bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autocatalytic flow chemistry
Authors: Galanics Csenge , Sintár Virág , Szalai István
Published: June 2023

Autocatalysis is a crucial process of nonequilibrium self-organization in nature and is assumed to play a role in the origin of life. The essential dynamical phenomena of an autocatalytic reaction network are bistability and the development of propagating front when combined with diffusion. The presence of bulk fluid motion may widen the range of emerging behavior in those systems. Many aspects of the dynamics of autocatalytic reactions in a continuous flow have already been studied, especially the shape and dynamics of the chemical front and the influence of the chemical reactions on hydrodynamic instabilities. This paper aims to provide experimental evidence of bistability and related dynamical phenomena, such as excitability and oscillations in autocatalytic reactions performed in a tubular flow reactor, where the flow is laminar and advection is the dominating transport process. We show that the linear residence time ramp may result in the simultaneous appearance of different dynamic states along the length of the pipe. Therefore, long tubular reactors offer a unique opportunity to quickly explore the dynamics of reaction networks. These findings enhance our understanding of nonlinear flow chemistry and its role in natural pattern formation.
A real-world data validation of the value of early-stage SIR modelling to public health
Authors: Liu Taoran , Huang Jian , He Zonglin , Zhang Yin , Yan Ni , Zhang Casper J. P. , Ming Wai-Kit
Published: June 2023

Performance of Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model in the early stage of a novel epidemic may be hindered by data availability. Additionally, the traditional SIR model may oversimplify the disease progress, and knowledge about the virus and transmission is limited early in the epidemic, resulting in a greater uncertainty of such modelling. We aimed to investigate the impact of model inputs on the early-stage SIR projection using COVID-19 as an illustration to evaluate the application of early infection models. We constructed a modified SIR model using discrete-time Markov chain to simulate daily epidemic dynamics and estimate the number of beds needed in Wuhan in the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic. We compared eight scenarios of SIR projection to the real-world data (RWD) and used root mean square error (RMSE) to assess model performance. According to the National Health Commission, the number of beds occupied in isolation wards and ICUs due to COVID-19 in Wuhan peaked at 37,746. In our model, as the epidemic developed, we observed an increasing daily new case rate, and decreasing daily removal rate and ICU rate. This change in rates contributed to the growth in the needs of bed in both isolation wards and ICUs. Assuming a 50% diagnosis rate and 70% public health efficacy, the model based on parameters estimated using data from the day reaching 3200 to the day reaching 6400 cases returned a lowest RMSE. This model predicted 22,613 beds needed in isolation ward and ICU as on the day of RWD peak. Very early SIR model predictions based on early cumulative case data initially underestimated the number of beds needed, but the RMSEs tended to decline as more updated data were used. Very-early-stage SIR model, although simple but convenient and relatively accurate, is a useful tool to provide decisive information for the public health system and predict the trend of an epidemic of novel infectious disease in the very early stage, thus, avoiding the issue of delay-decision and extra deaths.
In-plane gate graphene transistor with epitaxially grown molybdenum disulfide passivation layers
Authors: Tsai Po-Cheng , Huang Chun-Wei , Chang Shoou-Jinn , Chang Shu-Wei , Lin Shih-Yen
Published: June 2023

We demonstrate in-plane gate transistors based on the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/graphene hetero-structure. The graphene works as channels while MoS2 functions as passivation layers. The weak hysteresis of the device suggests that the MoS2 layer can effectively passivate the graphene channel. The characteristics of devices with and without removal of MoS2 between electrodes and graphene are also compared. The device with direct electrode/graphene contact shows a reduced contact resistance, increased drain current, and enhanced field-effect mobility. The higher field-effect mobility than that obtained through Hall measurement indicates that more carriers are present in the channel, rendering it more conductive.
A novel effective bio-originated methylene blue adsorbent: the porous biosilica from three marine diatom strains of Nanofrustulum spp. (Bacillariophyta)
Authors: Golubeva Aleksandra , Roychoudhury Piya , Dąbek Przemysław , Pałczyńska Jagoda , Pryshchepa Oleksandra , Piszczek Piotr , Pomastowski Paweł , Gloc Michał , Dobrucka Renata , Feliczak-Guzik Agnieszka , Nowak Izabela , Kurzydłowski Krzysztof J. , Buszewski Bogusław , Witkowski Andrzej
Published: June 2023

In the present paper, for the first time the ability of the porous biosilica originated from three marine diatom strains of ‘Nanofrustulum spp.’ viz. N. wachnickianum (SZCZCH193), N. shiloi (SZCZM1342), N. cf. shiloi (SZCZP1809), to eliminate MB from aqueous solutions was investigated. The highest biomass was achieved under silicate enrichment for N. wachnickianum and N. shiloi (0.98 g L−1 DW and 0.93 g L−1 DW respectively), and under 15 °C for N. cf. shiloi (2.2 g L−1 DW). The siliceous skeletons of the strains were purified with hydrogen peroxide and characterized by SEM, EDS, the N2 adsorption/desorption, XRD, TGA, and ATR-FTIR. The porous biosilica (20 mg DW) obtained from the strains i.e. SZCZCH193, SZCZM1342, SZCZP1809, showed efficiency in 77.6%, 96.8%, and 98.1% of 14 mg L−1 MB removal under pH 7 for 180 min, and the maximum adsorption capacity was calculated as 8.39, 19.02, and 15.17 mg g−1, respectively. Additionally, it was possible to increase the MB removal efficiency in alkaline (pH = 11) conditions up to 99.08% for SZCZP1809 after 120 min. Modelling revealed that the adsorption of MB follows Pseudo-first order, Bangham’s pore diffusion and Sips isotherm models.
Experimental and theoretical investigation of the mechanisms of drying during CO2 injection into saline reservoirs
Authors: Sokama-Neuyam Yen Adams , Yusof Muhammad Aslam Md , Owusu Shadrack Kofi , Darkwah-Owusu Victor , Turkson Joshua Nsiah , Otchere Adwoa Sampongmaa , Ursin Jann Rune
Published: June 2023

