bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP DENGAN PERILAKU SEKSUAL REMAJA PUTRI DI SMA NEGERI 2 KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE
Authors: Kartini Putri Hendrika Wijaya , Elizar Elizar
Published: July 2023

Adolescent reproductive health is one of the factors that can influence premarital adolescent sexual behavior. This phenomenon indicates that adolescent sexual behavior in various provinces is increasing due to the lack of knowledge of adolescents regarding reproductive health. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitude with the sexual behavior of young women at SMA Negeri 2 Lhokseumawe City. This type of research is an analytic observational study using a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were 96 students of SMA Negeri 2 Lhokseumawe City in 2021 class XI. Data analysis in this study used unvariate and bivariate analysis The findings of this study were obtained for the knowledge of adolescents p value <0.05 which means there is a relationship between the knowledge of young women and sexual behavior of young women, for attitudes obtained p <0.05 which means there is a relationship between the attitudes of young women and the behavior of young women. It is hoped that students will take part in training and extracurricular activities at school such as participating in the Adolescent Reproductive Health program to increase adolescent knowledge about risky sexual behavior.

 

Abstrak

Kesehatan reproduksi remaja merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku seksual remaja pranikah. Fenomena ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku seksual remaja diberbagai provinsi semakin meningkat dikarenakan kurangnya pengetahuan remaja mengenai kesehatan reproduksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pentahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku seksual remaja putri di SMA Negeri 2 Kota Lhokseumawe. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswi SMA Negeri 2 Kota Lhokseumawe kelas XI yang berjumlah 96 orang. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis unvariat dan bivariat Temuan penelitian ini diperoleh Pengetahuan remaja p value < 0,05 yang berarti ada hubungan antara pengetahuan remaja putri dengan perilaku seksual remaja putri, untuk sikap diperoleh p < 0,05 yang berarti ada hubungan antara sikap remaja putri dengan perilaku remaja putri. Diharapkan siswa mengikuti pelatihan dan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler di sekolah seperti mengikuti program Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja tentang perilaku seksual berisiko.
Functional Effect in Density Functional Theory Calculation of Au23(SR)16 Nanocluster
Authors: Mohd-Tajudin Saidah Sakinah , Zaharim Wan Nurfadhilah , Shukri Sulaiman , Ahmad Siti Nur Afifi , Hasan-Baseri Dang Fatihah , Sin Ang Lee , Risdiana  , Safriani Lusi , Watanabe Isao
Published: July 2023

Au nanocluster may exhibit magnetic behaviour in contrast to its bulk state diamagnetic characteristic. We have used four functionals, namely, B3LYP, LSDA, HSEH1PBE and PBEPBE, in DFT calculations to examine the effect of different functionals on the structure of Au23(SR)16 nanocluster. The correct optimized structure Au23(SR)16 nanocluster that has a lower energy was found to be important to study possible muon sites and its associated hyperfine coupling constant. Our computational investigation shows that the B3LYP functional optimized structure resulted in lower total energy of the system as compared to the one produced by using the other functionals.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN GAME EDUKASI BERBASIS KAHOOT TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PPKN DI KELAS X PERHOTELAN SMK NEGERI 6 KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Sari Novita , Irwan Irwan , Candra Alif Aditya
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of using Kahoot-based educational game learning media on students' critical thinking skills in Civics Subjects in Class X Hospitality SMK Negeri 6 Jambi City. This research is motivated by educational problems, especially in technology and one of the low critical thinking skills of students with a proportion of 33%. The research method used the Pre-Experimental design with the One Group Pretest Posttest design. This research was conducted at SMK Negeri 6 Jambi City for the 2022/2023 academic year. The population in this study were all class X students of the Department of Hospitality SMK Negeri 6 Jambi City. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling. Retrieval of research data using a test. The data in this study were obtained from the pretest and posttest of the experimental class. The data was tested by t test using SPSS 22 Software. The results showed that there was an effect of the use of Kahoot-Based Game Learning Media on students' critical thinking skills in Civics Subjects in Class X Hospitality SMK Negeri 6 Jambi City. Judging from the results of data analysis, it was obtained that the average posttest score was 69.6% while the average pretest score was 36%. After testing the hypothesis using the Sample t Test, the characteristics are -10.213> 2.045, so there is an increase in the average pretest and posttest scores. As well as on the test, the sign value (2-tailed) on critical thinking skills is 0.000 <0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of using Kahoot-based educational game learning media on students' critical thinking skills.
Desconstruindo os arquivos da violência escolar: reflexões sobre a relação entre a docência e a Filosofia da Educação
Authors: Trevisan Amarildo Luiz
Published: July 2023

