bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the Manifestation of Marek's Disease in Poultry Farms of the Rostov Region, Russian Federation
Authors: Tambiev Timur , Tazayan Arthur , Fedorov Vladimir , Gak Yuri , Derezina Tatyana , Avetisyan David
Published: April 2021

The authors carried out monitoring studies to examine the epizootic process features and the manifestation of clinical signs and pathological changes in Marek’s disease in various poultry farms in the Rostov region. The disease was most often in chickens aged 1.5 to 6 months. Two forms of the disease were registered: classical (nervous) - 63.3% of cases, and tumor (visceral) - 36.7% of cases. There was an unequal manifestation of symptoms of the disease, because of the different state of natural resistance and immunological reactivity of sick birds. The main clinical signs of Marek’s disease in chickens included: oppression; loss of appetite; development of paresis and paralysis; violation of movement coordination; cachexia; anemic crest, earrings and visible mucous membranes; change in the shape and constriction of the pupil; depigmentation of the iris of the eyes; partial or complete loss of vision; lameness; damage to the feather follicles; and the formation of tumors on the skin. The mortality rate of birds with nervous lesions was 70%. The surviving birds died within 1–2 months from the development of neoplastic changes in the internal organs. The main pathological changes in Marek’s disease were thickening and destructive changes in nerve fibers; and neoplastic changes in the parenchymal organs, lungs, intestinal mesentery, gastrointestinal tract, muscle tissue and skin. Most often, the disease was registered in the personal subsidiary plots of citizens. It manifested itself in massive epizootic outbreaks, usually in a nervous form with a high morbidity and mortality. In poultry farms, the disease was recorded extremely rarely. As a rule, it manifested itself in a tumor-like form, in isolated cases among a small percentage of poultry.
Keywords: poultry, chickens, Marek’s disease, clinical signs, pathological changes
Acceptance of Increasing the Productivity of Spring Barley
Authors: Ryabtseva Natalya , Avdeenko Aleksey , Avdeenko Svetlana , Fetyukhin Igor
Published: April 2021

The aim of this research was to develop a model of productive agrocenoses of spring barley through the application of the growth regulators Biroduks, Vitazim, Emistim and Ribav-Extra. Spraying the plants with the growth regulators led to better growth and the development of leaf blades: the leaf area on one plant increased 1.2-1.74 times. The activation of photosynthetic activity using biological products was established. The most developed assimilation apparatus of the plant was developed under the drug Emistim: the leaf area was 69.224 m2 / ha. The weight of 1000 grains was at its maximum under the influence of Emistim (45.9 g). Less heavy grain was formed by crops under the influence of the Biroduks preparation (45.7 g). In version three, the weight of 1000 grains exceeded the control by 1.9 g. In version five, the increase was 1.4 g. The relationship between the mass of 1000 grains, productive bushiness and yield was a weak straight line (r = 0.19 and r = 0.16, respectively). The increase in yield depended to a greater extent on the number of preserved plants for harvesting (r = 0.98) than on the mass of the grain, the bushiness or the number of grains in the ear. The minimum biological yield was obtained in the control variant and the maximum was with the drug Emistim. Reliability at a 95% significance level was noted on all options. The positive impact on overcoming stressful effects during the growing season of spring barley was most effective when using the drug Emistim.
Keywords: spring barley, plant growth regulator, efficiency
The Technology of Producing Biohumus and the Study of its Qualitative Indicators
Authors: Gneush Anna , Zholobova Inna , Petenko Alexander , Gorkovenko Natalia , Yurina Natalia
Published: April 2021

This article presents the results from the development of a technology for producing biohumus from the feces of cattle and winter wheat straw in a biodynamic fermenter. Nitrifying agents are important for soil fertility, which is dependent on the intensity of the nitrification process. This group includes aerobic cellulose-destroying microorganisms, denitrifiers and sulfate-reducing bacteria. The ratio of these groups and their composition are changing. Therefore, the study of the quantitative ratio of microbial communities involved in the formation of biohumus was of considerable scientific interest. During the microbiological analyses, a large number of microorganisms were found to be involved in the decomposition of the organic compounds. Aminoautotrophic microorganisms represented the largest physiological group of microorganisms in the biohumus. The chemical composition of the biohumus was determined during the study and a sanitary microbiological analysis was performed. The content of gross forms of elements in the humic extract was also examined. The humic extract from the biohumus was a brown liquid with 15 g / l of humic acids, 5.0 g / l of fulvic acids, and gross forms of elements (potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen). The dry matter in the biohumus was 1.0% of the total composition and contained 0.1% nitrogen, 0.03% phosphorus P2O5 and 0.01% potassium K2O. It was found that high-quality organic fertilizer can be obtained using this technology.
Keywords: biohumus, humic extract, chemical composition, sanitary-microbiological analysis, organic fertilizer
Agrophysical Properties of Ordinary Chernozem as the Basis of Stability of Modern Agriculture
Authors: Zelenskay Galina , Zelenskiy Nikolay , Shurkin Andrey
Published: April 2021

