bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Properties of Cast Commercially Pure Titanium Simulating Ceramic Firing Cycles
Authors: Fonseca Johnson Campideli , Spazzin Aloísio Oro , Naves Lucas Zago , Costa Ana Rosa , Correr-Sobrinho Lourenço , Henriques Guilhereme Elias Pessanha
Published: June 2013

Aim

To evaluate the mechanical properties (ultimate tensile strength, elongation and hardness) of the commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) as casting and after ceramic firing cycles.

Materials and methods

Dumbbell-shaped specimens were prepared for the tensile strength testing. Disk-shaped cast specimens were used for microhardness testing. The ceramic firing cycles were made simulating a low fusion ceramic application. Tensile testing was conducted in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. Ultimate tensile strength and elongation were recorded. The fracture mode was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Vickers hardness was measured in a hardness tester. The data from the tensile and hardness tests were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).

Results

The mean values of tensile strength were not changed by the ceramic firing cycles. Lower hardness was observed for cp Ti as casting compared with Ti cast after the firing cycles.

Clinical significance

The ceramic firing cycles did not show any considerable prejudicial effects on the mechanical properties of the cp Ti.

How to cite this article

Fonseca JC, Spazzin AO, Naves LZ, Costa AR, Correr-Sobrinho L, Henriques GEP. Mechanical Properties of Cast Commercially Pure Titanium Simulating Ceramic Firing Cycles. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4): 476-480.
Comparison of Opal Self-Ligating Brackets with Manually Ligating Brackets
Authors: Deshpande Ashwin , Srinivas N , Kumar K Kiran , Mapare Sagar
Published: June 2013

This study was conducted with aim to evaluate the efficiency of the newly introduced Opal self-ligating brackets (SLB). The chairside time saved, appliance efficiency, bracket bond failures, breakages and bracket staining in the Opal SLBs were compared with the conventional standard metal manually ligating brackets (MLBs) of MBT system. Seven patients were compared in each group. Standard light curing bonding methods were used in both the group. Chairside time saving, appliance efficiency and bracket bond failures were compared among the groups whereas staining was observed with the SLBs. Appliance efficiency was evaluated by PAR scores. Results showed significant chairside time being saved in SLBs, whereas the appliance efficiency was not significant. Bond failures were found only in SLBs as well as breakages along with staining. Henceforth, we could conclude that though SLBs had advantage of saving chairside time but also had disadvantage of losing more time with bond failures.

How to cite this article

Deshpande A, Srinivas N, Kumar KK, Mapare S. Comparison of Opal Self-Ligating Brackets with Manually Ligating Brackets. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012; 13(4):494-503.
Evaluation of the Cadiax Compact® II Accuracy in Recording Preadjusted Condylar Inclinations on Fully Adjustable Articulator
Authors: Ahangari Ahmad Hasan , Torabi Kianoosh , Pour Sasan Rasaei , Ghodsi Safoura
Published: June 2013

Background

Mandibular movement analysis is a critical step in making the functional occlusal morphology and improving the diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs). Cadiax Compact® is an electronic condylograph that claims to record the horizontal condylar inclination (HCI), Bennett angle (BA) and relative shape of the articular eminence. This study aims at assessing the accuracy of Cadiax Compact® II in its claimed abilities.

Materials and methods

The electronic condylograph (Cadiax Compact®II) was fitted on the fully adjustable articulator (gamma dental reference- SL). After setting of HCI and BA on the arbitrary degrees, eccentric movements were produced manually on the articulator. The Cadiax recorded these preadjusted angles and the accuracy of its recordings was assessed by comparison of the results with the preadjusted HCI, BA and color inserts as references.

Results

The majority of the comparisons showed statistically significant differences between articulator settings and Cadiax recordings. However, the maximum difference was about 2.5° which seems acceptable for clinical practice.

Conclusion

The obtained results showed that Cadiax Compact is an accurate and reliable instrument for diagnostic purposes, yielding reproducible measurements. Despite this, Cadiax is a technically sensitive device that can preclude its routine usage.

How to cite this article

Ahangari AH, Torabi K, Pour SR, Ghodsi S. Evaluation of the Cadiax Compact® II Accuracy in Recording Preadjusted Condylar Inclinations on Fully Adjustable Articulator. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):504-508.
Clinical and Histological Comparison of Polyglycolic Acid Suture with Black Silk Suture after Minor Oral Surgical Procedure
Authors: Balamurugan R , Mohamed Masroor , Katikaneni Hari Krishna Rao , Kumar KR Ashok
Published: June 2013

Any suture material, absorbable or nonabsorbable, elicits a kind of inflammatory reaction within the tissue. Nonabsorbable black silk suture and absorbable polyglycolic acid suture were compared clinically and histologically on various parameters.

Materials and methods

This study consisted of 50 patients requiring minor surgical procedure, who were referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Patients were selected randomly and sutures were placed in the oral cavity 7 days preoperatively. Polyglycolic acid was placed on one side and black silk suture material on the other. Seven days later, prior to surgical procedure the sutures will be assessed. After the surgical procedure the sutures will be placed postoperatively in the same way for 7 days, after which the sutures will be assessed clinically and histologically.

Results

The results of this study showed that all the sutures were retained in case of polyglycolic acid suture whereas four cases were not retained in case of black silk suture. As far as polyglycolic acid suture is concerned 25 cases were mild, 18 cases moderate and seven cases were severe. Black silk showed 20 mild cases, 21 moderate cases and six severe cases. The histological results showed that 33 cases showed mild, 14 cases moderate and three cases severe in case of polyglycolic acid suture. Whereas in case of black silk suture 41 cases were mild. Seven cases were moderate and two cases were severe. Black silk showed milder response than polyglycolic acid suture histologically.

