bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ambulante verhaltenstherapeutische Gruppentherapie zur Behandlung von Progredienzangst bei Krebspatienten
Authors: Rudolph Bärbel , Wünsch Alexander , Herschbach Peter , Dinkel Andreas
Published: June 2017

Progredienzangst (PA) ist eine angemessene zu erwartende Reaktion auf die reale Bedrohung durch eine Krebserkrankung. Allerdings kann sie ein Ausmaß erreichen, das als klinisch bedeutsam und behandlungswürdig anzusehen ist. Eine eigene (teil)randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie in der stationären Rehabilitation zeigte, dass eine Gruppentherapie im Umfang von 4 Doppelstunden zu einer signifikanten längerfristigen Reduktion der PA führte. In der vorliegenden Arbeit beschreiben wir die Adaption des verhaltenstherapeutischen Gruppentherapieprogramms für das ambulante Setting. Die ambulante Gruppentherapie umfasst 6 Therapiestunden zu je 90 min. Durch die Erhöhung des Stundenumfangs steht mehr Raum für die aktive Auseinandersetung mit der Angst zur Verfügung. Dies geschieht primär durch eine Exposition in sensu, in der die Patienten angeleitet werden, ihre Sorgen zu Ende zu denken und zu überlegen, was schlimmstenfalls geschehen könnte. Ergänzend hierzu kommen ressourcenaktivierende Interventionen zum Einsatz. Die Durchführung von 3 Gruppentherapien im Rahmen einer Pilotphase verdeutlichte, dass das Therapieprogramm in der klinischen Praxis anwendbar ist. Die Prä-Post Evaluation (N=10) zeigte eine signifikante Reduktion der Progredienzangst (Progredienzangstfragebogen, PA-F) von M=12,0 (SD=2,0) auf M=10,3 (SD=1,7), p=0,029. Dies entspricht einem großen Effekt (Cohen’s d=0,9). Allerdings beendeten 3 von 14 Teilnehmern (21%) die Gruppentherapie vorzeitig nach den ersten 2 Sitzungen. Insgesamt sprechen die Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen mit der ambulaten verhaltenstherapeutischen Gruppentherapie für die prinzipielle Durchführbarkeit und legen nahe, dass es sich um eine effektive Therapie handelt. Die Erfahrungen zeigen aber auch, dass einige Patienten die aktive Auseinandersetzung mit der Progredienzangst als zu belastend einschätzen. Eine zu hohe Ambivalenz hinsichtlich der konfrontativen Behandlung erhöht die Wahrscheinlichkeit für eine vorzeitige Beendigung der Teilnahme. Daher sollten Patienten im Vorfeld genau über das Therapieprogramm aufgeklärt werden.
Bioactivity-Guided Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hippophae rhamnoides Fruits
Authors: Rédei Dóra , Kúsz Norbert , Jedlinszki Nikoletta , Blazsó Gábor , Zupkó István , Hohmann Judit
Published: June 2017

According to modern ethnobotanical records, the fruit of Hippophae rhamnoides is effective in the treatment of different allergic symptoms. In order to obtain pharmacological evidence for this observation, the fruit was investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using in vivo animal models. Aqueous and 70% MeOH extracts were tested in 48/80-induced rat paw edema assay after oral administration, and it was found that the 70% MeOH extract (500 mg/kg) reduced significantly edema volume (0.660 ± 0.082 mL vs. control 0.935 ± 0.041 mL). Extracts of different parts of the fruit (pulp, peel, seed) were investigated in the same assay, and the peel extract was shown to exhibit maximum edema-reducing effect (0.470 ± 0.124 mL vs. control 0.920 ± 0.111 mL). This extract was used to elucidate the mode of action. Different inflammation inducers (serotonin, histamine, dextran, bradykinin, and carrageenan) were applied in the rat paw model, but the extract inhibited only the compound 48/80 elicited inflammation. The active extract was then fractionated by solvent-solvent partitioning and chromatographic methods with the guidance of the 48/80-induced anti-inflammatory assay, and the main compounds responsible for the activity were identified as ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. Our data suggest that the activity is most probably based on a membrane stabilizing effect caused by the inhibition of degranulation of mast cells. Moreover, previously unknown 2,5-bis-aryl-3,4-dimethyltetrahydrofuran lignans, nectandrin B, fragransin A2, and saucernetindiol were isolated and identified from H. rhamnoides for the first time.
Influence of ion implantation parameters on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of Fe-N thin films with stripe domains
Authors: Amarouche T. , Garnier L.-C. , Marangolo M. , Eddrief M. , Etgens V. H. , Fortuna F. , Sadaoui Y. , Tamine M. , Cantin J. L. , von Bardeleben H. J.
Published: June 2017

