bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Diversity for Competitive Advantage
Authors: Hughes Claretha
Published: January 2015

Competitive advantage is attained through talent development and management. Talented employees seek career advancement, change, and success. Organization leaders must integrate organization and career development into their strategic plans and can no longer exclude diverse individuals with talent nor diversity of thought. Key themes are revealed in this chapter to assist with elimination of institutional barriers that limit the success of diverse employees.
Plasmacytoma of the clivus
Authors: Amita R , Sandhyamani S , Nair Suresh , Kapilamoorthy T
Published: January 2015

We report a case of solitary plasmacytoma of the clivus in a 55 year old male.
Clinical predictors for survival and treatment outcome of high-grade glioma in Prasat Neurological Institute
Authors: Noiphithak Raywat , Veerasarn Kullapat
Published: January 2015

Objective: The aim was to identify clinical predictors for survival and examine treatment outcome in patients with high-grade glioma (HGG). Materials and Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients who was diagnosed HGG between January 2007 and December 2009. Demographic data, radiological data and treatment data of patients were reviewed and analyzed. Results: A total of 100 patients were analyzed. There was no difference in demographic data between Grade III and IV glioma. Patients with HGG had median survival time (MST) 18 months, The MST of patients with Grade III and IV glioma were 26 and 13 months, respectively. In this study, only anaplastic oligoastrocytoma and radiotherapy did impact strongly on survival of patients with HGG. In patients with Grade III and IV glioma, radiotherapy found to have influence on survival. Conclusion: Patients with HGG in Prasat Neurological Institute had short survival resemble to other previous study. The clinical predictors for survival of patients were identified on multivariate analysis.
Trigeminocardiac reflex preceding development of postoperative superior orbital fissure syndrome
Authors: Haldar Rudrashish , Gyanesh Prakhar , Srivastava Arun , Bettaswamy Guru
Published: January 2015

The superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOFS) is a rare condition presenting as painful unilateral opthalmoplegia, ptosis, pupillary dilatation and anesthesia of the upper eyelid and forehead. It has been described after facial trauma. Other etiologies include infections, tumors or spontaneous hemorrhages in the retro-orbital space. Occurrence of SOFS after surgery in the skull base has not been described before. We recently encountered a case where a young female developed SOFS following surgery for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. The occurrence of SOFS was preceded by episodes of trigemino-cardiac reflex (TCR) during the surgery. This is the first case report associating TCR with SOFS. We managed the case report with megadose methylprednisolone and the patient showed improvement in the deficit over time.
Knee Osteoarthritis Injection Choices: Platelet- Rich Plasma (PRP) versus Hyaluronic Acid (A one-year randomized clinical trial)
Authors: Raeissadat Seyed Ahmad , Rayegani Seyed Mansoor , Hassanabadi Hossein , Fathi Mohammad , Ghorbani Elham , Babaee Marzieh , Azma Kamran
Published: January 2015

Introduction

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common articular disease. Different methods are used to alleviate the symptoms of patients with knee OA, including analgesics, physical therapy, exercise prescription, and intra-articular injections (glucocorticoids, hyaluronic acid [HA], etc). New studies have focused on modern therapeutic methods that stimulate cartilage healing process and improve the damage, including the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a complex of growth factors. Due to the high incidence of OA and its consequences, we decided to study the long-term effect of intraarticular injection of PRP and HA on clinical outcome and quality of life of patients with knee OA.

Method

This non-placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial involved 160 patients affected by knee OA, grade 1–4 of Kellgren–Lawrence scale. In the PRP group ( n = 87), two intra-articular injections at 4-week interval were applied, and in the HA group ( n = 73), three doses of intra-articular injection at 1-week interval were applied. All patients were prospectively evaluated before and at 12 months after the treatment by Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and SF-36 questionnaires. The results were analyzed using SPSS 16.1 software (RCT code: IRCT2014012113442N5).

Results

At the 12-month follow-up, WOMAC pain score and bodily pain significantly improved in both groups; however, better results were determined in the PRP group compared to the HA group ( P < 0.001). Other WOMAC and SF-36 parameters improved only in the PRP group. More improvement (but not statistically significant) was achieved in patients with grade 2 OA in both the groups.

Conclusion

This study suggests that PRP injection is more efficacious than HA injection in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life and is a therapeutic option in select patients with knee OA who have not responded to conventional treatment.
Enantiomeric Separation of Monosubstituted Tryptophan Derivatives and Metabolites by HPLC with a Cinchona Alkaloid-Based Zwitterionic Chiral Stationary Phase and Its Application to the Evaluation of the Optical Purity of Synthesized 6-Chloro-L-Tryptophan
Authors: Fukushima Takeshi , Sugiura Anna , Furuta Ippei , Iwasa Sumiko , Iizuka Hideaki , Ichiba Hideaki , Onozato Mayu , Hikawa Hidemasa , Yokoyama Yuusaku
Published: January 2015

