bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Orang Tua Dalam Membentuk Kemandirian Anak Usia Dini Di Desa Kadugenep Kecamatan Petir Kabupaten Serang
Authors: Febriyanti Indri , Naim Mohamad , Rosmilawati Ila
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) pemahaman orang tua mengenai stimulasi anak usia dini. (2) menelaah dan mendeskripsikan apa saja stimulasi yang dilakukan oleh orang tua pada anak usia dini ketika di rumah. (3) hasil pembentukan kemandirian pada anak usia dini di Desa Kadugenep Kabupaten Serang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 15 orang tua atau secara lebih spesifik yaitu seorang ibu dan 5 orang anak usia dini yang peneliti observasi. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) Pengetahuan orang tua atau secara lebih spesifik yaitu pengetahuan ibu, mengenai stimulasi anak usia dini di Desa Kadugenep Kecamatan Petir Kabupaten Serang, dapat disimpulkan sudah cukup baik karena mayoritas ibu mengetahui pentingnya stimulasi atau rangsangan untuk masa perkembangan dan pertumbuhan anak. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan orang tua yang dapat memenuhi dan memahami 3 kebutuhan stimulasi dasar yang dibutuhkan oleh anak usia dini, yaitu a) stimulasi mental (asah), b) stimulasi emosi atau kasih sayang (asih) dan c) stimulasi fisik biomedis (asuh). (2) Peran orang tua dalam membentuk kemandirian anak usia dini di Desa Kadugenep Kecamatan Petir Kabupaten Serang sudah sesuai dengan teori upaya dalam meningkatkan kemandirian anak usia dini, diantaranya yaitu: a) memberikan motivasi dan dorongan pada anak, b) melatih anak dalam menghadapi masalah dan bertanggung jawab dan c) orang tua memberi anak kebebasan mengambil keputusan. (3) Hasil pembentukan kemandirian anak yang ditunjukan melalui peran orang tua dalam membentuk kemandirian anak usia dini dengan upaya stimulasi yang dapat dilakukan orang tua ketika di rumah, di Desa Kadugenep Kecamatan Petir Kabupaten Serang berhasil membentuk kemandirian pada anak usia dini dengan rentang usia 3-6 tahun.
Peran Guru Sosiologi Dalam Mengimplementasikan Nilai Pendidikan Karakter, Toleransi Dan Peduli Sosial Melalui Pembelajaran Sosiologi Di SMA Negeri 95 Jakarta
Authors: Manurung Diana Veronika , Kuntari Septi , Hardiansyah Muhammad Agus
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the role of sociology teachers in implementing character education values, particularly tolerance and social care, at SMA Negeri 95 Jakarta. The research method used is qualitative, with data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and documentation. The research informants consist of the school principal, sociology teachers, and nine students, totaling eleven informants. The results show that the implementation of character education values, especially tolerance and social care, has been successfully carried out. Sociology teachers play a crucial role in instilling the values of tolerance and social care in classroom learning and through various structured and systematic school programs and activities. These programs include routine school activities such as "Clean Friday," involving the entire school community, which represents diversity. Additionally, these efforts foster attitudes aligned with the school's goals of social care and living harmoniously with existing differences.
Pengembangan Materi Ajar Seni Tari Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ilham Ilham , Andang Andang , Ilyas Ilyas , Maisarah Maisarah , Reginasari Putri
Published: August 2024

Modul kearifan lokal adalah untuk menunjang pembelajaran dan mengaitkan materi dengankeadaan lingkungan sekitar tempat tinggal dan sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan dan keefektifan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan ADDIE yang mengacu pada (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah ,wawancara, observasi, tes, valid, angket dan dokumentasi. Adapun teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis kevalidan kepraktisan dan keefektifan modul kearifan lokal .a) Hasil rekapitulasi kevalidtan modul kearifan lokal diperoleh 93% dengan kategori “Sangat Valid”. b) Hasil rekapitulasi kepraktisan modul kearifan lokal memperoleh persentase sebesar 77% dengan kategori “praktis”. c) Rekapitulasi hasil belajar kognitif siswa dengan nilai ketuntasan klasikal 19 orang siswa yang termasuk kategori “tuntas” dengan persentase 71’%,  Tes hasil belajar afektif siswa,. orang siswa yang termasuk kategori baik dengan persentase 81%, Hasil belajar psikomotor diketahui hasil belajar psikomotor terdapat 19 orang siswa termaksud kategori “baik” dengan presentase 79%. Pengembangan modul kearifan lokal yang inovasi dapat mempermudah siswa dalam proses, pembelajaran, sehingga tujuan pembelajaran tercapai dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa SD Negeri 27 woja Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024.
Analisis Terhadap Pengobatan Tradisional Majappi-Jappi Dalam Praktek Kesehatan Masyarakat Kabupaten Soppeng
Authors: Sulfiana Sulfiana , Manda Darman , Mustafa Mustafa , Najamuddin Najamuddin
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) menganalisis masyarakat Kabupaten Soppeng memaknai pengobatan tradisional Majappi-jappi, (2) menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan pengobatan tradisional Majappi-jappi sebagai alternatif pada masyarakat Kabupaten Soppeng, (3) mengetahui dampak pengobatan tradisonal Majappi-jappi berperan dalam pengambil keputusan masyarakat Kabupaten Soppeng. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposisive samping. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) masyarakat Kabupaten Soppeng memaknai pengobatan tradisional Majappi-jappi (a) sebagai warisan leluhur dan (b) sistem kepercayaan dan spiritualitas. (2) faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan pengobatan tradisional Majappi-jappi sebagai alternatif pada masyarakat Kabupaten Soppeng yaitu (a) faktor sosial, (b) faktor budaya dan (c) faktor habitus. (3) dampak pengobatan tradisonal Majappi-jappi berperan dalam pengambil keputusan masyarakat Kabupaten Soppeng karena (a) ampuh mengobati penyakit dan (b) tanpa efek samping..
Kearifan Lokal Seni Benjang Sebagai Sumber Belajar Pada Mata Pelajaran Sosiologi
Authors: Aulia Vina , Wildan Dadan , Komariah Siti
Published: August 2024

