bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulse wave analysis on fingertip arterial pressure: effects of age, gender and stressors on reflected waves and their relation to brachial and femoral artery blood flow
Authors: Åhlund Catherine , Pettersson Knut , Lind Lars
Published: November 2007

Objectives:  Analysis of the contour of the arterial pressure pulse (pulse wave analysis; PWA) adds information about arterial stiffness etc., beyond that obtained from absolute pressures. Peripheral pulses normally show an anterograde systolic peak and two reflected peaks: one in systole and one in diastole. The amplitudes and timings of these were estimated from finger pressure recordings in three study groups. We studied the usefulness of continuous digital pressures for PWA.

Methods:  First, PWA from intra‐arterial (brachial) and non‐invasive finger pressure recordings was compared. Secondly, stress‐induced (mental arithmetics and cold pressor test) changes in pressure pulse reflection were compared with blood flow changes in brachial and femoral arteries (ultrasound). Thirdly, the influence of age and gender on digital pulse pressures was investigated at rest and during exercise.

Results and conclusion:  Pulse wave analysis results from brachial and digital pressures correlated strongly. Stress induced changes in systolic reflection were associated with changes in brachial artery flow patterns, whereas diastolic reflection was associated with femoral artery flow changes. At rest, age increased systolic reflection without affecting diastolic reflection. Exercise increased systolic reflection and reduced diastolic reflection more in older subjects (>40 years) than in younger (<40 years). In conclusion, PWA from continuous, digital pressure recordings is a convenient technique to study the arterial function at rest and during exposure to stressors in broad populations. The two reflected waves are differently regulated, which may indicate different anatomical origin.
Granulomatous Slack Skin Disease in a Child: The Outcome
Authors: Moreno‐Giménez J. C. , Jiménez‐Puya R. , Galán‐Gutiérrez M. , Pérez‐Seoane C. , Camacho F. M.
Published: November 2007

Abstract:  Granulomatous slack skin syndrome is a rare clinical and pathologic disorder. Only 42 patients have been reported, one of whom we described in 1997—the only child so far reported. We now describe the evolution of this patient and the transformation of the disease into a peripheral T‐cell lymphoma, and the complications resulting in the child’s death.
Adams–Oliver Syndrome with Widespread CMTC and Fatal Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Authors: Dadzie Ophelia Entsir , Tyszczuk Lidia , Holder Susan E. , Teixeira Fernanda , Charakida Aikaterina , Scarisbrick Julia , Chu Anthony
Published: November 2007

Abstract:  We report a neonate with cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita and clinical features of Adams–Oliver syndrome in association with severe pulmonary vascular disease. We provide an overview of cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita, distinguishing it from cutis marmorata, a common and benign physiologic cutaneous disorder seen in neonates. We highlight the need for thorough medical evaluation in cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita to exclude associated congenital anomalies.
Lymphangioma Scroti
Authors: Vikicevic Jelica , Milobratovic Danica , Vukadinovic Vojkan , Golubovic Zoran , Krstic Zoran
Published: November 2007

Abstract:  Lymphangiomas are congenital malformations of the lymphatic system. We report a 10‐year‐old boy with lymphatic malformation of the scrotum, which presented as a multiloculated scrotal mass associated with edema of the left thigh and left cryptorchidism. Histopathologic examination showed scrotal lymphangioma cavernosum. Ultrasonography was of major importance for the preoperative diagnosis and to determine the extent of the scrotal lesion. Scrotal lymphangiomas are very rare. It is important to consider them in boys with a cystic scrotal mass in order to avoid misdiagnosis, improper treatment and recurrences.
Pancreatic Panniculitis in a 4‐year‐old Child with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: SUWATTEE PITIPORN , CHAM PETER M. H. , POPE ELENA , HO NHUNG
Published: November 2007

Abstract:  Pancreatic panniculitis is an uncommon disorder with a distinctive histopathology. We report the youngest patient with pancreatic panniculitis caused by hypertriglyceridemia in association with nephrotic syndrome.
A Mild Form of Proteus Syndrome
Authors: ADIşEN ESRA , ÖNDER MELTEM , GÜRER MEHMET ALI
Published: November 2007

Abstract:  Proteus syndrome is a multisystem disorder and diagnosis has been difficult because of the variability of the syndrome’s manifestations. Dermatologists have an important role as cutaneous findings could provide clues for the early diagnosis of the disease. Herein we report a case who had cerebriform connective tissue nevus and lipoma as the sole manifestations of the disease.
Vitiligo In Children
Authors: PRCIC SONJA , DJURAN VERICA , MIKOV ALEKSANDRA , MIKOV IVAN
Published: November 2007

Letters to the Editor are welcomed for publication (subject to editing). Letters must be signed by all authors, and must not exceed two pages of text including references. Letters should not duplicate material submitted or published in other journals. Prepublication proofs will not be provided.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: RCAS1 Decidual Immunoreactivity and RCAS1 Serum Level During Cesarean Section with Respect to the Progression of Labor
Authors: Wicherek Lukasz , Basta Pawel , Galazka Krystyna , Mak Pawel , Dancewicz Lukasz , Kalinka Jaroslaw
Published: November 2007

Problem

RCAS1 (a receptor‐binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells) is a membrane protein present also in a soluble form that seems to be responsible for the suppression of the cytotoxic immune response during gestation. The present study evaluates the decidual immunoreactivity level of RCAS1 and the serum level of RCAS1 with respect to the progression of labor at the time of cesarean section.

Method of study

RCAS1 immunoreactivity was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 47 decidual samples, and the RCAS1 serum level was established in 47 blood serum samples derived from patients on whom cesarean sections were performed. The patients were divided into three groups according to the progression of their labor at the time when the cesarean was performed.

