bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mesoscopic analysis of drag reduction performance of bionic furrow opener based on the discrete element method
Authors: Liu Guomin , Yao Jiuyuan , Chen Zhen , Han Xuekai , Zou Meng
Published: November 2023

In order to study the dynamic interface mechanical behavior between soil and agricultural machinery and reveal the causes of tillage resistance, three kinds of bionic furrow opener were designed according to the characteristics of earthworm head surface curve, using the discrete element method to simulate and analyze the process of the furrow openers. The results showed that the order of ditching resistance from large to small is traditional opener, bionic corrugated opener, bionic ridgeline opener, bionic composite opener. With the same ditching speed, the drag reduction effect of the three bionic openers increases with the increase of the ditching depth. During the process of increasing the depth from 30 mm to 60 mm and 90 mm, the ditching resistance of the traditional opener increased from 11.56 N to 28.32 N and 48.61 N as well as the maximum drag reduction ratio increased from 5.58% to 7.20% and 8.93% for the bionic composite opener. With the same ditching depth, the bionic composite opener reached the highest drag reduction rate of all bionic openers when the speed is 100 mm/s, the value is 9.08%. The width of the ditch of the three bionic openers is smaller than that of the traditional opener. Bionic corrugated opener can improve the ditch height and reduce the ditch width,the corrugated structure creates a gap between the surface of the core and the particles, reducing the number of contact and contact area of the particles. The number of contact particles of the three bionic openers is smaller than that of the traditional opener. The bionic composite opener has the smallest force field and the soil disturbance caused by the core share surface is small, the soil is evenly distributed along the core surface. The discrete element simulation shows that the bionic opener can effectively reduce the ditching resistance and improve the quality of ditching, which provides a theoretical basis for subsequent research and optimization.
The international spill over effect of American economy on China’s macro-economy based on MCMC-Gibbs sampling algorithm
Authors: Hu Jiamu
Published: November 2023

China’s export benefits from the significant fiscal stimulus in the United States. This paper analyzes the global spillover effect of the American economy on China’s macro-economy using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)-Gibbs sampling approach, with the goal of improving the ability of China’s financial system to protect against foreign threats. This paper examines the theories of the consequences of uncertainty on macroeconomics first. Then, using medium-sized economic and financial data, the uncertainty index of the American and Chinese economies is built. In order to complete the test and analysis of the dynamic relationship between American economic uncertainty and China’s macro-economy, a Time Varying Parameter-Stochastic Volatility-Vector Autoregression (TVP- VAR) model with random volatility is constructed. The model is estimated using the Gibbs sampling method based on MCMC. For the empirical analysis, samples of China’s and the United States’ economic data from January 2001 to January 2022 were taken from the WIND database and the FRED database, respectively. The data reveal that there are typically fewer than 5 erroneous components in the most estimated parameters of the MCMC model, which suggests that the model’s sampling results are good. China’s pricing level reacted to the consequences of the unpredictability of the American economy by steadily declining, reaching its lowest point during the financial crisis in 2009, and then gradually diminishing. After 2012, the greatest probability density range of 68% is extremely wide and contains 0, indicating that the impact of economic uncertainty in the United States on China’s pricing level is no longer significant. China should therefore focus on creating a community of destiny by working with nations that have economic cooperation to lower systemic financial risks and guarantee the stability of the capital market.
The Benefit of Early and Frequent Antitumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Trough Level Determination in Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Gillmore Taylor , Jimenez-Rivera Carolina , Mack David R.
Published: November 2023

A patient with infantile-onset Crohn's disease had a partial response to corticosteroid therapy that worsened on its tapering, leading to treatment with antitumor necrosis factor-alpha monoclonal antibody therapy. Infliximab rapidly cleared before administration of the third accelerated induction dose with the development of antibodies. Adalimumab was initiated with a good clinical effect but also rapidly cleared, requiring dose intensification to improve drug levels and to maintain a good clinical response. The amount of medication could eventually be decreased. Accelerated induction and maintenance drug monitoring can prevent secondary loss of response in very young children with inflammatory bowel disease.
The Meaning of
ibtahala
in the Qurʾān: A Reassessment
Authors: Dost Suleyman
Published: November 2023

The word nabtahil, which appears only once in the Qur’an in Q 3:61, has become the basis of a fairly well-known practice in pre-modern and modern Islam called mubāhala, “mutual cursing” due to the verse’s alleged connection to a cursing duel between Muhammad and Christians from Najran. Some exegetes, however, took it to mean “to pray humbly/sincerely”. This article argues that among the two explanations offered by Muslim scholars and exegetes for ibtahala, “to pray” and “to curse”, the latter is quite probably incorrect and arose from a misinterpretation of the word’s solitary usage in the qur’anic verse whereas the former explanation fares better in view of the comparative Semitic evidence. Having evaluated the attestations of the word in Muslim sources and in other languages, I offer a third explanation, namely that the word ibtahala means “to debate”, based on a Classical Ethiopic cognate.
Design and performance investigation of a coherent optical system based
multi-band
OFDM with various indexes
Authors: Dawood Fatimah Imad , Hadi Wael Abdul Hassan
Published: November 2023

