Сartographic models of soil temperature fields in the steppe battles of Khakassia and Tuva based on joint analysis of temperature monitoring ground and satellite data
Authors:   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kudryashova S.Ya. , Chumbaev A.S. ,   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kurbatskaya S.S. ,   Tuvinian Institute for Exploration of Natural Resources of Siberian Branch of RAS, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to justify the possibility of using quantitative characteristics of the temperature regime of soils obtained by a joint analysis of ground-based and satellite monitoring to create cartographic models of typological units of soil-bioclimatic zonation of the Khakassia and Tuva steppe basins. Location and time of the study. The development of methodology for identifying the temperature fields boundaries was carried out in 2019-2022, using as a case example the soil cover typological units in the Altai-Sayan region, including the diversity of steppes of the Chulym-Yenisei and Minusinsk troughs, the Turan-Uyuk, Central Tuva, and Ubsu-Nur basins. Key areas were selected taking into account the principles of landscape zoning, which make it possible to recognize, classify and map landscape-differentiating factors, landscape components, the regional landscape structure in their entirety and its dynamic features. Methods. Ground-based automated monitoring of air and soil was performed using specialized temperature recorders DS-1921G “Thermochron”, taking into account indicators reflecting the genetic unity of climate types in the Altai-Sayan region. To carry out retrospective analysis, statistical processing and visualization of MODIS data, a software and algorithmic toolkit created by the Institute of Computational Technology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk) was used: the software is based on a new technology for accessing the satellite data archive, implemented using the PostgreSQL DBMS with an additional module, designed for direct access to the file data archive without the need to first copy and convert the data format for the DBMS. Results. Based on a joint analysis of quantitative indicators of the air and soil temperature regimes, obtained using ground-based automated measuring systems and satellite data, a series of cartographic models were constructed: the latter reflect the temperature fields characteristics of typological units of soil-bioclimatic zoning of the Altai-Sayan region. The interpretation of the identification of typological units of the soil cover structure performed on the basis of a statistical analysis of the combination of boundaries and information content of the contours of the soil cover and the boundaries of temperature fields (day and night temperatures, as well as the difference in temperatures of two compiled series, calculated over a 16-year period). The novelty of the approach is based on the fact that cartographic models of temperature fields, constructed on the basis of quantitative temperature indicators, have information content sufficient for establishing relationships between the temperature regime and other characteristics of natural environmental objects, contributing to solving the problem of identifying and typologizing soil-ecological boundaries. Conclusions. Cartographic models of temperature fields obtained as a result of a joint analysis of ground-based and satellite data are sufficiently informative regarding the energy of soil-forming processes and can be used to assess soil thermal conditions in the inaccessible and hence poorly studied areas of the Altai-Sayan region.