bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿Cómo ayudar a los niños en fase terminal?
Authors: Astudillo W. , Mendinueta C.
Published: October 2022

Los niños con enfermedades en fase terminal producen una profunda impresión en todos los que les rodean. Necesitan ayuda para comunicarse, respeto y mucho afecto. Existen numerosos medios para ayudarles a sobrellevar mejor su mal. La familia requiere apoyo en las distintas fases de adaptación a la enfermedad y en el proceso del duelo. Se resalta la labor del cuidador.
Liberación controlada de principios activos mediante el empleo de formulaciones galénicas
Authors: Murillo M. , Espuelas S. , Prior S. , Vitas A. I. , Renedo M. J. , Goñi M. M. , Irache J. M. , Gamazo Carlos
Published: October 2022

Los principios activos incluidos en una forma galénica convencional se distribuyen indistinta mente entre dianas biológicas específicas y otros tejidos anatómicos. Con el fin de obtener una terapéutica más racional y mejor adaptada, una de las posibilidades más prometedoras es la que utiliza el concepto de vectorización: asociación del principio activo a un vector apropiado, con objeto de aumentar la eficacia y la especificidad de acción del mismo. De esta manera, no solo aumenta la afinidad del fármaco por la diana, sino que además queda protegido de un ambiente potencialmente hostil (enzimas hidrolíticas, pH ácido, etc.). El éxito en la extensión de las aplicaciones de la vectorización depende cada vez más de un diseño adecuado, por lo que el objetivo fundamental de esta revisión será la de presentar las características gen erales y algunas de las actuales aplicaciones de estas nuevas formas farmacéuticas.
Radioterapia en cáncer de recto localmente avanzado: situación actual y desarrollo terapéutico
Authors: Díaz González Juan A. , Aristu J. , Martínez Monge R. , Martín Algarra S. , Calvo F. A.
Published: October 2022

La radioterapia es uno de los elementos integrantes del tratamiento radical del cáncer de recto localmente avanzado. La radioterapia preoperatoria y la radioterapia postoperatoria en combinación con quimioterapia han demostrado aumento del control local y la supervivencia. La tendencia actual es el uso de quimioirradiación preoperatoria por su mejor tolerancia y porque a los beneficios en control local y supervivencia se le podrían añadir los de mayor tasa de respuesta (downstaging) y un aumento de cirugía preservadora del esfínter anal. El desarrollo terapéutico en cáncer de recto localmente avanzado se sitúa en conseguir una mayor intensificación terapéutica sobre el tumor y las regiones de riesgo de recidiva sin aumentar la toxicidad sobre los tejidos sanos: esquemas de radioterapia con fraccionamientos modificados, radioterapia intraoperatoria, radioterapia con intensidad modulada de dosis, nuevos agentes quimioterápicos en combinación con radioterapia. En el presente artículo se revisan los datos más relevantes de esta modalidad terapéutica.
El receptor del factor de crecimiento epitelial EGFR como diana terapéutica en cáncer colorrectal
Authors: García F. , Bandrés E. , Zabalegui N. , Zárate R. , Catalán V. , Honorato B. , Martín Algarra S. , García-Foncillas Jesús
Published: October 2022

La terapia dirigida al receptor del factor de crecimiento epitelial o EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) es una novedosa área de investigación clínica que actualmente cuenta con varias moléculas que han demostrado actividad en pacientes con cáncer. Diversos estudios experimentales han relacionado el factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGF) con el desarrollo y progresión de enfermedad en modelos experimentales de cáncer colorrectal (CCR). Estos hallazgos son sugestivos que CCR puede responder a la terapia dirigida frente a EGFR.

La experiencia actual con inhibidores de la tirosina quinasa de EGFR, anticuerpos monoclonales anti EGFR y oligonucleótidos antisentido han demostrado efecto antitumoral y proporciona un fundamento para su evaluación clínica, solos o combinados con drogas citotóxicas. No obstante, son necesarios nuevos estudios y un mayor seguimiento, para confirmar si el actual nivel de entusiasmo se ajustará al impacto terapéutico.
Ante la duda, mejor cerciorarse
Authors: Merino Muxika J.M.
Published: October 2022

En el árbol bronquial pueden alojarse diferentes cuerpos extraños de naturaleza radiopaca o no. En este último caso, ante la duda de su existencia, únicamente puede confi rmarse mediante broncoscopia, por ello es mejor cerciorarse.
On the record - An obituary for Professor Mike Brogden, sociologist, social historian, policing scholar, troublemaker of sorts
Authors: Van der Spuy Elrena
Published: October 2022

Elrena van der Spuy reflects on the life and work of Mike Brogden, whose work on on crime, criminal justice and policing in the context of social history shaped converstations on police reform and the field of criminology in South Africa.
On the record - Interview with Shaun Shelly, Researcher at the University of Pretoria and the Policy, Advocacy and Human Rights lead at TB HIV Care, South Africa
Authors: Kriegler Anine
Published: October 2022

In November 2020 Anine Kriegler interviewed Shaun Shelly about recent developments in South African Drug Policy in the wake of the 2018 Constitutional Court judgment decriminalising personal possession of cannabis, and the subsequent Cannabis for Private Purposes Bill.  Shaun is a researcher at the University of Pretoria Department of Family Medicine where he is part of the team implementing a community oriented primary care approach to address drug use in the City of Tshwane. He is the founder of the South African Drug Policy Week and is the drug policy lead at TB HIV Care, a non-profit organisation that works to prevent, find, and treat TB, HIV, and other major diseases by targeting interventions to address the needs of populations at risk, such as inmates, sex workers, and people who inject drugs. Shaun is a founding member and chair of the South African Network of People Who Use Drugs and the former Deputy Secretary of the United Nations Vienna NGO Committee on Narcotic Drugs. He sits on various other national and international task teams and advisory boards on drugs.

