bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personalized Movie Recommendation System
Authors: H K Shashikala , K Praghnya Iyer  , Himaja K R  , Rahisha Pokharel
Published: May 2023

In the digital world of today, where there is an infinite amount of content to consume, including movies, books, videos, articles, and so on, finding content that appeals to one's tastes has become challenging. On the other hand, providers of digital content want to keep as many people using their service for as long as possible. This is where the recommender system comes into play, where content providers suggest content to users based on their preferences. Web applications that offer a variety of services and automatically suggest some services based on user interest increasingly rely on recommendation systems. Different business services each play a significant role in the success of the current marketing field.
The personalize recommendation technique is one of the most valuable tools for providing personalized service on websites. When it comes to e-Commerce's online marketing efforts, this strategy is extremely useful. To build the proposal framework, the cooperative sifting is exceptionally helpful advances in the field of recommender frameworks. The accuracy of recommendation engines is the source of many issues in today's web. Therefore, a variety of strategies are utilized to enhance the recommendation system's diversity and accuracy. When generating recommendations, the fundamental recommender systems typically take one of the following into account: The Content-Based Filtering, which is based on the user's preferences, it describes things, and we use keywords other than the user's profile to show what the user likes and dislikes.
To put it another way, CBF algorithms suggest products that people have liked in the past or products that are similar to them. It looks at what you've liked in the past and suggests the best match, Or a collaborative filtering system makes recommendations for items based on how similar users and/or items are measured. The CF system only suggests products that are popular with similar types of users. The development of a movie recommendation system with category-based recommendations, more precise results, increased efficiency, and overcoming the cold start are the goals of this system.
Some aspects of digital transformation in postal sector
Authors: Blagojević Mladenka , Marković Dejan , Pejović Dragan
Published: May 2023

The fast growth in the use of technology in every sphere of people’s private and business life is an evidence of the digital acceleration process. This process affected also all companies and sectors. Today, electronic communications affect all business of postal operators. Postal operators are an integral part of the overall e-commerce experience, as the delivery services are a critical element of the e-commerce customer experience. Operators offer a wide range of services to meet the needs of all customers, embracing online and mobile technologies to provide competitive and convenient postal services. It is all part of the operator’s digital transformation process. The process of digital transformation of postal operators is a broad topic and in this paper only a part of possible aspects of consideration is given. Some of the challenges and opportunities related to digitalization of postal operators are presented. Also, the Integrated Index for Postal Development has been singled out, as well as the issue of sustainability of last mile delivery in conditions of digital transformation.
The impact of decarbonization on IC engine performance
Authors: Ćurguz Zoran , Pavlović Miroslav , Eremija Milan
Published: May 2023

Measurement of vehicle parameters before and after the decarbonization process is the main subject of research of this paper. Before the decarbonization process, a laboratory test of the passenger vehicle was performed, after the laboratory test, the decarbonization process was performed with a device based on water and electricity, without the use of chemicals to avoid harmful by-products, after which the laboratory test of the vehicle was performed again. The paper presents the results of vehicle performance testing in terms of exhaust emissions, engine power and fuel consumption before and after the decarbonization process. After the obtained results, a comparative analysis was performed, which aims to show the extent to which the decarbonization process contributes to the reduction of harmful gas emissions, as well as the impact of decarbonization on the power of the propulsion engine and fuel consumption. The obtained results indicate the possibility of further research in this field, due to the benefits that this process brings to vehicles, owners and the environment.
Basics of justification for the construction of the “Sarajevo West” business and logistics zone through the valorisation of the Sarajevo bypass lot 2a for the development of the transport system
Authors: Nanić Faris , Suljević Muamer , Jalovčić Esad , Demirovski Zlatko
Published: May 2023

Over the next decade, transport and logistics companies will have to adapt to a number of challenges, given the impact of global crises and wars, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the development of artificial intelligence and the rapid expansion of e-commerce. For a long time, business zones were considered a place of centralization of the manufacturing sector, but recently there have been more and more investments in the services and trade area. Today, the modern business zone contains all these branches of the economy and as such should be designed as multifunctional and with developed logistics to meet demands. It is crucial for a successful business logistics zone to choose a location and infrastructure which will make it attractive to the economy.
The impact of digitalization on the transformation of postal and logistics systems
Authors: Ninović Milena , Trubint Nikola , Dumnić Slaviša
Published: May 2023

The process of business digitalization has become inevitable for most industries. The logistics sector, one of the fastest-growing in the world, is also facing this challenge. Networking of all segments of the logistics and postal system through digitalization offers a lot of potentials to reduce costs and increase efficiency. The paper analyzes the possibilities for digitalization of business. Special attention is paid to some of the technologies that can be applied in the field of postal traffic and logistics. Also, there are some difficulties in initializing the digitalization process, that have been described.
Kapcsolódási pontok az élet keletkezéséről és elterjedéséről szóló természettudományos és teológiai elméletekben
Authors: Plank Zsuzsanna
Published: May 2023

A földi élet kialakulását a természettudományos világmodell alapján egy hosszú eseménylánc részfolyamataként tudjuk leírni. Jelen tanulmányban röviden ismertetjük ezt a folyamatot, kezdve a Föld bolygó, mint élettér kialakulásával, és eljutunk egészen a bioszféra mai állapotáig. Emellett áttekintünk néhány teológiai teremtéstörténetet azzal a céllal, hogy kapcsolódási pontokat találjunk a természettudományosan leírt és elfogadott eseménysorozattal.

