bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBELAJARAN ROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Jukhairin Muhammad , Saparudin
Published: June 2024

Pendidikan memiliki tiga isu krusial yang meliputi pembaruan kurikulum, peningkatan mutu pengajaran, dan pengembangan strategi pembelajaran. Kurikulum perlu diperbarui agar responsif terhadap perubahan sosial, relevan dengan tuntutan masa kini, dan mampu mengakomodasi keragaman siswa serta perkembangan teknologi. Peningkatan kualitas pengajaran harus difokuskan untuk mencapai hasil pendidikan yang lebih bermutu. Pengembangan strategi pembelajaran yang efektif menjadi penting untuk memberdayakan potensi siswa secara optimal.
Dalam konteks Pendidikan Agama Islam, tujuannya adalah menyediakan, membentuk, dan membangun kecerdasan siswa dalam memahami pengetahuan, tingkah laku, hasil, dan mengasah kemampaun dasar siswa  yang diperlukan di Tengah-tengah Masyarakat saat ini. Model pembelajaran yang berbasis masalah atau PBL merupakan suatu inovasi yang relevan dengan tuntutan abad ke-21. PBL mengacu pada karakteristik pembelajaran yang melatih siswa berpikir kritis, mengatasi masalah, berpikir sesuai dengan kenyataan, dan berinteraksi dengan lingkungan sekitarnya.
Metode penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti adalah  penelitian pustaka, yang mana data dan bahan yang  digunakan berasal dari berbagai sumber literatur. PBL merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa, dengan guru sebagai fasilitator. PBL mendorong siswa untuk aktif berpikir, mencari solusi untuk masalah, dan mengonstruksi pengetahuan mereka sendiri.
PBL memiliki beberapa langkah, termasuk klarifikasi konsep, merumuskan masalah, menganalisis masalah, mengumpulkan data, menguji hipotesis, dan menarik kesimpulan. Tujuannya adalah meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam berpikir kritis, analitis, sistematis, dan logis, serta mempromosikan sikap ilmiah, kemandirian belajar, dan keterampilan sosial. PBL memiliki manfaat seperti peningkatan pemahaman materi, peningkatan fokus pada pengetahuan relevan, pengembangan keterampilan kritis, sosial, dan belajar, serta motivasi siswa untuk belajar. Model ini mendorong siswa untuk aktif berpartisipasi dalam proses pembelajaran, mengembangkan pemahaman mereka sendiri, dan memecahkan masalah secara kreatif. PBL juga memfasilitasi pembelajaran berkelanjutan dan meningkatkan minat siswa dalam pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, PBL merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang relevan dan efektif untuk menghadapi tantangan pendidikan modern.
KEPRIBADIAN SANTRI MELALUI PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK DI PONDOK PESANTREN MIFTAHUL ULUM SUMBERJATI KADUR PAMEKASAN
Authors: Abidin Zainal
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis article describes the programs at Miftahul Ulum Islamic Boarding School Sumberjati Kadur Pamekasan which tend to build the personality of students. These programs provide the values of discipline and good moral habits. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of the research show that the implementation of moral education is carried out directly by ustadz and Muslim teachers. The inhibiting factors include the awareness of the students, the diversity of the students and limited infrastructure. Meanwhile, the supporting factor is cooperation between the ustadz, Muslim teachers and the students in forming the students' personalities.
ABSTRAKArtikel ini menguraikan program-program di Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Ulum Sumberjati Kadur Pamekasan yang bertendensi membangun kepribadian santri. Program-program tersebut memberikan nilai-nilai kedisiplinan dan pembiasaan akhlak yang baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendidikan Akhlak dilakukan langsung oleh ustadz dan muallim. Adapun faktor penghambat meliputi kesadaran para santri, beragamnya santri serta keterbatasan sarana prasarana. Sedangkan faktor pendukungnya yaitu kerjasama antara ustadz, muallim dan para santri dalam membentuk kepribadian santri.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN POINT COUNTER POINT (PCP) DALAM MATA PELAJARAN FIQH DI KELAS VIII-A MTS NEGERI 1 PAMEKASAN
Authors: Rohmah Nurul Hidayatur , Arif Saiful
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAK
Strategi pembelajaran merupakan upaya terencana dan tersusun termasuk juga dalam penggunaan metode dan pemanfaatan dari berbagai sumber daya yang ada dalam proses pembelajaran. Strategi Point Counter Point (PCP) merupakan suatu cara dalam proses pembelajaran yang memberikan kesempatan pada peserta didik untuk aktif dalam berargumen dari problem yang ada dalam pembelajaran. Dengan menggunakan penerapan pembelajaran seperti  Point Counter Point (PCP) ini diharapkan siswa bisa memperluas gagasan, bertukar pikiran antar teman, dan sebagai tambahan strategi dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas. Meskipun tidak menutup kemungkinan dalam penerapan strategi ini terdapat kelamahan dan kelebihan nya masing-masing.
