bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inline Coupling of Simple and Complex Chemistry Modules within the Global Weather Forecast model FIM (FIM-Chem v1)
Authors: Zhang Li , Grell Georg , McKeen Stuart , Ahmadov Ravan , Froyd Karl , Murphy Daniel
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The global Flow-following finite-volume Icosahedral Model (FIM), which was developed in the Global Systems Laboratory of NOAA/ESRL, has been coupled inline with aerosol and gas-phase chemistry schemes of different complexity using the chemistry and aerosol packages from WRF-Chem v3.7, named as FIM-Chem v1. The three chemistry schemes include 1) the simple aerosol modules from the Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport model that includes only simplified sulfur chemistry, bulk aerosols, and sectional dust and sea salt modules (GOCART); 2) the photochemical gas-phase mechanism RACM coupled to GOCART to determine the impact of more realistic gas-phase chemistry on the GOCART aerosols simulations (RACM_ GOCART); and 3) a further sophistication within the aerosol modules by replacing GOCART with a modal aerosol scheme that includes secondary organic aerosols (SOA) based on the VBS approach (RACM_SOA_VBS). FIM-Chem is able to simulate aerosol, gas-phase chemical species and SOA at various spatial resolutions with different levels of complexity and quantify the impact of aerosol on numerical weather predictions (NWP). We compare the results of RACM_ GOCART and GOCART schemes which uses the default climatological model fields for OH, H2O2, and NO3. We find significant reductions of sulfate that are on the order of 40 % to 80 % over the eastern US and are up to 40 % near the Beijing region over China when using the RACM_GOCART scheme. We also evaluate the model performance by comparing with the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom-1) aircraft measurements in 2016 summer. FIM-Chem shows good performance in capturing the aerosol and gas-phase tracers. The model predicted vertical profiles of biomass burning plumes and dust plumes off the western Africa are also reproduced reasonably well.
Watershed zonation approach for tractably quantifying above-and-belowground watershed heterogeneity and functions
Authors: Wainwright Haruko M. , Uhlemann Sebastian , Franklin Maya , Falco Nicola , Bouskill Nicholas J. , Newcomer Michelle , Dafflon Baptiste , Woodburn Erica , Minsley Burke J. , Williams Kenneth H. , Hubbard Susan S.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. In this study, we develop a watershed zonation approach for characterizing watershed organization and function in a tractable manner by integrating multiple spatial data layers. Recognizing the coupled ecohydrogeological-biogeochemical interactions that occur across bedrock through canopy compartments of a watershed, we hypothesize that (1) suites of above/belowground properties co-varying with each other, (2) hillslopes are representative units for capturing watershed-scale heterogeneity, (3) remote sensing data layers and clustering methods can be used to identify watershed hillslope zones having unique distributions of bedrock-through-canopy properties relative to neighboring parcels, and (4) property suites associated with the identified zones can be used to understand zone-based functions, such as response to early snowmelt or drought, and associated solute exports to the river. We demonstrate this concept using unsupervised clustering methods that synthesizes airborne remote sensing data (LiDAR, hyperspectral, and electromagnetic surveys) along with satellite and streamflow data collected in the East River Watershed, Crested Butte, Colorado, USA. Results show that, (1) hillslope-average elevation and slope are significantly correlated with near-surface bedrock electrical resistivity (top 20 m), (2) elevation and aspect are independent controls on plant and snow signatures, (3) the correlation between hillslope-averaged above- and below- ground properties are significantly higher than pixel-by-pixel correlation and (4) K-means, hierarchical clustering, and Gaussian mixture clustering methods generate similar zonation patterns across the watershed. Using independently collected data, it is shown that the identified zones provide information about zone-based watershed functions, including foresummer drought sensitivity and river nitrogen exports. The approach is expected to be extensible to other sites and generally useful for guiding the selection of hillslope experiment locations and informing model parameterization.
Using data assimilation to optimize pedotransfer functions using field-scale in situ soil moisture observations
Authors: Cooper Elizabeth , Blyth Eleanor , Cooper Hollie , Ellis Rich , Pinnington Ewan , Dadson Simon J.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Soil moisture predictions from land surface models are important in hydrological, ecological, and meteorological applications. In recent years, the availability of wide-area soil moisture measurements has increased, but few studies have combined model-based soil moisture predictions with in situ observations beyond the point scale. Here we show that we can markedly improve soil moisture estimates from the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model using field-scale observations and data assimilation techniques. Rather than directly updating soil moisture estimates towards observed values, we optimize constants in the underlying pedotransfer functions, which relate soil texture to JULES soil physics parameters. In this way, we generate a single set of newly calibrated pedotransfer functions based on observations from a number of UK sites with different soil textures. We demonstrate that calibrating a pedotransfer function in this way improves the soil moisture predictions of a land surface model at 16 UK sites, leading to the potential for better flood, drought, and climate projections.
Vertical-axis wind-turbine computations using a 2D hybrid wake actuator-cylinder model
Authors: Martinez-Ojeda Edgar Alejandro , Solorio Ordaz Francisco Javier , Sen Mihir
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The actuator-cylinder model was implemented in OpenFOAM by virtue of source terms in the Navier-Stokes equations. Since the stand-alone actuator cylinder is not able to properly model the wake of a vertical-axis wind turbine, the steady incompressible flow solver SimpleFoam provided by OpenFOAM was used to resolve the entire flow and wakes of the turbines. The source terms are only applied inside a certain region of the computational domain, namely a finite thickness cylinder which represents the flight path of the blades. One of the major advantages of this approach is its implicitness, that is, the velocities inside the hollow cylinder region feed the actuator-cylinder model, this in turn computes the volumetric forces and passes them to the OpenFOAM solver in order to be applied inside the hollow cylinder region. The process is repeated in each iteration of the solver until convergence is achieved. The hybrid RANS actuator-cylinder can be used to model a wind farm since a turbine is now able to take into account the effect of other wakes. The model was compared against numerical and experimental works, wake deficits and power coefficients are used in order to assess the validity of the model. Overall, there is a good agreement of the pattern of the power coefficients according to the positions of the turbines in the array. Wake patterns are also similar at certain distances downwind. The actual accuracy of the power coefficient depends strongly on the solidity of the turbine (actuator-cylinder related) and the inlet boundary turbulence intensity (RANS simulation related); a heuristic approach to correct the results of high-solidity turbines is presented for the case of a wind farm made of small-scale turbines. Thus this method can be used to quickly compute the power coefficients of low-solidity vertical-axis wind farms.
Ética en las organizaciones sindicales venezolanas: una mirada desde lo teórico-legal
Authors: Noroño Sánchez José Gregorio , Baquero Suarez Tania Marina , Vílchez Pirela Rafael , Soto Olga Lucía
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo de investigación analiza la ética desde los aspectos teóricos y legales en las organizaciones sindicales de Venezuela. Para ello, se consultaron los criterios de prestigiosos doctrinarios y la LOTTT (2012). Se hizo un recorrido por las principales dimensiones éticas donde hacen vida esta clase de organismos especialmente las fundadas en empresas privadas. La metodología aplicada en el presente estudio se sustenta dentro del método cualitativo, se hace igualmente uso del análisis crítico, aplicando la hermenéutica como base de las interpretaciones. Entretanto, se demuestra que existen suficientes elementos, tanto teóricos como legales, para fomentar la conducta ejemplar por parte de estas organizaciones de representación colectiva. Las principales conclusiones están enfocadas en la construcción y transformación del comportamiento ético que deben desplegar las organizaciones sindicales a los fines de cumplir con sus propósitos legales en beneficio de sus agremiados, así mismo, se hace un esbozo del aspecto teórico de la legislación aplicable con el propósito de evidenciar sus interacciones naturales y como subyacen en sus diferentes contextos éticos.
Planificación estratégica situacional: Un proceso metódico-práctico
Authors: Gutiérrez Silva José Manuel , Romero Borré Jenny , Hernández Fernández Lissette
Published: May 2021