Anine is a board member of the South African Drug Policy Initiative, a voluntary association that aims to reform South African drug laws, and which submitted an objection to the Bill.
Flipped Classroom Model For EFL/ESL Instruction in Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zain Dodi Siraj Muamar
Published: October 2022

Background. Researchers and teaching practitioners are working on formulating instructional approaches that suit the students’ interests by incorporating the latest technology. The flipped classroom model emerges as an alternative to extend the classroom interaction, create a different atmosphere, and accommodate a meaningful and collaborative interaction in the class.

Purpose. This paper aims to present a systematic review of past studies focusing on the implementation of the flipped classroom for EFL/ESL instruction in higher education.

Methods. A total of 29 articles were selected using specific criteria comprising year and types of publication, contexts, and the determined quality standard. The collected articles were then analyzed to reveal the research components including the research designs, participants, and instructional tools.

Results. This study presents a discussion of the practical instructional benefits of the flipped classroom model and the possible barriers.

Implications. Furthermore, from this discussion, this study formulated pedagogical and research implications for possible directions in future studies.
Citations and References: Guidelines on Literature Practices
Authors: Tikhonova Elena , Raitskaya Lilia
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Citations of scholarly publications are considered an efficient measure of productivity of research and researchers. They are part of scholarly communication, driving the evolving knowledge in all disciplines. Citations form an integral part of literature practices of researchers. The latter are prone to deliberate or unconscious biases. One of the challenges all researchers face is to overcome or at least mitigate identified biases in citation. It may lead to distorting knowledge development in the least possible way.

Purpose. As the research of citations is on the rise, more theoretical background is being developed. The editors call the JLE readers attention to the Triangular Citations, with various relationships among publications formed by citations.

Results. Empirical studies are not unanimous in defining the features that affect citations most. Most researchers highlight a publication source as the most influential feature, with multi feature approach favoured by the academic community at large. Other features entail features relating to authors, journal, and publication itself. Moreover, there are varieties across the disciplines. The field of research of citation behaviour is only beginning to widen. The focus of such research is made on citation behaviour patterns, individual incentives behind the references and citations aligned with financial or reputation stimuli, and citations patterns linked to citation behaviour. Bias in citation threatens to distort knowledge and may evolve it subtly or obviously in a specific direction. Biases are not easy to deal with. In addition, values and mindsets vary across the countries and academic and scholarly communities that hinders efforts to overcome biases.

Implications. The JLE editors sum up the best guidelines on improvements in publications that add to greater citations, with the high quality of articles as the key.
Comparing of hearing thresholds determined with the help of different apps for mobile phones
Authors: Zdanowicz Rita , Kochanek Krzysztof , Czajka Natalia , Skarżyński Piotr
Published: October 2022

Wstęp

Wady słuchu należą do najczęstszych, biorąc pod uwagę uszkodzenia narządów zmysłów. Na niedosłuch cierpi ponad 1,5 mld ludzi na świecie. Duża część z nich zamieszkuje obszary, w których nie ma dostępu do opieki audiologicznej i odpowiednich badań. Późno rozpoznany lub nieleczony ubytek słuchu może doprowadzić do poważnych konsekwencji, dlatego tak ważna jest profilaktyka i przeprowadzanie badań przesiewowych słuchu. Dzięki rozwojowi technologii dobrą alternatywą dla badań audiometrycznych wykonywanych na profesjonalnych urządzeniach mogą być aplikacje badające słuch na telefony komórkowe. Istnieje cały szereg aplikacji na smartfony, które mają na celu sprawdzenie stanu słuchu, szerzenie świadomości na temat niedosłuchów i konieczności wczesnego rozpoznania, diagnozowania i podejmowania terapii audiologicznej.

Cel

Celem pracy była ocena przydatności wybranych aplikacji telefonicznych pod kątem użyteczności do badań słuchu u osób dorosłych oraz określenie dokładności wyznaczania progów słyszenia za pomocą aplikacji na smartfony w porównaniu z Platformą Badań Zmysłów.

Materiał i metody

Przeprowadzono badania porównawcze w grupie 21 osób w wieku 24–63 lata. Wyznaczono progi słyszenia za pomocą Platformy Badań Zmysłów oraz trzech aplikacji: Tester Słuchu, Badanie Słuchu i Hearing Test.