Results

The highest RCAS1 serum concentration and the highest RCAS1 decidual immunoreactivity were found in patients on whom cesarean sections were performed during advanced labor and were statistically, significantly higher than in cases where cesarean sections were performed without labor or after the spontaneous beginning of labor.

Conclusion

Alterations in the RCAS1 serum and decidua levels seem to be associated with immune response changes during the progression of labor.
Validation of the international normalized ratio (INR) in a new point‐of‐care system designed for home monitoring of oral anticoagulation therapy
Authors: PLESCH W. , Van Den BESSELAAR A. M. H. P.
Published: November 2007

The new CoaguChek XS system is designed for use in patient self testing with a measuring range from 0.8 INR up to 8.0 INR, which has been calibrated against the mean INR of rTF/95 and ERM‐AD149. This study was performed to confirm the correct INR results received from two routinely manufactured lots of test strips when compared with the international reference preparations (IRP) rTF/95 and ERM‐AD149. At one study site capillary and noncitrated venous whole blood samples from 20 normal donors and 62 anticoagulated patients were applied to two test strip lots of the new system in duplicate. Additionally blood was collected in citrate tubes, processed to plasma, and PT results were obtained using rTF/95 and ERM‐AD149 by the manual tilt tube method. Method comparisons of the INR results of the CoaguChek XS system vs. the mean INR of the IRP demonstrated a mean relative bias of −0.02% to −0.4%, mean absolute relative deviations of 6.4–9.6%, and accuracy observing >95% of CoaguChek XS INR within limits of ±14% to ±21.5% to the mean INR of the IRP. The results of the study confirm the successful calibration of two lots of the new CoaguChek XS system, demonstrate the validity of the calibration concept and prove the accuracy of the new system in comparison with the IRP. Clinical decisions in oral anticoagulation therapy may be reliably made upon the INR results of the new system.
Molecular techniques in cytopathology practice
Authors: Schmitt F C , Longatto-Filho A , Valent A , Vielh P
Published: November 2007

In the last decade, new molecular techniques were introduced into pathology laboratories. Cytology also benefited from the innovations emerging from this new era. Molecular cytopathology (MCP) can be defined as molecular studies applied on all types of cytological specimens, namely gynaecology cytology, exfoliative non- gynaecology cytology and fine needle aspirates. The development of many new ancillary techniques has paralleled the emergence of clinical cytology as a major diagnostic specialty. Clinical applications of these techniques have been growing in the last decade. The widespread acceptance of liquid-based systems in gynaecological cytology emphasises the relation between cells and molecules. The increased use of morphology and molecular biology in human papillomavirus-induced lesions for example, showed the potential to optimise, in one single brushed sample, diagnosis and research. Cytology samples from serous effusions, the pulmonary tree, urine, and aspirations, among others, are now likely to be studied by different molecular techniques for diagnosis, prognosis, or even assessment of therapeutic targets. In this review, the main published results concerning the application of molecular techniques in different fields of cytopathology are highlighted, and their applications discussed.
Bone marrow micrometastasis in breast cancer: review of detection methods, prognostic impact and biological issues
Authors: Vincent-Salomon A , Bidard F C , Pierga J Y
Published: November 2007

Immunocytochemical detection of disseminated tumour cells in the bone marrow of patients with primary breast cancer at surgery has been shown to be an independent prognostic factor in single institutional studies and in a large pooled analysis. However, bone marrow sampling and assessment of disseminated tumour cells is not a routine procedure in the clinical management of patients with breast cancer, but will certainly play a role in the near future for risk stratification and monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. Accurate identification of disseminated tumour cells in bone marrow must be based on standardised methodologies and procedures. This review describes these methodologies and the standardised morphological criteria used for disseminated tumour cell detection. The prognostic value of circulating tumour cells detection in peripheral blood is demonstrated in patients with metastatic disease but remains to be substantiated at early stage. The significance of disseminated tumour cells in bone marrow and in the blood for the prediction of response to therapy is briefly summarised. Finally, this review addresses the main biological questions raised by disseminated tumour cells, in particular understanding tumour dormancy and identifying metastatic stem cells.
A new genus of Hyphomycetes with teleomorphs in the Sarcoscyphaceae (Pezizales, Sarcoscyphineae)
Authors: Paden John W.
Published: November 2007

Molliardiomyces, a new genus of the Hyphomycetes, is described for anamorphic states of some species of the Sarcoscyphaceae (Pezizales, Sarcoscyphineae): Sarcoscypha coccinea, S. occidentalis, Phillipsia domingensis, P. guatemalensis, P. lutea, Pithya cupressina, and Nanoscypha tetraspora. Conidiophores are erect to repent or submerged, monenematous, smooth, hyaline, and irregularly branched or unbranched. Conidia are produced blastically from sympodially proliferating conidiogenous cells. The conidia are smooth, one celled, hyaline or pale yellow, subglobose, ellipsoidal or obovate, with granular contents or containing small oil drops, with bases truncate or rounded, and with or without a frill. Nutritional requirements for production of conidia varied markedly from species to species. Germination of the conidia has not been observed.
Character analysis, phylogeny, and classification of the moss genus Pohlia
Authors: Shaw Jonathan
Published: November 2007

Forty-one Pohlia taxa coded for their expression of 36 qualitative morphological characters are analyzed using cladistic and phenetic methods. Phenetic approaches include similarity graph clustering and divisive methods utilizing information theoretic criteria. The Wagner Tree parsimony method and character compatibility analysis provide estimates of cladistic relationships. Four major lineages within the genus differ primarily in sporophyte characters, with specific differences based largely on gametophytic features. Peristome simplification may have occurred several times within Pohlia. An infrageneric classification is proposed with diagnostic descriptions and nomenclature provided.
A 4/3-APPROXIMATION ALGORITHM FOR CASSETTE PACKING IN STEEL INDUSTRY
Authors: HWANG HARK-CHIN
Published: November 2007

