bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combination gut hormones: prospects and questions for the future of obesity and diabetes therapy
Authors: Khoo Bernard , Tan Tricia Mei-Mei
Published: May 2020

Obesity represents an important public health challenge for the twenty-first century: globalised, highly prevalent and increasingly common with time, this condition is likely to reverse some of the hard-won gains in mortality accomplished in previous centuries. In the search for safe and effective therapies for obesity and its companion, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), the gut hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has emerged as a forerunner and analogues thereof are now widely used in treatment of obesity and T2D, bringing proven benefits in improving glycaemia and weight loss and, notably, cardiovascular outcomes. However, GLP-1 alone is subject to limitations in terms of efficacy, and as a result, investigators are evaluating other gut hormones such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon and peptide YY (PYY) as possible partner hormones that may complement and enhance GLP-1’s therapeutic effects. Such combination gut hormone therapies are in pharmaceutical development at present and are likely to make it to market within the next few years. This review examines the physiological basis for combination gut hormone therapy and presents the latest clinical results that underpin the excitement around these treatments. We also pose, however, some hard questions for the field which need to be answered before the full benefit of such treatments can be realised.
Effect of tobacco in human oral leukoplakia: a cytomorphometric analysis
Authors: Patel Uday , Shah Rina , Patel Alpesh , Shah Shreyas , Patel Dhruva , Patel Anil
Published: May 2020

Objectives. Tobacco use is one of the most critical risk factors for different oral diseases. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effect of tobacco on oral mucosa by cytomorphometric analysis of cells with the help of exfoliative cytology and to find out the improvement in diagnostic sensitivity of exfoliative cytology in the detection of dysplastic changes and early oral malignancy.

Methods. The nuclear area (NA) and cytoplasmic area (CA) of cells were measured within cytological smear obtained from leukoplakia lesions of buccal mucosa of 90 tobacco users, 30 smokers (TS), 30 chewers (TC) and 30 with combined habit of smoking and chewing (TSC)] and from normal buccal mucosa of 30 non users (NU) of tobacco. Each habit group consisted of 30 tobacco users with oral leukoplakia lesion with mild epithelial dysplasia only. The 30 non-users of tobacco served as controls. The mean values of the CA and NA were obtained for each case, and the nuclear/cytoplasmic area (NA/CA) ratio was calculated.

Results. The results showed a statistically significant increase (P<0.001) in mean NA and a statistically significant decrease (P<0.001) in mean CA values of tobacco users with leukoplakia as compared to non-users, hence NA/CA ratio value was significantly higher in tobacco users with the lesion.

Conclusion. The changes in cellular morphology caused by tobacco use can be visualized by use of exfoliative cytology with the help of cytomorphometric analysis. The evaluation of parameters (NA, CA and NA/CA ratio) may increase the sensitivity of exfoliative cytology for the early diagnosis of oral premalignant and malignant lesions.
Costa Rica sin Fronteras #21
Authors: Aragón-Vargas Luis Fernando
Published: May 2020

En esta sección se publican los resúmenes en español de artículos que han sido publicados por investigadoras/es de universidades costarricenses en otras revistas en el mundo, con su debida referencia al trabajo original, y con una breve explicación de dónde se realizó la investigación. Los artículos originales han sido publicados en otros idiomas; las revistas tienen consejo editorial y manejan un proceso de revisión por pares.

Los resúmenes corresponden a estudios relacionados con las ciencias del ejercicio y la salud, que se conforman a los criterios generales de la revista, esto es, se trata de “... estudios experimentales o que hagan recomendaciones concretas para solucionar problemas o preguntas relevantes (...) trabajos originales o de meta-análisis.” Solicitamos a quienes hayan publicado este tipo de trabajos en otros idiomas que no los hagan saber, para incluir sus resúmenes en futuras entregas de esta sección.
Sistem Monitoring Suhu Air pada Kolam Benih Ikan Koi Berbasis Internet of Things
Authors: Indriyanto Slamet , Syifa Fikra Titan , Permana Hanif Aditya
Published: May 2020

Ikan koi merupakan salah satu jenis ikan hias yang banyak dipelihara oleh masyarakat karena memiliki bentuk serta corak warna yang indah. Pertumbuhan benih ikan koi sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan, diantaranya adalah suhu air kolam. Suhu air untuk pertumbuhan, selera makan, dan berat benih ikan koi berada pada 250C – 270C. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang dan membuat sistem monitoring suhu pada kolam benih ikan koi berbasis IoT. Hardware yang digunakan yaitu development board NodeMCU ESP8266, sensor suhu DS18B20 , Relay, dan Water Heater. Sistem yang dibuat dapat memantau suhu air kolam dan menstabilkan suhu kolam secara otomatis menggunakan heater. Dari hasil pengujian sensor suhu yang digunakan didapatkan rata-rata error pada kondisi dingin sebesar 3,426 %, rata-rata error pada kondisi normal sebesar 1,778% dan rata-rata error pada kondisi panas sebesar 1,546%. Angka ini menunjukkan akurasi yang baik untuk pengukuran sensor.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Kendali pada Robot Tempur Menggunakan Joystick Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Saptiadi Iman , Minggu Desyderius , Darmawan Yudhi
Published: May 2020

