bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the impact of hand washing education on the knowledge and practice of third-grade students in Tehran
Authors: Modabber Maryam , Mohammadi Maryam
Published: August 2022

Background and Aim: Proper hand washing can prevent the spread of disease. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hand washing education program on knowledge and practices of student aged 8-9 years. Methods: The present study is an experimental non-randomized clinical trial with a control group. One girl school and one boy school were selected as the experimental group and one boy school and one girl school were selected as the control group. Random sampling was performed and 38 people were included in the experimental group and 38 people were included in the control group. To collect data in both groups, a general questionnaire, a knowledge questionnaire, and a checklist for hand washing practice were used. The educational program for 9-year-old children was held in 3 sessions of 20-25 minutes and in groups of 3-5 people, for 3 consecutive days. Three weeks after the education, the knowledge questionnaire was completed by the students and the practice checklist was completed in collaboration with the health instructor.
Effect of water-based polymers of cement base with fly ash on the stress and strain of concrete in the metro segment
Authors: Arjmand Mehdi
Published: August 2022

This Research Aimed To Examine The Effect Of Water-Based Polymers Of Cement Base With Fly Ash On The Displacement Of Concrete In The Urban Metro Segment. The Mix Variants Of The Study Are Comprised Of 2 Water/Cement Ratios Of 0.5 And 0.45, Each Of Which Has Four Weight Ratios (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) Of Fly Ash Added To The Cement, Amassing Eight Different Mixes. Moreover, 150x150x150 Mm Cubic Molds Were Used For Sample Preparation And Sampling. Nine Cubic Samples Were Retrieved From Each Mixing Scheme. After Removing The Samples From The Mold, They Were Compressed For 7, 28 And 42 Days. The Findings Indicated That The Concrete Samples Of The Variant With The Water/Cement Ratio Of 0.45 And Fly Ash/Cement Ratio Of 15% Exhibited Maximum Strength. The Maximum Displacement Values ​​Before The Earthquake Were 12.4 Cm In The Vertical Direction For Concrete With Fly Ash And 18.4 Cm For The Applied Concrete. After The Earthquake, These Values ​​Were 25.4 Cm And 36.4 Cm, Respectively. Also, The Displacement Values In The X Direction Have Decreased By 5 To 6 Cm At Different Loading Steps.
Topical interferon Alpha-2b in refractory limbal vernal keratoconjunctivitis: a case report
Authors: Akbari Mitra
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To report our experience of managing a steroid resistant limbal vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) by topical interferon alpha-2b (IFN- 2b) eye drops. Methods: Case report Results: A 20-year-old man was referred to our cornea clinic with the chief complaints of itching and photophobia in eyes and foreign body sensation, redness, and ptosis in a both eyes. He had a 10-year history of gradually enlarging limbal gelatinous masses on both eyes, which according to the other signs and impression cytology (IC) was diagnosed as a VKC. As the disease in his left eye was more severe and persistent with maximum topical steroid usage, we started the topical IFN- 2b eye drops, that a rapid therapeutic response was observed. After three months of using the topical IFN- 2b all ocular surface inflammation and other symptoms rapidly disappeared and we continued this drug till another 3 months, at 12-months follow-up, there was no recurrence of the limbal papillary hypertrophic lesions and other signs and symptoms of VKC. Conclusion: In a refractory VKC, topical IFN- 2b can be used and enhance remission in such complex cases and can resolve patient’s complains rapidly.
Prevalence of patellofemoral pain among medical students in Egypt
Authors: Youssef Enas Fawzy , Hassan Karima Abdelaty , Shanab Mahmoud Elsayed , Habash Mohamed Yasser , Abdelaal Sama Mohamed Ahmed , Hegazy Mohammed Moustafa Aldosouki
Published: August 2022

Background: There is a wide variation of the prevalence of patellofemoral pain (PFP), there is limited studies concerning the prevalence of PFPS in Arabic population and specifically medical students in the universities. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of PFP in the medical students of Cairo University (aged 18–25 years) using a self-report online questionnaire. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Cairo city on 532 medical students of age 18-25 years. Data was collected through online questionnaire. Results: Overall prevalence rate of PFP was 28.76%. PFP was higher in females than males (23.5% and 5.3%, respectively), it was insignificantly associated with BMI, time of sitting with bending knee (P>0.05), while significantly associated with time of standing (P<0.05). Conclusions: Patellofemoral pain is common among young active medical students in Cairo University with higher prevalence in females than males.
Microbiological profile and anti-microbial susceptibility pattern of isolates from endo tracheal aspirate and endo tracheal tube tips in ICU patients
Authors: Kar Amruta , Pattanaik Swetalona , Nayak Sarita Kumari , Kumar Deepak , Abdul Nishath Sayed , Shenoy Mahesh , Shivakumar G C
Published: August 2022

