bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shunt rate of ductus arteriosus and ductus venosus in middle and late fetuses and their application value in the evaluation of fetal growth restriction
Authors: Zhou Yijia , Chen Qunqun , Luan Ruhui , Zhao Yaping
Published: September 2023

Objective: To explore the Shunt rate of ductus arteriosus (DA) and ductus venosus (DV) in middle and late fetuses and their application value in the evaluation of fetal growth restriction (FGR).

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we reviewed the clinical data of the patients who admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from September 10, 2017 to November 27, 2018, and finally included 44 normal women at 28-31 weeks of pregnancy (Normal group) and 15 pregnant women with fetal growth restriction (FGR) within 28-31 weeks of gestation (FGR group). We measured blood flows of the DA (QDA), pulmonary artery (QPA), DV (QDV), and umbilical vein (QUV) and the shunt rates of the DA and DV (QDA/QPA and QDV/QUV, respectively) in all fetuses. We compared the mean variables between groups using the Normal group means as the normal reference values for analysis.

Results: DA shunt rate was linearly and positively correlated with gestational age (Y=1.455X+2.787; r=0.767, P<0.01), while the DV shunt rate was linearly and negatively correlated with gestational age (Y=-2.791X+126.885; r=0.761, P<0.01). The DA shunt rates (QDA/QPA) of fetuses in the normal were higher than those in the FGR groups, but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The DV shunt rates (QDV/QUV) of fetuses in the normal were significantly lower than those in the FGR groups (P < 0.05). The DV shunt rates in the FGR group were significantly higher than those in the normal group with differences being statistically significant at 30-30+6 and 31-31+6 gestational weeks (P < 0.05) The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) showed that the higher the shunt rate, the worse the birth outcome of a fetus with FGR.

Conclusions: The DV shunt rate in middle- and late-stage fetuses can predict the fetal birth outcome, and the higher the shunt ratio, the worse the birth outcome of FGR fetuses.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7649

How to cite this: Zhou Y, Chen Q, Luan R, Zhao Y. Shunt rate of ductus arteriosus and ductus venosus in middle and late fetuses and their application value in the evaluation of fetal growth restriction. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(6):1589-1594. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7649

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Performance of home-based self-tonometry (iCare HOME (TA022)) for measuring intraocular pressure among healthy and glaucoma patients
Authors: Nayak Anush , Ramesh S Ve , Kuzhuppilly Neetha I R , Pai Vijaya H , Chaitanya Aditya
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare iCare HOME (TA022) with Goldmann applanation tonometer and to evaluate the self-tonometry measurements among the Indian population.

Methods: Eligible patients underwent iCare HOME training through guided demonstration (verbal, pictorial, video) and practised self-tonometry measures using iCare HOME. Certification for independent iCare HOME measure was provided if first iCare HOME intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement fell within ± 5 mmHg of Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) measurement which was measured by the trained clinician (principal investigator). Certified participants underwent simulated home self-tonometry measurements using iCare HOME, and agreement with GAT IOP measurements was assessed.

Results: Seven of 83 participants (8.43%) failed to complete the study due to difficulty in performing the task, leading to non-certification. Patients who could use the iCare HOME had a mean age of 53 ± 15.55years (53% males; 46% females). Only one in 12 subjects did not qualify to use iCare HOME. The overall mean difference between iCare HOME and GAT was 0.83 mmHg (95%, 3.92 and -2.25) with 94.7% agreement. At various pressure ranges, 7-16 mmHg, 17-23 mmHg and >23 mmHg, the mean difference between iCare HOME and GAT was 1.22 mmHg (95%, 4.32 and -1.86) with 97.4% agreement, 0.77 mmHg (95%,3.69 and -2.19) with 91.3% agreement, -0.11 mmHg (95%, 2.52 and -2.74) with 100% agreement respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient of the iCare HOME device was 0.997(95% CI,0.995-0.998).

