bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acoustic Method of Information Transmission in a Horizontal Directional Drilling Device
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Vagin A. V.
Published: October 2023

An acoustic method has been developed for transmitting information about the coordinates of the drill head during the operation of a horizontal directional drilling device during the project laying of communications. The paper considers the traditional technology of horizontal directional drilling, and the electromagnetic method of transmitting information in trenchless laying of communications. An acoustic channel for information transmission has been studied in terms of asynchronous data transmission. The temporal structure of the signal, as well as the structure of the byte issued in acoustic transmission of information, have been developed. The optimal operating frequency of the transceiver system was chosen and the capacity of the acoustic information transmission channel was evaluated. The requirements for the modulator-demodulator of signals of an acoustic information transmission system are determined, the simulation of the propagation of an information package is carried out, taking into account the resonant properties of the converter using the Multisim circuit simulation package. For modeling, an equivalent circuit has been developed that forms an information package in the form of a chess code.
Optimizing a Pipe Reinforcement Scheme Under Tensile Deformation, Considering the Optimality Criteria
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Polyakov V. A.
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the optimization of a pipe reinforcement scheme under tensile deformation. In the Siemens NX environment, a model is created and an analysis of the stress-strain state is carried out, trajectories of reinforcement laying are identified, and a reinforcement scheme is created. The resulting scheme is brought to the optimal by applying the optimality criteria. The main criteria for fixed structures include the given mass criterion and the maximum displacement and stress criteria. Various options for transforming the reinforcement scheme are considered. By maintaining a balance between an increase in strength characteristics and a decrease in the mass of the structure, an optimal reinforcement scheme has been achieved. Ultimately, a reinforcement scheme has been developed that satisfies the specified optimization criteria.
Questions of Motion Control and Technical Means Control of Autonomous Ships
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Ambrosovsky V. M. , Gruwerman A. D. ,   OSK-T company
Published: October 2023

This article presents the categories of autonomous vessels in accordance with the classification of the Shipbuilding Register, identifies options for installing motion and maneuvering controls that can be used on autonomous vessels, defines the composition of the main automatic control and maneuvering systems of autonomous vessels, suggests the composition of the necessary navigation systems and sensors for automating the movement and maneuvering of an autonomous vessel, discusses general issues automation of autonomous vessels, an analysis of the works of foreign authors on this issue is presented, the structure of automatic motion control and maneuvering systems of an autonomous vessel is proposed, the structures of automatic control systems of technical means and the general control and dispatching system, the communication system of an autonomous vessel with a coastal control post are considered, the composition of the tasks of automation of technical means and automation of an autonomous vessel is determined.
Institutional Glossaries: Threshold between Normative and Descriptive Approaches
Authors:   Department of Airspace Control, Rigaud Peixoto Rafaela ,   Universty of Sao Paulo
Published: October 2023

The development of a glossary has to account for possible different uses and users, and when it comes to an institutional terminological database, it has to ideally follow some standards in order to comprise applied description of terms and ensure normalization in a given field. Based on current discussions on institutional and specialized translation (F. Prieto-Ramos/ D. Guzmán 2021, F. Prieto-Ramos/ G. Cerutti 2023), and theory-oriented and a translation-oriented terminological approaches (M. Thelen 2015), the threshold between normative and descriptive approaches was discussed, regarding institutional glossaries, specifically comprising the domain of Aeronautical Meteorology, by analyzing the design and guidelines of six glossaries, published by supranational, non-governmental, and government institutions, and universities and commercial companies. As a result, it was verified that a more accurate terminological foundation is generally a concern of institutional entities, tending to a normative approach.
Global or Local Errors? Cross-language Influence in Aeronautical Communication
Authors:   Airspace Control Institute (ICEA), Santana Juliana
Published: October 2023

This paper aims to discuss and explore - through authentic examples that depict the interlanguage hypothesis and cross-language influence in second language acquisition - some effects of being bilingual when teaching, learning and assessing Aeronautical English (AE). Foreign speakers’ mother tongue (L1) tends to affect the way certain structural misuses of English are detected and identified, such as word order inversion (e.g. Happened an accident), which also affects training and assessment practices either negatively or positively. In other words, depending on the context, global errors, i.e. structural mistakes that affect meaning, might be interpreted as merely local errors which do not usually interfere with meaning, when they actually do. On the other hand, bilingual instructors can anticipate some mistakes Brazilian students commonly make and try to prevent them from happening. Considering that there are also some instances of mistakes that are more of an accidental slip than an actual error, how can one tell the difference between errors and occasional slips of the tongue? How important is recognizing these differences when training and assessing students’ Aeronautical English proficiency? The examples and discussions presented here can help us address some of these questions and language issues.
Pediatric complex regional pain syndrome following maxillofacial trauma: A case report
Authors: Mitro Valeria , Cirignaco Giulio , Gilli Massimiliano , Giovacchini Francesco , Tullio Antonio
Published: October 2023

