bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eficacia de un programa para disminuir conductas sexuales de riesgo en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres
Authors: Elías-Risco Alfonso , Chávez-Ventura Gina
Published: July 2022

Antecedentes: las infecciones de transmisión sexual son un problema de salud pública y los programas para reducir su contagio se abordan mayoritariamente por el enfoque de riesgos y no desde una intervención integral. Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia del programa de intervención biográfico profesional con técnicas cognitivas conductuales para disminuir las conductas sexuales de riesgo en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). Método: se aplicó un diseño cuasi experimental con pretest y postest de dos bloques. El primer bloque se conformó por HSH con alguna infección de transmisión sexual (ITS), 9 en el grupo experimental y 8 en el de control; mientras que, en el segundo bloque, los HSH no presentaron ITS y hubo 11 en ambos grupos. Los participantes respondieron a una escala ad-hoc, cuya validez y confiabilidad fueron evaluadas previamente. Resultados: existen diferencias entre el pretest y postest del grupo experimental y de control, con un tamaño de efecto grande, a favor del grupo experimental. Conclusiones: el programa reduce las conductas sexuales de riesgo en HSH; sin embargo, en quienes padecen alguna ITS, las conductas disminuyeron, sin extinguirse.
Contribución de autoría
AER: diseño y concepción del estudio, aplicación del programa, redacción de borrador del artículo, aprobación de la versión final del artículo.
GCV: aporte al diseño y aplicación metodológica del estudio, contribución en el procesamiento de datos, revisión crítica del manuscrito y edición del artículo.
Reynaldo Alarcón y la historia crítica de la psicología en el Perú
Authors: Arias Gallegos Walter L. , Caycho Rodríguez Tomás
Published: July 2022

La historia de la psicología es una disciplina que se nutre de los aportes de la sociología del conocimiento, la historia de la ciencia y la epistemología; que le brindan una orientación más crítica, cualidad necesaria para su desarrollo objetivo de cara a la realidad social en la que tiene lugar. En el presente artículo revisamos el desarrollo de la historiografía de la psicología, su proceso de institucionalización y su difusión en América Latina, analizando la recepción que ha tenido la historia crítica de la psicología en el Perú, a través de su historiografía, sus representantes, y principalmente de la obra de Reynaldo Alarcón, uno de los máximos exponentes de esta rama en nuestro país.
Contribución de autoríaLos autores participaron en todo el desarrollo del artículo.
Evaluation of canine raw food products for the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing bacteria of the order Enterobacterales
Authors: Cole Stephen D. , Healy Isabella , Dietrich Jaclyn M. , Redding Laurel E.
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

To assess the potential contamination of commercial raw dog food products with bacteria of the Enterobacterales order that produce extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase enzymes, determine risk factors for contamination, and understand isolate genetic diversity.

SAMPLES

A total of 200 canine raw food products.

METHODS

Products were cultured on selective chromogenic agar following enrichment steps. Whole-genome sequencing was performed for isolates that were confirmed to produce an ESBL. Isolates were characterized by antimicrobial resistance genes, and multilocus sequences typing, and compared to other isolates in the NCBI database for clonality. Preservation method and protein sources were assessed as potential risk factors for contamination with ESBL and carbapenemase-producing bacteria of the Enterobacterales order.

RESULTS

No carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) were identified, but ESBL-producing Enterobacterales bacteria were isolated from 20/200 products (10.0%; 95% CI, 7.3 to 16.5%), all of which were frozen. Pork-derived protein source products were 8.1 times (P = .001; 95% CI, 2.53 to 26.2) more likely to carry ESBL-producing Enterobacterales bacteria than other protein sources. WGS analysis confirmed the presence of ESBL genes in a total of 25 distinct isolates (19 Escherichia coli, 5 Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 1 Citrobacter braakii). Genes encoding CTX-M type ESBL enzymes were the most common (24/25 isolates, 96.0%) with blaCTX-M-27 being the most common allele (8/25, 32.0%).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Frozen, raw food products may serve as a route of transmission of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales bacteria to companion animals. Veterinarians should advise owners about the risks of raw food diets, including potential exposure to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
Force plate analysis of ground reaction forces in relation to gait velocity of healthy Beagles
Authors: Ichinohe Tom , Takahashi Hiromi , Fujita Yukihiro
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate changes in ground reaction forces (GRFs) in relation to gait velocity using 2 force plates (FPs) for healthy Beagles.

ANIMALS

18 healthy Beagles were included (body weight, 10.45 ± 1.28 kg; age, 26 ± 11 months).

PROCEDURES

Ten GRF parameters were measured at three gait velocities (walk, 0.9 to 1.2 m/s; trot 1, 1.6 to 2.0 m/s; and trot 2, 2.1 to 2.5 m/s): peak lateral force (PLF), peak medial force (PMF), lateral impulse (LI), medial impulse (MI), peak propulsive force (PPF), peak braking force (PBF), propulsive impulse (PI), braking impulse (BI), peak vertical force (PVF), and vertical impulse (VI).

