bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diesel-Biodiesel Blend on Engine Performance: An Experimental Study
Authors: Arifin Agus Choirul , Aminudin Achmad , Putra Roby Mahendra
Published: November 2019

This article discusses engine performance using diesel oil and biodiesel obtained from the reaction of vegetable oils with alcohol through the process of alcoholysis. Tests carried out on variations of diesel oil 100% (B0), 10% biodiesel (B10), 20% biodiesel (B20) and 30% biodiesel (B30). Engine performance testing is carried out at 1500 rpm to 4000 rpm at intervals of 500 rpm. The highest torque is obtained at 2000 rpm using B0, B10 and B20 of 310.3 Nm, 306 Nm and 308.1 Nm, respectively. The highest power is obtained at 3000 rpm using B0, B10 and B20 of 114.7 hp, 115.1 hp and 114.9 hp, respectively. The average fuel consumption with B0, B10 and B20 is 1.42 ml/s, 1.54 m/s, and 1.74 ml/s, respectively. B30 fuel cannot be tested on a vehicle due to detonation so that combustion does not occur completely and B30 fuel properties are incompatible with the vehicle being tested.
Łowiectwo a obowiązek państwa dbałości o środowisko
Authors: Daniłowicz Witold
Published: November 2019

Polish Constitution charges the State with the duty to protect environment. Realizing its obligation the State should, inter alia, regulate huntingin a rational manner. Currently it is the Minister of Environmental Protection who is in charge of that area of activity. The Minister, however, lacksexecutive organs which could enable him to perform that function. Thereforethis role is currently being performed by the Polish Hunting Association andthe State Forests. The Minister should oversee their activities in that regardbut its powers are very limited, particularly with respect to the Polish Hunting Association. The article puts forward the idea of creating national hunting administration.
Współdziałanie organizacji społecznych z właściwymi instytucjami państwowymi i samorządowymi w ujawnianiu oraz ściganiu przestępstw i wykroczeń określonych w ustawie o ochronie zwierząt
Authors: Kruk Emil
Published: November 2019

In the process of humanitarian protection of animals welfare organizations play an extremely significant role. It is somewhat reflected in the regulations of the law of the 21st day of August 1997 on animal protection (i.e. Dz.U. /Official Journal/ 2019, item. 122), where the legislator obligates the Veterinary Inspection and other competent authorities of government administration and local government to cooperate in the subject scope with welfare organizations, whose statutory purpose is animal protection. Unfortunately, the normative value of these regulations is insignificant, just like the scale of their practical application. The best example of that is the title possibility of cooperation in the field of revealing and prosecuting crimes and offences. That leads to the situation when welfare organizations themselves frequently postulate removing from the law on animal protection of the regulations they are the addressees of, and which, in their assessment, due to their general character and anachronism, lead exclusively to blurring of the responsibility for the fate of animals. Meanwhile, it must be taken into consideration that the level of co-operation between the society and state institutions is the measure of democracy in a given society and a feature characterizing civil society.
Polityczne i prawne aspekty prowadzenia badań naukowych w rejonach polarnych
Authors: Świątecki Aleksander , Górniak Dorota , Zdanowski Marek , Grzesiak Jakub , Mieczan Tomasz
Published: November 2019

The Arctic and Antarctic have been of great interest to the international community for a number of years. The still unresolved problem regardingpolar regions is the still partially regulated legal issues concerning the management of these areas. Both the Arctic and Antarctica are areas of potentiallygreat scientific, economic, political and military importance. The political and legal status of polar areas is not uniform. Currently, there is no legalinternational document that would regulate issues related to the management of the Arctic region. The political and legal status of Antarctica wasdetermined in 1959 in Washington. The Antarctic Treaty regulates in detail the activities in this region. Territorial claims are a particularly importantproblem. A number of countries prove their territorial rights to both the Arctic and Antarctic. The Arctic division is discussed within five countries,without the participation of the international community, while the Antarctic Treaty arrangements have put these issues on ice until 2049. Internationalcooperation in the field of research of polar regions has a long history and is confirmed by bilateral and international agreements. Conducted researchin the Arctic and Antarctic relate to various scientific problems. Investigations of processes taking place on Earth on a global scale are of particularimportance, both in historical and prognostic perspective. The history of Polish polar research is rich, multi-faceted and dates back to the second half ofthe nineteenth century. Contemporary Polish polar research focuses on a number of problems: glaciology and periglacial phenomena, climatology,geomorphology, hydrology, and geo-ecosystems dynamics. Polish scientific activity, in these regions, significantly develops our positive relations withthe international community.
The Integration and Strengthening of Vulnerable Segments of Society in Disaster Risk Reduction Initiatives (Evidence from Developing World)
Authors: Zeeshan Afsheen , Hussain Shahzad , Khan Muhammad Bashir
Published: November 2019

Disasters have the capacity to increase the weaknesses and vulnerabilities of marginalized groups of society. It is the need of the hour to include these segments to make the process of disaster risk reduction successful. This research article presents comprehensive information regarding global agenda and efforts made by developing countries for the empowerment & resilience of weak people during natural and man-made disasters. This article provides information on vulnerable groups are exploited for reaping benefits of DRR policies. Case studies are studied from developing world like, Indonesia, Cambodia, Philippines, Nepal, India & Myanmar to highlight the initiative taken to empower these segments. This evidence has been used in recommending more productive actions for inclusion of vulnerable people in DRR mechanisms in developing countries.
Unmasking the Alternative Micro Feminist Narratives in Anna Karenina: A Postmodernist-Deconstructive Perspective
Authors: Jajja Muhammad Ayub
Published: November 2019