A viable CO2 storage resource must have sufficient storage capacity, reliable containment efficiency and adequate well injectivity. Deep saline formations stand out in terms of storage capacity and containment efficiency. However, formation brine dry-out and salt precipitation in the near well region could impair CO2 injectivity in deep saline reservoirs, thus reducing their potential for CO2 storage. Core-flood experiments and analytical modelling were used to investigate various mechanisms of external and internal salt precipitation. Particularly, the impact of the extension of the dry-out region on CO2 injectivity was investigated. It was found that, for high permeability rocks, injection of CO2 at relatively low injection rates could result in salt cake deposition at the injection inlet especially under high salinity conditions. It was also found that extension of the dry-out region does not have significant impact on CO2 injectivity. Although the magnitude of CO2 injectivity impairment increased more than two-fold when initial brine salinity was doubled, real-time changes in CO2 injectivity during the drying process was found to be independent of initial brine salinity. We have shown that the bundle-of-tubes model could provide useful insight into the process of brine vaporization and salt deposition in the dry-out region during CO2 injection. This work provides vital understanding of the effect of salt precipitation on CO2 injectivity.
Amine functionalized benzene based hypercrosslinked polymer as an adsorbent for CO2/N2 adsorption
Authors: Moradi Mohammad Reza , Torkashvand Alireza , Ramezanipour Penchah Hamid , Ghaemi Ahad
Published: June 2023

In this work, benzene based hypercrosslinked polymer (HCP) as an adsorbent was modified using amine group to enhance CO2 uptake capability and selectivity. Based on BET analysis result, the HCP and the modified HCP provide surface area of 806 (m2 g−1) and micropore volume of 453 (m2 g−1) and 0.19 (cm3 g−1) and 0.14 (cm3 g−1), respectively. The CO2 and N2 gases adsorption were performed in a laboratory scale reactor at a temperature between 298 and 328 K and pressure up to 9 bar. The experimental data were evaluated using isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic models to identify the absorbent behavior. The maximum CO2 adsorption capacity at 298 K and 9 bar was obtained 301.67 (mg g−1) for HCP and 414.41 (mg g−1) for amine modified HCP. The CO2 adsorption thermodynamic parameters assessment including enthalpy changes, entropy changes, and Gibbs free energy changes at 298 K were resulted − 14.852 (kJ mol−1), − 0.024 (kJ mol−1 K−1), − 7.597 (kJ mol−1) for HCP and − 17.498 (kJ mol−1), − 0.029(kJ mol−1 K−1), − 8.9 (kJ mol−1) for amine functionalized HCP, respectively. Finally, the selectivity of the samples were calculated at a CO2/N2 composition of 15:85 (v/v) and 43% enhancement in adsorption selectivity at 298 K was obtained for amine modified HCP.
Evaluation of pharyngeal airway space after orthodontic extraction treatment in class II malocclusion integrating with the subjective sleep quality assessment
Authors: Vejwarakul Weerayuth , Ko Ellen Wen-Ching , Lin Cheng-Hui
Published: June 2023

Orthodontic treatment with premolar extractions is typically used to relieve dental crowding and retract anterior teeth for lip profile improvement. The aim of the study is to compare the changes in regional pharyngeal airway space (PAS) after orthodontic treatment with Class II malocclusion and to identify the correlations between questionnaire results and PAS dimensions after orthodontic treatment. In this retrospective cohort study, 79 consecutive patients were divided into normodivergent nonextraction, normodivergent extraction, and hyperdivergent extraction groups. Serial lateral cephalograms were used to evaluate the patients’ PASs and hyoid bone positions. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and STOP-Bang questionnaire were used for sleep quality evaluation and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk assessment, respectively, after treatment. The greatest airway reduction was observed in hyperdivergent extraction group. However, the changes in PAS and hyoid positions did not differ significantly among three groups. According to questionnaire results, all three groups had high sleep quality and low risk of OSA, with no significant intergroup differences. Moreover, pretreatment-to-posttreatment changes in PAS were not correlated with sleep quality or risk of OSA. Orthodontic retraction with premolar extractions nither exhibit significant reduction in airway dimensions nor increase their risk of OSA.
A foundational vision transformer improves diagnostic performance for electrocardiograms
Authors: Vaid Akhil , Jiang Joy , Sawant Ashwin , Lerakis Stamatios , Argulian Edgar , Ahuja Yuri , Lampert Joshua , Charney Alexander , Greenspan Hayit , Narula Jagat , Glicksberg Benjamin , Nadkarni Girish N
Published: June 2023