In this work, a comprehensive study of a multi-band optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OOFDM) system is investigated. Different OFDM indexes (128,256,512, and 1024) are utilized with the coherent detection CD technique. High-order modulation 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) is used to obtain high spectral efficiency. Transmission studies indicated that 128 subcarriers with 2-bands exhibit a higher optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of 23 dB with lower bit error rate (BER) of 1 × 10−4, while 1024 subcarriers with 8-bands shows a lower OSNR of 22 dB with a higher BER of 3 × 10−3. Even though the higher subcarrier type has the lowest BER, it provides a superior solution when combined with wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) in the presence of forward error correction (FEC). The performance of the system with 40 Gbps along 800 km of uncompensated fiber has designed and simulated using Optisystem software.
An analysis of osteopathic medical students applying to surgical residencies following transition to a single graduate medical education accreditation system
Authors: Williamson Tyler K. , Martinez Victor H. , Ojo Desiree E. , Allen Christian B. , Fernandez Roberto , Larson Jason , Timoney Martin , Sees Julieanne P.
Published: November 2023

Context

Upon requests from osteopathic medical schools, the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) Charting Outcomes were redesigned to include osteopathic medical school seniors beginning in 2018 and one joint graduate medical education (GME) accreditation system, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), formed in 2020.

Objectives

The goal of this study is to analyze the match outcomes and characteristics of osteopathic applicants applying to surgical specialties following the ACGME transition.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of osteopathic senior match outcomes in surgical specialties from the NRMP Main Residency Match data from 2020 to 2022 and the NRMP Charting Outcomes data from 2020 to 2022 was performed.

Results

For surgical specialties, results show matching increased as United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 2 CK (clinical knowledge) and Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination (COMLEX) Level 2 CE (cognitive evaluation) scores increased along with the number of contiguous rankings (p<0.001). The greatest indication for matching looking at scores alone were those who scored greater than 230 on Step 2 CK compared to below (p<0.001) and above 650 on Level 2 CE (p<0.001). However, those who scored 240 (p=0.025) on Step 2 CK were just as likely to match as those who scored 250 (p=0.022) when compared to those who scored below those scores. Increasing research involvement had little to no significance with the likelihood of matching across most surgical subspecialties.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that there are unique thresholds for Step 2 CK scores, Level 2 CE scores, and the number of contiguous ranks for each surgical specialty that, when reached, are significantly associated with match success. Although certain board score delineations are linked with higher match success rates, the rates level off after this point for most surgical specialties and do not significantly increase further with higher scores. In addition, thresholds within contiguous ranks for increasing match likelihood exist and vary across surgical specialties. Overall, this study highlights that the quantitative metrics utilized to assess applicants lack the correlation reported historically, and the data presently available need to be more substantiated.
Rethinking chemical production with “green” hydrogen
Authors: Centi Gabriele , Perathoner Siglinda
Published: November 2023

This contribution critically addresses the “green” H2 production issue. After introducing the topic and the limits of the production of H2 from electrolysis, some examples of alternative methods are discussed, highlighting the possibility of reducing costs, carbon footprint and intensity of use of renewable energy compared to electrolysis.
Mathematical Models of the Temperature Field in Elements of Electronic Devices with Foreign Inclusion
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Havrysh V.I.
Published: November 2023

Linear and non-linear mathematical models for the determination of the temperature field, and subsequently for the analysis of temperature regimes in isotropic media with semi-transparent foreign inclusions that are also subject to external heat load, have been developed. To solve the nonlinear boundary-value problem, a linearizing function was introduced, using which the original nonlinear heat conduction equation and nonlinear boundary conditions were linearized, and as a result, a partially linearized second-order differential equation with partial derivatives and discontinuous and singular coefficients relative to the linearizing function and partially linearized boundary conditions was obtained. For the final linearization of the partially linearized differential equation and boundary conditions, the approximation of the temperature according to one of the spatial coordinates on the boundary surfaces of the inclusion was performed by piecewise constant functions. To solve the obtained linear boundary value problem, the Hankel integral transformation method was used, as a result of which an analytical solution was obtained, which determines the introduced linearizing function. For the numerical analysis of temperature behavior and heat exchange processes caused by external heat load, software tools have been developed, which are used to create a geometric image of temperature distribution depending on spatial coordinates. The obtained results indicate the correspondence of the developed mathematical models of the analysis of heat exchange processes in heterogeneous media with external heating to a real physical process. The obtained results indicate the correspondence of the developed mathematical models of the analysis of heat exchange processes in heterogeneous media with external heating to a real physical process. The developed models make it possible to analyze environments with foreign elements under external thermal loads regarding their thermal resistance. As a result, it becomes possible to increase it and protect it from overheating, which can cause the destruction of not only individual elements, but also the entire structure.
Problems and Prospects of Implementing Assessment of the Level of Maturity of Cyber Security Processes of Critical Infrastructure Objects of the Energy Sector of Ukraine in Accordance with the NIST Cybersecurity Framework
Authors:   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Chaikin M.M.
Published: November 2023