La planificación situacional asume la crítica de la planificación tradicional, por su incapacidad de producir cambios, siendo de auto referencia del hombre de acción, que en última instancia debe resolver problemas complejos, mostrando entonces una herramienta de conducción o gobierno del proceso social en todas sus dimensiones. Bajo estas consideraciones, el presente artículo analiza el modelo metódico-práctico de la planificación estratégica situacional. Teóricamente se fundamentó en Matus (1987), Alizo (2005), Alizo (2020), Zambrano (2006), entre otros. La naturaleza de la investigación es de carácter descriptivo, con un enfoque analítico, cuya fuente de información es de tipo documental. Se evidencia luego de la discusión de los diferentes momentos por los que atraviesa el modelo (explicativo, normativo, estratégico y táctico-operacional), que este tipo de planificación toma atención en el “ser”, más no en el “debe ser”, siendo más que un simple proceso, en el cual se deben establecer metas y objetivos que tienen que ser cumplidos durante períodos específicos, con el propósito de alcanzar la situación futura planeada. Por ello, constituye una herramienta indispensable para cualquier tipo de organización y de ejercicio para la alta gerencia.
Minería del cobre en Perú: análisis de las variables exógenas y endógenas para gestionar su desarrollo
Authors: Andújar-Palao José Miguel , Ormachea-Hermoza Rodrigo , Ruiz-Ruiz Marcos Fernando , Chirinos-Cuadros Carlos Ricardo
Published: May 2021

A pesar de tener una economía emergente, Perú es uno de los principales productores cupríferos del mundo, sosteniendo gran parte de su desarrollo sobre la base de esta industria. En tal sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el sistema industrial de la minería de cobre en Perú a partir de sus variables exógenas y endógenas. Con ayuda de un diseño exploratorio y descriptivo, se realizó un análisis estructural (técnica de la prospectiva estratégica francesa) con la participación de un panel de 20 expertos conocedores de la industria minera y de la herramienta Matriz de Impactos Cruzados y Multiplicación Aplicada a una Clasificación. Los resultados identificaron como variables clave al atractivo de inversión, a los conflictos socioambientales y al manejo político; los cuales representan el carácter exógeno de la industria cuprífera peruana. Variables endógenas al sistema, como la eficiencia productiva, la logística del transporte, la generación de empleos y el suministro de energía; se caracterizaron como exclusivamente dependientes de la evolución de las variables exógenas mencionadas. Este estudio constituye un punto de partida importante para la gestión de posibles escenarios futuros de la minería de cobre en Perú; así como para la inversión en su desarrollo económico, social y ambiental a nivel local y regional.
Emprendimiento como práctica colectiva en la región de los Lagos
Authors: Alarcón González Ulises , Ochoa-Arias Alejandro
Published: May 2021

