bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid places
Authors: Tufi Stefania
Published: September 2022

This article is about adaptations to the regimentation of public and private living through the reorganisation of domestic space and time routines a year into changeable Covid-related restrictions. The discussion is based on narratives and audio-visual artefacts generated by participants from 20 UK households through the methodology of photovoice and that articulate domestic-related boundary-making processes and forms of space hybridisation in the ongoing changes caused by the pandemic. In the article, Covid-19 signage is represented by language and other semiotic markings that engender an inside spatial and social semiotics and that stands in a dialogic relationship with the outside spatial and social semiotics as dictated by the pandemic, and where domestic landscapes articulate forms of transmedia code-mixing that invest written words, sounds, and screens.
‘Together, soon enough’
Authors: Comer Joseph
Published: September 2022

Orienting to theoretical descriptions of ‘affective-discursive practices’ (Wetherell, 2012) and linguistic/semiotic landscapes as ‘affective regimes’ (Wee, 2016), this paper accounts for (some of) the complex ways in which the experience of pandemic and lockdown was articulated and felt across the landscape of Melbourne. I employ a novel combination of autoethnographic and citizen sociolinguistic approaches as self-reflexive research techniques. Working more-or-less chronologically, from the lowest ebbs to feelings of (relative) joy, importantly, this paper does not focus solely on negative articulations such as sadness or anxiety. Rather, it examines the affective resonance of expressions of love, kindness, and resilience in the landscape, and these affects’ intersection with chronotopes during and since isolation; from being locked down, to keeping spirits up, from top-down to bottom-up. This paper concludes with an orientation to hope: to Melburnians’ rejoicing in what they’ve achieved, and the belief that there can be an end to crisis.
Utilisation of steel slag as welding flux and its chemical and thermal characterisation
Authors: Saini Sumit , Singh Kulwant
Published: September 2022

A novel study on structural analysis of crystalline phases present in steel slag was conducted, which advocates the utilisation of steel slag for developing welding flux. This study plans to characterise chemical and thermal analysis of waste steel slag generated by steel making plant to ensure its compatibility and suitability for manufacturing of flux required for the submerged arc welding process. Based on these studies, five fluxes using steel slag as raw material were developed by the agglomeration process. The required deoxidisers and alloying elements were added during recycling to enhance their performance. The Spectro analysis of weld metal revealed that the carbon content of weld metal has increased from 0.04 to 0.06% with the addition of CaCO3 from 10 to 12%.
Megakaryopoiesis impairment through acute innate immune signaling activation by azacitidine
Authors: Okoye-Okafor Ujunwa Cynthia , Javarappa Komal K. , Tsallos Dimitrios , Saad Joseph , Yang Daozheng , Zhang Chi , Benard Lumie , Thiruthuvanathan Victor J. , Cole Sally , Ruiz Stephen , Tatiparthy Madhuri , Choudhary Gaurav , DeFronzo Stefanie , Bartholdy Boris A. , Pallaud Celine , Ramos Pedro Marques , Shastri Aditi , Verma Amit , Heckman Caroline A. , Will Britta
Published: September 2022

Thrombocytopenia, prevalent in the majority of patients with myeloid malignancies, such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML), is an independent adverse prognostic factor. Azacitidine (AZA), a mainstay therapeutic agent for stem cell transplant–ineligible patients with MDS/AML, often transiently induces or further aggravates disease-associated thrombocytopenia by an unknown mechanism. Here, we uncover the critical role of an acute type-I interferon (IFN-I) signaling activation in suppressing megakaryopoiesis in AZA-mediated thrombocytopenia. We demonstrate that megakaryocytic lineage-primed progenitors present IFN-I receptors and, upon AZA exposure, engage STAT1/SOCS1-dependent downstream signaling prematurely attenuating thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R) signaling and constraining megakaryocytic progenitor cell growth and differentiation following TPO-R stimulation. Our findings directly implicate RNA demethylation and IFN-I signal activation as a root cause for AZA-mediated thrombocytopenia and suggest mitigation of TPO-R inhibitory innate immune signaling as a suitable therapeutic strategy to support platelet production, particularly during the early phases of AZA therapy.
Comparison of four-terminal-pair 1 pF, 10 pF, 100 pF and 1000 pF capacitance standards at frequencies of 10 kHz, 100 kHz, 1 MHz and 10 MHz (APMP.EM-S15)
Authors: Dai Dongxue , Yang Yan , Satish  , Homklintian Monthol
Published: September 2022

