bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KAJIAN PENGARUH LIMBAH PLASTIK TERHADAP PRILAKU TANAH BERMASALAH DILAPANGAN
Authors: Herman Herman , Widya SR. Widya SR. , Andrea FY. Andrea FY.
Published: July 2021

Salah satu penangan jenis tanah bermasalah dilapangan untuk dijadikan tanah dasar jalan raya adalah dengan mencampur tanah tersebut dengan tanah lain yang gradasi dan mutunya lebih baik. Pekerjaan ini sudah umum dilakukan, pada penelitian ini penulis mencoba menggunakan bahan limbah plastik sebagai bahan pencampur, untuk mengetahui sejauh mana efektifitas bahan limbah plastik ini dapat memperbaiki sifat-sifat tanah bermasalah tersebut.

Limbah plastik yang digunakan adalah kresek bekas dengan ukuran lolos saringan no. 10, persentase campuran adalah 0%, 1%, 2% dan 3% limbah plastik terhadap berat kering tanah. Pengujian dilakukan adalah uji sifat-sifat fisis dan uji sifat-sifat mekanis tanah, baik tanah asli maupun tanah yang telah dicampur dengan limbah plastik.

Hasil pengujian sifat-sifat fisis tanah menunjukan bahwa semakin meningkat persentase limbah plastik didalam tanah, persentase lolos saringan no.200, batas cair (LL), indeks plastisitas (PI) dan specific gravity (Gs) cenderung menurun, sebaliknya nilai batas plastis (PL), batas susut (SL) meningkat. Sedangkan pada uji sifat-sifat mekanis tanah terlihat seiring meningkatnya kandungan limbah platik dalam tanah, tekanan pengembangan turun dan nilai kuat tekan bebas meningkat. Nilai-nilai kepadatan tanah, CBR Laboratorium (soaken, unsoaked), pengembangan, pada awalnya meningkat yaitu sampai pada 1% limbah plastik didalam kandungan tanah dan dengan bertambahnya persentase limbah plastik selanjutnya, nilai-nilai ini menurun.
PROBLEMATIKA PEMENUHAN HAK MENYAMPAIKAN PENDAPAT DAN PELANGGARAN TERHADAP HAK ATAS KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Marlina Tat , Handoko Duwi
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is to find out the problem of fulfilling the right to express opinions and violations of the right to health in Indonesia. This type of research is normative legal research specifically discussing human rights in the field of expressing opinions and rights to health. Data analysis in this study was carried out systematically based on the research problems described qualitatively. In relation to expressing opinions in public, such as demonstrations or demonstrations with many participants, restrictions on freedom are usually associated with "public order" or public orders. The most difficult is how to provide a balance between freedom and public order. Demonstrations by a number of doctors certainly have an impact on patient care, which in principle has harmed the public interest. In addition, the demonstration by blocking the road body certainly hurts the public interest, namely the interests of all road users. Based on the results of Komnas HAM's investigation, at least 15 types of human rights violations were affected by Lapindo mudflow victims. The problem when it is associated with the right to health is in the form of: not a few refugees whose health is disrupted resulting in people falling ill and some dying due to the absence of a proper environment for displaced people; and gas contaminated air and clean water facilities that are damaged are not handled properly by the government.

Keywords: human rights, freedom of opinion, right to health
PERLINDUNGAN KONSTITUSIONAL BAGI PEKERJA INDONESIA MENURUT HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN PADA ERA MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN (MEA)
Authors: Anwar Abdul Hijar
Published: July 2021

At the end of 2015 the Asean Economic Community agreement came into effect which means that there will be a single ASEAN market and production base that has five basic elements, namely a) free flow of goods, b) free flow of services services), c) free flow of investment, d) free flow of capital, and e) free flow of skilled labor. In addition to the five basic elements, the single market and production base must also contain two important components, namely priority integration sectors (PIS) and the development of the food, agriculture and forestry sectors. In terms of the free flow of labor, not all workers can compete, the ASEAN economic community limits only to skilled workers. Through the 2015 ASEAN economic community, there will be job opportunities throughout ASEAN. Job seekers can easily enter and exit from one country to another without any obstacles from the recipient country. However, the ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint limits only to skilled labor and there is no discussion about unskilled labor. In an effort to support the transfer of skilled workers, all ASEAN member countries signed an MRA (Mutual Recognition Arrangement) on November 19, 2007 consisting of 8 MRAs, including engineering services, architectural services, nurse services ( nursing services), medical practitioners, dental practitioners, accountants services, surveying services, and tourism professionals. So it is feared that Indonesian workers do not compete with foreign workers
IMPLEMENTASI CSR PT ASIA FORESTAMA RAYA TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Hasnati Hasnati , Dewi Sandra , Utama Andrew Shandy
Published: July 2021

