bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond expectations: the development and biological activity of cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase inhibitors
Authors: Nisler Jaroslav
Published: November 2024

Cytokinins are one of the main groups of plant hormones that regulate growth and development of plants. Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) is an enzyme that rapidly and irreversibly degrades cytokinins and thus directly affects their concentration and physiological effect. Genetically modified plants with reduced CKX activity in the shoot, i.e. with a higher concentration of cytokinins, showed e.g. increased tolerance to drought stress, formed larger inflorescences and had higher grain yield. For these reasons, chemical compounds capable of inhibiting the CKX activity (CKX inhibitors) were sought. First, they were identified among strong synthetic cytokinins, but their inhibitory activity was low. The trend has been to develop potent CKX inhibitors with minimal intrinsic cytokinin activity in the hope of avoiding the negative effect of cytokinins on root growth. Cloning CKX, production of key recombinant enzymes from Arabidopsis (AtCKX2) and maize (ZmCKX1 and ZmCKX4a), development of screening bioassays and progress in X-ray crystallography and synthetic organic chemistry led to extensive progress in the development of these compounds. Currently, the most suitable CKX inhibitors are seeking their application in research and the commercial sphere in two main areas — plant tissue cultures and agriculture. The key milestones that preceded it are summarized in this review.
Untangling bacterial DNA topoisomerases functions
Authors: Borde Céline , Bruno Lisa , Espéli Olivier
Published: November 2024

Topoisomerases are the main enzymes capable of resolving the topological constraints imposed by DNA transactions such as transcription or replication. All bacteria possess topoisomerases of different types. Although bacteria with circular replicons should encounter similar DNA topology issues, the distribution of topoisomerases varies from one bacterium to another, suggesting polymorphic functioning. Recently, several proteins restricting, enhancing or modifying the activity of topoisomerases were discovered, opening the way to a new area of understanding DNA topology management during the bacterial cell cycle. In this review, we discuss the distribution of topoisomerases across the bacterial phylum and current knowledge on the interplay among the different topoisomerases to maintain topological homeostasis.
Multi‐station multi‐robot task assignment method based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Zhang Junnan , Wang Ke , Mu Chaoxu
Published: November 2024

This paper focuses on the problem of multi‐station multi‐robot spot welding task assignment, and proposes a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework, which is made up of a public graph attention network and independent policy networks. The graph of welding spots distribution is encoded using the graph attention network. Independent policy networks with attention mechanism as a decoder can handle the encoded graph and decide to assign robots to different tasks. The policy network is used to convert the large scale welding spots allocation problem to multiple small scale single‐robot welding path planning problems, and the path planning problem is quickly solved through existing methods. Then, the model is trained through reinforcement learning. In addition, the task balancing method is used to allocate tasks to multiple stations. The proposed algorithm is compared with classical algorithms, and the results show that the algorithm based on DRL can produce higher quality solutions.
Hybrid precoding algorithm for Wi‐Fi interference suppression based on deep learning
Authors: Xie Gang , Pei Zhixiang , Long Gaole , Liu Yuanan
Published: November 2024

Interference among wireless access points (APs) in Wi‐Fi systems limits the throughput of multi‐AP massive multiple‐input multiple‐output systems, and as the AP density increases, the increased interference leads to a significant loss of spectral efficiency of the system. Suppose interference is suppressed by obtaining information about all interfering channels, although the spectral efficiency of the system is greatly improved. In that case, the communication overhead between APs is too huge and consumes too many resources for coordinated transmission, and the performance improvement obtained is negligible. Based on this, a new deep learning hybrid precoding technique based on local channel information is proposed in this paper, where APs use local channel state information for direct hybrid precoding, which can effectively suppress inter‐AP interference in dense wireless local area network and improve the reachable rate of the system through the characteristics of deep learning networks. Through multi‐AP system‐level simulations, it is demonstrated that this non‐collaborative hybrid precoding method based on deep learning greatly suppresses interference and effectively improves the spectral efficiency of the system.
Quantized feedback stabilization of impulsive switched linear systems based on event triggering
Authors: Chen Rui , Fang Jie , Fei Xihong , Xu Yubao , Wang Duansong , Zhang Tan , Zhang Jinzhong
Published: November 2024

