bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical rehabilitation for Parkinson’s disease: assessment and treatment preferences of physical therapists
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Mustafa Rabbia , Bunyad Salma , Aslam Noreen , Arshad Feryal , Umar Bilal
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Patients with Parkinson’s disease are often prescribed physical therapy. Physiotherapists often assist Parkinson’s disease patients with assessment and treatment, but little is known about the assessment tools and interventions they use. Additionally, physical therapists do not consistently integrate standard outcome measures and treatment procedures into their practices. Consequently, this study was carried out to determine physical therapists’ preferences for assessment and treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

Methods

Five hundred questionnaires were distributed to physiotherapists working in clinical settings. Overall, 446 physiotherapists responded to the survey and returned the questionnaires. Questionnaires with incomplete information were excluded from the survey. In total, 418 physiotherapists participated in the study, of whom 324 saw PD patients in their clinical practice.

Results

Overall, 446 physiotherapists responded to the survey and returned the questionnaires. Questionnaires with incomplete information were excluded from the survey. In total, 418 physiotherapists participated in the study, of whom 324 saw PD patients in their clinical practice. Study participants included 43.8% male PTs and 56.2% female PTs with an average age of 30.02 ± 5.38 years. The Berg balance scale for balance assessment was preferred by 220 (67.9%), the Mini Mental State Examination for cognitive assessment was preferred by 317 (97.8%), and the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale was preferred by 168 (51.85%) PTs. Neurological PTs employed PNF (proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) to decrease stiffness, and exercise and task-focused training for functional training. Virtual Reality and Motor Imagery were also known by 56.6% and 62.4% of PTs, respectively, although only 4.8% and 1.85% used them.

Conclusions

Study results revealed that most physiotherapists follow routine assessment and treatment protocols and do not implement innovative technology in the physical rehabilitation of patients with Parkinson’s disease.
High-intensity interval training versus hatha yoga for postmenopausal females on obesity, sarcopenia, dynapenia, lower limb alignment: study protocol for RCT
Authors: Gurudut Peeyoosha , Kumar Sanjiv , Patil Ashwin
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Menopause is a challenging stage of a woman’s life, with increased occurrences of musculoskeletal issues and obesity that need to be tackled early and effectively. Less is known about the effect of HIIT & hatha yoga on musculoskeletal parameters in post-menopausal females. Both exercise approaches differ and are comparable in many ways. Thus, the objective of the study is to determine and compare the effects of 12 weeks of HIIT and yoga training protocols in postmenopausal females with central adiposity, sarcopenia, dynapenia, and knee alignment. The present research article presents a study protocol comparing yoga and HIIT protocols prescribed for postmenopausal females.

Methods

This is an open-label, randomised, parallel-armed, assessor-blinded clinical trial that will be conducted on 160 postmenopausal females between 46 and 70 years randomly assigned to either the HIIT or yoga group. The intervention will be in the form of group therapy for 5 sessions per week for 12 weeks. The outcomes include sarcopenia by lean muscle mass using a bioelectric impedance analyser, a radiological measure of the Hip-Knee-Ankle angle, and the perceived stress scale and 36-item short form questionnaires assessed twice (pre & post). The outcomes, including gait speed, hand grip strength, waist circumference, and body mass index, will be assessed at pre, post-4th week, post-8th week, and post-12th week.

Discussion

The study outcomes will provide confirmatory evidence on the effects of Hatha yoga and HIIT exercise training protocols in managing menopausal weight gain, musculoskeletal issues (sarcopenia and knee malalignment), physical and functional capacity, as well as mental health in postmenopausal females.
Comments on “Efficacy of diadynamic currents in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review”
Authors: de la Barra Ortiz Hernán Andrés
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Diadinamic currents (DDCs) are electrotherapy modalities available for musculoskeletal pain management. The aim of this study is to offer quantitative evidence to supplement the systematic review of DDCs for musculoskeletal pain.
Method: A meta-analysis was performed using the studies included in the systematic review titled "Efficacy of Diadynamic Currents in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Pain". The meta-analysis involved grouping the results related to the primary outcome, which is the assessment of pain intensity, utilizing both the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS).
Results: The pooled effect demonstrates a reduction in pain levels for both the VAS and the NPRS, with values of -0.83cm (95% CI: -1.9.0.2) and -0.78 points (95% CI: -1.2-0.4), respectively. However, statistically significant differences were only observed for the NPRS. These results align with clinically meaningful differences, particularly in the case of NPRS.
Conclusion: While randomized clinical trials report the efficacy of DDCs, the quantitative analysis suggests that the evidence is inconclusive when comparing the two evaluated scales. Furthermore, DDCs appear to be a clinically viable alternative that is equivalent to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).
THE EFFECT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL PRINCIPAL AND LEARNING ORGANIZATION ON TEACHER COMMITMENT AT SOUTH JAKARTA SIS SCHOOL WITH MOTIVATION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE
Authors: Sitompul Reny Veronika , Tung Khoe Yao
Published: December 2023

