bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental health in medical and biomedical doctoral students during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and racial protests
Authors: Schad Allison , Layton Rebekah L , Ragland Debra , Cook Jeanette Gowen
Published: September 2022

Concerns about the mental health of students, trainees and staff at universities and medical schools have been growing for many years. Recently, these have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and a period of heightened reckoning and protests about systemic racism in the United States in 2020. To better understand the mental health of medical students and biomedical doctoral students at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill during this challenging period, we performed a cross-sectional study (n=957) using institutional annual survey data on measures of depression, anxiety, hazardous alcohol use, problems related to substance use, and suicidal ideation. These data were collected in 2019 and 2020, and were analyzed by type of training program, race/ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and survey year. Results indicated significant differences for rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, with biomedical doctoral students showing greater incidence than medical students, and historically excluded students (e.g., people of color, women, LGBQ+ trainees) showing greater incidence compared to their peers. Of note, mental health remained poor for biomedical doctoral students in 2020 and declined for those belonging to historically excluded populations. The high rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation reported suggest that training environments need to be improved and support for mental health increased.
Ecological lipidology
Authors: Trautenberg Laura Christin , Brankatschk Marko , Shevchenko Andrej , Wigby Stuart , Reinhardt Klaus
Published: September 2022

Dietary lipids (DLs), particularly sterols and fatty acids, are precursors for endogenous lipids that, unusually for macronutrients, shape cellular and organismal function long after ingestion. These functions – cell membrane structure, intracellular signalling, and hormonal activity – vary with the identity of DLs, and scale up to influence health, survival, and reproductive fitness, thereby affecting evolutionary change. Our Ecological Lipidology approach integrates biochemical mechanisms and molecular cell biology into evolution and nutritional ecology. It exposes our need to understand environmental impacts on lipidomes, the lipid specificity of cell functions, and predicts the evolution of lipid-based diet choices. Broad interdisciplinary implications of Ecological Lipidology include food web alterations, species responses to environmental change, as well as sex differences and lifestyle impacts on human nutrition, and opportunities for DL-based therapies.
The New Aarhus Regulation and the Defensive Behaviour of the European Legislator
Authors: De Lucia Luca
Published: September 2022

The European Union implemented the Aarhus Convention for European institutions and bodies by means of Regulation 1367/2006. This Regulation, however, did not ensure the full compliance of European law with the Convention provisions regarding access to justice, since it was very restrictive
as to who was granted the right to request the review of acts allegedly infringing environmental law, the acts for which such review could be requested, and access to justice was ensured through an administrative procedure that did not comply with the principle of fairness. Due to these shortcomings,
Regulation 2021/1767 amended Regulation 1367/2006, successfully addressing the first two compliance issues, but leaving the question of the fairness of the review mechanism unresolved. This article has two aims: first, to illustrate the main changes made by Regulation 2021/1767, and second,
to show that the European legislator could provide for access to justice in environmental matters through review mechanisms that are fully in line with the standards required by the Aarhus Convention. This would be possible given that the provisions of the Treaty on administrative remedies
are fairly flexible.
The State-owned Maritime Concessions in Italy: the Cross-border Interest Issue and the Ongoing Reform of the Sector
Authors: Monica Alessia
Published: September 2022

The Italian State-owned maritime concessions regulatory framework testifies the seminal impact of Title IV of the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) and of the Services Directive (Directive 2006/123/EC) on national administrative procedures. Recently, the Plenary
Assembly of the Council of State (following the reasoning of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in joined cases C-458/14 and C-67/15 Promoimpresa and Mr. Melis), has confirmed the illegitimacy of the automatic extension of State-owned maritime concessions provided by the Italian
law until 2033, as contrary to both Article 49 TFEU and Article 12 of the Services Directive. It has modulated the effects of the unlawfulness of the ongoing extension calling on the Italian legislator to reform the sector's regulations by the end of 2023. Therefore, both the legislator and
the national administrations will have to find a balance between all relevant interests at stake in a transformed service market of bath tourism, since the beginning of the implementation of the Services Directive. Moreover, also in a case-by-case analysis of the 'scarcity of available natural
resources', they both will have to consider the cross-border interest of these concessions as necessarily existing in re ipsa, whilst balancing this aspect with some peculiar features of the Italian bathing sector. Firstly, it is clear how the national legislator has to implement the EU law
taking into account the concrete facts and context at stake. Secondly, the protection of private operators and of recipients is a basic condition not only for a general equitable and solidarity-based reform, but also for each selection procedure.
Lawtify Premium: Public. Resource. Org (T-185/19), a Judicial Take on Standardisation and Public Access to Law
Authors: Soroiu Alexandru , Correia de Carvalho Mateus
Published: September 2022