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a ubiquitous diagnostic modality. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) applied towards ECG analysis require large sample sizes, and transfer learning approaches for biomedical problems may result in suboptimal performance when pre-training is done on natural images. We leveraged masked image modeling to create a vision-based transformer model, HeartBEiT, for electrocardiogram waveform analysis. We pre-trained this model on 8.5 million ECGs and then compared performance vs. standard CNN architectures for diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, low left ventricular ejection fraction and ST elevation myocardial infarction using differing training sample sizes and independent validation datasets. We find that HeartBEiT has significantly higher performance at lower sample sizes compared to other models. We also find that HeartBEiT improves explainability of diagnosis by highlighting biologically relevant regions of the EKG vs. standard CNNs. Domain specific pre-trained transformer models may exceed the classification performance of models trained on natural images especially in very low data regimes. The combination of the architecture and such pre-training allows for more accurate, granular explainability of model predictions.
A Common East Asian aldehyde dehydrogenase 2*2 variant promotes ventricular arrhythmia with chronic light-to-moderate alcohol use in mice
Authors: Lee An-Sheng , Sung Yen-Ling , Pan Szu-Hua , Sung Kuo-Tzu , Su Cheng-Huang , Ding Shiao-Li , Lu Ying-Jui , Hsieh Chin-Ling , Chen Yun-Fang , Liu Chuan-Chuan , Chen Wei-Yu , Chen Xuan-Ren , Chung Fa-Po , Wang Shih-Wei , Chen Che-Hong , Mochly-Rosen Daria , Hung Chung-Lieh , Yeh Hung-I , Lin Shien-Fong
Published: June 2023

Chronic heavy alcohol use is associated with lethal arrhythmias. Whether common East Asian-specific aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (ALDH2*2) contributes to arrhythmogenesis caused by low level alcohol use remains unclear. Here we show 59 habitual alcohol users carrying ALDH2 rs671 have longer QT interval (corrected) and higher ventricular tachyarrhythmia events compared with 137 ALDH2 wild-type (Wt) habitual alcohol users and 57 alcohol non-users. Notably, we observe QT prolongation and a higher risk of premature ventricular contractions among human ALDH2 variants showing habitual light-to-moderate alcohol consumption. We recapitulate a human electrophysiological QT prolongation phenotype using a mouse ALDH2*2 knock-in (KI) model treated with 4% ethanol, which shows markedly reduced total amount of connexin43 albeit increased lateralization accompanied by markedly downregulated sarcolemmal Nav1.5, Kv1.4 and Kv4.2 expressions compared to EtOH-treated Wt mice. Whole-cell patch-clamps reveal a more pronounced action potential prolongation in EtOH-treated ALDH2*2 KI mice. By programmed electrical stimulation, rotors are only provokable in EtOH-treated ALDH2*2 KI mice along with higher number and duration of ventricular arrhythmia episodes. The present research helps formulate safe alcohol drinking guideline for ALDH2 deficient population and develop novel protective agents for these subjects.
Fast, noise-free atomic optical memory with 35-percent end-to-end efficiency
Authors: Davidson Omri , Yogev Ohad , Poem Eilon , Firstenberg Ofer
Published: June 2023

Coherent optical memories will likely play an important role in future quantum communication networks. Among the different platforms, memories based on ladder-type orbital transitions in atomic gasses offer high bandwidth (>100 MHz), continuous (on-demand) readout, and low-noise operation. Here we report on an upgraded setup of our previously-reported fast ladder memory, with improved efficiency and lifetime, and reduced noise. The upgrade employs a stronger control field, wider signal beam, reduced atomic density, higher optical depth, annular optical-pumping beam, and weak dressing of an auxiliary orbital to counteract residual Doppler-broadening. For a 2 ns-long pulse, we demonstrate 53% internal efficiency, 35% end-to-end efficiency, 3 × 10−5 noise photons per pulse, and a 1/e lifetime of 108 ns. This combination of performances is a record for continuous-readout memories.
High proton conduction in Ba2LuAlO5 with highly oxygen-deficient layers
Authors: Morikawa Riho , Murakami Taito , Fujii Kotaro , Avdeev Maxim , Ikeda Yoichi , Nambu Yusuke , Yashima Masatomo
Published: June 2023

Proton conductors have found diverse applications, such as electrolytes in proton ceramic fuel cells, which require high ionic conductivity at low temperatures and high chemical stability. Here, we report the oxide, Ba2LuAlO5, which exhibits proton conductivities of 10−2 S cm−1 at 487 °C and 1.5 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 232 °C, high diffusivity and high chemical stability without chemical doping. Ba2LuAlO5 is a hexagonal perovskite-related oxide with highly oxygen-deficient hexagonal close-packed h′ layers, which enables a large amount of water uptake x = 0.50 in Ba2LuAlO5·x H2O. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and neutron diffraction show the hydration in the h′ layer and proton migration mainly around cubic close-packed c layers existing at the interface of octahedral LuO6 layers. These results demonstrate that the high proton conduction allowed by the highly oxygen-deficient and cubic close-packed layers is a promising strategy for the development of high-performance proton conductors.
Amyloids and protein aggregation
Authors: Linse Sara , Knowles Tuomas
Published: June 2023

Sara Linse and Tuomas Knowles introduce the Chemical Science themed collection on the topic of amyloids and protein aggregation.
Direct count of fluorescent microspheres in a microfluidic chip based on the capillary electrophoresis method
Authors: Yang Jing , Li Zhenqing , Zhang Dawei , Yamaguchi Yoshinori , Xiao Wen
Published: June 2023

A microfluidic chip was proposed for the direct counting of fluorescent microspheres.
Bimetallic polymerization of lactide with binaphthol-derived bis-heteroscorpionate dizinc and dimagnesium complexes
Authors: Tansky Maxym , Comito Robert J.
Published: June 2023

Binucleating ligands based on BINOL and modular bis(pyrazolyl)alkanes provide tunable bimetallic cooperativity in polymerization catalysis.
Nano cocatalyst–catalytic system for boosting photothermal–photocatalytic water treatment enabled by visible LEDs
Authors: Ni Jiaxin , Wei Zongsu , Wang Aiwen , Liu Dongmei , Wang Wei , Song Xiumei , Xing Zipeng
Published: June 2023