Background: There has been a surge of sufferers contracting healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) in recent times. This has been further exacerbated by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic which, beginning in 2020, has severely affected the majority of the world's nations, and one of the biggest problems caused by this infection was the high number of patients who required critical care. Aim: We sought to identify the microbiological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from tracheal aspirate and endotracheal tube (ETT) tips of patients who had to undergo ICU admittance. Methodology: We isolated a total of 150 microbial samples from 131 patients, of which 97 came from endo tracheal aspirates and the remaining 53 samples were obtained from ETT tips, following which the isolation and identification of bacteria was then done according to requisite microbiological assays. The Kirby-Bauer Technique with Mueller-Hinton agar was used to conduct the antimicrobial susceptibility testing in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2016 standards. Results: 53 (35%) of the 150 total specimens were from ETT tips, whereas 97 (65%) came from tracheal aspirates. 101 (67%) of the organisms were gram-negative, and 49 (33%) were gram-positive.
Efektivitas Pengembalian Dana Pinjaman Kelompok Simpan Pinjam Perempuan (SPP) PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan
Authors: Mahmud Mahmud , Nuddin Andi , Sitti Halimah Andi
Published: August 2022

Women's Savings and Loans (SPP) is a PNPM-MP program that provides capital to women's groups in the form of savings and loan funds for those who already have a business. In general, the activity aims to develop the potential of rural savings and loan activities, the ease of access to micro-scale business funding, the fulfillment of basic social funding needs, strengthen institutional activities for women, and encourage the prevention of poor households (RTM). The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of loan repayments and describe the obstacles for group members in repaying the loan funds. By the simple analysis, the data obtained from the questionnaire will be tabulated to determine the rate of return on revolving fund loans in the SPP program. The primary and secondary data obtained will be analyzed with a qualitative descriptive analysis by comparing conditions in the field with targets, indicators, and other measures set by PNPM Mandiri in Rural Areas. The study results showed that the effectiveness of loan repayments for the women-only savings and loans group decreased due to the increase in collectibility. On the other hand, the obstacles of repaying loan funds include the number of funds not adjusted to the scale of the business, not having a sense of responsibility in the use and repayment of loan funds, weak knowledge of entrepreneurship, and the inoperability of the joint responsibility system in groups.
Locative prepositions “at, in, on” and translation to Vietnamese representational meaning
Authors: Tuyet Hanh Nguyen Thi
Published: August 2022

Starting with the role of the reference frame under the influence of the perspective culture of the British and Vietnamese  used as a cognitive premise of translation, the article presents the rationale for the procurement process on reasons, similarities, and differences in the representational meaning. The representational meaning of differences between the English locative preposition “at, in, on” and the corresponding linguistic units of Vietnamese through a particular communication context. According to the research results, when the reference object (DTQC) of the English locative position in the reference system is assimilated with the Vietnamese speaker [similar to the reference frame of the reference system], the translation semantics of the locative prepositions which is ​​"at, in, on" is like the expression representational semantics of the corresponding units in Vietnamese. The dissimilarity of the reference frames results in different structural semantics.
The Treatment of the Anterior Crossbit using an Eruption Guide Appliance with Different Thicknesses: Case Report
Authors: Gabriele Tranfa
Published: August 2022

An anterior crossbite can be functional, when there is a precontact that generates a mandibular protrusion, or skeletal, a characteristic and early sign of a Class III. An anterior crossbite, both functional and skeletal, if not treated, can lead to a sharp worsening of the malocclusion, causing psychosocial and functional inconveniences. The use of eruption guide appliances (EGA) with different thicknesses can approach this problem very effectively and quickly. In addition, the usability of the device allows to get an excellent collaboration from the patient.
The effect of globalization, income and tourism on environment: An empirical analysis
Authors: Ozcan Ceyhun Can , Gerceker Mustafa , Ozmen Ibrahim , Mucuk Mehmet
Published: August 2022

This study investigates the impact of globalization, real income, and tourism on the environment in top 10 destinations that attract the most tourists, using panel unit root, panel cointegration, and panel cointegration estimators for the period between 1995 and 2014. Panel cointegration test results show that the series moves together in the long run. According to the long-run panel estimator results, an increase in real income negatively affects the environment in China, France, Spain, Thailand, and the UK. Tourism decreases environmental degradation in Germany, Italy, the UK, and the United States. Globalization reduces environmental degradation in France and the UK. The short-run panel estimator shows that an increase in real income in all countries, except China, increases environmental degradation. Tourism decreases environmental degradation in Mexico and increases it in Spain. Finally, globalization contributes to the reduction of environmental degradation in Italy.
Tourism contribution to the SDGs: applying a well-being lens
Authors: Dwyer Larry
Published: August 2022

Human well-being is an essential dimension of sustainable development. This implies that an understanding of well-being outcomes and associated indicators is necessary to determine the success of the global tourism industry in meeting the SDG 2030 Agenda. It is argued that assessment of tourism’s progress toward achievement of the SDGs is incomplete without a full accounting of the outcomes of tourism development on human well-being. In addition to standard indicators of tourism industry performance, a ‘well-being lens’ is proposed comprising indicators that inform tourism stakeholders about changes in resident well-being, promoting sustainable development, and enabling a more comprehensive assessment of tourism’s progress in fulfilling each SDG. The implications of this original proposal for tourism participation in the 2030 SDG agenda are highlighted and discussed.
Sustainability dimensions and World Heritage Site management: the case of the Royal Alcazar of Seville, Spain
Authors: Fresneda-Fuentes Silvia , De Fuentes-Ruiz Pilar , Lobo-Gallardo Antonio
Published: August 2022