The optimal parameters of agrophysical soil properties are important for ensuring favorable conditions for plant development. This study found a significant impact of various tillage technologies on the agrophysical state of ordinary chernozem. The long-term use of the no-till technology decreased soil density in the arable and root-inhabited (0-60 cm) layers. Before sowing winter crops using the no-till method, the soil had the best porosity level - more than 57%. Due to the reduction of agricultural machinery passes through the field, the structural aggregates increased to 52.6%, which was 12.7% more than during the dump treatment. Improving the agrophysical state of the soil with the no-till technology had a significant impact on the water permeability of the soil and its water regime. When using the no-till technology, the best agrophysical soil properties in the arable layer had a decisive influence on the yield of the field crops. In 2006-2018, the no-till technology provided a steady yield gain of 3.1-5.2 kg / ha or 6.5-38.2%. The long-term use of the no-till technology ensured the conservation of the soil, demonstrating the environmental benefits of this technology. The optimal agrophysical properties of ordinary chernozem when using the no-till technology ensured the effective use of moisture, improved the field crop productivity, and enabled more effective conservation of arable land in the arid conditions of the Rostov region.
Keywords: agrophysical soil properties, porosity, water permeability, productivity, no-till technology
Species Peculiarities of Weeds in Terms of Heavy Metal Accumulation
Authors: Zubkova Valentina , Belozubova Natalia , Arslanbekova Flura , Gaponenko Albina , Gorbunova Vasilisa
Published: April 2021

Control over the accumulation of heavy metals (HM) in agrophytocenoses is an urgent environmental problem. An obligatory component of all field agrophytocenoses are various agrobiological groups of weeds. The purpose of this work was to study the features of HM accumulation in the weed component of agrophytocenoses. The study was carried out in agrophytocenoses of the Yaroslavl region, represented by winter and spring crops, legumes, corn, industrial crops, and a wide variety of weeds. According to the data of the route survey of crops in the Yaroslavl region, the weediness of agricultural plants was 31–101 pieces per square meter. Weeds differed in the content of HMs: by 5.8 times for Zn; more than 14 times for Cd and Pb; and about 6 times for Cu. Dandelion medicinal and creeping wheatgrass expressed the barrier function of the roots in relation to all of the studied elements. The contribution of weeds to the general elimination of trace elements and heavy metals by plants of agrophytocenoses is insignificant.
Keywords: weeds, heavy metals, trace elements, barrier function of roots
The Implementation of Energy-Saving Lighting Systems for Poultry Houses
Authors: Dovlatov Igor , Yuferev Leonid , Smirnov Aleksandr , Proshkin Yuri , Sokolov Aleksandr
Published: April 2021

The provision of lighting in poultry shelters is an energy-intensive process in poultry farming, due to a lack of sunlight in closed facilities. Lighting plays an important role in the majority of organism biorhythms and it clocks the processes of vital activities of the birds. Lighting directly influences productivity, growth and sexual maturation of birds. A determining factor for the lifetime of an LED is the crystal heating temperature during its operation. It may be assumed that the LED lifetime is largely independent of the variation in the current passing through the LED (within the limits of its design values). The research objective was to conduct laboratory testing to compare the electricity consumption between the existing and a newly developed lighting system for poultry house no. 19 of the Kuchinsky Poultry Breeding Plant. In order to conduct the laboratory testing, the authors developed lighting fixtures consisting of sealed plastic bodies with an LED-carrying PCB inside. The testing continued for 113 days. The new system consumed 662 kWh, while the previous system consumed 783 kWh. Energy savings through the testing period amounted to 15%. During the testing, the new equipment was reliable; no failures of LED fixtures were recorded.
Keywords: LED lighting, energy conservation, poultry farming, microclimate
Numerical and Species Composition of Insects Transmitting Viral Infection in North Ossetia
Authors: Gerieva Fаtima , Gazdanova Irina , Basiev Soltan
Published: April 2021

One of the major tasks in the production of original and elite potato seeds is to prevent the rapid re-infection of the healthy material with viruses in the open field. The high rate of infection with each subsequent reproduction reduces seed productivity and worsens the tuber varietal quality. Currently, about two dozen viruses that infect potatoes have been identified. In the field, most of the harmful viruses of potatoes are transmitted by insects such as aphids, cicadas and bedbugs. The purpose of our research was to study the species composition of transmitters and the intensity of their flight in North Ossetia. Studying the activity of the winged aphid vector is a prerequisite for the implementation of protective measures against re-infection of the sanitized material with viruses. The most important criteria characterizing aphids in transferring potato viruses during the growing season were as follows: the species composition, the dynamics of the potato planting periods, the timing of the critical threshold with regards to the number of aphids, and the total vector intensity during the growing season. There are very few aphid vectors in the mountain zone of the Republic of North Ossetia, which is at and above an altitude of 1,650 meters above sea level. Therefore, mountain regions of this height are a natural insulator against viral infection. In the foothill zone, the most numerous aphid vectors are bean, buckthorn, and alder buckthorn-willowherb aphids, whose number varies from 35 to 280 individuals per year on a Merike trap.
Keywords: potatoes, insect vectors, a Merike trap, mountain zone, spatial isolation
Productivity of Super Intensive Mother Plantations of the Violet Early Variety Under Different Modes of Loading the Bushes with Shoots
Authors: Magomadov Andy , Batukaev Abdulmalik , Malykh Grigoriy
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the results of a multi-year study aimed at developing super intensive mother plantations. The effect of different modes of shoot load on grape bushes of the hard-to-root variety Violet Early was shown. A comprehensive study of physiological anatomical changes in the vine under various load conditions was conducted to demonstrate the quality and number of cuttings prepared. The efficiency of the creation of super intensive mother plantations on sandy soils in the Chechen Republic was analyzed. The presence of such mother plants allowed timely harvesting of cuttings to use those of the best quality for reproduction. In the experiments, the net income amounted to 23,717.21 thousand rubles, so it almost doubled; and the profitability attained 140.87%, which was 79% more than that in the control.
Keywords: grapes, variety, load of shoots, mother plants, cuttings, seedlings, sandy soils, yield
Chemicals for Protecting Corn Crops from Cotton Budworm
Authors: Lionovna Zaira , Mikhailovna Lyudmila
Published: April 2021

