bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparação de softwares de cálculo aerodinâmicos de baixo custo computacional para MDO de veículos aéreos não tripulados
Authors: Silva Felipe Diogo Moura , De Medeiros José Bismark , Pereira Luiz Mariano , Dias Rene da Silva
Published: February 2024

Este artigo tem como propósito avaliar três softwares de baixo custo computacional que desempenham um papel crucial na fase de projeto conceitual de Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs). Em particular, enfatiza-se as capacidades oferecidas pelos softwares, com destaque para as funcionalidades relacionadas aos métodos dos painéis e da rede de vórtices. O intuito é investigar o custo computacional, o tempo das análises e a eficácia dessas abordagens. Dessa maneira, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema, seguida de uma descrição da metodologia empregada para a comparação entre os softwares utilizados. Posteriormente, são apresentados e discutidos os resultados de estudos de caso, com ênfase nas limitações relacionadas ao tempo e à complexidade de integração do algoritmo de otimização com os softwares de cálculo aerodinâmico utilizado. Por fim, apresenta-se a conclusão deste estudo, na perspectiva de contribuir na avaliação da aplicabilidade desses softwares na etapa de otimização multidisciplinar de projetos de VANTs, no contexto de redução de custos e tempo de desenvolvimento.
To evaluate post-operative shoulder tip pain in low pressure (10MMHG Co2) versus standard pressure (14MMHG Co2) pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Shaha Anup , Shirsath Kalpesh , Yelke Vishal
Published: February 2024

Background: Nowadays, the gold standard of care for cholelithiasis is laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). After a LC, post-operative shoulder tip pain is a typical complaint. The main cause of this shoulder tip pain is pneumoperitoneum caused by carbon dioxide. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the post-operative shoulder tip pain in low pressure (10MMHG Co2) versus standard pressure (14MMHG Co2) pneumoperitoneum in LC. Method: A prospective randomized controlled trial incorporating 70 patients with symptomatic uncomplicated cholelithiasis who underwent LC using a four-port technique. Patients were divided randomly in two groups: 35 patients underwent Low Pressure LC (10MMHG Co2) (Group-A), and another 35 patients underwent Standard Pressure LC (14MMHG Co2) (Group-B). Postoperative shoulder tip pain was assessed at 4, 8 and 24 h after operation by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of Pain. Results: 11 patients (31.42%) in group B complained of post-operative shoulder tip pain as compared to only 4 patients (11.42%) in group A which was statistically significant, (P=0.0414).
The influence of carbofuran insecticide exposure on the number of type II Lung Cells in Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Mohammad Vicky Indra Pradicta  , Widjiati Widjiati  , Ratna Damayanti  , Maslichah Mafruchati  , Epy Muhammad Luqman
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research was to demonstrate lung histopathological damage in mice (Mus musculus) caused by carbofuran exposure. Twenty female mice (Mus musculus) aged 10 weeks with a body weight of 25-30 g were used in the study. The mice were divided into four groups: P0, P1, P2, and P3. All samples received 0.5 ml/day of physiological NaCl, and P1, P2, and P3 were additionally exposed to carbofuran at doses of 0.0208, 0.0417, and 0.0833 mg/kg body weight of mice/day, respectively. This treatment was carried out for 10 days. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by the BNJ test. The results showed an increase in necrotic type II cells with increasing doses of carbofuran.
In vitro regeneration of exotic fruit dragon (Hylocereus undatus) from stem fraction
Authors: M.H. Kabir  , Md. Monirul Islam  , Pronabananda Das  , ANK Mamun
Published: February 2024

