bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETECTION OF SILVER BIRCH GROWTH DYNAMICS AND TIMING WITH DENSE SPATIO-TEMPORAL LIDAR TIME-SERIES
Authors: Campos M. B. , Valve V. , Shcherbacheva A. , Echriti R. , Wang Y. , Puttonen E.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) is a deciduous pioneer tree species with significant economic and ecological importance due to its rapid growth, high genetic variability and adaptability to diverse climates and environments. In this regard, understanding the factors that influence silver birch tree growth variability and its seasonal patterns has been a subject of research interests, which aim at effective forest management and ecological analyses. Tree size, competition, light availability, and topography has been considered significant factors affecting tree growth patterns. However, their relative contributions are not well understood. This is because, to study the interactions between neighbor trees and their competitive responses requires complex measurements. Accurately measuring tree attributes, such as 3D canopy shape and arrangement, is challenging but has been made possible through advancements in high-resolution 3D remote sensing, specifically laser scanning technology. This study shows the potential of high-spatial and temporal resolution LiDAR time-series from a permanent laser scanning setup to detect detailed structural changes and timing in individual tree canopies, focusing on assessment of the structural canopy growth characteristics of silver birch trees. We first investigate how silver birch trees respond to competition and neighboring species. Our results focusing on canopy height increment show that tree size, competition, neighboring species, and water availability affect the rate of vertical (height) growth of the studied silver birch trees. Further, we detect the timing in canopy vertical and horizontal growth using LiDAR time-series. Significant variations of up to one week were detected among trees, providing insights for future studies on growth dynamics of silver birch in coniferous-dominant forests.
UNSUPERVISED STATISTICAL APPROACH FOR TREE-LEVEL SEPARATION OF FOLIAGE AND NON-LEAF COMPONENTS FROM POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Shcherbcheva A. , Campos M. B. , Liang X. , Puttonen E. , Wang Y.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Accurately classifying foliage and non-leaf components in point clouds is essential for remote sensing forest applications. Existing methods rely on radiometric attributes or local geometric features, often requiring time-consuming manual labelling. In this paper, we propose a statistical approach using flexible thresholds determined based on tree-level geometric features. Selected features (local anisotropy, curvature, linearity, first principal component, verticality, and sphericity) have shown robustness in earlier studies. Threshold values are identified as points of inflection in the fitted distributions for each tree. Our method requires only two parameters and was tested with manually labelled Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) data and non-labeled data from an oblique and above canopy setup (Permanent LiDAR scanner setup). We tested two boreal tree species, Scots Pine, and silver birch, with 28 trees in total (14 trees for each species) using two data sources. Compared to two alternative methods (namely, fixed thresholding and CANUPO), our approach consistently outperforms in terms of recall. We achieved an average overall accuracy of 85%, recall of 88.5%, precision of 83%, and f1 score of 85%. Visually assessing oblique and above canopy results, our algorithm effectively captures tree structures. Our statistical approach provides an effective solution for foliage and non-leaf separation, with processing times of less than five minutes for individual tree point clouds containing up to 2 million points and no need for extensive manual labelling or parameter adjustments.
ACCURACY EVALUATION OF ICESAT-2 ATL08 IN FINLAND
Authors: Wang X. , Liang X.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. ATL08 is level-3A land and vegetation height product of ICESat-2 data, which recorded the terrain elevation and surface height parameters at 100 m fixed-length along the ground track. It has been used widely not only in vegetation monitoring at large scale, but also in improving the accuracy of satellite stereo mapping, so, the accuracy of ATL08 product is the precondition of its application. Although some studies have evaluated the terrain and canopy height retrieval accuracy of ATL08, it is still not comprehensive that most studies focus on the accuracy in vegetation area. In this study, the performance on terrain and surface height retrieval of ATL08 was evaluated both in forested and non-forested area based on DEM and ALS data in Finland. A total of 6,682,846 and 3,980,235 segments were used to evaluate the accuracy of terrain and surface height retrieval, respectively. The result showed that, firstly, terrain elevation retrieval from ICESat-2/ATLAS is accurate, e.g., sub-meter level both in forested and non-forested area and slope was an important factor affecting the accuracy of terrain retrieval, while, surface height retrieval was low accurate, e.g., the RMSE of surface height retrieval were more than 5 m. Secondly, the accuracy of terrain elevation retrieval in non-forested area was slightly higher than that in forested area showed by MAE and RMSE. Finally, the accuracy of surface height retrieval in forested area was higher than that in non-forested area, and it should be emphasized that there is a significantly difference on RMSE% between forested and non-forested area. The study indicated that the terrain elevation retrieval from ATL08 is relative reliable and recommended to use when the accuracy is not strictly required, while, the use of surface height should be considered carefully and avoid to use low accuracy observation.
AN APPROACH OF HIGH DEFINITION MAP INFORMATION INTERACTION
Authors: Zhang Y. J. , Huang W.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. High definition (HD) maps play a very important role in the realization of autonomous driving technology. It assists self-driving vehicles to efficiently and safely complete a series of driving decisions and route planning by virtue of having most of the accurate and reliable prior information in the road environment. With the continuous change of technology, there are higher requirements for the accuracy, richness and freshness of the information stored in the HD map, so as to assist the practical application of automatic driving technology. However, current research related to HD maps mainly focuses on static information in the road environment. Since there is a large amount of complex, variable and uncertain dynamic information in the road environment, it can be used as prior knowledge for self-driving to make better decisions. Therefore, the research focus of this paper is on the dynamic information. We propose to use HD map as an information system - high definition map information system (HDMIS) - to assist autonomous driving vehicles. We design the specific content of dynamic information in the HDMIS, and develop an information interaction approach based on the vehicle end of the self-driving car and the HDMIS cloud as the interactive subject of dynamic information. In the experiment, we design and build three types of specific traffic scenarios on the simulation platform, and verify the effectiveness of the interaction approach by using the database to perform information interaction between different ports. The results show that our interaction approach can meet the storage and release of dynamic information by HDMIS to a certain extent, and can provide a large amount of dynamic information for autonomous vehicles to help them complete subsequent driving decisions and planning.
LIDAR-INERTIAL NAVIGATION BASED ON MAP AIDED DISTANCE CONSTRAINT AND FACTOR GRAPH OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Ai M. , Elhabiby M. , Asl Sabbaghian Hokmabadi I. , El-Sheimy N.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is one of the well-developed positioning technology that provides high accuracy and reliability positioning for automatic vehicles and robotics applications. Integrating Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) with an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) has emerged as a promising technique for achieving stable navigation results in dense urban environments, outperforming vision-based or pure Inertial Navigation System (INS) solutions. However, conventional LiDAR-Inertial SLAM systems often suffer from limited perception of surrounding geometric information, resulting in unexpected and accumulating errors. In this paper, we proposed a LiDAR-Inertial SLAM scheme that utilizes a prior structural information map which is generated from opensource OpenStreetMap (OSM). In contrast to conventional solutions of OSM-aided SLAM approaches, our method extracts the vectorized models of road and building and synthetically generates dense point maps for LiDAR registration. Specifically, a structural map processing module extracts the road models and building models from OSM and generates a structure information map (SIM) with dense point clouds. Secondly, a map aided distance (MD) constraint is calculated by registering selected keyframes and the prior SIM. Finally, a factor graph optimization (FGO) algorithm is involved to integrate the relative transformation obtained from LiDAR odometry, IMU pre-integration, and the map aided distance constraints. To evaluate the proposed LiDAR-based positioning accuracy, experimental evaluation is implemented in an opensource dataset collected in the urban canyon environments. Experimental results demonstrates that with the help of the proposed MD constraint, the LiDAR-based navigation solution can achieve accurate positioning, with a root mean square deviation (RSME) of 4.7 m.