Agrarian research is aimed at increasing crop yields by using modern agricultural technologies, including plant protection drugs. Certain corn pests have an annual distribution, but their harmfulness depends on overwintering and weather and climatic conditions in the spring and summer growing seasons. In 2016-2019, research was conducted to reduce the harmfulness of phytophages on corn crops. The species composition of the pests was studied and progressive species were identified. Second generation cotton budworms damage corn crops. The most effective insecticides against cotton budworms were selected. Chemical insecticides and microbiological drugs were identified. With a timely double spraying of corn with Lepidocide, the biological efficiency was 80%. Analyzing the data of insecticide tests, we have identified promising insecticides against cotton budworms that damage corn crops in the steppe arid zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
Keywords: corn, phytosanitary monitoring, identification, cotton budworm, insecticides, economic efficiency, biological efficiency
An Analysis of the Micropropagation and Peculiarities of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Cultivation Technology
Authors: Tucuser Yana , Pyshnaya Olga , Shafigullin Damir , Soldatenko Alexey
Published: April 2021

This review is devoted to biotechnological methods and approaches used in eggplant selection. Using in-vitro techniques, micropropagation makes it possible to obtain Solanum melongena L. plants identical to the original ones. This article discusses various aspects of eggplant microcloning; draws conclusions about the successful induction of shoots, which is an important stage required for the regeneration of the callus; and describes the methodological issues of origin, explant treatment, cultivation features, composition of nutrient media, growth regulators, growing conditions and rooting algorithms, and adaptation of the resulting regenerant plants. The microclonal reproduction of Solanum melongena L. by organogenesis from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants is described. After explants were introduced into an in-vitro culture, significant differences in the nature of growth and development of the tissues in the nutrient media were observed on the 6-8th day. A comparative analysis of the stimulating effect of growth regulators revealed that thidiazuron with a concentration of 0.02 mg/l had the highest efficiency; its effect on the regenerative capacity of the explant depended on the concentration in the medium. The dependence of all stages of microclonal reproduction on the genotype is shown.
Keywords: Solanum melongena L., eggplant, nightshade, microcloning, biotechnology
UTILIZATION OF EFFICACIOUS HERBS AS SUPPLEMENTS IN DISEASE CONTROL IN AQUACULTURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Ariefqi Muhammad Naufal , Syamsunarno Mas Rizky Angguna Adipurna , Rosdianto Aziiz Mardanarian
Published: April 2021

Indonesia sebagai negara maritim berperan penting dalam sektor akuakultur. Kelimpahan hasil sektor ini menjadi daya tarik dunia. Melihat potensinya agar stabil diperlukan pengelolaan protokol kesehatan produk yang terjaga termasuk perikanan air tawar. Ikan menjadi rentan saat hadirnya penyakit. Patogen penyakit seperti akibat kontak dengan parasit, bakteri, virus, dan jamur harus ditangani dengan tepat. Kita ketahui medikasi yang diberikan memanfaatkan bahan kimia sintetis sebagai pengobatan. Selain bahan sintesis, tanaman obat berkhasiat (herbal) Indonesia dapat menjadi alternatif untuk pengobatan. Secara empiris khasiat yang dihasilkan pun sangat kompetitif dan aman dibandingkan kimia sintesis. Seperti pencegah infeksi, penghilang stres, peningkat kekebalan tubuh spesifik maupun nonspesifik, bahkan mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan fisik. Khasiat ini sejalan/linear dengan kandungan fitokimia utama bahan alam ini bermanfaat sebagai penentu dalam mengatasi penyakit. Informasi pemanfaatan herbal-herbal untuk ikan masih sangat jarang dilaporkan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut,pemanfaatan herbal terkini dapat dikaji menuju percepatan suplementasi terstandar sebagai metode penanggulangan penyakit pada ikan.
CYSTITIS HAEMORAGICS AND UROLITHIASIS IN DOMESTIC MALE LOCAL CAT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Riesta Baiq Deby Aprila , Batan I Wayan
Published: April 2021