In packing steel products of coils into cassettes, we need to consider both the width and weight capacity of cassettes. Each coil has weight in (0, 1/3] and width in (1/6, 1/3] when scaling both the weight and width capacities to 1. With the objective of minimizing the number of cassettes to pack the coils, the problem is modeled by two-dimensional vector packing. To efficiently pack the coils having sizes specified by the ranges, we develop a 4/3-approximation algorithm.
WKB APPROXIMATION AND EFFECT OF SPIN ON THE BLACK HOLE ENTROPY
Authors: LI GU-QIANG
Published: November 2007

The black hole entropy due to spin fields are calculated by using brick-wall model. The appearance of the logarithmic terms is demonstrated and we specially deal with the subleading logarithmic term which exists for any spin fields. It is shown that the subleading logarithmic term is related to the use of WKB approximation but it usually includes not only a quadratic term and a linear term of the spin but also a zero-power term of the spin.
The Pelican and its Ungrateful Children: The Construction and Evolution of the Image of Dutch Rebelliousness in Golden Age Spain
Authors: Pérez Yolanda Rodríguez
Published: November 2007

The Dutch Revolt fundamentally changed the Spanish image of the Dutch. From ideal subjects, they became a pack of rebels and heretics who wished to liberate themselves from the so-called Spanish yoke. Of course, the Dutch and the Spanish viewed the Dutch Revolt very differently. What for the Dutch was a matter of resistance against an oppressive prince was in Spanish eyes an "extraordinary rebellion" against a merciful king, who like a protective pelican, treated his subjects as his own children. This essay studies the origins of and changes in the Spanish image of rebelliousness and heresy during the sixteenth and the beginning of the seventeenth century, but also Dutch perspectives. Spaniards were well aware of the arguments put forth by the Netherlanders to defend their revolt, as we will see by analyzing Pedro Cornejo's Antiapología, written in response to Orange's Apology (1581).
Spectacle and Spin for a Spurned Prince. Civic Strategies in the Entry Ceremonies of the Duke of Anjou in Antwerp, Bruges and Ghent (1582)
Authors: van Bruaene Anne-Laure
Published: November 2007

In 1582, the Catholic duke of Anjou toured the Southern Low Countries in order to be recognised by the major rebel cities as the new sovereign of the Netherlands. The obligation of an entry ceremony, the first organised for a sovereign since 1549, burdened the Calvinist urban governments with a very difficult task. At the same time, the ceremonies offered a great opportunity for local propaganda. In this article, the local agendas and varying strategies of the city governments of Antwerp, Bruges and Ghent are compared. Special attention is paid to the printed accounts of these entry ceremonies. From a methodological point of view, it is argued that it is crucial to consider these accounts as cultural objects—from pamphlets to luxury commemoration books—that themselves played an essential role in the construction of the events, often in a very subtle way.
Genome-wide changes in expression profile of murine endogenous retroviruses (MuERVs) in distant organs after burn injury
Authors: Lee Young-Kwan , Chew Alex , Fitzsimon Lauren , Thomas Rita , Greenhalgh David , Cho Kiho
Published: November 2007

Background

Previous studies have shown that burn-elicited stress signals alter expression of certain murine endogenous retroviruses (MuERVs) in distant organs of mice. These findings suggest that MuERVs may participate in a network of pathophysiologic events during post-burn systemic response. To gain a better understanding of the biological roles of MuERVs in post-burn systemic response, we examined the genome-wide changes in the MuERV expression profiles in distant organs and the biological properties of the putative-burn related MuERVs were characterized.

Results

Female C57BL/6J mice were subjected to an approximately 18 % total body surface area flame burn and tissues (liver, lung, and kidney) were harvested at 3 hours and 24 hours after injury. The changes in the MuERV expression profiles in these tissues were examined by RT-PCR using a primer set flanking the non-ecotropic MuERV U3 promoter region within the 3' long terminal repeat. There were differential changes in the expression profiles of MuERV U3 regions after injury in all three tissues examined. Subsequently, a total of 31 unique U3 promoter sequences were identified from the tissues of both burn and no burn mice. An analysis of viral tropisms revealed that putative MuERVs harboring these U3 promoter sequences were presumed to be either xenotropic or polytropic. Some putative transcription regulatory elements were present predominantly in U3 promoter sequences isolated from burn and no burn mice, respectively. In addition, in silico mapping using these U3 sequences as a probe against the mouse genome database identified 59 putative MuERVs. The biological properties (coding potentials for retroviral polypeptides, primer binding sites, tropisms, branching ages, recombination events, and neighboring host genes) of each putative MuERV were characterized. In particular, 16 putative MuERVs identified in this study retained intact coding potentials for all three retroviral polypeptides (gag, pol, and env). None of the putative MuERVs identified in this study were mapped to the coding sequences of host genes.

Conclusion

In this study, we identified and characterized putative MuERVs whose expression might be altered in response to burn-elicited systemic stress signals. Further investigation is needed to understand the role of these MuERVs in post-burn systemic pathogenesis, in particular, via characterization of their interaction with host genes, MuERV gene products, and viral activities.
LGMD2I in a North American population
Authors: Kang Peter B , Feener Chris A , Estrella Elicia , Thorne Marielle , White Alexander J , Darras Basil T , Amato Anthony A , Kunkel Louis M
Published: November 2007

Background

There is a marked variation in clinical phenotypes that have been associated with mutations in FKRP, ranging from severe congenital muscular dystrophies to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2I (LGMD2I).

