bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Co-consumption of Vegetables and Fruit, Whole Grains, and Fiber Reduces the Cancer Risk of Red and Processed Meat in a Large Prospective Cohort of Adults from Alberta’s Tomorrow Project
Authors: Maximova Katerina , Khodayari Moez Elham , Dabravolskaj Julia , Ferdinands Alexa R. , Dinu Irina , Lo Siou Geraldine , Al Rajabi Ala , Veugelers Paul J.
Published: July 2020

We examined whether co-consumption of red and processed meat with key foods items and food constituents recommended for cancer prevention (vegetables and fruit, whole grains, and fiber) mitigates cancer incidence. In a prospective cohort of 26,218 adults aged 35–69 years at baseline, dietary intake was collected through 124-item past-year food frequency questionnaire. Incidence of all-cause and 15 cancers previously linked to red and processed meat intake was obtained through data linkage with a cancer registry (average follow-up 13.5 years). Competing risk Cox Proportional Hazard models estimated cancer risk and Accelerated Failure Time models estimated time-to-cancer occurrence for different combinations of intake levels while considering mortality from vital statistics and established confounders. Co-consumption of low vegetables and fruit intake with high processed meat was associated with higher incidence of all-cause and 15 cancers (men: HR = 1.85, 1.91; women: HR = 1.44, 1.49) and accelerated time-to-cancer occurrence (men: 6.5 and 7.1 years and women: 5.6 and 6.3 years, respectively), compared to high vegetables and fruit with low processed meat intake. Less pronounced and less consistent associations were observed for whole grains and fiber and for red meat. The findings provide initial evidence toward refining existing cancer prevention recommendations to optimize the intake and combination of foods in the general adult population.
Synbiotic Effect of Bifidobacterium lactis CNCM I-3446 and Bovine Milk-Derived Oligosaccharides on Infant Gut Microbiota
Authors: Marsaux Benoît , Van den Abbeele Pieter , Ghyselinck Jonas , Prioult Guénolée , Marzorati Massimo , Bogićević Biljana
Published: July 2020

Background: This study evaluated the impact of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis CNCM I-3446, Bovine Milk-derived OligoSaccharides (BMOS) and their combination on infant gut microbiota in vitro. In addition, a novel strategy consisting of preculturing B. lactis with BMOS to further enhance their potential synbiotic effects was assessed. Method: Short-term fecal batch fermentations (48 h) were used to assess the microbial composition and activity modulated by BMOS alone, B. lactis grown on BMOS or dextrose alone, or their combinations on different three-month-old infant microbiota. Results: BMOS alone significantly induced acetate and lactate production (leading to pH decrease) and stimulated bifidobacterial growth in 10 donors. A further in-depth study on two different donors proved B. lactis ability to colonize the infant microbiota, regardless of the competitiveness of the environment. BMOS further enhanced this engraftment, suggesting a strong synbiotic effect. This was also observed at the microbiota activity level, especially in a donor containing low initial levels of bifidobacteria. In this donor, preculturing B. lactis with BMOS strengthened further the early modulation of microbiota activity observed after 6 h. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the strong synbiotic effect of BMOS and B. lactis on the infant gut microbiota, and suggests a strategy to improve its effectiveness in an otherwise low-Bifidobacterium microbiota.
Postprandial Metabolic Response to Rapeseed Protein in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Volk Christin , Brandsch Corinna , Schlegelmilch Ulf , Wensch-Dorendorf Monika , Hirche Frank , Simm Andreas , Gargum Osama , Wiacek Claudia , Braun Peggy G. , Kopp Johannes F. , Schwerdtle Tanja , Treede Hendrik , Stangl Gabriele I.
Published: July 2020

Plant proteins have become increasingly important for ecological reasons. Rapeseed is a novel source of plant proteins with high biological value, but its metabolic impact in humans is largely unknown. A randomized, controlled intervention study including 20 healthy subjects was conducted in a crossover design. All participants received a test meal without additional protein or with 28 g of rapeseed protein isolate or soy protein isolate (control). Venous blood samples were collected over a 360-min period to analyze metabolites; satiety was assessed using a visual analog scale. Postprandial levels of lipids, urea, and amino acids increased following the intake of both protein isolates. The postprandial insulin response was lower after consumption of the rapeseed protein than after intake of the soy protein (p < 0.05), whereas the postmeal responses of glucose, lipids, interleukin-6, minerals, and urea were comparable between the two protein isolates. Interestingly, the rapeseed protein exerted stronger effects on postprandial satiety than the soy protein (p < 0.05). The postmeal metabolism following rapeseed protein intake is comparable with that of soy protein. The favorable effect of rapeseed protein on postprandial insulin and satiety makes it a valuable plant protein for human nutrition.
New Approaches to ‘Converts’ and ‘Conversion’ in Africa: An Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Bruner Jason , Hurlbut David Dmitri
Published: July 2020

It is our goal in this special issue on “Religious Conversion in Africa” to examine the limitations of a long-standing bias toward Christianity with respect to the study of “conversion.” Furthermore, we want to use this issue to prime other scholarly approaches to cultural change on the continent, beginning as early as the medieval period, including the colonial and early postcolonial eras, and extending to the contemporary. There are several reasons for making these interventions. One is the emergence of the anthropology of Christianity as a scholarly literature and sub-discipline. This literature has often focused on issues of religious change in relation to its own predilection for charismatic and Pentecostal expressions of Christianity and the distinct characteristics of cultural discontinuity within those communities. Another reason for this special issue on religious “conversion” in Africa is the relative lack of studies that engage with religious change beyond Pentecostal, charismatic, and evangelical Protestant contexts. As such, studies on the “conversion” of Ahmadi in West Africa, medieval Ethiopian women, Mormons in twentieth-century southeastern Nigeria, and Orthodox Christians in Uganda are included, as is a fascinating case of what it means to “trod the path” of Rastafari in Ghana. Taken together, these contributions suggest new and important paths forward with respect to “conversion,” including critiquing and perhaps even discarding the term in certain contexts. Ultimately, we want these articles to illuminate the many ways that Africans across the continent have engaged (and continue to engage) with beliefs, practices, ideas, and communities—including the changes they make in their own lives and in the lives of those communities.
High-Precision Plane Detection Method for Rock-Mass Point Clouds Based on Supervoxel
Authors: Yu Dongbo , Xiao Jun , Wang Ying
Published: July 2020