This article studies the feedback stabilization problem of an impulsive switched linear system whose feedback loop is closed over a digital network. Particularly, the combined effects of mode switches, impulses, quantization, network delay and external disturbances on the stability of that system are investigated. By extending the previous delay‐free and impulse‐free methods of reachable‐set approximation and propagation, some novel communication and control policies are designed to stabilize the concerned switched system with both network delay and impulses. In order to save the occupied network bandwidth, some event‐triggered control policies are proposed. To handle the effects of the mode switches and the impulse, we design event‐triggering conditions for both the case with no switch and no impulse on an inter‐event interval and the case with one switch or one impulse on an inter‐event interval. Note that the occurrence of a mode switch or an impulse leads to the switch of the event‐triggering conditions. Under the event‐triggered control policies, a stabilizing bit rate condition is derived. It is proven that even under impulses and network delay, the event‐triggered control policies can stabilize the switched system at a lower bit rate than earlier works based on conventional time‐triggered control policies.
Enhanced lightweight infrared object detection algorithm for assistive navigation in visually impaired individuals
Authors: Bai Zhimin , Yang Yang , Wang Jian , Li Zhengyang , Wang Jiajun , Liu Chunxin
Published: November 2024

This study introduces an advanced infrared scene detection algorithm, enhancing the YOLOv8 model for aiding visually impaired individuals in navigation. The focus is on the neck network, integrating attention scale sequences to boost multi‐level perception, particularly for small object detection. This is achieved by adding upsampling and downsampling in the P2 module. Additionally, the CIoU loss function is refined with Inner‐SIoU, elevating bounding box detection precision. A distinctive feature of the approach is its monocular distance and velocity measurement integration, which operates independently of external devices, providing direct navigation support for visually impaired people. Further, the enhanced YOLOv8 is adapted for mobile use, employing pruning and lightweight methods, which substantially enhance its practicality. The experimental results on the FLIR and WOTR datasets demonstrate that, compared to the original YOLOv8n, the improved algorithm has achieved a 2.1% and 3.2% increase in , respectively. Furthermore, the has seen a 2.2% and 3.8% improvement. Concurrently, the model size has been reduced by 55% and 60%, and the number of parameters has decreased by 60% and 67%. Compared to other assistive travel methods for visually impaired individuals, our work demonstrates superior practicality.
Predicting the impact of public events and mobility in Smart Cities
Authors: Bellodi Elena , Zese Riccardo , Petrovich Carlo , Frascella Angelo , Bertasi Francesco
Published: November 2024

The ubiquitous presence of smartphones and the ever‐expanding Internet of Things are generating a treasure trove of data on human movement. We harness the power of Artificial Intelligence to extract knowledge within this data, in particular for predicting people flows and density in a Smart City. This predictive ability holds immense potential for a multitude of applications, from optimising people flow to streamlining event planning, while offering a powerful tool for pre‐emptive identification of situations that may lead to crowd disasters. In this paper, we tackle two crucial aspects of people mobility using data from public events and an Italian mobile phone network: to predict both event attendance and future crowd density in specific areas. The event details (location, time etc.) are automatically gathered and stored in a structured format. Next, we handle these problems are treated in a “supervised learning” setting, and various state‐of‐art Machine Learning techniques are tested to find the best model for each task. The obtained models will be encapsulated into a Policy Support System contributing to foster planning actions of mobility services.
The Milky Way satellite galaxy Leo T: A perturbed cored dwarf
Authors: Blaña Matías , Burkert Andreas , Fellhauer Michael , Calderón Diego , Behrendt Manuel , Schartmann Marc
Published: November 2024

The impact of the dynamical state of gas-rich satellite galaxies at the early moments of their infall into their host systems and the relation to their quenching process are not completely understood at the low-mass regime. Two such nearby systems are the infalling Milky Way (MW) dwarfs Leo T and Phoenix located near the MW virial radius at 414 kpc (1.4Rvir), both of which present intriguing offsets between their gaseous and stellar distributions. Here we present hydrodynamic simulations with RAMSES to reproduce the observed dynamics of Leo T: its 80 pc stellar-HI offset and the 35 pc offset between its older (≳5 Gyr) and younger (∼200 − 1000 Myr) stellar population. We considered internal and environmental properties such as stellar winds, two HI components, cored and cuspy dark matter profiles, and different satellite orbits considering the MW circumgalactic medium. We find that the models that best match the observed morphology of the gas and stars include mild stellar winds that interact with the HI generating the observed offset, and dark matter profiles with extended cores. The latter allow long oscillations of the off-centred younger stellar component, due to long mixing timescales (≳200 Myr), and the slow precession of near-closed orbits in the cored potentials; instead, cuspy and compact cored dark matter models result in the rapid mixing of the material (≲200 Myr). These models predict that non-equilibrium substructures, such as spatial and kinematic offsets, are likely to persist in cored low-mass dwarfs and to remain detectable on long timescales in systems with recent star formation.
The formation of black holes in non-interacting isolated binaries
Authors: Kruckow Matthias U. , Andrews Jeff J. , Fragos Tassos , Holl Berry , Bavera Simone S. , Briel Max , Gossage Seth , Kovlakas Konstantinos , Rocha Kyle A. , Sun Meng , Srivastava Philipp M. , Xing Zepei , Zapartas Emmanouil
Published: November 2024

Context. The black holes discovered using Gaia, especially Gaia BH1 and BH2, have low-mass companions of solar-like metallicity in wide orbits. For standard formation channels of isolated binary evolution that include interactions, this extreme mass ratio is unexpected, especially for orbits of hundreds to thousands of days.

