bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZATION OF OAT BIOMASS FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION1
Authors: PINTO CLAUDIA WEBER , BARTH GABRIEL , MOLIN RUDIMAR , SILVA DIMAS AUGOSTINHO DA , PAULETTI VOLNEI
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Biomass produced in agricultural areas stores energy that can be used, contributing to regional development. Among the widely cultivated agricultural species is oats, destined for the production of not only grains and forage, but also biomass. The objective of this study was to characterize oat biomass in terms of the potential for energy generation considering the genetic and cultivation environment variability. Four field experiments were conducted in the state of Paraná and one in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with black oat (Avena strigosa) and white oat (Avena sativa) cultivars. At the milky grain stage, plants were collected to quantify the production of shoot biomass and its qualitative variables for energy production and energy potential. Biomass yield varied between cultivars and cultivation sites. The mean higher calorific value was 17.9 MJ Kg-1, varying more between cultivation sites than between cultivars, being inversely proportional to the ash content. The contents of carbon, fixed carbon, volatile materials and nitrogen in the biomass did not vary between oat cultivars. The power generation potential varied widely between cultivars and cultivation sites, from 1557 to 3091 KWh ha-1, influenced mainly by the biomass yield, which overlaps the effects of the variations found in biomass quality. We concluded that oats are a species with high potential for use as an energy product, and the selection of the most productive cultivars regionally is crucial.
BIOLOGICAL NEMATICIDES ASSOCIATED WITH POULTRY LITTER IN THE CONTROL OF NEMATODES IN SOYBEAN AND SECOND CORN CROP
Authors: ROSA TAYRLEN EDUARDO AMORIM , SOUZA JEAN CRAMENAK DE , PEREIRA WELLINGTON JOSÉ , MOREIRA JANAINA ALVES DE ALMEIDA , ARAÚJO FERNANDO GODINHO DE
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Alternative management measures have been used to reduce nematode population levels in affected areas. In this perspective, the objective was to evaluate the efficiency of nematicides based on fungus and bacterium, associated with poultry litter applied via ground in the management of Pratylenchus brachyurus and Heterodera glycines in soybean and corn crops in succession. The experiment was conducted in the 2018/19 growing season in the municipality of Ipameri– GO (-17°34’55.58”S−48°12’02.35”O) in naturally infested field, arranged in a randomized block design, with 10 treatments and 4 replicates, being: T1- Witness/ control, T2- Poultry litter, T3- P. lilacinum + T. harzianum, T4- B. subtilis + B. licheniformis, T5- P. chlamydosporia, T6- Abamectina, T7- P. lilacinum + T. harzianum + Poultry litter, T8- B. subtilis + B. licheniformis + Poultry litter, T9- P. chlamydosporia + Poultry litter, T10- Abamectina + Poultry litter. The poultry litter was added in the soil 10 days before planting. The plots were composed of 6 lines of 6 m, with a spacing of 0.5 m. In the soybean crop at 45 and 90 days after sowing (DAS), the fresh weight of the roots (MFR), nematological variables and productivity were evaluated. In corn, only nematological variables were evaluated at 60 DAS. The treatments using P. lilacinum + T. harzianum and B. subtillis + B. licheniformes increased the MFR and reduced the number of P. brachyurus and H. glycines at the root. P. chlamydosporia associated with poultry litter increased in productivity in soybean plants.
ARATICUM ACCESSIONS: EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID CONCENTRATIONS AND SOAKING TIMES ON SEED DORMANCY OVERCOMING1
Authors: SILVA EDVAN COSTA DA , VILLA FABÍOLA , SILVA DANIEL FERNANDES DA , POSSENTI JEAN CARLO , SILVA LUCIANA SABINI DA , RITTER GIOVANA
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The germination process of the Annona sylvatica A.St.-Hil becomes difficult because the seeds have physical and physiological numbness. Although, the objective was to evaluate the effect the gibberellic acid can have in overcoming this physiological process. So that, aimed to evaluate the effect of the gibberellic acid in the overcoming dormancy of araticum seeds. Two different projects were developed simultaneously (plants germination in the laboratory and emergence of seedlings in seed). At the laboratory, the experimental design used was completely casualized in factorial scheme 4 x 4. Evaluating the physiological aspect of the germination and vigor. The germination of the seeds presented superior performance when they were immersed in 1200 mg.L-1 of GA3, in 24 h of imbibition, reaching 67% of germination. In the emergence of seedlings in seed, the experimental design used was to randomize blocks in factorial scheme 4 x 5 (four accesses x five periods of immersion). After 110 days, evaluating physiological aspects of emergence and vigor. The emergence varied between 32 to 45% (accesses A1 and A3) in a period of 15 to 24 h (accesses A1 and A3 or A4). High concentration and longer period of soaking in gibberellic acid promote a bigger germination of the araticum seeds. There is a difference between the accesses of the species, necessary to evaluate before being collected, and in the present study the accesses A3 is promising for harvest.
INITIAL GROWTH AND NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION IN PITAYA PLANTS AT DIFFERENT PHENOLOGICAL STAGES1
Authors: LIMA DENISE DE CASTRO , MENDES NOUGLAS VELOSO BARBOSA , DIÓGENES MARIA FGÊNIA SALDANHA , CORRÊA MÁRCIO CLEBER DE MEDEIROS , NATALE WILLIAM , TANIGUCHI CARLOS ALBERTO KENJI
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Information on nutritional management of pitaya crops are scarce. However, understanding the growth and nutrient accumulation in these plants at different developmental stages can assist in the development of rational soil fertilizer application programs for pitaya crops and decrease production costs. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and nutrient accumulation in pitaya plants throughout the crop cycle. Cladodes of pitaya plants of the Hylocereus setaceus species were grown in polyethylene pots containing a Typic Hapludult (Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo Eutrófico) under full sun. The treatments consisted of six sampling times: 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 days after planting (DAP). A randomized block experimental design with four replications was used. Four plants were sampled and evaluated for growth and nutrient accumulation at each sampling time. The pitaya plants presented an exponential growth up to 360 DAP and high nutrient absorption between 300 and 360 DAP. The nutrient and Na accumulations in the cladodes, in decreasing order, were: 3.91 (K), 2.56 (Ca), 1.95 (N), 1.24 (P), 0.45 (Mg), 0.30 (S), and 0.06 (Na) g plant-1, and 14.86 (Zn), 12.72 (Fe), 12.37 (Mn), 5.37 (B), and 1.04 (Cu) mg plant-1. The highest relative growth rate and relative nutrient absorption rate were found between 60 and 120 DAP.
Sociomateriality and Organizational Analysis: from Rhetoric to Relevance
Authors: Holz Edvalter Becker
Published: September 2021

