bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The modern way of performing construction management responsibilities
Authors: Puolitaival T , Kähkönen K
Published: December 2022

Digital technologies are becoming increasingly wide-spread both in our personal and in our professional lives. This change has been evident also in the construction industry, although the industry has been identified as one of the least digitalised industry sectors. This research investigates how various digital technologies have become and are becoming part of construction management responsibilities. Construction management responsibilities have been identified through a document analysis as eight responsibility groups including management of time, cost, quality, health and safety, environmental factors, resources, and contracts, and development of human resources and processes. Construction management related digital technologies on the other hand have been identified through a document analysis and a systematic literature review and categorised under communication and other enabling technologies, technologies combining hardware and software in intelligent systems, and data technologies. The way how the construction management responsibilities and the digital technologies interlink forms a description of the modern way of performing construction management responsibilities. Some of the technologies are in everyday use across construction management professionals, however, many are at their pilot stage offering a perspective not just to the present but to the near future for the whole discipline.
Trends in Residential Building Materials in the State of Victoria
Authors: Paton-Cole V , Crawford R H , Turnbull R , Fitzgerald E , Michalewicz A , Garber J
Published: December 2022

As the population in Victoria continues to grow, there has been a corresponding increase in building approvals across the State. Houses characterised as low-rise residential buildings often take the largest share of these approvals, with incessant residential building activities being driven by record low interest rates. Low-rise residential buildings comprise various building forms that use a number of specified construction materials to construct the building envelope and other structural and non-structural elements. As materials used for constructing residential building envelopes continue to evolve, these materials must be fit for purpose, and satisfy design criteria and performance requirements, while being aesthetically pleasing. This research analyses the trend in construction materials used in building envelopes of low-rise residential buildings using data from building permits issued between 1996 to 2019. The trend analysis shows that traditional double brick wall systems and suspended timber floors have reduced in popularity for houses built in the 21st century. The analysis also shows that brick veneer wall cladding systems built over slab-on-ground footings is the dominant construction form while the roof cladding material is influenced by geographical location. Insights from the data analysis indicate very little innovation has emerged in materials for residential building envelopes despite its crucial role in providing thermal comfort for inhabitants. Results from this research will serve as a basis to provide quantitative assessment of the trend in materials resource; provide insights about the impact of new building envelope products on existing industries; and perspectives on materials for future building envelopes.
A Survey of Phnom Penh Apartment Shophouses’ Conditions for Future Housing Adaptability Revitalization in Phnom Penh
Authors: Pengly K , Tirapas C
Published: December 2022

Phnom Penh, Cambodia, has planned to be one of the liveable and sustainable cities by improving the living quality of citizens. However, the new living developments (high-rise apartments, townhouses, office buildings) have ignored the neighbourhood living conditions (mixed use and dense) and caused urban gentrifications. Moreover, the study also shows that new generations prefer a good quality home design responding to needs and lifestyles. These address opportunities for pursuing living design solutions according to the policies, people’s preferences, and pain points of existing housing designs. A typical urban residential type in Phnom Penh is Apartment Shophouses. In the past, they were a row of two-story buildings located in city areas. The ground units were for business purposes, while the upper floors were for multi-family living accessing from a courtyard in the middle. Presently, the Apartment Shophouses have changed into a row of 5-6 story, diversified-use, and lively buildings. Nevertheless, they lack maintenance, poor daylight, and ventilation. According to the policies and residents’ preferences, these challenges for the Apartment Shophouses revitalization into an adaptable, lively neighbourhood and good lifestyle building for the new generations. The study investigates the living and adaptive conditions of the Apartment Shophouses from the 40 residents via online questionnaires and 10 residents via interviews. The results show weak conditions and opportunities for building with quality improvement based on the Open Building approach.
An investigation on the effects of psychological contract (PC) towards site safety in the south Indian construction industry
Authors: Soundarya Priya M G , Anandh K S , Rajendran S , Sen K N
Published: December 2022

