bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the Reprocessing by Plasma Melting and Injection Molding on the Thermomechanical Properties of a Ni-Ti SMA Manufactured by VIM
Authors: Brito Simões Jackson de , Roberto Pereira Francisco Fernando , Otubo Jorge , de Araújo Carlos José
Published: July 2014

Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) metallic materials that change their mechanical and physical properties with temperature variation and mechanical loading, surprising engineers and researchers. In this way, one can develop thermomechanical actuators capable, for example, of generating force by blocking the shape recovery or change the natural frequency of a mechanical system by blocking resonance. The processing of these SMA are countless, each one with its specific limitation and particularity. This study aims to evaluate the influence of rapid solidification of a Ni-Ti SMA that is originally manufactured by Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM) and reprocessed by Plasma Melting (PM) followed by injection molding into different metal molds (steel, brass, aluminum and copper). The influence of such a processing is analyzed through Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Electrical Resistance as a function of Temperature (ERT) to determine the effects on transformation temperatures. The results demonstrate that by using the copper mold one can provide greater uniformity of the material properties. Thus, there is the possibility of obtaining different kinds of SMA mini-actuators by PM injection in a copper mold and that includes different shapes and sizes that can be studied further.
Mathematical modeling of aluminum degassing by the impeller injector technique validated by a physical modeling
Authors: Hernández-Hernández M. , Cruz-Mendez W. F. , Gonzalez-Rivera C. , Ramírez-Argáez M. A.
Published: July 2014

A mathematical model is developed to describe deoxidation of water in a physical model of a batch aluminum degassing reactor equipped with the rotor-injector technique, assuming that deoxidation kinetics of water is similar to dehydrogenization of liquid aluminum. Degassing kinetics is described by using mass transport and mass balance principles by assuming that degassing kinetics can be characterized by a mass transfer coefficient, which depends on the process variables. The transport coefficient and the average bubble diameter are estimated with correlations reported in the literature for similar gas-injection systems. The water physical model helped to validate the mathematical model and to perform a process analysis by varying: 1) Gas flow rate (20 and 40 l/min); and 2) Impeller’s angular velocity (290 and 573 rpm). Results from the model agree well with measurements of deoxidation kinetics at low impeller rotating speeds. At high rotating speeds the model is still valid but less reliable because it does not take into account the formation of the vortex at the free surface. Nevertheless, the model provides predictions of the influence of every operating parameter and it can be used as a good approximation for real systems.
The Effect of Silica Polymerization in Fly Ash on the Strength of Geopolymers
Authors: Koshukhova N. , Zhernovsky I. , Sobolev K.
Published: July 2014

The formation of the structure of geopolymer binders based on low-calcium fly ash is a multifactorial process that depends on the degree of solubility of aluminosilicate components in the solution of alkali activator. It is observed that the geopolymer binders based on fly ash with an identical chemical and mineral composition, the same grain size, and also activated by the same alkalis can result in a different strength.

This study is based on the assumption that there is dependence between the solubility of aluminosilicate components and the degree of polymerization of the silicates in glass phase. The degree of SiO2-polymerization is an integral parameter that is equal to the Si molar ratio (fSi) of the silicate component in the glass phase of fly ash. The degree of SiO2-polymerization can be estimated from the molar composition of glass phase, which is determined from the chemical composition and quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis including identification of the amorphous phase composition.

The SiO2 polymerization rates of investigated fly ash specimens are confirmed by the IR results, specifically, by comparison of absorption bands of silicate fragments with varying levels of connectivity (Q0-4) in the range of wave numbers of 650–1350 cm-1.

The comparative analysis of the correlation of 28-day strength of geopolymer binders based on fly ash from different sources and level of SiO2-polymerization demonstrated an inverse relationship with fSi molar ratio and compressive strength.
New Alumosilicate Fillers Based on Sedimentary Rocks for Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Strokova Valeria , Lebedev Mikhail , Potapova Irina , Sobolev Konstantin
Published: July 2014

Asphalt concrete is the most common material for highway and motorway construction. The quality of asphalt is determined, to a large extent, by properties of asphalt binder. Fillers, which are mineral powders from carbonate rocks and aggregates fines, such as limestone and dolomite, are often used in the composition of bitumen mastics affecting the performance of asphalt.

This article explores the feasibility of using the fines of aluminosilicate sedimentary rocks as fillers. These materials are composed of clay minerals, which change their properties upon the contact with water. Normally, the use of such fillers is restricted because of poor water resistance and swelling of asphalt concrete. In order to improve the performance of these fillers, the thermal modification at moderate temperatures of 500–600 °C has been proposed. Such treatment provides sufficient structural stability of obtained materials and results in the reduction of water absorption of asphalt, improved water resistance (up to 2.5 times) and also, in reduced swelling (up to 9 times).

