bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Stenting in Tetralogy of Fallot Infants With Risk Factors for Early Primary Repair
Authors: Sandoval Juan Pablo , Chaturvedi Rajiv R. , Benson Lee , Morgan Gareth , Van Arsdell Glen , Honjo Osami , Caldarone Christopher , Lee Kyong-Jin
Published: December 2016

Background—

Tetralogy of Fallot with cyanosis requiring surgical repair in early infancy reflects poor anatomy and is associated with more clinical instability and longer hospitalization than those who can be electively repaired later. We bridged symptomatic infants with risk factors for early primary repair by right ventricular outflow tract stenting (stent).

Methods and Results—

Four groups of tetralogy of Fallot with confluent central pulmonary arteries were studied: stent group (n=42), primary repair (aged <3 months) with pulmonary stenosis (early-PS group; n=44), primary repair (aged <3 months) with pulmonary atresia (early-PA group; n=49), and primary repair between 3 and 11 months of age (surg>3mo group; n=45). Stent patients had the smallest pulmonary arteries with a median (95% credible intervals) Nakata index (mm
2
/m
2
) of 79 (66–85) compared with the early-PA 139 (129–154), early-PS 136 (121–153), and surg>3mo 167 (153–200) groups. Only stent infants required unifocalization of aortopulmonary collaterals (17%). Stent and early-PA infants had younger age and lower weight than early-PS infants. Stent infants had the most multiple comorbidities. Stenting allowed deferral of complete surgical repair to an age (6 months), weight (6.3 [5.8–7.0] kg), and Nakata index (147 [132–165]) similar to the low-risk surg>3mo group. The 3 early treatment groups had similar intensive care unit/hospital stays and high reintervention rates in the first 12 months after repair, compared with the surg>3mo group.

Conclusions—

Right ventricular outflow tract stenting of symptomatic tetralogy of Fallot with poor anatomy (small pulmonary arteries) and adverse factors (multiple comorbidities, low weight) relieves cyanosis and defers surgical repair. This allowed pulmonary arterial and somatic growth with clinical results comparable to early surgical repair in more favorable patients.
Impact of Computed Tomography Perfusion Imaging on the Response to Tenecteplase in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Bivard Andrew , Huang Xuya , McElduff Patrick , Levi Christopher R. , Campbell Bruce C.V. , Cheripelli Bharath Kumar , Kalladka Dheeraj , Moreton Fiona Catherine , Ford Ian , Bladin Christopher F. , Davis Stephen M. , Donnan Geoffrey A. , Muir Keith W. , Parsons Mark W.
Published: December 2016

Background:

We pooled 2 clinical trials of tenecteplase compared with alteplase for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, 1 that demonstrated superiority of tenecteplase and the other that showed no difference between the treatments in patient clinical outcomes. We tested the hypotheses that reperfusion therapy with tenecteplase would be superior to alteplase in improving functional outcomes in the group of patients with target mismatch as identified with advanced imaging.

Methods:

We investigated whether tenecteplase-treated patients had a different 24-hour reduction in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and a favorable odds ratio of a modified Rankin scale score of 0 to 1 versus 2 to 6 compared with alteplase-treated patients using linear regression to generate odds ratios. Imaging outcomes included rates of vessel recanalization and infarct growth at 24 hours and occurrence of large parenchymal hematoma. Baseline computed tomography perfusion was analyzed to assess whether patients met the target mismatch criteria (absolute mismatch volume >15 mL, mismatch ratio >1.8, baseline ischemic core <70 mL, and volume of severely hypoperfused tissue <100 mL). Patients meeting target mismatch criteria were analyzed as a subgroup to identify whether they had different treatment responses from the pooled group.

Results:

Of 146 pooled patients, 71 received alteplase and 75 received tenecteplase. Tenecteplase-treated patients had greater early clinical improvement (median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score change: tenecteplase, 7; alteplase, 2;
P
=0.018) and less parenchymal hematoma (2 of 75 versus 10 of 71;
P
=0.02). The pooled group did not show improved patient outcomes when treated with tenecteplase (modified Rankin scale score 0–1: odds ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.89–3.51;
P
=0.102) compared with alteplase therapy. However, in patients with target mismatch (33 tenecteplase, 35 alteplase), treatment with tenecteplase was associated with greater early clinical improvement (median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score change: tenecteplase, 6; alteplase, 1;
P
<0.001) and better late independent recovery (modified Rankin scale score 0–1: odds ratio, 2.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–5.94;
P
=0.032) than those treated with alteplase.

Conclusions:

Tenecteplase may offer an improved efficacy and safety profile compared with alteplase, benefits possibly exaggerated in patients with baseline computed tomography perfusion–defined target mismatch.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01472926. URL:
https://www.anzctr.org.au
. Unique identifier: ACTRN12608000466347.
Timing of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: George Benjamin P. , Kelly Adam G. , Albert George P. , Hwang David Y. , Holloway Robert G.
Published: December 2016

Background and Purpose—

Stroke guidelines recommend time-limited trials of nasogastric feeding prior to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement. We sought to describe timing of PEG placement and identify factors associated with early PEG for acute ischemic stroke.

Methods—

We designed a retrospective observational study to examine time to PEG for ischemic stroke admissions in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2001 to 2011. We defined early PEG placement as 1 to 7 days from admission. Using multivariable regression analysis, we identified the effects of patient and hospital characteristics on PEG timing.

