bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexual Disgust Trumps Pathogen Disgust in Predicting Voter Behavior During the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election
Authors: Billingsley Joseph , Lieberman Debra , Tybur Joshua M.
Published: June 2018

Why is disgust sensitivity associated with socially conservative political views? Is it because socially conservative ideologies mitigate the risks of infectious disease, whether by promoting out-group avoidance or by reinforcing norms that sustain antipathogenic practices? Or might it be because socially conservative ideologies promote moral standards that advance a long-term, as opposed to a short-term, sexual strategy? Recent attempts to test these two explanations have yielded differing results and conflicting interpretations. Here, we contribute to the literature by examining the relationship between disgust sensitivity and political orientation, political party affiliation, and an often overlooked outcome—actual voter behavior. We focus on voter behavior and affiliation for the 2016 U.S. presidential election to determine whether pathogen or sexual disgust better predicts socially conservative ideology. Although many prominent aspects of Donald Trump’s campaign—particularly his anti-foreign message—align with the pathogen-avoidance model of conservatism, we found that pathogen-related disgust sensitivity exerted no influence on political ideology, political party affiliation, or voter behavior, after controlling for sexual disgust sensitivity. In contrast, sexual disgust sensitivity was associated with increased odds of voting for Donald Trump versus each other major presidential candidate, as well as with increased odds of affiliating with the Republican versus the Democratic or Libertarian parties. In fact, for every unit increase in sexual disgust sensitivity, the odds of a participant voting for Trump versus Clinton increased by approximately 30%. It seems, then, that sexual disgust trumps pathogen disgust in predicting socially conservative voting behavior.
Strength characteristic and failure criterion of flexible multi-axial warp-knitted fabrics coated with polyurethane on single side
Authors: Guo Nangkuo , Sun Min , Cheng Lan , Jiang Chenlong , Chen Wenhao , Jing Lingxiao
Published: June 2018

Coated fabrics are widely used in tension structures. In order to investigate the tensile behaviors of the coated fabrics, one group of specimens was cut out from multi-axial warp-knitted polyester fabrics coated with polyurethane on one side. These failure strengths of polyurethane-coated multi-axial warp-knitted fabrics were obtained by the method of uniaxial tensile test and a failure stress criterion is presented for the kind of materials. The results show that the coated fabric is anisotropic material, and the coating has great influence on the mechanical properties of the material. Furthermore, the failure stress criterion can be used for references in material design and application.
Efficient blind adaptive Karhunen–Loéve transform via parallel search
Authors: Tian Wenbiao , Rui Guosheng , Dong Daoguang , Kang Jian
Published: June 2018

This article introduces a new algorithm that constructs an efficient search strategy, called parallel search, for blind adaptive Karhunen–Loéve transform. Unlike anterior Karhunen–Loéve transform, the proposed algorithm converges quickly by searching for solutions in different directions simultaneously. Moreover, the process is “blind,” which means that minimal information about the original data is used. The new algorithm also avoids repeating the Karhunen–Loéve transform basis learning step in data compression applications. Numerical simulation results verify the validity of the theory and illustrate the capability of the proposed algorithm.
Attached to dating apps: Attachment orientations and preferences for dating apps
Authors: Chin Kristi , Edelstein Robin S. , Vernon Philip A.
Published: June 2018

Our study examines attachment-related differences in the use of dating applications (dating apps). We collected online survey data regarding people’s attachment orientation and dating app preferences. People with a more anxious attachment orientation were more likely to report using dating apps than people lower in anxious attachment; people with a more avoidant attachment orientation were less likely to report using dating apps than people lower in avoidant attachment. Participants who used dating apps cited Tinder, OkCupid, and Plenty of Fish as those most commonly used. The most common reason people reported for using apps was to meet others, and the most common reason people reported for not using apps was difficulty trusting people online. Our findings suggest that individual differences in attachment may be relevant for understanding online behavior, and that dating apps might be a fruitful avenue for future research on attachment-related differences.
The Formation of the Executive Functions Asa Foundation of the Regulative Universal Learning Activities in the Elementary Montessori School
Authors: Прокофьева Е. , Prokof'eva E.
Published: June 2018

In the following article the questions of the development of regulative universal learning activities in the Elementary Montessori school are concerned. The author notes the connection of these universal learning activities to the operation of executive functions as the higher cognitive processes which are actively studied in the western neuroscience nowadays. In the article there are provided the references to the American and Canadian studies, which point out that Primary and Elementary Montessori schools have benefi cial infl uence on the executive functions. This fact allows us to suggest that the formation of the regulative universal learning activities will be more eff ective with the ultimate use of the executive functions.
Hydatid cyst of the pancreas causing both acute pancreatitis and splenic vein thrombosis
Authors: Ozsay O , Gungor F , Karaisli Serkan , Kokulu Ibrahim , Dilek Osman Nuri
Published: June 2018