Avaliação da Satisfação de Usuários do CAPS em uma Capital do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Feuerschuette Ana Paula , Franco Renato Soileman , Rossi Miguelangelo
Published: June 2024

Introdução: Os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) oferecem atendimento multiprofissional e funcionam em abordagem interdisciplinar, centrada na pessoa, na sua família e no território. No entanto, a eficiência do serviço depende do engajamento do usuário e, por isso, a sua satisfação é considerada um determinante fundamental. Método: Trata-se de estudo transversal, que correlaciona o perfil sociodemográfico e a satisfação de usuários de 13 CAPS em Curitiba, Paraná. Dados sociodemográficos foram coletados por meio de um questionário simples, já a satisfação dos usuários foi avaliada utilizando a Escala de Avaliação da Satisfação dos Pacientes com os Serviços de Saúde Mental (SATIS-BR). Resultados: Dos 100 participantes, 76% eram do sexo masculino, com idades entre 18 e 78 anos. A maioria estava desempregada (76%) e mais da metade (53%) tinha ensino médio incompleto. Com pontuação máxima de 80%, os usuários apresentaram-se contentes com o atendimento dos profissionais do CAPS. No entanto, foi identificada a necessidade de melhorar a comunicação dos planos terapêuticos e a infraestrutura do serviço. Conclusão: A satisfação dos usuários é alta, mas ainda é necessário investir na estrutura física e na comunicação entre a equipe e os pacientes, a fim de colaborar para eficiência dos tratamentos.
Дизайн книжкових видань із використанням ШІ (практики американського та українського книговидання)
Authors: Водолазька Світлана Анатоліївна , Крайнікова Тетяна Степанівна
Published: June 2024

У статті розглянуто юридичні та виробничі проблеми, можливості та перспективи застосування ШІ-систем у книжковому дизайні.
У серпні–грудні 2023 р. проведено якісні та кількісні дослідження  американського та українського книжкових ринків (моніторинг за ключовими словами на Amazon.com, нестандартизовані експертні інтерв’ю, дискурс-аналіз інтернет-ресурсів).
Згідно із зібраними на сайті Amazon.com даними, у підготовці 261 видання, де для ілюстрування використано ШІ, найчастіше застосовано Midjourney AI, DALL-E 2 та DALL-E.
Наразі ШІ-системи (Midjourney, DALL-E, Leonardo A.I., Adobe Firefly та ін.) не здатні створювати бездоганний та унікальний дизайн «під ключ». Серед виробничих проблем: функціональна обмеженість ШІ-систем, фактична недостовірність, брак індивідуального стилю, емоційної виразності в згенерованих зображеннях, несталість образів (проблема «катастрофічного забування») та ін.
Крім того, ШІ-системи схильні до плагіату. Виявлено основні юридичні ризики застосування ШІ: навчання ШІ на чужому контенті без дозволів, використання неперевірених стокових фото, невизначена ситуація з авторством тощо, що призводить до звинувачень у плагіаті та репутаційних втрат.
Однак мультимодальні ШІ-системи невпинно вдосконалюються, пропонуючи дизайнерам усе більші інструментальні можливості. Використання ШІ-систем у книжковому дизайні дає змогу: аналізувати тренди, знаходити ідеї та образи, які резонують з аудиторією; масштабувати робочі навантаження; заощаджувати час та кошти.
Зроблено висновок про переважання можливостей над ризиками технології, тому колаборація дизайнерів та ШІ-систем ставатиме все тіснішою задля досягнення найкращих результатів. З огляду на відворотність подальшої інтеграції ШІ в редакційні процеси, артикульовано потребу масштабної фахової перепідготовки книжкових дизайнерів.
PENERAPAN E-ARSIP DI PENGADILAN NEGERI KARANGANYAR KELAS II
Authors: Pebrianti Sri Astuti , Subarno Anton , Susilowati Tutik
Published: June 2024

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan e-arsip dilihat dari kinerja petugas kearsipan dan perangkat pendukung penerapan e-arsip di Pengadilan Negeri Karanganyar kelas II. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan snowball sampling dengan Ketua Pengadilan Karanganyar sebagai key informan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumen. Uji validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) e-arsip di Pengadilan Negeri Karanganyar ada dua yaitu SIPP (Sistem Informasi Penelusuran Perkara) dan PTSP Plus (Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Plus). 2) Kompetensi petugas arsip di Pengadilan Negeri Karanganyar masih kurang hal ini dikarenakan keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, kesulitan mengajukan tambahan pegawai dan petugas arsip yang ditunjuk tidak memiliki latarbelakang pendidikan yang sesuai dengan pekerjaan yang diberikan. (3) fasilitas pendukung dalam penerapan e-arsip di Pengadilan Negeri Karanganyar masih kurang. Cara untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut akan dibahas dalam artikel ini. Kata kunci: penanganan arsip, arsip elektronik, kompetensi arsiparis, perlengkapan arsip.
PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MASA COVID-19 PRODI PENDIDIKAN ADMINISTRASI PERKANTORAN FKIP UNS (Sudut Pandang Mahasiswa)
Authors: Nurafriliano Irvan , Murwaningsih Tri , Susantiningrum Susantiningrum
Published: June 2024

The research aims to analyze the online learning process, online learning barriers, solutions to online learning barriers in the FKIP UNS Office Administration Education Study Program. The method used in this study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach using primary data in the form of direct interviews using purpose sampling and literature study. The validity test used source triangulation and method triangulation. Based on the research results, the learning method used was blended learning between online learning methods and lecture learning using the latest information communication technology learning media in the form of the internet. The evaluations used directly were written, SPADA and oral tests. Barriers are in the form of quota and network constraints, accumulated task loads, motivation and learning environment. The solution obtained from these obstacles is the use of providers or Wi-Fi, more interactive communication between lecturers and students to build class relationships, using more ergonomic learning equipment.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN GAYA BELAJAR TERHADAP KREATIVITAS PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X KOMPETENSI KEAHLIAN OTOMATISASI DAN TATA KELOLA PERKANTORAN SMK NEGERI 1 POGALAN
Authors: Prasela Tita Adi , Murtini Wiedy , Ningharjanti Patni
Published: June 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui (1) pengaruh motivasi terhadap kreativitas peserta didik kelas X kompetensi keahlian otomatisasi dan tata kelola perkantoran SMK Negeri 1 Pogalan;(2) pengaruh gaya belajar terhadap kreativitas peserta didik kelas X kompetensi keahlian otomatisasi dan tata kelola perkantoran SMK Negeri 1 Pogalan;(3) pengaruh motivasi dan gaya belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap kreativitas peserta didik kelas X kompetensi keahlian otomatisasi dan tata kelola perkantoran SMK Negeri 1 Pogalan.

Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X kompetensi keahlian otomatisasi dan tata kelola perkantoran yang berjumlah 108 peserta didik. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional startified random sampling dengan 85 peserta didik sebagai sampel. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji prasyarat dan regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS 16.0.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan motivasi terhadap kreativitas peserta didik (thitung 4,132 > ttabel 1,989), (2) terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan gaya belajar terhadap kreativitas peserta didik (thitung 16,450 > ttabel 1,989), (3) terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan motivasi dan gaya belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap kreativitas peserta didik (Fhitung 476,996 > Ftabel 3,108).
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN EFIKASI DIRI TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN ADMINISTRASI PERKANTORAN FKIP UNS
Authors: Hidayat Azis Rahmat , Ninghardjanti Patni , Susantiningrum Susantiningrum
Published: June 2024

 The aims of the study are to determine: (1) the effect of entrepreneurial knowledge on interest in entrepreneurship (2) the effect of self-efficacy on interest in entrepreneurship (3) the influence of entrepreneurial knowledge and self-efficacy on interest in entrepreneurship. The research used quantitative proportional random sampling method with a total of 60 from 148 populations. Data collection by questionnaire. Analysis using multiple linear regression technique with analysis prerequisite test: normality test, linearity test and multicollinearity test. The results of the study: (1) there is a significant effect of entrepreneurial knowledge on entrepreneurial interest tcount is greater than the results of the t-test analysis obtained by the value of tcount (2.397)> ttable (1.984) the significance value is less than 0.10 (0.000 <0.10); (2) there is a significant effect of self-efficacy on students' interest in entrepreneurship, tcount is greater than the results of the t-test analysis, it is obtained that tcount (2.520) > ttable (1.984) the significance value is less than 0.10 (0.006 <0.10); (3) there is an influence of entrepreneurial knowledge and self-efficacy on interest in entrepreneurship. Fcount is greater than the value of Ftable (Fcount > Ftable, which is 11.988 > 3.92), the significance value is less than 0.10 (0.000 < 0.10) . The entrepreneurial knowledge variable gave an effective contribution of 13.70% and a relative contribution of 48.22%, while the self-efficacy variable gave an effective contribution of 14.67% and a relative contribution of 51.6%
Pengaruh pengawasan dan disiplin kerja terhadap semangat kerja pegawai Disdagnakerkop UKM Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Aini Aisyah Nur , Murtini Wiedy , Ninghardjanti Patni
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine: (1) whether there is an influence of supervision on employee work passion at Disdagnakerkop UKM Kabupaten Karanganyar; (2) whether there is an influence of work discipline on employee work passion at Disdagnakerkop UKM Kabupaten Karanganyar; and (3) whether there is an influence of supervision and work discipline on employee work passion at Disdagnakerkop UKM Kabupaten Karanganyar. Quantitative research approach with a correlational method. The research population is all employees, totaling 110 people. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling, with 86 employees as the sample. The data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique used the prerequisite test and multiple linear regression analysis techniques using SPSS v25.0. The results of this study explained that: (1) there is a positive and significant effect of supervision on employee work passion (tcount 2.868 > ttable 1.988 and a significance of 0.005 <0.05); (2) there is a positive and significant effect of work discipline on employee work passion (tcount 4.423 > ttable 1.988 and a significance of 0.000 <0.05); (3) there is a positive and significant effect of supervision and work discipline on employee work passion (Fcount 31.060 > Ftable 3.11 and a significance of 0.000 <0.05).