Hylocereus undatus, commonly known as dragon fruit, is one of the most popular exotic fruits due to its high quality and market value. This fruit is facing different constraints, such as loss of seed viability and various diseases that affect production because the seed and cutting methods are followed to create a new generation. In vitro plant regeneration is a promising technique to overcome these barriers with explants. An efficiency of this protocol was established in dragon fruit using MS + 2.0 mg/L BA + 2.0 mg/L Kin. with explants, stem fraction. Eighty percent explants were responded for shoot initiation treated with 2.0 mg/L BAP in combination with 2 mg/L Kin. The highest number of shoots and the maximum shoot lengths were observed in this medium inoculation after 90 days. Shoots were transferred to media containing ½ strength of MS with root induced PGRs. Ninety percent of the in vitro raised shoots were responded for rooting treated with 2.5 mg/L IBA inoculation after 30 days. The highest number of roots and the maximum root lengths were recorded at 2.5 mg/L IBA. The response of inoculated explants or in vitro raised shoots were positively correlated with the number of shoots and roots respectively. The average shoot and root lengths were negatively correlated with each other resulting in root lengths increasing by decrease of shoot lengths. The healthy shoots with well rooted plantlets were transferred to natural condition where about 80% plantlets were found to be acclimatized.
Histopathological overview of mice duodenum (Mus musculus) due to carbofuran exposure
Authors: Reza Mahendra Yudha Permana  , Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah  , Widjiati  , Widjiati  , Maslichah Mafruchati  , Budiarto Budiarto  , Epy Muhammad Luqman
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study was to explore small bowel tissue injury through duodenal histopathology of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to carbofuran. The measured parameter was duodenal epithelial integrity. The experiment involved thirty female mice, divided into four treatment groups: P0 (control) was not exposed to carbofuran but substituted with 0.9% NaCl; P1 was exposed to 0.0104 mg/kg Body Weight of carbofuran; P2 was exposed to 0.0208 mg/kg Body Weight of carbofuran; P3 was exposed to 0.0407 mg/kg Body Weight of carbofuran. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Mann-Whitney test if there were significant differences among treatment groups. The results suggested that carbofuran exposure caused desquamation and epithelial erosion, with the effective dose for duodenal histopathology change being 0.208 mg/kg Body Weight.
The role of endophytic bacteria in increasing nitrogen concentration, root length, and dry weight of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) in saline soil
Authors: Mieke Rochimi Setiawati  , Gita Andrawina Cendekia  , Diyan Herdiyantoro  , Pujawati Suryatmana  , Nadia Nuraniya Kamaluddin  , Tualar Simarmata
Published: February 2024

Soil salinity can interfere with the absorption of water and plant nutrients, causing a decrease in growth and yield of rice plants in saline soil. This negative effect can be reduced by the application of endophytic bacteria biofertilizer. Endophytic bacteria live in plant tissues and play a role in increasing plant growth through nitrogen fixation or growth hormone production. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of endophytic bacterial biofertilizer application on N concentration, root length, and dry weight of rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) in soils with different salinities. This research was conducted in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 8 combinations. The treatments were with and without endophytic bacterial biofertilizers, and soils with different levels of salinity (non-saline soil and saline soil with salinities of 2, 4, and 6 mmhos cm-1) and repeated 4 times. The experimental results showed that the combination treatment of endophytic bacterial biofertilizer in saline soil of 2 mmhos cm-1 was able to increase the N concentration, root length, and dry weight of rice plants which were higher than the treatment of endophytic bacterial biofertilizer in soil with salinity of 4 and 6 mmhos cm-1. The application of endophytic bacteria biofertilizer has higher dry weight of rice plants than without endophytic bacteria at each different salinity level.
Cyberbullying of women on Twitter
Authors: Christina Athineos  , Debra A, Harkins
Published: February 2024

Over 40% of American adults experience online harassment. As the nation struggles with questions of internet safety vs. freedom of speech, one must consider the impact of online abuse on victims. This paper builds on prior research of cyber harassment by extending the investigation to relational and societal-level effects of online harassment of women and potential moderating effect of support. Results revealed individual, relational and social impacts of cyberbullying. We discuss implications for addressing online harassment.
Relevance of Strategic Management Strategies on Organizational Performance of Craft Brewery Industries in Kigali City, Rwanda :A Case of Craft Brewery Industries in Nyarugengedistrict
Authors:   Mount Kenya University, Kigali Rwanda, Gashayija Dorah
Published: February 2024

Generally, this research examined relevance of strategic management strategies on organizational success within craft brewery industries, Kigali City, Rwanda. Specifically, the researcher assessed the influence of cost leadership, differeriantion, and focus strategies pon organizational success at craft brewery industries, Kigali, Rwanda. The study used the following theories : five forces models, and market sharing theorem.The study used descriptive research design and correlation regression with a mixed approach. The population comprised owners and top managers. Stratified sampling technique was used to select a representative group in which 237 respondents were selected. A questionnaire and interviews were used to collect data. Research instrument was piloted to test validty and relaiability using a Cronbach Alpha methods. Data was analysed using descriptive statisctics and correlation regression, with the support of statiscal product and service solutions as an analytical tools. Results on cost leadership indicate a tihht cost in business activities with a mean of 4.333), economies of scale with a mean of 3.666), cost saving efficiency for design with a means of 4.000) and the reduction of operational costs with a mean of 3.666 have been used as a cost leadership component. A significant relationship was between cost leadership and sales (r=0.231**, p value 0.006) investment rise (r=0.159**, p=0.043) and profit (r=0.174**=0.014).Results on differentiation felt that cost allocated to the control of quality of goods and services (mean of 4.333), effort in reputation management (mean of 4.000), identifying names (mean of 4.833). A significant correlation was between differentiation strategy and sales (r=0.274**, p value=0.039), investment rise (r=.187, p=0.035) and profit (r=0.324, p=0.032).results on market focus found that focusing on marketing specification for products ( mean of 3.833) is the measurement that has the highest level of application in Skol Brewery Ltd products to the high extent. Narrowing products offered (mean of 3.333). A significant relationship was beteeen market focus strategy and sales (r=0.854**, p=0.018), market focus strategy and investment (r=.873**, p=0.035), market focus strategy and profit (r=.750**, p=.0.036). The study concludes that there was no correlation between strategic management strategies and organizational perfomance. This study recommended that the management of brewery compamies should assess the execution of cost leadership , conduct a research on market stratey to respond to various market niches adequately as any gap in customer centric products whould yield customer non responsponsiveness, benchmark differentiation, hire competent staff to achieve its success. Keywords: Cost leadership strategies, Differentiation strategies, Focus strategies, Organzational performance, Strategic management strategies.
Organization Stakeholders’ Participation and Performance of Social Security Investment Fund Project: A Case of Rwanda Social Security Board, Kigali, Rwanda
Authors:   Mount Kenya University, Rwanda, Ndikumana Jean Claude
Published: February 2024