Hydatid cyst of the pancreas is a rarely seen entity even in endemic countries. Cyst may causes several symptoms due to external compression or fistulisation to pancreaticobiliary tract or small bowel. A 23-year-old female patient was referred with a complaint of abdominal pain. Preoperative imaging revealed an undefined cyst in the tail of pancreas. She underwent distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy, with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis due to cystopancreatic duct fistula and also left-sided portal hypertension due to splenic vein thrombosis. Pathological examination reported a final diagnosis of hydatid cyst. To the best of our knowledge, coincidence of cystopancreatic duct fistula and splenic vein thrombosis due to pancreatic hydatid cyst has not previously been reported.
BLADDER CANCER AND DEBATE ON TRIMODAL THERAPY (TMT) FOR BLADDER PRESERVATION
Authors: Melo Antonio Marlos Duarte de , Sampaio José Angelo Araújo , Neves Ana Beatriz Callou Sampaio , Neves Isabella Callou Sampaio , Parente Lucas Leimig Telles , Telles Maria Valéria Leimig , Silva Mikael Vieira da
Published: June 2018

Abstract: Bladder Cancer is one of the most common types of malignant neoplasms that affects both men and women. The surgery considered standard for the treatment of invasive tumor is Radical Cystectomy, which causes undesirable morbidity in the postoperative period on affected patients. Radical Transurethral Resection (TRU), associated with Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, together form the Trimodal Therapy (TTM), which can demonstrate satisfactory results in the approach of the patient with invasive tumor with lower morbidity and well-timed survival rate, in a short time. Keywords: Bladder Cancer; Radical Cystectomy; Transurethral Resection; Trimodal Therapy.
El café científico: Una experiencia áulica con estudiantes del Profesorado de Biología.
Authors: Gomez Silbia Marisa
Published: June 2018

En el presente trabajo se desarrolla el diseño y puesta en práctica de una estrategia didáctica diseñada para la unidad curricular “Evolución”, del profesorado de Biología. El enfoque utilizado corresponde al modelo TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge), que considera las tres fuentes del conocimiento: la disciplinar, la pedagógica y la tecnológica, enfatizando en las nuevas formas de conocimiento que se generan en la intersección de unos saberes con otros.La propuesta se basó en la simulación de un café científico donde los estudiantes a través de juegos de roles representaron a distintas personalidades de la ciencia relacionadas con las Teorías del Origen de la vida.  Esta estrategia didáctica apuntó a un aprendizaje cooperativo, al desarrollo de la creatividad, a la actitud crítica ante el conocimiento y la información, al desarrollo de competencias propias de la disciplina y a la formación de una actitud positiva frente a nuevas formas de aprender.Si bien esta experiencia pedagógica demandó otros tiempos y otras formas de planificar, de organización pedagógica del aula, otras formas de vincularse entre docentes, estudiantes y conocimiento y por lo tanto de aprender, esto devino en  una mayor motivación e interés de los estudiantes, generándose entornos propicios para la expresión y la creatividad.
Percepción del alumnado sobre la implementación de una propuesta b-learning en el ámbito de la enseñanza de Parasitología y Micología.
Authors: Pawluk Diana Beatriz , Fabro Ana Patricia
Published: June 2018

En la actualidad, el cursado de la Sección Parasitología y Micología de Práctica Profesional de la carrera de Bioquímica  (Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, UNL), se desarrolla mediante una modalidad b-learning, basada en la enseñanza presencial y complementada mediante la inclusión de Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TICs) y la utilización de diversos recursos en el entorno virtual de la UNL. La propuesta de este trabajo consistió en reflexionar sobre el grado de reconocimiento (por parte de los alumnos) de la complementariedad de los recursos didácticos ofrecidos para el desarrollo de las actividades en dicha Sección. Se diseñó una experiencia de investigación cuali-cuantitativa, entre el 2do cuatrimestre de 2013 y el 2do cuatrimestre del 2016. Se suministró a 149 alumnos, al final del cursado de la Sección, una encuesta que constaba de siete items que promovían respuestas abiertas sobre la temática a investigar. Los resultados obtenidos fueron:  50.4% destacó la facilidad de acceso al material de estudio actualizado desde cualquier lugar; 40.5% respondió que el entorno virtual permite una mayor interacción, docentes-alumnos, y, alumnos-alumnos; el 76% consideró a los recursos como muy completos y organizados en distintos formatos; en cuanto a la cantidad de información brindada, el 8.4% calificó como excelente, 49% muy buena, 28.2% buena; en calidad el 17.6% respondió como excelente, 54.2% muy buena y 28.2% buena; los aspectos que debe mejorar la propuesta: 35.1 % mencionó la inclusión de novedades, videos, información en general, horarios de foros, chats ; 12.2% mejorar la interacción alumno-docente; 90.1% respondió que observan ventajas consideradas como fortalezas de la propuesta y el 71.8% respondió que existen algunas debilidades al comparar el uso de TICs y el Entorno Virtual frente a la modalidad presencial. Se puede concluir que la implementación de b-learning en el ámbito de la enseñanza universitaria representó un gran desafío al tener que afrontar  cambios metodológicos al incorporar a las prácticas tradicionales nuevas prácticas educativas. Así, el impacto de la utilización del recurso virtual como complemento  a la enseñanza presencial ha sido positivo en la formación de alumnos que cursan la Sección, contribuyendo al mejoramiento de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Aceh and Nias, Indonesia post-tsunami reconstruction by survivor participation
Authors: Meigh John David , Minanto Ir Minanto , Rachim Ir Abdul
Published: June 2018