In Public. Resource. Org, the General Court ('GC') was called upon to balance the tension between the copyright claimed by a European standardisation organisation ('ESO') over four harmonised standards; and the request of free access to those standards, made by two NGOs. The GC, privileging
the former, ruled (1) that ESOs are private bodies able to legitimately license and sell their products; (2) that harmonised standards are the result of creative and original work performed by ESOs and, therefore, worthy of copyright protection, and (3) that privileging the access to the content
of the standards could be prejudicial to the ESO's business model. In this context, this case note argues that, whatever the outcome of the case could be, the GC failed to give adequate consideration to (1) the constitutional role and public regulatory functions that harmonised standards fulfill;
(2) the extent to which harmonised standards may actually be considered a product of free, creative, and orginal choices of their authors, and (3) whether harmonised standards in fact are a substantial part of the work and income of ESOs and whether they are not already sufficiently compensated
for their work.
Effects of continuous and rotational cropping practices on soil fungal communities in pineapple cultivation
Authors: Chen Jing , Zeng Hui
Published: September 2022

Background

Rotational cropping practices can change the fungal structure and diversity of cropping soil, and these changes can promote crop development. However, only a few studies have explored the effects of rotational cropping of pineapple on soil fungal diversity.

Methods

In this study, we investigated fungal diversity in continuous and rotational cropping soil of pineapple in Xuwen and Leizhou of China in summer and winter through high throughput sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer region.

Results

The diversity and richness of the fungal community were observed to be significantly increased after rotational cropping in Xuwen and Leizhou in summer, whereas no changes were observed in winter. Furthermore, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomcota, and Chytridiomycota were the dominant phyla, and Chaetomium, Penicillium, Fusarium, Trichoderma, and Cryptococcus were the dominant genera in the continuous and rotational cropping soil of pineapple, respectively, in both summer and winter. Chytridiomycota at phylum level and Gibberella at genus level were observed in rotational cropping soil; however, Ascomycota at the phylum level and Chaetomium at the genus level were the most abundant fungi, and their abundance dramatically decreased in continuous cropping soil. Redundancy analysis revealed that rotational cropping reduced the correlation between environmental parameters and the fungal community in winter. In addition, several fungal biomarkers were found in Xuwen in both continuous and rotational cropping soil samples, including Sporobolomyces, Aspergillus, Corynascus sp JHG 2007, and Corynascus at the genus level, Penicillium and fungal sp p1s11 at the species level in rotational cropping soil, and ales family Incertae sedis and Sordariomycetes at the class level in continuous cropping soil. These results revealed the changes in the structure and diversity of fungal community in continuous and rotational cropping practices for pineapple cultivation, which may be associated with crop yield and quality.
Development of a Framework for the Efficient Management of Unwanted Fire Alarms in Fire-fighting Facilities
Authors: Hwang Euy-Hong , Choi Han-Bit , Jung Su-Bin , Lee Sung-Eun , Choi Don-Mook
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to develop a framework for efficiently managing unwanted fire alarms in fire-fighting facilities. To this end, as a method of analyzing and considering the actual situation, the unwanted fire alarm management framework for firefighting facilities was developed by checking domestic and foreign factor classification and investigating related standards, the domestic unwanted fire alarms-related statistical status, surveys and fields. The main contents of the unwanted fire alarm management framework are composed of basic information and response, space, device, cause and outcome in five steps and each step is explained as an explanation of the preparation method, step-by-step composition, preparation form and preparation example. To utilize the developed unwanted fire alarm management framework, it was proposed to develop an unwanted fire alarm reduction manual for each stakeholder, use it as educational material for fire safety managers, develop a testing method based on an unwanted fire alarm scenario and develop an evaluation method for performance degradation due to aging.
Expansion of Firefighting Work Area by Improving the Forest Fire Response System in South Korea
Authors: Kim Yong-Ho , Baek Eun-Seon
Published: September 2022

On April 1, 2020, the South Korean Fire Officials Act was revised by unifying the right to appoint fire officials and the class system. Over the past five years, firefighting has expanded large-scale personnel, replaced aging firefighting vehicles and supplied insufficient personal safety equipment, providing conditions for safer and quicker field activities. Furthermore, the scope of work has gradually expanded from firefighting to rescue, emergency, disaster and natural disaster and life safety activities. In particular, based on the lack of firefighting personnel and equipment and on-site command in the Uljin and Samcheok forest fires, which caused property damage of KRW 226.1 billion over 213 h since 1986, a more effective forest fire response system was established that expanded the scope of firefighting by converting the organization and budget operation authority of the Korea Forest Service to a firefighting-led suppression system that the public is aware of.
Seria o estado secularista uma "religião civil"? uma análise crítica da jurisprudência europeia sobre símbolos religiosos no espaço público e os limites da liberdade de crença UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA JURISPRUDÊNCIA EUROPEIA SOBRE SÍMBOLOS RELIGIOSOS NO ESPAÇO PÚBLICO E OS LIMITES DA LIBERDADE DE CRENÇA
Authors:   Faculdade Vale do Jaguaribe, Coelho da Graça Anna Beatryz , Carvalho Mendonça Matheus Thiago ,   Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Published: September 2022