Cocatalyst–catalytic system is rationally proposed in photothermal–photocatalytic water treatment.
Nanobubbles can modulate microbial communities and sedimentary ecosystem during the treatment of pond water
Authors: Wang Yadi , Zheng Jin , Cheng Jie , Zhou Runlong , Li Xueling , Hu Jun , Lü Junhong
Published: June 2023

Nanobubbles are applied in diverse water-treatment technologies.
Four novel sleep-promoting peptides screened and identified from bovine casein hydrolysates using a patch-clamp model in vitro and Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Xu Lu , Lan Yaqi , Liang Caowen , Liu Xingyu , Li Jun , Liu Fei , Miao Jianyin , Chen Yunjiao , Cao Yong , Liu Guo
Published: June 2023

Four peptides from casein hydrolysates have demonstrated sleep-promoting activities.
Bioinspired green-synthesized silver nanoparticles:in vitrophysicochemical, antibacterial, biofilm inhibitory, genotoxicity, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anticoagulant performance
Authors: Barabadi Hamed , Hosseini Omid , Jounaki Kamyar , Sadeghian-Abadi Salar , Ashouri Fatemeh , Mostafa Abdulabbas Alrikabi Ayat , Vahidi Hossein , Amidi Salimeh , Mojab Faraz , Mohammadi Neda , Mostafavi Ebrahim
Published: June 2023

Green-synthesized nanobiomaterials, for instance silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), can be engineered as smart nanomedicine platforms for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of various disorders, including infectious diseases.
Design, synthesis and evaluation of halogenated phenazine antibacterial prodrugs targeting nitroreductase enzymes for activation
Authors: Liu Ke , Xiao Tao , Yang Hongfen , Chen Manyun , Gao Qiwen , Brummel Beau R. , Ding Yousong , Huigens Robert W.
Published: June 2023

In this study, we have designed, synthesized, and evaluated new halogenated phenazine prodrugs that could lead to breakthroughs in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
Animal tissue-derived biomaterials for promoting wound healing
Authors: Cao Xinyue , Lin Xiang , Li Ning , Zhao Xiaozhi , Zhou Min , Zhao Yuanjin
Published: June 2023

This work highlights the animal tissue-derived biomaterials in the wound treatment field based on an evaluation of their critical properties, advanced design strategies and latest applications.
Hybrid artificial muscle: enhanced actuation and load-bearing performance via an origami metamaterial endoskeleton
Authors: Tian Boyuan , Yan Zhimiao , Li Qiang , Hu Xinyu , Tan Ting
Published: June 2023

This work presents an origami hybrid artificial muscle (OHAM) with mechanical integrity that demonstrates a high load-bearing capability, high blocked force and enhanced strain, providing design concepts for advanced environment adaptive soft robots.
Ferroelectrically tunable magnetic skyrmions in two-dimensional multiferroics
Authors: He Zhonglin , Du Wenhui , Dou Kaiying , Dai Ying , Huang Baibiao , Ma Yandong
Published: June 2023

Four-fold degenerate magnetic skyrmions are demonstrated in 2D multiferroics of Co2NF2. When interfacing with monolayer MoSe2, Ferroelectrically controllable skyrmion physics can be realized.
Pioneering research on blue “hot exciton” polymers and their application in solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Zhang Jiasen , Li Wei , Lyu Lingling , Wei Qiang , Meng Yuanyuan , Li Deli , Wang Zhichuan , Luo Ming , Du Songyu , Xu Xu , Zhang Xiaoli , Xie Guohua , Ge Ziyi
Published: June 2023

Molecular orbital management strategy has enabled the first “hot excitons” polymer materials with multiple excitons transfer channels between Tn and Sm states and the large spin–orbit coupling between the energetically close Tn and Sm states.
Giant coercivity enhancement in a room-temperature van der Waals magnet through substitutional metal-doping
Authors: Ahn Hyo-Bin , Jung Soon-Gil , Lim Hyungjong , Kim Kwangsu , Kim Sanghoon , Park Tae-Eon , Park Tuson , Lee Changgu
Published: June 2023

When Ni is doped in Fe3GaTe2, the coercivity significantly increases even at room temperature, which is due to the domain pinning effect.
Thermo-electro-optical properties of seamless metallic nanowire networks for transparent conductor applications
Authors: Esteki K. , Curic D. , Manning H. G. , Sheerin E. , Ferreira M. S. , Boland J. J. , Rocha C. G.
Published: June 2023

Seamless metallic nanowire networks can exhibit prominent electrical conductance, high optical transmittance, and intriguing thermal properties, prone to transparent conductor applications.
Poly(silyl ether)s (silyl ether copolymers) via hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds
Authors: Luleburgaz Serter , Tunca Umit , Durmaz Hakan
Published: June 2023

This mini review highlights the synthesis of poly(silyl ether)s (PSE)s through hydrosilylation and dehydrogenative cross-coupling polymerization routes in the presence of various catalysts.
Photoinduced sulfonylation cyclization to medium-sized benzo[b]azocine and mechanistic insight
Authors: Zhao Dongyang , Sun Kai , Tian Miao , Yan Bingfei , Li Wenzuo , Sun Qing , Zheng Guangfan , Zhang Qian
Published: June 2023