Main text

In order to calibrate an LCR meter, metrological traceability of capacitance above 10 kHz becomes more and more important. For this reason, NIM (National Institute of Metrology, China)，NPLI (National Physical Laboratory, India) and NIMT (National Institute of Metrology, Thailand) have carried out research on capacitance metrology from 10 kHz to 10 MHz.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Report on the comparison of the realisations of the ITS-90 over the range 234.315 6 K to 933.473 K between Centro Español de Metrología (CEM) and Instituto Nacional de Metrología (SIM.T-K9.2)
Authors: Campo Dolores del , Gómez Elena , Sánchez Ciro Alberto , Méndez-Lango Edgar , Andrés Carvajal Sergio , Bohórquez Andrés Jhovanny
Published: September 2022

Main text

The comparison of the realization of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS- 90) over the range 234,315 6 K (triple point of mercury) to 993,473 K (freezing point of aluminium) in the National Metrology Institutes of Spain (Centro Español de Metrología - CEM) and Colombia (Instituto Nacional de Metrología - INM) has been organized with the aim to provide support to the Calibration Measurement Capabilities claimed by INM in this range. Due to the participation of CEM in the regional comparison EUROMET.T-K9, the linkage with the corresponding key comparison, CCT-K9, is possible.

The measurements of this comparison were performed during September 2018 and June 2020.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Co-57 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 57Co to include the 2013 result of the POLATOM (Poland), the 2015 result of the NMISA (South Africa), the 2021 result of the CMI (Czech Republic), and to link the CCRI(II)-S6.Co-57 comparison
Authors: Michotte C , Courte S , Nonis M , Coulon R , Ratel G , Zimmerman B , Dziel T , Muklanowicz A , Ziemek T , Staden M J van , Rooy M W van , Lubbe J , Sochorová J , Auerbach P
Published: September 2022

Main text

Three new participations in the BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Co-57 comparison have been added to the previous results and this has produced a revised value for the key comparison reference value (KCRV), calculated using the power-moderated weighted mean. A link has been made to the CCRI(II)-S6.Co-57 comparison piloted by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 2008 for which one sample of the 57Co radioactive solution was sent to the SIR. Two NMIs used the S6 comparison to update their degree of equivalence. The degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the International Reference System (SIR) and the KCRV have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table for the remaining seven NMIs in the BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Co-57 comparison and the three eligible participants in the CCRI(II)-S6.Co-57 comparison. A graphical presentation is also given.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report, ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, ozone at ambient level, comparison with INRIM, February 2022
Authors: Viallon Joële , Idrees Faraz , Moussay Philippe , Wielgosz Robert , Revel Laura , Zucco Massimo
Published: September 2022

Main text

As part of the ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, a comparison has been performed between the ozone national standard of Italy maintained by the Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM) and the common reference standard of the key comparison, maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The instruments have been compared over a nominal ozone amount fraction range of 0 nmol/mol to 500 nmol/mol.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Incommensurate Magnetic Order in Sm3BWO9 with Distorted Kagome Lattice
Authors: Zeng Kai-Yue , Song Fang-Yuan , Ling Lang-Sheng , Tong Wei , Li Shi-Liang , Tian Zhao-Ming , Ma Long , Pi Li
Published: September 2022

We investigate the magnetic ground state of Sm3BWO9 with a distorted kagome lattice. A magnetic phase transition is identified at T
N = 0.75 K from the temperature dependence of specific heat. From 11B nuclear magnetic resonance measurements, an incommensurate magnetic order is shown by the double-horn type spectra under a c-axis magnetic field, and absence of line splitting is observed for field oriented within the ab-plane, indicating the incommensurate modulation of the internal field strictly along c-axis. From the spin dynamics, the critical slowing-down behavior is observed in the temperature dependence of 1/T
1 with μ
0
H⊥c-axis, which is completely absent in the case with μ
0
H||c-axis. Based on the local symmetry of 11B sites, we analyze the hyperfine coupling tensors and propose two constraints on the possible magnetic structure. The single ion anisotropy should play an important role in determination of contrasting ground states of Sm3BWO9 and Pr3BWO9.
A high-order shock capturing discontinuous Galerkin–finite difference hybrid method for GRMHD
Authors: Deppe Nils , Hébert François , Kidder Lawrence E , Teukolsky Saul A
Published: September 2022

We present a discontinuous Galerkin (DG)–finite difference (FD) hybrid scheme that allows high-order shock capturing with the DG method for general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics. The hybrid method is conceptually quite simple. An unlimited DG candidate solution is computed for the next time step. If the candidate solution is inadmissible, the time step is retaken using robust FD methods. Because of its a posteriori nature, the hybrid scheme inherits the best properties of both methods. It is high-order with exponential convergence in smooth regions, while robustly handling discontinuities. We give a detailed description of how we transfer the solution between the DG and FD solvers, and the troubled-cell indicators necessary to robustly handle slow-moving discontinuities and simulate magnetized neutron stars. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method using a suite of standard and very challenging 1D, 2D, and 3D relativistic magnetohydrodynamics test problems. The hybrid scheme is designed from the ground up to efficiently simulate astrophysical problems such as the inspiral, coalescence, and merger of two neutron stars.
Study on superconducting properties of CeIrIn5 thin films grown via pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Kang Ji-Hoon , Kim Jihyun , Park Tae Beom , Choi Woo Seok , Park Sungmin , Park Tuson
Published: September 2022

