bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Descriptive Analysis of the COVID-19 Pandemic During the First and Second Waves in a North-Central State in Nigeria
Authors: Fakayode Oluwatosin E. , Awoyale Oladayo D. , Ilesanmi Olayinka S. , Oladiji Femi , Afolabi Aanuoluwapo A. , Oyewo Muftau T. , Adefila Ifeoluwa A. , Bakinde Itunuoluwa G. , Muhammed Adamu N. , Yinusa Jibril , Abdullahi Damilola M. , Lawal Habib A. , Ajao Kasali S. , Adedoyin Saheed O.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 is a novel infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). This study was a descriptive analysis the epidemiology of COVID-19 during the first and second waves in Kwara State, North-Central Nigeria. Methods: This study investigated COVID-19 cases and deaths in Kwara State between 2nd April 2020 when Kwara State recorded her index case till the 15th of September 2020 (first wave), and between 16th September 2020 till 15th March 2021 (second wave). Case definitions of COVID-19 as obtained from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) was used. Data were extracted from the case notes of patients and the Surveillance Outbreak Response Management System, and on-site activities engaged in by the field investigation team were duly captured. Results: Overall, 3015 confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been identified in Kwara State as of 15th March 2021. The median age was 38 years and ranged between 24 days to 97 years. Also, 1056 (35%) were aged 25 – 39 years, 1695 (56.2%) were males. The case fatality rate was less than 2%. A total of 1064 (35.3%) symptomatic COVID-19 cases had been identified as of the reference date, among whom 696 (65.4%) were mild, 308 (28.9%) were moderate, and 60 (5.6%) were severe/critical cases. Conclusion: COVID-19 remains a public health problem. A scale-up of COVID-19 surveillance activities should be conducted by the Ministry of Health through active case search and regular refresher training for volunteers. In addition, active community engagement should be prioritized by stakeholders in the national COVID-19 outbreak response.
Ruta montana(L.) L.: An insight into its medicinal value, phytochemistry, biological properties, and toxicity
Authors: Benkhaira Nesrine , Ibnsouda Koraichi Saad , Fikri-Benbrahim Kawtar
Published: August 2022

Ruta montana (RM) is a medicinal and aromatic plant (MAP) used in folk medicine, especially in North Africa, to treat digestive, infectious, respiratory, neurological, gynecological, and diabetic diseases. The current work aims to review the scientifically validated ethno-medicinal usage, bioactivities and phytochemistry of RM, in order to provide data support for further investigations. Data were procured from PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubChem. The present study revealed that RM could be used to manage many diseases involved in public health problems, such as diabetes, hypertension, neurological disorders, infections, reproductive system disorders, and cancer. It might also replace chemical insecticides and fungicides since it exhibits antifungal, insecticidal, and larvicidal properties. RM extracts also contain mainly coumarins and alkaloids. The volatile oil of RM is characterized by an abundance of ketone compounds and 2-undecanone as major constituents. In the case of a high-dose administration, RM infusion can cause poisoning through the oral path. Thus, in-depth in vivo pharmacological studies and clinical trials are needed to transmute the traditional applications of RM into scientific-based information.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Ganoderma resinaceum (Boud) fruiting bodies extracts
Authors: Sipping Marius Trésor Kemegne , Mediesse Francine Kengne , Sombes Annette Yannuvie Natia , Mfopa Adamou , Boudjeko Thaddée
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Ganoderma resinaceum is used to treat oxidative and inflammatory-related diseases such as cardiovascular and liver diseases. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different extracts from G. resinaceum fruiting bodies. Methods: Aqueous crude (GRT), mycelial (MYC), exopolysaccharide (EPS I, EPS II) and water-soluble polysaccharide-rich (GRP I and GRP II) extracts of G. resinaceum were assessed for their free radical scavenging and metal chelating ions assays. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by stabilization of erythrocytes’ membranes and protein denaturation assays. For the in vivo study, paw oedema was induced by administration of κ-carrageenan (0.1 mL; 1%) to male Wistar rats aged 4 to 6 weeks. Animals were pre-treated with G. resinaceum extracts (125 mg/kg) and diclofenac sodium (20 mg/kg). Inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels were determined, and histological analysis of paw tissue was performed. Results: G. resinaceum polysaccharide-rich extracts (GRP I and GRP II) showed the best bioactivities. They scavenged DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ABTS (2,2-azino-bis-3- ethylbenzylthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, and NO (nitric oxide) radicals, and chelated ferrous ions, stabilized murine erythrocyte membranes, and inhibited protein denaturation. At 125 mg/kg, GRP I and GRP II restored the microarchitecture with a weak infiltration of immune cells in the subcutaneous tissues. Moreover, they decreased the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines growth colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferon gamma (IFNγ), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), chemokines (eotaxin, fractalkine) and increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-12p70). Conclusion: G. resinaceum polysaccharide extracts could be potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory agents.
Hematotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of long-term administration of Guiera senegalensis (J.F. Gme), Cassia occidentalis (Linn), and Ziziphus mauritiana (Lam) leaves obtained in Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
Authors: Yahaya Tajudeen O. , Oladele Esther O. , Bunza MDA , Yusuf Abdulrahman B. , Izuafa Abdulrazak , Danjuma Jamilu B. , Nnochiri Kelechi
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Previously, we established the phytochemical composition and short-term administration safety of Guiera senegalensis (sabara), Cassia occidentalis (coffee senna), and Ziziphus mauritiana (jujube) leaves, which are common medicinal plants in Northern Nigeria. In the current study, heavy metal contents and long-term administration effects of the plants’ leaf extracts on hematological parameters and the kidneys of albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were investigated. The heavy metals analyzed were copper, lead, cadmium, nickel, and manganese, while the hematological parameters evaluated were packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes. Methods: Twenty-four mixed-sex rats were distributed into four groups of six rats each. Group 1 was made the control, while groups 2, 3, and 4 were administered 1000 mg kg-1 one of the plants extracts for 90 days. Blood and kidney samples were collected across the groups for hematological and histopathological examinations. Results: The heavy metals were present in the extracts within the World Health Organization’s acceptable limits. The treated rats were anemic compared to the control. However, on average, only the C. occidentalis group showed significant differences (P<0.05) in hematological parameters. Unlike the control, the kidneys of the rats fed with Z. mauritiana and G. senegalensis showed vacuolation of cytoplasm and tubular degeneration, while the C. occidentalis-fed rats had inflammation and dilated Bowman’s capsules. Conclusion: These findings reveal that constant administration of high doses of the extracts for a long time may cause health hazards. People are advised to seek an expert’s advice before using the plants.
Bioassay standardization of drug dosage form prepared from hydroalcoholic extract of Dracocephalum kotschyi
Authors: Sadraei Hassan , Rasouli-Amirabadi Amir Hossein , Yekdaneh Afsaneh , Tavakoli Naser
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Zaringiah (Dracocephalum kotschyi) is a famous Iranian herbal plant with anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic activities. There is no standard drug dosage form for the D. kotschyi extract on the market. The objective of this project was to design a suitable oral dosage form for the hydroalcoholic extract of D. kotschyi. Methods: Standard granules were prepared using the moist granulation technique. Physical properties of the granules were determined before filling the capsule with fixed doses of the drug (25 mg and 50 mg). Syrup was prepared in sucrose solution at 5 mg/mL concentration. Bioactivity and phytochemical assays were used for dosage form stability and uniformity evaluations before and after 3- and 6- months incubation. Pharmacological bioassay method was designed to determine the bioactivity of the products before and after incubation. Pharmacological effects of the prepared capsule and syrup were determined on rat isolated ileum and intestinal meal transit, respectively. Results: In this study, D. kotschyi extract was effectively formulated as capsule and syrup for oral consumption. Environmental and aging factors had no significant effect on the total flavonoid or phenolic contents or bioactivity of the manufactured products. Furthermore, the ingredients used in the formulation had no effect on the bioactivity of the active substances in the extract. Conclusion: The standard oral dosage forms prepared from D. kotschyi extract can be used for clinical trials. In addition, we introduced a reliable bioassay technique, which might be applied for the evaluation of herbal medicines with antispasmodic activities.
KINERJA PEGAWAI BALAI BESAR PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS BEKASI DIPENGARUHI OLEH KOMPETENSI MELALUI MOTIVASI
Authors: S Eddy Sanusi
Published: August 2022