Methods

We screened the FKRP gene in two cohorts totaling 87 patients with the LGMD phenotype.

Results

The c.826C>A, p.L276I mutation was present in six patients and a compound heterozygote mutation in a seventh patient. Six patients had a mild LGMD2I phenotype, which resembles that of Becker muscular dystrophy. The other patient had onset before the age of 3 years, and thus may follow a more severe course.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that LGMD2I may be common in certain North American populations. This diagnosis should be considered early in the evaluation of LGMD.
Role of HIV-1 subtype C envelope V3 to V5 regions in viral entry, coreceptor utilization and replication efficiency in primary T-lymphocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages
Authors: Sundaravaradan Vasudha , Das Suman R , Ramakrishnan Rajesh , Sehgal Shobha , Gopalan Sarla , Ahmad Nafees , Jameel Shahid
Published: November 2007

Background

Several subtypes of HIV-1 circulate in infected people worldwide, including subtype B in the United States and subtype C in Africa and India. To understand the biological properties of HIV-1 subtype C, including cellular tropism, virus entry, replication efficiency and cytopathic effects, we reciprocally inserted our previously characterized envelope V3–V5 regions derived from 9 subtype C infected patients from India into a subtype B molecular clone, pNL4-3. Equal amounts of the chimeric viruses were used to infect T-lymphocyte cell lines (A3.01 and MT-2), coreceptor cell lines (U373-MAGI-CCR5/CXCR4), primary blood T-lymphocytes (PBL) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM).

Results

We found that subtype C envelope V3–V5 region chimeras failed to replicate in T-lymphocyte cell lines but replicated in PBL and MDM. In addition, these chimeras were able to infect U373MAGI-CD4+-CCR5+ but not U373MAGI-CD4+-CXCR4+ cell line, suggesting CCR5 coreceptor utilization and R5 phenotypes. These subtype C chimeras were unable to induce syncytia in MT-2 cells, indicative of non-syncytium inducing (NSI) phenotypes. More importantly, the subtype C envelope chimeras replicated at higher levels in PBL and MDM compared with subtype B chimeras and isolates. Furthermore, the higher levels subtype C chimeras replication in PBL and MDM correlated with increased virus entry in U373MAGI-CD4+-CCR5+.

Conclusion

Taken together, these results suggest that the envelope V3 to V5 regions of subtype C contributed to higher levels of HIV-1 replication compared with subtype B chimeras, which may contribute to higher viral loads and faster disease progression in subtype C infected individuals than other subtypes as well as rapid HIV-1 subtype C spread in India.
Gait analysis in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis
Authors: Vincelette Jon , Xu Yifan , Zhang Le-Ning , Schaefer Caralee J , Vergona Ronald , Sullivan Mark E , Hampton Thomas G , Wang Yi-Xin
Published: November 2007

Murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) has become a valuable animal model for elucidating pathogenic mechanisms and evaluating therapeutic effects for rheumatoid arthritis. Recent advances in digital imaging and computer technology have enabled gait analysis to develop into a powerful tool for objectively detecting functional deficits in human and animal models. The present study explored the use of non-invasive video-capture gait analysis in the evaluation of a murine CIA model. CIA was induced in 45 female DBA/1LacJ mice (8 to 10 weeks old) by immunization with lyophilized bovine articular type II collagen. Gait parameters were determined by ventral plane videography and were correlated to traditional arthritis clinical scores. Our results showed that increases in clinical scores that measure the severity of CIA corresponded to changes in multiple gait parameters that reflect both morphologic (increases in paw area) and functional (increase in stride frequency, decrease in stride length, hind-limb paw placement angle, as well as stride, stance, and braking times) deficits. Our work indicated that the non-invasive video-capture device may be used as a simple and objective data acquisition system for quantifying gait disturbances in CIA mice for the investigation of mechanisms and the evaluation of therapeutic agents.
The Rhythm of the Urban Soundscape
Authors: De Coensel Bert , Botteldooren Dick
Published: November 2007

The influence of noise on the quality of the urban living environment has traditionally been studied focusing on negative effects on man, such as noise annoyance and sleep disturbance. Recently a more holistic approach, including positive and negative aspects as well as non-residential functions of the urban environment, has gained renewed interest. The label “urban soundscape” is often used to refer to this approach. Research towards selection and quantification of the acoustic descriptors of the urban soundscape is, however, still in an early stage. This paper draws on the analogy with music and self-organization to propose an indicator for studying the temporal structure of the urban soundscape. Applicability is illustrated by drawing a map of music-likeness of the soundscape in an urban area.
Combined near-infrared and X-ray diffraction investigation of the octahedral sheet composition of palygorskite
Authors: Gionis Vassilis , Kacandes George H. , Kastritis Ioannis D. , Chryssikos Georgios D.
Published: November 2007