6-Chlorotryptophan possesses unique bioactivity and can be used as a precursor for several bioactive compounds in medicinal chemistry. It was enantioselectively synthesized by condensing 6-chloroindole with racemic N-acetylserine, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with L-aminoacylase (EC 3.5.1.14). The optical purity was examined by conducting high-performance liquid chromatography with a Cinchona alkaloid-based zwitterionic chiral stationary phase (CSP) [CHIRALPAK® ZWIX(+)], which bears a chiral trans-2-aminocyclohexanesulfonic acid moiety tagged at C-9 of the Cinchona alkaloid. The zwitterionic CSP enabled efficient enantiomeric separations of monosubstituted tryptophan derivatives 1-methyltryptophan, 5-methyltryptophan, 6-methyltryptophan, 5-methoxytryptophan, and 6-chlorotryptophan with a methanol/H2O (98/2) mobile phase containing formic acid (FA) and diethylamine (DEA) additives. The mobile phase contains 25–75 mM FA and 20–50 mM DEA, enabling good separation of the enantiomers of each tryptophan derivative (α > 1.25). Thus, the optical purity of the synthesized 6-chloro-L-tryptophan was easily determined (greater than 99.0%) using HPLC with the zwitterionic CSP.
Leveraging Electronic Tablets for General Pediatric Care
Authors: McKee S. , Dugan T.M. , Downs S.M. , Anand V.
Published: January 2015

Background: We have previously shown that a scan-able paper based interface linked to a computerized clinical decision support system (CDSS) can effectively screen patients in pediatric waiting rooms and support the physician using evidence based care guidelines at the time of clinical encounter. However, the use of scan-able paper based interface has many inherent limitations including lacking real time communication with the CDSS and being prone to human and system errors. An electronic tablet based user interface can not only overcome these limitations, but may also support advanced functionality for clinical and research use. However, use of such devices for pediatric care is not well studied in clinical settings.

Objective: In this pilot study, we enhance our pediatric CDSS with an electronic tablet based user interface and evaluate it for usability as well as for changes in patient questionnaire completion rates.

Methods: Child Health Improvement through Computers Leveraging Electronic Tablets or CHICLET is an electronic tablet based user interface. It is developed to augment the existing scan-able paper interface to our CDSS. For the purposes of this study, we deployed CHICLET in one outpatient pediatric clinic. Usability factors for CHICLET were evaluated via caregiver and staff surveys.

Results: When compared to the scan-able paper based interface, we observed an 18% increase or 30% relative increase in question completion rates using CHICLET. This difference was statistically significant. Caregivers and staff survey results were positive for using CHICLET in clinical environment.

Conclusions: Electronic tablets are a viable interface for capturing patient self-report in pediatric waiting rooms. We further hypothesize that the use of electronic tablet based interfaces will drive advances in computerized clinical decision support and create opportunities for patient engagement.

Citation: Anand V, McKee S, Dugan TM, Downs SM. Leveraging electronic tablets for general pediatric care – a pilot study. Appl Clin Inf 2015; 6: 1–15

http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-09-RA-0071
Ex vivo Accuracy of Root Zx Ii, Root Zx Mini and RomiApex A-15 Apex Locators in Extracted Vital Pulp Teeth
Authors: da Silva Thaís M , Alves Flávio RF
Published: January 2015

The objective of this study was to compare, ex vivo, the accuracy of three electronic apex locators (EALs), Root ZX II, Root ZX Mini and RomiApex A-15, in detecting the apical foramen (AF). Forty extracted single-rooted human teeth with vital pulp were used in this study. After access preparation, the root canal length of each tooth was measured by placing a #10 file until the tip was visible at the AF under a stereomicroscope. The teeth were subsequently embedded in an alginate model. In each root canal, all three EALs were used to determine the working length, which was defined as the zero reading or equivalent. The distance between the file tip and AF was measured to an accuracy of 0.01 mm. Results were analyzed using analysis of variance and the Chi-squared test. Root ZX II, Root ZX Mini and RomiApex A-15 were accurate within 0.5 mm, 62.5, 56.2, 50% of the time. No significant differences were found between the three EALs (p > 0.05). Considering all EALs, the mean distance from the file tip to AF was 4.49 mm. The accuracy of the three EALs evaluated in this study was not statistically significantly different. The ‘Apex’ or ‘0.0’ marks of the EALs do not indicate the AF itself, but just a position coronal 0.49 mm to the AF. Using a tolerance of ± 0.5 mm from the actual lengths, the ZX II yielded the most acceptable measurements.

How to cite this article

da Silva TM, Alves FRF. Ex vivo Accuracy of Root Zx Ii, Root ZX Mini and RomiApex A-15 Apex Locators in Extracted Vital Pulp Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(3):312-314.
Restoflex—A Revolutionary Change in Preclinical Practice for Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
Authors: Jain Shikha , Jain Shweta , Khaiser Imran M , Thakur Sophia
Published: January 2015

Preclinical exercises are very important for the dental students in order to master various dental techniques. The objective of this article is to introduce a new preclinical working model named Restoflex. It is especially designed for the students to carry out various restorative and endodontic procedures in an environment that closely simulate clinical situations. This will help them to provide a smooth transition from preclinical environment to the clinical one. It would also mean an increased confidence level and the efficiency with which the students would deal with their cases.

