bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Institutions and Cooperation: A Meta-Analysis of Structural Features in Social Dilemmas
Authors: Jin Shuxian , Spadaro Giuliana , Balliet Daniel
Published: September 2024

Cooperation underlies the ability of groups to realize collective benefits (e.g., creation of public goods). Yet, cooperation can be difficult to achieve when people face situations with conflicting interests between what is best for individuals versus the collective (i.e., social dilemmas). To address this challenge, groups can implement rules about structural changes in a situation. But what institutional rules can best facilitate cooperation? Theoretically, rules can be made to affect structural features of a social dilemma, such as the possible actions, outcomes, and people involved. We derived 13 pre-registered hypotheses from existing work and collected six decades of empirical research to test how nine structural features influence cooperation within prisoner’s dilemmas and public goods dilemmas. We do this by meta-analyzing mean levels of cooperation across studies (Study 1, k = 2,340, N = 229,528), and also examining how manipulations of these structural features in social dilemmas affect cooperation within studies (Study 2, k = 909). Results indicated that lower conflict of interests was associated with higher cooperation, and that (1) the implementation of sanctions (i.e., reward and punishment of behaviors) and (2) allowing for communication most strongly enhanced cooperation. However, we found inconsistent support for the hypotheses that group size and matching design affect cooperation. Other structural features (e.g., symmetry of dilemmas, sequential decision making, payment) were not associated with cooperation. Overall, these findings inform institutions that can (or not) facilitate cooperation.
True shape and size of the Universe: challenging the Standard Model of Cosmology.
Authors: Waugh Subhajit
Published: September 2024

The standard model of cosmology (SMC) is based on the Friedmann equations, which are derived from Einstein's field equations of gravity for the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric. The Minkowski spacetime (MST) metric, which can explain all aspects of special relativity (including time dilation, length contraction, and relative simultaneity), describes SpaceTime far from massive objects. This article contends that the currently accepted mathematical interpretation of the MST metric (as well as the FLRW metric) is incorrect, which has misled cosmologists from reaching a definite conclusion about the true shape and size of the universe. The temporal parts of both metrics are identical, and either metric can be used to determine the shape and size of the universe if the mathematical interpretation is corrected. The universe is like the 3D hypersurface of a 4D hypersphere; or in other words, the shape is like a (hyper) balloon. The shape is not plane (i.e. not 3D flat), and it is not infinite; it is a finite 3D hypersurface. Astronomers are confident that they have measured the universe to be 3D flat using two different methods. However, neither method can measure the extrinsic curvature of a 3D hypersurface. Also, other exotic shapes for the universe, like torus (doughnut) or dodecahedron, need not be considered. The universe is expanding like a balloon. Taking the radial expansion velocity of the universe as c (as dictated by SpaceTime equations) and the age of the universe as 13.8 billion years, the value of the Hubble constant obtained using this model (71.002 km/s/Mpc) agrees well with the accepted values (69.8 and 74 km/s/Mpc calculated by two different methods). Presently accepted SMC cannot explain why it has this particular value of Hubble constant. SMC cannot provide a satisfactory answer to the question "If the universe is expanding, what is it expanding into?" Additionally, SMC faces embarrassing situation trying to answer "Where is the centre of the universe?" The model presented in this paper provides clear answers to both questions. Since the MST metric and Hubble’s law both say the same thing in this presented model, it demonstrates that this model is correct.
modsem: An R package for estimating latent interactions and quadratic effects
Authors: Slupphaug KJell , Mehmetoglu Mehmet , Mittner Matthias
Published: September 2024

The estimation of interaction and quadratic effects in Structural Equation Models (SEMs) is acomplex task in psychometrics. Latent product term (LPT) models, initially developed forinteraction effects between latent variables, are also used to model quadratic effects. Despite over30 years of research, no consensus has emerged on the best method for modeling interactions inSEMs, partly due to efforts to simplify existing approaches for broader accessibility. LPT modelsare categorized into Product Indicator (PI) and Distribution Analytic (DA) approaches. PImethods are conceptually simple but often sacrifice accuracy due to necessary simplifications,making them error-prone and difficult to implement manually. In contrast, DA methods, such asLatent Moderated Structural Equations (LMS) and Quasi Maximum Likelihood (QML), providemore accurate estimates in simulations but are computationally intensive and less accessible dueto limited implementations. We introduce modsem, an R package that simplifies the estimation ofinteraction and quadratic effects in SEMs. modsem supports various methods, including PI, LMS,and QML, and extends them to models with multiple endogenous variables. It integratesseamlessly with the popular lavaan syntax, enhancing accessibility for researchers. Wedemonstrate modsem’s utility with applications to the Theory of Planned Behaviour and PISA2006 data, highlighting its effectiveness in estimating complex models. Future work will focus onvalidating and refining LMS and QML approaches, and exploring alternative methods likeBayesian and Structural After Measurement (SAM) approaches.
Survey Professionalism: New Evidence from Web Browsing Data
Authors: Clemm von Hohenberg Bernhard , Ventura Tiago , Nagler Jonathan , Menchen-Trevino Ericka , Wojcieszak Magdalena
Published: September 2024