RESULTS

As velocity increased, the PVF of all limbs increased, the VI of all limbs decreased, and the PPF of the forelimbs increased. At all velocities, PBF and BI were significantly higher than the PPF and PI in forelimbs; however, PBF and BI were significantly lower than the PPF and PI in hindlimbs. There were no significant differences in the PLF, PMF, LI, and MI of the forelimbs and hindlimbs among all velocities. The PLF was significantly higher than the PMF of forelimbs during trot 1 and trot 2.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

These results may be useful when comparing healthy Beagles with diseased ones when premorbid data are not available. Because the forelimbs are mainly responsible for the braking force, it is suggested that weight bearing is more stable in the forelimbs than in the hindlimbs, which are mainly responsible for the propulsive force, and that a greater force is generated laterally than medially during trot.
Methodological aspects of performing MR-enterography for Crohn's disease: what is important for a diagnostician?
Authors: Otochkin V. V. , Rozengauz E. V. , Chernyshev M. D. , Shevkunova L. G.
Published: July 2022

The purpose: to determine the influence of various aspects of the MR-enterography technique on the quality of the obtained images.

Materials and methods. MR-enterography was performed in 634 patients for verified Crohn's disease and suspected inflammatory and tumor diseases of the small intestine. The following drugs containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used as an oral contrast agent in 573 patients, mannitol in 32 patients, pineapple juice in 16 patients, water in 11 patients, milk in 2 patients. Oral administration of 1500 ml of contrast agent was carried out fractional for an hour in 3 stages of 15 minutes with an interval of 10 minutes. Each patient underwent programs: T2-FIESTA mode in three planes, diffusion-weighted images with a slice thickness of 5 mm through 1 mm.

Results. There were no significant differences in the severity of filling of the loops of the small and large intestine in patients taking polyethylene glycol (n = 573) and mannitol (n = 32) as an oral agent. Adequate stretching of the loops of the small intestine was achieved in 94% of patients, the expansion of the loops was considered moderate or unsatisfactory in 11 patients (4%), which is associated with poor tolerance of the contrast agent or individual characteristics of peristalsis. After coloprotectomy in 14 patients, the volume of the contrast agent was reduced to 1000 ml and the time of its administration to 30–40 minutes due to the rapid passage. MR-enterography could not be performed in 27 patients due to intolerance to PEG and mannitol drugs, which caused a pronounced gag reflex. In these cases, we resorted to alternative options in the form of water (n = 11) and pineapple juice (n = 16).

Conclusions. A qualitative assessment of the condition of the small intestine is possible only with the exact observance of all aspects of the research methodology in the form of: an interval between the last meal and MR-enterography of at least 8 hours, the volume of oral contrast agent (mannitol or PEG) 1200–1500 ml, taken 60 minutes before the study. When performing MR-enterography in patients after coloprotectomy, we recommend reducing the volume of oral contrast agent to 1000 ml and the preparation time for the study to 30–40 minutes.
Influence of Left Atrium Volume Index on effectiveness of Thoracoscopic Ablation in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Revishvili A. Sh. , Kadirova M. , Popov V. A. , Malishenko E. S. , Karmazanovsky G. G. , Strebkova E. D. , Shirokov V. S. , Novikov M. A. , Yalova E. V. , Taimasova I.  A.
Published: July 2022

Research objective: establish the impact of Left Atrium Volume Index (LAVI) on on effectiveness of Thoracoscopic Ablation (TSA) in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and define the risk factors for manifestation of supraventricular arrhythmias in the long-term follow-up results

Methods. Prospective cohort study of 121 patients with AF (from 2018 to 2021) who performed TSA. The patients were divided into two groups: patients with increased LAVI (group I), patients with normal LAVI less than 34 ml/m2 (group II).

Results. According to echocardiography, the mean LAVI was 45.48 ± 9.3 ml/m2 and 28.59 ± 4.13 ml/m2 in groups I and II, respectively (p = 0.012). The mean value of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) according to Teicholz in group I was 61.62 ± 7.041%, in group II 63.57 ± 6.16% (p = 0.8). Spearman's сorrelation analysis showed the relationship between LAVI and LVEF before surgery and in the long-term follow-up period, that is agreed with world literature data about contribution left atrial (LA) to left ventricular (LV) function. According to our study, only LAVI < 34 ml/m2 is a risk factor for arrhythmia after TSA. Effectiveness TSA in I group was 77.8%, that is lower than the II group – 88.9%. 3 months after TSA, 20 (17%) patients were required catheter ablations (CA), mainly in I group.

Conclusions. Research results showed that an increase in LAVI significantly reduces the effectiveness of TSA in the long-term period by 11.1% compared with LAVI < 34 ml/m2. That are conform with other data of previously submitted works.
Escasez y transferencias de derechos de agua
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua - IMTA, Pedrozo Acuña Adrián
Published: July 2022

Como hemos discutido en las dos últimas entregas de Perspectivas, el crecimiento poblacional, el cambio en los patrones de consumo y el desarrollo económico han generado un incremento global de la demanda de agua por diversos sectores que, aunada a los cambios en el clima hacia condiciones más extremas, nos dejan en todo el mundo frente a un escenario de crisis hídrica con vertientes sociales y económicas muy complicadas (Kahil et al., 2019; Gupta et al., 2013).
Macular Thickness Measurement in Diabetic Patients Using Optical Coherence Tomography in Yaounde
Authors:   Department Of Ophthalmology, Faculty Of Medicine And Biomedical Sciences, University Of Yaounde I, Cameroon, Kagmeni G , Ngoune Chantal Nanfack ,   Ophthalmology Unit, Gyneco-Obstetric And Pediatric Hospital Of Yaounde, Cameroon, Mvilongo C Tsimi ,   Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon, Nsala S Ngo ,   Department Of Ophthalmology, Faculty Of Medicine And Biomedical Sciences, University Of Yaounde I, Cameroon, Noche C Donmgang ,   Higher Institute Of Health Sciences, Universite Des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon
Published: July 2022