Conclusions:   Patients were able to perform self- tonometry using iCare HOME with good reliability and safety. iCare HOME shows good agreement with GAT. Further studies with proper home environment will be recommended to study the diurnal comparisons with GAT.
Evaluating awareness of oral cancer and attitudes towards its screening practice in Vidarbha: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bhaisare Sweza , Mude Gaurav
Published: September 2023

Background: In various parts of the country, oral cancer is a serious and rapidly growing issue. India has an elevated number of mouth cancer and is growing year after year. mouth cancer is a disease that can be avoided and is mostly affected by lifestyle habits such as chewing tobacco and smoking. Awareness concerning the risk factors, signs, and symptoms of mouth cancer may assist in the early detection and therapy of the condition, which will help in increasing the survival rate of the population. The purpose of this investigation is to estimate mouth cancer awareness in terms of symptoms, signs and causal factors, and information sources. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based questionnaire survey of randomly selected participants will be conducted among 381 participants however we will try to include a larger sample size in order to improve the precision in the Wardha district. The results will be analysed using appropriate statistical methods and a conclusion will be drawn on the basis of observation. This is a research protocol and this study aims to evaluate the awareness about oral cancer and attitude towards dental screening of oral cancer.
From the past to the present, optical coherence tomography in glaucoma: a practical guide to a common disease
Authors: Zawadzka Izabela , Konopińska Joanna
Published: September 2023

Glaucoma comprises a group of disorders of the optic nerve that cause degenerative optic neuropathy, characterised by failure of neuroretinal rim tissue in the optic nerve head, retinal nerve fibre layer, and retinal ganglion cells. Glaucoma imposes a serious epidemiological threat, with an steady increase in the global number of cases. In the current ophthalmological practice, glaucoma is diagnosed via a series of examinations, including routine funduscopic examination, ocular tonometry, gonioscopy, measurement of the visual field, and assessment using the optical coherence tomography (OCT) technique. Nowadays, the OCT technique helps in systematising the diagnostic pathway and is a basic diagnostic tool for detection of early glaucomatous eye changes. It is also vital in assessing progression and monitoring treatment results of patients. The aim of this review was to present the OCT technique as a main tool in diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma.
Enhancing men's awareness of testicular diseases (E-MAT) feasibility trial: Protocol for a mixed method process evaluation
Authors: Hegarty Josephine , McCarthy Megan , Davoren Martin , Shiely Frances , Harrington Janas M. , Shorter Gillian , Murphy David , Cooke Eoghan , O'Mahony Billy , M. Saab Mohamad
Published: September 2023

Background: Testicular cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy in men under 50 years. Athletes are particularly at risk of testicular trauma and diseases. Experiencing negative testicular symptoms does not necessarily imply that men seek help. Men’s awareness of testicular diseases is often lacking and their intention to seek help for testicular symptoms is sub-optimal. The use of virtual reality (VR) may be effective in promoting men’s awareness of testicular diseases.

The Enhancing Men's Awareness of Testicular diseases (E-MAT) feasibility trial aims to test the effect of E-MATVR (intervention; interactive experience using virtual reality [VR]) compared to information delivered Electronically E-MATE (control; same information as E-MATVR delivered as plain text and images) on testicular knowledge, and testicular self-examination among male athletes affiliated with a national sports organisation.

The overall aim of this mixed method process evaluation will be to describe (i) the experiences of participants and key stakeholders (e.g., researchers); (ii) the perceived effectiveness of intervention components; (iii) acceptability of the feasibility trial and intervention procedures; (iv) the relationship between implementation, mechanisms, and context; and (v) the barriers and facilitators to support effective conduct of a future definitive trial.  

Methods: This mixed method process evaluation will use a descriptive realist evaluation. Quantitative data will be gathered using a usability and satisfaction survey, in addition to fidelity checks during intervention delivery. Quantitative data will be analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data will be gathered from semi-structured interviews and focus groups with participants and key stakeholders to investigate their experiences of E-MATVR and E-MATE, and explore areas for improvement. Thematic analysis of transcripts will be conducted.

