bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Participation in Social Group Activities and Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Taniguchi Rika , Ukawa Shigekazu
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

This systematic review aimed to assess the association between social participation in group activities or associations and the risk of dementia based on longitudinal cohort studies.

Methods:

We searched the electronic database PubMed for relevant studies in English published up to April 13, 2021. The search strategy included a combination of terms related to (1) longitudinal cohort studies, (2) assessing the association between social participation in group activities or associations and the risk of dementia, and (3) the article must be published in English or Japanese.

Results:

Of the 1,881 identified studies, 7 were included in the current systematic review. Five of these seven studies indicated social participation in group activities or associations to be significantly associated with a decreased risk of dementia. Our search also revealed the following points: 1) four studies evaluated the association between the specific type of social participation and the risk of dementia; 2) two studies evaluated the association between the frequency of social participation and the risk of dementia, and 3) one study investigated the effects of changes in the state of social participation on the risk of dementia.

Conclusion:

To clarify the association between social participation in group activities or associations and the risk of dementia, future studies should: 1) evaluate the association between the specific type and frequency of social participation and the risk of dementia, and 2) investigate the effects of changes in the states of social participation on the risk of dementia.
Microbial Production of Lactic Acid – A Review
Authors: Arshad Hira , Irfan Muhammad , Shakir Hafiz Abdullah , Khan Muhammad , Ali Shaukat , Saeed Shagufta , Franco Marcelo
Published: June 2022

Lactic acid is a generally existing natural acid, which is significant because of its wide
use in food and food-related ventures, pharmaceutics, the cosmetics sector and its ability to create
biopolymers. Lactic acid is eco-friendly, can be obtained from natural crude substances utilizing
different varieties of microbes, and is chemically synthesized. Taking into account the value of lactic
acid, this is a brief review of methods of processing, applications, microbes and substrates required
for lactic acid production.
The Effect of Childbirth Education and Birth Plan on Childbirth Self-Efficacy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: SUNAY Zeliha , UÇAR Tuba
Published: June 2022

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of birth education given to pregnant women and the birth plan applied together with the education on birth self-efficacy. Methods: The study was conducted as a randomised controlled trial at seven Family Health Centers in Turkey. The pregnant women in the sample were divided into three groups. Group 1 received only childbirth education (Group Education-Group-ED), Group 2 received childbirth education and a birth plan (Group Education & Plan-Group-ED&P), and Group 3 was the control group, all of which included 51 pregnant women. The childbirth education was divided into two sessions of 40-50 minutes each. The Personal Information Form and the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory were used to collect the data between April and September 2017. Results: When the pregnant women's intragroup self-efficacy mean scores were compared after the intervention, it was determined that the pregnant women's birth self-efficacy levels in Group ED and Group ED&P increased significantly (P<0.05), whereas there was no statistically significant increase in the pregnant women's self-efficacy levels in the control group (P>0.05). When the pregnant women's intergroup self-efficacy mean scores were compared after the intervention, it was discovered that Group ED's childbirth self-efficacy level was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). It was also determined that the pregnant women in Group ED&P had similar levels of childbirth self-efficacy to those in the control and Group ED (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings show that providing only childbirth education during pregnancy is the most effective method for increasing the childbirth self-efficacy of pregnant women. (Clinical trials number: NCT04525430)
İstanbul’da Göçmen Sağlığı Merkezlerinde Sunulan Sağlık Hizmetlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÜNER Abdullah Emre , HATİPOĞLU Mustafa , KOCAYİĞİT Erdoğan , ŞAHİN Esra , PEKSU Saadet , BİLAL Alper
Published: June 2022

Giriş: Göç, siyasi, ekonomik, dini ve toplumsal sebeplerle insanların yaşadıkları yerleşim yerlerini terk ederek başka bir yerleşim yerlerine gitme durumudur. Göç eden insanlar, ya hayatlarının geri kalan kısmını geçirmek ya da belli bir süre geçtikten sonra yeniden yerleşim yerlerine dönmek üzere yer değiştirirler. Bu durum göç edilen ülkede bir çok yönden yeni düzenlemeler gerektirdiği gibi, sağlık konusunda da önemli bir politika belirleyicisi olmuştur. Özellikle 2009 yılından sonra göç olayları artmış, Suriye Cumhuriyeti iç savaşı ile birlikte Türkiye ve diğer komşu ülkelere de göç akını başlamıştır. Bunlardan en önemlisi de göçmenlerin sağlık hizmeti alabilmeleridir. Bu amaçla ülkemizde Göçmen Sağlığı Merkezleri kurulmuştur. Bu çalışma, İstanbul ilinde aynı dili konuşan hekim ve sağlık çalışanlarından oluşan Göçmen sağlığı Merkezlerinden (GSM) hizmet alan göçmenlere yönelik verilen hizmetlerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel, tanımlayıcı nitelikte olup analitik bir çalışmadır. Veriler SPSS 26.0 programında analiz edilmiştir. Tanımlayıcı istatistiklerinde ortalama, standart sapma, medyan en düşük en yüksek frekans ve oran değerleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Göçmen Sağlığı Merkezlerine göçmenlerin % 63’ ü genel muayene için gelmektedir. %46,8’ı başka hiçbir sağlık kuruluşundan hizmet almamaktadır. Diğer birimlerden en fazla psikolojik danışmanlık hizmeti almaktadırlar(%52). Katılımcıların %55,1’i Suriyeli doktorlara muayene olmaktan , %50,9’u Suriyeli hemşirelerden hizmet almaktan çok memnun olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç: Yapılan çalışma sonucuna göre, göçmen vatandaşlar sunulan hizmetlerden genellikle memnun olduğu görülmektedir. Bunda en çok kendi dillerini konuşan hekim ve hemşirelerin olması, merkezlerde tercümanların olmasının büyük payı vardır. Hastalar için anlaşılır olmak tedavi başarısında son derece önemlidir. Göçmen vatandaşların büyük çoğunluğunun, sadece göçmen sağlığı merkezlerinden sağlık hizmeti alıyor olmaları da memnuniyetin bir göstergesidir. Göçmen sağlığı merkezlerinin hayata geçirilmesi ile göçmen vatandaşların birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinden ücretsiz yararlanması sağlanmıştır.
Denetimli serbestlik sisteminde aile temelli müdahale yöntemleri
Authors: ERYALÇIN Münevver , ERYALÇIN Talip , DUYAN Veli
Published: June 2022

