bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Concept of “Book” in Dostoevsky’s Novel The Idiot
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Corbella Caterina
Published: December 2023

The article is intended as part of the project “The Role and the Image of Books in F.M. Dostoevsky’s novel The Idiot.” Rather than analyzing a particular book, the author focuses on the concept of “book” itself in the novel: where and how it appears and the connections it creates in the text, leading the reader to understand the meanings that Dostoevsky wanted to communicate through it. First of all, the article analyses the presence of books as concrete objects in the novel and shows how the author constantly underlines their quality of being a repository. Further on, the author demonstrates how the level of obrazovanie (eng. “formation” or “education,” etymologically from the word obraz, eng. “image”) in the novel is connected to the quantity of read books and the quality of the reading processes. This connection is different for all characters and discloses its profound meaning in the history of Rogozhin, bezobraznyi (eng. “ugly,” literally “without image”) who needs to obrazovat’sia (eng. “receive formation / education,” same root word). Delving deeper into the theme of reading and understanding books, it is shown how it connects and opposes the two main female protagonists: Nastasya Filippovna and Aglaya. It is disclosed how in the novel the possibility of a correct interpretation depends on whether the book is read to the end: this fact throws a new light on both the contents of Ippolit’s “Explanation” and the central role of the Apocalypse in the novel. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the role of Cervantes’ Don Quixote in Dostoevsky’s novel as a complex subtext operating at different levels in different characters, thus identifying possible directions for further research.
Mediación pedagógica de la circunferencia mediante el uso de vídeos didácticos.
Authors: Murillo Pérez Julio César , Chacón Fonseca María Alejandra
Published: December 2023

Se presentan resultados de la investigación cualitativa sobre como mediar pedagógicamente, mediante vídeos educativos, las habilidades específicas del tema de circunferencia, para estudiantes del Módulo 75 de la modalidad de Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos. La investigación proyectiva propuso la creación de ocho videos educativos que ofrecieron la oportunidad de utilizar la estrategia metodológica de “clase invertida” recomendada por el autor para mediar el tema de circunferencia, ya que permitió repasar conocimientos previos en conjunto con los nuevos, orientar al estudiante sobre los objetivos que persigue el mediador y aprovechar la presentación simultánea de representaciones verbal, gráfica y algebraica con el objetivo de potenciar el aprendizaje, aumentar la participación de los estudiantes y su intención de formular soluciones a los problemas y ejercicios propuestos, disminuyendo el tiempo necesario para mediar el tema y propiciando de forma natural un ambiente favorable para implementar seguidamente el método de resolución de problemas
Conocimientos didácticos y estadísticos de un grupo de docentes de II ciclo de Educación Primaria en Costa Rica
Authors: Alfaro Arce Ana Lucía , Morales Reyes José Luis
Published: December 2023

Se reportan los conocimientos didácticos y disciplinares que evidencia un grupo de docentes de educación primaria al enfrentarse a la resolución de una tarea del área de estadística del II ciclo de los programas de estudio del Ministerio de Educación Pública de Costa Rica. La investigación se fundamentó con las facetas: cognitivas, mediacional, ecológica, epistémica, interaccional y emocional, de la idoneidad didáctica del Enfoque Ontosemiótico y siguió un enfoque exploratorio y mixto, a través del análisis de las respuestas dadas por 17 docentes de escuelas públicas y privadas. Los resultados muestran que el profesorado no logró movilizar, ni identificar los conocimientos, habilidades y propiedades que deben poner en juego para dar una solución correcta a la situación planteada y se evidencia la necesidad de un marco específico de cualificaciones que oriente los conocimientos matemáticos mínimos que se requieren en la formación inicial de los docentes de I y II ciclo de la Educación General Básica
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) BERBANTUAN MEDIA VIDEO TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA DI SMP NEGERI 2 KANATANG
Authors: Saingo Lidia - , Bano Vidriana Oktoviana , Ndjoeroemana Yohana
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuiÂ  pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) berbantuan media video terhadapÂ  hasil belajarÂ  siswaÂ  padaÂ  sistem pencernaan pada munanusiaÂ  kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Kanatang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Dalam hal ini penelitian memilih nonequivalent control grup desain. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu 26 siswa kelas VIIIC sebagai kelas kontrol dan 26 siswa kelas VIIIB sebagai kelas eksperimen. Teknik pengambilan samplingÂ  yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling. PenelitianÂ  ini dilakukan di SMPN 2 Kanatang, semester genap, T.A 2022/2023. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes tertulis sebanyak 15 soal pretest dan 20 soal postest berbentuk pilihan ganda. Data penelitian ini dianalisis dengan uji statistik, yaituÂ  uji validitas dan uji reabilitas, normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji t (paired sampel t test) menggunakan SPSS versi 22. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh data rata-rata nilai postest kelas siswa kelas eksperimen yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) berbantuan media video adalah 79,73 lebih tinggi dari kelas yang diajar dengan menggunakan metode ceramah sebesar 68,58. Hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan uji paired sampel t test diperoleh hasil sig (2- tailed) < 0,05 (0,000 < 0,05). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair ShareÂ  (TPS) berbantuan media video terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem pencernaan pada manusia kelas VIII di SMP N 2 Kanatang.
Avaliação do programa de pedagogia geral no primeiro ano do curso de ensino primário do instituto superior de ciências da educação de Cabinda, Angola
Authors: Púcuta Marcos João Púcuta , Luemba Bonifácio dos Santos
Published: December 2023