School success depends on many things, one of which is teacher commitment. The role of the school principal as a leader is also important to convince teachers about the importance of change for the success of school organizations. Motivated teachers will have higher commitment, increasing teacher performance and loyalty in an organization. Getting teachers who are highly committed takes work. Schools usually invest quite a lot of time and money to foster and provide training to their teachers. Schools with all their components teach students, and school institutions must also learn. This is based on a new concept in an organization that elevates the learning organization paradigm. Many factors increase teacher commitment, including transformational leadership, learning organization, and motivation. This study aims to determine the effect of transformational leadership, learning organization, and motivation on teacher commitment. The research subjects were 40 teachers who taught at the SIS South Jakarta. The research design is path analysis with a quantitative approach. The results of this study are expected to show the influence and correlation between transformational leadership on teacher commitment, the effect of a learning organization on teacher commitment, and the influence of motivation as a mediation of teacher commitment.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN SEKOLAH DASAR SD INPRES 113 KUMURKEK KABUPATEN MAYBRAT PROVINSI PAPUA BARAT DAYA
Authors: Wafom Anderson Yason , Muniarti Erni , Tambunan Witarsa
Published: December 2023

Education is a tool that can be used to improve and facilitate strengthening the quality of learning in students. The author uses descriptive qualitative methods in research. The technique that the writer uses in gathering information is interviews. The purpose of the research was to analyze and explain the process of Curriculum Management, Students, Educators, and Educators used at SD Inpres 113 Kumurkek, Maybrat Regency, Southwest Papua Province. The research results obtained that Curriculum Management and Management of SD Inpres 113 Kumurkek students had been carried out well. Management of Educators and Education Personnel is also carried out in accordance with the theory of educational management.
PENGARUH EFIKASI DIRI DAN MANAJERIAL SKILL KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP KOMITMEN KERJA GURU DI SMA PGRI GETENGAN TANA TORAJA
Authors: Marimbun Alfrida , Tampubolon Hotner , Tambunan Witarsa Tambunan
Published: December 2023

This study aims to prove the effect of self-efficacy on teacher work commitment, the effect of managerial skills of school principals on work commitment, and the influence of managerial skills and efficacy of principals on work commitment in SMA PGRI Getengan. Measurement of variables X1, X2 and Y using the Likert Model questionnaire and Google Form observations. Through SPSS 25 significant 5%, rtable = 0.361, and rcount ≥ rtable , all instruments are valid. The reliability index is the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient = 0.765 which means it is reliable. It is analyzed by Classical Assumptions Test and Multiple Linear Regression. The simultaneous partial effect of variables X1, X2 and Y was carried out by t test, F test, coefficient of determination and correlation analysis. The results of the study (1) There is a significant effect of self-efficacy on teacher work commitment (66.99%); (2) There is no significant effect of the principal's managerial skills on teacher work commitment (1.57%); (3) There is a significant effect of the school principal's self-efficacy and managerial skills simultaneously on teacher work commitment (68.57%). To increase work commitment, self-efficacy must be supported by the managerial skills of the principal.
Association of Red Cell Distribution Width with Thrombus Burden in Patients of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary PCI
Authors: Khan Ismail Ahmed , Shahzad Syed Khurram , Rahman Fahd-ur- , Chaudhry Azhar Ali , Aziz Zohair , Farahe Ali , Khan Sheharbano Ahmed , Kamran Javeria
Published: December 2023

Objective: To study the association of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) with thrombus burden in patients of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI).
Study Design: Analytical Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from Aug 2022 to Dec 2022.
Methodology: Using non-probability consecutive sampling, three hundred and sixty-nine (n=369) patients were included in the study. RDW values were obtained from complete blood count sent at presentation in emergency department. Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) thrombus grading was used to determine the angiographic thrombus burden. For quantitative variables, means and standard deviations were calculated, while frequencies and percentages were calculated for qualitative variables. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for RDW values for predicting thrombus burden was plotted. Correlation between RDW with thrombus burden was established. Eta, Chi-square and independent samples t-test was used to determine p-value.
Results: The study included 369 STEMI patients, out of which 287(77.8%) were males and 82(22.2%) were females. 203(55.0%)patients had high thrombus burden while 166(45.0%) patients had low thrombus burden. Patients in the high RDW groupmore frequently had ventricular arrhythmias, and heart blocks. Mean RDW was 13.57±0.71 in low thrombus burden groupwhile it was 14.67±1.21 in high thrombus burden group. Area under the curve derived from ROC curve for RDW forpredicting high thrombus burden was 0.79(CI=0.74-0.83, p<0.001)
Conclusion: The study demonstrates that high RDW is a sensitive and specific predictor of high angiographic thrombus bur..........
Comparison of GRACE Score and SYNTAX Score in Predicting Complexity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with NST-ACS
Authors: Khawaja Asma Zafar , Shahzad Syed Khurram , Khalil Muhammad , Aziz Zohair , Ahmed Mazhar , Kiani Sadaf Shabbir , Kamran Javeria , Samore Naseer Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Objective: To compare the GRACE score and SYNTAX score in predicting Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) severity and the variation of GRACE score with respect to SYNTAX score to assess severity of CAD.
Study Design: Analytical, Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan 2023 to Jun 2023.
Methodology: Data was gathered from n=139 participants by using consecutive sampling technique on a data collection tool.Study variables such as demographics, comorbids, clinical characteristics and SYNTAX and GRACE score were noted to asses their role in determining CAD severity. An experienced cardiologist was assigned to analyze the coronary angiogram findings, performed by using conventional techniques through radial artery, ulnar or femoral artery access. SPSS version-24.00 was used for data management and analysis. Chi square test and Pearson correlation was applied to find the association and correlation respectively.
Results: Mean age of study participants was 62.09±9.74 years and males were more in number 114(82.0%). Ninety three (66.9%) patients had NSTEMI. Gender (p=0.011,0.007), was significantly associated with SYNTAX score as well as GRACE score respectively and diabetic status (p=0.003) with GRACE score. There was a strong and positive correlation between GRACE score and SYNTAX score (r=0.64; p<0.001). Both scores showed significant association with CAD severity (p<0.05).
Conclusion: There exists a statistically significant and positive correlation between GRACE score and SYNTAX score in non-ACS (NSTEMI and UA) patients who had confirmed diagnosis of CAD on coroangiogram. The greater the GRACE score, the greater was........
Orden público en San Juan de Puerto Rico (1809-1820)
Authors: Ramírez Sánchez Gonzalo
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo analiza las diversas políticas de orden público que se pusieron en marcha en San Juan de Puerto Rico entre los años 1809 y 1820, bajo el gobierno del capitán general Salvador Meléndez. Este conjunto de medidas se enmarca dentro del amplio proyecto propio de las clases dirigentes de los principales núcleos urbanos de la América hispana por hacer de la ciudad un lugar ordenado, limpio, salubre, funcional y seguro, por influencia de los ideales de la Ilustración. En un periodo de grandes transformaciones para Puerto Rico y San Juan, que se extiende desde el inicio de la invasión napoleónica de la península ibérica hasta el comienzo del Trienio Liberal, se tratará de conocer, a través del análisis de una documentación diversa obtenida de archivos puertorriqueños y españoles, qué estrategias fueron impulsadas para evitar desórdenes públicos y controlar a la población.
Twenty years of research in Information Design: a section of Brazilian scientific production on digital media
Authors: Winkelmann Caroline , Botelho Mager Gabriela
Published: December 2023