Günümüzde suç işleyenlerin insan onuruna yakışır şekilde cezalandırılması veya cezanın onarıcı şekilde infaz edilmesi hukuk, sosyal hizmet, tıp, psikoloji, sosyoloji gibi birçok akademik disiplinin tartıştığı önemli konulardan birisidir. Cezaların infazının onarıcı şekilde yapılması denilince akla denetimli serbestlik gelmektedir. Denetimli serbestlik sistemi, yükümlü bireyi iyileştirme, yükümlü bireyin yeniden suç işlemesini önleme ve toplumu korumanın yanı sıra adli sistemin denetim, takip ve infaz ihtiyacını karşılamak üzere ortaya çıkmıştır. Günümüzde denetimli serbestlik sistemi, sosyal hizmet uygulamaları ile yükümlü bireylerin dezavantajlı durumlarını en aza indirip yeniden suç işlemelerinin önlenmesi ve kendilerini geliştirmelerine destek olarak sosyal içerilmelerinin sağlanması adına önemli bir sorumluluk üstlenmektedir. Son zamanlarda denetimli serbestliğe dair ulusal ve uluslararası alanda yapılan araştırmalar, bu alana olan ilginin arttığını göstermektedir. Ancak ulusal alandaki çalışmalarda Türkiye’deki denetimli serbestlik sisteminde aile boyutunun yeterince ele alınmadığı üzerinde durulmaktadır. Multi-sistemik ve fonksiyonel aile terapileri, mükerrer suç riski yüksek çocuklar gençler ve ailelerine yönelik tasarlanmış müdahale programlarıdır. Denetimli serbestlik sürecinde genç bireylere etkin bir müdahale sunulabilmesi için ailenin bütünü ile çalışmak gerekmektedir. Tek başına, kişiden davranışlarını değiştirmesini beklemek bireyi belirli bir noktaya kadar getirebilir, ancak ailesi tarafından da desteklendiğini bilen bireyler için ilerleme çok daha kolay olabilmektedir. Denetimli serbestlik sisteminde uygulanabilecek aile temelli müdahale yöntemleri, özellikle çocuk ve genç yükümlülerin güçlü yönlerini geliştirebilmeleri açısından önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu çalışma ile etkili ve kanıta dayalı aile temelli müdahale yöntemlerinden multi-sistemik ve fonksiyonel aile terapilerinin ele alınması ve bu programların Türk denetimli serbestlik sistemine entegrasyonunun sağlanabilmesi ile ilgili önerilerin paylaşılması amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada aile temelli müdahale uygulayıcılarına ve bireye/aileye sürekli, kapsamlı, bütüncül hizmet sunan aile hekimlerine düşen roller ve sorumluluklara yer verilmiştir.
Halk Sağlığı Bakışıyla Yaşlı İstismarı ve İhmali
Authors: AKKAYA Betül , ÇÖL Meltem
Published: June 2022

Yaşlı nüfusu, dünyadaki tüm ülkelerin genel nüfusu içinde hem sayı, hem de oran olarak büyümektedir. Nüfus yaşlanması süreci, hem sosyoekonomik alanda, hem de sağlık alanında olumsuz bazı sonuçlara neden olmaktadır. Bu sonuçlardan biri de yaşlı istismarı ve ihmalidir. Yaşlı istismarı ve ihmali; sağlık sistemlerinin, sosyal yardım kurumlarının, politika yapıcıların ve vatandaşların acilen ilgilenmesini gerektiren, yıkıcı bireysel ve toplumsal sonuçları olabilen; yeterince bildirilmeyen önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Yaşlı istismarı ağrı, yaralanma, ölüm, stres, anksiyete, depresyon, madde bağımlığı, intihar gibi hem ruh sağlığı hem fiziksel sağlık üzerinde ciddi sonuçlara neden olmaktadır. Yaşlı istismarı ve önlenmesi konusunda küresel bilgi birikimi çok sınırlıdır. Yaşlı istismarı ve ihmalini önlemek ve kontrol altına almak için; konu ile ilgili kapsamlı ve çok yönlü araştırmalar planlanmalı; gerekli yasal düzenlemeler yapılmalı; bildirim sistemleri güçlendirilmeli; mağdurlara yönelik konukevi, yardım hattı gibi hizmetler, ayrıca huzurevleri gibi kurumsal bakım hizmetleri geliştirilmeli ve denetlenmeli; hizmetler birden çok disiplinle iş birliği içinde yürütülmelidir. Yaşlılar, aileleri, bakım veren kişiler, istismar ve ihmalle karşılaşabilecek profesyoneller, istismar ve ihmalin tanınması, bildirimi, önlenmesi, mağdurlara yönelik hizmetler gibi konularda eğitilmelidir. Yaşlı gündüz bakım merkezleri, yaşlı dostu ortamlar gibi yaşlı bireyi, ailesini, bakım vereni destekleyecek uygulamalar ülke geneline yaygınlaştırılmalı ve geliştirilmelidir. Ayrıca yaşlanma ile ilgili ulusal eylem planları güncellenerek, hedeflere yönelik gerekli etkinlikler ivedilikle uygulamaya geçilmelidir.
EKSISTENSI LEKRA DALAM PUSARAN MANIFESTO KEBUDAYAAN DEMOKRASI TERPIMPIN
Authors: Widariyanti Cici
Published: June 2022

