bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comorbidities in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Their Association with Patient-reported Outcomes: Results of Claims Data Linked to Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Luque Ramos Andres , Redeker Imke , Hoffmann Falk , Callhoff Johanna , Zink Angela , Albrecht Katinka
Published: January 2019

Objective.

To investigate the prevalence of comorbidities in a population-based cohort of persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to matched controls and to examine their association with patient-reported outcomes in a survey sample.

Methods.

Data of 96,921 persons with RA [International Classification of Diseases, 10th ed (ICD-10) M05/M06] and 484,605 age- and sex-matched controls without RA of a German statutory health fund were studied regarding 26 selected comorbidities (ICD-10). A self-reported questionnaire, comprising joint counts [(tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC)], functional status (Hannover Functional Ability Questionnaire), effect of the disease (Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact of Disease), and well-being (World Health Organization 5-item Well-Being Index; WHO-5) was sent to a random sample of 6193 persons with RA, of whom 3184 responded. For respondents who confirmed their RA (n = 2535), associations between comorbidities and patient-reported outcomes were analyzed by multivariable linear regression.

Results.

Compared to controls, all investigated comorbidities were more frequent in persons with RA (mean age 63 yrs, 80% female). In addition to cardiovascular risk factors, the most common were osteoarthritis (44% vs 21%), depression (32% vs 20%), and osteoporosis (26% vs 9%). Among the survey respondents, 87% of those with 0–1 comorbidity but only 77% of those with ≥ 8 comorbidities were treated by rheumatologists. Increasing numbers of comorbidities were associated with poorer values for TJC, SJC, function, and WHO-5.

Conclusion.

Compared to a matched population, persons with RA present with increased prevalence of numerous comorbidities. Patients with RA and multimorbidity are at risk of insufficient rheumatological care and poorer patient-reported outcomes.
Efficacy of Glucocorticoids and Calcineurin Inhibitors for Anti-aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Antibody–positive Polymyositis/dermatomyositis–associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Propensity Score–matched Analysis
Authors: Hozumi Hironao , Fujisawa Tomoyuki , Nakashima Ran , Yasui Hideki , Suzuki Yuzo , Kono Masato , Karayama Masato , Furuhashi Kazuki , Enomoto Noriyuki , Inui Naoki , Nakamura Yutaro , Mimori Tsuneyo , Suda Takafumi
Published: January 2019

Objective.

The optimal treatment strategy for anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibody–positive polymyositis/dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease (anti-ARS-PM/DM-ILD) is yet to be established. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of glucocorticoids and calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) in patients with ARS-PM/DM-ILD.

Methods.

Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates were retrospectively evaluated in 32 consecutive patients with ARS-PM/DM-ILD. Disease progression was defined as deterioration in PM/DM-ILD (including recurrence). Predictive factors associated with PFS were analyzed by Cox hazards analysis. The efficacy of first-line prednisolone (PSL) plus CNI therapy was compared with that of PSL monotherapy using propensity score–matched analysis.

Results.

Overall, 20 (62.5%) and 12 (37.5%) patients received first-line therapy with PSL + CNI and PSL, respectively. The 2-year PFS and 5-year survival rates in the overall cohort were 68.8% and 96.9%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, arterial oxygen pressure (HR 0.86) and PSL monotherapy (vs PSL + CNI; HR 7.29) showed an independent association with PFS. Baseline characteristics of propensity score-matched PSL + CNI and PSL groups were similar. The 2-year PFS rate was significantly higher in the matched PSL + CNI group than in the matched PSL group. All patients who experienced disease progression during first-line therapy were subsequently treated with second-line therapies. The 5-year survival rates of both the matched PSL + CNI and PSL groups were favorable.

Conclusion.

Propensity score–matched analysis demonstrated that first-line PSL + CNI therapy for patients with ARS-PM/DM-ILD significantly improved the PFS compared with PSL monotherapy, although there was no significant difference regarding longterm survival.
Report from the Hand Osteoarthritis Working Group at OMERACT 2018: Update on Core Instrument Set Development
Authors: Wittoek Ruth , Kroon Féline P.B. , Kundakci Burak , Abhishek Abhishek , Haugen Ida K. , Berenbaum Francis , Conaghan Philip G. , Ishimori Mariko L. , Smeets Wilma , van der Heijde Désirée , Kloppenburg Margreet
Published: January 2019

Objective.

To evaluate hand osteoarthritis tools for core instrument set development.

Methods.

For OMERACT 2018, a systematic literature review and advances in instrument validation were presented.

Results.

Visual analog and numerical rating scales were considered valuable for pain and patient’s global assessment, despite heterogeneous phrasing and missing psychometric evidence for some aspects. The Modified Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain scale was lacking evidence. The Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire had advantages above other pain/function questionnaires. The Hand Mobility in Scleroderma scale was valid, although responsiveness was questioned. Potential joint activity instruments were evaluated.

Conclusion.

The development of the core instrument set is progressing, and a research agenda was also developed.
The 2018 OMERACT Synovial Tissue Biopsy Special Interest Group Report on Standardization of Synovial Biopsy Analysis
Authors: Wechalekar Mihir D. , Najm Aurélie , Veale Douglas J. , Strand Vibeke
Published: January 2019

Objective.