Nitrogen-martensite thin films are known to present a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) depending on the nitrogen content. Additionally, weak magnetic stripe domains have been studied in Fe-N samples made by ion implantation. In this work, ion implantation proves to be a good technique to make nitrogen-martensite thin films presenting both tunable PMA and stripe domains. We report on the changes in magnetic and structural properties of nitrogen-implanted iron thin films, resulting from various implantation conditions. Fluences from 1.8 × 1016 N2+/cm2 to 3.5 × 1016 N2+/cm2 at 26 keV and 5.3 × 1016 N2+/cm2 at 40 keV were used to implant iron thin films epitaxially grown on ZnSe/GaAs(001). X-ray diffraction measurements disclosed the presence of body-centered tetragonal nitrogen-martensite whose c-axis is perpendicular to the thin film plane and the c-parameter increases with fluence. Vibrating sample magnetometer measurements revealed that nitrogen implantation induced strong changes in magnetic properties such as an increasing PMA with fluence. Therefore, this PMA may originate from the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of nitrogen-martensite and stress-induced anisotropy. Magnetic stripe domains are notably observed by magnetic force microscopy for the highest fluences. Furthermore, ferromagnetic resonance measurements lead to the magnetic anisotropy constants calculation. The results show a significant increase of the PMA, related to the presence of nitrogen-martensite whose c-parameter is close to that of α′-Fe8N, which reaches a maximum value of 4.9 × 106 erg/cm3. In addition, an interesting comparison is done between the anisotropy constants of Fe-N and Fe-Ga samples. Fe-Ga thin films are also well known to present PMA and stripe domains.
Large scale motions of multiple limit-cycle high Reynolds number annular and toroidal rotor/stator cavities
Authors: Bridel-Bertomeu Thibault , Gicquel L. Y. M. , Staffelbach G.
Published: June 2017

Rotating cavity flows are essential components of industrial applications but their dynamics are still not fully understood when it comes to the relation between the fluid organization and monitored pressure fluctuations. From computer hard-drives to turbo-pumps of space launchers, designed devices often produce flow oscillations that can either destroy the component prematurely or produce too much noise. In such a context, large scale dynamics of high Reynolds number rotor/stator cavities need better understanding especially at the flow limit-cycle or associated statistically stationary state. In particular, the influence of curvature as well as cavity aspect ratio on the large scale organization and flow stability at a fixed rotating disc Reynolds number is fundamental. To probe such flows, wall-resolved large eddy simulation is applied to two different rotor/stator cylindrical cavities and one annular cavity. Validation of the predictions proves the method to be suited and to capture the disc boundary layer patterns reported in the literature. It is then shown that in complement to these disc boundary layer analyses, at the limit-cycle the rotating flows exhibit characteristic patterns at mid-height in the homogeneous core pointing the importance of large scale features. Indeed, dynamic modal decomposition reveals that the entire flow dynamics are driven by only a handful of atomic modes whose combination links the oscillatory patterns observed in the boundary layers as well as in the core of the cavity. These fluctuations form macro-structures, born in the unstable stator boundary layer and extending through the homogeneous inviscid core to the rotating disc boundary layer, causing its instability under some conditions. More importantly, the macro-structures significantly differ depending on the configuration pointing the need for deeper understanding of the influence of geometrical parameters as well as operating conditions.
Minimizing tip-sample forces and enhancing sensitivity in atomic force microscopy with dynamically compliant cantilevers
Authors: Keyvani Aliasghar , Sadeghian Hamed , Tamer Mehmet Selman , Goosen Johannes Frans Loodewijk , van Keulen Fred
Published: June 2017

Due to the harmonic motion of the cantilever in Tapping Mode Atomic Force Microscopy, it is seemingly impossible to estimate the tip-sample interactions from the motion of the cantilever. Not directly observing the interaction force, it is possible to damage the surface or the tip by applying an excessive mechanical load. The tip-sample interactions scale with the effective stiffness of the probe. Thus, the reduction of the mechanical load is usually limited by the manufacturability of low stiffness probes. However, the one-to-one relationship between spring constant and applied force only holds when higher modes of the cantilever are not excited. In this paper, it is shown that, by passively tuning higher modes of the cantilever, it is possible to reduce the peak repulsive force. These tuned probes can be dynamically more compliant than conventional probes with the same static spring constant. Both theoretical and experimental results show that a proper tuning of dynamic modes of cantilevers reduces the contact load and increases the sensitivity considerably. Moreover, due to the contribution of higher modes, the tuned cantilevers provide more information on the tip-sample interaction. This extra information from the higher harmonics can be used for mapping and possibly identification of material properties of samples.
Back surface field approach: Surface and interface defect states optimization of high efficient Si-ZnO based heterojunction solar cell
Authors: Muchahary D. , Maity S. , Bhunia C. T.
Published: June 2017

An Al/n−type a−ZnO/i−ZnO/c−Si(Interface)/p−typec−Si/c−Si(Interface)/c−Si1−xOx:H/Al heterojunction based solar cell is proposed. Silicon based heterojunction solar cells are popular due to the use of transparent zinc oxide as emitter layers, but their efficiency must be increased at low cost. In addition, majority carrier collection at the back surface field reflector-metal contact is low due to high surface defect states. In this work, a reasonable increase in minority carrier lifetime and a decrease in emitter saturation current density, which boost up the efficiency and the fill factor, are simulated by the optimization of interface defect density. The effective modelling of density of states for all device layers resembling practical data is done. The proper optimization of device structures revealed an efficiency of up to 21.23% and a fill factor of 75.71% at with an external series resistance of 2 Ω cm2. A theoretical approach manifesting design criteria for an effective collection of majority carriers is proposed.
Impact of repeated uniaxial mechanical strain on flexible a-IGZO thin film transistors with symmetric and asymmetric structures
Authors: Liao Po-Yung , Chang Ting-Chang , Su Wan-Ching , Chen Bo-Wei , Chen Li-Hui , Hsieh Tien-Yu , Yang Chung-Yi , Chang Kuan-Chang , Zhang Sheng-Dong , Huang Yen-Yu , Chang Hsi-Ming , Chiang Shin-Chuan
Published: June 2017

