bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mexico: Remittances, Organized Crime and US Drug Overdose Crisis in Borderlands (2015-2021)
Authors: Reyes Guzmán Gerardo , Escobar Acevedo Marco Antonio , Rostro Hernández Perla Esperanza
Published: November 2022

The present article aims at shedding some light to the question whether Mexico´s boom in remittances between 2015 and 2021 was the result of low rates of unemployment in the USA or of higher revenues of drug trafficking made by Mexican Criminal Groups. We found that Mexican migration to the USA took off up 2019 and accelerated with Covid-19 pandemic. Since higher rates of unemployment matched with larger number of remittances and a spike in drug overdose deaths in the USA, a hypothesis aroused stating that Mexican remittances could be related to drug trafficking revenues. An Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) found a normal negative correlation (not causation) between US-unemployment rate and remittances from 2015 to 2019 but an abnormal negative correlation from 2020 to 2021. We conclude that the record level in Mexican remittances between 2020 and 2021 could be the result of an increase in Mexican migration but also from a windfall in drug trafficking earnings mirrored in a spike of drug overdose deaths in the USA.
importancia de la persuasión política en los grupos de poder
Authors: Ayala Blanco Fernando
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo versa sobre la relevancia de la persuasión política en el ejercicio del poder, principalmente entre los distintos grupos de interés-presión y grupos de tensión. Para ello, primero se establece una reflexión en torno a la capacidad de la retórica como mecanismo de persuasión política; enseguida se presenta una propuesta conceptual de los grupos de poder, matizando a los grupos de interés-presión y a los grupos de tensión. Finalmente, se señala que el humor y la risa son formas mediante las cuales podemos ajustar cuentas con los excesos del poder.
Gobernanza laboral: viejos-nuevos paradigmas y modelos en las relaciones laborales
Authors: Chávez Becker Carlos , León Calderón Alma Patricia de
Published: November 2022

El artículo se enfoca en la explicación del concepto de gobernanza laboral como categoría analítica para el estudio contemporáneo de las relaciones laborales. El objetivo principal es mostrar por qué esta línea puede ser una útil y prometedora veta de investigación en la medida en que las grandes transformaciones globales en el mundo del trabajo han generado un nuevocontexto en donde interactúan dos grandes paradigmas y siete modelos diferentes de organización y timoneo de las relaciones laborales, orientados a la producción y al consumo. En el texto se concluye que más que limitarse recíprocamente, estos modelos pueden coexistir, lo que deriva en la construcción gradual de un escenario mucho más complejo en el mundo de lagobernanza laboral.
Resiliencia sistémica y actos de gobierno contra la violencia hacia las mujeres en Nezahualcóyotl
Authors: Hernández González César Augusto
Published: November 2022

El siguiente trabajo tiene por objetivo presentar elementos para entender algunos actos de gobierno realizados en el Municipio de Nezahualcóyotl, Estado de México (2010-2019) como benéficos en contra de la violencia hacia las mujeres; el enfoque deductivo y documental toma el referente teórico de resiliencia sistémica, considerando la pertinencia de sus categorías para ligar los factores de riesgo visibilizados desde ciertas reivindicaciones históricas feministas con los factores de protección expresados en algunas normativas mexicanas federales, estatales y municipales; su relación analizada en cuatro sistemas/ámbitos (familia, comunitario, salud, gobierno), sugiere ampliar las acciones a redes de intervención preventiva.
Conflict Concerning the Ethical and Aesthetic View of tò kalón in Xenophon’s Symposium
Authors: Chapa-Montes Paola Minerva
Published: November 2022

The Greek term “tò kalón” has a wide variety of connotations, among which the ethical and the aesthetic aspects stand out. Scholars debate whether there is a clear separation between those two aspects, whether one subsumes the other, or more broadly what their relation is.

In this paper, I propose that Xenophon’s Symposium is a good scenario to explore the intricacies between different aspects of tò kalón. Not because the dialogue offers any deep philosophical discussion about the nature of tò kalón, but because Xenophon presents this dialogue as an illustration of tò kalón.

I shall argue that, even though it is generally agreed that tò kalón (fineness, beauty) elicits praise and commendation, experiencing or appreciating it does not necessarily lead to being able to provide its definition, just as having a definition of it does not necessarily affect our appreciation of it.
Seminario permanente “Retórica, Literatura y Docencia” en la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Acatlán de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Authors: Hernández-Landa-Valencia Verónica
Published: November 2022

Seminario permanente “Retórica, Literatura y Docencia” sesiona quincenalmente –bajo la coordinación de la Dra. Verónica Hernández Landa Valencia– para reflexionar en torno a las posibilidades de aplicación de la retórica a la práctica docente, particularmente a la enseñanza de la literatura. Los miembros del mismo reflexionan sobre distintas estrategias para impactar en los estudiantes de educación media y media superior, para persuadirlos de que la literatura puede ser parte significativa de su vida, y de que su lectura y estudio pueden constituirse en una forma de conocimiento, sensibilidad o expresión que se relaciona con distintos aspectos de la existencia o de la comunicación humana.
didáctica híbrida en proyectos integradores de Diseño Gráfico
Authors: Gutiérrez-Guzmán Ana Fabiola
Published: November 2022