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) has been described as a painful disorder with a different type of presentation and evolution months after the noxious event. The affected area shows color and vasomotor changes. Diagnosis of CRPS is hard and usually made by the Budapest criteria, as the pathological basis is still not completely known. We present this rare case that supports the idea of managing signs and symptoms with a multidisciplinary approach and supports the effective presence of a subtype of CRPS in children. This could make any other physician aware of possible diagnosis and, in the future, support the possible integration of this subtype in the Budapest criteria.
Research on the specific toxicity of the drug “BTF plus” – a means for nor-malizing metabolic processes in animals and poultry
Authors: Sachuk R. M. , Gutyj B. V. , Stravskyy Ya. S. , Katsaraba O. A. , Dyshkant O. V. , Kalynovska L. V.
Published: October 2023

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the subacute toxicity and tolerance of the veterinary drug “BTF plus” on white rats, dogs, and guinea pigs. The “BTF plus” preparation is a complex vitamin and mineral preparation based on butophosphane, L-carnitine, and cyanocobalamin, which normalizes and corrects metabolic processes in animals and poultry. The drug is used for various types of animals and poultry as a stimulating, tonic and general strengthening agent for obstetric pathologies (difficult births, postpartum complications, paresis, eclampsia, sexual cycle disorders); metabolic disorders caused by irrational feeding, malnutrition, asthenic syndrome, etc.; anemia with helminthiasis; secondary anemias, as an additional means in the treatment of magnesium and calcium deficiency; to increase muscle activity, with significant loads, overstrain and exhaustion in animals; to increase the body's resistance to various pathogens; to stimulate growth, development and live weight gain in young animals and poultry; as an additional means in the treatment of diseases caused by various factors (infectious and non-infectious origin). When administered subcutaneously to rats, the drug “BTF plus” under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment in doses (by absolute weight of the drug) of 200.0, 1000.0, and 2000.0 mg/kg of body weight does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals, but on the contrary, stimulates hematopoietic processes and has a positive effect on metabolic processes in their body. Subcutaneous administration of the drug “BTF plus” to dogs in doses (by absolute weight of the drug) of 200.0, 1000.0, and 2000 mg/kg of body weight for ten days does not cause hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects on the body under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment, but on the contrary, stimulates hematopoietic processes and has a positive effect on metabolic processes in the body of target animals. The tolerance of guinea pigs to the drug “BTF plus” was studied. It was established that the drug does not hurt the body and behavior of ants when administered subcutaneously in doses (based on the absolute weight of the drug) (5000,0–15000,0) mg/kg of body weight. Further studies will be the next stage of pre-registration tests aimed at studying the embryotoxic and carcinogenic effect of “BTF plus”, which is mandatory material of the “Safety and residue studies” section of the dossier for this medicinal product.
Antimicrobial properties of ethanolic plant extracts on microorganisms of the genus Staphylococcus aureus, Echerihia coli
Authors: Khyl A. M. , Peredera S. B.
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, the importance of medicinal plants has increased significantly as a source of biologically active substances, including antibacterial action. There is an intensive search for effective and safe drugs that could perform the function of preventive disinfection, reduce the negative impact on the animal's body and the environment as a whole, and be economically beneficial. Therefore, we chose 17 promising types of plant raw materials for the study due to the sufficient prevalence and diversity of chemical composition. The scientific work presents the results of the effectiveness of ethanolic plant extracts against aureus, Echerihia coli and Staphylococcus. The antibacterial effect of plant tinctures of Kalgan, Comfrey, Bearberry, Geranium, Nut membranes and Dandelion on St. Aureus strain 209 P and E. coli strain 1257 was revealed. According to the results of the studies, high and moderate antibacterial activity of plant materials was found, which is an effective means of preventive measures in veterinary medicine. It has also been found that the “wells” method is more effective than the paper disc method and gives a more accurate result, so it is relevant in further research. Herbal medicines account for more than 50 % of all pharmaceuticals. A significant place among them is occupied by prophylactic disinfectants used to prevent diseases. The main active substances of such products are secondary metabolites of medicinal plants, which include phenols and flavonoids, that in turn have antimicrobial effects. The content of these substances is controlled by analyzing extracts made from plant material. Calgan is a perennial medicinal plant of the Pink family that has a number of powerful properties. The rhizome of this plant contains flavonoids, wax, iron, starch, malic acid, essential oils, catechin, glycosides, vitamins PP, A, Z. Comfrey is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the family of broadleaves. The highest concentration of nutrients is found in the rhizome of the three-year-old plant: tannins, amino acids, alkaloids, flavonoids, etc. Geranium is a perennial herb of the geranium family, rich in tannins – tannins are found in the rhizome and ground part of the plant. It also contains flavonoids, triterpene saponins, carotene, vitamin C, and starch. Dandelion is a perennial plant from the aster family. The roots contain inulin, fructose, organic acids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, waxes, and higher fatty acids. The walnut membranes are rich in iodine, zinc, magnesium, ascorbic and nicotinic acids, PP and B vitamins, tannins, and essential oils. Bearberry is a genus of evergreen hardwood shrubs of the heather family. The main active ingredients are phenolic compounds.
Quality indicators of fish from the water of the southern region of Ukraine
Authors: Holubenko O. O. , Tarasenko L. O. , Rud V. O.
Published: October 2023