We report the growth of CeIrIn5 thin films with different crystal orientations on a MgF2 (001) substrate using pulsed laser deposition technique. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the thin films were either mainly a-axis-oriented (TF1) or a combination of a- and c-axis-oriented (TF2). The characteristic features of heavy-fermion superconductors, i.e. Kondo coherence and superconductivity, were clearly observed, where the superconducting transition temperature (T
c) and Kondo coherence temperature (T
coh) are 0.58 K and 41 K for TF1 and 0.52 K and 37 K for TF2, respectively. The temperature dependencies of the upper critical field (Hc

2) of both thin films and the CeIrIn5 single crystal revealed a scaling behavior, indicating that the nature of unconventional superconductivity has not been changed in the thin film. The successful synthesis of CeIrIn5 thin films is expected to open a new avenue for novel quantum phases that may have been difficult to explore in the bulk crystalline samples.
Bandgap manipulation of single and multi-frequency smart metastructures with random impedance disorder
Authors: Machado M R , Moura B B , Dey S , Mukhopadhyay T
Published: September 2022

Metamaterials and metastructures usually exhibit some form of periodicity that is broken due to randomness in the media, affecting the vibration and elastic wave propagation performance. Disorder in the periodicity caused by the variability in properties or geometry may lead to interesting physical phenomena such as trapping and scattering waves, wave reflection, and energy localisation. While the randomness may be attributed to manufacturing irregularities and quantifying its effect is crucial for ensuring adequate performance of a range of smart systems, and these effects can also be exploited for manipulating the wave properties. Here we investigate a smart metastructure in the form of a beam integrated with piezoelectric transducers coupled to a resonant shunt circuit. The piezoelectric shunt in a periodical arrangement can induce locally resonant bandgaps that can be employed in wave (and vibration) manipulation and control. This paper quantifies the uncertainty associated with electrical circuit components that affect the circuit impedance influencing wave and vibration control features. The smart unimorph meta-beam is formulated by spectral element method based on the Hamiltonian principle, and dispersion curves are estimated using the spectral transfer matrix method that relies on the Bloch-Floquet theorem. The first and second statistical moments are obtained from the stochastic simulations (

∼

10
4

realizations) that could be realized efficiently due to the current development of spectral element approach for analysing the disordered system. Further experimental validation and exploration of shunt circuit confirms the need to include the stochastic information on the numerical model used to design the metastructure. Numerical results of the unimorph meta-beam with single and multi-frequency shunt configuration show that the bandgap behaviour is sensitive to the random disorder associated with circuit impedance parameters. Such disorder can be exploited for enhanced functionalities of the meta-beam based on optimal RL shunt circuits for controlling structural vibration response along with wave propagation and attenuation.
Geometrically nonlinear model of piezoelectric wind energy harvesters based on vortex-induced vibration and galloping
Authors: Li Jiajie , Li Shen , He Xuefeng , Yang Xiaokang , Ye Yizhou , Li Jinghua
Published: September 2022

The interaction between vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and galloping could enhance the performance of wind energy harvesters (WEHs). Though VIV-galloping interaction may cause large amplitude wind-induced vibrations, the effects of geometrical nonlinearity were not considered in the modeling of VIV-galloping interactive piezoelectric WEHs (PWEHs). In this work, based on the extended Hamilton’s principle, a geometrically nonlinear model (GNM) of cantilevered PWEHs with VIV-galloping interaction was derived. The model includes both the transverse and axial aerodynamic forces, and considers the effect of the rotation of the bluff body on the aerodynamic forces. The aerodynamic coefficients were extracted by a piecewise polynomial fitting in a relatively large range of angle of attack for the square cross-sectional bluff body. Two flexible PWEH prototypes were fabricated and tested in a small wind tunnel to verify the proposed model. After the mechanical damping ratio of the low-coupling piezoelectric energy harvester prototypes were identified based on purely electrical measurements, the steady-state root mean square voltages of the prototypes with increasing wind speed were worked out using geometrically linear model (GLM) and the proposed GNM, respectively, and then compared with experiments. Both models can accurately predict the VIV-galloping interaction, but GNM is much more accurate than GLM at a relatively high wind speed. The proposed GNM provides a powerful tool to develop VIV-galloping interactive PWEHs.
Speed limits of the trace distance for open quantum system
Authors: Nakajima Satoshi , Utsumi Yasuhiro
Published: September 2022