El emprendimiento constituye una de las estrategias para la incorporación del ser humano en los procesos productivos. Su auge en el presente ha venido de la mano de los procesos de reforma de la política previsional en occidente y el sostenido deterioro de las formas laborales industriales. Pero es también, el resultado de los procesos de creatividad e innovación que se hacen cada vez más comunes en la sociedad contemporánea. En este estudio se explora el emprendimiento como una práctica colectiva al investigar la experiencia de un grupo de emprendedores en un espacio común compartido para el desarrollo de sus emprendimientos. El estudio se desarrolló desde una perspectiva de la investigación-acción, en la ciudad de Puerto Montt, al sur de Chile en el espacio turístico denominado “Pueblito Melipulli”. El caso de estudio despliega el proceso de aprendizaje de técnicas y estrategias para agregar valor a la actividad micro emprendedora de carácter artesanal y autóctona. Durante este proceso se obtuvieron hallazgos sobre los obstáculos y posibilidades de su desarrollo al albor de entender una posibilidad de emprendimiento como práctica colectiva. Entre ellos, la necesidad de reconocerse como comunidad que aprende, la construcción colectiva del entorno de su emprendimiento y la autoestima. Se concluye mostrando la resiliencia de los emprendedores fundada en la práctica proactiva de construir un horizonte de expectativa colectivo que se espera sea el aprendizaje central para sus próximas acciones colectivas y la sustentabilidad del emprendimiento en el futuro inmediato.
Clima organizacional y motivación laboral como insumos para planes de mejora institucional
Authors: Macías García Eva Katherine , Vanga Arvelo María Giuseppina
Published: May 2021

En las instituciones, no solo se generan lazos laborales sino también del tipo social y afectivo que, aunado a las jornadas laborales extensas, hacen que de manera imperiosa se requiera de un ambiente laboral propicio, seguro y confortable. El objetivo de esta investigación es el de hacer un diagnóstico situacional basado en los docentes de la carrera de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí, mediante una investigación de campo, con enfoque cuantitativo y muestreo censal, para la aplicación de un cuestionario cuyos resultados fueron analizados bajo la técnica de semaforización; se determinaron dimensiones como clima organizacional referido a lo externo del trabajador y la motivación laboral referido a lo interno. Los resultados muestran que hay deficiencias asociadas al clima organizacional, pero que estas no influyen en la motivación de los trabajadores. Se concluye que los diagnósticos realizados a las organizaciones deben servir de insumos para la elaboración de planes de mejora que se centren en los aspectos desfavorables encontrados. Se recomienda que estos planes se constituyan en acciones inmediatas, a corto, mediano, y largo plazo según los resultados y que se mantengan incluso aquellos aspectos encontrados en estado óptimo.
Gestión de servicio basada en programación neurolingüística en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Romero Chacín Jorge Luis , Romero Parra Rosario Mireya , Barboza Arenas Luis Andrés , Faría Romero José Antonio
Published: May 2021

El actual artículo se desarrolla con la finalidad de analizar los efectos de la gestión de servicio basada en la programación neurolingüística en la atención de los clientes en tiempos de pandemia. La investigación se fundamenta en método y técnicas experimentales, desarrollando un diseño pre-experimental. Las muestras están representadas por 24 empleados y 369 suscriptores de la empresa Electricidad del Perú (Electroperú) del distrito de San Juan de Miraflores del Perú. Con relación al procedimiento estadístico, se empleó la Presentación SPSS, efectuando el estudio de forma inferencial, identificándose las medias aritméticas, además se empleó la T de Student para precisar el grado de significancia, con las derivaciones que se obtengan del pre - test y post – test. Se diseñó y ejecutó un cuestionario, para determinar la confiabilidad del instrumento se logró con el coeficiente alfa Cronbach de 0,86. Los resultados en la estructura de los indicadores de la gestión de servicio antes y después del tratamiento, indican diferencias altamente significativas entre ellos, debido a que los valores de T computados presentan niveles de significancia por debajo de 0,01.
E-Gobierno local en México en tiempos de Covid-19
Authors: Carrera Mora Oscar Yahevh , Villafuerte Valdés Luis Fernando , Romero León Daniel Arturo , Reyes Mendoza Selene
Published: May 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de los factores suficiencia y eficiencia de los sitios web de e-servicios a nivel municipal (local) en la intención de uso por parte de los ciudadanos. Para comprobar la hipótesis se aplicó una encuesta con 12 reactivos divida en tres bloques con preguntas diseñadas a través de una escala Likert de 5 grados, el análisis de datos se aplicó utilizando un análisis descriptivo, de regresión lineal y correlación de Pearson. El instrumento se aplicó a ciudadanos del Estado de Veracruz, México durante los inicios de la pandemia COVID-19. Los resultados indican que existe una correlación positiva entre los factores suficiencia y eficiencia con la intención de uso, permitiendo señalar que la perspectiva del ciudadano se ve motivada por la suficiencia y la eficiencia que le representan los sitios web de e-gobierno.
Hacia una comprensión conceptual del emprendimiento verde
Authors: Pertuz Vanessa , Francisco Miranda Luis , Sánchez Buitrago Jorge Oswaldo
Published: May 2021

