bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two new occurrences of Oligonychus (Acari: Thrombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Coffea canephora Pierre ex. Froehner, with description of damage and record of its natural enemies in the state of Amazonas, Brazil
Authors: Vasconcelos Geraldo José Nascimento de , Sousa Andrey Luis Bruyns de , Soares Indalecio Khalled Eufrazio , Ferreira Fábio Medeiros
Published: March 2022

The objectives of this work were to document two new occurrences of Oligonychus (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in coffee plant, present the damage and climatic conditions that may have favored the high population at the time of records, and report the occurrence of natural enemies. The records were done in three production areas in Itacoatiara, Silves, and Urucará, state of Amazonas. We verified the occurrence of Oligonychus mangiferus (Rahman and Sapra) and Oligonychus peronis Pritchard and Baker. In two crops, O. mangiferus was observed causing severe damage, probably due to favorable climatic conditions which coincided with the peak of the dry season in the region. For both species, we observed the occurrence of natural enemies such as predatory insects and mites, and acaropathogenic fungus. Based on the results, the occurrence of O. mangiferus and O. peronis in coffee farming is now known. These pests, especially O. mangiferus, can damage crops during the dry season.
Comparative finite element analysis of an osseointegration system in transradial amputation: a proposal of a new design for osseointegration
Authors: Lee Young Seok , Jeoung Heaseong , Lee Seung Gun , Kim Dong-Hong , Lee Chang-Hun
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Conventional osseointegration systems have been applied in patients requiring transhumeral or transfemoral amputation. However, the application of these systems to transradial amputation is limited by the small diameter of the radius and ulna. Our study compared the biomechanical stability of a novel osseointegration system with that of a conventional system used in transradial amputation through an analysis of finite element (FE) models.Methods: We established three-dimensional FE models of transradial amputations, which were osseointegrated with both the novel and conventional systems. External loads were applied to the FE models with compressive force and tensile force along the long axis, horizontal shear force, and vertical shear force. The maximum equivalent stress (MES) and the distribution of stress through the radius and ulna were evaluated.Results: The MES of the radius and ulna was higher in the conventional system when compressive, tensile, and vertical shear forces were applied. However, when a horizontal shear force was applied, the opposite result was found. The distribution of stress was more effective in the novel system.Conclusion: Three-dimensional FE modeling showed that the novel system enabled a lower stress level and a more even distribution of stress for osseointegration in transradial amputation.
Cholesterol Granuloma: An Underrecognized Cause of Benign Lung Granuloma
Authors: Hassen Sara , Ali Gawahir , Ahmed Ashraf , Goravey Wael
Published: March 2022

A cholesterol granuloma is a benign lesion that can occur in various organs, mimicking other pathologies. We present the case of a 35-year-old man presenting with asymptomatic lung and pleural lesions which were suspected to be pulmonary tuberculosis but found to be cholesterol granuloma on biopsy. Cholesterol granulomas are a rare mimic of common lung pathology and should be considered in the differential diagnosis if the initial investigations are not informative.
Juego de tronos de los murciélagos. Myotis: la conquista de los nichos
Authors: Segura-Trujillo Cintya A. , Iñiguez-Dávalos Luis Ignacio
Published: March 2022

Myotis es un género ancestral de murciélagos, que agrupa un gran número de especies aparentemente muy parecidas. No obstante, su historia evolutiva señala una variación morfológica enfocada en especializarse para conquistar diferentes nichos (roles ecológicos). La historia evolutiva de Myotis es antigua y compleja con la cual, para desenmarañarla, podemos hacer una analogía con la serie televisiva “Juego de tronos”.
Finite element back analysis of geostress field in geological body of oil and gas trap
Authors: Xu Meng
Published: March 2022

The boundary conditions and loading ways of geostress field of oil and gas trap are the difficulties in the numerical simulation and geomechanical analysis. Owing to the limited data of geostress, unclear tectonic movement and complex geological structure, the stress field cannot be solved directly. Boundary load inversion is a very important method to analyze the stress field of rock mass. Based on the measured in-situ stress of S4 member in C41 fault block of Liangjialou oilfield, the boundary loads of the geological body stress field are inversely calculated. Meanwhile, the optimal boundary stress obtained by the inverse modeling is used to study the stress field near the fault. This method can overcome the shortcomings of common back analysis, such as boundary load adjustment method and regression method, and improve the calculation accuracy of stress field. The results show that the inversion method is simple, reliable, accurate and fast. The distribution of stress field can well reflect the in homogeneity of the magnitude and direction of the stress field near the fault. Therefore, this method has a certain application value in boundary load inversion, and the initial stress field distribution of faults provides a precondition for local stability.
Automated system for the detection of 2D materials using digital image processing and deep learning
Authors: Sanchez-Juarez Jesus , Granados-Baez Marissa , Aguilar-Lasserre Alberto A. , Cardenas Jaime
Published: March 2022