The octahedral composition of palygorskite in more than 300 samples from the Pefkaki deposit, W. Macedonia, Greece, has been studied by near-infrared (NIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and evaluated according to the formula <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:c="http://cambridge.org/core/content" xmlns:core="http://cambridge.org/core" xmlns:m="http://cambridge.org/core/metadata" xmlns:cup="http://contentservices.cambridge.org" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mnf="http://cambridge.org/core/manifest">yMg5Si8O20(OH)2⋅xMg2Fe2IIISi8O20(OH)2⋅(1−x−y) Mg2Al2Si8O20(OH)2. Included in the study were PFl-1 and several commercial palygorskites. Our analysis of 2nd derivative NIR spectra shows that the dioctahedral composition is adequately described by three sharp overtone bands representing AlAlOH, AlFeIIIOH and FeIIIFeIIIOH in M2 dioctahedral sites, and that the summed intensity of these bands is proportional to the amount of dioctahedral component present (1−y). The samples show large variations in the degree of dioctahedral FeIII-for-Al substitution with FeIII occupying up to 70% of the dioctahedral M2 sites. Ternary analysis shows that the distribution of dioctahedral Al and FeIII is not random, but displays a tendency towards homoionic pairing. An overtone band at 7214 cm−1 and several combination bands are indicative of a trioctahedral Mg3OH component (y), and their appearance correlates with a distinct palygorskite signature in thermogravimetric analysis. Nevertheless, these bands cannot be used reliably for the quantification of a trioctahedral palygorskite component due to their close similarity to those of sepiolite. To circumvent this problem, we have evaluated y indirectly by calculating the difference between 1−y and the total concentration of palygorskite determined by the normalized intensity of the d110 XRD peak of palygorskite at 10.4 Å. Using this methodology, we have found that the samples conform to a trioctahedral limit of y ≈ 0.55, although within this limit they display large variations in octahedral character. Finally, we extend the above methodology to PLS chemometrics and show how NIR can be used to determine palygorskite content routinely in multimineralic geological samples.
Crystallization of ‘pocket’ berthierine from the Pulsifer granitic pegmatite, Poland, Maine, USA
Authors: Wise Michael A.
Published: November 2007

A new occurrence of berthierine has been found in the Pulsifer granitic pegmatite, near Auburn, Maine. Berthierine was found in miarolitic cavities (‘pockets’) as aggregates of radial platy crystals with albite, as fracture-fillings in microcline and as fine-grained anhedral flakes with muscovite. Berthierine samples from all associations are depleted in Mg, but show variable enrichment in Mn. The textural relationships of the berthierine assemblage indicate that its formation is probably related to the dissolution of microcline in the presence of a low-temperature, neutral to alkaline, Fe-rich hydrothermal solution. This mode of occurrence is in direct contrast to the typical formation of berthierine in granitic pegmatites that is generally related to the alteration of cordierite-group minerals.
Addressing a Risk Perspective when Considering Digitization as a Preservation Reformatting Method: A Response from “Down Under”
Authors: Adams David , Brown Heather , Fenton Andy , Griffiths Pat , Munro Toni
Published: November 2007

This important report from the ARL Preservation of Research Library Materials Committee stimulated a thought provoking discussion “down under” when a group of five Australasian reformatting professionals recently held a teleconference to discuss its findings. The following is an overview of our collective discussions.
Why the Preservation Community Should Support ARL's Call for Acceptance of Digitization as a Preservation Reformatting Method
Authors: Merrill-Oldham Jan , Chapman Stephen
Published: November 2007

What does it mean to preserve the collections that are amassed in the world's libraries? Our long-standing response to that deceptively simple question is probably still valid: to preserve is to keep information resources safe from decay, destruction, and loss; to ensure that they are findable; and thus to promote their use. Preservation strategies for books and journals achieve these goals through the implementation of procedures that improve the condition of an object or produce one or more usable copies accurately described in a library union catalog.
Caracterização isoenzimática de clones e somaclones de cana-de-açúcar
Authors: Sawazaki Haiko Enok , Silvarolla Maria Bernadete , Alvarez Raphael
Published: November 2007

Foram caracterizados os padrões de isoenzimas de peroxidase e esterase de extrato de folha e raiz de cana-de-açúcar de variedade e somaclones de NA56-79 aos 7 meses de idade e de variedades e somaclones de NA56-79, IAC68-12 e IAC68-144 aos 9 meses. Avaliaram-se também as atividades específicas de peroxidase com relação ao tempo e perfil isoenzimático das três variedades e respectivos somaclones. Os zimogramas de peroxidase e esterase de folhas mostraram diferenças distintas entre as três variedades; a esterase apresentou menor número de bandas em relação à peroxidase, porém de mais fácil caracterização. Os zimogramas de raízes, devido à grande variação de atividade enzimática, em conseqüência de raízes velhas, não foram conclusivos quanto à identificação das variedades. Não ocorreram diferenças nos zimogramas de peroxidase ou esterase entre somaclones da mesma variedade. NA56-79 apresentou menor número de isoenzimas e menor atividade especifica de peroxidase em relação à IAC68-144, sugerindo que a diminuição das isoenzimas seja associada ao decréscimo de atividade enzimática. A atividade especifica de peroxidase variou com a maturação, sendo a 9 meses maior do que a 7.
Capacidade de produção de grãos e óleo em linhagens e cultivares de amendoim
Authors: Godoy Ignácio José de , Pereira José Carlos Vila Nova Alves , Martins Antonio Lucio Mello
Published: November 2007

Avaliaram-se doze linhagens de amendoim pertencentes à coleção de germoplasma do Instituto Agronômico e os cultivares Tatuí e Tatu, este usado como controle, quanto ao teor de óleo e à produtividade de grãos e de óleo em experimentos conduzidos durante o plantio das águas de 1983/84, 1984/85 e 1985/86 no Centro Experimental de Campinas; de 1983/84 e 1985/86 na Estação Experimental de Pindorama, e de 1985/86 na Estação Experimental de Ribeirão Preto. A maioria do material incluído nas avaliações apresentou, no mínimo, o mesmo nível de produtividade do controle, cv. Tatu - 2.154kg/ha - constituindo material promissor para inclusão nos trabalhos de melhoramento. Destacaram-se em produtividade de grãos e de óleo as linhagens 5567 e Ca-34 e o cv. Tatuí. A 269 apresentou o maior teor de óleo nas sementes, 50,5%, contra 47,2% do controle. Os resultados obtidos mostraram casos em que o teor de óleo nas sementes influenciou o desempenho relativo do material em termos de produção de óleo por área. Isso indica que o teor de óleo deve ser levado em consideração, pelo menos quando da escolha dos pais para os cruzamentos ou nas últimas fases de seleção das linhagens.
Densidade global de solos medida com anel volumétrico e por cachimbagem de terra fina seca ao ar
Authors: Van Raij Bernardo , Grohmann Francisco
Published: November 2007

