bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Nurses' Adherence to the See-and-Treat Guidelines of Botswana's National Cervical Cancer Prevention Programme
Authors: Johnson Lauren G. , Ramogola-Masire Doreen , Teitelman Anne M. , Jemmott John B. , Buttenheim Alison M.
Published: December 2019

The see-and-treat approach for cervical cancer screening [visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) followed by immediate cryotherapy] was first pilot tested in Botswana in 2009. Botswana's Ministry of Health and the Botswana-UPenn Partnership collaborated to expand see-and-treat to five additional sites throughout the country in 2014. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether nurses’ adherence to guideline-based screening was maintained during scale-up. Therefore, we compared nurses’ adherence between the pilot and scaled-up sites and determined main drivers of nonadherence across all sites. We conducted a retrospective review of 6,644 medical charts from Botswana's National Cervical Cancer Prevention Programme between February 2014 and October 2015. Using multivariable regression modeled with generalized estimating equations, we determined whether nurses’ adherence to the see-and-treat guideline differed between the pilot and scale-up sites after controlling for significant covariates. Overall, adherence to the guideline was high (88.4%). Although the scaled-up sites had higher adherence compared with the pilot site (90.9% vs. 80.2%, respectively), the difference between sites was not statistically significant in the multivariable model (P = 0.221). Of the nonadherent clinical encounters, the three most frequent visit types were VIA not performed (178, 23.3%), VIA negative: HIV unknown (163, 21.3%), and VIA negative: HIV negative (144, 18.9%). The most common reason for nonadherence was misspecification of follow-up times. Despite known challenges of scaling-up health innovations in resource-limited settings, our study shows that nurses maintained guideline-adherent care in Botswana's national see-and-treat program. The successful scale-up may have been attributable to the program's intensive quality assurance monitoring.
Meta-Analysis of SNP-Environment Interaction with Heterogeneity
Authors: Jin Qinqin , Shi Gang
Published: December 2019

Meta-analyses are widely used in genome-wide association studies to combine the results obtained from multiple studies. Classical random-effects methods treat genetic heterogeneity as a random effect and consider it as a portion of the variance associated with a fixed effect of the variant. Recent work suggests performing hypothesis testing with the null hypothesis under which neither fixed nor random effects exist for a variant. This method has been shown to perform better than classical random-effects methods. In this work, we propose a meta-analysis of testing single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-environment interaction in the presence of genetic heterogeneity. We introduced the random effects of the SNP and SNP-environment interaction under test into a meta-regression model to account for heterogeneity. A test for the SNP-environment interaction was formulated to test for fixed and random effects of the interaction simultaneously. Similarly, a test for total genetic effects was formulated to test for fixed effects of the SNP and the SNP-environment interaction together with their random effects. We performed simulations to study the null distribution and statistical power of the proposed tests. We show that the new methods have higher power than classical random-effects and fixed-effects meta-regression methods when heterogeneity effects are large.
The Mode of Detection Is Not Associated with Quality of Life in Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Braun Bettina , Kurosinski Marc-André , Khil Laura , Tio Joke , Krause-Bergmann Barbara , Hense Hans-Werner
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Apart from saving lives, mammography screening programs (MSP) are expected to reduce negative side effects of treatment by detecting cancer earlier, when it is more responsive to less aggressive treatment. This study compared quality of life (QoL) among women with breast cancers that were detected either by screening mammography, as interval cancers, or clinically among women not participating in the MSP. Methods: Retrospective study of first-ever invasive breast cancers detected among MSP-eligible women aged 50–69 years between 2006 and 2012 in Münster, Germany. EORTC QLQ-C30 and -BR23 questionnaires were mailed to 1,399 cases still alive in 2015 (response rate 64.1%). Results: Women’s responses were obtained on average 6.1 years after diagnosis. Mean crude and age-adjusted scores for overall QoL, breast and body image (BBI), and five functional scales (FS) were comparable between groups of detection mode. Clearly lower adjusted means for most scores were observed in women with interval cancers, if time since diagnosis was less than 5 years. Cases younger than 60 years showed lower values for some FS, particularly among interval and screen-detected cases. Discussion/Conclusion: In summary, cases with breast cancer showed health-related score values that were similar to the general population of the same age. There was also no indication that mode of detection markedly influenced these scores. However, after adjusting for tumor stage and other influential factors, screening participants appeared more susceptible to score declines after a diagnosis of cancer than non-participants.
Epidemiology of Onychomycosis in an Academic Nail Unit in South Greece during a Three-Year Period
Authors: Gregoriou Stamatios , Mpali Nikoletta , Vrioni Georgia , Hatzidimitriou Eleni , Chryssou Stella-Eugenia , Rigopoulos Dimitrios
Published: December 2019