Aims. We investigate a non-interacting formation path for isolated binaries to explain the formation of Gaia BH1 and BH2.

Methods. We used single star models computed with MESA to constrain the main characteristics of possible progenitors of long-period black hole binaries such as Gaia BH1 and BH2. Then, we incorporated these model grids into the binary population synthesis code POSYDON to explore whether the formation of the observed binaries at solar metallicity is indeed possible.

Results. We find that winds of massive stars (≳80 M⊙), especially during the Wolf-Rayet phase, tend to cause a plateau in the relation of the initial stellar mass to final black hole mass (at about 13 M⊙ in our default wind prescription). However, stellar winds at earlier evolutionary phases are also important at high metallicity, as they prevent the most massive stars from expanding (< 100 R⊙) and filling their Roche lobe. Consequently, the strength of the applied winds affects the range of the final black hole masses in non-interacting binaries, which enables the formation of systems similar to Gaia BH1 and BH2.

Conclusions. We deduce that wide binaries with a black hole and a low-mass companion can form at high metallicity without binary interactions. There could be hundreds of such systems in the Milky Way. The mass of the black hole in binaries that evolved through the non-interacting channel might provide insights into the wind strength during the progenitor evolution.
Nano-Phytosome Drug Delivery System of Acanthus Illicifolius Leaves Extract: Characterization, Formulation and Evaluation
Authors: Setyowati ER Heni , Pribadi Prasojo , Wijayanti Kartika , Bunga Cut Dewi , Dewi Devi Kemala , Wardani Arief Kusuma
Published: November 2024

Achantus Illicifolius plants are very rarely exploited but many are found to grow wildly in nature. If the conditions of the aquatic environment in Indonesia especially in Purworejo today, cranberry plant has potential as a phytotechnology. Phytosomes are a novel lipid-based delivery system that resemble liposomes in structure. They can be used to entrap various phytoconstituents based on polyphenols to enhance their absorption when administered. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential compounds of Acanthus illicifolius, jeruju extract containing nanophytosome formulation and physicochemical characterization. The test material was Achantus ilicifolius leaf obtained from the Purworejo Mangrove Conservation Center, Central Java, Indonesia. General tests for the presence of the following; flavonoid, Saponin, Terpenoid and Steroid were carried out. The bioactive compounds in the methanol extract of the leaves of Achantus Ilicifolius were identified using GC-MS. Nano-phytosomes were formulated by making three variations in the ratio of phosphatidylcholine starting from 24 mg (F1) : 48 mg (F2) : 71 mg (F3) with using the reflux method. Evaluation of nano-phytosomes includes particle size and zeta potential. The evaluation results show that the nano-phytosome particle size is around 122.7 nm – 193.5 nm. The nano-phytosome formula with the best adsorption efficiency is F3 with a weight ratio of phosphatidylcholine 71 mg, a particle size replication 1 of 120.7 nm, replication 2 of 121.6 nm, replication 3 of 125.8 nm and zeta potential -26,6.
Intention to use traditional medicine among elementary school students
Authors: Gladys Dievya A. , Widayati Aris , Cahyani Riska , Rahajeng Bangunawati
Published: November 2024

Indonesian adults commonly use traditional medicine. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of research on the behavioural features of herbal usage among early teens. The objective of this study is to examine the factors associated with the willingness to use traditional medicine among elementary school pupils, employing the conceptual framework of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). This study applied a cross-sectional design to collect quantitative data. The independent variables were attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control, which are the three constructs of TPB. The dependent variable was the intention of using traditional medicine. The participants consisted of 199 children from Wates 4 State Elementary School in Kulon Progo Regency and Ungaran 1 Elementary School in Yogyakarta City, located in D.I. Yogyakarta Province. The schools were purposely chosen. Data was collected using a TPB questionnaire. Chi-Square was employed to analyse the data. Nearly 95.0% of the participants expressed an intention to use traditional medicine. Significant associations (p<0.05) exist between the three TPB constructs and the intention among students at Wates 4 State Elementary School in Kulon Progo Regency and Ungaran 1 State Elementary School in Yogyakarta City, D.I. Yogyakarta.
Extraction Method and Crude Drug-to-Solvent Ratio Effects on the Antioxidant Properties and Physicochemical Profile during Storage of a Polyherbal Formulation Extract
Authors: Hartanti Dwi , Insani Addien Anugrah , Wahono Satriyo Krido , Hamad Alwani
Published: November 2024