This letter investigates repeated uniaxial mechanical stress-induced degradation behavior in flexible amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin-film transistors (TFTs) of different geometric structures. Two types of via-contact structure TFTs are investigated: symmetrical and UI structure (TFTs with I- and U-shaped asymmetric electrodes). After repeated mechanical stress, I-V curves for the symmetrical structure show a significant negative threshold voltage (VT) shift, due to mechanical stress-induced oxygen vacancy generation. However, degradation in the UI structure TFTs after stress is a negative VT shift along with the parasitic transistor characteristic in the forward-operation mode, with this hump not evident in the reverse-operation mode. This asymmetrical degradation is clarified by the mechanical strain simulation of the UI TFTs.
Designing food and habitat trees for urban koalas: identifying short ecotypes of Corymbia intermedia
Authors: Trueman Stephen J. , McMahon Tracey V. , Grant Elektra L. , Walton David A. , Elliott Brittany B. , Wallace Helen M.
Published: June 2017

The eucalypt trees eaten by koalas are generally tall, but urban landholders prefer to plant shorter trees that pose less danger of limbs falling from a great height or damaging powerlines. Our aim was to develop shorter eucalypt trees to provide food and shelter for koalas and other fauna in urban areas. We identified short ecotypes of Corymbia intermedia (R.T.Baker) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson growing naturally on exposed coastal headlands, and tested whether their seedlings were shorter than the seedlings of nearby tall ecotypes when planted in cultivation. Trees raised from the short ecotypes were 22–43% shorter than trees raised from the tall ecotypes, being around 5–7 m tall rather than 8–12 m tall after 8 years. This demonstrated that there was a genetic basis for the short stature of C. intermedia trees on coastal headlands. These shorter C. intermedia trees could be valuable food and habitat trees for urban koalas and other fauna.
Insights into the functional relationship between cytokinin-induced root system phenotypes and nitrate uptake in Brassica napus
Authors: Guo Qianqian , Love Jonathan , Song Jiancheng , Roche Jessica , Turnbull Matthew H. , Jameson Paula E.
Published: June 2017

Root system architecture is the spatial arrangement of roots that impacts the capacity of plants to access nutrients and water. We employed pharmacologically generated morphological and molecular phenotypes and used in situ 15N isotope labelling, to investigate whether contrasting root traits are of functional interest in relation to nitrate acquisition. Brassica napus L. were grown in solidified phytogel culture media containing 1 mM KNO3 and treated with the cytokinin, 6-benzylaminopurine, the cytokinin antagonist, PI-55, or both in combination. The pharmacological treatments inhibited root elongation relative to the control. The contrasting root traits induced by PI-55 and 6-benzylaminopurine were strongly related to 15N uptake rate. Large root proliferation led to greater 15N cumulative uptake rather than greater 15N uptake efficiency per unit root length, due to a systemic response in the plant. This relationship was associated with changes in C and N resource distribution between the shoot and root, and in expression of BnNRT2.1, a nitrate transporter. The root : shoot biomass ratio was positively correlated with 15N cumulative uptake, suggesting the functional utility of root investment for nutrient acquisition. These results demonstrate that root proliferation in response to external nitrate is a behaviour which integrates local N availability and the systemic N status of the plant.
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) translocations, including hitchhiker introductions, alter zooplankton communities in receiving ponds
Authors: Branford Suzanne N. , Duggan Ian C.
Published: June 2017

In the present study we tested the effects of translocations from aquaculture facilities of grass carp, one of the most commonly used species in aquaculture globally, to constructed ponds in the Auckland region, New Zealand. Primarily, we were interested in whether zooplankton assemblages in recipient ponds are affected by the concomitant introduction of ‘hitchhikers’ with fish releases. Zooplankton community composition was quantified in 34 ponds that had been subject to grass carp release and 31 that had no grass carp introductions. A significant difference in zooplankton community composition was observed between ponds that had received grass carp translocations and those that had not. Differences in community composition between ponds with and without carp releases could be attributed to both the: (1) effects of activity of grass carp through habitat modification; and (2) establishment of hitchhiking zooplankton species originating from aquaculture ponds, including non-native species. Effective measures to curb the proliferation of non-native taxa within aquaculture facilities, and to mitigate the accidental movement of non-native taxa with translocations from these facilities, are required to reduce future zooplankton introductions.
Horizon poétique/projet traductif
Authors: Ivleva Krasimira
Published: June 2017

Cet article examine comment le canon poétique et traductif dans la Bulgarie communiste a influencé non seulement la sélection des auteurs et des titres à traduire, mais aussi la manière dont on traduit. L’analyse s’appuie sur un recueil de poèmes de Paul Éluard traduits en bulgare en 1953. Lorsque l’œuvre d’Éluard fut publiée en Bulgarie, la poésie politiquement engagée était un genre qui existait déjà dans la littérature bulgare et qui était très apprécié par le canon. Cependant, il y avait une différence substantielle entre la manière dont les poèmes politiques étaient écrits en Bulgarie et l’expression poétique d’Éluard, ce qui a eu un impact sur la traduction.

