bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of composite structural parameters on tribo‐mechanical characteristics and thermal conductivity of self‐lubricant composites
Authors: Shahramforouz Fatemeh , Hejazi Seyed Mahdi , Taherizadeh Aboozar
Published: October 2021

This article aims to look into the impact of structural parameters on the tribological, mechanical, and thermal functions of composites. These parameters include the reinforcement type, the winding angle and winding type. The tribological characteristics of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/epoxy filament wound composites with various reinforcements including E‐glass, Kevlar, and ultra‐high‐molecular weight polyethylene were examined under two different loads and the sliding velocity of 0.12 m/s. After the wear test, the worn surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The compressive strength of the composites was considered under static loading conditions to investigate the mechanical properties. Also, the thermal conductivity of the composites was investigated. Interfacial shear strength (IFSS) was measured by applying a single fiber microdroplet pullout test. The tribological and mechanical performance of the composites containing Kevlar reinforcement fibers was found to be better than that of PE and glass. The winding angle of 55° showed a better performance, and the hybrid winding type was more suitable than the layered one. So in general, it could be concluded that the hybrid‐Kevlar/PTFE‐55° composite exhibited the best tribological and mechanical performance among all composites. The thermal conductivity of hybrid‐Kevlar/PTFE‐55° composites was not high; therefore, it was increased by tungsten carbide (WC). According to the microdroplet test results, IFSS was the highest between Kevlar fibers and the matrix; it was raised by employing WC. The reported results may facilitate the development of self‐lubricant composites embedded in WC fillers applicable in bearings.
Globally asymptotic stability and synchronization analysis of uncertain multi‐agent systems with multiple time‐varying delays and impulses
Authors: Arockia Samy Stephen , Cao Yang , Ramachandran Raja , Alzabut Jehad , Niezabitowski Michal , Lim Chee Peng
Published: October 2021

This article interrogates the issue of global asymptotic stability and synchronization analysis of uncertain multi‐agent systems (MASs) with multiple time‐varying delays (discrete and distributed) and impulsive perturbations. In this problem, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point using Brouwer degree properties for the addressed MASs. By applying the approach of Lyapunov–Krasovskii function into the considered system, we achieve the global asymptotic stability and the synchronization criteria by designing the pining control strategy into the MAS. Finally, we provide two numerical calculations along with the computational simulations to check the validity of the theoretical findings reported in this article.
Robust impulsive observer design for infinite‐dimensional cell population balance models
Authors: Schaum Alexander , Jerono Pascal , Feketa Petro
Published: October 2021

The observer design problem for a class of cell population balance models, describing the time evolution of the cell mass density distribution function and the substrate concentration in a continuous‐stirred tank bioreactor with irregular discrete‐time measurements of the cell mass distribution is considered. The model consists of a partial integro‐differential equation coupled with an ordinary differential equation. Using the theory of impulsive systems sufficient conditions for the input‐to‐state‐stability (ISS) of the observation error in the state‐spacewith respect to the measurement uncertainty are derived in terms of the maximum time between successive measurements and the ISS gain. In absence of measurement uncertainty the convergence conditions imply exponential stability of the observation error dynamics. Besides these rigorous conditions, application‐oriented tuning guidelines are established. The theoretical results are illustrated with numerical simulations including a comparison with a continuous–discrete extended Kalman filter based on the numerical approximation, showing that a similar accuracy is achieved when using a finite‐dimensional approximation of the proposed impulsive observer scheme with a considerably lower computational effort.
Bayesian model‐averaged meta‐analysis in medicine
Authors: Bartoš František , Gronau Quentin F. , Timmers Bram , Otte Willem M. , Ly Alexander , Wagenmakers Eric‐Jan
Published: October 2021

We outline a Bayesian model‐averaged (BMA) meta‐analysis for standardized mean differences in order to quantify evidence for both treatment effectiveness and across‐study heterogeneity . We construct four competing models by orthogonally combining two present‐absent assumptions, one for the treatment effect and one for across‐study heterogeneity. To inform the choice of prior distributions for the model parameters, we used 50% of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to specify rival prior distributions for and . The relative predictive performance of the competing models and rival prior distributions was assessed using the remaining 50% of the Cochrane Database. On average, —the model that assumes the presence of a treatment effect as well as across‐study heterogeneity—outpredicted the other models, but not by a large margin. Within , predictive adequacy was relatively constant across the rival prior distributions. We propose specific empirical prior distributions, both for the field in general and for each of 46 specific medical subdisciplines. An example from oral health demonstrates how the proposed prior distributions can be used to conduct a BMA meta‐analysis in the open‐source softwareRand JASP. The preregistered analysis plan is available athttps://osf.io/zs3df/.
Monetary Penalties in the National Cybersecurity System Act
Authors: Radoniewicz Filip
Published: October 2021

This chapter presents the provisions of Chapter 14 (“Provisions regarding monetary penalties”) of NCSA containing provisions directed at implementing the provisions of Art. 21 of the NIS which obliging Member States to lay down sanctions applicable to infringements of the national provisions adopted pursuant to the NIS Directive and to take all necessary measures to ensure their implementation.

