bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ageist beliefs among older people and adapting CBT to challenge this in the therapeutic setting
Authors: Allen Chris , Ranger Gurveen
Published: January 2023

Our clinical experience has indicated there is a need to look at cognitive distortions related to age when it arises in the therapeutic process. Clinicians are frequently faced with statements such as ‘I’m too old to change’ and ‘what is the point in doing this, I’ve probably not got long left’ which provide barriers to effective interventions. We propose that these issues need addressing first, alongside treatment socialisation, prior to addressing common thinking errors associated with anxiety and depression.
Promoting well-being in older people’s psychology requires far more than expertise in mental health
Authors: James Ian Andrew , Hope Angela
Published: January 2023

This article represents health in a 3D diagram, showing complexities which are reflected in our conceptual models used to treat functional and organic presentations. An attempt is made to demonstrate the complexity involved in determining the nature of wellbeing in cohorts of older people, who are becoming more diverse as they age.
Stones in the pond: Late life effects of psychological trauma
Authors: Davies Steve
Published: January 2023

What is the effect of trauma across a lifetime? How do people manage to live with the experiences, images and recollections of that trauma whist continuing to live their lives? If the coping mechanisms for managing trauma are not uniform, then how can the therapy be? What needs to be considered as a therapist in these settings when trauma is reactivated by late life challenges?
HCPC procedures: A cause for concern
Authors: Hallam Richard S.
Published: January 2023

This paper discusses regulation of the practices of psychologists by the Health and Care Professions Council.
IAPT for people with chronic physical health problems: An audit and evaluation of training
Authors: Hunter Myra S. , Craig Ellen , Advani Jana , Hutton Jane
Published: January 2023

This paper describes an audit carried out with clinicians in an established South London Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) service, exploring: (a) the number of clients seen who have a co-morbid physical health condition, and (b) therapists’ perceptions of their own competence at offering these clients effective interventions. Based on the responses received, top-up workshops were designed and delivered to increase skills and self-efficacy in working with this client group, and workshop objectives were evaluated. This report describes the audit and then considers the implications for training needs, and the content and evaluation of workshops.
Clinical psychologists in Tier 4 CAMHS: How do we spend our time?
Authors: Barton Anna , Crosbie Vivienne
Published: January 2023

Following a conference presentation by the North West Forum for In-patient Child and Adolescent Psychology Services, an audit was carried out of clinical psychologists’ activity in Tier 4 Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services.
Developing a new clinical placement module, ‘The organisational placement’: A consideration of innovative practice and change management using Kotter’s eightstage process for creating major change
Authors: Tattersall-Lindley Rosey
Published: January 2023

This piece considers the application, benefits and limitations of Kotter’s eight stage model of change, in relation to the development of a new placement module within a DClinPsy programme influenced by the changing face and agenda of modern healthcare.
Nuggets of advice for conducting a thesis
Authors: Ghataore Sanjeet
Published: January 2023

This article offers a personal account of experiences faced when conducting research for a clinical psychology doctorate. Based on these experiences, the author offers advice to other trainees currently working on their theses, as well as research supervisors.
Development and evaluation of a ‘one-stop workshop’ for adolescents with Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Akhter Kalsoom , Zeffertt Anna , El-Khairi Ranna , Rafiq Anjum , Evans Mark , Abdullah Nadeem
Published: January 2023

A ‘one-stop workshop’ was developed and piloted for adolescents and young adults with Type 1 diabetes to increase awareness of healthcare needs, and to engage participants in collaborative discussions and allow them to take control of their long-term condition.
The experiences of parents and teachers who use social stories for children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Moore Danielle , Wright Barry , Williams Chris , Moore Kate , Dempster Paul G.
Published: January 2023

Social stories are a commonly used intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This article reports the findings from a focus group investigating the experiences of parents and teachers who use social stories. Current practice and recommendations for future research are discussed.
A response: So what do we need to do?
Authors: Cooke Anne ,   friends
Published: January 2023

‘Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world; indeed, it’s the only thing that ever has.’ Margaret Mead
A response: Misery is more than brain chemicals
Authors: Riddell Barbara
Published: January 2023

It is frequently difficult for us to make sense of, or explain to others, how we feel and why we feel the way we do. Complex feeling states are often triggered involuntarily in response to subtle environmental features, related to past events that have been forgotten, or that we do not connect with our current experience (Damasio, 1999; Kagan., 2007; LeDoux, 1999).
Qualitative clinical evaluation of a pilot bipolar relapse prevention group intervention in an out-patient psychiatric setting
Authors: Dathan Belledeep , D’Netto Christine , Shaw Jane
Published: January 2023