Conclusion

The polyglycolic acid suture was more superior because in all 50 patients the suture was retained. It had less tissue reaction, better handling characteristics and knotting capacity.

How to cite this article

Balamurugan R, Mohamed M, Pandey V, Katikaneni HKR, Kumar KRA. Clinical and Histological Comparison of Polyglycolic Acid Suture with Black Silk Suture after Minor Oral Surgical Procedure. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):521-527.
Association between the Facial Type and Morphology of the Upper Central Incisor in Normal Occlusion Subjects
Authors: Paranhos Luiz Renato , Zaroni Miller , de Carli João Paulo , Okamoto Roberta , Zogheib Lucas Villaça , Torres Fernando César
Published: June 2013

Aim

The purpose of this study was to verify the association between the facial type and the morphology of the upper central incisor, to potentially provide a guide for artificial tooth selection in esthetic and prosthetic rehabilitation.

Materials and methods

The sample consisted of 51 lateral teleradiographs (lateral cephalometric radiographs) and cast models of subjects with a naturally optimal occlusion and at least four of the six keys of Andrews, for optimal occlusion. The facial type was defined by two cephalometric measurements (SN.Gn and SN.GoGn) and classified into dolichofacial, mesofacial and brachyfacial after digitizing the radiographs. The incisor morphology was classified into quadrangular, oval and triangular after 3D digitizing the models and evaluation of the images by 12 dentists. The evaluation between the examiners was performed by Kappa test. In order to test the differences between the variables, it was used a chi-square test (5%).

Results

No significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between the studied variables.

Conclusion

Facial type was not associated with the morphology of the upper central incisor, considering the methodology and population included in the present study.

Clinical significance

Using the facial type as a way to select the morphology of the upper central incisor proved to be inadequate in this study.

How to cite this article

Paranhos LR, Zaroni M, de Carli JP, Okamoto R, Zogheib LV, Torres FC. Association between the Facial Type and Morphology of the Upper Central Incisor in Normal Occlusion Subjects. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014; 15(1):29-33.
Comparison of Working Length Determination using Apex Locator, Conventional Radiography and Radiovisiography: An in vitro Study
Authors: Kishor KM Nanda
Published: June 2013

Aim

The purpose of this study was to compare the working length determination done using three methods, namely, apex locator (Foramatron D-10, Parkell), radiovisiography (Planmeca) and conventional radiography (Prostyle intra, Planmeca).

Materials and methods

In this experiment, to determine the working length, 35 single-rooted teeth were selected and each tooth was subjected to all the three methods of the working length determination. This was compared with the actual working length measured utilizing ground sections of the individual teeth.

Results

The results revealed that all the three methods located the apex nearly as accurately as the actual root canal length obtained by histological ground sectioning, and among three methods apex locator being the closest to the actual root canal length.

Conclusion

The study concludes that all the three techniques are equally effective in determining working length.

How to cite this article

Nanda Kishor KM. Comparison of Working Length Determination using Apex Locator, Conventional Radiography and Radiovisiography: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):550-553.
Evaluation of Marginal Alveolar Bone Height for Early Detection of Periodontal Disease in Pediatric Population: Clinical and Radiographic Study
Authors: Sardana Varun , Deshpande Shobha , Shigli Anand , Gogia Guneet
Published: June 2013

Objectives

To establish a normal range for the radiographic distance between cementoenamel junction and alveolar bone crest and the factors affecting distances for the early assessment of periodontal disease in Dravidian pediatric population.

Methods

Fifty children aged 6 to 8 years were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical and radiographic examination was performed. All the surfaces were examined starting from the distal surface of primary canine to the mesial surface of first permanent molar. The various risk factors like plaque, calculus, proximal caries, restoration and bleeding on probing were recorded. A pair of bitewing radiographs was taken for each child. Bitewing radiographs were traced and analyzed.

Results

It showed that CEJ-ABC distance in primary teeth is about 1 ± 0.5 mm. In the permanent teeth, it was found to be 0.6 ± 0.5 mm in 6 to 8 years age group. CEJ-ABC distance was also affected by different variables like physiologic (eruption and exfoliation) and pathologic factors (plaque, calculus, dental caries, restorations, stainless steel crowns, bleeding on probing and probing depth).

Conclusion

CEJ-ABC distances greater than 2.5 mm should be considered under recall and follow-up. Children and adolescents susceptible to periodontal disease should be identified by radiographic means as early as possible in order to prevent the advance of an otherwise possibly destructive disease. The concept of oral health examination and treatment must include examination of the periodontal status of the patient.

How to cite this article

Sardana V, Balappanavar AY, Deshpande S, Shigli A, Indushekar KR, Gogia G. Evaluation of Marginal Alveolar Bone Height for Early Detection of Periodontal Disease in Pediatric Population: Clinical and Radiographic Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):37-45.
The Study of Role of Stress in Children with Behavior Disorders and Orofacial Lesions
Authors: Baad RK , Jagtap Kiran
Published: June 2013

Aim

(1) To study the behavior disorders in children between 5 to 15 years. (2) To study the role of stress in causing behavior disorders. (3) To interpret the orofacial findings in children with behavior disorders. (4) Correlate the orofacial findings with behavior disorder.

Materials and methods

Ninty children with behavior problems between age of 5 to 15 years along with their parents who visited the Department of Child-Guidance Clinic, BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai. Intraoral examinations were conducted. Behavioral disorders and factors predisposing to those disorders were recorded.