Pursuant to the above provision of the NIS Directive, the Polish legislator adopted an appropriate provisions providing for administrative liability for three groups of entities: operators of essential services, digital service providers and (additionally) managers of operators of essential services.

To the penalties imposed on the basis of the NCSA, the provisions of the Code of Administrative Procedure apply, which results directly from the content of art. 189a Code of Administrative Procedure.

In this case, provisions of NCSA are ‘lex specialis’ and take precedence over codex regulations. On the other hand, however, it is difficult to consider the statutory regulation as complete (in Chapter 14, in principle, only provisions regulating the types of violations and the amount of administrative penalties are provided), hence the need to apply the provisions of the Code of Administrative Procedure.
Operational Activities in the Field of Cybersecurity
Authors: Kurek Justyna
Published: October 2021

The increase in cybercrime and the importance of cyberspace for the preparatory stage of crimes led to the redefinition of operational and exploratory activities. It has become desirable to move away from the concept of targeted surveillance and towards prevention systems used on a massive scale. This trend is manifested in using technological achievements like hacking software for legal purposes. The goal of this article is to define the concept of state-run on-line remote search of information systems, including the use of breakthrough security software like spyware, in the context of procedural- and pre-trial guarantees, the presumption of innocence and protection of privacy. The article attempts to verify the following research hypothesis: that the creation of new appropriate guarantees (institutional, substantive and procedural) for the digital environment is required since the existing safeguards appropriate to the actions in the real world cannot be applied by analogy in the digital environment without influencing the effectiveness of the measures. The legal framework for operational activities in the digital world must take into account the requirement of subsidiarity and necessity of maintaining a balance between effective criminal law and respect for privacy.
National Cybersecurity System Act
Authors: Radoniewicz Filip
Published: October 2021

The Act of the 5th of July 2018 on the National Cybersecurity System (hereinafter referred to as “NCSA”), as indicated in the explanatory memorandum to this act, is on the one hand an attempt to comprehensively regulate the national cybersecurity system, which is a response to the constantly growing and dynamically changing cyber threats, which may affect the security of the state, the economy and society, and on the other hand it is the implementation of the Directive (EU) 2016/1148 of the European Parliament and of the Council of the 6th of July 2016 concerning measures for a high common level of security of network and information systems across the Union (the NIS Directive). The purpose of this chapter is a brief description of the act and a synthetic presentation of the solutions it contains, which will be discussed in detail later in the monograph.
The Impact of ‘TRIPS-Plus’ Rules on the Use of TRIPS Flexibilities: Dealing with the Implementation Challenges
Authors: El Said Mohammed
Published: October 2021

Improving the health and well-being of society is a priority to many governments. One essential element within this debate focuses on the accessibility and affordability of medicines for patients. Although interest in this area has persisted for decades, the recent shift in this field is manifested by this now being treated as a global concern, rather than as a regional or a national one. Patients in both developed and developing countries alike are facing the same challenges and are under an increased pressure to access and afford treatment. The recently published UN High Level Panel for Access to Medicines Report explicitly stated its view of ‘access to medicines, vaccines, diagnostics and related health technologies as a serious, multidimensional global problem, with challenges that affect all people and all countries.…the High-Level Panel recognizes that the costs of health technologies are rising globally and are being felt by individuals and by public and private insurance schemes in both wealthy and resource-constrained countries alike’ (UN Secretary General High Level Panel, ‘The United Nations Secretary-General High-Level Panel on Access to Medicines Report: Promoting Innovation and Access to Health Technologies’, (September 2016), 12. https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s23068en/s23068en.pdf.). This thinking represents a fundamental departure from the previous approach which classified the problem related to access to medicines as one mainly attributed to developing and least developed nations. It is within this debate that the role of intellectual property protection in general and by way of the rise of TRIPS-Plus agreements and their impact on accessibility and affordability of medicines takes centre stage.
Inklusion und Digitalisierung: Rechtliche Vorgaben und Potenziale für Hochschulen
Authors: Zorn Isabel
Published: October 2021

Digitalisierungsprojekte müssen für alle Beteiligten nutzbar sein. Vorgaben der Behindertenrechtskonvention oder der Hochschulgesetze führen dazu, dass sich Hochschulen bei Digitalisierungsstrategien auch mit Inklusionsstrategien auseinandersetzen müssen. Die Hochschulrektorenkonferenz stellte hier in einer großen Umfrage Verbesserungsbedarf bei den Hochschulen fest. Der Beitrag behandelt die Rechtssituation und zeigt am Vorschlag des universellen Designs für das Lernen, wie digitale Barrieren zu reduzieren sind, damit Hochschulen alle zugangsberechtigten Talente bestmöglich mit und durch digitalisierte Angebote ausbilden können.
Schwerpunkte und Themen des Sammelbands
Authors: König Christoph , Mahrt Katharina
Published: October 2021