La implementación de proyectos integradores como parte del aprendizaje basado en casos reales y de las estrategias de aprendizaje de una didáctica híbrida, ha permitido que el estudiante de diseño gráfico trabaje, en equipos multidisciplinarios, en la creación de propuestas gráficas y de comunicación audiovisual que sirvan para diseñar campañas de difusión y acción social y colectivos de diseño socialmente responsables en vinculación con instituciones o empresas públicas y privadas. La didáctica híbrida ha estado presente en las fases del proceso de trabajo por proyectos, ya que requieren acopio de información, sistematización y uso de recursos específicos técnicos y tecnológicos, además de la generación de un ambiente de trabajo que permita la formación de equipos virtuales con los cuales se comparta la información y retroalimente el trabajo realizado. El objetivo es el desarrollo de habilidades y actitudes para el trabajo colaborativo y de competencias globales en el estudiante.
Célestin Freinet: sabiduría y tecnología como pedagogía
Authors: Torres-Barreto Arturo
Published: November 2022

En el presente trabajo se pone de relieve que en el pensamiento pedagógico de Célestin Freinet se plantean dos elementos centrales: la sabiduría, como finalidad postrema de la actividad educativa, y la “tecnología”, entendida como puente entre la reflexión pedagógica y la actividad en el espacio acondicionado intencionalmente para el aprendizaje. Se intenta, además, ahondar en el significado genealógico de los términos sabiduría y tecnología y examinar la forma como el autor francés, apoyado en ambos conceptos, desarrolló una pedagogía que trasciende la mera instrucción y se adentra en el campo plenamente educativo del individuo-en-comunidad. No obstante, su crítica certera al sistema escolar imperante en su tiempo se detuvo en los límites de la institucionalidad; es decir, pretendió reestructurar la escuela, no hacerla desaparecer, para dotarla de un sentido formativo humanista que es alternativo al que se impone en la modernidad occidental.
Aportaciones empíricas a un modelo teórico-práctico de prevención de anorexia y bulimia nerviosas basado en el nivel de riesgo/Empirical contributions a theoretical-practical model for prevention of anorexia y bulimia nervosas based on the risk level
Authors: León Hernández Rodrigo César , Del Angel García Julia Elena , Gómez Pérez-Mitré Gilda , Platas Acevedo Silvia , Guzmán Saldaña Rebeca
Published: November 2022

ResumenEn la actualidad existe evidencia suficiente de los efectos de los programas de prevención de Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria, evidencia que se ha documentado mediante trabajos de meta-análisis o revisiones sistematizadas. Particularmente en México, se han evaluado diferentes estrategias de prevención que aportan conocimiento valioso al tema. Por lo anterior, objetivo fue proponer un modelo de prevención de Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria basado en el nivel de riesgo, y sustentarlo mediante aportaciones empíricas. Dichas aportaciones permiten concluir que el modelo teórico-práctico representa una herramienta útil para implementar los programas de prevención, una vez identificado el nivel de riesgo e implementando la categoría adecuada (universal, selectiva e indicada) con el propósito de eliminar o disminuir los factores de riesgo o sintomatología asociada a imagen corporal y conductas alimentarias de riesgo. Así también, se puede disminuir el efecto iatrogénico asociado a estos programas. Finalmente se concluye que es la prevención selectiva la que presenta los mejores resultados.Palabras clave: factores de riesgo, prevención, trastornos alimentarios, modelo. Abstract Nowdays, there’s enough evidence of the effects of Eating Disorders Prevention Programs, evidence that has been documented through meta-analysis or systematic reviews. Particularly in Mexico, different prevention strategies that provide valuable knowledge to the subject has been evaluated. Therefore, the objective was it propose a model of eating disorders prevention based on the level of risk, sustain it through empirical contributions. These contributions, allows to conclude that the theorical-practical model represents a helpful tool to implement prevention programs, at once the leve lof risk is identified and implementing the appropiate category (selective,universal and indicated) with the purpose of eliminating or decrease the risk factors or symptomatology related with body image and risky eating behaviors. Also the iatrogenic effects associated with these programs can be reduced. Finally, it is concluded that is selective prevention that presents the best results.Keywords: risk factors, prevention, eating disorders, model.
Costumbres alimentarias en familia: obesidad y pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Delgado Jacobo Dolores Patricia
Published: November 2022