A tanulmány első részében azonosítjuk a földi környezeti rendszer azon elemeit, melyek elengedhetetlenül szükségesek az élet fenntartásához. Megvizsgáljuk az életfeltételek kialakulásának és időbeli változásának folyamatát, majd összevetjük ezeket az ismereteket az Ószövetség, a Korán és egy amerikai őslakos törzs teremtéstörténeteivel. A következő részben az élet természettudományos definícióját és az élő szervezet kialakulásának folyamatát mutatjuk be. Végezetül megnézzük, hogyan népesítették be a Földet a kezdetben létrejött vagy teremtett életformák. 

A tanulmány segítséget nyújt ahhoz, hogy a földtani, kémiai és biológiai evolúció folyamatos láncolatához tudjuk kapcsolni az ószövetségbeli teremtési tevékenység egyes pontszerű eseményeit.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Derivatives for Skin Rejuvenation
Authors:   Irvine High School, 4321 Walnut Ave, Irvine, CA 92604, USA, Hu Jessica , Hao Jijun ,   College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
Published: May 2023

Skin aging is a process in which the collagen and elastin in the dermis layer of human skin gradually get lost as time passes, resulting in wrinkles and lack of resilience of the skin. As people’s aesthetic standards have constantly grown in the recent years, many tried to eliminate wrinkles to improve their appearance; consequently, the demand for anti-aging has as well increased in the market. In the wide research for anti-aging, multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) found in various sources including bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord and umbilical cord blood have been proved to eliminate wrinkles effectively by helping to promote collagen and elastin in the skin. In addition, MSCs also receive little or no response from human immune system, which is ideal for donor MSCs to be transplanted to other patients. In both preclinical and clinical studies, MSCs and their derivatives (such as MSC-derived conditioned medium and extracellular vesicles) have been proven to be beneficial in skin rejuvenation. This article specifically focuses on the recent advances in MSCs and MSCs-derivatives for skin rejuvenation.
Self-esteem and Psychological Distress of Students with Special Educational Needs in Higher Education
Authors:   Caritas Institute of Higher Education, NG Hoi Nga , BOEY Kam Weng ,   Caritas Institute of Higher Education, KWAN Chi Wai ,   The University of Hong Kong
Published: May 2023

In recent years, an increasing number of students with special educational needs (SEN) continue their studies into tertiary education. Students with SEN undergo a transition process that reveals more vulnerabilities and make additional efforts to cope with the challenges in higher education. This study investigated the self-esteem and psychological distress of students with SEN in higher education, drawing on secondary analysis of data gathered by the Annual Student Survey of one higher education institution in Hong Kong that included background information (e.g., demographic characteristics, SEN status, family income, etc.) and measures of self-esteem and psychological distress of depression, anxiety, and stress. Students were assessed at the beginning of an academic year (designated T1) and again at the beginning of the following academic year (designated T2). The results showed that the self-esteem of students with SEN deteriorated significantly at T2. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress also increased. The findings strongly suggest that supportive services should be provided for students with SEN to help them face the challenges of transition from secondary to tertiary education and assist them in coping with the challenges of higher education.
Analysis of The Influence of Socio-cultural Factors on Education of the Girl-child in Mubi Education Zone of Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Educational Foundations, Adamawa State University Mubi, Kojigili Stephen Tizhe
Published: May 2023

This study investigated the influence of socio-cultural factors on the girl-child education in Mubi Education Zone of Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study was a causal comparative research by design. The population of the study comprised all the female students of secondary schools in the five Local Government Areas of Mubi Education Zone. From the population, four out of the five Local Government Areas of the Education Zone were sampled using balloting method of simple random sampling technique and from each; two secondary schools were also randomly selected making a total of eight schools. Then from each of the eight secondary schools, fifty female students were sampled making a total of four hundred students. Three research questions and four hypotheses were postulated for the study. A set of structured questionnaire was the instrument used for the data collection where the data was analyzed using t-test statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). From the results of the findings of the study, it revealed that: socio-cultural factors contributed significantly to the influence of girl-child education in the zone; the challenges facing the girls to some extent differ between rural and urban areas; there was significant difference between the mean scores of the factors hindering the girl-child education based on religion; just to mention but a few. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that there is the need for cross cultural, interfaith and social integration as a way of encouraging parents to bring education to the doorstep of the girl-child in Nigeria; that the government and other stakeholders especially in women affairs in the study area should endeavour to constantly promote positive socio-cultural integration by preaching peaceful coexistence among people of differently socio-cultural background; and ways of creating favourable conditions which can discourage societal preference for male children and the traditional belief that the position of a woman is in the kitchen.
Inclusive Teaching Competency Model and its Applicability on Elementary School Teachers of Pune District in India
Authors:   Department of Education & Extension, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Chakravarty Devjani , Shinde Geeta ,   Department of Education & Extension, Savitribai Phule Pune University
Published: May 2023