A novel light induced 8-endo sulfonyl cyclization to medium-sized benzo[b]azocines is developed. DFT calculations rationalize the rate-determining step and chemoselectivity observed in this transformation.
Novel dual-enzyme system for synthesis of 2-alkyl and 2-arylbenzoxazoles via aerobic oxidation
Authors: Li Fengxi , Xu Yaning , Xu Yuelin , Ma Jinglin , Xie Hanqing , Yang Hengzheng , Han Weiwei , Wang Chunyu , Li Zhengqiang , Wang Lei
Published: June 2023

A novel urease–artificial Vitreoscilla hemoglobin metalloenzyme (ArVHbM) system for the synthesis of 2-alkyl and 2-arylbenzoxazoles in mild condition.
A mannose-functionalized pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular fluorescent probe for real-time monitoring of gemcitabine delivery to cancer cells
Authors: Chao Shuang , Huang Pei , Shen Ziyan , Pei Yuxin , Lv Yinghua , Lu Yuchao , Pei Zhichao
Published: June 2023

A novel pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular fluorescent probe was constructed for the real-time monitoring of the nonfluorescent drug gemcitabine delivered to cancer cells.
A high-performance, all-solid-state Na+ selective sensor printed with eco-friendly conductive ink
Authors: Wang Dengke , Zhang Wanggang , Wang Jian , Li Xiaohong , Liu Yiming
Published: June 2023

A highly conductive ink printing sensor for sweat detection.
Predicting band gaps of MOFs on small data by deep transfer learning with data augmentation strategies
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Zhang Chengwei , Zhang Yutao , Deng Shengwei , Yang Yun-Fang , Su An , She Yuan-Bin
Published: June 2023

Pretrained deep learning models are fine-tuned by our porphyrin-based MOF database using data augmentation strategies to demonstrate how deep transfer learning can predict the properties of MOFs with limited training data.
A metal-free and transparent light-emitting device by sequential spray-coating fabrication of all layers including PEDOT:PSS for both electrodes
Authors: Auroux Etienne , Huseynova Gunel , Ràfols-Ribé Joan , Miranda La Hera Vladimir , Edman Ludvig
Published: June 2023

We report on the spray-coating fabrication of a complete metal-free light-emitting electrochemical cell featuring PEDOT:PSS as both electrodes, which is semi-transparent in the off-state and delivers bright emission in the on-state.
Engineering the microenvironment of electron transport layers with nickle single-atom sites for boosting photoelectrochemical performance
Authors: Qin Ying , Tan Rong , Wen Jing , Huang Qikang , Wang Hengjia , Liu Mingwang , Li Jinli , Wang Canglong , Shen Yan , Hu Liuyong , Gu Wenling , Zhu Chengzhou
Published: June 2023

An original electron transport layer modulated by carbon-supported Ni single atoms is proposed to modify CuO-based photocathode, thus promoting carrier separation efficiency and the development of photoelectrochemical interface engineering.
From monomer to micelle: a facile approach to the multi-step synthesis of block copolymers via inline purification
Authors: Voorter Pieter-Jan , Dev Gayathri , Buckinx Axel-Laurenz , Dai Jinhuo , Subramanian Priya , Kumar Anil , Cameron Neil R. , Junkers Tanja
Published: June 2023

A one-pass continuous flow strategy to form block copolymer nanoaggregates directly from monomers is presented.
Stereoselective two-carbon ring expansion of allylic amines via electronic control of palladium-promoted equilibria
Authors: Mikan Charles P. , Matthews Aidan , Harris Daniel , McIvor Charlotte E. , Waddell Paul G. , Sims Mark T. , Knowles Jonathan P.
Published: June 2023

Palladium-catalysed allylic amine rearrangements enable the ring expansion of 5- and 6-membered cyclic amines to their azepane and azocane homologues. Reaction conditions are mild and tolerate a range of functionality, including aryl halides.
Dynamics of elastoviscoplastic filament stretching
Authors: Moschopoulos P. , Kouni E. , Psaraki K. , Dimakopoulos Y. , Tsamopoulos J.
Published: June 2023

Simulations reveal a cylindrical neck which connects the upper and the lower parts of the filament during stretching of yield stress material when elasticity is accounted for which agrees with experiments but when it is not the neck is not predicted.
An integrated green process for the extraction of triterpenic acids fromEucalyptus globulusleaves after hydrodistillation
Authors: Oliveira Cátia S. D. , Moreira Patrícia , Cruz Maria T. , Pereira Cláudia M. F. , Gaspar Alexandre , Neto Carlos Pascoal , Pinto Paula C. R. O. , Branco Pedro Costa , Silva Artur M. S. , Santos Sónia A. O. , Silvestre Armando J. D.
Published: June 2023

An integrated process usingEucalyptus globulusessential oil as a bio-based solvent to extract triterpenic acids from hydrodistilled leaves is discussed.
Design of trifunctional catalysts for promoting sequential condensation, deoxygenation, and aromatization of pyrolyzed mixed waste
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed H. M. , Batalha Nuno , Karim Mohammad Rezaul , Alnaser Ibrahim Abdullah , Yamauchi Yusuke , Kaneti Yusuf Valentino , Konarova Muxina
Published: June 2023

The trifunctional catalysts, Mg–Pt/meso-ZSM and Mg–Ni/meso-ZSM exhibit a higher increase in oil yield and enhanced selectivity toward alkenes and alkanes in oil than commercial ZSM-5 catalyst.
Conjugated polymers and small molecules containing the thiophene–vinylene–thiophene (TVT) unit for organic photovoltaic applications
Authors: Wang Zongtao , Lei Peng , Dong Chuanqi , Cong Peiqing , Geng Yanfang , Chen You , Zeng Qingdao , Tang Ailing , Zhou Erjun
Published: June 2023