La enfermedad del COVID-19 en el mundo ha tenido efectos en toda la población, desde el cambio de hábitos cotidianos, de ritmo vigilia -dormir, hasta las relaciones sociales, económicas y laborales. Las estrategias adoptadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud fueron el confinamiento social (quedarse en casa) y el aislamiento de personas contagiadas por este coronavirus (SARSCoV-2). Los factores asociados con la obesidad son la alimentación, la tensión emocional y las costumbres y creencias de los alimentos como patrones aprendidos a través de las generaciones. El efecto sobre las condiciones de salud y su relación con las costumbres alimentarias en este periodo de pandemia se revisan en este trabajo los factores involucrados y la pandemia de COVID 19 en el contexto de las familias mexicanas, habitantes del Valle de México. Se realizó una revisión temática y bibliográfica que derivó a las categorías de análisis en los campos de la antropología, socio psicológico y nutricional. Este análisis de factores se ubicó en el contexto del confinamiento (trabajo, hogar, escuela) así como sus posibles consecuencias. Se muestran algunos instrumentos válidos y confiables, de los hábitos alimentarios.
Prevalence, risk factors, and main characteristics of bruises in cattle: A meta-analysis in the American continent
Authors: Sánchez Jaime N. , Félix-Leyva Briseyda J. , Velázquez Diana Z. , Rosiles José R. , Montero Arnulfo , Strappini Ana Carolina , Gallo Carmen , Robles-Estrada Juan Carlos , Portillo-Loera Jesus J. , Díaz Daniel , Dávila-Ramos Horacio
Published: November 2022

Bruises threaten the welfare of cattle because they cause pain, suffering, and stress during the pre-slaughter stage. Thus, we used meta-analyses to estimate the prevalence of carcass bruising in cattle from the American continent, determined the characteristics of the bruises, and calculated the odds ratio (OR) of risk factor categories associated with bruising. We searched electronic databases to retrieve primary studies conducted in the American continent, which reported cattle carcass bruising, analyzed the size, location, shape, and age of the bruises, and assessed risk factors for bruising. We included 46 studies from nine countries comprising 928 447 cattle carcasses with an overall prevalence of 59.5 % (95 % CI: 51.9 – 66-9) and 2.9 (range 3.4 – 7.4) bruises per carcass in average. The prevalence doubled from 30.7 % during 1991 – 2000 to 64.2 % during 2011 – 2020. Fresh, small-sized bruises of the lowest severity and located mainly in the hindquarter were highly prevalent (37.5 – 66.4 %). The removed meat due to bruising ranged 0.11 – 1.12 kg/carcass with an accumulated weight of condemned meat between 15.6 – 647 kg. Among intrinsic factors, older cattle, dairy cattle, and female cattle had greater odds of bruising (OR=1.57 – 1.98). For extrinsic factors, the odds for bruising increased 1.4 – 2.2 in cattle sourced from auction markets and exposed to poor handling, suboptimal transportation conditions, and deficient facilities. In cattle from America, bruises are a concern because their prevalence is growing and 60 % of cattle assessed in the studies suffered a bruise. Improving facilities and transportation conditions together with proper training of the personnel during the handling and transportation of the cattle will reduce bruising incidence.
Designing and Fabrication of Polymer Based Injection Molding Die Using 3D Printing
Authors: Singh Shivam , Yadav Sanjeev Kumar Singh
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to design and fabricate the injection molding die with help of designing software and fabricating it with the help fused deposition modelling based 3d printing machine. Emphasis on designing of the injection die is given on the size and shape of the specimen to be molded and on giving a proper shrinkage allowance to the injection molding die for getting the desired dimension of the specimen molded in the injection molding die. Draft analysis of the injection die was carried out on the designed injection die for easy separation of the specimen and the polymer based injection die. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer based filament is used in the fabrication of the injection die using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) working principle based 3d printer. The nozzle temperature requirement of the ABS based filament is 250 degree Celsius and the bed temperature required for printing ABS is around 90 degree Celsius which is recommended by the company which manufactures the used ABS based filament. The time consumption in manufacturing of the die is recorded and then compared to the time taken in manufacturing metal based die. This study concludes the optimum value of shrinkage allowance and proper draft analysis and time taken in the manufacturing of the die in the recommended parameters for the printing of the die.
SAÚDE MENTAL: transtornos em estudantes de engenharia
Authors: Lourenço Thayná de Souza , Oliveira Mariana Sarro Pereira de
Published: November 2022

Mental health represents a fundamental condition for the future of university students. However, studies have pointed to a large increase in mental disorders among Brazilian engineering students. From this theme, this article aimed to analyze the development of anxiety and depression disorders among engineering students in Brazil, reasons that cause the course to drop out and the role of the university psychologist. This article deals with an exploratory bibliographic review research. This type of research aims to enable greater connection with the problem, with a view to making it more understanding. For the bibliographic review of this article, scientific articles found in the databases were used as Google Scholar, Scielo, SCOPUS and PsycInfo, with timeline between 1997 and 2021 aided by the keywords: anxiety, mental health, university, engineering. For the choice of articles, titles, conclusions and abstracts were initially read in advance. Then, the selected articles were read completely in the first stage, analyzing the quality of the journal, the publication period and the conclusions obtained according to the objectives of this article. Finally, this study revealed aspects related to anxiety and depression disorders among engineering students in Brazil, such as the impacts caused on academic performance and quality of life. Therefore, educational institutions need to present strategies for coping with this reality.
CONTACT LENS MODIFICATIONS FOR BOSTON KERATOPROSTHESIS
Authors: Cherny Christina , Sherman Suzanne , Trief Danielle
Published: November 2022