Conclusions: This process evaluation will provide an in-depth understanding of how the interventions worked within this cohort and lessons for a future definitive trial.
Hypertension and diabetes patients’ perspective of challenges and their coping mechanisms in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda – a qualitative study
Authors: Ndejjo Rawlance , Masengere Paineto , Nuwaha Fred , Ddumba Isaac , Bastiaens Hilde , Wanyenze Rhoda K. , Musinguzi Geofrey
Published: September 2023

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of non-communicable diseases is steadily rising amidst a high prevalence of communicable diseases stretching the healthcare system. This study explored hypertension and diabetes patients’ perspective of challenges and their coping mechanisms in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda.

Methods: This descriptive qualitative study involved four focus group discussions with 26 patients at four selected health facilities. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and data analysed following the thematic content analysis guided by the semantic approach with the aid of Atlas ti 6.0.15 software.

Results: Five themes were identified regarding challenges and coping mechanisms of patients in managing their conditions. 1) Inadequate opportunities for diagnosis, with community screening supporting identification of patients. 2) Accessing care came amidst transport challenges, absence of health workers and the lack of essential supplies for monitoring conditions. Patients borrowed transport funds or trekked to health facilities and some formed groups to contribute resources to buy equipment and supplies. 3) Access to medications was affected by frequent drug stockouts at public health facilities which pushed patients to purchase own drugs or obtain these through friends and networks. However, other patients resorted to cheaper herbal remedies. 4) Monitoring and managing conditions was affected by insufficient knowledge and opportunities for self-monitoring. Information from health workers and experiences from peers bridged the knowledge gap while private facilities or community health workers supported self-monitoring. 5) Adopting changes in behaviour was challenging but patients fitted these within their usual routines and mobilised family members to also adopt lifestyle changes while ignoring those they deemed unrealistic.

Conclusions: The coping mechanisms patients adopted to manage their chronic conditions reflects self-care initiatives at the individual and community levels which could be reinforced and supplemented to better support and empower patients as steps are taken to address existing challenges.
Comparison of serum anti-Müllerian hormone between unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas during follicular, luteal, and random menstrual phases: a retrospective study
Authors: Lee Juhun , Kim Jong Mi , Chong Gun Oh , Hong Dae Gy , Lee Yoon Hee
Published: September 2023

Background: Over the last two decades, serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) have been shown to be reliable markers of ovarian reserve. This study aimed to compare baseline serum AMH levels and well-controlled clinical factors between patients with unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas during the menstrual phase.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study. We enrolled 136 patients aged 18 to 36 years who were diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral ovarian endometriomas. Serum AMH levels of all patients and their latest two to three menstrual cycles were measured before surgery for ovarian endometriomas. The latest menstrual cycle length ranged from 26 to 30 days. Patients with irregular menstruation, a recent medication history of hormonal drugs other than oral contraceptive pills, a previous history of ovarian surgery, or any medical history influencing ovarian function were excluded. Results: Of the 136 patients, 76 (55.9%) had unilateral ovarian endometriomas and 60 (44.1%) had bilateral ovarian endometriomas. Serum AMH levels were not significantly different between the two groups in the follicular phase, luteal phase, or at any random time point. Conclusion: Serum AMH levels were not significantly different between unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas in the follicular and luteal phases, or at any random time during the menstrual cycle when various confounding factors were excluded.
Comparative assessment of periodontal tissue condition during prosthetics with different types of inserts for aesthetic crowns
Authors: Chulak L. , Nebogatov S. , Maksymenko P.
Published: September 2023

The advantages of the restoration of chewing teeth with ceramic inlays and composite materials are determined by the favorable physical and mechanical properties of modern ceramics with zero water absorption, optimal coefficient of thermal expansion, low thermal conductivity, biological compatibility and chemical stability in the oral cavity.. It is ceramics that is considered the most chemically inert material, and even the components - wear products that appear during abrasion do not cause allergic or toxic reactions in the oral cavity or inflammation of the marginal gums.