The management of a World Heritage Site must have an intergenerational and sustainable perspective that leads to the development and implementation of policies for its sustainability. The purpose of this research is to expand knowledge on whether and how World Heritage Sites include sustainability dimensions in their management processes. Sustainability is envisioned as a multifaceted concept made up of financial, heritage, sociocultural, and environmental perspectives. A case study has been carried out at the Royal Alcazar of Seville, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987. The findings highlight how sustainability dimensions intertwine with its management system. They also indicate that the financial and heritage dimensions are those that remain the most developed and that sociocultural and environmental dimensions are gaining prominence in management processes. Managers of other heritage sites can benefit from this research by acknowledging the role that all dimensions of sustainability play in the management processes of their organisations.
Indicators for measuring tourism intensification in urban areas through their associative network: Case studies from the Spanish Mediterranean coast
Authors: Chamizo-Nieto Francisco José , Nebot-Gómez de Salazar Nuria , Rosa-Jiménez Carlos , Reyes-Corredera Sergio
Published: August 2022

Clustering of tourism-related activities leads to tourism gentrification because of urban tourism. This study proposes a methodology for identifying pattern of tourism intensification in cities. The main objectives were to conduct an in-depth measurement of tourism intensification and to consider the conflict of interest between stakeholders involved. The proposed indicator system is based on several variables measured by neighbourhoods as territorial units: citizen initiatives, population and tourist accommodations and facilities. All indicators were tested in two Spanish port cities: Malaga and Valencia. Geographic Information System mapping showed common patterns in both cities, such as tertiary use concentrated in the old town, new tourist offers around it, and emerging clusters far away. Statistical analysis showed a high spatial correlation between neighbourhoods with several citizen initiatives and a wide range of Airbnb listings or cultural facilities. The spatial analysis and correlations between tourism intensification indicators may serve as a basis for local administrations to propose an urban policy that deals with overtourism in the short and medium terms. This work serves as a basis for new research on urban tourism: redefinition and addition of variables, as well as further development of comparative case studies or field studies that check the datasets.
Types of affiliation in the hotel sector – an insight into the Portuguese experience
Authors: Almeida Sofia , Costa Carlos , Simões José
Published: August 2022

This study analyses the types of affiliation in the hotel sector and identifies the factors that affect the choice of affiliation. Accordingly, this study’s objectives are: i) to analyse managers’ perceptions regarding the most appropriate type of affiliation; and ii) to uncover the factors that influence the type of affiliation they choose. Data was collected through a questionnaire. Findings show that management contracts and marketing consortia are adequate affiliation types for four- and five-star hotels. The terms of the contract, followed by the chain’s affiliation strategy, were the most important factors that most influence this choice. Limitations, theoretical and managerial contributions are presented in the end.
Financial Toxicity as an Unforeseen Side Effect of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Hobbs Misty
Published: August 2022

A 32-year-old male with a history of ulcerative colitis diagnosed at age 26 presented to our emergency department with an episode of bloody diarrhea, marked abdominal cramping, subjective fever, and nausea. Work-up, including the consideration of an infectious cause, revealed an acute ulcerative colitis flare, with severe proctocolitis visualized with flexible sigmoidoscopy. He had no other past medical history besides tobacco use, for which he was recently “cutting back.” Further history elicited that he had been experiencing acute flares 2-3 times per year since his diagnosis, which caused many missed days from his work as a waiter and loss of vacation time. At one point, he was let go from a job due to these missed days and subsequently went temporarily without insurance. He had planned to begin stepped up treatment with biologics at the time, but could no longer afford it. In total, he accumulated around $10,000 in debt for his medical expenses. By this current admission, he had secured a new job, for which he was to begin before this flare prevented him from doing so. He was given IV steroids and supportive care, and ultimately discharged with an oral steroid taper and scheduled infliximab infusions.
Weight-Stigma: A Barrier Likely to Persist in Future Physicians and What We Can Do to Intervene
Authors: E. Walton-Ball Erin , D. Vered Michael
Published: August 2022

Individuals affected by obesity are a commonly stigmatized group in the United States, with physicians being amongst those who carry negative views toward these individuals. As patients, individuals with obesity experience stigma in medical settings through substandard clinical interactions and have reported avoiding seeking healthcare due to this stigma. The current review elicits the perceptions of patients with obesity in medical students and the effects of these perceptions on medical students’ abilities to manage patients with obesity. Finally, this review considers the use of a variety of educational interventions for decreasing stigmatization of patients with obesity in medical students.
Mental Health and Substance Use in Colorado Healthcare and Graduate Students During COVID-19: A Mixed-Methods Investigation
Authors: Chandnani Arun , Coburn William , Fichtner Justin , Hakimi Ali , Huang Jin , T. Liu Ian , Neilson Taylor , Su Malcolm , Tran Wesley , Coors Marilyn
Published: August 2022