It has been demonstrated that improvement in the filler performance can be achieved by a heat treatment. Such treatment induces changes in the mineral composition and converts the structure of clay minerals into the frame structure of zeolite, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Due to thermal treatment, there is a change in the acid-base properties of the surface of the filler, which is reflected in the profiles of the main adsorption centers. As a result, due to chemisorption, the modified aluminosilicate fillers are able to interact with bitumen. The application of new filler materials in asphalt concrete enables to enhance the performance.
Characterization and Utilization of Coconut Fibers of the Caribbean
Authors: Mathura Nadira , Cree Duncan , Mulligan Ryan P.
Published: July 2014

In many tropical countries coconut (coir) fiber production is a major source of income for rural communities. The Caribbean has an abundance of coconuts but research into utilizing its by-products is limited. Environmentally friendly coir fibers are natural polymers generally discarded as waste material in this region. Research has shown that coir fiber from other parts of the world has successfully been recycled. This paper therefore investigates the mechanical properties of Caribbean coir fiber for potential applications in civil engineering.

Approximately four hundred fibers were randomly taken from a coir fiber stack and subjected to retting in both distilled and saline water media. The mechanical properties of both the retted and unretted coir fibers were evaluated at weekly increments for a period of 3 months. Tensile strength test, x-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron micrographs were used to assess trends and relationships between fiber gauge lengths, diameter, tensile strength and Young’s modulus. Diameters ranged between 0.11 mm-0.46 mm, while fiber samples were no longer than 250 mm in length. The tensile strength and strain at break decreased as the gauge length increased for both unretted and retted fibers. The opposite occurred for the relationship between the gauge length and Young’s modulus. Additionally, the tensile strength and modulus decreased as the fiber diameter increased. Neither distilled nor saline water improved the coir fiber’s crystalline index. Scanning electron micrographs qualitatively assessed fiber surfaces and captured necking and microfibril degradation at the fractured ends.

The analysis revealed that the tensile strength, modulus, strain at break and crystallinity properties of the Caribbean coir fibers were comparable to commercially available coir fiber which are currently being used in many building applications.
Autoclaved Composites with Nanostructured Silica Additive
Authors: Nelubova Victoria , Strokova Valeria , Cherevatova Alla , Altynnik Nataliya , Sobolev Konstantin
Published: July 2014

This article deals with the development of autoclaved composites (AC) with nanostructured additive (NSA) and reports on the beneficial effects of NSA in autoclaved lime-silica mixtures.

Based on the results of X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy investigation, the effects of hydrothermal conditions on the mechanisms of lime-silica interaction are revealed. It is demonstrated that the addition of NSA intensifies the formation of the C-S-H phase, reduces the quantities of amorphous phases and enables the formation of low-base calcium hydrosilicates (11Å-tobermorite and xonotlite).

The physical and mechanical properties of autoclaved composites with NSA are investigated and optimized. The reported research demonstrates the feasibility of NSA application to improve the performance of autoclaved materials.
Cement Composites Reinforced with Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Petrunin Sergey , Vaganov Viktor , Sobolev Konstantin
Published: July 2014

This paper reports on the effect of surface functionalization of multi-wall carbon nanotubes on the strength and structure of portland cement composites. Reference nanotubes and nanotubes functionalized by carboxylic groups are used in this research.

Grafting of functional groups on the surface of the nanotubes allows the acceleration of cement hydration. It is established that the use of carboxylated nanotubes contributed to early strength development. The multi-wall carbon nanotubes reinforced composites are characterized by the high content of the calcium silicate hydrates and a very dense structure.
Characterization of All Carbon Composites Reinforced with In situ Synthesized Carbon Nanostructures
Authors: Hernandez F. C. Robles , Calderon H. A. , Barber D. , Okonkwo A. , Olivares R. Ordoñez , Hadjiev V.
Published: July 2014

In this work results are presented regarding carbon composites produced by high energy mechanical milling and consolidated by spark plasma sintering. The involved energy input in such a processing method has been used to develop composite materials and to synthesize effective in-situ reinforcement. In the as milled and sintered composites various dispersions of graphene, graphitic carbon, and diamonds in an amorphous matrix are found. The graphene, graphitic carbon and diamond phases are synthesized primarily during milling. The TEAM-05 microscope has been used for characterization that is complemented with Raman results. The spark plasma sintering method enhances the presence of graphene, graphitic carbon and diamonds.
The Application of Nano-Structured Silica Based Admixture in Gypsum Binders
Authors: Voitovich E.V. , Cherevatova A.V. , Zhernovsky I.V. , Fisher H.-B. , Sobolev K.
Published: July 2014

This article reports on a new composite gypsum binder (CGB) with nanostructured silica-based admixture (NSS). NSS is obtained by a wet ultrafine milling of quartz sand resulting in the formation of an inorganic polydisperse binding system, which has a high concentration of active nanoscale phase (about 10%). Developed CGB contains hemihydrate gypsum and nano-component based on quartz sand. It is observed that the addition of 15–20 % of NSS improves the rheological properties of gypsum systems through the formation of solvate shells hindering the access of water to gypsum particles; this process also retards the setting of binder.

The experimental program used infrared IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to reveal the contribution of NSS. The porosity of CGB is analyzed by the kinetics of water adsorption and BET. The XRD and IR investigations determined the formation of a new sulfosilicate phase, hydroxyellestadite during the hydration of CGB. With the addition of NSS an overall reduction in pore volume, as well as the shifts in macro-, meso- and nano- porosity values are observed.

