bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT WITH TWISTED TAPE INSERT
Authors: Sontakke Smita , Patel Parth , Sharma Amrita , Singh Mayank , Hardik B. Kothadia
Published: April 2023

Embedding twisted tape (TT) inserts are a well-known technique widely used in industry because of their easiness in manufacturing and installation. The current work investigates the distribution of local wall temperature and Nusselt number with twisted tape inserts using an infrared camera. The thermohydraulic performance of the twisted tape is evaluated for various geometrical parameters. A numerical and experimental analysis is performed for twist ratios of 2.5, 3.5, 5, and 10 with varying tape widths of 10, 14, 16, and 18 mm. The analysis is carried out for a Reynolds number ranging from 7500 to 30,000. The results obtained indicate an increase in the Nusselt number (Nu) and friction factor (f) with the increment in tape width and decrement in the tape pitch. The maximum rise in Nu and f is observed to be 1.72 and 2.19 times in the plain tube for full width and minimum twist ratio. Empirical correlations, incorporating geometrical parameters of TT, such as twist ratio and normalized width (W/d), are developed for Nu and f for an internal flow inside a circular tube with twisted tape inserts, using water as working fluid. The correlations predict all the data for f and Nu with a mean absolute deviation of 5.47 and 7.18%, respectively.
International Commission on Large Dams 2022 Questions: Marseille, France
Authors: Pepper Andrew , Stehle Hermann T. , Prendergast Maddie A. , Holden Samuel , Calder Michael
Published: April 2023

The paper provides an overview of the International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD) congresses, the typical content of congress proceedings and how this is disseminated. The most recent ICOLD congress was held in Marseille in June 2022. Notes from sessions of all the four questions (themes) of the 2022 ICOLD congress are provided, either providing an overview of the presentations and discussions, or providing details of a particular presentation. Themes include concrete dams, incidents and accidents, surveillance and monitoring and climate change.
"Progressors": Methodological Movement before and after Perestroika
Authors:   American Political Science Association, Somerville, Zhezhko-Braun Irina
Published: April 2023

The widespread use of game methods for solving problems and developing thinking in the 1980s - 1990s, in other words, the game movement, was one of the forms of participation of the intelligentsia in the transformation of Soviet society. It began with organizational-activity games (OAG), created in the Moscow Methodological Circle under the leadership of the philosopher G.P. Shchedrovitsky. The article analyses the gaming movement, its influence, efficiency and social responsibility. Methodologists practiced several forms of social engineering activity: OAG organizer - game technician - political strategist - political consultant - designer of the state system - trainer and teacher of the administrative elite. There are many modern politicians from the first echelon of power among those who have been trained in seminars and games. Methodologists began their social engineering activities during the “Perestroika” period. The article analyzes the game at the RAF (1987), where the theme of democratization was discussed within the framework of the election of the plant director. Game technicians acted as ‘foremen of perestroika’ or ‘progressors’ and offered their own interpretation of democratization, which turned out to be unrealizable in Soviet life. Following the OAG, new types of games were formed: design, problem-practical, simulation, innovation and other games. The gaming movement ended in the late 1990s. Among the external reasons for stopping the gaming movement were: the ill-conceived perestroika program, the collapse of the USSR and the course towards strengthening the new Russian goverment. Among the internal problems are: misunderstanding of the situation in the country by game technicians, the inadequacy of the proposed mechanism for social change to the social and political nature of Russian society, the replacement of the concepts of democracy and democratization with managerial concepts. This ended with the commercialization of the gaming movement, merging it with power structures, serving the state and various social movements. The methodologists have demonstrated their failure in the role of ‘progressors’ and in this sense they have shared the fate of the Soviet intelligentsia. Having suffered a defeat in the role of social engineers, methodologists returned to Castalia to practice and develop methodology in various fields of academic and pedagogical activity.
Personal information security issues in the context of digital transformation of the economy, management and public communications
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Russian Federation, Bocharnikova Maria E. , Pestunova Tamara M. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Russian Federation, Selifanov Valentin V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the main aspects of personal information security, the knowledge of which is important for a person in conditions of high rates of digitalization of social and economic spheres. They are aimed at the formation of a personal information digital space and its management in the conditions of changing technologies and the legal field in accordance with the private and business interests of the individual. The first task in this case is to make a person aware of their interests and needs in the use of the digital environment, to assess the significance of the issues of the security of their personal data. Further, attention is drawn to the development of skills for analyzing and evaluating Internet resources in the context of the reliability and purposes of information dissemination, the development of methods and means of managing your personal data available within the framework of current legislation. Examples of a number of other relevant tasks, existing opportunities for practical acquisition of knowledge and formation of skills for safe work in a digital environment for various categories of users at the current level of information technology development are considered, and those aspects that remain outside the scope of methods and technologies that are massively used to increase the level of digital literacy of the population are also identified.
SARS-CoV-2 testing and COVID-19–related primary care use among people with citizenship, permanent residency, and temporary immigration status: an analysis of population-based administrative data in British Columbia
Authors: Wiedmeyer Mei-ling , Goldenberg Shira , Peterson Sandra , Wanigaratne Susitha , Machado Stefanie , Tayyar Elmira , Braschel Melissa , Carrillo Ruth , Sierra-Heredia Cecilia , Tuyisenge Germaine , Lavergne M. Ruth
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Having temporary immigration status affords limited rights, workplace protections, and access to services. There is not yet research data on impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic for people with temporary immigration status in Canada.

