bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leitura estilística de um soneto da Fênix Renascida
Authors: Saltarelli Thiago
Published: July 2015

Neste trabalho, homenagem ao nonagésimo aniversário da professora Ângela Vaz Leão, empreendemos uma leitura estilística de um soneto da Fênix Renascida, principal cancioneiro da poesia seiscentista portuguesa. A partir da metodologia do círculo filológico, proposta por Leo Spitzer, pela qual se realiza uma contínua passagem das partes ao todo e do todo às partes do texto, procedemos a uma exaustiva análise dos elementos linguísticos do poema, procurando ressaltar seus aspectos conceituais, imaginativos e afetivos, segundo a doutrina de Dámaso Alonso, não, contudo, para ter acesso à personalidade ou delinear o psiquismo do autor, senão para, em consonância mais com as ideias de Karl Vossler, agregar à interpretação elementos das mentalidades e do contexto histórico-cultural do poema. Ao empregar o método estilístico, tão caro à profa. Ângela, visamos à emulação de sua práxis analítica, acreditando assim render-lhe justa homenagem.

En este trabajo, homenaje al nonagésimo cumpleaños de la profesora Ângela Vaz Leão, emprendemos una lectura estilística de un soneto de la Fênix Renascida, principal cancionero de la poesía portuguesa del siglo XVII. A partir de la metodología del círculo filológico propuesta por Leo Spitzer, por la cual se realiza un paso continuo desde las partes al todo y desde el todo a las partes del texto, procedemos a un exhaustivo análisis de los elementos lingüísticos del poema, procurando resaltar sus aspectos conceptuales, imaginativos y afectivos, según la doctrina de Dámaso Alonso, no, sin embargo, para tener acceso a la personalidad o delinear el psiquismo del autor, sino para, en consonancia más con las ideas de Karl Vossler, agregar a la interpretación elementos de las mentalidades y del contexto histórico-cultural del poema. Al emplear el método estilístico, tan estimado por la profa. Ângela, buscamos emular su práxis analítica, creyendo así rendirle justo homenaje.
A dança da ortografia
Authors: Fulgêncio Lúcia , Perini Mário
Published: July 2015

 

A reforma ortográfica de 2009 apresenta vantagens em relação à ortografia anterior? Houve algum ganho, alguma melhoria do ponto de vista linguístico? O presente artigo procura discutir essas questões, a partir da análise das novas regras impostas pela reforma ortográfica de 2009. A conclusão a que se chega é que andamos para trás – ou seja, o suposto “acordo ortográfico” não existe (uma vez que Brasil e Portugal continuam a grafar distintamente várias palavras) e, grosso modo, o sistema ortográfico aprovado em 2009 é pior do que o que estava anteriormente em vigor.

Does the 2009 spelling reform bring any advantage over the previous system, adopted in 1971? Was there any improvement from the linguistic point of view? This article discusses these questions by analyzing the spelling rules established by the 2009 reform, and comes to the conclusion that there was no progress. The so-called “orthographic agreement” (between the Portuguese-speaking countries) does not exist, since the systems used in Brazil and Portugal remain different; and the 2009 spelling system is, on the whole, less adequate than the system previously in use.
Manuscritos
Authors: Júdice Nuno
Published: July 2015

.
Pessoa, filósofo
Authors: Ribeiro Nuno Filipe
Published: July 2015

O presente artigo pretende evidenciar a dimensão filosófica da obra de Fernando Pessoafilosófica da obra de Fernando Pessoa. No espólio de Pessoa encontramos uma multiplicidade de projectos e fragmentos destinados a obras filosóficas que este autor deixou inacabadas e que se constituem como o testemunho do seu interesse pelas mais variadas tradições filosóficas. Assim, através da análise do desenvolvimento dos diversos testemunhos filosóficos póstumos de Pessoa, pretendemos clarificar em que sentido é possível delinear o retrato de Pessoa enquanto filósofo.

This article intends to clarify the philosophical dimension of Fernando Pessoa’s work. In the Pessoa Archive one finds a multiplicity of philosophical projects and fragments, which Pessoa left unfinished and that testify his interest about the several philosophical traditions. Thus, through the analysis of the development of the various philosophical posthumous writings of Pessoa, we intend to outline the portrait of Pessoa as philosopher.
Resenha: TESIO, Giovanni; PENNAROLI, Giulia. (Org.). Lo sguardo offeso: il paesaggio in Italia – storia, geografia, arte, letteratura. Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi. Torino: Centro di Studi Piemontesi / Ca dë Studi Piemontèis, 2011. 396 p.
Authors: Trevizam Matheus
Published: July 2015

.
Resenha: JÚDICE, Nuno. Fórmulas de uma luz inexplicável. 2. ed. Lisboa: Publicações Dom Quixote, 2012. 109p.
Authors: Moreira Wagner
Published: July 2015

.
Contornos da poesia em Nuno Júdice
Authors: Silva Rogério Barbosa da
Published: July 2015

Propõe-se uma leitura da poesia mais recente de Nuno Júdice em Linhas de Água (2000) e Guia de Conceitos Básicos (2010), estabelecendo-se uma relação entre a reflexão sobre os processos da lírica na contemporaneidade e o aproveitamento das experiências do sujeito como matéria poética. Nesse sentido, destacam-se tanto os procedimentos de linguagem quanto as conexões do sonho, da imaginação e de um pensamento sobre as poéticas ocidentais como elementos constituintes de uma lírica singular.