The earthquake of 26 December 2004 off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, resulted in a tsunami that killed some 300 000 people and damaged farmland and irrigation systems and hence the livelihoods of smallholder farmers. A further earthquake on 28 March 2005 killed 1000 people in Nias and damaged irrigation systems throughout the island. In August 2005, a design team was engaged by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to assist the Indonesian government’s Bureau of Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (BRR) to re-establish the irrigation infrastructure and management as a component of the ADB-grant-funded Earthquake and Tsunami Emergency Support Project. A participatory approach was taken by the design team through planning to construction by empowering survivors to form water user associations (WUAs), involving them in the planning process, training them in construction techniques and, through WUA-managed contracts, supporting them to rebuild their secondary and tertiary systems. During the project, the design engineers followed the BRR policy of ‘building back better’ by incorporating earthquake-resistant design in the higher-risk areas. This paper describes the participatory approach taken to restore some 93 irrigation systems over some 60 000 ha.
Book review
Authors: Tessari Anthony F.
Published: June 2018

Disturbed Soil Properties and Geotechnical Design, 2nd Edition
Simple PCR-SSP- rs6656401-In4 - CR1 v1
Authors: GCK Canalli Kretzschmar Gabriela , Caroline Oliveira Luana , Beate Winter Boldt Angelica
Published: June 2018

This is a simple PCR-SSP for amplification of the rs6656401, located in intron 4 (CR1 gene).
Multiplex 2 PCR-SSP - CR1(rs3849266; rs2274567; rs4844610; rs12034383) v1
Authors: GCK Canalli Kretzschmar Gabriela , Caroline Oliveira Luana , Beate Winter Boldt Angelica
Published: June 2018

This is amultiplex PCR-SSP for amplification of the followSNPs of CR1 gene: rs3849266; rs2274567; rs4844610; rs12034383.
Towards an open cinema: Revisiting Alain Bergala's The Cinema Hypothesis within a global field of film education
Authors: Chambers Jamie
Published: June 2018

This paper reconsiders The Cinema Hypothesis and the propensity of Alain Bergala's cine-pedagogy to serve as an agent of interconnectivity within a slowly emergent global field of film education. Drawing upon some of the debates surrounding de-Westernizing film studies (Bâ
and Higbee, 2012), this study explores notions of the global before situating a re-evaluation of The Cinema Hypothesis within that frame. Analysis focuses in particular on Bergala's: (1) particularized approach to cinema; (2) insistence upon a proximity between theory and practice;
(3) asystematized approaches to analysis; (4) problematic relationship with canons; and (5) theory of disruption.
See You Tomorrow: A case study of the Understanding Cinema project at Granton Primary School in Edinburgh
Authors: Donnelly Aoife , Whelan Avril , Chambers Granton Jamie
Published: June 2018

This case study describes the experience of 'Le cinéma, cent ans de jeunesse' and the Understanding Cinema project at an after-school film club at Granton Primary School in Edinburgh from 2016 to 2017. It does so from the perspective of the teachers, filmmaker and students involved
and focuses in particular on the production of the students' film See You Tomorrow, about a young girl dealing with racist bullies. Exploring the processes undertaken as part of the project and the students' responses to them, this study ultimately advocates for the benefits of using both
practical and theoretical approaches to film in primary classrooms.
CARACTERÍSTICAS DO CONSELHO DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO E DO COMITÊ DE AUDITORIA DAS EMPRESAS LISTADAS NA BM&FBOVESPA
Authors: Reyes Marilbeth Carolina Rodríguez , Cunha Paulo Roberto da , Rodrigues Junior Moacir Manoel , Cecon Bianca
Published: June 2018

Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar as características do conselho de administração e do comitê de auditoria das empresas listadas na BM&FBovespa. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, de cunho quantitativo e com procedimento de coleta de dados documental. A amostra resultou em 1620 conselhos de administração e 399 comitês de auditoria. A coleta de dados quanto às características do conselho de administração e do comitê de auditoria foi realizada no Formulário de Referência no sítio da BM&FBovespa. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva e da análise fatorial. Constatou-se que, em média, os conselhos de administração possuem entre 6 e 12 conselheiros, maioria de membros independentes e de 3 a 8 membros com expertise. A dualidade, que ocorre quando o diretor-presidente pertence ao conselho, foi observada em 21,23% do total dos conselhos. Os comitês de auditoria são compostos em média por 3 ou 4 membros, maioria de membros independentes e pelo menos um membro com expertise em contabilidade, auditoria e finanças. Concluiu-se que quanto maior o tamanho do conselho, com mais membros independentes e com expertise, menor será a possibilidade de dualidade. E, além disto, os resultados indicam que o tamanho do comitê de auditoria está positivamente relacionado com a quantidade de membros com expertise.Palavras-chave: Conselho de Administração. Comitê de Auditoria. Tamanho. Independência. Expertise.
MISSÃO INSTITUCIONAL: ANÁLISE DOS ELEMENTOS DE PEARCE II (1982) NA MISSÃO DAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Araújo Monique Albers , Michelon Paula De Souza , Lunkes Rogério João
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo objetiva identificar e analisar os elementos propostos por Pearce II (1982) presentes nas missões das universidades públicas do Brasil. Para tanto, foram selecionadas no website do Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC) 97 universidades para compor a população do estudo. A amostra restringe-se a 70 universidades que divulgaram suas missões em seus endereços eletrônicos. Definiu-se o modelo de Pearce II (1982) de oito elementos como indexador de missão efetiva. Os resultados apontam que os principais elementos presentes nas missões das universidades públicas brasileiras são produtos ou serviços, domínio geográfico, valores e a filosofia da organização. Quanto à efetividade, a maioria das universidades analisadas possuem apenas 2 dos 8 elementos propostos por Pearce II (1982). A pesquisa contribuiu na percepção de que as universidades públicas brasileiras desenvolvem suas missões conforme suas respectivas estruturas ou para cumprimento de Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional, sem necessariamente utilizá-las como ferramenta estratégica. Conclui-se que, apesar da sua importância gerencial, as definições de missão organizacional das universidades examinadas não são efetivas.Palavras-chave: Missão institucional. Planejamento estratégico. Efetividade.
William H. Seward, el vapor, y el imperialismo estadounidense, 1850-1875
Authors: Sexton Jay
Published: June 2018