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini sangatlah pesat dengan banyaknya pembuatan robot yang dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Saat ini, bahkan robot digunakan dalam sebuah pasukan militer yang bertujuan untuk membantu dalam tugas operasi. Robot tempur merupakan suatu alat penggabungan mekanik dan elektronika yang dirancang untuk bergerak dari suatu tempat ke tempat lain serta dilengkapi senjata yang dapat menembak musuh secara real time. Operator menggunakan sebuah joystick untuk mengendalikan robot tempur. Penelitian ini membahas tentang perancangan sebuah kontrol joystick untuk mengendalikan robot tempur secara jarak jauh. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen, penelitian ini terfokus antara komunikasi Joystick dengan robot melalui koneksi modul NRF24L01 sehingga gerakan robot akan bergerak sesuai dengan gerakan Joystick yang telah diprogram. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa robot dapat kendalikan dengan mudah menggunakan Joystick dan secara real time terlihat pada layar Android yang terpasang pada kontrol Joystick. Penelitian ini sangat mendukung tugas operasi personil TNI dalam menjalankan misinya dengan memanfaatkan robot tempur.
Coercion and the Prima Facie Duty to Obey the Law
Authors: Crowe Jhonatan
Published: May 2020

This article examines the role of coercion in grounding a prima facie duty to obey the positive law. I argue that there is at least a weak prima facie duty to obey the positive law in a minimally effective and just legal system. The fact that a norm holds positive legal status within a minimally effective and just legal system gives people presumptive reason to believe that the norm is a salient and reasonable means of social coordination and therefore that they have pro tanto reason to follow it. Coercive sanctions may bolster the salience of social norms by giving people incentive to follow them. They also make it more likely that an agent’s decision to follow a particular norm will be reasonable, by creating the prospect that the reasons supplied by the sanctions will override any deficits in the salience or reasonableness of the norm itself. A legal system with strong coercive enforcement is therefore more likely than a less coercive system (other things being equal) to present its subjects with both prima facie and pro tanto moral obligations. This reliance on coercion, however, carries a significant moral hazard, since it may bootstrap inefficient or unreasonable norms into a position of epistemological and moral weight.
Alteración de la función renal: prevalencia y factores asociados en pacientes de riesgo
Authors: Castro Tássia Lima Bernardino , Oliveira Rayane Hellen , Sousa João Antônio Gomides , Romano Márcia Christina Caetano , Guedes João Victor Marques , Otoni Alba
Published: May 2020

Introducción: La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en sus primeras etapas no presenta manifestaciones clínicas y, por lo tanto, la mayoría de las personas solo se acercan a las unidades de salud cuando ya están en la fase terminal de la enfermedad, lo cual sigue siendo habitual en Brasil. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia de la tasa estimada de filtración glomerular (TFG) alterada y los factores asociados en usuarios del sistema de salud único que sufran de diabetes mellitus y/o hipertensión sistémica de alto riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal con las historias clínicas de 331 usuarios del Centro Estatal de Atención Especializada ubicado en el centro oeste de Minas Gerais, Brasil entre septiembre de 2017 y junio de 2019. Se realizaron un análisis univariado descriptivo y una regresión logística multivariante. Resultados: Del total de participantes, 118 (35,6%) tenían la TFG alterada. Se identificó una asociación significativa entre la alteración de la TFG y la edad: los ancianos ≥ 60 años tenían 5,53 veces más posibilidades de tener la TFG alterada. Los participantes que utilizaron la polifarmacia tenían 2,64 veces más probabilidades de que se alterara la TFG. Discusión: En consonancia con estudios similares, se registró la falta de seguimiento del inicio y el desarrollo de la ERC en las primeras etapas, lo que implica un enfoque tardío y acciones limitadas para preservar las funciones renales. Conclusiones: Se identificó una alta prevalencia de TFG alterada (35,6%) sin registros en las tablas que pudieran conducir a un enfoque preventivo de la degeneración de la función renal. La edad avanzada y la polifarmacia se identificaron como variables independientes en la alteración de la función renal.
Como citar este artículo: Castro, Tássia Lima Bernardino; Oliveira, Rayane Hellen; Sousa, João Antônio Gomides; Romano, Márcia Christina Caetano; Guedes,Guedes, João Victor Marques; Otoni, Alba. Função renal alterada: prevalência e fatores associados em pacientes de risco. Revista Cuidarte. 2020; 11(2): e1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1019
Relationship between Anthropometric Parameters and Lipid Profiles in University Students from Popayán (Cauca, Colombia)
Authors: Molano-Tobar Nancy Janneth , Villaquiran Hurtado Andres Felipe , Meza-Cabrera María del Mar
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are pathologies that are increasing every day. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between anthropometric variables and lipid profiles in a sample of young university students, which leads to taking future prevention actions. Materials and Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted with a sample of 182 university students (88 women and 94 men), whose anthropometric variables and lipid profiles were evaluated. Data were analyzed using the SPSS Statistics 20 software. The sample distribution was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or percentage, as applicable. Significance was established under the Pearson’s correlation coefficient with p ≤0.05 value. Partial correlations were used to evaluate the relationship between each of the anthropometric risk indices and lipid profile values. Results: 46.7% of the population were overweight classifies as low-risk for waist circumference (45.1%), finding that the body adiposity index was healthy for their age in 64.5% of the participants. As for lipid profile, normal values for triglycerides were found in 60.4% of the participants and optimal values for total cholesterol in 56%. Correlational analysis with a significance of p≤0.005 was positive for gender with anthropometric variables such as Body Mass Index and waist circumference. Discussion: Anthropometric characteristics are closely related to the lipid profile behavior, as shown in this study, and the different research studies conducted with university students. Conclusions: Anthropometric variables are positively related to the gender of university students, finding an association between total cholesterol and triglycerides, which indicates a health risk factor.
How to cite this article: Molano-Tobar Nancy Janneth, Villaquiran-Hurtado Andrés Felipe, Meza-Cabrera María del Mar. Relationship between Anthropometric Parameters and Lipid Profiles in University Students from Popayán (Cauca, Colombia). Revista Cuidarte. 2020; 11(2): e1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1079
Revisión sistemática del embarazo y la infección por coronavirus: resultados maternos, fetales y neonatales
Authors: Furlan Mara Cristina Ribeiro , Jurado Sonia Regina , Uliana Catchia Hermes , Silva Maria Eduarda Pascoaloto , Nagata Letícia Akie , Maia Anna Clara Freitas
Published: May 2020

