bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Amoebic Liver Abscess
Authors: Gupta Sanjay , Verma Amit , Sarda Prashant
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND Amoebic liver abscess is a common clinical problem, encountered in clinical practice. There is sparse literature about socio epidemiological and current clinical trends and treatment outcomes. The current article describes the outcomes in a prospectively studied cohort of patients from a tertiary referral centre from Himalayan foothills and Sub Himalayan Gangetic plains of North India. METHODS 101 prospectively enrolled, serial patients, fulfilling the criteria for amoebic liver abscesses were included in the study to evaluate the socio epidemiological, clinical variables and abscess outcomes. The intervention done for abscesses requiring drainage (one-time aspiration vs. indwelling catheter drainage) was mainly dependent upon the content of liquefied pus in the abscess cavity rather than absolute size of the abscess. The colour of the aspirated pus and final outcomes of patients were recorded. RESULTS There were 9.75 cases of lever abscess per 10,000 hospital admissions, similar to the trends reported from other endemic regions. While the socio epidemiological and clinical variables remained unchanged for the last 60 years, the clinical outcome has dramatically improved. The average volume of the abscess noted in the study appeared smaller than the average volume of the abscess noted in earlier studies, possibly suggesting early diagnosis. About 1 / 3 rd abscess were noted to be complicated, either with symptomatic pleural effusion (29) or rupture (5 / 101) and correlated significantly with socio economic status and history of alcoholism. There was no statistical difference in the average volume of the abscess cavity, in patients managed either with one-time aspiration or indwelling catheter drainage. All patients had excellent outcome. None of the patients required surgery and there was no mortality. CONCLUSIONS While there is no change in the epidemiology of amoebic liver abscess, there is a marked change in the outcome, and amoebic abscess is a potentially curable disease. KEYWORDS Amoebic Liver Abscess; Catheter Drainage
Feasibility of Laparoscopic Intraoperative Cholangiogram in Patients with Intermediate Risk for Choledocholithiasis
Authors: G.K. Adithya , Jindal Satya Prakash , Madaan Varun , Hukkeri Vachan , Gupta Rigved , Tandon Vivek , Govil Deepak
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND Intra-Operative Cholangiogram (IOC) is a procedure carried out during cholecystectomy with the primary objective of clearly delineating the biliary anatomy. Over decades, routine IOC became selective IOC and now it is being overtaken by less invasive investigations like MRCP and EUS. Role of IOC remains only to intraoperatively confirm or rule out bile duct injury in difficult cases. Laparoscopic IOC is a skilful procedure which requires training and extra added time during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Once mastered it can be used in many situations for either anatomical reasons or to detect CBD pathology. METHODS All patients getting admitted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intermediate risk for choledocholithiasis were enrolled in the study from 2016 to 2019. Procedure was carried out with all necessary consents and precautions. All cases were performed by an experienced GI surgeon and followed up with proper protocol. RESULTS Fifty patients with known intermediate risk for choledocholithiasis underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with laparoscopic IOC. Procedure was successfully done in all patients except two, where cystic duct was very thin and cannulation was not possible. Forty-one (82%) patients had deranged liver function test and 9 patients (18%) had history of acute pancreatitis in the past as indications for the procedure. Two patients had dilated CBD (>6 mm) on ultrasound along with deranged liver function tests. An average of 12 minutes was taken to perform the procedure (range: 8 - 15 min). In cases where IOC took longer time was mainly due to technical issues (operability of C-arm). No IOC related complications occurred in any of the patients. Hospital stay was not prolonged in any of the patients due to IOC. None of the patients had any filling defect in CBD. All cases followed till date are asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS It is a technically feasible procedure that can be performed with limited addition to OT time, minimal failure rate, and complications. All patients with limited criteria for intermediate risk of choledocholithiasis had a normal IOC with no evidence of biliary obstruction in follow up. KEYWORDS Laparoscopic Intraoperative Cholangiogram, Intermediate Risk, CBD Stones
A Clinical Study of Secondary Glaucoma with Special Reference to Its Proportion, Causes and Its Risk Factors in a Tertiary Care Hospital - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Chakma Partha , Pal Debal Kisor , Chakma Amar Kanti
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND Secondary glaucoma is an anatomically identifiable abnormality which in turn is an underlying cause of the events that lead to aqueous outflow obstruction and rise in the intraocular pressure. This prospective study mainly highlights the secondary glaucoma with special reference to its proportion, causes and its risk factors in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS This study was a cross sectional study. Patients, who attended the Department of Ophthalmology after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria diagnosed with secondary glaucoma, were included in the study. The study period was from February 2018 to June 2020. A standard form was filled up for each patient documenting parameters and findings of various examinations and was evaluated as per protocol. RESULTS Secondary glaucoma was seen in 0.2 % patients who visited during the study period. Out of 106 patients, males were 50, females were 56, with a male: female ratio of 1:1.1. The most common cause of secondary glaucoma was lens induced glaucoma seen in 44.34 % followed by uveitic glaucoma in 20.8 % cases, traumatic 17.9 %, neovascular 10.4 %, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma 2.8 %, pigmentary glaucoma 1.9 %, silicon oil induced 0.9 %, and uveitis-glaucomahyphema syndrome in 0.9 % cases. Around thirty five percent (34.9 %) cases presented with sudden onset of painful diminution of vision with nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSIONS Secondary glaucoma is still one of the prevalent diseases in this part of country. Lens induced glaucoma is still the most common cause of secondary glaucoma. Hypermature cataract, uveitis, trauma and neovascularisation are the different risk factors. KEYWORDS Secondary Glaucoma, Lens Induced Glaucoma, Phacomorphic Glaucoma, Uveitic Glaucoma
Theoretical aspects of the effectiveness of economic damage assessment in the field of environmental auditing: problems and solutions
Authors: Gadzhiev N. G. , Konovalenko S. A. , Trofimov M. N. , Akhmedova Kh. G. , Gadzhidadaev M. Z. , Gadzhieva U. A.
Published: January 2021