Das Kapitel gibt einen Überblick über die fünf thematischen Teile des Sammelbands (Hochschulbildung und Digitalisierung, Kooperationen und Netzwerke, Governance und Change Management, Kompetenzen und Curricula, Didaktik) und die darin enthaltenen Beiträge von Autor*innen aus der Community des Hochschulforums Digitalisierung. Der Band wirbt für eine ganzheitliche Perspektive und adressiert deshalb ein breites Spektrum an Themen: von allgemeineren Entwicklungslinien und Trends über kollaborative Ansätze (auf lokaler, nationaler und internationaler Ebene), Hochschulstrategien und Partizipationsmöglichkeiten bis hin zu innovativen didaktischen Formaten und Lehr-Lern-Settings zur Vermittlung von Wissen und (Zukunfts-)Kompetenzen. Im Zusammenspiel vermitteln die 33 Beiträge einen umfassenden Eindruck von den Herausforderungen und Chancen der digitalen Transformation in der Hochschulbildung. Sie erfassen dabei nicht nur den Status quo, sondern zeigen viele mögliche Schritte zur Gestaltung der Digitalisierung in Studium und Lehre auf.
Employability und Fähigkeiten für die Zukunft der Arbeit am Beispiel des Maschinenbauwesens
Authors: Stambolieva Marija
Published: October 2021

Dieser Artikel untersucht die Beziehung zwischen Arbeitsmarkt und Hochschulbildung sowie den Einfluss von Technologie auf Arbeitsplätze, Berufe und Qualifikationen, insbesondere aus der Perspektive der Humankapitaltheorien. Die Ergebnisse unserer qualitativen Untersuchung unter Arbeitgebenden aus dem Maschinen- und Anlagenbau und der Automobilindustrie zeigen, dass es eine klare Erwartungshaltung an den Wandel der Berufsprofile der Ingenieurwissenschaftler*innen und die damit verbundenen Fähigkeitsanforderungen aufgrund der Digitalisierung gibt. Damit gewinnt die Dimension der Beschäftigungsbefähigung (Employability) bei der Curriculumentwicklung an Bedeutung. Einschränkend wirken dabei die ressourcenintensive Einbeziehung der Sichtweisen der Arbeitgebenden und die uneinheitliche Operationalisierung der Qualifikations- und Kompetenzanforderungen, sowohl in unterschiedlichen Studien als auch in den Curricula. Die Orientierung am aktuellen HQR-Kompetenzmodell wäre für die Vergleichbarkeit der Arbeitsmarktchecks sinnvoll.
Mobiles Lernen, Selbststeuerung und Gamification. Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Begleitstudie zu Chancen und Grenzen einer Inverted-Classroom-Veranstaltung in der Lehrer*innenprofessionalisierung
Authors: Borukhovich-Weis Swantje , Gryl Inga , Łączkowska Ewa , Bulizek Björn
Published: October 2021

Der Ansatz des Inverted Classrooms verspricht eine gelungene Kombination aus flexiblem Selbstlernen und sozialem Lernen. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird eine um Methoden der Selbststeuerung und Gamification angereicherte, für die Lehramtsbildung entwickelte mobile Lernumgebung vorgestellt. Hierbei füllen die Studierenden in Onlinephasen eine persönliche „digitale Lehrer*innentasche“ mit Kompetenzen zur Vorbereitung auf die Präsenztermine. Die aus mehreren Elementen bestehende Begleitstudie legt offen, welche Aspekte der Lernumgebung die Studierenden als lernfördernd und welche als lernhemmend erachten.
Les développements en droit interaméricain pour l’année 2020
Authors: DUHAIME BERNARD
Published: October 2021

Au sein de l’Organisation des États américains (OÉA), la Commission interaméricaine des Droits de l’Homme (CIDH) et la Cour interaméricaine des Droits de l’Homme sont les deux principaux organes chargés de veiller à la protection des droits de la personne dans les Amériques. Ces instances sont habilitées à instruire des recours individuels intentés contre des États membres et portant sur des allégations de violations de la Convention américaine relative aux Droits de l’Homme (CADH) et d’autres instruments interaméricains applicables. La présente chronique portera sur certaines décisions rendues par la Cour pendant l’année 2020.
Stearic acid does not overcome conjugated linoleic acid trans-10, cis-12-induced milk fat depression in lactating ewes
Authors: De Aguiar Georgia C. , Horstmann Rafaella , Padilha Charline Godinho , Ribeiro Cláudio V. D. M. , De Oliveira Dimas Estrasulas
Published: October 2021

