bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paul Gerson Unna (1850–1929) – Genius of all times
Authors: Gangan Reshmi
Published: April 2021

Paul Gerson Unna, one of the leading dermatologists of Central Europe, was way ahead of his time. The originality of this meticulous researcher always reflected in his works on anatomy and histology of the skin. Field of dermatology was made very attractive and appealing to many at that time by his first book on histopathology. His revolutionary Unna boot was only a minor invention when compared to his extensive contribution to the educational research and therapeutic dermatology.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN AIR SUMBER PAKAN ORANGUTAN KALIMANTAN (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) DI STASIUN RISET CABANG PANTI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG PALUNG KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Samudera Victor , Prayogo Hari , Widhanarto Ganjar Oki
Published: April 2021

Water is a very important nutrient for primate health, as it serves as a medium facilitating chemical reactions in the body. The abundance of food sources in forests is one of the things keeping orangutans from extinction. Therefore, it is important to know the proportion of water in the food of orangutans in the forest, their natural environment. Our goal was to define the content of water in the diet of Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii). The method used in this study is gravimetry, an analysis method based on weight measurements involving the formation, isolation and measurement of the weight of a food ingredient. Results showed the highest water content in the fruits of genus Gironniera 93,634%, and the lowest in the fruits of genus Ficus 38,771%. Based on age and gender, the percentage of consumption of feed water content in orangutans shows that there are differences.Keywords: Analysis of water content, feed, orangutans
POTENSI JENIS LEBAH MADU KELULUT (Trigona spp) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DESA GALANG KECAMATAN SUNGAI PINYUH KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH
Authors: Lukman Lukman , Hardiansyah Gusti , Siahaan Sarma
Published: April 2021

The Trigona bee is a small black insect with a body length of 3-4 mm and a wingspan of 8 mm. East Kalimantan has found Trigona spp bees, namely T. laeviseps, T. apicalis, T. Drescheri. T. fucibasis, T. fuscobalteata, T. insica, T. itama, T. melina and T. terminate. This study aims to determine the potential of kelulut honey bees (Trigona spp) in the community honey farmer group of Galang Sungai Pinyuh Village, Mempawah Regency, to identify the types of kelulut bees (Trigona spp) in the box (stup) that  made by the honey farmer group of Galang Village. Sungai Pinyu, Mempawah Regency, Analyzing the additional economic income of the Galang Village community, Sungai Pinyuh District, Mempawah Regency. This research was conducted in Galang Sungai Pinyuh Village Mempawah Regency which was conducted for 1 month in the field, by using the survey method, by using the method, which is the activity of finding the existence of a species that is the object of bee research. There are 2 types of Trigona spp bees cultivated in the Galang Kelulut Honey Forest Farmers Group, namely H. itama Cockerel, and H. bakeri, and processing of kelulut honey (Trigona spp) will benefit greatly from the services of kelulut honey (Trigona spp). Harvesting of kelulut honey from honey farmers is 15-30 liters / month. The selling price for consumers is around IDR 400,000 for every 1 liter. From the research above, it is concluded that the potential of kelulut honey bees (Trigona spp) can increase the income of the people of Galang Village, Sungai Pinyuh District, Mempawah Regency.Keywords: Community economy, Potency, Trigona.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN BERKHASIAT OBAT DI HUTAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA PONTIANAK
Authors: Megawati Megawati , Ekyastuti Wiwik , Herawatiningsih Ratna
Published: April 2021

Since a long time ago, Indonesians have already known and utilized medicinal plants to overcome health problems. Tanjungpura University (UNTAN) was a part of the green open space in Pontianak, where there are green vegetation surroundings, whether plants , stakes, poles, or trees. Some of those plants have the potential to come as a medicinal. This research aimed to find the value of medicinal plants’ diversity in Tanjungpura University forestry. The advantage of this research will hopefully provide some knowledge about medicinal plant which later can be managed and preserved in Tanjungpura University. This research was conducted in the secondary forest of forestry faculty and Tanjungpura University Arboretum. This research used survey listen double ply technique as the method. Every surveillance partition have a size of 20 x 20 m, consisting of 8 partition on each forest, made up a total  of 0,64 Ha. Based on the research findings of medicinal plants in secondary Arboretum forest at seedling levels = 1,03, sapling = 0,88, pole = 0,19, tree = 0,97 while the secondary forest of forestry faculty at the seedling level = 0,79, sapling = 0,58, pole = 0,55, tree = 0,86.Keyword : Arboretum, Forest, Medicinal Plants, Species Diversity, Survey Methods.
PENGELOLAAN MADU LALAU OLEH MASYARAKAT DESA NANGA LAUK KECAMATAN EMBALOH HILIR KABUPATEN KAPUAS HULU
Authors: Hariska Hariska , Dewantara Iswan , Muflihati Muflihati
Published: April 2021