Background The COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact mental health by exacerbating anxiety, fear, and substance use worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated increased substance use and declining mental health in students abroad, but no investigation has assessed the COVID-19 pandemic’s effects on mental health and substance use in graduate and healthcare students in the United States. Objective Researchers sought to quantify and qualify the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic’s impacts on Colorado graduate and healthcare students’ mental health and substance use, hypothesizing that greater COVID-19-related fear would correlate with higher substance use rates across metrics. Methods Investigators utilized an online, institutionally-distributed, mixed-methods survey to assess quantitative and qualitative changes in various mental health metrics and substance use in Colorado healthcare and graduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic from June 2020 to February 2021. An augmented Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) academic survey served as the primary data collection vessel. Results Students who reported higher levels of depression, exhaustion, loneliness, nervousness, and anger had significantly higher FCV-19S scores. Higher FCV-S19 scores were also significantly associated with increased levels of alcohol consumption, binge drinking, and cannabis use. Qualitative analysis elucidated recurring themes regarding use frequency, substances used, and the reasons underlying use. Further qualitative analysis revealed three common student concerns: worries regarding the length of the pandemic, its social impact, and educational/financial impact. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the well-being of Colorado healthcare and graduate students, directly increasing substance use while simultaneously exacerbating feelings of fear, anxiety, and helplessness.
The COVID-19 Stimulus Bill –Inclusion of the Medicaid Reentry Act is Critical to Justice-Involved Individuals
Authors: Lantsman Jacqueline
Published: August 2022

At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, legislators had the opportunity to either double-down, by reinforcing the inhumane conditions of confinement, or to employ public health systems to intervene in mass incarceration. The direction legislators chose is made clear by the 152,955 cases of coronavirus across prisons, as of October 20th.  After months of advocates demanding justice-involved individuals and correctional facilities receive assistance in the COVID-19 stimulus bill, the newly revised House bill includes language from the bipartisan Medicaid Reentry Act. While this inclusion does not take federal action to protect individuals from COVID-19 while incarcerated, it takes a large step to improving public health systems ability to intercept reentering individuals. This is also the first time Congress has voted to recognize the opportunity for Medicaid to operate in the correctional environment. In recognizing this opportunity, Congress inadvertently is commenting on the issue of directing health care funding to the criminal legal system – currently a very divisive issue.
Analysis of Transmission Rates in Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients in a Community Hospital Setting
Authors: A. Hughes Casey , Boeding Thomas , Desai Sanjay , Westbrook Katherine , Christian Constance , Patel Akash , Hoang Ti , Magadia Raul
Published: August 2022

Since January 20, 2020, there have been 4,405,932 cases of COVID-19 in the United States as of July 30, 2020 (1). The virus has been shown to spread via person-to-person transmission (2). There have been several reports of individual that have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, but are otherwise asymptomatic (3, 4, 5, 6).  Infectivity of asymptomatic carriers is imperative to the understanding of the disease process and has the potential to be a major public health challenge.  This study was conducted at the Regional Medical Center, a community hospital in Anniston, AL.  We examined the outcomes of healthcare workers that were in contact with two patients that were asymptomatic during their stay, but were subsequently found to be positive upon discharge. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the risks of SARS-CoV-2 spread in asymptomatic patients with a focus on transmission to healthcare workers.
The COVID-19 Lockdowns Will Have Profound Consequences on Our Memories
Authors: Kirichenko David
Published: August 2022

Over the last year, many of us have found ourselves partaking in the same daily routines; the effects are gradual, but the loss of novelty in our lives is unmistakable. While some people have been isolated at home, others have been fighting to save lives while risking their own in emergency rooms. Whether we are front line workers dealing with COVID-19 or someone who has lost a loved one, or even trying to raise a family and educate our children - we are all experiencing stress and trauma. In addition to the long-term ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic on our mental health, our perception of time and the formation of our memories are being impacted. Therefore, finding ways to combat or ameliorate the effects of memory degradation under lockdowns is essential. We can all agree that time has been passing by in a strange manner since we went into lockdown, and our perception of time is crucial in the formation of memories. It has become harder to differentiate the workday from personal time - and even weekdays from weekends when no day is different from the next. The covid-19 pandemic is causing long-term ramifications regarding mental health. The effects are gradual, but the loss of novelty in our lives is unmistakable. It also impacts our ability to form new memories, leading us to feeling that time is moving faster than it once was (Ogden, 2020).
Direct Observation, Estimates, and Correlates of Public Mask-Wearing During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: R Vest Joshua , Cash-Goldwasser Shama , Bandali Elhaam , Peters Bergquist Eleanor , Holly Karen , Caine Virginia , K Halverson Paul , J. Embi Peter
Published: August 2022