Este artículo analiza la manera en que William H. Seward adaptó la visión imperial y las políticas de Estados Unidos a la luz de la revolución de la tecnología de vapor a mediados del siglo XIX. La historiografía ha visto a Seward como uno de los arquitectos más importantes del imperio estadounidense, pero lo que no se ha enfatizado de manera apropiada es cómo su legado fue menos en su continuidad con sus antecesores y sucesores y más en cómo intentó reconfigurar la política estadounidense alrededor de uno de los desarrollos más revolucionarios de su época: la aparición del transporte de vapor.
Risk classification at urgency and emergency services: integrative literature review / Classificação de risco no serviço de urgência e emergência: revisão integrativa da literatura / Clasificación de riesgo en el servicio de urgencia y emergencia..
Authors: Soares Dias Samya Raquel , Silva Igor Almeida , Santos Luzivânia Lopes
Published: June 2018

Objetivo: revisar na literatura aspectos relacionados a classificação de risco no serviço de urgência e emergência. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados indexadas à Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, incluindo pesquisar originais em português publicadas no período de 2010 a setembro de 2016. Resultados: a seleção dos artigos resultou em nove publicação para a revisão. Foram encontradas publicações em revistas de classificação A e B, principalmente dos anos de 2013, 2014 e 2015. Os temas diversos evidenciaram grande atenção ao trauma, preocupação de adequação de protocolos à demanda da instituição, bem como, de classificação entre profissionais de saúde. Encontraram-se ainda resultados positivos associando adequada classificação ao desfecho clínico do paciente e sobre a importância do enfermeiro. Conclusão: portanto, entende-se que o tema é atual e que requer atenção dos profissionais de saúde, bem como há necessidade de capacitações para aplicação da classificação de risco nos serviços.Descritores: Triagem. Enfermagem. Serviços Médicos de Emergência.
ON TEACHING M. F. AKHUNDOV’S COMEDIES TO THE STUDENTS OF THE RUSSIAN SECTOR OF AZERBAIJANI HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENTS
Authors: Alieva Ainura Ali kyzy
Published: June 2018

The article identifies the ways of perceiving M. F. Akhundov’s comedies by philological students of the Russian sector of Azerbaijani higher education establishments. The writer’s dramaturgic heritage is meaningful in its ideological problematics. Before analyzing M. F. Akhundov’s comedies the paper proposes methodical recommendations to acquaint the students with the political situation that had developed in Russia and Azerbaijan by the middle of the XIX century. It is shown that M. F. Akhundov was in close relations with Russian literary figures. Relying on the conceptions of modern Azerbaijani literary critics the author identifies the key aspects of M. F. Akhundov’s comedies.
INTELLIGENTSIA PROBLEM IN THE DRAMAS “POOR JACOB” AND “THE LOVE” BY ANEMPODIST SOFRONOV
Authors: Semenova Valentina Grigor'evna
Published: June 2018

The article analyzes the interpretation of the problem of intelligentsia, its place and role in social development in the plays of the first Yakut dramatist A. I. Sofronov. In his plays the author emphasizes public belief in the consolidating force of intelligentsia destined to express and defend national interests. After analyzing the drama “Poor Jacob” the researcher concludes that the dramatist identifies two types of the intellectual - the individualist and the “superfluous man” - depending on ideological orientations. Through their images the writer showed clearly the tragedy of national intelligentsia, its separation from the people, impotence and inertness. The paper concludes that A. Sofronov in his works imposed the task upon intelligentsia: to serve the people and to bear responsibility before the society.
THE USE OF ENGLISH IDIOMS ON FINANCE IN THE ECONOMIC DISCOURSE (BY THE EXAMPLE OF ARTICLES FROM “THE ECONOMIST” MAGAZINE)
Authors: Vas’bieva Dinara Giniyatullovna
Published: June 2018

