bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДІАГНОСТИКА ДОХОДНОЇ ЧАСТИНИ ПЕНСІЙНОГО ФОНДУ УКРАЇНИ МЕТОДОМ МАТЕМАТИЧНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ
Authors: Васечко Людмила , Глушак Оксана , Семеняка Світлана , Рамський Андрій , Нестерова Олена
Published: May 2022

У статті аналізуються проблеми вітчизняної системи державного пенсійного страхування. Зокрема, на прикладі Пенсійного фонду України (ПФУ), методом математичного моделювання досліджується вплив певних макроекономічних, демографічних та фінансово-економічних чинників на формування доходної частини бюджету ПФУ. Встановлено, що в якості визначальних параметрів, змінам яких має приділятися особлива державна увага при прогнозуванні доходної частини Пенсійного фонду України, виступають такі ендогенні показники: динаміка середньомісячної заробітної плати та рівень інфляції (макроекономічні показники), розмір єдиного страхового внеску, що розподілений на загальнообов’язкове державне пенсійне страхування (фінансово-економічний показник), чисельність зайнятого населення (демографічний показник). Здійснено перевірку наявності мультиколінеарності між обраними факторними змінними за допомогою тесту Фаррара-Глобера. Доведено, що оскільки між факторними змінними немає високого ступня кореляції, то етап параметризації доцільно здійснити за допомогою методу найменших квадратів (МНК). На базі побудованої економетричної моделі множинної регресії було встановлено, що при збереженні середнього розміру заробітної плати темп росту доходної частини бюджету Пенсійного фонду України буде становити  0,41 з урахуванням синергетичної дії інших факторів, що розглядаються (темпу росту величини єдиного внеску, темпу зростання кількості зайнятого населення, рівня інфляції). При збереженні тарифів страхових внесків для роботодавців у фонди загальнообов’язкового державного соціального страхування України темп зростання доходної частини бюджету Пенсійного фонду України буде становити 0,73 з урахуванням синергетичної дії інших факторів, що розглядаються (темпу росту середньомісячної заробітної плати, темпу зростання кількості зайнятого населення, рівня інфляції). При збереженні кількості зайнятого населення темп росту доходної частина бюджету Пенсійного фонду України  становить 0,86 з урахуванням синергетичної дії інших факторів, що розглядаються (темпу росту середньомісячної заробітної плати, темпу росту величини єдиного внеску, рівня інфляції).
SYNERGY IN THE REGULATION OF STOCK, CREDIT, CURRENCY AND INSURANCE SEGMENTS OF THE FINANCIAL ARCHITECTURE OF NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Melnyk Viktor , Sidelnykova Larysa , Sosnovska Olga , Zhytar Maksym , Navolokina Alla
Published: May 2022

The article examines the financial architecture in the context of systemic and functional approaches that together constitute the synergetic approach. The functional approach is based on the concept of function for each component of the financial architecture towards the system in general, i.e., a major contribution made by each component in its development. It is proven that specific properties regarding the unity of general, universal nature and functional importance are implemented for each of the elements or corresponding subsystems of a particular system. The process approach allows analyzing systemic identification, management of existing processes and especially systems for managing the interaction of the given processes. The use of the approaches introduced in the article comprehensively and in close relationship with defined hypotheses allowed us to develop the concept of regulating the development of the financial architecture of national economy. Following the research results, we can conclude: one has developed and substantiated a complex of hypotheses, allowing making assumptions for each hypothesis, appropriate provisions for their proof and consequences of using hypotheses. Such an idea of hypotheses allows correctly defining the concept of conducted research and determining the key points of proving. One has stipulated a set of principles and grounded conceptual approaches, allowing identifying the particularities of implementing the principles using various approaches that represent a methodological basis for the development of the efficient concept of regulating the evolution of the financial architecture of national economy. It is substantiated that, in the context of the financial crisis and globalization of national economy, concepts should be practice-oriented because the financial market requires tougher regulation. One concludes that the developed concept of financial architecture regulation has a range of advantages: the concept is based on two hypotheses, the proof of which allows defining its practical basis consisting of the set of mechanisms for financial architecture regulation; it is based on relevant scientific and methodological approaches to research, namely the synergetic one allowing representing the self-organizing component of the financial architecture and its elements; the offered concept allows conducting the efficient regulation of financial architecture segments of national economy and their interaction in the context of financial globalization. Concept implementation tools include complex mechanisms: adaptation of the financial architecture and its components to environmental changes; internal regulation (of individual components of the financial architecture and its interaction areas).
SOCIALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY AS A COMPONENT OF THE ANTHROPOCENE AGE: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL DIMENSION
Authors: Kosovych Vitaliy , Kosovych Bohdana , Rym Olena
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of one of the defining trends in the world and domestic economy of the third millennium — socialization. Its inevitability is caused by the fact that one of the main challenges hindering the establishment of the ideals of humanism in today’s globalized and supercivilized society is the problem of growing social inequality. This issue is acute for the former post-Soviet states, including Ukraine.It is stated that the formation of socially-oriented economies should be grounded on both the ideological principles of humanism (for example, social piety and sacrifice of business) and the socialized economic component. It is fulfilled by the economic relations based on the consensus of interests of social groups with different levels of income and wealth and different in their functional purpose of social institutions. It is proposed to consider such relations as a socio-economic partnership.The key features of socio-economic partnership are highlighted. It is argued that in modern conditions it is not enough to consider the socialization of the economy only as the establishment of the ideals of social partnership (social dialogue) between employer and employee.It is pointed out that the experience of developed countries with a high level of public assessment of the state execution of its socio-economic functions allows to identify at least two other important areas of socialization of the domestic economy: public-private partnership and implementation of advantages of the socially-oriented economy model (Scandinavian socialism). A brief description of these areas is given.Attention is paid to a set of objective preconditions that determine the need for socially-oriented evolution of the modern economy. The range of subjects of socio-economic partnership in Ukraine is highlighted.The characteristic of the existing in Ukraine normative-legal basis for realization of the recommended directions of socialization of the domestic economy is given. Normative innovations to the legislation of Ukraine on social partnership and public-private partnership are offered, the main branches of legislation that need to be reformed in order to establish the ideals of the model of socially-oriented economy in domestic practice are named.
ПЛАНУВАННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СУБ’ЄКТА КРЕАТИВНИХ ІНДУСТРІЙ ДЛЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЙОГО КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ В УМОВАХ ТУРБУЛЕНТНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: Проскуріна Марія , Хлистун Олена , Григорчук Тарас , Крупа Оксана , Каримов Владислав
Published: May 2022