Online panels have become an important resource for research in political science, but the financial compensation involved incentivizes respondents to become “survey professionals”, which raises concerns about data quality. We provide evidence on survey professionalism using behavioral web browsing data from three U.S. samples, recruited via Lucid, YouGov, and Facebook (total n = 3,886). Survey professionalism is common but varies across samples: By our most conservative measure, we identify 1.7% of respondents on Facebook, 7.9% of respondents on YouGov, and 34.3% of respondents on Lucid as survey professionals. However, evidence that professionals lower data quality is limited: they do not systematically differ demographically or politically from non-professionals and do not respond more randomly—although they are somewhat more likely to speed, to straightline, and to take questionnaires repeatedly. While concerns are warranted, we conclude that survey professionals do not, by and large, distort inferences of research based on online panels.
AI-prompted peer feedback: Can an AI feedback coach enhance peer feedback quality?
Authors: Hansen Rasmus R. , Hougaard Rikke Frøhlich , Lindberg Annika Büchert , Møller Karen Louise , Nielsen Tobias Alsted , Prilop Christopher Neil
Published: September 2024

This study examines the integration of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) feedback coach in a peer feedback activity. Participants provided peers with feedback on their assignments. While providing feedback, they either received real-time adaptive AI coaching (intervention group) or not (control group). Feedback comments from participants were analyzed concerning content, text complexity, and sentiment. Survey responses were coded for sentiment and themes. Results show adverse effects of the AI feedback coach. Intervention group participants’ feedback included fewer reflective questions and adhered less to criteria. They provided shorter, more complex feedback. Students indicated mixed views on the AI feedback coach, with some finding it helpful and others distracting. A notable subset of students stated overreliance on the AI coach, prioritizing its validation over their own judgment. Results suggest that AI tools need thoughtful integration, possibly with additional scaffolding to counteract overreliance and avoid negative impact on peer feedback quality and feedback experience.
Education for sustainable development (ESD) – No One Route to Implement ESD to meet the SDGs
Authors: Jose Sajan , Mathai Sebastian
Published: September 2024

As all the countries are struggling to keep pace with one and another in meeting the sustainable development goals declared by United Nations, it requires that all the energy from the age of reasoning is put forward in letter and spirit to achieve it. This is because it is dealing with the survival of the planet and thereby the living organisms within it, and human beings who is one among them. In this context, it becomes pertinent that as human beings we cannot negate the initiatives taken by UN in guiding mankind with mechanisms that could aid in restoring the planet and thereby its resources. Various forms are there to achieve it, but as UNESCO has put, it will be possible through Education for Sustainable Development which is considered as the vehicle to drive past the countries in meeting the SDGs. Through this study, we would like to shed light on the various forms of education through which the ESD could be integrated, namely, the formal, informal and non-formal education. We would also place in an argument that the no one form of education will be a solution for implementing ESD, but it is the combination of all the three, with an addition to it, a concept borrowed from institution theory, that is, isomorphism. Bringing a isomorphic nature across the institutions of higher learning, within the communities and societies could transform the society into sustainable societies.
Beyond Line Drawings and Photographs: Exploring the Potential Use of AI-Assisted Images in Acquired Language Disorders Through the Narrative Review of Image Research
Authors: Özdemir Şevket , Kayhan-Aktürk Şükriye , İyigün-Uzunöz Eda , Tunçer Aylin Müge
Published: September 2024

This narrative review aims to delve into the question of whether artificial intelligence (AI) could be used to create images that are linguistically and culturally relevant for individuals with acquired language disorders with specific consideration of Turkish language. Images are one of the highly preferred stimuli in the field of Speech and Language Pathology (SLP), especially among acquired language disorders both in research and clinical contexts. Therefore, the outline of the review is as follows: First, previous studies on image research including neurotypical adults and individuals with aphasia were introduced to draw a comprehensive picture of what ideal image characteristics would involve. Second, the application of AI into the field of SLP was discussed with particular focus on image generation tools by unraveling the options of image generation, the practice of writing prompts, the potential benefits and challenges of text-to-image generation tools, and the need to consider the cultural and linguistic diversity in the formation of images. There is a lack of research that embodies AI and image research together, which means that there needs to be a close collaboration between the researchers in the field of AI and those in the aphasia rehabilitation. Regarding languages other than English, the AI-generated image tools need to consider the unique linguistic and cultural characteristics of the languages concerned. It is suggested that the use of these tools should be promoted among speech and language pathologists in their clinical practice, and their experiences with these tools should be documented so that image generation could be a part of clinical practice.
Better than Industry Self-Regulation: Compliance of Mobile Games with Newly Adopted and Actively Enforced Loot Box Probability Disclosure Law in South Korea
Authors: Xiao Leon Y. , Park Solip
Published: September 2024

