bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of Modeling Partially Drained Dense Sand Behavior in Monotonic Triaxial Compression Loading Tests
Authors: Suzuki Y. , Carotenuto P. , Dyvik R. , Jostad H. P.
Published: November 2019

Sand behavior is significantly affected by the drainage conditions being either fully drained, partially drained, or undrained. Partially drained conditions are often encountered in reality; however, partial drainage effects are not commonly considered at a soil element level. As a common soil element test, triaxial testing is carried out with either fully drained or undrained conditions for the shearing phase, as specified according to the soil type and design application. In this study, a series of monotonic triaxial compression tests were performed under various drainage conditions with a special filter device to investigate partially drained behavior of dense sand. Partially drained behavior resulted in simultaneous excess pore water pressure generation and volumetric strain and behaved more similar to the undrained condition at the beginning of shearing and more similar to the fully drained condition at the large strains. Using three different degrees of drainage induced by three filter devices with different steady-state flow capacity and different shearing strain rates suggest that a ratio of the axial strain rate to the filter flow capacity can be used as a unique parameter to represent degree of drainage in a partially drained test.
A Self-Organizing Evolutionary Method to Model and Optimize Correlated Multiresponse Metrics for Additive Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Aljarrah Osama , Li Jun , Huang Wenzhen , Heryudono Alfa , Bi Jing
Published: November 2019

The use of robust multiresponse constrained optimization techniques in which multiple-objective responses are involved is becoming a crucial part in additive manufacturing (AM) processes. Common and popular techniques, in most cases, rely on the assumption of independent responses. In practice, however, many of the desired quality characteristics can be correlated. In this work, we propose a technique based on three ingredients: hybrid self-organizing (HSO) method, desirability function (DF), and evolutionary algorithms to analyze, model, and optimize the multiple correlated responses for the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process, one of the most popular AM technologies. The multiobjective functions are formulated by employing the HSO method and DF, where structural integrity and process efficiency metrics are considered for the data-driven correlated multiresponse models. Subsequently, layer thickness, nozzle temperature, printing speed, and raster angles are taken as process parameters (decision variables). The operational settings and capabilities for the FDM machine are defined as boundary constraints. Different EA algorithms, the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm, and the multiobjective particle swarm optimization method, are then deployed to model the AM criteria accordingly to extract the Pareto-front curve for the correlated multiresponse functions. FDM experimental design and data collection for the proposed method are provided and used to validate our approach. This study sheds light on formulating robust and efficient data-driven modeling and optimizations for AM processes.
Plasma levels of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2 in children with obesity: correlation with age and insulin resistance
Authors: Fittipaldi Antonela S , Hernández Julieta , Castrogiovanni Daniel , Lufrano Daniela , De Francesco Pablo N , Garrido Verónica , Vitaux Patrick , Fasano María Victoria , Fehrentz Jean-Alain , Fernández Adriana , Andreoli María F , Perello Mario
Published: November 2019

Objective

The octanoylated peptide hormone ghrelin regulates appetite and glycaemic control. Des-acyl ghrelin abolishes some effects of ghrelin, but does not bind to ghrelin receptor. LEAP2 is a novel ligand for ghrelin receptor that blocks the effects of ghrelin. Some evidences show that plasma levels of these peptides are altered in adults with obesity, but their levels in childhood obesity remain poorly studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess fasting plasma levels of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2 in children with normoweight, overweight/obesity and their association with different anthropometric and metabolic variables.

Design

A total of 42 females and 40 males, ages 3–12 years old were enrolled as a cross-sectional cohort.

Results

Plasma levels of des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2 (but not ghrelin) were lower and ghrelin/des-acyl ghrelin ratio was higher in children with overweight/obesity. Des-acyl ghrelin negatively correlated with age, BMI z-score, insulin and HOMA index, and the correlations were stronger in children with overweight/obesity. LEAP2 levels negatively correlated with BMI z-score. No gender differences were found.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that ghrelin tone is increased in childhood obesity, due to a decrease on plasma levels of des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2, and that des-acyl ghrelin is associated to insulin resistance, particularly in children with overweight/obesity.
Prolactin ≤1 ng/mL predicts macroprolactinoma reduction after cabergoline therapy
Authors: Kim Daham , Ku Cheol Ryong , Kim Kyungwon , Jung Hyein , Lee Eun Jig
Published: November 2019

Objective

The association between prolactin level variation and prolactinoma size reduction remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the prolactin level cut-off predictive of a tumor size reduction.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Methods

We reviewed medical records of patients with prolactinoma who received primary cabergoline therapy and for whom complete data on pituitary hormone assays and sellar MRI at baseline and 3 months post treatment were available. We tested whether the certain prolactin level after 3 months post treatment predicted better response.