A proposta tem seu foco nos julgados da Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos (CEDH) acerca do uso e da presença de símbolos religiosos no espaço público e tem como objetivo geral verificar em que dimensão o argumento da neutralidade secular(ista), elencado nas decisões, subvenciona a existência de uma “religião civil” e quais os seus impactos sobre as garantias fundamentais das liberdades religiosas. Para tal, avalia-se os fundamentos oferecidos pela CEDH quando da apreciação dos casos Dahlab c. Suíça, Sahin c. Turquia, Lautsi c. Itália e S.A.S c. França. Tal análise é realizada a partir de ampla revisão bibliográfica, com ênfase no conceito de secularismo de Marramao e a religião como bem humano básico em Finnis. Constatou-se um compromisso político secularista manifesto na consolidação de uma “religião civil” em detrimento do direito à livre manifestação religiosa no espaço público.
Awareness of the Role of Anaesthetists and Importance of Preanaesthetic Check-up among Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shetty Lata D , Reddy Kailash Veerareddy
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Patients scheduled to undergo elective surgeries should be assessed, well in advance, by anaesthetists with a view to plan optimal preparations and perioperative management regarding their anaesthetic requirements. Aim: To assess the knowledge of the role of anaesthetists during the perioperative period and the importance of preanesthetic check-up among patients undergoing elective surgery. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Khaja Bandanawaz Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburgi, Karnataka, India, from August 2019 to February 2020. The study involved 300 patients posted to the preanesthetic check-up clinic, over a span of six months for elective surgeries. Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of 17 questions. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Social Science Packages (SPSS) version 16.0 for Microsoft Windows and Excel. Results: A total of 66% (198) patients were males. The mean age of participants was 38.68±10.35 years. Graduates made up 28.6% of the participants, and 44.3% of them either had some schooling (primary or secondary) and the rest 27% did not have any education. Overall, 23% (69) participants had a history of surgery and except one, all received both Preanaesthetic Checkup (PAC) and anaesthesia during their previous surgery. The mean percentage (89.3%) of awareness was highest among the participants with a history of previous surgery (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: The present study concluded that demographic characteristics such as age, sex, occupation, education and residence do not influence the awareness and importance of preanesthetic check-up clinic however, history of previous surgery was statistically significant.
Rural Households’ Participation in MGNREGA Programme of Puducherry
Authors: Harini B. , Anjugam M. , Palanichamy N. Venkatesa , Duraisamy M. R.
Published: September 2022

Aims: The study aimed to identify the factors determining the participation of rural households in the MGNREGA programme of the Puducherry.

Study Design: The study has utilised both purposive and random sampling methods to identify sample districts, sample blocks, sample revenue villages, and sample respondents for interview.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Puducherry and Karaikal districts of Puducherry in the month of July 2022, the data collected pertains to agricultural year 2021-2022.

Methodology: Primary data was used in the study. The main methodology used in identifying the factors determining the participation in MGNREGA programme was Logit Regression. A well- structured interview schedule was used to collect data from the sample respondents. A sample of 120 beneficiaries and 120 non- beneficiaries of the MGNREGA programme were chosen at random and relevant data were collected.

Results: The estimates of the logit regression shows that education, family size, primary occupation, women headed family and possession of livestock are found to be the major determinants of participation. The family size and women headed family positively influence the probability of participation of rural households in MGNREGA programme and are significant at 1% and 5%, respectively. The variables such as education and possession of livestock were found to be significant at 5% level and negatively influencing the probability of participation of rural households in MGNREGA programme. Likewise, the variable primary occupation was found significant at 1% level and negatively influencing the probability of participation of rural households in MGNREGA programme.

Conclusion: The participation of rural households in MGNREGA programme is determined by the factors such as education, family size, primary occupation, women headed families and possession of livestock. Thus, the rural households with low education level, large family size, non- farm worker, women headed family and less possession of livestock are the major characteristics of the rural households which makes them to demand for MGNREGA job.
Community Healthcare Worker’s Social Demographic Factors and Roles Influencing Uptake of Maternal Health Services in Musanze District, Northern Province, Rwanda
Authors: Eric Niyongabo Livingstone , Owino Odongo Alfred , Mogere Dominic
Published: September 2022

Background: Community health workers integrate individuals of their communities to provide preventive, habitual, and emergency maternity healthcare requirements. The aim of this study was to assess Community Health Workers social demographic factors and roles influencing uptake of Maternal Health services in Musanze District, Northern Province, Rwanda.

Methods: The study design used was analytical cross-sectional study design utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods. In this study, a simple random sample approach was employed to choose 208 CHWs and 16 CHW’s supervisors were interviewed for qualitative data (KII). The statistical tool for social sciences (SPSS) Version 26, was utilized to examine the data. Bivariate analysis with Chi-square test of independence was used to check the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Ordinal logistic regression was used as the most suitable inferential statistic because the predictor variables and the dependent were ordinal variables. Qualitative data were analyzed by INVIVO version 10. Community health workers 208 participated in the study and all were female.