Benjang art as the local wisdom of the Ujung Berung community began to experience strong competition with shows or entertainment that came from abroad. This condition threatens the existence of Benjang art in the current generation so that there needs to be a cultural transfer process so that the existence of Benjang art is maintained. This study aims to further analyze how local wisdom based on Benjang art can be integrated in sociology learning in order to maintain cultural existence and carry out the process of cultural transfer between generations. The method used is a literature study by referring to several journal articles and proceedings that are relevant to the theme of the study. The research shows that there is good potential for the Benjang Art in maintaining its existence through sociology learning which can be utilized as a learning resource, especially in the material of local wisdom and community empowerment. With an ethnopedagogy-based strategy, it can be a process of transferring culture between generations, one of which is in order to maintain the existence of Benjang art as local wisdom.
ANALISIS STRATEGI MARKETING BRAMBANG CHIPS BERBASIS MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI POTENSI UTAMA MASYARAKAT
Authors: Bali Muhammad Mushfi El Iq , Hayati Nur , Mukarromah Nadifatul , Awliya' Indah Zahrotul , Halisah St. Nur , Miladiana Miladiana , Dewi Agustina
Published: August 2024

Shallot farming in Pondok Kelor Village is a potential that has opportunities for farmers in the future. The majority of farmers cultivate their agricultural land by planting shallots as a superior crop which gives high expectations from their agricultural business. However, farmers have not been able to maximize the sale of their agricultural products due to the lack of marketing strategies and the development of innovative shallot processing that has attractiveness and selling value. With the right marketing strategy and innovation of processed shallots, it will contribute additional income to farmers in meeting their daily needs as well as initial capital in starting the post-harvest planting season. Based on these assets and potentials, it is necessary to have innovations and marketing strategies from processing shallot agricultural products to increase onion yields. Processed products made are chips from shallots. Marketing strategy is one way to win a sustainable competitive advantage to produce goods or services. Marketing strategy can be seen as one of the bases used in planning a manufacturer as a whole. Given the breadth of the problems that exist within the company, it is necessary to have a comprehensive plan to serve as a guideline for the company's segments in carrying out their activities.
Pendampingan Speaking Skill menggunakan Metode Speaking Marathon di Zain Academy Probolinggo
Authors: Islam Syaiful , Fadhila Nur Faizatul , Masruroh Wilda Layli , Badriyah Nur Lailatul
Published: August 2024

PKM ini menggunakan metode Speaking Marathon dengan melibatkan teori Mclyntire (2007) yang menghubungkan antara kemauan berkomunikasi dengan motivasi dan kekhawatiran dan belajar. PKM ini menggunakan pendekatan simulasi melalui teknis penggunaan pembelajaran terkait Speaking Marathon dan pendampingan. Dari hasil PKM ditemukan bahwa Speaking Marathon memberikan respon positif dalam meningkatkan kemauan berbicara siswa melalui aturan dalam metoda tersebut yang mengkesampingkan kesalahan berbahasa baik dari segi grammar, kosakata maupun pelafalan. Aturan tersebut dapat meminimalisir rasa khawatir siswa dalam melakukan kesalahan berbicara sehingga membangkitkan motivasi untuk terus berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris dengan percaya diri dan tanpa rasa takut, sehingga keraguan dan ketidakmauan berkomunikasi dalam bahasa Inggris dapat diminimalisir. Namun demikian, tetap dibutuhkan pendampingan dari guru pendamping dan ketekunan dari para siswa untuk terus berlatih dan mau belajar lebih baik lagi agar keterampilannya terus meningkat.
Analisa dan Perancangan Aplikasi Laporan Kegiatan Afkire PT. East Hope Bimo Menggunakan Metode OOAD
Authors: Eko Saputra Dimas Richo , Jasri Moh , Syaiful Syaiful , Bambang Bambang
Published: August 2024

