bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient Bayesian High-Dimensional Classification via Random Projection with Application to Gene Expression Data
Authors: Chakraborty Abhisek
Published: June 2023

Inspired by the impressive successes of compress sensing-based machine learning algorithms, data augmentation-based efficient Gibbs samplers for Bayesian high-dimensional classification models are developed by compressing the design matrix to a much lower dimension. Ardent care is exercised in the choice of the projection mechanism, and an adaptive voting rule is employed to reduce sensitivity to the random projection matrix. Focusing on the high-dimensional Probit regression model, we note that the naive implementation of the data augmentation-based Gibbs sampler is not robust to the presence of co-linearity in the design matrix – a setup ubiquitous in $n\lt p$ problems. We demonstrate that a simple fix based on joint updates of parameters in the latent space circumnavigates this issue. With a computationally efficient MCMC scheme in place, we introduce an ensemble classifier by creating R ($\sim 25$–50) projected copies of the design matrix, and subsequently running R classification models with the R projected design matrix in parallel. We combine the output from the R replications via an adaptive voting scheme. Our scheme is inherently parallelizable and capable of taking advantage of modern computing environments often equipped with multiple cores. The empirical success of our methodology is illustrated in elaborate simulations and gene expression data applications. We also extend our methodology to a high-dimensional logistic regression model and carry out numerical studies to showcase its efficacy.
The first eigencurve for a Neumann boundary problem involving p-Laplacian with essentially bounded weights
Authors: Sanhaji Ahmed , Dakkak Ahmed , Moussaoui Mimoun
Published: June 2023

This article is intended to prove the existence and uniqueness of the first eigencurve, for a homogeneous Neumann problem with singular weights associated with the equation \[-\Delta_{p} u=\alpha m_{1}|u|^{p-2}u+\beta m_{2}|u|^{p-2}u\] in a bounded domain \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^{N}\). We then establish many properties of this eigencurve, particularly the continuity, variational characterization, asymptotic behavior, concavity and the differentiability.
The cation channel mechanisms of subthreshold inward depolarizing currents in the mice VTA dopaminergic neurons and their roles in the chronic-stress-induced depression-like behavior
Authors: Wang Jing , Su Min , Zhang Dongmei , Zhang Ludi , Niu Chenxu , Li Chaoyi , You Shuangzhu , Sang Yuqi , Zhang Yongxue , Du Xiaona , Zhang Hailin
Published: June 2023

The slow-intrinsic-pacemaker dopaminergic (DA) neurons originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are implicated in various mood- and emotion-related disorders, such as anxiety, fear, stress and depression. Abnormal activity of projection-specific VTA DA neurons is the key factor in the development of these disorders. Here, we describe the crucial role of the NALCN and TRPC6, non-selective cation channels in mediating the subthreshold inward depolarizing current and driving the firing of action potentials of VTA DA neurons in physiological conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that down-regulation of TRPC6 protein expression in the VTA DA neurons likely contributes to the reduced activity of projection-specific VTA DA neurons in chronic mild unpredictable stress (CMUS) depressive mice. In consistent with these, selective knockdown of TRPC6 channels in the VTA DA neurons conferred mice with depression-like behavior. This current study suggests down-regulation of TRPC6 expression/function is involved in reduced VTA DA neuron firing and chronic stress-induced depression-like behavior of mice.
Remimazolam versus propofol for procedural sedation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Chang Yu , Huang Yun-Ting , Chi Kuan-Yu , Huang Yen-Ta
Published: June 2023

Background

To improve patient tolerability and satisfaction as well as minimize complications, procedural sedation has been widely used. Propofol is the most widely used agent for induction of anesthesia and sedation by anesthesiologists. With a different mechanism compared to propofol, remimazolam is a new short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist. It is an ester-based benzodiazepine. This meta-analysis aims to clarify the efficacy and safety of remimazolam versus propofol for procedure sedation.

Methods

Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing efficacy or safety of remimazolam versus propofol. Meta-analysis were conducted using RStudio with “metafor” package with random-effects model.

Results

A total of twelve RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results demonstrated that patients with remimazolam for procedural sedation had lower risk of bradycardia (OR 0.28, 95% CI [0.14–0.57]), hypotension (OR 0.26, 95% CI [0.22–0.32]), and respiratory depression (OR 0.22, 95% CI [0.14–0.36]). There was no difference in the risk of developing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) (OR 0.65, 95% CI [0.15–2.79]) and dizziness (OR 0.93, 95% CI [0.53–1.61]) between the remimazolam and propofol groups. Using remimazolam for procedural sedation is significantly associated with less injection pain compared to propofol (OR 0.06, 95% CI [0.03–0.13]). Regarding the sedation efficacy, there was no difference in sedation success rate or time to loss of consciousness, recover and discharge between the remimazolam and the propofol groups.