The unique properties of two-dimensional materials for light emission, detection, and modulation make them ideal for integrated photonic devices. However, identifying if the films are indeed monolayers is a time-consuming process even for well-trained operators. We develop an intelligent algorithm to detect monolayers of WSe2, MoS2 and h-BN autonomously using Digital Image Processing and Deep Learning with high accuracy rate, avoiding human interaction and any additional characterization tests. We demonstrate an autonomous detection algorithm for TMDC’s and h-BN monolayers with high accuracy of 99.9% with a total processing time of 9 minutes per 1cm2.
Conservation of a flagship species: Health assessment of the pink land iguana, Conolophus marthae
Authors: Colosimo Giuliano , Gentile Gabriele , Vera Carlos A. , Sevilla Christian , Gerber Glenn P. , Westermeyer Hans D. , Lewbart Gregory A.
Published: March 2022

The pink land iguana,Conolophus marthae, is one of four species of iguanas (three terrestrial and one marine) in the Galápagos Islands, and the only one listed as critically endangered by the IUCN. The species can only be found on the north-west slopes of the highest volcano on Isabela Island and was first described to science in 2009. As part of a population telemetry study, a health assessment was authorized by the Galápagos National Park. Wild adult iguanas were captured on Wolf Volcano in September 2019 and April 2021 to record morphological and physiological parameters including body temperature, heart rate, intraocular pressures, tear formation, and infrared iris images. Blood samples were also collected and analyzed. An i-STAT portable blood analyzer was used to obtain values for base excess in the extracellular fluid compartment (BEecf), glucose (Glu), hematocrit (HctPCV), hemoglobin (Hb), ionized calcium (iCa), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), partial pressure of oxygen (pO2),percent oxygen saturation (sO2%), pH, potassium (K), and sodium (Na). When possible, data were compared to previously published and available data for the other Galápagos iguanas. The results reported here provide baseline values that will be useful in detecting changes in health status among pink land iguanas affected by climate change, invasive species, anthropogenic threats, or natural disturbances. The collected data also provide an invaluable resource for conservation scientists planning to implement conservation strategies, like translocations, that may temporarily alter these baseline values.
A model-based approach for detecting and identifying faults on the D.C. side of a P.V. system using electrical signatures from I-V characteristics
Authors: Khan Muhammad Adnan , Khan Khalid , Khan Adnan Daud , Khan Zubair Ahmad , Khan Shahbaz , Mohammed Abdullah
Published: March 2022

With the development of distributed generation and the corresponding importance of the P.V. (photovoltaic) system, it is desired to operate a P.V. system efficiently and reliably. To ensure such an operation, a monitoring system is required to diagnose the health of the system. This paper aims to analyze a P.V. system under various operating conditions to identify parameters–derived from the I-V (current-voltage) characteristics of the P.V. system–that could serve as electrical signatures to various faulty operations and facilitate in devising a monitoring algorithm for the system. A model-based approach has been adopted to represent a P.V. system, using a one-diode model of a practical P.V. cell, developed in MATLAB/Simulink. The modelled system comprises two arrays, while each array has two panels in series. It was simulated for various operating conditions: healthy condition represented by STC (Standard Testing Condition), O.C. (open-circuited), soiling, P.S. (partial-shading), H.S. (panels hotspots) and P.D. (panels degradation) conditions. For the analysis of I-V curves under these conditions, six derived parameters were selected: Vte (equivalent thermal voltage), MCPF (maximum current point factor), Ri (currents ratio), S (slope), and Dv and Di (voltages and currents differences, respectively). Using these parameters, data of the actual system under various conditions were compared with its model-generated data for healthy operating conditions. Thresholds were set for each parameter’s value to mark normal operation range. It was observed that almost each considered fault creates a unique combination of sensitive parameters whose values exceeds the pre-defined thresholds, creating an electrical signature that will appear only when the corresponding conditions on the system are achieved. Based on these signatures, an algorithm has been proposed in this study which aims to identify and classify the considered faults. In comparison to other such studies, this work has been focused on those sensitive parameters for faults identification which shows greater sensitivity and contribute more to creation of unique sets of sensitive parameters for considered faults.
Effectiveness of acupuncture therapy for preventing emergence agitation in children: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Nakajima Daisuke , Mihara Takahiro , Hijikata Toshiyuki , Tomita Makoto , Goto Takahisa
Published: March 2022

Pain, autonomic distress, and emergence agitation occur commonly in children undergoing general anesthesia. While acupuncture therapy has been reported to effectively reduce such pain and autonomic distress in children, its effect in preventing emergence agitation remains unclear. Therefore, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis to evaluate the effect of acupuncture therapy in preventing emergence agitation in children undergoing general anesthesia. Methods and analysis This protocol was prepared according to the 2015 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for Protocols guidelines. We will conduct a search for randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effect of acupuncture therapy in preventing emergence agitation. The following databases will be searched for relevant articles: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase, and Web of Science; four pre-registration sites will be accessed from inception to April 1, 2021. No language restrictions will be applied. Two authors will independently scan and select eligible studies, extract the data, and assess the risk of bias. The incidence of emergence agitation will be combined as a risk ratio with a 95% confidence interval using a random-effect model. The I2 statistics will be used to assess heterogeneity. We will evaluate the quality of the clinical trials using the Cochrane methodology and assess the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. If appropriate, a trial sequential analysis will be performed. Expected outcomes This meta-analysis will be the first to evaluate the effect of acupuncture therapy in preventing emergence agitation in children. The findings from this meta-analysis have the potential to reveal pivotal factors that affect the clinical effect of acupuncture therapy, thereby supporting the optimization of acupuncture therapy for emergence agitation.