Boston Keratoprosthesis Type 1 (KPro), an artificial cornea, is a therapeutic option for patients in need of corneal transplantation when the prognosis of traditional keratoplasty is guarded. Bandage contact lens wear is essential in the post-operative management of KPro eyes in order to maintain adequate corneal graft hydration, and minimize the risk of adverse complications. Suitable bandage contact lens selection is imperative to preserve keratoprosthesis function, and customized modifications of contact lens parameters may be necessary to ensure adequate fitting. The available contact lens options, modifications, and protocols for the continued care of Boston Keratoprosthesis are discussed. A simple, yet unreported modification for contact lenses fit over KPro eyes in the setting of ocular surface irregularities is proposed, which may hold clinical utility when fitting keratoprosthesis patients with scleral elevations and glaucoma filtrationdevices.
Enhancement of Lipid and Biomass Production in Microalgae Scenedesmus abundans by Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Kapavarap Bhanu Rajarajeswari , Kotikalapudi Sree Rama Chandra Karthik , Oruganti Krishna Keerthika , Bodiga Sreedhar , Bodiga Vijaya Lakshmi , Veeravilli Suryanarayana , Poda Sudhakar , Vemuri Praveen Kumar
Published: November 2022

Due to the rising depletion of fossil fuels and increased energy demands, human society is looking for clean sustainable energy. Commercially produced algal biodiesel is limited by the expense and difficulty of oil extraction and subsequent biodiesel conversion technologies. Microalgae with high oil content are only alternatives for decreasing fossil fuel supplies, but more work remains to be done to improve the lipid content of microalgae strains. In this study, strain improvement is done using microwave radiation in Scenedesmus abundans to increase the production of triacylglycerol, which is the main source of biodiesel. Microalgal cultures were exposed to varied microwave irradiation over different time periods. Under microwave irradiation, 20-25 mins reaction time seems suitable for the complete in situ transesterification reaction. Microwave heating transesterification has been shown to be more effective for adequate biodiesel yield compared to the conventional transesterification process. Maximum increase of 2.22-fold in biomass, and 2.5-fold in triacylglycerol was observed for microwave irradiation of 25 mins and 20 mins intervals respectively. The percentage of some monounsaturated fatty acids increased in gas chromatographic examination of neutral lipid fractions from total lipids of microwave irradiated samples, is considered as one of the preferable properties of biodiesel. According to our study findings, Scenedesmus abundans qualifies as the most efficient feedstock for biodiesel production, and microwave-assisted in situ transesterification reduces the requirement for a large amount of solvents, longer reaction times, and high reaction temperatures and pressures.
How has the new round of farmland certification in China affected farmers’ economic welfare?
Authors: Yang Dan , Wang Xiaoli , Tang Yu , Liu Zimin , Yu Xiaohua
Published: November 2022

It is vital to evaluate the effects of China’s farmland certification programme on farmers’ economic welfare and clarify the impact mechanism. This paper uses the China Labour Dynamics Survey (2014, 2016),1 building endogenous switching regression and endogenous switching probit models to test the impact of the farmland certification programme on farmers’ net agricultural income and poverty status after correcting for endogeneity. A robustness analysis is conducted applying instrumental variable and propensity score matching methods. The results indicate that the farmland certification programme can significantly increase farmer households’ economic welfare, including an 83.10% improvement in agricultural net income and a 3.17% reduction in poverty. Farmland certification also prompts farmers to allocate more resources to agriculture and reduces poverty by increasing farmers’ agricultural income. This study presents a constructive evaluation of the performance of China’s farmland certification policy, providing a strong theoretical and empirical foundation and a useful policy reference for consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively linking rural revitalisation.
Recently activated infant CD25 + Th2 cells differ based on lifestyle and are associated with atopy
Authors: Pizzarello Catherine R. , Seppo Antti , Rebhahn Jonathan , Berin Cecilia , Looney John , Mosmann Tim , Jarvinen Kirsi
Published: November 2022

Background: Little is known about the ontogeny of T cell
immunity during infancy in farming and urban lifestyle due to lack of
immunophenotyping in such birth cohorts. Methods: Our study
includes two birth cohorts (farming and urban) at differing risks and
rates of allergic diseases. In this study, blood mononuclear cells were
collected from infants at birth, and 6 and 12 months of age. We used
full spectrum flow cytometry followed by traditional gating and the
Scalable Weighted Iterative Flow-clustering Technique (SWIFT) high
dimensional analysis to identify cell populations that differed between
farming and urban infants. Additionally, we utilized RNAseq and Luminex
to assess the function of the cell population of interest.
Results: We identified several regulatory T cell (Treg)
subpopulations elevated in farming lifestyle as well as in non-atopic
infants. We also found a unique, recently activated effector memory CD25
CD127 CD161
CCR4 CRTH2 Th2 population that is
elevated at 6 months in urban infants as well as infants who developed
atopic dermatitis and/or food allergy and allergic sensitization.
Functional assays confirmed this population to be highly Th2-skewed, as
evidenced by an increase in Th2 cytokines and upregulation of pathways
linked to asthma and Th2 differentiation. Conclusion: We have
discovered Treg subpopulations associated with farming lifestyle and
protection against allergic disease. We also describe a unique, recently
activated effector memory Th2 population elevated in urban high-risk
infants that is similar to the pathogenic effector Th2A cells but is
CD25 and CD161 , potentially
representing pre-Th2A cells implicated in the development of allergic
disease.
PC MATRICES VIA GEOMETRIC CALCULUS: APPLICATION WITH CAYLEY FORMULA
Authors: YANIK EBRU , YAYLI YUSUF , Gök İsmail
Published: November 2022