The aim of the study was to assess the state of the periodontal tissues of teeth restored with different types of inlay core and, thus, to predict the development of pathological processes in the tissues surrounding the restored root.

The conducted clinical and laboratory studies showed the significant advantages of the method of manufacturing a hip insert made of ceramics developed by us. Thus, according to the results of a comparative study of the dynamics of the level of glycogen in the periodontal tissues of the roots of teeth restored under aesthetic crowns with the use of root tabs, it is obvious that the use of ceramic tabs during prosthetics with ceramic crowns does not cause inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissues, but after traumatic exposure by preparation and preparation of the tooth before prosthetics, recover quite quickly to the level of the indicator at the healthy gingival margin.
Effectiveness of Foliar Applications of Plant Extracts on Pomegranate Plantlets
Authors: Dhanaji Chavan* Changdev , Damodar Kurlapkar Dilip , Krushna Gaikwad Dattatray
Published: September 2023

An attempt was taken to control initial growth of pomegranate plantlets by application of plant extracts as foliar spray under field circumstances. A modified preparation of ‘Dashparni extract’, was developed using leaf extracts of Vitex negundo, Aristolochia sp., Carica papaya, Tinospora cordifolia, Annona squamosa, Pongamia pinnata, Ricinus communis, Nerium indicum, Calotropis procera, Green chilli paste, Garlic paste applied to regulate growth and development of pomegranate saplings. The Dashaparni extract proved to be more effective than all other tests conducted as well as control (distilled water spray). The extract boosted overall growth of plantlets and disease resistance.
Heavy Metal Analysis in Agricultural Soils in Godavari River Basin of Rajahmundry Region, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Authors: Babu Kandrakunta , . G Sudhakar , Vijaya Nirmala P
Published: September 2023

There are many sectors that are using chemicals and increase their production to meet the needs of people in the world. The domestic, industrial, agriculture, medical and recent technological applications effluents consist of heavy metals that have high density than water and are raising the concerns of potential effects on the environment and also human. The soil samples are collected from Godavari river basin near Rajahmundry in East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, to assess the levels of Ni, Fe, Cr, Cu, Zn, Co, Pb, Cd & As to calculate soil PERI. Pearson’s correlation matrix, Contamination factor, Coefficient variations are used for evaluate contamination of pollutants & ecological risk, based on results the accumulation efficiency is very different in soils; most of the samples have high concentration. Contamination factors of heavy metals are in moderate contamination (1 ≤ 3), but the Cd shows as considerable contamination (3 ≤ 5) in Aalamuru-S5, Korumilli -S7 and Kulla-S8 soils samples. The coefficient variation was observed as (CV > 0.36) high variation in heavy metal (Cd > Cu > As > Fe > Co > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cr). Based on results the toxic concentrations are gradually increases in the soil samples due to over usage of chemical fertilizers and may be accumulated into crops, leads to ecological risk, finally agricultural soil are contaminating by heavy metals in our study area.
Reducing health inequalities by improving access to hepatitis C testing and treatment in marginalised populations
Authors: Moyo-Hlahla Eugenia , Crossland Beth
Published: September 2023

Eugenia Moyo-Hlahla ( eugenia.moyo@nhs.net ) and Beth Crossland, Clinical Nurse Specialists, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, winners of the Gold Award in the Infection Prevention Nurse of the Year category of the BJN Awards 2023
Development of online cancer resources to support pre-registration nurses and allied health professionals
Authors: Armoogum Julie , Taylor Vanessa , Cruickshank Susanne , Donaldson Jayne , Wyatt Debbie , Tanay Mary , Holdsworth Fiona , Cook Florence , McNamara Joanna , Job Claire , Rees Tracy , Pope Laura , Howell Charlotte , Sira-Parfitt Lowri , Potter Libby
Published: September 2023