The present study means to investigate Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy in the light of eclectic theoretical framework consisting of Feminism, Postmodernism, and Deconstruction. The overt dominant patriarchal metanarrative is to be shown as problematized by the existence of the alternative micro feminist narrative stands. These alternative strands challenge and subvert the absolutist patriarchal narrative. The transcendental position of patriarchy as an absolute stands deconstructed by the play of alternative micro-narrative strands of feminist resistance. The study also means to show that subjectivities of major characters are self-differentiated, fractured and fragmented. This also implies that patriarchal metanarrative and alternative feminist narrative strands continually displace each other, instead of going for mutual synthesis. Seen through the lens of chosen theoretical framework, Anna Karenina becomes a site of pluralism and multiplicity, a story of resistance to the transcendental patriarchal presence.
Investigating the Impact of Field Trips on Secondary School Students’ Attitude to Learning of Sciences
Authors: Ali Muhammad Shabbir , Akhtar Nasrin , Arshad Muhammad
Published: November 2019

The main objective of the paper was to determine the impact of the study tour on students’ attitudes at secondary level. It was experimental research study. The population for this research was comprised of 130 science students of 10th class chosen randomly from private institute of Okara district located in division Sahiwal of Punjab province. Attitude to Science Questionnaire (ASQ) containing content from physics was used as research instrument. The validity of research instrument for this study was improved though experts’ recommendations and the reliability were found to be 0.81. It was very clear from the findings that experimental group had positive attitude towards science as compared to other groups. It was also found that field trips promote science attitude and develop positive interest of the students in science. The school administration may manage field trips for the promotion of scientific attitude in the students.
Analysis of Civil-Military Relations in Pakistan: Evidence from Leading English Newspapers
Authors: Zulfiqar Amna , Yousaf Zahid
Published: November 2019

Civil-military relations in Pakistan are always in search of common ground. Historically, military forces and civilian leadership in Pakistan struggle to find the right balance and the civilian leadership has hardly commanded the gun. This study is intended to analyze that how the two selected daily English newspapers of Pakistan, i.e. Dawn and The News covered the major developments in civil-military relations, particularly during the regime of Chief of Army Staff (COAS) General Raheel Sharif, followed by the most sensitive event i.e., Zarb-e-Azb. The study employed the method of discourse analysis and has used the theoretical notion of agenda-setting and framing. The results of the study revealed that the slant, style, themes, and discourses used in the news stories of both the newspapers almost remained the same, appreciating the military institutions positively. Whereas condemning the civilian leadership for their lack of concern towards implementing the already approved Nation Action Plan.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN MOBIL TOYOTA PADA PT. PUTRA PERKASA FLAMBOYAN
Authors: Samvara Made adhiguna
Published: November 2019

Perkembangan kebutuhan masyarakat akan transportasi kendaraan bermotor khususnya jenis roda empat sekarang ini tidak dapat terhindarkan lagi. Perubahan tren akan kebutuhan mobil tidak hanya terjadi secara global tetapi di alami oleh perusahaan otomotif di Indonesia. Perkembangan akan kebutuhan mobil ini juga dapat dirasakan sangat jelas pada masyarakat kota Medan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh komunikasi pemasaran dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap keputusan pembelian mobil Toyota dan faktor yang memiliki pengaruh dominan terhadap keputusan pembelian mobil Toyota pada PT. Perintis Perkasa Flamboyan. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah komunikasi pemasaran dan kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian mobil Toyota pada PT. Perintis Perkasa Flamboyan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komunikasi pemasaran dan kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian mobil Toyota pada PT. Perintis Perkasa Flamboyan dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 68,5 %. Komunikasi pemasaran merupakan faktor penentu yang paling dominan yang dapat meningkatkan keputusan pembelian mobil Toyota pada PT. Perintis Perkasa Flamboyan.
THE EFFECT OF PERCEIVED USEFULNESS AND PERCEIVED EASE OF USE ON PURCHASE INTENTION THROUGH BRAND IMAGE AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE IN YOGYAKARTA UST SHOPEE USERS
Authors: Damayanti Violita
Published: November 2019

Tujuan penelitian yang ingin dicapai adalah untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan pengaruh persepsi manfaat dan persepsi kemudahan penggunaan terhadap niat pembelian melalui citra merek sebagai variabel intervening di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa shopee UST Yogyakarta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode kuesioner. Data Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik regresi yang didukung oleh uji t, uji asumsi klasik, dan uji sobel. Hasil analisis data dengan signifikansi 0,05 menunjukkan Persepsi Kegunaan tidak memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Citra Merek, Persepsi Kemudahan Penggunaan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Citra Merek, Citra Merek memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Intensi Pembelian. , Khasiat yang Dipersepsikan tidak memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Niat Pembelian, Kemudahan Penggunaan yang Dipersepsikan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Niat Pembelian.
PENGARUH PROMOSI DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN DI PT.TELKOM KENDATEL CIAMIS
Authors: Nurhayati Nunung , Nurpratama Meddy
Published: November 2019

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriftif dan asosiatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari, mengolah, dan menyajikan informasi dan data untuk memperoleh kejelasan mengenai pengaruh promosi jabatan dan kompensasi terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan pada PT Telkom Kandatel Ciamis.

Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang, anggota populasi oleh penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan sebanyak 30 orang, sehingga teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh atau sensus dimana semua anggota populasi dijadikan sampel.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Promosi (X1) dan kompensasi (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja (Y) sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain seperti kepemimpinan, lingkungan kerja, rekan kerja yang tidak diukur dalam penelitian ini. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang sedang sesuai dengan pedoman interpretasi koefisien korelasi.
PRODUKTIVITAS SUBSEKTOR INDUSTRI MAKANAN, MINUMAN DAN TEMBAKAU PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Juswadi Juri
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas subsektor makanan, minuman, dan tembakau Provinsi Jawa Barat menggunakan analisis Total Factor Productivity (TFP).  Produktivitas subsektor tersebut berperan penting dalam peningkatan pertumbuhan ekeonomi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Nilai TFP rata-rata  subsektor makanan,  minuman, dan tembakau Provinsi Jawa Barat selama periode 2002-2013 adalah 2,751, yang menunjukkan produktivitas dan efisiensi yang tinggi dari industri tersebut.  Tetapi selama periode tersebut terjadi fluktuasi yang sangat besar yang diduga terutama disebabkan oleh fluktuasi pertumbuhan tenaga kerja pada tahun 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, dan 2009.
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PELESTARIAN HUTAN MANGROVE DENGAN PENDEKATAN NEP (NEW ENVIRONMENTAL PARADIGM) (Studi Kasus Kelurahan Kota uneng dan Desa Talibura Kabupaten Sikka)
Authors: Apelabi Gabriel Otan
Published: November 2019

Generally vast of mangrove forest decrease because of deforestations and converted into cultivation area. Mangrove forest damage also caused coastal erosion and seawater intrusion, which makes the people suffer losses. Since 2000, the coastal area in Kota Uneng Village tend to face extra land area which followed by the growth of mangrove forest vegetation. The people of Kota Uneng Village and Talibura Village has also aware of the important role of the mangrove forest in their area, so the activity of mangrove deforestation gradually reduced. Program Mitra Bahari (PMB) is the cooperation program between Maritime and Fisheries Affairs and College in empowering fisheries society. PMB, which found on 2007, encourages people to conserve mangrove ecosystem in Kota Uneng and Talibura. The participation of people in managing mangrove conservation area will make a positive impact on the increasing of environmental conservation, people’s awareness and social economic life, without damaging the environment. Research was held in Kota Uneng Village and Talibura Village, Sikka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Research method was explorative by using quantity method. Data collected by direct observation and interview. Sample used in the research was the people of Kota Uneng Village and Talibura Village, in The Mount of 60 respondent. Data was analyzed using independent sample T-test and Kruskal Wallis test. The obtained result of independent sample T-test: based on sex, there is no differentiation for balance of nature factor, man over nature factor and limit to growth factor on male and female. Based on marriage status, there is no differentiation for balance of nature factor, man over nature factor and limit to growth factor on marriage status. Based on location, there is the differentiation for the balance of nature factor based on the town and country location. There is no differentiation for man over nature factor and limit to growth factor based on the town and country location. Result of the Kruskal Wallis Test: Based on the education, there is no differentiation for the balance of nature factor and man over nature factor based on the level of education. Based on age, there is no differentiation for the balance of nature factor, man over nature factor, and limit to growth factor based on the age. Based on the income, there is no differentiation for the balance of nature factor, man over nature factor, and limit to growth factor based on the income. Based on the job, there is no differentiation for the balance of nature factor, man over nature factor, and limit to growth factor based on the job.
Digitalisierung und Berufsbildung 4.0 – Ergebnisse aus einem Berufescreening
Authors: Zinke Gert
Published: November 2019

Gegenwärtig wird ein breiter Diskurs unter dem Stichwort Industrie 4.0 geführt und die daraus resultierenden Konsequenzen für Konzepte und Curricula in der beruflichen Bildung. Für das Berufsfeld Ernährung und Hauswirtschaft sind entsprechende Überlegungen anzustellen, wie den mit der Digitalisierung verbundenen Veränderungen und den sich daraus ergebenden Chancen sowie Herausforderungen adäquat begegnet werden kann.
前控中促后补施肥技术对玉米长势及产量影响
Authors: 杨 殿鑫
Published: November 2019

常规施肥方式容易造成前期旺长、后期植株脱肥的情况,本试验对氮、钾肥采取“前控、中促、后补”施肥技术,在施肥总量相同的情况下,通过拔节期追施氮、钾肥及大喇叭口期叶面追肥,为玉米穗、粒期持续提供所需养分,从而达到增产的目的,筛选出适宜的施肥方法为深施普通尿素30%+缓释尿素30%、深施70%硫酸钾+拔节期追施30%硫酸钾、拔节期+大喇叭口期叶面追肥磷酸二氢钾1.5公斤/公顷。
吉水县畜禽废弃物资源化综合利用情况现状分析与建议
Authors: 刘 爱萍 , 周 琴 , 李 美珠 , 高 仟仟
Published: November 2019

近年来我国畜牧业发展快速,禽畜养殖引起的环境污染问题也愈发的严重,畜禽废弃物的综合利用逐渐被提倡,被要求。基于此,本文第一部分就讨论了推进畜禽养殖废弃物处理和资源化利用的意义；第二部分分析吉水县废弃物资源化利用现状并且对存在问题进行了剖析；最后为吉水县废弃物资源化综合利用发展提出建议。
基于生态园林城市的绿地系统规划探讨
Authors: 鱼 飞
Published: November 2019

生态园林城市是我国在现阶段依据城市发展情况提出的一个城市建设发展目标,它是自然、经济、社会的一个复合生态系统,其目标包含了自然、经济、社会等方面的内容,是一项综合性的城市生态规划建设目标。而城市绿地系统是城市生态系统的一个重要组成部分,在城市生态环境的改善和城市园林景观的营造方面起着至关重要的作用。
简析玉米种植技术及推广应用
Authors: 努尔哈森 阿加尔
Published: November 2019

玉米原产于中南美洲,是全球广泛种植的经济作物。玉米种植在我国已经拥有悠久历史,是我国重要的农业作物。玉米产量与玉米的选育方法及种植技术有着很大联系。本文就对玉米种植技术及推广应用策略进行探讨分析,以供参考。
新时期绿色农业种植技术推广策略探析
Authors: 周 春燕
Published: November 2019