Thiophene–vinylene–thiophene (TVT) is a well-known building block of organic photovoltaic materials because of its tunable optical absorption, strong molecular aggregation, and high charge mobility.
Amphoteric metal–organic framework subnanochannels with pH-tuneable cation and anion sieving properties
Authors: Hou Jue , Zhang Huacheng , Wang Huanting , Thornton Aaron W. , Konstas Kristina
Published: June 2023

UiO-66-type amphoteric metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) containing both amino and carboxylic groups are synthesized and grown within PET subnanochannels to investigate the influence of functional groups on the cation/anion ion transport properties.
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as effectual diagnostic and therapeutic tools for cancer
Authors: Gulati Shikha , Choudhury Akangkha , Mohan Gauravya , Katiyar Riya , Kurikkal M P Mohammed Abaan , Kumar Sanjay , Varma Rajender S.
Published: June 2023

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) that comprise metal ions combined with assorted organic linkers have been utilized as tools in cancer therapy.
Development of superior nanotheranostic agents with indocyanine green-conjugated poly(styrene-alt-maleic acid) nanoparticles for tumor imaging and phototherapy
Authors: Wang Jiale , Yang Chendong , Gao Yanan , Wu Xuanjun
Published: June 2023

Superior cancer nanotheranostic agents based on indocyanine green (ICG) conjugated poly(styrene-alt-maleic acid) nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed. Administration of the NPs plus the 808 nm laser irradiation led to excellent ablation of tumors.
Optical and electronic properties of different thin-film polymorphs of PDIF-CN2 controlled by zone-casting conditions
Authors: Herrmann Niklas J. , von Coelln Nadine , Teichgreber Robin M. , Höfener Sebastian , Huck Christian , Ghalami Farhad , Settele Simon , Hertzog Manuel , Elstner Marcus , Tegeder Petra , Herzig Eva M. , Zaumseil Jana
Published: June 2023

PDIF-CN2 is zone-cast from different solvents to create different polymorphs. The structure of the new thin film polymorph is identified.
Freely-shapable fabrication of aerogel patterns and 3D architectures by freeze-assisted transfer printing
Authors: Li Wenbo , Liu Jing , Liu Danyang , Li Jing , Wang Jiawei , Li Jiongli , Wang Xudong , Su Meng , Li Chunbao , Song Yanlin
Published: June 2023

The methodology of freeze assisted transfer printing was proposed for the high-throughput patterning of aerogels into miniature arrays and 3D architectures. The broad material applicability makes it a useful tool for designing functional devices.
Ga(IO3)3: a mid-IR nonlinear optical iodate with balanced performance between band gap and second harmonic generation response
Authors: Wang Dandan , Zhang Xinyuan , Gong Pifu , Lin Zheshuai , Hu Zhanggui , Wu Yicheng
Published: June 2023

Ga(IO3)3was successfully obtained with balanced performance between band gap and second harmonic generation response.
Design of two-dimensional organic–inorganic heterostructures for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Chen Jun , Ye Weiping , Wang Shuai , Cao Kunyao , Zhang Yue , Wen Jia yue , Zhao Rui , Xue Weidong
Published: June 2023

2D organic–inorganic heterostructural composites are prepared based on the intercalation strategy, and the optimal EAB of composites is 6.0 GHz.
Large-scale turbulent driving regulates star formation in high-redshift gas-rich galaxies
Authors: Brucy Noé , Hennebelle Patrick , Colman Tine , Iteanu Simon
Published: June 2023

Context. The observed star formation rate (SFR) in galaxies is well below what it should be if gravitational collapse alone were at play. There is still no consensus about the main process that cause the regulation of the SFR.

Aims. It has recently been shown that one candidate that might regulate star formation, the feedback from massive stars, is suitable only if the mean column density at the kiloparsec scale is lower than ≈20 M⊙ pc−2. On the other hand, intense large-scale turbulent driving might slow down star formation in high-density environments to values that are compatible with observations. In this work, we explore the effect of the nature and strength of the turbulent driving, as well as the effect of the magnetic field.

Methods. We performed a large series of feedback-regulated numerical simulations of the interstellar medium in which bidimensional large-scale turbulent driving was also applied. We determined the driving intensity needed to reproduce the Schmidt-Kennicutt relation for several gas column densities, magnetization, and driving compressibility.

Results. We confirm that in the absence of turbulent forcing and even with a substantial magnetic field, the SFR is too high, particularly at a high column density, compared to the Schmidt-Kennicutt relation. We find that the SFR outcome strongly depends on the initial magnetic field and on the compressibility of the turbulent driving. As a consequence, a higher magnetic field in high column density environment may lower the energy necessary to sustain a turbulence that is sufficiently intense to regulate star formation.