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE FOR GEOSPATIAL VIRTUAL DATA INTEGRATION IN WEB-BASED APPLICATIONS
Authors: Duque J. P. , Brovelli M. A.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The wide availability of geospatial data from different sources makes it necessary to create systems that are able to use and integrate the data to generate added value. We propose a system architecture following FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) and state-of-the-art methodologies for a server-side web-based application that performs virtual data integration over data sources that implement geospatial information standards. The architecture extends the mediator-wrapper design pattern with additional components that provide the system with additional flexibility and modularity, much needed for modern web applications. The architecture is composed of the mask, which acts as the interface of the system towards external users; a mediator that handles processing and data integration logic; a set of wrappers that communicate with the external data sources; persistent storage to provide flexible configuration and metadata capabilities to the system; and messaging queue for enabling asynchronous processing. At the same time, the architecture’s components are divided into four layers, each one with a specific role: presentation, configuration, processing, and communication.
CLASSIFICATION OF URBAN LAND USE AND LAND COVER WITH K-NEAREST NEIGHBOUR CLASSIFIER IN THE CITY OF CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA – CAPE FLATS CASE STUDY
Authors: Lefulebe B. E. , Van der Walt A. , Xulu S.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The rapid growth of cities, owing to rural-urban migration and high birth rate has resulted in encroachment of the land use and land cover (LULC) in the Cape Flats, situated north of Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. PlanetScope imagery and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) classifier are used to map and monitor the following LULC classes within the Cape Flats; waterbodies, trees, built-up, and vegetation, we further do a time series map between 2016 and 2021.The results showed that LULC changes between 2016 to 2021 are as follows: a decrease of 2.1% in vegetation, 0.4% in water bodies, and 11% in trees. Built-up areas, on the other hand, showed a significant increase of 13.6% over five years. The LULC changes in the Cape Flats were mainly triggered by an increase in built-up areas due to household construction to accommodate the increased population resulting from rural-to-urban migration and high birth rate. Classification accuracy from 2016 and 2021 was as follows; overall accuracy of 98.31% and 0.97 kappa coefficient in 2016, while overall accuracy 96.54% and kappa coefficient 0.95 in 2021. A combination of machine learning and high-resolution imagery showcased that high classification results can be achieved in monitoring subtle LULC changes. We recommended that all relevant stakeholders, including government officials and municipalities, formulate and adopt policies to protect against LULC degradation.
Understanding the dependence of mean precipitation on convective treatment and horizontal resolution in tropical aquachannel experiments
Authors: Jung Hyunju , Knippertz Peter , Ruckstuhl Yvonne , Redl Robert , Janjic Tijana , Hoose Corinna
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a key circulation and precipitation feature in the tropics. There has been a large spread in the representation of the ITCZ in global weather and climate models for a long time, the reasons for which remain unclear. This paper presents a novel approach with which we disentangle different physical processes responsible for the changeable behavior of the ITCZ in numerical models. The diagnostic tool is based on a conceptual framework developed by Emanuel (2019) and allows for physically consistent estimates of convective mass flux and precipitation efficiency for simulations with explicit and parameterized convection. We apply our diagnostic tool to a set of tropical aquachannel experiments using the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON) model with horizontal grid spacings of 13 and 5 km and with various representations of deep and shallow convection. The channel length corresponds to the Earth's circumference and has rigid walls at 30∘ N/S. Zonally symmetric sea surface temperatures are prescribed. All experiments simulate an ITCZ at the Equator coinciding with the ascending branch of the Hadley circulation and descending branches at 15∘ N/S with subtropical jets and easterly trade wind belts straddling the ITCZ. With explicit deep convection, however, rainfall in the ITCZ increases and the Hadley circulation becomes stronger. Increasing horizontal resolution substantially reduces the rainfall maximum in the ITCZ, while the strength of the Hadley circulation changes only marginally. Our diagnostic framework reveals that boundary-layer quasi-equilibrium (BLQE) is a key to physically understanding those differences. At 13 km, enhanced surface enthalpy fluxes with explicit deep convection are balanced by increased convective downdrafts. As precipitation efficiency is hardly affected, convective updrafts and rainfall increase. The surface enthalpy fluxes are mainly controlled by mean surface winds, closely linked to the Hadley circulation. These links also help understand rainfall differences between different resolutions. At 5 km, the wind–surface-fluxes–convection relation holds, but additionally explicit convection dries the mid-troposphere, which increases the import of air with lower moist static energy into the boundary layer, thereby enhancing surface fluxes. Overall, the different model configurations create little variations in precipitation efficiency and radiative cooling, the effects of which are compensated for by changes in dry stability. The results highlight the utility of our diagnostic tool to pinpoint processes important for rainfall differences between models, suggesting applicability for climate model intercomparison projects.
Awareness on E-Resources Usage among Engineering College Faculties in Erode District, Tamil Nadu: A Study
Authors: N. Sivakami  , N. Rajendran
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a study of an attempt which was made to survey the awareness on e-resources usage among Engineering College Faculties in Erode District. A survey was conducted among the Faculty Members of 10 Selected Engineering Colleges in Erode. Totally 950 questionnaires were distributed, 876 valid questionnaires were collected which constitutes (92.2%) of the total response. Population for the study faculty members; 354 Assistant Professors, 272 Associate Professors and 250 Professors were selected as sample. It is observed that majority of the Assistant Professors access the E-Resources for teaching and research purpose. Majority of the Assistant Professors 102 (43.2) Associate Professors 74 (31.4) and Professors 60 (25.4) are using E-Journals for accessing the E-Resources.
Citation Analysis of the Journal IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking during 1998-2017
Authors: V. Swarnamugi  , J. Santhi  , R. Loganayaki
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a citation analysis of articles published in the Journal of IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking from 1998-2017 is carried out. For the analysis of the study 20 volumes containing 120 issues have been taken up for evaluation. In total 78062 citations have been appended to 2535 articles during the period 1998-2017. Seminar/conference proceeding 41.19 per cent are the major source of information used and continued to follow by Journal 35.39 per cent. Results show that an average number of citations per paper are 32.16. The overall Journal self-citation is calculated as 66.04%. This indicates that the journal commands great repute in its own field and attracts articles pertaining to the high profile areas of research.
Jung, Schopenhauer y el problema del mal
Authors: Garralaga Foronda Alejandra
Published: December 2023

