bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
運用SWOT去探討量子科技的發展
Authors: 賀增原 賀增原
Published: February 2023

2021年5月14日科技政策研究與資訊中心公布全球主要16個國家把量子科技列為國家發展戰略計畫，總計投入約246億美元的經費；中共投入量子研發的經費是我國36倍，究竟先進國家投入大量資金在什麼領域?本文嘗試以專利的趨勢來說明量子技術中主要的發展。

跨國合作：雖然美國、中國大陸與日本是太空量子科技的主要發展國家，從歐洲專利公約中可以瞭解申請者與發明者之間的合作關聯圖；得知部分的歐洲人，例如：英國人與法國人雖然量子科技不如美國、中國大陸與日本那般投入，但利用跨國的合作，也可以提升量子科技的水準。

伴隨著量子技術快速的發展，使得傳統的密碼系統在通信安全上備受挑戰，取代傳統密碼學的後量子密碼學已漸漸受到重視，因此美國國家標準暨技術研究院希望可以透過競賽，制定後量子密碼的標準。

量子科技的發展也促成量子國家隊到位，藉此提升臺灣特有的量子科技軟硬體技術，並且落實至產業，帶動產業持續在國際上資訊與通信科技的競爭力。

 
Antimicrobial activity of Dibenzalacetone (C17H14O)
Authors: Raymond Compton Jagessar  , Coco Dawn Barthod
Published: February 2023

Dibenzalacetone was synthesized via the base catalysed condensation reaction between acetone and benzaldehyde. This study was done to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compound dibenzalacetone (C17H14O) against four human pathogenic microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginiosa and the fungus Candida albicans. The highest area of zone of inhibition of 68.23 mm2 was induced against Candida albicans and the lowest AZOI of 37.55 mm2 was induced against E.coli. Staphylococcus aureus was totally resistant to the drug, in that zero zone of inhibition was induced against dibenzalacetone. The order of antimicrobial potency followed the sequence: Candida albicans > Klebsiella pneumoniae > Pseudomonas aeruginosa > Staphylococcus aureus. However, its antimicrobial potency was lowered than that of standard synthetic drug, Ampicillin and Ketoconazole.
ASSOCIATING BIOSECURITY TO PREFERENCES
Authors: Aila Fredrick , Ombok Benjamin
Published: February 2023

Poultry biosecurity refers to procedures used to prevent the introduction and spread of disease carrying organisms in poultry flocks. Literature shows that indigenous chickens are not produced in biosecure conditions raising risk profiles of zoonotic infections such as Campylobacter. Prior studies do not take cognizance of this biosecurity situation and fail to focus final consumers. This paper aims at associating biosecurity principles to consumer preferences for indigenous chickens. Primary data are collected from a population of 5,738 university students aged 18 years and above enrolled in campuses located in Kisumu City in Kenya in 2013. Out of 378 questionnaires sent out 281 useful questionnaires are returned. Respondent’s belief that biosecurity principles influence their behavioral intentions (preferences) is assessed using a summated scale. Spearman’s rank correlation reveals that both positive and negative consumer attitudes are significantly associated with consumer preferences. Respondents’ occupation, residence, marital status, and cultural inclination have significant positive association with consumer preferences. Biosecurity principles are significantly positively associated with consumer preferences, however, its magnitude is smaller than expected while its direction does not conform to literature. It is concluded that biosecurity principles are positively associated to consumer preferences. The study has managerial implications in agricultural marketing.
APROACHING TO HOSOYA INDEX
Authors: Dato Ruiz Juan Manuel
Published: February 2023

Chemistry must not be an Experimental Science, its nature is engineering. For that reason, some methods look for working in a bureau better than in laboratory. Constructing models to get the conversion from Theory and Practice complete is one of the most logic projects everyone is very confident for doing. So, in the other side, Informatics and Engineering of Computers must open gateways to make possible the Management of the Molecular Design easily. But experts of computers know what kind of barriers exists, the strongest for Graph Theory is counting cases which assert something expected: those problems are defined and usually counted in Sharp-P class. This document try to approach technology to any required petition from that expects more from computers.
THE EFFECT OF SALINITY ON RUBINIA TINCTORUM ROOT PIGMENTS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH SOME SOIL CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Ardakani Hosein Razi , Mirmohammadi Meibodi Ali Mohammad , Hakimi Meibodi Mohammad Hosein , Mirjalili Fatemeh , Hakimzadeh Mohammad Ali
Published: February 2023