Analysis of CGB microstructure reveals that in the presence of the NSS the size and morphology of crystals are changed contributing to the formation of dense fine-grained structure. Experimental studies have demonstrated that the composite gypsum binders with NSS are characterized by reduced water absorption and increased density, as well as improved mechanical performance especially, higher compressive strength.
Effects of Antibiotics on Bone and Soft-Tissue Healing Following Immediate Single-Tooth Implant Placement Into Sites With Apical Pathology
Authors: Hosseini Bashir , Byrd Warren C. , Preisser John S. , Khan Asma , Duggan Derek , Bencharit Sompop
Published: July 2014

Overprescription of antibiotics can cause bacterial resistance problems, leading to life-threatening illnesses and public health crises. Clinicians often believe antibiotics can prevent dental implant failure and postoperative complications. In conjunction with implant surgery, antibiotics are therefore routinely prescribed for all cases. In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial, the effects of antibiotics on the clinical outcomes of immediate implant placement upon replacing a tooth with an apical pathology were examined to compare antibiotics (n = 10) and placebo (n = 10). In each subject, a tooth with a chronic apical lesion was extracted, thoroughly curetted, irrigated, and replaced with single implant with a screw-retained custom provisional abutment/crown. Postoperative pain/discomfort was measured at 1- and 4-week postsurgical follow-up visits using visual analog scales. Facial alveolar bone and soft-tissue changes were measured using pre- and postoperative cone-beam computerized tomography and impressions. We found survival rates of 100% (antibiotics) and 78% (control). However, there was no statistical difference in means for any clinical outcome (t tests with Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing), except for midfacial soft-tissue changes: 0.43 mm (SD, 0.76) in the antibiotics group and 1.70 mm (SD, 1.06) in the placebo group (t15 = −2.89, P = .011). The average change of the midfacial alveolar plate was 0.62 mm (SD, 0.46) and 1.34 mm (SD, 0.91) for the antibiotic and placebo groups, respectively, which did not significantly differ statistically. No significant correlation (Spearman correlation) existed between the changes in facial alveolar bone and the facial gingival margin. Antibiotics appear to have little effect on immediate implant treatment outcomes.
Cigarette smoking among psychiatric patients in Brazil
Authors: Barros Fabiana Cristina Ribeiro de , Melo Ana Paula Souto , Cournos Francine , Cherchiglia Mariângela Leal , Peixoto Eliane Rezende de Morais , Guimarães Mark Drew Crosland
Published: July 2014

The aim of this study was to estimate tobacco smoking prevalence among psychiatric patients attended in care facilities in Brazil and assess associated factors. A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted of psychiatric patients (N = 2,475) selected from 26 care facilities. Current and ex-smokers were compared to those who had never smoked. Odds ratios were estimated using logistic regression. The current and past smoking prevalence rates were 52.7% and 18.9%, respectively. Being male, aged 40 years or over, drug and alcohol use, unprotected sex and a history of physical violence were factors associated with both current and past smoking, while a low education level (≤ 8 years of schooling), history of homelessness, not practicing a religion, current or previous psychiatric hospitalization, and main psychiatric diagnosis substance use disorders, were factors only associated with current smoking. Tobacco smoking prevalence among this population was high and was higher than the rate in the general population. Appropriate interventions and smoking prevention policies should be incorporated into mental health services.
Características sociodemográficas, bienestar subjetivo y homofobia en una muestra de hombres gay en tres ciudades chilenas
Authors: Barrientos-Delgado Jaime , Cárdenas-Castro Manuel , Gómez-Ojeda Fabiola
Published: July 2014

Este artículo describe y caracteriza sociodemográficamente a una muestra de hombres gay en tres ciudades de Chile. Además, describe sus niveles de homofobia y bienestar subjetivo. Mediante un muestreo en cadena tipo bola de nieve se encuestó a 325 hombres que se autodefinieron como gay. Entre los principales hallazgos se encontró altos niveles de discriminación y victimización percibida. Además en comparación con estudios similares efectuados en el país, los encuestados presentan niveles mayores de bienestar social. La edad de los encuestados aporta diferencias para los niveles de bienestar social y no para las otras medidas. También, las personas con estudios superiores reportan mayores niveles de victimización y un mayor impacto vital de las situaciones de discriminación. Asimismo, si bien las personas que residen en Santiago reportan un mayor impacto relativo de los hechos de agresión, presentan mejores niveles de bienestar social y felicidad en comparación a las personas que viven en otras regiones.
Gastos da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, com medicamentos: uma análise do período 2002-2011
Authors: Silva Rondineli Mendes da , Caetano Rosângela
Published: July 2014

