bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathogenesis and treatment of spasticity
Authors: Katunina E.A
Published: October 2021

In a review article, the author discusses the mechanisms of spasticity after stroke, its clinical manifestations and approaches to treatment including physical therapy, surgery and the use of central (tolperisone, baclophen and tizanidine) and peripheral (botulinum toxin A) acting muscle relaxants.
Prognostic value of echocardiographic parameters in patients with pulmonary embolism
Authors: Netylko J.E. , Teterina M.A. , Pisaryuk A.S. , Goreva L.A. , Lukina O.I. , Safarova A.F. , Merai I. , Kobalava Zh.D.
Published: October 2021

To assess the value of echocardiographic parameters in predicting hospital death in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE).
Group-Based Restorative Care Model For Improving Social Interaction Among Elderly In Nursing Home
Authors: Riasmini Ni Made
Published: October 2021

An increasing proportion of the elderly population should be aware,  because the main manifestation of the aging process experienced by the elderly can reduce ability to work, and  the ability to perform the activity and social interaction with their environment. To overcome this problem, a group-based restorative care model is needed to increase the social interaction among elderly. This study aimed to obtain an overview of the effectiveness of the group-based restorative care model on the social interactions among elderly in nursing homes. The research design used a quasi-experimental with control group design with a sample size of 66 elderly who have been living in nursing home in the DKI Jakarta area. Data analysis used t-test and Mancova test. The results of the study found that there were differences in social interaction before and after the intervention in the intervention group, while in the control group there were no differences; there were differences in social interaction after the intervention between the intervention group and the control group; there was an effect of social support on social interaction. The recommendation is the group-based restorative care model can be used as a model for empowering the elderly in carrying out various activities in various health care settings in the community
The Perspective Directions of Diversification Activity of the Oil and Fat Sector Enterprises
Authors:   Odesa National Economic University, Orlenko O. M.
Published: October 2021

The article proves the decisive role of the oil and fat sector for the national economy. The current state of activity of processing enterprises of oil and fat industry allows to state that extensive directions of growth and development are almost exhausted for them, since there is already a tendency to exceed existing production capacities every year compared to available volumes of raw materials for processing. This is a consequence of an increase in the volume of oilseeds exports while at the same time insufficient capacity of production capacities of processing oilseeds enterprises. One of the measures that can partially solve this problem is the use by enterprises of the domestic oil and fat sector of such direction of development as diversification of production. Although it is advisable to note the presence of certain differences in the use of diversification between Ukrainian and foreign enterprises. The use of kinship diversification at oil and fat enterprises is associated with the transition from mono structural forms of technological lines of plants to the universal ones capable of working with various types of raw materials. One of the promising areas of diversification for domestic enterprises of the oil and fat complex is the market of oilseeds processing products, where only several companies currently operate. Also, the priority direction of diversification of the activities of oil processing enterprises can be the production of such a refining product as phosphate concentrate. Significant potential and reserve for the development and expansion of oilseed processing enterprises lies in the intensification of biofuel production, in particular the production of pellets. Also, an additional direction of diversification of activities of enterprises that produce and use pellets for their own needs can be the production of thermal energy, which is aimed not only at providing their own technological needs, but also at providing such services to others. Thus, by diversifying its activities, oil and fat enterprises are able not only to improve their technical and economic performance, but also to intensify and stimulate the further development of enterprises of other related and connected sectors of the national economy, accelerating their modernization and more harmonious integration into the global economic space.
Managing the International Reserve Assets in the Context of Debt Sustainability
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after V. Hetman, Kondro P. V.
Published: October 2021

The article is aimed at researching the adequacy of international reserve assets, their management in terms of ensuring debt sustainability, as well as financial-economic assessment of liquidity and solvency of the borrowing State. Based on the carried out study, it is determined that liquidity of the State, as a functional element of solvency of the State, provides for the ability of the State to mobilize the necessary resources, taking into account the transactional mechanism of asset transfer from one unit to another in order to ensure an adequate level of solvency of the debtor State. In addition, within the terms of the carried out analysis of the system infrastructure, it is worth noting that there is a relation between the solvency of the State and its liquidity, since the latter category is part of the first, but these concepts are not identical. The provision of international assets, as the dominant element of debt sustainability, acts through the mechanism of financial and monetary security, thus, an assessment of the adequacy of international assets in the part of sufficiency of their volumes to cover the needs of foreign trade operations, servicing and repayment of the State’s sovereign obligations to creditors must be done. A monitoring of the main indicative values of the assessment of the status and structure of international liquid assets and their relationship with economic indicators is carried out. Ways to improve the system of management of international reserve assets in order to ensure debt sustainability are proposed. Priority directions of future researches are allocated, which should be aimed at substantiate the impact of currency risks on the debt sustainability of the State.
The Systematics of a Methodical Instrumentarium for Assessing the Efficiency of the Entrepreneurial Structures’ Innovative Activities
Authors:   Odessа Polytechnic State University, Yermak S. O. , Frolova L. V. ,   Odessа Polytechnic State University, Buhenko S. I. ,   Odessа Polytechnic State University
Published: October 2021