中国是世界第一农业大国,可以说农业在我国社会经济发展当中发挥着极为重要的作用,是关乎人们生死存亡的大事。伴随着这些年人们对食品安全质量问题的高度重视,在我国农业生产当中绿色种植技术的广泛应用,农产品质量、农产品产量都获得了显著性地提高。可是在各方面因素的干扰下绿色农业种植技术并未得到大范围的推广应用。而本文主要围绕这一问题开展探析。
试析油茶林低产原因及改造技术措施
Authors: 詹 文勇 , 倪 金明 , 王 永友
Published: November 2019

油茶是一种特殊农作物,主要成长在我国南方地区。近些年,我国油茶林产量总体呈现下降趋势,这对油茶产业的发展带来了深远影响。基于此,本文以我国油茶林实际情况为依据,通过油茶林低产原因进行了分析,同时提出了几点有针对性、有目标性的技术措施。
“河湖长制”视角下高岚景区涉河开发与保护对策初探
Authors: 徐 克兵 , 方 祯 , 余 华
Published: November 2019

全面推行河湖长制是落实绿色发展理念、推进生态文明建设的内在要求,“一河一策”、“河道确权划界”等是解决复杂水问题、维护河湖健康生命的有效举措,高岚景区涉王家河、高岚河,全面掌握流域概况、开发现状及其水资源保护、水污染防治、水环境治理、水生态修复、水域岸线管理保护、执法监管等,制定其治理保护与管控路线,加强开发与保护对策的研究,为全面推行落实河湖长制奠定坚实基础。
全球生态环境变化N、P对小麦的影响研究论述
Authors: 李 坚益 , 张 雅妮
Published: November 2019

生态因子对生态环境变化的响应有其独特性及响应机制。本文以氮(Nitrogen,N)、磷(Phosphorus,P)对小麦生长发育的影响为依托,讲述生态因子对生态环境的影响。在众多因子中,营养元素对环境的影响是十分巨大的。而其中：N、P元素的变化对其的影响尤为显著。如果能及时的掌握这一重要因素,将N、P的变化过程详细记录,对小麦生态系统的研究及生态环境脆弱性的研究中具特殊的意义。同时阐述清楚不同N、P水平对小麦生长的影响、土壤中P—微生物—植物之间作用的机制、植物营养水平对地上害虫发生的作用及土壤微生物对小麦营养吸收的影响机制,响应过程及特点,说明生态环境中：N、P的影响不仅作用在小麦生长发育过程中有着重要作用,也是展开全球生态变化研究的一个切入点。
物联网在环境检测和保护中的应用
Authors: 李 卫军
Published: November 2019

互联网技术产生之后,物联网也应运而生。在环境监测和保护中,物联网可以实时对环境发生的变化进行监控,可以帮助环境监测和保护工作者便捷地收集数据分析数据,在应对环境特殊变化时可以迅速做出合理有效的改善和保护措施,辅助环境监测和保护工作者展开工作,促进生态环境的可持续发展。本文以环境监测和保护为主要研究对象,研究物联网技术在环境监测和保护工作中的应用,首先对物联网技术进行简要介绍,主要分析物联网技术在环境监测和保护应用过程中存在的问题,并且针对这些问题提出相应的解决措施。
浅论生态海绵城市规划及其园林景观应用
Authors: 马 玉兰
Published: November 2019

生态海绵城市规划对于城市建设健康发展非常重要,并且在生态海绵城市规划过程中需要结合自身实际,做到因地制宜,从而保障生态海绵城市规划的有效性。基于此,本文阐述了生态海绵城市规划的主要特征,对生态海绵城市规划要点及其园林景观的应用进行了探讨分析。
森林资源管理与林业造林方法实践分析
Authors: 高 明娟
Published: November 2019

我国的林业资源匮乏,随着社会经济建设的高速发展,目前的林业资源无法满足发展的需求,矛盾日趋突出。如何维护林业资源科学有序的发展,从而保持生态系统的完善,是我们面临的主要问题。本文就是对森林资源管理和林业造林两个方面进行分析。
湿陷性黄土地区基坑滑塌边坡治理措施
Authors: 黄 昕
Published: November 2019

我国疆域广阔,地质条件复杂,西北地区湿陷性黄土分布广泛。湿陷性黄土作为一类具有特殊性质的土,易受到外界因素的影响,例如外力荷载、降雨等因素,会发生结构、强度等方面的变化。所以,湿陷性黄土地区基坑边坡滑塌几率较大。为保证基坑边坡的牢固性,湿陷性黄土地区基坑滑塌边坡治理尤为重要。本文主要以湿陷性黄土地区基坑滑塌边坡治理为主题展开分析,以渭南地区某黄土基坑滑塌边坡为例,探讨了治理措施,旨在为相同地区类似工程滑塌边坡治理工作的实践提供一些具有参考价值的建议。
刍议环境监测在环境管理中的作用
Authors: 韩 洁 , 许 宁
Published: November 2019

环境管理是保护地球家园健康舒适的主要方式之一,环境监测又是提高环境管理效果的具体方法之一,故而正确认识环境监测作用,加强研究环境监测技术是完成我国绿色建设目标的重要工作手段。基于此,本文主要分析了环境监测的作用以及相关技术的具体应用。
ПРОБЛЕМИ ОЦІНКИ КРЕДИТНИХ РИЗИКІВ СТРУКТУРОВАНИХ ФІНАНСОВИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ
Authors: Pidvysotskyi Yan
Published: November 2019

Підходи до оцінки ризиків структурованих фінансових інструментів, а саме цінних паперів, забезпечених активами, у сучасній фінансовій інженерії є недостатньо систематизованими. Причинами цього можуть стати розмаїття ризиків, які банк бажає уникнути, передавши в управління іншим сторонам; неналежна увага до селекції позичальників; відсутність консолідації з питань формування єдиної методики оцінки типових ризиків.