Background: Onychomycosis is the most common disease of the nails. Objective: This retrospective study aimed at evaluating the epidemiology of onychomycosis in adult patients in South Greece during the 2015–2017 period. Material and Methods: A total of 3,226 patients with clinical signs of possible onychomycosis were included. Diagnosis was confirmed by microscopy with KOH 20% and by culture in Sabouraud agar with and without actidione. Results: Diagnosis of onychomycosis was confirmed in 27.99% of the patients. Men were infected more often (40.04%) than women (23.30%). Toenails (68.77%) were infected more than fingernails (31.23%) in both sexes. Onychomycosis in fingernails was more common among women (39.74%) than men (18.51%). Men were more often diagnosed with onychomycosis in toenails (81.49%) than women (60.26%). Dermatophytes were the most frequently isolated fungi (34.11%), followed by Candida(29.79%) and non-dermatophyte molds (NDM) (7.20%). In fingernails, the most frequently isolated fungus was Candida spp. (84.04%), followed by dermatophytes (3.55%) and NDM (0.71%). In toenails, dermatophytes (47.99%) were more commonly identified, followed by NDM (10.14%) and Candida spp. (5.15%). Conclusion: Onychomycosis in Greece follows a pattern of higher incidence in males, with toenails more frequently infected with T. rubrum and fingernails more frequently infected with C. albicans in the present era.
Novel Ocular and Inner Ear Anomalies in a Patient with Myhre Syndrome
Authors: Gürsoy Semra , Hazan Filiz , Öztürk Tülay , Ateş Halil
Published: December 2019

Myhre syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant multisystemic disorder. Typical features of this disorder include distinctive facial appearance, deafness, intellectual disability, cardiovascular abnormalities, short stature, brachydactyly, and skeletal anomalies. Gain-of-function mutations in the SMAD4 gene are responsible for this syndrome. Herein, we present a 9.6-year-old Turkish girl with molecularly confirmed Myhre syndrome who had novel findings including bilateral Axenfield Rieger anomaly with secondary glaucoma and bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueducts.
Switching Biologics in the Treatment of Psoriasis: A Multicenter Experience
Authors: Özkur Ezgi , Kıvanç Altunay İlknur , Oğuz Topal İlteriş , Aytekin Sema , Topaloğlu Demir Filiz , Özkök Akbulut Tuğba , Kara Polat Asude , Karadağ Ayşe Serap
Published: December 2019

Background/Objective: The purpose of our study was to provide evidence on the treatment choices, reasons, and results of switching between biologic agents in treating patients with psoriasis. Methods: We conducted a retrospective database search of six tertiary referral centers for pso­riasis patients between January 2007 and May 2019. We analyzed patient and treatment characteristics of all patients in the registry. Results: We enrolled 427 psoriatic patients treated with biologics, and 145 (34%) required a switch to another biologic. The reasons for discontinuing the first biologic agent were inefficacy (n = 106, 62.4%), adverse events (n = 28, 16.5%), and others (n = 36, 21.2%). At week 12, there was a 67.7% reduction in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score of patients treated with their first biologic, and 51.4% reduction for the second. A drug survival analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the drug survival of first-line biologic agents, but ustekinumab had the highest survival rate among second-line biologics (log-rank p = 0.010). Multivariate analyses for overall drug discontinuation showed that the occurrence of psoriatic arthritis (OR: 1.883, 95% CI: 1.274–2.782, p = 0.001), nail involvement (OR: 2.334, 95% CI: 1.534–3.552, p < 0.001), and use of concomitant treatment (OR: 2.303, 95% CI: 1.403 –3.780, p = 0.001) are predictors for discontinuation. Conclusion: Discontinuation of treatment was most commonly due to inefficacy. Patients who switched to a different biologic agent showed a similar improvement in PASI scores compared to biologic-naive patients. Switching to a second biologic therapy due to inefficacy or adverse events caused by the first one may improve psoriasis.
Systematic Assessment of Adult Patients’ Satisfaction with Various Eosinophilic Esophagitis Therapies
Authors: Safroneeva Ekaterina , Hafner David , Kuehni Claudia E. , Zwahlen Marcel , Trelle Sven , Biedermann Luc , Greuter Thomas , Vavricka Stephan R. , Straumann Alex , Schoepfer Alain M.
Published: December 2019

Background and Aims: The treatment options for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) patients include drugs (proton pump inhibitors [PPIs], swallowed topical corticosteroids [STCs]), elimination diets, and dilation. Given the lack of data, we aimed to assess adult EoE patients’ satisfaction with different EoE-specific treatment modalities. Patients and Methods: We evaluated therapy satisfaction recalled over a 12-month period using the validated Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication that assesses effectiveness, side effects, convenience, and overall satisfaction. The score for each scale ranges from 0 (dissatisfied) to 100 (satisfied). To evaluate satisfaction with nonpharmacologic therapies, the questionnaire was modified and debriefed into three focus groups. The final questionnaire was sent to 147 patients. Results: The patient response rate was 74%. In the last 12 months, 24, 75, 19, and 9% were treated with PPIs, STCs, elimination diet, and dilation, respectively. Patients identified the following considerations as important for therapy choice: effect on symptoms (89%), effect on esophageal inflammation (76%), side effects (69%), and ease of use (58%). Patients found STCs to be effective (83 points), convenient (83 points), and experienced no side effects when using this therapy. When using STCs alone (43%), overall patient satisfaction was high (86 points). Patients judged PPIs to be most convenient (89 points), STCs to be a bit less convenient (83 points), and diet to be most inconvenient (46 points) of the three therapies examined. Conclusions: Adult EoE patients consider both therapy effect on symptoms and esophageal inflammation as important criteria when choosing EoE therapy and appear to be satisfied with STC use.
Whole-Genome and Segmental Homozygosity Confirm Errors in Meiosis as Etiology of Struma Ovarii
Authors: Henderson Brittany B. , Chaubey Alka , Roth Lawrence M. , Robboy Stanley J. , Tarasidis Gregory , Jones Julie R. , Sundermann John M. , Chou Jeff , Craddock Ann L. , Stevenson Leslie , Friez Michael J. , Kincaid Edward H. , Stevenson Roger E.
Published: December 2019