Results

Behavior disorders with orofacial lesions was more common in age group of 8 to 10 years. The children were continuously under stress, which manifested in the form of various orofacial disorders or oral lesions. Most common orofacial condition was bruxism.

Conclusion

Awareness of behavior disorders in dental treatment should guide the pediatric dentist to seek child psychiatric consultation for behavioral disorders to enable early evaluation of the underlying disorder.

Clinical significance

The present study suggested that orofacial and behavior characteristics can serve as markers to diagnose children with behavioral disorders. It also serves as a guide to dental clinicians to refer such children to psychiatrists or pediatricians for early identification, prevention and treatment.

How to cite this article

Baad RK, Jagtap K. The Study of Role of Stress in Children with Behavior Disorders and Orofacial Lesions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):559-561.
Enhancing White and Pink Esthetics using Porcelain Laminates in a Fluorosis Patient
Authors: Babu Ramesh , Taneja VK , Williams Cecil , Malhotra Anuj , Kiran Ravi
Published: June 2013

Fluorosis can cause enamel degeneration to varying extent depending on the fluoride levels prevalent in that particular area. It can range from slight mottling of enamel to severe degeneration leading to demineralization and resultant discoloration. In the latter case, treatment options are limited to bonding of the outer surface of teeth either with composite or porcelain.

Clinical significance

Porcelain laminates offer an excellent solution to enhance esthetics in a patient with fluorosis as it combines the advantage of being highly esthetic along with being conservative in its penetration to enamel.

How to cite this article

Williams C, Malhotra A, Taneja VK, Kiran R, Babu R. Enhancing White and Pink Esthetics using Porcelain Laminates in a Fluorosis Patient. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):571-573.
Therapeutic Extraction of Lower Incisor for Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Goel Manish , Maheshwari Amit , Raju Dandu Sitarama , Veereshi AS , Naidu D Lakshmayya , Raju BHV Ramakrishnan
Published: June 2013

Lower incisor extraction in orthodontic treatment was very rare modality of orthodontic treatment because there are few patients who meet the standards for such treatment. Proper diagnosis and treatment planning should be done to achieve good occlusion and facial esthetics. Criteria for lower incisor extraction included degree of crowding, tooth size discrepancy, pathologic condition, vertical overbite, sagittal incisal relationship, skeletal growth pattern and age of the patient. This article comprises of a case of class I malocclusion treated with lower incisor extraction, with comprehensive analysis, diagnosis and treatment planning, treatment results were satisfactory.

Clinical significance

Mandibular incisor extraction can be an effective treatment option in borderline cases with mild crowding in lower arch. Minimal alteration of mandibular arch form is key factor for success and stable results.

How to cite this article

Raju DS, Veereshi AS, Naidu DL, Raju BHVR, Goel M, Maheshwari A. Therapeutic Extraction of Lower Incisor for Orthodontic Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):574-577.
The Effect of Denture Cleansers on Resiliency of Soft Lining Materials
Authors: Reddy N Simhachalam , Reddy Nallala Amarendra , Rao A Kaleswara , Kumar Siddesh
Published: June 2013

Aim

The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of denture cleansers on resiliency of soft liner.

Materials and methods

Two soft liners (Molloplast-B and Refit) and two denture cleansers (Clinsodent and Fittydent) were taken. Cylindrical aluminum dies were constructed of 12 mm length and 8 mm diameter at the ratio of 1.5:1. The samples are tested with Hounsfield tensometer.

Observation and results

Effect of both the denture cleansers on the lining materials was shown in the form of Graphs 1 and 2. The elastic recovery of Molloplast B in dry, Fittydent and Clinsodent is comparatively more than refit, but in control group the elastic recovery of both the material is almost equal.

Conclusion

Heat processed soft liners recover faster/better in a shorter time interval when compared to self-processed liners which takes longer time for the recovery. This time period is very important as the cushioning effect of the soft liner require an elastic recovery between the masticatory strokes.

Clinical implications

Greater the softness and better the elastic recovery of the denture soft liner, more effective would be its performance clinically. Silicon based material, such as Molloplast-B, rebounds quickly and would seem preferable to a material that is acrylic based. It is possible that, if the response is too slow or the elastic recovery is less, there may only be a partial recovery of the lining between the masticatory strokes. Progressive thinning of the lining materials might then occur resulting in a reduced cushioning effect.
Synthesis and Characterization of Strontium Bis(N-isopropylanilide) and Comparison with the Lighter Magnesium and Calcium Congeners
Authors: Loh Claas , Glock Carsten , Ziemann Steffen , Görls Helmar , Krieck Sven , Westerhausen Matthias
Published: July 2013

The metathesis reaction of strontium diiodide [(thf)5SrI2] with K[N(Ph)iPr] in THF yields [(thf)4Sr{N(Ph)iPr}2] (1). Ligand exchange reactions with 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) allow the isolation of the corresponding adducts [(dme)2Sr{N(Ph)iPr}2] (2), [(tmeda)(thf)Sr{N(Ph)iPr}2] (3) and [(pmdeta)Sr{N(Ph)iPr}2] (4), respectively. Magnesiation of N-isopropylaniline with dibutylmagnesium in THF leads to the formation of [(thf)2Mg{N(Ph)iPr}2] (5). A similar reaction in TMEDA gives nearly insoluble crystalline [(tmeda)Mg{N(Ph)iPr}2] (7), whereas the mother liquor contains heteroleptic [(tmeda)(nBu)Mg{N(Ph)iPr}] (6). Magnesiation of N-isopropylaniline in 2,2,5,5-tetramethyltetrahydrofuran (Me4thf) yields [(Me4thf)Mg{N(Ph)iPr}2] (8) with a threecoordinate metal center. In hydrocarbons this complex loses the bulky ether base, and the solvent-free dimer [Mg{N(Ph)iPr}2]2 (9) can be isolated. Reaction of this complex with 1,2- dimethoxyethane or metalation of N-isopropylaniline with dibutylmagnesium in DME yield the dme adduct, [(dme)Mg{N(Ph)iPr}2] (10). The crystal structures show that the nitrogen atoms of the magnesium-bound N-isopropylanilide ions are in planar environments whereas strontium-bound N-isopropylanilide ions show rather short contacts between the alkaline earth metal and the ipsocarbon atoms of the phenyl groups leading to a pyramidalization of the coordination of the nitrogen atoms
Novel Polyanionic Topologies in Ag2VAsO6 and Ag6V2As2O13
Authors: Nuss Jürgen , Curda Jan , Jansen Martin
Published: July 2013