Results: This study found that the uptake of maternal health services was regarded as very high. Among those services, deliveries at the Health Facility were at 73.6%, Antenatal care at 65.9%, Family planning at 54.3%, and the rate of Postnatal care was at 45.7%.This study assessed the influence of social demographic factors on uptake of maternal health services, level of education with p* <.001, and working experience p* = .005 were associated with uptake of maternal health services. The study recommends improvement of maternal health services through family planning, health care during pregnancy, post-partum care, with particularly scaling up key motherly health services, regular training and supervision for CHWs. This will help to achieve third goal of SDG 2030 as Good Health and well-being for all People and end up reducing mortality rates in the community unit. The findings of the study will be helpful to Ministry of Health (at District and national level) in taking strategic steps towards reducing mortality rates in the unit and country at large.
Improved Estimators of Population Coefficient of Variation under Simple Random Sampling
Authors: Singh Rajesh , Kumari Anamika
Published: September 2022

In this article, we suggest some novel estimators of population Coefficient of Variation (CV) of the study variable using the known information on an auxiliary variable like population mean and population variance.  Up to the first order of approximation, formulas for the bias and Mean squared Errors (MSE) of the proposed estimators are obtained. The efficiencies of proposed and competing estimators are evaluated by comparing their MSEs. A real and two simulated data sets are used to verify the efficiency conditions. The results showed that the proposed estimators were more efficient than the other existing estimators considered in the study.
Efficacy of Selected Insecticides and Biopesticides against Spotted Pod Borer [Maruca vitrata (Geyer)] on Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
Authors: Arunteja Kudikilla , Tayde Anoorag R.
Published: September 2022

A field trial was conducted at Central Research Farm (CRF), SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh during the Kharif season of 2021. The field was laid in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) replicated thrice with seven treatments. The larval population per plant was taken as the first spray and second spray on one day before spraying and 3rd,7th and 14th day after each spray all the treatments tested and found to significantly reduced the larval population compared to control. The results of the efficacy showed that the mean larval population recorded in the treatment Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC (3.45%), was most effective. The next effective treatments was Spinosad 45 SC (3.70%) followed by Emamectin benzoate (3.80%), Metarihizium anisopliae (4.00%), Neem oil (4.15%), Karanj oil (4.30%) as compared to Control (7.10%). The best and most economical treatment in terms of yield and B: C ratio was Chlorantraniliprole 18.5SC (20.98q/ha and 1:3.99). It was followed by Spinosad 45SC (20.62 q/ha and 1:3.92). Emamectin benzoate 5% SG (17.45 q/ha and 1:3.84), Metarhizium anisopliae (17.01 q/ha and 1:3.83), Neem oil 5% (16.6 q/ha and 1:3.61), Karanj oil 5% (15.13 q/ha and 1:3.46), as compared to control (9.5q/ha and1:2.28).
Antimicrobial Property of Some Ethnobotanicals against Flower Blight of Marigold
Authors: Sahu Hari Prasanna , Sathpathy Rakesh Roshan , Sahoo Kartik Chandra
Published: September 2022

Marigold is infected with more than ten diseases all over the world. Flower blight, caused by Alternaria zinniae, is a severe threat to marigold cultivation in India and Odisha, resulting in economic losses. The research aimed to look at the efficacy of several botanicals that are readily available in in-vi tro circumstances. At 10% and 20% concentrations, eight plant extracts, including Aloe vera, Azadirachta indica, Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Phyllanthus emblica, Withania somnifera, and Ocimum tenuiflorum were tested against the pathogen. At a 10 percent concentration, Allium sativum inhibited mycelial growth the most, with 77.93 percent, followed by Phyllanthus emblica (63.38 percent), and Curcuma longa (53.99 percent). The least inhibited plant was Ocimum tenuiflorum, which showed 1.41 percent inhibition. The result at 20% concentration followed the same result as the 15% concentration. Allium sativum had the highest level of inhibition at 87.32 percent, followed by Phyllanthus emblica (85.92 percent) and Curcuma longa (73.71 percent). Ocimum tenuiflorum had the least inhibition, with 10.80 percent. The presence of Allicin in Allium sativum may explain its effectiveness against marigold flower blight, although more research is needed. Furthermore, the effective plant products against marigold flower blight could be evaluated in the field.
COVID-19 and Comorbidities in Douala, Cameroon
Authors: Loteri Osée , Sobgui Arlette Flore Moguem , Foko Loick Pradel Kojom , Mboussi Wilfried Steve Ndeme , Sike Christiane Medi , Enyegue Elisee Libert Embolo , Mogtomo Martin Luther Koanga
Published: September 2022

Aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) still negatively impacting the world. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of COVID-19 and comorbidities, associated factors, and evaluating the impact of these comorbidities on COVID-19 patients.

Study Design: Cross-sectional hospital-based study.

Place and Duration of Study: From January to March 2022, the present study was conducted at four health facilities in Douala town (Littoral Region, Cameroon).