Loot boxes are gambling-like products inside video games that players can purchase with real-world money to obtain random rewards. Stakeholders (e.g., players, parents, and policymakers) are concerned about their potential harms, e.g., overspending and normalizing gambling. Recognizing that previous industry self-regulation has failed to solve the problem, South Korea started requiring companies to disclose the probabilities of getting different loot box rewards by law from March 2024 onwards. Content analysis found that 90 of the 100 highest-grossing iPhone games contained paid loot boxes, but only 84.4% of them disclosed probabilities, meaning that compliance was still not perfect. Further, the accessibility and visual prominence of most disclosures could be improved. A South Korean regulator is actively monitoring games for compliance, including processing player complaints, and taking enforcement actions against non-compliant companies. Other countries still solely relying on industry self-regulation should consider adopting actively enforced legal regulation instead to improve consumer protection.
Quality Metrics and Reordering Strategies for Revealing Patterns in BioFabric Visualizations
Authors: Fuchs Johannes , Frings Alexander , Heinle Maria-Viktoria , Keim Daniel , Di Bartolomeo Sara
Published: September 2024

Visualizing relational data is crucial for understanding complex connections between entities in social networks, political affiliations, or biological interactions. Well-known representations like node-link diagrams and adjacency matrices offer valuable insights, but their effectiveness relies on the ability to identify patterns in the underlying topological structure. Reordering strategies and layoutalgorithms play a vital role in the visualization process since the arrangement of nodes, edges, or cells influences the visibility of these patterns. The BioFabric visualization combines elements of node-link diagrams and adjacency matrices, leveraging the strengths of both, the visual clarity of node-link diagrams and the tabular organization of adjacency matrices. A unique characteristic of BioFabric is the possibility to reorder nodes and edges separately. This raises the question of which combination of layout algorithms best reveals certain patterns. In this paper, we discuss patterns and anti-patterns in BioFabric, such as staircases or escalators, relate them to already established patterns, and propose metrics to evaluate their quality. Based on these quality metrics, we compared combinations of well-established reordering techniques applied to BioFabric with a well-known benchmark data set. Our experiments indicate that the edge order has a stronger influence on revealing patterns than the node layout. The results show that the best combination for revealing staircases is a barycentric node layout, together with an edge order based on node indices and length. Our research contributes a first building block for many promising future research directions, which we also share and discuss.
Earlier streamflow in a snow-dwindling world
Authors: Berghuijs Wouter , Hale Kate
Published: September 2024

Impacts of climate change on water resources tend to be significant in regions where streamflow is substantially sourced as snowmelt from snowpacks1,2. In these areas, as the climate warms and the fraction of precipitation falling as snow (snow fraction, f_s) shrinks, streamflow is generally shifting toward earlier in the year by way of earlier snowmelt and increased proportional rainfall1,3,4. In a recent Article, Han et al.5 call for revision of the ‘less snow equals earlier streamflow’ paradigm, because their analysis indicates that while such paradigm upholds for average annual high-snow-fraction catchments ( f_s>0.5), lower-snow-fraction catchments (0.1< f_s <0.4) experience later seasonal streamflow as snow fractions reduce. Here we use results generated by Han et al.5 to show that trends towards earlier streamflow are instead dominant across the entire defined range of low to high snow-fraction catchments (0.1< f_s<1), supporting the longstanding paradigm. In addition, we use catchment climatological data to demonstrate that comparing streamflow timing between low- and high-snow-fraction years, as used by Han et al.5, is a misleading analogy to study effects of climate-warming-induced snow changes and subsequent streamflow seasonality.
Contingency management for mono-substance use disorders: Systematic review and assessment of predicted versus obtained effects
Authors: Davidson Rosemarie M. , Traxler Haily K. , DeFulio Anthony , Redish A. David , Royle Jenna A. , Gass Hannah P.
Published: September 2024

Contingency management is incredibly successful as substance use disorder treatment and is most effective when targeting mono-drug use. In fact, there is evidence. the effects of contingency management exceed predictions based on the value of the incentives delivered for mono-drug abstinence. In this systematic review, we examine common variations of contingency management interventions applied to a single problem substance to determine what factors may contribute to the larger effect. Our results show that contingency management produced moderate to large effect sizes when single drugs were targeted, with stable effects over time. We also found that interventions targeting cocaine abstinence overwhelmingly outperformed their predicted effect, whereas interventions for smoking cessation did not. Thus, incentives alone may not account for the success of contingency management, at least when applied to stimulant use disorder. We propose other potential sources of the effect, including social reinforcement and the specific parameters of the reinforcement schedule.
Experiences of Caregivers, Service Providers, and Individuals Living with Dementia regarding Independence-Enhancing Technologies: Focus Group Insights
Authors: Sharpe Benjamin T
Published: September 2024

This study explored the views and opinions of people with dementia, caregivers, and healthcare professionals on assistive technologies that facilitate independent living. Using a qualitative approach, the researchers conducted focus groups with 35 participants in England. Findings revealed both the benefits and limitations of technologies like medication management devices, daily living aids, GPS tracking, and smart home systems. While participants recognized the potential to enhance independence and safety, they highlighted usability, reliability, and technological failure as significant challenges. The complexity of digital interfaces and the cognitive demands of online interactions emerged as key barriers. Participants expressed a strong desire for more adaptive, user-friendly, and responsive technologies. The study underscores the importance of user-centred design and collaboration between developers, caregivers, and the dementia community. By addressing the identified issues, future assistive technologies can improve quality of life for people with dementia and their caregivers. These insights can guide the development of more effective, accessible, and ethical assistive technologies in dementia care.
Protocol to visualize a bodily map of musical uncertainty and prediction
Authors: Daikoku Tatsuya
Published: September 2024