Protocol registration University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000040775).
Magnitude and factors associated with appropriate complementary feeding practice among mothers of children 6–23 months age in Shashemene town, Oromia- Ethiopia: Community based cross sectional study
Authors: Ahmed Junayde Abdurahmen , Sadeta Kebede Kumsa , Lenbo Kelil Hussein
Published: March 2022

Background

Inadequate complementary feeding is a major cause of childhood malnutrition. Malnutrition caused by insufficient complementary feeding accounts for more than one-third of all under-five mortality whereas appropriate feeding practices are critical for improving nutritional status and ensuring child survival. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of appropriate complementary feeding practices among mothers having 6–23 months children, from Feb.-march 2020 and associated factors in Shashemene Town, Oromia, Ethiopia.

Methods

From February to March of 2020, a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted. 536 mothers with children aged 6 to 23 months were chosen for the study using a two-stage sampling procedure. Data was collected by Face-to-face interviews during home-to-home visits with mothers who had children aged 6–23 months, using a structured questionnaire on the main complementary feeding indicators. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to analyze the data. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with appropriate complementary feeding practice, with statistical significance set at probability value < 0.05.

Results

The proportion of children aged 6–23 months who met the criteria for complementary food introduction, minimum meal frequency, minimum dietary diversity, minimum acceptable diet, and appropriate complementary feeding practices was 67.9 percent, 61.7 percent, 42.5 percent, 41.7 percent, and 30 percent, respectively. Child age 12–17 and 18–23 months were the independent factors associated with appropriate complementary feed practice [adjusted odd ratio (AOR): 2.32, 95 percent confidence interval (CI): (1.40–3.82)]. ** 1.91 (1.10–3.32) **. Socioeconomic status: mothers in the wealth index of the household, second, third, and fourth, [AOR: 4.27,95 percent, CI (1.8–10.22) ** 4.02(2.23–9.94) ** 7.02(3.27–15.1) **], number of antenatal care visits greater than or equal to four [AOR: 2.57,95 percent, CI: (1.3–5.05)] **, information sources [AOR: 3.5,95 percent, CI: (1.45–8.26) **].

Conclusion

This study found that children aged 6–23 months had a low level of appropriate complementary feeding practice. Mothers with children aged 6–11 months, the number of antenatal care (ANC) visits, socioeconomic status, sources of information, mothers’ knowledge, and positive attitude were all associated with appropriate feeding practices. As a result, nutritional education/counseling intervention on child feeding practices was suggested.
Epidemiology of Hepatitis C virus infection among incarcerated populations in North Dakota
Authors: Chandra Deb Liton , Hove Hannah , Miller Tracy K. , Pinks Kodi , Njau Grace , Hagan John J. , Jansen Rick J.
Published: March 2022

This retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HCV infections among individuals incarcerated in a state prison system and identify potential contributing factors to HCV infection. North Dakota Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (NDDOCR) data from 2009 to 2018 was used and period prevalence was calculated for this 10-year time period. The period prevalence of HCV infection was (15.13% (95% CI 14.39–15.90) with a marginally significant (p-value: 0.0542) increasing linear trend in annual prevalence over this period. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with HCV infection. The main significant independent risk factors for HCV infection in this incarcerated population were age >40 years [OR: 1.78 (1.37–2.32)]; sex [OR: 1.21 (1.03–1.43)]; race/ethnicity [OR: 1.97 (1.69–2.29)]; history of intravenous drug use (IVDU) [OR: 7.36 (6.41–8.44)]; history of needle or syringe sharing [OR: 7.57 (6.62–8.67)]; and alcohol use [OR: 0.87 (0.77–0.99)]. Study limitations include uncollected information on sexual history, frequency or duration of injection drug use and blood transfusion history of the incarcerated population. Considering the high prevalence of HCV infection and its associated risk factors, it is important to implement prevention programs such as syringe/needle exchanges and counsel with imprisoned IVD users.
Untangling population structure and genetic diversity of reticulocyte binding protein 2b (PvRBP2b) erythrocytic stage vaccine candidate in worldwide Plasmodium vivax isolates
Authors: Nourani Leila , Abouie Mehrizi Akram , Zakeri Sedigheh , Djadid Navid Dinparast
Published: March 2022

Backgrounds

Plasmodium vivaxis the predominantPlasmodiumspecies distributed extensively in the Americas and Asia-Pacific areas. Encoded protein byPlasmodium vivaxReticulocyte Binding Proteins (PvRBPs) family member are of critical prominence to parasite invasion and have been considered the significant targets in development of malaria vaccine for the blood stage. As high genetic polymorphism of parasites may impede the effectiveness of vaccine development, more research to unraveling genetic polymorphism ofpvrbp2bfrom various geographical regions seems indispensable to map the exact pattern of field isolates.

