bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismic denoising using the redundant lifting scheme
Authors: Aghayan Afshin , Jaiswal Priyank , Siahkoohi Hamid Reza
Published: May 2016

Separating linear coherent noise, such as ground roll from reflections, remains a key challenge in seismic processing. By adapting the redundant lifting scheme (RLS), a wavelet transform method, to seismic data, we have determined how the wavelet domain can be used to suppress coherent and random noise. The RLS operates on a trace-by-trace basis decomposing each time series into wavelet-coefficient (WC) time series and consequently a single gather (in a shot, receiver, or common depth point domain) into a series of WC subgathers (SGs). The decomposition changes the relative magnitude of WCs of various events (reflection, head wave, ground roll, etc.) from one SG to another without affecting their moveout. In SG(s) in which the WCs of undesired events were significantly stronger than the desired events, the WCs can be surgically muted. Selective muting in carefully chosen SGs attenuates undesired events while having minimal effects on frequency spectra of the desired events. In addition, random noise can be suppressed in the individual SGs by designing a local thresholding mechanism (we have used modified Otsu thresholding) in combination with adaptive Wiener filtering. We have developed this approach of suppressing coherent and random noise in a step-by-step manner first using a synthetic shot gather, followed by demonstration on two real gathers. Our RLS-based denoising method has minimal effects on the lower end of signal frequency spectra, and it could be a valuable tool in a processor’s toolbox when data preconditioning for advanced processing such as waveform inversion, which benefits from low frequencies, is desired.
Bisphenol A Promotes Adiposity and Inflammation in a Nonmonotonic Dose-response Way in 5-week-old Male and Female C57BL/6J Mice Fed a Low-calorie Diet
Authors: Yang Minglan , Chen Maopei , Wang Jiqiu , Xu Min , Sun Jichao , Ding Lin , Lv Xiaofei , Ma Qinyun , Bi Yufang , Liu Ruixin , Hong Jie , Ning Guang
Published: May 2016

A growing body of epidemiological research show that Bisphenol A (BPA) is positively correlated with obesity and metabolic disorders. However, the mechanisms of BPA on adiposity remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that 5-week-old male and female C57BL/6J mice exposed to four dosages of BPA (5, 50, 500, and 5000 μg/kg/d) by oral intake for 30 days showed significantly increased body weight and fat mass in a nonmonotonic dose-dependent manner when fed a chow diet. The effect occurred even at the lowest concentration (5μg/kg/d), lower than the tolerable daily intake of 50 μg/kg/day for BPA. However, no significant difference in body weight and fat mass was observed in either male or female mice fed a high-fat diet, suggesting that BPA may interact with diet in promoting obesity risk. In vitro study showed that BPA treatment drives the differentiation of white adipocyte progenitors from the stromal vascular fraction, partially through glucocorticoid receptor. BPA exposure increased circulating inflammatory factors and the local inflammation in white adipose tissues in both genders fed a chow diet, but not under high-fat diet. We further found that BPA concentration was associated with increased circulating inflammatory factors, including leptin and TNFα, in lean female subjects (body mass index < 23.0 kg/m2) but not in lean male subjects or in both sexes of overweight/obese subjects (body mass index > 25.0 kg/m2). In conclusion, we demonstrated the nonmonotonic dose effects of BPA on adiposity and chronic inflammation in 5-week-old mice, which is related to caloric uptake.
ECG of the month
Authors: Regan Martin
Published: May 2016

Martin Regan presents an ECG for you to analyse
Young people living with mental illness: Managing parental involvement
Authors: Lu Belinda T , Honey Anne
Published: May 2016

Background/Aims:

Parents can be an important source of support for young people living with mental illness. Young people have the potential to shape this support to best suit their needs, however little is known about this issue. This paper explores, from the perspectives of young people, how they manage parental support and involvement.

Methods:

Interviews were conducted with 26 young people (15–24 years old) who were living with mental illness and in frequent contact with at least one parent. These were analysed using constant comparative analysis.

Findings:

Young people reported shaping parental involvement using a combination of facilitation, compliance and resistance. Their actions were determined by a complex alignment of their wish for parent involvement, perceived potential to influence their parents, and ability to communicate their needs.

Conclusions:

By understanding these dynamics, therapists working with young people and their parents can help address barriers to achieving optimal parent support for young people experiencing mental illness.
A review and reflection on the visual rehabilitation progress of an older person following cataract surgery 2 years on
Authors: Williamson Swapna , Seewoodhary Ramesh
Published: May 2016

Background/Aims:

Cataract surgery and vision improvement play a key role in older people rehabilitation in enhancing their quality of life and promoting independence. This article describes the difficulties of an older female patient with severely reduced vision in both eyes, which impacted in every aspect of her life. Improved vision and support from healthcare practitioners and family members make a positive patient experience. The use of a diary to monitor daily activities has been found to be therapeutic and motivating for the patients as well as providing good learning points for health care practitioners when reviewing patients' progress.
Encouraging patients with COPD to stop smoking
Authors: Attar-Zadeh Darush
Published: May 2016

Smoking or exposure to tobacco smoke is a common risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation and should be discussed at every opportunity. Darush Attar-Zadeh provides practical tips for practice nurses

Exacerbations are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exacerbations result in impaired function, decreased quality of life, and increased use of health care. Smoking or exposure to smoke (passive smoking) is a commonly encountered risk factor. Smoking cessation should be encouraged by practice nurses at every opportunity. This article provides tips for having these conversations with people with COPD and advice on how to communicate in a patient-centred manner.
Managing acne vulgaris in the primary care setting
Authors: Croney Stacey
Published: May 2016