85 diabetic patients were included (165 eyes). The mean age was 57.4 ± 9.4 years. The mean central macular thickness was 229.6 ± 53.8 µm. Optical coherence tomography detected a retinal abnormality in 78.2% of the eyes compared with 8.5% on fundoscopy. Abnormalities of macular thickness included perifoveolar thickening, macular thinning, subclinical macular edema and significant macular edema.
Investigation of Shoreline Changes in the Coast of Haiphong Province from 1987 to 2018
Authors: Thi Huong Pham , Nguyen Cuong Kim , Van Uu Dinh
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the comprehensive dataset of satellite data, shoreline detection methodology, and shoreline changes in the coast of Haiphong province from 1987 to 2018. Landsat satellite images from 1987 to 2018 were gathered. With this dataset, based on the metadata of images, only the images with the similar water level (~1.8 m) and high quality were selected for detecting the shoreline using modification of normalized difference index (MNDWI). These generations of shoreline will be processed using GIS technique for retrieving the detail shoreline changes in the tidal dominated estuarine region as Haiphong coast. It should be noted that in the study area, the change of shoreline mostly comes from the human activities as reclaimation or aquaculture. However, the landward movement of Hoang Chau warp proved that the sea forcings are dominant compared to them from rivers in the Haiphong bay.
Evaluation of Processes Affecting the Variation of Groundwater Quality in Quang Nam, Da Nang, Vietnam
Authors: Nam Long Phan , Thi Ngoc Anh Nguyen , The Vinh Bui , Thu Van Can , Thu Thao Nguyen , Thi Thu Thuy Huynh
Published: July 2022

Groundwater quality is vulnerable to various processes. In this study, processes affecting groundwater quality were evaluated in coastal aquifers of Quang Nam - Da Nang (QNDN). A chemical data of 426 groundwater samples from 27 monitoring wells in the period 2011-2018 were analyzed. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Base Exchange Indices (BEXD) were applied for the evaluation. The PCA results suggested the influences of natural processes and anthropogenic activities on the groundwater quality. Seawater influence contributed to the dominant ions in groundwater; mineral weathering and dissolution mainly increased the alkalinity, Ca2+, and Mg2+; SO42- reduction explained the low SO42- in the groundwater; and reductive dissolution of Fe (hydroxides) caused Fe exceeding WHO’s drinking standard. Intensive groundwater abstraction generated up coning of saline groundwater; discharge from agricultural practices, industrialization, and urbanization were considered as sources of high NO3- in groundwater. The integration of monitoring data and BEXD gave a better interpretation of salinization and freshening, which can be masked by the memory effects of seawater transgression and regression in history.
Variation of Water Depth on Normal and Skewed Broad Crested Weirs
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Y. , Khaleel Moayed S. , Mohammad Mwafaq Y.
Published: July 2022

This paper present the variation between brink and critical depths for free overfall, of water over two models of broad crested weirs with different edge, straight vertical and skewed with an angle (30)o. The discharge was measured for the two models and compared with calculated one observed from theoretical equation. The results showed that the calculated discharge is greater than the measured one by (3.5&14.5)% for straight vertical and skew models respectively, and the skew model discharge is greater than that for the straight vertical by (13%). Also, the results indicated that the coefficient of discharge for skew model is less than that for the straight vertical one by (8%). Meanwhile for the same discharges the brink depth for straight vertical model is greater than that for skew model by (11%). The study also showed that the distance upstream the weir (x), at which the critical depth intersected with water surface profile, for skew model is greater than the straight vertical model by (63%).
Sulfide Removal From The Sulfide Spring
Authors: Al-Tamir Mus’ab A. , Al-Haialy Abdulah I. , Al-Anaz Laith A.
Published: July 2022

In this study ferrous sulfate had been used as an oxidant for removing the sulfide from water samples taken from sulfide spring in Hamam al-alil south of the Mosul city. The study revealed that ferrous sulfate is efficient in removing sulfide in dose not to exceed to 200mg/l with an efficiency of 77%, also adding of Bentonite clay with ferrous sulfate in a dose of 150mg/l and eliminate the black color due to addition of ferrous sulfate, However; Bentonite clay is inefficient in removing sulfide from the water with dose more than 300mg/l, also the study revealed that the use of Bentonite clay alone or with ferrous sulfate reduce the turbidity of treated water with efficiency more than 89%.
A Statistical Analysis of Traffic Flow Characteristics of Multilane Highways in Baghdad City, Part A: Traffic Elements Characteristics
Authors: Taha Mohammed Y. , Abood Abd Al-Kareem N.
Published: July 2022

Basic traffic elements (flow, speed, density) are used in many stages of transportation process. Flow-speed-density relationship isan important concept, which translates traffic stream characteristicsinto mathematical or statistical rnodels. These models are widely usedin transportation engineering. The main objective of this research is finding out the nature of the relationships between the basic traffic elements characteristics for multi-lane highways in Baghdad city. Data has been collected throughout an extensive field survey on twenty selected sections in the study area. Photograph technique is usedto deterrnine the basic traffic elements. Statistical technique is applied analyze the collected data in order to present the best models to describe flow-speed-density relationships. The results of this study indicate that the linear relationship between speed and density is signification with confidence level (99%). The nature of this relation is considered during theformulation of the other relation-ships between traffic elements.
Optimal Design of Bituminous Improvement Residue in Roofing and Building Applications
Authors: Abass Falak U. , Sharif Salah F. , Abass Mohammed O.
Published: July 2022