Rubinia tinctorum is a perennial herb plant. It is resistant to salinity and it has one of the strangest plant red colors which are used in the dye industry especially in the carpet industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of soil salinity on Rubinia tinctorum pigments, in the areas under cultivation of it. So, an experiment was done on the basis of a completely randomized design with three replications. Soil samples were taken from 6 regions under cultivation of Rubinia tinctorum in Yazd province. After determining the electrical conductivity of soil samples, they were classified into three groups of  4, 4-8, and 8-16 ds/m and the effect of salinity on desire parameters was investigated. Data analysis was done using SPSS and Excel software. The results showed that the amount of wool brightness (L*) decreased from 40 to 32.38 following soil salinity increase from the level of less than 4 to the level of 8-16 ds/m, but the amount of A* (redness and greenness) and B* (yellowness and blueness) parameters was increased with increasing soil salinity (P<0.01). The results indicated that there is a positive correlation between B* parameter and soil acidity so that B* parameter increases after increasing acidity (p<0.01). There is a positive correlation between electrical conductivity and A* parameter while there is a negative correlation between L* parameter and EC, Calcium and Magnesium, SAR (p<0.01). Totally, the quality of Rubinia tinctorum color was increased with increasing soil salinity. So, progressing toward economic production of this industrial and medicinal plant is possible by planting Rubinia tinctorum in saline soils which are inappropriate for most plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION FROM USE AND THROW ATTITUDE OF THE HUMANS
Authors: Paramanik Rabin Chandra , Paramanik Achinto
Published: February 2023

In this present research paper the challenges   in the sustenance of life and a dream of offering our future a better place to live-in is discussed. Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife. We have only one EARTH. Our environment is deteriorating through depletion and pollution of resources such as air, water and soil. There are problems at different hierarchy-local, regional, national and global. Bangalore, one of the major centers of outsourcing activity, has grown rapidly both demographically and economically and as a result is facing myriad urban infrastructural and environmental problems. Urban consumption is quite visible in the mushrooming of opulent apartment complexes and upscale shopping malls, hotels, and restaurants. The elite and the poor differ in their consumption patterns and therefore in their impacts on the environment. But, environmental degradation is evident at both ends of the income spectrum- the rich pollute due to the wasteful overuse of resources and the poor degrade the environment by surviving at its expense. With increasing population and income, the lifestyle of urban residents is changing. Urban India is thus becoming a ―throw – away society‖. The tonnage of solid wastes is disposed of each day by our consumer society. This mounting problem is due to the negligence attitude and shopping habits. The burden is on family ill- health and onset of variety epidemics. The Tsunami, earthquakes, high temperature and certain unknown diseases are instances of environmental disturbances.
UNPLANNED URBANISATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
Authors: Paramanik Rabin Chandra , Paramanik Achinto
Published: February 2023

Urbanization is an inevitable phenomenon for the country like Bangladesh. The push and pull factors help to migrate people from rural area to urban area. As a result haphazard and unplanned urbanization create environmental degradation. Survey data reveals that inadequate solid waste disposal services, lack of adequate public water supply, traffic congestion, water logging, air pollution, noise pollution, hill cutting are the main problems in the city area. Concentration of dust as well as SOx, NOx exceeded the allowable limit at the selected points. Groundwater level of Sylhet city has a considerable lowering over the last few decades. It has lowered from 3380 mm below ground in 1982 to 7880 mm below ground. Sylhet is located in highly seismic risk zone but most of the buildings and other structures in this area are constructed without considering earthquake risk. Environmental degradation index was calculated based on economic condition of the country.
ROLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN REDUCING POLLUTION
Authors: Paramanik Rabin Chandra , Paramanik Achinto
Published: February 2023

Looking at the Nano scale has stimulated the development and use of novel and costeffective technologies for remediation, pollution detection, catalysis and others. Nanotechnology is defined as the creation of functional materials, devices and systems through control of matter on the nanometer (1-100 nm) length scale and the exploitation of novel properties and phenomena developed at that scale. Environmental nanotechnology is considered to play a key role in the shaping of current environmental engineering and science. Nanotechnology is an upcoming technology that can provide solution for combating pollution by controlling shape and size of materials at the Nano scale. This review provides comprehensive information regarding the role of nanotechnology in pollution control at three different steps viz. Source reduction or pollution prevention, remediation or degradation of pollutants and sensing of pollutants. Due to its large surface area and high surface energy, the nanoparticles have the ability to absorb large amount of pollutants or catalyze reactions at a much faster rate, thus reducing energy consumption during degradation or helps in preventing release of contaminants. Pollution prevention by nanotechnology refers on the one hand to a reduction in the use of raw materials, water or other resources and the elimination or reduction of waste and on the other hand to more efficient use of energy or involvement in energy production. The Nano size of the particles also make it possible to reach otherwise inaccessible areas and hence promote in-situ remediation rather than ex-situ remediation. The ability of the nanoparticles to be coated with various ligands and control of surface area to volume ratio by changing the shape of the nanoparticle Nanotechnology and the environment – is it therefore a Janus-faced relationship. There is the huge hope that Nano technological applications and products will lead to a cleaner and healthier environmentrticles enables the design of sensors with high selectivity, sensitivity and specificity.
DISTRIBUTION OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI IN TECTONA GRANDIS LINN.F
Authors: Gorky A. , Jenifer Dr. S.
Published: February 2023

