bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Several underlying clinical conditions influenced treatment outcomes of severe acute malnutrition among under-five children in South Ethiopia: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Gedamu Tigist Enyew , Fuge Terefe Gone , Wondale Selamawit , Abeme Worku , Teketel Meskerem
Published: August 2024

Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) occurs due to a recent rapid weight loss or failure to gain weight. Despite implementation of comprehensive treatment approaches, mortality attributed to SAM remains high in low-income countries, and little is known about underlying clinical conditions contributing to this in the context of Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess clinical conditions influencing the treatment outcomes of SAM in under-five children in South Ethiopia.
Methods: We conducted an institution-based cross-sectional study by retrospectively reviewing medical records of under-five children admitted with SAM to selected hospitals in South Ethiopia between November, 2017 and November, 2019. Data regarding socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were retrieved from Therapeutic Feeding Unit (TFU) registration logbooks and medical records. Logistic regression was used to determine clinical conditions associated with treatment outcomes of SAM in terms of death and cure. A significant association was determined at a P value of <0.05 with 95% confidence interval. Data were analysed using SPSS version 24.
Results: Of 417 children whose medical records were reviewed, 230 (55%) were male with the majority (66%) of them being in the age group of greater than 24 months. Regarding the outcomes of SAM treatment, 374 (90%) children were cured and 43 (10%) were dead. Admission with hypothermia (AOR: 3.02; CI: 1.33-6.83), tuberculosis infection (AOR: 4.13; CI: 1.78-9.62), anaemia (AOR: 3.25; CI: 1.29-8.20), shock (AOR: 2.88; CI: 1.23-6.72) and dehydration (AOR: 2.93: CI: 1.12-7.69) were independently associated with death due to SAM.
Conclusions: This study revealed the prevalence of SAM associated under-five death above the minimum acceptable standard. Several underlying clinical conditions contributed to the occurrence of death suggesting the need for strengthening management of the conditions.
The Outcomes of Quadruple Procedure Including Phacoemulsification, Intraocular Lens Implantation, Pars Plana Vitrectomy and Scleral Buckling in Cases with Both Dense Cataracts and Inferior Quadrant Retinal Detachment
Authors: Zengin Mehmet Özgür , Güven Yusuf Ziya , Vural Mehmet , Vural Gözde Sahin , Karahan Eyyup
Published: August 2024

Purpose
To reveal the outcomes of combined phacovitrectomy and supplementary scleral buckling (SB) surgery in patients with inferior break retinal detachment (RD) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) ≥ Stage-C.
Methods
In this retrospective study, 22 eyes of 22 patients who underwent surgery in Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital between 2018 and 2020 were included. The demographic data, follow-up duration, preoperative & postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (Snellen), intraocular pressure (IOP), final anatomic status, and the recurrence rate of RD were recorded from the files of patients.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 56.9 ± 15.2 years, and follow-up duration was 16.6 ± 10.2 months. The internal tamponade was silicone oil (SO) in 16 patients (72.7%), and perfluoropropane (C3F8) in 6 patients (27.2%). The BCVA was improved from 0.0065 ± 0.014 to 0.26 ± 0.17 after surgery (p:0,0001), and IOP changed from 12.3 ± 2.5 mmHg to 15.3 ± 2.4 mmHg. During follow-up period, the recurrent RD was only found in one patient (4.50%) and following to second surgery, anatomical success was achieved in all of the patients (100%) in final visit.
Conclusion
The combined phacovitrectomy and SB is an effective and reliable surgical method in patients with inferior quadrant RD and advanced stage PVR.
Ascaris lumbricoides: prevalence and associated factors among pre-school children in Rukiga district, Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kasiita Martine , Businge Stephen , Napyo Agnes , Tumwine James K
Published: August 2024

Background
Ascaris lumbricoides infestation remains a public health problem worldwide. It mainly affects children resulting into undernutrition, impaired growth and physical development, intestinal obstruction and death. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Ascaris lumbricoides infestation among children aged 6–59 months in Rukiga district, Uganda.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 739 children aged 6–59 months and their caregivers between September and October 2023. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics of the caregivers. We examined children’s stool for Ascaris lumbricoides ova using the Kato-Katz method. We estimated adjusted odds ratios using multivariable logistic regression to determine the factors associated with Ascaris lumbricoides infestation.
Results
The prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides infestation was 2.7% (n = 20/739), (95% CI. 1.7–4.1). Factors associated with Ascaris lumbricoides infestation were: Child-related characteristics including: the child having not been dewormed 6 months prior to the study (AOR 2.04, 95% CI: 1.04–4). Household characteristics including: disposal of child’s stool in the compound/ garden (AOR 12.53, 95% CI: 3.44–45.64), if there are more than two children under 5 years living in the household (AOR 0.24, 95% CI: 0.11–0.52). Care-giver characteristics including the primary caregiver being: the father (AOR 6.09, 95% CI: 1.21–30.61), a Christian (AOR 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01–0.17).
Conclusion and recommendations
Ascaris lumbricoides infestation is high among preschool children. We recommend the inclusion of male partners in health interventions targeting children under the age of five years especially the immunization programs. Community health programs should consider targeted messages in health education campaigns especially the handling and disposal of feces and the importance of deworming children. The association between religion and Ascaris lumbricoides infestation needs further studies.
Single-cell analysis of preimplantation embryonic development in guinea pigs
Authors: Guan Tongxing , Guo Jing , Lin Runxia , Liu Jinpeng , Luo Rongping , Zhang Zhen , Pei Duanqing , Liu Jing
Published: August 2024