This article intends to accomplish a poetry reading latest Nuno Júdice in Linhas de Água (2000) and Guia de Conceitos Básicos (2010), establishing a link between the processes of reflection on the contemporary and lyrical use of personal experiences subject matter in poetic materialization. Accordingly, we highlight both the language and procedures of the connections of dream, imagination and thinking about the Western poetic traditions as components of a single lyric.
Ponhamos a casa abaixo – o Surrealismo português e sua proposta de renovação da arte e da vida
Authors: Drumond Luana Flavia Cota
Published: July 2015

O tardio Surrealismo português - década de 1940 - significou uma revolução na cultura lusitana e no próprio movimento, surgido na França dos anos 1920. Em Portugal, o momento histórico ajudou a moldar uma ação surrealista polêmica, escandalosa e com repertório próprio. Ler a poesia desse movimento é essencial para compreender o papel que teve a vanguarda na transformação da sociedade e da cultura portuguesas.

Le tardif Surréalisme portugais - décennie 1940 - a signifié une révolution dans la culture portugaise et dans le propre mouvement surgit dans la France les années 1920. Au Portugal, le moment historique a aidé mouler une action surréaliste polémique, scandaleuse et avec un répertoire propre. Lire la poésie de cette mouvement est essentiel pour comprendre le rôle qui l’avant-garde avait dans la transformation de la société et de la culture portugaises.
Resenha: CABRAL, Rui Pires. A Super-Realidade. Lisboa: Língua Morta, 2011. 40 p.
Authors: Osório Julia Telésforo
Published: July 2015

Resenha: CABRAL, Rui Pires. A Super-Realidade. Lisboa: Língua Morta, 2011. 40 p.
Figuras de uma história e de uma geografia incessantemente reinventadas na ficção de António Lobo Antunes
Authors: Faria Ângela Beatriz De Carvalho
Published: July 2015

A leitura de Comissão das Lágrimas (2011), de António Lobo Antunes e de uma entrevista concedida à SIC, pelo autor, por ocasião da publicação do romance, aliada a algumas reflexões críticas de Gilles Delleuze, Maria Alzira Seixo, Jô Babanyi, Marilena Chauí, Nelson Brissac Peixoto e outros, permite-nos tecer, neste ensaio, algumas conjecturas, tais como: Qual teria sido o objetivo de Lobo Antunes, ao reencenar resíduos ou fragmentos de um determinado fato histórico questionável, ocorrido em Angola, no período da pós-independência de Portugal?; De que maneira a ficção referida revela uma estratégia contemporânea de desrealização narcísica, ao sucumbir a um poder mágico de simulação e de projeção de imagens, retidas na memória de determinadas personagens?; Por que podemos afirmar que há um canto fantasmático a vencer a morte, assinalado por “jardins suspensos”, em meio a “flores do Inferno”? De que maneira o leitor, ao sentir-se refletido especularmente na ficção, não se descobrirá, também, uma “figura de uma história e de uma geografia incessantemente reinventadas”?

 

La lecture de Comissão das Lágrimas (2011), d’António Lobo Antunes et d’une entrevue donnée à SIC, par l’auteur, à cause de la publication du roman, alliée à quelques réflexions critiques de Gilles Deleuze, Maria Alzira Seixo, Jô Babanyi, Marilena Chauí, Nelson Brissac Peixoto et d’autres, nous permet de tisser, en cet essai, quelques conjectures, comme: Quelle aurait été l’objectif de Lobo Antunes, à rejouer des résidus ou des fragments d’un fait historique discutable et particulier qui a eu lieu en Angola dans la période de postindépendance du Portugal?; De quelle manière la fiction référée révèle une stratégie contemporaine de dé-réalisation narcissique de succomber sous le pouvoir magique de simulation et de projection des images, retenues dans la mémoire des déterminés personnages?; Pourquoi ne pouvons-nous dire qu’il y a un chant fantomatique de vaincre la mort, marqué par “jardins suspendus”, parmi “fleurs de l’Enfer”? De quelle manière le lecteur, à se sentir réfléchi de façon spéculaire dans la fiction, ne se découvrira pas aussi une“figure d’une histoire et d’une géographie réinventée constamment”?
A quem pertencem as luvas? Reflexões sobre o relato Que cavalos são aqueles que fazem sombra no mar?, de António Lobo Antunes
Authors: Bylaardt Cid Ottoni
Published: July 2015

Este texto se propõe comentar os desacertos, idas e vindas, desvios, esquecimentos, lacunas que compõem a escritura instigante de Lobo Antunes no romance Que cavalos são aqueles que fazem sombra no mar?, bem como indagar sobre a estrutura do relato, seu (in-) acabamento, sua ausência de saídas, de seus movimentos e deslocamentos do outro lado da morte e da compreensão.