Mucho se ha escrito sobre la influencia de las sabidurías orientales en la filosofía de Arthur Schopenhauer, y muy poco sobre la impronta de éste en uno de los pensadores peor reconocidos en el ámbito de la filosofía académica como es Carl Gustav Jung. El presente artículo trata de dar con algunos puntos de encuentro en la obra de los dos autores, estrechando paralelismos y matizando distancias entre la «voluntad» schopenhaueriana y el «inconsciente» de Jung, a la par que ahonda en el elemento central que vincula, a nuestro juicio, el pensamiento de ambos: el problema del mal y su diversas concepciones en las tradiciones religiosas de Oriente y del Occidente cristiano.
Métodos diagnósticos. Ecografía
Authors: Cervera Sánchez Ángela , Barrot de la Puente Joan
Published: December 2023

Aunque la biopsia hepática es el estándar de oro para diagnosticar NAFLD, es un método costoso e invasivo con posibles complicaciones graves y una gran variabilidad. Es por ello que debe reservarse para pacientes en los que el diagnóstico histopatológico repercuta positivamente en un adecuado manejo terapéutico. La ecografía en modo B permite estimar el grado de infiltración grasa en el hígado. La evaluación de la esteatosis hepática obtiene el brillo del hígado, el contraste entre el hígado y el riñón, la apariencia ecográfica de los vasos intrahepáticos, el parénquima hepático y el diafragma, clasificando la esteatosis en cuatro grados desde ausente hasta grave. El rendimiento de la ecografía en modo B para la detección de esteatosis leve es bajo, con una sensibilidad 55 al 65 %. En la actualidad hay disponibles cientos de biomarcadores indirectos de fibrosis hepática, como FIB-4 y NAFLD fibrosis score que tienen valor pronóstico para los resultados a largo plazo. Una vez se establece la NAFLD, la estratificación del riesgo de fibrosis es esencial.
العوامل المحددة لجاهزية المستشفيات الحكومية في مواجهة الأزمات (دراسة ميدانية على مستشفى الملك فهد بمدينة جدة)
Authors:   ماجستير إدارة خدمات صحية ومستشفيات، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجدة، موظف في وزارة الصحة، المملكة العربية السعودية, الخرماني فيصل
Published: December 2023