PT. East Hope merupakan perusahaan pembibitan ayam petelur yang bertempat di desa Bimo Pakuiran yang baru didirikan pada tahun 2018 dan masih dalam tahap perkembangan. PT East Hope yang bergerak dibidang Peternakan, pada kegiatan afkire masih menggunakan pencatatan secara manual dalam penulisan laporan. Proses berjalan lambat dan kesalahan pencatatan laporan mudah terjadi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan prototype UI/UX Laporan kegiatan afkire yang dapat membantu perusahaan dalam membuat sebuah laporan tanpa adanya masalah. Pada penelitian ini metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan metode Prototype. Agar lebih memudahkan user untuk memahami desain yang di buat oleh peneliti. Sehingga lebih efisien dan mudah dengan desain sistem menggunakan UML (Unified Modelling Language) dan perancangan prototype sistem menggunakan software Figma
Sistem Informasi Pengajuan Izin Usaha Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Banyuwangi
Authors: Indah Indah
Published: August 2024

izin usaha menjadi salah satu hal yang penting untuk menjamin kualitas produk yang dihasilkan sehingga konsumen mendapatkan jaminan kualitas mutu yang baik sebagai Salah satu upaya untuk menjaga ketahanan pangan masyarakat adalah dengan adanya. Diera persaingan ketat antar perusahaan karena perkembangan teknologi yang membuka luasnya peluang pasar global menuntut palaku usaha berinovasi dalam mengembangkan usahanya sehingga tidak jarang oknum pelaku usaha melakukan hal yang dapat mengurangi mutu bara yang diproduksi.Dinas pertanian dan pangan berperan menjalanka tugas pemerintahan yang membawahi ketahanan pangan. Perannya dalam menjaga ketahan pangan adalah dengan adanya pelayanan izin usaha utamanya dibidang kesehatan hewan dan kesehatan masyarakat veteriner. Dalam proses pengajuan izin usaha memerlukan beberapa berkas yang perlu dilengkapi oleh pengusaha yang ingin mengajukan izin usaha. Termasuk form pengajuan izin yang berisi data diri pengusaha dan usaha yang diajukan. Namun terkadang bebrapa hal mengenai akurasi data dengan adanya beberapa kendala mulai dari proses pegantaran berkas, sampai pada pengisian form pengajuan manual  kurang efektif.Berdasarkan latar belakang yang dipaparkan diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah bagaimana merancang sistem informasi yang dapat membantu dan mengefisienkan proses pengajuan izin usaha. Maka penelitian ini menghasilkan “aplikasi pengajuan izin usaha dinas pertanian dan pangan banyuwangi” berbasis web yang efisien dan akurat
Strategi Peningkatan Daya Saing Wisata Tirta Agung Wonosari Bondowoso Melalui Transformasi Digital, Teknologi Augmented Reality, dan Sosial Media Marketing
Authors: Syafiih M . , Rojabi Awang Risaf , Firdaus Moch. Rifqi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menerapkan Model Prototype dengan integrasi teknologi Augmented Reality (AR) dan strategi Sosial Media Marketing (SMM) sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan daya saing dan pengalaman pengunjung di Tirta Agung Wonosari Bondowoso. Melalui metodologi penelitian eksploratif dan implementatif, kami merancang, mengembangkan, dan mengevaluasi model prototipe yang mencakup panduan wisata interaktif berbasis AR, integrasi SMM, dan elemen-elemen digital lainnya. Pada tahap desain konsep, kami mengidentifikasi tujuan utama yaitu meningkatkan interaktivitas dan keterlibatan pengunjung serta memperluas visibilitas destinasi melalui media sosial. Proses pengembangan melibatkan pemilihan platform AR, implementasi teknologi AR pada titik-titik khusus di Tirta Agung, dan integrasi strategi SMM untuk meningkatkan eksposur melalui platform media sosial terkemuka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan AR berhasil meningkatkan keterlibatan pengunjung dengan memberikan pengalaman interaktif dan informatif. Strategi SMM juga terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan visibilitas destinasi dan partisipasi aktif pengunjung dalam berbagi konten. Dalam tahap evaluasi, penelitian ini mengukur peningkatan jumlah kunjungan wisata, umpan balik positif pengunjung, dan dampak positif pada keberlanjutan destinasi. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan yang sangat berharga bagi pengelola destinasi wisata dalam mengadopsi teknologi digital dan strategi pemasaran untuk meningkatkan daya saing dan daya tarik wisata. Kesimpulan penelitian menyoroti potensi besar penerapan Model Prototype dengan AR dan SMM sebagai solusi holistik untuk destinasi wisata. Rekomendasi untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut termasuk pengembangan konten AR yang lebih lanjut, penguatan strategi SMM, dan pelatihan bagi pihak terkait untuk memastikan pemanfaatan optimal teknologi digital. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam konteks pengembangan destinasi wisata berbasis teknologi di era digital. Dengan fokus pada pengalaman pengunjung dan pemanfaatan media sosial, penelitian ini membuka jalan bagi penelitian dan pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam rangka mendukung pertumbuhan berkelanjutan destinasi wisata Tirta Agung Wonosari Bondowoso
Spiritual Frameworks: Enhancing Student Discipline and Motivation through Islamic Organizational Culture
Authors: Ristianto Fadjrie Mahardika , Tarifin Ahmad , Nisa Fakhrun , Syarifa Ifta Nur , Muadibah Ni’malul
Published: August 2024