Results—

We identified 34 623 admissions receiving a PEG from 2001 to 2011, 53% of which received the PEG 1 to 7 days from admission. Among hospitals placing ≥10 PEG tubes, median time to PEG for individual hospitals ranged from 3 days to over 3 weeks (interquartile range 6–8.5 days). Older adult age groups were associated with early PEG (≥85 years versus 18–54 years: adjusted odds ratio 1.68, 95% confidence interval 1.50–1.87). Those receiving a PEG and tracheostomy were more likely to receive the PEG beyond 7 days, and these patients were more often younger compared with PEG only recipients. Those admitted to high-volume hospitals were more likely to receive their PEG early (≥350 versus <150 hospitalizations; adjusted odds ratio 1.26, 95% confidence interval 1.17–1.35).

Conclusions—

More than half of the PEG recipients received their surgical feeding tube within 7 days of admission. The oldest old, who may benefit most from time-limited trials of nasogastric feeding for ≥2 to 3 weeks, were most likely to receive a PEG within 7 days.
A Statistical, Grammar-Based Approach to Microplanning
Authors: Gardent Claire , Perez-Beltrachini Laura
Published: December 2016

Although there has been much work in recent years on data-driven natural language generation, little attention has been paid to the fine-grained interactions that arise during microplanning between aggregation, surface realization, and sentence segmentation. In this article, we propose a hybrid symbolic/statistical approach to jointly model the constraints regulating these interactions. Our approach integrates a small handwritten grammar, a statistical hypertagger, and a surface realization algorithm. It is applied to the verbalization of knowledge base queries and tested on 13 knowledge bases to demonstrate domain independence. We evaluate our approach in several ways. A quantitative analysis shows that the hybrid approach outperforms a purely symbolic approach in terms of both speed and coverage. Results from a human study indicate that users find the output of this hybrid statistic/symbolic system more fluent than both a template-based and a purely symbolic grammar-based approach. Finally, we illustrate by means of examples that our approach can account for various factors impacting aggregation, sentence segmentation, and surface realization.
A Game-Theoretic Approach to Word Sense Disambiguation
Authors: Tripodi Rocco , Pelillo Marcello
Published: December 2016

This article presents a new model for word sense disambiguation formulated in terms of evolutionary game theory, where each word to be disambiguated is represented as a node on a graph whose edges represent word relations and senses are represented as classes. The words simultaneously update their class membership preferences according to the senses that neighboring words are likely to choose. We use distributional information to weigh the influence that each word has on the decisions of the others and semantic similarity information to measure the strength of compatibility among the choices. With this information we can formulate the word sense disambiguation problem as a constraint satisfaction problem and solve it using tools derived from game theory, maintaining the textual coherence. The model is based on two ideas: Similar words should be assigned to similar classes and the meaning of a word does not depend on all the words in a text but just on some of them. The article provides an in-depth motivation of the idea of modeling the word sense disambiguation problem in terms of game theory, which is illustrated by an example. The conclusion presents an extensive analysis on the combination of similarity measures to use in the framework and a comparison with state-of-the-art systems. The results show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms and can be applied to different tasks and in different scenarios.
Behaviour of migrating toads under artificial lights differs from other phases of their life cycle
Authors: van Grunsven Roy H.A. , Creemers Raymond , Joosten Kris , Donners Maurice , Veenendaal Elmar M.
Published: December 2016

During annual spring migration in Western Europe many amphibians are killed by traffic when they cross roads moving to reproduction sites. Especially in urban settings these roads are often equipped with street lighting. The response of amphibians to this light during migration is however poorly known. Street lighting may attract migrating amphibians increasing the risk of being struck by traffic. Using experimental illumination we tested whether light affected the migration and if adjustment of the spectral composition could mitigate effects. Barriers used to catch toads and help them cross roads safely were divided in 25 meter long sections and these were illuminated with white, green or red light or kept dark. The number of toads caught in each section was counted. Common toads avoided sections of roads that were illuminated with white or green light but not red light. Street light thus affects migrating toads but not as expected and red light with low levels of short wavelength can be used to mitigate effects.
L’EMPLOI DES DESIGNATIFS PRONOMINAUX DANS LES TEXTES SCIENTIFIQUES ET TECHNIQUES JAPONAIS : L’ANAPHORE(●)
Authors:   Jalansci
Published: December 2016

The pronominal designatives (shisugo) kore, sore and their related forms are compared in 60 scientific and technical texts. Differences in use appear in case of close argumentation. Sore is the marked term of the couple. It is used as a starting point (as a term of comparison, or in definitions) with logical value. The anaphoric role of the pronominal designatives is discussed in relation with the concept of interpretant. The proposed explanation also accounts for the emergence of sorera as definite anaphoric, and korera as determinant.
Hotspots of mite new species discovery: Trombidiformes (2013–2015)
Authors: LIU JIAN-FENG , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: December 2016