Background: Guinea pigs exhibit numerous physiological similarities to humans, yet the details of their preimplantation embryonic development remain largely unexplored.
Results: To address this, we conducted single-cell sequencing on the transcriptomes of cells isolated from the zygote stage through preimplantation stages in guinea pigs. This study identified seven distinct cell types within guinea pig preimplantation embryos and pinpointed the timing of zygotic gene activation (ZGA). Trajectory analysis revealed a bifurcation into two lineage-specific branches, accompanied by alterations in specific pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Additionally, co-expressed gene network analysis highlighted the most enriched functional modules for the epiblast (EPI), primitive endoderm (PrE), and inner cell mass (ICM). Finally, we compared the similarities and differences between human and guinea pig epiblasts (EPIs).
Conclusion: This study systematically constructs a cell atlas of guinea pig preimplantation embryonic development, offering fresh insights into mammalian embryonic development and providing alternative experimental models for studying human embryonic development.
Uncovering University Application Patterns through Graph Representation Learning
Authors: Sugiarto Hendrik Santoso , Tjandra Yozef Giovanni
Published: August 2024

In university admissions, interaction networks naturally emerge between prospective students and available majors. Discovering network patterns in this context is often difficult as many existing models require exhaustive data of both the students and majors. In this work, we uncover the patterns by harnessing Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) to construct a compact vector space, leveraging only the graph's adjacency data to provide applicants and majors embedding representation. These embeddings are then applied to facilitate major recommendation and clustering tasks. For major recommendation, the GCN embeddings demonstrate superior performance over both classical and neural embeddings, achieving improvements of up to 61.06% and 12.17% across smaller (dimension 40) and larger embedding sizes (dimension 80), respectively. This underscores the GCN efficacy in leveraging lower-dimensional representations more effectively than traditional methods. Furthermore, hierarchical clustering based on embedding distances uncovers implicit patterns in applicant preferences based on the fields of study and geographic locations of majors, even in the absence of explicit data on these attributes during training. This highlights the method's capability to derive meaningful insights from interaction networks without exhaustive entity-level data.
HyperDiffuseNet: a deep hyperbolic manifold learning method for dimensionality reduction in spatial transcriptomics
Authors: Qi Jing , Wen Shuai , Yang Mingyu , Jin Shuilin
Published: August 2024

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) utilizes spatial localization information to profile tissue transcriptomes, presenting substantial computational challenges due to data complexity and high dimensionality. However, conventional dimensionality reduction strategies of such data predicated on Euclidean space often distort spatial distribution and regulatory mechanisms. In this work, we develop HyperDiffuseNet, an innovative deep hyperbolic manifold learning dimensionality reduction method that integrates hyperbolic manifolds with graph diffusion convolutional layers and neural networks to enhance ST data representation. Empirical evaluations on real datasets show that HyperDiffuseNet outperforms traditional dimensionality reduction methods in ST data clustering tasks, elucidating critical biological processes and uncovering pivotal cellular signaling pathways.
PRS-20: a protocol for identifying the needs related to drug use, health and social (re)integration of people living in prison within five European countries
Authors: Plettinckx Els , Berndt Nadine , Seixas Rita , De Smet Stefaan , Antoine Jérôme , Bruggeman Helena , Harth Nina , Papadopoulou Athanasia , Bafi Loulia , Fotiou Anastasios , Pridotkienė Evelina , Kalinauskaitė Rima , Rasimaite Brigita , Tsiakkirou Myria , Balcaen Margot , Fernandez Kim , Gremeaux Lies , Dirkx Nicky , De Ridder Karin , Yiasemi Ioanna , Mavrou Josefina
Published: August 2024

Background: Compared to the general population, people living in prison experience substantially more poor (mental) health issues. Moreover, delinquency and drug use have many risk factors in common. Therefore, a need exists for extensive knowledge about health, drug use patterns, related needs of people with a detention background and the coverage of drug-related interventions in prison within Europe. The current protocol describes the design of a study in prison about wellbeing, drug use and related care.
Methods/design: A multicentre mixed method design is implemented in five European countries (Belgium, Cyprus, Greece, Lithuania and Luxembourg). Qualitative and quantitative data collection tools are combined in order to generate complementary and comprehensive results. First, a cross-sectional survey among people living in prison is conducted. This survey is based on a model questionnaire, EQDP, developed by the European Monitoring Centre for Drug and Drugs Addiction. Second, people living in prison and people who have been recently released from prison are involved in qualitative semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The main topics of interest are the use of drugs and other health related topics such as loneliness, anxiety, depression, infectious diseases, suicide and treatment. Third, data about service provision in prison is collected through a quantitative survey addressed to the prison authorities.
Discussion: This study protocol allows to address potential harms of drug use among people with a prison history and drug-related interventions inside prison at an international level. The strength of this study is that it builds on a common methodology that can be implemented in the same period of time. At the same time, sufficient flexibility is guaranteed so that every participating country in the study has the possibility to adapt the common methodology to its own specific legal requirements and practical circumstances. Nevertheless, this approach comes also with some limitations. Comparability and generalizability of the results are difficult to reach.
Investigation of women's Reproductive History, attitude toward childbearing and associated factors in Rafsanjan City, Iran, 2021
Authors: Riahi Sania , Ghorashi Zohreh , Sahebi Zohreh
Published: August 2024

