bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFORMATION MODELS OF PROFESSIONAL ARTICLES ON LIBRARY AND INFORMATION ACTIVITIES
Authors: Martynova E. V. , Shcherbinin A. A.
Published: December 2019

The essay designates information models of texts. The formal features of basic information models – functional- stylistic and functional- semantic – are specified. Particular attention is paid at special models of professional texts of articles on library and information topics, reflecting genre, composition and content features. Stressed is an important role of information modeling for teaching professionals-non-philologists copyright skills.
Investigation of the Variables Affecting the Students’ Science Achievement with Multilevel Regression Model
Authors: ULUTAN Ezgi , ÇOBANOĞLU AKTAN Derya
Published: December 2019

This study investigated
the variables affecting the science achievement of eighth-grade students by
multi-level regression analysis. The variables included in this research were
students’ attitudes, confidence level, value, engagement in science,
socioeconomic status, school type, school region, and teacher experience. The
study group consisted of 1049 students and 41 teachers. In the first research
question, differences in students’ science achievement scores among their
schools were investigated. According to the results, the students’ achievements
differed among their schools. Approximately 16.3% of the differences observed
in science achievement were stem from the differences among schools, and 83.6%
stem from the differences among students. In the second research question,
student characteristics that explain the differences among the science
achievements of the schools have been examined. Students’ socioeconomic level,
attitude, and confidence level were only variables that have statistically
significant relationship with achievement. Socioeconomic and confidence level
variables have a positive effect on achievement, but attitude variable has a
negative effect on achievement. In the third research question, student and
school characteristics that affect science achievement have been examined
simultaneously. The school characteristics that have been included in the
regression model were teacher experience, region, and school type. It was
determined that none of the regression coefficients for the school characteristics
variables were statistically significant in the regression model.
Gender Disparities in Financial Relationships Between Industry and Orthopaedic Surgeons
Authors: Ray G.S. , Lechtig A. , Rozental T.D. , Bernstein D.N. , Merchan N. , Johnson A.H.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Recent studies in a number of surgical subspecialties have demonstrated that financial relationships with industry differ between men and women. This study aimed to determine if gender disparities exist in industry relationships with orthopaedic surgeons.

Methods:

This retrospective study utilized publicly available data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) at OpenPayments.cms.gov. Data were extracted for payments made to orthopaedic surgeons from industry for royalties, licensing, or consulting fees from 2016 to 2017. A physician’s profile was used to determine name, gender, practice location, and subspecialty. Years of experience were recorded from publicly available websites. Total number of payments and amounts were compared among men and women, subspecialties, and locations. Multivariable linear regression models were used to determine predictors of total payments and number of payments.

Results:

Royalties and consulting fees were paid to 3,418 individual physicians (11% of 29,996 physicians in the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons [AAOS] census) and accounted for 88% of total payments. The majority of the total payment amount (99.6%) was made to men, while only 0.4% went to women. Male gender was a predictor of total number of payments (β = 5.17, p < 0.001), as were years of experience (β = 0.15 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10 to 0.20], p < 0.001), Mountain region (β = 2.77 [95% CI: 0.37 to 5.17], p = 0.02), and adult reconstructive subspecialty (β = 4.07 [95% CI: 1.89 to 6.25], p < 0.001). Years of experience (β = 0.046 [95% CI: 0.039 to 0.052], p < 0.001), male gender (β = 1.09 [95% CI: 0.67 to 1.51], p < 0.001), Mountain region (β = 0.35 [95% CI: 0.020 to 0.68], p = 0.04), and adult reconstructive subspecialty (β = 0.33 [95% CI: 0.030 to 0.63], p = 0.03) were associated with higher payments.

Conclusions:

Male gender, years of experience, Mountain region, and adult reconstructive subspecialty are independent predictors of a higher number of industry payments and payment amount. These disparities in industry payments may contribute to continued inequities in scholarship, academic rank, and leadership opportunities.
The Development of a Surgical Mission in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Lezak Bradley A. , Cole Peter A. , Schroder Lisa K. , Cole Peter A.
Published: December 2019

Musculoskeletal disorders and injuries represent a substantial proportion of the global burden of disease. This burden is particularly prevalent in low and middle-income countries that already have insufficient health-care resources. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the vision, the history, the implementation, and the challenges in establishing an orthopaedic surgical mission in a developing nation to help address the epidemic of musculoskeletal trauma.

Scalpel At The Cross (SATC) is a nonprofit Christian orthopaedic surgical mission organization that sends teams of 10 to 20 members to Pucallpa, Peru, a rural town in the Amazon, to evaluate patients with musculoskeletal conditions, many that require surgery. The organization employs 4 full-time staff members and has included over 400 medical volunteers in 32 surgical campaigns since 2005. SATC has provided approximately 8.1 million U.S. dollars in total medical care, while investing approximately 2.2 million U.S. dollars in implementation and overhead.