Conclusions

Based on our meta-analysis, patients receiving procedural sedation with remimazolam had lower risk of bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression and injection pain compared with propofol. On the other hand, there was no difference in sedation success rate, risk of PONV, dizziness, time to LOC, recovery and discharge between these two sedatives.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022362950
Notas sobre la familia, el poder y el derecho.
Authors: Marshall Barberán Pablo
Published: June 2023

Estas notas pretenden exponer el modelo constitucional de familia en Chile y analizar algunas consecuencias que se siguen de ese modelo a la luz de la influencia del derecho en las relaciones de poder dentro de la familia. Se analiza la relación de la familia con el principio de subsidiaridad, la com-prensión de esa relación por una interpretación neoliberal de tal principio y la necesidad de la intervención estatal en las relaciones intrafamiliares, fun-dada en una concepción de libertad como no-dominación.
Destruyendo mitos. Derechos Fundamentales y esclarecimiento de hechos en el proceso penal
Authors: Díaz García Iván
Published: June 2023

El interés en esclarecer los hechos y el interés por tutelar los derechos funda-mentales constituyen, de acuerdo con la doctrina prevaleciente, pretensiones incompatibles en el ámbito procesal penal. Sin embargo, esa contraposición necesaria es resultado de un inadecuado análisis respecto del modo en que se relacionan ambos intereses. En efecto, mientras la indemnidad de algunos derechos fundamentales puede perjudicar el esclarecimiento de los hechos, la indemnidad de otros puede favorecer una decisión procesal penal más ajustada al modo en que realmente ocurrieron los hechos.
Incidence of Staphylococcus Aureus in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: An Emerging Trend
Authors: Hatkar Sunil Sonu
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The pathogen like staphylococcus spp. associated with multidrug resistance is one of the major concerns. Prompt diagnosis of staphylococcal Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI) with its antibiogram plays a vital role in better outcomes of treatment and reducing the cost of hospital stay of patients. Aim: To find out incidence of staphylococcal LRTIs. Materials and Methods: This prosprective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, SMBT Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India. The duration of the study was 23 months, from June 2017 to May 2019. The specimens were screened for staphylococcal species as per the standard bacteriological procedure. The gram-positive, catalase-positive isolates were further subjected to detection of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The data was analysed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPPS) version 20.0. Results: The majority of the patients were of old age groups and the average mean age was 57.95±6.18 years. A total of 22/421 Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were isolated from the patients suffering from LRTIs. High incidence was noted in male patients 21/22 (95.5%) than in females 1/22 (4.5%) and 100% of patients were hospitalised with a complaint of LRTIs. The majority of strains were isolated from sputum sample 18/22 (81.8%), followed by 3/22 (13.6%) from pleural aspiration, and 1/22 (4.5%) from endotracheal secretion. Almost 18/22 (81.8%) patients were of pneumonia, followed by 3/22 (13.6%) were of empyema and 1/22 (4.5%) were of sinusitis. All the isolates were sensitive to linezolid, vancomycin, and ceftaroline. Conclusion: In the present study, LRTI associated with S. aureus was found to be (5.22%). It was also observed that, all strains were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and ceftaroline which is unique. Hence, the staphylococcal infection can be treated with low cost and hospital stay if diagnosed in time by microbiological profile, as the clinical presentation and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents vary in different geographical areas.
Knowledge of Women towards Improved Rice Cultivation Practices in Bongmol Village of Kangpokpi District, Manipur, India
Authors: Thangeo Lhinghoivah , Jahanara
Published: June 2023

The study is undertaken in Bongmol village which comes under Champhai Block of Kangpokpi district, Manipur. A total number of 120 respondents were selected purposively for the study. Descriptive research design was harnessed for the present study and the primary data were amassed using pre-structured interview schedule. The findings of study shows that majority (52.50%) of the respondents have medium knowledge level category towards improved Rice cultivation practices. Age, education, occupation, marital status, farming experience, annual income, mass media exposure, innovativeness, risk orientation and economic motivation are positively correlated with knowledge of women towards improved rice cultivation practices. High cost of fertilizers and lack of funding from government were the major constraints faced by the respondents.
Baby Corn Yield Performance on Silty Clay Loam Soil as Impacted by Organic Nutrient Management Practises of Coimbatore
Authors: Solo Medosanuo , Joseph P. A. , Rajendran K. , Katharine S. Praveena , Hena J. Vimalin
Published: June 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2022 in the farm of Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore to study the effect on organic nutrient management on yield and economic returns of baby corn which was grown in silty clay loam soil. Among all the treatment  12.5 t FYM + groundnut cake equivalent to 60 kg fertilizer N provided much better outcomes in terms of yield attributing character and cob yield followed by vermi-compost equivalent to N in 12.5 t FYM + groundnut cake equivalent to 60 Kg fertilizer N. B:C ratio was found higher in 60-30-30 kg NPK  through fertilizer alone.
Assessment of Genetic Correlation, Path Coefficient Analysis and Principal Component Analysis in Horse Gram under Water Stress
Authors: Visakh R. L. , Bindu M. R. , Gayathri G. , Sodhaparmar M. K.
Published: June 2023