With the increasing predominance of the use of digital artifacts, fast technological evolution, and the inherent complexity of the digital era, studies on how to communicate information are relevant since the beginning of the Information Society in the 1990s. With the efficiency of information communication as its central focus, Information Design (ID) can be an important area in the construction of knowledge about digital media. This article presents a systematic review of the Brazilian scientific production of digital media through the look of Information Design to record the development of ID in the country since the first CIDI+CONGIC event in 2003. The review pointed to some prominent themes in these decades, such as infographics and interfaces used for science and education. It also revealed some universities with an emphasis on the type of scientific production investigated. In addition, some difficulties were noticed at the conception of a registry of Brazilian science due to the change in terminologies and the evolution of theoretical approaches over time.
Digital Graveyards: A study about data visualization portraying death during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ugaya Mazza Larissa , Fadel Luciane Maria
Published: December 2023

Data visualizations have been widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic, serving as a source of information about the disease or helping researchers establish patterns and make predictions. However, data visualizations carry many hidden messages, and it is up to the designer to use visual elements wisely in order to foster a healthy interaction. When it comes to death, information becomes delicate, and it is important to consider the connections between form and meaning, as these can influence audience behavior. Seeking to better understand how data visualizations have dealt with such a topic, this article analyzes two data visualizations on the number of deaths by COVID-19 through the analytical lens of remediation. The Close Reading method was applied to map the elements of both visualizations and analyze how these can promote death awareness.
Một số đặc điểm dịch tễ các trường hợp mắc tay chân miệng tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, giai đoạn 2022 - 2023
Authors: Trang Phạm Nguyễn Minh , Linh Hoàng Thùy , Linh Võ Tuấn , Chương Lữ Nhất , Trình Trương Khổng Bá , Tùng Trịnh Xuân , Quốc Vũ Vi , Duyên Huỳnh Thị Phương , Hường Phùng Thị Thu
Published: December 2023

Nghiên cứu thực hiện mô tả cắt ngang dữ liệu để phân tích một số đặc điểm dịch tễ của bệnh tay chân miệng (TCM) tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh giai đoạn 01/2022 – 07/2023. Đối tượng nghiên cứu bao gồm 27634 bệnh nhân (BN) TCM cư trú tại thành phố. Phân tích cho thấy từ 1 đến dưới 3 tuổi là nhóm BN chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất. Tỉ lệ nam giới (58,1%) mắc bệnh nhiều hơn nữ. Phân độ lâm sàng nhẹ 1 và 2a được ghi nhận chủ yếu ở các BN, và tình trạng biến chứng/bệnh đồng mắc chỉ được ghi nhận trên 0,69% BN, với viêm đường hô hấp trên và dưới là hai biểu hiện thường gặp nhất. Các cơ sở y tế công lớn là những đơn vị tiếp nhận điều trị phần lớn các trường hợp mắc bệnh. Phân tích theo địa cư cho thấy khu vực ngoại thành có tỉ lệ mắc trên dân số cao hơn nội thành. Theo thời gian, bệnh TCM xuất hiện rải rác quanh năm với đỉnh dịch năm 2022 là tháng 05 và có sự gia tăng đáng lo ngại trong năm 2023 so với cùng kì 2022. Kết quả nghiên cứu đưa ra những thông tin quan trọng về sự biến đổi của TCM trong năm 2023 của thành phố, đặt ra những vấn đề quan trọng cần được xem xét và cải thiện để kiểm soát và ngăn ngừa bệnh trong tương lai.
Tỷ lệ thừa cân, béo phì của học sinh trung học cơ sở lứa tuổi từ 11 – 14 tại Thành phố Hà Nội, năm 2017
Authors: Dung Lưu Phương , Anh Nguyễn Thị Lan , Thái Bùi Thị Minh , Thơ Nguyễn Thị Thi
Published: December 2023