Este artigo refere-se sobre avaliação do Programa de Pedagogia Geral no I Ano do Curso de Ensino Primário do Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educacao de Cabinda. A situação problemática identificada ao longo da pesquisa orginou ao seguinte problema de investigação: Como avaliar o Programa de Pedagogia Geral no I Ano do Curso de Ensino Primário do ISCED de Cabinda? Com a finalidade de contribuir na resolução deste problema, formulou-se o seguinte objetivo Geral: propor um modelo de avaliação do Programa de Pedagogia Geral no I ano do Curso supracitado, que contribua na sua melhoria. Os métodos usados nesta pesquisa foram: de nível teórico, empírico e matemático. A técnica utilizada como instrumento da recolha de dados foi o questionário; este, permitiu-nos identificar e analisar os seguintes aspetos: atualização e avaliação de Programa de Pedagogia Geral; utilização de um modelo para sua avaliação; metodologia utilizada na elaboração dos programas curriculares. Entretanto, o ISCED de Cabinda-Angola precisa assumir um modelo de avaliação do programa dessa disciplina, a fim de contribuir na melhoria da disciplina de Pedagogia Geral.
Rol de la psicoeducación en la prevención y abordaje de la violencia escolar en el estado Monagas: un enfoque interdisciplinario
Authors: González Trino Javier Gascón
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el rol de la psicoeducación en la prevención y abordaje de la violencia escolar en el estado Monagas, Venezuela, desde un enfoque interdisciplinario. La violencia escolar es un problema social y educativo que afecta a estudiantes, docentes y padres de familia. La psicoeducación se ha propuesto como una herramienta útil para prevenir y abordar este fenómeno. Se revisó la literatura científica sobre el tema y se analizó cómo la psicoeducación puede contribuir a desarrollar habilidades socioemocionales en los estudiantes, promover relaciones saludables y prevenir situaciones de violencia escolar. La psicoeducación se considera un recurso útil en la prevención y abordaje de la violencia escolar en el estado Monagas, desde un enfoque interdisciplinario. Los programas interdisciplinarios de prevención de la violencia escolar son más exitosos cuando se integran aspectos cognitivos y conductuales, incluyendo el desarrollo de habilidades sociales, el fomento de valores positivos y el fortalecimiento de la resiliencia en los estudiantes. Es importante involucrar a toda la comunidad educativa en este proceso, incluyendo a docentes, padres de familia y autoridades educativas. Se destaca que es necesario seguir investigando sobre cómo mejorar las estrategias para prevenir y abordar la violencia escolar desde un enfoque interdisciplinario que involucre a toda la comunidad educativa.
Modificação de hábitos linguísticos de professores por estímulos positivos: um estudo exploratório
Authors: Girão Nathaly dos Santos , Albuquerque Kélvia Canuto Martins de , Camelo Lianna Silva
Published: December 2023

Este artigo apresenta um estudo que investigou a modificação dos hábitos linguísticos de professores por meio de intervenções com estímulos positivos em um experimento adaptado dos princípios do behaviorismo. O objetivo principal foi explorar a eficácia dessas intervenções na transformação dos comportamentos linguísticos dos professores e sua influência no ambiente escolar e saúde emocional. Sete professores voluntários de uma escola municipal em Fortaleza participaram do experimento. O estudo envolveu a elaboração de frases, onde o uso do pronome EU era reforçado com estímulos positivos. Os resultados indicaram a necessidade de considerar fatores como estresse, depressão e ansiedade no contexto escolar. Sugeriu-se a aplicação de intervenções baseadas na Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental para promover o bem-estar dos professores e melhorar as relações interpessoais no ambiente escolar.
A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NO NOVO ENSINO MÉDIO: IMPLICAÇÕES E TENDÊNCIAS PROMOVIDAS PELA REFORMA E PELA BNCC
Authors: Beltrão José Arlen , Teixeira David Romão , Taffarel Celi Nelza Zulke
Published: December 2023

Este texto objetiva examinar a condição do componente curricular educação física no ensino médio, após as alterações promovidas pela lei n. 13.415/2017, pelas DCNEM de 2018 e pela BNCC, visando discutir as implicações e tendências que emergem desse processo, bem como expor os elementos fundamentais da proposta de educação física presente na BNCC. Apoiado no materialismo histórico dialético, realizou-se pesquisa documental. Constatou-se que a reforma contribuiu para o aprofundamento da hierarquização curricular. A educação física perdeu o status de obrigatória e sua condição de componente curricular não está assegurada. O objeto de ensino apontado pela BNCC não favorece o trato pedagógico do problema central desse campo de conhecimento. Por fim, as habilidades almejadas preterem ou não exigem os conhecimentos científicos ligados à educação física, além de perspectivar para os jovens um limitado desenvolvimento.
Enhancing fruit orchard establishment: A multicriteria approach for plum variety selection
Authors: Nedeljkovic Miroslav , Puska Adis , Jelocnik Marko , Bozanic Darko , Subic Jonel , Stilic Andjelka , Maksimovic Aleksandar
Published: December 2023

