bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fibroblasts Influence the Efficacy, Resistance, and Future Use of Vaccines and Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Sliker Bailee H. , Campbell Paul M.
Published: June 2021

Tumors are composed of not only epithelial cells but also many other cell types that contribute to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Within this space, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a prominent cell type, and these cells are connected to an increase in tumor progression as well as alteration of the immune landscape present in and around the tumor. This is accomplished in part by their ability to alter the presence of both innate and adaptive immune cells as well as the release of various chemokines and cytokines, together leading to a more immunosuppressive TME. Furthermore, new research implicates CAFs as players in immunotherapy response in many different tumor types, typically by blunting their efficacy. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), two major CAF proteins, are associated with the outcome of different immunotherapies and, additionally, have become new targets themselves for immune-based strategies directed at CAFs. This review will focus on CAFs and how they alter the immune landscape within tumors, how this affects response to current immunotherapy treatments, and how immune-based treatments are currently being harnessed to target the CAF population itself.
Specific Treatment Exists for SARS-CoV-2 ARDS
Authors: Kanwar Badar , Lee Chul Joong , Lee Jong-Hoon
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), seems to be difficult to overcome. A pandemic of such a scale has not been seen since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Although the predominant clinical presentation is respiratory disease, neurological manifestations and sequelae are increasingly being recognized. We observed a case series of rapid recovery of ARDS within 24 h in the preliminary clinical features of COVID-19 ARDS-associated neurological disease. It was also noted that by 15 April, 2021, there was no SARS-CoV-2 ARDS on Sorok Island in South Korea, where lepers had been living together. We compared each of dapsone’s effects on humans and considered those of SARS-CoV-2. Dapsone showed different effects in the brain. The Sorokdo National Hospital reported a relationship between dapsone and the neuroinflammasome of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Sorok Island from January 2005 to June 2020. AD prevalence was low in the leprosy patient group who took dapsone regularly. The preliminary cross-sectional study of the trial group (22 subjects) and the control group (22 subjects) in the Hunt Regional Hospital reported the following results: The chi-square statistic is 5.1836. The p-value is 0.022801. The result is considered significant at p < 0.05. The results from the medical treatment from 21 December to 29 December 2020 were considered. The mortality rates at the ARDS onset stage were 0% with dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment and 40% without dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment, respectively. Based on the respiratory failure and sudden high death rate originating from the involvement of the brainstem, especially the pre-Bötzinger complex, dapsone can be used to significantly reduce the incidence of the cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome and other illnesses caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Conjunctival Inverted Papilloma Progressing to Carcinoma. First Report in Horse
Authors: Biondi Vito , Passantino Annamaria , Pugliese Michela , Monti Salvatore , Sfacteria Alessandra , Di Pietro Simona
Published: June 2021

A five-year-old, entire female Arabian horse with a 6-month history of a non-painful nodule on the conjunctiva of the right eye was evaluated. Ophthalmological examination showed a firm, smooth and fleshy conjunctival mass that raised the suspicion of a conjunctival neoplasm. Histological evaluations showed that the mass was composed of an endophytic growth consisting of numerous long papillary projections of hyperplastic stratified squamous epithelium supported by thin fibrovascular stalks. Typical features of squamous cell carcinoma with disorganized cell growth and infiltration of surrounding tissues were detectable within the mass. Inverted papilloma progressing to carcinoma was diagnosed. Follow-up examination showed that no local recurrence was present during the 12-month follow-up period. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report describing the inverted papilloma in the horse and, due to its progression to squamous cell carcinoma, warns about the inclusion of the inverted papilloma in the differential diagnosis of conjunctival neoplasm and driven treatments.
Wastewater Treatment and Wood Production of Willow System in Cold Climate
Authors: Khurelbaatar Ganbaatar , van Afferden Manfred , Sullivan Christopher M. , Fühner Christoph , Amgalan Jamsaran , Londong Jöerg , Müller Roland Arno
Published: June 2021

This article studied how wastewater treatment performance of a short rotation forestry system was influenced by the seasonal operational changes under the extreme Mongolian winter conditions. For this reason, two beds planted with Willow (Salix spec.) and Poplar (Populus spec.) trees were operated over a period of two years under two different seasonal conditions: (A) “external winter storage” and (B) “internal winter storage” of pretreated wastewater. For operational condition A, the tree-bed was loaded with wastewater for only 4 summer months. For this operational condition it was considered that the treatment bed was fed with primary treated wastewater, which was stored in a sealed pond during the remaining 8 months. The other Bed B was irrigated throughout the year (12 months) with the same daily loading rate. In winter, the wastewater accumulated as ice in the tree-bed. Bed A, with external winter storage, showed mass removal percentage up to 95%, while the bed with internal winter storage showed mass removal rates up to 86% for pollutants such as COD, BOD5, TN, and TP. A high yield of biomass was recorded for both beds with slight differences. Based on the results, a design recommendation was developed for full-scale systems of short rotation coppice irrigated with wastewater under various operational conditions, which show these systems to be a viable method for treating wastewater and producing biomass for energy production in Mongolia.
Estimating Soil Water Susceptibility to Salinization in the Mekong River Delta Using a Modified DRASTIC Model
Authors: Le Thanh N. , Tran Duy X. , Tran Thuong V. , Gyeltshen Sangay , Lam Tan V. , Luu Tung H. , Nguyen Dung Q. , Dao Tuyet V.
Published: June 2021

