bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conversando con...Alberto Campo Baeza
Authors: Solaguren-Beascoa de Corral Félix
Published: July 2021

Creo que sería redundante presentar al profesor Alberto Campo Baeza. Su currículum es lo suficientemente conocido como para volverlo a narrar una vez más. También se le han hecho múltiples entrevistas donde muchas veces se repiten preguntas y aspectos referentes a su obra y a su persona.

Por ello cuando Angela García, directora de EGA, me pidió realizarle una entrevista, lo hablé con Alberto y le propuse realizar una especie de diálogo sobre temáticas que sabía que a él le interesan.

Él nunca tiene un no como respuesta debido a su gran generosidad.

Empezaré explicando que conocí a Alberto alrededor de 1990 cuando él bajaba por las escaleras de la ETSAB. Creo que estaba en un tribunal de oposiciones y lo abordé en un descanso de la prueba. Por aquél entonces él ya era una persona conocida como profesor y como arquitecto.

Con el paso de los años hemos ido coincidiendo puntualmente en actos y conferencias, relación que se ha ido intensificando con el tiempo.

La escena era siempre más o menos la misma, pero con sutiles e intensos momentos que me llenan, ciertamente, de admiración: él hablando de luz y espacio, de poesía (no olvidemos que su pasión por los clásicos es manifiesta y conocida), y que materializa con proyectos claros y sencillos donde nada sobra y donde nada falta, explicándolos con una infinita paciencia y una emoción que siempre trasmite a los asistentes. ¿Se puede pedir más?

Ajeno a las modas, pero atento siempre a cualquier inquietud intelectual.

Jovencísimo catedrático. Actualmente emérito de la ETSAM, miembro de la Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, y tantas cosas más… 

Pero hay dos hechos que para mi tienen especial significado. El primero, su intento por trabajar con Arne Jacobsen justo antes de su fallecimiento. El segundo, siendo yo el director de la Escuela, cuando fue profesor invitado de la ETSAB llevando a su cargo un Taller de Proyectos de 5º curso durante el primer cuatrimestre del período 2018-2019. No faltó a ninguna clase. Venía de Madrid todas las semanas. Un regalo.

Estos aspectos están implícitos en el texto que compartimos a continuación. Realizado, como dice Alberto, “tacita a tacita”, en una época invadida por la pandemia y en un ir y venir de correos electrónicos. 

Preguntas y respuestas, comprobaciones, donde cada dos o tres días recibía sus noticias. Nos íbamos intercambiando preguntas y respuestas en ambas direcciones en un enriquecedor diálogo que ha sido otra lección particular que él me ha dado.

Sólo me queda por agradecer esta posibilidad, la de una “entrevista atípica”, como la califica Ángela García, y que se ha ido retrasando en el tiempo hasta que llegamos a encontrar esta fórmula que gracias a la tecnología se nos ha permitido realizar.

Muchas gracias Alberto.
Performance of Convolution and CRC Channel Encoded V-Blast 4x4 MIMO MC-CDMA Wireless Communication System
Authors: Ahmed Md. Firoz , Islam Md. Tahidul , Md. Touhidul Islam Abu Zafor
Published: July 2021

Wireless communications are among the rapidly growing fields in our current life and have a massive effect on every aspect of our everyday life. In this paper, the performance of the various digital modulation techniques (BPSK, DPSK, QPSK, and QAM) based wireless communication system on the audio signal transmission through the additive Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel is assessed on the basis of bit error rate (BER) as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Based on the results of this study, BPSK modulation outperforms the DPSK, QPSK, and QAM modulation strategies in the MIMO MC-CDMA VBlast based wireless communication system. The digital modulation of QPSK shows the worst performance in audio signal transmission especially in comparison to other digital modulations. It is clear from the current simulation study based on MATLAB that the V-Blast encoded 4×4 MIMO MC-CDMA wireless system with minimum mean square error (MMSE) signal detection and 1⁄2-rated convolution and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) channel encoding strategies show good performance utilizing BPSK digital modulation in audio signal transmission.
A Study of IoT based Real-Time Solar Power Remote Monitoring System
Authors: Hasib Cheragee Sheikh , Hassan Nazmul , Ahammed Sakil , Md. Touhidul Islam Abu Zafor
Published: July 2021

We have Developed an IoT-based real-time solar power monitoring system in this paper. It seeks an opensource IoT solution that can collect real-time data and continuously monitor the power output and environmental conditions of a photovoltaic panel.The Objective of this work is to continuously monitor the status of various parameters associated with solar systems through sensors without visiting manually, saving time and ensures efficient power output from PV panels while monitoring for faulty solar panels, weather conditionsand other such issues that affect solar effectiveness.Manually, the user must use a multimeter to determine what value of measurement of the system is appropriate for appliance consumers, which is difficult for the larger System. But the Solar Energy Monitoring system is designed to make it easier for users to use the solar system.This system is comprised of a microcontroller (Node MCU), a PV panel, sensors (INA219 Current Module, Digital Temperature Sensor, LDR), a Battery Charger Module, and a battery. The data from the PV panels and other appliances are sent to the cloud (Thingspeak) via the internet using IoT technology and a Wi-Fi module (NodeMCU). It also allows users in remote areas to monitor the parameters of the solar power plant using connected devices. The user can view the current, previous, and average parameters of the solar PV system, such as voltage, current, temperature, and light intensity using a Graphical User Interface. This will facilitate fault detection and maintenance of the solar power plant easier and saves time.
Determination of Bending Failure Load of Hat-Type Folded Composite Plate Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Bui Van Binh , Tran Ich Thinh , Tran Minh Tu
Published: July 2021