Methodology: Anthropometric, bioimpedance, physiological, blood and nasopharyngeal samples were used for diagnosing COVID-19, hepatitis B virus, diabetes, obesity and hypertension. SARS-CoV-2 genome were detected by retrotranscriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed with StatView v5 and GraphPad v5.03 software, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: A total of 178 patients, 139 Cameroonian and 39 foreigners, were finally included in the study. Lower COVID-19 vaccination coverage was seen in Cameroonians compared to foreigners (25.2% vs 43.6%, P = .02). No COVID-19 infection cases were found. The overall prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity and HBV was 11.2%, 17.9%, 28.1% and 36.5%, respectively. Nearly 35% of patients were diagnosed with at least two of these comorbidities that significantly impacted on anthropometric, bioimpedance and physiological parameters. The risk of past COVID-infection was increased by 1.06 (95%CI 1.00 – 1.10, P = .03) and 2.81 (95%CI 1.65 – 5.77, P = .04) with one-unit increase in age and BMI, respectively. In contrast, risk of past COVID-19 infection was decreased by 94% (AOR = 0.06, 95%CI 0.01 – 0.76, P = .03) in foreigners compared to Cameroonians.

Conclusion: This study outlines the importance to manage comorbidities in context of COVID-19 in Cameroon. Further studies should be conducted with more documented investigations about their epidemiology and impact on the natural history of COVID-19 in the country.
Influence of Number of Flat Locally-Fabricated Turbine Blades on the Performance of a Simplified Pico Hydropower System
Authors: Edeoja Alex Okibe , Aboje Gertrude Enekole , Lawal Samuel , Ode Kenneth Ede , Ibrahim Jacob S.
Published: September 2022

Five locally fabricated turbines with 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 flat blades were locally fabricated and tested in conjunction with a vertical penstock of diameter 0.0762 m and nozzles of diameters 0.0158, 0.0212, 0.0266, 0.0343 and 0.042 m in a simplified Pico hydropower system. This study is an aspect of an ongoing work aimed at ultimately implementing the system for small power generation. The turbines were mounted at the foot of an overhead reservoir 6.95 m high. A 1.11 kW pump was used to recycle the water downstream of the turbine from an underground reservoir to the overhead reservoir, and a 3.9 kVA alternator used for the on-load tests. The turbine was linked to a 3.9 kVA alternator by a belt drive of pulley ratio of 6:1. The mean rotational speeds of each turbine and alternator shafts, volume of water displaced, and voltage developed were measured for each nozzle diameter. These data were used to compute flow rate, shaft and electrical power, and efficiency for each operation. Dimensionless flow, head and power coefficients as well as specific speed were computed and functional characteristic curves relating plotted. The turbine with 11 blades developed the maximum voltage with the nozzle diameter of 0.042 m and the least voltage for 0.0158 m diameter nozzle. The corresponding estimated power output computed using the manufacturer’s specifications on the alternator was also highest and the mean maximum efficiency based on the estimated power output was 0.4482. This indicates that the larger nozzle diameters combined with the turbine with higher number of flat blades favour beneficial system operation. The results indicate good potential for the system as a simple, environmentally friendly and decentralized small power generation system that can contribute to the current energy mix in Nigeria.
Detection of Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated from Fishes and Shellfishes in Creek Road/Bonny Estuary, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Prisca Aleru Constancy
Published: September 2022

Resistance bacteria may be transferred to humans through the consumption of fishes and shellfishes. Hence, this study characterised E. coli isolates from fishes and shellfishes in Creek Road/Bonny Estuary, with the use of molecular techniques. Seventy two (72) fishes and shellfishes were examined for the presence of E. coli. Most probable number (MPN) technique, Eijkman test and molecular techniques were used for the isolation and identification of E. coli. The analysis was performed seasonally, which was during the end of rainy season (November), start of rainy season (April) and middle of rainy season (July). Eleven (11) isolates of E. coli (randomly selected) recovered from the fishes and shellfishes were screened for resistance genes in the pathgotypes of E. coli (EHEC, EPEC, EAEC, ETEC and EIEC, including SHV, CTX-M, TEM and MCR genes. The results showed that both coliforms and E. coli were recovered from the fishes and shellfishes. The distribution of the resistance genes in the E. coli isolates from fishes and shellfishes is: fishes – SHV (9.5%); CTX-M (11.1%); TEM (7.9%); MCR (0%); str1 and str2 (6.3%); esV and bfA (3.2%); aaiC (7.9%); elt (6.3%); invE (4.7%) and shellfishes - SHV (5.6%); CTX-M (5.6%); TEM (7.4%); MCR (0%); str1 and str2 (3.7%); esV and bfA (0%); aaiC (0%); elt (0%); invE (3.7%). In fishes and shellfishes, the most detected of all the genes are CTX-M and TEM, respectively. The data from this study suggest that fishes and shellfishes can be reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes. These genes can easily be transmitted to humans through the consumption of raw or improperly cooked fishes and shellfishes, creating public health problem.
Where There's a Will …
Authors: Cook Peter
Published: September 2022

Whilst lamenting the passing of so many inspirational and creative voices, Peter Cook can still hear the echoes of a 30‐year period of iconoclasm that was the antecedent and antithesis of the circumspect introspection of architectural design today. Here he celebrates Alsop's achievements and records some shared traits. The power of Alsop's oeuvre is ever‐present for those who occupy and encounter his buildings, and his persona lingers in the air for those who knew him well.
Collaboration and Friendship, Art and Architecture
Authors: McLean Will
Published: September 2022