This paper reveals the hotspots of new mite discovery through of a survey of type localities of new Trombidiformes species described in two journals (Systematic & Applied Acarology and Zootaxa) during the last three years (2013–2015). Taxonomically, the 491 new species of the Trombidiformes are highly unevenly distributed among 55 families with top 10 families accounting for over 66% of the total. The Eriophyidae is the top-ranked family. Geographically, these 491 new species are from 55 countries around the world and their distribution among the countries is highly uneven. The majority of these new species (69%) are from the top 10 countries and six of the top ten countries are also megadiversity countries. The top three countries are all from Asia (Iran, China and Malaysia) and they together accounted for over one third of all new species of the Trombidiformes described in the two journals during 2013–2015.
Taxonomic study of the genus Atkinsonia Stainton, 1859 (Lepidoptera, Stathmopodidae) in China, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: WANG SHUXIA , GUAN WEI , SINEV SERGEY YU.
Published: December 2016

The genus Atkinsonia Stainton, 1859 is reviewed in China. Eight species are recognized, including two new species: A. brevisaccula sp. nov. and A. parignipicta sp. nov.; A. clerodendronella Stainton, 1859 is newly recorded for China; two new combinations and one new synonymy are proposed: A. butalistis (Strand, 1917) comb. nov. from Oedematopoda, A. furcata (Wang, 2008) comb. nov. from Oedematopoda, and Oedematopoda jiyuanica Wang, 2008 syn. nov. of A. swetlanae Sinev, 1988. Photographs of adults and illustrations of genitalia are provided, along with a key to identifying the described Chinese species and a map to show their collecting localities.
A new species of Dicrotendipes (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Florida
Authors: EPLER J.H.
Published: December 2016

A new species of Dicrotendipes is described in all life stages from Florida. Adults of this new species are nearly identical to D. modestus (Say); pupae are similar to D. modestus, D. neomodestus (Malloch) and D. tritomus (Kieffer); while the larvae are unique and were keyed by Epler (1992, 1995, 2001) as Dicrotendipes sp. A. The taxonomic status of D. modestus and D. pulsus (Walker) is discussed.
A new species of Anacroneuria Klapálek 1909 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Espírito Santo State, southeastern Brazil and comments on additional species
Authors: NOVAES MARCOS CARNEIRO , BISPO PITÁGORAS DA CONCEIÇÃO , GONÇALVES MAÍSA DE CARVALHO
Published: December 2016

Specimens of Perlidae (Plecoptera) from Espírito Santo State in southeastern Brazil were studied. A new species, Anacroneuria ruschii n. sp. is described. Brief remarks on A. debilis (Pictet) and Kempnyia neotropica (Jacobson & Bianchi) are also presented.
ERRATUM: Formal description of Protosticta nigra spec. nov. from Vietnam
Authors: KOMPIER TOM
Published: December 2016

Regrettably I neglected to indicate the type series for one of the new species described in Kompier (2016). Fixation of a holotype, or syntypes, is compulsory for names published after 1999 (ICZN 1999, Article 16.4.1). I am doing so here as a necessary element to validate the species description. The published paper contains a diagnosis and illustrations for the species. The diagnosis is repeated here for formal reasons. The name Protosticta nigra is thus only available from the present publication.      I thank Jan van Tol and Dennis Paulson for their assistance.
Measurements of Ice Nucleating Particles and Ice Residuals
Authors: Cziczo Daniel J. , Ladino Luis , Boose Yvonne , Kanji Zamin A. , Kupiszewski Piotr , Lance Sara , Mertes Stephan , Wex Heike
Published: December 2016

It has been known that aerosol particles act as nuclei for ice formation for over a century and a half (see Dufour). Initial attempts to understand the nature of these ice nucleating particles were optical and electron microscope inspection of inclusions at the center of a crystal (see Isono; Kumai). Only within the last few decades has instrumentation to extract ice crystals from clouds and analyze the residual material after sublimation of condensed-phase water been available (see Cziczo and Froyd). Techniques to ascertain the ice nucleating potential of atmospheric aerosols have only been in place for a similar amount of time (see DeMott et al.). In this chapter the history of measurements of ice nucleating particles, both in the field and complementary studies in the laboratory, are reviewed. Remaining uncertainties and artifacts associated with measurements are described and suggestions for future areas of improvement are made.
Kernel Analog Forecasting of Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillations
Authors: Alexander Romeo , Zhao Zhizhen , Székely Eniko , Giannakis Dimitrios
Published: December 2016

This paper presents the results of forecasting the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) through the use of satellite-obtained global brightness temperature data with a recently developed nonparametric empirical method. This new method, referred to as kernel analog forecasting, adopts specific indices extracted using the technique of nonlinear Laplacian spectral analysis as baseline definitions of the intraseasonal oscillations of interest, which are then extended into forecasts through an iterated weighted averaging scheme that exploits the predictability inherent to those indices. The pattern correlation of the forecasts produced in this manner remains above 0.6 for 50 days for both the MJO and BSISO when 23 yr of training data are used and 37 days for the MJO when 9 yr of data are used.
Why Has the Relationship between Indian and Pacific Ocean Decadal Variability Changed in Recent Decades?
Authors: Dong Lu , McPhaden Michael J.
Published: December 2016