A study of the fish caught in the reservoirs of the Khadzhibey estuary (Odesa region) was conducted in order to determine its quality and safety according to microbiological indicators. No pathogenic or conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were found in all the fish samples studied – mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus). During the study of physico-chemical indicators of water quality and safety of the estuary, water samples were taken for the content of pesticides, insecticides and heavy metals. The content of cadmium, copper, lead and mercury does not exceed the permissible level for fish farms, zinc exceeds the maximum permissible concentration by 2.3 – 3.0 % (depending on the period of the year). The insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloromethylmethane was found in the water, the content of which exceeds the maximum allowable concentration for sea fishing ponds by 18 %, and the pesticide beta-hexochlorocyclohexane – by 5.2 %. It has been studied and established that the fish caught in the estuary, according to its microbiological and physicochemical indicators, is safe, does not pose a threat to the health of people and animals, and is suitable for further use and consumption.
Eflak – Boğdan’ın Birliği Meselesi ve Osmanlı Basınına Göre Prens Carol’un Romanya Tahtına Çıkışı
Authors: BİRBUDAK Togay Seçkin
Published: October 2023

Tuna’nın kuzeyi XIV. Yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren Osmanlı Devleti için önemli bir hedef haline gelmiş ve Romanya’nın tarihî voyvodalıkları olan Eflak ve Boğdan düzenlenen seferler neticesinde önce haraca bağlanmış, Fatih Sultan Mehmed zamanında ise kesin olarak hâkimiyet altına alınmıştır. Dört asırdan uzun bir süre elde tutulan Eflak ve Boğdan, Balkanlardaki genel idare anlayışından farklı bir metotla merkezî idareye bağlı otonom yapılar olarak konumlandırılmıştır.
Ancak XVIII. Yüzyıldan itibaren gerek idarede yaşanan aksaklıklar ve gerekse Rusya ile yaşanan savaşlar bu beylikler üzerindeki Osmanlı hâkimiyetini önemli derecede zayıflatan gelişmeler olmuştur. Bunlara ilaveten beyliklerden yükselen birlik yanlısı politik hareketlerin de etkisiyle XIX. Yüzyılın ikinci yarısında ilk önce Tuna prenslikleri tek bir idare altında birleşmiş, sonrasında da bağımsız Rumen devleti tesis edilmiştir.
Söz konusu çalışma Eflak ve Boğdan beyliklerinin kesin bir şekilde birleşmesini sağlayan ve ileride bağımsız Romanya’nın ilk kralı unvanını kazanacak olan Alman Prensi Carol’un ülkenin başına geçiş sürecini Osmanlı basınında yer alan haberler ekseninde ele almaktadır.
XIX. Yüzyılın İlk Yarısında Osmanlı’da Nüfus ve Beşerî Sermaye: Selanik Örneği
Authors: BAYCAR Kazım , METE Ömer Faruk
Published: October 2023

Tarihsel bağlamda nüfus çalışmaları akademi dünyasında gün geçtikçe daha fazla ilgi görmeye başlayan bir alan haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışma tarihsel demografi kapsamında on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ilk yarısında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun en gözde vilayetlerinden biri olan Selanik’in demografik yapısını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Selanik bu dönemde ticaretin hakim olduğu bir liman kenti olduğu kadar, farklı dinî ve etnik aidiyetlere mensup insanların da bir arada yaşadığı bir kent olması yönüyle pek çok çeşitliliği içinde barındırmaktaydı. Kentin bu özelliği çalışmamızın konusunu oluşturmasında etken olmuştur. Makalemizin veri kaynakları Selanik kentinde yaşayan insanların sayısı, yaşları ve fiziksel özellikleri kadar bu değişkenlerden hareketle türeteceğimiz beşerî sermaye verileri oluşturmaktadır. Söz konusu veriler Tanzimat'ın başından itibaren imparatorluğun birçok bölgesinde tutulan nüfus kayıtlarından biri olan 1841 tarihli Müslim ve gayrimüslim nüfus defterlerinden elde edilmiştir. İçerik itibarıyla son derece zengin niteliğe sahip bu defterler Selanik’te her bir erkek hane reisinin ismi, şöhreti, fiziksel özellikleri, yaşları, meslekleri, erkek çocuk sayısı ve engellilik durumları gibi bilgiler sunmaktadır. Oluşturduğumuz veri kümesinden hareketle Selanik nüfusunun temel özellikleri farklı toplumsal bileşenler arasında mukayeseli bir biçimde değerlendirilecektir.
Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet Fikrinin Gelişimi ve Cumhuriyet’in İlanı Süresinde Yaşanan Fikri Tartışmalar
Authors: VATANDAŞ Saniye , VATANDAŞ Celalettin
Published: October 2023