This work was based on the fact that a lot of waste-environmental pollution’s-can be re-used by fabrication in different economical techniques in addition to save the environment from their aggressive effects. The wastes of polyethylene (Pepsi bottles) and black emulation waste(bwb) for petroleum (bitumen) from local street and Iraqi refineries were used in this work to prepare a matrix materials (bwb/As/PE, bwb /Sc/PE)that will suitably used as water proofing lining and wall insulation. Different weight ratios of waste polymer (polyethylene) as(10,20,30.40,50) wt% bwb is used to improve phsiyco chemco-properties and different reinforcement local cheap ceramic materials such as asbestos fiber (As) (5, 10, 15,20,25) vol% and silicon carbide (Sc )(5,10,15,20,25) wt% to improve thermo-mechanical properties of black waste bitumen (bwb). Their effects on both phsiyco-chemco and thermo-mechanical properties (chemical resistance, thermal stability, TG analysis, tensile strength) of both matrices systems (bwb/As/PE, and bwb/Sc/PE) produced achieved optimum mixing ratiowhich gives best properties with less internal stresses had been showed. The result of testing shows that an optimum mixing ratio for sample (3) from both matrices systems (bwb/AsiPE and bwb/Sc/PE) and with excellent pysiyco-chemco and thermo-mechanical properties for system bwb/As/PE system Aging for 7 days,50 °C in different chemical solutions (100% H2O, 5% NaOH, and 5% H2SO4), The results of TG test are: an excellent thermal stability and less loss in weight is for sample (3) reinforced by asbestos fiber where its loss only 5% of original weight at 500 °C compared to sample 3 reinforced by silicon carbide, which its loss 20% of original weight at the same temperature, The thermal conductivity for both samples reinforced by asbestos fiber and silicon carbide decreased with increasing reinforcement agent (asbestos, and silicon carbide ) with excellent results for asbestos sample at 0.009 w/m oC than other one of 0.5  w/m °C. For silicon carbide The mechanical properties tensile load resistance for asbestos sample (3) after aging it in different chemical solutions (100% H2O,  5% NaOH, and 5%H2SO4) for 7 days at 50 °C with rang 100-200 dyne/cm compared to that of silicon carbide sample (3) for range 60-78 dyne/cm respectively.
Factor Analysis For Water Quality And Quantity of Tigris River At Selected Sites South Mosul City
Authors: Shihab Abdulmuhsin S.
Published: July 2022

This research aimed to emphasis Tigris river water quality and quantity variations at two sites: Qaber Al-Abid village downstream Mosul city and Dwezat village after its meeting with the Upper Zab river using factor analysis technique. Weekly samples were collected from the two sites along a year. Samples were tested for pH, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, total solids, total dissolved solids, in addition to the discharge of the river. The results of each site were analyzed statistically using factor analysis for each season and for the whole year. Factor analysis concentrated the measured water quality parameters and discharge into two to four factors for seasonal analysis, which represent (90.69%-100%) of the variation in water quality and quantity. On the other hand, five factors were extracted from the yearly data at Qaber Al-Abid site and six factors at Dwezat site.The results of factor analysis revealed that pH, conductivity and PO4- 3 is the highest contributor to the variation in water quality at the two sites. Organic pollution came in the second order in Qaber Al-Abid since it is location downstream of Mosul city, while the effect of Upper Zab made the discharge and sediment load (SS, TS and TDS) in the second order for the variation in Dwezat site.
Studying Some of Quality Characteristics for Rain Water in Samarra and Balad
Authors: Qasim Ayad F. , Lateef Khalid H. , Abbas Abbas H.
Published: July 2022

A study of some of quality characteristics for the precipitation in several sites of Samarra and Balad in Iraq was achieved .The period of the study was from 7-January to 15-February /2006 which is commonly recognized with annual rains during the winter.. The wind velocity ,temperature ,and humidity during the samples collection period ranged (2-8)m/s ,(6.5-18)0C, and (51%- 97%) respectively .Chemical tests included the concentration of sulphates(SO4) ,nitrates(NO3),calcium (Ca), and pH. Also the tests investigated the possibility existence of some heavy metals which were iron (Fe),lead (Pb).and nickel(Ni). SO4 concentrations range was (100-250)mg/l while NO3 concentrations range was (60-196)mg/l. The tests proved inexistence of calcium, lead, and nickel while the Iron concentration range was (0.3-6.8)mg/l. The pH range in the samples was(5.56-6.7),Thus the rain in all sites was considered as acid rain.
Improving of Anion Exchangers Regeneration
Authors: Ibrahim Muzher M. , Hameed Shymaa A.
Published: July 2022

In this study, Different basis [NaOH and KOH] of variable concentration are used to reactivate Anion exchangers employing different schemes .The Laboratory results showed large improvement in efficiency of these exchangers ( i.e operating time was increased from 12 to 42 hours ) . The results of this work showed that the environmental load (waste water) can be reduced greatly when using the proposed regeneration scheme.
Problems of the implementation of the principle of justice in the construction of sanctions norms of the Special part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Prostoserdov Mikhail Aleksandrovich
Published: July 2022

