bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cambios en la educación superior de Vietnam, de las reformas Doi Moi (1986) a la actualidad
Authors: Hernández Peña Yair Candelario
Published: June 2022

Este artículo tiene la finalidad de compartir los principales cambios en la educación superior de Vietnam a partir de las reformas Doi Moi, el rápido crecimiento y la cooperación internacional recibida por el país. Dichas transformacionesson producto del rápido crecimiento económico que ha tenido el país en las últimas dos décadas, acompañado de los esfuerzos de cooperación internacional. Parte de la pregunta: ¿Cuáles son los principales cambios en la educación superior en Vietnam a partir de 1986? Los principales resultados son: que el gobierno vietnamita ha realizado reformas en el sector educativo para adecuarse a la inserción económica internacional del país, además, los cambios suscitados son apoyados por la cooperación internacional otorgada por el Banco Mundial, Australia, entre otros actores del sistema internacional.
3D printing technology in medicine - review
Authors: Thajeel Marwah M. , Balázs György L.
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a review of 3D printing technology in medical application, materials used in 3D bioprinting, benefits, challenges as well as the future of additive manufacturing in medicine. This technology is going to revolutionize medicine, the flexibility of 3D printing allows designers to make changes easily without the need to set up additional equipment or tools. 3D bioprinting have a promising potential in organ transplantations and help to overcome in donor shortages issue. Printed highly accurate 3D model depending on the patient’s MRI or CT scans, help the surgeons to planning before surgery and have more successful operations, as well as reduce time in the operating room.
Formación del directivo de turismo en las condiciones de la economía pos COVID-19
Authors: León Robaina Rosario , Alberteris Gómez Isabel , Delgado Gamboa Ruber
Published: June 2022

El sector del turismo está recogido dentro de las áreas estratégicas dentro de la Estrategia Económico-Social para el impulso de la economía en el enfrentamiento a la crisis mundial provocada por la COVID 19, proponiéndose dentro de las medidas a aplicar: “Transitar a nuevos productos innovadores y acelerar cluster con otros sectores (salud, cultura, deporte, ecología)”, así como “Nuevos parámetros de calidad certificados basados en mayor seguridad y sostenibilidad”, para lo cual se hacen necesarias nuevas maneras de gestionar el turismo, un cambio en las maneras de hacer en el sector. Todo lo anterior requiere nuevos conocimientos y competencias a partir de la diversidad profesional y ocupacional del directivo del turismo, en relación con las funciones y el desempeño de los mismo. Para realizar dicha investigación se partió del análisis teórico referencial del desarrollo del turismo y su recuperación post COVID 19, para proponer una estrategia para la formación contextualizada del directivo del turismo que permita el perfeccionamiento de su desempeño en los diferentes escenarios de actuación. La propuesta parte de exponer las necesidades de nuevos conocimientos y habilidades que requerirán los directivos del turismo para el desarrollo del sector en las nuevas condiciones de un turismo responsable y saludable.
Why A New Ethical Framework Is Needed To Eliminate Disability Discrimination? A New Learning From The Pandemic
Authors: Ranju Gausul Azam , Serice Tania
Published: June 2022

Discrimination between disabled and non-disabled people is still an issue of fairness and justice. In this COVID-19 pandemic time, this issue highlighted in a significant way. In hospital, the disabled persons to face today issues while triage like whether they have the right to get the ventilator first when there is limited ventilation support or their vulnerability could be the cause for being neglect or they do not have to have a quality of life. There are lots of ethical dilemmas that we face today and these are not solvable overnight by the existing framework or policies. The existing paternalism, utilitarianism, or even ableism can not ensure making people living with disabilities (PLWD) rights equal. It is very clear that the professional expertise, policy or framework have so many loop holes that we are still struggling to take steps to effective and ethical decision making. This paper focuses the emergency of ethics based research, policy directions, and frameworks to eliminate those discriminations.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Paediatric Patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Single Center Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdous Jannatul , Hassan M Quamrul , Sultana Sabina , Hossain Mohammed Istiaque , Iqbal Abu Sayeed Mohammad
Published: June 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread around the world and reports of children with COVID-19 are increasing. This study was conducted to assess clinical features and outcome of COVID-19 in children at Evercare hospital Dhaka.

Materials & Method: This observational study was conducted on RT-PCR positive COVID-19 admitted children up to 14 years of age from May 2020 to November 2020 at the Pediatric Department of Evercare hospital Dhaka. Data were analyzed after collection of demographic and clinical data of 14 enrolled children.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 2.8±3.8 years with male female ratio was 1:1. Two (14.3%) patients had H/O fever in family member & the mean duration between contact & appearance of symptom was 12.5±12.56 days. The major clinical symptom was fever (85.7%). Next most common presenting symptoms were loose stool, vomiting & abdominal pain (42.9%), and convulsion (28.6%). Cough and breathing difficulty were present in 21.4% & 14.3% of the patients respectively. Most of the cases diagnosed as AGE (42.8%) followed by febrile convulsion (28.5%) then pneumonia (21.4%).

Conclusion: The symptoms of COVID-19 in children are mild and most of the patients may present with gastrointestinal symptoms such as loose stool, abdominal pain and febrile convulsion. The findings from this study might help to make early appropriate diagnosis and thus control the epidemic.

BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2021; VOL 45 (1) : 15-18
Button Battery (BB) Ingestion in Children: A Case Report
Authors: Sarkar Probir Kumar , Akand Nabila , Alam Jahangir , Mollah Abid Hossain
Published: June 2022

Over the last few years, there is a rise in the use of button batteries(BB) in children’s toys and home appliances. Easy availability and small size of these batteries pose a significant risk of ingestion by small children which is exceedingly dangerous. After ingestion, the BB may lodge in the esophagus or enters easily into the stomach due to its variable sizes. If lodged in the esophagus, BB can cause injury due to their caustic and electric properties, as well as by direct pressure. In our case, the 16 months old boy had accidentally ingested a BB, removed approximately after 30 hours from the esophagus, had developed esophageal perforation followed by tracheaesophageal fistula, complications related to aspiration and finally expired due to bronchopneumonia with septicemia and respiratory failure. So, Prompt removal is mandatory to reduce devastating outcome if it is a button battery

BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2021; VOL 45 (1) : 41-44
Haematohidrosis: A Rare Case Report of A 12 year Old Girl with Unexplained & Puzzling Spontaneous Multiple Site Bleeding
Authors: Mutanabbi Mahbub , Ali Md Asif , Akhter Shohela , Mosleh Taskina , Morshed Jesmeen
Published: June 2022

Hematohidrosis (bloody sweat) is a very rare clinical entity characterized by recurrent, spontaneous, self-limited episodes of blood oozing from intact skin or mucosa. A 12-year-old girl presented to our hospital with a history of repeated episodes of oozing of blood from different parts of the body like eyes, ear lobules, nose & navel. She also had history of episodes of hematemesis and haematuria. During examination, bleeding disappeared as soon as it was mopped leaving behind no sign of trauma. Most of these bleeding episodes occurred after stress. Her laboratory evaluation showed; bleeding time, clotting time and prothrombin time were normal. On the basis of clinical presentation and normal investigation, she was diagnosed as a case of hematohidrosis. We treated her with non-specific beta-blocker (propranolol). In spite of the rarity of hematohidrosis, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of bleeding episodes in patients with normal physical and laboratory investigations.

BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2021; VOL 45 (1) : 45-47
Recurrent Choking in a 40 days Old Infant: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Ghosh Uzzal Kumar , Sultana Azmeri , Ferdoucy Sultana Amena , Hossain Md Delwar , Hasan Md Samiul
Published: June 2022

Malrotation of the gut is a surgical problem. Clinical presentation is asymptomatic to symptomatic likes vomiting, abdominal distension, constipation, or sub-acute or acute intestinal obstruction. Rotational anomalies occur due to the arrest of normal rotation of the embryonic gut. Intestinal malrotation occurs when the normal embryological process of bowel rotation happens incorrectly or incompletely. Malrotation of gut was diagnosed by clinical features plus contrast radiograph and/or laparotomy. Our patient 40 days old infant presented with recurrent choking attack after breastfeeding with fever, cough, and respiratory distress. Infant was treated a case of aspiration pneumonia with gastroesophageal reflux, with keeping in mind trachea esophageal fistula and achalasia cardia like rare entity after exclusion of common etiology of choking. Pneumonia improved by treatment but choking persisted. Finally it was diagnosed as a case of partial malrotation of upper gut per-operatively.

BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2021; VOL 45 (1) : 51-54
Abstract Vol. 34(2)
Authors: Khatun Sabera
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2019; Vol. 34(2): 141-143
Society News Vol. 35(1)
Authors: Editor The
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2020; Vol. 35(1): 53-57
Weaning food from indigenous sources in Bangladesh
Authors: Noman MAA , Ahmmed R , Mondal MHT , Khan MSI , Islam MN , Miah MAS , Islam MF
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate nutritional quality of weaning food from indigenous sources. Three types of weaning food named as F-1 (wheat flour, soya flour, rice flour), F-2 (wheat flour, soya flour, malt extract) and F-3 (malted wheat flour, soya flour, peanuts, lentils, and carrots powder) were prepared for the study. Nutritional quality, functional and sensory characteristics of the developed food were investigated. Functional property as water absorption capacity, bulk density, water binding capacity, solubility, swelling power and viscosity varied from 136.24-145.83 (g/100g), 0.57-0.75 (g/cm3), 410.54-471.07 (g/100g), 35.05-48.81%, 6.16-11.79%, 33.48-39.41 (mp/s), respectively. Essential amino acids content of F-3 such as threonine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine and lysine were 0.77, 0.67, 0.45, 0.47, 0.51, 0.62, 0.41 and 1.73 (g/100g), respectively. Compositional analysis of fatty acid indicates that it contains 16.01% palmitic acid, 4.27% stearic acid, 45.90% linoleic acid and 25.55% oleic acid in F-3.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(1), 29-38, 2021
Row orientation and weeding time effect on yield of Aman rice
Authors: Alam MJ , Mondal MMA
Published: June 2022

