bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety of Recombinant Fusion Protein ESAT6-CFP10 as a Skin Test Reagent for Tuberculosis Diagnosis: an Open-Label, Randomized, Single-Center Phase I Clinical Trial
Authors: Li Feng , Xu Miao , Zhou Lijun , Xiong Yanqing , Xia Lu , Fan Xiaoyong , Gu Jun , Pu Jiang , Lu Shuihua , Wang Guozhi
Published: July 2016

This trial was conducted to explore the safety of recombinant fusion protein ESAT6-CFP10 as a skin test reagent for the diagnosis of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
infection. Twenty-four healthy adult volunteers were recruited and randomized into four groups (groups A to D) to study four increasing doses of ESAT6-CFP10. All subjects in each dose group received an intradermal injection of reagent (0.1 ml) via the Mantoux technique. Then, the vital signs of all subjects were monitored, and skin reactions around injection sites and adverse events were recorded at different detection time points after the skin test. No serious adverse events were observed in this study. A total of 3 subjects had unexpected events. One subject in group A developed subcutaneous hemorrhage 24 h after the skin test, one subject in group B was found with red spots 15 min after the skin test, and another subject in group A showed abnormity during a chest X-ray after the skin test without affecting her health. One of three adverse events (red spots) was probably related to the recombinant ESAT6-CFP10 reagent. A single dose of 1, 5, 10, or 20 μg/ml of recombinant ESAT6-CFP10 as a skin test reagent for
M. tuberculosis
infection diagnosis is well tolerated and safe in China. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01999231.)
Intermittent foot claudication caused by a dynamic compression of the posterior tibial artery
Authors: Kaczynski Jakub , Topliss Claire , Fligelstone Louis
Published: July 2016

A young adult presented with an atypical intermittent foot claudication caused by a dynamic compression of the posterior tibial artery by a ganglion. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges when dealing with an entrapment syndrome. Subsequent open surgical treatment was successful, and the patient has made a good recovery.
Primary hyperaldosteronism: a case of unilateral adrenal hyperplasia with contralateral incidentaloma
Authors: Vakkalanka Sujit , Zhao Andrew , Samannodi Mohammed
Published: July 2016

Primary hyperaldosteronism is one of the most common causes of secondary hypertension but clear differentiation between its various subtypes can be a clinical challenge. We report the case of a 37-year-old African-American woman with refractory hypertension who was admitted to our hospital for palpitations, shortness of breath and headache. Her laboratory results showed hypokalaemia and an elevated aldosterone/renin ratio. An abdominal CT scan showed a nodule in the left adrenal gland but adrenal venous sampling showed elevated aldosterone/renin ratio from the right adrenal vein. The patient began a new medical regimen but declined any surgical options. We recommend clinicians to maintain a high level of suspicion to consider the less common subtypes of primary hyperaldosteronism, especially given the fact that the management greatly varies.
Kinesiology taping as an adjunct for pain management in cancer?
Authors: Banerjee Gourav , Rebanks Jonathan , Briggs Michelle , Johnson Mark I
Published: July 2016

We present the case of a 46-year-old woman who developed severe pain described as ‘tearing’ and ‘searing’ in the left side of the mid-trapezius region near the thoracic 8 vertebra (T8). The patient had undergone surgery for T8 fracture which had resulted from metastasis (secondary breast cancer). A community nurse referred the patient for physiotherapy assessment and treatment for her musculoskeletal pain and related symptoms that had affected her mobility and functional activities. The patient was treated with soft tissue therapy with the addition of kinesiology taping on follow-up visits. Kinesiology tape was applied over her left side trapezius region and left shoulder. The patient reported significant reductions in pain severity and felt greater control and stability over her left shoulder region, which resulted in better function and overall quality of life measures. She did not report any adverse effects.
A request for euthanasia: handling the client
Authors: Knight Andrew
Published: July 2016

THIS series gives readers the opportunity to consider and contribute to discussion of some of the ethical dilemmas that can arise in veterinary practice. Each month, a case scenario is presented, followed by discussion of some of the issues involved.

In addition, a possible way forward is suggested; however, there is rarely a cut‐and‐dried answer in such cases, and readers may wish to suggest an alternative approach. This month's dilemma, ‘A request for euthanasia: handling the client’, was submitted and is discussed by Andrew Knight. Readers with comments to contribute are invited to send them as soon as possible, so that they can be considered for publication in the next issue. Discussion of the dilemma ‘Using the evidence’, which was published in the June issue of In Practice, appears on page 359.

