bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining priorities areas for biodiversity conservation and trading forest certificates in the Cerrado biome in Brazil
Authors: Schwaida Samuel Fernando , Cicerelli Rejane , Almeida Tati , Sano Edson Eyji , Pires Carlos Henrique , Ramos Ana Paula Marques
Published: September 2022

Habitat loss and natural vegetation fragmentation are significant causes of global biodiversity decline, impacting plant and animal species negatively. This issue is worrisome in the private areas of Cerrado in Brazil, which is the second-largest biome, considered a hotspot for biodiversity conservation, and a provider of ecosystem services. Herein, we present a novel integrated approach to define priority areas for biodiversity conservation and environmental compensation in Cerrado, using multicriteria analysis. Our approach combines variables like deforestation projection, integral index of connectivity, threatened species occurrence, and environmental information of rural properties, ranking the importance of remaining native vegetation for biodiversity conservation and forest certificate issuance. Landscape metrics were used to observe and predict land use and land cover changes from 1988 to 2038. We found a loss of native vegetation in the Cerrado superior to 20% between 1988 and 2018, associated with increased of its fragmentation and its connectivity loss, especially after 2008. Natural cover was replaced mostly by pasture and more recently by agriculture Moreover, we determined that is expected a loss of native vegetation of around 55% by 2038 in Cerrado. The proposed approach can predict the consequences of future changes in the landscape of the private areas in the Cerrado biome. It should be replicated in other ecosystems, supporting the decision-making process for biodiversity protection.
Facilitators of HTS uptake among children of parents living with HIV in Nigeria
Authors: Achebe Chiagozie Ebuka , Tiri Henriatta , MERIBE CHIDOZIE , STAFFORD KRISTEN , BLANCO NATALIA , OBASA BENJAMIN , CHARURAT MANHATTAN , GWAMNA JERRY , Swaminathan Mahesh , SCHWITTERS AMEE
Published: September 2022

Background
In 2019, 36% of the 150,000 children less than 15 years of age living with HIV in Nigeria knew their status, and were receiving antiretroviral therapy. Literature on HIV-positive parents getting their children tested for HIV is limited.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted across six geopolitical zones of Nigeria with 101 eligible people living with HIV who had at least one living biological child <15 years of age at the time of the adult’s diagnosis. Interview questions focused on participants’ perspectives on the facilitators and barriers to uptake of HIV testing services for their biological children. All interview transcripts and researchers’ field notes were analysed using MAXQDA (v.12) (VERBI Software (2016) by theme and content using the framework analysis and analytic induction methodologies for qualitative research.
Results
Facilitators to HTS for children of PLHIV included: PLHIV’s positive status, PLHIV’s partner’s HIV status, and continuous education by health care workers. Reported barriers included the parent’s perception of the child’s health status, family dynamics, and structural and socio-economic challenges.
Conclusion
The right combination of interventions including those that encourage care providers to render services in a way that elicits a demand for services from clients is critical for improving uptake of HTS for children of PLHIV.
A structural equation modeling analysis:Post competency, interprofessional team collaboration ability, organizational career management of community nurses.
Authors: Ma Li , Wang Xinwei , Zou Shiyue , Lin Min , Qiu Shi , Li Weimin
Published: September 2022

Background With the advent of an aging society and the increase in chronic diseases, the role of primary health care has become increasingly important, and it has become increasingly reliant on collaboration among interprofessional people. In this interprofessional cooperation team, the role of community nurses is crucial, even dominant, so the post competence of community nurses deserves our attention. In addition, organizational career management can affect nurses in some way. The study is to study the current situation and relationship among organizational career management, interprofessional team collaboration, and post-competency of community nurses.
Methods Questionnaire surveys were conducted among 530 nurses in 28 community medical institutions. Descriptive analysis was used for analysis and structural equation model was used to hypothesize and verify the model.
Results Compared with other dimensions of nurses' post competency, ensuring quality and helping roles scored the lowest. The teaching-coaching and diagnosis function played a mediating role. Nurses with longer seniority or were transferred to administrative departments had lower scores and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). In the structural equation model, CFI=0.992, RMSEA=0.049, which shows that the model fit well, suggests that organizational career management had no statistically significant effect on post competency (β=-0.006, p=0.932), but interprofessional team collaboration had a statistically significant effect on post competency (β=1.146, p<0.001), and organizational career management had a statistically significant effect on interprofessional team collaboration (β=0.684, p<0.001).
Conclusions Attention should be given to improvement of community nurses' post competence in ensuring quality ,helping roles, teaching-coaching and diagnosis function. Moreover ,we should focus on the decline of community nurses’ ability with longer seniority or in administrative departments.The structural equation model shows that interprofessional team collaboration is complete intermediary between organizational career management and post competency.
Exploring Natura 2000 Habitats by Satellite Image Segmentation: a case study from the Čierny Balog area (Central Slovakia)
Authors: Čahojová Lucia , Ambroz Martin , Jarolímek Ivan , Kollár Michal , Mikula Karol , Šibík Jozef , Šibíková Mária
Published: September 2022