Penerapan i-pos dalam meningkatkan pelayanan pelanggan di PT Pos Indonesia Wilayah Surakarta
Authors: Nur Sabila Salma , Subarno Anton , Susantiningrum Susantiningrum
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine: (1) How is I-POS application at PT. Pos Surakarta in improving customer service. (2) What obstacles exist in implementing I-POS to improve PT customer service? Pos Surakarta. (3) What efforts need to be made by PT. Pos Surakarta in overcoming obstacles to the implementation of I-POS. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data sources are obtained from informants, places and events, documents, and archives. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. Validity test using source triangulation and method triangulation. The data analysis technique uses an interactive analysis model. The results of the study: (1) PT. Pos Surakarta has implemented I-POS to improve customer service, starting from collecting, processing, transportation, delivery, and reporting, with accurate and timely implementation. (2) The obstacles were an unstable network, errors and slowness, and an invalid I-Pos system. (3) Solutions to overcome obstacles are done by contacting the IT department to make repairs, developing and updating the I-Pos system, and reviewing the management information system of  I-Pos.
Pelaksanaan pelayanan jemput bola pada PT BPR BKK Jateng Cabang Karanganyar
Authors: Widyaningrum Lufiana , Murwaningsih Tri , Rapih Subroto
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine (1) the implementation of the ball pick-up system service and (2) the results of the CIPP (Context, input, process, product) evaluation of the ball pick-up system service. This is an evaluation research with a qualitative descriptive approach using the CIPP (Context, input, process, product) evaluation model. The results of the study are as follows: 1) the implementation of the ball pick-up system service includes the procedure for implementing the ball shuttle service program, the facilities and infrastructure of the ball pick-up service program and the implementing officers of the ball shuttle service program, (2) The results of: a) context evaluation shows that PT BPR BKK Jateng Cabang Karanganyar already has guidelines for implementing the ball pick-up system service, the targets served are all communities around Karanganyar Regency b) input evaluation shows that the facilities and infrastructure are quite adequate, training has been attended by all employees implementing the ball shuttle service, c) process evaluation shows that employee competence is good enough in providing services to customers, there is already an evaluation carried out every month there are supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the ball pick-up system service, d) product evaluation shows that customers have high loyalty to the company, the amount of savings and the number of customers has increased.
CLINICAL CASE OF CESTODOSIS OF THE RIGHT LOBE OF THE LIVER
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, KLYUSHKIN IVAN V. , ANISIMOV ANDREY Y. ,   Kazan Federal University, ZAKIROVA ALFIIA M. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Echinococcosis, belonging to the group of cestodosis, forms at one of the stages of development an echinococcal cyst with mechanical compression of the surrounding tissues. In the case of the addition of bacterial flora, infection of the cyst occurs and the formation of a volumetric inflammatory process in the affected organ. In the future, symptoms of an acute inflammatory process with the formation of an abscess are recorded, an inevitable opening of the abscess or its ossification occurs and the development of a clinical picture of involvement of neighboring organs in the process. Aim. Describe a clinical case of cestodosis of the right lobe of the liver. Material and methods. Patient B., 46 years old, was hospitalized in the surgical department with complaints of weakness, jaundice and slight itching of the skin. Conducted general clinical, laboratory and instrumental research methods. The article describes in detail the history of the disease, clinical manifestations, the results of laboratory and instrumental examination methods with pathomorphological examination of the cyst, conservative and surgical treatment with a description of the course of the operation. Results and discussion. The surgery was successful. The patient was discharged in satisfactory condition with a clinical diagnosis: cestodosis of the right lobe of the liver (echinococcosis), formation of S8 of the left lung, subacute thrombosis of the right internal jugular vein on the 26th day after the operation. Medical and labor recommendations were given. Conclusion. These data are necessary for practicing physicians in the differential diagnosis of various nosological forms and diseases of КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ ВЕСТНИК СОВРЕМЕННОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ 2021 Том 15, вып. 2ВЕСТНИК СОВРЕМЕННОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ 2022 Том 15, вып. 4114 internal organs for the correct diagnosis.
SERGEY PETROVICH BOTKIN: TO THE JUBILEE OF A DOCTOR, A TEACHER, A RESEARCHER AND PUBLIC FIGURE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, ZINKEVICH ELENA R. , KULBACH OLGA S. ,   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, ZAVARZINA NATALIA U. ,   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. On the 190th jubilee of Sergei Petrovich Botkin, an appeal to his memory of his merits is evidence of the caring attitude of the current generation to the Russian medical heritage, allowing to preserve the continuity of professional generations. Aim. The purpose of the study is to show the role of the personality of S.P. Botkin in the development of scientific clinical medicine, in the formation of military medicine field and sanitary medicine in Russia. In the course of theoretical research, significant personal qualities of S.P. Botkin, his clinical experience, the influence of research results on the development of the physiological direction of clinical medicine, the formation of Russian military field medicine and the military sanitary industry in Russia were revealed. Material and methods. The research was carried out based on of theoretical analysis of literature on the history of Russian medicine and medical education, letters of S.P. Botkin. The historical observation covers the period from the beginning of the 30s up to the 90s years of the XIX century. Results and discussion. The study of articles and materials illustrating the life path of S.P. Botkin, his achievements in the field of the physiological direction of scientific clinical medicine, military field and military sanitary medicine, allowed us to identify a number of individual and personal qualities of this person, which as a whole determined his professional formation and influenced the entire course of development of a number of branches of scientific and medical knowledge. Purposefulness, originality, charisma of the scientist, his perseverance and persistence, courage and creative passion have become significant personality traits that allowed his inclinations as a researcher, doctor, teacher and public figure to be revealed. Conclusion. In the course of theoretical research, it was possible to identify a number of significant personal qualities of S.P. Botkin, analyze his clinical experience, research, pedagogical and social activities, which made it possible to highly appreciate his contribution to the world medical science and practice, to the development of domestic public health, to the improvement of the military sanitary industry in Russia.