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the correlation and path analysis in thirty horse gram germplasm lines under moisture-stressed conditions using various selected characters. The association studies revealed a significant positive correlation of seed yield with relative water content, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, total chlorophyll content, harvest index, proline content, root dry weight, root length and leaf area index. While days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height and number of primary branches showed a significant negative correlation with yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed a high positive direct effect of the number of pods per plant on seed yield and the number of seeds per pod recorded exhibited the highest indirect effect on seed yield via the number of pods per plant under moisture stress conditions in horse gram. So, selection based on the number of pods per plant will be more beneficial under water stress conditions. The exploitation of genetic diversity is key to a successful breeding program. The principal component analysis using selected fifteen characters revealed the existence of adequate genetic variability among genotypes under study. First four principal components accounted for a cumulative variance of 82.47%. The principal component analysis (PCA) biplot revealed genotypes viz. IC22785, IC392329, HG 26L and IC20753 to highly diverse and these genotypes may be employed for enhancement of various traits in horse gram.
Effect of Different Levels of Phosphorus and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.) Var. Swati Swarna
Authors: Dubey Latika , Swaroop Narendra , Thomas Tarence , David Arun A. , Vinay
Published: June 2023

An experiment was conducted during in Zaid season (March 2022-June 2022) on central research farm of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three levels of Phosphorus and Zinc (0 %, 50 % and 100 %). The treatment combinations were replicated three times and were allocated at random in each replication. The result shows that application of different levels combination of inorganic fertilizers increased growth, yield of green gram. It was recorded from the application of P and Zinc fertilizers in treatment T7 [P @ 100% + Zinc @ 0%] maximum plant height 40.90, 49.12, and 60.16 cm at 30, 60 DAS and at harvest, number of branches plant-1 9.35, 11.62, and 14.24 at 30, 60 DAS and at harvest, number of pods plant-1 25.73, number of seeds pod-1 10.54, test weight of 1000 seeds 54.66 g, grain yield 11.73 q ha-1 with benefit cost ratio 1: 2.33 best from T1 [(control) P @ 0% + Zinc @ 0 %].
Participação social e espaços culturais intermediário nas políticas culturais contemporâneas
Authors: Poli Karina , Magkou Matina , Pélissier Maud
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo pretende apresentar reflexões construídas através de uma colaboração entre pesquisadores que atuam na França e no Brasil e que realizam pesquisas sobre espaços culturais intermediários. Como ponto de partida, compreendem-se os espaços culturais intermediários como resultados de uma lógica contemporânea de organização do trabalho cultural e criativo que dinamiza novos processos de participação social e novas relações de proximidade ancoradas nos territórios. O texto apresenta duas políticas públicas: o Programa Cultura Viva e o Programa Nouveaux lieux, nouveaux liens, lançados pelos: Ministério da Cultura do Brasil e o Ministério da Coesão Territorial da França. Essa análise pretende contribuir com as discussões referentes ao reconhecimento público dos processos participativos presentes em espaços intermediários e identificar como os paradigmas de políticas culturais, multifuncionais, intergovernamentais, nacionais e locais se estabeleceram nos contextos brasileiro e francês.
Movimentos e políticas culturais de base comunitária
Authors: Brizuela Juan Ignacio , Machado Cabral Melo Sharine
Published: June 2023

Apresentação do dossiê.
Characterization of fungal carbonyl sulfide hydrolase belonging to clade D β‐carbonic anhydrase
Authors: Iizuka Ryuka , Ogawa Takahiro , Tsukida Rikako , Noguchi Keiichi , Hibbett David , Katayama Yoko , Yoshida Makoto
Published: January 2025

Carbonyl sulfide hydrolase (COSase) is a unique enzyme that exhibits high activity towards carbonyl sulfide (COS) but low carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity, despite belonging to the CA family. COSase was initially identified in a sulfur‐oxidizing bacterium and later discovered in the ascomycete Trichoderma harzianum strain THIF08. The COSase from T. harzianum has been recognized as a key enzyme in the assimilation of gaseous COS, and homologous genes are widely present not only in Ascomycota but also in Basidiomycota. Here, we characterized the COSases from the basidiomycete Gloeophyllum trabeum NBRC 6430 and T. harzianum to obtain detailed characteristics of fungal COSase. This study contributes to a better understanding of COS metabolism in fungi.
Robust Modified Repetitive Tracking Control Design for Singular Markovian Jump Fuzzy Systems With Probabilistic Input Delay
Authors: Mohanapriya S. , Sakthivel R. , Kwon O. M. , Anusuya S.
Published: January 2025

The concerns of designing the tracking control problem as well as the compensation of disturbance and input delays for a class of T‐S fuzzy singular Markovian jump systems are addressed in this paper. In particular, a modified repetitive control scheme based on the Matausek‐Micic modified Smith predictor approach is implemented, which ensures precise tracking performance and high‐precision disturbance attenuation. To be more precise, the integration of the transfer function with the modified Smith predictor block ensures accurate estimation and effective attenuation of external disturbances. Furthermore, a set of adequate criteria are derived in the arrangement of matrix inequalities in accordance with Lyapunov stability phenomena and average‐dwell‐time technique. The controller gain matrices are constructed concurrently by solving the established matrix inequalities. In order to test the effectiveness and supremacy of the suggested control approach, the simulation results with three numerical cases are eventually presented.
Surgeon General advisory links alcohol and cancer
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: January 2025