The management of forest honey in Nanga Lauk Village is still carried out modestly by the local community. The honeycomb tree is a tree that is tall, big, and sturdy with wide branches that bees naturally nest in. Forest honey belongs to the Apis dorsata forest bee which is the most productive honey bee in producing honey. This study aims to examine the way on how the management of forest honey in Nanga Lauk Village, Embaloh Hilir District, Kapuas Hulu Regency. A survey method with observation and interview techniques is employed in this study. Interviews were conducted with people who own the honeycomb trees. Respondents were selected using a census technique based on ownership of honeycomb trees. The data are obtained from respondents who own honeycomb trees with a total of 10 groups that have been studied. Based on the qualitative descriptive analysis, the Nanga Lauk Village community has carried out traditional honey management in groups for generations starting from forest area maintenance, forest honey harvesting, packaging, and marketing. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the management of forest honey in Nanga Lauk Village still uses honeycomb trees which have been applied from generation to generation. This is one of the values to maintain and preserve the existence of forest honey bees in Nanga Lauk Village.Keywords: forest honey, Nanga Lauk Village, ownership of honeycomb trees, honey processing Abstrak Pengelolaan madu hutan di Desa Nanga Lauk masih dilakukan secara sederhana oleh masyarakat setempat. Pohon sarang lalau adalah pohon yang tinggi dan besar serta kokoh dan memiliki dahan lebar yang dihinggapi lebah untuk bersarang secara alami. Madu lalau berasal dari lebah hutan Apis dorsata yang merupakan lebah madu yang paling produktif dalam penghasil madu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk pengelolaan madu hutan di Desa Nanga Lauk, Kecamatan Embalaoh Hilir, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap masyarakat yang memiliki pohon sarang lalau. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik sensus berdasarkan kepemilikan pohon sarang lalau. Penelitian ini memperoleh data dari responden yang memiliki pohon sarang madu sendiri dengan jumlah 10 kelompok yang telah diteliti. Berdasarkan analisis diskriptif kualitatif,  pengelolaan madu lalau dilakukan oleh Masyarakat Desa Nanga Lauk secara tradisional, turun temurun dan berkelompok mulai dari pemeliharaan kawasan hutan, pemanenan madu hutan, pengemasan dan pemasaran. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan madu hutan di Desa Nanga Lauk masih menggunakan pohon sarang lalau yang diterapkan secara turun-temurun. Hal ini merupakan salah satu nilai untuk mempertahankan dan melestarikan keberadaan lebah madu hutan yang ada di Desa Nanga Lauk. Kata kunci : madu lalau, Desa Nanga Lauk, kepemilikan pohon sarang, pengolahan madu, pemasaran
Surface Molecule Manipulated Pt/TiO2 Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde
Authors: Tao Ran , Shan Bing-Qian , Sun Hao-Di , Ding Meng , Xue Qing-Song , Jiang Jin-Gang , Peng Wu , Zhang Kun
Published: April 2021

Surface states—the electronic states emerging as a solid material terminates at a surface—are usually vulnerable to contaminations and defects. This fundamental limitation has prohibited systematic studies of the potential role of surface states in surface reactions and catalysis, especially in more realistic environments. Herein, we use selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde (CAL) on platinum-covered titanium oxide (Pt@P25) as a prototype reaction, and show that the competitive exchange of extra-introduced species (sodium hydroxide and sodium formate) with spontaneously formed weak bound carbonate and bicarbonate anions at Pt NPs can reconstruct the surface states, which directs the preferred adsorption of the conjugated C=O and C=C double bonds of CAL, and consequently, results in highly efficient synthesis of unsaturated alcohol cinnamyl alcohol (COL) and saturated aldehyde hydrocinnamaldehyde (HCAL) with high selectivity of 98.9% and 99.5%, respectively. Our concept of restructured surface states to tune the chemoselectivity of α, β-unsaturated aldehydes triggered by the selective adsorption of alien molecules may lead to new design principles of heterogeneous catalysts, beyond the conventional d-band theory.
Structure-Based De Novo Molecular Generator Combined with Artificial Intelligence and Docking Simulations
Authors: Ma Biao , Terayama Kei , Matsumoto Shigeyuki , Isaka Yuta , Sasakura Yoko , Iwata Hiroaki , Araki Mitsugu , Okuno Yasushi
Published: April 2021

Recently, molecular generation models based on deep learning have attracted significant attention in drug discovery. However, most existing molecular generation models have a serious limitation in the context of drug design wherein they do not sufficiently consider the effect of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the target protein in the generation process. In this study, we developed a new deep learning-based molecular generator, SBMolGen, that integrates a recurrent neural network, a Monte Carlo tree search, and docking simulations. The results of an evaluation using four target proteins (two kinases and two G protein-coupled receptors) showed that the generated molecules had a better binding affinity score (docking score) than the known active compounds, and they possessed a broader chemical space distribution. SBMolGen not only generates novel binding active molecules but also presents 3D docking poses with target proteins, which will be useful in subsequent drug design.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA TỈ LỆ Ba/Ti LÊN ĐẶC TRƯNG CỦA HẠT NANO BaTiO3 TỔNG HỢP BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP THỦY NHIỆT
Authors: Ơn Đỗ Viết , Anh Đỗ Phương , Thịnh Nguyễn Văn , Tùng Võ Thanh , Chương Trương Văn
Published: April 2021