Java tea, seed-under-leaf, and turmeric are well-known for their antioxidant activity. The mixture with 40% Java tea leaves, 55% seed-under-leaf aerial parts, and 5% turmeric rhizomes produced a polyherbal formulation with a satisfactory antioxidant profile. This study aimed to develop the optimal extraction condition to produce water extract with good antioxidant properties that are stable during storage. The herbal mixture was extracted using Decoction A, Decoction B, and infusion methods at crude drug-tosolvent ratios of 1:10, 1:20, and 1:100. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the standard 2,2-diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were determined according to the standard methods. The extract from Decoction A at a 1:10 ratio was stored for 18 days at 7±3°C, and their physicochemical properties, i.e., color, pH, DPPH scavenging activity, TPC, and TFC, were evaluated accordingly. The extraction method and crude drug-to-solvent ratio significantly affected the extracts’ DPPH scavenging activity, FRAP, TPC, and TFC. Decoction A at a 1:10 ratio yielded extracts with the highest DPPH activity, TPC, and TFC and total flavonoid content, while Decoction B at a 1:20 ratio resulted in the highest FRAP. Extracts from Decoction A at a 1:10 ratio underwent chemical changes on day 6 of refrigerated storage. In conclusion, extraction by Decoction A at a crude drug-to-solvent ratio of 1:10 produced an antioxidant-rich extract that remained stable for six days during storage.
Water absorption, capillarity action, and materials composition of different bricks and panels as part of the external coating of buildings. Case study: Tirana, Albania
Authors: Xhexhi Klodjan , Aliaj Besnik
Published: November 2024

The article aims to provide insight into the water absorption, capillarity action, and material composition of various bricks and panels used as external coatings for buildings. The materials analyzed include silicate brick, red clay brick, normal clay hollow brick, concrete block, and EPS fibre cement composite wall panel. These types of bricks and panels are widely used in buildings in Albania, making their water absorption characteristics and hygroscopic moisture levels important factors to consider for future applications. The study is based on an experiment involving five material samples. Initially, the samples are dried and then partially submerged in water for 12, 24, and 36 hours. Afterward, they are removed from the water and dried indoors for 12, 24, and 36 hours. The moisture content is measured at three intervals for each sample category. The experiment also analyzes the capillarity action of water within the materials to evaluate their overall performance. Based on the results, red clay brick and normal clay hollow brick were identified as the most vulnerable materials due to their composition, high capillarity action, and significant water absorption. These findings are crucial for determining the suitability of these materials in construction practices.
Accessibility and health for the enhancement of the cultural landscape through the environmental design of pedestrian paths – a case study
Authors: Di Dario Ylenia , Attaianese Erminia
Published: November 2024

The paper explores the role of inclusive pedestrian pathway design in enhancing natural and semi-natural, urban and peri-urban areas in line with UN Sustainable Development Goal 11, which aims to provide universal access to safe and inclusive green spaces by 2030. The research takes a multi-scale approach to environmental design, considering both the broad landscape context and the specific details of individual interventions that affect people’s mental and physical well-being, integrating principles of Design for All and Sustainable Development. Focusing on four categories of requirements for the full enjoyment of places by different users, the presented methodology is applied to the proposal of a pedestrian routes network to enhance the cultural and architectural heritage. Obstacles and critical issues of the site have been considered and ranked according to their impact on user fatigue, comfort and general safety, and design solutions have been proposed to mitigate them. The project strategy also includes measures to protect the environment and promote sustainable tourism, potentially serving as a model for other sites. Ongoing monitoring and maintenance are essential to the success of these interventions, which can have a significant impact on the physical and mental health of citizens and for promoting sustainable urban development.
Climate Change and Heritage Management; the case study of the ancient Greek theatre of Lindos in Rhodes, Dodecanese
Authors: Nastou Marina Panagiota P. , Zerefos Stelios C.
Published: November 2024

The importance of heritage during the current times of transition to the technological progress has recently obtained much attention, especially for the risks of degradation related with the climate change. This research distinguishes the ancient Greek theatre as an instance of heritage, because it has heritage values, such as architecture, knowledge, archaeological virtue, integrity and authenticity of the whole structure and it combines nature with culture. This heritage type shows important contribution to the global cultural diversity. The special case study is the open theatre of Lindos, located in Rhodes, Dodecanese. The sea, the vicinity with the coasts and the archaeological value of the city of Lindos are the fundamental factors for the management plan of adaptation and mitigation at the era of climate change. Thus, in this study we collected climatological data of temperature, humidity and precipitation by the meteorological station of Rhodes (Hellenic National Meteorological Service) to examine the course of the measurements and the tendencies to threating factors. These data can be combined with the extreme weather phenomena of the region to discover the vulnerability and the resilience of the case study for the adequate management plan.
The Integration of the Lion Fish in the Diet of the Cypriot as a Means of Maintaining Marine Ecosystem
Authors: Tsikalakis Georgios , Laouri Katerina , Neofotistou Eleftheria , Thalassinos Nikolaos
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the working is to investigate the invasive (Pterois Miles) lionfish, with the aim of proving it as a healthy food, with remarkable nutritional value, beneficial for the human body. The encourage its consumption so that, knowing it, people can include it in their daily diet. The analyze the policy in Cyprus in the effort to control and manage the species in mainten the balance in biodiversity and the marine ecosystem. Highlight the dangers of environmental imbalance from the invasion of other species in the Mediterranean Seas Most people do not know the lionfish and it is difficult to integrate a new kind of food into the diet. By informing its benefits and proposing to the world to try it, in addition to having the benefit of this type of food, it will also be noteworthy the contribution of its consumption to environmental protection. With the integration of the lionfish, to the Cypriot diet is given a financial incentive for the fishermen to catch it and its population is still maintained at low levels so that the balance in the maritime ecosystem can occur
Environmental flow assessment in transboundary rivers: Challenges and opportunities using big data - A Greek case study
Authors: Karamanoli Eleni , Skoulikaris Charalampos
Published: November 2024