Cet article a le but d’examiner des erreurs, des tours et des détours, des déviations, des omissions et des lacunes qui sont à l’intérieur de l’écriture instigatrice de Lobo Antunes dans le roman Que cavalos são aqueles que fazem sombra no mar?, et aussi mettre en relief la structure de la narration, l’(in-) achèvement, le manque de sorties, les mouvements et les déplacements de l’autre côté de la mort et de la compréhension.
“Olhos lavados nas quatro estações”: Ruy Belo e a tradição sazonal
Authors: Sasaki Leonardo De Barros
Published: July 2015

O presente texto busca mapear e analisar as representações das estações do ano na poesia de Ruy Belo dentro de uma longa “tradição sazonal” – que inclui Ovídio, Sá de Miranda, Camões, Keats, Baudelaire etc.. Reportando-se a essa tradição, este ensaio propõe-se observar a) como as convenções alegóricas são evocadas, deslocadas e renovadas; e b) de que maneira Ruy Belo as trabalha para meditar não apenas acerca da passagem do tempo e da morte, mas igualmente sobre o próprio fazer poético.

This essay seeks to map and analyze the representations of the seasons in the poetry of Ruy Belo within a long “seasonal tradition” – which includes Ovid, Sá de Miranda, Camões, Keats, Baudelaire etc. Referring to this tradition, this paper proposes to observe a) how allegorical conventions are evoked, displaced and renewed; and b) how Ruy Belo uses them not only to meditate on the passage of time and death, but also on his own poetry.
Poética da sacada: do corpo ao caco contemporâneo
Authors: Marques Pedro
Published: July 2015

A poética da sacada é das linhagens decisivas da poesia brasileira em décadas. Até quem evita, não raro propõe saídas a ela. Como achado de pensamento ou de linguagem, a sacada deriva da alteração provocada por toda figura retórica na língua corrente. Como operação radical com valor em si conecta-se a rupturas perpetradas por vanguardas, no caso, modernistas e concretistas. Pela quantidade e variedade de publicações, de tons humorísticos aos filosóficos, trata-se da vertente dominante, cujos usos, rigorosos ou facilitadores, privilegiam a sacada como unidade ante-poema, ante-livro. Procuro, assim, distinguir o procedimento, enquanto engrenagem de uma máquina de técnicas e sentidos, do mero truque, isto é, “uma ideia na cabeça, um teclado nas mãos”.

The poetic insight is one of the strong features of Brazilian poetry in decades. Even those poets who are not of this lineage, sometimes propose alternatives to it. An insight, as invention of thought or language, arises from any rhetorical figure that causes some change in current language.As a radical action, with value itself, it connects to breaks conducted by the vanguards, in the Brazilian case, modernists and concretists.In quantity and variety of publications, from the funnier to the more philosophical, the poetic insightis the dominant line, their rigorous or facilitators practices prefer the insight as an unit-poetic in place of the poem or book. So here, I try to distinguish the procedure, as cogs in a techniques machine and meanings, from de simple trick, in fact, “idea in mind, keyboard in hands”.
A verdade de palavra em Yves Bonnefoy e Marceline Desbordes-Valmore
Authors: Machado Guacira Marcondes
Published: July 2015

Neste texto, procura-se expor o estudo crítico , realizado por Yves Bonnefoy, da poesia de Marceline Desbordes-Valmore. Nele, ao mesmo tempo em que faz uma análise da obra da poeta do romantismo francês, Bonnefoy dá a conhecer suas próprias posições em relação ao ato poético.

Ce texte cherche à montrer l’étude critique réalisée par Yves Bonnefoy de la poésie de Marceline Desbordes-Valmore. En même temps qu’il fait une analyse de l’oeuvre de la poète du romantisme français, Bonnefoy fait connaître ses positions mêmes en ce qui concerne l’acte poétique.
Reverberações do luto ou acerca da morte em família
Authors: Kanzepolsky Adriana
Published: July 2015

A partir da leitura de “Kaddish”, poema central de O gueto (2003), de Tamara Kamenszain, cujo refrão se pergunta insistentemente “O que é um pai?”, o presente trabalho lê a persistência dessa figura e as diversas modulações – literais e metafóricas – que a mesma adquire em O eco da minha mãe (2010) e La novela de la poesia (2012), livros em que, também, o sujeito lírico constrói um luto e indaga sobre a possibilidade que a poesia tem de falar sobre a morte. Lemos, pontualmente, como a construção do luto reverbera entre um livro e outro.

A partir de la lectura de “Kaddish”, poema central de El ghetto (2003) de Tamara Kamenszain, cuyo estribillo se pregunta insistentemente “¿Qué es un padre?”, el presente trabajo leer la persistencia de esta figura y las diversas modulaciones –literales y metafóricas- que la misma adquiere en El eco de mi madre (2010) y La novela de lapoesía (2012), poemario sen los que también el sujeto lírico construye un luto e indaga acerca de la posibilidad que tiene lapoesía de decir la muerte. Leemos, puntualmente, cómo la construcción del luto reverbera entre un libro y otro.
O ruim e as ruínas Sobre Punctum, de Martín Gambarotta
Authors: Cámara Mario
Published: July 2015

O artigo propõe-se a analisar, segundo um enfoque comparatista, a poesia de Martin Gambarota, jovem poeta argentino.