Methods

We use linked administrative data to describe SARS-CoV-2 testing, positive tests, and COVID-19 primary care service use in British Columbia from January 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021, stratified by immigration status (citizen, permanent resident, temporary resident). We plot the rates of people tested and confirmed positive for COVID-19 by week from April 19, 2020 to July 31, 2021 across immigration groups. We use logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, access to testing, and primary care among people with temporary status or permanent residency, compared with people who hold citizenship.

Results

A total of 4,146,593 people with citizenship, 914,089 people with permanent residency, and 212,215 people with temporary status were included. Among people with temporary status, 52.1% had “male” administrative sex and 74.4% were ages 20–39, compared with 50.1% and 24.4% respectively among those with citizenship. Of people with temporary status, 4.9% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 over this period, compared with 4.0% among people with permanent residency and 2.1% among people with citizenship. Adjusted odds of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test among people with temporary status were almost 50% higher (aOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.39, 1.45), despite having half the odds of access to testing (aOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.53, 0.54) and primary care (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.49, 0.52).

Conclusion

Interwoven immigration, health, and occupational policies place people with temporary status in circumstances of precarity and higher health risk. Reducing precarity accompanying temporary status, including regularization pathways, and decoupling access to health care from immigration status can address health inequities.
Oral and physiological benefits of cranberries
Authors: Da-Ming Liao , Chieh Chen
Published: April 2023

Cranberries are known to prevent urinary tract infection and it is also helpful in maintaining oral health. Cranberry juice is a widely consumed and recommended beverage for preventing urinary tract infections. Clinical studies in women have shown that cranberries help to stop the recurrence of infection, as the evidence showed the presence of various extracts of cranberries in the patients’ urinary tracts, proving the effectiveness and the mechanism. The primary compound involved in the fight against the infection is Proanthocyanidin A which is now the focus of studies to treat common diseases such as Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, as well as dental caries and periodontal disease, from which it is speculated the mechanism involves disrupting the bacterial adhesion.
The clinical role of probiotic and prebiotic supplementations in preterm infants
Authors: Giulio Perrotta
Published: April 2023

Background: For over two decades we have been trying to study and demonstrate the role of the gut microbiota in the onset of cardiovascular, autoimmune, infectious and neurobiological diseases and more generally the clinical efficacy. Aims: To study the clinical efficacy of the integrative use of prebiotics and probiotics in the prenatal population. Materials and methods: All clinical trials and randomized controlled trials were selected through January 6, 2023, for a useful total of 32 studies and a cohort of more than 37,000 infants, of which just under half are term infants in the control groups. Results: In the neonatal literature, studies on the clinical use of prebiotics and probiotics focus on specific topics of investigation, starting from the intestinal microbial composition and then extending the object of analysis to the effects of antibiotics on the microbiota, to the biochemical integration of these products, the use of breast milk or artificial or donor milk, the alleged claim to intervene on pathological processes arising from opportunistic infections of the respiratory tract, and also in relation to autoimmune, gastrointestinal and dermatological pathologies, up to food intolerances. Conclusions: Significant evidence emerges in the literature that supports the therapeutic use for clinical purposes of prebiotics and probiotics even in neonatology; however, most of the published studies have structural and functional criticalities that often invalidate the research design and therefore the outcome obtained and published, risking to affect negatively the significance eventually detected. Further studies are needed that can confirm and expand scientific knowledge in this particular area.
2. Data collection protocols v1
Authors: Payami Haydeh
Published: April 2023

This is a collection of protocols for data and specimen collection, designed for self-administration by subject. It includes the Environmental & Family History Questionnaire, the Gut Microbiome Questionnaire, instructions for saliva collection, and instructions for stool collection at home.
3. Codes for bioinformatics and statistical data analysis v1
Authors: Payami Haydeh
Published: April 2023