Cancer rates are increasing, and more people are living with cancer and its consequences. Healthcare students will be caring for people affected by cancer in all clinical contexts. However, pre-registration programmes can include limited cancer education and not all students will have the opportunity for a clinical placement in a cancer setting. This can result in healthcare students feeling unprepared to care for people affected by cancer. To address this need, nine e-learning modules, collectively called The Foundations of Cancer Care, have been developed to support students' knowledge, understanding and confidence about cancer. This article outlines the development and peer review of The Foundations of Cancer Care. The resultant modules are freely available to all those with an Open Athens account or NHS or UK university email address via the NHS Learning Hub ( https://learninghub.nhs.uk ).
Advances in the management of myeloma: an update
Authors: Meenaghan Teresa , Hayat Amjad , Walpole Geraldine , Dowling Maura
Published: September 2023

Myeloma is an aggressive B-cell malignancy resulting from an uncontrolled production of plasma cells in the bone marrow. A multitude of drugs and combinations of drugs are now approved for use to treat this complex disease and nurses require knowledge and skills in recognising and managing new side effects associated with these treatments. This article presents an overview of some of the newer and recently approved drugs and the important side effects that have been associated with them. Clinical nurse specialists and advanced nurse practitioners are at the forefront of patients' treatment journeys and play a central role in supporting patients and families to manage side effects. Through this support, patients can continue the treatments for as long as possible with the aim of maintaining a good quality of life.
A qualitative systematic review of mental health among haemodialysis patients
Authors: Janiszewska Iga , Whittaker Anne
Published: September 2023

This article explores the impact of haemodialysis on the mental health of patients, as haemodialysis can disrupt all aspects of an individual's life
The self-aware manager: personality types
Authors: Ellis Peter , Abbott Jane
Published: September 2023

Peter Ellis and Jane Abbott discuss the the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, illustrating how a manager can use this information to work in a manner that appreciates their own strengths and weaknesses
Factors influencing the surveillance of re-emerging intracranial infections in elective neurosurgical patients: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Wang Jiang-Long , Wu Xi-Wen , Wang Sheng-Nan , Liu Xuan , Xiao Bing , Wang Yu , Yu Jing
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
Value of ultrasound guided biopsy combined with Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/resistance to rifampin assay in the diagnosis of chest wall tuberculosis
Authors: Yan Qing-Hu , Chi Jing-Yu , Zhang Lei , Xue Feng , Cui Jia , Kong Hai-Li
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
Research on the intelligent internet nursing model based on the child respiratory and asthma control test scale for asthma management of preschool children
Authors: Pei Chuan-Feng , Zhang Li , Xu Xi-Yan , Qin Zhen , Liang Hong-Mei
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
Anemia status of infants and young children aged six to thirty-six months in Ma'anshan City: A retrospective study
Authors: Wang Xue-Mei , Wang Qiong-Yao , Huang Jie
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
Diagnosis and treatment of McCune-Albright syndrome: A case report
Authors: Lin Xin , Feng Ning-Yu , Lei Yu-Jin
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
Entrapment neuropathy of common peroneal nerve by fabella: A case report
Authors: Lin Jing-Chun , Tsai Mu-Hung , Lin Wei-Pin , Kuan Ta-Shen , Lien Wei-Chih
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
Importance of accurate diagnosis of congenital agenesis of the gallbladder from atypical gallbladder stone presentations: A case report
Authors: Sun Hai-Jian , Ge Fei , Si Yue , Wang Zheng , Sun Hai-Bo
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
Pulmonary reversed halo cycles and consolidations after immunotherapy: A case report
Authors: Suo Hong , Shi Yu-Jie , Huang Zhao-Di , Xu Kai , Huang Hui
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
Intracranial infection and sepsis in infants caused by Salmonella derby: A case report
Authors: Yu Jing-Lu , Jiang Li-Li , Dong Rong , Liu Si-Yu
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
Large gastric hamartomatous inverted polyp accompanied by advanced gastric cancer: A case report
Authors: Park Gyerim , Kim Jihye , Lee Sung Hak , Kim Younghoon
Published: September 2023