Natura 2000 is a network of protected areas covering Europe's most valuable and threatened species and habitats. Recently, biota belonging to these networks have been threatened by both climate change and various human impacts. Regular monitoring is needed to ensure effective protection and proper management measures in these sites and habitats, but conventional field approaches are often time-consuming and inaccurate. New approaches and studies with different focuses and results are being developed. Our approach includes point data from field research and phytosociological databases as starting points for automatic segmentation, which has been developed just recently as a novel method that could help to connect ground-based and remote sensing data.
The main aim of our case study is to apply advanced remotely sensed techniques to map the area and condition of vegetation units. We focus on forest habitats belonging mainly to the Natura 2000 network in the area of Čierny Balog village (Central Slovakia). We concentrated on the verification of the possibilities of differentiation of various habitats using only multispectral Sentinel-2 satellite data.
New software created by our team called NaturaSat was used to reach our objectives. In the identified areas, spectral characteristics were calculated using software tools, which were subsequently processed and tested statistically. We obtained significant differences between forest habitat types that provided promising results and verification of the methods used. This type of new habitat identification is necessary for the automatic monitoring of habitat areas and changes in conditions by remote sensing.
A new short kernel learning methods using cloud computing for quality inspection in information technology organization system
Authors: Anandan Mukunthan Manapakkam , Nayakkar Sankar Ganesh Seeni , Ganesan Karthikeyan , Muthusamy Suresh , Sundararajan Suma Christal Mary , Ramachandran Meenakumari , Ramasamy Manjula Devi
Published: September 2022

The IT organization needs quality assurance for the management of software engineering technology in the region. To apply its quality, IT Company attributes a practical change approach that depends on the quality change of drivers that reduces operating costs of systems. ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library) and six sigma for IT service management essentially provide a wholly defined structure and ground support. But ITIL highlights the need for service measurement and statements through service management software quality. The proposed system improves the quality of software, using advanced machine learning methods and cloud systems. A new short Kernel learning (NSKL) algorithm is used as a learning method for the classification task and select the function that contains the most relevant information about the quality of the software. The integration of machine learning in the cloud is called an intelligent cloud. Cloud computing is primarily used for networking and storage, but also significantly adds capabilities to cloud-based machine learning. Based on the test results, this can be effectively detected. It already aims to make changes and improve quality while focusing on control. Results show that IT streamlines the support management and event management process more efficiently and effectively.
Effect of posture on anorectal manometric measurements in female patients with fecal incontinence and rectoanal intussusception
Authors: Tsunoda Akira , Takahashi Tomoko , Osawa Ikuko
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the influence of erect position on anorectal manometry in patients with rectoanal intussusception (RAI).
Methods
This was a single center prospective observational study. Eighty female patients with fecal incontinence (FI) who underwent defecography between 1st January 2016 and 30th April 2022 were included. The effect of posture on commonly measured parameters during manometry was assessed in the left-lateral and erect positions. The severity of FI was assessed using FI Severity Index (FISI).
Results
Defecography showed that 30 patients had circumferential RAI (CRAI), and 50 had non-CRAI. There were no significant differences in age, parity, FI type, and FISI scores between the groups. Endo-anal ultrasound showed no significant difference in the incidence of sphincter defects between the groups. Maximum squeeze pressure was significantly lower in the erect position than in the left-lateral position in the CRAI patients [119 cm H2O (59‒454 cm H2O) vs 145 cm H2O (65‒604 cm H2O), P = 0.006] however, this finding was not observed in the non-CRAI group and the subgroup of anterior RAI patients. In either group, maximum resting pressure, defecation desire volume, and maximum tolerated volume were significantly higher, while anal canal length was significantly smaller in the erect position than in the left-lateral position, respectively.
Conclusion
Voluntary contraction in female FI patients with CRAI was suppressed in the erect position, which may have an additional effect on the appearance of FI.
Outpatient Nutritional Screening and Rehabilitation of Malnourished Egyptian Children: Are Rural Areas at More Risk?
Authors: Nassar May , Abdel-Wahed Mohamed , Abdelhaleem Basma , Ahmed Ahmed , Kholy Heba El
Published: September 2022