An 11 week pilot cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)/psychoeducation relapse prevention group was set up for bipolar clients. Thematic analysis of qualitative feedback showed a decrease in relapses and an improvement in psychological well-being. This demonstrates that such psychological interventions, alongside pharmacological treatments, can be effective in relapse prevention.
Team formulation: What are the staff views?
Authors: Hollingworth Paul , Johnstone Lucy
Published: January 2023

The use of formulation in team working is an emerging area of practice which has been associated with a range of benefits for staff and service users. This study sought to evaluate staff experiences of formulating in teams.
An evaluation of a training workshop for delivering group-based interventions for NHS staff
Authors: Oliver Joseph E. , Venter J.H. , Lloyd Lisa
Published: January 2023

Training workshops can be an effective method of disseminating psychological skills amongst non-psychology mental health professionals. This paper specifically explores the usefulness of a training workshop aimed at developing skills and knowledge associated with setting up and delivering group-based interventions. The workshop focused on planning, setting up, facilitating and maintaining a successful group. Analysis of pre and post data indicated that the workshop increased participants’ confidence and general knowledge of running groups. The workshop appears to have some utility for equipping NHS staff with the confidence, knowledge and skills to deliver group-based interventions.
The value of integrative psychotherapy in secondary care
Authors: Tacconelli Erasmo , Higginbotham Andrew , Fijak-Koch Gosia , Kalra Rashmi , Lakey James , Rosebert Ché
Published: January 2023

Secondary care psychological services support clients presenting with a range of complex, chronic and co-morbid mental health problems. Providing psychological therapies for this group can, however, be a challenge when matching diverse needs with available single model approaches. This paper provides an overview of our provision of ‘integrative therapy’ as a clinically useful approach. With reference to case vignettes, the need for maintaining this way of working in an evolving NHS is illustrated.
Developing a health link partnership with dermatology services in Nigeria: Preliminary feedback from a tropical health education trust start-up project
Authors: Thompson Andrew R. , Taylor Nicholas
Published: January 2023

In January 2013 we visited Nigeria to build a partnership with Nigerian dermatology service and a dermatology charity. The needs assessment that was conducted supported a DClinPsy doctorial study. This article reports on the initial phase of the start-up project and presents some of the results of the needs assessment.
Psychological resilience in clinical practice: A discussion paper
Authors: Angell Elaine
Published: January 2023

This paper is based on a literature review and personal reflections which formed the background to my presentation at the DCP Annual Conference in December 2012.
Principles of neuropsychological assessment
Authors: Cullen Breda
Published: January 2023

This article aims to provide a brief refresher on the basic principles of neuropsychological assessment, which apply to a range of clinical contexts.
Clinical psychology: A rare and essential resource in commissioning quality services for homeless people
Authors: Maguire Nick , Ritchie Claire
Published: January 2023

This paper considers the contribution that clinical psychology can make to homeless service provision and commissioning processes by bringing an empirical approach to development of interventions and enabling services to robustly evaluate outcomes.
Personality disorder service development in Northern Ireland: Learning from experiences of service users
Authors: Tiernan Bridget , Henry Roisin , McCullough Emma
Published: January 2023

Six clients with personality disorder diagnoses participated in a focus group study to discuss their experiences of services provided in the Northern Health and Social Care Trust. Directions for future service development, informed by the findings, are discussed.
The role of clinical psychology in global public psychosocial and mental health
Authors: Bosqui Tania J.
Published: January 2023

Reflecting on pre-training experiences in India and Sierra Leone, training in Northern Ireland and an elective placement in the occupied Palestinian territories, the potential for clinical psychology to learn from global models, inform and implement the evidence base, and advocate for the importance of psychosocial well-being and mental health on an international stage is explored.
Service evaluation of a parenting group for children with developmental disability and complex needs in a community setting
Authors: Manford Bethan , Sizak-Cohen Miri
Published: January 2023

A positive parenting group using developmentally appropriate interventions was facilitated within a specialist child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) for disabled children with behavioural concerns. Overall, based on parents responses, the group was experienced as helpful and meeting parents’ expectations.
Voluntary psychology graduate internships: Conveyor belt of exploitation or stepping stone to success?
Authors: Stevens Daniel , Whittington Adrian , Moulton-Perkins Alesia , Palachandran Vathani
Published: January 2023

While volunteering has long been a valued part of the route to clinical training for many aspiring clinical psychologists, it presents a number of risks. This paper describes an attempt to reduce the risks through a coordinated ethical volunteering scheme.
Clinical psychology versus the ‘myth of healthy normality’
Authors: Todd David
Published: January 2023

This article is an (inevitably brief) reflection on the understanding of human suffering, both historically and within the current Western cultural context, in relation to mindfulness and acceptance-based psychological approaches.
Supporting women with personality disorders in local services: A community outreach pilot project
Authors: Vyas Anisha , Jenkins Sara
Published: January 2023

