bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Enriched Phase-Field Method (XPFM) for the Efficient Simulation of Fracture Processes
Authors: Curosu Verena , Kruger Christian , Loehnert Stefan
Published: June 2024

Complex crack processes like crack initiation, branching, and coalescence can be simulated with the phase-field method for fracture. Here, the criterion for crack propagation is considered within the formulation of the partial differential equation. Its solution, the scalar phase-field, indicates the crack in a smeared manner. This makes the evaluation of a separate criterion for crack propagation and the tracking of the crack geometry obsolete. A challenge for the phase-field method for fracture, however, is the accurate and efficient reproduction of the phase-field, the displacement field, and their gradients. For this, the use of extremely fine meshes is often required within the standard phase-field method. In this contribution, an enhancement of the phase-field method through the adjustment of the ansatz functions is presented. A transformation of the phase-field ansatz by embedding a quadratic ansatz into an exponential function is utilised to improve the approximation of the phase-field even with coarse meshes. The crack is not additionally restricted by the ansatz and can still develop independently of the mesh geometry. Furthermore, the displacement ansatz is extended by a term with adjusted shape-functions carrying information about the crack geometry from the phase-field. It can reproduce the high displacement gradients across the crack. The modified shape-functions are calculated for each enriched element on a submesh by considering the local reduction of stiffness due to the phase-field. Since these shape-functions are directly coupled to the phase-field ansatz, no additional discretisation of the crack geometry is required.
Estimate end bearing resistance of a circular foundation using small strain and large deformation finite element modelling
Authors: Zhou Shujin , Zhang Wangcheng , Osman Ashraf
Published: June 2024

Accurately predicting the end bearing resistance of the foundation is important for its design and application. This research compares the results of a circular foundation end bearing resistance in uniform clay from small strain finite-element (SSFE) analysis and large-deformation finite-element (LDFE) analysis, with focus on the effect of soil stiffness. Results show that the soil stiffness has little influence on the bearing capacity of a shallow foundation with a shallow failure mechanism; for a deeply buried foundation, however, a deep flow mechanism is developed, and the failure zone is influenced by the soil stiffness. It is found that, for a shallow foundation, artificially increasing the soil stiffness in SSFE analysis allows for obtaining the end bearing capacity at a smaller displacement without sacrificing accuracy; while employing increased soil stiffness for deeply buried foundations may lead to inaccurate results. For penetrating problems, e.g., pile installation and CPT (cone penetration test), SSFE analysis may underestimate the end bearing resistance factor without considering the installation effect.
Bayesian optimisation technique with a Gaussian process as the surrogate model for structural problems with random imperfections
Authors: Liu Tianyi , Clark Fehmi
Published: June 2024

Optimisation of linear structures is a well-developed and highly relevant research field. In particular, for linear problems with differentiable objective functions, gradient-based methods are well suited. In engineering practice, structural nonlinear behaviour and imperfections different from ideal design often need to be considered. Optimised lightweight structures, such as long-span bridges and stadium roofs, are more sensitive to sudden failure through buckling. Imperfections or perturbations in geometry and loading can drastically reduce the buckling load of a structure compared to that of a perfect structure. It is, however, computationally expensive to analyse structural problems with nonlinearities and imperfections and to compute the derivatives of the respective objective functions, rendering gradient-based methods unsuitable. In the present work, we use a Bayesian optimisation technique with a Gaussian process as the surrogate model for the described structural problems with random imperfections. Bayesian optimisation is exceptionally well suited for expensive black-box objective functions with no analytical expressions. To rapidly determine the random buckling loads, we consider an extended system of equilibrium equations for directly computing the buckling loads, i.e. bifurcation and snap-through points on the load-displacement path. This approach is exceedingly efficient for repeatedly computing buckling loads for different imperfections. We use the complex-step derivative approximation to determine the required directional derivatives of matrices. A low discrepancy sequence, Sobol sequence, is adopted for sampling from imperfections
An analysis of stress and strain state of notched solid beams undergoing static loading
Authors: White Michael , Sotoudeh Kasra , Gintalas Marius , Djordjevic Nenad
Published: June 2024

Fracture testing is a common testing method for the assessment of mechanism of fracture. Single edged notched bending (SENB), single edged notched tension (SENT), or compact tension (CT) specimens are often utilised to analyse stress/strain state and for fracture analysis [1], [2]. However, when SENB and SENT specimens are not appropriate for the strain field required, a variety of notch geometries are used. Different notch geometries can create a variety of different strain fields, for example the use of V-notches to represent the stress/strain state in weld defects or the use of U notches to simulate geometrical change, both creating different levels of stress concentration [3]. This variety of strain fields, created around different stress raiser geometries, requires an investigation into different stress raiser geometries and their effects on strain field. The Ramberg-Osgood model is used on a variety of different notch geometries, to assess the stress/strain state created and the effects of altering notch geometry to inform their use for stress/strain analysis. The stress and strain field will be assessed through use of J-integral, stress intensity factor, stress concentration factor and T-stress, obtained numerically by using FEM solver Abaqus.
Accounting for Particle Morphology in CFD-DEM Modelling
Authors: Maramizonouz Sadaf , Nadimi Sadegh
Published: June 2024