Existing problems regarding compliance with requirements in the field of cyber security of Ukraine's critical infrastructure in the energy sector, prospects for the implementation of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework and ways to solve the identified problems are described. The Ukrainian legislative framework was analyzed and compared with European and American practices, and the issue of compliance with the requirements of the legislation of various jurisdictions was determined.
Determination of a pitch control program for a solid-propellant missile
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Siutkina-Doronina S.V.
Published: November 2023

This paper analyzes the trends in the improvement of the performance characteristics of guided missiles with solid-propellant sustainer engines and identifies the features and requirements for flight trajectories, design parameters, and control programs. Within the framework of the optimal control theory, the comprehensive problem of simultaneous optimization of a missile’s design parameters and control systems is formulated. An approach to the formation of missile flight control programs in the form of polynomials is developed further, thus making it possible to reduce the optimal control theory problem to a simpler problem of nonlinear mathematical simulation. The proposed approach to control program development is used at the initial design stage to form a wide range of guided missile trajectories. Use is made of a methodology for the ballistic and aeroballistic flight range optimization of the design parameters and flight control programs of a canard missile. The missile flight range depends essentially on the values of the design and trajectory parameters and control programs chosen for optimization. Because of this, the optimization of the chosen parameters (maybe, other parameters too) in the solution of specific target problems seems to be the indispensable initial stage of missile design. For the considered missile trajectories with a vertical launch where the Mach number takes different values, optimal programs of pitch time variation that maximize the flight range are determined. The analysis of the optimization results for different trajectories shows that the optimal program in active flight with a vertical launch is the linear time dependence of the pitch angle. The application package developed allows one to determine flight control programs optimal in a given class of functions and advisable design parameters and basic performance characteristics of guided missiles for various aerodynamic designs and flight schemes as early as at the initial design stage to an accuracy required for design studies. This makes it possible to analyze design alternatives, thus improving the quality of solution of problems arising at the initial design stage and reducing the time and the cost of design work on new missiles.
Régi utakon Székelyföld Árpád-kori hegyi váraihoz
Authors: Botár István
Published: November 2023

Absztrakt

Az elrejtett mentsváraknak tekintett székelyföldi középkori várak elhelyezkedése nem függetleníthető a környezetükben húzódó terepobjektumoktól (őskori vár, népvándorlás kori sáncok, mélyutak, kápolnák). Ezek együttes vizsgálata és más adatok arra utalnak, hogy a várak „folyamatosan” használt utak mellé épültek, így a Magyar Királyság 13. századi határvédelmi rendszerének elemei voltak.
Adatok a dunai hajómalmok régészetéhez
Authors: Tóth János Attila
Published: November 2023

Absztrakt

A tanulmány a Közép-Duna-medence hajómalmokkal kapcsolatba hozható hajómaradványait veszi sorra. A hajómalmokhoz kapcsolható legkorábbi leletanyag a 14. század második-harmadik évtizedére keltezhető, és jól illeszkedik az írásos források adataival. A kiterjesztett monoxyl technika egészen a 19. század elejéig megfigyelhető a malomhajók építészetében, amely egyrészt folyamatosságra utal a középkori és újkori magyarországi hajóépítészetben, másrészt anakronisztikus technológiai megoldás az európai (folyami és tavi) hajóépítészet fejlődésének tükrében, magyarázata a célszerűség, a rendelkezésre álló jó minőségű, nagy méretű tölgy rönkök elérhetőségében feltételezhető. Első ízben sikerült felmérni mesterségesen kialakított hajóteleltető medencét, a lelőhelytípus további kutatása jelentős eredményeket ígér, különösen az újonnan definiált „többcélúan hasznosított, különleges adottságú vízterületek” esetében.
Erythropoietin inhibits neutrophil extracellular traps formation to ameliorate lung injury in a pneumonia model
Authors: Ye Sheng , Li Wei , Yang Jinghui , Xue Xiang , Chen Jiao , Zhao Wei , Jiang Lei , Jia Ling
Published: November 2023