This paper examines, from a comparative approach, the poetry of Martín Gambarotta, a young argentine poet.
Resenha: PEIXOTO, José Luís. Livro. 1ª edição. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2012. 283 p.
Authors: Pereira Patricia Resende
Published: July 2015

Resenha: PEIXOTO, José Luís. Livro. 1ª edição. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2012. 283 p.
Modos diversos de atingir a Índia: gêneros literários e descontinuidade
Authors: Ricieri Francine Weiss
Published: July 2015

Publicado em 2010, Uma viagem à Índia: melancolia contemporânea (um itinerário), de Gonçalo M. Tavares, é um poema narrativo, com 10 seções denominadas “cantos”, que se organiza, entre outros aspectos, por analogias formais com Os Lusíadas, para mencionar apenas um dos livros com que dialoga. Além de cada canto da obra contemporânea conter o exato número de estâncias presentes no poema de Luís de Camões, discernem-se outras aproximações, em diversos níveis, o que parece permitir supor que o modo de produção de sentidos do poema mais recente possa ser entendido como relacional. O objetivo desta exposição é discutir o modo como se abre o poema contemporâneo, em cujo subtítulo delineia-se um itinerário, ancorado no termo “melancolia”. Esboçam-se, ainda, alguns movimentos de análise da poética que acompanharia o projeto ficcional do livro, bem como das peculiaridades e das indefinições de gênero literário de Uma viagem à Índia (que dialoga com a tradição épica, com a tradição do poema narrativo dos séculos XIX e XX, bem como com produções romanescas como o Ulisses, de James Joyce). Como esse livro especificamente pode contribuir com redimensionamentos de tais tradições é questão não alheia à discussão.

Gonçalo M. Tavares has published, in 2010, a book entitled Uma viagem à Índia: melancolia contemporânea (um itinerário). This narrative poem is organized in 10 sections called “cantos”,showing a great amount of evidences of formal parallelism with Os Lusíadas (Camões´epic), among other dialogues with tradition (James Joyce´s Ulysses and also the greek ancestor and formal model, Odyssey). The proposal of this paper is to discuss how and in what measure those parallelisms may suggest relacional reading strategies. It should be considered, in addition, the subtitle of the book: “melancolia contemporânea (um itinerário)”. In addition, it will be added some appointments about a certain poetic that organizes the contemporary book, as well as some short reflexions about gender indefinitions in the same book (that evokes elements taken from epic tradition, narrative poem tradition as well as Romanesque tradition). How could this book specifically contribute to reconstruct or not such traditions is not a question strange to this proposal.
Agustina Bessa-Luís entre mitos brasileiros
Authors: Silva Odalice De Castro
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho propõe uma discussão acerca das migrações de escritores, de travessias e de deslocamentos entre Portugal e Brasil, em especial na formação e na trajetória literária e intelectual de Agustina Bessa-Luís (1922-), tomando, por base de reflexão, categorias como cânone, por Harold Bloom (1991), paratopia, segundo Dominique Maingueneau (2005), errância, para Mauro Maldonato (2004), e os fundamentos da nova historiografia literária, por José Luis Jobim, como tradição e origem (1994). A proposta de reflexão será desenvolvida a partir do discurso que a escritora portuguesa proferiu em 1989, no Rio de Janeiro, na Academia Brasileira de Letras, como parte de seus compromissos, juntamente com outros intelectuais, da viagem que compreendeu vários estados brasileiros, conforme está registrado em Breviário do Brasil (1991), escrito após seu retorno a Portugal.
 This paper proposes a discussion about migration of writers, crossings and displacements between Portugal and Brazil, particularly in the education and literary and intellectual history of Agustina Bessa-Luís (1992-), based on reflection, categories such as canon by Harold Bloom (1991), paratopia according to Maingueneau Dominique (2005), errância to Mauro Maldonato (2004), and the foundations of new literary historiography, by José Luis Jobim, as tradition and origin (1994). The proposed reflection will be developed from the speech that the portuguese writer gave in 1989, in Rio de Janeiro, in the Academia Brasileira de Letras, as part of its commitments, along with other intellectuals, the journey which comprised several brazilian states, as it is recorded in Breviário do Brasil (1991), written after her return to Portugal.
Herberto Helder: electronicolírica fazse contra a carne e o tempo
Authors: Furlan Stélio
Published: July 2015

A justaposição dos excertos Electronicolírica e faz-se contra a carne e o tempo no título deste trabalho sugere um modus operandi caro à poética de Herberto Helder: a tessitura combinatória. Trata-se de um estudo sobre a poesia experimental herbertiana, que privilegia a investigação do ludismo combinatório de uma escritura não avessa à consistência estrutural, mote para a reflexão sobre instrumentos de criação e processos compositivos acionados pelo / no espaço cibernético.

The juxtaposition of the excerpts “Electronicolírica” and “faz-se contra a carne e o tempo” on the title of this work suggest a modus operandi precious to the poetics of Herberto Helder: the combinatory texture. It is a study of the herbertian experimental poetry that privileges the investigation of a ludic combinatory of a writing not averse to a structural consistency, motto for reflection about instruments of creation and combinatory processes activated by/on the cybernetic space.
Poema-mundo: corpo-poema
Authors: Jesus Dulcirley De
Published: July 2015