The construction sector is India’s second-largest industry, contributing to the country’s economy and providing many job opportunities. However, construction has been described as a hazardous industry with a high rate of injuries, accidents, and fatalities compared to other sectors worldwide. The “psychological contract of safety (PCS)” is one of the safety climate (SC) variables that influence worker safety behavior (WSB) actions on construction sites to improve safety. This research investigates the influence of SC factors on PCS and PCS on WSB in construction site safety. A quantitative research method has been adopted in this study, and the data is collected from the construction professionals working in South India. Statistical analyses were performed for the collected data; consisted of stepwise regression analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis to determine the significance of PCS. The findings disclose that in direct effect, four out of six SC factors contribute to enhancing PCS, namely supervisor safety behavior, co-worker safety behavior, worker involvement, and safety system, and it shows that PCS influences WSB. In indirect effect of SC factor on WSB two factors positively influence namely: supervisor safety behavior, co-worker safety behavior and remaining two negatively influences. The outcome of this study helps the construction professionals to improve safety performance by fulfilling their obligations and improving WSB in construction sites.
Application of Open Building Theory in the Regeneration of Old Residential Building
Authors: Hai M , Zhou B , Fan Y , Li Z
Published: December 2022

This research is based on the refinement and diversification demand of housing stock quality improving in China. The paper focuses on the complexity of built environment in old residential areas, which involves numerous responsibilities and rights and multi-role cooperation in the process of regeneration. This paper studies the application of open building theory and its derivative theories in the area of housing regeneration, researches the current situation of policies, mechanisms and design methods for the regeneration of old residential areas in China and discusses the theoretical applicability of open building theory in the design practice of old residential building renewal methods in China. The study investigates the situation of the old residential areas in renovation, divides the responsibility and right relationship between the participants and building components by levels, and establishes a localized theoretical model for the regeneration strategy design of the old residential buildings in China. This study will provide scientific theoretical support for the constructing of a sustainable mechanism involving professional decision-making, long-term management and capital introduction, for the build of a multi-dimensional quality improving regeneration of the old residential areas in China.
Implementation of a novel data-driven approach to optimise UK offsite housing delivery
Authors: Ashayeri I , Goulding J , Heesom D , Arif M , Moore N , Obi L , Ahmed N , Saini M
Published: December 2022

Several countries have started to more purposefully apply advanced offsite delivery approaches to meet specific housing shortages. The United Kingdom (UK) is no exception. Whilst the concepts and benefits of Modern Methods of Construction are ‘typically’ well understood, it is generally accepted that there is a paucity of knowledge on the actual understanding of optimization per se, ergo, the interrelationships between processes, and the wider understanding of ‘pooling’ [resource management] to promote and maximize synergy - especially to target areas of lag or bottlenecks. In this respect, the research methodological approach adopted in this paper used a single case study to critically evaluate an offsite steel-frame solution for the offsite market to deliver social housing. This approach also evaluated the potential of Generative Design, Discrete Event Simulation, and Digital Twins. Findings of this ongoing research include new opportunities and strategies for these technology-driven solutions, culminating in the development of a new conceptual offsite hub-and-spoke model. These are presented for discussion. This model allows decision-makers to interact with data in order to optimise solutions in line with demand and resource requirements.
Stakeholder engagement and collaboration in overcoming the constraints to delivering low carbon buildings in high-rise high-density cities
Authors: Madhusanka H W N , Pan W , Kumaraswamy M M
Published: December 2022

The building stock in high-rise high-density cities is a principal contributor to global anthropogenic carbon emissions. Even though there are many commitments and action plans, an effective uptake in the delivery of low carbon buildings (LCBs) is not evident in high-rise high-density contexts due to several prevailing constraints. Despite many studies in the arena of LCBs, only a few have focused on analysing stakeholder ‘engagement’ and ‘collaboration’ towards identifying and addressing constraints to delivering LCBs. This paper addresses this gap by employing a Social Network Analysis (SNA) based methodology to explore the required engagement and collaboration of stakeholders in addressing constraints to delivering LCBs in high-rise high-density cities. In total 21 constraints to delivering LCBs were identified through a systematic literature review followed by a questionnaire survey covering Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia (Sydney and Melbourne), UAE (Dubai and Abu Dhabi) and Qatar. Furthermore, 15 influential stakeholder categories were identified from the literature. Subsequently, a two-round Delphi survey was conducted to map the engagement of stakeholders over the constraints and to develop the input dataset for SNA. The SNA results revealed the stakeholders’ influencing ability over each of the identified constraints and their significance in terms of their position in the developed social network structures. The findings should benefit industry practitioners by providing useful insights into potential engagement and collaboration channels for smoothly addressing the constraints to delivering LCBs.
Human Rights, Disability, and Construction: How responsive are building regulations to changing community attitudes towards housing for people with a disability?
Authors: Martel A , Paton-Cole V
Published: December 2022