The series is being coordinated by Steven McCulloch, a practising vet with a PhD in the ethics of veterinary policy. It is hoped it will provide a framework that will help practitioners find solutions when facing similar dilemmas
Update on management of epilepsy in women for the non-neurologist
Authors: Gooneratne Inuka Kishara , Wimalaratna Sunil
Published: July 2016

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder, prevalent in about 1% of the population. Almost half of the patients with epilepsy are women. Epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs can affect each aspect of the female human life cycle which includes menstrual cycle, contraception, fertility, conception, pregnancy and menopause. The interplay of the female hormonal state and epilepsy is complex and has to be taken in to consideration when managing their epilepsy. This review focuses on the management of women with epilepsy related to their role in reproduction.
Hydroxide derivatives of tetrazole: computational design approach for high-energy materials
Authors: Devi Alka , Ghule Vikas D.
Published: July 2016

Based on the backbone of the nitrogen-rich triazole and tetrazole structure, their N–OH derivatives were designed to improve the properties of energetic materials. This work introduces five novel nitrogen-rich derivatives and their energetic salts as high-performance compounds. Reliable methods and correlations are used to predict the heat of formation, density, detonation, and combustion properties and explosive power. The predicted energetic properties are also compared with well-known explosives, TNT, TATB, RDX, and HMX, to evaluate the performance. A majority of the designed salts exhibited high positive heats of formation, good detonation properties, and high explosive power. Ammonium, hydrazinium, and hydroxylammonium salts (1–3), which have relatively high densities (over 1.86 g/cm3), resulted in good detonation velocities (above 9.0 km/s) and pressures (above 35 GPa), making them competitive energetic materials.
Fluctuation effects in metastable states near first-order phase transitions
Authors: Uzunov Dimo I.
Published: July 2016

Fluctuation effects at first-order phase transitions driven by changes of other-than-temperature factors like pressure, concentration or external fields are investigated by perturbation theory. The results for the fluctuation contributions to the order parameter, the internal energy and the free energy at pre-transitional states near spinodal points of first-order phase transitions are presented to the first-nonvanishing order of the expansion parameters of the theory.
Integrated MCDM for Benchmarking Techniques in Indian Service Industries
Authors: Singh Bhupender , Grover Sandeep , Singh Vikram
Published: July 2016

Industries need to ascend their standards for competitiveness and adopt modern methods with techniques for effectiveness of their system which occurs through convention of benchmarking techniques. The rationale of the study is to review the benchmarking techniques and moreover to rank on the basis of their application in service industries. To rank the benchmarking, analytical network process and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methods are used. An integrated model of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is used for prioritizing the best practices in Indian service sector. The study identifies different types of benchmarking techniques among which generic benchmarking, external benchmarking and internal benchmarking occupy the first three ranks, providing basis for several critical success factors (CSFs) like planning, reliability, standardization, time behavior and usability as the more important parts of benchmarking. Thus, an endeavor has been made by authors to give a model for evaluation of benchmarking techniques through MCDM which gives confidence for executives to adopt benchmarking in their industries.
A Comparative Study for Modeling Displacement Instabilities due to TGO Formation in TBCs of High-Temperature Components in Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Huang Xia , Wang Jian , Song Kun , Zhang Feng , Yi Tong , Ding Jun
Published: July 2016

This paper reports two numerical simulation methods for modeling displacement instabilities around a surface groove in a metal substrate used in nuclear power plant. The amplitude change in the groove, the downward displacement at the base node, and the groove displacement at the periphery were simulated using ABAQUS to compare the results from two methods, as well as the tangential stress in the elements at the groove base and periphery. The comparison showed that for the tangential stress two methods were in close agreement for all thermal cycles. For the amplitude change, the downward displacement, the groove displacement, and the stress distribution, the two methods were in close agreement for the first 3 to 6 thermal cycles. After that, inconsistency increased with the number of thermal cycles. It is interesting that the thermal cycle at which the discrepancy between the two methods began to occur corresponded to a thermally grown oxide (TGO) thickness of 1 μm, which showed the accuracy of the present work over the classic method. It is concluded that the present work’s numerical simulation scheme worked better with a thinner TGO layer than the classic method and could overcome the limitation of TGO thickness by simulating any thickness.
Chronic Kidney Disease Induced Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Damage Associated with Intestinal Oxidative Stress Injury
Authors: Yu Chao , Wang Zhen , Tan Shanjun , Wang Qiang , Zhou Chunyu , Kang Xin , Zhao Shuang , Liu Shuai , Fu Huijun , Yu Zhen , Peng Ai
Published: July 2016

Background.To investigate whether intestinal mucosal barrier was damaged or not in chronic kidney disease progression and the status of oxidative stress.Methods.Rats were randomized into two groups: a control group and a uremia group. The uremia rat model was induced by 5/6 kidney resection. In postoperative weeks (POW) 4, 6, 8, and 10, eight rats were randomly selected from each group to prepare samples for assessing systemic inflammation, intestinal mucosal barrier changes, and the status of intestinal oxidative stress.Results.The uremia group presented an increase trend over time in the serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10, serum D-lactate and diamine oxidase, and intestinal permeability, and these biomarkers were significantly higher than those in control group in POW 8 and/or 10. Chiu’s scores in uremia group were also increased over time, especially in POW 8 and 10. Furthermore, the intestinal malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly higher in uremia group when compared with those in control group in POW 8 and/or 10.Conclusions.The advanced chronic kidney disease could induce intestinal mucosal barrier damage and further lead to systemic inflammation. The underlying mechanism may be associated with the intestinal oxidative stress injury.
A Parasitic Array Receiver for ISAR Imaging of Ship Targets Using a Coastal Radar
Authors: Santi Fabrizio , Pastina Debora
Published: July 2016