The goal of this study was to analyze and determine the positive and significant influence of competence on employee performance through motivation as an intervening variable. The subject of this research is all employees of Bekasi productivity improvement center by using a quantitative approach method. Meanwhile, to analyze the pattern of relationships between variables in this study, using path analysis with the aim of determine the direct or indirect effect of a set of independent variables on the dependent variable. The findings of the study indicate that competence has a direct impact on Bekasi productivity improvement center employee, as well as an indirect effect through motivation. The performance of the Bekasi Productivity Improvement Center is influenced by competence through motivation.
DIVERSIDAD ISOENZIMÁTICA EN POBLACIONES NATIVAS DE FRIJOL NEGRO
Authors: Avendaño-Arrazate Carlos H. , Ramírez-Vallejo Porfirio , Castillo-González Fernando , Chávez-Servia José Luis , Rincón-Enríquez Gabriel
Published: August 2022

La diversidad genética presente en poblaciones nativas de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) tipo negro de México, se evaluó en una muestra de 50 de poblaciones de frijol común provenientes de diferentes regiones geográficas, con 20 sistemas isoenzimáticos. Los extractos isoenzimáticos fueron obtenidos por maceración de radículas de cinco plántulas. Seis isoenzimas mostraron polimorfismo: Ácido shikímico deshidrogenasa (SAD) con dos loci; Diaforasa (DIA) con cinco loci; Enzima málica (ME) con dos loci; Esterasa (EST) con dos loci; Fosfohexosa isomerasa (PHI) con tres loci y Malato deshidrogenasa (MDH) con dos loci. De 16 loci en total, 11 resultaron polimórficos con un porcentaje de polimorfismo de 68.7 %. El grado de polimorfismo por locus varió de uno a seis y en promedio fue de tres alelos por locus. El análisis de conglomerados, con base en las distancias genéticas de Nei y el método de ligamiento promedio (UPGMA), mostró que las poblaciones del trópico y zona centro de México mostraron la mayor diversidad genética. Se logró establecer un patrón de distribución con base en alelos específicos, y dentro de cada grupo se observó una distribución continua de la diversidad. La técnica usada mostró la amplitud de la distribución de la diversidad genética existente en poblaciones nativas de frijol tipo negro en México, así como su utilidad para la caracterización de la diversidad genética en esta especie.
Yüksek Binaların Tahliye Etkinliğinin İncelenmesi: Gaziantep Ek Adliye Binası Örneği
Authors: TOPRAKLI Abdurrahman Yağmur , SATIR Muhsin Selçuk
Published: August 2022