Em laboratórios de rotina de fertilidade do solo, a medida de quantidade de terra para análise é feita em volume, mediante utensílios chamados "cachimbos", que permitem medir volumes de terra. Admite-se que essas medidas reflitam a quantidade de terra existente em volume de solo similar em condições de campo. Essa hipótese foi avaliada neste trabalho, por doze amostras dos horizontes A e B de seis perfis de solos. A densidade em condições de campo foi avaliada por anel volumétrico e, no laboratório, por meio de cachimbos de diversos tamanhos. A cachimbagem revelou-se bastante precisa. Os valores de densidade global calculada variaram de 0,63 a 1,46g/cm³ para medidas de campo e de 0,91 a 1,33g/cm³ para medidas com cachimbos. Portanto, a medida de laboratório subestimou valores altos de densidade e deu resultados mais elevados para valores de campo mais baixos.
Hepatite infecciosa canina: 62 casos
Authors: Inkelmann Maria A. , Rozza Daniela B. , Fighera Rafael A. , Kommers Glaucia D. , Graça Dominguita L. , Irigoyen Luiz F. , Barros Claudio S.L.
Published: November 2007

Os protocolos de necropsias realizadas em 5.361 cães durante um período de 43 anos (1964-2006) foram revisados em busca de casos de hepatite infecciosa canina (HIC) e sessenta e dois (1,2%) casos foram encontrados. A maioria dos 62 cães afetados tinha dois anos de idade ou menos (91,9%). Os sinais clínicos foram anotados nos protocolos de necropsia de 45 cães afetados por HIC e incluíam anorexia (55,6%), apatia (35,6%), diarréia (35,6%), freqüentemente com sangue (43,8% dos casos de diarréia), distúrbios neurológicos (33,3%), vômito (26,7%), petéquias e equimoses nas membranas mucosas e/ou pele (24,4%), hipotermia (20,0%), dor abdominal (15,6%), icterícia (13,3%), aumento de volume e congestão das tonsilas (11,1%), febre (11,1%) e ascite (6,7%). A duração do curso clínico variou de poucas horas a 15 dias. Os principais achados de necropsia incluíram alterações hepáticas (87,1%), linfonodos edematosos, congestos e hemorrágicos (51,6%), líquido sanguinolento, líquido claro ou sangue na cavidade abdominal (35,5%), víbices, sufusões e petéquias sobre a pleura visceral (27,4%) e superfície serosa das vísceras gastrintestinais (24,2%). Em 12,9% dos casos a serosa do intestino tinha aspecto granular. Hemorragias cerebrais nas leptomeninges e na substância do encéfalo foram observadas em 9,7% dos casos. As alterações hepáticas macroscópicas incluíam fígados moderadamente aumentados de volume, mais friáveis, com acentuação do padrão lobular, congestos e com múltiplos focos de necrose pálidos ou hemorrágicos. Películas e filamentos de fibrina cobriam a superfície hepática em 20,4% dos casos e em 27,8% dos casos a parede da vesícula biliar estava espessada por edema. Necrose hepática zonal ou aleatória (93,5% dos casos) associada a corpúsculos de inclusão intranucleares foi a lesão histológica mais regularmente encontrada. Os corpúsculos de inclusão intranucleares ocorreram no fígado em todos os casos e esse foi o critério para confirmação do diagnóstico. As lesões histológicas extra-hepáticas mais importantes incluíram hemorragias e corpúsculos de inclusão em células endoteliais do tufo glomerular renal (50,0%) dos linfonodos (47,8%) , do encéfalo (27,8%), das tonsilas (25,0%) e do baço (10,0%).
Battarrea stevenii (Libosch.) Fr. (Tulostomataceae), um raro fungo xerófilo: primeiro registro para o Brasil
Authors: Silva Bianca Denise Barbosa , Leite Anileide Gomes , Baseia Iuri Goulart
Published: November 2007

Battarrea stevenii, uma rara espécie ocorrente em regiões áridas, é descrita macro- e microscopicamente pela primeira vez para o Brasil e comparada com a espécie similar Battarrea phalloides.
Composição e variação sazonal da riqueza do fitoplâncton na foz de rios do delta do Jacuí, RS, Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Silvia Corrêa , Torgan Lezilda , Schwarzbold Albano
Published: November 2007

Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever e comparar a composição e riqueza do fitoplâncton na foz dos rios Gravataí, Sinos, Caí e Jacuí, durante as quatro estações do ano. A investigação baseou-se em amostragens realizadas bimestralmente na subsuperfície da água, no período de dezembro/2000 a dezembro/2001. A comunidade fitoplanctônica, na foz dos quatro rios, esteve composta por 470 espécies (incluindo as não determinadas), 135 gêneros e nove classes taxonômicas. Chlorophyceae e Bacillariophyceae foram as classes mais representativas em número de espécies. A alta riqueza está, provavelmente, associada à ocorrência de reservatórios e banhados no curso superior destes rios e à presença de áreas úmidas na planície de inundação do delta do Jacuí. A temperatura e o nível fluviométrico foram os principais fatores determinantes da variação sazonal da composição e riqueza da comunidade fitoplanctônica.
Estudo da excreção urinária de cálcio, potássio e sódio com o emprego de citrato de potássio na hipercalciúria idiopática na criança
Authors: Trindade Amélia Arcângela T. , Macedo Célia Sperandeo , Riyuzo Márcia Camegaçava , Padovani Carlos Roberto , Bastos Herculano Dias
Published: November 2007