The SDG 2030 Goal 4 emphasized Inclusive Education. This paper focuses on the Inclusive Teaching Competency (ITC) Model. ITC Model is a framework that represents the structure of inclusive teaching competency by defining its areas and individual competencies that are consist under each area. The ITC Model specifically deals with the competencies required for school teachers while teaching an inclusive classroom that includes children with or without disabilities. The purpose of this research paper is to elaborate on the applicability of this ITC model. The method of research is the survey method and the findings are in the form of quantitative data. The finding reflects the status of teachers with respect to inclusive teaching competencies. The model will be helpful for teachers for self-assessment of inclusive teaching competencies. Furthermore, it will assist school administration in designing need-based courses for school teachers towards in-service teacher training and orientation in inclusive teaching competencies.
The Spanish-Moorish Mudekhar code in the Crimean cultural landscape
Authors: Kotliar Elena Romanovna , Khlevnoi Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: May 2023

The subject of the study is the Spanish-Moorish Mudekhar code in the cultural landscape of the Crimea. The object of the study is the Spanish-Moorish stylistics in the decor of the architecture of the Crimea. The following methods are used in the work: culturological (ontological and semiotic) analysis in determining stylistic elements, the method of analysis of previous studies, the method of synthesis in identifying stylistic features of the Crimean architecture of the Modern period. The article reveals the following aspects of the topic: the features of the Spanish-Moorish Mudejar style and its application in the architecture of the Crimea of the Art Nouveau period, as well as the reasons for the popularization of this code in the cultural landscape of the Crimea are identified. The main conclusions of the study are: 1. The multiethnic Crimean cultural landscape is represented by the cultures of ethnic groups that inhabited the Crimea from ancient times to the present day. The main factor in the identification and self-identification of ethnic groups is religious affiliation, reflected in folk traditions. Folk art is the most characteristic example of the manifestation of ethnic identity. 2. The spread of the Spanish-Moorish Mudekhar style in Crimean architecture is not accidental, since the synthesis of eastern and Western features is organic for Crimea, which has been lying on the way "from the Varangians to the Greeks" since ancient times, at the intersection of trade routes from Europe to Asia. The Moorish style has become part of both the geographical and cultural landscape of the Crimea, organically entering the architecture of summer palaces and mansions. 3. A special contribution of the authors to the development of the topic is the identification and justification of the Mudekhar code as one of the most popular in the Crimean Art Nouveau style. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the identification and stylistic analysis of the Mudekhar code in the Crimean cultural landscape.
Digital currencies of central banks and cryptocurrencies. Role in compliance with tax legislation.
Authors: Valova Anna Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2023

The use of private digital assets based on distributed ledger technology and cryptography methods is increasing every year. The opportunities provided by crypto assets due to their special characteristics can be used when issuing digital assets controlled by the state. The subject of this article is the study of digital currencies of central banks (CBDC), the digital ruble, consideration of their differences from cryptocurrencies and the opportunities provided by them to strengthen tax control in the field of compliance with tax legislation by subjects of economic relations. The research was carried out using universal (analysis, generalization) and special legal methods of cognition (comparative legal, historical legal). The novelty of the study consists in updating approaches to identifying the essence of digital currencies of central banks, including the digital ruble and the possibility of their influence on compliance with tax legislation. As a result of the study, the author concluded that the need to introduce digital currencies of central banks is now under active study by the central banks of a large number of states. The advantages for users of these assets will be speed, availability of assets even in regions that are difficult to access for banking services and security from the state. For regulators, the introduction of these assets will reduce interest in cryptocurrencies, transactions with which are often made for illegal purposes, as well as give additional incentives in the fight against tax evasion.
Optical tools for visualizing and controlling human GLP-1 receptor activation with high spatiotemporal resolution
Authors: Duffet Loïc , Williams Elyse T. , Gresch Andrea , Chen Simin , Bhat Musadiq A. , Benke Dietmar , Hartrampf Nina , Patriarchi Tommaso
Published: May 2023

The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is a broadly expressed target of peptide hormones with essential roles in energy and glucose homeostasis, as well as of the blockbuster weight-loss drugs semaglutide and liraglutide. Despite its large clinical relevance, tools to investigate the precise activation dynamics of this receptor with high spatiotemporal resolution are limited. Here we introduce a novel genetically-encoded sensor based on the engineering of a circularly-permuted green fluorescent protein into the human GLP1R, named GLPLight1. We demonstrate that fluorescence signal from GLPLight1 accurately reports the expected receptor conformational activation in response to pharmacological ligands with high sensitivity (max ΔF/F
0
= 528%) and temporal resolution (τ
ON
= 4.7 sec). We further demonstrated that GLPLight1 shows comparable responses to GLP-1 derivatives as observed for the native receptor. Using GLPLight1, we established an all-optical assay to characterize a novel photocaged GLP-1 derivative (photo-GLP1) and to demonstrate optical control of GLP1R activation. Thus, the new all-optical toolkit introduced here enhances our ability to study GLP1R activation with high spatiotemporal resolution.
Prevalence and risk factors of recurrent aphthous stomatitis among college students at Mangalore, India
Authors: Manoj Matthew Antony , Jain Animesh , Madtha Saanchia Andria , Cherian Tina Mary
Published: May 2023