PT Asia Forestama Raya is a forest product processing factory for the wood industry's raw materials. Based on Article 74 Paragraph (1) of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, it is stipulated that companies that carry out their business activities in the natural resources sector and / or fields related to natural resources are required to implement CSR. In Article 10 of Riau Provincial Regulation Number 6 of 2012 concerning Corporate Social Responsibility in Riau Province, it is stated that CSR programs can take the form of community economic empowerment. This research aims to explain the implementation of PT Asia Forestama Raya's CSR on community economic empowerment during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in this research is socio-legal research. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the public really expected a real contribution from PT Asia Forestama Raya. PT Asia Forestama Raya's obstacle in implementing community economic empowerment in Limbungan Village is that the financial condition of PT Asia Forestama Raya is currently in an unstable state. Efforts that can be made by the people of Limbungan Village if PT Asia Forestama Raya doesn’t carry out a CSR program are to convey their aspirations to Commission IV of DPRD Pekanbaru City. Based on Article 32 of Riau Provincial Regulation Number 6 of 2012 concerning Corporate Social Responsibility in Riau Province, it is stated that if PT Asia Forestama Raya doesn’t carry out CSR towards empowering the community's economy, the company can be subject to administrative sanctions by the Pekanbaru City Government.
PERAN STRATEGIS BADAN PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSUMEN (BPSK) MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Irfansyah Irfansyah
Published: July 2021

Consumer protection is any effort that ensures legal certainty to protect consumers. The legal basis that regulates consumer protection in Indonesia is Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The method used in this research is normative legal research, using a statutory approach. According to Article 45 Paragraph (1) of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, it is emphasized that every consumer who is injured can sue business actors through an institution that is tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through courts within the general court. In order to resolve consumer disputes outside the court, the government is mandated to establish a Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency. In handling and resolving consumer disputes, the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency forms an assembly consisting of at least 3 (three) members representing elements of government, elements of consumers, and elements of business actors. According to Article 54 Paragraph (3) of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, it is confirmed that the decision of the assembly formed by the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency is final and binding. Settlement of disputes through the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency doesn’t eliminate criminal responsibility so that the decision of the assembly formed by the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency is sufficient initial evidence for investigators to carry out investigations.
PENGARUH BIMBINGAN TEKNIK MENYIKAT GIGI TERHADAP STATUS KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT ANAK TUNAGRAHITA
Authors: Eldarita Eldarita , Amanullah Rizqi
Published: July 2021

Dental health education is used as a measuring tool to generate knowledge and awareness that can influence a person's attitudes and habits towards oral and dental hygiene. Low oral health knowledge can be affected to children's attitudes and actions. The study aims to determine the effect of guidance on the technique of brushing teeth on the oral hygiene status of mentally retarded children, the output of this study is expected to be useful as a reference in improving the ability of brushing techniques and oral and dental hygiene. The research design was quasy experimental design with a pre test and post test with control group approach. The study was conducted at SLB Wiyata Dharma 4 Godean Sleman in October 2019. Data analysis using t-test statistical tests. The results showed that there was an increase in knowledge, abilities and status of dental and oral hygiene of mentally retarded children. Statistical test results obtained p value = 0.00 The conclusion of the study was that there was a significant influence between the guidance of brushing teeth on the oral and dental hygiene status of mentally retarded children. It is recommended that mentally retarded children increase awareness and apply brushing knowledge in maintaining oral and dental hygiene.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN KAWASAN PANTAI YANG BERSIH DARI SAMPAH (STUDI KASUS TAPLAU PADANG)
Authors: Candra Yuni , Evanita Susi
Published: July 2021

Waste management so far has not been optimally carried out because it is not in accordance with environmentally sound waste management methods and techniques so that it has a negative impact on the cleanliness of the coastal area and the environment becomes dirty. The waste problem has become a national problem, so that its management needs to be carried out in a comprehensive and integrated manner from upstream to downstream in order to provide economic benefits, be healthy for the community, and safe for the environment, and can change people's behavior. This can be seen from the conditions in Taplau Padang that waste management is still not running optimally. The condition of waste in coastal tourist areas in general has not been managed optimally even though it already has waste management components. In fact, many cleaning managers face problems and obstacles that result in services that are not in accordance with the technical provisions and expectations of tourists. Taking into account the condition of the waste, the activities of throwing garbage to the seaside or littering have been going on for a long time by the people around Taplau Padang. Because some of the garbage has mixed with the ground and a lot of it settles on the beach and around the beach. As a result, there is a view that is not good to see and be seen by tourists who are in Taplau Padang.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TENTANG GABUNGAN TINDAK PIDANA SEBAGAI HAL YANG MEMBERATKAN PIDANA Studi Kasus: Putusan Perkara Nomor:141/Pid.B/2018/PN Mrj (Pencurian)
Authors: Failin Failin
Published: July 2021

In criminal law there is no penalty if there is no wrongdoing, this basis is about the accountability of a person for the actions he has done. Therefore, in criminal law there are exceptions to such criminal liability, for example contained in Articles 48, 49, 50 and so forth. In addition, there are burdensome things that will be imposed on the accused for crimes committed, such as samenloop, recidive and so on. In the Muaro Sijunjung District Court there is one case concerning a combination of criminal acts, namely theft crimes accompanied by violence and moreover this theft is carried out among families (theft in the family). In this case the judge has decided the prison sentence for 6 (six) Years. But according to the analysis of the author there is no sense of justice for the victim because this perpetrator is the husband of the victim's child so that there is no deterrent effect for the perpetrator, the reason that there is no more theft in this family because no matter how small the crime committed by a person must be taken action in order to obtain justice and legal certainty. In principle, judges have the freedom to determine the measure of punishment to be imposed on the perpetrators of crimes, as long as it does not exceed the maximum provisions specified in the Criminal Code. Therefore, the sentencing of the accused for a combination of crimes committed by means of pure absorption Stelsel that is If a person commits several acts that are several delik each threatened with a different kind of criminal
SIKAP BAHASA DAN PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Gusnayetti Gusnayetti
Published: July 2021