Vật liệu BaTiO3 nano hình cầu phân tán cao với kích thước đồng đều được tổng hợp bằng phương pháp thủy nhiệt. Ảnh hưởng của tỉ lệ mol Ba/Ti lên sự hình thành vật liệu được nghiên cứu bằng cách phân tích dữ liệu XRD và SEM. TiO2·nH2O tổng hợp bằng phương pháp axit sunfuric với sự hỗ trợ sóng siêu âm được sử dụng làm nguyên liệu ban đầu. Vật liệu nano BaTiO3 hình cầu với độ phân tán cao và kích thước trung bình khoảng 100 nm đã thu được tại 200 °C trong 12 giờ với tỉ lệ Ba/Ti = 1,5. Tỷ lệ Ba/Ti ảnh hưởng mạnh đến sự hình thành BaTiO3 nano hình cầu với quá trình chuyển pha. Khi tăng tỉ lệ Ba/Ti, kích thước hạt tăng và tính đồng nhất giảm.
About finding of mesozoic reptiles in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Yakupova J. B.
Published: April 2021

he article is devoted to the description of a new representative of the family Undorosauridae, found on the territory of the West Kazakhstan region. A new genus of ichthyosaurs of the family Undorosauridae has been identified. The main diagnostic features of this family are incomplete medial fusion of the sciatic and pubic bones, as well as a peculiar structure of the skull (large nasal opening, oval eye socket, wide occipital part and the structure of the occipital part. In this work, we applied the generally accepted paleontological methods of field and laboratory research: standard procedure for working with paleontological material to extract the studied samples from the host rock; morphological and morphometric analysis of fossils in species diagnostics. The similarity in the structure of the skull, postcranial skeleton, belts, limbs allows us to attribute the described ichthyosaur skeleton to the family Undorosauridae. Geological age: late Jurassic, Middle Volga tier, Zaraiskites Zarajskensis zone.
Effects of Whey Protein Isolate Ingestion on Muscle Protein Synthesis at Rest and After Resistance-exercise in Middle-aged Men: A Research Protocol
Authors: Zhao David , Evers Parrish
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a syndrome primarily found in elderly individuals and is defined by decreased skeletal muscle mass and strength. Sarcopenia often increases the risk or is comorbid with various diseases. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the appropriate dosage of whey protein isolate (WPI) for middle-aged men at rest and after resistance-exercise for maximum muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and to reduce the risk of sarcopenia.
Methods: 50 healthy men (age 45± 5yrs, BMI < 30 kg/m2) will be randomly assigned an amount of ingested WPI (0g,10g,20g,30g,40g). 24 hours prior, a baseline saliva sample and ingestion of 5 doses of 150 mL bolus (70% D2O) every 2 hours will be completed at the participants’ own homes. On the day of the study, a saliva sample will be taken 1 hour before 10 repetitions of maximum unilateral leg extension. After the exercise protocol (t = 0 h), saliva samples will be obtained every hour until t = 6 h and 3 muscle biopsies at t = 0 h, t = 3 h, and t = 6 h. After isolating myofibrillar protein fractions from the biopsies, the samples will be analyzed using gas chromatography-pyrolysis-isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GC-P-IRMS). Analysing saliva samples will be conducted using temperature conversion elemental analyzer (TC/EA) followed by isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). Atom percent excess for both deuterium enrichment of protein-bound alanine and precursor enrichment will be conducted to allow the calculation of fractional synthetic rate (FSR, %/h).
Discussion: We anticipate FSR (%/h) will be significantly greater in the exercised leg compared to the unexercised leg at each WPI ingestion dosage. Furthermore, we anticipate that ≥20 g of ingested WPI will be sufficient for maximal MPS at rest. Finally, we anticipate that at ≥30 g ingestion of WPI will be sufficient for maximal MPS after resistance training. It is beneficial for physicians to know the optimal dose for MPS in middle-aged adults, so they can suggest more accurate recommendations of proactive protein intake. This will help alleviate the high prevalence of sarcopenia and its detrimental effects on health, healthcare, and the economy.
Beyond burdens and climate refugees: a stocktake of international responsibility-sharing and South Pacific climate-induced migration
Authors:   , McElwain Daisy
Published: April 2021

This paper provides a ‘stocktake’ of common responsibility-sharing principles and goals in international agreements on climate change and refugees/migration to date and investigates how these principles might inform an Oceania agreement to deal with the emerging issue of South Pacific climate-induced migration. Where international agreements on climate change and refugees/migration overlap I identify a set of responsibility-sharing principles and goals and investigate their compatibility with the needs and demands of Pacific communities facing the prospect of climate-induced displacement. In this paper, I tap into ongoing political and academic debates concerning if and how we ought to differentiate states’ environmental responsibilities. I ask whose responsibility is it to address climate-induced migration? And what exactly are they responsible for? I find that international agreements on climate change and refugees/migration sufficiently overlap with the needs of Pacific communities to provide us with five common responsibility-sharing principles and goals that are potentially useful in the South Pacific climate migration context: the ability to pay principle, polluter pays principle, prevention, emissions reduction and (funding) adaptation. Notwithstanding responsibility-sharing’s negotiation difficulties, these responsibility-sharing principles have significant congruence with Pacific communities’ needs and demands, and thus provide us with a valuable starting point for an Oceania agreement on climate-induced migration that is informed first and foremost by the needs of those who may have to leave their homes.
Beyond burdens and climate refugees: a stocktake of international responsibility-sharing and South Pacific climate-induced migration
Authors: McElwain Daisy
Published: April 2021