In respect of rock-mass engineering, the detection of planar structures from the rock-mass point clouds plays a crucial role in the construction of a lightweight numerical model, while the establishment of high-quality models relies on the accurate results of surface analysis. However, the existing techniques are barely capable to segment the rock mass thoroughly, which is attributed to the cluttered and unpredictable surface structures of the rock mass. This paper proposes a high-precision plane detection approach for 3D rock-mass point clouds, which is effective in dealing with the complex surface structures, thus achieving a high level of detail in detection. Firstly, the input point cloud is fast segmented to voxels using spatial grids, while the local coplanarity test and the edge information calculation are performed to extract the major segments of planes. Secondly, to preserve as much detail as possible, supervoxel segmentation instead of traditional region growing is conducted to deal with scattered points. Finally, a patch-based region growing strategy applicable to rock mass is developed, while the completed planes are obtained by merging supervoxel patches. In this paper, an artificial icosahedron point cloud and four rock-mass point clouds are applied to validate the performance of the proposed method. As indicated by the experimental results, the proposed method can make high-precision plane detection achievable for rock-mass point clouds while ensuring high recall rate. Furthermore, the results of both qualitative and quantitative analyses evidence the superior performance of our algorithm.
Acoustics for Supportive and Healthy Buildings: Emerging Themes on Indoor Soundscape Research
Authors: Torresin Simone , Aletta Francesco , Babich Francesco , Bourdeau Ethan , Harvie-Clark Jack , Kang Jian , Lavia Lisa , Radicchi Antonella , Albatici Rossano
Published: July 2020

The focus of the building industry and research is shifting from delivering satisfactory spaces to going beyond what is merely acceptable with a wave of new research and practice dedicated to exploring how the built environment can support task performance and enhance people’s health and well-being. The present study addresses the role of acoustics in this paradigm shift. Indoor soundscape research has recently emerged as an approach that brings a perceptual perspective on building and room acoustics in order to shape built environments that “sound good” according to building occupants’ preference and needs. This paper establishes an initial discussion over some of the open questions in this field of research that is still in an embryonic stage. A thematic analysis of structured interviews with a panel of experts offered a range of perspectives on the characterization, management, and design of indoor soundscapes and health-related outcomes. The discussion pointed out the importance of both perceptual and multisensory research and integrated participatory design practices to enable a holistic view regarding the complex building–user interrelations and the design of just cities. Soundscape methodologies tailored to the peculiarities of indoor soundscapes can help to measure and predict the human perceptual response to the acoustic stimuli in context, thus reducing the risk of mismatches between expected and real building experiences. This perceptual perspective is expected to widen the scientific evidence for the negative and positive impacts of the acoustic environment on human health, well-being, and quality of life. This will support prioritizing the role of acoustics in building design and challenge many current design practices that are based on a noise control approach.
The Influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Social Media on the Strategy Formulation Process
Authors: Bowen Gordon , Appiah Dominic , Okafor Sebastian
Published: July 2020

The current theory on strategy formulation is based significantly on environmental analysis and leveraging strategic capability. There is limited understanding of how corporate social responsibility (CSR) and social media strategies could develop the strategy formulation to improve strategic outcomes. The input into the strategic formulation process does not tend to take account of customers’ inclination for CSR practices and policies. This is particularly important for consumers who can spurn organisations that do not incorporate ethical practices in their core values. The paper aims to show that social media is an inclusive tool, because of the duplex communication techniques that enhance it, and CSR is complementary to building a robust strategic planning process. The methodology is a qualitative case study using a reflective perspective based on a complete participant role. The results demonstrate that there are challenges in operating a strategic planning process that is situated in an uncertain, volatile and dynamic business environment; it requires an integrated partnership between the inter-organisational actors and other stakeholders. Social media is the integrator of resources and CSR helps to build relationships, acting as a reinforcer of trust.
Territorial Management and Governance, Regional Public Policies and their Relationship with Tourism. A Case Study of the Azores Autonomous Region
Authors: Castanho Rui Alexandre , Couto Gualter , Pimentel Pedro , Carvalho Célia Barreto , Sousa Áurea
Published: July 2020

Bearing in mind the growth in regions with socio-economic bases dependent on tourism, studies that analyze spatial planning processes, regional public policies, and their relationship with tourism activities are essential to achieve the so-desired sustainable territorial development. Through case study research methods, territorial impact analysis, and questionnaires to explore the public perceptions, it was possible to design and implement a study regarding this specific regional governance theme on the Azores Autonomous Region (AAR). The research allowed us to learn that the most affected activities by public territorial policies in the AAR from the respondents’ perspective were accommodation (54.7%) and nature (51.9%). Conversely, the less affected were culture (15.1%) and rental/hire services (17.9). Furthermore, it was possible to identify two factors that rule public policies on the growth and development of the Azores: (i) impact in the natural landscape and (ii) suitable production factors.
Non-Financial Information Disclosure in Italian Public Interest Companies: A Sustainability Reporting Perspective
Authors: Gazzola Patrizia , Pezzetti Roberta , Amelio Stefano , Grechi Daniele
Published: July 2020