The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) synovial tissue biopsy (STB) working group initiated an international effort to standardize STB analyses, define consensual items to inform treatment choices, and predict responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods.

(1) A Delphi survey to determine items for STB analyses. (2) A multicenter retrospective study of STB data in patients with RA posttreatment with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.

Results.

The Delphi survey identified 18 STB analyses items. Consensus on histological markers was achieved in the OMERACT 2018 SIG.

Conclusion.

Six markers were identified for examination in a multicenter study designed to define an OMERACT-endorsed set of STB markers to predict responses to treatment.
Yoga as a Treatment for Depression: Applications for Mental Health Practitioners
Authors: Nyer Maren , O'Hair Cayla M. , Hopkins Lindsey B. , Roberg Regina , Norton Richard , Streeter Chris
Published: January 2019

Yoga is an ancient mind-body philosophy from the East, commonly associated in the West with physical postures (asana), breath work (pranayama), and meditation. Empirical research has found generally positive effects, with yoga practice and interventions associated with reduced symptoms of depression. This article provides a brief introduction to yoga philosophy and an overview of the current empirical support for yoga as a treatment for depression. Yoga as a monotherapy versus treatment augmentation strategy, as well as potential physiological mechanisms of action and transdiagnostic use, are briefly addressed. Clinical considerations are also discussed from the perspective of the mental health clinician.

[
Psychiatr Ann.
2019;49(1):11–15.]
Combined Resection and Anterior Transposition of the Inferior Oblique Muscle for the Treatment of Moderate to Large Dissociated Vertical Deviation Associated With Inferior Oblique Muscle Overaction
Authors: Farvardin Majid , Attarzadeh Abbas
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of combined resection and anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle for the treatment of eyes with a moderate to large amount of dissociated vertical deviation (DVD; 10 or more PD) associated with overaction of the inferior oblique muscle.

Patients and Methods: Surgery was performed on 15 eyes of 9 patients with moderate to large DVD associated with overaciion of the inferior oblique muscle. The inferior oblique muscle was disinserted from the sclera and 4 mm of its distal end was resected. It was transposed to a position 1 mm anterior to the lateral border of the inferior rectus muscle insertion. The prism under cover test was used to measure the DVD. Overaction of the inferior oblique muscle was graded on a 4-point scale of 1+ to 4+. The surgical results were evaluated at 1 month and 1 year after surgery.

Results: Preoperativety, the mean DVD measured 16.6 PD. It had decreased to 1.3 PD 1 month after the operation and to 2.6 PD 1 year after the operation. Before the operation, 5 eyes had 4+ and 10 eyes had 3+ inferior oblique muscle overaction. One year after the operation, only 3 eyes had 1+ inferior oblique muscle overaction. None of the patients developed diplopia or hypotropia in the primary position. Mild limitation of elevation has been noticed in 20% of the eyes.

Conclusion: Combined resection and anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle is an effective treatment for moderate to large DVD associated with overaciion of the inferior oblique muscle.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2002;39:268-272.
Decreased Central Corneal Thickness in Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Evereklioglu Cem , Yilmaz Kutluhan , Bekir Necdet A
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: A cross-sectional, masked, case-control study was undertaken to investigate whether central corneal thickness is affected in children with Down syndrome and to focus on its clinical significance.

Participants and Methods: Twenty-eight children with Down syndrome (15 boys and 13 girls) aged 5 to 15 years and 20 age-matched and gendermatched healthy control subjects (1 1 boys and 9 girls) from a similar ethnic background were enrolled in the study. Central corneal thickness was measured by ultrasound pachymetry. Onfy the right eye of each child in each group was included in the statistical analysis. The Mann-Whitney U test was used and a P value of less than .05 was considered significant.

Results: The mean ages of the children with Down syndrome (9.28 ± 3.47 years) and the healthy control subjects (8.75 ± 3.30 years) were comparable (P > .05). Central corneal thickness values were below 500 µ?t? in 19 (67.8%) of the 28 children with Down syndrome, 4 of which were less than 450 µm. However, all central corneal thickness measurements in the control eyes were more than 500 µm. The mean central corneal thickness in the children with Down syndrome was significantly (P < .001 ) less (488.39 ± 39.87 µm) than that in the healthy control subjects (536.25 ± 20.70 µm). Mean keratometric values were significantly (P < .001) higher in the eyes of the children with Down syndrome (46.35 ± 1 .28 D) than in the eyes of the control subjects (43.32 ± 1.15 D).

Conclusions: Children with Down syndrome had a decreased central corneal thickness compared with healthy control subjects. Decreased central cornea! thickness may give an artificially low intraocular pressure measurement by applanation tonometry. Central corneal thickness must be considered when developing approaches for keratorefractive treatment of patients with Down syndrome.

J Pediatr Opthalmol Strabismus 2002;39:274-277.
An Italian Family Affected by Autosomal Dominant Microcephaly With Chorioretinal Degeneration
Authors: Simonelli Francesca , Testa Francesco , Nesti Anna , de Crecchio Giuseppe , Bifani Mario , Cavaliere Maria Luisa , Rinaldi Ernesto , Rinaldi Maria Michela
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: We studied an Italian family affected by the autosomal dominant form of microcephaly and Chorioretinal degeneration that was characterized by various degrees of clinical expression.

