bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrocardiogram abnormalities in patients with hematological malignancies before and after high dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Potemkina Nadezhda A. , Glezer Maria G. , Chomakhidze Petr S. , Zeynalova Pervin A. , Petrova Galina D. , Novikova Alena I. , Gasymov Artur N. , Poltavskaya Maria G.
Published: June 2024

Rationale: Electrocardiography (ECG) is an objective and widely available method for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disorders recommended for identification of abnormalities, including those in patients with malignancies. A few studies have been published on the assessment of changes in ECG over time in patients with hemoblastoses under high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with subsequent transplantation of autologous hematopoietic stem cells (autoHSCT).
Aim: To study ECG abnormalities before HDCT with autoHSCT and after treatment and their association with cardiac dysfunction in patients with hematological malignancies.
Materials and methods: This prospective cohort observational study included 71 patients with confirmed hemoblastoses. Before HDCT with autoHSCT and at the average of 20 weeks thereafter, a 12-lead standard ECG, echocardiography, and measurement of cardiac biomarkers (troponin T [TnT] and N-terminal pro-peptide of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were performed. We assessed P wave abnormalities, PQ duration, QRS, ST segment, and T wave. The following cut-off values were considered abnormal: duration of P wave above 110 ms, of PQ interval above 210 ms, of QRS above 110 ms. The QTc intervals were calculated according to Bazett and Fridericia. QTc above 450 ms in men and above 460 in women was considered as prolonged.
Results: After HDCT with autoHSCT, increased left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMMI) was more commonly found in the patients with prolonged P wave ( 110 ms) at baseline (χ2 = 7.214; odds ratio (OR) 4.179; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.425–12.250; p = 0.015), and increased left atrial volume index (LAVI) was more common for those with initially two-humped P wave (χ2 = 11.169; OR 19.231; 95% CI 2.064–179.212; p = 0.004). Before HDCT with autoHSCT, flattened T wave was present in 14 (19.7%) of the study patients. After the treatment, 8 (11.3%) of the patients demonstrated a new T wave abnormalities, associated with more frequent new TnT increase ( 14 pg/mL) (χ2 = 7.945; p = 0.025), as well as with increased LAVI (p = 0.018) and LVMMI (p = 0.018). Before HDCT with autoHSCT, 10 (14.1%) of the study patients had a prolonged QTc interval, which correlated to the increased NT-proBNP level ( 125 pg/mL) (r = 0.247; p = 0.038). The assessment of the QTc length after HDCT with autoHSCT showed, that the increase of NT-proBNP levels by 1 pg/mL was associated with an increase of the QTc duration by 0.003 mc(p = 0.027).
Conclusion: In patients with hematological malignancies, baseline P wave abnormalities are the risk factor for increased LVMMI and LAVI after HDCT with autoHSCT. New T wave abnormalities and QTc prolongation after HDCT with autoHSCT are associated with the signs of myocadial injury and dysfunction.
Neuro-ophthalmic Tests for Assessment of Vision Before and After Phacoemulsification in Cataractous Dogs
Authors: Das Babita , Shahi Apra , Jawre Shobha , Singh Randhir , Mishra Apoorva
Published: June 2024

Background: The aim of current study was to assess pre and post-operative vision status through neuro-ophthalmic examination of 24 canine eyes after phacoemulsification with implantation of different acrylic intra ocular lenses. Methods: The study was conducted on 24 canine eyes. Preoperatively, detailed neuro-ophthalmic tests viz. Menace response, Pupillary light reflex (PLR), Obstacle Course and Moving object (cotton ball) were conducted for assessment of vision due to cataract and to exclude other ocular pathologies. Dogs were divided in four groups with 6 eyes in each group and subjected to phacoemulsification procedure for removal of cataractous lens and implanted with square edge or round edge, hydrophilic or hydrophobic intra ocular lenses (IOL). Post operatively, aforementioned neuro-ophthalmic tests were conducted on 3, 7 and 15 days and scores were given and comparatively analysed for vision acuity. Result: Preoperatively, neuro-opthalmic tests indicated poor and absent vision in eyes affected with various stages of cataract. Post operatively, the visual outcome in dogs of all treatment groups were assessed from the scores obtained in various neuro-ophthalmic tests. Neuro-ophthalmic evaluation revealed restoration of vision in 50% dogs in group I, II, IV and in 66.66% dogs of group III on day 15 after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. It was concluded that neuro-ophthalmic tests are useful and mandatory protocols for pre and post-operative vision assessment in dogs with cataract.
Do the Mammalian Artificial Oocytes Repair Reproductive Dysfunctions in Mammalian Species?: A Review
Authors: Mohammed A.A. , AlGherair I. , Al-Suwaiegh S. , Al-Awaid S. , Mohammed A. , Mohammed A.
Published: June 2024