Responsibility for housing people with a disability has rested with government and the charity-medical model of disability encouraged institutionalized accommodation. However, since the mid-2000s, the introduction of a person-centred approach has seen government’s legislate programs that facilitate people with disabilities living in the community. This shifted supply of appropriate housing to the private-sector and placed a focus on whether current building regulations are capable of regulating in this space. This paper explores the history of building regulations in Australia, in parallel with the history of treatment of people with a disability. The normalization of institutionalizing people with a disability was reflected in early building codes in Australia, continuing from the 1840s until the 1980s when disability theory began to change – but not building practice in Australia. The decisive break between the approach to disability accommodation (person-centred) and the institutional model in building regulations occurred with the move to the National Construction Code (NCC) in the 1990s. The introduction of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) in 2014 highlighted the disconnect when a market-based housing model was proposed that proved difficult to implement with current NCC settings. This study highlighted the complex interaction between existing policy settings and identified the scope for individual interpretation of the code around key concepts. These include building classification, single-occupancy units, and fire safety. As a consequence of the institutional model for disability accommodation enshrined in the NCC, the NDIS is undermined in accommodating people in the community, due to uncertainty and confusion within the private-sector industry that has impacted the cost and quality of the housing produced.
The institutional framework of construction safety management: A case study of Sri Lanka
Authors: Melagoda D G , Rowlinson Steve
Published: December 2022

The Sri Lankan construction sector continued to boom in the last decade reporting a 6.78 per cent growth in GDP in 2019. Nonetheless, construction accident statistics recorded 40 fatal and 59 non-fatal accidents in 2019. There is a serious lack of safety management in construction companies in Sri Lanka. The reason is largely attributable to the lack of an institutional mechanism to ensure accountability, planning, prioritising, reviewing, learning, and training for continuous improvement of safety. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the system of laws, regulations, and procedures, and stakeholders with their roles and norms that shape construction safety. The study explored how national level and industry level institutions are linked to construction safety management systems in Sri Lanka through document review and interviews with personnel from the Department of Labour, Construction Industry Development Authority, construction companies, professional bodies, and academic institutes. The Factories Ordinance, No. 45 of 1942 is the main legislation applied to construction safety enacted in the colonial period, thus, no improvements are made to industry -specific requirements and technological advancements. Neither, the Construction Industry Development Authority has any standards, guidelines, or codes of practices to conform to safety. Major construction companies align with international standards (ISO 9000, 14000; OHSAS 18000) to win major construction projects. It indirectly affects maintaining a safe work environment. Therefore, Sri Lanka needs to focus on an industry-level institutional mechanism to improve the safety management system. Further, support from educational and training institutes, trade associations, and professional bodies is necessary to push forward the importance of safety.
Regeneration Design Study Based on Long-lasting Building Strategy of Typical Chinese Work-live Unit in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Wang Q , Shen K , Xu M C
Published: December 2022

After rapid urbanization from last several decades, Pearl River Delta area (PRD) in China gradually steps into an urban regeneration process, especially in the field of housing sector. However, neighbour and housing reform activities in last few years focused on the inner prat of the cities where are mainly historical districts or chaotic urban villages. While another large proportion of housing in “Dan Wei” has been ignored. It is a typical Chinese working unit combined with living and other activities, but currently faces new challenges of social and functional transformation. Although a new regeneration design strategy: “Micro-upgrading”, was firstly proposed in Guangzhou and specific for this neighborhood typology, it still cannot ideally resolve its core negative issues in last few years. Therefore, based on an architectural school’s design course, this study will select a region concentrated of “Dan Wei” units in Guangzhou, which is the core city of PRD. By making use of “Open Building” theory and “Level” strategy, some valuable research outcomes and design solutions will be discussed and proposed.
Factors predisposing public tertiary education building projects to risks
Authors: Adedokun Olufisayo , Aje Isaac , Adedokun Deborah , Egbelakin Temitope
Published: December 2022