Given the projected increase in trauma in low and middle-income countries, the SATC model may be increasingly relevant as a possible blueprint for other medical professionals to take on similar endeavors. This paper also highlights the importance of continued research into the effectiveness of various organizational models to advance surgical services in these countries.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising from a Morel-Lavallée Lesion
Authors: Mills Emily S. , Debbi Eytan M. , Brien Earl W. , Giaconi Joseph C. , Moon Charles N.
Published: December 2019

Case:

A 72-year-old man presented 20 years after a Morel-Lavallée (ML) lesion with pain and drainage. Biopsies of the lesion and lymph nodes were positive for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). There was no cutaneous involvement or distant metastasis. After chemotherapy and radiation, he underwent resection of the lesion and lymph nodes with flap closure. Two months postoperatively, he unfortunately developed malignant pleural effusions, hypercalcemia, and kidney injury and was eventually transferred to hospice care and died.

Conclusion:

This is the first report of SCC arising from a ML lesion. Chronic ML lesions should be treated aggressively and monitored for transformation into malignancy, even without cutaneous involvement.
Chronic Ulnohumeral Subluxation After Surgical Treatment of Lateral Condylar Fracture Dislocation of the Elbow in a Child
Authors: Park Geun Woo , Jang Woo Young , Lee Soon Hyuck
Published: December 2019

Case:

A 10-year-old boy presented with chronic ulnohumeral subluxation 6 months after an open reduction of a Milch type II lateral condyle fracture subluxation performed at another hospital. The patient had persistent elbow pain and limited range of motion (ROM) between 20° and 50°. After the open reduction for chronic ulnohumeral subluxation and corrective osteotomy for articular surface reconstruction, he had an uneventful recovery with improved ROM of the affected elbow and no pain.

Conclusions:

Intra-articular corrective osteotomy for articular surface reconstruction may be feasible to improve mobility and relieve pain in pediatric patients with lateral condylar malunion and elbow subluxation.
Intraosseous Tophaceous Gout in Hallux Mimicking a Bone Tumor in a Young Patient
Authors: Jubashi Takahiro , Ichikawa Jiro , Haro Hirotaka
Published: December 2019

Case:

A 17-year-old man experienced night pain in his right hallux. Radiographs revealed a lytic lesion in the proximal phalanx of the right hallux. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a low-signal intensity mass on T1-weighted sequences and isointense–high-signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences. We suspected a benign bone tumor such as osteoid osteoma or a bone cyst and consequently performed biopsy and surgical treatment. The lesion was filled with a whitish chalk-like substance, and pathologic examination revealed tophaceous gout.

Conclusions:

It can be difficult to distinguish intraosseous tophaceous gout from other diseases, including bone tumors, using imaging; hence, pathological examination may be necessary for the diagnosis.
Non-Fusion Surgical Correction of Thoracic Idiopathic Scoliosis Using a Novel, Braided Vertebral Body Tethering Device
Authors: Wong Hee-Kit , Ruiz John Nathaniel M. , Newton Peter O. , Gabriel Liu Ka-Po
Published: December 2019

Background:

Anterior vertebral body tethering to effect scoliosis correction in a growing spine has been shown to work with varying degrees of success. This report describes the mid-term results of this technique using a new device composed of a braided ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) cord anchored to bone screws applied without segmental compression.

Methods:

This was a single-center prospective observational study of an investigational device. Five female patients aged 9 to 12 years with thoracic scoliosis underwent thoracoscopic insertion of the UHMWPE tether. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed, and the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 was administered, preoperatively and at regular intervals after surgery, with a minimum of 4 years of follow-up.

Results:

All tethering devices spanning the end vertebrae (range, 7 to 8 vertebrae) were implanted successfully. Mean blood loss was 136 mL, and the mean operative time was 205 minutes. The mean preoperative main thoracic Cobb angle was 40.1°. Curve correction of the tethered segment ranged from 0% to 133.3% at 4 years. We observed greater correction in 2 patients with open triradiate cartilage (TRC), achieving full scoliosis correction at 2 years and 121.5% at 4 years. MRI showed improvement in periapical disc wedging morphology and 55% improvement of rotation at 3 years. There were 20 adverse events, of which 16 were mild and 4 were moderate in severity. The 4 moderate events of pneumonia, distal decompensation, curve progression, and overcorrection occurred in 3 patients, 2 of whom required fusion.