Two new silver vanadate arsenates, Ag2VAsO6 and Ag6V2As2O13, have been prepared applying high oxygen pressure syntheses in stainless-steel autoclaves. Ag2VAsO6 crystallizes in space group P1 with unit cell parameters a=639.1(1), b=646.1(1), c=706.6(1) pm, α =116.105(3), ß =91.759(4), γ = 90:067(4)°, and Z =2 (R1 =0.058, 3935 independent reflections). The structure consists of AsO4 tetrahedra and VO6 octahedra which are linked to form two-dimensional 2
¥[VAsO6]2- polyanions, separated by silver cations. Ag6V2As2O13 (C2=c, a=1895.9(2), b=536.40(6), c=1308:5(2) pm, ß =113:578(2)°, Z =4; R1 =0.030, 2571 independent reflections) displays as primary building units AsO4 tetrahedra and VO5 trigonal bipyramids which are condensed by sharing edges to one-dimensional 1
¥[V2As2O13]6- ladder-like strands, set apart by the silver cations. These heteropolyanions are without precedent
New Pulvinic Acid and Phenylalaninol Derivatives from the Mushrooms Retiboletus griseus and R. nigerrimus
Authors: Gruber Gertraud , Kerschensteiner Lydia , Marumoto Ryuji , Steglich Wolfgang
Published: July 2013

The close genetic relationship of the mushrooms Retiboletus griseus and R. nigerrimus is supported by the occurrence of the orange-yellow retiboletic acid, resp. its methyl ester, in both species. The structures of these highly substituted pulvinic acid derivatives have been elucidated by spectroscopic investigations. R. nigerrimus also contains two N-protocatechuyl-L-phenylalaninol derivatives, nigerrimin A and B, the first reported occurrence of such compounds in nature. Their configuration was established by the synthesis of nigerrimin B
[Cu40Se16(S-C6H4-CN)8(dppm)8]: A Disc-like Copper Cluster with a Nitrile-functionalized Ligand Shell
Authors: Langer Robert , Fenske Dieter , Fuhr Olaf
Published: July 2013

The new copper chalcogenide cluster [Cu40Se16(S-C6H4-CN)8(dppm)8] (1) with nitrile groups in the organic ligand shell has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. The arrangement of the chalcogen atoms in 1 is similar to a close packing and is best described as two parallel layers with an ab stacking sequence. The resulting structure is a rare example of a disc-like cluster molecule
Heterometallic Complexes with Rhenium- and Iron-Bismuth Bonds
Authors: Schiwon Rafael , Metzinger Ramona , Pfirrmann Christina , Limberg Christian
Published: July 2013

Reaction of equimolar amounts of [Bi(OtBu)3] and [Cp2ReH] yields [Cp2Re-Bi(OtBu)2], 1, when the reaction time is kept short. Treatment of [Bi{OCH(CF3)2}3(thf)]2 with four equivalents of [Cp2ReH] leads to the heterotrinuclear complex [(Cp2Re)2Bi{OCH(CF3)2}], 4, with two Re- Bi bonds. A complex with a Bi-Fe bond was obtained in the reaction between [Cp(CO)2Fe]2 and [Bi(OAc)3]: [Cp(CO)2Fe-Bi(OAc)2], 5, was formed and found to crystallize as a dimer. The structures of 1 and 4 were also investigated
RE4B4O11F2 (RE = Pr, Nd): Two New Rare-earth Fluoride Borates Isotypic to Gd4B4O11F2
Authors: Glätzle Matthias , Huppertz Hubert
Published: July 2013

The rare-earth fluoride borates RE
4B4O11F2 (RE = Pr, Nd) were obtained in a Walker-type multianvil device from the corresponding rare-earth oxides and fluorides, and boron oxide. Pr4B4O11F2 was obtained under high-pressure/high-temperature conditions of 8.5 GPa=1150°C, and Nd4B4O11F2 at 8 GPa and 1300°C. The single-crystal structure determinations revealed that both compounds are isotypic to RE
4B4O11F2 (RE = Eu, Gd, Dy), crystallizing in the space group C2=c (Z = 4) with the parameters a = 1397.3(3), b = 472.78(9), c = 1400.2(3) pm, β = 91:1(1)°, V = 0.9248(3) nm3, R
1 = 0.0444, and wR
2 = 0.0539 (all data) for Pr4B4O11F2, and a = 1389.1(3), b = 471.2(1), c = 1394.4(3) pm, β = 91:1(1)°, V = 0.9125(3) nm3, R
1 = 0.0286, and wR
2 = 0.0601 (all data) for Nd4B4O11F2. The structure type of Gd4B4O11F2 contains BO4 tetrahedra as well as BO3 groups connected via common corners. Here, we report about the crystallographic characterization of both compounds in comparison to the isotypic phases and discuss their IR spectra.
NIR Absorption of Perylene Dyes and Fluorescence with Large Stokes’ Shift by Simple Deprotonation
Authors: Langhals Heinz , Rauscher Maximilian
Published: July 2013