Wyniki

Analiza wyników badań wykazała, że aplikacje na telefon komórkowy dają podobne wyniki do tych uzyskanych za pomocą Platformy Badań Zmysłów. Najbardziej zbliżone wyniki uzyskano za pomocą aplikacji Badanie Słuchu. Dla wszystkich częstotliwości odsetek różnic, nie większych niż 10 dB, pomiędzy progami wyznaczonymi za pomocą aplikacji i audiometru – Platformą Badań Zmysłów, przekraczał 90%. Równie dobry wynik uzyskano za pomocą aplikacji Hearing Test. Najgorsze wyniki uzyskano w przypadku aplikacji Tester Słuchu, która wykazała najmniejszą zgodność z wynikami uzyskanymi za pomocą Platformy Badań Zmysłów, zwłaszcza dla częstotliwości 250 Hz.

Wnioski

Przeprowadzone badania pokazały, że testowane aplikacje mogą być stosowane jako narzędzie do przesiewowego badania słuchu, a wyniki uzyskane za pomocą aplikacji w większości przypadków pokrywają się z wynikami uzyskanymi na Platformie Badań Zmysłów.
Psychomotor development of children in early school age with central auditory processing and speech development disorders compared to the typically developing children
Authors: Ganc Małgorzata , Kobosko Joanna , Jędrzejczak Wiesław , Skoczylas Anna , Skarżyński Henryk
Published: October 2022

Wprowadzenie

Centralne zaburzenia przetwarzania słuchowego (C)APD są to trudności w przetwarzaniu informacji słuchowych w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym i często współwystępują z innymi zaburzeniami, takimi jak na przykład nieprawidłowy rozwój mowy i języka. U dzieci z (C)APD często obserwuje się opóźniony bądź nieharmonijny rozwój psychoruchowy.

Cel

Celem pracy jest ocena rozwoju psychoruchowego dzieci w wieku 6;6–9;11 lat, u których nieprawidłowo przebiegają procesy centralnego przetwarzania słuchowego oraz współwystępują zaburzenia rozwoju mowy i języka.

Materiał i metody

W badaniach wzięło udział 75 dzieci (57 chłopców i 18 dziewczynek) podzielonych na dwie grupy wiekowe: 6;6–7;11 lat (dzieci młodsze) oraz 8;0–9;9 lat (dzieci starsze) rozpoczynające terapię Stymulacji Percepcji Słuchowej metodą Skarżyńskiego (SPS-artykulacja) prowadzonej w Światowym Centrum Słuchu w Kajetanach. Do oceny rozwoju psychoruchowego wykorzystano Karty Oceny Rozwoju Psychoruchowego (KORP), które umożliwiają identyfikację nieprawidłowości rozwojowych w wielu sferach funkcjonowania dzieci.

Wyniki

W sferze rozwoju ruchowego 58% badanych dzieci młodszych i 66% dzieci starszych z (C)APD prezentuje niski poziom tych umiejętności, zaś w sferze motoryki precyzyjnej i lateralizacji wyniki niskie osiągnęło 42% dzieci młodszych i 92% z grupy starszej w porównaniu z rówieśnikami o typowym rozwoju. Z kolei w sferze spostrzegania wzrokowego i koordynacji wzrokowo-ruchowej wyniki prawidłowe bądź wysokie uzyskało aż 72% dzieci młodszych i 51% dzieci starszych. Niski poziom w obszarze komunikacji i mowy stwierdzono u 53% młodszych i 82% starszych dzieci rozpoczynających terapię. O ile w sferze rozwoju emocjonalno-społecznego 17% badanej młodszej grupy dzieci z (C)APD otrzymało wyniki niskie, to odsetek wyników niskich wśród dzieci starszych wzrósł do 57%. W obszarze rozwoju funkcji behawioralnych w młodszej grupie 45%, a w starszej 77% dzieci uzyskało wyniki świadczące o niskim poziomie opanowania umiejętności samoobsługowych i orientacji w otaczającym świecie. W sferze posiadanej wiedzy i umiejętności uczenia się 36% młodszych i 64% starszych dzieci z (C)APD wykazuje deficyt w tym obszarze. W czterech badanych sferach rozwoju psychoruchowego, tj. motoryce precyzyjnej, komunikacji i mowy, emocjonalno-społecznej oraz funkcji behawioralnych stwierdzono istotne statystycznie różnice między dziećmi z (C)APD z grupy młodszej i starszej.

Wnioski

Dzieci z APD wykazują trudności w wielu sferach funkcjonowania psychoruchowego. Należy regularnie monitorować ich rozwój w celu zapewnienia optymalnego wsparcia wielospecjalistycznego.
S1 Table. A general sample of the values of the specific activity of radionuclides in soil samples (Bq/kg), including values below MDA. v1
Authors: not provided Panitskiy
Published: October 2022

A general sample of the values of the specific activity of radionuclides in soil samples (Bq/kg), including values below MDA.
Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Elderly: Programs "Memory Clinic" and "Cognitive Stimulation Therapy"
Authors: Roschina I. , Kalantarova M. , Shvedovskaya A.A. , Hromov A.
Published: October 2022