Strumae ovarii are neoplasms composed of normal-appearing thyroid tissue that occur within the ovary and rarely spread to extraovarian sites. A unique case of struma ovarii with widespread dissemination detected 48 years after removal of a pelvic dermoid provided the opportunity to reexamine the molecular nature of this form of neoplasm. One tumor, from the heart, consisting of benign thyroid tissue was found to have whole-genome homozygosity. Another tumor from the right mandible composed of malignant-appearing thyroid tissue showed whole-genome homozygosity and a deletion of 7p, presumably the second hit that transformed it into a cancerous tumor. Specimens from 2 other cases of extraovarian struma confined to the abdomen and 8 of 9 cases of intraovarian struma showed genome-wide segmental homozygosity. These findings confirm errors in meiosis as the origin of struma ovarii. The histological and molecular findings further demonstrate that even when outside the ovary, strumae ovarii can behave nonaggressively until they receive a second hit, thereafter behaving like cancer.
Sequential Extracorporeal Therapy Collaborative Device and Timely Support for Endotoxic, Septic, and Cardiac Shock: A Case Report
Authors: De Rosa Silvia , Samoni Sara , Ronco Claudio
Published: December 2019

We report a 49-year-old man, without prior medical history, consulted in the emergency department with a 5 day history of cough, fever, and dysuria. He was admitted to the intensive care unit due to septic shock. Critical care management was initiated, including mechanical ventilation and vasopressors. Endotoxic shock was suspected (endotoxin activity assay [EAA] 0.75), and 2 treatments with Polymyxin B hemoperfusion (Toraymyxin®, Toray Medical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) were performed in 48 h, alternate with high-volume hemofiltration sessions. Initial blood cultures were positive for Neisseria meningitidis (serogroup B), and a lumbar puncture was deferred because of the coagulopathy and a bleeding risk. The circulatory efficiency significantly improved after the second procedure of hemoperfusion, and the treatment resulted in a marked decrease in the serum endotoxin level (EAA <0.4). However, after 48 h, tachycardia did not improve, left ventricular ejection fraction was 20%, and circulatory insufficiency progressed. Therefore, considering the involvement of septic cardiomyopathy and cardiogenic shock, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) was initiated for circulation assistance on day 3 from admission. Continuous cytokine hemoadsorption (Cytosorb®, Cytosorbent Corporation, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) was incorporated into a VA-ECMO circuit for 48 h without a considerable improvement. For this reason, a 72-h continuous veno-venous hemodialysis session was started in which a high cutoff filter was used. Tachycardia and myocardial dysfunction improved by day 6, and VA-ECMO was withdrawn on the tenth day. Subsequently, nutrition management and rehabilitation were performed, and the patient was transferred to the department of respiratory medicine on day 80, he was discharged from our hospital on day 113. Sequential extracorporeal therapy may be beneficial when concomitant with circulatory assistance in uncontrollable cases of septic shock using catecholamines and blockers.
Microscopic Colitis: A Challenging Disorder
Authors: Tulassay Zsolt , Mihaly Emese , Herszényi Lászlo
Published: December 2019

Background: The clinical importance of microscopic colitis (MC) is increasing. This is explained by both the increasing incidence and the challenges posed by the disease. However, recent MC data also reveal a number of doubts and uncertainties. Summary: This review focuses on current knowledge of MC and highlights the various controversies and criticisms regarding the clinical data about definitions, subtypes, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition. Key Messages: The diagnosis of MC is based on histology, which distinguishes 2 subtypes. However, transitional forms often cause misclassification, which calls into question the reality (specificity, meaning) of the distinction between the 2 forms. The location of the colon biopsy is not defined by international consensus. There is no credible, clear explanation for the incidence increase. The pathogenesis is unknown, probably multifactorial, but the importance of the immunological background is increasing. The natural history of the disease and the underlying cause of relapses are unclear. It is suggested that MC would be the prelude of IBD. Further data collection is needed to clarify these issues.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Pancreas Disease: Clinical Consequences
Authors: Dite Petr , Blaho Martin , Bojkova Martina , Jabandziev Petr , Kunovsky Lumir
Published: December 2019

Metabolic syndrome and its components such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM-T2), and arterial hypertension are unequivocally serious problems for every society. This is especially true in economically developed countries where the imbalance in lifestyle between caloric intake and caloric output still gets greater and greater. This fact is not only a concern for the adult population but for children as well. However, metabolic syndrome does not only affect society and health in regards to cardiovascular diseases, it significantly concerns gastroenterology where it is classified as nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD). The data gained from several trials show that the prevalence of NAFDP is 33% (95% CI 24–41%). When it comes to the diagnostic procedures concerning the presence of pancreatic fat, a whole spectrum of suitable methods are recommended. Probably, the most exact method is the use of magnetic resonance imaging. However, for common clinical practice, the abdominal sonographic examination based on the comparison of the pancreatic parenchymatous echogenity versus renal or hepatic echogenity is used. The clinical consequences of pancreatic steatosis and steatopancreatitis are significant. These diseases are connected with DM-T2 and insulin resistance. In recent years, changes of exocrine pancreatic function, particularly its decrease, have also been described. It is known that there is a close correlation between NAFPD and nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis and also with the increased thickness of aortic intima-media. There is also an important relationship between NAFPD and pancreatic carcinoma. Pancreatic steatosis, and especially its NAFPD form, is a serious state which can be treatable by the possible effective management of metabolic syndrome parameters, including obesity.
"Ou a morte ou o livro": a escrita em Marguerite Duras
Authors: Rangel Tatiane de Souza França
Published: December 2019