Acne vulgaris is a skin condition that is commonly seen in primary care. Stacey Croney provides an overview of the pathogenesis, presentation, assessment and management of this potentially distressing condition

Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that typically starts around puberty. The condition tends to peak in adolescence but in some cases can continue into adulthood. Acne is a disorder of pilosebaceous units and is caused primarily by increased sebum secretion and plugging of follicles. The bacterium Propionibacterium acnes is also associated with the condition. Acne is most commonly found on the face, chest and back—areas where there are more sebaceous glands. A careful assessment should take place at each visit and the psychological impact should also be considered. A variety of treatments are available—both topical and systemic. The type of lesions a patient has should be considered in order to determine the most suitable treatment.
Cancer as a long-term condition: How practice nurses can help
Authors: Donaldson Clare
Published: May 2016

As more and more people are living with and beyond cancer every year, it can be considered as a long-term condition. Clare Donaldson discusses the role practice nurses can play in helping patients to manage their condition
Developing innovation in primary care
Authors: Millard Kirsty
Published: May 2016

Kirsty Millard is a practice nurse in Solihull who is passionate about innovation in primary care, and getting nurses to shout from the rooftops about the fantastic work they do
(Im)Possibility and (in)visibility: Arguing against ‘just happens to be’ in Young Adult literature
Authors: Bittner Robert
Published: May 2016

Examining a selection of Young Adult (YA) novels through lenses of visibility, recognition and otherness, and looking at the historical progression of queer YA literature as documented by Michael Cart and Christine Jenkins, this article looks to better understand the (im)possibility of ‘just happening to be’ in literature for young readers. Online conversations, academic discussions and articles have called for more YA literature in which characters ‘just happen to be gay’, but such an expectation is troubled by the existence of an already well-established idea of normal, thus requiring a coming-out moment that negates a notion of just happening to be. The author seeks to trouble the connection between these expectations of characters who just happen to be gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgender, and what is possible within the realm of fiction and written text.
A New Queer Cinema renaissance
Authors: Richards Stuart
Published: May 2016

This article argues that we are currently experiencing a renaissance of New Queer Cinema (NQC). The original NQC occurred in the early 1990s, which saw a wave of queer films that were successful on the mainstream international film festival circuit, at venues such as Cannes and Sundance. Queer film scholars, such as Michele Aaron and B. Ruby Rich, have argued that films like Paris is Burning (Livingston, 1991), Poison (Haynes, 1991) and Swoon (Kalin, 1992) were united by their sense of defiance. They represented the marginalized within the contemporary LGBT communities. This article looks at recent films such as Weekend (Haigh, 2011), Stranger by the Lake (Guiraudie, 2013), Appropriate Behaviour (Akhavan, 2014), Pariah (Rees, 2011) and the work of Xavier Dolan as being successful queer-themed films that meet the criteria outlined by scholars of NQC. Their success will be determined by their representation in both queer and non-queer film festival circuits and beyond. They respond to the state of contemporary independent cinema and utilize film form to allow for the accessibility of their queer characters. In their own way, they are defiant against mainstream queer representations and demonstrate a resurgence of films that service a community that is in need of queer intellectual stimulation.
Classic Media Reviews
Authors: Hart Kylo-Patrick R. , Pugh Tison
Published: May 2016

THE MYSTERIES OF PITTSBURGH, DIRECTED BY RAWSON MARSHALL THURBER (2008) Los Angeles: Groundswell Productions

BEAT THE DEVIL, DIRECTED BY JOHN HUSTON, SCREENPLAY BY TRUMAN CAPOTE, STARRING HUMPHREY BOGART (1953) Los Angeles: Santana Pictures
Villa et castiello de Ella (Elda, Alicante) en el siglo XIII
Authors: Poveda Navarro Antonio Manuel
Published: May 2016

Con este título presentamos un trabajo que pretende ser una aproximación histórica de una población medieval, Ella (Elda), que testimonie el tipo de vicisitudes derivadas de la situación de una villa medieval en una zona de camino-frontera, como lo era el valle del río Vinalopó donde se ubica Elda. Desde la prehistoria este valle era una ruta natural de primera magnitud, la vía Hercúlea, denominada Augusta con los romanos. Tal ruta por su naturaleza fronteriza pudo ser fortificada con los visigodos y los bizantinos. Esta fortificación fue luego consolidada por los musulmanes, que construyeron una cadena de castillos o fortalezas en el valle del Vinalopó. Esta frontera perduró hasta 1366, año de la división del Reino de Valencia en las gobernaciones de Ultra y Citra Xaxonam. La importancia de dicha ruta, la mejor para penetrar desde el mar hacia la Meseta y Valencia, convirtió a una población ubicada en esa ruta en un lugar muy vulnerable a las circunstancias que afectasen a tal vía de comunicaciones. Precisamente en el siglo XIII se dieron unas circunstancias que condicionaron la evolución de la villa de Elda (punto obligado de una ruta que todavía hoy está en vigor) y que son el objeto de estudio de este trabajo.
Lo marginal y lo público en Orihuela a través de la accción punitiva del justicia criminal: 1416-1458
Authors: Barrio Barrio Juan Antonio
Published: May 2016