We investigate the speed limit of the state transformation in open quantum systems described by the Lindblad type quantum master equation. We obtain universal bounds of the total entropy production described by the trace distance between the initial and final states in the interaction picture. Our bounds can be tighter than the bound of Vu and Hasegawa (2021 Phys. Rev. Lett.
126 010601) which measures the distance by the eigenvalues of the initial and final states: this distance is less than or equal to the trace distance. For this reason, our results can significantly improve Vu–Hasegawa’s bound. The trace distance in the Schrödinger picture is bounded by a sum of the trace distance in the interaction picture and the trace distance for unitary dynamics described by only the Hamiltonian in the quantum master equation.
On the mechanism of multiscroll chaos generation in coupled non-oscillatory rayleigh-duffing oscillators
Authors: Balamurali Ramakrishnan , Telem Adélaïde Nicole Kengnou , Kengne Jacques , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Hermann-Dior Mekak-egong
Published: September 2022

We investigate the dynamics of a pair of coupled non oscillatory Rayleigh-Duffing oscillators (RDOs here after). The RDO serves as a model for a class of nonlinear oscillators including microwave Gunn oscillators [Guin et al Comm. in Nonlinear Sci. Numerical Simulat, 2017]. Here, the coupling between the two oscillators is obtained by superimposing to each one’s amplitude a perturbation proportional to the other one. We demonstrate that the coupling induces more equilibrium points and results in extremely complex nonlinear behaviors including multistability (up to six coexisting attractors), multiple Hopf bifurcations, multi-scroll chaos, and coexisting bifurcation trees. These phenomena are studied in detail by utilizing one-parametric bifurcation plots, bi-parametric Lyapunov exponent diagrams, phase space trajectory plots, and basins of attraction as well. Experimental results captured from an Arduino microcontroller-based realization of the coupled RDOs are included to support the observations made through numerical analysis. We would like to point out that the coupling scheme followed in this work may stimulate the research on multiscroll chaos generation based on coupled nonlinear oscillators.
A new insight into defective one-dimensional dielectric-graphene photonic crystals
Authors: Saleki Ziba
Published: September 2022

The transmission properties of a defective one-dimensional dielectric-graphene stack are investigated by employing the transfer matrix method in the THz frequency range. The structure containing silicon dioxide as a defect layer consists of polyethylene and graphene nano-layers arranged in the pattern of (AG)
N

D(GA)
M
. The effect of the iteration numbers on the defect mode properties is studied to optimize the transmission peak. Analyzing structure with optimal iteration numbers indicates that the full width of half maximum is highly decreased. Subsequently, the quality factor is substantially enhanced as the thickness of the defect layer increases. It is also discussed how several parameters such as the incident angle, the state of polarization, and the permittivity of the layers affect the defect mode’s behavior. Our findings show that only in the case of ϵ

A
< 3 one can obtain the localized defect mode at frequencies between 1 and 2 THz. We also study the transmission characteristics with a focus on the variation of permittivity of the constituent layers. By increasing the incident angle, the peak intensity for the TM-polarized wave grows slightly, while it decreases for the TE-polarized wave. However, these changes are more striking in the case of ϵ

A
= 1 as compared to those in the case of ϵ

A
= 2.25. Photonic devices utilizing such defective structures may find application in filters and sensors operating in the THz range.
Evaluation of neutron spectra and different fluences inside a radiotherapy room with a modified simple geometry of LINAC head
Authors: As-habi Mahdieh , Khabaz Rahim , Khoshbin-khoshnazar Alireza
Published: September 2022

The photoneutron spectra and ambient dose equivalent were determined in a radiotherapy room with a 15 MV linear accelerator using Monte Carlo simulation. A modified simple geometry of the accelerator’s head was modeled by different simulations. Then, by putting it in a radiotherapy room, the photoneutron spectra at different distances from the isocenter and in the maze were determined. The source term spectrum is due to evaporation, and knock-on neutrons. In the presence of the walls, as the distance from isocenter is increased, evaporation and knock-on neutrons are reduced; however, epithermal and thermal neutrons tend to remain constant. The walls also play an influential role in increasing the photoneutron ambient dose equivalent. Subsequently, by placing this modified accelerator’s head in the radiotherapy room, the coefficients of scattered and thermal fluences were also estimated.
Multi-field cold and warm inflation and the de Sitter swampland conjectures
Authors: Bertolami Orfeu , M. Sá Paulo
Published: September 2022

We discuss under which conditions multi-field cold and warm
inflationary models with canonical kinetic energy terms are compatible
with the swampland conjectures about the emergence of de Sitter solutions
in string theory. We find that under quite general conditions the slow-roll
conditions for multi-field cold inflation are at odds with the swampland
conjectures for an arbitrary number of scalar fields driving inflation.
However, slow-roll conditions can be reconciled with the swampland conjectures
in the strong dissipative regime of warm inflation.
A new observable for cosmic shear
Authors: Francfort Jérémie , Durrer Ruth , Cusin Giulia
Published: September 2022