Автор подає для аналізу три головні види ризиків, з якими стикається банк у процесі здійснення сек’юритизації: ризик дострокового повернення кредиту, ризик зміни процентної ставки та ризик дефолту контрагента. У основі оцінок лежать фактори часу та події, які за певних умов можуть критично впливати на грошові потоки фінансових установ.

Ризики дострокового повернення пов’язані з розрахунком усереднених значень часу до настання виплат за кредитами, однак уніфікована методика оцінки у банківській практиці наразі відсутня. Оцінка ступеню ризику супроводжується обрахунком процентного приросту до базової ціни з незмінною доходністю. Приріст відображає ризик зміни процентної ставки протягом певного часу.

Особливу увагу у статті автор приділив аналізу методів оцінки дефолту контрагента структурованого інструменту. Встановлено, що методика Е. Альтмана за різних умов економічного середовища може давати суперечливі результати. Тому в останні роки оптимальними моделями оцінки ризику дефолту можна вважати моделі нечітко-нейронних мереж. Взята за основу методика О.А. Недосєкіна показує ступінь ризику банкрутства позичальника, спираючись на методи експертних оцінок. З одного боку, модель нечітко-нейронних мереж може давати наближені до істини результати, з іншого – на точність результату може впливати асиметрія інформації, на основі якої будує оцінку певний експерт. В такому ключі ця модель потребує подальших вдосконалень, які пропонують сучасні японські вчені на основі критерію Мамдані.   

Таким чином, проблематика оцінки кредитних ризиків структурованих інструментів залишається актуальною у сучасних наукових колах та потребує вироблення спільних ідей уніфікації методик, які пропонуються сучасною наукою.
РИЗИК-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТІЙКОГО ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В УМОВАХ НЕВИЗНАЧЕНОСТІ
Authors: Sosnovska Olga , Dedenko Liudmyla
Published: November 2019

У статті розглянуто поняття невизначеності середовища функціонування підприємства, досліджено сутність і природу загроз та ризиків, встановлено відмінність між ризиком та невизначеністю. Досліджено систему ризик-менеджменту на підприємстві. Встановлено, що система ризик-менеджменту є невід’ємною складовою частиною підсистеми менеджменту організації та являє собою систему управління ризиками на основі процесу їх ідентифікації, оцінки та аналізу, а також вибору і використання методів нейтралізації їх наслідків, що спрямована на досягнення необхідного балансу між стратегічними можливостями підприємства та рівнем ризику.Здійснено аналіз міжнародних стандартів ризик-менеджменту та розглянуті особливості національних стандартів. Визначено, що в Україні діє Державний стандарт ДСТУ ISO 31000:2018, який надає можливість суб’єкту господарювання порівняти  свою  практику  управління  ризиками  з  міжнародним  досвідом. Узагальнено основні фактори впливу ризиків на систему управління. Доведено, що сьогодення вимагає постійного моніторингу ризикоутворюючих факторів для створення ефективної та гнучкої системи господарювання підприємства в умовах ринкової кон’юнктури. Представлено та деталізовано етапи ризик-менеджменту: аналіз оточення, ідентифікація ризику, аналіз ризику, оптимізація ризиків. Розглянуто особливості управління ризиками та основні методи їх оптимізації на підприємстві для мінімізації їх впливу на результати діяльності підприємства. Встановлено, що ризик для кожного підприємства є індивідуальним, тому і використання того чи іншого методу оптимізації є також індивідуальним і визначається умовами зовнішнього та внутрішнього середовища.Світовий досвід найбільш часто використовує зовнішні методи (страхування, хеджування, диверсифікація, розподіл ризику) та внутрішні методи (самострахування, лімітування, забезпечення якості виготовленої продукції, бізнес-планування) зниження ризиків підприємства. Узагальнено, що від прийнятої концепції управління ризиками значною мірою залежить ефективність всього ризик-менеджменту та результативність діяльності економічних суб’єктів.
A Sacral and Mythical Landscape: The Crimea in the East European Context
Authors: Jobst Kerstin S.
Published: November 2019

The Crimean peninsula plays a decisive role as a mythical place both in literature(e.g. by Goethe, Pushkin, Mickiewicz) and in many (pre-)national contexts and narratives: in the early modern period, for instance, the Polish nobility had developed the idea of its Sarmatian ancestry, an ethnos which in antiquity settled in the Black Sea area and the peninsula. German-speaking intellectuals in the 19th century developed an “enthusiasm for the Crimean Goths”.They believed that they had discovered their ancestors in the Gothic Crimean inhabitants, who had been extinct since early modern times. But above all the National Socialists attempted to legitimize their political claims to the peninsula. The mythical and legendary narrations associated with the Crimea in Russian culture, however, were particularly effective: The alleged baptism of Grand Duke Vladimir in Chersones in 988, which is said to have brought Christianity to the Kievan Ruś, plays a central role here, as do the numerous writers who drew inspiration from the Crimea. These narratives were used also by Russian political agents to legitimize the annexation of the Crimea in 2014.
Narrative- and Space-Making in the City on the Example of Lublin
Authors: Hudzik Agnieszka
Published: November 2019