Cystitis dan urolithiasis merupakan penyakit yang umum menyerang organ bagian perkencingan atau vesika urinaria pada kucing. Penyakit ini merupakan peradangan yang terjadi pada vesika urinaria sampai terbentuknya urolith atau batu kristal pada vesika urinaria. Seekor kucing berjenis kelamin jantan yang merupakan kucing lokal, berumur empat tahun dengan bobot badan 5,4 kg diperiksa di Rumah Sakit Hewan Pendidikan, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Udayana, dengan keluhan tidak bisa kencing selama tiga hari dan pada saat keluar air kencing terlihat bercampur darah. Pada pemeriksaan fisik, kucing selalu berbaring dan pada saat urinasi urin bercampur dengan darah. Pemeriksaan penunjang yang dilakukan berupa pemeriksaan laboratorium yaitu pemeriksaan darah, pemeriksaan ultrasonografi (USG), pemeriksaan radiologi, dan sedimentasi urin. Hasil pemeriksaan darah menunjukkan bahwa kucing mengalami leukositosis, anemia dan monositosis, hasil USG menunjukkan adanya endapan partikel-partikel kristal magnesium ammonium fosfat (struvite), dan hasil radiologi didapatkan bahwa vesika urinaria mengalami pembesaran karena retensi urin. Kucing didiagnosis mengalami cystitis haemoragika dan urolithiasis dengan prognosis dubius-fausta. Terapi yang diberikan adalah terapi cairan, terapi injeksi antibiotik oksitetrasiklin (SC), injeksi asam tolfenamat (SC), injeksi diuretik furosemid (IV), penambahan obat herbal kejibeling per oral, dan pembilasan kantung kemih menggunakan bantuan kateter. Kucing mengalami perubahan setelah diberikan terapi selama tujuh hari ditandai dengan urinasi lancar tanpa hematuria dan tidak adanya rasa nyeri pada waktu urinasi.
HEAVY METAL LEVELS, LEAD AND IRON AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS IN GOAT BLOOD SLAUGHTERED IN DENPASAR CITY
Authors: Pangesti Thiara Ayu , Berata I Ketut , Arjana Anak Agung Gde
Published: April 2021

Daging kambing merupakan sumber protein hewani yang penting untuk diperhatikan guna menjamin keamanan konsumen. Peternakan kambing yang tercemar logam berat Pb dapat menurunkan kadar Fe dalam darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya cemaran logam berat timbal (plumbum/Pb) dan unsur zat besi (Ferrum/Fe) dalam darah kambing yang dipotong di Kota Denpasar. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 20 sampel darah kambing yang diambil di rumah pemotongan kambing di Kota Denpasar. Darah kambing yang diambil pada proses penyembelihan dimasukkan ke dalam vacuum tube dengan Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) yang kemudian diperiksa kadar logam berat Pb dan unsur Fe di Laboratorium Analitik Universitas Udayana. Pemeriksaan kadar logam berat Pb dan unsur Fe digunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric (AAS). Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa 12 dari 20 sampel positif mengandung logam berat Pb dengan rerata 0,098 dan rerata kadar Fe 34,389±8,447 ppm . Kadar Fe pada sampel yang negatif Pb adalah 37.622 ± 3.697 ppm. Uji sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa kadar Fe tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara sampel positif dan negatif mengandung logam berat Pb. Hasil analisis korelasi juga menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi antara kadar logam berat Pb terhadap kadar Fe. Simpulannya adalah masih terdapat darah kambing yang tercemar logam berat Pb yaitu 12 dari 20 kambing yang diperiksa. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kadar Fe darah sampel yang negatif dan positif mengandung logam berat Pb.
WHITE RATS BRAIN HISTOPATHOLOGY CHANGES IN THE FORM OF CONGESTION AND PERIVASCULAR EDEMA DUE TO TAPE YEAST SUPPLEMENTATION IN FEED
Authors: Yustisia Anggia , Winaya Ida Bagus Oka , Berata I Ketut , Samsuri Samsuri
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan histologi otak tikus putih akibat pemberian tambahan ragi tape dalam pakan pada dosis bertahap serta lama pemberian. Tikus putih betina sebanyak 24 ekor digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Tikus putih percobaan diberi pakan campuran pellet dan ragi tape. Tikus putih dikelompokkan menjadi empat perlakuan dengan enam kali ulangan, yaitu: P0: kontrol; P1: pemberian ragi tape 100 mg/kg BB; P2: pemberian ragi tape 200 mg/kg BB; P3: pemberian ragi tape 300 mg/kg BB. Semua tikus putih perlakuans, setelah nyawa tikus dikorbankan, dinekropsi pada hari ke-22. Jaringan otak diambil dan diproses untuk dibuat preparat dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin (HE). Variabel yang diperiksa meliputi adanya lesi kongesti dan edema. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nyata pada kongesti dan edema dari kelompok perlakuan dibanding kelompok kontrol, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney untuk mengetahui rerata skor dari masing-masing perlakuan. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian ragi tape menyebabkan perubahan histologi pada otak tikus putih, berupa lesi kongesti dan edema, kerusakan otak terberat terjadi pada tikus yang memperoleh dosis perlakuan 300 mg/kg BB.
VIRULENCE FACTORSOFSTAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS WHICH PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLEIN THE OCCURRENCE OF MASTITIS IN DAIRY CATTLE: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Larasati Savira Azhari , Windria Sarasati , Cahyadi Adi Imam
Published: April 2021