Artificial oocytes were used of different mammalian species for repairing reproductive dysfunctions. Artificial oocytes are those created in vitro using enucleated germinal vesicle, metaphase I and metaphase II oocytes followed by embryonic cells, somatic cells, pluripotent stem cells and germ cells nuclear transfer. Artificial oocytes are under development, they have the potential to revolutionize reproduction in mammalian species. The potential applications of artificial oocytes include 1) treatment of infertility as premature ovarian failure, ovarian cancer, or other conditions that damage the ovaries, 2) preservation of fertility, 3) creating cloned and transgenic animals. While artificial oocytes have the potential to revolutionize reproductive medicine, there are still a number of challenges that need to be addressed before they can be effectively and safely used in humans including the adapting efficient and safe enucleation techniques. Furthermore, cellular reprogramming is the biggest obstacle for creating artificial oocytes in addition to activation procedures to ensure that artificial oocytes are genetically and epigenetically normal and producing healthy offspring. Several studies are designed to overcome these challenges and there is significant progresses being made. Offspring are obtained in several animals species whereas developed blastocysts were obtained in humans. This review is developed and implemented to discuss the progress in creation of “artificial oocytes” in addition to the factors affecting the developmental competence of reconstructed oocytes.
The Relationship of Mitochondrial-derived Peptide (MOTS-c) and Brain Mitochondrial Carrier Protein 1 (BMCP1) Response in Sheep with Some Physiological Parameters
Authors: Bayraktar B. , Demir N. , Aksakal V.
Published: June 2024

Background: Mitochondria are organelles called power plants of the cell, which are found in eukaryotic cells and are responsible for the production of energy needed by the cells through aerobic respiration. Mitochondrial dysfunction causes endocrinological, cardiovascular, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of body condition score (BCS), lactation, pregnancy, age and gender on Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide (MOTS-c) and Brain Mitochondrial Transporter Protein 1 (BMCP1) levels in Akkaraman sheep. Methods: Sheep are classified into 3 categories according to BCS (BCS less than 2, BCS=3-3.5, BCS≥4). In creating groups in terms of BCS, it was determined by the palpation method applied to the waist area. The sheep included in the study were divided into 4 groups: early lactation, early pregnancy, late pregnancy (dry period) and age (female and male sheep).1st group, ewes in the first period of pregnancy (on the 100th day of the first pregnancy) (n = 30), 2nd group, ewes in the early lactation period (n = 30), 3rd group, ewes in the dry period (the last two months of pregnancy) (n = 30) and in the 4th group, less than 2 (young) (n=30), 2-8 (adult) (n=30), 8 greater than (old) (n=30), male and female sheep (n=30) of different ages. =180) total of 270 animals. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of the sheep before the morning feeding. MOTSc and BMCP1 levels were determined in blood serum samples by ELISA method. Result: In the study, serum MOTS-c and BMCP1 levels in sheep during lactation and pregnancy were determined to be lowest in the VKS less than 2 group and highest in the VKS≥4 groups. Likewise, in age and gender groups, the highest level was detected in young lambs and yearlings in the VKS less than 2 group, while the highest level was detected in old sheep and rams in the VKS≥4 group. As a result, it was determined that different age, gender, pregnancy and lactation periods affected serum MOTS-c and BMCP1 levels depending on the change in BCS (P less than 0.05). It was concluded that MOTS-c and BMCP1 may be useful parameters in the evaluation of mitochondrial function, energy metabolism and metabolic profile.
Analysis of Heterosis and Stability in Brinjal at Multi-locations of Gujarat for Yield and its Attributing Traits
Authors: Joshi Dhruv Pankaj Kumar , Patel N.B. , Patel A.M. , Zala H.N. , Prajapati N.N.
Published: June 2024

Background: Brinjal is the important vegetable crop. The extensive use of heterosis in vegetable crops has led to the creation of numerous high-yielding hybrid cultivars. Newly developed hybrids should also be tested across environments to develop region specific hybrids or hybrid for all the regions. Methods: The purpose of the present experiment was to develop region-specific brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) hybrids through line ´ tester design and to gather information on heterosis and stability for fruit yield and associated characters at multiple locations of viz., Sardarkrushinagar, Jagudan and Bhiloda under the jurisdiction of S.D.A.U. in late rabi 2021–2022. Result: There were noticeable genetic differences in the material for the majority of the traits. Several crosses were identified which showed desirable heterosis for at least one yield component in individual and pooled over locations. Fruit yield per plant is the most important trait. Hybrid ‘ISD-006 × GOB-5’ showed the highest fruit yield and maximum standard heterosis for fruit yield per plant, fruit girth, fruit weight, total soluble solids and chlorophyll content index. The interaction of G × E was highly significant for the majority of characters suggesting the differential response of experimental material to the varied locations. Stability analysis suggested ‘ISD-006 × GAB-6’, ‘JDNB-16-1 × GOB-1’ and ‘ABSR-2 × GAB-6’ as the top three stable crosses for fruit yield per plant. Overall, ‘ISD-006 × GRB-5’ appeared to be an outstanding cross for fruit yield and its attributing traits in terms of heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis in individual and pooled environments. As well as it was found to be average stable for four major traits and stable in favourable environments for fruit weight and yield per plant. Also, incorporating hybrids identified in this experiment might potentially result in transgressive segregants in brinjal.
Modelo Predictivo del Indicador de Reprobación de la Población Estudiantil de una Institución de Educación Superior (IES)
Authors: Méndez Lambarén José Luis , Salazar Ortíz Ana María , Fernández Martínez Oscar Ramón
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE: To determine the multiple linear regression model of the HEI according to its grid of educational programs (EP), as well as analyzing the factors that affect the indicator of the subjects’ competencies achievement of the different study plans offered by TecNM in Tapachula Campus.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: It is qualitative and quantitative in nature, based on a multiple linear regression model in which the failure indicator, educational programs and categories of knowledge are considered as variables, according to the Education Accreditation Council of Engineering (CACEI, by its acronym in Spanish).
RESULTS: The seven categories of knowledge of the CACEI are considered fundamental for the training of competent engineers in accordance with the challenges of the 21st century. It is worth mentioning that the categories are not mutually exclusive but are interrelated and integrated throughout the engineering study program.
CONCLUSIONS: The linking actions that are mostly implemented with the productive and service sector were detected, they are: Social Service and Professional Residency or professional internships, followed by the Promotion of Vacancies in the Job Boards of the HEI.
Cadena de Valor del Proyecto de Organización de Obra y Montaje de Electricidad
Authors: Rojas Hernández Dairon , Acosta Rodríguez Leo Alejandro , Pelegrín Mesa Arístides
Published: June 2024