Results

Prolactin levels normalized in 109 (88.6%) of 123 included macroprolactinoma patients. The mean tumor size reduction was 22.9%, and patients in the lowest prolactin tertile (≤0.7) had the highest frequency of tumor size reductions of ≥20% (73.7 vs 52.9% and 45.9% in tertiles 2 (>0.7 to 2.6) and 3 (>2.6 to 20), P = 0.015). Patients with prolactin levels ≤1 ng/mL exhibited larger tumor size reductions vs those with prolactin levels of 1–20 (27.2 ± 18.3% vs 19.5 ± 13.9%, P = 0.014), 1–10 (19.3 ± 13.7%, P = 0.017) and 1–5 ng/mL (19.2 ± 14.3%, P = 0.039). A multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that a prolactin level ≤1 ng/mL at 3 months and high-dose cabergoline therapy were significantly associated with tumor size reductions of ≥20% (odds ratio (OR): 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2–6.7, P = 0.017; OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0–3.9, P = 0.043).

Conclusions

A prolactin level ≤1 ng/mL at 3 months after cabergoline treatment was correlated with a significant tumor size reduction in patients with macroprolactinoma. This finding may help clinical decision making when treating macroprolactinoma patients.
Long-acting porcine sequence ACTH in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency: a cost-effective alternative to the ACTH1–24 test
Authors: Inder Warrick J
Published: November 2019

While the ACTH1–24 test has some well-documented shortcomings, it is the most widely used test to diagnose primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency. However, this synthetic ACTH preparation is not readily available in some countries. Research from India has demonstrated that using a long-acting porcine sequence ACTH has similar diagnostic performance to ACTH1–24 at around 25% of the cost. This may allow access to a robust test for adrenal insufficiency to developing countries and potentially allow thousands of patients to be identified and appropriately treated.
Representaciones sociales del medio ambiente en estudiantes de educación media y superior de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia
Authors: Rodríguez de Ávila Ubaldo Enrique , Paba Barbosa Carmelina , Paba Argote Zuany Luz , Obispo Salazar Kelly , Cortés Miranda Sharol
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo describe el contenido, la organización y el significado de la representación social del medio ambiente, admitiendo que un fenómeno permite diversas interpretaciones, desde el paradigma epistemológico de los enfoques interpretativos, de tipo cualitativo, con técnicas de procesamiento de la información de tipo cuantitativo. Participaron 280 estudiantes de educación media y superior de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia, 54% mujeres y 46% hombres. Se hizo un análisis prototípico y lexicográfico de la representación social (RS), basado en la técnica de análisis de contenido y la teoría del discurso. Se encontraron un total de 1684 palabras o expresiones evocadas, de las cuales 194 fueron palabras diferentes (1 palabra diferente por persona), además se lograron identificar varias categorías para comprender la organización y estructura del significado de la RS del Medio Ambiente. Se discuten los resultados a la luz de la teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, en la medida que no se evidencia heterogeneidad en la representación social del medio ambiente.
Dislexia y bilingüismo: estudios de caso en población infantil
Authors: Castañeda Ibáñez Nolly Nataly , Reyes Franco Joan Alexander , Marín Ospina Miguel David
Published: November 2019

El objetivo central del estudio fue identificar la presencia o ausencia de la dislexia (como síntoma) por un bilingüismo de tipo sustractivo en dos niños varones con edades de 8 y 9 años provenientes de un contexto educativo bilingüe por medio de estudios de caso no experimentales, de carácter descriptivo y transversal, utilizando como evaluación para la detección de la dislexia como síntoma, subpruebas de la Evaluación Neuropsicoloógica Infantil (ENI-2). Los hallazgos indican que la relación entre el bilingüismo y la dislexia es interdependiente, es decir, se presentan síntomas asociados a la dislexia en presencia de una formación bilingüe intensiva en la lengua secundaria o L2 (inglés), lo cual tiene un efecto contraproducente en la lengua nativa o L1 (español), debido a que se sustituyó la enseñanza específica de L1 por la de una L2.
Tamaño del grupo, argumentación y lectura de tablas en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Curcio Juan Manuel , Peralta Nadia Soledad , Castellaro Mariano
Published: November 2019

La argumentación es una variable importante para entender el aprendizaje. Aunque hay varios artículos al respecto, su relación con el tamaño del grupo es una novedad. Se analiza la relación entre el tamaño del grupo (díada-tríada) y la distribución argumental (simétrica-asimétrica) en lectura de tablas de doble entrada, y su relación con el tipo de respuesta utilizada. Se utilizó un diseño cuasi-experimental de solo post-test en una muestra de 89 estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados muestran distribuciones argumentales simétricas en las díadas, mientras que las tríadas obtuvieron mayores valores de asimetría. No se encontraron relaciones significativas entre el tamaño del grupo y el tipo de respuesta final como así tampoco entre la distribución argumental y el tipo de respuesta. Esto indicaría que el tamaño del grupo afecta la posibilidad de las personas de aportar argumentos durante la interacción, así como el tipo de tarea condicionaría el tipo de argumentos empleados.
Validación de un Inventario de roles de masculinidad hegemónica en varones colombianos
Authors: Pineda Roa Carlos Alejandro , Galindo Ascanio Geydi Katherine , González-Moreno Diana Paola , Chaparro Clavijo Reynel Alexander
Published: November 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de un inventario para medir el concepto de masculinidad hegemónica en varones residentes en una ciudad colombiana intermedia. Se seleccionaron mediante muestreo no probabilístico por disponibilidad 600 participantes con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 65 años (M=29, DE=10.7). Se aplicó un inventario de 30 ítems que mide la adherencia a los roles de masculinidad hegemónica versión modificada (IRMH-M). El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE) arrojó cinco factores que explican el 64% de la varianza común. El Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) confirmó muy buen ajuste de este modelo pentafactorial en una versión reducida de 17 ítems S-B χ2 =343.29, gl =109, NNFI =0.97; CFI=0.98. RMSEA = 0.06 IC95% (0.053 - 0.067). Los coeficientes Alfa y Omega obtenidos para estimar consistencia interna estuvieron entre 0.70 y 0.79. El constructo “roles de masculinidad hegemónica” discriminó adecuadamente según la edad, el nivel educativo, el estrato y la ocupación. Se concluye que IRMH-M posee propiedades psicométricas adecuadas.
La violencia intrafamiliar en el desempeño laboral de las mujeres en el sector textil -confección
Authors: Quintero Arango Luis Fernando , Álvarez Agudelo Carlos Eduardo , Ibagon Parra Diana Marcela
Published: November 2019