Staphylococcus aureus memiliki kepentingan di dunia kedokteran hewan sebagai agen penyebab mastitis pada sapi perah. Bakteri S. aureus dapat menghasilkan bermacam faktor virulensi yang dapat membantu patogen ini dalam setiap tahap proses patogenesis mastitis, dimulai dari perlekatan S. aureus ke sel ambing hingga menimbulkan kerusakan yang menyebar ke jaringan ambing. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi literatur yang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan dan menelaah berbagai artikel ilmiah yang terkait dengan topik penelitian ini melalui mesin pencari Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.co.id). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas karakteristik beberapa faktor virulensi S. aureus yang sering dilaporkan berperan dalam kejadian mastitis pada sapi perah. Faktor virulensi tersebut antara lain yaitu biofilm, clumping factor, fibronectin binding protein, hemolisin, koagulase, Panton-Valentine leukocidin, kapsul, dan superantigen seperti toksin toxic shock syndrome (TSST), serta enterotoksin (SE). Kombinasi produksi faktor virulensi oleh S. aureus dianggap dapat meningkatkan derajat keparahan mastitis.
Adoção de novas tecnologias: Um estudo com não usuários do sistema de solicitação de emissão de CPF pela internet, com ênfase em aspectos sociodemográficos
Authors: Souza Nery Domingos Gomes de , Farias Josivania Silva
Published: April 2021

Este estudo analisou fatores determinantes da não adoção do serviço de emissão de CPF disponibilizado de forma digital, distinguindo cidadãos não adotantes em função de variáveis demográficas e de hábito de uso de tecnologias. Teve como base teórica a Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2). O estudo quantitativo descritivo obteve amostra de 383 clientes dos Correios. A consistência interna do instrumento foi aferida pelo Alpha de Cronbach, foram analisadas correlações de Pearson e Spearman entre variáveis, além de testes: T de Student, ANOVA e Qui-quadrado. Concluiu-se que há uma complexidade para atender necessidades do usuário dadas as características demográficas existentes no Brasil. O estudo recomenda ações para o desenvolvimento de plataformas mais intuitivas, para incrementar a difusão da plataforma digital.
C3 Glomerulonephritis Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance
Authors: Gomes-Alves Inês , Castro-Ferreira Inês
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) is described as a hematologic condition characterized by nephrotoxicmonoclonal proteins produced by a non-malignant B-cell or plasma cell clone. Nevertheless, MGRS can cause serious renal lesions, leading to high morbidity. In C3 glomerulonephritis, a monoclonal protein can cause renal damage indirectly. Acting as an autoantibody, the protein cannot be detected in the kidney biopsy, promoting the dysregulation of the alternative pathway of the complement system.Material and Methods: This non-systematic review was based on a comprehensive search in databases and scientific journals, such as PubMed, Nature Reviews Nephrology and Kidney International, including the terms ‘C3 Glomerulonephritis’ and ‘Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance’. We review the pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of C3 glomerulonephritis associated with MGRS.Discussion: With the increasing understanding of the complex interaction between monoclonal gammopathy and renal damage, such as C3 glomerulonephritis, it becomes clear that an early recognition is crucial, as Ig-directed therapy might improve outcomes. In this context, and in order to maximize the chance of a correct diagnosis, renal biopsy is mandatory to determine the exact nature of the lesion, and the severity of renal disease. Conclusion: It is important to make an early diagnosis of MGRS-associated C3 glomerulonephritis in order to prevent not only the progression to a hematological malignancy, but also end-stage renal disease.
Autenticidad del arte cusqueño del siglo XVII en la obra de José Uriel García (1922-1925)
Authors: Caparó-Aragón Marco Antonio
Published: April 2021

El artículo es una mirada a las reflexiones histórico-artísticas deJosé Uriel García (1894-1965) sobre el arte cusqueño, escritos entre 1922-1925. Discurso en el que prima la creación de la historia artística peruana a través de nuevos valores estéticos propuestos en la creación del objeto artístico. Su valía intenta demostrar la presencia del arte genuino en Cusco. En este sentido, a través de la historiografía artística, se intentó tener aproximaciones importantes para explicar el desarrollo del concepto de autenticidad plástica del autor. Y, también, la relación fáctica entre obra de arte y artista, diseminadas las reproducciones artísticas. El análisis de los resultados permitió observar los siguientes aspectos. La autenticidad del arte cusqueño del siglo XVII se manifiesta en las edificaciones de iglesias y parroquias periféricas en los barrios populares. Lo mismo para la pintura y la escultura, cuyo principio de validéz se demuestra en la deformación del estilo barroco para introducir nuevos valores estéticos, ornamentos incaicos, rostros mestizos, etc.
Entre necropsias y atestados policiales: Mamoru Shimizu y el misterio del Dragón Negro
Authors: Zanutelli-Rosas Manuel
Published: April 2021

Esta crónica relata el sangriento crimen de siete miembros de dos familias japonesas, ocurrido el 2 de noviembre de 1944, en Lima. El japonés Mamoru Shimizu fue inculpado y alrededor de él se tejieron diversas hipótesis. Murió en prisión y muchas interrogantes quedaron abiertas.
“Siento miedo”. Experiencia laboral en el contexto de la emergencia nacional sanitaria generada por la pandemia COVID-19. Segunda parte
Authors: Merino-Solari Renatto
Published: April 2021

La investigación exploró las emociones en dos personas que trabajan en el contexto de la pandemia COVID – 19. Se planteó una investigación dialógica y participativa. Dos presunciones la orientaron. Primera: determinados estados/situaciones emocionales/laborales como vulnerabilidad, incertidumbre, miedo y precariedad son parte de la normalidad de las trabajadoras, por tanto, la pandemia está agravando situaciones preexistentes. Segunda: laborar en el hogar resulta de mayor bienestar emocional y laboral para el trabajador. El conocimiento consensuado respalda la primera presunción y relativiza la segunda.
Léxico covid-19
Authors: Pamo-Reyna Oscar G.
Published: April 2021

