bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal dynamics of urban heat environment at the township scale: A case study in Jinan city, China
Authors: Wang Dongchao , Cao Jianfei , Zhang Baolei , Kong Kangning , Wang Run
Published: September 2024

The prolonged dependence on industrial development has accentuated the cumulative effects of pollutants. Simultaneously, influenced by land construction activities and green space depletion, the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect in cities has intensified year by year, jeopardizing the foundation of sustainable urban development. Prudent urban spatial planning holds the potential to robustly ameliorate the persistent deterioration of the UHI phenomenon. This study selects Jinan City as a case study and employs spatial autocorrelation and spatial regression algorithms to explore the spatiotemporal evolution of urban-rural patterns at the township scale. The aim is to identify key factors driving the spatiotemporal differentiation of Land Surface Temperature (LST) from 2013 to 2022. The research reveals a trend of initially rising and subsequently falling LST in various townships, with low-temperature concentration areas in the southern mountainous region and the northern plain area. The "West-Central-East" main urban axis and the southeast Laiwu District exhibit high-temperature zones. Significant influences on LST are attributed to pollution levels, topographical factors, urbanization levels, and urban greenness. The global Moran’s Index for LST exceeds 0.7, indicating a strong positive spatial correlation. Cluster analysis results indicate High-High (HH) clustering in the central Shizhong District and Low-Low (LL) clustering in the northern Shanghe County. Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) outperforms Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Ordinary Linear Regression (OLR), providing a more accurate reflection of the regression relationships between variables. By investigating the spatiotemporal evolution of LST and its driving factors at the township scale, this study contributes insights for future urban planning and sustainable development.
The OASIS walking study—Older adults with cognitive impairment performing sit to stands and walking in transitional care programs: Protocol for a feasibility study
Authors: Cumal Alexia , Colella Tracey J. F. , Puts Martine T. , McGilton Katherine S.
Published: September 2024

Older adults with cognitive impairment often experience low mobility and functional decline in hospital, transfer to facility-based transitional care programs, and have poorer outcomes compared to those without cognitive impairment. This protocol paper describes a study which aims to determine the feasibility of, satisfaction with, and efficacy of a nurse-led mobility intervention (OASIS Walking Intervention) for older adults with cognitive impairment in facility-based transitional care programs in Ontario, Canada. A quasi-experimental one-group time series feasibility study will be conducted. A sample size of 26 participants will be recruited from two transitional care programs in Ontario, Canada. Participants will receive the OASIS Walking Intervention for up to 45 minutes per session, 5 sessions per week, for 6 weeks. The intervention consists of: 1) a patient-centered communication care plan; 2) sit to stand activity; and 3) a walking program. Feasibility will be determined by: a) recruitment rate; b) retention rate; and c) adherence. Efficacy of the intervention will be determined by the change over time in older adults’ lower extremity muscle strength, mobility, and functional status and by their discharge destination (home vs. nursing home). Satisfaction will be measured using the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire. Efficacy outcomes will be measured before the start of the intervention, after 3 weeks of the intervention, and immediately after 6-week intervention. Descriptive statistics will be used for measures of feasibility, satisfaction, and discharge destination. Repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) will be used to analyze efficacy. Ethics approval has been received for this study. Findings from the study will be used to refine the intervention for use in a definitive pilot trial. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, international conferences, through group presentations at the study sites, and through the study site networks.

Trial registration: The trial has been registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06150339).
Coping styles in refugees with PTSD: Results from a randomized trial comparing EMDR therapy and stabilization
Authors: van Heemstra Henriëtte , van der Aa Niels , Mooren Trudy , Medema Daniel , Vink Gerko , Knipscheer Jeroen , Moradi Ali , Kleber Rolf , ter Heide Jackie June
Published: September 2024

Background

While treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in refugees is generally effective, many refugees remain symptomatic after treatment. Coping styles could be relevant to PTSD treatment response and as such may be a potential focus of PTSD treatment.

Aims

The study aims to examine 1) if baseline coping styles are related to treatment response after EMDR therapy or stabilization, and 2) if coping styles change during these treatments.

Method

Seventy-two refugees with PTSD were randomly allocated to 12 hours of EMDR therapy or stabilization. A coping questionnaire (COPE-easy) and clinical interview for PTSD (CAPS-IV) were administered before and after treatment and at three-month follow-up. The association between baseline coping styles and PTSD symptom change was examined using regression analysis and a t-test. Changes in coping styles were analyzed using mixed design ANOVA.

Results

No significant relations between baseline coping style levels and PTSD symptom changes were found. Additionally, coping style levels did not change significantly after either treatment.