The paper aims at investigating the impact of UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030 on Italian “public interest entities” both in term of approaches to non-financial disclosure and on business strategies. The analysis focuses on the investigation of the relationships between the 17 SDGs and the set of non-financial information defined in bont the EU Directive 2014/95/EU and the related Italian L.D. n. 254 of 30 December 2016. SDGs has been significantly analysed in the literature, considering the effects on sustainability policies adopted by the States, but little attention has been paid to the policies adopted by companies. The awareness of companies towards the business implication connected to the achievemt of these goals translate into a new conscientious path, in compliance with sustainability standards. In this framework, the paper investigates the entire population of Italian companies subject to the publishing of non-financial information disclosure, with the exclusion of banks and insurance companies. For each company under investigation, two kinds of analysis are presented: (1) firstly, the company’s level of sustainability derived from the company website; (2) the approach in pursuing the 17 SDGs. The overall results are quite comforting in term of companies’ sustainability aptitude. Over the years, Italian public interest entities have implemented active policies linked to the achievement of some specific goals, in compliance with the Italian legislation, although divergences still emerge among the Italian areas, as a result of cultural differences that still exist and affect companies’ approaches to sustainability issues. In this regard, the results of the analysis are interesting for government authorities to regulat the pursuit of sustainability goals.
How and Why the Metric Management Model Is Unsustainable: The Case of Spanish Universities from 2005 to 2020
Authors: Jódar Lucas , De la Poza Elena
Published: July 2020

The metric management model is a method based on quantitative indicators called metrics and is used to evaluate individuals and organizations. Organizations’ sustainability is related to risk and expectation concepts and both are, in turn, related to the metric management model (MMM). The main objective of the present research work is to analyze the MMM applied to the Spanish university system (SUS) and the propagation of its consequences. The secondary objective is to study alternatives to the metric management system applied to the SUS to avoid its negative socio-economic consequences. Our results reveal how applying the MMM to the SUS, based on the metric evaluation and the ranking monitor model, deteriorates research quality, students’ levels of education and working people’s well-being at university. Finally, university managerial boards, teased with the “mirror” of university rankings and the picture a simulacrum of reality, are still unaware of the damage.
Assessing Sustainable Mobility Measures Applying Multicriteria Decision Making Methods
Authors: Damidavičius Jonas , Burinskienė Marija , Antuchevičienė Jurgita
Published: July 2020

An increasing number of recent discussions have focused on the need for designing transport systems in consonance with the importance of the environment, thus promoting investment in the growth of non-motorized transport infrastructure. Under such conditions, the demand for implementing the most effective infrastructure measures has a profoundly positive impact, and requires the least possible financial and human resources. The development of the concept of sustainable mobility puts emphasis on the integrated planning of transport systems, and pays major attention to the expansion of non-motorized and public transport, and different sharing systems, as well as to effective traffic management involving intelligent transport systems. The development of transport infrastructure requires massive investment, and hence the proper use of mobility measures is one of the most important objectives for the rational planning of sustainable transport systems. To achieve this established goal, this article examines a compiled set of mobility measures and identifies the significance of the preferred tools, which involve sustainable mobility experts. The paper also applies multicriteria decision making methods in assessing urban transport systems and their potential in terms of sustainable mobility. Multicriteria decision making methods have been successfully used for assessing the effectiveness of sustainable transport systems, and for comparing them between cities. The proposed universal evaluation model is applied to similar types of cities. The article explores the adaptability of the model by assessing big Lithuanian cities.
Educational Sustainability through Big Data Assimilation to Quantify Academic Procrastination Using Ensemble Classifiers
Authors: Abidi Syed Muhammad Raza , Zhang Wu , Haidery Saqib Ali , Rizvi Sanam Shahla , Riaz Rabia , Ding Hu , Kwon Se Jin
Published: July 2020

Ubiquitous online learning is continuing to expand, and the factors affecting success and educational sustainability need to be quantified. Procrastination is one of the compelling characteristics that students observe as a failure to achieve the weaker outcomes. Past studies have mainly assessed the behaviors of procrastination by describing explanatory work. Throughout this research, we concentrate on predictive measures to identify and forecast procrastinator students by using ensemble machine learning models (i.e., Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Gradient Boosting, and Forest). Our results indicate that the Gradient Boosting autotuned is a predictive champion model of high precision compared to the other default and hyper-parameterized tuned models in the pipeline. The accuracy we enumerated for the VALIDATION partition dataset is 91.77 percent, based on the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistics. Additionally, our model allows teachers to monitor each procrastinator student who interacts with the web-based e-learning platform and take corrective action on the next day of the class. The earlier prediction of such procrastination behaviors would assist teachers in classifying students before completing the task, homework, or mastery of a skill, which is useful and a path to developing a sustainable atmosphere for education or education for sustainable development.
Stakeholder Protection, Public Trust, and Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from Listed SMEs in China
Authors: Hou Xiaohui , Wang Bo , Gao Yu
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we investigate the effects of stakeholder protection and public trust on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities of listed enterprises on the Chinese Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) Board. We find that the degree of stakeholder protection has a significantly positive impact on SME CSR activities. The public trust is not associated with SME CSR disclosure significantly; it has a significantly negative impact on the SME implementation levels of CSR activities. Furthermore, the moderating effect of public trust on the relationship between the degree of stakeholder protection and SME CSR activities is not supported by our empirical study.
Development of the Teacher Digital Competence Validation of DigCompEdu Check-In Questionnaire in the University Context of Andalusia (Spain)
Authors: Cabero-Almenara Julio , Gutiérrez-Castillo Juan-Jesús , Palacios-Rodríguez Antonio , Barroso-Osuna Julio
Published: July 2020