Abstract This essay expands upon the debate on sociomateriality with a critique of the current ontological agenda. Based upon the influential literature from the fields of management and organization studies, and information systems, it presents the emergence, the development, the consolidation and the popularization of the debate on the relations between the social and the material in organizations. Drawing on this trajectory, the paper suggests that the current agenda for a sociomaterial ontology is constituted predominantly through rhetorical uses of the notion of ontology. The relevance of this contribution lies in questioning the supposed development of a sociomaterial ontology, describing and exemplifying its rhetorical strategies: authorial randomness, theoretical centrifugation, and conceptual procrastination. It concludes that it is necessary to return to the phenomenon as relevant “in” the debate from the point of view of its trajectory: the diffusion of new technologies and the subsequent implications at the organizational and social levels. The main implication for future research is the adoption of pragmatic ontologies with the aim of restoring the primacy of the phenomenon over the ontology.
Gender, Race and Diversity: Professional Trajectories of Black Businesswomen
Authors: Coelho Júnior Pedro Jaime de , Hein Audrey Silva
Published: September 2021

Abstract Since the beginning of this century diversity management has been present as an important topic of studies in the field Administration in Brazil. However, research on this topic that focuses on the Black population is still scarce. In order to contribute to fill this gap, this article brings the results of a socio-anthropological investigation conducted through the biographical method and ethnographic fieldwork on the professional trajectories of two generations of Black businesswomen. These trajectories were analyzed from the societal contexts that framed them and considering gender, race and class in an intersectional perspective. The results reveal that the career paths of the second generation were built in a much more favorable societal context. However, they also show that we are still very far from gender and racial equality in the Brazilian corporate world.
Lei Municipal de Incentivo à Cultura: Quais os Efeitos Inclusivos e Democráticos na Produção Cultural Local?
Authors: Xavier Wescley Silva , Baldez Maria Aparecida Neves Azevedo
Published: September 2021

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the inclusive and democratic effects of municipal cultural incentives law in Cataguases, Minas Gerais, fundamentally considering the promotion of citizenship and identity preservation based on cultural production. Data were collected through non-structured interviews with Cataguases cultural producers and analyzed according to a Marxist notion of discourse. Our findings revealed that approved purposes lead to a form of centralization on cultural production at the local level, characterized by the concentration of resources on established groups and the detachment from historically marginalized groups. Moreover, this scenario is aggravated when complementary cultural actions are transferred to the city’s cultural foundations, reinforcing the distinctive character of culture.
The Uncomfortable Lack of Space and Spatiality in Strategy Studies as Social Practice: a Research Agenda
Authors: Borges Jacquelaine Florindo , Takahashi Adriana Roseli Wünsch
Published: September 2021

Abstract In this theoretical essay, we analyze how strategy studies, seen as social practice, benefit from a dialogue with studies of Philosophy, Sociology and Geography about space and associated concepts such as spatiality, territory, region and place. These studies compose a diversified epistemic and theoretical framework. Human and Social Sciences have promoted two epistemic changes in the late 20th century, namely: the return to practice and space. The practical turn in the organizational strategy field was not followed by spatial turn. The aims of the present study are to analyze the spatiality of strategy seen as practice and to suggest a research agenda to connect organizational strategy to topics that go beyond the business world. It has also expanded the frontiers of studies focused on investigating strategy as a complex of socially-situated strategizing practices implemented by a plurality of actors who create and transform space as multiplicity: physical / material, cultural / symbolic, political / economic, represented / narrated.
New Species of Mimosa (Leguminosae) from Brazil
Authors: Jordão Lucas Sá Barreto , Morim Marli Pires , Simon Marcelo Fragomeni , Dutra Valquíria Ferreira , Baumgratz José Fernando A.
Published: September 2021

Abstract— Mimosa is a species-rich genus with about 600 species distributed mainly in the Neotropics. Mimosa is especially diverse in the Cerrado where the genus shows high levels of endemism, but it is also represented in the Caatinga (the Brazilian seasonally
dry vegetations). Four new species are described here, M. emaensis and M. sevilhae from the Cerrado, M. afranioi from the Caatinga, and M. robsonii from the Atlantic domain. We assessed their informal conservation status and two species
would likely be categorized as Endangered (EN), one as Vulnerable (VU) to extinction, and one as Data Deficient (DD).
Plastome and Nuclear Phylogenies of Dwarf Mistletoes (Arceuthobium: Viscaceae)
Authors: Schneider Adam C. , Sanders Kate M. , Idec Jacob H. , Lee Yun Jee , Kenaley Shawn C. , Mathiasen Robert L.
Published: September 2021