Over the past decades, against the background of the innovative directedness of economic development, the role of innovative processes in the activities of entrepreneurial structures has been growing rapidly. Thus, scientific researches related to the innovative activity of entrepreneurial structures, its efficiency and methods of its evaluation become actualized. The present research is aimed at systematizing the existing methodological instrumentarium for assessing the efficiency of entrepreneurial structures, identifying its features and shortcomings for further improvement. The article carries out a detailed systematization of methodological instrumentarium for assessing the innovative activities of entrepreneurial structures, which allowed to allocate the most characteristic methods that differ in indicators and algorithms of their computing, and divide them into two groups depending on the status: governmental and scientific (recommendative). A systematization of methodologies for assessing the efficiency of innovation activity of entrepreneurial structures in accordance with the main object of research was carried out, where among the main criteria for efficiency assessing were the following: effectiveness, comparative efficiency, profit growth, factor analysis, discounting, risk discounting, innovation life cycle, and consumer interest. It is identified that not all extant methodologies allow to obtain a holistic conclusion on the state of innovation activity of entrepreneurial structures, since many of them do not take into account uneconomic factors, rather superficially evaluate or do not evaluate at all ecological, social and other spheres that have a direct impact on the level of innovation activity of entrepreneurial structures. This justifies the impossibility of wide application of such techniques for the analysis and extrapolation of the results obtained in the calculations for them to other levels of innovation development management (both industry and national).
PARADIPLOMACY OF INDONESIAN SUB-STATE ACTOR: DIGITAL DIPLOMACY OF JAKARTA GOVERNMENT IN RESPONSE TO COVID-19
Authors: Luerdi Luerdi
Published: October 2021

The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused challenges to international affairs in term of health, economy, politics and security in addition to the changes of interaction between actors. Jakarta, one of the regional governments within the unitary state of Indonesia and a capital city of the state, projected its paradiplomacy in response to the pandemic. Its status as a lower administration below the national government did not prevent it from paying active efforts taking advantage of internet and digital technology development. The paper aims to describe Jakarta government’s paradiplomatic practice in responding to the COVID-19. The study applies the qualitative method with a descriptive analysis. In order to describe the regional government’s paradiplomacy, the study utilizes the concept of paradiplomacy and digital diplomacy. The findings show that Jakarta government carried out digital diplomacy as the form of its paradiplomacy in a number of activities such as providing reliable information, collaborating with foreign communities, participating in global forum, releasing gubernatorial message, improving data platform capability and initiating an international forum at home. Such internet-supported activities were meant to share experience, collaborate and provide transparency. Paradiplomacy through digital diplomacy activities was mainly conducted to gain trust to the regional government from its international audiences and create an image that Jakarta was a crisis-proof city and the part of global community. The paper argues that sub-national governments’ roles in international affairs are becoming important thanks to a new room for diplomacy practices, strengthened by unprecedented global crises.
REESTRUTURAÇÕES NA CADEIA PRODUTIVA LEITEIRA DE SÃO FRANCISCO DO BREJÃO/MA: DESAFIOS PARA ORGANIZAÇÃO DO COOPERATIVISMO DE PEQUENOS PRODUTORES RURAIS
Authors: Sousa Juliana , Leher Roberto
Published: October 2021

O artigo investiga mudanças organizacionais e de normas técnicas na cadeia produtiva leiteira de São Francisco do Brejão, Maranhão, que afetam os pequenos produtores, especialmente pela concentração do beneficiamento para contemplar certificação sanitária e pelo aumento do custo relativo de produção, alavancando o avanço dos maiores grupos em detrimento dos pequenos produtores. A pesquisa utiliza indicadores do agronegócio e, para investigar a situação concreta dos produtores, se vale de diário de campo no qual foram registrados diálogos e interpelações. Conclui que a permanência dos pequenos produtores exige atuação coordenada e interação com instituições de ensino e pesquisa, objetivando aquisição dos requisitos necessários à certificação sanitária e a implementação de políticas de fomento econômico solidárias e referenciadas pelo ideário cooperativista.
EFFICIENCY OF LAND TRANSFORMATION IN THE LAND OF SOLAR ENERGY (KREMENCHUK TOWN AS AN EXAMPLE)
Authors: Klyuka O. , Shelkovska I. , Mikhno P. , Nesterenko S.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the problems of modern use of urban areas, which are mostly related with the lack of reasonable scientifically and economically rational land policy. The issues of rational urban land using and land management in settlements have been studied by many domestic scientists, but to achieve the goal of rational and efficient land using, there is a need to continue research on these issues, especially at the regional and local levels. In particular, this applies to the formation of the mechanism of payment for land in conditions where the collection of taxes on labor and entrepreneurship significantly exceeds the amount of payment for land and other natural resources.
The article gives an example of effective transformation of reserve lands which are not provided for permanent use and rent, located in the peripheral zone of the city, in the land of solar energy. The issue is considered from the standpoint of the value of unused urban land in their ability to generate additional income.
Calculations to determine the efficiency of land transformation in the land of solar energy were made on the example of the commissioned solar power plant LLC «NOVE TEPLO", which is in the northern industrial hub of Kremenchuk, Poltava region, which covers an area of ​​150.00 hectares, and the total capacity of installed solar panels 75 MW. The total income of land transformation from reserve lands to solar energy lands for 10 years and rent income from 150 hectares of land for the specified period for reserve lands in Kremenchuk according to the values ​​of capitalized rent income standards are determined. The total income after the transformation of land was almost 300 times higher than the total income received before the transformation.
Rating of ground-based SES was created by using the PV GIS web application. This tool allows you to estimate the average monthly and annual energy production from a solar electrical system connected to the grid. PV GIS calculates the optimal slope and slope exposure, which maximizes annual energy production.
POSSIBILITIES OF MODERN ELECTRONIC GEODESIC EQUIPMENT AND TRENDS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kukhar M. , Dobrokhodova O. , Evdokіmov A. , Myronenko M.
Published: October 2021