The author examines in detail the problems of implementing the principle of justice in the construction of sanctions of criminal law norms of a special part of the current criminal law of the Russian Federation. The object of the study is public relations regulating the establishment of specific types and punishments within their specific limits for the seduction of specific crimes. The subject of the study is the norms of the current criminal law of the Russian Federation. The author pays special attention to the issues of compliance of certain types of punishments with the nature and degree of public danger of the crime. separately, the issues of the correlation of the sanctions of the norms of the part and the norms of the whole, the problems of establishing the lower limit of punishment in criminal sanctions are investigated.   The scientific novelty lies in the developed and formulated theoretical foundations for the construction of criminal law sanctions aimed at implementing the principle of justice. The paper investigated the sanctions of new norms of a Special part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, such as "Knowingly false expert opinion in the field of procurement" (Article 200.6 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). At the same time, several problems of implementing the principle of justice in the construction of criminal sanctions have been identified, and new ways of eliminating these problems have been proposed. The conclusion is substantiated on the ratio of sanctions of norms-part and norms-whole, sanctions of qualified and basic compositions, on the principles of establishing a fine as the main type of punishment in the sanctions of the norms of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as on the principles of establishing the lower limit of punishment in the form of imprisonment.
Mesolithic locality of Istai VI in the Northern Caspian region
Authors: Gorashuk I. V. , Popov A. S.
Published: July 2022

The territory of the Northern Caspian Sea is a unique geographical and historical zone. This lies in the fact that it was here that important processes of cultural genesis took place. This is especially evident in the studied monuments of the Stone Age. During the second half of the 20th century, this region attracted researchers. Many sites have been studied, including those attributed to the Mesolithic. A huge array of data made it possible to distinguish two groups of Mesolithic sites within the region - Istai and Zhekolgan. This article discusses the materials of the Mesolithic site in the Northern Caspian - Istay VI, which was studied in 1989 by the expeditions of the Kuibyshev State Pedagogical University under the leadership of I.B. Vasiliev. Due to the fact that the materials of the collection were published in part and relatively long ago, there was a need for a modern interpretation. As a result of a comprehensive typological and traceological analysis of the collection, the authors come to the conclusion that the materials of the site belong to the Zhekolgan group and have a Late Melithic appearance.
Neolithization processes in the Middle Kura basin
Authors: Guliev F. E.
Published: July 2022

Research into the Neolithization of the Southern Caucasus has entered a new stage in the 2000s, with a remarkable increase in international archaeological investigations employing cutting-edge feld techniques and related laboratory studies. Current research indicates that full-ﬂedged Neolithic societies emerged in the Southern Caucasus in the early sixth millennium BC, most likely through interaction with Neolithic societies of Southwest Asia. Neolithization took place in the southern Caucasus at the beginning of the sixth millennium BC, most likely as part of the expansion of the Neolithic socioeconomy from the Middle East, where the food production economy had been established at least a few thousand years earlier. However, local adaptation and indigenous cultural development are also likely to have played important roles in this process, by which distinct Neolithic ways of life emerged in the southern Caucasus. Tis article reports on 46 radiocarbon dates obtained from the two recently excavated Early Pot-tery Neolithic sites of Göytepe and Hacı Elamxanlı Tepe, the oldest farming villages known to date in West Azerbaijan. Comparing the dates from other related sites demonstrates that several settlements representing the earliest Pottery Neolithic emerged almost simultaneously at the beginning of the sixth millennium B.C.E. in the northern and southern foothills of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains.
Dynamic settlement, mobile villagers? Stratigraphic record and multi-isotope analysis at Neolithic Monjukli Depe (SW Turkmenistan)
Authors: Heit I. , Eger J.
Published: July 2022

This paper investigates the scales of mobility in an early farming community in the southeastern Kopet Dag region by integrating studies of the faunal assemblage with the stratigraphic evidence from Monjukli Depe. The sequence of lower Neolithic layers at Monjukli Depe documented on a rather small scale by stratigraphic deep trenches points to a dynamic settlement activity at the site in this period. The Neolithic stratigraphic sequence consists of mixed layers characterized by minor architectural remains and alternating almost sterile aeolian deposits. The evidence of this period differs significantly from the upper Early Aeneolithic layers of the Monjukli Depe settlement, which exhibit substantial mudbrick architecture and consecutive domestic structures. Fluctuations in settlement activity at the site, noticeable in the stratigraphy, are also recorded in the analysis of phosphate and organic carbon of soil samples from Neolithic strata. In order to obtain information on the rhythms and seasonality of settlement activities at site during the Neolithic period, we conducted multi-isotopic analysis on animal remains. δ13C and δ18O values and 87Sr/86Sr ratios of caprine tooth enamel are used to assess seasonal patterns related to grazing habits or foddering. The combination of the archaeozoological record and the results of isotopic analysis indicates sedentary animal husbandry practices at Monjukli Depe. Considering the stratigraphic and archaeozoological data, we propose that the settlement was neither seasonal nor permanent but rather frequently abandoned and reoccupied for several years.
Shell platforms and dwelling structures: spatial structure of the archaeological layer of the early Neolithic Rakushechnii Yar site
Authors: Dolbunova E. V. , Mazurkevich A. N. , Larionova A. V. , Maigrot Y. , Lozovsky V. M.
Published: July 2022