Methodology/Principal findings

The aim of this study was to determine the sequences of Iranianpvrbp2b(nt: 502–1896) gene and then, to ascertain polymorphism ofpvrbp2bgene, recombination, the level of genetic distances, evaluation of natural selection, and the prediction of B-cell epitopes of Iranian and globalP.vivaxisolates.Pvrbp2bpartial gene was amplified and sequenced from 60 IranianP.vivaxisolates. Iranianpvrbp2bsequences as well as 95 published sequences from five countries were used to evaluate the genetic diversity and neutral evolution signature in worldwide scale. A total of 38 SNPs were identified among 60 Iranianpvrbp2bsequences (32 non-synonymous and 6 synonymous mutations), and 32 amino acid substitutions were observed in 29 positions as compared to Sal-1 sequence. Worldwide sequence analysis showed that 44 amino acid changes had occurred in 37 positions of which seven polymorphic sites had trimorphic mutations while the rest was dimorphic. The overall nucleotide diversity for Iranian isolates was 0.00431 ± 0.00091 while the level of nucleotide diversity was ranged from 0.00337 ± 0.00076 (Peru) to 0.00452 ± 0.00092 (Thailand) in global scale.

Conclusions/Significance

Of amino acid substitutions, 12 replacements were located in the B-cell epitopes in which nine polymorphic sites were positioned in N-terminal and three polymorphic sites in predicted B-cell epitopes of C-terminal, signifying both variable and conserved epitopes for vaccine designing. Using the achieved outcome of the current investigation interrogate questions to the selection of conserved regions ofpvrbp2band understanding polymorphism and immune system pressure to pave a way for developing a vaccine based on PvRBP2b candidate antigen.
Jejunoileal mucosal growth in mice with a limited microbiome
Authors: Shaughnessy Matthew P. , Park Christine J. , Salvi Pooja S. , Cowles Robert A.
Published: March 2022

Previous work demonstrated enhanced enterocyte proliferation and mucosal growth in gnotobiotic mice, suggesting that intestinal flora participate in mucosal homeostasis. Furthermore, broad-spectrum enteral antibiotics are known to induce near germ-free (GF) conditions in mice with conventional flora (CONV). We hypothesized that inducing near GF conditions with broad-spectrum enteral antibiotics would cause ordered small intestinal mucosal growth in CONV mice but would have no effect in GF mice with no inherent microbiome. C57BL/6J CONV and GF mice received either an antibiotic solution (Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole, Vancomycin, Meropenem) or a vehicle alone. After treatment, small intestinal villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), mucosal surface area (MSA), crypt proliferation index (CPI), apoptosis, and villus and crypt cell types were assessed. Antibiotic-treated CONV (Abx-CONV) mice had taller villi, deeper crypts, increased CPI, increased apoptosis, and greater MSA compared to vehicle-treated CONV mice. Minor differences were noted in enterocyte and enterochromaffin cell proportions between groups, but goblet and Paneth cell proportions were unchanged in Abx-CONV mice compared to vehicle-treated CONV mice (p>0.05). Antibiotics caused no significant changes in VH or MSA in GF mice when compared to vehicle-treated GF mice (p>0.05). Enteral administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics to mice with a conventional microbiome stimulates ordered small intestinal mucosal growth. Mucosal growth was not seen in germ-free mice treated with antibiotics, implying that intestinal mucosal growth is associated with change in the microbiome in this model.
Is zero rating the end of net neutrality and the open internet? An analysis of business practices and policy approaches
Authors: Aerssens Janneke , Donders Karen , Trappel Josef
Published: March 2022

The open internet and net neutrality are intertwined. People debate whether net neutrality safeguards part of the open internet or not. The commercial aspect is paramount. Zero rating is one of these practices that is often discussed, especially in relation to developing countries. The open internet regulation addresses commercial practices. It is, however, vague and can be interpreted in multiple ways. To answer the question if zero rating is going against net neutrality or if it enables net neutrality, five case studies were analysed and 18 experts interviewed. To support the case studies, documents were analysed. In certain circumstances, it is useful to zero rate information. Zero rating mostly violates net neutrality and the open internet, because of its imbedded discrimination. Some zero rating offers are beneficial and do not harm competition. This mostly concerns offers evolving around e-learning, health and government information.
O DIREITO À BUSCA DA FELICIDADE DOS EMPREGADOS INSERIDOS EM ORGANIZAÇÕES DE TENDÊNCIA CONFESSIONAIS
Authors: Machado Prigol Natalia Munhoz , Villatore Marco Antônio César
Published: March 2022