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện nhằm xác định tỷ lệ thừa cân, béo phì và một số yếu tố nhân khẩu học liên quan của học sinh lứa tuổi 11 - 14 tuổi tại Thành phố Hà Nội năm 2017. Có 8980 học sinh từ 30 trường trung học cơ sở được lựa chọn vào nghiên cứu. Học sinh tham gia được đo cân nặng, và chiều cao. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ thừa cân, béo phì của học sinh lứa tuổi 11 - 14 tuổi ở Hà Nội năm 2017 là 23,1%, trong đó thừa cân là 16,9%, và béo phì là 6,2%. Tỷ lệ thừa cân, béo phì cao nhất ở nhóm 11 tuổi và giảm dần theo tuổi. Học sinh nam có tỷ lệ thừa cân, béo phì cao hơn so với học sinh nữ và học sinh tại khu vực nội thành ghi nhận ở tình trạng thừa dinh dưỡng cao hơn so với học sinh khu vực ngoại thành.
The Evolution Logic and Its Influence of the Geopolitical Conflict in the Middle East Under the Profound Changes Unseen in the Century—— A Study on the Evolution of the Syrian Civil War—Proxy war Conflict
Authors:   Asia Social Science Academy, n n , n n , n n
Published: December 2023

The civil war in Syria became the “crater” and “pustule mouth” of the Jasmine Revolution. Looking back at history, the development trend in Syria is based on the logic of “civil strife-civil war-chaotic war-proxy war”. Anti-government armed activities aimed at overthrowing Bashar regime are one after another, and Syria's political and economic development has been seriously affected. Compared with other countries in the Middle East, Syria's civil war is slightly different. This is not just a civil war and sectarian conflict in a strict sense. In the later period, its civil war evolved into a geopolitical game in which the big countries inside and outside the territory and the triple powers in Syria crisscross each other. In addition, the spillover effect of the Syrian civil war has had a substantial impact on the Middle East. The development sequence of Syrian geopolitical conflict is from civil war to Proxy war, which is essentially the external manifestation of several rounds of military and political games between big countries. The logic of this geopolitical conflict is universal in the Middle East. Syria’s geopolitical strategy is prominent, and multi-dimensional forces inside and outside the region participate in it. Its geopolitical game has experienced a long period, while other Middle Eastern countries may have only experienced part of it. In the Middle East, due to sectarian contradictions and political dominance competition within the country, it will eventually develop into a geopolitical situation in which internal and external forces are superimposed. In short, in the future development process, these “indirect forces” inside and outside the domain will probably still play an invisible role in the geopolitical conflicts in the Middle East, and will continue to influence the development trend of the geopolitical pattern of Middle East countries.
Izgradnja sistema socialnega skrbstva v Ljubljani po prvi svetovni vojni s poudarkom na delu socialnopolitičnega odseka in socialnopolitičnega urada
Authors: Šorn Mojca
Published: December 2023

Prispevek, ki temelji na gradivu Zgodovinskega arhiva Ljubljana, obravnava sistem socialnega skrbstva v slovenski prestolnici v obdobju med svetovnima vojnama. Predstavi njegovo vzpostavitev in široko paleto načrtov ter aktivnosti mestnih struktur, hkrati pa pozornost nameni periodam stagnacije ter njihovim posledicam. Razvidno je, da slednje pod vtisom miselnosti in odnosa do socialno ogroženih oseb po prevratu konstantnega dela in napredka ljubljanskih mestnih uradov na polju socialnega skrbstva med letoma 1918–1941, še posebej po letu 1923, ko je bila vzpostavljena mreža urejenega poslovanja, niso mogle zaustaviti.
Dialing for Videos: A Random Sample of YouTube
Authors: McGrady Ryan , Zheng Kevin , Curran Rebecca , Baumgartner Jason , Zuckerman Ethan
Published: December 2023

YouTube is one of the largest, most important communication platforms in the world, but while there is a great deal of research about the site, many of its fundamental characteristics remain unknown. To better understand YouTube as a whole, we created a random sample of videos using a new method. Through a description of the sample’s metadata, we provide answers to many essential questions about, for example, the distribution of views, comments, likes, subscribers, and categories. Our method also allows us to estimate the total number of publicly visible videos on YouTube and its growth over time. To learn more about video content, we hand-coded a subsample to answer questions like how many are primarily music, video games, or still images. Finally, we processed the videos’ audio using language detection software to determine the distribution of spoken languages. In providing basic information about YouTube as a whole, we not only learn more about an influential platform, but also provide baseline context against which samples in more focused studies can be compared.
La Segunda República y la monarquía
Authors: Moral Roncal Antonio Manuel
Published: December 2023

Tras la marcha de Alfonso XIII en abril de 1931, los republicanos consideraron necesario plantear una política de control y eliminación de cualquier clase de reacción política favorable a la Restauración. De ahí su Ley de Defensa de la República, su juicio al monarca en las Cortes, su política de eliminar del espacio urbano y de las instituciones los símbolos y recuerdos monárquicos. En el exilio, la familia real fue espiada y vigilada estrechamente por los diplomáticos y policías republicanos, así como sus contactos políticos. Los monárquicos se dividieron en partidarios de la rama dinástica caída y los carlistas, movimiento político que encontró un momento histórico favorable a su crecimiento. Conforme la vida política fue radicalizándose, los monárquicos también se contagiaron de esa circunstancia.
ANALISIS ISI PESAN DAKWAH DALAM NOVEL CAHAYA CINTA DARI ‘ARSY KARYA YANNAH AKHRAS
Authors: Awanda Hasani  , Firad Wijaya  , Idham Khalid
Published: December 2023