β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers.
LEGIBILIDADE E O MERCADO FINANCEIRO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Mendes Matheus Soares , Lucena Wenner Glaucio Lopes
Published: September 2023

A legibilidade corresponde a capacidade de se compreender e interpretar determinado texto, caracterizada por uma redação clara e nítida. Neste contexto, o estudo tem como objetivo examinar a relação entre o grau de legibilidade dos relatórios financeiros divulgados pelas companhias e o mercado de capitais ao redor do globo. Para esta finalidade, foi realizada uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) usando duas bases de dados:  Web of Science e Scopus, no período de 1950 a 2020. Para condução do estudo, foi adotado um protocolo de pesquisa. As análises foram apoiadas nas três leis da bibliometria clássica. Os resultados da pesquisa destacam a utilização da teoria da divulgação (disclosure) e a hipótese da ofuscação da gestão como dominantes na construção teórica dos artigos do corpus, em que, suas temáticas estão majoritariamente atreladas ao desempenho das companhias gerenciamento de resultados, negociação de investidores individuais, analistas de mercado e volatilidade futura do mercado. Entre as principais contribuições, esta é a primeira revisão a identificar áreas temáticas relacionadas aos construtos analisados, discute a posição atual das pesquisas sobre a legibilidade dos relatórios e seu reflexo no mercado financeiro, além de apontar lacunas que podem auxiliar estudos futuros na área.
NOVO OU VELHO NORMAL? UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE OS PREPARATIVOS NO RETORNO AO TRABALHO PÓS PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 NAS EMPRESAS DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Consceição Kenya Aparecida dos Santos , Nunes Thiago Soares
Published: September 2023

Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender o cenário das empresas de Minas Gerais na preparação para o retorno para o trabalho presencial e o home-office como estratégia adequada para o período de pandemia da Covid-19. A pesquisa de natureza descritiva e qualitativa teve a participação de 132 empresas associadas da ABRH-MG. Os questionários online foram respondidos por gestores de RH das empresas. Para análise de dados, foi utilizado estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam que as empresas se reinventaram no período de pandemia, pois 70% delas não tinham o trabalho home office como prática e essa foi a maneira possível para a continuidade do negócio. Destacou-se um aumento de horas de trabalho dos times, o isolamento social, o Home Office, o afastamento das equipes e a necessidade de conciliação do trabalho e família. Bem como, o tema saúde mental começou a ganhar lugar de destaque nos assuntos de gestão de pessoas das empresas participantes.
Metasurface cutoff perfect absorber in a solar energy wavelength band
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Qian Qinyu , Chen Haitao , Fan Li , Cheng Liwen , Zhao Liang , Wang Chinhua
Published: September 2023

We report a metasurface cutoff perfect absorber (MCPA) in the solar energy wavelength band based on the double Mie resonances generated from the silicon and gallium arsenide nanoring arrays grown on the Al layer in the solar energy wavelengths. A high average absorption of 0.910 in the absorption band and almost eliminated absorption in the nonabsorption band are realized within only 120 nm thick structures. The MCPA is of a sharp cutoff between the absorption and nonabsorption band, whose extinction ratio, extinction difference, and cutoff slope are 9.4 dB, 0.8, and 0.0019nm−1, respectively. The proposed MCPA suggests an efficient way to design a solar thermal absorber, which is of great importance in renewable energy, such as for solar thermal applications.
Arrays of glass wedges for multi-dimensional optical diagnostics
Authors: Richardson Daniel R.
Published: September 2023