Existe una tendencia creciente hacia la creación de negocios verdes, como respuesta a los problemas ambientales. Sin embargo, la literatura destaca la necesidad de comprender mejor este tipo de emprendimientos. En ese orden de ideas, el presente trabajo analiza la literatura científica relacionada con el emprendimiento verde desde dos perspectivas: individual y empresarial. Primero, se describen las tendencias en este campo de investigación considerado como emergente y luego se realiza un análisis de contenido para identificar los principales dominios temáticos. Esta revisión sistemática exploratoria incluye 18 artículos empíricos publicados entre 2010 y 2020 e indexados en la base de datos Scopus. Los resultados indican que, desde la perspectiva empresarial, la literatura se enfoca principalmente en el análisis de los facilitadores, las prácticas y las condiciones para el desarrollo de emprendimientos verdes. Por otra parte, desde la perspectiva individual, los estudios abordan la intención emprendedora. Adicionalmente, se encontró que ambas perspectivas analizan la relación entre el emprendimiento verde y la innovación.
Gestión de riesgo de desastres en el marco de la cultura preventiva
Authors: Barra Bello Tamara Carolina , Salvatierra Melgar Angel , Candia Haro Isaac Moisés , Vargas-Vargas Gautama
Published: May 2021

Enfrentarse al problema ambiental que vive el planeta, es uno de los retos más grandes al garantizar la permanencia del ser humano, según lo expresado en la Conferencia Científica de las Naciones Unidas, también conocida como la Primera Cumbre para la Tierra; la gestión de riesgos estratégicamente planificada y aplicada, allana el camino para obtener una ventaja competitiva y una ventaja decisiva para las organizaciones públicas. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la gestión de riesgo de desastres en el macro de la cultura preventiva desde las experiencias vividas de los trabajadores de un hospital público de Lima. El presente estudio se enmarca en el paradigma interpretativo bajo un enfoque cualitativo, en cuanto al diseño de investigación, Hernández & Mendoza (2018) lo enmarcan dentro del diseño fenomenológico interpretativo al describir, explorar, pero sobre todo al comprender el contexto en el cual se desarrolla la investigación debido a la flexibilidad del proceso que se va adaptando a cada realidad, la unidad de análisis fueron 10 colaboradores de la brigada del hospital. Los resultados indican que la cultura preventiva incide de forma positiva en los trabajadores del hospital público; impactando la prevención positivamente no solo en la limitación de la gravedad de los daños que produzca el desastre, sino también en la capacidad de recuperación que tendrá el hospital una vez producido el evento. Los colaboradores del hospital desconocen cómo actuar frente a un desastre natural por la falta de capacitación sobre las medidas de prevención de riesgo para mejorar las capacidades de respuesta ante eventos adversos.
O ensino em tempos de isolamento social: percepção de docentes de um curso de formação de professores
Authors: Menezes Jones Baroni Ferreira de Menezes , Moura Francisco Nunes de Sousa
Published: May 2021

Esta investigação objetiva compreender, sob a ótica de docentes vinculados a um curso de formação de professores, o desenrolar das atividades letivas através do ensino remoto. Deste modo, a pesquisa caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso exploratório, descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, tendo docentes de um curso de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas como participantes. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário on-line e analisados de modo descritivo, categorizados e interpretados conforme preconizado por Bardin (2011). Os participantes elencaram a diversidade de recursos didáticos, flexibilidade de tempo e espaço das aulas como benefícios do ensino remoto, contudo, a inabilidade do uso dos recursos tecnológicos, a falta de apoio institucional, as dificuldades de acesso a equipamentos e a internet prejudicam a efetividade desta prática educativa. Deste modo, os docentes reconhecem a importância das tecnologias educacionais, todavia alertam para as adversidades que podem ampliar a desigualdade de acesso ao ensino, singularmente neste período de distanciamento social.
Possibilidades e desafios no trabalho docente em tempos de pandemia: uma experiência significativa na Faculdade do Nordeste da Bahia
Authors: De Souza Jose Batista , De Melo Daniele Santana de Melo , Souza Suely Cristina Silva
Published: May 2021

A pandemia da Covid-19 tem sido alvo de preocupações de diversos setores sociais, a exemplo da educação. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar como a Faculdade do Nordeste da Bahia tem se reinventado para superar as barreiras do distanciamento físico e a criatividade do seu corpo docente para ofertar aos licenciandos um processo formativo mais qualificado até o retorno das aulas presenciais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, envolvendo professores do curso de Pedagogia, no período de 26 de março a 10 de junho de 2020. O aporte teórico utilizado conta com Moran (2003), Santos (2005), Schlemmer e Moreira (2020), Silva (2008), Silveira (2001), entre outros. Apesar de preliminares, os resultados têm apontado a criatividade dos professores e uma preocupação maior com o uso das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação - TDIC em favor do ensino.
LA INSPECCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN EN LA LOMLOE:
NOVEDADES Y PERMANENCIAS RESPECTO A LA LOE.
Authors: Marrodán Gironés Jesús A.
Published: May 2021