Demokrasi Terpimpin merupakan sistem demokrasi yang berlangsung setelah Dekrit Presiden 5 Juli 1959. Diterapkannya sistem ini menyebabkan kekuasaan Soekarno bersifat mutlak, karena segala keputusan berada di tangan presiden. Salah satu kekuatan politik besar yang ada pada Demokrasi Terpimpin adalah Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI). Dominasi PKI dalam sistem perpolitikan Indonesia semakin tampak dengan berdirinya lembaga-lembaga di bawah kepemimpinan PKI. Salah satu lembaga yang memiliki kedekatan dengan PKI adalah Lekra yang dibentuk pada 17 Agustus 1950. Keberpihakan Lekra pada rakyat kecil menyebabkan organisasi ini tidak hanya mengatasi permasalahan budaya, tetapi juga mendapat dukungan dari rakyat. Perkembangan Lekra pada masa Demokrasi Terpimpin ditunjukkan dengan munculnya sastrawan-sastrawan ternama seperti Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Selain bergerak di bidang seni dan kebudayaan, Lekra yang berideologi realisme-sosialis ini juga kerap melancarkan kritik sebagai bentuk aspirasi rakyat. Dalam perkembangannya, kekuatan politik yang dimiliki Lekra menyebabkan pertentangan di sejumlah seniman. Hal tersebut akhirnya melahirkan manifesto kebudayaan pada 17 Agustus 1963.
HISTORY TOMB OF DATUK ABDURRAHIM BIN ABU BAKAR IN LATENG, BANYUWANGI, EAST JAVA AS A HISTORY LEARNING SOURCE IN BANYUWANGI 1 STATE HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Asy'ari Faruq Hasan , Ediyono Suryo
Published: June 2022

Datuk Abdurrahim Bin Abu Bakar is known as a preacher of Islam, namely spreading Islam in various areas, especially Banyuwangi. Every day, the tomb of Datuk Abdurrahim Bin Abu Bakar is never empty of pilgrims who come from various regions with different goals and motivations. The tomb, which is located not far from the city center of Banyuwangi, is very sacred to the people of Banyuwangi. This is very unique, because usually the graves that are sacred to the community are located in forests, hills, and beaches, which are far from residential areas. The further uniqueness of the name of the tomb itself. At the beginning of the name there is the word "datuk", the word comes from the Malay culture which is used to address an old man. If you look at the culture in Banyuwangi, East Java, to call an old man by using the word "mbah". In this research, it can be collected using the historical method with stages; (1) heuristics, (2) source criticism, (3) interpretation, (4) historiography. The purpose of this research is to; (1) Knowing the history of the Tomb of Datuk Abdurrahim Bin Abu Bakar, (2) Knowing the potential of the Tomb of Datuk Abdurrahim Bin Abu Bakar Bin Abdurrahim Bauzir as a source of learning history in high school and the values of character education in compulsory history learning for class X according to the 2013 curriculum, such as; tolerance, religious, honesty, helpful help, hard work, and discipline. It is hoped that further researchers can complement the research results that have been written by current researchers  Keywords: Tombs, Character values, History Learning Resources
Sex Workers’ Lived Experiences With COVID-19 on Social Media: Content Analysis of Twitter Posts
Authors: Al-Rawi Ahmed , Zemenchik Kiana
Published: June 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention to various inequalities in global societies, highlighting discrepancies in terms of safety, accessibility, and overall health. In particular, sex workers are disproportionately at risk due to the nature of their work and the social stigma that comes alongside it.

Objective

This study examines how public social media can be used as a tool of professional and personal expression by sex workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to explore an underresearched topic by focusing on sex workers’ experiences with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on the social media platform Twitter. In particular, we aimed to find the main issues that sex workers discuss on social media in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A literature review followed by a qualitative analysis of 1458 (re)tweets from 22 sex worker Twitter accounts was used for this study. The tweets were qualitatively coded by theme through the use of intercoder reliability. Empirical, experimental, and observational studies were included in this review to provide context and support for our findings.