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una tipificación de la actuación punitiva del justicia criminal de Orihuela durante la primera mitad del siglo XV, utilizando como principal fuente de información los libros de multas conservados en el Archivo del reino de Valencia y las actas Municipales del período estudiado, junto a documentación de la Cancillería Real, situando estas actuaciones en el contexto general del reino de Valencia en el período estudiado.
Jaime II y la «constitución» de la corona de Aragón
Authors: Francisco Olmos José María de
Published: May 2016

Durante mucho tiempo, la figura de Jaime II en sus aspectos constitucionales ha sido ensombrecida por la de su nieto, Pedro IV el Ceremonioso, al que tradicionalmente se atribuyen muchas de las modificaciones constitucionales que en realidad pertenecen por derecho a Jaime II. Veremos brevemente como el rey acepta y consolida el «pacto» con el reino que se realiza mediante las ceremonias de coronación, como se intentará mitificar la figura del rey y la dinastía, y por fin la manera de asegurar la sucesión y consolidar la figura del primogénito dentro de la administración de la Corona, hecho trascendental en el que nos detendremos con mayor amplitud.
Municipio y monarquía en la Cataluña bajomedieval
Authors: Sabaté i Curull Flocel
Published: May 2016

En la Cataluña bajomedieval, la proyección de los intereses de la cúpulas urbanas sobre la región, mediante la acaparación de propiedades y rendas, se ve amenazada por una política regia que comporta la cesión del ejercicio jurisdiccional al poder baronial y que obstruye la labor judicial con la facilidad para expedir licencias y remisiones. Ante esta situación, las cúpulas municipales tratarán de afinzar y extender una jurisdicción real no identificada con la voluntad del monarca sino con una base jurídica homogénea para toda la región de influencia de cada municipio. Al mismo tiempo, pretenden imprimir una elevada incidencia política que conlleva una determinada visión conjunta de Cataluña.
Prácticas del conde y formación del Feudalismo: siglos VIII a XI
Authors: Astarita Carlos
Published: May 2016

Con documentación de distinta procedencia se elabora un modelo sobre evolución de las relaciones entre los condes y los campesinos en el área norte castellano leonesa, entre los siglos VIII y XI. El conde imponía rentas de manera gradual en base a una reformulación de antiguas costumbres, transformando relaciones de reciprocidad en relaciones de extracción de trabajo. Con este marco se estudia la documentación de Santa María de las Dueñas, donde se ve la acción condal, hacia el año mil, sujeta a principios similares a los que surgen del modelo general. El conde se sumergía en la lógica campesina adoptando una conducta calculada y constructiva, en tanto regulaba las relaciones entre las unidades de producción, pero al mismo tiempo modificaba la estructura absorbiendo propiedades e introduciendo vínculos de subordinación. Esta visión se acerca a la tesis de la mutación feudal al otorgar prioridad al poder político como medio de formación del señorío, pero se aleja de esta tesis al establecer que no se dio un cambio súbito y regionalmente sincrónico por violenta imposición ex nihilo de nuevas costumbres. Con estas prácticas, el conde se convertía en señor feudal.
Mujeres religiosas: beatas y beguinas en la Edad Media. Textos satíricos y misóginos
Authors: Santonja Pedro
Published: May 2016

Algunas mujeres para tratar de escapar de la presión familiar y social que se ejercía por parte de la sociedad medieval buscaron formar parte de la esfera religiosa integrándose en conventos y monasterios. Las beatas y beguinas tendrán una consideración negativa en la literatura hispánica y europea medieval como se refleja en este trabajo a través de la descripción y análisis de diferentes pasajes y obras literarias.
Comercio musulmán versus comercio cristiano: la actividad de los mercaderes mudéjares y la producción de las aljamas sarracenas. Valencia, primera mitad del siglo XIV
Authors: Soler Milla Juan Leonardo
Published: May 2016

El trabajo que se presenta corresponde a un análisis del peso de la economía musulmana en la articulación comercial valenciana durante la primera mitad del siglo XIV. Para ello se examinan dos procesos fundamentales, la funcionalidad de los mercaderes y comerciantes mudéjares en las redes de comercio mediterráneo y en el mercado de la ciudad de Valencia, así como la importancia de la producción agrícola andalusí, fundamentalmente de las comarcas de la Marina, para los hombres de negocio cristianos quienes concentran, acaparan y distribuyen estos productos enrolándolos en las rutas mercantiles internacionales.
Estudio de la producción y comercialización de la cerámica bajomedieval entre los reinos de Aragón y Valencia
Authors: Villanueva Morte Concepción
Published: May 2016

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis sobre el desarrollo que la actividad alfarera manifestó en el contexto socio-económico bajomedieval de los dos reinos peninsulares de la Corona de Aragón. Para ello se hace un breve repaso por la producción y tradición manufacturera del barro en Valencia y Aragón, así como por los intercambios y transferencias de materiales (tanto cerámicos como de elementos de construcción) favorecidos entre ambos territorios a través del estudio de los canales, redes y ámbitos comerciales surgidos en torno al espacio fronterizo que los separa, y principalmente en la aduana aragonesa de Barracas de los Jaqueses a mediados del siglo XV, ahondando en los protagonistas que fueron sujeto de su comercialización y en las condiciones de transporte y precios de venta.
Los judíos valencianos, el mercado y las rutas mercantiles en el Mediterráneo bajomedieval
Authors: Soler Milla Juan Leonardo
Published: May 2016