In this paper we introduce a new observable to measure cosmic shear. We show that if we can measure with good accuracy both the orientation of a galaxy and the polarisation direction of its radio emission, the angle between them is sensitive to the foreground cosmic shear. Even if the signal-to-noise ratio for a single measurement is expected to be rather small, the fact that all galaxies in a given pixel are subject to the same shear can be used to overcome the noise. An additional advantage of this observable is that the signal is not plagued by intrinsic alignment. We estimate the SNR for the shear correlation functions ζ±(μ,z
1, z
2) measured in this way with the future SKA II survey.
Recent advances in quasi-2D superconductors via organic molecule intercalation
Authors: Shi Mengzhu , Kang Baolei , Wu Tao , Chen Xianhui
Published: September 2022

Superconductivity at the 2D limit shows emergent novel quantum phenomena, including anomalously enhanced H
c2, quantum metallic states and quantum Griffiths singularity, which has attracted much attention in the field of condensed matter physics. In this article, we focus on new advances in quasi-2D superconductors in the bulk phase using an organic molecular electrochemical intercalation method. The enhanced superconductivity and emergent pseudogap behavior in these quasi-2D superconductors are summarized with a further prospect.
Recent advances of interface engineering in inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yu Shiqi , Xiong Zhuang , Wang Zhenhan , Zhou Haitao , Ma Fei , Qu Zihan , Zhao Yang , Chu Xinbo , You Jingbi
Published: September 2022

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have witnessed great achievement in the past decade. Most of previous researches focus on the n–i–p structure of PSCs with ultra-high efficiency. While the n–i–p devices usually used the unstable charge transport layers, such as the hygroscopic doped spiro-OMeTAD, which affect the long-term stability. The inverted device with the p–i–n structure owns better stability when using stable undoped organic molecular or metal oxide materials. There are significant progresses in inverted PSCs, most of them related to charge transport or interface engineering. In this review, we will mainly summarize the inverted PSCs progresses related to the interface engineering. After that, we prospect the future direction on inverted PSCs.
Microstructure of charged AdS black hole with minimal length effects*
Authors: Bai Ningchen , He Aoyun , Tao Jun
Published: September 2022

In this work, the microstructure of charged AdS black holes under minimal length effects is investigated. We study the thermodynamics of black holes in the extended phase space, where the cosmological constant is regarded as the thermodynamic pressure. The modified Hawking temperature and phase transition are obtained based on the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). Then, using thermodynamic geometry, the microstructure of black holes can be determined by the ratio of the GUP parameter to charge. For a small ratio, the black hole exhibits the typical RN-AdS microstructure with van der Waals phase transition and repulsive/attractive interactions. As the ratio increases, the reentrant phase transition is observed, and both the repulsion-attraction coexisted and the attraction dominated black holes are noted. For a large ratio, the black hole behaves like a Schwarzchild-AdS black hole in which neither phase transition nor repulsive interaction are observed. These results suggest that the GUP effect will reduce the repulsive interaction presented by the charged AdS black hole.
River Water Quality Prediction and index classification using Machine Learning
Authors: Nair Jitha P , Vijaya M S
Published: September 2022

Various pollutants have had a substantial impact on the quality of water in recent years. The quality of water directly impacts human health and the environment. The water quality index (WQI) is an indicator of effective water management. Water quality modelling and prediction have become essential in the fight against water pollution. The research aims to build an efficient prediction model for river water quality and to categorize the index value according to the water quality standards. The data has been collected from eleven sampling stations located in various locations across the Bhavani River, which flows through Kerala and Tamilnadu. The water quality index is determined by 27different parameters affecting water quality like dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, coliform, etc. Data normalization and feature selection are done to construct the dataset to develop machine learning models. Machine learning algorithms such as linear regression, MLP regressor, support vector regressor and random forest has been employed to build a water quality prediction model. Support vector machines (SVM), naïve bayes, decision trees, MLP classifiers, have been used to develop a classification model for classifying water quality index. The experimental results revealed that the MLP regressor efficiently predicts the water Quality index with root mean squared error as 2.432, MLP classifier classifies the water quality index with 81% accuracy. The developed models show promising output concerning water quality index prediction and classification.
Implementation of Automatic Temperature Control for Confined Area
Authors: Samath Manitha , Kamath Surekha , Nayak Varsha , Tendulkar Deeksha
Published: September 2022

