bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement report: Evaluation of the TOF-ACSM-CV for PM1.0 and PM2.5 measurements during the RITA-2021 field campaign
Authors: Liu Xinya , Henzing Bas , Hensen Arjan , Mulder Jan , Yao Peng , van Dinther Danielle , van Bronckhorst Jerry , Huang Rujin , Dusek Ulrike
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The recently developed time of flight-aerosol chemical speciation monitor with the capture vaporizer and a PM2.5 aerodynamic lens (TOF-ACSM-CV-PM2.5) aims to improve the collection efficiency and chemical characterization of aerosol particles with a diameter smaller than 2.5 µm. In this study, comprehensive cross-comparisons were performed between real-time online measurements and offline filter analysis with 24-hour collection time. The goal was to evaluate the capabilities of the TOF-ACSM-CV-PM2.5 lens, as well as the accuracy of the TOF-ACSM-CV-PM2.5. The experiments were conducted at Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research (CESAR) during the RITA-2021 campaign. The non-refractory fine particulate matter PM1.0 and PM2.5 were measured by two co-located TOF-ACSM-CV-PM2.5 by placing them behind a PM2.5 and PM1.0 inlet, respectively. A comparison between the ACSMs and PM2.5 and PM1.0 filter samples showed a much better accuracy than ±30 % less given in the previous reports, with average differences less than ± 10 % for all inorganic chemical species. In addition, the ACSMs were compared to a Monitoring Instrument for Aerosol and Gas (MARGA) (slope between 0.78–0.97 for inorganic compounds, R2 ≥ 0.93), and a Mobility Particle Size Spectrometer (MPSS) measuring the particle size distribution from around 10 to 800 nm (slope was around 1.00, R2 = 0.91). The intercomparison of the online measurements and the comparison between the online and offline measurements indicated a low bias (< 10 % for inorganic compounds) and demonstrated the high accuracy and stability of the TOF-ACSM-CV-PM2.5 lens for the atmospheric observations of particle matters. The two ACSMs exhibited an excellent agreement, with differences less than 7 %, which allowed a quantitative estimate of PM1.0 vs PM2.5 chemical composition. The result showed that the PM1.0 accounted for about 70–80 % of the PM2.5 on average. The NO3 mass fraction increased but the OC mass fraction decreased from PM1.0 to PM2.5, indicating the size-dependence on chemical composition.
‘The Tool of Our Trade’: Defining and Teaching Empathy in College Programs
Authors: Stibbards Adam
Published: June 2023

Empathy is a fundamental skill in developing trusting, respectful relationships, which is a required capacity for many college program graduates upon entering the Canadian workforce. However, little is known about how faculty define, value, and teach students to develop and effectively utilize empathy. A grounded methodological approach shaped the gathering of curriculum and interview data to assess relevant faculty understandings and teaching approaches. Faculty generally shared an understanding of empathy as ‘putting yourself in another person’s shoes’, while also valuing attention to emotions and a perspective-taking orientation. All faculty saw empathy as central to their students’ future success in the field, and to the well-being of Canadian society as a whole. A variety of teaching approaches were noted, with an emphasis on experiential methods. Faculty members expressed universal interest in further collaboration with peers.
Developing an Undergraduate Career Conference: Leveraging Mentorship to Promote Career Discovery
Authors: Norris Meghan E. , Herrewynen Megan R. V.
Published: June 2023

Are students ready for jobs when it comes time to graduation? This is a common question, and one that is often addressed in the media (e.g., Collie, 2019). Despite psychology being one of the most popular degree plans for undergraduate students (e.g., Higher Education Research Institute, 2008), many students in undergraduate psychology programs fail to see the relevance and value of their degree (Borden and Rajecki, 2000). In this work, we designed, delivered, and assessed a career conference for students in psychology. Intentionally different from a career fair where students seek jobs, this event applied a mentorship-based conference model. In this conference model, in addition to professional development training, industry mentors who work in professional fields related to psychology were invited to provide personal insight on their careers in a small-group format. Critical to this model, students were encouraged and able to ask questions that may not be appropriate for a job fair where hiring is happening. Further, this career model involved intentional connections with our Career Services office, allowing for programmatic delivery of career-based content within the domain-specific event. We provide early empirical evidence that this method of career development supports students in learning about career paths that psychology can lead to, identifying skills that will assist them in finding a career, feeling confident in their ability to network effectively, and feeling more connected with professionals in careers related to psychology. We suggest that this model may be beneficial across disciplines.
The Relationship between Professors’ Motivation and Interpersonal Behaviour Styles in the Classroom, and Course Evaluations
Authors: Rocchi Meredith , Lennox-Terrion Jenepher
Published: June 2023

Professors create a positive learning environment for students through their interpersonal behaviour style in the classroom. High quality interpersonal interactions are associated with a number of positive student outcomes such as increased motivation, effort, learning, satisfaction, and higher ratings on formal student evaluations of teaching (SETs). This study tested a Self-Determination Theory model in a university setting by measuring the association between professors’ reported psychological need satisfaction, teaching motivation, and self-reported supportive interpersonal behaviour styles, exploring how these variables related to SETs. Overall, we found support for the model; all relationships were significant and in the expected direction except that reported autonomy and competence supportive behaviours did not relate to SETs. From this, we can conclude that relatedness support is important to the student experience and that professors who engage in relatedness supportive interpersonal behaviours are also positively evaluated by their students.
EDUKASI MENGENAI PENYAKIT JANTUNG KORONER KEPADA PASIEN DI PUSKESMAS KELURAHAN SUNTER AGUNG I
Authors: Ramatillah Diana Laila , Aurelia Aurelia , Panjaitan Eu Nike , Lubis Vivi Putri T N , Rahman Iqra , Puspitasari Ice Jeni , Mahayanti Desak Kadek
Published: June 2023

Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) merupakan suatu penyakit dimana jantung tidak mampu untuk memompa darah secara efektif ke seluruh tubuh dalam memenuhi perfusi darah ke organ. PJK merupakan penyakit yang berbahaya bagi masyarakat dimana berpengaruh erat pada kehidupan dan kebiasaan buruk masyarakat, mulai dari kebiasaan hidup yang tidak sehat ditambah lagi dengan pola makan yang tidak sehat. Dalam pencegahan PJK dengan melakukan diet sehat, olahraga, aktivitas fisik, penurunan berat badan, tidak merokok, dan melakukan pengendalian hipertensi, serta melaksanakan terapi non farmakologi dalam tatalaksana PJK. Penyuluhan Kesehatan ini dilakukan dengan pemaparan materi secara langsung menggunakan power point dengan melibatkan sebanyak 30 audiens pasien Puskesmas Sunter Agung 1. Keberhasilan dalam kegiatan ini dinilai berdasarkan nilai pre-test dan post-test dengan total masing-masing sebanyak 10 pertanyaan dalam menghitung tingkat pemahaman pasien sebelum dan sesudah dilaksanakannya pemaparan materi. Hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan peningkatan rata-rata presentase jawaban pertanyaan yang benar yaitu 43,23% saat pre-test menjadi 81,33% saat post-test.  Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan kegiatan penyuluhan yang sudah dilakukan mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai penyakit jantung koroner, dimana memberikan dampak positif bagi masyarakat ditunjukkan berdasarkan peningkatan presentasi jumlah pertanyaan benar.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN ECO-ENZYME SEBAGAI USAHA PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK PADA LEVEL RUMAH TANGGA KEPADA MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN SUNTER AGUNG
Authors: Wijayanto Hendra , Pangestu Angella Rosha , Prasetyo Sisman
Published: June 2023

Eco enzyme adalah salah satu teknologi pengolahan sampah organik yang potensial di masa depan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan pengolahan sampah organik menjadi eco enzyme bagi masyarakat khususnya warga masyarakat di Kelurahan Sunter Agung, Kecamatan Tanjung Priok. Kegiatan dimulai dengan sosialisasi teknologi dan pemanfaatan eco enzyme melalui ceramah dan diskusi interaktif, dilanjutkan dengan demonstrasi cara pembuatan eco enzyme oleh praktisi dan aplikasi teknologi oleh peserta. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap proses yang meliputi kehadiran, semangat/antusiasme, dan respon/tanggapan peserta terhadap kegiatan pelatihan, serta terhadap produk eco enzyme yang dihasilkan oleh peserta. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan kegiatan pelatihan telah mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengolah sampah organik menjadi eco enzyme. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan respon, semangat, penerimaan, kehadiran dan partisipasi masyarakat khususnya para remaja karang taruna dalam kegiatan pelatihan sangat baik. Produk eco enzyme yang dihasilkan oleh peserta telah memenuhi beberapa indikator, yaitu warna kecoklatan, bau khas buah dengan sedikit aroma alkohol, pH asam (3-4), dan tidak ditumbuhi jamur atau belatung.
SOSIALISASI PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN MENGENAI CLIMATE CHANGE MELALUI SHARING SESSIONS DI KALANGAN REMAJA DALAM PEMBAHASAN KASUS KEBAKARAN HUTAN DI RIAU
Authors: Khoirunnisa Khoirunnisa
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, security issues have increased rapidly, not only regarding traditional security in the context of territorial security and military power of a country, but have expanded to non-traditional security issues. One example of a non-traditional security issue is the threat of haze pollution. Students as human beings with high intellectual and social control It is expected to contribute to society. This means that in this case, the role of students as social controllers is very important, and they are expected to contribute to the wider community in various aspects. Therefore, to realize this, the International Relations Student Association of the University of August 17, 1945, Jakarta took the initiative to hold community service activities by conducting socialization with students of SMAN 110 Jakarta through Sharing Sessions on Climate Change. This service activity is aimed at students of SMAN 110 Jakarta and aims to increase knowledge about climate change, especially the effects of forest fires, through case studies of forest fires that occurred in Riau and make it happen in everyday life.
Sağlık Kurumlarında Kriz Yönetimi: Bir Kamu Hastanesi Örneği
Authors: ALAY Hazal Koray , METİN Nilgün
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı; sağlık kurumlarında aktif rol alan (başhekim, başhekim yardımcıları, müdür, müdür yardımcıları, başhemşire, başhemşire yardımcıları, sorumlu hemşireler ve diğer idari personel gibi) sağlık sektörü yöneticilerinin kriz yönetimine ilişkin bakış açılarını ortaya konulmasıdır. Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışmada kriz yönetimi ölçeği aracılığıyla veriler toplanmış ve verilerin geçerlilik ve güvenilirlikleri testleri SPSS 2.0 istatistik programı aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmaya 120 adet veri dahil edilmiştir. Kriz Yönetim Ölçeği puan ortalamalarına ait verilerin normallik testleri sonuçları ve eğiklik-basıklık değerleri incelendiğinde normallik varsayımı sağlanmadığı gözlenmiş ve non-parametrik analizler uygulanmıştır. Toplam puan ortalamalarının iki kategorili bir değişkene göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının belirlenmesinde Mann Whitney U Testi, ikiden fazla kategorili bir değişkene göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının belirlenmesinde ise Kruskal Wallis Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, Kriz yönetimi alt boyutlarına ( erken uyarı sistemi, hazırlık ve önleme, kriz anı, hasarın yayılmasını önleme, onarma ve toplarlanma, öğrenme) yönelik algı kriz yönetimi eğitimlerine katılma durumu/sayısı, kriz durumu yaşama, yaş, eğitim durumu, yönetici pozisyonunda çalışma süresi gibi değişkenlere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermektedir. Elde edilen bu bulguların, sağlık kurumlarındaki yöneticilerin kriz öncesi, kriz anı ve kriz sonrası süreçlere yönelik farkındalık oluşturması açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
A Pre experimental Study to assess the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on knowledge regarding awareness of COVID-19’ among BSc nursing Ist year students at Bee Enn College of Nursing Chak Bhalwal, Jammu
Authors: Jeba Prabu. D Israel , Anbumani. W Janet
Published: June 2023

