bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The acceptability and side effects of COVID-19 vaccine among health care workers in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ilori Oluwatosin Ruth , Ilori Oluwatosin Stephen , Oluwatobi Awodutire Phillip , Ige Olabisi Roseline , Idowu Adesanmi B , Balogun Oluwafemi Samson , Lawal Olamide Idris
Published: June 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is global public health crisis. Mass vaccination, until herd immunity is achieved, is one of the most effective ways of combating the deadly infectious virus. The disposition of health workers towards the AstraZeneca vaccine will most likely determine if other members of the community will be willing to get vaccinated or not. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the attitudes of healthcare workers to the COVID-19 vaccine, as well as determine the various side effects experienced by those who have already been vaccinated.

Method: Frequency tables were created, and Chi-square was used to determine the relationship between respondents' socio-demographic characteristics, as well as their acceptance or rejection of the COVID-19 vaccine and attitude towards it. Using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22.0, multinominal logistic regression was used to determine the key factors which influenced respondents’ decision to have the vaccine.

Result: There was a statistically significant relationship between the cadre of health care workers, their tribe, and their involvement in the care of COVID-19 patients and their attitude towards the vaccine.

Conclusion: Previous involvement in the care of COVID-19 patients is one of the most important determinants of health care workers' acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Most respondents were positive about the vaccine; however, the fear of side effects was the primary reason why those who were yet to be vaccinated, do not plan to do so. The most common side effect reported by those who had already been vaccinated, was pain at the injection site. Public awareness of the vaccine and its benefits should be increased, and the vaccine should be made available in all health care facilities.
Contribution of the Big Five Personality Factors in predicting psychological hardiness among counselors working in providing psychosocial support for refugees in Jordan
Authors: Almahaireh Abdallah , AlKhawaldeh Mohammad , Salem Hussein
Published: June 2022

Aim of the study

The study aimed to identify the level of psychological hardiness and the big five factors of the dominant personality,and to reveal the contribution of those factors in predicting psychological hardiness among counselors working in providing psychosocial support to refugees in Jordan.

Subject or material and methods

The study sample consisted of (110) counselors, they were chosen by the purposive method. The researchers used a questionnaire as the study instrument that consisted of a sixty item of the big five personality factors scale and a twenty-six-item Psychological Hardiness scale

Results

The results of the study showed the level of psychological hardiness was at a high level. The big five factors of dominant personality among the psychological counselors are in order: conscientiousness, openness, extraversion, agreeableness, all of them at a medium level, then neuroticism at a low level. The results also showed that the big five personality factors explained (48.3%) as a statistically significant predictor of counselor’s psychological hardiness.

Discussion

There is an existence of a statistically significant of the big five personality factors in predicting psychological hardiness among psychological counselors working in providing psychosocial support services to refugees and it is consistent with the results of the various studies of different and special society categories.

Conclusions

Organizations working with Refugees as the Institute for Family Health, the Center for Rehabilitation of Victims of Torture, the Child Protection Foundation, and the Society JRC for the rehabilitation of refugees, must invest the personal factors that characterize the counselors in improving their effectiveness in providing services and psychological support.
C-Reactive protein and Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in Depressive disorder: a hospital based cross sectional study
Authors: B.M Uma , Bondade Swapna , Puthane Krishnaji Rao Sunil
Published: June 2022

Aim of the study

To evaluate High sensitive C-reactive Protein (Hs CRP) and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with Depression and to compare HsCRP and NLR in Major Depressive disorder (MDD) and Recurrent depressive disorder (RDD)

Subject or material and methods

This was a hospital-based case control study conducted in year 2019 for 3 months duration. Ninety eight patients with Depressive disorder and 50 healthy controls were included. HAM-D, HsCRP and NLR was assessed for all subjects.

Results

HsCRP and NLR was more in patients with Depression than in controls and this was statistically significant. HsCRP and NLR was more in RDD compared to MDD. Both HsCRP, NLR were positively correlated with age, duration of illness, number of depressive episodes and HAMD scores. The odds of suicidal ideas in depressive patients was more with increase in HsCRP and NLR.

Discussion

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to compare inflammatory parameters in MDD and RDD. In our study, CRP and NLR were more in RDD compared to MDD. This could be explained by immune dysregulation and chronic inflammation in RDD. Resistance to antidepressant therapy, and relapse of depression causes an activation of inflammatory response. In the present study, we observed an association between suicidal ideas and CRP, NLR.

Conclusions

Inflammation plays a significant role in depression as indicated by elevated HsCRP and NLR. These parameters help to assess suicidal risk. A futuristic study can be taken up to assess the effect of antidepressants on their levels.
Anxiety in times of pandemic: Analysis of Latin American scientific production
Authors: Hernández Ronald M. , Cespedes-Lavalle Silvana , Díaz-Herrera Dana Aylin , Eche Gonzales Evelyn Celeste , Calle-Ramirez Xiomara M. , Saavedra-López Miguel A.
Published: June 2022

A retrospective study was conducted in which articles on anxiety in times of pandemic published and indexed in the Scopus database were examined, and whose authors are affiliated with Latin American institutions. Latin American scientific production on anxiety continues to increase. Brazil is the country that contributes the highest production, representing 44.67% of production, followed by Mexico, Argentina and Peru. Research on psychological variables and their relationship with COVID-19 in Latin America is still limited with respect to world production. It is necessary to increase the collaboration of international authors through the formation of professional and academic groups within and outside the region.
Editorial
Authors: Cyranka Katarzyna
Published: June 2022