The main aim of this paper is to develop a low cost system which keeps the room temperature at a desired temperature throughout without any human intervention irrespective of any changes in the external environment. The heating system is switched on if the surrounding temperature is less than the desired temperature or the cooling system is switched as the temperature sensed by the sensor goes above the surrounding temperature. Nevertheless, these kind of systems still needs some kind of improvement for being a better alternative.
Smart Framework for Automatic Control of Home Appliances Using IoT
Authors: Gundavarapu Mallikarjuna Rao , Ineni Srineeth Kumar , Sathvika K. , Keshava Gannavaram Shiva , Charan Uppala Rishik
Published: September 2022

With the advent of the 21st century, comfort and efficiency started becoming a part of a common man’s life. Virtual assistants like Amazon Alexa and mobile applications like Google Assistant have tremendously helped in making Home Automation Systems more effortless and orderly. Efforts are still being made for better intra-connection of our homes. Home automation has created a great impact in the field of the Internet Of Things. In this paper, we have used the pre-existing technology of Alexa Echo to make Home Automation more cost-effective by enabling non-smart devices to react to the virtual assistant. In this framework, we proposed a smart node (relay) that can remotely control the connected electrical gadget using text/voice commands. The status can be monitored and controlled by the Alexa app remotely without the need for physical voice commands to Alexa. Further, room ambience, as well as emotion-based lighting, can be provided.
Moving Object Detection and Speed Estimation by Digital Image Processing
Authors: Khasim K N V , Anilkumar G , Vamshi G , Ch Sai kumar , Nikhil Yadav M
Published: September 2022

Intelligent network systems and security surveillance are used for smart city development. Manual and heritage technology is used in surveillance systems to detect speeds higher than usual in developing countries. This process can be automated with ease by leveraging the potential of image processing. Moving object detection is one of the essential tasks in image processing because of its prominent role in many real-world applications. Vehicle speed detection can be achieved by employing image and video processing methods. In this work, a unique approach is proposed for moving object detection and speed estimation based on an integrated approach in video sequence frames as opposed to the most commonly used RADAR and LIDAR devices for traffic law enforcement. Video data is collected and analyzed for speed in real-time without any sensor calibrations,thereby it removes any external hardware dependency requirements. Moving vehicles are segmented out by using frame-subtraction and masking techniques. The proposed algorithm tracks the time taken by the car to cover a predetermined fixed distance in order to calculate its speed.
Comparison of Deep Learning & Adaptive Algorithm Performance for De-Noising EEG
Authors: Al Imran Ibrahim , Rabbani Mamun
Published: September 2022

Various forms of artifacts can readily contaminate an electroencephalogram recorded using surface electrodes. A comparison of several electroencephalogram (EEG) de-noising methods is shown here. Five distinct forms of noise are reduced using three different strategies, and the results are compared. These three procedures are Recursive Least Squares (RLS) adaptive algorithm, Least Mean Squares (LMS) method, and Fully Connected Neural Network (FCNN). The results are shown using time-domain plots of the real EEG signal, noisy EEG signal, and forecasted EEG signal. For comparing the performance of the three de-noising techniques here relative-root-mean-square-error (RRMSE) and signal-to-noise-ratio were used. Here, exploring the values of the parameters, we find that FCNN predicts a better result than other two algorithms.
Wireless Communication for Optical Link in Network
Authors: Sebastian Vindro Jude P. , Kathirvel C. , Venkatesh Kumar S.
Published: September 2022

Laser, as a correspondence medium can give a decent substitute to the present-day correspondence frameworks as the issue of connection point looked on account of EM waves, isn’t there and a high arrangement of mystery is accessible. Optical correspondence offers a practical option in contrast to RF interchanges for between satellite connections and different applications where superior execution joins are a need. This paper is planned to give an outline of advancement that has been achieved with the assistance of lasers to send sound and explains on the way things are being utilized alongside future turns of events. In the transmitter, the power of the laser point of support is managed by the consequence of the code oscillator. Utilizing a push to on switch the tone oscillator is initiated to alarm the individual at the collector end prior to beginning a voice correspondence utilizing the mouthpiece. The beneficiary gets the power changed. We will dissect the outcome utilizing sun powered chargers and standard optical identifiers (Light-dependent resistors).
Driver Drowsiness Detection and Monitoring System using Machine Learning
Authors: Chinthalachervu Rohith , Teja Immaneni , Ajay Kumar M. , Sai Harshith N. , Santosh Kumar T.
Published: September 2022