Pada kemajuan zaman saat ini, cara berdakwah pun ikut berkembang sesuai dengan berkembangnya pengetahuan, teknologi, informasi, dan komunikasi. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi saat ini, maka dakwah pun bisa menggunakan berbagai macam media untuk menyampaikan dakwahnya. Diantara media dakwah yang sangat masyhur saat ini adalah dakwah Bil Qolam (dakwah melalui tulisan) yang dikemas dalam bentuk novel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui isi pesan dakwah akidah, akhlak, dan syari’ah yang terdapat dalam novel Cahaya Cinta Dari ‘Arsy Karya Yannah Akhras. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, data yang digunakan adalah uraian cerita yang terdapat pada dialog dan paragraph- paragraf yang terdapat didalam novel. Dengan menggunakan teknik analisis isi (content analysis), peneliti dapat memperoleh gambaran isi pesan dakwah yang terdapat dalam novel tersebut. Pada penelitian ini pesan dakwah yang terdapat didalam novel di kategorikan menjadi tiga bagian, yaitu: pesan akidah (iman kepada Allah, iman kepada Rasul Allah, iman kepada hari akhir, iman kepada qodho dan qodar Allah), pesan akhlak (sopan santun, at-ta’awwun, al-iffah, tawadhu, ash-sabru, istiqomah, amanah, taubat, pantang menyerah, al-afwu, hasad/iri dengki, al-kibr, al-kizb), pesan syari’ah (ibadah, muamalah, jinayat). Setelah dilakukan analisis terhadap isi novel tersebut, banyak sekali pesan dakwah yang terkandung didalamnya dengan rinciannya yaitu: pesan akidah sebanyak 16 pesan yang dikutip dari kalimat dan dialog, pesan akhlak sebanyak 36 pesan yang dikutip dari kalimat dan dialog, pesan syari’ah sebanyak 8 pesan yang dikutip dari kalimat dan dialog. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, maka diketahui pesan dakwah yang paling dominan dari novel ini adalah pesan dakwah akhlaq yaitu sebanyak 36 pesan kalimat atau dialog.
Expansivity of Fused Quartz Glass Measured with 6 x 10-10/K
Authors: Egan Patrick
Published: December 2023

Thermal expansion sometimes dominates uncertainty in a precision measurement. A cell-based refractometer has been designed at NIST which targets 10−6 relative uncertainty in the measurement of helium refractivity; in terms of absolute refractive index at ambient conditions, the accuracy goal is 3 × 10−11. To achieve this level of accuracy, the length of a 0.5 m gas cell would need to be known within 100 nm. This is achievable when cell length is measured by coordinate-measuring machine at 20 °C. However, the refractometer will operate at the thermodynamically known fixed-points of water and gallium, near 0 °C and 30 °C, respectively. The cell is made from fused quartz glass, which has a nominal thermal expansion coefficient of 0.4 (μm/m)/K. Therefore, to scale the accuracy of the dimensional metrology across 20 °C to the triple-point of water requires that the thermal expansion coefficient of fused quartz glass is known within 10 (nm/m)/K, or 2.5 %. A method is described to measure the thermal expansion coefficient of fused quartz glass. The measurement principle is to monitor the change in resonance frequency of a Fabry–Perot cavity as its temperature changes; the Fabry–Perot cavity is made from fused quartz glass. The standard uncertainty in the measurement was less than 0.6 (nm/m)/K, or 0.15 %. The limit on performance is arguably uncertainty in the reflection phase-shift temperature dependence, because neither thermooptic nor thermal expansion coefficients of thinfilm coatings are reliably known. However, several other uncertainty contributors are at the same level of magnitude, and so any improvement in performance would entail significant effort. Furthermore, measurements of three different samples revealed that material inhomogeneity leads to differences in the effective thermal expansion coefficient of fused quartz; inhomogeneity in thermal expansion among samples is 24 times larger than the measurement uncertainty in a single sample.
História oral na Itália: trajetórias e desafios
Authors: Casellato Alessandro
Published: December 2023

A história oral na Itália vive uma vida dupla: é desvalorizada e pouco reconhecida no espaço acadêmico, mas próspera e muito praticada na sociedade. O artigo traça as “características originais” e trajetórias da história oral italiana. Ele apresenta as atividades realizadas pela Associação Italiana de História Oral desde sua criação em 2006 até o presente. Discute a relação ainda não pacificada entre a história oral e a historiografia acadêmica italiana. Finalmente, aborda a relação multifacetada entre história oral e arquivos, entre a virada digital, a “oralidade de arquivo” e o “ativismo arquivístico”.
Cacos da memória: bricolagem intercultural na Comunidade Buçu (Augusto Corrêa/ PA, Amazônia Oriental)
Authors: Silveira Asp Danilo Gustavo
Published: December 2023