Objectives To estimate the prevalence of public mask-wearing in various settings through direct observation. Self-report mask-wearing is susceptible to recall bias and a desire by respondents to appear socially responsible. Direct observation of public behavior does not face such limitations and can provide differentiation between correct and incorrect mask-wearing. Methods Trained observers recorded public behavior between 11/01/2020-12/31/2020 at 37 sites across Marion County, Indiana. For each individual observed, data collection staff recorded a status of “masked,” “non-masked” or “partial mask.” “Masked” was defined as the presence of any cloth face covering or surgical mask that covered the mouth and nose, including the nostrils, and extended below the chin. “Non-masked” was defined as the complete absence of a face covering, a face covering that was worn only below the chin, a face covering held in a hand, a face covering hanging off an ear, or a face shield only. “Partial mask” was defined as the face covering only over the mouth or over the nose, but not both, or the nose being partially covered with the nostrils somewhat or fully visible. Results 80% of adults wore face masks correctly and an additional 9% were partially masked. The prevalence of mask-wearing was lowest in outdoor spaces (54%) as well as in small retail stores (58%). Higher rates of mask usage were observed at large organizations like grocery stores and “big box” retailers (84%), shopping malls (85%), civic and government sites (86%), or higher education settings (88%). Mask-wearing was more common among females (84%) than males (76%); males had a higher percentage of partial mask-wearing. Conclusions While public health professionals and agencies encourage universal mask-wearing in public settings, observed levels may still be sufficient to reduce the spread of COVID-19.
The COVID-19 Pandemic in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Shehata Dina , Tareq Al-Hadeethi Ban , Bahaddin Ibrahim Zheen , Sabeeh Al-Lami Bareq , Mohammed Qader San , Maqdasy Reveen , Nasih Mohammad Aya , Fadhil Nabee Van , Mebashar Hassan Awaz , Abdalkraem Ibrahim Othman , Mohammed Rashid Alaa
Published: August 2022

Kurdistan Region of Iraq is an autonomous region in Northern Iraq. It borders Iran to the east, Turkey to the north, and Syria to the west, along with the rest of Iraq to the south. The regional capital is Erbil. The region is officially governed by the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) [1] .The region has four governorates, Duhok, Erbil, Sulymaniah, and Halabja as illustrated in Figure 1. With a population of 5.2 million and increasing, the region covers approximately 40,000 square kilometers. The majority of the region’s population are Kurds. In addition to that, Assyrians, Turkmen, Arabs, Armenians, Yezidis, Shabaks and Mandeans live in the region [1]. The establishment of the Kurdistan region dates back to 1970. In March 1970 an autonomy agreement was signed with Baghdad that declared autonomy for the region. Despite of the agreement, disputes remain between the central Iraqi government and the Kurdish government about predominantly Kurdish territories outside the current borders of Iraqi Kurdistan. According to that last census, 35% of the population are under the age of 15, 60% are in the active age group (16-64), and 4% are 65 and older with an estimated population growth rate of 2.54% [1].
Yemen Health Care Crisis: Challenges in Yemen During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: M. Al-Rshoud Firas , Mohammed Abujledan Haya , Tawfik ALsanabani Nusaibah , Abdullah Qudsi Azmi , Idris Koya Abdulmalik , AL.Akash Hazar , Talib Hashim
Published: August 2022

Yemen is one of the poorest countries in the world. It suffers from a genuine crisis in all areas, the most important of which is the health sector. Yemen has been suffering from conflicts for the last six years, and a high percentage of the population is dependent on international aid. After the worldwide spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the virus that causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the first laboratory-confirmed case was announced in Yemen on April 10, 2020. Since then, as of 22 December 2020, 2,091 confirmed cases and 607 deaths have been reported. These numbers are not trustworthy because many cases are hidden by Houthi rebels (14). Citizens took the necessary precautions out of fear of infection, such as imposing quarantines, closing airports, and restricting public gatherings (1,8,14). Quarantines are only imposed in some cities in the southern part of the country, while the part controlled by Houthi rebels is not well organized in terms of imposing quarantines, and schools were opened due to the lack of technical devices and internet for online education.
Reflections on One of the World’s Harshest COVID-19 Lockdowns, and on the Possibility of Eliminating COVID-19 in Australia
Authors: K. McCosker Laura
Published: August 2022

The first case of COVID-19 in Australia was diagnosed on January 25, 2020 (Australian Government Department of Health, 2020), at about the same time as the first case in the US. Within a fortnight, the virus was present in at least three of Australia’s eight major states/territories, and community transmission was occurring (Liebig et al., 2020). By March 18, Australia had recorded a cumulative total of 567 COVID-19 cases and 5 deaths, and the federal government declared the virus to be a biosecurity emergency (COVID-19 Data, 2020; Our World in Data, 2020; Parliament of Australia, 2020a). All of Australia’s state/territory government subsequently implemented lockdowns, asking people to work and study from home, closing non-essential businesses, banning unnecessary travel, and prohibiting mass gatherings (Parliament of Australia, 2020b). Australia also implemented a variety of other responses – for example: vigorously tracing the contacts of known cases, forcibly isolating those contacts, limiting and quarantining international travelers, undertaking extensive testing (including of asymptomatic people), and limiting access to high-risk groups (including those in residential care settings). By the first week of April, we had effectively ‘flattened the curve’ (COVID-19 Data, 2020). Our COVID-19 response was celebrated as “among the most successful in the world” (Duckett & Stobart, 2020).
Disability, Depression, and Dogs During Covid-19: Is There a Relationship?
Authors: D. Molina Liza
Published: August 2022