OBJETIVO: Diseñar la cadena de valor del proyecto de organización de obra y montaje de electricidad en la Unidad Empresarial de Base (UEB) de la Empresa de Automatización Integral (CEDAI) Pinar del Río, la cual se dedica a la prestación de servicios derivados de la industria electrónica, como montajes de proyectos, paneles fotovoltaicos y servicios técnicos.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Es una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, mediante la descripción de cada uno de los pasos diseñados para realizar la propuesta de la cadena de valor, así como el análisis de documento e información a través de la recolección de datos. 
RESULTADOS: Estar al tanto del fenómeno abordado y solución de problemas, reconociendo sus resultados en el mejoramiento continuo para generar valor a un menor costo, sincronizando cada una de las actividades y procesos para obtener beneficios.
CONCLUSIONES: La cadena de valor como herramienta estratégica, permite reconocer al personal de la UEB los procesos empresariales inherentes al proyecto objeto de estudio a través de su diseño, permitiendo a futuro el gestionar la contabilidad, indicadores financieros y resultados económicos.
Haitianization of Migration: The Lack of Attachment of Haitian Women in the Medical Discourse of the City of Rancagua, Chile
Authors:   Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua. Chile., Cociña-Cholaky Martina ,   Universidad  Viña  del  Mar,  Viña  del  Mar. Chile., Rodríguez-Garrido Pía ,   Universidad  de  O’Higgins,  Rancagua,  Chile.,   Millennium Nucleus Studies on Disability and Citizenship (DISCA), Chile,   Universidad  de  Barcelona,  Barcelona, España,   Instituto Universitario de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
Published: June 2024

Desde una aproximacióninterseccional, se analizaron narrativas de médicos respecto al cuestionamiento sobrelas mujeres haitianas para interactuarcon sus bebés,referido como falta de apego. Se entrevistó a 12 profesionales médicos. Luegodel análisis temático cualitativo, emergieron las categorías “el apego en tensión” y “lo otro, lo negro y lo malo”.El discurso médico enfatiza un cuestionamiento hacia las personas que portan la negritud,sustentado en una ficción racial hacia las mujeres haitianas, ello afecta en la representación del colectivo y en la atención sanitaria recibida.
Mobility of precarious lives during the COVID-19 pandemic. The border closure in Argentina (2020-2021) and its effects from the human right to migrate
Authors:   UniversidadNacional  de  Mar  del  Plata, García Lila ,   Argentina.,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina.
Published: June 2024

El artículo analiza, desde un enfoque de derechos, las experiencias de las personas enmovilidades precarias ante el cierre de fronteras adoptado por Argentina a raíz de la pandemia por COVID-19. ¿Cómo fue la experiencia de llegar, salir del país y en general, transitar con las fronteras formalmente cerradas? A partir de revisión de fuentes y entrevistas, la contribución da cuenta de la espera inicial frente al cierre, y de las dificultades y estrategias para ingresar y transitar, incluso de manera regular, para evaluar la experiencia desde las obligaciones estatales a partir del derecho humano a migrar.
Tourism in Peronist Salta. An approach through the analysis of state agencies
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Rodríguez Buscia Carlos Martín ,   Argentina.,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina.
Published: June 2024

Este trabajo se interroga respecto al rol y desenvolvimiento de la agencia estatal encargada del turismo en Salta durante los años de los gobiernos peronistas (1946-1955). Se analiza la evolución, funciones, capacidades y límites del Estado a “ras de suelo” en un espacio escasamente explorado por la historiografía del turismo. A partir de ello,se demostró que la organización del turismo se llevó a cabo mediante la acción autónoma y descentralizada de la dependencia subnacional, con escasa o nula coordinación nacional y caracterizada por la fragmentariedad, los obstáculos, las marchas y las contramarchas.
Banda Youngstersfacing the process of social production of habitat in the city of Netzahualcoyotl, Mexico (1980-1999)
Authors:   Centro  de  Estudios  Sociológicos,  El  Colegio  de  México, Rodríguez Torres Diego Alberto ,   México., Villeda Villafaña Omar Alejandro ,   Universidad  Nacional  Autónoma  de México; México.
Published: June 2024