Background: Severe pneumonia is a kind of disease that develops from lung inflammation, and new drugs are still required to treat the same. Erythropoietin (EPO) is widely used to treat anemia in patients. However, there are fewer studies on the role of EPO in neutrophil extracellular trappings (NETs) and pneumonia, and the mechanism is unclear.
Objective: To investigate the possible effects of EPO on the formation of NETs and progression of pneumonia.
Methods: Mice pneumonia model was induced by tracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and automatic blood cell analysis were performed in this model to confirm the effects of EPO on lung injury. Flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent serological assay, and immunostaining assay were conducted to detect the effects of EPO on the inflammation as well as formation of NETs in mice. Immunoblot was further conducted to confirm the mechanism.
Results: EPO alleviated LPS-induced lung injury. EPO reduced the release of inflammatory factors induced by LPS. In addition, EPO inhibited the formation of NETs. Mechanically, EPO inhibited tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activity in mouse models, and therefore suppressed the progression of pneumonia.
Conclusion: EPO inhibited formation of NETs to ameliorate lung injury in a pneumonia model, and could serve as a drug of pneumonia.
ALBERT CAMUS: GNOSTICISMO, EXISTENCIALISMO E NIILISMO
Authors: Oliveira Jelson Roberto de
Published: November 2023

RESUMO O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar as teses de Albert Camus sobre os movimentos gnósticos de grande influência sobre o cristianismo primitivo. Para tanto, parte-se de um exame da relação entre gnosticismo e modernidade, para, então, demonstrar como, segundo o pensador francoargelino, as seitas gnósticas representam o fil rouge que liga a tradição grega (da racionalidade) às perspectivas cristãs (principalmente a ideia de redenção). Além disso, a análise pretende demonstrar como, para Camus, o gnosticismo e a modernidade mantêm laços estreitos, principalmente pelo conceito de exílio do homem no mundo. Com isso, compreende-se como Camus se apropria desse sentimento para formular a sua própria obra filosófica e literária, articulando o niilismo gnóstico e o niilismo contemporâneo.
Anatomical and histochemical characterization of stem and leaves of Bauhinia pulchella Benth. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Carvalho J. L. , Magalhães C. S. , Rodrigues R. O. , Randau K. P.
Published: November 2023

Abstract Bauhinia pulchella Benth. (Fabaceae), is native to Brazil and popularly known as pata-de-bode. In folk medicine, it is used to treat diabetes. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated different properties, such as cytotoxic and antioxidant, and different chemical constituents, such as essential oil, triterpenoids, steroids, among others. In order to highlight the morphological differences of the species B. pulchella from the others of the genus, and its pharmacological potential, the present study aimed to carry out the anatomical and histochemical characterization of the stem and leaves of B. pulchella. Usual methods in plant anatomy were used in the preparation of semi-permanent slides containing cross sections of the stem, petiole and leaf blade and paradermal sections of the leaf blade for analysis in light microscopy and polarized light. Histochemical tests were also performed to localize the metabolites in the stem and leaf blade. The stem of B. pulchella has a cylindrical outline, the bark is composed of 7-8 layers of cells and discontinuously distributed sclerenchyma; petiole presents flat convex contour, prominences in the adaxial region, concentric amphicrivral vascular bundle, surrounding a small concentric anfivasal intramedullary bundle, adaxially two accessory bundles and tector trichomes; leaf blade with anisocytic and tetracytic stomata on the adaxial surface and anisocytic, tetracytic and anomocytic on the abaxial surface; and midrib with plain-convex outline, 1-2 layers of collenchyma and covering trichomes. Characteristics that differ from other species of the genus Bauhinia. Alkaloids, phenolic compounds, lipophilic compounds, lignin, triterpenes, steroids and tannins were observed in the species. The results are fundamental for the pharmacobotanical standardization of the studied species.
Organoleptic characteristics and compositional profile of meat of growing Japanese quail fed different levels of poultry byproducts compost
Authors: Khan M. T. , Mehmood S. , Arslan M. , Azhar M. , Asad T. , Raziq F. , Liaqat S. , Gondal M. A. , Rauf M. , Nazir S. , Faran G. , Abbasi F. , Farooq Z. , Iqbal Z. M. , Qumar M. , Wadood F. , Raja I. H. , Ali H. , Abbas G. , Bughio E. , Magsi A. S. , Younas U. , Arshad M. A. , Rehman M. F.
Published: November 2023

Abstract The poultry industry generates a lot of waste, including dead birds, manure, and poultry litter. Poultry waste should never be disposed of improperly because it can seriously harm the environment. The waste can be recycled as a feedstock for use in poultry feed by composting the litter and deceased birds. The compositional profile and organoleptic properties of the meat of growing Japanese quail were examined over the course of a 4-week trial to ascertain the effect of adding compost to the diet. In a completely randomized design (CRD), 1200 newly hatched quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into five treatment groups (diets with 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% compost), each consisting of 40 birds with six replicates. The addition of compost to the diet had no noticeable effects on the organoleptic qualities of appearance, color, aroma, taste, texture, juiciness, tenderness, and acceptability (P>0.05). The compositional profile characteristics for chicks given compost at any level compared to chicks fed the control diet showed no differences (P>0.05). These findings suggest that the sensory characteristics and compositional profile of growing meat quails can be maintained when fed diets including up to 10% compost.
Assessing effect of feeding poultry byproducts compost on organoleptic characteristics and compositional profile of meat of broiler chickens
Authors: Khan M. T. , Mehmood S. , Asad T. , Azhar M. , Arslan M. , Raziq F. , Liaqat S. , Raja I. H. , Gondal M. A. , Rauf M. , Nazir S. , Faran G. , Nisa Q. , Abbasi F. , Farooq Z. , Iqbal Z. M. , Qumar M. , Wadood F. , Abbas G. , Bughio E. , Magsi A. S. , Younas U. , Arshad M. A.
Published: November 2023