In the current issue, which we pass on to you for reading and reflection, we continue the topical themes of the threats that we have come to experience. Thanks to researchers who undertake research related to pandemics, the plight of refugees, or climate change, we have an opportunity to be better prepared to face their consequences, including in the area of mental health care for both individuals and entire populations.
Ronald M. Hernández and colleagues from Lima University and Tumbes University in Perú have just done a retrospective analysis of the number of studies that have included the Latin American population. They found that there was a lack of research on the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and disorders in this population in a number of Central and South American countries. Colleagues on the other side of the globe, from Jordan, found by assessing the personality traits of counselors supporting refugees that the big five personality factors explained (48.3%) as a statistically significant predictor of counselor's psychological hardiness. As one might guess, neuroticism was among these traits at the lowest level.
A 45-year follow-up study of juvenile schizophrenia. Part III: clinical picture and effect of the first hospitalization in the context of disease course and long-term social functioning of patients
Authors: Ślosarczyk Mariusz , Ślosarczyk Katarzyna , Ślosarczyk Mariusz
Published: June 2022

Cel pracy

W literaturze przedmiotu rzadko spotyka się badania nad predyktorami przebiegu schizofrenii młodzieńczej, zwłaszcza oparte na danych pochodzących z długoterminowych katamnez. W naszej analizie badamy zależności pomiędzy obrazem i efektem klinicznym pierwszej hospitalizacji a wskaźnikami klinicznymi i społecznymi przebiegu choroby.

Metoda

69 pacjentów hospitalizowanych w wieku średnio 16 lat (punkt 0) z powodu schizofrenii (rediagnozowanej retrospektywnie wg kryteriów ICD-10) i powtórnie zbadanych w 5 lat później (punkt 1 – badanie osobiste dotyczyło 41 osób) zostało po raz kolejny poddanych ocenie pod kątem parametrów klinicznych i społecznych w 45 lat po wyjściowej hospitalizacji (punkt 2 – badanie osobiste dotyczyło 21 osób).

Wyniki

Obraz kliniczny pierwszego epizodu schizofrenii w zakresie objawów autyzmu, apatii i abulii, objawów rozszczepiennych, formalnych zaburzeń myślenia, objawów katatonicznych, objawów hebefrenicznych, urojeń, omamów oraz sumarycznego nasilenia całej schizofreniczne psychopatologii, a także efekt pierwszej hospitalizacji (mierzony poziomem poprawy, wglądu oraz zdolności relacyjnych) ujawniły liczne i różnorodne korelacje zarówno z obrazem objawowym i klinicznym przebiegiem schizofrenii, jak i odległym funkcjonowaniem społecznym badanych. Zmiennymi o największym znaczeniu rokowniczym okazały się wyjściowy autyzm oraz poziom poprawy klinicznej, wglądu i zdolności do tworzenia relacji mierzone na końcu pierwszej hospitalizacji.

Wnioski

Objawy negatywne podczas pierwszego epizodu schizofrenii oraz jakość poprawy w obszarach objawów, wglądu chorobowego i zdolności do tworzenia związków osiągniętej podczas pierwszego pobytu szpitalnego okazały się istotnymi czynnikami prognostycznymi w schizofrenii młodzieńczej.
Evaluation of the relationship between some mental state parameters and the quality of life in patients with allergic diseases.
Authors: Badura Brzoza Karina , Piegza Magdalena , Błachut Michał , Gorczyca Piotr , Brzoza Zenon
Published: June 2022

Cel pracy

Celem pracy była ocena związku objawów depresji, poziomu poczucia koherencji z jakością życia pacjentów z chorobami alergicznymi.

Metoda

W badaniu udział wzięło 50 chorych na astmę oskrzelową, 72 chorych na sezonowy alergiczny nieżyt nosa, oraz 48 chorych na atopowe zapalenie skóry. Grupę kontrolną stanowiło 50 zdrowych ochotników. W ocenie depresji użyto skali BDI, w ocenie poczucia koherencji skali SOC-29, w ocenie jakości życia skali SF-36.

Wyniki

Średnie wartości nasilenia depresji były w grupie chorych na alergiczny nieżyt nosa oraz chorych na atopowe zapalenie skóry wyższe niż w grupie kontrolnej. Chorzy w tej ostatniej grupie wykazywali ponadto wyższe niż chorzy na astmę oskrzelową wartości nasilenia depresji. We wszystkich grupach badanych wykazano, w porównaniu z osobami zdrowymi, znamiennie statystycznie niższe wartości parametrów całkowitego poczucia koherencji. Nie zaobserwowano różnic w wartościach poczucia koherencji, w porównaniach między grupami badanymi. We wszystkich grupach chorych, w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną, obserwowano niższe wartości w zakresie funkcjonowania fizycznego (PCS) skali jakości życia.
Nasilenie objawów depresji we wszystkich grupach wykazywało negatywne korelacje z parametrami jakości życia oraz poczuciem koherencji. Parametry poczucia koherencji korelowały ponadto negatywnie z parametrami funkcjonowania w wymiarze psychicznym (MCS) skali jakości życia.

Wnioski

1. Pacjenci z atopowym zapaleniem skóry wykazali największe nasilenia objawu depresyjnych.
2. Chorzy na sezonowy alergiczny nieżyt nosa wykazują lepszą jakości życia niż chorzy na przewlekłą astmę oskrzelową i chorzy na atopowe zapalenie skóry
3. Niskie poczucie koherencji u osób cierpiących na atopowe choroby alergiczne oraz występowaniem objawów depresji może pogarszać jakością życia.
The specificity and the affective sign of autobiographical memories in individuals with depressive disorders and alcohol use disorder
Authors: Rybak-Korneluk Anna , Wichowicz Hubert , Stankiewicz-Wróblewska Joanna , Żuk Krzysztof , Dziurkowski Maciej , Adrych Krystian
Published: June 2022

Cel pracy

Zaburzenia psychiczne mogą zakłócać Pamięć Autobiograficzną (PA). Przykładem są nadmiernie generalne wspomnienia tj. pozbawione detali wspomnienia o uogólnionym i semantycznym charakterze. Głównym celem badania była ocena funkcjonowania PA u pacjentów z epizodem depresji (DEP) i zespołem zależności alkoholowej (ALK).

Metoda

Badanie porównało dwie grupy badane: hospitalizowanych pacjentów z DEP i ALK (grupy badane) oraz dwie grupy kontrolne: osoby hospitalizowane z powodu chorób gastroenterologicznych (CON) i zdrowe (PAN) (N = 39 dla każdej; średnia wieku: 46,0 ± 13,6, brak różnic).
Testem Pamięci Autobiograficznej sprawdzono specyficzność PA. Uczestnicy ocenili wspomnienia pod względem wyrazistości, intensywności i znaku afektywnego.

Wyniki

Grupy badane przywołały mniej specyficznych wspomnień niż kontrolne (p < ,001 dla: wszystkich, pozytywnych i negatywnych słów bodźcowych), z najniższymi wynikami w DEP. Grupy kliniczne przywołały również więcej negatywnych i mniej pozytywnych wspomnień (p < ,001) niż kontrolne; z deficytem pozytywnych wspomnień w DEP i nadmiarem negatywnych w ALK.
Analiza odpowiedzi niespecyficznych ujawniła, że grupa ALK przywoływała więcej wspomnień „rozszerzonych” niż CON (p < ,005) i „kategorycznych” niż grupy kontrolne (p < ,05). Grupa DEP przywoływała więcej „skojarzeń semantycznych” niż PAN (p < ,001).

Wnioski

Wyniki potwierdziły obecność NGW w grupach klinicznych. ZZA zakłóca mechanizm generowania wspomnień specyficznych w mniejszym stopniu niż zaburzenia nastroju. Ponadto osoby z grup klinicznych oceniają swoją przeszłość bardziej pesymistycznie niż z grup kontrolnych. Wzorzec wyników obejmuje zmniejszoną liczbę wspomnień pozytywnych u osób z epizodem depresji, a prawdopodobnie zwiększoną negatywnych – u osób z ALK.
Mental Health Centers. Preliminary evaluation of the pilot program implementation process
Authors: Biechowska Daria , Cechnicki Andrzej , Godyń Jan , Balicki Marek , Wciórka Jacek , Ciuńczyk Izabela , Galińska-Skok Beata
Published: June 2022

Cel pracy

Celem zaprezentowanych badań jest charakterystyka działających centrów zdrowia psychicznego oraz wstępna ocena procesu wdrażania modelu pilotażowego w obszarze opieki psychiatrycznej w Polsce.

Metoda

W badaniu wykorzystano polską wersję niemieckiej ankiety, która obejmuje cztery obszary: Podstawowe warunki projektu modelowego/pilotażu; Charakterystyka struktury organizacyjnej podmiotu leczniczego; Charakterystyka statystyczna świadczonych usług; Szczególne cechy systemu opieki psychiatrycznej w regionach modelowych/pilotażowych centrach zdrowia psychicznego.

Wyniki

Ankietę wypełniło 19 z 27 centrów zdrowia psychicznego. Centra dysponują 428 miejscami w oddziałach dziennych i 1 971 łóżkami w oddziałach stacjonarnych. Większość centrów (15 z 19) współpracuje z podwykonawcami i wszystkie są finansowane ze środków publicznych. W odniesieniu do struktury organizacyjnej, to 8 centrów zostało założonych przez szpital psychiatryczny, a 11 centrów przy oddziałach psychiatrycznych szpitali wielospecjalistycznych. Usługi medyczne świadczone w centrach obejmują głównie psychiatrię i psychoterapię. W 2019 roku centra udzieliły usług medycznych łącznie 65 614 pacjentom. 8 432 pacjentów korzystało z co najmniej trzech form leczenia.

Wnioski

Pierwszy pełen rok funkcjonowania CZP w pilotażu wskazuje na spodziewany kierunek zmian w opiece psychiatrycznej - osiągnięcie znacznego poziomu wdrożenia standardów opieki środowiskowej. W celu weryfikacji tego kierunku badania wymagają powtórzenia. Ograniczeniem przeprowadzonych badań był brak odpowiedzi na ankietę z 30% CZP. W przyszłości należy dążyć do co najmniej 90% wypełnionych ankiet.
Editorial
Authors: Dudek Dominika , Sobański Jerzy , Klasa Katarzyna
Published: June 2022

bez streszczenia _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Finanse publiczne w sytuacjach kryzysowych: Zagadnienia prawno-finansowe
Authors: Kuca Grzegorz
Published: June 2022

Zagadnienia omawiane przez poszczególnych Autorów są ważne i aktualne, a wielowątkowość podjętych tematów oraz spojrzenie na nie zarówno przez prawników, jak i ekonomistów wyróżniają tę publikację spośród innych. Należy podkreślić, że obowiązujące w Polsce przepisy prawa finansowego są bardzo złożone, często niespójne i niejasne, a ich mnogość oraz duży stopień skomplikowania utrudniają funkcjonowanie wszystkim podmiotom, których dotyczą, i stają się źródłem ryzyka dla uczestników stosunków prawno-finansowych, zwłaszcza podatników. Rozwiązania zastosowane w sytuacji aktualnego kryzysu związanego z pandemią wymagają udoskonalenia, na co zwracają uwagę wszyscy Autorzy poszczególnych opracowań. Z recenzji prof. dr hab. Jadwigi Glumińskiej-Pawlic
Impact of Traceability Technology Adoption in Food Supply Chain Networks
Authors: Dong Lingxiu , Jiang Puping (Phil) , Xu Fasheng
Published: June 2022

Improving traceability in food supply chains has been a big part of ongoing effort to reduce contamination risks and food waste. Recent technology advancement such as blockchain technology has propelled innovative retailers to promote food traceability system adoption in their supply chains. We develop a three-tier supply chain model with multiple upstream (tier 2) suppliers to investigate how traceability technology adoption affects incentives of supply chain members and whether and how its anticipated benefits can be realized. We find that full traceability brings direct revenue benefit to every supply chain member by saving uncontaminated food from disposal (pure traceability effect) but also leaves each tier of the supply chain vulnerable to its immediate downstream buyer’s exploitation through strategically lowering the purchasing price (strategic pricing effect). The interplay of the two effects may result in some of the supply chain members (even the retailer) being worse off with traceability adoption and the system being exposed to higher contamination risk; the latter is because of the weakened upstream supplier’s incentive to exert contamination risk-reduction effort. Moreover, we find that the supply chain network structure also influences the benefit distribution of traceability adoption: The retailer always benefits from traceability adoption in network structures where the tier 1 supplier’s strategic pricing power is eliminated or weakened; all supply chain members benefit from traceability adoption in a network with a large number of tier 2 suppliers. Finally, we show that alternative risk-mitigation schemes such as tier 2 coordination can diminish the value of traceability adoption, and partial traceability enabled by tier 1 product inspection can be more beneficial to the retailer than full traceability.

This paper was accepted by Victor Martínez-de-Albéniz, operations management.

Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4440 .
Using Algebraic Manipulations and Analogical Transformations to Problem-Solving of Contextual Chemistry Problems
Authors: Vula Eda , Berisha Fatlume
Published: June 2022

Algebraic knowledge transfer is considered an important skill in problem-solving. Using algebraic knowledge transfer, students can connect concepts using common procedural similarities. This quasi-experimental study investigates the influence of algebraic knowledge in solving problems in a chemistry context by using analogical transformations. The impact of structured steps that students need to take during the process of solving stoichiometric problems was explicitly analyzed. A total of 108 eighth-grade students participated in the study. Of the overall number of students, half of them were included in the experimental classes, whereas the other half were part of the control classes. Before and after the intervention, contextual problems were administered twice to all the student participants. The study results indicate that the students of the experimental classes exposed to structured steps in solving algebraic problems and the procedural transformations scored better results in solving problems in mathematics for chemistry compared to their peers who did not receive such instruction. Nevertheless, the result shows that although the intervention was carried out in mathematics classes, its effect was more significant on students' achievements in chemistry. The findings and their practical implications are discussed at the end of the study.
Terahertz optical properties and birefringence in single crystal vanadium doped (100) β-Ga2O3
Authors: Punjal Ajinkya , Choudhary Shraddha , Narayanan Maneesha , Chemate Dhanashree , Kulkarni Ruta , Thamizhavel Arumugam , Bhattacharya Arnab , Prabhu S. S.
Published: June 2022

We report the terahertz optical properties of vanadium doped (100) β-Ga2O3 using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The V-doped β-Ga2O3 crystal shows strong birefringence in the 0.2-2.4 THz range. Further, phase retardation by the V-doped β-Ga2O3 has been measured over the whole THz range by terahertz time-domain polarimetry (THz-TDP). It is observed that the V-doped β-Ga2O3 crystal behaves both as a quarter waveplate (QWP) at 0.38, 1.08, 1.71, 2.28 THz, and a half waveplate (HWP) at 0.74 and 1.94 THz, respectively.
Single-shot ultrafast multiplexed coherent diffraction imaging
Authors: Xu Yingming , Pan Xingchen , Sun Mingying , Liu Wenfeng , Liu Cheng , Zhu Jianqiang
Published: June 2022

Classic interferometry was commonly adopted to realize ultrafast phase imaging using pulsed lasers; however, the reference beam required makes the optical structure of the imaging system very complex, and high temporal resolution was reached by sacrificing spatial resolution. This study presents a type of single-shot ultrafast multiplexed coherent diffraction imaging technique to realize ultrafast phase imaging with both high spatial and temporal resolutions using a simple optical setup, and temporal resolution of nanosecond to femtosecond scale can be realized using lasers of different pulse durations. This technique applies a multiplexed algorithm to avoid the data division in space domain or frequency domain and greatly improves the spatial resolution. The advantages of this proposed technique on both the simple optical structure and high image quality were demonstrated by imaging the generation and evaluating the laser-induced damage and accompanying phenomenon of laser filament and shock wave at a spatial resolution better than 6.96 μm and a temporal resolution better than 10 ns.
JUSTIÇA, RESPONSABILIZAÇÃO E RECONCILIAÇÃO: OS CASOS DAS CRIANÇAS SOLDADOS NOS CONFLITOS ARMADOS DA LIBÉRIA, SERRA LEOA E UGANDA
Authors: Aguilar Sergio Luiz Cruz , Guerra Maria Eduarda
Published: June 2022

Este artigo debate a questão das crianças soldados, em relação ao seu recrutamento por grupos armados, aos processos de reintegração e responsabilização pelos crimes cometidos quando membros dos grupos armados. Utiliza a pesquisa qualitativa que inclui os estudos dos casos das guerras civis da Libéria (1989-2003) e Serra Leoa (1991-2002), e da insurgência no norte de Uganda (1986-2008). Utilizamos o método de abordagem dedutivo a partir de fontes primárias e secundárias. O argumento é que, apesar da dinâmica dos recrutamentos ser semelhante, a decisão de como lidar com a responsabilização criminal das ex-crianças soldados tem relação com o tipo de conflito vivido pelo Estado e o entendimento de como deve ser a justiça no contexto da reconciliação nacional. O artigo conclui que, embora os três casos possuam semelhanças em relação ao recrutamento e uso de crianças nos conflitos, a reintegração e a responsabilização se deram de modos diferentes.
Awareness Regarding Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance among Health Care Professionals and Lay Persons
Authors: Tilesh Turankar  , Shilpa A. Gaidhane  , Priti Abhay Karadbhajane  , Sonali G. Chaudhari  , Abhay M. Gaidhane  , Shantanu Raju Sawale
Published: June 2022

Authors have decided to withdraw the article citing the following reasons-

The article with same title and similar content was already published in JPRI Journal in December 2021.

Original Citation-

Turankar T, Gaidhane SA, Karadbhajane PA, et al. Awareness regarding antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance among health care professionals and lay persons. J Evolution Med Dent Sci 2022;11(05):533-536,

DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2022/107
ambientalização curricular no ensino superior:
Authors: Silva Norma Nancy Emanuelle Silverio da , Tauceda Karen Cavalcanti
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar quais os conhecimentos propostos por nove cursos de licenciatura em química que pressupõem a ambientalização curricular no ensino superior. A pesquisa classifica-se como exploratória, descritiva e documental, numa abordagem qualitativa, com uso da técnica de análise de conteúdo e aplicação dos Indicadores da Rede ACES. Foram analisadas 44 disciplinas que apresentaram conteúdos envolvendo a problemática socioambiental. Os resultados indicam um processo paulatino de ambientalização curricular no ensino superior, tanto no que se refere à inclusão da dimensão ambiental (art. 11 da PNEA), quanto ao alinhamento aproximativo às características propostas pela Rede ACES. Todos os nove cursos apresentaram componentes curriculares com potencialidades para o debate em torno da problemática socioambiental, mas estruturados numa proposta epistemológica disjuntiva do conhecimento, o que não se coaduna com a necessária visão complexa das múltiplas causas dos problemas socioambientais.
The Role of Competence, Culture, and Socio-spiritual Factors in the Implementation of the Village Financial System
Authors: Ekaningtias Diah
Published: June 2022

This study aims to interpret how competence, culture, and socio-spiritual factors influence the implementation of the village financial system in Tanjungarum Village, Sukorejo, Pasuruan. This research is a case study using qualitative research method. The village head, village secretary, finance chief, and village treasurer were selected as the key informants. The results of this study reveal that the competency of village officials, as village government accountants, is still inadequate and it requires regular mentoring and training on operationalizing the village financial system. The cultural dimension inherent in the Tanjungarum Village community tends to be uniform, masculine and high power distance and it is an obstacle in accepting the new village financial system. The beginning of its implementation, the system experienced a lot of resistance, but in the end a culture of mutual help and acceptance of change was shown by the community. Strong socio-spiritual aspect also strengthens the formation of the character of Tanjungarum Village officials who are honest and religious so that they realize that life is a form of worship to God Almighty. Life is not merely for the sake of economic gain but more than that, it has an altruistic transcendental value that better prepares provisions for realizing transparent and accountable management of village funds.
Intolerance of Ambiguity in the Behavior of Using Accrual based Accounting Information
Authors: Siallagan Hamonangan
Published: June 2022

This research aimed to examine the effects of 1) beliefs on attitude towards the use of accrual information; 2) attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on the intention of using accrual information; 3) perceived behavioral control and intention on the behavior of using accrual information; and 4) intolerance of ambiguity as moderator on the effect of intention on the behavior of using accrual information. This study used primary data taken by administering questionnaires to the respondents. The data were analyzed usingÂ  SEM-PLS approach and WarpPLS software. The results supported the first five hypotheses, except the sixth one. The research results indicated that there was a negative role of intolerance of ambiguity. Research implications suggest that the cognitive theory and the theory of planned behavior can be used to explain the behavior of using accrual information for decision making.
Dimensions of Implication A Review of the Saying-Meaning-Implying Trichotomy
Authors:   Department of English Language, College of Education, University of Raparin, Kurdistan Region ,Iraq, Othma Saman M. n , Salih Salah M. ,   Department of English Language, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Koya University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: June 2022

Grice’s distinction between what is said and what is implicated in the theory of Conversational Implicature is a sketchy proposal, because what is said is quite complex and is the main source of controversy among the philosophers of language and linguists. This article aims at reviewing the modern theories of meaning. Semanticists, linguists and language philosophers have posited meaning in various dichotomies: sentence meaning / utterance meaning; sentence meaning/ speaker meaning; saying / implying, implicature/ explicature; implicature/ entailment; implicature/presupposition; implicature/ enrichment; implicature/ inference. These meaning dichotomies have failed to address the question of whether or not implication should be recognized as a two-way process or a three-way process. In Grice’s theory, ‘what is said’ can be envisaged in two more distinctions: ‘what is said versus what is implicated’, and ‘what is said versus what is meant.’ Moreover, after the establishment of the implicature notion, some linguists and language philosophers argued for additional terms to account for other aspects of pragmatic inferences that implicature theory has failed to recover. In conclusion, it is believed that the traditional account of meaning dichotomy, which is between what is said and what is implicated, is better substituted with trichotomy: what is said, what is meant, and what is implicated.
Evaluation of The Current Reality of Public-School Sites in Koya City Using Multi-Standard GIS
Authors:   Department of Geography, Faculty of Education, Koya University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Aziz Rostam S.
Published: June 2022

This study mainly aims at making use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) supported by samples of multi-criteria location evaluation model to assess the current situation of school location in Koya town. It depends on some geographical conditions and criteria that are required to obtain a suitable digital sample to clarify the current location of school buildings in the study field. Therefore, the study has relied on multilayers geographical databases to construct a model drawing on Satellite images GeoEye-2 Earth Observation Satellite with the special accuracy 0.5 meters to anticipate the necessary variables in building the geographical database within the geographic information systems. Multiple spatial analysis of geographic layers resulted in a map that can illustrate the appropriateness of the school locations based on ten variables which are: The nature of the slope, the nature of the directions, the distance from the main roads, the distance from the Petrol stations, the distance from the cemeteries, the distance from the electricity generators, the distance from the industrial area, the distance from the medium voltage lines, the distance from the sewage treatment plants, and the distance from the waste dumps. Thus, we could arrive at five locations: the location (1) is the least appropriate based on the conditions, the location (2) is appropriate, the location (3) is medium assessment, whereas the locations (4 and 5)) are regarded as the most appropriate locations to build schools on. The study recommends reconsidering the distributions of the proposed educational establishments in the study field on the basis of their determination by the spatial appropriateness models.
Optimization of Aeration for Accelerating Municipal Solid Waste Biodrying
Authors: Payomthip Panida , Towprayoon Sirintornthep , Chiemchaisri Chart , Patumsawad Suthum , Wangyao Komsilp
Published: June 2022

Biodrying technology is commonly used in Thailand to produce refuse-derived fuel (RDF), however, this technology remains ineffective on high-moisture waste. Air supply is key to ensuring homogenous temperature development within the waste matrix during biodrying, increasing RDF quality. This study investigated negative aeration during local municipal solid waste biodrying to meet RDF standards in reduced time. Lysimeter experiments were performed on pre-shredded waste (300 kg/m3) using different aeration patterns. The temperature, vent gas oxygen level, weight loss, and leachate volume during the biodrying process were monitored. In addition, the treated waste’s temperature, moisture, and heating values were evaluated to determine the biodrying process efficiency. The results indicate that shorter heating phases can be achieved during continuous aeration. No significant temperature variation was observed in the waste layers, with a low standard deviation of 1.96% during constant air supply, indicating homogeneous temperature development during the biodrying process. The vent gas contained 15–20% oxygen and non-detectable methane, evidencing sufficient air supply. The total heat development was independent of aeration pattern; therefore, biodrying was unaffected by excess air supply at a 95% confidence level. The highest weight loss and moisture content reduction were 25% and 66%, respectively. The optimal aeration was continuous mode with non-excessive aeration, increasing the lower heating value from 2,884.0 to 4,938.0 kCal/kg, and reducing the moisture content from 48.5% to 22.2%. RDF quality can be improved 1.7 times to meet Thailand’s standards within a short biodrying period of 7 days using homogeneous temperature distribution operated under continuous aeration
URGENSI ASAS SUBSIDER PADA PENGATURAN ASAS UNIVERSAL DALAM RANCANGAN KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Putri Devita Kartika
Published: June 2022

Menurut asas subsider, yurisdiksi universal hanya dapat dilaksanakan sebagai upaya terakhir. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa asas tersebut perlu diatur dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana sebagai syarat untuk melaksanakan yurisdiksi universal berdasarkan Pasal 6 dan 7 agar dapat menjaga penghormatan terhadap kedaulatan negara lain dan menghindari resiko lainnya yang muncul dari pelaksanaan yurisdiksi universal. Artikel ini menyampaikan gagasan Penulis tentang bagaimana asas tersebut dapat dikonseptualisasikan dalam RKUHP. Kesimpulan Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep asas subsider bisa dibentuk dengan lima syarat yaitu, pemenuhan asas ‘universality plus’ dan ‘conditional universality’; adanya laporan dugaan kasus kejahatan internasional; Indonesia sebagai custodial state; dan asas ne bis in idem. Kelima syarat tersebut yang kemudian bisa menjadikan yurisdiksi universal sebagai upaya terakhir.
PENERAPAN PRINSIP PERSAMAAN DI DEPAN HUKUM DALAM PENANGANGAN PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DI PENGADILAN NEGERI SERANG
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Citrawan Ahmad Lanang , Jaya Belardo Prasetya Mega , Ahdad Amirulloh , Hernata Ignatius Gita , Muyassaroh Muyassaroh
Published: June 2022

Prinsip persamaan di depan hukum (equality before the law), merupakan hal yang wajib dijalankan sehingga dengan adanya prinsip tersebut keadilan pun dapat dirasakan oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, yang secara operasional dilakukan dengan pendekatan partisipatif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan Prinsip persamaan di depan hukum baru sebatas pemeriksaan setiap perkara, namun tidak dibarengi dengan putusan yang mencerminkan kedudukan yang sama didepan hukum, sehingga putusan itu jauh dari keadilan yang dapat dirasakan oleh masyarakat. Salah satu bentuk putusan yang mencerminkan adanya disparitas karena terkesan adanya perbedaan di depan hukum, misalnya terlihat pada Perkara Tipikor Alat Kesehatan Kedokteran Umum Pada Puskesmas Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang Selatan Tahun 2012 yang melibatkan unsur Aparatur Sipil Negara dan seorang pengusaha yang didakwa bersama-sama melakukan korupsi.
Evaluate the effect of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid on agronomic and antioxidant activities of Sunflower in water deficit conditions
Authors: Davodi Shilan , Mirshekari Bahram , Mahmoudi Touraj Mir , Farahvash Farhad , Seta Saman Yazdan
Published: June 2022

To evaluate the effect of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid foliar application on a number of agronomic and antioxidant activities of sunflower, an experiment was conducted at research farm of Mahabad city, locted in the south of West Azerbaijan Province, Iran during 2016-2018 cropping seasons. The experiment was laid out as a split-plot design based on a completely randomized block design with three replications. Irrigation regimes (irrigation after 60 mm and irrigation after 120 mm evaporation from class A pan respectively) were established as main plots and the foliar applications of ascorbic acid (control, 50 and 100 ppm) and salicylic acid (control, 100 and 200 ppm) were the sub-plots. In the present study, the highest amount of proline content and activity of antioxidant enzymes was recorded under water deficit conditions and foliar application of 100 ppm salicylic acid. Applying salicylic acid increased grain yield under both normal irrigation and water deficit conditions. Also, the highest proline content and activity of antioxidant enzymes were under the treatment of water deficit and application of 50 ppm ascorbic acid. The results showed no significant difference between the combined foliar application of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid in terms of grain yield and oil percentage with their separate application. Therefore, simultaneous use of these two substances under normal irrigation and water deficit conditions was not economical and not recommended.
What drives students’ successful reuse of online learning in higher education? A case of Google Classroom
Authors: Hussein Mahmood H. , Ow Siew Hock , Al-Azawei Ahmed , Ibrahim Ishaq
Published: June 2022

This study aims at proposing an integrated model based on the technology acceptance model, the information system success model, cognitive load theory, and personal characteristics to predict students' continued intention to reuse Google Classroom in the context of a developing country. To achieve this, we conducted quantitative research, empirically identifying the factors that could affect the continued intention of higher education students to reuse Google Classroom. Overall, 233 higher education students voluntarily participated in this research. Structural equation modelling was adopted as the method of analysis. The results showed that cognitive load significantly influenced perceived ease of use, whereas it had no impact on perceived usefulness or satisfaction. Furthermore, all personal characteristics significantly affected perceived ease of use. The outcomes likewise revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and satisfaction had a significant and positive effect on students’ continued intention to reuse Google Classroom. However, to enhance the generalisability of the findings, further research with a larger research sample is required. In addition, the predictability power of the proposed model could be improved by considering the role of other factors, such as engagement and learning effectiveness.
Implications for practice or policy:

To ensure successful reuse of learning management systems (LMSs), course leaders should pay attention to students' perceptions.
LMS developers should place greater emphasis on students’ individual differences, to maximise the effectiveness of LMS implementation.
Instructors should ensure that the learning material does not require a high cognitive load, as this could produce learning fatigue.
Educational institutions should consider students' satisfaction with particular learning technology, as this would affect students’ willingness to reuse it.
A Study of Northern English Vocabulary in Medieval Latin Texts: The Case of the Durham Account Rolls
Authors: Roig-Marín Amanda
Published: June 2022

This article draws on previous work on word geography in Northern Middle English and Early Modern English, which has made use of English monolingual sources, and, for the first time, applies it to the vocabulary present in multilingual texts whose matrix language is Medieval Latin, in this case, the Durham Account Rolls (DAR). Taking a database of c. 380 lexical items culled from the DAR as its basis, it proposes a taxonomy for the study of northern vernacular vocabulary on the grounds of different kinds of evidence: orthographic (words exhibiting northern orthography), textual (words recorded in northern manuscripts), semantic (words for northern concepts) and diachronic development (words established as northern in later forms of English). It highlights the role of dictionaries such as the OED, MED and DOST in constructing our understanding of what is meant by ‘northern’ and emphasises how often it might be essential to revise the lexicographical labels of these dictionaries. More importantly, it underscores the potential of multilingual texts in enlarging the body of historical sources, traditionally in monolingual English, used for lexicographical and lexicological research.
Risk Factors for Acute Perforated Duodenal Ulcers in Erbil Governorate-Kurdistan, Iraq
Authors: Zangana Abdulqadir , Garota Sherwan
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Acute perforations of duodenal ulcers continue as one of the real emergencies of surgery which require immediate attention and prompt operation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the probable risk factors for perforation of duodenal ulcer, highlighting any prevalent one in the occurrence of perforation in Erbil governorate. Design: Retrospective study. The cases were selected on the basis of structured protocol. Setting: The study was performed on 124 patients with perforated duodenal ulcer attending the emergency departments of the three major hospitals in Erbil city (Erbil emergency hospital, Hawler teaching hospital and Hawler private hospital) Erbil governorate located in Iraqi Kurdistan over a period of 4 years. Methods: The study was performed on 124 patients with perforated duodenal ulcer over a four year period (Jun. 2000- Jun. 2004). A number of probable risk factors for perforation of the duodenal ulcer were studied. Asymptomatic patients who perforated were studied as a separate group. Results: one hundred twenty four patients with duodenal ulcer perforation were studied, 111 male and 13 female (male to female ratio 8.5:1) about 60% of patients were within their 4th and 5th decade of age. Patients residing in the rural areas had a lower incidence of perforation (39%) than that living in the urban areas (61%). seventy four patients (59.6%) were asymptomatic before they developed the perforation. Sixty six patients (53.2% of the total number) developed the perforation during Ramadan fasting months (four out of the total 48 months), sixty five percent of the cases were smokers. Stress and smoking played a significant rule in the occurrence of perforation in 83% of cases. Conclusion: Stress, smoking and fasting played a major rule as a risk factor in the occurrence of duodenal ulcer perforation. A high incidence of perforation occurs during the months of Ramadan fasting, especially those without or on irregular treatment. The incidence of asymptomatic patients who were fasting and under stress, who then perforated was high.
Atypical Presentation of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome in Kurdistan of Iraq
Authors: Al-saffar Zohair
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a clinical phenomenon resulting from compression of neurovascular structures at the superior aperture of the thorax which presents with varying symptoms The aim of this study was to analyze the different kinds of clinical presentation of thoracic outlet syndrome in Kurdistan region of Iraq and its management. Methods: In Erbil teaching hospital, 150 patients have been studied from February 2000-December 2006. These patients diagnosed as symptomatic thoracic outlet syndrome and have been managed conservatively and surgically. Results: In this study 97 (64.6%) patients were female, 53 (35.3%) patients were male. Their ages ranged from (17-40) years. There was pain, parasthesia in arm in 69 (46%). Shoulder pain, chest pain and pain in axillarys region with arm pain in 38 (25.3%) patients (diagnosed by cardiologist as they have cardiac problem and treated accordingly without benefit). Incidental findings in 27 (18%) patients with vague symptoms in upper limb, supraclavicular fullness in 2 (1.3%) patients, 12 (8%) patients diagnosed by psychiatrist as having psychological problem (misdiagnosed as obsessive or depressive cases because of there neck pain and headache) and one patient has wasting of hand muscles. Surgery done for 25 (20.5%) patients (supra clavicular approach). Conclusion: Careful patients history and proper physical and clinical evaluation including nerve conduction study, conventional radiography of cervical spine can decide proper management for symptomatic cases conservatively or surgically.
The Effect of Placing 0.5% Bupivacaine-Soaked Gelfoam in the Gallbladder Bed on Pain after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Saeed Saeed , Al-Dabbagh Ali
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) experiences post operative abdominal pain. This study aimed to determine the character of pain after LC and its relief with 0.5% bupivacaine-soaked gelfoam placed in the gallbladder bed. Methods: A prospective randomized, double blinded placebo-controlled study was conducted on 200 patients with chronic cholecystitis, patients were divided into four groups of 50 patients :group A (2 mg/kg 0.5% bupivacaine-soaked gelfoam kept in gallbladder bed), group B (2 mg/kg 0.5% bupivacaine infiltrated at trocar sites), group C ( 1/2 of the required dose of 2 mg/kg 0.5% bupivacaine infiltrated into the gallbladder bed and at trocar sites, and group D (normal saline in the gallbladder bed and at trocar sites). Postoperatively, the character of pain was noted, and its relief was assessed with verbal rating scale (VRS) scoring. Results: 77.50% of the patients had visceral, 60.50% had parietal, and 23.50% had shoulder pain postoperatively. The visceral pain was significantly less in group A patients than in the control patients (p < 0.01),the mean VRS score at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h in the group A patients also was less than in control group D. Trocar-site infiltration alone was not effective in relieving the parietal pain. Conclusion: Visceral pain is prominent after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and can be effectively controlled by 0.5% bupivacaine-soaked gelfoam in the gallbladder bed alone.