The studies show that risks occur during the construction of projects and affect performance in terms of cost, time, and quality. However, with the growing evidence of cost and time overruns associated with public tertiary education building projects, this paper assessed factors predisposing these building projects to risks. Using the survey method, four hundred fifty-two questionnaires were administered to consultants, contractors, and client representatives across five tertiary education institutions. The research instrument’s reliability value was 0.763 via the Cronbach alpha test. Therefore, of 452 questionnaires administered to the respondents, 279 were retrieved, representing 61.73% return rate, and analysed. Furthermore, the top three factors include financial constraints, location of the project, and project type. In contrast, economic requirements, special and legal conditions, and building use are the minor predisposing factors. The respondents had convergent views on eight out of eleven factors except for project duration, economic requirements, and building use. Besides, the eleven factors presented in the study were significant and recorded high mean scores, implying suitable parameters for measuring factors predisposing public tertiary education building projects to risks. Based on the preceding, the study provided information on the factors that could enhance the performance of public tertiary education building projects.
Crisis Driven Literature in PPPs: A Network Analysis
Authors: Castelblanco Gabriel , Guevara Jose
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 crisis has simultaneously triggered a global economic crisis whose consequences will lead to a dichotomy where several governments’ debt has grown to unprecedented levels and simultaneously is required to promote new infrastructure supply. This global economic crisis scenario endangers current Public-Private Partnership (PPP) programs given their dependence on payment from the user and/or government subsidies in long-term lifecycles. This study aims for unravelling the PPP research agenda derived from the last global economic crisis in 2008 and the current one for understanding the trends developed as a tool for building a post-pandemic PPP research agenda. For understanding the last global financial crisis PPP literature review and its time and geographic evolution since 2008, this study developed a literature review employing Network Analysis. Therefore, crisis- and PPP-related keywords were combined for establishing the search in the Web of Science database. After removing duplicate papers, 67 peer-reviewed articles were identified for recognizing underpinning topics, potential gaps, and time evolution. The network analysis revealed seven clusters driven by payment sources (i.e., public financial aspects, user payments, and demand), contract mechanisms (i.e., contractual governance, and risk valuation), and project performance (i.e., project performance under crisis and project efficiency). This paper contributes to the PPP body of knowledge by unraveling the post-global economic crisis agenda and its gaps in proposing a new research agenda for overcoming the consequences of the global economic crisis derived from the COVD-19 pandemic.
Ergonomics in construction robotics and human-robot teams in the AEC domain: a review
Authors: Onososen A O , Musonda I
Published: December 2022

Over the last decade, the potential and prospects for using robotics for various construction activities have increased, particularly for dangerous work areas such as roof construction, construction in hazardous environments, and improving productivity while shielding construction workers from strenuous work and accidents. As there have been concerns about human factors in collaborating robotics with humans on construction worksites, ergonomics in human-robot teams’ research is critical to enhancing the advantages and adoption of collaborative robots in improving the productivity of construction workers and the competitiveness of construction organisations. This study reviews the emerging trends in human-robot teams and ergonomics in robotics, focusing on addressing the grey areas in human-robot teams’ body of knowledge. A systematic review of publications from similar industries with extensive studies on human-robot teams and factors applicable to the built environment were identified. The study summarises articles that have emerged over the last decade and highlights the emerging nature of robotics collaboration, ergonomic development and the interplay between robotics design and construction robotics ergonomics. Its outcome benefits AEC research and practice in building knowledge in construction human-robot collaboration, guiding practice and design in robotics by focusing on critical ergonomic issues.
Digitalisation of the building permit process - a case study in Italy
Authors: Fauth J , Malacarne G , Marcher C
Published: December 2022

Building permitting plays a significant role in a building’s life cycle because without a building permit a legal construction fails. However, digitalization in building permit authorities is rare in global context and issuing a building permit is still mostly a manual and time-consuming process. Moreover, a gentle instrument that authorities do not feel overwhelmed with is missing so far. Hence, a BIM-oriented and process-based web application prototype was developed in preliminary research. This research aims at validating and testing the BIM-oriented and process-based web application prototype by analysing the building permit processes in relation to digitalization and promotion of BIM usage by means of a specific case study. For this purpose, an empirical study using qualitative expert interviews in a building permit authority in South Tyrol (Italy) is conducted. The results shed light on the level of acceptance and plausibility of the web application prototype, as well as the ability of the prototype to assist building permit authorities within their review process.
Measuring agricultural loss and the impact of differing dwelling types: A case study Melbourne
Authors: El Wazan Jean-Pierre , Edirisinghe Ruwini
Published: December 2022