El objetivo principal de la investigación fue conocer los factores que se derivan de la violencia intrafamiliar y la incidencia en la productividad laboral en empresas del sector textil confección. Inicialmente, se realizó una revisión de la literatura, para luego desarrollar el proyecto investigativo bajo el paradigma interpretativo, haciendo énfasis, en identificar cómo el fenómeno de la violencia intrafamiliar impacta el desempeño laboral de las trabajadoras de este tipo de empresas. La metodología fue cualitativa, con un diseño transversal, y se utilizó la técnica de recolección de información por medio de un grupo focal y una entrevista semiestructurada con preguntas orientadoras. En los resultados se pudo constatar que la violencia intrafamiliar es un factor que incide en el bajo nivel de desempeño y productividad de las trabajadoras; donde el desempeño laboral se ve afectado por esta situación impactando la baja calidad en el trabajo. Así mismo, se estableció que las organizaciones no cuentan con una ruta de atención que ofrezca apoyo a las mujeres víctimas de la violencia intrafamiliar.
Análisis del concepto de abstracción y su uso en referencia a las relaciones conductuales
Authors: Villamil B Carlos Wilcen , Quiroga-Baquero Luis A.
Published: November 2019

El concepto de abstracción ha sido difundido en la literatura conceptual y experimental en el análisis de la conducta desde inicios del siglo XX. Su uso en las aproximaciones derivadas de la teoría del condicionamiento, predominantemente ha sido permeado por categorías de orden operacional, lo cual ha permitido que se considere de forma equivalente o análoga a los conceptos de categorización y formación de conceptos, y que se formulen taxonomías de niveles de abstracción con base en criterios morfológicos. En el presente escrito, se describen las características de dichos usos en la tradición del análisis de la conducta, se identifican algunas insuficiencias conceptuales en torno a su definición con base en categorías operacionales y morfológicas, y se propone como alternativa una definición del comportamiento abstracto y una taxonomía de niveles de complejidad de este comportamiento desde una perspectiva interconductual.
Internet access through mobile devices: world experience and perspectives of development in Ukraine
Authors: Квітка С. А. , Мазур О. Г.
Published: November 2019

The issue of the expanding access to the high-speed Internet through 4G wireless mobile network has been studied in the article. The purpose of the research was to determine the vectors for the development of Internet access through mobile devices in the world and the stage of implementation of these technologies in Ukraine by the case of Dnipropetrovsk region.The methodological basis of the study was the comparative analysis and the Foresight methodology. Documents of international organizations, open source data on the use of 3G / 4G technology by mobile network providers in the territory of Dnipropetrovsk region, expert surveys of specialists of governing bodies in the united territorial communities have been used as information sources. Speeds of mobile Internet networks in countries around the world have been reviewed by authors, paying attention to the current availability of 4G network coverage using mobile devices with the required operating frequency ranges and high requirements to network speeds. The result of the paper became the determination of relations between the spread of 3G / 4G mobile network and development of the e-governance in the studied territories. In particular, this includes the level of development and functioning of local governments’ web portals, ensuring the access of population to the public information and electronic public services. A comparative analysis of the open statistic data on Internet access through mobile devices in the EU and Ukraine has been made. The basic stages of mobile 3G, 4G and 5G generations networks implementation in Ukraine have been described. The available possibilities for mobile devices made for use on 4G networks have been presented.The research of the state of 3G / 4G network coverage in territories of 60 united territorial communities of Dnepropetrovsk region has been carried out and the data on aggregated integrated coverage indicators of 3G / 4G network have been systematized. It has been proven that the use of 3G / 4G technology creates opportunities for the digital inequality’s overcoming and further development of the e-governance in Ukraine. A number of concrete directions of optimization of public administration bodies’ activity in this sphere have been suggested.
Administrative reform in Ukraine: from its origins to the future
Authors: Курілов Ю. Ю.
Published: November 2019