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF THE RUSSIAN POPULATION AS A KEY FACTOR OF DEMOGRAPHIC DYNAMICS
Authors:   Russian University of the People’s Friendship, KADYROV ZIYORATSHO A. , FANIEV MIKHAIL V. ,   Russian University of the People’s Friendship, PROKOPIEV YAROSLAV V. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy, FAUSTOVA KARINA V. ,   Russian University of the People’s Friendship, SEVRYUKOV FYODOR A. ,   Volga Medical Research University,  Nizhny Novgorod, VODOLAZHSKY DMITRY I. ,   Crimean Federal University, KRUPIN VALENTIN N. ,   Volga Medical Research University,  Nizhny Novgorod
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. The trends in birth and death rates over the last 25 years determine the negative demographic picture in the Russian Federation. The key factor influencing the birth rate increase is the reproductive health of the population. The low level is largely due not only to socio-economic factors, but also due to medical and biological factors. Aim. In order to preserve men and women reproductive health, it is extremely important to improve ways of preventive diagnosis of diseases and conditions that can lead to infertility, as well as to expand the methods of treatment in case when infertility is already identified. Material and methods. The analytical research of Russian and foreign publications to find mentioned problem solutions was conducted. Results and discussion. A large number of federal programs have been adopted and successfully carried out in recent decades because of the disappointing indicators of natural growth and also for overcoming the country’s birth rate crisis. These measures have led to some rise in statistical indicators but not enough to solve the problem. Large number of both social and medical factors affecting the reproductive health of the population and leading to infertility. In vitro fertilization procedures bring a significant meaning in this fight against infertility. But the matter is that nowadays clinicians and researchers from all over the world do not have an unambiguous attitude to this method. The reason is the large number of both positive and negative effects of the in vitro fertilization procedure, as well as the lack of information and study in this area. The question of raising the birth rate in Russia and preserving the reproductive health of its citizens remains open. Conclusion. One of the possible ways to solve this problem could be the creation of reproductive health centers that provide the population with narrow-profile diagnostics and qualified assistance from specialists, as well as implementing programs for the prevention of reproductive disorders in men and women. Lack of highly specialized doctors in this sphere is also the reason of inadequate diagnosis and treatment of infertility, it is necessary to expand programs for their education and training. It is also important to ensure access of relevant theoretical sources of information about the evidence-based medicine principles in reproduction - clinical recommendations, manuals for doctors.
DRUG-INDUCED LIVER INJURY - MODERN VIEW ON THE CORRECT PROBLEM
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, MOLOSTVOVA ALSU F.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. The high prevalence, variability of clinical manifestations, limited knowledge about the mechanisms of toxicity, the complexity of diagnosis makes drug-induced liver injury one of the unsolved problems in clinical medicine. The expansion of the pharmaceutical market, the growth in the number of uncontrolled medications put forward drug-induced liver damage in a number of urgent problems not only for hepatologists, but also for doctors of other specialties. Aim. Review of current scientific publications devoted to the study of drug-induced liver damage. Material and methods. A search and subsequent analysis of scientific publications devoted to the study of the issue of diagnosis and treatment of drug-induced liver lesions, published on the databases: Unpaywall, PubMed, eLibrary, CyberLeninka, MedLine, was carried out. Results and discussion. The article presents up-to-date data on the pathogenesis of occurrence, classification features, principles of diagnosis and treatment of drug-induced liver lesions. Pharmaceuticals that most commonly cause drug-induced liver injury are listed. Conclusion. Drug-induced liver injury covers a wide range of clinical conditions, ranging from mild abnormalities in biochemical parameters to acute liver failure. The vast majority of adverse liver reactions occur from 5-90 days after the last dose of inducer drugs. Many scientific papers have been devoted to the study of drug-induced liver injury, but clinical practitioners still have many unresolved issues related to the correct diagnosis and treatment of drug-induced liver injury. This is facilitated primarily by the uncontrolled prescription and intake of pharmaceuticals, the «fashion» for biologically active additives, which in its outcome forms the development of polypharmacy and, accordingly, the potentiation of hepatotoxicity of drugs.