Background
Malnutrition presents a major global health burden. In Egypt, it remains an important issue in children under 5 years especially in urban communities. This increased the interest in screening the pediatrics outpatient clinics for early detection and proper management of malnutrition.
Aim of the study:
The aim of the study was to screen 2–5 years old children enrolled from Egyptian hospitals in rural and urban areas for the risk of malnutrition using Screening Tool for Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatric (STAMP) and to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional intervention program.
Subjects and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 90 patients recruited from Bolaque El-Dakror hospital in urban Cairo, and El-Badrashine hospital representing rural areas. Dietary history and anthropometric measurements were assessed. Patients at intermediate and severe risk of malnutrition according to STAMP were given tailored nutritional programs and were followed up.
Results
In the rural hospital, 4.4% of the screened children were underweight, 22.2% were marginally underweight, and 73.3% had normal weight. Regarding the urban hospital, 15.6% were marginally underweight, 84.4% had normal weight and no patients were underweight. Among the rural group 46.7% were at low risk of malnutrition, 17.8% were at intermediate risk and 35.6% were at high risk according to STAMP score results. In the urban group 71.1% were at low risk, 8.9% were at intermediate risk and 20% were at high risk. Nevertheless, the only significant differences were the more stunting and higher BMI in rural hospital patients. After nutritional intervention, high-risk category patients decreased in both groups coupled by significant improvement in the anthropometric parameters and nutrition data with no significant differences between them.
Conclusion
Nutritional education and prompt implementation of nutritional rehabilitation program for malnourished children detected by screening tools result in improvement in their nutritional status disregards their location whether urban or rural.
Biogeochemical interface development in a carbonate-clayey soil
Authors: Sofinskaya Oxana , Mannapova Liaisan , Usmanov Rustem , Galieva Albina , Leonova Ljubov V. , Mouraviev Fedor A.
Published: September 2022

The typical situation of technogenic influence on biogeochemical processes of previously unaffected soils of the terrigenous carbonate complex was simulated experimentally. The dynamics of some physical, chemical and physico-chemical properties of the model system consisting of: a carbonate clay soil, filtering water, and a psychrophilic heterotrophic microbial community washed away from calcite speleothems, was investigated. The carbonate clay soil was sampled from eluvium on red clay bedrock deposits of the Permian system. The rock to extract the psychrophilic microbial community was selected from the aphotic zone of the Yuryevskaya cave, Republic of Tatarstan. The microbial community was stimulated by the modified R2A nutrient medium. We used standard methods to determine the soil and filtrate physical and chemical properties, as well as the captive bubble method in the author's modification for wetting contact angle of soils. The experiment showed that the model technogenic impact on the carbonate clay soils modified their properties. The microbial activity during 6 months caused a redistribution of microaggregates in size, increased the fraction of crystalline contacts between soil particles, immobilized some inorganic ions, and increased soil heterogeneity and hydrophobicity. The results of the study can be considered when designing the foundations for constructions contacted with organic substances, weathering soil behavior predicting, as well as when planning caves’ restoration and preservation.
The protective effects of Gentianella acuta against endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced myocardial apoptosis in a rat model of ischemic heart failure
Authors: Hou Xuxiao , Liu Ying , Zhao Jingshan , Liu Yalei , Wang Haijun , Liu Yu
Published: September 2022

Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten (G. acuta) has been widely used in Mongolian medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Ewenki and Oroqen, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China. The current exploration was developed to scrutinize the impact of G. acuta on proteins associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis in a rat model of ischemic heart failure. Echocardiography was employed for analyzing cardiac function, and both weight gain and serum indices were monitored in study subjects. In addition, heart tissue samples were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin, Masson’s trichrome, and Sirian red staining. ER stress- and apoptosis-related protein expression was additionally evaluated via Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Together, these analyses revealed that G. acuta was able to alleviate cardiac dysfunction, collagen deposition, and myocardial injury, ameliorating ER stress and protecting the myocardium through anti-apoptotic pathways.
Research protocol for impact assessment of a project to scale up food policies in the Pacific
Authors: Patay Dori , Trieu Kathy , McKenzie Briar , Ramanathan Shanthi , Hure Alexis , Colin Bell , Thow Anne-Marie , Allender Steven , Reeve Erica , Palu Aliyah , Woodward Mark , Waqa Gade , Webster Jacqui
Published: September 2022