This study focuses on the influence of the integration of Islamic values in school organizational culture on student discipline and motivation in vocational schools. This study aims to explore how religious practices such as congregational prayers and morning prayers can shape students' character and improve the quality of their learning. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design, which involves participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the Islamic values applied in this school play a significant role in increasing student discipline, responsibility, and motivation. These religious practices also create a conducive and harmonious learning environment, where students feel more focused and ready to learn. The implications of this study show that the integration of spiritual values in school culture can be an effective strategy in education management to improve academic achievement and shape the character of students with integrity
KONTRAK KONSTRUKSI INFRASTRUKTUR DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2017 TENTANG JASA KONSTRUKSI
Authors: Manurung Edison Hatoguan
Published: August 2024

Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2017 Tentang Jasa Konstruksi merupakan dasar penyelenggaraan bidang Jasa Konstruksi yang meliputi dasar pelaksanaan kegiatan konstruksi melalui kontrak konstruksi. Undang-Undang ini tidak mengatur mengenai ketentuan teknis kontrak konstruksi sehingga masih menyimpan potensi munculnya perbuatan merugikan bagi penyedia jasa konstruksi. Padahal di dalam prakteknya ketentuan teknis inilah yang menjadi awal masalah dari kontrak konstruksi. Artikel bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kontrak konstruksi yang memberikan perlindungan bagi penyedia jasa konstruksi agar terhindar dari perbuatan merugikan yang muncul karena itikad baik dalam kontrak konstruksi masih tidak jelas wujudnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual tentang kontrak konstruksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia belum mengatur konsep perbuatan tidak merugikan sebagai klausul wajib dalam kontrak konstruksi. Belum ada jaminan perlindungan hukum dalam kaitannya dengan perbuatan tidak merugikan bagi penyedia jasa dalam kontrak konstruksi. Perlu diatur dalam perundang-undangan jasa konstruksi perihal perbuatan tidak merugikan sebagai klausul wajib dalam kontrak konstruksi, agar perbuatan tidak merugikan dalam pelaksanaan kontrak konstruksi tidak lagi terjadi. Bentuk perlindungan hukum yang muncul dari konsep perbuatan tidak merugikan yaitu secara konkret perlu dibentuk Peraturan Presiden khusus yang mengatur perihal Pengadaan Jasa Konstruksi untuk Pembangunan  Infrastruktur milik Pemerintah yang berbeda dengan pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah secara umum.Kata Kunci: Infrastruktur, Konstrak Konstruksi, Pengguna Jasa, Konstruksi, Penyedia Jasa Konstruksi.
FACTORS AFFECTING CONTRAPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR TREND OF PDAM EMPLOYEES IN PADANG, WEST SUMATERA
Authors: Huseno Tun
Published: August 2024

The phenomenon of counterproductive behavior is not uncommon in the workplace, including private companies, BUMN/BUMD and government offices. Counterproductive behavior can have a negative impact on the long-term existence of the organization as it hinders the organization from achieving its desired goals. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the tendency of counterproductive behavior, namely narcissism, person job fit, person organizational environment fit and collective culture towards counterproductive behavior in PDAM (Municipal Water Utility Company) employees in Padang, West Sumatera. The sample used in this study was 155 respondents. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis using the statistical t test. Based on the results of the study, it was found that narcissism indeed has a significant effect on counterproductive behavior tendencies. On the contrary, person job fit, individual suitability for the work environment and collective culture have no significant effect on counterproductive behavior.
Key words: Narcissism; person - job fit, person work environment fit, Collective Culture and Counter Productive Behavior
HARAPAN PEMERATAAN MENGHADIRKAN KESENJANGAN: ANALISIS DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN SISTEM ZONASI PENERIMAAN PESERTA DIDIK BARU (PPDB) KOTA TANJUNGPINANG
Authors: Winarti Novi , Rahmi Khairi , Charin Rizky Octa Putri
Published: August 2024