After smoking and obesity, alcohol consumption is the third preventable cause of cancer in the United States, said Surgeon General Vivek Murthy, M.D. in releasing a new report last week.
Review on Anion Exchange of Lead‐Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Process, Methods, and Applications
Authors: Li Mulin , Yin Qianxi , Xu Rongrong , Wang Xiaoting , Huang Xianliang , Chen Ziyi , Ma Teng , Chen Jun , Zeng Haibo
Published: January 2025

Lead‐halide perovskites are a new class of semiconductor materials that have excellent optoelectronic properties and can be easily transformed into bright luminescent colloidal nanocrystals. These characteristics bring great prospects for the development of high‐efficiency optical devices. These materials possess unique anion‐exchange properties that allow for post‐synthesis adjustment of the bandgap. Anion exchange typically initiates at the surface: Perovskite nanocrystals have flexible lattice properties, which allow ions to gradually diffuse into the interior of the crystal with the help of vacancies, resulting in the formation of complete or mixed‐phase perovskites. Various methods, such as liquid phase, gas phase, and solid phase anion exchange, enable precise control over the composition and bandgap modulation, thereby tuning the emission wavelengths of nanocrystals across the visible spectrum. The flexibility and precision offered by anion exchange facilitate effective phase control and engineering of the optoelectronic properties of lead‐halide perovskites. This, in turn, opens up opportunities for their application in light‐emitting diodes, solar cells, and detectors, thus driving further advancements in anion‐exchange technology.
Enhanced Fog Water Harvesting on Superhydrophobic Steel Meshes
Authors: Sartipizadeh Pegah , Mohammadizadeh Mohammad Reza , Antonini Carlo , Akbari Raziyeh
Published: January 2025

Fog water harvesting, inspired by desert organisms, offers a sustainable and low‐cost solution to water scarcity, especially in humid coasts. Mesh‐based fog collection is gaining research attention due to its passive operation and minimal environmental impact. This study aims to develop effective, low‐cost, scalable, and easy‐to‐apply fog harvester designs while evaluating their performance under fog conditions that closely mimic real‐world scenarios. Copper is electrodeposited onto steel meshes to create a rough hydrophobic layer, and modified with a per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances‐free silica‐sol to reach superhydrophobicity. The modified sample achieves a water harvesting efficiency of 580 mg (cm2h)−1, a 40% improvement over uncoated steel meshes, comparable to the results of single‐drop impact studies and fog water harvesting investigations. The key considerations for fog harvesting research, emphasizing the need to calculate fog harvesting efficiency as the ratio of collected water to available atmospheric water generated in experimental setups are highlighted. Without standardized testing protocols, inconsistent results hinder progress and divert focus from real‐world applications. To address this, a methodology for a standardized protocol reflecting fog characteristics and environmental conditions is developed. This technological advancement offers a viable strategy to mitigate water scarcity through optimized fog water harvesters based on surface property design and control.
Development of Magnetically Actuated Pillars with NiTi–Polydimethylsiloxane Integration for Advanced Mobility in Soft Robotics
Authors: Fontoura Cristian Padilha , Aguzzoli Cesar
Published: January 2025

The use of responsive pillar arrays and cilia‐like structures is linked with many groundbreaking applications, including microfluidic devices, biomedical applications, and soft robotics. To be effective, cilia or pillar arrays must exhibit flexible and controllable motion tailored to their specific applications. In this context, in this work, developing a compliant structure, which combines longitudinal stiffness controlled by a shape‐memory alloy and magnetically actuated pillars, is aimed at. Polydimethylsiloxane is used as the matrix material, while nickel–titanium (NiTi) alloy provides stiffening to the base, and the pillars are enriched with iron via magnetron sputtering. The structures are generated through cast molding, employing pillar array‐forming templates obtained by additive manufacturing. Various physicochemical and mechanical analyses are conducted to assess the composite's properties, including tensile testing, pullout test, and magnetometry. Overall, tailored dexterity and actuation are achieved by controlling temperature and magnetic field application. This advancement not only demonstrates the feasibility of creating responsive pillars at a relatively low cost—in comparison to commercial iron nanoparticles—and environmentally friendly techniques but also opens avenues for their integration into sophisticated devices requiring precise and adaptable movements. Future research should focus on optimizing the actuation efficiency and exploring broader applications in bioengineering and robotics.
Hierarchical Mineralized Collagen Coated Zn Membrane to Tailor Cell Microenvironment for Guided Bone Regeneration
Authors: Yan Fanyu , Yu Min , He Yunjiao , Wang Feilong , Yang Fan , Zhao Xiwen , Zheng Yufeng , Liu Yan , Xia Dandan , Liu Yunsong
Published: January 2025