Binaların tahliye analizinde en gerçekçi metot tahliye tatbikatlarıdır. Fakat bu metot özellikle yüksek kullanıcı yüküne sahip binalarda bazı fiziki riskler taşımaktadır. Gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte bilgisayar tabanlı benzetim çalışmaları, birçok alanda olduğu gibi tahliye analizlerinde de geniş yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu makalede, ön tanımlı metotla test edilmiş ve onaylanmış olan ve Türkiye İmar Yönetmeliğine göre yüksek yapı sınıfında bulunan Gaziantep Ek Adliye Binasının tahliye etkinliği incelenmiştir. Benzetim modelleri oluşturulurken kullanılan metotlardan ön tanımlı ve performans tabanlı metotları inceleyen bu çalışmada, Gaziantep Ek Adliye Binası, performans tabanlı modele göre ve uluslararası tanımlara göre, Pathfinder benzetim programıyla test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre binanın, National Fire Protection Association tarafından belirlenen kullanıcı yüküne göre 45 dk 35 sn’de, yazarlar tarafından binanın normal bir gündeki normal yüküne yönelik oluşturulan tahmini kullanıcı yüküne göre ise 18 dk 50 sn’de tahliye edildiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca yüksek binaların tasarımında etkin tahliyeye izin verecek tasarım detaylarından bahsedilmiştir.
AN OPPORTUNITY FOR TRANSFORMATIVE LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION THROUGH VIRTUAL TEACHING INNOVATION
Authors: Vaquero-Diego Maria , López-Vázquez Belén
Published: August 2022

The global pandemic caused by COVID-19 has affected higher education due to the reduction in attendance in classrooms. As a consequence, teaching methodologies have been adapted to hybrid classes where the virtual space has become the new communication place between teachers and students. From this perspective, virtual teaching has become an opportunity for teaching innovation in times of COVID-19. This article is a case study on teaching innovation applied to a degree subject through the Transformative Learning methodology, whose objective is to strengthen students' teamwork skills through a Service-Learning project with disabled children. Once the project was finished, the students expressed their level of satisfaction with this project, reinforcing these skills through a project in the community.
MENGUNGKAP STRATEGI PENERAPAN DIGITAL MARKETING DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN UMKM PRODUK KULINER DI MAKASSAR
Authors:   Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus, Paranoan Natalia , Palalangan Carolus Askikarno ,   Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus, Sau Matius ,   Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus
Published: August 2022

Teknologi berkembang semakin pesat dengan adanya pemanfaatan internet dan juga media digital. Teknologi dan media digital menjadi salah satu komponen penting bagi para pelaku usaha dalam memasarkan produknya secara online karena dinilai lebih menguntungkan dapat menjangkau calon konsumen/pelanggan potensial dalam cakupan yang luas tanpa batasan ruang dan waktu dengan biaya pemasaran yang lebih murah dibandingkan dengan pemasaran secara offline. Terlebih lagi di situasi COVID-19 saat ini, pemasaran online dianggap sebagai salah satu cara bagi para pelaku usaha agar dapat mempertahankan usaha ataupun jasa yang mereka pasarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap strategi penerapan digital marketing dalam peningkatan pendapatan UMKM Produk Kuliner di Makassar. Penelitian mengenai strategi penerapan digital marketing pada UMKM yang diajarkan dalam salah satu mata kuliah yang ditawarkan pada program MBKM akan mampu menyelesaikan permasalahaan yang terkait dengan Rencana Strategis (RENSTRA) Penelitian UKI Paulus pada tema Penegakan Hukum, Otonomi Daerah Dan Desentralisasi (Law Enforcement, Regional Autonomy And Decentralization) dengan focus pada Sosial Humaniora, Seni Budaya, Pendidikan Penelitian Lapangan Dalam Negeri (Kecil). Penelitian akan dilaksanakan kurang lebih 1 bulan, di mana penelitian akan dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dan dianalisis dengan metode Miles dan Huberman yaitu: pengumpulan data (collecting data), reduksi data (data reduction), penyajian data (data display), dan penarikan kesimpulan (verification). Data yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi, dengan cara mengorganisasikan data ke dalam kategori, menjabarkan ke dalam unit-unit, melakukan sintesa, menyusun ke dalam pola, memilih mana yang penting dan yang akan dipelajari, dan membuat kesimpulan sehingga mudah dipahami. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi di mana peneliti terlibat langsung dengan aktifitas informan sehari-hari agar diperoleh data yang valid. Hasil yang akan dicapai yaitu menemukan strategi penerapan digital marketing dalam peningkatan pendapatan UMKM produk Kuliner di Makassar dan juga memberi manfaat bagi program MBKM sebagai penerapan penelitian kewirausahaan dalam masyarakat.
PENGARUH TANGGUNG JAWAB LINGKUNGAN, PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors:   Universitas Tadulako, Totanan Chalarce , Mapparessa Nurlaela ,   Universitas Tadulako, Muliati Muliati ,   Universitas Tadulako, Mile Yuldi ,   Universitas Tadulako
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menemukan pengaruh tanggung jawab lingkungan, profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan, dan leverage terhadap pengungkapan corporate social responsibilty. Populasi penelitian adalah perusahaan-perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2016-2018. 39 perusahaan sebagai sampel ditentukan dengan purposive dalam 3 tahun pengamatan sehingga total data observasi adalah 117 data. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda dengan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel tanggung jawab lingkungan, profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pengungkapan corporate social responsibility, sedangkan variabel leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan corporate social responsibility.
Biased Studies and Sampling from LGBTQ Communities Created a Next-Level Social Stigma in Monkeypox: A Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
Authors: K. Singla Rajeev , Singla Shailja , Shen Bairong
Published: August 2022