Background One of the challenges for countries implementing food policy measures has been the difficulty in demonstrating impact and retaining stakeholder support. Consequently, research funded to help countries overcome these challenges should assess impact and translation into practice, particularly in low-resource settings. However, there are still few attempts to prospectively, and comprehensively, assess research impact. This protocol describes a study co-created with project implementers, collaborative investigators and key stakeholders to optimise and monitor the impact of a research project on scaling up food policies in Fiji. Methods To develop this protocol, our team of researchers prospectively applied the Framework to Assess the Impact from Translational health research (FAIT). Activities included: (i) developing a logic model to map the pathway to impact and establish domains of benefit; (ii) identifying process and impact indicators for each of these domains; (iii) identifying relevant data for impact indicators and a cost-consequence analysis; and (iv) establishing a process for collecting quantitative and qualitative data to measure progress. Impact assessment data will be collected between September 2022 and December 2024, through reports, routine monitoring activities, group discussions, and semi-structured interviews with key implementers and stakeholders. The prospective application of the protocol, and interim and final research impact assessments of each project stream and the project as a whole will optimise and enable robust measurement of research impact. Discussion By applying this protocol, we aim to increase understanding of pathways to impact and processes that need to be put in place to achieve this. This impact evaluation will inform future projects with a similar scope and will identify transferable and/or translatable lessons for other Pacific Island states and low- and middle-income countries.
Two Quasi-interfacial p-n Junctions Observed by a Dual-Irradiation System in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Jianwei , Mohamed OMER , Ye Tao , Li XianQiang , Ma Shaoyang , Wu Dan , Wei Lei , Tang Xiaohong , Ramakrishna Seeram , Zhu Qiang , Xiong Shanxing , Vijila Chellappan , Wang Xizu
Published: September 2022

In general, perovskite solar cells (PSC) with a sensitized or thin-film architecture absorb light from a single side illumination, and carrier separation and transport only take place inside the active layer of the perovskite film. Herein, we first demonstrated a dual-irradiation PSC system in which light passes through both the fluorinated tin oxide (FTO) side and the Au electrode side, resulting in much faster interfacial charge carrier extraction and transportation than that in a single-irradiation system, in which light passes through from either the FTO or semitransparent Au electrode side. This dual-irradiation PSC system with a configuration of FTO/Cl-TiO2/Mp-TiO2/mixed perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD/Au/ITO can form two quasi-interfacial p-n junctions, which occur separately at the interfaces of TiO2/perovskite and perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD. When the PSC device was illuminated simultaneously from both the FTO and Au/ITO sides, the PSC achieved a total power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 20.1% under high light intensity (1.4 sun), which is higher than PCE (18.4%) of a single-irradiation system. The time of flight (TOF) photoconductivity, small perturbation transient photovoltaic (TPV), finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) optical simulations and dual illumination-side-dependent impedance spectroscopy (ISD-IS) were used to authenticate the presence of two quasi-interfacial p-n junctions in the PSC, creating more charge carriers than only one quasi p-njunction, and thus leading to a fast recombination process.
Feasibility of a secondary school-based Mental Health Intervention: Reprezents’ On The Level
Authors: Bisal Natalie , Miller Jilly Gibson , Cox Christine , Carey Shane , Levita Liat
Published: September 2022

Aims
There is a need for innovative school-based mental health interventions to promote good mental health, healthy coping strategies and engagement with support services. To that end, Reprezent, a youth advocacy group, with mental health professionals and young people co-developed an online mental health intervention show, On The Level (OTL). This study assessed the acceptability and feasibility of delivering OTL to young people (aged 11–18 years) in 36 secondary schools across London and Essex, UK.
Methods
The OTL online interactive show was delivered online to participants as part of their school curriculum, in classrooms at timepoint 1 (T1, 50 min). Follow-up data was collected at timepoint 2 (T2, 4–6 weeks after T1) during a 20-minute OTL review show. For interactive OTL elements and data collection participants logged into Slido on their mobile phones, tablet or other online devices available at the school. Measures of acceptability and engagement, mental health and well-being outcomes and intervention evaluation were taken at baseline, T1 and T2. We also assessed the feasibility of implementing the OTL intervention in secondary schools.
Results
10,315 participants received the intervention (T1) and 3,369 attended the follow-up session (T2). Rates of acceptability were high among young people and school staff. At T1, 88% found the OTL engaging, and 84% felt more confident they had the tools to help them better manage stress and anxiety. At T2, 66% viewed mental health in a more positive way, and 71% had better understanding of how to maintain good mental health. Rates of engagement with mental health tools and services were good, and significant reduction in levels of stress were found 4–6 weeks after the OTL show (T2). The low mental health and well-being indices reported by the school children at baseline strongly support the need and use for a mental health intervention such as OTL in secondary schools.
Conclusion
These findings indicated good feasibility and acceptability of OTL intervention, and support the delivery of the OTL mental health intervention at UK-based secondary schools to educate young people about mental health and well-being and give them the necessary tools to support their mental health.
Wear Behavior of Microgroove Texture of Cemented Carbide Tool Prepared by Laser Surface Texture
Authors: Yang Hui , Yang Xuefeng , Hou Qimin , Gao Yalong , Lv Guojie , Chen Keyang , Zhang Yifeng
Published: September 2022