Abstract—Dwarf mistletoes are a lineage of morphologically-reduced stem parasites inhabiting Pinaceae and Cupressaceae throughout the northern hemisphere and equatorial East Africa. Though diagnosable by a suite of morphological traits, phylogenetic knowledge of species relationships has been limited to studies employing either comprehensive taxonomic sampling of one or two genes, or more sequence data from a limited number of individuals. We used data from genome skimming to assemble 3kb of the nuclear ribosomal cistron and up to 45kb of the plastome to clarify the phylogenetic root of the genus, monophyly of species, and relationships among infraspecific taxa. Genomic differentiation among terminal taxa was variable; however, we found strong support for reciprocally monophyletic New World and Old World lineages, congruent nrDNA and plastome topologies at the species level and below, and monophyly of most taxonomic sections and species. Plastome gene content was stable across the genus with minimal pseudogenization or loss, as in other hemiparasites, with the notable exception ofcemA. These findings form the basis of our re-evaluation of historical biogeographical hypotheses, species- and subspecies-level taxonomy, and plastome evolution inArceuthobium.More broadly, this work provides a foundation for future clade-focused comparative and biosystematics studies ofArceuthobium.
Reinterpretation of Vegetative and Reproductive Characters Validates Three New Species in the Endangered Herbaceous Bamboo Genus Eremitis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae) from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Fabrício Moreira , Dorneles Welker Cassiano A. , Clark Lynn G. , Oliveira Reyjane P.
Published: September 2021

Abstract— Reinterpreting the morphology of two taxa proposed by Victoria C. Hollowell in the 1980s and not formally published, we describe here three new species of Eremitis, a Neotropical genus of herbaceous bamboos (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae), which is
endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Two of them, Eremitis grandiflora and E. paucifolia, are endemic to Espírito Santo state. Eremitis victoriae occurs in southern Espírito Santo and has also been documented for southern Bahia.
Eremitis grandiflora is similar to the smallest species of the genus, but can be differentiated by its decumbent culms with scale-like leaf blades and its longer gynecandrous whorls. Eremitis paucifolia is characterized by its leafy culms with a reduced number of
leaves [5‐6(‐7)] compared to other species of the genus. Eremitis victoriae is distinguished from the congeneric species mainly by its abaxially glaucous leaf blades. Here, we provide an identification key to all described species of Eremitis that occur in
Espírito Santo, as well as a map with their geographical distribution. All three new species are illustrated with both line drawings and photographic images, and an informal assessment of their conservation status is presented.
A Revision of Conchocarpus with Pantocolporate Pollen Grains: The Almeidea Group (Galipeinae, Rutaceae)
Authors: Bruniera Carla Poleselli , Kallunki Jacquelyn A. , Silva Inês Machline , Silva Cláudia Inês da , Groppo Milton
Published: September 2021

Abstract— Conchocarpus is the largest genus of Galipeinae (tribe Galipeeae), which is the most diverse group of Neotropical Rutaceae, with ca. 50 species. Recent phylogenetic analyses support a recircumscription of Conchocarpus to accommodate the species
of Almeidea, a taxon from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest and Bolivia whose synapomorphy is the possession of pantocolporate pollen grains. Four species are recognized here: C. albiflorus, C. coeruleus, C. hendrixii, and C. ruber. A taxonomic revision of
this group of four species of Conchocarpus is provided, with updates of their nomenclature, morphology, circumscription, geographic distribution, and preliminary conservation status, as well as a key to the species and illustrations. Conchocarpus limae and C. lilacinus
are consigned to the synonymy of C. ruber.
Three New Species of Justicia (Acanthaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Silva Fabio Araújo da , Gil André dos Santos Bragança , Barra Camila Fernandes , Kameyama Cíntia
Published: September 2021

Abstract— Three new species of Justicia (Acanthaceae), J. montealegrensis, J. multiglandulosa, and J. paraensis from the Brazilian Amazon, discovered during the preparation of a taxonomic treatment of genus for the state
of Pará, are herein described and illustrated. Their geographic distribution, habitat, preliminary conservation status, taxonomic comments, line drawings, photo plates, and comparison of diagnostic morphological characters with those of similar taxa are also provided.
SymplocosFruits from the Pliocene of Colombia
Authors: Manchester Steven R. , Lott Terry A. , Herrera Fabiany , Hooghiemstra Henry , Wijninga Vincent M. , Fritsch Peter W.
Published: September 2021

Abstract—Fossil fruits ofSymplocos(Ericales: Symplocaceae) are here recognized from the Pliocene of Guasca, Colombia, based on specimens formerly attributed toCordia(Cordiaceae, Boraginales).Symplocos vera(Berry) comb. nov. is represented by 19 lignitized fruits. The fossils are recognized as belonging toSymplocosprimarily by their woody endocarps that are apically truncate and that possess 3 to 5 apical germination pores and locules, and a central vascular canal extending the length of the endocarp. In several key characters they are highly congruent with the endocarps of the extant Neotropical cladeS.ser.Symplocos. Some of the extant species in the series are variably 3- to 5-locular; 4-locular endocarps are otherwise rare inSymplocos, and 5-locular endocarps appear to be unique to this series.Symplocos verais the only specifically named record of fossilSymplocosfruits with accessible voucher specimens from South America. The younger Neogene age of the fossils relative to those attributed toS.ser.Symplocosfrom the late Eocene of Texas, along with a report of Colombian fossil endocarps from the middle Miocene, supports the North America to South America migration inferred for this clade from molecular phylogenetic data.
Xylopia maasiana (Annonaceae), a New Species from the Brazilian Amazon, and Taxonomic Notes on Xylopia nitida Dunal
Authors: Pontes-Pires Aline Fernandes , Barbosa Maria Regina de V. , Johnson David M.
Published: September 2021