In this study, the drag force acting on real irregular particles with various morphologies belonging to the four shape categories of the Zingg chart is estimated using the empirical models proposed in literature and the results are compared to the drag force obtained through computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Then, the chosen drag models are utilised to numerically simulate the flow of irregular particles through air along a cylindrical pipe, their exit at the nozzle, and their entrainment at a certain spot. The dynamics of the particulate material is simulated using discrete element method (DEM) modelling that is one-way coupled to CFD simulations via the drag force exerted on the particles. It is observed that particle morphology significantly influences the particle flow dynamics.
Computational Multi-scale Modelling and Inverse Design of Flexoelectric Metamaterials
Authors: Zhuang Xiaoying , Hu Han , Nanthakumar S
Published: June 2024

In this work, we present machine learning-assisted flexoelectric materials characterization and apply topological optimization for flexoelectric structures across atomistic to continuum scales. New formulations for nonlinear topological optimization of flexoelectric structures, accounting for nonlocal stress and large deformation processes, will be presented. A robust machine-learning interatomic potentials-based tool is developed for designing advanced energy harvesters in micro scale and interesting phenomena of optimized structures in macro scale will be presented.
Hydromechanical Modeling of CO2 Injection in Deformable Porous Media
Authors: Esfahani F. , Alfano G. , Bahai H
Published: June 2024

Storing CO2 in deep saline aquifers is a key strategy for carbon capture and storage, an essential technology in the global effort to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Several mathematical and computational models have been proposed to simulate CO2 storage in geological formations [1-3]. These models aim to comprehensively capture the intricate interactions between fluids, gases, and geological media. In this study, we propose a novel quadrilateral finite element designed to simulate the flow of CO2 and water in an isothermal deformable porous medium. This element has been developed in user element subroutine (UEL) of Abaqus. The balance equations include momentum balance, as well as the mass balance of CO2 and water as outlined in prior research [2]. The proposed element is used to simulate certain tests, and preliminary results are presented.
A Comparative Study of Electric and ICE Vehicle Suspension System for Vehicle-Bridge Interaction Dynamics
Authors: Kasle Kaustubh , Krishnapillai Shankar , Rao BN
Published: June 2024

The suspension system plays a crucial role in vehicle dynamics, impacting ride comfort and safety. As electric vehicles (EVs) gain prominence as the future of transportation, understanding their unique dynamic behaviour becomes essential since they differ in mass and weight distribution from a similar conventional petrol-powered vehicle. The study is based on vehicle-bridge interaction dynamics where a vehicle while traversing on a bridge, induces structural vibrations that subsequently propagate feedback responses to the vehicle. A system of half car model (HCM) passing over a bridge is mathematically modelled and dynamics for both the vehicles is analysed, and the ride parameters are compared against each other. The HCM of the EV has 4 degrees of freedom (DOF), while the ICE vehicle has 5 DOF due to the consideration of on-board loads specific to internal combustion engine vehicles which induces high-frequency vibrations in the vehicle. The bridge is modelled as a simply supported Euler-Bernoulli beam and modal analysis is carried out to simplify the system. Additionally, road disturbances are taken into account which are caused by a standard speed breaker followed by class C road roughness adhering to international standards. The system of coupled equation is solved using MATLAB Simulink by applying the Runge Kutta numerical method.
Numerical simulation of in-situ free fall cone penetrometer tests using the material point method
Authors: Mohapatra Debasis , Mohammadi Saeideh , Saaresma Maarit , Virtasalo Joonas , Sołowski Wojciech
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a numerical framework to simulate in-situ free fall cone penetration tests conducted on soft and sensitive marine clay. First, the free fall cone penetration tests are carried out at an offshore site in the northern part of the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea. The numerical simulation employs the Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method to replicate the process of indentation of the cone penetrometer into the clay. The clay is modelled using an advanced constitutive model that considers the effect of strain rate and strain softening associated with the dynamic penetration process. The simulation uses a friction contact model to represent the interface between the cone penetrometer and the clay. The numerical simulation accurately replicates the penetration process associated with the tests.
Bicentenario de la independencia de México (1821-2021): Aspectos químicos del tiempo mexica-hispánico, de la etapa virreinal y del inicio nacional
Authors: Pastor Villegas José , Pastor Valle Jesús Francisco
Published: June 2024

Comentamos aspectos relativos a la Química del tiempo mexica-hispánico (1519-1535), del virreinato (1535-1821), y de México inicial (1821-1850). La Química floreció simultáneamente en las instituciones interrelacionadas Real Jardín Botánico y Real Seminario de Minería, fundadas en la capital virreinal en 1788 y 1792, respectivamente; Alexander von Humboltd difundió tal florecimiento en el siglo xix . En los inicios de México, la historia del descubrimiento del eritronio, actual vanadio (vanadium, V) por el hispano-mexicano Andrés Manuel del Río y Fernández continuó, se construyeron ferrerías y hubo cátedra de Química en la Escuela de Medicina (1845) en las carreras de Medicina-Cirugía y Farmacia.
Síntesis de éteres cíclicos naturales
Authors: Betancort Juan M. , Carrillo Romen , Díaz Díaz David , García Celina , Martín Tomás , Padrón Juan I. , Padrón José M. , Ramírez Miguel Á. , Martín Víctor S.
Published: June 2024