In this paper, two texture types such as U-grooves and diamond pits are designed according to the deformation of carp scales, earthworm surface and shark shield scales. Four kinds of U-shaped and rhombic textures with different gradients were fabricated on the surface of cemented carbide YT15 by femtosecond laser processing technology. Combined with the dynamic pressure lubrication theory, the influence of unidirectional convergent gradient texture on the friction coefficient and wear volume of the worn surface was systematically studied. The lubrication mechanism of unidirectional convergent gradient texture on the cutting performance and surface tribological properties of the tool was explored. The influence of non-gradient texture and unidirectional convergent gradient texture on the friction performance was compared. The optimal texture shape and design parameters were found. The effective physical quantities to judge the dynamic pressure lubrication effect were theoretically solved. The experimental results were demonstrated and a complete unidirectional convergent gradient texture research system was established. In the cutting experiment, two kinds of U-shaped texture and diamond texture were prepared on the surface of YT15 cemented carbide tool, and the cutting experiment of 45 # quenched and tempered steel with different tools was carried out on CDE6140 A ordinary horizontal lathe. The cuttingDC-IH89B piezoelectric dynamometer was used to measure the cutting force generated by each group of experiments. The average friction coefficient was calculated by the theoretical formula of tool-chip contact. The microstructure of the worn tool was observed under the scanning electron microscope. Compared with the cutting wear of the ordinary unstructured tool, the tribological properties and cutting performance of the textured tool were analyzed.
Population dynamics of Arctica islandica off Long Island (USA): an analysis of sex-based demographics and regional comparisons
Authors: Hemeon Kathleen Margaret , Powell Eric N. , Pace Sara M. , Mann Roger , Redmond Theresa E.
Published: September 2022

The boreal bivalve Arctica islandica is an important fishery in the United States (US), yet very little is known about the resiliency of this species to fishing activity due to limited understanding of localized population demographics. Demographics including age frequency, recruitment patterns, mortality rates, and sexual dimorphism were evaluated for a population sampled off Long Island (LI, 40.09658°N 73.01057°W) and compared with samples from Georges Bank (GB, 40.72767°N, 67.79850°W) collected in 2015 and 2017, where GB was described in a previous study. This study supports evidence that this species is sexually dimorphic. Earlier assumptions of prolonged lapses in recruitment were not substantiated for either the GB or LI populations; yearly cohorts were observed for the past century, and both populations presented recruitment pulses in approximately 8-y periods. Estimated ages from this study are older than previously reported for the US Mid-Atlantic with the oldest animal represented by a 310-year-old male collected from LI. Simulated total mortality was higher at GB than LI, and higher for GB females than GB males, with simulated mean longevity estimates greater at LI than GB. The population sex ratio at GB was 1:1.1 (female:male), whereas the LI ratio was 1:1.4 and relatively deficient in large females. Recruitment into the populations occurs routinely with substantial hiatuses being rare and substantive year classes occurring at least decadally with lesser, but contributing, recruitment in most years in between. Routine recruitment may insulate this species from risks posed by overfishing to an extent not typical for other long-lived species.
Working as a nurse in community health services during Covid-19: a qualitative study
Authors: Moi Ellen , Skisland Anne Valen , Johannessen Berit , Haraldstad Kristin , Rohde Gudrun , Flateland Sylvi Monika
Published: September 2022

Background: During the Covid-19 pandemic, new roles, increased workload, lack of staffing and infection control equipment, unclear infection control guidelines and conflicting information have led to uncertainty and unpredictability for health workers. Although community home-care nurses have been exposed to a range of personal and professional stressors during the pandemic, few studies have focused on their experiences. The aim of this study was to explore how Norwegian home-care nurses experienced the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. This knowledge may contribute to preparations for meetings with patients in future pandemics, how management can support its employees and how to structure a successful organization.
Methods: This study was a qualitative descriptive design comprising 12 semi-structured individual interviews with home-care nurses. A thematic analysis was carried out.
Results: Four main themes and 11 subthemes were constructed. The results revealed challenges related both to the organization and to management, experiences of unclear information, lack of available equipment, redeployment of staff and increased workload. Furthermore, it was challenging to provide high qualitative care. The nurses missed collegial togetherness and had feelings of uncertainty with a great fear of infecting others. Positive consequences were increased professional pride and a greater awareness of infection control.
Conclusions: This study highlighted the importance of unambiguous information and clear delegation of responsibility, and that enough infection control equipment will likely minimize the fear of infecting each other. The nurses felt safer when the working situation normalized and both patients and health workers were vaccinated. Being visible and admired for their work was important for the nurses’ psychological well-being. Nurses, nursing managers and policymakers in community health care can use these results to develop strategies for future pandemic planning.
LINC00115 promote the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma via the IL6/JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway
Authors: Cai Huifang , Fan Linlin , Song Huiqin , Li Li , Wei Haitao
Published: September 2022