Abstract— During a taxonomic and phylogenetic study of Xylopia from the Amazon River basin, South America, we examined collections from the Brazilian states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia, and Tocantins that resembled Xylopia nitida
by some characteristics of the leaves, but differed consistently from the latter in a number of floral and fruit characters. On the basis of these specimens we describe here a new species, Xylopia maasiana. The new species is a small to medium-sized tree encountered mostly in
riparian habitats across the southern Brazilian Amazon and in some transition areas between the Amazon forest and cerrado biomes in Central Brazil. In addition to the detailed description, we include a preliminary assessment of conservation status, taxonomic comments, illustrations, a distribution
map of the new species, and comparison with X. nitida.
A Reassessment of the Little-Known Amazonian Fern Diplazium praestans Based on Molecular and Morphological Evidence
Authors: Riibe Lindsey , Sundue Michael , Sessa Emily , Testo Weston
Published: September 2021

Abstract— Family- and genus-level circumscription of ferns in the suborder Aspleniineae (eupolypods II) has long been controversial, due in part to confusion about the relationship among the families Aspleniaceae and Athyriaceae. Recent studies have demonstrated that
character states traditionally used to infer a close relationship between these two families are either symplesiomorphic or homoplastic, and re-examination of numerous taxa has led to the recircumscription of several clades, and the description of several new families and genera. In light
of these findings, we re-evaluated the taxonomic affinities of Diplazium praestans, a little-known fern from western Amazonia that is morphologically disparate to the remainder of Neotropical Diplazium. Using sequence data from three chloroplast markers and analysis of eight
morphological characters, we demonstrate that Diplazium praestans was erroneously placed in that genus and instead is a Hymenasplenium. We place it in a phylogenetic context, reassess its morphology in light of our findings, evaluate its conservation status under IUCN criteria,
and provide a new combination: Hymenasplenium praestans. We also provide an updated key to the Neotropical species of Hymenasplenium and discuss unresolved taxonomic problems in the genus.
Calea funkiana (Compositae, Neurolaeneae), A New Endemic Species From Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Bueno Vinícius Resende , Heiden Gustavo
Published: September 2021

Abstract— A new species of Calea belonging to sect. Meyeria is described and named as an in memoriam tribute to Vicki Ann Funk (1947‐2019), who dedicated her career to plant systematics, specially focusing on the Compositae. Calea funkiana
resembles Calea triantha, but is distinguished by the slightly branched habit, apically acute leaves, glabrous ray florets, and, mainly, the villose indumentum of stems, leaves, peduncle, and outer phyllaries. The new species is described and illustrated, its geographic distribution
is mapped, and its taxonomic affinities are discussed. Additionally, a key for the species of Calea from Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil, is provided.
A New Distinctive Species ofSchizanthus(Solanaceae) and the Reinstatement ofSchizanthus fallax
Authors: Lavandero Nicolás , Chinga Javiera , Pinto Raquel , Pérez María Fernanda
Published: September 2021

Abstract—A newSchizanthusspecies from northern Chile is described and illustrated.Schizanthus nutantifloruswas discovered based on recent collections made during unusual rain events in the Atacama Desert in 2015. The new species is distinguished morphologically from otherSchizanthusspecies from northern Chile by its short corolla tube, with a distinct upper lip arrangement and colour, having the longest lower lip, and downward-facing flowers. Additionally, the reinstatement ofSchizanthus fallaxis proposed. By using both nDNA and cpDNA, phylogenetic relationships among all species ofSchizanthuswere investigated. Molecular and field observations, as well as an exhaustive morphological revision of fresh material and herbarium specimens, supports the segregation ofSchizanthuswith short corolla tubes from northern Chile into three species. We propose that, in order to fully understand both the taxonomy and evolution ofSchizanthus, an integrative framework encompassing molecular, ecological, and morphological data should be carried out. Information on distribution, habitat, informal conservation status, as well as taxonomic notes and illustrations are provided. In addition, an updated key for the species ofSchizanthusfrom northern Chile is given.
An Overlooked New Endemic Species of Rhipidocladum (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Arthrostylidiinae) from Mexico
Authors: Ruiz-Sanchez Eduardo , Tyrrell Christopher D. , Vigosa-Mercado J. Luis
Published: September 2021

Abstract— Rhipidocladum is the fourth most speciose genus in the bamboo subtribe Arthrostylidiinae. The species in this genus have a wide geographical distribution from North America (Mexico) to South America (Argentina). In Mexico, there are five Rhipidocladum
species, two of which are endemic. During a recent review of herbaria, we found some specimens of Rhipidocladum from Guerrero, Jalisco, and Nayarit that do not fit morphologically with any of the five Rhipidocladum species presently known in Mexico nor any other species in the
genus. Here we describe and illustrate Rhipidocladum barbinode, a new species endemic to Mexico. We additionally provide an updated morphological key to the Rhipidocladum species of Mexico.
Three new species of Piptolepis (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) from the Diamantina Plateau, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Cândido Jacqueline Bonfim e , Loeuille Benoît
Published: September 2021