تهدف الدراسة لمعرفة العوامل المحددة لجاهزية المستشفيات الحكومية في مواجهة الأزمات، أستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي مع إستخدام أداة إستبيان تم توزيعه عينة مختارة بطريقة عشوائية قصدية يبلغ حجمها (333) من العاملين من أطباء وكادر تمريضي وفني وإداري بمستشفى الملك فهد بمدينة جدة. بعد التحليل الإحصائي خرجت الدراسة بالنتائج التالية:أن درجة موافقة أفراد العينة على العوامل البشرية المؤثرة على جاهزية مستشفى الملك فهد بمدينة جدة لمواجهة الأزمات كانت بمستوى متوسط، كما أوضحت النتائج أن أفراد العينة موافقين بدرجة كبيرة على العوامل التنظيمية المؤثرة على جاهزية مستشفى الملك فهد بمدينة جدة لمواجهة الأزمات، وأفادت النتائج أن درجة موافقة أفراد العينة بدرجة (ضعيفة) على العوامل الـتـكـنـولـوجـيـة المؤثرة على جاهزية مستشفى الملك فهد بمدينة جدة لمواجهة الأزمات، وأوضحت النتائج كذلك أن أفراد العينة موافقين بدرجة متوسطة على العوامل الــبــيــئــيــة المؤثرة على جاهزية مستشفى الملك فهد بمدينة جدة لمواجهة الأزمات، وعن درجة موافقة أفراد العينة على مواجهة الأزمات بمستشفى الملك فهد بجدة، فقد كان بدرجة كبيرة خاصة عند التقليل من الأضرار التي تسببها الأزمة، والسيطرة على الأزمة والحد من انتشارها واستمرارها في فترة وجيزة ثم الإهتمام الكافي بإكتشاف علامات الخلل (الخطر) والتي تكون مؤشراً لوقوع أزمة، والقدرة على تحريك الموارد المادية والبشرية الضرورية لإحتواء الأزمة. أوصت الدراسة بالتوصيات أهمها: الحرص على جاهزية المستشفيات لمواجهة الأزمات والإستعداد لها، وذلك بتوفر العامل البشري الذي يعتمد على أساليب العمل الحديثة، وأن تتوفر لديهم المبادرة الذاتية أثناء الأزمات.
Wizytacje diecezji krakowskiej z lat 1510-1570
Authors: Glemma Tadeusz
Published: December 2023

--
Moje wspomnienia. Szkoła domowej pracy w Zakopanem-Kuznicach
Authors: Czaplicka Mieczysława
Published: December 2023

x
Klasztor w Lendaku i jego dawna przynależność do opactwa miechowskiego
Authors: Reychman Jan
Published: December 2023

Niedaleko od najbardziej na W schód wysuniętego cypla Tatr, bielą swych wapiennych skał zdała się odznaczających Tatr Bielskich, u stóp zalesionych wierchów pasma Magury Spiskiej, pod samym szczytem Smreczyn (1159 m) leży mała góralska wioska Lendak. Administracyjnie należy do powiatu kieżmarskiego na Spiszu słowackim, w Słowacji. Znajdujący się w Lendaku kościół św. Mikołaja i ruina klasztorku — to pamiątki kilkuwiekowych, silnych więzów, łączących Lendak z odległym Miechowem w ziemi krakowskiej.  Celem niniejszego studium jest przybliżenie historii klasztoru w Lendaku.
Neuroplasticity Knowledge and Perceived Self-Efficacy in Western Adults: A Qualitative Examination
Authors: Agonis Catherine
Published: December 2023

Self-efficacy is described as people's beliefs regarding their capabilities to produce designated levels of performance that affect their lives and is considered important for self-regulation of mental health disorders. Biofeedback has demonstrated that knowledge of one’s physiology can help regulate mental health disorders, such as anxiety (McKe, 2008). Neuroplasticity is defined as the capacity for the brain to rewire its structure and create new neural pathways to make up for lost functions due to brain injury. There is limited research in how neuroplasticity can be used as an agent for behavioral change. This qualitative study examined if knowledge of the brain’s malleability may affect adults’ perception of self-efficacy in recovery from evolutionary-based mental health disorders, with an aim to lay a foundation of general themes for further quantitative studies. Following 12 interviews, themes were recorded regarding perceived self-efficacy at time points during mental health recovery from an adult group who was knowledgeable about neuroplasticity versus a group that wasn’t knowledgeable. In addition to other differences, the Superordinate theme of will was mentioned 64 times across the Knowledgeable group, versus only 11 times in the Non-knowledgeable group. As variations between the groups were perceived, future quantitative research may determine if educational programs can assist adults who are turning to self-regulation as a means of recovery from said afflictions.
Teaching Strategies for Genetic Diversity: Fostering Inclusive Genetics Education in High Schools
Authors: Nora Repi Clerie Marni , Kolondam Beivy Jonathan
Published: December 2023