Environmental or ecological flow refers to the minimum flow needed to sustain river- based ecosystems and their services. Evaluating environmental flows is of paramount importance, particularly in light of the rapid changes induced by climate change, anthropogenic pressures, and the continued damming of river courses. The research aims to evaluate the environmental flow of four transboundary rivers in Greece, namely Axios, Strymonas, Nestos and Evros Rivers, using the Tennant and Tessman hydrological methods, and to assess their compatibility with Greek national legislation. The rivers’ runoff is determined using large-scale hydrological models applied at the European scale, which simulate thousands of river basins simultaneously, generating extensive big data datasets. The results demonstrate that Greek legislation underestimates the flows compared to those derived from both hydrological methods. Furthermore, the ecological flow values derived from the Tennant method for winter months generally exhibit lower magnitudes compared to those obtained from the Tessman method, whereas during summer months, there appears to be a convergence in the values derived from both methodologies. The proposed methodology can be applied to any river within the European Union and can serve as a significant roadmap for further advancements in the assessment of environmental flow.
Biphasic catalytic upgrading of biodiesel produced from non-edible biomasses
Authors: Emmanouilidou Elissavet , Psalidas Alexandros , Kokkinos Nikolaos C.
Published: November 2024

The growing demand for edible oils for food and fuel has increased interest in non- edible oils like waste cooking oils (WCOs) for biodiesel production. However, biodiesel faces challenges, such as low oxidative stability and poor cold flow properties. These fuel properties are influenced by the composition of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), particularly their degree of unsaturation. While compression ignition (CI) engines can accommodate up to 30% biodiesel blends with diesel without modification, higher biodiesel content requires engine upgrades. This study explores the upgrading of the WCO biodiesel sample via partial hydrogenation of its polyunsaturated FAMEs catalyzed by the in-situ synthesized water-soluble Ru/TPPTS. The methodology includes EN ISO standard methods and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis for WCO biodiesel sample characterization before and after upgrading. The results demonstrate that the Ru/TPPTS catalytic system effectively altered the composition of the biodiesel. Specifically, the catalytic system significantly reduced the percentage of unsaturated linoleic acid (C18:2) methyl ester while concurrently increasing the percentage of saturated stearic acid (C18:0) methyl ester. This compositional change led to an increase in the oxidative stability of the hydrogenated biodiesel sample. Nevertheless, further research is needed to meet the limit outlined by the EN ISO standard.
Balancing act: Fostering employee well-being during labour shortages in e-commerce logistics
Authors: Baccichetto Tommaso , Drulea Andreea-Magdalena , Nae Alexandru
Published: November 2024

The rapid expansion of the e-commerce industry over the past five years has significantly impacted on global commerce, presenting both opportunities and challenges, particularly labour shortages during peak seasons. These shortages lead to poor working conditions, operational disruptions, and reduced customer satisfaction, necessitating strategic re-evaluation for long-term sustainability beyond short-term fixes. This study investigates the labour working conditions in the e-commerce sector, focusing on the physical and mental well-being of the workforce in the post- COVID-19 era. It explores how labour shortages affect employee well-being and operational resilience, providing an overview of various labour strategies to promote well-being and mitigate safety hazards and increased overtime during peak periods. The research employed semi-structured interviews, qualitative data analysis, and a comparative analysis of strategies from three leading logistics organizations operating in the Netherlands, revealing critical insights into sustainable working conditions, workforce management, operational efficiency, and effective employee onboarding and training strategies. The study aims to illuminate current issues while promoting a diverse, equal, and inclusive work environment, emphasizing the importance of teamwork and overall well-being.
Thessaloniki Metro: Public satisfaction in relation to the progress of the construction works
Authors: Zoumpoulis Dimitrios , Demertzidis Ypatios , Palantzas Georgios , Nalmpantis Dimitrios
Published: November 2024