Abstract Large amounts of waste, including dead birds, manure, and poultry litter, are produced by the poultry industry. Poultry waste should be disposed of properly to avoid major pollution and health risks. Composting litter and dead birds could be an option to recycle the waste and use in poultry feed. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding composted poultry waste on the organoleptic qualities and compositional profile of the meat of broiler chickens. A total of 300 day-old broiler chicks (500-Cobb) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups replicated six times with 10 birds each, under a completely randomized design (CRD). Five iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets including composted poultry byproducts at concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% were fed ad libitum to the birds from day 0 to day 35. The sensory grading and meat composition profile of 500 Cobb broiler chickens were tested at 35 days of age. The findings showed that there were no variations in the sensory profiles of the meat from birds given various diets (P>0.05). Although the results were somewhat lower for the chicks fed compost-containing diets than for the control group, this difference was deemed to be insignificant (P>0.05). Similarly, there were no variations in the compositional profile values of the meat between meat from birds fed various diets (P>0.05). These findings imply that broiler chickens may be raised on diets containing up to 10% poultry byproduct compost without any negative impacts on the meat's sensory quality or composition. Additionally, using compost into broiler diets may help to lower the cost of feed.
Analysis of the biological and chemical characteristics of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L.) Fed with compost based on sugarcane residues
Authors: Cruz Nieto D. D. , Montes L. A. A. , Lirión Rodríguez I. R. , Chauca V. M. Z. , More López J. M. , Yovera Saldarriaga J. , Romero Menacho J. U. , Chanducas Tantaleán H. E. , Sotelo Montes J. E. , Jamanca Ramirez M. A. , Caira Mamani C. M. , Alberto M. N. M. , Carbonel Neciosup A. E. , Vélez Chang Y. J.
Published: November 2023

Abstract The pandemic and the geopolitical conflict between Russia and Ukraine are events that have caused economic instability in Peru. Reason that was investigated on the analysis of the biological and chemical characteristics of cabbage fed with compost based on sugarcane residues. The objective was to analyze the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of cabbage from the adequate dose of compost based on sugarcane residues and distance between plants. It is based on the methodology applied with an experimental approach, for which the Completely Random Block Design with a 4x 2 factorial arrangement was used, which consisted of 3 blocks and 8 treatments that were the combination: F1 with 0, F2 with 8, T3 with 10 and F4 with 12 t/ha and spacing (D1) with 0.30 m between plants and 0.60 m between rows and (D2) with 0.35 m between plants and 0.60 m between rows. The physical characteristics of cabbage were evaluated and processed by analysis of variance, nutrient concentrations in leaves and stomatal density were analyzed. The results determined that T7 stood out in plant height with 41.88 cm, yield with 26.76 tn/ha and T6 in root length with 20.22 cm. In chemical analysis of leaves T1 stood out in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and T4 in calcium, magnesium and sulfur. In T7 stomata density with 977 stomata/mm2. It concludes that at an adequate dose and greater distance that T7 stands out in the concentration of nutrients that are within normal values and high density of stomata; Therefore, these characteristics influenced the optimal biochemical reactions, which obtained good development and yield that differed at 51.39% and 32.17% with respect to the controls T1 and T5.
Vale tudo: Action strategies for Vale after the Córrego do Feijão dam criminal disaster
Authors: Melo Tatiane Lúcia de , Guimarães Liliane de Oliveira
Published: November 2023

Abstract Purpose: This article aims to analyze the strategies used by Vale during the first two years after the Brumadinho dam disaster to deal with criticisms from civil society in the face of the consequences caused by the rupture. Originality/value: The article contributes to understanding the strategic processes used by large enterprises to respond to environmental disasters and other damages resulting from activities and work accidents caused by these organizations. It demonstrates how such strategies can be applied and succeed because they are linked to actions and articulations with key actors involved and co-opted in economic, political, and social processes before the disaster. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative, case study type of research was conducted with citizens of Brumadinho and local mobilization groups. The interviews conducted with ten citizens of the municipality and document analysis allowed a volume of information from the various actors that make up and participate in the tangle surrounding the actions related to this disaster. Findings: The company uses mechanisms that impute discouragement and disbelief in the affected people, fomenting the politics of resignation through numerous strategies of bureaucratization, social and mental suffering, and rights violations that postpone the reparation actions to the affected people. The article demonstrates how the context of technological disasters involves a political, economic, institutional, and social process marked by violations, influences, and injustices with communities and people whose beginning is before the disasters.
Vale tudo: As estratégias de atuação da Vale após o desastre-crime da barragem de Córrego do Feijão
Authors: Melo Tatiane Lúcia de , Guimarães Liliane de Oliveira
Published: November 2023