O estudo analisou o comportamento histórico das compras de medicamentos da Secretaria Municipal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre 2002-2011. Utilizaram-se dados financeiros sobre quantidade anual total adquirida e preço unitário. Calcularam-se o gasto anual por habitante e a proporção das despesas com medicamentos frente aos gastos municipais em saúde. Os gastos foram ajustados pelo Índice de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo para compará-los a 2011. Os medicamentos foram classificados, segundo ambiente de predomínio de uso, em hospitalar ou atenção primária e pelas classes do sistema anatômico-terapêutico-químico da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Os gastos totais ajustados foram de cerca de R$ 575 milhões, com redução ao longo do intervalo analisado. Medicamentos anti-infecciosos e vinculados aos sistemas cardiovascular e nervoso responderam por 55% dos gastos totais. Houve transição dos gastos com medicamentos do ambiente hospitalar para aqueles de uso predominante na atenção primária em saúde. A análise pode potencializar a gestão e sinaliza para necessidade de correção de rumos na política municipal de medicamentos.
Capacidade de produção e grau de utilização de tomógrafo computadorizado no Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Santos Diana Lima dos , Leite Handerson Jorge Dourado , Rasella Davide , Silva Sebastião Antonio Loureiro de Souza e
Published: July 2014

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a distribuição da oferta da tomografia computadorizada e o grau de utilização do tomógrafo computadorizado (TC) no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), por estado e esfera administrativa, no ano de 2009. Utilizando dados secundários, estimou-se a capacidade de produção dos tomógrafos públicos e privados disponíveis ao SUS e calculou-se o grau de utilização dos mesmos. Os resultados mostraram que o grau de utilização dos TCs dos prestadores SUS possui uma média nacional abaixo de 10% e que o setor público tem o menor grau de utilização do TC, em comparação com o setor privado conveniado ao SUS. Foi observado que a produção de exames por TC no SUS é menor do que a metade da produção obtida em países desenvolvidos. Assim, os resultados sugerem a necessidade de um aprofundamento nos estudos das práticas de gestão tecnológica desses equipamentos, uma vez que é possível uma melhor alocação dos recursos públicos necessários à produção de tomografias computadorizadas.
Incapacidade laboral entre trabalhadores do ramo Correios: incidência, duração e despesa previdenciária em 2008
Authors: Mascarenhas Flávia Alves Neves , Barbosa-Branco Anadergh
Published: July 2014

Analisou-se o perfil dos trabalhadores do ramo de atividade Correios que receberam benefícios auxílio-doença, no Brasil, em 2008. Os dados originaram-se do Sistema Único de Benefícios (SUB) e do Cadastro Nacional de Informações Sociais (CNIS). A incidência foi de 556,5 benefícios por 10 mil empregados, e as principais causas de afastamento foram traumatismos, doenças osteomusculares e transtornos mentais. Locais de traumas mais notificados foram joelho e perna, punho e mão, tornozelo e pé, ombro e braço, com as maiores incidências em homens. Mulheres foram as mais acometidas por doenças osteomusculares e transtornos mentais. A duração do auxílio-doença foi maior entre homens, havendo aumento da incidência de benefícios com o envelhecimento. Os estados de Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Santa Catarina foram os de maiores incidências, e a despesa previdenciária foi de R$ 1.847,00. É possível que a atividade postal apresente riscos adicionais de acidentes em extremidades devido ao excesso de peso carregado por longas distâncias, risco de assaltos ou de acidente por mordedura de cães.
A regulamentação da propaganda de alimentos no Brasil: convergências e conflitos de interesses
Authors: Henriques Patricia , Dias Patricia Camacho , Burlandy Luciene
Published: July 2014

O presente estudo objetivou desenvolver uma análise comparativa entre o documento proposto para regulamentar a publicidade de alimentos não saudáveis e de bebidas de baixo valor nutricional, levado à consulta pública em 2006, e a Resolução aprovada em 2010. A análise se pautou em dados provenientes de documentos legais referentes à regulamentação da propaganda de alimentos, na identificação dos atores-chave e dos argumentos que fundamentaram seus discursos. Verificou-se que a Resolução aprovada se apresenta menos detalhada e rigorosa sob o ponto de vista regulatório. Foram retiradas proibições e exigências sobre o formato, o conteúdo e os temas das propagandas de alimentos, em especial as voltadas ao público infantil. Faz-se necessário fortalecer a discussão sobre o que é a esfera pública, como ela se constrói, o que são interesses públicos e quais mecanismos e processos podem contribuir para garanti-los.
Relación médico-paciente y mercado de la salud en Colombia
Authors: Jorge Márquez V
Published: July 2014

Este artículo versa sobre el deterioro de la relación médico-paciente por el sistema de salud colombiano basado en principios neoliberales del mercado de la salud. Son tan numerosos los datos y las evidencias del deterioro de la atención en salud en Colombia durante las dos últimas décadas, que se hace innecesario emplear una metodología cuantitativa de administración de pruebas para denunciarlo. Aquí se muestra la precarización de la relación médico-paciente en Colombia, mediante testimonios de expertos y observación propia como usuario del sistema.
A expansão das Ciências Sociais na Saúde Coletiva: usos e abusos da pesquisa qualitativa
Authors: Knauth Daniela Riva , Leal Andréa Fachel
Published: July 2014

