bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONTINUITY PRINCIPLE REALIZATION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING IN THE CONTEXT OF PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY EDUCATION REFORMATION
Authors: PALEHA O.
Published: March 2022

The paper is devoted to the study of the principle of continuity implementation between preschool and primary education in the process of a child’s foreign language communicative competence formation. The paper aims to analyze various aspects of the principle of continuity implementation in the process of foreign language learning in the preschool educational institution and primary school.

The author considers different approaches to the interpretation of the category ‘continuity.’ The paper emphasizes that continuity is considered as a pedagogical principle, general pedagogical regularity, methodological principle, or didactic principle.

The article analyzes the features of the various aspects of continuity implementation. The target aspect of continuity is realized in the definition of a common goal for children’s foreign language communicative competence formation. It is proved that the principle of continuity in the target aspect of foreign language learning is observed in preschool educational institutions and primary school as the learning process, which is aimed at forming elements of preschool children’s linguistic and speech competencies.

It has been found that the semantic aspect of continuity is reflected in common topics for communication (‘I, my family and friends,’ ‘Nature,’ ‘Holidays’) and language inventory. The importance of play activities in teaching a foreign language to children of preschool and primary school age is revealed. It is stated that the pervasive nature of play activities in the process of learning a foreign language ensures the continuity of the child’s foreign language communicative competence formation, as play is a leading activity in preschool and retains its importance along with learning activities in primary school.
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE DETECTION WITH DEMPSTER SHAFER AT TANJUNGBALAI GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Sari Sukria Novriana , Fauziah Rizky , Christy Tika
Published: March 2022

Autoimmune diseases are diseases that attack the human immune system. Autoimmunity is a disorder of the immune system due to the failure of the body's defenses to stabilize conditions so that the immune system attacks a healthy body which is considered a foreign object that must be destroyed. Helping the public in the early detection of autoimmune diseases by using an expert system that is expected to detect autoimmune diseases early in Tanjungbalai Hospital so that they can provide early information about autoimmune diseases and appropriate and informative subsequent actions to the community. In this study, an expert system was built using the web-based Dempster-Shafer method based on the value of expert trust in the symptoms felt by the patient. There were 7 types of autoimmune diseases studied: ITP, SLE, Type 1 DM, Graves Disease, RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis), Autoimmune Hepatitis, and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. This study resulted in ITP with an accuracy rate of 98%, SLE with an accuracy rate of 96%, Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 with an accuracy rate of 96%, Graves Disease with an accuracy rate of 93%, RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis) with an accuracy rate of 99%, Autoimmune Hepatitis with a 94% accuracy, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis with 99% accuracy.
Combined Preparation Cratal in Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Бабушкина А.В.
Published: March 2022

Статья содержит информацию о комбинированном препарате Кратал, созданном на основе растительного сырья – густых экстрактов пустырника и плодов боярышника – и компонента с метаболическим действием таурина. Подробно рассматриваются механизмы действия каждого компонента препарата. Представлены результаты доклинического изучения специфической фармакологической активности Кратала и данные его клинических исследований.

The article contains information on the combined preparation Cratal created on the base of vegetative raw material – motherwort herb and hawthorn fruits dense extracts and a component with metabolic action of taurine. Mechanisms of action of the preparation components are considered in detail. There are presented the results of preclinical study of specific pharmacological activity of Cratal and the data of its clinical study.
Pengembangan Lokasi Agroindustri Buah-Buahan Di Kabupaten Indramayu Jawa Barat
Authors: Juswadi Juri , Sumarna Pandu
Published: March 2022

The aim this research is to plan the location development of fruit agroindustry in Indramayu Regency. The Identification of the fruit agroindustry location is based on the cost efficiency of fruit supplies transportation as raw materials, which are produced by 31 sub-districts. In this development plan, Indramayu district is divided into four regions based on the closesness of the location and the production of mango, banana, papaya, guava, watermelon, and sapodilla. The determination of the agro-industry location is based on the center of gravity method. Research data on fruit production is taken from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Indramayu Regency. The location data of each district was obtained from google maps. The results of data analysis show that the mango agroindustry location development is located at Terusan-Sindang village in Region I, Arjasari-Patrol village  in Region II, Tanjung Kerta-Kroya village in Region III and Tambi Lor-Sliyeg village in Region IV. The development of banana argoindustry location is located in Bojangsari-Indramayu village in Region I, Bongas-Bongas village in Region II, Gantar-Gantar village in Region III and Cangkingan-Kedokanbunder village in Region IV. The Development of Papaya agroindustry location is found in Karanganyar-Indramayu village in Region I, Kertamulya-Bongas village in Region II, Kroya-Kroya village in Region III and Pilangsari-Jatibarang village in Region IV. The guava agroindustry location development is found in Karangmalang- Indramayu village in Region I, Cipaat-Bongas village in Region II, Mekarjati-Haurgeulis village in Region III and Bulak-Jatibarang village in Region IV. The development of watermelon agrioindustry location is situated in Karanganyar-Indramayu village in Region I, Jatimunggul-Terisi village in Region III and Jayalaksana- Kedokanbunder village in Region IV. The development of sapodilla agroindustry location is in Karangmalang- Indramayu village in Region I, Lempuyang-Anjatan village in Region II, Sumbon-Kroya village in Region III and Tambi Lor-Sliyeg village in Region IV.
Uribe Vélez ¿Demócrata, radical, extremista o todas las anteriores?
Authors: Gutiérrez Sanín Francisco
Published: March 2022