Agricultural land loss is a severe issue that Australia faces, along with many other countries. A myriad of research studies discussed the repercussions and reasons for such land loss, including urban sprawl as the main factor. However, there is a knowledge gap in understanding the impact of dwelling type on farming land reduction. Also, there is an application gap, particularly in the local context. This paper aims to fill these research and practice gaps through a case study using a mixed methodology approach. A quantitative analysis of housing types, their growth and agricultural land area taken up by those different housing types over 18 years was conducted. Thematic analysis of policies, strategies, schemes, and codes relevant to the case study enabled a better understanding of practice gaps. The findings revealed a significant loss of agricultural land. Separate housing was found to be the main culprit due to its more substantial number and area size, thus exhibiting the lack of practical guidelines to prevent their overdevelopment. Findings enabled to identify the opportunities for better practice through government interventions and potential industry alterations. These approaches could contribute to reducing or ending the loss of agricultural ready land within areas observing population growth.
Public-Private Partnerships for Transit-Oriented Development: a case study on the potential of Hobart, Australia
Authors: Wong P , Leung D , Lai J
Published: December 2022

Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) has been popular for urban development, especially for cities with transport network expansion. While TOD has been proved effective in facilitating mass transportation and making optimal use of property development, it is hardly a one-stop development strategy for solving issues such as traffic congestion. In this study, the city of Hobart is investigated with reference to the TOD metrics and experiences of public-private partnership (PPP). Hobart authorities have attempted to provide better living and working conditions while facing the problems of economic development and traffic congestion. The TOD metrics are proposed for application at different stages: (1) Travel Behaviour, (2) The Local Economy, (3) The Natural Environment, (4) The Built Environment, (5) The Social Environment, and (6) The Policy Context. Based on a literature review, a set of PPP metrics is proposed for the Hobart’s potential TOD framework. Drawn from on-site observations, key transport issues of Hobart are examined with the application of the PPP and TOD metrics. The results of this study could serve as a reference for regional cities in formulating their TOD strategies via PPP.
Making BOT Model Great Again: Revisiting the BOT standard concessions and exploring the expectations
Authors: Dolla T , Delhi V S K , Laishram B
Published: December 2022

Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model of public-private partnerships (PPPs) are among the most popular infrastructure delivery models used by governments across the globe. Yet, concession agreements are criticized for being dispute prone. This study identifies a few areas where BOT projects are often challenged and proposes further interventions. Interviews with the private developers and the transactions advisory provided the necessary evidence for exploring the expectations of revising the BOT Concessions. The study found interventions that the private sector stakeholders suggest. These interventions span over the procurement, construction, and operation phases of the infrastructure delivery and are argued to build a rubber wall that can absorb the impacts of risk events. The suggested interventions would be helpful to policymakers to understand the prevailing challenges and expectations of the private sector developers. Future BOT concessions can be less dispute prone by deliberating and effectuating a mutually beneficial bargaining power. This study did not focus on the public sector perspective and their challenges for not considering these alternatives. Future studies need to expand to make the results more amicable and implementable. BOT concession model is popular but ever evolving. This study challenges the status quo by identifying a few challenges to be considered for increasing its effectiveness.
Social Housing Retrofit Living Lab: Methodological Approach
Authors: Awwal S , Soliman-Junior J , Ayo-Adejuyigbe M , Tzortzopoulos P , Kagioglou M
Published: December 2022

Social Housing Retrofit offers positive social, financial and health improvements for low-income populations. However, the stakeholders in such projects might have conflicting needs and interests, thus hampering the retrofitting process. Living labs can play a vital role in supporting mediation amongst stakeholders and thus help alleviate such challenges. Living Labs (LLs) are user-centred initiatives for the development of innovative solutions in real-life contexts through a collaborative process. User involvement is vital in the LLs’ innovation process. This paper describes the setup of a Social Housing Retrofit LL from a methodological perspective. Existing literature reporting LLs often lacks clarity on its description of the LLs underlying methodological approach. The main contribution of the paper is to depict the living lab as a method based on the social housing retrofit context. The proposed solution i.e., the LL methodological approach, is described at a detailed level, including its main activities, and expected outcomes. The approach can bring together residents and other stakeholders, leveraging knowledge sharing, collaboration, and co-creation through their involvement in the retrofit process. The solution is evaluated in contrast to existing literature, and it should be implemented in the future throughout the development of an ongoing research project U-VITAL.
Social Housing Provision in Rural Areas: Lessons learned from a Historic Analysis of Council House Building in a Small Town in Rural England
Authors: Burt Richard
Published: December 2022