The effect of row orientation and weeding time on growth, yield and yield attributes of transplanted Aman (T. Aman) rice cv. BRRI dhan41 were tested in the agronomy field laboratory of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The experiment was carried out from July to December 2017. It comprised three row orientations viz. east-west, north-south and haphazard planting, and four weeding times viz. no weeding, weeding at 20 days after transplanting (DAT), weeding at 40 DAT and weeding at 60 DAT. Plant height, total tillers per hill, effective tillers per hill, grains per panicle, grain and straw yields were greater in east-west and north-south row orientation than in haphazard planting being the highest in east-west row orientation. But within east-west and north-south row orientation, there was no significant difference on plant characters. The highest performance in yield attributes and yield was observed in weeding at 40 DAT and the lowest one was recorded in no weeding. Among the treatment combinations, the highest yield was observed in east-west row orientation with weeding at 40 DAT for BRRI dhan41.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(1), 47-52, 2021
Pattern and Outcome of Respiratory Disease in Dhaka Shishu Hospital: A One Year Analysis
Authors: Hossain Nazia , Sultana Akhand Tanzih , Kamrul Kamruzzama , Rahman Md Shakibur , Amin Md Ruhul
Published: June 2022

Background: Respiratory diseases are one of the major causes of childhood morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. It is also a leading cause of hospital admission. The aim of this study is to analyze the pattern of respiratory disease admissions in a tertiary care hospital in a developing country.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective study on patients that presented with respiratory condition from January 2016 to December 2016.The medical records of patients admitted in the department of pediatric respiratory medicine unit (Pulmonology) over one-year period were reviewed. Information obtained included demography, diagnosis, mean duration of hospital stay and outcome of illness.

Results: Total 21 types of respiratory illness were categorized. The male to female patients ratio was 1.3:1. Among the patients 76.4% were less than five years old, 21.07% were between 5 and 9.9 years old, while 2.45% were 10 years and above. Pneumonia (54.41%) was the most common cases seen, followed by bronchiolitis (21.07%), PTB (2.94%), acute asthma (2.45%), pleural effusion (1.96%) and disseminated TB (1.96%). The median duration of admission was 12.9 days. Majority (93.6%) of admitted cases were discharged with advise, death was recorded in 2 (0.98%) children.Deaths occurred in children less than 5 years old, one with Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia and another with Tuberculosis.

Conclusion: Pneumonia, bronchiolitis and TB were the leading respiratory diseases among children admitted in Dhaka Shishu Hospital.

DS (Child) H J 2018; 34(1) : 36-40
Oxygen Therapy in Children - An Update
Authors: Sarkar Probir Kumar , Rahman Md Shakibur
Published: June 2022

In 1774, Joseph Priestley of England discovered the colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that Antoine Lavoisier named oxygen.Oxygen is a lifesaving drug has safe dose ranges, adverse physiologic effects, and toxic manifestations that are associated with higher doses and prolonged use. So, the administration of oxygen should be done with as much care and attention as any other drugs. Oxygen is transported in the blood in two ways: dissolved in the serum and in combination with hemoglobin.Children with any of the following signs are likely to have hypoxemia: central cyanosis, nasal flaring, inability to drink or feed due to respiratory distress, grunting with every breath and depressed mental state, severe lower chest wall indrawing, tachypnea or head nodding. The sources of oxygen and its delivery depend on the facility and the availability of resources. Most commonly use devices for oxygen delivery are nasal cannula, nasal prongs, simple face mask. An FiO2 of >0.5 is considered toxic. After only a few hours of breathing 100% O2, mucociliary function is depressed and clearance of mucous is impaired followed by nonproductive cough, substernal pain and nasal stuffiness may develop. More prolonged exposure to high O2 tention may lead to changes in the lung that mimic adult respiratory distress syndrome. In premature neonates, lower SpO2 may be targeted to reduce the toxic effects of oxygen therapy, such as retinopathy of prematurity or bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

DS (Child) H J 2018; 34(1) : 48-54
Jejunal Duplication Cyst - a Rare Cause of Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case Report
Authors: Biswas Rana Kumar , Biswas Subir Ananda , Md Benzamin - , Mazumder Md Wahiduzzaman , Karim ASM Bazlul
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2018; 34(1) : 55-58
Abstracts from current literature Vol 34(1)
Authors: Editor The
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2018; 34(1) : 63-64
DSH News Vol.34(1)
Authors: Editor The
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2018; 34(1) : 65
Neonatal Cholestasis: An Update
Authors: Ahmed Syed Shafi
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(1) : 5-8
Predictors of Mortality of Asphyxiated Neonates Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shirin Mahfuza , Haque Gazi Mohammad Imranul , Hossain M Monir
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a severe condition with significant morbidity and mortality. It is the third leading cause of neonatal mortality in developing countries including Bangladesh. To reduce asphyxia related mortality, it is necessary to find out the responsible factors to reduce the mortality.