This protocol details the codes for bioinformatics and statistical data analysis.
[Modified] DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Kit_Increased Sediment Volume & Optional Concentration v1
Authors: Huston Grayson
Published: April 2023

Protocol (both increased sediment amount up to 2.0g as well as concentrating DNA post-extraction) unsuccessful at detecting fish sedDNA from lakes in Maine, USA. Both protocols successful at detecting fish sedDNA collected in streams during anadromous fish sea-run migrations
Deposition of matrix using an M5 TM sprayer for high resolution MALDI analysis v2
Authors: Dufresne Martin
Published: April 2023

This protocol describes the use of an HTX M5 TM sprayer to deposit small molecule matrices onto tissue sections for high resolution MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (IMS). Spraying conditions will vary depending on matrix, and this protocol focuses on matrices for lipid IMS.
Influence of Human Factors on the Uncertainties of Refurbishment Projects: A Proposed Conceptual Approach
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia, Yacob Ridzuan , Saruwono Masran ,   Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia, Ismail Zulhabri ,   Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia, Sui Pheng Low ,   Department of Building, School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore
Published: April 2023

The number of building refurbishment projects has increased significantly over the past few years in Malaysia. The key features of such projects are that these are unique, with high uncertainties especially when these involve structural modifications with sensitive, dangerous and difficult operations as well as the high number of building services involved. From many past studies, uncertainty has always been identified as one of the reasons for poor performance in such projects. This seems to be the case because few considerations were given to the human factor compared to the technical issues. This emphasis is however questionable in the real world. This conceptually based paper therefore aims to determine and understand the influence of human factor on the uncertainties of refurbishment projects. The method used for this study is based on a comprehensive review of related journal papers, book chapters and conference papers from 1997 to 2017. The exercise identified 146 articles initially. 57 papers were subsequently included for further analysis after screening and assessment for eligibility. This study concludes that the human impact element is indeed one of the most important factors that tends to influence the levels of uncertainties in building refurbishment projects. As a result, there is still room for improving the performance of building refurbishment projects. The findings of this study form the basis for an extended investigation to identify the effect of human factors on the uncertainties of building refurbishment projects in Malaysia.
Determining Factors on Technical Instructors’ Safety Culture Using Structural Analysis Approach
Authors:   Institute of Teacher Education Kota Bharu Campus, Makhtar Nor Kamilah , Parasuraman Balakrishnan ,   Faculty of Entepreneurship and Bussiness, University Malaysia Kelantan, Zakaria Mohd Nazri ,   Faculty of Entepreneurship and Bussiness, University Malaysia Kelantan, Ismail Ahmad Rasdan ,   Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage, University Malaysia Kelantan, Satrya Aryana ,   Faculty of Economy and Bussiness, University of Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Studies on safety culture have been increasing and several proposed models have been developed and evaluated to identify their key dimensions contributed to many occupational sectors. However, less of safety culture studies focused at education sector especially in Malaysia. This study aims to seek a deeper understanding of the structures of safety culture in Malaysian education sector mainly at Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET). The objective also to investigate the relationship between psychological, behaviourial and situational dimension with safety culture, and to find out what can be done by the top management to increase safety culture in education sector. Data was collected from 391 Vocational Colleges’ (VC) instructor all over Malaysia that being selected using multistage sampling. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24 and SmartPLS-Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique. Partial least squares analysis revealed Influence of Peers, Safety Knowledge, Safety Communication, Safety Rules, Personnel Protective Equipment and Safety Training plays a pivotal role in inspiring the safety culture among the instructor. Assessment of Importance Performance Matrix Analysis (IPMA) showed that Safety Knowledge, Safety Rule, Influence of Peers and Safety Training are very important factors in determining a safety culture due to their relatively higher importance values compared to the rest of the variables. The study will help to improve safety culture in education sector and expected to bring in more safety awareness among instructor, which will inevitably bring in a culture of safe behavior. The ultimate result will be a substantial reduction or elimination in safety-related incidents and make an education sector as a safe workplace. Only a very few have examined the safety culture factors among VCs’ instructor as one of the TVET organisastion, and the used of Smart PLS is a novel idea, with the post analysis of IPMA gives an indicator to the top management of TVET’s education and Malaysia Ministry of Education (MOE) in build safety culture in this sector. Compliance of OSHA 1994 is seen as a good measure to build an education sector as a safe workplace.
Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Trigona sp. Stingless Bee Honey from Various Districts of Johor
Authors:   Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Ya’akob Harisun , Norhisham Nur Fatiha ,   Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Mohamed Muna ,   Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Sadek Norasiah ,   Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Endrini Susi ,   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, JI Riau Ujung Pekanbaru Riau Province, Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Johor as one of the states of Malaysia is a good geographic location for meliponiculture activity. In this study, ten samples of stingless bee honey from each regions of Johor and one sample obtained from Institute Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai were analyzed for the physicochemical properties of stingless bee honey. The physicochemical analyses were including moisture, total soluble solids, ash, pH, free acidity, conductivity, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content, protein, carbohydrate, fat, dietary fibre, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Trigona sp. sample from Kluang have the highest value of phenolic content (778.23 ± 2.011 mg GAE/100 g) while Trigona sp. sample from Mersing have the highest value of flavonoid content (194.98 ± 0.350 mg RE/100 g). Among eleven samples tested for radical scavenging activity, Trigona sp. sample from Kota Tinggi have the highest scavenging activity (23.37 ± 0.36 mg/ml), but the value of HMF content exceeded the limit of Malaysian standard for stingless bee honey. All parameters were significantly different (p < 0.01) except for ash. This study showed a strong correlation between moisture and acidity (r = 0.601). However, low correlation was obtained between TPC and TFC with DPPH radical scavenging activity (r = -0.235, 0.011). The data obtained from this study could help for a better subsequent of Malaysian stingless bee honey industry.
Density Functional Theory Calculations of Structure-Antioxidant Activity of Selected Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids Found in Malaysian Honey
Authors:   Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jamaludin Rosmahaida , Maarop Nurazean ,   Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Mustafa Siti Fatimah Zaharah ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Maarof Hasmerya ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Usman Bishir ,   Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
Published: April 2023