The problem of preventing factors associated with the risks of cognitive decline and hindering active longevity in old age is becoming increasingly important. According to the United Nations in 2019, about 10% of the total population in the world is over the age of 65, and by 2050 this figure will already be 20%. The syndrome of mild cognitive decline is considered as a transitional state between normal physiological aging and dementia. The two modern approaches to the prevention of cognitive impairment during aging are presented. Methods for the prevention of cognitive impairments are proposed to be considered according to the level of organization of mental activity, to which they mainly appeal: based on the semantic level (training) and the level of personal meanings (stimulation programs). The experience of preventing cognitive decline in the elderly within the framework of the program of psychosocial therapy and neurocognitive rehabilitation at the “Memory Clinic” (Russia) and the “Cognitive Stimulation Therapy” (CST) program (Great Britain) is described.
Clinical and Neuropsychological Features of Subcortical Structures Cerebral Organization in the Development of Autism Spectrum Mental Disorders in Children
Authors: Gutkevich E. , Pustovaya A. , Shushpanova O. , Chelysheva L. , Simashkova N.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the peculiarities of the cerebral organization of subcortical structures in children with autism spectrum disorders. The study involved 48 children aged from 3 to 8 years (M=5.75; SD=2.61) having ICD-10 diagnoses F84.0, F84.1, F84.5. All children underwent registration of acoustic evoked brainstem potentials and neuropsychological examination. The relationship of the indicators of acoustic evoked potentials of the brain stem with the functioning of different blocks of the brain was established: the block of cortical tone and the brain energy block (Block I), the block of reception, processing and storage of exteroceptive information (Block II), the block of programming, regulation and control of the course of mental activity (Block III). For children with difficulties in activation and energy components of activity, perception of auditory information by subcortical structures of the brain causes certain difficulties (difficulties in work of the I block of the brain). Children with difficulties in right hemispheric holistic information processing strategy and a high level of its development are characterized by a reduced level of control over the course of thought activity, with difficulties in automating thinking and speech and difficulties in coordinating movements (difficulties in the work of Block II of the brain). The identified features of the cerebral organization of the processes of perception of auditory information and processes of mental activity in children with autism spectrum disorders are manifested in disorders of the course of thought activity, the function of peripheral receptors and conduction pathways to the cortical centers of the auditory analyzer, in a lowered level of control over the auditory analyzer. In connection with these processes there are difficulties with automatization of thinking and speech, coordination of movements in children.
Negative Events Related to School Functioning and Their Relationship with the Risk of Depression in Adolescents
Authors: Karaush I. , Kupriyanova I. , Dashieva B.
Published: October 2022

Negative experiences experienced by adolescents can cause the risk of developing mental health disorders, social maladaptation and academic problems. The aim of the study is to identify the risk of depression in adolescents in connection with experienced negative life events. The study involved 507 students of urban and rural secondary schools aged 12–17 years (median, quartiles 14 [14; 15]), 47.5% boys, 52.5% girls. The M. Kovacs Depression Scale (Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) and the Adolescent Mental Life Events Scale (ASLEC) were used. With adolescents who showed a high level of risk of depression on the CDI scale, an additional clinical interview was conducted. It is shown that adolescents perceive most of the negative events they have experienced as significant. A significant proportion of them account for life events related to school functioning, while no significant differences were found in the groups of boys and girls. It is suggested that the events experienced by students related to school functioning, in the absence of a statistically significant relationship with the risk of depression, may still increase the risk of depression in the presence of events in the life of adolescents related to family functioning (family conflicts, physical punishment in the family) and psychological factors (criticism or punishment). The data obtained concerning the frequency of experiencing negative life events related to the school sphere and noted by respondents as significant, make it necessary to work with teachers in the context of health-preserving psychological and pedagogical support.
Verification of the Psychometric Characteristics of the Nijmegen Questionnaire for the Diagnosis of Dysfunctional Breathing During the COVID-19 Pandemic on a Russian Sample
Authors: Pervichko E. , Mitina O. , Koniukhovskaia J. , Stepanova O.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study was to check the psychometric properties of the Nijmegen questionnaire (NQ) (Van Dixhoorn, Duivenvoorden, 1985), aimed at diagnosing the presence of signs of dysfunctional breathing (DВ) according to self–reports of respondents in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic in a Russian-speaking sample. The study sample consisted of 1 362 respondents (1 153 women and 209 men) aged 18 to 88 years (mean age 38.3±11.4) who filled out an online questionnaire from April to December 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The following methods were used to test the construct validity of the Russian version of the NQ: 1) Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10; Ababkov et al., 2016); 2) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI, Khanin, 1976), the scales of which were modified to measure the level of anxiety during a pandemic (State anxiety) and before the pandemic (Trait anxiety) (Pervichko et al., 2020); 3) The Symptom Check List-32 (SCL-32) (Mitina, Gorbunova, 2011); (4) An abridged version of the Six-Factor Personality Inventory HEXACO-24 (Egorova et al, 2019). The study participants also completed a socio-demographic questionnaire (Pervichko et al., 2020). The results of checking the Russian-language version of the NQ for reliability are presented: the value of the internal consistency coefficient α-Cronbach for the integral indicator = 0.877. Four subscales were identified, the indicators of which improved when the questionnaire was reduced to 10 points. Internal convergent and discriminant validity has been verified for the abridged version. The external constructive validity of the questionnaire is proved. High rates of correlation with stress, situational and personal anxiety, as well as other symptoms of psychological distress were revealed. In addition, a high correlation with emotionality has been established. The problem of the "threshold" value of NQ required to identify the formed symptom complex of DB is discussed. The prevalence of DB symptoms before and during the pandemic was compared. A significant difference in the indicators on the scale for men and women was established. Using the obtained Russian-language version of NQ, it was shown that in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, 27.7% of the study participants who were not sick with COVID-19 showed signs of a formed DB symptom complex, which is more than twice higher than the population indicators in the pre-pandemic period. The frequency of occurrence of the holistic symptom complex of DB in women is three times higher than in men: 31.0% vs 9.1% (p<0.001). The results of the study allow us to conclude that NQ is a reliable and valid tool for diagnosing the severity of DB symptoms, which can be recommended for use as an express diagnostic tool for the presence of psychogenically caused respiratory disorders in persons complaining of "difficulty breathing" in the absence of objective grounds.
Architecture for Fault Tolerance in Mobile Cloud Computing using Disease Resistance Approach
Authors: Dasari Naga Raju , V Saritha
Published: October 2022