Les traducteurs s’écartaient de l’original de deux manières. Premièrement, ils intégraient une vision idéologique des poèmes d’Éluard en ajoutant ou en soulignant certaines images secondaires ou inexistantes dans l’original. En outre, ils réduisaient les métaphores complexes d’Éluard à des images standard à connotation révolutionnaire et militante. Deuxièmement, les traducteurs ajoutaient des nuances poétiques à l’écriture sobre de l’original. Des rythmes et des rimes étaient introduits, ainsi qu’un vocabulaire archaïque et des inversions poétiques.

Ces écarts peuvent s’expliquer par l’impact que le canon littéraire au sens large et les projets du traducteur individuel exerçaient sur la pratique de la traduction dans la Bulgarie communiste.
Creoles are not typologically distinct from non-Creoles
Authors: Fon Sing Guillaume
Published: June 2017

Typological approaches involving the study of Creole languages have long triggered an unsettled dispute among creolists. Some claim that Creoles do not differ from non-Creole languages, and can only be defined socio-historically and not structurally, while others claim that Creoles are ʺdistinctʺ in many respects, and/or form a special class with specific typological properties. In an attempt to settle this dispute,Bakker et al. (2011)drew on a phylogenetic approach to provide evidence that Creoles form a structurally distinguishable subgroup within the world’s languages. However, their methods and conclusions appear to be questionable, as they are likely to be flawed. Standing as a challenge to the aforementioned article, this paper will reconsider their methodological and empirical approaches by re-evaluating the sets of Creoles and non-Creoles on the basis of identical or near-identical principles. It will ultimately appear that their conclusion could be an artefact of the selection as well.
Individuals, populations, and timespace
Authors: Mufwene Salikoko S. , Vigouroux Cécile B.
Published: June 2017

In the present article we distinguish the concept ofecology of languageas articulated inMufwene (2001ff)from that ofecolinguisticsdeveloped especially byMühlhäusler (1996ff),Fill and Mühlhäusler (2001),Couto (2009), and several contributors toFill and Benz (to appear). We explain how Mufwene’secology of languageconcept, inspired primarily by macroecology, applies to language evolution. We articulate various factors internal and external to a language that bear on how it emerged phylogenetically, underwent particular structural changes, and, in some cases, may have speciated into separate varieties. The external ecology also influences the vitality of languages, rolling the dice on whether they thrive or are endangered. Because these particular phenomena have been elaborately discussed in Mufwene’s earlier publications, we devote more space to explaining how the notion oflanguage ecology, as others call it, also applies as a useful heuristic tool to qualitative sociolinguistics.
Sleeping with strangers
Authors: Benson Phil
Published: June 2017

Based on narratives from Hong Kong students on one-semester programmes at universities in Australia, Britain and Canada, this study focused on the emotional charge of expectations and day-to-day realities of homestay. It showed how, for many of the students, this emotional charge was related to the adoption of imagined identities as family members within the homestay. It also showed how a corresponding sense of inclusion or exclusion could arise from recognition or non-recognition of these imagined identities. The students’ experiences of homestay were often shaped by an expectation that a degree of emotional intensity within a family environment would lead to a successful language learning experience. Paradoxically, emotionally disturbing experiences could also contribute to a positive overall experience from the student’s perspective, if they led to a stronger sense of emotional inclusion. The experience was least satisfying overall in homestays where students were unable to feel this sense of inclusion.
The personal, linguistic, and intercultural development of Chinese sojourners in an English-speaking country
Authors: Jackson Jane
Published: June 2017

The number of Chinese students who are joining international exchange programs has increased significantly in recent years, with the majority enrolling in English-medium courses in the host country. To better understand how to prepare and support their learning, the present study investigated the developmental trajectories of 149 students from a Hong Kong university who participated in a semester-long exchange program in an English-speaking country. By way of questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews, and document analysis (e.g., study plans, responses to email prompts), this mixed methods inquiry tracked their evolving attitudes, motivation, and depth of investment in language and intercultural learning. As well as individual differences, the findings brought to light environmental factors that led to differing outcomes. While some participants developed more self-efficacy in English and meaningful intercultural friendships, others found it difficult to overcome language and cultural barriers, suggesting the need for interventions to bolster language enhancement and intercultural engagement.
The SAREP Project, ‘Study Abroad Research in European Perspective’
Authors: Tyne Henry
Published: June 2017

This research note presents a short synopsis of the recently established project ‘Study Abroad Research in European Perspective’ (SAREP), funded in 2016–2020 by the European agency COST (Cooperation in Science and Technology). The report outlines the aims and objectives of SAREP and gives details of the Working Groups. It also presents an overview of the first event held in Vilnius, Lithuania on 13–14 October 2016 followed by a further event held in Lund, Sweden on 6–7 April 2017, and gives further information on SAREP’s activities.
Translation and hegemonic knowledge under advanced capitalism
Authors: Baumgarten Stefan
Published: June 2017

