bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critique of War Reason. A Perspective on Self-referential Systems, 11th-21st Centuries
Authors: Harste Gorm
Published: June 2020

This paper is a summary of my 700-page very academic thesis, in Danish, to be published by Aarhus University Press (AUP). A shorter booklet based on it was published by AUP too (November 2014, 250 pages) and so were a number of shorter articles in English, French and German. In Luhmann’s systems theory and in sociology at large there is a missing link consisting in the lack of a sociology of war. A number of German systems theoreticians use Luhmann’s theory to fill that gap. Yet Luhmann (born 1927), who was a soldier and a prisoner of war from age 15-17, would not write a “Der Krieg der Gesellschaft”. The attempt to narrow this lacuna is indeed a heavy burden and a difficult task, in which it is decisive firstly to get the basic distinctions right about a second order observation of war as a conflict system – to be distinct from a military organisational system. This, I do by beginning with a reconceptualization of Carl von Clausewitz’ form analysis and self-description of war from Vom Kriege (1832). The central point is to observe the self-reference of war, or how war became war about war. Conflict is basically a problem of essentially contested communication. Once this historical self-reference established around the 17th century was in place, war became delimited by its structural couplings to religion, mass media (propaganda), finance, welfare for victims and veterans, law, politics and other functional systems. The costs of war increased, reconstituted and transformed modern society in a way that has formed a range of risks and – of course – neglected blind spots.
Can Macroeconomics and Ideology Be Separated? Some Experiences from Europe and the Nordic Countries
Authors: Jespersen Jesper
Published: June 2020

Mainstream economists claim that economics is an objective and empirically tested science – contrary to the humanities and soft social sciences. According to this view, economics is beyond the influence of ideology. It represents the rational way of analysing economic welfare – not influenced by political consideration. Therefore, it is explicitly stated within the Treaty of Lisbon that the board of directors of the European Central Bank must not take any direct instructions from the European Council to secure objectivity in the European monetary policy. Unfortunately, economic theory is not neutral. It cannot be separated from the vision and the fundamental assumptions which lay behind the economic model employed when policies are decided upon. The so-called general equilibrium model is firmly relying on market theory and ordo-/neoliberal ideology.
Do Digital Systems and Concepts in Modern Public Service Production Have a Negative Impact on Citizens as End-users?
Authors: Pedersen John Storm , Rendtorff Jacob Dahl
Published: June 2020

Do digital systems and concepts in modern public service production have a negative impact on citizens as end-users? To answer this research question, we shall first present our theoretical framework ‘the institutional logics perspective’ and show how we deploy this on modern public service production. Second, we claim that digital systems and concepts develop a new institutional logic within modern public service production: the ‘digital logic’. Third, we analyze and discuss the new logic´s possible impact on citizens as end-users. Fourth, we discuss the ethical dimensions of values and ethics in relation to public service production and digitizing.
Superhydrophobic Light Alloy Materials with Corrosion-Resistant Surfaces
Authors: XUN Xiaowei , ZHU Rili , DONG Jiaojiao , PAN Ting , ZHONG Meiling , ZHANG Richao , ZANG Dongmian
Published: June 2020

Metals and their alloys are irreplaceable engineered materials showing great importance in our society. Light alloy materials (i.e., Mg, Al, Ti, and their alloys) have tremendous application potential in the aerospace, automotive industries, and biomedical fields for they are lighter and have excellent mechanical properties. The corrosion of light alloys is ubiquitous and greatly restricts their utilization. Inspired by the natural anti-water systems, many new designs and conceptions have recently emerged to create artificial superhydrophobic surfaces with great potential for corrosion resistant of light alloy. This review firstly introduces the concept of superhydrophobicity and strategies of producing superhydrophobic surfaces to inhibit the corrosion of light alloys. In addition, we elaborate the durability of superhydrophobic light alloy materials for commercial and industrial applications, and present their anticorrosion mechanism in the corrosive media.
Comparative Analysis of Rheological Properties and Modification Mechanism of SBS-Graphene Composite Modified Binder
Authors: YU Jiangmiao , YANG Nikun , YU Huayang , Shekhovtsova Svetlana , Korolev Evgenii
Published: June 2020

SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer) has been widely used in pavement industry as an asphalt modifier. Nanomaterials can further enhance the performance of SBS modified asphalt. However, rare studies investigate the feasibility of using graphene as a performance enhancer of SBS modified asphalt. To fill this gap, comprehensive experimental tests including chemical and mechanical test were carried out on SBS-graphene modified asphalt and SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer, which is a hydrogenated polymer of SBS) modified asphalt. Graphene with different dimensions and contents was taken into consideration in this study. Based on the experimental work, it can be concluded that graphene improves the mid-temperature performance of SBS modified asphalt. Compared with two-dimensional graphene, three-dimensional graphene has a greater advantage and the enhancement effect increases with the increase of its dosage. In addition, the cross-linked structure of SBS-graphene composite improves the distribution of SBS in asphalt, which improves the overall performance of SBS modified asphalt.
Combustion Characteristics in Growth Chamber for Verneuilgrown Rutile Crystal
Authors: LIU Xudong , WANG Lei , YAN Huiyun , BI Xiaoguo , SUN Xudong
Published: June 2020