The mobile cloud computing (MCC) is one of the emerging fields in the distributed computing. MCC is an integration of both mobile computing and cloud computing. The limitations of the mobile devices are storage, battery and processing proficiency.These sensitive characteristics of mobile devices can be effectively handled with the introduction of cloud computing. The increasing functionality of the cloud and complexity of the applications causes resource failures in the cloud computing and it reduces the overall performance of the MCC environment. On the other hand, the existing approaches for resource scheduling in MCC proposed several architectures and they are only concentrated on the allocation of resources. The existing architectures are lack of fault tolerance mechanism to handle the faulty resources. To overcome the issues stated above, this paper proposes architecture for fault tolerance in MCC using Disease Resistance approach (DRFT). The main aim of the DRFT approach is to effectively handle the faultyVMs in the MCC. This DRFT approach utilizes the human disease resistance mechanism which is used as materials and methods in the proposed model. The DRFT is capable of identifying the faulty virtual machines and reschedules the tasks to the identified suitable virtual machines. This procedure ultimately leads to minimization of makespan value and it improves the overall performance of the scheduling process. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a series of simulations has been carried out using CloudSim simulator. The performance of the proposed DRFT approach is compared with the Dynamic group based fault tolerance approach (DGFT-approach). The makespan value of DRFT is reduced to 7% and the performance of DRFT is increased when compare to the DGFT approach. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Recommendations Based QoS Trust Aggregation and Routing in Mobile Adhoc Networks
Authors: Sirisala NageswaraRao , C Shoba Bindu
Published: October 2022

In mobile adhoc netwotk (MANET), a node’s quality of service (QoS) trust represents how much it is reliable in quality. QoS trust of a node is computed based on its multiple quality parameters and it is an interesting and challenging area in MANETs. In this work, QoS trust is evaluated by taking into consideration quality parameters like node residual energy, bandwidth and mobility. The proposed method “Recommendations Based QoS Trust Aggregation and Routing in Mobile Adhoc Networks-QTAR” is a frame work. Where the trust is established through four phases like QoS trust computation, aggregation, propagation and routing. The Dempster Shafer Theory (DST) is used for aggregation of trust recommendations. In the network, trust information is propagated through HELLO packets. Each node stores the QoS trust information of other nodes in the form of trust matrices. We applied matrix algebra operations on trust matrices for route establishment from source to destination. The time and space complexity of proposed method is discussed theoretically. The simulation is conducted for the varying of node velocity and network size, where the proposed method shown considerable improvement over existing protocols.
An Improved Solar Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (IS-LEACH) Technique
Authors: Alrwashdeh Khalid M. Al-Smoul, Thamer , Al-Dahoud Ali A.
Published: October 2022

in the recent years, the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has grown dramatically in many fields such as military applications, environmental applications, and health assistant applications. However, there are numerous problems associated with applying the WSNs. Such problems are related to power consumption, performance, reliability, installation cost, and hardware cost. Thus, many algorithms in the WSNs context have been considered to propose an improved solar Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) technique for maximizing the lifetime, increasing the performance, increasing the reliability, and decreasing the costs. This proposed technique improves the selecting Cluster Heads (CHs) process and powering it with a renewable energy (solar cell). The OMNeT++ tool has been employed to simulate such technique. After many scenarios have taken place with different data sets, this study finds that the lifetime of WSNs has been maximized, the performance has been improved, the reliability has also been improved, and finally the cost has been decreased.
Energy efficient multipath routing protocol for MANET for enhancing QoS and QoE in multimedia applications
Authors: Devi Vallala Sowmya
Published: October 2022

In mobile ad hoc network (MANET) the devices are interconnected by wireless manner that are able to ubiquitously retrieve contents such as video and audio streams, still images, and scalar sensor data from the environment. MANET provides low power in hazardous environment where replacement of fault evaluation in the MANET is impossible. Hence, development of an energy efficient network is essential in MANET, where the cost of network depends on the energy consumption of each mobile node. Overutilization of energy by a mobile node cannot contribute to the utility or the network as a whole. Hence to optimize the utilization of energy at each node, we propose an energy efficient multipath routing protocol for MANET for enhancing QoS and QoE metrics (EMRP-QQ), which can eventually minimize the data loss and hence there liability of the mobile nodes and the overall network. In our proposed approach an energy efficient clustering is performed using particle swarm optimization (PSO), where all the nodes are clustered without any residual nodes left in the system. Using the appropriate selection of CH and SCH the overall networks overhead utilization is reduced and hence the QoS of the network is enhanced. The result obtained through NS-2 simulation shows that the proposed algorithm performs better than FQ-MP-OLSR approach in terms of reduced energy consumption of each node without affecting QoS and QoE metrics.
A New Method of User Association in Wireless Mesh Networks
Authors: Gurram Vijaya Kumar , Bindu C Shoba
Published: October 2022