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that stearic acid (SA) supplementation increases milk fat content and overcomes the antilipogenic effects of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in lactating ewes. Twenty-eight Lacaune ewes (36 (sd 2) days in lactation; 70·5 (sd) 9·6 kg of body weight), producing 1·8 (sd 0·4) kg of milk/d, were used in a completely randomised design (seven ewes/treatment) for 21 d. The treatments were: (1) Control; (2) CLA (6·4 g/d of trans-10, cis-12 CLA); (3) SA (28 g/d of SA) and (4) SA in association with trans-10, cis-12 CLA (CLASA; 6·4 g/d of trans-10, cis-12 CLA plus 28 g/d of SA). All data were analysed using a mixed model that included the fixed effect of treatment and the random effect of ewe. SA did not alter milk fat content and yield relative to Control (91·9 v. 91·2 (sd 4·1) g/d). CLASA was not able to overcome the reduction in fat content and fat yield induced by CLA (75 v. 82 (sd 0·14) g/d). SA increased the relative abundance of CD36, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and PPAR-γ mRNA by 140, 112 and 68 % compared with CLASA. SA also reduced the relative abundance of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α promoter II and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) when compared with Control (45 and 39 %). Compared with CLA, CLASA treatment had no effect on the mRNA abundance of fatty acid synthase, lipoprotein lipase, CD36, SCD, FABP4, acylglycerolphosphate acyltransferase 6, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 and PPAR-γ. In conclusion, SA supplementation did not increase milk fat synthesis and did not overcome the CLA-induced milk fat depression when associated with trans-10, cis-12 CLA.
MAKING SENSE OF MESNE PROFITS: REMEDIES
Authors: Mitchell Charles , Rostill Luke
Published: October 2021

This is the second of two articles about cases in which awards of “mesne profits” have been made against defendants who have occupied claimants’ land. The first article argues that the facts of cases where such awards have been made variously support claims in tort, contract or unjust enrichment and that practical consequences can flow from categorising the cases in one way or another. One is that different rules affect the assessment of remedies awarded to claimants depending on the claim that was made and the remedy that was awarded. The present article develops this point by examining the assessment principles governing “mesne profits” awards, according to whether these are classified as compensatory damages in tort, restitutionary damages in tort, orders that a defendant perform a contractual duty to pay a debt, compensatory damages for breach of contract, or orders that a defendant make restitution of an unjust enrichment.
Decreased nasal nitric oxide levels: a potential marker of decreased olfactory discrimination in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Zhang L , Fang F , Yao L , Sun H , Zhan X , Lu M , Wei Y
Published: October 2021

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the association of nasal nitric oxide and olfactory function.

Method

A cross-sectional study was performed in 117 adults, including 91 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and 26 healthy controls. Scores on the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test, Lund-Mackay scale and Lund-Kennedy scale were recorded to assess severity of disease. All participants were screened for common inhaled and food allergens. Nasal nitric oxide and fractional exhaled nitric oxide testing, acoustic rhinometry and anterior rhinomanometry testing were performed to measure nasal function. The validated Sniffin’ Sticks test battery was used to assess olfactory function.

Results

Higher nasal nitric oxide was an independent protective factor for odour discrimination and odour threshold in participants with chronic rhinosinusitis after adjusting for age, gender, drinking, smoking, 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test, Lund-Mackay score, Lund-Kennedy score, immunoglobulin E and the second minimal cross-sectional area by acoustic rhinometry. Nasal nitric oxide also showed high discrimination in predicting impaired odour discrimination. In addition, nasal nitric oxide was lower in older participants, those with higher Lund-Mackay or Lund-Kennedy scores and higher with elevated total serum immunoglobulin E concentrations above a threshold of 0.35 kU/l.

Conclusion

Higher nasal nitric oxide is associated with better odour discrimination in chronic rhinosinusitis and is modulated by age, degree of allergy and severity of chronic rhinosinusitis.
The piercing–stretching suture technique for the treatment of simple oral floor ranula
Authors: Gaffuri M , Torretta S , Pignataro L , Capaccio P
Published: October 2021

Background

Oral floor ranulas are pseudocysts located in the floor of the mouth that result from the extravasation of mucus from a sublingual gland. Historically, there has been little consensus on the ideal first-line treatment. Currently, definitive treatment involves sublingual gland excision, which can injure the lingual nerve and submandibular duct. Minimally invasive surgical techniques have been proposed, but so far have been associated with a high rate of recurrence.

Methods

The so-called piercing–stretching suture technique was performed in 14 naïve adult and paediatric patients (6 females, with a mean age of 20.3 years (range, 7–55 years)). Clinical and ultrasonographic evaluations were performed in all patients; post-operative sialendoscopy was conducted in two paediatric patients.

Results

The surgical procedure was successful in all patients, and complete recovery of the ranula was seen in all but one of the patients who underwent suture replacement. No major or minor complications were encountered.