Kebijakan Sistem Zonasi PPDB di Kota Tanjungpinang merupakan kebijakan pendidikan yang dimaksudkan untuk percepatan pemerataan akses dan mutu pendidikan di Kota Tanjungpinang. Namun implementasi kebijakan sistem zonasi PPDB di Kota Tanjungpinang memunculkan beberapa fenomena, yaitu adanya 2 (dua) sekolah dasar yang tutup pada awal tahun 2023, kenyataan ini menjadi tamparan keras bagi pemerintah daerah. Adanya mekanisme zonasi juga menjadikan akreditasi sekolah tidak berarti, banyak atau sedikit jumlah siswa bukan berdasarkan kualitas dari sekolah tersebut melainkan hanya berdasarkan jarak tempuh. Beberapa fenomena tersebut menimbulkan pertanyaan bagaimana dampak kebijakan sistem zonasi PPDB di Kota Tanjungpinang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Kajian ini mengacu pada teori evaluasi kebijakan William Dunn, sehingga penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan: Pertama, kebijakan ini belum berhasil mencapai pemerataan akses dan kualitas pendidikan. Kedua, meskipun menggunakan sistem online/daring, efisiensi sumber daya manusia dan waktu tercapai, tetapi ketidakmerataan jumlah sekolah menyebabkan efisiensi ini menjadi tidak signifikan. Ketiga, mekanisme penerimaan siswa baru masih menimbulkan beragam kontroversial karena masih banyak tindakan kecurangan yang terjadi. Keempat, dampak kebijakan tidak tersebar secara merata di Kota Tanjungpinang, dengan sejumlah sekolah yang kelebihan siswa dan lainnya harus ditutup karena minim siswa. Kelima, walaupun merespons kebutuhan awal, kebijakan ini masih memunculkan beberapa masalah dan respon positif dari target grup lebih dominan daripada respon negatif. Keenam, sistem zonasi PPDB belum tepat sasaran karena kriteria zonasi belum jelas dan transparansi pelaksanaannya masih rendah.
Kata kunci; Dampak; Kebijakan; Sistem Zonasi; Pendidikan
TRACKING THE ROLE OF LEMBAGA ADAT TANA SAMAWA AS AN INFORMAL DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTION IN THE LOCAL POLITICAL ARENA IN SUMBAWA
Authors: Wahyudi Johan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explain how informal democratic institutions, such as aristocracy and customary institutions, interact with formal democratic institutions within the framework of modern state institutions. This study was conducted in the Sumbawa Regency by considering the Lembaga Adat Tana Samawa (Tana Samawa Customary Institution) which is the embodiment of the revitalization of the Sumbawa Sultanate as an informal democratic institution. This study aims to further trace how aristocracy in Sumbawa, represented by Tana Samawa Customary Institution (LATS), plays a role in local democracy. This study uses Helme and Levitsky's analytical framework to examine how informal institutions are positioned relative to formal institutions as seen in four typologies; (1) complementary informal institutions, (2) accommodating informal institutions, (3) competing informal institutions, and (4) substitutive informal institutions. By interviewing Sumbawa LATS administrators, Sumbawa regional leaders, and document studies, this research shows that LATS Sumbawa Regency can complement the role of formal institutions and accommodate formal institutions.
Keywords; Informal Democracy, Formal Democracy, Lembaga Adat Tana Samawa (LATS), Sumbawa
Effect of premix 'laura' feeding on the highly productive lactating cows during the initial milking period
Authors: Lebedenko Anna , Klimenko Vladimir
Published: August 2024

Efficiency of premix 'Laura' and its influences on animal physiological state, productivity, milk quality was studied at feeding the resent calving lactating cows in the initial milking period. The volatile oils, vitamins and antioxidants there are in the composition of this premix. In the breeding farm "Poyma" (the branch of Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology) the trial was carried out on Holstein cows with milk productivity of 10 000 kg during 305 days of lactation. These cows were blocked by pair-analog method in 4 groups, which were fed by balanced diet of bulking feeds by own production and purchased concentrated feeds (control group). The cows of experimental groups obtained additionally premix 'Laura' in the different doses: 2, 5 and 7 g/head per day. It has been found out positive effect of the feed additive for average milk yield per day, fat and protein content in milk, biochemical parameters of blood. The most appropriate variant of 'Laura' premix addition to diet has been determined as 5 g/head per day. Due increasing the average per day milk yield with basic fat content of 6.6% in comparison to animals that did not have a feed additive in the diet, an income of 10903.3 rubles per cow was obtained for 90 days of experience.
Fodder beet in peasant farms in the forest zone
Authors: Shpakov Anatoly
Published: August 2024

In peasant farms that keep dairy livestock, with hay feeding during the stall period, fodder beet is the most important component of ration optimization. According to generalized data [1; 2; 3; 4], the introduction of root crops into the rations of dairy cows increases milk productivity by up to 10%, feed palatability by 10–11%, organic matter digestibility by 5–8%, and nitrogen utilization by 3–5%. During the stall period, fodder beet is the main source of readily soluble carbohydrates and amino acids (asparagine, cysteine, glutamine, arginine, etc.). 1 kg of dry matter of root crops contains 12.5–12.7 MJ of metabolic energy, which is equivalent to grain crops and allows reducing the need for concentrates. A significant advantage of the crop in small businesses and subsidiary farms is its high productivity, as well as the technology of cultivation, storage and use of root crops with maximum use of manual labor.
Delivery mode and maternal gestational diabetes are important factors in shaping the neonatal initial gut microbiota
Authors: Shi Xuan , Liu Yanfang , Ma Teng , Jin Hao , Zhao Feiyan , Sun Zhihong
Published: August 2024

Background

The infant gut microbiome’s establishment is pivotal for health and immune development. Understanding it unveils insights into growth, development, and maternal microbial interactions. Research often emphasizes gut bacteria, neglecting the phageome.