The IEEE 802.11 based wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are becoming the promising technology to provide last-mile broadband Internet access to the users. In order to access the Internet through the pre-deployed WMN, the user has to associate with one of the access points (APs) present in the network. In WMN, it is very common that the user device can have multiple APs in its vicinity. Since the user performance majorly depends on the associated AP, how to select the best AP is always remaining as a challenging research problem in WMN. The traditional method of AP selection is based on received signal strength (RSS) and it is proven inefficient in the literature as the method does not consider AP load, channel conditions, etc. This paper proposes a new method of user association in WMN such that the user selects the AP based on achievable end-to-end throughput measured in the presence of other interfering APs. The proposed association metric is independent of routing protocol and routing metric used in WMN. The simulation results show that our method outperforms the RSS based AP selection method in WMN.
Impact of Environmental Influences on Multilevel Modulation Formats at the Signal Transmission in the Optical Transmission Medium
Authors: Roka Rastislav , Šalík Pavol
Published: October 2022

This paper is devoted to the analysis of environmental influences in the optical transmission medium and their impacts on multilevel modulation formats. An attention is focused on main features and characteristics of environmental negative influences of optical fibers. Consequently, principles for appropriate multilevel modulation formats are introduced together with block schemes representing their main functionalities. The created Simulink model for technologies and communications is verified for real conditions in the optical transmission medium. It can allow executing requested analysis for environmental influences on advanced multilevel modulation formats at the signal transmission. Finally, a comparison of considered multilevel modulations is introduced, using constellation diagrams, signal characteristics, eye diagrams and waterfall curves of individual signals.
Detection of illegal traffic pattern using Hybrid Improved CART and Multiple Extreme Learning Machine Approach
Authors: J Lekha , Ganapathi Padmavathi
Published: October 2022

In the proposed hybrid intrusion detection process, misuse detection and anomaly detection model is integrated to detect the attack in traffic pattern. In misuse detection model, the traffic pattern is classified into known attack and not known attack. Each extracted normal data set does not have known attack and it contains small amount of varied connection patterns than overall normal data set. Anomaly detection model classifies the not known attack as normal data set and unknown attack thus improving the performance of normal traffic behavior. Experiment is carried out using NSL –KDD dataset and performance of proposed approach is compared with traditional learning approaches in terms of training time, testing time, false positive ratio and detection ratio. The proposed method detects the known attacks and unknown attacks with ratio of 99.8 % and 52% respectively.
Intravenous lidocaine infusion in children
Authors: Felker Evgeny Y. , Fataliev Maxim S. , Kolosov Andrey O. , Ibragimov Rustam N. , Tantseva Tatiana V. , Ivanova Liliya V. , Gromov Petr V. , Zabolotsky Dmitry V. , Koryachkin Victor A.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: The problem of adequate analgesia in the early postoperative period is not relevant at present, both in our country and abroad because 50% of children experience pain after surgical interventions despite the ongoing therapy. Inadequate ideal method for assessing the pain syndrome severity, age restrictions with several drugs, and difficult communication with young children, as well as drug selection, lead to inadequate detection in pediatric practice.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intravenous infusion of lidocaine in the early postoperative period in children operated on the abdominal cavity organs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 119 children who were randomized into 3 groups, in which intravenous lidocaine infusion, prolonged epidural blockade, or systemic fentanyl analgesia were used for pain relief after abdominal surgery. Hemodynamic parameters, respiratory system, pain intensity, resolution time of intestinal paresis, cortisol, glucose and lidocaine levels in blood plasma, and complications were monitored and compared intergroup.
RESULTS: Lidocaine infusion had no effects on the hemodynamics and respiratory system in children. Cortisol level was markedly decreased through the day to baseline (32065 nmol/l). Early recovery of peristalsis corresponded to 233.75 h postoperatively. The pain syndrome intensity during the observation period did not exceed 2 points. The maximum level of free lidocaine in blood plasma was 2.811.31 g/ml, and the time spent in the intensive care unit (ICU) was 4810 h.
CONCLUSION: Intravenous infusion of lidocaine after abdominal surgery in children is a safe method that provides effective pain relief, restores peristalsis early, and reduces the length of ICU stay.
3D printing and medicine
Authors: Peleshok Stepan A. , Golovko Konstantin P.
Published: October 2022