We are currently witnessing a moment in history in which sustainable education practices are being principally modified by the proliferation of technologies and their wider use in every level of society, which makes necessary their integration into education contexts. This is found in the crosshairs of different institutions, which propose a series of competency frameworks, such as DigCompEdu. This framework provides suggestions for the competences that educators should be trained on under pedagogic-didactic criteria. The present work intends to measure the reliability and validity of the questionnaire DigCompEdu Check-In with the participation of 2262 professors from different public Andalusian universities. The known-groups method was utilized to elucidate if the tool is able or not to discriminate different variables of interest between known groups. The study reveals that the instrument has high indices of reliability, globally, and in the different dimensions that comprise it. Furthermore, it verifies that the instrument is sufficiently robust to discriminate the subjects who are clearly differentiated by variables related with technology. Along this line, the recommendation is given to continue working on the creation of new instruments focused on the mastery of this competency.
Host Transcriptional Response to Persistent Infection with a Live-Attenuated Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain
Authors: Chaudhari Jayeshbhai , Liew Chia-Sin , Workman Aspen M. , Riethoven Jean-Jack M. , Steffen David , Sillman Sarah , Vu Hiep L. X.
Published: July 2020

Both virulent and live-attenuated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains can establish persistent infection in lymphoid tissues of pigs. To investigate the mechanisms of PRRSV persistence, we performed a transcriptional analysis of inguinal lymphoid tissue collected from pigs experimentally infected with an attenuated PRRSV strain at 46 days post infection. A total of 6404 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected of which 3960 DEGs were upregulated and 2444 DEGs were downregulated. Specifically, genes involved in innate immune responses and chemokines and receptors associated with T-cell homing to lymphoid tissues were down regulated. As a result, homing of virus-specific T-cells to lymphoid tissues seems to be ineffective, evidenced by the lower frequencies of virus-specific T-cell in lymphoid tissue than in peripheral blood. Genes associated with T-cell exhaustion were upregulated. Likewise, genes involved in the anti-apoptotic pathway were upregulated. Collectively, the data suggested that the live-attenuated PRRSV strain establishes a pro-survival microenvironment in lymphoid tissue by suppressing innate immune responses, T-cell homing, and preventing cell apoptosis.
Metagenomics of Neotropical Single-Stranded DNA Viruses in Tomato Cultivars with and without the Ty-1 Gene
Authors: de Nazaré Almeida dos Reis Luciane , Fonseca Maria Esther de Noronha , Ribeiro Simone Graça , Naito Fernanda Yuri Borges , Boiteux Leonardo Silva , Pereira-Carvalho Rita de Cássia
Published: July 2020

A complex of begomoviruses (Geminiviridae) can cause severe tomato yield losses in the neotropics. Here, next-generation sequencing was employed for large-scale assessment of single-stranded (ss)DNA virus diversity in tomatoes either harboring or lacking the large-spectrum begomovirus tolerance Ty-1 gene. Individual leaf samples exhibiting begomovirus-like symptoms (n = 107) were field-collected, circular DNA-enriched, subdivided into pools (with and without Ty-1), and Illumina-sequenced. Virus-specific PCR and Sanger dideoxy sequencing validations confirmed 15 distinct ssDNA virus/subviral agents (occurring mainly in mixed infections), which highlight the potential drawbacks of employing virus-specific resistance in tomato breeding. More viruses (14 versus 6 species) were observed in tomatoes without the Ty-1 gene. A gemycircularvirus (Genomoviridae), a new alpha-satellite, and two novel Begomovirus species were identified exclusively in samples without the Ty-1 gene. A novel begomovirus was found only in the Ty-1 pool, being the only species associated with severe symptoms in Ty-1 plants in our survey. Our work is the first step towards the elucidation of the potential begomovirus adaptation to Ty-1 and its specific filtering effects on a subset of ssDNA viral/subviral agents.
Investigation of the effectiveness of dehydrated corneal collagen barriers on corneal defects: An experimental rabbit model
Authors: KİBAR KURT Büşra , BELGE Ali
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of collagen shield on epithelial wound healing in rabbit eyes. Adult New Zealand Albino rabbits were used in the study. All surgical procedures were carried out under general anesthesia. Superficial keratectomies of 6 mm in diameter were created in 40 eyes of 20 rabbits and they were separated into 3 groups as the control (CN), medical treatment (CA) and collagen barrier (CB) groups. In the CN group, 6 rabbits received 0.9% NaCl drops. In the CA group, 7 rabbits received ciprofloxacin and acetylcysteine. In the CB group, a collagen shield was placed on corneal defect for 72 hours in 7 rabbits. Central corneal thickness was measured using an ultrasound pachymeter. Corneal thickness was determined before and at 72 and 96 hours after surgery. There was a significant increase (CA group: P<0.01, CB group: P<0.001) in corneal thickness at 72 hours. The wound size was evaluated immediately after the surgery, then at 72 and 96 hours. There was a significantly greater healing response in the collagen shield group (P<0.001) compared to the other groups. The earlier wound closure in the CB group may be due to protection and lubrication of the epithelial cells in the margins of the fresh wound. These findings suggest that the collagen shield may be useful when treating corneal surface conditions in which de-epithelialization is a component.
Factors affecting patient recruitment to trials: qualitative research in general practice
Authors: van den Brink Marian J , Hummel Monique , Lemstra Marrit , Berger Marjolein Y , Dekker Janny H , Blanker Marco H
Published: July 2020

Background

Patient recruitment to clinical research is often challenging and, when inadequate, can result in delayed or underpowered studies. Recruitment problems were experienced during a study of women with heavy menstrual bleeding in general practice (the MIRA trial). Although efforts were made to reduce the burden of the study for those participating, patient recruitment was still an issue.

Aim

To identify the barriers and facilitators associated with patient recruitment to clinical trials, as experienced by GPs.