Isolation and enumeration of endophytic fungi from leaf samples of  Tectona grandis L.f was carried out in Thanjavur District of Tamilnadu India.During the study period, a total of 140 fungi were isolated from PDA medium and Different fungal species namely Alternaria sp.,, Colletotrichum sp.,,  Phomopsis sp., Penicillium sp.,, Schizophyllu sp.,, Xylariaceae Sp.,,  Schizophyllum Sp., Nigrospora sp., Fusarium sp., The  Lower portion of leaf sample was most frequently colonized Penicillium sp, Schizophyllum Sp., Fusarium sp.,  and Xylariaceae sp,, (15%),Followed by   Alternaria sp, Colletotrichum sp, and Phomopsis sp(13.5%), whereas Nigrospora sp., was found only in young leaves.However,from the upper region was most frequently colonized by Alternaria sp (10%)followed by Xylariaceae sp.,, , Colletotrichum sp, Phomopsis sp.,  (8.5%).%) and Fusarium sp.,( 5.0%) and sterile mycelium(4.5%). There was the significant Differenes in the type of colonization of fungus with reference to reason and location.However,from the upper region was most frequently colonized by Alternaria sp (10%)followed by Xylariaceae sp.,, , Colletotrichum sp,and  Phomopsis sp.,  (8.5%).Whereas at upper portion of leaf segment was mostly similar colonized by Alternaria sp(15%), Colletotrichum sp,and  Phomopsis sp.,Fusarium sp., (13.5%).It was noticed in general, that the colonization frequency of some of those fungi, Alternaria sp,Schizophyllum sp, Xylariaceae sp, and sterile mycelium was little higher percentage in lower portion of the leaf. The findings in the present study is also agreement with finding of Bills (1996).who reported large number of fungal species isolated as entophytes from the leaves of this plant sp. The study of entophytic fungus in Ticino grandis suggests that there is a need of larger survey in relation to various seasons to study the diversity existing in this species and their seasonal variability on endophytes colonization. They showed colonization frequency was greater during rainy season than summer and winter.
SOIL PLANT NUTRIENT STATUS UNDER INTENSIVE RICE-FARMING SYSTEMS IN UNFAVORABLE ECO-SYSTEMS OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Saha P K , Islam S , Islam M N , Biswas , J C , Haque Md Mozammel
Published: February 2023

Soil fertility and crop production varies depending on ecological factors and soil parent materials. A baseline study was conducted to delineate soil nutrient status of unfavorable ecosystems under different agro-ecological zones (AEZ) of Bangladesh (Char and saline, AEZ-18; submergence and cold, AEZ-3; tidal flood ecosystem, AEZ-13; drought and cold prone, AEZ-26 and haor area, AEZ-21). A total of 125 composite soil samples (10 samples/spot) were collected at 0-20 cm depth, maintained geographical positions and data on village, union, upazila, land type, soil series and land use patterns. Soil samples were analyzed for texture, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), exchangeable potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), available sulfur (S) and zinc (Zn). Soil pH was slightly acidic to neutral in AEZ-18, 3 and 13. In AEZ-21, soil was strongly acidic but neutral to slightly alkaline AEZ-26. In most locations, soil OM was below critical level (1.72%) in 80 to 96% samples. Soil N was below critical level (0.12%) in almost all samples except in AEZ-21. In AEZ-21, 100% samples showed P deficiency and in AEZ-26 it was 24%. In AEZ-3, 60% samples were K deficient and in AEZ-26 it was 40%. Thirty-two and 24% samples were S deficient in AEZ-3 and 26, respectively. The highest 84% samples were Zn deficient in AEZ-18 followed by AEZ-21 (48%). About 52% samples were Ca deficient in AEZ-3 followed by AEZ-21 (4%).  Nutrient status of soils was mostly low and varied among locations.
BACTERIOLOGICAL LOAD ASSESSMENT OF JUICE SOLD IN CAFTERIA AND HOTELS IN ARBA MINCH TOWN, GAMO GOFA, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA.
Authors: Weleni Diriba Leta , Naygaro Essayas
Published: February 2023

Fruit juices are the specialized drinks which are rich in vitamins and nutrients that can help prevent common birth defects as well as cancer and also contain enzymes that are essential for digestive process. The study was performed to evaluate the microbiological quality of locally processed juices such as mango and avocado juices from some selected hotels and cafeteria found in Arba Minch town. Four mango and Avocado, total 8 juice samples from two hotels and cafeterias were collected and their microbial load was analyzed in Microbiology laboratory on appropriate media by using serial dilution techniques followed by spread plate techniques. The highest colonies were observed from mango juice sample from cafeteria two and the lowest colony from hotel one are 94 colonies and 0 colony respectively. The mean bacterial count of avocado juice sample was 49500 cfu/ml which was relatively higher than the mean colonies of mango’s juice sample was 15420 cfu/ml. The total mean of bacterial colonies were 63750 cfu/ml from nutrient agar media, 16250 cfu/ml from Manito salt agar and 23250 cfu/ml from Macconkey in case of cafeteria as well as 41250 cfu/ml from nutrient agar media, 22250 cfu/ml from Manito salt agar and   28000 cfu/ml from Macconkey in case of hotels. Their for, juice venders that produce unpasteuralized mango avocado juices would be recommended that preventative measures through food safety control strategies is important.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF FROZEN SECTION COMPARED TO PERMANENT PATHOLOGY IN CAUSTIC INGESTION
Authors: Hajinasrollah Esmaeil
Published: February 2023

Introduction:-

Endoscopy is mandatory for assessment of severity of esophageal and gastric damage after corrosive burns. There are various mucosal damage classifications, which are unreliable for surgical decision making. Confirmation of endoscopic methods of burn depth estimation with pathologic findings is lacking. Faulty resection of burned esophagus and stomach based on mucosal damage also may be done.  Second look has its own problem, and diagnostic doubt may still remain because intra-operative findings have not enough validity for decision making. New modality for rapid an accurate assessment of injury depth may be frozen section.