This mini-review article explores teaching strategies for genetic diversity in high school education, emphasizing inclusivity and effective learning. Traditional teaching methods may not resonate with all students, making it imperative to adopt varied approaches. Visual learning tools, including diagrams and multimedia, enhance comprehension and retention. Interactive simulations and laboratories provide practical insights into genetic variations. Case studies and real-world examples connect genetic diversity to everyday scenarios, promoting relevance. Multilingual and multicultural approaches respect diverse backgrounds, fostering a comprehensive understanding. Collaborative learning and group projects build a sense of community and facilitate peer-to-peer learning. Adaptive teaching techniques cater to individual learning needs, ensuring inclusivity. By employing these strategies, educators can create a more inclusive environment, cultivating a deeper appreciation for genetic diversity among high school students, and preparing them for an informed and interconnected future.

Keywords: Genetic Diversity, Inclusive Teaching, High School, Collaborative Learning
HCL Dopant Effect on Absorbance Pattern Polyaniline Nanofibers as an Active Material in Gas Sensors
Authors: Ketut Umiati Ngurah Ayu , Azam Muchammad , Gunadi Isnaen
Published: December 2023

Observations of influence dopants on absorbance polyaniline nanofiber as an active material for gas sensors have been made. The polyaniline nanofiber used is result of interfacial polymerization an organic phase (toluene-aniline) with a water phase (aguadest-HCl-ammonium peroxydisulfate). The synthesis was carried out with molar variations of the HCl dopant from 0.6 to 3 M. From the UV-Vis results it can be seen that the absorbance increases as the dopant concentration increases. The higher the absorbance, it is hoped that the sample will also have high sensitivity to gas. Variations in the morphology of the resulting film are also influenced by the presence of dopants. The greater the molar concentration, the smaller and more regular the fiber size will be.

Keywords: polyaniline, nanofiber, absorbance, morphology
The Effectiveness of Distance Learning in Pandemic Covid-19: Creative Economics Course
Authors: Muchson Mochamad
Published: December 2023

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of online distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Since the outbreak of the Covid 19 Pandemic in Indonesia, efforts to prevent the spread and transmission of Covid 19 in government education units through the Ministry of Education and Culture applied policy of closing schools and moved teaching and learning activities through the implementation of Learning From Home (LFH) in the form of Distance Learning (DL). This study uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study was all students of the Master of Economics Education study program who took creative economy courses in the odd semester of 2020/2021. Data collection techniques used in this study are: 1. Documentation 2. Observation guidelines 3. Test 4. Performance. Data Analysis Technique used descriptive statistic. Research results are 1) very effective in achieving learning outcomes both online presence, lecturer presentations, student presentations, assignment submissions, final semester exams, the lack of success is not caused by using online distance learning media but it is because lack of student competence in designing and opening a business creative economy. 2) the advantages is it can prevent the spread of Covid 19 in education units and the weaknesses is the competence of students and lecturers who are not the same in operating online learning devices, expensive internet package costs and network instability Internet.

Keywords: Online Distance Learning, Covid – 19, Creative Economy
Relationship between Knowledge and Attitude of Islamic Religious Leader in Preventing COVID-19 in Natal District, Mandailing Natal Regency
Authors: . Tukiman , Khairani Jayusman Dinda Dwi , Alfarizi Asep
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze relationship between knowledge and attitude of islamic religious leader in preventing COVID-19 in Natal District, Mandailing Natal Regency. This type of research uses a quantitative descriptive survey method with a cross-sectional study approach. Population in this research is an islamic religious leader in Natal District, Mandailing Natal Regency. Sampling technique used in this study is to use a total sampling technique by taking the entire population consisting of 46 islamic religious leader. Methods of data collection using interview. Data analysis used bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. The results of this study indicate that there are a relationship between knowledge and attitude of islamic religious leader in preventing COVID-19 in Natal District, Mandailing Natal Regency.

Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Islamic Religious Leader, Preventing
Cauterization: An Age-Old Therapeutic Modality in Unani (Greek-O-Arab) System of Medicine
Authors: Mir Rayees Ahamad , Ahmad Shah Nadeem
Published: December 2023

Cauterization (Amal-I-Kaiyy) is one of the traditional medical practices and has been widely used in unani system of medicine in past. It is one of the important regimes in ilaj bit tadbeer (regimental therapy) modality of unani system of medicine with wide range of applications in number of ailments including leprosy, Sar (epilepsy), numbness, Bawāsīr al-Anf (nasal polyp), vertigo etc. Although, there is detailed description of this therapeutic practice in unani system medicine it is almost completely forgotten nowadays due to pain and suffering associated with it. Traditional cauterization is nowadays replaced by modern cautery which is widely used in surgical and other medical practices. Here in this review concept and various therapeutic applications of cauterization (Amal-I-Kaiyy) in the light of unani system of medicine is described in detail.