Conclusions. Stellar feedback does not seem to be sufficient to regulate star formation in gas-rich galaxies where large-scale turbulent driving may be needed. The sources of this large-scale turbulence as well as its characteristics, such as its intensity, compressibility, and anisotropy, need to be understood and quantified.
Estimating source distances for high-energy neutrinos: A method for improving electromagnetic follow-up searches
Authors: Pradier Thierry
Published: June 2023

High-energy neutrino telescopes such as ICECUBEor KM3NET issue public alerts describing the characteristics of possible astrophysical high-energy neutrino events. This information, particularly with respect to the arrival direction and the associated uncertainty of the neutrino candidates, is used by observatories to search for possible electromagnetic counterparts. Such searches are complicated by the size of localisation areas, which can be up to tens of squared degrees or more, coupled with the absence of constraints on the distance or nature of the possible source – in contrast to gravitational wave alerts issued by instruments such as LIGO/VIRGO. Here, we describe a method for deriving a probable distance interval for the astrophysical source that may possibly be associated with a high-energy neutrino event, which may then be used in a cross-matching with galaxy catalogues to search for plausible electromagnetic counterparts. This study is intended to serve as a guide for high-energy neutrino followup campaigns.
Investigation of Processing of Brine of Lake Karaumbet and Barsakelmes for Magnesium Hydroxide
Authors: Mansurov Tolmas , Bobokulova Oygul , Absattorov Diyorbek , Usmanov Ilkham , Samadiy Murodjon
Published: June 2023

The results of studies on the processing of brine from lakes Karaumbet and Barsakelmes for magnesium hydroxide from sodium and calcium hydroxide solutions purified by distillation liquid, sodium carbonate, and barium chloride are presented. Desulfation of the wound with the distiller’s liquid was carried out at a CaO rate of the distiller’s liquid of 100% sulfate ions. Excess calcium was precipitated with sodium carbonate, and additional purification by sulfate ions was carried out with barium chloride at a rate of 95-98% of stoichiometry. As a result, the residual content of sulfate did not exceed 0.07 % or 0.010 % in terms of calcium sulfate. The optimal technological norms of the process were established - the norm of sodium and calcium hydroxides is 100-105% of the stoichiometry, the temperature is 25°C, and the duration of the process is 120 minutes. At the same time, the filtration rate for the solution is 725.21 kg/m2·h, and for the dry residue 75.80 kg/m2·h. The optimum temperature for the filtration stage is 50–60°C, at which the degree of magnesium precipitation is 97.11–99.41%. The separation of the liquid and solid phases by centrifugation proceeds quite quickly in the first 6 minutes and is 91.86% of the initial amount, after 10 minutes - 95.66%, and after 15 minutes - 97.15. S:L at the same time changes from 1:8 to 1:2 and 1:1, respectively.
Bioenergy component of seeds and green mass of indian pea in various growing conditions
Authors: Zaitsev Sergey , Babushkin Denis , Leovkina Albina , Svetlov Vladislav , Marakaeva Tatiana
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of studying cultivars of indian pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) under the conditions of the Nizhnevolzhsky (Saratov) and West Siberian (Omsk) regions of the Russian Federation. Indianpea serves a variety of purposes: compound feed, forage, an alternative source of protein for the population, due to the high protein content in seeds and mature leaves. In the arid conditions of the Russian Federation, the indianpea is able to occupy its own agronomic niche and become an additional source of replenishing cheap protein and improving the quality of the forage base. In this connection, a study of four varieties of the indianpea breeding of the 1Russian Research Institute for Sorghum and Maize "Rossorgo" (Racheika, Zhemchuzhina, Elena, Mramornya) was carried out according to economically valuable parameters, data were obtained on the biochemical composition of seeds and green mass, and an assessment was carried out on bioenergetic parameters. The influence of factors “A”, “B” and their interaction “AB” on the manifestation of signs was noted. According to the results of a two-factor analysis of variance, it follows that the factor of growing conditions (A) has the greatest influence on the seed yield index – 64.2%, and the yield of green mass - the genotype factor (B) - 59.5%. The study revealed a high protein content in seeds (28.3-31.1%) and green mass (21.0-26.3%). Determination of the biochemical composition makes it possible to evaluate varieties in terms of gross energy output with seeds and green mass. According to the parameters of the bioenergetic efficiency of seeds, the best indicators were found in the varieties Elena and Zhemchuzhina. Variety Elena was distinguished by the highest content of total energy in the green mass of 48.0-94.8 GJ/ha. Variety Zhemchuzhina was characterized by the maximum content of total energy in the grown seed crop – 26.0-29.3 GJ/ha, the largest increment in gross energy – 12.6 GJ/ha and the highest energy efficiency coefficient of all four varieties – 1.94.
Crop production trends in the context of the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation
Authors: Sentishcheva Elena , Parchomchuk Marina , Kuzmina Violetta , Golovin Alexey
Published: June 2023

The article examines the dynamics of achieving the main targets for crop production in the Russian Federation and identifies the nature of the problems associated with under-fulfillment of some indicators for crop production. The commodity structure of the export/import of the Russian Federation for crop production for 2021, the dynamics of expansion and the structure of the acreage of agricultural crops are analyzed, information is provided on the achievement of the planned values of indicators for 2021, it is proved that Russia has reached the values of food security in almost all key areas: grain, vegetable oil, sugar, etc. The results showed that there are still a number of unresolved problems, including investing in domestic agricultural science and their effectiveness, reducing the human potential of innovative activity of the Russian agro-industrial complex, inefficiency of communications between key stakeholders, resource provision of the agro-industrial complex.
Implementing Cleaner Production Technologies: General Aspects
Authors: Prigozhin Vyacheslav , Zheng Wei , Lee Faye
Published: June 2023

This article presents an overview of the main aspects of cleaner production as a preventive environmental strategy that integrates into production processes to make them more environmentally efficient in terms of the use of resources and raw materials, among others. Reference is made to the general aspects of environmental impact focused on production systems, the origin and general evolution of the concept, as well as its definition, general aspects, advantages and difficulties for its implementation. In general, it is concluded that cleaner production is a strategy that can help to reduce the environmental impact of different production systems; however, activities are needed to disseminate and make it known to various stakeholders, and to emphasize the social, environmental and economic benefits that its application can bring.
Veterinary and sanitary examination of domestic reindeer meat in the Arctic zone
Authors: Sidorov Mikhail , Tomashevskaya Ekaterina
Published: June 2023

