bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Kebiasaan Sarapan dengan Tingkat Konsentrasi Mahasiswa Di Asrama Akademi Perawatan RS PGI Cikini Jakarta Pusat
Authors: Masleni Sici Lewi Masleni , Siringo-Ringo Lince , Yemina Loritta
Published: March 2022

Sarapan merupakan suatu hal yang wajib dilakukan setiap pagi karena tubuh membutuhkan asupan glukosa untuk meningkatkan kemampuan otak untuk dapat konsentrasi dalam belajar. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa gambaran kebiasaan sarapan pagi dengan tingkat konsentrasi mahasiswa di Asarama Akademi Perawatan RS PGI Cikini Jakarta Pusat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 64 mahasiswa di Asrama Akademi Perawatan RS PGI Cikini, penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik total sampling. Kuesioner yang digunakan untuk memperoleh kebiasaan sarapan dan tingkat konsentrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dominan mahasiswa jarang melakukan sarapan pagi (58,7%), tingkat konsentrasi sedang (59%). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa di Asrama Akademi Perawatan RS PGI Cikini memiliki kebiasaan jarang melakukan sarapan 58,7%. Mahasiswa di Asrama Akademi Perawatan RS PGI Cikini memiliki tingkat konsentrasi sedang 59%.
MAKNA DAN SIMBOL KESENIAN SINTREN SEBAGAI MEDIA DAKWAH ISLAM
Authors: Irmawati Irmawati
Published: March 2022

Abstract

This research is entitled Meaning and Symbol of Sintren Art as Islamic Da'wah Media. The study aimed to describe the symbols and meaning of Islamic da'wah media in sintren art. It employed a descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach. The findings of the research revealed that the art of sintren as a medium of Islamic da'wah, from each scene has Islamic symbols and meanings which is a spectacle that guides the public. The Sintren performance has local wisdom values and icons for the people of Cirebon, for example, religious, social, educational, and language values. The results of this research are expected to have the power to foster public appreciation of traditional arts and to socialize the concept of local wisdom values through academic and community education.

Keywords: Meaning, Sintren Art Symbols, Dakwah media
An Analytical Research on Human Rights viz a viz Fundamental Rights in India
Authors: Bhattacharjee Dr Baloy
Published: March 2022

Human rights are the rights relating to overall development of every individual. Every citizen as well as non- citizens caries their rights wherever they go. Simultaneously human rights are essential for the overall development of every individual. In the constitution of India various provisions are there that reflects the basic rights which are also known as fundamental rights. But the thing is that there are some specified as well as some unspecified fundamental rights. But the most important thing is that in India there is Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 with an objective of protecting human beings from violations of Human rights to prevent and punish any gross violation on human rights. India is the largest democracy of the world. Being a democratic country we have to protect our basic rights of the people. Government of India has also given due consideration to the recognition and protection of human rights. The Constitution of India recognizes those rights of the people and yawn them for every individuals concern. Then also violation of Human rights still exist by other form like forced labour, forced prostitution, immoral trafficking, low wages, gender discrimination etc.
Silver(I) complexes with phenolic Schiff bases: Synthesis, anti-bacterial evaluation and interaction with biomolecules
Authors: Loginova Natalia , Gvozdev Maxim , Osipovich Nikolai , Khodosovskaya Alina , Koval’chuk-Rabchinskaya Tatiana , Ksendzova Galina , Kotsikau Dzmitry , Evtushenkov Anatoly
Published: March 2022

Novel Ag(I) complexes (2a–2c) with phenolic Schiff bases were synthesized using 4,6-di-tert-butyl-3-(((5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino)methyl)benzene-1,2-diol (1a), 4,6-di-tert-butyl-3-(((4-mercaptophe­nyl­)­imino)­methyl)benzene-1,2-diol (1b), and 4,6-di-tert-butyl-3-(((3-mercaptophenyl)imino)methyl)­benzene-1,2-diol (1c). They were examined by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, XRD, cyclic voltammetry, conductivity measurements, and biological methods. The complexes are characterized by distorted geometry of the coordination cores AgN2S2 (2c), AgNS (2b) and AgS2 (2a). These stable complexes were not typified by the intramolecular redox reaction in organic solvents resulting in the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Antibacterial activity of 1a–1c and 2a–2c was evaluated in comparison with AgNPs and commonly used antibiotics. All the complexes were more active than the ligands against the bacteria tested (14), but they were less active than AgNPs and commonly used antibiotics. Both 1a–1c and their complexes 2a–2c exhibited the capability for the bovine heart Fe(III)-Cyt c reduction. The ligands 1b and 1c were characterized by the highest reduction rate among the compounds under study, and they showed a higher reducing ability (determined by cyclic voltammetry) as compared with that of their Ag(I) complexes 2b and 2c.
Role of Organizational Silence in the Professional Performance of Frontline Staff in the Hospital Structure: A Path Analysis
Authors: Khosravizadeh Omid , Ahadinezhad Bahman , Shahsavari Saeed , Ghiasvand Maryam , Mehri Milad
Published: March 2022