El caso de estudio se desarrolla en el municipio de Nezahualcóyotl, México, durante las décadas de los ochentas y noventas del siglo XX, caracterizado por el estallido cultural de los Chavos Banda. Para conocer la influencia de este movimiento en la producción social del hábitat del municipio se realizaron ocho entrevistas a exintegrantes de algunas bandas. Afirmamos que las prácticas culturales de los jóvenes, enmarcadas en un orden urbano, son una parte importante del proceso de producción social del hábitat en urbanizaciones populares, como el caso del municipio de Nezahualcóyotl.
Changes in the sectorial and regional structure of employment in urban Argentina before and after COVID 19
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires. Argentina, Salvia Agustín ,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina.,   Universidad Católica Argentina; Argentina, Ledda Valentina ,   Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentina.,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina., Bonelli Bruno ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires. Argentina;
Published: June 2024

Este artículo analiza el impacto de la crisis ocupacional generada por la pandemia de COVID-19 sobre los mercados laborales regionales urbanos de la Argentina, centrándose en la composición, funcionamiento y calidad de los empleos. Se examina el desempeño de estos mercados durante el año 2020 en comparación con la situación previa (2019-2020) y la posterior recuperación (2020-2021). Se utilizan indicadores como los cambios en la composición sectorial del empleo y la precariedad laboral a nivel agregado y enlas principales regiones urbanas. Los resultados revelan un aumento en las desigualdades en términos de irregularidad laboral según la inserción sectorial, categoría ocupacional y región urbana. Se llega a estos resultados a partir de un análisis descriptivo, comparativo e inferencial de los datos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares Total Urbano (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos).
Hubungan antara Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Peduli Lingkungan Mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografi terhadap Perilaku Penanganan Sampah Plastik di Kos-Kosan Kelurahan Akehuda Kota Ternate Utara
Authors: Pasongli Hernita , Evita Evita , Salam Ramdani , Marthinu Eva
Published: June 2024

Permasalahan sampah yang sering berserakan di suatu lingkungan tak jarang dianggap sepele oleh masyarakat. Padahal permasalahan sampah dapat dikatakan sebagai permasalahan yang penting bagi masyarakat bahkan telah menjadi persoalan tradisi yang sampai sekarang sepertinya susah buat terselesaikan serta terpecahkan. Aktivitas membuang sampah sembarangan sepertinya sudah menjadi suatu kebiasaan baru bagi rakyat Indonesia disela-sela melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap peduli lingkungan mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografiterhadap perilaku penanganan sampah plastik di kos-kosan Kelurahan Akehuda Kota Ternate Utara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif korelasional, dengan cara mengumpulkan data melalui kuesioner dan pengamatan observasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografiyang aktif semester ganjil tahun akademik 2021/2022. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografi berjumlah 76 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak (Random Sampling). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa kuesioner tertutup sebanyak 20 item yang digunakan untuk mengukur pengetahuan dan sikap peduli lingkungan mahasiswa geografi. Teknik analisis data adalah teknik analisis univariat dan statistik inferensial (uji hipotesis) menggunakan IBM SPSS 25. Hasil uji hipotesis koefisien korelasi di peroleh sebesar 0,259 dengan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,024 lebih kecil dari 0,05. Artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan sikap peduli lingkungan mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografiterhadap penanganan sampah plastik di Indokost Kelurahan Akehuda Kota Ternate Utara.
Characteristic Morphology and Biomass Production of Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Cultivar Gama Umami Under Teak Tree (Tectona grandis) Shade in Blora, Central Java
Authors: Muafi Muhammad Zayyan , Umami Nafiatul , Suhartanto Bambang , Suwignyo Bambang , Haq Miftahush Shirotul , Suseno Nilo , Widiyatno Widiyatno , Armstrong Leisa , Cook David , Prasojo Yogi Sidik
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the characteristic morphology and biomass production of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) cultivar Gama Umami under teak tree (Tectona grandis) shade in teak tree forest area of Blora, Central Java. The grass was planted using stem cuttings and maintained for four months using the randomized block design (RBD) method with six repetitions in each treatment. This study consisted of two treatments, namely shade under teak tree stands and non-shade or open area as a control. Maintenance was carried out for 14 weeks with the addition of fertilizers, such as NPK (nitrogen, phosphor, and potassium) and urea. Parameters measured included plant height, leaf length, leaf width, first collar length, number of tiller, and stem diameter. After 14 weeks the plants were harvested, and biomass production data were obtained. The results showed that there were no differences in leaf length, leaf width, first collar length, number shoots, and stem diameter between under the shade and non-shade of teak trees. However, the plant height and biomass production of Napier grass cultivated in non-shade teak trees were higher than under the shade of teak trees. The finding showed that Napier grass cultivar Gama Umami could be cultivated under the shade of teak tree forest and introduce for silvopasture system in teak trees forest area.
Mississippian (Lower Carboniferous) Facies Heterogeneity and Distribution within the Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Midcontinent STACK Play, Oklahoma, USA
Authors: Bynum Jamar , Pashin Jack , Wethington Conn
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study is to evaluate facies heterogeneity, including both lateral and vertical distributions within the mixed carbonate and siliciclastic reservoirs of the Mississippian System (Lower Carboniferous). This research and statistical approach will aid in future investigations related to determining optimal landing zones, enhancing completion designs, and providing geologic insight into fracture driven well interference studies to increase production efficiency. This study integrates well log, petrographic, sedimentologic, and conventional core analyses along a set of transects across the Anadarko Basin and includes the development of core-based facies logs. Statistical analysis indicates that the Mississippian System in the STACK play of the Anadarko Basin is fundamentally a highly layered rhythmic succession in which a variety of carbonate rock types, siliciclastic rock types, and chert tend to form couplets with siltstone. Thickness-frequency distributions and Markov chain analysis indicate that sediment thickness and lithologic transitions were stochastically regulated and that lithologic cyclicity is not apparent. Overall lithologic trends indicate a transition from carbonate to sandstone in the midramp and from carbonate to mudstone and siltstone in the outer ramp. Stratal geometry defines a series of south-prograding clinoforms, and detailed analysis of vertical trends in the distribution of mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, chert, and carbonate facilitates identification of shoaling-upward parasequences that can be correlated regionally.
Unveiling the genetic landscape: high frequency of pik3ca mutation in luminal a and b breast cancer within the Indonesian population
Authors: Prajoko Yan Wisnu , Heriyanto Didik Setyo , Amalina Nur Dina , Dirja Bayu Tirta , Susanto Susanto , Lau Vincent , Gunawan Andrew Nobiantoro
Published: June 2024