Conclusions:

Anterior vertebral body tethering resulted in scoliosis deformity correction in the coronal and axial planes, with preservation of curve flexibility. Actual correction by growth modulation was noted only in patients with open TRC, whereas curve stabilization was noted in patients with closed TRC. Overcorrection, curve progression, and distal decompensation are problems with this technique.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
From megaprojects to tourism gentrification? The case of Santa Cruz Verde 2030 (Canary Islands, Spain)
Authors: Hübscher Marcus
Published: December 2019

The inner-city oil refinery in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain, has been shaping the city’s urbanism as an employer, but also as a polluter and a physical barrier for more than 80 years. The megaproject Santa Cruz Verde 2030 aims at transforming this area into a mixed-use urban quarter. Based on a mixed methods approach, this paper analyses the impacts of the megaproject by means of document, spatial and statistical analyses. The project is estimated to increase the city’s green areas by 39 % and the number of hotel beds by 70 %, provoking a strong touristifaction. Santa Cruz Verde 2030 stands for a new type of megaprojects, offering a variety of uses and sustainability wordings. Nevertheless, the impacts might reconfigure the city’s urbanism as a whole, shifting centralities to its southwest. On a neighbourhood level, spillover effects are expected to have diverging consequences. While in the Los Llanos neighbourhood gentrification and tourism are fostered, in Buenos Aires the megaproject implies the opportunity to integrate this currently segregated quarter into the city. Against this background, the paper outlines the necessity of transparent planning and monitoring processes, in order to ensure the sustainability of this new urban quarter.
¿Existe overtourism en Santiago de Compostela? Contribuciones para un debate ya iniciado
Authors: Lopez Lucrezia , Pazos Otón Miguel , Piñeiro Antelo María de los Ángeles
Published: December 2019

A lo largo de la última década, el concepto de overtourism ha sido abordado tanto a nivel teórico, como a nivel empírico. La presente investigación analiza esta tendencia en Santiago de Compostela. Este destino de turismo urbano internacional es también la meta del Camino de Santiago, primer Itinerario Cultural Europeo, y una de las rutas de peregrinación más importantes del mundo. Su promoción desde el Año Santo 1993 ha consolidado un crecimiento continuo que se traduce en un aumento del número de llegadas de peregrinos. Los datos de los últimos años plantean debates acerca de la capacidad de carga y el overtourism en un centro histórico de 169,9 hectáreas. Por ello, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar la evolución contemporánea marcada por estas tendencias turísticas y, sobre todo, introducir reflexiones y opiniones que parten de diversos actores locales para un desarrollo turístico sostenible. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, se adoptan los enfoques múltiples de la investigación turística contemporánea y se combinan metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa. Los resultados introducen una nueva propuesta basada en la combinación de variables (espacio, tiempo y sociedad) a la hora de abordar el proceso de overtourism en Santiago de Compostela.
Do not cross the line: planning the limits of tourism in Barcelona
Authors: Donaire Benito José Antonio , Zerva Konstantina , Palou i Rubio Saida , Blasco Dani
Published: December 2019

No crucen la línea: planificación de los límites del turismo en BarcelonaDurante el período 2010–2019 se llevan a cabo más de 20 planes en la ciudad de Barcelona, algunos de los cuales con una afectación directamente turística. La nueva planificación estratégica propone nuevos métodos de gobernanza al mismo tiempo que ensaya nuevos métodos de elaboración y desarrollo; en cuanto a la planificación turística, los planes asumen que la condición turística es uno de los ejes centrales de la identidad urbana, de modo que, para mantener dicha identidad, es necesario limitar la actividad turística. La nueva planificación estratégica y turística llevada a cabo durante el último decenio también contribuye a la creación de nuevas narrativas urbanas y turísticas. El artículo analiza los planes de turismo y de ciudad realizados entre 2010 y 2019 fijándose en el carácter estratégico que se atribuye al turismo, su potencial configurador de la ciudad y sus necesidades de gestión.
Numerical Modeling of Fracture Propagation During Temporary-Plugging Fracturing
Authors: Zou Yushi , Ma Xinfang , Zhang Shicheng
Published: December 2019

Temporary-plugging fracturing (TPF) is becoming a promising technique for maximizing the stimulated-reservoir volume in tight reservoirs by injecting diverting agents to plug the preferred perforations and/or hydraulic fractures (HFs). Previous work has developed diverting agents and evaluated their blocking efficiency. However, the mechanism and dominant influence factors of HF growth during TPF remain poorly understood to date, which restricts the application of this technique. To understand the problem and help improve the TPF design, this study simulated the HF-propagation process during TPF in a naturally fractured formation using a previously developed 3D discrete-element-method (DEM) -based complex fracture model. Plugged fracture elements with negligible permeability were incorporated into the model to characterize the blocking intervals of diverting agents within HFs. Parameters, including horizontal differential stress (Δσh), natural-fracture (NF) properties, the number of pluggings, plugging positions, and pumping rate, were investigated to determine their effects on the HF/NF-interaction behavior and the resulting HF geometry. The change in injection pressure before and after plugging under different conditions was also recorded in detail. Modeling results show that the HF/NF-interaction behavior might surprisingly change before and after plugging the preferred HF, ranging from HF crossing of NFs to HF opening of NFs. Notably, Δσh is still the most influential geological parameter that governs the HF-growth behavior during TPF. For a moderate Δσh (=8 MPa), the growth of a single planar HF before plugging can be changed easily into a complex HF network (HFN) through opening of NFs after plugging in the target stimulated region (TSR). In this case, the complexity and covering area of the resulting HFN is closely related to the NF density (positive correlation) and plugging positions. However, for a high Δσh (=12 MPa), opening (usually partially) the NFs after plugging is difficult even in formations with a high density of NFs. In such a case, a large volume of fluid, a high pumping rate, and several repeat pluggings during TPF are necessary. The results of this study help to understand the HF-growth mechanism during TPF and help to optimize the treatment design of TPF and to adjust it in a timely manner.
Evaluation of Quality of Life among Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and voiding dysfunction: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nazari Fatemeh , Shaygannejad Vahid , Sichani Mehrdad Mohammadi , Gharaagozlou Marjan Mansourian , Hajhashemi Valiollah
Published: December 2019