Background: Performance is the primary concern of every organizational manager, and achieving higher performance is a significant goal of every organization. Organizational silence may adversely affect organizational performance. Healthcare centers should pay special attention to this issue due to their different job descriptions and environments compared to other sectors. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of organizational silence and its dimensions on the professional performance of health workers in the medical centers in Qazvin province, Iran in 2020. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study in terms of objective and a cross-sectional study in terms of design. The study was conducted in the medical centers affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. In total, 365 questionnaires were distributed to select a sample of the healthcare workers from the selected centers in proportion to the total number of the staff. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using path analysis at the significance level of 0.05. Results: A significant, inverse (negative) correlation was observed between organizational silence and the professional performance of the staff (P < 0.05). Among various dimensions of organizational silence, the highest and lowest mean scores belonged to acquiescent silence (15.633 ± 4.291) and altruistic silence (12.180 ± 3.719), respectively. As for the dimensions of professional performance, the highest and lowest mean scores belonged to evaluation (29.675 ± 6.071) and help (15.087 ± 3.206), respectively. Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended that the organizational atmosphere of the medical centers be improved so that the healthcare workers could provide feedback without concerns of being criticized by colleagues and superiors and the fear of consequences.
Assessment of Postdural Puncture Headache in Women Under Elective Cesarean Section: A Randomized Trial Study
Authors: Jadidi Fatemeh , Jadidi Farzaneh , Khorramnia Saeed , Bazmandegan Gholamreza
Published: March 2022

Background: Spinal anesthesia is the most common anesthesia technique used for cesarean section. Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is one of the consequences following spinal anesthesia. Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to compare the incidence of PDPH with 25-gauge Quincke and Whitacre’s spinal needles. Secondary outcomes were mean severity of PDPH, need for analgesic, movement limitation, and associated symptoms and signs followed up for 1 week after surgery. Methods: In this randomized trial study, 130 women were randomly divided into 2 equal groups based on the excel file and random between function. They received spinal anesthesia with either Quincke or Whitacre spinal needles. The incidence of PDPH was followed up 1 week later. Among PDPH women, secondary outcomes and symptoms/signs (such as nausea, vomiting, neck pain, and shoulder pain) were evaluated for 1 week after surgery. Results: All 130 women completed the study. PDPH was observed in 16 women (12.3%), including 6 (9.2%) in the Whitacre group and 10 (15.4%) in the Quincke group, which was not statically significant (P = 0.424). However, secondary outcomes and associated signs and symptoms were more common in the Whitacre group than in the Quincke group, followed up for 1 week in this trial. It can be related to more primary headache history in the Whitacre group than in the Quincke group. Conclusions: Overall, the Whitacre spinal needle is better than Quincke in reducing the incidence of PDPH, but primary headache history in young women causes higher mean severity of PDPH in them. Also, primary headache history causes more associated symptoms and signs in women with PDPH.
A Bayesian Attack-Network Modeling Approach to Mitigating Malware-Based Banking Cyberattacks
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Mulungushi University, Zimba Aaron
Published: March 2022

According to Cybersecurity Ventures, the damage related to cybercrime is projected to reach $6 trillion annually by 2021. The majority of the cyberattacks are directed at financial institutions as this reduces the number of intermediaries that the attacker needs to attack to reach the target - monetary proceeds. Research has shown that malware is the preferred attack vector in cybercrimes targeted at banks and other financial institutions. In light of the above, this paper presents a Bayesian Attack Network modeling technique of cyberattacks in the financial sector that are perpetuated by crimeware. We use the GameOver Zeus malware for our use cases as it’s the most common type of malware in this domain. The primary targets of this malware are any users of financial services. Today, financial services are accessed using personal laptops, institutional computers, mobile phones and tablets, etc. All these are potential victims that can be enlisted to the malware’s botnet. In our approach, phishing emails as well as Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) which are exhibited in various systems are employed to derive conditional probabilities that serve as inputs to the modeling technique. Compared to the state-of-the-art approaches, our method generates probability density curves of various attack structures whose semantics are applied in the mitigation process. This is based on the level exploitability that is deduced from the vertex degrees of the compromised nodes that characterizes the probability density curves.
Mitigation of DDOS and MiTM Attacks using Belief Based Secure Correlation Approach in SDN-Based IoT Networks
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, Pillai College of Engineering, Navi Mumbai, Mumbai University, Cherian Mimi M , Varma Satishkumar L.
Published: March 2022