The detection and identification of ship targets navigating in coastal areas are essential in order to prevent maritime accidents and to take countermeasures against illegal activities. Usually, coastal radar systems are employed for the detection of vessels, whereas noncooperative ship targets as well as ships not equipped with AIS transponders can be identified by means of dedicated active radar imaging system by means of ISAR processing. In this work, we define a parasitic array receiver for ISAR imaging purposes based on the signal transmitted by an opportunistic coastal radar over its successive scans. In order to obtain the proper cross-range resolution, the physical aperture provided by the array is combined with the synthetic aperture provided by the target motion. By properly designing the array of passive devices, the system is able to correctly observe the signal reflected from the ships over successive scans of the coastal radar. Specifically, the upper bounded interelement spacing provides a correct angular sampling accordingly to the Nyquist theorem and the lower bounded number of elements of the array ensures the continuity of the observation during multiple scans. Anad hocfocusing technique has been then proposed to provide the ISAR images of the ships. Simulated analysis proved the effectiveness of the proposed system to provide top-view images of ship targets suitable for ATR procedures.
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in cardiac surgery and critically ill patients
Authors: Selleng Sixten , Selleng Kathleen
Published: July 2016

Thrombocytopenia as well as anti-platelet factor 4/heparin (PF4/H) antibodies are common in cardiac surgery patients and those treated in the intensive care unit. In contrast, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is uncommon in these populations (∼1 % and ∼0.5 %, respectively). A stepwise approach where testing for anti-PF4/H antibodies is performed only in patients with typical clinical symptoms of HIT improves diagnostic specificity of the laboratory assays without losing sensitivity, thereby helping to avoid overdiagnosis and resulting HIT overtreatment. Short-term re-exposure to heparin, especially given intraoperatively for cardiovascular surgery, is a reasonable therapeutic option in patients with a history of HIT who subsequently test negative for HIT antibodies. Organ failure(s), enhanced bleeding risks, and other characteristics require special considerations regarding non-heparin anticoagulation: Argatroban is the alternative anticoagulant with pharmacokinetics independent of renal function, but it has a prolonged half-life in case of impaired liver function. For bivalirudin, protocols during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery are established, and it is suitable for patients with liver insufficiency. A major issue of direct thrombin inhibitors are false high activated partial thromboplastin time values in patients with comorbidities affecting prothrombin, which can result in systematic underdosing of the drugs. This is not the case for danaparoid and fondaparinux, which can be monitored by anti-factor Xa assays, but have long half-lives and no suitable antidote. This review includes also information on management of on- and off-pump cardiac surgery, ventricular assist devices, percutaneous interventions, continuous renal replacement therapy, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with HIT.
A tragédia do século XX e o teatro de Pier Paolo Pasolini
Authors: Souza Vilma De Katinszky Barreto de
Published: July 2016

Reflexão sobre a existência e a "corrosão" do trágico como gênero dramático do século XX. Denúncia da burguesia através dos seus escândalos como "casos comuns". Função satírica e tratamento sério do travestimento. A análise da peça "Affabulazione", de Pasolini, permite ver como o autor retoma um dos temas edipianos, que poderíamos chamar de "anti-Édipo".
A ciranda da malandragem em Ragazzi di Vita de Pasolini e "Malagueta, Perus e Bacanaço" de João Antônio
Authors: Polinesio Julia Marchetti
Published: July 2016

O artigo analisa os pontos de contato entre Ragazzi di vita, de Pasolini, e "Malagueta, Perus e Bacanaço", de João Antônio, que têm como tema a representação de personagens extraídos das camadas marginalizadas da população de grandes cidades, como Roma e São Paulo. Além da identidade tem-atica - a carência (de domicílio fixo, dinheiro, estabilidade e afeto)-, são apontados outro pontos de aproximação: o foco narrativo; a linguagem, carregada de gíria, de formas populares ou dialetos; os temas recorrentes no ambiente do submundo, como a morte, o medo, a crueldade.
Redescription of Bursaphelenchus parapinasteri (Tylenchina: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from Pinus thunbergii in China with a key to the hofmanni-group
Authors: Maria Munawar , Fang Yiwu , Gu Jianfeng , Li Hongmei
Published: July 2016

Bursaphelenchus parapinasteriis redescribed morphologically and with new molecular characterisation. It was isolated from a deadPinus thunbergiion Changgang Mountain, Zhoushan Islands, Zhejiang Province, China. Detailed morphology of the spicule, female gonad, hemizonid position, arrangement of male caudal papillae, and female tail terminus shape are documented. The ITS-RFLP patterns and the ITS1/2, partial 28S D2-D3 and partial 18S gene sequences were characterised. The phylogenetic analyses revealed thatB. parapinasteribelongs to thehofmanni-groupsensuBraasch and is close toB. anamurius,B. hofmanni,B. mazandaranense,B. paracorneolus,B. pinasteriandB. ulmophilus. A diagnostic key to species of thehofmanni-group is presented.
Implementation of marine seismic source wavefields in finite-difference methods using wavefield injection
Authors: Haavik Kjetil E. , Birger Raknes Espen , Landrø Martin
Published: July 2016