Structural failure is initiated when a material is stressed beyond its strength limit. Determination of failure loads and failure location is one of the most important problems in design structures. This paper analyzed the failure of the hat-type laminated composite plate under a bending load. Based on the Reissner-Mindlin plate theory and isoparametric rectangular plate elements with five degrees of freedom per node, an algorithm and Matlab code were established to compute the stresses and bending failure load of the folded composite plate according to Tsai-Wu and Maximum stresses criteria. The numerical results are reliable when compared with the published results in the literature for some specific cases.
Consentimiento y donación de órganos de un familiar ante la muerte encefálica en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención
Authors: Sánchez Estrada Teresa , López Cantera Guisety , Dávalos Alcázar Angélica Guadalupe , Rivera Durón Erika , Reyes Rodríguez Yazmín
Published: July 2021

Introducción: a nivel internacional hay una búsqueda de donadores debido a una demanda creciente mientras que éstos son pocos. Dentro de la cultura de la donación existen los factores sociales y psicológicos que influyen directamente en la decisión de la familia de un potencial donador por muerte encefálica. Objetivo: identificar cuáles son las experiencias de la familia ante la condición potencial de donación de órganos en pacientes con muerte encefálica en una institución de tercer nivel.  Material y métodos: estudio mixto cuanti-cualitativo retrospectivo, transversal realizado en una institución de tercer nivel, por medio de una familia (el responsable) con un integrante donador por muerte encefálica.  Análisis: estadística descriptiva con valores porcentuales, en Spss 23 previo, diseño de base de datos con variables sociodemográficas y de actitud. Resultados: el 51.8 % de la población tuvo el diagnóstico de hemorragia subaracnoidea; seguida del 18.4 % con diagnóstico de tumor cerebral. Y un 9.6% diagnosticados con evento vascular cerebral. Destaca un 1.8 % con diagnóstico de criptocosis cerebral. La investigación revela que el 53.5 % de la población es femenina y el 46.5 % masculina, en la relación con el índice de donación el 43.3 % de los hombres aceptan la donación a diferencia del 23 % de las mujeres que se convierten en donadoras. Conclusiones: las experiencias de los familiares de donadores por muerte encefálica reflejan disposición para donar. Sin embargo, es evidente que se requiere una evaluación de las condiciones emocionales del familiar, en el momento de sugerirle la posibilidad de autorizar la donación.
The influence of weather-driven processes on tropospheric ozone
Authors: Emmerichs Tamara , Franco Bruno , Wespes Catherine , Kumar Vinod , Pozzer Andrea , Rosanka Simon , Taraborrelli Domenico
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Near-surface ozone is an harmful air pollutant, which is determined to a considerable extent by weather-controlled processes, and may be significantly impacted by water vapour forming complexes with peroxy radicals. The role of water in the reaction of HO2 radical with nitrogen oxides is known from the literature, and in current models the water complex is considered by assuming a linear dependence on water concentrations. In fact, recent experimental evidence has been published, showing the significant role of water on the kinetics of one of the most important reaction for ozone chemistry, namely NO2 + OH. Here, the available kinetic data for the HOx + NOx reactions have been included in the atmospheric chemistry model ECHAM5/MESSy (EMAC) to test its global significance. Among the modified kinetics, the newly added HNO3 channel from HO2 + NO, dominates, significantly reducing NO2. A major removal process of near-surface ozone is dry deposition accounting for 20 % of the total tropospheric ozone loss mostly occurring over vegetation. However, parameterizations for modelling dry deposition represent a major source of uncertainty for tropospheric ozone simulations. This potentially belongs to the reasons why global models, such as EMAC used here, overestimate ozone with respect to observations. In fact, the employed parameterization is hardly sensitive to local meteorological conditions (e.g., humidity) and lacks non-stomatal deposition. In this study, a dry deposition scheme including these features have been used in EMAC, affecting not only the deposition of ozone but of its precursors, resulting in lower chemical production of ozone. Additionally, we improved the emissions of isoprene and nitrous acid (HONO). Namely, for isoprene emissions we have accounted for the impact of drought stress which confers a higher model sensitivity to meteorology leading to reduced annual emissions down to 32 %. For HONO, we have implemented soil emissions, which depend on soil moisture and thus on precipitation. We estimate for the first time a global source strength of 7 Tg(N) a−1. Furthermore, the usage of a parameterization for the production of lightning NOx that depends on cloud top height contributes to a more realistic representation of NO2 columns over remote oceans with respect to the satellite measurements of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). The combination of all the model modifications reduces the simulated global ozone burden by ≈ 20 % to 337 Tg, which is in better agreement with recent estimates. By comparing simulation results with measurements from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR) databases (of 2009) we demonstrate an overall reduction of the ozone bias by a factor of 2.
Ice nucleation ability of ammonium sulfate aerosol particles internally mixed with secondary organics
Authors: Bertozzi Barbara , Wagner Robert , Song Junwei , Höhler Kristina , Pfeifer Joschka , Saathoff Harald , Leisner Thomas , Möhler Ottmar
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The abundance of aerosol particles and their ability to catalyze ice nucleation are key parameters to correctly understand and describe the aerosol indirect effect on the climate.
Cirrus clouds strongly influence the Earth's radiative budget, but their effect is highly sensitive to their formation mechanism, which is still poorly understood.
Sulfate and organics are among the most abundant aerosol components in the troposphere and have also been found in cirrus ice crystal residuals.
Most of the studies on ice nucleation at cirrus cloud conditions looked at either purely inorganic or purely organic particles.
However, particles in the atmosphere are mostly found as internal mixtures, the ice nucleation ability of which is not yet fully characterized. In this study, we investigated the ice nucleation ability of internally mixed particles composed of crystalline ammonium sulfate (AS) and secondary organic material (SOM) at temperatures between −50 and −65 ∘C. The SOM was generated from the ozonolysis of α-pinene.
The experiments were conducted in a large cloud chamber, which also allowed us to simulate various aging processes that the particles may experience during their transport in the atmosphere, like cloud cycling and redistribution of the organic matter. We found that the ice nucleation ability of the mixed AS / SOM particles is strongly dependent on the particle morphology.
Small organic mass fractions of 5 wt %–8 wt % condensed on the surface of AS crystals are sufficient to completely suppress the ice nucleation ability of the inorganic component, suggesting that the organic coating is evenly distributed on the surface of the seed particles.
In this case, the ice nucleation onset increased from a saturation ratio with respect to ice Sice∼1.30 for the pure AS crystals to ≥1.45 for the SOM-coated AS crystals. However, if such SOM-coated AS crystals are subjected to the mentioned aging processes, they show an improved ice nucleation ability with the ice nucleation onset at Sice∼1.35. We suggest that the aging processes change the particle morphology. The organic matter might redistribute on the surface to form a partially engulfed structure, where the ice-nucleation-active sites of the AS crystals are no longer completely masked by the organic coating, or the morphology of the organic coating layer might transform from a compact to a porous structure. Our results underline the complexity in representing the ice nucleation ability of internally mixed particles in cloud models. They also demonstrate the need to further investigate the impact of atmospheric aging and cloud processing on the morphology and related ice nucleation ability of internally mixed particles.
Estimating the optical extinction of liquid water clouds in the cloud base region
Authors: Sarna Karolina , Donovan David P. , Russchenberg Herman W. J.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Accurate lidar-based measurements of cloud optical extinction, even though perhaps limited to the cloud base region, are useful. Arguably, more advanced lidar techniques (e.g. Raman) should be applied for this purpose. However, simpler polarisation and backscatter lidars offer a number of practical advantages (e.g. better resolution and more continuous and numerous time series). In this paper, we present a backscatter lidar signal inversion method for the retrieval of the cloud optical extinction in the cloud base region. Though a numerically stable method for inverting lidar signals using a far-end boundary value solution has been demonstrated earlier and may be considered as being well established (i.e. the Klett inversion), the application to high-extinction clouds remains problematic. This is due to the inhomogeneous nature of real clouds, the finite range resolution of many practical lidar systems, and multiple scattering effects. We use an inversion scheme, where a backscatter lidar signal is inverted based on the estimated value of cloud extinction at the far end of the cloud, and apply a correction for multiple scattering within the cloud and a range resolution correction. By applying our technique to the inversion of synthetic lidar data, we show that, for a retrieval of up to 90 m from the cloud base, it is possible to obtain the cloud optical extinction within the cloud with an error better than 5 %. In relative terms, the accuracy of the method is smaller at the cloud base but improves with the range within the cloud until 45 m and deteriorates slightly until reaching 90 m from the cloud base.
Application of cloud particle sensor sondes for estimating the number concentration of cloud water droplets and liquid water content: case studies in the Arctic region
Authors: Inoue Jun , Tobo Yutaka , Sato Kazutoshi , Taketani Fumikazu , Maturilli Marion
Published: July 2021