In modern conditions, the possibilities of using 3D printing in medicine are expanding, and it occupies about 11% of the global additive manufacturing market. At the Kirov Military Medical Academy and the ERA Military Innovation Technopolis, 3D printing is used for training, preoperative planning, the creation of splints, the manufacture of non-invasive functional products, and the creation of COVID-19 prevention aids.
In order to determine the prospects for development, foreign experience in the use of 3D printing in medicine has been studied over the past 5 years.
It is established that a register of clinical data on 3D printing is being created for training, 3D models are being printed to simulate tissue resistance during surgery. With the help of preoperative planning, Siamese twins are separated, doctors are trained in surgical operations on 3D models of elastic resin feet, cardiological models are used to predict the risk of complications during transcatheter implantation of an artificial aortic valve, as well as rehearsals of operations with congenital heart anomalies. Individual implants are manufactured for the lumbar and cervical spine, replacement of the damaged area of the chest and rib, finger phalanges, hip and knee replacements. As auxiliary products, individual surgical instruments for operations with low trauma, orthopedic insoles, elastic stents for the urethra and mesh stents of the trachea are created. New materials made of polyamide (PA11), polyesteresterketone, titanium alloys, absorbable polymer and biocompatible resin are offered for 3D printing. There are new 3D printing software and updates of existing ones. Personalized braces and aligners are printed in dentistry. With the help of 3D printing, individual multi-layered polytablets, smart tablets that release medicinal substances on command from a smartphone, childrens chewing tablets are created. For research purposes, the following devices have been printed: simulating cardiac tissue with sensors to track the effects of drugs and toxins; predicting the individual response of the biopsy tumor material to treatment; diagnosing some infectious diseases using a smartphone and a silicon microfluidic chip.
The use of 3D printing in medicine individualizes and improves the quality of medical care.
ORTAÖĞRETİM ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN ACİL DURUM UZAKTAN ÖĞRETİMİNE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARI, DİJİTAL YETERLİLİKLERİ VE DENEYİMLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KIYMET Çağlar , ÇAKIR Recep
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı; ortaöğretimdeki öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumları ile dijital yeterliliklerini belirlemek, uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumları ile dijital yeterliliklerini arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek ve salgın sürecinde yürütülen derslerle ilgili görüşleri analiz ederek sürecin verimliliğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma, ölçekler ve görüşme formu kullanılarak karma yöntem araştırması ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın örneklemini Amasya ilinde farklı liselerdeki 263 öğretmen oluşturmuştur. Nicel veriler öğretmenlerden “Uzaktan Eğitime Karşı Tutum Ölçeği” ve “Eğitimciler İçin Dijital Yeterlilik Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime karşı tutumlarının orta düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür ve %64.26’sının yetkinlik durumu uzman ve bütünleştirici düzeyindedir. Öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime karşı tutumları ve dijital yeterlilikleri cinsiyete göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemektedir. Öğretmenlerin mesleki kıdeme göre uzaktan eğitime karşı tutumlarının anlamlı olmadığı, dijital yeterliliklerinin ise anlamlı olduğu görülmektedir. Öğretmenlerin öğrenim durumuna göre uzaktan eğitime karşı tutumları ve dijital yeterlilikleri anlamlı bir farklılık göstermektedir. Öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime karşı tutumları ile dijital yeterlilikleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki vardır ve bu ilişki pozitif yönlüdür. Dijital yeterlilikleri artan öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime karşı tutumları da artmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin dijital yeterlilikleri uzaktan eğitime karşı tutumlarını anlamlı bir şekilde yordamaktadır. 10 öğretmenle yapılan görüşme sonuçlarına göre uzaktan eğitimle yapılan dersler zamandan ve mekândan bağımsızlık sağlarken, sınıf yönetiminde zorluğa ve fırsat eşitsizliğine sebep olmaktadır. Yapılan analizlerin salgın sonrası eğitim-öğretim de yaşanabilecek değişikliklere ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.
BİLGİSAYAR DESTEKLİ İŞBİRLİKLİ ÖĞRENME ALANINDA GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN ARAŞTIRMALARDAKİ EĞİLİMLERİN İNCELENMESİ: BİR İÇERİK ANALİZİ ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: DÜZENLİ ÇİL Betül , YILMAZ Ramazan
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırmada bilgisayar destekli işbirlikli öğrenme konusu üzerine yayınlanmış makalelerin belirli kriterlere göre içerik analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda araştırmanın amacı bu alanda yayınlanmış makaleleri yıllara, ülkelere, tercih edilen yöntemlere, katılımcı düzeylerine, gruplardaki katılımcı sayılarına, araştırmanın uygulanmasında geçen süreye, araştırmanın bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenlerine, araştırmada kullanılan öğrenme ortamına ve araştırmanın yapıldığı disiplin alanına yönelik olarak incelemektir. Araştırmada içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Web of Science veri tabanında ‘CSCL’, ‘Computer Supported Collaborative Learning’, ‘Computer Support for Collaborative Learning’, ‘Computer Assisted Collaborative Learning’, ‘Web‐Based Collaborative Learning’, ‘Technology Supported Collaborative Learning’ anahtar kelimeleri ile arama yapılmış ve araştırmanın amacına uygun olan 148 makale araştırma kapsamında incelenmiştir. Araştırmada en fazla makalenin 2021 yılında yayınlandığı, araştırmacıların çalışmalarında nicel yöntemleri daha çok tercih ettiği, araştırmaların çoğunlukla lisans öğrencileri üzerinde gerçekleştirildiği, araştırmalarda bilgisayar destekli işbirlikli öğrenme gruplarının çoğunlukla 2-3 öğrenciden oluşturulduğu görülmüştür. Makalelerin en fazla Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Çin’de hazırlandığı, verilerin ortalama 3 ile 6 ay arasında toplandığı görülmüştür. Bilgisayar destekli işbirlikli öğrenme ortamı olarak en fazla Moodle öğrenme yönetim sistemi ve eklentilerinin kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Makalelerde akademik başarı ve performansın en çok araştırılan değişkenler olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmaların genel sonuçları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bilgisayar destekli işbirlikli öğrenmenin akademik başarı ve performansı, motivasyonu, grup farkındalığını, öğrenmeye karşı tutum ve algıyı olumlu yönde arttırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Plataforma código abierto para generar gemelos digitales
Authors: Sánchez García Alejandro , Estévez Estévez Elisabet , Ruano Ruano Ildefonso , Gómez Ortega Juan , Gámez García Javier
Published: October 2022