Results

In total, 5 major categories were identified as a result of the content analysis used for this study: concerns (n=542, 37.2%), solicitation (n=336, 23.0%), herd mentality (n=231, 15.8%), humor (n=190, 13.0%), and blame (n=146, 10.0%). The concerns category was the most prominent category, which could be due to its multifaceted nature of including individual concerns, health issues, concerns for essential workers and businesses, as well as concerns about inequalities or intersectionality. When using gender as a control factor, the majority of the results were not noteworthy, save for the blame category, in which sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) were more likely to post content.

Conclusions

Though there has been an increase in the literature related to the experiences of sex workers, this paper recommends that future studies could benefit from further examining these 5 major categories through mixed methods research. Examining this phenomenon could recognize the challenges unique to this working community during the COVID-19 pandemic and potentially reduce the widespread stigma associated with sex work in general.
Exploring a Need for a Cardiometabolic Disease Staging System as a Computerized Clinical Decision Support Tool: Qualitative Study
Authors: Karabukayeva Aizhan , Anderson Jami L , Hall Allyson G , Feldman Sue S , Mehta Tapan
Published: June 2022

Background

Although cardiometabolic diseases are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, computerized tools for risk assessment of cardiometabolic disease are rarely integral components of primary care practice. Embedding cardiometabolic disease staging systems (CMDS) into computerized clinical decision support systems (CDSS) may assist with identifying and treating patients at greatest risk for developing cardiometabolic disease.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the current approach to medical management of obesity and the need for CMDS designed to aid medical management of people living with obesity, at risk of being obese, or diabetic at the point of care.

Methods

Using a general inductive approach, this qualitative research study was guided by an interpretive epistemology. The method included semistructured, in-depth interviews with primary care providers (PCPs) from university-based community health clinics. The literature informed the interview protocol and included questions on PCPs’ experiences and the need for a tool to improve their ability to manage and prevent complications from overweight and obesity.

Results

PCPs (N=10) described their current approaches and emphasized behavioral treatments consisting of combined diet, physical activity, and behavior therapy as the first line of treatment for people who were overweight or obese. Results suggest that beneficial features of CDSS include (1) clinically relevant and customizable support, (2) provision of a comprehensive medical summary with trends, (3) availability of patient education materials and community resources, and (4) simplicity and ease of navigation.

Conclusions

Implementation of a CMDS via a CDSS could enable PCPs to conduct comprehensive cardiometabolic disease risk assessments, supporting clinical management of overweight, obesity, and diabetes. Results from this study provide unique insights to developers and researchers by identifying areas for design optimization, improved end user experience, and successful adoption of the CDSS.
Digital Health Technologies Enabling Partnerships in Chronic Care Management: A Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Wannheden Carolina , Åberg-Wennerholm Matilda , Dahlberg Marie , Revenäs Åsa , Tolf Sara , Eftimovska Elena , Brommels Mats
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

An increasing number of patients expect and want to play greater roles in decisions about their treatment and care. This emphasizes the need to adopt collaborative healthcare practices, which implies collaboration between an interprofessional healthcare team and patients, their families, caregivers, and communities. In recent years, digital health technologies supporting self-care and collaboration between the community and healthcare providers (i.e., participatory health technologies) have received increasing attention. However, knowledge is still limited regarding the features of such technologies that support effective patient–professional partnerships.

OBJECTIVE

To map and assess published studies on participatory health technologies intended to support partnerships between patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals in chronic care, focusing specifically on identifying the main features of these technologies.

METHODS

A scoping review was performed, covering scientific publications in English between January 2008 and December 2020. We searched PubMed and Web of Science. Peer-reviewed qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies that evaluated digital health technologies for patient–professional partnerships in chronic care settings were included. Data were charted and analyzed thematically. The PRISMA-ScR checklist was used.

RESULTS

The review encompassed 34 papers. The topic of PHTs experienced a slightly increasing trend across the publication years, with most papers originating from the USA and Norway. Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were the most common conditions addressed. Nine studies evaluated the PHTs’ influences on partnerships, mostly with positive outcomes, although we also identified how partnership relationships and the nature of collaborative work could be challenged when roles and expectations between users were unclear. Six common PHT features were identified: patient–professional communication, self-monitoring, tailored self-care support, self-care education, care planning, and community forums for peer-to-peer interactions.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings emphasize the importance of clarifying mutual expectations and carefully considering the implications the introduction of PHTs may have on the work of patients and healthcare professionals, individually and in collaboration. A knowledge gap remains regarding how to use PHTs to support patient–professional partnerships effectively in chronic care management.

CLINICALTRIAL
Answering hospital caregivers’ questions at any time: proof of concept of an artificial intelligence-based chatbot in a French hospital (Preprint)
Authors: Daniel Thomas , de Chevigny Alix , Champrigaud Adeline , Valette Julie , Sitbon Marine , Jardin Meryam , Chevalier Delphine , Renet Sophie
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Access to accurate information in health is a key point for caregivers to avoid medication errors, especially with the reorganization of staff and drugs circuits during health crises such as COVID 19. It is therefore the role of the hospital pharmacy to answer caregivers’ questions. Some may require the expertise of a pharmacist, some should be answered by pharmacy technicians, but others are simple and redundant, and automated responses may be given.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed at developing and implementing a chatbot to answer questions from hospital caregivers, 24 hours a day, about drugs and pharmacy organization, and evaluated this tool.