History shows that one successful method of addressing poverty and inequality is by providing social housing. In England during its post war peak, local authorities, such as borough, urban and rural district councils, built thousands of “council” houses. The common perception of the “council” estate is of huge developments such as in Beacontree built by the London County Council, but construction took place on a smaller scale in rural districts and much can be learned from studying how social housing was provided in these areas. Princes Risborough in Buckinghamshire is an excellent example of council housing provision before and after WW2. Archival data was used to analyze and evaluate the council house-building program from 1919 to 1953. Beginning in 1919 with 10 workers cottages built under the powers of the Housing and Town Planning Act 1919 and ending in 1953 with the erection of 164 “Wimpey” no-fines concrete houses, the Wycombe Rural District Council built 790 dwellings. By the time of the 1961 Census after the WRDC postwar building program effectively ended in 1953 council houses accoutned for about 40% of the homes in the town and the population doubled since 1921. Records show construction of the dwellings helped develop a thriving local construction economy fueled by procurement with local builders, constructing as few as two units. Only toward the end of the building period were contracts let in large quantities when non-traditional construction methods were adopted.
BIM and the future of architecture teaching
Authors: Salgado M S
Published: December 2022

Innovations offered by digital technologies to architecture, civil engineering and construction can significantly alter professional practices. Among the alternatives, BIM (Building Information Modeling) can accelerate the design management through a process based on the interoperability, leading architects, and engineers to work collaboratively. Since 2007, there was a huge increase on research related to BIM possibilities. However, the rapid pace of research has not been accompanied by the necessary changes in the curriculum of architecture and civil engineering undergraduate courses. In Brazil, Decree No. 9,983 of 2019 stablished the basis for BIM’s National Strategy, starting initiatives to leverage actions promoting gains in productivity and competitiveness in the civil construction sector. This paper presents the results of a research that aims to analyses the potential of BIM Domain Model Uses as an alternative to stablish a pathway for including BIM in architecture undergraduate teaching process. A case study has been conducted in two phases: the analysis of the current curriculum of the architecture undergraduate course of a Brazilian Faculty and the analysis of the new curriculum recently approved by the institution. Preliminary result allows to identify alternatives to include BIM since the first periods of the course, increasing gradually in complexity until the capstone project. Among the aspects to be considered, the adoption of a collaborative teaching process is the most important. However, the mindsets and attitudes need to change to fully take advantage of BIM potentialities in architecture teaching.
Statistical cost modelling for preliminary stage cost estimation of infrastructure projects
Authors: Atapattu C N , Domingo N D , Sutrisna M
Published: December 2022

Reliable and accurate cost estimates are essential to construction projects. They are even more critical in infrastructure projects as they require more time, cost, and public constraints. Therefore, a better cost model is required for infrastructure projects. An extensive literature review was carried out to identify various statistical modelling techniques and models, as well as models developed using these techniques. The literature identified seven statistical modelling techniques. They are; regression analysis, Monte-Carlo simulation, support vector machine, case-based reasoning, reference class forecasting, artificial neural networks, and fuzzy logic. These techniques were all used in various cost models developed for construction projects. According to the analysis of results, neural networks and support vector machine-based models displayed better performance in their cost estimation models. However, it was found that combining several techniques into a hybrid model, for example, the neuro-fuzzy hybrid, can significantly increase these results. Thus, the reliability and accuracy of the current estimation process can be improved with these techniques. Finally, the techniques identified as having better performance can be used to develop a cost estimation model for the preliminary stage. This is because these techniques perform well even though the availability of information is lower. The results of this research are limited to the seven identified techniques and the literature used in the review.
Demolition project management pathways: the route towards circular demolition
Authors: Osaily Yazan , Copping Alex , McCann Stephen
Published: December 2022

Demolition pathways in academic literature are divided into two main categories: conventional demolition and selective demolition. While conventional demolition is deemed a wasteful approach, selective demolition is considered a sustainable solution moving away from the destruction approach of conventional demolition to one that emphasises materials recovery. Currently, there is much contradiction in the academic literature as to the categorisation of demolition pathways. This is compounded by a mis-match between the reality of demolition pathways in practice and observations made in literature. This paper, therefore, sets out to explore the demolition pathways from the perspectives of demolition engineers operating in the UK. Data was gathered from twelve in-depth semi-structured interviews. The findings show that demolition pathways, from the industry’s point of view, are categorised under three main headings: conventional demolition, sustainable demolition, and circular demolition. While conventional demolition is perceived as a wasteful approach, the findings show it is the most appropriate demolition pathway to implement in times of crisis. Sustainable demolition represents the current best practice in the industry, which is signified by a drive for recycling. And circular demolition is a step beyond sustainable demolition whereby building materials are retrieved to maximise reuse opportunities. The demolition engineers interviewed indicated that the demolition industry could contribute to circular demolition through early engagement with designers, establishing circular objectives in the tender process, disposing of waste following the order of the waste hierarchy, and providing a circularity feedback report at the end of each project.
Hygrothermal simulation and risk evaluation - A literature review and assessment of the applicability of the Lattice Boltzmann Method to derive the influence of convection on moisture behaviour in building components
Authors: Sarkany A , Bednar T
Published: December 2022