In the present world, lots of road accidents take place due to the lack of attention and alertness of driver. This is termed as driver drowsiness. This leads to a lot of unfortunate situations causing adverse damage to human lives. The main goal of this research is the detection of driver drowsiness and an appropriate response to the detection. There are many methods which are based on the motion of the vehicle or based on the driver’s behavior. One of the methods is the physiological method which helps in distracting the driver from drowsiness and making him alert. And few methods require expensive sensors and deals with a lot of data. Therefore, this paper develops a system for detecting drowsiness in real time with proper procedure and accuracy which is acceptable. In this system, the driver’s facial expressions are captured and recorded using a webcam. Every movement in each frame is detected using few techniques of image processing. The Eye Aspect Ratio, Mouth Opening Ratio, and Nose Length Ratio are calculated using the landmark points on the face. The calculated values are compared to the threshold values developed by the system and the difference in value leads to the detection. At the same time, the machine learning algorithms are also implemented in offline manner. Based on the classification, the system has successfully achieved 95.58% of sensitivity and 100% of specificity using Support Vector Machine. This model system is compatible with all kinds of vehicles.
Investigation of chordwise functionally graded flexural rigidity in flapping wings using a two-dimensional pitch–plunge model
Authors: Reade Joseph , Jankauski Mark
Published: September 2022

Insect wings are heterogeneous structures, with flexural rigidity varying one to two orders of magnitude over the wing surface. This heterogeneity influences the deformation the flapping wing experiences during flight. However, it is not well understood how this flexural rigidity gradient affects wing performance. Here, we develop a simplified 2D model of a flapping wing as a pitching, plunging airfoil using the assumed mode method and unsteady vortex lattice method to model the structural and fluid dynamics, respectively. We conduct parameter studies to explore how variable flexural rigidity affects mean lift production, power consumption and the forces required to flap the wing. We find that there is an optimal flexural rigidity distribution that maximizes lift production; this distribution generally corresponds to a 3:1 ratio between the wing’s flapping and natural frequencies, though the ratio is sensitive to flapping kinematics. For hovering flight, the optimized flexible wing produces 20% more lift and requires 15% less power compared to a rigid wing but needs 20% higher forces to flap. Even when flapping kinematics deviate from those observed during hover, the flexible wing outperforms the rigid wing in terms of aerodynamic force generation and power across a wide range of flexural rigidity gradients. Peak force requirements and power consumption are inversely proportional with respect to flexural rigidity gradient, which may present a trade-off between insect muscle size and energy storage requirements. The model developed in this work can be used to efficiently investigate other spatially variant morphological or material wing features moving forward.
The American electric utility industry’s role in promoting climate denial, doubt, and delay
Authors: Williams Emily L , Bartone Sydney A , Swanson Emma K , Stokes Leah C
Published: September 2022

It is now well established that fossil fuel companies contributed to undermining climate science and action. In this paper, we examine the extent to which American electric utilities and affiliated organizations’ public messaging contributed to climate denial, doubt, and delay. We examined 188 documents on climate change authored by organizations in and affiliated with the utility industry from 1968 to 2019. Before 1980, electric utilities’ messaging was generally in-line with the scientific understanding of climate change. However, from 1990 to 2000, utility organizations founded and funded front groups that promoted climate doubt and denial. After 2000, these front groups were largely shut down, and utility organizations shifted to arguing for delayed action on climate change, by highlighting the responsibility of other sectors and promoting actions other than cleaning up the electricity system. Overall, our results suggest that electric utility industry organizations have promoted messaging designed to avoid taking action on reducing pollution over multiple decades. Notably, many of the utilities most engaged in communicating climate doubt and denial in the past currently have the slowest plans to decarbonize their electricity mix.
Do long-term high nitrogen inputs change the composition of soil dissolved organic matter in a primary tropical forest?
Authors: Niu Guoxiang , Yin Gege , Mo Xiaohan , Mao Qinggong , Mo Jiangming , Wang Junjian , Lu Xiankai
Published: September 2022

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a key role in forest carbon biogeochemistry by linking soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and water fluxes, which is further shaped by elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. Although enhanced SOC sequestration was evidenced in tropical forests due to rising N deposition, it remains unclear how long-term N inputs affect soil DOM composition, which regulates SOC sequestration capability due to its mobility and biological instability. Here, the quantity, optical properties, and molecular-level characteristics of soil DOM based on a simulative N deposition experiment with four N addition levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 g m−2 yr−1) were studied in a primary tropical forest in south China. Results showed that 18 year N additions significantly altered soil DOM composition, with an increasing trend in soil dissolved organic carbon content. Medium- (10 g m−2 yr−1) and high-N addition (15 g m−2 yr−1) markedly elevated DOM average molecular weight by 12% and aromaticity, with specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm increasing by 17%, modified aromatic index by 35%, and condensed aromatics by 67%. Medium- and high-N addition also increased recalcitrant DOM components but decreased other DOM components, with increasing percentages of lignin-like, tannin-like, and carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecule-like compounds, and decreasing percentage of more bioavailable contributions with H/C ratio >1.5. Importantly, significant correlations of the SOC content of the heavy fraction with optical properties and with recalcitrant DOM components were observed. These findings suggest that long-term N additions may alter soil DOM composition in a way to benefit soil OC storage in the primary tropical forests. It merits focusing on the mechanisms to association of soil DOM dynamics with SOC sequestration.
Projecting the impact of air pollution on child stunting in India—synergies and trade-offs between climate change mitigation, ambient air quality control, and clean cooking access
Authors: Dimitrova Asya , Marois Guillaume , Kiesewetter Gregor , Rafaj Peter , Pachauri Shonali , KC Samir , Olmos Sergio , Rasella Davide , Tonne Cathryn
Published: September 2022