This research focuses on stakeholder participation and its impact on the performance of Social Security Investment Fund (SSIF) projects at Rwanda Social Security Board (RSSB).Stakeholder theory, introduced by Edward Freeman, guides the study, emphasizing the importance of considering diverse stakeholder interests in decision-making. The specific objectives include assessing how organizational stakeholders influence project performance, exploring the role of effective communication in project collaboration, and examining the impact of stakeholder participation on project service satisfaction at RSSB. The study will play role of relevant information and library increase at Mount Kigali. The study employs both descriptive and correlational statistics, using a mixed-methods approach with a target population of 810 stakeholders. Data analysis involves SPSS software, and questionnaires, distributed to 80 respondents, support empirical findings. The research is significant for Rwanda's economic development and contributes insights into global good governance practices. The findings highlights positive stakeholder engagement, with a mean rating of 4.42 and a moderate standard deviation of 0.807, signifying active involvement and reasonable level of agreement among respondents. Stakeholders are notably engaged in resource allocation and risk management, receiving a high mean score of 4.62 with low standard deviations, indicating consensus and well- received participation. Additionally, stakeholder involvement positively impacts company members' satisfaction and acceptance, with a mean score of 4.12, emphasizing their vital role in enhancing overall project performance. However, challenges in conflict resolution need significant improvement to maintain this positive trajectory. In the second part, the results reveal favorable financial trends, such as Bralirwa's increased market capitalization to Rwf 4.323 billion and Bank of Kigali's fair value gain on equity investment. RSSB should provide training and awareness programs can help stakeholders understand their roles and contributions better, and the establishment of clear roles and responsibilities ensures accountability and regular performance evaluations. Keywords: Organization, Stakeholders’ participation, social security investment, fund project, Rwand.
European Union Enlargement Policy with Special Reference to Bosnia and Herzegovina – Preferences and Downsides
Authors: Delalić Selma , Delalić Dževad
Published: February 2024

By virtue of several European visionaries, led by Robert Schuman and Jean Monnet, whose noble goal was to end centuries of wars and bloodshed on the European continent, today we have the European Union, the most successful integration project of the 20th century. The European Union has come a long way to achieve the ultimate goal of political stability, based on equality in diversity, rule of law, democracy and respect for human rights, as well as the economic growth and development of all its members. From the original six countries that founded the European Coal and Steel Community in 1951, the European Union, through seven rounds of enlargement, has grown into a community of 27 prosperous countries, which both individually and together within the Union, have become a significant player on the global political and economic scene. The aim of this paper is to research and analyze the complexity of the European Union enlargement policy, its preferences and downsides, with special emphasis on Bosnia and Herzegovina and its integration processes, following its recent candidate status. The main research objective is to identify the factors that may enable or constrain effective EU enlargement policy and its implementation in BiH. The paper argues that the final goal - the EU acquis transposition and enforcement by enlargement countries - may present the biggest hurdle on the EU trajectory. The research methods include qualitative methods - analysis of the relevant literature, publications, official EU data, as well as the EU and BiH policy documents and strategies.
The Impact of Reaction Lights-Based Shadow Training on Foot Agility in Badminton Players at Pelangi Pontianak City
Authors: Rahmat Ade , Cahyadi Ashadi
Published: February 2024