This paper discusses the literary, artistic, scientific, and educational narratives that are (re)created to facilitate the city’s recovery of memory in the wake of the Holocaust.This is the case with Lublin.The story of the complete destruction of its Jewish quarter in the Second World War is a tragically familiar one in Central Europe, even though it had been silenced and forgotten for decades during the communist period. I would like to analyze an essayistic project that searches for a new language about a place left empty. How could one fill the void by making it mean something to new people, becoming their own narrative, and preserving the presence of the city’s former inhabitants? How is it possible to create a new mythology of a place? I assume that such questions must have been the starting point for essays on Lublin byWładysław Panas (1947–2005), related to the commemoration in the context of urban space. My text comes in four parts. I begin with general information and historical background, as well as an introduction to the analysis of Panas’s essay Oko Cadyka (The Eye of the Tzaddik) − the main subject of my paper − which exemplifies the reflection on the creation of narrative and urban space in contemporary humanities. In the second part, I focus on and contextualize the relationship between text and city that the essay postulates. The third part deals with theoretical approaches to interpretation. The fourth part underlines the scientific and critical aspects of Panas’s text, which questions the language of science − the humanities, historiography, and theory in general. I end with a look at some artistic projects inspired by his images.
Biblioteka Henry’ego Jamesa: między katalogiem a kowadłem
Authors: Buchholtz Mirosława
Published: November 2019

This article looks back to the book The Library of Henry James published in 1987 by James’s most renowned and possessive biographer Leon Edel and the biographer’s friend, the independent scholar Adeline Tintner. While Edel outlines the history of James’s book collection in his house in Great Britain, Tintner offers examples of James’s use of the trope of library in his fiction. In between the two essays, the two authors included a catalog of James’s collection in Rye, indicating the location of all the items as of 1987. This article relies on the information provided in Edel and Tintner’s book, to which little has been added since, and offers a theoretical and historical approach to the topic of library in the context of Henry James’s biography and literary heritage. The article gives theoretical ramifications to the findings of Edel and Tintner by distinguishing between the three meanings of “library:” a physical space, a cataloged collection, and a literary trope. It also juxtaposes Edel’s biographical-historical essay and Tintner’s literary analysis with the autobiography of Henry James, in which the library emerges as a place partaking of several traditions: patriarchy, the process of initiation and maturation along with social and national self-fashioning.
Between Testimony and Irony: Points of View in “Chernobyl Prayer. A Chronicle of the Future” by Swietlana Alexievich
Authors: Horodecka Magdalena
Published: November 2019

The article is an analysis of Swietlana Alexievich’s book Chernobyl Prayer. A Chronicle of the Future and aims to examine its predominant narrative strategies. The author points to the role of monologues, mottos, irony, titles, and subtitles, which help to describe the process of showing the witness’ point of view and, simultaneously, Alexievich’s interpretation of the gathered data.
Ironia i nihilizm. Figura bibliotekarza w Posłuchaniu u Lucypera Józefa Sękowskiego
Authors: Ławski Jarosław
Published: November 2019

The subject matter of the present article is the image of library and librarian in a forgotten short story by a Polish-Russian writer Józef Julian Sękowski (1800−1858). Sękowski is known in Polish literature as a multi-talented orientalist and polyglot, who changed his national identity in 1832 and began to write only in Russian. In the history of Russian literature he is famous for Library for Reading and Fantastic Voyages of Baron Brambeus, an ironic-grotesque work, which was precursory in Russian prose. Until 1832 Sękowski was, however, a Polish writer. His last significant work was An Audience with Lucypher published in a Polish magazine Bałamut Petersburski (Petersburgian Philanderer) in 1832 and immediately translated into Russian by Sękowski himself under the title Bolszoj wychod u Satany (1833). The library and librarian presented by the author in this piece are a caricature illustration proving his nihilistic worldview. Sękowski is a master of irony and grotesquery, yet the world he creates is deprived of freedom and justice and a book in this world is merely a threat to absolute power.
„Wykształcony wbrew swej woli” – motyw biblioteki w „Zbyt głośnej samotności“ Bohumila Hrabala
Authors: Królak Joanna
Published: November 2019

The article deals with an reinterpretation of the motif of the library and librarian in the novel Too Loud a Solitude by Bohumil Hrabal. The library in this piece is not a repository of knowledge, but a collection of waste paper, just garbage pile for books. The protagonist, digging in this trash of culture, is trying to commit an act of artistic creation through the destruction of books. His reading strategies allow him to take on various figures − a Taoist scholar, Sisyphus, Faust, etc. A key reading for him, however, turns out to be Schopenhauer, from whom he learns that it is love and compassion which are the most important, and the state of absolute cognition is attained through an aesthetic attitude.
Contribuições da Rede Cariniana para a preservação digital nos repositórios digitais institucionais
Authors: Silva Mayane Paulino de Brito e , Moura Rafaela Karoline Galdencio de , Siebra Sandra de Albuquerque , Pinto Virgínia Bentes
Published: November 2019

Discute sobre as contribuições da Rede Cariniana no âmbito da preservação digital em Repositórios Digitais Institucionais. Utiliza como metodologia instrumentos necessários para o desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, exploratória e descritiva, com uma abordagem qualitativa. Faz uso de um estudo de caso no Repositório Digital Institucional da UFRN por meio de uma coleta de dados feita através da realização de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Aborda reflexões e conceitos relacionados à preservação digital, que é entendida como um conjunto de ações e técnicas responsáveis quanto à informação digital, permitindo que ela seja preservada e recuperada ao longo do tempo. Menciona a Rede Cariniana, que oferece diversas alternativas para que as entidades brasileiras possam colecionar, armazenar e promover o acesso ao conteúdo selecionado por meio de cópias autorizadas. Aponta que o processo de conexão entre a ciência eletrônica e a necessidade de preservação dos dados digitais estaria baseado nos Repositórios Digitais Institucionais. Apresenta como resultados a garantia da guarda como principal interesse na adoção de ferramentas dirigidas à preservação digital de documentos; a UFRN faz parte do estudo realizado pela Rede Cariniana, a qual abriga a tipologia científica, cujo crescimento documental chega a 3000 por ano e visa a congregar todo o material científico nos próximos 5 anos, levando em consideração os aspectos tecnológicos, humanos e a ação prática de uma política de preservação digital. Sob este viés, a pesquisa finaliza que o propósito de enriquecer e contribuir para as iniciativas e práticas sobre a preservação digital brasileira é bastante promovido pela Rede Cariniana, por meio de uma infraestrutura descentralizada.
The impact of macroeconomic factors on real estate prices
Authors: Radonjić Milena , Đurišić Vladimir , Rogić Sunčica , Đurović Andrija
Published: November 2019