Contextualização do tema: organizações de Tendências são entidades criadas com o objetivo de exteriorizar uma ideologia à sociedade, a exemplo das igrejas. O conceito jurídico implica no elastecimento do poder diretivo do empregador, o qual passa a poder exigir um comportamento de determinados empregados, dentro e fora do ambiente de trabalho, em consonância com a ideologia pregada, sob o argumento de proteger a imagem moral e a credibilidade da empregadora. Objetivos: objetiva-se com a pesquisa analisar se a aplicação deste conceito violaria o direito à felicidade originalmente disposto na Declaração de Independência norte-americana e, se afirmativo, qual deveria ser a postura do Estado?   Metodologia: para responder ao problema proposto se utiliza do método dedutivo, sendo a pesquisa dividida em três capítulos, respectivamente: (i) análise do direito à felicidade, cuja construção teórica leva a conclusão de ser sinônimo de liberdade; (ii) estudo do conceito Organizações de Tendência e consequências decorrentes de sua aplicação nas relações de emprego; (iii) exame do papel do Estado na proteção do direito à felicidade daqueles empregados inseridos em Organizações de Tendência.Resultados: conclui-se que o conceito restringe o direito à felicidade de empregados diretamente vinculados à atividade fim da organização, mas não impõe ao Estado um dever positivo de intervenção; pelo contrário, implica um dever de abstenção, prevalecendo a liberdade da empregadora de ditar as normas da organização.
SOCIAL RIGHTS THROUGH TAX EXPENDITURES: CONTROL, EFFICIENCY AND EQUALITY ISSUES
Authors: Menezes Breyner Frederico
Published: March 2022

Contextualização do tema: the main topic of this paper is the use of tax law as a tool to promote social rights by way of tax expenditures rules.  Objetivos: the objective is to analyze, through doctrinal and institutional legal research, whether these issues imply disapproval or recommendation of the use of tax law for this purpose. Metodologia: the method of the tax expenditure analysis allows to link tax law and social rights by relating tax breaks and public expenditures. Considering that the main dimension of social rights corresponds to a positive duty to provide goods and services to guarantee social welfare, the use of tax expenditures to fulfill this duty poses challenges in terms of efficiency, control, and equality.Resultados: the result is that that these challenges do not always point at tax expenditures as a poor tool to promote social rights. The argument of this paper is that the merits of tax expenditures depend on its design by legislators considering the adopted tax base (direct taxation on income or indirect taxation on consumption) and on the presence of other mechanisms to ensure tax equality.
Declining Colectomy Rates for Nonmalignant Colorectal Polyps in a Large, Ethnically Diverse, Community-Based Population
Authors: Alam Asim , Ma Christopher , Jiang Sheng-Fang , Jensen Christopher D. , Webb Kenneth H. , Boparai Eshandeep S. , Jue Terry L. , Munroe Craig A. , Gupta Suraj , Fox Jeffrey , Hamerski Christopher M. , Velayos Fernando S. , Corley Douglas A. , Lee Jeffrey K.
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Despite studies showing improved safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of endoscopic resection for nonmalignant colorectal polyps, colectomy rates for nonmalignant colorectal polyps have been increasing in the United States and Europe. Given this alarming trend, we aimed to investigate whether colectomy rates for nonmalignant colorectal polyps are increasing or declining in a large, integrated, community-based healthcare system with access to advanced endoscopic resection procedures.

METHODS:

We identified all individuals aged 50–85 years who underwent a colonoscopy between 2008 and 2018 and were diagnosed with a nonmalignant colorectal polyp(s) at the Kaiser Permanente Northern California integrated healthcare system. Among these individuals, we identified those who underwent a colectomy for nonmalignant colorectal polyps within 12 months after the colonoscopy. We calculated annual colectomy rates for nonmalignant colorectal polyps and stratified rates by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Changes in rates over time were tested by the Cochran-Armitage test for a linear trend.

RESULTS:

Among 229,730 patients who were diagnosed with nonmalignant colorectal polyps between 2008 and 2018, 1,611 patients underwent a colectomy. Colectomy rates for nonmalignant colorectal polyps decreased significantly from 125 per 10,000 patients with nonmalignant polyps in 2008 to 12 per 10,000 patients with nonmalignant polyps in 2018 (P < 0.001 for trend). When stratified by age, sex, and race and ethnicity, colectomy rates for nonmalignant colorectal polyps also significantly declined from 2008 to 2018.

DISCUSSION:

In a large, ethnically diverse, community-based population in the United States, we found that colectomy rates for nonmalignant colorectal polyps declined significantly over the past decade likely because of the establishment of advanced endoscopy centers, improved care coordination, and an organized colorectal cancer screening program.
Differential Expression of Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR in Intestinal Metaplasia and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Petkevicius Vytenis , Thon Cosima , Steponaitiene Ruta , Skieceviciene Jurgita , Janciauskas Dainius , Jechorek Doerthe , Malfertheiner Peter , Kupcinskas Juozas , Link Alexander
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION:

High expression of HOTAIR promotes tumor growth and carries a dismal prognosis for the patient. We investigated the prognostic value of HOTAIR expression in gastric cancer (GC) and systematically delineate the expression in relation to Helicobacter pylori infection and preneoplastic changes.

METHODS:

HOTAIR expression was analyzed in surgical paired tissue samples of patients with GC and biopsy samples from patients with atrophic gastritis and/or intestinal metaplasia (AG ± -IM), chronic nonatrophic gastritis, and controls. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) data were used for validation. HOTAIR expression was evaluated in sera and ascites of patients with GC. Quantitative HOTAIR expression analysis was performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and LINE-1 methylation was assessed by bisulfite pyrosequencing.