Maxillofacial bone defects caused by trauma, infections, tumors, and congenital disorders have become a significant global health concern. An ideal guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane is expected to not only act as a barrier but also promote osteoinduction and osteogenesis. However, non‐resorbable membranes have limited bioactivity and require secondary surgeries, whereas resorbable membranes often lack the required mechanical properties and degrade too quickly. To address these challenges, a bilayer self‐induced GBR membrane is constructed by combining pure zinc (Zn) and hierarchical mineralized collagen (HMC) via self‐assembly, termed ss‐HMC/Zn. The Zn layer acts as an outer barrier toward the soft tissue that provides spatiotemporal support, whereas the HMC layer creates a favorable internal self‐induced osteogenic microenvironment. Moreover, the bone‐like nanostructure of HMC effectively controlled the release of zinc ions. In vitro assays demonstrates adequate mechanical maintenance, excellent cytocompatibility, and osteogenic ability of the membrane. In vivo results show superior osteoinductive capability without the need for osteogenic supplements. Furthermore, the ss‐HMC/Zn membrane exhibits immunomodulatory functions, promoting angiogenesis and cell recruitment, thereby shedding light on the underlying osteogenic mechanisms. In conclusion, these well‐orchestrated membranes provide new insights into guided bone regeneration for maxillofacial bone defects.
Development of a Novel Magnesium Alloy with High Degradation Resistance and Osteo/Angiogenesis Activity Through Scandium‐enhanced Growth of Passivation Film
Authors: Wang Zhengguang , Liu Jinge , Han Shuai , Liu Bingchuan , Wang Jiedong , Zeng Shengxin , Wang Chaoxin , Min Shuyuan , Hu Yuanyu , Bo Peng , Wang Qian , Li Haoyue , Liu Dazhi , Wen Peng , Zheng Yufeng , Tian Yun
Published: January 2025

Addressing the challenge of balancing rapid degradation and insufficient bio‐regenerative capabilities in biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys for bone repair is a significant endeavor. In this study, the influence of Scandium (Sc) content on the microstructure, strength, degradation, cytotoxicity, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis of Mg‐4Yttrium(Y)‐xSc alloy system is investigated, and a novel alloy Mg‐4Y‐2.25Sc (wt.%) that significantly inhibits degradation and promotes bone regeneration is successfully developed. This achievement is contributed to the combination of the alloying and high‐temperature oxidation (HTO) treatment, guided by a thermodynamic calculation model. The performance of the alloy notably surpasses that of the widely used biodegradable WE43 alloy. At the microstructural level, a thin and dense protective film of Y2O3/Sc2O3 is introduced to form a passivation effect. The synergetic release of Mg and Sc ions significantly promotes angiogenesis and osteogenesis. In vivo results verify that Mg‐4Y‐2.25Sc implants promote osseointegration of implants during the bone healing cycle. In summary, the alloying system treated by HTO effectively modulates the degradation rate of Mg alloys without complex surface modification, providing a promising bone‐repairing material for successful implantation.
Cu‐In Co‐Doping and Layered Directional Sintering for High Thermoelectric Efficiency and Mechanical Strength in Bi2(Te,Se)3
Authors: Zhu Hao , Deng Ziming , Qu Yuhan , He Peng , Geng Huiyuan
Published: January 2025

Bi2Te3‐based thermoelectric materials are essential for efficient power generation, but limitations in the performance of n‐type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 (BTS) restrict broader applications. Advancing n‐type BTS thermoelectric properties is challenging due to the need to reduce lattice thermal conductivity while simultaneously enhancing carrier mobility and mechanical strength. In this study, these challenges are addressed by combining Cu intercalation, In doping, and a novel Layered Directional Sintering (LDS) technique. Cu intercalation increases carrier concentration and raises the density of states near the Fermi level through band flattening induced by internal stress, while In doping widens the bandgap and introduces additional states near the Fermi level. The LDS method further improves thermoelectric efficiency by creating highly textured grains, dense dislocations, and nanostructures, which collectively lower lattice thermal conductivity. This integrated approach achieves a peak ZT of 1.2 at 375 K and an average ZT of 1.1 over 325–525 K, outperforming previous benchmarks for n‐type BTS and providing mechanical strength 2–3 times that of commercial BTS. This study establishes a framework to balance thermal conductivity and carrier mobility, potentially enhancing efficiency in a broader range of thermoelectric materials.
Directionally Cast Multilevel Channels in Hydrogel Electrolyte for Low‐Temperature Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kang Jiahong , Jiang Zhenjing , Wen Lei
Published: January 2025

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their high safety and energy density. However, their practical application is hindered by insufficient low‐temperature performance and rampant side reactions on Zn metal anode. In this work, a freeze‐casting method is utilized to acquire the unidirectional and multilevel pore structure in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐based hydrogel. Then, strengthen the PVA chain and rearrange its hydrogen bonds via a solution substitution process. The ordered arrangement of molecular chains, formation of multilevel channels, and introduced glycerin enhance the mechanical properties, water‐retention and anti‐freezing capability of the hydrogel. Hence, the hydrogel electrolyte can effectively suppress side reactions at the anode interface, while enabling stable and fast Zn2+ ion transport. Consequently, it realizes a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.2% of the Zn||Cu cell and a long lifespan of 1200 h of the Zn||Zn cell. When coupled with the NH4V4O10 cathode, it delivers the faster electrochemical reactions kinetics and an excellent capacity retention rate of 87.3% after 1130 cycles. Even under an ultralow temperature of −20 °C, the designed hydrogel can still endow fast and stable Zn deposition/stripping cycles. This work provides a feasible design strategy for the development of hydrogel electrolytes for low‐temperature aqueous zinc‐ion batteries.
MOF‐derived Carbon‐Based Materials for Energy‐Related Applications
Authors: Chai Lulu , Li Rui , Sun Yanzhi , Zhou Kun , Pan Junqing
Published: January 2025