Phenolic acids and flavonoids exist naturally in Malaysian honey and contribute significantly to antioxidant contents. Antioxidants plays an important role in scavenging free radicals and prevent health deterioration. Total antioxidant content is measured using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. The phenolic acids such as gallic, caffeic, syringic and hydroxybenzoic acids and flavonoids like naringenin, apigenin, kaempferol, catechin and luteolin previously have been identified in Malaysian honey of tualang, gelam and borneo type using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In order to investigate the structure-antioxidant activity relationships of these phenolic compounds using hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism, density functional theory (DFT) calculation at B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) levels of theory was performed. In this work, optimization of the compounds chemical structure and radical forms in gas-phase has been calculated with computation of bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) as antioxidant descriptor. The finding showed that abstraction of H at different OH groups in the structure of the compound, led to a different scavenging free radical activity thus contribute to the overall variation in the antioxidant properties. Besides that, B ring of flavonoids and unsaturated bond in pyran ring are proposed factors that could lower the BDE values and consequently influence the antioxidant properties of the antioxidant compounds. Hence, DFT calculation with BDE descriptor had been successfully applied to investigate the relationship between structure of phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of Malaysian honey and the interesting results could contribute in future development of antioxidant compound.
Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Total Flavonoids Content from the White Flowering Variety of Melastoma Malabathricum
Authors:   School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Hau Lee Chia , Hun Lee Ting ,   School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Ya’akob Harisun ,   School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Wong Syieluing ,   School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Ben Jannet Hichem ,   Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity  (LR11ES39), Team: Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Avenue of Environment 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
Published: April 2023

Melastoma malabathricum or Senduduk Putih is one of the herbs listed under National Key Economic Area (NKEA) of Malaysia. It has the potential to be used as remedies that is rich in natural flavonoids. One of the innovations for extraction in modern technology is Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) that showed several advantages. Therefore, this study aimed to explore using UAE to extract the total flavonoids in M. malabathricum. After that, UAE is optimized coupled with a stirrer for total flavonoid extraction. Five operating parameters: ethanol concentration, plant material to solvent ratio, extraction temperature, extraction time and ultrasound power were investigated by one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method to choose the most important parameters. After that, the response surface methodology coupled with face-centered central composite design (FCCD) was employed to study the interaction of the three keys parameters. The optimized conditions to extract total flavonoids content by UAE with constant mixing speed (300 ± 6 rpm) were at a ratio of 1g of plant material: 30 mL of 100% (v/v) ethanol, extraction temperature at 70oC, 19 min of extraction time and 280 W of ultrasound power. The experimental yields of total flavonoids content were 64.94 mg/g, which is well matched with the predicted value of 63.75 mg/g.
CONNECTIONS AND TYPOLOGICAL COINCIDENCES BETWEEN THE NOVELS SET IN VILLAGES BY JÓZEF IGNATIUS KRASZEWSKI AND THE PROSE WORKS BY TARAS SHEVCHENKO
Authors:   Shevchenko Institute of Literature, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Boron Oleksandr
Published: April 2023