How to cite this article

Jain S, Khaiser IM, Thakur S, Jain S. Restoflex—A Revolutionary Change in Preclinical Practice for Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(3):359-362.
Effect of Double Coating of One-step Self-etching Adhesive on Micromorphology and Microtensile Bond Strength to Sound vs Demineralized Dentin
Authors: Oliveira Cerida Aurelia Rodrigues , França Fabiana Mantovani Gomes , Basting Roberta Tarkany , Turssi Cecília Pedroso , Amaral Flavia Lucisano Botelho do
Published: January 2015

Aim

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate (1) the one-step adhesive system application method (doubling the adhesive coatings) in regard to microtensile bond strength (MTB) and (2) the interfacial morphology of one-step adhesives to sound vs demineralized dentin.

Materials and methods

Forty dentin fragments were randomly allocated to 2 groups: D. demineralized dentin and S. sound dentin. Specimens were also subdivided into 2 groups (n = 10), according to the one-step adhesive [AEO (Adper Easy One), 3M ESPE] application method: M, According to the manufacturer's instructions, and D, based on the application of two consecutive layers. After adhesive light polymerization, a resin composite block (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE) was built on the dentin surface. Resin-tooth blocks were sectioned into 0.9 mm thick slabs, and one slab of each block was prepared for adhesive interface analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The remaining slabs were sectioned into 0.8 mm2 sticks that were subjected to tensile stress (0.5 mm/min). Data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).

Results

The application of two consecutive layers of AEO adhesive system did not influence MTB values for sound dentin. When two consecutive layers of one-step adhesive system were applied, MTB was statistically greater in demineralized vs sound dentin. SEM analysis demonstrated that the application of two consecutive adhesive layers to sound and demineralized dentin produced longer resin tags.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that the application of two consecutive adhesive layers improved bond strength to demineralized dentin, but no such effect was observed for sound dentin.

Clinical significance

Application of double coats of one-step self-etching adhesive improved bond strength to demineralized dentin.

How to cite this article

Oliveira CAR, França FMG, Basting RT, Turssi CP, do Amaral FLB. Effect of Double Coating of One-step Self-etching Adhesive on Micromorphology and Microtensile Bond Strength to Sound vs Demineralized Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):385-391.
Evaluation of Mental Foramen Position from Panoramic Dental Radiographs
Authors: Ajmal Muhammed
Published: January 2015

Objective

Evaluate the position of mental foramen by measuring the vertical bone height from digital panoramic radiograph and also the variation of resorption pattern by gender and extraction time frame.

Materials and methods/study design

Digital panoramic radiographs of 500 patients were reviewed. The study population was divided into four age groups aged 30 to 70 years as (30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-70 years of age).

Radiographic Position of mental foramen was evaluated in each panoramic radiograph by measuring the distance from the marginal bone to the mental foramen was being measured.

Measurements were taken in each radiograph using Cliniview software. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis using paired students t-test and chi-square tests.

Results and conclusion

In our study it was noted that the vertical measurements calculated from the superior margin of mental foramen to the crest of alveolar ridge were greater in edentulous men than in women. This measurement decreased significantly with age. We have noted here that resorption pattern between males and females can be used as an early diagnostic tool and for implant analysis. Studies comparing right and left side edentulous mandibular region are needed for further confirmation.

How to cite this article

Ajmal M. Evaluation of Mental Foramen Position from Panoramic Dental Radiographs. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):399-402.
Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Narrow-Diameter Titanium-Zirconium Implants in Unilateral Atrophic Mandibular Distal Extensions: A 1-Year Pilot Study
Authors: El-Sheikh Ali M , Shihabuddin Omar F
Published: January 2015

Background

The use of endosseous dental implants has led to more sophisticated fixed options when considering treatment of patients with distal extensions. The use of narrow-diameter implants may reduce the necessity for bone augmentation. The mechanical strength of titanium is limited, so titanium alloys with greater tensile and fatigue strength may be preferable.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinically and radiographically the performance of narrow-diameter bone level implants made from titanium-zirconium alloy (TiZr, RoxolidTM) in restoring unilateral atrophic mandibular distal extensions with fixed dental prostheses.

Materials and methods

Twenty partially edentulous patients with unilateral atrophic mandibular distal extensions received two 3.3 mm diameter bone level TiZr implants (Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland). The two implants were restored with 3-units ceramo-metal fixed partial dentures. Standardized clinical and radiographic parameters (survival rate, probing pocket depth and marginal bone loss) were evaluated at the time of the completion of the prosthetic treatment (baseline) and after 3, 6 and 12 months of functional loading. Prosthetic complications were also assessed.

Results

The survival rate for narrow-diameter bone level TiZr implants was 100% after 1 year of functional loading. There were no statistically significant differences between the values of probing pocket depth over the follow-up period. All implants showed less than 1 mm of marginal bone loss at the end of the follow-up period.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this 1-year pilot study, the use of narrow-diameter bone level TiZr implants appears to be predictable in restoring the unilateral atrophic mandibular distal extensions. This type of implants meets established success and survival criteria after 1 year.

How to cite this article

El-Sheikh AM, Shihabuddin OF. Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Narrow-Diameter Titanium-Zirconium Implants in Unilateral Atrophic Mandibular Distal Extensions: A 1-Year Pilot Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):417-422.
Apical Extrusion of Debris and Irrigant using Novel Preparation Systems
Authors: Uzunoglu Emel , Görduysus Melahat
Published: January 2015

Aim

The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the amount of apically extruded debris and irrigant using Reciproc vs self-adjusting file (SAF) and to investigate the effect, if any, of gravitational force via mandibular and maxillary positioning of the teeth.