A brightly red fluorescent 1-hydroxyperylene bisimide was prepared by a nucleophilic aromatic displacement reaction. The deprotonation of the hydroxy group shifts the absorption and the strong fluorescence into the NIR. A selected medium promotes an ESPT mechanism and induces a large Stokes’ shift of nearly 200 nm in the NIR
Produção de massa seca e eficiência nutricional de clones de Eucalyptus dunnii e Eucalyptus benthamii em função da adição de doses de fósforo ao solo
Authors: Stahl James , Ernani Paulo Roberto , Gatiboni Luciano Colpo , Chaves Djalma Miler , Neves Cintia Urbano
Published: July 2013

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050989275As espécies florestais diferem na capacidade de absorção, translocação, acúmulo e uso dos nutrientes. Estas diferenças ocorrem entre espécies, procedências, progênies, e mesmo entre clones de uma determinada espécie e influenciam o crescimento das mesmas. O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar a produção de massa seca e a eficiência nutricional em relação ao fósforo de mudas de clone de Eucalyptus dunnii e de Eucalyptus benthamii cultivadas em vasos. O experimento foi conduzido por três meses, em casa de vegetação, num esquema fatorial (2 x 5), compreendendo as duas espécies e cinco doses de P (0, 50, 100, 200 e 500 mg dm-3). Foram utilizadas amostras de um Cambissolo Húmico coletadas na camada 0-20 cm em reflorestamento de pinus, que apresentava 4,6 mg dm-3 de P. Aos 90 dias após o plantio, procedeu-se a coleta da biomassa da parte aérea e radicular das plantas, separadamente, para determinação da massa seca e do teor de P. A partir desses valores, determinou-se a eficiência de absorção (EAP), a eficiência de utilização de P (EUP) e a percentagem de recuperação do P aplicado pela biomassa. Os clones de Eucalyptus dunnii e Eucalyptus benthamii apresentaram aumentos quadráticos na produção de massa seca total e na eficiência de utilização de P com o aumento das doses de P. O Eucalyptus dunnii foi mais eficiente na produção de massa seca total assim como na utilização e recuperação de P em relação ao Eucalyptus benthamii, em todos os níveis de fornecimento de P.
Danos provocados pelo fogo sobre a vegetação natural em uma floresta primária no Estado do Acre, Amazônia brasileira
Authors: Araujo Henrique José Borges de , Oliveira Luis Cláudio de , Vasconcelos Sumaia Saldanha de , Correia Manoel Freire
Published: July 2013

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050989276A emissão do CO2 é uma das principais causas do efeito estufa e as queimadas amazônicas contribuem para isso. Devido à alta umidade retida, a floresta primária amazônica é considerada imune a queimadas, todavia, sob condições climáticas anormais é vulnerável. Este estudo objetiva avaliar os efeitos do fogo, decorrentes de incêndios florestais ocorridos em 2005, sobre uma floresta natural primária no Estado do Acre. Foram monitorados os efeitos do fogo em árvores lenhosas, palmeiras e cipós em três níveis de tamanho: I-DAP≥5 cm; II-5 cm>DAP≥2 cm; e III-DAP<2 cm e altura ≥1,0 m. Os indivíduos foram avaliados quanto à Condição Geral (níveis I e II), Casca e Copa (Nível I) e brotação. Foram efetuadas cinco avaliações, a primeira em novembro de 2005 e a última em janeiro de 2009. Os resultados mostraram que os indivíduos de menor porte foram os mais impactados e apresentaram as maiores taxas de mortalidade, chegando a 80,1 % no Nível II e decrescendo quanto maior a classe diamétrica, sendo nula (0 %) nas superiores. Foi observado aumento do número de indivíduos sem dano aparente em todas as classes diamétricas e aumento de 43 % no número de espécies na regeneração, indicando um processo de recuperação da floresta. Foi verificada redução expressiva na diversidade de espécies (15 % no Nível I e 33 % no Nível II), indicando que a floresta foi modificada quanto à composição florística. Com base nos padrões de danos causados por apenas um incêndio, o caso da área estudada, é esperado que a incidência de novos incêndios, em curtos intervalos insuficientes à recuperação, resulte na irremediável degeneração da floresta.
Comparação entre a meta-heurística simulated annealing e a programação linear inteira no agendamento da colheita florestal com restrições de adjacência
Authors: Gomide Lucas Rezende , Arce Júlio Eduardo , Silva Arinei Carlos Lindbeck da
Published: July 2013

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050989289Os impactos gerados na paisagem após a colheita florestal em reflorestamentos são visíveis, porém, o corte raso é um processo necessário para garantir uma produção sustentada e introduzir novas tecnologias. Uma alternativa de controle é utilizar restrições de adjacência nos modelos matemáticos. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a capacidade da meta-heurística SA na resolução de modelos matemáticos com restrições de adjacência do tipo URM, e observar sua ação com o aumento da complexidade do problema. O estudo foi conduzido em um projeto florestal contendo 52 talhões, sendo criados 8 cenários, onde o modelo I de Johnson e Scheurmann (1977) foi usado como referência. A restrição de adjacência do tipo URM foi usada para controlar o corte de talhões adjacentes. Os modelos foram resolvidos pela PLI e meta-heurística SA, no qual foi processada 100 vezes/cenário. Os resultados mostraram que o cenário 8 consumiu 137.530 segundos via PLI, gastando um tempo de 2.023,09 vezes a mais que o tempo médio de processamento da meta-heurística SA (67,98 segundos). As melhores soluções ficaram 4,71 % (cenário 1) a 11,40 % (cenário 8) distante do ótimo (PLI). A meta-heurística SA é capaz de resolver o problema florestal, atendendo às metas na maioria das vezes. O aumento da complexidade produz um maior desvio em relação ao ótimo. Conclui-se que a meta-heurística SA não deve ser processada uma única vez, pois há riscos de se obter soluções inferiores, caso seja feita, deve-se aumentar o tempo de parada.
Retenção e penetração de CCA em madeira de primeira e segunda rotação de Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake
Authors: Valle Mara Lúcia Agostini , Silva José de Castro , Lucia Ricardo Marius Della , Evangelista Wescley Viana
Published: July 2013