Saltwater intrusion risk assessment is a foundational step for preventing and controlling salinization in coastal regions. The Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) is highly affected by drought and salinization threats, especially severe under the impacts of global climate change and the rapid development of an upstream hydropower dam system. This study aimed to apply a modified DRASTIC model, which combines the generic DRASTIC model with hydrological and anthropogenic factors (i.e., river catchment and land use), to examine seawater intrusion vulnerability in the soil-water-bearing layer in the Ben Tre province, located in the VMD. One hundred and fifty hand-auger samples for total dissolved solids (TDS) measurements, one of the reflected salinity parameters, were used to validate the results obtained with both the DRASTIC and modified DRASTIC models. The spatial analysis tools in the ArcGIS software (i.e., Kriging and data classification tools) were used to interpolate, classify, and map the input factors and salinization susceptibility in the study area. The results show that the vulnerability index values obtained from the DRASTIC and modified DRASTIC models were 36–128 and 55–163, respectively. The vulnerable indices increased from inland districts to coastal areas. The Ba Tri and Binh Dai districts were recorded as having very high vulnerability to salinization, while the Chau Thanh and Cho Lach districts were at a low vulnerability level. From the comparative analysis of the two models, it is obvious that the modified DRASTIC model with the inclusion of a river or canal network and agricultural practices factors enables better performance than the generic DRASTIC model. This enhancement is explained by the significant impact of anthropogenic activities on the salinization of soil water content. This study’s results can be used as scientific implications for planners and decision-makers in river catchment and land-use management practices.
Self-reported knowledge of national guidelines for clinical screening for hip dysplasia: a web-based survey of midwives and GPs in Denmark
Authors: Husum Hans-Christen , Maimburg Rikke Damkjær , Kold Søren , Thomsen Janus Laust , Rahbek Ole
Published: June 2021

Background

The positive predictive value of clinical hip examinations performed by generalist health professionals in screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is low and declining.

Aim

To assess the self-reported recognition of nationally recommended clinical hip examinations in the screening programme for DDH in Denmark among midwives, GPs, and GPs in training.

Design & setting

A cross-sectional, web-based open survey study among Danish midwives, GPs, and GPs in training.

Method

Responders were asked to identify which of six written statements of clinical hip examinations were featured in the national Danish guidelines on DDH screening. Three statements were the official statements of the Ortolani, Galeazzi, and hip abduction examinations from the national guidelines, and three statements were false and constructed by the author group. Participants were asked to select up to six statements.

Results

A total of 178 (58 GPs, 97 midwives, and 23 GPs in training) responses were included. Overall, 89% of responders correctly identified the Ortolani manoeuvre and 92% correctly identified one of the constructed descriptions as being false. The remaining four descriptions had significantly lower correct answer percentages ranging from 41%–58%, with significantly lower correct answer percentages of midwives for three out of all six descriptions when compared with GPs.

Conclusion

The recognition of two out of three recommended clinical hip examinations in the Danish screening programme for DDH is low overall among current screeners. Efforts should be made to heighten the knowledge level by further education of screeners.
Understanding GPs’ views and experiences of using clinical prediction rules in the management of respiratory infections: a qualitative study
Authors: Hounkpatin Hilda O , Woods Catherine , Lown Mark , Stuart Beth , Leydon Geraldine M
Published: June 2021

Background

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) account for 60% of antibiotic prescribing in primary care. Several clinical prediction rules (CPRs) have been developed to help reduce unnecessary prescribing for RTIs, but there is a lack of studies exploring whether or how these CPRs are being used in UK general practice.

Aim

To explore UK GPs’ views and experiences with regards to RTI CPRs, and to identify barriers and facilitators to their use in practice.

Design & setting

A qualitative analysis of interviews with in-hours GPs working in the South and South West of England.

Method

Semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews were conducted, digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using an inductive thematic approach. Patient and public involvement representatives contributed to study design and interpretation of findings.

Results

Thirty-two GPs were interviewed. Some CPRs were more commonly used than others. Participants used CPRs to facilitate patient—clinician discussion, confirm and support their decision, and document the consultation. GPs also highlighted concerns including lack of time, inability of CPRs to incorporate patient complexity, a shift in focus from the patient during consultations, and limited use in remote consultation (during the COVID-19 pandemic).

Conclusion

This study highlights the need for user-friendly CPRs that are readily integrated into computer systems, and easily embedded into routine practice to complement clinical decision-making. Existing CPRs need to be validated for other populations where demographics and clinical characteristics may differ, as well different settings including remote consultations and self-assessment.
Refúgio de vida silvestre, ecoturismo e implicações jurídicas: experiência na Região Metropolitana de Belém (PA)
Authors: Lavor Rosa de Figueiredo , Brito Luis Antonio Gomes de Souza Monteiro de , Favacho Fernando Gomes , Pinto Paulo Moreira
Published: June 2021