The aim of this paper is to investigate relation between PC matrices and
G-orthogonal matrices. For this purpose, first of all, we define G-
orthogonal and G-skew-symmetric matrices according to geometric
calculus. Then, we give a relation between G-orthogonal matrices and PC
matrices using the useful diagram constructed by Cayley formula in real
mean. Finally we define G-Cayley formula according to G-calculus and we
verify our theory with some examples.
Associations between antibiotic exposure and psychiatric disorders: Evidence from human epidemiological studies
Authors: Mohanto Nayan Chandra , Saha Ratna
Published: November 2022

Psychiatric disorders especially depression and anxiety are
exponentially increasing in post-industrial society. Antibiotic exposure
may partly attributable to the development of such psychiatric disorders
reported in some animal studies. However, human epidemiological studies
are rare. This review study aimed to summarize and explore the
associations between antibiotic exposure and psychiatric disorders in
human, scrutinize the research gaps, and draw the contemplate of future
research. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases, and Google scholar
search engine were searched for relevant articles using the exposure
keywords “antibiotic exposure” and outcome keywords “psychiatric
disorder” and associated medical subheading terms (MeSH). Human
epidemiological studies were retrieved irrespective of age, race,
country and publications year up to April, 2022. Finally, a total of 15
articles that fulfill our inclusion criteria were selected and
summarized in the present review. This review summarized all types of
associations between antibiotic exposure and psychiatric disorders along
with effects of potent confounders. Most of the study found positive
association between antibiotic exposure and psychiatric disorder
especially with depression and anxiety even after adjustment with major
lifestyle and demographic factors. The associations might be depended on
gender, age, antibiotic types and type of bacterial infections. The
magnitude of these associations was higher for higher doses, more
frequent uses and recent uses of antibiotics. Our summarized evidences
indicate that antibiotic exposure might be associated with depression
and anxiety in human. However, nation-wide prospective cohort using
human biomonitoring of antibiotics is warranted to explore the overall
scenario in future.
Dopamine Agonists for the Treatment of Pituitary Tumors: From Ergot Extracts to Next Generation Therapies
Authors: Wexler Tamara , Page-Wilson Gabrielle
Published: November 2022

Abstract Dopamine agonists are a key tool in the therapeutic arsenal of
endocrinologists worldwide. They exert their effects by binding to
dopamine 2 (D2) receptors expressed by pituitary tumor cells, to
modulate hormonal secretion and tumor size. They are the established
first-line treatment for prolactinomas which express high levels of D2
receptors. Growing data supports their use as an adjuvant treatment
option for other pituitary tumors including growth hormone,
adrenocorticotrophic hormones, thyroid hormone secreting adenomas and
non-functional pituitary tumors, all of which have been shown to express
D2 receptors as well, albeit to varying extents. For those pituitary
tumors inadequately treated by dopamine agonist alone, combined agonism
of D2 and somatostatin receptors, represent a new frontier in clinical
development. Here we review the development and role of dopamine agonist
for the treatment of prolactinomas, the literature supporting their
adjuvant use for the treatment of all other pituitary tumors, and recent
progress in the development of the next generation of chimeric compounds
that target D2 and other receptor subtypes highly expressed on pituitary
tumor cells.
Pathological types affect survival outcomes in patients with surgically treated high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix: A multicenter, retrospective study
Authors: Li Jia , Lv Yan-Hong , He Yuanyuan , Ge Jun-Li , Yuan Peng , Wang Ming-Yi , Zhai Liang-Hao , Zou Wei , Jing Ru , Yang Hong , Chen bi liang
Published: November 2022

Objective: An evaluation of the prognostic factors of patients with
surgically treated high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix
(NECC). Design: A multi-center, retrospective analysis Setting and
Population: 58 cases Methods: 58 patients with stage IIA1-IIIC cervical
cancer who had high-grade NECC and were initially treated with surgery
between 2009 and 2022 was conducted. We divided them into two groups
based on pathology: the pure cohort (only one histological type) and the
mixed group (≥2 histological types). All clinicopathological
characteristics of patients were reviewed retrospectively using
electronic medical records. Main Outcome Measures: Survival outcomes of
NECC, clinicopathological characteristics and various related factors
were analysed. Results: The median overall survival (OS) was 32.5 months
(range: 4.1–60.9). The mixed pathology was a protective factor
impacting survival outcomes in NECC (HR,0.02; 95% CI,
0.00~0.45, P=0.014). In contrast, uterus invasion (HR,
24.5; 95%CI, 1.37~439.31, P=0.03) was a poor prognostic
factor affecting the survival outcomes in NECC. In addition, among all
postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy options, etoposide + platinum (EP)
showed better survival outcome (HR,0.04; 95% CI,
0.00~0.89, P=0.041). According to the Kaplan-Meier
survival curves, significant differences were observed with respect to
mixed pathology (P=0.044), uterus invasion (P＜0.0001), parametrium
invasion (P=0.025), surgical margin (P=0.035), and distant metastasis
(P＜0.0001). Conclusions: Patients with mixed pathological subtypes who
undergo surgery for NECC have a better prognosis. Meanwhile, uterus
invasion is a poor predictor of prognosis. In terms of postoperative
adjuvant chemotherapy, the EP regimen is superior to other regimens.
(The trial registration number: ChiCTR2200063023)
The major threats to biodiversity affects freshwater ecosystems across multiple ecological levels.
Authors: Rodrigues Tauany , Prado Helena , Farjalla Vinicius , Pires Aliny
Published: November 2022