METHODS

The ADDIE model: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation, was used by a multi-professional team composed of 3 hospital pharmacists, 2 members of the Innovation and Transformation Department, and the Information Technology (IT) service provider. Based on an analysis of the caregivers’ needs about drugs and pharmacy organization, we designed and developed a chatbot. The tool was then evaluated before the implementation into the hospital intranet. Its relevance and conversations with testers were monitored via the IT provider’s back office.

RESULTS

Needs analysis with 5 hospital pharmacists and 33 caregivers from 5 health services allowed us to identify 7 themes about drugs and pharmacy organization (such as opening hours and specific prescriptions). After a year of chatbot design and development, the test version obtained good evaluation scores: its speed was rated 8.2/10, usability 8.1/10, and appearance 7.5/10. Testers were generally satisfied (70%) and were hoping for the content to be enhanced.

CONCLUSIONS

The chatbot seems to be a relevant tool for hospital caregivers, helping them to get reliable and verified information they need on drugs and pharmacy organization. In the context of significant mobility of nursing staff during the health crisis due to COVID-19, the chatbot could be a suitable tool for transmitting relevant information related to drugs circuits or specific procedures. To our knowledge, this is the first time that such a tool has been designed for caregivers. Its development further continued by means of tests conducted with other users such as pharmacy technicians, and via the integration of additional data, before the implementation on the two hospital sites.
Interactive conversational agents for health promotion, prevention, and care: A mixed methods systematic scoping review protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Sasseville Maxime , Barony S. Romina H. , Yameogo Achille R. , Bergeron-Drolet Laurie-Ann , Bergeron Frédéric , Gagnon Marie-Pierre
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Interactive conversational agents, also known as “chatbots”, are computer programs that use natural language processing to engage in conversations with humans to provide or to collect information. Although the literature on the development and use of chatbots for health interventions is growing, there are still important knowledge gaps that remain, such as identifying design aspects relevant to healthcare and functions to offer transparency in decision making automation.

OBJECTIVE

To identify and categorize the current interactive conversational agents used in healthcare.

METHODS

A mixed methods systematic scoping review will be conducted according to the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the guidance of Peters et al. for systematic scoping reviews. A specific search strategy will be formulated for five of the most relevant databases to identify studies published in the last 20 years. Two reviewers will independently apply the inclusion criteria using the full texts and extract the data.

RESULTS

We will use structured narrative summaries of main themes to present a portrait of the current scope of available interactive conversational agents targeting health promotion, prevention, and care. We will also summarize the differences and similarities between the conversational agents.

CONCLUSIONS

This fundamental knowledge will be useful for the development of interactive conversational agents adapted to specific groups in vulnerable situations in healthcare and community settings.
Data Concealment Using Steganography Technique
Authors: Sankpal Apurva , Singh Adarsh , Takalkar Sanket , Varma Shubham , Sayyed Prof. Ayesha
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Visual secret sharing (VSS) systems hide hidden images in shares that are also published on clarity or decrypted and saved in digital form. The shares can seem as noise-like pixels or as meaningful images, but this will raise suspicion and increase the risk of interception during transmission. As a result, VSS schemes face a transmission danger problem for both the secret and the individuals involved in the VSS system. To solve this issue, we presented a new palette-grounded steganography technique that uses a texture with LSB, as well as a natural-image-grounded VSS scheme (NVSS scheme) that shares secret images via colored carrier media to hide the secret and the actors during the transmission phase. To conceal secret messages, we convert the texture conflation process into steganography. Rather than using a being cover image to conceal dispatches, our algorithm conceals the source texture image and embeds hidden dispatches during the printing process. Prints or hand-painted filmland in digital or published form can be used for the natural shares. We also propose possible methods for concealing the secret in order to reduce the transmission threat problem for the share. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is an excellent solution to the transmission threat problem for VSS schemes. Keywords: visual secret sharing (VSS), steganography, natural-image-based VSS scheme (NVSS scheme), OR Code, Palette Based Steganography
PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS IN TERMS OF VALUES EDUCATION
Authors: CEYHAN Mehmet Ali
Published: June 2022

In this study, physical education and sports are discussed in terms of values education. Values are socially expressed as generalized principles of behavior that are accepted as the most correct, best and beneficial in society. Since values are an important part of the daily life of individuals, they affect life deeply. It is a life-long education given in order to enable individuals to acquire and adopt values through values education, to make them the basic element of their personality and to transform them into behavior. In order for the educational environment to be productive, different disciplines must come together. Physical education and sports are considered to be the most important of these disciplines. In the education of individuals, the values that should be protected and needed in the society and physical education and sports should be used effectively. Because physical education and sports offer a new culture with the help of values accepted in the society and an application area for learned values.
Latvijas Republikas Satversme – krimināltiesību sistēmas konstitucionālais pamats
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Krastiņš Uldis
Published: June 2022

The article provides an analysis of the group object in criminal law and its meaning in the formation of the Special Part of the Criminal Law, as well as argumentation of the opinion that the basis of that system – the state, society and human fundamental interests recognized and protected in the Satversme of the Republic of Latvia.
Pasūtītāja atteikšanās no piegādes līguma
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Kārkliņš Jānis
Published: June 2022