Abstract— Piptolepis is an endemic genus of the Brazilian Central Plateau. It comprises 13 species, almost all of them microendemic and poorly collected. They are shrubs, subshrubs, or treelets, with leaves displayed in a typical pad-like sheath, the heads are
solitary or organized in a pseudoglomerule, or rarely a syncephalium (second-order inflorescence), with weakly imbricate phyllaries. As a preliminary result of an ongoing taxonomic revision of Piptolepis, we hereby report three new species. P. corymbosa is similar to P.
leptospermoides, while P. pilosa resembles P. ericoides, and Piptolepis procumbens is similar to P. campestris. These new species are described and illustrated, their taxonomic affinities are discussed, and the informal conservation status for
each is assessed.
Examining the Needle in the Haystack: Evolutionary Relationships in the Mistletoe Genus Loranthus (Loranthaceae)
Authors: Nickrent Daniel L. , Su Huei-Jiun , Lin Ruo-Zhu , Devkota Mohan Prasad , Hu Jer-Ming , Glatzel Gerhard
Published: September 2021

Abstract— The genus Loranthus (Loranthaceae) consists of ca. nine Old World species distributed from eastern Asia to Europe. Loranthus, the type of the family, has had a complex taxonomic history that continues today, partly because most mistletoes in
the family have resided in this genus. For this reason, there are over 1800 Loranthus species names, the vast majority of which are synonyms for mistletoes in other genera. The present work sampled representatives of nine species considered bona fide members of the genus. Using complete
plastome sequences, nuclear ribosomal DNA, and mitochondrial 26S rDNA, phylogenetic gene trees were generated to assess interspecific relationships. The Loranthus plastomes ranged in size from 121 to 125 kb and exhibited the quadripartite structure seen in most Santalales. These plastomes
have lost or pseudogenized 24 genes, including all of the NADH dehydrogenase complex, thus reducing the genomes to ca. 90 functional genes. Cladistic analyses of morphological characters were conducted and these trees compared to the molecular trees, thus informing which taxonomic characters
best define clades and characterize species within the genus. Two major clades in Loranthus were identified. The Europaeus clade includes the deciduous species L. europaeus, L. grewingkii, L. lambertianus, and L. tanakae mostly distributed above 30° N
latitude. The Odoratus clade, mostly distributed below 30° N latitude, included L. guizhouensis, L. kaoi, L. odoratus, and L. pseudo-odoratus. The latter four species are genetically closely related, show percurrent (vs. pseudo-dichotomous) branching, and have
evergreen leaves. Unisexual flowers have apparently evolved independently in each of the two clades. Future work should focus upon the species delimitation in the Odoratus clade and whether hybridization is occurring among any members.
Portosystemic shunting procedures for complicated portal hypertension: modern opportunities of mini-invasive technique
Authors: Khoronko Yu. V. , Kosovtsev E. V. , Kozyrevskiy M. A. , Khoronko E. Yu. , Krivorotov N. A. , Chesnokov V. V.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To improve the results of treatment for patients with complicated portal hypertension of cirrhotic genesis using the transjugular intahepatic portosystemic shunt with endovascular obliteration of the inflow pathways to the esophageal-gastric varicose veins.

Material and methods. Transjugular intahepatic portosystemic shunt was performed in 172 patients with gastroesophageal variceal bleeding. The patients were divided into 3 clinical groups. The shunting procedure was applied to 62 patients. Another 110 patients underwent transjugular intahepatic portosystemic shunt and selective obliteration of the esophageal-gastric vein inflow pathways. The short-term and long-term results (up to 140 months), the incidence of thrombosis, recurrent bleeding and mortality, as well as their relationship with the established risk factors for complications were traced.

Results. All patients achieved an effective reduction in the portosystemic pressure gradient and a reduction in the manifestations of portal hypertension. Recurrence of bleeding caused by shunt thrombosis occurred in 23 (13.3%) patients. In clinical group I (n = 62), this complication was noted in 9 (14.5%) patients, in II (n = 54) – 11 (20.4%) cases, in III (n = 56) – only in 3 (5.4%) cases. Bleeding-free survival decreased from 1.0 to 0.82 in 83.9 months, then plateaued. A sharp decrease in the Kaplan–Meier curve from 1.0 to 0.88 was observed within 24.5 months after the intervention. The largest number of deaths was in group I (30.6%), the smallest in group III (7.1%).

Conclusion. Transjugular intahepatic portosystemic shunt supplemented by obliteration the inflows of the esophagealgastric varicose veins provides complete eradication of varicose veins, helps to reduce the frequency of recurrent bleeding and death.
Controversial issues of biliary stenting in patients with proximal biliary obstruction
Authors: Kulezneva J. V. , Melekhina O. V. , Musatov A. B. , Efanov M. G. , Tsvirkun V. V. , Nedoluzhko I. Yu. , Shishin K. V. , Salnikov K. K. , Kantimerov D. F.
Published: September 2021

The management of biliary decompression in malignant hilar carcinoma remains controversial. This review shows the most relevant aspects of endoprosthetics for proximal biliary obstruction, including necessity of stenting and morphological verification before radical surgery, selection of approach to drain etc. The main contradictions and ways to solve them are presented in this article, based on evidence researches, international and expert consensus conferences.
Possibilities of applying minimally invasive technologies in the treatment of complications in patients after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Kabanov M. Yu. , Yakovleva D. M. , Sementsov K. V. , Degtеrev D. B. , Belikova M. Ya. , Zdasyuk S. O. , Ladosha M. Yu. , Sankovskiy A. V.
Published: September 2021