Materials and methods

Forty human mandibular premolars were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 teeth each. The root canals were instrumented according to the manufacturers’ instructions using the Reciproc and SAF. Sodium hypochlorite was used as the irrigant. The apically extruded debris was collected in pre-weighted glass vials using the Myers and Montgomery method, and teeth were placed in vials both in downward and upward positions. After drying, the mean weight of debris was assessed with a microbalance and statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction.

Results

All instrumentation techniques and positions caused measurable apical extrusion of debris. A significant difference was observed according to position and instrument used (p < 0.05). The Reciproc extruded significantly more debris than SAF and vial downward position extruded significantly more debris than upward position (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Under the conditions of this study, all systems caused apical debris extrusion, especially in the downward position.

Clinical significance

According to results of this study, the SAF was associated with less debris extrusion compared to the Reciproc in both mandibular and maxillary positions.

How to cite this article

Uzunoglu E, Görduysus M. Apical Extrusion of Debris and Irrigant using Novel Preparation Systems. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):423-427.
The Prestretching Effect on the Force Decay of Orthodontic Elastic Chain
Authors: Bandéca Matheus Coelho , de Jesus Tavarez Rudys Rodolfo , de Aguiar Adelson Mota , de Aguiar Arilton Mota , de Araújo Gurgel Júlio , Vercelino Celia Regina Maio Pinzan , Filho Etevaldo Matos Maia
Published: January 2015

This in vitro study evaluated the influence of prestretching, in the force decay of orthodontic elastic chains, at three time intervals 2, 7 and 30 days with the brands Morelli, Orthometric and American Orthodontics. In the experimental group, prestretching was performed, stretching the elastics to increase them by 50% of their original length three times in a quick and sequential mode. All of the elastic chains were kept stretched and stored in artificial saliva at 37°C until the time of force measurement. For comparisons between the control and experimental groups, the Mann-Whitney test was used. For comparisons between time points and brands, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used, and for multiple comparisons, Miller's post-hoc test was used. The results showed statistically significant differences among the different commercial brands tested at the initial time point. The mean force at the initial time point ranged from 2.57 to 3.17 N. By day 2, the force values were between 0.97 and 1.49 N; by day 7, the values were 0.56 and 0.94 N. By day 30, the force values ranged between 0.27 and 0.66 N. We concluded that performing and duration of prestretching and the brand all influenced the force decay of orthodontic elastic chains. Time had a greater influence on the decay of the elastics than brand or prestretching.

How to cite this article

de Aguiar AM, de Aguiar AM, de Araújo Gurgel J, Vercelino CRMP, Filho EMM, Bandeca MC, de Jesus Tavarez RR. The Prestretching Effect on the Force Decay of Orthodontic Elastic Chain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):456-460.
An Esthetics Rehabilitation with Computer-aided Design/ Computer-aided Manufacturing Technology
Authors: Zavanelli Adriana Cristina , Mazaro José Vitor Quinelli , de Mello Caroline Cantieri , Santiago Joel Ferreira , Amoroso Andressa Paschoal
Published: January 2015

Aim

This paper describes a case of a rehabilitation involving Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CADCAM) system in implant supported and dental supported prostheses using zirconia as framework.

Background

The CAD-CAM technology has developed considerably over last few years, becoming a reality in dental practice. Among the widely used systems are the systems based on zirconia which demonstrate important physical and mechanical properties of high strength, adequate fracture toughness, biocompatibility and esthetics, and are indicated for unitary prosthetic restorations and posterior and anterior framework.

Case description

All the modeling was performed by using CAD-CAM system and prostheses were cemented using resin cement best suited for each situation.

Conclusion

The rehabilitation of the maxillary arch using zirconia framework demonstrated satisfactory esthetic and functional results after a 12-month control and revealed no biological and technical complications.

Clinical significance

This article shows the important of use technology CAD/CAM in the manufacture of dental prosthesis and implant-supported.

How to cite this article

Mazaro JVQ, Mello CC, Zavanelli AC, Santiago JF Jr, Amoroso AP, Pellizzer EP. An Esthetics Rehabilitation with Computer-aided Design/Computer-aided Manufacturing Technology. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4): 506-512.
Aggressive Periodontitis in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
Authors: Nwhator Solomon Olusegun , Uhunmwangho Iyobosa , Chukwuma Benedict , Ikponmwosa Osagie
Published: January 2015

Aim

These case series were aimed at highlighting late presentations of aggressive periodontitis (AP) in a teaching hospital as well as proffering possible reasons for such presentations which would serve as part of the solution to prevent such presentations in the future.

Background

Aggressive periodontitis is a severe form of destructive periodontitis traditionally believed to present around puberty. However, many cases seen in a teaching hospital presented much later for yet-to-be explained reasons.

Case description

Seven patients referred to the specialist periodontal clinic of a Nigerian teaching hospital presented with clinical features consistent with AP. Most of the patients were over twenty and some over thirty years of age.

Conclusion

Aggressive periodontitis patients seen in our center were often outside the traditional age brackets. The range of treatment options available to the patients were under-utilized due to serious financial constraints.