The Thessaloniki Metro project is a significant transportation initiative with profound economic and environmental implications. This study evaluates public satisfaction with the project’s construction progress. Initiated in 2003, the Thessaloniki Metro aims to enhance urban mobility and safety while reducing travel time and environmental impacts. The survey, conducted through Google Forms, included 108 participants, predominantly young citizens. Key findings indicate a strong public endorsement of the metro’s construction, with 85.1% rating it positively. However, there is widespread dissatisfaction regarding project delays attributed to bureaucracy, legal complications, and inefficient fund management. Notably, 99.1% of respondents acknowledged significant delays, and 61.7% reported diminished trust in state institutions due to these setbacks. Despite these issues, there is optimistic support for network extensions, particularly towards Kalamaria and the Thessaloniki Airport “Macedonia.” Economically, 83.2% of participants are willing to use the metro if ticket prices align with those in Athens. The study concludes with recommendations for addressing delays and suggests future surveys post- completion to assess changes in public satisfaction. The findings highlight the need for timely project completion to meet public expectations and improve urban transit infrastructure.
Economic and statistical analysis of current trends in “green” energy development
Authors: Yelisieieva Oksana , Sazonets Olga , Sarychev Volodymyr , Lyzhnyk Yuliya
Published: November 2024

For a long time, the key factor in the growth of national economies around the world has been the use of natural resources, especially minerals. This approach has led to problems of environmental degradation, ecosystem disturbance and depletion of natural resources. One of the most significant and effective ways to exert a positive influence on the system is to reduce the consumption of non-renewable natural resources and to decrease the reliance on energy resources in the economy. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to introduce new technologies. One of the principal aspects of such structural modernization is the expansion of the use of renewable energy sources (RES). The creation of low-carbon economies involves increasing of clean energy through improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This is due to the heterogeneous distribution of natural resources, the growing energy demand in developing countries, and the growing awareness of the environmental risks associated with the use of artificial fuels. The objective of this research is to provide an economic and statistical analysis of the use of renewable energy sources in Europe and the world, to identify the principal global trends in the production of specific types of RES, and to assess the development of “green” energy in Ukraine based on autocorrelation and multicorrelation models.
Pre-forecast modeling of airport electricity consumption time series
Authors: Sokolova Nataliya , Bugayko Dmytro , Yekimov Sergey , Lobov Oleksii , Leshchinsky Oleg
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the relevance of pre-forecast modeling of time series of electricity consumption by airports, systematizes the methods and ways of the specified pre-forecast modeling and considers some problems arising in the process of their use. A separate stage of preforecast modeling of electricity consumption by the airport is proposed, which contributes, on the one hand, to a fairly quick receipt of primary information about the forecasted object, and on the other hand - to a more effective and adequate final forecast. It is proposed to build a series of neural network models at the stage of preliminary forecasting, including convolutional, recurrence. As a model example, a neural network preforecast model of electricity consumption for the Lviv International Airport is built on the basis of statistical data for the period of relatively stable development of the Ukrainian economy. A comparative analysis of the obtained results of the neural network model with the constructed trend-seasonal model using analytical methods was carried out, which gave a positive result. Conclusions are made on the prospects of building preforecast models of time series of electricity consumption by the airport using neural networks.
Ensuring the energy security of the enterprise based on financial diagnostics in the process of transforming the digital economy
Authors: Uktamov Khusniddin , Abdullayeva Shakhnoza , Hashimov Pazliddin , Khasankhonova Nodira , Imomov Jamshidxon
Published: November 2024

The increasing complexity of the global economic environment, coupled with the digital transformation of industries, necessitates a reassessment of enterprise energy security strategies. This article examines the role of financial diagnostics in ensuring energy security within the framework of a digital economy transformation. The research focuses on identifying financial indicators and risks that impact energy security, such as cash flow management, investment in energy-efficient technologies, and financial stability. By analyzing key financial metrics, enterprises can anticipate vulnerabilities and optimize energy consumption, thereby enhancing resilience against energy market volatility. Additionally, the integration of digital technologies and financial tools allows for real-time monitoring and forecasting, enabling proactive decision-making. This approach not only safeguards energy supplies but also contributes to long-term sustainability and competitiveness. The study offers a comprehensive methodology for implementing financial diagnostics as a tool to ensure energy security, emphasizing its critical role in navigating the challenges of the digital economy.
Interpretations on ecological problems and their solution in the works of Abu Ali ibn Sino
Authors: Rajabova Marifat , Amonova Zilola , Qodirova Nasima , Rajabova Raʼno , Ibotova Madina
Published: November 2024