La promulgación de la Ley Orgánica de Mejora de la Ley Orgánica de
Educación (LOMLOE) el pasado 30 de diciembre de 2020 ha puesto en
marcha numerosos cambios en el sistema educativo español que se
implantarán ellos dos próximos años El objetivo del presente artículo es
exponer los cambios introducidos en la citada ley orgánica que afecta a la
inspección de educación en sus diferentes ámbitos.
Hyperinflammation Syndrome in COVID-19 Disease: Pathogenesis and Potential Immunomodulatory Agents
Authors: Hidayat Moulid , Handayani Diah , Nurwidya Fariz , Laksmi Andarini Sita
Published: May 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has affected millions of people in the world. The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 disease are tightly influenced by the host immune response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. In some condition, the immune response might be uncontrolled, giving rise to hyperinflammatory conditions marked by excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines (cytokine storms) in severe COVID-19 patients, which then can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiorgan failure, and death. Furthermore, treatment using immunomodulator agents including immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive agents can be an option in achieving successful treatment. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of the disease, including host immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, and immune mechanisms which contribute to the disease severity and death as well as several potential immunomodulatory agents which can be used in the management of hyperinflammatory syndrome of severe COVID-19.
巨无霸指数与购买力平价理论的相关研究
Authors: 严 佳怡
Published: May 2021

《经济学人》每年会发布两次巨无霸指数，从这些数据来分析出人民币和其他汇率之间的关系，分析相比较来说是高估还是低估。本文基于巨无霸指数，在购买力平价基础上比较人民币与其他货币之间的关系。由于巨无霸指数受到多种因素的影响，在实际数据上会有较大偏差，本文结合实际影响巨无霸指数的一些因素，分析巨无霸指数出现偏差的原因。
以巨无霸指数显示一带一路国与非一带一路国的实质汇率差异
Authors: 刘 晓阳
Published: May 2021

麦当劳遍布全球五大洲119个国家，拥有约32,000间分店，其在各个国家中均推出符合当地特色的美食，但是巨无霸汉堡总是出现在每一家麦当劳的菜单中。从1986年开始，《经济学人》杂志每一年都会推出一个巨无霸指数，其目的是以一个巨无霸汉堡的价格来观察国家和国家之间的货币汇率是否合理。在一带一路的大背景下，中国与参与一带一路的国家贸易联系愈发紧密，人民币在相关国家的地位也逐步上升，在巨无霸指数下应能体现。本文引入20002020年的原始巨无霸指数与经GDP调整过的巨无霸指数，比较在美元和人民币作为基础货币下，一带一路国与非一带一路国实质汇率的差异。
INEXISTÊNCIA JURÍDICA CONSTITUCIONAL ENTRE HOMENS E MULHERES.
Authors: GOMES ALEXANDRE MARCOS MENDES
Published: May 2021

Este artigo analisa o rompimento do paradigma que está dogmatizado no nosso sistema jurídico e refletindo na nossa sociedade sob a perspectiva de que somente as mulheres são vítimas passivas do crime de estupro. O estudo, nesse trabalho, é ponderado no ponto de vista de que as mulheres podem ser também autora (literalmente falando do polo ativo) do crime de estupro e o homem a vítima passiva; repercutindo assim, obrigações no mundo jurídico e financeiro ao genitor violentado. Entende-se que essa situação ao qual leva a pessoa do sexo masculino a ser a vítima de estupro envolve uma questão de tratamento isonômico à vítima feminina que repercute nos ramos do direito constitucional, humanos, civil, penal, econômico-financeiro e a qual não corresponde a nenhuma tipificação ainda existente nas então vigentes legislações brasileira.
SOBRE CONTEÚDO INDÍGENA PRESENTE NOS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS PARA ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL II NO BRASIL:
Authors: CARVALHO SUANE SOUZA
Published: May 2021