Methods: An ophthalmologic examination, including visual acuity, visual field testing, an electroretinogram, and fundus photography, and a neurologic examination, including neurodevelopmental status and neuroimaging studies, were performed for all subjects. Skeletal radiography, chromosome studies, and serologie investigations were also performed.

Results: In this family, only two of the six affected members had an association of microcephaly, myopia, and chorioretinal degeneration. The other family members showed microcephaly, slight mental retardation, and short stature, but not chorioretinopathy.

Conclusions: The significant finding in members from this dominant pedigree of microcephaly was the association of short stature and high myopia, heretofore seen only in families with recessive microcephaly. These findings could be useful for genetic counseling in the apparently isolated forms of microcephaly with chorioretinopathy.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2002;39:288292.
Long-Term Follow-Up of L-dopa Treatment in Children With Amblyopia
Authors: Leguire Lawrence E , Komaromy Kelly L , Nairus Theresa M , Rogers Gary L
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To assess regression of visual acuity in children who previously participated in three longitudinal studies of therapy with levodopa-carbidopa (L-dopa) plus occlusion for amblyopia.

Subjects and Methods: Thirty (91%) of 33 subjects contacted who participated in three similar 7-week, longitudinal dosing studies returned for follow-up. The three previous studies were undertaken approximately 27 (study 1 ), 2 1 (study 2), and 9 (study 3) months prior to this follow-up test session. All subjects received L-dopa for 7 weeks combined with part-time occlusion of the dominant eye after the termination of standard, occlusion only, therapy. Some subjects in study 2 received L-dopa without occlusion. Sixteen subjects with amblyopia who received occlusion only served as a control group.

Results: Subjects who received L-dopa plus occlusion demonstrated significant, but similar, amounts of regression of visual acuity from the end of their respective Ldopa studies to the follow-up test session. Subjects in study 1 regressed 1.3 lines, subjects in study 2 regressed 1.5 lines, and subjects in study 3 regressed 1.4 lines. The control group regressed, on average, 1 .1 lines. This was similar to the overall regression found in the groups receiving L-dopa plus occlusion. Subjects in study 2 who received L-dopa without occlusion regressed 2.1 lines, significantly more than the occlusion only group or the L-dopa plus occlusion group.

Conclusions: Children with amblyopia show similar amounts of regression of visual acuity after therapy with L-dopa plus occlusion and after therapy with occlusion only. Given that therapy with L-dopa plus occlusion initially improved visual acuity by approximately 1.7 lines following the termination of standard therapy, L-dopa plus occlusion may reset baseline visual acuity and lead to long-term improvement in visual acuity after recidivism.
Recession of the Inferior Rectus Muscle Under Topical Anesthesia in Thyroid Ophthalmopathy
Authors: Köse Süheyla , Üretmen Önder , Emre Sinan , Pamukcu Kemal
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the results of inferior rectus muscle recession with adjustable loop suture under topical anesthesia for vertical deviations secondary to thyroid ophthalmopathy.

Patients and Methods: Five patients with a vertical deviation greater than 1 5 PD and severe limitation of upgaze were enrolled in the study. Before proceeding with corrective strabismus surgery, we waited at least 6 months after stabilization of ocular alignment and norrnauzation of thyroid chemistries. All patients underwent inferior rectus muscle recession with adjustable loop suture under topical anesthesia. The posisurgical follow-up was at least 12 months.

Results: Preoperatively, the mean vertical deviation was 24 PD. At 1 year postoperatively, it had decreased to 2.4 PD. Two patients were orthotroptc and 3 patients had residual hypotropia ranging lrorn 2 to 6 PD. The limitation of upgaze was relieved significantly in the postoperative period. Two patients had minimal limitation of downgaze, but none cornplained of diplopia in the primary or reading positions. Surgery did not trigger a flare-up of orbital inflammation in the early postoperative period.

Conclusion: We advocate that recession of the inferior rectus muscle with adjustable loop suture under topical anesthesia is safe and effective in patients with thyroid ophthalmopathy.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2002;39:331-335.
Preliminary Results of Intraoperative Daunorubicin in Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Dadeya Subhash , Fatima Shibal
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intraoperative daunorubicin (0.02%) for patients with strabismus undergoing a second surgical procedure.

Patients and Methods: Twenty-four patients with strabismus undergoing a second surgical procedure were randomly divided into two groups. In group A, daunorubicin 0.02% was applied subconjunctivally over the surface of the muscle and bare sclera for 3 minutes by cellulose sponge and then washed off thoroughly. In group B, distilled water was applied for 3 minutes in place of daunorubicin after the removal of adhesions.

Results: Satisfactory alignment in primary position with improved ocular motility was obtained in 80% of the patients in group A compared with 40% of the patients in group B after 12 months of follow-up (P = .16).