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is an important subtype of lung cancer with a high incidence and mortality. LncRNA play a vital role in the occurrence and development of various cancers, including LUAD. However, the molecular mechanism of LINC00115 in lung adenocarcinoma still remains unclear.
Method: 72 pairs of fresh cancerous and para-cancerous tissues were investigated by PCR and RT-qPCR. The diagnostic value of LINC00115 in lung adenocarcinoma was analyzed by ROC curve. Cytological experiment in vitro was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) experiment, clone formation assay, cell scratch test, flow cytometric apoptosis and cycle assay, and transwell assay (for cell invasion and cell migration). Besides, the proliferation and invasion and metastasis of LINC00115 cells in vivo were tested by subcutaneous tumor bearing and tail vein injection in nude mice. Ln CATLAS database and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay are used to predict the subcellular localization of LINC00115. RNA pull-down assay and MS analysis were used to identify LINC00115 binding proteins (RBPs). Names and binding sites of LINC00115 binding proteins were confirmed by cat RAPID and ENCORI database. Binding protein of LINC00115 was detected by western blot (WB) assay.
Results: LINC00115 was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma compared with para-carcinoma tissue. LINC00115 was closely correlated with TNM staging and lymph node metastasis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and was negatively correlated with patients' age, gender, tumor size, smoking or not. The Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was a high diagnostic value of LINC00115 for patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Nude mice model of Pulmonary metastasis via tail vein injection was performed to knock-downed LINC00115 had significantly inhibited on the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma Compared with the control group. LINC00115 was located in the cytoplasm. LINC00115 directly binds to the KHSRP protein. The result of RT-PCR that LINC00115 promoted the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma via IL6/JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway.
Conclusions: LINC00115 directly recruits KHSRP protein to promot the invasion and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma via IL6/JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway. Our findings provided a new biomarker and potential therapeutic targets for clinical diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
Gonadotropin-mediated tumour cell chemoresistance: Evidence for multiple pathways, LH antagonism, TLR agonist and apoptotic bleb additivity, and exosome-mediated horizontal transfer
Authors: Kalha Beneeta , Tanwar Himanshi , Sachdeva Ruchi , Jagadish Nirmala , Suri Anil , Pal Rahul
Published: September 2022

Background
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), critical to the success of pregnancy, is also made by many cancers. The presence of tumour-derived hCG (or its β subunit) is associated with poor patient prognosis, the reasons for which remain largely obscure; similar links with the closely-related gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (LH) or follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) have not been described. This study was prompted by the fact that chemoresistance is associated with poor patient prognosis in a variety of cancers.
Methods
The ability of αhCG, βhCG, hCG, LH and FSH to protect tumor cells (of three different lineages) from the detrimental effects of six different cytotoxic drugs (in terms of viability, proliferation, and apoptosis) was assessed, and potential LH-mediated antagonisms on hCG- and βhCG-mediated chemoprotection evaluated; associated signalling events were delineated employing phosphoblots and inhibitors. Potential TLR agonist- and apoptotic bleb-additivity in chemoprotection was determined. The ability of hormone-induced, tumor cell-elicited exosomes to horizontally transfer chemoprotection to gonadotropin-naïve tumor cells was assessed. The unpaired Student’s t-test, or one-way ANOVA (Holm-Sidak) were used to calculate statistical significance.
Results
hCG as well as its β subunit (but its α subunit, nor LH or FSH) significantly reduced the viability-decreasing, anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of six chemotherapeutic drugs, and of UV radiation, on the tumour cells of three distinct lineages; LH and (but not FSH) antagonised the chemo-protective action of hCG and βhCG, a finding indicative of overlapping binding sites but differential signalling. Indeed, hCG and βhCG triggered signalling pathways that were distinct from those triggered by LH and FSH in tumor cells, and specific signalling pathways drove hCG-mediated chemoprotection against specific drugs. Co-incubation of hCG with agonists for TLR-7, TLR-8, TLR-9, or with specific apoptotic blebs (components of which include endogenous TLR agonists), resulted in additive amelioration of drug action. Further, hCG-elicited (but not LH- or FSH-elicited) tumour exosomes mediated the horizontal transfer of chemoresistance to gonadotropin-naïve tumor cells.
Conclusion
Anti-hCG immunization (already demonstrated to have anti-tumor effects) coupled with specific drug-signalling inhibitor combinations, and/or LH supplementation, could be beneficial in subjects harbouring gonadotropin-responsive tumours.
The safety and efficacy of CO 2 laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery-based multi- pathway glaucoma surgery in intractable pediatric glaucoma
Authors: Liang Anyi , Song Hang , Cheng Gangwei , Zhang Yang , Bian Ailing , Zhang Meifen
Published: September 2022