This paper provides a ‘stocktake’ of common responsibility-sharing principles and goals in international agreements on climate change and refugees/migration to date and investigates how these principles might inform an Oceania agreement to deal with the emerging issue of South Pacific climate-induced migration. Where international agreements on climate change and refugees/migration overlap I identify a set of responsibility-sharing principles and goals and investigate their compatibility with the needs and demands of Pacific communities facing the prospect of climate-induced displacement. In this paper, I tap into ongoing political and academic debates concerning if and how we ought to differentiate states’ environmental responsibilities. I ask whose responsibility is it to address climate-induced migration? And what exactly are they responsible for? I find that international agreements on climate change and refugees/migration sufficiently overlap with the needs of Pacific communities to provide us with five common responsibility-sharing principles and goals that are potentially useful in the South Pacific climate migration context: the ability to pay principle, polluter pays principle, prevention, emissions reduction and (funding) adaptation. Notwithstanding responsibility-sharing’s negotiation difficulties, these responsibility-sharing principles have significant congruence with Pacific communities’ needs and demands, and thus provide us with a valuable starting point for an Oceania agreement on climate-induced migration that is informed first and foremost by the needs of those who may have to leave their homes.
By the Strength of Their Enemies: The Virtue of the Stereotypical Antagonist in Terry Pratchett's 'Witches' Novels
Authors:   , Joule Catherine
Published: April 2021

The comic fantasy Discworld novels of Terry Pratchett (1948-2015) are marked by their clear and insightful approaches to complex ethical issues. This has been noted in academic approaches from the beginning, with Farah Mendlesohn’s chapter “Faith and Ethics” appearing in the early collection Terry Pratchett: Guilty of Literature (2000) and many others since touching on the issues Pratchett raises. However, this thesis’s investigation into the use of stereotypes in characterisation and development of the antagonist figures within the Discworld novels breaks new ground in mapping the course of Pratchett’s approaches across six Discworld novels.

This argument will focus on the ‘Witches’ sequence of novels: Equal Rites (1987), Wyrd Sisters (1988), Witches Abroad (1991), Lords and Ladies (1992), Maskerade (1995), and Carpe Jugulum (1998). Unlike other sequences in the Discworld series, these novels have a strong metatextual focus on the structural components of narrative. In this context, stereotypes facilitate both the humour and the moral arguments of these novels. Signifiers of stereotypes invoke expectations which are as often thwarted as they are fulfilled and, while resulting in humour, this process also reflects on the place of the individual within the community, the nature of right and wrong, and how we as people control the narratives which define our lives and ourselves. In closely examining the role of antagonists in the development of an ethical thread through the sequence, I argue that the careful use of stereotypes in these texts serves as a key shorthand in engaging the reader in the philosophical bent of the novels.
Seeping Ugly
Authors:   , Louisson Charles
Published: April 2021

This thesis examines the human experience of encountering manifestations of historical pollution from the Houghton Bay legacy landfill in Wellington New Zealand. While much scholarship has already been dedicated to researching the broad characteristics of environmental victims, there exists a gap within the literature regarding the specific human experiences of historical pollution within urban contexts. This thesis tells the experiential stories of the Houghton Bay residents and their encounters with the landfill and examines their efforts to have overseeing institutions acknowledge their victimization. Through the examination of institutional documents, scientific evidence, visual illustrations and ten qualitative interviews with Houghton Bay residents, the research constructs a holistic view of how a deliberately confused and obfuscated informational landscape concerning a case of historical pollution can not only inhibit institutional acknowledgement of the experience of becoming and living as an environmental victim, but exasperate it. The thesis concludes that the human experience of historical pollution within urban settings is complicated by means of state and corporate propagated agnosis and ainigmology, and that in that process the question of ‘who is responsible’ becomes evident.
Educational Leaders’ Views About School Culture, Climate, Leadership, And Success: A Comparative Study Of New Zealand, Finland, And Ghana
Authors:   , Baafi Darko
Published: April 2021

This comparative project explored educational leaders’ views, practices, and experiences in relation to school culture, climate, leadership, and student success in three international contexts: New Zealand, Finland, and Ghana. Taking an interpretive methodological stance, the study used policy documents, observations, artefacts, and interviews as data sources. A total of twenty-seven participants (school leaders, university experts, and Ministry officials) took part; nine from each of the three countries.

Key insights from the study include identifying positive aspects from each of the three countries. Generally, each of the cases showed positive relationships between students’ success and teacher-teacher, teacher-students, teacher-principal, shared leadership, teamwork, school-based guidance and counselling, and more. Specifically, for New Zealand, positive impetus for students’ success included, respect for teaching, use of local curriculum, a clear and relevant Education Act, and free tuition. For Finland, the positive variables included respect for teaching, local-based curriculum, school-based psychologists, and free tuition and school meals. For Ghana, these included school-based Christian Chaplains and Imams, a free boarding system which included tuition and meals, and a relevant quota system to encourage minority inclusion in education.

While partially confirming the relevant literature on effective school leadership and students’ success, the study argues for a deeper understanding of the subject to include issues of global socio-cultural, socio-political, and socio-economic undercurrents and trends; symbolic capital; and hierarchical decision-making models’.