Сучасна форма глобалізації визначає нову площину, у якій культурні практики взаємодіють із інноваціями в глобальному масштабі, формуючи таким чином новий сектор економіки – креативні індустрії. Вони охоплюють економічну діяльність, пов’язану з отриманням, використанням, перетворенням, розповсюдженням та комерціалізацією інформації та знань, що мають значний економічний і соціальний вплив (наприклад, стимулювання сталого розвитку та створення інклюзивних робочих місць). Отже, креативні індустрії перетворюються на стабілізуючий елемент конкурентоспроможності країни. Метою роботи є визначення особливостей планування діяльності суб’єктів креативних індустрій в умовах турбулентності сучасного економічного середовища та виділення перспектив посилення їхньої конкурентоспроможності. Методологія цього дослідження вимагає дослідницьких практик, які узгоджуються з перетином креативної економіки, міжнародних відносин, макроаналізу та географії. Вона заснована на вивченні впливу креативного сектора на соціально-економічне середовище в Україні. Результати. Результати дослідження показують, що необхідна потужна підтримка креативних індустрій для посилення залучення їх у систему національного господарювання та процес цілеспрямованого створення доданої вартості. У зв’язку з цим існує гостра необхідність у критичному осмисленні творчої праці та вивченні її ролі в українському суспільстві, а також визначенні її організаційної структури. Підвищення обізнаності слід розпочати з вивчення, розробки та впровадження нових освітніх програм для професіоналізації нового сектору та стабілізації кар’єрних траєкторій. Для того щоб приймати обґрунтовані рішення, необхідно вивчити роль креативного класу в національній соціальній системі.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ: DIGITAL-МАРКЕТИНГ ЯК СУЧАСНИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ ПРОСУВАННЯ ТОВАРІВ ТА ПОСЛУГ У СОЦІАЛЬНИХ МЕРЕЖАХ
Authors: Гірна Ольга , Гайворонська Інна , Власенко Дмитро , Бродюк Ірина , Вербицька Анна
Published: May 2022

Сучасний стан економіки України змушує суб’єкти господарювання вживати заходів щодо зменшення впливу існуючих факторів мінливого зовнішнього середовища на діяльність підприємства шляхом перегляду запровадженої маркетингової стратегії. У статті визначено системні характеристики, властиві поняттю «digital-маркетинг». Перелічено ключові фактори, що впливають на показники ефективності діяльності компанії, що просуває товари (послуги) в соціальних мережах. На підставі результатів виконаного дослідження обґрунтовано доцільність застосування digital-маркетингу як інструменту просування товарів та послуг у соціальних мережах. Наведено та обґрунтовано необхідність керування правилами просування товарів (послуг) у соціальних мережах, обов’язковість урахування яких повинна лягти в основу формування підприємницької стратегії бізнесу, що розвивається в умовах цифрової економіки: омніканальність; визначення ключових показників ефективності (КРІ); гіперперсоналізація; доступність онлайн-торгівлі в соціальних мережах; цифрові технології digital-маркетингу повинні бути співставні із запитами та потребами цільової аудиторії; досвід споживача vs порада інфлюєнсера. Наведено перелік ключових показників ефективності (KPI), які варто відстежувати та використовувати маркетологам під час просування товарів (послуг) у соціальних мережах, запропоновано розглядати наступні показники. Залежно від виду бізнесу та цільової аудиторії, визначено набір моделей, які маркетологи використовують при побудові комунікативних стратегій. Побудовано механізм вироблення та реалізації стратегії інтегрованих цифрових маркетингових комунікацій, який на основі виділення системних характеристик та інструментів digital-маркетингу, дотримуючись окреслених правил просування товарів (послуг) у соціальних мережах, здатен реалізувати процедуру переведення управлінської стратегії в регулярний процес за допомогою побудови моделі узгодженої цифрової маркетингової стратегії та комунікативної стратегії, що в результаті відобразиться на ефективності реалізації інтересів стратегії інтегрованих цифрових маркетингових комунікацій.
Therapeutic support for a student with autism spectrum disorder in an integrated and inclusive school. Evidence-based practice intervention procedure
Authors: Bombińska-Domżał Anna
Published: May 2022