Nas primeiras páginas de O Amante (1984), livro que trouxe à Marguerite Duras o Prix Goncourt do mesmo ano, uma frase se repete: “Deixe-me contar de novo”. A obra durassiana, como um todo, parece funcionar nesse movimento de maré: um (re)contar que passeia por diferentes tipos de representação, desde a página até as telas de cinema. Uma questão começa a se desenhar: por que seria preciso contar e recontar inúmeras vezes, mudando a forma narrativa, mudando o aparato representativo, facetas de uma mesma – ou de várias mesmas – histórias? O que seria escrever para uma autora que, ao ensaiar sobre a escrita, diz que ao se achar no fundo de um buraco, numa solidão quase total, se descobre que só a escrita pode nos salvar? É no encalço dessas interrogações que o presente artigo se desenrola. No encontro entre duas obras, O amante (1984) e Agatha (1981), busca-se pensar no que essa escrita, única salvadora, representa, e na relação que ela configura com o corpo de quem escreve quando se acha, só, no fundo de um buraco.
PROUST ET LA DÉCADENCE LITTÉRAIRE : UN PARCOURS AMBIGU
Authors: Silva Daniel Augusto Pereira Pereira
Published: December 2019

Este artigo trata das relações entre a obra de Proust e a prosa de ficção decadente. Primeiramente, verificamos os seus pontos de aproximação e os de afastamento em relação à poética fin-de-siècle. Em seguida, abordamos a polêmica entre Proust e Lucien Muhfeld que se deu no periódico La revue blanche, tomando-a como representativa, no período, tanto das querelas literárias quanto da recepção crítica da ficção decadente. Por fim, empreendemos uma análise pontual de Les Plaisirs et les Jours (1896), a primeira obra publicada pelo autor, e comparemos alguns de seus aspectos com o texto paradigmático da literatura decadente, À rebours (1884), de J.-K. Huysmans. Embora o autor tenha estabelecido uma relação ambígua e produtiva com a decadência literária, nossa hipótese é de que as narrativas que compõem o volume estudado não se configuram plenamente como decadentes.
A narrativa de vida no romance "La Jalousie", de Alain Robbe-Grillet
Authors: Koyano Amayi Luiza Soares
Published: December 2019

A narrativa de vida, oriunda da Análise do Discurso, foi amplamente debatida nos trabalhos de Ruth Amossy e de Ida Lúcia Machado, evidenciando as contribuições metodológicas da Análise do Discurso para o estudo de obras literárias. Propõe-se neste artigo analisar o romance La Jalousie, de Alain Robbe-Grillet, sob o ponto de vista das imagens de si no discurso literário, para um melhor entendimento da presença do narrador no romance robbegrilletiano. A ausência de um nome, de pronomes e de características físicas desse narrador-personagem não inviabiliza a percepção de traços da sua personalidade, da sua postura diante da vida e mesmo da sua escolha por esse tipo de apagamento, visto que, como sugere Machado, a narrativa de vida ajuda aquele-que-se-narra a melhor se definir diante do outro a partir do trabalho que empreende ao elaborar uma imagem de si que opere uma reunião de suas experiências. Em La Jalousie, essas experiências do narrador são apresentadas por meio do olhar que ele imprime no texto. O que as imagens de si mostra, em La Jalousie, é que esse olhar do narrador não é neutro e que ele consegue expressar suspeita, ironia, desacordo e uma presença na ausência.
O financiamento da saúde frente ao novo regime fiscal
Authors: Romão Ana Luisa Pereira Agudo
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o financiamento da saúde pública no Brasil, em especial as consequências da adoção do novo regime fiscal. Para isso, o método utilizado foi o levantamento bibliográfico nas principais bases de dados disponíveis, complementado por textos jornalísticos e análise das Ações Diretas de Inconstitucionalidade n. 5.595 e n. 5.658, que discutiram o tema. O artigo é dividido em quatro partes: (i) introdução sobre a constitucionalização do direito à saúde; (ii) exposição sobre os modos de financiamento da saúde pública, com enfoque nas Emendas Constitucionais n. 29/2000, n. 86/2015 e n. 95/2016; (iii) exame dos impactos do novo regime fiscal no setor da saúde, com destaque para suas implicações na judicialização da saúde; e (iv) a conclusão de que o novo regime fiscal trouxe medidas de austeridade que, além de reduzirem os recursos disponíveis para a saúde, impedem a expansão dos serviços de atendimento à população e têm grande potencial de aumentar as demandas judiciais por tratamentos e medicamentos.
A LITERATURA EMPENHADA EM ANTONIO CANDIDO
Authors: Combinato Denise Stefanoni , Crocco Fábio Luiz Tezini
Published: December 2019

Literatura empenhada é o termo utilizado por Antonio Candido para denominar a arte literária comprometida com o enfrentamento dos problemas e das iniquidades sociais. Assim, guiados pelos ensinamentos do professor e crítico literário uspiano sobre a dialética de forma e conteúdo, realizamos neste artigo um estudo sobre a literatura empenhada e sua potencialidade de promover a humanização e a transformação do homem e da sociedade. Analisamos, por fim, as poesias “Congresso Internacional do Medo” e “O medo”, de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, e o conto “Tio André”, de Bernardo Kucinski, com a finalidade de refletir sobre a figuração do nascimento e renascimento do medo nas obras e na vida.
O MÉTODO CRÍTICO DE ANTONIO CANDIDO E A ANÁLISE DA FORMA POÉTICA
Authors: Fogal Alex Alves
Published: December 2019