The Rakushechny Yar site is one of the key Early Neolithic sites of southern Eastern Europe. The lithological strata, which preserved the cultural layers of Neolithic- Eneolithic, reach a thickness of more than 6 m. Remains of various structures attributed to Early Neolithic were identified – platforms with Unio shells surrounded by stake pits, shell piles with numerous kitchen remains and artefacts, pits with Unio shells deposited within several horizons. Another type includes the remains of structures marked by rows of post and stake pits, some of which may relate to fishing gear. Dwelling structures are represented by the remains of buildings with clay floors. Analysis of the distribution of artifacts and ecofacts and plans of individual layers on the basis of analysis of archival materials made it possible to identify different types of household and residential structures, outline the boundaries of artifact accumulations, describe the location of objects in the cultural layer, reconstruct functional zones, identify stable complexes of different categories and material groups. Spatial analysis of the archival material, taking into account the results of recent years of field research, shows a change in the development pattern of the coastal zone from small-scale household areas, sometimes paved with shells, with pits to residential complexes.
Quartzite debitage from the lower layers of Nepryakhino site
Authors: Zakharikov A. P.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of quartzite debitage from the lower layers of the Nepryakhino site. The multi-layered Nepryakhino site in the Volga-Ural interfluves is located. The lower layers are dated to OIS3. AMS date for the lower buried soil – 40,620 ± 270 BP. The assemblages from lower layers of Nepryakhino site is characterized by significant amount of bifaces (from 16 to 31 %); prismatic cores accompanied by a representative group of prismatic preforms. The debitage is 97 %. Spalls associated with the preparation, knapping, and trimming of prismatic cores amount to 4 %. The bifacial debitage is 74-82 %. There are two groups of morphologically different flakes from bifaces. Group 1: classical flakes of bifacial thinning/trimming (up to 48–50 %). Striking platform is often linear or dotted strongly beveled, with overhang trimming and pronounced lip. These flakes the main stage of bifacial manufacturing are represents. Group 2 includes flakes (26–32 %) characterized by large size with massive cross-section and curved profile. The striking platforms are wide, beveled in less degree, the overhang trimming is less frequent and less intensive. These flakes the initial stage of bifacial manufacturing are represents. All of bifaces in varying degrees unfinished. Complete bifacial points as well as prismatic cores were transported outside the site.
retorno da opção preferencial pelos pobres
Authors: Souza Ney de , Silva Dias Tiago Cosmo da
Published: July 2022

O desejo de uma Igreja dos Pobres sobrevém do Concílio Vaticano II (1962-1965), que ao inserir na Igreja a categoria da historicidade, libertou-a de um certo imobilismo institucional. O Concílio afirmou que “as alegrias e as esperanças, as tristezas e as angústias dos homens e mulheres de hoje sobretudo dos pobres e de todos aqueles que sofrem, são também as alegrias e as esperanças, as tristezas e as angústias dos discípulos de Cristo” (GS 1). Na América Latina, essa concepção foi amadurecida com a opção preferencial pelos pobres, afirmada em Medellín (1968), Puebla (1979), Santo Domingo (1992) e Aparecida (2007). Desta última conferência, o então cardeal Jorge Mario Bergoglio, hoje papa Francisco, foi o presidente da comissão que redigiu o documento final. Desde 2013, eleito bispo de Roma, Francisco tem procurado levar sua experiência de Igreja latino-americana para a Igreja Universal, renunciando a símbolos e títulos que expressam poder, e não serviço, e demonstrando simplicidade nas maneiras de ser e de agir, reafirmando constantemente o seu desejo de uma “Igreja pobre para os pobres”. A finalidade deste artigo é demonstrar alguns dos aspectos e a atualidade da opção preferencial pelos pobres à luz do pontificado em curso, fazendo-se, ao mesmo tempo, uma recessão do que esta escolha representa para a igreja latino-americana.
Iglesia en las fronteras
Authors: Skoda Aldo
Published: July 2022

Aunque es una constante en la historia de la humanidad, hoy en día la migración se caracteriza por la aceleración y diversificación de los flujos, el crecimiento de la migración forzada, la falta de una visión de políticas globales e integradas, la narrativa parcial o distorsionada que genera prejuicios. A menudo se utiliza la migración con fines políticos para generar miedo entre las comunidades de acogida a través de una campaña bien pensada de discurso de odio. Esto contribuye a presentar el fenómeno migratorio como un continuo estado de emergencia. La visión teológico-pastoral sobre el fenómeno migratorio y cómo puede mejorar una acción abierta y atenta hacia los migrantes y refugiados son hoy un campo muy fructífero de reflexión y debate. Un elemento importante lo constituye la riqueza de la reflexión teológica, del magisterio y de la acción profética de la Iglesia al abordar los desafíos de la movilidad humana no simplemente como un fenómeno social, sino como un signo de los tiempos. Al analizar algunos elementos característicos de la acción pastoral en el ámbito de la movilidad humana, se propone el concepto de participación, de compartir responsabilidades y de pastoral intercultural como forma concreta de acción pastoral.
Migração, diversidade religiosa e o princípio pluralista
Authors: Oliveira Ribeiro Claudio de , Moraes Negro Felipe de
Published: July 2022