Background:
Addressing recent population growth policies in Iran, this study aimed to determine the attitude toward childbearing, reproductive history, and factors associated with them in women of Rafsanjan City in 2021.
Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a census sampling method on 875 married women in 2019–2020 who referred to the premarital counseling center of Rafsanjan. For data gathering, a demographic checklist and childbearing attitude questionnaire were used. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square and t-tests.
Results:
Of the 875 study samples, 27.43% werein engagement period, 27.43% were married and childless, 39.31% were married and had children, and 5.83% were divorced. The outcome of 26.01% of pregnancies resulted in abortion. There was a direct correlation between childbearing attitude scores and the women'sreligiosity (P < 0.001). Women with lower educational levels, no income, unemployed and rural women, had a better attitude towards childbearing (P < 0.01).
Conclusions:
Although people's attitude towards childbearing is positive after three years of marriage, the number of live birth is low. The higher ratio of abortion in the total number of pregnancies compared to the average miscarriage rate, seems to indicate a high prevalence of unsafe and illegal abortion. Considering the potential risks, it is necessary to reconsider the policy of limiting the supply of family planning services, which increases unsafe abortion.
The research relationship: participant perspectives on consent in biobanking
Authors: Thompson Rachel , Lyle Kate , Samuel Gabrielle , Holliday Jo , Starkey Fenella , Wallace Susan , Lucassen Anneke
Published: August 2024

Background: This paper examines the ethical challenges associated with the governance of large-scale biobanks. As the collection and interrogation of population-scale data is increasingly positioned as the route to new understandings of health and disease, these large-scale biobanks that rely on health research governance are becoming essential elements of research infrastructure. However, their longitudinal nature presents growing challenges for governance. Typically, health research governance uses a one-off consent model where participants agree to specific activities, but evolving technologies make it difficult to anticipate future research applications at the time of consent. Using a recent case study from UK Biobank, we demonstrate how trying to reconcile new research activities with old consent forms risks overlooking critical ethical issues —particularly how the proposed activity aligns with participants’ understanding and expectation of biobank research.
Methods: We report on our qualitative research with UK Biobank participants, conducting focus groups using individual and group exercises to explore their views on consent and research applications. We conducted thematic analysis of focus group transcripts applying both an inductive and deductive approach to coding, which was done using NVIVO qualitative data analysis software.
Results: Our findings show that participants locate responsibility for research decisions with the biobank, rather than seeking control through their consent. They perceive their consent not as a one-off agreement but as the 'opening act' for an enduring research relationship with the biobank.
Conclusions: Prioritising the ongoing research relationship and the practices that sustain it, rather than relying solely on consent procedures, can better support ethical research over time.
Mathematical modeling of the anti-vibration foundation for mechanical installations and high-rise buildings
Authors: Bakhshali Valeh I.
Published: August 2024

The research relates to the foundations of installations, buildings, and machines. The article aims to provide a foundation structure that reduces the amplitude of oscillation of structures from various technical reasons and natural phenomena, preventing resonant phenomena and economical use of foundation material. Compared to existing foundations, the proposed foundation provides a decrease in amplitude prevents the resonance of vibrations of mechanical installations and seismic vibrations of buildings during an earthquake, and creates savings in the use of cement-concrete material. This article considers mathematical, structural, and practical modeling of anti-vibration monolithic and pile foundations of mechanical installations and buildings. The study aims to create a foundation design that reduces the amplitude of oscillation of structures from various technical reasons and natural phenomena, prevents resonant phenomena, and makes economical use of foundation-reinforced concrete material. Features of engineering calculations, monolithic and pile types of foundations of machines, and high-rise buildings are considered. Studies show that the big monolithic mass of the foundation plays a negative role in the vibration of the building. Since the mass of the foundation is disproportionate, the stability of the building will be lost and due to the action of a massive foundation, its movement increases and the building does not return to its previous position. Therefore the optimal mass of the anti-vibration foundation depends on the mass of the building. The expression of the foundation depending on the weight of the building or technical equipment which is the novelty is derived in this paper. The novelty of the article is characterized by new mathematical modeling of the anti-vibration foundation for mechanical installations and high-rise buildings. For this reason the oscillation (vibration) of a mechanical system consisting of a building and a foundation, a practical hypothesis was adopted. Recommendations are given for designing the pile foundations of buildings and equipment. The research results can be used in the design of foundations of buildings and mechanical structures.
Prediction of maize copper content in copper-poor area based on machine learning
Authors: Zhang Husheng , Hu Linshu , Yang Zhongfang , Li Cheng , Ge Yunzhao , Wu Sensen , Du Zhenhong
Published: August 2024