Etkisini her geçen gün daha çok hissettiren yasal, askeri, siyasi, ekonomik, kültürel alandaki sorunları, Avrupa’da oluşan ve gelişen sistemi farklı boyutlarıyla ve miktarlarıyla da olsa model alarak çözüme kavuşturma biçiminde başlayan Türk modernleşmesi, zaman içerisinde gelişip olgunlaşmış, bu olgunlaşma sürecinin önemli aşamaları olan Tanzimat ve Meşrutiyet eşiklerini takiben en önemli aşamasına 29 Ekim 1923 günü Cumhuriyet sistemine geçerek sahip olmuştur. Sürecin en önemli konu başlıklarından birini, siyasal sistemin niteliği sorunu oluşturmuştur. Tanzimat döneminde başlayan ve zaman içerisinde daha da belirgin hale gelen siyasal sistemi önceleri revize etme, sonraları ise değiştirip yenisini inşa etme yönünde gelişen fikri çabalar, Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın önderliğinde 29 Ekim 1923 günü fiili bir devrime dönüşmüştür. Fakat Cumhuriyet’in ilan ediliş biçimi ve Cumhurbaşkanının yetkileri konusu, süreç içerisinde önemli fikri tartışma ve çatışmalara yol açmıştır. Cumhuriyet’in ilanından birkaç ay önce başlayan fikri tartışma ve çatışmalar, Cumhuriyet’in ilanı ile en üst düzeyine erişmiştir. Bu araştırma Cumhuriyet’in ilanını ve bu süreçte yaşanan fikri tartışma ve çatışmaları konu edinmektedir. Cumhuriyetin ilanı öncesinde ve ilanı sonrasında yaşanan fikri tartışma ve çatışmalar eşliğinde söz konusu ilanın gerçekleşme süreci detaylı bir şekilde tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Konu, başta dönem gazetelerinde yer alan makaleler, haberler ve duyurular olmak üzere dönem resmî belgeleri, beyanatları, Meclis tutanakları eşliğinde incelenmiştir.
Insights into Digital Transformation Adoption in State-Owned Organizations: A Study from Vietnam
Authors: Pham Thanh Mai , Nguyen Hai Ninh
Published: October 2023

Digital transformation is a critical imperative for organizations worldwide, transcending industries and sectors. This study focuses on the context of state-owned organizations in Vietnam, investigating the key factors influencing the adoption of digital transformation initiatives. The research explores the roles of Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), and Willingness to Change (WC) in shaping the adoption process. The study employs a quantitative research design, utilizing a structured questionnaire to collect data from 200 managers and staff members in 20 state-owned organizations that have implemented digital transformation. Statistical analysis, including Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), is employed to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings reveal significant relationships between these key factors and digital transformation adoption. Both PU and PEOU have a positive and significant impact on DTA, indicating that when employees perceive digital tools as beneficial and user-friendly, they are more likely to embrace digital transformation. Moreover, a positive relationship between PEOU and WC highlights the importance of user-friendly technologies in fostering employees' willingness to change. Furthermore, the study underscores the mediating role of WC in amplifying the impact of PU and PEOU on DTA, emphasizing the significance of cultivating a workforce open to change in driving successful digital transformation. These findings offer theoretical insights into the digital transformation adoption process in state-owned organizations and provide practical implications for organizations seeking to navigate the complexities of digital transformation in a rapidly evolving technological landscape.
Application of the Object Oriented Analysis Method and Design Web Profile at MA Darussalam Pangkal Pinang
Authors: Vista Umar Faruq , Tou Nurhaeka , Endraswari Putri Mentari
Published: October 2023

Web profile is one of the effective media for disseminating information in introducing the institution to the wider community. This is what is used by many government and private agencies, one of which is an educational institution or school. MA (Madrasah Aliyah) Darussalam Pangkalpinang is one of the education institutions under the auspices of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. MA Darussalam Pangkalpinang does not currently have a Web Profile as a means of disseminating information to the public at large. This research has the objective of helping MA Darussalam Pangkalpinang to have a medium for disseminating information that can be accessed by the wider community easily, effectively, and efficiently. In making the Web Profile in this study, the Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) method was used which has several work stages that can optimize web performance to be optimal. Based on the OOAD method in this study, there are 5 diagrams used, including Use Case, Activity, Collaboration, Sequence, and Class Diagrams. The result of applying the OOAD method is a website-based school profile application that contains useful information belonging to the school, especially MA Darussalam Pangkalpinang which can be accessed by students and the wider community. With this web profile, it is hoped that it will help MA Darussalam in promoting their school more broadly and building a better school branding.
Prototype of Melon Fruit Quality Sorter Based on Skin Texture Using Local Binary Pattern Histogram
Authors: Yuliawan Rozaq Arminnur , Firmansyah Riza Agung
Published: October 2023