Este trabajo constituye una breve aproximación a la actividad mercantil judía valenciana durante los siglos bajomedievales. Para ello se ha realizado un breve repaso sobre la funcionalidad del grupo mercantil judío en las redes de comercio internacional mediterráneas, comparando su protagonismo con los mercaderes cristianos pero sobre todo como la comunidad musulmana, y también su peso en la expansión mercantil del reino de Valencia.
Los judeoconversos en la frontera sur del reino de Valencia (ss. XIV-XV)
Authors: Barrio Barrio Juan Antonio
Published: May 2016

La evolución de los judeoconversos en la Península Ibérica desde la conversión masiva de 1391 hasta la introducción y actuación de la Inquisición a finales del siglo XV, esta asociada al devenir de las sociedades urbanas hispánicas en el Cuatrocientos. En este artículo planteamos una serie de reflexiones de partida sobre la inserción de los judeoconversos en la Península Ibérica en el mundo urbano y trasladamos estas cuestiones a un observatorio específico, la ciudad de Orihuela, un centro urbano fronterizo del sur del reino de Valencia.
El naixement de l'impost del morabatí al regne de València (1265-1266)
Authors: Baydal Sala Vicent
Published: May 2016

La instauració del monedatge o morabatí, l'impost pagat per a assegurar l'estabilitat de la moneda real, té un origen concret en el regne de València que no ha sigut destacat fins al moment: el finançament de la campanya militar duta a terme per Jaume I entre 1265 i 1266 contra els andalusíes revoltats en el regne castellà de Múrcia. A més, l'anàlisi de l'impost sobre la moneda en el conjunt de la Corona d'Aragó indica que la seua implantació territorial va estar estretament lligada al procés d'extensió del poder de la monarquia feudal a través de la guerra i de la negociació amb els estaments de cada regne.
Operadores económicos y espacios de comercio en el Mediterráneo occidental (siglos XIII-XV)
Authors: Igual Luis David
Published: May 2016

El artículo comienza resumiendo lo que son las características principales del comercio del Mediterráneo occidental entre los siglos XIII y XV, con especial atención a la evolución cronológica global y a sus aspectos estructurales o de fondo. Continúa analizando algunas cuestiones historiográficas y de cómo se ha desarrollado y transformado la percepción del comercio como asunto de investigación. Y termina con la observación más detallada que está actualmente en la base de muchos trabajos sobre el mundo mercantil: es la realidad del comercio local y sus posibles conexiones con otras categorías de intercambio.
Poderes locales, monarquía y propiedad comunal en los concejos de realengo castellanos, bajomedievales
Authors: Luchía Corina
Published: May 2016

En este trabajo se indaga acerca de las diferentes estrategias que los poderes políticos desarrollan en torno de la cuestión de los términos comunales en los siglos bajomedievales en el ámbito concejil de realengo castellano. Tanto las oligarquías villanas como la propia monarquía elaboran diversas políticas que en una primera aproximación pueden resultar ambivalentes e incluso contradictorias. Desde la protección y defensa de estos campos colectivos, hasta su cerramiento y privatización, las diversas medidas forman parte de un entramado que sólo puede ser comprendido dentro de las determinaciones que imponen las relaciones sociales y económicas concretas que se establecen en cada concejo en particular, respondiendo al singular balance de fuerzas entre los poderes locales y el vértice superior del reino, expresado en el Soberano y los distintos órganos de gobierno real.
Gil Sánchez Muñoz (1370-1447), el antipapa Clemente VIII: documentación inédita de los archivos de Teruel
Authors: Navarro Espinach Germán , Villanueva Morte Concepción
Published: May 2016

Gil Sánchez Muñoz constituye un personaje histórico extraordinario dentro de las elites económicas de la Corona de Aragón por la multiplicidad de cargos y funciones que copó desde fines del siglo XIV hasta mediados del siglo XV. En estas líneas se analiza minuciosamente sus estrategias y formación social, su carrera eclesiástica, su papel en el pontificado en Peñíscola y obispado de Mallorca. Como colofón se publica una documentación inédita, memorial de bienes y donación de reliquias de este individuo.
Los vocablos «sarracenus» vs «maurus» en las cartas puebla valencianas
Authors: Ortuño Arregui Manuel
Published: May 2016

Estudio comparativo del uso y significado de los vocablos latinos sarracenus y maurus en las cartas puebla del Reino de Valencia (siglos XIII-XIV).
Legitimando la dominación en la Cuenca del siglo XV: la transformación de los intereses particulares a través de la definición del bien común
Authors: Jara Fuente José Antonio
Published: May 2016

En la Edad Media (quizás habría que añadir que lo mismo que en cualquier otra época), las políticas de comunidad no fueron ni exclusiva ni esencialmente el producto de la acción directa de los dominados sino la respuesta de los dominantes a la discusión de las posiciones privilegiadas de poder que ocupaban. Evidentemente, con esta afirmación no se pretende negar la capacidad de acción de los dominados sino poner de manifiesto la implicación, y las causas de esta implicación, de los dominantes en un marco político de actuación tipo «bien común». Así, abrazar políticas de comunidad o de bien común fue, para los dominantes, una estrategia más en el proceso de consolidación tanto de la dominación en general como de su específica participación en ella. En este trabajo, me centraré en el análisis del modo en el que el corazón de la clase dominante de Cuenca, los regidores, auspició actuaciones políticas de «bien común», transformando así la percepción que de su gestión (política y de poder) podía tener el conjunto de la comunidad.
A construção da identidade urbana no século XIII: o caso do Sul de Portugal
Authors: Vilar Hermínia Vasconcelos
Published: May 2016