The article presents the possibilities of therapeutic support for students with ASD in integrative and inclusive education at the first stage of education. Traditional educational methods do not work for children with ASD, because they most often require special therapeutic interventions. The aim of the article is to analyse the therapeutic intervention undertaken for a highly functioning student with ASD to improve his/her functioning at school. The intervention programme was based on techniques of scientifically proven effectiveness (evidence-based practice), focused on learning skills by enhancing desired behaviours. The skills selected for the intervention were necessary to being able to participate in the teaching and learning process during typical teaching activities. After one year of intervention, most of the skills included in the programme were considered passed, and the model of teachers' work with the student changed, which increased the student's chances of further development of skills, desired behaviours, and prevention of difficult behaviours in the future.
Capabilities and limitations of preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder in terms of mastering numeracy skills
Authors: Zdziechowska-Dzierzgwa Karolina
Published: May 2022

The first part of the article briefly reviews studies on the mathematical abilities of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Inconsistencies in the image of the mathematical aptitudes of this group of children have been revealed. One of the studies found that children with ASD with an average IQ score show higher math skills compared to children with the same IQ without ASD. The other study shows that there were no significant differences in the early numeracy skills among preschoolers. The differences reappeared after a year, when the children were re-examined when they were already first graders. Children with ASD in all examined areas scored lower than typically developing children. However, despite the generally lower scores obtained by the children with autism compared to the control group, the scores of children with ASD were within the average range. Therefore, the main purpose of the presented research was to find out the level of the mathematical skills in preschoolers diagnosed with ASD. The research used diagnostic experiments created by Edyta Gruszczyk-Kolczyńska (Gruszczyk-Kolczyńska, Zielińska, 2013). 36 children aged 3 to 6 were examined, including 18 children with ASD and 18 children in the broadly understood intellectual norm.
It has been shown that out of 18 children diagnosed with ASD, every fourth preschooler shows the level of the numeracy and calculation skills well above their age (four examined children – one five-year-old and 3 six-year-olds). At the same time, in some of the examined children, significantly lower level of mathematical abilities was observed compared to children in the broadly understood intellectual norm (even 2–3 years of delay in the level of numeracy and calculation skills).
The results of the presented studies can help to adapt the learning process to the intellectual potential of the surveyed children and to plan corrective or supportive actions.
Genotoxic, biochemical and histological biomarkers of subacute concentrations of paraquat and glyphosate in Nile Tilapia
Authors: Aribisala Oluwatosin Aderinola , Sogbanmu Temitope Olawunmi , Kemabonta Kehinde Abike
Published: May 2022

The use of herbicides for increased food production may pose risk to non-target organisms. This study evaluated the acute toxicity, genotoxic, biochemical, and histological biomarkers of subacute concentrations of paraquat and glyphosate in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia) for 28 days following standard methods. Glyphosate (96 hLC50 value-1.23 mg/L) was 9x more toxic than paraquat (96 hLC50 value-11.20 mg/L) against O. niloticus. Average micronucleated cells were significantly higher in the erythrocytes of O. niloticus exposed to the higher (1.12 mg/L) concentration of paraquat at day 14, both subacute concentrations of paraquat at day 28, and lower concentration (0.01 mg/L) of glyphosate at days 14 and 28 compared to the other treatments and controls. Biochemical biomarkers (MDA and GST) activities were significantly higher at both subacute concentrations of the herbicides in the exposed fish compared to the controls at day 28 only. GSH activity was significantly higher in the 0.11 mg/L paraquat concentration while SOD activity was significantly lower at both subacute concentrations of glyphosate in exposed fish compared to controls at day 28. Histological alterations observed were mild to severe shortening of the gill primary lamellar and hepatic portal inflammation of exposed fish compared to the controls. This study demonstrates the risk to non-target organisms due to herbicides’ run-off from agricultural farmlands into aquatic ecosystems at environmentally relevant or subacute concentrations. Sensitization on the responsible use of pesticides is recommended to promote responsible consumption and production and sustain life below water (United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 12 and 14 respectively).
Prevalence of self-medication use, and the attitude and practices toward traditional eye medicines regarding eye symptoms
Authors: Almazrou Abdulrahman , Alfayez Lujain , Almutawa Mohammed , Alanazi Tariq , Alshahrani Abdulrhaman , Albinhamad Abdulaziz
Published: May 2022