Keywords: Amal-I-Kaiyy, cauterization, Sar, Bawāsīr al-Anf
To Study the Pattern of Anemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Elderly Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Patil Omkareshwar , . Sukesh , CS Jayaprakash
Published: December 2023

Background: Anemia found in diabetes patients is often unrecognized like many other chronic diseases. Anemia is more common in people with diabetes due to a variety of causes. The aim of this study was to determine the severity and morphological types of anemia among type II diabetic elderly hospitalized patients.
Methodology: The present study was a hospital based cross sectional study conducted at Father Muller Medical Collage Hospital, Mangalore Karnataka over a period of 6 months. The cases for the study included 129 elderly patients with having Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). 129 Hospitalized elderly patients over the age of 60 years who were confirmed to have type 2 DM patient’s demographic data and the blood samples are analyzed for Complete blood count, Peripheral smear for type of anemia, Random blood glucose, Glycated hemoglobin.
Result: A total 129 Hospitalized elderly type 2 DM patients were included in the study. Out of 129 subjects, 55.03% were males and 44.97% were females. Of these 24.8% patients had mild anemia, 63.56% had moderate anemia and 11.64% had severe anemia according to clinical degree of anemia based on hemoglobin level. 67.76% patients had microcytic hypochromic anemia, and 30.24% patients had normocytic normochromic anemia. The prevalence of type 2DM is high in male than the female population.
Conclusion: The study results exhibit a higher level of the prevalence of anemia in Type 2 DM subjects. The findings of our study suggest that moderate degree of anemia is a common finding, and morphologically, the leading type of anemia was normocytic normochromic anemia.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Anemia, Hemoglobin, Hyperglycemia.
An Assessment of the Relationship Between Population Density and the Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: Nguyen Thi-Quynh , Nguyen Thi-Tuyet-Mai
Published: December 2023

Background: Dengue is a leading cause of severe illness and hospitalization in Vietnam. This study aims to assess the relationship between population density and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in August 2023 in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam.
Methods: Exploratory data analysis (EDA) techniques were first applied to investigate the distribution patterns of DHF incidence. It will go on to use Getis Ord statistic to detect hotspots and coldspots of DHF infection rates. A scatter plot will be then employed to quantitatively assess the relationship between population density and DHF infection rates and Getis Ord statistic. Finally, a dataset of DHF cases reported in August 2023 in Ho Chi Minh city was used to illustrate the proposed methods.
Results: It was found that high values of Getis Ord coefficients was mainly concentrated in the east and west of the city. There was a negative correlation between population density and both variables (DHF infection rates and Getis Ord statistic). The population density likely decreases dengue hemorrhagic fever infection rates in August in Ho Chi Minh city.
Conclusions: It can be concluded that spatial statistics and EDA have proved their effectiveness in the assessment of the relationship between population density and the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Findings of this study provide an insight into the effects of population density on DHF infection rates.

Keywords: Relationship assessment, Population density, Spatial autocorrelation analysis, Dengue hemorrhagic fever, Infection rate, Ho Chi Minh city.
High-pressure torsion effect on microstructural and hardness properties of Magnesium with Silicon Carbide nanoparticles
Authors: Tebeta R.T. , Madushele N. , Ngwangwa H.M. , Madyira D.M. , Wang Z.
Published: December 2023

Without a doubt, lightweight materials of high strength are in high demand in the automotive, aerospace, biomedical, and other industries that require such materials. Processing or manufacturing such materials has been a vital topic in contemporary research, as well as material development in the industry. A possible solution for the processing of lightweight materials of high strength is to target lightweight materials by nature such as magnesium and improve their mechanical properties such as stiffness, strength, and hardness. The aforementioned properties are sometimes achieved by processing soft and light materials through High-Pressure Torsion. In this work, Magnesium with Silicon Carbide nanoparticles (Mg-SiC) was strengthened and hardened through the High-Pressure Torsion (HPT) processing technique. The samples were compressed with a pressure of 6.0 GPa and twisted at the rotating speed of 1 rpm with varying numbers of turns N = 0, N = 1, N = 5 and N = 10 at a temperature of 23°C. The processed samples were prepared for the experimental investigation of microstructural characterization and hardness test examinations. Microstructural results showed that grain refinements of material can be achieved through HPT processing methods, which reduced the average grain sizes of unprocessed (N = 0) Mg alloy samples from 149.9 µm to 27.1 µm after processing ten turns. However, hardness test results do not indicate any significant improvement after one HPT processing turn although homogeneity is attained at five processing turns within the nanocomposites.
Conceptual design vulnerability assessment of the housing light roofs to strong winds
Authors: Reyes-Ramírez Anabel , Estrada-Cingualbres Roberto Andrés , Zúñiga-Igarza Libys Martha , Pérez-Rodríguez Roberto , Lorente-Leyva Leandro L.
Published: December 2023