Since 2020, we are witnessing a COVID-19 pandemic that has ruled out all other pandemics ever happened in our history. Countries are still not be able to manage the COVID-19 threat properly, and while we are still dealing with it, here comes another deadlyinfectious disease, monkeypox. Rapid circulation of monkeypox infections worldwide has forced the WHO to declared it as PHEIC. As per the current reports available on WHO, though the monkeypox is alarmingly spreading, but this threat seems to be quite manageable if dealt properly with smallpox vaccine and other antibiotic regimens in proper place. Key challenge now is actually how to control misinformation and misleading news that flooded the social media and news outlets. We have gathered studies available on the PubMed search engine since the starting of 2022, and also collected relevant information from WHO and other reliable news sources. As on 27.07.2022, WHO reported 19,178 laboratory confirmed cases, and out of these, on the white paper, only for 31.8% cases, there was recorded information about the sexual orientation. But if we look at the scientific publications and social media, it is only men having sex with men (MSM) who are the main victims and having monkeypox infections. Same message is being circulated to the common public through such channels. It is thus becoming responsibility of WHO, government and public health agencies to properly guide the public and aware them about the misleading information. Further, the presence of monkeypox DNA in the urine and feces have again showcased the role of wastewater management and proper surveillance.©2022iGlobal Research and PublishingFoundation. All rights reserved.
Comunicación entre personas afectadas por COVID-19 persistente con muy buenos resultados en la visibilidad de la nueva enfermedad
Authors: Morales Lorente Sonia , Crespo Delphine
Published: August 2022

La COVID-19 persistente es una enfermedad aún muy desconocida. Sólo cuando la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) la define a finales del año 2021, es cuando empieza a tener entidad propia. Sin embargo, desde mayo de 2020, se empezaron a crear colectivos de afectados por esta nueva patología buscando explicaciones a sus síntomas persistentes. Iniciaron una colaboración con la Sociedad Española de Médicos Generales y de Familia (SEMG) para crear material didáctico y participar en una encuesta a nivel nacional. El reconocimiento de la COVID-19 persistente empezó a llegar por la exposición mediática de los propios afectados y el eco que se generó en las redes sociales, incrementando el impacto de las noticias hasta llegar a un mayor número de actores sociales. Los medios de comunicación fueron una herramienta fundamental que sirvió de altavoz a los pacientes para llegar a la comunidad médica, científica, y a la sociedad en general, para luchar por el reconocimiento, la investigación y el correcto tratamiento de su enfermedad.
Manajemen Perencanaan, Pengadaan, dan Pengendalian Obat di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit
Authors: Polii Stacey , Posangi Jimmy , Manampiring Aaltje Ellen
Published: August 2022

Background: Several hospitals in Indonesia have shown drug vacancies, drug delays, and minimal budgets in drug procurement. The availability of drugs is also influenced by the value of the hospital BOR which fell during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of Permenkes No. 72 of 2016 on the management of planning, procurement, and control of drugs at the pharmacy installation of the GMIM Pancaran Kasih General Hospital, Manado. Methode: This a qualitative research. The research was carried out on March-July 2020. The research location is at the pharmacy installation of the GMIM Pancaran Kasih General Hospital, Manado. This study took 5 informants. Data analysis used content analysis from in-depth interviews, direct observation of documents and comparing with theories in the literature. This study uses validation with source triangulation techniques and methods. Result: The results showed that the planning, procurement and control of drugs at the General Hospital of GMIM Pancaran Kasih is in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 72 of 2016 concerning Pharmaceutical Service Standards in Hospitals. It was also found that the e-purchasing system as a whole did not work well because the facilities and infrastructure were inadequate. Conclusion: That can be concluded that the implementation of Minister of Health Regulation No. 72 of 2016 on the management of planning, procurement, and control of drugs at the pharmacy installation of the General Hospital GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado has been going well. However, it is necessary to add human resources in the pharmaceutical field.
A RARE CASE OF CONCOMITANT ABDUCENS AND CONTRALATERAL LOWER MOTOR NEURON FACIAL NERVE PALSIES FOLLOWING BLUNT HEAD TRAUMA ASSOCIATED WITH TEMPORAL BONE FRACTURE
Authors: Hegde Rajarathna , Shinde Chhaya , Shetty Sandeeta
Published: August 2022