Background: Evaluating the usefulness of treatment requires a direct measurement of the health-related quality of life (QOL). Therefore, this study was carried out aiming to determine the QOL of patients with MS and voiding dysfunction . Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out using multi-stage random cluster sampling method on 602 patients with MS in Isfahan, Iran. All data were collected through interviews using standard questionnaires including International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: The prevalence rate of mixed, irritative, and obstructive urinary symptoms was 52.2%, 25.5%, and 6.5%, respectively. The mixed symptom had the highest prevalence among men and women with rates of 56.5% and 51.1%, respectively. The prevalence of irritative and obstructive symptoms was, respectively, higher and statistically significant among women alone and men alone (P < 0.05). The prevalence of irritative symptoms was higher among patients with MS, EDSS score ≤ 3, disease duration of less than 5 years, and with clinically isolated syndrome. In addition, the prevalence of mixed symptoms was higher among patients with MS of over 30 years of age with a Pre-high school degree, severe disability, disease duration of over 10 years, and progressive MS; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was a difference in the combined dimensions of physical and mental health of QOL between the two groups with and without urinary symptoms (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a higher probability of a urinary problems among patients with MS and high age [3.273 (1.083-9.860); P = 0.035]. Conclusions: Mixed urinary symptoms are highly prevalent among MS patients and affect QOL dimensions. In order to improve QOL, more attention and focus should be paid to urinary problems in MS patients. Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, urinary symptoms, quality of life
Accuracy and efficacy of diagnosis using clinical characteristics integrated with metabolomics in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ni Cheng-Ming , Huang Wen-Long , Jiang Yan-min , Xu Juan , Duan Ru , Zhu Yun-Long , Zhu Xu-Ping , Fan Xue-Mei , Luo Guo-An , Wang Yi-ming , Li Yan-Yu , Xu Lan , He Qing
Published: December 2019

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is defined as a complex endocrine syndrome, and the mechanisms underlying its various clinical signs and symptoms are still poorly understood. It is critical to precisely diagnose the phenotypes of PCOS in order to provide patients with individualized therapy[1, 2] . However, the criteria by which to diagnose different phenotypes, which are mostly based on symptoms, physical examination, and laboratory evaluation, remain unclear. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy and precision of metabolomic markers with common clinical characteristics to determine a more effective way to diagnose and treat two subgroups, one based on clinical indexes and another based on metabolomic indexes[3], of PCOS patients. The effects of different the interventions based on the two subgroups will also be observed. Methods This is a prospective, multicenter, analyst-blinded, randomized controlled trial. There will be one healthy control group and two parallel experimental arms in this study: (1) people without PCOS (health control group); (2) PCOS patients diagnosed based on clinical indexes (group 1); (3) PCOS patients diagnosed based on metabolomic indexes (group 2). A total of 276 eligible people will be recruited, including 60 healthy people and 216 PCOS patients, who will be randomly assigned to different diagnosis groups in a 1:1 ratio. Patients in the two different diagnosis groups will be divided into two different subgroups based on their clinical characteristics (group 1 based on clinical indexes, group 2 based on metabolomic indexes); thereafter, they will receive a 6-month different treatment. The primary outcome for experimental groups will be the treatment effect of PCOS. Discussion The purpose of this trial is to determine whether integrated metabolomic indexes are more accurate and effective than clinical characteristics in the diagnosis of the phenotypes of reproductive females with PCOS. This trial will therefore contribute to the provision of a solid foundation for the precise clinical diagnosis of two PCOS subgroups, as well as for future research on individualized PCOS therapy.
Comparative metabolome analysis of serum changes in sheep under overgrazing or light grazing conditions
Authors: Zhang Jize , Gao Yang , Guo Huiqin , Ding Yong , Ren Weibo
Published: December 2019