Method and materials

This is a blinded prospective study to evaluate the accuracy of frozen section in estimation of burn depth.  Fifty one patients with grade 2 or 3 mucosal burn due to caustic injury underwent surgical exploration and biopsy taking. Samples reported by two pathologists.  Grading of samples either frozen section or permanent compared to each other. Intraoperative judgment of the surgeon compared with pathologic findings. Interrater reliability of examinations compared to each other by the kappa statistic. 

Results

Biopsy samples of fifty one patients with mean age of 33.4 years evaluated and compared to intra-operative findings .Thirty seven patients graded 2 and fourteen were in grade 3 endoscopy. At grade three, only 5 cases had the entire thickness of the stomach burn. Also, from 10 cases of gastrosophagectomy, 5 cases had mucous and under-mucous membranes burn. There were so many variations between pathologic diagnosis of burn depth and judgment of the surgeon (kappa<0.2).

Conclusion:

 Frozen section examination can be an accurate tool for final decision making in corrosive ingestion. Second look surgical exploration can be ignored from the management plan. Intraoperative opinion of a surgeon for estimating necrosis is not accurate. Futile resections are preventable, and Limited resection based on frozen section examination of burn margins will be possible. Limited resection probably made later reconstruction more feasible.
AIR POLLUTION: A CASE STUDY OF ASTHMA CHILDREN AND ADULTS IN THE URBAN ZONES
Authors: V. Murali Krishna Iyyanki , Prisilla  , M Aruna
Published: February 2023

The traffic pollution causes the risk of inhaling fresh air to be increased when the homes are exposed to the roadways or industries. The transportation vehicles emit CO, NO2, SO2 and PM2.5 which are closely related for the key cause of asthma or other chronic respiratory diseases in children and adults. The ultimate rise of nitrogen dioxide above 35 µg/m3 in the areas of Tarnaka, Abids, Nacharam and Zoo Park in Andhra Pradesh and peak rise of above 80 µg/m3 in nitrogen dioxide in the areas such as Pritampura, Townhall and Mayapuri industrial areas in the Delhi in the year 2012 showed more children and adults suffer from asthma, chronic illness. The Karnataka state showed the results of NO2 with 31µg/m3 in four places whereas in Uttar Pradesh, the highest reading of NO2 is found to be 34µg/m3 in Renusagar colony and DIC Nunhai in the year 2012.
FACTORS PREDISPOSING PERIANAL ABSCESS RECURRENCE IN PATIENT UNDERWENT INCISION AND DRAINAGE: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Hajinasrollah Dr Esmaeil , Parviz Rezaee Dr Seyed , Ashodari Dr Bahador , Rashno Dr Fariborz , Hadi Mirhashemi Dr Seyed , Souri Dr Mohsen
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

The perianal abscess recurrence is a common complication after the incision and drainage (I&D) intervention. We aimed to study the effect of other perianal diseases on treatment outcomes and recurrence of the perianal abscess in patients who undergone incision and drainage.

Methods:

During a retrospective study, in a two-year period, patients with perianal abscess underwent incision and drainage (I&D) enrolled study. Patient’s demographic features and abscess characteristics including location of the abscess, abscess superficial or deep position in pelvis, presence of the concomitant fistula and in hospital admission features such as length of hospital admission and postoperative pain severity recorded.

Results:

Perianal abscess recurrence was significantly higher in patients suffering Fischer lesion and fistula compared to patients without recurrence (P= 0.032 and P< 0.001). There was no significant correlation between abscess recurrence and postoperative complications, however, perianal fistula recurrence was significantly higher in patients who had previous history of the perianal fistula (P= 0.001). Patients with Fischer lesion had 25.35 times higher odds to exhibit abscess recurrence compared patients without Fischer. Previous history of the perianal fistula was associated with an increased likelihood of exhibiting perianal abscess recurrence up to 42.44 times higher odds.

Conclusion:

Patients with perianal abscess candidate to undergo incision and drainage suffering preoperative perianal fistula and Fischer lesion are at higher risk for development of the abscess recurrence.
ANALYSIS OF HEALTH CARE RESOURCES CONCENTRATION IN POLAND
Authors: Rój Justyna
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study is to measure the concentration level of health care resources such as the doctors, nurses with midwives, outpatient entities and general hospital beds in Poland. It will also allow to identify inequities to access to these resources and thus also to health care services. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was employed to measure the concentration level of the health care resources in Poland. The data for these health care resources spanning all Poland for the period of 2013-2017 were collected. The concentration of health care resources was measured in each of the 16 voivodeships in Poland based on the aggregated data at the powiat level. This approach arises from the limitation in the availability of data, which was collected from the public statistical system. The HHI indices support the assertion that in the period of analysis the entire general hospital beds, doctors and nurses with midwives sectors in Poland have been at average moderately concentrated and thus moderately competitive with the growing tendency to higher concentration and less competitive. The sector of outpatient’s entities appeared to be mainly unconcentrated. Moreover, the concentration of all health care resources is diversified across the voivodeships of Poland and it is quite uneven, which can limit the access to health care services.
PARALLELS BETWEEN THE TREE-PATTERN ARCHITECTURE OF BRAIN AND MIND ACTIVITY IN THE ULTRONLOGOTRON THEORY AND THE OPERATIONAL ARCHITECTONICS OF BRAIN-MIND RELATION IN THE QUANTITATIVE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY STUDY: A VIEW OF INTERACTION BETWEEN SELF AND BRA
Authors: Jang Chung Sung
Published: February 2023