Methods

To investigate the influence of geographic or maternal factors (mode of delivery, mode of breastfeeding, gestational diabetes mellitus) on the gut microbiota and phages of newborns, we collected fecal samples from 34 pairs of mothers and their infants within 24 hours of delivery from three regions (9 pairs from Enshi, 7 pairs from Hohhot, and 18 pairs from Hulunbuir) using sterile containers. Gut microbiota analysis by Shotgun sequencing was subsequently performed.

Results

Our results showed that geographic location affects maternal gut microbiology (P < 0.05), while the effect on infant gut microbiology was not significant (P = 0.184). Among the maternal factors, mode of delivery had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on the newborn. Specific bacteria (e.g., Bacteroides, Escherichia spp., Phocaeicola vulgatus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus hominis, Veillonella spp.), predicted active metabolites, and bacteriophage vOTUs varied with delivery mode. Phocaeicola vulgatus significantly correlated with some metabolites and bacteriophages in the early infant gut (P < 0.05). In the GD group, a strong negative correlation of phage diversity between mother and infants was observed (R = -0.58, P=0.04).

Conclusion

In conclusion, neonatal early gut microbiome (including bacteria and bacteriophages) colonization is profoundly affected by the mode of delivery, and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus. The key bacteria may interact with bacteriophages to influence the levels of specific metabolites. Our study provides new evidence for the study of the infant microbiome, fills a gap in the analysis of the infant gut microbiota regarding the virome, and emphasizes the importance of maternal health for the infant initial gut virome.
Isolation and characterization of two novel bacteriophages against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Senhaji-Kacha Abrar , Bernabéu-Gimeno Mireia , Domingo-Calap Pilar , Aguilera-Correa John Jairo , Seoane-Blanco Mateo , Otaegi-Ugartemendia Sara , van Raaij Mark J. , Esteban Jaime , García-Quintanilla Meritxell
Published: August 2024

The increase of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a global health emergency and the need to explore alternative therapeutic options arises. Phage therapy uses bacteriophages to target specific bacterial strains. Phages are highly specific and can target resistant bacteria. Currently, research in this regard is focused on ensuring reliability and safety to bring this tool into clinical practice. The first step is to conduct comprehensive preclinical research. In this work, we present two novel bacteriophages vB_Kpn_F13 and vB_Kpn_F14 isolated against clinical carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains obtained from hospital sewage. Multiple studies in vitro were conducted, such as sequencing, electron microscopy, stability, host range infectivity, planktonic effect and biofilm inhibition in order to discover their ability to be used against carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae pathogens causing difficult-to-treat infections.
Pythium insidiosum: an emerging pathogen that is easily misdiagnosed and given treatment as a fungus
Authors: Hu Liuyang , Huang Xiulu , Yee Ngan Hung , Meng Huixia , Jiang Li , Liang Liang , Chen Xingchun
Published: August 2024

Background

Pythium insidiosum (P. insidiosum) is the causative agent of pythiosis, an infectious disease with a high morbidity and fatality rate. Pythiosis cases have increased dramatically during the past ten years, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. Sadly, microbiologists and medical professionals know very little about pythiosis, and the disease is frequently challenging to identify. It is frequently misdiagnosed as a fungal infection.

Methods

We report two cases of pythiosis, one was Pythium keratitis, the other was cutaneous pythiosis. The patient with corneal infection had no underlying disease, while the patient with cutaneous pythiosis had a history of liver cirrhosis, diabetes, and psoriasis. The corneal sample and subcutaneous pus were sent for metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS). To further diagnose the isolated strain, P. insidiosum zoospores were induced to produce by co-incubation with sterile grass leaves in sterile pond water. Their zoospores were used as an inoculum for drug susceptibility testing by disk diffusion and broth microdilution method.

Results

The mNGS of two cases were reported as P. insidiosum. Zoospores were produced after incubation 48h. The zoospores were collected for drug susceptibility assay. All antifungal drugs, antibacterial drugs of β-Lactams, vancomycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin have no inhibitory activity against P. insidiosum in vitro. Minocycline, tigecycline, linezolid, erythromycin and azithromycin have significant in vitro activity against P. insidiosum. Based on the susceptibility results, the drug was changed from itraconazole to linezolid and minocycline, along with multiple debridements and drainage for cutaneous pythiosis. The patient was discharged after 24 days of treatment.