Se presenta un resumen de algunos métodos utilizados en la síntesis de productos naturales bioactivos de origen marino. El artículo se estructura acorde al orden en que son introducidos los enlaces más importantes en los heterociclos oxigenados. Se discute asimismo la similitud de algunos métodos sintéticos utilizados con los usados por los organismos vivos productores.
Dos destacados centros de investigación de la Universidad de Oviedo en la primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Tascón Juan M. D.
Published: June 2024

Los Institutos del Carbón y de Química Aplicada de la Universidad de Oviedo fueron dos centros de investigación creados respectivamente en 1927 y 1932, siendo el segundo una ampliación del primero. Este artículo pretende poner de relieve el destacado nivel científico alcanzado por ambos centros, cuyos investigadores publicaron con frecuencia en medios internacionales. La variedad de trabajos realizados en el campo del carbón hace que pueda hablarse de la existencia de una actividad integral en torno a este combustible fósil, siendo especialmente destacados los resultados obtenidos en la hidrogenación del carbón en dispersión coloidal. Por otra parte, se llevaron a cabo estudios teóricos sobre la estructura de compuestos inorgánicos y experimentales sobre el desarrollo de métodos de análisis volumétrico con indicación potenciométrica del punto final, aprovechando la exaltación de las propiedades redox de determinados reactivos en medio alcalino. Las instalaciones del centro se vieron severamente afectadas en Octubre de 1934 y especialmente durante la Guerra Civil Española. Si bien en 1943 el centro se integró en el Patronato “Juan de la Cierva” del CSIC, no logró sobrevivir, desapareciendo su actividad a mediados de los años 40 del pasado siglo.
Research on the Reform and Path Optimization of Ideological and Political Education in Engineering Management Majors Based on OBE Concept
Authors: Hu Dianxiong , Yi Jihong
Published: June 2024

In 2018, the Ministry of Education proposed the integration of ideological and political education into majors and courses at the undergraduate level. Major universities are constantly exploring relevant practices. In early 2021, Jiangxi Province proposed the second round of evaluation for undergraduate majors, which also put forward relevant requirements for ideological and political education in its evaluation indicators. Based on the OBE concept, this article analyzes the characteristics of the engineering management major and the current situation of ideological and political education in the curriculum. Based on the requirements of professional evaluation, specific requirements and practices for ideological and political education in the engineering management major of Nanchang Business School, Jiangxi Agricultural University are proposed to meet the requirements of ideological and political education by the Ministry of Education, achieve student-centered educational goals, and thus achieve the goal of integrating ideological and political education into the engineering management major.
新时代劳动教育深度融入时代新人培育的实践进路
Authors: Wang Leifeng , Song Nannan
Published: June 2024

以马克思主义劳动观、中华优秀传统劳动教育思想和中国特色社会主义劳动教育思想为理论根基的新时代劳动教育已成为高校教育中的重要部分。新时代，劳动教育被赋予新的内涵与价值，从实践、精神、价值、品德等四维度分析为何把劳动教育融入时代新人培育，并认为需要把握“知与行”“新与旧”“质与量”“显与隐”的关系，从而增强其劳动观念，提升其劳动素养，涵养其劳动精神，提高其劳动技能，使其成为德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。
编写和习用“高大上”中学校本教材刍议
Authors: Zeng Tie
Published: June 2024

中学校本教材是对国家、地方教材的补充和中学教育襄理。校本教材属学生习得常识、文化、真理与掌握技能的读物与高级教练，它是学生全面发展的基石与抓手。校本教材应全方位合规且资讯精准，整体要有美感并蕴含理性和人文、科学精神。校本教材质量关乎学生学业进步与终身发展，它当具先进性、启思性、养成性、增值性；内容与学生学习、发展实需衔接度大和文字顺畅简洁乃教材本底。文以载道并助学生健康成长，教材当落小落细；编教材者要认真工作。
Can Multimodal Analgesia Reduce Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Patients Undergoing Shoulder Arthroscopy? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Fang Liming , Yu Mingkun , Tang Zhifeng
Published: June 2024