Translation occurs in a context of power asymmetries. Using two English translations of Adorno’s seminalÄsthetische Theorieas an example, this paper elaborates an eclectic phenomenology of power structured alongside three symbolic images: the street market, the assembly line, and a technological gadget. By aligning some key concepts of critical theory with the evolutionary stages of capitalism, it will be argued that recontextualisations of Adornian thought in English may reflect the well-known antagonism between Adorno’s philosophical thought and the dominant scientistic mindset of mid-20th century American social science. Ultimately, this paper contemplates the extent to which Adorno’s Anglophone mirror image has been refracted through a positivist and neoliberal order of discourse that is at odds with the ideological, or utopian, convictions of German critical theory.
Humanum ex machina
Authors: O’Thomas Mark
Published: June 2017

Translation sits at the epicentre of the biotech era’s exponential growth. The terms of reference of this discipline are increasingly unstable becoming as humans interface with machines, become melded with them, and ultimately become a networked entity alongside other networked entities. In this brave new world, the posthuman offers a critical perspective that allows us to liberate our thinking in new ways and points towards the possibility of a translation theory that actively engages with other disciplines as a response to disciplinary hegemony. This article looks at how technology has changed and is changing translation. It then explores the implications of transhumanism and the possibilities for a posthuman translation theory. Ultimately, the survival of translation studies will be contingent on the survival of translation itself and its ability to question its own subjective, posthuman self.
Peripherality and Humor in the Iranian Art Film
Authors: Lippard Chris
Published: June 2017

This paper examines a range of post-revolutionary Iranian art films, mostly those watched primarily outside the country via festival screenings, in the context of the relationship between the tropes of peripherality and humor. It argues for the significance and complexity of both terms in the context of this cinema and of the global image of Iran and its peoples. Having examined a kind of humor based on the geographic periphery, specifically derived from relationships between technology, car, and camera, it concludes by reflecting on the advent of new technologies, and social constraints and opportunities in the Iranian art cinema today.
Models of coping with bereavement: an updated overview / Modelos de afrontamiento en duelo: un resumen actualizado
Authors: Stroebe Margaret , Schut Henk , Boerner Kathrin
Published: June 2017

Bereavement research is reaching the hundred-year landmark of the publication of Freud’s classic 1917 ‘Mourning and Melancholia’, an essay of great significance for subsequent theoretical developments, particularly — in the current context — with regard to the centrality placed on ‘grief work’ in coming to terms with bereavement. Where do we stand now, a century on, in our understanding of the nature of adaptive coping? In this article, after providing a summary of theoretical approaches across the decades of the twentieth century, we illustrate an important direction in contemporary research on coping, tracing this from the grief work notion to what has evolved into fine-grained examinations of confrontational-avoidant processing. A main thrust of recent investigation has been (1) to postulate and (2) to evaluate the efficacy of underlying mechanisms in relation to (mal)adaptive coping with bereavement: there has been systematic examination of regulatory cognitive-emotional processes in both clinical trials and more theoretically-focused studies. Evidence has become more conclusive; both types of investigation have benefitted from employment of newly available designs and techniques, and novel statistical methods. However, further establishment of the role of coping processes in (mal)adaptation is needed. We suggest directions for future research in this domain.
PATRIC as a unique resource for studying antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Antonopoulos Dionysios A , Assaf Rida , Aziz Ramy Karam , Brettin Thomas , Bun Christopher , Conrad Neal , Davis James J , Dietrich Emily M , Disz Terry , Gerdes Svetlana , Kenyon Ronald W , Machi Dustin , Mao Chunhong , Murphy-Olson Daniel E , Nordberg Eric K , Olsen Gary J , Olson Robert , Overbeek Ross , Parrello Bruce , Pusch Gordon D , Santerre John , Shukla Maulik , Stevens Rick L , VanOeffelen Margo , Vonstein Veronika , Warren Andrew S , Wattam Alice R , Xia Fangfang , Yoo Hyunseung
Published: June 2017

The Pathosystems Resource Integration Center (PATRIC, www.patricbrc.org) is designed to provide researchers with the tools and services that they need to perform genomic and other ‘omic’ data analyses. In response to mounting concern over antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the PATRIC team has been developing new tools that help researchers understand AMR and its genetic determinants. To support comparative analyses, we have added AMR phenotype data to over 15 000 genomes in the PATRIC database, often assembling genomes from reads in public archives and collecting their associated AMR panel data from the literature to augment the collection. We have also been using this collection of AMR metadata to build machine learning-based classifiers that can predict the AMR phenotypes and the genomic regions associated with resistance for genomes being submitted to the annotation service. Likewise, we have undertaken a large AMR protein annotation effort by manually curating data from the literature and public repositories. This collection of 7370 AMR reference proteins, which contains many protein annotations (functional roles) that are unique to PATRIC and RAST, has been manually curated so that it projects stably across genomes. The collection currently projects to 1 610 744 proteins in the PATRIC database. Finally, the PATRIC Web site has been expanded to enable AMR-based custom page views so that researchers can easily explore AMR data and design experiments based on whole genomes or individual genes.
Bundle in the Bronx: Impact of a Transition-of-Care Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy Bundle on All-Cause 30-Day Hospital Readmissions
Authors: Madaline Theresa , Nori Priya , Mowrey Wenzhu , Zukowski Elisabeth , Gohil Shruti , Sarwar Uzma , Weston Gregory , Urrely Riganni , Palombelli Matthew , Pierino Vinnie Frank , Parsons Vanessa , Ehrlich Amy , Ostrowsky Belinda , Corpuz Marilou , Pirofski Liise-anne
Published: June 2017

Background

A streamlined transition from inpatient to outpatient care can decrease 30-day readmissions. Outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) programs have not reduced readmissions; an OPAT bundle has been suggested to improve outcomes. We implemented a transition-of-care (TOC) OPAT bundle and assessed the effects on all-cause, 30-day hospital readmission.