In general, this article reveals the political meaning of administrative reforms and administrative divisions in some countries of Europe and Asia. A special subject of research is administrative reform and the reform of regionalization in the unitary countries, their path to regionalism and greater democratization at the level of regional governance. Administrative reform and the reform of decentralization of power have ripened in Ukraine for a long time, and even at the present stage, these reforms are inherent in some problems. This work reveals all the functional and historical-ethnographic content of administrative reform in Ukraine. The study offers a pilot map of the administrative division of regions and subregional entities in Ukraine, according to Western trends in administrative division. The historical, national foundations of administrative reform and decentralization reforms in Ukraine are interesting, as well as external factors such as European integration, which may affect the formation of the concept of administrative division in Ukraine, both from a historical retrospective and futurism in this matter, as well as from a functional point of view. In general, the Ukrainian space is inherent in some uncertainty and differences in conceptual issues of reforming the administrative-territorial structure of the state. The study analyzes promising developments in the field of reforming of the administrative-territorial divisions and suggests some new trends in possible areas of reform. First of all, the author is trying to restore order about how European trends and ideas can be expressed in the domestic environment. Some legislative initiatives are analyzed and it is proposed to highlight the historical and functional meaning of the concept of a region in legislation. It also analyzes the possible impact of administrative reform on the reforms of various branches of government. In general, the study proposes a qualitative modernization of the system of administrative-territorial construction in Ukraine. In fact, reforming the administrative-territorial structure on the basis of universally recognized world trends can significantly streamline national, regional, subregional and local governance in Ukraine, and bring it to a new level. Also, these reforms carry some modernization of regional economic policy, which the domestic space needs in the face of modern problems.
Efectos del entrenamiento por intervalos vs entrenamiento continuo sobre capacidad aeróbica en pacientes con enfermedad de las arterias coronarias
Authors: Bizzozero Peroni Bruno , Díaz Goñi Valentina
Published: November 2019

El objetivo de esta revisión fue comparar la influencia del entrenamiento por intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) con el entrenamiento continuo de moderada intensidad (MICT) sobre la capacidad aeróbica y otras variables relevantes en pacientes con enfermedad de las arterias coronaria (EAC). Realizamos una revisión de revisiones sistemáticas y meta-análisis en PubMed hasta el 04 de junio de 2019. Se identificaron un total de 22 artículos, de los cuales 6 se seleccionaron finalmente para esta revisión. La calidad metodológica se evaluó utilizando la herramienta ‘Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2’ (AMSTAR-2). Todos los estudios analizaron los efectos del HIIT y MICT en pacientes adultos (rango edad media: 52-76 años). La calidad general de los estudios incluidos fue moderada-alta (AMSTAR-2). El HIIT presentó mayores mejorías sobre el consumo de oxígeno pico y la frecuencia cardíaca pico en comparación al MICT. Esta revisión agrega evidencia adicional que el HIIT presenta mejoras clínicamente significativas sobre la capacidad aeróbica en comparación al MICT. Son necesarios más estudios que permitan establecer conclusiones consistentes de los efectos del HIIT y MICT sobre otras variables relevantes.
Quality of low-fat mozzarella cheese with different fat replacers
Authors: Chatli M.K. , Gandhi N. , Singh P.
Published: November 2019

The comparative efficacy of 0.4% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and 0.3% sodium alginate (SA) was evaluated as fat replacer in low-fat (<0.5% milk fat) mozzarella pre-cheese on the basis of physico-chemical, processing, textural, and colour profile, nutritional and sensory attributes. High-fat mozzarella cheese (prepared from milk with 6.0% fat) was taken as control (FFMC), whereas low-fat mozzarella cheese (prepared from milk with <0.5% fat) without any fat replacer (LFMC) taken as negative control. The per cent yield was lower in low fat cheese with CMC (LFMC-CMC), whereas in low fat cheese with SA (LFMC-SA) it was comparable with FFMC. The moisture and protein contents were higher (P<0.05) in low-fat mozzarella cheese (LFMC-CMC, LFMC-SA) than in FFMC. The energy content in LFMC-CMC and LFMC-SA was 44 percent lower than in FFMC. The meltability decreased, whereas melt time increased in LFMC-CMC and LFMC-SA compared to FFMC. The processing and nutritional attributes were comparable in both treatments. Hardness increased, whereas chewiness decreased in low-fat cheese. However, type of fat replacer did not affect hardness of the product. Gumminess was higher (P<0.05) in LFMC-CMC than in LFMC-SA. The sensory panellists rated LFMC-SA better for flavour and overall acceptability than LFMC-CMC. The appearance, texture, and juiciness were comparable in low-fat and high-fat mozzarella cheese. Results indicated that 0.3 per cent SA can be successfully used for processing of low-fat cheese.
Influence of 4 years of ageing on some phenolic compounds in red wines
Authors: Krstonošić M. Atanacković , Cvejić Hogervorst J. , Torović Lj. , Puškaš V. , Miljić U. , Mikulić M. , Bukarica Lj. Gojković
Published: November 2019