Music deeply influences our bodies as well as minds. Here, we present a protocol to visualize bodily sensation map elicited by music perception using body-mapping tests and emotional evaluations. We describe steps for setting the body-map test and musical stimuli based on prediction. We then detail procedures for visualizing the body map, and identifying body areas in which musical stimuli influence subjective sensations. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Daikoku et al.1
Effects of LED treatments on the growth and nutritional content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in a hydroponic vertical farming system
Authors:   School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Selangor, Malaysia, Koh Mei Xin , Singh Ajit ,   School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: September 2024

Introduction: LED-integrated hydroponic vertical farming system (HVFS) may address food security challenges arising from urbanisation, while antioxidants in vegetables may prevent cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to explore the LED effects on yield, antioxidant properties, and vitamin C content in Butterhead lettuce (BL) and Italian lettuce (IL). Methods: Three LED combinations were used: 77% red, 14% green, and 9% blue lights (77R:14G:9B); 7% red, 41% green, and 52% blue lights (7R:41G:52B); and 25% red, 67% green, and 8% blue lights (25R:67G:8B). The concentration and pH of nutrient solution in HVFS ranged from 0.878-2.061ppm and 6.0-6.6, respectively, with a 12:12 light-dark cycle. Chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents were measured using chlorophyll and anthocyanin meters, respectively. Total phenolic and vitamin C content were measured using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assay. Total flavonoid and antioxidant activity were determined through aluminium chloride colorimetric assay and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) colorimetric assay, respectively. Completely randomised design was adapted with three replications. Results: BL exhibited greater yield, anthocyanin and chlorophyll contents, while IL had higher vitamin C content. Significantly (p<0.001) higher yields were produced under 77R:14G:9B and 25R:67G:8B. Significantly higher phenolic (p<0.001) and flavonoid (p=0.003) contents were produced under 25R:67G:8B. Vitamin C was significantly (p=0.037) higher under 25R:67G:8B than 7R:41G:52B. Conclusion: LED treatment with higher proportion of red light generated greater yield, whereas higher proportion of green light gave higher phenolic, flavonoids, and vitamin C accumulation. This study provided preliminary data on boosting crop yield and phytochemical contents, which may improve food self-production and population health.
Therapeutic diet plate waste and satisfaction among adult patients
Authors:   Dietetics Programme, Centre for Healthy Aging and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Moorthy Jaysrina Mahalinga , Ruzalee Raudhatul Syahirah binti ,   Dietetics Programme, Centre for Healthy Aging and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Hafizon Dewiana Malisa Putri binti ,   Department of Dietetics and Food Services, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Razalli Nurul Huda binti Razalli ,   Department of Dietetics and Food Services, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: September 2024

Introduction: There are limited studies on plate waste and satisfaction levels among adult patients receiving therapeutic diets in hospitals, particularly in the local context. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the percentage of plate waste and the level of satisfaction among adult patients receiving therapeutic diets, as well as the contributing factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a university hospital during lunch and dinner hours on eleven types of therapeutic diets. Food weighing and photography-assisted visual estimation by the Comstock scale were used to measure plate waste. Interviews were conducted with patients using the Acute Care Hospital Foodservice Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ACHFPSQ) to collect information about their satisfaction towards food quality and service. Results: Mean overall plate waste rate for 96 patients receiving therapeutic diets was 43.6% (40.0% for lunch, 47.3% for dinner), with the highest rate of wastage in a combined diet low in fat and salt. Overall score for patient satisfaction was 3.7 out of 5. Patients had higher satisfaction levels with staff and food service (4.0) compared to food quality (3.4). Food quality negatively contributed to the rate of plate waste in terms of taste (r=-0.107, p=0.035), presentation (r=-0.078, p=0.043), and texture (r=-0.052, p=0.020). Conclusion: Therapeutic diet plate waste among adult patients in this study was high and primarily attributable to food quality. Efforts to minimise therapeutic diet plate waste should be made by improving food quality for the best possible outcomes for patients.
College Chatbot Using RASA
Authors: Sigdel Yubraj , Shrestha Sujan , Neupane Nabin
Published: September 2024