Este texto apresenta uma reflexão crítica sobre os arquivos da violência escolar como um problema filosófico e psicanalítico. Utilizando a expressão “mal de arquivo”, de Derrida, como ponto de partida, discutem-se os movimentos da docência diante do problema da violência escolar. A partir de uma experiência de pesquisa, são apresentadas as opiniões de professores sobre as dificuldades que enfrentam no contexto escolar em relação à violência. Com base na hermenêutica desconstrutiva, o texto compreende a escola como um espaço de enfrentamento de estereótipos, preconceitos e fantasmas sobre a violência, facilitando a convivência com as diferenças. Conclui-se pela necessidade de pensar o arquivo escolar como uma “tela desconstrucionista”, capaz de romper com o individualismo e a indiferença em relação ao outro.
Neurosyphilis in patients at a university hospital in the central west region of Brazil
Authors: Wander Rosa Pâmella , Alves Santa Barbara Borges Moara , Soares Coriolano Coutinho João Víctor , Vieira Teles-Filho Ricardo , Oliveira Guilarde Adriana
Published: July 2023

Syphilis remains a significant public health concern, and the central nervous system (CNS) involvement may occur at any stage of infection. Neurosyphilis must be ruled out in patients diagnosed with syphilis and exhibiting neurological or psychiatric symptoms, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination should be performed prior to treatment. A cohort of patients with neurosyphilis (aged ≥18 years old) was studied in a university hospital in the Central West Region of Brazil from 2018 to 2021. Twenty-four patients met the criteria for inclusion of confirmed neurosyphilis; 17 (70%) were male, with a median age of 37.5 (22–64). Six were asymptomatic, one had isolated otosyphilis, 11 had ocular syphilis, one had both ocular and otosyphilis, and five had other neurological symptoms. Thirteen patients (54%) were coinfected with HIV. Visual changes (50%) were the most common symptom; otosyphilis was present in 8.3%. Fourteen patients (58%) had positive VDRL in the CSF, and the median CSF-VDRL titer was 1:4. The cure rate was 87%, with three cases having persistent CSF-VDRL positivity after six months from the first treatment. It was concluded that understanding neurosyphilis, its clinical diversity, and its epidemiological and laboratory profile allows early diagnosis and treatment, consequently reducing its morbidity.
KEY WORDS: Syphilis; neurosyphilis; otosyphilis; ocular syphilis; HIV.
The Influence of Capital Expenditure, Corporate Hedging, and Good Corporate Governance on Firm Value in Oil and Gas Sub-Sector Mining Companies on the IDX Period 2018-2020
Authors: Muhammad Rizal  , Taufik Hidayat  , Arif Wahyudi
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze how the influence of Capital Expenditure, Corporate Hedging, and Good Corporate Governance on Firm Value. This research was conducted at Mining companies in the Oil and Gas Sub Sector on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. the method used in this study is quantitative with multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that Capital Expenditure, Corporate Hedging, and Good Corporate Governance have a significant effect on Firm Value both partially and simultaneously. for further research it is expected to be able to develop this research by adding variables and expanding the scope of research.
Comparative study between high flow nasal cannula, high velocity nasal insufllation and noninvasive ventilation in management of acute respiratory failure
Authors: Ali Ahmed Abd El Rahman , EL-Helbawy Rana Helmy , Kharasawi Amira Ahmed El , Eid Hanaa Abdelmohsen
Published: July 2023

Background: Evidene supporting the benefits of High velocity nasal insufflation (HVNI)and High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in mangment of Acute respiratory failure in adults beside Non invasive ventilation (NIV) has been proved. The work aim was to evaluate the advantages, efficacy and the hazards of HVNI/HFNC in comparison to those of NIV with acute hypoxemic and hypercapnic respiratory failure. Patients and methods: A prospective analytical study of 60 patients with ARF were randomized to receive either non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV) using an oronasal mask 30/60(50%), high-velocity nasal insufflation (HVNI) 17/60(28.3%), or High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) 13/60(21.7%). Precision Flow® Hi-VNI Packaging(Vapotherm Inc., USA)  as HVNI device which delivered air flows between 35 and 60 L/min. Temperature was set at 34°C or 37°C, whereas FiO2 was controlled to gain arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) above 92%(that made PEEP from 1.7 to 5).
Trabajo infantil y los derechos de los niños y niñas en el Ecuador
Authors: Serrano Baño Fátima Alexandra , Cortez Moya María Isabel
Published: July 2023