Clinical significance

Aggressive periodontitis comes with serious psychological challenges and severe morbidity. Prompt diagnosis and effective management hold the key to success It is important to investigate why many of the cases seen in our center presented that late. Could be due to ignorance and poverty or could be due to failure of dentists recognize these cases and consequent misdiagnosis? Further studies are needed to answer these questions.

How to cite this article

Nwhator SO, Uhunmwangho I, Chukwuma B, Ikponmwosa O. Aggressive Periodontitis in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4): 518-522.
Aqueous-phase oligomerization of methyl vinyl ketone through photooxidation – Part 1: Aging processes of oligomers
Authors: Renard P. , Siekmann F. , Salque G. , Demelas C. , Coulomb B. , Vassalo L. , Ravier S. , Temime-Roussel B. , Voisin D. , Monod A.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. It has recently been established that unsaturated water-soluble organic compounds (UWSOCs) might efficiently form oligomers in polluted fogs and wet aerosol particles, even for weakly soluble ones like methyl vinyl ketone (MVK). The atmospheric relevance of these processes is explored by means of multiphase process model studies in a companion paper. In the present study, we investigate the aging of these aqueous-phase MVK oligomers formed via •OH oxidation, as well as their ability to form secondary organic aerosol (SOA) upon water evaporation. The comparison between aqueous-phase composition and aerosol composition after nebulization of the corresponding solutions shows similar trends for oligomer formation and aging. The measurements reveal that oligomer aging leads to the formation of organic diacids. Quantification of the SOA mass formed after nebulization is performed, and the obtained SOA mass yields seem to depend on the spectral irradiance of the light used to initiate the photochemistry. Investigating a large range of initial MVK concentrations (0.2–20 mM), the results show that their •OH oxidation undergoes competition between functionalization and oligomerization that is dependent on the precursor concentration. At high initial MVK concentrations (≥ 2 mM), oligomerization prevails over functionalization, while at lower initial concentrations, oligomerization is not the major process, and functionalization dominates, resulting in small carbonyls, dicarbonyls and monoacids. The atmospheric implications of these processes are discussed.
Drivers of the tropospheric ozone budget throughout the 21st century under the medium-high climate scenario RCP 6.0
Authors: Revell L. E. , Tummon F. , Stenke A. , Sukhodolov T. , Coulon A. , Rozanov E. , Garny H. , Grewe V. , Peter T.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. Because tropospheric ozone is both a~greenhouse gas and harmful air pollutant, it is important to understand how anthropogenic activities may influence its abundance and distribution through the 21st century. Here, we present model simulations performed with the chemistry-climate model SOCOL, in which spatially disaggregated chemistry and transport tracers have been implemented in order to better understand the distribution and projected changes in tropospheric ozone. We examine the influences of ozone precursor emissions (nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)), climate change and stratospheric ozone recovery on the tropospheric ozone budget, in a~simulation following the climate scenario Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 6.0. Changes in ozone precursor emissions have the largest effect, leading to a global-mean increase in tropospheric ozone which maximises in the early 21st century at 23%. The increase is most pronounced at northern midlatitudes, due to regional emission patterns: between 1990 and 2060, northern midlatitude tropospheric ozone remains at constantly large abundances: 31% larger than in 1960. Over this 70 year period, attempts to reduce emissions in Europe and North America do not have an effect on zonally-averaged northern midlatitude ozone because of increasing emissions from Asia, together with the longevity of ozone in the troposphere. A~simulation with fixed anthropogenic ozone precursor emissions of NOx, CO and non-methane VOCs at 1960 conditions shows a 6 % increase in global-mean tropospheric ozone, and an 11% increase at northern midlatitudes. This increase maximises in the 2080s, and is mostly caused by methane, which maximises in the 2080s following RCP 6.0, and plays an important role in controlling ozone directly, and indirectly through its influence on other VOCs and CO. Enhanced flux of ozone from the stratosphere to the troposphere as well as climate change-induced enhancements in lightning NOx emissions also increase the tropospheric ozone burden, although their impacts are relatively small. Overall, the results show that ozone in the future is governed largely by changes in methane and NOx; methane induces an increase in tropospheric ozone that is approximately one-third of that caused by NOx. Climate impacts on ozone through changes in tropospheric temperature, humidity and lightning NOx remain secondary compared with emission strategies relating to anthropogenic emissions of NOx, such as fossil fuel burning. Therefore, emission policies globally have a critical role to play in determining tropospheric ozone evolution through the 21st century.
Hydrological hysteresis and its value for assessing process consistency in catchment conceptual models
Authors: Fovet O. , Ruiz L. , Hrachowitz M. , Faucheux M. , Gascuel-Odoux C.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. While most hydrological models reproduce the general flow dynamics, they frequently fail to adequately mimic system-internal processes. In particular, the relationship between storage and discharge, which often follows annual hysteretic patterns in shallow hard-rock aquifers, is rarely considered in modelling studies. One main reason is that catchment storage is difficult to measure, and another one is that objective functions are usually based on individual variables time series (e.g. the discharge). This reduces the ability of classical procedures to assess the relevance of the conceptual hypotheses associated with models. We analysed the annual hysteric patterns observed between stream flow and water storage both in the saturated and unsaturated zones of the hillslope and the riparian zone of a headwater catchment in French Brittany (Environmental Research Observatory ERO AgrHys (ORE AgrHys)). The saturated-zone storage was estimated using distributed shallow groundwater levels and the unsaturated-zone storage using several moisture profiles. All hysteretic loops were characterized by a hysteresis index. Four conceptual models, previously calibrated and evaluated for the same catchment, were assessed with respect to their ability to reproduce the hysteretic patterns. The observed relationship between stream flow and saturated, and unsaturated storages led us to identify four hydrological periods and emphasized a clearly distinct behaviour between riparian and hillslope groundwaters. Although all the tested models were able to produce an annual hysteresis loop between discharge and both saturated and unsaturated storage, the integration of a riparian component led to overall improved hysteretic signatures, even if some misrepresentation remained. Such a system-like approach is likely to improve model selection.
Quantifying the nutrient flux within a lowland karstic catchment
Authors: McCormack T. , Naughton O. , Johnston P. M. , Gill L. W.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. Nutrient contamination of surface and groundwaters is an issue of growing importance as the risks associated with agricultural runoff escalate due to increasing demands on global food production. In this study, the nutrient flux occurring within the surface and groundwaters of a lowland karst catchment in western Ireland was investigated with the aid of alkalinity sampling and a hydrological model. Water samples were collected and tested from a variety of rivers, lakes (or turloughs), boreholes and springs at monthly intervals over a three year period. Alkalinity sampling was used to elucidate the contrasting hydrological functioning between different turloughs. Such disparate hydrological functioning was further investigated with the aid of a hydrological model which allowed for an estimate of allogenic and autogenic derived nutrient loading into the karst system. The model also allowed for an investigation of mixing within the turloughs, comparing observed behaviours with the hypothetical conservative behaviour allowed for by the model. Results indicated that at the system outlet to the sea, autogenic recharge had added approximately 35% to the total flow and approximately 85% to the total N-load. Within some turloughs, nutrient loads were found to reduce over the flooded period, even though the turloughs hydrological functioning (and the hydrological model) suggested this should not occur. As such, it was determined that nutrient loss processes were occurring within the system. Denitrification was deemed to be the main process reducing nitrogen concentrations within the turloughs whereas phosphorus loss is thought to occur mostly within the diffuse/epikarst zone.
Recent summer Arctic atmospheric circulation anomalies in a historical perspective
Authors: Belleflamme A. , Fettweis X. , Erpicum M.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. A significant increase in the summertime occurrence of a high pressure area over the Beaufort Sea, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and Greenland has been observed since the beginning of the 2000s, and particularly between 2007 and 2012. These circulation anomalies are likely partly responsible for the enhanced Greenland ice sheet melt as well as the Arctic sea ice loss observed since 2007. Therefore, it is interesting to analyse whether similar conditions might have happened since the late 19th century over the Arctic region. We have used an atmospheric circulation type classification based on daily mean sea level pressure and 500 hPa geopotential height data from five reanalysis data sets (ERA-Interim, ERA-40, NCEP/NCAR, ERA-20C, and 20CRv2) to put the recent circulation anomalies in perspective with the atmospheric circulation variability since 1871. We found that circulation conditions similar to 2007–2012 have occurred in the past, despite a higher uncertainty of the reconstructed circulation before 1940. For example, only ERA-20C shows circulation anomalies that could explain the 1920–1930 summertime Greenland warming, in contrast to 20CRv2. While the recent anomalies exceed by a factor of 2 the interannual variability of the atmospheric circulation of the Arctic region, their origin (natural variability or global warming) remains debatable.
Impactos costeiros induzidos por ondas de tempestade entre o Cabo Frio e o Cabo Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Bulhões Eduardo Manuel Rosa , Fernandez Guilherme Borges , Oliveira Filho Silvio Roberto de , Pereira Thiago Gonçalves , Rocha Thaís Baptista da
Published: January 2015