Conclusion

Contrary to the hypothesis, we did not find any evidence that treatment was related to (changes in) coping style. Addressing pre-treatment coping styles among refugees receiving short-term therapy, may not be required for reducing PTSD. Changing coping styles may need a longer or different type of treatment.
Persistent homology reveals robustness loss in inhaled substance abuse rs-fMRI networks
Authors: Mijangos Martin , Pacheco Lucero , Bravetti Alessandro , González-García Nadia , Padilla Pablo , Velasco-Segura Roberto
Published: September 2024

Analyzing functional brain activity through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is commonly done using tools from graph theory for the analysis of the correlation matrices. A drawback of these methods is that the networks must be restricted to values of the weights of the edges within certain thresholds and there is no consensus about the best choice of such thresholds. Topological data analysis (TDA) is a recently-developed tool in algebraic topology which allows us to analyze networks through combinatorial spaces obtained from them, with the advantage that all the possible thresholds can be considered at once. In this paper we applied TDA, in particular persistent homology, to study correlation matrices from rs-fMRI, and through statistical analysis, we detected significant differences between the topological structures of adolescents with inhaled substance abuse disorder (ISAD) and healthy controls. We interpreted the topological differences as indicative of a loss of robustness in the functional brain networks of the ISAD population.
Thermal phenomena and size effects of Mg powder in combustion process
Authors: Nam Ki-Hun , Park Jung Kyu , Lee Jun-Sik
Published: September 2024

Magnesium is a combustible metal that poses various safety risks, including fires and explosions. However, there are limited safety measures available to prevent and respond to potential fires and explosion incidents in the metal industry. In this study, the combustion process of Mg fires was closely examined using infrared thermal imaging, focusing on the effects of Mg powder size. For the experiment, Mg powder was burned by increasing the temperature to approximately 967.4 K using an ignition unit and controller equipped with a tungsten heater. Moreover, combustion velocity measurement experiments for Mg particle sizes of 75, 100, and 150 μm were conducted using the combustion velocity measurement device presented in the NFPA 484 standard. On combustion of Mg, flames are observed; smoke is emitted as demonstrated by thermal and flow visualization experiments. The combustion velocity measurement experiment results demonstrated that the greater the slope value (combustion velocity) for the combustion length over time, the faster is the combustion velocity, with the 75 μm particle size having the fastest combustion velocity. The results of this experiment can be utilized as references for Mg fire control design and to gain a better understanding of the scope of smoke and fire hazard investigation measures.
Amygdalin prevents multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced lung epithelial cell injury by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress
Authors: Wang Zhaolei , Du Haixia , Wan Haofang , Yang Jiehong , Wan Haitong
Published: September 2024

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe bacterial pneumonia. Amygdalin is the main active pharmaceutical ingredient of bitter almond, which has broad-spectrum antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and immunomodulatory effects. It is also the main ingredient of Yinhua Pinggan granule, which is commonly used to moisten the lung and relieve cough. However, little is known about the effects of amygdalin on MRSA. In this study, we found that amygdalin exhibited good antimicrobial activity in vitro against MRSA. Amygdalin has a protective effect on MRSA infected cells, and the effect is better when combined with levofloxacin. It also can reduce the adhesion and invasion of MRSA to cells. Amygdalin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which can significantly reduce the increase of inflammatory factors and the production of ROS caused by infection. The protective mechanism of amygdalin on cells may be related to inhibiting the expression of NLRP3, ASC and IL-1β pyroptosis pathways. Taken together, our study suggests that amygdalin exerts antibacterial effects by affecting biofilm formation, the expression of virulence factors, and drug resistance genes. Amygdalin combined with levofloxacin has a protective effect on A549 cells infected with MRSA, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammatory response, oxidative damage and pyroptosis.
Peculiar transcriptional reprogramming with functional impairment of dendritic cells upon exposure to transformed HTLV-1-infected cells
Authors: Carcone Auriane , Mortreux Franck , Alais Sandrine , Mathieu Cyrille , Journo Chloé , Dutartre Hélène
Published: September 2024

Manipulation of immune cell functions, independently of direct infection of these cells, emerges as a key process in viral pathophysiology. Chronic infection by Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with immune dysfunctions, including misdirected responses of dendritic cells (DCs). Here, we interrogate the ability of transformed HTLV-1-infected T cells to manipulate human DC functions. We show that exposure to transformed HTLV-1-infected T cells induces a biased and peculiar transcriptional signature in monocyte-derived DCs, associated with an inefficient maturation and a poor responsiveness to subsequent stimulation by a TLR4 agonist. This poor responsiveness is also associated with a unique transcriptional landscape characterized by a set of genes whose expression is either conferred, impaired or abolished by HTLV-1 pre-exposure. Induction of this functional impairment requires several hours of coculture with transformed HTLV-1-infected cells, and associated mechanisms driven by viral capture, cell-cell contacts, and soluble mediators. Altogether, this cross-talk between infected T cells and DCs illustrate how HTLV-1 might co-opt communications between cells to induce a unique local tolerogenic immune microenvironment suitable for its own persistence.
Multifaceted activation of STING axis upon Nipah and measles virus-induced syncytia formation
Authors: Amurri Lucia , Dumont Claire , Pelissier Rodolphe , Reynard Olivier , Mathieu Cyrille , Spanier Julia , Pályi Bernadett , Déri Daniel , Karkowski Ludovic , Gonzalez Claudia , Skerra Jennifer , Kis Zoltán , Kalinke Ulrich , Horvat Branka , Iampietro Mathieu
Published: September 2024