This case report describes a case of concomitant abducens and contralateral lower motor neuron facial nerve palsies following blunt head trauma
associated with left temporal bone fracture. A 11year old boy was brought to the emergency department with alleged history of fall from swing set.
Detailed ocular examination and assessment of function of all the twelve cranial nerves of the patient revealed left oculomotor nerve paresis, left
abducens nerve palsy and right sided lower motor neuron (LMN) facial nerve palsy. The patient was run through various neuroimaging
investigations which showed longitudinal fracture of the left temporal bone. The patient was treated aggressively with systemic and oral steroids.
On discharge, the left oculomotor nerve paresis had healed completely with no improvement in the other two affected cranial nerves. During one
month follow up, the abducens and facial nerve palsies still persisted.
ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA IN TRIBAL COMMUNITY OF MEGHALAYA, INDIA - A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Mohan Anil , Deb Santanu , Gogoi Palash Ranjan , Paul Prasenjit , Yesmin Sabrina , Sangla Lima , Paharia Pramod , Krishnan Anamika
Published: August 2022

Objective: To identify the etiological factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in tribal population of Meghalaya, India.
Design: Cross sectional study.
Setting: Neonatal intensive care unit under (level II NICU) Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology of Nazareth Hospital, Meghalaya, India.
Participants: Neonates of Khasi, Jaintia and Garo tribes with neonatal jaundice admitted in NICU of Nazareth Hospital, Meghalaya, India.
Main Outcome Measures: Demographic variables of the study population, Mean TSB values of various etiological factors, Effect of various
etiological factors in early onset neonatal jaundice, Nature and duration of interventions needed for the neonates studied.
Results: In 58.9% of the 409 neonates studied, no cause could be assigned for the development of jaundice. Of the remaining, 19.8% was attributed
to low birth weight whereas 19% had ABO incompatibility and 10.8% were premature. 9.3% had sepsis, 8.5% had G6PD deciency while 3.2%
were born to mothers with diabetes mellitus. Rh incompatibility was the causative factor in 1.7%. In 1.7%, pre-lacteal feed was associated with
jaundice. In 62.3% of cases delayed cord clamping was found to be associated.
Conclusions: Total serum bilirubin tends to be higher in female neonates, of term gestation, with birth weight 2500 g or above and with ABO
incompatibility. Delayed initiation of breast feeding, those with positive history of neonatal jaundice in older siblings and those with proven
neonatal sepsis were also found to have higher levels of bilirubin. Neonates who were given pre-lacteals and those born to diabetic mothers show
lower mean total serum bilirubin levels. Most neonates who developed jaundice within 24 hours of life (early onset jaundice) had ABO
incompatibility.
A BRIEF REVIEW OF DIAGNOSIS OF PANCREATIC DUCTAL LEAK AND DISCONNECTED PANCREATIC DUCT SYNDROME
Authors: Sharan Kshitiz
Published: August 2022

Pancreas is injured by a variety of insults. The response of pancreas to injury is more or less same. However damage to pancreas may lead to a
predominant parenchymal injury or predominant ductal injury or a mix pattern. The majority of focus when a patient presents with pancreatitis is on
SIRS and collections that develop as a result of pancreatits.This is important also as these can cause death of the patient.However the damage to
pancreatic duct and subsequent complications require a multi-disciplinary approach for management. Often the diagnosis is delayed. This brief
review presents the various modalities used for this diagnosis.
“EVALUATION OF HYPERGLYCEMIA INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN TYPE-2 DIABETIC PATIENT”
Authors: Hasan Amir Ameerul , Iqubal Faisal , Rathor Savita , Nasir Afreena
Published: August 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the main chronic health conditions of the 21st century. The diabetes prevalence is rising worldwide due to growth in population, aging, urbanization, and the obesity increase due to physical inactivity. DM is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and insulin action or both. Prediabetes or impaired glucose in fasting is halfway between normal glucose levels and diabetes diagnostic levels. Aims and objectives: To evaluate the hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress status in diabetes mellitus type-2. Methods: The prospective case-control study was conducted at the Index medical college, Malwanchal University, Indore, M.P. on 400 patients of Type 2 DM attending OPD who were 30- 70 years of age. Patients with chronic diseases like Chronic Kidney Disease, COPD, cancer, Metabolic disorders like Hypothyroidism, Infectious diseases like TB, HIV, Hepatitis, Pregnant and breast feeding women, etc, were excluded from the study. Results: 64.0% were male and the rest were female studied patients. 29.3% of cases were having a family history of diabetes and 16.3% of cases were parental and statistically insignicant distribution in both groups (P>0.05). The duration of diabetes was 13.94±5.45 years and 89.7% of cases were uncontrolled diabetes, of which 59.7% cases were on the oral glycaemic drug and the rests were on insulin treatment. The blood sugar level (fasting, post- prandial, and HbA1c) were signicantly higher in the case group in comparison to the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, the levels of oxidative stress were higher in T2DM individuals compared to controls. These ndings demonstrate a signicant relationship between acute glucose swings and activation of oxidative stress.
ANTEROLATERAL THIGH FLAP IN RECONSTRUCTION OF COMPOSITE FACIAL DEFECTS
Authors: Chakraborty Somangshu , Banerjee Rajarshi
Published: August 2022