A expansão e consolidação da área das Ciências Sociais em Saúde possibilitaram a valorização e difusão da pesquisa qualitativa. O crescente número de artigos submetidos a revistas científicas da área da Saúde Coletiva, bem como de dissertações e teses, que utilizam a metodologia qualitativa em suas pesquisas tem chamado a atenção dos cientistas sociais. O presente artigo se propõe a levantar alguns elementos no sentido de aprofundar a reflexão sobre as implicações da expansão das Ciências Sociais em Saúde, particularmente no que concerne à pesquisa qualitativa. Nossa experiência na avaliação de trabalhos da área indica a baixa incorporação da perspectiva epistemológica da metodologia qualitativa e do referencial teórico das Ciências Sociais nas pesquisas em Saúde Coletiva, resultando em estudos sem consistência teórico-metodológica, empíricos e que pouco contribuem para a compreensão dos fenômenos da área da Saúde Coletiva.
Assessment of cross-cultural adaptations and measurement properties of self-report outcome measures in Portuguese relevant to temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Costa Letícia Miranda Resende da , Medeiros Daiane Lazzeri de , Ries Lilian Gerdi Kittel , Beretta Audria , Noronha Marcos Amaral de
Published: July 2014

The aim of this study was to identify, through a systematic review, which questionnaires used to assess temporomandibular (TMD) disorders are available in the Portuguese language, describing and analyzing the procedures used to translate and adapt the questionnaire into Portuguese, as well their measurement properties. Systematic searches were performed in five electronic databases (MEDLINE by PubMed, Embase, CINAHL by EBSCO, SciELO and LILACS). All studies were analyzed according to the criteria of quality guidelines for the procedures for cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties. There were 1.418, of which only six were eligible. Manual search retrieved two additional articles and a book chapter, totaling nine eligible studies. Four instruments were translated/adapted into Portuguese: The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders: Axis II (RDC/TMD); the Fonseca Questionnaire and Anamnestic Index; the Questionnaire from the American Academy of Orofacial Pain (QAADO); and Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire (MFIQ), but none of these questionnaires where fully submitted to the steps for translation and adaptation recommended by the followed guidelines and none of the questionnaires had all measurement properties tested. The RDC/TMD and tehe MFIQ are the best available questionnaires in Portuguese to assess TMD, as were those with the most measurement properties acceptable results tested.
Handgrip and functional mobility in elderly with different levels of physical activity
Authors: Macedo Dayane de Oliveira , Freitas Letícia Mendes de , Scheicher Marcos Eduardo
Published: July 2014

The proportion of elderly people is growing worldwide and, with this, there is an increase of chronic-degenerative conditions such as impaired balance and falls. The physically active elderly tends to an improved response in muscle strength, flexibility and postural balance. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the grip strength and mobility of elderly people with different levels of physical activity. The sample consisted of 44 elderly with 60 years or more, both sexes, divided in: 18 elderly practicing volleyball adapted (AVG), 13 elderly practicing some physical activity (AG) and 13 sedentary elderly (SG). Grip strength was assessed by a hydraulic dynamometer and mobility through the test "Timed Up and Go" (TUG). Data were evaluated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, to check normality. The comparison of the results of the three groups was performed by ANOVA with Tukey post-test, with p<0.05. The results showed that grip strength (p=0.008) and mobility (p=0.003) were better to AVG when compared to the other groups. It is suggested that the sports practice implement the gains in functional mobility and strength when compared to purely non-specific exercise and inactivity.
Physical activity level and depressive symptoms in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cavalcanti Cléssyo Tavares de Amorim , Araújo Filho José Cândido de , Marinho Patrícia Érika de Melo
Published: July 2014

This study aimed to evaluate the association between the presence of depressive symptoms and physical activity level (PAL) in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Cross-sectional study comprising 101 patients on HD, mean age 47.4±12.5 years. Sociodemographic data, economic, clinical, assessment of depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Scale - BDI), PAL (International Physical Activity Questionnaire - IPAQ), guidance for performing physical activity (PA) and time of HD. The prevalence of sedentary and depressive symptoms was 79.2% and 39.6%, respectively. Depressive symptoms were observed in 47.5% of sedentary patients (χ2=10.029, p=0.002), the ratio of prevalence of these symptoms five times higher in this group. 68.3% of patients on HD received no guidance for PA. Under 49 months of hemodialysis treatment, 63.8% of sedentary (χ2=3.011, p=0.083) and 57.5% of patients with depressive symptoms (χ2=0.100, p=0.752) already had these features. Although little is known about the relationship between depression and PA among patients undergoing HD, this study found that depressive symptoms were more prevalent among inactive. The results of this study demonstrate that patients undergoing HD have low PAL, relative presence of depressive symptoms and high lack of guidance on PA.
Physical therapy in the conservative treatment for anterior cruciate ligament rupture followed by contralateral rupture: case report
Authors: Almeida Gabriel Peixoto Leão , Arruda Gilvan de Oliveira , Marques Amélia Pasqual
Published: July 2014