A positive attitude is an attitude of enthusiasm towards the use of the language (the language used by the group / speech community where he is). Conversely, if these characteristics have disappeared or weakened from a person or from a group of members of the speech community, it means that a negative attitude towards a language has hit that person or group of people. Law Number 24 of 2009 Article 25 states that Indonesian is a national identity, national pride, a means of unifying various ethnic groups, as well as a means of communication between regions and regional cultures. Therefore, as a user of Indonesian, you should have a sense of pride in using Indonesian. However, in the scope of higher education, a positive attitude towards language is not fully owned by most students. Awareness of loyalty, pride in owning, and maintaining the Indonesian language seems to be lacking. This is because students tend to be more confident when using a foreign language compared to their own language. In the context of learning Indonesian, this task is only borne by Indonesian language teachers and lecturers. This paradigm should be changed because getting used to using Indonesian properly and correctly will reap maximum results in increasing student academic achievement. Understanding Indonesian in accordance with good and correct Indonesian language rules is needed for students to have a positive attitude in using Indonesian. A positive attitude in Indonesian can be shown in the form of language loyalty, language pride, and awareness of language norms.
Malignus májelváltozás képében megjelenő alveolaris echinococcosis három eset bemutatása kapcsán
Authors: Haragh Attila , Magyarosi Debóra , Pap Ákos , Káposztás Zsolt , Bajzik Gábor , Czoma Veronika , Csulak Eszter , Szinku Zsolt , Dezsényi Balázs , Tóth Zoltán , Hunyady Béla
Published: July 2021

A gócos májbetegségek differenciáldiagnosztikája az egyre megbízhatóbb képalkotó vizsgáló módszerek és szövettani lehetőségek ellenére napjainkban sem minden esetben 100%-os hatékonyságú. Különösen így van ez egyes ritka betegségek, mint az alveolaris echinococcosis esetében. Az Echinococcus multilocularis által okozott parazitás megbetegedés típusosan nehezen differenciálható, gyakran daganatszerű viselkedést mutató gócos májbetegséget okoz, amelynek – különösen előrehaladott betegség esetén – a prognózisa éppen olyan kedvezőtlen, mint a rosszindulatú primer vagy szekunder májdaganatoknak. A szerzők három esetet mutatnak be, hangsúlyozva, hogy csak a betegség korai felismerése és megfelelő kezelése esetén van reális esély a gyógyulásra, hosszú távú túlélésre.
Ocular Tuberculosis: Clinics, Diagnosis and Treatment (Literature Review)
Authors: Russkikh O. E. , Nikolenko N. Y.
Published: July 2021

Ocular tuberculosis is a serious disease with a long recurrent course, often leading to a significant decrease in the visual functions and quality of life of patients as well as disability. In recent years, the incidence rate of the ocular tuberculosis in the Russian Federation has been declining: in 2016, according to a number of authors, its incidence amounted to 5.2%.

Purpose. To systematize literature data on the topic of ocular tuberculosis.

Materials and methods. We reviewed literature available on elibrary.ru, cyberleninka.ru websites and in “Clinical Ophthalmology” journal. Results. We suggested classification of the ocular tuberculosis lesions, analyzed modern diagnostic methods and treatment regimens and evaluated their effectiveness.

Conclusions. Literature review revealed that in order to improve the quality of detection, diagnosis and treatment of ocular tuberculosis, joint efforts of ophthalmologists and phthisiologists as well as use of modern methods of tuberculinodiagnosis are essential.
Criterios de inelegibilidad al uso de platinos en cáncer otorrinolaringológico, Guías 2021
Authors: Moreno Ocampo Andrea Paola , Torres Toala Fausto Gady , Moncayo Jorge , Riofrío Mauricio , Chusino Eulalia , Loor Gabriela , Peralta Alexandra , Guarnizo Patricia , Mendoza Mariuxi , Arguello Miriam , Irigoyen Paulina
Published: July 2021

Introducción: el uso de sales de platinos en patologías  oncológicas es ampliamente usado, una de las preocupaciones de los profesionales de la salud es la presencia de eventos adversos en este grupo de pacientes que suelen ser vulnerables, por lo que es necesario la generación de consensos para realizar una selección óptima de pacientes candidatos a terapias basadas en platinos

Objetivo: Realizar un consenso de expertos para la inelegibilidad al uso de platinos de acuerdo a varios criterios para realizar un tratamiento óptimo de acuerdo a la selección y categorización de pacientes

Pregunta de salud cubierta por la Guía: ¿Qué pacientes portadores de cáncer de origen otorrinolaringológico no son elegibles para tratamiento con platinos?

Población: La población objetivos son pacientes adultos con cáncer otorrinolaringológico.