Objectives: This study was an attempt to find out the risk factors associated with mortality due to birth asphyxia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study, conducted in Department of Neonatal Medicine and NICU of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital during the period of March 2016 to November 2016. Term neonates of within 24 hours of age with diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia were enrolled in this study. Demographic, intrapartum, clinical and laboratory data were recorded. The immediate outcome in terms of expired or survived were also recorded. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 25 programme. Bivariate and multivariate analyses have been done to find out the associations of risk factors with mortality. P value, <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

Results: A total of 224 asphyxiated term neonates with a mean age of 12.64±6.82 hours were studied. Mean admission weight was 2677.01±407.71gm with male to female ratio of 1.4:1. Among them 51 (22.8%) were expired. In Bivariate analysis, home trial before hospital delivery, obstructed labour, respiratory distress, unconsciousness, abnormal muscle tone, hypothermia, prolonged CRT, SpO2 <90%, hypoglycemia, and metabolic acidosis at the time of admission were significantly associated with mortality (p<0.05). It was found, home trial before hospital delivery (p=0.009, OR 4.023, 95% CI 1.424-11.366), unconsciousness (p=0.002, OR 4.811, 95% CI 1.773-13.148), hypothermia (p=0.001, OR 4.942, 95% CI 1.858-13.148), prolonged CRT (p=0.009, OR 3.651, 95% CI 1.384-9.630) and metabolic acidosis (p=0.018, OR 3.551, 95% CI 1.243-10.141) at the time of admission were independently affecting the mortality of asphyxiated neonates.

Conclusion: This study found that the predictors of mortality of neonates with perinatal asphyxia were home trial before hospital delivery, unconsciousness, hypothermia, prolonged CRT and metabolic acidosis at the time of admission.

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(1) : 14-21
Assessment of Knowledge Regarding Congenital Hypothyroidism Among Doctors in Dhaka City
Authors: Islam Md Rafiqul , Islam Md Rafiqul , Alam Muhammad Rashedul , Sayeed Md Abu , Alam Md Jahangir
Published: June 2022

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common congenital endocrine disorder seen in the newborn (1 in 4,000 births). It causes irreversible mental & physical disability if remains undetected. Diagnosis and treatment of CH before 3 months are mandatory to avoid CH.

Objectives: The study was aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding congenital hypothyroidism among the doctors in selected hospital in Dhaka city.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and data was collected by using self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 40.5 years. Close to three-fifth (59.5%) of the respondents were in the age group 30-40 years. Above seventieth (71%) of the respondents were males and the rest were females.71% of the respondents knew that Infants born with congenital hypothyroidism may show no effects, or may display mild effects that often go unrecognized as a problem. The findings of this study revealed that more than half of the respondents have attended a training related to congenital hypothyroidism. It also reveals that more than half of the respondents had average knowledge regarding sign and symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism.

Conclusion: In this study it has been reported that age of the respondents was associated with knowledge on sign and symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism.

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(1) : 27-32
Developmental Dysgraphia in a 6-Year Old Boy: A Case Report
Authors: Ferdous Fahmida , Alam Md Faruq , Mohit MA , Chowdhury Hafizur Rahman , Ahmed Helal Uddin , Chisty Md Mashukur Rahman , Azam AZM Mosiul
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(1) : 77-79
Abstracts from current literature Vol 35(1)
Authors: Editor The
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(1) : 80-82
Limits on Effective Masses of Light and Heavy Majorana Neutrinos for Positron Emitting Modes of Double Beta Decay
Authors: Vivekanand  , Verma P. , Chaturvedi K.
Published: June 2022

Double beta decay is a rare weak interaction process in which two identical nucleons inside the nucleus decay with or without the emission of neutrinos. If the neutrinoless double beta decay is observed, the (e+DBD) processes will play a crucial role in discriminating the finer issues like the dominance of Majorana neutrino mass or the right-handed current. In the present work, we have obtained the limits on the effective mass of light and heavy Majorana neutrinos for the electron-positron conversion and double positron-emitting modes of 96Ru, 106Cd, 124Xe, and 130Ba isotopes, using the nuclear transition matrix elements NTMEs M(0ν) and M(0N) for light and heavy Majorana neutrinos obtained in projected Hartree-Fock Bogoliubov (PHFB) model. The predicted half-lives and corresponding extracted limits on heavy neutrino mass  is discussed. We have also calculated nuclear sensitivities ξ(0ν) and ξ(0N) due to the light and heavy neutrino exchange, respectively. Finally, the mass limits are obtained using various phase space factors (PSF), and the effect of this PSF on mass limits is discussed.
Estimation of Charge Carrier Density of Turmeric Dye in the Presence of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Its Electrical Characterization as Herbal Diode
Authors: Bhunia S. , Das P. K. , Rakshit S. , Manik N. B.
Published: June 2022

The study on the semiconducting properties of herbal dye and various parameters of the herbal dye-based device is an important area of research in the coming days. In this work, we have measured the conductivity and Hall coefficient of turmeric dye in solid thin film form.  Using the working principle of the Hall Effect, we have measured the Hall coefficient (HC) of this film. It is found that the curves of Hall voltage (VH) –Hall current (HC) and Hall voltage (VH) – Magnetic field (BH) are linear. The Hall coefficient has been estimated from these curves. The average value of the Hall coefficient (R) is 22.64 × 10-4   . The conductivity (σ) of the film is 1.5 10-10  m-1.  We have estimated charge carrier density from this parameter, and its typical value is 2.8 23 m-3. We have also prepared a diode using this turmeric dye and extracted reverse saturation current, rectification ratio, ideality factor, series resistance, etc. It has been noticed that the diode exhibits high ideality factor and series resistance. The presence of traps is one of the main reasons for these high values. So, we have also measured the trapped energy of the device considering exponential trap distribution.
Structure, Vibrational Analysis and Chemical Reactivity Descriptors of 4-Bromo-3-(Methoxymethoxy) Benzoic Acid: A DFT Study
Authors: Yadav S. , Khare A. , Yadav K. K. , Maurya P. C. , Singh A. K. , Kumar A.
Published: June 2022