Activation of the DNA-sensing STING axis by RNA viruses plays a role in antiviral response through mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the STING pathway regulates Nipah virus (NiV) replication in vivo in mice. Moreover, we demonstrate that following both NiV and measles virus (MeV) infection, IFNγ-inducible protein 16 (IFI16), an alternative DNA sensor in addition to cGAS, induces the activation of STING, leading to the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and the production of IFNβ and interleukin 6. Finally, we found that paramyxovirus-induced syncytia formation is responsible for loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and leakage of mitochondrial DNA in the cytoplasm, the latter of which is further detected by both cGAS and IFI16. These results contribute to improve our understanding about NiV and MeV immunopathogenesis and provide potential paths for alternative therapeutic strategies.
Myristica fragrans Houtt. methanol extract as a promising treatment for Cryptosporidium parvum infection in experimentally immunosuppressed and immunocompetent mice
Authors: Shanawany Eman E. El , Abouelmagd Faten , Taha Noha Madbouly , Zalat Rabab S. , Abdelrahman Enas H. , Abdel-Rahman Eman H.
Published: September 2024

Background and Aim: Cryptosporidiosis is a major waterborne disease affecting ruminants and humans worldwide. It causes diarrhea and neonatal mortality in buffalo calves, and watery diarrhea and mortality in children and immunodeficient patients. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Myristica fragrans methanolic extract in treatment of C. parvum infection in comparison with nitazoxanide (NZX) (a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug control) in immunosuppressed and immunocompetent mice.

Materials and Methods: One hundred laboratory-bred male Swiss albino mice were equally divided into immunocompetent and immunosuppressed groups. Each group was further divided into five subgroups: (1) non-infected and non-treated control, (2) infected and non-treated control (infected with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts 3 × 103), (3) NZX-treated (100 mg/kg, 200 μL/mouse), (4) M. fragrans Houtt. methanol extract-treated (500 mg/kg), and (5) combination-treated (NZX + M. fragrans extract). Number of oocysts/g of feces, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G level, and interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-4 levels were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect.

Results: C. parvum oocyst shedding in stool samples was significantly decreased in all treatment groups, with 79.7%, 81.2 %, and 85.5 % reduction in immunocompetent mice treated with NZX, M. fragrans, and their combination, respectively. In immunosuppressed mice, oocyst shedding was reduced by 77.7%, 80.5 %, and 83.7 % upon NZX, M. fragrans, and their combination treatments, respectively. The serum IgG level was lowest in mice treated with a mixture of M. fragrans and NZX, followed by those treated with NZX, and was highest in mice treated with M. fragrans alone. Regarding cytokine levels, all groups treated with M. fragrans had low levels of IFN-γ and IL4 on day 21 post-infection.

Conclusion: Collectively, the treatment of cryptosporidiosis with M. fragrans extract was successful in mice, as demonstrated by the measured parameters. M. fragrans reduced C. parvum oocyst shedding and serum IgG, IFN-γ, and IL-4 levels in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice.

Keywords: Cryptosporidium parvum, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, immunosuppressed mice and immunocompetent mice, Myristica fragrans Houtt., treatment.
Relationship between bull signalment and testicular attributes in a Kenyan bull station
Authors: Munywoki Peterkin Nzomo , Kipyegon Ambrose Ng’eno , Nabulindo Wilkister Nakami , Wambugu Roselyne , Kios David
Published: September 2024

Background and Aim: Male fertility is essential to bovine reproduction, particularly when bulls are used for artificial insemination or single-sire breeding. Bull breeding and soundness examinations (BBSE) are routinely undertaken to identify potentially unfit bulls for breeding. Multiple criteria, including physical examination and determination of testicular and semen parameters, characterize BBSE. Knowledge interstices within this realm, especially in tropical African settings, necessitate pragmatic approaches to address the same. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of bull parameters on testicular attributes in a tropical setting.

Materials and Methods: The present study recruited healthy bulls (n = 96) aged >16 months with active semen collection used for artificial insemination at the Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Center. The breed breakdown was as follows: Ayrshire (n = 40), Boran (n = 3), Friesian (n = 36), Guernsey (n = 5), Jersey (n = 7), and Sahiwal (n = 5). Age, breed, body weight, scrotal circumference (SC), and testicular echotexture were collected, and the findings were analyzed using R statistical software.

Results: SC increased with age and body weight (p < 0.0001). SC varied from one breed to the others (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, as determined using trans-scrotal ultrasonography, hyperechoic testicular lesions were present in 30.21% of the bulls imaged, and the incidence was significantly related to age (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: SC is significantly affected by age and body weight. The mean SC was higher in the Bos indicus, but this finding is only indicative because the Sahiwal and Boran sample sizes were small. Notably, the prevalence of hyperechoic testicular foci following trans-scrotal ultrasonography was common in older bulls. However, there is a need to further elucidate this phenomenon’s pathophysiology with age as the etiology and possible sequelae of semen quality.