Both the Indian and Pacific Oceans exhibit prominent decadal time scale variations in sea surface temperature (SST), linked dynamically via atmospheric and oceanic processes. However, the relationship between SST in these two basins underwent a dramatic transformation beginning around 1985. Prior to that, SST variations associated with the Indian Ocean basin mode (IOB) and the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO) were positively correlated, whereas afterward they were much less clearly synchronized. Evidence is presented from both observations and coupled state-of-the-art climate models that enhanced external forcing, particularly from increased anthropogenic greenhouse gases, was the principal cause of this changed relationship. Using coupled climate model experiments, it is shown that without external forcing, the evolution of the IOB would be strongly forced by variations in the IPO. However, with strong external forcing, the dynamical linkage between the IOB and the IPO weakens so that the negative phase IPO after 2000 is unable to force a negative phase IOB-induced cooling of the Indian Ocean. This changed relationship in the IOB and IPO led to unique SST patterns in the Indo-Pacific region after 2000, which favored exceptionally strong easterly trade winds over the tropical Pacific Ocean and a pronounced global warming hiatus in the first decade of the twenty-first century.
Proletarianization of English Language Teaching: Iranian EFL teachers and their alternative role as transformative intellectuals
Authors: Safari Parvin
Published: December 2016

In the field of English Language Teaching (ELT), attention has been shifted toward the alternative role of teachers as transformative intellectuals whereby transformation in teaching occurs from control and technical operations to criticism and intellectual reflection. This role enables teachers to focus on marginalized students’ lived experiences and worlds to transform them into active and critical citizens who are emancipated to develop their voices and question the status quo. Through critically examining the learning milieu that maintains injustice and inequality, students struggle to connect it to sociopolitical conditions in wider society, and eventually transform it to meet the desired ideologies and thinking. This paper attempts to scrutinize teachers’ role as transformative intellectuals and their challenges through the transformation process. Thus, the researcher used purposive sampling to select 26 teachers in four private language institutes of Tehran, Shiraz, and Yazd, Iran to adopt the role of transformative intellectuals based on theoretical principles and concepts of critical pedagogy. Semi-structured interview and an online focus group were used to collect data. Data analysis disclosed transformations and benefits as well as the challenges resulting from teachers becoming transformative intellectuals. The fruitful findings of this study are insightful, since this study is an example to show how language teachers can create transformation in the EFL context, change their fossilized role, and empower oppressed students within the institutionalized and oppressive system of schooling.
Educating for autonomy: Reading Rousseau and Freire toward a philosophy of unschooling
Authors: Petrovic John E , Rolstad Kellie
Published: December 2016

In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the unschooling movement, highlighting the important philosophical differences, among other differences, between unschooling and homeschooling. They then argue that to the extent that traditional schooling is a project of massification—increasingly dominated by a neoliberal ethos in our contemporary times—as opposed to emancipation, unschooling should be seen as its antithesis, providing an option for parents seeking a truly democratic education. Building on the basic presumption of the importance of autonomy, the authors contend that unschooling provides important insights to democratic education. A model that radicalizes Rousseau through Freire is presented. Specifically, the authors note Rousseau’s injunction to choose between making a person or making a citizen, and then consider Rousseau’s notion of the general will in combination with Freire’s lesson that citizens must engage with the collective in critically transitive ways. Rousseau and Freire can be read together to present a philosophy of unschooling in schools necessary to education for democracy to overcome the massifying, neoliberal impulse of our time.
Mutational analysis of disease relapse in patients allografted for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Quek Lynn , Ferguson Paul , Metzner Marlen , Ahmed Ikhlaaq , Kennedy Alison , Garnett Catherine , Jeffries Sally , Walter Claudia , Piechocki Kim , Timbs Adele , Danby Robert , Raghavan Manoj , Peniket Andrew , Griffiths Mike , Bacon Andrew , Ward Janice , Wheatley Keith , Vyas Paresh , Craddock Charles
Published: December 2016

Key Points

We identify genes prognostic of disease relapse in patients allografted for AML. Mutational profiles often change at relapse postallograft, which may have implications for the design of posttransplant interventions.
Defects in CD4+ T cell LFA-1 integrin-dependent adhesion and proliferation protect Cd47−/− mice from EAE
Authors: Azcutia Veronica , Bassil Ribal , Herter Jan M , Engelbertsen Daniel , Newton Gail , Autio Anu , Mayadas Tanya , Lichtman Andrew H , Khoury Samia J , Parkos Charles A , Elyaman Wassim , Luscinskas Francis W
Published: December 2016

CD47 is known to play an important role in CD4+ T cell homeostasis. We recently reported a reduction in mice deficient in the Cd47 gene (Cd47−/−) CD4+ T cell adhesion and transendothelial migration (TEM) in vivo and in vitro as a result of impaired expression of high-affinity forms of LFA-1 and VLA-4 integrins. A prior study concluded that Cd47−/− mice were resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a result of complete failure in CD4+ T cell activation after myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide 35–55 aa (MOG35–55) immunization. As the prior EAE study was published before our report, authors could not have accounted for defects in T cell integrin function as a mechanism to protect Cd47−/− in EAE. Thus, we hypothesized that failure of T cell activation involved defects in LFA-1 and VLA-4 integrins. We confirmed that Cd47−/− mice were resistant to MOG35–55-induced EAE. Our data, however, supported a different mechanism that was not a result of failure of CD4+ T cell activation. Instead, we found that CD4+ T cells in MOG35–55-immunized Cd47−/− mice were activated, but clonal expansion contracted within 72 h after immunization. We used TCR crosslinking and mitogen activation in vitro to investigate the underlying mechanism. We found that naïve Cd47−/− CD4+ T cells exhibited a premature block in proliferation and survival because of impaired activation of LFA-1, despite effective TCR-induced activation. These results identify CD47 as an important regulator of LFA-1 and VLA-4 integrin-adhesive functions in T cell proliferation, as well as recruitment, and clarify the roles played by CD47 in MOG35–55-induced EAE.
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) regulates host defense and protects mice against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection
Authors: Hsia Hung-Ching , Stopford Charles M , Zhang Zhigang , Damania Blossom , Baldwin Albert S
Published: December 2016