In modern conditions, geodetic equipment is moving to a new level of development. Previously, the devices developed in the direction of developing accuracy. Now geodetic instruments provide sufficient accuracy to perform work in the field of geodesy.
In this regard, there is a need to optimize the workflow: increase the efficiency of information collection, the amount of information collected per unit time, increase the efficiency of standard tasks in geodesy. This need characterizes a new stage in the development of geodetic instruments.
The study uses methods: observation - to get acquainted with modern geodetic equipment, abstraction – to determine the conceptual technical features of modern electronic geodetic instruments (used specific examples), analysis – to identify trends in modern electronic surveying instruments, sampling – to select instruments to be characterize their categories.
The analysis of the capabilities of modern electronic devices on the example of the total station Leica Nova MS60 and GNSS receiver Leica GS18 I was carried out.
It was found that at the moment characteristic of the development of modern geodetic equipment is the optimization of the workflow using these devices through the development of hardware and software for these devices. For example, in total stations it is an expansion of opportunities, automation of processes of geodetic works. In GNSS receivers – this is an increase in the amount of information collected, reducing the impact of the shortcomings of the satellite signal. Much of this technical development has been provided by modern software, such as Captivate at Leica.
Trends in the development of other and similar modern geodetic equipment are also going in this direction. This statement is characterized by the limits of development of the technical part of the geodetic equipment and significant opportunities for development in the software part.
PECULIARITIES OF ESTATE OF THE NATIONAL GEODESIC NETWORK IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF UKRAINE
Authors: Mikhno P. , Shelkovska I. , Kozar V. , Lashko S.
Published: October 2021

A common feature of NGN in the central region of Ukraine is aging. The differences are determined by the peculiarities of fixing its points on the locallity place. The choice of a specific type of geodetic signal was determined by local physical and geographical features of the location of the point, such as: soil properties, depth of soil freezing, visibility conditions, etc. On the territory of Poltava and Kirovohrad regions there are 70 types of centers, benchmarks and brands, which are fixed points of the planimetric, altitude and gravimetric networks. At the same time, only 9 types significantly prevail of distribution: soil centers and benchmarks for areas with shallow (up to 1.5 m) seasonal soil freezing of types 1, 1op, 2, 2op, 146, 160 and 160 Late; wall benchmarks type 143 and wall beacons type 144.
The peculiarity of the central region of Ukraine is the presence of points that are both points of the planimetric NGN 1, 2 and 3 classes, and altitude NGN I or II classes. Thus such points are fixed either by the ground centers, or ground benchmarks, or horizontal beacons.
Because of the lack of geodetic information on a significant part of the points of the planned and altitude networks, the condition of the NGN of the central region of Ukraine cannot be considered satisfactory at present. For the requirements of monitoring, it is proposed to expand the content of maps of construction, survey and updating of geodetic points with data on the rights of ownership or use of land locations of points and their cadastral numbers. It is also necessary to update the data on those points in the central region of Ukraine, the inspection of which was realized before 2010.
The indicator of admissibility of losses of points of NGN which should be defined separately for networks of 1, 2 and 3 classes is offered. If according to the results of the calculation the actual amount of points is less than the minimum allowable for the corresponding class, and the indicator of admissibility of losses of points has a minus sign, then the corresponding network does not meet the technical parameters. Loss of points in this case is not allowed, and lost points must be restored.
The results of the calculation of this indicator for the central region of Ukraine indicate the need to restore 6 points of the planimetric network of the 2 class in the Kirovohrad region and the inadmissibility of further losses of points of this class.
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE FIELDS OF GEODESY, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND CADASTRE AND URBAN PLANNING
Authors: Pilicheva M. , Anopriienko T.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the study of changes in geodesy, land management, State land cadastre and urban planning. It is proved that changes in certain areas are related to changes in the main directions of land reform in Ukraine, namely the formation of territorial communities and the introduction of a full and open land market. The process of formation of communal property in Ukraine and formation of territorial communities are investigated. At the same time, a special type of documentation appears – a comprehensive plan of spatial development of territorial communities, which is both land management documentation and urban planning documentation at the local level and includes topographic and geodetic data. To determine the boundaries of the territory of the community, a new type of land management documentation was introduced – a land management project to establish the boundaries of the territory of the territorial community. It is established that the number and area of territorial communities are different and can differ dozens of times. It is determined that the issue of creating geospatial data infrastructure is becoming more and more developed in Ukraine, because it combines data from the State Geodetic Network, information from the State Land and Urban Cadastre, which provides additional amplification and data entry, development of documentation using its current data. The issue of land market regulation is considered. Its subjects and features of acquisition of the property right to land plots of agricultural purpose are defined. The maximum size of the total area of agricultural land plots is presented – no more than ten thousand hectares, but until January 1, 2024 for the citizens of Ukraine this value should not exceed 100 hectares. The tendency of changes in establishing the sale price of the land plot, namely in carrying out the normative monetary assessment is determined. It is proposed to create a single assessment procedure for all land plots, regardless of their purpose, but taking into account the boundaries of the territorial community. The average cost of agricultural land by regions of Ukraine is analyzed. It is determined that it is uneven and can differ by 2-2.5 times. It is established that the introduction of real-time electronic auctions for the purchase and sale of agricultural land of all forms of ownership allows to achieve openness and transparency of the land market, as well as attracting a wider range of potential buyers.
METHODS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH JUSTIFICATION OF MINIMUM GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF GRAVEL BACKFILL IN THE OIL RECEIVER OF THE TRANSFORMER SUBSTATION
Authors: Klymas R. , Nizhnyk V. , Ballo Ya. , Khromenkov D. , Gulyk Yu. , Ilchenko N.
Published: October 2021