Aim. The aim of the research has been: to study the theoretical basis of the application of assessment of economic damage from environmental pollution in the field of environmental auditing and accounting, to identify problems in existing methods and approaches and to propose specific ways to solve them taking into account current legislation and international experience.Material and Methods. The research carried out by the authors was based on the provisions of current legal regulations in the fields of environmental safety and environmental protection, damage assessment in the environmental sphere together with data from scientific articles by both domestic and foreign experts in the field of environmental auditing. The study was conducted using theoretical methods of research including analysis, deduction and prediction.Results. The authors propose moving away from traditional cost (taxation) methods to the consolidation in regulatory practice of a single approach to the assessment of economic damage taking into account actuarial valuation methodology, application of sanctions instruments to those unscrupulously infringing environmental regulations and the possibility of discounting the costs of restoring the environment and damage done to public health.Conclusion. Adoption of common approaches and principles in the assessment of economic damage will help eliminate negative manipulations when imposing economic sanctions on those unscrupulously engaged in activities impacting on the environment and will provide an opportunity to improve the environmental situation and public health in the long term.
Click beetles of the genus Melanotus Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera, Elateridae) in the collection of the Institute of Zoology of the Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology of Armenia
Authors: Marjanyan M. A. , Avetisyan A. A.
Published: January 2021

Aim. The study of the genus Melanotus from the collection of the Institute of Zoology of the Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia taking into account new taxonomic and chorological data.Material and Methods. Scientific material was identified after desktop processing and preparation of genitalia according to current data on the genus Melanotus.Results and Conclusion. We determined 21 species of the genus Melanotus in the collection from Europe, the Caucasus and Middle Asia, 12 species being recorded from the territory of Armenia. The collection of the genus Мelanotus in the Institute of Zoology includes species endemic to Armenia (M. gedeoni Mardjanyan, 2015, M. platiai Mardjanyan, 2015, M. khnzoriani Mardjanyan, 2015), to Tajikistan (M. fragilloides Dolin, 1988, M. vidualis Gurjeva, 1988) and to Iran (M. dichroides Platia & Gudenzi, 1999, M. richterae Mardjanyan, 2015). Three species, M. castanipes Paykull, 1800, M. fulvus Reitter, 1891 and M. sladkovi Dolin & Atamuradov, 1986 are recorded for the first time for Armenia. M. rustamovi Dolin & Atamuradov, 1987 is the first record for Tajikistan and M. persimilis Dolin & Latifi, 1988 for Turkmenistan.
The ctenophore Beroe cf. ovata in the Caspian Sea. The beginning of a new stage in the evolution of the Caspian ecosystem?
Authors: Vostokov S. V. , Gadzhiev A. A. , Vostokova A. S. , Rabazanov N. I.
Published: January 2021

Aim. Analysis of the first data regarding the arrival of the predatory ctenophore Beroe cf. ovata in the Caspian Sea and assessment of possible effects of its introduction for the Caspian ecosystem.Material and Methods. The material was obtained in the deep-water region of the western shelf of the middle Caspian Sea in the first ten days of October 2020. Zooplankton samples were collected using a Juday plankton net (0.1 m2 opening, 180 μm mesh size). Large ctenophores were collected using a big cone plankton net (CB) with a 0.5 m2 opening, 500 μm mesh size. Samples were taken at five stations in the 0-40 m layer. Combs larger than 5 mm were counted and measured on board the ship. The number and size of small ctenophores, larvae and eggs were determined in zooplankton samples fixed with formalin to a final concentration of 4%.Results. The presence of a new alien Beroe cf. ovata was recorded in the Dagestan shelf waters of the Caspian Sea in the beginning of October 2020. The average number of Beroe cf. ovata for five stations was 22 ind/m2 and the biomass was 6.15 g/m2. Larvae and small individuals from 5 to 20 mm in size predominated. Mnemiopsis leidyi was absent in the area investigated. The structure of mesozooplankton was dominated by the small copepod Acartia tonsa, which accounted for 92% of the zooplankton community and 78% of its biomass.Conclusion. The size structure of the B. ovata population with a predominance of larvae and small individuals indicates a recently completed breeding cycle and adaptation of the ctenophore to the conditions of the Caspian Sea. The first impacts of the new invasive ctenophore on the population of M. leidyi were demonstrated. This event may be the beginning of a new stage in the evolution of the Caspian Sea ecosystem and the restoration of its bio resources affected by the invasion of Mnemiopsis leidyi. The structure of mesozooplankton with total dominance, in abundance and biomass, of the small copepod Acartia tonsa did not differ from that in the previous period, indicating that the Caspian zoocenosis did not respond to the short-term reduction of the impact of M. leidyi. A brief analysis of the history of the introduction of ctenophores to the Black and Caspian Seas is presented and their impact on ecosystems and biological resources of these seas is studied. Based on longterm observations of the invasive ctenophores' interactions in the Black Sea, the possible outcomes of the penetration of Beroe cf. ovata in the Caspian Sea are discussed.
Структура и оценка состояния древесных пород буковых лесов Дагестана
Authors: Aliev Kh. U. , Soltanmuradova Z. I. , Akhmedova K. I.
Published: January 2021