The Latvian Civil Law provides for a strict rule regarding the binding force of a contract. The basic rule is that no one has the right to withdraw from the contract due to difficulties in performing the contract at a later date, nor may the withdrawal from the contract take place because the other party is not performing the contract. Thus, the principle of pacta sunt servanda is enshrined in Latvian contract law. However, there are certain provisions in the Civil Law that allow a party to unilaterally withdraw from the contract, if the other party does not comply with it or there are other circumstances that give the right to terminate the contractual relationship, – such as termination of the authorization agreement, early termination of storage, withdrawal from the service agreement in specific cases, etc. Despite the strict regulation regarding the binding force of the contract, there is an article (art. 2108) in the Latvian Civil Law which stipulates that in the case of a supply contract, the customer is entitled to refuse delivery if the circumstances have changed. This right is a unique exception in Latvian contract law, which is additionally supplemented by the customer’s obligation to compensate the supplier for losses. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the historical origins of these exceptions, their rationale, and conclusions as to whether such an exception should be retained in Latvian contract law.
Subordinētās obligācijas – jēdziens un būtība
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Zeņķis Pauls
Published: June 2022

A bond is a debt security, under which its issuer undertakes to repay to the bondholder the principal of the bond and the interest (the coupon) at a specified point in time, that is to be considered as the extinguishing of bonds. Bonds have several types: bonds issued by the public sector, bonds issued by capital companies, publicly available bonds, private bonds, convertible bonds, subordinated bonds, etc. In economic circulation, subordinated bonds are widespread securities. The subordinated obligation in the subordinated bond distinguishes the subordinated bond from other bonds. At the same time, the underlying relationship entails significant risks for the performance of the obligations arising from the bond, which is outweighed by higher profitability of such bonds.
Dzimumneaizskaramība kā Satversmē nostiprināta vērtība un tās aizsardzība Krimināllikumā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Zivtiņa Elīna
Published: June 2022

The article provides an analysis of the term “sexual inviolability”, its protection in the constitution of Latvia (Satversme), as well as in the Criminal Law. The author has analysed sexual inviolability as a constitutional value based on Article 93, Article 94 and Article 96 of Satversme. In the author’s mind, sexual inviolability falls not only under the scope of right to personal inviolability, but also under the right of a person to liberty and security. Likewise, in certain situations a breach of sexual inviolability can be considered as a breach of prohibition of torture or inhuman treatment. Furthermore, the author brings attention to the problematic pertaining to misuse of the term “sexual violence” misusage in the Criminal Law.
Konstitūcijas tiešas piemērojamības princips
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Pleps Jānis
Published: June 2022

The direct application of the Constitution is the very essence of the concept of the Constitution in the Western legal tradition. The Constitution is a real and enforceable legal act with the highest legal force, which is binding for everyone in the legal system. The principle of the direct application of the Constitution is reflected in the Central and Eastern Europe after the collapse of socialistic and Soviet regimes. Here, it was necessary to even formulate it as a written constitutional provision for ensuring of supremacy of the Constitution and rule of law. In case of Latvia, the direct application of the Constitution is self-evident and respected in the legal system. The Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court in few cases have formulated a strict obligation to ensure a direct application of the Constitution and especially the fundamental rights and freedoms.
Kriminālprocesa iepriekšējās izmeklēšanas reformas Krievijas impērijā iemesli, mērķi un perspektīvas 19. gs. 60. gados
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Skutele Signe
Published: June 2022

In the context of police organization, conduct and authority during the 18th and 19th centuries, the approach whereby the police authority conducted preliminary investigations occasioned dissatisfaction, therefore in 1860 several legislative acts were adopted, which changed the procedures for conducting the preliminary investigation of criminal proceedings by introducing a new institute – an investigating judge. The author in this publication has examined the elements of the reform of the public administration and legal system, as well as analysed the reasons for the reform of the preliminary investigation and the establishment of the institute of the investigating judge. The author has drawn conclusions regarding the development of the public administration and legal system of the Russian Empire within the framework of Western legal traditions, focusing on the reasons, objectives, and prospects of the reform of the preliminary investigation in the 19th century.
Theoretical aspects of the phase probe method
Authors: Klyushin E.B. , Kravchuk I.M.
Published: June 2022

The authors discuss theoretical matters inherent in modern algorithms for processing satellite measurements’ data. Using the simplest radio navigation system MPS (abbreviation for Mandelstam, Papaleksi, Schegolev), developed in the USSR in 1936 as an example, it was shown that the main drawback of existing algorithms is that they did not use the mathematical notation of simultaneous registration of phase cycles, and all researchers, without exception, note the importance of these acts. It is proved that the operation of resolving ambiguity is not theoretically justified. It is recommended to record the duration of the measurement session, and it is proved that this can serve as an additional source of information. Based on the studies, a simple, unified, and rigorous algorithm for calculating the coordinates of the points to be determined from the results of registering phase cycles at using the radio navigation system in the phase probe mode is recorded.
Metodología para la orientación de inclusión laboral, productiva y de empredimiento de la población “pimpinera” de Ipiales, Pupiales y Gualmatán
Authors: Gómez Rosero Álvaro Hugo , Gómez Achicanoy Germán Alfredo , Dorado Goyes Jorge Arturo
Published: June 2022

La organización Internacional del Trabajo OIT en convenio con la Universidad Mariana presenta la metodología para orientar la línea de Inclusión laboral y Productiva empresarial de 140 personas como muestra de la población de “Pimpineros” en los municipios de la Frontera con el Ecuador y Colombia, zona andina, Ipiales, Gualmatán y Pupiales.