Hurricanes are one of the most significant causes of human and material losses in the Caribbean region. These events have demonstrated their devastating impact on housing and infrastructure. The assessment of the vulnerability of buildings with light roofs, at the initial design stage, is considered to be a fundamental step in the mitigation of these damages and losses. This paper presents the introduction of an indicator-based vulnerability assessment in an effort to mitigate these damages in advance. This indicator facilitates the design team's decision to select the appropriate light roof alternative subject to strong winds at the conceptual stage of the process. The indicators that contribute to the conceptual assessment of vulnerability were identified based on a comprehensive review of the literature and numerical simulations of the risk scenarios using CFD/FEM software’s. The ranking of indicator weights was determined by the Kano method according to experts' opinions. A desktop application has been developed for the assessment of the vulnerability of light roof variants for buildings at the conceptual design stage. The results reported in a case study demonstrate the viability of the desktop application based on the vulnerability indicator to assist decision making in the conceptual design stage.
Additional effect on the deformation zone during plastic metal flow
Authors: Chigirinsky Valeriy , Volokitina Irina
Published: December 2023

In the article, on the basis of previously conducted theoretical and experimental studies, a phys-ical model of the process of additional impact on the basis of non-uniform plastic deformation is developed and investigated. On the basis of the physical model, a mathematical model of the additional impact is developed, the generalizing factor of which in the case of asymmetric de-formation is the external moment from the side lines.
Equilíbrio postural pelo Mini – Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest)
Authors: Pereira da Silva Aline Juliane , Pimentel Bergamaschi Denise , Bianconcini Trindade Maria Angela
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A hanseníase, doença infectocontagiosa crônica, pode provocar diminuição da sensibilidade e alterações motoras com comprometimento do equilíbrio. Um instrumento de avaliação clínica chamado Mini-BESTest é aplicável ao diagnóstico e acompanhamento do comprometimento do equilíbrio postural. Objetivo: Avaliar o equilíbrio dinâmico em pessoas com hanseníase pelo desempenho no Mini-BESTest nos subsistemas: ajuste postural antecipatório; respostas posturais reativas; orientação sensorial e estabilidade na marcha. Métodos: Aplicou-se o Mini-BESTest em 54 usuários do SUS, em seguimento para hanseníase e em Avaliação Neurológica Simplificada (ANS). O Grau de Incapacidade Física (GIF), obtido pela ANS, classificou as pessoas com presença e ausência de incapacidade. Utilizaram-se escores do Mini-BESTest relativos ao total de pontos por subsistema. Resultados: A análise univariada indicou que idades maiores apresentaram escores menores e a análise multivariada mostrou quea ANS é importante na explicação dos escores, controlando-se sexo e idade, onde escores menores, nos quatro subsistemas, ocorreram entre pessoas com incapacidade. Conclusões: O Mini-BESTest indica diminuição do equilíbrio dinâmico entre pessoas com hanseníase, com incapacidade física. Seu uso pode orientar a prática clínica do fisioterapeuta. Potencial de aplicabilidade: O Mini-BESTest, método barato, de fácil e rápida aplicação, é capaz de contribuir para o aprimoramento dos cuidados em hanseníase.
Práticas alimentares de crianças menores de 12 meses
Authors: Da Costa Selinger Natália , Tarricone Garcia Mariana , Isoyama Venancio Sonia
Published: December 2023

Objetivos: Caracterizar as práticas alimentares de crianças entre 0 e 12 meses e o perfil das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) notocante à promoção do aleitamento materno (AM) e alimentação complementar (AC) no município de Jacareí. Metodologia: Estudotransversal descritivo de base populacional. Realizou-se um inquérito domiciliar com cuidadores de lactentes menores de 12 meses e entrevistas com supervisores de todas as UBS do município. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 253 lactentes menores de 6 meses e 287 entre 6 e 12 meses. A prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME) foi de 34,3% e de aleitamento materno continuado, de 55,1%. Identificou-se associações significativas entre escolaridade materna e trabalho materno fora do lar, e oferta de alimentos saudáveis e não saudáveis para crianças entre 6 e 12 meses. Quanto ao perfil de trabalho das UBS, a promoção do AM e AC adequada em ações de puericultura foi menor do que em grupos no pré-natal. A prevalência de visita domiciliar pós-parto até sete dias foi de 27,8%. Conclusão: I dentificar o p erfil a limentar e o p rocesso d e t rabalho das equipes de saúde permite apoiar o planejamento de políticas públicas, em especial para promoção do AME, introdução alimentar adequada, capacitação dos profissionais e implementação de protocolos para pós-parto e puericultura.
Pelatihan Pengolahan Minyak Goreng Bekas Industri Kerupuk Kulit Menjadi Sabun Padat di Kelurahan Kamang Magek
Authors: Ulia Hasnah , Rahayu Puji , Rahmad Dedy , Rosalina Rosalina , Putri Dwi Kemala , Nurrahmi Rara
Published: December 2023