Agricultores do Buçu (Augusto Corrêa, PA), ao cavarem um buraco na roça depararam-se com um artefato: cerâmica associada a ossos. Instigados, se dirigiram a Universidade apresentando inquietações a respeito do lugar onde vivem e labutam. As particularidades do relato espontâneo e a natureza peculiar do achado fortuito estimularam o estudo do caso. Dada a característica peremptoriamente transdisciplinar da pesquisa, pois permeia história, antropologia e arqueologia, e balizado pelo diálogo entre documentos de naturezas diversas, como oralidade, cultura material e fontes imagéticas, apresentam-se investigações acerca dos fragmentos mnemônicos sobre o passado da localidade, oriundos dos depoimentos dos agentes sociais, em cotejo com análises dos modos vivendi e operandi dos sujeitos. Destaca-se que a bricolagem intercultural existente na construção de saberes na espacialidade, é marca indelével do caráter interétnico de sua pertença e de sua identidade enquanto Comunidade buçuzence.
DESAFIOS DOS ESTUDANTES NA VOLTA AS AULAS PRESENCIAIS DE MATEMÁTICA APÓS A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Lima Herison Batista de , Sales Martinele Marinho de França
Published: December 2023

Em função da pandemia do COVID-19 e ao distanciamento social obrigatório, as atividades presenciais nas escolas brasileiras foram suspensas e como solução para evitar que os estudantes perdessem o ano letivo, foi implementado o ensino remoto emergencial, e com esse novo formato de ensino, professores e educandos enfrentaram diversos desafios, principalmente na concretização da aprendizagem. Após um período de redução da transmissão do vírus e avanços nas vacinas, a pandemia foi erradicada e com isso as aulas foram autorizadas a retomar em formato presencial, e devido aos diversos desafios que enfrentaram durante ao ensino remoto, esses alunos retornaram com muitos déficits de aprendizagem, nesse retorno percebemos que muitos estudantes estavam com dificuldades para desenvolver e aprender os conteúdos de matemática. Esse artigo tem, portanto, como objetivo analisar quais foram os reais motivos que fizeram com que essa aprendizagem não fosse concretizada, levando em conta que esse estudo pode oferecer um auxílio no desenvolvimento do ensino e aprendizagem, na educação brasileira, nesse período pós-pandemia. Para argumentar os desafios e as dificuldades enfrentadas nesse período, foi realizado um estudo com os discentes da EJA fase III e IV da Escola Municipal Professora Mariana de Lourdes Lima, em Caruaru – PE, para que possamos compreender as “lacunas” que surgiram no processo de aprendizagem durante a pandemia e compreender meios que possam solucionar esse déficit, fazendo que essa perda seja amenizada na construção do conhecimento do conteúdo matemático entre esses estudantes.
O PAPEL DO ENFERMEIRO NA ASSISTÊNCIA A PACIENTES COM IDEALIZAÇÕES SUICIDAS
Authors: Medeiros Isadora Borges , Silva Maria Aparecida Xavier Moreira da
Published: December 2023

A relação entre a sociedade e o doente mental por alguns séculos poderia ser descrita como períodos de internações em instituições psiquiátricas que consistiam em períodos de reclusão prolongados. De acordo com Marques et al. (2018, p. 408), no passado, “[...] a sociedade apregoava algumas implicações negativas, como o medo e a rejeição, pois o ‘louco’ era considerado incapaz, irracional e perigoso. Estas concepções reforçavam os estigmas e a discriminação aos ‘doentes mentais’.”
EDUCAÇÃO, PROFESSORES E O PAPEL DA TECNOLOGIA DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES
Authors: Freitas Ednalda Morais de , Silva Maria José da , Santos Maria Pricila Miranda dos
Published: December 2023

O artigo propõe uma avaliação crítica do impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na área educacional, com foco no papel dos professores e na integração da tecnologia. Metodologicamente, adota uma abordagem qualitativa, respaldada por entrevistas com dois professores, e fundamenta-se em um embasamento teórico que inclui contribuições de autores como Santinello (2013), Silva e Ross (2019), Moran (1997) e outros estudiosos. O estudo destaca a importância de estratégias pedagógicas planejadas e inclusivas, com a incorporação de recursos tecnológicos para tornar as aulas mais dinâmicas. Ambos os professores reconhecem as oportunidades e desafios surgidos durante a pandemia, lançando a aceleração na adoção de tecnologias educacionais. O Indivíduo 01, do ensino fundamental II, destaca a necessidade de uma formação docente mais dinâmica e conectada, alinhada às demandas de uma educação tecnológica e inovadora, identificando riscos no ensino remoto e ressaltando a importância do equilíbrio entre tecnologia e aspectos humanos para evitar a perda de empatia. Já o Indivíduo 02, do ensino fundamental I, foca em uma abordagem centrada no aluno, utilizando recursos tecnológicos para aulas dinâmicas. Reconhecemos as oportunidades e desafios trazidos pela pandemia, sublinhando a necessidade de adaptabilidade e inovação na formação docente pós-pandêmica. Ambos concordam sobre o papel crucial da tecnologia na proposição dos alunos, ressaltando a importância de seu uso equilibrado e alinhado aos objetivos pedagógicos. A conclusão destaca a resiliência da comunidade educacional diante dos desafios da pandemia, enfatizando a importância de uma análise crítica das transformações ocorridas. As experiências dos professores oferecem insights valiosos para a construção de um sistema educacional mais flexível, inclusivo e adaptável no futuro pós-pandêmico.
COVID-19, caravanas y tráfico de migrantes en México
Authors: Lera Mejía Jorge A.
Published: December 2023