The real estate market,
as one of the most volatile economic sectors, is a key research topic for many
authors. Regardless the significance of this topic, no previous research has
been conducted to evaluate the factors which influence the price of real estate
in Montenegro. Therefore, the objective of this study is to clarify whether the
trend in real estate prices in Montenegro can be explained by macroeconomic
fundamentals such as GDP, the inflation rate, interest rates on mortgages,
take-up of mortgages, the unemployment rate, the average net salary, the
current account deficit and constructing activity and to determine which of
them is the most important in explaining the price trend for this market. The
applied methodology is based on the model averaging technique, which has not
been used in previous research on this topic; it enables the research to focus
on the relevant results despite the short time series and the large number of
independent variables. The results obtained point to the fact that price trends
in real estate are best described by and most closely align to GDP. Apart from
GDP, net salary, the unemployment rate as well as the take-up of mortgages and
their interest rates are shown to be significant as variables, which determine
price trends within the real estate market.
Early design-stage biorefinery process selection
Authors: QUINTERO-BERMUDEZ MANUEL ANDRES , JANSSEN MATTY , COHEN JÉRÉMIE , STUART PAUL
Published: November 2019

A methodology for early design-stage evaluation of biorefinery processes that uses multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) panels was developed with the goal of screening out less promising options. Panel members were asked to rate the relative importance of a set of evaluation criteria for biorefinery process implementation at a pulp and paper mill. Three different panels were conducted, each with this same objective. This report compares and assesses the results from the panels. Two of the MCDM panels were comprised of biorefinery specialists of similar backgrounds from government and academia, and the third panel consisted of pulp and paper industry decision makers. In general, consensus was high between all three panels, and especially between the two biorefinery specialist panels; however, certain differences were noted with the industry panel. For three out of eight criteria, these differences were attributable to a difference in the perspective of the forest industry decision makers and biorefinery specialists. For example, for the return on investment criteria, the specialist panels gave a significantly higher importance to current information from technology suppliers because it provides an important short-term perspective. In contrast, the forest industry decision makers thought that information about a particular technology should be critiqued and adjusted based on a systematic assessment of likely future process performance. Differences between the other criteria were attributed to differing interpretations of the criteria.
Measuremets of sootblower jet strength in kraft recovery boilers - Part II: Results of the third and fourth field trials
Authors: TRAN HONGHI , POPHALI AMEYA , BUSSMANN MARKUS , MIIKKULAINEN PASI
Published: November 2019

Two additional field trial studies were conducted in different kraft recovery boilers in Sweden using force-measurement probes to determine the force of sootblower jets under various blowing conditions. The results confirm the findings of previous trials that, at a given distance, the force exerted on a target by a fully expanded sootblower jet increases nearly linearly with an increase in lance pressure. At a given lance pressure, the jet force decreases drastically as the distance between the sootblower nozzle and the target increases. At a distance farther than 1 m from the nozzle, the jet retains less than 10% of its original strength. The studies also show clearly that the size and shape of the target have a significant effect on the force exerted on it by the jet. A flat surface receives a greater force from the jet than a target with an inclined surface.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SIDOSERMO SURABAYA
Authors: Mutiarani Anugrah Linda
Published: November 2019

Objective to know the family support with Exclusive Breastfeeding in the working area of Sidosermo Public Health Service Surabaya. Materials and methods this study is analytic observational. Using cross sectional approach. Consist of 21 samples taken using purposive sampling method at Margorejo and Sidosermo Sub-district. The independent variable is family support, while  the dependent variable is exclusive breastfeeding. To know the relationship of family support and Exclusive breast feeding, Chi Square statistic test, with significance limit, p value <0,05. Results there was a significant relationship (p = 0.027) between family support and exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion there is a relationship between family support and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Margorejo and Sidosermo Sub-district.
Development of Attitude Assessment Instruments on Learning Text Report Observation Results for 7th Grade Students Smp Swasta Taman Harapan Medan
Authors: Wahyuni Dewi , F.Gafari M. Oky , Saragi Daulat
Published: November 2019

This study aims to describe the pattern of development, validity and feasibility and effectiveness of attitude assessment instruments on learning the text of observational reports for grade VII students SMP Swasta Taman Harapan Medan. Research instruments in the form of questionnaires and observation sheets. The assessment instrument developed in this study was an attitude assessment instrument in the form of a self-assessment test. The results of the field trials show that the results of the material expert's assessment of the instrument's worth were 89.17% and were valid qualifications. While the evaluation of expert evaluation results obtained a percentage of 88.57% and are in valid qualifications. Based on the results of trials that have been carried out, it can be stated that the attitude assessment instruments developed already have good validity so that they are suitable for use in learning assessment activities. In the field trial phase the researchers tested the level of students' understanding ability to see the level of effectiveness of the assessment instrument for attitude assessment. Based on the analysis results obtained an average ability of students' attitudes/affective that is 76.46% with a good category. The results obtained in this study indicate that self-assessment instruments can measure the ability of student attitudes and provide instructions that in learning Indonesian by using self-assessment instruments are more appropriate to be applied in learning so that teachers can further evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of learning received by students.
Legal Protection of Tobacco Farmers in Indonesia
Authors: Wibawanto Agus Dono
Published: November 2019