This research is focused to identifying the most suitable plum variety for establishing a new orchard, aiming to achieve optimal outcomes. To accomplish this goal, multi-criteria decision-making model has been developed striving to support decision-making process. The gained results are based on experience of experts engaged in assessment of certain plum varieties. The analysis of collected expert ratings has involved mutual use of 3 methods, where the FUll COnsistency Method (FUCOM) and CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) methods were applied to determine the weights of selected criteria. The results of applying these methods demonstrated that the Maretability criterion is of highest importance. Besides, the fuzzy MARCOS method (Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution) has been applied to rank the plum varieties according to expert ratings. Derived results revealed that the ?Cacanska rodna? and ?Stanley? varieties were ranked as the most favorable, while the ?Prezident? variety was assessed as the most unfavorable. Further, gained research outcomes were corroborated by the sensitivity analysis and results validation. This research contributes to improvement of fruit growing in BiH by previous adequate selection of available plum varieties towards the establishing of new orchards and yielding optimal outcomes.
Low Awareness of Diabetes as a Major Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Middle- and High-Income Countries
Authors: Chaudhary Richard S. , Turner Melanie B. , Mehta Laxmi S. , Al-Roub Nora M. , Smith Sidney C. , Kazi Dhruv S.
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

Awareness of diabetes as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) may enhance uptake of screening for diabetes and primary prevention of CVD.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The American Heart Association conducted an online survey in 50 countries. The main outcome of this study was the proportion of individuals in each country who recognized diabetes as a CVD risk factor. We also examined variation by sex, age, geographic region, and country-level economic development.

RESULTS

Among 48,988 respondents, 15,747 (32.1%) identified diabetes as a major CVD risk factor. Awareness was similar among men and women, but increased with age, and was greater in high-income than in middle-income countries.

CONCLUSIONS

Two-thirds of adults in surveyed countries did not recognize diabetes as a major CVD risk factor. Given the increasing global burden of diabetes and CVD, this finding underscores the need for concerted efforts to raise public health awareness.
Role of Lean Production Technology and Human Resource Flexibility in Reduce Costs: Applied Research in Petronas Oil Industries Company
Authors: Al-Eqabi Mohammed Alwan Rahima , Al-Salmawi Maytham Abbas Khudhair , Tuama Marwah Jumaah , Mutlaq Makhlid Kazem
Published: December 2023

The research aims to study the impact of human resource flexibility and lean production and their foundations and ways to activate and follow up those tools and work to develop a vision for the economic unit in question In reducing costs as well as defining its importance in contemporary systems and identifying skills and behaviors that affect performance and productivity and ways to develop them and find a structure to enhance competition through coordination of the tools of the two variables together to achieve new methods in the concept of reducing costs and achieving impressive results, which included the pillars of lean production on, total quality management, automation, comprehensive productivity maintenance and continuous improvement, The problem of the research was the lack of skilled workers in the economic unit in question and the extent of its application to the tools of lean production and the mechanism of eliminating waste in its operations. Through it to a set of conclusions, that there is an acceptance of these techniques and their methods by the workers in the economic unit in question for application because of their results that are reflected on them, on the activity in general, the existence of a correlation relationship between the independent variables, lean production and the flexibility of human resources and the effective role of them in reducing costs.
Board Diversity and Efficiency of Universities Registered in Kenya: The Role of Funding Sources
Authors: Anyuki Beatrice Kinanu , Mwangi Cyrus Iraya , Nyamute Winnie Iminza
Published: December 2023

The board diversity of institutions plays an integral role in minimizing uncertainty, augmenting knowledge sharing, improving resource utilization, and crafting overall institutional strategy to enhance optimal efficiency. Institutions with more heterogeneous boards are characterized by their ability to attract finances from multiple sources; hence, they are better positioned to be more efficient in their operations. The main aim of this study was to assess the role of funding sources in the association between board diversity and the efficiency of universities registered in Kenya. The study was supported by the agency theory, the human capital theory, the stewardship theory, and the theory of pecking order. The positivist research paradigm anchored the study. A census study of 75 public and private universities in Kenya was conducted using a descriptive longitudinal research approach. The descriptive statistics included calculating the counts, standard deviation, mean, minimum and maximum values, coefficient of variation, kurtosis, and skewness. The fixed effect model was used as the primary estimation technique in inferential statistics. The results established that funding sources partially mediate the association between board diversity and efficiency. The study recommends that for universities to increase efficiency, the boards must make a greater effort to support board diversity, establish the dimensions within the board diversity relevant to efficiency enhancement, and establish multiple funding sources to remain afloat in their operations.
The Descartes Code (Spin Orbital Rotation of Photons)–I. The Fourth-Order Effects in the Michelson Interferometer
Authors: Stávek Jiří
Published: December 2023