Resultados: Se establecieron consensos para la inelegibilidad al uso de platinos sobre los siguientes criterios: Edad >70 años, ECOG >1, Pérdida involuntaria de peso >20%, función auditiva “borderline”: alteraciones Grado I, Alteraciones neurológicas Grado I, Trastornos de la función renal: CrCL <60 ml/min, Alteración hepática ? grado II Child-Pugh B, Comorbilidades: diabetes, HTA, alteraciones pulmonares, anemia e Insuficiencia cardiaca.
Caracterización epidemiológica de las Neoplasias del Sistema Hematopoyético atendidos en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional-SOLCA Guayaquil
Authors: Real Cotto Jhony Joe , Tanca Campozano Juan Pablo , Jaramillo Feijoo Leyda Elizabeth , Puga Peña Gonzalo Rafael , Quinto Briones Rina Mariuxi
Published: July 2021

Introducción: Dentro de las cinco primeras neoplasias en el mundo están las Leucemias, la misma que ha venido incrementándose en las últimas décadas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar las características epidemiológicas de las Neoplasias del tejido Hematopoyético y linfoide en pacientes atendidos en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional-SOLCA Guayaquil durante los años 2015 al 2019.
Metodología: Se efectuó un estudio de diseño observacional, descriptivo poblacional; donde el universo y la muestra fueron 891 casos nuevos de neoplasias del Tejido Hematopoyético y Linfoide, recolectándose los datos en una matriz, que fueron tomados del programa informático del registro de tumores.
Resultados: se diagnosticaron Leucemias Linfoideas (69.58%) y Leucemias Mieloides (30.30%); más en hombres (53.33%) que mujeres (44.67%); siendo los casos en menores de 19 años en Guayaquil del 57.33% y en Otras ciudades con el 64.36%; en Guayaquil el grupo de edad de 5 – 9 años fue más frecuente con 20.57% seguido de los menores de 5 años con 19.02%; mientras que en Otras ciudades fueran los menores de 5 años con 20.72% seguido del grupo etario de 5 – 9 años con 18.33%; entre otros grupos. Su mayor frecuencia en Guayaquil fueron en parroquias Tarqui, Ximena y en Otras ciudades en Región Costa (81.47%).
Conclusión: Dentro de las neoplasias del Tejido Hematopoyético y Linfoide la más común fue las Leucemias Linfoideas en la población menor de 19 años con énfasis en los niños menores de 5 años mostrando una presencia importante en los años de estudio en Guayaquil y en la región Costa del Ecuador.
ORC6, Negatively Regulated by miR-1-3p, Promotes Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Chen Hu , Bao Lequn , Hu Jianhua , Wu Dongde , Tong Xianli
Published: July 2021

Background

In recent years, microRNA-1-3p (miR-1-3p) has been linked to the progression of multiple cancers, whereas little is known about its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we investigated the function of miR-1-3p in HCC, and its regulatory function on origin recognition complex subunit 6 (ORC6).

Methods

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed for detecting the expression levels of miR-1-3p and ORC6 mRNA in HCC samples and cell lines. ORC6 expression at the protein level was quantified by Western blot. After gain-of-function and loss-of-function models were established, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, Transwell assays, flow cytometry, and 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay were performed for examining cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis. The targeting relationship between miR-1-3p and ORC6 was confirmed with bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays.

Results

The expression of miR-1-3p was reduced in HCC samples and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-1-3p suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis of HCC cells, whereas the opposite effects were induced by miR-1-3p inhibition. ORC6 is identified as a novel target of miR-1-3p, the expression of which is negatively correlated with miR-1-3p expression in HCC tissues. ORC6 overexpression facilitated the proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression, and reduced apoptosis of HCC cells, whereas the opposite effects were induced by ORC6 knockdown. What is more, ORC6 overexpression counteracted the biological functions of miR-1-3p in HCC cells.

Conclusion

MiR-1-3p targets ORC6 to suppress the proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression, and promote apoptosis of HCC cells.
P2X7 Receptor Deficiency Ameliorates STZ-induced Cardiac Damage and Remodeling Through PKCβ and ERK
Authors: Huang Shanjun , Wang Weiqi , Li Li , Wang Ting , Zhao Yihan , Lin Ya , Huang Weijian , Wang Yonghua , Huang Zhouqing
Published: July 2021

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a complication of diabetes mellitus which result in cardiac remodeling and subsequent heart failure. However, the role of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in DCM has yet to be elucidated. The principal objective of this study was to investigate whether P2X7R participates in the pathogenesis of DCM. In this study, the C57BL/6 diabetic mouse model was treated with a P2X7R inhibitor (A438079). Cardiac dysfunction and remodeling were attenuated by the intraperitoneal injection of A438079 or P2X7R deficiency. In vitro, A438079 reduced high glucose (HG) induced cell damage in H9c2 cells and primary rat cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, HG/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced P2X7R activation mediated downstream protein kinase C-β (PKCβ) and extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) activation. This study provided evidence that P2X7R plays an important role in the pathogenesis of STZ-induced diabetic cardiac damage and remodeling through the PKCβ/ERK axis and suggested that P2X7R might be a potential target in the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Accumulation of Securin on Spindle During Female Meiosis I
Authors: Pauerova Tereza , Radonova Lenka , Horakova Adela , Knott Jason G. , Anger Martin
Published: July 2021