Since the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) showed promising ways in describing fluid flow and convective phenomena, this literature review gives an overview of the application of LBM to date in the realm of hygrothermal simulations (HAM). Furthermore, ways to apply LBM to derive the influence of convection on moisture transport in building components are assessed. This is achieved by a literature review which is carried out for specific fields of application of LBM which are intertwined with topics of hygrothermal simulations (Natural convection, Porous media, Flow through channels). The introduction is accompanied by a condensed theoretical overview of the used LBM-scheme in most of the reviewed literature. It could be seen that, in regard to these topics, the majority of simulations is carried out 2-dimensionally using mostly the D2Q9 model with single relaxation times. The reviewed literature shows LBM as a validated tool, solidifying the choice of LBM for our purposes. No coupling of LBM to HAM-simulations to derive the influence of convection on moisture transport could be found. In conclusion, the deduction of parameters like the permeability is identified as a potent subfield for the coupling of LBM and HAM-simulations for further research.
Facilities management and earthquake risk reduction: The TURNkey project
Authors: Jones K G , Mulder F , Morga M , Wanigarathna N
Published: December 2022

Reducing vulnerability and improving resilience of the existing built environment to disaster events is a complex multidisciplinary challenge in which facilities managers need to contribute an understanding of the impact that a disaster event could have on both their hard and soft facilities. Facilities managers also need to identify potential operational, physical and corporate adaptations/mitigations that can support continued business function during and after a disaster event. This paper describes work in progress to develop an earthquake forecasting, early warning and rapid response system that business and critical infrastructure organisations can use as part disaster risk reduction and business continuity planning. Focusing on theory and methods, the paper considers the different aspects of resilience from a facilities management perspective and presents findings from a participatory action research programme that developed a series of use-cases to explore the potential impact of earthquake forecasting, early warning and rapid response on an organisation’s vulnerability and resilience to an earthquake; and identifying physical, operational and organisational mitigation interventions that can reduce an organisation’s disaster risk. The paper concludes the need for facilities managers to understand the different aspects of resilience and to apply the most appropriate to their hard and soft facilities management systems.
Interfacing between FM and project phases through digital processes and collaborative practices
Authors: Lindkvist Carmel M. , Hafeld Adrian , Haugen Tore B.
Published: December 2022

Challenges and opportunities of creating value through information delivery from renovation projects to Facility Management is an ongoing issue for the built environment. Eight interviews were conducted with FM, project management and construction management involved in renovation projects to examine this issue closely. The finding support existing work from new project delivery in the need for ongoing coordination of information flows between projects and FM. However, there is less understanding on how this information is integrated into FM practices and the role of FM in project processes in creating long-term value of renovated buildings. The outcome is that there is a to incorporate FM into the current framework of project process as a continuous role to ensure FM knowledge is embedded in data systems. Both coordination processes and clear communication interactions is required to build meaning into data that can be adapted to different knowledge discipline bases working in different times and contexts across the building lifecycle. The research is relevant to practitioners and educators on illustrating how FM need to evolve and engage/be invited into projects decision-making that has long-term implication for FM services and digital systems throughout the building life-cycle.
Your vibe attracts your tribe – the adaptive reuse of buildings delivering aesthetic experience and social inclusion
Authors: Kyrö R , Lundgren R
Published: December 2022