Este artículo pretende demostrar que la corriente política dominante en Colombia en los últimos tres lustros -el uribismo- pertenece a la extrema derecha, y exhibe rasgos a la vez democráticos, radicales y extremistas. A la vez, plantea que ha habido varios uribismos, en la medida en que la corriente ha sufrido un proceso de “estrechamiento” y descentramiento que lo ha vuelto más frágil electoralmente y más antiliberal. Pese a ello, el uribismo mantiene algunas de sus características fundacionales, que parecen ser compatibles con la democracia colombiana y al mismo tiempo favorecer posiciones extremistas. Todo esto sugiere que hay que reconsiderar la clasificación de las derechas única o principalmente sobre la base de su relación con la democracia.
Challenges and opportunities of Ageing Population
Authors: Leeson George
Published: March 2022

"The advanced demographic transition is increasingly categorizing the need to address issues that are establishing patterns of how social events will be built in the next 50, 100 years and beyond.The fact that we are about to achieve, if it has not already been achieved, a radical popu-lation recomposition is becoming more and more important: one third of the popula-tion will be transformed into elderly people. One out of every three inhabitants will be 60 years old or older..."
Súper Ciclo electoral en América Latina 2021-2024
Authors: Zovatto Daniel
Published: March 2022

Entre 2021 y 2024, todos los países de América Latina, con la excepción de Bolivia, tendrán elecciones presidenciales y legislativas. En este artículo se analizan el contexto socioeconómico y político en el que se llega a este súper ciclo electoral, así como las principales tendencias que se pueden obtener de las primeras elecciones ocurridas y su impacto en la gobernabilidad democrática regional.
EL SENDERO LOMADAS DE LA AGUADA Y SU USO MILENARIO EN LA QUEBRADA DE EL TALA, VALLE CENTRAL DE CATAMARCA
Authors: Caraffini Claudio Caraffini , Fonseca Ezequiel Fonseca , Melian Cristian Melian , Puentes Hugo Puentes
Published: March 2022

Entendemos al espacio que vincula el Sendero de Las Lomadas de La Aguada en la Quebrada de El Tala desde la geografía crítica como una expresión material de un paisaje construido a lo largo del tiempo con usos que dan cuenta de la larga historia de resignificación de este paisaje y de su importancia en la memoria de las generaciones que lo han transitado, donde un conjunto de formas producidas por acciones sociales generaron transformaciones tanto de los sujetos como del entorno. Por ello, en este artículo daremos cuenta de las diversas formas de usos que tuvo y tiene el paisaje de la Quebrada de El Tala,  tomando el  sendero de las Lomadas de la Aguada como un espacio que dio lugar a formas específicas de organización del espacio y el tiempo en el valle de Catamarca.  Este sendero fue una vía de acceso obligada entre las ocupaciones humanas conectando el valle de Catamarca, la Quebrada de El Tala y las márgenes superiores del Cordón montañoso del Ambato durante casi dos milenios, se lo asocia a numerosos sitios prehispánicos del Periodo Formativo hasta la conquista. Los españoles lo transitaron desde 1595, como vía de acceso a la sierra de Ambato. A fines del siglo XIX se lo mejora para provisionarse de materiales para construcción en la ciudad, hacia mediados del siglo XX cae en desuso como vía de comunicación y, finalmente, su reutilización en el siglo XXI cobró nuevamente importancia como espacios vividos, espacios creados, espacios transitados y sobre todo espacios culturales donde su significación en su valor histórico y cultural cobra importancia.
On the issue of obtaining platelet-rich plasma
Authors: Bazlov S. B. , Melkonian K. I. , Rusinova T. V. , Popandopulo K. I. , Marchenko N. V. , Shevchuk D. D.
Published: March 2022

Objective: To determine the optimal technological modes for the preparation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) using standard laboratory equipment.

Material and methods: Blood for the research was taken from 25 healthy volunteers. Its centrifugation was performed on a standard CM-6M laboratory centrifuge using various modes and two types of vacuum tubes with lithium heparin containing separation gel and without it. The number of platelets and leukocytes was calculated in the upper, lower and middle layers of the obtained plasma sample.

Results: Plasma samples obtained during centrifugation modes from 415 to 1660 g for 10 minutes using test tubes that do not contain separation gel are optimal in terms of the number of platelets. Plasma intake from the lower layer of the obtained sample after centrifugation is always accompanied by the inclusion of leukocytes in its composition, which can lead to undesirable tissue reactions when it is used.

Conclusion: To obtain PRP, it is possible to use standard laboratory equipment in the centrifugation mode from 415 to 1660 g for 10 minutes using test tubes that do not contain separation gel. Plasma sampling for clinical use should be carried out from the middle layer of the obtained sample.
Experience in the treatment of spinal tumors complicated by compression of the spinal cord and its roots
Authors: Kit O. I. , Zakondyrin D. E. , Grin A. A. , Rostorguev E. E. , Yundin S. V.
Published: March 2022

Objective: Improvement of the results of treatment of vertebral tumors with neural compression by means of analyzing the authors’ experience.

Material and methods: The study included 151 patients with primary and metastatic vertebral tumors, operated in the neurosurgical departments of three large medical institutions from 01.01.2014 to 31.12.2020.