Organoleptic, physico-chemical, microbiological reindeer were carried out for the comprehensive study of veterinary and sanitary valuation of domestic reindeer; chemical and toxicological studies of meat from MUP “Primorsky” p. Khara-Ulah of the Bulun district, SPK KRO Turvaurgin v. Kolymsky Nizhnezhny Kolymsky and Anabar districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It has been established that the conditions of detention and the fodder base affect the meat production of reindeer, and the quality of meat is significantly improving. The integrated assessment of reindeer meat shows a higher nutritional value of reindeer meat, which is advantageous in terms of chemical composition, organoleptic and technological parameters.
Automation of the Agricultural Sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Narzullaev D.Z. , Ilhamov Kh.Sh. , Tursunov A.T. , Baydullaev A.S. , Akhmedov Y.A.
Published: June 2023

In the agricultural sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan, a tendency to automate production and business processes can be seen. Agriculture automation helps to significantly reduce the amount of manual labour, while increasing work efficiency. It is possible to single out the following practical advantages of introducing automation in the agricultural sector: it becomes possible to manage production, technological and business operations in an optimized and effortless manner; the competitiveness of the goods is growing through improving the quality and reducing the cost; the productivity of agricultural enterprises increases; cost minimization leads to a drop in the cost price of manufacture of products, and a manufacturing organization can offer the products at a price, which is affordable for the buyer and at the same time profitable for the manufacturing organization. The use of modern technologies for the ‘intellectualization’ of agriculture makes it possible to preserve and restore the beneficial properties of groundwater and soil; to provide environmentally safe and effective pest control; to remotely monitor compliance with the certification requirements of organic agriculture. It is necessary to automate not only production, but also business processes in the agricultural sector. The main goal is to increase the productivity of enterprises, minimize the number of errors associated with the ‘human factor,’ and reduce the amount of ‘manual labour’. The article substantiates a systematic approach to the formation of the information space of an agricultural enterprise, taking into account the needs of all participants in process management, the choice of a software and hardware platform and methods for automating the software development process.
System of indicators and the classifier of methods for quality control and evaluation of agricultural products in the structure of multidimensional inter-industry production cooperation
Authors: Makarenko Evgenii , Samorukov Dmitry , Samorukov Vyacheslav , Zhang Xia
Published: June 2023

The article deals with the main issues of product quality management and control in multidimensional inter-industry production cooperation. Regulatory requirements and industry methods for assessing the quality of agricultural raw materials and finished industrial products on the example of leather and foot-wear industry are analyzed. The article presents the structural and logical scheme of the integrated classifier of methods for comprehensive quality assessment of objects and processes in multidimensional organizational structure of interindustry production cooperation. The conditions of digital transformation of agro-industrial complex aiming at improving the quality of leather footwear production on the basis of information-organizational inter-branch interaction between industrial and agricultural enterprises are formed int he article.
The influence of freeze drying on the quality indicators of potato tubers
Authors: Starovoitov V.I. , Starovoitova O.A. , Manokhina A.А. , Balabanov V.I.
Published: June 2023

In Russia, there is an active development of the Arctic, the Northern regions, the supply of which with food is difficult. The production and supply of freeze-dried vegetables and potatoes is an important task, given that the need for potatoes in terms of nutritional standards is higher than all other vegetables combined, and cargo deliveries are by weight, reducing the weight of the supplied potatoes by four times, taking into account the increase in shelf life by dozens of times and resistance of the freeze-dried product to frost, this is an extremely important area of research. The purpose of the research is to study the quality indicators before and after freeze-drying of potato tubers of domestic and foreign varieties, including varieties with pigmented pulp and skin. The measurements were carried out in the laboratory of the A.G. Lorch” using standard techniques. According to the results of biochemical analysis, the total content of alcohol-soluble flavonoids in terms of quercetin in tubers was 0.08-1.13 mg/g in wet weight, in freeze-dried samples - 0.22-1.46 mg/g in dry weight. The content of low molecular weight antioxidants in fresh potato pulp varied from 0.12 to 1.92 mg/g wet weight, the total content of phenolic compounds in sublimated samples varied from 0.55 to 4.63 mg/g dry weight in gallic acid equivalents. A significant advantage of this drying is the ability to restore freeze-dried potatoes in 60 minutes. The conducted studies confirm that the content of antioxidants in different varieties of potatoes is different and remains after freeze-drying, which makes it possible to select potato varieties for creating healthy food products. Freeze drying of vegetables is an energy-intensive operation. However, according to domestic and foreign manufacturers of freeze-dried products on an industrial scale, the high quality of finished products, the absence of costs for creating a special temperature and humidity storage regime, and a low specific gravity offset the costs of drying.
Timberline and treeline dynamics: Pinus sibirica trees move
Authors: Pakharkova Nina , Gette Irina , Masentsova Irina , Pozdniakova Elizaveta , Kalabina Anastasiia
Published: June 2023

In the context of climate change, one of the important issues in assessing the state of mountain forest ecosystems is the study of the upward movement of the tree line (tree line) and forest line (timberline). To determine the potential of a particular species when moving up the slope, the functional characteristics of the needles are of great importance. This paper considers changes in the pigment composition of needles and the depth of winter dormancy of two coniferous species Pinus sibirica and Abies sibirica growing in the area of the Ergaki Ridge of the Western Sayan.