RESULTS:

HOTAIR was more frequently detected in tumor tissues compared with adjacent gastric mucosa (65.4% vs 8.6%). HOTAIR expression was associated with depth of tumor invasion and tumor location and with shorter overall survival in patients with diffuse-type GC as confirmed in the TCGA cohort. HOTAIR was not detectable in controls but was found in 2.2% of patients with chronic nonatrophic gastritis and 18.3% of patients with AG ± IM, which was further associated with IM, grade of IM, and H. pylori positivity.

DISCUSSION:

HOTAIR expression was associated with GC and preneoplastic changes of stomach mucosa. Although HOTAIR expression was strongly linked to IM, HOTAIR expression was only associated with worse prognosis in Lauren diffuse and not intestinal type of GC. Further studies are needed to evaluate the value of HOTAIR as diagnostic and predictive biomarker in IM and translational therapeutic relevance of HOTAIR in diffuse-type GC.

JOURNAL/cltg/04.03/01720094-202205000-00011/inline-graphic1/v/2023-08-15T223532Z/r/image-tiff
Experiments with Body Agent Architecture: The 586-year-old Spiritello in Il Regno Digitale
Authors: Ayuso Alessandro
Published: March 2022

Experiments with Body Agent Architecture puts forward the notion of body agents: non-ideal, animate and highly specific figures integrated with design to enact particular notions of embodied subjectivity in architecture. Body agents present opportunities for architects to increase imaginative and empathic qualities in their designs, particularly amidst a posthuman condition. Beginning with narrative writing from the viewpoint of a body agent, an estranged ‘quattrocento spiritello’ who finds himself uncomfortably inhabiting a digital milieu (or, as the spiritello calls it, ‘Il Regno Digitale’), the book combines speculative historical fiction and original design experiments. It focuses on the process of creating the multi-media design experiments, moving from the design of the body itself as an original prosthetic to architectural proposals emanating from the body. A fragmented history of the figure in architecture is charted and woven into the designs, with chapters examining Michelangelo’s enigmatic figures in his drawings for the New Sacristy in the early sixteenth century, Gian Lorenzo Bernini’s physically ephemeral ‘putti’ adorning chapels and churches in the seventeenth century, and Austrian artist-architect Walter Pichler’s personal and prescient figures of the twentieth century.
Priority Strategy of Financial Institution Pension Funds (FIPF) for Islamic Scheme in Indonesia: Internal, Market, and Regulation Approach
Authors: Effendi Jaenal
Published: March 2022

According to a survey conducted by Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), 74.8% of workers and 85.7% of employers are attracted to Islamic pension funds. However, its market share is still relatively low compared to other Islamic financial product. The purpose of this study is to identify the internal, market and regulation issues that affect the development of FIPF (financial institution pension funds) and construct the strategy to develop FIPF for Islamic scheme. This study applies the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the strategy based on the priority scale assessed by several experts. The internal issues of FIPF are the priority of both problems and solutions in the development of FIPF for Islamic schemes. Furthermore, from the identification of problems and solutions, the strategy for optimizing FIPF scheme performance and services are the main strategies in expanding the FIPF’s market, followed by FIPF's socialization and literacy strategy, and strategies for strengthening relationships and synergy between the authority and FIPF management.
Influence of planning time and task type on lexis in L2 oral performance
Authors: GILANLIOGLU Ilkay
Published: March 2022

Building up a stock of vocabulary with operational sufficiency is a formidable task for L2 learners. An adequate portion of their vocabulary needs to be readily accessible and retrievable for productive use in real communication. This study investigated the possible effects of the availability of planning time and task type on L2 learners’ lexical production in oral performance. It employed a 2x2 experimental design, where there were two independent variables (planning time and task type), each with two levels (no planning and with planning; descriptive and narrative). Participants were 102 (51 females and 51 males) intermediate level Preparatory School university students at an English-medium university in Turkey. The 51 dyads performed oral descriptive and narrative tasks under no planning and with planning conditions. The oral production of the participants were analyzed using two major measures: lexical complexity, and lexical accuracy. Lexical complexity was measured by word length in syllables and by lexical richness/variation with sub-measures of type-token ratio, lexical word range, grammatical word range, lexical-to-grammatical ratio and lexical density. Lexical accuracy was measured by the number of error-free clauses. The results revealed that lexical use is predominantly determined by task type rather than planning time. Narrative tasks elicited more complex and richer vocabulary than descriptive tasks. Availability of planning time appeared to positively influence the accuracy of lexis used, but at the cost of lower degree of richness/variation. The results also indicated that a focus on lexis could be induced through task design, which fosters various aspects of L2 lexical use.
The Relationship between Theory and Practice: An Examination Based on Pre-Service Teachers' Beliefs
Authors: BAYRAK OZMUTLU Emel
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to conduct an examination based on pre-service teachers' beliefs about the theoretical content of teacher education programmes. The research was carried out with a basic qualitative research design. The study group of the research was determined with the criterion sampling method, which is one of the purposive sampling methods. The study group of the research consisted of 134 pre-service teachers studying in three different programmes in their eighth semester. Analyses were performed on belief statements labelled with 582 in vivo codes. An extensive and detailed analysis process consisting of three stages was followed in the research. The research shows that the highest rate of pre-service teachers' beliefs about the functions of theoretical content were in the remembering category. Pre-service teachers' beliefs about the dysfunctionality of theoretical content mostly reflected their preconceptions about theoretical content. Beliefs about how the dysfunctionality of theoretical content could be overcome were related to the need to solve the problems of trust, permanence and context in teacher education programmes. In teacher education programmes, pre-service teachers need to focus on ways to deal with the functions of theoretical content at the metacognitive level and to overcome their preconceptions about theoretical content.
CRITIQUE OF THE ASILOMAR AI PRINCIPLES = AZ ASILOMARI ELVEK KRITIKÁJA
Authors: Olivér Gábor
Published: March 2022