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a global health concern with significant mortality rates, necessitating a deep understanding of its molecular landscape. Objective: This study focuses on the prevalence of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutations in Luminal A and B BC within the Indonesian population. Luminal A and B BC, characterized by estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positivity, face challenges in endocrine therapy due to acquired resistance, often mediated by PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation.
Methods: The study, conducted from 2019 to 2022, collected samples from diverse Indonesian regions, representing various islands. Histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry classified samples into molecular subtypes.
Results: Genetic analysis using PIK3CA mutation detection kits revealed a mutation frequency of 36.2%, with Luminal A BC exhibiting the highest mutation rate (46.1%). Notably, Luminal B HER-2 (positive) BC demonstrated a lower mutation frequency (19%). Statistical analyses highlighted correlations between PIK3CA mutations and molecular subtypes (p=0.01), with Luminal A and Luminal B HER-2 (negative) BC showing higher mutation frequencies. No significant associations were observed with age, tumor location, or histopathology diagnosis. Luminal A BC demonstrated a higher prevalence of PIK3CA mutations in patients over 50 years old (68.1%). Comparisons with existing literature and inconsistencies in PIK3CA mutation prevalence across different BC subtypes underline the need for population-specific research.
Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of assessing PIK3CA mutations in BC management, offering insights for personalized therapies and potential advancements in understanding this complex disease within the Indonesian context.
Atmospheric concentrations of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes at urban Forests of São Paulo, SE-Brazil: winter and summertime observations in 2017-2018
Authors: Bulgarelli Ricardo Marcondes , silva Igor Lima da , Santos Tailine Correa dos , Trufen Carlos Eduardo Madureira , nascimento Alex do , Fornaro Adalgiza , Souza Silvia Ribeiro
Published: June 2024

The study compares the atmospheric composition of biogenic organic compounds (BVOCs), specifically mono and sesquiterpenes, between two sites in the Metropolitan region of São Paulo- Brazil. One site is situated in the peripheral regions characterized by a high density of trees (PEFI), while the other site is located on the university campus of São Paulo (USP) and is highly affected by vehicular emission. The highest levels were observed in both sites during winter/2017. Different emission patterns were noted between the sites, α-pinene, associated with coniferous trees, was notably high at USP during winter, likely due to the presence of exotic tree species like eucalyptus and pines. However, d-limonene, another compound emitted by conifers, was lower in summer, confirming findings from other regions. Meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and ozone levels influenced BVOC concentrations differently at each site and across seasons. For instance, higher temperatures negatively impacted BVOC levels at PEFI in winter but did not affect them in USP during summer. Biogenic emissions appear to be the main source of mono and sesquiterpenes in the PEFI, whereas, at the USP site, both vehicle emissions and biogenic emissions contribute to the levels of these compounds. The study suggests that factors influencing BVOC levels in the atmosphere are not solely related to expected biogenic emissions but also to meteorological parameters, their reactivity, and additional sources that have not yet been fully investigated.
Evaluating the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in reducing local anesthesia injection pain in children
Authors: Alafandy Ansam Shafik , Almourabet MHD Abdulrahman MHD Bader Aldin
Published: June 2024