Design & setting

A qualitative study was performed in Dutch general practice, using semi-structured interviews.

Method

GPs participating in the MIRA trial were selected by purposive sampling and interviewed until saturation was reached. Three independent researchers performed data coding and thematic analysis. Consensus on the identified themes was reached by discussion among the researchers.

Results

Sixteen GPs were interviewed. The following factors were noted to influence recruitment: the incidence of the disease under study; awareness of the study; attitude towards scientific research; perceived burden for the patient; usual care by the GP; time investment; characteristics of the GP and their practice; and patient experience of research participation.

Conclusion

The identified barriers and facilitators associated with patient recruitment highlight the areas in which future studies can be improved. Indeed, benefits could be gained by simply ensuring that study procedures are clear, by requiring limited (time) investment from the GP, and by investing in personal communication and reminders to keep the GP motivated and interested. Placing greater importance on scientific research during the GP training programme could also serve as a means to motivate future GPs to integrate scientific research in their clinical practice.
AYDIN KARACASU’DA BİR UŞŞÂKÎ ŞEYHİ: ŞÂİR YEMEZ-ZÂDE SÜLEYMAN RÜŞDÎ VE BİLİNMEYEN ESERLERİ
Authors: Şengün Necdet
Published: July 2020

Merkezden oldukça uzak bir bölgede, Aydın ili
Karacasu ilçesinde yetişen önemli mutasavvıf şâirlerden biri de Yemez-zâde
nâmıyla tanınan şâir Süleyman Rüşdî’dir. Süleyman Rüşdî, sadece merkezde
yetişenleri esas alarak oluşturulacak edebiyat tarihlerine neden itibar
etmememiz gerektiğini açıklarcasına, dikkatlerden kaçmış, kuvvetli şâirlik
yeteneğine sâhip bir mutasavvıftır. Aristokrat bir aileye mensup olmasına
rağmen, ezilenlerin yanında yer alışı, bu sebeple önce şakî olup daha sonra velîliğeintisâbı,
aslında onun ruhundaki rikkat ve zerâfete bir işaret mesabesindedir. Bir
müellif veya şâiri, kendi söyleyip yazdıkları üzerinden takip etmek daha doğru
neticelere ulaşmamızı sağlar. Bu bağlamda öncelikle ele aldığımız müellif veya
şâirin bütün eserlerini önümüze koymamız gerekir. Bu yapılmadan ikinci, üçüncü
el kaynaklar üzerinden meseleyi takip etmek, çoğu zaman hakîkatten uzaklaşmayı
beraberinde getirir. Biz de bu minvalde Yemez-zâde Süleyman Rüşdî’nin daha
önceki çalışmalarda tanıtılmayan hatta hiç bahsedilmeyen eserlerini bu makalede
ortaya koymayı hedeflemekteyiz.
HİKÂYENİN İZİNİ SÜRMEK: NASREDDİN HOCA ve MEVLÂNÂ'DAN HAMMURABİ YASALARINA METİNLERARASI BİR YOLCULUK
Authors: Özağaç Mustafa
Published: July 2020

Nasreddin
Hoca fıkraları üzerinden yapılan bilimsel çalışmalara sadece edebiyat sahasında
değil; başka disiplinlerde de rastlanabilmektedir. Ancak Nasreddin Hoca fıkrası
olarak örnek gösterilen bir anlatı, başka bir hikâyenin dönüşerek Nasreddin
Hoca adına bağlanmasıyla oluşmuş olabilir. Nasreddin Hoca’ya atfedilen
fıkraların ayıklanarak gerçekten ona ait olanların ortaya çıkarılması, edebiyat
araştırmacıları tarafından üzerinde tartışılagelen bir konudur.

Bu
makale, Mevlânâ’nın Mesnevî'sinde anlatılan bir hikâyenin Nasreddin Hoca
fıkrasına dönüşmüş olabileceğini iddia ederek konuya yaklaşmaktadır. Söz konusu
incelemede yararlanılan yapısalcı analiz yöntemi ise Mesnevî’deki hikâyenin
kökenine dair beklenmedik ufuklar açmakta, söz konusu hikâyenin aslında Bakara
Suresi’nde anlatılan Hz. Musa zamanındaki inek kesme hadisesinin bir tefsiri
olduğu düşüncesine bizi ulaştırmaktadır. Klasik şerh metodu dışında kalan
yapısalcı yaklaşım, hikâyelerdeki ortak unsurların tespitinde ve dolayısıyla hikâyelerin
kökeninin araştırmasında kullanılabilecek bir analiz çeşididir ve Nasreddin
Hoca fıkralarının kökenini tespite ya da Mesnevî’deki hikâyelerin mahiyetini
anlamaya katkı sağlayabilir.
BEDEN MUAYENESİ, VÜCUTTAN BİYOLOJİK ÖRNEK ALMA, MOLEKÜLER GENETİK İNCELEME VE DNA VERİLERİNİN MUHAFAZASI İŞLEMLERİYLE İLGİLİ RIZA VE YETKİ SORUNLARI ÜZERİNE HUKUKİ DEĞERLENDİRMELER
Authors: ÖZGENÇ İzzet
Published: July 2020