Background: Self-medication is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the selection and use of medicines by individuals to treat self-recognized illnesses or symptoms [4]. Use of traditional eye medicines or ophthalmic medicines without the supervision of an ophthalmologist may have adverse effects on the patient’s visual outcome. It is well known that this attitude and practice carries pharmacological and toxicological risks, such as a delayed diagnosis or inappropriate treatment, causing side-effects, intoxication or harmful drug interactions, which can aggravate the individual’s condition and eventually negatively impact the patient’s visual prognosis [5]. Materials and methods: The study was a cross-sectional study. All data was collected using an online self-designed questionnaire that contained demographic data, such as the patient’s age, gender and level of education. There were also questions regarding the knowledge, attitude and practice of using over-the-counter (OTC) eye medication and TEM use among the Saudi population living in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Result: The study sample included 894 respondents. Results showed that in the past 12 months, only 6.82% of respondents used eye medications without visiting an ophthalmologist. The most common self-prescribed medications were anti-allergic and antibiotics. The results revealed that 148 respondents had previously used TEMs (16.4%). The majority of respondents (86.6%) preferred medications over TEM to treat eye diseases. Key words: self-medication, traditional eye medication, Saudi Arabia, ophthalmology, eye
Documentation of paediatric observations in an urgent care setting; a Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Ali Rahma Yusuf
Published: May 2022

Background: Children with seriously life-threatening illnesses in are rare in primary care and fever is one of the most common symptoms they present with. The NICE 2013 guideline on the management of a feverish child intended to improve outcomes. This study sought to identify the frequency of clinicians documenting paediatric observations Methodology: Patients under 5 years presenting to an urgent care centre for face to face appointments were audited for a 7 day period looking to see which of the parameters from the NICE guideline were documented. Information regarding the NICE feverish child guideline was shared with colleagues and a re-audit was done after 3 months. Results: Excluding circulation and temperature, the vital signs outlined in the NICE feverish child guidelines were infrequently measured by clinicians. A good improvement of measurements across the board was noted on re-audit 3 months later following educational information being shared in written format and informally circulated. Conclusion: This quality improvement study supports existing research suggesting that GPs seldom rely on vital signs, particularly when assessing children who they do not think have a serious infection Key words: NICE feverish child guideline, vital signs, paediatric observations
An Overview of Biological Warfare and SARS-CoV-2 as a Potential Biological Agent
Authors: Mansour Basem Mohammad , Alsuleman Deaa Mohammad , Alghanem Suhail Haydar
Published: May 2022

The conflict between humans did not stop throughout the ages, and humans have used everything in nature to serve this conflict since the first ages of history, during the First World War when the world witnessed the actual use of chemical weapons, and nuclear weapons during World War II By the United States of America against Japan, which greatly developed a biological warfare program before and during World War II, and a lot of information regarding this program was withheld by an agreement between Japan and the USA after Japan’s defeat in the war. Finally, the countries of the world succeeded in signing a Biological Warfare Convention (BWC) in 1972, and the Ninth Review Conference will be held for this convention during 2021 to discuss its articles and try to develop its mechanisms to prevent the development and use of biological weapons in the conflict between nations. According to the British novelist George Orwell, “Life is a race between education and catastrophe”. As the great development in the field of genetic technologies and the production of vaccines collided with the emergence of new pathogens, the latest of which is the emerging SARS-CoV-2 virus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic around the world, and once again the major countries have been accused by each other of spreading this virus in the world intentionally or by accident. We must carefully examine these allegations before making decisions, because these allegations may have negative repercussions on the future of humanity. Key words: biological, warfare, weapons, BWC, genetic engineering, COVID-19 pandemic
Barriers Facing Primary Health Care Physicians in Jazan when Dealing with Emergency Cases
Authors: Holal Sameer Ahmed Ali , Abdelwahid Hassan Ali Elsayed
Published: May 2022

Background: Primary healthcare centres (PHCCs) provide curative and preventative healthcare services. Little is known about perceived competence in handling potential emergencies by family physicians at PHCCs. Aim of Study: To identify primary healthcare (PHC) physicians’ emergency management competence and the barriers they experience when dealing with emergency cases. Method: A descriptive questionnaire-based cross-sectional study of family physicians in Jazan Governorate, in south west of Saudi Arabia. We used Poisson regression modelling to evaluate the effect of background factors on perceived competence in handling emergency cases among family physicians. Results: The study included 450 PHC physicians; 342 (77.8%) were males, and 364 (82.7%) were Saudi. When compared to Arab Board of Family Medicine (ABFM) certification, physicians did better if they had Family Medicine (FM) Diploma (OR = 1.1486, p = 0.03704) or MBBS (OR = 1.1529, p = 0.00371). Compared to physicians who attended Basic Life Support (BLS) courses within the last 12 months, competence in clinical emergencies was far worse for those who did not do BLS (OR = 0.6710, p <0.001), or did it over two years ago (OR = 0.8796, p<0.001). Notably, there was no difference between those who did BLS last year or within two years’ time frame. Attending the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) course was associated with better emergency knowledge and competence if completed withinone year than within two years (OR = 0.9071, p = 0.002), over two years (OR = 0.8694, p<0.001), or not done at all (OR = 0.9527, p = 0.01452). Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) course attendance was not associated with significant gains in terms of competence. Experience in Emergency Departments (ED) was associated with worse self-rating of competence in emergency cases (OR = 0.9527, p = 0.01452). Conclusions: BLS and ATLS courses improve perceived competence among PHC physicians. There is a potential gap in defibrillation training among PHC-based family physicians in the southwestern area of Saudi Arabia. Therefore, BLS training should be an integral part of family physician core competence in handling emergency cases. More educational training should be devoted to defibrillation skills in clinical practice. Key words: Primary Healthcare, Family physician, Emergency care, competence, barriers, Saudi Arabia.
Somatic Symptom Disorder among medical students in Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Goweda Reda , Alshinawi Marwan Adel , Janbi Basim Mazin , Idrees Umar Yousuf Muhammad , Babukur Raed Mohammed , Alhazmi Hassan Ali , Aiash Hani
Published: May 2022