Will McLean discusses the close bond and respect between his artist father Bruce McLean and Will Alsop, and shares insights into some of their important collaborations. Will McLean had worked as a teenager in Alsop's office, was inspired by him to study at the Architectural Association and subsequently worked on a number of key office projects in the 1990s. He observed first‐hand the creative ethos and free‐ranging discipline that his father and Alsop worked relentlessly – and with unfailing good‐humour – to materialise in projects for buildings, paintings and products.
Back to His Roots: aLL Design – the Legacy of an All‐inclusive Architect
Authors: Rosello Marcos
Published: September 2022

Alsop's last incarnation of architectural practice, aLL Design was co‐founded with Marcos Rosello in 2011. Rosello recounts Alsop's tirelessly hospitable open‐door policy in the studio, which promoted an atmosphere of benevolent multidisciplinary design exploration. The guiding principles the practice carries forward by way of legacy were set out during this period.
Effect of Aluminum Porous Filling Methods on Mechanical Properties of Ordered– Disordered Porous Composite Structures
Authors: Li Jiawen , Bai Yu , Liu Endian , Hao Hai
Published: September 2022

Herein, ordered porous aluminum is prepared using an indirect additive manufacturing method combining selective laser sintering (SLS) and infiltration casting process. Ordered porous aluminum samples with pore sizes of 7, 9, and 11 mm are prepared by varying the structure of the preforms. The pores of three types of ordered porous aluminum are filled with conventional disordered aluminum foam. Besides, ordered–disordered porous aluminum composite structures with two filling methods are designed and prepared. Afterward, the quasi‐static compression test is conducted on the sample, and the microscopic analysis is performed on the compressed sample. The compression and energy absorption properties of the ordered–disordered porous composite structure are investigated according to the test results. The increasing amount of disordered aluminum foam suppresses the deformation. The effect of the filling method on the compressive properties of the samples changes as the pore size varied. Compared with the ordered porous structures, ordered–disordered porous composite structures demonstrate higher compressive strength and energy absorption capacity with significantly higher platform stress.
High Mechanical and Thermal Performance of Insulating Paper Cellulose Modified with Appropriate h‐BN Doping Amount: A Molecular Simulation Study
Authors: Peng Xiao , Su Ziming , Li Chengen , Tang Chao
Published: September 2022

With the improvement of operation requirements of power equipment, the stable operation of insulation of equipment is very important. Among them, insulating paper is one of the main factors affecting the state of equipment. Therefore, it is important to improve the performance of insulating paper. The pure cellulose model and h‐BN/cellulose composite model are established to analyze the improvement of thermal and mechanical properties of insulating paper cellulose. The effects of different contents of h‐BN doping on the properties of cellulose are studied by comparing the mechanical parameters, cohesive energy density, thermal conductivity, mean square displacement, and free volume of cellulose before and after h‐BN doping through molecular dynamics method. The results indicate that the thermal conductivity and thermal stability of cellulose are improved by more than 15% at the h‐BN mass fraction of 2% and 3%, the shear modulus and elastic modulus are enhanced by more than 50%, and the deformation resistance and ductility of the composites are enhanced when the mass fraction of h‐BN is 2%. The doping of h‐BN has an important impact on improving the thermodynamic properties of cellulose, which is of great significance to improving the insulation performance of power equipment and reducing equipment faults.
Transfer‐Tattoo‐Like Cell‐Sheet Delivery Induced by Interfacial Cell Migration
Authors: Park Ju An , Youm Yejin , Lee Hwa‐Rim , Lee Yongwoo , Barron Sarah L. , Kwak Taejeong , Park Gyu Tae , Song Young‐Cheol , Owens Róisín M. , Kim Jae Ho , Jung Sungjune
Published: September 2022

A direct transfer of a cell sheet from a culture surface to a target tissue is introduced. Commercially available, flexible parylene is used as the culture surface, and it is proposed that the UV‐treated parylene offers adequate and intermediate levels of cell adhesiveness for both the stable cell attachment during culture and for the efficient cell transfer to a target surface. The versatility of this cell‐transfer process is demonstrated with various cell types, including MRC‐5, HDFn, HULEC‐5a, MC3T3‐E1, A549, C2C12 cells, and MDCK‐II cells. The novel cell‐sheet engineering is based on a mechanism of interfacial cell migration between two surfaces with different adhesion preferences. Monitoring of cytoskeletal dynamics and drug treatments during the cell‐transfer process reveals that the interfacial cell migration occurs by utilizing the existing transmembrane proteins on the cell surface to bind to the targeted surface. The re‐establishment and reversal of cell polarity after the transfer process are also identified. Its unique capabilities of 3D multilayer stacking, freeform design, and curved surface application are demonstrated. Finally, the therapeutic potential of the cell‐sheet delivery system is demonstrated by applying it to cutaneous wound healing and skin‐tissue regeneration in mice models.
Dynamic Self‐Assembly of Photo‐Reduced Perylene Diimide: Single‐Component White Light Emission from Organic Radicals
Authors: Chatterjee Oendrila , Roy Rupam , Pramanik Anup , Dutta Tanoy , Sharma Vikas , Sarkar Pranab , Koner Apurba Lal
Published: September 2022