Although the surgical reconstruction be the obvious indication for the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) lesion, there is no consensus on whether the results of surgery are superior to those obtained with nonsurgical management. The objective of this report was to describe a case of nonsurgical treatment for ACL rupture followed by a contralateral rupture. A 28-year-old female practitioner of muay-thai and handball suffered a non-contact ACL rupture in the left knee, and three months after the end of rehabilitation, the patient suffered a second non-contact ACL rupture in the contralateral knee and also received nonsurgical treatment. After both ruptures the patient received a treatment program focused on the strengthening of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles, trunk stabilization, plyometrics exercises, perturbation training, and return-to-sport training. After the treatments the patient exhibited absence of pain; normal muscular function and knee extension and flexion strength; normal range of motion; normal hop tests (<10% difference between members); improvement in the knee functional capacity and total return to normal activities. After two years of follow-up, the patient remained pain free and with normal knee function. The findings demonstrate the physical therapy effects in the nonsurgical treatment of bilateral ACL rupture. The patient could return to sport practice without instability. Further studies with a larger sample are needed to assess the recovery capacity and the full return to sport activities of patients with ACL injury.
Quality of life after mastectomy and its relation with muscle strength of upper limb
Authors: Silva Suelen Helena da , Koetz Lydia Christmann Espindola , Sehnem Eduardo , Grave Magali Teresinha Quevedo
Published: July 2014

This research transversal, analytical, exploratory and quantitative approach aimed to identify the quality of life of women who have had a mastectomy surgery, relate the results with the strength of the upper limb muscle affected and draw a sociofunctional profile. A total of 10 women participated, from 30 to 60 years old, who underwent to unilateral modified radical mastectomy in a medium-sized hospital in an inner city of Rio Grande do Sul, for at least one year from the date of data collection. The strength of the upper limb muscle was evaluated by manual testing and the handgrip was tested with the dynamometer. A sociofunctional questionnaire was applied and the quality of life data were collected through the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 questionnaire, followed by the module BR-23. The strength had decreased in all muscle groups homolateral to the surgery. The life quality in a global health bases resulted as regular. The main changes found in the functionality were at scales: emotional, cognitive and sexual. Statistically, it was found significance and correlation between physical health and social function (p=0.04; r=0.65), cognition and functional performance (p=0.01; r=0.75), emotional performance and cognition (p=0.005; r=0.9) and between handgrip of the affected limb with the global health (p=0.008; r=0.77). Breast cancer and mastectomy has a direct impact on the upper limb muscle strength, functionality and on life quality of women, in sexual, cognitive and emotional domains, and physiotherapy plays an important role in the rehabilitation and in social rehabilitation of these.
Conflict management: challenges experienced by nurse-leaders in the hospital environment
Authors: Amestoy Simone Coelho , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Thofehrn Maira Buss , Martini Jussara Gue , Meirelles Betina Hörner Schlindwein , Trindade Letícia de Lima
Published: July 2014

This study aimed to understand the main conflicts experienced by nurses-leaders in the hospital environment, as well as the strategies adopted to face them. The study reflects a qualitative descriptive type approach, which was used in the case study as research strategy. The study included 25 nurses who worked in three hospitals in the city of Florianopolis, Santa Catarina. Information where obtained in the months of May to December of 2010 through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation and dialogical workshops. Data were analyzed using the Thematic Analysis. The results demonstrated the predominant of interpersonal conflicts involving the multidisciplinary team, nurses and the nursing staff. Adopting a participatory leadership, based on dialogue emerges as a strategy for coping with conflicts in the hospital environment.
Emergency contraception: knowledge and attitudes of nursing students
Authors: Veloso Danyelle Lorrane Carneiro , Peres Valéria Costa , Lopes Juliane da Silveira Ortiz de Camargo , Salge Ana Karina Marques , Guimarães Janaína Valadares
Published: July 2014

This study aims to identify the knowledge and attitude towards emergency contraception among nursing students from a public university in Goiás - a state in Brazil. A descriptive and analytical research methodology with a quantitative approach was used, applying, from February to May 2011 a questionnaire on the sexual knowledge and attitude of students regarding emergency contraception. 178 students participated in the study. Knowledge was confirmed through the high frequency of correct answers to the questions, especially those concerning the correct time and the instructions for use (between 86% - 96%). Although many students use this method, there are still some doubts about the mechanism of action, side effects and access availability (frequency of correct answers lower than 50%). We noticed the need to develop educational policies that encourage the promotion of sex education in schools and universities.
The experience of others and becoming a senior citizen
Authors: Andrade Luana Machado , Sena Edite Lago da Silva , Jesus Isabel Silva de
Published: July 2014

The study aims to describe the perception of seniors on the exercise of citizenship in the light of the thought of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, based on the notion of the sexed body and the other's body. Discloses was from the participation of 13 elderly, members of acquaintance groups in the city of Jequié/BA, which produced experiential descriptions in three focus group meetings, during the month of April in 2012. Such descriptions were submitted to ambiguity analytics, a technique that consists in suspending the theories and notice the ambiguities inherent in them. From this analysis, two categories have emerged: being an elderly citizen in the expression of the sexed body and being an elderly citizen in the expression of the other's body. The reflections have shown that the inclusion of elderly women in acquaintance groups and their desire to exercise citizenship occur, primarily, by the need to be accepted in society and recognized as subjects of law.
Adverse events related to the use of enteral nutritional therapy
Authors: Cervo Anamarta Sbeghen , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Carollo Jéssica Baldissera , Chagas Bruna Pereira , Oliveira Adriano Silva de , Urbanetto Janete de Souza
Published: July 2014