In recent years the domain of Internet of Things (IoT) has acquired great interest from the ICT community. Environmental observation and collecting information is one of the key reasons that IoT infrastructure facilitates the creation of many varieties of the latest business methods and applications. There are however still issues about security measures to be resolved to ensure adequate operation of devices. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are currently the most severe virtual threats that are causing serious damage to many IoT devices. With this in mind, numerous research projects were carried out to discover new methods and develop Novel techniques and solutions for DDOS attacks prevention. The use of new technology, such as software-defined networking (SDN) along with IoT devices has proven to be an innovative solution to mitigate DDoS attacks. In this article, we are using a novel data sharing system in IoT units that link IoT units with the SDN controller and encrypt information from IoT unit. We use conventional Redstone cryptographic algorithms to encrypt information from IoT devices in this framework. The Proposed Belief Based Secure Correlation methodology supports the prevention of DDOS attacks and other forms of data attacks. The system proposes new routes for transmission through the controller and communicates with approved switches for the safe transmission of data. To simulate our entire scenario, we proposed the algorithm Belief Based Secure Correlation (BBSC) implemented in SDN–IoT Testbed and verified IoT data is secure during transmission in the network.
Eye Gaze Relevance Feedback Indicators for Information Retrieval
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Benue State University, Makurdi, PMB102119, Nigeria, Akuma Stephen
Published: March 2022

There is a growing interest in the research on interactive information retrieval, particularly in the study of eye gaze-enhanced interaction. Feedback generated from user gaze features is important for developing an interactive information retrieval system. Generating these gaze features have become less difficult with the advancement of the eye tracker system over the years. In this work, eye movement as a source of relevant feedback was examined. A controlled user experiment was carried out and a set of documents were given to users to read before an eye tracker and rate the documents according to how relevant they are to a given task. Gaze features such as fixation duration, fixation count and heat maps were captured. The result showed a medium linear relationship between fixation count and user explicit ratings. Further analysis was carried out and three classifiers were compared in terms of predicting document relevance based on gaze features. It was found that the J48 decision tree classifier produced the highest accuracy.
Technology Adoption in Pakistani Banking Industry using UTAUT
Authors:   Department of Computer Science Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Khan M. Mustafa , Mahmood Waqas
Published: March 2022

The success of any software product could be measured by its uses and adoption of that technology by the end-users. In this study, we investigate the factors on which bank user intents to adopt internet banking in Pakistan. A survey was conducted on Pakistani banking industry customers using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model which explains the intention of bank users to use the banking systems. The four predictors of UTAUT which were facilitating conditions, social influence, effort expectancy and performance expectancy were significant in predicting the intention of bank users to adopt the banking systems. Finally, we discuss the results, restrictions, implications and future recommendations. The findings of the study may help to provide insights into a better approach to promote e-banking acceptance.
Classification of Leaf Disease Using Global and Local Features
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Cox’s Bazar City College, Bangladesh, Dhar Prashengit , Rahman Md. Shohelur , Abedin Zainal
Published: March 2022

Leaf disease of plants causes great loss in productivity of crops. So proper take care of plants is mandatory. Plants can be affected by various diseases. So Early diagnosis of leaf disease is a good practice. Computer vision-based classification of leaf disease can be a great way in diagnosing diseases early. Early detection of diseases can lead to better treatment. Vision based technology can identify disease quickly. Though deep learning is trending and using vastly for recognition task, but it needs very large dataset and also consumes much time. This paper introduced a method to classify leaf diseases using Gist and LBP (Local Binary Pattern) feature. These manual feature extraction process need less time. Combination of gist and LBP features shows significant result in classification of leaf diseases. Gist is used as global feature and LBP as local feature. Gist can describe an image very well as a scene. LBP is robust to illumination changes and occlusions and computationally simple. Various diseases of different plants are considered in this study. Gist and LBP features from images are extracted separately. Images are pre-processed before feature extraction. Then both feature matrix is combined using concatenation method. Training and testing is done on different plants separately. Different machine learning model is applied on the feature vector. Result from different machine learning algorithms is also compared. SVM performs better in classifying plant's leaf dataset.
A study on criminal regulation of infringing trade secrets
Authors:   Zhongyuan University of Technology, ZHANG Qiufang
Published: March 2022

With the development of the times, there have been more and more violations of trade secrets, which are characterized by internationalization and huge losses. Due to the relatively weak protection of trade secrets in criminal law, there are still many problems in legal practice, so that the interests of the parties are difficult to be effectively protected. On analyzing the current situation of the protection of commercial secret criminal law in China and comparing with the crimes of commercial secrets in the United States and Germany, this article puts forward some suggestions on perfecting the criminal law of infringing trade secrets, such as supplementing the crime of violating trade secrets, specific explanation for "heavy losses" and perfecting the allocation of "crime and punishment".
The Research on the Role Status of China’s Software Service Outsourcing Based on the Partnership of Service Outsourcing Networks
Authors:   School of International Studies, Guangdong University of Education, ZHANG Mei
Published: March 2022