White light‐emitting materials have attracted considerable attention in lighting devices and display media. This article reports the first‐ever demonstration of a radical‐based self‐assembly for white light emission. Single‐component white light (SCWL) emitters are more advantageous than multicomponent ones due to better stability, color‐reproducibility, and negligible color aging problem. The present study demonstrates SCWL emission arising out of the dynamic self‐assembly of a photo‐reduced perylene diimide derivative (PF‐BPDI). Photo‐reduction of PF‐BPDI leads to dimerization, forming π‐dimer radical anion. The continued influx of visible light leads to an extended H‐type aggregate formation which further advents the excimer. Simultaneous emission from H‐type aggregate and excimer aids in spanning the entire visible spectral window in solution as well as in polymer‐supported film, realizing pure SCWL emission.
Diterpenbiosynthese aus Geranylgeranyldiphosphat‐Analoga mit veränderter Reaktivität erweitert die Diversität der Skelette
Authors: Li Heng , Dickschat Jeroen S.
Published: September 2022

Zwei Analoga des Diterpenvorläufers Geranylgeranyldiphosphat mit verschobenen Doppelbindungen, genannt iso‐GGPP I und iso‐GGPP II, wurden enzymatisch mit zwölf Diterpensynthasen aus Bakterien, Pilzen und Protisten umgesetzt. Die veränderte Reaktivität der Substratanaloga führte zur Bildung von 28 neuen Diterpenen, von denen viele neuartige Grundgerüste aufweisen.
Termolecular Eley–Rideal pathway for efficient CO oxidation on phosphorene‐supported single‐atom cobalt catalyst
Authors: Baskaran Sambath , Jung Jaehoon
Published: September 2022

Density functional theory calculations are conducted to examine the oxidation of CO on a single Co atom anchored on a two‐dimensional phosphorene monolayer (Co@Pn). The stability of the Co adatom on the Pn monolayer was revealed by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Three plausible pathways for CO oxidation over Co@Pn were explored: Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH), Eley–Rideal (ER), and the recently proposed termolecular Eley–Rideal (TER) mechanisms. The TER pathway has a relatively lower energy barrier for the rate‐determining step (0.55) than those of the LH (0.81) and ER (0.70 eV) pathways. The efficiency of TER pathway can be interpreted by CO‐promoted O2 activation via the effective formation of a five‐membered ring composed of two CO and one O2 molecules. The results open a new avenue for developing phosphorene‐supported non‐noble transition metal single‐atom catalysts for various catalytic applications.
What happens when we incarcerate young children?
Authors: Soto Jessica
Published: September 2022

For children to grow and develop, they need to be nourished by the environment around them. As a society we are aware of this important idea and attempt to fill children's lives with engaging interactions, colorful toys, and novel experiences. Unfortunately, when children make contact with the legal system, this guiding principle often falls by the wayside. Placing children in detention removes nourishing, prosocial exposures from their environment and instead subjects them to negative peer influences and potentially traumatic experiences.
Successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a severe type A hemophiliac patient: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zabihi Fariba , Rahimi Sasan , Ravankhah Moghaddam Khosrow
Published: September 2022

A 37‐year‐old hemophiliac patient with chronic cholecystitis had a successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). With the prescription of 1500 cc of factor VIII concentrate BID, 24 h before the surgery, and 4 days after the surgery, he received an uncomplicated LC and was discharged 48 h after the surgery.
Recurrent primary intracranial synovial sarcoma, a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Manizhe Ataee Kachuee , Mohseni Iman , Sahranavard Alireza , Tabrizi Zhale
Published: September 2022

Synovial sarcoma (SS) occurs in various parts of the body, predominantly in the extremities. It also occurs in organs without synovial structures. The intracranial disease has been reported as metastasis, but primary intracranial SS has been reported rarely. We report a patient with hemiplegia and a mass on the brain CT. Pathology showed SS with no extracranial pathology.
Primary dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the breast: A case report
Authors: Shrestha Suraj , Kharel Sanjeev , Shrestha Aagon Krishna , Khadayat Ramesh , Singh Moushami , Shakya Prafulla
Published: September 2022

Primary breast liposarcoma is an extraordinarily rare breast malignancy. Histological subtypes including dedifferentiated are confirmed after a thorough histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis. Liposarcoma of the breast can mimic other breast lesions. Long‐term follow‐up is needed due to the risk of local recurrence and delayed dedifferentiation.
Case series of nebulizing r‐tPA for COVID‐19 induced acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Amini Shahideh , Labbani‐Motlagh Zohre , Aliannejad Rasoul , Pourabbas Seyed Mohammad , Vasei Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Fibrin deposition in the alveolar spaces during pulmonary involvement of COVID‐19 impairs the O2/CO2 exchange and leads to respiratory symptoms. In this report, Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator (r‐tPA) has been nebulized to 3 critically ill COVID‐19 patients in order to resolve the deposited fibrin while avoiding the risk of bleeding. Based on these observations, nebulization of r‐tPA may be a potential therapeutic approach and new area of research for future studies.
Musculoskeletal pain in children, should we think about neuroblastoma?
Authors: Sadeghi Payman , Habibi Zohreh , Ziaee Vahid
Published: September 2022