Background
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of CO2 laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery (CLASS)-based multi-pathway glaucoma surgeries in intractable pediatric glaucoma.
Methods
Retrospective, self-controlled, interventional case series. Twenty-three intractable pediatric glaucoma patients (26 eyes) who underwent CLASS-based multi-pathway surgeries were enrolled, including CLASS combined with trabeculectomy and CLASS combined with combined trabeculectomy and trabeculotomy. Complete examinations were performed before and after surgery. Intraocular pressure (IOP) change, complete and qualified success rates (CSR, QSR), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), number of IOP-lowering eyedrops and adverse events were recorded.
Results
The mean age at surgery was 8.72 ± 5.46 years and the mean follow-up time was 25.49 ± 10.87 months. Baseline IOP, number of IOP-lowering eyedrops and logMAR BCVA were 32.00 ± 4.83 mmHg, 3.21 ± 0.71 and 1.31 ± 0.90 respectively. The mean IOP was 12.05 ± 5.02, 11.71 ± 3.25 and 12.67 ± 3.38 mmHg at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery, which were significantly lower than baseline (all p < 0.05). The reduction in number of medications was statistically significant at all post-operative timepoints within 3 years (all p < 0.005). CSR and QSR were 82.2% and 91.7% respectively at 1 year, and were 68.5% and 81.5% respectively at 2 years. Majority of the early and late-onset complications including shallow anterior chamber, extensive peripheral anterior synechia, scarring of blebs and cataract were mild and reversible.
Conclusion
CLASS-based multi-pathway surgery was safe and effective for the treatment of intractable pediatric glaucoma. It is promising to become an alternative and safer surgical management for intractable pediatric glaucoma.
Investigation on Friction Heat Generation Rate of Ball Bearing at Ultra-high Rotation Speed
Authors: Yu Jie , Zhu Shuailun , Yuan Wei , Chen Xiaoyang , He Lei , Guo Qianjian
Published: September 2022

Position and velocity vectors between ball-rings, ball-cage and cage-ring in space were considered to promote the friction heat generation rate model of ball bearing. The position vector relation of each part of the bearing in space was analyzed to judge the bearing in contact or not. Hertz contact theory and Coulomb friction law was used to solve the normal and friction forces at the contact points, respectively. The velocity vector relation of each part in space was analyzed, and the relative sliding velocity between two contact parts was obtained. Friction heat generation rate of bearings was calculated using the product of friction force and relative velocity. The influence of the parameters on bearing heat generation rate, such as bearing speed, axial load, radial load, and the groove curvature radius coefficient of bearing inner and outer rings, were all investigated. The theoretical calculation and experimental results indicate that bearing friction heat generation rate is associated with the bearing rotation speed and bearing thrust load at ultra-high rotation speed, whereas radial load has small impact on the bearing friction heat generation rate, meanwhile, suitable inner-outer groove curvature radius coefficient can significantly reduce the bearing friction heat generation rate.
The Injections of Mitochondrial Fusion Promoter M1 during Proestrus Disrupt the Progesterone Secretion and the Estrous Cycle in the Mouse
Authors: Budi Yovita Permata , Hsu Meng-Chieh , Lin Yi-Chun , Lee Yue-Jia , Chiu Hsin-Yi , Chiu Chih-Hsien , Jiang Yi-Fan
Published: September 2022

Mitochondria are essential for steroid synthesis, thus suggesting that mitochondrial dynamics play a vital role in the female reproductive system. The changes in the mitochondria dynamics throughout the ovarian cycle have been reported in literature, but the correlation to its role in the ovarian cycle remains unclear. In this study, mitochondrial fusion promotor, M1, was used to study the impact of mitochondria dynamics in the female reproductive system. Our results showed that M1 treatment in mice can lead to the disruptions of estrous cycles in vagina smears. The decrease in serum LH was recorded in the animal. And the inhibitions of progesterone secretion and ovulations were observed in ovarian culture. Although no significant changes in mitochondrial networks were observed in the ovaries, significant up-regulation of mitochondrial respiratory complexes was revealed in M1 treatments through transcriptomic analysis. In contrast to the estrogen and steroid biosynthesis up-regulated in M1, the molecules of extracellular matrix, remodeling enzymes, and adhesion signalings were decreased. Collectively, our study provides novel targets to regulate the ovarian cycles through the mitochondria. However, more studies are still necessary to provide the functional connections between mitochondria and the female reproductive systems.
Adult Intensive Care in Uganda: A Systematic Review
Authors: Asiimwe Edgar , Ayoola Ade , Sabiiti Benon , Kache Saraswati
Published: September 2022