La globalización de los mercados y la exigencia cada vez mayor de los clientes ha hecho que la industria evolucione hacia lo que se conoce como industria 4.0. Las fábricas, conocidas como SmartFactories, tienen la posibilidad de tomar decisiones en tiempo real, teniendo para ello conocimiento de cómo se encuentran. Un concepto clave para conseguir dichos objetivos, son los Gemelos Digitales (DT). Un DT consiste en una representación virtual de la realidad a lo largo de las diferentes fases del ciclo de vida de un producto. Hoy en día existen en el mercado diferentes productos propietarios que combinan aplicaciones propietarias que rara vez pueden ser intercambiables o combinables. Además del coste de dichos productos se le añade la incompatibilidad de unos con otros por lo que se considera necesaria una plataforma abierta que permita la generación de Gemelos Digitales. Este trabajo, propone una plataforma de código abierto y las directrices para la generación de DT de estaciones que formarán parte de un proceso de producción.
Improving handgun detectors with human pose classification
Authors: Ruiz-Santaquiteria Jesus , Deniz Oscar , Vallez Noelia , Velasco-Mata Alberto , Bueno Gloria
Published: October 2022

Unfortunately, attacks with firearms such as handguns have become too common. CCTV surveillance systems can potentially help to prevent this kind of incidents, but require continuous human supervision, which is not feasible in practice. Image-based handgun detectors allow the automatic location of these weapons to send alerts to the security staff. Deep learning has been recently used for this purpose. However, the precision and sensitivity of these systems are not generally satisfactory, causing in most cases both false alarms and undetected handguns, particularly when the firearm is far from the camera. This paper proposes the use of information related to the pose of the subject to improve the performance of current handgun detectors. More concretely, a human full-body pose classifier has been developed which is capable of separating between shooting poses and other non-dangerous poses. The classified pose is then used to reduce both the number of false positives (FP) and false negatives (FN). The proposed method has been tested with several datasets and handgun detectors, showing an improvement under various metrics.
The Shading Effect on Photovoltaic Generator (GPV) Based on Reverse Osmosis (RO) Desalination System in Algeria
Authors: Boukahil Fatima Zohra , Charrouf Omar , Abdeddaim Sabrina , Betka Achour , Menadi Abdelkrim
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the performances analysis of PV-RO desalination system under uniform and non-uniform irradiance conditions. The main objective is the application of Extremum Seeking Control (ESC) to the GPV side in order to overcome the generated power and water quantity losses to improve the performance of the whole system. The technical design of the developed system is based on an existing RO desalination unit beside that real climatic data taken from a local mast are involved in this study. The modeling of the whole system and the control techniques adopted in this study are fully formulated. The whole system is modeled and controlled using MATLAB/Simulink. Different scenarios (healthy and shaded) based on real climatic data have been used to carry out the results. The ESC used shows its effectiveness to extract maximum power under shaded conditions for all the proposed scenarios. Compared with conventional controllers, this technique can offer extra power surrounding 685W in several cases. Furthermore, the shading conditions can affect widely freshwater production whose losses are estimated at around 82.91% for critical scenarios. The findings results are very significant for industrialists working in this field.
Environmental Education Based on Local Values: Its Integration in the Indonesian Elementary School Curriculum
Authors: Sarbaini  , Hernawan Asep Herry , Darmawan Deni , Ali Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Environmental Awareness is a necessity for all age groups, including elementary school students. Proper understanding of ecological issues requires earlier initiation and introduction of students to local-based content. This paper aims to describe the need to integrate the environmental problems based on local wisdom within the elementary school curriculum. The authors seek to guide education planners in Indonesia on how to incorporate environmental issues based on local values or local content in specific subject content for proper awareness creation among the elementary school students. The target is to address gaps in the teaching of environmental education in primary schools across the archipelago. Elementary school students are the future citizens, whose understanding of how the environment works from a localized perspective will help bring about better future environmental management. The study used a survey method, applying two clusters of random sampling techniques. It was conducted in selected elementary schools around Bandung, the capital city of the West Java Province, Indonesia. To collect data, structured questionnaires were used to examine. Later, data was analyzed using simple statistical methods, drawing inferences and descriptive analytics. Conclusively, this study established that specific environmental education themes based on local values and local content need to be included in the elementary school curriculum for more clarity and understanding of topics. The suggested thematic topics should comprise of issues related to overcoming environmental pollution; preventing global warming; wise use of the environment flora and fauna, and appropriate values needed for ecological conservation and sustainability.