We have developed a method for implementing source wavefields in finite-difference (FD) schemes for marine seismic modeling, migration, and inversion. By using the wavefield injection technique, it is possible to inject arbitrary source wavefields into an FD grid. We have assumed that the notional source signatures from each gun in an air-gun array and their positions are known. The source wavefield is extrapolated to a specified surface below the true source positions using analytical Green’s functions. On this surface, the pressure and its vertical derivative are inserted into the FD grid. The wavefield propagating from this surface will then propagate downward and appear as if it came from the true source position. The source positions do not need to coincide with the FD grid points, and the free-surface reflection coefficient for the source ghost can be specified; i.e., it can deviate from [Formula: see text], and it can be frequency dependent. These features are possible because of the analytical extrapolation step. The presented method allows modeling of any kind of marine seismic source as long as the notional source signature and radiation pattern from each individual source element is known. A simple full-waveform inversion example shows that it is important to honor the source geometry in forward modeling of seismic data.
Effect of Surfactant on CO2 Adsorption of APS-Grafted Silica Gel by One-Pot Process
Authors: Lee Chang Hun , Jung Hyunchul , Jo Dong Hyun , Jeon Sunbin , Kim Sung Hyun
Published: July 2016

(3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APS)-silica gels were prepared by a one-pot process using sodium silicate as a low-cost source of silica. XRD and SEM analyses revealed that the APS-silica gels were particles with diameters of around 100–200 nm. Furthermore, the introduction of amine groups was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy and CO2 uptake measurements. The adsorption properties of the gels were improved by addition of the surfactants hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), Pluronic F127, and Pluronic P123, which acted as pore forming agents. Using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses, we confirmed that both the surface area and pore volume were improved on addition of these surfactants. The larger surface area resulted in a greater number of amine groups being exposed on the outer surface of the APS-silica gels; therefore, CO2 uptake increased as the amount of surfactant used was increased. The APS-silica gels with F127 and P123 had pores from the porous particles with 5–11 nm diameters and gaps between particles, while the APS-silica gel with CTAB only had smaller pores from gaps between silica particles. These pore distribution differences resulted from the differences in the lengths of the surfactant hydrophobic chains, and the differences in pore sizes affected the CO2 uptake rates of the APS-silica gels. By comparison of the pore and CO2 uptake properties, we confirmed that P123 was a suitable surfactant for the preparation of APS-silica gel by a one-pot process using sodium silicate as the silica source.
Restive Peace: Body Bags, Casket Flags, and the Pathologization of Dissent
Authors: Saas William O. , Hall Rachel
Published: July 2016

The U.S. news media’s heavy circulation of images of dead soldiers returning home from Vietnam in “body bags” is frequently offered as an explanation for the state of popular political disaffection with war commonly called “Vietnam Syndrome.” We argue that the rhetoric of Vietnam Syndrome misdiagnoses dissent against war as a photo-pathogenic affective disorder, a visually transmitted disease of the popular political mind. In their respective attempts to stave off the syndrome, Presidents George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush enacted visual quarantines of deceased U.S. soldiers—first in 1991 and again in 2003. Our analysis suggests that President Obama’s lifting of the ban in 2009 represented not only a more precise grasp of U.S. war history but also a cynical recognition of the limited need for popular assent in executing the war on terror.
Use of bariatric surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes: help to the practitioner
Authors: Ershova Ekaterina V. , Troshina Ekaterina A.
Published: July 2016

The use of bariatric surgery in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has its own features. In this lecture we discuss indications and contraindications for bariatric surgery, including specific, e.g. presence of type 2 diabetes. Various types of bariatric surgery and the mechanisms of their effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. We show the results of the restrictive and bypass bariatric surgery in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes, we present requirements for bariatric surgery and parameters of assessment of its effectiveness, including remission of type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery. The reasons postsurgical hypoglycemia, as well as predictors of effectiveness of bariatric surgery for the metabolic control in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Simultaneous analysis of polar and non-polar components of cell membrane phospholipids by GC-MS
Authors: Bierhanzl Václav M. , Bursová Miroslava , Ston Martin , Čabala Radomír , Seydlová Gabriela
Published: July 2016

A rapid and selective GC-MS method was optimised for the simultaneous analysis of fatty acids, phosphoethanolamine, phosphoglycerol and phosphoserine, which comprise the polar headgroups of phospholipids. Enzymatic hydrolysis was used for sample preparation to selectively release fatty acids and prevent cleavage of the phosphoester bonds of the polar headgroups. A two-step consecutive derivatisation of the fatty acids and polar headgroups was applied to enable the simultaneous analysis of the selected analytes. The method was tested on samples of cell membrane phospholipids of
Analytical method for space-fractional telegraph equation by homotopy perturbation transform method
Authors: Prakash Amit
Published: July 2016

The object of the present article is to study spacefractional telegraph equation by fractional Homotopy perturbation transform method (FHPTM). The homotopy perturbation transform method is an innovative adjustment in Laplace transform algorithm. Three test examples are presented to show the efficiency of the proposed technique.
Anti-Graffiti Properties of Polyurethane Powder Coatings
Authors: Rossi S. , Fedel M. , Deflorian F. , Feriotti A.
Published: July 2016