Background
Overgrazing is a primary contributor to severe reduction in forage quality and production in Inner Mongolia, leading to extensive ecosystem degradation, sheep health impairment and growth performance reduction. Further studies to identify serum biomarkers that reflect changes in sheep health and nutritional status following overgrazing would be beneficial. We hereby hypothesize that reduced sheep growth performance under overgrazing conditions would be associated with metabolic and immune response alterations. This study used an untargeted metabolomics analysis by conducting ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) of sheep serum under overgrazing and light grazing conditions to identify metabolic disruptions in response to overgrazing.
Results
The sheep body weight gains as well as serum biochemical variables associated with immune responses and nutritional metabolism (immunoglobulin G, albumin, glucose, and nonesterified fatty acids) were significantly decreased with overgrazing compared with light grazing condition. In contrast, other serum parameters such as alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, and interleukin-8 were markedly higher in the overgrazing group. Principal component analysis discriminated the metabolomes of the light grazing from the overgrazing group. Multivariate and univariate analyses revealed changes in the serum concentrations of 15 metabolites (9 metabolites exhibited a marked increase, whereas 6 metabolites showed a significant decrease) in the overgrazing group. Major changes of fatty acid oxidation, bile acid biosynthesis, and purine and protein metabolism were observed.
Conclusions
These findings offer metabolic evidence for putative biomarkers for overgrazing-induced changes in serum metabolism. Target-identification of these particular metabolites may potentially increase our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of altered immune responses, nutritional metabolism, and reduced sheep growth performance under overgrazing conditions.
Pregnancy outcomes of dichorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancies after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer : multifoetal pregnancy reduction versus expectant management
Authors: Cai Pei , Ouyang Yan , Gong Fei , Li Xihong
Published: December 2019

Background: Trichorionic triplet pregnancy reduction to twin pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of preterm delivery but not with a lower risk of miscarriage. However, data on dichorionic triamniotic (DCTA) triplet pregnancy outcomes are lacking. This study aimed to compare the pregnancy outcomes of DCTA triplets conceived via in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) managed expectantly or reduced to a monochorionic (MC) singleton or monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twins at 11-13 +6 gestational weeks.
Method s : Two hundred ninety-eight patients with DCTA triplets conceived via IVF-ET between 2012 and 2016 were retrospectively analysed. DCTA triplets with three live foetuses were reduced to a MC singleton (group A) or MCDA twins (group B) or underwent expectant management (group C). Each multifoetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) was performed at 11-13 +6 gestational weeks. Pregnancy outcomes in the 3 groups were compared.
Results: Eighty-four DCTA pregnancies were reduced to MC singleton pregnancies, 149 were reduced to MCDA pregnancies, and 65 were managed expectantly.
There were no significant differences among groups A, B, and C in miscarriage rate (8.3 vs. 7.4 vs. 10.8%, respectively) and live birth rate (90.5 vs. 85.2 vs. 83.1%, respectively) (P > 0.05).
Group A had significantly lower rates of preterm birth (8.3 vs. 84.6%; odds ratio (OR) 0.017, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.006-0.046) and low birth weight (LBW; 9.2 vs. 93.2%; OR 0.007, 95% CI 0.003-0.020) than group C (P < 0.001).
Group B had significantly lower preterm birth (47.0 vs. 84.6%; OR 0.161, 95% CI 0.076-0.340) and LBW rates (58.7 vs. 93.2%; OR 0.103, 95% CI 0.053-0.200) than group C (P < 0.001).
Group A had significantly lower preterm birth (8.3 vs. 47.0%; OR 0.103, 95% CI 0.044-0.237; P < 0.001), LBW (9.2 vs. 58.7%; OR 0.071, 95% CI 0.032-0.162; P < 0.001) and perinatal death rates (1.3 vs. 9.1%; OR 0.132, 95% CI 0.018-0.991; P = 0.021) than group B.
Conclusion: The MFPR of DCTA triplets to singleton or MCDA pregnancies was associated with better pregnancy outcomes compared to expectant management. DCTA triplets reduced to singleton pregnancies had better perinatal outcomes than DCTA triplets reduced to MCDA pregnancies.
Men’s grief following pregnancy loss and neonatal loss: A systematic review and emerging theoretical model
Authors: Obst Kate , Due Clemence , Oxlad Melissa , Middleton Philippa
Published: December 2019

Background : Emotional distress following pregnancy loss and neonatal loss is common, with enduring grief occurring for many parents. However, little is known about men’s grief, since the majority of existing literature and subsequent bereavement care guidelines have focused on women. To develop a comprehensive understanding of men’s grief, this systematic review sought to summarise and appraise the literature focusing on men’s grief following pregnancy loss and neonatal loss.
Methods : A systematic review was undertaken with searches completed across four databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL). These were guided by two research questions: 1) what are men’s experiences of grief following pregnancy/neonatal loss; and 2) what are the predictors of men’s grief following pregnancy/neonatal loss? Eligible articles were qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods empirical studies including primary data on men’s grief, published between 1998 and October 2018. Eligibility for loss type included miscarriage or stillbirth (by any definition), termination of pregnancy for nonviable foetal anomaly, and neonatal death up to 28 days after a live birth.
Results : A final sample of 46 articles were identified, including 26 qualitative, 19 quantitative, and one mixed methods paper. Findings indicate that men’s grief experiences are highly varied, and current grief measures may not capture all of the complexities of grief for men. Qualitative studies identified that in comparison to women, men may face different challenges including expectations to support female partners, and a lack of social recognition for their grief and subsequent needs. Men may face double-disenfranchised grief in relation to the pregnancy/neonatal loss experience.
Conclusion : There is a need to increase the accessibility of support services for men following pregnancy/neonatal loss, and to provide recognition and validation of their experiences of grief. Cohort studies are required among varied groups of bereaved men to confirm grief-predictor relationships, and to refine an emerging socio-ecological model of men’s grief.
Correlations in parameters of balance between fathers and their adult sons
Authors: Naczk Mariusz , Bezulska Anna , Adach Zdzislaw , Celichowski Jan
Published: December 2019