Conclusion: We recommend intraoperative daunorubicin 0.02% for 3 minutes as an adjunct for better results in patients with strabismus undergoing a second surgical procedure.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2002;39:340344.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Duane's Retraction Syndrome
Authors: Ozkurt Huseyin , Basak M , Oral Y , Ozkurt Y
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The aim of this study was to visualize the subarachnoid portion of the nervus abducens by magnetic resonance imaging and to analyze whether aplasia of the nervus abducens is an etiologic factor in Duane's retraction syndrome.

Methods: We performed thin-sectioned magnetic resonance imaging across the brainstem level in 8 cases (11 eyes) that were clinically diagnosed as Duane's retraction syndrome. The same test was applied to 8 healthy control subjects to verify the accuracy of this technique.

Results: The nervus abducens on the affected side could not be observed in 6 (54.5%) of 11 eyes (8 cases) that were clinically diagnosed as having Duane's retraction syndrome. The nervus abducens was observed in 15 (94%) of 16 eyes that were screened as the control group.

Conclusions: The results showed that aplasia of the nervus abducens, although an important etiologic factor, is not the only factor responsible for the diagnosis of Duane's retraction syndrome.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2003;40:19-22.
Comparison of Anti-Emetic Effects of Ondansetron and Low-Dose Droperidol in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Bharti Neerja , Shende Dilip
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective: Strabismus surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. A dose of 150 µg/kg^sup -1^ of ondansetron has been found to be effective in reducing nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients. However, droperidol (20 to 75 µg/kg^sup -1^) has shown variable success with various side effects. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 25 µg/kg^sup -1^ of droperidol and compare it with that of 150 µg/kg^sup -1^ of ondansetron in pediatrie strabismus surgery.

Patients and Methods: After institutional approval and parental informed consent, 120 children aged 1 to 15 years were prospectively randomized into one of three groups. Croup 1 received normal saline (placebo), group 2 received 25 µg/kg^sup -1^ of droperidol, and group 3 received 150 µg/kg^sup -1^ of ondansetron after induction of anesthesia. Children were assessed postoperatively for the incidence and severity of vomiting, recovery from anesthesia, and analgesic requirement for 24 hours.

Results: There was a significant (P < .05) reduction in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the ondansetron (37.5%) and droperidol (30%) groups compared with the placebo (62.5%) group. The vomiting was also significantly less severe in these groups.

Conclusion: Doses of 25 µg/kg^sup -1^ of droperidol and 150 µg/kg^sup -1^ of ondansetron administered at induction of anesthesia are equally effective in reducing the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2003;40:23-26.
Subtenon Injection of Botulinum Toxin for Treatment of Traumatic Sixth Nerve Palsy
Authors: Kao Ling Yuh , Chao An Ning
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Subtenon injection of botulinum toxin may produce results similar to intramuscular injection of the medial rectus muscle for the treatment of acute traumatic sixth nerve palsy. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of subtenon injection and to compare our results with those in previously published reports.

Methods: During 3 years at a single institution, 13 patients with traumatic sixth nerve palsy of less than 6 months' duration were treated with subtenon injection of botulinum toxin. The deviation angles before and after injection were recorded. A distance esotropia of less than 10 prism diopters (PD) in the primary position or absence of diplopia at 3 months was defined as recovery.

Results: Of the 13 patients treated, 11 (84.5%) had unilateral palsy and 2 (15.4%) had bilateral palsy. The average pre-injection deviation was 39.5 PD of esotropia, and the average post-injection deviation was 17.0 PD. Seven patients experienced recovery and regained binocular single vision; the overall recovery rate was 53.8% (unilateral, 63.6%; bilateral, 0%). Six patients did not recover and subsequently underwent strabismus surgery.

Conclusion: Patients with traumatic sixth nerve palsy treated with subtenon injection of botulinum toxin showed higher recovery rates than did most patients treated with conservative measures in published reports. The result of subtenon injection of botulinum toxin without electromyography (EMG) guidance was comparable to that obtained using EMG-guided intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin. Patients with unilateral palsy demonstrated a better recovery rate than did patients with bilateral palsy.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2003;40:27-30.
Thrombocytopenia and the Risks of Intraocular Surgery
Authors: Papamatheakis Demosthenes G , Demers Pierre , Vachon André , Jaimes Louise Brossard , Lapointe Yves , Harasymowycz Paul J
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In thrombocytopenia, a hemorrhagic diathesis is usually present due to a low platelet count and has been related to the development of cataracts and retinopathy. The concomitant administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can increase the hemorrhagic diathesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of thrombocytopenia during and after intraocular surgery.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of medical files of patients who had undergone cataract and glaucoma filtering surgery and were diagnosed as having thrombocytopenia between 1994-1995 and 1998-1999 was conducted. Eight patients with a total of 11 surgical procedures were included in this study.

* RESULTS: Hemorrhagic complications occurred in 2 of the 11 procedures, for an incidence of 18%. These 2 cases are described in detail.