O objetivo desse artigo é refletir sobre método crítico de Antonio Candido especificamente no que diz respeito aos textos poéticos. Para isso, serão analisados dois textos pouco estudados do autor: Na sala de Aula e O estudo analítico do poema. O foco é tentar demonstrar que esses dois livros, apesar de curtos, demonstram a mesma força crítica que Antonio Candido apresenta em suas obras mais conhecidas. Neles, o crítico ressalta a importância do apego à matéria textual na análise dos poemas, apresentando um modelo de análise que deve sempre ter o concreto como ponto de partida. Junto a isso, coloca em evidência uma noção de forma poética fundamentada por uma reflexão dialética, oposta à ideia de que poesia é somente um jogo de linguagem ou um malabarismo técnico.
A TRANSFIGURAÇÃO DO SOCIAL NO ROMANCE O BERRO DO CORDEIRO EM NOVA YORK
Authors: Camargo Amanda Kristensen de , Seide Márcia Sipavicius
Published: December 2019

Com base nas considerações de Candido sobre sociedade e sobre literatura, propôs-se, na dissertação Nomes próprios no romance contemporâneo O Berro do Cordeiro em Nova York um modelo analítico de nomes mimético-conotativos em continuum. Parte dessa análise aperfeiçoa-se neste artigo, na confirmação do fenômeno de internalização do social na estrutura literária, a partir da alegorização onomínica das relações sociais opressoras. Assim, neste estudo pretende-se exemplificar o processo alegórico-social do nome próprio no romance O berro do Cordeiro em Nova York, bem como confirmar que a realidade externa à obra age estruturalmente e determina sua temática social transformadora.
ESQUEMAS DE LEITURA
Authors: Muraro Andrea Cristina
Published: December 2019

Este texto recupera as anotações de aulas do curso “Seminários de Teoria Literária: ensaios de Antonio Candido”, ministrado pelo prof. Dr. Joaquim Alves de Aguiar, ao longo do primeiro semestre de 2003, no programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria literária e Literatura Comparada da FFLCH-USP. A ideia é refletir sobre alguns dos esquemas ou roteiros de leitura, sugeridos na ementa de curso e lidos de forma a aprofundar a compreensão do pensamento crítico de Antonio Candido.
LİSANS VE ÖNLİSANS ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÜNİVERSİTEDEN BEKLENTİLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ: ÇANAKKALE ONSEKİZ MART ÜNİVERSİTESİ BİGA VE GÖKÇEADA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: UĞUR Suat , DİLBAZ ALACAHAN Nur , AKARSU Yağmur
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışma, 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında Biga Uygulamalı
Bilimler Fakültesi, Biga Meslek Yüksekokulu ve Gökçeada Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda
eğitim gören öğrencilerin Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi’nden
beklentilerini ölçmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gökçeada ve Biga’da ilgili yılda
eğitim gören öğrencilere anket çalışması yapılmış olup verilerin analizinde
SPSS istatistiki paket programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre, Biga Uygulamalı Bilimler
Fakültesinde eğitim gören öğrenciler 3.9 ortalama ile diğer iki okula göre
kütüphane hizmetlerinden memnundur. Gökçeada Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda eğitim
gören öğrenciler 3.5 ortalama ile diğer iki okula göre kantindeki yiyecek
içeceklerin sağlıklı ve lezzetli olduğunu düşünmekle birlikte, okulun sunmuş
olduğu sosyal ve kültürel faaliyetlerden 2.7 ortalama ile diğer iki okula göre
daha iyi olduğu kanısındadır. Sonuç olarak, Gökçeada Meslek Yüksekokulu
öğrencilerinden alınan yanıtların ortalamaları her iki okulun öğrencileri
tarafından verilen cevapların ortalamalarından yüksek bulunmuştur.
Unintended Consequences of Adjacency Claims
Authors: Bradley Miriam
Published: December 2019

This article examines the role of adjacency claims in the development of a norm for the international protection of internally displaced persons (IDP s). Consistent with existing scholarship on adjacency claims, the construction of analogies between refugee protection and IDP protection was instrumental in garnering broad international acceptance of the IDP protection norm. However, these same analogies had an impact beyond the abstract acceptance of the norm. They were used to justify the expansion of the mandate of the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) to encompass IDP s, and they shaped the way UNHCR understands and implements IDP protection. UNHCR replicated its policy approach from refugees to IDP s, generating a dysfunctional approach to IDP protection. Therefore, adjacency claims can have an effect beyond garnering support for new norms, and may result in suboptimal governance arrangements for implementing those norms.
Mussolini’s ‘Third Rome’, Hitler’s Third Reich and the Allure of Antiquity: Classicizing Chronopolitics as a Remedy for Unstable National Identity?
Authors: Roche Helen
Published: December 2019

While it is generally acknowledged that fascist movements tend to glorify the national past of the country in which they arise, sometimes, fascist regimes seek to resurrect a past even more ancient, and more glorious still; the turn towards ancient Greece and Rome. This phenomenon is particularly marked in the case of the two most powerful and indisputably ‘fascist’ regimes of all: Benito Mussolini’s Italy and Adolf Hitler’s Germany. The author suggests that this twin turn towards antiquity was no mere accident, but was rather motivated by certain commonalities in national experience. By placing these two fascist regimes alongside each other and considering their seduction by antique myths in tandem, it is argued that – without putting forward some kind of classicizing Sonderweg – we can better appreciate the historic rootedness of this particular form of ‘chronopolitics’ in a complex nexus of political and social causes, many of which lie far deeper than the traumatic events of the Great War and its aftermath.
Editorial Introduction: Fascist and National Socialist Antiquities and Materialities from the Interwar Era to the Present Day
Authors: Roche Helen , Bartolini Flaminia , Schmalz Timothy J.
Published: December 2019

Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, along with other twentieth-century authoritarian regimes, have often attempted to create consensus through propagandistic reinterpretations of the classical past. The Fascist appropriation of romanità and Nazi philhellenism were not only conditioned by prior cultural receptions of antiquity, but were also a key political tool in motivating and mobilising citizens to fulfil the aims of the fascist state. Once Fascism and Nazism had fallen, the material legacies of both regimes then became the object of destruction, reinterpretation and memory work. Thus, the archaeological and architectural heritage of these regimes, now tainted by their ideology, has not only suffered the consequences of damnatio memoriae in the aftermath of regime change, but continues even today to inflame contemporary public debate. This special issue represents the product of an interdisciplinary workshop exploring these themes, which was held at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, on 8 June 2018.
Revival Thought of Sarfraz Khan in “Muslim Reformist Political Thought, Revivalist, Modernists and Free Will” in Accordance to the Framework of Egyptian Exegetes’ Thoughts (Pemikiran Pembaharuan Sarfraz Khan dalam “Muslim Reformist Political Thought, Revivalists, Modernists and Free Will” Menurut Wacana Pemikiran Mufassir Mesir)
Authors: bin Abdullah Mustaffa , bin Ali Abdul Karim , bin Ariffin Sedek
Published: December 2019

This article discusses the reformist thoughts of Sarfraz Khan as reflected in his ideas about revivalism, modernism and free will and are compared with the Egyptian exegetes’ thoughts of Muhammad Abduh and Muhammad Rashid Rida. Their thoughts are analysed comparatively in order to highlight differences and to measure the degree of their agreement with the established methods of prominent scholars. Two issues have been selected, i.e. Khan’s view of enabling other than Arabic language in observing the prayers, and the issue of predetermination. This study shows that reformist thoughts associated to Khan are in disagreement with Egyptian exegetes’ thoughts and those who are in line with them.
Mulla Sadra’s Ontological Perspective on the Qurʾan
Authors: Musadad Asep N.
Published: December 2019

The uniting of qurʾanic exegesis and Islamic philosophy reached its high point in the works of the great Muslim philosopher Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Širāzī, known as Mulla Sadra (979/1571-1045/1635), who, through the use of transcendental philosophy, brought the Qurʾān into wider philosophical discussions. This paper discusses his ontological notion of the Qurʾān as an integral part of his grand narration on existence (wuğūd). According to him, existence is one single reality but one whose nature is equivocal, which leads to the notion of modes of existence being seen in terms of strength and weakness. In this case, Mulla Sadra viewed the Qurʾān as a mode of existence. The qurʾanic text is an archetype (amṯila) that contains illustrations (amṯāl) of the multiple realities that lie in the higher realm of existence. This view has implications for all Sadra’s ideas related to the Qurʾān and leads to unique notions within the qurʾanic sciences.
The Timor Sea Treaty: An Australian Perspective
Authors: Huntley Ben , Telec Amelia , Whyatt Justin
Published: December 2019

In March 2018, Australia and Timor-Leste signed a treaty in a ceremony in New York, witnessed by the UN Secretary-General, which will permanently delimit their maritime boundaries and establish a special regime over the Greater Sunrise gas fields in the Timor Sea. Not only does this Treaty represent an important milestone in the relationship between the two States, it also marks the successful conclusion of the first-ever conciliation conducted under the dispute resolution provisions of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (unclos). How this untested process led to the ending of the long-running and complex dispute over maritime delimitation in the Timor Sea merits further consideration. This article will provide an Australian perspective on these historic proceedings, focussing on how the process led to a positive outcome for the Parties and the key features of the agreement reached. We will begin by outlining briefly the background to the dispute between Australia and Timor-Leste. We will then consider the nature of the conciliation provisions of unclos, and what makes them unique. We will then explore some of the procedural aspects of the Timor-Leste/Australia Conciliation which led to a successful outcome in the proceedings. Finally, we will outline the key elements of the agreement reached between the Parties.
Social Protection as Dialogue in Transnational Legal Ordering
Authors: Lim Jennifer Daphne
Published: December 2019

Recently, ‘social protection’ has attracted attention as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation. For example, Target 1.3 of the 2015 UN Sustainable Development Goals calls for nationally appropriate social protection systems for all. However, ‘social protection’ has defied common definition to date. Rather, it can denote very different anti-poverty approaches, policies, beneficiaries and end goals. This lack of clarity has led to confusion and contestation between international institutional actors, including the International Monetary Fund and International Labour Organization.