Aimed at verifying the occurrence of adverse events related to enteral nutrition use in patients of a public hospital in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul. A quantitative, longitudinal and descriptive study, conducted in January-May 2012, that accompanied 46 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit and Medical Clinic. For evaluating the adverse events, we used quality indicators: inadvertent exit, tube obstruction and volume of infused diet. For analysis, we used descriptive statistics. The results showed that inadvertent exit of the tube and obstruction presented incidence rates of 4.6% and 2.1%, respectively. The volume of diet infused was less than that prescribed, due to pauses for body hygiene, tests and procedures, nausea / vomiting and delay in the availability of installation of the bottle in the unit. We conclude that the use of quality indicators in the assessment of care can help reduce damage to the patient.
The families and directly observed treatment of tuberculosis: senses and prospects to the production of care
Authors: Yamamura Mellina , Martinez Talita Reche , Popolin Marcela Paschoal , Rodrigues Ludmila Barbosa Bandeira , Freitas Isabela Moreira de , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: July 2014

The purpose was to identify the families' participation on care management of patients with tuberculosis. Also, to ascertain the contribution offered by health professionals for patients' families with ongoing treatment, and investigate the importance attributed by the families to the directly observed treatment. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto/SP with families of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis. For data collection, it was developed an instrument that underwent pretesting and content validation. Ninety four subjects were interviewed. According to the results, 64 (68.0%) relatives participated in the care management and 81 (86.2%) reported a good relationship with the staff. Sixty three family members (67%) did not receive any guidance about drugs and 75 (80.0%) of the respondents considered the strategy as relevant. The findings indicate that the Directly Observed Treatment has limitations regarding the guidelines of clinical management of the disease, the inclusion of family in care management and understanding of its goals.
Preceptorship in the perspective of comprehensive care: conversations with nurses
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Maria Maia , Freitas Consuelo Helena Aires de , Guerreiro Maria das Graças da Silva , Jorge Maria Salete Bessa
Published: July 2014

The aim of this study was to understand preceptorship in nursing practice fields and its association with comprehensive care. This study was based on qualitative field research conducted in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from April to June 2012. A total of 20 preceptors were interviewed in the practice fields of three higher education institutions at three public state hospitals and one basic health unit. Thematic analysis enabled apprehension of the theme 'preceptorship in the perspective of comprehensive care', and the empirical categories: (dis)articulation in teaching-service: distancing from academic institutions; welcoming students in the practice field. On the field, routine teaches: articulation in teaching-service from the preceptor's perspective. Results showed that teaching-service integration is at risk in light of biologicism and the gap between teaching institutions and health services, but that it is a way of constructing the necessary changes to consolidate the National Health Service.
The importance of waste from healthcare services for teachers, students and graduates of the healthcare sector
Authors: Moreschi Claudete , Rempel Claudete , Backes Dirce Stein , Carreno Ioná , Siqueira Daiana Foggiato de , Marina Bruna
Published: July 2014

This study aimed to explore the perception healthcare sector teachers, students and graduates from two institutions of higher learning in Rio Grande do Sul, on the generation of waste from healthcare services. It used a qualitative research approach, performed with 13 teachers, 18 students and 12 healthcare professionals, who were collected through a focus group. The main results showed there is a perception toward the importance of proper segregation and disposal of Healthcare Service Waste, also there is a lack of concern for the reduction of these wastes. Therefore, the issue requires a broader understanding of the environment, with a view of planetary sustainability, exposing needs to provide the healthcare professionals with knowledge and awareness of the importance of handling these types of waste.
Patient safety: analysis of the incidents notified in a hospital, in south of Brazil
Authors: Lorenzini Elisiane , Santi Juliana Annita Ribeiro , Báo Ana Cristina Pretto
Published: July 2014

This study aimed to evaluate the incidents reported between the years 2008 and 2012, in a large hospital in southern Brazil. This is a retrospective study of documentary analysis, transverse and descriptive with a quantitative approach. Data was collected in march 2013, analyzed and presented as absolute and relative frequency. We identified 755 cases; this represented 1.1% of total hospitalizations. The higher frequency of reporting in inpatient units was 64.8%. The incident with the highest prevalence in this study was 45.4% falls, followed by medication error 16.7% and 16.2% other incidents. The low number of notifications can be related to the system adopted by the institution where the professional who notifies the incident needs to be identified.
Participation of the nurse manager in the process of hospital accreditation
Authors: Siman Andréia Guerra , Brito Maria José Menezes , Carrasco Melissa Evelyn Lopez
Published: July 2014