Aim. To identify the structural features and assess the current condition of woody species in the beech forests of Dagestan, Russia.

Material and Methods. Research was based on the analysis of data from 69 sampling areas located in various physical-geographical regions of Dagestan. A detailed accounting of individual specimens of all age groups of each species was undertaken in the sampling areas. The total area surveyed was 43,125 m2. In total, 11,446 individuals of different species were involved in the statistical analysis, of which 1,974 form a tree tier, in which each individual is evaluated according to a scale of condition categories.

Results. A study of the structure of beech forests showed the participation rate of Fagus orientalis Lipsky to be from 7.5 to 8.5 points. The average age of the upper sub-level of beech in the foothills was 110 years and in the highlands 160 years. For most woody species the age spectrum was sinistral and incomplete. Beech with a full-membered age spectrum were observed in the beech forests of the southwestern sub-region and in the high mountain region. A general trend is observed of deterioration of the condition of individuals in the transition from the upper to the lower sub-level. The average condition of beech individuals within the tree tier is 1.4 points. The condition categories of other species are characterized as being generally closer to 'weakened'.

Conclusion. The results obtained regarding the structure and condition of woody species in the beech forests of Dagestan confirm the highly edifying role of beech. The greatest negative impact is exerted by the anthropogenic factor, which is confirmed by the incompleteness of the beech age spectrum and the low participation rate of the old-growth generative group and of the post-generative period.
Synopsis of the macrofungi (Basidiomycota) on wood of fruit trees in the Central Black Earth Region of Russia
Authors: Volobuev S. V. , Bolshakov S. Yu. , Shakhova N. V.
Published: January 2021

Aim. To summarise and analyse data on the species diversity, distribution and substrate spectra of wood-inhabiting basidial macromycetes growing on fruit trees in the Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk, Oryol and Tambov Regions.Material and Methods. The work involved a critical examination of literature sources, LE, OHHI, and VU herbaria. We undertook field researches in 2019-2020, identified specimens collected based on light microscopy techniques and isolated the basidial fungi in a pure culture.Results. Data on 97 species of basidial macrofungi from 68 genera associated withMalus, PyrusandPrunuswood in the Central Black Earth Region are summarised.Antrodia serpensandCeriporia torpidaare newly known to Russia. 65 new dikaryot-ic strains for 22 species of Agaricomycetes have been introduced into the LE-BIN. A total of 65 species are associated with Malus, 34 species withPyrusand 29 species withPrunus. Five species (Lyomyces crustosus, Stereum hirsutum, Trametes hirsuta, T. ochraceaandT. versicolor) grow on all three genera of host. These species specialise in fruit trees includeSarcodontia croceaandPhellinus pomaceus.Conclusion. Pathogenic activity has been clearly observed for 32 species of fungi found on trunks and branches of living trees, causing necrosis and trunk rot. Furthermore, it is recommended that regular phytopathological monitoring of orchards should be carried out, taking the group of xylotrophic fungi into account.
Morphometric Characteristics of the Portal Vein According to Multispiral Computed Tomography
Authors: Kolsanov A. V. , Myakotnykh M. N. , Mironov A. A. , Kanaev E. I.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the variability of the linear dimensions of the portal vein depending on gender and age. In modern foreign and Russian literature, there is no uniform information about the variant portal vein anatomy. Data on the extreme forms and on the range of anatomical differences in the portal vein vary considerably. All this requires the need for a more detailed study of the morphometric characteristics of the portal vein branch. Computed tomography, in contrast to dissection on a corpse, allows an in vivo study of various morphometric characteristics of the portal vein.

The aim of the study is to identify patterns of variability in the linear dimensions of the portal vein in persons of different sex and age.

Material and methods. The study material consisted of multispiral computed tomography images of the abdominal cavity with contrast enhancement taken in 100 patients. The study included results of 56 men and 44 women, divided into 4 age groups: 1) first mature age, 2) second mature age, 3) the elderly, 4) the senile. The length of the portal vein was measured between the angle formed at the junction of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins and the angle formed by the branches of the portal vein at the hepatic hilum. The diameter of the vessel was measured at the midpoint of the distance between the proximal and distal points.