O campo de ondas em águas profundas é notável por sua variabilidade e dita a energia de ondas que vai ser direcionada para a costa. Os impactos morfológicos nos ambientes costeiros dependem da magnitude das forçantes meteorológicas e oceanográficas e da capacidade das praias de absorverem esta energia. Na análise entre o Cabo Frio e o Cabo Búzios, foram consideradas as características texturais da plataforma continental interna a partir da análise de 394 amostras, a variabilidade volumétrica de 438 levantamentos ao longo de 17 perfis de praia e as características de 69 tempestades entre 2003 e 2013. Os resultados apontaram que a sedimentação na zona submarina proximal reflete, através do parâmetro diâmetro médio dos grãos, as áreas com maior ou menor energia de ondas. Os resultados apontaram também a ocorrência de uma “temporada de ondas de tempestade” - principal elemento associado à erosão do estoque subaéreo das praias - entre abril e setembro, e que um período com ausência dessas ondas tende a ocorrer recuperação. Os diferentes segmentos de praia analisados mostraram maior ou menor magnitude desses efeitos, em função basicamente da orientação e exposição relativa de cada segmento de praia. Tempestades isoladas com maior magnitude tendem a promover erosão severa, sobretudo se ocorrerem no início da “temporada de ondas de tempestade”.
Un archivo insomne: producción y migración de imágenes
Authors: Sánchez-Biosca Vicente
Published: January 2015