China has been greatly engaging in global outsourcing services. Despite the increase in global outsourcing services industry, yet the service trade is in deficit and the export trades in service mainly concentrate on the travel, transportation and other business service, both of which indi-cate the comparatively low competitiveness of Chinese service in the world. The nature of partnerships involved between China’s service business undertakers and their overseas clients have not received adequate attention in the scholarly literature. The study analyzed three possible types of outsourcing networks partnership which include tactical, strategic and transformational partnership. Based on software development “waterfall model”, the network role status in undertaking outsourcing service of China are explained and the analysis results show that the tactical partnership plays a key role on the value chain of China’s software outsourcing in the global networks. It is concluded that China’s low value chain in software outsourcing networks is determined by the tactical partnership. Some suggestions on how to improve China’s software outsourcing industry include culti-vating the leading enterprises, building up an intermediary organization, enlarging the clustering effect in industrial park and taking advantage of the Belt and Road Initiative market and Japanese market.
Pressure ulcers from prone positioning in COVID-19 patients: Developing clinical indicators in evidence-based practice: A retrospective study
Authors: Ramírez-Marín Hassiel Aurelio , Soto-Mota Adrian , Alanis-Mendizabal Jorge , Escobar-Valderrama Juan Manuel , Domínguez-Cherit Judith Guadalupe
Published: March 2022

Background: A notable pandemic arisen during the COVID-19 pandemic has developed globally in intensive care units, with patients developing pressure ulcers (PUs) after being ventilated mechanically in the prone position. Objectives: The aim was to identify risk factors independently predictive of the development of PUs in adult patient populations treated with prone positioning and to evaluate a possible epidemiological association between the prevalence of PUs and specific clinical characteristics so as to develop clinical indicators for the prevention of PUs. Finally, the aim was to examine our study participants against the incidence of PUs with respect to the length of their stay. Methods: : This retrospective study enrolled patients hospitalized during the period of May 2020 through January 2021. Data was collected from 299 patients hospitalized and having required prone positioning ventilatory therapy in critical care areas (short-stay units, emergency units, and intensive care units), all of which had developed Pus of at least grade two according to the classification system proposed by the NPUAP/EPUAP. Results: : Patients who had developed PUs had a longer hospitalization stay overall and were more prone to die during hospitalization. Patients who developed Pus were more frequently males, with higher initial levels of CPK and ferritin. Conclusions: The study reveals valuable information on the most important risk factors in the development of PUs due to prone positioning. We have described how the total number of days of hospitalization is significantly related to the development of PUs. Even a PU is not a life-threatening lesion, the implementation of improved positioning protocols may enhance results in critical patient care. We believe that this is a current, globally underestimated problem as the incidence of COVID-19 patients requiring prone positioning—and, therefore, at risk for PUs—is increasing daily.
Riscos sobre música: ensaios – repetições – provas
Authors: Menezes Flo
Published: March 2022

Neste livro, Flo Menezes reúne seus principais textos e retoma a discussão estética sobre a música nova, além de publicar análises inéditas em forma de manuscritos de algumas das principais composições para a cena musical moderna. Os temas estão organizados em três partes: Ensaios, Repetições e Provas, nas quais o autor discorre sobre as vanguardas históricas, a música eletroacústica e sobre algumas de suas obras.
Geografia e anarquismo: a importância do pensamento de Piotr Kropotkin para a ciência
Authors: Paula Amir El Hakim de
Published: March 2022

Este livro procura discutir as principais contribuições para a ciência do pensador russo Piotr Kropotkin, um dos principais intelectuais do anarquismo no fim do século XIX e início do século XX. Embora respeitado no século XIX, ainda são escassos os debates sobre a obra de Kropotkin, principalmente sobre sua teoria do apoio mútuo e a influência que ela teria na organização dos seres vivos (incluindo os seres humanos). Relacionando suas pesquisas empíricas na Sibéria com a questão darwinista da “sobrevivência do mais capaz”, Kropotkin percebe que, ao contrário do que afirmavam alguns evolucionistas, naquela região predominava uma “estranha” sociabilidade, na qual se destacava a solidariedade entre indivíduos de uma mesma espécie, que desse modo conseguiam levar vantagem sobre seus “inimigos” naturais. Compreender a teoria do apoio mútuo e suas implicações no debate científico do século XIX permite-nos também perceber de que forma Kropotkin contribuiu para a constituição teórica de uma Geografa mais humanista, solidária e crítica.
Modified Algorithm Based on Quadratic Correlation Time Delay Estimation
Authors: Jing Zheng , Zheng Yu-Zheng , Meng Jian-Yu
Published: March 2022