It is these sociological variables, forms and relationships, and dimensions of a complex education subsystem which act as catalysts for the daily practices of school leadership that influence students’ success.

The study offers (a) a theoretical framework for analysing school leadership and students’ success and (b) key recommendations for Ministries of Education and school administration and leaders.
Educational Leaders’ Views About School Culture, Climate, Leadership, And Success: A Comparative Study Of New Zealand, Finland, And Ghana
Authors: Baafi Darko
Published: April 2021

This comparative project explored educational leaders’ views, practices, and experiences in relation to school culture, climate, leadership, and student success in three international contexts: New Zealand, Finland, and Ghana. Taking an interpretive methodological stance, the study used policy documents, observations, artefacts, and interviews as data sources. A total of twenty-seven participants (school leaders, university experts, and Ministry officials) took part; nine from each of the three countries.

Key insights from the study include identifying positive aspects from each of the three countries. Generally, each of the cases showed positive relationships between students’ success and teacher-teacher, teacher-students, teacher-principal, shared leadership, teamwork, school-based guidance and counselling, and more. Specifically, for New Zealand, positive impetus for students’ success included, respect for teaching, use of local curriculum, a clear and relevant Education Act, and free tuition. For Finland, the positive variables included respect for teaching, local-based curriculum, school-based psychologists, and free tuition and school meals. For Ghana, these included school-based Christian Chaplains and Imams, a free boarding system which included tuition and meals, and a relevant quota system to encourage minority inclusion in education.

While partially confirming the relevant literature on effective school leadership and students’ success, the study argues for a deeper understanding of the subject to include issues of global socio-cultural, socio-political, and socio-economic undercurrents and trends; symbolic capital; and hierarchical decision-making models’.

It is these sociological variables, forms and relationships, and dimensions of a complex education subsystem which act as catalysts for the daily practices of school leadership that influence students’ success.

The study offers (a) a theoretical framework for analysing school leadership and students’ success and (b) key recommendations for Ministries of Education and school administration and leaders.
Labour-Management Relationships in Fire Services and Basic Labour Rights of Emergency Responders
Authors: Kim Daewook , Cho Wonhyuk
Published: April 2021

No description supplied
Relação entre teoria e prática e o significado de ser bom professor para participantes do PIBID
Authors: Oliveira Luis Gustavo Souza de , Pechliye Magda Medhat
Published: April 2021

No processo de ensino e de aprendizagem existe um conceito importante, ainda pouco concretizado, mas bastante estudado. É o conceito de “bom professor”, que tem dentre muitas características a de apresentar uma clara relação entre teoria, sua prática e suas experiências vividas e adquiridas em sua formação. Este artigo, portanto, visou analisar a relação que os participantes do PIBID conseguem fazer entre a teoria e prática docente durante sua experiência na licenciatura, sobretudo no PIBID, e o que significa, para eles, ser bom professor. Para tal, foram analisadas duas perguntas utilizadas em uma atividade de fechamento semestral do subprojeto, a fim de mapear e analisar os conceitos, atitudes e procedimentos dos pibidianos. Na análise, verificou-se que a maioria deixou clara a relação que fazem entre teoria e prática. Além disso, verificou-se o aparecimento de ideias descontextualizadas ou ainda não concretizadas no campo cognitivo. Alguns pibidianos, não enxergam com clareza suas relações práticas com sua capacidade cognitiva, distanciando-se do conceito de bom professor analisado.
Reflexões sobre as concepções de Ciência nos discursos de professores formadores e graduandos do curso de Pedagogia
Authors: Pires Elocir Aparecida Corrêa , Moser Anderson de Souza , Gregório Aline , Rosas Moreira Ana Lúcia Olivo
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo visa apresentar uma análise das concepções de Ciência de um grupo de formadores e licenciandos atuantes em cursos de Pedagogia presenciais de quatro instituições de Ensino Superior, localizadas em uma cidade considerada polo universitário na região oeste do Paraná. Para o desenvolvimento desse estudo partimos das seguintes questões: Quais concepções de Ciência apresentam os professores formadores e alunos concluintes do curso de Pedagogia? Como essas concepções podem influenciar no processo formativo dos licenciandos para uma possível atuação com o Ensino de Ciências? Essa investigação contou com a aplicação de questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados mostraram que a abordagem da Ciência próxima a uma perspectiva mais dinâmica e crítica, presente no discurso dos docentes que atuam com a disciplina referente ao ensino de Ciências no curso, não se concretiza em mudanças de forma efetiva nas concepções de ciência dos discentes em formação inicial. Prevalecem entre as mesmas, sobretudo, concepções de cunho empirista/indutivista.
O raciocínio proporcional nas atividades de proporcionalidade do sétimo ano no Caderno da Cidade Saberes e Aprendizagens
Authors: Silva Thiago Mascára , Palanch Wagner Barbosa de Lima
Published: April 2021