Most of red wine's health benefits are attributed to polyphenols, which can express different biological effects. During ageing process, numerous chemical reactions occur, alternating phenolic composition of wine. Therefore, this paper focused on the influence of ageing on the evolution of wine phenolics (phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and anthocyanins). Wines from 4 local grape varieties (Frankovka, Portugieser, Probus, and Rumenika) were analysed after 1 month and 4 years of ageing. Monomeric anthocyanin and total phenolic contents and antioxidative potential in aged wines were also determined. Among tested phenolics, main components in aged wines remained gallic acid (2.16–19.55 mg l−1) and catechin (8.39–37.21 mg l−1). The most prominent changes of analysed phenolic compounds during ageing were observed for p-coumaric acid (from +173.3% to +763.1%) and malvidin-3-glucoside (from +173.3% to +763.1%). Wine from Rumenika variety maintained the highest content of individual phenols after ageing. Additionally, aged wines had very low content of monomeric anthocyanins. Significant correlation (r= −0.93, P<0.05) between total phenolic content and IC50 values in aged wines was also noticed. Obtained results provide useful information about the quality preservation during aging and storage of these products.
Rapid enrichment of peptides with calcium-chelating capacity and characterization of physical chemical properties
Authors: Wu S.F. , Qi W. , Wang Y.F. , Su R.X. , He Z.M.
Published: November 2019

Casein peptides with calcium-chelating capacity were rapidly enriched by using a novel ceramic matrix (CM)-based Ti4+-IMAC adsorbent. The ability of calcium-chelating peptides (CCPs) to bind calcium and the physical properties of complexes formed between CCPs and calcium were investigated. Results demonstrated that the amount of calcium bound depended on the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of casein hydrolysates. The highest calcium binding capacity (683 mg g−1) occurred when bovine casein was hydrolysed by pancreatin at a DH of 0.14%, meanwhile, the calcium content of CCPs-Ca complex exhibited the maximum level (134.96 mg g−1). In addition, CCPs showed a higher radical scavenging capacity (50 µg ml−1; 99% inhibition, or an equivalent activity of 9.91×10−3 M Trolox) compared to casein digest. Moreover, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to explore the interaction between CPPs and calcium, and the results demonstrated that phosphoserine residues as well as COO- groups of CCPs were involved in the formation of CCPs-Ca complex.
Occupational stress and evaluation of performance in university professors of the Departmento del Cesar, Colombia/Estrés Ocupacional Y Evaluación De Desempeño En Docentes Universitarios Del Departamento Del Cesar
Authors: Acosta Adriana Cristina , Ruiz Luz Karine Jimenez , Marin Miladys Redondo , Guerrero Edgar Guillermo Pulido
Published: November 2019

This work analyzes the relation between occupational stress and the evaluation of teachers' performance. Due cultural reasons, both nationally and internationally, we spend a lot of time developing work activities and in our place of work, than in any other area. It increases the importance of evaluating and analyzing these circumstances, making possible the prevention and intervention in this type of cases. In this cross-sectional quantitative, cross-sectional study, we work with 47 teachers from a university in the Department of Cesar. The sociodemographic sheet and the stress survey of the technical annex of resolution 2646 of 2008, validated by Villalobos et al (2013), was applied; data about teacher´s performance evaluations 2016-2,  was taken from the Registry and Control Office. The results indicate there is no significant association between the studied variables.
Journalistic quality in the treatment of gender-based violence against women: Caracol Noticias case/Calidad periodística en el tratamiento de la violencia de género contra las mujeres: el caso de Caracol Noticias
Authors: Mejía García Miguel Aviuth , Romero Claudia Beltrán , Marroquín Escalante Vanesa de Jesús
Published: November 2019

Este artículo tuvo como propósito caracterizar el tratamiento periodístico en las noticias sobre violencia contra las mujeres por razones de género. Para una aproximación al objeto, se analizó Noticias Caracol, del Canal Caracol Televisión en Colombia. Para ello, se realizó un vaciado del contenido noticioso que emitió el canal sobre casos de violencia de género durante los años de 2013 y 2014 y que estuvieron accesibles a través del canal de YouTube del noticiero en mención. Como parte de los hallazgos se encontró una escasa presencia del tema en la agenda del noticiero y la baja importancia que se le ha dado al problema, como también se evidenció una ritualización en la presentación de los hechos, los protagonistas y las causas, aspectos que no contribuyen a que las audiencias vean críticamente las motivaciones del agresor y tampoco se genera conciencia crítica debido a la falta de fuentes expertas sobre esta violación sistemática de los Derechos Humanos.
Prospective of the integration of colombian and venezuelan universities of the border region for/Prospectiva de la integración de universidades colombianas y venezolanas de región de frontera para la transferencia de conocimiento e innovación tecnológica
Authors: Espinosa Rodríguez Rafael , Castrillo-Guerra Leonor Beatriz
Published: November 2019

The limited integration between border universities, caused by the lack of policies and strategies to support knowledge alliances, constitutes the research argument. This seeks to establish a structure for integration, which contributes to the viability of the integral development of universities in cross-border territories. On the basis of explanatory and interpretative approaches, research was conducted, oriented towards the construction of the theoretical system based on conceptions, on intercultural identity, cross-border integration, internationalization; and finally the construction of scenarios, visualizing a future to 15 years. The results allowed to evaluate the potential of success of the academic-scientific integration processes, between the University of Zulia (Venezuela), the University of La Guajira and the Popular University of Cesar (Colombia).
Environmental Education and Education for Sustainability: history, fundamentals and/Educación Ambiental y Educaciòn para la Sostenibilidad: historia, fundamentos y tendencias.
Authors: Avendaño María Nay Valero , Febres Cordero-Briceño María Elena
Published: November 2019