O presente estudo é o desdobramento do projeto de pesquisa[1]denominado “Rurue rabi” iniciado em 2016 voltado para temática indígena. O tema de estudo deste projeto em 2017 foi conteúdo indígena na escola pública brasileira. A partir do tema proposto iniciou-se a análise detalhada da Coleção “Português Linguagens”, que corresponde à coleção desta área do saber que teve a maior quantidade de exemplares distribuída na rede pública de ensino em 2017 através do Fundo Nacional do Livro Didático - FNDE e do Programa Nacional do Livro e Material Didático - PNDL. A metodologia utilizada baseia-se no levantamento quantitativo de palavras, termos e imagens relacionados aos povos originários encontradas nos livros didáticos que compõem tal coleção, portanto o caráter inovador do trabalho reside na abordagem analítica detalhada e rigorosa dos livros referenciados acima, apresentando  resultados quantitativos. Tal estudo é inicial e serve de subsídio para uma discussão mais aprofundada sobre o conteúdo indígena presente ou ausente nestes livros, logo, este trabalho é introdutório, mas pela escassez de discussão referente ao tema, já serve como contribuição acadêmica. O referencial teórico utilizado estende-se a partir de textos normativos, passando por documentos do Ministério da Educação - MEC e o próprio objeto de pesquisa (livros didáticos) que também compõe o referencial, além dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais – PCN’S. Em decorrência da análise minuciosa do material pesquisado, necessário se fez elaborar tabelas explicativas com os dados encontrados. Esta produção é permeada de interdisciplinaridade, pois transita nas áreas: educacional - seja ela pedagógica, didática ou de formação de professores -  e na interface com Língua Portuguesa. Os resultados obtidos apontam para a parca visibilidade da temática indígena na escola brasileira em Língua Portuguesa, levando em consideração que nosso vocabulário miscigenado contém expressiva contribuição dos povos indígenas, seja na nomeação de objetos, seja no folclore ou ainda em nomes próprios e de localidades. A presença da contribuição linguística indígena para o português do Brasil é bastante significativa no cotidiano  e deve ser em igual medida estudada nas escolas como elemento formador da cultura brasileira.  Esses resultados alertam para a necessidade de discussão mais ampla sobre a inserção do conteúdo indígena nos livros didáticos. Tais resultados impulsionam os pesquisadores a seguirem para a segunda etapa da pesquisa, qual seja, a análise qualitativa dos achados.
Decreasing Incidence of Gestational Choriocarcinoma in Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital, South- East Nigeria: A 7-Year Review
Authors: Onuegbunam Nweze Sylvester , Nwaeze Ezenwaeze Malachy , Agina Igwe Samuel
Published: May 2021

Gestational choriocarcinoma (GCC) is a highly malignant but rare tumour originating in the trophoblastic tissue. It is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality especially when there is a delay in diagnosis and treatment. This is the only female malignant condition that is curable with chemotherapy following early treatment. The objective of this study was to retrospectively determining the incidence of choriocarcinoma, its clinical presentations, risk factors, the interval between the antecedent case and time of diagnosis, treatment options and outcome in ESUT-TH. The folders of patients treated for GCC over the period of the study served as source of data. Results showed that the incidence of GCC was 0.1% or 1 in 1731 deliveries. It further shows that GCC accounted for 0.2% of gynaecological admission in ESUT-TH. Abnormal bleeding per vaginum and amenorrhoea were the commonest presenting symptoms discovered in this study, while other clinical presentations noted include; isolated vaginal nodule, ovarian mass and haemoptysis. Molar gestation and miscarriage were the risk factors discovered in this study, lungs were discovered to be the commonest site of metastasis. It is concluded that gestational choriocarcinoma is a rare malignancy in ESUT-TH, South-East Nigeria with minor case fatality.

Keywords: Gestational, Choriocarcinoma, incidence.
Construcción de paz desde las empresas: el papel de la RSE en contextos de postconflicto
Authors: Bedoya Cristian
Published: May 2021

Los contextos de postconflicto demandan de diversos actores y acciones para construir la paz, resolver las consecuencias del conflicto y generar agendas para garantizar su no repetición. Entre estos actores se encuentran las empresas que, gracias a sus capacidades institucionales, pueden llevar a cabo una variedad de acciones y prácticas orientadas a la construcción de paz. En el presente artículo se desarrolla una reflexión teórica sobre las apuestas que las empresas pueden emprender desde la rse para los contextos de postconflicto.  Para ello, la reflexión presenta una revisión de la literatura académica sobre empresas y construcción de paz. 
Abstract
Post-conflict contexts demand various actors and actions to build peace, resolve the consequences of the conflict and generate agendas to ensure non-repetition. Among these actors are companies that, thanks to their institutional capacities, can carry out a variety of actions and practices aimed at building peace. This article develops a theoretical reflection on the bets that companies can undertake from CSR for post-conflict contexts.
Creación artística: el artista y la comunidad
Authors: Tafur Paola Andrea
Published: May 2021

La intención de este texto es reconocer diversos escenarios, épocas y obras artísticas específicas que permiten una aproximación a distintas maneras en que algunos artistas plásticos y visuales se desligaron de los procesos creativos individuales convencionales y eligieron actos artísticos colectivos. Se orienta a señalar el sentido de ruptura y desobediencia que asumen los artistas en sistemas culturales tradicionales, lo cual, lleva a identificar estrategias empleadas para generar experiencias estéticas, desarrollar conocimiento y legitimar obras mediante procesos creativos participativos, que permitan, seguir algunas premisas históricas globales y locales con el fin de analizar actos creativos que surgen entre el artista y la comunidad necesarios para el desarrollo del proyecto de investigación titulado Prácticas y saberes comunitarios para la creación artística. 
Abstract
The intention of this text is to recognize various scenarios, epochs, geographies and specific artistic works, which allow an approach to various ways in which some visual and plastic artists separated them selves from conventional individual creative processes and chose collective artistic acts. It aims at pointing out the sense of rupture and disobedience assumed by artists in traditional cultural systems, and, which entails identifying strategies used to generate aes thetic experiences, develop knowledge and legitimize works through creative participatory processes, which allows following some historical premises to try to answer: how can we analyze the creative acts that arise collectively between artist and community?, a concern that arises in the framework of the research project entitled: Community practices and knowledge for artistic creation.
Analysing the decision making for agricultural risk assessment: An application of extreme value theory
Authors: Riaman Riaman , Sukono Sukono , Supian Sudradjat , Ismail Noriszura
Published: May 2021