Cucumis Melo L is one of the popular fruits in Indonesia. The numerous benefits and various contents of melon make it highly valuable for human health. Determining the quality of melon is crucial, considering its numerous benefits and contents. The quality of melon is determined by the presence of net-like patterns on the surface of the fruit's skin when it is ripe for harvest. Currently, conventional methods that rely on direct visual observation are still commonly used to sort the quality of melons. Therefore, a prototype system was developed to sort the quality of melons based on the texture of their skin. The purpose of this system is to reduce errors caused by eye fatigue and variations in accuracy during the sorting process. In this research, the feature extraction method of the local binary pattern (LBP) was employed, along with the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method for classification. The classification was divided into two grades: Grade A and Grade B melons. The testing phase involved 200 data samples, with each grade consisting of 100 data samples. The results of the testing phase showed a success rate of 96% for the system. Based on the percentage, it can be concluded that the system has successfully performed well in sorting the quality of melons based on the texture of their skin.
Znaczenie przedsiębiorczości w kształtowaniu przewag konkurencyjnych
Authors: Weresa Marzenna Anna , Kowalski Arkadiusz Michał , Próchniak Mariusz , Tomeczek Artur Franciszek , Napiórkowski Tomasz , Milewicz Waldemar , Dzienis Anna , Lewandowska Małgorzata Stefania , Danik Lidia
Published: October 2023

Celem monografii na gruncie teoretycznym jest rozszerzenie wiedzy na temat przedsiębiorczości jako czynnika konkurencyjności gospodarek oraz zidentyfikowanie kierunków badań nad konkurencyjnością, które w pojawiły się literaturze przedmiotu w odpowiedzi na nowe wyzwania XXI w., związane m.in. z kryzysem klimatycznym, pandemią COVID-19 czy zmianami demograficznymi. Celem przeprowadzonych analiz empirycznych jest wyznaczenie bieżącej pozycji konkurencyjnej polskiej gospodarki na tle innych krajów Unii Europejskiej (UE) i jej zmian w latach 2015–2022, z uwzględnieniem znaczenia przedsiębiorczości w kontekście kształtowania się przewag konkurencyjnych, w tym powstawania startupów.
The Netherlands and the prosecution and trial of Islamic State suspects in Rojava
Authors: Jongerden Joost
Published: October 2023

After the military defeat of the Islamic State (IS) in Syria and Iraq, the challenge of dealing with foreign IS fighters emerged, with many of them being held in detention facilities under the jurisdiction of the Autonomous Administration in North and East Syria. Yet, indecisiveness and unwillingness of the anti-IS collation to establish a mechanism for the actual prosecuting and trying of IS suspects has raised significant concerns, as it could potentially lead to the re-emergence of the organization. This article delves into the Netherlands' efforts to explore potential collaborations with the Autonomous Administration in North and East Syria for prosecuting and trying IS suspects. The data for this article was obtained through a Freedom of Information Act (Wet Openbaar Bestuur, WOB) request. The documents, spanning from 2018 to 2021, reveal that more than just international law, political considerations played a significant role in hindering the implementation of cooperation with the authorities in the Autonomous Administration in North and East Syria.
Analysis of Perlocutional Speech Acts on Whatsapp Chat
Authors: Tia Fazira  , Yusni Khairul Amri
Published: October 2023

Whatsapp is an internet-based application that has the potential to be used as a medium of communication. The use of WhatsApp itself is simple and does not require a password and is directly connected to contacts and on time to send messages. This analysis aims to describe perlocutionary speech acts contained in whatsapp chat. The data source in this analysis is the man's whatsapp chat. In this analysis, the data were analyzed using perlocutionary speech acts, namely speech acts that refer to the effects that speakers have by saying something, such as making them feel confident, happy and motivated. According to Searle in Chaer (2010: 29-30) types of speech in pragmatics are divided into five namely representative, directive, expressive, commissive, and declaration grouping speech acts into five types, namely representative, directive, expressive, commissive, and declaration speech acts. From the results of the analysis of the twenty data that has been collected, there are 6 data included in the three perlocutionary speech acts, namely 1 directive perlocutionary speech act data (supplication), 2 directive perlocutionary speech act data (confirming), 1 perlocutionary speech act data directive (instructions), 1 data of assertive perlocutionary speech acts (suggesting) and 1 data of expressive perlocutionary acts (quipping).
Post Marxist Reading of Leviathan: Sinfield `s Ideology
Authors: Fatemeh Kargar Bardaskan  , Seyed Hadi Momen
Published: October 2023

The present research shows how a political ideology reading can be perceived by a Post Marxist reading in the Leviathan. In Leviathan, the characters dealt with the important Marxists concepts such as lack of justice and social discrimination and their following effects on people including disillusionment, hopelessness and aimlessness. These effects have stultifying influence on the individuals and make them unaware of their talents and in the end lead them to a life full of misery and hopelessness. Characters and the author himself struggle in a capitalistic society and consciously or unconsciously they are trying at stand against the dominant ideologies and from other hand they themselves are totally dominated by those ideologies and there is no way out, in Leviathan by Paul Auster.
Floating Tone in Èsùkù
Authors: Fáladé Ọpéyemí Williams
Published: October 2023