Human-induced transformations lead to multiple threats to biodiversity
in freshwater ecosystems mainly related to climate change, biological
invasion, land use change, pollution, and overexploitation. These
threats operate through multiple mechanisms, which can be complementary
or compensatory. However, the effects of the major threats to
biodiversity across ecological scales are still unclear, as well as its
operating mechanisms. We performed a meta-analysis on their impacts on
freshwater ecosystems to assess their general and relative importance
across multiple ecological levels. We demonstrated that pollution was
consistently the most important threat to freshwater ecosystems change,
but the relative importance of each threat depended on the ecological
level. At the population level, nutrient loading driven by pollution and
climatic warming had higher relative importance, increasing metabolic
rates through a bottom-up effect. However, this effect did not propagate
to other ecological scales. Communities were more sensitive to the
impacts of biological invasion and land use change, both synergically
decreasing their diversity, evenness, and richness. At the ecosystem
level, both pollution and land use change impacts were more relevant to
eutrophication of freshwater ecosystems. We highlight the lack of
information on impacts from overexploitation and studies demonstrating
the combined effect among these major threats. We concluded that
freshwater ecosystems are prone to these threats by a set of pathways in
which their impacts are not equally widespread across the ecological
levels, affecting them in a multidirectional way. We reinforce the
importance of designing conservation strategies that allow counteracting
the impacts of biodiversity loss by multiple pathways and including such
multidirectionality to plan global actions to protect freshwater
ecosystems.
THE ANTICOAGULANT EFFECT OF IBUPROFEN AND INTERACTIONS
Authors: Flanagan Dennis
Published: November 2022

Ibuprofen (IBU) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). A
clinician wishing to avoid opioid pain control may consider a
combination of orally administered ibuprofen (IBU) and acetaminophen for
pain control. In dentistry, it is commonly recommended to take oral IBU
400-800mg and acetaminophen 325-1000 mg to control postoperative pain
following third molar extraction(s). This combination can avoid the use
of a narcotic prescription for pain control. However, many patients are
taking anticoagulants for a variety of medical conditions and are told
not to take IBU fearing an additive effect of IBU with the
anticoagulant. This mini-review paper addresses the anticoagulant
effects of IBU when administered as a single agent and the interactions
with orally administered anticoagulant, antiplatelet, or antithrombotic
agents.
Preparation of a nano-clay-based super absorbent polymer composite for water absorption applications
Authors: Memon Muddassir Ali , Akhtar M. Wasim , Shahbaz Raja , Gabol Nasir. M. , Baloch Moazam
Published: November 2022

Incorporation of naturally occurring fillers like clay and other mineral improves mechanical, chemical, and physical properties. Herein, we report for synthesized nano-clay based superabsorbent polymer by graft copolymerization of acrylic acid and acrylamide This study focusses the effects of filler (nano-clay), crosslinking agent and initiator concentration on the absorption of the copolymer. Six specimens with varying percentages i.e., 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40 wt. % were supplemented with nano-clay in the matrix of the polymer. Time based immersion was carried out in tap, de-ionized and brine for 2 to 24 h the superabsorbent polymer with 36 wt.% of nano-clay absorbed highest percentage i.e., up to 18 folds after submerging in tap water for 2 hours. Detrimental trend of absorption was observed in specimens with 38 and 40 wt. % that could be due to surge in formation of physical and chemical cross-linking networks in the polymer matrix. However, suspension of superabsorbent polymer composite in brine resulted in decreased absorbency. Such course was also observed for specimens containing 36 wt. % of nano-clay after submerging for 4, 6 and 24 hours. Thermal stability analysis also revealed that the polymer composite supplemented with 38 wt. % of nano-clay exhibited ameliorated stability to 350 ℃.
Persistence of β-cell responsiveness for over two years in autoantibody-positive children with marked metabolic impairment at screening
Authors: Sims Emily K. , Cuthbertson David , Felton Jamie L. , Ismail Heba M. , Nathan Brandon M. , Jacobsen Laura M. , Paprocki Emily , Pugliese Alberto , Palmer Jerry , Atkinson Mark , Evans-Molina Carmella , Skyler Jay S. , Redondo Maria J. , C. Herold Kevan , Sosenko Jay M.
Published: November 2022

  

Objective: We studied longitudinal differences between progressors and non-progressors to type 1 diabetes with similar and substantial baseline risk.