Human-dog interaction has long been recognized for its therapeutic value. Studies have consistently demonstrated that physical interaction with dogs is associated with a decrease in mental health challenges such as stress, anxiety, and fear (Barcelos et al., 2020). Nearly a decade ago, a meta-analysis of 69 evidence-based studies reported a wide range of health benefits of human-animal interactions (HAI) in humans with and without special physical or mental health conditions (Beetz et al.2012). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American adults meet the criteria for mild (11.5%), moderate (4.2%), and major (2.8%) forms of depression (Villarroel & Terlizzi, 2020). However, since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of depression in the United States has increased over three-fold to 27.8 percent in April, 2020 (Ettman et al., 2020).
Community-level Factors Associated with COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality in Queens, New York City
Authors: Gunness Harlem
Published: August 2022

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound and disproportionate effect on poor and vulnerable communities in Queens, New York. Community-level factors are likely the root causes of these disparities. Using publicly available data, we conducted a descriptive analysis by examining community-level factors among two communities in New York City: a district with the highest rates of COVID-19 cases and a district with the highest rate of COVID-19 deaths. We extracted data on demographics, health status, access to healthcare, socioeconomic conditions, and environmental characteristics on these two communities from public records on June 11, 2020. The community with the highest rate of COVID-19 cases had lower education, limited English proficiency, and severe overcrowding. In contrast, the community with the highest rate of deaths experiences more health disparities, avoidable hospitalizations, and premature deaths. This study adds to the existing literature on COVID-19 affecting vulnerable communities with high incidence and mortality.
Telerehabilitation for COVID-19 Patients in India: Problem to Solution
Authors: Garg Pranjal , Muthiah Saidharshini , Singla Chirag
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 has taken a massive toll on the planet, claiming over 3 million lives and infecting nearly 150 million people. (1) This highly contagious multisystem disease is caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 strain. Originating in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the infection rapidly pervaded the globe, being declared a public health emergency by the WHO on January 30, 2020, and a pandemic on March 11, 2020. (2) Despite closely resembling the SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV, the causative agents of two global pandemics in 2003, the SARS-CoV-2 varies widely in the presentation instead of the predicted trajectory. (3) Significant progress has been made in understanding the virus, the infection, and developing treatment protocols. Nevertheless, the long-term effects of COVID remain unknown.
Zeuxine affinis (Lindl.) Benth. Ex Hook.f. (Orchidaceae) – First report of its occurrence in Arunachal Pradesh
Authors: Bhattacharjee Avishek , Chowdhery H. , Agrawala D. , Sabapathy C.
Published: August 2022

Zeuxine affinis (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. (Orchidaceae), hitherto known from other parts of India is reported for the first time from Arunachal Pradesh. The same is described and illustrated in the present paper.
Exclusion of Schoenus nigricans L., Rhynchospora triflora Vahl, Scleria foliosa Hochst., & Scleria reticulata (Holtt.) Kern (Cyperaceae) from flora of India
Authors: Dey Sangita , Prasanna Parigi
Published: August 2022

The distribution of Rhynchospora triflora Vahl, Schoenus nigricans L. Scleria floiosa Hochst. ex A. Pich. and Scleria reticulate (Holtt.) Kern is discussed in this commnnication.
A Qualitative Case Study on Reading Practices and Habits of High School Students
Authors: Al-Buraiki Sheikha Ali
Published: August 2022

Reading has been identified as an indicator of successful academic achievement. The present qualitative study explored reading literacy practices of Omani adolescent students. Three high school students participated in semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed four main factors that determined their reading practices: motivation to read, home literacy practices, students' reading rituals, and digital literacy practices. These four factors were discussed in light of other related topics which included reading interest and school reading activities as they influenced students' motivation to read, and parental involvement and availability of home library as examples of home literacy practices. Furthermore, students' reading rituals were discussed considering their quest for meaning, pre-reading preparation tasks, and preferred time of day to read, whereas the digital literacy factor encompassed the sub-topics of internet and mobile applications and the role of other devices provoking reading interest. Understanding the reading literacy practices of adolescent learners offers insights into how to develop effective strategies to improve those practices. These insights can subsequently aid educators and parents in their reading instruction and ability to be productively involved in their children’s reading literacy development, respectively. Moreover, other students may learn from their peers’ successful reading practices.
The Indigenous Vision of Ecology in The Storyteller by Mario Vargas Llosa
Authors: Monika K. , Meenakshi S.
Published: August 2022

The contributions of Mario Vargas Llosa, along with other “boom” writers, to Latin American literature have drawn attention to Third World literature. His novels, apart from functioning on multidirectional social issues, create an awareness of the environmental issues of the Amazons. Concerning ecological issues, postcolonial countries face more crises compared to developed countries. Literary works focusing on environmental degradation emerge from these countries. Llosa’s The Storyteller is an ecocritical novel that can provoke a revaluation of man-nature interactions through an exploration of Indigenous culture. This article is an attempt to bring out the Indigenous vision of ecology as present in the novel The Storyteller by Llosa. It also advocates the need for critical analysis of postcolonial novels, which will reveal connections between imperialism, environmental degradation, capitalism, and cultural hegemony.
Supply chains under pressure: How can data science help?
Authors: Warin Thierry
Published: August 2022