La explotación laboral de niños es universalmente considerada como una seria violación de los derechos de los jóvenes. A pesar de que está ampliamente documentado, se sigue viendo un incumplimiento en la protección de estos derechos en la realidad. En esta investigación examina las formas más comunes de trabajo infantil, las consecuencias que genera y las leyes que protegen los derechos de los niños y niñas. Se destaca como un logro importante en Ecuador la armonización de su marco legal para erradicar el trabajo infantil. Este artículo se basa en un estudio descriptivo cualitativo y una revisión bibliográfica que analiza el trabajo infantil en la normativa legal ecuatoriana. Se utilizaron métodos de investigación científica para concluir que Ecuador cuenta con un marco jurídico que prohíbe el trabajo infantil perjudicial para el desarrollo físico, psicológico, salud, seguridad y moral de los niños. Las causas incluyen factores sociales, culturales, económicos, históricos, políticos e institucionales que tienen consecuencias físicas, psicológicas y sociales. Es importante resaltar que, aunque el Ecuador cuenta con un marco jurídico, no existe un cumplimiento total, además que existe unos escases de control sobre el cumplimiento de estas normativas para reducir los porcentajes de explotación laboral infantil.
Sistema de capacitación para la fundamentación del uso legal, adecuado y proporcional de la fuerza Policial en Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas
Authors: Gallegos Ruiz German Javier , Balseca Obando Adrián David , Guanuche Gualan Mary Cruz , Chela Coyago Oswaldo Fabián , Diego Xavier Lema Contreras Diego Xavier Lema Contreras
Published: July 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue garantizar el uso legal, adecuado y proporcional de la fuerza de los servidores públicos de la Policía Nacional de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Posee enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño cuasiexperimental de tipo transversal y alcance descriptivo. La población fue de 1007 Policías de la zona 4, sub zona Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Como muestra se seleccionaron a 279 sujetos mediante el muestreo aleatorio simple. Las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron el pretest y postest, teniendo como instrumento a la prueba objetiva con el propósito de identificar el nivel de conocimiento referente al uso legal, adecuado y proporcional de la fuerza y valorar el impacto del sistema de capacitación diseñado. Como principales resultados se obtuvo que la Policía Nacional en el pretest posee un nivel bajo de conocimiento, encontrándose próximos a alcanzar los aprendizajes requeridos para el desempeño profesional referente en los niveles de uso progresivo de la fuerza de acuerdo al nivel de resistencia impuesto. Se concluye en que el sistema de capacitación implementado tiene un impacto favorable, logrando que la muestra obtenga un nivel de conocimiento alto y el 80,65% de mejora en comparación con el pretest.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI E-COMMERCE FURNITUR BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah , Arif Ali Ibrahim
Published: July 2023

Furniture sales has become one of the good business opportunities, but the challenges facing manufacturers today are the growing number of competitors and the scope of marketing and sales as well as the place to interact between the seller and the buyer is limited. The research aims to create an e-commerce furniture application that can be used as a means of selling furniture online using the Internet network and Android-based application platforms. The application is based on the waterfall method. The application is built with the Flutter and Dart frameworks, while the admin backend uses the Laravel 8 framework with PHP. The research resulted in an Android-based e-commerce app consisting of home menu, products, product details, payment details, orders and payments. Based on the tests carried out using blacbox testing showed the application can run as expected. Based on the device testing using 4 smartphones, the app can run on all the devices that are used well.
Using ICTs for Social Justice in Africa
Authors: Firoze Manji
Published: July 2023

This paper seeks to draw out the potentials of information and communications technologies (ICTs) for supporting the cause of social justice in Africa. The paper draws on Fahamu’s experiences of using ICTs for delivering distance learning programmes for human rights organisations using a mixture of CDROM, e-mail moderation and workshop-based learning. The potentials for delivering similar courses using handheld computers with built-in mobile phones are explored. The paper describes the development of Pambazuka News, a weekly electronic news and discussion forum for social justice that has grown in three years from a subscriber base of 300 to more than 70,000 each week. Pambazuka News has been used as an advocacy tool in a number of forums, notably at the first meeting of the Pan African Parliament and at AU meeting in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in July 2004, where it was the principal instrument for calling on African states to adopt the protocol for the rights of women in Africa. The paper discusses how SMS/text messaging from mobile phones has been used to enable people in Africa to sign online petitions. The paper argues that technology is a manifestation of social relations, reflecting the power and values of those who use it. It concludes that ICTs should not be left to those who want to make profits, but should be grasped as a powerful tool for social justice.
8 - Valorizing Social Science Research Results: CODESRIA’s Experience
Authors: Sall Ebrima , Dramé Mamadou
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Taphonomic analysis of a Caribbean subfossil herpetofaunal bone assemblage (Marie Galante Island, Lesser Antilles)
Authors: SAYAH Morgane , LENOBLE Arnaud , BOCHATON Corentin
Published: July 2023

Taphonomic analyses are of primary importance to understand the accumulation processes of fossil vertebrate bone assemblages. These approaches are fundamental in archaeological contexts in which the role of humans in the formation of an accumulation must be investigated in detail. However, taphonomic works have so far focused on temperate regions and mammals and few studies extensively deal with other vertebrates, especially the herpetofauna, and tropical areas. This results in an important gap in the scientific literature, which has a strong impact on the paleoecological and zooarchaeological research in the areas where squamates and amphibians are well-represented. In this paper, we present a detailed taphonomic study of a large herpetofaunal assemblage of nearly 11 000 bones collected in the Abri Cadet 3, on Marie Galante Island, and dated from the beginning of the Holocene to the Amerindian period. Obtained results don’t support the role of humans in the constitution of the assemblage despite the occurrence of clear archaeological layers in the site. The most-likely culprit for the creation of the bone assemblage is a small nocturnal raptor (i.e., Athene cunicularia guadeloupensis (Ridgway, 1874) or Tyto insularis (Pelzeln, 1872)). We also conduct a comparison with the other available deposits from Marie Galante, highlighting the diversity of accumulation processes in the different nearby cave sites but also the lack of detailed taphonomic studies which would be needed to explain this diversity.
Bioethanol production from potato peel waste using Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Bouhadi Djilali , Larbi Khadidja , Belkhodja Hamza , Belmimoun Asmaa , Habib Asmaa , Semmache Amel , Ouahdi Mohamed
Published: July 2023