Background: The literature data suggest that balance control is genetically determined, however the data are inconsistent with respect to correlations in balance parameters among adult relatives. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify correlations between fathers and their adult sons in chosen balance parameters. Moreover, we tested how the relationships in balance between fathers and their adult sons change following fatigue. Methods: The balance parameters were measured twice: before and immediately after the fatigue procedure (treadmill running to exhaustion) with the pedographic platform in two groups of relatives and correlated for 30 pairs father-adult son. Results: The positive significant correlations were found for parameters describing deflection in the sagittal plane: the average deflection of center of pressure progression (COPP) and average value of COPP velocity in sagittal plane as well as the average value of velocity of COPP, the length of COPP trajectory and the surface area of the trajectory covered by COPP, both before and after the fatigue procedure. There were no significant correlations between lifestyle of participants and balance parameters. Conclusions: In summary, our study found numerous correlations in balance parameters related to deflection in the sagittal plane between fathers and their adult sons. These correlations were not abolished by fatigue. Our results suggest that the ability to maintain balance is influenced by genetics. This conclusion can be useful in many sports in which the ability to maintain balance influence on sports score.
What is the impact of fitness on injury risk during police academy training? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tomes Colin , Schram Benjamin , Pope Rodney , Orr Robin
Published: December 2019

Background: In the conduct of their daily duties, law enforcement officers (LEO) are often required to perform dynamic, physically demanding tasks with little or no notice, sometimes at maximal levels of exertion. Given these requirements, training for prospective LEOs must be rigorous enough to ensure that when trainees graduate, they are competent in their response to crisis and resilient enough to maintain this for the span of their career. Therefore, based on previously reported effectiveness of fitness testing in predicting injury risk in predominantly military settings, the aim of this study was to investigate relationships between a physical ability test (PAT) and risk of injury during police recruit training. Methods: Retrospective PAT results and trainee injury records were obtained from a national police department and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to investigate fitness differences between trainees who were, or were not, injured. Results: Significant differences in mean performance between groups existed for the following PAT components: pushups (injured mean 32.94±8.66 reps, uninjured mean 35.67±9.04 reps, p=0.01) and (R) grip strength (injured mean 49.61±12.51kg, uninjured mean 52.12±11.17kg, p=0.042) for all injuries; vertical jump height (injured mean 51.75±7.54cm, uninjured mean 55.06±8.19cm, p=0.032) for lower limb injuries, and all measures of grip strength for trunk injury. Conclusions: Results of this study suggest that a clinically relevant relationship between some PAT fitness components and injury risk exists during police recruit training.
Clinical characteristics and blood/serum bound prognostic biomarkers in advanced pancreatic cancer treated with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel
Authors: Blomstrand Hakon , Green Henrik , Fredriksson Mats , Gränsmark Emma , Björnsson Bergthor , Elander Nils
Published: December 2019

Background In recent years treatment options for advanced pancreatic cancer has markedly improved, and a combination regimen of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel is now considered standard of care in Sweden and elsewhere. Nevertheless, a majority of patients do not respond to treatment. In order to guide the individual patient to the most beneficial therapeutic strategy, simple and easily available prognostic and predictive markers are needed.Methods The potential prognostic value of a range of blood/serum parameters, patient-, and tumour characteristics was explored in a retrospective cohort of 75 patients treated with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (Gem/NabP) for advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) in the South Eastern Region of Sweden. Primary outcome was overall survival while progression free survival was the key secondary outcome.Result Univariable Cox regression analysis revealed that high baseline serum albumin (> 37 g/L) and high age (>65) were positive prognostic markers for OS, and in multivariable regression analysis both parameters were confirmed to be independent prognostic variables (HR 0.48, p=0.023 and HR=0.47, p=0.039,). Thrombocytopenia at any time during the treatment was an independent predictor for improved progression free survival (PFS) but not for OS (HR 0.49, p=0.029 and 0.54, p=0.073), whereas thrombocytopenia developed under cycle 1 was neither related with OS nor PFS (HR 0.87 p=0.384 and HR 1.04, p=0.771). Other parameters assessed (gender, tumour stage, ECOG performance status, myelosuppression, baseline serum CA19-9, and baseline serum bilirubin levels) were not significantly associated with survival.Conclusion Serum albumin at baseline is a prognostic factor with palliative Gem/NabP in advanced PDA, and should be further assessed as a tool for risk stratification. High age was associated with improved survival, which encourages further studies on the use of Gem/NabP in the elderly.
Impact of lignans in oilseed mix on gut microbiome composition and enterolignan production in younger healthy and premenopausal women: an in vitro study
Authors: Corona Giulia , Kreimes Anna , Barone Monica , Turroni Silvia , Brigidi Patrizia , Keleszade Enver , Costabile Adele
Published: December 2019