New carbon‐based materials (CMs) are recommended as attractively active materials due to their diverse nanostructures and unique electron transport pathways, demonstrating great potential for highly efficient energy storage applications, electrocatalysis, and beyond. Among these newly reported CMs, metal–organic framework (MOF)‐derived CMs have achieved impressive development momentum based on their high specific surface areas, tunable porosity, and flexible structural‐functional integration. However, obstacles regarding the integrity of porous structures, the complexity of preparation processes, and the precise control of active components hinder the regulation of precise interface engineering in CMs. In this context, this review systematically summarizes the latest advances in tailored types, processing strategies, and energy‐related applications of MOF‐derived CMs and focuses on the structure‐activity relationship of metal‐free carbon, metal‐doped carbon, and metallide‐doped carbon. Particularly, the intrinsic correlation and evolutionary behavior between the synergistic interaction of micro/nanostructures and active species with electrochemical performances are emphasized. Finally, unique insights and perspectives on the latest relevant research are presented, and the future development prospects and challenges of MOF‐derived CMs are discussed, providing valuable guidance to boost high‐performance electrochemical electrodes for a broader range of application fields.
Prussian Blue Analogues “Dressed” in MXene Nanosheets Tightly for High Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Shi Yuxin , Song Gongjing , Yang Biao , Tang Yijian , Liu Zheng , Zhang Zhan , Shakouri Mohsen , Cheng Jinbing , Pang Huan
Published: January 2025

MXenes, have been considered as a new generation anode material in lithium‐ion batteries for lower lithium‐ion diffusion barriers and superior conductivity. Unfortunately, their structures are prone to aggregation and stacking, hindering further shuttle of lithium ions and electrons, resulting in lower discharge capacity. Therefore, the introduction of interlayer spacers for the preparation of MXene‐based hybrids has attracted much attention. Introducing Prubssian blue analogues (PBAs) as a new interlayer spacer to combine with MXene nanosheets can not only preserve the high conductivity of MXene and inhibit the volume expansion and structural degradation of the PBA component, but also inherit the characteristics of large specific surface area and high porosity of PBAs. By intelligent regulating the size of MXene sheets, Co‐PBA@MXene hybrids with common sandwich‐like structures and superior core‐shell‐like structures have been successfully obtained. Furthermore, Co@M(x:y) hybrids are prepared by intelligently adjusting the shell thickness of MXene through intelligently controlling of the mass ratio between Co‐PBA and MXene. Among them, the Co@M(5:2) anode exhibits an excellent capacity (603 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 after 100 cycles) and superior long‐term cycling stability due to the protective and conductive properties provided by the MXene shell and multi‐redox pairs and rich porosity from Co‐PBA core.
Luminescent Organosilane and Organogermane MR‐TADF Emitters for Operationally Stable Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Si‐Jie , Tang Xiongkai , Ng Chiu Hwi , Lim Jia Yang , Tang Wai Kit , Chen Wen‐Cheng , Huo Yanping , Ng Maggie , Chen Season Si , Zhang Dongdong , Duan Lian , Tang Man‐Chung
Published: January 2025

Improving operational stability for organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) is a hotspot in scientific research. It is proposed that silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge) can exhibit hyperconjugation effects and participate in conjugated systems, thereby stabilizing molecules’ excited and polarized states. Herein, the importance of incorporating Si and Ge in multi‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters is revealed to improve their luminescence efficiency and intrinsic stability. Computational studies show that introducing Si and Ge atoms can strengthen the C−Si and C−Ge bonds due to the hyperconjugation effect, resulting in higher bond dissociation energies and molecular photostability. With the efficient spin‐vibronic coupling and spin‐orbital coupling, the flexible conformations of the emitters facilitate the spin‐flip processes by enriching the characters and density of their excited states. A maximum external quantum efficiency of 30.0% for BN‐Ge‐based blue‐emitting OLEDs, with (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage) CIEy ≤ 0.18 is realized. In particular, the LT90 at 1000 cd m−2 of 48.3 and 7.1 h is achieved for BN‐Si‐based and BN‐Ge‐based OLEDs, respectively, using the developed deuterated SiCzCz‐d15 and SiTriCz2‐d16 as the hole‐transporting and host materials. It is anticipated that the study will provide insights into the design of group IV element‐containing multiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters for optoelectronics applications.
Recent Advances in Strategies to Enhance Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy Performance of Single‐Component Organic Phototherapeutic Agents
Authors: Fang Laiping , Chen Zengzhen , Dai Jianan , Pan Yujin , Tu Yike , Meng Qi , Diao Yanzhao , Yang Shuaibo , Guo Wei , Li Liming , Liu Jinwu , Wen Hua , Hua Kelei , Hang Lifeng , Fang Jin , Meng Xianwei , Ma Ping'an , Jiang Guihua
Published: January 2025