Entre os poemas de Herberto Helder em que há uma certa ênfase à relação entre as noções de mundo, de corpo e de linguagem, merece destaque Do mundo (2006), publicado pela primeira vez em 1978. Nele, há referências tanto a um mundo em gênese e formação quanto a um corpo orgânico que se move em seus processos de metamorfose. Todavia, tais imagens são produtos de uma construção que se dá por referências inconcretas. Estas, por sua vez, no devir de uma linguagem que irradia significações, enfeixam-se em um movimento de convergência que resulta em imagens como: o “corpo-poema”, ou o “poema-corpo”, e o “mundo-poema”, ou o “poema/mundo”; ou ainda o corpo-mundo-poema. Tais blocos de imagens materializam-se na poesia de Herberto Helder pelos processos de fusões, transmutações e de metamorfoses porque passam a linguagem, o que ocorre na mesma medida em que as palavras tornam-se coisa, corpo, mundo; corpo-mundo naquilo que esses espaços possuem de afinidade, como reitera Maffei: “Um profundo vitalismo, assim, faz a ‘imagem’ possuir características de corpos vivos e do próprio universo, por sua vez também um corpo vivo.”1 Apesar da existência de uma comunicação intensa entre essas imagens nas duas obras, daremos ênfase, neste artigo, à leitura de Do mundo e sua relação com o espaço que lhe é homônimo com a palavra poética, já que, como é sugerido pelo próprio título, esse poema confere um tratamento especial à relação entre nome e coisa, palavra e realidade, linguagem e mundo.

Among Herberto Helder’s poems that have emphasis in relation between the notions of world, body and language, the book Do mundo (2006), first published in 1978, deserves our attention. In this book, we could find references such in a world in genesis and formation as to a organic body that moves in their metamorphoses processes. However, these images are products of a construction that is not given by concrete references. These, in turn, in devir of a language that radiate meanings, reunites in a convergence movement that results in images such as: “body-poem”, or “poem-body”, and the “world-poem” or the “poem/ world”; or the body-world-poem. Such image blocks are materialized in the poetry of Herbert Helder by mergers process, transmutations and metamorphosis because they transpose the language, which occurs to the same extent that the words become thing, body, world; body-world in which these spaces have affinity, as Maffei reiterates: “A deep vitalism, thus, makes the ‘image’ possess characteristics of living bodies and the universe, itself, turns also a living body”. Despite the existence of an intense communication between these images in both works, we will emphasize, in this article, the reading of Do Mundo and its relation with the namesake space with the poetic word, remembering, as suggested by the title itself, this poem gives special treatment to the relation between name and thing, word and reality, language and world.
Um serviço de poesia: o Ofício e as Servidões de Herberto Helder
Authors: Farra Maria Lúcia Dal
Published: July 2015

O ensaio examina, segundo uma perspectiva comparatista, a
poesia do poeta português Herberto Helder.

This paper examines, from a comparative approach, the poetry
of Herberto Helder, a Portuguese poet.
EUPATI: Collaboration between patients, academia and industry to champion the informed patient in the research and development of medicines
Authors: Pushparajah Daphnee S , Geissler Jan , Westergaard Niels
Published: July 2015

The value of collaborations and partnerships between different stakeholders to achieve optimum outcomes in the medicines research and development process is being recognised. Historically, there has been a lack of collaboration with patients and many research consortiums consisting mainly of academia and/or industry partners. Although patient experts are able to bring valuable first-hand experience and insights, they might not possess detailed knowledge about medicines research and development to actively participate in the collaboration process. The European Patients’ Academy on Therapeutic Innovation (EUPATI) was established to deliver training to patient experts, and education resourcesto patient advocates and members of the health-interested public across Europe. EUPATI was launched in February 2012 and is a patient-led Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) project, with a multi-stakeholder consortium of patient advocates, academia, industry and not-for-profit organisations. Training and educational materials will be used for capacity building among patients, for educating patient advocates and for informing the health-interested public. The successful uptake of EUPATI’s materials will hopefully translate into a new paradigm of increased patient involvement across the entire medicines research and development process, bringing mutual benefits, including better medicines, to all stakeholders.
Experimental evidence and 43 years of monitoring data show that food limits reproduction in a food‐caching passerine
Authors: Derbyshire Rachael , Strickland Dan , Norris D. Ryan
Published: July 2015

Several species of birds and mammals overcome periods of scarcity by caching food, but for the vast majority of species, it is virtually unknown whether they are food limited during these periods. The Gray Jay (Perisoreus canadensis) is a boreal‐resident, food‐caching passerine that breeds in late winter when fresh food is scarce. Using a two‐year experiment and 43 years of monitoring data, we examined the food limitation hypothesis in a population of Gray Jays in Algonquin Park, Ontario, Canada, that has declined by over 50% in the last three decades. Breeding pairs that were experimentally food supplemented during the pre‐breeding period laid eggs earlier in the season and had larger brood sizes than non‐supplemented controls. From the long‐term data, we found strong evidence that pairs that were regularly supplemented by the public (park visitors) tended to lay eggs earlier and have larger clutches and brood sizes compared to pairs that were not supplemented. Nestling body condition (mass controlled for body size) was not influenced by either experimental or public food supplementation. Our results support the hypothesis that Gray Jays are food limited during their late‐winter breeding period and suggest that warmer fall temperatures, which have been hypothesized to lead to cache spoilage, may have a significant impact on reproductive success in this declining population. Moreover, our results contribute to understanding how public feeding can influence the fitness of wild animals.
Effect of Non‐Surgical Periodontal Treatment on Clinical and Biochemical Risk Markers of Cardiovascular Disease: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Hada Divya Singh , Garg Subhash , Ramteke Girish B. , Ratre Madhu Singh
Published: July 2015

Background: Various studies have shown periodontal disease is one of the risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), and periodontal treatment of patients with CHD has also been correlated with reduction in systemic markers of CHD. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of non‐surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) on the cardiovascular clinical and biochemical status of patients with CHD.