Results. The length of the portal vein in the general sample was 66.45±8.49 mm, and its diameter was 11.84±1.93 mm. In women, the length of the portal vein was 64.37±6.6 mm, and its diameter was 11.33±1.83 mm, respectively. In men, both the length and diameter of the black vein were significantly greater than in women and constituted 68.09±9.4 mm and 12.24±1.91 mm, respectively. No statistically significant correlation of the studied parameters with age was detected.
Structural and Functional Changes in Prolactin Endocrinocytes of the Anterior Pituitary Gland in the Process of Reparative Osteogenesis of Long Tubular Bones
Authors: Mikhanov V. A. , Polyakova V. S. , Meshcheryakov K. N. , Mkhitaryan E. E. , Kozhanova T. G. , Bakaeva N. R. , Sipailova O. Yu.
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study is to investigate the numerical composition and dynamics of structural and functional changes in prolactin cells of the anterior pituitary gland during reparative regeneration of long tubular bones.

Material and methods. The study included 40 Wistar rats. A transverse fracture of the middle third of the tibial shaft was simulated in the animals of the experimental group. Cells of the fracture area and the distal part of the adenohypophysis were studied using methods of light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and morphometry on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 44th and 61st days.

Results. The study results demonstrated that in male rats of the control group, the percentage of prolactin cells in the adenohypophysis was 7.26±0.51%. During the fracture healing of the long tubular bone in rats, there were 2 stages of stress activation of the compensatory-adaptive potencies of the prolactin endocrinocyte adenohypophysis cluster with related changes in their structures: on the 1st–3rd days (the bone fracture effect on the body with the development of post-traumatic acute inflammation) and on the 14th–21st days (peak of chondroclast lytic activity with massive chondrolysis of cartilaginous callus).

Conclusion. Thus, the importance of prolactin as a stress mediator and the need for its participation in the regulation of stress metabolic changes are evidenced. At the same time, it becomes clear that with a pronounced acute stress effect; in this study it is represented by an open fracture, even the onset of a stress response can be manifested by a maladjustment of the lactotropic activity of the adenohypophysis, which is accompanied by an early "depletion" of its structural and functional reserves and a breakdown of compensatory-adaptive potencies right on the 1st day.
Pathomorphological and Molecular Biological Aspects of Blood Vessel Injury in COVID-19
Authors: Esaulenko I. E. , Nikityuk D. B. , Alexeeva N. T. , Shevchenko A. A. , Sokolov D. A. , Klochkova S. V. , Kvaratskheliya A. G. , Filin A. A. , Tutel'yan V. A.
Published: January 2021

The coronavirus infection, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 is associated not only with a wide range of respiratory syndromes, but also with a pronounced destructive effect on the blood vessels of the whole body. Age and concomitant pathology predispose to a more severe course of the disease. Endothelial damage, widespread vasculitis and thrombosis can be distinguished as general nonspecific pathomorphological changes developing in blood vessels under the influence of SARS-CoV-2. For the blood vessels of the lungs, in addition to alteration of the endothelium and thrombosis, angiogenesis of the cleaving (invagination) type was typical. The general mechanism of alteration of blood vessels and the development of vasculopathy is the direct cytopathic effect of the virus on endotheliocytes and immune-mediated damage to the endothelium, manifested by the development of endotheliitis, destruction of intercellular contacts of endothelial cells, their swelling and separation from the basement membrane, accompanied by endo- and perivascular inflammation. Molecular biological mechanisms of virus invasion involve various ways of its penetration into the cell and various forms of development of the inflammatory response with the participation of innate and acquired immunity reactions.
Effect of Two Educational Interventions Regarding the Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries on Mothers of 8-Year-Old Children
Authors: Razeghi Samaneh , Mohebbi1 Simin Zahra , Mahmoudi Mohammad , Ahmadian Mina , Kharazifard Mohammad Javad
Published: January 2021