Tobacco and processed tobacco products is not only being an important part in the culture of the Indonesian nation. But they are also natural biological resources which have contributed greatly to the prosperity and welfare of the Indonesian people. Basically entrepreneurs or farmers of the Tobacco Industry as a very strategic trading eye have a very big role on the country's economy and the household economy of the Indonesian people specifically tobacco farmers. The cigarette and tobacco industry is one of the national industries that is still quite strong to date, in addition to material contributions in the form of state revenue from excise and employment, this tobacco-based industry is recognized as being part of the Indonesian community. This industry involves directly or indirectly. Nicotine in cigarettes is a group of legal addictive substances such as cigarettes, cigars, nicotine pieces which are stimulants, which increase dopamine and adrenaline. The main research question in this research is how is legal protection for tobacco farmers in the perspective of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health? The research method used is normative legal research, using analysis of various legal materials. By using normative legal research methods because to produce new arguments, theories or concepts as a prescription in solving the problems faced, namely Legal Protection against Tobacco Farmers. The conclusions of this study are efforts to protect against the dangers of smoking, among others, by raising the price of cigarettes, prohibiting the sale of cigarettes to children less than 18 years and prohibiting the sale of cigarette bars and not ratifying the Framework Convention on Tobaco Control (FCTC).
Education Expenditure in Aceh Local Governments An Empirical Evidence from Aceh
Authors: Afridzal Aulia , Abdullah Syukriy , Hasnawati Hasnawati , Fazella Dara
Published: November 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of Local Financial Independence, Last Year Budget Balance, LGs Size, and Local Revenue Growth on Education Expenditure by using data from districts and cities in Aceh for 2011-2015. The results of the study show that the Local Financial Independence and the Previous Budget Fund have a negative effect on the Education Expenditure, while the other two variables have no effect.
The Role of Marketing and Individual Environment Association in Elevating the Customer Value
Authors: Kusumadewi Rahayu
Published: November 2019

This research aimed at descriptively reviewing marketing and individual environment association upon the customer value as well as verifying the influence of the association upon the customer value, both in partial and simultaneous measurements. A descriptive verification method was applied to the research. Furthermore, the population of the research consisted of students who had been officially registered at Faculty of Teacher Training and Education conducted by Private Universities in West Java Province. A proportional cluster random technique was used to select the sample. In terms of data sources, there were two types: primary and secondary data. To analyze the data, an analysis of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was occupied. The result of the research had indicated that marketing and individual environment association and the customer value had shown unsatisfactory outcome. According to verification research, marketing and individual environment association had significantly contributed to the customer value, both in partial and simultaneous measurements.
Analysis of Love, Death, Rebirth and Patriarchy in Two Contemporary Poetess Forough Farrokhzad and Sylvia Plath’s Selected Poems
Authors: Raoufzadeh Narges , Mohammadhosein Sharzad , Birgani Shiva Zaheri
Published: November 2019

ForoughFarrokhzad and Sylvia Plath’s poems are closely linked to their personal life and their marriage. Their poems are confessional in style. Farrokhzad criticizes Iranian male dominant society in which women are marginalized and haven’t any voice in the society, so seeking their voice and identity in modern literature, especially in modern Persian poetry. Sylvia Plath attempts to resist patriarchy in her society through her poems too. Two poets highlighting and expressing the lack of interest in life and the sole desire to die in most of their poems. Not only poetic imagery and themes like death, frustration and failure are common points that convey pessimistic views in their poems, but also few of their poems convey optimistic elements of life and hope so this paper is going to explain them too. Farrokhzad and Plath, two contemporary female poets, attempted to gain a voice for women in their country. They are considered as the successful feminist voices in their countries and astonishingly share the same themes and issues in their poetry. The present paper aims to highlight characteristics of confessional poetry and elaborate on concepts of love, death, rebirth and patriarchy in ForoughFarrokhzad and Sylvia Plath’s poems.
Moderate to high ethanol and acetaldehyde administration decreases c-fos protein expression in the hippocampus of Aldh2-knockout and C57BL/6N mice
Authors: Jamal Mostofa , Ito Ayako , Tanaka Naoko , Ameno Kiyoshi , Miki Takanori , Kinoshita Hiroshi
Published: November 2019

Background: Ethanol (EtOH) and acetaldehyde (AcH) have long been associated with many adverse effects in the central nervous system. c-fos has been used as an indirect index of neural activity.

Method: Here, we investigated the effects of systemic administration of EtOH and AcH on the expression of c-fos protein in the hippocampus of Aldh2-knockout (Aldh2-KO) mice. The animals received an intraperitoneal injection of saline (control), EtOH (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 g/kg) or AcH (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg), and the expression of c-fos protein was measured by Western blotting.

Result: We found that EtOH at doses of 2.0 and 4.0 g/kg decreased c-fos in wild-type (WT) mice, whereas EtOH at all three doses tested (1.0-4.0 g/kg) decreased c-fos in Aldh 2-KO mice. Likewise, AcH at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg had a significant effect in lowering c-fos protein in both WT and Aldh2-KO mice.

Conclusion: Our observations suggest that moderate to high EtOH and AcH can decrease the expression of c-fos protein in the mouse hippocampus. This effect may support, at least in part, the link between c-fos and spatial memory deficits following EtOH and AcH exposure as we have observed in our previous study.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(1) 2020 p.83-89