The prose output of Taras Shevchenko, in which, with a certain degree of conventionality, one can see traces of creative processing of foreign literary models, constitutes the most rewarding material for comparative studies. Polish literature occupies an important place in the artistic world of Shevchenko's stories, though not a leading one. Based on the study of the recollections about Taras Shevchenko's list of readings during his exile, the author proves that Shevchenko read literary and critical publications about Józef Ignatius Kraszewski's novel "Ulana" (1843) in the Russian periodicals in the 1850s. The author also discussed the possibility of Shevchenko reading the novel "Ostap Bondarchuk" (1847), in addition to the abovementioned work. Both literary works are mentioned in Shevchenko's novel "A Walk with Pleasure and not without a Moral" (1855–1858), written in exile in Novopetrovsk in which they are actualized in the intertextual field by an alternative development of events. The stories by the Polish writer logically fit into the reading list of the character of Shevchenko's work - an older woman with a difficult fate, the mother of a landowner who sincerely accepted a recent serf into her family circle, having become attached to her with all her heart. Applying traditional methods of comparative studies in combination with intertextual approaches, the author investigates the semantic richness of references of the Ukrainian prose writer to the works by his Polish contemporary. The echoes of the novel "Ostap Bondarczuk" are noticeable in Shevchenko's prose works "Twins" (1854 or 1855) and "The Artist" (1856). In the Polish intertext of "A Walk…" the author points out to the likely echo of Kraszewski's work "Master Twardowski" (1840). The typological parallels can be traced between Kraszewski's "The History of a Thorn in the Flesh, Compiled and Written Down According to Verified Sources" (1860) and Shevchenko's short novel "The Musician" (1854–1855).
From a Pacific Daughter: Haunani-Kay Trask’s Legacy for Indigenous Pacific Feminisms
Authors: San Nicolas Ha'åni Lucia Falo
Published: April 2023

Adding to her profound legacy of resistance to colonization and activism for Hawai‘i and Kānaka Maoli, this essay pays tribute to Haunani-Kay Trask and explores the ways in which her various creative and scholarly publications can be used as theories and methodologies in a growing area of study called Indigenous Pacific feminisms. This paper acknowledges that, though Trask disavowed herself from feminism toward the latter part of her life, it is critical to share the significance of her contributions to Indigenous Pacific feminisms as shaping “baskets of resilience” for students, organizers, and decolonial dreamers in the Pacific and diaspora.
Involuntary medication in psychiatric units at Landspitali University Hospital in the years 2014-2018
Authors:   Mental Health Services Landspítali National University Hospital, Thorstenson Eyrún , Jónsson Brynjólfur Gauti ,   The Icelandic Heart Association, Statistician Consulting Center at the School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Bragadóttir Helga ,   Chair Nursing Administration, University of Iceland, Faculty of Nursing and MIdwifery Schollo of Health Sciences, Landspítali National University Hospital
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION: Coercion is considered controversial and is criticized around the world. Involuntary medication is one type of coercion, but the extent of its use in Iceland is not well known. The aim of this study is to shed light on the extent and time of involuntary medication in Landspitali University Hospital in Iceland, when it is most often used and whether there is a difference between patients who receive involuntary medication and those who do not receive such treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study is a quantitative descriptive retrospective study using data obtained from medical records. The sample consisted of all patients admitted to the psychiatric inpatient wards at Landspitali University Hospital in Iceland in the years 2014-2018 (N=4053). The sample was divided into two groups, group 1 with patients who received involuntary medication n=400 (9.9%) and group 2 with patients who did not receive such treatment n=3653 (90.1%). RESULTS: The total number of involuntary medications was 2438 and about 1% of the total sample received about half of all involuntary medication. Involuntary medications were most frequent during the daytime during weekdays and late at night, but no notable difference was seen between months of the year. When comparing the groups, it appears that proportionally more men and patients with foreign citizenship are in group 1 than in group 2, but no notable difference is seen in age between groups. Patients in group 1 had more visits to the emergency services at Landspitali, more admissions, and patient days per patient at psychiatric wards in Landspitali than those in group 2. The most common medical diagnosis in group 1 were within the schizophrenia spectrum (F20-F29) and mood disorders (F30-39) but in group 2 the most common medical diagnosis were mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use (F10-19) and mood disorders (F30-F39). CONCLUSION: Findings indicate certain risk factors for involuntary medication regarding demographic, medical diagnosis, use of services as well as external factors such as timing of involuntary medication. A more detailed analysis could be used to reduce the use of coercive treatment. Further research is needed on the use of coercion in psychiatric wards in Iceland.
Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by aduvants
Authors:   Department of Immunology, Landspítali National University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sigurðardóttir Sigurveig Þ , SIgurjónsson Hannes ,   Reykjavík Plastic Surgery Clinic, Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Þórarinsson Andri Már ,   Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Erlendsson Kristján ,   Department of Immunology, Landspítali National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Landspítali National University Hospital
Published: April 2023