The relationship among self, mind and brain is not clearly known. Self's subjective experience of perception and cognition of words, feeling, thoughts etc. is supported by the integrity of human brain. The relationship between the self and human brain activity is not explicitly understood. Recent experimental evidence suggests that the neural correlate of consciousness is located in certain parts of the cortico-thalamic system. However, it is not clearly known specifically which parts of the human brain are involved in the human cognitive activity. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) have been used in the study of normalcy, psychiatric disorders and brain injuries. FMRI and qEEG are applied in diagnosis and clinical drug treatment of psychiatric disorders and brain injuries. In this study, the author analyzed results of published articles related to the above descried fields to find the relationship among self, mind and brain, and proposed the mechanism involved in the self, mind and brain in normalcy, psychiatric disorders and brain injuries, and further the interaction between self and brain. Results of analysis reveal remarkable parallels between the author's tree-pattern architecture of brain and mind activity in the ultron-logotoron theory (ULT) and the operational architectonics (OA) of brain-mind relation in qEEG study reported by Fingelkurts and his coworkers.
RELIGIOUS CONSIDERATIONS AS AN INTEGRAL PART IN MEDICAL DECISION-MAKING
Authors: Alnahdi PhD Saleh
Published: February 2023

As a Muslim, I have a certain belief system that encompasses all of life, including my approach to medical ethics. My belief system is distinctive, as are others. Thus, the approaches of Judaism and Roman Catholicism offer a new perspective on medical ethics. The thesis of this paper is that religious considerations play a large and integral part in medical decision-making. The topics to be discussed include shared values; methodology, along with the related concepts of metaethics and the principle of double effect; and applications of these perspectives in medical ethics, particularly with regard to healthcare decisions involving the end of life. Each area will be explored in this paper in order to give insight into how these religious approaches came to be what they are today and how they present positions in medical ethics which may be at odds with other perspectives not based on any theological doctrines. Specifically, this paper discusses shared values, by referring to human dignity and its concepts, as well as theological principles in health care ethics, and definitions of these principles. In addition, the paper discusses the methodology in Roman Catholicism, in addition to explaining the meaning of natural law. Furthermore, the discussion focuses on metaethics and its theories, as well as a consideration of the principles of double effect (PDE) and its four conditions. Lastly, the discussion considers applications of theologically based medical ethics to the question of forgoing treatment and what are the pillars of ethics with regard to this issue.
SULTAN MIZAN ZAINAL ABIDIN STADIUM ROOF COLLAPSE, KUALA TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA (LACK OF SAFETY ISSUES)
Authors: Ali Gul Fahad , Mehr Ali Chauhdry
Published: February 2023

This study provides a national profile of major work safety accidents in Malaysia, There have been many major incidents over the years, causing the loss of hundreds of lives. We intended to provide scientific basis for prevention measures and strategies to reduce major work safety accidents and deaths.1, 2

Methods: This is one of the shocking accident in Malaysia beside the “the highland tower collapse”. It remembered us that the project costing millions of dollar does not guarantee safety to the public as long we do not adopt the entire security before starting construction, Data from 2008-2015 Census of major work safety accidents were collected International Business Times. We analyzed the frequency of accidents and deaths, caused by insufficient safety measures. Additionally, we discussed the causes and prevention by types of accidents.2

 Results: Throughout this case study the cause of the roof collapse was a failure on all levels of the project from the owner to the designer and to the contractor? The answer to this question lies in the structural design, construction and Safety measures of the building.3

Conclusion: Fifteen years’ major work safety accident data indicate that the frequency of accidents and number of deaths was declined and several safety concerns persist in some segments.3, 4
PARAMETER ESTIMATION FOR A CLASS OF DIFFUSIONPROCESS FROM DISCRETE OBSERVATION
Authors: Wei Chao , Xu Fang
Published: February 2023

This paper is concerned with the parameter estimation problem for a class of diffusion process from discrete observations. The approximate likelihood function is given by using a Riemann sum and an Itˆo sum to approximate the integrals in the continuous-time likelihood function. The consistency of the maximum likelihood estimator and the asymptotic normality of the error of estimation are proved by applying the martingale moment inequality, Holder’s inequality, Chebyshev inequality, B-D-G inequality and uniform ergodic theorem. The results are applied to the hyperbolic process.
MODELING NFL FOOTBALL OUTCOMES
Authors: C Magel Rhonda , Roith Joseph
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this research is to develop models for NFL football games which help identify the important factors in determining the outcome of the game.  A variety of different methods will be used in developing these models:  ordinary least squares regression, logistic regression, and proportional odds.  Models will be used to explain an outcome and they will also be used to help predict an outcome based on differences of certain in-game statistics.