La migración de centroamericanos y otros países en tránsito por México, registra una tradición centenaria que se confunde con los mexicanos, que históricamente es mayor que los transmigrantes en su cruce por nuestro territorio. En años recientes, agravado por el impacto de las crisis económicas, violencia de la región y el golpe brutal de la pandemia del COVID-19, la creciente migración de centroamericanos y mexicanos ha detonado en una notoria gravedad, ahora contaminada por la intromisión de bandas del “crimen organizado” (CO) por el pujante negocio de “tráfico ilícito de migrantes” (TIM), al grado de identificarse como una auténtica “crisis migratoria”. México pasó de ser país de tránsito, a un “tercer país seguro” de facto, por ser ahora región de “origen, tránsito, destino y retorno de migrantes”. El trabajo tiene como objetivo, profundizar sobre el nuevo fenómeno de contaminación de la migración tradicional, con la complicidad de los facilitadores de la migración (polleros y coyotes), las autoridades normativas federales, estatales y municipales, el Ejército, Marina y Guardia Nacional (GN), conjuntamente con las bandas criminales integrantes del CO, afectando los derechos fundamentales de los transmigrantes y los migrantes connacionales. La metodología de la investigación parte de revisión bibliográfica, artículos periodísticos e informes de organismos independientes, aplicando trabajo de campo con entrevistas a 40 transmigrantes, ubicados en la frontera norte de Tamaulipas, Monterrey y dos ciudades del interior. Entre los resultados del trabajo, los migrantes hablan del incremento de riesgos durante el trayecto a la frontera, ante el involucramiento de los polleros con bandas del CO. La conclusión principal es que la migración reciente es impactada por violaciones, abusos y maltratos a los migrantes, incrementándose la afectación a sus derechos humanos y encareciendo los costos de los traslados, sin garantizar su llegada a Estados Unidos, convirtiendo a México en un nuevo destino forzado.
The Origins of Madness : Former prisoners of war in psychiatric care in the Hungarian Stalinist era
Authors: Csikós Gábor
Published: December 2023