Introducción: Se sabe poco sobre los efectos del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV) durante el embarazo. El objetivo de este estudio es describir los resultados clínicos durante el embarazo en mujeres con SARS-CoV-1 y SARS-CoV-2 y su repercusión en la salud del feto y el recién nacido. Materiales y métodos: Revisión sistemática realizada en los motores de búsqueda del Portal de Periódicos de CAPES, Google Académico, LILACS y PubMed. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 27 artículos científicos. La tasa de mortalidad fue mayor en las mujeres embarazadas con el SARS-CoV-1 que en las que tenían el SARS-CoV-2. Los síntomas más comunes informados por las mujeres embarazadas con COVID-19 fueron fiebre y tos. La mayoría de las pruebas de SARS-CoV-1 y SARS-CoV-2 resultaron negativas en recién nacidos de madres infectadas. Ambos tipos de infecciones causaron retraso del crecimiento intrauterino y problemas respiratorios en recién nacidos. Discusión: La infección por SARS-CoV-1 y SARS-CoV-2 comparten características clínicas comunes como fiebre, tos seca, disnea, neumonía e ingreso a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) para ventilación mecánica. Aunque en la literatura no se señala la transmisión vertical del coronavirus, se encontraron niveles de IgM en las muestras de sangre de los neonatos de las madres que tuvieron el SARS-CoV-2 durante el embarazo. Conclusiones: Es necesario realizar más estudios para comprender mejor los resultados clínicos maternos, fetales y neonatales del SARS-CoV-2 durante la gestación a fin de contribuir a las decisiones terapéuticas y de precaución sobre la infección
Como citar este articulo: Furlan, Mara Cristina Ribeiro; Jurado, Sonia Regina; Uliana, Catchia Hermes; Silva, Maria Eduarda Pascoaloto; Nagata, Letícia Akie; Maia, Anna Clara Freitas. Gravidez e infecção por coronavírus: desfechos maternos, fetais e neonatais – Revisão sistemática. Revista Cuidarte. 2020; 11(2): e1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1211
El impacto de las tecnologías educativas en la formación de profesionales a cargo de la atención neonatal
Authors: Aldiania Carlos Balbino  , Silva Amanda Newle Sousa , Queiroz Maria Veraci Oliveira
Published: May 2020

Introducción: Se observa el avance existente en la producción de tecnologías educativas para facilitar el aprendizaje, la formación y la solución a las necesidades que surgen del proceso de trabajo de los profesionales que prestan servicios en las unidades neonatales. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de las tecnologías educativas utilizadas en la formación de profesionales a cargo de la atención neonatal. Materiales y métodos: Se llevó a cabo una revisión integradora de la literatura en PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect y LILACS en el periodo entre agosto y septiembre de 2017. Se cruzaron los descriptores de aplicaciones móviles “personal de salud, niños, recién nacidos, multimedia, aprendizaje, salud móvil, aplicaciones, neonatos y educación sanitaria” y se analizaron 12 artículos en total. Resultados: En los estudios se utilizaron diferentes tecnologías de enseñanza, desde las metodologías tradicionales hasta las metodologías activas, con la exposición de materiales educativos impresos junto con las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. La mayoría de los estudios mostraron una mejora en el conocimiento, las habilidades y el cumplimiento de las directrices relacionadas con el cuidado crítico del recién nacido. Discusión: Las tecnologías educativas de corta y mediana duración que se emplearon para la atención neonatal permitieron ampliar los conocimientos y las habilidades profesionales. Las tecnologías impresas favorecieron el desarrollo de un enfoque comunicativo horizontal, lo que repercutió en el empoderamiento y la autonomía de los participantes. Los dispositivos móviles, por su parte, brindaron un apoyo inmediato al cuidador mediante el acceso a una gran diversidad de contenidos educativos desde cualquier lugar, lo que ayudó a aclarar las dudas relacionadas con la aplicación de procedimientos. Conclusión: Las tecnologías educativas utilizadas en la formación de los profesionales se encuentran diversificadas y son aplicables en diferentes escenarios de la atención neonatal, lo que repercute en el aprendizaje y los resultados en materia de salud del recién nacido
Como citar este artículo: Balbino, Aldiania Carlos; Silva, Amanda Newle Sousa; Queiroz, Maria Veraci Oliveira. O impacto das tecnologias educacionais no ensino de profissionais para o cuidado neonatal. Revista Cuidarte. 2020; 11(2): e954. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.954
Medical student perceptions of research training on patient care during clerkship
Authors: Smith-Gorvie Telisha , Nyhof-Young Joyce , Ng Jennifer , D'Urzo Tony , Katzman Debra
Published: May 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. BackgroundHealth Science Research (HSR) is a pre-clerkship component of the University of Toronto (U of T) MD Program. Through online modules and tutorials, students learn to understand and apply research, and write an original research protocol. This study explored students' perceptions on how HSR prepared them to identify, critically appraise and consume research during clerkship.MethodsAn online 12-item questionnaire surveyed U of T medical students (Class of 2018) who completed HSR in 2016. Basic descriptive statistics were performed; free text responses were analysed via descriptive thematic analysis.ResultsTwenty six percent (67/262) of students participated. Approximately half either agreed/strongly agreed that HSR helped them to critically appraise research articles (50.7%, 32/63) and assess applicability of results to patient care (50.8%, 32/63). Three themes emerged: i) desire for increased critical appraisal, ii) producing research less important than consuming research, iii) developing a greater appreciation of research during clerkship.ConclusionsStudents' perceptions on HSR's value during clerkship were modest; they desired greater focus on learning to be consumers of research. These results will refine HS, and our observations may be useful to other educators, as this type of intervention is not represented in existing literature.
Development of preanalytical criteria assessment of quality of vacuum blood collection systems affecting clinical examination of patients
Authors: Kazakov S. P. , Suslova L. A.
Published: May 2020