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of two educational interventions on knowledge and self-reported practice of mothers of 8-year-old children regarding emergency management of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs).
Materials and Methods: Six public elementary schools (girls and boys) in Tehran were randomly selected. The mothers of 8-year-old students at each school were randomly assigned to three groups: intervention by poster, intervention by pamphlet, and control. An anonymous valid and reliable questionnaire, including demographics, previous experience on TDIs, mothers’ knowledge, and self-reported practice about emergency management of TDIs was provided to the mothers. After collecting the questionnaires, educational interventions by poster and pamphlet with similar contents regarding step-by-step emergency management of TDIs were performed for the target groups. Three months after the interventions, the same questionnaire was completed by the mothers. The results of pre-test and post-test were compared.
Results: Totally, 201 mothers participated in this study. The mean knowledge score significantly increased in the pamphlet group after the intervention, while this change was not significant in the poster and control groups (P>0.05). The mean knowledge score was significantly higher in the pamphlet group than the poster group (P=0.009). The mean self-reported practice score significantly increased after the intervention in both intervention groups (P<0.05) but not in the control group. There was no significant difference in the mean self-reported practice score between the two intervention groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Both pamphlet and poster were equally effective in improving the self-reported practice of mothers regarding TDIs, which highlights the significance of educating mothers.
Effect of Hydroxyapatite on Surface Roughness of Zirconomer, and Conventional and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers
Authors: Sharafeddin Farahnaz , Bahrani Somaye
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are among the most popular dental restorative materials, but their use is limited due to their clinical disadvantages. Many efforts have been made to improve the properties of these materials by adding various fillers. Incorporation of hydroxyapatite (HA) into the GICs is considered to improve the physical properties of restorations, and may prevent treatment failure. This study aimed to evaluate the surface roughness (Ra) of a conventional glass ionomer cement (CGIC), a resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) and a Zirconomer with and without micro-hydroxyapatite (µHA).
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 6 groups (n=10) including CGIC, CGIC + µHA, RMGI, RMGI + µHA, Zirconomer, and Zirconomer + µHA. A total of 60 disc-shaped samples (6 mm × 2 mm) were prepared in plastic molds and were stored in distilled water for 24 h. After polishing of the specimens, their Ra was measured by a profilometer in micrometers (µm). The data were analyzed using two and one-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD test, and independent t-test.
Results: Incorporation of µHA resulted in statistically significant differences in Ra between the study groups (P<0.05). Following the incorporation of µHA, the Ra significantly decreased in CGIC (P=0.013) and Zirconomer (P=0.003). However, addition of µHA to RMGI resulted in a significant increase in its Ra (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Addition of µHA decreased the Ra of Zirconomer and CGIC, and increased the surface roughness of RMGI samples.
Human Action Recognition in Videos using a Robust CNN LSTM Approach
Authors: Orozco Carlos Ismael , Xamena Eduardo , Buemi María Elena , Berlles Julio Jacobo
Published: January 2021

Action recognition in videos is currently a topic of interest in the area of computer vision, due to potential applications such as: multimedia indexing, surveillance in public spaces, among others. In this paper we propose (1) Implement a CNN–LSTM architecture. First, a pre-trained VGG16 convolutional neural network extracts the features of the input video. Then, an LSTM classifies the video in a particular class. (2) Study how the number of LSTM units affects the performance of the system. To carry out the training and test phases, we used the KTH, UCF-11 and HMDB-51 datasets. (3) Evaluate the performance of our system using accuracy as evaluation metric. We obtain 93%, 91% and 47% accuracy respectively for each dataset.
The Effect of True Shallot Seed (TSS) Varieties and Population on Growth and Bulb Yield
Authors: Devy Nirmala F. , . Hardiyanto , Syah Jawal A. , Setyani R. , . Puspitasari
Published: January 2021

Background: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the growth and bulb yield of shallot (Allium cepa L.) varieties grown by TSS with different population. Methods: This study was carried out in the low dry land at Laleten Village, Malaka District, NTT Province, Indonesia, from March to August 2018. We investigated different plant populations per planting hole using a split-plot design with two factors and four replications. The main plot was the varieties (Trisula and Bima Brebes) and the subplots were the seedling population (100, 200 and 300 plants/m2). Result: There was no interaction between varieties and population for any of the measured parameters. The population only affected the plant height at the beginning of plant growth. A high plant population (300 plants/m2) gave the highest production of single bulbs but was negatively correlated with the bulb weight. Trisula variety produced significantly more single bulbs than the Bima Brebes one. The establishment of the TSS-adapted varieties could be recommended in this area.
Búsquedas estéticas para el afecto y la desafección. La memoria de hijos de sobrevivientes y desaparecidos en Chile y Argentina
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Gallardo Milena , Saban Karen ,   Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Instituto de Romanística-Departamento de Filología Hispanoamericana
Published: January 2021

Using a methodological framework based on cultural studies concerning transgenerational memory and trauma, on the one hand, and theoretical contributions on affection and emotions, on the other, this article analyzes and compares a series of novels and films written and made by Chilean and Argentine novelists and filmmakers in which they reflect on exile, forced disappearance and the violence perpetrated by the dictatorships of the Southern Cone. In particular, it investigates the way in which affection is encoded in the contemporary literary and audiovisual production of these sons and daughters of the disappeared and of former militants. For this purpose, the relationships of tension, resignification, dialogue and / or questioning about the role of fathers and mothers in the lives of these children and their configuration in some illustrative works are analyzed. We begin with a consideration of the compositional and formal resources of these stories in order to then, on an interpretive level, link these aesthetic decisions with different strategies that are used to deal with the complex situations experienced in childhood and with relationships with parents. Finally, the interpretation leads to identifying different aesthetic choices and possible resolutions related to the affective world that help to promote memory and build a present and an identity.
Ensayo literario: hacia una teoría de la traducción
Authors:   Universidad Industrial de Santander, Colombia, Bernal Nathaly , Armando Arciniegas Hugo ,   Universidad Industrial de Santander, Colombia
Published: January 2021