O artigo faz referência às implicações jurídicas promovidas pela criação de Unidade de Conservação, precisamente de um Refúgio de Vida Silvestre localizado em área urbana da Região Metropolitana de Belém, no estado do Pará, e a inserção de atividades de ecoturismo. O contexto jurídico implicado na questão refere-se ao que está consagrado pelo denominado Sistema de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza que determina as categorias de manejo e o seu uso. Nesse caso, a categoria Unidade de Proteção Integral não permite o uso direto dos recursos naturais por populações tradicionais ou não, que residem no interior desses espaços territoriais legalmente protegidos. Nessa conjuntura, a sustentabilidade dos recursos biossocioculturais é planejada a partir da adoção do ecoturismo enquanto componente estratégico da administração e da gestão pública e, para a conservação ambiental. Entretanto, o segmento de mercado do ecoturismo, enquanto atividade econômica, pode reproduzir conflitos históricos e antagônicos vivenciados pelas populações amazônicas como, por exemplo, o desenvolvimento marginal e excludente das comunidades locais. Tal fato propicia entraves de ordens as mais diversas ao planejamento, administração e gestão das instituições públicas destinadas a administrar essas áreas. Do ponto de vista jurídico o arcabouço legal tem se pautado pelo imobilismo com relação às problemáticas advindas pela presença humana nesses espaços. A execução do estudo iniciou-se pela pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, utilizando-se também a observação direta por intermédio da participação em fóruns de debates organizados por instâncias de governança capitaneadas pelo poder público. Como resultado tem-se uma análise crítica preliminar, haja vista a criação e a organização recentes dessa Unidade de Conservação, pautada pela profusão de normas do Direito Ambiental que prejudicam resoluções de caráter mais flexíveis. Dessa maneira, estudos são necessários para aprofundar o tema com vistas às soluções que sejam benéficas para a manutenção da biossociodiversidade, principalmente em se tratando de áreas e populações amazônicas.
Oficina de reúso de efluentes como ferramenta de sensibilização ambiental com agricultores no semiárido
Authors: Lopes Wilza da Silva , Nery Gleydson Kleyton Moura , Magalhães Adriana Guedes , Melo Antônio Carlos Pires de
Published: June 2021

O reúso agrícola do esgoto tratado é uma alternativa viável principalmente em áreas que apresentam problemas de escassez hídrica. Deste modo, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar a percepção de agricultores sobre o reúso de esgoto tratado. Realizou-se uma oficina de reúso no município de Assunção - PB, consistindo no levantamento de informações sobre as práticas de reúso por eles realizadas, composição do esgoto, exposição de informações para prática do reúso, e por fim compartilhamento de experiências. Nesse estudo foi possível perceber que os agricultores já aplicam o reúso de águas cinzas para as atividades de uso menos nobre, mas nada voltado para o reúso de esgoto ou para aplicação na agricultura.
Comportamento pró-ambiental na agricultura e implicações à Educação Ambiental: revisão de literatura
Authors: Siqueira Ana Paula da Silva , Meira Bianca Ramos , Siqueira Tiago Teixeira da Silva , Paccola Edneia Aparecida de Souza , Grossi-Milani Rute
Published: June 2021

Esse estudo visou analisar as produções científicas sobre o comportamento pró-ambiental na agricultura e descrever os principais fatores pessoais e ambientais associados. Foram utilizadas as palavras-chave: comportamento pró-ambiental e pro-environmental behavior nas principais bases de dados disponíveis. As principais condições associadas ao comportamento pró-ambiental foram de natureza intrínsecas, como os valores biosféricos, consciência ambiental, orientação para o futuro, autoeficácia e conhecimento. A promoção de políticas públicas de incentivo ao comportamento pró-ambiental, aliadas à educação ambiental propulsora de valores ambientais, estimulam às práticas agrícolas sustentáveis.
Implantação e uso na Educação Ambiental de um sistema para reutilização da água de refrigeração de destilador
Authors: Morais Bárbara Roberta , Oliveira Bruno Alberto Soares , Oliveira Paulinelly de Sousa , Teixeira Meryene de Carvalho
Published: June 2021

O aumento na demanda de água, somado à degradação dos corpos hídricos, cria um cenário de escassez desse recurso. As instituições de ensino devem promover mudanças socioambientais para minimizar esse impacto. O IFMG - Campus Bambuí (MG) possui um Laboratório de Análises de Solo que utiliza alta quantidade de água destilada, com desperdício da água de resfriamento. Assim, este trabalho apresenta um sistema de reuso dessa água nas caixas d’água da biblioteca para fins não potáveis. Análises físico-químicas e microbiológica da água pós-destilador mostraram que apenas o valor de cloro residual desviou-se do padrão. Para difundir a ideia de reuso da água, realizaram-se intervenções em escolas municipais por meio de maquete e protótipo do sistema.
Diversidade cultural tradicional na Educação Ambiental em Sussundenga-Moçambique
Authors: Macorreia Munossiua Efremo
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo, apresenta reflexões sobre as ações da pesquisa da diversidade cultural tradicional na Educação Ambiental, voltada para o desenvolvimento da conscientização ambiental. O objetivo do estudo, visou concentrar esforços na revitalização sobre  a  responsabilidade    da Educação Ambiental, como  um  todo  no  que  se refere  ao   papel essencial desempenhado pela diversidade cultural tradicional mediante processos de interação mútua, pois  acredita-se,  que  a  reflexão  sobre  essa  questão auxilia  para  que  possamos  usufruir  da nossa cultura local, conscietizando o uso racional do meio ambiente. Os  sujeitos  envolvidos na pesquisa  são: Estruturas tradicionais e a comunidade em geral. As ações desenvolvidas no campo da pesquisa resultou que os professores da escola primária do primeiro grau (EP1) de Chingundo, não praticam nenhuma atividade   que aborda sobre aspecto da diversidade cultural de Educação Tradicional, impossibilitando a tomada de decisões  de conflitos entre as etnias Téwe, Manyka e Ndau, através de diálogo intercultural. A recolha dos dados priorizou a pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e empírica, de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa,buscando perceber a importância da vida cultural das etnias Téwe, Manyka e Ndau para a reconstrução da convivência harmoniosa homem e ambiente, formando as crianças proto para serem agentes de educação na superação de quaisquer formas de exclusão na resolução da problemática ambiental do distrito de Sussundenga, bem como no planeta em geral.
Recent Progress on Metal-Enhanced Photocatalysis: A Review on the Mechanism
Authors: Fang Ming , Tan Xiaoli , Liu Zhixin , Hu Baowei , Wang Xiangke
Published: June 2021