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate whether multimodal analgesia can decrease postoperative opioid usage in patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy.
METHODS: Patients diagnosed with subacromial impingement syndrome who underwent acromioplasty at our institution between October 2022 and November 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into an observation group and a control group based on postoperative pain management methods. The control group received intravenous self-controlled electronic analgesia (sufentanil injection 1 μg/kg + butorphanol injection 4 mg + 0.9% NaCl injection to 100 mL), while the observation group received multimodal analgesia (ropivacaine subacromial pump 3 mL/h, combined with oral celecoxib and acetaminophen). Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores were recorded preoperatively and at various postoperative time points, and opioid usage, length of hospital stay, and analgesia-related complications within 1 week postoperatively were compared between groups. The 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores and the Constant–Murley score (CMS), were also assessed 1 day and 1 week after treatment.
RESULTS: One hundred thirty-two patients were included in the study, 66 in the observation group and 66 in the control group. In the control group, there were 46 males and 20 females, with a mean age of 55.47 ± 11.42 years and in the observation group 44 males and 22 females, with a mean age of 56.13 ± 12.19 years The observation group consistently reported significantly lower pain intensity compared to the control group at 8 h (T1), 24 (T2), and 48 h (T3) after surgery (p < 0.05). Additionally, the observation group exhibited significantly lower opioid usage and complication rates compared to the control group (p < 0.05). SF-36 scores and CMS scores were significantly higher in the observation group 1 week after treatment compared to the control group (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Following shoulder arthroscopy, multimodal analgesia effectively reduces opioid consumption, lowers complication rates, and provides effective short-term pain relief. This approach carries significant implications for improving patient outcomes.
What drives students to become entrepreneurs? Findings from a survey of economics education students
Authors: Hasan Amiruddin , Jaya Alfi Syahril Fuadi , Ruaida  , Dewi Nini Riska
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine the level of entrepreneurial desire and factors that encourage entrepreneurial desire in Economic Education students of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Syiah Kuala University. This research was conducted using quantitative methods with descriptive research type. The population in this study were students of class 2015-2016, as many as 110 students. The number of samples in this study was 52 students taken with a random sampling technique. The analytical technique used to measure the level of desire is Ajzen's theory, while the factors that drive the desire for entrepreneurship are analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the research analysis results, the desire for entrepreneurship in Economic Education students belongs to moderate desire. The dominant factor that drives the desire for entrepreneurship is internal factors, with the most dominant indicator driving the desire for entrepreneurship being an indicator of the need for achievement. In general, internal factors and external factors have a significant influence on students' entrepreneurial desires.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Anti Hipertensi Pasien Di Puskesmas Bangkuang Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Kamelia citra Mia , Kurniawati Darini , Fajriannor TM M.
Published: June 2024

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis sillent killer yang menyebabkan kematian hingga 427.218 jiwa di Indonesia. Ketidakpatuhan terhadap terapi merupakan salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan peningkatan prevalensi penderita hipertensi. Oleh karena itu, tingkat pengetahuan terhadap obat antihipertensi menjadi faktor utama yang mempengaruhi perilaku kepatuhan penderita hipertensi, sehingga tingkat pengetahuan akan menunjang keberhasil terapi dengan antihipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan obat antihipertensi dengan kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Bangkuang. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode observasional analitik melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah acidental sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan kuesioner kepatuhan hill-bone. Penelitian dilakukan di Puskesmas Bangkuang, Kalimantan Tengah dalam waktu satu bulan yaitu mulai dari 22 Mei– 22 Juni 2023. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kategori baik 69,52% dan kurang baik 30,48%. Berdasarkan kepatuhan, rseponden dengan kategori patuh 54,29% dan tidak patuh 45,71%. Hasil uji spearman rho menunjukkan nilai signifkansi 0,000 (p value 0,000 < 0,05) yang dimaknai bahwa adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pasien.  Disimpulkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan obat antihipertensi dan kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Bangkuang
Parental Involvement in Learners’ Education: Significance, Benefits, and Barriers
Authors: Ablasa Lemar
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the extent of parental involvement in the educational process within Christian schools in the Philippines. Employing a descriptive survey design, data was gathered from 80 participating parents. The results indicate that parents are actively engaged in their child's education, participating, on average, once a week. Notably, a substantial level of parental involvement was identified, perceived as advantageous for the learners, notwithstanding the challenges faced by parents. The findings underscore the importance of parental contribution in fostering a positive educational environment in Christian schools in the Philippines.
The Mediating Effect of Leader Resilience Profile on the Relationship Between Ethical Climate and Leadership Competence of School Heads: An Explanatory Sequential Design
Authors: Casumpo Walter , Solomon Jo-Ann
Published: June 2024

The leadership competence of school heads is among the essential elements that determine the success and effectiveness of schools. The research design chosen for the study was the explanatory sequential design utilizing a survey questionnaire, IDI, and FGD as the mode of gathering data. It aimed to determine the mediating effect of leader resilience profile on the relationship between ethical climate and leadership competence of school heads, in the Division of Davao Oriental. The participants were the teachers from the public elementary and secondary schools in the Division of Davao Oriental, Philippines. The participants in the study were long-term educators with over three years of experience who willingly took part in both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the research, including in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The research employed various statistical methods, such as mean, standard deviation, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, multiple regression, and the Sobel test. The quantitative phase results revealed a very high status in ethical climate, leader resilience profile, and leadership competence of school heads. Data also showed a significant relationship between the ethical climate and leadership competence, leader resilience profile and leadership competence, and ethical climate and leader resilience profile. The mediating effect of the leader resilience profile between the relationship of school heads' ethical climate and leadership competence showed a partial but significant mediation. On the other hand, the participants' standpoints on the salient findings of the study identified four themes with the corresponding nature of data integration: holistic ethical leadership, morally aligned persevering leadership, enduring adaptive leadership and adaptability, and ethical leadership interplay are all connecting-validating nature of integration.
Performance of the Barangay Officials during the Pandemic
Authors: Ibañez Eljohn , Cornelia Mick Ian , Bacang Angela Gabrielle
Published: June 2024