A pre experimental study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on knowledge regarding awareness of COVID-19 among B sc. Nursing Istyr student at Bee Enn college of Nursing, ChakBhalwal, Jammu. Objectives: The objectives of the study are 1. To assess the pre-test level of knowledge regarding awareness of COVID-19 among BSc. Nursing students. 2. To assess the post-test level of knowledge regarding awareness of COVID-19 among BSc. Nursing students. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching program on knowledge regarding awareness of COVID-19 among BSc nursing students. 4. To find out the association between post test knowledge of BSc nursing students with the selected demographic variables. Methodology: A quantitative approach, pre experimental research design was used in this study. The sample was selected by purposive sampling technique sample size was 50. The instrument used for data collection was a self structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge regarding COVID-19 among BSc. Nursing Istyrstudents ChakBhalwal Jammu. The tool was validating by expert from various field. Pilot study was conducted and the reliability of the tool was checked. The tool was found to be reliable, so the main study was conducted in Bee Enn College of nursing, Chak Bhalwal Jammu. The data was collected by using self structured questionnaire. Results: In pre-test, we collected, we concluded that (78%) had inadequate knowledge (14%) students have moderate knowledge, and (8%) students have adequate knowledge regarding COVID-19. A planned teaching programme on COVID-19 was administered to the college students and was evaluated. Collected data was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by using descripted and inferential statistics. The study revealed that (38%) students have moderate knowledge, (62%) students have adequate knowledge and no one have inadequate knowledge regarding COVID-19. The “t” test value was (15.12) which show that the knowledge of the students was increased after giving planned teaching programme. Conclusion: The Result of the study conclude that planned teaching programme plays a vital role in increasing the knowledge level among college students COVID-19.
Assess the quality of life among postmenopausal women
Authors: P B Krishnapriya , Ann Shalet , C D Sneha , P S Sneha , Anna Saji Sona , P R Sona , Francis Steffi , Anna Sony Stephy , Joy Justy , Vincent Reena , Gnanadurai Angela
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Menopause is a physiological event in the women’s life. The transition through menopause is a life event that can profoundly affect quality of life. The objectives of the study were to assess the quality of life among postmenopausal women and to associate quality of life among postmenopausal women with selected socio-demographic and clinical data variables. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted among 30 postmenopausal women. Sample was selected using non probability convenience sampling technique. Standardized Menopause Specific Quality Of Life Questionare (MENQOL) was used to assess the quality of life of postmenopausal women. Results: In socio demographic findings, more than half 17 (56.66%) were 56-60 years old and half of the 15(50%) were Hindus. While 21(70%) belonged to nuclear family, 18(60%) had primary education and 27(90%) were married. 21(70%) were house wives and 18(60%) of them had income less than Rs: 5000 and 29 (96.66%) were living in rural areas. The study reveals that 17(56.66%) women had good quality of life, 12(40%) of them had average quality of life and only 1(3.33%) sample had poor quality of life. In component wise analysis of postmenopausal symptoms In, vasomotor symptoms 11(36.66%) were being dissatisfied with their personal life, in psychosocial symptoms 12(40%) of them had night sweats. In physical symptoms10(33.33%) had severe aching in muscles and Joints, 12(40%) had moderate lack of energy, 18 (60%) had no weight gain.12(40%) had moderate dry skin. In sexual symptoms 12(40%) of them had change in their sexual desire There was a significant association (p<0.05) between socio-demographic data variables such as type of family with quality of life among postmenopausal women. Conclusion: The postmenopausal women suffer from vasomotor, psychosocial, physical and sexual symptoms. The study concluded that, the postmenopausal women belonged in nuclear family maintained good quality of life than that of women in joint family.
Knowledge regarding play needs among Mothers of under Five Children in a selected Hospital, Ernakulam District, Kerala
Authors: Jose Jeena , V. Kumar Anu
Published: June 2023

AIM: The study aims to assess the knowledge regarding play needs among mothers of under five children in a selected hospital, Ernakulam, Kerala. Objectives: The main objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge regarding play needs among mothers of under five children and to find out the association between the level of knowledge regarding play needs among mothers of under five children with selected socio-demographic variables. Methods: The present study adopted a non -experimental descriptive research design. For collecting the data, a structured questionnaire was prepared after discussing with experts and reviewing research and non-research materials. Mothers of under five children were the population of the study and the setting of the study was Govt. Taluk hospital, Palluruthy, Ernakulam. The sample size was 60 mothers which are selected by non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data was collected by demographic performa and 28 questions to assess knowledge. Result: After analysis of data, it was found that 11% of mothers have very poor knowledge, 17% of mothers have poor knowledge, the majority (62%) of mothers have average knowledge and the remaining 10 % of mothers have good knowledge. The association between knowledge and place of residence is significant with a p < 0.05.
Online behaviour, life stressors and profit-motivated cybercrime victimisation
Authors: Voce Isabella , Morgan Anthony
Published: June 2023

This study analyses data from a survey of Australian adult computer users conducted in June 2021 to examine the influence of online routine activities and life stressors on the likelihood of profit-motivated cybercrime victimisation. Compared with non-victims, victims spent more time online, more frequently engaged in recreational online activities and were more likely to employ higher-risk online practices. Small-to-medium enterprise owners working from home were more likely to be victims. Respondents who had experienced recent increases in financial stress and gambling and negative impacts on interpersonal relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic were also more likely to be a victim of cybercrime. Being accessible online and a lack of personal and physical guardianship are associated with an increased risk of being a victim, but other factors may influence the susceptibility of computer users to cybercrime victimisation. This has important implications for cybercrime responses.
40 años de transformación de la economía y del tejido empresarial
de la Comunitat Valenciana
Authors: Navarro Salvador
Published: June 2023

En estos cuarenta años desde la aprobación del Estatut d’Autonomia, no sólo se han
transformado la sociedad y la economía de la Comunitat, sino que los cambios han
sido una constante en el contexto internacional, lo que ha tenido su impacto en una
economía tan internacionalizada como la valenciana. Así, nuestro tejido empresarial
ha ido adaptándose a las nuevas reglas de juego, principalmente gracias a esa
vocación internacional y a su carácter emprendedor. Y aunque ahora somos una
economía más fuerte y mejor preparada que la de los años ochenta, quedan
asignaturas pendientes a las que hay que dar respuesta para mejorar nuestra
competitividad: la infrafinanciación, la innovación y la sostenibilidad.
Optimization of hot air drying technology for bamboo shoots by response surface methodology
Authors: CAI Qingfeng , LI Zichun , GENG Wenguang , LIU Fang , YUAN Dongling , SUN Rongfeng , JIA Binguang
Published: June 2023

The drying characteristics of bamboo shoot slices were experimentally studied in a hot air drying system. The individual and combined influence of air temperature, velocity, and slice thickness on the drying process was analyzed. The chromatic aberration and rehydration ratio were used as response indicators, and a 17-group experimental optimization of the drying process was carried out using a response surface methodology. According to the optimization analysis, a hot air temperature of 60.4 °C, an air velocity of 0.4 m/s, and a slice thickness of 0.2 cm were the optimal conditions for hot air drying of bamboo shoots. The predicted rehydration ratio and chromatic aberration of the dried bamboo shoot slices were 10.46 and 12.03, respectively. A validation experiment was conducted under optimum conditions to confirm the applicability of the models.
The Effect of Workforce Diversity Management on Organizational Performance: The Case of Four Universities in Ethiopia
Authors: Shanko Mihretu , Lemi Kenenisa , Amentie Chalchissa
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study was to explore the degree of association between workforce diversity dimensions and academic performance of four universities in Ethiopia. The diversity management attributes assessed were diversity Climate, values and organizational justice; and identity, schemas and communication with adaptation to the contexts of the higher education institutions in Ethiopia. The Full account of these diversity management dimensions is presented in detail in the methodology section of this paper. The sample universities were selected purposively, and stratified and systematic sampling techniques were further used to identify respondents. The number of respondents that took part in the study was 386. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected to test the various study hypotheses. Descriptive statistics and simple correlation analyses were used to analyze the data. The demographic features of the staff working in the four case study universities was found to be diverse with regard to gender, marital status, age and religion. The agreement level of the staff with regard to the prevalence of diversity management dimension in their university was found to above the ideal average. The mean values of the Likert scale response ranged from 3.72 (with standard deviation of 0.98) for ‘organizational justice’ to 4.12 (with standard deviation of 0.74) for diversity management dimension designated as ‘values.’ Results from Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there are statistically significant positive correlations between the dimensions of workforce diversity and organizational performance. This implies that organizational performance of higher education institutions can be significantly and positively influenced by extant diversity. The practical implication of this is that attention needs to be given to the fair distribution of resources to the teaching staff working in these universities in the future. The freedom to express one’s own identity in the university workforce landscape was also observed to be limited in the universities studied and this has to be also improved. A democratic work environment is critical for the productivity of the staff to be enhanced and an effort has to be towards the goal of creating such an environment. The relationship between diversity management attributes (diversity climate, organizational justice, identity, values, schemas and communication) and overall academic performance was also determined, and the result indicated that there is statistically significant (P<0.00) positive correlations between workforce diversity and academic performance.
Lifetime of Corn Seeds in Long-Term Storage in the National Genetic Bank of Albania
Authors: Hobdari Valbona , Hoxha Enkela , Jani Sokrat , Elezi Fetah
Published: June 2023

Genetic banks manage seed collections for the conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. AGB implements standards for genebank management recommending a temperature of -18 ± 3°C for long-term storage of the base collection and 5-10°C for medium-term storage of the active collection.The germination energy of the 12 maize accessions taken in the study has relatively low initial values. The values of germination energy, even after 20 years of seed storage, do not deviate much from the initial data (from 2000) and from those from 2010 (10 years of seed storage). The germination data for the three years of testing are somewhat small in the initial testing. The average capacity germination for all 12 accessions under study in the 2010 test is 4.2% lower than the initial test (year 2000), so there is a decrease in capacity germination. Whereas in the testing of 2020, i.e. after storing the seed for 20 years in the genetic bank, there was a decrease in capacity germination on average of 2.9%; that is, there was less decrease in capacity germination in the second 10 years of storage compared to the first 10 years. The reduction in germination is not to the same degree between accessions. Four pairs of correlations were found, three between energy germination indicators and one among capacity germination. The correlation coefficients are positive and related to the age of the seed.
Appraisal and Comparative Analysis of the Privatized Nigerian Electricity Sector: Pre and Post Reforms Experience
Authors: Adebanji Bankole , Adeleye Samson , Fasina Taiwo
Published: June 2023

The Nigeria’s electric power sector has undergone several policy reforms to address the myriads of issues and challenges confronting the sector for several years. The reforms were implemented in order to establish a highly competitive market to improve management performance and efficiency, increase generation, and attract private investors and enhancing reliable and cost-reflective power supply system. It is noticeable however, that there seems to be no significant improvement in the sector, even after the privatization process. This work assessed and compared the performance of the electric power sector in the pre and post-reforms eras, reviewed its implications and impacts on the living standard of the people. It also identified and discussed some critical issues and challenges confronting the sector, and made useful recommendations in ensuring, a reliable and effective electric power supply system. The study used both quantitative and qualitative descriptive, survey design approach. Relevant data were collected from both primary and secondary sources and field survey mechanism. The research instrument used was a self-designed questionnaire titled “Questionnaire on Appraisal and Comparative Analysis of the Privatized Nigerian Electricity Sector (QACAPNES)” to elicit information from the sample that served as data for the study). Three experts validated the instrument. The four research questions raised were descriptively answered. The data were collected and analyzed descriptively (using weighted mean and standard deviation. The internal consistency of the questionnaire items was ascertained through the split-half method, and the responses were subjected to correlation analysis at a 0.05 significance level, yielding a coefficient of 0.81, a value high enough for the instrument to be considered reliable. For the research questions, a mean mark of 3.5 and above was recorded as "True", and a mean mark below 3.5 was assumed as "False". The result of the analysis showed that no significant improvement has been made that is totally different from the pre-privatization era except the successful unbundling of defunct Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) into generation, transmission and distribution companies. The study recommended full implementation of a cost-reflective tariff system, diversification of energy generation sources and a holistic review of the privatization policies for optimum performance.
RADİKAL MEDYA VE MÜZİK BAĞLAMINDA TÜRKİYE’DE RAP: SAİAN SAKULTA SALKIM’IN RAP ANLAYIŞI VE ŞARKILARI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ŞAHİNKAYA ERMİŞ Aslı
Published: June 2023

Popüler kültür ve medya ilişkisi, iletişimin kuramsal tarihinden bu yana süregiden bir tartışma ve araştırma konusu olmuştur. Söz konusu alternatif radikal medya olduğunda ise, bu konu daha tartışmalı bir hal almaktadır. Yalnızca basılı yayınlar, radyo, televizyon değil; sokak sanatı, tiyatro, dans, müzik gibi, muhalif bir söylemi yayabilme ve baskıya karşı direnebilme aracı olarak kullanılabilen bütün alanlar radikal medya olarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmayla, müziğin bir radikal medya aracı olarak nasıl ve hangi koşullarda kullanılabileceğini bir örnek üzerinden göstermek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın başlangıcında popüler kültür ve radikal medya ilişkisi ele alınmış, sonrasında müzik bir radikal medya aracı olarak kavramsallaştırılmış ve rap müzik kısa tarihçesiyle beraber konuya eklemlenmiştir. Kuramsal alt yapının ardından Türkiye’deki mevcut rap sanatçılarından olan Saian Sakulta Salkım’ın şarkı sözleri bu eksende çözümlenmiş ve Güney Erkurt’la yapılan röportajdan yararlanılarak değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Sain’ın müziği özelinde protest nitelikler taşımasına rağmen popülerleşmenin mümkün olduğunu, bunun da içeriğin niteliğini düşürmediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
الألفاظ الدالة على السقوط في القرآن الكريم دراسة لغوية بلاغية
Authors: الأسمري مسفر بن محمد
Published: June 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى حصر واستقصاء الألفاظ الدالة على السقوط، الواردة في القرآن الكريم ودراستها دراسة لغوية بلاغية، من خلال إيجاد الفروق الدلالية بينها، وإيضاح البلاغة القرآنية المتمثلة في اختيار اللفظ المناسب للدلالة على المعنى المراد التعبير عنه بدقة بالغة، وتم تقسيمه إلى مبحثين، تسبقهما مقدمة وتمهيد، وتعقبهما خاتمة. تناول التمهيد اعتناء علماء اللغة بالفروق الدلالية بين الألفاظ المترادفة، وأهمية الفروق اللغوية في التحليل البلاغي، وكذا بلاغة القرآن الكريم، ودقته في اختيار الألفاظ المناسبة للمعاني المرادة. وجاء المبحث الأول بعنوان: الألفاظ الدالة على السقوط بمعناه العام. والمبحث الثاني بعنوان: الألفاظ الدالة على السقوط بمعناه الخاص. وتوصل البحث إلى نتائج منها: أن بين ألفاظ السقوط علاقة عموم وخصوص، تمثلت العلاقة العامة في دلالتها كلها على  السقوط من علو إلى سفل، وتفترق في كون كل لفظة لها دلالات خاصة لا يشاركها فيها غيرها، ومن هنا تجلت بلاغة النظم القرآني في استعمال كل لفظة في سياقها المناسب. استُعملت تلك الألفاظ كلها في القرآن بمعنى السقوط والوقوع، ولكن بعضها استُعمل على وجه الحقيقة مثل سقط، ونزل، وهبط، وبعضها استعمل مجازا مثل: زلّ، وسقط من خشية الله، وغير ذلك.
التَّمْثِيل بما لم تتكلم به العرب في كتاب سيبويه جمعًا ودراسة
Authors: الزبيدي حسن بن كُرَيْدِم بن محمد
Published: June 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى جمع الأمثلة التي مثل بها سيبويه في بعض أبواب الكتاب لإيضاح بعض القواعد النحوية، ونصَّ سيبويه على أنها تمثيل لم تتكلم به العرب، ودراستها، وبيان مراد سيبويه بعدم تكلُّم العرب بها؛ ولتحقيق أهداف هذه الدراسة حصرتُ هذه الأمثلة التي مثَّل بها سيبويه، ونسبتُها إلى الأبواب التي أوردها فيها، وشرحتُ التمثيل، ودرستُ المسألة التي ساق التمثيل لبيانها، وبيَّنْتُ سبب عدم تكلم العرب بها على الصورة التي ذكرها، فخلصت إلى عدد من النتائج، منها: أن السبب في وضع هذه الأمثلة هو تقريب القاعدة وإيضاحها للمتعلم، ومنها أن عدم نطق العرب بهذه الأمثلة قد يكون لمانع نحوي، وقد يكون المانع خروج المثال عن بابه مع عدم وجود مانع لغوي من النطق به، وقد يكون غير ذلك مما توصلت إليه الدراسة.
التوجيه النحوي للقراءات القرآنية في سورة (يس)
Authors: فجَّال عبد الله بن محمود
Published: June 2023

يدرس هذا البحث التوجيه النحوي للقراءات القرآنية في سورة يس، وقد جمع الباحث مادته من كتب القراءات القرآنية، وكتب التفسير، وكتب النحو والمعاجم اللغوية وغيرها. وجاء البحث في مقدمة، ومبحثين، الأول: تحدثت فيه عن القراءات القرآنية، والثاني: تحدثت فيه عن التوجيه النحوي للقراءات القرآنية في سورة (يس)، وخاتمة: ذكرت فيها أهم النتائج التي توصل لها البحث. وقد توصل البحث إلى أن القراءات تمثل ثروة لغوية كبيرة وهي مصدر كبير للاحتجاج اللغوي في تقعيد القواعد وتأصيل المسائل والاهتمام بدراستها بعد المصدر الأول وهو القرآن الكريم، وكذلك ناقش الباحث التوجيه النحوي للقراءات القرآنية في سورة يس في ثمانية عشر موضعًا، كانت بعض هذه القراءات متواترة، وبعضها الأخرى شاذة.
الاعتراف بالحب في الشعر العربي القديم دراسة ثقافية
Authors: الشهري غرمان بن محمد بن عبد الله
Published: June 2023

تقوم هذه الدراسة بوصف ظاهرة الاعتراف بالحب في الشعر العربي القديم، ودراستها دراسة ثقافية تتجلى في الكشف عن دور الشعر في التعبير عن خفايا النفس، ومن ثم دراسة ذلك الخطاب الاعترافي دراسة تكشف كثيرًا من الدلالات الثقافية التي تتصل بأنساق فكرية ظاهرة ومضمرة في المجتمع العربي القديم في مراحله المختلفة، وتتمثل إشكالية هذه الدراسة في بيان مواطن الاعتراف في الشعر العربي القديم حتى نهاية العصر العباسي، ومن ثم دراسة هذا الشعر دراسة ثقافية تكشف عن طريقها الأنساق الثقافية التي انطوى عليها شعر الاعتراف في سياقاته المحيطة به. وهي -من ثم- تحاول رصد آثار الثقافة السائدة في ملامح الخطاب الشعري الذي يتكون من مصدر ذاتي يتمثل في تصورات الشاعر، ومصدر آخر هو الثقافة الاجتماعية التي يستمد منها الشاعر خطابه؛ إذ هو واحد ممن يعيشونها ويؤثرون فيها، ويتأثرون بها.
البناء في المجموعة القصصية "سيارة فارغة وراكب وحيد" لعبد الجواد خفاجي
Authors: مرزوق ياسر أحمد حامد
Published: June 2023

هدف هذا البحث إلى الكشف تحديدًا عن البناء السردي في المجموعة القصصية للقاص عبد الجواد خفاجي المعنونة بـ"سيارة فارغة وراكب وحيد"، ثم تحليلها وفق المنهج البنيوي. وجاء هيكل البحث في مقدمة تناول فيها الباحث نبذة عن الموضوع، وإشكالية البحث، وأهدافه، وأهميته، ومنهجه، وخطته، والتعريف الموجز بالمجموعة القصصية. ثم مبحثين الأول كان بعنوان: عناصر البناء السردي في المجموعة القصصية: الحدث، والشخصيات، والزمان، والمكان. وجاء المبحث الثاني بعنوان: الأساليب والتقنيات الفنية في المجموعة القصصية: السرد، السيناريو، اللغة والحوار. وقد كشف البحث في هذه المجموعة عن البناء السردي من حيث الأدوات والتقنيات الفنية الجديدة التي مثّلت نوعًا من التحديث والتجريب تجاوزت به القص التقليدي في إطار لغة أدبية شاعرية، وسهلة بعيدة عن التعقيد أو الغموض، في سلاسة وانسياب. وكان من الملاحظ تركيز القاص على القضايا الإنسانية والاجتماعية خصوصًا قضايا المهمّشين والكادحين من أبناء الصعيد والريف المصري.
Situación macrofinanciera de Turquía
Authors: Sánchez Paula , Melgar Alejandro , del Río Pedro
Published: June 2023

Motivación

Turquía se identifica anualmente como un país material para el sistema bancario español y para el del área del euro. Además, mantiene con ambos importantes flujos comerciales y financieros. Por ello, es relevante hacer un seguimiento de la evolución macrofinanciera del país y de sus principales vulnerabilidades.

Ideas principales

•La economía turca ha seguido registrando tasas de inflación muy elevadas, aunque decrecientes, desde finales de 2022, y la actividad económica se ha desacelerado. Todo ello en un contexto de cuantiosas necesidades de financiación exterior, endeudamiento en moneda extranjera y reducidas reservas internacionales.

•La política fiscal mantuvo sus cuentas saneadas en 2022, pero se prevé un fuerte deterioro en 2023. En política monetaria, el banco central de Turquía recortó de nuevo el tipo de interés oficial en febrero, situando el tipo de interés real en el –31,1 % en mayo.

•El sistema bancario permanece saneado, aunque algunos indicadores han empeorado. Además, para controlar el crecimiento del crédito y promover un mayor uso de la lira en el sistema financiero, se han mantenido y reforzado las medidas macroprudenciales y regulatorias introducidas en 2021-2022.
The energy dependency of the EU and Spain
Authors: Balteanu Irina , Viani Francesca
Published: June 2023

Rationale

In recent decades, the European Union and Spain have become increasingly dependent on energy imports from third countries. Given how important these products are in production chains, this dependency could represent a source of vulnerability for the European economies.

Takeaways

•The energy products imported from third countries that are most vulnerable to international trade disruptions notably include natural gas, uranium, anthracite, oil and coal, all of which are in short supply within the European Union (EU), hard to substitute and, in general, concentrated in a few suppliers.

•The main EU countries differ in terms of the extent of their external dependency, the energy suppliers they use and the vulnerability of their exposures. Spain is more reliant on third countries, although its imports are more diversified across different suppliers.

•The patterns of the EU’s external energy dependency have been altered by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, owing to the substantial reduction in European imports of energy products from Russia, which is no longer the region’s main energy supplier.
Antimicrobial activity of a new entomopathogenic bacteria Acinetobacter
Authors: Deepa I. , Mohandas C.
Published: June 2023

The entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are a nematode-bacterium complex. The symbiotic nematode-bacterial mutualism is highly specific. Novel EPN belonging to the family rhabditidae were reported for the first time from the Central Tuber Crops Research Institute. These new EPNs belonging to the Rhabditis sp. and their symbionts offer great scope for their exploitation of bio separation and identification of novel bioactive molecules. The present work is mainly focused on the antimicrobial activity of a new entomopathogenic bacteria Acinetobacter. The bacteria were isolated from infective third stage dauer juveniles of the nematode isolate collected from Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram. The incubation time of the bacteria was standardized and cell free culture filtrate was prepared. The cell free culture filtrate was then separated into an organic and aqueous fraction. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the organic fraction were tested. The organic fraction of 72 hr have highest antibacterial activity against B.subtilis with a zone diameter of 20 mm and lowest antibacterial activity with a zone diameter of 13 mm against P. aeruginosa and antifungal activity (29 mm zone diameter) in case of A. flavus and lower in case of F. oxysporum (18 mm zone diameter). Antimycotic and antibacterial activity was not observed in 24 hr organic fraction. From the study, it can be concluded that the organic fraction has significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. The present study also reveals that this entomopathogenic bacteria will be useful for the production of bioactive metabolites effective against bacterial and fungal diseases of plants and animals.
Chemistry and biological activities of 2-azetidinone derivatives – A mini-review
Authors: Alam Md. Tauquir , . Abida , Asif Mohammad .
Published: June 2023

2-Azetidinone skeleton is well established as the pharmacophore of β-lactam antibiotics. β-lactam antibiotics are the most widely employed class of antibiotics. The structural diversity of biologically active β-lactam antibiotics led to the development of many novel methods for the construction of appropriately substituted azetidine with attendant control of functional group and stereochemistry. Azetidine derivatives are reported to show a variety of antimicrobial, antitubercular, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular activities. These activities showed that the minor change in the substitution pattern activities of azetidine derivatives have enhanced dramatically.
Inhibition of human neuroblastoma cells through ROS-activation by naringin
Authors: Arthi A. , Lobo Vijay , Vidhyavathi R. , Raj E. Mohan , Ramu Arun Kumar
Published: June 2023