Research Design and Methods: Changes in two-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) indices were used to examine variability in diabetes progression among autoantibody (Ab)+ children (<18.0 years) with similar baseline metabolic impairment [DPT-1 risk score (DPTRS) of 6.5-7.5] in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1; n=246) and TrialNet Pathway to Prevention studies (TNPTP; n=503), as well as Ab- children in TNPTP (n=94). 

Results: Longitudinal analyses revealed annualized AUC C-peptide increases in non-progressors vs. decreases in progressors (p≤0.026 for DPT-1 and TNPTP). Vector indices for AUC glucose and AUC C-peptide changes (on a 2-dimensional grid) also differed significantly (p<0.001). Despite marked baseline metabolic impairment of non-progressors, changes in AUC C-peptide, AUC glucose, AUC C-peptide/AUC glucose, and Index60 did not differ from Ab- relatives during follow-up. Divergence between non-progressors and progressors occurred by 6 months from baseline in both cohorts [AUC glucose (p≤0.007); AUC ratio (p≤0.034); Index60 (p<0.001); vector indices of change (p<0.001)]. Differences in 6-month change were associated with greater diabetes risk (respectively, p<0.001, p≤0.019, p<0.001, p<0.001) in DPT-1 and TNPTP, except AUC ratio which was associated with less risk. 

Conclusions: Novel findings show that even with similarly abnormal baseline risk, progressors had appreciably more metabolic impairment than non-progressors within 6 months, and that the measures showing impairment were predictive of type 1 diabetes. Longitudinal metabolic patterns did not differ between non-progressors and Ab- relatives, suggesting persistent β-cell responsiveness in non-progressors.
Listening by ‘Staying With’ the Absent Child
Authors: Orrmalm Alex , Annerbäck Johanna , Sparrman Anna
Published: November 2022

This article explores what it means to listen to children by moving beyond the notion of voice and staying with the absences of children. In this way, we include the possibly lost, forgotten or unapproachable children in child and childhood research. Our methodological starting point is to listen by ‘staying with’ the absences of children’s verbal voices and physical bodies in two photographs. These photographs depict material artefacts connected to children in vulnerable situations: shrouds for wrapping stillborn babies’ bodies, and children’s shoes as an emblem of children living in hiding from domestic violence. The idea is to explore how we can listen to children whose verbal or embodied encounters we cannot or do not wish to display. Our aim is to listen to these absences and discuss how they influence and possibly reshape the practices of listening, as well as notions of the child and childhood.
Amyloidosis: An Act of Deception in the Liver
Authors: S Al Diffalha
Published: November 2022

We report a case of end-stage liver disease initially attributed to acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) in a 59 YO African American female. She presented encephalopathic with stable vital signs. Her laboratory tests were as follows: bilirubin: 24.3 mg/dL, INR 2, Creatinine 4.2 mg/dL, MELD of 40 with rapidly declining renal function. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) was negative. Her serologic work-up was unrevealing. She was deemed to have decompensated cryptogenic cirrhosis for which she received simultaneous liver & kidney transplantation. Her explanted liver revealed extensive amyloidosis, AL Amyloid kappa type. Urine electrophoresis showed a monoclonal free kappa light chain. Bone marrow biopsy and flow cytometry were negative for plasma cell dyscrasia. Further work up suggested no systemic involvement. We present this rare case of primary hepatic amyloidosis and discuss the importance of this diagnostic consideration in patients with otherwise unclear etiology of liver disease.
Racial Differences for Gender, Age and BMI and the Presence of Adenomas in Screening and Surveillance Colonoscopies
Authors: P Naylor
Published: November 2022

Introduction: This study evaluated the correlation of the presence of polyps and adenomas with respect to age, gender, and BMI in the context of AA as compared to Non-AA patients in the setting of colonoscopy screening and surveillance. Methods: A retrospective medical chart review was conducted on 1095 screening or surveillance colonoscopy patients in 2017 to determine whether the colonoscopies were completed and if a polyp was removed successfully and sent for pathological examination. Results: There were 376 patients with at least one adenoma and 635 with no adenoma detected (376/1011=37%) with the majority undergoing screening by academic gastroenterologists. Age (OR 2.4) and gender (OR 1.95) were primary risk factors in screening whereas age (OR 5.6) and race (OR 4.07) dominated surveillance. Non-AA patients had an increase in adenoma risk with an increase in BMI (OR 6.58) while AA patients had the opposite result (OR 0.32). AA patients undergoing surveillance were also more likely to have a polyp be an adenoma (78%) than Non-AA patients (37%). Conclusion: The fact that BMI in AA as compared to Non-AA patients was not associated with the risk of adenomas was an unexpected observation. The fact that if a polyp was found on surveillance in AA patients, it was more likely to be an adenoma than in Non-AA patients may suggest an increased emphasis on the importance of repeat colonoscopy after detection of an adenoma in AA patients at shorter intervals.
The Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Markers to Predict Adverse Clinical Course of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: AE Iskandarov
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim: Prognosis of complications is important in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). The aim was to determine the severity of AP based on changes of inflammatory markers (IM). Material and Methods: WBC, immature granulocytes (IG), neutrophil-lymphocytes ratio (NLR) and the C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared in 243 patients with moderately severe pancreatitis (MSP) and in 59 patients with acute severe pancreatitis (ASP). Results: WBC count was significantly more in ASP compare to MSP group (15.4±2.3×109/l. vs. 12.7±1.2×109/l.). IG percentage was high in ASP group; however, lymphocytes count was lower in ASP. NLR during early 48 hours decreased in MSP; but significantly increased in ASP group. The “cut off” for NLR was determined as 10.5. 3-weeks survival in patients with NLI<10.5 was 95.9%. In patients with NLI>10.5 the survival was 79.2% and mortality raised up to 21.8%. IG in MSP group was 0.39±0.21% and 1.7±0.51% in ASP.CRP on admission was not differ between groups, but increased in ASP in 2nd day and was significantly higher compare to MSP. Conclusion: NLR can predict the survival on admission, but CRP only 2nd day achieve the predictive value. Rational evaluating of IM during early 2 days can predict the further clinical course of AP.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Revealed by Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors: Y Lemfadli
Published: November 2022