Kamang Magek adalah salah satu kelurahan di kabupaten Agam, Sumatera Barat yang Sebagian besar warganya adalah petani dan wiraswasta. Wiraswasta yang banyak berkembang di daerah Kamang Magek adalah produksi kerupuk kulit atau “Karupuak Jangek”. Kerupuk ini berbahan baku kulit sapi ataupun kerbau, dimana berdasarkan data Biro Pusat Statistik Sumatera Barat untuk daerah Agam mempunyai unit usaha industri kecil sandang dan kulit sebanyak 1.501 unit usaha formal dan 569 unit usaha non formal termasuk di Kamang Magek. Dari hasil produksi tersebut banyak dihasilkan minyak goreng bekas sebesar ±1000 L perminggunya. Salah satu cara meningkatkan mutu limbah minyak goreng tersebut adalah dengan mengolahnya menjadi suatu inovasi, salah satunya sabun padat. Sabun padat terbuat dari lemak netral dari minyak yang telah keras, dengan proses hidrogenasi, menggunakan alkali NaOH. Terlebih lagi, di masa pandemi saat ini sabun padat banyak dibutuhkan untuk mengurangi potensi penularan COVID-19. Jika kecamatan Kamang Magek mampu memproduksi sabun dari limbah minyak goreng yang dihasilkan maka akan meningkatkan nilai jual dan menambah pendampatan masyarakat setempat.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Lilin Aromaterapi Berbasis Minyak Serai di IKM CV Amna Lab. Aromaterapi Kabupaten Solok
Authors: Pelita Elda , Anwar Hazil , Jayanti Regna Tri , Desniorita Desniorita , Youfa Rita , Jerry Jerry , Roswita Roswita
Published: December 2023

CV. Amna Lab Aromaterapi Small and Medium Enterprises have started the citronella oil business in 2018. Some of its products such as soap, aromatherapy spray, propolis, and body oil have arrived in several big cities in Indonesia. However, since the Covid-19 pandemic, these SMEs have experienced difficulties, especially regarding the large capital costs and the price of citronella which has fallen drastically to 100% of the original price. Under these conditions, SMEs are constrained in the process of increasing productivity and lack production technology as well as marketing and management. The Community Service Team of the ATI Padang Polytechnic offers solutions to overcome these problems by providing alternative processing of citronella oil-based products to be aromatherapy candles and educating the SMEs on the product marketing strategies through e-commerce applications. The community service team tried resolving the delinquent by determining the amount of citronella oil that should be included and the composition variations of stearic acid, vegetable oil, and paraffin. The variations were tested in order to find the right comparison in making aromatherapy candles based on citronella oil. The team also searched and studied several references to analyze marketing strategies in accordance with SMEs CV. Amana Aromatherapy Lab. Considering the result of the experiments, it was identified that 1% of citronella oil could be added to the wax mixture while the exact composition of oil and paraffin was 1: 2. The stearic acid was unsuitable to applied since the candle product easily melted. E-commerce marketing strategies were used by utilizing advertisements on internet searches to expand the promotions.
Pembuatan Nata De Coco di Nagari Kamang Hilir Kabupaten Agam Sebagai Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Authors: Ulia Hasnah , Aini Apsari Puspita , Nurmalasari Enny , Khairati Miftahul , Luthfi Muhammad Zulfikar , Yahya Agung Kurnia
Published: December 2023

Agam district has a coconut plantation of 56,744 hectares with an average production of 3,000 tons per year. Coconut water is one of the coconut plant products that has not been utilized optimally. Many benefits or new products that have a higher selling value use coconut water as a raw material. One of the products derived from coconut water that we consume daily is Nata de coco. Nata de coco has high fiber, but low in calories. Nata de coco can also be a business opportunity for the home industry. Based on the business opportunity from Nata de coco, The community service of Politeknik ATI Padang held the training of the production of Nata de coco to the women community in Kamang Hilir Village, Agam District, West Sumatera. The training was carried out on February 5, 2023 attended by 30 participants. The training began with the explanation about the materials and tools used in making Nata de coco. The main materials used were coconut water, urea, sugar, Acetobacter xylinum. Then, the practice is carried out jointly between the women community and the community service team from Politeknik ATI Padang. The training was closed with the presentation of business prospective from Nata de coco. All of the participants were enthusiastic with this training. It is expected that the women community in Kamang Hilir Village have the knowledge and the skill to make their own Nata de coco.
Teknologi Desain Kemasan Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Value Added Produk Usaha Kecil dan Menengah
Authors: Putri Gustiarini Rika , Lubis Rizki Fadhillah , Arsil Fikri , Sitorus Tosty Maylangi , Zulhamidi Zulhamidi , Siregar Rahmad Syukur
Published: December 2023

This community service activity aims to provide understanding and skills to MSME actors about the importance of packaging and packaging design. This activity is carried out by providing counseling, training, and assistance to business partners regarding product packaging. The result of this activity is that all partners understand the importance of packaging as added value and branding for their products, and as many as 50% have succeeded in designing packaging independently. In the future, it will be better to have knowledge and skills related to digital marketing to reach consumers even further.
Agile Deflectometry
Authors: Brost Randy , Smith Braden , Brimigion Felicia
Published: December 2023

Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) systems use mirorrs to focus light onto a receiver, and high optical slope accuracy is required to achieve high concentration. Deflectometry is a technique for measuring optical slope directly, at fine spatial resolution across a miror surface. In this paper we report techniques for making an existing deflectometry system, SOFAST, more flexible and easier to deploy across a wide range of application scenarios. Example applications include mirror prototype development, high-volume manufacturing, outdoor in situ heliostat inspection, and education. We report using the resulting system to measure mirrors ranging in diameter from 0.13 m to 9.3 m, a range of nearly two orders of magnitude. Hardware implementations vary from a simple laptop computer to a system combining a computer, projector, screen, and camera. These efforts pursue a goal of making deflectometry easier to use, applicable to a wider range of problems, and widely available to the CSP community.