This study's aim was to understand the role of nurse managers in the process of hospital accreditation. This qualitative case study was conducted in a large private hospital in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Five nurse managers were interviewed using a semi-structured script from April to May, 2011 and content analysis was used to interpret the data. Results show the strategic position of this professional, his/her managerial skills and participation in the implementation and maintenance of accreditation, and the importance of care management. Nurses have played managerial roles with greater autonomy, connecting inter-sector care, which contrasts with the curative model, and have established partnerships with different social and institutional segments, adopting standards for teamwork. Managerial, healthcare, and educational work is performed from a procedural and indivisible perspective.
Effect of growth regulators on 'Brookfield' apple gas diffusion and metabolism under controlled atmosphere storage
Authors: Brackmann Auri , Thewes Fabio Rodrigo , Anese Rogerio de Oliveira , Both Vanderlei
Published: July 2014

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on gas diffusion and on metabolism of 'Brookfield' apple, and to determine their correlation with quality characteristics of fruit stored in controlled atmosphere. A completely randomized design was used with four replicates. After eight months of storage, the effects of water (control), aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), AVG + ethephon, AVG + naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), ethephon + NAA, sole NAA, 1-MCP, ethylene absorption by potassium permanganate (ABS), AVG + ABS, and of AVG + 1-MCP - applied at different rates and periods - were evaluated on: gas diffusion rate, ethylene production, respiratory rate, internal ethylene concentration, internal CO2 content, mealiness, and intercellular space. Fruit from the control and sole NAA treatments had the highest mealiness occurrence. Growth regulators significantly changed the gaseous diffusion through the pulp of 'Brookfield' apple, mainly in the treatment AVG + ABS, which kept the highest gas diffusion rate. NAA spraying in the field, with or without another growth regulator, increased ripening metabolism by rising ethylene production and respiration rate, and reduced gas diffusion during shelf life. AVG spraying cannot avoid the ethephon effect during the ripening process, and reduces both the internal space and mealiness incidence, but it is not able to induce ethylene production or to increase respiration rates.
Field performance of new cowpea cultivars inoculated with efficient nitrogen-fixing rhizobial strains in the Brazilian Semiarid
Authors: Marinho Rita de Cássia Nunes , Nóbrega Rafaela Simão Abrahão , Zilli Jerri Édson , Xavier Gustavo Ribeiro , Santos Carlos Antônio Fernandes , Aidar Saulo de Tarso , Martins Lindete Míria Vieira , Fernandes Júnior Paulo Ivan
Published: July 2014

The objective of this work was to evaluate the contribution of efficient nitrogen-fixing rhizobial strains to grain yield of new cowpea cultivars, indicated for cultivation in the Brazilian Semiarid region, in the sub-medium of the São Francisco River Valley. Two experiments were set up at the irrigated perimeters of Mandacaru (Juazeiro, state of Bahia) and Bebedouro (Petrolina, state of Pernambuco). The treatments consisted of single inoculation of five rhizobial strains - BR 3267, BR 3262, INPA 03-11B, UFLA 03-84 (Bradyrhizobiumsp.), and BR 3299T(Microvirga vignae) -, besides a treatment with nitrogen and a control without inoculation or N application. The following cowpea cultivars were evaluated: BRS Pujante, BRS Tapaihum, BRS Carijó, and BRS Acauã. A randomized complete block design, with four replicates, was used. Inoculated plants showed similar grain yield to the one observed with plants fertilized with 80 kg ha-1 N. The cultivars BRS Tapaihum and BRS Pujante stood out in grain yield and protein contents when inoculated, showing their potential for cultivation in the sub-medium of the São Francisco River Valley.
Carboidratos e carotenoides totais em duas variedades de mangarito
Authors: Ferreira Ana Paula Sato , Puiatti Mário , Pereira Ariana Mota , Cecon Paulo Roberto , Bhering Aline da Silva , Mendes Teresa Drummond Correia
Published: July 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição de carboidratos e carotenoides em rizomas mãe e filhos das variedades de mangarito (Xanthosoma riedelianum) pequeno e gigante. Amostras dos rizomas coletadas ao longo do ciclo cultural e após 90 dias de armazenamento foram avaliadas quanto aos teores de carboidratos e carotenoides totais. Os rizomas apresentaram aumento no teor de carboidratos, e o rizoma-mãe da variedade pequeno apresentou acréscimos lineares no teor de carotenoides, ao longo do cultivo. O armazenamento reduz os teores de carboidratos e de carotenoides totais em todos os rizomas.
A formação humana em debate
Authors: Della Fonte Sandra Soares
Published: July 2014

Este artigo aborda a questão da formação humana a partir do conflito entre formulações educacionais pós-críticas e críticas. De modo mais preciso, problematiza a perspectiva de formação humana das teorizações educacionais pós-críticas, ao mesmo tempo em que sinaliza um possível caminho a ser explorado e desenvolvido pela pedagogia histórico-crítica no enfrentamento das limitações que lhe são impostas. Conclui que a compreensão de omnilateralidade em Marx pode contribuir para inspirar formulações pedagógicas críticas na consolidação de uma concepção humana que supere, de um lado, tendências racionalistas ou cognitivistas e, de outro, perspectivas estetizantes.