Graffiti in street furniture and architectural facades is an increasingly important issue. For metallic structures, anti-graffiti coatings have to guarantee excellent corrosion protection, as well as have an easy-to-remove capability. In addition, color and gloss should not be changed because of natural weathering. In this work, two anti-graffiti polyurethane powder coatings applied were studied. In particular, these layers were deposited on aluminum substrate used in architectural application. Two different surface finishes, smooth and wrinkled, were considered. The efficiency of four different removers was investigated. For this purpose graffiti were drawn on the coatings by means of blue felt-tip marker and a red acrylic spray paint. Gloss and color changes were collected. Methyl–ethyl–ketone and a remover, based on aliphatic and aromatic compounds, resulted in the most effective means, producing a limited change in the appearance. On the contrary, the wrinkled surface result was less resistant. To simulate the weathering effect, UV-B cyclic tests and the Taber abrasion test were carried out.
Effective Modulus for Crack Size Measurement With SE(T) Specimens using Unloading Compliance
Authors: Tyson W. R. , Ruggieri C. , Zhou W. , Wang E. , Wang X. , Ding P.
Published: July 2016

Low-constraint toughness tests have been increasingly used in pipeline flaw assessment. A number of protocols have been published using a test employing a clamped single-edge tension (SE(T)) specimen with the distance between the clamps H equal to ten times the specimen width W, and specimen width W equal to thickness B. For this geometry, the constraint over the bulk of the specimen varies between plane stress and plane strain. This affects the elastic compliance, commonly used to estimate crack size. It was the intent of the present work to assess the effects of constraint on the compliance and to identify the best combination of compliance equation and modulus to estimate crack size from CMOD compliance where CMOD is the crack mouth opening displacement. To do this, values of compliance from finite element analyses were provided by the authors of this paper from three separate laboratories. 2D plane strain, 3D plane-sided, and 3D side-grooved specimens were analyzed. The data were used to assess available compliance equations and to propose a new one for the specific geometry of interest in this work.
Comparative Estimates of Uncertainty in Measurements of Fracture Toughness
Authors: Paruchuru S. P. , Kumar V. U. , Jain A. , Dong X. N.
Published: July 2016

Measurement of a stress intensity factor using a compact sandwich specimen involves other material properties such as elastic moduli and Poisson’s ratios of interlayer and holder materials, and therefore it affects uncertainty. No attempt was made in the past to quantify the uncertainty due to the systematic effects involved in the measurement a of stress intensity factor (K) using a compact sandwich specimen and energy release rate (G) by the elastic compliance technique. Analysis of Type-B uncertainty gave comparative estimates of uncertainties in (1) Mode I stress intensity factor obtained from CT test, CS test, and CS test of negligible interlayer thickness (h→0), (2) Mode I energy release rate using elastic compliance (EC) technique, and (3) Indirect stress intensity factor obtained using the relation with energy release rate. Using a set of nominal values of cadaver bone tests of a specimen-size bovine femur and a set of instrument/sensor errors and specimen dimension tolerances, without the consideration of a series of experimental/statistical data, gave estimates of type B uncertainty. The analysis additionally gave percentage contributions of (1) relevant sources of uncertainty namely, caliper, tolerance of specimen dimensions, load cell and displacement sensor, and (2) individual parameters like load, specimen dimensions, and material constants included in the formulae, towards the uncertainty in fracture toughness measures. This study provided an understanding of the role of sensor, instrument, and specimen fabricating machine errors on the tests considered. Proportional variation in uncertainty of different measures of fracture toughness was verified for different sizes of specimens. This study showed that the selection of instruments/sensors of viable error levels would scale down the uncertainty of fracture toughness measures obtained by the CS test, and brought it very close to that of the CT test of the same specimen size, with a difference of less than 0.05 %.
Segregación de la ropa hospitalaria en origen usada por el paciente: revisión sistemática
Authors: Rojas Valenciano Ligia , Cubero Alpízar Consuelo , Leiva Díaz Viriam
Published: July 2016

Introducción. La segregación y procesamiento de la ropa es un asunto vital tanto para los pacientes como para el recurso humano que labora en los hospitales y centros de salud y que manipula este material. El objetivo fue evaluar la efectividad del personal de enfermería respecto de la segregación de la ropa hospitalaria en origen usada por el paciente, para la prevención de infecciones intrahospitalarias.Método. Se trata de una revisión sistemática, aplicando la metodología recomendada por la Colaboración Cochrane. Para la identificación de los estudios se realizó  búsquedas electrónicas en MEDLINE, conferencias en línea, alertas semanales de revistas en BioMed Central (e-mail), EBSCO, Clinical Key, PubMed, Journal of infection, Advance of Nursing, Excelencia.net, Journal of Hospital, Cochrane Library Plus. Después de establecer los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y análisis crítico, se seleccionaron 5 documentos que dieran respuesta a la pregunta clínica.Resultado. La segregación de la ropa debe ser realizada en origen (A-III) y recomiendan que la manipulación de la ropa sucia se debe determinar a nivel local, en consulta con el comité local de control de infecciones.Conclusión. No se pudo determinar la efectividad de la segregación de la ropa en origen realizada por el personal de enfermería en relación con la prevención de infecciones intrahospitalarias.
Engineering optimization by constrained differential evolution with nearest neighbor comparison
Authors: Anh Pham Hoang
Published: July 2016