The present work consists of producing bioethanol from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) peels using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The different physicochemical and biochemical analyses showed that potato peels are rich in nutritional elements that make them favorable to alcohol fermentation. The total soluble sugars content, the pH value and the ethanol content were evaluated. The results indicated limited ethanol production. The addition of yeast extract, peptone and urea to the fermentation medium improved the ethanol yield produced by the yeast. The physicochemical characterization of purified bioethanol revealed that density, boiling temperature and refractive index are close to those of absolute ethanol. The in vitro antibacterial activity of bioethanol was tested on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. Significant inhibition zones were observed. This study showed that potato peel waste can be a feedstock for bioethanol production.
Gambaran Nilai Hematokrit Sebelum Dan Sesudah Donor Darah Di UDD PMI Kabupaten Cilacap
Authors: Aniesa Izzatun Nafsi  , Sofyanita Eko Naning
Published: July 2023

Donor darah merupakan tahap pengambilan darah dari seseorang secara sukarela dan disimpan di bank darah sebagai stok darah yang nanti dipakai untuk mentransfusikan darah. Hematokrit (Hct) adalah persentase jumlah sel darah merah atas jumlah keseluruhan darah. Nilai normal untuk pria 40-48% dan untuk wanita 37-43%. Nilai hematokrit dapat digunakan sebagai tes skrining sederhana untuk anemia, sebagai referensi kalibrasi untuk metode otomatis hitung sel darah dan membimbing keakuratan pengukuran hemoglobin. Mengetahui hasil nilai hematokrit sebelum dan sesudah donor darah di UDD PMI Kabupaten Cilacap. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental dengan kriteria penelitian deskriptif serta menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dan menggunakan data primer. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sebanyak 30 responden yaitu sebelum donor darah didapatkan paling tinggi yaitu jenis kelamin laki-laki dengan kategori normal sebanyak 16 pendonor (53,3%), sedangkan sesudah donor didapatkan paling tinggi yaitu jenis kelamin laki-laki dengan kategori normal sebanyak 15 pendonor (50%). Sebelum donor darah berdasarkan usia didapatkan pendonor terbanyak berusia 22-44 tahun (dewasa) memiliki nilai Hct normal sebanyak 13 pendonor (43,4%) dan sesudah donor pendonor terbanyak berusia 22-44 tahun (dewasa) memiliki nilai Hct normal sebanyak 10 pendonor (33,3%). Penelitian yang dilakukan di UDD PMI Kabupaten Cilacap dengan total 30 responden disimpulkan bahwa rata-rata nilai hematokrit sebelum donor darah adalah 43,3% dan sesudah donor darah adalah 40,2%. Jadi tidak ada hubungan nilai hematokrit dengan sebelum dan sesudah donor darah.
Reflexões em Freud e Lacan
Authors: Francischelli Leonardo A.
Published: July 2023

Resenha: Rosa, Laura Ward da. (2015). Reflexões em Freud e Lacan. Porto Alegre.
A ressignificação da história de vida na experiência de luto
Authors: Gross Rafaela
Published: July 2023

Ao longo da nossa história, buscamos construir sentidos para nossa existência e para os acontecimentos que permeiam a vida humana, o que nos permite atribuir significados e sentidos até mesmo em situações dolorosas, como no luto. Apesar do luto ser uma experiência delicada e algumas vezes traumática, é possível encontrar sentidos nela por meio da ressignificação da história de vida do sujeito enlutado, tornando possível lidar e elaborar o luto. Seja em análise, na arte, na fala ou na escrita, quando se reconta a experiência que foi vivida, abrem-se possibilidades de ressignificação e, posteriormente, de elaboração. Diante disso, o presente trabalho buscou compreender como se dá o processo de luto articulado à ressignificação da história de vida do sujeito, visto que a ressignificação possibilita ao sujeito enlutado recriar e reconstruir sua história e sua experiência de perda, de modo a seguir em frente.
Contratransferência em situações “extremas”
Authors: Manica Mauro
Published: July 2023