Conquistado entre a segunda metade do século XII e o final da primeira metade de Duzentos o Sul de Portugal e a rede de centros urbanos aí existente protagonizaram processos próprios de construção de discursos identitários e de consagração politica de determinados grupos sociais. A partir de um núcleo diferenciado de fontes no interior do qual se articulam as representações figurativas utilizadas por alguns dos concelhos urbanos do Sul de Portugal, como é o caso dos selos e os primeiros textos legislativos produzidos para ou no interior destas localidades, como é o caso dos forais e dos usos e costumes, procuramos traçar as linhas orientadoras dos discursos identitários construídos neste período e identificar alguns dos seus responsáveis. Neste contexto torna-se visível o domínio da guerra como argumento legitimador de uma estrutura social desigual e de elemento básico na construção de uma identidade local em especial num contexto cronológico mais recuado, ao mesmo tempo que se define uma evolução desse discurso no sentido da valorização dos critérios económicos e de legitimação do domínio de determinados grupos sociais.
Conservação de rosas ‘carola’ utilizando substâncias com potencial biocida
Authors: Bastos Fernanda Espíndola Assumpção , Stanger Mayara Cristiana , Allebrandt Ricardo , Steffens Cristiano André , Kretzschmar Aike Anneliese , Rufato Leo
Published: May 2016

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of different preservative solutions on maintaining postharvest quality of red roses cultivar ‘Carola’. The treatments evaluated in both experiments were five preservative solutions: (S) sucrose (1%) (SAC) sucrose (1%) + citric acid (0.2 g L-1), (SACH) sucrose (1 %) + citric acid (0.2 g L-1) + sodium hypochlorite (1%) (SACA) sucrose (1%) + citric acid (0.2 g L-1) + rosemary oil (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) (100 uL L-1), (SACG) sucrose (1%) + citric acid (0.2 g L-1) + Oil Ginger (Zingiber officinale) (100 uL L-1). In the first experiment the rods were maintained for 10 days in refrigerator at 3 ± 1 °C and in the second experiment were maintained for five days in refrigerator (3 ± 1 °C) and five days at ambient conditions (19 ± 1 °C) . The variables evaluated were swelling, curvature of the floral stalk, browning petals, floral opening and colored petals, in both experiments, and coloring of the petals in the second experiment. The evaluations were performed every two days during the storage period in experiment 1, and daily during the shelf period in experiment 2. The experimental design in both experiments was a randomized complete block design with four replications and two branches each. In the first experiment, the use of sucrose was shown to be as effective as the other preservative solutions, preserving the roses up to 10 days in cold storage at 3 ± 1° C. In the second experiment, for the solution containing sucrose alone, the use of sodium hypochlorite, rosemary oil, and ginger oil showed the best results in maintaining the quality of the rods, and essential oils gave better preservation of roses.
A two-phase model for the aqueous outflow through the trabecular meshwork
Authors: Avtar Ram , Srivastava Swati
Published: May 2016

A two-phase steady-state model for the percolation of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork (TM) in eye has been developed. The model treats the meshwork as an annular porous cylinder comprised of two concentric rings that represent the uveal-corneoscleral meshwork and juxtacanalicular meshwork. Both the rings are assumed to be made up of homogeneous, isotropic, viscoelastic material swollen with continuously flowing aqueous humor through the tissue with different structural properties. The model incorporates a strain-dependent permeability function. An analytical solution to the mathematical model has been obtained and the expressions for the displacement and fluid pressure distributions have been derived. The computational results for the displacement in solid phase, the fluid pressure distribution and the dilatation of the ocular tissue material have been presented through the graphs. The effects of structural model parameters on the displacement and the dilatation have also been investigated.
A Complete Mathematical Model to Study the Characteristics of an Arbitrary Geometry LiNbO3 Structure for a High-Speed Mach–Zehnder Modulator for RADAR Applications
Authors: Raghuwanshi Sanjeev Kumar , Singh Mandeep , Sharma Reena
Published: May 2016

In graded index fiber, some degree of ellipticity is found. So it is important to study the effect which is little bit different from circularity. With the help of a new method illustrated in this paper, the core fields in case of non-circular profile can be written in a more simple way. The convenient feature of this method is that mode patterns can be found by simple analysis of algebraic equations. Ray path propagations in graded non-circular fibers were already studied by researchers. However, we provide the analysis of mode field using Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) method. In our analysis, the core fields of step index fibers are considered assuming the elliptical core-cladding interface followed by the limiting cases with focus approaches to infinity and focus approaches to zero. Finally, modes for parabolic profile with circular refractive index are discussed with the concept of bounded and leaky modes. The convenient feature of this method is that mode patterns can be analytically studied. In this paper, the main focus is also on the experimental characteristic of optical communication link and of their components. We give an introduction to optical fiber systems and various phenomena related to it. The phenomena of attenuation and dispersion are discussed elaborately and details are provided through experimental observation and verification. All the details about various topics mentioned above are concluded and verified through experiments. This type of an arbitrary optical waveguide structure has a vast application in microwave engineering where the high-speed Mach–Zehnder modulator is going to deployed.
Colour Stability of Natural Adhesives – Light Ageing of Adhesive Films and Colour Changes of Pigment Layers after Aerosol Application
Authors: Pataki-Hundt Andrea , Hummert Eva
Published: May 2016