By historically tracing the development of ‘social protection’ within the economics, human rights, development and labour ‘transnational legal orders’, this article argues that different usages reflect diverse and enduring discourses about the root causes of poverty and most effective solutions. In particular, neoliberalism continues to inform the work of international financial institutions, in a way that is misaligned with human rights understandings. This article proposes a new paradigm to advance engagement between different orders, being ‘social protection as dialogue’, to achieve more meaningful legal developments.
André Nel sixtieth anniversary Festschrift

Authors: AZAR DANY , GARROUSTE ROMAIN , ARILLO ANTONIO
Published: December 2019

During the last “International Congress on Fossil Insects, Arthropods and Amber” held this year in the Dominican Republic, we unanimously agreed—in the International Palaeoentomological Society (IPS)—to honor our great colleagues who have given us and the science (and still) significant knowledge on the evolution of fossil insects and terrestrial arthropods over the years. Sure there have been some efforts before in this purpose, undertaken mainly by our esteemed Russian colleagues, and where several of our members in the IPS contributed in edited volumes honoring some of our great scientists.
A new spider (Arachnida: Araneae) from the Middle Eocene Messel Maar, Germany

Authors: SELDEN PAUL A. , WAPPLER TORSTEN
Published: December 2019

The Fossil-Lagerstätte of Grube Messel, Germany, has produced some of the most spectacular fossils of the Paleogene (Schaal & Ziegler, 1992; Gruber & Micklich, 2007; Selden & Nudds, 2012; Schaal et al., 2018). However, few arachnids have been discovered or described from this World Heritage Site. An araneid spider was reported by Wunderlich (1986). Wedmann (2018) reported that 160 spider specimens were known from Messel although, sadly, few are well preserved. She figured the araneid mentioned by Wunderlich (1986) and a nicely preserved hersiliid (Wedmann, 2018: figs 7.8–7.9, respectively). Wedmann (2018) mentioned six opilionids yet to be described, and figured one (Wedmann, 2018: fig. 7.10). Here, we report a new, well preserved spider, Lutetiana neli gen. et sp. nov., the first to be formally described from the locality, which is placed in the Marronoidea (the Marronoid Clade of Wheeler et al., 2017), and possibly in the family Cybaeidae.
Mosquitoes of the extant avian malaria vector Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905 from Eocene Baltic amber (Diptera: Culicidae)

Authors: SZADZIEWSKI RYSZARD , SONTAG ELŻBIETA , SZWEDO JACEK
Published: December 2019

Males of Coquillettidia gedanica sp. nov. and C. adamowiczi sp. nov. from Eocene Baltic amber are described and illustrated. Extant mosquitoes of this genus are natural vectors of avian malaria in tropical Africa. A key for determination of Culicidae from Baltic amber is provided.
Electrodysagrion neli sp. nov., the second Cretaceous dysagrionine damselfly (Odonata: Zygoptera: Dysagrionidae) from Kachin amber, northern Myanmar

Authors: ZHENG DARAN , ZHANG HAICHUN , JARZEMBOWSKI EDMUND A. , WANG BO
Published: December 2019

The dysagrionid damselflies, characterized by a broad quadrilateral discoidal cell, are widely recorded in the Lower Cretaceous–lower Oligocene, and frequently found in mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber (Zheng et al., 2016, 2017a, b, 2018a). Three genera and four species of Dysagrionidae have been described from Kachin amber, including Burmadysagrion zhangi Zheng, Wang & Nel, 2016, Electrodysagrion lini Zheng, Nel & Wang, 2017, Palaeodysagrion cretacicus Zheng et al., 2017 and Palaeodysagrion youlini Zheng, Chang & Wang, 2018 (Zheng et al., 2016, 2017a, b, 2018a). The dysagrionid damselflies have several types of discoidal cells seen in the Kachin amber species, contributing to evaluating the early evolution and diversification of the discoidal cell. For example, Burmadysagrion has the anterior and posterior sides of the discoidal cell not parallel, and the basal side longer than the distal side; Electrodysagrion has the anterior and posterior sides of the discoidal cell not parallel, and distal side longer than the basal side; and Palaeodysagrion has a long and narrow discoidal cell. In the present paper, a new dysagrionine damselfly is described representing the second dysagrionine in Kachin amber. The new damselfly allows for the revision of the generic characters of Electrodysagrion Zheng, Nel & Wang, 2017.
A new Frenguelliidae (Insecta: Odonata) from the Eocene of Arroyo Chacay, Patagonia, Argentina

Authors: PETRULEVIČIUS JULIÁN F.
Published: December 2019

The family Frenguelliidae Petrulevičius & Nel, 2003 was hitherto known from two genera and three species: Frenguellia patagonica Petrulevičius & Nel, 2003, F. iglesiasi Petrulevičius & Nel, 2013 and Treintamilun vuelvenlucha Petrulevičius, 2017. Frenguelliidae is a very interesting group, controversially considered either an Epiproctophora, basal to Euepiproctophora by Petrulevičius & Nel (2003, 2007, 2013) and Petrulevičius et al. (2011), or a Zygoptera by Nel & Arillo (2006), Nel et al. (2008), Lak et al. (2009) and Bechly & Poinar (2013). Only the epiproctophoran hypothesis was discussed and based principally in a putative character of the group, the curved CuP (Petrulevičius & Nel, 2003, 2007, 2013). The zygopteran hypothesis could be reasonably adopted due to the presence in Frenguelliidae of a character which is absent in the basal Epiproctophora: the IR2 aligned with the subnodus (Petrulevičius, 2017). Other characters shared by Frenguelliidae and other Zygoptera are homoplastic and are also present in some Epiproctophora, i.e., arculus nearer to Ax2 than to Ax1 in Cyclothemistidae: Triassoneura (Fujiyama, 1991) and Epiophlebiidae: Mesoepiophlebia (Nel & Jarzembowski, 1996); the lack of pterostigmal brace in Campterophlebiidae: Ctenogampsophlebia (Petrulevičius et al., 2011); absence of secondary antenodals could also occur in Triassoneura. The morphology of the new species does not contradict the hypothesis postulated by Petrulevičius & Nel (2003, 2007, 2013) about the phyletic position of the group which remains uncertain and its resolution exceeds the possibility of the present work but is a nice topic for future research.
Discovery of a new species of Gonatopus (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae) from Colombia
Authors: SPERANZA STEFANO , OLMI MASSIMO , CAPRADOSSI LEONARDO , GUGLIELMINO ADALGISA
Published: December 2019