BackgroundDietary lignans belong to the group of phytoestrogens together with coumestans, stilbenes and isoflavones, and themselves do not exhibit oestrogen-like properties. Nonetheless, the gut microbiota converts them into enterolignans, which show chemical similarity to the human oestrogen molecule. One of the richest dietary sources of lignans are oilseeds, including flaxseed. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of the main dietary lignans in an oilseed mix, and evaluate the gut microbiota-dependent production of enterolignans for oestrogen substitution in young and premenopausal women. The oilseed mix was fermented in a pH-controlled batch culture system inoculated with women’s faecal samples. The lignan content and enterolignan production were measured by ultra‐high-performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), and the gut-derived microbial communities were profiled by 16S rRNA gene-based next-generation sequencing.ResultsIn vitro batch culture fermentation of faecal samples inoculated with oilseed mix for 24 h resulted in a substantial increase in enterolactone production in younger women and an increase in enterodiol in the premenopausal group. As for the gut microbiota, different baseline profiles were observed as well as different temporal dynamics, mainly related to Clostridiaceae, and Klebsiella and Collinsella spp. ConclusionsDespite the small sample size, our results revealed that lignan-rich oilseeds have a strong influence on the faecal microbiota of both younger and premenopausal females, leading to a different enterolignan profile being produced. More studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of lignan-rich diets on the gut microbiota and find out how enterolactone-producing bacterial species could be increased. Diets rich in lignans could potentially serve as a safe supplement of oestrogen analogues to satisfy cellular needs for endogenous oestrogen and deliver numerous health benefits, provided that the premenopausal woman microbiota is capable of converting dietary precursors to enterolignans.
The role of an encapsulin nanocompartment in resisting silver ion stress
Authors: Xing Chong-Yang , Ma Teng-Fei , Guo Jinsong , Shen Yu , Yan Peng , Fang Fang , Chen You-Peng
Published: December 2019

BackgroundCompartmentalization can protect cells from the interference of external toxic substances and sequester toxic products. We hypothesis that the proteinaceous compartments may be a candidate material with engineering feasibility suitable for adding to engineering bacteria for the sequestration of toxic environmental products, contributing to open up a new biological detoxification pathway.ResultsHere, we found a new approach of bacterial resistance to silver ion stress. We show that the self-assembled nanocompartments can help model species (E. coli) resist silver ion stress. Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (TEM-EDX) analysis showed that the nanocompartments stably combined with silver ions in vitro. In addition, when exposed to 30 μM AgNO3, the survival rate of engineered bacteria (with nanocompartments) was 86%, while it was just 59% in the wild-type bacteria (without nanocompartments). Moreover, label-free quantitative proteomics indicated that the nanocompartments enhanced bacterial activity by inducing the up-regulation of protein processing and secondary metabolites, and decreased intracellular silver ion concentration, increasing resistance to toxic silver ions.ConclusionsThis study of nanocompartments contributes to a deeper understanding of how bacteria respond to environmental stressors like heavy metal pollutants in water, soil, and sediment. The encapsulin nanocompartment has the potential to be applied in different environments, potentially the human body, and appears conducive to developing new anti-toxic drugs for metal ions.
NLRC3 delays the progression of AD in APP/PS1 mice via inhibiting PI3K activation
Authors: zha lihuang , Yu Zai-xin , Guo Shuhong , Zhou Li , Guo Wen , Zhou Jun
Published: December 2019