PREVALENCE OF THE DIAGNOSIS OF «OBESITY» AMONG LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS
Authors:   Military Medical Commission of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in Tatarstan Republic, ISHKINEEV FARID I. , ISHKINEEVA FARIDA F. ,   Kazan Federal University, SAVELEVA ZHANNA V. ,   Kazan Federal University, KHUSAINOVA LILIA K. ,   Military Medical Commission of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in Tatarstan Republic
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. The issue of the prevalence of the disease among law enforcement officers is of particular relevance and urgency in connection with the problems of professional performance. At the same time, this socio- professional group was not in the focus of researchers’ attention in the context of the prevalence of the disease. Aim. Identification of the dynamics of the prevalence of obesity among law enforcement officers of the Republic of Tatarstan. Material and methods. A statistical analysis of the conclusions issued by the military medical commission of the medical and sanitary unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Tatarstan for the control 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2020 years with an interval of ten years, for the presence of a diagnosis - «obesity», by the method of summarizing and grouping data. The number of persons included in the study in 1970 amounted to 1922 people, in 1980 - 2928, in 1990 - 4530, in 2000 - 5061, in 2010 - 4617, in 2020 – 4109 people. All respondents are divided into 3 groups: those who are examined upon entering the service, those who are examined upon moving through the service, those who are examined before the upcoming dismissal. Results and discussion. The results of examinations of candidates and employees of the Department of Internal Affairs showed a steady trend towards an increase in the diagnosis of «obesity» among them. This trend is associated with risks not only in relation to the threat of reduced working capacity, but also with an increase in concomitant diseases, disability and mortality of both employees of the Department of Internal Affairs and the population as a whole. In addition, it poses a serious problem for the health care system. Conclusion. Obesity is a serious problem both for the preservation of professional ability to work and the prevention of concomitant diseases among employees of internal affairs bodies, and for the health care system in terms of the need to revise social policy, in particular, to organize work on the prevention and treatment of the disease.
RISK FACTORS DEVELOPMENT OF PERIODONTITIS IN PATIENTS IN THE POSTCOVID PERIOD
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University, KULIGIN ALEXANDER V. , KAZAKOVA LARISA N. ,   Saratov State Medical University, EDIKHANOVA KAMILA I. ,   Saratov State Medical University, TERESHCHUK OKSANA S ,   Saratov State Medical University, EGOROVA ANASTASIYA V. ,   Saratov State Medical University, MAHONOVA EKATERINA V. ,   Saratov State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. According to independent epidemiological research of World Health Organization (WHO) intact periodontitis occurs only among 2-10% of the population, while inflammatory periodontal diseases are detected in 90- 95% of cases. The awareness of risk factors and their impact on periodontal diseases in somatic pathology allows not only to reduce the aggressiveness of disease development with the help of preventive measures, but also to predict possibilities of the main disease development. Aim. To identify the nature of periodontal microvasculature disorders among patients during post-covid period. Material and methods. We performed laboratory hematological examination, arterial blood oxygen level estimation, Doppler microcirculation study of periodontal tissues in patients diagnosed with B 34.2 «Coronavirus infection unspecified» COVID-19 of medium severity in hospital and in outpatient clinic after recovery. We conducted a questionnaire survey of patients «Subjective characteristic of the general state at the time of the disease outbreak», «Subjective characteristic of the state of the oral cavity in the aftercare period». Results and discussion. The Covid infection is associated with changes in the blood coagulation in conditions of persistent hypoxia, which is confirmed by all the stated methods of research. Complaints of varying degrees of severity about poor general well-being and changes in the oral cavity were noted in 100% of cases. No clinical manifestations of inflammation of periodontal tissues causing concern were found in patients in the post-occlusive period during the initial examination, but Doppler examination showed significant microcirculatory disorders. Conclusion. Laser Doppler flowmetry as an additional method of investigation reveals persistent microcirculatory disorders of periodontal tissues on the basis of extensive vascular endothelial damage in patients post COVID-19 which are not clinically manifested at this stage.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC PROCESS INFLUENCE IN THE INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY ON THE HEMODYNAMICS OF BRACHIOCEPHAL ARTERIES AND THE CIRCLE OF WILLISIAN
Authors:   Pskov State University, TSVETKOVA NADEZHDA V. , SLUCHANKO EVGENIA I. ,   Pskov State University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. The wide prevalence of atherosclerosis, as the main cause of the pathology of the cardiovascular system, determines its medical and social significance. Currently, the diagnosis of atherosclerosis is carried out by Doppler ultrasound and radiopaque CT- angiography. However, the most promising direction in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis is the creation and implementation in clinical practice of simulation computer models of the atherosclerotic process. Aim. The aim is to develop a simulation computer model of brachiocephalic arteries with the circle of Willis in normal conditions and with atherosclerotic changes in the vascular wall for the diagnosis and early prediction of the development of vascular complications. Material and methods. Data of X-ray contrast CT angiography of brachiocephalic arteries and ultrasound Dopplerography of neck vessels 4 patients with varying degrees of stenosis were used in the work. A computer model of the atherosclerotic process in the brachiocephalic arteries and arteries of the circle of Willis was built in the Comsol Multiphysics program using the finite element method to calculate the quantitative characteristics of blood. A mathematical model has been developed for the movement of fluids in blood vessel (Navier-Stokes equation, continuity equation, equilibrium equation). Results and discussion. Based on the developed simulation model of the atherosclerotic process, an application focused on medical workers has been created. The functionality of this application allows the user to adjust the geometry parameters (size, number and location of atherosclerotic plaques in the vessels) and the blood flow rate in accordance with the requirements of the study. With this application, the user can create a personalized model for the study of patients with cardiovascular pathology. Conclusion. The created computer model of brachiocephalic arteries with the circle of Willis and the application developed on its basis can be used in clinical practice as an additional in support of other imaging methods method for diagnosing atherosclerosis and early prediction of its complications, as well as for studying the pathogenetic role of the atherosclerotic process in patients with cardiovascular pathology.