A 9‐year‐old girl with progressive right leg pain, distributed to the pelvis and lower spine, diminished muscle force, and tendon reflex, was worked up thoroughly. Thoracolumbar MRI showed a well‐circumscribed homogenous enhanced extradural mass from L3‐L4 to S1. After surgery, a firm extradural mass was resected, and the pathologic finding was a neuroblastoma.
Acetaminophen‐induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome with lethal lung injury: A case report
Authors: Nakamura Ryota , Ochi Fumihiro , Chisaka Toshiyuki , Jogamoto Toshihiro , Eguchi Mariko
Published: September 2022

Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) with respiratory distress can lead to fatal outcomes. However, there are a few reports of drug‐induced lung injury with diffuse alveolar damage caused by acetaminophen, the most severe type. Here, we describe a fatal case of acetaminophen‐induced SJS in a child with irreversible lung lesions.
Competitive Photoisomerization and Energy Transfer Processes in Fluorescent Multichromophoric Systems
Authors: Zhou Yang , Maisonneuve Stéphane , Maurel François , Xie Juan , Métivier Rémi
Published: September 2022

Multichromophoric systems showing both fluorescence and photoisomerization are fascinating, with complex interchromophoric interactions. The experimental and theoretical study of a series of compounds, bearing a variable number of 4‐dicyanomethylene‐2‐tert‐butyl‐6‐(p‐(N‐(2‐azidoethyl)‐N‐methyl)aminostyryl)‐4H‐pyran (DCM) units are reported. The photophysical properties of multi‐DCM derivatives, namely 2DCM and 3DCM, were compared to the single model azido‐functionalized DCM, in the E and Z isomers. The (EE)‐2DCM and (EEE)‐3DCM were synthesized via the click reaction. Steady‐state spectroscopy and photokinetics experiments under UV or visible irradiation indicated the presence of intramolecular energy transfer processes among the DCM units. Homo‐ and hetero‐energy transfer processes between adjacent chromophores were confirmed by fluorescence anisotropy and decays. Molecular dynamics simulations for 2DCM were carried out and analyzed using a Markov state model, providing geometrical parameters (orientation and distance between chromophores) and energy transfer efficiency. This work contributes to a better understanding and rationalization of multiple energy transfer processes occuring within multichromophoric systems.
Current and future approaches in the surgical management of T3b/T4 primary and locoregionally advanced melanoma
Authors: Sondak Vernon K. , Neves Rogerio I. , Wuthrick Evan J. , Messina Jane L. , Khushalani Nikhil I.
Published: September 2022

Lay summary

Currently accepted principles of surgical management—margin width, use of sentinel node biopsy, performance of radical node dissections for node‐positive cases—and some aspects of postoperative management (use of radiation for desmoplastic melanoma primaries and for clinically node‐positive disease) will change in the future with the potential widespread adoption of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies.
Tonotopic differentiation of presynaptic neurotransmitter‐releasing machinery in the auditory brainstem during the prehearing period and its selective deficits in Fmr1 knockout mice
Authors: Yu Xiaoyan , Wang Yuan
Published: September 2022

Tonotopic organization is a fundamental feature of the auditory system. In the developing auditory brainstem, the ontogeny and maturation of neurotransmission progress from high to low frequencies along the tonotopic axis. To explore the underlying mechanism of this tonotopic development, we aim to determine whether the presynaptic machinery responsible for neurotransmitter release is tonotopically differentiated during development. In the current study, we examined vesicular neurotransmitter transporters and calcium sensors, two central players responsible for loading neurotransmitter into synaptic vesicles and for triggering neurotransmitter release in a calcium‐dependent manner, respectively. Using immunocytochemistry, we characterized the distribution patterns of vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) 1 and 2, vesicular gamma‐aminobutyric acid transporter (VGAT), and calcium sensor synaptotagmin (Syt) 1 and 2 in the developing mouse medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). We identified tonotopic gradients of VGLUT1, VGAT, Syt1, and Syt2 in the first postnatal week, with higher protein densities in the more medial (high‐frequency) portion of the MNTB. These gradients gradually flattened before the onset of hearing. In contrast, VGLUT2 was distributed relatively uniformly along the tonotopic axis during this prehearing period. In mice lacking Fragile X mental retardation protein, an mRNA‐binding protein that regulates synaptic development and plasticity, progress to achieve the mature‐like organization was altered for VGLUT1, Syt1, and Syt2, but not for VGAT. Together, our results identified novel organization patterns of selective presynaptic proteins in immature auditory synapses, providing a potential mechanism that may contribute to tonotopic differentiation of neurotransmission during normal and abnormal development.