OBJETIVO: Estudar as relações entre a excreção urinária de cálcio, sódio e potássio e a associação sódio/potássio urinários em crianças com hipercalciúria idiopática em dieta habitual, antes e depois da administração de citrato de potássio na dose de 1mEq/kg/dia. MÉTODOS: Foram estudadas prospectivamente 26 crianças: 19 (73%) meninos e sete (27%) meninas com idade entre dois e 13 anos, portadores de hipercalciúria idiopática recém-diagnosticada por dosagem de cálcio em urina de 24 horas >4mg/kg/dia. O citrato de potássio foi administrado na dose de 1mEq/kg/dia. Foram realizadas dosagens séricas e em urina de 24 horas de cálcio (Ca), potássio(K), sódio (Na) e creatinina (Cr), antes e 15 dias depois da administração diária do citrato de potássio. Para comparar os resultados de cálcio/creatinina (Ca/Cr), potássio/creatinina (K/Cr) e sódio/potássio (Na/K) urinários nos dois momentos, aplicou-se o teste não-paramétrico de Wilcoxon. Para a análise das associações entre Ca/Cr e K/Cr e entre Ca/Cr e Na/Cr foi utilizado o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Considerou-se significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Após o uso de citrato de potássio, ocorreu significativa redução da calciúria e da relação Na/K urinários, bem como elevação na caliúria. Não houve modificação da excreção urinária de sódio. CONCLUSÕES: Em dieta habitual, o citrato de potássio eleva a caliúria e diminui a calciúria em criança hipercalciúricas, sendo um eficaz recurso terapêutico.
Efeitos da estimulação da sucção não-nutritiva na idade de início da alimentação via oral em recém-nascidos pré-termo
Authors: Neiva Flávia Cristina B. , Leone Cléa Rodrigues
Published: November 2007

OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos da estimulação da sucção não-nutritiva (SNN) sobre a idade de início da alimentação via oral (VO) em recém-nascidos pré-termo (RNPT). MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 95 RNPT, com idade gestacional (IG) de nascimento <33 semanas, nascidos no Berçário Anexo à Maternidade do Hospital das Clínicas, Serviço de Pediatria Clínica, Intensiva e Neonatal do Instituto da Criança da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP). Estes foram distribuídos em três grupos: Grupo 1, grupo controle, sem estimulação; Grupo 2, estimulação da SNN com chupeta ortodôntica Nuk® para prematuros; e Grupo 3, estimulação da SNN com dedo enluvado. RESULTADOS: Os RN tinham IG ao nascer de 26 a 32,7 semanas (30,5±1,6), IG corrigida ao entrar no estudo de 27,4 a 33 semanas (31,6±1,3) e peso de nascimento médio de 1.390g, sem diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos. Os RN do G2 e G3, com IG de entrada no estudo <32 semanas, iniciaram a alimentação VO mais precocemente do que os do grupo controle, no qual a idade ao iniciar VO foi de 34 semanas. Dentre os RN com estimulação da SNN, quanto menor a IG corrigida ao entrar no estudo, mais precoce foi o início da alimentação VO. CONCLUSÕES: A estimulação da SNN antecipou o início da alimentação VO, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento motor-oral e maturação do RN.
Parotidite recorrente da infância
Authors: Bricks Lucia Ferro , Rollo José Pedro G. A. , Sugimoto Suzanne Cristina
Published: November 2007

OBJETIVO: Descrever um caso de parotidite recorrente em criança e revisar a abordagem clínica desse problema. DESCRIÇÃO DE CASO: Paciente de seis anos, masculino, encaminhado ao ambulatório de pediatria para avaliação após ter apresentado dois episódios de parotidite, sendo o último tratado com cefalexina. Entre os episódios de parotidite tinha exame físico normal. Foram afastadas as causas infecciosas, obstrutivas e imunodeficiências, mas a criança evoluiu com episódios recorrentes de dor e edema em região parotídea. COMENTÁRIOS: A parotidite recorrente é uma doença rara, de incidência desconhecida, que apesar de causar substancial morbidade, tem bom prognóstico com tratamento conservador.
Transporte intra-hospitalar de pacientes internados em UTI Neonatal: fatores de risco para intercorrências
Authors: Vieira Anna Luiza P. , Guinsburg Ruth , Santos Amélia Miyashiro N. , Peres Clóvis de Araújo , Lora Mayra Ivanoff , Miyoshi Milton Harumi
Published: November 2007

OBJETIVO: Estudar os fatores associados à hipotermia e ao aumento da necessidade de oxigênio e/ou suporte ventilatório durante o transporte intra-hospitalar de pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva neonatal. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo de todos os pacientes internados na unidade neonatal que necessitaram de transporte intra-hospitalar de janeiro de 1997 a dezembro de 2000, entre segundas-feiras e sextas-feiras, das 8h às 17h. Fatores associados à hipotermia e ao aumento da necessidade de oxigênio e/ou de suporte ventilatório durante e até duas horas após o transporte foram estudados por meio de regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Foram realizados 502 transportes no período. Os pacientes tinham em média 2.000g, 35 semanas de idade gestacional ao nascer e 22 dias de vida. As principais indicações do transporte foram: cirurgia e realização de exames de imagem. A hipotermia ocorreu em 17% dos transportes e o aumento da necessidade de oxigênio e/ou de suporte ventilatório em 7%. Fatores associados à hipotermia foram: duração do transporte >3h (OR=2,1; IC95%=1,2-3,6), presença de malformações neurológicas (OR=1,7; IC95%=1,1-2,5), transporte realizado em 1997 (OR=1,7; IC95%=1,1-2,6) e peso no transporte >3.500g (OR=0,3; IC95%=0,16-0,68). Fatores de risco para o aumento da necessidade de oxigênio e/ou de suporte ventilatório foram: idade gestacional ao nascimento em semanas (OR=0,9; IC95%=0,8-0,9), idade em dias no transporte (OR=1,0; IC95%=1,0-1,1) e presença de malformações gastrintestinais e geniturinárias (OR=3,1; IC95%=1,6-6,2). CONCLUSÕES: As intercorrências relativas ao transporte intra-hospitalar são freqüentes nos neonatos em UTI e estão associadas às condições dos pacientes e dos transportes.
Alterações orofaciais em doenças alérgicas de vias aéreas
Authors: Branco Anete , Ferrari Giesela Fleischer , Weber Silke Anna T.
Published: November 2007