This paper examines floating tone in Èsùkù - one of the dialects of Akpes spoken in Àjọwá community in Àkókó North West local Government area of Òndó State.  Scholars have shown that, floating tone performs functions such as: completed action, negation, agreement, genitive marker, etc. In this paper, it is establish that, a floating tone acts as genitive marker in a noun-noun construction and show completed action in a declarative sentence. Findings in this study show that, apart from /ɔní-/ which serves as genitive marker in the speech form, Èsùkù also has a floating high tone [́] as genitive marker in a noun-noun construction. It is observe that, a floating high tone aligns with the final vowel of the first noun (N1) to form a contour which later simplifies to a level high tone. It is observe the elision of V2 in V1#V2 environment in a genitive construction. The theoretical model employed in analyzing the data in this work is the Autosegmental Phonology because of its problem-solving efficiency in the areas of tone, vowel harmony, and nasality. Descriptive research methodology was adopted for this paper. In eliciting data, the researcher visit the community that speaks the speech form under focus. The study contributes to knowledge in the area of tone analysis in Esuku because no work exists in that area.
An Adlerian Reading of Masculine Protest in Donoghue’s Room
Authors: Mehrnaz Khoshgam  , Bojan Zokaei  , Fatemeh Kargar Bardaskan
Published: October 2023

The aim of the current paper is to unveil how masculine protest, courage and lifestyle for individuation process encouraged the characters to develop their personality through the novel and the way the characters resolve the personality problems in Donoghue’s Room which respectively are elaborated. The main focus of this study is on Adler Psychoanalysis. It's a dynamic challenge to know human behavior needs valuable insight. Thus, it's not surprising that the subject of personality and related human aspects has been explored by several theorists. Adler is among the authors who shared their perspectives on personality. Emma Donoghue uses Jack, a five years old boy, because the narrator within the novel Room. The novel also expounds the conflicts experienced by main character Ma. The novel elaborates when she leaves Room and meets new people, she progressively changes her personality. Ma begins to possess difficulty managing her emotions and is definitely enraged by others who treat her as if she is ill. She subsequently becomes despondent which causes her to become unpleasant, making her son the target of her wrath. Therefore, the novel explores Ma`s internal conflicts. Ma, the feminine protagonist, is at the middle of the story's internal conflict. The struggle between Ma and Ma's sense of oppression is that the female protagonist's internal conflict.
Cluster Mechanism for the Implementation of Industrial Changes in the Russian Economy: The Formation of a Database
Authors: Razvadovskaya Yuliya V. , Shevchenko Inna K.
Published: October 2023

Prospects for the development of the domestic economy are determined by the dynamics and pace of industrial changes in the sectors of the industrial sector, the scale and speed of transformation of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of key industrial resources. This presupposes the implementation of such industrial policy mechanisms that will contribute to solving the problems of accelerated build-up of one's own technological and production potential. The article considers the cluster format of cooperation as one of the mechanisms for implementing industrial changes at the present stage of economic development. An assessment of the current dynamics of cluster interaction between economic entities in domestic practice indicates that the highest level of cooperation, both in the development of product and process innovations, is characteristic of the extractive sector of industry, while in the manufacturing industry, the level of cooperation is higher, the lower the technological level of production in a branch. On the one hand, such trends determine the need for a substantive study of cluster cooperation in the domestic industry, and on the other hand, they update the formation of databases that characterize the most important aspects of the functioning of organizations implementing cluster initiatives. In this article, the authors propose an approach to assessing cluster cooperation of economic entities in the industrial sector, which provides an assessment of the effect of the inclusion of enterprises in the industrial sector of the economy into a cluster association, as well as taking into account such a parameter of cluster interaction as connectedness. The authors formulate a conclusion about the presence of a high degree of relationship between the goals of industrial development and the type of cluster cooperation of enterprises in the industrial sector of the economy.
The Human Economic Model in the Context of a Systematic Approach to the Study of Economics
Authors: Biryukov Vitaly V.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify the conceptual features of human economic models that determine the uniqueness of the construction of alternative approaches, as well as the possibility of transition to a more realistic model. The methodology of the research is determined by the fact that the economy as a complex system has a special type of properties of elements and their relationships associated with its intersubjective and dualistic nature. The article shows that modern approaches that generate fragmented theoretical descriptions have developed on the basis of reliance on different versions of the standard (basic) model of behavior of economic entities that arose during the marginalist revolution. In this model, economic motives are interpreted (explicitly or implicitly) based on utilitarian ethics, which creates the need to consider the behavior and interaction of subjects in the context of the exogenous influence of non-economic factors. The construction of unorthodox theories is based on the socio-cultural model of man proposed by the historical school, and provides for the study of three levels of economic reality. At the deep level, based on the consideration of value-normative representations and interactions of actors, the specifics of the formation of the institutional system of the economy are substantiated; at the middle level, with the help of institutional and instrumental analysis, the behavior of different groups of its subjects is described, taking into account their positions; based on this, the processes occurring at the surface level are explained. Mainstream theories, relying on the institutional model of a person, use institutional and instrumental analysis to describe the average and superficial levels of reality, which is accompanied by borrowing the ideas of the classical and German schools, as well as unorthodox institutionalism. The paper proposes to abandon simplified interpretations of the classical theory and, in line with its ideas, move from the standard model to the economic and cultural model of a person, taking into account the dualism of his economic motives. This perspective focuses on the creation of a system paradigm adequate to the modern economy for studying the endogenous processes of its transformation and the formation of mechanisms for the successful sovereign development of the national economy.
Strategic Dilemmas of Western Corporations in Russia
Authors: Gurkov Igor B. , Filinov Nikolay B. , Saidov Zokirzhon B.
Published: October 2023