Conclusion

This minimally invasive procedure may be considered a reliable and first-line treatment for management of simple oral floor ranulas.
Complexity of Deep Low‐Frequency Earthquake Activity in Shikoku (Japan) Imaged From the Analysis of Continuous Seismic Data
Authors: Poiata Natalia , Vilotte Jean‐Pierre , Shapiro Nikolai M. , Supino Mariano , Obara Kazushige
Published: October 2021

We derive an extensive catalog of low‐frequency earthquakes (LFEs) in western and central Shikoku applying an automatic, coherency‐based detection and location method to 4‐year long continuous data from selected seismic stations. Our catalog is the first LFE catalog in this area that does not rely on a priory templates and results from a homogeneous data processing scheme. It allows investigating in detail main characteristics of LFE activity in space and time. We observe clear heterogeneity of the LFE space distribution in the along‐strike direction of the subducting Philippine Sea plate corresponding to segments with different sizes, some of which are highly productive in LFE generation. More detailed statistical and correlation‐based analysis of LFE occurrence patterns allows quantification of the along‐strike segmentation and examination of the migration and event interaction during the LFE sequences and inter‐sequence periods. The analysis indicates that a strong interaction exists among LFE sources during slow slip events, but it otherwise varies significantly among the along‐strike segments. We suggest that the observed segmentation of LFE activity is related to static heterogeneity, such as structural property variations along the subduction interface, or dynamic heterogeneity, corresponding to memory‐dependent stress variations or possible fluid transients. We also confirm that regions with the highest LFE productivity correspond to spots of tectonic tremor triggered by teleseismic earthquakes' surface waves supporting a localized fluid‐rich environment with possible fluid transients. Our results illustrate how high‐resolution LFE catalog can contribute to the characterization and quantification of slow earthquake processes through detailed statistical analysis of their activity.
Response of Northern North Atlantic and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Reduced and Enhanced Wind Stress Forcing
Authors: Lohmann K. , Putrasahan D. A. , von Storch J.‐S. , Gutjahr O. , Jungclaus J. H. , Haak H.
Published: October 2021

Surface wind stress strongly influences Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) variability on interannual time scales. On longer time scales, however, its role in AMOC variations is less clear. Here, we show a nonlinear AMOC response to globally reduced and enhanced wind stress forcing, based on sensitivity experiments with MPI‐ESM1.2. Under reduced wind stress forcing, the AMOC strength strongly decreases. In contrast, under enhanced wind stress forcing the AMOC strength increases only in the first decades and then decreases, stabilizing at a value similar to the reference simulation. To reveal possible mechanisms underlying this response, we assess the response of the northern North Atlantic circulation and climate to the changed wind stress forcing. Initially, the response is linear: reduced wind stress forcing weakens the gyre circulation and the associated heat and salt transport, leading to larger winter sea ice extent and a shutdown of subpolar deep convection. In the Nordic Seas, the fresher and lighter subsurface state leads to a decrease in the baroclinic pressure and the overflow strength. Under enhanced wind stress forcing, initially, the opposite is happening. However, eventually, subpolar surface density anomalies are determined by warmer temperature rather than increased salinity, leading to a decrease in surface density and a weakening of subpolar deep convection. The resulting AMOC weakening reduces the Atlantic inflow salinity, and subsequently the Nordic Seas baroclinic pressure and overflow strength. The quasi‐equilibrium response of the northern North Atlantic circulation and climate under enhanced wind stress forcing differs from the reference simulation, even though the AMOC strength converges.
Analysis of reconditioning and hardening methods applied for the working tools of tillage machines
Authors: Golubev Ivan
Published: October 2021

It is shown that tillage machines operate under conditions of abrasive wear, and their durability is largely determined by the operational life of the working tools. The main working tools of a plow include an earth board, cultivators – blades, harrows – teeth and discs, seeders – seed shoe. The working tools of tillage machines are mainly subject to abrasive wear. The blade of the soil cutting tools during operation loses its operability due to abrasive wear and therefore it must be reconditioned. There are various methods of reconditioning and hardening of working tools that increase their wear resistance and durability. The paper analyzes the methods of reconditioning and hardening of working tools of tillage machines. The study was based on information materials from Russian scientific and educational organizations and industrial companies, test reports of tillage machines conducted by machine testing stations, factographic and documentary databases of Rosinformagrotech. The generalization and analysis of information made it possible to establish that welding a blade-patch with subsequent welding of the wear-resistant material Castolin PE1229 allows increasing the life of an earth board during operation in southern chernozem soils by 4.6-5.0 times. The application of epoxy-sand composites increases the durability of earth boards by 2.2-2.7 times. Carbo-vibro-arc hardening of duckfoot teeth allows increasing the time between failures by 2.1 times compared to the serial one. Plasma spraying of powder materials increases wear resistance of duckfoot teeth by 1.5 times, and the application of pulse electric contact heating during hardening of earth boards reduces the intensity of their wear in loamy soils by more than 17%.
Practical application of bioelectric research of biologically active centers for the assessment of sheep wool productivity
Authors: Samusenko Liudmila , Mamaev Andrey
Published: October 2021