In the passive positioning system, the traditional generalized cross-correlation algorithm estimates the effect under the influence of noise and reverberation, while the delay estimation algorithm after homomorphic filtering reduces the anti-reverb ability of the cross-correlation algorithm, but also reduces the cross-correlation of the signal, resulting in the decrease in the noise resistance of the cross-correlation algorithm. Based on this, the quadratic cross-correlation operation of the full-pass component of the signal is performed after homomorphic filtering to improve its noise immunity. In addition, the Introduction of Hilbert Difference sharpens the secondary cross-correlation peaks to make peak detection that reflects the time delay more accurate. Experimental simulation shows that the proposed method can effectively suppress the influence of noise and reverberation in non-stationary speech signals, and improve the performance of delay estimation.
Neuronal Quantification of Subthalamic Nucleus in Adult Human Cadaveric Brain- A Histological Study
Authors: Kohli Mangala , Mahajan Reeha , Athira PA
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) has emerged as a preferred target site for deep brain stimulation for various neurological disorders. There is scarcity of literature on the internal structure of subthalamic nucleus. Aim: To study its microanatomy and quantification of its various cells in different age groups. Materials and Methods: The study design of the current study is of cross-sectional type which was done on 30 cadaveric brains in Anatomy department of Lady Hardinge medical college, New Delhi which were divided into three age groups ranging from 20 to >50 years. The subthalamic nucleus was fixed and subjected to standard tissue processing procedure. The sections were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Nissl and Haggqvist staining. The neurons and neuroglia were studied in 25 representative areas, measuring 75166 μm2 in each age group, using the upright binocular optical microscope and image analysis software. The number of neurons and neuroglia with their ratio was calculated and results were statistically analysed using Microsoft Excel software (2010 version). Results: Three types of neurons were identified as multipolar, fusiform and pear-shaped neurons. The ratio of neuroglia to neurons in the three age groups was calculated as: Group A-9.197, Group B-9.274 and Group C-10.478. A p-value of 0.04 was observed on comparing the neuronal and neuroglial density in Group A and C, demonstrating a significant increase in the density of neuroglia with age. Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study can provide prerequisite knowledge to anatomists, pathologists, and neurosurgeons for detection of various pathologies and interventional procedures, respectively.
Effect of Crop Matrix on Insect – Plant Interaction under Two Environmental Regimes on Cowpea
Authors: Sasikumar K. , Ganapathy N. , Shanthi M.
Published: March 2022

The results revealed that inland ecosystem (Srivilliputtur) during summer and winter 2017, cowpea + sorghum intercrop system recorded low numbers aphid, thrips, pod bug and spotted pod borer viz., (7.52 and 10.57/10 cm twigs, 0.96 and 2.06/10 flowers, 0.96 and 2.05/plant and 0.72 and 1.24 larvae/plant respectively) followed by cowpea + pigeonpea (8.65 and 11.64, 1.30 and 2.19, 1.04 and 2.17 and 0.99 and 2.09 larvae/plant respectively) compared to pure crop of cowpea (12.11 and 6.54/10cm twigs, 2.02 and 4.13/10 flowers, 2.08 and 3.25/plant and 1.71 and 2.99 larvae/plant respectively). In inland ecosystem during winter 2017, the mean number of leaf hopper low in intercropped with cowpea + pigeonpea (0.87/3 leaves) during summer 2017 and intercropped with cowpea+ sorghum was low (1.25/ 3 leaves).where as in coastal ecosystem (Kamudhi) during summer and winter 2017, Leaf hopper, aphid, thrips, pod bug and spotted pod borer viz., (0.57 and 1.24/3leaves, 7.06 and 8.56/10 cm twig, 0.88 and 1.76/10 flower, 0.75 and 2.09/plant and 0.8 and 1.95 larvae/plant respectively) were low with cowpea + sorghum followed by cowpea + pigeonpea (0.85 and 1.37/3leaves, 8.72 and 9.40/10 cm twig, 1.12 and 2.14/10 flowers, 0.86 and 2.19/plant and 0.78 and 1.95 larvae/plant respectively) which was significantly minimum than pure crop of cowpea (1.21 and 2.54/ 3 leafhopper, 11.39 and 14.58/10 cm twigs, 1.81 and 3.67/10 flowers, 1.86 and 3.26/plant and 0.26 and 0.30 larvae/plant respectively).
Price Spread and Marketing Efficiency of Black Gram in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Kumar R. Ramesh , Malarkodi M. , Uma K.
Published: March 2022

A study was conducted to analyze the marketing channels, marketing cost, price spread, and marketing efficiency of Black Gram in Tamil Nadu, India. Both primary and secondary data were used. The primary data pertained to the year 2020-21 and it was collected from 60 Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) with 5 market intermediaries were also interviewed through pre-tested questionnaires. The main findings reveals that majority of the sample FPOs (76.00 per cent) followed the channel I which involves producer, FPOs and consumer and (24.00 per cent) of them followed channel II by involving producer, FPO, wholesalers, retailer and consumer. The total marketing cost incurred by participants in channel I and channel II was Rs.18 and Rs.25. In channel I, among the various cost incurred by FPO, electricity and storage cost had the major share of 27.78 per cent. In channel II, among the various cost incurred by the FPO, transportation cost and storage cost had the major share of 40.00 per cent. The price spread of channel I and channel II were Rs.38 and Rs.48. The result revealed that the price spread was higher in channel II compared to channel I. Channel I was more cost effective for Black gram farmers. The marketing efficiency of channel I and channel II was 6.11 and 4.8. The results revealed that the marketing efficiency was relatively higher in marketing channel I.
Development of Scale to measure the Behavioural Intention of Farmers to Adopt Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture
Authors: Pradhan Sabyasachi , Khare N. K. , Singh P. K. , Bisht Kamini , Naberia Seema
Published: March 2022