This article presents the problems of designing the strategies of western companies that continue to own Russian assets, and identifies the main dilemmas of the strategic choice facing these companies: 1) to leave Russia or stay in Russia; 2) to leave as quickly as possible or profitable as possible; 4) if a decision is made to expand the business, then – ​do it with reduction of the share of innovation expenses in the gross profit (revenues) of the Russian division or with an increase of the share of innovation expenses in the gross profit (revenue). The article presents the difficulties of choosing between these options. The main difficulties related to the fact that criteria of decisions are in different domains (political and economic ones) and standard quantitative methods of analysis in many cases turn out to be unacceptable, since there is no single metric for comparing the consequences of decisions. In addition, the interests of decision-making actors are extremely heterogeneous, and the speed of the situation’s change exceeds the speed of decision-making procedures usual for international corporations. The article presents the main types of behavioral models of companies in high uncertainty, multidirectional pressure from various actors of the strategic process and the rapidly changing environment. The trends in the analysis of the behavior of companies under uncertainty that were developed in the literature are mainly associated with economic discourses. Situations of massive sanctions by western countries against Russia introduced political factors into the field of management studies. At the same time, the behavioral aspects of decision-making remain out of sight of most authors. We propose to use Kahneman's and Tversky's «prospect theory» approaches to analyze the situation, which helps to find an explanation for the observed phenomena and put forward hypotheses regarding the future behavior of western companies that are going to continue Russian assets.
Environmental Regulation and High-quality Economic Development in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration
Authors: Liu Renming
Published: October 2023

China's economy has been under tremendous pressure due to the decoupling from the United States, leading to a prolonged economic downturn. In response, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee has introduced the concept of “internal circulation”, aiming to stimulate domestic demand and provide new momentum for economic growth. This study examines the relationship between high-quality economic development and environmental regulations by analyzing panel data from 33 cities over an 18-year period. The paper constructs comprehensive indexes for measuring high-quality economic growth and environmental regulation using the entropy method, followed by the variance inflation factor test to detect multicollinearity. The implications of this study are significant for policymakers who strive to achieve high-quality economic development with environmental sustainability. The results indicate that environmental regulation can act as a new driver of high-quality economic growth, emphasizing the need to continue strengthening environmental regulation. Therefore, we recommend that the policymakers should prioritize environmental protection in policy-making, striving to achieve a balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability.
THE PROMISING ROLE OF iNOS INHIBITORS IN ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
Authors: MARIWAN AHMED Shkar , TUGCU Gulcin , KOKSAL AKKOC Meric
Published: October 2023

Objective: This study aims to explore the role of iNOS inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide. The main symptoms of AD include memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. While the exact cause remains uncertain, both genetic and environmental factors are believed to contribute. Recent research has emphasized the significance of nitric oxide (NO) in AD development. Specifically, the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in AD patients leads to excessive NO production during neuronal inflammation, exacerbating AD and dementia. Therefore, the investigation focuses on the potential of iNOS inhibitors as a novel therapeutic approach for AD treatment.
Result and Discussion: In this review, we present the current therapeutic strategies available for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and explore the promising potential of iNOS inhibitors in AD treatment. Specifically, we will focus on their capacity to mitigate NO production and examine their potential neuroprotective effects. Additionally, this review will offer an overview of both natural and synthetic iNOS inhibitors, emphasizing the importance of safety considerations during the development of iNOS inhibitors as therapeutic interventions for AD.
PENGARUH PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBASIS HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILL (HOTS) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS
Authors: Fitri Anisa , Sari Astrid Chandra , Rosita Jamiati
Published: October 2023

This research is a descriptive quantitative research that aims to find out how the influence of the Problem Based Learning learning model on the critical thinking mathematics ability of students on social arithmetic material. The research was carried out at SMP Negeri 2 Balen, with the selection of class VII D as an experimental class with a total of 32 students and VII F as a control class with a total of 33 students. The method used is experimental research. Data collection techniques in this study were through observation, documentation and test techniques. Data analysis in this study used descriptive analysis and inference which included normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis test (independent sample t-test) using the SPSS statistical application program version 26 with a significant level of 5%. The calculation of the independent sample t-test obtained a signification value (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05 and the calculation of the gain score obtained a value of 0.7081. The results of this study show that the Problem Based Learning learning model has a significant influence on the critical thinking ability of students with the category of improvement being high.
ELEKTRONIK LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK (E-LKPD) BERBASIS DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS
Authors: Caesavitri Adelia , Marsitin Retno , Yuwono Timbul
Published: October 2023