In 1887 Michelson and Morley published their very important paper with the null result in the Michelson interferometer. Since that time there were published several hundred papers with various ad hoc hypotheses to interpret this unexpected result but none of these attempts was accepted to offer an alternative to Einstein’s 1905 theory. In order to avoid this trap with ad hoc models we have combined knowledge of Old Masters and derived a new description of the longitudinal and transverse arms of the Michelson interferometer. In this model the fourth-order effect of (v/c)4 was derived where v is the interferometer velocity in the stationary luminiferous ether and c is the light speed. This formula cannot be experimentally tested in the original Michelson interferometer with the short light path of 11 meters. There is one very good opportunity to test this model with the LIGO technology with the length of both arms 4 km and the Fabry Perot cavities where the laser beam in each arm bounces between two mirrors about 300 times before being merged with the beam from the other arm. The predicted fringe shift for the LIGO interferometer is about n ≈ 5.64 × 10−5.
Realization of the Complaint Speech Act in Spoken Arabic and English among Saudi Female English Majors at Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University
Authors: Abdul Rahman S Alsallum Asma
Published: December 2023

The core goal of this study is to investigate complaint speech act conducted in English and Arabic by Saudi female English majors at Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The sample of this study involves 30 undergraduate students of English at level eight. In order to collect data for this study, the subjects are given a controlled elicitation technique named “a Discourse Completion Test (DCT)”. The test comprises two versions; Arabic and English. Each version consists of nine situations denoting the speech act of complaint to which the subjects are required to respond as naturally as they can without spending much time thinking of what to say. After that, the data are analyzed based on the classification system of complaint strategies developed by Olshtain and Weinbach (1987) and DeCapua (1998). Two more new strategies have been added by the present researcher. Moreover, the study compared and contrasted complaint patterns in English and Arabic as expressed by these subjects. These patterns are analyzed using frequencies and percentages of their occurrence as well as the Chi-square test. The results of this study indicate that the social statuses like power, which affect the realization patterns of complaint, seem to be universal. Saudi female English majors tend to change their complaint behavior according to the social variables of the situation. Those subjects tend to be more direct when composing complaints in higher to lower relations and in equal relations and more polite and indirect when a complainee has dominance over a complainer. The results of the presents study revealed that Saudi female English majors should have enhanced awareness of cultural and linguistic discrepancies in order to express the speech act of complaint in English appropriately, making use of complaint strategies that are based on English speaking norms.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN MEDIA PERTUMBUHAN MIKROORGANISME LOKAL SEBAGAI INOKULAN DALAM FERMENTASI KULIT SINGKONG TERHADAP KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING, KECERNAAN BAHAN ORGANIK, DAN pH RUMEN SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Septian Mohamad Haris
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji nilai kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), nilai kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO), dan nilai pH rumen yang diuji secara in vitro dalam fermentasi anaerob kulit singkong dengan biostarter Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) dari media pertumbuhan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan meliputi P0 (1 kg kulit singkong + 1% EM4 + 3% molases), P1 (1 kg kulit singkong + 1% MOL1 + 3% molases), P2 (1 kg kulit singkong + 1% MOL2 + 3% molases), P3 (1 kg kulit singkong + 1% MOL3 + 3% molases). Data dianalisis menggunakan analylis of variance (ANOVA). Fermentasi anaerob kulit singkong dengan penambahan berbagai biostarter MOL memberikan hasil yang berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nilai KcBK, nilai KcBO dan nilai pH cairan rumen secara in vitro. Nilai rerata pada P0, P1, P2, dan P3 masing-masing untuk KcBK adalah 60,38%; 59,43%; 54,94%; 54,41%; untuk KcBO adalah 64,03%; 63,23%; 58,78%; 58,69%; dan untuk pH cairan rumen adalah 6,71; 6,62; 6,58; 6,63. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penggunakan berbagai biostarter MOL dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan biostarter komersil EM4 dalam proses fermentasi kulit singkong. Kata kunci: fermentasi kulit singkong, MOL   ABSTRACT The study aims to identify the Digestibility of Dry Matter (KcBK), Organic Matter Digestibility (KcBO) values, and rumen pH values tested in vitro in anaerobic fermentation of cassava peels with Indigenous Microorganisms (MOL) biostarter from different growth media. This study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications including P0 (1 kg of cassava peel + 1% EM4 + 3% molasses), P1 (1 kg of cassava peel + 1% IMO1 + 3% molasses), P2 (1 kg of cassava peel + 1% IMO2 + 3% molasses), P3 (1 kg of cassava peel + 1% IMO3 + 3% molasses). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Anaerobic fermentation of cassava peels with the addition of various IMO biostarters gave not significantly different results (P>0.05) on KcBK values, KcBO values, and rumen fluid pH values in vitro. The average scores at P0, P1, P2, and P3 for KcBK were 60.38%; 59.43%; 54.94%; 54.41%; for KcBO were 64.03%; 63.23%; 58.78%; 58.69%; and for rumen fluid pH were 6.71; 6.62; 6.58; 6,63. The results of the study concluded that the use of various IMO biostarters can be used to replace the commercial EM4 biostarter in the cassava peel fermentation process. Keywords: cassava peel fermentation, IMO
Encrucijadas de la identidad: acotaciones antigeopolíticas a la historia kurda de Turquía
Authors: Cirianni Salazar Lucía , Estremo Paredes Sebastián
Published: December 2023