Methods: Seventy known patients with CHD were allocated randomly to either a control group (C; no periodontal therapy) (n = 35) or an experimental group (E; NSPT in the form of scaling and root planing [SRP]) (n = 35). Cardiovascular status was assessed using clinical parameters such as pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure (BP), and biochemical parameters, such as high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP), lipid profile, and white blood cell (WBC) count, at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were performed using Student t test, and P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The complete data at the end of the study were provided by only 55 patients (group C, n = 25; group E, n = 30). Highly statistically significant reduction was observed in systolic BP (7.1 mm Hg) and very‐low‐density lipoproteins (VLDLs; 5.16 mg/dL) in group E. Changes were also observed in other cardiovascular biochemical and clinical parameters but were not statistically significant.

Conclusions: NSPT (in the form of SRP) positively affects limited cardiovascular (clinical and biochemical) status of patients with CHD. Reduction in triglyceride, VLDL, total WBC, lymphocyte, and neutrophil counts and increase in hsCRP, total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein, and low‐density lipoprotein levels were observed. Highly significant reduction in VLDL cholesterol levels and systolic BP was observed among the various parameters measured.
Corn Residue Management Strategies to Improve Soybean Yield in Northern Climates
Authors: Vanhie Michael , Deen William , Bohner Horst , Hooker David C.
Published: July 2015

Many soybean [Glycine max (Merr.)] growers in northern climates are reverting back to some tillage based on perceptions that increasing corn residues interfere with no‐till (NT) soybean performance. Field trials were established in southern Ontario, Canada, to investigate the impact of corn residues on soybean among seven tillage strategies (NT, stalk chop, vertical tillage (VT) twice in the fall, fall and spring VT, fall disc plus spring cultivate, fall disc plus fall cultivate, and fall plowed plus spring cultivate), three corn residue removal treatments (none, intermediate, and nearly complete), and two planters (row‐unit and drill). Overall, soybean yields were not different between NT and plowed systems, despite delayed development, and cooler/wetter seedbeds where corn residue was not removed. Shallow tillage after corn harvest did not increase yields from NT alone. Removal of corn residue did not increase soybean yields when averaged across tillage systems. However, NT yield was lowered by 0.36 Mg ha−1 when corn stalks were chopped in the fall, but only in the drill‐planted treatments. This result was significant since many farmers have purchased corn combine heads that chop stalks in an attempt to manage residue. Soybean planted with a row‐unit planter yielded 0.13 Mg ha−1 higher compared to a drill when averaged across tillage‐residue treatments; differences between planters were higher when contending with high amounts of corn residue or an uneven soil surface at planting. Our results show that shallow tillage and/or physically removing corn residue did not improve soybean yield compared to NT alone.
Soil Hydraulic Parameters of Bare Soil Plots with Different Soil Structure Inversely Derived from L‐Band Brightness Temperatures
Authors: Dimitrov M. , Vanderborght J. , Kostov K.G. , Debecker B. , Schulze Lammers P. , Damerow L. , Vereecken H.
Published: July 2015

The structure of the surface layer of the soil is strongly influenced by soil tillage practices, with important consequences for the hydraulic properties and soil moisture dynamics in the top soil layer. In this study, during four 28‐d periods, we monitored L‐band brightness temperatures and infrared (IR) temperatures over bare silt loam soil plots with different soil surface structure: tilled, seedbed, and compacted plots. Differences in absolute and normalized L‐band brightness temperatures between the plots indicated that plot specific roughness, soil moisture contents, and soil hydraulic properties might be inverted from L‐band brightness temperatures using a coupled radiative transfer, roughness correction, and soil hydrological model. The inversely estimated surface roughness parameters compared well with those derived from laser profiler measurements. The estimated saturated water contents of the tilled and seedbed plots were larger than the one of the compacted plot, and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was smaller in the former plots than in the compacted plot for more negative pressure heads. These differences in hydraulic properties translated into larger dynamics of the simulated soil moisture during a 28‐d measurement period in the tilled and seedbed plots than in the compacted plot. This difference could be confirmed qualitatively but not quantitatively by in situ soil moisture measurements. Furthermore, differences in simulated actual evaporation rates between the plots were confirmed by observed differences in measured IR temperatures. The results indicate that effects of soil management on soil surface roughness and soil hydraulic properties could be inferred from L‐band brightness temperatures.
Optimal planning of water and wastewater management infrastructure for insular areas: the role of water reuse
Authors: Gikas Petros , Liu Songsong , Papageorgiou Lazaros G. , Konstantopoulou Flora
Published: July 2015

The present article estimates the financial benefits of water reuse by calculating the annualised total cost of water and wastewater management, using mixed integer linear programming. The programme is using as input: geographical data, population distribution, and groundwater availability (for a given area), to calculate the qualitative localised water needs, and to estimate the sizes and locations of water and wastewater management infrastructure, so as to minimise the relative annualised total cost (capital and operating). The programme is used to calculate the optimum water and wastewater infrastructure (and the relative annualised water and wastewater management cost), with and without the option for water reclamation and reuse. One case study is presented for the Greek islands of Santorini and Thirasia. The proposed model has showed significant computational benefit, compared with previous models. Thus, for Santorini–Thirasia Islands, the total annualised cost for optimum water and wastewater management infrastructures, with water reclamation, has been calculated as $2,153,694, while the above cost has been calculated as 19% higher, if water reclamation is not an option. It is obvious from the computational results that water reuse can reduce significantly the total water and wastewater management cost.
Human health risk assessment related to blue-green algae mass development in the Kuibyshev Reservoir
Authors: Nikitin O. V. , Stepanova N. Yu. , Latypova V. Z.
Published: July 2015