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, etc., has brought about significant changes in the technological sphere for decades. One such transformative technology is a Chatbot, a Conversational AI capable of addressing users’ queries. These chatbots are tailored to serve various objectives, one of which is to streamline tasks in education through automation. In line with this, a paper titled “College Chatbot Using RASA” has been written, which can effectively respond to questions based on college and other college-related information. The chatbot has been made accessible via an API utilizing the Streamlit framework. The RASA framework, a key open-source technology, has been harnessed to enable the chatbot. RASA plays a vital role in the chatbot's functionality by combining two main components, Rasa Core and Rasa Natural Language Understanding (NLU). Rasa NLU component is used to deduce intent and extract necessary entities from user input, while Rasa Core generates output by constructing a probabilistic model. The model is evaluated by getting a confusion matrix and prediction confidence distribution. The chatbot, upon testing, showcases the best result of 1 for each accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score.
Poaceae Diseases Detection using Machine Learning
Authors: Adhikari Aayush , Bishwakrama Bisoj , Regmi Charchit , Giri Dipesh , Sharma Dahal Suramya
Published: September 2024

Agriculture is the number one supply of livelihood for approximately more than 66% of the Nepali population and Poaceae class is one of the most important meal grains of Nepal. Poaceae plant sicknesses are the major causes to lessen the manufacturing & goodness of meals. Nutrient deficiency of Nitrogen, Potassium and Phosphorus.can also cause plants to not grow to their full strength. Identification and preventing such diseases as well as nutrient deficiency can enhance the growth of Poaceae plants.
Public Toilet
Authors: Gautam Anugya , Bhattarai Kritika , Shrestha Annada , Khanal Pratikshya , Shrestha Kailash
Published: September 2024

The provision of public toilets is not only a matter of land use but also an essential design and planning concern. It is an essential infrastructure to guarantee the right to sanitation in public spaces. Given this, the present research aims to understand the perspective of public toilet on the basis of planning, innovative approaches, universal access and sustainable features. For this research, two cases of public toilets were studied. On the whole, the importance of the public toilet on the basis of different innovative approaches, planning and universal access is highlighted in this study with regard to health, sanitation, and accessibility issues.
Task Scheduling Optimization in the Cloud Using Improved Heuristic Algorithm
Authors: Bajracharya Ritu , Shakya Subarna
Published: September 2024

Cloud Computing has become the most efficient and reliable technology in today’s era. Almost every organization and individual depend upon this technology to perform their task and even for storage purpose. As the number of users is growing, the complexity of this technology has also increased massively. Thus, for reliable and efficient use of cloud technology, the tasks, infrastructures, and load must be balanced in the system. Among different methods, one of the ways to efficiently manage the complexity of the system is task scheduling. Task scheduling helps to optimize CPU utilization and make the tasks done with minimum loss. Also, there are many task-scheduling algorithms which have been proposed and implemented to date. Every algorithm has its pros and cons too. Thus, this project aims to implement the proposed improved heuristic (B-Sufferage) Algorithm to schedule tasks in a cloud environment and compare the result with the existing PSO and Min-Min Task Scheduling Algorithm. The B-Sufferage Algorithm depends upon the sufferage value to schedule a particular task on a particular VM. The required infrastructure has been set up using CloudSim 3.0.3 and the implementation has been carried out by configuring respective algorithms. As a result, it has been found that the B-Sufferage algorithm in task scheduling works better than the existing one. Thus, the result has been compared based on metrics like makespan, resource utilization, turn-around time, and waiting time where there is a significant difference for scheduling tasks using this B-Sufferage; an improved heuristic algorithm.
Raising Our Voices
Authors: Puttman Kimberly , Blicher Heather , Esbensen Heidi
Published: September 2024

Focusing on equity is a useful endeavor, but it can feel abstract. What does it mean to use the lens of equity to transform student success? For us, it means centering student voices and experiences, revolutionizing our textbooks and course builds, and transforming our teaching. Our goal is to create books and courses that are freely available, valid, and written by diverse teams from the field. More specifically, the Open Oregon Educational Resources Targeted Pathways Project is developing free, openly licensed textbooks and courses in Introduction to Sociology, Social Change, Social Problems, and Sociology of Gender. Our development model seeks to dismantle structures of power and oppression entrenched in barriers to course material access. We provide tools and resources to make diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) primary considerations when faculty choose, adapt, and create course materials. Here we share the dream, the model, and the steps that this collaborative statewide team took to create books, design courses, and pilot them successfully with students. The process includes an intersectional DEI approach to editing, multiple revisions for inclusion and diversity from the community, and a focus on accessibility for all. We will also share the preliminary outcomes of our work. A discussion of the steps and vision with expert peers guides our next steps.
Smart Village Initiative in Indonesia: Governance’s Perspective Using PESTLE Analysis
Authors: Pinuji Sukmo , Lestari Novita Dian , Yudhistira Muhamad Irfan
Published: September 2024

Globally, including in Indonesia, people have adopted the Smart Village Initiative. Although beneficial, the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) creates complexity in rural areas. The implementation of Smart Village varies due to different geographic, demographic, economic, and social backgrounds. Land-based implementations overcome challenges due to the dynamic nature of spatial data and attributes associated with land parcels, requiring an understanding of surveying as well as mapping for data updates and maintenance. This research aims to understand how these variations influence the implementation of smart villages and identify factors that impact the initiative. Using a comparative study approach, we analyzed the implementation of the Smart Village initiative in two different areas and assessed the results using the PESTLE analysis tool. The findings show that economic and social factors play an important role in shaping the design characteristics of the Smart Village, thereby creating significant differences between the two villages. These factors shape the inclusion of specific modules in the application. However, both face challenges related to community involvement, ICT culture, and environmental factors, which have an impact on optimizing utilization to achieve wider coverage and awareness in ICT adaptation.
 