Desde la formación de la república de Turquía, la identidad y los proyectos políticos de la población kurda que habita el territorio de ese país han atravesado enormes desafíos. La comprensión de las formas en las que los kurdos de Turquía se han pensado a sí mismos e ideado estrategias de resistencia a la asimilación cultural no es un proceso homogéneo o lineal, pues requiere la observación de un panorama complejo de debates sociales. Nuestro análisis de dicho panorama pretende evitar definiciones identitarias esencialistas que contribuyen a la simplificación de los análisis sobre la región. En este artículo, exponemos algunos momentos clave en esa historia de debates en los que lo religioso, lo étnico y lo estatal forman encrucijadas y dilemas que buscan contribuir al pensamiento crítico sobre la región.
Mikilvægi stuðnings við fullgildi barna fyrir inngildandi leikskólastarf
Authors: Þarstardóttir Guðrún Jóna , Pálmadóttir Hrönn , Stefánsson Kristján Ketill
Published: December 2023

Inngilding (e. inclusion) er mikilvæg fyrir gæðaríkt leikskólastarf sem getur haft langvarandi jákvæð áhrif á nám og þroska barna. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var því að skoða hvaða þættir í fari starfsfólks leikskóla, starfshátta þeirra og starfsumhverfis tengdust sterkast trú starfsfólks á eigin getu til inngildingar. Gögn úr starfsmannakönnun leikskóla á vegum Skólapúlsins árin 2020 og 2021 voru greind með marglaga líkani (e. multilevel model). Þátttakendur voru 1854 og náði úrtakið til rúmlega þriðjungs allra leikskóla á Íslandi. Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar sýndu að til að auka trú starfsfólks á eigin getu til inngildingar væri vert að horfa sérstaklega til þess að auka trú starfsfólks á eigin getu til að styðja við fullgildi (e. belonging) barna. Einnig var áhugavert að trú starfsfólks á eigin getu til að mæta krefjandi hegðun barna skipti töluverðu máli í leikskólum þar sem trú á eigin getu til inngildingar var lág en minna máli eftir því sem trú á eigin getu til inngildingar mældist hærri. Aðrar forspárbreytur rannsóknarinnar; trú á eigin getu til að styðja börn með sérþarfir, samstarf innan leikskólans og starfsreynsla, sýndu marktæk en veik tengsl við trú á eigin getu til inngildingar. Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar staðfesta jafnframt fræðilega aðgreiningu hugtakanna inngilding og fullgildi

Efnisorð: fullgildi, inngilding, leikskóli, skóli án aðgreiningar, trú á eigin getu
A Basic Set of Cancellation Violating Sequences for Finite Two-Dimensional Non-Additive Measurement
Authors: Ng Che Tat
Published: December 2023

Cancellation conditions play a central role in the representation theory of measurement for a weak order on a finite two-dimensional Cartesian product set X. A weak order has an additive representation if and only if it violates no cancellation conditions. Given X, a longstanding open problem is to determine the simplest set of cancellation conditions that is violated by every linear order that is not additively representable. Here, we report that the simplest set of cancellation conditions on a 5 by 5 product X is obtained.
Maxillary molar intrusion with micro-implant anchorage (MIA)
Authors: Park Hyo-Sang , Jang Bong-Kyu , Kyung Hee-Moon
Published: December 2023

Background: Intrusion of the maxillary molars is difficult to accomplish using traditional methods of anchorage.

Aims: To describe methods of maxillary molar intrusion with the aid of micro-implants.

Methods: Micro-implants provide stable intra-oral anchorage and enable the maxillary molars to be intruded without the usual side effects. Three adult patients are presented showing how micro-implants can be used to intrude the maxillary molars. In the first patient micro-implants were placed in the alveolar process between the second premolar and first molar, in the second patient micro-implants were placed in the palatal alveolar process between the first and second molars, and in the third patient a micro-implant was placed in the palate paramedially. A transpalatal bar was used to prevent bucco- or linguoversion of the molars during intrusion.

Conclusions: The maxillary molars can be intruded with intra-oral anchorage derived from microscrew implants.
Tribological behaviour of orthodontic archwires under dry and wet sliding conditions in-vitro. I - Frictional behaviour
Authors: Berradja Abdenacer , Willems Guy , Celis Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2023

Objective

To evaluate the frictional behaviour of orthodontic archwires in dry and wet conditions in-vitro.