The  purpose  of  the study. The  purpose  of  this  study  was  to find  out  the  effect  of  reaction  light  trainingand  shuttle  run  on  footwork  agility  in  PB  badminton  participants Pelangi Pontianak City.
Materials and methods. This  study  uses  this  type  of  experimental  research.  Inthis study there were two groups of experiments that were deliberately given treatment.
Results. The analysis's findings for the first test's Lscore test count and the test's final result were Lcalculated, yielding 0.1866<Ltable 0.2287 and 0.1356<Ltable 0.2287. Thus, based on the analysis of this data, preliminary test results and final tests of the normal distribution can be drawn. The sample size of 15, mean 2.75, standard deviation 1.02, and thitung 10.43 are used to determine whether the H0 or Ha hypothesis is accepted in line with the previously given explanation, after which the price calculated and the price of table t are compared. Price comparison between tcalculates to a genuine degree α = 0.05 with degrees of freedom (dk) = (n–1) = 14 and presentil values on the distribution table-t; the result was tcount (10.43)>ttable (1.7613).
Conclusions. There is an effect of training using reaction light tools and shuttle  run   exercises   in   improving   the   agility   of   footwork (footwork)   of   PB Pelangi Pontiank City Achievement  with  tCalculate>tTable Can  be  taken  the decision  that  there  is  an  effect  of  training  using  reactionlights  and  shuttle  run exercises in improving.
The Influence of Cultural Diversity on Team Dynamics in Multinational Workgroups
Authors: Walsh Jeffrey , Galbadrakh Arban
Published: February 2024

This study examines the influence of culture on decision-making in multinational workgroups, specifically native English speakers and non-native English speakers of Asian descent. We use observational methods to provide additional insight into the different conversational patterns of group members of different cultural backgrounds and to understand how these patterns affect team dynamics. We used a four-by-four design to compare the interactions of groups composed of a majority of native-English speakers (and a minority of East Asian language speakers) and homogenous groups of ethnically diverse East Asian languages (and native speakers of English) to learn whether composition affects discourse style and contribution level. We found a significant difference in the number of turns taken by native-English speakers compared with those taken by non-English-speaking native speakers. The average number of overlaps and backchannels was also significantly higher than for native-speaking English speakers. This study has implications for those engaged in managing, training, or teaching heterogeneous groups consisting of members from the U.S. and East Asian countries. Managers, trainers, and teachers should ensure that those whose native language is East Asian are aware of the particular conversational behaviors that characterize this style of discourse. They should be educated about the specific conversational cues that might reap a deeper understanding of differences in discourse styles between the two participant groups.
An Exploratory Case Study of the Merger of Two Companies: Problems in Staff Adaptation Process
Authors: Williams Norman K.
Published: February 2024

The paper reports on the merger of two independent financial services institutions. It is explored how the employees of a financial services institution (FSI) experienced its recent merger through the analysis of different narratives circulating within the organization. An exploratory case-study research project was conducted framed by the key concepts of organizational culture, change, and narrative research. A narrative approach was adopted to analyze the research material focusing the main analysis, which concentrates on analyzing the structure of narratives following the five elements of agency, temporality, event, context and format. The findings show how employees at FSI created counter stories to the positive messages, leadership sent across, threatening not only their economic situation, working conditions and roles but also their sense of self and their personal identities. The results of the empirical study strengthen the suggestion that narratives represent a powerful means to explore the underlying individual and social processes involved in situations of organizational change that may foster resistance to change ultimately inhibiting successful post-merger integrations. The empirical findings represent the groundwork for further, more comprehensive and elaborate research drawing upon a more diverse set of partici-pants from various levels representing all organizational departments.
Key Drivers of Culture Change in Organizations
Authors: Tremblay Dominique J.
Published: February 2024

The current study was designed to identify and test the key drivers of culture change in public service organizations. This is a rare multi-organization empirical study that examined the impact of seven key change drivers on changes in culture. The seven independent variables in the research model are all hypothesized to be directly associated with the dependent variable of organizational culture change. The results of this research suggest that changes in leadership personnel and changes in human resources practices should be priorities for those embarking on a culture change initiative. Organizational leaders and managers who understand the importance of these change drivers, and who implement them properly, should experience more frequent success in their culture change initiatives. This study contributes to the literature on organizational culture and sustainability by highlighting the importance of the alignment of competing cultural values in the face of sustainability challenges.
Cross-Cultural Comparison of Organizational Structure in a Multinational Organizational Environment
Authors: Al-Manasir Khalil , Kamimura Hiroteru
Published: February 2024