Inisiatif Desa Cerdas diadopsi secara global, termasuk di Indonesia. Meskipun bermanfaat, integrasi Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) menimbulkan kompleksitas di pedesaan. Penerapan Smart Village bervariasi karena latar belakang geografis, demografi, ekonomi, dan sosial yang berbeda. Implementasi berbasis tanah menghadapi tantangan karena sifat dinamis dari data spasial dan atribut yang terkait dengan bidang tanah, sehingga membutuhkan pemahaman survei serta pemetaan untuk pembaruan dan pemeliharaan data. Penelitian ini berupaya untuk memahami bagaimana variasi-variasi tersebut mempengaruhi pelaksanaan inisiatif Desa Cerdas dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memberikan dampak terhadap inisiatif tersebut. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi komparatif, kami menganalisis implementasi inisiatif Desa Cerdas di dua bidang berbeda dan menilai hasilnya dengan menggunakan alat analisis PESTLE. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa faktor ekonomi dan sosial memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk karakteristik desain Desa Cerdas, sehingga menciptakan pembeda yang signifikan antara kedua desa tersebut. Faktor-faktor ini terutama mempengaruhi modul spesifik mana yang akan disertakan dalam aplikasi. Namun keduanya menghadapi tantangan terkait keterlibatan masyarakat, budaya TIK, dan faktor lingkungan, yang berdampak pada optimalisasi pemanfaatan untuk mencapai cakupan dan kesadaran yang lebih luas dalam adaptasi TIK.
Dinamika Alih Fungsi Lahan Sawah dan Upaya Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan di Wilayah Metropolitan Sarbagita
Authors: Ramadhan Syahri , Murti Ratna Patmawati Wisnu
Published: September 2024

The urbanization phenomenon has a positive impact on economic development, but it also has a negative impact on land conversion in the Sarbagita Metropolitan area. This research is a descriptive study that aims to identify changes in the function of paddy fields from 2018 to 2023, as well as local government steps in protecting sustainable food agricultural land (LP2B). The results of the analysis show that paddy fields have shrunk between 3-6% of the total area of the district/city. The conversion of agricultural land occurs in tourism areas such as Denpasar City and Badung Regency, as well as in city centers such as Gianyar Regency and Tabanan Regency. LP2B protection is an integral part of regional spatial planning through the establishment of spatial pattern plans. The local government in the Sarbagita Metropolitan Area has established several policies to protect LP2B. Permits ensure that land use aligns with the prepared spatial pattern plan. The integration of detailed spatial planning plans (RDTR) into the Online Single Submission (OSS) system creates synergy between spatial planning and permit processes, thereby achieving efficiency, transparency, and more effective coordination between government agencies.
 
Fenomena urbanisasi berdampak positif pada peningkatan ekonomi tetapi juga berdampak negatif pada alih fungsi lahan di wilayah Metropolitan Sarbagita. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi alih fungsi lahan sawah dari tahun 2018 hingga 2023 serta langkah pemerintah daerah dalam melindungi lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan (LP2B). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lahan sawah menyusut antara 3-6% dari total luas wilayah kabupaten/kota. Alih fungsi lahan pertanian terjadi di kawasan pariwisata seperti Kota Denpasar dan Kabupaten Badung, serta di pusat kota seperti Kabupaten Gianyar dan Kabupaten Tabanan. Perlindungan LP2B menjadi bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam penataan ruang wilayah melalui penetapan rencana pola ruang. Pemerintah daerah di wilayah Metropolitan Sarbagita telah menetapkan beberapa kebijakan untuk melindungi LP2B. Pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang dilakukan melalui perizinan guna memastikan penggunaan lahan sesuai dengan rencana pola ruang yang telah disusun. Integrasi rencana detail tata ruang (RDTR) ke dalam sistem Online Single Submission (OSS) menciptakan sinergi antara perencanaan tata ruang dan proses perizinan, sehingga tercapai efisiensi, transparansi, dan koordinasi antar lembaga pemerintah yang lebih efektif.
Implementasi Mesin Hammermill Untuk Peningkatan Produksi Pupuk Organik di Kecamatan Donomulyo Malang
Authors: Mizar Muhammad Alfian , Hadi Syamsul , Juwita Ratna
Published: September 2024

Petani di Desa Tempursari masih minim penggunaan pupuk organik dalam melakukan aktivitas pertaniannya dikarenakan masih minimnya peralatan yang digunakan untuk pengolahan atau memproduksi pupuk organik secara mandiri. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, Tim pengabdian masyarakat Universitas Negeri Malang memberikan alternatif solusi teknologi tepat guna berupa mesin Hammermill yang dapat dimanfaatkan para petani untuk pembuatan pupuknya dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pupuk\pertanian yang lebih efektif dan efisien. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini antara lain: (1) Memberikan alternatif solusi untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan pupuk organik dengan memproduksi sendiri dan membiasakan para petani untuk menggunakan pupuk organik dalam budidaya pertaniannya, (2) Mendifusikan TTG mesin hammermill dengan cara memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang cara pembuatan pupuk organik, pengoperasian dan perawatan mesin hammermill kepada mitra. Berdasarkan implementasi yang telah dilakukan, peningkatan produksi dapat diaktualisasi mampu meningkat produksi pupuk organic dengan kapasitas 200 – 300 kg/jam, sehingga implementasi mesin hammermill dapat memberikan sumbangsih yang relatif besar untuk meningkatkan produktifitas, kualitas dan omzet bagi kelompok masyarakat di Desa Tempursari, Donomulyo, Malang.
 