Methods

Two types of archwire materials were investigated: stainless steel and NiTi. A fretting wear tribometer fitted with an alumina ball was operated at 23°C in three different environments: ambient air with 50 per cent relative humidity, 0.9 wt. per cent sodium chloride solution, and deionised water.

Results

NiTi archwires sliding against alumina exhibited high coefficients of friction (about 0.6) in the three environments. Stainless steel archwires sliding against alumina had relatively low coefficients of friction (0.3) in the solutions, but high coefficients (0.8) in air.

Conclusion

The low frictional forces of the stainless steel wires sliding against alumina in the solutions were due to a lubricating effect of the solutions and corrosion-wear debris. The high frictional forces between the NiTi wires and alumina are attributed to an abrasive interfacial transfer film between the wires and alumina.
Root resorption after orthodontic treatment
Authors: Armstrong David , Kharbanda Om P. , Petocz Peter , Darendeliler M. Ali
Published: December 2023

Background

Orthodontic treatment can result in root resorption.

Objective

To determine if apical root resorption is related to the type of appliance used and/or the direction and amount of tooth movement.

Methods

The pre- and post-treatment tooth lengths of the maxillary and mandibular first molars and incisors were measured on panoramic radiographs of 114 subjects. Associations between changes in the lengths of the incisors and positional changes in the upper and lower central incisors were determined for 45 subjects with pre- and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs.

Results

Taking into account the gender and OPT machine seven statistically significant differences were found between the appliance groups for the lengths of teeth 31 and 41. Within the groups four teeth decreased significantly in length when the pre-adjusted appliance was used (teeth 12, 11, 21, 26) and four teeth when the Speed appliance was used (teeth 26, 31, 41, 42). Only tooth 31 was shorter when the Tip-Edge appliance was used. Lower incisors were significantly shorter post-treatment if the apices were moved close to the lingual cortex.

Conclusions

When panoramic radiographs are used to assess treatment-induced changes in the lengths of the incisors, apical resorption is only one factor that should be considered. The images of lower incisors proclined during treatment may be foreshortened and/or the apices may lie outside the focal plane: both may result in ‘shorter’ teeth post-treatment. Because of the confounding factors panoramic radiographs may not be a reliable method of determining apical root resorption.
Comparison of surgical and non-surgical methods of treating palatally impacted canines. II - Aesthetic outcomes
Authors: Ling Kwok K. , Ho Christopher T. C. , Kravchuk Olena , Olive Richard J.
Published: December 2023

Background

Palatally impacted maxillary canines may appear unsightly after treatment because of changes in position and colour.

Aim

To determine if palatally impacted canines treated either by surgical exposure and orthodontic repositioning or by creation of space in the arch and unassisted eruption have different aesthetic outcomes.

Methods

Twenty eight subjects with unilateral palatally impacted canines who had completed orthodontic treatment at least 6 months previously were recruited from three specialist practices. In 14 subjects the canines had been treated by surgical exposure, orthodontic extrusion and repositioning in the arch (SE group) and in the remainder the deciduous canines were extracted and excess space created in the arch for the canines to erupt naturally (OT group). The contralateral canines were used as controls. The mean pretreatment ages of the subjects in the SE and OT groups were 13.5 (SD: 1.6) years and 13.5 (SD: 1.3) years respectively. The position and colour of the canines were assessed on post-treatment study models and 35 mm slides using the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System (ABO OGS) and subjective appraisal by two orthodontists. Each subject used a semantic scale to rate the aesthetic outcome of treatment.

Results

Sixty four per cent of the treated canines in the SE group were significantly more ‘intruded’ than the treated canines in the OT group (p = 0.004) and the control canines (p = 0.004). The ABO OGS grades of the canines in the SE and OT groups were similar (p = 0.173). While the assessors detected a lack of labial root torque and gingival margin changes in the canines in the SE group, the subjects in both groups were satisfied with the appearance of the canines post-treatment.

Conclusions

Palatally impacted canines treated by surgical exposure, extrusion and orthodontic treatment were more likely to be displaced vertically (‘intruded’) after treatment than palatally impacted canines treated by extraction of the overlying deciduous canines and creation of excess space in the arch. Small occlusal and aesthetic changes detected by the orthodontists, but not the ABO OGS, did not appear to detract from the satisfaction of the subjects with the results of orthodontic treatment.
The relationships between malocclusion, fixed orthodontic appliances and periodontal disease. A review of the literature
Authors: van Gastel Jan , Quirynen Marc , Teughels Wim , Carels Carine
Published: December 2023

Aims

To review the literature on the periodontal implications of malocclusion and fixed orthodontic appliances.

Methods

The PubMed database was searched for original articles on ‘orthodontics and gingivitis/periodontology/plaque/microbiology/histology’, ‘bracket and gingivitis/periodontology/plaque/microbiology/histology’, ‘crowding/spacing/overbite/overjet/open bite/crossbite traumatic occlusion and gingivitis/periodontology/plaque/microbiology/histology’. Only articles published between 1970 and 30 April 2007 were used. The search was augmented by screening the references cited in each paper for additional articles that might have been missed by the electronic search.