In this study, the structure and various molecular parameters of 4-bromo-3-(methoxymethoxy) benzoic acid are determined at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. Present study provides comparision and discussion of calculated and experimental optimized parameters. The values of descriptors such as ionization energy, hardness, electrophilicity, condensed Fukui function and energy were determined to predict the reactivity of 4-bromo-3-(methoxymethoxy) benzoic acid. The influence of the solvent on reactivity parameters has been studied  adopting the PCM model. The analysis shows that solvation alters the values of reactivity descriptors. A vibrational assessment of the molecule has also been performed. To gain a better understanding of the properties of the title molecule, parameters such as the molecular electrostatic potential surface and the HOMO-LUMO band gap have been computed. The dipole moment, polarizability and hyperpolarizability were also estimated to probe into non-linear optical properties of the chemical.
Simulation and Experimentation of Sawtooth Wave Generation using Diode-Capacitor Pair
Authors: Mallick A. , Guin P. , Roy A.
Published: June 2022

A simple, inexpensive and efficient circuit for generating sawtooth waves is demonstrated in this paper. The novelty of this work lies in the fact that the voltage of a charging capacitor provides linear response when it is charged through a reverse-biased diode. A rectangular wave of extremely high duty cycle is used as a reference signal to drive the passive circuit consists of a diode–capacitor pair. During the on-time of the reference signal, the diode remains in reverse biased condition while charging the capacitor and during charging through the reverse-biased diode, the capacitor voltage produces the required ramp. During the off-time of the reference wave, the diode becomes forward biased and the capacitor discharges very fast through the forward-biased diode and thus a sawtooth wave has resulted. At high frequencies, the parasitic depletion capacitance of the diode cannot be ignored and it limits the frequency of operation. Laboratory experiments, as well as PSPICE circuit simulations, are performed to established our idea of generating sawtooth waveforms. The experiment is found to be repetitive and robust.
Identification of Naturally Occurring Carbazole Alkaloids Isolated from Murraya koenigii and Glycosmis pentaphylla by the Preparation of HPLC Fingerprint
Authors: Chakraborty M.
Published: June 2022

The plants Murraya koenigii and Glycosmis pentaphylla are rich sources of different carbazole alkaloids. A number of monomeric carbazole alkaloids with C13, C18, and C23 carbon frames and a good number of dimeric carbazole alkaloids were isolated from these two plants. Scientists are still working on these two plants in search of more and more novel compounds. Many of these alkaloids have potential biological activities. Scientists have determined the structures of these compounds by detailed analysis of spectral data like UV, IR, Mass,1H NMR, and 13C NMR (1D and 2D). These procedures require expertise in spectral data analysis and huge time, and also these instruments are very costly. In this paper, I report the preparation of the HPLC fingerprint of some known carbazole alkaloids. These HPLC data will be helpful in quick and unambiguous identification of the natural products.
Formulation and Assessment of Liposomes Entrapped Natural Substance for Mammary Cancer Treatment
Authors: Thakar B. , Agarwal A. , Rawal R. M.
Published: June 2022

Breast/mammary cancer is the most common cancer in women due to abandoned breast tissue growth. Many therapies and treatments are available for breast cancer treatment. However, each therapy or treatment has its side effect. The natural compound has uncovered a significant influence on the development of contemporary therapy with reduced side effects. But it lags behind in the race due to lesser bioavailability and indecorous delivered dosage form. In this research efforts made to develop a novel targeted dose delivery system for breast cancer. The breast cancer cell has shown higher expression of HIF-1α, TOP-II α, Proteine Kinase C, and MMP-2 receptors. By reviewing the literature followed by molecular modeling with these receptors, seven natural compounds were identified which have significant effect on above receptors: sesamin, aloe-emodin, gallic acid, catechin, Butein, 6-gingerol, and curcumin, respectively. Hence Liposomes were prepared with different formulations to entrap all the above active compounds. Then formulated liposomes were characterized, and their stabilities were also evaluated for 60 days at room temperature and 2-8 °C. Among all formulations, liposomes with GCDCA (1.8 mM), lecithin (62.12 mM), and cholesterol (25.88 mM) have proven to be the most stable, robust, and effective formulation using breast cancer MCF-7 cell line.
Performance Assessment of Solar based Air Conditioning System
Authors: Mishra S. , Singh S.
Published: June 2022