Two aspects of consolidation of powdery paint layers are discussed in this paper: First, the colour stability of different consolidation media including cellulose and protein based materials was evaluated. Film sheet samples of the adhesives were exposed to a Xenontester for 276 hours to reach Blue Wool Standard 7. Light exposure caused loss of colour rather than yellowing in most adhesives which correlates to microfading tests. Secondly, colour changes of the pigment layer during application of consolidation media with an aerosol generator were examined. Any shift of colour results in a change of surface structure rather than a detectable shift seen in the ΔE*
Prestimulus Theta Oscillations and Connectivity Modulate Pain Perception
Authors: Taesler Philipp , Rose Michael
Published: May 2016

The perception of pain is strongly influenced by cognitive processes, such as expectations toward the efficacy of pain medication. It is reasonable to assume that such processes, among other sources of fluctuation, are reflected in ongoing brain activity, which in turn influences perceptual processing. To identify specific prestimulus EEG activity, and connectivity patterns related to subsequent pain perception in humans, we contrasted painful with nonpainful sensations delivered at the individual threshold level determined by the psychophysical QUEST estimation method (Watson and Pelli, 1983). The 64-channel EEG was recorded using active electrodes during a constant stimulation procedure. The power contrast between trials sorted by rating revealed a signal decrease of 8% before stimulus onset in theta-band (4–7 Hz) at T7/FT7 as well as increased theta-power by 6% at T8/FT8. Gamma-band power was increased (12%, 28–32 Hz) at frontocentral sites (allp< 0.05). Changes in theta-band power are covarying with subsequent pain perception, as well as lowered frontolateral theta-band connectivity for painful percepts. A decrease in frontoparietal connectivity for painful sensations was also identified in the gamma-band (28–32 Hz). A single-trial logistic regression revealed significant information content in the EEG signal at temporal electrode T7 in theta-band (p< 0.01) and frontal electrode F1 in gamma-band (allp< 0.02). The observed patterns suggest top-down modulation of the theta-band effects by a frontocentral network node. These findings contribute to the understanding of ongoing subjective pain sensitivity, potentially relevant to both clinical diagnostics and pain management.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe perceived intensity of a constant stimulus is known to vary considerably across multiple presentations. Here, we used state-of-the-art psychophysical methods in an EEG experiment to identify the specific neuronal activity before stimulus onset that reflects the subsequent perception of pain. We found specific oscillatory activity at the bilateral insular cortices as well as connectivity patterns that reflect and correlate with subsequent ratings. These results further the understanding of pain perception and are potentially relevant for the decoding of ongoing pain sensitivity and pain management.
Mona Lisa’s Mysterious Smile
Authors: Faxneld Per
Published: May 2016

The article discusses the view, held by many nineteenth-century authors, of Leonardo da Vinci as an esotericist, and his La Gioconda as mysterious, sinister and filled with hidden signs. This “esoterization” of the painting and its creator was part of a broader tendency to view artists, both historical and contemporary, as magicians and mystics in some sense. Hereby, art became integrated into the endeavors of various esoteric groups and thinkers, and an originally secular Renaissance work was absorbed into a nineteenth-century “occulture” or “cultic milieu.”
Rose Cross, Saturn’s Menagerie and the Coal Mines of Silesia
Authors: Hess Karolina Maria , Dulska Małgorzata Alicja
Published: May 2016

This article analyzes the artistic visions of Teofil Ociepka, an overground mine worker known as one of the Polish Naïve Art painters. The artist, who was strongly influenced by aspects of Western Esotericism, was the initiator and most prominent member of a Silesian occultist circle of painters called the Janowska Group. He believed that his artistic talent was given to him as an esoteric gift to use as a practice for self-development. Very colorful and uncommon visions of this and other worlds brought his artistic works popularity. His insight into the miners’ subterranean work, which can be understood as a kind of alchemical process, in combination with his extraterrestrial and celestial images produced a unique and inspiring collection of paintings. The article traces the esoteric inspirations in Ociepka’s painting in various periods of his career.
Spatial heterogeneity of physical properties of the soils in Ukraine
Authors: Medvedev V. , Plysko I.
Published: May 2016

Aim. To investigate structural composition (lumpiness), bulk density and penetration resistance in soils of Polissia, Forest-Steppe and Steppe. Methods. The experimental plots were allocated on the fi elds in a regular network. The measurements performed before harvesting testifi ed to an equilibrium condition of soil physi- cal properties. The data ware processed by the geostatistical method. Results. The key parameters of spatial heterogeneity (variation factors, histograms, autocorrelation function, variogrammes, 2-D and 3-D diagrams, etc.) were received. The heterogeneity of physical properties, revealed in all soils, is characterized by moderate and increased values. As a result the investigated fi elds were divided into three agrotechnological groups by qualitative parameters of their physical properties. Conclusions. The recommendations on pre-sowing or basic tillage of various intensity – without tillage (if parameters are close to the requirements of the sown culture), with moderate tillage of zone
type (if parameters are close to modal values) and with tillage of the enhanced intensity (if parameters are unsatisfactory and more intensive pre-sowing tillage is required) were formulated for each group.
The theory of longitudinal vibrations of a conical elastic body in an elastic medium
Authors: Bulgakov V. , Adamchuk V. , Holovach I. , Orszaghova D.
Published: May 2016