The world has changed and companies are facing a perfect storm, with catastrophic risks that have a very low probability of occurrence, but for which the consequences are enormous. The war in Ukraine is impacting global supply chains already constrained by the COVID-19 pandemic. Ukraine is responsible for about 70% of the world's neon and Russia controls 44% of the world's supply of palladium, both of which are essential inputs in semiconductor production. Semiconductors are themselves essential to the manufacture of cars, smartphones or even medical equipment. With Taiwan producing nearly two-thirds of the world's semiconductors, China's move to reunify with the island of Taiwan raises significant concerns. In this complex geopolitical context, some companies are considering reshoring or nearshoring, i.e. the repatriation of specific activities within national ou regional borders. Is this the right solution or not? In this short text, Thierry Warin, Fellow CIRANO and responsible of the CIRANO Pole on Data Science for Trade and Intermodal Transportationfor argues that the solutions to recent complex supply problems must themselves be complex. We need to use the tools we have access to today: massive data, computing power and new methods of analysis. The global trade system must adapt to a new technological paradigm, that of artificial intelligence and data science. The alternative of using the same mental patterns as in the past and proposing binary solutions is no longer acceptable today. There is no more time to lose.
Rota bioceânica e a rede de universidades – Unirila: potencialidades e práticas inovadoras da universidade nacional de Jujuy
Authors: De Almeida Aline Carvalho , Silva Érika Santos
Published: August 2022

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo a exploração das potencialidades e práticas inovadoras no que tange à Universidade Nacional de Jujuy (UNJu), localizada na capital da província de Jujuy em San Salvador de Jujuy na Argentina bem como apresentar seu contexto social, histórico, estrutura, missão, valores, docentes pesquisadores relacionados às diversas áreas de conhecimento com vistas à interação, integração e intercâmbios futuros. Esta universidade faz parte da Rede UniRila, rede esta que relaciona Brasil, Paraguai, Argentina e Chile, desenvolvendo pesquisas que podem contribuir com a implantação do Corredor bioceânico que ligará estes quatro países. Como metodologia, o estudo utilizou o método descritivo a partir de uma análise documental e bibliográfica, enquadrando-se como uma pesquisa exploratória com abordagem quali-quantitativa de dados. Ao longo da pesquisa, observou-se que a UNJu é voltada para setores de pesquisas sociais que podem proporcionar uma grande colaboração para o desenvolvimento do Corredor Bioceânico, principalmente para as populações locais que fazem parte da Rota. O presente trabalho objetivou viabilizar a divulgação científica, facilitar o acesso à pesquisa e ao aprofundamento acerca das potencialidades e práticas inovadoras da Universidade Nacional de Jujuy, de forma a ser válido para todos os membros da comunidade acadêmica e demais interessados nas potencialidades da implantação do Corredor Bioceânico.
PENGARUH KONDISI PENYADAPAN TERHADAP KUALITAS NIRA KELAPA (COCOS NUCIFERA)
Authors: Adisetya Erista , Krisdiarto Andreas Wahyu , Partha Ida Bagus Banyuro
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kondisi lingkungan pada saat penyadapan terhadap kualitas nira kelapa yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan gula kelapa. Penelitian dilakukan di sentra pengrajin gula kelapa Desa Kalak dan Widoro, Kecamatan Donorejo, Kabupaten Pacitan, Propinsi Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial 2 x 2 x 2. Perlakuan terdiri atas waktu penyadapan (pagi/sore), umur tanaman (lebih/kurang dari 10 tahun) dan bulan (Agustus/Oktober). Parameter kualitas nira kelapa yang diukur adalah pH, kadar gula, sifat organoleptik sebagai bahan baku gula kelapa.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Nira kelapa memiliki pH yang lebih tinggi mendekati pH normal pada pohon kelapa yang berumur kurang atau lebih dari 10 tahun, hasil penyadapan nira pada musim hujan dan waktu penyadapan sore. Kadar gula nira kelapa lebih tinggi pada pohon yang lebih tua, musim kemarau dan hasil penyadapan di sore hari. Sedangkan dari uji organoleptik menunjukkan hasil yang lebih disukai pada nira yang diperoleh dari pohon kelapa yang lebih tua, penyadapan pada musim kemarau dan waktu penyadapan sore hari.

 

Kata Kunci : gula, kelapa, nira, pacitan
KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA COKELAT SULAMINA DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SULA
Authors: Masuku Mustamin Anwar , Bahri Syamsul , Rusman Wiranto
Published: August 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui karakteristik kimia cokelat Sulamina di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat dan pengalaman nyata untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan keterampilan di bidang pengujian kualitas cokelat, serta sebagai informasi bagi konsumen cokelat Sulamina di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula dan pemanfaatan potensi lokal Maluku Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Hasil rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 3 faktor dan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 9 perlakuan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah kadar air 1.72% sampai dengan 2.04%, kadar abu 1.45% sampai dengan 1.57%, kadar lemak 39.68% sampai dengan 40.28%, kadar protein 7.50% sampai dengan 7.71% dan kadar karbohidrat 30.06% sampai dengan 48.62%. Berdasarkan uji Duncan tidak terdapat pengaruh nyata antar setiap perlakuan sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait penambahan perlakuan pada cokelat Sulamina.