Methods

Retrospectively, patients receiving postdischarge intravenous antibiotics were evaluated before and after implementation of a TOC-OPAT program in Bronx, New York, between July, 2015 and February, 2016. Pearson’s χ2 test was used to compare 30-day readmissions between groups, and logistic regression was used to adjust for covariates. Time from discharge to readmission was analyzed to assess readmission risk, using log-rank test to compare survival curves and Cox proportional hazards model to adjust for covariates. Secondary outcomes, 30-day emergency department (ED) visits, and mortality were analyzed similarly.

Results

Compared with previous standard care (n = 184), the TOC-OPAT group (n = 146) had significantly lower 30-day readmissions before (13.0% vs 26.1%, P < .01) and after adjustment for covariates (odds ratio [OR] = 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27–0.94; P = .03). In time-dependent analyses, TOC-OPAT patients were at significantly lower risk for readmission (log-rank test, P < .01; hazard ratio = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.32–0.97; P = .04). Propensity-matched sensitivity analysis showed lower readmissions in the TOC-OPAT group (13.6% vs 24.6%, P = .04), which was attenuated after adjustment (OR = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.25–1.05; P = .07). Mortality and ED visits were similar in both groups.

Conclusions

Our TOC-OPAT patients had reduced 30-day readmissions compared with the previous standard of care. An effective TOC-OPAT bundle can successfully improve patient outcomes in an economically disadvantaged area.
Survey of Gravitationally-lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI). I. Automatic search for galaxy-scale strong lenses
Authors: Sonnenfeld Alessandro , Chan James H H , Shu Yiping , More Anupreeta , Oguri Masamune , Suyu Sherry H , Wong Kenneth C , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Coupon Jean , Yonehara Atsunori , Bolton Adam S , Jaelani Anton T , Tanaka Masayuki , Miyazaki Satoshi , Komiyama Yutaka
Published: June 2017

The Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) is an excellent survey for the search for strong lenses, thanks to its area, image quality, and depth. We use three different methods to look for lenses among 43000 luminous red galaxies from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) sample with photometry from the S16A internal data release of the HSC-SSP. The first method is a newly developed algorithm, named YattaLens, which looks for arc-like features around massive galaxies and then estimates the likelihood of an object being a lens by performing a lens model fit. The second method, Chitah, is a modeling-based algorithm originally developed to look for lensed quasars. The third method makes use of spectroscopic data to look for emission lines from objects at a different redshift from that of the main galaxy. We find 15 definite lenses, 36 highly probable lenses, and 282 possible lenses. Among the three methods, YattaLens, which was developed specifically for this study, performs best in terms of both completeness and purity. Nevertheless, five highly probable lenses were missed by YattaLens but found by the other two methods, indicating that the three methods are highly complementary. Based on these numbers, we expect to find ∼300 definite or probable lenses by the end of the HSC-SSP.
Acute A4 Pulley Reconstruction with a First Extensor Compartment Onlay Graft
Authors: Jakubietz Michael G. , Meffert Rainer H. , Schmidt Karsten , Gruenert Joerg G. , Jakubietz Rafael G.
Published: June 2017

Background:

The integrity of the flexor tendon pulley apparatus is crucial for unimpaired function of the digits. Although secondary reconstruction is an established procedure in multi-pulley injuries, acute reconstruction of isolated, closed pulley ruptures is a rare occurrence. There are 3 factors influencing the functional outcome of a reconstruction: gapping distance between tendon and bone (E-space), bulkiness of the reconstruction, and stability. As direct repair is rarely done, grafts are used to reinforce the pulley. An advantage of the first extensor retinaculum graft is the synovial coating providing the possibility to be used both as a direct graft with synovial coating or as an onlay graft after removal of the synovia when the native synovial layer is present.

Methods:

A graft from the first dorsal extensor compartment is used as an onlay graft to reinforce the sutured A4 pulley. This technique allows reconstruction of the original dimensions of the pulley system while stability is ensured by anchoring the onlay graft to the bony insertions of the pulley.

Results:

Anatomical reconstruction can be achieved with this method. The measured E-space remained 0 mm throughout the recovery, while the graft incorporated as a slim reinforcement of the pulley, displaying no bulkiness.