Background: A somatic symptom disorder (SSD) occurs when a person feels extreme, exaggerated anxiety about physical symptoms that results in major distress and/or problems of functioning. Objective: This study aims to screen somatic symptom disorder among medical students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students during the academic year 2019/2020. 374 medical students were recruited for this study. Self administered questionnaire was used to collect the data including two sections; socio-demographic information and Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8) questions. Results: Out of 374 students, 206 (55.1%) were males, 292 (78.1%) were from the clinical years (Years 4-6), 353 (94.4%) were singles, 71 (19.0%) were smokers, 83 (22.2%) had social stressors and 88 (23.5%) had educational problems. On considering only the high SSS-8 total risk scores, the prevalence of SSD is estimated to be 39% (20.3% had very high and 18.7% had high risk). Feeling tired or having low energy was the most prevalent symptom. Female students and students having social stressors and educational problems were more vulnerable to have SSD. Conclusions: There is high prevalence of SSD among our medical students. Accordingly, health education programs and frequent mentoring of the students are highly recommended. Key words: somatic, symptom, disorder, medical students
Family physicians and patients’ compliance
Authors: Ismail Mansoura , Nur Muna Ahmed , Joudeh Anwar
Published: May 2022

Family physicians play a vital role in the care of a wide range of patients. They are often the first point of contact for those with medical needs. One major challenge faced world-wide is patient compliance with therapies. There are numerous factors affecting patient compliance and family physicians need to be aware of these whilst maintaining patient autonomy. Key words: family physicians, patient compliance
Positive and negative acute phase reactants in sickle cell diseases
Authors: Helvaci Mehmet Rami , Altintas Engin , Yalcin Atilla , Muftuoglu Orhan Ekrem , Abyad Abdulrazak , Pocock Lesley
Published: May 2022

Background: We tried to understand some positive and negative acute phase reactants (APR) in sickle cell diseases (SCD). Methods: Consecutive patients with the SCD and controls were studied. Results: The study included 193 patients (98 females) and 132 controls (67 females). Although the body weight and body mass index (BMI) were retarded in the SCD (58.9 versus 71.1 kg and 21.5 versus 26.8 kg/m2, respectively, p<0.000 for both), the body heights were similar in both groups (164.8 versus 162.8 cm, p>0.05). Parallel to the retarded body weight and BMI, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (93.4 versus 102.4 mg/dL, p=0.025), low density lipoproteins (LDL) (70.4 versus 98.1 mg/dL, p<0.000), high density lipoproteins (HDL) (24.2 versus 35.8 mg/dL, p<0.000), and systolic (117.6 versus 127.9 mmHg, p=0.001) and diastolic blood pressures (BP) (77.3 versus 86.0 mmHg, p<0.000) were all retarded in the SCD. On the other hand, total bilirubin (TB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were both increased (4.0 versus 0.7 mg/dL and 638.9 versus 268.4 U/L, respectively, p<0.000 for both) in the SCD. Similarly, white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts (16.338 versus 7.407 /µL and 421.424 versus 268.612 /µL, respectively) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (90.3 versus 78.3 fL) were all increased whereas the hematocrit (Hct) level was decreased (23.2 versus 36.6%) in the SCD (p<0.000 for all). Conclusion: Body weight, BMI, FPG, LDL, HDL, systolic and diastolic BP, and Hct may be some negative whereas TB, LDH, WBC and PLT counts, and MCV may be some positive APR in the body. Keywords: Sickle cell diseases, positive acute phase reactants, negative acute phase reactants, chronic endothelial damage, atherosclerosis, body weight, body mass index
The Supportive Care Needs of Breast Cancer Patients and Its Related Factors: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Okati-Aliabad Hassan , Kargar Shiva , Ansari-Moghadam Alireza , Mohammadi Mahdi
Published: May 2022

Background: Planning cancer supportive care programs require assessing patients’ supportive needs. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate breast cancer patients’ supportive care needs and their related factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted this Zahedan, Iran, in 2020. Patients with breast cancer, who referred to the clinical oncology departments of Khatam-Al-Anbia hospital and Ali ibn Abi Talib hospital were selected by the census method. Standard questionnaires were distributed among the participants to obtain information and analyze data in SPSS software version 19.0. Results: This study examined 120 breast cancer patients with a mean age of 47.35 (SD 10.67) years. The patients’ highest and lowest need for help were related to health system/information (63.23 ± 20.80) and sexual needs (6.73 ± 19.66). Spearman’s correlation coefficient analysis indicated that social support and illness adjustment negatively correlated with many supportive care domains. Conclusions: Supportive care services, especially in the information and psychology domain, are needed for breast cancer patients in Zahedan, Iran. Patients can benefit from social support and positive coping strategies to help them cope with their disease.
Feasibility and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for lesions in proximity to a colonic diverticulum
Authors: Ikezawa Nobuaki , Toyonaga Takashi , Tanaka Shinwa , Yoshizaki Tetsuya , Takao Toshitatsu , Abe Hirofumi , Sakaguchi Hiroya , Tsuda Kazunori , Urakami Satoshi , Nakai Tatsuya , Harada Taku , Miura Kou , Yamasaki Takahisa , Kostalas Stuart , Morita Yoshinori , Kodama Yuzo
Published: May 2022

Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for diverticulum-associated colorectal lesions is generally contraindicated because of the high risk of perforation. Several studies on patients with such lesions treated with ESD have been reported recently. However, the feasibility and safety of ESD for lesions in proximity to a colonic diverticulum (D-ESD) have not been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of D-ESD.Methods: D-ESD was defined as ESD for lesions within approximately 3 mm of a diverticulum. Twenty-six consecutive patients who underwent D-ESD were included. Two strategic approaches were used depending on whether submucosal dissection of the diverticulum-related part was required (strategy B) or not (strategy A). Treatment outcomes and adverse events associated with each strategy were analyzed.Results: The en bloc resection rate was 96.2%. The rates of R0 and curative resection in strategies A and B were 80.8%, 73.1%, 84.6%, and 70.6%, respectively. Two cases of intraoperative perforation and one case of delayed perforation occurred. The delayed perforation case required emergency surgery, but the other cases were managed conservatively.Conclusions: D-ESD may be a feasible treatment option. However, it should be performed in a high-volume center by expert hands because it requires highly skilled endoscopic techniques.
Do sujeito às práticas discursivas: o solo epistemológico da Consumer Culture Theory no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Farias Miriam Leite , Farias Salomão Alencar de , Alcoforado Daniela Gomes
Published: May 2022

A Consumer Culture Theory (CCT) surgiu após uma onda de tradição interpretativista que influenciou pesquisadores da área de comportamento do consumidor na década de 1980, os quais passaram a buscar compreender os aspectos socioculturais do consumo. A marca CCT foi lançado em 2005 por Arnould e Thompson com o objetivo de classificar estudos semelhantes e de orientação cultural nas pesquisas de consumo. Atualmente, a CCT já é uma comunidade acadêmica estabelecida, com similaridades teóricas e metodológicas. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir sobre a produção de conhecimento na área e refletir sobre o solo epistemológico que se consolidou em meio a uma diversidade de epistemes. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de literatura acerca do solo epistemológico da Consumer Culture Theory. Nesse sentido, foi analisada a produção brasileira na área de 2010 a 2020, buscando retratar as principais características metodológicas e epistemológicas do campo. Os resultados foram sintetizados em uma estrutura composta de seis dimensões que representam os pressupostos das principais epistemes encontradas no material empírico. Dessa forma, o artigo apresenta o retrato da produção da CCT no contexto brasileiro e discute as implicações para futuras pesquisas que visam explorar aspectos culturais do consumo por meio de pressupostos filosóficos e rigor metodológico.
Treinamento e Desenvolvimento (T&D): Percepção dos estudantes de administração de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior na cidade de Caruaru/PE
Authors: Costa Meiryelen Gomes da , Silva Geymeesson Brito da
Published: May 2022

O presente estudo buscou analisar a percepção dos estudantes de Administração de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior localizada na cidade de Caruaru/PE sobre o processo de Treinamento e Desenvolvimento (T&D) e suas interfaces com a Cultura Organizacional e o Clima Organizacional. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, desenvolvido a partir de uma abordagem quantitativa e caráter descritivo. A amostra do estudo foi composta por estudantes concluintes do curso de Bacharelado em Administração, os quais estavam inseridos no mercado de trabalho no período da pesquisa, totalizando uma amostra final de 23 respondentes (n=23). A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário online (survey) estruturado e desenvolvido no Google Forms. A análise dos dados foi realizada através de técnicas estatísticas de natureza descritiva, com uso dos softwares Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS©). Nos resultados observou-se que 47,83% dos respondentes relataram que não se sentem preparados para planejar ou realizar atividades que envolvam T&D e 82,61% relataram que não dominam as etapas de um processo de T&D. Acredita-se que esta pesquisa possa contribuir para o conhecimento do processo de Treinamento de Desenvolvimento (T&D) e suas possibilidades, bem como para o desenvolvimento de estudos futuros sobre outros aspectos relacionados à temática.
Maternidade e carreira durante a pandemia da covid-19: o papel das organizações na visão das mulheres-mães
Authors: Capone Stephanie Miranda Imbroisi , Souza Igor Guevara Loyola de
Published: May 2022