Maddi gerçeğin araştırılmasının ve ortaya çıkarılmasının, bilimsel yöntemlerle ve bilimsel verilere dayalı olarak icrasının taşıdığı önem kadar, bu amaçla kişilerin bedeni üzerinde muayene yapılabilmesinin, kişilerin vücudundan biyolojik örnekler alınabilmesinin, bu örnekler üzerinde bilimsel inceleme yapılabilmesinin ve bu inceleme sonucunda elde edilen verilerin muhafazasının insan haklarıyla ilişkisi itibarıyla da sorunlarla karşı karşıya bulunmaktayız.
Maddi gerçeğin araştırılması uğuna özellikle iç beden muayenesine tabi tutulmasıyla kişinin sağlığı bakımından tehlike oluşması, kişinin özel (cinsel) hayatının gizliliğinin ortadan kaldırılması, vücuttan alınan biyolojik örnekler üzerinde yapılan moleküler genetik inceleme sonuçlarının (DNA verilerinin) muhafazası bağlamında önemli hukuki sorunlar ortaya çıkmaktadır
Bu işlemler bağlamında ilgilinin rızasının hukuki değer taşıyıp taşımadığı, kişinin rıza göstermemesine rağmen bu işlemlerin yapılabilirliği, bu işlemlerin herhangi bir hak ihlaline mahal vermeden hukuk zemininde yapılabilmesi bakımından kimlerin ne ölçüde yetkili olduğu hususlarına açıklık getirmek gerekmektedir.
Konunun kişi hak ve hürriyetleriyle sıkı ilişkisi dolayısıyla, Türkiye’nini taraf olduğu milletlerarası anlaşmalardan kaynaklanan yükümlülükleri dikkate alınarak, mevzuatımızda kişinin vücudundan biyolojik örnek alınması, alınan biyolojik örnekler üzerinde inceleme yapılması ve tespit edilen bilimsel verilerin somut bir uyuşmazlık bağlamında delil olarak kullanılması ile ilgili karar ve işlem süreçleri, ayrıntılı bir şekilde düzenlenmiştir.
Bu çalışma, söz konusu düzenlemelerin rıza ve yetki bağlamındaki hükümlerine yönelik ve keza, eksik kalan yönlerine işaret zımnında açıklamalar içermektedir.
DÖVİZ CİNSİNDEN VEYA DÖVİZE ENDEKSLİ SÖZLEŞME YAPMA ÖZGÜRLÜĞÜNÜN YÜRÜTMENİN DÜZENLEYİCİ İŞLEMLERİYLE SINIRLANDIRILMASI SORUNU
Authors: KAĞITÇIOĞLU Mutlu
Published: July 2020

1567 sayılı Türk Parasının Kıymetini Koruma Hakkında Kanun, Kanun’un yürürlük amacıyla bağlantılı olarak, yürütme organına sınırsız ve çok geniş kapsamlı bir yetki vermiştir. 1567 sayılı Kanun ile yürütme organına verilen geniş düzenleme yetkisi, Türk Parası Kıymetini Koruma Hakkında 32 sayılı Karar ile somutlaşmıştır. 32 sayılı Karar’ın 4. maddesine, 12.09.2018 tarihli ve 85 sayılı Cumhurbaşkanı Kararı ile yeni bir paragraf eklenmiştir. Değişiklikle, bakanlıkça belirlenen haller dışında, Türkiye’de yerleşik kişilerin belirli sözleşmeleri döviz cinsinden veya dövize endeksli olarak yapması sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu değişiklikten sonra ilgili bakanlık tarafından iki tebliğ çıkarılmıştır. Kamuoyunda oldukça tartışma yaratan bu düzenleyici işlemler, sözleşme özgürlüğünün sınırlandırılması ile ilgili eleştirilere uğramıştır. Çalışmada, yürütmenin düzenleyici işlemleri ile sözleşme özgürlüğüne bir sınır getirilip getirilemeyeceği incelenmektedir. Bu çerçevede, yapılan düzenlemelerin hukuka uygunluğu, idare hukuku boyutuyla değerlendirilmiştir.
2547 SAYILI YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM KANUNU M. 13/B-4 HÜKMÜ UYARINCA YAPILAN GÖREVLENDİRMELERİN HUKUKİ TAHLİLİ
Authors: EVREN Çınar Can
Published: July 2020

Rektör, üniversitenin en üst hiyerarşik amiri olup hiyerarşi yetkisine sahiptir. Hiyerarşi yetkisi, amire astlarının statüsü ve işlemleri üzerinde kullanılabilecek yetkiler bahşeder. Bu yetkilerden biri de astın görevinde ve görev yerinde değişiklik yapma yetkisidir. 2547 sayılı Yükseköğretim Kanunu m. 13/b-4’de rektörlere gerekli gördüğü hallerde üniversite personelinin görev ve görev yerlerini değiştirmek yetkisi tanınmıştır. Madde uyarınca rektörlerin bu yetkisini kullanması için görev ve yer değişikliğini gerekli görmesi yeterlidir. Ancak ast üzerinde önemli sonuçlar doğuracak bu yetkinin kamu yararı ve hizmet gerekleri doğrultusunda kullanılması gerekli olup, bu açıdan rektörlerin takdir yetkilerinin sınırsız olduğu söylenemez. Bu makalede öncelikle 2547 sayılı Kanun m. 13/b-4 hükmünün rektörlere tanıdığı yetkinin niteliği tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Daha sonra, Danıştay içtihatları ile oluşan ve yetkinin kullanımının hukuka uygun olması için lazım gelen şartlara değinilecek ve son olarak da yetkinin kullanımının doğurduğu hukuki sonuçlar (kazanılmış hak doğurup doğurmadığı gibi) anlatılmaya çalışılacaktır.
TÜRK İDARE HUKUKUNDA “SAKLI YETKİ” KAVRAMINA KISA BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: ÖZTOPRAK Sezin
Published: July 2020