Combustion characteristics of three-tube burner in growth chamber for preparation of single crystal by the Verneuil method were investigated, and the effects of nozzle structure and flow rate on the surface temperature of molten cap were analyzed. The results showed that hydrogen flowed out from the nozzle diffused with inner and outer oxygen, and two flame produced in the center and near the wall of growth chamber. The surface temperature of molten cap were gradually reduced from the center outward. The temperature of molten cap decreased gradually with increasing the nozzle aperture of inner oxygen, and varied slightly with the diameter of hydrogen and outer oxygen nozzle. The temperature of molten cap decreased gradually with increasing the flow rate of inner and outer oxygen, while increased with the flow rate of hydrogen.
Outcome of decompressive operative procedure in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal canal stenosis: experience of managing consecutive 25 cases
Authors: Saha Apel Chandra , Masud Md Hasan , Haque Md Abdul , Sarker Mohammad Zulfiqur Haider
Published: June 2020

Background: Lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) is a common medical disorder due to degenerative changesin the middle age and older individual. In this condition, narrowing of lumbar spinal canal and nerve rootcanal leads to painful, debilitating compression of spinal nerves and blood vessels. Decompressive surgery inlumbar spinal canal stenosis is one of modern methods of treatment.The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcome of decompressive operative management in degenerativelumbar spinal canal stenosis.

Methods: Thiswas a prospective interventional study carried out at National Institute of Traumatology andOrthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR) and City Hospital, Lalmatia, Dhaka from October 2012 to December2014.Total number of patients were 25 who underwent decompressive surgical procedures. Each of patientswas evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, disability by using Oswestry disability index (ODI)and ModifiedMacnab Criteria (MMC)for assessment of improvement.

Results: This was a prospective interventional study carried out at National Institute Of Traumatology and OrthopaedicRehabilitation (NITOR) and City hospital, Lalmatia, Dhaka from October 2012 to December 2014. Out of 25patients, 19 patients(76%)were male and 6 patients (24%) were female, age ranged from 38-65 years with the meanage 48.50 ± 8.65 years. Sixteen (64%) patients were manual worker and 9 patients (36%) were sedentary worker.Sixteen (64%) patients had multilevel stenosis and 9 patients (36%) had single level stenosis. The mean follow upduration was 1.5 years (range: 1-3 years). Mean estimated blood loss was 150ml (range : 100-200ml), meansurgery time was 130mutes (range: 80-180min) and average hospital stay was 7 days (range: 4-10 days). Only 1patient (4%) had discitis, 1 patient (4%) had superficial wound infection and 1 patient (4%) had dural tear. AsMMC, 21 (84%) patients was poor before operation and after operation at 12 months follow up 8 patients (32%)had excellent, 12 patients (48%) had good, 4 patients (16%) had fair and 1 patient (4%) had poor functionaloutcome. Mean (SD) ODI were 75.40 (± 5.01) before operation and reduced to 8.36 (± 13.54) after operation at 3rd(12 month) follow up. Mean (SD) VAS was 7.12 (± 0.86) before operation and reduced to 1.46 (± 1.31) afteroperation at 3rd (12 month) follow up. Twenty (80%) patients had satisfactory functional outcome.

Conclusion: Decompressive operation is an effective, safe and acceptable method of treatment in degenerativelumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS).

Birdem Med J 2020; 10(2): 103-107
Comparison of mechanical complications of central venous catheter according to the insertion site in an intensive care unit of Bangladesh
Authors: Saha Debasish Kumar , Nazneen Suraiya , Ahsan ASM Areef , Saha Madhurima , Fatema Kaniz , Ahmed Fatema , Sultana Rozina
Published: June 2020

Background: Central venous catheter (CVC) insertion is very common in intensive care unit (ICU). CVC is usually inserted in subclavian, internal jugular and femoral veins. However, CVC insertion may lead to significant mechanical complications. Our aim was to detect the occurrence of CVC related mechanical complications according to different insertion site.

Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out during the period of May 2016 to July 2019 in Department of Critical Care Medicine, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, enrolling 349 adult patients requiring new CVC insertion in ICU.

Results: Among 349 study subjects, 167 CVC were inserted through subclavian vein, 88 through internal jugular and 94 through femoral vein. There was no significant difference among three groups (subclavian / internal jugular / femoral) in terms of age, gender distribution, presence of co-morbid illness.Total mechanical complicationsin study population was 43 (12.3 %) including pneumothorax (14, 4.0%), arterial puncture (10, 2.9%), hemorrhage (11, 3.2%), catheter tip malposition (6, 1.7%), hemothorax (1, 0.3%) and lost guidewire (1, 0.3%). Pneumothorax was more with internal jugular (9.1%) than subclavian (3.6 %) route, which was statistically significant (p=0.007). Although hemorrhage and arterial puncture events were higher with femoral site than subclavian or internal jugular, which were not significant. Catheter tip malposition occurred in 4 (2.4%) patients with subclavian insertion and 2 (2.3%) patients with internal jugular site, no such event in femoral site. Hemothorax and lost guidewire occurred in only 1 patient with subclavian and internal jugular site respectively. Site-wise total mechanical complications were higher in internal jugular (17.0%) followed bysubclavian (10.8%) site and femoral site (10.6%).

Conclusion: In this study, though not statistically significant, CVC related mechanical complications occurred more in subclavian site than in internal jugular or femoral insertion site.