Transformer is one of the most fire-hazardous types of equipment at power substations. In case of emergency operation or damage to the integrity of the case they can cause a fire. Statistics on fires show that 50 % of fires in the energy sector are transformer equipment; as a rule, such fires are accompanied by an emergency spill of oil from the transformer and its ignition.
Existing approaches to limiting the spread of fire during accidents at oil-filled transformer substations are insufficient and economically costly to minimize the consequences of burning transformer oil spills.
At the same time, a number of design parameters have been identified that negatively affect the effectiveness of fire control. In particular, the Rules for Arrangement of Electrical Installations provide for the provision of electrical substations with oil receivers which is covered with gravel, and the latter is constantly polluted due to environmental influences which impairs its capacity and cooling capacity.
The design and geometrical parameters of oil receivers with oil removal by oil drains defined in Rules for Arrangement of Electrical Installations can be a subject of scientific researches for their improvement.
The purpose of this article is to determine the main provisions of the methodology of experimental studies to substantiate the minimum geometric parameters of gravel backfill in the oil receiver of the transformer substation.
The ultimate goal of the study is to identify patterns of changes in the temperature of transformer oil from the parameters and characteristics of the oil pan, which should perform the function of a fire barrier and cooling the oil below the flash point.
The essence of the method of experimental research is to identify patterns of reduction of the combustion temperature of transformer oil to a temperature below the flash point depending on the geometric parameters of the gravel backfill during oil draining into the emergency tank (oil tank).
The developed technique allows to determine changes in the temperature of transformer oil from the geometric parameters of the oil pan, which should perform the function of a fire barrier and cooling the oil below the flash point.
PULSE METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF TIME PARAMETERS THERMAL FIRE DETECTOR
Authors: Kozak Ya.
Published: October 2021

For thermal fire detectors with a thermoresistive sensitive element, the method of determining its time parameters is justified. The time parameters of operation and the time constant of the thermal fire detector are considered as time parameters. The method is based on the use of the Joule-Lenz effect, for the implementation of which single pulses of electric current are passed through the thermoresistive sensitive element of the fire detector. Pulses having the shape of a quarter sinusoid or a quarter cosinusoid are used as such test signals. Using the Laplace integral transformation, analytical expressions are obtained, which represent the formalization of the reaction of the thermoresistive sensitive element of the fire detector to the corresponding test signals. These analytical expressions are used to obtain the functional dependences of the fire detector time constants on the pulse duration of the electric current and the auxiliary parameter. The auxiliary parameter is the ratio of the values ​​of the output signal of the thermal fire detector at two fixed points in time. This choice of auxiliary parameter allows to ensure invariance with respect to the transfer coefficient of the thermal fire detector with a thermoresistive sensing element. The fixed moments of time are chosen to be equal to half and three quarters of the duration of the pulses of electric current flowing through the thermoresistive sensitive element of the fire detector. The time of operation of the thermal fire detector is determined in the form of two additive components, one of which is a time constant of the fire detector, and the other is determined by the values ​​of normalized parameters in accordance with existing regulations. A sequence of procedures is given, which together represent a method of determining the time parameters of thermal fire detectors of this type.
La tabla de Planeación Estratégica-Musical. Una herramienta para fortalecer el aprendizaje significativo-musical
Authors: Rodrigues da Silva Anderson
Published: October 2021