Conclusions

Early and accurate identification, combined with aggressive surgical debridement and appropriate drug therapy, can greatly improve patient managements. Conventional culture and zoospore induction remain gold standard for diagnosis; however, DNA-based method should be performed simultaneously. The drug susceptibility testing provides profound effects on proper drug selection against P. insidiosum.
Imaging for the diagnosis of acute myocarditis: can artificial intelligence improve diagnostic performance?
Authors: Shyam-Sundar Vijay , Harding Daniel , Khan Abbas , Abdulkareem Musa , Slabaugh Greg , Mohiddin Saidi A. , Petersen Steffen E. , Aung Nay
Published: August 2024

Myocarditis is a cardiovascular disease characterised by inflammation of the heart muscle which can lead to heart failure. There is heterogeneity in the mode of presentation, underlying aetiologies, and clinical outcome with impact on a wide range of age groups which lead to diagnostic challenges. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is the preferred imaging modality in the diagnostic work-up of those with acute myocarditis. There is a need for systematic analytical approaches to improve diagnosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are increasingly used in CMR and has been shown to match human diagnostic performance in multiple disease categories. In this review article, we will describe the role of CMR in the diagnosis of acute myocarditis followed by a literature review on the applications of AI and ML to diagnose acute myocarditis. Only a few papers were identified with limitations in cases and control size and a lack of detail regarding cohort characteristics in addition to the absence of relevant cardiovascular disease controls. Furthermore, often CMR datasets did not include contemporary tissue characterisation parameters such as T1 and T2 mapping techniques, which are central to the diagnosis of acute myocarditis. Future work may include the use of explainability tools to enhance our confidence and understanding of the machine learning models with large, better characterised cohorts and clinical context improving the diagnosis of acute myocarditis.
Health-related quality of life and associated factors in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients at University of Gondar Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Belay Agonafir Daniel , Mulat Worku Biruk , Alemu Hailemaryam , Nega Godana Tilahun , Fentahun Bekele Shibabaw , Andargie Berhane Abel , Getahun Ayalew Desalew , Sisay Assefa Belete , Alemiye Molla Fikadu , Lema Legese Gebrehiwot
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Living with heart failure poses challenges due to its poor prognosis and impact on quality of life, making it crucial to assess how it affects patients for better patient-centered management. This study aimed to assess quality of life and associated factors in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia, 2023.

Methods

An “institution-based” cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialised Hospital. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Health-related quality of life was measured using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, biochemical, and echocardiographic characteristics were included in the questionnaire. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and exported into SPSS version 25 for analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis (p < 0.05) was used to measure the degree of association between quality of life and independent variables.

Results

A total of 240 patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction participated in the study. The health-related quality of life scores for the physical, emotional, and total were 17.60 ± 10.33, 10.58 ± 6.33 and 46.12 ± 26.06, respectively. Health-related quality of life was significantly associated with age, marital status, occupation, income, heart failure duration, recent hospitalization, New York Heart Association functional class, heart failure etiology, atrial fibrillation comorbidity, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, heart failure medications, severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and severe or moderate pulmonary hypertension.

Conclusion

This study found that patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction had poor health-related quality of life, influenced by identified factors. These findings aid professionals in assessing and identifying interventions that improve these patients’ quality of life.
Analysis on numerical simulation and fracture mechanics model of water inrush of floor with hidden faults under dynamic and static loads
Authors: Zhao Xianwei , Yang Dengfeng , Zhu Yanyan , Zeng Aiping
Published: August 2024

The mining activation of hidden faults under dynamic and static loads is an important reason for the occurrence of floor water inrush disasters in deep coal seam mining. The formation and evolution mechanism of water inrush channel caused by mining on the floor of hidden faults were analyzed through numerical simulation, from the perspective of fracture mechanics, a model was constructed to explore the influence of combined dynamic and static loads on the propagation of water with cracks. A conclusion was drawn that the effects of mining stress and confined water have led to rapid expansion of hidden fault cracks and significant improvement in permeability, at the same time, the confined water in the hidden fault also has a scouring and expansion effect on the cracks, accelerating their development speed. There are spatial and temporal differences in the penetration patterns of hidden faults at different positions of floor, and the closer it is to the goaf, the more likely it is to experience activation of hidden faults and water inrush. When there are multiple hidden small faults in the floor, there is an alternating change between the water inrush growth area and the flow stable area with similar cyclic characteristics. The effect of dynamic load will increase the pore pressure in cracks, and increase the stress intensity factor at the crack tip, and more easily induce crack expansion and penetration failure. The critical water pressure calculation equation for crack propagation and failure under dynamic and static loads was derived, and the calculation method for the minimum safe thickness of the floor was further analyzed, the influence of water pressure, crack length, inclination angle, and mining depth on it was discussed. The effect of dynamic load will increase the pore pressure in cracks, and increase the stress intensity factor at the crack tip, and more easily induce crack expansion and penetration failure. Finally, the theoretical analysis results were verified by an engineering examples. The research results can provide theoretical basis for predicting and preventing water inrush from the mining floor, which is beneficial for the safe and sustainable mining of coal mines.
The prognostic value of preoperative plasma fibrinogen in Asian patients with urothelial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bao Zhengqing , Li Guizhong , He Feng , Xu Xiao , Liu Zhenhua , Wang Jianwei
Published: August 2024

Objective

We conducted this meta-analysis to comprehensively explore the prognostic value of the preoperative plasma fibrinogen in Asian patients diagnosed with urothelial cancer (UC).

Methods

After a systematic search of Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase before May 2024, we included 10 studies in our meta-analysis. The hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and progression free survival (PFS) were estimated using fixed effect model.