As the most contributed sectors in agriculture, rice farming is facing various risks, namely uncertainty such as crop failure caused by climate change, including air temperature, weather, rainfall and others. Indonesia is categorised as an agricultural country with a tropical climate. By this season, the farmers can plant the rice. Rice farming is currently an inseparable part of most agricultural societies in Indonesia, especially in West Java. However, changes in air temperature, weather and annual rainfall, can increase the uncertainty and upward the risk of crop failure. Thus, the current study seeks to investigate the decision making for agricultural risk assessment (climate variable) through the formulation of a risk model for agricultural insurance in Indonesia. This study utilised the climate variables, which consist of air temperature, wind speed, maximum and minimum temperatures, and rainfall. For determining the magnitude of risk, we applied the Block Maxima method and Peak Over Threshold. The results of this study found that the highest risk of losses occurred in November, December, January, February and March with a value of 0.17485.
An EOQ model with stepwise ordering cost and the finite planning horizon under carbon cap-and-trade regulations
Authors: Chen Tzu-Chia , Yu Shu-Yan
Published: May 2021

In this study, under the carbon cap-and-trade mechanism, the ordering cost presents a stepwise function for ordering quantity, and the optimal economic ordering quantity model aims to explore the manufacturer's total cost minimization in the finite planning horizon, in combination with the actual situation that the product will produce carbon emissions during transportation and storage. The economic order quantity (EOQ) model with stepwise ordering cost is applicable to the decision environment in which goods are utilized by sea, by rail or by air (e.g., the order cost is charged in addition to the basic fixed cost, the importer of raw materials will pay an additional freight related to delivery, such as the rent for the use of container numbers.). A heuristic algorithm is also proposed to analyze the relevant properties of the optimal solution of the model and to solve the optimal order times and quantities of the manufacturer under the constraint of carbon policy.We further compared the optimal order times with the case without carbon constraint and the order times corresponding to the manufacturer's realization of the minimum carbon emission, and obtained the conditions for the manufacturer to achieve low cost and low emission under the carbon policy.Finally, the theoretical results of the model are verified by numerical examples,and the influence of relevant parameters on the inventory strategy of manufacturers is discussed. The results show that under the carbon cap-and-trade policy, there is an optimal ordering strategy that minimizes the total cost of the manufacturer in the finite horizon. When the demand of the manufacturer is under finite horizon and the carbon policy is equal to the specific multiplier of orders, the manufacturer can achieve a win-win result of low cost and low emissions.
A fuzzy-set approach for multiple criteria decision making in sustainable consumption of organic food
Authors: Huynh Thi Thuy Giang , Luu Tien Dung , Phung Tuan Thanh
Published: May 2021

The study proposes a set of enablers of the consumer sustainable organic food consumption and detects the interrelationship between these attributes. This paper adopts the fuzzy set theory and decision-making trial and evaluation to explore the interrelationship between attributes, including consumer demographic aspect, psychological aspect, social-level aspect and stakeholder impact being explained through 13 criteria and being assessed by experts in the industry. The findings show that stakeholder impact and demographic aspect belong to a causal group and impact the other two aspects. The six most important attributes affecting sustainable consumption of organic foods are support and guidance from government support, mass media, education and research institutions, educational level, income status and consumer age. The study grants an alternative approach for sustainable consumption theory through providing a fuzzy-set theory for multiple criteria decisions making in sustainable consumption of organic food.
Determination of the palm based biodiesel policy integration model as a renewable energy commodity
Authors: Zafriana Lusi , Marjono Marjono , Qurbani Indah Dwi , Sugiono Sugiono
Published: May 2021

The increase in economic activity in the industrial sector and the rapid growth of the world population have stimulated an increase in energy demand. In 2004, Indonesia earned the status of a net importer of oil so that it becomes a challenge for the Indonesian government in developing the use of renewable energy to achieve ideal conditions for national energy security. Indonesia has the potential for large amounts of renewable energy sources, one of which is palm-based biodiesel. The mandatory biodiesel policy program was implemented in 2008 with a biodiesel content of 2.5% and gradually until 2019 with a biodiesel content of 30% (B30). The mandatory biodiesel policy is closely related to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the concept of maintaining the balance of Trilemma Energi. The current energy management and utilization policies in Indonesia continue to increase in line with modern life consumption patterns that require a more environmentally friendly energy variable for energy absorption in Indonesia, especially renewable energy. The purpose of this research is to determine the integration model of palm-based biodiesel policy as a renewable energy commodity to support energy security. This study uses several strategic frameworks by combining a quantitative approach through the perspective of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and measuring the technology coefficient using the Technology Contribution Coefficient (TCC), as well as a qualitative approach with the Business Model Canvas (BMC) and the design of the Omnibus Law. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Expert Opinion (EO) which were validated by Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) using a sample of 40 respondents from related agencies. The results showed that based on the SEM-PLS validation of 20 BSC perspective variables, two invalid variables were obtained, namely the variable efficiency port service cost and value-added creation which had a P value> 0.05. Meanwhile, Indonesia's TCC score is quite high, namely 0.787, which means that Indonesia is quite aggressive in developing biodiesel and its policies. Based on the results of the FGD expert, it was obtained that the BMC initiates the helicopters to view current biodiesel developments. And 10 regulations have been drafted into a proposed draft Omnibus Law through an action plan.
The issue in Indonesian palm oil stock decision making: Sustainable and risk criteria
Authors: Suroso Arif Imam , Tandra Hansen , Syaukat Yusman , Najib Mukhamad
Published: May 2021