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in reducing the pain of needle injection during local anesthesia in children.
Materials and Methods
Twenty cooperative healthy kids participated in this research; their ages were between 8-12 years old. In laser group (LG) LLLT diode laser (635 nm; continuous mode; 100 mW; 48.0 J/cm2) was applied buccally in one side of the mandibula or maxilla in contact with the soft tissue for 120 second. While in the contralateral side 20% Benzocaine Gel topical anesthetic was applied for the same time and this was the control group (CG). Then a short needle was inserted in each side and the pain was evaluated for each side separately using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (PRS).
Non-parametric analysis was applied and data were analyzed for statistical significance (p < 0.05).
Results
The total cases were twenty, (10 in the maxilla and 10 in the mandible). The "no pain" and "severe pain" rates in the PRS were 41.7% and 3.3% for the LG and 21.7% and 11.7% for the CG, respectively, during injection. The mean pain degree was 2.6 in CG while it was 1.2 in LG. Wilcoxon analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between LG and CG (P=0.001<0.05). While there was no significant difference in evaluating pain degree according to the order of technique, gender, place of injection, previous dental experiment, and behavior assessment in both methods.
Conclusion
Administration of LLLT diode laser (635 nm) can be considered for decreasing pain of injection in children and it is more effective than 20% Benzocaine topical anesthetic gel, regardless the order of technique, gender, place of injection, previous dental experiment, and behavior assessment.
Inhibition of Seed Germination of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) by Salinity Stress: Insight of Enzymatic Activity
Authors: Samarah N.H. , AL-Quraan Nisreen , Al-Zyout Ruleen I.
Published: June 2024

Salinity stress inhibits seed germination of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) due to osmotic stress and ion toxicity. Therefore, the objective of this study is to understand how salinity reduces seed germination of two lettuce cultivars, ‘Susan’ (the high salt-sensitive cultivar) and ‘Yafa’ (the low salt-sensitive cultivar), in relationship with the enzymatic activity of catalase and endo-β-mannanase during germination and seedling growth. The seeds of the two cultivars were sown in Petri dishes under low salinity (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 mM NaCl) in the first experiment and high salinity (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mM NaCl) in the second experiment for 8 days in a standard germination test to assess seed germination, mean time to germination, catalase, and endo-β-mannanase activities. Seedling emergence was also evaluated in different growing media of perlite, peatmoss, cocopeat, sand, and their combination. Salinity stress reduced seed germination percentage, seedling length, and increased mean time to germination in ‘Susan’ compared with ‘Yafa’. The highest seedling emergence was reported in perlite for ‘Susan’, while there was no difference in seedling emergence of ‘Yafa’ among growing media. Perlite had the lowest salinity (the lowest electrical conductivity values) among all growing media used in this study. The ‘Yafa’ had higher catalase and endo-β-mannanase activities during germination under salinity stress than the ‘Susan’ except for the 4th and 6th days post germination at the lower salinity stress. In conclusion, the high salt-sensitive cultivar of ‘Susan’ had lower seed germination and higher mean time to germination under salinity stress than the low salt-sensitive cultivar of ‘Yafa’, which was related to lower catalase and endo-β-mannanase activities during seed germination.
Out of randomness: How evolution benefits from modularity
Authors: Liu Chunxiuzi , Tang Shaohua , Que Linjie , Zhang Zecheng , Peng Lu , Dong Jiaxin , Cai Yaqi , Zhang Ke , Di Zengru , Hong Binbin , Liu Yu
Published: June 2024

Brute force random search, effective in exploring solution spaces, often becomes inefficient or infeasible in real-world scenarios with vast solution spaces. A more effective method, akin to natural evolution, involves recombining existing modules into new ones, a concept known as “evolution as tinkering” introduced by François Jacob. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for comprehending evolution and designing evolution-inspired algorithms. This study employs genetic algorithms (GAs) to quantitatively explore how evolution-like processes, marked by mutation and crossover, search for complex solutions. Compared to random search, GAs significantly improve the probability of finding solutions, especially complex ones. This improvement varies, showing biases towards more intricate solutions, likely due to the crossover process in GAs that facilitates the recombination of smaller modules into larger, more complex ones. Our experiments reveal that grouping module components rather than scattering them aids in forming larger, more complex solutions. This mirrors a pattern observed in real biological systems, where the sequences encoding individual genes are clustered together in all prokaryotic organisms. These findings highlight the importance of spatial correlations in the development of larger, more intricate modules and solutions, underscoring how modularity and modular recombination enhance solution space exploration.
Using Wearable Sensors and Machine Learning to Assess Upper Limb Function in Huntington's Disease
Authors: Nunes Adonay S. , Potter İlkay Yıldız , Mishra Ram Kinker , Casado Jose , Dana Nima , Geronimo Andrew , Tarolli Christopher G. , Schneider Ruth B. , Dorsey E. Ray , Adams* Jamie L. , Vaziri* Ashkan
Published: June 2024

Huntington's disease (HD), like many other neurological disorders, affects both lower and upper limb function that is typically assessed in the clinic - providing a snapshot of disease symptoms. Wearable sensors enable the collection of real-world data that can complement such clinical assessments and provide a more comprehensive insight into disease symptoms. In this context, almost all studies are focused on assessing lower limb function via monitoring of gait, physical activity and ambulation.