The article examines the topicality of studying English idioms on finance in the modern English-language economic discourse. Particular attention is paid to the main aspects of using English idioms in the sphere of finance in the economic discourse and defining the author’s translation strategy for this language trope in the examples taken from “The Economist” magazine. Practical recommendations are developed to improve the efficiency of using and memorizing English idioms in the financial sphere.
THE THEME OF SUDDEN INSIGHT AS A REPRESENTATION OF CONTEMPORARY SPIRITUAL AND MORAL SEARCH IN G. CHULKOV’S TRAGICOMEDY “DON QUIXOTE” (1935)
Authors: Artamonova Tatyana Gennadievna
Published: June 2018

The article considers the author’s version of the classical story of Don Quixote of La Mancha represented in G. Chulkov’s tragicomedy “Don Quixote” (1935). The perception of Miguel de Cervantes’s eternal storyline in the Russian literature of the first post-revolutionary decades was conditioned by his universal ability to express conceptions for social life improvement. G. Chulkov interprets Cervantes’s story as a story of the main character’s sudden insight: in the Russian symbolist’s tragicomedy Don Quixote through the feeling to the earthly woman understands “Earthly Truth”, beauty and harmony of earthly existence. The hero’s new world vision is interpreted by the writer as “true” Christianity, which “Silver Age” philosophers considered as a basis to improve existence.
Strategies in Managing Rapport in Classroom Discussion
Authors: Reski Reski
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to find out the strategies, applied by students in classroom interaction particularly in discussion, to maintain their interpersonal rapport as well as to enhance their rapport management with their fellow students. There are five strategies based on Spencer-Oatey (2008) that the interactants apply in social interactions. The strategies are request, compliments, apologies, gratitude and disagreement. The research is done to see whether the students realize the management of rapport in social interaction and their strategies that they would apply in classroom discussion. The research is done by using descriptive qualitative method to identify the students’ strategies in maintaining their interpersonal rapport and enhancing the rapport management with their fellow students. The data was obtained by video-recording the interactions of the students during the classroom discussions and by giving the students some questionnaires. The researcher also applied the participant observation to see the students reactions during the discussion considering that the strategies that the students apply may bring about the rapport threat and enhancement which are subjective evaluations, which depend not simply on the content of the message, but on people’s interpretations and reactions to who says what under what circumstances. The research indicates that the students’ mostly applied strategy is disagremeent and the type of the disagreement is token agreement. In other words, the students tend to hold the rapport enhancement behavior since in expressing their disagreement, they initially expressed their agreement as a token of appreciation.

Keywords:classroom discussion, interpersonal rapport, rapport management,  rapport orientation
ARCHETYPES OF INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE IN THE MODEL OF THE UNIVERSAL SOCIAL CYCLE
Authors: Afonin Eduard Andriyovych , Martynov Andrii Yuriyovych
Published: June 2018

The article deals with the peculiarities of the interaction of archetypes of individual and collective in the context of the model of the universal social cycle and the history of the development of corresponding concepts. Modern sociological theories are the attempts to find answers to challenges of the ongoing modernization process. Controversial approaches in most sociological theories seem to be “methodological individualism” or “methodological holism”. Accordingly, modern space is marked, so to speak, by the dominance of “instrumental reason”. With the onset of the early Modern era, societies have a rigid opposition to traditional social institutions and values (in the spirit of “revolutionary disobedience of socio-class interests”). The contradictions between individual and collective become sharp, which ultimately, is resolved in favor of the latter. The developed Modern is already characterized by the ideals of stability and security that reconcile individual and collective. Instead, the late Modern (or Postmodern) reinforces the controversy in individual and collective relations, stimulates social disintegration, blurs individual and collective identities. The issue of the nonlinear, cyclic approach to the highlighting of the interaction of archetypes of individual and collective remains open. For every person living in the society in one way or another is connected with the information-energy interaction between society and the individual, between “WE” and “I”. Postmodernity also actualizes the other side of social life of a human being, society and civilization, which is a cyclical psychosocial process. Each of the stages of this process reveals, as evidenced by the research of the Ukrainian school of archetypes, national peculiarities of social systems, as well as typical for one or another historical epoch psychosocial characteristics, and socio-historical development appears as interaction of mental and social structures.
Efficiency and Power Limits of Electrical and Tendon-Sheath Transmissions for Surgical Robotics
Authors: Wagner Christopher R. , Emmanouil Evangelos
Published: June 2018

A popular design choice in current surgical robotics is to use mechanical cables to transmit mechanical energy from actuators located outside of the body, through a minimally invasive port, to instruments on the inside of the body. These cables enable high performance surgical manipulations including high bandwidth control, precision position control, and high force ability. However, cable drives become less efficient for longer distances, for paths that involve continuous curves, and for transmissions involving multiple degrees of freedom. In this paper, we consider the design tradeoffs for two methods of transmitting power through an access port with limited cross sectional area and curved paths - tendon/sheath mechanical transmissions and electrical wire transmissions. We develop a series of analytic models examining fundamental limits of efficiency, force and power as constrained by access geometry, material properties, and safety limits of heat and electrical hazards for these two transmission types. These models are used to investigate the potential of achieving the required mechanical power requirements needed for surgery with smaller access ports and more difficult access pathways. We show that an electrical transmission is a viable way of delivering more than sufficient power needed for surgery, highlighting the opportunity for next-generation actuators to enable more minimally invasive surgical devices.
Selection of Energy Efficiency Projects for Dwelling Stock to Achieve Optimal Project Portfolio at the Regional Level by Applying LCC. An Analysis Based on Three Scenarios in the South-Muntenia Region of Romania
Authors: Simion Cezar-Petre , Nicolescu Ciprian , Cioc Mihai
Published: June 2018