This paper presents comparative studies of preanalytical quality indices of vacuum gel systems (VGS) from four manufacturers, i.e., GL 795 (China), Vacuette (Austria), BD Vacutainer SST (USA) and Zdravmedtech (Russia). The analysis of the number of qualitative defects of the preanalytic phase of blood collection in vacuum gel tubes at the inpatient departments and in Department of Clinical Chemistry (preanalytic laboratory), in accordance with adopted criteria based on Russian industry standards, which are implemented with European indices of pre-analytic stage. The obtained results allowed us to identify a number of qualitative defects at pre-analytic stage for the vacuum gel systems from each manufacturer, including to summarize the data on number of these defects. Based on these results, the most common defects in each of the VGS presented by manufacturers are formulated. The results obtained can be used by manufacturers to improve the quality (structures) of the mentioned vacuum gel tubes.

The results of the comparative characteristics of VGS of different manufacturers were evaluated by their influence on the indexes of hemolysis (IH), ictericity, lipemia. The resulting indices of ictericity and lipemia do not allow to use them as criteria for assessing quality of the gel systems. The frequency of IH occurrence in serum at > 50 conventional units in VGS of different manufacturers was studied. It was revealed, that IH in the range from 10 to 50 conventional units and more, can be used as a criterion of VGS quality.

Comparison of routine biochemical parameters in VGS of different manufacturers, i.e., alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, direct bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum K+, was also carried out. It was found that the largest deviations from the average value were obtained for aspartate aminotransferase indices of more than 12.47% in Russian test tubes, and for direct bilirubin of more than 12.25% in Chinese test tubes and more than 9.15% in Russian test tubes. The study showed influence of IH upon quantitative values of lactate dehydrogenase for VGS from different manufacturers. It is proposed to use lactate dehydrogenase as an analyte. On this basis, it is possible to recommend a comparative quality assessment of vacuum gel systems, with IH cutoff level of more than 19 conventional units. It remains relevant to search for other analytes that can be used to assess the quality of VGS from different manufacturers. Some areas of research in biochemical testing are outlined. Preliminary data are obtained on usage of vacuum systems from different manufacturers for quality assessment, as well as conditions for performing these tests, along with the level of the hemolysis index of more than 10 conventional units.
Effect of virulent and vaccine variants of influenza virus on the immunophenotype of dendritic cells generated from murine bone marrow
Authors: Akhmatova N. K. , Rtishchev A. A. , Markushin S. G. , Kostinova A. M. , Akhmatova E. A. , Stolpnikova V. N. , Kalinichenko E. O. , Shubina I. Zh. , Bisheva I. A.
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to generate dendritic cells from the bone marrow of mice (DC) in vitro and to assess the effect of virulent and attenuated variants of influenza virus on the maturation of DCs. Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) were used in combination, to induce differentiation of mouse bone marrow (BM) mononucleocytes into DCs. On the 5th day, distinct variants of influenza virus were added to the cell culture, and the cells were additionally incubated for 2 days. The morphological characteristics of DCs, immunophenotype of DCs and expression of some Toll-like receptors were evaluated. On the 5th day of incubation. the DCs acquired typical morphological characteristics. DCs were large in size with an eccentrically located nucleous, often irregular in shape, with numerous processes. On the 7th day of incubation with influenza virus variants, their cytoplasm was somewhat denser. DCs acquired more processes, necessary for intercellular contacts. Expression levels of CD11c, a specific marker of BM-derived DCs, and of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC-II were elevated in mature DCs. Virulent versus attenuated strains of the influenza virus induced special variants of DCs differentiation, with respect to expression rates of differentiation markers, as well as expression of Toll-like receptors and costimulatory molecules. Conclusions. The in vitro cultured murine mononucleocytes derived from bone marrow can produce a large number of n-DCs, that can mature in the presence of different variants.

During evolution of the DC immunophenotype treated with variant influenza viruses, we have found distinct signs of immunosuppression.

The attenuated U-2 and M-26 influenza variants obtained by site-specific mutagenesis upon development of DCs immunophenotype, exhibited a decreased immunosuppressive activity and were not inferior to the cold-adapted (CA) reassortant for the most positions, but exceeded it in some instances. These studies can help to assess the criteria for evaluation the efficiency of in vitro developed influenza vaccines.
Phenotypic manifestation of homozygous partial deletion of the chromosome 1 segment spanning CFHR3 region
Authors: Tuzankina I. A. , Bolkov M. A. , Zhuravleva N. S. , Vaseneva Yu. O. , Shinvari Kh. , Schipacheva O. V.
Published: May 2020

This article presents two clinical cases of patients with a homozygous deletion of segment of chromosome 1, which covers regions of genes associated with complement factor H, in particular CFHR3. Patients underwent in-depth clinical studies, heredity assessment, laboratory, instrumental and genetic diagnostics. The first clinical case describes a clinical case with deleted chromosome 1 segment in a 9-year-old girl who was diagnosed with atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. This is a complement-dependent disease that affects both adults and children. It is known that a defect in any proteins included in the alternative complement activation pathway can lead to atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. However, this syndrome is most often caused by defects in chromosome 1 region, including gene sequences associated with complement factor H – CFHR1 and CFHR3. Modern treatment of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome involves targeted pathogenetic treatment, therefore, the genetic diagnosis seems to be a necessary step for differential diagnosis and confirmation. The patient had fairly typical clinical symptoms, including signs of thrombotic microangiopathy, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia and increasing renal failure. It is also known that her mother had congenital hydronephrosis, and the pregnancy proceeded against a background of ureaplasma, mycoplasma, cytomegalovirus infection, chronic pyelonephritis, and preeclampsia.

The second clinical case of a deleted chromosome 1 region, involving the CFHR3 gene, is a description of the disease in a boy of 8 years old, while the disease manifested with alopecia at the age of 4. Intermittent alopecia was the main symptom, while there were no signs of renal failure, thrombocytopenic purpura, and other symptoms characteristic of atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The boy also revealed some congenital defects of the urinary system: bladder diverticulum, unilateral ureterohydronephrosis, and bilateral dilatation of the pyelocaliceal system. The detected genetic defect is usually associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. However, the phenotype, i.e., clinical manifestations, determined a completely different diagnosis – primary immunodeficiency, a group of complement defects, and a deficiency of complement factor H-related protein. After analyzing the given clinical cases, we can conclude that clinical manifestations may vary significantly in carriers of same gene mutations. This suggests that there are additional factors (genetic or environmental) that can influence the formation of various phenotypic manifestations of this pathology.
Role of сathepsin G in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive lung disease: possible ways of regulation
Authors: Beloglazov V. A. , Yatskov I. A.
Published: May 2020

This review article presents the literature data supporting an idea on the role of serine proteases, and, especially, cathepsin G (CG), in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Most studies show that the imbalance in protease-antiprotease systems in COPD is one of the main factors in the disease progression and deterioration of patient’s prognosis. CG seems to act simultaneously in several main pathogenetic aspects of the disease: it stimulates inflammation in the bronchial mucous membranes, leads to remodeling of elastic framework of the lungs, causes degradation of the phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP). A study by Gudmann et al. (2018) reported on quantitative assays of elastin fragments, which are formed under the action of CG (EL-CG) and significantly increased in COPD, thus proving the effects of CG on destruction of elastic framework in lungs. In a recent study, Rønnow S.R. et al. have recommended the assays of EL-CG fragments, reflecting elastin CG remodeling, for use as a prognostic biomarker for overall mortality in COPD. The effect of CG on PLTP was studied in the works of Brehm A. et al. It is known that the anti-inflammatory effect of PLTP is mediated by macrophages, via the ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCA1), blocking the nuclear factor light chain enhancer (NF-kB) and reducing secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators by these cells, including (TNFα). The CG inhibition in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of the patients with COPD consistently disrupts its ability to cleave recombinant PLTP (rPLTP). At the same time, the highest CG activity was registered in BALF from smokers and in patients with COPD. Negative correlations between CG activity and PLTP level were detected. With respect to above, one may expect an increased interest for developing the inhibitors of serine proteases, including CG. E.g., the sunflower trypsin-1 inhibitor (SFTI-1) is a potent CG inhibitor, showing a significant increase of its activity when the P1 residue is replaced from Arg5 to Phe5. According to most researchers, powerful and selective CG inhibitors may be developed in future on the basis of SFTI-1, thus requiring further in-depth research.
Significance of individual management plan for the patients with hereditary lymphangioedema during pregnancy and lactation, and in newborns
Authors: Bobrikova E. N. , Denisova A. R. , Kotomina T. S. , Serdotetskova S. A. , Fomina D. S.
Published: May 2020