It has been proposed to utilize nearest neighbor  comparison to reduce the number of function evaluations in unconstrained  optimization. The nearest neighbor comparison omits the function evaluation  of a point when the comparison can be judged by its nearest point in the  search population. In this paper, a constrained differential evolution (DE)  algorithm is proposed by combining the ε constrained method to  handle constraints with the nearest neighbor comparison method. The  algorithm is tested using five benchmark engineering design problems and the  results indicate that the proposed DE algorithm is able to find good results  in a much smaller number of objective function evaluations than conventional  DE and it is competitive to other state-of-the-art DE variants.
Doubts remain on reliability of concrete chemical analysis methods
Authors: Ingham Jeremy , Barnes Richard
Published: July 2016

It was reported over 2 years ago that British Standard methods for analysing hardened concrete give unreliable results. Jeremy Ingham of Mott MacDonald and Richard Barnes of The Concrete Society warn that nothing has changed – and that great care is needed until it does.
El motivo de El condenado desmembrado en un relato oral recogido en Lambayeque (Perú) / The motive of El condenado desmembrado in an oral story picked up in Lambayeque (Peru)
Authors: Portilla Miranda Diego
Published: July 2016

El estudio compara un relato recogido en Lambayeque, Perú, en 2014, con variantes europeas y andinas para proponer el motivo de El condenado desmembrado. Además, la recursividad de la confrontación entre protagonista y oponente del relato recogido permite proponer que su estructura narrativa puede explicarse a partir de la reconstitución semántica de dos cuentos tipo (Juan sin miedo y Las muchachas amable y antipática) del índice establecido por Aarne y Thompson. Por último, se plantea la organización del relato a partir del programa narrativo de intercambio y de las modalidades veridictorias.
Not Yet the Post-TV Era: Network and MVPD Adaptation to Emergent Distribution Technologies
Authors: Van Esler Mike
Published: July 2016

Television as a medium is in transition. From DVRs, to Netflix, to HBO Now, consumers have never before had such control over how they consume televisual content. The rapid changes to the medium have led to rhetoric heralding the impending “post-TV era.” Looking at the ways that legacy television companies have adapted to new technologies and cultural practices suggests that rather than traditional television going the way of radio, television as a medium is actually not terribly different, at least not enough to conclude that we have entered a new era. Press releases, discursive practices by the news media, corporate structures and investments, and audience research all point to the rhetoric of post-TV as being overblown. By thinking about contemporary television as being in transition, greater emphasis and attention can be placed on the role that major media conglomerates play in developing, funding, and legitimizing new forms of television distribution, in addition to co-opting disruptive technologies and business models while hindering others.
NOVA COSMÓPOLIS: AS FRONTEIRAS COMO OBJETOS DE CONFLITO NO MUNDO CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: Agier Michel , Demant Peter Robert
Published: July 2016

A globalização não suprimiu as fronteiras: ela as transforma, as desloca, as dissocia umas das outras. Algumas atividades econômicas, por exemplo, não têm o mesmo alcance das atividades políticas ou das comunicações. As fronteiras se multiplicam, se alargam e se tornam, assim, simultaneamente mais frágeis e incertas. O momento atual do processo de globalização nos traz duas questões referentes à possibilidade de viver em uma escala global. Por um lado, um número cada vez maior de fronteiras se transformam em muros, mais migrantes morrem em mares, desertos e montanhas ao tentar atravessar fronteiras fechadas. Por outro lado, a questão filosófica e política do cosmopolitismo volta à ordem do dia em um contexto diferente daquele do Iluminismo, mas que formula, concretamente, as mesmas perguntas. A partir de etnografias de “homens-fronteira” e “lugares-fronteira” (Borderlands), proporei pensarmos uma nova cosmópolis, considerada como um mundo em movimento que antecipa a forma banal e quotidiana do cosmopolitismo. Na esfera antropológica, trata-se de uma nova situação onde a cultura e a sociabilidade se definem em situações de fronteira que se tornam cada vez mais constantes.
PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS NO BRASIL: ANOTAÇÕES SOBRE SUA INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO
Authors: VIGEVANI Tullo , THOMAZ Laís Forti , LEITE Lucas Amaral Batista
Published: July 2016

Nosso objetivo é refletir sobre o estado da arte da área acadêmica de relações internacionais no Brasil, com foco na pós-graduação. As premissas que norteiam o trabalho são: a) houve produção de pensamento, de pesquisa e de ensino antecedente à institucionalização da área nos anos de 1980; b) a partir dos anos 2000 a área consolidou-se. O trabalho está estruturado em cinco seções, incluindo a introdução e a conclusão. A segunda seção apresenta os primeiros pensadores e pesquisadores do campo das relações internacionais no Brasil. A terceira aborda a institucionalização com base no crescimento quantitativo dos cursos de graduação, de pós-graduação e da pesquisa. A quarta analisa quantitativa e qualitativamente como se dá a consolidação da pós-graduação, além de indicar questões merecedoras de maior reflexão, como o impacto e a autonomia da área.
DA BRANQUIDADE DO ESTADO NA OCUPAÇÃO DA CIDADE
Authors: PATERNIANI Stella Zagatto
Published: July 2016