The joint action of the European directives and the national strategies make the issue of energy efficiency of the dwelling stock one of the main research directions in the field. The purpose of this study is to create and apply a methodology for developing the portfolio of projects to increase the energy efficiency of the dwelling stock at a regional level through the use of life cycle cost. For this, eight types of energy efficiency improvement projects and three implementation scenarios were selected for the dwelling stock. For each project life cycle cost was determined in each county of the South-Muntenia region based on the estimation of the energy requirements, the costs of implementation and exploitation. In all three scenarios, the P3 Energy Efficiency Project (the reference building without shutters under the Romanian normative) had minimal life cycle cost in most counties in the region. For each scenario the life cycle cost was determined for the optimal portfolio of projects at regional level. The maximum scenario was chosen as the optimal scenario for regional implementation.
Vitamin Biosynthesis as an Antifungal Target
Authors: Meir Zohar , Osherov Nir
Published: June 2018

The large increase in the population of immunosuppressed patients, coupled with the limited efficacy of existing antifungals and rising resistance toward them, have dramatically highlighted the need to develop novel drugs for the treatment of invasive fungal infections. An attractive possibility is the identification of possible drug targets within essential fungal metabolic pathways not shared with humans. Here, we review the vitamin biosynthetic pathways (vitamins A–E, K) as candidates for the development of antifungals. We present a set of ranking criteria that identify the vitamin B2 (riboflavin), B5 (pantothenic acid), and B9 (folate) biosynthesis pathways as being particularly rich in new antifungal targets. We propose that recent scientific advances in the fields of drug design and fungal genomics have developed sufficiently to merit a renewed look at these pathways as promising sources for the development of novel classes of antifungals.
Anti-Proliferation Effect of Theasaponin E1 on the ALDH-Positive Ovarian Cancer Stem-Like Cells
Authors: Jia Ling-Yan , Xia Hui-Long , Chen Zhi-Da , Compton Casey , Bucur Heather , Sawant Devendra A. , Rankin Gary O. , Li Bo , Tu You-Ying , Chen Yi Charlie
Published: June 2018

Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological malignancies and the five-year death rate of patients has remained high in the past five decades. Recently, with the rise of cancer stem cells (CSCs) theory, an increasing amount of research has suggested that CSCs give rise to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Theasaponin E1 (TSE1), which was isolated from green tea (Camellia sinensis) seeds, has been proposed to be an effective compound for tumor treatment. However, studies on whether TSE1 takes effect through CSCs have rarely been reported. In this paper, ALDH-positive (ALDH+) ovarian cancer stem-like cells from two platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines A2780/CP70 and OVCAR-3 were used to study the anti-proliferation effect of TSE1 on CSCs. The ALDH+ cells showed significantly stronger sphere forming vitality and stronger cell migration capability. In addition, the stemness marker proteins CD44, Oct-4, Nanog, as well as Bcl-2 and MMP-9 expression levels of ALDH+ cells were upregulated compared with the original tumor cells, indicating that they have certain stem cell characteristics. At the same time, the results showed that TSE1 could inhibit cell proliferation and suspension sphere formation in ALDH+ cells. Our data suggests that TSE1 as a natural compound has the potential to reduce human ovarian cancer mortality. However, more research is still needed to find out the molecular mechanism of TSE1-mediated inhibition of ALDH+ cells and possible drug applications on the disease.
Nitrogen oxides in the global upper troposphere: interpreting cloud-sliced NO2 observations from the OMI satellite instrument
Authors: Marais Eloise A. , Jacob Daniel J. , Choi Sungyeon , Joiner Joanna , Belmonte-Rivas Maria , Cohen Ronald C. , Beirle Steffen , Murray Lee T. , Schiferl Luke , Shah Viral , Jaeglé Lyatt
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Nitrogen oxides (NOx ≡ NO + NO2) in the upper troposphere (UT) have a large impact on global tropospheric ozone and OH (the main atmospheric oxidant). New cloud-sliced observations of UT NO2 at 450–280 hPa (~ 6–9 km) from the OMI satellite instrument produced by NASA and KNMI provide global coverage to test our understanding of the factors controlling UT NOx. We find that these products offer useful information when averaged over coarse scales (20° × 32°, seasonal), and that the NASA product is more consistent with aircraft observations of UT NO2. Correlation with LIS/OTD satellite observations of lightning flash frequencies shows that lightning is the dominant source of NOx to the upper troposphere except for extratropical latitudes in winter. We infer a global mean NOx yield of 280 moles per lightning flash, with no significant difference between the tropics and mid-latitudes, and a global lightning NOx source of 5.6 Tg N a−1. There is indication that the NOx yield per flash increases with lightning flash footprint and with flash energy.
Regional Climate Model Evaluation System powered by Apache Open Climate Workbench v1.3.0: an enabling tool for facilitating regional climate studies
Authors: Lee Huikyo , Goodman Alexander , McGibbney Lewis , Waliser Duane , Kim Jinwon , Loikith Paul , Gibson Peter , Massoud Elias
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The Regional Climate Model Evaluation System (RCMES) is an enabling tool of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to support the United States National Climate Assessment. As a comprehensive system for evaluating climate models on regional and continental scales using observational datasets from a variety of sources, RCMES is designed to yield information on the performance of climate models and guide their improvement. Here we present a user-oriented document describing the latest version of RCMES, its development process and future plans for improvements. The main objective of RCMES is to facilitate the climate model evaluation process at regional scales. RCMES provides a framework for performing systematic evaluations of climate simulations, such as those from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), using in-situ observations as well as satellite and reanalysis data products. The main components of RCMES are: 1) a database of observations widely used for climate model evaluation, 2) various data loaders to import climate models and observations in different formats, 3) a versatile processor to subset and regrid the loaded datasets, 4) performance metrics designed to assess and quantify model skill, 5) plotting routines to visualize the performance metrics, 6) a toolkit for statistically downscaling climate model simulations, and 7) two installation packages to maximize convenience of users without Python skills. RCMES website is maintained up to date with brief explanation of these components. Although there are other open-source software (OSS) toolkits that facilitate analysis and evaluation of climate models, there is a need for climate scientists to participate in the development and customization of OSS to study regional climate change. To establish infrastructure and to ensure software sustainability, development of RCMES is an open, publicly accessible process enabled by leveraging the Apache Software Foundation's OSS library, Apache Open Climate Workbench (OCW). The OCW software that powers RCMES includes a Python OSS library for common climate model evaluation tasks as well as a set of user-friendly interfaces for quickly configuring a model evaluation task. OCW also allows users to build their own climate data analysis tools, such as the statistical downscaling toolkit provided as a part of RCMES.
A Closer Look at User Centered Design
Authors: Kucera Ann
Published: June 2018