Türk idare hukukunda, saklı yetki kavramı çok fazla kullanılan bir kavram değildir. Bununla birlikte, uygulamada idarenin, hukuk kuralında yer almayan bazı yetkileri kullanabileceği ya da hukuk kuralında yer alan kurallar geniş yorumlanarak, kuralda yer alan yetkiden başka yetkileri de kullanabileceği kabul edilmektedir. Bu durum ise, bir yandan kanuni idare ilkesi ile çelişki içinde; diğer yandan kamu hizmetinin asli sahibi ve sorumlusu olan idare açısından zorunlu görünmektedir. Türk idare hukuku açısından saklı yetki kavramına genel hatlarıyla dokunma amacıyla yapılmış olan bu çalışmada da bu çelişkili duruma dikkat çekmek istenmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışmada, saklı yetki kavramı sadece Türk hukuku açısından ve doktrinde yer alan görüşler ile içtihat doğrultusunda incelenmiştir.
Alman ve Türk Mahkeme Kararları ve Doktrin Işığında Olası Kast- Bilinçli Taksir Ayrımı
Authors: TURHAN Esma Nur
Published: July 2020

Bu Çalışmada esas itibariyle suç teorisinin en zor ve tartışmalı konularından bir olan olası kast ve bilinçli taksir ayrımı ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada önce kast ve taksirin kanundaki tanımına ve olası kast - bilinçli taksir ayrımına ilişkin Alman suç teorisinde ileri sürülen görüşler kısaca değinilmektedir. Arkasından olası kast – bilinçli taksir ayrımında Alman suç teorisinde çeşitli görüşlerin ileri sürülmesine yol açan “Lederriemenfall/Deri Kemer Olayı” olarak meşhur olan olay ve bu olay ile ilgili Federal Yüksek Mahkemesinin kararı incelenmektedir. Daha sonra olası kast – bilinçli taksir ayrımında yine yoğun tartışmalara yol açan AİDS Olayı ile ilgili Federal Yüksek Mahkemenin kararı ve bu konudaki tartışmaları tekrar alevlendiren Berlin Yasadışı Araba Yarışı olayı ilgili Berlin Eyalet Mahkemesi Kararı ve Federal Yüksek Mahkeme kararı doktrinde ileri sürülen görüşler açsından değerlendirilmiştir.
Çalışmada karşılaştırma yapmak açısından olası kast – bilinçli taksir ayrımının tartışmalı olduğu üç Türk Yargıtay kararı örnek alınarak, bu kararlar, Alman doktrinde ileri sürülen görüşler ve Alman Federal Yüksek Mahkeme kararları ışığında incelenmiştir. Alman uygulamasının aksine, Türk uygulamasında öncelikle bilme unsuru açısından sıkıntılar bulunduğu görülmektedir. Kararlarda failin olay anındaki mevcut bilgisi dikkate alınmamıştır. Olası kast – bilinçli taksir ayrımı açısından isteme unsurunun varlığı ise Yargıtay kararlarında ve ilk derece mahkemesi tarafından neredeyse hiç tartışıma konusu yapılmadığı görülmektedir.
TÜRK HUKUKU İLE MUKAYESELİ OLARAK ROMA HUKUKU’NDA İNTİFA BENZERİNİN (QUASI USUSFRUCTUS) ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: SAYIN KORKMAZ Bengi Sermet
Published: July 2020

Roma Hukuku’nda eşyalar kullanımları bakımından tüketilebilen eşyalar (res quae usu consumuntur) ve tüketilemeyen eşyalar (res quae usu non consumuntur) olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Tüketilebilen (consumtibilia) eşyalar; ekonomik değerlerinden yararlanılması tüketilmeleri ya da elden çıkarılmaları ile mümkün olan eşyalardır. Tüketilebilen eşyalar-tüketilemeyen eşyalar ayrımı özellikle intifa hakkında önem kazanmaktadır. İlk dönemlerde sadece tüketilemeyen eşyalar üzerinde intifa hakkı kurulabiliyorken; Principatus Dönemi’nin başlarında kabul edilen bir senatus consultum’la muayyen mal vasiyeti (legatum) ile bırakılan eşyaların tamamı üzerinde intifa hakkının geçerli olacağı kabul edilmiştir. Bu tür eşyalar üzerinde tanınan bu hak “intifa benzeri” (quasi ususfructus) olarak ifade edilmektedir. Türk Hukuku’nda da tüketilebilen eşyalar üzerinde genel bir intifa hakkı kurulamamakta ve “gerçek olmayan intifa” kurulabilmektedir.
AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ADALET DİVANININ İSRAİL DEVLETİ TARAFINDAN İŞGAL EDİLEN BÖLGELERDE ÜRETİLEN MALLARIN MENŞEİ HAKKINDA KARARI (BÜYÜK DAİRE)
Authors: PALANCİ E. Taha
Published: July 2020

1. Bu ön karar talebi, (AT) 1924/2006 ve (AT) 1925/2006 sayılı Avrupa Parlamentosu ve Konseyi Tüzüğünü değiştiren ve 87/250/AET Komisyon Direktifini, 90/496/AET Konsey Direktifini, 1999/10/AT Komisyon Direktifini, Avrupa Parlamentosu’nun ve Konseyi’nin 2000/13/AT Direktifini, 2002/67/AT ve 2008/5/AT sayılı Komisyon Direktiflerini ve 608/2004 sayılı Komisyon Tüzüğünü yürürlükten kaldıran Avrupa Parlamentosu’nun ve Konseyi’nin 25 Ekim 2011 tarihli 1169/2011 sayılı Tüzüğünün tüketicilere gıda bilgilendirmesi hükmünün yorumlanması ile ilgilidir (OJ 2011, L 304, s.18)
2. Bu talep, bir tarafta Avrupa Musevi Örgütü ve Vignoble Psagot Ltd. Şti.; diğer tarafta Fransa Ekonomi ve Maliye Bakanı arasındaki konusu Haziran 1967 tarihinden beri İsrail Devleti tarafından işgal edilen bölgelerde üretilen malların menşe işaretine ilişkin bildirimin hukuka uygunluğuyla ilgili olan davada yapılmıştır.
Smart Home Automation Towards the Development of Smart Cities
Authors: Alam Tanweer , Salem Abdulrahman A. , Alsharif Ahmad O. , Alhejaili Abdulaziz M.
Published: July 2020