This article aims to contribute to the theoretical systematization of constituent aspects of the essay, in order to consider them in the practice of translation of this genre: argumentative superstructure, essayist narrator, ethical responsibility, generic hybridity, cultural references, and figures of speech and thought. To this end, we introduce a critical conceptualization of the essay and we review the theoretical-critical field of literary translation, both of traditional genres and of the essay, on which there are considerably less studies. We conclude that the identification and translation of these features result in the preservation of the stylistic and argumentative intentions of the essayist narrator, via which the translation constitutes an instance of ethical responsibility, both towards the author of the source text and the reader of the target text.
Romatolojik hastalıklarda tuzak nöropatileri: Epidemiyoloji, tanı ve ayırıcı tanı
Authors: YAĞIZ ON Arzu
Published: January 2021

Romatolojik hastalıklarda sinovyum, ligament, tendon ve bursaların inflamasyonuna ve eklem deformitelerine bağlı olarak, periferik sinirlerin mekanik kompresyona uğramaları nedeniyle tuzak nöropatileri sıklıkla görülmektedir. Klinik, tanı ve tedavi romatolojik hastalığı olmayan bireylerle benzer olmakla birlikte, ağrı ve eklem kısıtlılıkları klinik muayene ve ayırıcı tanıda güçlüklere yol açabilmektedir. En sık görülen tuzak nöropatileri karpal tünel sendromu, tarsal tünel sendromu, kübital tünel sendromu ve Morton metatarsaljisidir. Tanıda klinik bulgular ve elektrofizyolojik incelemeler esastır. Manyetik Rezonans ve Ultrasonografik görüntüleme de yardımcıdır. Ayırıcı tanıda başlıca polinöropatiler, pleksopatiler ve radikülopatiler akla gelmelidir.
Precisamos falar do “efeito balbúrdia”: um diálogo com Paulo Freire sobre o papel da extensão em tempos de ataques à educação pública
Authors: Passos Pâmella , Morgan Evelyn
Published: January 2021

Elaborado num contexto de ataques à educação pública em nosso país, o presente artigo, através de um diálogo com o livro “Extensão ou Comunicação?” de Paulo Freire, pretende refletir acerca do papel das ações extensionistas no que tange uma postura hierárquica ou dialógica dos saberes. Tendo como ponto de partida para análise, a imagem de “balbúrdia” criada em torno das instituições públicas de educação no Brasil no ano de 2019, pretendemos discutir a importância do ato de comunicar para e com a sociedade acerca das produções e fazeres dentro dos muros das Universidades, Institutos e Escolas públicas brasileiras. Assim, retomando as ideias de Paulo Freire sobre a Extensão, problematizaremos também sua construção como inimigo da educação por aqueles que sustentam discursos conservadores, de uma suposta neutralidade do ensino e que na prática se relaciona aos interesses econômicos privatistas.
Oficina multimetodológica de botânica como ação extensionista para atualização docente
Authors: Crespo Natália Deus de Oliveira , Martins Barros Danyelle De Paula , Conceição Laís Dos Santos da , Santos Chagas Wanderson Junior dos , Azevedo Neto Pedro Francisco Mota de , Da Silva Luciana Belarmindo
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo descrever a experiência de uma ação extensionista de projetos de extensão do Instituto Federal Fluminense campus Campos Centro para atualização de docentes do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ. Desta forma, foi desenvolvida uma oficina sobre Botânica empregando múltiplas metodologias didáticas (discussão de artigos, experimento, jogo, modelo didático e mapa mental). Como desdobramentos, verificamos que os docentes participaram ativamente de todas as metodologias propostas sempre curiosos e motivados. Dados obtidos pelo questionário avaliativo diagnóstico aplicado após a oficina indicam que as expectativas dos docentes com a oficina foram atendidas sendo que, 76,9% afirmaram estar muito satisfeitos com os conceitos teóricos de botânica abordados, enquanto 92,3% declararam estar muito satisfeitos em relação à contribuição da oficina para sua prática docente. Acreditamos que as atividades potencializaram a atualização docente à medida que a oficina constituiu-se num espaço para proposição/vivenciamento de metodologias didáticas diversas, além da discussão sobre a necessidade de uma prática docente reflexiva e relacionada à realidade dos alunos.
Viento del este. La URSS en la cultura militante de los comunistas españoles (1917-1968)
Authors: Abad García Eduardo
Published: January 2021

Este artículo rastrea las principales características y manifestaciones de la influencia soviética en la cultura y la memoria comunista española. Para ello, se realiza un repaso general a través de su evolución histórica desde 1917 hasta 1968. Unas décadas en las que los comunistas sufrieron importantes transformaciones y en las que la visión que tenían de la URSS fue modulándose paulatinamente en función de las distintas coyunturas. La fidelidad a los valores que encarnaba la Unión Soviética se encontraba directamente vinculada a su repertorio cultural y a su propia autopercepción como militantes comunistas.
«Una ciencia para la verdad y para el bien». Los historiadores del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y la institucionalización del orden académico franquista
Authors: Fernández Gallego Alba
Published: January 2021