Chromosome segregation during female meiosis is frequently incorrect with severe consequences including termination of further development or severe disorders, such as Down syndrome. Accurate chromosome segregation requires tight control of a protease called separase, which facilitates the separation of sister chromatids by cohesin cleavage. There are several control mechanisms in place, including the binding of specific protein inhibitor securin, phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), and complex with SGO2 and MAD2 proteins. All these mechanisms restrict the activation of separase for the time when all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle. In our study, we focused on securin and compared the expression profile of endogenous protein with exogenous securin, which is widely used to study chromosome segregation. We also compared the dynamics of securin proteolysis in meiosis I and meiosis II. Our study revealed that the expression of both endogenous and exogenous securin in oocytes is compartmentalized and that this protein accumulates on the spindle during meiosis I. We believe that this might have a direct impact on the regulation of separase activity in the vicinity of the chromosomes.
Functional and Cognitive Decline Is Associated With Increased Endothelial Cell Inflammation and Platelet Activation: Liquid Biopsy of Microvesicles in Community- Dwelling Octogenarians
Authors: Chiva-Blanch Gemma , Vilella-Figuerola Alba , Padró Teresa , Formiga Francesc , Ferrer Assumpta , Badimon Lina
Published: July 2021

Increased life expectancy is usually associated with comorbidities, such as cardio and cerebrovascular disease causing impaired functionality. A common underlying cause of these comorbidities is vascular inflammation and injury. Elevated levels of circulating microvesicles (cMV), as a product of a hemostatic and inflammatory cell activation, could be direct mapping of an imbalanced hemostasis. In this manuscript, we aimed to investigate by liquid biopsy whether successful aging can be discriminated by cMV levels and phenotype. To this purpose, we included 135 community-dwelling octogenarians in a cross-sectional study. Successful aging was defined as good functional (Barthel Index > 90 points, and Lawton index score > 7/4 points for women and men, respectively) and cognitive status (Spanish version of the Mini-Mental State Examination -MEC- > 24 points) and no need for institutionalization. Total, annexin V positive (AV+), and AV– cMV from different cell origins from the vascular compartment were phenotypically characterized and quantified from fasting plasma samples by flow cytometry. Successful aging was associated with lower plasma concentrations of total and AV+ CD141+/CD41+-CD61+, and PAC1+/AV+, CD141+/AV+, and CD36+/AV– cMV. From these phenotypes, ROC curve analyses revealed that CD141+/AV+ and CD141+/CD41+-CD61+/AV+ endothelial- and platelet-derived cMV discriminate successful and non-successful aging with an AUC (95%CI) of 0.655 (0.551, 0.758), P = 0.005, and 0.638 (0.535, 0.741), P = 0.013, respectively. In conclusion, successful aging is associated with low levels of cMV released by endothelial cells and platelets, indicating lower endothelial cell inflammation and platelet activation. Our results contribute to the understanding of the link between unsuccessful aging, cognitive decline and vascular cell inflammatory disturbances.
Post-translational Modifications of the Protein Termini
Authors: Chen Li , Kashina Anna
Published: July 2021

Post-translational modifications (PTM) involve enzyme-mediated covalent addition of functional groups to proteins during or after synthesis. These modifications greatly increase biological complexity and are responsible for orders of magnitude change between the variety of proteins encoded in the genome and the variety of their biological functions. Many of these modifications occur at the protein termini, which contain reactive amino- and carboxy-groups of the polypeptide chain and often are pre-primed through the actions of cellular machinery to expose highly reactive residues. Such modifications have been known for decades, but only a few of them have been functionally characterized. The vast majority of eukaryotic proteins are N- and C-terminally modified by acetylation, arginylation, tyrosination, lipidation, and many others. Post-translational modifications of the protein termini have been linked to different normal and disease-related processes and constitute a rapidly emerging area of biological regulation. Here we highlight recent progress in our understanding of post-translational modifications of the protein termini and outline the role that these modifications playin vivo.
The Impact of Recent Developments in Electrochemical POC Sensor for Blood Sugar Care
Authors: Li Wei , Luo Weixiang , Li Mengyuan , Chen Liyu , Chen Liyan , Guan Hua , Yu Mengjiao
Published: July 2021

Rapid glucose testing is very important in the care of diabetes. Monitoring of blood glucose is the most critical indicator of disease control in diabetic patients. The invention and popularity of electrochemical sensors have made glucose detection fast and inexpensive. The first generation of glucose sensors had limitations in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. In order to overcome these problems, scientists have used a range of new materials to produce new glucose electrochemical sensors with higher sensitivity, selectivity and lower cost. A variety of different electrochemical sensors including enzymatic electrochemical sensors and enzyme-free electrochemical sensors have been extensively investigated. We discussed the development process of electrochemical glucose sensors in this review. We focused on describing the benefits of carbon materials in nanomaterials, specially graphene for sensors. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the sensors and challenges in future research.
One Year of Seismicity Recorded Through Ocean Bottom Seismometers Illuminates Active Tectonic Structures in the Ionian Sea (Central Mediterranean)
Authors: Sgroi Tiziana , Polonia Alina , Beranzoli Laura , Billi Andrea , Bosman Alessandro , Costanza Antonio , Cuffaro Marco , D’Anna Giuseppe , De Caro Mariagrazia , Di Nezza Maria , Fertitta Gioacchino , Frugoni Francesco , Gasperini Luca , Monna Stephen , Montuori Caterina , Petracchini Lorenzo , Petricca Patrizio , Pinzi Stefania , Ursino Andrea , Doglioni Carlo
Published: July 2021