The article describes the views of Abu Ali ibn Sino, a great thinker of the Middle Ages, on environmental problems. His scientific approaches to areas such as environmental hygiene, water and air pollution are analyzed. Nature is a place where all living things can live. According to him, nature is a single, whole, in which opposite aspects such as matter and form, movement and peace, cause and effect are interconnected and interact. A violation of such a relationship can have negative consequences on earth. We can see this in the example of the environmental problem, which is recognized as a global problem today.We know that a person has been wounded, that the environmental problem has been on his mind. We can see this in the works of our great compatriot, encyclopedist Abu Ali Ibn Sino. What we call environmental problems today, issues of protecting the environment, the impact of man on nature or man on the environment are often mentioned in Ibn Sino’s works. Especially his thoughts that “Agar havoda chang va tutun bo’lmaganda edi inson ming yil yashagan bo’lur edi”, “If the air is balanced and clean, without foreign additives, it will be a guarantee of health, otherwise it will cause various diseases” confirms the existence of environmental problems before.
Deep neural network for semantic segmentation of satellite images
Authors: Karimov Sardor , Sotvoldiyeva Dildora , Khalilov Durbek , Mamadaliyev Nurillo
Published: November 2024

Deep neural networks have become a crucial tool for satellite image processing, particularly in semantic segmentation tasks. This paper explores the use of deep neural networks for automated feature extraction and classification in Earth satellite images. It focuses on how deep architectures like U-Net and MobileNet handle multi-channel spectral data to achieve precise segmentation of various land covers and objects of interest. The paper discusses data preprocessing techniques, loss function selection, and optimization, along with examples of successful applications in mapping, agricultural monitoring, and urban planning. The study highlights the effectiveness of deep neural networks in addressing complex satellite image segmentation challenges and showcases their potential for future research and practical use in land management and environmental monitoring.
Evaluation of operational reliability indicators
Authors: Tadjibayev Abdinabi A. , Jovliyev Vasik U.
Published: November 2024

The article provides a comprehensive overview of key aspects related to vehicle operational reliability. It covers not only reliability characteristics, vehicle types and test methods, but also the organization of the test process, including planning, execution and analysis of results. Particular attention is paid to the assessment and analysis of the data obtained, which allows us to identify weaknesses in the design and operation of vehicles, as well as offer recommendations for their improvement. This article provides valuable guidance for both automotive and transportation industry professionals, researchers and the academic community interested in improving vehicle reliability and safety.
Green economy and innovative financial mechanisms: Enhancing the efficiency of market mechanisms
Authors: Hudayberganov D.T. , Egamov B.N. , Yusupova F.Y. , Masharipova M.B. , Ruzmetova I.Y. , Jumaniyazova R.Q.
Published: November 2024

This article investigates the various characteristics that enhance the efficiency of market mechanisms. Market efficiency is essential for optimizing resource allocation, minimizing waste, and boosting overall productivity within economies. Our analysis covers the theoretical underpinnings and empirical studies pertinent to market structures, regulatory influences, technological advancements, and the symmetry of information. We delve into different facets of market mechanism design, including the importance of competition and the transformative impact of digital technologies on market operations. By integrating theoretical frameworks with real-world evidence, this study aims to shed light on effective strategies to improve the functioning and efficiency of markets, thereby facilitating better economic outcomes.
Transportation and quality assurance system in agricultural sector
Authors: Atadjanova Zulfiya , Kadirova Sharofat , Murodov Abduraxim
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this article is to describe a system of indicators characterizing the quality of transport services and to create its model. Since the indicators that ensure the quality of transport services are interdependent, each of them requires a separate approach. To adapt to changing customer demands, it is necessary to present metrics within a holistic model, establish a service standard, and analyze how far actual services have deviated from the standard. If the shift is negative for the transport company, clients, partners, it is necessary to make a decision and develop measures to correct it through measures. As one of the convenient forms of assessing the system of indicators, it is worth highlighting the full implementation of new technologies in the field of transport.
Quantifying urban green space effects on biodiversity and ecosystem function: Implications for sustainable urban planning
Authors: Valiyeva Munojatkxon , Ziyadulloyeva Farangiz , Khudayorova Gulkhaya , Tojimamatov Oybekjon , Karimov Abduvahit
Published: November 2024