A scale was developed to measure the "Behavioural intention of farmers to adopt Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (NSA)". Based on the review of literature and discussion with the expert's, 74 statements were enlisted. The Likert's summated rating technique was followed in the construction of scale. The list of 74 statements was sent to a panel of 120 experts with the request, to critically evaluate each statement for itsrelevancy to measure thebehavioural intention of farmers to adopt Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture. Out of 120 expertsselected for the scale construction, 40 experts responded in time and at the earliest. Based on their judgment an aggregate of 40 statements was selected. Statements having Relevancy Weightage 0.80 and Mean Relevancy Score 2.4 were considered for the item analysis. In item analysis, the selected 40 statements were administered on 40 farmers in the non-sample area. Finally, a total of 24 statements were selected for the study, based on the‘t’ values (> 1.75) resulted from the item analysis and were included in the final scale. The ‘R’ value of the scale was found to be 0.732 and the value of Cronbach’s alpha found to be 0.776 which was significant at 1% level indicating the high reliability. Hence, the scale developed wasfound to reliable and valid. Thus, the instrument developed to measure the behavioural intention of farmers to adopt Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture.
Effect of Spacing and Pruning Methods on Root Yield and Yield Parameters of Cassava (Mahinot esculenta Crantz) in Fedis District, East Harerghe Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Benti Gebisa , Tadesse Fikadu , Degefa Gezu , Waqgari Girma , Jafar Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Due to the long duration of cassava roots maturity, drought and disease problems, intercropping grain and legumes in cassava should be developed. To intercrop component crops, it is important to reduce cassavas’ canopy through the evaluation of the pruning effect on root yields. The study was aimed to determine the effects of different plant spacing and pruning methods on root yield and root yield parameters of cassava grown in Eastern part of Ethiopia. Cassava variety ‘Kello’ was used for the experiment as a test crop. Five cassava plant intra-row spacing (0.60, 0.80, 1.00, 1.20 and 1.40 m) were assigned to main plots while pruning methods (cutback, debranching and no pruning) were assigned to sub plots. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement with three replications. The result revealed that there were highly significant differences for number of roots per plant, root length, average root weight and unmarketable due to the effect of pruning, while significant differences was observed for total root yields due to intra-row spacing. There were also highly significant interaction effects for marketable and total root yields due to the effects of intra-row spacing and pruning. Cassava with no pruning recorded about, 21.9 and 25.7%, 10 and 26.4%, 17.2 and 19.9%, 43.5 and 58.7% over cassava with debranching and cutback for number of roots per plant, root diameter, root length and root weights, respectively. Cassava pruning and intra-row spacing also interacted and the highest root yield was recorded at 80 cm with cassava no pruning. Averagely, cassava with no pruning provided the highest marketable and total root yield by about 39.3 and 44.7%, 35.8 and 41.6% over cassava with debranching and cutback, respectively. Therefore, considering the land scarcity of the area intra-row plant spacing of 80 cm and cassava with no pruning was recommended for the study area and similar agro-ecology for land economy in eastern Harerghe zone.
Xylanase-producing Fungi Diversity in the Soil of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Qahtani Amera Naser , Perveen Kahkashan , Alwahibi Mona S.
Published: March 2022

Aims: To assess the diversity of xylanase-producing fungi in the soil of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, as well as the xylanase-producing potential of the isolated fungi.

Methodology: A total of ten soil samples were collected from five different sites in the Jeddah district, Saudi Arabia. The soil samples were subjected to a soil dilution assay to estimate the total fungal counts and density percentage of isolated fungal species on xylan agar medium. Further, the xylanase activity of the isolated fungi was assayed using xylan from birch wood (0.01%) as the substrate.

Results: A total of twelve fungal species (A. alternata, A. flavus, A. niger, A. terreus, B. cinerea, F. roseum, F. solani, P. chrsogenum, P. italicum, P. canescens, R. microsporus, and R. oryzae) related to six genera were isolated from the ten soil samples. The population of different fungi and the isolated species varies at different sites. Overall, A. niger was isolated with the highest occurrence and population density (37.2%). Moderate occurrence was shown by both P. chrsogenum (18.6%) and R. microsporus (23.5%). The maximum significant value (P=0.05) of extracellular xylanase enzyme was observed in the culture filtrate of A. alternata (0.58 units/ml), whereas the minimum value was detected with F. roseum (0.20 units/ml).