The anterolateral thigh myocutaneous ap is one of the most commonly used aps for reconstructive procedures in maxillofacial surgery. First
described by Song et al. in 1984 this soft tissue ap can be easily obtained providing good amount of muscle for lling dead space and fascia lata.
This viable ap can be prepared into a separate fat ap, multi-island fascia with iliac bone or other composite pedicle aps to serve to requirements
of various head and neck defects. The varying subcutaneous fat thickness and skin can repair defects seeking different ap thickness.
Reconstruction of composite oral and maxillofacial defects is challenging. It pivots around evaluating the defect in all dimensions and lling it with
a versatile ap. The paper discusses the basic characteristics of anterolateral thigh ap along with its multi-faceted application in reconstructing
types of composite maxillofacial defects.
HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSIES OF PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN IN ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING -A STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Singh Niyanta , Mathew Shikha , Diwan Rishi , Sharma Richa , Rathore Renu
Published: August 2022

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the common complaints in women in perimenopausal age group. Endometrial sampling
is needed to investigate the cause of AUB.
Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the causes of AUB in perimenopausal age group and endometrial sampling by dilatation and curettage
to identify various endometrial pathological patterns.
Study Design: A type of prospective observational study conducted in department of pathology JMC Jhalawar.
Materials And Methods: This study was done at the Department of Pathology, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar during the period of one year
from October 2020 to October 2021. Perimenopausal women (41-50 yrs.) with AUB who underwent dilatation and curettage were included in the study.
Result: The commonest histopathological nding was secretory endometrium (38.33%) followed by proliferative endometrium (27.5%),
hormonal imbalance (9.16%), simple hyperplasia without atypia (6.66%), disordered proliferative endometrium (5.83%) product of gestation
(3.33%), menstrual endometrium (2.5%), chronic endometritis (1.66%) and endometrial polyp (0.83%). Endometrial carcinoma was diagnosed in
4 patients (3.33%).
Conclusion: Endometrial causes of AUB evaluated by histopathological examination of curettings revealed that proliferative and secretory
endometrium was the commonest diagnosis followed by hormonal imbalance.
STUDY OF LAPAROSCOPIC VENTRAL HERNIA REPAIR IN A SINGLE INSTITUTIONAL SETUP
Authors: Jeughale Kishor , Kumar Gorle Suresh
Published: August 2022

Objective: Incidence of Ventral hernias or anterior abdominal wall hernias is about 2-13% worldwide. Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR)
technique has proven to be effective treatment option with reduced complications. This study aims to assess the feasibility and outcome of LVHR in
a government set up. A prospective observational study of patients of a single government institution was conducted. Surgical technique,Methods:
Long- term outcomes such as pain, mesh infections, bowel adhesions, recurrence and feasibility were assessed. Mean age of studyResults:
patients was 44.45 years, with highest incidence (33.33%) in the age group of (31-40) years. Male: Female ratio was 1: 2.529. Obesity accounted
for predominant risk factor (15 %). Around (31.67 %) patients had other co morbidities like diabetes, hypertension, obesity, COPD and pulmonary
tuberculosis. Incision hernia accounted for (50 %). Remaining (50 %) include the epigastria hernia, umbilical hernia, traumatic hernia and
spigelian hernia. 44(73.34%) patients had defect size between (2-5) cm, 11(18.33%) patients between (5-10) cm and 5(8.33%) patients less than 2
cm. Mean defect size was 3.51 cm. 54 patients (90 %) having defect size more than 2 cm were operated by laparoscopic Intra peritoneal on lay mesh
repair. 6 (10%) patients having defect size less than 2 cm operated by Laparoscopic fascial closure by intracorporeal suturing. Mean surgical time
was 55.17 minutes. (Range 40 - 110 minutes). Mean postoperative hospital stay was 2.25 days. 65% of patients got discharged after 2 days. Total 8
(13.33%) patients developed complications which were managed conservatively. 1 (1.67%) patient developed recurrence. There were no mortality
and minimum morbidity observed. Although we cannot conclude regarding cost factor, we can vouch that all patients with anyConclusion:
primary ventral hernia should have the repair performed by the laparoscopically if technically feasible. Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair is
feasible, effective and can be performed as short stay surgery even in government set up.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Part II—Cost of Care Among Patients in Advanced Phases or Later Lines of Therapy in Chronic Phase in the United States from a Commercial Perspective
Authors: Atallah Ehab L. , Maegawa Rodrigo , Latremouille-Viau Dominick , Rossi Carmine , Guérin Annie
Published: August 2022

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the standard-of-care treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). Despite advances in therapy, there remains a proportion of patients with CML-CP that are refractory/intolerant to TKIs, and these patients cycle through multiple lines of therapy. Moreover, even with TKIs, some patients progress to accelerated phase/blast crisis (AP/BC), which is associated with particularly poor clinical outcomes.

Objectives: To describe real-world treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization (HRU), and costs of patients with CML-CP reaching later lines of therapy or progressing to AP/BC in the United States.

Methods: Adult CML patients from administrative claims data (January 1, 2000–June 30, 2019) were classified by health state: on third-line (CML-CP On Treatment), on fourth or later lines (CML-CP Post-Discontinuation), or progressed to AP/BC (CML-AP/BC). Outcomes were assessed by health state.