De esta manera, el proyecto se centró en el diagnóstico y formulación de las acciones para promover la transición de la economía informal a la formal de aquellas personas que se dedican a la distribución de combustible sin los requisitos legales. La población caracterizada mostró interés en el proceso investigativo con expectativa de reconversión laboral, trabajo en comunidad con apoyo de instituciones que faciliten la participación en políticas que estén orientadas al logro de la equidad y la inclusión. Lo anterior, a través del desarrollo de actividades orientadas a la realización de una investigación sobre la población “Pimpinera” a partir de, entre otros ejercicios, la articulación con entidades territoriales y la convocatoria para la focalización en la población que se dedica a la distribución de combustibles líquidos sin observancia de las normas legales.
Upaya Peningkatan Perilaku Ibu Postpartum Melalui Edukasi Family Centered Maternity Care (Fcmc) Tentang Perawatan Masa Postpartum di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gambirsari Surakarta
Authors: Widyastutik Desy , Ernawati Ernawati , Pratiwi Erinda Nur , Wulandari Retno
Published: June 2022

The role of a parent cannot be separated from the participation or cooperation between the mother and the family (husband) and other family members. Barriers that are still found in the care of postpartum mothers are the perception of the community that post partum mothers are sick mothers, their mobility is inhibited, their diet is restricted, colostrum breastfeeding is inhibited so that the needs of post partum mothers are prioritized for full rest. The involvement of extended families in infant care has so far been misunderstood, where baby care is left to other family members.

After efforts to improve the behavior of postpartum mothers through Family Centered Maternity Care (FCMC) education, it is hoped that postpartum mothers can carry out postpartum care by involving their families. Implementation method with demonstration and discussion. The media used are baby phantoms, postpartum care booklets, LCDs, laptops and projectors. The implementation of health education is carried out by home visits by paying attention to health protocols from March 2020 to September 2020.

The result of community service is that 90% of postpartum mothers can provide postpartum care with family involvement. And from the results of monitoring and evaluation by means of meeting again by means of home care to postpartum mothers using instruments related to postpartum care. Based on the implementation of community service, it can be concluded that there is an increase in the behavior of postpartum mothers in postpartum care in the Gambirsari Public Health Center, Surakarta.
Edukasi Gizi Seimbang Dan Pemantauan Status Gizi Anak Usia 0-2 Tahun Pada Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) Desa Bukit Suban Kecamatan Air Hitam Kabupaten Sarolangun
Authors: Ena Sari Rumita , Putri Fitria Eka
Published: June 2022

Good nutritional status of toddlers plays an important role in growth and development, especially during the golden period in the first five years. Poor nutritional status of children under five can have a negative impact on physical and mental growth, decreased body resistance, and a more serious impact is the emergence of disability, high morbidity and accelerated mortality. Based on data from the Jambi Province Dinsosnakertrans (2010), one of the health problems that often occurs in the SAD community is the low nutritional status. Problems of poverty, low levels of education and lack of knowledge in the SAD community make them susceptible to diseases that also have an impact on their nutritional status. Efforts that can be made to improve nutrition improvement programs in remote indigenous communities are to provide education and information to all tribal communities in Bukit Suban Village about the importance of balanced nutrition by making food sources that exist in nature and easy for them to find as examples and then teach how to process them. food so that it can be consumed and still contains good nutritional value. Furthermore, monitoring the nutritional status of toddlers by measuring and weighing the toddler's weight. Based on interviews with people who initially did not know about good balanced nutrition for children, now they know a little and they also know how to use food ingredients that are in their environment and how to process food properly and hygienically. undernutrition by 31.25%
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DAMD, ISSR AND SCOT MOLECULAR MARKERS ON CRYOPRESERVED LUDISIA DISCOLOR AXILLARY BUDS
Authors: Subramaniam Sreeramanan , Selva Rajan Kirutika , Burkhan Hazirah , Lynn Chew Bee , Appalasamy Suganthi , Poobathy Ranjetta
Published: June 2022

Ludisia discolor, a jewel orchid is the only species found under its genus (Ludisia). This wild orchid is well known for its striking foliage and its medicinal benefits. Since the population of this valuable species is becoming scarce, therefore protecting this orchid is crucial. Cryopreservation is a practicable long-term germplasm conservation approach. The genetic material is stored at freezing temperature using liquid nitrogen. In this study, V cryo-plate method was developed using L. discolor axillary buds using optimum conditions. For the screening of somaclonal variation, 3 weeks old treated (cryopreserved and non-cryopreserved) explants were utilized in comparison with the stock cultures as a control. The genetic stability was assessed using a total of twenty (20) DAMD, twenty (20) ISSR, and ten (10) SCoT molecular markers. The somaclonal variation detected in cryopreserved explant using DAMD, ISSR, and SCoT molecular markers were 12.5, 4.17, and 10.53% respectively. However, somaclonal variation was also detected in non-cryopreserved explants using DAMD, ISSR, and SCoT at 6.15, 5.77, and 10%, respectively. Hence, SCoT was chosen to be precise than the other two molecular markers (DAMD and ISSR).
MICROFACIES OF LATE PLEISTOCENE TRAVERTINE DEPOSITS IN JORDAN
Authors: Makhlouf Issa Mohammad , M Ibrahim Khalil , Naqah Ali R El , Al-Thawabteh Sana’ M.
Published: June 2022