Due to globalization, cross-cultural specifics exploration is of crucial importance for the success of businesses in opening and maintaining new markets. Whilst cultural differences are more obvious and remarkable than similarities and homogeneities, they must be taken into account in management practices being of high importance for understanding organizational behavior. This study investigates the extent to which relationships between context and structure are stable across cultures, it also examines if cultural differences between nations account for variations in their suggested desired structure. The study first analyzes the structure of sample companies and then compares the findings with data on matched analogue companies. The cross-cultural comparison between the resulting structure revealed that a resultant personnel bureaucracy structure for fitted well their high concentration of authority and low structuring of activities, but it did not match the desired full bureaucracy. In response to the analysis of the results obtained, new research directions on the influence of cultural differences and their application in global businesses were identified.
Reevaluation of Local Fiscal Multipliers in China
Authors: Li Ming , Li Degang
Published: February 2024

The recent global financial crisis has renewed interest in the long-standing question of the size of fiscal multipliers. In this paper, we employ a peculiar feature of the allocation mechanism of China's intergovernmental transfers that triggers exogenous variations on local public spending: National Poor Counties (NPCs) designated by the central government enjoy preferential treatments in receiving central-local earmarked transfers. We construct an instrument variable to identify the multiplier. We find that the effects of local government spending on local output mainly concentrate on the non-tradable sector. We also find that local public expenditure has striking effects on stimulating investment but has negligible effects on in-county consumption. A puzzling feature of our results is that the estimated local fiscal multiplier is at the low-end of existing estimates.
An Analysis of Recruitment Policies Practiced in Large Enterprises
Authors: Razak Abdul K.
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on the recruitment policies that are practiced by four multinational companies. The objective of this research is to analyse how these companies are responding to these international trends. The study is designed to help HR professionals within large enterprises to understand best recruitment practices that can be applied in their organisations in order to attain employer of choice status. It provides an account of current recruitment policies practiced in the multinational companies (MNCs) and to identify the global recruitment trends adopted by these companies. A comprehensive review of related literature was carried out in four leading chemical and petrochemical MNCs. Data was obtained from in-depth interviews with some of the staffs of the HR Department. The results of the study show that the companies surveyed have adopted some global recruitment practices to gain competitive advantage and to keep up with dynamic changes. By implementing methodologies to identify and recruit talent faster, automate recruitment processes, and reduce recruitment costs, it has helped establish the HR department as a strategic contributor to organisational success.
The Perceptions of Consideration among Higher Education Institutions to Corporate Benchmarks: Managerial Implications
Authors: Glenn Andrew R. , Callahan Jennifer H.
Published: February 2024

This study compared perceptions of consideration among higher education institutions to corporate benchmarks. Participants in this study were selected among higher education administrators and teaching faculty who completed the Human Synergistics Organizational Culture Inventory (OCI) and OCI-Ideal survey. The mean scores for private not-profit and public institutions were lower than those for private institutions. Higher scores were obtained for the administrators as compared to the faculty subgroups, and a trend for higher scores was noted in the female as opposed to the male subgroup. There is a need for improving the levels of considerate encompassing developmental and supportive leadership styles in higher education. Changes in organizational culture, policies and standards are needed to reverse long-ingrained behavioral norms and to improve the effectiveness of graduate, medical, and professional higher education, thereby promoting a culture of tolerance towards chronic incivility behaviors.
The Specific Features of Knowledge Management in Financial Institutions
Authors: Lestari Tri Utami , Effendi Yetty Dwi , Chandra Ria
Published: February 2024

This study was meant to test the hypotheses that knowledge management are influenced by organizational culture and ICT usage, and that knowledge as a strategic imperative variable exerts influence on the increase of competitive intensity within banking and insurance companies. The study has used Structural Equation Models (SEMs) based on AMOS. The applied model is developed based upon model construction stages and structural equation analysis. The results obtained from the structural equation modeling analysis suggested that the research model exhibited a quite satisfactory overall fit. The influence of organizational culture on knowledge management in banking companies was the highest compared to what applied to insurance companies or total sample. While the influence of Internet of Things (ICT) usage on information management in insurance companies is the highest, the tested model can be used for strategic analysis of financial service companies.
The Impact of Customer Resource Contribution on Value Cocreation
Authors: Chahal Bindu , Brahmbhatt Amanpreet K.
Published: February 2024

The value co-creation process is a critical step in the value creation process. The present study attempts to identify the main barriers to customer resource contribution in value cocreation in Indian service industries and study their interrelationships and interdependence. A systematic literature review, followed by expert opinion from the Indian service industry, was done to identify and define the barriers. A total of 26 barriers were identified from the literature and established through expert judgement, for their applicability in India service industries. The findings of the study contribute to the advancement of the literature, especially for the service organizations, which strive to deploy value cocreated-based strategies for achieving competitive advantage. The framework proposed can help managers recognize the importance of the key roles played by the organization leadership, organizational processes, employee and the customer.
Research and Development Innovation of Consumer Digital Participation – A Double Case Study from the Perspective of Collaborative Evolution between Enterprises and Consumers
Authors: Xiao Jie , Wu Yuan , Liu Yuan , Xie Kai
Published: February 2024