O objetivo da pesquisa relatada nesse artigo foi analisar no documento curricular produzido pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo, Caderno da Cidade Saberes e Aprendizagens do sétimo ano, as atividades de proporcionalidade que apresentam (implícita ou explicitamente) em seus enunciados características fundamentais para estimular o desenvolvimento do raciocínio proporcional. A metodologia desta pesquisa é qualitativa e de caráter documental. As categorias de análise emergiram do referencial teórico acerca do raciocínio proporcional, de Lesh, Post e Behr (1988). Concluímos que de oito unidades que o material apresenta, sete possuem atividades de proporcionalidade que apresentam em seus enunciados características que estimulam o desenvolvimento do raciocínio proporcional.
Etnomodelagem e produção artesanal de chocolate: uma investigação no 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Santos Jonas dos , Madruga Zulma Elizabete de Freitas
Published: April 2021

Neste artigo, analisa-se o desenvolvimento de uma proposta de ensino, fundamentada na Etnomodelagem, para a construção de um etnomodelo para a produção artesanal de chocolate, por meio do conceito de funções. De início, foi feito um mapeamento em apoios bibliográficos, com a finalidade de construir um aporte teórico sobre Modelagem Matemática, Etnomatemática e Etnomodelagem, que se configura como fundamento para a construção da proposta de ensino. A proposta foi, então, aplicada em uma turma de 28 estudantes do 9o ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola localizada em uma cidade do sul da Bahia. A pesquisa teve natureza qualitativa e, para o exame dos dados, foi utilizada a Análise de Conteúdo. Como resultado, observou-se que os conhecimentos êmicos provenientes da visita à fábrica de chocolate possibilitaram aos estudantes criar hipóteses, fomentar discussões e sistematizar a produção de chocolate para determinada quantidade de cacau, calculando a quantidade de chocolate produzido e os possíveis lucros dos assentados. Por meio dos etnomodelos êmicos, os participantes conseguiram criar etnomodelos gráficos e algébricos (éticos e/ou dialógicos) para representar a produção de chocolate artesanal da fábrica.
O que pensam alunos de uma licenciatura sobre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem na educação básica e nessa licenciatura
Authors: Barboza Pedro Lucio
Published: April 2021

Nesta pesquisa, com abordagem qualitativa, o objetivo é analisar o que pensam os alunos do último semestre de um curso de licenciatura em matemática, acerca do processo de ensino e aprendizagem na educação básica e no curso de licenciatura do qual são alunos. Participaram da pesquisa 30 alunos do último semestre do curso de licenciatura em matemática de uma universidade pública. Os resultados apontam que em geral os alunos se mostram desmotivados com o que acontece no curso. Insinuam que o mesmo chega a se identificar com um bacharelado e não com uma licenciatura. Afirmam que seus professores não se preocupam com a aprendizagem dos alunos. Em relação à educação básica, os futuros professores se mostram divididos quanto a oferta de um bom ensino e afirmam como condição para oferecer um ensino que possibilite mais aprendizagem, a valorização do professor.
O uso do smartphone no desenvolvimento de modelos mentais dos alunos no ensino de Química: aplicativos de simulação virtual e realidade aumentada
Authors: Piva Gabriela Martins , Santos Caio Murilo dos , Kohori Rodolfo Kasuyoshi , Gibin Gustavo Bizarria
Published: April 2021

Neste artigo, com o intuito de se trabalhar conceitos do ensino de atomística e periodicidade, aplicaram-se atividades que utilizavam recursos tecnológicos para smartphones, como aplicativos de simulação virtual e realidade aumentada. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública, localizada em Presidente Prudente – SP (Brasil). Adotou-se, como referencial, a teoria de modelos mentais de Johnson-Laird (1983), na qual modelos mentais são definidos como construções internas, que são análogas ao objeto ou fenômeno que está sendo representado. Desta forma, teve-se como objetivo analisar e, possivelmente, aprimorar os modelos mentais dos alunos sobre a concepção de elemento químico, bem como propriedades relacionadas às estruturas atômicas. Notou-se que, por meio das atividades realizadas, os alunos apresentaram melhorias significativas nos modelos mentais expressos sobre os conceitos trabalhados, visto que, inicialmente, a maioria apresentou ideias simplistas ou, até mesmo, equivocadas, porém, ao final do trabalho, surgiram modelos mentais mais sofisticados, ou seja, com elementos (tokens) mais próximos aos modelos científicos. Além disso, trabalhar com Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) e jogos didáticos propiciou aulas mais dinâmicas, uma vez que os alunos trabalharam em grupos e participaram de forma ativa.
Conhecimento especializado do professor de Matemática revelado na escrita reflexiva de futuros professores decorrente de simulações de aulas
Authors: Rodrigues André Lima , Teixeira Bruno Rodrigo
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivos identificar subdomínios do Conhecimento especializado do Professor de Matemática revelados na escrita reflexiva de futuros professores decorrente de simulações de aulas em uma disciplina de Prática e Metodologia do Ensino de Matemática e evidenciar componentes desse contexto formativo que possivelmente colaboraram para a mobilização de tais conhecimentos. Para isso, analisamos as escritas reflexivas de três licenciandos matriculados no quarto ano do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Estadual de Londrina no ano letivo de 2019, referentes às aulas destinadas à simulação de aulas. Os resultados revelam adequação do contexto formativo ao modelo e componentes desse contexto que possivelmente potencializaram tal mobilização, como as discussões realizadas com os colegas da turma e com o formador a respeito das tarefas propostas, a observação crítica das aulas simuladas, a resolução de tarefas aplicadas pelos colegas e a reflexão sobre a própria prática. Além disso, apontam potencialidades do uso da escrita reflexiva na formação inicial de professores de Matemática e da dinâmica de condução da disciplina para propiciar um ambiente oportuno à mobilização de conhecimentos profissionais docentes e ao desenvolvimento profissional de futuros professores, podendo orientar formadores de professores em suas práticas formativas.
WEBINAR PEMBELAJARAN DARING MATEMATIKA DALAM SEPAKBOLA
Authors: Putra Yudi
Published: April 2021