The intelligent man with consciousness is the pinnacle of the evolution of matter that we know. So far. We know, however, that evolution will not stop. Although with sections and dead ends of varying lengths, it is moving towards the increasing complexity of organizations, so it is probably not the human in today's sense is its end point. The development of artificial intelligences that we are planning, for example, may meet both our intentions and the criteria of evolution, but as a novelty it also holds the possibility of a future without us. The latter, in turn, creates tension between the species-maintainer desires of homo sapiens and the unknown future course of evolution. The Asilomar principles seek to alleviate this tension by limiting the development of artificial intelligences. However, as technological advances lead to an increase in autonomy, this is at most a plan for time-gaining. In addition to the Asilomar program, then, there is a need for a “Second Foundation” that can reconcile the future of man not only with artificial intelligences but also with evolution. If we want to survive, the evolutionary adaptation of homo sapiens could really ease the pressure of technological determinism on us. At the 2017 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Safety Technology in Asilomar, participants signed an agreement.[1] They were of the opinion that the development of artificial intelligences should be controlled. More specifically, to limit the future development of algorithms in a way that suits for homo sapiens. In doing so, they sought to meet the future challenges posed by autonomous technologies.[2] The question is whether the Asilomar goal is a real possibility or just a formulation of desires? In the following, after a brief introduction to the ability or get know and formability of the future, I examine the truthfulness of the Asilomar program.
Grounding texts and theories of societal change
Authors: Hawkes Jason D. , Abbas Riza , Casile Anne , C.M. Jaseera , Lefrancq Coline , Toraskar Sitaram
Published: March 2022

During the mid-first millennium AD, new kingdoms and states emerged across South Asia. At this time, land grants made to Hindu temples are thought to have led to wide-ranging societal transformations. To date, however, neither the land-grant charters nor the changes they are said to have driven have been studied archaeologically. Here, the authors present the results of the first archaeological investigation of the charters and their landscape context. Bringing together the textual record with a survey of 268 religious and residential sites, the results establish historical baselines against which the longue durée developments of South Asian social, political and economic formation can be profitably re-posed.
Formación pedagógica y aprendizajes vitales de maestros becarios en la universidad industrial de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Rodríguez Denix Alberto , Bonilla Sánchez Gilberto , Cardona Ospina Roberto Alonso
Published: March 2022

Introducción. La experiencia de formación docente en el contexto de la maestría en pedagogía en una universidad colombiana y con el auspicio del gobierno nacional es el eje central del presente ejercicio documental desde la experiencia docente orientada por maestros universitarios que lograron trascender el aprendizaje teórico para hacerlo vital. Método. La experiencia de los docentes participantes indica que hubo conexión directa con los grupos de maestros por ello puede indicarse que hubo Investigación-Acción de corte cualitativo, pero además se parte de un Estudio de Caso particular donde se hacen juiciosos análisis a partir de la observación participante de los investigadores desde experiencia pedagógica vivida. Resultados. Se halla que como escenario y punto común de la experiencia pedagógica con los becarios, pudieron afianzarse saberes pero a la vez tocar la sensibilidad y emocionalidad de aquellas personas que desde los diversos contextos de desempeño interpelaron sus prácticas pedagógicas y  buscaron nuevos  horizontes de sentido haciéndose sus propios investigadores. Discusión. La motivación y el deseo imperante de transformar la escuela desde la indagación de las propias prácticas pedagógicas teniendo como eje transversal el trabajo ingente por la educación emocional, las historia de vida y el pensamiento crítico constituyen los valores agregados que los maestrante cuidan y llevan ahora celosamente a las aulas, como depositarios de un renovado saber pedagógico que integra de manera particular el aprendizaje teórico con el mundo de vida de sus estudiantes.
Ensamblajes activistas: Feminismos y Revuelta social en Chile
Authors: De Fina Gonzalez Débora
Published: March 2022