O autor explora, neste trabalho, a contratransferência como instrumento de compreensão do sofrimento mental grave. Algumas situações extremas que não podem nem ser recordadas nem simbolizadas são revividas na sessão analítica como uma experiência atual. No processo terapêutico, através da repetição na transferência e na contratransferência dolorosamente participada, é possível uma elaboração e uma construção de uma forma de lembrança.
Pre-surgical Screening for SARS-CoV-2 Testing in Elective Procedures in High Burden Resource Limited Settings: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Suravaram Swathi , Siddiqui Imran Ahmed , Naaz Shazia , Hada Vivek , Wajid Mahamad , Gurijala Prasanth , Goud Padala Chaitanya , Maddur Srinivas
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Pre-surgical screening of patients for COVID-19 by Reverse transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) is essential before surgeries as a precautionary measure in view of preventing COVID-19 to the health care workers. The inception of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS- COV-2) posed major hurdles and challenges in conducting elective surgeries. Considering that COVID-19 is expected to continue to be a problem for the public health system in the near future, institutions will need to create risk mitigation strategies with meticulous resource management especially in high burden centers. Aim: To assess the role and need of repeat RT-PCR testing after an initial negative at a tertiary care center in view of the ever changing dynamics of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at the Mobile Virology Research & Diagnostic Laboratory in the Department of Microbiology, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Hyderabad between September 2020 to May 2021. Pre- surgical cases admitted at the facility during the study period with ≥72 h duration of stay who have been tested for SARS-COV-2 RT-PCR more than once within a period of one week were included. RT-PCR testing was performed according to standard protocols. Clinical and demographic data were collected, including reasons for re-testing. Results: A total of 2398 patients were admitted for surgeries during the study period, out of which 697 cases had a prolonged stay ≥72 h. In all of the cases, the initial test was negative, but 11 (1.58%) of them converted to positive. During the zenith of the second wave, the conversion rate was 4%, whereas it was only 0.2% during non peak periods. Conclusion: Hence, it was concluded that to optimise the usefulness of pre-surgical screening test for SARS-COV-2, repeat testing may be avoided in a low burden setting with timely reassessment based on local positivity rate. Each facility should continuously reassess their needs based on sudden local surges to optimise utilisation, especially when faced with resource constraints and changing paradigm of the pandemic.
Biodegradable, Humidity‐Insensitive Mask‐Integrated E‐Nose for Sustainable and Non‐Invasive Continuous Breath Analysis
Authors: Mondal Indrajit , Zoabi Adan , Haick Hossam
Published: February 2025

Breath analysis offers a non‐invasive approach to modern diagnostics by capturing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. However, current breath analysis technologies face challenges like humidity sensitivity, high costs, and biodegradable solutions, limiting their scalability and environmental sustainability. This study presents a paper‐based, biodegradable, humidity‐insensitive electronic nose (e‐nose) sensor array integrated into a face mask for real‐time breath analysis. The sensors, coated with hydrophobic polymer coating, ensure robust insensitivity to humidity, enabling reliable detection of VOCs even in high‐moisture environments. The mask‐integrated e‐nose facilitates real‐time breath monitoring for applications such as alcohol consumption tracking and respiratory health assessment. For the latter, Tuberculosis (TB) detection is selected as a representative use case, achieving 89% accuracy in disease diagnosis and recovery monitoring using a pre‐trained deep‐learning model. The fully‐biodegradable paper‐based sensor naturally degrades in soil within months, underscoring its eco‐friendly design and suitability for disposable health monitoring. This work introduces a sustainable, user‐friendly approach to breath analysis with potential applications in non‐invasive disease detection and personalized healthcare monitoring.
Effects of Feeding on Insect Larvae Treated With Pesticide on the Biological and Biochemical Characteristics of Arma chinensis
Authors: Zheng Hui , Cai Hailin , Mo Yunfei , Guo Xihui , Wang Wei , Yang Zhongxia
Published: February 2025

The effects of feeding on insect larvae treated with pesticide on the biological and biochemical characteristics of Arma chinensis were investigated. In the F0 generation, the developmental duration and preoviposition period were shortened, the average number of eggs laid was reduced, and the net reproductive rate and mean generation time were significantly lower in the treatment group compared to those in the control group. The average number of eggs laid by the F1 generation of A. chinensis was lower in the treatment group. The intrinsic rates of increase, finite rates of increase and net reproductive rates were significantly lower in the F1 generation in the treatment group than those in the control group. The activities of CarE and GST were significantly induced, while the activity of AChE was inhibited in the A. chinensis in the treatment group. The activities of trypsin and THL were significantly induced in the treatment group, while the activity of LPS was not significantly changed. At the population level, Enterococcaceae were cultured only from the intestines of the A. chinensis in the treatment group. At the genus level, in addition to Serratia, Yokenella and Klebsiella, which were consistent with the control group, the genus Enterococcus was also cultured in the treatment group. When controlling P. rapae in the field, pesticides should be reasonably selected, and an appropriate time should be chosen for the release of A. chinensis to reduce the impact on natural enemies and to achieve synergistic chemical and biological control.
Robust optimal distance‐based formation control of uncertain nonlinear agents over directed topologies
Authors: Babazadeh Reza , Selmic Rastko R.
Published: February 2025

This paper studies a formation control problem with distance constraints for nonlinear agents with uncertainties. Controlling an edge is assigned to only one of its incident agents. Directed graph theory is used to model the desired formation topology. The method is distributed, applicable to uncertain nonlinear agents, and is based on robust‐optimal control. The proposed control scheme is based on integral sliding mode control (ISMC) combined with the state‐dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) method. The method minimizes a weighted cost function that includes the formation and control input costs for a given mission while compensating for the effect of uncertainties. A rigorous Lyapunov stability analysis proved the local asymptotic convergence of the agents to the desired distances. We use the concept of mathematical induction to show that the formation of all agents is stable. Detailed simulation results are included to verify the proposed control scheme.
Analysis, Design, and Hardware Implementation of a Novel Isolated DC‐DC Converter for Medium‐Power Electric Vehicle Battery Charging
Authors: Srikanth Pulipaka , G Arunkumar
Published: February 2025