Durante a pandemia do coronavírus as dificuldades já enfrentadas anteriormente pelas mães trabalhadoras para a conciliação de papéis, entre carreira e maternidade, aumentaram. Neste contexto, definiu-se como objetivo de pesquisa analisar as práticas realizadas pelas organizações para auxiliar na retenção destas mulheres no mercado de trabalho e na conciliação entre maternidade e carreira, assim como a visão das mulheres-mães sobre tais condutas. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva de cunho qualitativo por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 9 mães trabalhadoras de Brasília-DF. A análise de dados foi feita por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que existem poucas práticas de retenção e conciliação durante a pandemia, tendo destaque para flexibilização do trabalho e home-office, que auxilia na conciliação de papéis, mas na visão das mulheres essas práticas ainda não são suficientes para manter uma rotina saudável. Com base nos resultados elaborou-se um modelo teórico-dedutivo, retratando a consequente “sobrecarga” das mulheres-mães durante a pandemia.
Socioeconomic efficiency of the Araguaia River Valley – Goiás: a deterministic frontier and Malmquist index approach
Authors: Araújo Rildo Vieira , Espejo Robert Armando , Oliveira Michel Angelo Constantino de , Moraes Paula Martin , Martins Romildo Camargo , Ribeiro Ana Cristina Almeida , Herrera Gabriel Paes , Lira Francisco Sousa , Nogueira Micaella Lima , Barcelos Sheyla Thays Vieira , Abreu Urbano Gomes Pinto , Taveira José Carlos , Costa Reginaldo Brito da
Published: May 2022

The present study aimed to evaluate socioeconomic efficiency in 41 Brazilian municipalities in the years 2014 and 2016 in the area comprised by the Araguaia River Valley, in the Central-West, Goiás state, Brazil.  We used the data envelopment analysis and Malmquist index methods to estimate municipality efficiency and its intertemporal variation. In the frontier model, average income, per capita GDP, and average agricultural income were used as input, and for outputs, the following Municipality Performance Indexes: MPI-Work, MPI-Formal Work, MPI-per capita GDP, and MPI-Agriculture. Results obtained showed a desirable socioeconomic efficiency advance in municipalities, related to a period when agriculture impacted positively on indexes of productivity, per capita GDP, population's average gains, and municipal development index (MPI), with average efficiency in 2014 at 0.92 and 0.93 in 2016. The number of municipalities for each sample that obtained Malmquist index with Mₒ> 1 progress was higher than that with regression (Mₒ <1). Results are relevant considering the novelty in the analysis and show, in the period studied, the productivity and efficiency dynamics in municipalities as for inclusive and sustainable economic and social growth of a region so important in Brazil's Central-West context, and can aid effectively public policies for the Araguaia River Valley, in the state of Goiás, Brazil.
Fontes indutoras de inovação nas cervejarias especiais da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (MG)
Authors: Carvalho João Francisco Sarno , Carvalho Giovani Brandão Mafra de , Silva Sheldon William , Oliveira João Leandro Cássio de , Sampaio Daniel Fernandes
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho procurou identificar as fontes indutoras das inovações nas cervejarias especiais da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Para galgar o objetivo proposto, esse artigo serviu-se de pesquisa qualitativa-descritiva com pesquisa bibliográfica, revisão de literatura, emprego de roteiro semiestruturado para entrevistas nas visitas às cervejarias e com análise de conteúdo para o processo de sistematização dos dados encontrados. Os dados encontrados permitiram verificar que ocorrem inovações incrementais e radicais nas cervejarias visitadas e que podemos classificá-las em quatro tipos distintos: produto, processo, posição e paradigma.  Como fonte indutora da inovação identificou-se papel da ciência e da tecnologia, apropriabilidade, oportunidades tecnológicas em especial as de base produtiva, cumulatividade e demanda, participação em redes colaborativas. Entretanto, as fontes indutoras de inovação são diferentes nas cervejarias, uma vez que, as cervejarias consolidadas e maiores têm maior acesso à mão-de-obra qualificada, recursos financeiros e tecnologias, alcançando uma quantidade maior de fontes indutoras de inovação.
Evaluación de la Competencia Emocional docente del alumnado de magisterio en prácticas: aprender a regular emociones a partir de la escritura de un “emociodiario”.
Authors: Benito Ambrona Tamara , Messina Alvarenque Claudia , Andrés Viloria Carmen , Fernandes Procópio Leandra
Published: May 2022

Las investigaciones señalan que es imprescindible formar al profesorado novel en competencia emocional (CE) para dar respuesta a las exigencias y retos que plantea la escuela. Las prácticas curriculares del programa de formación inicial de magisterio demuestran ser un contexto idóneo para el desarrollo de esta competencia. Estas prácticas constituyen un momento de aprendizaje e ilusión para el alumnado, pero también supone enfrentar situaciones de mucho estrés y, por tanto, suele ser fuente de emociones negativas. En este artículo se presentan los resultados del análisis del cuestionario de CE pre y post test administrado a 46 estudiantes de magisterio que realizaron las prácticas curriculares del último curso de la carrera. El alumnado recibió información específica sobre CE, presentación de material interactivo para la reflexión sobre sus emociones y realizó la escritura de los diarios de prácticas, llamados “emociodiarios”, con un acompañamiento especializado por parte de sus tutores.
Los resultados muestran que el periodo de prácticas constituye un momento idóneo para el desarrollo de la CE. Asimismo, el alumnado participante aumenta el uso de estrategias adaptativas de regulación emocional y reduce el de las menos adaptativas. Por último, el acompañamiento del profesorado tutor resulta fundamental durante todo el proceso.
Paracrine signalling between intestinal epithelial and tumour cells induces a regenerative programme
Authors: Jacquemin Guillaume , Wurmser Annabelle , Huyghe Mathilde , Sun Wenjie , Homayed Zeinab , Merle Candice , Perkins Meghan , Qasrawi Fairouz , Richon Sophie , Dingli Florent , Arras Guillaume , Loew Damarys , Vignjevic Danijela , Pannequin Julie , Fre Silvia
Published: May 2022