Seismological data recorded in the Ionian Sea by a network of seven Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBSs) during the 2017–2018 SEISMOFAULTS experiment provides a close-up view of seismogenic structures that are potential sources of medium-high magnitude earthquakes. The high-quality signal-to-noise ratio waveforms are observed for earthquakes at different scales: teleseismic, regional, and local earthquakes as well as single station earthquakes and small crack events. In this work, we focus on two different types of recording: 1) local earthquakes and 2) Short Duration Events (SDE) associated to micro-fracturing processes. During the SEISMOFAULTS experiment, 133 local earthquakes were recorded by both OBSs and land stations (local magnitude ranging between 0.9 and 3.8), while a group of local earthquakes (76), due to their low magnitude, were recorded only by the OBS network. We relocated 133 earthquakes by integrating onshore and offshore travel times and obtaining a significant improvement in accuracy, particularly for the offshore events. Moreover, the higher signal-to-noise ratio of the OBS network revealed a significant seismicity not detected onshore, which shed new light on the location and kinematics of seismogenic structures in the Calabrian Arc accretionary prism and associated to the subduction of the Ionian lithosphere beneath the Apennines. Other signals recorded only by the OBS network include a high number of Short Duration Events (SDE). The different waveforms of SDEs at two groups of OBSs and the close correlation between the occurrence of events recorded at single stations and SDEs suggest an endogenous fluid venting from mud volcanoes and active fault traces. Results from the analysis of seismological data collected during the SEISMOFAULTS experiment confirm the necessity and potential of marine studies with OBSs, particularly in those geologically active areas of the Mediterranean Sea prone to high seismic risk.
Improvements to the Shaw-Type Absolute Palaeointensity Method
Authors: Lloyd Simon J. , Paterson Greig A. , Thallner Daniele , Biggin Andrew J.
Published: July 2021

Palaeointensity information enables us to define the strength of Earth’s magnetic field over geological time, providing a window into Earth’s deep interior. The difficulties in acquiring reliable measurements are substantial, particularly from older rocks. Two of the most significant causes of experimental failure are laboratory induced alteration of the magnetic remanence carriers and effects relating to multidomain magnetic carriers. One method that has been claimed to overcome both of these problems is the Shaw method. Here we detail and evaluate the method, comparing various selection criteria in a controlled experiment performed on a large, non-ideal dataset of mainly Precambrian rocks. Monte Carlo analyses are used to determine an optimal set of selection criteria; the end result is a new, improved experimental protocol that lends itself very well to the automated Rapid 2G magnetometer system enabling experiments to be carried out expeditiously and with greater accuracy.
Effects of Biochar Feedstock and Pyrolysis Temperature on Soil Organic Matter Mineralization and Microbial Community Structures of Forest Soils
Authors: Lu Xiaorong , Yin Yan , Li Shaopeng , Ma Hongliang , Gao Ren , Yin Yunfeng
Published: July 2021

Biochar has received much attention as a strategy to enhance soil carbon (C) sequestration and mitigate climate change. Previous studies found that the feedstock and pyrolysis temperature can largely determine biochar properties, which in turn, impact the stability of native soil organic matter (SOM) and soil microorganisms. The Schima superba and Cunninghamia lanceolata are two tree species widely distributed in the subtropical region of southern China, but how the biochars from these two species influence the soil C sequestration and microbial communities of plantation remain poorly understood. In this study, we produced biochars from these two different feedstocks (13C-labeled S. superba and C. lanceolata litters) at three pyrolysis temperatures (350°C, 550°C, 750°C), then added them to the soils from C. lanceolata plantation, and maintained the experiments at 25°C for 112 days. We found both C mineralization and soil microbial community structures were strongly, but inconsistent, affected by biochar feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. The C. lanceolata biochar triggered the negative priming effect faster and greater compared with the S. superba biochar amendment. Biochars produced at 550°C showed the most significant negative priming effect during the whole incubation period, regardless of the different feedstocks. The cumulative amount of CO2 derived from biochars was significantly decreased with pyrolysis temperature (p < 0.05), indicating that biochars prepared at higher temperatures were more stable in the soil. Further, the soil microbial community structure was only affected by biochar pyrolysis temperature rather than biochar feedstock and their interaction. Together, our results reveal that biochar feedstock and pyrolysis temperature may play more important roles in dictating the priming effect than the structure of microbial community for C. lanceolata plantation. Overall, we concluded that the biochars prepared at 550°C could rapidly decrease the turnover of native SOM in a short term and biochar amendment has the potential to be a management practice for soil C sequestration in the C. lanceolata plantation.
Role of the kdpDE Regulatory Operon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Modulating Bacterial Growth in vitro
Authors: Cholo Moloko C. , Matjokotja Maborwa T. , Osman Ayman G. , Anderson Ronald
Published: July 2021