Background

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common oral mucosal diseases affecting an approximate 25% of the world’s population. Some common etiological factors are genetics, nutritional deficiencies, stress and immune dysfunction. There is currently no specific medication to treat the condition but RAS tends to heal by itself within a week or two. We aimed to explore about the prevalence and related risk factors of recurrent aphthous ulcers among college students aged 18–30 years who had been affected within the preceding six months prior to the study duration.

Methods

A questionnaire survey was conducted among 681 students from four colleges in Mangalore, Karnataka, India after obtaining the approval for the same from the respective colleges. Consenting participants returned a survey containing various questions. The collected data was then analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.

Results

Of the 681 participants, 322 (47.2%) were affected with RAS in the past six months which included 131 (40.6%) males and 191 (59.3%) females. Single mouth ulcers were the most common presentation seen among the study participants (74.2%). Factors showing statistically significant association were: family history of RAS (P < 0.001), known diabetics (P < 0.001), history of smoking (P < 0.001), oral trauma (P < 0.001), history of wearing braces/dentures (P < 0.001) as well as those using toothpastes containing sodium lauryl sulphate (P < 0.001), stress and lack of sleep (P < 0.001). The most common form of medication used were topical agents (43.1%) (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

There was a statistically significant association between the occurrence of RAS and family history of RAS, diabetes, smoking, history of braces/dentures, oral trauma, sodium lauryl sulphate toothpastes, lack of sleep, stress, menstruation, consumption of particular foods and beverages. Further research is needed in this field to truly understand the prevalence and risk factors of RAS and to help in discovering a treatment modality for this condition.
Chromosomal aberrations and prognostic analysis of secondary acute myeloid leukemia—a retrospective study
Authors: Song Mingzhu , Zhang Tun , Yang Dongdong , Xiao Hao , Wang Huiping , Ye Qianling , Zhai Zhimin
Published: May 2023

Background

Secondary acute myeloid leukemia (S-AML) patients generally have a poor prognosis, but the chromosomal aberrations of S-AML have been rarely reported. We aimed to explore the chromosomal aberrations and clinical significance in patients with S-AML.

Patients and methods

The clinical characteristics and karyotypes of 26 patients with S-AML were retrospectively analyzed. The overall survival (OS) was measured from the time of the patients’ transition to AML (i.e., at S-AML diagnosis).

Results

The study included 26 S-AML patients (13 males and 13 females), with a median age of 63 years (range, 20–77 years). They transformed from various hematologic malignancies or solid tumors; most of them were secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). About 62% of the S-AML patients showed chromosomal aberrations. The serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level in S-AML patients with abnormal karyotype was higher than those with normal karyotype. Apart from the differences in treatment regimens, S-AML patients with chromosomal aberrations had shorter OS (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

S-AML patients with abnormal karyotype have higher LDH levels and shorter OS than normal karyotype patients, and the OS of hypodiploidy was much shorter than hyperdiploid.
Diurnal tree-roosting by Eastern Horseshoe Bats Rhinolophus megaphyllus
Authors: Slade Christopher P. , Power David M.
Published: May 2023

The Eastern Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus megaphyllus is known to roost in caves, disused mines, tunnels and old buildings. Other tropical Rhinolophus species are reported to use tree roosts, but this has not been reported for R. megaphyllus. We describe the features of a R. megaphyllus tree roost identified on the mid north coast of NSW. The tree was monitored over a 10-year period before the tree's collapse during the 2019/2020 wildfires. The tree was not observed to be used in the maternity season. The discovery highlights the potential importance of hollow trees as habitat for species not previously recorded as using tree roosts. In addition, the discovery further identifies the need for consideration of changing fire management with the onset of warming and drying as part of climate change. Prevention of future conflagrations, as was witnessed during 2019/2020 fire season, should consider a range of options to help prevent the loss of valuable hollow-bearing habitat trees.
Comparative Impact of Solvent Extracts of Spondias mombin Leaves on In-vitro Antioxidant and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Evuen Uduenevwo Francis , Kpomah Enyohwo Dennis
Published: May 2023