Results: Most of the patients underwent palliative interventions. Radical surgery (marginal or wide resection of the tumor) was performed in 8 (5%) patients. Surgical treatment as the only method of treatment was used in 75 (50%) cases, combined treatment was used in 42 (28%) people, complex treatment – in 34 (22%). The immediate results of treatment of 91% of patients were characterized by the absence of negative dynamics in the neurological status and in 50% of cases by positive dynamics in the functional state. Among patients with malignant tumors and a traced catamnesis, the one-year survival rate was 66%, three-year – 52%, five-year – 47%. The median overall survival rate was 12.8 months, the median event-free survival rate was 12.55 months.

Conclusion: The use of non-radical interventions in the surgery of vertebral tumors with neural compression expands the possibilities of minimizing surgical trauma, while maintaining the neurological and improving the functional status of the patient.
Quantitative Analysis of Eugenol in Clove Extract and Nanoparticle Formulation by a Validated High-Performance Thin-layer Chromatographic Method
Authors: Yadav Deepika , Yadav Shiv K , Jain Gaurav , Mazumder Avijit , k Khar Roop
Published: March 2022

Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) is the aromatic compound of the essential oil with the potential to modulate neuronal excitability. Nose to brain route of drug delivery via nanoparticle formulation has emerged as an alternative route drug delivery system for treatment of epilepsy. A selective and sensitive analytical method is required for evaluation of eugenol-based novel drug delivery systems. The objective of present study is to develop and validate a high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for the quantitative analysis of eugenol as bulk, in clove extract and in developed eugenol-loaded nanoparticle formulation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on silica gel pre-coated TLC aluminium plates 60F254, using methanol:distilled water (6:4, v/v) as the mobile phase. Quantitative analysis was carried out by densitometry at a wavelength of 280 nm. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines, to analyse eugenol in clove extract and to evaluate eugenol-loaded nanoparticles. Eugenol spots were observed at Rf value 0.58 ± 0.02. The detector response was linear (r = 0.9991) between 0.5 and 5.0 ng/spot. The intra- and inter-day precisions were 1.08–2.17 and 1.95-3.86 %, respectively. The limit of detection was 50 ng/spot and the limit of quantification was 150 ng/spot. The method proved to be simple, accurate, reproducible and rugged for eugenol. Evaluation of eugenol-loaded nanoparticle formulation demonstrated drug loading of 35.0%, encapsulation efficiency of 47.0% and sustained drug release following biphasic pattern. The present method is useful for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of eugenol and eugenol-loaded nanoparticle formulation. It provides significant advantages in terms of greater specificity and rapid analysis. © 2020 iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation. All rights reserved.
Effect of nutrient management strategies on productivity in rice-pigeon pea intercropping under drought prone rainfed ecology of Eastern India
Authors: Verma BC , Mandal NP , Roy S , Prasad SM , Banerjee A
Published: March 2022