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have emerged as promising treatment options, showcasing immense potential in addressing both oncologic and nononcologic diseases. Single‐component organic phototherapeutic agents (SCOPAs) offer advantages compared to inorganic or multicomponent nanomedicine, including better biosafety, lower toxicity, simpler synthesis, and enhanced reproducibility. Nonetheless, how to further improve the therapeutic effectiveness of SCOPAs remains a challenging research area. This review delves deeply into strategies to improve the performance of PDT or PTT by optimizing the structural design of SCOPAs. These strategies encompass augmenting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitigating oxygen dependence, elevating light absorption capacity, broadening the absorption region, and enhancing the photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE). Additionally, this review also underscores the ideal strategies for developing SCOPAs with balanced PDT and PTT. Furthermore, the potential synergies are highlighted between PDT and PTT with other treatment modalities such as ferroptosis, gas therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. By providing a comprehensive analysis of these strategies, this review aspires to serve as a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers, facilitating the wider application and advancement of SCOPAs‐mediated PDT and PTT.
From Monocyclization to Pentacyclization: A Versatile Plant Cyclase Produces Diverse Sesterterpenes with Anti‐Liver Fibrosis Potential
Authors: Guo Kai , Tang Xue , Liu Yan‐Chun , Cheng Hui‐Zhen , Liu Huan , Fan Yu‐Zhou , Qi Xiao‐Yu , Xu Rui , Kang Juan‐Juan , Li De‐Sen , Wang Guo‐Dong , Gershenzon Jonathan , Liu Yan , Li Sheng‐Hong
Published: January 2025

A prolific multi‐product sesterterpene synthase CbTPS1 is characterized from the medicinal Brassicaceae plant Capsella bursa‐pastoris. Twenty different sesterterpenes including 16 undescribed compounds, possessing 10 different mono‐/di‐/tri‐/tetra‐/penta‐carbocyclic skeletons, including the unique 15‐membered macrocyclic and 24(15→14)‐abeo‐capbuane scaffolds, are isolated and structurally elucidated from engineered Escherichia coli strains expressing CbTPS1. Site‐directed mutagenesis assisted by molecular dynamics simulations resulted in the variant L354M with up to 13.2‐fold increased sesterterpene production. These structurally diverse products suggest a comprehensive cyclization mechanism for plant sesterterpenes and provide compelling evidence for the initial cyclization of geranylfarnesyl diphosphate via a crucial 15‐membered monocyclic carbocation. The activities of these sesterterpenes against liver fibrosis is inferred from the inhibition of the transforming growth factor‐β/Smad signaling pathway and collagen synthesis. These findings greatly expand the chemical space and biological functions of sesterterpenes and provide new insights into the catalytic mechanism of terpene synthases.
Modelling Consumers Preferences Using Risk Perceptions and Subjective Knowledge
Authors: Gonçalves Tânia , Lourenço‐Gomes Lina , Pinto Lígia M. Costa , Rebelo João
Published: January 2025

Latent class models constitute an alternative approach to the popular mixed logit models to capture sources of individual preference heterogeneity to explain discrete choices. This article applies the latent class model to incorporate random taste variation across individuals or consumers, encompassing the role of lexicographic decision‐making rules in the modeling of discrete choice responses. Furthermore, it provides a deeper understanding of processing information rules, by including latent variables related to individuals' subjective knowledge and risk perceptions in the explanation of the probability of adopting a specific simplifying decision rule or heuristic to select the most preferred alternative. The results reveal that accounting for information processing strategies avoids misspecification bias and yields more plausible behavioral outputs, namely deflated willingness to pay measures. Thus, providing a closer comprehension of the consumers' behavior and choice. These results were derived from a discrete choice experiment applied to a sample of regular wine consumers in Switzerland.
Cure Kinetics and Thermal Recyclability of Epoxy Vitrimer Based on Triple Dynamic Covalent Bonds
Authors: Hao Zengheng , Bo Fu , Wu Yan , Cao Xuejuan
Published: January 2025

Epoxy vitrimers have aroused increasing research attention owing to their stable physicochemical properties, recyclability, and reprocessability, and they even achieve rapid self‐healing by the design of multiple dynamic covalent. However, based on the requirement of optimized curing process, research on cure kinetics of multiple dynamic epoxy vitrimer with flexibility is overtly insufficient, compared with single dynamic epoxy vitrimers. Herein, an amine curing agent with imine group (DN) and epoxy with disulfide and β‐hydroxyl ester groups (EP) were synthesized, respectively, and the thermoset epoxy was fabricated from either diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (E51) or EP cured with DN. The comparison of E51/DN and EP/DN crosslinked network on cure kinetics, mechanical properties, and self‐healing performance was investigated in detail. The activation energy (Ea) of curing reaction for E51D0.25 was low at 31.79 kJ/mol, while EPD0.25 had a higher Ea of 58.81 kJ/mol due to complex reactions. Especially, when the conversion was up to 80%, the Ea of EPD0.25 showed a sharp increment due to the combined effect of crosslinked network and reaction of β‐hydroxyl groups. In terms of performance, compared with single dynamic network (E51D0.25), the flexibility, self‐healing, and recyclability of vitrimer were all improved through introduction of triple dynamic bonds.
Sustaining the “frozen footprints” of scholarly communication through open citations
Authors: Taşkın Zehra
Published: January 2025