This study applied the descriptive-correlation research design to assess the performance of barangay officials in terms of their delivery of devolved basic services and facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study’s respondents were the 108 barangay officials and the 360 constituents of a certain municipality in Negros Oriental, Philippines. In this study, the barangay officials’ performance was correlated with the problems they encountered while performing their duties. The data revealed the following: (1) Health and Medical Services and Environmental Management System and Services: the barangay officials’ performance is “very satisfactory” as perceived by both the constituents and the barangay officials themselves; (2) Public Works and Services and Agricultural Support Services: the barangay officials’ performance is “very satisfactory” as perceived by the barangay officials themselves and “satisfactory” as perceived by the constituents; (3) Social Welfare Services: the barangay officials’ performance is “very satisfactory” as perceived by both the barangay officials and constituents; (4) Agricultural Support Services: the barangay officials’ performance is “very satisfactory” as perceived by the barangay officials themselves and “satisfactory” as perceived by the constituents; and (5) Environmental Management System and Services: the barangay officials’ performance is “very satisfactory” as perceived by both respondents. The findings further revealed that there is a significant, inverse, and moderate to strong relationship between the problems encountered by the barangay officials and their performance in delivering the five devolved basic services during the pandemic.
Conformity of Female College Students on Feminine Norms
Authors: Vibal Jenny Grace , Derit Karylle Ann , Bobadilla Kathleen Ryan , Palco Ronalou , Tucio Ruel
Published: June 2024

Gender norms persist and continue to draw generalized expectations of the sexes. Consequently, women must fulfill these expectations to be regarded and valued. The current research was designed to examine the links between women and conformity to the present feminine norms and determine the magnitude of their conformity when grouped according to college department, religion, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status. Female college student respondents (356) completed the CFNI-45 scale, which measures their conformity to the nine sub-facets of feminine norms. As hypothesized, women's conformity is influenced by their accorded groups. Z-scores and ANOVA were used to determine the conformity level of female colleges and the difference in conformity between groups. The study revealed that female college students are average in conformity to sub-facets of thinness, investment in appearance, modesty, relational, involvement with children, sweet and nice, and sexual fidelity. In between average and above average to domestic norms and above-average conformity to romantic relationship norms. Religion, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status are linked to conformity to feminine norms. Results may contribute significant literature to understand women's conformity and the weight of gender norms.
EL COMPLIANCE —MARCOS ÉTICOS— EN LAS EMPRESAS DEL SECTOR MARÍTIMO
Authors: Sánchez-Tarazaga y Marcelino Jorge
Published: June 2024

La presente obra es fruto de la celebración del VIII Congreso Internacional de Transporte: el transporte ante el desarrollo tecnológico y la globalización, que tuvo lugar en Benicàssim (Castellón) los días 28, 29 y 30 de septiembre de 2022, organizado por el Instituto Universitario de Derecho del Transporte de la Universitat Jaume I de Castellón (IDT). Recoge más de cuarenta trabajos, entre ponencias y comunicaciones, que se ocupan de distintas cuestiones de actualidad relacionadas con el sector del transporte en todos sus modos (terrestre, marítimo y aéreo), desde una perspectiva tanto de Derecho privado como de Derecho público. El Instituto Universitario de Derecho del Transporte (www.idt.uji.es) es un centro dedicado a la investigación, la consultoría y la formación en el ámbito del Derecho del Transporte. De entre sus actividades destacan la impartición de un Máster en Derecho del Transporte, en versión on-line, la organización de congresos y seminarios, la coedición de una colección de monografías, o la dotación de un premio de investigación sobre la materia.
NOTAS SOBRE EL EJERCICIO DEL DERECHO DE HUELGA EN EL ÁMBITO AEROPORTUARIO
Authors: Elorza Guerrero Fernando
Published: June 2024

La presente obra es fruto de la celebración del VIII Congreso Internacional de Transporte: el transporte ante el desarrollo tecnológico y la globalización, que tuvo lugar en Benicàssim (Castellón) los días 28, 29 y 30 de septiembre de 2022, organizado por el Instituto Universitario de Derecho del Transporte de la Universitat Jaume I de Castellón (IDT). Recoge más de cuarenta trabajos, entre ponencias y comunicaciones, que se ocupan de distintas cuestiones de actualidad relacionadas con el sector del transporte en todos sus modos (terrestre, marítimo y aéreo), desde una perspectiva tanto de Derecho privado como de Derecho público. El Instituto Universitario de Derecho del Transporte (www.idt.uji.es) es un centro dedicado a la investigación, la consultoría y la formación en el ámbito del Derecho del Transporte. De entre sus actividades destacan la impartición de un Máster en Derecho del Transporte, en versión on-line, la organización de congresos y seminarios, la coedición de una colección de monografías, o la dotación de un premio de investigación sobre la materia.
MILLIY TA’LIM VA KASB-HUNAR ISLOHOTLARINING YOSHLAR BILIMI VA DUNYOQARASHINI YUKSALTIRISHDAGI O‘RNI VA AHAMIYATI
Authors: Xushnudjon URINOV
Published: June 2024