Existing research in the business sector has given rise to different views on the relationship between customer participation and the innovation of products by enterprises. This paper examines the contribution of two forms of customer involvement to new product development (NPD) with a consideration of its challenges. This study identifies a firm's experimental learning approach as a condition that affects its ability to manage the challenges of continuous innovation and continuous innovation (CIS) and thus influences their effects on NPD outcomes; contrasting the conditional effects of CIS and CIC to understand how they work differently in influencing new product outcomes; and examining the potential substitutive relationship between CIS versus CIC versus a new product financial performance. The findings provide important implications for firms' decision-making regarding customer involvement in NPD. Overall, this study provides new empirically supported insights into the customer participation and customer knowledge on company product innovation performance, thus adding important results to literature, and thereby providing companies with practical implications on how they achieve the most effective results.
Comparative Evaluation of Value Systems of Future Managers from Different Races
Authors: Stephens Philip , Tucker Arthur
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to assess the value systems of future managers (senior business majors) using the Values for Working Questionnaire, compare the systems to previously obtained norms, and analyze group differences. Business administration students from several culturally diverse universities (i.e., Asian, African American, and Caucasian) were asked to complete a questionnaire measuring value systems, orientation patterns, and racial and cultural differences. The results showed that the largest percentage of the future managers as compared to managers were existential. The Asian group was significantly more inner directed than the other two race groups. African American future managers showed the most prevalent outer directed orientation of the three races and the strongest mixed pattern orientation. Asian managers showed a stronger preference for manipulative values than African American and Caucassian future managers. Race was shown to significantly impact a person's value system and orientation pattern in the present study.
Motivation Structure and Capacity Building of Technological Catch-up: Experience and Policy Implication of China’s High-speed Rail
Authors: He Jinliang , Lv Tingting , Huang Yidong , Jiang Huilin
Published: February 2024

In recent years, China's high-speed rail network (HSR) has experienced remarkable growth. This article uses a novel way to define HSR and to investigate the relationship between HSR and tourism development in China. The preliminary findings show that the expansion of HSR has greatly contributed to people's mobility choices, strengthened city-to-city relations and improved social development. Meanwhile, its negative impact on China's environmental impact should also be taken into account. It is demonstrated that cities located in the inland areas benefited more for tourism development induced by HSR compared to their coastal or regional central counterparts. However, the popularity of tourism attractions and the richness of tourism destinations are not so important, suggesting that the demand for leisure and vacation is gradually replaced by sightseeing in the relatively more remote areas thanks to the time-space compression effect of HSR. The research findings in this article strongly support China's effort in developing the country's HSR network which is connecting the vast majority of the prefecture-level cities as far as tourism development is concerned.
Strategic Management in Higher Educational Institutions: Comparative Analysis of University Core Values
Authors: Dragoun Roman , Brejcha Boris
Published: February 2024

Educational institutions have an increasingly vital role in regional and national economies. Higher education (HE) has been facing new challenges and demands due to political, economic, and technological changes in the course of the last few decades. The purpose of this study was to find out what values Czech and British HE institutions declare as their core values, and based on an analysis of these values identifies what are the differences in the content of organizational culture and the degree of stakeholder orientation of HE institution in the surveyed countries. A qualitative-research procedure was applied to meet the research objectives. The collected values were then analyzed and categorized according to their content similarity. Subsequently, the identified categories of university core values in both the countries were compared. The results showed that the Czech Republic and the UK are different substantially in the extent to which they formulated their values, or the extent that they use them as a tool for strategic management or as a marketing tool, respectively.
Equality and Diversity Policies in the Workplace: Implications for HR Practice
Authors: Buckley Rebecca J. , MacNamara Fiona
Published: February 2024

Equality and diversity in the workplace are a sensitive, but serious issue. Fair treatment of employees, regardless of age, gender, race or other characteristics, is the central element of enterprise ethics and effective employee management. This paper examines the effectiveness of equality and diversity policies and initiatives in two UK case study organisations. In-depth interviews were conducted with ethnic minority groups and managers in both organisations. The main findings are that there were two opposite camps on attitudes regarding diversity initiatives and specifically positive action and exclusive training for ethnic minorities and women. Positive action is a very sensitive area to implement which needs careful planning and continuous communication with all staff. The findings presented in this paper suggest important implications for HR practice within organisations which aim to create a diverse organisational environment of fairness and appreciation of its members, rather than excluding some in favour of others. Suitable policies are required to reduce discrimination and ensure appropriate action when incidents occur.
Formation Mechanism and Incentive Effect of Vertical Financial Imbalance
Authors: Li Yong , Zhang Fan
Published: February 2024