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a genetically caused orphan disease with a high risk of developing life-threatening attacks, thus requiring availability for up-to-date information on this problem for the doctors of any specialties. A limited number of observations determine the value of the analysis for each clinical case. Many facets of clinical manifestations, a list of predisposing and triggering factors, as well as limitations of some diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms, require the development of individual management schemes under distinct clinical situations. In this paper, we present the unique clinical cases with certain limitations, describing unexpected onset of the disease in the course of pregnancy, management aspects during delivery and post-delivery periods in a women with a previously confirmed HAE diagnosis. Adapted diagnostic algorithms of postnatal diagnostic verification are presented for children with burdened genetic history. We express some assumptions about involvement of a multidisciplinary team of specialists, personalized approach to building a management plan with an “online” correction depending on observation stage of НАЕ patient.
Recycling and Direct-Regeneration of Cathode Materials from Spent Ternary Lithium-Ion Batteries by Hydrometallurgy: Status Quo and Recent Developments
Authors: Duan Lizhen , Cui Yaru , Li Qian , Wang Juan , Man Chonghao , Wang Xinyao
Published: May 2020

The cathodes of spent ternary lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are rich in nonferrous metals, such as lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese, which are important strategic raw materials and also potential sources of environmental pollution. Finding ways to extract these valuable metals cleanly and efficiently from spent cathodes is of great significance for sustainable development of the LIBs industry. In the light of low energy consumption, ‘green’ processing and high recovery efficiency, this paper provides an overview of different recovery technologies to recycle valuable metals from cathode materials of spent ternary LIBs. Development trends and application prospects for different recovery strategies for cathode materials from spent ternary LIBs are also predicted. We conclude that a highly economic recovery system: alkaline solution dissolution/calcination pretreatment → H2SO4 leaching → H2O2 reduction → coprecipitation regeneration of nickel cobalt manganese (NCM) will become the dominant stream for recycling retired NCM batteries. Furthermore, emerging advanced technologies, such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs) extraction and one–step direct regeneration/recovery of NCM cathode materials are preferred methods to substitute conventional regeneration systems in the future.
A New Species and Lectotypification in Ruellia (Acanthaceae) from the Southeastern Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Authors: Braz Denise Monte , Freitas Azevedo Igor Henrique , Tripp Erin A.
Published: May 2020

Abstract—Ruellia capotyra is described as a new species of Acanthaceae from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, occurring in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. This species was discovered during fieldwork in a natural forested area, and further
details regarding its ecology and broader geographical distribution were clarified through the study of existing herbarium collections. Ruellia capotyra is a subshrub characterized by long-petiolate leaves, long-pedunculate, axillary, and compound dichasia, and rose-colored,
long, and curved corollas. It differs from other species of Ruellia by its quadrangular, glabrescent branches and rachises, the absence of bracteoles, calyces with subulate, unequal lobes, and sparse, long-glandular trichomes. The new species is described and illustrated. Diagnostic
characters and comments regarding its geographical distribution, phenology, and taxonomy are presented. Ruellia capotyra is compared with other species previously described in the genus and its infrageneric position is discussed. One of these species is Ruellia subsessilis,
for which a lectotype is here designated and its authority corrected. An informal IUCN conservation assessment of the new species indicated that it should be considered as a threatened species, further highlighting the conservation significance of the Atlantic Forest as a whole.
A Synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) in Brazil, with the Description of Two New Species
Authors: Lucas da Costa-Lima James , Celestino de Oliveira Chagas Earl
Published: May 2020

Abstract—A synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) for Brazil is presented. Six species are recognized: Dicliptera ciliaris, D. sexangularis, and D. squarrosa, widely distributed in South America; D. purpurascens, which ranges from the
North Region of Brazil (in the state of Acre) to eastern Bolivia; D. gracilirama, a new species from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil; and D. granchaquenha, a new species recorded in dry and semideciduous forests in Bolivia and western Brazil, in the state
of Mato Grosso do Sul. Furthermore, we propose new synonyms and designate lectotypes for eleven names. An identification key to the six accepted Dicliptera species in Brazil is provided.
Terminalia nildae (Combretaceae): A New Tree Species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: de Tasso Moreira Ribeiro Rayane , Gomes Fernanda Melo , Cordeiro Luciana Silva , Bezerra Loiola Maria Iracema , Ferreira de Sales Margareth
Published: May 2020

Abstract—We describe a new species of Terminalia (Terminalia nildae), currently known only from southern Bahia State, an area of Brazilian Atlantic Forest characterized by high species richness and high levels of endemicity. A description, illustration,
photographic plate, map of geographic distribution, as well as a table with morphological comparisons and key to the Terminalia species occurring in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including T. nildae, are provided herein.
Oocephalus efigeniae, a New Species of Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae) from Northeastern Brazil
Authors: de Souza Soares Arthur , Harley Raymond Mervyn , Barêa Pastore José Floriano , Jardim Jomar Gomes
Published: May 2020

Abstract―A new species, Oocephalus efigeniae, is described and illustrated. The new species occurs in campo rupestre vegetation in Bahia state, northeastern Brazil. Oocephalus efigeniae is similar to two other species also from Bahia state,
O. ganevii and O. rigens. A map with the distribution of the new species and related taxa is also provided.
Two New Species of Lychnophorella (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) from the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil
Authors: Bonfim e Cândido Jacqueline , Loeuille Benoît
Published: May 2020