Bugungi kunda mamlakatimizda ta’lim va kasb-hunarga doir islohotlar keng ko’lamda olib borilmoqda. Maqolada milliy ta’lim va kasb-hunar islohotlarining yoshlar bilimi va dunyoqarashini yuksaltirishdagi o‘rni va ahamiyatiga doir fikr-mulohazalar ilgari surilgan va ijtimoiy-falsafiy tahlil qilingan.
TA’LIM MUASSASALARIDA RAHBAR, PEDAGOG VA O‘QITUVCHI O‘RTASIDA TARBIYAVIY, TA’LIMIY VA PSIXOLOGIK MUHITNI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING USTUVOR YO‘NALISHLARI
Authors: Nilufar FAYZULLOEVA
Published: June 2024

Maqola bolalarda ma'lum shaxsiy fazilatlar va xulq-atvor ko'nikmalarini rivojlantirish maqsadida o'quvchilarni ijtimoiy yo’naltirish bo'yicha maktab ishlari tizimiga bag'ishlangan. Maqolada bolalarning muvaffaqiyatli ijtimoiylashuviga va ularning jamiyatga integratsiyalashuviga hissa qo'shadigan maktab voqealariga misollar keltirilgan.
BIOLOGIYA TA’LIMINI KOMPETENSIYAVIY YONDASHUV ASOSIDA TASHKIL ETISHNING DIDAKTIK TA’MINOTINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Authors: Sayyora HAYTBAYEVA
Published: June 2024

Imlakatimizda ta’lim tizimini zamonaviy rivojlanish tendensiyalariga moslashtirish, ta’lim jarayonlariga innovatsion o‘qitish texnologiyalarini joriy etish bo‘yicha keng ko‘lamli islohatlar amalga oshirilmoqda. Umumiy o‘rta ta’lim fanlarini o‘qitishning uzluksizligi va izchilligini ta’minlash, zamonaviy o‘qitish metodologiyasini ishlab chiqish, umumta’lim fanlarini o‘qitishni kompetensiyaviy yondashuv asosida takomillashtirish hamda o‘quvchilarning kompetenlik darajasini rivojlantirish masalalari davlat siyosati darajasiga ko‘tarildi. Kompetensiyaviy yondashuvga asoslangan ta’lim o’quvchilarni o’zlashtirilgan axborotlarni o’quv va hayotiy faoliyat turlarining standart va nostandart vaziyatlarida qo’llay olishga tayyorlashi bilan harakterlanadi. Ushbu maqolada umumta’lim maktablari biologiya ta’limi kompetensiyaviy yondashuvlar asosida tashkil etish hamda didaktik ta’minotini takomillashtirish masalalari yoritilgan.
actic support.
Quantile regression model on how logical and rewarding is learning mathematics in the new normal
Authors: Casinillo Leomarich
Published: June 2024

Learning mathematics through distance education can be challenging, with the “logical” and “rewarding” nature proving difficult to measure. This article aimed to articulate an argument explaining the “logical” and “rewarding” nature of online mathematics learning, elucidating their causal factors. Existing data from the literature that involving students at Visayas State University, Philippines, were utilized in this study. The study used statistical measures to capture descriptions from the data, and quantile regression analysis was employed to forecast the predictors of the logicality and rewarding nature of learning mathematics at a distance. Results indicate that learning mathematics in the new normal is perceived as “logical” and moderately “rewarding”. The regression and correlation analyses revealed a significant positive association between the perceived “logical” nature and the rewarding experience of learning mathematics. The constructed statistical models depicted that the determinants of logicality in learning mathematics include family income, money spent on the internet, learning environment, household size, social status, and health. Moreover, causal factors such as family income, money spent on the internet, learning environment, leisure activities, social status, and health significantly determine the rewarding nature of learning mathematics online. Conclusively, institution must support college students with their online learning needs. Furthermore, mathematics instructors should create lively and exciting online discussions that boost their logical thinking. Providing problem-solving task that are intrinsically rewarding can contribute to a more fulfilling learning experience.
Problem-solving difficulties, performance, and differences among preservice teachers in Western Philippines University
Authors: Pentang Jupeth , Andrade Louina Joana , Golben Jocelyn , Talua Jonalyn , Bautista Ronalyn , Sercenia Janina , Permatasari Dian , Bucad Manuel Jr , Viernes Mark Donnel
Published: June 2024

The ability to solve problems is a prerequisite in preparing mathematics preservice teachers. This study assessed preservice teachers’ problem-solving difficulties and performance, particularly in worded problems on number sense, measurement, geometry, algebra, and probability. Also, academic profile differences in the preservice teacher’s problem-solving performance and common errors were determined. A descriptive-comparative research design was employed with 158 random respondents. Data were gathered face-to-face during the first semester of the school year 2022-2023, and data were analyzed with the aid of jamovi software, ensuring ethical measures. Overall findings revealed that the preservice teachers experienced average difficulty in solving problems. The low performance of the preservice teachers on the given problems was also demonstrated. Further analysis revealed a significant difference between the preservice teachers’ problem-solving performance based on their subject preference and program. Moreover, the error analysis revealed that the preservice teachers incurred comprehension errors in misrepresentation, misinterpretation, and miscalculation. These results will serve as a measure for policymakers and curriculum developers of the teacher education institution concerned to make relevant enhancements to the math courses offered in the elementary and secondary education programs.
Investigating diagnostic, Prognostic, and therapeutic role of Long Non-Coding RNA MALAT1 in Breast Carcinoma: in silico study
Authors: Shuja Arslan , Shahbaz Muhammad Nasir , Sharif Sumaira , Ikram Aqsa , Shuja Mamoona , Shuja Naveed
Published: June 2024