For decades, breast implants have been available for breast reconstructions and breast augmentations to improve the patients’ health-related quality of life. Silicone implants (SI) have been used since the middle of the last century for breast reconstruction, for example after breast cancer, for birth defects, gender confirmation procedures, or for breast augmentation. Every year, several hundred SI are performed in Iceland for these purposes, but no central register is maintained. It can be estimated that at least 1000 - 3000 women have SI in Iceland and that around 300 Icelandic patients get SI every year. This informal review article discusses the so-called ASIA syndrome, the immunological effects of silicone and the possible relationship of SI to autoimmune diseases, symptoms, and diagnosis. In the methodology, this paper does not rely on the strict conditions of systematic reviews, but the authors relied only on peer-reviewed sources through PubMed, UpToDate and Scopus. The keywords used are silicon, silicon implant, silicon particles, immune response, autoimmunity, autoinflammation, Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by aduvants, ASIA, ASIA syndrome, breast implant illness. The paper reviews known facts about the disease, its characteristics, and statistical aspects.
Theoretical sustainability competence framework for students in the context of education for sustainable development in Vietnam
Authors: Kieu Thi Kinh , Nguyen Thu Ha , Nguyen Phuong Thao
Published: April 2023

This study conducted searches of studies that matched the selection criteria on online databases and manually reviewed studies from bibliographies. A total of more than 368 studies were found. After excluding non-conforming studies 14 studies with 8 theoretical frameworks on sustainable capacity were used for analysis and evaluation. The study aims to provide a sustainability competence framework for students in the context of ESD in Vietnam on the basis of finding research gaps in international studies and the competency framework of university graduates in Vietnam. From there, a sustainability competence framework is proposed for Vietnamese students as an orientation for future theoretical studies.
Injuries and illnesses during the 2021 South America wheelchair basketball championships: an epidemiological study
Authors: Bogado Diego J. , Martínez Stenger Rodrigo A. , Blajman Jesica E. , Santiago Gonzalo M. , Palma Carina S. , Quiróz Valeria N. , Barrios Máximo , Mamani Elisa N.
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Several international sports federations have implemented a standardized injury registration system during their championships. However, very few studies have included athletes with disabilities during major competitions, apart from the Paralympic Games. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the rate and characteristics of illnesses and injuries during the 2021 South America Wheelchair Basketball Championships. Material and method: The coaching staff of the 11 participating teams (a total of 129 players) were asked to report daily all the health problems that have occurred and their characteristics in a standardized form. Prevalence and incidence rates were calculated. Results: In this study 108 health problems were reported, equivalent to 83.7 per 100 players [95% CI: 67.9-99.5], with 8 timeloss health problems (6.2 per 100 players [95% CI: 1.9-10.5]) and a total of 74 medical attention injuries (57.4 per 100 players [95% CI:44.3-70.4]). Were reported 15 diseases, and the most affected organ systems were ophthalmologic, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary. More injuries were recorded during matches (n=43). The most affected regions were shoulder/clavicle (24.7%), hand/fingers (23.7%) and neck/cervical spine (12.9%). The most frequent conditions were muscle contractures/cramps (32.2%), and the predominant mechanism was overuse (53.8%). 2.2% of concussions produced during training were reported. Most of the recorded events were without time loss and with return to full participation between zero and one day. Conclusion: Monitoring of health problems during competitions is essential to determine sport-specific injury risk factors, and a complex approach should be implemented for the recognition of their characteristics in wheelchair basketball players. In this way, adequate preventive measures can be developed.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis: an underdiagnosed entity in the first contact
Authors: Sierra Franco Andrea , Talamante Madrid María Jimena , Espejo Nuño Reneta Montserrat , Davila Baeza Daniela Alejandra , Espinoza Hernández Martha Yanelly , Cano Muñoz Edit , Medrano María Erika Boza
Published: April 2023