Tumours are complex ecosystems composed of different types of cells that communicate and influence each other. While the critical role of stromal cells in affecting tumour growth is well established, the impact of mutant cancer cells on healthy surrounding tissues remains poorly defined. Here, using mouse intestinal organoids, we uncover a paracrine mechanism by which intestinal cancer cells reactivate foetal and regenerative YAP-associated transcriptional programmes in neighbouring wildtype epithelial cells, rendering them adapted to thrive in the tumour context. We identify the glycoprotein thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) as the essential factor that mediates non-cell-autonomous morphological and transcriptional responses. Importantly, Thbs1 is associated with bad prognosis in several human cancers. This study reveals the THBS1-YAP axis as the mechanistic link mediating paracrine interactions between epithelial cells in intestinal tumours.
Conservation and divergence of myelin proteome and oligodendrocyte transcriptome profiles between humans and mice
Authors: Gargareta Vasiliki-Ilya , Reuschenbach Josefine , Siems Sophie B , Sun Ting , Piepkorn Lars , Mangana Carolina , Späte Erik , Goebbels Sandra , Huitinga Inge , Möbius Wiebke , Nave Klaus-Armin , Jahn Olaf , Werner Hauke B
Published: May 2022

Human myelin disorders are commonly studied in mouse models. Since both clades evolutionarily diverged approximately 85 million years ago, it is critical to know to what extent the myelin protein composition has remained similar. Here, we use quantitative proteomics to analyze myelin purified from human white matter and find that the relative abundance of the structural myelin proteins PLP, MBP, CNP, and SEPTIN8 correlates well with that in C57Bl/6N mice. Conversely, multiple other proteins were identified exclusively or predominantly in human or mouse myelin. This is exemplified by peripheral myelin protein 2 (PMP2), which was specific to human central nervous system myelin, while tetraspanin-2 (TSPAN2) and connexin-29 (CX29/GJC3) were confined to mouse myelin. Assessing published scRNA-seq-datasets, human and mouse oligodendrocytes display well-correlating transcriptome profiles but divergent expression of distinct genes, including Pmp2, Tspan2, and Gjc3. A searchable web interface is accessible via www.mpinat.mpg.de/myelin. Species-dependent diversity of oligodendroglial mRNA expression and myelin protein composition can be informative when translating from mouse models to humans.
Expanding codon size
Authors: Siddika Tarana , Heinemann Ilka U , O’Donoghue Patrick
Published: May 2022

Engineering transfer RNAs to read codons consisting of four bases requires changes in tRNA that go beyond the anticodon sequence.
Dental pathologies in lamniform and carcharhiniform sharks with comments on the classification and homology of double tooth pathologies in vertebrates
Authors: Miller Harrison S. , Avrahami Haviv M. , Zanno Lindsay E.
Published: May 2022

Double tooth pathologies are important indicators of trauma, disease, diet, and feeding biomechanics, and are widely documented in mammals. However, diagnosis of double tooth pathologies in extinct non-mammalian vertebrates is complicated by several compounding factors including: a lack of shared terminology reflecting shared etiology, inconsistencies in definitions and key features within and outside of mammals (e.g., gemination, fusion, twinning, concrescence); differences in tooth morphology, heterodonty, regeneration, and implantation between mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates; and the unmet need for diagnostic criteria that can be applied to isolated teeth, which are common in the fossil record. Here we report on double tooth pathologies in the lamniform and carcharhiniform Cenozoic sharksOtodus megalodon(NCSM 33639) andCarcharhinus leucas(NCSM 33640, 33641). All three teeth bear a singular bifid crown with mirrored halves and abnormal internal microstructure—a single, bifurcating pulp cavity inC. leucasand a more than tripling of vessels inO. megalodon(from two to seven main ascending canals). We identify these abnormalities as likely examples of gemination due to their symmetry, which rules out fusion of tooth buds in one tooth file in different developmental stages in polyphyodont taxa; however, we note that incomplete forms of mesiodistal tooth fusion can be morphologically indistinguishable from gemination, and thus fusion cannot be rejected. We further compile and recategorize, when possible, the diversity of tooth pathologies in sharks. The identification of double tooth pathologies inO. megalodonandC. leucashas paleobiological implications. Such pathologies in sharks are largely hypothesized to stem from trauma to developing tooth buds.Carcharhinus leucasis known to feed on prey documented to cause feeding-related oral traumas (e.g., rays, sawfish, spiny fish, and sea urchins). However,O.megalodon, is considered to have largely fed on marine mammals, and perhaps turtles and/or fish, raising the possibility that the dietary diversity of this species is, as of yet, underappreciated. The genetic underpinnings of tooth morphogenesis and regeneration is highly conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, suggesting a homologous framework can be established. However, more research is needed to link developmental, paleobiological, and/or paleoenvironmental factors to gemination/fusion in polyphyodont taxa. We argue that the definitions and diagnostic criteria for dental pathologies in vertebrates require standardization in order to advance macroevolutionary studies of feeding trauma in deep time.