Resumo Objetivo: Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as estratégias utilizadas pela Vale durante os dois primeiros anos após o desastre da barragem de Brumadinho para lidar com as críticas da sociedade civil perante os desdobramentos causados pelo rompimento. Originalidade/valor: O artigo contribui para a compreensão dos processos estratégicos utilizados por grandes empreendimentos para responder aos desastres ambientais e aos demais danos decorrentes de atividades e acidentes de trabalho causados por essas organizações. É demonstrado como tais estratégias conseguem ser aplicadas e obter sucesso porque se vinculam a ações e articulações com atores-chave, que são envolvidos e cooptados em processos econômicos, políticos e sociais anteriores à ocorrência do desastre. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, na qual participaram cidadãos de Brumadinho e grupos de mobilização locais. As entrevistas realizadas com dez cidadãos do município e a análise documental permitiram um volume de informações dos diversos atores que participam do emaranhado que envolve as ações relacionadas a esse desastre. Resultados: A empresa utiliza mecanismos que imputam às pessoas atingidas o desânimo e a descrença, fomentando a política da resignação por meio de inúmeras estratégias de burocratização, sofrimento social e mental, e violações de direitos que postergam as ações de reparação aos atingidos. O artigo demonstra como o contexto de desastres tecnológicos envolve um processo político, econômico, institucional e social marcado por violações, influências e injustiças com comunidades e pessoas, cujo início é anterior aos desastres.
Social support perceived by elderly people in social vulnerability according to family functionality: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Silva Ana Laura de Souza e , Ottaviani Ana Carolina , Orlandi Fabiana de Souza , Inouye Keika , Zazzetta Marisa Silvana , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost , Santos-Orlandi Ariene Angelini dos
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the social support as perceived by elderly persons in a context of social vulnerability according to family functionality. Method: A cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach, carried out in São Carlos-SP, with 123 elderly people living in a context of high social vulnerability. The sample was divided into two groups: good family functionality and moderate/severe family dysfunction. Data was collected on sociodemographic characteristics, family functionality (Family APGAR) and social support (Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale). The Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher’s exact statistical tests were used. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between social support and family functionality (p < 0.05). The group with good family functionality obtained higher median social support scores: affective 100.00; material 95.00; information 90.00; emotional 90.00; positive social interaction 85.00; when compared to the group with moderate/severe family dysfunction: affective 86.67; material 87.50; information 70.00; emotional 65.00; positive social interaction 65.00. Conclusion: Elderly persons living in dysfunctional families have less perceived social support when compared to those living in families with good family functionality.
A systematic review to investigate whether birth weight affects the autonomic nervous system in adulthood
Authors: Vidigal Giovanna de Paula , Gonzaga Luana Almeida , Porto Andrey Alves , Garner David Matthew , Cardoso Vinicius Ferreira , Valenti Vitor Engrácia
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the relationship between birth weight and the autonomic nervous system in adulthood through a systematic review. Data source: This is a systematic review of publications without limitation of year and language. We included studies involving the autonomic nervous system and birth weight in adults. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science Cochrane Library and Scopus databases, using “Autonomic Nervous System” OR “Heart Rate” OR “Heart Rate Variability” AND “Birth Weight” as a search strategy. This review is registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews — PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020165622). Data synthesis: We found 894 articles; 215 were excluded for duplicity. Of the remaining 679 studies, 11 remained. Two were excluded because they did not specifically treat the autonomic nervous system or birth weight. There were nine publications, two cohort and seven cross-sectional studies. The main findings were that extreme, very low, low or high birth weight may have some impact on the autonomic nervous system in adult life. Conclusions: Birth weight outside the normality rate may have a negative influence on the autonomic nervous system, causing autonomic dysfunction and increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in adult life. Thus, the importance of the follow-up of health professionals from pregnancy to gestation and throughout life, with preventive care being emphasized.
Seducir en Buenos Aires. Una deconstrucción de las apropiaciones biopolíticas del piropo y el flirt (1945-1980)
Authors: Miranda Marisa A.
Published: November 2023