Los retos propuestos en el ámbito educativo en este siglo, demandan del educador una formación proactiva y autocrítica, lo que significa que éste debe utilizar diferentes caminos para aproximarse y comprender la dinámica ambiental con la que interactúa desde la complejidad. Unido a ello, el educador debe comprender los fundamentos y las tendencias de los tipos de Educación que emergieron entre 1970-2014, entre ellas:la Educación Ambiental(EA) yla Educaciónpara el Desarrollo Sostenible (EDS). En este contexto es oportuno preguntarnos: ¿serán tipos de educación  que se bifurcan o se complementan?, ¿cuáles son los propósitos de cada una?, ¿qué aspectos teórico-metodológicos las caracterizan?,¿cuáles son los fundamentos y las tendencias pedagógicas que las sustentan? ¿cómo se han desarrollado en Venezuela? Para dar respuesta a estas interrogantes se desarrolló una investigación de carácter documental, con el propósito de analizar el recorrido histórico dela EAyla EDSen el marco de los lineamientos internacionales, sus fundamentos y tendencias. La metodología utilizada para la investigación fue el análisis de contenido, estableciendo cuatro categorías: conceptos clave, teorías implícitas y explicitas, paradigma y tendencias pedagógicas agrupadas en las dimensiones. Los resultados se organizaron siguiendo las técnicas de la descripción y el ordenamiento conceptual dela Teoría Fundamentada(Strauss y Corbin, 2002). Se obtienen como resultado el estado del arte dela EAy dela EDSen cuatro décadas, ambas se describen desde las propiedades que caracterizan las dimensiones: conceptual, institucional y pedagógica.
Twelve tips for incorporating gamification into medical education
Authors: Singhal Shabnam , Hough Josephine , Cripps David
Published: November 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Gamification incorporates elements of gameplay into real-word activities and behaviours. These elements include progress mechanics, player development and narrative structure. Gamification is being increasingly used in an educational context as it has the ability to make learning fun, memorable and more effective. We recommend ways in which gamification can be effectively implemented in medical education, including common pitfalls and hurdles to avoid.
Initial Results from Mobile Low-Dose Computerized Tomographic Lung Cancer Screening Unit: Improved Outcomes for Underserved Populations
Authors: Raghavan Derek , Wheeler Mellisa , Doege Darcy , Doty John D. , Levy Henri , Dungan Kia A. , Davis Lauren M. , Robinson James M. , Kim Edward S. , Mileham Kathryn F. , Oliver James , Carrizosa Daniel
Published: November 2019

Introduction

The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated that screening high-risk patients with low-dose computed tomography (CT) of the chest reduces lung cancer mortality compared with screening with chest x-ray. Uninsured and Medicaid patients usually lack access to this hospital-based screening test because of geographic and socioeconomic factors. We hypothesized that a mobile screening unit would improve access and confer the benefits demonstrated by the NLST to this underserved group, which is most at risk of lung cancer deaths.

Patients and Methods

We created a mobile unit by building a Samsung BodyTom portable 32-slice low-dose CT scanner into a 35-foot coach; it delivers high-quality images for both soft tissue and bone and includes a waiting area and high-speed wireless internet connection for fast image transfer. The unit was extensively tested to show robustness and stability of mobile equipment. This project was designed to screen uninsured and underinsured patients, otherwise with eligibility criteria identical to that of the National Lung Screening Trial, with the only difference being exclusion of patients eligible for Medicare (which provides financial coverage for CT-based lung cancer screening).

Results

We screened 550 patients (20% black, 3% Hispanic, 70% rural) with a male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1, median age 61 years (range, 55–64), and found 12 lung cancers at initial screen (2.2%), including 6 at stage I–II (58% of total lung cancers early stage) and 38 Lung-RADS 4 (highly suspicious) lesions that are being followed closely. Incidental findings included nonlung cancers and coronary artery disease.

Discussion

In this initial pilot study, using the first mobile low-dose whole body CT screening unit in the U.S., the initial cancer detection rate is comparable to that reported in the NLST, despite excluding patients over the age of 64 years who have Medicare coverage, but with marked improvement of screening rates specifically in underserved sociodemographic, racial, and ethnic groups and with better outcomes than conventionally found in the underserved and at lower cost per case.

Implications for Practice

This study shows clearly that a mobile low-dose CT scanning unit allows effective lung cancer screening for underserved populations, such as impoverished African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, or isolated rural groups, and has a pick-up rate of 1% for early stage disease. If confirmed in a planned randomized trial, this will be policy changing, as these groups usually present with advanced disease; this approach will produce better survival data at lower cost per case.
Bacteria and yeast isolation and characterisation from a South African fermented beverage
Authors: Moodley Sanchia S. , Dlamini Nomusa R. , Steenkamp Lucia , Buys Elna
Published: November 2019

Spontaneous fermentation of motoho, a southern African non-alcoholic sorghum beverage, results in products with inconsistent microbiological and sensory quality. We aimed to identify the microorganisms involved in the fermentation of motoho by using culture-dependent techniques as well as culture-independent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight analysis (MALDI-TOF). Lactobacillus, Candida, Rhodotorula and Geotrichum species were identified. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to evaluate the protein profiles of the isolated Lactobacillus species which produced protein bands of 14 kDa to 160 kDa, similar to those of other lactic acid bacteria isolated from various foods. A sensory panel evaluated and found significant differences (p<0.05) between the mouth feel, aroma and flavour of the traditional and modified motoho, with the latter being preferred. The microorganisms identified in this study could be used as starter cultures to optimise upscaled production of motoho.