This paper integrates vertical fiscal imbalance, transfer payments and fiscal sustainability into the framework of Chinese-style fiscal decentralization, and systematically interprets the relationship among them. Then we use the concept of effective fiscal space to quantify fiscal sustainability, and empirically study whether and to what extent the local public finance in China is sustainable, as well as the impact of fiscal vertical imbalance and transfer payment system on local fiscal sustainability. The results show that the current fiscal behaviors of China's local governments are unsustainable, but most of them have sufficient space to establish a positive fiscal feedback mechanism through fiscal adjustment to achieve sustainable development of debt. Moreover, the comprehensive impact of transfer payment on fiscal sustainability is positive, which suggests that the positive effect of transfer payments on governments' fiscal behaviors through incentives and accountability mechanisms and filling fiscal gap is greater than the distorting effect of the moral hazard and “flypaper effect.”
Corporate Inventory Adjustment and the Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in China
Authors: Wang Youyi , Wu Hao
Published: February 2024

For many years, China has been very much conservative in fiscal expansion. In this paper, we analyze the impact of economic policy uncertainty on the adjustment of corporate inventory holdings, as well as its intrinsic mechanism and economic consequences. The empirical results show that the increase in policy uncertainty has a significant and negative effect on the level of corporate inventories, and non-SOEs are affected more than SOEs. In addition, we find that the larger the financial constraints or the better the external governance, the greater the inhibitory effect of policy uncertain on inventory investment. In summary, policy uncertainty may lead to an increase in corporate cash holdings and a reduction in inventories through the deterioration of the financing environment and the increase of business risk. The main issues are examined with a view to providing policy recommendations that would allow to maintain robust growth in a sustainable manner
Study on the Initial Carbon Quota Allocation Scheme of Provincial Regions in China from the Perspective of Responsibility and Goal, Fairness and Efficiency
Authors: Wang Wen Jun , Chen Zhi Long
Published: February 2024

China's commitment to identifying national carbon reduction targets is an essential topic. This study focuses on carbon quota allocation in China's unified carbon market under the principles of both equity and efficiency. First, we develop a carbon Gini coefficient to reflect the allocation equity and an emission abatement cost function to measure efficiency, respectively, which we further introduce as objectives into a multi-objective nonlinear programming model to obtain the optimal allocation. Second, we determine the optimal weights for the indicators constituting the comprehensive index, avoiding subjectivity in weight setting. Third, we calculate the provincial carbon intensity reduction burdens as well as the optimal carbon emission quos for 30 provinces in China, which has significant policy implications for the establishment of a unified national carbon market. Based on our results, we make four policy recommendations related to the construction of the national unified market. Our research not only contributes to the progress of existing literature on the methodology of regional allocation of carbon quotas, but also has a special interest for policy makers
The Concept of Responsible Leadership Development: Relationship between Business Leaders and Social and Environmental Dimensions
Authors: Shaheen Ahmed F. , Abdelrahman Ashraf Abdel
Published: February 2024

The concept of Responsible Leadership (RL) has become a growing area of interest in business research. RL is based on interrelationship between companies and external stakeholders that integrates values and ethics to achieve common goals. Socially responsible leadership plays an important role in influencing the organizational ethical environment, and the transparency of leaders' relationships also plays an important role in influencing the ethical environment. This paper presents a full image and framework with dimensions for RL that has previously been examined, tested, and presented in the literature. This study used a mixed method of research design, namely convergent parallel design. The main finding of this study is that the main dimensions for RL are Personal, Followers, Organizational, and Community dimensions. In addition, this research has taken into consideration the perceived ones of responsible leadership — distributive and interactional — on the four level dimensions discussed here. Subsequently, further analysis, limitations, and recommendations for future research were discussed, and the study's academic and practical impact was presented.
Cultural Aspects Influencing the Success of Change Management Projects
Authors: Meyer Hertwig , Lorenz Ralf
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this paper is to provide research results of positive and negative correlations between the success of change projects and certain cultural characteristics in an organization. The first question is how to decide for a change attempt that fits to the organizational culture and how to manage change projects successfully within a given culture. The second question is the question, which methods and actions are suggestive once hindering and supporting aspects of an organizational culture are identified. The research within this project was conducted in basically two steps thus combining qualitative and quantitative methods. A set of relevant characteristics was identified and further investigated in the quantitative second step of the project. During the second step an online survey with more than five hundred of executives and consultants was conducted. The findings provide a valid starting point for change managers who would like to asses cultural aspects concerning their projects.
Small and Medium Enterprises' Supplier Selection Approaches
Authors: Mulaudzi Tambu S. , Ngomane Ndivhuwo P. , Nyandoro Brian
Published: February 2024