Background: Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a nuclear-enriched long non-coding RNA, implicated in the tumorigenesis of various cancers, including breast carcinoma (BC). It is associated with cancer proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis, and plays a role in immune system modulation.
Aims and Objectives: This in silico study investigates MALAT1's diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential in BC. It examines MALAT1's differential expression in Breast Cancer (BC) versus normal tissues, its impact on patient survival, and its interaction with miR-561 affecting TOP2A mRNA degradation.
Methodology: Using publicly available datasets from GEO and TCGA, we conducted differential expression, survival, and prognostic analyses, along with network and pathway studies and drug repurposing analyzes and Tools like Graph Pad Prism and GEPIA data set was used for demographics.
Results: Our analyzes indicate overexpression of MALAT1 in BC tissues, its correlation with poorer survival rates, and involvement in key oncogenic pathways. Additionally, drug repurposing analyzes have identified potential MALAT1-targeted therapeutic strategies.
Conclusion: MALAT1 serves as a significant biomarker for BC diagnosis and prognosis and is identified as a potential therapeutic target. This study lays the groundwork for future research into MALAT1-targeted therapies in BC
The Impact of High BMI on Cholesterol Levels and Type-2 Diabetes Control. A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Haq Zainab , Zaidi Syed Usama Shayan , Shahid Muhammad Nauman , Waseem Ali Bin , Tahir Ibrahim , Munir Maria , Butt Tahreem Waheed , khan Ihsan Ullah , Javaid Saad
Published: June 2024

Background: Higher levels of BMI have closed relationship with hypercholesterolemia and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the population with type 2 diabetes.
Study Design: Present research was a Cross-Sectional Study.
Methodology: Current study was conducted at Lahore General Hospital, Jinnah hospital Lahore and Diabetes Endocrine Metabolic Centre (DEMC) from March 2023 to February 2024.   A retrospective Cross-Sectional analysis of 800 patients was considered and correlation between BMI, HbA1c and hypercholesterolemia was noted. The Underweight, Normal, Overweight, Obesity Class 1, Obesity Class 2, and Obesity Class 3 were the six categories based on BMI. One could classify HbA1c as controlled or uncontrolled. One could take cholesterol as controlled or uncontrolled.
Results:For above 500 patients, 25 percent had normal weight, 30.1% were overweight, and 35 percent were obese. Class 1 had a 25.8% obesity rate, Class 2 had a 40% obesity rate, and Class 3 had a 42 % obesity rate. Both sexes showed similar levels of obesity, HbA1c, and cholesterol control. Whereas 32.26% of patients had a controlled HbA1c. Of them, 7.8% had normal weight, 11.8% were overweight, and 0.98% were underweight. In this class, 11.8% of the patients were obese. Class 1 obesity rates were 6.2%, Class 2 obesity rates were 4.3%, and Class 3 obesity rates were 1.2%. 1.9% of patients with uncontrolled HbA1c levels were underweight, 18.2% were of normal weight, 22.1% were overweight, and 26.3% were obese out of 67.74% of patients. Class 1 obesity rates were 18.7%, Class 2 obesity rates were 6.3%, and Class 3 obesity rates were 1.4%.
Conclusion:The findings of present study were showed that BMI has close relationship with HbA1c. And hypercholesterolemia. High levels of BMI had poor glycemic and Cholesterol control.
ENHANCING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL BY USING BRAINSTORMING STRATEGY
Authors: NURHIKMAH ZIZI
Published: June 2024

This research has aim for increasing students’ writing skill. For increasing students’ skill, it is needed an effective strategy. This research used brainstorming for it. In the method, the researcher used Classroom Action Research. It had done for 2 cycles with total six meeting. Two meetings was for test and four meetings were for treatment.The population of this research was the tenth grade students from eleventh grade students of Marketing at Vocational High School of Sunan Kalijogo Malang. Academic year 2022/2023. The students’ average was 60 then after the implementation brainstorming their cycle changed into 77,43. It showed that brainstorming strategy can improve students’ writing skill.
Neuroelectrophysiology-Compatible Electrolytic Lesioning
Authors: Bray Iliana E. , Clarke Stephen E. , Casey Kerriann , Nuyujukian Paul ,   the Brain Interfacing Laboratory
Published: June 2024

Lesion studies have historically been instrumental for establishing causal connections between brain and behavior. They stand to provide additional insight if integrated with multielectrode techniques common in systems neuroscience. Here we present and test a platform for creating electrolytic lesions through chronically implanted, intracortical multielectrode probes without compromising the ability to acquire neuroelectrophysiology. A custom-built current source provides stable current and allows for controlled, repeatable lesions in awake-behaving animals. Performance of this novel lesioning technique was validated using histology from
ex vivo
and
in vivo
testing, current and voltage traces from the device, and measurements of spiking activity before and after lesioning. This electrolytic lesioning method avoids disruptive procedures, provides millimeter precision over the extent and submillimeter precision over the location of the injury, and permits electrophysiological recording of single-unit activity from the remaining neuronal population after lesioning. This technique can be used in many areas of cortex, in several species, and theoretically with any multielectrode probe. The low-cost, external lesioning device can also easily be adopted into an existing electrophysiology recording setup. This technique is expected to enable future causal investigations of the recorded neuronal population’s role in neuronal circuit function, while simultaneously providing new insight into local reorganization after neuron loss.
Automated multiconformer model building for X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM
Authors: Wankowicz Stephanie A , Ravikumar Ashraya , Sharma Shivani , Riley Blake , Raju Akshay , Hogan Daniel W , Flowers Jessica , van den Bedem Henry , Keedy Daniel A , Fraser James S
Published: June 2024