This paper describes the rationale, implementation and outcomes of a pilot project delivered by Northamptonshire Healthcare Foundation Trust’s specialist personality disorder service to develop more cost and clinically effective alternatives to out-of-area placements for women with personality disorders.
Parallels between lean methodology and psychological formulation and therapy
Authors: Courtney-Walker Rebecca
Published: January 2023

The author will aim to summarise some of the key lean principles that support its effectiveness in organisational change and will discuss parallels between lean methodology and psychological formulation and therapy.
Coordinating psychological therapy referrals in secondary care: Reflecting through a lean lens
Authors: Wint Debbie
Published: January 2023

This discussion reflects on my experience of coordinating referrals to a clinical psychology and psychological therapy team and explores how lean thinking might help develop initiatives to improve efficiency.
‘Standing Up and Speaking Out’ for clinical populations: Our experience of the interface between clinical psychology and public health
Authors: Jenkins Catherine M. , Ronald Lisa H.
Published: January 2023

There is a growing evidence base and interest in the application of clinical psychology within public health. This article outlines our experiences working directly within a public health setting, the challenges faced, lessons learned, and the implications for future development.
What clinical and ethical implications need to be considered by a clinical psychologist when selecting a pre-trial therapy intervention for vulnerable or intimidated witnesses?
Authors: Simpson-Adkins Graham , Daiches Anna
Published: January 2023

This article considers ethical and clinical dilemmas faced by clinical psychologists involved with pre-trial therapy, questions the morality of present guidance, draws attention to possible implications for service provision, and calls for further research and a re-evaluation of available guidance.
Telephone surveys and client satisfaction: Reflections from an adult community eating disorders service
Authors: Winter Louise , Jarvis Sarah , Viljoen David , Benson Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

Telephone surveys are fast, cost-effective, well received by participants, ensure high response rates and offer good data on client satisfaction. Satisfaction with the service was generally high and examples are given on how service development was influenced by feedback data.
A brief history of psychologists as expert witnesses in family law
Authors: Wolfe Lisa
Published: January 2023

The Family Justice Review (2011) has transformed the way expert witnesses are perceived and instructed in family law, meaning that child protection social work professionals are now the designated ‘experts’ responsible for undertaking complex parent, child and family assessments and writing court reports, with independent ‘experts’ (such as clinical psychologists) only being instructed when the case managing judge deems it to be absolutely ‘necessary’. So… have families involved in care proceedings suddenly become less complex, less risky and less likely to suffer from multidimensional problems, which include mental health difficulties and trauma? Or have existing child protection professionals (social workers and guardians) gained a comparable ‘range of knowledge, clinical skills and expertise’ (Brophy, 2006) to allow them to undertake the kinds of expert assessments previously completed by independent psychologists and psychiatrists? This article reviews these essential questions, speculates on the rise in negativity about psychologists as ‘expert witnesses’ and offers some thoughts on how independent psychologists can continue to work for the benefit of the highly vulnerable children and families who are the real customers in family law.
Preparing for a brave new world: Reflections on a pre-qualified role in the private sector
Authors: Gilligan Liam , Methley Abigail
Published: January 2023

Given the current NHS climate, many psychologists are considering the option of independent practice. This article reflects on relevant skills pre-qualification members can develop in independent practice to enable them to be effective clinicians in a competitive business environment.
Personality, friendship, hard graft and a smattering of greek philosophy: The key components to the development of an independent service
Authors: Tidsey Leanne , McCormick Rachel , Knowles Gordon
Published: January 2023

In this paper we present a light-hearted but honest reflection of the journey of three colleagues and friends into private practice, some challenges along the way and how individual differences played a role in the development of the service.
Reflections on a ‘clinical psychology training workshop’ for assistant psychologists
Authors: Bamber Andrew , Vohora Reena
Published: January 2023

Supervising psychologists recognise the need to support assistant psychologists in their pursuit of training whilst remaining mindful about how much assistance is too much. This article reflects on a workshop focused on sitting with the feeling of uncertainty that the application process inherently brings.
Error in the measurement of low IQ: Implications for research, clinical practice and diagnosis
Authors: Whitaker Simon
Published: January 2023

The paper considers the effect of error in the measurement of low IQ for research, clinical practice and diagnosis. Test error has most impact on diagnosis of intellectual disability in an individual.
Integration of formulation in adult multidisciplinary services across a large NHS foundation trust: Evaluation after the first year
Authors: Chiffey Catherine , Quinn Gillian Irving , Casares Philippa
Published: January 2023