Leishmaniasis is a chronic, vector-borne parasitic disease caused by a flagellated protozoan of the genus Leishmania, which has more than 20 species. Usually, it is a disease that affects the tropical and subtropical populations of the world. The disease is transmitted through the bite of female mosquitoes of the genus Lutzomyiaen and Phlebotomusen. The clinical presentation and its manifestations are variable, they are affected by the species and immunological state of the host. Generally, three main types are distinguished: the most frequent presentation and with the best prognosis is cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), the second is known as mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and the third presentation is visceral leishmaniasis, which puts endanger the life of the person presenting it. Leishmaniasis is related to various risk factors, including: poverty, malnutrition, migration, and inadequate housing conditions; in addition, people who work in rural areas, such as farmers, farmers, or the military in endemic areas, are at greater risk of suffering a bite by a transmitting mosquito. Due to its variable manifestations and greater affectation in poor areas, it is a pathology that is normally overlooked. The objective of this review is to define and differentiate the most frequent types of presentation as well as their cutaneous manifestations, and to provide extensive information on diagnostic methods. Briefly, general information on the pathology and treatment of these lesions will be provided.
YOĞUN BAKIM COVID-19 HASTALARINDA EKG'DE FRAGMENTE QRS VARLIĞININ YOĞUN BAKIM YATIŞ SÜRESİ VE MORTALİTEYE ETKİSİ
Authors: Güz Göksel
Published: April 2023

AMAÇ: Çalışmamızın amacı hastanemiz yoğun bakım ünitesinde, solunum yetersizliği nedeniyle yatan SARS-COV2 hastalarının elektrokardiyografisinin (EKG) fragmente QRS (f-QRS) varlığı açısından incelenmesi, f-QRS varlığının mortalite, yoğun bakım yatış süresi ve diğer prognostik biyokimyasal tetkikler ile ilişkisini incelemektir.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Hastanemiz yoğun bakım ünitesinde Haziran 2020 - Ocak 2021 tarihleri arasında yatan 122 ardışık SARS-COV2 hastası çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların EKG’si f-QRS varlığı açısından değerlendirildi. F-QRS varlığına göre hastalar iki gruba ayrıldı. F-QRS varlığı iki deneyimli kardiyolog tarafından teyit edildi. Hastaların biyokimyasal değerlerinden D-dimer, ferritin, CRP, hemogram, troponin değerleri, yoğun bakım yatış süresi, mortalite oranları bu iki grup arasında karşılaştırıldı.
BULGULAR: Yoğun bakım hastalarının %22’sinde f-QRS saptandı. F-QRS grubundaki hastaların CRP, d-Dimer, Troponin değerleri, f-QRS görülmeyen covid grubuna göre anlamlı yüksek idi. F-QRS grubunda mortalite % 38 iken, diğer grupta mortalite % 22 idi (p<0.001). SARS-COV2 hastalarında f-QRS görülme oranı yüksektir.
SONUÇ: SARS-COV2 hastalarında EKG’de f-QRS varlığı kardiyovasküler olayları ve mortaliteyi öngörebilir
MANTAR ZEHİRLENMESİ: TEK MERKEZDEN 10 YILLIK PEDİATRİK ACİL BAŞVURULARININ GERİYE DÖNÜK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Bodur İlknur , Akca Çağlar Ayla , Tekeli Aysun , Öztürk Betül , Tuygun Nilden , Karacan Can Demir
Published: April 2023

AMAÇ: Bu çalışma mantar tüketimi ile ilgili çocuk acil başvurularının klinik özellikleri ve sonlanımlarını değerlendirerek merkezimize ait tabloyu resmetmek, hasta yönetimi ve eğitim planlamasına yol gösterici veri üretmek amacıyla gerçekleştirildi.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Geriye dönük 10 yıllık sürede mantar zehirlenmesi tanısı ile acil servise başvurmuş 18 yaş altı hastaların dosyaları incelendi ve oluşturulan bir form üzerinden hastaların demografik ve klinik özellikleri kaydedilerek değerlendirildi.
BULGULAR: Değerlendirilen süre kapsamında çocuk acil servise başvurmuş toplam 689.000 hastadan 65 çocuk (%0,009) mantar zehirlenmesi tanısı almıştı. Mantar yedikten sonra semptomların başlama süresi ortalama 5,2±10,3 saatti ve hastaların %71’inde semptomlar ilk 6 saat içinde başlamıştı. Büyük çoğunluğunda gastrointestinal yakınmalar ön planda olup, kusma (%78) en sık görülen semptomdu. Hastaların tamamı hastaneye yatırıldı. Hastanede izlem süresi ortalama 3±1,5 gündü. Hasta yaşının küçük olması, başvuru fizik muayenesinde patolojik bulgu saptanması ve spesifik hepatoprotektif ve antidot tedavileri verilmiş olması hastanede yatış süresinin daha uzun olması ile ilişkili bulundu(p<0.05). Hastaların yaklaşık 1/3’ü çocuk yoğun bakım koşullarında izlenmiş olup, kaybedilen hasta olmadı. Ancak semptomları geç başlayan ve tıbbi yardıma geç başvuran sadece bir çocukta (%2) ilerleyici geri dönüşsüz karaciğer yetmezliği nedeniyle organ nakil merkezine sevk gerekti.
SONUÇ: Çocuklarda mantar zehirlenmeleri çoğunlukla gastrointestinal sistem belirtilerinin ön planda olduğu iyi bir klinik seyir gösterse de özellikle semptomları geç başlayan ve tıbbi yardıma geç başvuran hastalarda karaciğer yetmezliği ile sonuçlanabilecek ağır klinik tablo açısından dikkatli yaklaşım gereklidir.
Visual Representations of Emotions on the Basis of International Research Material
Authors: Sławek-Czochra Małgorzata
Published: April 2023