Conclusion: The soil in the Jeddah district of Saudi Arabia has a good population of xylanase-producing fungi. The relative density of the isolated fungi varied in different soils. The isolated fungal species were capable of producing xylanase. The isolated fungus, A. alternata, should be explored further for its extracellular xylanase production for use in biotechnology applications.
Cost-benefit Analysis of Cocoa Production in Idanre Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Oladoyin O. P. , Aturamu O. A.
Published: March 2022

This study was carried out to investigate the cost-benefit of cocoa production in Idanre Local Government Area of Ondo State. Primary data were used for this study and a well-structured questionnaire and personal interview were used for the collection of the data. The production data covered a period of 3years (2018-2020). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, budgetary technique and multiple regression analysis. The study showed that the majority (64.2%) of the farmers were within the active age group, with an average age of 55years old. About 72.5% of the cocoa farmers were male and 27.5% were female. The majority (68.3%) of the farmers were married and nearly (65.0%) had a household size of 4 – 6 members. The sampled cocoa farmers had an average farming experience of 17 years, while about 75% of the farmers had formal education and 25% had no formal education. The study revealed that the total costs were estimated to be N165,001.85, N120,822.62 and N108,243.55 for the period of 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. The study recorded a Net Farm Income of N360,437.17, N499,228.80 and N591,993.82 across the years. The result of the cost-benefit analysis showed that at an interest rate of 20%, cocoa production was profitable. Also, a benefit-cost ratio of 4.48 was obtained indicating that for every N1 invested in cocoa production, a profit of N3.48 kobo was made as a profit which implies that cocoa production was profitable in the study area. The result revealed that inadequate credit facilities are the major constraint in the study area followed by inadequate modern equipment. This implies that the majority of the cocoa farmers are still practising the traditional farming method. Therefore, it is recommended that extension workers should be visiting the farmers in the study area regularly to enlighten them on modern techniques to adopt to boost cocoa production in the study area.
The Impact of Behavior Biases on Investor Decision Making Regarding Financial Securities
Authors: Ali Sidhu Tamoor , Zain Ali , Raza Ali , Sajjad Rehan
Published: March 2022

Investor’s irrationality is an inevitable truth that has been over and over highlighted by using researchers [1]. Consequently, this look at is any other effort to assess the role of behavioral biases in financial choice making in Pakistan stock alternate (PSX). A survey questionnaire is designed and used to acquire responses the use of convenience sampling approach from pattern of 184 investor of PSX. Behavioral biases encompass overconfidence, anchoring, disposition, representativeness and availability bias impact of traders. Multiple regression models are used to check impact of five behavioral biases on investment decision. We want to test whether or not those biases overconfidence, anchoring, disposition, representativeness and availability bias effect have significant effective impact on investment decision or not. Primarily based on effects we conclude that whether or not there are lots adjustments in investment decision is because of behavioral biases. This look at will help financial advisors to better recommendation their customers. The only way to reduce these biases can be education and education of traders.
The Possibility of Using Probiotics in the Aquaculture of Freshwater Fish
Authors: Lili Walim , Permana Rega , . Junianto , . Rosidah
Published: March 2022

Listed as one of the highest producer of aquaculture fish, Indonesia’s fisheries sector holds a promising potential to be developed as source of global food security. The total production value of both inland and marine farming from both fish and non-fish species were reported to be increased each year. The current government targeted to excel the production up to 25% by 2024. To support this, many innovation and research have been done to accelerate the production of cultured fish, especially fresh water fish which demand is always high in the market. Several fresh water fish commodities have a poor growing performances, such as growth rate, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate. Thus, a probiotics were used to boost their performance. Probiotics is known for their ability to enhance the growth of fish by secreting enzyme which beneficial to breakdown complex compounds, making it easier to digest for the fish. It is also commercially widespread in the market in various form, either incorporated to the feed or directly use to the medium. In this review, a comprehensive analysis of how probiotics help to increase aquaculture efficiency of fresh water fish will be thoroughly discussed. The discussion will be focus on three fresh water fish species, which are Gouramy fingerlings (Oshpronemus gouramy) Siamese catfish (Pangasius hypopthalmus) And Nilem fish (Osteochillus hasselti) .
Statistical Analysis on the Impact of Tropospheric Temperature and Relative Humidity on Downlink Satellite Communication System over Warri, Delta State
Authors: Ezekwesili Opara C. , Zhimwang J. T. , Ogherohwo E. P , Shaka O. S.
Published: March 2022

This study was aimed at analyzing the effect of temperature and relative humidity on downlink satellite communication systems over Warri, in Delta State, Nigeria. The data used in this study were temperature, relative humidity and radio signal strength (RSS) obtained from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) for the years 2018 and 2019 respectively, both from January to December. Davis Vantage Vue weather station was used to measure the temperature and relative humidity while Spectrum analyzer was used to measure RSS. Both instruments were set to function simultaneously. Results obtained for all the months shows that the level of radio signal strength under the influence of temperature is higher either RSS ≥ 65% compare to that of relative humidity either RSS ≤ 64% which also fluctuate the level of RSS on daily basis, throughout the years under review. It was realized that there is a variation in the refractive index of the medium through which the radiowaves are propagated, due to the variations in the temperature and relative humidity, these adversely affect the received signals strength over the downlink satellite communication systems. The results obtained from this study will serve as guide for link budget design for satellite communication operators within the study. Therefore, similar study of this kind is recommended in other locations experiencing severe weather conditions.
Challenges in Using Computerized Systems for Admission into Colleges of Education
Authors: Jnr Gyane Solomon Ofori , Atta Senior Isaac Ampofo
Published: March 2022