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mediates cellular responses to multiple cytokines, governs gene expression, and regulates the development and activation of immune cells. STAT3 also modulates reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) in ganglia. However, it is unclear how STAT3 regulates the innate immune response during the early phase of HSV-1 lytic infection. Many cell types critical for the innate immunity are derived from the myeloid lineage. Therefore, in this study, we used myeloid-specific Stat3 knockout mice to investigate the role of STAT3 in the innate immune response against HSV-1. Our results demonstrate that Stat3 knockout bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) expressed decreased levels of interferon-α (IFN-α) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) upon HSV-1 infection. In vivo, knockout mice were more susceptible to HSV-1, as marked by higher viral loads and more significant weight loss. Splenic expression of IFN-α and ISGs was reduced in the absence of STAT3, indicating that STAT3 is required for optimal type I interferon response to HSV-1. Expression of TNF-α and IL-12, cytokines that have been shown to limit HSV-1 replication and pathogenesis, was also significantly lower in knockout mice. Interestingly, Stat3 knockout mice failed to expand the CD8+ conventional DC (cDC) population upon HSV-1 infection, and this was accompanied by impaired NK and CD8 T cell activation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that myeloid-specific Stat3 deletion causes defects in multiple aspects of the immune system and that STAT3 has a protective role at the early stage of systemic HSV-1 infection.
Interhemispheric functional disconnection because of abnormal corpus callosum integrity in bipolar disorder type II
Authors: Yasuno Fumihiko , Kudo Takashi , Matsuoka Kiwamu , Yamamoto Akihide , Takahashi Masato , Nakagawara Jyoji , Nagatsuka Kazuyuki , Iida Hidehiro , Kishimoto Toshifumi
Published: December 2016

Background

A significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) value has been shown in anterior parts of the corpus callosum in patients with bipolar disorder.

Aims

We investigated the association between abnormal corpus callosum integrity and interhemispheric functional connectivity (IFC) in patients with bipolar disorder.

Methods

We examined the association between FA values in the corpus callosum (CC-FA) and the IFC between homotopic regions in the anterior cortical structures of bipolar disorder (n=16) and major depressive disorder (n=22) patients with depressed or euthymic states.

Results

We found a positive correlation between the CC-FA and IFC values between homotopic regions of the ventral prefrontal cortex and insula cortex, and significantly lower IFC between these regions in bipolar disorder patients.

Conclusions

The abnormal corpus callosum integrity in bipolar disorder patients is relevant to the IFC between homotopic regions, possibly disturbing the exchange of emotional information between the cerebral hemispheres resulting in emotional dysregulation.
Effectiveness of antipsychotics used in first-episode psychosis: a naturalistic cohort study
Authors: Whale Richard , Harris Michael , Kavanagh Gail , Wickramasinghe Vijitha , Jones Christopher I. , Marwaha Steven , Jethwa Ketan , Ayadurai Nirmalan , Thompson Andrew
Published: December 2016

Background

One year of antipsychotic treatment from symptom remission is recommended following a first episode of psychosis (FEP).

Aims

To investigate the effectiveness of commonly used antipsychotic medications in FEP.

Method

A retrospective cohort study of naturalistic treatment of patients (N = 460) accepted by FEP services across seven UK sites. Treatment initiation to all-cause discontinuation determined from case files.

Results

Risk of treatment discontinuation is greatest within 3 months of treatment initiation. Risperidone had longest median survival time. No significant differences were observed in time to discontinuation between commonly used antipsychotics on multivariable Cox regression analysis. Poor adherence and efficacy failure were the most common reasons for discontinuation.

Conclusions

Effectiveness differences appear not to be a current reason for antipsychotic choice in FEP. Adherence strategies and weighing up likely adverse effects should be the clinical focus.
A preliminary survey on the religious profile of Brazilian psychiatrists and their approach to patients' religiosity in clinical practice
Authors: Menegatti-Chequini Maria Cecilia , Gonçalves Juliane P.B. , Leão Frederico C. , Peres Mario F. P. , Vallada Homero
Published: December 2016

Background

Although there is evidence of a relationship between religion/ spirituality and mental health, it remains unclear how Brazilian psychiatrists deal with the religion/spirituality of their patients.

Aims

To explore whether Brazilian psychiatrists enquire about religion/spirituality in their practice and whether their own beliefs influence their work.

Method

Four hundred and eighty-four Brazilian psychiatrists completed a cross-sectional survey on religion/spirituality and clinical practice.

Results

Most psychiatrists had a religious affiliation (67.4%) but more than half of the 484 participants (55.5%) did not usually enquire about patients' religion/spirituality. The most common reasons for not assessing patients' religion/spirituality were ‘being afraid of exceeding the role of a doctor’ (30.2%) and ‘lack of training’ (22.3%).