Results

This meta-analysis included a total of 2875 patients. UC patients with an elevated preoperative plasma fibrinogen had worse OS (pooled HR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.81-2.51; P<0.001), CSS (pooled HR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.83-2.70; P<0.001), RFS (pooled HR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.59-2.27; P<0.001), and PFS (pooled HR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.36-3.29, P=0.001). No significant heterogeneity or publication bias was found. Additionally, statistically significant pooled HRs were also calculated in subgroup analysis when stratified by cancer type, country, and cut-off value.

Conclusions

The presence of elevated preoperative plasma fibrinogen levels is significantly correlated with unfavorable tumor outcomes in UCs.
Forest conservation as a CO2 offset measure: a case of an urban development project in Finland
Authors: Järveläinen Mikko , Pihlainen Sampo , Karhu Kristiina , Österberg Nico , Mäkipää Raisa
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the carbon offset potential in Espoo, Finland, by comparing a construction-impacted deforestation site with a larger conserved forest area. Addressing a knowledge gap in localized forest conservation as a CO2 offset method, our research quantifies the carbon stock and sequestration impacts under both baseline and alternative scenarios for the two study sites. The baseline scenario for offset site reflects standard forest management practices, while the alternative scenario involves complete forest conservation without active management. Our findings reveal that the conserved forest (79 ha), dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), increased its carbon stock by 26 Mg C ha−1 in soil and 65 Mg C ha−1 in biomass. This enhancement is sufficient to compensate for the smaller deforestation site’s (19 ha), also containing a mix of Norway spruce and Scots pine, stock loss of 186 Mg C ha−1 in soil and 43 Mg C ha−1 in biomass. Furthermore, this study illuminates the complexities of CO2 compensation regulation and emphasizes the necessity for robust, transparent carbon accounting practices. The insights offer a valuable perspective on integrating nature-based solutions in urban planning to achieve broader ecological and climate goals.
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals tumor microenvironment remodeling in hepatocellular carcinoma with varying tumor subclonal complexity
Authors: Shi Jian , Zhang Yanru , Xu Lixia , Wang Fang
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The complexity of tumor cell subclonal structure has been extensively investigated in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of subclonal complexity in reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains poorly understood.

Methods

We integrated single-cell transcriptome sequencing data from four independent HCC cohorts, involving 30 samples, to decode the associations between tumor subclonal complexity and the TME. We proposed a robust metric to accurately quantify the degree of subclonal complexity for each sample based on discrete copy number variations (CNVs) profiles.

Results

We found that tumor cells in the high-complexity group originated from the cell lineage with FGB overexpression and exhibited high levels of transcription factors associated with poor survival. In contrast, tumor cells in low-complexity patients showed activation of more hallmark signaling pathways, more active cell-cell communications within the TME and a higher immune activation status. Additionally, cytokines signaling activity analysis suggested a link between HMGB1 expressed by a specific endothelial subtype and T cell proliferation.

Discussion

Our study sheds light on the intricate relationship between the complexity of subclonal structure and the TME, offering novel insights into potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
Exploring the molecular and immune landscape of cellular senescence in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ru Kun , Cui Liang , Wu Cong , Tan Xin X. , An Wen T. , Wu Qiang , Ma Yu T. , Hao Yu , Xiao Xiao , Bai Jing , Liu Xiang , Xia Xue F. , Zhao Miao Q.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The connection between aging and cancer is complex. Previous research has highlighted the association between the aging process of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells and the immune response, yet there remains a gap in confirming this through single-cell data validation. Here, we aim to develop a novel aging-related prognostic model for LUAD, and verify the alterations in the genome and immune microenvironment linked to cellular senescence.

Methods

We integrated a comprehensive collection of senescence genes from the GenAge and CellAge databases and employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox analysis to construct and validate a novel prognostic model for LUAD. This model was then utilized to examine the relationship between aging, tumor somatic mutations, and immune cell infiltration. Additionally, we explored the heterogeneity of senescence and intercellular communication within the LUAD tumor microenvironment (TME) through single-cell transcriptomic data analysis.

Results

By exploring the expression profiles of 586 cellular senescence-related genes in 428 LUAD patients, we constructed an aging-related genes (ARGs) risk model included 10 ARGs and validated it as an independent prognostic predictor for LUAD patients. Notably, patients with low aging scores (LAS group) exhibited better survival, lower tumor mutation burden (TMB), lower somatic mutation frequency, lower tumor proliferation rate, and an immune activated phenotype compared to patients with high aging scores (HAS group). While the HAS group was enriched in tumor cells and showed a lower infiltration of CD8-CCR7, CD8- CXCL13, CD8-GNLY, FCGR3A NK cells, XCL1 NK cells, plasma cell (PC) and other immune subsets. Furthermore, the SPP1 and TENASCIN pathways, associated with tumor immune escape and tumor progression, were also enriched in the HAS group. Additionally, our study also indicated that senescence levels were heterogeneous in the LUAD tumor microenvironment (TME), especially with tumor cells in the LAS group showing higher age scores compared to those in the HAS group.

Conclusions

Collectively, our findings underscore that ARRS through ARGs serves as a robust biomarker for the prognosis in LUAD.