Results: There were 296 (4620 patient-months), 83 (1644 patient-months), and 949 (25 593 patient-months) patients classified in the CML-CP On Treatment, CML-CP Post-Discontinuation, and CML-AP/BC cohorts, respectively. Second-generation TKIs (nilotinib, dasatinib, and bosutinib) were most commonly used in the CML-CP On Treatment (69.1% of patient-months) and CML-CP Post-Discontinuation cohorts (59.1% of patient-months). Three-month outpatient incidence rates (IRs) were 7.6, 8.3, and 7.0 visits in the CML-CP On Treatment, CML-CP Post-Discontinuation, and CML-AP/BC cohort, respectively, with mean costs of $597 per service. Three-month inpatient IRs were 0.6, 0.7, and 1.4 days in the CML-CP On Treatment, CML-CP Post-Discontinuation, and CML-AP/BC cohort, respectively, with mean costs of $5892 per day. Mean hematopoietic stem cell transplantation cost was $352 333; mean 3-month terminal care cost was $107 013.

Discussion: Cost of CML care is substantial among patients with CML reaching third-line, fourth or later lines, or progressing to AP/BC, suggesting that the disease is associated with a significant economic and clinical burden. From third-line to fourth or later lines, HRU was observed to increase, and the incidence of inpatient days was particularly high for those who progressed to AP/BC.

Conclusion: In this study, patients with CML cycling through TKIs in later lines of therapy or progressing to AP/BC experienced substantial HRU and costs, suggesting unmet treatment needs.
The State of Practice in Community Impact Assessment
Authors:   University of California, Davis, Barajas Jesus , Braun Lindsay ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Merck Amanda ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Dean Bob ,   Center for Neighborhood Technology, Esling Paul ,   Center for Neighborhood Technology, Persaud Heidy ,   Center for Neighborhood Technology
Published: August 2022

The objective of this research was to provide recommendations to the Illinois Department of Transportation for updating and revising the “Community Impact Assessment Manual” in accordance with the latest research and practice. The guide incorporated findings from a literature review, a scan of state department of transportation (DOT) community impact assessment (CIA) guidance and manuals, a survey of practitioners from state DOTs involved in CIA, and a series of interviews with those same practitioners to recommend process updates. According to the Federal Highway Administration, community impact assessment can be defined as “an iterative process to evaluate the effects of a transportation action on a community and its quality of life,” which includes elements of health, safety, air quality, connectivity and access, and equity. Six states had publicly available CIA guidance. While all manuals provided basic guidance, some were more detailed in prescribing analytical methods for different types of impacts or provided more structure for conducting the analysis, such as report templates, technical memos, interactive screening tools, field visit checklists, and community context audit forms. According to surveys and interviews with state DOT practitioners, DOTs varied in how or whether they conducted CIA, whether they screened for the need for CIA in advance of conducting it, and what factors they consider when conducting them. A few DOTs had innovative practices with respect to CIA, such as mapping tools, an equity and health assessment, and robust community engagement. The CIA guidance produced as a component to this project constitutes the state of the art in practice, including quantitative and qualitative analytical methods for screening and methods for conducting and documenting CIA. The guidance also emphasizes equity in the assessment process.
ACCEPTABILITY OF MOTION GRAPHIC ANIMATION
Authors: Junesolfelia Macapugay Curada
Published: August 2022

Educators contribute in the academic growth of the learners. They serve as the light house of the education system. Teachers create, develop and utilize appropriate tools and strategies to make learning possible and ensure a quality education. The teachers also facilitate and adapt positively in every changes they may encounter.
As the technology inevitably change and develop, the learners also do. Teachers are continually adapting to this rapid change that learners are experiencing. A question on how they will provide effective and quality education are always a priority. As cited by Amali (2020) lack of students’ interest and attention to learn influence their learning process inside the classroom. Teachers who are used to apply traditional teaching found out that students are bored and uninterested especially those who belong to the low performing learners of the class (Ran, 2021).There are also several studies showing that the use of technology as an intervention in mathematics influences students’ outcomes, motivation to learn, and attitude about learning (Higgins, 2017). In the teaching learning process, the teacher can use or create various techniques and materials for the different learners. But the use of appropriate, reliable and valid materials is a must.
In order to find the answers on how valid a video lesson is in teaching mathematics, the researcher comes up with the research study to develop and validate a video lesson in mathematics to provide a more motivating, interesting and informative MELC- based video lesson for the learners.
Rancangan Sumur Resapan Untuk Konservasi Mata Air di Desa Dlingo, Kecamatan Mojosongo, Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Muhammad Ario Baskoro  , Yogafanny Ekha , Widiarti Ika Wahyuning
Published: August 2022

The need of clean water continues to increase as the population increases. This shows that it is necessary to take conservation actions and resource management actions so the water source existence and capabilities can be maintained properly. This study aims to determine the design of infiltration wells that can be applied to maintain the spring quantity and sustainability that exists in Dlingo Village, Mojosongo District, Boyolali Regency so that they are available to meet domestic needs, both at the present and in the future. The methods that used in this research are including mathematical methods, descriptive analysis methods, and spatial analysis methods. This research was carried out through several activities including surveis, topographic and slope mapping, groundwater flow direction mapping, rainfall measurement, runoff discharge calculation, and making the design of infiltration well. Based on the calculation results, it is necessary to install infiltration wells with a volume of 2.2608 m3 with total of 150 wells in the study area. It is estimated that the presence of these infiltration wells can increase water infiltration by 0.33912 m3 when the rain comes.
Da reprodução social da unidade familiar camponesa: um estudo de caso no vale do Tocantins
Authors: Ramos Júnior Dernival Venâncio , Silva Harley
Published: August 2022