El autor describe el carácter bélico del lenguaje popular y periodístico para comunicar las noticias en los diversos medios, especialmente en las redes sociales. Además, presenta un listado de vocablos y expresiones nuevos o poco usados antes, anglicismos y neologismos empleados con motivo de la pandemia COVID-19.
El Decamerón, la Peste Negra y el Coronavirus
Authors: Lozano-Alvarado Saniel E.
Published: April 2021

Ante el fenómeno de la pandemia universal del coronavirus en el ámbito mundial, en el presente trabajo partimos del reconocimiento de una aproximación de la literatura a la realidad, punto de partida frecuente en el proceso de creación literaria, especialmente en la narración. Según lo expuesto, la literatura no puede juzgarse solamente teniendo en cuenta su función artística, sino su relación con las diversas formas de la realidad: social, económica, cultural, etc. Se traza un paralelismo entre la “peste negra”, que se originó en Oriente, de donde pasó a Italia y a los demás países europeos, y la pandemia actual del coronavirus. En el reconocimiento de esta situación se ubica el punto de partida del desarrollo de la estructura y contenido del “Decamerón”, la notable obra de Giovanni Boccaccio: conjunto de cuentos referidos por siete muchachas y tres jóvenes varones, cada uno de los cuales relata diez cuentos. La decisión la adoptaron como una medida de aislamiento y entretenimiento para eludir el contagio de la epidemia.
Premio nobel de medicina y fisiología 2020: descubridores del virus de la hepatitis C
Authors: Tagle Martín
Published: April 2021

Después del descubrimiento del virus de la hepatitis B, que ameritó la entrega del Premio Nobel de Medicina o Fisiología en 1976, permaneció por casi dos décadas la incógnita de por qué un tercio de los pacientes que recibían transfusiones de productos sanguíneos padecían de un cuadro de hepatitis que en muchos casos llevaba a la cirrosis y al cáncer hepático. La entonces misteriosa llamada “hepatitis no-A, no-B” era responsable de más del 80% de las hepatitis relacionadas a transfusiones y uso de drogas endovenosas. En este año 2020, y en medio de la pandemia de la COVID-19, los investigadores Harvey Alter, Michael Houghton y Charles Rice recibieron merecidamente el Premio Nobel de Medicina o Fisiología por haber aislado y caracterizado al virus ARN responsable de esta enfermedad, hoy conocido como el virus de la hepatitis C.
Adjunctive radiograph diagnostic in vertical mandibular asymmetry
Authors: Moorthy Kirubanandan Sathya , Sofyanti Ervina , Boel Trelia , Govanny Jesslyn Okto , Rachmawati Aditya
Published: April 2021

Background: The development of radio diagnostics in orthodontics is still a challenge in treating skeletal anomaly with facial asymmetry. The assessment of skeletal symmetry, which can be obtained by frontal radiographs such as panoramic radiograph and posteroanterior cephalograph, is still limited. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate panoramic radiograph and posteroanterior cephalograph in measuring the vertical mandibular asymmetry based on Kjellberg technique. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study of 43 pre-treatment panoramic radiographs and posteroanterior cephalographs from dental faculty students at Universitas Sumatera Utara between 18–25 years old. The subjects have fully erupted permanent teeth until the second molar and complained about facial asymmetry. The validity and reliability of vertical mandibular asymmetry of Kjellberg technique with Cliniview software in both radiographs used Cohen-K analysis. Results: The measurement of vertical mandibular asymmetry showed no significant differences using panoramic radiograph and posteroanterior cephalograph (0.073-0.321 > 0.05). Conclusion: The vertical mandibular asymmetry analysis with Kjellberg technique in panoramic radiograph is potent as an adjunctive diagnostic tool in vertical mandibular asymmetry.
Comparison between school and home-based dental health promotion in improving knowledge, parental attitude and dental health of children with mild disabilities
Authors: Raisah Putri , Amalia Rosa , Priyono Bambang
Published: April 2021

Background: In general, children with physical disabilities have a lower level of oral hygiene compared to able-bodied children because their access to dental health care services is affected by their physical limitations. The level of oral hygiene available to children with disabilities can be improved with the involvement of parents/caregivers equipped with good knowledge and attitudes regarding oral health. Purpose: Determine the difference between the effectiveness of school and home visit-based dental health promotion in improving the knowledge and attitudes of parents/caregivers and students regarding oral hygiene as well as lowering the dental plaque scores of students with mild physical disabilities. Methods: This study is quasi-experimental and uses the two-group pretest–posttest design. The study’s design was created with a model of one observation before intervention (O1), two interventions (X1-2) and two observations after intervention (O2-3). The study samples are students with mild physical disabilities aged 8–15 years old in special needs school, or sekolah luar biasa (SLB), in Sleman, Yogyakarta, and their parents/caregivers. The locations of the study were SLBs and the respondents’ homes. The study instrument was a knowledge test for students with mild physical disabilities and their parents/caregivers, along with a questionnaire on the parents/caregivers’ attitudes towards oral and dental health. Plaque control examinations for students with mild physical disabilities were conducted using the O’Leary index. Results: School-based oral health promotion was better at improving the attitudes of parents/caregivers to oral hygiene than the home visits (p<0.05). Both school-based and home visit-based oral health promotion was effective in furthering the oral hygiene knowledge of students with mild disabilities and their parents/caregivers as well as in improving the students’ dental plaque scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: The school based-oral health promotion model was more effective in improving attitudes of the students’ parents/caregivers. Both the school-based and the home visit-based oral health promotion models were equally effective in enhancing the knowledge of parents/caregivers, along with the knowledge and dental plaque scores of students with mild disabilities.
Silicone loop alternative for posterior bitewing radiography
Authors: Prativi Shinta Amini , Chairani Shanty , Hestingsih Tyas
Published: April 2021