Gonatopus duranprietoae sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae: Gonatopodinae) from Colombia is described and illustrated. This new species belongs to Gonatopus group 7. In this group, G. duranprietoae is similar to G. peruvianus Olmi, from Peru. The main difference between these two species is the shape of the metanotum: in G. duranprietoae lateral regions with two small pointed protrusions, which are absent in G. peruvianus. The key to the Neotropical species of Gonatopus group 7 is modified to include this new species.
Effects of a Digital Self-care Intervention in Adults with COPD: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bugajski Andrew , Frazier Susan K. , Cousin Lakeshia , Rechenberg Kaitlyn , Brown Jaelyn , Lengerich Alexander J. , Moser Debra K. , Lennie Terry A.
Published: December 2019

Self-care improves quality of life, and reduces exacerbations and mortality risk in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of this report is to describe the development and testing of the feasibility and acceptability of a digital, educational self-care intervention designed to improve self-care ability, adherence, knowledge, somatic symptoms, anxiety, and depressive symptoms.

This pilot study was a quasi-experimental, repeated measures design. Self-care behaviors were identified, and educational modules were developed and built into a web-based platform. Twenty participants were enrolled to determine feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy.

The intervention was deemed acceptable and feasible as evidenced by > 95% completion rates and high degree of participation. Overall, the intervention was well received and is feasible for future home-based interventions in those with COPD. Results included significant improvements in adherence and knowledge, and significant associations between self-care ability, adherence, and depressive symptoms.
Combination of 16S rRNA and procalcitonin in diagnosis of neonatal clinically suspected sepsis
Authors: Yu Renqiang , Zhou Qin , Jiang Shanyu , Mei Yingzi , Wang Min
Published: December 2019

Objective

To investigate the application of 16S rRNA in diagnosing patients with neonatal sepsis.

Methods

We studied 60 consecutive neonatal patients with clinically suspected sepsis and 20 non-infective cases as controls. All patients were diagnosed with sepsis by clinical and experimental criteria. Clinical characteristics were recorded and 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted for all patients. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the detection methods were analyzed.

Results

The detection limit of 16S rRNA sequencing was 1 × 102 CFU/mL. For suspected sepsis, the positive rate of 16S rRNA detection was 93.3%, which was similar to that of procalcitonin detection (85%), and was significantly higher than that of bacterial culture (51.7%). The specificity of procalcitonin detection (74.1%) was significantly lower than that of 16S rRNA detection (100%). Moreover, the combination of 16S rRNA and procalcitonin detection showed a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 74.1%, and accuracy of 92.0%. For proven sepsis, the sensitivity and specificity of 16S rRNA detection were both 100.0%, and those for procalcitonin were 87.1% and 87.0%, respectively.

Conclusion

Detection of 16S rRNA has high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing sepsis. The combination of 16S rRNA and procalcitonin has even better sensitivity with acceptable specificity.
The lost Spitzenkandidaten and the future of European democracy
Authors: Dawson Mark
Published: December 2019

This editorial critically examines the decision of EU leaders not to follow the ‘Spitzenkandidaten’ procedure when recently nominating the new President of the European Commission. It does so by situating that decision in a consociational model of democracy, that seeks to share political authority rather than link it directly to electoral processes. As the editorial argues, this model leaves the EU exposed to elitist critique and sits uneasily with certain aspects of Article 17(7) TEU. The review and renewal of the Spitzenkandidaten system promised by the incoming Commission President is thus sorely needed.
“Things Are Different Now But”: Older LGBT Adults’ Experiences and Unmet Needs in Health Care
Authors: Burton Candace W. , Lee Jung-Ah , Waalen Anders , Gibbs Lisa M.
Published: December 2019

Background: Approximately 2.7 million U.S. older adults self-identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT). Many felt unsafe revealing their sexual orientation until relatively recently, and may still not be “out” to medical providers. The aim of this study was to increase understanding of the experiences and needs of older LGBT adults when accessing care. Method: Individual semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 individuals aged 65 years or older from a local LGBT community. Interviews were audio taped and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analyzed via thematic analysis. Results: Major themes were “Outness,” “Things are Different Now,” and “Additional Resources.” These describe participant comfort with being “out”; how treatment they received changed over time, and needed services or other options from the community. Conclusion: While many older LGBT adults are accustomed to navigating social mores to avoid negative experiences, nurses as well as other health care providers must be prepared to create trusting relationships with these individuals to provide truly comprehensive care.
Deep brain stimulation for early-onset dystonia
Authors: Wen Yongxin , Yang Haibo , Bao Xinhua
Published: December 2019

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is considered as a treatment option for many neurological diseases. Many patients with movement disorders exhibit remarkable improvement after DBS. Owing to its minimally invasive nature, reversibility, and adjustability, DBS has been increasingly used over the past several decades. Dystonia is one of the most common movement disorders among children, and there is no effective treatment. Recently, some surgeon groups have performed DBS surgery for children. However, the outcomes of DBS in children are not well characterized. Here we mainly discuss the efficacy of DBS against childhood-onset dystonia and introduce the main procedure of pediatric DBS based on our own experience.