Several clinical observations of rare complications of pancreatoduodenectomy in the early and long-term postoperative periods are presented. The authors tell about the bile leakage (severity C), arrosive bleeding, thrombosis of the liver vessels, as well as bowel obstruction from carcinomatosis. The possibilities of modern minimally invasive technologies are demonstrated: ante- and retrograde and endovascular methods in the treatment of these complications. Pancreatoduodenectomy should be performed in multidisciplinary medical centers with extensive experience and modern equipment that allows timely correction of postoperative complications.
Safety Evaluations of Topical Vitamin K1 for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor-Induced Rash
Authors: JR Wolf , R Nabiee , B Candela , S Nassirirad , R Mehvar , HM Aliabadi , SF Wong
Published: September 2021

Papulopustular rash occurs in 80% of patients receiving Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor therapy for cancer. Topical vitamin K1, a phosphatase inhibitor, could reduce epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor-induced rash. This preliminary safety study evaluated a novel topical 0.1% vitamin K1product for potential use in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor-induced rash. Ten healthy subjects applied topical 0.1% vitamin K1 to healthy and tape stripped skin every 12 hours for five doses. Vitamin K1 levels were measured by ELISA in serum and plasma at 0, 26, and 50 hours. Vitamin K1 levels ranged between 0 to 8.22ng/ml. Bivariate correlative analyses showed no association between mean vitamin K1 concentration and time (r=0.008, p=0.930). Using a range of vitamin K1 concentrations (2.5 to 100ng/ml) that encompassed and exceeded the levels detected in our healthy subjects, we evaluated the ability of vitamin K1 to reverse cetixumab-induced Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor inhibition in A549 lung cancer cells. Vitamin K1 did not significantly change phosphorylated-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor levels in cetuximab-treated cells (p>0.670). In conclusion, systemic vitamin K1 levels up to 100ng/ml would not interfere with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor therapy. Our next step is to test the effectiveness of our 0.1% topical VK1 formulation for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor-induced rash in patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor therapy in a randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded study.
Erectile Dysfunction and Premature Ejaculation Drugs: Mode of Action and Analytical Methods Literature Review
Authors: AE Ibrahim , M Elhenawee , H Saleh , MM Sebaiy
Published: September 2021

This literature review focuses on drugs used for erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation, in respect of mode of action and different analytical techniques used for their determination either alone or in combination with other drugs in different pharmaceutical and biological matrices. The cited drugs are Sildenafil, Avanafil, Apomormphine, Yohimbine, Tramadol, Dapoxetine, and Trazodone.
Study of raw material components of light ceramic brick LLC "PKK on Zakamennaya"
Authors:   LLC ", Avtukhovich V.V. ,   Proizvodsvo Keramicheskogo Kirpicha Na Zakamennoi",   ,, Krasnovskikh M.P. ,   Perm State University,, Kamenschikov O. U. ,   Perm State University,, Gabov A. L. ,   Perm State University,, Mokrushin I. G ,   Perm State University,
Published: September 2021

The use of a complex of chemical and instrumental methods of analysis opens up wide possibilities for studying the transformations of charge components that occur during the production of light ceramic bricks of PKK on Zakamennaya LLC. The applicability of modern thermal analysis methods is described and determined, and recommendations are given for solving technological problems of this ceramic production.
Neochamanismo urbano : engaño, abuso y poder en la comunidad carare, de Betty Sánchez Sarmiento.
Authors: Lara Largo Sofía
Published: September 2021

Esta autoetnografía aborda el proceso de emergencia, consolidación y legitimación de un liderazgo, denominado por la autora como neochamánico, así como la amplia gama de prácticas de poder que éste instauró, cooptando la fe y la confianza de aquellos que se volvieron sus  seguidores y súbditos asiduos. La vivencia, por más de diez años en el seno de una comunidad neochamánica urbana, le permite a la narradora hacer un retrato estremecedor de la experiencia vivida y de la manera en que se estableció un fino andamiaje de la creencia, particularmente reglamentado y cooptado, que desembocaría en el despliegue de un régimen de violencia moral, espiritual, de género y sexual. El liderazgo enceguecedor del neochamán, mediado por plantas asociadas a rituales indígenas diversos, como el yajé, el mambe de coca y el ambil, determinaría años de vivencias hiperritualizadas. Estas experiencias, permeadas por visiones altamente estereotipadas del mundo indígena y por la omnipresencia del liderazgo neochamánico, generaron, en algunos miembros de la denominada Comunidad de Paz Carare de Pensamiento Bonito (CPCPB), consecuencias dolorosas y traumáticas. Los fenómenos descritos, a lo largo de esta narración detallada de lugares, de relaciones entre humanos, de encuentros y desencuentros entre humanos y plantas, de hitos vitales coyunturales, llevarán a la autora, en su conclusión, a asociar lo vivido con fenómenos más amplios ya conocidos de deriva sectaria.
Tejidos mediáticos de lo negro : hacia una topografía racializada de la nación colombiana, de Catalina Zapata Cortés.
Authors: Zuluaga Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

Catalina Zapata, historiadora y magister magíster en Sociología de la Cultura y Análisis Cultural, presenta en este libro su más reciente trabajo de investigación sobre los regímenes de representación de la negridad en la nación colombiana. El texto explora de manera diferencial los universos de sentido y las formas de representación de lo ‘negro’ en un conjunto de imágenes y discursos mediáticos en los que, a pesar de ser asumidos como auténticos de la cultura popular e incluso como reivindicativos de lo negro, un examen en profundidad devela para la autora una gramática colonial, eurocéntrica y racializada.
Hablantes de lengua indígena en la Ciudad de México : entre desplazamiento y mantenimiento lingüístico.
Authors: Ząbecki Krzysztof
Published: September 2021