Values from thirty-five in-game statistics for both teams playing in each game were collected for 752 NFL games over the three seasons between the years 2011 and 2014.  Data from the first two seasons in this time period were used to develop the models and data from the last season was used to test the models. Data from these games was found on the websites,  NFL Scores and Pro Football [1] and [2].
APPLICATION OF BERNOULLI WAVELET METHOD FOR NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF FUZZY LINEAR VOLTERRA-FREDHOLM INTEGRAL EQUATIONS
Authors: A. Ramadan Mohamed , R. Ali Mohamed
Published: February 2023

This work, Bernoulli wavelet method is formed to solve nonlinear fuzzy Volterra-Fredholm integral equations. Bernoulli wavelets have been created by dilation and translation of Bernoulli polynomials. First we introduce properties of Bernoulli wavelets and Bernoulli polynomials, and then we used it to transform the integral equations to the system of algebraic equations. We compared the result of the proposed method with the exact solution to show the convergence and advantages of the new method. The results got by present wavelet method are compared with that of by collocation method based on radial basis functions method. Finally, the numerical examples explain the accuracy of this method.
BAYESIAN SEQUENTIAL ESTIMATION OF PROPORTION OF ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS AMONG DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS –A CASE STUDY OF GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAMMU-INDIA
Authors: Gupta Roohi , Anand Priyanka , Gupta Rahul
Published: February 2023

A study to determine the proportion of diabetic cases handled by the hospitals in Jammu   regarding orthopedic surgeries, especially among different age group, by employing a Bayesian model called Beta-binomial conjugate model using Bayesian sequential estimation method. From the hospital record of Government Medical College (GMC), Jammu.  Data was collected and collated over a period of 3 years from 2014-2016 in terms of 4 quarters (Jan-March, April-June, July-Sep and OctDec). The study also compares the computed sample and Empirical Bayes estimates over the three year period and also the variances of the computed estimates and it has been strongly advocated that Empirical Bayes estimators are better estimators on the basis of efficiency and consistency and the proposed method can be employed successfully in any suitable location globally.
THE EXPONENTIAL MODIFIED WEIBULL LOGISTIC DISTRIBUTION (EMWL)
Authors: Nassar M. M. , Radwan S. S. , A. Elmasry
Published: February 2023

This paper introduces a new distribution named Exponential Modified Weibull logistic distribution. This distribution generalizes the following distributions: (1) Linear Failure Rate Logistic Distribution, (2) Weibull Logistic Distribution, (3) Rayleigh Logistic Distribution, (4) Exponential Logistic Distribution, where the failure rate, Weibull, Rayleigh and exponential distributions are the distributions most used for analyzing lifetime data. The properties of the new distribution are derived that include expressions for the rthmoment, characteristic function and quantile function. The estimation of model parameters are performed by the method of maximum likelihood and hence evaluation of the performance of maximum likelihood estimation using simulation.
NOISE THEORITICAL INVESTIGATIONS FOR TRI-DIMMENSIONAL NMR CIRCUIT: TOWARDS THE NANOSCALE
Authors: Ma Yue , Labiod Samir , Fakri-Bouchet Latifa , Verdier Jacques , Calmon Francis , Latreche Saïda , Gontrand Christian
Published: February 2023

In recent years, NMR/MRI portable devices have drawn attention of numerous researcher teams. They are used for variety of applications, from medical diagnosis to archaeological analysis, nondestructive material testing evaluation of water presence in building materials and food emulsions. Different magnets designs have been proposed by many groups of research. They can be divided into two groups: the magnets ex-situ and the magnets in situ .The first group has the simple configuration with the sensitive volume near their surface and the samples under test are located outside the magnets. Thus, they can be used for the experimental investigation of objects with any dimension. Although the ex-situ magnets have simple shape and light weight, they are difficult to achieve in terms of homogeneity of the magnetic field in the sensitive volume.

In comparison, the in-situ magnets have their static field reinforced inside their bore center and canceled outside of the structure. Thus, their magnetic field is roughly homogeneous inside the structure.

But drawbacks still exist and can be amplified, especially the in depth problem of Signal/Noise.  Calculations, in a microscopic point of view, are develop, first applied to resistances and inductances imbedded in this circuit.