* CONCLUSIONS: The current study confirms that thrombocytopenia is a significant risk factor for perioperative bleeding in ocular surgery. A routine questionnaire should be completed before ocular surgery and a complete blood cell count obtained in suspect cases. Consultation with a hematologist is warranted in cases of thrombocytopenia.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005 ;36: 103107.]
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Features of Iris and Ciliary Body Melanomas Before and After Brachytherapy
Authors: Torres Virginia L L , Allemann Norma , Erwenne Clélia M
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) features of iris and ciliary body melanomas before and after brachytherapy.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Four uveal anterior melanoma cases undergoing brachytherapy were retrospectively studied. All cases were examined by UBM prior to treatment and repeatedly after treatment.

* RESULTS: Before brachytherapy, UBM examination showed a solid mass in the iris, ciliary body, or both in all four cases and allowed its characterization, sizing, and positioning. Two cases had a pigmented scleral lesion corresponding to the tumor location, but UBM did not detect any scleral infiltration at those sites. After brachytherapy, all lesions showed progressive decrease in size and progressive attenuation of their limits. Internal reflectivity was variable. Complications related to brachytherapy were demonstrated, including cataract, peripheral anterior synechiae at tumor location, and secondary scleral thinning.

* CONCLUSION: UBM played an important role as a complementary diagnostic method for anterior uveal melanomas, particularly ciliary body melanomas, but also allowed therapeutic planning (brachytherapy or surgery) and follow-up after treatment.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005,36:129-138.]
Visualization of Residual Perfluorocarbon Liquid Using Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide
Authors: Hirata Fumisato , Tamura Hironori , Ogura Yuichiro
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The visualization of transparent perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) using triamcinolone acetonide is described. Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide enabled visualization of residual PFCL intraoperatively. In addition, it was shown that triamcinolone acetonide could visualize PFCL in an in vitro preparation of balanced salt solution. This in vitro experiment confirmed that triamcinolone acetonide also could be adsorbed by PFCL outside the vitreous. Triamcinolone acetonide was helpful to visualize transparent PFCL both in vivo and in vitro, and may be useful at the end of vitrectomy to completely remove residual PFCL from the eye. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:169-172.]
Long-Term Results of Pars Plana Vitrectomy Combined With Filtering Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma
Authors: Kono Toshihiro , Shiga Sousuke , Takesue Yoshiko , Sakamoto Taiji
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of vitrectomy combined with filtering surgery for neovascular glaucoma.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one eyes with neovascular glaucoma underwent pars plana vitrectomy combined with filtering surgery between January 1995 and December 2003. Thirteen eyes (10 cases) had neovascular glaucoma secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 8 eyes (8 cases) had neovascular glaucoma secondary to central retinal vein occlusion. The initial intraocular pressures ranged from 21 to 70 mm Hg with full medication. All cases were observed for more than 12 months after the last surgery and the ophthalmic records were retrospectively reviewed.

* RESULTS: During the follow-up period, 19 eyes (90.5%) had intraocular pressures of less than 21 mm Hg with or without antiglaucoma eye drops, whereas 18 eyes (85.7%) had a stable or improved visual acuity.

* CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy combined with filtering surgery is considered to be an effective treatment for neovascular glaucoma to maintain the visual function for a long period.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;35:211-216.]
Capsular Phimosis Following Phacotrabeculectomy
Authors: Taguri Abdel Hakim , Devlin Hilary
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Three cases of severe capsular phimosis following augmented phacotrabeculectomy complicated by intense postoperative fibrinous uveitis are described. The marked inflammation was possibly related to the combined procedure itself, the excessive intraoperative manipulation to stretch the pupil, and the compromised blood-aqueous barrier after prolonged use of pilocarpine. The combination of fibrinous uveitis and the small size of capsulorhexis attained through a stretched pupil are possible risk factors for developing severe capsular phimosis in the absence of zonular weakness or preoperative uveitis. For patients with similar risk factors, two separate surgical procedures should be considered. Alternatively, a larger capsulorhexis or radial relieving incisions should be attempted during phacotrabeculectomy to prevent this complication, which could jeopardize the outcome of otherwise successful surgery. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:245-248.]
Microbial Growth in Various Perfluorocarbon Liquids
Authors: Celik Lider , Yücesoy Mine , Saatci A Osman , Kaynak Süleyman
Published: January 2019

Abstract. A prospective in vitro study was conducted to investigate the potential for various perfluorocarbon liquids to support the growth of microbes, which may be introduced into these liquids as contaminants during intraocular surgery. Perfluorodecaline, perfluoro-n-octane, and perfluorophenanthrene were tested for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans by using tryptone soy broth, pancreatic digest of casein, and Sabouraud broth as culture media for up to 10 days. No microbial growth was observed in any of these perfluorocarbon liquids. Perfluorocarbon liquids do not promote microbial growth. Thus, they do not increase the risk of endophthalmitis in vitreoretinal surgery. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:254-257.]
Entre Alpes et Apennins : le voyage à Rome du cardinal Pierre de Colombier (9 février-27 juin 1355)
Authors: Lemaitre Jean-Loup
Published: January 2019

À l’issue du consistoire du 4 février 1355, tenu à Avignon, Pierre Bertrand, al. de Colombier (un Ardéchois), cardinal d’Ostie, est chargé d’aller procéder à Rome au couronnement impérial de Charles IV, roi des Romains depuis 1346 et de Bohème depuis 1347. Il quitte la cour pontificale le 9 février pour arriver à Rome le 2 avril. Il procède au couronnement à Saint-Jean de Latran le dimanche de Pâques et repart le 11 avril pour Avignon, où il arrive le 27 juin, passant à l’aller par la Provence et la côte ligure, jusqu’à Pise, et au retour par la Lombardie, Suse et le col de Montgenèvre. Son chapelain et secrétaire, Jean Porte, d’Annonay, a tenu le journal de cette légation, complété en particulier par l’itinéraire quotidien aller et retour, étape par étape. Le journal lui-même comporte de nombreuses notations sur le déroulement matériel du voyage. Le texte, conservé au xviie siècle dans les archives du couvent des célestins de Colombier, a été publié à partir d’un manuscrit du xve siècle de Prague par Richard Salomon en 1913. Des extraits du manuscrit ont été donnés par Matthieu de Goussainville (bibliothèque de l’Arsenal), Joseph Labbe (1657) et François Duchesne (1660). Malgré cela, cet itinéraire exceptionnel est resté négligé par les historiens.
Le flottage du bois sur la Garonne : archéologie d’un espace économique et d’un savoir-faire (xviie-xixe siècle)
Authors: François Anh Linh
Published: January 2019

Peu d’études archéologiques ont été entreprises sur le cours supérieur de la Garonne. L’aspect torrentiel du fleuve, les crues destructrices et l’absence de navigation actuelle ont pu faire penser à l’absence totale de sites archéologiques encore en place. Pourtant, des aménagements en bois de plusieurs mètres de long sont encore présents dans le lit du fleuve, correspondant à des équipements liés à la pratique du flottage au xviiie siècle. Ces structures résistantes combinant des systèmes d’assemblages spécifiques ont été retrouvées récemment et sont étudiées dans cet article.
Un outil de desserte et de désenclavement : le téléphérique
Authors: Tinet Michel
Published: January 2019

L’étude attentive des téléphériques comme moyens de transport polyvalents est révélatrice des genres de vie des populations en montagne, mais aussi des politiques de développement et des grands chantiers nés après la révolution industrielle. L’invention du câble d’acier en 1834, en Allemagne, amplifie ce phénomène largement sous-estimé, apparu avec l’usage déjà fort ancien de cordes au travers de gorges. Ces téléphériques développés d’abord pour le transport de marchandises, puis celui de personnes, vont rendre d’inestimables services aux populations montagnardes, participant au désenclavement de villages en Suisse (Valais, Uri), partout en Europe, puis au Nouveau Monde ou en Asie. Bois, bidons de lait, fourrage, vendanges, mais aussi charges lourdes, ciment, charbon, minerais divers... La liste longue, voire surprenante, des usages rendus possibles par ces câbles de toutes dimensions n’a d’égale que la souplesse d’adaptation aux reliefs, aux contraintes locales, sous tous les climats.
The Compressive Strength of Coconut Fibers Reinforced Nano Concrete Composite
Authors: Lumingkewas Riana Herlina , Yuwono Akhmad Herman , Hadiwardoyo Sigit Pranowo , Saparudin Dani
Published: January 2019

The compressive strength of the concrete reviewed in this study uses nanosilica and coconut fibers. The addition of coconut fibers to concrete contributes to the construction of sustainable and environmentally friendly building materials. The testing method carried out physically and mechanically. Testing the compressive strength of the nanoconcrete composite with variations in the amount of nanosilica which substituted with cement. Using variations of nanosilica composition, namely 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% added with coconut fiber to determine the effect of compressive strength from nanoconcrete composite. The results obtained are the optimal value of concrete compressive strength with nanosilica is the addition of 2% nanosilica, which increases 43% of standard concrete. Moreover, on concrete with the addition of nanosilica and the addition of coconut fibers 1% test results in concrete compressive strength which is optimal in the addition of 0.5% nanosilica, which is 58% increase from normal concrete. The conclusion of this study that the addition of nanosilica and reinforced with coconut fiber will increase the compressive strength of concrete, this is an excellent composite material to get environmentally friendly building materials using.
Preparation and Properties of Chitosan-Tranexamic Acid Salts
Authors: Hu Zhang , Qin Ya Qi , Lu Si Tong , Huang Chu Ru , Chen Ze Kun
Published: January 2019

The solid chitosan-tranexamic acid salts were successfully prepared by the method of half-wet grinding with chitosan and tranexamic acid as raw materials. The physical properties including water solubility and stability of the prepared samples were tested, and their structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In addition, the in vitro pro-coagulant activity was evaluated by the test tube method. The results showed that the prepared chitosan-tranexamic acid salts could be dissolved in weak acidic, neutral and weak alkaline aqueous solutions, expanding the dissolution range. The characterization results indicated that the protonation reaction of the chitosan amino group was achieved without solvent and the crystallinity degree of chitosan-tranexamic acid salts decreased by comparison with chitosan. The hemostasis evaluation showed that chitosan-tranexamic acid salts with different mass ratios had pro-coagulant activities in vitro. In particular, the clotting time of chitosan acid salt with mass ratio of 1:2 was shorter than that of Yunnan Baiyao. This effort laid the foundation for the development of the promising chitosan-based hemostatic materials.
Effect of Compressive and Shear Deformation of 2.5D Preform on its Stiffness of Composites
Authors: Lin Fang Bin , Dai Ying , Li Han Yang , Qu Yang , Li Wen Xiao
Published: January 2019