Metal-enhanced photocatalysis has recently received increasing interest, mainly due to the ability of metal to directly or indirectly degrade pollutants. In this review, we briefly review the recent breakthroughs in metal-enhanced photocatalysis. We discussed the recent progress of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect and small size effect of metal nanoparticles on photocatalysis; in particular, we focus on elucidating the mechanism of energy transfer and hot electron injection/transfer effect of metal nanoparticles and clusters while as photocatalysts or as cophotocatalysts. Finally, we discuss the potential applications of metal-enhanced photocatalysis, and we also offer some perspectives for further investigations.
Local assignability of Lyapunov exponents of linear discrete-time system
Authors: Banshchikova I.N.
Published: June 2021

We consider sufficient and necessary conditions for the proportional local assignability of the Lyapunov
spectrum of the system
$$x(m+1)=\left(A(m)+B(m)U(m)\right)x(m), \quad m\in\mathbb Z,\quad x\in\mathbb R^n.$$
The properties of stability of the Lyapunov spectrum and integral separation of linear discrete-time systems are studied, description of the spectral set of a linear system in the case of the full spectrum stability is obtained, the property of uniform complete controllability of a linear system with discrete time is studied, and the properties of the Bebutov shell of a linear discrete-time control system are investigated.
Numerical method for fractional diffusion-wave equations with functional delay
Authors: Pimenov V.G. , Tashirova E.E.
Published: June 2021

For a fractional diffusion-wave equation with a nonlinear effect of functional delay, an implicit numerical method is constructed. The scheme is based on the L2-method of approximation of the fractional derivative of the order from 1 to 2, interpolation and extrapolation with the given properties of discrete prehistory and an analogue of the Crank-Nicolson method. The order of convergence of the method is investigated using the ideas of the general theory of difference schemes with heredity. The order of convergence of the method is more significant than in previously known methods, depending on the order of the starting values. The main point of the proof is the use of the stability of the L2-method. The results of comparing numerical experiments with other schemes are presented: a purely implicit method and a purely explicit method, these results showed, in general, the advantages of the proposed scheme.
On problem of controlling the process of cleaning a pond from impurity
Authors: Ukhobotov V.I. , Izmest'ev I.V.
Published: June 2021

The problem of controlling the process of cleaning a pond from impurity using the river flowing from it is considered. A controlled variable is the concentration of impurity entering the river from the pond. The spread of impurity in the river is described by the convection-diffusion equation. This equation includes a term that is determined by other sources of impurity entering the river. The exact value of this term is unknown. Only the boundaries of its change are set. An indicator of the control quality is the value of the linear combination of the concentration of the impurity in the river at a given moment of time and the remaining amount of the mass of the impurity at that moment in the pond. The goal of the control is to bring the value of this indicator within the specified interval.
Aplikasi EFA (Excel For Accounting) untuk Laporan Keuangan Pesantren
Authors: Ahmar Nurmala
Published: June 2021

Abstrak

       Pedoman Akuntansi Pesantren diterbitkan oleh Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia  pada Mei 2018.  Berdasarkan data Kementerian Keagamaan Republik Indonesia (Kemenag RI) terdapat total sebanyak belasan juta santri dan mendekati angka tiga puluh ribu pondok pesantren di berbagai wilayah se-Indonesia. Salah satu program untuk mendorong adalah peningkatan tata kelola yang baik di lingkungan pesantren melalui tersedianya laporan keuangan yang memenuhi standar akuntansi yang diterima secara luas dan diterima berbagai pihak. Artikel ini menyumbangkan karya pengabdian dalam bentuk pelatihan akuntansi pesantren dengan aplikasi EFA untuk memidakan penyusunan laporan keuangan pesantren.

Kata Kunci: aplikasi program, excel for accounting, akuntansi pesantren, laporan aktivitas.            

 

Abstract

       Pedoman Akuntansi Pesantren Published by the Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia in May 2018. Based on data from kementerian Agama republik Indonesia, there are a total of tens of millions of students and a count of thirty thousand Islamic boarding schools in various regions throughout Indonesia. One of the programs to encourage is the improvement of good governance in the pesantren environment through financial reportsthat meet accounting standards that are widely accepted and accepted by various parties. This article contributed dedication work in the form of Islamic boarding school accounting training with the EFA application for preparing Islamic boarding school financial reports.

Keywords: software, excel for accounting, pesantren, activity report accounting.
Perfil e percepção dos profissionais egressos de um curso de Odontologia
Authors: Andrade Amanda Bastos , Fonseca Ingrid da Silveira , Oliveira Andreissa Jesus , Santos Lydia de Brito , Carneiro Cláudia Cerqueira Graça
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil e a percepção dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas formados na UEFS no período de 2013.1 a 2018.1 Método: Estudo de corte transversal de caráter descritivo, realizado por meio de um questionário com informações sobre dados pessoais, perfil socioeconômico e demográfico, campo de atuação e formação acadêmica. Resultados: Observou-se que a maioria dos egressos é do sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 22 a 26 anos e trabalha no setor privado. A maior parte cursou ou está cursando a pós-graduação devido à necessidade de aprimorar conhecimento, exigência do mercado de trabalho, seguir carreira acadêmica ou metas financeiras. Notou-se que serviço privado foi o principal local de atuação, seguido de serviço público ou mais de um local. Conclusão: Os profissionais entrevistados se mostraram satisfeitos ou muito satisfeitos sobre a maioria das variáveis relacionadas às atividades ambulatoriais, processo ensino-aprendizagem, atividades de estágio e corpo docente.
Descritores: Educação em Odontologia; Currículo; Avaliação Educacional.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA (COST-EFFECTIVENESS) PENGGUNAAN ANTIDIABETES ORAL KOMBINASI PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II RAWAT JALAN DI RSUD Dr. H. MOCH. ANSARI SALEH BANJARMASIN
Authors: Isnani Nazhipah , Muliyani Muliyani , Zaini Muhammad , Arif Riyadi Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik kronik, dimana penderita tidak bisa memproduksi insulin dalam jumlah cukup atau tidak mampu menggunakan insulin secara efektif sehingga terjadi hiperglikemi. Terapi DM harus dilakukan sepanjang hidup pasien maka perlu dilakukan analisis efektivitas biaya untuk membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan pemilihan obat yang efektif secara manfaat dan biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas biaya terapi kombinasi antidiabetik oral pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe II rawat jalan di RSUD Dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non – ekperimental dengan rancangan deskriptif menggunakan data kualitatif dan desain pendekatan retrospektif. Data yang diambil untuk analisis efektivitas biaya adalah data eketivitas terapi antidiabetik oral dan biaya medik langsung. Hasil dari penelitian ini biaya medik selama 1 bulan terapi yang terkecil adalah kombinasi Glimepiride dan Metformin yaitu ±Rp 125.200,00 dan yang paling terbesar adalah kombinasi Glimepiride dan Pioglitazone yaitu ±Rp345.850,00. Nilai ACER terkecil adalah kombinasi Glimepirid dan Metformin yaitu ±Rp 1.252,00 dan yang paling terbesar adalah kombinasi Glimepiride dan Acarbose yaitu ±Rp 7.737,47. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini kombinasi antidiabetik oral yang paling cost effectiveness adalah kombinasi Metformin dan Glimepiride dengan Nilai ACER terkecil yaitu ±Rp 1.252,00.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ КУРСА ФИЗИКИ В ОБЛАСТИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Authors: Себаева З.Ш.
Published: June 2021

Наиболее важным является преподавание физики в сфере образования. Образование – решающий этап всей академической жизни человека. На разных этапах любая двусмысленность в отношении концепций может лишить человека интеллектуально и потенциально. Принимая во внимание важность физики, это исследование было направлено на разработку модуля, основанного на некоторых инновационных методах обучения, для эффективного обучения физике. Цель исследования заключалась в том, чтобы проанализировать существующие методы представления содержания физики.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ТРЕХЧАСТИЧНОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ НА ФОНОННЫЕ ЧАСТОТЫ КРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКОГО КРИПТОНА В МОДЕЛИ ДЕФОРМИРУЕМЫХ АТОМОВ
Authors: Горбенко Е.Е. , Пилипенко Е.А.
Published: June 2021

В модели деформируемых атомов представлены abinitio расчеты фононных частот сжатого кристаллического Kr с учетом многочастичного взаимодействия. В потенциале отталкивания, наряду с трехчастичным взаимодействием, связанным с перекрытием электронных оболочек атомов, исследуются трехчастичные силы, обусловленные взаимной деформацией электронных оболочек соседних атомов в дипольном приближении. Показано, что учет деформации электронных оболочек атомов дипольного типа приводит к «размягчению» продольной моды в точках L и X, поперечной моды Т1 в направлении ∑ и в точке L при больших сжатиях. Рассмотренные трехчастичные силы усиливают этот эффект. Получено хорошее согласие теоретических фононных частот с имеющимися их экспериментальными значениями при нулевом давлении.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ СЕГНЕТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ В ПОЛИКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ ТОНКИХ ПЛЕНКАХ BA0.5SR0.5NB2O6 НА ПОДЛОЖКЕ (001) SI
Authors: Павленко А.В. , Зинченко С.П. , Ковтун А.П. , Толмачев Г.Н. , Киселева Л.И. , Стрюков Д.В. , Матяш Я.Ю.
Published: June 2021

Представлены результаты исследования диэлектрических характеристик тонких пленок ниобата бария-стронция Ba0.5Sr0.5Nb2O6, осажденных на монокристаллические подложки кремния различного типа проводимости без каких-либо буферных слоев. Пленки были получены методов высокочастотного катодного распыления в атмосфере кислорода. Обсуждаются причины выявленных закономерностей формирования диэлектрических характеристик.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СОСТАВА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ЛЕГИРОВАННЫХ НАНОСТЕРЖНЕЙ ОКСИДА ЦИНКА
Authors: Шомахов З.В. , Налимова С.С.
Published: June 2021

Слои, состоящие из наностержней оксида цинка, получены гидротермальным методом с применением жертвенного легирования йодом. Проведено исследование поверхности наностержней оксида цинка методом рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии. Показано, что легирование приводит к увеличению концентрации кислородных вакансий на поверхности и более эффективной адсорбции гидроксильных групп. Данные приемы могут представлять интерес для улучшения стабильности характеристик газовых сенсоров адсорбционного типа в условиях высокой влажности воздуха.
СОПОЛИМЕРЫ НА ОСНОВЕ N-ВИНИЛПИРРОЛИДОНА И ГАЛОГЕНСОДЕРЖАЩИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ АКРИЛОВЫХ КИСЛОТ
Authors: Малкондуев Ю.А. , Кокоева А.А.
Published: June 2021

В работе приведены результаты сополимеризации α-галогенов акриловой кислоты и N-винилпирролидоном в присутствии радикального инициатора. Приведены уравнения сополимеризации и рассчитаны факторы активности. ИК-спектры полученных сополимеров подтверждают реакцию аминирования. Синтезированные аминированные полимеры образовывают внутрикомплексные соединения с галогенидами двухвалентных металлов при комнатной температуре. Кинетика реакции сополимеризации этих систем показывает, что большое влияние на процесс образования и свойства сополимеров оказывает наличие реакционноспособного атома галогена в структуре сополимера.
IDENTIFICATION OF MIXER TRANSACTIONS IN THE BITCOIN NETWORK IN THE FRAMEWORK OF SOLVING THE PROBLEMS OF PREVENTING MONEY LAUNDERING AND TERRORIST FINANCING
Authors:   National Research Nuclear University ", Naumov A. I. ,   MEPhI",   , Moscow, Russia, Radygin V. I. ,   Candidate of Technical Sciences, National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", Moscow, Russia, Ivanov M. N. ,   Candidate of Economics Sciences, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2021

This article addresses the problem of using cryptocurrencies in crimes related to money laundering and terrorist financing. The development of technologies that allow anonymizing participants of various cryptosystems not only increases their reliability and security for ordinary users, but also exposes such systems to the risk of being used by criminals, and also significantly complicates countering fraudulent or other illegal actions committed using cryptocurrencies. The authors propose algorithms that allow us to classify bitcoin transactions on the subject of whether they use mixers – the main means of hiding traces in the public blockchain and, perhaps, the main participant in most criminal schemes, whether it is money laundering or terrorist financing.
Da captura incidental de Manta birostris (Chondrichthyes, Mobulidae) em pescaria industrial de camarão-rosa na plataforma continental amazônica.
Authors: Cintra Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto , Paiva Kleber de Sá , Klautau Alex Garcia Cavalleiro de Macedo , Silva Kátia Cristina de Araújo
Published: June 2021

A pesca industrial de arrasto de fundo para camarões na costa norte do Brasil tem como espécies alvo Farfantepenaeus subtilis e F. brasiliensis, com absoluta predominância da primeira. Nesta pescaria, acidentalmente são capturadas algumas espécies que constam na Lista Vermelha da União Internacional para a Conservação da Natureza - UICN, com destaque para os elasmobrânquios. Em setembro de 2010 às 16:27 horas foi capturada uma raia-jamanta, Manta birostris. O exemplar era uma fêmea e estava a 42 metros de profundidade quando capturada. Após registro em vídeo o indivíduo foi devolvido ao mar com vida. Este estudo faz o primeiro registro de captura de M. birostris por uma embarcação da frota industrial camaroneira na costa norte brasileira.
Microbiota do Ecossistema Babitonga: importância, diagnóstico de estudo e perspectivas
Authors: Oortman Mariana Serwy , Rhoden Sandro Augusto , Gern Regina Maria Miranda
Published: June 2021

Atualmente existe uma grande pressão antrópica no Ecossistema Babitonga-SC evidenciada pela a poluição de suas águas oriundas dos despejos industriais, desmatamento, esgoto doméstico, pesca predatória, ocupação ilegal de áreas públicas, aterramentos dos bosques de mangue, avanço imobiliário e exploração turística. Além destas atividades, incluem-se os atuais e os futuros empreendimentos portuários, que já possuem licenciamento ambiental e/ou têm a possibilidade de instalação . A microbiota aquática e as que estão ligadas aos biomas associados ao Ecossistema Babitonga, em especial, restinga, manguezal, marisma, planícies de maré, são complexas no seu aspecto ecológico, uma vez que, os ambientes são heterogêneos. São praticamente inexistentes dados acadêmicos na Ecossistema Babitonga sobre a biodiversidade, que compreende especialmente a presença de bactérias e de fungos. Com o sucessivo aumento da pressão humana nos últimos 40 anos, há possibilidade que parte da biodiversidade esteja sendo perdida, sem ao menos termos o conhecimento da sua existência, ou seja, a extinção de uma rica diversidade genética. Acrescenta-se a esta perda, a subtração dos possíveis produtos biotecnológicos oriundos desta diversidade, que poderiam ser aplicados na indústria farmacêutica e na agroindústria. Este estudo teve como objetivo compilar publicações a respeito de micro-organismos no Ecossistema Babitonga e destacar sua importância ecológica e biotecnológica.
Pengurusan Daya Intelek Kanak-Kanak Melalui Rangsangan Imaginasi dalam Episod Cari dan Simpan Berdasarkan Prinsip Kepimpinan
Authors: Mohd Shuhaini Norsaliza , Wahid Azhar
Published: June 2021

Alam pembelajaran kanak-kanak bermula dengan tercetusnya satu pengalaman. Membesar dalam kemajuan pembangunan teknologi dan perisian evolusi abad ke 21 mencabar proses perkembangan intelek kanak-kanak. Intelligent Quotient (IQ), iaitu kecerdasan akal semata-mata tidak menjanjikan keseimbangan dan kejayaan dalam pengurusan kehidupan Kekaguman dan ketinggian intelek yang terkandung di dalamnya mempamerkan kerelevanan dalam upayanya mengendalikan daya intelek dan imaginasi kanak-kanak. Terdahulu, kanak-kanak leka dengan sastera lisannya tetapi gaya hidup kini mengubah kehidupan semula jadi kanak-kanak melalui ledakan informasi pembangunan teknologi yang berupaya mempengaruhi minda kanak-kanak dengan maklumat kurang tepat dan mengelirukan. Dengan menggunakan bahan tontonan kartun animasi Upin dan Ipin, objektif kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana kanak-kanak menguruskan daya intelek dalam episod “Cari dan Simpan”. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan Prinsip Kepimpinan yang terkandung dalam Pendekatan Pengurusan (Mohammad Mokhtar Abu Hassan, 2013). Pemaparan episod Upin dan Ipin ini memperlihatkan pengurusan daya intelek dan rangsangan imaginasi kanak-kanak dalam menguruskan kehidupan tanpa sengaja, tiada paksaan dan tiada kekasaran yang hanya akan menghentikan proses pembelajaran kanak-kanak. Hasil daripada kajian ini menjelaskan dalam proses kanak-kanak mencari logik, mereka banyak menggunakan daya intelek dan rangsangan imaginasi bagi membentuk realiti dalam kehidupan dengan memikirkan cara menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapi. Selain itu, dapatan kajian ini juga dapat memberikan sumbangan dari segi penambahan kajian-kajian berkaitan dengan pengurusan kehidupan kanak-kanak.
Tahap Kebolehan Pelajar Mendefinisikan Patriotisme Melalui Pengajaran Novel Leftenan Adnan Wira Bangsa
Authors: Ismail Saripah Dora , Wahid Azhar
Published: June 2021