Keywords: age, body weight, breed, scrotal circumference, testicular ultrasonography.
Ethanolic extract of Ficus religiosa leaves alleviates aluminum-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and neuroinflammation in rat brain
Authors: Massand Amit B. , Rai Ashwin R. , Blossom Vandana , Pai Mangala M. , Jiji P. J. , Rai Rajalakshmi
Published: September 2024

Background and Aim: Aluminum (Al)-induced neurotoxicity is known to play a pivotal role in the development of various neurodegenerative diseases, and this is alleged to occur through neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. This study aimed to determine the effect of Ficus religiosa (FR) leaf extract on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation induced by Al exposure in the rat brain by estimating malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL6), and total antioxidant (TAO) levels along with the degree of neurodegeneration in the brain of AlCl3-administered and FR leaf extract-treated rats.

Materials and Methods: Two- to three-month-old male albino Wistar rats weighing 250–280 g were used in the present study. The animals were randomly divided into seven groups, with 12 rats in each group. The groups were categorized as control, Al-intoxicated, FR treatment groups of two dosages, FR control rats of two dosages, and FR pre-treatment group.

Results: We observed a substantial increase in the levels of MDA and IL6 along with a decline in the TAO level in Al-intoxicated rats, suggesting increased lipid peroxidation (LPO), neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, respectively. In the FR-treated animals, MDA as well as IL6 levels was decreased, and TAO was enhanced in addition to improved neuronal architecture, demonstrating the ameliorative effect of FR.

Conclusion: The present study observed a decline in LPO and neuroinflammation in FR-treated rats, demonstrating the protective effect of FR leaves against Al-induced neurotoxicity. The level of TAO also improved along with improvement in neuronal mass in FR-treated rats, adding to its ameliorative effect. However, further elaborate research is needed to confirm its therapeutic potential against inflammation-driven neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords: aluminum, brain, Ficus religiosa, lipid peroxidation, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation.
Apresentação ao dossiê
Authors: Machado Igor José de Renó
Published: September 2024

Este dossiê  pretende propor reflexões antropológicas sobre o processo de impeachment de 2016. Como um dossiê de antropologia pública, os textos seguem uma estrutura mais livre e, talvez, nesse momento mais apropriada a uma reflexão crítica e criativa sobre os fatos recentes. E a opção por textos mais opinativos que textos estritamente acadêmicos permite também que tenhamos opiniões de diferentes intelectuais que, sem a opção de um texto mais livre, dificilmente teriam o ânimo de produzir os textos.
Virtuelle Mobilität als Schlüssel zur »Internationalisierung für alle«?
Authors: Brück-Hübner Annika , Beate Müller Ulrike
Published: September 2024

In den letzten Jahren hat die virtuelle Mobilität in der Hochschullehre an Bedeutung gewonnen. Dabei wird ihr häufig die Eigenschaft zugeschrieben, »inklusiver« zu sein und damit mehr Studierenden den Zugang zu Internationalisierungserfahrungen zu ermöglichen. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand der Erfahrungen aus dem Projekt GloPEG (Global Primary Education Gießen) diskutiert, welche Chancen virtuelle internationale Lehrveranstaltungen für eine »Internationalisierung für alle« bieten, aber auch an welche Grenzen sie stoßen. Dabei wird deutlich, dass die didaktische Gestaltung sowie organisatorische Entscheidungen und universitäre Strukturen die Potenziale beeinflussen und dass virtuelle Mobilität den Anspruch »Internationalisierung für alle« auch nicht uneingeschränkt erfüllt.
Soziale Inklusion durch transversale Digitalität
Authors: Meisel Sebastian
Published: September 2024

Ziel des Beitrages ist es, kritisch über digitale Strategien an Hochschulen zu reflektieren und die Dringlichkeit der sozialen Frage hierbei mitzudenken. An der Universität St. Gallen (HSG) konnte mit der Neuformulierung einer Digitalstrategie und der Einbindung transversaler Konzepte in der kritischen Phase der Studienaufnahme ein Versuch gewagt werden, die notwendige Kohärenzwahrnehmung in dieser zu stärken. Dabei scheint die digitale Transformation ein Versprechen auf Behebung von unterschiedlichen Formen der sozialen und materiellen Ausschließung zu sein. Der Beitrag versucht daher durch einen Seitenblick auf die Umgestaltungen an der HSG ein Problembewusstsein hinsichtlich Ambivalenz von sozialer Ungleichheit und digitaler Transformation zu schaffen.
Biodiversity in the Southern Cone in the Colonial Period
Authors: Camphora Ana Lucia , Adelman Miriam
Published: September 2024

In this article, Ana Lucia Camphora and Miriam Adelman are dedicated to the question of the protagonism of non-human animals throughout the history of Latin America Southern Cone. In understanding the notions of animality as an intrinsic element of colonialism, they focus on other intersubjective realities, contributing to new approaches to nonhuman animals' emotional lives, and cognitive capacities. This more nuanced colonial historiography aims to enrich ongoing debates on the colonial roots of the Anthropocene through critical reflections on how non-human animals have influenced narratives on the Southern Cone territorialities.
Peripherie ins Zentrum stellen
Authors: Birnbaum Charlotte
Published: September 2024