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Information Technology and Libraries at 50: The 1970s in Review
Authors: Shores Sandra J
Published: June 2018

An overview of the articles published in the Journal of Library Automation during the 1970s.
Comparing procedures on the acquisition and generalization of tacts for children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Schnell Lauren K. , Vladescu Jason C. , Kodak Tiffany , Nottingham Casey L.
Published: June 2018

Generalization is a critical outcome for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who display new skills in a limited range of contexts. In the absence of proper planning, generalization may not be observed. The purpose of the current study was to directly compare serial to concurrent multiple exemplar training using total training time per exemplar, mean total training time, and exposures to mastery across three children diagnosed with ASD. Additionally, we assessed the efficiency of presenting secondary targets in the antecedent and consequence portions of learning trials and evaluated generalization to tacts not associated with direct teaching. Results suggested that all training conditions produced acquisition and generalization for trained and untrained exemplars. However, the serial multiple exemplar training condition was more efficient for two participants, whereas the instructive feedback condition was the most efficient for the third. Findings are discussed considering previous studies and areas for future research.
The effects of high‐p and low‐p instruction similarity on compliance among young children
Authors: Lipschultz Joshua L. , Wilder David A. , Ertel Hallie , Enderli Amy
Published: June 2018

The high‐probability (high‐p) instructional sequence involves the delivery of a series of high‐probability instructions immediately before delivery of a low‐probability or target instruction. It has been shown to be efficacious for treating noncompliance among children and individuals with intellectual disabilities. Previous research (Esch & Fryling, ) has suggested that matching the topography of the response required to comply with high‐p instructions with the topography of the response required to comply with the low‐p instruction in the sequence may lead to greater increases in compliance with the low‐p instruction. In this study, we compared high‐p instructions that required both similar and dissimilar responses to two topographies of low‐p instructions (motor and vocal) among two young children. Results suggested that the topography of the response required by the high‐p instructions did not affect levels of compliance with low‐p instructions for either participant. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.
In the service of artists – symbiosis and creative engagement in collection development strategy at NIVAL: National Irish Visual Arts Library
Authors: Romano Donna
Published: June 2018

This paper explores the essential and dynamic relationship between the artist and the institution in building the public record of arts activity. It examines the lifecycle of artist-generated documentation and the various methods of engagement with the library that result in material contributions to the collection.