Conclusions

Very religious/spiritual psychiatrists were the most likely to ask about their patients' religion/spirituality. Training in how to deal with a patient's religiosity might help psychiatrists to develop better patient rapport and may contribute to the patient's quicker recovery.
Prevalence and associated factors for suicidal ideation in the Lagos State Mental Health Survey, Nigeria
Authors: Adewuya Abiodun O. , Ola Bolanle A. , Coker Olurotimi A. , Atilola Olayinka , Zachariah Mathew P. , Olugbile Olufemi , Fasawe Adedolapo , Idris Olajide
Published: December 2016

Background

To combat the increasing rate of suicide, basic data on suicidal behaviours reflecting the uniqueness of the locality are needed in sub-Saharan Africa.

Aims

To assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors.

Method

Adults (n=11 246) from the five administrative divisions of Lagos State completed questionnaires detailing suicidal ideation, socio-demographic details, common mental disorders (depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms), alcohol and psychoactive substance use disorders and disability.

Results

The weighted prevalence of current suicidal ideation was 7.28% (s.e. 0.27). Independently associated factors were older age, being female, not married, low occupational group, depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms and disability.

Conclusions

Despite the validity of cross-national surveys, there is need for individual countries to generate complementary local data to explain variability in rates and risk factors in order to plan for suicide prevention or develop timely and effective response.
Journal Scan
Authors: Welyczko Nikki
Published: December 2016

Nikki Welyczko, Teacher Fellow and Principal Lecturer for Adult Nursing at the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, provides a brief overview of recently published nursing and health articles
Operational delivery networks tackling hepatitis C
Authors: Bufton Sally
Published: December 2016

Sally Bufton, National HIV Nurses Association (NHIVNA) Link at the British Association for the Study of the Liver Nurse Forum (BASLNF), gives an overview of the state of NHS England's operational delivery network system
Research round-up
Authors: Sargent Suzanne
Published: December 2016

Suzanne Sargent, Lecturer in Hepatology at King's College London, provides a brief overview of recently published, liver-related nursing and health articles
Simulation Models of Misclassification Error for Single Thresholds of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Due to Assay Bias and Imprecision
Authors: Lyon Andrew W , Kavsak Peter A , Lyon Oliver A S , Worster Andrew , Lyon Martha E
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND

Clinical outcome studies for cardiac troponins (cTn) are expensive and difficult to design owing to variation in patients, in the assays, and in the incidence of different types of myocardial infarction (MI). To overcome these difficulties, simulation models were used to estimate the rate of misclassification error for MI and risk prediction resulting from assay bias and imprecision.

METHODS

Finite mixture analysis of Abbott high-sensitivity cTnI (hs-cTnI) results at time 0 h in patients presenting early with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms to the emergency department (ED) [n = 145, Reducing the Time Interval for Identifying New Guideline (RING) study] allowed derivation of a simulation data set (n = 10000). hs-cTnI concentrations were modified by addition of bias or imprecision error. The percentage of all 10000 modified hs-cTnI results that were misclassified for MI at thresholds of 2, 5, 26.2, and 52 ng/L was determined by Monte Carlo simulation. Analyses were replicated with an all-comer emergency department (ED) population (n = 1137) ROMI (Optimum Troponin Cutoffs for ACS in the ED) study.

RESULTS

In the RING study, simulation at 26.2-ng/L (99th percentile) and 52-ng/L thresholds were affected by both bias ±2 ng/L and imprecision (10%–20%) and had misclassification rates of 0.4% to 0.6%. Simulations at the 2-ng/L and 5-ng/L thresholds were only affected by bias. Misclassification rates at bias of ±1 ng/L were 10% for the 2-ng/L threshold, and 5% for the 5-ng/L threshold.

CONCLUSIONS

Simulation models predicted that hs-cTnI results are seldom misclassified (<1% of patients) when interpretative thresholds are near or exceed the overall 99th percentile. However, simulation models also predicted that low hs-cTnI results, as recommended in guidelines, are prone to misclassification of 5%–10% of patients.
José Manuel Aizpúrua y Joaquín Labayen; Studio de Arquitectura. 1928. Arquitectura y mobiliario en los albores de la modernidad
Authors: Muñoz Fernández Francisco Javier
Published: December 2016

El estudio de trabajo que en 1928 José Manuel Aizpúrua y Joaquín Labayen construyeron en San Sebastián, fue el manifiesto y el ensayo de lo que quería ser la nueva arquitectura. En él se plasmó una concepción de la arquitectura, del trabajo del arquitecto, del espacio y del mobiliario desconocidos hasta entonces en el panorama arquitectónico local. El estudio fue también el laboratorio de proyectos posteriores y un reclamo publicitario y propagandístico, que con el auxilio de otras iniciativas quiso seducir a posibles clientes y facilitar el desarrollo de las ideas de los arquitectos guipuzcoanos.
Danza y educación nobiliaria en el siglo XVIII: El Método de la escuela de baile en el Real Seminario de Nobles de Madrid
Authors: Campóo Schelotto Diana
Published: December 2016