Transverse compaction and in-plane shear deformartion are the dominative deformation mode for woven preform during forming process. A full finite element model of the 2.5D woven composites has been established by the computed tomography (CT) in this paper. Based on the energy method, the effective orthotropic/anisotropic stiffness coefficientsCijare calculated by performing a finite element analysis (FEA) of this full cell model. Using this model, the effects of the compaction and shear deformation of the 2.5D woven preform on the composites stiffness are investigated in detail. Compared the results of the static tensile tests, the rationality of the model and the method is verified.
Experimental Study on Repairing Large Modulus Rack Cracks by Argon Arc Welding
Authors: Yu Jiao Yan , Shi Duan Wei , Li Zhi , Yu Shuang Yang , Zhang Yang
Published: January 2019

The crack repair experiment with argon arc welding technology was carried out to repair large cracks in the large-module gear and rack of the shiplift. The experiment studied the influence of process parameters including welding current and prehearing temperature on the properties of the weld by using 40CrMo piece with pre-made cracks as the substrate material and TIG-R30 wire. In addition, Rockwell hardness tester and material high temperature performance tester were used to test the hardness and tensile properties of the weld. The result shows that the best performance of the welds was obtained when the welding current was 150A, the preheating temperature was 100°C and the argon flow was 15L/min. At this point, the hardness of the weld was 12.8% higher than that of the substrate with the tensile strength reaching 786Mpa, the elongation being 8% and no cracks or pores.
Study on Mechanical Properties of 3D4d Woven SiCf/SiC Composites Based on Experiment and Model Prediction
Authors: Shen Xing Keng , Li Ming Yuan , Dai Ying , Zhou Xin Gui , He Peng Fei
Published: January 2019

The mechanical properties of KD-II type silicon carbide fiber braided three-dimensional four-directional (3D4d) SiCf/SiC woven composites fabricated by PIP method were studied in this paper. The computed tomography (CT) technology was used to observe the cross section shape and orientation of the fiber bundles inside woven composite materials, and digital image correlation (DIC) method was used to measure deformation, during the tensile tests of the composites. Theoretical and numerical methods were adopted to predict mechanical properties of the 3D4d SiCf/SiC woven composites, and effectiveness of different methods was discussed based on the comparison of results obtained from the experiments and prediction model.
Call Localization of Fat Greenling Hexagrammos otakii Using Two Stereo Underwater Recorders
Authors: Yamato Kazuki , Matsuo Ikuo , Takahashi Ryuzo , Matsubara Naoto , Yasuma Hiroki
Published: January 2019

AbstractA recent study revealed that fat greenling Hexagrammos otakii produces call sounds during the spawning season; the number of fish calls increases on the spawning day. However, it is unknown where and how many individual fat greenling produce fish calls. This
behavior of fat greenling could be estimated by localizing the fish calls. We propose a sound localization method that uses two stereo recorders, which can then be used to estimate two time differences of arrival for each fish call. First, the calls of fat greenling are recorded by two stereo
recorders for 3 weeks during the spawning season. Second, the calls of fat greenling are detected from the recorded data by the automatic detection algorithm, which uses the acoustic features of the fish call, and the positions of fish calls are estimated by the proposed sound localization
method. The analysis of the recorded data by using the proposed method localized most of the fish calls near the spawning bed. Furthermore, the number of calling individuals may be estimated by analyzing the relation between the time the fish call is produced and its localized position.
The Accuracy and Perception of Test-Based Management of Malaria at Private Licensed Chemical Shops in the Middle Belt of Ghana
Authors: Kwarteng Anthony , Malm Keziah L. , Febir Lawrence Gyabaa , Tawiah Theresa , Adjei George , Nyame Solomon , Agbokey Francis , Twumasi Mieks , Amenga-Etego Seeba , Danquah Daniel Amaning , Bart-Plange Constance , Owusu-Agyei Seth , Asante Kwaku Poku
Published: January 2019

The sale of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) by private licensed chemical shops (LCS) without testing is contrary to current policy recommendations. This study assessed the accuracy and perception of test-based management of malaria using malaria rapid diagnostic test (mRDT) kits at private LCS in two predominantly rural areas in the middle part of Ghana. Clients presenting at LCS with fever or other signs and symptoms suspected to be malaria in the absence of signs of severe malaria were tested with mRDT by trained attendants and treated based on the national malaria treatment guidelines. Using structured questionnaires, exit interviews were conducted within 48 hours and a follow-up interview on day 7 (±3 days). Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were also conducted to assess stakeholders’ perception on the use of mRDT at LCS. About 79.0% (N = 1,797) of clients reported with a fever. Sixty-six percent (947/1,426) of febrile clients had a positive mRDT result. Eighty-six percent (815/947) of clients with uncomplicated malaria were treated with the recommended ACT. About 97.8% (790/808) of clients with uncomplicated malaria treated with ACT were reported to be well by day 7. However, referral for those with negative mRDT results was very low (4.1%, 27/662). A high proportion of clients with a positive mRDT result received the recommended malaria treatment. Test-based management of malaria by LCS attendants was found to be feasible and acceptable by the community members and other stakeholders. Successful implementation will however require effective referral, supervision and quality control systems.
Health-Care Workers’ Perspectives on Preparedness of Health-Care Facilities for Outbreak of Communicable Diseases in Nigeria: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ughasoro Maduka D. , Esangbedo Dorothy O. , Udorah Ifechukwu Maria
Published: January 2019