Birdem Med J 2020; 10(2): 115-119
A follow-up study on fertility and menstrual pattern in infertile patients after laparoscopy in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahtab Naushaba Tarannum , Mahmud Nusrat , Chowdhury Tanzeem Sabina , Chowdhury TA , Begum Tanjima
Published: June 2020

Background: Routine use of diagnostic laparoscopy for the evaluation of all cases of female infertility is under debate. Until now, laparoscopy has been widely used as a diagnostic and therapeutic means of treating infertility. This study investigates the fertility outcome for women 2 to 3 years after laparoscopic management. It assessed the benefit and effectiveness of both diagnostic and laparoscopic ovarian drilling regarding reproductive outcome and menstrual regularity.

Methods: From May 2013 to November 2014, a total of 303 infertile women undergoing laparoscopy at BIRDEM Hospital, were asked to participate in the study. Sixty subjects were lost to follow up making the study sample size 243.

Results: Mean age at the time of laparoscopy was 29.86 ± 4.6 (range 21 - 43) years, 61.7% of women (150 cases) were nulliparous, 38.3% (93 cases) had one child, abortion or ectopic pregnancy. From the time of index surgery to follow-up, 40.3% (98) of women who had tried to conceive had home pregnancy test positive and 25.5% (62) had a live birth following their surgery. Among these 62 subjects, 33 underwent Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling (LOD) and other 29 had diagnostic laparoscopy along with or without other laparoscopic manipulations. A Chi-square test has revealed that there was significant increase in regularization of menstrual cycle among irregularly menstruating women after laparoscopy indicating regular ovulatory cycles.

Conclusion: Laparoscopic procedures can lead to positive results while treating infertility as well as menstrual disturbances, thus establishing a defined position in current fertility practice.

Birdem Med J 2020; 10(2): 125-129
Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: a case report
Authors: Ahmed Syed Mohaimeen , Azad Md Rihan , Khan Mohammad Sakhawat Hossen , Rahman Tanbin , Islam Md Rashedul
Published: June 2020

Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis is a multifocal inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that is associated with remote neoplasm. The most common malignancy associated with it is bronchial carcinoma, typically small cell carcinoma of the lung but it has also been reported to happen with squamous cell lung carcinoma. Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis should be considered as differential diagnosis in any patient with known malignancy who presents with altered behavior, involuntary movement of body or dementia. Here, we present a case of a 62-year-old male who presented as paraneoplastic encephalitis with squamous cell lung carcinoma.

Birdem Med J 2020; 10(2): 133-136
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis as presenting feature of systemic lupus erythematosus in a Bangladeshi male patient: a rare case report
Authors: Haque Samiha , Jahan Ishrat , Chowdhury Tufayel Ahmed , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Ananna Mehruba Alam , Iqbal Sarwar
Published: June 2020

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is one of the most dramatic and tragic presentations of lupus nephritis (LN) or renal manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A 35-year-old Bangladeshi gentleman presented with worsening oedema, scanty, high colored, frothy urine and deteriorating renal function. He had puffy face, anaemia, oedema, normal jugular venous pressure (JVP), high blood pressure (150/90 mm Hg), ascites and bilateral pleural effusions. Diagnostic work-up confirmed SLE with class IV LN. His initial response to specific therapy showed improvement

Birdem Med J 2020; 10(2): 137-138
El Centro Histórico de Cuenca: conservación y turismo frente a las dinámicas populares
Authors: Cabrera Natasha
Published: June 2020

Existe una noción de lo patrimonial ampliamente ligada a lo material, monumental y arquitectónico. Lo que ha focalizado las políticas de conservación en la preservación de sus componentes físicos desde una lógica de lo estático, que ha afectado el dinamismo urbano presente en las prácticas cotidianas ligadas a lo popular y a la comunidad. La investigación que se propone busca aportar en el debate sobre los efectos que las políticas de conservación en las áreas patrimoniales en ciudades latinoamericanas han ejercido sobre las prácticas populares y la comunidad, y su relación con la inserción del turismo. Con este fin se presentan los resultados de las primeras etapas de la investigación que toma a Cuenca como caso de estudio. Dichas etapas corresponden a la caracterización del área patrimonial cuencana y al análisis de los instrumentos de planificación relacionados. Los resultados señalan que estos instrumentos se centran en la conservación de las características físicas del patrimonio, la restauración de su arquitectura relevante y la regeneración del espacio público, que en ocasiones incluye la restricción de usos populares y de manifestaciones artísticas. El turismo aparece además como un agente promotor de la conservación y de una estética específica sujeta al marketing turístico internacional.
Análisis del sistema turístico de tres ciudades patrimoniales de América, Cuenca, Cusco y Puebla
Authors: Serrano Ana Lucía , Farfán Maria Elvira , Rodas-Pesantez Joselyne Estefania , Villafuerte-Pucha Elena
Published: June 2020

La Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, UNESCO, es una organización que a partir del año 1978 ha creado la lista de patrimonios de la humanidad, dentro de esta, se encuentran varios cascos históricos que destacan por sus únicas edificaciones, con estilos arquitectónicos y artísticos únicos; con base en esta lista es que se ha decidido realizar esta investigación que busca analizar el sistema turístico de tres de estas ciudades declaradas como Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad y que pertenecen al continente americano, estas son: la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador, Cusco-Perú y Puebla-México. Para este análisis se ha optado por realizar un benchmarking de las ciudades en estudio, en primera instancia como parte de los vacíos de la investigación se ha tomado en consideración el número de turistas que llegaron a las ciudades en el año 2016 siendo este el punto de partida para un estudio comparativo de los componentes de su sistema turístico (oferta, producto turístico, infraestructura, planta turística) conocer por que al ser ciudades con pares similares no se han desarrollado de la misma manera dentro del ámbito turístico.
Pelatihan Penulisan Karya Tulis bagi Guru SMA Hang Tuah 3 Mataram
Authors: Setianingsih Tri , Qomariyah Siti Syafi’atul , Ariani Sri , Suhaili Muhamad
Published: June 2020

This community service activity was held in SMA Hang Tuah 3 Mataram, NTB Province.  This school is located approximately 6 km from the location of the team. Located in the center of Mataram city. The purpose of this activity is to make the teachers in SMA Hang Tuah 3 Mataram know the ways of writing and the forms of a paper and ultimately be able to automatically express their ideas, ideas and experiences during the teaching and learning process into a scientific writing eligible to be published in an ISSN journal. The training activities were held because to the collaboration of both parties namely SMA Hang Tuah 3 Mataram and the dedication team from IKIP Mataram.
TINJAUAN LITERATUR: ALAT UKUR NYERI UNTUK PASIEN DEWASA LITERATURE REVIEW: PAIN ASSESSMENT TOOL TO ADULTS PATIENTS
Authors: Vitani Raimonda Amayu Ida
Published: June 2020

Nyeri merupakan pengalaman sensorik dan emosional yang tidak menyenangkan yang berhubungan dengan kerusakan jaringan (aktual atau potensial).Model pengkajian nyeri dapat menggunakan indikator subjektif dan objektif. Banyak alat ukur pengkajian nyeri telah dikembangkan dan digunakan.

Tujuan dari dilakukannya review adalah mengumpulkan semua hasil penelitian terbaik sebagai evidence yang berhubungan dengan alat ukur nyeri yang dapat digunakan untuk mengkaji nyeri pasien dewasa.

Metode pencarian melalui database elektronik yang digunakan dalam pencarian adalah Ebsco melalui MEDLINE with full text, Proquest melalui Proquest Nursing and Allied Health Source dan Arts and Humanities Full Text, dan Googlesearch. Kriteria inklusi pencarian dalam pembuatan analytic review ini yaitu artikel dalam bahasa Inggris, full text, dipublikasikan mulai tahun 2000 dan menggunakan perbandingan alat ukur nyeri. Sejumlah 5 artikel jurnal digunakan dalam pembahasan studi ini. Alat ukur nyeri yang dapat dipakai antara lain NRS, VAS, VRS.

Hasil :perbandingannya menunjukkan bahwa VAS adalah alat pengkajian nyeri yang lebih baik dibandingkan NRS dan VRS karena memiliki senistifitas yang baik, reliabilitas yang baik, memiliki sifat-sifat skala rasio, sederhana dan mudah digunakan walaupun akan sulit digunakan jika pasien tidak sadar.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PELAKSANAAN 1 PADA KLIEN SKIZOFRENIA PARANOID DENGAN GANGGUAN PERSEPSI SENSORI HALUSINASI PENDENGARAN
Authors: Meliana Tiya , Sugiyanto Emilia Puspitasari
Published: June 2020

Skizofrenia adalah gangguan emosi, pikiran dan perilaku. Halusinasi adalah salah satu gejala gangguan jiwa di mana klien mengalami perubahan sensori, merasakan sensasi palsu berupa suara, klien merasakan stimulus yang sebenarnya tidak ada. strategi pelaksanaan 1 membantu klien mengenal halusinasi, menjelaskan cara mengontrol halusinasi, mengajarkan klien mengontrol halusinasi dengan cara menghardik. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode deskriptif yang berusaha menggambarkan objek atau subjek yang diteliti sesuai dengan apa adanya dengan tujuan menggambarkan secara sistematis fakta dan karakteristik objek secara tepat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSJ Prof.Dr Soerojo Magelang di Wisma Antasena, Hasil studi kasus menunjukan klien 1 ada penurunan tanda dan gejala sebanyak 70% masalah teratasi atau sebanyak 7 tanda dan gejala dan peningkatan kempuan mengontrol halusinasi sebanyak 7 dari 7 kemampuan atau 100%, pada klien 2 ada penurunan tanda dan gejala sebanyak 70% masalah teratasi atau sebanyak 7 tanda dan gejala, peningkatan kemampuan mengontrol halusinasi sebanyak 7 dari 7 kemampuan atau 100%. Disimpulkan bahwa strategi pelaksanaan 1 halusinasi dapat menurunkan tanda dan gejala halusinasi.
PENERAPAN RELAKSASI DZIKIR TERHADAP STRESS PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL DI RUANG HEMODIALISA
Authors: Widyastuti Retno , W Maulidta Karunianingtyas
Published: June 2020