The underlying cause of a number of neurological disorders is oxidative stress. Given the dearth of medications now available to treat such disorders and their accompanying detrimental impacts, an urgent need exists for the global identification of brand-new antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. This study evaluated the comparative impacts of the antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase activities of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of S. mombin leaves. The dried leaf samples of the plant were triturated. Following maceration of the powdered plant materials in each of the three extraction solvents (methanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate), the resulting solutions were separately subjected to lyophilization. The in-vitro antioxidant analysis was determined by employing the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assays. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory abilities of the various extracts were also evaluated using a standard protocol. The methanol extract showed the greatest DPPH scavenging (75.91%) and AChE inhibitory (40.17%) properties in the DPPH and AChE inhibitory assays, respectively. The DPPH and lipid peroxidation assays also demonstrated that all extracts had dose-dependent antioxidant properties. In addition, evaluations of each extract's ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation revealed that, at initial concentrations of 0.05 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L, the methanol extract displayed stronger LPO inhibitory effects (5.90%, 6.15%) than the n-hexane (4.00%, 5.4%) and ethyl acetate (3.26%, 3.99%) extracts. Nonetheless, the n-hexane extract showed a greater LPO inhibitory effect (10.00%, 10.34%) at higher dosages of 0.2 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L respectively. The results of this study have shown that methanol is the best solvent for exploiting the pharmacological benefits of S. mombin leaves thereby reasserting the numerous applications of the plant in traditional medicine. It has also paved the way for the development of novel therapeutic alternatives for a range of neurodegenerative disorders and other health concerns.
Relationship between Body Mass Index and Lumbar Disc Herniation in UKI General Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Wibhawa Patria Adri , Yudawijaya Agus , Wairisal Aldo Vivavaldi
Published: May 2023

Background: Nucleus Pulposus Herniation (NPH) is a disease in which the annulus fibrosus ruptures, causing the nucleus pulposus to protrude or bulge and press against the spinal canal, causing sciatic pain. One of the risk factors for Nucleus pulposus herniation was Body Mass Index (BMI).

Objective: This study aim the relationship between BMI and the incidence of Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) patients at UKI General Hospital from January to June 2020.

Methods: The subjects of the study were 24 patients with lumbar disc herniation who were treated at UKI General Hospital from January to June 2020 that were taken from medical records.

Results: 63 samples were analyzed that obtained 24 (38.0%) patients with lumbar disc herniation, and patients with lumbar disc herniation with BMI ≥ 23 as many as 18 subjects (75.0%).

Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between BMI and LDH patients at UKI General Hospital.
Assessment of Sociodemographics and Inflation-Related Stress in the US
Authors: Wu Cary , Louie Patricia , Bierman Alex , Schieman Scott
Published: May 2023

This survey study of US adults examines the association of stress experienced as a result of inflation with sociodemographic characteristics such as sex, race and ethnicity, education, and income levels.
Risk of Parkinson Disease Among Service Members at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
Authors: Goldman Samuel M. , Weaver Frances M. , Stroupe Kevin T. , Cao Lishan , Gonzalez Beverly , Colletta Kalea , Brown Ethan G. , Tanner Caroline M.
Published: May 2023

Importance

An increased risk of Parkinson disease (PD) has been associated with exposure to the solvent trichloroethylene (TCE), but data are limited. Millions of people in the US and worldwide are exposed to TCE in air, food, and water.

Objective

To test whether the risk of PD is higher in veterans who served at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, whose water supply was contaminated with TCE and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs), compared with veterans who did not serve on that base.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This population-based cohort study examined the risk for PD among all Marines and Navy personnel who resided at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina (contaminated water) (n = 172 128), or Camp Pendleton, California (uncontaminated water) (n = 168 361), for at least 3 months between 1975 and 1985, with follow-up from January 1, 1997, until February 17, 2021. Veterans Health Administration and Medicare databases were searched forInternational Classification of Diseasesdiagnostic codes for PD or other forms of parkinsonism and related medications and for diagnostic codes indicative of prodromal disease. Parkinson disease diagnoses were confirmed by medical record review.

Exposures

Water supplies at Camp Lejeune were contaminated with several VOCs. Levels were highest for TCE, with monthly median values greater than 70-fold the permissible amount.

Main Outcome and Measures

Risk of PD in former residents of Camp Lejeune relative to residents of Camp Pendleton. In those without PD or another form of parkinsonism, the risk of being diagnosed with features of prodromal PD were assessed individually and cumulatively using likelihood ratio tests.

Results

Health data were available for 158 122 veterans (46.4%). Demographic characteristics were similar between Camp Lejeune (5.3% women, 94.7% men; mean [SD] attained age of 59.64 [4.43] years; 29.7% Black, 6.0% Hispanic, 67.6% White; and 2.7% other race and ethnicity) and Camp Pendleton (3.8% women, 96.2% men; mean [SD] age, 59.80 [4.62] years; 23.4% Black, 9.4% Hispanic, 71.1% White, and 5.5% other race and ethnicity). A total of 430 veterans had PD, with 279 from Camp Lejeune (prevalence, 0.33%) and 151 from Camp Pendleton (prevalence, 0.21%). In multivariable models, Camp Lejeune veterans had a 70% higher risk of PD (odds ratio, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.39-2.07;P < .001). No excess risk was found for other forms of neurodegenerative parkinsonism. Camp Lejeune veterans also had a significantly increased risk of prodromal PD diagnoses, including tremor, anxiety, and erectile dysfunction, and higher cumulative prodromal risk scores.