There is a common need in the advancement of optical diagnostic
techniques to increase the dimensionality of measurements. For
example, point measurements could be improved to multi-point, line,
planar, volumetric, or time-resolved volumetric measurements. In this
work, a unique optical element is presented to enable
multi-dimensional measurements, namely, an array of glass wedges. A
light source is passed through the wedges, and different portions of
the illumination are refracted by different amounts depending on the
glass wedge angle. Subsequent optics can be used to focus the light to
multiple points, lines, or planes. Basic characterization of a glass
wedge array is presented. Additional wedge-array configurations are
discussed, including the use of a periodic intensity mask for
multi-planar measurements via structured illumination. The utility of
this optical element is briefly demonstrated in
(a) multi-planar flame particulate measurements,
(b) multi-point femtosecond-laser electronic excitation tagging
for flow velocimetry, and (c) multi-line nitric oxide molecular
tagging velocimetry in a hypersonic shock-tunnel. One significant
advantage of this optical component is its compatibility with
high-energy laser sources, which may be a limiting factor with other
beam-splitting or beam-forming elements such as some diffractive
optics. Additionally, an array of glass wedges is simple and easily
customizable compared to other methods for forming multiple closely
spaced illumination patterns. Suggestions for further development and
applications are discussed.
Real-time Stokes polarimetry using a polarization camera
Authors: Cox Mitchell A. , Rosales-Guzmán Carmelo
Published: September 2023

This Lab Note introduces the “Stokes Camera,” a simple experimental
arrangement for real-time measurement of spatial amplitude and
polarization and thus spatially resolved Stokes parameters. It uses a
polarization sensitive camera and a fixed quarter-wave plate,
providing a one-shot, digital solution for polarization measurement
that is only limited by the frame rate of the camera and the
computation speed of the provided code. The note also provides
background information on relevant polarization theory and vector
vortex beams, which are used as a demonstration of the device.
Integrated density of states algorithm for one-dimensional randomly layered optical media
Authors: Kissel Glen J.
Published: September 2023

Anderson localization simulations in one-dimensional disordered optical systems usually focus on the localization length or its inverse, but the calculation of the density of states has appeared less frequently for such models. In this paper a technique originally used to calculate the integrated density of states for one-dimensional disordered crystals supporting electron propagation is modified for use with randomly layered optical media. The density of states is then readily available via differentiation. The algorithm is demonstrated on one-dimensional quarter-wave stack and non-quarter-wave stack models with layer thicknesses disordered.
Manufacturability and performance of microdisk resonators from the AIM Photonics foundry
Authors: Nierenberg Kerry R. , Jenkins Shelbi L. , Fard Erfan M. , Kim Kyung-Jo , Showghi Sasaan A. , Norwood Robert A.
Published: September 2023

The field of integrated photonics relies heavily on foundries to produce not only novel technologies, but also reliable ones. Examining the output of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) foundries such as that affiliated with the AIM Photonics partnership provides valuable insight into the manufacturability of integrated photonic telecommunications devices when produced in large numbers. We present an analysis of the passive performance of numerous silicon microdisk resonators. At ambient temperature, the resonators exhibit on average insertion loss of ∼6 dB, a free spectral range of ∼25 nm, and quality factors of Q > 8.3 × 103. We also report a study of temperature dependence on the resonant wavelength of the devices. Our characterization of these resonators demonstrates reproducibility of qualities related to accuracy in fabrication, as well as in experimental measurement.
Evidence for an adverse impact of remote readouts on radiology resident productivity: Implications for training and clinical practice
Authors: Gordon Emile B. , Wingrove Peter , Branstetter IV Barton F. , Hughes Marion A.
Published: September 2023