CLINICAL CASE OF ACROMEGALY IN A FEMALE PATIENT WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, NASYBULLINA FARIDA A. , PETROVA TATIANA A. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, MYAGKOVA NATALIA V. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, VAGAPOVA GULNAR R. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy, VALEEVA FARIDA V. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Acromegaly prevalence is 4.6 cases per 1 million person-years, and its rate is 116.9 new cases per 1 million person-years. At the same time, acromegaly manifestations can be insidious, and despite advances in this area, there are significant delays in the diagnosis of the disease, thereby worsening the prognosis for patients. Aim. To study the clinical course of acromegaly in a female patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and Methods. This article presents a clinical case of a 47-year-old female patient with the proven diagnoses of rheumatoid arthritis and acromegaly. Results and Discussion. Essentially, pathological process in rheumatoid arthritis is systemic autoimmune inflammation that most intensively affects the synovial membrane of joints with maximum intensity. Acromegaly-related arthropathy is a non-inflammatory disease, in which hypertrophy and hyperplasia of cartilage lead to the joint geometry perturbations and metabolic disorders in chondrocytes and, eventually, to degenerative changes. This clinical case is interesting, given the coexistence of two severe diagnoses that have a similar clinical picture of musculoskeletal damages. Conclusions. Related to the findings from this clinical case, attention should be paid to the importance of timely diagnosing acromegaly, considering potential influence of concomitant pathology on the clinical course of the disease
DIAGNOSIS OF MYOCARDITIS IN A CARDIOLOGIST’S PRACTICE
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, PODOLSKAYA ALLA A. , BILALOVA AIGUL M. ,   City Clinical Hospital № 7, Kazan, SHAYKHUTDINOVA ZULFIYA A. ,   City Clinical Hospital № 7, Kazan, ZAKIROVA ELVIRA B. ,   City Clinical Hospital № 7, Kazan, KIM ZULFIYA F. ,   City Clinical Hospital № 7, Kazan
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Diseases with EKG-detected infarction-like changes include myocarditis, pericarditis, hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, pulmonary embolism, aortic dissection, stroke, and subarchnoid hemorrhage. It is therefore extremely important to differentiate these diseases from true myocardial infarction, as the approaches to the therapy and management of such patients will differ fundamentally. Aim. To draw the attention of cardiologists and therapists to myocarditis as one of potential causes of erroneous diagnosis / overdiagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods. This study presents a clinical case of acute myocarditis, probably streptococcal, manifesting as acute coronary syndrome. Clinical, laboratory, and instrumental indicators and medical documents were analyzed. Results and Discussion. Analyzing this clinical case of a young patient and considering a pronounced pain syndrome (acute pressing pains in his heart area) lasting for 30-40 minutes and EKG-detected changes (sinus tachycardia with a heart rate of 93 per minute, ST elevation by 2 mm above the isoline in II, III, aVF, up to 1.5 mm in V5-V6), the physicians initially suspected acute coronary syndrome with ST-elevation. Taking into account his pain syndrome, subfibrility, inflammatory changes detected in laboratory examinations, EKG findings, and no local or global changes in echocardiography, acute myocarditis was suspected and then proven using cardiovisualization, namely magnetic resonance imaging of the heart, which allowed verifying the diagnosis and assess the nature and localization of myocardial damage complying with EKG-detected changes in the patient. After the inpatient treatment, the patient was discharged to the outpatient stage with improvement. Conclusions. The clinical case presented made it possible to suspect acute myocarditis manifesting as acute coronary syndrome with ST-elevation, while advanced cardiovisualization techniques finally proved the diagnosis of myocarditis. We can hope that a wider use of heart MRI will further enhance the diagnostic capabilities of this technique in cardiology.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VASCULAR CALCIFICATIONS AT MAMMOGRAPHY AND HYPOTHYROIDISM: CASE SERIES REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: PASYNKOVA OLGA O. , KRASILNIKOV ALEXEI V. , PASYNKOV DMITRY V. , FATIKHOV RUSLAN I. , KLYUSHKIN IVAN V.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Currently, mammography is widely used in the routine clinical practice and, along with detecting the changes that may be indicative of breast carcinoma, allows assessing the unaltered breast parenchyma and its feeding vessels with the diameter of at least 0.5 mm, particularly regarding calcifications. Hypothyroidism represents the deficiency of thyroid hormones, which is relatively frequently seen in the clinical routine and associated with multiple unfavorable outcomes. Aim: To present a series of clinical cases where we found typical breast vascular calcifications in female patients at mammography. Materials and Methods. This paper describes 3 patients of this type with long- standing uncompensated hypothyroidism, all having pronounced vascular breast calcifications. Results and Discussion. All the patients had no significant cardiovascular pathologies both at the first detection of vascular calcifications and during their 5-year follow-up. Hypothyroidism is associated with the decreased overall survival as compared to the euthyroid patients, particularly because it also increases the risk of chronic kidney insufficiency, adhesive shoulder capsulitis, senile macular degeneration, myocardial infarction, and chronic cardiac insufficiency. This makes timely identifying such patients very important. Conclusion. Pronounced vascular calcifications at mammography may be the marker of the chronic thyroid insufficiency. Moreover, this phenomenon and the link between such changes and adverse cardiovascular outcomes needs to be clarified in future clarification.