In learning mathematics, students can use everyday contexts that are familiar and liked by students. The use of context in mathematics learning can increase motivation and appreciation which will have an effect on increasing learning achievement. The field of sport or sports, especially football, is one of the fields favored by almost every student. Using the context of football in mathematics learning, both as a learning resource and as a recreation of mathematics can help increase curiosity, reflective / critical thinking, and of course an appreciation of mathematics. There are many mathematical aspects to the game of football (Soccer or Football). such as the topic of numbers, geometry to the odds that can be taught on the topic of football. However, the problems of mathematics and sports science have been presented separately. Whereas in mathematics learning can use the context of soccer.The method used in this activity uses the online method by conducting webinars using the Zoom Platform. To realize this method, perform stages or stages, namely, 1) Planning, 2) Implementation, and 3) Evaluation. The aim of this program is to provide an understanding of the relevance of mathematics learning in the context of football. The results obtained from this activity were that the participants expressed satisfaction with the activities carried out, gained knowledge that mathematics learning could be related to the context of playing football
Frequency of LBP in pregnant women affecting activities of daily living
Authors: Syeda Areeba Asif  , Samreen Yasmeen  , Saman Riaz  , Saman Muqeem  , Muhammad Usama
Published: April 2021

Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) affects many pregnant women. Pain is often associated with varying degrees of functional limitations, causing pregnant women to carry out many everyday activities.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data with a sample size of 135 pregnant women. Functional status was measured by using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). ODI is a 10-item questionnaire, which was developed to identify functional limitations due to LBP. Each item is scored between 0 and 5, thus giving a final score expressed as a percentage. Collected data were analyzed through SPSS version 16.0.

Results: Out of 135 females, 133(98.5%) were with LBP. Among 133 females with LBP, 100(75.2%) have a minimal disability, 30(22.6%) have a moderate disability, and 3(2.3%) females have a severe disability.

Conclusion: LBP is common in pregnant women and causes functional limitations that affect women's daily activities and independence. Mostly women were not aware of proper treatment techniques for LBP. Physiotherapy played a vital role to minimize LBP and further pregnancy-related complications.
Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its contributing factors in fertile aged women
Authors: Sidra Farooq  , Sehrish Shiraz  , Sonya Arshad
Published: April 2021

Background: In developing countries, reproductive health in particular maternal health and reproductive tract infections are recognized as a health priority but still dysmenorrhea is by far the least understood and addressed complaint despite its ubiquity. Consequently, it incredibly influences the efficiency of ladies. This study was nested to determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and to perform the multivariate analysis of patterns of menstrual cycles with the age of menarche, days of interval, days of cycles and marital status.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted over the sample of 500 menstruating women of age 15 and above. The structured questionnaire administered comprised of the verbal multidimensional scoring system (VMS) and Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ) scales in addition to the questions about menstrual patterns. Chi-square test was used for the statistical analyses on SPSS version 21.0.

Results: The mean age of the sample was 25.4 ± 6.92 years. The prevalence of 92.4% of dysmenorrheal was found to be inversely related to the average age of females with dysmenorrhea (24.93 ± 6.78 years). The significant direct relation of dysmenorrhea was observed in women with higher age at menarche (13.22 ± 1.75 years) and longer intervals of 26.95 ± 4.78 days. Moreover, the women complaining of heavy menstrual volumes were significantly more prevalent to dysmenorrhea (56.2%). The association of VMS pain scores with marital status showed that higher pain scores were significantly associated with unmarried females (44%).

Conclusion: The occurrence of dysmenorrhea is highly common and associated with patterns of the menstrual cycle. Therefore, close observation of menstrual traits is important for the improvement of menstrual health.
Intergenerational Comparison of Women Empowerment and its Determinants
Authors: Muhammad Jamil  , Khalood Bukhari
Published: April 2021

Background: Keeping in mind the importance of women empowerment for the growth of a country the present study aims to measure the empowerment of mothers’ generation and daughters’ generation and to estimate the chances of the transition of empowerment from mothers’ generation to daughters’ generation and the impact of demographic, social and economic indicators on the empowerment of mother’s generation and daughter’s generation.

Methodology: A questionnaire was used to collect data from Rawalpindi, Islamabad, and selected rural areas. The data from 510 women, including 198 mother-daughters pairs, was collected using a mixed sampling technique. Descriptive analyses, as well as logistic regressions, were employed to examine the determinants of women empowerment. Non-parametric tests were used to make inter as well as intragenerational comparisons among different dimensions of empowerment.

Results: The results of logistic regression revealed that women's empowerment is significantly affected by age, years of schooling, mother’s years of schooling, area of residence work experience, type of employer, and personal income. While examining the transition of empowerment from mothers to their daughters it was seen that highly empowered mothers have high chances of having empowered daughters.