In der Vergangenheit war die Osteuropaforschung fokussiert auf Russland oder bezog sich auch im erweiterten osteuropäischen Raum auf russischen Einfluss. Diese Studie rückt das periphere Land Moldau aus dem Schatten der russischen Perspektive. Der historische Einfluss Russlands und Rumäniens schuf eine genuin moldauische Be- völkerungsstruktur, die bis heute ihre Wirkung zeigt. Verschiedene politische Akteure konstruierten in den 1990er Jahren entlang der sprachlichen Grenzen - russisch und rumänisch - unterschiedliche historische Zugehörigkeiten. Die jeweiligen sozialen Gruppen grenzten sich somit voneinander ab. Der gesellschaftliche Konflikt um eine postsowjetische Identität mündete in Moldau in der Abspaltung Transnistriens als pro-russische Exklave und der Autonomie des gagausischen Gebietes.
Amazing stories?
Authors: Demchuk Stefaniia
Published: September 2024

This essay reconsiders the place of Crimea's Islamic heritage in Ukraine's mainstream art histories. Unlike art and architecture originating among Orthodox Christian communities, the Crimean heritage, produced by a people ethnically, culturally and religiously different, presented a challenge in terms of patrimonialization for Ukraine's titular nationality. From the early 20th century, the Ukrainian art historical narrative was exclusive and ethno-centred; thus, it was sluggish in embracing the other paradigm of a multicultural state. This essay undertakes not only to expose the factors that impeded or even forbade the patrimonialization of early modern Crimean art but also to present possible methodological solutions that can facilitate reinventing the canon of Ukrainian art history.
Unmixing peoples, delineating properties
Authors: Radovanovic Jelena
Published: September 2024

This article argues that in 19th-century Serbia, the Islamic endowments (waqf) underwent a redefinition - from a non-secular, shared notion of 'bequest' (zadubina), and an Ottoman legal shortcut designating both Muslim and Christian forms of religious/economic/social organizing - into a new concept of "vakup" that denoted a foreign and specifically religious property tied to a minoritized Muslim population. The process of redefinition was inseparably tied to the 'un-mixing' of the population, i.e., the expulsion of the Muslim population from the Serbian Principality, informed by racial and colonial imaginaries and endorsed by the European powers at the Kanlca Conference(1862). Together, the redefinition of waqf and the expulsion of the Muslim population resulted in a high degree of waqf destruction, and a highly uneven process of patrimonialization in the aftermath of empire.
Afterword: From patrimonialization to the post-imperial uncanny
Authors: Walton Jeremy F.
Published: September 2024

In this afterword, Jeremy F. Walton interrogates the conceptual and political limitations of patri- monialization in order to foster appreciation for what I call the 'post-imperial uncanny', while also providing a loose review of the preceding chapters. To begin, I discuss the 'dou- ble movement' of patrimonialization as both a revitalization of neglected histories and a matter of capitalizing on the past for present aims. I then consider how dynamics of how nationalism and Orientalism have shaped post-Ottoman patrimonialization in refer- ence to the volume's contributions. Following this, I focus on the role of experts in deter- mining the definitions of patrimony and the projects of heritagization that the authors delineate. Finally, I situate patrimonializationin relationtoitsinverse, ruination, before concluding with a call to consider other post-imperial temporalities, encapsulated by the concept of the post-imperial uncanny.
Ordnung und Unordnung
Authors: Köstner Elena
Published: September 2024

The concepts patriarchy and matriarchy show the interweaving of ancient ideas of masculinity and femininity taken up in early modern times. Using selected sources on the myth of the Amazons, which Johann Jakob Bachofen used to prove a matriarchy in antiquity, I refer in particular to the order-disorder dichotomy, i.e. the idea that the androcentric society is regarded as order and thus as a consciously created condition, which is contrasted with matriarchy as disorder and as the non-ordering of a society.
Grenzziehungen - zum Umgang mit türkischer Popmusik in Deutschland von den 1960er-Jahren bis heute
Authors: Lund Cornelia , Lund Holger
Published: September 2024

Der Umgang mit türkischer Musik und insbesondere mit türkischem Pop in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ist seit den 1960er Jahren durch verschiedene Abgrenzungsmechanismen gekennzeichnet. Der Text untersucht diese Mechanismen, von wem und auf welche Weise sie argumentiert werden und wie sie sich im Zeitraum von den 1960er Jahren bis heute verändert haben. Dazu werden die türkische Musik und ihr Publikum, ihre musikalischen Funktionen und der Musikmarkt sowie die jeweiligen Bewertungen der türkischen Musik in Deutschland untersucht.
"Ästhetisch schön, aber völlig geschichtslos". Politisierende Argumentationsstrategien im bundesdeutschen Folk-Revival 1975-1985
Authors: Bühler Marcus
Published: September 2024

Marcus Bühler untersucht in seinem Beitrag die Debatte um das politische Engagement von "Deutsch Folk"-Musik in der westdeutschen Folk-Revival-Bewegung von der Mitte der 1970er bis Mitte der 1980er Jahre. Basierend auf einer Diskursanalyse eines großen Korpus historischer Quellen stellt er die verschiedenen Aspekte vor, die diesen Diskurs prägen. Dazu gehören der Bezug des Folk-Revivals auf die Ideen von Hanns Eisler und Bertold Brecht, die linkspolitische Umdeutung des Begriffs "Volk", die Legitimation deutscher Volksmusik im Angesicht konservativer und faschistischer Unterwanderung und der Konflikt um die musikalische Interpretation von (deutscher) Folklore. Konzentriert wird sich dabei auf parallele Argumentationsstrukturen der verschiedene Akteur*innen.
Situierte Subjekte
Authors: Rosie Martin
Published: September 2024

Hartmut Rosa hat mit seiner Resonanztheorie eine breit gefächerte Kritik am Individualismus der kapitalistischen Moderne vorgelegt, die im Namen des situierten Subjekts auftritt - eines Subjekts, das in eine soziale Mitwelt eingebettet und sich seiner Angewiesenheit auf Andere bewusst ist. Martin Rosie kontextualisiert dieses Programm anhand der zeitgenössischen Kritischen Theorie und des Werks von Charles Taylor. Er legt eine Kritik an Rosas Theoriearchitektur vor und spitzt ihre Spannungen zu, um mit Bruno Latour die Umrisse eines auch in seiner natürlichen Mitwelt situierten Subjekts zu zeichnen - des Subjekts einer politischen Ökologie, jenseits von Objektivismus und Konstruktivismus.
Impact of ownership structure, underwriter reputation and IPO proceed size to the level of IPO underpricing
Authors: Darmawan D , Bustaman Yosman
Published: September 2024

The research aims to examine and confirm whether the underpricing phenomena exist in the Indonesia IPOs during the observation period Year 2017 to 2021 and explain its variations. This research investigate the effect of key determinants factors that have influenced the level of IPO underpricing. The research used the secondary data analysis with cross sectional studies of the observation data of 254 IPO companies. The analysis were applied with several trading period time frame i.e. 1 day, 1 month, 3 month and 6 month. The result shows that the underpricing phenomenon is confirmed in Indonesia’s IPO with number of companies that experience underpricing has reached 85% on the first of trading day. Underwriter reputation is positively related to the level of underpricing in the first trading day period. Companies with larger size of IPOs are underpriced less than the smaller ones. Meanwhile the ownership retention is negatively related with the level of underpricing. The ownership identity and ownership type are not associated to the level of underpricing. In addition, the research find that these variables are not associated to the level of underpricing for period other than 1 trading day.
The effect of asymmetric information and financial distress ratio on earnings management with corporate governance as moderating variables
Authors: Salsabil Sanchia Fairuz , Wijayanti Dwi Marlina
Published: September 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of asymmetric information and financial distress ratio on earnings management with corporate governance as a moderating variable. Previous studies examining this topic still have inconsistent results. Seeing this, the researchers tried to re-examine using a sample of retail companies/trading sector, services and investment in the retail trade sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015-2020. The sample of this research was taken through purposive sampling, totaling 20 companies. Data analysis methods are descriptive statistics, regression analysisi, and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) using Econometric Views (EViews) 10 for windows. The results showed that asymmetric information and liquidity had a positive effect on earnings management, while liquidity and leverage had a negative effect on earnings management. Independent commissioners can moderate the effect of asymmetric information and liquidity on earnings management but cannot moderate the effect of profitability and leverage on earnings management. The audit committee can moderate the effect of financial leverage (profitability, liquidity and leverage) on earnings management, but cannot moderate the effect of asymmetric information on earnings management.
Relationship of companies’ characteristics to foreign ownership: Studies on emerging market stock exchange in seven countries from ASEAN and Middle East
Authors: Arsya Riz Zaidan Febriano , Arfinto Erman Denny
Published: September 2024

This study explores the relationship between company’s characteristics and foreign ownership within the emerging market stock exchanges from 7 countries in the ASEAN and Middle East. The objective is to provide an understanding of determinants that influence foreign investors to invest in companies in emerging markets. This study uses panel data of publicly traded companies from Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar within Q3 2020 – Q4 2022 period with the econometric robust regression model approach. Employing a quantitative research approach, this study utilizes a robust regression analysis. Various company characteristics, such as size, profitability, liquidity, leverage, dividend yield, and book-to-market value, are examined as potential determinants of foreign ownership. Results show that size has strong significant positive relationship to foreign ownership, profitability has positive not significant relationship to foreign ownership, liquidity has positive not significant to foreign ownership, leverage has negative weak significant to foreign ownership, dividend yield has positive significant to foreign ownership, and book-to-market has positive moderate significant to foreign ownership. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of foreign ownership dynamics within the emerging market stock exchanges in the ASEAN region and Middle East, providing a solid foundation for informed decision-making and strategic planning.
Examining the presence of the monday effect on the Indonesian Stock Exchange before and during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Suryanegara Arya , Pangestuti Irene Rini Demi
Published: September 2024

This study examines the presence of the Monday effect on the Indonesian Stock Exchange before and during the Covid-19 pandemic based on stock return, transaction volume, and trading patterns. This study uses trading day and trading hour as independent variables and daily return, daily total transaction volume, and return 30-minute intervals return within a day as a proxy for daily investor trading patterns as dependent variables. The data used in this study are from the Jakarta Composite Index from 1 July 2017 to 30 November 2022. The analytical methods used in this research is one-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA. The results of this study demonstrate that day-of-week was not a significant factor in terms of daily return and daily total transaction volume before and during the pandemic. Moreover, there was no Monday effect in daily investor trading patterns before the pandemic. During the pandemic, the Monday effect in daily investor trading patterns was also not present. However, after the change in the trading hour period, the Monday effect was found in the daily investor trading pattern.
Heat transfer efficiency in gas–solid fluidized beds with flat and corrugated walls
Authors: Wardag Alam Nawaz Khan , Larachi Faïçal
Published: September 2024

Gas–solid fluidized bed reactors exhibit improved heat and mass transfer performance as compared to packed beds. Corrugated walls installed in narrow gas–solid bubbling fluidized bed (CWBFB) enclosures have been observed to decrease minimum bubbling velocity, reduce bubble size, improve gas distribution, provide stable operation, and minimize particle carryover or loss. Thorough analyses of the wall-to-bed heat transfer coefficient in flat- (FWBFB) and corrugated- (CWBFB) wall bubbling fluidized beds have been performed for a variety of operating conditions and geometric parameters. Fast-response self-adhesive heat flux probes and thermocouples were used to simultaneously measure the wall-to-bed heat flux, surface and bed temperatures, and were used to determine the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) at various axial and lateral locations. For a given set of parameters, a significant increase in HTC was observed at lower gas flow rates in CWBFB as compared to FWBFB. It was shown that CWBFB inventory required lower U
mb (gas flow rate) as compared to FWBFB. Full 3-D transient Euler–Euler CFD simulations using the kinetic theory of granular flow were also performed, which confirmed the experimental results.
Effect of manganese(II) and magnesiumg(II) in zinc acid leaching solution on iron precipitation via the hematite process
Authors: Zhou Xuantong , Yang Fuxian , Deng Zhigan , Peng Xiaohua , Li Xingbin , Wei Chang
Published: September 2024

Iron (Fe) removal is a critical step in the hydrometallurgical zinc (Zn) extraction process. Hematite, a stable Fe precipitate, offers an environmentally friendly option that complies with environmental protection standards. While existing research primarily focuses on hematite process technology, there is a lack of studies on how ions in ZnSO4 leaching solutions affect Fe removal efficiency and hematite particle size distribution. This study investigated the influence of manganese II (Mn(II)) and magnesium II (Mg(II)) concentrations and temperature on both Fe removal efficiency and hematite particle size distribution in ZnSO4 leaching solution. The results indicated that at various temperatures, the highest Fe removal efficiency occurred with an initial Mn(II) concentration of 10 g/L and an Mg(II) concentration of 15 g/L. As the concentrations of Mn(II) and Mg(II) as well as temperature increased, FeSO₄ crystallization also increased, which adversely affected hematite precipitation. The average particle size of hematite decreases from 300 to 100 nm, resulting in a more uniform particle size distribution, which correlated with the homogeneous solution saturation precipitation mechanism. However, the number of rod-shaped, regular small particles decreases, while the number of irregular, blocky particles increased.
Can we train young EFL learners to ‘notice the gap’? Exploring the relationship between metalinguistic awareness, grammar learning and the use of metalinguistic explanations in a dictogloss task
Authors: Delgado-Garza Paloma , García Mayo María del Pilar
Published: September 2024

In this pilot study we investigated whether metalinguistic explanations (ME) could help young learners (YL) boost their metalinguistic awareness (MA) and, in turn, improve their accuracy at the time of using two grammatical features. Although previous research has established a positive correlation between MA, metalinguistic knowledge (MK) and better learning outcomes in a foreign language (FL), few interventional studies have been conducted in this regard. Using a pretest/post-test design, an intact classroom (N = 20) of L1 Spanish 10-year-old students of English as a FL (EFL) was divided into an experimental and a control group. First, both groups completed an individual pen-and-paper MA test. Then, they were paired up according to their proficiency level and asked to carry out a dictogloss task, in which they had to negotiate their final written output. Before the post-test phase, the experimental group was asked to engage with a learning sequence of ME concerning two problematic English grammatical features: third person –s and his/her. These explanations also included the definitions of metalinguistic terminology. Additionally, an individual three-step verbal protocol was carried out after the post-tests to triangulate collaborative data. The results showed a moderate effect of the treatment in MA scores. Likewise, ME had a large effect on the use of third person –s during the interaction, as well as a moderate effect on the accurate use of his/her. Also, the treatment group dyads produced significantly more episodes of noticing during the post-test task and at a higher resolution rate than during the pretest stage. These findings support the use of explicit learning devices such as ME with YL of EFL, as they seem to promote MA and increase their accuracy even in input-limited learning conditions.
Performance analysis of MDM-OCDMA free space optical system using shift ZCC codes
Authors: Bansal Sanyam , Singh Preeti , Thangjam Sharmelee , Kaur Pardeep , Dalal Geeta , Garg Nidhi , Narula Charu
Published: September 2024

Free space optical communication is promising wireless technology which saves cost, saves time, has high security and acts as backend, backhaul system. Optical code division multiplexing based on spectral amplitude coding is a potential method to support many users with high data speeds. Optical code division multiplexing reliant spectral amplitude coded zero cross-correlation free space optical communication is proposed in this work incorporating shift zero cross-correlation codes. Mode Division Multiplexing is used to lower the cost of the system and to minimize the interferences. With the realization of the proposed system, the capacity of 100 Gbps is accomplished supporting 10 different users. Different atmospheric turbulences are also analyzed over FSO to investigate their effects on BER.
The complexities of managing a newborn with 6q24 transient neonatal diabetes mellitus: a case report
Authors: De Silva Yannick , Birt Stewart
Published: September 2024

Objectives

This case report delves into the intricate management of a newborn with transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM), shedding light on the complexities and challenges in treatment decisions.

Case presentation

Born prematurely with a low birth weight and a maternal background of gestational diabetes, the infant developed hyperglycaemia necessitating intravenous insulin therapy. Subsequent genetic testing confirmed 6q24-TNDM, due to the uniparental disomy of the whole of chromosome 6. Glibenclamide, a second-generation sulfonylurea, was cautiously introduced but discontinued due to adverse effects. Despite post-meal hyperglycaemia, blood glucose levels stabilised over subsequent weeks. Regular follow-ups demonstrated appropriate growth and development and the resolution of diabetes.

Conclusions

This unique case highlights the need for multidisciplinary collaboration, tailored treatment strategies, and vigilant monitoring in managing 6q24-TNDM.
A quasi-reversibility method for solving nonhomogeneous sideways heat equation
Authors: Qiao Yu , Xiong Xiangtuan
Published: September 2024

We consider solving a severely ill-posed problem for determining the surface temperature and heat flux distribution of the nonhomogeneous sideways heat equation by a quasi-reversibility regularization method. An analytical solution is deduced based on the Fourier transform, and then, the logarithmic-type error estimate for the regularized solution is achieved. Finally, three numerical examples, including smooth and non-smooth functions, validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
What R Mandarin Chinese /ɹ/s? – acoustic and articulatory features of Mandarin Chinese rhotics
Authors: Chen Shuwen , Whalen Douglas H. , Mok Peggy Pik Ki
Published: September 2024

Rhotic sounds are well known for their considerable phonetic variation within and across languages and their complexity in speech production. Although rhotics in many languages have been examined and documented, the phonetic features of Mandarin rhotics remain unclear, and debates about the prevocalic rhotic (the syllable-onset rhotic) persist. This paper extends the investigation of rhotic sounds by examining the articulatory and acoustic features of Mandarin Chinese rhotics in prevocalic, syllabic (the rhotacized vowel [ɚ]), and postvocalic (r-suffix) positions. Eighteen speakers from Northern China were recorded using ultrasound imaging. Results showed that Mandarin syllabic and postvocalic rhotics can be articulated with various tongue shapes, including tongue-tip-up retroflex and tongue-tip-down bunched shapes. Different tongue shapes have no significant acoustic differences in the first three formants, demonstrating a many-to-one articulation-acoustics relationship. The prevocalic rhotics in our data were found to be articulated only with bunched tongue shapes, and were sometimes produced with frication noise at the start. In general, rhotics in all syllable positions are characterized by a close F2 and F3, though the prevocalic rhotic has a higher F2 and F3 than the syllabic and postvocalic rhotics. The effects of syllable position and vowel context are also discussed.
Characterization of ferrous-xylenol orange-polyvinyl alcohol gel for gamma dosimetry using spectroscopy
Authors: Sedighi Mahsa , Edalatkhah Elham , Taherparvar Payvand
Published: September 2024

Fricke gel dosimeters are appropriate candidates for gamma dosimetry. Polyvinyl alcohol Fricke gel dosimeters are the most recent introduced gel dosimeters which have low ion diffusion. In this work, samples of ferrous-xylenol orange-polyvinyl alcohol gel dosimeters were prepared and characterized using optical spectroscopy. Using win XCOM program and the elemental composition of the gel, the mass attenuation coefficients for photons were evaluated. The results exhibited that the prepared gel is the nearly radiological blood-, soft tissue- and water-equivalent. The 60Co gamma cell unit was used to irradiate the gel samples. A dose range response was found linear from 10 to 30 Gy and suitable for blood irradiation dosimetry. Additionally, the gel response good repeatability was confirmed by the coefficient of variation calculations. Furthermore, chemical yield of the gel was estimated to be 34.6. The good characteristics of the prepared gel make it appropriate for dosimetry of blood irradiators.
Individual Aspects of Internal Audit of the Chornomorsk Territorial Community
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Balan Alla , Hryhorieva Anna ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Simova Anna ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

The article examines the main aspects of internal control based on the example of the Chornomorsk territorial community (TG), located in the south of Ukraine. The authors identify a number of shortcomings in the internal control system of the Chornomorsk TG and analyze the main economic indicators of the Chornomorsk TG. The article also considers the main achievements of the Chornomorsk TG and explores the main features of changes in the development of the Chornomorsk TG, taking into account the martial law and innovations in the legislation. Finally, the authors develop proposals for improving the internal control system of the Chornomorsk TG.