En la primavera de 1942, un equipo de cineastas enviados por el Ministro de Propaganda nazi, Joseph Goebbels, desembarcó en el ghetto de Varsovia para rodar numerosas escenas en calles, restaurantes, baños, apartamentos, cementerio… El film fue premontado en Berlín, pero jamás exhibido. Las razones no han sido todavía esclarecidas: ¿temor de que inspiraran empatía hacia las víctimas?, ¿decisión de callar una vez la ‘solución final’ estaba en marcha?. Este film, titulado Ghetto o Asien in Mittleeuropa, fue descubierto en 1954 y, desde entonces, cineastas de la RDA y de la RFA, así como de otros países, utilizaron fragmentos de su metraje para acusar al Tercer Reich. Sin embargo, en 1998, metraje complementario fue hallado en archivos norteamericanos y en una colección privada rusa. El presente texto analiza dicho material, así  como  los  usos  distintos  que,  siguiendo  estrategias  documentales diferentes, se han hecho de él. Desde Du und mancher Kamerad (A. y A. Thorndike,  1956),  pasando  por Mein Kampf (E.  Leiser,  1959), Le temps du ghetto(F. Rossif, 1961) hasta A Film Unfinished(Yael Hersonski, 2010), buea cantidad de estrategias han sido intentadas para hacer hablar al material a su pesar. De este modo, estas perpetrators’ imagesplantean, en realidad, todas las grandes problemáticas ligadas al archivo audiovisual: su origen en un choque de miradas, su migración incesante por el universo mediático, las emociones que provocan en sus espectadores, su conversión en memoria cultural de un tiempo y lugar desaparecidos definitivamente.
Como nascem as imagens? Um estudo de história visual
Authors: Mauad Ana Maria
Published: January 2015

O artigo propõe uma abordagem de história visual, em que se acompanha a trajetória da fotografia produzida pelo fotógrafo francês Marc Riboud, em 1967. Adota-se uma perspectiva não linear dos tempos históricos para analisar os percursos da imagem e a elaboração de representações visuais na história. A análise, apoiada na antropologia da imagem de Hans Belting, acompanha, nas diferentes culturas visuais, o surgimento de imagens semelhantes.
Dos seres alados da Antiguidade aos anjos do Rococó
Authors: Brandão Angela
Published: January 2015

O presente artigo parte de um objeto pertencente ao Museu Arquidiocesano de Arte Sacra de Mariana: um trono episcopal atribuído a Antônio Francisco Lisboa, entalhado com um esquema decorativo composto por três figuras angelicais, um querubim central e dois anjos de corpo inteiro, despidos. A presença de anjos, Cupidos e crianças entre os elementos que compunham as armações efêmeras para a chegada do primeiro bispo à cidade de Mariana, descritos no relato Aureo Trono Episcopal, de 1749, abriu caminho para uma interpretação ampla e ainda incompleta da transposição das figuras aladas da arte Antiga – especialmente de Eros, por meio do neoplatonismo, para o Renascimento, transposição que será herdada pela arte barroca e rococó.
“Contra a propriedade pública, em defesa da privada”: Ademar de Barros desenhado na imprensa comunista (1947 – 1964)
Authors: Tavares Rodrigo Rodriguez
Published: January 2015

As relações entre Ademar de Barros e o Partido Comunista Brasileiro foram marcadas por movimentos de aproximação e distanciamento durante o período de redemocratização, especialmente entre 1947 e 1964. Nesse período, o político foi prefeito (1957 – 1961), governador (1947 – 1951 e 1963 – 1966) e duas vezes candidato à presidência (1955 e 1960). O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os desenhos retratando Ademar de Barros publicados nos jornais comunistas Hoje eNovos Rumospara compreender como as imagens foram utilizadas na construção da figura do político paulista de acordo com os interesses do PCB.
A política das políticas educacionais e seus atores
Authors: Sena Martins Paulo
Published: January 2015

O presente trabalho analisa a gênese e a implementação das políticas educacionais, a partir da atuação de vários atores: os Poderes do Estado – Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário -, os movimentos sociais educacionais e as representações das esferas federativas. Recorre-se aos processos de aprovação do Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento do Ensino Fundamental e de Valorização do Magistério (Fundef) e do Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (Fundeb), para ilustrar as interações dos atores e suas alianças e conflitos. Destaca-se o papel do Poder Legislativo no diálogo com as teses dos movimentos sociais e mediação de eventuais conflitos federativos.
Diretrizes Curriculares do Estado do Paraná: um panorama sobre o ensino de Arte a partir do processo de construção e implementação da proposta
Authors: Stori Regina , Subtil Maria José Dozza
Published: January 2015

Este artigo objetiva apresentar as Diretrizes Curriculares do Estado do Paraná a partir da descrição e análise do processo de construção desse documento e de sua implementação na disciplina de Arte, tendo como foco sua gestão por parte da Secretaria de Estado da Educação (SEED) e de um Núcleo Regional de Educação de uma cidade paranaense. Esse documento foi publicado em sua versão final em outubro de 2009, após passar por um processo de sete anos de elaboração, e vem acompanhado de diversas ações para sua efetivação.
Resenha
Authors: Finatti Renata Riva
Published: January 2015