An experiment was undertaken to compare the productivity of rice- sole with rice-pigeon pea intercropping under different nutrient management (inorganic, organic and integrated nutrient management) strategies in drought prone rainfed (upland) ecology. The experimental data showed that, rice equivalent yield (REY) (2.83 and 3.22 t ha-1 under rice sole and rice -pigeon pea respectively) and yield attributing characters (grain panicle-1 (73) and test weight (24.3g) were higher under inorganic nutrient management followed by the integrated nutrient management (T4) (2.25 t ha-1, 2.64 t ha-1, 64 and 22.7 g respectively). The yield gap between the inorganic and integrated nutrient management decreased over the three years, because, in the first year integrated nutrient management could not produce enough yield and difference was more which became narrow as this treatment produced comparatively more yield afterward. REY was more in rice-pigeon-pea system (varied from 1.13 to 3.22 t ha-1) over the rice-sole (1.01 to 2.83 t ha-1) across the nutrient management strategies. Thus it is evident that, rice- pigeon pea intercropping under integrated nutrient management in upland condition would be better choice in rainfed drought prone area to enhance farm income as well as system productivity.
Istota i znaczenie Ćwiczeń duchowych św. Ignacego Loyoli dla rozwoju duchowego chrześcijanina
Authors: Królikowski SJ Wacław
Published: March 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem naukowym niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie istoty Ćwiczeń duchowych św. Ignacego Loyoli, ich realizacji w rekolekcjach ignacjańskich oraz ukazanie ich znaczenia dla życia duchowego chrześcijanina.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problemem badawczym rozpatrywanym w niniejszym artykule jest poszukiwanie odpowiedzi na pytanie: na czym polega istota Ćwiczeń duchowych i jakie jest ich znaczenie dla rozwoju życia duchowego chrześcijanina? W przeprowadzonych badaniach zastosowano metodę analizy i syntezy literatury.
 PROCES WYWODU: W pierwszej części artykułu został przybliżony bezpośredni związek pomiędzy nawróceniem Ignacego, przeżyciem przez niego wielu łask mistycznych, szczególnie w Manresie, a powstaniem książeczki Ćwiczeń duchowych. W drugiej części artykułu przedstawione zostały fragmenty świadectw rekolektantów, którzy dzięki metodzie i treści Ćwiczeń duchowych pogłębili swoje życie duchowe.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Rezultatem badań jest zarówno opis procesu nawrócenia Ignacego Loyoli mającego bezpośredni wpływ na powstanie Ćwiczeń duchowych, które stały się powszechnym narzędziem pomocnym do rozwoju duchowego wielu chrześcijan. Świadectwem tego są wypowiedzi uczestników rekolekcji ignacjańskich reprezentujących różne grupy społeczne i różne profesje, którzy przeżyli wewnętrzną przemianę dzięki Ćwiczeniom duchowym św. Ignacego Loyoli.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Świadectwa rekolektantów zarówno tych sprzed wieków, jak i dzisiejszych potwierdzają, że Ćwiczenia duchowe św. Ignacego Loyoli stanowią ważne narzędzie rozwoju duchowego. Choć powstały prawie pięć wieków temu jako owoc duchowych przeżyć ich Autora, nadal wychowują chrześcijan do coraz głębszej relacji z Bogiem.
Edukacja zdalna w czasie pandemii COVID-19 w doświadczeniach polskich uczniów i uczennic – postrzeganie możliwości uzyskania pomocy w szkol
Authors: Jaskulska Sylwia , Jankowiak Barbara , Marciniak Mateusz , Klichowski Michał
Published: March 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem badań było poznanie postrzegania możliwości uzyskania pomocy w szkole przez uczniów i uczennice w czasie pandemii COVID-19.
 PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Uczestnikami badania byli uczniowie i uczennice (N = 1955) korzystający z dziennika elektronicznego VULCAN w wieku od 9 do 20 lat, uczący się w szkołach podstawowych i szkołach średnich. Zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego. Zebrane dane poddano analizie statystycznej z wykorzystaniem statystyk opisowych, analizy częstości, testów istotności różnic (test niezależności chi-kwadrat).
PROCES WYWODU: W tekście zaprezentowano podstawy teoretyczne badań, metody, przebieg badań oraz wyniki z interpretacjami.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Uczniowie oceniają, że w sytuacji trudnej pomoc uzyskają raczej od wychowawcy klasy, ewentualnie innych nauczycieli niż od psychologa szkolnego. Co piąty uczeń nie wie, czy w szkole jest psycholog, a 5% deklaruje, że go nie ma (głównie mieszkańcy wsi i uczący się w szkołach wiejskich). Ponad jedna trzecia uczniów ocenia nisko możliwość otrzymania pomocy od psychologa w szkole. Chłopcy bardziej niż dziewczęta mają poczucie, że pomoc od wychowawcy i nauczycieli podczas pandemii zmniejszyła się. Uczniowie szkół wiejskich uważali, że możliwość uzyskania pomocy od psychologa szkolnego zmniejszyła się podczas pandemii.
 WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: W funkcjonowaniu szkół, niezależnie, czy w formie stacjonarnej czy zdalnej, należy szczególnie zadbać o dostępność pomocy psychologicznej, szczególnie w szkołach wiejskich, a także budować świadomość uczniów i uczennic, w jaki sposób i komu mogą zgłaszać swoje problemy w szkole.
Kursy typu MOOC na polskiej platformie edukacyjnej Navoica – perspektywa twórców
Authors: Bortliczek Małgorzata , Raszka Renata
Published: March 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie standardów tworzenia kursów typu MOOC na platformie edukacyjnej Navoica, a także opisanie procedury uruchamiania tych kursów w języku polskim i angielskim oraz wyeksponowanie roli profesjonalistów (m.in. uniwersytetów) w upowszechnianiu aktualnych treści naukowych w sposób odpowiadający preferencjom cyfrowych odbiorców.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Realizacja wskazanych zadań była możliwa dzięki jakościowej analizie danych zastanych, tzw. analizie treści, obejmującej dokumenty, wywiady i literaturę poświęconą wyzwaniom stawianym edukacji XXI wieku. Artykuł zawiera także charakterystykę warsztatu – platformy edukacyjnej Navoica, która służy do generowania i realizacji kursów zdalnych.
 PROCES WYWODU: Wywód obejmuje: uzasadnienie podjęcia tematu (zob. Wstęp); analizę wybranych treści opublikowanych w dokumencie Navoica. Polska platforma edukacyjna oferująca kursy typu MOOC. Wytyczne dla twórców kursów; opis wdrażania tych standardów na przykładzie dwóch kursów typu MOOC (zob. m.in. podrozdział Warsztat autora kursu typu MOOC); refleksje wynikające z doświadczeń autora kursu typu MOOC (zob. podrozdział Perspektywa autora kursu typu MOOC); a także odniesienia do kształcenia zdalnego w sytuacji globalnej pandemii (zob. Odbiorcy kursów typu MOOC, Kursy typu MOOC a realia edukacyjne w czasie globalnej pandemii – podsumowanie).
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Czas globalnej pandemii wykazał, że powszechny dostęp do kursów, szkoleń czy webinarów zwiększa szanse edukacyjne przedstawicieli różnych pokoleń. Nie istnieją ograniczenia geograficzne, wiekowe, zawodowe czy inne dla potencjalnych uczestników kursów, w tym – dla osób z niepełnosprawnościami. Natomiast dostępność kursów w globalnym języku angielskim znosi także barierę językową i komunikacyjną.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Idea tworzenia kursów typu MOOC jest warta upowszechniania, ponieważ dostęp do aktualnych treści naukowo-badawczych w sposób, który odpowiada wymaganiom i preferencjom zwłaszcza pokoleń Y i Z, jest szczególnie ważny w czasach postpandemicznych.
Międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa „Człowiek w niewoli uczuć. Przyjaźń, miłość, nienawiść w Czechach i w Polsce w średniowieczu i wczesnej epoce nowożytnej”
Authors: Januszek-Sieradzka Agnieszka
Published: March 2022