In their folded state, biomolecules exchange between multiple conformational states that are crucial for their function. Traditional structural biology methods, such as X-ray crystallography and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), produce density maps that are ensemble averages, reflecting molecules in various conformations. Yet, most models derived from these maps explicitly represent only a single conformation, overlooking the complexity of biomolecular structures. To accurately reflect the diversity of biomolecular forms, there is a pressing need to shift toward modeling structural ensembles that mirror the experimental data. However, the challenge of distinguishing signal from noise complicates manual efforts to create these models. In response, we introduce the latest enhancements to qFit, an automated computational strategy designed to incorporate protein conformational heterogeneity into models built into density maps. These algorithmic improvements in qFit are substantiated by superior Rfree and geometry metrics across a wide range of proteins. Importantly, unlike more complex multicopy ensemble models, the multiconformer models produced by qFit can be manually modified in most major model building software (e.g., Coot) and fit can be further improved by refinement using standard pipelines (e.g., Phenix, Refmac, Buster). By reducing the barrier of creating multiconformer models, qFit can foster the development of new hypotheses about the relationship between macromolecular conformational dynamics and function.
Disordered proteins interact with the chemical environment to tune their protective function during drying
Authors: KC Shraddha , Nguyen Kenny , Nicholson Vincent , Walgren Annie , Trent Tony , Gollub Edith , Romero Sofia , Holehouse Alex S. , Sukenik Shahar , Boothby Thomas C.
Published: June 2024

The conformational ensemble and function of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are sensitive to their solution environment. The inherent malleability of disordered proteins combined with the exposure of their residues accounts for this sensitivity. One context in which IDPs play important roles that is concomitant with massive changes to the intracellular environment is during desiccation (extreme drying). The ability of organisms to survive desiccation has long been linked to the accumulation of high levels of cosolutes such as trehalose or sucrose as well as the enrichment of IDPs, such as late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins or cytoplasmic abundant heat soluble (CAHS) proteins. Despite knowing that IDPs play important roles and are co-enriched alongside endogenous, species-specific cosolutes during desiccation, little is known mechanistically about how IDP-cosolute interactions influence desiccation tolerance. Here, we test the notion that the protective function of desiccation-related IDPs is enhanced through conformational changes induced by endogenous cosolutes. We find that desiccation-related IDPs derived from four different organisms spanning two LEA protein families and the CAHS protein family, synergize best with endogenous cosolutes during drying to promote desiccation protection. Yet the structural parameters of protective IDPs do not correlate with synergy for either CAHS or LEA proteins. We further demonstrate that for CAHS, but not LEA proteins, synergy is related to self-assembly and the formation of a gel. Our results demonstrate that functional synergy between IDPs and endogenous cosolutes is a convergent desiccation protection strategy seen among different IDP families and organisms, yet, the mechanisms underlying this synergy differ between IDP families.
The Kv2.2 channel mediates the inhibition of Prostaglandin E2 on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Pan Chengfang , Liu Ying , Wang Liangya , Fan Wengyong , Ni Yunzhi , Zhang Xuefeng , Wu Di , Li Chenyang , Li Jin , Li Zhaoyang , Liu Rui , Hu Changlong
Published: June 2024

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an endogenous inhibitor of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and plays an important role in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism by which PGE2 inhibits GSIS. Our results showed that PGE2 inhibited Kv2.2 channels via increasing PKA activity in HEK293T cells overexpressed with Kv2.2 channels. Point mutation analysis demonstrated that S448 residue was responsible for the PKA-dependent modulation of Kv2.2. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of PGE2 on Kv2.2 was blocked by EP2/4 receptor antagonists, while mimicked by EP2/4 receptor agonists. The immune fluorescence results showed that EP1-EP4 receptors are expressed in both mouse and human β-cells. In INS-1(832/13) β-cells, PGE2 inhibited voltage-gated potassium currents and electrical activity through EP2/4 receptors and Kv2.2 channels. Knockdown of Kv2.2 reduced the action potential firing frequency and alleviated the inhibition of PGE2 on GSIS in INS-1(832/13) β-cells. PGE2 impaired glucose tolerance in wild-type mice but did not alter glucose tolerance in Kv2.2 knockout mice. Knockout of Kv2.2 reduced electrical activity, GSIS and abrogated the inhibition of PGE2 on GSIS in mouse islets. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that PGE2 inhibits GSIS in pancreatic β-cells through the EP2/4-Kv2.2 signaling pathway. The findings highlight the significant role of Kv2.2 channels in the regulation of β-cell repetitive firing and insulin secretion, and contribute to the understanding of the molecular basis of β-cell dysfunction in diabetes.