Discovery learning is a learning model that is useful for developing students' mathematical reasoning skills. This research aims to develop E-LKPD based on discovery learning that are valid, practical, and effective. This research uses the ADDIE approach (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Product testing carried out included limited field trials to 10 students and extensive field trials to 24 students of SMP Negeri 1 Gondanglegi, Malang Regency. Data collection techniques utilize expert validation sheets, E-LKPD practicality questionnaires, and mathematical reasoning test sheets. The product validity tests conducted by experts (material, learning, and media experts) are declared valid with a score of 3.44. The product practicality test's results based on student responses obtained a score of 3.42 so it’s declared practical. The product effectiveness test's results obtained a completeness percentage of 70.8% and declared effective in learning activities. Students' reasoning ability is said to improve based on their test results. This study concludes that the E-LKPD based on Discovery Learning is valid, practical, and effective and can improve the students’ mathematical reasoning ability. It’s hoped that the E-LKPD developed used as mathematics teaching materials.
Review of three southwestern Indian Ocean species of Rhinobatos (Rhinopristiformes: Rhinobatidae)
Authors: Aitchison RM , Ebert DA , Séret B , Weigmann S
Published: October 2023

The shark-like rays (Rhinopristiformes) are among the most threatened species of cartilaginous fishes. The guitarfishes (Rhinobatidae) are one of 5 families in the order, with 62% of species assessed as Vulnerable or higher by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Species-specific fisheries and conservation efforts have been limited, however, due to unresolved taxonomic issues and poor species descriptions. Presently, there are 3 described species of Rhinobatos from the southwestern Indian Ocean (SWIO): R. austini, R. holcorhynchus, and R. nudidorsalis. These 3 species have been mistaken for one another and are assessed as Data Deficient by the IUCN. Since the descriptions of R. austini and R. nudidorsalis, additional specimens have become available and a rediagnosis of these 3 species is required to clarify their taxonomic status. In the present study, morphometrics from 4 additional congener Indian Ocean species of Rhinobatos assessed by the IUCN were analyzed and serve as comparative material. In addition to a traditional morphological analysis, morphometrics from all 7 species were analyzed using a principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Results show distinct clusters for the SWIO Rhinobatos and indicate the nasal region is effective in differentiating species. R. austini, R. holcorhynchus, and R. nudidorsalis are confirmed as distinct species and are rediagnosed based on new material. These rediagnoses provide taxonomic clarity for SWIO Rhinobatos and will aid in species-specific identification, leading to improvements in conservation and fisheries monitoring and management.
Analisis Kejadian Kanker Payudara dan Hambatan dalam Upaya Penanggulangannya
Authors: Elfemi Nilda , Media Yullfira
Published: October 2023

Kabupaten Solok merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang termasuktinggi jumlah kasus kanker payudara. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menggambarkan faktoryang terkait dengan kejadian kanker payudara dan permasalahan/hambatan dalam upayapenanggulangan kanker payudara di Kabupaten Solok, Sumatera Barat. Metode penelitianmenggunakan metode gabungan deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data primerdilakukan melalui wawancara langsung dengan penderita kanker payudara dengan menggunakankuesioner dan wawancara mendalam (indepth interview) dengan beberapa informan dari DinasKesehatan dan Puskesmas. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa ada faktor perilaku dankebiasaan penderita sebelum adanya gejala penyakit diagnosis kanker yang terkait dengankejadian kanker payudara, diantaranya tentang pola dan kebiasaan makan. Sebagian besarresponden mempunyai kebiasaan mengkonsumsi makanan yang mengandung bumbu penyedap(95%) dan mengkonsumsi mie instan/makanan instan lainnya (60%). Sebagian besar responden(60%) mempunyai kebiasaan mengkonsumsi makanan berlemak/kolesterol dan sebagian besar(90%) jarang mengkonsumsi buah/sayur. Selanjutnya sebagian besar (73%) penderita kankerpayudara mempunyai riwayat menggunakan alat kontrasepsi dan sebanyak 30% penderitamemiliki riwayat kanker dari keluarga. Permasalahan/hambatan dalam upaya penanggulangankanker payudara diantaranya adalah masih kurangnya kesadaran dan pengetahuan masyarakattentang kanker payudara dan adanya perilaku, kebiasaan dan kepercayaan masyarakat yangkurang mendukung pola hidup sehat serta hambatan terhadap akses pelayanan kesehatan. DinasKesehatan Kabupaten Solok harus secara secara rutin dan terintegrasi untuk mengoptimalkanpenyuluhan tentang pencegahan dan penanggulangan penyakit kanker payudara. Perlu adanyakebijakan dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Solok untuk pemenuhan ketersediaan tenagakesehatan, kualitas layanan kesehatan, pemerataan serta keterjangkauan pelayanan kesehatan.Perlu peningkatan promosi kesehatan tentang pemeriksaan payudara sendiri secara lebih efektifmelalui pemanfaatan media yang lebih menarik. Pihak Puskesmas harus berupaya secara rutinmeningkatkan kesadaran dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan dan pengobatankanker payudara.Kata kunci: kanker payudara, perilaku, hambatan