O artigo busca argumentar como a branquidade do Estado operou e opera na ocupação da cidade de São Paulo, a partir de experiências etnográficas com movimentos de luta por moradia. Por branquidade do Estado entendo os vínculos entre os diferentes tipos de racismo presentes em algumas práticas e concepções estatais, especialmente no que diz respeito à política urbana e à repressão policial. A branquidade do Estado, enquanto modo de funcionamento, vincula-se à heteroclassificação racial realizada pelo próprio Estado, atrelada à propagação do não reconhecimento das relações sociais como racializadas. Não obstante, a branquidade do Estado é constantemente desafiada e confrontada por pessoas e grupos não brancos e seus modos de ocupar as cidades, como o footing, as ocupações de prédios e os rolezinhos.
Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injections
Authors: Pena Enrique , Moroz Lee , Singh Devender
Published: July 2016

Lumbar radiculopathy is a common diagnosis for patients who present with low-back pain and leg pain, typically along a particular dermatome. This pain is commonly associated with a lumbar disc herniation. The prognosis is usually favorable, and the symptoms can resolve spontaneously over time. In patients in whom leg and back symptoms are severe, lumbar epidural (cortico)steroid injections are good options for the short to medium-term management of pain.

Currently, lumbar epidural steroid injections are performed with radiographic guidance systems and fluoroscopy. This method is preferred because of the increased accuracy in needle placement and the reduced risk of injury to nerves and vascular structures.

The procedure is performed with the following steps: (1) Following appropriate patient selection through clinical evaluation and assessment of imaging studies such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, the patient is prepared and draped after providing written informed consent. (2) The level of neural compression to be injected is identified with intermittent fluoroscopy and the use of a radiopaque marker. (3) The skin and subcutaneous tissues are anesthetized. (4) A spinal needle (Quincke or Tuohy type) is inserted after tissues are fully anesthetized. The needle is slowly advanced with the use of intermittent fluoroscopy until the target is reached. In the case of an interlaminar approach, this would be associated with a loss of syringe resistance and piercing of the ligamentum flavum. In the case of a transforaminal approach, this would be associated with the 6 o’clock position of the pedicle on the side in question. (5) Contrast material is then injected with the use of live fluoroscopy to confirm appropriate placement and exclude intravascular and intrathecal injection. (6) When adequate placement is confirmed, a solution of steroid and anesthetic is administered. The needle is then removed.

Most outcome reports after lumbar epidural steroid injections are favorable for radicular symptoms. Associated back pain may typically improve as well. Common complications include injection site pain or soreness, infections, allergy, and inadvertent dural puncture with spinal headache.
Adjustment of Soil Saturated Paste Extract Electrical Conductivity and Sodium Adsorption Ratio for Excess Gypsum Dissolution Using Equilibrium Geochemical Modeling
Authors: Callaghan Michael V. , Cey Edwin E. , Bentley Laurence R.
Published: July 2016

Core Ideas

In gypsum‐bearing soils, excess dissolution occurs in the soil saturated paste extract.

EC and SAR may be adjusted for dissolution effects using geochemical modeling.

Characterization of salinity and sodicity hazard is improved.

Soil saturated paste extract (SPE) electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) are widely used measures of soluble salts used to evaluate the salinity hazard to crop growth and the sodicity hazard to soil permeability. In gypsum‐bearing soils, sparingly soluble gypsum dissolves during preparation of the SPE as a result of soil water dilution. This produces a higher measured ECe and lower SARe than would be measured if only field‐soluble gypsum were present. As part of a soil remediation project, samples were collected from the location of a former oil and gas production facility with highly saline‐sodic, brine‐affected soils. The naturally calcareous silt loam soil with a smectitic clay fraction was previously amended with gypsum to mitigate elevated sodicity, of concern for sodic effects on soil permeability. The equilibrium geochemical modeling software program ExtractChem was used to model ECe and SARe in the absence of excess gypsum dissolution by first modeling EC and SAR at field water content and then modeling ECe and SARe at saturated paste water content while excluding gypsum from the modeled reaction. For samples with measured ECe <3 dS m−1, ECe modeled in the absence of excess gypsum dissolution was up to 52% lower than measured, and for samples with measured SARe <2, modeled SARe was up to 53% higher than measured. As remediation progressed, and ECe and SARe decreased toward target values, the magnitude of the excess gypsum effect was sufficient to affect the evaluation of remedial progress. Equilibrium geochemical modeling adjustment of ECe and SARe for gypsum dissolution that occurs as a result of SPE preparation is recommended to improve the evaluation of the progress of remediation of gypsum‐bearing, salt‐affected soil.
Authors: Buono Agus , Ramdhany Dhany Nugraha , Kustiyo Aziz , Handharyani Ekowati
Published: July 2016

Sistem urinari hewan dapat dibagi menjadi 2 bagian yaitu sistem urinari bagian atas dan sistem urinari bagian bawah. Ginjal yang merupakan bagian dari sistem urinari memiliki 2 fungsi penting, yaitu filtrasi dan reabsorpsi. Dalam mendiagnosis penyakit yang diderita hewan pada sistem urinarinya terdapat beberapa kendala. Pada penelitian ini, dikembangkan model untuk mendiagnosis gangguan sistem urinari pada anjing dan kucing dengan menggunakan algoritma VFI 5 berdasarkan gejala klinis (terdapat 37 feature) dan pemeriksaan laboratorium (39 feature). Percobaan dilakukan baik pada feature gejala klinis dan juga pada feature pemeriksaan laboratorium. Hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa akurasi rata-rata sebesar 77,38% untuk percobaan dengan feature gejala klinis, dan 86,31% untuk percobaan dengan feature pemeriksaan laboratorium. Peningkatan ini mengindikasikan bahwa dalam mendiagnosis penyakit dalam sistem urinari, pemeriksaan laboratorium masih sangat dibutuhkan dalam menentukan hasil diagnosis suatu penyakit.
Authors: Asmara Rosa A. , Rahmad Cahya , Handayani Anik N.
Published: July 2016