Background: Bitewing radiography is a technique that depicts the crown of the maxillary and mandibular teeth and the crest of the alveolar bone in the same receptor. The use of film holders and paper loops in bitewing techniques is very helpful in standardising radiographs, but it has some disadvantages, including the lack of efficiency and discomfort. Therefore, silicone has been widely used in the medical field as a replacement for paper loops. Purpose: This study was conducted to describe the compatibility of the silicone material as an alternative for bitewing radiography. Methods: This research is experimental and a one-shot case study. It used the Mann–Whitney (P < 0.05) test for statistical analysis to compare the results of the radiographs using silicone loops and paper loops and to analyse the quality of each radiograph: object coverage, density, contrast, sharpness, geometry, and overlapping. Results: The images where silicone loops were used show adequate results in six radiograph quality assessments. There was no significant difference between the radiographs that were obtained using the silicon loop and the paper loop (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Silicone loops can be an alternative tool for bitewing radiography because they result in optimal image quality.
Cultivation and expansion of mesenchymal stem cells from human gingival tissue and periodontal ligament in different culture media
Authors: Kusumawardani Banun , Robin Dwi Merry Christmarini , Puspitasari Endah , Savitri Irma Josefina , Suendi Dea Ajeng Pravita
Published: April 2021

Background: Gingival tissue and periodontal ligament act as sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that play a vital role in periodontal regeneration, but they both have limitations for cell availability. MSCs cultivated and expanded in various media formulations could be used as a basis for the development of cell therapy protocols. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the optimum culture media formulation for cultivation and expansion of human gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) and human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Methods: The hGMSCs and hPDLSCs were obtained from gingival tissue and periodontal ligament specimens from an adult patient. The two different culture media formulations used were: 1) α-minimum essential media (α-MEM) supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100mg/mL streptomycin and 2.5 µg/mL amphotericin B; and 2) Dulbecco’s minimum essential media-Low Glucose (DMEM-LG) supplemented with 10% FBS, 2 mMol/L L-glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100mg/mL streptomycin and 2.5 µg/mL amphotericin B. The minced-gingival tissue and periodontal ligament samples were seeded in 3 cm tissue culture dishes with one of two experimental culture media, and incubated at 37oC in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. Results: Cell morphology was observed on days two and five of the third passage. The gingival tissue and periodontal ligament primary cells exhibited fibroblast-like morphology, long processes and were spindle-shaped. The hPDLSCs grown in α-MEM exhibited a significant increase in cell viability and proliferation rate compared to the hPDLSCs grown in DMEM-LG. However, hGMSCs displayed similar cell viability and proliferation rate on both types of experimental media. Both the hGMSCs and hPDLSCs expressed MSC markers, including CD105, CD146, and CD90, but did not express CD45. Conclusion: Culture media formulations of α-MEM and DMEM-LG can be used for the cultivation and expansion of both hGMSCs and hPDLSCs.
Trends and Alternatives of Modern World’s Development
Authors: Semenenko I. , Lapkin V. , Pantin V.
Published: April 2021

The authors state that the periods of crisis development put forward an urgent necessity not only in comprehension of the reasons of the current failures and possible ways to overcome them. More importantly, we need to map out potential alternatives that may prevent new fundamental malfunctions. According to authors, the social expectations of the systemic changes in developmental management are based on comprehension of the crisis as a “choice”, “turning point”, “decision-taking point”. The most essential dimensions of such changes are discussed in the paper.
Conflicts in the Middle East in XXI Century
Authors: Labinskaya I.
Published: April 2021

The publication gives an account of IMEMO Academic Council “Conflicts in the Middle East in XXI Century” (spring 2013). The key presentation provides an analysis of the main contemporary conflicts in the region, including the causes of their emergence and possible ways of resolution. The discussion presentations provide more detailed consideration of particular features of the current situation in the Middle East.
Myanmar: Arena of “Big Game” for Political Influence in SEA
Authors: Simoniya A.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the changes in the foreign policy of Myanmar after 2010, the bilateral moves towards rapprochement between the Republic and the United States of America, the prospects of military cooperation between them, as well as the reactions to it from the side of North Korea and China.
PRC in World Innovation Development
Authors: Selihov D.
Published: April 2021

Under the conditions of globalization a developmental strategy based on utilization of new knowledge and technological breakthroughs became the most efficient for achieving and retaining the leading positions in the world. Basically, the article deals with the role of the national innovation system in the Chinese economy. In this connection a comparative analysis of the levels of different countries’ innovative development is undertaken. A conclusion is made that until now China still lags behind the world’s leading nations in terms of innovation-based development.
New Trends in Socio-Labor Sphere: Institutional Dimension
Authors: Sadovaya E.
Published: April 2021