The rapid depletion of fossil fuels in recent decades has drawn global attention to the need for renewable energy sources. In addition, electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining importance as they are the cleanest form of transportation, contributing to the reduction of pollution and global warming. EV batteries require DC energy to charge. Renewable energy‐powered charging is an environmentally friendly and increasingly feasible method for meeting energy needs while minimizing the negative environmental effects of transportation and electricity production. It is anticipated that the use of renewable energy technology will significantly impact global energy and transportation systems in the future due to its ongoing improvements and decreasing prices. This research introduces a novel approach to developing and implementing an isolated DC‐DC converter with a single‐stage power conversion. To synthesize the proposed isolated DC‐DC converter, a MOSFET H‐bridge, a high‐frequency transformer, and a bridgeless Luo converter were combined, considering the input‐parallel‐output‐parallel (IPOP) configuration. Bridgeless Luo converters significantly reduce the conductive and switching losses of the semiconductor by replacing the full‐bridge diode rectifier. This work details the operating modes of the proposed isolated DC‐DC converter, along with the corresponding dynamic equations. Further, the average large signal and steady‐state models are detailed to obtain the design of storage elements for the desired specifications. The system under consideration is simulated, and waveforms depicting the voltages and currents of various components are provided. A prototype with a 100‐W power output is created to test the performance of the proposed converter to charge a lithium‐ion battery at a voltage of 48 V. The loss components in the converter are analyzed, and the energy buildup in the battery during the hardware implementation is also presented. Silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs and diodes are employed in the prototype to enable high switching frequency operation leading to reduced size and weight of the components. The proposed converter is seen to be a novel isolated DC‐DC converter with low output ripples and lower losses, suitable for medium‐power EV battery charging.
Pre‐ and Post‐Copulatory Sexual Traits Influence Male Fitness Across a Mosaic Hybrid Zone
Authors: Maxwell Logan M. , Walsh Jennifer , Olsen Brian J. , Kovach Adrienne I.
Published: February 2025

Primary and secondary male sexual traits can influence the interspecific interactions of hybridizing populations, yielding fitness consequences and either promoting or restricting gene flow. In this study, we evaluated the relative male fitness of two species of hybridizing tidal marsh endemics: saltmarsh (Ammospiza caudacutus) and Nelson's sparrows (A. nelsoni) and assessed the effects of male condition and competitive ability on resulting patterns of paternity and gene flow. We compared reproductive success (number of offspring sired) among saltmarsh, Nelson's, and hybrid sparrow males (n = 125) and modeled male fitness in relation to measured pre‐copulatory (body size, fat scores, and muscle scores) and post‐copulatory (cloacal protuberance (CP) volume and sperm length) male sexual traits across two sites within the center of the hybrid zone. We found saltmarsh sparrows had higher levels of skew in fertilization success than Nelson's and greater reproductive output than both Nelson's and hybrids, suggesting interspecific competition may occur. Body size was the best predictor of reproductive success, independent of male genotypes, providing evidence for a role of pre‐copulatory sexual selection. We also found evidence of post‐copulatory sexual selection and sperm competition contributing to patterns of hybridization, with CP volume and sperm length increasing with number of offspring sired. Differential mean fitness by species may influence patterns of hybridization and has the potential to drive asymmetrical introgression; however, the drivers of male fitness differed between species and sites, suggesting the level of sexual selection and resulting patterns of gene flow are context dependent and not stable across a small sptatial scale within the center of this mosaic hybrid zone. Overall, few interspecific offspring and nearly equal backcrossing in both parental species within the center of the hybrid zone suggest mechanisms such as reinforcement exist to limit hybridization and minimize asymmetric introgression.
Copulatory Mechanics Reveals a Self‐Bracing Mechanism via a Femoral Apophysis in Funnel Weavers (Araneae, Agelenidae)
Authors: Zamani Alireza , Kaya Rahşen S. , Kaunisto Kari , Michalik Peter
Published: February 2025