Z rocznym pandemicznym opóźnieniem, pod koniec września 2021 r. odbyła się w Raciborzu dwunasta konferencja Komisji Dziejów Czech i Stosunków Polsko-Czeskich Komitetu Nauk Historycznych przy Wydziale I Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk. Tym razem współorganizatorem i jednocześnie gospodarzem spotkania polskich i czeskich historyków było Muzeum w Raciborzu. Z ramienia Muzeum pracami organizacyjnymi kierowały Julita Ćwikła i Iwona Mogielnicka, a konferencja została objęta patronatem honorowym Prezydenta Miasta Racibórz Dariusza Polowego. Obrady odbywały się w przepięknych zabytkowych pomieszczeniach raciborskiego Muzeum, mieszczącego się od 1927 r. w murach czternastowiecznego dawnego kościoła św. Ducha, zbudowanego dla miejscowego konwentu sióstr dominikanek. Uczestnicy konferencji mieli niepowtarzalną okazję do naukowego spotkania w murach nie tylko gościnnych, ale też pełnych wspaniałych pamiątek przeszłości, wśród których szczególnie przykuwały uwagę piętnastowieczne Piękne Madonny, intrygujący fresk z pierwszej połowy XVII w. w prezbiterium, czy spektakularny, jeden z najstarszych w Polsce, piec kaflowy.
Communicating Social Capitals of Local Communities for a Sustainable Proklim in Aceh
Authors: Rosemary Rizanna , Safrina  , Roesa Nellyana
Published: March 2022

Program Kampung Iklim (Proklim) is a national mitigation and adaptation program toclimate change in Indonesia. Like other areas across the country, several districts inAceh Province are designated Climate Village Program (Proklim). However, as aninnovative government-led initiative, the program's efficacy in Aceh has not beenwell-documented. This study explores the potential challenges and opportunities ofProklim implementation in Aceh. Even though Proklim is a significant initiative foradapting to the impact of climate change, poor community involvement in theplanning and implementation stages led to the program's unsustainability. Lack ofpublic participation correlates with their limited understanding of the program'sbenefits. Moreover, people's poor understanding is influenced by how the program iscommunicated. Drawing from previous research on public participation inimplementing Proklim in three areas in Aceh Besar districts, this study analyzes theinternal and external factors identified as strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, andthreats of the climate change programs. The study argues that exploring andcommunicating the social capitals of local communities allows for more publicinvolvement and participation in developing sustainable Proklim in the area.
Low-energy ion irradiation effects on chlorine desorption in plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) for silicon nitride
Authors: Ito Tomoko , Kita Hidekazu , Karahashi Kazuhiro , Hamaguchi Satoshi
Published: March 2022

Precise control of silicon nitride (SiN) film quality is required for SiN plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) processes. In this study, we examined the interactions of SiCl4 adsorbed Si surfaces with incident ions in the desorption/nitridation half-cycle of typical SiN PEALD with nitrogen plasma irradiation. Reactions of low-energy ion beams with Cl-terminated Si surfaces were investigated with in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that N2
+ ion injection in the incident energy range of 30–100 eV formed a SiN
x
(x ≈ 1.33) layer on a Cl-terminated Si surface at room temperature. It was also confirmed that, although low-energy ion injection tends to remove Cl atoms from the surface, some Cl atoms are pushed into a deeper layer by knock-on collisions caused by incident ions. This observation indicates that the complete removal of Cl atoms from the surface by N2
+ ion irradiation only is not feasible.
An apodization method for guided-mode resonance grating with waveguide cavity
Authors: Watanabe Akari , Ozawa Keisuke , Ueda Ryohei , Inoue Junichi , Kintaka Kenji , Ura Shogo
Published: March 2022

A cavity-resonator-integrated guided-mode resonance mirror (CRIGM) consisting of a small-aperture grating coupler integrated in a waveguide cavity on a high-reflection substrate reflects an incident free-space wave with reflection-phase variation of 2π in a resonance condition. CRIGM has been investigated as a key component in surface mount packaging of VCSEL for future optical interconnects but the reflectance of a fabricated CRIGM was not sufficient. Matching of electric field distribution between an incident Gaussian beam and the reflected beam from the CRIGM is discussed for improving the reflectance. A new apodization method of grating-tooth shift is proposed for the field-distribution matching. CRIGMs with the new and a well-known fill-factor apodization methods are characterized by numerical simulation. It is predicted that the previously measured reflectance will be improved by more than 1.2 dB by introducing either of the apodization methods.
Implementasi Prinsip “Kepentingan Terbaik bagi Anak” dalam proses persidangan Anak secara elektronik pada masa pandemi di Kota Jakarta Barat
Authors:   Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Jakarta Barat, Jakarta, Pradana Yudha
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to analyze the implementation of one of the principles of child protection namely "Best interests of the child" in the virtual trial process. Research Methodology: The research method used in this research is the juridical-empirical method. The data used in this study include primary data and secondary data which are studied and analyzed systematically. The primary data in this study are observations and interviews with children in conflict with the law and other related parties, such as Judges and Probation Officers, while secondary data included laws and regulations and related literature. Result: The results shows that the implementation of the principle of the “best interests of the child: in the virtual trial process for children during the pandemic is yet not optimal due to insufficient fulfillment of children's rights during the virtual trial process. Limitation: The limitation of this research is that it only takes place in West Jakarta Jurisdiction. Contribution: This research is expected to provide benefits for law enforcement agencies to help them reach the best decision for children in conflict with the law and contributes to the development of legal studies, specifically in the criminal justice process of children.
The technique for satellite monitoring of peatlands in order to determinate their fire hazard and combustion risks
Authors: Lischenko Lyidmila , Shevchuk Ruslan , Filipovich Vladimir
Published: March 2022

Prolonged dry periods in spring and autumn, which are becoming more frequent for the Ukrainian Polissya, contribute to fires, especially in peatlands, that are dangerous for human health and ecosystems in general. Forecasting the risk of such natural and anthropogenic emergencies requires monitoring of current situations. Satellite monitoring provides an accurate information of the disaster and allows to realistically estimate the amount of damage. The article investigates the factors to be taken into account in peatlands monitoring and considers methods of processing of multispectral satellite data (Landsat, Sentinel series) in combination with traditional statistics data and field measurements. The technological diagram for making the studies is proposed. To assess the risks, the values that can be obtained simultaneously with the help of satellite data on large areas are determined: peat soil moisture, peat surface temperature, spectral indices (water, soil), evapotranspiration; the seasons of the greatest risks of fires are defined, and also risks associated with anthropogenic impact (proximity to settlements, agricultural trials, hayfields, careless handling of fire and arson). The condition of peatlands is diagnosed according to the developed criteria and assessed by four levels of fire risk - critical, high, low and insignificant. The study of spectral indices showed that with the help of the SAVI soil index in combination with the analysis of surface temperature, the burned areas and fires are accurately mapped in real-time. To predict the occurrence of fire situations, the use of two variants of the normalized differential water index (NDWI) in combination with thermal imaging is proposed. The test sites provide examples of diagnosing fires and burned areas in peatlands, as well as examples of forecasting fire hazards situations that require close attention of local authorities. Recommendations are given to prevent emergencies related to the burning of peatlands.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАРАХУВАННЯ ТА ОБЛІКУ ЗАРОБІТНОЇ ПЛАТИ ТА ПОВ`ЯЗАНИХ ІЗ НЕЮ ВИПЛАТ В УМОВАХ КАРАНТИНУ
Authors: Кудлаєва Наталія , Скрипник Світлана
Published: March 2022

Заробітна плата виступає ключовим джерелом доходів громадян, основою їх фінансової стабільності та забезпечення необхідного рівня благополуччя. Відтак, закономірно, що будь-які процеси, які впливають на оплату праці, особливо в частині її зменшення, формують потребу негайного прийняття заходів по відновленню усталених балансів. Карантин, запроваджений по всьому світу через поширення коронавірусної інфекції COVID-19 став значним ударом по економіці не лише України, а й усіх країн світу. Відтак, на законодавчому рівні започаткувався процес внесення змін у порядок оплати працівників для формування стабільного джерела фінансування їхніх життєвих потреб, а також підтримки роботодавців для захисту їх від закриття діяльності. З метою встановлення особливостей нарахування та обліку заробітної плати та пов’язаних з нею виплат в умовах карантину нами встановлено сутність та складові заробітної плати. Визначено, що на час карантину із структури заробітної плати виключаються додаткові та заохочувальні виплати. Досліджено варіанти оплати праці працівникам у разі прийняття рішення роботодавцями про продовження діяльності в умовах карантину, а саме: введення простою із оплатою 2/3 тарифної ставки працівника, переведення працівників у відпустку без збереження заробітної плати, на неповний робочий час або на віддалену (надомну) роботу. Встановлено особливості нарахування та обліку заробітної плати в кожному із описаних варіантів. Проаналізовано вплив карантинних обмежень на рівень безробіття, середню та мінімальну заробітну плату, а також середню заробітну плату в розрізі галузей економіки.
IoT Water Level Monitoring System
Authors: Murugan Stephanie Lawrencen , Siva Kumar Leela Thevi
Published: March 2022

In the era of globalization today, especially in Malaysia, the Malaysians are often busy with their career and forgot their responsibility to take care the water container or pail at their home which they used to fill water in. This research is designed to solve the problem by detect the level of water inside a container. It also give notification when the container was full. This research also designed to make easier to turn off the water tap whenever the container is filled up. Through this research, it also helps people surrounding to keep them remind about the level of water. The development of this research is using Arduino and Blynk application.
Badminton Athlete in Marketing Communication Strategy: Study of Bank Mandiri Ads on Youtube
Authors: Ainani Muhammad
Published: March 2022

This paper seeks to analyze and study further about how the marketing strategy is carried out by utilizing badminton athletes in advertisements carried out by Bank Mandiri. This is important to do as an evaluation material for marketing communication strategies carried out in the new media era, because the object of research is taken from videos on the Yotube platform. The focus of the research will be on three advertising videos on Bank Mandiri's Youtube channel which were uploaded on November 5, 2018 – February 10, 2019. The results show that the use of badminton athletes as commercial star for Bank Mandiri is a marketing communication strategy that has been carefully calculated. If referring to the concept of marketing communication strategy, namely segmentation, targeting, and positioning. It can be seen that Bank Mandiri has implemented its marketing communication strategy well and effectively. The strong position of the three athletes in forming a brand image is the reason for Bank Mandiri to use the three as commercial star. It is hoped that the strong brand image of the three athletes can influence the corporate image of Bank Mandiri so that it can imitate the image of the three who are already strong, namely young, millennial, and high achievers.
Smart Home Automation System Using IOT
Authors: Sheshalani Balasingam  , Zapiee Mohd Khuzaimi , Mohana Dharnishaa
Published: March 2022

While the cost of living is going up, there is a growing focus to involve technology to lower those prices. With this in mind the Smart Home research allows the user to build and maintain a house that is smart enough to keep energy levels down while providing more automated applications. This concept can be suitably included to make our house smarter, saver, energy efficient and automated. This research focuses on building a save, automated system by using the internet connection that will smartly control the appliances like Lights, Fan, and other electrical appliances in our home. A smart home will take advantage of its environment and allow seamless control whether the user is present or away. This paper helps in saving the cost of electricity at home as well as saving the environment using wireless connections. With a home that has this advantage, you can know that your home is performing at its best in energy performance. By implementing this system, it is possible to explore a variety of different engineering challenges, including software programming arduino IDE, Wi-Fi, nodemcu, relay module, jumper wires and DC supply power. It can be control through smartphone. With prototype model, standard updates are basically a requirements. However, based on the result, this automation system provides great insights to the challenges of software and hardware design.
SISTEM PAKAR MENDETEKSI GEJALA KERUSAKAN PADA LAPTOP BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Apriyanti Dewi , Munti Novi Yona Sidratul
Published: March 2022

Sekarang ini sudah tidak dipungkiri bahwa teknologi informasi dan komputer merupakan salah satu kebutuhan manusia yang sangat mendasar dalam membantu pekerjaan dalam bidang komputerisasi. Bagian atau komponen hardware maupun software laptop dalam jangka waktu tertentu akan mengalami perubahan fisik maupun kerusakan, yang menyebabkan laptop harus diperbaiki. Oleh karena itu, sangat dianjurkan bagi pengguna laptop untuk mengetahui cara merawat dan memperbaiki ketika laptop bermasalah, sebelum memutuskan untuk menyerahkannya ke tempat servis. Maka Diperlukan sebuah sistem berbasis web untuk membantu pengguna mengetahui gejala kerusakan pada laptop beserta solusi dan cara penanganannya. Sistem Pakar adalah sistem yang yang mampu mengambil kemampuan dan pengetahuan seorang Pakar untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah metode Certainty Factor yang dapat menggambarkan tingkat keyakinan seorang pakar terhadap masalah yang sedang dihadapi. Sistem pakar untuk mendeteksi gejala kerusakan pada laptop yang sudah diimplementasikan dapat berjalan dengan baik dan dapat mendeteksi gejala kerusakan laptop serta memberikan solusinya. Dengan sistem ini, penulis berharap dapat membantu pengguna laptop untuk mendeteksi gejala kerusakan pada perangkatnya.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN SISWA SMP TERBAIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP
Authors: Masnuryatie Masnuryatie , Triyono Gandung
Published: March 2022

Begitu banyak orang tua siswa menginginkan anak – anaknya berprestasi. Berbagai macam cara para orang tua memberikan sekolah tambahan, seperti melakukan belajar tambahan di lembaga – lembaga kursus dan melakukan belajar tambahan di rumah. Pentingnya proses perangkingan siswa berprestasi menyebabkan proses ini perlu dilakukan dengan tepat dan tepat waktu. Dalam proses penentuan siswa berprestasi di lingkungan sekolah masih beberapa maslah, yaitu: adanya kedekatan siswa, orang tua dan guru menyebabkan tidak obyektifnya dalam pemberian penilaian. Selain itu, masalah lain adalah lambannya proses perangkingan siswa berprestasi karena ada beberapa stakeholder yang terlibat. Dari permasalahan yang ada jelas diperlukan sebuah model SPK yang dapat membantu menentukan siswa berprestasi di sekolah tingkat pertama. Model SPK yang dikembangkan merupakan model untuk memberikan rekomendasi dalam penentuan siswa terbiak. Dari hasil pengujian dengan TAM, model SPK yang dikembangkan dengan metode AHP sangat sesuai dengan kebutuhan user.
SPECTRUM OF POST LAMINECTOMY SYNDROME AND ITS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ali Asman , Deka Nayan Jeet
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Post laminectomy syndrome is becoming an increasingly common challenge for clinicians who deal with spinal disorders owing to
the expanding indications for spinal surgery and the aging world population. A multidisciplinary approach is most appropriate for patients who are
unlikely to benet from further formal surgical intervention. Surgical intervention is the last resort for post laminectomy syndrome. However
patients with visible cause for low back pain can benet from surgery.
Material And Method: It is a prospective study that was conducted in our institute for 2 years. Patients coming to our institute with lowback pain
(LBP) or LBP along with radiculopathy who underwent lumbar spine surgery for the same cause were included. All patients were evaluated with
Gadolinium enhanced MRI to look for epidural brosis, brosis around nerve roots, extruded disc, infections.
Results: Total of 48 patients were included in the study. 29 patients were managed conservatively and 19 patients were operated. 89.5% of the
operated patients had a favourable outcome post operatively and 82% had a favourable outcome in the conservative group. 5 patients had postoperative complication in the form CSF leak and infection.
Conclusion: Post laminectomy syndrome management has been always a multimodality treatment. Patients with epidural and nerve root brosis
are always poor candidates and surgery should be avoided in such cases. Psychiatric counselling and physiotherapy are also invaluable in
conservatively managed groups
Potential and Limitations of Battery-Powered All-Electric Regional Flights -- A Norwegian Case Study
Authors: Bærheim Trym , J. Lamb Jacob , Nøland Jonas Kristiansen , Burheim Odne S.
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to shed light on the possibility of first-generation electric aviation in Norway by looking at both the potential and the limitations of today’s technology while emphasizing Norway’s geographical opportunities and unique regional network as a pioneer in this field. Operating a flight distance up to 400 km would cover around 77 % of all domestic flights in Norway. In this work, the key factors influencing the scalability of electric flight are investigated and critically discussed, including battery technologies, propulsion systems, aircraft designs, and important aspects of the flight profile. A case study is presented based on five different flight distances in Norway (from 77 km to 392 km) and two different aircraft bodies. Our proposed framework is used to make detailed-level calculations for the required power, energy, and battery state of charge. The results show that slight energy density improvements in the battery technology would facilitate the implementation of electric aircraft, rendering the possibility of retrofitting already existing planes. However, other alternatives, such as novel aircraft design and adjusted mission profiles, are also viable options for complying with weight and power capability requirements to scale up all-electric aircraft for distances up to 400 km.
Quality of Experience in Internet of Things: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Sanyour Rawan , Abdullah Manal , Abdullah Salha
Published: March 2022

Quality of Experience in Internet of Things: A Systematic Literature Review
A generalised optimal design methodology for distributed energy systems
Authors: Schmeling Lucas , Schönfeldt Patrik , Klement Peter , Vorspel Lena , Hanke Benedikt , Maydell Karsten von , Agert Carsten
Published: March 2022

The optimal combination of energy conversion and storage technologies with local energy demand is a key but in its result not obvious challenge of distributed energy. Although a variety of possible approaches to the optimal design of limited technology selections can be found in the literature, the previous design step, the actual technology selection, and the subsequent step, the selection of the optimal operating strategy, are often neglected. We develop and demonstrate a methodology, which can optimise energy systems with arbitrary technology selection and under multi-criteria optimality definitions. The energy system modelled in oemof.solph is optimised using a MOEA/D approach with regard to economic, ecological and technical key performance indicators. The aim is to find trends and tendencies with a methodology that is as generalised as possible in order to integrate it into the decision-making process in energy system planning. We demonstrate the method by means of a German district for which an integrated supply concept is being sought. Different evaluation and visualisation possibilities are presented and the chances and limitations of the developed methodology are identified. We show that not only the choice of technology, but especially its sizing and operational strategy have a decisive influence on the optimality.
Pola Menyusui Ibu Postpartum di Praktek Mandiri Bidan
Authors: Nurita Suci Rahmani
Published: March 2022

Infant morbidity rate is the second indicator in determining the health status of children because it reflects the baby's weak immune system. This is influenced by nutritional factors, socio-economic factors and demographics. Breastfeeding is related to the fulfillment of infant nutrition. Almost all infants in Indonesia (96%) have received breast milk, but infant mortality and morbidity rates are still high. It is still found in the fact that there is a tendency for postpartum mothers to discard some of the colostrum (8.9%) and throw away all of the colostrum (5.9%). There is still a dominant practice of breastfeeding (5.1%) and partial breastfeeding (55.1%) according to the situation and analysis of exclusive breastfeeding by the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2014. This descriptive study aims to determine the pattern of breastfeeding in postpartum mothers and related factors. The population of this study were postpartum mothers (0-40 days) who had a newborn at PMB Yustati Ambarita and PMB Muzilatulnisma. The sample in this study were postpartum mothers (0-40 days) who had 27 newborns. Samples were taken by accidental sampling technique. This research was conducted from October 2020 to August 2021 at PMB Yustati Ambarita and PMB Muzilatulnisma. The results were analyzed univariately. The results showed that most of the respondents had good knowledge (74.07%), positive attitude (51.9%), high husband support (63%), high support from health workers (77.8%) and exposure to breastfeeding promotion (81.5%). A total of 96.3% of respondents had a pattern of exclusive breastfeeding for 40 days postpartum. It is hoped that the PMB will improve health education programs, especially in the lactation preparation program from the third trimester of pregnancy. It is hoped that mothers can increase their knowledge about breastfeeding preparation from trusted sources of information
Connect the Dots: Patents and Interdisciplinarity
Authors: Shur-Ofry Michal
Published: March 2022

This Article unravels a troubling paradox in the ecosystem of innovation. Interdisciplinarity is widely recognized as a source of valuable innovation and a trigger for technological breakthroughs. Yet, patent law, a principal legal tool for promoting innovation, fails to acknowledge it in an explicit, consistent manner. Moreover, although the scientific understanding of the significance of interdisciplinarity for innovation increasingly relies on big data analyses of patent databases, patent law practically ignores patent data as a source of information about interdisciplinary innovation. This Article argues that patent law should connect the dots—explicitly recognize interdisciplinarity as a positive indication when deciding whether an invention deserves patent protection and use information derived from patent databases to evaluate the interdisciplinarity of inventions. Relying on cutting edge research in economics and network-science, this Article explores nuanced manners for implementing these proposals, calling, ultimately, for the development of an algorithmic “recombination metric” that would allow courts and patent offices to identify interdisciplinary inventions in an accessible, standardized manner.

The adoption of this Article’s proposals would align patent doctrine with its ultimate goal of promoting high-risk, socially valuable, innovation; inject an objective and measurable criterion into various patent doctrines famously criticized for their ambiguity and unpredictability; and allow patent law to realize some of the enormous potential of patent data—a treasure that current patent doctrine leaves untapped.