By the Second World War, the neurotic symptoms of “shell shock” were replaced by “combat exhaustion” which became an umbrella term for different depressive states and neuroses with organic conditions. While in the Western countries it became more common to compensate former victims for psychological harms too, in the Soviet dom- inated regions the experience of being a prisoner of war was dominated by ideological principles in the public sphere. Pavlovian doctrines for example denied the duality of reactive and somatogenic psychoses, placing psycho-traumas secondary to neurologi- cal features. In this study, the medical history of six former prisoners of war is discussed who were treated in Lipótmező in the early 1950’s. A comparison of Holocaust and POW survi- vors shows that the latter included people of lower social status and a higher prevalence of psychotic disorders. Illness became apparent to patients or their relatives at an early stage, but psychiatric intervention came relatively late. “Captivity” was an umbrella term, and they did not specialize the location, so only other sources might help us in the identification.
Performance and sensitivity of column-wise and pixel-wise methane retrievals for imaging spectrometers
Authors: Ayasse Alana K. , Cusworth Daniel , O'Neill Kelly , Fisk Justin , Thorpe Andrew K. , Duren Riley
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Strong methane point source emissions generate large atmospheric concentrations that can be detected and quantified with infrared remote sensing and retrieval algorithms. Two standard and widely used retrieval algorithms for one class of observing platform, imaging spectrometers, include pixel-wise and column-wise approaches. In this study, we assess the performance of both approaches using the airborne imaging spectrometer (Global Airborne Observatory) observations of two extensive controlled-release experiments. We find that the column-wise retrieval algorithm is sensitive to the flight line length and can have a systematic low bias with short flight lines, which is not present in the pixel-wise retrieval algorithm. However, the pixel-wise retrieval is very computationally expensive, and the column-wise retrieval algorithms can produce good results when the flight line length is sufficiently long. Lastly, this study examines the methane plume detection performance of the Global Airborne Observatory with a column-wise retrieval algorithm and finds minimum detection limits of between 9 of 10 kg h−1 and 90 % probability of detection between 10 and 45 kg h−1. These results present a framework of rules for guiding proper concentration retrieval selection given conditions at the time of observation in order to ensure robust detection and quantification.
Environmental controls of winter soil carbon dioxide fluxes in boreal and tundra environments
Authors: Mavrovic Alex , Sonnentag Oliver , Lemmetyinen Juha , Voigt Carolina , Rutter Nick , Mann Paul , Sylvain Jean-Daniel , Roy Alexandre
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The carbon cycle in Arctic–boreal regions (ABRs) is an important component of the planetary carbon balance, with growing concerns about the consequences of ABR warming for the global climate system. The greatest uncertainty in annual carbon dioxide (CO2) budgets exists during winter, primarily due to challenges with data availability and limited spatial coverage in measurements. The goal of this study was to determine the main environmental controls of winter CO2 fluxes in ABRs over a latitudinal gradient (45∘ to 69∘ N) featuring four different ecosystem types: closed-crown coniferous boreal forest, open-crown coniferous boreal forest, erect-shrub tundra, and prostrate-shrub tundra. CO2 fluxes calculated using a snowpack diffusion gradient method (n=560) ranged from 0 to 1.05 g C m2 d−1. To assess the dominant environmental controls governing CO2 fluxes, a random forest machine learning approach was used. We identified soil temperature as the main control of winter CO2 fluxes with 68 % of relative model importance, except when soil liquid water occurred during 0 ∘C curtain conditions (i.e., Tsoil≈0 ∘C and liquid water coexist with ice in soil pores). Under zero-curtain conditions, liquid water content became the main control of CO2 fluxes with 87 % of relative model importance. We observed exponential regressions between CO2 fluxes and soil temperature in fully frozen soils (RMSE=0.024 gCm-2d-1; 70.3 % of mean FCO2) and soils around the freezing point (RMSE=0.286 gCm-2d-1; 112.4 % of mean FCO2). FCO2 increases more rapidly with Tsoil around the freezing point than at Tsoil<5 ∘C. In zero-curtain conditions, the strongest regression was found with soil liquid water content (RMSE=0.137 gCm-2d-1; 49.1 % of mean FCO2). This study shows the role of several variables in the spatio-temporal variability in CO2 fluxes in ABRs during winter and highlights that the complex vegetation–snow–soil interactions in northern environments must be considered when studying what drives the spatial variability in soil carbon emissions during winter.
Pacific Southern Ocean coccolithophore-derived particulate inorganic carbon (PIC): A novel comparative analysis of in-situ and satellite-derived measurements
Authors: Saavedra-Pellitero Mariem , Baumann Karl-Heinz , Bachiller-Jareno Nuria , Lovell Harold , Vollmar Nele Manon , Malinverno Elisa
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Polar plankton communities are already experiencing the impact of ocean acidification and global warming. Coccolithophores are the main type of calcifying phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean (SO) and they play a key role in the carbon cycle through the production of particulate organic, and inorganic carbon (PIC). Coccolithophores account for most of the optical PIC backscattering in the sea, so remote sensing is potentially an excellent monitoring tool. However, in situ measurements in the SO are sparse in space and time due to the harsh weather conditions. Here, we combine micropalaeontology and remote-sensing to evaluate critical discrepancies between coccolithophore and satellite-derived PIC in the Pacific SO in non-bloom conditions. Plankton samples were collected from two latitudinal transects: from New Zealand to Antarctica (December 2004–January 2005) and across the Drake Passage (February–March 2016). Coccolithophore species specific PIC estimates were compared, based on 1) Scanning Electron Microscope cocolith morphometric analyses and 2) remote sensing PIC values acquired from NASA’s Ocean Color Web service. Considering that the SO is the cloudiest region on Earth (which limits the amount of satellite data available), in-situ and satellite-derived PIC datasets show very good agreement in both transects, particularly in the Subantarctic and Polar Front zones. Emiliania huxleyi morphogroup B substantially contributes to the sea-surface PIC content south of the Subantarctic Front in both transects, whereas E. huxleyi types A, A overcalcified, and other taxa (e.g. Calcidiscus leptoporus), only contribute to coccolithophore PIC in the northernmost stations. Of particular interest are strong peaks in satellite-derived PIC south of the Polar Front, which do not show up in the coccolithophore data. We suggest that the high reflectance signal from this southernmost region (which could have been initially attributed to coccolithophores) may be due to the prevalence of small opal particles or unknown highly reflective particles (such as Phaeocystis aggregations or suspended sediment). Our observations highlight the importance of satellite products for estimating global PIC levels, while emphasizing the critical need for validation through field samples. This work contributes to our understanding of coccolithophore PIC dynamics in the “data desert” Pacific SO, offering valuable insights for both remote sensing applications and the broader field of marine science.
A survey of methane point source emissions from coal mines in Shanxi province of China using AHSI on board Gaofen-5B
Authors: He Zhonghua , Gao Ling , Liang Miao , Zeng Zhao-Cheng
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Satellite-based detection of methane (CH4) point sources is crucial in identifying and mitigating anthropogenic emissions of CH4, a potent greenhouse gas. Previous studies have indicated the presence of CH4 point source emissions from coal mines in Shanxi, China, an important source region with large CH4 emissions, but a comprehensive survey has remained elusive. This study aims to conduct a survey of CH4 point sources over Shanxi's coal mines based on observations of the Advanced HyperSpectral Imager (AHSI) on board the Gaofen-5B satellite (GF-5B/AHSI) between 2021 and 2023. The spectral shift in center wavelength and change in full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) are estimated for all spectra channels, which are used as inputs for retrieving the enhancement of column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CH4 (ΔXCH4) using a matched-filter based algorithm. Our results show that the spectral calibration on GF-5B/AHSI reduced estimation biases of emission flux rate by up to 5.0 %. We applied the flood-fill algorithm to automatically extract emission plumes from ΔXCH4 maps. We adopted the integrated mass enhancement (IME) model to estimate the emission flux rate values from each CH4 point source. Consequently, we detected CH4 point sources in 32 coal mines with 93 plume events in Shanxi province. The estimated emission flux rate ranges from 857.67 ± 207.34 kg·h-1 to 14333.02 ± 5249.32 kg·h-1. The total emission flux rate reaches 13.26 t·h-1 in Shanxi, assuming all point sources emit simultaneously. Our results show that wind speed is the dominant source of uncertainty contributing about 84.84 % to the total uncertainty in emission flux rate estimation. Interestingly, we found a number of false positive detections due to solar panels that are widely spread in Shanxi. This study also evaluates the accuracy of wind fields in ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis by comparing with ground-based meteorological station. We found large discrepancy, especially in wind direction, suggesting incorporating local meteorological measurements into the study CH4 point source are important to achieve high accuracy. The study demonstrates that GF-5B/AHSI possesses capabilities for monitoring large CH4 point sources over complex surface characteristics in Shanxi.