Conclusions and Relevance

The study’s findings suggest that the risk of PD is higher in persons exposed to TCE and other VOCs in water 4 decades ago. Millions worldwide have been and continue to be exposed to this ubiquitous environmental contaminant.
Hypoxia‐Responsive Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Enhances the Crosstalk Between Ferroptosis and Immunotherapy
Authors: Cai Chengyuan , Zhu Junqiao , Huang Xiaobin , Xu Changda , Wang Zhenyu , You Tingting , Wang Xiao , Xiao Jisheng , Duan Xiaopin
Published: May 2023

The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) severely limits the clinical applications of cancer immunotherapy. Herein, a hypoxia‐responsive delivery system is constructed simply by coordinating ferric (Fe3+) with mitoxantrone (MTO), sulfasalazine (SAS), and hypoxia‐sensitive dopamine derivative of polyethylene glycol (PEG) using “one‐pot” reaction for the “closed‐loop” synergistic enhancement of ferroptosis and immunotherapy. Hypoxia‐sensitive PEG ensures the integrity of delivery system in circulation to prevent the premature leakage of drugs, and the detachment of PEG in the interior hypoxic TME can facilitate the deep penetration and the subsequent tumor uptake. The released iron and MTO induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while SAS inhibits the elimination of lipid peroxides by inhibiting SLC7A11 subunit of glutamate‐cystine antiporter, which synergistically induces immunogenic ferroptosis to promote dendritic cells maturation and T cells activation. The activated CD8+ T cells then release interferon γ (IFN‐γ) and in turn enhance ferroptosis by downregulating the expression of SLC7A11. As a result, the “closed‐loop” synergistic enhancement between ferroptosis and immunotherapy significantly prevents tumor growth and prolonged survival time of tumor‐bearing mice with no obvious systemic toxicity. The excellent therapeutic effect together with the scalable synthesis and controllable quality will promise its translation to clinic as a novel immunotherapy.
Advances and Prospects in Improving the Utilization Efficiency of Lithium for High Energy Density Lithium Batteries
Authors: Liu Jie , Zhang Yuhao , Zhou Jinqiu , Wang Zhenkang , Zhu Peng , Cao Yufeng , Zheng Yiwei , Zhou Xi , Yan Chenglin , Qian Tao
Published: May 2023

Lithium‐ion batteries have attracted much attention in the field like portable devices and electronic vehicles. Due to growing demands of energy storage systems, lithium metal batteries with higher energy density are promising candidates to replace lithium‐ion batteries. However, using excess amounts of lithium can lower the energy density and cause safety risks. To solve these problems, it is crucial to use limited amount of lithium in lithium metal batteries to achieve higher utilization efficiency of lithium, higher energy density, and higher safety. The main reasons for the loss of active lithium are the side reactions between electrolyte and electrode, growth of lithium dendrites, and the volume change of electrode materials during the charge and discharge process. Based on these issues, much effort have been put to improve the utilization efficiency of lithium such as mitigating the side reactions, guiding the uniform lithium deposition, and increasing the adhesion between electrolyte and electrode. In this review, strategies for high utilization efficiency of lithium are presented. Moreover, the remaining challenges and the future perspectives on improving the utilization of lithium are also outlined.
A Magnetic Binder‐Linked Air Electrode with Anti‐Pulverization Behavior for Rechargeable and Recyclable Zn‐Air Batteries
Authors: Sun Zhenyu , Ding Yi , Wang Cuie , Mao Peng , Wang Beibei , Ran Ran , Zhou Wei , Liao Kaiming , Shao Zongping
Published: May 2023

The increasing demand for energy, coupled with the continuing deterioration of the environment, has heightened people's desire for renewable energy storage technologies, such as rechargeable zinc‐air batteries (ZABs). However, the race for the developing ZABs usually focuses on the search for new materials, with less emphasis on electrode engineering and recycling. Herein, for the first time, a simple, scalable, and inexpensive electrode engineering and recycling strategy for ZABs is proposed based on the magnetic binder engineering of the cobalt‐implanted electrocatalysts. By manipulating the electrode with magnets, the ZAB can cycle for 1200 h (7200 cycles), and its anti‐pulverization behavior is revealed through in situ observation of a visual cell with an air electrode in the charged state. Moreover, the cobalt‐implanted electrocatalysts can be recycled from the spent ZABs using a magnetic force‐separation method. Additionally, the ZAB with the recycled electrocatalyst exhibits considerably prolonged cycling stability for over 500 h (ΔE = 0.86 V). This study not only enables the design of magnetic force‐engineered electrodes with improved battery performance but also provides sustainable solutions for recycling electrocatalysts for many possible applications beyond ZABs.
Efficient Synergism of Chemisorption and Wackenroder Reaction via Heterostructured La2O3‐Ti3C2Tx ‐Embedded Carbon Nanofiber for High‐Energy Lithium‐Sulfur Pouch Cells
Authors: Huang Zimo , Zhu Yuxuan , Kong Yang , Wang Zhixin , He Kelin , Qin Jiadong , Zhang Qitao , Su Chenliang , Zhong Yu Lin , Chen Hao
Published: May 2023

Lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries have been regarded as promising next‐generation energy storage systems due to their high energy density and low cost, but their practical application is hindered by inferior long‐cycle stability caused by the severe shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and sluggish reaction kinetics. This study reports a La2O3‐MXene heterostructure embedded in carbon nanofiber (CNF) (denoted as La2O3‐MXene@CNF) as a sulfur (S) host to address the above issues. The unique features of this heterostructure endow the sulfur host with synergistic catalysis during the charging and discharging processes. The strong adsorption ability provided by the La2O3 domain can capture sufficient LiPSs for the subsequent catalytic conversion, and the insoluble thiosulfate intermediate produced by hydroxyl terminal groups on the surface of MXene greatly promotes the rapid conversion of LiPSs to Li2S via a “Wackenroder reaction.” Therefore, the S cathode with La2O3‐MXene@CNF (La2O3‐MXene@CNF/S) exhibits excellent cycling stability with a low capacity fading rate of 0.031% over 1000 cycles and a high capacity of 857.9 mAh g−1 under extremely high sulfur loadings. Furthermore, a 5 Ah‐level pouch cell is successfully assembled for stable cycling, which delivers a high specific energy of 341.6 Wh kg−1 with a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio (E/S ratio).
Ultra‐Robust and Sensitive Flexible Strain Sensor for Real‐Time and Wearable Sign Language Translation
Authors: Wu Xuping , Luo Xuemei , Song Zhuman , Bai Yaoyao , Zhang Bin , Zhang Guangping
Published: May 2023

Flexible strain sensors with high sensitivity and high mechanical robustness are highly desirable for their accurate and long‐term reliable service in wearable human‐machine interfaces. However, the current application of flexible strain sensors has to face a trade‐off between high sensitivity and high mechanical robustness. The most representative examples are micro/nano crack‐based sensors and serpentine meander‐based sensors. The former one typically shows high sensitivity but limited robustness, while the latter is on the contrary. Herein, ultra‐robust and sensitive flexible strain sensors are developed by crack‐like pathway customization and ingenious modulation of low/high‐resistance regions on a serpentine meander structure. The sensors show high cyclic stability (10 000 cycles), strong tolerance to harsh environments, high gauge factor (>1000) comparable with that of the crack‐based sensor, and fast response time (<58 ms). Finally, the sensors are integrated into a wearable sign language translation system, which is wireless, low‐cost, and lightweight. Recognition rates of over 98% are demonstrated for the translation of 21 sign languages with the assistance of machine learning. This system facilitates achieving barrier‐free communication between signers and nonsigners and offers broad application prospects in gesture interaction.
Bright Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Well‐Modified Carbon Dots by Designing Co‐Host Systems to Balance Carriers’ Injection
Authors: Zhang Danyang , Wang Jingyu , Yin Jiaxuan , Ren Guozhu , Wu Ruixia , Li Xiaofang , Tian Long , Zhou Liang
Published: May 2023

Leveraging bright and stable carbon dots (CDs) for blue light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) is a prospective but challenging topic. Aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) of CDs and device engineering of CDs‐LEDs are two issues. Here, blue CDs with quantum yield of 59.75% are synthesized. Hydrogen bonds increase rigidity and facilitate luminescence, while polymer chains increase spatial resistance and resist ACQ. Then, solution‐processed blue CDs‐LEDs are assembled by blending CDs into poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) (PVK) as light‐emitting layer (EML). Furthermore, several other materials are also employed as the second host to reduce injection barrier, facilitate carriers’ transport, and balance carriers’ distribution. In particular, the blue CDs‐LED based on the co‐host system of PVK and 4‐[1‐[4‐[bis(4‐methylphenyl)amino]phenyl]cyclohexyl]‐N‐(3‐methylphenyl)‐N‐(4‐methylphenyl)benzenamine (TAPC) achieves a maximum brightness up to 827.60 cd m−2. This work is a step forward for applying CDs in LEDs.
Multimodal Wrinkle Micro‐Nanoarchitectonics by Patterned Surface Material Properties for Transformative Structural Coloration
Authors: Park Jun Gyu , Jeong Yeong Hoon , Ji Sungjoon , Bae Juyeol , Zhou Qitao , Kim Taesung
Published: May 2023

When an external stimulus is used to generate nanoscale wrinkles on the ductile top surface of a multilayered substrate, the geometrical and optical features are known to be controlled by the material and structural properties of the laminated film. Herein, a thin tri‐layer film is fabricated that can generate various wrinkles on transparent and flexible films in the presence of external mechanical bending. In particular, the wavelength of the wrinkles is shown to be controllable on the tens of nanometers scale by modulating the material properties of each layer. This active modulation plays a critical role in determining the resulting structural color spectra. In other words, the wrinkles function as a diffraction grating so that the film displays bright structural colors under bending conditions. After the bending stress is released, the wrinkles disappear, and the film returns to its transparent state. Finally, the remarkable potential of the material and structural patterning technique is demonstrated for structural coloration applications such as multimodal displays and novel barcode‐based anti‐counterfeiting.
Smart Wood Dual‐Action Off/On Versatile Switches Based On Highly Sensitive Electrical And Electromagnetic Mechanosensing Performances
Authors: Hu Ke , Zhang Jiayi , Lan Zhuyue , Meng Qingyu , Shi Shitao , Zhang Yunfei , Lei Yu , Sun Qingfeng , Shen Xiaoping
Published: May 2023