Este artículo presenta una propuesta teórica para nuevos tiempos de activismos en Chile. Busca construir un análisis actual sobre el desarrollo de los movimientos feministas en la última década, considerando sus procesos de fortalecimiento y expansión como una relevante fuerza social crítica, transformadora y propositiva, que se ha destacado como partícipe, actuante y co-constructora de los recientes procesos de revuelta popular en el contexto del llamado estallido social iniciado en octubre de 2019, en el proceso constituyente y frente a las dificultades presentadas por la pandemia. Partiendo de los conceptos de campos discursivos de acción y assemblage, se propone interpretar las nuevas relaciones, espacios y eventos de protestas compuestos por el campo feminista en sus interacciones con otros actores y movimientos sociales contemporáneos en Chile, cómo ensamblajes activistas que, en su accionar y a partir de sus interacciones, crean propiedades emergentes, nuevas, distintas, que solo se dan bajo estos ensamblajes. Un “verdadero devenir” con gran potencial político – creativo y conflictivo – a partir del cual pensar la sociedad chilena actual.
La protesta en tiempos extraordinarios. Un análisis de su dinámica segmentada durante la cuarentena (Argentina, 2020)
Authors: Natalucci Ana , Stefanetti Camila
Published: March 2022

A partir de la cuarentena dispuesta por el gobierno nacional frente a la pandemia provocada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, muchas de las actividades económicas y sociales se vieron afectadas. La protesta social no fue la excepción, diversos actores se encontraron con nuevas y antiguas demandas, que en este contexto se volvieron aún más urgentes. Frente a este contexto, nos preguntamos ¿qué características asumió la protesta durante la cuarentena? ¿Quiénes se manifestaron, cuáles fueron sus demandas y sus repertorios de acción? A partir del método de análisis de conteo de eventos de protestas, este artículo reconstruye la dinámica de la protesta social en la cuarentena identificando sus principales organizaciones, demandas, formatos y lugares de realización. El período analizado se extendió entre el 16 de marzo al 7 de junio. El análisis se realizó a partir del relevamiento de información en 4 fuentes periodísticas impresas y digitales. La hipótesis que organiza el artículo sostiene que durante este período predominó el uso de protestas de tipo segmentadas, con una tendencia a la localización desnacionalizada y a demandas específicas. De este modo, este tipo de protesta se constituyó como una de las estrategias de las organizaciones, que fueron complementando con negociaciones institucionales.
Innovaciones metodológicas en el estudio de nuevos fenómenos sociales: masificación de los feminismos y transformaciones académicas
Authors: Singer Mariela
Published: March 2022

El objetivo del presente texto es reflexionar sobre innovaciones metodológicas y académicas producidas en los últimos años en la Argentina en el marco de la masificación de las luchas feministas. El escrito comienza reconstruyendo desplazamientos epistemológicos producidos en el terreno internacional en las últimas décadas con la expansión de los feminismos y el ingreso de la teoría queer al ámbito académico. En segundo lugar, da cuenta de posibilidades metodológicas que han irrumpido desde posturas en línea con esos desplazamientos. Finalmente, expone transformaciones ocurridas en la Argentina con la implosión de los feminismos desde 2015, que ha permeado la producción de conocimiento y generado aperturas en las normas de redacción de trabajos de investigación y en los diseños metodológicos de los mismos. En este punto, el escrito se centra en los cambios introducidos en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, de trayectoria reconocida en el trabajo con temáticas feministas dentro del sistema universitario argentino. El trabajo se enmarca en una metodología cualitativa y concluye que los feminismos de las últimas décadas, potenciados en los últimos años, han permitido visibilizar aspectos conservadores de nuestros ámbitos de producción de conocimiento y han plasmado cambios que requieren ser profundizados.
Esplendor de la pontificia universidad tomística en Bogotá 1855-1861
Authors: Gómez Bello Eduardo Alberto
Published: March 2022

Por varias épocas ha atravesado la USTA, unas de crisis y otras de esplendor, pero tal vez la más importante de estas, en el siglo xix, fue la comprendida entre 1855 a 1861. Una época de esplendor que fue posible porque la antecedió una de crisis. Reseñemos brevemente esta última para centrarnos en la primera, antes de la última y fatal crisis de 1861.
La evaluación de la competencia reflexiva en la lectura crítica desde el enfoque socioformativo
Authors: Agudelo Luis
Published: March 2022

La ausencia de herramientas educativas por parte de los docentes para evaluar la competencia reflexiva en la lectura crítica de forma integral en los estudiantes de educación básica primaria constituye una pieza fundamental a fin determinar sus logros, oportunidades y dificultades. Por consiguiente, el diseño de un instrumento de evaluación bajo un enfoque socioformativo posibilita valorar por completo el desarrollo de esta competencia en cada uno de sus indicadores y niveles de dominio, en tal sentido que respondan a las exigencias internacionales de la formación en competencias. Para alcanzar dicho propósito, se hizo un análisis documental, contrastado con la experiencia respecto a la práctica evaluativa de la lectura crítica en el área de lengua castellana; obteniendo como producto el diseño de una rúbrica que satisface los criterios del enfoque socioformativo, al permitir la retroalimentación, sistematización y evaluación de los procesos de la enseñanza en el desarrollo de las competencias lectoras.