Conclusion: Promoting the education of women, provision of loans, financial aid, and other facilities to women because all these help empower women, and since there is the transition of empowerment from mothers to their daughters, empowering a woman also means empowering her next generation.
Antibiotic susceptibility and antibacterial activity of neutralized cell-free supernatant of Lactobacillus rhamnosus MT539286 against Foodborne and Clinical pathogens.
Authors: Hasan Muffrah , Arif Afsheen , Hasnain Abid , Abbas Tanveer
Published: April 2021

Background: The emergence of horizontally transferable antibiotic resistance (AR) in probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has incited a need to establish stringent safety measures for the assessment of commercial probiotics. Lactobacillus rhamnosus is not only a prevalent constituent of commercially available probiotics but also has an abundant presence in fermented foods.

Methodology:  The present study tested antimicrobial activity and antibiotic susceptibility of L. rhamnosus isolated from fermented cabbage. Agar well diffusion assay was used to determine the antibacterial activity against a number of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was used to determine the antibiogram of several antibiotics. For this, the neutralized Cell-Free Supernatant (nCFS) of L. rhamnosus was used, which exhibited antibacterial activity against several bacteria. 

Results: Antagonistic activity of nCFS of L. rhamnosus was found against Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica. Maximum inhibitory activity was observed against Listeria monocytogenes. Whereas, no activity was found against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio alginolyticus, Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris. The intensity of inhibition among the isolates was in the sequence of Listeria monocytogenes > Escherichia coli > Bacillus cereus > Vibrio parahaemolyticus > Salmonella typhimurium. L. rhamnosus was found susceptible against Chloramphenicol and Novobiocin. Moreover, it exhibited resistance to Amoxicillin, Levofloxacin, Oxacillin, Streptomycin and Tobramycin.

Conclusion:  In conclusion, this study suggests that the use of L. rhamnosus as a probiotic requires extensive examination of AR genes present in this strain.
The ‘Art’ of Science and Research: Jabir Ibn Hayyan Laid the Foundation
Authors: Syed Naweed I , Syed Areej Zehra , Naqvi Syed Rehan
Published: April 2021

This article identifies scientists' attributes and their approaches to innovation, sciences, research, and discovery as ascribed by Abu Musa-Jabir Ibn Hayyan al- Azdi - also known as Jabir Ibn Hayyan (or Geber) in the late 7th to early 8th century. Jabir was the first polymath to have set the stage for the Golden Age of Islam that lasted from the 8th to 12th century. In several of his books and research articles, Jabir identified researchers, scientists and scholars as the “artists” and their research methodologies and experimentation as the "art." A mastery or specialization in any given discipline that an "artist' pursues was termed by him as the “Majistery”. The attributes that he proposed several centuries ago have since become the criteria, befitting the “art” of our present-day scientists and scholars. He explicitly detailed the attributes of an “artist” and also those who were recommended not to pursue sciences as a career. He described natural talent, innate propensity, the conquest of knowledge, deeper insights into Mother Nature, ingenuity, critical thinking, foresight, flexibility, adaptability, resiliency, persistence and selflessness as the essential ingredients of scientists and their success. Additionally, he also deemed funding, collaboration, partnership and community support to be pivotal. Rigidity – the "stiff neck," as he described it, and the lack of adaptability to be detriments to the ‘art’ of sciences. This article provides an eye-opening account of the scientific rigor that led to the Golden Age on the one hand, and on the other hand, attempts to reconcile the compatibility of modern sciences with traditional Islamic teachings. It also identifies the critical success factors that led to the rise of sciences in the Islamic world, which have since either been forgotten or ignored. We make recommendations throughout as to what needs to be done to revive the Golden Age of Sciences in the Muslim world.
Metadata analysis of the squalene epoxidase gene in dermatophytes
Authors: Muhammad Ismail Fatima , Ahmad Iqra , Javed Eqaza
Published: April 2021

Background: Squalene epoxidase gene is an azole antifungal target enzyme in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway in fungi—the inhibition of enzyme aggregate squalene, a type of ergosterol derivative depletion that leads to fungal growth inhibition. Squalene epoxidase widely diverges in three fungal groups of dermatophytes Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton.
Methodology: The study has demonstrated a variety of squalene epoxidase genes in the dermatophyte genome. Squalene epoxidase gene was also studied for possible single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in the Trichophyton group's homologs and found multiple SNP positions that induce non-synonymous mutation and change the sequence of amino acid into protein structure that can change phenylalanine to leucine.
Results: Squalene epoxidase is widely present in dermatophytes. Mutation in the squalene epoxidase gene can mislead normal sterol formation in the fungal cell membrane that induces fungal resistance against several drugs, including azoles and polyenes. Squalene epoxidase gene carries 2 - 3 transcripts and 2 - 3 number of exons. Squalene epoxidase gene has FAD-dependent oxidoreductases and NADP binding domain conserved domains in fungal groups of dermatophytes.
Conclusion: This study analyzed the abundance of the squalene epoxidase gene, suggesting that squalene epoxidase gene-resistant mutants can occur naturally. Thus squalene epoxidase gene should be extensively studied in order to increase the potential of available antifungals.