Kajian berkaitan Tahap Kebolehan Pelajar Mendefinisikan Patriotisme melalui Pengajaran Novel Leftenan Adnan Wira Bangsa ini bertujuan menilai kebolehan pelajar mendefinisikan patriotisme dengan tepat melalui pengajaran novel Leftenan Adnan Wira Bangsa yang menjadi teks kajian novel pelajar tingkatan empat. Kajian ini dibuat melalui penilaian di dalam kelas. Kajian ini juga bertujuan menguji Teori Teksdealisme terhadap novel yang dikaji. Reka bentuk kuantitatif digunakan untuk mendapatkan data penilaian berstruktur di dalam kelas. Instrumen kajian digunakan iaitu teks novel yang dikaji, set soalan dan rekod anekdot yang telah disemak oleh pakar untuk tujuan kesahan serta kebolehpercayaan. Pemilihan subjek kajian dijalankan secara persampelan kebarangkalian melibatkan 35 orang responden yang terdiri daripada pelajar tingkatan empat di Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Bukit Sentosa, Selangor. Penilaian pra dan pasca pengajaran yang dibuat adalah berdasarkan Model Penilaian Formatif Tessmer (1993). Data kajian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis teks anekdot yang dijalankan semasa penilaian pra dan pasca dilakukan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pelajar mampu mendefinisikan ‘patriotisme’ dengan lebih tepat setelah mempelajari novel ini. Kesimpulannya, novel Leftenan Adnan Wira Bangsa merupakan sebuah novel yang dikarang oleh penulis yang ideal kerana mempunyai banyak unsur patriotisme dan mampu melahirkan pelajar yang boleh menjelaskan makna patriostisme dengan tepat. Implikasi kajian menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan novel ini dapat menjadikan proses menyemai rasa patriotik dalam diri pelajar selaku pembaca menjadi lebih pantas serta relevan.
Acquisition of English Article Uses by Japanese EFL Learners
Authors: Mueller Charles M. , Tsushima Yasuhiro
Published: June 2021

College-level Japanese learners of English find articles difficult to acquire. To determine which uses of English articles pose the greatest difficulties to this population, the current study examined first-year students’ (N = 178) performance on an article assessment instrument. Results indicated patterns of difficulty somewhat different from those reported by Liu and Gleason (2002), who conducted research on ESL learners from diverse L1 backgrounds. In the current study, participants displayed greater accuracy on uses that could be captured by easy-to-apply rules involving linguistic form (i.e., those consistently marked by specific lexical items, iterative use of lexical items, or grammatical constructions) and lower accuracy on uses captured primarily by semantic rules. The results are useful to EFL teachers in determining which uses of the articles should receive primary focus in instruction aimed at first-year Japanese college students.
英語の冠詞の習得は、大学生レベルの日本人英語学習者にとってかなりの難題のひとつとなっている。本研究は、これらの学習者にとって冠詞のどの用法の習得が最も難しいのかを特定化するために、冠詞を試す測定テストで大学1年生（N＝178）の成績を検証した。結果として、英語以外の言語を第１言語としてもつESL学習者を調査したLiu and Gleason (2002)によって報告された難しさとは幾分異なったパターンが出た。本調査において、被験者は、（特定の語彙項目、語彙項目の反復的な使用、あるいは文法構文といった）言語形式を含む適用しやすい規則によって捉えられる用法では正確さがより高く、他方、主に意味規則によって捉えられる用法では正確さがより低い結果を示した。本研究の結果は、日本の大学1年生の英語教育において、どの冠詞の用法に主たる焦点を置くべきなのかを決定する際に、EFL教師にとって有益となる。
ON THE STATE OF SOME RELIGIOUS REALITIES IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS IN THE NOVEL “BYGONE DAYS”
Authors:   Basic Doctoral Student Of National University Of Uzbekistan, Kasimova Ziyoda Movlon Qizi
Published: June 2021

The article examines the description of religious realities and features of reflection in the process of translation.
Nighttime sleep benefits the prospective component of prospective memory
Authors: Böhm Mateja F. , Bayen Ute J. , Pietrowsky Reinhard
Published: June 2021