Results/Conclusions

Dental plaque is the primary cause of gingival inflammation and periodontitis. Conditions that encourage the growth and retention of dental plaque result in a localised gingivitis, which rarely progresses to periodontal disease. Only a few studies report attachment loss during orthodontic treatment. The contradictory findings on the impact of malocclusion and orthodontic appliances on periodontal health may be partly due to the selection of materials and differences in the research methods employed.
Comparison of hydroxyapatite and dental enamel for testing shear bond strengths
Authors: Imthiaz Nishat , Georgiou George , Moles David R. , Jones Steven P.
Published: December 2023

Aims

To investigate the feasibility of using artificial hydroxyapatite as a future biomimetic laboratory substitute for human enamel in orthodontic bond strength testing by comparing the shear bond strengths and nature of failure of brackets bonded to samples of hydroxyapatite and enamel.

Method

One hundred and fifty hydroxyapatite discs were prepared by compression at 20 tons and fired in a furnace at 1300°C. One hundred and five enamel samples were prepared from the buccal and palatal/lingual surfaces of healthy premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes. Orthodontic brackets were bonded to each sample and these were subjected to shear bond strength testing using a custom-made jig mounted in an Instron Universal Testing Machine. The force value at bond failure was obtained, together with the nature of failure which was assessed using the Adhesive Remnant Index.

Results

The mean shear bond strength for the enamel samples was 16.62 MPa (95 per cent CI: 15.26, 17.98) and for the hydroxyapatite samples 20.83 MPa (95 per cent CI: 19.68, 21.98). The difference between the two samples was statistically significant (p < 0.001). When the nature of failure was assessed with the ARI Index, 83 per cent of the enamel samples scored 2 or 3, while 49 per cent of the hydroxyapatite samples scored 0 or 1.

Conclusions

Hydroxyapatite was an effective biomimetic substrate for bond strength testing with a mean shear bond strength value (20.83 MPa) at the upper end of the normal range attributed to enamel (15–20 MPa). Although the difference between the shear bond strengths for hydroxyapatite and enamel was statistically significant, hydroxyapatite could be used as an alternative to enamel for comparative laboratory studies until a closer alternative is found. This would eliminate the need for extracted teeth to be collected. However, it should be used with caution for quantitative studies where true bond strengths are to be investigated.
The effect of topical fluoride agents on the physical and mechanical properties of NiTi and copper NiTi archwires. An in vivo study
Authors: Ramalingam Arthi , Kailasam Vignesh , Padmanabhan Sridevi , Chitharanjan Arun
Published: December 2023

Aim

The aim of this in vivo study was to determine the effect of topical fluoride agents on the mechanical properties of NiTi and copper NiTi archwires.

Methods

Thirty patients with fixed appliances were randomly divided into three groups: Group I (Control group) used no topical fluoride agents; Group II used a fluoride rinse; Group III applied a fluoride gel to the teeth. After 30 days, the archwires were retrieved and the moduli of elasticity and yield strengths measured. The groups were compared with the one-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s HSD test was used to identify the significant groups. One wire was randomly selected from each group and the surface examined with a scanning electron microscope.

Results

During unloading the modulus of elasticity of the NiTi archwire fell significantly in the gel group. The moduli of elasticity and yield strengths of the NiTi archwires during loading, and the copper NiTi archwires during loading and unloading, were not affected by either the gel or the rinse. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed that the copper NiTi archwires in the gel group had the most pitting.

Conclusions

Topical fluoride agents alter the mechanical properties of NiTi wires and, hence, may prolong orthodontic treatment.
The Effect of Revitalisation on the Value of Residential Premises in Historic Urban Layouts
Authors: Bieda Agnieszka , Maniak Weronika
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research was to analyze the effects of revitalization activities performed in a selected historical urban layout using the mixed method in which statistical analysis was supported by Geographic Information System (GIS) tools on the price level of residential premises on the secondary market. The subject of the analyses is “Old” Nowa Huta (Krakow, Poland), which was designed as an ideal independent city in the mid-20th century. The analysis covered the period from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2020.