Resumen El trabajo, inscripto en el campo de la historia de la sexualidad, aporta una mirada tendiente a deconstruir ciertas apropiaciones biopolíticas del piropo y el flirt en la Argentina. Para ello, indaga un plexo de discursos provenientes del establishment eugenésico caracterizados por pretensiones normalizadoras de la seducción; hallando su principal sustento teórico en el control de la moral sexual impulsado por la vertiente de la disciplina galtoniana más aceptada en ese país sudamericano, que, desde el imperativo de sexualidad (solo) para la reproducción, consideraría al piropo y al flirt como indicadores de las aptitudes morales de los futuros contrayentes. Más allá de advertir la necesidad de que un enfoque de este tipo sea formulado desde la larga duración, el texto focaliza en la propuesta de normalización de esas dos estrategias de seducción impulsada por el tardo-eugenismo local, comprendido en el período 1945-1980.
Does leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) cause long term acceleration in the rate of canine retraction? A split-mouth, two-arm parallel group, randomized control trial
Authors: GUPTA Seema , BHAMBRI Eenal , SHARMA Manish , SHAIKH Mubasshir Ahmed , ZOPE Amit , THOKE Bhushan , SOROKHAIBAM Monika
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) on the rate of maxillary canine retraction for a period of 5 months. Methods: A split-mouth study was conducted on 16 subjects (9 males and 7 females; age range 17-25 years; mean age, 21.85±2.45 years) who required therapeutic extraction of bilateral maxillary first premolars. After the initial leveling and alignment, L-PRF plugs were placed in a randomly selected extraction socket (Experimental Group), and the other side served as a control (Control Group). Canine retraction was carried out by the activation of nickel-titanium (NiTi) closed-coil springs delivering 150 g of force. The rates of canine movement, canine rotation, tipping, root resorption, and molar movement were assessed at monthly intervals for five months (T0-T5). Pain, swelling and discomfort accompanying the procedure were assessed using a Likert scale. Results: The study revealed a significant increase in the rate of canine movement on the experimental side in the first two months, and significant molar anchorage loss was observed only in the first month for control side. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups regarding canine rotation, tipping, probing depth, root resorption, and pain perception. Conclusions: The use of L-PRF plugs in extraction sockets considerably enhanced the rate of canine movement only in the first two months, and long-term efficacy was not observed in this study.
Influência do choque térmico sobre a distribuição de temperatura em sistemas de revestimento cerâmico aderido
Authors: Cremonesi Guilherme Akyo , Resende Maurício Marques
Published: November 2023

Resumo O estudo investigou os efeitos causados pelo fenômeno do choque térmico sobre a distribuição de temperatura em sistemas de revestimento cerâmico aderido (SRCA). Carregamentos cíclicos térmicos e higroscópicos são eventos periódicos resultado de processos sucessivos e sequenciais de aquecimento por irradiação solar e resfriamentos bruscos por chuvas. Por meio de um programa experimental realizado em um protótipo de revestimento cerâmico composto de placas de porcelanato assentadas com argamassa colante diretamente sobre uma parede de concreto, monitoraram-se as temperaturas superficiais e na interface argamassa colante-concreto durante sua exposição a ciclos de aquecimento e resfriamento, conforme procedimentos da NBR 15575-4 (ABNT, 2021). O confinamento de energia térmica (calor) no interior da estrutura, após o início do resfriamento, demonstra que parte dos esforços térmicos é mantida internamente à estrutura mesmo após a queda de temperatura superficial da placa cerâmica (distribuição não homogênea), indicando que as movimentações estruturais de origem térmica tenderão a ir em direções diferentes (não uniformes) e, consequentemente, ocasionarão solicitações opostas entre camadas. Isso resulta em possível acréscimo e concentração de tensões em determinadas regiões, que, se críticas, levarão ao surgimento do dano no revestimento cerâmico.
Analytical and experimental shear evaluation of GFRP-reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Mistretta Fausto , Puppio Mario Lucio , Camata Guido , Nanni Antonio
Published: November 2023

Reinforced Concrete (RC) technology is advancing towards new frontiers enhancing its sustainability and durability through innovative materials. In particular, the application of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars, in lieu of steel reinforcement, shows excellent performance, especially in aggressive environments. Nevertheless, current international design guidelines and standards tend to be rather conservative, especially concerning shear reinforcement. This element hinders the technology’s competitiveness, not only in terms of material consumption but also in construction efficiency. This research aims to conduct an analytical comparison and experimental validation of the formulations found in some international standards pertaining to shear capacity in a specific case. The focus is on scenarios involving reduced shear reinforcement and cases where the number of stirrups falls below the minimum recommended by these standards. In the sample beam tests, two distinct flexural GFRP reinforcement ratios were employed to evaluate their influence on shear capacity, leading to diverse failure mechanisms: rupture of longitudinal GFRP bars and concrete crushing. The experimental results were used to compare the North American ACI, French AFGC, and Italian CNR shear capacity design approaches in the case of reduced transversal reinforced ratio. Analytical capacity expressions of the standards above are discussed with some remarks aiming at structural optimization.
Managing Luso-Utopia in Guinea-Bissau: Imperial Fictions and Dwelling Practices in Late Portuguese Colonialism (1945-74)
Authors: lebre rui aristides
Published: November 2023