Spiders utilize an indirect method of sperm transfer via specialized male palpal structures. In entelegyne spiders, these structures exhibit a remarkable complexity, comprising various sclerites that interlock with the female genitalia to provide stability and facilitate sperm transfer. Among the four primary coupling mechanisms recognized in entelegyne spiders, one, termed self‐bracing, involves interactions between structures stabilizing the expanded copulatory organ during mating. Such interactions can involve elements that are not part of the copulatory organ. The retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA), a characteristic of the largest group of spiders (RTA clade), is the most prominent structure for this purpose. However, recent research has demonstrated that in spiders that have lost the RTA, other parts of the palp, specifically femoral apophyses, can be involved in self‐bracing. The presence of a femoral palpal fapophysis is uncommon in spiders, and only a few taxa possess apophyses on multiple palpal articles, i.e., tibia and femur, the interaction and evolution of which remain to be elucidated. This study investigated the function and interaction of apophyses on different palpal structures for the first time using the funnel weaver Anatextrix monstrabilis (Agelenidae). We specifically examined the hypothesis that the various prominent femoral apophyses are involved in self‐bracing despite the presence of an RTA. Micro‐computed tomography data of a cryofixed mating pair revealed that at least one of these apophyses functions in self‐bracing by fitting into the groove of the embolic base, representing the second documented case of this unique self‐bracing mechanism in entelegyne spiders. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed previously undocumented features in the female genitalia of Anatextrix, including an epigynal fovea, an anterior hood, and well‐developed epigynal lateral margins, which potentially play a role in interlocking with male palpal sclerites during copulation. In contrast to ghost spiders (Anyphaenidae), the only other known group of entelegyne spiders exhibiting self‐bracing with femoral apophyses, Anatextrix species demonstrate notable differences with regard to the size and shape of these apophyses. Thus, our study indicates that male palpal femoral structures, which do not contact female genitalia during genital coupling, can be subject to strong selection pressures similar to somatic structures that function beyond basic sperm transfer.
Estimation of Positive‐, Negative‐, and Zero‐Sequence Current and Voltage Phasors of UIPC VSCs for Short‐Circuit Faults in Transmission Lines
Authors: Bahadori Babak , Nahavandi Ali , Abasi Mahyar
Published: February 2025

FACTS devices, functioning as controlled series voltage and parallel current source converters in transmission lines, can enhance network flexibility. The currents and voltages are regarded as unknown variables in the impedance estimation equations of the distance relay during fault occurrence. Typically, addressing the issues of protection systems for lines integrated with FACTS devices necessitates the development of a novel protection algorithm informed by the current line topology. A novel approach to address this difficulty involves employing an algorithm to estimate the injected current and voltage parameters of the series and parallel converters in FACTS devices. This research presents an estimation scheme utilizing artificial neural networks to determine the magnitude and phase angle of voltage and current in voltage source converters of the UIPC during short‐circuit faults in transmission lines. The proposed approach has been designed for use across diverse locations, phases, resistances, and fault durations on both sides of the UIPC. The voltage and current magnitudes and angles for all three bus sequences on one side of the line, along with the voltage magnitude and angle of the equivalent circuit of the series converters and the current magnitude and angle of the shunt converter, have been recorded. The primary aim of this work is to introduce an estimation model derived from the measurement data of the bus and the UIPC converters. Ultimately, by employing the estimated phasors, the impedance and, consequently, the distance from the fault location to the relay may be accurately determined, eliminating the necessity to alter the configuration and formulation of the distance relay. The approach has undergone testing and evaluation for various short circuit scenarios on both sides of the UIPC under diverse conditions. The successful outcomes demonstrated in the simulation section indicate that the proposed technique effectively estimates the UIPC phasor during a fault.
Enhanced Control Approach for PV Hybrid Energy Storage System With Supercapacitors Using Fuzzy MPPT Technique and Optimally Tuned Fractional Controllers
Authors: Pattnaik Saswati , Kumar Mano Ranjan , Mishra Sunil Kumar , Gautam Shivam Prakash
Published: February 2025

Hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) comprising supercapacitors and batteries in photovoltaic (PV) applications ensure overall system performance by compensating for their mutual drawbacks. However, the reliability of the PV‐based HESS against frequent load variation and irregular solar irradiance demands a robust power management scheme (PMS) and associated control strategies. This paper presents an enhanced DC voltage stabilization control strategy for robust PMS for the PV‐based HESS. The proposed control approach ensures stable DC link voltage regulation, improving the overall efficiency and thus reliability of the overall system. A comprehensive analysis of the system dynamics and control objectives is conducted under different operating conditions, leading to the development of a combined tilt‐integral (TI) and fractional proportional‐integral (FOPI)‐based controller. The controller parameters are estimated using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique and a gradient‐free Nelder–Mead simplex search (NMSS) algorithm for optimizing the time‐domain parameters. Thereafter, the dynamic performance of the presented PMS is investigated through extensive experimentation analyzed in terms of various parameters. The investigation suggests that the proposed control scheme outperforms the conventional control approach by a significant margin of 60.81% and 40.42% in steady‐state error and peak overshoot, respectively. Also, the state of charge (SOC) consumption of the battery is reduced by 8.46%, thus increasing the overall lifespan of the energy storage system. Therefore, the proposed control strategy offers a viable solution for ensuring stable and efficient operation of PV‐based energy storage systems, contributing to the advancement of renewable energy integration and grid resilience.
Beyond Money: Incentive Effects of Tokenized Ownership on User Contribution in DAOs
Authors: Chen Kun , Fan Yifan , Fang Yulin , Luo Xin (Robert)
Published: February 2025