El presente escrito tiene como objeto la propuesta de una herramienta gráfica para la optimización consciente y programada del aprendizaje musical: se trata de la tabla de Planeación Estratégica-Musical (tabla PEM). Con base en la premisa de que la acción de planear de forma estratégica potencializa el alcance de metas –tanto de manera individual como colectiva– de corto, medio y largo plazo, se hipotetiza que el uso de la tabla pem puede optimizar la praxis musical debido a que su empleo permite a los músicos tener una mayor claridad en sus objetivos, proceso y conclusiones de sus propias prácticas y/o performances musicales. De esta forma, la tabla PEM promueve el enlace de los conocimientos previos con los hallazgos resultantes de una práctica coordinada con la cavilación en tres fases distintas, favoreciendo, así, un aprendizaje significativo-musical.
ДУХОВНЕ ПРОБУДЖЕННЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ: ХАРАКТЕРНІ ОЗНАКИ, УМОВИ ТА ЧИННИКИ
Authors: Тюріна Т. Г.
Published: October 2021

У статті розкрито поняття «духовне пробудження» особистості, використовуючи християнський, духовно-філософський, ноосферний і науковий підходи.

Представлено авторське визначення цього поняття, де духовно пробуджена людина трактується як особистість з космопланетарним рівнем свідомості, носій духовності і духовних знань, активно діюча інформаційно-енергетична одиниця Всесвіту, через яку транслюються духовні космічні енергії. Головне призначення духовно пробудженої людини – одухотворяти світ, привносити у життя людства красу і гармонію, любов і добро, мир і істину, сприяючи його еволюції. Духовний саморозвиток, духовне зростання є вищим смислом її життя.

Розглянуто образи духовно пробудженої людини та їх характерні особливості у творчості видатних вчених: філософів, психологів ХХ–ХХІ століття (А. Маслоу, М. Савчина, послідовників вчення В. Вернадського).

Охарактеризовано умови, які сприяють духовному пробудженню особистості: духовний спосіб життя; пріоритет духовних цінностей; вміння керувати своїми емоціями, почуттями, думками, поведінкою; стійка самодисципліна; позитивна налаштованість особистості, установка на творчість, гармонізацію взаємостосунків зі світом; усвідомлене прагнення до духовного саморозвитку, самовдосконалення; духовно-моральний, особистісний, соціальний рівні зрілості; високий духовно-моральний і духовно-естетичний рівні розвитку; просвітлена свідомість, досягнення стану внутрішньої гармонії через молитву, медитацію та інші духовні практики.

Визначено чинники духовного пробудження особистості: класична музика, література, поезія, мистецтво, спілкування з людьми високого духовного рівня, інформаційно-енергетична взаємодія з літературою духовного спрямування тощо.
КОМП’ЮТЕРНІ ІГРИ І АУТРІЧ-ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ У ІЄРАРХІЇ КОНТЕКСТІВ НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Чурсін М. М. , Лугова Т. А. , Сілютіна І. М.
Published: October 2021

Розглядаються шляхи інтенсифікації процесів пізнання в умовах зростання обсягів інформації, що надходять в навчальний процес вищої школи. Звертається увага в зв'язку з цим на можливості «серйозних ігор» і аутріч-технологій, для яких навчання і пізнання виступають метою, а також контекстом, використовуючи термінологію Г.Бейтсона. У контексті навчання як «серйозні ігри», так і аутріч-технології розглядаються засобом залучення уваги суб'єкта навчання, що надзвичайно важливо, оскільки в умовах надлишку інформації найважливішим ресурсом для того, хто передає інформацію, є саме увага реципієнта. Залучення уваги споживачів інформації стає актуальною метою освітньої діяльності. У зв'язку з цим, на мікрорівні сприйняття, «людина-інформація», підкреслюються можливості комп'ютерних «серйозних ігор». Ігри такого виду, як правило, орієнтовані на професійні знання та навички – від осягнення логіки деякої діяльності до придбання автоматизму виконання окремих операцій. Вони можуть застосовуватися як для розвитку загальної здатності людини до уваги, так і для зосередження уваги на тому чи іншому об'єкті в педагогічному контексті. Вони можуть працювати і на макрорівні пізнання: рівні взаємодії того, хто пізнає, з певним колом джерел.

На макрорівні пізнання працюють і так звані аутріч-технології. У широкому сенсі аутріч – це вибудовування відносин з аудиторією поза формальних каналів спілкування, пропаганда, розширення охоплення лояльної аудиторії. Фактично аутріч-технології служать для залучення уваги потенційних споживачів інформації до існуючих інформаційних ресурсів, здійснюючи «м'який» вплив на процес пізнання.