The conventional air-conditioning system suffers from (i) harmonic distortion at the input ac side due to extensive use of nonlinear loads and (ii) not being friendly with the environment and climate. In this paper, a conventional air conditioning system (ACS), which uses a single-phase ac supply, is replaced by a solar-powered ACS to mitigate mentioned shortcomings. Due to the non-availability of solar energy during night/low-intensity levels, a battery and a dc-dc converter are used to maintain constant voltage, a prime requirement for ACS. Further, if an ac supply is used during the daytime, the battery is not required. Thus, a self-sustained solar-powered air conditioner of a capacity of 1.5 tons is designed here. The solar system is designed using Simulink, and various parameters such as torque and speed are being measured to study & analyze the solar-based ACS. The designed air conditioner gives an acceptable performance despite the variation of solar irradiations.
Marching to the eighth edition. What is new in the ajcc cancer staging system?
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (2) : 61-63
Promising new technique for treatment of hemorrhoids- Our experience
Authors: Mondal Samiron Kumar , Roy Sharmistha , Uddin Mohammad Saif
Published: June 2022

Background: Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy (SH) is a new technique with less pain than conventional hemorrhoidectomy and can be used in the management of second, third and fourth degree hemorrhoidal disease.

Objective: To show the effectiveness of Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy as a treatment option of symptomatic hemorrhoid.

Methods: This is an observational study. The medical records of 72 patients who had under gone Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy for symptomatic hemorrhoid disease from July 2011 to June 2013 in BIRDEM General Hospital under a same surgeon were evaluated. Data regarding postoperative pain, early and late postoperative outcome were recorded. Patient's satisfaction assessed at 18 months follow up.

Results: The study included 72 patients (50 men, 22 women) between 22 - 74 years of age (median age 39 years). The operating time was around 35 minutes. The median hospital stay was 40 hours (11- 72 hours). Early complications were fecal urgency (13.8%), urinary retention (22%), and rectal bleeding (2.77%). Late complication was pruritus ani (12.5%), thrombosis external hemorrhoids (1.38%), staple line stenosis (1.38%), recurrent hemorrhoid (2.77%), anal fissure (2.77%), and persistent mucous discharge (5.55%). The recurrence rate was 2.77% at 18 months follow up.

Conclusion: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy can be safely performed with low recurrence and complication rates while offering a relatively painless postoperative period for the patient.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (2): 65-69
Short-term outcome of Laparoscopic Appendicectomy and Open Appendicectomy in acute appendicitis- a comparative study
Authors: Bhuiyan Mashfique Ahmed , Bashar Md Abul , Rahman Atiar , Islam Md Aminul , Lslam Kazi Majharul , Murshed Mahbub , Alam ABM Khurshid
Published: June 2022

Background: Appendectomy, though being performed by both open and laparoscopic methods, there is a lack of consensus regarding which is the most appropriate method. This study will document important variables and parameters to compare therapeutic benefit of laparoscopic Appendectomy (LA) and open Appendectomy (OA). Objective: The study aimed at comparing the short- term outcome of laparoscopic Appendectomy and open appendectomy in cases of acute appendicitis, in terms of postoperative pain and complications, hospital stay, recovery and return to normal activities.

Methods: Whenever there was clinical suspicion of acute appendicitis, the patient was admitted to hospital, relevant history was recorded and clinical examination was conducted, necessary laboratory and imaging studies were performed and patient satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria was included in the study. The Appendectomy procedure was attended by the investigator and all relevant perioperative data were recorded.

Results: Post-operative pain was mostly mild in LA group (40%), while in OA, it was mostly severe (38%) and moderate (34%). Postoperative complications were significantly higher in OA than in LA. Hospital stay was longer in OA (7.03 days) than LA (3.49 days). Early recovery and return to full normal activity was noted in LA (5.56 days) than in OA (11.26 days). Moreover, operative time was shorter in LA (56.37 min), than in OA (71.86 min).

Conclusion: Laparoscopic Appendectomy have clear advantages over open Appendectomy in respect to short term results.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (2): 70-75
The efficacy of serial physical examination in management of penetrating abdominal trauma to avoid negative laparotomy in selected cases
Authors: Lslam Md Aminul , Bhuiyan Masfique Ahmed , Haque Razibul , Islam Kazi Majharul , Masum Mohammad , Rahman Md Azizur
Published: June 2022

Background: Patients with Penetrating Abdominal Injury (PAI) are at risk of harboring life-threatening injuries. Many patients are in need of emergency operative intervention. However, there are some patients who can be safely managed non-operatively. Every patient with an abdominal penetrating trauma should have a thorough clinical examination. Repeating the clinical examination at regular intervals is the cornerstone of selective management, as symptoms and signs that were initially absent may appear later.

Objective: To see the efficacy of serial physical examination in patients with penetrating abdominal injury thus avoiding non-therapeutic laparotomy in the overall management of patients.

Methods: Convenient and purposive 60 PAI patients admitted in casualty block of Dhaka Medical College & Hospital were selected for selective non operative management (SNOM). On admission the abdominal wound was inspected and neither digital nor direct probing of the wound was attempted. Patients selected for admission had an intravenous line established, a thoracic and abdominal X-ray taken and urine and blood samples were taken. If necessary, a nasogastric tube was inserted. Asymptomatic haemodynamically stable patients were admitted for clinical observation in a single unit during which period the patient was examined by a senior surgeon for clinical re-assessment. Patients were discharged when feeding was normal and if there were clear signs of improvement. Results: Over a 6 month period 60 consecutive patients with penetrating abdominal wound were reviewed. In total 52 patients (86.67%) were managed with clinical re-assessment and discharged without laparotomy. Eight patients (13.33%) underwent laparotomy after observation. Small bowel, liver, mesenteric vessels were most frequently affected. Non-therapeutic laparotomy rate was 0%. After laparotomy the morbidity rates were 62.5% (p = 0.92). One local wound infection occurred without prior laparotomy. Average hospital stay after observation was 2.8 days, after laparotomy 9.8 days. Delayed laparotomy did not increase morbidity or hospitalization.