Blockchain technologies have catalyzed the rise of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), which operate in an incentive network fueled by crypto tokens. In essence, these tokens are imbued with either payment rights (i.e., transactional tokens) or ownership rights (i.e., governance tokens). The decentralized organizational paradigm dismantles the traditional management structure and bring new research opportunities to Operations Management (OM). While the performance of DAOs has been largely examined in current OM literature, the effectiveness of their internal incentive mechanisms—specifically the one that uses ownership as rewards to promote user contributions—remains unclear. Focusing on DAO‐enabled virtual communities, we seek to examine whether decentralized ownership provides stronger incentives for user behaviors, such as creation and curation, in comparison to traditional monetary rewards through the lens of psychological ownership theory. We obtained data from Steemit that captures the reward, creation, curation and transaction behaviors of 98,000 users from May 2017 to April 2019. By leveraging the “power‐up” action as a shock that increases user ownership shares, we established a quasi‐experimental setting. Employing the PSM‐DID model, we found that the use of governance tokens is associated with enhanced creation and curation efforts but declined creation novelty, compared to the use of transactional tokens. Our additional analyses further reveal that the incentive effects of governance tokens diminish over time. However, upon the recurrence of the intended choice, these effects become reinforced. Notably, we find that governance token ownership is more strongly associated with curation efforts for users with weaker social ties. Conversely, for users with high reputation scores, their content creation behaviors are less strongly associated with governance token ownership. This study contributes to the burgeoning discourse on blockchain and cryptocurrency from an operational perspective, providing valuable insights for the design of incentive mechanisms in DAOs and advancing our understanding of operational efficiencies and stakeholder engagement in decentralized structures within Operations Management.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Urogenital Pain: Examining the Mediating Effects of Negative Affect and Pain Catastrophizing
Authors: Heule Marjorie , Krasean Laura , Tomakowsky Janice , Abro Britney , Lumley Mark A.
Published: February 2025

Background 

Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are associated with later psychological and somatic problems, including the emotional sequelae of adverse events (depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing) and outcomes such as chronic pain intensity and pain‐related functioning. ACE have rarely been studied in women with pelvic, urogenital, and/or bladder pain (PUBP).

Aims

Thus, we examined how childhood adversities are related to psychological and pain‐related outcomes in adult women. We also tested whether negative affect and pain catastrophizing mediated the relationship between ACE and pain‐related outcomes.

Methods

A consecutive series of 310 adult women who presented at a tertiary urology center and reported PUBP completed an intake packet, which included the ACE Questionnaire as well as measures of psychological mediators and pain‐related outcomes.

Results

Elevated ACEs were significantly associated with higher pain interference and vaginal insertion pain, as well as significantly related to negative affect (depression and anxiety) and pain catastrophizing. Both negative affect and pain catastrophizing were found to mediate the relationship of ACE to pain intensity and interference; however, only pain catastrophizing mediated the relationship between ACE and vaginal insertion pain.

Conclusions

These results suggest that ACEs may impact some pain‐related outcomes in women with PUBP by influencing negative affect and pain catastrophizing. Thus, these processes are important targets for intervention in individuals with PUBP and a history of adverse childhood events.

Trial registration: This study does not require a clinical trial registration because it is not a clinical trial.
Why Larger Signatures on Solicitation Letters Increase Donations
Authors: Kettle Keri L. , Penner Sara , Main Kelley J.
Published: February 2025

Donation solicitation letters contain a signature block featuring the personal signature and name of the individual endorsing the letter. In three studies, we find that the size of the personal signature appearing in the signature block predictably affects donor responses to solicitation letters, with larger signatures generating bigger donations. We first observe this effect in a large‐scale field experiment conducted with a hospital foundation: for the identical solicitation letter, increasing the sender's signature size generated nearly 100% more donation revenue. In two laboratory experiments, we find that individuals who receive a letter with a larger personal signature are willing to donate more because they believe the organization will have a greater impact. We discuss theoretical contributions to our understanding of identity symbols and practical implications for non‐profit organizations.
A Practitioner‐Informed Decision Tree for Selecting Harmful Cyanobacteria Bloom Control and Mitigation Techniques
Authors: Tullos Desirée , Skinner Megan M. , Paerl Hans W. , Preece Ellen P.
Published: February 2025

Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (HCBs) threaten ecological and human health, and their incidence and magnitude appear to be rising globally. However, a lack of guidance exists on how to choose the best HCB control and mitigation strategy for different types of water bodies. The portfolio of available in situ control techniques is diverse, ranging from experimental to well established, with complicated and poorly‐documented records of effectiveness across different settings and a range of unintended ecological consequences. We introduce a decision tree that synthesizes current science and practitioner experience in a framework that can be used to examine conditions under which HCB control techniques are likely to be appropriate and most effective. The factors that establish branching and the classification of techniques within the decision tree were based on the review of peer‐reviewed and gray literature, and on responses to a national survey. Key factors influencing the feasibility and effectiveness of HCB control include whether nutrient loads are sourced externally or internally, the size of the treatment area, and the vulnerability of and regulations governing the receiving water body. Survey results point to important regional differences in the application of HCB control techniques, whereas demonstration of the decision tree with real‐world case studies highlights some of the practical issues managers face in making decisions about treatment techniques. provides a comprehensive review of current science, appropriate use, and costs for individual techniques.