Before, from any point source, we calculate the impedance spreading out. For this, our approach is using Transmission Line Model, over or into a multi-layered substrate; it can be also derived by solving Poisson's equation analytically to obtain the associated Green’s kernel. We implement our algorithms in MATLAB. Thus, it permits to extract impedances between any two embedded contacts, real or virtual, of any shape or thickness.
POWER ANALYSIS ON REPEATED MEASURES DESIGNS
Authors: Taylor King  , Doetkott Curt , Magel Rhonda
Published: February 2023

A simulation study comparing powers of the multivariate analysis (PROC GLM) with using a mixed model (PROC MIXED) using a variety of covariance structures for various treatment, time, and interaction affect sizes in a repeated measures design is conducted.  Type 1 errors are estimated.  Powers are estimated for a variety of covariance structures when the actual covariance structure is AR (1).  It was found that the estimated powers for treatment effect were all very similar with PROC MIXED with the correct covariance structure having the largest estimated powers. When testing for time and interaction effect, it was found when in doubt that it was better to use a simpler covariance structure.  The powers were generally higher in this case than with a more complex covariance structure.
A DECOMPOSITION OF COMPLETE BIPARTITE 4-UNIFORM HYPERGRAPH INTO LOOSE CYCLES
Authors: Xu Chunlei
Published: February 2023

A k-uniform hypergraph H is a pair (V,ε), where V = {v1,v2,...,vn} is a set of n vertices and ε is a family of k-subset of V called hyperedges. We consider the problem of constructing a decomposition for complete bipartite uniform hypergraph into loose cycles.
ON CLOSED FULLY STABLE ACTS
Authors: AmerAbdul-Kareem Shaymaa , Razaq Hasan Muntaha Abdul-
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study closed fully stable acts as a concept of generalization of fully stable acts. Some properties and characterizations of class of closed fully stable acts are considered .The relations between this class and  other well classes of acts, like quasi-injective acts and other classes of injectivityare discussed
N-FOLD GENERALIZED HESITANT IMPLICATIVE FILTERS OF HOOPS
Authors: Yang Yongwei
Published: February 2023

To investigate implicative filters of hoops furthermore, we apply n-fold theory to (α, β)-hesitant fuzzy implicative filters and introduce the notion of n-fold (α,β)-hesitant fuzzy implicative filters, and obtain some conditions for a (α,β)-hesitant fuzzy filter to be a n-fold (α,β)-hesitant fuzzy implicative filter. We also study the preimage and image of n-fold (α, β)-hesitant fuzzy implicative filters.
AWING PROVERBS: FROM PATRIARCHY TO FEMINIST REVOLT
Authors: Akem Maformba Eveline
Published: February 2023

Awing is a village found in the North West Region of Cameroon with a population of about 60000 inhabitants according to A wing Palace statistics (Shedmankah 2009:3). Awing society has moved from a patriarchal and hierarchical society to egalitarianism, from homogeneous society to heterogeneous one within the same indigenous set up. The patriarchal and hierarchical society in which the man takes initiative alone and controls production is now changing to one in which the woman has started taking initiative thus revolting against chauvinism and assuming her independence. This paper demonstrates though proverbs that there is a shift /move from the ideology of conservatism to that of egalitarianism in the Awing society as a result of the influence of contemporary issues. It also illustrates the role of the Awing female in social cohesion as spelt out in their proverbs. Proverbs are the wisdom of the ancestors and the best way of preserving language. So analysis of proverbs will show the present male hegemony and how women are revolting against it. The problem this paper raises is that there is a shift in ideology in Awing society. This will create confusion and destroy social cohesion. The moral value of proverbs will diminish in Awing community and people will become less interested in the use of proverbs, the excesses of the feminist movement is going to destabilise the Awing society. The African man has a role to play as well as the woman. If these roles are destabilised, there is no unity or social cohesion. Social cohesion takes place when each person plays his role. The fact that the feminist movement is attacking the traditional tenet of unity is dangerous and can never bring unity. About 90 proverbs are analysed using the (post) Marxist approach. Through these proverbs, the African thought in relation to the on-going struggle for women emancipation is expressed. These proverbs are collected from the Awing society and transcribed in the Awing language. The free translation method is used to bring out the English version with concentration on the context of the proverb and not on Grammar.
NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY AND INCLUSION
Authors: Kem Dr. Deepak
Published: February 2023

Since liberalization, the Indian educational policy displayed a remarkable tendency, an unwavering attachment, and strict adherence towards market fundamental aspects. It goes with a universal approach through Right to Education Act (RTEA) and Sarva Sikshya Abhiyan (SSA). This has resulted in unfettered equity and admission in the primary education system, educational institutions and universities enhancing the Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in their tertiary sector. The Annual Survey of Educational Research (ASER), however, reported a major concern for a basic infrastructure tendency for schools, indifferent attitude of teachers, showing high rate of student dropout. At the same time, the higher education sector also showed less commitment towards innovation and research, leading to the poor patent turnout and good quality research articles. This paper explores such tendencies and lack of interest for the educational sector. In this condition, it is necessary to emphasize the unique role played by the private sector, wherein, the initiatives taken by Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS), Odisha, without any governmental support reflecting a unique model of quality education and funding worthy of replication and reproduction on a national scale. The initiative taken by Make in India reflects on the quality of education, concerning the primary stage to reap the high level of demographic share that indicates India’s efforts and aspiration of youth, cutting across religion, class, caste and gender, to respond more successfully to diversity in the classrooms.  