Aim. To elaborate the theory of longitudinal vibrations of a solid elastic body with one fi xed end in the elastic medium. The example of such a body may be found in a sugar beet root in soil, the latter being elastic medium. Methods. The principle of stationary action of Ostrogradsky-Hamilton and the Ritz method were applied in the work. Results. The Ritz method was applied to obtain the Ritz frequency equation for the oscillating process under investigation. The analytic expressions were defi ned to determine the fi rst and second eigenfrequencies of vibration and the amplitude of constrained vibrations of any of its cross-sections. The values of the fi rst and second eigenfrequencies of the elastic body under investigation with specifi c geometric and physical pa- rameters were found. The dependency diagrams for the fi rst and second eigenfrequencies on the coeffi cient of elastic contraction of soil as the elastic medium, and the dependency diagrams for the amplitude of constrained oscillations of the
mentioned body on the coeffi cient c of elastic deformation of soil and the distance of the cross-section of the body from the conditional point of fi xation were drawn. The dependency diagrams for the amplitude of constrained oscillations of the elastic body on the change in the amplitude and the frequency of perturbing force were obtained. Conclusions. The impossibility of resonance occurrence was substantiated as the frequency of the perturbing force cannot equal the frequency of eigenvibrations of the elastic body due to technological and technical reasons. It was proven that the breaking of the elastic body is impossible with lon- gitudinal deformations due to the shortness of the amplitude of longitudinal vibrations of the mentioned body.
Quantification of trace elements Fe, Zn, Mn, Se in hull-less barley grain
Authors: Polishchuk S. , Kyrdohlo E. , Mykhalska L. , Morgun B. , Pokhylko S. , Rybalka О. , Schwartau V.
Published: May 2016

Aim. To explore the content of trace elements (TE), most valuable for human health – iron, zinc, manganese and selenium – in cultivars and breeding lines of hull-less barley, and to check the impact of abiotic environ- mental factors on TE accumulation in the grain of Achilles cultivar. Methods. Trace elements content was measured using ICP-MS Agilent 7700x. Results. The content of vital TE was determined in 26 samples of hull-less barley grain. The increased concentration of TE was observed in the samples with brown, blue and black caryopsis. The absence of dependence between abiotic environmental factors and TE accumulation was demonstrated using Achilles cultivar, presented by six different repeats. The correlation between the content of protein and that of iron in grain was established. Conclusions. White grain barley cultivars and lines are infe- rior in the content of Fe, Zn, Mn, and Se comparing to genotypes with brown, blue or black grain. The presence or absence of a fi lm on a hull-less barley
grain has almost no impact on the amount of TE, which, as expected, are located in the aleurone layer and the germ of caryopsis. It was proven that the content of Fe, Zn, Mn in the Achilles grain almost did not change regardless of abiotic environmental factors. A high correlation, r = 0.87, Р > 0.05−0.001, was found between the content of protein and Fe in grain.
Genetic structure of ukrainian large white pigs, estimated using mitochondrial DNA-markers
Authors: Pocherniayev K.
Published: May 2016

Aim. To study the genetic structure of Ukrainian Large White pigs using mitochondrial DNA-markers. Methods. Multiplex PCR-AFLP analysis, remarkable for the investigation of D-loop fragment between posi- tions 15531 and 15959 of the pig mitochondrial genome with one monomorphic 15558W and fi ve polymorphic sites TasI 15580T > C, 15616T > C, 15714T > C, 15758T > C, 15916A > T, was used. The presence or absence of site TasI in the abovementioned positions determines mitochondrial DNA haplotypes, indicated with Latin letters from A to P. Results. Seven mitochondrial DNA haplotypes of different frequency were revealed among Ukrainian Large White pigs. The highest frequency was noted for haplotypes G (0.141), J1 (0.133) and N (0.591), previously described for wild pigs of Belgium, France, Italy (G); wild pigs of Japan and China, Meis- han and Large White breeds (J1) and wild pigs of Japan and China, Berkshire and Large White breeds (N). The frequency for haplotype L (Belgian wild pig and Large White) is 0.022; haplotype A (French wild boar, Mangalica, Duroc) − 0.003; haplotype C (wild pig of France, Belgium, Poland, Israel and Landrace, Welsh breeds) − 0.092. Haplotype B1 (0.019) was revealed in Myrgorod breed, Poltava Meat and Red White Belted breeds, bred on its basis. Conclusions. The haplogroup of mitochondrial DNA of Ukrainian Large White pigs includes seven haplotypes of mitochondrial DNA. Pigs with haplotypes G, J1, N and L may be referred to rep- resentatives of Ukrainian Large White pigs, which did not have introgression of maternal line of other breeds.
Study of Hanoi and HoChiMinh Stock Exchange by Econophysics Methods
Authors: Anh Chu Thuy , Lien Dao Hong , Lan Nguyen Tri , Viet Nguyen Ai
Published: May 2016

The econophysics methods are used to study the financial fluctuation of Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX) and Hochiminh Stock Exchange (HSX) in comparison to Dow John Industrial Average's one. The study has been made both on panic period (2007-2008) and on normal time of theses stocks. The results point out that for the period under consideration, the distribution of returns tends to be Student distribution. There exists an analogy between non-equilibrium phase transitions and financial market movement. Thus it is hypothesized that financial markets undergo self-organizing when the external volatility perception rises above some critical value, the distribution of signs of returns is to be similar to a second order phase transition. The results obtained by econophysics method have quite good agreement with the ones obtained by other economy analyzation methods.
The 3-3-1 Models in Current Particle Physics
Authors: Dong Phung Van
Published: May 2016