Background:
Intensive (ICU) care in many African countries, such as Uganda is comparatively underdeveloped and underprioritized, largely because of other pressing healthcare system needs. However, experiences like the COVID-19 pandemic, declines in infectious disease-associated mortality, and the ongoing epidemiologic transition make the current state of critical-care in the region important. But most countries in the region, including Uganda, do not collect ICU data, leaving published studies as one of few potential sources of robust data. Existing systematic reviews utilize this fact; however, these studies report their findings in aggregate, making country-specific conclusions impossible. As a result, aspects of critical care in several individual African countries remain unknown.
Objective:
To assess intensive care utilization in Uganda over time; specifically, we ascertain patient demographics and the most common reasons for ICU admission.
Methods:
We performed a systematic search of the following indexing databases: PuBMed, EMBASE, Google scholars, and African Journals Online prior to March 2020. To assess the gray literature, we searched the dissertation databases of the largest public universities in the country (Makerere & Mbarara University) for relevant papers. Inclusion criteria for studies were: (i) study conducted in Uganda at a facility with intensive care capacity, (ii) adult population; (iii) N>100 patients.
Findings:
A total of 10 papers, collectively reporting on 3519 adult patients and published between 2005 and 2018 met our study’s inclusion criteria. The median of the average age on admission was 35.50 [IQR: 26.11-43.4], with post-operative management as the most common reason for ICU admission. Median mortality was 37.50% [IQR: 28.5-40.5].
Conclusions:
Our study provides evidence supporting previous anecdotal reports of a comparatively low median age of patients in Uganda’s ICUs. However, we also find that most ICU research is conducted at the national referral hospital, Mulago, in the country’s capital, Kampala. This second finding highlights a significant knowledge gap, as private ICUs (whose catchment population includes Uganda’s rapidly growing middle class), and other districts in the country are not represented. As a result, these results should be interpreted cautiously. Future research studies should attempt to include private hospitals and those outside Kampala.
Systematic review registration: PROSPERO. Registration ID: CRD42020168940
Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Encoding Secreted Non-Stabilized Spike Protein in Mice
Authors: Prompetchara Eakachai , Ketloy Chutitorn , Alameh Mohamad-Gabriel , Tarakhet Kittipan ,   Papatsara Kaewpang Kaewpang1, Yostrerat Nongnaphat , Pitakpolrat Patrawadee , Buranapraditkun Supranee , Wiboon-ut Suwimon , Thitithanyanont Arunee , Jongkaewwattana Anan , Hunsawong Taweewan , Im-Erbsin Rawiwan , Reed Matthew , Wijagkanalan Wassana , Patarakul Kanitha , Palaga Tanapat , Lam Kieu , Heyes James , Weissman Drew , Ruxrungtham Kiat
Published: September 2022

Establishment of an mRNA vaccine platform in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is important to enhance vaccine accessibility and ensure future pandemic preparedness. Here, we describe the preclinical studies of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA encoding prefusion-unstabilized ectodomain spike protein encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) “ChulaCov19”. In BALB/c mice, ChulaCov19 at 0.2, 1, 10, and 30 µg given 2 doses, 21 days apart, elicited robust neutralizing antibody (NAb) and T cells responses in a dose-dependent relationship. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of micro-virus neutralizing (micro-VNT) antibody against wild-type virus was 1,280, 11,762, 54,047, and 62,084, respectively. Higher doses induced better cross-neutralizing antibody against Delta and Omicron variants. This elicited specific immunogenicity was significantly higher than those induced by homologous prime-boost with inactivated (CoronaVac) or viral vector (AZD1222) vaccine. In heterologous prime-boost study, mice primed with either CoronaVac or AZD1222 vaccine and boosted with 5 µg ChulaCov19 generated NAb 7-fold higher against wild-type virus (WT) and was also significantly higher against Omicron (BA.1 and BA.4/5) than homologous CoronaVac or AZD1222 vaccination. AZD1222-prime/mRNA-boost had mean spike-specific IFNγ positive T cells of 3,725 SFC/106 splenocytes, which was significantly higher than all groups except homologous ChulaCov19. Challenge study in human-ACE-2-expressing transgenic mice showed that ChulaCov19 at 1 µg or 10 µg protected mice from COVID-19 symptoms, prevented SARS-CoV-2 viremia, significantly reduced tissue viral load in nasal turbinate, brain, and lung tissues 99.9–100%, and without anamnestic of Ab response which indicated its protective efficacy. ChulaCov19 is therefore a promising mRNA vaccine candidate either as a primary or a boost vaccination and has entered clinical development.
Wearables for Personalized Monitoring of Masticatory Muscle Activity – Opportunities, Challenges and the Future
Authors: Prasad Sabarinath , Farella Mauro
Published: September 2022

Wearable devices are worn on or remain in close proximity of the human body. The use of wearable devices specific to the orofacial region are steadily increasing. Orofacial applications of wearable devices include supplementing diagnosis, tracking treatment progress, monitoring patient compliance and understanding oral parafunctional behaviours. In this short communication, the role of wearable devices in advancing personalized dental medicine are highlighted with a specific focus on masticatory muscle activity monitoring in naturalistic settings. Additionally, challenges, opportunities as well as future research areas for successful use of wearable devices for precise, personalized care of muscle disorders are discussed.