In 2011 Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust introduced formulation as a central part of its new service model. This paper documents the final phase of the project: evaluating to what extent, one year on from the initial training, teams have been successful in integrating formulation into their practice.
Introducing small changes to reduce cancellations in a community mental health team
Authors: McLachlan Jane
Published: January 2023

This article describes the process of change to reduce cancellations in a community mental health team and supports the need for a continuous assessment of current clinical and administrative processes to identify areas of improvement.
Clinical portfolios: Putting the new British Psychological Society standards for clinical psychology programmes into practice
Authors: McManus James , Bennett Lara
Published: January 2023

This article gives details of the response of the University of Manchester clinical psychology training programme to the new British Psychological Society accreditation standards, with a particular focus on the development of a clinical portfolio.
We got it going on!
Authors: Rosebert Ché , Clarke Isabel , Ackner Susie
Published: January 2023

This article is dedicated to the many clinical psychologists, service users and carers who have made the Faculty what it is today. Some names are mentioned, but as this is a whistle stop tour sincere apologies for those of you not specifically named, but we hope you and others recognise your influence on the Faculty’s work.
Residents’ experience of ward rounds in a forensic rehabilitation setting
Authors: Chapman Rosanna , Ingram Niamh , Collyer Leigh , Brifcani Shereen
Published: January 2023

This survey explored service user’s experiences of attending ward rounds in a forensic rehabilitation setting. The findings highlight a need for clarity about the purpose, increased involvement of other professionals and greater efforts to reduce service user anxiety.
Psychological input within access services
Authors: Finch Jayne , Hudson Sara
Published: January 2023

Within Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust (TEWV), the current authors have been providing psychological input into the established Access services. Here we explore the perceived benefits of this input from the perspective of Access Team staff members.
Developing a CORE system for use in the training of clinical psychologists
Authors: Latchford Gary , Hughes Jan , Macdonald James
Published: January 2023

This is the second of three linked papers. It reflects on the process of setting up a centralised system for recording routine sessional and outcome data for trainee clinical psychologists across Yorkshire. Comments are included from two trainers involved in setting this up (GL and JH) and also a colleague from CORE IMS (JM) involved in developing the system used.
Psychosocial development in young people with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Wilson Charlotte , Pearce Rachel , Summers Stephanie , Taylor Lucie , Haworth Charles
Published: January 2023

Seven young adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) and five professionals working with them were interviewed about CF and the impact it has on their psychosocial development. Themes of identity, relationships, impact on life and dealing with CF were identified.
The impact of group cognitive behavioural therapy on anxiety and level of functioning in people with a diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Brummer Laura , McAndrews Zoe
Published: January 2023

Chronic fatigue syndrome can be accompanied by comorbid psychological difficulties. This audit evaluated the efficacy of a group cognitive behavioural therapy intervention in reducing functional impairment, anxiety and depression. Findings suggest small improvements in depression and functioning, and significant reductions in anxiety.
Clinical psychologists training and supervising IAPT therapists to work with long-term conditions and medically unexplained symptoms: A service development project
Authors: Highfield Julie A. , Lowe Kathy , Lewis Emma , Warren Rachel , Martin Kate , Walkett Elaine
Published: January 2023

An IAPT service and a clinical health psychology team piloted a service development providing Step 2 and Step 3 services for individuals with long-term health conditions. Results indicate that such services may be offered with access to specialist training and supervision.
Perceptions of a memory group by spousal carers of Parkinson’s disease patients
Authors: Jovicic Ana , Smith Paula , Dysch Leon , Adams Nikki , Gauntlett-Gilbert Jeremy
Published: January 2023

This qualitative study seeks to explore whether a memory group for Parkinson’s disease patients can offer any benefits for their spousal carers.
The storytelling movement: A trauma recovery intervention for war affected communities
Authors: Whittaker-Howe Sarah
Published: January 2023

The storytelling movement was pioneered in response to the challenge of providing psychological intervention to traumatised communities in the absence of mental health professionals. It is pioneered to be a self-sustaining movement that breaks the silence of trauma, as demonstrated by this case study in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Psychology in probation (PiP): The Essex Community Offender Personality Disorder Pathway
Authors: Orchard Anna , Williams Sian
Published: January 2023

Following the nationwide government initiative to establish a treatment pathway for offenders with likely personality disorders, this article considers the setting-up of the Essex community pathway, and reflects on the initial year of service delivery.
Assessment, formulation and care pathways for individuals on the autism spectrum who have violently offended
Authors: Heffernan Suzanne , Brown Andrew , Chidambaram Arun , Burns Danielle , Nathan Rajan
Published: January 2023

This paper describes the experiences of a Forensic Autism Spectrum Disorder Assessment and Liaison team. We reflect upon the processes and complexities of assessment, formulation and care pathway planning for this population within forensic contexts.
Development and experiences of a prison-based personality disorder treatment unit
Authors: Heffernan Suzanne ,   Residents of The Beacon, Brennand Debbie , Jellicoe-Jones Lorna
Published: January 2023