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050989292Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a retenção e penetração de arseniato de cobre cromatado (CCA tipo C), bem como algumas propriedades da madeira em duas rotações de dois híbridos naturais de Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake, visando a sua utilização como madeira tratada. O estudo foi realizado com material proveniente de plantações comerciais, com 63 meses de idade. Para a caracterização da madeira, avaliaram-se a relação cerne-alburno, a massa específica básica e as dimensões de fibras e vasos. Para a avaliação da madeira tratada, determinaram-se a penetração e a retenção de arseniato de cobre cromatado (CCA tipo C). Utilizaram-se quatro árvores por rotação e material genético, que, posteriormente, foram seccionadas em três toras, totalizando 12 toras para cada tratamento. O tratamento preservativo foi realizado através do processo célula cheia, em autoclave, utilizando solução de CCA com concentração de 2 % de ingredientes ativos. O processo de tratamento utilizado foi eficiente dentro das condições exigidas pela norma NBR 9480, apresentando valores de retenção superiores aos mínimos exigidos pela norma, que é de 6,5 kg/m3 de CCA por madeira tratada, além de proporcionar a penetração profunda e regular do preservativo no alburno de todas as toras tratadas. Não existem restrições quanto ao aproveitamento das madeiras de primeira e segunda rotação para tratamento preservativo, com base nas propriedades avaliadas. Não existiu correlação entre a retenção de CCA tipo C e as propriedades da madeira avaliadas.
Wharton's Jelly Stem Cells: A Novel Cell Source for Oral Mucosa and Skin Epithelia Regeneration
Authors: Garzón Ingrid , Miyake Juliano , González-Andrades Miguel , Carmona Ramón , Carda Carmen , Sánchez-Quevedo María del Carmen , Campos Antonio , Alaminos Miguel
Published: July 2013

Perinatal stem cells such as human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly stem cells (HWJSCs) are excellent candidates for tissue engineering because of their proliferation and differentiation capabilities. However, their differentiation potential into epithelial cells at in vitro and in vivo levels has not yet been reported. In this work we have studied the capability of HWJSCs to differentiate in vitro and in vivo to oral mucosa and skin epithelial cells using a bioactive three-dimensional model that mimics the native epithelial-mesenchymal interaction. To achieve this, primary cell cultures of HWJSCs, oral mucosa, and skin fibroblasts were obtained in order to generate a three-dimensional heterotypical model of artificial oral mucosa and skin based on fibrin-agarose biomaterials. Our results showed that the cells were unable to fully differentiate to epithelial cells in vitro. Nevertheless, in vivo grafting of the bioactive three-dimensional models demonstrated that HWJSCs were able to stratify and to express typical markers of epithelial differentiation, such as cytokeratins 1, 4, 8, and 13, plakoglobin, filaggrin, and involucrin, showing specific surface patterns. Electron microscopy analysis confirmed the presence of epithelial cell-like layers and well-formed cell-cell junctions. These results suggest that HWJSCs have the potential to differentiate to oral mucosa and skin epithelial cells in vivo and could be an appropriate novel cell source for the development of human oral mucosa and skin in tissue engineering protocols.
O espaço literário: apontamentos para o diálogo entre geografia e literatura
Authors: Pinheiro Robinson Santos
Published: July 2013

Aqui se fomentará a discussão sobre o ato criador do artista, destacando como os elementos espaciais muito interferem na criação artística. Cabe ressaltar que no momento em que o artista se pauta em sua realidade vivida para criar, o mesmo finge/inventa sua espacialidade, criando e recriando o espaço em sua obra. Por fim, destaca-se que a geografia pode se enriquecer com a linguagem literária através do diálogo, pois pensará/significará/compreenderá o espaço a partir das formas com que os indivíduos significam a espacialidade durante suas relações hodiernas.
Resenhas (Geografia histórica do Rio de Janeiro; A Cidade no Brasil; Para Entender O Capital)
Authors: Zanotelli Claudio
Published: July 2013

Resenhas dos livros: - Geografia histórica do Rio de Janeiro (1502-1700). Mauricio de Abreu- A cidade no Brasil. Antonio Risério- Para entender O Capital. David Harvey
Silver‐Nitrate‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Amines and O‐Arylations of Phenols and Alcohols
Authors: Das Rima , Mandal Mrinmay , Chakraborty Debashis
Published: July 2013

An efficient and general protocol for intermolecular CN and CO cross‐coupling of amines, alcohols, and phenols with halides has been developed by using AgNO3 as the catalyst and N,N‐dimethylethylenediamine (N,N‐DMEDA) as a ligand with KOtBu as a base in a nitrogen atmosphere. A number of primary, secondary, and heterocyclic amines were coupled with various aryl iodides to give N‐arylated motifs in good to excellent yield. Along with this, several substituted phenols as well as alcohols were coupled with various halides under the same reactions condition to give O‐arylated compounds.
miR‐155 as a multiple sclerosis–relevant regulator of myeloid cell polarization
Authors: Moore Craig S. , Rao Vijayaraghava T.S. , Durafourt Bryce A. , Bedell Barry J. , Ludwin Samuel K. , Bar‐Or Amit , Antel Jack P.
Published: July 2013