El artículo presenta la situación de las lenguas indígenas en la Ciudad de México, concentrándose en la identificación de los principales factores que provocan su desplazamiento por el español o que, al contrario, facilitan su mantenimiento. Para identificar y evaluar estos factores se analizan los datos obtenidos de las entrevistas con representantes de instituciones oficiales, miembros de organizaciones indígenas e investigadores, así como los datos estadísticos y bibliográficos. El resultado es una lista de los principales factores socioculturales, económicos y político-institucionales que influyen de manera positiva o negativa en la vitalidad de las lenguas indígenas en la ciudad. La principal conclusión es que son las diferentes formas de discriminación que desempeñan el papel clave en el desplazamiento lingüístico entre la población indígena en Ciudad de México.
Conocer, transmitir, convivir, reconocer y valorar : nuevas categorías para la comprensión del patrimonio cultural inmaterial (PCI) en la plaza de mercado de las flores en Bogotá.
Authors: Rodríguez Gutiérrez Laura María
Published: September 2021

El PCI analiza las diferentes expresiones culturales a partir de los lineamientos dados por la UNESCO y el Ministerio de Cultura en un ejercicio académico y gubernamental que busca clasificar, valorar y visibilizar aquello que se considera representativo para la nación. Para lograrlo, define 13 campos en los cuales se inscriben las diferentes manifestaciones, no obstante, la mayoría de estos campos son lejanos a los procesos culturales que se tejen en la ciudad. A partir de esta afirmación, se plantea el estudio de la plaza de mercado desde un enfoque histórico que permite reconocer sus transformaciones y permanencias, para pasar a un análisis etnográfico de la Plaza de Mercado de las Flores, ubicada en la localidad Kennedy en Bogotá, del cual surgen nuevas categorías de análisis: conocer, transmitir, convivir, reconocer y valorar, que permiten que la plaza sea interpretada como un complejo entramado cultural.
SİYASİ PARTİLERİN EĞİTİM POLİTİKALARININ NEOLİBERALİZM BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KAHVECİ Hakkı
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, siyasi partilerin eğitim politikalarının neoliberalizmle ne düzeyde ilişkili olduklarını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda TBMM’de grubu bulunan AK Parti, CHP, MHP, İYİ Parti ve HDP’nin parti programlarındaki eğitimle ilgili hedefleri incelenmiştir. Siyasi partilerin parti programları dışındaki diğer beyanatları analiz kapsamına alınmamıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Analizde eğitimle ilgili hedefler öncelikle tespit edilmiştir. Bu hedefler kodlanarak kategorilere ve temalara ayrılmıştır. Siyasi parti programlarının eğitim başlığındaki hedefleri incelendiğinde AK Parti, CHP, İYİ Parti ve MHP’nin birçok noktada benzer hedeflerinin bulunduğu görülmektedir. Neoliberalizmin benimsediği rekabet, başarı, yetenek gibi anahtar kavramlar çeşitli düzeylerde bu partilerin programında yer almaktadır. AK Parti, CHP ve İYİ Parti özel sektörü destekleme ve özel sektörle iş birliğini güçlendirme hedefleriyle daha neoliberal bir çizgi benimsemektedir. Diğer taraftan bu dört partinin programında neoliberalizmle kısmen çelişebilecek farklı toplumsal hedefler de görülmektedir. Ancak bu toplumsal hedefler partilerin ideolojik dayanaklarından dolayı küçük farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bu noktada en güçlü toplumsal vurgu milliyetçilik ve üniter devlet söylemiyle MHP’ye aittir. HDP ise eğitimde kamunun etkinliğine vurgu yapmaktadır. Sınavlar yoluyla ayrıştırmaya ve öğrencilerin rekabete sürüklenmesine karşı çıkmaktadır. Ekonomik bağlamda neoliberalizmi reddettiğini ifade etmektedir. Ancak çok kültürlülük ve kimlik siyasetine önemle vurgu yapmaktadır. Bu nedenle HDP’nin ekonomik alanın dışında kalan eğitim politikalarının postmodern ve neoliberalizme yakın olduğu söylenebilir.
Digital Economy
Authors: Abdrakhmanova Gulnara , Vishnevskiy Konstantin , Gokhberg Leonid , Demyanova Anna , Kevesh Marina , Kovaleva Galina , Kotsemir Maxim , Kuznetsova Irina , Ozerova Olga , Polyakova Valentina , Ratay Tatyana , Ryzhikova Zinaida , Streltsova Ekaterina , Suslov Anton , Utyatina Kristina , Fridlyanova Svetlana , Fursov Konstantin , Shugal Nikolay , Kovrigina Maria
Published: September 2021