BRANDÃO, Zaia. Pesquisa em educação:conversas com pós-graduandos. Rio deJaneiro: Ed. PUC-Rio; São Paulo: Loyola, 2012.
Apresentação
Authors: Souza Angelo Ricardo de
Published: January 2015

Apresentação do v. 8, n. 15 do JPE
O que explica a falta de professores nas escolas brasileiras?
Authors: Pinto José Marcelino De Rezende
Published: January 2015

É comum constatar no dia a dia das escolas a ausência de professores habilitados para atuar em um conjunto de disciplinas. A decorrência natural dessa constatação, do ponto de vista das políticas públicas, é a ampliação da oferta de cursos de formação de professores, inclusive nas modalidades de Educação a Distância (EAD). Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se a ausência de professores nas escolas decorre da falta de professores formados, ou do desinteresse dos licenciados em lecionar. Tendo por base os dados de concluintes nos cursos de licenciatura nos últimos 20 anos, levantados pelo INEP, e considerando uma estimativa de demanda de professores por disciplina, constata-se que, com exceção da disciplina de física, existem professores habilitados em número mais do que suficiente para assumir as turmas existentes, concluindo-se que se trata essencialmente de um problema de falta de atratividade da carreira docente. Analisando-se as vagas oferecidas, conclui-se também que somente a oferta pública seria plenamente suficiente para atender a demanda em todos os componentes curriculares, bastando, para tanto desenvolver políticas que estimulassem o preenchimento dessas vagas e a conclusão com êxito dos ingressantes.
Análise neo-schenkeriana e reduções de ordem prática como recursos analíticos ao repertório de ragtime e o exemplo de The Entertainer, de Scott Joplin
Authors: Viegas Alexy
Published: January 2015

Neste trabalho é proposta uma análise do ragtime The Entertainer (1902), de Scott Joplin, sob a metodologia de análise proposta por Schenker, conforme Fraga (2009) e reduções de ordem prática. Em The Entertainer, identifica-se a presença de diversas técnicas de progressão linear, como prolongamento melódico, ascensão inicial, desdobramento, transferência de registro, superposição, ligação e substituição. Este estudo leva a uma reflexão sobre a utilização desta metodologia de análise para o estudo de peças de música popular compostas no final do século XIX e início do século XX.
Sobre os autores
Authors: Dudeque Norton
Published: January 2015

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DETERMINAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DOS AGROTÓXICOS TIAMETOXAM, BIFENTRINA E PERMETRINA EM AMOSTRAS DE SOLO
Authors: PORTILHO IRZO ISAAC ROSA , SCORZA JÚNIOR RÔMULO PENNA , CARVALHO DORES ELIANA FREIRE GASPAR DE
Published: January 2015

Métodos analíticos para a quantificação dos resíduos de tiametoxam, bifentrina e permetrina em solo usando cromatografia a líquido de alta eficiência foram desenvolvidos e validados. Diferentes métodos e solventes para a extração dos três inseticidas foram testados em solos com teor de matéria orgânica entre 32,8 e 81,7 g dm-3. O método utilizando agitação por uma hora e solução extratora com a mistura acetona + diclorometano (1:1) mostrou-se o mais adequado. Obtiveram-se recuperações médias de a 89,6 % (± 3,7) para tiametoxam, 100,5 % (± 4,1) para permetrina e 92,5 % (± 4,5) para bifentrina, com coeficientes de variação inferiores a 14 % para todos os inseticidas. Os limites de detecção para tiametoxam, bifentrina e permetrina foram 0,07, 0,05 e 0,05 µg g-1, respectivamente, com limite de quantificação para todos inseticidas de 0,25 µg g-1.
Mineralização e Sorção do Fungicida Fluopicolida de amostras de solos Neossolo e Latossolo em áreas preservadas e áreas tratadas
Authors: MURAKAMI LUCILENE YURIKO , FERREIRA REGINA C. B. , SOUZA GISELE S. , LUCHINI LUIZ C.
Published: January 2015

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a mineralização e a sorção do fungicida fluopicolida em Neossolo e Latossolo de áreas preservadas e áreas de uso agrícola, visando comparar e identificar se há alteração no comportamento do agrotóxico em diferentes solos e áreas. Para todas as amostras de solo, as taxas de mineralização foram < 20 %, sendo que para o Neossolo houve melhor mineralização na área preservada em relação a sua respectiva área agrícola. Esse comportamento não foi observado para o Latossolo, pois as duas áreas apresentaram comportamento de mineralização similar. Os resultados do coeficiente de adsorção demonstraram média e baixa adsorção para Latossolo e Neossolo, respectivamente, independente da área coletada e as isotermas de sorção do composto revelaram-se bem ajustadas ao modelo de Freundlich, com valores de 1/n em torno de 0,9. Baseado nesses resultados pode-se considerar o fluopicolida como fungicida de mineralização lenta e de média mobilidade em Neossolo e Latossolo em áreas preservadas e agrícolas. Concluiu-se que o fluopicolida não exerce efeito adverso em áreas nas quais há constante manejo agrícola em razão de seu comportamento similar em área preservada.