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare tumors of the digestive tract. The small intestine is the second most frequent localization of GIST after the stomach. We report a case of ileal stromal tumor. The patient was admitted with a picture of hemorrhagic shock due to massive rectal bleeding. The fibroscopy performed after stabilization was not objectified at the origin of the document while the CT scan objectified a mass of tissue density at the level of the right iliac fossa. Given the increasing evolution with the recurrence of patients to a target of a laparotomy for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes objectifying the tumor of the right iliac fossa at the expense of the ileum. The surgical procedure consisted of a major segmental resection of the tumor with ileo-ileal anastomosis. The anatomopathological study confirmed the diagnosis of stromal tumor with good evolution. Through a general review of the literature, we have described the various clinical, para-clinical, anatomopathological, prognostic and current therapeutic aspects specific to these tumors.
Covid-19 Infection and Gastrointestinal System
Authors: D Kirkik
Published: November 2022

A pneumonia outbreak of unknown etiology and pathology spread to the whole world in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and this outbreak is called as COVID-19. COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and it can cause various clinical pictures such as respiratory, enteric, hepatic, nephrotic, and neurological involvement in humans and animals. This outbreak has caused the death of millions of people. Vaccination studies have continued today, and vaccination of all humanity may take a long time. The best prophylactic approach to reduce the severity of such viral diseases is to enhance human host immunity. We will summarize effects of COVID-19 infection on the gastrointestinal system and we will remark the importance of probiotics in this manuscript.
Capsaicin as a Cancer Chemopreventer- The Two Sides of the Same Coin
Authors: M Djaldetti
Published: November 2022

The pungent component of the chili pepper known as capsaicin is popular both as a spice and as a carcinopreventer. In vitro experiments and studies with animal models suggest that capsaicin may inhibit gastrointestinal, pancreatic, hepatic and other sorts of cancer development through a number of different pathways. Additionally, capsaicin may improve the therapeutic potential of traditional anti-cancer medications when taken with them. However, several reports have raised concerns that capsaicin may have a dual impact on cancer cells that promotes both cell proliferation and metastatic abilities. The purpose of this review is to examine the contradicting information regarding capsaicin’s ability to prevent cancer.
Penerapan Metode Eksperimen untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas VI SD
Authors: Khalida Baiq Rohmi , Astawan I Gede
Published: November 2022

Pembelajaran IPA masih cenderung dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah sehingga berdampak pada rendahnya hasil belajar siswa. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA melalui Metode Eksperimen. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus penelitian. Subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini yakni 20 orang siswa kelas VI SD. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode tes dengan instrumen tes hasil belajar berupa soal pilihan ganda untuk mengukur hasil belajar siswa dan observasi dengan instrumen berupa lembar observasi untuk mengukur aktivitas siswa pada proses pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I, siklus II, berturut-turut  adalah 74,6 dan 78,75 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 65% dan 90%. Presentase peningkatan hasil belajar siswa secara klasikal dari siklus I sampai siklus II adalah 25%. Sehingga berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran ICARE untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Siswa Kelas IVB SD
Authors: Arianti Ni Nyoman Sri , Astawan I Gede , Krisnaningsih Made
Published: November 2022

Rendahnya hasil belajar IPS siswa disebabkan oleh kurangnya motivasi siswa selama belajar daring di rumah, model pembelajaran yang kurang inovatif dan kurangnya keaktifan dalam proses pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS siswa dengan penerapan model pembelajaran ICARE. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam tigas siklus penelitian. Tiap-tiap siklus terdiri atas empat tahapan yakni tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dab refleksi. Subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD yang berjumlah 27 orang, yang terdiri dari 16 siswa laki-laki dan 11 siswa perempuan. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode tes, dengan instrumen berupa tes objektif yang berjumlah 15 soal. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 22,23%, dan dari siklus II ke siklus III sebesar 7,4%. Sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran ICARE dapat meningkatkan perolehan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS.