bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demographic “Stickiness”: The Demographic Identity of Departing Group Members Influences Who Is Chosen to Replace Them
Authors: Chang Edward H. , Kirgios Erika L.
Published: August 2023

People tasked with replacing a departing group member are disproportionately likely to choose a replacement with the same demographic identity, leading to demographic “stickiness” in group composition. We examine this effect in 2,163 U.S. federal judge appointments over 75 years, in the selection of 5,616 S&P 1500 board directors from 2014 to 2019, and in four preregistered experiments (n = 2,900). The patterns we document are generally consistent with both impact aversion (desires to minimize changes to group composition and dynamics) and diversity loss aversion (outsized concerns about losing ground on demographic diversity relative to interests in gaining ground). Ultimately, our results suggest that replacement decisions are influenced by loss-averse preferences regarding the demographic identities of departing group members. The propensity to choose new group members based on whether they demographically resemble their predecessors suggests that once progress toward diversification has occurred, it should be “sticky,” so backsliding is less likely than might otherwise be expected. An optimistic outlook is that one-time interventions to change group composition may have a lasting impact, and change agents committed to diversification may have enduring effects on equality beyond their tenure.

This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online supplement are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4897 .
COVID 19 Patients Who Applied To Our Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: FİDANCI İlknur , TAŞAR Medine , CURA YAYLA Burcu , AYKAÇ Kübra , AKINTUĞ Bahar , KILIÇ Mustafa Berkay , İŞCAN Gökçe
Published: August 2023

Objective: We aimed to evaluate COVID 19 PCR test positive patients who admitted to our Pediatric Emergency Department, together with their admission symptoms, clinical, laboratory and radiological findings.
Method: The study was conducted in patients admitted to Pediatric Emergency Department between March 2020 and January 2021. SPSS 26 V was used in the analysis of the data.
Results: 1007 COVID 19 PCR + patients were included in the study. Of these, 512 (50.8%) were female, 495 (49.2%) were male, and the median age was 171 months (min-max: 2-226). In the disease classification of patients, 818 (81%) patients were asymptomatic. The most common symptoms were fever (45.6%), cough (38.3%) and sore throat (26.7%). According to age groups, fever (p<0.01), vomiting and diarrhea (p=0.010) were significantly higher in the group over 120 months of age.Chest X-ray was taken in 74.3% of the patients, 1.06% of them were evaluated as abnormal. This situation was seen more in the moderate group (p<0.01). CRP elevation was the most common laboratory finding in 28.9% of patients, leukopenia in 38.5%, and lymphopenia in 25.2% of patients. CRP, procalcitonin and troponin values were higher in the severe group (p<0.019; p<0.003, p<0.013). 10.3% of the patients received inpatient treatment.
Conclusion: Although COVID 19 progresses with asymptomatic and mild symptoms in children, it should be borne in mind that in rare cases, there may be severe course and death. It is important to detect asymptomatic cases in terms of transmission, especially to protect the elderly and adults with underlying disease.
A POLÍTICA DE ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL NO ENSINO BÁSICO: TECENDO MEMÓRIAS E PENSANDO O FUTURO
Authors: Dos Santos Thamires Pereira
Published: August 2023

Nosso texto traz reflexões sobre a política de Assistência Estudantil e sua relevância para o Ensino Básico. Nesta abordagem, queremos pensar a experiência desta política em processo de construção, em uma escola pública carioca, ressaltando sua importância, potencialidades, bem como sua incompletude, diante da necessidade de oferecer formação e proteção integral aos estudantes. Destacamos que o formato assumido por esta política ainda precisa de ajustes e de ampliação, devendo ser construído democraticamente, por toda a comunidade escolar, em diálogo com as redes de serviços existentes no entorno, sempre na perspectiva de integralidade, visto que se dirige a uma população de crianças e adolescentes em fase tão especial de seu desenvolvimento e processo de aprendizagem. Além disso, nesta reflexão queremos prestar homenagem à companheira de trabalho que faleceu na pandemia de COVID19 e que dividia a elaboração desta reflexão conosco. Este é, portanto, um estudo acadêmico e um registro afetivo de um trabalho construído conjuntamente.
PEDAGOGIA E CINEMA: ENQUADRAMENTOS POSSÍVEIS
Authors: Berti Andreza Oliveira
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo apresenta um breve panorama das possibilidades de atuação do/a pedagogo/a e do/a professor/a no campo cinema-educação, tendo como fio condutor da narrativa as pistas reveladas ao longo do meu percurso formativo. Fundamentando-se no gesto pedagógico de prestar atenção ao mundo, bem como no aporte sensível-teórico-metodológico necessário para caminhar entre palavras, sons, imagens e apontamentos, a potência provocada pela entrada do cinema na escola sinaliza a importância deste encontro.Palavras-chave: Pedagogia; Cinema-Educação; Escola; Espaçostempos.
PEDAGOGIA E GESTÃO EDUCACIONAL: DIÁLOGOS E NARRATIVAS SOBRE A PRÁXIS GESTORA
Authors: Moraes Viviane Merlim
Published: August 2023

O texto objetiva discutir concepções teórico-práticas da gestão educacional, partindo das narrativas de experiências do vivido (LIMA; GERALDI e GERALDI, 2015). Dialoga com a formação inicial e continuada no trabalho do gestor, que se faz na práxis. Destaca os principais autores que tecem este trabalho: Freire, Paro, Gramsci, Cury, entre outros. Conjugando as análises a partir do cruzamento das experiências com as obras citadas, as sínteses iniciais apontam para o entendimento do cotidiano, dos saberes populares e da escola pública para que se possa caminhar rumo à democratização da gestão educacional.Educação;
PEDAGOGIA E TECNOLOGIAS: POSSIBILIDADES E DESAFIOS VIVENCIADOS NA CIBERCULTURA
Authors: Da Silva Alexsandra Barbosa
Published: August 2023

O artigo aqui apresentado tem como objetivo narrar o percurso formativo do profissional da pedagogia atuando na área de tecnologias no âmbito universitário, tendo como lócus de atuação a Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), no Laboratório de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (LaTIC) da Pró-reitoria de Graduação (PR-1), com a finalidade de apresentar por meio da experiência vivida na universidade alguns projetos que articulam as tecnologias digitais em rede com as ações pedagógicas na graduação presencial da universidade. Trata-se de uma abordagem cotidianista (ALVES, 2008, CERTEAU, 2014) ao buscar narrativas e experiências para dialogar sobre a temática que envolve pedagogia e tecnologia. Como resultado ressaltamos a importância de uma aprendizagem contínua e curiosa sobre os fenômenos da cibercultura no âmbito da educação para que seja possível a partir do conhecimento técnico das interfaces ‘pensarfazer’ propostas pedagógicas que envolvam as tecnologias nas diversas práticas educativas ‘dentrofora’ da sala de aula.
UMA PEDAGOGA NA SAÚDE MENTAL COLETIVA: PROVOCAÇÕES REFLEXIVAS
Authors: Werner Sheyla
Published: August 2023

Este artigo toma como objetivo provocar a reflexão acerca da importância de pedagogas(os) habitarem os espaços, projetos e serviços de saúde mental. Constituído a partir da trajetória de uma pedagoga em cenários da saúde mental coletiva, oferecendo vivências, questões e produções. A discussão teórica se compõe por autores diversos da área da educação e da saúde, problematizando e sustentando a narrativa. É possível reconhecer a potência do fazer pedagógico articulado ao campo da saúde, sendo necessário ampliar a discussão e as alternativas de inserção e atuação na e com a saúde de profissionais da pedagogia.
Pedagogia empresarial: a atuação do pedagogo no setor de Responsabilidade Social do Supermercados Mundial
Authors: Da silva cunha Claudia Rangel
Published: August 2023

A atuação de um pedagogo na empresa e suas especificidades no RH.
UM ENSAIO SOBRE ORIENTAÇÃO EDUCACIONAL E EQUIPES MULTIPROFISSIONAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Ramos Moacyr Salles
Published: August 2023

O texto consiste em um ensaio que problematiza o trabalho da orientação educacional no contexto de inserção das equipes multiprofissionais na educação. Estabelece uma breve comparação entre as atribuições de orientadores educacionais, psicólogos e assistentes sociais na educação, identificando similaridades e questionando a ausência de previsão legal de orientadores educacionais pedagogos na composição das equipes. Aponta fragilidades do curso de pedagogia e traz sugestões para o trabalho dos orientadores educacionais.
As ‘Brizoletas’: sentido e contexto histórico e o contraste com o tempo presente
Authors: Frigotto Gaudêncio
Published: August 2023

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Statutory and mandatory training for support staff
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: August 2023

Statutory and mandatory training in healthcare refers to the training that healthcare assistants and assistant practitioners (HCAs and APs) are legally required to complete. Statutory and mandatory are two terms that the HCA and AP will frequently come across; they are often discussed in legal and regulatory contexts. This article provides readers with an overview of statutory and mandatory training, providing explanations of what is meant by both terms. There is a requirement that the HCA and AP attend training updates as dictated by the employer. The article offers insight into training rights of employees and the obligations of employers.
Supply Chain Managers are Key Influencers
Authors: Billinge Chris
Published: August 2023

Chris Billinge, group business development director at TFC, an AFC industries company, explains why supply chain managers mustn’t do it alone and how vendor-managed inventory (VMI) partners can offer more value than ever.
Cobots: Designing in Safety
Authors:   ABB
Published: August 2023

Cobots have lowered the barriers to automation, but must still be operated safely – something that presents a range of different challenges.
A Sustainable Technique for Colony Multiplication by Eduction of Wild Nests of the Stingless Bee Tetragonula iridipennis Smith
Authors: Udayakumar Amala , Venu H.S. , Chandramanu K. G. R. , Shivalingaswamy Timalapur M. , Shylesha Arkalagud N. , Subaharan Kesavan , Sushil Satya Nand
Published: August 2023

Colony multiplication of stingless bees, Tetragonula iridipennis, largely relies on the eduction of wild colonies from their natural nesting sites in India. During the hiving of wild colonies, colonies were destroyed with the loss of robust wild foragers and built-in storage reserves over the years. The present study was conducted to devise a technique to sustainably multiply the colonies of stingless bees from the wild colony and the colony establishment and development during the eduction process. The annexure hives provided for eduction were accepted in a shorter time (3.25 ± 1.18 days), with the construction of storage pots observed at 7.75 ± 1.59 days after hive acceptance by the bees. The movement of foragers between the wild colony and the annexure hives was noticed for 13.80 ± 4.20 days. The foragers settled in the annexure hives and started foraging after 18.20 ± 2.49 days. The advancing fronts were observed at 26.67 ± 2.58 days after the addition of the laying queen in the established annexure hives. There was a significant increase in the number of inhive workers after the queen seeding in the annexure hives. This technique is the easiest and most sustainable non-destructive way of multiplication of stingless bee colonies without loss in viability of the perennial wild colony.
Partial control with overt embedded subjects in Chirag
Authors: Ganenkov Dmitry
Published: August 2023

This article documents a previously unattested variety of obligatory control (OC) in the
Nakh-Daghestanian language Chirag Dargwa, which lies at the intersection between two phenomena
known from previous research: overt controlled subjects and partial control. Despite being less
widespread crosslinguistically, these two phenomena do occur in various unrelated languages and
are known to not quite fit in with existing theories of OC. Combined in a single construction, they
yield a new empirical option in the typology of OC and provide evidence in favor of a pro analysis
of controlled subjects
Low-loss chalcogenide microstructured optical fibers prepared by eliminating interfaces defects
Authors: Liang Yachen , Gu Zhengxiang , Guan Yongnian , He Lelu , Xia Kelun , Wang Xunsi , Dai Shixun , Shen Xiang , Liu Zijun
Published: August 2023

The loss of chalcogenide microstructured optical fibers (ChG-MOFs) is generally higher than that of step fibers, mainly due to the immature fiber preform preparation method and strong waveguide defect scattering. Chemical polishing is used to polish mechanically drilled preforms to prepare ChG-MOFs with low defect scattering. Firstly, the scattering loss caused by the defective layer of ChG-MOFs is studied theoretically and experimentally. Then, a single-mode photonic crystal fiber (PCF) was prepared to verify the effect of chemical polishing on reducing fiber loss. The experimental results show that the PCF average loss is reduced from more than 8 dB/m to less than 2 dB/m, and the minimum loss reaches 0.8 dB/m @ 2.7 µm. At the same time, the bending strength of the PCF after chemical polishing is also significantly improved.
Crosstalk-free for multi-plane holographic display using double-constraint stochastic gradient descent
Authors: Wang Jiabao , Wang Jun , Zhou Jie , Zhang Yuqi , Wu Yang
Published: August 2023

Multi-plane crosstalk is a key issue affecting the quality of holographic three-dimensional (3D) displays. The time-multiplexing stochastic gradient descent (TM-SGD) method has been applied to solve the inter-plane crosstalk problem in multi-plane reconstruction. However, the inter-plane crosstalk increases greatly as the inter-plane interval decreases, and the optimization time increases greatly as the number of planes increases. In this paper, we propose a double-constraint stochastic gradient descent method to suppress inter-plane crosstalk in multi-plane reconstruction. In the proposed method, we use the mask to make the optimization process focus more on the signal region and improve the reconstruction quality. Meanwhile, we adopt a constraint strategy of phase regularization to reduce the phase randomness of the signal region and suppress inter-plane crosstalk. Numerical simulation and optical experiment results confirm that our method can effectively suppress the inter-plane crosstalk and improve the quality of the reconstructed planes at a lower inter-plane interval. Moreover, the optimization time of our method is almost 4 times faster than that of TM-SGD. The proposed method can contribute to the realization of tomographic 3D visualization in the biomedical field, which requires the reconstruction of multiple tomographic images without inter-plane crosstalk.
Flux balance analysis-based metabolic modeling of microbial secondary metabolism: Current status and outlook
Authors: Qiu Sizhe , Yang Aidong , Zeng Hong
Published: August 2023

In microorganisms, different from primary metabolism for cellular growth, secondary metabolism is for ecological interactions and stress responses and an important source of natural products widely used in various areas such as pharmaceutics and food additives. With advancements of sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools, a large number of biosynthetic gene clusters of secondary metabolites have been discovered from microbial genomes. However, due to challenges from the difficulty of genome-scale pathway reconstruction and the limitation of conventional flux balance analysis (FBA) on secondary metabolism, the quantitative modeling of secondary metabolism is poorly established, in contrast to that of primary metabolism. This review first discusses current efforts on the reconstruction of secondary metabolic pathways in genome-scale metabolic models (GSMMs), as well as related FBA-based modeling techniques. Additionally, potential extensions of FBA are suggested to improve the prediction accuracy of secondary metabolite production. As this review posits, biosynthetic pathway reconstruction for various secondary metabolites will become automated and a modeling framework capturing secondary metabolism onset will enhance the predictive power. Expectedly, an improved FBA-based modeling workflow will facilitate quantitative study of secondary metabolism and in silico design of engineering strategies for natural product production.
Electrochemical cells from water ice? Preliminary methods and results
Authors: Helman Daniel S. , Retallack Matthew
Published: August 2023

Electrochemical cells from ice will be an important seasonal addition to power generation in cold regions. We demonstrate power generation on the order of 0.1 mW at 0.3 V and 0.13 m2 surface area using an electrochemical cell with 2% HCl providing a pH gradient in ice, and suggest a solar add-on effect due to temperature changes under direct sunlight. Different models are discussed, and data are presented related to different additives: (1) solutes such as NaCl and monopotassium phosphate; (2) pH modifying agents such as acids and bases; (3) particulate suspensions with kaolinite and other substances. The results are positive and suggest viable use of electrochemical cells from ice with low fabrication costs and safe environmental impact for ephemeral power generation, especially with future material improvements and refinement of technique. Current research in this nascent field is also briefly introduced. The model presented has implications both for power systems and for biology: an icy-worlds hypothesis for the origin of life suggests a protometabolism with an ice-based pH gradient.
A study of microbial diversity in a biofertilizer consortium
Authors: Hernández-Álvarez Cristóbal , Peimbert Mariana , Rodríguez-Martin Pedro , Trejo-Aguilar Dora , Alcaraz Luis D.
Published: August 2023

Biofertilizers supply living microorganisms to help plants grow and keep their health. This study examines the microbiome composition of a commercial biofertilizer known for its plant growth-promoting activity. Using ITS and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, we describe the microbial communities of a biofertilizer, with 163 fungal species and 485 bacterial genera found. The biofertilizer contains a variety of microorganisms previously reported to enhance nutrient uptake, phytohormone production, stress tolerance, and pathogen resistance in plants. Plant roots created a microenvironment that boosted bacterial diversity but filtered fungal communities. Notably, preserving the fungal-inoculated substrate proves critical for keeping fungal diversity in the root fraction. We described that bacteria were more diverse in the rhizosphere than in the substrate. In contrast, root-associated fungi were less diverse than the substrate ones. We propose using plant roots as bioreactors to sustain dynamic environments that promote the proliferation of microorganisms with biofertilizer potential. The study suggests that bacteria grow close to plant roots, while root-associated fungi may be a subset of the substrate fungi. These findings show that the composition of the biofertilizer may be influenced by the selection of microorganisms associated with plant roots, which could have implications for the effectiveness of the biofertilizer in promoting plant growth. In conclusion, our study sheds light on the intricate interplay between plant roots and the biofertilizer’s microbial communities. Understanding this relationship can aid in optimizing biofertilizer production and application, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices and improved crop yields.
“I will never wish this pain to even my worst enemy”: Lived experiences of pain associated with manual vacuum aspiration during post-abortion care in Kenya
Authors: Ouedraogo Ramatou , Obure Valleria , Kimemia Grace , Achieng Anne , Kadzo Mercy , Shirima Jane , Dama Shilla Unda , Wanjiru Shelmith , Both Jonna
Published: August 2023

Background and objectives

In Kenya, where abortion is legally restricted, most abortions are induced using unsafe procedures, and lead to complications treated in public health facilities. The introduction of Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA) to treat incomplete abortion has improved the management of abortion complications. However, this technology comes with pain whose management has been a challenge. This paper explores the lived experiences of pain (management) during MVA to document the contributing factors.

Methods

We used an ethnographic approach to explore girls and healthcare providers’ experiences in offering and accessing post-abortion care in Kilifi County, Kenya. The data collection approach included participant observation and informal conversations in public health facilities and neighboring communities, as well as in-depth interviews with 21 girls and young women treated for abortion complication and 12 healthcare providers.

Results

Our findings show that almost all patients described the MVA as the most painful procedure they have ever experienced. The unbearable pain was explained by various factors, including the lack of preparedness of health facilities to offer PAC services (i.e. lack of pain medicine, lack of training, inadequate knowledge and grasp of pain medication guidelines, and malfunctioning MVA kits). Moreover, the attitudes of healthcare providers and facilities management toward the MVA device limited the supply and replacement of MVA kits. Moreover, the scarcity of pain medicines also gave some providers the opportunity to abuse patients guided by their values, whereby they would deny patients pain medication as a form of "punishment" if they were suspected of inducing their abortion, especially adolescent girls.

Conclusion

The study findings suggest the need for clearer guidelines on pain medication, value clarification and attitude transformation training for providers, systematizing the use of medical uterine evacuation using medical abortion drug and strengthening the supply chain of pain medication and MVA kits to reduce the pain and improve the quality of post-abortion care.
Starling: Introducing a mesoscopic scale with Confluence for Graph Clustering
Authors: Gaume Bruno
Published: August 2023

Given a Graph G = (V, E) and two vertices i, j ∈ V, we introduce Confluence(G, i, j), a vertex mesoscopic closeness measure based on short Random walks, which brings together vertices from a same overconnected region of the Graph G, and separates vertices coming from two distinct overconnected regions. Confluence becomes a useful tool for defining a new Clustering quality function QConf(G, Γ) for a given Clustering Γ and for defining a new heuristic Starling to find a partitional Clustering of a Graph G intended to optimize the Clustering quality function QConf. We compare the accuracies of Starling, to the accuracies of three state of the art Graphs Clustering methods: Spectral-Clustering, Louvain, and Infomap. These comparisons are done, on the one hand with artificial Graphs (a) Random Graphs and (b) a classical Graphs Clustering Benchmark, and on the other hand with (c) Terrain-Graphs gathered from real data. We show that with (a), (b) and (c), Starling is always able to obtain equivalent or better accuracies than the three others methods. We show also that with the Benchmark (b), Starling is able to obtain equivalent accuracies and even sometimes better than an Oracle that would only know the expected overconnected regions from the Benchmark, ignoring the concretely constructed edges.
Late-stage presentation with decompensated cirrhosis is alarmingly common but successful etiologic therapy allows for favorable clinical outcomes
Authors: Schwarz Michael , Schwarz Caroline , Burghart Lukas , Pfisterer Nikolaus , Bauer David , Hübl Wolfgang , Mandorfer Mattias , Gschwantler Michael , Reiberger Thomas
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Liver cirrhosis accounts for considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide and late presentation limits therapeutic options. We aimed to assess characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis at the time of first presentation and during their clinical course.

Methods

Patients with cirrhosis as evident by presence of varices at endoscopy, liver stiffness ≥15kPa at elastography, or ascites requiring paracentesis between Q1/2015-Q2/2020 were retrospectively included. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected from medical records at presentation and last follow-up.

Results

476 patients were included (alcohol-related liver disease, ALD: 211, 44.3%; viral hepatitis: 163, 34.2%). Of these, 106 patients (22.3%) and 160 patients (33.6%) presented already with Child-Pugh C and MELD >15, respectively, and decompensation events were registered in 50% (238 patients) at baseline, and even in 75.4% of ALD patients.

During a median follow-up of 11.0 (IQR 4–24) months, 116 patients died. Two-year survival was worse for patients with ALD than for viral hepatitis (71.1% vs. 90.2%, log rank p<0.001). We observed the highest percentage of portal-vein thrombosis (30.0%), hepatocellular carcinoma (15.0%), and death (45.0%) in the MAFLD group (n = 20). Patients cured from hepatitis C showed significant improvements in platelet count (147 to 169 G/L, p<0.001) and liver stiffness (26.2 to 17.7 kPa, p<0.001), while ALD patients improved in Child-Pugh score (8.6 to 7.6, p<0.001) during follow-up. With increasing Child Pugh score and MELD, we found increasing serum concentrations of CRP (p<0.001) and an inverse correlation with serum HDL (Spearman’s ρ = -0.573 and -0.529, respectively, p<0.001).

Conclusion

Half of the patients with cirrhosis had decompensated cirrhosis at presentation. This calls for increased awareness and strategies for earlier diagnosis of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.
Genetic and antiretroviral drug resistance mutations analysis of reverse transcriptase and protease gene from Pakistani people living with HIV-1
Authors: Siddiqui Dilsha , Badar Uzma , Javaid Mahnoor , Farooqui Nida , Shah Sharaf Ali , Iftikhar Ayesha , Sultan Faisal , Mir Fatima , Furqan Sofia , Mahmood Syed Faisal , Abidi Syed Hani
Published: August 2023

Background

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectiveness is compromised by the emergence of HIV drug resistance mutations (DRM) and can lead to the failure of ART. Apart from intrinsic viral factors, non-compliance with drugs and/or the use of sub-optimum therapy can lead to the emergence of DRMs. In Pakistan HIV currently exists as a concentrated epidemic, however, ART coverage is very low, and drug adherence is poor. ART is selected assuming without baseline genotyping. Pakistan has recently seen a rise in treatment failures, but the country’s actual burden of DRM is still unknown. In this study, we perform the genetic and drug resistance analysis of the pol gene from Pakistani HIV-positive ART-naïve and ART-experienced individuals.

Methods

In this study, HIV-1 pol was sequenced from 146 HIV-1 positive individuals, divided into ART-naïve (n = 37) and ART-experienced (n = 109). The sequences were also used to determine HIV-1 subtypes, the prevalence of DRM, and pol genetic variability.

Results

DRM analysis identified numerous DRMs against reverse transcriptase inhibitors in both ART-naïve and ART-experienced groups, including a few that are classified as rare. Additionally, the ART-experienced group showed mutations associated with resistance to protease inhibitors. Genetic analysis showed negative selection pressure in both groups, but a higher rate of evolution in the ART-naïve group.

Conclusion

High prevalence of DRMs, especially against previous first-line treatment in ART- naïve and the accumulation of DRMs in ART-experienced groups is concerning and warrants that a more extensive DRM survey be carried out to inform first-line and second-line ART regimen recommendations.
BCI-Walls: A robust methodology to predict if conscious EEG changes can be detected in the presence of artefacts
Authors: Porr Bernd , Bohollo Lucía Muñoz
Published: August 2023

Brain computer interfaces (BCI) depend on reliable realtime detection of conscious EEG changes for example to control a video game. However, scalp recordings are contaminated with non-stationary noise, such as facial muscle activity and eye movements. This interferes with the detection process making it potentially unreliable or even impossible. We have developed a new methodology which provides a hard and measurable criterion if conscious EEG changes can be detected in the presence of non-stationary noise by requiring the signal-to-noise ratio of a scalp recording to be greater than the SNR-wall which in turn is based on the highest and lowest noise variances of the recording. As an instructional example, we have recorded signals from the central electrode Cz during eight different activities causing non-stationary noise such as playing a video game or reading out loud. The results show that facial muscle activity and eye-movements have a strong impact on the detectability of EEG and that minimising both eye-movement artefacts and muscle noise is essential to be able to detect conscious EEG changes.
Using multiple qualitative methods to inform intervention development: Improving functional status measurement for older veterans in primary care settings
Authors: Nicosia Francesca M. , Zamora Kara , Rizzo Anael , Spar Malena J. , Silvestrini Molly , Brown Rebecca T.
Published: August 2023

Functional status, or the ability to perform activities of daily living, is central to older adults’ health and quality of life. However, health systems have been slow to incorporate routine measurement of function into patient care. We used multiple qualitative methods to develop a patient-centered, interprofessional intervention to improve measurement of functional status for older veterans in primary care settings. We conducted semi-structured interviews with patients, clinicians, and operations staff (n = 123) from 7 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Medical Centers. Interviews focused on barriers and facilitators to measuring function. We used concepts from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Science and sociotechnical analysis to inform rapid qualitative analyses and a hybrid deductive/inductive approach to thematic analysis. We mapped qualitative findings to intervention components. Barriers to measurement included time pressures, cumbersome electronic tools, and the perception that measurement would not be used to improve patient care. Facilitators included a strong interprofessional environment and flexible workflows. Findings informed the development of five intervention components, including (1) an interprofessional educational session; (2) routine, standardized functional status measurement among older patients; (3) annual screening by nurses using a standardized instrument and follow-up assessment by primary care providers; (4) electronic tools and templates to facilitate increased identification and improved management of functional impairment; and (5) tailored reports on functional status for clinicians and operations leaders. These findings show how qualitative methods can be used to develop interventions that are more responsive to real-world contexts, increasing the chances of successful implementation. Using a conceptually-grounded approach to intervention development has the potential to improve patient and clinician experience with measuring function in primary care.
Effectiveness of gilt acclimatization - improvement procedures in a farm with recurrent outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea
Authors: Suwan Pimpakarn , Boonsoongnern Alongkot , Phuttapatimok Sahathat , Sukmak Manakorn , Jirawattanapong Pichai , Chumsing Wilairat , Boodde Orawan , Woramahatthanon Krithiran , Woonwong Yonlayong
Published: August 2023

Background and Aim: Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a severe infectious disease that causes very high mortality in newborn piglets up to 2-3 weeks age. The main cause of repeated outbreaks of PED in infected farms is the continuing circulation of the PED virus (PEDV). Improper gilt management, including inappropriate gut feedback, commingling, and inadequate immunization, causes a prolonged virus circulation in breeding herds. Moreover, insufficient transfer of passive immunity through the colostrum to newborn piglets can also increase infection risk. Therefore, a gilt management program that controls infection should focus on infection monitoring and acclimatization. We investigated the source of recurrent PEDV outbreaks and examined how the effect of immunization methods, specifically using gut feedback mechanism and vaccination, can reduce PEDV circulation and improve immune responses in replacement gilts.

Materials and Methods: The study site was a segregated commercial production farm with endemic PEDV. The acclimatization methods included gut feedback and vaccination. This longitudinal study evaluated two strategies of gilt acclimatization against PEDV: Program 1 (routine farm management) and Program 2 (early feedback program and all-in-all-out system). Levels of PED RNA in fecal samples were measured using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the PEDV S gene was sequenced. Porcine epidemic diarrhea-specific immune responses were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the serum neutralization test.

Results: Porcine epidemic diarrhea outbreaks occurred in the farrowing, nursery, and finishing units and farrowed litters 5–10 days old were symptomatic of PED. Phylogenetic analyses of the S gene showed PEDV sequence divergence between PEDV field strains and vaccine strain, which may contribute to periodic outbreaks and continued persistence of PEDV in the farm. After gut feedback and acclimatization, replacement gilts from Program 1 continued to shed PEDV before being introduced to sow herds, while those from Program 2 did not shed PEDV before being introduced to sow herds. However, the components of the immune response against PEDV in serum samples, including specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G, specific IgA, and neutralizing antibodies were lower in gilts of Program 2 than those in Program 1.

Conclusion: We speculate that implementing the appropriate gilt acclimatization program can control PEDV circulation in farm. However, the acclimatization methods in Program 2 did not induce a strong and adequate immune response in replacement gilts. Therefore, maternal immunity levels and the degree of protection against PEDV require further study.

Keywords: acclimatization, gilt, immune response, phylogenetic tree, porcine epidemic diarrhea.
Sydney Taylor Book Award Acceptance Speeches
Authors: Kimmel Eric A. , Carmi Giora
Published: August 2023

Remarks by Eric A. Kimmel and Giora Carmi
Drought in Afghanistan: exploring the vulnerability and drought coping capacity of the farmers of Arabmazari village, Chamtal district, Balkh Province, Afghanistan
Authors: Faizi Meena , Maryono Maryono , Hermawan Ferry
Published: August 2023

Drought is one of the impacts of climate change which affects the productivity of agriculture and eventually of farmers in Afghanistan. The farming system in most part of the country, practices old farming methods, that is why the farming system is vulnerable to natural climatic conditions. With the lack of facilities and financial capacity of the government in Afghanistan, farmers are forced to rely on their own to plan and survive natural disasters i.e. drought, with minimum governmental intervention. The common intervention received is through drought relief, which in the long-run, is not sustainable. In this case, what then is the drought vulnerability and coping capacity of these farmers? This study will assess the vulnerability of the farmers and how efficient or inefficient the coping strategies, practiced by the farmers, are. The study also covers governmental intervention, if any. The study targets small-scale farmers of Chamtal district, Balkh Province in Afghanistan. The research considers non-probability purposive sampling method, selecting around 30-40 participants for the survey. The majority of the participants will be farmers of different wealth status. The data collection will take place through conducting Focused Group Discussion and survey through questionnaire. To assist with the qualitative and quantitative nature of the study, the research will adopt descriptive and correlational statistics. The result of the research finds that in general farmers are highly vulnerable to drought specifically the farmers with poor background. The coping capacity is, although temporarily efficient, but in the long-term, it’s not efficient. For a long-term solution, they require governments intervention which so far, they have not received any help.
P.Cair.Zen. IV 59538: An Autograph Letter by Amyntas (With a Study on Amyntas’ Handwriting Style)
Authors: Frutos García Alba de
Published: August 2023

P.Cair.Zen. IV 59538 (TM 1174), dated to 16 January of 257 BCE, is a fragmentary papyrus from the Zenon Archive that preserves the final part of a letter. Along with a significant part of its content, the identity of both its sender and addressee has been lost. However, a careful analysis of the material aspects of the letter reveals that its author and scribe can be identified with Amyntas (TM Per 769), the administrator of the Alexandrine household of Apollonios.
A Name List on Claudius’s Letter to the Alexandrians (P.Lond. VI 1912)
Authors: Blumell Lincoln H.
Published: August 2023

The publication of a list of names that appears between columns two and three of Claudius’s letter to the Alexandrians (P.Lond. VI 1912). Though the hand of the list is different from the hand of the letter, it shares paleographic and onomastic parallels with other documents in the archive of Nemesion.
Zum Ursprung der Papyrussammlungen in Bonn und Frankfurt
Authors: Essler Holgar
Published: August 2023

The article reconstructs the provenance of the papyrus collections in the universities of Bonn and Frankfurt. It is argued that they both originate in the acquisitions made by Siegfried Sudhaus for Kiel University through the “Deutsches Papyruskartell”.
Analysis of online assignments designed by chemistry teachers based on their knowledge and self-regulation
Authors: Hadas Boaz , Herscovitz Orit , Dori Yehudit Judy
Published: August 2023

Learners’ independence and self-regulated learning (SRL) may be achieved by online teaching, promoting learners’ 21st century skills. Transitioning into online learning and teaching requires a variety of teachers’ knowledge types and competencies. Mapping these knowledge types with a dedicated tool can help improve teachers’ professional development processes to enhance the SRL of teachers and subsequently students. We aimed at investigating the types of knowledge chemistry teachers expressed in online assignments they had designed, which included guidelines to foster their students’ SRL, and reviewing their reflections upon implementing these assignments. The participants were 20 high school chemistry teachers, who took part in two professional development programs focusing on fostering students’ SRL skills in online assignments, the teachers had designed. Research tools included teachers’ online assignments and teachers’ written reflections. We analyzed the assignments using a special rubric, which consists of three types of teachers’ knowledge: technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK), assessment knowledge (AK), and SRL. Findings show that the analysis rubric of online assignments, designed by teachers, enabled identifying various teacher knowledge types and their levels. The use of a validated rubric for mapping and assessing teachers’ knowledge types is a methodical contribution to research on chemistry teachers’ professional development.
Categories of modules, comodules and contramodules over representations
Authors: Balodi Mamta , Banerjee Abhishek , Ray Samarpita
Published: August 2023

We study and relate categories of modules, comodules and contramodules over a representation of a small category taking values in (co)algebras, in a manner similar to modules over a ringed space. As a result, we obtain a categorical framework which incorporates all adjoint functors between these categories in a natural manner. Various classical properties of coalgebras and their morphisms arise naturally within this theory. We also consider cartesian objects in each of these categories, which may be viewed as counterparts of quasi-coherent sheaves over a scheme. We study their categorical properties using cardinality arguments. Our focus is on generators for these categories and on Grothendieck categories, because the latter may be treated as replacements for noncommutative spaces.
On some inequalities for numerical radius of semi-Hilbert space multioperators
Authors: Guesba Messaoud , Mahmoud Sid Ahmed Ould Ahmed
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we aim to introduce new inequalities of the m-tuples of
semi-Hilbert space operators. These inequalities, which are based on some numerical radius inequalities due to Dragomir et al. for a single operator on a Hilbert space. Further, we give a new formula of the A-Euclidean operator
semi-norm of m-tuples of operators on a semi-Hilbert space.
On the characterization of generalized (m, n)-Jordan *-derivations in prime rings
Authors: Siddeeque Mohammad Aslam , Shikeh Abbas Hussain
Published: August 2023

Let

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

be a prime ring equipped with an involution ‘

*

{*}

’ of order 2 and let

m
≠
n

{m\neq n}

be some fixed positive integers such that

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

is

2
⁢
m
⁢
n
⁢

(

m
+
n

)

⁢

|

m
-
n

|

{2mn(m+n)|m-n|}

-torsion free. Let

𝒬

m
⁢
s

⁢

(
𝒜
)

{\mathcal{Q}_{ms}(\mathcal{A})}

be the maximal symmetric ring of quotients of

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

and consider the mappings

ℱ

{\mathcal{F}}

and

𝒢
:

𝒜
→

𝒬

m
⁢
s

⁢

(
𝒜
)

{\mathcal{G}:\mathcal{A}\to\mathcal{Q}_{ms}(\mathcal{A})}

satisfying the relations

(

m
+
n

)

⁢
ℱ
⁢

(

a
2

)

=

2
⁢
m
⁢
ℱ
⁢

(
a
)

⁢

a
*

+

2
⁢
n
⁢
a
⁢
ℱ
⁢

(
a
)

(m+n)\mathcal{F}(a^{2})=2m\mathcal{F}(a)a^{*}+2na\mathcal{F}(a)

and

(

m
+
n

)

⁢
𝒢
⁢

(

a
2

)

=

2
⁢
m
⁢
𝒢
⁢

(
a
)

⁢

a
*

+

2
⁢
n
⁢
a
⁢
ℱ
⁢

(
a
)

(m+n)\mathcal{G}(a^{2})=2m\mathcal{G}(a)a^{*}+2na\mathcal{F}(a)

for all

a
∈
𝒜

{a\in\mathcal{A}}

. Using the theory of functional identities and the structure of involutions on matrix algebras, we prove that if

ℱ

{\mathcal{F}}

and

𝒢

{\mathcal{G}}

are additive, then

𝒢
=
0

{\mathcal{G}=0}

. We also show that, in case ‘

*

*

’ is any nonidentity anti-automorphism, the same conclusion holds if either ‘

*

{*}

’ is not identity on

𝒵
⁢

(
𝒜
)

{\mathcal{Z}(\mathcal{A})}

or

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

is a PI-ring.
Exponential stability of the von Kármán system with internal damping
Authors: Raposo Carlos , Martins Roseane , Ribeiro Joilson , Vera Octavio
Published: August 2023

This work deals with a von Kármán system with internal damping. For the solution’s existence, we use nonlinear semigroup theory tools. We construct an evolution system by nonlinear Lipschitz perturbation of a semigroup of contractions. We apply the energy method for the asymptotic behavior, which uses suitable multipliers to construct a Lyapunov functional that leads to exponential decay.
On n-Jordan homoderivations in rings
Authors: Belkadi Said , Ali Shakir , Taoufiq Lahcen
Published: August 2023

Let R be a ring and let

n
≥
1

{n\geq 1}

be a fixed integer. An additive mapping h of a ring R into itself is called an n-Jordan homoderivation if

h
⁢

(

x
n

)

=

(

h
⁢

(
x
)

+
x

)

n

-

x
n

{h(x^{n})=(h(x)+x)^{n}-x^{n}}

holds for all

x
∈
R

{x\in R}

. In this paper, we initiate the study of n-Jordan homoderivations on rings. Precisely, we characterize n-Jordan homoderivations in terms of homoderivations and anti-homomorphisms under certain conditions. Finally, we conclude our paper with a direction for further research.
Risk model and validation of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in patients with cerebrovascular disease in the ICU
Authors: Liao Qiuxia , Feng Zhi , Chen Xiaoli
Published: August 2023

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an emerging global epidemic. The intention of this study was to explore the risk model and validation of CRKP infection in patients with cerebrovascular disease in the intensive care unit (ICU). The data of patients with cerebrovascular disease and Klebsiella pneumoniae infection were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into the CRKP group and the carbapenem-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (CSKP) group. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) between the CRKP group and the CSKP group for many variables. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that the number of types of antibiotics used, history of glucocorticoid use, and duration of mechanical ventilation before the occurrence of infectious bacteria are the independent risk factors for CRKP infection in patients with cerebrovascular disease in the ICU, and a nomogram risk model was constructed accordingly. The area under the ROC curve of the risk model was 0.868 (95% CI: 0.803–0.934).
Leadership in the Emergent Baekje State: State Formation in Central-Western Korea (ca. 200–400 CE)
Authors: Kim Minkoo
Published: August 2023

The process of state formation is a social phenomenon closely connected with a polity’s external relationships. During peer–polity interactions, polities undergo social reorganization as they mutually influence each other. This study examines this process and argues that in central-western Korea, around 200–400 CE, hostile interactions among multiple polities weakened the power of ingroup members to level social differences and increased social complexity. When confronted with unfriendly outgroups, potential rulers could assume different social roles (e.g., diplomat, war leader, or trader) and utilize new social threats to demand and legitimize higher social status. Archaeological data from central-western Korea illustrate the community’s efforts to build a defense system and prepare for war. Autonomous agricultural communities rapidly realigned into a state system in response to external threats, presumably from historically documented hostile groups such as the Lelang commandery and Goguryeo. The decision to oppose neighboring polities likely enhanced the leaders’ ability to consolidate power, while the rulers of the Baekje (also spelled “Paekche”) state could employ various other means for self-aggrandizement throughout its history.