Conclusions:

The ideal reconstruction should provide synovial coating and sufficient strength with minimal bulk. Early reconstruction using an onlay graft offers these options. The native synovial lining is preserved and the graft is used to reinforce the pulley.
Recovery from Bell Palsy after Transplantation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma
Authors: Seffer Istvan , Nemeth Zoltan
Published: June 2017

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are multipotent, and plasma contains growth factors involving tissue regeneration. We hypothesized that transplantation of PBMC-plasma will promote the recovery of paralyzed facial muscles in Bell palsy. This case report describes the effects of PBMC-plasma transplantations in a 27-year-old female patient with right side Bell palsy. On the affected side of the face, the treatment resulted in both morphological and functional recovery including voluntary facial movements. These findings suggest that PBMC-plasma has the capacity of facial muscle regeneration and provides a promising treatment strategy for patients suffering from Bell palsy or other neuromuscular disorders.
An Extremely Rare Condition: Unilateral and Isolated Temporalis Muscle Hypertrophy
Authors: Tuncel Umut , Gumus Murat , Kurt Alper , Güzel Nizamettin
Published: June 2017

Unilateral and isolated temporalis muscle hypertrophy is an extremely rare condition causing cosmetic problems and pain in the temporal region. Up to date, 8 isolated and unilateral cases were reported in the English literature. In this article, the authors report 2 new cases of unilateral isolated temporal muscle hypertrophy.
PREDICTIVE FACTORS OF VISUAL OUTCOME FOR VITREOMACULAR TRACTION SYNDROME AFTER VITRECTOMY
Authors: Yang Chang-Sue , Hsieh Ming-Hung , Chang Yu-Fan , Wang Chiao-Yu , Chen Shih-Jen
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

To assess the long-term functional and anatomical outcomes for vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT) after vitrectomy and to analyze the predictive factors regarding visual outcome.

Methods:

A retrospective, consecutive case series of 22 eyes in 22 patients with VMT who underwent vitrectomy to relieve macular edema were studied. Eyes were classified into two groups according to the diameter of vitreomacular adhesion based on spectral domain optical coherence tomography: Group 1 (14 eyes) focal attachment ≤1,500 μm; and Group 2 (eight eyes) broad attachment >1,500 μm.

Results:

Mean postoperative follow-up was 25.4 months (range, 6–68). The preoperative mean logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution visual acuity was 0.73 (20/107), which significantly improved to 0.49 (20/62) postoperatively (P < 0.01). Seventeen eyes (77%) had Snellen visual acuity improvement ≧ two lines, and nine eyes had improvement ≧ three lines. The improvement of visual acuity was significantly better in Group 1 than in Group 2 (2.7 lines vs. 0.8 lines) (P = 0.03). The preoperative mean central macular thickness was 563 μm ± 176 μm, which significantly improved to 298 μm ± 69 μm postoperatively (P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, better final visual acuity was significantly associated with Group 1 VMT (P < 0.01) and with shorter symptom duration (P < 0.01). Greater improvement of visual acuity was also significantly associated with younger age of patients (P = 0.02) and with Group 1 VMT (P < 0.01). In linear regression analysis, patients with longer symptom duration had worse final visual acuity (β = 0.02) and patients of younger age had greater visual acuity improvement (β = 0.008).

Conclusion:

Most patients of VMT gained significant functional and anatomical improvements after vitrectomy. Group 1 optical coherence tomography pattern, shorter symptom duration, and younger age are significant predictive factors of better visual outcome.
Nursing Management of Lumbar Drainage in Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Case Report
Authors: Ling Ling , Guo Lu , Wang Jingjuan , Zhang Lili , Zhu Jie , Huang Zhiyu
Published: June 2017

Raised intracranial pressure is a hallmark of cryptococcal meningitis and is associated with increased mortality. Continuous drainage of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid is suggested to control intracranial pressure. The complications induced by this treatment have been described. However, nursing care associated with identification and management of complications is less well known. We encountered a patient with human immunodeficiency virus–negative cryptococcal meningitis who developed increasing cerebrospinal fluid pressure, hearing impairment, and limb weakness. The patient’s symptoms improved significantly by antifungal therapy and continuous lumbar drainage. Nurses play a vital role in monitoring patients with lumbar drainage for complications and to maintain integrity of the system. The nursing role in this approach is discussed with particular emphasis on recognition of complications and responses toward immediate emergent intervention.
Disparities in access to pediatric hearing health care
Authors: Bush Matthew L. , Kaufman Michael R. , McNulty Beth N.
Published: June 2017

Purpose of review

There are significant disparities in care facing children with hearing loss. The objective of this review is to assess the current disparities in pediatric hearing healthcare delivery, describe the barriers of efficient and effective pediatric hearing health care, and explore the innovations to improve pediatric hearing healthcare delivery.

Recent findings

Children with hearing loss from certain geographic regions or ethnic background are significantly delayed in diagnosis and treatment. Multiple patient characteristics (presentation of hearing loss), parental factors (insurance status, socioeconomic status, educational status, and travel distance to providers), and provider barriers (specialist shortage and primary care provider challenges) prevent the delivery of timely hearing health care. Advances, such as improved screening programs and the expansion of care through remote services, may help to ameliorate these disparities.