The intensification of sheep wool production requires development of new methods for assessing the quality of products based on the knowledge of the functional state of the body, life support mechanisms and the formation of products in the process of its synthesis. Such functional systems include a complex of superficially localized biologically active centers (SLBACs) of animals, which serve as sensory regulatory formations involved in providing compensatory adaptive reactions of the animal organism. The research was carried out on sheep of the North Caucasian breed and the North Caucasian and the Romanov cross-breeds (3/4 R x 1/4 NC). The aim of the research was to clarify the possibility of assessing the wool productivity of sheep of different breeds according to the level of the bioenergetic potential (LBP) of their superficially localized biologically active centers. The studies were carried out on sheep of the North Caucasian breed and their crossbreeds with the Romanov breed (3/4 R x 1/4 NC). The object of the research was 6- and 8-month-old ewe hoggs and adult purebred ewes of the North Caucasian breed at the age of 2 years old. It was found out that sheep of different breeds and ages have different LBP of the SLBACs, and the value of the biopotential can be used to assess the quantitative and qualitative properties of wool in the comparable units. Based on the established dependencies, a method for determining a sheep wool classing has been developed. This method eliminates the need to use complex laboratory equipment and reduces time for the wool research.
The responsiveness of spring wheat to the use of biological preparations in the gray forest soils of the Fore Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Amirov Marat , Garayev Razil , Toloknov Dmitry , Semyonov Pavel
Published: October 2021

For many years, the largest sown areas in the Republic of Tatarstan have been devoted to spring wheat. Revealing the effect of biological preparations on growth processes, plant resistance to unfavorable conditions and stresses is an important issue in the cultivation technology within the framework of biological agriculture. In studies conducted in 2018-2019 with the Ulyanovskaya 100 spring wheat variety, biological fungicides and an adaptogen were used to increase resistance to adverse conditions from the collection of the Kazan State Agrarian University. The complex use of biological fungicides in the conditions of gray forest soils made it possible to increase the yield of spring wheat by 10.6 %, and the combined use of biological fungicides and an adaptogen contributed to an increase in the yield to 15.2 %.
Study of immunogenic properties of associated inactivated vaccine against horse influenza and petanus
Authors: Ivanov V , Bezgin V , Shvets O
Published: October 2021

An associated inactivated vaccine has been developed for the specific prophylaxis of tetanus and equine influenza caused by various influenza viruses of the H3N8 serotype. The strain composition of the associated vaccine was determined considering the recommendations of the International Epizootic Bureau, as well as the virus circulating in Russia, isolated in 2007 and therefore posing a certain danger to horse breeding in the Russian Federation. The immunogenic properties of the new associated vaccine were studied in a laboratory model and horses. The results of studies of the associated vaccine FFE Kurskaya Biofabrika showed that the investigated vaccine preparation has high immunogenic activity and can cause a long-term intense immune response against influenza and tetanus in laboratory animals and horses.
Correction of energometabolic disorders atsignificant iodine deficiency in calves
Authors: Evglevskiy Alexei , Shvets Olga , Mikhaleva Tatyana
Published: October 2021

The paper is devoted to the development and use of theiodomethaboliccomplex based on iodine-iodide with polyvinyl alcohol (iodinol) and succinic acid.It was found that the inclusion of succinic acid or sodium succinate in a similar concentration in the composition of iodinol allowed not only qualitatively improving the pharmacological properties of iodinol, but also obtaining an energometabolic composition suitable for parenteral administration.The results of using the iodomethabolic compositionrevealed that with the parenteral administration to calves with clinically pronounced iodine deficiency, it provides effective normalization of pathological biochemical processes in the body of calves (metabolic effect) and pronounced activation of energy metabolism (energy effect), and in general, an energometabolic effect that ensures clinical recovery of animals from iodine deficiency.
Indicators of mineral-energy metabolism in cows of different physiological state when feeding tanamine Zn
Authors: Omelchuk Alexander , Kramareva Irina , Semenyutin Vladimir , Eremenko Victor
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the experimental results to study the effect of Tanamine Zn complex preparation on the mineral-energy metabolism of dry and newly calved highly productive (with an amount of more than 8 thousand kg) cows. During the dry period (60 days), the preparation was administered at 20.0 g/head/day. The metabolites under study were monitored at the beginning, middle and end of the dry period (60, 30, 15-10 days before calving), as well as on the 15 and 30 days after calving. 15 days before calving the use of the additive led to an increase in calcium concentrations by 27.1% (p<0.05), magnesium – by 37.7% (p<0.05), chlorine – by 12.7% (p<0.001) and cholesterol – by 13.1% (p>0.05). The effect of tanamine Zn on newly calved cows 15 and 30 days after calving led to multi-directional changes in the studied indicators: an increase in the activity of alkaline phosphotase – by 48.9% and 67.9% (p<0.05), an increase in the concentration of magnesium – by 104.6% and 50.0% (p<0.001), potassium – by 12.0% and 13.1% (p<0.05) with a decrease in cholesterol – by 45.4% (p<0.01) and 55.3% (p<0.001) respectively). Besides, on the 30th day after calving, feeding tanamine Zn led to a decrease in glucose by 38.3% (p<0.001).
Modern principles and problems of degradation of cultivated ameliorated soils
Authors: Bandurin Mikhail , Bandurina Inna , Bandurin Alexander
Published: October 2021