Current remedial options for recurrent neuroblastoma have poor outcomes that warrant the development of novel restorative methodologies. Naringin (4',5,7-trihydroxy-flavanone-7-rhamnoglucoside), a naturally occurring flavonoid present in various Indian medicinal spices, has been shown anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. In this paper, naringin was used to evaluate its anti-proliferative impact on human SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cell lines. Cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) test, respectively. It was found that naringin induced 100% cancer cell inhibition at 120 μM, hence, 30, 45 and 60 μM doses were chosen for anticancer examinations. Significant apoptosis was recorded at 60 μM dose of naringin which was found associated with the generation of ROS. Overall, the investigation indicated that naringin induces apoptosis in SK-N-MC cells to produce ROS in a mitochondria-dependent and independent manner. In conclusion, at high doses, naringin adequately inhibits the growth of solid neuroblastoma tumour and has high bioavailability, particular toxicity and a high margin of security, making it a possible candidate for a potential clinical treatment of neuroblastoma.
Snake venom – From a deadly poison to a life-saving remedy
Authors: Goswami Dilip K.
Published: June 2023

Snake is considered and proved to be the most potently poisonous reptile. It is evidenced that venom of some snakes can cause the death of an individual immediately, even without giving time to utter a word. In modern toxicology, extensive study is being continued on snake venom to know it properly with special reference to its composition, property, mode of action, agents that can neutralize its effect and many secrets are invented by till now. In Indian mythology, there are many stories about snakes. Indians imagine a goddess as the mother of the snakes and the snakes are mentioned to have immense power and strength even to hold the earth. Several snakes like Basuki and Takshaka are mentioned as divine snakes and their anger is said to be of destructive power. Ayurveda, the well-accepted ancient health science, has also discussed the snake venom in detail and many interesting facts about it are also mentioned in the classics. Classification of snakes, the character of each of them, their behaviour, the effect of bite, preventive measures of snakebite, diagnosis, mode of action of snake venom, treatment etc. are the beauty of the Ayurvedic classics. Interestingly, Ayurvedic classics describe the use of snake venom for the treatment of some critical diseases which can be considered as a unique concept. A discussion on the use of snake venom as medicine is considered to be important and beneficial. It is expected that the information provided in this article will be able to inspire the researchers to explore new things in the field of not only toxicology but also medical care of some serious and incurable diseases.
NMPB-Sponsored National Conference on Recent Advances in Ayurvedic Herbal Medicine - From Source to Manufacturing Organised by Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun on 15-16 September 2017 at CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Balakrishnan Padmapriya
Published: June 2023

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Uttarakhand: A hotspot of biodiversity
Authors: Sandhu Kajal . , Bisht Neema . , Nailwal Tapan Kumar
Published: June 2023

There are 34 biodiversity hotspots in the world, which include Indian Himalayan Region (Samant et al., 1998). Uttarakhand, a state crossed by the Himalayas is enriched with diverse flora and fauna. Ever since times of Ramayana, it is considered as a great reservoir of rare and endangered species that have the power to heal various diseases. There are 30 rivers that have either originated or cross Uttarakhand. The local flora include plants like Urtica parviflora, Premna barbata, Oroxylum indicum, Meizotropis pellita and Prunella vulgaris, etc. These plants have potential to treat a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from a common disease like headache to deadly disease like cancer, but unfortunately, there are many more to be explored for their use in the betterment of medicine and healthcare. Here, in this editorial, Oroxylum indicum: A wonderful gift of nature Oroxylum indicum commonly known as Shyonaka belongs to family Bignoniaceae and is of great economic and medicinal importance. Family Bignoniaceae has about 112 genera and 725 species of trees and shrubs (Joshi et al., 2013). This plant is one of the ten herbs used in dashmularishta, an ayurvedi medicine for females useful in recuperation from post-delivery weakness. It contains a number of secondary metabolites like flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc. Bioactive flavonoids such as chrysin, baicalein and oroxylin-A isolated from different parts of this plant can be used as analgesic, antitussive, antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective and suppressive agent (Chen et al., 2002). some plants on which the work has been done in my lab are discussed. The short description of these plants is given below.
The relationship between breakfast behaviour and Body Mass Index (BMI) – a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Dharmarathna A. B. , Perera K. C.
Published: June 2023

Breakfast is a meal eaten in the morning and at the first of the day. Failure to eat a well-balanced diet in the morning has been documented to have a deleterious impact on the health such as nutritional disorders, non-communicable diseases and failure to cognitive performance. Ayurveda texts mentioned that consuming food in the morning enhance memory power, life span, energy, complexion, and lustre. The objective of the present study was to study the relationship between breakfast and BMI values. Fifty cases of male and female, between 20 and 60 years were randomly selected from OPD in Ayurveda Teaching Hospital, Borella, Sri Lanka. The relationship between breakfasts with BMI was evaluated. Socio-demographic characteristics such as age, gender, religion, ethnicity, occupation, monthly income, residential area and education were gathered through a questionnaire. BMI was measured and that was compared with information related to breakfast as a morning drink, type of food consumption, skipping breakfast, veg food habits and time having breakfast. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, version 17.0. Mean age of the study population was 42 years in which 58% were females. According to BMI values, 6% underweight, 42% normal weight and 52% were overweight respectively. When comparing breakfast habits with BMI categories, there was no significant relationship with milk as a morning drink, rice and curry as a morning diet, vegetarian food, skipping breakfast (p>0.05). Consumption of tea as a morning drink which was significantly related with BMI values (p=0.023) as well as taking refined wheat flour product as a morning diet, having breakfast at 6.00 am to 9.00 am were significantly related with BMI (p=0.017 and p=0.020, respectively). The study indicated that the drinking tea, consumption of refined wheat flour product and time of the taking breakfast were significantly related with BMI.