Salah satu permasalahan psikologis yang paling sering ditemukan pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa adalah stress. Stress yang tidak teratasi dapat mengakibatkan dampak negatif untuk pasien. Salah satu intervensi yang dapat mengurangi stress yaitu dengan teknik relaksasi. Tehnik relaksasi yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah relaksasi dzikir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyusun resume asuhan keperawatan meliputi (pengkajian, diagnosis, perencanaan keperawatan, implementasi dan evaluasi) dalam pemberian terapi relaksasi dzikir terhadap stress pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dengan jumlah sampel adalah 2 responden. Penelitian ini mengukur skore stress dengan menggunakan instrument lembar observasi DASS 42 aspek penilaian dengan 14 pertanyaan tingkat stress. Pengukuran tingkat stress pada pasien 1 sebelum dilakukan relaksasi dzikir adalah 23 setelah dilakukan relaksasi dzikir adalah 15 sedangkan pada pasien 2 sebelum dilakukan relaksasi dzikir adalah 25 setelah dilakukan relaksasi dzikir adalah 17. Terdapat pengaruh pemberian relaksasi dzikir terhadap stress pada kedua responden yang awalnya mengalami stres sedang menjadi stres ringan. Relaksasi dzikir berdampak positif dalam menurunkan tingkat stress pada asiengagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa. Pengaruh terapi tersebut dapat mempengaruhi penurunan tingkat stress pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa.
PERGERAKAN SENDI EKSTREMITAS BAWAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERFUSI JARINGAN PERIFER PASIEN DM TIPE 2
Authors: Azizah Nurul , Supriyanti Endang
Published: June 2020

Diabetes Melitus merupakan  penyakit  dengan tingginya kadar glukosa didalam darah, dimana terjadi gangguan pada pembuluh arteri perifer yang disebabkan oleh peningkatan aliran shunting darah, yang berdampak terhadap peningkatan tekanan vena pada kaki dan membentuk edema yang mempengaruhi difusi oksigen dan nutrisi. sehingga, diperlukan pergerakan sendi ekstemitas bawah untuk meningkatkan pompa otot betis dan memfasilitasi difusi oksigen dan nutrisi pada jaringan perifer. Tujuan studi kasus ini menyusun resume asuhan keperawatan (pengkajian, diagnosa  keperawatan hiperglikemia, perencanaan, implementasi, evaluasi) penerapan pergerakan sendi ekstremitas bawah terhadap peningkatan perfusi jaringan perifer pada pasien DM tipe 2. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 2 responden dengan memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu : menderita penyakit DM  lebih dari 3 tahun,  nilai ABI dibawah 0,9, tidak pernah mendapatkan intervensi yang sama dari peneliti lain, Kooperatif. Implementasi yang diberikan pasien I dan II  yaitu pergerakan sendi ekstremitas bawah dengan frekuensi 2 kali sehari masing-masing gerakan dilakukan 10 kali. Hasil studi kasus menunjukkan peningkatan nilai ABI pada pasien I dari 0,84 mmHg menjadi 0,9 mmHg, pada pasien 2 dari 0,83 mmHg menjadi 1,1 mmHg. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pergerkan sendi ekstremitas bawah dapat meningkatkan perfusi jaringan perifer pada pasien DM. Sehingga pasien dianjurkan untuk melakukan gerakan sendi untuk melancarkan sirkulasi darah perifer.
PENERAPAN KOMPRES HANGAT UNTUK MENURUNKAN HIPERTERMIA PADA ANAK DENGAN DEMAM TYPOID
Authors: Nofitasari Firda , Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih
Published: June 2020

Hipertermia merupakan suhu inti tubuh diatas kisaran normal di urnal karena kegagalan termoregulasi. Hipertermia atau suhu tubuh yang tinggi dapat diturunkan dengan berbagai cara. Kompres air hangat metode untuk menurunkan suhu tubuh. kompres air hangat adalah kompres pada area yang memiliki pembuluh darah besar menggunakan air hangat. Tujuan studi kasus ini penerapan terapi kompres hangat untuk menurunkan hipertermia pada anak demam typoid. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan studi kasus. Subjek dari studi kasus ini adalah dua pasien dengan kriteria inklusi mengalami hipertermia, pasien yang bersedia menjadi responden dan bersedia menandatanhani informed consent. Studi kasus ini adalah anak dengan demam typoid mengalami hipertermia. Hasil studi kasus pasien I dan pasien II terjadi penurunan suhu tubuh. jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi kompres hanngat dapat menurunkan suhu tubuh pada anak demam typoid yang mengalami hipertermia.
Stability study of nasal powder formulation containing nanosized lamotrigine
Authors: Gieszinger Péter , Katona Gábor , Szabó-Révész Piroska , Ambrus Rita
Published: June 2020

Drug administration through the nose offers great possibilities which have been discovered in the past few decades. Besides the most known local effect, systemic and central nervous system effect is also available, the administration is non-painful and the degradation effect of the gastrointestinal tract can be avoided. Amongst the nasal formulations, powders have become more popular as their stability is favorable compared to the liquid formulations and a higher dose can be administered in powder form. The quality insurance and stability of the products in the pharmaceutical field have gained considerable attention in the last decades. Due to this fact, the aim was to execute a long-term stability study of a previously developed, nanosized lamotrigine (LAM) containing nasal powder (NP) formulation. The results of the stability test showed that the NP formulation preserved its key properties (particle size, morphology, structure and in vitro drug release) after 6 months of storage.
Helicobacter pylori Biofilm Confers Antibiotic Tolerance in Part via A Protein-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Hathroubi Skander , Zerebinski Julia , Clarke Aaron , Ottemann Karen M.
Published: June 2020

Helicobacter pylori, a WHO class I carcinogen, is one of the most successful human pathogens colonizing the stomach of over 4.4 billion of the world’s population. Antibiotic therapy represents the best solution but poor response rates have hampered the elimination of H. pylori. A growing body of evidence suggests that H. pylori forms biofilms, but the role of this growth mode in infection remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that H. pylori cells within a biofilm are tolerant to multiple antibiotics in a manner that depends partially on extracellular proteins. Biofilm-forming cells were tolerant to multiple antibiotics that target distinct pathways, including amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and tetracycline. Furthermore, this tolerance was significantly dampened following proteinase K treatment. These data suggest that H. pylori adapts its phenotype during biofilm growth resulting in decreased antibiotic susceptibility but this tolerance can be partially ameliorated by extracellular protease treatment.
Video Description Model Based on Temporal-Spatial and Channel Multi-Attention Mechanisms
Authors: Xu Jie , Wei Haoliang , Li Linke , Fu Qiuru , Guo Jinhong
Published: June 2020

Video description plays an important role in the field of intelligent imaging technology. Attention perception mechanisms are extensively applied in video description models based on deep learning. Most existing models use a temporal-spatial attention mechanism to enhance the accuracy of models. Temporal attention mechanisms can obtain the global features of a video, whereas spatial attention mechanisms obtain local features. Nevertheless, because each channel of the convolutional neural network (CNN) feature maps has certain spatial semantic information, it is insufficient to merely divide the CNN features into regions and then apply a spatial attention mechanism. In this paper, we propose a temporal-spatial and channel attention mechanism that enables the model to take advantage of various video features and ensures the consistency of visual features between sentence descriptions to enhance the effect of the model. Meanwhile, in order to prove the effectiveness of the attention mechanism, this paper proposes a video visualization model based on the video description. Experimental results show that, our model has achieved good performance on the Microsoft Video Description (MSVD) dataset and a certain improvement on the Microsoft Research-Video to Text (MSR-VTT) dataset.
Quantitative Analysis of Drag Reduction Methods for Blunt Shaped Automobiles
Authors: Szodrai Ferenc
Published: June 2020

In fluid mechanics, drag related problems aim to reduce fuel consumption. This paper is intended to provide guidance for drag reduction applications on cars. The review covers papers from the beginning of 2000 to April 2020 related to drag reduction research for ground vehicles. Research papers were collected from the library of Science Direct, Web of Science, and Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). Achieved drag reductions of each research paper was collected and evaluated. The assessed research papers attained their results by wind tunnel measurements or calculating validated numerical models. The study mainly focuses on hatchback and notchback shaped ground vehicle drag reduction methods, such as active and passive systems. Quantitative analysis was made for the drag reduction methods where relative and absolute drag changes were used for evaluations.
Sliding Mode Control of Laterally Interconnected Air Suspensions
Authors: Guowei Dou , Wenhao Yu , Zhongxing Li , Khajepour Amir , Senqi Tan
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a control method based the lateral interconnected air suspension system, in order to improve the road handling of vehicles. A seven-DOF (Degree of freedom) full-vehicle model has been developed, which considers the features of the interconnected air suspension system, for example, the modeling of the interconnected pipelines and valves by considering the throttling and hysteresis effects. On the basis of the well-developed model, a sliding mode controller has been designed, with a focus on constraining and minimizing the roll motion of the sprung mass caused by the road excitations or lateral acceleration of the vehicle. Moreover, reasonable road excitations have been generated for the simulation based on the coherence of right and left parts of the road. Afterwards, different simulations have been done by applying both bumpy and random road excitations with different levels of roughness and varying vehicle lateral accelerations. The simulation results indicate that the interconnected air suspension without control can improve the ride comfort, but worsen the road handling performance in many cases. However, by applying the proposed sliding mode controller, the road handling of the sprung mass can be improved by 20% to 85% compared with the interconnected or non-interconnected mode at a little cost of comfort.
Acetaldehyde in Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Bottled Water: Assessment and Mitigation of Health Risk for Consumers
Authors: Re Depaolini Andrea , Fattore Elena , Bianchi Giancarlo , Fanelli Roberto , Davoli Enrico
Published: June 2020

This study was designed to investigate the levels of acetaldehyde residues in polyethylene terephthalate bottled water and its significance in terms of consumer health. We analyzed 104 samples collected throughout Italy, so as to be representative of the national market. Parameters such as CO2 level, shelf life, weight of the empty bottle and distance from the production sites to the point of sale were also collected. Although the levels of acetaldehyde complied with the limits established by Italian legislation, they varied widely, with concentrations ranging from 0.41 to 76.2 µg/L. An assessment of safety for human health, using the margin of exposure approach, showed that the amount of acetaldehyde in bottled water is unlikely to be of any safety concern for human health. The acetaldehyde residues were mainly due to CO2 levels which influence solubility of acetaldehyde in water. They are also related to the size of the bottle and the distance from the store, but not to the shelf life, at least for 40 days. The findings suggest some good practices for a better product from the point of view of public health, like polymer quality and limitation of transport distances.
An Ordinary State-Based Peridynamic Model for Fatigue Cracking of Ferrite and Pearlite Wheel Material
Authors: Han Junzhao , Chen Wenhua
Published: June 2020