The paper considers modern principles and problems of degradation of cultivated ameliorated soils. The current problem of the use of the planet’s land resources is that food and fiber production are annually reduced by soil loss and degradation, primarily as a result of human activities. There are many reasons for this dangerous phenomenon, and they differ in different natural and socio-economic conditions. But the end result is always the same everywhere: either a drop in fertility or the loss of the soil itself. Currently, about 7 million hectares of arable land, i.e. the base of life for 21 million people is irrevocably annually lost in the world as a result of various processes of degradation and alienation, with the current norm of 0.3 hectares per 1 person.
The effect of herbicides on the yield structure elements and the productivity of oil flax
Authors: Bushnev Alexander S. , Orekhov Gennady I. , Podlesny Sergei P. , Mamyrko Yulia V.
Published: October 2021

The article provides the research results concerning the effect of antidicotyledonous herbicide Sekator Turbo, OD (a.i. amidosulfuron + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium + mefenpyr-diethyl) in a tank mixture with various graminicides Quickstep, FEM (a.i. clethodim + haloxyfop-P-methyl), Bagheera, EC (a.i. quizalofop-P-tefuryl), Fuzilad Forte, EC (a.i. fluazifop-P-butyl), Miura, EC (a.i. quizalofop-P-ethyl), and Zellek-super, EC (a.i. haloxyfop-P-methyl) on the yield structure elements and the productivity of lowlinolenic (Nilin) and linolenic (FLIZ) varieties of oil flax on leached chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia. We have found that the treatment of sowings with herbicides did not have a significant effect on the yield structure elements (thousand-seed weight and bulk weight of seeds). The treatment of sowings of the variety Nilin with the composition of Sekator Turbo + Bagheera or Sekator Turbo + Miura, and the variety FLIZ with Sekator Turbo + Bagheera, Sekator Turbo + Quickstep, Sekator Turbo + Fuzilad Forte, Sekator Turbo + Miura contributes to the receiving of oil flax yield at the level of the control with manual weeding. Tank mixtures of Sekator Turbo + Bagheera, Sekator Turbo + Miura decreased the oil content of seeds of the variety Nilin by 0.5 %. The application of herbicides Sekator Turbo, OD (0.1 l/ha) + Bagheera, EC (1.5 l/ha) provided the highest oil yield of the variety Nilin – 0.34 t/ha, and of the variety FLIZ – 0.54 t/ha. The composition of Sekator Turbo + Zellek-super led to a significant decrease in the productivity and oil content of seeds of the variety FLIZ – by 0.15 t/ha and 0.6 %, respectively.
Increasing the efficiency of rice production through the introduction of resource-saving technologies on the example of rice systems in Krasnodar Territory
Authors: Prihodko Igor
Published: October 2021

Rice cultivation is the most resource-intensive production in the Russian agro-industrial sector. Historically, the technology of flooded rice cultivation in thу Krasnodar Territory has remained virtually unchanged for more than 90 years. This is due not only to the biological but also to the technological features of its cultivation. In this connection, the issue of optimizing the production process of rice cultivation is becoming increasingly important every year. Global experience in rice cultivation has determined a further direction of research on optimizing rice cultivation technologies, namely the development of a resource-saving technology for drip irrigation of rice. The pioneering research done by domestic scientists to test drip irrigation of rice in Russia has proved the feasibility and effectiveness of their use. This article proposes a modern resource-saving drip irrigation project for rice, which was tested in OOO “Chernoerkovskoe” in the Slavyanskiy District of the Krasnodar Territory. The authors have proved the efficiency of the proposed rice cultivation technology, resulting in the reduction of irrigation norm, material, labour, energy and technical-technological resources in rice production and crops of rice rotation. The introduction of the new technology has improved not only the biometric indicators of rice, but also the ameliorative condition of soils. Drip irrigation technology makes it possible to cultivate rice outside the rice irrigation systems on land previously used for rain-fed agriculture, which will increase not only the potential area under rice cultivation, but also the geography of rice cultivation in Russia.
Control of Ecotoxicants Content in Feed Additives and Veterinary Pharmacological Products
Authors: Zhorov Georgiy Aleksandrovich , Zakharova Lyubov Lvovna , Dorozhkin Vasiliy Ivanovich , Denisova Elizaveta Arkadievna
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the control of ecotoxicants content in mineral and organic substances of natural and artificial origin used in the production of feed additives and pharmacological veterinary agents. In the context of the growing technogenic load on the environment, the probability of detecting increased background levels of natural and technogenic ecotoxicants in mineral and organic raw materials for the production of feed additives and veterinary products increases significantly. In this regard, more attention should be paid to the study of substances of artificial origin with a minimum content of toxic and ballast components, as well as substances that have undergone technological processing to reduce their natural level of ecotoxicants. According to modern data, amorphous silicon dioxide is an effective, safe, economically available sorbing agent and it should be considered as a promising sorption-detoxifying agent for application under the influence of xenobiotics that differ in the toxicological action mechanism on the animal organism.
Optimization of the kinematic mode of operation of the tractor-driven tillage tool
Authors: Saveliev Yuri , Kirov Yuri , Ishkin Pavel , Petrov Mikhail
Published: October 2021