І «серйозні ігри», і аутріч-технології знаходять своє місце в «ієрархіях контекстів» процесу пізнання, формуючи в останніх відносини, аналогічні відносинам між швидкістю і пройденою відстанню, сприяючи інтенсифікації пізнавальної діяльності.

І ті, і інші стають, таким чином, об'єктами педагогічних досліджень.
Design and Build a Multilevel Mace Nutmeg Dryer to Improve the People's Economy
Authors: Ihsan Ihsan , Ilham Dirja Nur , Putra Reza Ade , Candra Rudi Arif , Budiansyah Arie
Published: October 2021

Nutmeg is a source of income for some people in South Aceh, and some types of nutmeg, like mace nutmeg, are of better quality. Mace nutmeg is also an agricultural community with great economic value and benefits for humans, as it can be processed into spices and herbs. A range of products includes nutmeg oil and medicines. The harvesting and drying of mace nutmeg, which is still considered a problem by nutmeg growers, cannot be isolated from the processing of the basic ingredients. The natural process of drying mace nutmeg involves the use of sunshine, which necessitates a considerable drying time. Therefore nutmeg farmers frequently complain of erratic weather, especially during the wet season. The constant rain can cause the mace to rot, causing the nutmeg farming community's revenue to become unstable. Methods and steps of research work starting from the study of literature, determination of design specifications, hardware design, software design, toolmaking, tool testing.Good results were reached with the dryness of the mace nutmeg, which can be adjusted, and without putting into account the weather in the drying process, which is usually done with the heat of the sun, per the results of the testing of the designed tools.The average dryness of mace nutmeg is at a temperature of 45 percent with a time of 4 hours and a capacity of 100 grams; according to the test results of the automatic mace drying machine, it produces 50 grams of dry mace.
Surgical Outcomes of Pure-Fat Myringoplasty for Small Tympanic Membrane Perforations: A Retrospective Study and Summary of the Literature in the Last 10 Years
Authors: Lee Min Kyu , Kim Tae Min , Lim Sung Jin , Park Dong Heun , Rah Yoon Chan , Choi June
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives Fat myringoplasty is a simple, fast, and effective procedure for repairing tympanic membrane (TM) perforations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the surgical outcomes of pure-fat myringoplasty for small TM perforations at our hospital and review the current knowledge regarding fat myringoplasty, with consideration of the effectiveness of additional substances used in the treatment of small TM perforations.Subjects and Method We retrospectively studied 41 patients who underwent pure-fat myringoplasty at our hospital from March 2008 through April 2019 and were followed up for at least 2 months thereafter.Results Of 41 patients, 16 were males and 25 were females, with the mean age of 48 (male, 9-75 years; female, 16-65 years). All perforations were classified as small perforations, ranging from 1% to 17% of the TM. The overall success rate was 92.7%, with the TMs of 3 patients (7.3%) failing to close. Air-bone gap (ABG) decreased in 19 out of 24 patients who underwent both preoperative and postoperative pure tone audiometric examinations. The mean ABG was 4.42 dB (n=24; paired-t test, p=0.001; 95% confidence interval, 1.77-7.07). The literature review revealed that TM closure success rate of over 80% was associated with pure-fat myringoplasty, while the TM closure success rate for fat myringoplasty with additional substances was 85% to 100%.Conclusion Our study revealed a high TM closure success rate and good hearing outcomes are associated with pure-fat myringoplasty. Pure-fat myringoplasty seems to be sufficient for repairing small TM perforations.
Nasal Floor Slanting and Its Association With Nasofacial Structures
Authors: Park Marn Joon , Choi Yeonjoo , Shin Chol Ho , Jang Yong Ju
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives Nasal floor slanting (NFS) is an incidental radiographic finding of asymmetry in the nasal floor level. Despite its frequent appearance, however, NFS has never been properly defined, neither has its correlation with the asymmetry of the adjacent nasofacial structures been investigated. We evaluated the incidence of NFS in patients with sinonasal symptoms and its correlation with the nasofacial skeletal structures.Subjects and Method We investigated patients who underwent preoperative ostiomeatal unit (OMU) CT and facial photography. We measured the incidence of NFS and its angle in the 265 patient images, and analyzed the relationships between NFS and radiologically detected asymmetries of the adjacent nasofacial skeleton and facial asymmetry visible on a photograph.Results NFS was found in 51% of the study subjects (136/265), who were defined as the slanted group. The mean NFS angle in the slanted group was 7.7° with a standard deviation (SD) of 4.4°, ranging from 2.4° to 22.4°. The slanted group showed a higher incidence of nasal septal deviation, asymmetry in the orbit and maxillary sinus, and a larger maxillary cavity (p<0.001) than the non-slanted group. Asymmetry of the face showed a higher incidence in the slanted group (p<0.01), whereas an external nasal deviation did not show an association with NFS.Conclusion NFS is evident in about 50% of patients complaining of nasal symptoms and is associated with nasofacial skeletal asymmetry as well as asymmetry in the face.
Structural and functional properties of thermolable bacteriocin produced by the Limosilactobacillus fermentum IIE MD-150 strain
Authors: Machulin A. V. , Kosarev I. V. , Abashina T. N. , Abramov V. M. , Uversky V. N. , Karlyshev A. V.
Published: October 2021