To deal with a new-developed ferrite and pearlite wheel material named D1, an alternative ordinary state-based peridynamic model for fatigue cracking is introduced due to cyclic loading. The proposed damage model communicates across the microcrack initiation to the macrocrack growth and does not require additional criteria. Model parameters are verified from experimental data. Each bond in the deformed material configuration is built as a fatigue specimen subjected to variable amplitude loading. Fatigue crack initiation and crack growth developed naturally over many loading cycles, which is controlled by the parameter “node damage” within a region of finite radius. Critical damage factors are also imposed to improve efficiency and stability for the fatigue model. Based on the improved adaptive dynamic relaxation method, the static solution is obtained in every loading cycle. Convergence analysis is presented in smooth fatigue specimens at different loading levels. Experimental results show that the proposed peridynamic fatigue model captures the crack sensitive location well without extra criteria and the fatigue life obtained from the simulation has a good correlation with the experimental results.
Vibration Diagnosis of Sand Units in a Stone Crusher Plant: An On-Site Field Test
Authors: Kim Seong-Hwan , Kim Bo-Gyu , Jung Dong-Soo , Choi Seung-Bok , Lee Jong-Mu , Lee Kyu-Bong
Published: June 2020

Due to the shortage of natural sand from rivers and seas, artificial sand production from large stones or rocks is being increased. However, this sand manufacturing process is dangerous and causes several social problems such as a high level of unwanted vibrations or noises. This study investigates the vibration characteristics of sand and screen units in an artificial sand production plant whose operation is multiple with several actuators different exciting frequencies. As a first step, vibration levels are measured at the sand and screen unit positions using accelerometers in time and frequency domains. The measurement is carried out at two different conditions: activating only the sand unit and operating entire facilities such as a stone crusher. Vibration signals acquired from several locations of the sand and screen units of the plant are collected and analyzed from waveforms and spectrums of the signals. We identified that the vibration acceleration level of the screen unit is higher than that of the sand unit. In addition, it is found from the acceleration signals measured at the plant office and shipping control center (which are far away from the plant location) that the beating phenomenon arose due to close driving frequencies for several sand units. In this work, the vibration caused from the beating is significantly reduced by adjusting the driving frequencies for the sand units so that they are sufficiently scattered to avoid the beating.
Eco-Design of Energy Production Systems: The Problem of Renewable Energy Capacity Recycling
Authors: Ratner Svetlana , Gomonov Konstantin , Revinova Svetlana , Lazanyuk Inna
Published: June 2020

Due to the rapid development of recycling technologies in recent years, more data have appeared in the literature on the environmental impact of the final stages of the life cycle of wind and solar energy. The use of these data in the eco-design of modern power generation systems can help eliminate the mistakes and shortcomings when planning wind and solar power plants and make them more eco-efficient. The aim of this study is to extend current knowledge of the environmental impacts of most common renewables throughout the entire life cycle. It examines recent literature data on life cycle assessments of various technologies for recycling of wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) panels and develops the recommendations for the eco-design of energy systems based on solar and wind power. The study draws several general conclusions. (i) The contribution of further improvements in PV’s recycling technologies to environmental impacts throughout the entire life cycle is insignificant. Therefore, it is more beneficial to focus further efforts on economic parameters, in particular, on achieving the economic feasibility of recycling small volumes of PV-waste. (ii) For wind power, the issue of transporting bulky components of wind turbines to and from the installation location is critical for improving the eco-design of the entire life cycle.
Thermal Mapping of Power Semiconductors in H-Bridge Circuit
Authors: Zhou Dao , Peng Yingzhou , Iannuzzo Francesco , Hartmann Michael , Blaabjerg Frede
Published: June 2020

In this paper, a universal H-bridge circuit is used as a loading emulator to investigate the loss and thermal models of the power semiconductor. Based on its operation principle and modulation method, the dominating factors’ (e.g., power factor, loading current, fundamental frequency, and switching frequency) impact on the thermal stress of power semiconductors is considerably evaluated. The junction temperature in terms of the mean value and its swing is verified by using Piecewise Linear Electrical Circuit Simulation (PLECS) simulation and experimental setup. It helps to allocate the loading condition in order to obtain the desired thermal stress.
Topological Sequence Recognition Mechanism of Dynamic Connected Cars Using the Connected Mobile Virtual Fence (CMVF) System for Connected Car Technology
Authors: Eom Young Hyun , Hwang Gyowoong , Lee Minsu , Choi Young Geun , Cho Sungkuk , Kim R. Young Chul , Jeon Byungkook
Published: June 2020

To prevent traffic accidents, even autonomous vehicles, as well as connected cars, need to know the driving situation of other vehicles in the vicinity. In particular, in emergency situations, messages’ transmission among vehicles can face many problems such as the broadcast storm, message flooding, or message contention. Therefore, this paper proposes a topological sequence recognition mechanism that calculates the driving direction of vehicles, the geographical location and relative position associated with the driving direction, and the relative safety distance for each vehicle in connected subgroups of connected cars using the Connected Mobile Virtual Fence (CMVF) system. Thus, the proposed mechanism can alleviate issues with message dissemination as a vehicle will know the driving situations of other nearby vehicles. In addition, the proposed mechanism is found to be very effective, particularly in preventing secondary accidents due to traffic accidents in front of the vehicle so that emergency messages can be disseminated to the trailing vehicles. Finally, it is expected that the proposed mechanism will be reflected in the technology of connected cars and autonomous vehicles.
Existence Results for Nonlocal Multi-Point and Multi-Term Fractional Order Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Ahmad Bashir , Alghamdi Najla , Alsaedi Ahmed , Ntouyas Sotiris K.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a new class of multi-point and integral boundary value problems of multi-term fractional differential equations by using standard fixed point theorems. We also demonstrate the application of the obtained results with the aid of examples.
A Novel Long Non-Coding RNA-01488 Suppressed Metastasis and Tumorigenesis by Inducing miRNAs That Reduce Vimentin Expression and Ubiquitination of Cyclin E
Authors: Lin Syuan-Ling , Lin Yang-Hsiang , Chi Hsiang-Cheng , Lin Tzu-Kang , Chen Wei-Jan , Yeh Chau-Ting , Lin Kwang-Huei
Published: June 2020

Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) play important roles in human cancer development, including cell differentiation, apoptosis, and tumor progression. However, their underlying mechanisms of action are largely unknown at present. In this study, we focused on a novel suppressor lincRNA that has the potential to inhibit progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our experiments disclosed long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1488 (LINC01488) as a key negative regulator of HCC. Clinically, patients with high LINC01488 expression displayed greater survival rates and better prognosis. In vitro and in vivo functional assays showed that LINC01488 overexpression leads to significant suppression of cell proliferation and metastasis in HCC. Furthermore, LINC01488 bound to cyclin E to induce its ubiquitination and reduced expression of vimentin mediated by both miR-124-3p/miR-138-5p. Our results collectively indicate that LINC01488 acts as a tumor suppressor that inhibits metastasis and tumorigenesis in HCC via the miR-124-3p/miR-138-5p/vimentin axis. Furthermore, LINC01488 interacts with and degrades cyclin E, which contributes to its anti-tumorigenic activity. In view of these findings, we propose that enhancement of LINC01488 expression could be effective as a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Phosphorylation of PLK3 Is Controlled by Protein Phosphatase 6
Authors: Aquino Perez Cecilia , Palek Matous , Stolarova Lenka , von Morgen Patrick , Macurek Libor
Published: June 2020

Polo-like kinases play essential roles in cell cycle control and mitosis. In contrast to other members of this kinase family, PLK3 has been reported to be activated upon cellular stress including DNA damage, hypoxia and osmotic stress. Here we knocked out PLK3 in human non-transformed RPE cells using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing. Surprisingly, we find that loss of PLK3 does not impair stabilization of HIF1α after hypoxia, phosphorylation of the c-Jun after osmotic stress and dynamics of DNA damage response after exposure to ionizing radiation. Similarly, RNAi-mediated depletion of PLK3 did not impair stress response in human transformed cell lines. Exposure of cells to various forms of stress also did not affect kinase activity of purified EGFP-PLK3. We conclude that PLK3 is largely dispensable for stress response in human cells. Using mass spectrometry, we identify protein phosphatase 6 as a new interacting partner of PLK3. Polo box domain of PLK3 mediates the interaction with the PP6 complex. Finally, we find that PLK3 is phosphorylated at Thr219 in the T-loop and that PP6 constantly dephosphorylates this residue. However, in contrast to PLK1, phosphorylation of Thr219 does not upregulate enzymatic activity of PLK3, suggesting that activation of both kinases is regulated by distinct mechanisms.
Overlap of Peak Growth Activity and Peak IGF-1 to IGFBP Ratio: Delayed Increase of IGFBPs Versus IGF-1 in Serum as a Mechanism to Speed up and down Postnatal Weight Gain in Mice
Authors: Walz Michael , Chau Luong , Walz Christina , Sawitzky Mandy , Ohde Daniela , Brenmoehl Julia , Tuchscherer Armin , Langhammer Martina , Metzger Friedrich , Höflich Christine , Hoeflich Andreas
Published: June 2020

Forced expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in transgenic mice has clearly revealed inhibitory effects on somatic growth. However, by this approach, it cannot be solved if or how IGFBPs rule insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-dependent growth under normal conditions. In order to address this question, we have used growth-selected mouse models (obese and lean) and studied IGF-1 and IGFBPs in serum with respect to longitudinal growth activity in males and females compared with unselected controls. In mice of both genders, body weights were recorded and daily weight gains were calculated. Between 2 and 54 weeks of age, serum IGF-1 was determined by ELISA and intact IGFBP-2, -3 and -4 were quantified by Western ligand blotting. The molar ratio of IGF-1 to the sum of IGFBP-2 to -4 was calculated for all groups and plotted against the daily weight gain curve. Growth-selected mice are characterized by higher daily weight gains and extended periods of elevated growth activity if compared to matched unselected controls. Therefore, adult mice from the obese and lean groups can achieve more than twofold increased body weight in both genders (p < 0.001). Between 2 and 11 weeks of age, in obese and lean mice of both genders, serum IGF-1 concentrations are increased more prominently if compared to unselected controls (p < 0.001). Instead, substantial decreases of IGFBPs, particularly of IGFBP-2, are observed in males and females of all groups at the age of 2 to 4 weeks (p < 0.001). Due to the strong increase of IGF-1 but not of IGFBPs between two and four weeks of age, the ratio of IGF-1 to IGFBP-2 to -4 in serum significantly increased in all groups and genders (p < 0.05). Notably, the IGF-1 to IGFBP ratio was higher in male and female obese mice if compared to unselected controls (p < 0.05).