Significance:

Traditionally fermented products have variable quality and the microorganisms isolated in this study could be used to decrease the variability in this fermented sorghum beverage.
Examination cheating: Risks to the quality and integrity of higher education
Authors: Baijnath Narend , Singh Divya
Published: November 2019

We examine the exigencies and impact of examination cheating, focusing specifically on the prevalence and risk of cheating taking place in examination venues. We document the problem with global coverage and note the consistency of the scourge and highlight the different approaches of institutions to dealing with the risk. Stressing the prejudice arising from examination cheating to both universities specifically and society generally, one of the root causes of the risk, namely the moral compass and ethical norms of university students and the societies in which they function, is discussed. The innovation of students when working out cheating practices and the facilitating effects of technology are considered as a backdrop to exemplars of good practices that have been implemented to mitigate the reality and risk of examination fraud. Recognising examination cheating as a fraud on society and a critical risk to university reputation, we question whether university leadership recognises the risk and gives it adequate (and responsible) emphasis in strategic and operational organisational risk identification and management.

Significance:

Cheating in examinations, and especially in the examination venue, is a global scourge. A comparison of global good practices is presented which provides a framework for institutional discussion to begin to address and transparently deal with the issues and impact of examination cheating.

Acknowledging technology as one of the significant enablers of examination fraud and noting the constraints confronting universities, there is nevertheless a critical need for institutions to mitigate the risk. In not doing so, universities, which are fundamentally supported by the fiscus and public taxpayers, are committing a fraud on society.

The attitude of some students and academic staff, as well as public perceptions to examination cheating raise the lid on a moral decay that is beginning to manifest in society globally.

Universities are challenged to address the issue of examination cheating proactively, openly and honestly. The repercussions of failing to do so are highlighted and exemplars are provided of what can and has already been tried and tested to mitigate the risks.
Assessment, plagiarism and its effect on academic integrity: Experiences of academics at a university in South Africa
Authors: Mahabeer Pryah , Pirtheepal Tashmika
Published: November 2019

The quality of teaching, learning and assessment is compromised by the growing problem of academic dishonesty, especially in large class sizes as a result of the ‘massification’ of education. In South Africa and around the world, student plagiarism and cheating has become a matter of concern, especially when it comes to teaching large classes. This concern has received much attention as it impacts negatively on the maintenance of academic standards and integrity at many universities. Academics have a major role to play in the process of maintaining academic integrity. Through an ‘interpretivist’ and qualitative approach, we explored the experiences of three emerging academics within the Discipline of Curriculum Studies at a university in South Africa. We used Pinar’s method of currere as a lens that focuses on academics’ experiences of assessment and plagiarism in teaching large classes and its effect on academic integrity. The findings suggest that although ‘massification’ of education in South Africa is commended for addressing past social injustices and for facilitating accessibility to education, quality teaching and learning including assessment is seriously compromised. This demands a serious rethink of assessment strategies to deter academic dishonesty, and a reconsideration of the way academics and institutions think about plagiarism detection tools in teaching large classes.

Significance:

Understanding academics’ experiences of assessment and addressing the growing problem of plagiarism can contribute significantly to efforts towards improving teaching and assessment practices in large classes, and to upholding academic honesty within higher education institutions in South Africa.

A rethink of effective assessment strategies is needed to provide a worthwhile quality educational experience. In the context of this study, ethics within the teacher education curriculum should be prioritised.
Eficacia del programa ¡Qué importante es tributar! en el desarrollo de cultura tributaria en adolescentes
Authors: Condori Loayza Samuel , Mamani Benito Oscar , Bernedo Moreira David Hugo
Published: November 2019

El presente estudio tuvo el objetivo de determinar la eficacia del programa educativo ¡Qué importante es tributar! orientado a desarrollar conocimientos y actitudes favorables sobre cultura tributaria en estudiantes de secundaria de una institución educativa privada de Juliaca. La investigación se enmarca en un diseño cuasi-experimental con evaluación pre y post intervención, en el cual los participantes fueron distribuidos en dos grupos: experimental (GE = 30) y control (GC = 30). En este caso, fue el GE quien recibió un total de 10 sesiones educativas distribuidas en 3 módulos: conocimientos, percepción y actitudes. Para determinar la eficacia del programa se aplicó un cuestionario que medía la cultura tributaria utilizada en una investigación similar y validada por expertos en educación financiera. Los resultados indican que antes de la intervención seis participantes del GE (20%) demostraron conocimientos sobre cultura tributaria a nivel bajo, 19 a nivel moderado (63.3%) y cinco a nivel alto (16.7%); luego de la intervención, ninguno demostró un nivel bajo, 19 un nivel moderado (63.3%) y 11 un nivel alto. Según la prueba de hipótesis, el estadístico t de student reveló diferencias significativas entre los puntajes hallados antes y después de la intervención (t = -7.509, p < .05), mientras que las diferencias en el grupo control fueron porcentuales mas no significativas (t = .648, p > .05). Se concluye que el programa educativo incrementó positivamente conocimientos, percepciones y actitudes favorables hacia la cultura tributaria en adolescentes, a fin de promover el cumplimiento ético de las obligaciones tributarias.
SİNOP YÖRESEL MUTFAĞININ UNUTULMAYA YÜZ TUTMUŞ TATLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: SEÇİM Yılmaz , GENÇ Nadide Afra
Published: November 2019