Pesquisa acerca do conceito de inreligionação, formulado por Andrés Torres Queiruga, como chave para contribuir com as aproximações inter-religiosas que são sempre presentes e necessárias nos processos migratórios, especialmente pelo caráter excludente e discriminatório deles. Para atingir o objetivo, pretende-se analisar esse conceito, que é uma das bases do princípio pluralista, engendrado no entendimento de tais processos. Metodologicamente, as reflexões possuem três momentos distintos, que apresentam os resultados da pesquisa realizada. O primeiro é refletir sobre os fluxos migratórios e a relação deles com a pluralidade das experiências religiosas. O segundo consiste em compreender o significado do conceito de inreligionação queiruguiano e de que forma ele pode ser aplicado favoravelmente nos processos migratórios, uma vez que é chave de leitura para as aproximações inter-religiosas. Por fim, o terceiro busca concatenar a reflexão acerca da migração, tendo como base a inreligionação, maneira essencial de se cuidar de forma acolhedora das tensões que emergem dos processos migratórios vigentes na atualidade, considerando os aspectos básicos da dignidade humana do diferente.
“Néo-humboldtisme” : histoire d’un métaterme
Authors: Formigari Lia
Published: July 2022

Par l'effet conjoint de contingences géo-politiques et de raisons épistémologique, à partir des années 1990 la relativité linguistique a retrouvée une actualité qu'elle semblait avoir perdue sous l’action de la diffusion du structuralisme d'abord et du générativisme ensuite. Cet article se propose comme une rétrospection sur le “néo-humboldtisme”, un terme qui recouvre un agglomérat de théories gravitant autour de la notion de relativité. Après avoir précisé les deux notions, apparentées mais différentes, de relativité et determinisme (§ 1) ainsi que leurs motivation rhétoriques et théoriques (§§ 2-3), il reconstruit les racines idéalistes de la théorie (§ 5) et en décrit les développements au XXe siècle, dans deux directions diverses, chez Weisgerber (§ 6) et Whorf (§ 7). Il donne enfin (§ 8) quelques exemples de l'approche néo-cognitive de la notion de relativité, où deux aspects essentiels de l'approche idéaliste sont remis en question : l'identification entre pensée et langage et la correspondance entre l'appartenance typologi-que de la langue et le caractère ethno-territorial des locuteurs.
L’idéologie-système et l’idéologie-force (Autour de Valentin Vološinov)
Authors: Zenkin Sergej
Published: July 2022

D'une très brève histoire des mutations de la notion d’idéologie, l’auteur dégage l’opposition entre l'idéologie-système et l'idéologie-force, dont la première est caractérisée par une certaine cohérence rationnelle et spéculative et la seconde, par un impact actif (et parfois irrationnel) produit sur les esprits et les processus sociaux. Sous formes diverses, cette opposition se retrouve chez le linguiste russe des années 1920 Valentin Vološinov de même que, indépendamment de lui, chez les théoriciens français Roland Barthes et Louis Althusser et aussi dans un essai du grand philologue russe Mikhaïl Gasparov."
La présentation de la langue russe dans les manuels de russe pour francophones (1917-1991)
Authors: Zalesskaya Daria
Published: July 2022

Chaque manuel d’apprentissage (et d’enseignement) d’une langue étrangère est un document reflétant non seulement des méthodes d’enseignements spécifiques, mais aussi des tendances dans la représentation de la langue étrangère et des personnes qui la parlent, leur pays et leur culture ; ce genre de manuel transmet également des informations sur les opinions politiques et sociales. Cet article a pour dessein d’analyser les manuels de russe comme langue étrangère, développés et publiés dans les pays francophones pour les étudiants francophones. À partir des données présentées dans les manuels, nous analyserons la ue russe et ses méthodes d’enseignement de 1917 à 1991.
Satisfacción estudiantil como un indicador de la calidad educativa
Authors: Marcano Molano Pedro Gabriel , Uribe Veintimilla Ana María
Published: July 2022

La satisfacción estudiantil es útil para las instituciones educativas ya que condiciona varios elementos como el éxito escolar, rendimiento académico, permanencia y permite implementar políticas que mejoren los servicios y la calidad educativa. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo cuyo propósito fue determinar el nivel de satisfacción de los estudiantes del curso de nivelación, aspirantes a las carreras Educación Inicial y Educación Básica de la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, Ecuador, en el periodo 2019-2 con relación a las condiciones institucionales, construcción del conocimiento y desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas, relación docentes-estudiantes, recursos educativos y metodologías. Se aplicó una escala tipo Likert de cinco puntos con la finalidad de abordar el nivel de satisfacción en cuatro parámetros. Entre los resultados más relevantes destacan un nivel de satisfacción elevado con respecto al desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas, el proceso de construcción del conocimiento y la implementación de estrategias evaluativas novedosas por parte de los docentes. Un nivel de satisfacción no favorable se refiere a las condiciones institucionales: mantenimiento y equipamiento de las aulas, número de bancas en las mismas, el mantenimiento de proyectores, ventilación y tamaño de las aulas.
Pertinencia de la carrera de Turismo y Hotelería de la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar en el contexto ecuatoriano
Authors: Arcos Bosquez Verónica Maribel , Sánchez Chávez Germán Patricio , Torres Cadena Juan Pablo , Hernández Aguiar Fharab De Lourdes
Published: July 2022