Objective

To define the functional significance of increased miR‐155 expression in myeloid cells in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods

miR‐155 expression levels were measured in CD14+ monocytes from untreated relapsing–remitting MS patients and compared to healthy controls. Similar microRNA (miRNA) analyses were performed in laser‐captured CD68+ cells from perivascular (blood‐derived macrophages) and parenchymal (microglia) brain regions in both active MS lesions and noninflammatory cases. Using human adult blood‐derived macrophages and brain‐derived microglia, in vitro experiments were performed to demonstrate how miR‐155 influences the polarization state, phenotype, and functional properties of myeloid cells, in addition to their ability to subsequently impact adaptive T‐cell responses.

Results

In MS, miR‐155 expression was significantly increased in both peripheral circulating CD14+ monocytes and active lesions (CD68+ cells) compared to control donor monocytes and parenchymal microglia, respectively. In vitro, miR‐155 was significantly increased in both M1‐polarized primary human macrophages and microglia. Transfection of an miR‐155 mimic increased proinflammatory cytokine secretion and costimulatory surface marker expression in both cell types; an miR‐155 inhibitor decreased proinflammatory cytokine expression. Coculture experiments demonstrated that allogeneic T‐cell responses were significantly enhanced in the presence of miR‐155–transfected myeloid cells compared to controls.

Interpretation

Our results demonstrate that miR‐155 regulates proinflammatory responses in both blood‐derived and central nervous system (CNS)‐resident myeloid cells, in addition to impacting subsequent adaptive immune responses. Differential miRNA expression may therefore provide insight into mechanisms responsible for distinct phenotypic and functional properties of myeloid cells, thus impacting their ability to influence CNS injury and repair. Ann Neurol 2013;74:709–720
Neubau HafenCity Universität Hamburg – Symbol für Baukunst am Wasser
Authors: Böttcher Christian , Nagel Werner
Published: July 2013

In Teil 2 des Berichts wird auf die Planung und Ausführung des aufgehenden Gebäudes eingegangen. Dabei stehen die konstruktiven Besonderheiten für die weitgespannten Hohlkörperdecken und die großen Auskragungen, die Komplexität des vertikalen Lastabtrages aufgrund der Vielzahl von wandartigen Trägern, die filigrane Stahlkonstruktion der Atrien und die besonderen technischen Ausrüstungen für Laborbetrieb im Vordergrund. Abschließend wird über die sich daraus ergebenen Besonderheiten in Bauablauf und Bauzustand berichtet.

New building, HafenCity University Hamburg – Symbol for architecture on the waterfront – Part 2: Building construction

Part 2 of the report describes the planning and execution of the main structure for the new HafenCity University. Especially the constructive features of the wide‐span COBIAX‐slabs and the long cantilevering sections, the complexity of vertical load due to the multitude of crosswise wall‐like beams, the filigree steelwork of the foyer and the special technical equipment for university laboratories will be reported. Finally same specials of construction sequence and temporary works concerning the above mentioned specifies will be described.
Feinprofilierte UHPFRC‐Trockenfugen für Segmentbauteile
Authors: Oettel Vincent , Empelmann Martin
Published: July 2013

Gegenüber der Ortbetonbauweise hat die Segmentbauweise mit Betonfertigteilen viele Vorzüge. Diese liegen zum einen in der qualitätsgesicherten und witterungsunabhängigen Vorfertigung im Fertigteilwerk, einer verkürzten Bauzeit sowie besseren Rückbaumöglichkeiten. Des Weiteren ist der Aufwand für Bauhilfsmaßnahmen und Rüstungen wesentlich geringer und lohnintensive Arbeiten auf der Baustelle können verringert werden. Kombiniert man die Vorteile dieser Bauweise mit den exzellenten Eigenschaften von ultrahochfestem Faserbeton (UHPFRC), lassen sich filigrane und modulare Segmentkonstruktionen herstellen. Bei solchen Konstruktionen ist die Ausbildung der Segmentfugen von maßgebender Bedeutung. Am iBMB, Fachgebiet Massivbau der TU Braunschweig, wurden experimentelle und theoretische Untersuchungen zum Tragverhalten feinprofilierter UHPFRC‐Trockenfugen durchgeführt sowie ein Bemessungsansatz aufgestellt, worüber im Beitrag berichtet wird.

Finely profiled UHPFRC dry joints for segmental components

The prefabricated segmental construction method has several advantages over the in‐situ concrete construction. The segments can be precasted under controlled conditions at the precasting yard and are not subject to weather conditions. Furthermore the construction period as well as the costs of falsework and on site can be reduced. Combining this advantageous construction method with the excellent properties of ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC), filigree and modular segmental constructions can be produced. The formation of the joints is fundamental for such constructions. Experimental and theoretical research works on finely profiled UHPFRC dry joints have been conducted at the iBMB, Department of Concrete Structures of the TU Braunschweig, and a design model has been formulated, which will be reported in the article.
Transcriptional impact of dietary methionine restriction on systemic inflammation: Relevance to biomarkers of metabolic disease during aging
Authors: Wanders Desiree , Ghosh Sujoy , Stone Kirsten P. , Van Nancy T. , Gettys Thomas W.
Published: June 2013

Calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition increases lifespan and produces significant improvements in biomarkers of metabolic health. The improvements are attributable in part to effects of CR on energy balance, which limit fat accumulation by restricting energy intake. Normal age‐associated increases in adiposity and insulin resistance are associated with development of a systemic proinflammatory state, while chronic CR limits fat deposition and expression of inflammatory markers. Dietary methionine restriction (MR) has emerged as an effective CR mimetic because it produces a comparable extension in lifespan. MR also reduces adiposity through a compensatory increase in energy expenditure that effectively limits fat accumulation, but essentially nothing is known about the effects of MR on systemic inflammation. Here, we review the relationships between these two interventions and discuss their transcriptional impact. In addition, using tissues from rats after long‐term consumption of CR or MR diets, transcriptional profiling was used to examine retrospectively the systems biology of 59 networks of molecules annotated to inflammation. Transcriptional effects of both diets occurred primarily in white adipose tissue and liver, and the responses to MR were far more robust than those to CR. The primary transcriptional targets of MR in both liver and white adipose tissue were phagocytes and macrophages, where expression of genes associated with immune cell infiltration and quantity was reduced. These findings support the conclusion that anti‐inflammatory responses produced by CR and MR are not strictly dependent upon reduced adiposity but are significantly influenced by the metabolic mechanisms through which energy balance is altered. © 2013 BioFactors, 40(1):13–26, 2014
The TRAIL of oncogenes to apoptosis
Authors: Oikonomou Eftychia , Pintzas Alexander
Published: June 2013

Despite the significant advances in clinical research, surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are still used as the primary method for cancer treatment. As compared to conventional therapies that often induce systemic toxicity and eventually contribute to tumor resistance, the TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent that selectively triggers apoptosis in various cancer cells by interacting with its proapoptotic receptors DR4 and KILLER/DR5, while sparing the normal surrounding tissue. The intensive studies of TRAIL signaling pathways over the past decade have provided clues for understanding the molecular mechanisms of TRAIL‐induced apoptosis in carcinogenesis and identified an array of therapeutic responses elicited by TRAIL and its receptor agonists. Analysis of its activity at the molecular level has shown that TRAIL improves survival either as monotherapies or combinatorial therapies with other mediators of apoptosis or anticancer chemotherapy. Combinatorial treatments amplify the activities of anticancer agents and widen the therapeutic window by overcoming tumor resistance to apoptosis and driving cancer cells to self‐destruction. Although TRAIL sensitivity varies widely depending on the cell type, nontransformed cells are largely resistant to death mediated by TRAIL Death Receptors (DRs). Genetic alterations in cancer can contribute in tumor progression and often play an important role in evasion of apoptosis by tumor cells. Remarkably, RAS, MYC and HER2 oncogenes have been shown to sensitise tumor cells to TRAIL induced cell death. Here, we summarise the cross‐talk of oncogenic and apoptotic pathways and how they can be exploited toward efficient combinatorial therapeutic protocols. © 2013 BioFactors, 39(4):343–354, 2013
Determination of protoapigenone in rat plasma by high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV detection and its application in pharmacokinetic studies
Authors: Wei Anhua , Zhou Daonian , Wu Guanghua
Published: July 2013

A simple and sensitive HPLC method using UV detection was developed to determine the concentration of protoapigenone in rat plasma. Chromatographic separation was conducted on a C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of an acetonitrile–methanol–aqueous phase (containing 0.2% acetic acid, pH 3.0) system at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The UV detector was set at 248 nm. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.031–10.0 µg/mL. The lower limit of quantification was 31 ng/mL. The recoveries for plasma samples ranged from 70.3 to 82.5%. The intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy and precision fulfilled the international standards. This method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of protoapigenone in rats after oral administration of protoapigenone. It was shown that protoapigenone could be absorbed rapidly after oral administration and could reach the maximum concentration within 1 h. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of 3‐α‐hydroxytibolone in human plasma by LC‐MS/MS: application for a pharmacokinetic study after administration of a tibolone formulation
Authors: de Santana e Silva Cardoso Fabiana Fernandes , César Isabela Costa , Mundim Iram Moreira , de Souza Teixeira Leonardo , da Silva Enikson Pontes , Bonfim Ricardo Rodrigues , Gomes Sandro Antônio , Ferreira Denys Pires , Lopes Aderimar Rogério Batista , Pascoal Helifas Duarte , de Souza Weidson Carlo , Pianetti Gerson Antônio
Published: July 2013

A new method was developed for the quantitation of 3‐α‐hydroxy tibolone, in human plasma, after oral administration of a tablet formulation containing tibolone (2.5 mg). 3‐α‐Hydroxy tibolone was extracted by a liquid–liquid procedure, using cyproterone acetate as internal standard and chlorobutane as extraction solvent. After extraction, samples were submitted to a derivatization step with p‐toluenesulfonyl isocyanate. A mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (72:28 v/v) was used and chromatographic separation was achieved using Agilent XDB C18 column (100 × 4.6 mm i.d.; 5 µm particle size), at 40°C. Mass spectrometric detection was performed using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in negative mode for 3‐α‐hydroxy tibolone and in positive mode for cyproterone acetate. The fragmentation transitions were m/z 510.2 → m/z 170.1 and m/z 417.0 → m/z 357.1 for 3‐α‐hydroxy tibolone and cyproterone acetate, respectively. Calibration curves were constructed over the range 100–30,000 pg/mL and the method was shown to be specific, precise and accurate, with a mean recovery rate of 94.2% for 3‐α‐hydroxy tibolone. No matrix effect or carry‐over was detected in the samples. The validated method was applied in a pharmacokinetic study with a tibolone formulation in healthy female volunteers. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.