After their rapid adoption at the onset of the coronavirus pandemic, remote case reviews (remote readouts) between diagnostic radiology residents and their attendings have persisted in an increasingly remote workforce, despite relaxing social distancing guidelines. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of the transition to remote readouts on resident case volumes after the recovery of institutional volumes. We tabulated radiology reports co-authored by first-to-third-year radiology residents (R1-R3) between July 1 and December 31 of the first pandemic year, 2020, and compared to the prior two pre-pandemic years. Half-years were analyzed because institutional volumes recovered by July 2020. Resident volumes were normalized to rotations, which were in divisions categorized by the location of the supervising faculty during the pandemic period; in ’remote’ divisions, all faculty worked off-site, whereas ’hybrid’ divisions had a mix of attendings working on-site and remotely. All residents worked on-site. Data analysis was performed with Student’s t test and multivariate linear regression. The largest drops in total case volume occurred in the two remote divisions (38% [6,086 to 3,788], and 26% [11,046 to 8,149]). None of the hybrid divisions with both in-person and remote supervision decreased by more than 5%. With multivariate regression, a resident assigned to a standardized remote rotation in 2020 would complete 32% (253 to 172) fewer studies than in identical pre-pandemic rotations (coefficent of −81.6, p = .005) but would be similar for hybrid rotations. R1 residents would be expected to interpret 40% fewer (180 to 108) cases on remote rotations during the pandemic (coefficient of −72.3, p = .007). No significant effect was seen for R2 or R3 residents (p = .099 and p = .29, respectively). Radiology residents interpreted fewer studies during remote rotations than on hybrid rotations that included in-person readouts. As resident case volume is correlated with clinical performance and board pass rate, monitoring the readout model for downstream educational effects is essential. Until evidence shows that educational outcomes remain unchanged, radiology residencies may wish to preserve in-person resident readouts, particularly for junior residents.
Genetic associations of TMEM154, PRC1 and ZFAND6 loci with type 2 diabetes in an endogamous business community of North India
Authors: Walia Gagandeep Kaur , Sharma Pratiksha , Agarwal Tripti , Lal Moti , Negandhi Himanshu , Prabhakaran Dorairaj , Khadgawat Rajesh , Sachdeva Mohinder Pal , Gupta Vipin
Published: September 2023

Background

More than 250 loci have been identified by genome-wide scans for type 2 diabetes in different populations. South Asians have a very different manifestation of the diseases and hence role of these loci need to be investigated among Indians with huge burden of cardio-metabolic disorders. Thus the present study aims to validate the recently identified GWAS loci in an endogamous caste population in North India.

Methods

219 T2D cases and 184 controls were recruited from hospitals and genotyped for 15 GWAS loci of T2D. Regression models adjusted for covariates were run to examine the association for T2D and fasting glucose levels.

Results

We validated three variants for T2D namely, rs11634397 at ZFAND6 (OR = 3.05, 95%CI = 1.02–9.19, p = 0.047) and rs8042680 at PRC1 (OR = 3.67, 95%CI = 1.13–11.93, p = 0.031) showing higher risk and rs6813195 at TMEM154 (OR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.09–0.90, p = 0.033) showing protective effect. The combined risk of 9 directionally consistent variants was also found to be significantly associated with T2D (OR = 1.91, 95%CI = 1.18–3.08, p = 0.008). One variant rs10842994 at KLHDC5 was validated for 9.15mg/dl decreased fasting glucose levels (SE = -17.25–1.05, p = 0.027).

Conclusion

We confirm the role of ZFAND6, PRC1 and TMEM154 in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes among Indians. More efforts are needed with larger sample sizes to validate the diabetes GWAS loci in South Asian populations for wider applicability.
Oração, Amor & Sexo:
Authors: Falcão Carolina
Published: September 2023

Neste trabalho  discuto as negociações político-discursivas da Oração da Felicidade, apresentada durante a última edição da 11ª. temporada de Amor & Sexo (dezembro de 2018), programa de entretenimento da Rede Globo voltado para o debate de questões sobre relacionamento e sexualidade. A Oração, proferida pelo pastor batista Henrique Vieira, mostra como os discursos religiosos podem construir visibilidades distintas no espaço público. Para isso, debato a noção de protagonismo religioso e apresento a oração como um gênero discursivo que se organiza em torno de um pedido. Na oração analisada, percebemos como a felicidade se constrói no enunciado da diversidade, tematizado a partir de questões relevantes tanto ao escopo do programa quanto para a pauta política nacional da época.