In most educational institutions, the computerized selection system (CSS) consists of a collection of different hardware and software requiring disparate supporting infrastructures and offering little in the way of integration. However, university admission is no exception, but it is organized very differently throughout the world. Thus, the goal is to determine the challenges in the use of the computerized system for admission into colleges of education affiliated with the University of Cape Coast. The methodology for the study was a descriptive design with a quantitative method. The total population for the study was 255, with a sample size of 192 admission officers, quality assurance staff, and heads of departments. The results of the study show that one of the challenges of a computerized system for admission is that the system forces some candidates initially selected to grant their place in the list to others far behind. The study’s findings discovered a negative weak association between the challenges of using a computerized system for admission and its’ efficiency.
Are We at their Mercy? A Perceptual Study of Journalists on the Ethical Implications of Citizen Journalism
Authors: Fabian N. Okalla, , Emeka W. Etumnu, , Okechukwu Anyanwu, K. , U. Odionyenma Chimeremeze , Ezinne C Akahieobi,
Published: March 2022

This study examined what could be the perception of Imo State based mainstream journalists on citizen journalism.The democratic-participant media theory was used as the theoretical foundation. The survey research approach was employed in the study. 180 registered journalists in Owerri formed the population and due to the manageable size of the population the census principle was adopted. The questionnaire was used to gather data. The instrument was face validated. The analysis was done using percentages and the hypothesis was done using SPSS statistical tool. Findings revealed that at an average of 59 percent respondents perceived citizen journalism as not reliable when it comes to source of information for news; citizen journalists are not well dispose to carry out journalism job properly and that citizen journalists do not consider truth, fact etc before publishing. Also on the average 54.4 percent result confirmed that among professional journalists citizen journalism is nothing to write home about and hence they do not accept it in carrying out their own job of journalism. It was recommended that citizen journalists should be trained on the journalistic ethical guidelines so that they will know the implications of flouting journalistic guiding principles and that professional journalists should endeavour to keep maintaining their practice of scrutinizing news coming from citizen journalism so that their integrity will not be under question.
Calibration and Validation of CERES-Wheat Model for Wheat Varieties under Raipur District of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Patel Anil , Puranik H. V. , Beck Manoj Kumar
Published: March 2022

The current study "Calibration and validation of CERES-Wheat model for wheat varieties under Raipur district of Chhattisgarh" was carried out in the Department of Agrometerology, IGKV, Raipur, for which a field experiment was done at the college of Agriculture's farm field Raipur at latitude of 21.25’ N, longitudes 81.62’E and altitude 289.5 m above mean sea level. Along with 3 wheat variety (Kanchan, HD2967 and CG1013) and three growing environment D1 (26th Nov), D2 (06th Dec) and D3 (16th Dec). This paper aimed to Genetic co-efficient of three wheat varieties determined and calibration & validation the DSSAT model. Result of study revealed that closer estimation of Validation shows days to anthesis, days to maturity and grain yields % of error and Root mean square erro (RMSE) observed values were 2.8%, 2.8%, 4.2% of error and 1.41%,1.41%, 2.12% RMSE in D1, D2, D3 for Kanchan variety and HD2967 were observed 1.4%, 4.1%, 5.6% of error and 0.71%, 2.12%, 2.83% of RMSE respectively. CG1013 observed in 1.4%, 4.2%, 7.0% of error and 0.71%, 2.12%, 3.54% RMSE respectively. Days to maturity observed in 2.7%, 6.5%, 8.6% of error and 2.12%, 4.93%, 6.36% RMSE in D1, D2, D3 for Kanchan variety and HD2967 were observed 2.7%, 1.8%, 7.4% of error and 2.12%, 1.41%, 5.66% RMSE respectively. CG1013 observed values were 0.9%, 4.7%, 7.7% and RMSE observed were 0.71%, 3.54%, 5.66% respectively. Grain yield observed were 3.9%, 1.1%, 0.6% of error and 81.32%, 21.92%, 11.31% RMSE in D1, D2, D3 for Kanchan variety and HD2967 were observed 2.7%, -2.1, 0.8% and 47.38%, 31.82%, 12.02% of RMSE respectively. CG1013 observed in 0.8%, 4.1%, 0.5% and 17.68%, 84.85%, 9.90% RMSE respectively. The model has been successfully calibrated and validated for wheat growing in Raipur, Chhattisgarh environment and can now it can be taken for further applications in natural resources management and climate change impact studies. The model performance was evaluated using % of error and RMSE and it was observed that DASST CERES model was able to predict the growth parameters like days to anthsis, day to maturity and grain yield with reasonably good accuracy (error% less than 10).