This article describes a prison-based service for men with personality needs. A background to the service is provided alongside staff’s reflections on service implementation. First-person resident accounts offer the reader an insight into the perspective of the residents.
Psychology working in partnership with probation: Giving away the family silver?
Authors: Baker Vikki , Ramsden Jo , Wood Jo
Published: January 2023

This paper looks at the implementation of the joint NHS England/National Offender Management Service (NOMS) ‘Offender Personality Disorder Strategy’ (2011). It explores the opportunities and challenges it presents for applied psychologists.
The impact of waiting times and social deprivation on attendance and engagement within learning disability child and adolescent mental health services
Authors: Howison Jacqui , Anker-Peterson Sonia , Cooney Gayle
Published: January 2023

The impact of the Child and Adolescent Mental Health (CAMH) waiting time target of 26 weeks on attendance for treatment and clinician rated successful engagement on a Learning Disability CAMHS service was examined.
‘Playing with emotions’: Focused group therapy for young people with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Giombini Lucia , Cox Hannah , Nesbitt Sophie
Published: January 2023

Adolescence is commonly associated with a failure to use expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal. This project considered the changes that occurred during an emotion regulation group for young people with anorexia nervosa (AN) on these two regulatory processes.
Clinical psychology and barriers to effective leadership
Authors: Constable Chloe
Published: January 2023

Clinical psychologists have become increasingly conscious of the importance of effective leadership skills. However, there are identified barriers at the individual, professional and organisational level which may be preventing clinical psychologists from adopting a leadership role. Nevertheless, with determination to engage with the leadership agenda, there are means of addressing these barriers.
Addressing the balance of evidence and power: Personal reflections on research in recovery
Authors: Stuart Simon R.
Published: January 2023

The author recently completed a doctoral thesis using interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore people’s experiences of recovery. Here he considers that research in a wider social and political context, proposing that professionals might listen more carefully, and in new ways.
Autistic spectrum disorder post-diagnostic support group: Model outline and parental experiences
Authors: Breen Jennifer , Buckley Sarah
Published: January 2023

A model outline and evaluation of a group for parents of children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in a specialist child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) is presented. Evaluation demonstrates multiple benefits including increased undertanding of ASD, easy access to multidisciplinary clinical advice and support from other parents.
How CAMHS clinicians make sense of missed appointments: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Anderson Nichola , Howey Lynne , Colbourn Chris , Davis Chris
Published: January 2023

The aim of this research was to explore the phenomenon of missed appointments in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). It explored how clinicians experience and make sense of non-attendance by assimilating organisational and therapeutic perspectives.
Development of a code of good practice for ward rounds in an adult mental health rehabilitation service
Authors: Roche Lauren , Powell Luke , Chapman Lynn
Published: January 2023

A service evaluation of ward round processes was conducted in an adult mental health setting as a result of interest from both service user and staff groups, and results were used to generate a ‘Code of Good Practice’.
Teaching Psychology Experientially on an MEd in Human Relanons
Authors: Hall Eric , Hall Carol , Wooster Arthur
Published: January 2023

Two recent articles in the Review provided us with an examination of the introduction of a humanistic experiential interpersonal skills training element into a traditional psychology course. Carol Shillito-Clarke (1987) provided a rationale for the inclusion of an innovative experiential element in an undergraduate psychology degree course and made a strong case for the advantages both personal and professional to the students. She reported gains which could not have been made with a didactic teaching approach. Leonie Sugarman (1987) gave us an interesting and thought-provoking reply to this article describing the gains and organizational problems of including an experiential interpersonal skills element into a psychology Course. Both writers share a common theme; that is, the experiential learning process facilitates personal and social learning in a way that formally organized courses fail to do. We fully support this notion and welcome the opportunity to write about the Human Relations MEd course in the School of Education at Nottingham University, a psychology course which also includes a strong interpersonal skills training element.
Skilling the Client: An important concept for counselling psychologists
Authors: Nelson-Jones Richard
Published: January 2023

The main purpose of psychotherapy is to help clients to acquire some better skills for becoming more effective human beings once therapy ends. Human being skills are sequences of choices that people make in specific skills areas: namely, mind skills and communication/action skills areas. Mind skills include creating awareness, rules, perceptions, self-talk, visual images, explanations and expectations. Theoretical advantages of using a skills model include broadening specific approaches, for instance REBT and Cognitive Therapy, and focusing on supra-normal as well as normal and inferior functioning. Practical advantages include overcoming the divergence between training counselling psychologists in therapeutic skills, but then neither or inconsistently applying the concept of skills to clients. A three-stage skilled client model of the therapy process is presented, with each stage containing three phases. More research is required into identifying what are desirable human being skills and how best to introduce and use the concept of skills during therapy.
Third Response– Testing the way the wind blows: Innovation and a sound theoretical basis
Authors: Walsh Yvonne
Published: January 2023