Bacteria use K+-uptake transporters differentially for adaptation in varying growth conditions. In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, two K+-uptake systems, the Trk comprising the CeoB and CeoC proteins and the Kdp consisting of the two-component system (TCS), KdpDE and KdpFABC, have been characterized, but their selective utilization during bacterial growth has not been completely explored. In the current study, the roles of the M. tuberculosis KdpDE regulatory system alone and in association with the Trk transporters in bacterial growth were investigated by evaluating the growth of M. tuberculosis KdpDE-deletion and KdpDE/Trk (KT)-double knockout mutant strains in planktonic culture under standard growth conditions. The KT-double knockout mutant strain was first constructed using homologous recombination procedures and was evaluated together with the KdpDE-deletion mutant and the wild-type (WT) strains with respect to their rates of growth, K+-uptake efficiencies, and K+-transporter gene expression during planktonic growth. During growth at optimal K+ concentrations and pH levels, selective deletion of the TCS KdpDE (KdpDE-deletion mutant) led to attenuation of bacterial growth and an increase in bacterial K+-uptake efficiency, as well as dysregulated expression of the kdpFABC and trk genes. Deletion of both the KdpDE and the Trk systems (KT-double knockout) also led to severely attenuated bacterial growth, as well as an increase in bacterial K+-uptake efficiency. These results demonstrate that the KdpDE regulatory system plays a key role during bacterial growth by regulating K+ uptake via modulation of the expression and activities of both the KdpFABC and Trk systems and is important for bacterial growth possibly by preventing cytoplasmic K+ overload.
Emerging Cellular Therapies for Anti-myeloperoxidase Vasculitis and Other Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Odobasic Dragana , Holdsworth Stephen R.
Published: July 2021

Anti-myeloperoxidase vasculitis (MPO-AAV) is a life-threatening autoimmune disease which causes severe inflammation of small blood vessels, mainly in the kidney. As for many other autoimmune diseases, current treatments, which consist of general immunosuppressants, are partially effective, toxic and broadly immunosuppressive, causing significant and serious adverse effects in many patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more targeted and less harmful therapies. Tolerogenic dendritic cells, regulatory T cells and stem cells have emerged as attractive, new and safer options for the treatment for various autoimmune diseases due to their unique and selective immunosuppressive capacity. In this review, we will discuss how these cellular therapies offer potential to become novel and safer treatments for MPO-AAV.
210Po and 210Pb as Tracers of Particle Cycling and Export in the Western Arctic Ocean
Authors: Bam Wokil , Maiti Kanchan , Baskaran Mark
Published: July 2021

The distribution and vertical fluxes of particulate organic carbon and other key elements in the Arctic Ocean are primarily governed by the spatial and seasonal changes in primary productivity, areal extent of ice cover, and lateral exchange between the shelves and interior basins. The Arctic Ocean has undergone rapid increase in primary productivity and drastic decrease in the areal extent of seasonal sea ice in the last two decades. These changes can greatly influence the biological pump as well as associated carbon export and key element fluxes. Here, we report the export of particulate organic and inorganic carbon, particulate nitrogen and biogenic silica using 210Po and 210Pb as tracers for the seasonal vertical fluxes. Samples were collected as a part of US GEOTRACES Arctic transect from western Arctic Basin in 2015. The total activities of 210Po and 210Pb in the upper 300 m water column ranged from 0.46 to 16.6 dpm 100L–1 and 1.17 to 32.5 dpm 100L–1, respectively. The 210Pb and 210Po fluxes varied between 5.04–6.20 dpm m–2 d–1 and 8.26–21.02 dpm m–2 d–1, respectively. The corresponding particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate nitrogen (PN) fluxes ranged between 0.75–7.43 mg C m–2 d–1 and 0.08–0.78 mg N m–2 d–1, respectively, with highest fluxes observed in the northern ice-covered stations. The particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) and biogenic silica (bSi) fluxes were extremely low ranging from 0 to 0.14 mg C m–2 d–1 and 0.14 to 2.88 mg Si m–2 d–1, respectively, at all stations suggesting absence of ballast elements in facilitating the biological pump. The variability in POC fluxes with depth suggest prominent influence of lateral transport to downward fluxes across the region. The results provide a better understanding of the spatial variability in the vertical fluxes POC, PN, bSi, and PIC in the western Arctic which is currently undergoing dramatic changes.
Site Selection for Coral Reef Restoration Using Airborne Imaging Spectroscopy
Authors: Schill Steven R. , Asner Gregory P. , McNulty Valerie Pietsch , Pollock F. Joseph , Croquer Aldo , Vaughn Nicholas R. , Escovar-Fadul Ximena , Raber George , Shaver Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

Over the past decade, coral restoration efforts have increased as reefs continue to decline at unprecedented rates. Identifying suitable coral outplanting locations to maximize coral survival continues to be one of the biggest challenges for restoration practitioners. Here, we demonstrate methods of using derivatives from imaging spectroscopy from the Global Airborne Observatory (GAO) to identify suitable coral outplant sites and report on the survival rates of restored coral at those sites. Outplant sites for a community-based, citizen science outplant event in Bávaro, Dominican Republic, were identified using expert-defined criteria applied to a suitability model from data layers derived from airborne imagery. Photo quadrat analysis of the benthic community confirmed the accuracy of airborne remote sensing maps with live coral cover averaging 3.5–4% and mean algal cover (macro algae and turf) ranging from 28 to 32%. Coral outplant sites were selected at 3–7 m depth with maximized levels of habitat complexity (i.e., rugosity) and live coral cover and minimized levels of macroalgal cover, as predicted by the imaging spectrometer data. In November 2019, 1,722 Acropora cervicornis fragments (80–180 mm in length) were outplanted to these sites. Surveys conducted in January 2020 in four of these sites confirmed that 92% of outplants survived after 3 months. By October 2020 (11 months after outplanting), survivorship remained above 76%. These results demonstrate higher than average success rates for coral outplant survival for this species. An online tool was developed to enable replication and facilitate future selection of coral restoration sites. Our objective is to present a case study that uses GAO-derived map products within a suitability model framework to provide a quantitative and replicable method for selecting coral restoration sites with the goal of increasing outplant survival over time.
Internodal Analysis of Avicennia marina in the Western Arabian Gulf
Authors: Almahasheer Hanan
Published: July 2021