The Policy for Inclusive Education stipulates the government strategic path for the systematic and special educational needs of every child. This policy builds upon defined Constitution, as per the Agenda of National Development, the Plan of Education Strategy and International commitment to gain national and international goals to create an environment to address the diverse needs of better education.
CRÉATION POÉTIQUE EN LANGUES CAMEROUNAISES: PLAIDOYER POUR UNE FORME TRADITIONNELLE ET MODERNE DU POÈME À L’EXEMPLE DE « SHYƏ NƏTHÙM1: MƏSHSO TSƆKƆ’ » (CHANTS DU CŒUR 1: VISAGES DE LA VIE) DE GABRIEL KUITCHE FONKOU.
Authors: Makougang-Kakeu Marie
Published: February 2023

IL EST question pour nous de montrer que les textes littéraires en langues vernaculaires présagent d’une valeur poétique certaine ET d’une thématique qui séduit. L’approche ethnolinguistique nous a permis de les scruter. A Travers Ce travail, nous voulons faire comprendre que les œuvres littéraires en général, écrites en langues maternelles ET la poésie en particulier, sont UN inépuisable réservoir d’images, une construction riche en figures saillantes via l’usage d’un langage polysémique.
effect of entrepreneurial behavior on performance with mediation of affective commitment in vocational schools throughout West Kalimantan
Authors: Rustam Rustam , Fauzan Rizky , Daud Ilzar , Rosnani Titik , Hendri M. Irfani
Published: February 2023

The quantitative approach, survey technique, analysis of statistical test data Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-SEM) Wrappls version 7, questionnaire data collection tool and documentation, the population of 3,999 and sample of 254 teachers, 29 public and private SMKs, research locations (3) hinterland districts: Sanggau, Sekadau, Landak districts; (3) coastal districts: Sambas, Mempawah and Kuburaya districts; (2) the city of Pontianak and the city of Singkawang. From the results of the study it was found that entrepreneurial behavior towards affective commitment has a positive and significant effect, the hypothesis is in a unidirectional relationship and can enhance each other; Entrepreneurship on achievement is positive and significant, the hypothesis is in a unidirectional relationship and can increase each other; Affective commitment to achievement is positive and significant, has a one-way relationship and can improve; Entrepreneurial behavior on achievement through affective commitment has a positive and significant effect, the hypothesis is in a unidirectional relationship and can enhance each other. This investigation has been able to foster a new model of affective commitment and the development of the concept of achievement in SMKs throughout West Kalimantan.
Covid, Ancient Migrations, Peer Review, Language, Nobel Prize
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: February 2023

Football Euro: Study shows the impact on Covid-19 infections The impact of the European Soccer (Football) Championship 2020 on the incidence of the Corona pandemic across Europe. Ancient DNA Charts Native Americans’ Journeys to Asia Thousands of Years Ago Native Americans traveled back and forth to Asia thousands of years ago, well before Europeans discovered America.
Application Analysis of VR Technology in Practical Teaching of Medicinal Plant
Authors: Ren Guangxi , Bai Zhenfang , Xiao Yao , Ci Ren , Liu Chunsheng
Published: February 2023

The restrictions of the class time, location, and phenology are the difficulties in the traditional practice teaching of medicinal plants. The advantages of virtual reality (VR) technology can enrich and improve the practice teaching of medicinal plants. After analysing the limitations of the traditional ways of the practice teaching of medicinal plants and the advantages of VR technology, it is suggested that VR technology contributes positively to the students' self-learning process in the entire knowledge system, visualise and concretise the abstract knowledge in the practice teaching of medicinal plant, and strengthen the ecological protection around the practice based on medicinal plant. Through the analysis of the application ideas of VR technology in the experiment and practice of medicinal plants, it can be concluded that VR technology can address various issues in the traditional practice teaching process of medicinal plants.
Educational Transformation and Adaptation Challenges during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Indian Scenario
Authors: Bhandari Ramesh
Published: February 2023

Because of the lockdown due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, all universities and affiliated institutions have stopped teaching-learning activities and public gatherings like workshops/conferences and postponed examinations. Various institutions in India have initiated online teaching platforms to continue the teaching-learning process during the unprecedented pandemic to overcome these situations. Various methods such as audio-visual aids, social apps like Whatsapp, and online teaching platforms like Zoom, Go-to-meeting, etc., were used for teaching-learning by different universities in India. Adaptation challenges like security issues in some online platforms, and difficulty in student learning assessment during online classes stress the fact that one education method does not fit all.
Promoting High-impact Practices in Online Nursing Education Post-COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   School of Nursing, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA, Nadelson Sandie , Nadelson Louis ,   College of Education, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
Published: February 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought significant changes in nursing education, particularly related to instruction. Many nursing programs moved their course from mainly on-ground to online for content and skills learning. Due to urgency, some changes occurred rapidly with no long-range planning including the vital professional development needed for effective online teaching. The shift in instruction also impacted existing hybrid and online courses resulting in modifications to the instruction and evaluation methods. The pandemic motivated changes have reshaped education. As nursing education adapts into a “new normal,” there is a need to evaluate the pandemic motivated instruction and curricular changes. We need to determine if the modifications are in the best interests of all, which is key to continuously improving nursing education. The content of this article focuses on how to determine which revisions are needed to ensure ongoing positive outcomes. In addition, we provide a format for resigning courses to aid nurse educators in identifying or developing high-impact education practices.