OBJETIVO: Apontar as possíveis alterações orofaciais decorrentes do sintoma "obstrução nasal" em pacientes portadores de doenças alérgicas de vias aéreas superiores, por meio de revisão de literatura. FONTES DE DADOS: Levantamento bibliográfico utilizando bancos de dados eletrônicos, como Medline, Ovid, SciELO e Lilacs, com as palavras-chave "asthma", "rhinitis" e "mouth breathing", abrangendo os 30 últimos anos. Foram incluídos artigos de revisão, estudos observacionais e ensaios clínicos. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A obstrução nasal é encontrada freqüentemente em doenças alérgicas de vias aéreas, como rinite e asma. A respiração bucal decorrente da obstrução nasal pode interferir de maneira direta no desenvolvimento infantil, com alterações no crescimento do crânio e orofacial, na fala, na alimentação, na postura corporal, na qualidade do sono e no desempenho escolar. CONCLUSÕES: Devido à variedade de alterações orofaciais encontradas na criança respiradora bucal decorrente de obstrução nasal por doenças alérgicas de vias aéreas, é necessário realizar diagnóstico e tratamento precoces por uma equipe multidisciplinar, composta por médico, ortodontista e fonoaudiólogo, contemplando a visão de uma via respiratória única, que traz conseqüências ao crescimento e desenvolvimento do sistema motor oral.
Cambios de tiempo y espacio/cambios sociales, bajo el impacto de la modernización
Authors: Woortmann Ellen
Published: November 2007

Este articulo tiene como objectivo discutir la relación entre espacio, tiempo e género en el contexto de comunidades pescadoras del Nordeste de Brasil. Centra-se en el analizis de essas categorias hacia la ótica femenina, destacando las transformaciones negativas ocurridas en el universo de género face a la modernización en general y el turismo en especial.
Perfil das gestantes cadastradas nas equipes de saúde da família da 13ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Malfatti Carlos Ricardo Maneck , Assunção Ari Nunes , Moura Rosylaine , Burgos Miria Suzana , Ehle Liviéle Daiane
Published: November 2007

Esta pesquisa objetiva descrever o perfil das gestantes na 13ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde (2003) nas dimensões do acompanhamento de pré-natal, imunizações e gestantes com menos de 20 anos. O estudo é do tipo descritivo-exploratório. Dentre as mulheres grávidas menores de 20 anos, destacam-se as dos municípios de Candelária (53,3%), Herveiras (50,0%), Venâncio Aires (30%) e Santa Cruz do Sul (28,9%). Quanto ao percentual de realização de imunizações, exceto Santa Cruz do Sul (74,7%) e Venâncio Aires (72,5%), os outros foram superiores a 85%. Santa Cruz do Sul e Venâncio Aires também apresentaram os mais baixos percentuais para pré-natal. Na realização de pré-natal no 1º trimestre, exceto Mato Leitão e Herveiras (94,1% e 94,6%, respectivamente), o restante dos municípios apresentaram percentuais abaixo de 77%. Estes dados sugerem ações mais eficazes no campo da saúde preventiva, o que poderia atenuar os níveis elevados de gestantes menores de 20 anos nesta região.
Cuidados oferecidos pelas creches: percepções de mães e educadoras
Authors: Bógus Cláudia Maria , Nogueira-Martins Maria Cezira Fantini , Moraes Denise Ely Belloto de , Taddei José Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo
Published: November 2007

OBJETIVOS: Este estudo teve como objetivos: a) conhecer as percepções de mães de crianças de zero a dois anos sobre os cuidados desenvolvidos pelas creches freqüentadas por seus filhos; b) conhecer as percepções das educadoras sobre o seu papel nos cuidados oferecidos às crianças e suas famílias. MÉTODOS: Foi utilizada a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, com aplicação da técnica do grupo focal. Foram realizados, em creches da Prefeitura do Município de São Paulo, cinco grupos focais com mães e dois com educadoras. RESULTADOS: No material obtido com as mães, foram identificados três eixos temáticos: relações da família com a creche; cuidados prestados à criança pela creche; creche enquanto política pública. Nos grupos das educadoras, os eixos foram: dificuldades dentro das rotinas de trabalho; relação educadora-família; relações com a coordenação da creche; inserção e capacitação profissional. CONCLUSÃO: As mães, por se considerarem privilegiadas em terem acesso às creches, apresentam baixa exigência com relação aos cuidados prestados. O que mais valorizam são os aspectos relacionados com alimentação, higiene e administração de medicamentos. Quanto às educadoras, há grandes limitações quanto às suas condições de trabalho, principalmente no que diz respeito ao pequeno número de profissionais. A relação educadora-família é ambígua: as educadoras ora consideram as mães omissas e irresponsáveis ora as consideram carentes e necessitadas de ajuda. São recomendadas futuras pesquisas sobre dois temas: a relação entre as creches e os serviços de saúde e as condições de trabalho das educadoras.