The growth of Avicennia marina (A. marina) was not previously assessed using internodal analysis in the Western Arabian Gulf. The node production in 40 branches/axillary shoot in Syhat city, Saudi Arabia, ranged from 6 to 9 nodes y–1. Moreover, the annual cycles of the internodal length represent the branch growth rate in centimeters per year (ranged from 12 to 43 cm; median of 19 cm) for minima to minima point and (from 15 to 46.5 cm; median of 25.5 cm) for maxima to maxima point. The results obtained in this study are fundamental for various applications, ranging from the planning of restoration and monitoring activities to reproduction estimates and establishing a useful baseline to assess responses to climate change via simple measurements. In particular, mangrove species are important as nurseries for many species for food and shelter, carbon sinks, and coastal protection.
Effect of Point Spread Function Deconvolution in Reconstruction of Brain 18F-FDG PET Images on the Diagnostic Thinking Efficacy in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Doyen Matthieu , Mairal Elise , Bordonne Manon , Zaragori Timothée , Roch Véronique , Imbert Laetitia , Verger Antoine
Published: July 2021

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of applying Point Spread Function (PSF) deconvolution, which is known to improve contrast and spatial resolution in brain 18F-FDG PET images, to the diagnostic thinking efficacy in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: We compared Hoffman 3-D brain phantom images reconstructed with or without PSF. The effect of PSF deconvolution on AD diagnostic clinical performance was determined from digital brain 18F-FDG PET images of AD (n = 38) and healthy (n = 35) subjects compared to controls (n = 36). Performances were assessed with SPM at the group level (p < 0.001 for the voxel) and at the individual level by visual interpretation of SPM T-maps (p < 0.005 for the voxel) by the consensual analysis of three experienced raters.

Results: A mix of large hypometabolic (1,483cm3, mean value of −867 ± 492 Bq/ml) and intense hypermetabolic (902 cm3, mean value of 1,623 ± 1,242 Bq/ml) areas was observed in the PSF compared to the no PSF phantom images. Significant hypometabolic areas were observed in the AD group compared to the controls, for reconstructions with and without PSF (respectively 23.7 and 26.2 cm3), whereas no significant hypometabolic areas were observed when comparing the group of healthy subjects to the control group. At the individual level, no significant differences in diagnostic performances for discriminating AD were observed visually (sensitivity of 89 and 92% for reconstructions with and without PSF respectively, similar specificity of 74%).

Conclusion: Diagnostic thinking efficacy performances for diagnosing AD are similar for 18F-FDG PET images reconstructed with or without PSF.
Brucella spp. Omp25 Promotes Proteasome-Mediated cGAS Degradation to Attenuate IFN-β Production
Authors: Li Ruizhen , Liu Wenli , Yin Xiangrui , Zheng Fangfang , Wang Zhenyu , Wu Xingchen , Zhang Xiaohua , Du Qian , Huang Yong , Tong Dewen
Published: July 2021

Type I interferons (IFN), a family of cytokines widely expressed in various tissues, play important roles in anti-infection immunity. Nevertheless, it is not known whether Brucella spp. could interfere with IFN-I production induced by other pathogens. This study investigated the regulatory roles of Brucella outer membrane protein (Omp)25 on the IFN-I signaling pathway and found that Omp25 inhibited the production of IFN-β and its downstream IFN-stimulated genes induced by various DNA viruses or IFN-stimulatory DNA in human, murine, porcine, bovine, and ovine monocyte/macrophages or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Brucella Omp25 suppressed the phosphorylation of stimulator of IFN genes (STINGs) and IFN regulatory factor 3 and nuclear translocation of phosphorylated IFN regulatory factor 3 in pseudorabies virus- or herpes simplex virus-1-infected murine, human, or porcine macrophages. Furthermore, we found that Brucella Omp25 promoted cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) degradation via the proteasome-dependent pathway, resulting in a decreased cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate production and downstream signaling activation upon DNA virus infection or IFN-stimulatory DNA stimulation. Mapping the predominant function domain of Omp25 showed that the amino acids 161 to 184 of Omp25 were required for Omp25-induced cGAS degradation, among which five amino acid residues (R176, Y179, R180, Y181, and Y184) were required for the inhibitory effect of Omp25 on IFN-β induction. Altogether, our results demonstrated that Brucella Omp25 inhibits cGAS STING signaling pathway-induced IFN-β via facilitating the ubiquitin–proteasome-dependent degradation of cGAS in various mammalian monocyte/macrophages.