Penelitian ini menyajikan penggunaan metode Phase Only Correlation (POC) pada motion estimation dengan teknik full search menggunakan Graphical Processing Unit (GPU). Dengan fungsi POC, seseorang dapat melakukan estimasi translasi motion antara dua blok citra referensi dan citra yang diproses. Full Search berbasis POC adalah algoritma yang membutuhkan waktu proses lama. Hal ini menyebabkan sistem yang dicoba pada penelitian ini memproses fungsi POC pada Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) yang memiliki kelebihan dalam menyelesaikan perhitungan bilangan floating point dibandingkan CPU. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menghitung kecepatan waktu proses menggunakan GPU pada video resolusi tinggi dengan resolusi hingga 1280x720 pixel. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diselesaikan menggunakan GPU memiliki percepatan hingga hampir dua kali lipat pada ukuran blok POC 256 x 256 daripada menggunakan CPU.

This research presents a method using Phase Only Correlation (POC) on the motion estimation with full search technique using the Graphical Processing Unit (GPU). With POC function, someone can estimate the translational motion between two blocks of the reference image and the processed image. POC based Full Search is an algorithm that takes long time process. This leads the system that is used in this research to process the POC function on Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) which has advantages in solving the floating point calculations than the CPU. Evaluation is conducted by calculating the speed of processing time using a GPU on a high-resolution video with resolutions up to 1280x720 pixels. The test results show that the method that is solved using GPU has an acceleration up to nearly twice the size of the POC block 256 x 256 instead of using the CPU.
Authors: Ramadhan Arief , Fajar Muhammad , Suryana M. Eka , Zaman Big
Published: July 2016

Sistem Pengaturan Lampu Lalu Lintas Terdistribusi adalah sebuah sistem lampu lalu lintas yang ditujukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan akan kinerja pengaturan lampu lalu lintas yang cerdas dengan pengambilan data secara real-time. Sistem ini dapat melakukan penjadwalan dan pengaturan jaringan banyakpersimpangan secarareal-time yang tidak bisa dilakukan oleh sistem pengaturan lampu lalu lintas konvensional. Penerapan klasifikasi di dalam sistem ini digunakan untuk meningkatkan akurasi dari pengenalan mobil. Proses klasifikasi diimplementasikan menggunakan tiga algoritma Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan, yakni Backpropagation, FLVQ, dan FLVQ-PSO. Berdasarkan hasil ujicoba, dapat ditunjukkan bahwa algoritma Backpropagationmemiliki performa akurasi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dua algoritma JST yang lainnya.

Distributed Traffic Light Control System is a traffic light system intended to meet the need for setting the performance of intelligent traffic lights with real-time data capturing. The system can perform scheduling and network settings of multi-junction in real time that can not be done by a conventional traffic light settings system. Application of classification within this system is used to improve the accuracy of the car recognition. Classification process is implemented using three neural network algorithms, namely Backpropagation, FLVQ, and FLVQ-PSO. Based on the test results, it can be shown that the Backpropagation algorithm performs better accuracy than the other two algorithms.
Authors: Ramadhan Arief , Hafidh Abdullah , Suryana M. Eka , Fajar Muhammad
Published: July 2016

Putusnya jaringan komunikasi sebagai dampak suatu bencana merupakan permasalahan yang perlu cepat diatasi agar tidak menimbulkan kerugian yang lebih besar. Komunikasi antara lokasi bencana dengan dunia luar menjadi sangat penting dalam menentukan tindakan yang tepat untuk meminimalisasi kerugian akibat bencana. Kajian penggunaan mobile robot otonom untuk menghubungkan menara-menara komunikasi yang terputus dapat menjadi solusi alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis mengkaji beberapa algoritma perluasan jaringan dalam bentuk simulasi menggunakan Library Open Dynamic Engine. Library Open Dynamic Engine merupakan library yang telah menggunakan perhitungan fisika secara efisien dan teruji sehingga dapat mendekati keadaan dunia sebenarnya. Simulasi ini bertujuan untuk mendemontrasikan serta membandingkan bahwa algoritma ini dapat dikembangkan untuk menghubungkan menara komunikasi.

The disconnection in communication networks as the impact of a disaster is a problem that needs to be addressed quickly in order to avoid greater losses. Communication between the disaster site with the outside world becomes very important in determining the appropriate action to minimize losses due to disasters. Study the use of autonomous mobile robots for connecting communication towers that was disconnected can be alternative solutions to address these issues. In this study, the authors examine some of the network expansion algorithm in the form of a simulation using Open Dynamics Engine library. Library of Open Dynamic Engine is a library that has used physics calculations in an efficient and tested so can approach the state of the real world. This simulation aims to demonstrate and compare that this algorithm can be developed to connect the communication towers.