Bacteriocins are bacterial proteins or peptides exhibiting antimicrobial activity and synthesized on ribosomes. For a high molecular weight bacteriocin produced by the Limosilactobacillus fermentum IIE MD-150 strain and having the GRAS status (Generally Recognized as Safe), an amino acid sequence homology with enterolysin A produced by the Enterococus faecalis LMG 2333 strain was found. Lactobacillus fermentum IIE MD-150 can be used in the prevention and complex treatment of infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
Study of early and remote effects of hypofractionated proton irradiation in a model of solid Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice
Authors: Balakin V. E. , Belyakova T. A. , Rozanova O. M. , Smirnova E. N. , Shemyakov A. E. , Strelnikova N. S.
Published: October 2021

The effect of a pencil scanning beam of protons at doses of 60 and 80 Gy on the solid form of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice was studied. It was shown that mice with induced EAC are a convenient model for studying hypofractionation schemes under proton therapy.
Effects of biologically active substances from brown algae on the resistance of erythrocyte membranes
Authors: Melnikova M. V. , Shustov E. B. , Kubarskaya L. G. , Belskaya A. V. , Bondarenko A. A. , Melekhova A. S. , Podolskaya E. P. , Krasnov K. A.
Published: October 2021

A study of different modes of administration of bioactive substances (BAS) of algae F. vesiculosus and S. latissima to laboratory animals allowed the authors to establish the doses and duration of administration, at which the complexes under study show moderate cytoprotective activity (15 and 30 mg/kg for S. latissima, 60 and 120 mg/kg for F. vesiculosus; three-day administration). It was found that the complex of BAS F. vesiculosus is characterized by a higher activity with respect to erythrocyte osmotic resistance compared to the complex of BAS S. latissima. At the same time, the complex of BAS laminaria is characterized by a higher activity with respect to erythrocyte peroxide resistance. The above features emphasize the feasibility of combined use of these extracts. At three-day combined administration of complexes of BAS F. vesiculosus and S. latissima at doses of 60 and 15 mg/kg, respectively, their high membrane-protective and antioxidant activity was determined. However, a higher dose or longer administration of the BAS complexes negatively affects the resistance of erythrocyte membranes.
Reduplication in Kodi: A Paradigm Function Account
Authors: Ghanggo Ate Yustinus
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates reduplication in Kodi, an under-documented and understudied language spoken in Sumba Island, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province, eastern Indonesia. Reduplication in Kodi shows various patterns that fall under two major types: full reduplication and partial reduplication. Full reduplication mostly involves reduplication of the entire disyllabic base. In partial reduplication, the salient patterns that are copied are initial parts (a syllable and a foot), an internal part (a syllable), or final parts (foot) of the base. Furthermore, the reduplication process serves to express salient semantic properties, such as verbal number or pluractionality, indirect noun pluralization, attenuation or numeral distributivity. It is argued that (i) stress determines the reduplication process in Kodi in that the syllable or foot which is reduplicated is predictable from the stress patterns, (ii) semantic context triggers reduplication processes, and (iii) the framework of the theory of (Generalized) Paradigm Function Morphology ((G)PFM) ( Stump 2001 , 2016 ; Stewart & Stump 2007 ; Spencer & Stump 2013 ; Spencer 2013 ; Nikolaeva & Spencer 2019 ) can satisfactorily capture how stress determines the reduplication of the base and how semantic context triggers the reduplication process. This study provides additional evidence in support of the (G)PFM theory, which can arguably be extended to handle complex reduplicative patterns beyond Kodi.
Developing a Lung Model in the Age of COVID-19: A Digital Image Correlation and Inverse Finite Element Analysis Framework
Authors: Maghsoudi-Ganjeh Mohammad , Mariano Crystal A. , Sattari Samaneh , Arora Hari , Eskandari Mona
Published: October 2021