As an essential micronutrient, copper (Cu) plays a crucial role in various biological functions in both plant growth and human health. Long-term consumption of a diet based on low Cu-containing grains may lead to Cu deficiency in human body, resulting in a range of health issues. The absorption of Cu by crops largely depends on bioavailable Cu rather than total Cu content in soil. The safe development of Cu-enriched grain resources is an urgent issue to be solved. Therefore, 6,980 topsoil and 109 pairs of maize-rhizosphere soil samples were collected and tested in Linshui County, Sichuan, China. The results indicated that the soil Cu content in the study area ranged from 3.33 to 173.00 mg kg−1, with the average value of 25.40 mg kg−1, which was significantly lower than the Cu background value of 32.00 mg kg-1 in Sichuan Province. However, the Cu content of maize, with the average value of 1.77 mg kg−1, was significantly higher than the average Cu content of Chinese maize (0.9 mg kg−1). There was no significant positive correlation between Cu content in rhizosphere soil and Cu content in maize grains. Combined with geodetector and correlation analysis, the result showed that the factors in influencing the Cu bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of maize were TFe2O3, Mn, OM, Al2O3, SiO2 and pH. The Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Random Forest (RF) model were used to predict the maize Cu-BAF, the RF model showed better stability and accuracy. Prediction generated by the RF model indicated that, 99.98% of the county's farmland had maize Cu content exceeding 0.9 mg kg-1, and 6.39% of the farmland had maize Cu content exceeding 2.5 mg kg-1. This study provides important references for scientific cultivation and holds profound implications for advancing the application of machine learning algorithms in agriculture.
Endoscopic Lacrimal Silicone Tube Intubation in Patients with Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ishikawa Sho , Shoji Takuhei , Shinoda Kei
Published: August 2024

Background: A lacrimal endoscope is the only instrument that can be used to observe the luminal side of the lacrimal duct. Lacrimal tube intubation (LTI) surgery using a lacrimal endoscope is less invasive than a dacryocystorhinostomy. However, in LTI surgery for PANDO, the risk factors for poor outcomes although it remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the outcomes and risk factors of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) treated with LTI.
Methods: This retrospective study was performed at Saitama Medical University Hospital. We enrolled 102 patients (75 females; mean age 72.1±9.0) who were diagnosed with unilateral PANDO and underwent LTI surgery using lacrimal endoscope between August 2016 and January 2020. Preoperatively, the lacrimal pathways were washed with a normal saline solution and samples obtained were cultured. The obstruction sites in the lacrimal pathway were determined endoscopically. Eight weeks after LTI, samples obtained from a piece of the removed lacrimal tube were cultured. We identified the bacterial cultures observed before and after the surgery. We examined risk factors for re-occlusion in patients with PANDO during the first 6 months after surgery.
Results: Ninety-four (92.2%) sides successfully passed the lacrimal syringing test 6 months after surgery. In univariate and multivariate analyses, the risk factors for lacrimal duct re-occlusion were diabetes mellitus (p=0.02, 0.04, respectively) and the presence of granulomatous changes on endoscopy (p<0.001, 0.02, respectively). All 11 patients with PANDO and diabetes mellitus had positive lacrimal tube culture results.
Conclusion: LTI failure was more common in patients with diabetic complications or when granulation was observed on lacrimal duct endoscopy.
Executive Functioning, Familial Accommodation, and Treatment Response in Youth with OCD and Comorbid ADHD
Authors: Killion Bryana , Marklin Marika , O'Connor Erin , Freeman Jennifer B. , Cain Grace H. , Walther Michael , Benito Kristen Grabill
Published: August 2024

Few studies have examined differential treatment response, rates of familial accommodation (FA), and executive functioning (EF) in youth with OCD vs. OCD + ADHD, particularly in a partial hospitalization program. The current study includes 138 youth diagnosed with OCD only and 102 youth diagnosed with OCD + ADHD for a total sample of 240 youth (and their families). Families and clinicians completed several measures assessing child and parent variables of interest. Findings of ANCOVA analyses suggest poorer treatment response and executive functioning in children with comorbid OCD + ADHD compared to their counterparts with OCD only. No significant differences emerged between groups in baseline levels of symptom severity, functional impairment, or familial accommodation. Given the high rate of comorbidity between OCD + ADHD, clinicians and researchers should be aware of the need to modify treatment approaches for children with comorbid OCD + ADHD and/or EF deficits.
Computational Identification of Potential RET Inhibitors for Targeted Lung Cancer Therapy through Molecular Docking and ADMET Profiling
Authors: S. Sulaiman A. , K. Teli P. , R. Dhakar , A. Muhammad H. , F. Chaturvedi , M. Ibrahim I.
Published: August 2024

Lung cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, often involves aberrations in the RET (Rearranged during Transfection) gene, making it a critical target for therapeutic intervention. This study aims to identify potential small molecule inhibitors for the RET protein through molecular docking, to enhance treatment options for RET-associated lung cancer. The 3D structure of the RET protein was obtained from the PDB database, and a library of 901 ligand molecules was sourced from SelleckChem. Refinement of this library using FAF-Drugs4 resulted in 266 molecules suitable for further analysis based on drug-like properties and ADMET profiles. Molecular docking simulations revealed that seven out of ten ligands formed at least one hydrogen bond with the RET protein, with Pyracarbolid exhibiting the highest number. Fenuron heptanoate, Bis(phenylthioureido)carbamoyl-ethanediyl, Fluorolintane, and Sulfanilamide-4-chlorobenzoyl chloride showed moderate interactions, while Phthalimide and Thalidomide formed the fewest hydrogen bonds. This study's docking analysis identified potential lead compounds with favorable binding characteristics, contributing to our understanding of ligand-receptor interactions and offering insights into the design of new drugs targeting the RET protein receptor.
Compact three-channel photonic crystal fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance
Authors: Huo Tianli , Jing Xili , Yin Zhiyong , Gao Tianci , Song Mingshi
Published: August 2024

In order to improve the integration of fiber optic sensors, this paper designs a dual-core three-channel photonic crystal fiber(PCF)optic sensor that can simultaneously measure the refractive index of a liquid, its temperature, and the ambient magnetic field. Based on the PCF as well as SPR principles, the sensor has two D-planes, one coated with PDMS as well as a gold film for detecting temperature and the other coated with a gold film for detecting refractive index and coated with a gold film over the air holes on the side of the core where the refractive index is measured, and a magnetic fluid injected into the air holes to detect the magnetic field. The results show a maximum sensitivity of 20,000 nm/RIU for refractive index, a linear sensitivity of 116 pm/Oe for magnetic field, and 5,300 pm/°C for temperature when the sample's refractive index is between 1.36 and 1.42, the temperature is between 0°C and 50°C, and the magnetic field is between 20 Oe and 550 Oe. The sensitivity matrix of temperature versus refractive index is also given. The sensor is compact and simple to prepare, providing a new solution for miniaturization and integration of multifunctional photonic devices.
Mitochondrial RNA cytosolic leakage drives the SASP
Authors: Victorelli Stella , Eppard Madeline , Woo Seung-Hwa , Everts Stacia , Martini Helene , Pirius Nicholas , Franco Ana Catarina , Han Yeaeun , Saul Dominik , Splinter Patrick , O'Hara Steven , Valenzuela-Pérez Lucia , Lee Hyun Se Kim , Jurk Diana , LaRusso Nicholas , Hirsova Petra , Passos Joao
Published: August 2024

Senescent cells secrete proinflammatory factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), contributing to tissue dysfunction and aging. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key feature of senescence, influencing SASP via mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release and cGAS/STING pathway activation. Here, we demonstrate that mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) also accumulates in the cytosol of senescent cells, activating RNA sensors RIG-I and MDA5, leading to MAVS aggregation and SASP induction. Inhibition of these RNA sensors significantly reduces SASP factors. Furthermore, BAX and BAK plays a key role in mtRNA leakage during senescence, and their deletion diminishes SASP expression in vitro and in a mouse model of Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH). These findings highlight mtRNA's role in SASP regulation and its potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating age-related inflammation.
The impact of diclofenac suppositories on postcesarean section pain: a systematic literature review
Authors: Antwi Sara Agyemang , Antwi Prince Kwabena Agyemang , Adarkwa Samuel Akwasi , Mensah Kwesi Boadu , Woode Eric
Published: August 2024