Undoubtfully, successful performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) greatly depends on the ability of their management to integrate the complex network of business relationships in selecting suppliers. The purpose of this paper is to explore the supplier selection approaches of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The main approaches followed are exploratory- and descriptive research aimed at exploring and describing how SMEs choose their suppliers. The most favoured criterion (factor) for supplier selection was flexibility, with delivery being the second most preferred followed by the financial status and capabilities and motivation of the supplier. The failure rate for small businesses is high and the results of this study could advise small businesses which criteria to pay attention to, to prevent business failure. As competition is fierce in the SME sector, it is important to choose suppliers that meet ISO 14000 certification in addition to ISO 9000 quality certification, as it shows customers that these SMEs offer quality products and are environ-mentally conscious.
Exploring the Influence of Leadership Styles on Employees Engagement Level
Authors: Esguerra Paulo Escosura , Padilla Vonette
Published: February 2024

This case study aimed to investigate the relationship of administrators' leadership styles and employee engagement. To this end, we used the reduced and modified Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), which contained twenty-five statements that represent the nine leadership factors. It also measured the relationship between the employee-respondents' and administrators' perceptions of their administrators and their level of employee engagement. The results showed that five elements of transformational leadership styles have significant correlation with overall employee engagement and to at least one of the employee engagement aspects, and these are idealized influence (attributed), idealised influence (behavior), inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. This study also learned that active management by exception and laissez-faire leadership style have no significant positive relationship with employee engagement. The company should also review and improve its present rewards system and incentive programs which managers can use in influencing subordinates at work. The firm should also devise and regularly implement leadership training programs which can enhance managers' leadership skills and styles.
Gender-based Aspects of Atychiphobia in the Workplace: An Exploratory Research on the Role of Gender
Authors: Jameson Nicole , Rogers Daniel
Published: February 2024

Atychiphobia is an extreme fear of failure that affects people's ability to function in their daily lives. The person may avoid or delay the task because he or she is afraid of not completing the task. It is a particular phobia, a kind of anxiety disorder. This exploratory study aimed to determine gender role differences in perceiving atychiphobia in the workplace. A multi-respondent survey design was used. The perceptual framework of gender SWEAP analysis was used to investigate how male and female employees reacted to atychphobia in their workplace. The results indicate that males regard the relationship between gender and atychyphobia as significantly stronger than what females do. Men and women have generally similar rates of mental health, but women face specific challenges in their workplaces. Some are related to gender roles and stereotypes, while others are crossing. Mental health is interdependent, because identity markers such as race and gender shape individuals' experiences; it is also an emerging category of diversity, equity and inclusion. The findings of this exploratory research provide meaningful empirical support to the aim and hypothesis of this study. This paper therefore adds to the literature on atychiphobia.
A Practical View on Crowdfunding Projects Design: Innovative Approach in Entrepreneurial Finance Management
Authors: Jameson Matthew W. , Kiesling Robert S.
Published: February 2024

Lack of financing is widely recognized as one of the main obstacles to many innovative ventures, especially the risks and innovations. Most of these difficulties are due to the serious asymmetries of information and the cost of agencies faced by many start-ups, but others may be due to the lack of compatibility with the investment objectives of investors. Despite the fact that the concept of crowdfunding has been widely used recently, the concept of value propositions has not been fully explored in the literature. In this study, we will qualitatively analyze the value proposition dimensions that successfully raised funds from backers of crowdfunding projects. This study provides several practical implications for crowdfunding projects created by product founders and entrepreneurs. The findings recommend that project creators who would like to raise funds or promote products using crowdfunding should consider offering value proposition values to potential backers. In addition, the findings suggest that crowdfunding projects can convince backers about a brand's potential.
Consistently Obey and Serve the Construction of a Modern and Powerful Socialist Country: The Historical, Practical and Theoretical Logic of China’s Seventy Years of Public Finance Development since 1949
Authors: Lu Wen , Jidong Jia
Published: February 2024

The development of China's foreign exchange market has been a remarkable achievement in the past 70 years. The establishment of a new system of socialist market economy in a large developing country that has been devastated by a hundred years of war is also an unprecedented feat in the international financial history. As a result, the People's Republic of China has adhered to the general orientation of serving the development of the national economy – constantly explored and innovated in practice – and blazed a path for building a currency exchange market suited to its national conditions, thus leaving a legacy of historical experience for other developing countries to learn from