Health risk assessment related to water quality and microcystin contamination of water in the Kuibyshev Reservoir was conducted in August 2012 during the period of algal bloom. The health risk during recreational activity was estimated for potential exposure to extracellular microcystins. Microcystin content in water measured by the indirect competitive ELISA method was in the range from 0.21 to 26.96 μg L−1. The results of the present study show that the health risk can reach a dangerous level even at 1 h of exposure due to the high concentration of extracellular microcystins in the water.
Performance indicators for water supply management
Authors: Ermini Ruggero , Ataoui Rafet , Qeraxhiu Lydra
Published: July 2015

In the present study specific performance indicators are proposed that express the level of service of a water system subjected to varying operating conditions over time. The proposed methodology has been applied to a specific case study (Sinni water supply system in Basilicata – Italy) to demonstrate the real applicability of the proposed performance analysis that could be very useful to support the monitoring and the management activities.
Effect of NaCl on antimony and phthalate compounds leached from PET bottles
Authors: Leechart Piyawan , Inthorn Duangrat , Thiravetyan Paitip
Published: July 2015

Nowadays polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles are commonly used as food containers as they are lightweight. PET bottles contain antimony (Sb) and phthalate compounds. In contact with food, antimony and phthalate molecules could migrate from the inner surface of a PET bottle to the food. Therefore, we studied the effect of NaCl concentration in PET bottles on the leakage of antimony and phthalates. It was found that the concentration of antimony leached into the solution was about 6 ngl−1 after 5 days storage at room temperature in the absence of NaCl. Increasing NaCl concentrations to 6% caused a decrease in the amount of soluble antimony in the solution to 2 ngl−1 under the same conditions. In addition, the maximum leakage of phthalate compounds of about 130 ngl−1 occurred after 35 days of storage at 60 °C in 0.1% NaCl. It was found that the leakage of phthalate compounds decreased at higher NaCl concentrations (NaCl 0.5%–30%). Higher NaCl concentrations led to a decrease in the migration of antimony and phthalate compounds into the solution. This might be due to the fact that antimony and phthalate compounds form complexes with NaCl. However, the leakage of these compounds was lower than the standard guidelines of the United States Environmental Protection Agency for drinking water.
Analysis and assessment of confined and phreatic water quality using a rough set theory method in Jilin City, China
Authors: Huang He , Liang Xiujuan , Xiao Changlai , Wang Zhong
Published: July 2015

In groundwater quality assessments it is easier and more effective to reduce the number of parameters included in water quality indices. A total of 20 quaternary loose rock pore water and tertiary clastic rock cranny pore water data sets were used for Jilin City, China, as basic data, and 10 water quality parameters were selected for reduction using rough set theory and a statistical analysis of groundwater quality. Results showed that the quality of confined water was better than that of phreatic water in the study area. Confined water was of good quality, and met the permissible limits of the Quality Standards for Groundwater of China, with the exception of NH4+ and F−. For phreatic water, the five parameters of total dissolved solids, NH4+, NO2−, Fe, and F− exceeded the permissible limits, with levels of NH4+ and Fe having a 70% and 40% rate of exceedance, respectively. The results indicated that water evaluation before and after attribute reduction was consistent, which suggests that through rough set theory redundant parameters in indices were eliminated but the accuracy of water quality classification remained effective, while the complexity of the calculation was reduced. Rough set theory provides a convenient and appropriate way to manage large amounts of water quality data.
Assessment of the water quality of the Seybouse River (north-east Algeria) using the CCME WQI model
Authors: Rachedi Lamia Hachemi , Amarchi Hocine
Published: July 2015

This paper aims to assess the surface water quality of the Seybouse River using a model of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI). The study area is located in the basin of the lower Seybouse River, north-east Algeria. The method involved the calculation of the WQI, based on the measurement of bacteriological and physico-chemical parameters. Water samples were collected from 13 sampling stations; observing the river and its most important tributary. The analysis of these samples showed that the water index of the river ranked as poor. The degradation of water quality of the river is mainly due to the lack of control over discharged materials and lack of water treatment.
40 years on: what do we know about drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) and human health?
Authors: Hrudey Steve E. , Fawell John
Published: July 2015

2014 marks the 40th anniversary of the seminal discovery by Johannes Rook, in 1974, that trihalomethanes (THMs) were formed by the chlorination of natural organic matter (NOM) in drinking water. Since this discovery, which revolutionized how we viewed drinking water safety and quality, hundreds of other classes of disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been discovered. The finding in 1976 by the US National Cancer Institute that chloroform, the dominant THM, was a rodent carcinogen spurred a large number of epidemiology and toxicology studies into chlorinated drinking water. In 1985, this cancer finding was shown to be wrong. We should now be asking: What do we know about the human health impacts of DBPs in drinking water? Bladder cancer has been the most consistent finding from epidemiologic studies in North America and Europe and the possibility that chlorinated drinking water contributes an increased risk of bladder cancer remains a viable hypothesis. Despite some recent improvements in exposure assessments to focus on inhalation and dermal exposures rather than ingestion, no causal agent with sufficient carcinogenic potency has been identified, nor has a mechanistic model been validated. Consequently, a sensible precautionary approach to managing DBPs remains the only viable option based on four decades of evidence.
Effect of oxygen deprivation on treatment processes in a full-scale drinking water biofilter
Authors: Søborg D. A. , Breda I. L. , Ramsay L.
Published: July 2015