El artículo presenta la edición y contextualización histórica de un manuscrito inédito, datado en septiembre de 1800, en el que se establecen los principios para la enseñanza de la danza en el Real Seminario de Nobles de Madrid. Las instrucciones que contiene evidencian la práctica de la danza cortesana francesa, introducida en España con la llegada de Felipe V. El texto pone de manifiesto la función que en la época se atribuía al aprendizaje de la danza dentro del contexto más amplio de la educación aristocrática, como expresión del decoro nobiliario de quienes debían distinguirse por su nacimiento y estaban destinadas a ocupar los más altos cargos políticos de la monarquía.
De Sevilla a León: Simón Gavilán Tomé y la obra del puente de Barcas en Valencia de don Juan
Authors: Martínez Montero Jorge
Published: December 2016

Simón Gavilán Tomé es considerado uno de los mejores escultores del periodo barroco en España, pero su faceta como arquitecto en tierras leonesas es una de las menos conocidas. El trabajo que presentamos, pone de manifiesto el encargo que el consistorio de Valencia de Don Juan realiza al maestro en el año 1749, acerca de la construcción de un puente sobre barcas en el río Esla; una experiencia que le llevó a visitar otro de los puentes de la misma tipología en la ciudad de Sevilla, constituyendo hasta el momento la única obra de ingeniería civil documentada del maestro.
Estructura, Cadena de Mando y Ejecutores de la represión de boina roja en Navarra en 1936
Authors: Mikelarena Peña Fernando
Published: December 2016

En este artículo se analizan diversos aspectos relacionados con la participación de los carlistas en la represión registrada en Navarra en 1936 y 1937. Los aspectos que se analizan son las condiciones en las que nació la Junta Central Carlista de Guerra de Navarra, la estructura represiva de la misma (centros de detención, unidades militares) y los perfiles de los responsables principales de las ejecuciones dentro del Requeté navarro.
Nuevas investigaciones arqueológicas subacuáticas en el área de La Caleta (Cádiz, España). Estudio de las evidencias de época púnica (siglos VI-III a.C)
Authors: Sáez Romero Antonio M. , Higueras-Milena Castellano Aurora
Published: December 2016

La zona costera de La Caleta, en el extremo noroccidental de la isla de Cádiz, constituye desde los inicios de la investigación subacuática en la bahía gaditana uno de los principales escenarios de investigación a partir tanto de destacados hallazgos puntuales como de actuaciones geo-arqueológicas científicas. La interpretación de este conjunto de datos ha sido muy dispar, tanto como el grado de publicación de las campañas arqueológicas realizadas, y la información disponible se encuentra actualmente muy dispersa. Asimismo, algunas cuestiones como la aparición de materiales que han sido tradicionalmente considerados como evidencias cultuales (anforillas, quemaperfumes, terracotas, etc.) y su relación con los templos citados en las fuentes literarias clásicas han focalizado hasta ahora la mayor parte de estudios, dejando en segundo plano temas de gran importancia histórica. Se propone en estas páginas una revisión panorámica de la documentación generada por hallazgos casuales y campañas precedentes, conjugando estas evidencias con las proporcionadas por actuaciones sistemáticas desarrolladas recientemente (2008-2010), atendiendo especialmente a los restos materiales relativos a la etapa púnica (siglos VI-III a.C.). Adicionalmente, se plantearán algunas nuevas propuestas de interpretación de La Caleta en este periodo, acerca de su configuración geo-arqueológica y su relación con actividades portuarias, comerciales, cultuales o funerarias prerromanas.
Conflictos y destrucciones en la Celtiberia Citerior entre los siglos III y I a. C.: el yacimiento de «El Calvario», en Gotor, Zaragoza
Authors: Romeo Marugán Francisco
Published: December 2016

En el yacimiento celtibérico «El Calvario», en la localidad zaragozana de Gotor, se han podido identificar hasta tres destrucciones violentas en un lapso de tiempo relativamente breve entre finales del siglo III a. C. y el primer cuarto del siglo I a. C. A las dos primeras siguió la reconstrucción total y la remodelación de las estructuras. La tercera abocó al abandono definitivo del asentamiento. Este yacimiento aragonés nos habla de una vida convulsa y violenta en esta zona de la Celtiberia entre el siglo III y el I a. C. El grado de arrasamiento de las estructuras, junto con la aparición de varias monedas, nos aproximará al contexto histórico de dichas destrucciones. Del mismo modo podremos comprobar los problemas que plantea el repertorio cerámico celtibérico para poder fijar márgenes cronológicos entre finales del siglo IV y el I a. C. «El Calvario» se encuentra a 11,5 km de la ciudad celtibérica de Aratis, y con seguridad se localiza dentro de su esfera de control político y económico, en un área en la que la metalurgia fue sin duda la actividad más relevante, llegando a ordenar, vertebrar y dar sentido a la ocupación celtibérica de toda la actual comarca del Río Aranda.
El conjunto de denarios altoimperiales de La Polonia (Castro del Río, Córdoba)
Authors: López Medina María Juana
Published: December 2016