Este texto aborda la conformación del CSIC en el marco del final de la guerra civil, entendida como una guerra de ocupación. La hipótesis principal es que su creación respondió a la necesidad de crear una institucionalidad propia para un Estado que nació del conflicto. Éste fue la ventana de oportunidad para que cuadros académicos que habían quedado relegados en el periodo anterior, ocupasen las instituciones académicas y de investigación. En primer lugar, se analizarán las rupturas y continuidades del CSIC en relación a las estructuras académicas anteriores y, más concretamente, la Junta para Ampliación de Estudios. En segundo lugar, se estudiarán el discurso oficial impulsado desde el organismo. Por último, se abordará de forma más concreta la producción historiográfica a través del análisis de algunas de las revistas del CSIC.
Jorge Costa Delgado, La educación política de las masas. Capital cultural y clases sociales en la Generación del 14, Madrid, Siglo XXI, 2019, 381 páginas
Authors: Núñez Rodríguez Alberto
Published: January 2021

Reseña
Francisco J. Romero Salvadó. ¿Quién mató a Eduardo Dato? Comedia política y tragedia social en España, 1892-1921. Granada, Comares, 2020, 354 páginas
Authors: González Flores Andrés
Published: January 2021

Reseña
Valoración de la Calidad Visual del Paisaje Urbano de Interés Patrimonial = Valuation of the visual quality of the urban landscape of patrimonial interest
Authors: Llanque Chana Josué Eliseo
Published: January 2021

ResumenLos centros históricos latinoamericanos, unas de las creaciones más interesantes de nuestra cultura, se enfrentan a profundas mutaciones físicas, sociales, funcionales, medioambientales y sobre todo paisajísticas. El paisaje del espacio público como lugar descubierto, generalmente rodeado de edificios, decorado por estatuas, fuentes, áreas de estancia, vegetación, etc., y destinado al embellecimiento de una ciudad, ha sido concebido para que los ciudadanos se reúnan a percibir la ciudad y a observar el espectáculo arquitectónico de sus principales edificios monumentales. El objetivo de la presente investigación es proponer una nueva metodología para la valoración de la calidad visual del paisaje urbano en áreas de interés patrimonial, considerada desde la visión, que se complementa con otros atributos físico-ambientales, visual-estéticos y socio-psicológicos. Adicionalmente, la calidad visual constituye un componente de la calidad ambiental y de la vida urbana que fomenta el sentido de pertenencia de las personas con su medio natural y construido. Su aplicación a los espacios patrimoniales latinoamericanos lo convierten en una nueva herramienta metodológica para su adaptación.AbstractThe historical centers of Latin America, some of the most interesting creations of our culture, face profound physical, social, functional, environmental and especially landscape changes. The landscape of the public space as a discovered place, generally surrounded by buildings, decorated by statues, fountains, living areas, vegetation, etc., and intended to beautify a city, has been conceived so that citizens come together to perceive the city and to observe the architectural spectacle of its main monumental buildings. The objective of this research is to propose a new methodology for the assessment of the visual quality of the urban landscape in areas of heritage interest, considered from the perspective, which is complemented with other physical-environmental, visual-aesthetic and socio-psychological attributes. Additionally, visual quality constitutes a component of environmental quality and urban life that fosters people's sense of belonging to their natural and built environment. Its application to Latin American heritage spaces make it a new methodological tool for its adaptation.
Social Conflicts in Dictyostelium discoideum : A Matter of Scales
Authors: Forget Mathieu , Adiba Sandrine , De Monte Silvia
Published: January 2021

The ’social amoeba’ Dictyostelium discoideum, where aggregation of genet- ically heterogeneous cells produces functional collective structures, epitomizes social conflicts associated with multicellular organization. ’Cheater’ populations that have a higher chance – quantified by a positive spore bias – of surviving to the next generation are selectively advantaged. Their spread is thus expected to undermine collective functions over evolutionary times. In this review, we discuss the two main approaches adopted to conceptualize social conflicts in Dictyostelium discoideum: describing spore bias as a property of cell popula- tions (strains), or as a result of individual cell choices during the developmental process. These two points of view are often held equivalent and used inter- changeably. While the population-level view allows for more direct evolutionary inference, however, the cell-level interpretation reveals that such evolutionary predictions may be modified if developmental mechanisms, such as dependence on the environment and intrinsic unpredictability of cell fate choices, are taken into account. We conclude by proposing a set of open questions that in our opinion lie at the core of a multi-scale description of aggregative life cycles, where the formulation of predictive evolutionary models would include cell-level mechanisms responsible for spore bias alongside population-level descriptors of multicellular organization.
Establishing a Smartphone Ambulatory ECG Service for Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Pre-Syncope and Palpitations
Authors: Reed Matthew J , Muir Alexandra , Cullen Julia , Murphy Ross , Pollard Valery , Zangana Goran , Krupej Sean , Askham Sylvia , Holdsworth Patricia , Davies Lauren
Published: January 2021