This review examines the role of open citations in fostering transparency, reproducibility, and accessibility in scholarly communication. Through a critical synthesis of diverse sources—articles, proceedings, presentations, datasets, and blog posts—it explores the motivations behind citing, the evolving meanings of citations, and key milestones in the open citation movement. Particular attention is given to initiatives like OpenCitations and the Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC), highlighting their contributions to advancing open scholarship. Key findings indicate that open citations democratize research by providing free access to citation data, improving discoverability, and facilitating the creation of public citation graphs. Technological advancements, such as advanced data models and reference mining tools, have significantly contributed to the management and utilization of citation data. Despite these benefits, challenges such as ensuring data quality and standardization, addressing structural inequalities in citation networks, and achieving universal publisher adoption persist. The study concludes with recommendations for future efforts, emphasizing policy advocacy, technological innovation, global collaboration, and educational initiatives to promote the widespread adoption and effective use of open citations. These strategies aim to make the “frozen footprints” of scholarly communication accessible to all, fostering a more equitable and transparent scientific landscape.
Genetic Analyses on Transgender Individuals: Impact on Physician Attitudes and Surgical Decision‐Making
Authors: Cura Duygu Onur , Ülgenalp Ayfer , Çankaya Tufan
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Genetic studies on the transgender and gender diverse (TGD) community have started to appear in the literature. However, there are limited studies on how genetic data will impact attitudes and perspectives toward TGD individuals. In this study, we investigated the impact of genetic alterations on physicians' attitudes toward TGD individuals and on physicians' decisions concerning gender confirmation surgery (GCS). In this context, we intended to highlight a number of strategies to reduce the inequalities that the TGD community is exposed to in accessing health‐care services.

Method

An online survey including the Turkish version of the Attitudes Toward Transgendered Individuals Scale (ATTIS) was completed by 224 physicians from relevant specialties. Scheffé and least significant difference (LSD) post hoc analysis methods were used to determine physicians' perspectives on whether genetic findings would cause TGD individuals to feel validated/invalidated. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis was employed to assess their responses concerning the decision to perform GCS when genetic alterations had been identified.

Results

More than half of the physicians expressed the view that genetic analyses for TGD individuals would confer benefits (67.1%). Those who thought that the presence of gender–diversity‐related genetic alterations would have a “positive impact” on their GCS‐related decision to operate were found to have less positive attitudes toward TGD individuals (Bonferroni corrected p < 0.001). Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that age, presenting the odds ratio as the strongest factor, distinguished the “no impact” group from the reference “positive impact” group, particularly among those aged ≤ 35 years (3.299, 95% CI: 1.355–8.033; p = 0.009).

Conclusion

Although genetic analysis of TGD individuals is predicted to have a positive effect on physicians' attitudes toward them and on the GCS decision‐making process, it should be emphasized that the benefits for TGD individuals must outweigh the potential harm. The results showed that physicians need “early and continuing education” to develop a comprehensive perspective on gender identity. The most appropriate approach for genetic testing would be to include the TGD community in decision‐making processes and to develop guidelines for the interpretation of genetic data.
Immune Cells and Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Causal Investigation Through Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Mo Liumei , Pan Wei , Cao Wenjing , Wang Kui , Huang Li'an
Published: January 2025

Background

The involvement of immune cells in the pathophysiology of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is becoming increasingly recognized, yet their specific causal contributions remain uncertain. The objective of this research is to uncover the potential causal interactions between diverse immune cells and ICH using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods

Genetic variants associated with 731 immune cell traits were sourced from a comprehensive genome‐wide association study (GWAS) involving 3757 participants. Summary statistics data for ICH were acquired from FinnGen, comprising 4056 ICH cases and 371,717 controls. The principal analytical tool utilized in our study was the inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method, incorporated as a key component of a two‐sample MR approach. To mitigate potential biases and verify the stability of the conclusions drawn from the primary analytical methods, a series of sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results

MR analysis elucidated 33 immune cell traits with causal associations, comprising B cells (eight traits), conventional dendritic cells (cDC, two traits), maturation stages of T cells (two traits), monocytes (two traits), myeloid cells (five traits), TBNK cells (six traits), and regulatory T cells (Treg, eight traits). DP (CD4+CD8+) %T cell (OR = 0.83, CI = 0.72–0.96, p = 0.013) exhibited the strongest protective effect. In contrast, transitional AC (OR = 1.09, CI = 1.02–1.16, p = 0.006) and IgD− CD27− %lymphocyte (OR = 1.08, CI = 1.00–1.17, p = 0.045) showed a higher tendency to increase the ICH risk. The sensitivity analyses validated the robustness and consistency of these results.

Conclusion

Our research provides robust evidence substantiating the causal relationship between specific immunophenotypes and ICH risk. The identification of these findings significantly enhances our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying ICH, particularly pertaining to the immune system. This breakthrough paves the way for innovative clinical and pharmaceutical research opportunities, potentially promoting the development of targeted therapies and enhanced strategies for managing and preventing ICH.