Studies suggest that sleep benefits event-based prospective memory, which involves carrying out intentions when particular events occur. Prospective memory has a prospective component (remembering that one has an intention), and a retrospective component (remembering when to carry it out). As effects of sleep on retrospective memory are well established, the effect of sleep on prospective memory may thus be due exclusively to an effect of sleep on its retrospective component. Therefore, the authors investigated whether nighttime sleep improves the prospective component of prospective memory, or a retrospective component, or both. In a first session, participants performed an event-based prospective-memory task (that was embedded in an ongoing task) 3 minutes after forming an intention and, in a second session, 12 hours after forming an intention. The sessions were separated by either nighttime sleep or daytime wakefulness. The authors disentangled prospective-memory performance into its retrospective and prospective components via multinomial processing tree modeling. There was no effect of sleep on the retrospective component, which may have been due to a time-of-day effect. The prospective component, which is the component unique to prospective memory, declined less strongly after a retention interval filled with sleep as compared with a retention interval filled with wakefulness. A hybrid interaction suggested that refreshed attention after sleep may account for this effect, but did not support the consolidation of the association between the intention and its appropriate context as a mechanism driving the effect.
Towards a standardization of non-symbolic numerical experiments: GeNEsIS, a flexible and user-friendly tool to generate controlled stimuli
Authors: Zanon Mirko , Potrich Davide , Bortot Maria , Vallortigara Giorgio
Published: June 2021

Several studies have suggested that vertebrate and invertebrate species may possess a number sense, i.e. an ability to process in a non-symbolic and non-verbal way the numerousness of a set of items. However, this hypothesis has been challenged by the presence of other non-numerical continuous physical variables, which vary along with numerosity (i.e., any change in the number of visual physical elements in a set naturally involves a related change in visual features such as area, density, contour length and convex hull of the stimulus). It is therefore necessary to control and manipulate the continuous physical information when investigating the ability of humans and other animals to perceive numerousness. During decades of research, different methods have been implemented in order to address this issue, which has implications for experiment replicability and inter-species comparisons, since no general standardized procedure is currently being used. Here we present the ‘Generation of Numerical Elements Images Software’ (GeNEsIS) for the creation of non-symbolic numerical arrays in a standardized and user-friendly environment. The main aim of this tool is to provide researchers in the field of numerical cognition a manageable and precise instrument to produce visual numerical arrays controlled for all the continuous variables. Additionally, we implemented the ability to actively guide stimuli presentation during habituation/dishabituation and dual-choice comparison tasks used in human and comparative research.
Foam Glass Gravel Experimentally Made in a 10 kW-Microwave Oven
Authors: Paunescu Lucian , Axinte Sorin Mircea , Cosmulescu Felicia
Published: June 2021

Abstract                                                        

The experimental manufacture of foam glass gravel from glass waste has been quantitatively extended by increasing the power of the microwave oven from 0.8 to10 kW, the authors' interest being focused on the quality of the foamed product. The work equipment was rather improvised, the existing used oven not being adequate except to small extent for the requirements of the experiment, but it allowed obtaining a product similar to those industrially manufactured by conventional techniques. Using a recipe previously tested on the 0.8 kW-microwave oven composed of 1 wt.% glycerol as a liquid foaming agent together with 8 wt.% water glass as an enveloping agent and 8 wt.% water as a binder, the main features of the foam glass gravel lumps were: bulk density of 0.22 g/cm3, porosity of 88.9%, thermal conductivity of 0.057 W/m·K, compressive strength of 5.9 MPa and pore size between 0.10-0.30 mm. The specific energy consumption was negatively influenced by the excessive internal volume of the oven, but even under these conditions its value was relatively low (between 1.53-1.69 kWh/kg).
Autisme et voix : quelles pratiques langagières pour les aidants familiaux ?
Authors: Rey Véronique , DeMartino Sonia , Romain Christina
Published: June 2021

Les auteurs proposent une méthode langagière de prise en charge (PRATLANG) pour les personnes atteintes de trouble du spectre autistique (TSA). PRATLANG s’est développé à partir d’une réflexion théorique en deux temps. Une première étape présente des éléments théoriques relatifs aux liens entre d’une part le développement de la voix parlée et de la voix chantée dans la communication langagière typique et d’autre part, les difficultés rencontrées chez les personnes atteintes de TSA. Une deuxième étape examine les interactions linguistiques du point de vue de la transmission. Les auteurs rendent compte de la transmission de pratiques culturelles ritualisées liées au langage en s’appuyant sur les principes d’imitation gestuelle. À partir de ces éléments théoriques, la méthode PRATLANG a pour objectif la mise en place d’une éducation de la parole chez les personnes atteintes de TSA à travers des interactions linguistiques ritualisées avec les aidants familiaux.
Apprendre et généraliser de nouveaux noms : les leçons de la comparaison. Une revue de la littérature
Authors: Lagarrigue Yannick , Thibaut Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2021

Lorsqu’ils apprennent un nouveau mot, les jeunes enfants doivent abstraire les dimensions pertinentes, parfois peu saillantes pour utiliser correctement ce mot, alors que les dimensions saillantes ne sont pas toujours pertinentes. Cette revue de question porte sur le rôle positif de la présentation simultanée de deux exemples (ou plus) d’une même catégorie. Pour la détection des dimensions pertinentes, une présentation simultanée s’avère souvent plus efficace que la présentation d’un exemplaire unique ou la présentation séquentielle de plusieurs exemplaires d’apprentissage. Les études que nous recensons et présentons ici montrent que les situations dans lesquelles les exemples sont regroupés sous un terme commun sont plus efficaces que celles où les exemples ne sont pas nommés (ou nommés avec des termes différents). La comparaison porte sur le cas de noms d’objets mais aussi de noms pour des relations (par exemple voisin, addition). Nous montrons également que l’augmentation du nombre d’exemplaires n’augmente pas systématiquement la performance des plus jeunes, car elle augmente aussi les coûts de ces comparaisons. La synthèse présente les mécanismes explicatifs de l’efficacité d’une comparaison, notamment celui de l’alignement.