Background and Objectives: The IPED study showed that a smartphone-based event recorder increased the number of patients in whom an ECG was captured during symptoms over five-fold to more than 55% at 90 days compared to standard care [1] and concluded that this safe, non-invasive and easy to use device should be considered part of on-going care to all patients presenting acutely with unexplained palpitations or pre-syncope. This study reports the process of establishing a smartphone palpitation and pre-syncope service. Materials and Methods: A clinical Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) was devised, and funding was secured through a business case for the purchase of 40 AliveCor devices in the first instance. The clinic was launched on 22nd July 2019. Results: Between 22nd July 2019 and 31st October 2019, 68 patients seen in the ED with palpitations or pre-syncope were referred to SPACC. 30 were male and 38 female and mean age was 45.8 (SD 15.1) with a range from 18 to 80 years. 50 (74%) patients underwent full investigation. 7 (11%) patients were deemed on first assessment to have non-cardiac palpitations and were not fitted with the device. All patients who underwent full investigation achieved symptomatic rhythm correlation most with sinus rhythm, ventricular ectopics or bigeminy. A symptomatic cardiac dysrhythmia was detected in 6 (8.8%) patients. 3 patients had supraventricular tachycardia; SVT (4%), 2 had atrial fibrillation (3%) and 1 atrial flutter (2%). Qualitative feedback from the SPACC team suggested several areas where improvement to the clinic could be made. Conclusion: We believe a smartphone palpitation service based in ambulatory care is simple to implement and is effective at detecting cardiac dysrhythmia in ED palpitation patients.
Valproic Acid-Induced Liver Injury: A Case-Control Study from a Prospective Pharmacovigilance Program in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Seco Meseguer Enrique , Urroz Elizalde Mikel , Borobia Alberto M. , Ramírez Elena
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug extensively used for treating partial and generalised seizures, acute mania and as prophylaxis for bipolar disorder. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) persists as a significant issue related to fatal outcomes by VPA. The aim of this study was to increase our knowledge about this condition and to better identify patients affected. Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective case-control study that identified cases of DILI by VPA from the Pharmacovigilance Programme from our Laboratory Signals at La Paz University Hospital from January 2007 to December 2019. From the Therapeutic VPA Monitoring Programme, two control groups were assigned, VPA-tolerant patients and the other with patients who developed mild VPA-related hepatitis but who did not meet the DILI criteria, matched for date, age and sex. Results: A total of 60 patients were included in the study: 15 cases of DILI, 30 VPA-tolerant controls and 15 controls with mild hepatitis. Mean age for the cases was 45.7 years, 4(26.7%) were women and 5(33.34%) were children under 18 years, of them 3(20%) were fatal. Polytherapy with other antiepileptic drugs (p=0.047) and alcohol consumption (p<0.001) were associated with a greater risk of developing DILI by VPA. A diagnosis of epileptic seizure was more frequently related to DILI when compared with the VPA-tolerant controls (p<0.001). The cases developed hepatocellular hepatitis (p<0.001), while the mild hepatitis controls had a higher rate of cholestatic hepatitis (p<0.001). The laboratory lactate dehydrogenase values were statistically higher (even at baseline) in patients with DILI than in both control groups (p= 0.033 and p=0.039). Conclusions: VPA hepatotoxicity remains a considerable problem. This study offers interesting findings for characterising VPA-induced liver injury and at-risk patients.
Preliminary Modeling of Rockfall Runout: Definition of the Input Parameters for the Plugin QPROTO
Authors: Castelli Marta , Torsello Giulia , Vallero Gianmarco
Published: January 2021

The identification of the most rockfall-prone areas is the first step of the risk assessment procedure. In the case of land and urban planning, hazard and risk analyses involve large portions of territory and thus preliminary methods are preferred to define specific zones where more detailed computations are needed. To reach this goal, we developed the QGIS-based plugin QPROTO, able to quantitatively compute rockfall time-independent hazard over a three-dimensional topography on the basis of the Cone Method. This is obtained by combining kinetic energy, passing frequency and detachment propensity of each rockfall source. QPROTO requires the definition of few angles (i.e., the energy angle ϕ_p and the lateral angle α) that should take into account all the phenomena occurring during the complex block movement along the slope. The outputs of the plugin are a series of raster maps reporting the invasion zones and the quantification of both the susceptibility and the hazard. In this paper, we propose a method to relate these angles to some characteristics of the block (volume and shape) and the slope (inclination, forest density), to provide QPROTO users with a tool for estimating the input parameters. The results are validated on a series of case studies belonging to the North Western Italian Alps.
From Information and Quantum Physics to Consciousness and Reality
Authors: Verheyen Peter
Published: January 2021

How does the world around us work and what is real? This question has preoccupied humanity since its beginnings. From the 16th century onwards, it has been periodically necessary to revise the prevailing worldview. But things became very strange at the beginning of the 20th century with the advent of relativity theory and quantum physics. The current focus is on the role of information, there being a debate about whether this is ontological or epistemological. A theory has recently been formulated in which spacetime and gravity emerges from microscopic quantum information, more specifically from quantum entanglement via entanglement entropy. A latest theory describes the emergence of reality itself through first-person perspective experiences and algorithmic information theory. In quantum physics, perception and observation play a central role. Perception, interaction with the environment, requires an exchange of information. Via biochemical projection, information is given an interpretation that is necessary to make life and consciousness possible. The world around us is not at all what it seems.