The palm oil industry has a strategic role in economic development in Indonesia, especially in alleviating poverty and creating other businesses that can support the industry. Operational activities in the palm oil industry are closely related to environmental issues (deforestation, land-use change, and air pollution) and social conflict. The certification program is an effort for the palm oil industry to implement sustainable development. The certified palm oil industry will increase industrial profitability in the long run to increase investor interest in the future. The decision to choose palm oil industry stocks that carry out sustainable practices and generate maximum returns is an exciting issue, but how investors can choose the right stocks and the minimum risk level. This study aims to apply the decision-making model to choose the optimal stock in the palm oil industry, which involves sustainable certification and risk criteria. The method used in this study was the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) based on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) data. Determinants of stock selection decisions from previous research are considered criteria for decision making. Through the PROMETHEE method, a list of the rankings of the oil palm industry shares can be generated. The sustainable certification and risk criteria can be used as a reference for relevant stakeholders such as investors. Further studies need to be developed by adding non-financial criteria in the firm and developing the criteria to differentiate each other.
A single machine multi-job integer batch scheduling problem with multi due date to minimize total actual flow time
Authors: Yusriski Rinto , Astuti Budi , Biksono Damawijaya , Wardani Tika Ayu
Published: May 2021

This research deals with a multi-job Integer batch scheduling problem on a single machine with different due dates. Every job demanded one or more parts, and the single machine processed the job into a number of batches. The objective is to minimize total actual flow time, defined as the total flow time of all jobs starting from the arrival to the common due date. The decisions are to determine the sequence of jobs, the number of batches, batch size, and sequence of all batches on a single machine. This research proposes three algorithms, developed based on the longest due date rule (The P1-LDD Algorithm), the adjacent pairwise interchange method (The P2-API Algorithm), and the permutation method (The P3-PM Algorithm). The numerical experience shows that the three algorithms produce an outstanding solution. The P1-LDD Algorithm fits to solve a simple problem. The P2-API Algorithm has superior to solve a big complicated problem. The P3-PM Algorithm has the best performance to solve small complicated problems.
A fuzzy optimization approach to strategic organ transplantation network design problem: A real case study
Authors: Rouhani Samira , Pishvaee Mir Saman , Zarrinpoor Naeme
Published: May 2021

Designing an efficient supply chain for organ transplant networks which is intimately related to humans’ life plays a primary role in improving the network’s performance. This research is focused on proposing a new multi-period location-allocation modeling approach to make appropriate strategic decisions for designing organ transplant networks under supply and budget uncertainties. To serve this purpose, a bi-objective possibilistic programming model is formulated the aim of which is to maximize network responsiveness and minimize the total cost. A fuzzy goal programming approach is adopted to solve multiple objective function models and control their deviations from the corresponding aspiration levels. As an important contribution of this study, the chance of success of transplantation processes is taken into consideration by proposing appropriate utility functions according to transportation criteria. Moreover, for the purpose of coping with the inherent uncertainty of the input parameters, a possibilistic programming model based on Me measure converted to three optimistic, realistic and pessimistic models is developed. Three new formulations have also been developed to tackle equality chance constraints. Finally, the optimal solutions of the developed models are analyzed through conducting a real case study in Iran. According to the results, for the considered organ transplant network, the possibilistic programming model based on the realistic measure is better than the optimistic and pessimistic measure in most confidence levels.
Nontraditional Machining Process In Healthcare Applications
Authors: DELİCE Elif , TURAN Başak , HİMTAŞ Azize , TOZAN Hakan , KARADAYI Melis Almula
Published: May 2021

Although continuous progress in technical advancement, the conventional machining process has became unsatisfactory in healthcare due to its disadvantages. This inadequacy has led researches to consider using the application of nontraditional machining that can machine extremely hard and brittle materials into complicated shapes in healthcare. Researches have proved that diverse NTM applications of Water Jet Machining (WJM), Ultrasonic Machining (USM), Laser Beam Machining (LBM), Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) and Electrocautery are appropriated in manufacturing medical devices and implants for many different fields due to their several advantages. Tissue cutting operations are one of the fields where NTM technologies are widely used. In this review study, firstly, seven NTM technologies were investigated and represented with details to decide most suitable technologies for healthcare field. After this investigation, a literature study was conducted by focusing on WJM, LBM and Electrocautery device that are the most convenient using in tissue cutting operations in healthcare. For this review, 38 articles that have been studied after 2004 classified for the most popular 3 technology in this area, which are WJM, LBM and Electrocautery device.