The Late Pleistocene travertine outcrops from Deir Alla, Suwayma, and Az Zara were investigated, and their microfacies were identified. The microfacies of the Deir Alla travertines include micrite and spar groundmass, shrubs, crystalline crusts, a stromatolite-like structure, peloids, and cements. Shrub travertine includes spar calcite-coated stems with probably microbial micritic clumps. The crystalline crust travertine displays an alternation of micrite and sparite laminae. The micritic laminae are dark-coloured. Bundles of radial spar crystals are associated locally with micritic groundmass. The crystalline crust developed where biogenic activity is limited. Peloidal microfacies are less than 0.25 mm in diameter, cryptocrystalline, pale-dark green in colour, elliptical to spherical in shape, and usually associated with microorganisms. The microfacies of the Suwayma and Az Zara travertines include crystalline calcite rhombs and other composite scalenohedral crystals. They occur as small anhedral-subhedral crystals, monocrystalline to some polycrystalline, corroded, subrounded, and mainly coated with iron oxide and/or clay minerals. Peloids, ooids, and oncoids are common. They are dark-green coloured, cryptocrystalline to microcrystalline carbonates of spherical and ellipsoidal shape with less than 1 mm in diameter. Rich flora travertines include reed and paper-thin rafts with leaf impressions encrusted on moss cushions. The flora observed in the upper part of the Suwayma section was identified as charophyte oospores (gyrogonites). A few grains of quartz are present as small subhedral-euhedral crystals, monocrystalline, corroded, rounded, and mainly coated with iron oxide. The iron is irregularly distributed among the laminae and voids and is occasionally replaced by carbonates. The described macrophyte encrustation structures probably represent algae, cyanobacteria, or bryophytes. All samples of micrite and spar calcite appear as groundmass.
Do Medical Students Appreciate Lifestyle Medicine and Are They Confident in Their Skills?
Authors: Lessans Spencer , Pasarica Magdalena , Kay Denise
Published: June 2022

Introduction: As the prevalence of chronic diseases increases worldwide, there is a need for educating future physicians in the use of lifestyle medicine to treat and prevent diseases. Any addition to the undergraduate medical curriculum requires a strategic educational approach with consideration for efficiency. This study aims to identify priorities for lifestyle medicine interventions in the undergraduate medical curriculum.
Methods: Third-year medical students (N=115) were surveyed on their beliefs about lifestyle medicine and their confidence in lifestyle medicine skills. The survey consisted of seven items to which students responded with how closely they agreed via a 5-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics were reported.
Results: Most medical students entering their clinical years understand the value of lifestyle medicine in patient care (100%) and want to learn the skills and knowledge involved (98.2%). The value of lifestyle medicine counseling skills during the limited patient-doctor time was least universally acknowledged among third-year medical students (93.9%). Third-year medical students are most confident in being able to obtain a comprehensive lifestyle history (3.6±0.8) and least confident in setting clear, personalized, lifestyle change goals (3.1±0.9).
Conclusion: Future interventions to increase confidence in lifestyle medicine skills should focus on educating students on setting lifestyle change goals, personalizing prescriptions, and motivational interviewing for use in clinical care.
ASSOCIATION OF ADENOTONSILLECTOMY WITH WHEEZING EPISODES IN CHILDHOOD: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF THE CHILDHOOD ADENOTONSILLECTOMY TRIAL
Authors: Rodriguez Jose A. Castro , Beckhaus Andrea , Biancardi Fiorella , Tapia Ignacio
Published: June 2022

Background: Observational studies suggest that asthma/wheezing
improve after adenotonsillectomy (AT). However, there is a paucity of
RCT specifically studying the effects of AT in asthma/wheezing.
Therefore, we conducted a post-hoc analysis of the Childhood
Adenotonsillectomy Trial, the largest RCT of AT in children with
obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to test the hypothesis that AT would
result in fewer wheezing episodes. Methods: In the CHAT study,
464 children with OSA, aged 5 to 9 years, were randomized to early AT
(n=226) or watchful waiting with supportive care (WWSC) (n= 227). For
this post-hoc analysis children were categorized as having “any
wheezing” vs. “no wheezing” at baseline and at 7 months of follow-up.
A multivariate analysis was conducted to evaluate the association
between “any wheezing” at follow-up and treatment group after
controlling for several potential confounders. Results:
Children in the “any wheezing” group were predominantly black, had
more allergic rhinitis, eczema, second-hand smoke exposure, more
siblings and siblings with asthma, lower maternal education and family
income than those in the “no wheezing group”. At baseline, wheezing
characteristics were similar between AT and WWSC arms. At follow-up (at
7 months of the intervention) those in the AT arm had significatively
less wheezing than those in the WWSC (22.4% vs. 43.8%, p=0.00001).
However, the multivariate analysis of “any wheezing” vs. “no
wheezing” at follow-up showed that the treatment arm was not associated
with wheezing. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that AT has
not effect on wheezing at 7 months of follow-up.