THETIDA: Safeguarding and protecting Europe&#8217;s coastal and underwater cultural heritage from the effects of climate change and natural hazards
Authors: Michalis Panagiotis , Mazzoli Claudio , Karathanassi Vassilia , Ikiz Kaya Deniz , Martins Flavio , Cocco Michele , Guy Anaïs , Amditis Angelos 
Published: March 2024

Climate change and natural hazards pose significant threats to heritage sites, with major impact on people's livelihoods and connected communities. Increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather conditions have a substantial detrimental impact on cultural heritage (CH), both on tangible assets (e.g. monuments, historic buildings, and sites), and intangible elements (e.g. knowledge, cultural practices, and oral traditions) that are inherited from the past. Factors contributing to the deterioration of heritage sites are attributed to sea level rise, ocean acidification, intensified storm activity, temperature elevation, and coastal erosion that put significant stress on the stability, preservation, conservation, and security of both tangible and intangible cultural heritage in underwater and coastal environments.However, limited knowledge exists on risk assessment and protective measures actions to mitigate these multiple hazards and complex risks posed by climatic conditions and natural disasters. This highlights the need for more integrated assessments that consider the collective impacts of various hazards on cultural heritage and their corresponding protection systems. It is therefore of significant importance to employ and test the effectiveness of novel measures across a spectrum of heritage sites threatened by various climatic conditions and risks.Addressing these two points, the THETIDA project focuses on the development of a preventive conservation strategy that includes monitoring, risk preparedness and management, for underwater and coastal CH. The main objective is to identify and ward off climatic risks and natural hazards and promote adaptation, reconstruction, and other post-disruption strategies to restore normal conditions to the historic area. THETIDA project also emphasizes long-term strategic approaches to adapt to climate change and to wield policy tools for economic resilience. This is achieved through an interdisciplinary team of researchers, experts and practitioners that will develop, test and validate an integrated multiple heritage risk assessment and protection system with evidence-based monitoring frameworks, innovative tools and instruments and through participatory and crowdsourcing processes. The project actions will be implemented at seven pilot sites across the European continent, linking social innovations with state-of-the-art technologies, including ICT and IoT harmonised tools, to enhance resilience of underwater and coastal heritage sites.Acknowledgement:This research has been funded by European Union&#8217;s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under THETIDA project (Grant Agreement No. 101095253) (Technologies and methods for improved resilience and sustainable preservation of underwater and coastal cultural heritage to cope with climate change, natural hazards and environmental pollution).