Portugal ruled Guinea-Bissau (then Portuguese Guinea), one of the last European colonial empires, until 1974, when the fifty-year dictatorship was overthrown and the colony dismantled. Until that time, its power had been maintained through the productive nationalist fiction, commonly referred to as luso-tropicalism, that the Portuguese created peaceful multi-racial colonial cultures through miscegenation. This paper examines the spatial production of this fiction as a concrete political utopia in the empire’s last phase in Africa, from 1945 to 1974, by looking at how colonial spatial practices in Guinea-Bissau contributed to both the assembling and the disassembling of empire. Grounded in original archival and field research conducted in Guinea-Bissau from 2019 to 2023, this paper asks what architectural and urban planning practices supported the fruition of a luso-tropical horizon. This involves analysing not only experts and their designs, but also how these contributed to everyday experiences of space through which Portuguese and Guineans dwelled in the luso-tropical utopia. Dwelling is here understood as both a set of architectural practices that define housing and city as well as the lived experience of urbanity. This approach enables a critical examination of how Portugal’s enduring imperial fiction was produced, managed, and lived in colonial spatialities, while also identifying the residue from colonialism that has persisted from these dwelling experiences into the present. This article, thus, expands the field of colonial architecture historiography by presenting a little-known case study which exposes architecture’s ties to governance, violence and resistance; it also assesses the political effects and residues of a colonial utopia in the present, by addressing the lived experience and agency of Guineans in architecture history.
Платформенная экономика в России: потенциал развития
Authors:   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Абдрахманова Гульнара , Гохберг Леонид ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Демьянова Анна ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Кузина Лилия ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Митькин А , Нефедова Вероника ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Орлова В , Рудник Павел ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Стрельцова Екатерина ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Сутырина Анна ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Сычев Сергей ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»
Published: November 2023

Доклад посвящен итогам комплексного исследования развития национальных цифровых платформ и экосистем в России, выполненного впервые в отечественной практике Институтом статистических исследований и экономики знаний (ИСИЭЗ) и Институтом проблем правового регулирования (ИППР) Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики» (НИУ ВШЭ) по заказу ПАО «Ростелеком». В публикации представлены оценки значимости цифровых платформ и экосистем для экономики страны, уровня их востребованности гражданами и бизнесом, рассматриваются сложившиеся практики и предложения по совершенствованию регулирования их деятельности. Доклад базируется на результатах специализированных обследований – организаций и граждан, интервью с представителями ключевых российских цифровых платформ и экосистем, материалах Рабочей группы «Цифровые экосистемы» Экспертного совета при Правительстве Российской Федерации по вопросам регулирования деятельности цифровых платформ и экосистем и других открытых источниках.
A Proposal in Search of the Form of the Theory
Authors: KOLBAY Sevda Duygu
Published: November 2023

More than just constituting the material substance of the object, structure establishes a peculiar way of transferring meaning via metaphor. In design phases, the content constructed with manifestos brings out a context by the form. Both in disciplines of art and architecture, in monument design, the link between the order of elementary geometry and the symbolic values conveyed through it becomes apparent. A monument is a structural object in which meaning, and form integrate. Monument and memorial space-themed design competitions are idea-generating processes in which this desire stands out sharply. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the semantic equivalent of a product with its form through semiotic matching of structural components in its qualitative aspects. For this purpose, the expansion of the correlation will be questioned through a monument proposal for İstanbul Senin/Design Artwork Competition Mihri Rasim (Müşfik) category. The conditions, defining the abstracted person life cycle and way of integration with life are the design layers of the monument. The next stage is aimed to establish the relationship between abstraction and the design principles. The inferences drawn include the pursuit of a conclusion on the monopoly of this hypothesis and a methodology for reading the architectonic expression of other monuments. So, it may be possible to carry the structure beyond being an object by surveying the structure in a holistic order with the theoretical base of design values.
Smartphone on the Desk: A Study of the Characteristics of Cyberloughing among Schoolchildren and Students
Authors: Sivrikova N.V. , Tatiana T.G. , Perebeinos A.E.
Published: November 2023

This study aims to research a new form of students' deviation: cyberloafing. This term refers to the use of Internet technologies during classes for non-educational purposes. Children get distracted during lessons by online or off-line activities. A sample of the study consists of students and schoolchildren from Chelyabinsk city. The study involved 233 people aged 13 to 20 years. 146 schoolchildren aged 13–15 years (42% boys and 58% girls) and 87 students aged 17–20 (40% male and 60% female) were recruited for this study. We use the cyberloafing scale proposed by Y. Akbulut (in the Russian version by N.V. Sivrikova). The results of the research demonstrate that the level of cyberloafing is quite low and correlates with participants' gender and educational level. Differences between schoolchildren and students correspond to the structure of cyberlоafing behavior.