Abstract. A cloud particle sensor (CPS) sonde is an observing system attached with a radiosonde sensor to observe the vertical structure of cloud properties. The signals obtained from CPS sondes are related to the phase, size, and number of cloud particles. The system offers economic advantages including human resource and simple operation costs compared with aircraft measurements and land-/satellite-based remote sensing. However, the observed information should be appropriately corrected because of several uncertainties. Here we made field experiments in the Arctic region by launching approximately 40 CPS sondes between 2018 and 2020. Using these data sets, a better practical correction method was proposed to exclude unreliable data, estimate the effective cloud water droplet radius, and determine a correction factor for the total cloud particle count. We apply this method to data obtained in October 2019 over the Arctic Ocean and March 2020 at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway, to compare with a particle counter aboard a tethered balloon and liquid water content retrieved by a microwave radiometer. The estimated total particle count and liquid water content from the CPS sondes generally agree with those data. Although further development and validation of CPS sondes based on dedicated laboratory experiments would be required, the practical correction approach proposed here would offer better advantages in retrieving quantitative information on the vertical distribution of cloud microphysics under the condition of a lower number concentration.
A 1 km resolution soil organic carbon dataset for frozen ground in the Third Pole
Authors: Wang Dong , Wu Tonghua , Zhao Lin , Mu Cuicui , Li Ren , Wei Xianhua , Hu Guojie , Zou Defu , Zhu Xiaofan , Chen Jie , Hao Junmin , Ni Jie , Li Xiangfei , Ma Wensi , Wen Amin , Shang Chengpeng , La Yune , Ma Xin , Wu Xiaodong
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is very important in the vulnerable
ecological environment of the Third Pole; however, data regarding the
spatial distribution of SOC are still scarce and uncertain. Based on
multiple environmental variables and soil profile data from 458 pits (depth
of 0–1 m) and 114 cores (depth of 0–3 m), this study uses a
machine-learning approach to evaluate the SOC storage and spatial
distribution at a depth interval of 0–3 m in the frozen ground area of the
Third Pole region. Our results showed that SOC stocks (SOCSs) exhibited a
decreasing spatial pattern from the southeast towards the northwest. The
estimated SOC storage in the upper 3 m of the soil profile was 46.18 Pg for
an area of 3.27×106 km2, which included 21.69 and
24.49 Pg for areas of permafrost and seasonally frozen ground, respectively.
Our results provide information on the storage and patterns of SOCSs at a
1 km resolution for areas of frozen ground in the Third Pole region, thus
providing a scientific basis for future studies pertaining to Earth system
models. The dataset is open-access and available at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4293454 (Wang et al., 2020).
Investigating the importance of sub-grid particle formation in point source plumes over eastern China using IAP-AACM v1.0 with a sub-grid parameterization
Authors: Wei Ying , Chen Xueshun , Chen Huansheng , Sun Yele , Yang Wenyi , Du Huiyun , Wu Qizhong , Chen Dan , Zhao Xiujuan , Li Jie , Wang Zifa
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The influence of sub-grid particle formation (SGPF) in point source plumes
on aerosol particles over eastern China was firstly illustrated by
implementing an SGPF scheme into a global–regional nested chemical transport
model with an aerosol microphysics module. The key parameter in the scheme was
optimized based on the observations in eastern China. With the
parameterization of SGPF, the spatial heterogeneity and diurnal variation in particle formation processes in sub-grid scale were well resolved. The SGPF
scheme can significantly improve the model performance in simulating aerosol
components and new particle formation processes at typical sites influenced
by point sources. The comparison with observations at Beijing, Wuhan and
Nanjing showed that the normal mean bias (NMB) of sulfate and ammonium could
be reduced by 23 %–27 % and 12 %–14 %, respectively. When wind
fields are well reproduced, the correlation of sulfate between simulation
and observation can be increased by 0.13 in Nanjing. Considering the diurnal
cycle of new particle formation, the SGPF scheme can greatly reduce the
overestimation of particle number concentration in nucleation and Aitken
mode at night caused by fixed-fraction parameterization of SGPF. On the
regional scale, downwind areas of point source experienced an increase in sulfate
concentration of 25 %–50 %. The results of this study indicate the
significant effects of SGPF on aerosol particles over areas with the point
source and the necessity of a reasonable representation of SGPF processes in
chemical transport models.
Kusz, Veronika. 2020. A Wayfaring Stranger: Ernst von Dohnányi’s American Years, 1949-1960. Oakland: University of California Press. 233 pp.
Authors: Lucas Sarah M.
Published: July 2021

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Veto, Miklos. 2020. From Budapest to Paris (1936-1957) – An Autobiography. Translated by Rajat D. Acharya. Eugene, Oregon: Resource Publications. 145 pp.
Authors: Szőke Dávid
Published: July 2021

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How to drown: bilingual creative writers in a sea of meanings
Authors: Patterson (aka Kawika Guillermo) Christopher B.
Published: July 2021

In many Southeast Asian countries, English represents a colonial tradition, whose merits co-exist alongside other languages that are also seen as creative : Mandarin, Tagalog, Cantonese, Malay. In the everyday, the bilingualism that emerges in these spaces is playful, with languages like Chinglish and Taglish re-invigorating the old kingdoms of proper English. And yet, as English educators we often take the playfulness out of language learning: we treat English as hierarchical, class-driven, authoritative, dignified, a certificate through which students can maximize their prospects. This essay argues for a playful teaching of English writing that does not see failure in grammar mistakes, or incorrectness in accents. Taking inspiration from writers like Jhumpa Lahiri, Shirley Geok-lin Lim, as well as my own bilingual creative writing students, I explore the ways in which we can perceive of English as a creative medium to communicate self-expression and feeling. In Hong Kong where I work, the colonial routes of bilingualism have always been in the colonial power’s favor, but this has hinged on the presumption that translation was done obediently, in respect to a sacred and immovable linguistic hierarchy, a tower of babel. Teaching in English need not be an authoritative nor a colonial practice. Instead, we can offer students an aporia of meaning engaged in play, delight, and failure.
El género y la edad como condicionantes de la satisfacción laboral entre el profesorado de español como lengua extranjera
Authors: Hidalgo Gallardo Matías , Méndez Santos María Del Carmen
Published: July 2021

La enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera es una profesión consolidada y con alta demanda en los últimos cuarenta años. Así son necesarias investigaciones que analicen la precariedad, discriminación o satisfacción laboral del profesorado para poder detectar las debilidades y señalar posibles mejoras. Este estudio se centra en dos factores, edad y género, como condicionantes del grado de bienestar docente. Para poder describir cómo ambos supeditan la percepción del profesorado acerca de su situación laboral se elaboró un cuestionario que se organizó en torno a ocho dimensiones. El tratamiento de los datos se realizó mediante SPSS. Los principales resultados son que los niveles de satisfacción general son altos, aunque decrecen entre las mujeres y quienes son más jóvenes. Esta tendencia entronca con la sensación de que esta profesión es vocacional y que, a pesar de las condiciones laborales negativas, los docentes son capaces de lidiar con ellas con razonable éxito.
Evaluasi Kebijakan BLT Dana Desa di Desa Sukoharjo II Kecamatan Sukoharjo Kabupaten Pringsewu
Authors: Iswanto Beny
Published: July 2021

The impact of Covid 19 made the government in Sukoharjo village, Sukoharjo sub-district, Pringsewu regency, pour out village funds that should have been converted into BLT for residents affected by covid 19. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the policies of the Sukoharjo II village government that have been ongoing. This study used a qualitative approach, namely describing the policies adopted in the village of Sukoharjo II coherently. data collection methods using interviews and documentation, then the data collected is analyzed with a qualitative approach. The result is that the Sukoharjo II village government has succeeded in carrying out policies that have been running well based on indicators of evaluation of public policies from William N Dunn, such as effectiveness, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and accuracy have been running in accordance with government regulations that determine potential family beneficiaries of village funds in accordance with regulations. issued by the central government and the regional government of Pringsewu Regency by synchronizing the data in advance with the integrated list of prosperous families (DTKS) from the Social Service Agency. Keywords : Impact of Pandemic, Village Fund  Assistance, Policy Evaluation
CRITERIA-BASED ASSESSMENT AS A FACTOR OF INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PEDAGOGICAL INTERACTION OF PARTICIPANTS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Semenova L. A. , Kazantsev A. I.
Published: July 2021

Improving the efficiency of the students' learning process, finding ways to activate their independence, the teacher and the student entering into a productive dialogue are topical issues of modern education. In the conditions of the credit system of teaching students, the main tasks are to unify the amount of knowledge, create conditions for maximum individualization of training, strengthen the role and effectiveness of independent work of students. We believe that students' mastery of self-control and mutual control skills through the use of criteria-based assessment technology is extremely necessary, and the use of criteria allows us to assess the advantages and disadvantages of specific assessment procedures. The article describes the results of a pedagogical study conducted by the authors among students of the 1-2 courses of the Innovative Eurasian University, where the method of  L.V. Baiborodova was chosen as a tool to identify problems of interaction between a teacher and students. In the course of the study, the problems encountered by students in the learning process were analyzed, algorithms for organizing and conducting lectures and practical classes were proposed, allowing the teacher and the student to build an effective interaction process, the results of testing the proposed algorithms were described. The conducted experiment showed that the use of criteria-based assessment allows  to effectively organize pedagogical interaction at the university.
What Role Do Language Learning Mindsets Play in English Medium Instruction? A Comparison of Engineering and Business Administration in Turkey
Authors: Yuksel Dogan , Curle Samantha , Kaya Sibel
Published: July 2021

This article explores the relationship between Turkish undergraduate students’ language learning mindsets, English language achievement, and English medium instruction (EMI) academic success. Student test score data on an EMI course and an English language course were collected from fourth year students studying mechatronics engineering (n = 68) and business administration (n = 75) at a public university. Students also responded to the Language Learning Mindsets Inventory (Lou & Noels, 2019). Regression analyses revealed that both incremental (positively) and entity (negatively) mindsets predicted academic success in engineering. Neither mindset was a statistically significant predictor of mechatronics engineering students’ English language achievement. Business administration students’ academic success and English language achievement were both statistically significantly predicted by both incremental (positively) and entity (negatively) mindsets. These results are discussed according to discipline-based differences in EMI courses and pedagogical implications are explored.
Viscosity approximation method for solving variational inequality problem in real Banach spaces
Authors: Ugwunnadi Godwin
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we study the implicit and inertial-type viscosity approximation method for approximating a solution to the hierarchical variational inequality problem. Under some mild conditions on the parameters, we prove that the sequence generated by the proposed methods converges strongly to a solution of the above-mentioned problem in $q$-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. The results obtained in this paper generalize and improve many recent results in this direction.
The relationship between drug price and purity and population level harm
Authors: Hughes Catilin , Hulme Shann
Published: July 2021

In illicit drug markets, the price and purity of drugs change frequently. While it is well known that purity-adjusted price affects drug use, impacts on other outcomes are less clear. This rapid review examines the relationship between price, purity and seven population level measures of drug-related harm and any differences across three drug types. With a few exceptions, it found an inverse relationship between purity-adjusted price and drug-related harm, with higher purity-adjusted price associated with less drug-related harm, and lower purity-adjusted price associated with increased harm. This shows the value of price and purity data for predicting drug market impacts and the importance of improving price and purity data collection and analyses, particularly in Australia.
Methane emissions from lambs fed kikuyu hay alone or mixtured with lotus hay
Authors: Vargas Juan , Pabon Martha Lucia , Carulla Juan E.
Published: July 2021

Dietaryinclusionof contain­tanninlegumes mayreduce enteric methane emissioninruminants. Toevaluate methane emissions fromsheep fed with a kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus) diet partially substitutedwith lotus(Lotus uliginosus), twelve growing lambs, with 23 ± 2 kg average liveweight, were assigned randomly totwo treatments and with three measurement periods in a switchover design. Treatments consisted of 100 %kikuyuhay or 70 %kikuyu hay: 30 %lotus hay and with 6 lambs per treatment. Each of three periods lasted 20 d, where thefirst 15 d were for acclimatization and the last 5 d for measurements. Lambs were placed in metabolic cages and fedonce a day (8 AM) at 90 %of their voluntary feedintake, with free access to drinking water. Feedintake, fecalproductionandfeeddigestibility were determinedat eachperiod. Methane productionwas measuredfor eachtreatment group of 6 lambs using the poly­tunnel technique. Legume addition reduced total methane production(27.6vs.23.1 g animal­1; p < 0.01), methane production per dry matter intake (DMI) (18.8 vs. 12.2 g kg­1DMI; p <0.01), methane production per digestible OM(DOM) (36.1vs. 23.4 g kg­1DOM; p < 0.01) and methane productionper digestible NDF (DNDF) (43.5vs. 34.0 g kg­1DNDF; p < 0.01). In conclusion, lotus inclusion in pasture systemscould be a suitable legume to reduce methane emissions in grazing systems.
Preliminary observations on carcass traits and meat yield of five types of Brahman-influenced grass-fed bulls
Authors: Riera Sigala Tomas , Huerta Leidenz Nelson O. , Jerez Timaure Nancy C , Rodas Gonzalez Argenis , Ordonez Vela Jorge A. , Moya Alexis
Published: July 2021

Benefitingfrominterventionsof thesavannaecosystem, breedersinLosLlanosof ApureState(Venezuela) are exploring the opportunity to improve cattle genetics by implementing crossbreeding programs.Fifty bulls (23 months of age) of five types of Brahman influence [Brahman (n =10), F1 Angus x Brahman (F1­Angus; n = 10), F1 Chianina x Brahman (F1­Chianina; n = 10), F1 Romosinuano x Brahman (F1­Romosinuano; n =10), and F1 Simmental x Brahman (F1­Simmental; n = 10)] were selected to be compared in carcass performance(linear measurements, quality and quantity indicators, Venezuelan and U.S. grades, and cutability) at a desirableconformation endpoint with a suitable market weight of 480 kg. An ANOVA­covariance was performed using thegeneralized linear model and frequency distribution of Venezuelan and U.S. grades by breed type were comparedusing theχ2test (P < 0.05). Shorter Brahman carcasses exhibited the most abundant finish, significantly differentfromthe longer F1­Simmental and F1­Romosinuano counterparts. All carcasses fell into the Ayoungest maturityand were eligible for the USDA"Bullock" class designation; 62%reached the top Venezuelan quality grade, 96%graded U.S. Standard and 64%reached the U.S. yield grade 1, indicating superior cutability. Significant differences(P<0.05)in yieldof individual cuts (ribeye +striploin, andcuts fromthe round) were detectedbetween F1­Romosinuano and Brahman, F1­Angus, and F1­Chianina counterparts. F1­Chianina bulls had slight but significant(P<0.05) advantages inyieldof high­valuedboneless cuts as comparedtothose of F1­RomosinuanoandF1­Simmental counterparts. Conversely, F1­RomosinuanooutperformedF1­Chianina in1.73 %of medium­valuedboneless cuts (P<0.05).Under the sample selectioncriteria andharvest endpoint, slight changes incarcassperformance can be expected fromcrossbreeding.
Crecimiento predestete de terneros Criollo argentinos
Authors: Holgado Fernando Daniel , Ortega Masague Maria Florencia , Rabasa Alicia E. , Cantarella Gabriela Eugenia
Published: July 2021

El peso al destete de los terneros depende principalmente de la tasa de crecimiento predestete, y está asociada a la aptitud lechera de la vaca. La leche es el principal alimento disponible durante los dos primeros meses de vida del ternero y es partir del tercer mes cuando el consumo de forraje empieza a tomar relevancia, siendo de importancia su calidad. En el Noroeste Argentino la cría bovina se basa en la utilización de gramíneas perennes C4 de crecimiento estival, niveles elevados de fibra y moderada digestibilidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la ganancia de peso de terneros Criollos en dos etapas previas al destete: desde el nacimiento hasta los 130 días de vida y desde los 131 días hasta el destete a los 205 días. Se trabajó con las crías nacidas los años 2014, 2015 y 2016. Para el análisis se utilizó proc GLM del paquete estadístico SAS. El modelo incluyó como efectos fijos la edad al parto de la madre, el sexo de la cría y el año de parto. Los resultados indican efectos significativos para las tres variables analizadas (P<0.05). La ganancia de peso promedio desde el nacimiento hasta los 130 días de vida fue de 648,0 g/d, resultando superior a las del segundo período de 422,8 g/d. Los terneros machos presentaron ganancias de peso superiores a las hembras y las crías de vacas adultas, de 7 a 10 años al parto, tuvieron los mayores valores de ganancias de peso en ambas etapas. La ganancia diaria de peso, en el segundo periodo, representó el 68% de la ganancia de peso de la primera etapa, lo que refleja una disminución en la producción de leche de la vaca que no llega a ser compensada por el forraje disponible.
Dinámica anual de peso y condición corporal en vacas de raza Criollo Argentino
Authors: Holgado Fernando Daniel , Ortega Masague Maria Florencia , Fernandez Jorge Luis
Published: July 2021

Los sistemas de cría pastoriles y extensivos generalmente poseen una baja disponibilidad de reservas forrajeras. En el subtrópico, las pasturas megatérmicas presentan un período de reposo y otro de crecimiento, en el que se produce y reserva el pasto para el consumo del año completo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la dinámica anual de peso y condición corporal en vacas Criollas y su relación con la alimentación. Se empleó información correspondiente a los años 2011 a 2015. Las categorías de acuerdo a la edad en años de las vacas evaluadas fue: 5, 6, 7-10, 11-12, 13-14 y 15-16 años. Se registró peso y condición corporal al inicio (PES1 y CCES1) y final del servicio (PSS y CCSS), al destete de las crías (PDTT y CCDTT) y al inicio del servicio siguiente (PES2 y CCES2). Además se evaluó la ganancia diaria de peso durante el servicio (AMD1), fin de servicio a destete (AMD2), destete a siguiente servicio (AMD3) e interanual (AMD4). Para el análisis se utilizó proc GLM. El modelo incluyó como efectos fijos la edad de vaca (EM) y el año (AP). Para la comparación de medias se empleó el test de Tukey-Kramer. En promedio la CCES fue 2,77±0.16 con un peso de 406.7±27.0 kg, mientras que la CCSS promedio fue 3.37±0.16 con un peso de 442.8±26.0 kg. El AMD1 resultó en 404±20 g/d y 78±52 g/d la media de AMD2, aumentando la CC 0.14 puntos. Las vacas ingresaron al periodo de forrajes diferidos con una CCDTT media de 3.5±0.21. Y desde la práctica de destete al servicio siguiente perdieron peso y CC, siendo el AMD3 medio -163 g/d ±16. La CCES2 fue 2.80±0.17. La dinámica evaluada resulta importante para poder interpretar resultados reproductivos y planificar posibles estrategias nutricionales.
Curva de lactação de vacas da raça Pantaneira no alto Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense/Brasil: características e ajuste de modelos
Authors: Leite Franciscatti Paloma Maria , Conatti Fran Franscine , Morais de Oliveira Marcus Vinicius , Ferreira Luz Dirce , Marcatti Gustavo Eduardo
Published: July 2021

Objetivou-se observar a produção e a composição físico-química do leite e as características da curva de lactação de vacas da raça Pantaneira, e selecionar modelos matemáticos de curva de lactação encontrados na literatura. Utilizou-se 10 animais multíparos, em condição de pastoreio rotacionado, com a gramínea Megathyrsus maximum cv. Mombaça. A coleta de dados iniciou-se logo após o parto e durou até o encerramento natural da lactogênese. A ordenha foi realizada manualmente, às 7:00 e às 16:00h, com a presença do bezerro, e a pesagem do leite efetuada diariamente. As curvas de lactação individuais foram estimadas utilizando-se o parâmetro univariável. Para o ajuste de modelos matemáticos de curva de lactação, foi utilizado uma base de dados de 3.960 medidas de produção de leite. Foram comparados oito modelos que têm sido utilizados na literatura para representar curvas de lactação. A lactação de vacas persistiu por 180 dias, com média diária de produção de leite de 4,93 kg. O pico de lactação ocorreu do 35 aos 50º dias. O leite apresentou em média 5,2% de gordura e 3,2% de proteína. O modelo que apresentou o melhor ajuste de curva de lactação foi o modelo de Pollot.
Estado actual del Banco de Germoplasma Animal en Colombia: organización y manejo
Authors: Jimenez Hugo R. , Bejarano Diego H , Velazquez Penagos Jose Henry , Rivera Eliana Neira , Rugeles Barandica Luisa A. , Gonzalez Almario Carolina
Published: July 2021

En las últimas dos décadas, Colombia ha realizado grandes avances en la conservación de algunos de sus recursos zoogenéticos importantes para la producción agropecuaria y la alimentación. El propósito inicial de conservar estos recursos zoogenéticos locales, fue el de recuperar razas de animales, principalmente bovinos, porcinos y ovinos que estaban a punto de desaparecer y establecer así núcleos puros que permitieran desarrollar programas para su conservación. Actualmente, estos animales se mantienen en centros de investigación de AGROSAVIA gracias al apoyo del gobierno colombiano en sistemas de conservación in vivo e in vitro. Desde su inicio, la estrategia de conservar estos núcleos ha sido mantener la variabilidad genética de las razas criollas y generar estrategias para fortalecer su conservación, caracterización, promoción y uso, sin dejar a un lado iniciativas que permitan incrementar la productividad animal y enfrentar los desafíos como la intensificación de los sistemas productivos, los efectos del cambio climático y los altos costos de mantenimiento en que incurre el Banco de Germoplasma Animal en Colombia. El éxito de la conservación de los recursos zoogenéticos en Colombia, dependerá en gran medida de la apropiación y aceptación de los productores colombianos para la inserción de estas razas en los sistemas de producción agropecuaria. Por otro lado, se requiere que el Banco de Germoplasma Animal incorpore otras especies o razas que se encuentran igualmente en peligro de desaparecer, y no cuentan con la protección del gobierno local.
Calidad sensorial y composición nutricional del músculo Longissimus dorsi de bovinos criollos, Cebú y sus cruces en Colombia
Authors: Florez Diaz Hernando , León Llanos Leandro Mauricio , Moreno Moreno Eudoro , Martínez Correal Germán
Published: July 2021

La calidad instrumental del músculo del lomo de bovinos criollos y los cruces en la Orinoquia colombiana presenta mejores características que la de bovinos Cebú; sin embargo, no se conocen las diferencias en la percepción por los consumidores y su composición nutricional. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad sensorial y la composición nutricional del lomo de bovinos criollos, Cebú y cruces en las condiciones de la Orinoquia colombiana para promover el consumo de carne de bovinos criollos. Se utilizaron cortes de carne del músculo Longissimus dorsi (n: 72), de toros Sanmartinero (SM) y novillos Cebú (C), Sanmartinero×Cebú (SM×C) y Blanco Orejinegro×Cebú (BON×C). Se encontró interacción entre el grupo racial y los días de exposición con menor calificación en el SM y BON×C comparados con Cebú y SM×C, para el peor punto de color (p < 0.0001) los días 3 y 5, color total (p < 0.0001) los días 1, 3 y 5 y decoloración (p < 0.0001) el día 5. La carne de BON×C presentó menor calificación de la terneza miofibrilar (p = 0.029), comparada con las otras razas y la jugosidad de la carne fue mayor en el SM en comparación con SM×C y BON×C (p < 0.0001). La carne de C tuvo menor concentración de colesterol total (p = 0.0015), potasio (p = 0.0257) y zinc (p = 0.0079) en comparación con el BON×C y SM×C; el fósforo fue menor (p = 0.0335) y el magnesio tendió a ser menor (p = 0.0943) en el C, con respecto al SM×C, pero no con el BON×C. En conclusión, se encontraron diferencias en calidad sensorial y composición nutricional de la carne de los grupos raciales evaluados que son promisorias para el desarrollo de estrategias de mercadeo y comercialización que aumenten el consumo de la carne criolla en Colombia.
Razas locales ante emergencias ambientales: desempeño y aportes a partir del repoblamiento con Cabras Criollas Neuquinas en Patagonia, Argentina.
Authors: Lanari Maria Rosa , Losardo Pablo , Pérez Centeno Marcelo Javier , Moronta Martin , Ejarque Mercedes , Lammel Sofia , Preda Graciela , Cumilaf Ana Maria , Fornasa Alejandro
Published: July 2021

La Línea Sur de Río Negro (Patagonia, Argentina) es una zona caracterizada por su clima árido-semiárido de secano y sujeta a eventos naturales extremos, como sequías y nevadas abundantes. Estos factores impulsaron la pérdida de stock ganadero (principal actividad productiva), comprometiendo la persistencia de las familias campesinas. Frente a esta situación, se desarrolló desde instituciones estatales y asociaciones de productores la iniciativa de repoblamiento con Cabras Criollas Neuquinas. Esta raza fue elegida por su rusticidad y habilidad para producir en condiciones de escasez de forraje y clima extremo y su disponibilidad en un área cercana (norte de Neuquén). Si bien había antecedentes de su producción en la región, las especies y razas históricamente predominantes han sido los ovinos Merino y las cabras Angora. En este trabajo se analiza esta iniciativa de repoblamiento, específicamente los cambios productivos, la organización del trabajo y las contribuciones en la economía de las familias campesinas. Los resultados demuestran que las Cabras Criollas Neuquinas se adaptaron a la zona y no generaron dificultades de manejo, basándose en los saberes campesinos propios y compartidos con los crianceros neuquinos. Contribuyeron en la provisión de carne para el autoconsumo, generaron nuevos ingresos a partir de la venta de crías y permitieron la diversificación de sus economías con nuevos productos, como cashmere, leche (queso) y cuero. Los campesinos destacaron la posibilidad de sostener la actividad productiva en el ámbito familiar, incluyendo el retorno de miembros que habían migrado. Así, se evidencia que las razas locales pueden dar respuesta inmediata para procurar la seguridad alimentaria y contribuir a la continuidad de la población rural.
Porcicultura tradicional en el Pacifico colombiano
Authors: Arredondo Botero Julia Victoria , Muñoz Florez Jaime Eduardo , Arenas Luis Emilio , Mosquera Moises , Pacheco Esildo , Alvarez Luz Ángela
Published: July 2021

La porcicultura de traspatio constituye una actividad fundamental para la seguridad alimentaria en gran parte de las áreas rurales de la Región Pacífica colombiana, dado que se basa en conocimientos ancestrales, involucra mano de obra familiar, es una actividad poco demandante de inversión económica al aprovechar recursos de la región, preserva al cerdo criollo que es un recurso zoogenético importante y sirve como fuente de ahorro para las familias de regiones apartadas del país. Sin embargo, las características del sistema productivo han sido poco documentadas. Con el objetivo de caracterizar los sistemas tradicionales de producción porcina en la Región Pacifica colombiana, se realizaron 97 encuestas que fueron clasificadas en cuatro grupos según las características del área geográfica: Chocó, Trópico bajo de Cauca y Nariño (NC), trópico alto de Cauca (Cauca) y trópico alto de Nariño (Nariño). En cada sitio de muestreo se obtuvo información socioeconómica referente a la vivienda, la familia y el productor, así como información técnica referente al sistema productivo. En las zonas rurales del Pacífico colombiano el número de cerdos criollos está disminuyendo progresivamente. Las principales causas de ello son el desplazamiento de cultivos de consumo humano por cultivos ilícitos, el desconocimiento de las propiedades del cerdo criollo, la falta de asistencia técnica y la falta de apoyo gubernamental para proyectos productivos. Existen además problemas de orden público y pérdida de vocación agropecuaria. Con todo esto la seguridad alimentaria de la zona está en riesgo.