Se analiza el conjunto de denarios altoimperiales hallado junto a la villa de La Polonia (Castro del Río, Córdoba). Está compuesto por 30 ejemplares, que comprenden un abanico cronológico desde Augusto hasta Antonino Pío, y en este estudio se abordan distintos aspectos como su composición y su contextualización. En este sentido, el hallazgo se relaciona con el lugar de la tesaurización, una villa, y el modelo de ocupación rural en la Campiña, y se propone su pertenencia a un tesoro ocultado durante la segunda mitad del siglo II d.C., así como las posibles causas que lo propiciaron, entre las que pudo estar la presencia de los mauri en la Bética durante el reinado de Marco Aurelio.
A Group Recommendation System for Movies based on MAS
Authors: Villavicencio Christian Paulo , Schiaffino Silvia , Díaz-Pace J. Andrés , Monteserin Ariel
Published: December 2016

Providing recommendations to groups of users has become popular in many applications today. Although several group recommendation techniques exist, the generation of items that satisfy all group members in an even way still remains a challenge. To this end, we have developed a multi-agent approach called PUMAS-GR that relies on negotiation techniques to improve group recommendations. We applied PUMAS-GR to the movies domain, and used the monotonic concession protocol to reach a consensus on the movies proposed to a group.
Educational Resources Recommendation System for a heterogeneous Student Group
Authors: Rodríguez Marín Paula Andrea , Giraldo Mauricio , Tabares Valentina , Duque Néstor , Ovalle Demetrio
Published: December 2016

In a face-class, where the student group is heterogeneous, it is necessary to select the most appropriate educational resources that support learning for all. In this sense, multi-agent system (MAS) can be used to simulate the features of the students in the group, including their learning style, in order to help the professor find the best resources for your class. In this paper, we present MAS to educational resources recommendation for group students, simulating their profiles and selecting resources that best fit. Obtained promising results show that proposed MAS is able to delivered educational resources for a student group.
Preparation and Application of a Nano α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 Photocatalyst for Removal of the Anti-cancer Drug Doxorubicin using the Taguchi Approach
Authors: Bigtan Mohammad Hosein , Mahanpoor Kazem , Shafie Hadi
Published: December 2016

The synthesis of α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 nano photocatalyst was the first step of this study. The α-Fe2O3 nanocatalyst was synthesized applying forced hydrolysis and reflux condensation followed by solid-state dispersion that was used for supporting α-Fe2O3 on SAPO-34. The next step was a characterization of the catalyst that was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Then, for optimizing the operational parameters in Doxorubicin’s degradation process the effect of Doxorubicin concentration, the amount of α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 nano photocatalyst, the pH, and H2O2 concentration was studied via the Taguchi method. The AL9 orthogonal array was adjusted and nine crucial runs were conducted. For calculating Signal/Noise ratio, each run was repeated three times. As the results showed, the concentration of Doxorubicin is the most effective parameter. Optimized conditions for removing the anti-cancer drug (based on Signal/Noise ratio) were Doxorubicin concentration (20 ppm), H2O2 concentration (3 mol/L), catalyst amount (50 mg/L) and pH = 8.
Iwasawa theory for the symmetric square of a modular form
Authors: Loeffler David , Zerbes Sarah Livia
Published: December 2016

We construct a compatible family of global cohomology classes (an Euler system) for the symmetric square of a modular form, and apply this to bounding Selmer groups of the symmetric square Galois representation and its twists.
Using Steinberg algebras to study decomposability of Leavitt path algebras
Authors: Orloff Clark Lisa , Martín Barquero Dolores , Martín González Cándido , Siles Molina Mercedes
Published: December 2016

Given an arbitrary graph E we investigate the relationship between E and the groupoid

G
E

{G_{E}}

.
We show that there is a lattice isomorphism between the lattice of pairs

(
H
,
S
)

{(H,S)}

, where H is a hereditary and saturated set of vertices and S is a set of breaking vertices associated to H, onto the lattice of open invariant subsets of

G
E

(
0
)

{G_{E}^{(0)}}

. We use this lattice isomorphism to characterise the decomposability of the Leavitt path algebra

L
K

⁢

(
E
)

{L_{K}(E)}

, where K is a field.
First we find a graph condition to characterise when an open invariant subset of

G
E

(
0
)

{G_{E}^{(0)}}

is closed.
Then we give both a graph condition and a groupoid condition each of which is equivalent to

L
K

⁢

(
E
)

{L_{K}(E)}

being decomposable in the sense that it can be written as a direct sum of two nonzero ideals. We end by relating decomposability of a Leavitt path algebra with the existence of nontrivial central idempotents. In fact, all the nontrivial central idempotents can be described.
Hausdorff moment problem: Recovery of an unknown support for a probability density function
Authors: Kazemi Amir , Shahdoosti Hamid Reza , Mnatsakanov Robert M.
Published: December 2016

In this work the following problem is discussed: Unknown are two objects, a probability density (corresponding to a distribution, or to a probability measure) f and its support

supp
⁡

{
f
}

=

[
L
,
U
]

{\operatorname{supp}\{f\}=[L,U]}

which is assumed to be bounded/compact.
Available is the sequence of all integer order moments of f and the goal is to recover the support

[
L
,
U
]

{[L,U]}

or both the support

[
L
,
U
]

{[L,U]}

and the density f.
This paper provides the sequences involving integer order moments that approximate the compact support of a probability measure.
The proposed sequences are based on the ratios of subsequent moments and they converge faster than the previously suggested sequences representing the n-th roots of n-th moments.
As a result, the approximation of a probability density function with unknown support is proposed.
The convergence of newly defined approximations of the boundaries and the densities are demonstrated through various examples, including the case of noisy data.