Timely identification and treatment of pediatric hearing loss is critical to prevent lifelong language complications. Children from vulnerable populations, such as rural residents, face significant disparities in care. Careful assessment of these barriers and implementation of culturally acceptable interventions are paramount to maximize communication outcomes of children with hearing loss.
Induction Failure in Acute Leukemia or Parvovirus B19 Infection?
Authors: Tüfekçi Özlem , Yilmaz Bengoa Şebnem , Erdem Melek , Ören Hale
Published: June 2017

Parvovirus B19 infection may be seen in acute leukemia patients and clinical findings and cytopenia caused by the viral infection may complicate the evaluation of the remission status. Herein we present a standard risk pediatric acute lymphobiastic leukemia patient who developed myalgia, bone pain, bone marrow aplasia and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome at the end of the induction treatment and was diagnosed as having parvovirus B19 infection.
Associations Among Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms, Substance Use, and Affective Attentional Processing in OEF/OIF/OND Veterans
Authors: Liverant Gabrielle I. , Amick Melissa M. , Black Shimrit K. , Esterman Michael , Wisco Blair E. , Gibian Molly C. , Marx Brian P. , McGlinchey Regina E.
Published: June 2017

The majority of research examining affective attentional bias in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has not examined the influence of co-occurring psychiatric disorders. This study examined the individual and interactive effects of PTSD symptoms and substance use disorders (SUDs) on affective attentional processing among 323 veterans deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan. Participants were divided into those with SUD (SUD+, n = 46) and those without (SUD−, n = 277). Substance use disorder was determined using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Posttraumatic stress disorder was measured using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale. A computerized go/no-go task (Robbins et al., 1994, Robbins et al.,1998) assessed affective attentional processing. Relative to those without SUD, those with SUD showed a significant association between PTSD symptoms and increased omission and commission accuracy rates and decreased d prime. No effects of valence were found. Findings suggest the need to consider co-occurring SUD when investigating the effects of PTSD on attentional control.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status Differentially Associated With Genital and Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Chinese Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Qian Han-Zhu , Hu Yifei , Carlucci James G. , Yin Lu , Li Xiangwei , Giuliano Anna R. , Li Dongliang , Gao Lei , Shao Yiming , Vermund Sten H.
Published: June 2017

Background

Little is known about human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and genotypes when considering both anatomic site and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status among men who have sex with men (MSM) in low- and middle-income countries.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM in Beijing, China. HIV serostatus was determined, and genital and anal HPV genotyping were performed from respective swabs.

Results

Of 1155 MSM, 817 (70.7%) had testing for genital (611; 52.9%) and/or anal (671; 58.1%) HPV. Preference for insertive anal sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42–4.75) and syphilis (aOR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.01–2.23) were associated with genital HPV. Inconsistent condom use during receptive anal sex (aOR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.17–2.84), and HIV seropositivity (aOR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.91–4.42) were associated with anal HPV. Among 465 (40.3%) MSM with specimens from both anatomic sites, anal HPV (68%) was more common than genital HPV (37.8%). Prevalence of anal HPV was higher among HIV-infected than uninfected MSM (P < 0.01). Some oncogenic HPV types were more commonly found at the anal site of HIV-infected MSM (P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Human papillomavirus is highly prevalent among Chinese MSM. Anal HPV was more common than genital HPV, and HIV seropositivity was associated with oncogenic HPV types at the anal site.
Continuous Chest Compressions During Sustained Inflations in a Perinatal Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest Lamb Model
Authors: Vali Payam , Chandrasekharan Praveen , Rawat Munmun , Gugino Sylvia , Koenigsknecht Carmon , Helman Justin , Mathew Bobby , Berkelhamer Sara , Nair Jayasree , Lakshminrusimha Satyan
Published: June 2017

Objective:

Continuous chest compressions are more effective during resuscitation in adults. Sustained inflation rapidly establishes functional residual capacity in fluid-filled lungs at birth. We sought to compare the hemodynamics and success in achieving return of spontaneous circulation in an asphyxial cardiac arrest lamb model with transitioning fetal circulation and fluid-filled lungs between subjects receiving continuous chest compressions during sustained inflation and those receiving conventional 3:1 compression-to-ventilation resuscitation.

Design:

Prospective, randomized, animal model study.

Setting:

An experimental laboratory.

Subjects:

Fourteen newborn term gestation lambs.

Interventions:

Lambs were randomized into two groups: 3:1 compression-to-ventilation (control) and continuous chest compressions during sustained inflation. The umbilical cord was occluded to induce asphyxia and asystole. The control group was resuscitated per NRP guidelines. In the sustained inflation + continuous chest compressions group, sustained inflation at 35 cm H2O was provided for 30 seconds with 1-second interruptions before another sustained inflation was provided. One hundred twenty chest compressions/min started after the initial sustained inflation. The first dose of IV epinephrine was given at 6 minutes if return of spontaneous circulation was not achieved and then every 3 minutes until return of spontaneous circulation or for a total of four doses.

Measurement and Results:

All lambs achieved return of spontaneous circulation in a comparable median time (interquartile range) of 390 seconds (225–405 s) and 345 seconds (204–465 s) in the sustained inflation + continuous chest compressions and control groups, respectively. Four of seven (sustained inflation + continuous chest compressions) and three of six (control) lambs required epinephrine to achieve return of spontaneous circulation. Diastolic blood pressures were lower in the sustained inflation + continuous chest compressions (4 ± 2 mm Hg) compared to the control group (7 ± 2 mm Hg), p < 0.05. Paco
2, Pao
2, and lactate were similar between the groups during the study period.

Conclusion:

In this perinatal cardiac arrest lamb model with transitioning fetal circulation and fluid-filled lungs, sustained inflation + continuous chest compressions is as effective as 3:1 compression-to-ventilation resuscitation in achieving return of spontaneous circulation. Half the lambs achieved return of spontaneous circulation without epinephrine. continuous chest compressions during sustained inflation reduced diastolic pressures but did not alter gas exchange or carotid blood flow compared to 3:1 compression-to-ventilation resuscitation.