Pulmonary diseases, driven by pollution, industrial farming, vaping, and the infamous COVID-19 pandemic, lead morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Computational biomechanical models can enhance predictive capabilities to understand fundamental lung physiology; however, such investigations are hindered by the lung’s complex and hierarchical structure, and the lack of mechanical experiments linking the load-bearing organ-level response to local behaviors. In this study we address these impedances by introducing a novel reduced-order surface model of the lung, combining the response of the intricate bronchial network, parenchymal tissue, and visceral pleura. The inverse finite element analysis (IFEA) framework is developed using 3-D digital image correlation (DIC) from experimentally measured non-contact strains and displacements from an ex-vivo porcine lung specimen for the first time. A custom-designed inflation device is employed to uniquely correlate the multiscale classical pressure-volume bulk breathing measures to local-level deformation topologies and principal expansion directions. Optimal material parameters are found by minimizing the error between experimental and simulation-based lung surface displacement values, using both classes of gradient-based and gradient-free optimization algorithms and by developing an adjoint formulation for efficiency. The heterogeneous and anisotropic characteristics of pulmonary breathing are represented using various hyperelastic continuum formulations to divulge compound material parameters and evaluate the best performing model. While accounting for tissue anisotropy with fibers assumed along medial-lateral direction did not benefit model calibration, allowing for regional material heterogeneity enabled accurate reconstruction of lung deformations when compared to the homogeneous model. The proof-of-concept framework established here can be readily applied to investigate the impact of assorted organ-level ventilation strategies on local pulmonary force and strain distributions, and to further explore how diseased states may alter the load-bearing material behavior of the lung. In the age of a respiratory pandemic, advancing our understanding of lung biomechanics is more pressing than ever before.
Ocular Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Inhibitor XAV939-Loaded Liposomes for Treating Alkali-Burned Corneal Wound and Neovascularization
Authors: Zhong Yueyang , Wang Kai , Zhang Yin , Yin Qichuan , Li Su , Wang Jiaming , Zhang Xiaobo , Han Haijie , Yao Ke
Published: October 2021

Corneal wound involves a series of complex and coordinated physiological processes, leading to persistent epithelial defects and opacification. An obstacle in the treatment of ocular diseases is poor drug delivery and maintenance. In this study, we constructed a Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor, XAV939-loaded liposome (XAV939 NPs), and revealed its anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic effects. The XAV939 NPs possessed excellent biocompatibility in corneal epithelial cells and mouse corneas. In vitro corneal wound healing assays demonstrated their antiangiogenic effect, and LPS-induced expressions of pro-inflammatory genes of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17α were significantly suppressed by XAV939 NPs. In addition, the XAV939 NPs significantly ameliorated alkali-burned corneas with slight corneal opacity, reduced neovascularization, and faster recovery, which were attributed to the decreased gene expressions of angiogenic and inflammatory cytokines. The findings supported the potential of XAV939 NPs in ameliorating corneal wound and suppressing neovascularization, providing evidence for their clinical application in ocular vascular diseases.
Which Event Happened First? Deferred Choice on Blockchain Using Oracles
Authors: Ladleif Jan , Weske Mathias
Published: October 2021

First come, first served: Critical choices between alternative actions are often made based on events external to an organization, and reacting promptly to their occurrence can be a major advantage over the competition. In Business Process Management (BPM), such deferred choices can be expressed in process models, and they are an important aspect of process engines. Blockchain-based process execution approaches are no exception to this, but are severely limited by the inherent properties of the platform: The isolated environment prevents direct access to external entities and data, and the non-continual runtime based entirely on atomic transactions impedes the monitoring and detection of events. In this paper we provide an in-depth examination of the semantics of deferred choice, and transfer them to environments such as the blockchain. We introduce and compare several oracle architectures able to satisfy certain requirements, and show that they can be implemented using state-of-the-art blockchain technology.
Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinols With Different Carbon Skeletons From the Fruits of Garcinia multiflora
Authors: Teng Haida , Li Qingqing , Ma Ziyu , Li Xueni , Xie Wenli , Chen Yu , Yang Guangzhong
Published: October 2021

Eleven new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs, 1–11) and three new monocyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (MPAPs, 12–14), together with ten known analogues were isolated from the fruits of Garcinia multiflora. These PPAPs belong to three types including the bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (BPAPs), the caged PPAPs, and the complicated PPAPs. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined through HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopy data, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) NMR calculations with DP4+ analyses. Moreover, compounds 2 and 7 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against three human cancer lines (MCF-7, T98, and HepG2) with IC50 values ranging from 9.81 ± 1.56 to 17.00 ± 2.75 μM.
Curcumin Conjugated Gold Nanoclusters as Perspective Therapeutics for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wei Dong-zhuo , Li Dan , Zheng Dan-meng , An Zhen-ni , Xing Xue-jiao , Jiang Ding-wen , Mei Xi-fan , Liu Chang
Published: October 2021

Accumulation of lipids in the myocardium contributes to the development of cardiac dysfunctions and various chronic diseases, such as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Curcumin (Cur) can relieve lipid accumulation problems, but its efficiency is limited by poor water solubility and biocompatibility. Herein, gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) were used to improve the efficiency of Cur, and the conjugates Curcumin-AuNCs (AuCur) were developed. In the treatment of high-fat-induced myocardial cell damage, we found that AuCur could effectively reduce intracellular lipid accumulation, the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the increase of mitochondrial division, and the increase of apoptosis compared with Cur. AuCur decreased the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-α subtype (PPARα), and the therapeutic effect of AuCur was canceled when the expression of PPARα was enhanced. For the above reasons, AuCur treated the toxic effect of high lipid on cardiomyocytes by regulating PPARα, providing a new idea and method for the treatment of DCM.