As urbanization accelerates, it is crucial to assess how green spaces contribute to ecological balance and sustainability. This study aims to quantify the impact of urban green spaces on local biodiversity and ecosystem functions. By evaluating various green space types and their contributions to urban ecosystems, we seek to provide actionable insights for sustainable urban planning. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of urban green spaces across several cities, employing a combination of field surveys, remote sensing data, and ecological modeling. Metrics such as species diversity, habitat quality, and ecosystem services were assessed to determine the effectiveness of different green space configurations. Our findings indicate that diverse green space types, including parks, green roofs, and urban forests, significantly enhance biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Key metrics showed increased species richness and improved ecological services such as air purification and temperature regulation. Quantitative data revealed that larger and more varied green spaces tend to have more substantial ecological benefits. The study underscores the importance of integrating diverse and well-planned green spaces into urban environments to promote biodiversity and support essential ecosystem functions. These findings highlight the need for urban planners to prioritize green space development as a strategy for sustainable urban growth and environmental resilience.
The role of flora and fauna in expressing the artistic view of the universe
Authors: O’roqova Nafosat , Latipov Hayot , Normuratova Nigora
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the world of flora and fauna, which is considered a part of our ecosystem. An effort has been made to provide comprehensive information about these elements of nature, including ideas regarding their origin, lifestyle, and development. By referencing early views on living creatures within the flora and fauna realm, the article explores their significance for the entire universe and, more importantly, human life. The symbolic use of animals, plants, flowers, and trees in portraying the artistic landscape of the world has been substantiated through various examples. The conclusion emphasizes the essential role of flora and fauna for life, supported by the thoughts of eminent scholars.
Commercial organisations: Digital transformation of agricultural sector
Authors: Khurramova Madina , Soliyev Abdumalik , Djalilova Malika , Tulakov Ulugbek , Khurramov Azizbek , Mustafina Venera
Published: November 2024

Many people believe that digital technologies present a chance to support rural and agricultural communities' sustainable futures. The process of digital transformation is not without its drawbacks, though, since it affects a wide range of factors and their interactions, including institutional, social, technological, environmental, and economic ones. A deeper comprehension and anticipation of the frequently unidentified repercussions are necessary according to the responsible research and innovation strategy. In order to achieve this goal, we have created a framework that enables us to understand the relationships between the social, the cyber, and the physical—a socio-cyber-physical system—and have outlined the prerequisites for a system of this kind to successfully undergo digital transformation. These include managing system complexity, designing digital technologies, and granting access to them.
The impact of ecological tourism on the environment
Authors: Ivasyshyna Nataliia
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the proposed article is to identify and analyze potential problems that may arise in the field of tourism in the future. The methodology is based on scientific and special research methods. Methods of analysis, synthesis, systematization, classification, generalization of economic and methodical literature, scientific publications were used. Scientific novely. Studying the impact of tourism on the environment and natural resources, identifying sustainability issues and developing strategies for environmentally friendly tourism. Conclusions. The article solves important tasks aimed at preserving the ecological state of natural objects and routes. This may include waste control, limiting the number of tourists, creating special areas for recreation and nature protection, as well as environmental education and awareness among tourists. In order to preserve ecotourism in the future, it is necessary to pay special attention to the preservation of natural resources, the development of an effective system of control and regulation of tourist flows, as well as the development of ecotourism based on mutually beneficial cooperation with local communities. It is necessary to ensure a balance between the development of tourism and nature conservation, so that future generations have the opportunity to enjoy beautiful and untouched nature.
Ecological tourism: Problems and prospects
Authors: Lipich Liudmyla
Published: November 2024

Ecotourism theory and practice is a new interdisciplinary field of knowledge, therefore, it is natural that despite the fact that «the profusion of experiences has generated a variety of means of theorizing, analyzing and marketing ecotourism» there are practically no comprehensive studies of this phenomenon. The article analyses the concept of ecotourism, i.e. the understanding of tourism as both a social phenomenon and a social institution, the place and role of ecotourism in the structure of tourism and in the social structure of modern society. The methodology of the research consists in the application of analytical, structural-functional and dialectical approaches to the study of ecotourism industry, which combines the ecological paradigm in the development of society with the social paradigm. Since ecotourism is a new phenomenon in the world culture of relations in the system of society/nature/human, and ecotourism industry is in the process of intensive development, therefore it is of interest to theoretically comprehend the concept of ecotourism. The main approach in the study of ecotourism problems is the dialecticsociological method, which allowed us to analyze the concept of ecotourism, the prospects of ecotourism development, and its impact on social structures. On the basis of sociological analysis of theoretical sources, it is concluded that most studies consider ecotourism as one of the factors that contributes to a radical revision of the ways of relations between man and nature that have developed in the course of the development of market-oriented industry and agriculture. Most of the analysed works describe to a greater extent the ideal model of ecotourism, i.e. the desired, rather than the actual results.
The possibility of using educational technologies that improve professional skills and its essence
Authors: Juraeva Nargiza , Juraeva Zarifa
Published: November 2024

Developmental educational technologies are a tool that leads to quick and effective results through the quality organization of the educational process. An example of this is the technology for developing the student's personal qualities, knowledge in certain areas, and creative abilities. The use of these technologies is of great importance in the organization of studies in the credit-module system; it encourages distance learning to increase the interest of students in their profession and to be in constant independent research during their professional activities. In this article, opinions on effective use of developmental educational technologies and methods of increasing students' interest in independent work are presented. Keywords: education, technology, student, interest, activity, profession, skill, development, pedagogic ability, moral-aesthetic outlook, cooperative education.