Dissolved oxygen is critical for proper operation of waterworks that utilize anaerobic groundwater and rely on biofilters to remove iron, manganese and ammonium. In these biofilters, planned or inadvertent oxygen deprivation may occur for a variety of reasons. The water quality effects of oxygen deprivation on the function of drinking water biofilters, however, have not previously been reported. In this study, a 5-day oxygen deprivation period in full-scale biofilters was found to affect iron, manganese and ammonium concentrations differently. During the oxygen deprivation period, iron continued to be removed, although a greater depth of filter media was required to carry out the removal. Manganese oxide in filter media was mobilized, causing manganese water concentrations to increase well above raw water levels. The ammonium in the raw water passed through the biofilters unchanged, indicating the dependence of nitrification microorganisms on oxygen as their sole electron acceptor. Stringent national drinking water criteria were exceeded during the deprivation period but were once again met within hours after oxygenation was recommenced. Manganese and nitrite recovery to pre-deprivation concentrations, however, required days. The results illustrate the interdependence of treatment parameters and provide valuable practical information to waterworks that experience or plan oxygen stoppage.
Continuous treatments of synthetic groundwater by an in situ denitrification and oxidation process with injection of electrolytic hydrogen and oxygen
Authors: Ye Jian , Kiga Akane , Naito Katsuki , Cong Vo Huu , Sakakibara Yutaka
Published: July 2015

Long-term continuous treatments of synthetic groundwater containing 15.06 ± 0.55 mg-N/L nitrate were conducted using an in situ denitrification and oxidation process under different operating conditions. In the experiments, electrolytic hydrogen and oxygen were injected upstream and downstream in a laboratory-scale aquifer, respectively, and measurements were made for nitrate, nitrite, pH, dissolved oxygen, dissolved hydrogen, total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity, and chromaticity. Experimental results demonstrated that steady-state denitrification and oxygenation of groundwater were achieved over 820 days. During the initial phase of the experiments, nitrite was accumulated at a level of several mg-N/L in a hydrogen-injected zone, but it was almost completely oxidized to nitrate in a downstream oxygen-injected zone. In subsequent experiments, nitrite accumulation was not observed in effluent, and satisfactory treatments were achieved. Effluent concentrations of total nitrate and nitrite, TOC, turbidity, and chromaticity were generally below World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water (11.3 mg-N/L). It should be mentioned that water quality parameters such as TOC, turbidity, and chromaticity were lower in effluent than influent, and no clogging problem was observed. From these results, we concluded that the present in situ process has superior properties in terms of long-term performance and stability.
Photocatalytic removal of 2-nitrophenol using silver and sulfur co-doped TiO2 under natural solar light
Authors: Feilizadeh Mehrzad , Delparish Amin , Toufigh Bararpour S. , Abedini Najafabadi Hamed , Mohammad Esmaeil Zakeri S. , Vossoughi Manouchehr
Published: July 2015

To overcome the drawback of poor solar light utilization brought about by the narrow photoresponse range of TiO2, a silver and sulfur co-doped TiO2 was synthesized. Using the prepared catalyst, solar photocatalytic degradation of 2-nitrophenol (2-NP) by a TiO2-based catalyst was studied for the first time. Effects of the co-doping on the structural, optical and morphological properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were investigated by different characterization methods: X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Solar experiments showed that the co-doping with silver and sulfur significantly increased the photocatalytic activity. In various initial concentrations of 2-NP more than 99% of the contaminant was decomposed by Ag-S/TiO2 in less than 150 minutes, while the degradation efficiency was much less in the presence of bare TiO2. Kinetic studies suggested that solar photocatalytic degradation of 2-NP is consistent with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. The rate constant of the reaction and adsorption constant of the modified photocatalyst were found to be 2.4 and 4.1 times larger than that of bare TiO2, respectively.
Evaluation of environmental flow requirements using eco-hydrologic–hydraulic methods in perennial rivers
Authors: Abdi Reza , Yasi Mehdi
Published: July 2015

The assessment of environmental flows in rivers is of vital importance for preserving riverine ecosystem processes. This paper addresses the evaluation of environmental flow requirements in three reaches along a typical perennial river (the Zab transboundary river, in north-west Iran), using different hydraulic, hydrological and ecological methods. The main objective of this study came from the construction of three dams and inter-basin transfer of water from the Zab River to the Urmia Lake. Eight hydrological methods (i.e. Tennant, Tessman, flow duration curve analysis, range of variability approach, Smakhtin, flow duration curve shifting, desktop reserve and 7Q2&10 (7-day low flow with a 2- and 10-year return period)); two hydraulic methods (slope value and maximum curvature); and two habitat simulation methods (hydraulic–ecologic, and Q Equation based on water quality indices) were used. Ecological needs of the riverine key species (mainly Barbus capito fish), river geometries, natural flow regime and the environmental status of river management were the main indices for determining the minimum flow requirements. The results indicate that the order of 35%, 17% and 18% of the mean annual flow are to be maintained for the upper, middle and downstream river reaches, respectively. The allocated monthly flow rates in the three Dams steering program are not sufficient to preserve the Zab River life.