Yvonne Walsh, Head of Substance Misuse and Dual; Diagnosis for North East London Mental Health Trust, was asked to reflect on working within the discourse of evidence-based practice – or of being evidence-based in her practice.
Counselling Psychology: Its influences and future
Authors: Lane David A , Corrie Sarah
Published: January 2023

Part of a Special Edition of Counselling Psychology Review on the theme of ‘The First Ten Years. Personal memoirs and a number of reflections and articles from people who have helped to shape Counselling Psychology.
Loosening chronology’s collar: Playing with the tension between time and agelessness
Authors: Sugarman Léonie
Published: January 2023

This is an edited version of the Keynote Address given at the Annual Conference of the Division of Counselling Psychology – ‘Resonances of Childhood: the makings of a person’ – York, 19 May, 2007.
Tread softly: Counselling psychology and neuroscience
Authors: Rizq Rosemary
Published: January 2023

Advances in the fields of neurobiology, cognitive neuroscience and behaviour genetics pose a significant philosophical and epistemological challenge to the models of mind and psychotherapeutic practice advocated by counselling psychology. Drawing on contemporary work within psychoanalysis, however, I argue that a marriage of neuroscientific and psychotherapeutic research is not only possible but necessary. This paper discusses current research in the fields of memory, mental state understanding and behavioural genetics and examines some of the inherent methodological and conceptual problems facing interdisciplinary research within counselling psychology. The paper concludes with a brief discussion about the ways in which counselling psychology may be well-placed to contribute to a psychotherapeutically-informed neuroscience.
Conflict, as the Achilles heel of perceptual control, offers a unifying approach to the formulation of psychological problems
Authors: Carey Timothy A.
Published: January 2023

The formulation of psychological problems is an integral part of psychological treatment. Since perceptual control theory provides one explanation of how problem-free living occurs it also suggests the form that problems might take when satisfactory day-to-day living is disrupted. In this article I briefly outline perceptual control theory and explain how psychological difficulties are conceptualised with this theory. Next I offer some examples from clinical practice which illustrate the problem formulation of perceptual control theory. Finally I explore the implications of this formulation approach for people who assist others in the amelioration of psychological troubles.
Mellow Babies: A group intervention for infants and mothers experiencing postnatal depression
Authors: Puckering Christine , McIntosh Emily , Hickey Anne , Longford Janice
Published: January 2023

Maternal postnatal depression has been associated with both short- and long-term negative effects for the child’s emotional, social and cognitive well-being (Murray & Cooper 1997; Halligan et al., 2007). Therapies that focus on supporting mothers have shown accelerated improvement in maternal well-being, but few positive effects for infants (Cooper et al., 2003; Murray et al., 2003). Where interventions focus on addressing mother-infant interaction there appears greater chance of benefit to both mothers and children (Poobalan et al., 2007).

A small waiting list controlled trial of a 14-week Mellow Babies group intervention was carried out with 17 mothers and infants under one year. Mellow Babies aims to promote both mother-infant interaction and maternal well-being. Changes in maternal depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) and the quality of mother-infant interaction (video observation) were assessed.

Maternal mood in mothers attending Mellow Babies improved, with a significant difference in EPDS scores, relative to the control group, at follow-up. Post-intervention, there was a significant difference in levels of positive interactions between groups, favouring mothers attending Mellow Babies. The difference in negative interaction between Mellow Babies and waiting-list control group approached significance, with less negative interaction observed between mothers and infants who attended the group. Participant feedback on the content and process of Mellow Babies was highly positive.

The study showed benefits from Mellow Babies for mothers and infants who had exposure to postnatal depression. Further studies with longer-term follow-up and infant outcome measures may substantiate these initial findings.
On becoming a pluralistic therapist: A case study of a student's reflexive journal
Authors: Scott Adam J , Hanley Terry
Published: January 2023

Background

Counselling psychology training courses in the UK are required to focus upon at least two therapeutic approaches. Such a stipulation means that trainees need to become competent at navigating the complexities associated with therapeutic integration (e.g. tolerating its ambiguous nature), a factor that proves commensurate with the pluralistic stance often advocated in the theoretical writings of counselling psychologists. This study intends to explore such challenges and engage with the philosophical nature of ‘being and becoming’ a pluralistic therapist.