Home automation system is a system that controls by the smart device using a mobile application. It can control home appliances such as light, fans, air conditions, and smart security locks, etc. Bluetooth or Wi-Fi technology will be used to control things remotely.  Many people were thinking about that technology is taking a really huge part of our lives. It does! we’re living in a modern generation where smart and intelligent systems are necessary to be there wherever we are to make our lives easier and much better, for example, we can do many things faster, better, and more accurate.
Acontecimento enunciativo: o funcionamento semântico da designação constituída na e pela história
Authors: Fiepke Carpenedo Rejane , Rosa Sturza Eliana
Published: July 2020

Este artigo se inscreve na Teoria da Enunciação, sob a perspectiva da Semântica do Acontecimento de Guimarães (2018), e toma o funcionamento semântico da Designação como fundamento para este estudo. A designação é a significação de um nome que funciona como elemento das relações sociais que ajuda a construir e das quais passa a fazer parte, constituindo-se sócio-historicamente. Para compreender este movimento de sentidos pela Designação nos propomos a analisar o sintagma nominal “Fora Temer” que passou a integrar a história da política recente do país e a repercutir nos mais distintos espaços. Nosso corpus se constitui de quatro sequências enunciativas, obtidas por meio de conteúdos compartilhados no Facebook e de sites de notícias, com o enunciado “Fora Temer” nos diferentes contextos sociais, e o movimento analítico da designação se dá com base no processo de reescrituração deste sintagma. A partir deste estudo, observamos que os diferentes modos de reescrituração da designação reforçam a expressão enquanto acontecimento enunciativo dotado de memória, bem como, se reescrevem os sentidos de reprovação, resistência e não aceitação, uma vez que a designação se constitui na e pela história.
Chuyên san Dạy và Học - Số 24 - Thích ứng
Authors: Nguyen Chi Yen , Hoang Anh-Duc , Anh Duong Phu Viet , Nguyen Chi Linh , Le Quynh Anh , Doan Phuong-Thuc , Thuy Ta Ngoc , Hiep Pham Hung
Published: July 2020

Dịch COVID-19 vẫn đang ảnh hưởng sâu, rộng đến thực trạng học và dạy ở nhiều nơi trên thế giới. Chúng ta đã dần thân thuộc hơn với thuật ngữ “bình thường mới", nhưng cũng khó lòng mà có được mô tả chân thực về những “bình thường mới” ấy. Dạy&Học số 24 với chủ đề ‘Thích ứng' xin góp đôi chút suy tư cùng quý vị về những điều “bình thường mới". “Những tuần học trực tuyến trước mắt: hãy linh hoạt và quên đi sự cầu toàn" - đây là lời nhắn nhủ yếu cho các quốc gia đang phải tạm đóng cửa hệ thống trường học, nhất là đối với những quốc gia đang bỡ ngỡ với các chuyển đổi số trong giáo dục. Việc xây dựng quan điểm phù hợp của nhà trường và phụ huynh đối với việc học tập trong giai đoạn này, sẽ là sự hỗ trợ có ý nghĩa thiết thực với học sinh. Bên cạnh đó, quý vị có thể tham khảo “Cách thức thực tế giúp học sinh tự điều chỉnh cảm xúc và sắp xếp thứ tự công việc ưu tiên” và “Bốn chiến lược kích thích động lực nội tại của học sinh”.
SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION
OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND THEIR INFLUENCE UPON HEALTH STATUS
DONE BY DRIVERS OF CARGO-AND-PASSENGER MOTOR TRANSPORT
Authors: Fedotova I.V. , Ashirova S.A. , Nekrasova M.M. , Bobokha M.A.
Published: July 2020

Based on an anonymous questionnaire of drivers engaged in passenger traffic and cargo carriage, the
authors analyzed driver’s subjective evaluation of the influence of work environmental factors upon
health status. The drivers noted a pronounced negative impact of air pollution into cab, noise, vibration,
tension and severity, regimen of work and rest upon musculoskeletal, digestive, nervous and
cardiovascular systems.
CLINICAL AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF CHILD AND TEENAGE INJURIES IN ORENBURG
Authors: Golovko O.V. , Pavlenko T.N.
Published: July 2020

A comprehensive analysis of the initial children and teens referral for ambulatory trauma aid and hospitalization was held for 2005–2014. Regional features of injury types depending on the gender and age were identified. The ways of improving injury prevention were intended.
HISTORY OF THE
FORMATION OF THE STATE SANITARY-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SERVICE OF THE
LIPETSK REGION
Authors: Bondarev V.A. , Savelyev S.I. , Polyakova M.F. , Yatskova G.N. , Babanin S.N.
Published: July 2020

More than half a century the way passed the sanitary-epidemiological service of the Lipetsk region in a
united service of the Russian Federation. Over the years the gossanepidsluzhby region happened a lot of
changes in its structure, personnel potential in the service name of institution, but remained a single
function – is the provision of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population, the rights and
interests of citizens, society and the state to a safe environment and disease prevention, fixed laws.
CONTAMINATION OF FOOD
RAW MATERIALS AND FOODSTUFFS IN IRKUTSK REGION
Authors: Tarmaeva I.Yu. , Bagluskina S.Yu. , Belykch A.N.
Published: July 2020

The evaluation of the quality and safety of food raw materials and food products according to the
analysis of the sanitary-chemical and microbiological parameters which were performed by the
laboratory Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Irkutsk region is presented. It has been
established that the risk for the population may be associated with a high probability of disparity to
hygienic requirements according to contents of arsenic, nitrates and microbiological agents.