El estudio de pertinencia de la Carrera Turismo y Hotelería en la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas de la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar se realizó en el periodo de 2021-2022, en base al requerimiento de conocer las necesidades de formación académica del contexto para el desarrollo de la actividad turística. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la oferta y demanda educativa como respuesta a las demandas sociales, los requerimientos de los empleadores y las expectativas educativas actuales; considerando dos referentes: el análisis contextual y el estudio de mercado. El primero, recopiló información sobre el estado actual de la formación de profesionales de turismo y hotelería en el país, incluidos datos que motivan la modalidad híbrida, coherente con los ejes de planificación estatal, las zonas de desarrollo del país y las perspectivas de reactivación del turismo post Covid-19 en el Ecuador. El segundo análisis permitió recopilar información bibliográfica y de campo; así como los criterios desde la perspectiva de actores claves, graduados de la carrera, así como la experiencia de los empleadores.
Prospectiva como herramienta de decisiones en la carrera de Contabilidad y Auditoría de la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar
Authors: Chávez García Elsita Margoth , Rivera Piñaloza Darwin Vladimir , Navas Montes Yonaiker , Pacheco Mendoza Silvia Rosa
Published: July 2022

Se realizó un estudio prospectivo para sustentar el rediseño curricular de la carrera Contabilidad y Auditoría de la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, con el objetivo de generar desarrollo académico que contribuya a la formación de profesionales que atiendan las necesidades y problemáticas del entorno. Su importancia radica en el mejoramiento continuo de procesos, oferta de programas evaluados y acreditados acorde a la normativa impuesta por el ente regulador. Para su desarrollo se partió del conocimiento de la situación actual, la interacción entre Estado, instituciones de educación superior, empresa y sociedad; se utilizó una investigación exploratoria, con enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, apoyado en un estudio documental, siguiendo un nivel descriptivo. Se determinó que el mercado laboral es altamente competitivo por lo que requiere profesionales competentes que den respuesta a los problemas del contexto, haciendo que las Instituciones de Educación Superior estén involucradas y garanticen los procesos de formación, a través de la academia y capacitación continua; adicional, se requiere implementar una visión prospectiva en su conceptualización al momento de elaborar la malla.
Oferta académica en Gestión de Riesgos y Riesgos de Desastres en Ecuador
Authors: Paucar Camacho José Abelardo , Vallejo-Ilijama María , Barragán Aroca Grey Irene
Published: July 2022

Ante el incremento del impacto de los desastres por fenómenos naturales a nivel mundial, la educación, formación y especialización de profesionales en el área de la gestión de riesgos de desastres constituye una estrategia importante para la reducción de riesgos de desastres y el fortalecimiento de la resiliencia en los territorios. El presente trabajo analiza la oferta académica vigente en Ecuador en la formación de nivel técnico-tecnológico superior, tercer nivel – grado y posgrado en el área de la gestión de riesgos que pertenecen al campo amplio de conocimientos de Servicios y la formación en riesgos de desastres al campo de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y Estadística; para ello, se aplicó la bibliometría, la nube de palabras y la estadística descriptiva, para la gestión de información, describir y comparar la oferta académica vigente en el Ecuador y en el contexto internacional; los resultados muestran que en Ecuador, en su mayor parte los programas de formación de nivel tecnológico y de grado son ofertadas por instituciones de educación superior privadas, mientras que, en los programas de posgrado, prevalecen las instituciones públicas; en su mayoría los programas son autofinanciados, solo uno es gratuito; la mayor oferta se concentra en la ciudad de Quito, seguida de Loja, Guaranda, Portoviejo, Guayaquil, Cuenca y Milagro; en el contexto internacional, prevalece la oferta en programas de posgrado.
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of Peptide Nucleic Acid Probes with improved Interstrand-Crosslinking abilities: Application to Biotin-mediated RNA-Pulldown
Authors: Cadoni Enrico , Pennati Francesca , Muangkaew Penthip , Elskens Joke , Madder Annemieke , Manicardi Alex
Published: July 2022

The development of interstrand-crosslinking (ICL) probes for the covalent targeting of DNA and RNA sequences of interest has been extensively reported in the past decade. However, most of the reactions reported so far induce the formation of a stable adduct that cannot be reverted, thus ren-dering these chemistries less useful in applications where the reversibility of the reaction is need-ed for further downstream processing of the targeted and isolated sequences, such as enzymatic amplification steps. In this work, we report on the reversibility of the furan-mediated ICL reac-tion, conveniently triggered by either chemical (NBS) or luminous stimuli (light irradiation in presence of a photosensitizer), which can be conveniently achieved by heating the crosslinked sample at 95°C to induce the quantitative reversion of the reaction, while maintaining the struc-ture of the DNA/RNA targets intact. As a proof-of-concept and showing the benefits of the ICL reversibility, we apply furan-mediated ICL to the pulldown of a target RNA strand from cell ly-sate.
Analýza výsledkov aplikácie koncepcie CPTED v zahraničí
Authors:   University of Zilina, Kubalová Klaudia
Published: July 2022

The process of designing security into architecture is known as "Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design." It includes a design built environment to reduce opportunities and fear of crime. Crime prevention through environmental design can help with reducing the chances of committing crimes and also can provide guidance to property owners on how to protect their property. There is not enough information about the concept in the territory of the Slovak Republic, so the objective of this article is to point out its effectiveness. The effectiveness of the CPTED concept will be demonstrated through an analysis of implemented projects abroad, which have confirmed that the concept is an effective, successful and feasible multidisciplinary prevention strategy.