A traction-driven tillage tool with low traction resistance has been developed. A decrease in the tractive resistance of the implement is achieved by transferring the main share of the power consumed by the implement to the process of loosening the soil through the tractor power take-off shaft (PTO) to the drive needle discs, which in turn create a pushing force. The efficiency of the technological process of soil cultivation depends on the kinematic mode of operation of each row of disk working bodies of the tractiondrive tillage implements. To optimize their kinematic mode of operation, a multifactorial experiment was carried out, which made it possible to establish the optimal values of such factors as the kinematic parameters of the 1st and 2nd rows of needle disks at the set operating speed of the unit.
Technological properties of cow milk with the addition in their diet of silage prepared with bio-preservative “GreenGrass 3×3”
Authors: Karamaev Sergey V. , Soboleva Natalya V. , Karamaeva Anna S. , Mironov Nikolay A.
Published: October 2021

The completeness of the provision of the body of highly productive cows with the necessary set of nutrients depends on the set of feeds included in their diet, as well as on their quality. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of silage with the biological preservative “GreenGrass 3×3” on the technological properties of milk from cows of Holstein and Ayrshire breeds. It is found that the morphological and biochemical composition of the blood in the animals of the experimental groups significantly improves approaching the optimal parameters. Feeding lactating cows with silage in feed mixture from lucerne prepared with bio-preservative increases the average daily milk yield by 20.5% in the Holstein breed and by 26.9% in the Ayrshire breed. The quality of milk is improved by the increase in the mass fat fraction by 0.10-0.13% respectively, the mass protein fraction - by 0.10-0.14%, including casein - by 0.14-0.19%. In the general structure of milk proteins, the mass fraction of casein increases, while the mass fraction of whey proteins, on the contrary, decreased by 2.0-2.2%. It is very important that the proportion of γ-caseins, which do not clot under the influence of rennet, decreased by 0.5-0.9% in the test samples. As a result, the duration of clotting by rennet decreased by 13.8-12.1% and the loss of dry matter with whey - by 1.3-2.1%, the yield of casein clot increased by 5-4% and its density increased by 0,37-0.22 g / cm2. All these aspects show the increase in the technological properties of milk in cows from the experimental groups.
Influence of putrefactive decomposition of sheep hooves on the cytomorphological composition and biochemical properties of blood
Authors: Kazakova Daria , Kolomiytsev Sergey , Suvorova Vera
Published: October 2021

We studied the effect of putrefactive decomposition of sheep hooves on the cellular composition, physical and chemical properties of blood, as well as on the biochemical composition of its serum. In the production conditions of the sheep-breeding complex, orthopedic medical examination and identification of sheep with putrefactive decay of the hooves were carried out. Subsequently, blood samples were collected from 10 sick sheep and 10 clinically healthy animals for general clinical analysis and biochemical analysis of their serum. The selected blood samples were analyzed on the haematological automatic analyser "Abacus vet 10" and the semi-automatic biochemical analyser "Stat fax 300". In the biochemical composition of blood serum, putrefactive decay of hooves increased the concentration of total protein by 7.94%, total bilirubin by 22.08%, urea by 75.18%, and reduced the concentration of glucose by 17.88% relative to clinically healthy sheep. At the same time, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and creatine kinase in the blood serum of sheep with putrefactive hoof decay exceeded similar indicators in clinically healthy sheep by 9.65%, 9.16%, 13.70%, and 19.90%, respectively. In addition, the concentration of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in the blood serum of sheep with putrefactive decay of hooves was by 15.44%, 9.64%, 3.49%, 25.35% and 9.78% less than in the blood serum of clinically healthy sheep.
Avenues for the Economic Assessment of Agricultural Lands in the Development of the Agricultural Industry
Authors: Shapovalov D.A. , Cherkashina E.V. , Komarov S.I.
Published: October 2021

The authors consider the importance of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex of Russia. The conclusion about the role of universities in this process has been made. Higher education institutions play a dual role. They train professional personnel having all required competencies and should be in line with all the latest innovative research projects that create a scientific and technical basis for the digital transformation of the national agriculture. The State University of Land Management has conducted research on digital land management, remote sensing tools used for the purposes of the real estate cadastre, land monitoring, and real estate assessment.
Food security and import substitution In the Russian Federation in the post-soviet period
Authors: Yashkova Tatyana , Kiselev Sergey , Opokin Alexey , Rodionov Mikhail
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring the food security of the Russian Federation and the issue of import substitution in the context of increasing geopolitical confrontation, the adoption of sanctions and retaliatory measures, and the deterioration of the economic situation due to the pandemic. The article examines the dynamics of the processes of ensuring the country's food security in the last three decades. The expediency of using the import substitution policy as a tool for ensuring food security is justified. Recommendations are formulated to optimize the processes of import substitution and increase the level of food security. The authors propose comprehensive measures based on current global trends in macroeconomic development and the state of food security in the Russian Federation. Special attention is paid to the expediency of carrying out large-scale work on scientific justification, strategic goal setting and planning, the development of multi-variant scenarios for the development of the situation in the field of food security under the influence of changing factors, with the involvement of a large number of experts and the use of advanced approaches and modern methods.