Taking the view that NIVAL is an essentially democratic project in both collection development and access strategies, the paper presents an introduction to the genesis of the library, and outlines some of the ways in which contemporary artists are supporting the role of NIVAL as ‘living archive’. The paper examines a number of recent collaborative projects with practising artists including Jennie Guy, artists’ collaborative Floating World and National College of Art & Design Communication Design students that attest to the regenerative effect of direct engagement by artists in the process of legacy building.
NOTES ON THE ‘NEW APULEIUS’
Authors: Hays Gregory
Published: June 2018

Justin Stover has recently edited a collection of Platonic placita, organized by individual dialogue, which he identifies as the lost third book of Apuleius’ De Platone. The work is preserved only in a thirteenth-century manuscript, Vatican BAV Reg. lat. 1572 (= R). The manuscript is filled with trivial errors, including a large number of one-word or two-word lacunae. Stover has worked ably to clean up the text and many of his emendations are uncontroversial. But any editio princeps is likely to be susceptible of improvement. I offer here some notes on a few points where I think either the text or Stover's translation and commentary can be bettered. I am not primarily concerned here with the ascription to Apuleius (if the work is not by Apuleius, it must in any case be by a Middle Platonist roughly contemporary with him), although one or two points may have some relevance to this question.
Counterfactual Narratives of the Civil War and Slavery
Authors: DUBEY MADHU
Published: June 2018

This essay examines an overlooked dimension of the American literary preoccupation with slavery since the 1970s – the mass-market genre of alternate histories of the Civil War that began to proliferate after the end of the civil rights movement. Focussing on the genre's unique blend of historical realism and counterfactual speculation, the essay argues that these novels turn to the Civil War in order to reevaluate the trajectory of US racial history and to reckon with the dramatic racial realignments of the post-civil rights period.
Monumental Latin Inscriptions from Roman Britain in the Ashmolean Museum Collection
Authors: Cooley Alison E.
Published: June 2018

This article presents some of the results of the Ashmolean Latin Inscriptions Project (funded by the AHRC 2013–2017), with new editions and commentaries on inscriptions from Roman Britain in the Ashmolean Museum. It offers an evaluation of these inscriptions based upon autopsy and digital imaging (Reflectance Transformation Imaging), and includes new photographs of them. It offers insights into the culture and society of Roman Britain as well as into the changing attitudes towards Romano-British antiquities in modern Britain from the 1600s onwards.
HAUNTED: ON THE NEW ARABIC TRANSLATION OF SARTRE'SANTI-SEMITE AND JEW
Authors: DI-CAPUA YOAV
Published: June 2018

Two years ago, without any apparent explanation, a little-known Egyptian scholar translated Jean-Paul Sartre'sAnti-Semite and Jew(originally published asRéflexions sur la Question Juive, 1946) into Arabic. Widely acknowledged as an experimental and highly influential theory of anti-Semitism in the 1960s, Sartre's text had already had a profound, yet indirect, influence on an entire class of left-wing Arab intellectuals who used it in order to figure out their relationship with the colonizer; that is, with their Otherness. Though these intellectuals readAnti-Semite and Jewin French, it still remained one of Sartre's very few works that had never been translated into Arabic. How so? Addressing this question, this article offers a genealogy of non-translation that revisits the accumulative process by which Sartre's text acquired the status of a haunted and, hence, untranslatable text. Situated at the juncture where anti-Semitism, Zionism, and revolutionary Arab politics intersect, the text became entangled in the ethical politics of the conflict and, after the 1967 war, became associated with the collapse of the Arab revolutionary project and with Sartre's betrayal of the Arab cause. Thereafter, the work of leftist intellectuals who had drawn on Sartre to reject anti-Semitism was forgotten, and an anti-Semitic sentiment that rejects the original message ofAnti-Semite and Jewslowly settled in. Beyond dissecting the process by which a text becomes haunted, this article also states the need for an original theorization of anti-Semitism that is culturally specific to the Arab world rather than derivative of European experience.
Microalgae: From Bio-based Curiosity Towards a Bulk Feedstock
Authors: ‘t Lam G. P. , Vermuë M. H. , Janssen M. , Barbosa M. J. , Wijffels R. H. , Eppink M. H. M. , van den Berg C.
Published: June 2018

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in microalgae cultivation and downstream processing with a focus on microalgae biorefinery. Microalgae are promising feedstocks for the production of a variety of bulk compounds in the near future. Current process designs typically consist of microalgae cultivation, harvesting, cell disruption and finally a product extraction/fractionation step. For every unit operation, the latest insights are discussed. From this overview, the current state-of-development and future directions towards large scale bulk-chemical production from microalgae are discussed.
Alternative Energy Forms in Manufacturing, Processing and Applications of Biopolymers and Biomaterials
Authors: Stankiewicz A. I.
Published: June 2018

Alternative energy forms and transfer mechanisms present an important domain of Process Intensification. They include, among other things, electric, magnetic, electromagnetic and acoustic fields. The current chapter discusses research developments and applications of those types of energy in the manufacturing and processing of natural polymers and biomaterials. In this area, alternative energy forms play diverse roles which are both process- and product-oriented. They result either in process intensification effects (e.g. shortening of the reaction time or more efficient separation) or in product property effects (e.g. new structures, surface functionalization or improved drug release), which are often not achievable with conventional methods. With health being one of the great societal challenges in the coming decennia, such tailored products with their unique properties will be of increasing importance for a broad range of medical applications, from body parts replacements and tissue repairs to targeted drug delivery and advanced diagnostics. Commercial manufacturing of those products using alternative energy forms requires development of reliable scale-up methodologies based on deep understanding of the underlying phenomena and energy–material interactions.