This paper investigates emerging trends in the sector of employment and new profile of the market of employment. The author considers changes taking place as part of the deeper processes associated with the transformation of the modern social welfare state and leading to problems with the management of social and labor issues and threaten not only social but also political stability of modern nation-states. The new role of the social sectors analyzed in mitigating the negative effects occurring in the social and labor transformations.
Life Sciences and Bio-Security (the end)
Authors: Kalinina N.
Published: April 2021

In the framework of the Convention on prohibiting development, production and accumulation of bacteriological weapons consistent efforts are now being taken to characterize the experiments that contradict to this Convention and cause concerns. The paper analyses different types of the experiments and their menaces to the mankind. It is also argued that there is a need for monitoring over the science and for running an enlightening and explanatory work within the research, branch and academic associations, bodies and institutions that have a relation to life sciences and dealing with the international security issues.
“Electronic State” in Developed Countries: Experience of Institutional Transformation
Authors: Afanas’eva O.
Published: April 2021

E-government is considered in the article as a fundamental institutional innovation. The author analyzes the best practices and points, the key factors of transformations’ success such as conceptual framework, responsible political leadership, qualitative legislation and protection of Law.
Economy of Indonesia: Current Trends
Authors: Shkvarya L.
Published: April 2021

The article proposes a consideration analysis of the current socio-economic situation of Indonesia and its external sector. On the basis of the analysis of quantitative and qualitative aspects of Indonesian and Russian bilateral trade, author shows the necessity and the possibility of quantitative and qualitative development of bilateral trade cooperation between the countries.
“Shale Gas Revolution”: Myths and Realities
Authors: Simoniya N.
Published: April 2021

The author argues that in recent years the world natural gas markets demonstrated vital new trends that primarily relate to the general slump in demand for the natural gas, as well as to accelerated build-up of shale gas production in the North American countries – the USA and Canada. The author proposes a non-partisan analysis of the factors and prospects of the “shale gas revolution”. The general conclusion is that the widely advertised forecasts of the upcoming dislodgement of the traditional gas, including LNG, from the markets of importing nations have no serious grounds.
Non-Observed Economy in Kazakhstan
Authors: Aliev T.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the scale and development trends of the non-observed economy and informal occupancy in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study is based on the material of the national statistics that were not discussed in the Russian literature until now. The author’s conclusions relate to the social and economic importance of the studied phenomena.
Foreign Banks in Countries of Central Asia
Authors: Dzhagityan E.
Published: April 2021

The article presents the first in the Russian-language literature systemic research of the activities of foreign based banks in the countries of the Central Asia. A consideration of exogenous and endogenous risks in the banking sector has shown that internationalization of banking regulation and supervision substantially influences the financial status of foreign banks irrespective to their size, country of origin and experience of working at local markets. The revealed risks are systemized according to economic and legal dimensions. This allows to determine the limits of foreign banks’ efficient functioning in the region under consideration.
Electronic Democracy in Theory and Practice
Authors: Rovinskaya T.
Published: April 2021

The article considers the phenomena of e-democracy in its development from theory to practice. The following issues are covered: existing concepts of electronic citizens’ participation in political decision-taking, e-government as a form of open interaction of the state institutions with the public, technological base and international experience of using the mechanisms of e-democracy.
World. Global Crisis Challenges. Spain
Authors: Semenenko I , Labinskaya I.
Published: April 2021

The next in the series of essays dealing with trends and prospects of social/political transformation of the West is the analysis of problems in Spain, prepared by the Center of Comparative Social-Economic and Social-Political Studies of IMEMO. The first to speak was S. Khenkin, Dr. Sci. (History), from MGIMO-University (Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs) who stressed the systemic character of the political community crisis in Spain. I. Prokhorenko, Cand. Sci. (Political Science), dealt with possible directions of Spanish development underlining risks of the nation’s return to a periphery status within the EU. A. Avilova, Cand. Sci. (Economics), analyzed Spanish economics in the time of crisis. A. Kozhanovskii, Cand. Sci. (History), from the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology (Russian Academy of Sciences), P. Yakovlev, Dr. Sci. (Economics), Head of Center for Iberian Studies at the Institute of Latin America (Russian Academy of Sciences), E. Ermol'eva, Cand. Sci. (Economics), researcher at IMEMO also took part in the discussion.
Transformation of Strategic Stability
Authors: Dvorkin V.
Published: April 2021

The article provides a retrospective analysis of the notion of strategic stability and its components at present time. The author looks upon the present and perspective factors, capable of undermining a strategic, regional and trans-regional stability. Special focus is on the role of independent inquiry in the correction of the strategic stability notion and in the formation of the up-dated list of destabilizing factors.
Structural Shifts in Kazakhstan’s Economy (1991–2011)
Authors: Aliev T.
Published: April 2021

This article reviews the main shifts' directions in the economic structure of Kazakhstan for the period of independent development by comparing information on the sectoral distribution of GDP, investment and employment. The comparison of the data on current statistics and the results of two population censes in 1999 and 2009 holds a special place in the study.
Crisis in Eurozone: Challenges and Responses
Authors: Cherkasov V. , Sharova S.
Published: April 2021

The article appeals to particular reasons for the recent crisis in Eurozone. It includes research on the measures taken to address the goals of public finance, banking systems and financial markets stabilization. Initiatives on overcoming the conflict between the single currency and a national sovereignty of European states, establishing more solid institutional basis for monetary union are under consideration.