Conclusion: Our experience with penetrating abdominal trauma supports the concept of selective conservatism based on repeated physical examination. In a well-established trauma center this has proven to be highly effective with remarkably low rates of non-therapeutic laparotomies and absence of missed diagnosis of visceral injuries.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (2): 76-79
Incidence of non biliary non alcoholic acute pancreatitis in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Rahman Md Ashiqur , Rouf HMA , Rahman MA Mushfiqur , Islam Md Tarikul , Khan Mohammad Ashraf Uddin , Afroz Farhana
Published: June 2022

Background: Acute pancreatitis is an important cause of hospital admission with acute abdomen. It is responsible for significant morbidity and also mortality in patients.

Objective: To determine the incidence of non-biliary nonalcoholic acute pancreatitis (Non A non B) and also to compare the incidence with alcoholic and biliary pancreatitis in the department of surgery of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh as well as with the developed countries

Methods: This prospective study was carried on 75 patients of both sex having acute abdominal pain characteristic of acute pancreatitis and serum amylase >3 times normal, admitted in General Surgery wards in CMCH and supported by biochemical test during June 2008 to May 2010.

Results: The mean (±SD) age was 36.1±15.4 years and 32.7±14.3 years in male and female group respectively (p>0.05) and maximum number was found in the age group of 20-30 years in both groups. Choledocolithiasis were 2(33.3%) and 7(21.9%) in male and female respectively evaluated by USG. Sludge in GB 1(16. 7%) in male and 7(21.9%) in female. Biliary ascariasis 3(50.0%) and 16(50.0%) in male and female respectively. Alcoholic was found 4(16.0%), Biliary 2(8.0%) and Non Alcoholic non Biliary 19(78.0%) in male patients. Biliary 32 (64.0%) and Non Alcoholic non Biliary 18(36.0%) in female patients. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). It was observed that the total patients were 75 among them Alcoholic was 4(5.3%), Biliary was 34(45.3%) and Non Alcoholic non Biliary was 37(49.3%) of study patients.

Conclusion: Non-A non-B acute pancreatitis accounts for about a half - of all cases of acute pancreatitis and is significantly less frequent among female patients. Biliary pancreatitis was higher in female subjects. Bilio pancreatic ascariasis is 50.0% in both male and female subjects.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (2): 85-88
A Comparative Study between Patients with Mechanical Bowel Preparation and Patients with No Bowel Preparation in Elective Colo-rectal Surgery
Authors: Ahmed Molla Sharfuddin , Siddique Md Ibrahim
Published: June 2022

Background: Modern surgical techniques and improved preoperative care has reduced both morbidity and mortality of colorectal surgery but the role of mechanical bowel preparation is recently disputed. Primary colonic anastomosis without mechanical bowel preparation is still considered unsafe.

Objective: One of the objectives of this study was to evaluate pre-operative mechanical bowel preparation in preventing anastomotic and wound dehiscence in elective colon and rectal surgery.

Methods: Fifty patients who were included in this study were randomly divided into two groups (group A & Group B). Group A was the preparatory group and Group B was the non-preparatory group. In preparatory group oral poly ethylene glycol was used for mechanical bowel preparation and in non-preparatory group no bowel preparation done. All patients were operated on by qualified surgeons and followed up for outcome and collected data were analyzed. Results: 80% of the Patients in Group A had adverse effects of bowel preparation like nausea, vomiting, blotting, loose motion and precaution had to be taken for them. All the patients of both groups were given per-operative antibiotics whereas 24 patients of Group A and 23 patients of Group B were given transfusion. 15(60%) patients of Group A had developed post-operative surgical infectious complications. The majority number of patients of Group A had been suffered from surgical site infection (10, 40%) followed by Anastomotic Leak, Intra-abdominal abscess and Peritonitis whereas in Group B 10(40%) patients developed surgical complications.

Conclusion: Mechanical bowel preparation before elective colon and rectal surgery is not so effective in preventing complications and without any mechanical preparation of the bowel colorectal surgery can be done safely.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (2): 105-109
Checklist of the pteridophytes of Narsingdi District, Bangladesh
Authors: Khanam Robayda , Khan Saleh Ahammad , Rahim Mohammod Abdur
Published: June 2022

The occurrence of a total of 31 species of pteridophytes under 20 genera and 13 families in Narsingdi district were confirmed. Pteridaceae with 11 species was found as the largest family, which was followed by Salviniaceae and Polypodiaceae consisted of four species each and Thelypteridaceae with three species. Each of the rest nine families was represented by only one species. Pteris with six species was found as the largest genus, which was followed by Salvinia with three species, and Adiantum, Ceratopteris, Pyrrosia and Cyclosorus with two species each. Each of the rest 14 genera was represented by only one species. Among these species, 21 were found as terrestrial, two as both terrestrial and semiaquatic, four as aquatic and other four as epiphytic. The occurrence of Tectaria chattagrammica Ching, listed as DD (Data Deficient) in Red Data Book of Bangladesh, was common with natural regeneration in this district.

Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(2): 13-24, 2019 (December)
Reduction of Arsenate in a new isolate of Bacillus megaterium
Authors: Islam Md Zahidul , Arbi Mst Nusrat Jahan , Moni Ripa , Zohora Umme Salma , Nishat Farzana Zafor , Khanam Roksana , Rahman Mohammad Shahedur
Published: June 2022

In Bangladesh, the ground water of almost all the 64 districts are contaminated with arsenic and in some regions the arsenic concentration is above the World Health Organization’s guideline value. Bioremediation is in demand for its removal from water especially in rural areas. In this study, four soil samples were collected from arsenic contaminated areas of Chandpur, Bangladesh. In total 58 bacterial strains resistant to arsenate were isolated. Among them I-34 has the highest arsenate reducing capability. This bacteria showed resistance to high concentration of arsenite (100 mM) and arsenate (300 mM). Its arsenate reducing enzyme is extracellular and showed highest activity at 60 °C. More interestingly, it showed auto-induction metabolism to produce arsenate reducing enzyme. Molecular characterization by 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the bacterium is 100% identical to Bacillus megaterium. I-34 appears to be novel arsenic metabolizing bacteria within this genus. The bacterial isolate can be exploited for the study of possible bioremediation of arsenic containing water and have a potential impact to reduce the arsenate into arsenite form.

Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(2): 47-59, 2019 (December)
Prevalence of birth abnormalities and congenital malformations in progenies from parental consanguinity in Rajshahi City Corporation area, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam M Saiful , Mustari Sharmin
Published: June 2022

In a series of two separate studies during January through August 2018, various birth abnormalities (BA) from 178 clinical cases and congenital malformations (CMF) from 70 consanguineous marriages (CM) and 100 non-consanguineous marriages (NCM) within the Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC) area have been recorded, analyzed and interpreted. Results demonstrate that frequencies of miscarriages (5.69 vs. 3.00), stillbirths (3.85 vs. 1.00), postnatal deaths (8.97 vs. 1.00), preterm deliveries (29.49 vs. 38.00) and breech births (6.41 vs. 4.00) were significantly greater in CM compared to the NCM counterparts. In addition, both gestational ages and live birth weights of the children from CM were significantly lesser than those recorded from the NCM couples. Of 205 children derived from 70 CM couples 67 were suffering from various CMF, the remaining 138 children were normal. Compared to this, only 2 out of 267 children were affected from 100 NCM couples. Mental retardation (MR) represented the highest CMF (n= 37), followed by cerebral palsy (CP; n= 16), crossed-eyes (CE; n=4), blindness (BL) and microcephaly (MC; n= 3 each), deaf-mute (DM; n= 2), and Down’s syndrome (DS) and syndactyly (SD; n= 1 each). In contrast to the CM cases, the NCM couples had only two affected children, one crossed-eyed girl and the other polydactylous boy. The overall frequency of CMF in CM (32.68) was much higher than that in NCM cases (0.75). In relation to parental consanguinity, the importance of genetic counselling and pre-implantation screening relevant to the present findings has been emphasized in this report.

Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(2): 81-91, 2019 (December)
Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of β-Thalassaemia
Authors: Yasmeen BH Nazma
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

Northern International Medical College Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 July 2019, Page 403-405
Recurrent Abdominal Pain: A Rare Presentation of Childhood Intestinal Lymphoma in a Bangladeshi Child
Authors: Alam Md Shafiul , Mazumder Md Wahiduzzaman , Begum Morsheda , Md Benzamin - , Haq Nadia , Hasan Shariful , Rahman AZM Raihanur , Islam Md Saidul
Published: June 2022

In children, primary malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are rare and accounts less than 5% of all pediatric neoplasms.1 Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) remains the most common malignancy of the GI tract in children.2 Moreover small intestine (PLI) is very uncommon. They are different in anatomic distribution and histologic appearance compared to common patterns in adult cases. The disease is rare and having variable clinical presentation that delayed early detection when the possibility of cure exists. The common presentations of PLI are bowel obstruction and intussusception.3,4 NHL of the gastrointestinal tract usually arises in the submucosal lymphoid tissue of the ileocecal region, extendtransmuraly, and involve local mesenteric lymph nodes extensively, forming a bulky abdominal mass. NHL most frequently involved the ileocecal valve (35.8%), followed by the small bowel (31.3%), large bowel (19.4%) and multiple gastrointestinal involvements (13.4%).5 Here we present a case report to show the scenario of a patient suffering from NHL where diagnosis was delayed. The child was suffering from recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and various treatment was offered but he could not improve. Finally, he was diagnosed as a case of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the small intestine (PLI). Though PLI is a very uncommon malignancy in childhood.

Northern International Medical College Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 July 2019, Page 438-439
Viral Infections and the Heart
Authors: Mahmood Manzoor , Hoque Md Harisul
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan 2021; 1-2