 

Kata Kunci : karakteristik kimia, cokelat, potensi lokal
KARAKTER SENSORIS KOPI ARABIKA SEMERU NATURAL
Authors: Maligan Jaya Mahar , Wibowo Andreas Tedy Ervan , Zefanya Nathania
Published: August 2022

Kopi yang merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan sektor perkebunan di Indonesia mempunyai kualitas yang dapat bersaing secara global, sehingga kopi memiliki peran strategis dalam perekonomian nasional. Salah satu varietas kopi yang cukup umum dihasilkan di Indonesia adalah Kopi Arabika dan salah satu daerah yang cocok untuk membudidayakan Kopi Arabika adalah kaki Gunung Semeru. Penentuan harga kopi dapat didasarkan pada mutu kopi sehingga diperlukan pengujian karakteristik sensori Kopi Arabika Semeru yang dapat digunakan sebagai penentu mutu. Metode pengujian yang digunakan adalah cupping test yang mengikuti kaidah SCA (Specialty Coffee Association) dengan 8 orang panelis terlatih seperti barista dan roaster. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan hasil rata - rata skor dari cupping test Arabika Semeru adalah sebesar 76,81. Skor tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kopi Arabika Semeru yang diuji masih belum masuk ke dalam kriteria specialty coffee, dan taste notes yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu apel hijau, karamel dan gula merah.

 

Kata Kunci : cita rasa, kopi arabika, sca
PENGUJIAN KARAKTERISTIK SENSORI KOPI ROBUSTA TIRTOYUDO NATURAL
Authors: Maligan Jaya Mahar , Wibowo Andreas Tedy Ervan , Anggono Nathania Zefanya , Kosasih Swandayani Utami , Putra Yehezkiel Kenzi
Published: August 2022

Kopi adalah salah satu komoditas unggulan sektor perkebunan di Indonesia yang dapat bersaing kualitasnya secara global, sehingga kopi memiliki peran cukup strategis dalam perekonomian nasional. Salah satu varietas kopi yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia adalah Kopi Robusta dan salah satu daerah yang berpotensi menghasilkan Kopi Robusta adalah Kecamatan Tirtoyudo, Jawa Timur. Harga kopi dapat didasarkan pada mutu kopi sehingga diperlukan pengujian karakteristik sensori Kopi Robusta Tirtoyudo yang dapat digunakan sebagai penentu mutu. Metode pengujian yang digunakan adalah cupping test yang mengikuti kaidah SCA (Specialty Coffee Association) dengan 8 orang panelis terlatih seperti barista dan roaster. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan hasil rata - rata skor dari cupping test Robusta Tirtoyudo adalah sebesar 75,38. Skor tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kopi Robusta Tirtoyudo yang diuji masih belum masuk ke dalam kriteria specialty coffee, taste notes yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu kakao, karamel, burn, dan peanut.

 

Kata Kunci : cita rasa, kopi arabika, SCA
POTENSI BERENUK (CRESCENTIA CUJETE L) UNTUK BAHAN PRODUKSI ALKOHOL SECARA FERMENTASI
Authors: Ronaldi Robin , Atmodjo Patricius Kianto , Sidharta Boy Rahardja
Published: August 2022

Buah berenuk (Crescentia cujete L) merupakan tumbuhan non pangan yang berpotensi sebagai bahan baku produksi alkohol yang sangat dibutuhkan untuk pembuatan sanitizer dan desinfektas saat pandemi ini. Buah ini mengandung 18,61% karbohidrat dan gula sederhana seperti sukrosa 59,86%, fruktosa 25,09% dan galaktosa 18,24% . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi penggunaan buah ini sebagai bahan dasar pembentukan alkohol secara fermentasi. Buah berenuk yang matang diambil sarinya dan dimasak lalu dibuat sebagai substrat berkonsentrasi 12, 14, 16, 18, dan 20% dengan menambahkan akuades pada cairan buah berenuk dan ditambah Saccharomeyes cereviisae. Parameter yang diukur adalah jumlah sel Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pH medium, kadar gula reduksi, dan kadar alkohol. Rancangan penelitian berupa rancangan acak lengkap  5 tingkat konsentrasi dengan tiga ulangan. Analisa data berupa analisa variasi, uji berganda Duncan pada  tingkat kepercayaan 95%  dan analisa korelasi untuk mengetahui bentuk hubungan antar variabel. Hasil fermentasi berenuk  menunjukkan sari buah berenuk dapat difermentasi dan menghasilkan alkohol  tertinggi ± 4,00% dari substrat sari buah berenuk berkonsentrasi 18% . Alkohol yang dihasilkan berupa senyawa etanol. ada hubungan positif antara penngkatan konsentrasi cairan buah dengan produksi alkohol, koefisien korelasi 0,77 . Disimpulkan bahwa buah berenuk berpotensi sebagai bahan alami yang dapat dignakan untuk substrat pembuatan alkohol.

 

Kata Kunci : etanol, fermentasi, korelasi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sanitiser