Abstract—Lychnophorella comprises eleven species. It is characterized by the presence of a pad-like leaf sheath, strongly imbricate persistent phyllaries, glabrous corolla lobes, and apical anther appendages that are constricted at the base. The genus is restricted
to the campos rupestres of Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Northeastern Brazil. Lychnophorella hindii is morphologically similar to L. santosii and Lychnophorella saxicola is similar to L. leucodendron. These new species are described and illustrated,
their affinities discussed and an updated key for the genus is provided.
Seven New Species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae: Microlicieae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Pacifico Ricardo , Almeda Frank , Fidanza Karina
Published: May 2020

Abstract—Seven new species of the neotropical genus Microlicia are proposed (Microlicia capitata, M. coriacea, M. mutabilis, M. piranii, M. polychaeta, M. repanda, and M. sparsifolia). All seven species
are known only from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, mainly in the Diamantina Plateau and/or the Serra do Cabral. Diagnoses, line drawings, distribution maps, notes on diagnostic characters, conservation assessments, and habitat and phenology are provided.
Two New Rare, Endangered Species of Stenandrium (Acanthaceae: Acantheae) Reinforce Proposed Centers of Endemism and Key Biodiversity Areas in the Serra do Espinhaço, Brazil
Authors: Zanatta Maria Rosa V. , Daniel Thomas F. , Kameyama Cíntia , Proença Carolyn E. B.
Published: May 2020

Abstract—We describe and illustrate Stenandrium diamantinense and Stenandrium eustachyum, two new species from campos rupestres in a region of high endemism in southeastern Brazil. Stenandrium diamantinense is differentiated
from other congeners by its unique indurate, small leaves with revolute margins. Stenandrium eustachyum is most similar to Stenandrium villosum, the only congener with which it shares the combination of oval bracts and caulescent habit; it can be distinguished from the
latter species by its ovate to widely ovate leaves (vs. lanceolate in S. villosum). Stenandrium eustachyum differs from other species of Stenandrium from the Serra do Espinhaço by its oval (vs. linear in all other regional species) bracts. Photographs of
living plants in the field are supplemented by scanning electron micrographs of pollen, seeds, and trichomes. A distribution map and a key to the Stenandrium species of the southern Serra do Espinhaço are provided. Stenandrium diamantinense is informally
and provisionally assessed as Endangered and S. eustachyum as Critically Endangered. The distribution of Stenandrium in the Serra do Espinhaço supports proposed centers of endemism and key biodiversity areas.
Croton suassunae (Euphorbiaceae): A New Dioecious Species from Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Rossine Yuri , Paula de Souza Gomes Ana , Laurênio de Melo André , Athiê-Souza Sarah Maria , Ferreira de Sales Margareth
Published: May 2020

Abstract—During a taxonomic revision of Croton sect. Lasiogyne in Brazil, a new species was found that is described and illustrated here. Croton suassunae clearly belongs to C. sect. Lasiogyne and is morphologically similar
to C. tricolor and C. limae. Its distribution, habitat, phenology, and informal conservation status are presented, as well as an identification key and a table describing the differences between that species and its closest relatives. The discovery of C.
suassunae adds dioecious plants and bifid styles to the concept of C. sect. Lasiogyne.
A Novelty from Underexplored Amazon: Mandevilla manicorensis (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Coelho Caroliny Almeida , Amorim Bruno S. , Pereira Marta Regina , Cabral Fernanda N. , Albuquerque Patricia Melchionna , Morales J. Francisco
Published: May 2020

Abstract—Mandevilla manicorensis (Apocynaceae) is here described and illustrated. We also include photo plates, a distribution map, taxonomic comments, and morphological similarities with other species. It is similar to M. rugellosa, but differs
by its broader bracts, longer sepals, and orange corolla lobes. A dichotomous key is provided for the species of Mandevilla group “Exothostemon” with hypocrateriform corollas and foliaceous bracts in South America.
Equity Financing Risk
Authors: Medhat Mamdouh , Palazzo Berardino
Published: May 2020

A risk factor linked to aggregate equity issuance conditions explains the empirical performance of investment factors based on the asset growth anomaly of Cooper, Gulen, and Schill (2008). This new risk factor, dubbed equity ﬁnancing risk (EFR) factor, subsumes investment factors in leading linear factor models. Most importantly, when substituted for investment factors, the EFR factor improves the overall pricing performance of linear factor models, delivering a signiﬁcant reduction in absolute pricing errors and their associated t-statistics for several anomalies, including the ones related to R&D expenditures and cash-based operating proﬁtability.
Machine Learning, the Treasury Yield Curve and Recession Forecasting
Authors: Puglia Michael , Tucker Adam
Published: May 2020