Farmers in Tempursari Village still use minimal organic fertilizer in carrying out their agricultural activities due to the lack of equipment used for processing or producing their own organic fertilizer. Based on these problems, the community service team at the State University of Malang provides an alternative appropriate technology solution in the form of a Hammermill machine that farmers can use to create their own fertilizer to meet their fertilizer needs more effectively and efficiently. The objectives of this community service include: (1) Providing alternative solutions to increase the availability of organic fertilizers by producing their own and accustoming farmers to using organic fertilizers in their agricultural cultivation, (2) Diffusing appropriate technology  hammermill machines by providing knowledge and skills on how to manufacture of organic fertilizers, operation and maintenance of hammermill machines to partners. Based on the implementation that has been done, increased production can be actualized to increase organic fertilizer production 200 -300 kg/hour, so that the implementation of the hammer mill machine can provide a relatively large contribution to increasing productivity, quality, and turnover for community groups in Tempursari Village, Donomulyo, Malang.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Inovasi Pengembangan Alat Parut Otomatis untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Produksi Virgin Coconut Oil di Lingkungan Pedesaan
Authors: Bellanov Agrienta , Irawati Desrina Yusi , Pamolango Marchello
Published: September 2024

Kelapa merupakan komoditas yang mudah ditemukan di Indonesia dan tumbuh subur terutama di daerah pantai dan tropis. Buah ini berasal dari pohon kelapa (Cocos nucifera). Di Kabupaten Trenggalek, kelapa tumbuh di berbagai jenis lahan, termasuk perkebunan rakyat, perkebunan besar, dan secara alami di sepanjang pantai. Para petani kelapa di daerah ini memiliki peluang besar untuk menghasilkan berbagai produk turunan kelapa seperti air kelapa, santan, kelapa parut, minyak kelapa, dan lainnya. Meskipun Trenggalek menjadi daerah keempat penghasil kelapa terbanyak di Provinsi Jawa Timur, masih banyak hasil panen kelapa yang tidak dimanfaatkan dengan baik dan memiliki nilai jual rendah. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan kelompok PKK dengan keterampilan mengolah kelapa menjadi produk bernilai tambah, seperti minyak kelapa. Pelatihan meliputi pemilihan kelapa yang baik, ekstraksi santan, penyulingan minyak, dan penggunaan alat parut otomatis untuk efisiensi produksi. Selain itu, ibu-ibu PKK diberikan pengetahuan tentang kualitas produk, pengemasan, perhitungan biaya produksi, dan pemasaran online melalui platform seperti Shopee dan Facebook. Dari 15 peserta yang mengikuti dan mengisi tabel evaluasi, seluruhnya merasa sangat puas sehingga ingin mengajarkan kegiatan ini pada kerabat ataupun keluarga dekat, dan sebanyak 67% peserta akan mempraktikkan kegiatan ini lagi dirumah.
 
Coconut is a commodity that is easily found in Indonesia and grows abundantly, especially in coastal and tropical areas. This fruit comes from the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera). In Trenggalek Regency, coconuts grow on various types of land, including smallholder plantations, large estates, and naturally along the coast. Coconut farmers in this area have great opportunities to produce various coconut derivative products such as coconut water, coconut milk, shredded coconut, coconut oil, and others. Although Trenggalek is the fourth largest coconut-producing region in East Java Province, many coconut harvests are still underutilized and have low economic value.This community service program aims to empower PKK groups with the skills to process coconuts into value-added products, such as coconut oil. The training includes selecting good coconuts, extracting coconut milk, refining oil, and using an automatic grater for production efficiency. Additionally, the PKK women were given knowledge about product quality, packaging, production cost calculation, and online marketing through platforms like Shopee and Facebook. Out of 15 participants who attended and completed the evaluation table, all felt very satisfied and expressed a desire to teach this activity to their relatives or close family members. Furthermore, 67% of the participants indicated that they would practice this activity again at home.
Pelatihan Digital Marketing Dalam Upaya Pengembangan Pemasaran Produk Bank Sampah IPPEC Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Ramdhani Lis Saumi , Riyanto Andi , Farlina Yusti , Noviani Hani , Muttaqin Muhamad Zenal
Published: September 2024