Background/Aims: NLRC3 inhibits inflammatory responses. Epidemiological studies indicate that neuroinflammation induces and accelerates the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study was designed to determine whether NLRC3 plays a role in neuroinflammation, Aβ accumulation and neuroprotection in AD mice. Methods: Thirty 12-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomized into three groups as model group, APP/PS1 +LVCON307 and APP/PS1 +LV-NLRC3 group. Ten 12-month-old wild-type C57 mice were chosen as control group. Mice in APP/PS1 +LVCON307 and APP/PS1 +LV-NLRC3 group were injected with LVCON307 or LV-NLRC3 through intracerebroventricular injection. Six months after LVCON307 or LV-NLRC3 injection, We carried out Morris water maze test on mice and harvested their brain tissues after the behavioral experiment. The deposition of amyloid protein and the changes of Nissle bodies were observed by ThS and Nissle staining. The expressions of NLRC3, 6E10, GFAP, Iba1, NeuN and PI3K were detected by immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of NLRC3, PI3K, GFAP and Iba1. Results: The expression of NLRC3 is down-regulated in brain tissues of APP/PS1 mice. Mice in APP/PS1 group had a significant attenuation of learning and memory ability compared to the control group, the ability of learning and memory was improved in APP/PS1 +LV-NLRC3 mice. The expression of 6E10, GFAP, Iba1 and PI3K in brain and hippocampus slice of APP/PS1 and APP/PS1 + LVCON307 mice were significantly higher than those of the control group, while the expression of NLRC3 and NeuN was significantly lower than that of the control group. After overexpression of NLRC3, the expression of 6e10, GFAP, Iba1 and PI3K in APP/PS1 + LV-NLRC3 group was significantly lower than that in APP/PS1 and APP/PS1 + LVCON307 group, while the expression of NLRC3 and NeuN was significantly higher than that in APP/PS1 and APP/PS1 + LVCON307 group. NLRC3 co-localized with NeuN. PI3K activation with 740YP increased the expression of GFAP and Iba-1 in hippocampus with exogenous NLRC3 protein. Conclusion: NLRC3 may play an important role in the development and progression of AD. Down-regulation of NLRC3 can lead to the activation of PI3K, resulting in abnormal plaque deposition, glial cell activation and neuron loss during AD. NLRC3 delays the progression of AD in APP/PS1 mice via inhibiting PI3K activation. Keywords: NLRC3 • inflammation • Aβ • neuron •PI3K •Alzheimer's disease
Depression and relevant influencing factors among elderly adults with different sleep quality in pension institutions in Northeastern China
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhang Yingying , Luan Zhenggang , Zhang Xiujie , Jiang Haoran , Wang Aiping
Published: December 2019

Objective This study aimed to assess depression among elderly adults with different sleep quality in pension institutions and to clarify its factors.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using a staged sampling method in six pension institutions located in Northeastern China from May to September 2017. Our study population comprised all elderly adults willing to participate in this study, who were not suffering from dementia and had lived in these pension institutions for six months or longer. All the participants were interviewed using a questionnaire that explored cognitive function, demographic characteristics, and factors influencing depression. The questionnaire also made use of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). After screening for cognitive function, we chose 507 elderly adults without cognitive defects as our participants. We used logistic regression to analyze the factors influencing depression among elderly adults with poor or good sleep quality.Results The overall depression rate among elderly adults was 21.7%. The depression rates among elderly adults with good and poor sleep quality were 12.3% and 31.1%, respectively. The logistic regression analysis revealed that, after adjustment for age, depression was significantly associated with multiple influencing factors only among elderly adults with good sleep quality.Conclusion The prevalence of depressive symptoms among elderly adults with different sleep quality in pension institutions in Northeastern China was insignificant. However, different factors influenced depression among elderly adults depending on their sleep quality. Therefore, the risk factors of depression among elderly adults should be analyzed separately.
Prevalence of sarcopenia in multi ethnics adults and the association with cognitive impairment: findings from West-China Health and Aging Trend Study
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Hou Lisha , Xia Xin , Liu Yang , Zuo Zhiliang , Zhang Yan , Zhao Wanyu , Hao Qiukui , Yue Jirong , dong birong
Published: December 2019

Background Sarcopenia is a condition that is characterized by loss of muscle mass, muscle strength and muscle functional impairment with ageing. It is associated with poor health outcomes, premature death and a significant burden on the global health economy. The prevalence of sarcopenia in China is unknown since most of the studies are lack of uniform standard. The study was undertaken to study the prevalence of sarcopenia and the association with cognitive impairment among multi-ethnic adults aged 50 years old or older in western China. Methods We measured gait speed, handgrip strength and muscle mass by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for all eligible participants and 4500 participants were eligible for the analysis. We defined sarcopenia using the diagnostic algorithm recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) . We assessed the participants' cognitive functions using the 10-item Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) . Relationships between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Of 4500 participants (mean age 62.4 ± 8.3 years), 869 (19.31%) adults were sarcopenia. 446 (9.9%) participants were identified as having mild cognitive impairment, 144 (3.2%) adults were identified as having moderate/severe cognitive impairment. After adjusting for age, gender, ethnics and other potential cofounders, cognitive impairment was found to be independently associated with sarcopenia with a dosage effect (mild cognitive impairment: odds ratio [OR] : 1.52, 95% CI 1.18–1.95; moderate/severe cognitive impairment: OR: 3.26, 95% CI 2.23–4.76). After gender stratification, the association between mild cognitive impairment with sarcopenia in male is not significant, while is still significant in female. While the association between moderate/severe cognitive impairment is independently associated with sarcopenia in both male and female. Conclusions The prevalence rates of sarcopenia, mild cognitive impairment, moderate/severe cognitive impairment among the communities aged 50 or older in western China were 19.31%, 9.9% and 3.2%, respectively. Cognitive impairment was significantly associated with sarcopenia with a dosage effect, especially in female.