Many children in India face the double burden of high exposure to ambient (AAP) and household air pollution, both of which can affect their linear growth. Although climate change mitigation is expected to decrease AAP, climate policies could increase the cost of clean cooking fuels. Here, we develop a static microsimulation model to project the air pollution-related burden of child stunting in India up to 2050 under four scenarios combining climate change mitigation (2 °C target) with national policies for AAP control and subsidised access to clean cooking. We link data from a nationally representative household survey, satellite-based estimates of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a multi-dimensional demographic projection and PM2.5 and clean cooking access projections from an integrated assessment model. We find that the positive effects on child linear growth from reductions in AAP under the 2 °C Paris Agreement target could be fully offset by the negative effects of climate change mitigation through reduced clean cooking access. Targeted AAP control or subsidised access to clean cooking could shift this trade-off to result in net benefits of 2.8 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 1.4, 4.2) or 6.5 (UI: 6.3, 6.9) million cumulative prevented cases of child stunting between 2020–50 compared to business-as-usual. Implementation of integrated climate, air quality, and energy access interventions has a synergistic impact, reducing cumulative number of stunted children by 12.1 (UI: 10.7, 13.7) million compared to business-as-usual, with the largest health benefits experienced by the most disadvantaged children and geographic regions. Findings underscore the importance of complementing climate change mitigation efforts with targeted air quality and energy access policies to concurrently deliver on carbon mitigation, health and air pollution and energy poverty reduction goals in India.
Wintertime marine extreme temperature events modulate phytoplankton blooms in the North Pacific through subtropical mode water
Authors: Tak Yong-Jin , Song Hajoon , Park Jong-Yeon
Published: September 2022

Marine extreme temperature events (METs), including marine heatwaves (MHWs) and cold spells, have recently gained much attention owing to their vital influence on the marine ecosystem and social economy. Since METs can alter the upper ocean stratification and wintertime convective mixing in the northwestern North Pacific subtropical gyre (NPSG), their activities may modulate phytoplankton blooms by regulating entrainment of the subtropical mode water (STMW) with high NO

3

−

. Furthermore, because STMW formed in the previous winter reemerges east of its formation site in the following winter, the METs activities imprinted in STMW affect phytoplankton blooms remote from its formation site. Here, we examined the relationship between the MET activities, STMW volume, and phytoplankton blooms using satellite observations and a data-assimilative coupled physical-biogeochemical model dataset. MET activities appearing in the STMW formation region during winter regulate the formation of STMW and the supply of NO

3

−

from the subsurface, with the latter controlling the spring/autumn blooms in that region under NO

3

−

-limited conditions. Subsequently, this water mass is transported eastward in the subsurface within the northern flank of the NPSG before reemerging east of the STMW formation site the following spring. This process results in a negative lag-correlation between MET activities and surface chlorophyll in the reemergence region; for example, MHWs in winter at the STMW formation site tend to lower the surface chlorophyll concentration one year later in the reemergence region. Our study suggests that the oceanic processes allow one year of predictability of the marine ecosystems by monitoring METs in the STMW formation site.
Future changes and seasonal variability of the directional wave spectra in the Mediterranean Sea for the 21st century
Authors: Lira-Loarca Andrea , Besio Giovanni
Published: September 2022

A state-of-the-art regional assessment of future directional wave spectra in the Mediterranean Sea and the projected changes with respect to hindcast is presented. A multi-model EURO-CORDEX regional ensemble of bias-adjusted wave climate projections in eleven locations of the Mediterranean are used for the assessment of future seasonal changes in the directional wave spectra under the high-emission scenario RCP8.5. This analysis allows us to identify climate change effects on the spectral energy of the swell and wind-sea systems and their seasonal variability which cannot be captured with the standard integrated wave parameters, such as significant wave height and mean wave direction. The results show an overall robust decrease in the predominant wave systems, resulting in a likely decrease in the significant wave height that is in agreement with previous studies. However, the results depict a robust increase in other less energetic frequencies and directions leading to a projected behavioral change from unimodal to bimodal/multimodal wave climate in many locations which has strong repercussions on the vulnerability of coastal assets and ports operability.