In this study, we monitor upper limb function during activities of daily living in individuals with HD (n = 16), prodromal HD (pHD, n = 7), and controls (CTR, n = 16) using a wrist-worn wearable sensor, called PAMSys ULM, over seven days. The participants were highly compliant in wearing the sensor with an average daily compliance of 99% (100% for HD, 98% for pHD, and 99% for CTR). Goal-directed movements (GDM) of the hand were detected using a deep learning model, and kinematic features of each GDM were estimated. The collected data was used to predict disease groups (i.e., HD, pHD, and CTR) and clinical scores using a combination of statistical and machine learning-based models.

Significant differences in GDM features were observed between the groups. HD participants performed fewer GDMs with long duration (> 7.5 seconds) compared to CTR (p-val = 0.021, d = -0.86). In velocity and acceleration metrics, the highest effect size feature was the entropy of the velocity zero-crossing length segments (HD vs CTR p-val <0.001, d = -1.67; HD vs pHD p-val = 0.043, d=-0.98; CTR vs pHD p-val = 0.046, d=0.96). In addition, this same variable showed a strongest correlation with clinical scores. Classification models achieved good performance in distinguishing HD, pHD and CTR individuals with a balanced accuracy of 67% and a 0.72 recall for the HD group, while regression models accurately predicted clinical scores. Notably the explained variance for the upper extremity function subdomain scale of Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) was the highest, with the model capturing 60% of the variance. Our findings suggest the potential of wearables and machine learning for early identification of phenoconversion, remote monitoring in HD, and evaluating new treatments efficacy in clinical trials and medicine.

*Jamie L. Adams and Ashkan Vaziri have contributed equally to this work as senior authors.
Preparation, characterization, and release behavior of β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of trans-cinnamaldehyde
Authors: Li Jiazheng , Cui Zhao , Xiong Xi , Zhang Ruotong , Lu Weiwen , Cai Zhipeng , Fu Xuedan , Zhang Zhenhai , Ju Jianming
Published: June 2024

Although β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion is known to improves the stability and solubility of trans-cinnamaldehyde (CA), but data on the in vitrorelease, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of such inclusion complexes are lacking. In this study, an inclusion complex of CA and β-CD (CA-β-CD) inclusion complex was prepared using a saturated solution method.Its in vitro release was determined using the dialysis bag method with a molecular cut-off of 1000 D, while its in vivo pharmacokinetics were studied in a rat model. A carrageenan-induced acute inflammation mouse model of foot swelling was used to evaluate the effects of the inclusion complex on drug efficacy. The CA-β-CD inclusion complex had a lower release rate within 2 h and a higher release rate than CA after 2 h in both release media. In vivopharmacokinetic studies of the CA-β-CD inclusion showed a decrease in peak concentration, a significant increase in half-life (p<0.05), and an increase in bioavailability. A pharmacodynamic study on the effects of the inclusion complex on toe swelling in mice showed that it had slightly slower effects than the CA, but a relatively long-lasting swelling inhibition effect. The above findings suggest that CA has a certain slow-release behavior in vitro and in vivo after being encapsulated by β-CD, which has an effect on the drug’s efficacy.
Abated crowding by fast-tracking the Throughput component of the ED for patients in no need of hospitalization with competency managed personnel
Authors: Larsen Jesper Juul , Lauridsen Halfdan , Gundersen Laurits , Riecke Birgit , Schmidt Thomas A
Published: June 2024

Background
Emergency department (ED) crowding is a major patient safety concern and has a negative impact on healthcare systems and healthcare providers. We hypothesized that it would be feasible to control crowding by employing a multifaceted approach consisting of systematically fast-tracking patients who are mostly not in need of a hospital stay as assessed by an initial nurse and treated by decision competent physicians.
Methods
Data from 108532 patients registered in a secondary care ED from the 4tth quarter of 2021 to the 4th quarter of 2023 was drawn from the electronic health record’s data warehouse using the SAP Web Intelligence tool and processed in the Python programming language. Crowding was compared before and after ED transformation from a uniform department into a high flow (α) and a low flow (β) section with patient placement in gurneys/chairs or beds, respectively. Patients putatively not in need of hospitalization were identified by nurse, placed in in the α setting and assessed and treated by decision competent physicians. Incidence of crowding, number of patients admitted per day and readmittances within 72 h following ED admission before and after changes were determined. Values are number of patients, mean ± SEM and mean differences with 95% CIs. Statistical significance was ascertained using Student’s two tailed t-test for unpaired values.
Results
Before and after ED changes crowding of 130% amounted to 123.8 h and 8.7 h in the latter. This is a difference of -115.3 ± 26.3 h with a 95% CI of -177.4 to -52.9, Δ% -93 (p = 0.03).
There was the same amount of patients / day amounting to 135.2 and 132.3 patients / day Δ% = -3.5 ± 1.7 patients 95% CI -7.5 to 0.5 (p >0.08)
There was no change in readmittances within 72 h before and after changes amounting to 8.9% versus 9.5%, Δ% = 0.5 ± 0.4% 95%CI -0.1 to 1.1 (p >0.09).
Conclusion
It appears feasible to abate crowding with unchanged patient admission and without an increase in readmittances by fast-track assessment and treatment of patients who are not in need of hospitalization.
Effect of Soil Factors on Shrub Communities in the Central Subtropical Climate
Authors: Sun Liu , Han Zhuodan , Wang Ning , Lv Kun
Published: June 2024