EVIDENT BREAST VASCULAR CALCIFICATIONS AS A PROMISING OSTEOPOROSIS MARKER
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, PASYNKOV DMITRY V. , PASYNKOVA OLGA O. ,   Medical institute of Mari State University, KRASILNIKOV ALEXEI V. ,   Republic’s Clinical Veterans’ Hospital,  Yoshkar-Ola, FATIKHOV RUSLAN I. ,   Kazan State Medical University, KLYUSHKINА YULIA A. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. There are about 16 million people aged 50 or older in the Russian Federation, who are affected by osteoporosis. At the same time, significantly many of these individuals undergo mammography, a diagnostic procedure that effectiently detects vascular calcifications. Aim. To assess the serum biochemistry parameters reflecting the bone turnover, as well as the bone densitometry values and fracture risk in women, depending on the degree of breast vascular calcifications found in mammography. Materials and Methods. We observed 56 women aged 39-81 years (average age: 63.66±1.24) sent to screening mammography in 2018. Results and Discussion. Patients who had newly discovered vascular calcifications showed a significant increase (6.98%) in their total serum calcium levels as compared to women without calcifications. Among women with calcifications, those with grade 3-4 calcifications had the highest median levels of both medium and maximum thyrostimulating hormone (TSH). Additionally, women with grade 1-2 calcifications had the highest median levels of maximum total serum calcium, which were significantly (3.7%) higher than those in women without calcifications and significantly (6.8%) higher than those in women with grade 3-4 calcifications. In women with 3-4 degree calcifications, both the mean and minimum values of the median T-test for L1-L4 vertebral body mineral density were 91% lower than in the group with grade 1-2 grade calcifications. Furthermore, they were 34% lower than in women without calcifications. Patients with grade 1-2 calcifications had the lowest risk of major fractures, as assessed by the FRAX index. At the same time, median of the minimum FRAX value during the follow-up period for patients with grade 1-2 calcifications was significantly (61%) lower than in women without calcifications. Furthermore, it was also significantly (70%) lower than in women with grade 3-4 calcifications.Conclusions. Detecting evident (grades 3-4 according to the classification we have proposed) breast vascular calcifications found in mammography is associated with the lower values of lumbar bone mineral density, indicating osteoporosis. This phenomenon primarily reflects the prospective fracture risk changes rather than retrospective ones, i.e. they precede the increase in the risk of osteoporotic fractures to the critical threshold.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN DIAGNOSING LEFT ATRIAL MYXOMA
Authors:   Interregional Clinical Diagnostic Center, Kazan, SADYKOV ANVAR R.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Left atrial myxoma is one of the most common benign cardiac tumors. Myxomas occur most frequently in people aged 30-60 years. This tumor is one of the most difficult to diagnose due to the different density of its structure. Aim. To present our own clinical case report on choosing the strategy of managing a patient with left atrial myxoma. Materials and Methods. Female patient N., 66 years old, was admitted to the Department of Cardiology at City Clinical Hospital 7, Kazan on a referral from the polyclinic with complaints of recurrent burning chest pain radiating to the left arm and occurring during physical exertion (walking up to 50-100 m), accompanied by dyspnea; increase in blood pressure up to 180/100 mm Hg, heart performance disorders, heart palpitations, dizziness, and high-blood- pressure-associated headaches. When writing this article, the authors used the patient’s source documents (her case history). The article details the current disease history, clinical manifestations, examination findings, and the approaches to choosing the patient management considering her age and clinical manifestations. Results and Discussion. Clinical manifestations of the disease set on in January 2023 with dyspnea occurring during accelerated walking and burning chest pain. Before her admission to City Clinical Hospital 7, heart pain syndrome had recurred. In view of the clinical manifestations of acute coronary syndrome, the patient was prescribed coronary angiography that detected multivessel coronary artery disease. Echocardiography detected congenital heart disease: Secondary atrial septal defect. Thrombus? Myxoma? in the left atrium cavity. Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart was performed to verify the diagnosis. This technique allowed us to determine her accurate diagnosis: Left atrium myxoma; atrial septal defect. Conclusions. Practitioners will need these data to choose the strategy of managing patients with left atrial myxoma