Este artigo discute os resultados de pesquisa empírica sobre uma unidade familiar camponesa localizada no norte do estado do Tocantins. O trabalho situa essa unidade familiar no contexto das regiões de expansão da produção de soja em monocultura, além de enfatizar de que maneira a reprodução social do grupo decorre de sua capacidade de mobilizar os recursos naturais renováveis disponíveis na área, bem como dos resultados do trabalho do grupo familiar. O grupo familiar constrói relações econômicas diversas, ligadas às trocas de mercado, assim como a outras formas de integração econômica fundadas em relações de domesticidade e reciprocidade (POLANYI, 2012). O texto destaca a capacidade que o grupo tem de fazer uso de técnicas de produção e reprodução simultaneamente singelas e sofisticadas, como o cultivo de quintais produtivos com notável biodiversidade, as quais, em conjunto, asseguram a sua permanência mesmo diante das condições de dificuldade.elocation-id: e2230202Recebido: 7.dez.2021   •   Aceito: 19.jul.2022   •   Publicado: 4.ago.2022Artigo original  /  Revisão por pares cega  /  Acesso aberto
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB KESULITAN BELAJAR PPKn DI SD
Authors: Nur Aisah Riska , Masfuah Siti , Shokib Rondli Wawan
Published: August 2022

This study aims to explain the types of PPKn learning difficulties and the factors that cause learning difficulties experienced by fourth grade students at SDN Klakahkasih. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. The subjects in this study were fourth grade teachers, parents, and fourth grade students who were identified as having PPKn learning difficulties. Data collection techniques used in this study are observation, interviews, documentation and field notes. Data analysis techniques used in this study are data reduction, data presentation, and verification/conclusion. The results showed that 1) learning difficulties experienced by fourth grade students at SDN Klakahkasihan were difficulties in understanding the concept of Civics, difficulties in understanding teacher explanations, difficulties in understanding the meaning of the questions and difficulties in applying positive attitudes towards Pancasila values ​​in everyday life. 2) the factors that cause learning difficulties in Civics consist of internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include illness, low intelligence, student interest in Civics learning is still low, and student motivation in Civics learning tends to be low. While external factors include school environmental factors, namely the use of Civics learning media which is less innovative and variations of teaching teachers tend to use conventional methods, family environmental factors are parents pay less attention to student learning activities, activities in society, namely students have too many activities so that student learning activities become neglected, as well as mass media factors, namely the influence of the use of gadgets and TV.
Pengamatan Pelaksanaan Pekerjaan Plat pada Jembatan Rumah Susun Padat Karya
Authors: Hatoguan Manurung Edison , Ricardo Julius
Published: August 2022

Pemahaman di dalam penelitian ini sangat di perlukan bagi lulusan teknik sipil, agar dapat mengetahui serta dapat membandingkan teori – teori dibangku kuliah dengan di lapangan. Selain itu juga dapat berguna bagi mahasiswa yang akan menghadapi situasi yang akan datang di kemudian hari. Oleh karena itu, Dinas Perumahan Rakyat dan Kawasan Pemukiman (DPR KP) sebagai Owner, PT. Fajar Nusa Consultant sebagai Manajemen, dan PT. Wijaya Karya Gedung sebagai Kontraktor, dengan keadaan di lapangan untuk memantapkan dan menambah pemahaman mahasiswa dalam bidang Teknik Sipil terutama bagian Jembatan di proyek pembangunan Rumah Susun Padat Karya Rorotan, Cilincing, Jakarta Utara. Penulis diberikan kesempatan untuk melakukan penelitian di proyek pembangunan Jembatan di Rumah Susun Padat Karya selama 3 (Tiga) Bulan terhitung dari tanggal 11 – Oktober – 2021 sampai dengan 11 -  Januari - 2022. dan bertempat di Proyek Pembangunan Jembatan di Rumah Susun Padat Karya, Rorotan, Cilincing. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini  adalah  kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan  data tertentu dan observasi  langsung di lapangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah
Eye Localisation using Cascaded U-Net for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Rahmany Ines , Brahmi Sabrine , Khlifa Nawres
Published: August 2022

Many computer vision applications Computer Aided Diagnosis require an accurate and efficient eye detector. We represent, in this work, an efficient approach for determining the position of the eye in images presenting faces. First, a series of candidate regions are proposed; next, a set of cascaded U-net is used to detect the eye regions; then edge detection methods are used to detect eyes lids and iris boundary and thus helping determining the gaze direction of person having ASD. Our proposed approach achieved a precision of detection that is better than the current most recent methods in trials utilizing GI4E, BioID, and columbiaGaze datasets. The proposed approach is robust to picture alterations, such as changes in external illumination, facial occlusion, and image modality.
Agenda 2030 en México. Pandemia de COVID-19 asevera desigualdades de género
Authors: Boeff Débora Fabiana
Published: August 2022

Conocer las afectaciones de la pandemia del COVID-19 para las mujeres permite comprender el alcance que cobra este fenómeno en el proceso de jerarquización social de los géneros. Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la aseveración de las desigualdades de género en México a causa de la pandemia y su impacto para el cumplimiento del Objetivo Cinco de la Agenda 2030 de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas. Mediante una exploración estadística y documental y un método descriptivo-argumentativo, se argumenta sobre el retroceso de México para atender a dicho objetivo al evidenciar el empeoramiento del problema histórico-cultural de inequidad de género.