Türk mutfağı sahip olduğu kültürel değerleri ve çeşitliliği ile
gastronomi turizminde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Türk mutfağında önemli bir yere
sahip olan Karadeniz mutfağı geçmişten günümüze fazla değişiklik göstermeden
gelmiş mutfaklar arasındadır. Karadeniz’de yaşayan halk tarafından geçmişten
yapılan, halen üretimi ve tüketimi devam eden birçok ürün sofralarda tercih
edilmeye devam etmektedir. Sinop mutfağı da Karadeniz bölgesini temsil eden
önemli bir mutfak konumundadır. Sinop mutfağında ağırlıklı olarak et
yemeklerinin tüketildiği, denize kıyısı olmasında dolayı balıkçılık
faaliyetlerinin geliştiği, mantarların ormandan taze olarak toplandığı ve
tahıllarla yapılan yemeklerin tüketildiği bilinmektedir. Sinop mutfağında,
kış sebzelerinin yanı sıra ayva ve kestane gibi meyvelerin de yemeklerde
kullanılmaktadır. Çalışma 2019 ağustos ve eylül
ayları arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sırasında konunun temeline
inebilmek amacıyla mülakat tekniği kullanılmıştır. Sinop mutfağı hakkında
bilgisi olan gönüllü 30 kişiyle görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşme
yapılacak kişilerin Sinoplu olmasına ve Sinop’ta ikamet etmesine dikkat
edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Sinop mutfağında olan ve tüketimi geçmişte evlerde
sıklıkla yapılan yemekler (Sinop mantısı, ıslama, etli nohut, nohutlu tavuk, keşkek,
tuzlu balık, balık yahnisi, ördek dolması, sirkeli patlıcan, soğan aşı, katlama,
Boyabat pidesi, unlu basma vb.) tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda tespit
edilen lezzetlerin reçeteleri çıkartılarak kayıt altına alınmıştır. Unutulmaya
yüz tutmuş yöresel yemeklere dikkat çekilerek bölgenin gastronomi turizminde
farkındalık yaratabileceği düşünülmektedir.
IMPLEMENTATION OF POLYCHRONICITY BEHAVIOR IN FRONTLINE EMPLOYEES PT. TAMAN WISATA CANDI BOROBUDUR
Authors: Andriani Rian , Sembiring Nur Hawai
Published: November 2019

ABSTRAKCandi Borobudur merupakan candi atau kuil Buddha terbesar di dunia berbentuk tumpukan stupa dengan tinggi 42 meter dan memiliki relief dengan panjang lebih dari 1 kilometer yang terletak di Kota Magelang, provinsi Jawa Tengah yang dikelola oleh PT. Taman Wisata Candi Borobudur. Candi Borobudur tidak hanya menjadi tempat ibadah namun menjadi tempat wisata sejarah yang di kelola oleh PT. Taman wisata Candi Borobudur, Prambanan dan Ratu Boko. Faktor tersebut yang menuntut manajemen Candi Borobudur untuk memberikan service excellent kepada pengunjung, terutama pada divisi frontline yang berinteraksi langsung dengan pengunjung. Upaya memaksimalkan faktor service exellent melalui karyawan frontline dapat dilaksanakan dengan memiliki polychronicity behavior. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas polychronicity behavior dalam meningkatkan kualitas service exellent. Melalui observasi yang mendalam, peneliti mendapatkan hasil temuan bahwa sebagian besar karyawan Frontline mampu menjalankan polychronicity behavior. Kendala utama dalam pelaksanaan polychronicity behavior adalah faktor usia dan tingkat pendidikan karyawan frontline. Kata Kunci: polychronicity behavior, karyawan frontline, candi Borobudur IMPLEMENTATION OF POLYCHRONICITY BEHAVIOR IN FRONTLINE EMPLOYEES PT. TAMAN WISATA CANDI BOROBUDUR  ABSTRACTBorobudur Temple is the largest Buddhist temple in the world in the form of a pile of 42 meters high stupa and more than 1 kilometer long relief located in the city of Magelang, Central Java province. Borobudur Temple is not only a place of worship but a historical tourist place managed by PT. Borobudur Temple tourism park, besides Prambanan and Ratu Boko. This factor demands the management of Borobudur Temple to provide excellent service to visitors, especially in the frontline division that interacts directly with visitors. Efforts to maximize exellent service factors through frontline employees can be implemented by having a polychronicity behavior. The researcher used descriptive qualitative research methods in this study to determine the effectiveness of polychronicity behavior in improving exellent service quality. Through in-depth observation, the researchers obtained findings that most Frontline employees were able to carry out polychronicity behavior. The main obstacle in the implementation of the polychronicity behavior is the age and education level of frontline employees.Keywords: polychronicity behavior, frontline employees, Borobudur temple