Smart electromagnetic (EM) functional materials that can arbitrarily utilize EM energy and reduce EM pollution are attractive for future EM devices in an information society; however, studies on precise EM interference (EMI) shielding and sensing are rare. In this work, dual‐action electrical and EM‐responsive mechanoreceptors are prepared from electrically conductive polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticle (NP)‐infiltrated anisotropic wood (PW) aerogels. The prepared PW aerogels are composed of curved stacked layers of aligned cellulose nanofibers, and can be reversibly condensed and reconstructed for conductive network control during cyclic compression. These PW aerogels can withstand up to 74% compressive strain in a tangential direction and exhibit pressing‐enhanced electrical conductivity and polarization loss. The piezoresistive gauge factor (GF) and linearity of the PW aerogels can be adjusted by varying the PPy deposition time, leading to varying GF values in the range of 1.87–4.62. During mechanosensing based on EMI shielding effectiveness (SE), rapid off/on switching between the EM wave transmission and shielding is achieved when the SE varies above and below the effective EMI shielding area (>20 dB) through continuous compression. Such dual‐action electrical/EM off/on wood aerogel switches provide opportunities for the development of advanced smart devices from biomass resources.
Temporal changes in soil profile chemical properties in an 18‐year grassland restoration in the US Mid‐Atlantic Coastal Plain
Authors: Sherman Leslie A. , Brye Kristofor R.
Published: May 2023

Many grassland restorations have been established in the United States over the past few decades, as native tallgrass prairies have often been converted to agriculture. However, only a few of the restorations have been initiated on the east coast of the United States. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the short‐ (∼3.5 years) and long‐term (∼15 years) changes in soil chemical properties among soil depths in a grassland restoration initiated in 1999 on previously cultivated, highly weathered soils of the Mid‐Atlantic Coastal Plain. Soil was collected in 2006 and 2018 to a depth of 20 cm and sectioned into 2.5 or 5 cm depth intervals and compared to pre‐burn conditions from 2003. Soil pH was 0.2 to 0.3 pH units lower in the 2.5–20 cm depth interval in 2018 compared to 2003. Extractable soil calcium was 25% lower and magnesium was 35% lower in the 2.5–5.0 and 2.5–20 cm depth intervals, respectively, in 2018 compared to 2003. Total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) were greater in the 2.5–5.0 and 2.5–10‐cm depths, respectively, in 2018 compared to 2003. Measured soil carbon (C) and nitrogen sequestration rates were 82 g TC m−2 year−1 and 0.27 g TN m−2 year−1 in the top 20 cm of soil. Grassland restorations contribute ecosystem services, including soil C sequestration; however, land managers may need to consider adding lime to grassland restorations on nutrient‐poor soils that are naturally acidic or have become acidified over time if the land is returned to agricultural production.
Quantification of senescence‐associated secretory phenotype proteins in the vaginal secretions of pre‐ and postmenopausal women with and without prolapse
Authors: Sawyer Polina , Shi Haolin , Keller Patrick , Brown Steven , Florian‐Rodriguez Maria
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Cellular senescence has been proposed as a pathophysiologic driver in the development of pelvic organ prolapse (POP), especially during aging. In this study, we aimed to determine if markers of cell senescence can be quantified from vaginal secretions collected from pre‐ and postmenopausal women with and without POP.

Methods

Vaginal swabs were collected from 81 women in four groups: premenopausal with (pre‐P) and without prolapse (pre‐NP), and postmenopausal with (post‐P) and without prolapse (post‐NP). Multiplex immunoassays (MagPix) were then used to detect and quantify the presence of 10 SASP proteins in vaginal secretions.

Results

The total protein concentration of vaginal secretions differed significantly among the four groups (P = 0.003) with highest mean concentrations in pre‐P [16, interquartile range (IQR) = 4.6, 38.3 μg/μL] and lowest mean concentrations in post‐P (4.4, IQR = 2.6, 7 μg/μL). The normalized concentrations of several SASP markers differed significantly among groups, with the highest concentrations being seen in the post‐P group, and the lowest concentrations being in the pre‐NP group. Using these key markers, we then constructed receiver‐operator curves to determine the relative sensitivity and specificity of these markers in predicting prolapse.

Conclusions

In this study, we found that SASP proteins can be detected and quantified in vaginal secretions. Several of these markers were differentially expressed among the four groups studied, with the highest normalized concentrations of SASP markers found among postmenopausal women with prolapse. Overall, the data support the theory that senescence is associated with prolapse during aging but that other factors may be important in younger women who develop POP before menopause.