The conducted analyses have demonstrated that the transaction prices (and hence the value) of residential premises located in “Old” Nowa Huta increased during the performed revitalization activities. However, based on the results obtained, it could not be confirmed that this was the direct result of the revitalization itself, because the price level within the research site increased in proportion to the rising prices in the entire city. It seems, however, that although the changes in the quality of space in the analyzed area are not spectacular, they serve to improve the quality of life of the local community and are one of the ways to protect this historic urban layout.
Prospective use of O-RADS and ADNEX ultrasound systems for risk stratification of ovarian malignancies
Authors: Bulanov M. N.
Published: December 2023

Objectives. A prospective study of the diagnostic value of ultrasound ovarian cancer risk stratification systems ADNEX and O-RADS in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors.Material and methods. 59 patients with 43 benign and 25 with malignant ovarian tumors were prospectively examined. The ultrasound diagnostic systems IOTA ADNEX (installed on the device) and O-RADS (ACR Guidance smartphone application) were used to assess the risk of ovarian cancer. An ultrasound report on the presence of a malignant tumor with appropriate routing of the patient was given when the risk of malignancy according to ADNEX was ≥10%, as well as when the risk of malignancy was ≥4 points according to O-RADS. All patients underwent surgical treatment at the Regional Clinical Hospital (Vladimir) and the Regional Clinical Oncology Hospital (Vladimir).Results. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) were respectively for ADNEX: 96, 81, 75, 97 and 87%, AUC 0.933; for O-RADS: 100, 74, 69, 10% and 90%, AUC 0.926.Conclusion. Both ultrasound diagnostic systems demonstrated very high sensitivity in the prospective differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors. At the same time, O-RADS made it possible to make the correct diagnosis in all 25 cases of malignant tumors. At the same time, both systems showed low specificity, with ADNEX having a slightly higher specificity (p > 0.05). AUC values were high for both diagnostic systems. In connection with the results of the study, we currently consider it advisable to simultaneously use the ADNEX and O-RADS systems for ultrasound examination in gynecology, reflecting the results of calculating the risk of malignant neoplasms of the adnexal mass in the ultrasound examination protocol
Dampak COVID-19 Terhadap Hasil Analisis Kelayakan Investasi pada Saham Perusahaan BUMN
Authors: Susila Muktar Redy
Published: December 2023

The aim of the research is to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the stock performance of State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN). The research sample is the shares of BUMN companies. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling. The number of samples that met the research criteria were 19 state-owned companies. The method used to analyze the CAPM. The results of the analysis prior to COVID-19 found that five state-owned companies were efficient shares. The results of the analysis at the time of COVID-19 obtained that fifteen BUMN companies were efficient shares. The results of the different tests on the performance of BUMN shares before and during COVID-19 concluded that there were differences. The results of the study show that with COVID-19 the feasibility of state-owned company shares has changed.Keywords : Stocks; COVID-19; CAPM; State-Owned Companies
Tingkat Kecukupan Cadangan Kerugian Kredit Ekspektasian di Era Pandemi Pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah Bali
Authors: Santana Dewa Ketut Wira , Budiasih I Gusti Ayu Nyoman
Published: December 2023

The research aims to analyze the formation of Expected Credit Loss Reserves (CKKE) at the Bali Regional Development Bank (BPD) during the COVID-19 pandemic in accordance with POJK 17 of 2021 concerning the Second Amendment to Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 11/Pojk.03/2020 concerning National Economic Stimulus As a Countercyclical Policy on the Impact of the Spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019. The research uses a qualitative method approach with research subjects in all credit sectors owned by Bank BPD Bali. The methods used in collecting data in research are interviews and documentation studies. The data analysis technique used by the research uses triangulation, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the level of adequacy of the establishment of BPD Bali's Expectation Credit Loss Reserves (CKKE) is in sufficient condition to be able to cover credit restructuring due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be seen from the average coverage ratio which has been 100%.

Keywords: Banking, Credit Expectations, Economic Impactsiko debitur.
Reaksi Pasar atas Pengumuman Larangan Ekspor Crude Palm Oil dan Produk Turunannya
Authors: Cahyani Dwi Ega , Putra I Nyoman Wijana Asmara
Published: December 2023

This research aims to determine the reaction of capital market investors to the announcement of a ban on the export of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and its derivative products. This research uses an event study approach for 7 days of observation in 2022. Market reactions in this research are measured using Cumulative Abnormal Return (CAR). The population of this research is oil palm plantation companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2022. The sampling method uses a purposive sampling technique. The number of samples obtained was 20 companies. This research uses one sample t-test data analysis techniques. The results of data analysis show that investors in palm oil plantation companies reacted negatively to the announcement of a ban on exports of CPO and its derivative products. This proves that investors pay attention to external events that can influence company performance.

Keywords: Market Reaction; Event Study; Abnormal Return; CPO Export Ban
Leverage, Firm Size, Likuiditas, Financial Distress, dan Aktivitas Hedging Dengan Instrumen Derivatif
Authors: Condronegoro Azhar , Hasibuan Henny Triyana
Published: December 2023

This research aims to determine the effect of leverage, firm size, liquidity and financial distress on hedging activities in textile and garment subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange due to unstable exchange rate changes. The sample method used is purposive sampling with 65 observations collected during the 2017-2021 period. The secondary data used is obtained from the company's financial reports available on the website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and other sources. Data analysis was performed using logistic regression method. The findings of this research show that leverage does not have a significant influence on hedging activities, while firm size and financial distress have a positive influence on hedging activities, and liquidity has a negative influence on hedging activities.

Keywords: Leverage; Firm Size; Liquidity; Financial Distress; Hedging Activities