This pocket data book contains the most recent statistical data representing the level and dynamics of the digital economy development in the Russian Federation. International comparisons are provided for a number of indicators. The data book includes information of the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), Russian Central Bank (Bank of Russia), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Statistical Office (Eurostat), International Telecommunication Union (ITU), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge.
Clinical, Microbiological and Radiological Characterises of Lower Respiratory tract Infection in Children with Established Congenital Heart Diseases.
Authors:   Associate professor of Pediatrics, Vydehi Institute Of medical sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Bhaskar Dr. Sandeep , K M Dr. Afzal ,   Senior Resident of Pediatrics, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Babu R Dr. Manjunatha ,   Professor of Pediatrics, Akash Institute of medical sciences, Devanahalli, Karnataka, India, NK Dr. Subramanya ,   Professor of Pediatrics, Vydehi Institute Of medical sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (ALRTI) is the most common cause of deathin children under five. Various demographic, socio-economic and environmental factors have beenassociated with ALRTI, with conflicting results. Children with congenital heart diseases are morevulnerable to lower respiratory tract infections following the fact that they had an anatomical defectthat causes hemodynamic disturbance of lung circulation and mucosal oedema finally leads todecreased lung compliance and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. Methods: Children agedbetween1 month and 18 years with clinically established congenital heart disease confirmed byechocardiography and presenting with signs and symptoms suggestive of lower respiratory tractinfection were enrolled in the study. A detailed history was taken and routine blood investigationswere done in all cases. Chest X-Ray was done to confirm the clinical diagnosis. Results: Mean ageof the study subjects was 2 years. VSD was seen in 64.9% of cases while 10.5% of cases had VSDand ASD. The most common presenting symptoms were: cough (98.2%), reduced feeding (97.4%),fever (89.5%), running nose (67.5%) and wheeze (49.1%). Leucocytosis and raised ESR were seenin 66.7% and 64.9% cases respectively. In Throat swab Commensals were seen in 36% of caseswhile gram-positive cocci were seen in 3.5% cases respectively. In blood culture Streptococcuspneumoniae being the commonest organism isolated. Bilateral and unilateral opacities on chest x-ray were seen in 16.7% and 12.3% cases respectively. Conclusion: Bronchopneumonia was thecommonest LRTI in children with the predominance of VSD.
Kahramanmaraş İli Yaban Hayatı Memeli Faunası
Authors: YÜRÜMEZ Gökhan
Published: September 2021

Yapılan literatür çalışmalarında Kahramanmaraş ilinde yayılış yapması muhtemel 39 memeli hayvan türü

belirlenmiştir. 2016-2020 yılları arasında Kahramanmaraş ilinde ve kırsal alanlarında gerçekleştirilen bu

çalışmada, 424 lokalitede toplam 55 gün arazi ve gözlem çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar sırasında,

doğrudan gözlemler için türün görülmesinin yanı sıra dürbün, video kamera, DSLR kamera ve kamera tuzakları

kullanılırken; dolaylı gözlem yöntemleri için ayak izleri, dışkı, ağaçların soyulması ve besin artıkları

kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca yöre halkı ile anket çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Yapılan arazi ve gözlem çalışmaları sonucu,

Kahramanmaraş ilinde 6 takım, 20 familyaya ait 33 memeli türü tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, yaban kedisi

(Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777) ve çizgili sırtlanın (Hyaena hyaena (Linnaeus, 1758)) Kahramanmaraş ilinden

ilk kez kaydı verilmiştir. Türlerin koruma durumları IUCN, BERN, CITES ve MAKK kriterlerine göre

değerlendirilmiştir.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae’de Krom (K2Cr2O7) ile Oluşturulan Oksidatif Hasara Goji Berry’nin Koruyucu Etkileri
Authors: ASLAN Abdullah
Published: September 2021

Goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) antioksidan özellikleri sayesinde son zamanlarda kullanılan fonksiyonel gıdalar arasında yer almaktadır. Anti-oksidatif, kardiyo-protektif, nöro-protektif, anti-diyabet, anti-kanser ve anti-tümör özelliklerinin yanı sıra daha birçok hastalığın tedavisinde koruyucu rol oynadığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada 4 grup oluşturulmuştur. Gruplar; (1) Kontrol grubu; (2) Goji berry Grubu (%10); (3) Krom (K2Cr2O7) Grubu (10 mM); (4) Goji berry (% 10) + Krom (K2Cr2O7) (10 mM) Grubu. Saccharomyces cerevisiae kültürleri 1h, 3h, 5h ve 24h boyunca 30 °C'de geliştirilmiştir. Malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyleri, katalaz aktivite tayini (CAT), glutatyon (GSH) seviyeleri ve hücre gelişimi spektrofotometre ile ölçülmüştür. SDS-PAGE elektroforez analizi ile total protein değişiklikleri tespit edilmiş ve bradford metodu ile hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarımıza göre; Krom (K2Cr2O7) grubu ile kıyaslandığında, Goji berry + Krom (K2Cr2O7) grubunda hücre gelişimi (1h, 3h, 5h ve 24h, total protein sentezi (24h), GSH seviyeleri (24h) ve katalaz aktiviteleri (24h) artarken, MDA düzeyi (24h) azalış göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, Goji berry yaprağı’nın S. cerevisiae kültüründe Krom (K2Cr2O7) kaynaklı oksidatif hasarı azaltarak, total protein sentezini olumlu yönde arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Goji berry yaprağı tedavisinin hücre gelişimi ve büyümesinde teşvik edici bir role sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
The Assessment of H2S Emission from Araç Watercourse, in Karabük
Authors: ULUTAŞ Kadir , KOCAMAN Ayhan , ÇALHAN Rahman
Published: September 2021

Odor pollution is an important type of pollution that is subject to complaints in terms of quality of life and health. Since the odor perception is a sensorial process that occurs naturally with breathing, it is difficult to avoid when exposed. H2S is one of the main sources of odor pollution and wastewater reservoir, estuarine and polluted river or waterways are among the most suitable areas for H2S formation. The aim of this study is to determine the changes in H2S concentrations on Araç Watercourse. Therefore, in this study, H2S concentrations were determined instantaneously by using portable handheld gas monitors in air samples from the surface of Araç Watercourse at 15 points within the boundaries of Karabük city, and at the same time, pH and temperature values were determined. According to results , there were statistically significant differences in the H2S and pH values between the sampling points (p