Method

A case study design has been adopted to reflect in depth upon one counselling psychology trainee’s understanding of their developing therapeutic practice. The trainee in question kept a detailed reflexive journal whilst undertaking a training activity which involved working as a therapist over a six-week period with a colleague on the same training programme. Cooper and McLeod’s (2011) pluralistic framework for counselling and psychotherapy was actively utilised to harness the therapeutic work. The journal was analysed using thematic analysis with a view to eliciting the major themes associated to the trainee’s experience of ‘becoming a pluralistic therapist’.

Findings

Analysis of the data would indicate that the trainee was becoming a pluralistic therapist through the interaction between four selves: the Reflective Self, Thoughtful Self, Relational Self, and Skilled Self. Each of these is briefly introduced and discussed.

Discussion and Conclusion

The paper ends by reflecting upon the complexities inherent in using pluralist philosophy to underpin therapeutic work. Incorporated within this, it reflects upon some of the challenges associated with using the pluralistic framework in practice. Finally, the paper provides recommendations for those training in programmes that advocate pluralistic practice. In particular the importance of understanding pluralistic philosophy, the positive role of ambiguity, the personal nature of training, and the need for further research in this area are outlined.
Joining Educational Psychology Services as Communities of Practice: Perspectives from Educational Psychologists in Training (EPiTs) at the end of their year in training
Authors: Hutton Plum , Simm Jo ,   EPiT colleagues from the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 2002–2003
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the results of a small scale, informal survey, conducted by EPiTs from the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, during their workshop at the annual EPiT Conference held in July, 2003, at the University of Dundee.

The 32 EPiTs who attended this session comprised an opportunity sample, whose experiences prior to their year in training, perceptions of competence at the end of their year in training, views about some of the controversial issues which have long formed a focus of debate within the profession, and expectations for pay and conditions in their first year in post were surveyed.

This short paper briefly summarises findings, and discusses implications for recruitment and retention, induction and continuing professional development, and use of the knowledge and skills of newly appointed EPs in contributing to developments in service delivery.
Educational psychologists and therapeutic interventions: Preliminary findings from a UK-wide survey
Authors: Atkinson Cathy , Bragg Joanna , Squires Garry , Muscutt Janet , Wasilewski David
Published: January 2023

This article reports on the first part of a study by a group of Trainee Educational Psychologists at Manchester University. They will carry out follow-up case study visits to Educational Psychology Services (EPSs). It is hoped that they will be able to provide a further report forDebateon the qualitative data from the current survey and the case study visits.

The use of therapeutic interventions by educational psychologists (EPs) seems to feature more in EP practice now than in the past. This raises some thoughts for consideration, both as an outcome of the research reported here, and also with regard to the imminent review of the future role of educational psychology. To take this work forward the profession should be considering:

What kind of training do practicing and trainee EPs need to be therapists?

How might EPSs promote and support EPs as therapists?

How and who would evaluate the effectiveness of the therapeutic interventions?

What kind and quantity of supervision would EPs need access to and would this be specialist and different from cπirenl practice?
The use of AV1 robot avatars in schools – A tool for inclusion?
Authors: Fletcher Matthew , Bond Caroline
Published: January 2023

In recent years, there has been promising research regarding the use of the AV1 robot avatar, a telepresence device that allows children to access classroom learning remotely. Given the AV1’s promise in supporting children with long term illnesses to access their education, there is a notable gap within published, empirical research regarding the use of AV1s within the UK. In light of this, the proposed project aimed to explore the current use and impact of the AV1s, from the perspectives of UK strategic leads, to inform possible UK research for using AV1s within schools. Semi-structured interviews were held with two strategic leads. Discussions identified four prominent themes regarding the use and impact of the AV1s: Uses, Outcomes, Facilitators and Barriers. These four themes and limitations of the study are discussed, alongside implications for future research.
Illuminative evaluation
Authors: Burden Bob
Published: January 2023

This paper traces the origins of the notion of illuminative evaluation as an alternative approach to examining the effectiveness of educational institutions and innovations in contrast to the positivist paradigm traditionally favoured by psychologists. The key elements of an illuminative approach are identified and incorporated into a recently constructed model which is illustrated by reference to an ongoing school-focused project. It is suggested that such an approach has a great deal to offer to systems-oriented educational psychologists and those involved in work of a consultancy nature.
The role of rime units in reading
Authors: Deavers Rachael , Solity Jonathan
Published: January 2023

There is currently considerable debate over the most appropriate phonological unit to teach beginning readers. While developmental theories promote the role of large-units such as syllables and onset and rime, instructional theories advocate the use of small-units through grapheme-phoneme correspondences (GPCs). The practical implications of this issue have acquired particular significance since the publication of the National Literacy Strategy and its emphasis on teaching rhyming skills and large-units of spelling-to-sound correspondence. This paper reviews the literature on this debate and highlights the need for a detailed evaluation of the two styles of reading instruction (small vs large units) of the kind currently being undertaken in Essex. We summarize the results of one study which replicated Goswami’s (1993) research into children’s use of analogy on the clue word task with a sample of beginning readers who had received systematic instruction in grapheme-phoneme relationships for one, two or three terms. The findings indicate that teaching children GPCs (small units) facilitates children’s skills in reading phonically regular words and enables them to overcome the restrictions of task presentation which is hypothesized to influence the use of onset and rime in the clue word experiments.
Education, psychology and the construction of black childhood
Authors: Howitt Dennis , Owusu-Bempah Kwame
Published: January 2023

In 1985, a Committee of Inquiry, chaired by Lord Swann, proclaimed that the British school system was failing children from ethnic minority backgrounds. Fifteen years on, the question still remains as to whether we are prepared to formulate polices or design programmes to ensure that, regardless of race or ethnicity, all children have an equal chance of unfolding their potential, both within the education system and society at large. This article discusses some of the ways in which psychologists, such as Jensen, Eysenck, Rushton, and other writers, have contributed (and continue to contribute) to ethnic minority children’s difficulties in the school system. It suggests that a genuine desire for and commitment to racial justice is required both within the school system and society in order to rectify the situation. Ways in which educational psychologists and other professionals may avoid being caught in a web of institutional racism, including sensitivity to racist literature which masquerades as ‘science’ are also suggested. The authors call on psychologists to be social change agents, as opposed to guardians of the establishment, restricted to administering tests to, conducting research on, and providing psychotherapy to its victims and maintaining the status quo.
Addressing bullying in schools: Organisational factors from policy to practice
Authors: Roffey Sue
Published: January 2023

Although many educational psychologists have been involved in working with schools to establish anti-bullying policies and practice, their efforts have been met with varying levels of success. This paper begins with the identification of the generic problem of bullying and the organisational problems inherent in dealing with it. The roles that educational psychologists have taken in attempting to address the issue of bullying are illustrated by reference to practice. The formal functioning of the school as an organisation is explored and links made between bullying as a behavioural difficulty presented by pupils and models of organisational structures which either empower or intimidate staff. The limitations of these models leads to a focus on organisational culture and ways in which culture can either support or resist the process of change. The organisational factors that would need to be taken into account in implementing anti-bullying policies are summarised and the author provides a framework for evaluating a school’s ‘readiness’ to develop such an initiative. The paper concludes with a reevaluation of the educational psychologist’s role, the knowledge and skills that are needed to impact on school effectiveness and whether the culture of the profession itself is open to change.
Autism outreach services – influencing inclusive practice?
Authors: Sheppard Sue
Published: January 2023

This paper outlines the key findings of a national survey carried out in England and Wales during 1998 as part of a larger research project. A postal questionnaire was sent to all principal educational psychologists. The survey aimed to determine the presence of autism outreach/advisory services. An outreach service can be defined as one that has staff with specialist knowledge, skills and experience in a specific area. It offers support to a number of recipients, such as pupils, their families and school-based staff. Based on a return rate of 81 questionnaires (53 per cent of LEAs surveyed), this revealed that 24 (30 per cent) of local education authorities (LEAs) had some form of structured outreach/advisory services specifically catering for pupils with autistic spectrum disorders. A further 20 (24 per cent) of returns indicated emerging or informal services were in existence. Approximately a third of the autism outreach/advisory services were based in a special school. Only a very small number operated from a mainstream school. Approximately half were based on an autonomous site. The characteristics of the services varied along a number of dimensions, but a common aim was to facilitate inclusion for a group of pupils within the autistic spectrum.
A Code-A-Text analysis of reports submitted to statutory assessments procedures
Authors: Buck David
Published: January 2023

There has been much discussion within the educational profession on the nature of assessment. However, little study has been made of how this is used in the decision-making of statutory assessment procedures and the allocation of provision to children with special educational needs (SENs). This study complements earlier research by the author of a text analysis of educational psychologists’ reports, the effect of reported standardised test scores on decision-making and a study of the constructs of the decision-makers themselves.

Using text-analysis software this study investigates the relationship between the text content within professional reports submitted for statutory assessment procedures in the UK and the actual provision specified on the Statements of Special Educational Needs issued by local education authorities (LEAs). The results show how certain assessment information within the reports associates more closely with some categorisations of SEN than others. A large group of children were identified as presenting ‘moderate learning difficulties’, but the content of the reports submitted does not associate as strongly with this category of SEN as others. The validity of this category is questioned and the implications for inclusion discussed. It is suggested that the research project provides a means to include both the authors and the consumers of professional reports in a critical overview of how children are selected for identification with SENs.