Background
Shrub communities play a crucial role in forest restoration, soil and water conservation, and maintaining ecological balance in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the influence of environmental factors on the distribution characteristics of shrub plants, particularly in the subtropical region of China, remains poorly understood.
Materials and methods
Two subtropical areas with similar dimensions in southern Jiangxi and northeastern Guangxi, China were examined. We compared species composition, diversity and life forms in two subtropical regions, and quantified the niche width of the same species using Levins index (Bi). Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) and Redundancy Analysis (RDA) were employed to comprehensively explore the relationship between shrub community composition and environmental factors.
Results
Southern Jiangxi (with 100 recorded shrub species) and northeastern Guangxi (with 108 recorded shrub species) exhibit comparable species richness in their respective shrub communities. Southern Jiangxi had higher species diversity and a more pronounced dominance of certain species compared to northeastern Guangxi. Additionally, northeastern Guangxi had a higher proportion of aboveground-shoot plants and underground-shoot plants compared to southern Jiangxi. The niche width and niche overlap of the same species exhibit significant differences between the two regions. Low similarity in species composition between their respective shrub communities while RDA analysis highlighted significant correlations between soil physicochemical factors (C, N, P, pH), slope aspect with species composition emphasizing variations in explanatory power across different environmental factors.
Conclusion
Soil factors exert a significant influence on the structure and species composition of shrub communities in subtropical climates, underscoring the intricate interplay between soil properties and vegetation dynamics within ecosystems.
CSN6 aggravates inflammation and Myocardial injury in macrophage of sepsis model by MIF
Authors: Song qianying , Zhou Changming , Liu Yufei , Lv Huiyi , Zhang Cuiying
Published: June 2024

Sepsis, one of the leading causes of death in critically ill patients, is characterized by multiple organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated immune response to infection. Hence, we investigated that the effects of CSN6 in sepsis and the underlying mechanism. RAW264.7 cell inducted with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). CSN6 protein expression of macrophage in vitro model of sepsis was increased. We collected 10 sepsis patients and single cell analysis CSN6 expression. CSN6 aggravated inflammation of macrophage in vitro model of sepsis. CSN6 aggravated ferroptosis of macrophage in vitro model of sepsis. CSN6 aggravated mitochondrial damage of macrophage in vitro model of sepsis. CSN6 induced MIF expression of macrophage in vitro model of sepsis. MIF inhibitor reduced the effects of CSN6 on inflammation and ferroptosis of macrophage in vitro model of sepsis. CSN6 protein at 11-ARG, 21-ARG, 31-LEU, 32-ASP linked MIF protein at 280-ASN, 366-SER.In conclusion, CSN6 aggravates inflammation and myocardial injury in macrophage of sepsis by MIF signaling, suggesting that targeting this mechanism of CSN6 may be a feasible strategy to anti-inflammation for sepsis or sepsis-induced myocardial injury.
Clinical Observation of the "Vertical-Horizontal VI" Surgical Technique in Eyelid Margin Tumor Excision and One-stage Reconstruction
Authors: Liu Xiaotian , Xie Weiwei , Li Zhen , Shao Yongqing , Zhu Jiaying , Zhao Hongbo , Bo Qingyun , Wu Guohai
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the application efficacy of the novel "Vertical-Horizontal VI" surgical technique in the excision and one-stage reconstruction of eyelid margin tumors.
Methods: This research enrolled 163 patients who underwent eyelid margin tumor excision at Ningbo Eye Hospital from September 2016 to December 2023. Based on different surgical indications, three techniques were utilized: simple excision, excision plus sliding flap, and the "Vertical-Horizontal VI" technique. The outcomes were assessed by comparing preoperative and postoperative photographs and using four postoperative outcome scores (scar score, eyelash score, eyelid margin contour, and eyelid function).
Results: The "Vertical-Horizontal VI" technique showed superior performance in scar scoring, with 96.26% of patients achieving the highest score (3 points), significantly better than the 71.43% with simple excision and 31.43% with excision plus sliding flap (P<0.05). In terms of eyelash scoring and eyelid margin contour scoring, the "Vertical-Horizontal VI" technique also showed significant advantages, with 100% and 96.26% of patients respectively obtaining the highest scores, far surpassing the other two techniques (P<0.05 for both). However, in eyelid function scoring, patients treated with all three methods achieved the highest score (3 points), indicating effective restoration of eyelid function with no significant differences (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The "Vertical-Horizontal VI" technique offers an innovative approach for the excision and one-stage reconstruction of eyelid margin tumors, particularly excelling in reducing scar formation, maintaining continuous eyelash line, preserving natural eyelid contour, and restoring normal eyelid function. These results suggest that the "Vertical-Horizontal VI" technique holds significant potential for treating eyelid margin tumors, contributing to potentially enhanced postoperative patient satisfaction and quality of life.