Pengelolaan sampah merupakan tantangan global yang memerlukan solusi inovatif. Di Indonesia, bank sampah telah menjadi salah satu alternatif yang efektif untuk mengurangi timbunan sampah dan memberikan manfaat bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat. Namun, Bank Sampah IPPEC Kabupaten Sukabumi masih menghadapi masalah dalam pemasaran produk mereka, seperti sofa Eco-brick, maggot, dan sekam bakar, yang belum dipasarkan secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemasaran produk Bank Sampah IPPEC melalui pelatihan digital marketing. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pelatihan ini melibatkan beberapa tahapan, yaitu analisis kebutuhan, penyusunan rencana, pemilihan peserta, pelaksanaan pelatihan, dan evaluasi. Hasil dari pelatihan menunjukkan peningkatan literasi digital dengan nilai total rata-rata yang diperoleh yaitu sebesar 58,67%. Selain itu, pemahaman peserta terhadap efisiensi dan efektivitas digital marketing juga meningkat secara signifikan. Pelatihan digital marketing terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pemasaran produk bank sampah dan memberikan manfaat ekonomi bagi masyarakat sekitar. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah melanjutkan pelatihan secara berkelanjutan dan memperluas cakupan pelatihan ke bank sampah lainnya di Kabupaten Sukabumi. Dengan demikian, diharapkan bank sampah dapat berkontribusi lebih besar dalam pengelolaan sampah dan peningkatan nilai ekonomi bagi masyarakat.
 
Waste management is a global challenge that requires innovative solutions. In Indonesia, waste banks have become one of the effective alternatives to reduce waste generation and provide benefits to the environment and society. However, the Waste Bank of Ikatan Pemuda Pemudi Creative (IPPEC) of Sukabumi District still faces problems in marketing their products, such as ecobrick sofa, maggot, and roasted husk, which have not been marketed optimally. This service aims to improve the marketing of IPPEC Waste Bank products through digital marketing training. The method used is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach using WhatsApp media. This training involves several stages, namely needs analysis, plan development, participant selection, training implementation, monitoring and evaluation. The results of the training showed an increased understanding of digital marketing strategies from participants in an effort to develop marketing of waste bank products with a total average value obtained of 58.67%. Feedback that can be given based on the evaluation results of this service is that the training should be carried out in a sustainable manner and expand the scope of training to other waste banks in Sukabumi Regency. Thus, it is hoped that waste banks can contribute more to waste management and increase economic value for the community.
Permainan Berbasis Keterampilan Sains Sederhana untuk Pengenalan Sains pada Anak
Authors: Rizki Robi Nur Bais
Published: September 2024

Artikel ini membahas tentang permainan berbasis keterampilan proses sains dasar dalam memperkenalkan sains pada anak. Adapaun yang menjadi komponen utama pada keterampilan proses sains dasar adalah mengamati, membandingkan, mengklasifikasi, megukur dan mengkomunikasikan. Serangkain kegiatan tersebut dipadukan dalam permainan penyelidikan tentang objek dan fenomena alam. Ada beberapa permainan berlandaskan keterampilan proses sains yang dapat diterapkan pada pengenalan sains anak diantaranya permainan detektif menuntuk kegiatan penyelidikan secara teliti menggunakan seluruh alat indera. Permainan ilmuan menjadikan anak sebagai seorang ilmuan yang sedang melakukan percobaan-percobaan untuk mengungkap fenomena alam dan menemukan suatu pengetahuan yang baru. Proses pembelajaran akan berlangsung lebih menarik, menyenangkan, interaktif sehingga anak akan telibat secara total dan antusias
Kekerasan dalam Film Anak (Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes pada Film Doraemon The Movie: Nobita dan Legenda Raja Matahari)
Authors: Hasanah Siti Nurul
Published: September 2024

Televisi merupakan media komunikasi massa yang sudah tidak asing di telinga kita. Banyaknya acara TV yang menghibur menjadi daya tariktersendiri pemirsanya untuk berlama-lama berada di depan TV untuk menyaksikan acara favoritnya. Berbagai jenis film ditayangkan oleh berbagai stasiun TV salah satunya adalah film kartun yang menjadi acara favoritnya anak-anak. Tidak hanya film kartun yang lucu dan menghibur saja yang disukai anak, film kartun yang bergenre aksi juga menjadi daya tersendiri bagi anak terutama anak laki-laki sehingga kerap sekali anak meniru ucapan atau perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh tokoh idolanya di dalam film kartun. Penelitian ini mengguanakn teori semiotika yang digagas oleh Roland Barthes, dengan begitu pada penelitian ini peneliti memperoleh data bahwa film doraemon yang merupakan film anak dengan tokoh utamanya robot kucing berwarna biru ini tetap tidak terlepas dari adegan-adegan yang mengandung unsur kekerasan baik itu kekerasan verbal maupun non verbal, seperti memukul, menendang, mencekik, merusak benda, mengguanakan kata kasar, merendahkan orang lain, mengancam, dan terdapat pula unsur seksualitas. Sehingga mengharuskan orang tua agar selalu memberikan pengawasan dan arahan kepada anak supaya mereka dapat memilih tontonan yang baik dan sesuai dengan umur mereka.