We review the main contribution of the Division for Theoretical Particle Physics at the  Institute ofPhysics, VAST  in building the models based on \(\text{SU}(3)_C\otimes \text{SU}(3)_L \otimes \text{U}(1)_X\)  gauge unification.
Conductivity in Half-filled Ionic Hubbard Model
Authors: Tung Nguyen Danh , Tuan Hoang Anh
Published: May 2016

We calculate the temperature dependent conductivity in the half-filled ionic Hubbard model with an on-site Coulomb repulsion $U$ and an ionic energy $\Delta$ by mean of the coherent potential approximation. It is shown that for intermediate and large \(\Delta\) the largest conductivity occurs near the special value \(U = 2 \Delta\) at all temperatures \(T\), for a fixed \(\Delta\) the region of finite conductivity \([U_{c1}, U_{c2}]\) expands and its maximum decreases with increasing \(T\). Our results are in good agreement with those derived from the determinant quantum Monte Carlo simulation.
Time Resolved TDLAS Investigation of Pre-ionization Effect in Dual HiPIMS Discharges
Authors: Tan Nguyen Van , Tung Do Hoang , Hipler Rainer
Published: May 2016

Time-resolved measurements have been performed during dual High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (dual-HiPIMS) with two cathodes in a closed magnetic field configuration. The dual-HiPIMS system, operated at a repetition frequency f = 100 Hz and duty cycle of 1\%, was equipped with two different metallic targets (Ti, Cu). Pre-ionization effect of the Ti pulse on the Cu pulse was investigated through argon excited atom density and temperature by means of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. We observed an enhancement of metastable density due to pre-ionization effect. It is shown that the peak density in the Cu pulse increases about 30\% for the case of 15$\mu $s delay then decrease as the delay was prolonged. The effect displays even stronger in the peak density in the afterglow, as well as in the atom temperature behavior. Although metastable atoms are abundantly available in post-discharge, they play minor role in the ignition of the subsequence pulse.
Numerical Investigations of Laser Diode End-pumped Solid-state Cr\(^{3+}\):LiSAF Lasers Passively Q-switched with Cr\(^{4+}\):YSO Crystal
Authors: Hao Nguyen Van , Minh Pham Hong , Duong Pham Van , Hung Nguyen Dai , Binh Nguyen The
Published: May 2016

We have numerically investigated, for the first time, the optical performance and characteristics of diode-end-pumped passively Cr\(^{4+}\):YSO Q-switched solid-state Cr\(^{3 + }\):LiSAF lasers using a rate equation system extended to multi-wavelength. Homogeneously broadened emission spectra of the laser crystal and broad absorption spectra of Cr\(^{4+}\):YSO saturable absorber have been respected in the investigation. A tunable passively Q-switched laser operation is also developed with a birefringent filter plate used as an intracavity selective element. As a result, improved understanding of passively Q-switched Cr\(^{4+}\):YSO solid-state Cr\(^{3+}\):LiSAF lasers has been obtained in broadband and tunable laser operations. Characteristics of the tunable passively Q-switched Cr\(^{3 + }\):LiSAF laser were demonstrated to be clearly dependent on wavelength. The spectro-temporal evolution of a single pulse emitted from the passively Q-switched Cr\(^{3 + }\):LiSAF laser has been reported.
Possibility of Generation and Amplification to High Power of Ultraviolet Ce:LiCAF Laser Short Pulses
Authors: Minh Pham Hong , Duong Pham Van , Thong Pham Huy , Khanh Do Quoc , Hung Nguyen Dai , Sarukura Nobuhiko
Published: May 2016

We review the recent progresses in generation and amplification of ultraviolet laser emissions using Ce$^{3 + }$:LiCaAlF$_{6}$ (Ce:LiCAF) material as a gain medium. Basing on comparative studies, we have investigated improvements and proposed possibilities to generate and amplify ultraviolet short-pulse Ce:LiCAF laser emission to high peak power of terawatt.
Design and Development of the Folded 4-Mirror Resonators for Diode End-pumped Solid-State Cr:LiSAF Laser
Authors: Hao Nguyen Van , Duong Pham Van , Minh Pham Hong , Khanh Do Quoc , Agnesi Antonio
Published: May 2016

We present the design and development of folded four-mirror resonators for diode end-pumped solid-state Cr:LiSAF lasers. The astigmatic effects due to the Brewster-cut laser crystal and two curved mirrors used at oblique incidence were taken into consideration. The obtained results showed the stability regions of resonator, the beam parameters in the resonator and within the laser crystal as well as other sensitive parameters and their variation ranges. Furthermore, the designed folded four-mirror resonators for diode end-pumped Cr:LiSAF laser were experimentally evaluated. The CW Cr:LiSAF laser characteristics in threshold, efficiency and beam quality as well as comparative studies are presented.
Experimental Determination of Photo Luminesscense Quantum Yield of CdSe Quantum Dots
Authors: Binh Nguyen Thanh
Published: May 2016

The fluorescence quantum yield or the efficiency of the fluorescence process is defined as the ratio of the number of photons emitted to the number of photons absorbed. In this report the experimental method to determinate photo luminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) of CdSe quantum dot will be described. The experimental condition which depends on QY will be investigated. The QY values of CdSe which were prepared at Nano Materials Physics Laboratory Research Center for Dielectric and Advanced Matters Physics Pusan National University will be carried out and compared with the commercial CdSe sample.