A significant amount of embodied energy, materials, and economic capital is tied to vacant and underused buildings. Sharing is an effective way to reduce the excess use of space. Beside sharing, much more focus should be placed on maximizing the functional use of existing buildings. Adaptive reuse can be effective not only in mitigating obsolescence, but also in enhancing the vitality of site surroundings. This study aims to explore the potential of sharing and adaptive reuse in delivering circularity, with special focus on the social dimension. We engage in a qualitative, in-depth case study method using interviews, site visits, as well as document and social media reviews as data sources. We study two adaptive reuse projects, where the buildings have been repurposed for collaborative use. The first case is a former museum turned into co-working space, the second is a former industrial site turned into an arts centre. Our findings show that while adaptive reuse is inherently environmentally sustainable, the value delivery is through the social impact of the projects. The social impact can be divided into aesthetic experience, delivered through the preserved historic building, attractive site surroundings and creative content, and social inclusion, delivered through community engagement and accessibility.
Investigating the safety and security of the open campus using community-based facilities management and technological innovation principles: University of Cape Town
Authors: Moghayedi A , Le Jeune K , Massyn M , Michell K
Published: December 2022

Safety and security is a major issue affecting South Africa, especially within the context of Cape Town as it is one of South Africa’s most crime ridden metropolitans. The University of Cape Town (UCT) as a large open campus located in Rondebosch has also fallen victim to increasing levels of crime. The provision of safety and security is largely the responsibility of an organization’s facilities management services. Therefore, the study was undertaken to determine whether the University has implemented the Community-based Facilities Management (CbFM) principle of community participation to better understand and manage the needs of the community regarding issues of safety and security. The study was initiated with an investigation into the literature relevant to the research. This is followed by the research methodology which employed a mixed method approach and utilised both an online survey of the university community and semi-structured interviews with university executive management to obtain data from the single case study of UCT. The findings are then presented and establish an overall view of the provision of safety and security at UCT, the unique challenges management faces in doing so and the main safety and security issues affecting the community. The findings of study reveal that UCT has implemented community participation processes in the past with limited success. The processes implemented constitute a narrow perspective of community participation and a much smarter and inclusive perspective by using technological innovation is required in order for successful community participation to occur and to be successfully utilised in the provision of safety and security.
Decarbonisation of the urban built environment through vegetation-based carbon sequestration
Authors: Varshney K , Zari M P , Bakshi N
Published: December 2022

The impacts of climate change require a strategic improvement in design decision-making. Leading professionals are aiming for carbon-positive buildings that can achieve carbon sequestration by adding vegetation to buildings. Multiple references and case studies explored in this paper suggest that there is theoretical potential for cities to become carbon sinks by constructing carbon-positive buildings. However, determining effective strategies, and quantifying and monitoring carbon sequestration in buildings, requires a standardised approach so that this carbon sequestration potential can be measurably established. This paper provides two key outputs: firstly, the paper identifies strategies that could shift buildings towards being capable of active carbon sequestration. Secondly, the paper provides a methodological framework with four key considerations that building professionals can use to design for carbon sequestration. These are: understanding the site’s ecological, climatic, cultural and legal context; identifying response, pressure, state and benefits indicators to set carbon sequestration targets; considering site ecosystem functioning and carbon dynamics to strategise carbon sequestration through design; and preparing long-term monitoring, evaluation and management plans. This paper identifies two areas for further investigation: linking manual quantification methods with computer-aided methods; and utilising biomass data and growth models at the landscape, regional, and global levels for carbon sequestration assessment.
Design for Circularity: The Case of the Building Construction Industry
Authors: Dewagoda Kaveesha Gihani , Thomas Ng S. , Kumaraswamy Mohan M.
Published: December 2022

The role of design in transitioning towards a circular economy (CE) is strategic in the building construction industry as the potential for creating, developing, and sustaining circular value throughout the whole building life cycle is largely determined by the building design. Circular building design approaches that are being commonly deployed are often based on technical perspectives that assume buildings to be static products of the building construction industry. However, buildings are complex and dynamic with components and materials having their own individual life cycles, interacting dynamically with each other over space and time in a continual state of change. Moreover, changing stakeholder needs and expectations and other external factors add further layers of complexity in developing and sustaining the circular value created by the initial building design. Therefore, a holistic approach that accounts for the above contributors and integrates the building dynamism across its life cycle including stakeholder involvement, was ideated, based on the extant literature gap and the industrial need. The study conceptualised a holistic ‘design for circularity’ (DfC) framework based on a comprehensive literature review. The literature review was followed by 07 preliminary semi-structured interviews of relevant experts, so as to address relevant industry needs in developing this framework further. The findings enable the formulation of an overarching design centred framework to not only create, but also to develop and sustain circular value throughout the whole building life cycle, as presented in this paper.