We use machine learning methods to examine the power of Treasury term spreads and other financial market and macroeconomic variables to forecast US recessions, vis-à-vis probit regression. In particular we propose a novel strategy for conducting cross-validation on classifiers trained with macro/financial panel data of low frequency and compare the results to those obtained from standard k-folds cross-validation. Consistent with the existing literature we find that, in the time series setting, forecast accuracy estimates derived from k-folds are biased optimistically, and cross-validation strategies which eliminate data "peeking" produce lower, and perhaps more realistic, estimates of forecast accuracy. More strikingly, we also document rank reversal of probit, Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, neural network and support-vector machine classifier forecast performance over the two cross-validation methodologies. That is, while a k-folds cross-validation indicates tha t the forecast accuracy of tree methods dominates that of neural networks, which in turn dominates that of probit regression, the more conservative cross-validation strategy we propose indicates the exact opposite, and that probit regression should be preferred over machine learning methods, at least in the context of the present problem. This latter result stands in contrast to a growing body of literature demonstrating that machine learning methods outperform many alternative classification algorithms and we discuss some possible reasons for our result. We also discuss techniques for conducting statistical inference on machine learning classifiers using Cochrane's Q and McNemar's tests; and use the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) framework to decompose US recession forecasts and analyze feature importance across business cycles.
The role played by exotic plants in urban ecosystems: comments on Spennemann, 2019.
Authors: ANGEOLETTO FABIO , Bernardo Leite Leandro , Prestes Nogueira Duarte Taíse Ernestina , Maria Johann Juciane , Ortêncio Negri Isabela Carolina
Published: May 2020

The article written by Dick HR Spennemann, and published in the European Journal of Ecology, addresses the role played by a palm tree species native to the Canary Islands as food source for several frugivore species found in Australian cities. This palm tree bears fruit throughout the year; therefore, it is a reliable food source in winter and helps increasing wildlife support. Spennemann avoids the native versus exotic dogmatic simplism; instead, he assesses the palm tree species based on its positive environmental impact.
Perfil educativo peruano 2010 - Peruvian Educational Profile 2010
Authors: De La Cruz Alexander , Mendoza Hernán
Published: May 2020

Esta investigación busca identificar las preferencias que manifiestan los estudiantes por estudiar en una determinada institución universitaria, Por otra parte, se pretende medir el interés de los alumnos por educarse en nuevas carreras profesionales y técnicas, factibles a ser ofrecidas por la Universidad Peruana Unión. En relación a los objetivos, se aplicó un cuestionario directo a la totalidad de los alumnos que están por egresar de cuarto y quinto año de secundaria, haciendo un total de 555 jóvenes. Entre los resultados se encontró que 61.4% de jóvenes prefieren las universidades privadas. De la muestra total de 555 estudiantes adventistas 27.5% de estos les gustaría estudiar en la Universidad Peruana Unión. Los resultados de estas pruebas fueron analizados a través del paquete de análisis estadístico para la investigación educativa Visual Basic, mediante el análisis de frecuencias absolutas y porcentuales, media y moda. Los jóvenes de los colegios adventistas del departamento de San Martín tienen preferencia por las universidades privadas.
El consumismo y la “caída de Babilonia” - Consumerism and the “fall of Babylon”
Authors: Pereyra Lavandina Mario
Published: May 2020

A partir del siglo XVIII se instala el modernismo que promovió la evidencia objetiva, la utilidad racional y el descubrimiento de las leyes de la naturaleza. A partir de la segunda parte del siglo XX, naufraga el optimismo ingenuo del progreso indefinido y nace un nuevo tipo de sociedad individualista, centrada en el presente, que privilegia el consumo y el hedonismo: la posmodernidad. La fiebre consumista de satisfacciones inmediatas ha continuado durante el siglo XXI en lo que está siendo llamado hipermodernidad, más desenfrenada que nunca, aunque envuelta en un halo de temores e desasosiegos. Se investiga el proceso histórico que dio lugar al hiperconsumo para después plantear si acaso ésta es la última etapa de la historia o si habrá un poshipermodernismo. El sociólogo Z.Bauman (2007) estima que la posibilidad de producir un nuevo tipo de cultura es prácticamente nulo. A partir de esta realidad irreversible se considera la profecía apocalíptica de Babilonia (Apoc.18), en su desenlace catastrófico, como evento final de la historia humana, encontrándose que se relaciona con la economía y la política, como ejes socioculturales claves, haciendo el texto bíblico una descripción que podría relacionarse con organizaciones que trabajan desde las sombras, manejadas por los clanes más poderosos del mundo, que estarían dirigiendo los flujos de los grandes capitales e influyendo en la política internacional movidos por la avidez de poder, en forma perversa y egoísta. Podría hipotetizarse que la profecía apocalíptica del último simbolismo babilónico podría aplicarse al hipermodernismo, augurándose su destrucción y la instalación de un nuevo orden bajo los auspicios del Dios.
Parentalidad y autoestima de los hijos: una revisión sobre la importancia del fortalecimiento familiar para el desarrollo infantil positivo - Parenting and self-esteem of children: a review of the importance of family strengthening for positive child ...
Authors: Vargas Rubilar Jael Alejandra , Oros Laura Beatriz
Published: May 2020

La autoestima positiva promueve la salud y protege de la disfuncionalidad, emergiendo como un importante factor de resiliencia. Su desarrollo, desde edades tempranas, favorece una adaptación funcional al medio y previene el disconfort emocional a largo plazo. Dado que la literatura afirma que la familia es una pieza clave para la génesis de la autoestima infantil, el presente trabajo reseñará algunas condiciones familiares que pueden afectar la valoración personal de los hijos, remarcando la necesidad de diseñar abordajes psicosociales para propiciar ambientes familiares salugénicos, optimizando las competencias parentales y fortaleciendo el vínculo afectivo parento-filial.