Background:Managing postoperative pain after cesarean section is imperative, as acute postoperative pain is considered a risk factor for chronic postoperativepain. We investigatedthe role of diclofenac suppositories in postoperative pain management after cesarean section.Methods:For this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and two other clinical trial registers from database inception up to July 23 to July 26, 2024. We included randomized controlled trials and other studies in whichdiclofenac suppositories were administeredas an intentional intervention. We excluded studies not reported in English and without a focus on the principal medicine (diclofenac suppository). Two researchers independently selected studies and evaluated the risk of bias with RoB-2 according to PRISMA-2020 guidelines. Primary outcomes included pain severity or intensity measured with validated clinical scales. We synthesized the studies narratively.Findings:From 203 records, we selected 16 studies. Discrepancies in the study design or its reporting were observed. The visual analogue scale (VAS) is a frequently used pain assessment tool. Diclofenac suppositories were compared under three broad categories: placebo, other nonsteroidalanti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids andopioid-like medicines. The combination of pain medicines (multimodal analgesia) was central to most ofthe studies; however, heterogeneity and risk of bias undermine the reliability of these findings.Interpretation:The combination of diclofenac suppositories with other NSAIDs, which are usually opioids such as morphine, meperidine or pentazocine, reduces the need for rescue pain medicines.
Hydatid Cyst involving the Biceps Brachii: A Singular Case Report of a Rare Intramuscular Affliction.
Authors: Purkayastha Debaraj Shome , Das Gautam , Mahanta Arup Kumar , Purkayastha Satakshi Shome
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: Hydatid disease (HD) is an endemic zoonotic parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The incidence of HD in the musculoskeletal system and soft tissues is extremely rare, ranging from 0.5% to 4.7%.
CASE REPORT: We present a rare case of primary intramuscular hydatid disease in an agricultural worker, diagnosed through clinical evaluation, serological testing, and imaging, and managed with surgical intervention.
DISCUSSION: Hydatid disease is primarily transmitted through ingestion of eggs, leading to infection by the larval form of Echinococcus. While other transmission modes have been suggested, they lack strong evidence. Hydatid cysts most commonly affect the liver and lungs, but can rarely develop in muscles, which generally provide an unfavourable environment due to high lactic acid levels and muscle contractility. Intramuscular hydatid cysts, particularly in the upper limbs, are especially uncommon, likely due to constant muscle activity in this region.
Ultrasound, MRI, and serological tests are crucial diagnostic tools, with MRI being particularly useful for intramuscular cases. Surgical excision is the primary treatment, with pre- and post-operative anthelmintic therapy reducing recurrence rates.
CONCLUSION: Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for hydatidosis in patients from endemic regions, particularly those with an agricultural background, when assessing musculoskeletal swellings. Early detection ensures timely management.
Algebraic knowledge for teaching test: An adaptation study
Authors: Bozkurt Ali , Özmusul Begüm
Published: August 2024

In this study, the Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching-Elementary Patterns Functions and Algebra-Content Knowledge (MKT-PFA) test, originally developed in English as part of the "Learning Mathematics for Teaching Project" at Michigan University, was adapted into Turkish. The test comprises two equivalent forms, A and B, each translated into Turkish and culturally adapted through consultations with two mathematics education academics and five secondary school math teachers pursuing doctoral studies. A total of 328 pre-service teachers at a Turkish public university's elementary school mathematics teaching department were administered form A (14 questions, 29 items) and form B (12 questions, 27 items) at a one-week interval. Psychometric analyses revealed high reliability (KR-20: A=0.712, B=0.735; Lord reliability: A=0.733, B=0.756), and strong correlations (rpbi) with the original English forms, indicating suitable adaptation. Item difficulties analyzed using a one-parameter Item Response Theory model showed a normal distribution, affirming the tests' validity for assessing pre-service teachers' algebra teaching knowledge in Türkiye.
Educating non-specialized audiences about seismic design principles using videos and physical models
Authors: Morales-beltran Mauricio , Kızılörenli Ecenur , Duyal Ceren
Published: August 2024

The prevalence of self-construction practices in Türkiye has resulted in a building stock whose earthquake resilience is highly uncertain. To mitigate the potentially devastating impact of anticipated large earthquakes, one viable approach is to increase earthquake awareness among builders themselves. However, these builders lack formal engineering training and are ordinary citizens. Therefore, the challenge lies in devising visual teaching methods, such as short videos, to explain complex seismic phenomena in a comprehensible manner. This paper introduces the use of educational media tailored for non-specialized audiences, encompassing regular citizens and students without engineering backgrounds. These videos are based on experiments conducted with physical models on a homemade shake table. They focus on key factors influencing the seismic response of multi-storey buildings and highlight common design and construction errors that lead to building damage. To assess the effectiveness of this approach, we conducted a workshop with junior architecture students, followed by post-workshop qualitative assessments through knowledge surveys and interviews. The findings indicate that while single-topic videos were effective learning tools for students without prior knowledge of seismic building design, students found models particularly useful for explaining specific concepts such as torsional behavior, the role of diaphragms, and the performance of non-structural components. However, despite positive feedback on the effectiveness of model testing, students generally did not perceive significant knowledge acquisition in model construction. Ultimately, the accessibility of freely available videos, coupled with their enhanced educational value, makes them effective tools for raising seismic awareness in communities vulnerable to future earthquakes.
Coleta seletiva: Panorama dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no consórcio complexo nascentes do pantanal
Authors: De Carvalho Danilo Borges , Alcântara Liliane Cristine Schlemer , Sguarezi Sandro Benedito , Ribeiro Magno Alves
Published: August 2024

A crise civilizatória, o aumento descontrolado e a apropriação indevida da natureza fez com que a proporção em que materiais são descartado tivesse aumento considerável. Com o alto número de descarte, em especial o de resíduos sólidos, torna a situação cada dia mais complexa e preocupante, sendo gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos a partir da coleta seletiva uma estratégia para reduzir os impactos gerados. Tendo em vista o exposto, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo apresentar um panorama dos resíduos sólidos no âmbito de atuação do Consórcio Complexo Nascentes do Pantanal (CCNP). A partir dos dados, foi possível observar que as atividades desenvolvidas pelo CCNP contribui significativamente para a sociedade. Entre os principais achados, observa-se que o CCNP têm buscado atender o preconizado pela Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), mesmo que ainda não alcance todas as metas propostas. Além disso, observa que há necessidade de um melhoramento no que tange aos processos de educação ambiental, principalmente na implementação de uma educação ambiental crítica, acompanhada de implementação de processos de incubação e melhor desenvolvimento da tecnologia social nos membros do consórcio.
Efeitos da cobertura do Programa Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) sobre a proporção de internações por doenças de veiculação hídrica no estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: De Souza Pedro Henrique Ferreira , Teixeira Evandro Camargos
Published: August 2024

As deficiências em termos de infraestrutura de saneamento têm como consequência agravamento das condições de saúde, particularmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Como forma de minimizar tais efeitos deletérios, alguns programas têm sido implementados. À vista disso, esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos do programa Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), representado pela capacidade de atendimento das equipes de saúde da família (eSF), sobre a proporção de internações por doenças de veiculação hídrica no estado de Minas Gerais. O referido estado se caracteriza pela elevada heterogeneidade entre suas regiões, o que representa a realidade brasileira. Para sua consecução, o estudo utiliza o método de dados em painel dinâmico, considerando o período 2015-2021. Como principal resultado, verificou-se que a maior cobertura do programa nos municípios mineiros diminuiu a proporção de internação por doenças de transmissão hídrica. Tal resultado está relacionado à capacidade de atendimento das eSF, uma vez que além de possuírem vasta capilarização territorial, elas propiciam melhoria das condições de higiene por parte da população (prevenção), diagnósticos e tratamento das enfermidades relacionadas ao saneamento, ações que impactam diretamente na incidência de internações por tais enfermidades. A partir dos resultados, reforça-se a importância de ampliação da cobertura do programa com vistas a reduzir a incidência das referidas doenças em Minas Gerais e no país.
General trends in the actualization of phatic speech tools in Russian, German and English TV interviews
Authors:   A.P. Chekhov Institute (Branch) in Taganrog, Rostov State University of Economics, Murashova Evgeniya A.
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the phatic speech means of one of the genres of media discourse — the genre of television interview. A brief description of the media discourse is given, the structure of the television interview is described, some of its linguistic and extralinguistic features are clarified, including a high degree of generalization and depersonalization of the sender-interviewer and individualization of the sender-interviewee, a high degree of depersonalization of the recipient, assimilation of the styles of public and everyday communication of communicants, diverse conditionality and interdiscursivity of the message. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of the phatic component of a television interview, including in accordance with the realized speech roles of the sender, with the need to accentuate individual components of the communicative situation in particular and accentuate the interaction of the sender and recipient in general. In line with the communicative-discursive research paradigm, the meaningful components of the ritualized communicative situation of the “TV interview” are illustrated: greeting, presentation, discussion, summing up, gratitude, farewell. The general trends of actualization of phatic speech means in the Russian, German and English languages corresponding to these content components are outlined. The phatic component correlates with other components of the TV interview: informative, influencing and regulatory. As illustrative material, we use stereotypically actualized by the senders phatic speech means from the current TV interviews of the TV channels RT (Russia Today), Deutsche Welle* and BBC. The categories forming the basis of the communicative and discursive analysis of TV interviews are outlined. Conclusions are formulated and prospects for further research of the actualization of phatic speech means in Russian-, German- and Englishlanguage TV interviews are outlined, including the study of the actualization of phatic speech means focused on the perception of diverse potential recipients of TV interviews. Keywords: media discourse, TV interview, phatic speech tools.
Hybrid modelling of nitrogen removal by biofiltration using high-frequent operational data
Authors: Serrao Marcello , Jauzein Vincent , Juran Ilan , Tassin Bruno , Vanrolleghem Peter
Published: August 2024

In this research, a parallel hybrid model is presented for the simulation of nitrogen removal by submerged biofiltration of a very large-size wastewater treatment plant. This hybrid model combines a mechanistic and a machine learning model to produce accurate predictions of water quality variables. The models are calibrated and validated using detailed and quality-controlled operational data collected over a period of 3.5 months in 2020. The mechanistic model is a modified activated sludge model that describes the biological, physical and chemical processes taking place in a biofilm reactor based on the domain knowledge of these processes. A three-layer feed-forward artificial neural network with a rectified linear activation function that aims to reduce the mechanistic model's residual error and then correct its output. The results show how the hybrid model outperforms and significantly reduces the size of the mechanistic model's prediction errors of the effluent nitrate concentration from a relative mean error of 12% (mechanistic model) to 2% (hybrid model) during training. The error on nitrate simulations increases to 8% during hybrid model testing, still significantly lower than the error of the mechanistic model. These results support future operational applications of hybrid biofilm models, such as in digital twins.
A Comprehensive Review of the Factors and Strategies to Mitigate Construction Projects Delays in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshammari Adel , Ghazali Farid E. Mohamed
Published: August 2024

Background

The construction industry in Saudi Arabia faces numerous challenges that hinder its progress due to frequent and prolonged project delays.

Objective

The specific objectives of this study are (1) (1) To analyze the factors contributing to construction project delays in Saudi Arabia, (2) To identify the risk of factors contributing to construction project delays, and (3) To propose strategies to mitigate construction project delays in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

The study reviewed 16 articles to identify and suggest solutions for construction project delays in Saudi Arabia.

Results

There are 140 factors of delay found and seven pose unacceptable risks including delays due to material delivery, delays in approval of submittals, design drawings, shop drawings, and sample materials (making decisions), delays related to subcontractors work, inflation and escalation of material prices (changes in price), lack of coordination with contractors, shortage of construction materials (non-availability of material), and equipment shortages. The risk assessment can be conducted using the Bowtie diagram, scenario analysis, MRM, and MCS separately or collectively to get a new and improved model.

Conclusion

This review will contribute to the development of strategies to enhance the performance of ongoing and future construction projects in the region. Additionally, decision-makers can utilize the outcomes to strategically allocate resources and improve construction project success.
semantic analysis of figurative language used in DH Lawrence’s ‘Snake’
Authors: Eragamreddy Nagamurali
Published: August 2024

The present research delves into the nuanced world of figurative language within DH Lawrence's poem, 'Snake,' investigating its role in conveying emotional depth and symbolic resonance. The study is inspired by the intersection of figurative language in both poetry and, Lawrence's poetic craftsmanship giving a captivating subject. Through meticulous analysis, the researcher aims to elucidate the influence of figurative elements on the poem's emotional and symbolic dimensions, unraveling insights into the speaker's psychological aspects and the broader human experience. The research contributes to English language teaching by investigating the prospective of incorporating the poem, 'Snake' into pedagogy. By fostering an accolade for the pleasant features of studying literature beyond monotonous analysis, this study deals with a fresh perspective on the multifaceted layers of figurative language in poetry.
Karakteristik Pekerja Anak Dan Analisis Faktor Rumah Tangga Yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Pekerja Anak Di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara.
Authors: ANWAR DEWI FATIMAH , SUKAMDI SUKAMDI , ALFANA MUHAMMAD ARIF FAHRUDIN
Published: August 2024

Pekerja anak merupakan tiap-tiap anak yang bekerja dengan sifat dan intensitasnya bersifat mengganggu dan membahayakan kesehatan. Selain itu juga bersifat mengganggu keselamatan anak dan tumbuh kembangnya. Persentase pekerja anak selama periode empat tahun ini tidak mengalami penurunan, bahkan jumlah anak yang bekerja secara global meningkat lebih dari 8 juta. Secara nasional, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara menempati posisi tertinggi dalam persentase pekerja anak pada tahun 2019-2020. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik berupa data mentah survei angkatan kerja nasional bulan Agustus 2021. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif inferensial dengan persamaan logistik biner. Ciri-ciri pekerja anak di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara adalah sebagian besar berusia 17 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan, tinggal di pedesaan, tidak lagi bersekolah, bekerja sebagai buruh/pegawai/pegawai, jam kerja antara 40-70 jam per minggu, memiliki kepala rumah tangga yang tidak bekerja atau bekerja di sektor informal sebagai pekerjaan utama, dan mayoritasnya memiliki anggota rumah tangga sebanyak 5 orang.
Corpus Analysis Discourse Study (CADS): Diskusi “Klitih” melalui Media sosial Twitter Sebagai Ruang Publik Pada Tahun 2022 – 2023
Authors: Prabawati Lina Putri , Nurhidayah Siti , Elysa Sepriza
Published: August 2024

Maraknya isu “Klitih” memang telah menjadi keresahan dan kegelisahan masyarakat di Yogyakarta, pasalnya kasus “Klitih” yang belakangan terjadi berkaitan dengan tindak penyimpangan seperti kekerasan dan penghilangan nyawa. Oleh karena itu, pada era digitalisasi seperti saat ini, sebagian besar masyarakat merepresentasikan kerasahan sekaligus aspirasinya pada media sosial salah satunya melalui Twitter atau yang saat ini disebut dengan X. Pada dasarnya tujuan atau fokus dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan isu tentang “Klitih” yang terjadi di Yogyakarta yang dilihat  melalui diskusi masyarakat pada media sosial Twitter atau X. Studi akan mengidentifikasi mengenai tanggapan masyarakat terkait kasus “Klitih” di Yogyakarta sebagai bentuk dari advokasi digital  yang dilakukan melalui media sosial khususnya Twitter. Metode analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Corpus-Assisted Discourse Study (CADS) dengan menganalisis data cuitan atau tweet pada Twitter. Proses pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui scraping Twitter dengan menggunakan kata kunci terkait “Klitih”. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga wacana dominan yang muncul dalam diskusi atau pembahasan masyarakat mengenai kasus “Klitih” pada media Twitter, yaitu Pariwisata; Stakeholder dan Respon Masyarakat. Diskusi masyarakat yang terungkap memberikan pemahaman tentang kekhawatiran dan aspirasi yang perlu diperhatikan dalam penanganan “ Klitih” di Yogyakarta melalui proses kerjasama antar stakeholder yang meliputi pihak kepolisian dan juga pemerintah.