A high probability of another outbreak of communicable disease exists in sub-Saharan African countries, after the Ebola virus disease outbreak of 2014. Thus, health-care facility (HCF) preparedness for a prompt and effective response to disease outbreaks needs to be ascertained. In this study, Nigerian health-care workers’ (HCWs) knowledge of preparedness, perception of the level of preparedness existing in these HCFs, militating factors, and possible ways to improve, were evaluated through qualitative data collection, using focus group discussion and in-depth interview. Among the 193 HCWs which participated in the study, the perception of 190 (98.4%) was that their HCFs were insufficiently equipped to respond to disease outbreaks. None of the facilities had an emergency operation unit (EOU). Most HCWs perceived preparedness as observation of universal precautions. Other aspects of preparedness, such as training, routine emergency drills, disease surveillance, waste management, and design and location of HCFs were minimally mentioned. None of the participants had undergone any form of emergency drill training. Among the suggestions of how to improve on preparedness were immunization of staff, improved inter-departmental communication within the HCF, and routine training. The overall poor level of preparedness which exists in the HCFs means that they cannot prevent or contain a communicable disease outbreak. There is a need to improve universal precautions, communication within the HCFs, and routine interpretation of surveillance data by epidemiologists. There is also a need for the establishment of EOU in every HCF, a system that responds to, and manages emergency response to disease outbreaks, which also must be functional during non-outbreak periods.
Performance of a Sandwich Antigen-Detection ELISA for the Diagnosis of Porcine Taenia solium Cysticercosis
Authors: Bustos Javier A. , Ninaquispe Berenice E. , Rodriguez Silvia , Castillo Yesenia , Yang Susan Y. , Gilman Robert H. , Dorny Pierre , Gabriël Sarah , García Héctor H. , Gonzalez Armando E. , _ _
Published: January 2019

The pig is the natural intermediate host of Taenia solium, a parasite causing significant burden of disease in both humans and pigs. Porcine cysticercosis is traditionally detected via tongue palpation and slaughterhouse meat inspection, both with limited sensitivity. Serum antibody detection has a better performance; however, it does not discriminate past from present infection. Serum antigen detection can demonstrate viable infection and gives a good estimate of parasitic load. This study evaluated a sandwich antigen-detection ELISA using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) 158C11 and 60H8 for the diagnosis of viable cysticercosis in pigs. Serum samples were used from 35 naturally T. solium cysticerci–infected pigs, 31 cysticercosis-negative pigs, and 22 pigs with Taenia hydatigena infection (to assess cross-reactions). Positive cysticercosis samples were subcategorized at necropsy according to parasitic burden as mild (1–10 viable cysts, n = 10), moderate (11–100 cysts, n = 5), or severe infection (more than 100 cysts, n = 20). This Ag-ELISA showed a sensitivity of 82.9% and a specificity of 96.8% when not considering cross-reactions with T. hydatigena. Hundred percentage of severely infected, 80% of moderately infected, and 50% of mildly T. solium–infected pigs tested positive. Twenty of 22 pigs with only T. hydatigena infections were positive, with 13 reaching saturating levels in the ELISA. The Ag-ELISA revealed the presence of live cysts and is, thus, a fairly reliable test to monitor experimental infection, response to treatment, and follow-up in animal models of cysticercosis. It should, however, be carefully interpreted when used in regions where T. hydatigena is endemic in pigs.
Model-Based Approaches in Developing an Advanced Aftertreatment System: An Overview
Authors: Su Changsheng , Brault Joseph , Munnannur Achuth , Liu Z. Gerald , Milloy Sean , Harinath Arvind , Dunnuck David , Federle Ken
Published: January 2019

Cummins has recently launched next-generation aftertreatment technology, the Single ModuleTM aftertreatment system, for medium-duty and heavy-duty engines used in on-highway and off-highway applications. Besides meeting EPA 2010+ and Euro VI regulations, the Single ModuleTM aftertreatment system offers 60% volume and 40% weight reductions compared to current aftertreatment systems. In this work, we present model-based approaches that were systematically adopted in the design and development of the Cummins Single ModuleTM aftertreatment system. Particularly, a variety of analytical and experimental component-level and system-level validation tools have been used to optimize DOC, DPF, SCR/ASC, as well as the DEF decomposition device. The highlights of this work can be summarized as follows: a). internal dosing is more efficient than external dosing to control HC slip; High CPSI DOCs show better HC oxidation performance at high SV due to enhanced mass transfer; b). the adopted advanced DPF technologies enable greater ash capacity for long maintenance intervals; c). SCR performance was optimized with the use of a hydrothermally robust Cu-Zeolite catalyst coated on high CPSI substrates.