This study aims to investigate which emotions were most often evoked through art created during the pandemic and what are the new symbols of emotions and themes used in the creative process.

Two research techniques were used in the study: content analysis and Panofsky’s method. The research material consists of 100 illustrations obtained from the internet after entering the keywords ‘art’ and ‘coronavirus’ in Google.

In the analysed material the most common emotion was fear of COVID-19, loneliness, inability to maintain physical closeness, and the rules of social distancing. The most common reactions were: a desire to isolate from the source of infection, trying to hide from the coronavirus, avoiding an infection by covering the mouth and nose with a mask, gloved hands, staying at home in isolation from other people who can spread the disease. The second most common emotion was anger, most often caused by a risk of infection with COVID-19, isolation, government decisions restricting the organization of artistic events, and relocation. The most common behaviour that expressed anger was screaming and aggression, such as hitting or kicking a coronavirus molecule or its manifestations. Sadness was triggered by a fear of COVID-19, spread of the virus, health deterioration, loss of salary and loss of contact with family, loneliness in hospital, and social distancing. The manifestations of sadness in the analysed images could be observed through facial expressions, eyes, and crying. Sadness can also manifest itself through apathy and self-isolation. The least frequent emotion in the analysed research material was joy, which was the result of an improvement in the general health situation in the country, recovery, effectiveness of health care, a new topic in art, and satisfaction with family life. The symptoms of joy were, above all, a smile on the face, kisses, jumping and dancing. Street artists appealed to a wide variety of themes: religious, mythological, popular culture, and new technologies. The analysis of the research material showed that new symbols representing the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic appeared in the social space and culture: the coronavirus molecule (an emotionally universal symbol) and a white or blue surgical mask and latex gloves symbolizing fear.

The study brings some knowledge about new symbols of emotions, the specific content of art during the COVID-19 pandemic, and new research tools to be used.
Emotions and Religions: Media Representations and Visual Metaphors of Emotions on the World Wide Web
Authors: Szulich-Kałuża Justyna
Published: April 2023

The article analyses two research problems related to media representations (digital lexicons of emotions) and visual metaphors of emotions in the Internet materials concerning religions during the pandemic.

For the analyses two research techniques were used: analysis of the content and analysis of visual metaphors. Using the key words ‘religion’ and ‘coronavirus’ yielded 100 natural search engine results from Google Search (organic search), coming from all over the world, e.g. UK, USA, Poland, Canada, India, Israel, Iran, Qatar, North Korea, subject to content analysis. The research material employed in the study of metaphors are selected illustrations listed in an international catalogue of photographs and illustrations involving religious motifs, available during the COVID-19 pandemic. The metaphor analysis covered the illustrations selected from the study data, with the richest visual semantics and meeting at least one of the definition requirements for a visual metaphor.

On the basis of the analyses of virtual lexicons of the emotions of fear (and accompanying distrust), anger/wrath, happiness/joy (and accompanying: hope, trust, satisfaction, mental balance, peace of mind, closeness, solidarity, compassion, care, solace), and sadness/uncertainty, a general conclusion was formulated about the enrichment of the emotional media culture with new contexts of language use. The described examples of visual metaphors of emotions allowed for the reading of compositional techniques, symbolism, colours, contrast and elements taken from the original metaphors.

The results contribute to the studies of the social concept of emotions presented in the digital media and of new contexts of their media representations. They point to the adjustment forms of the organization of social life on the Internet initiated by religious practices that are, by their nature, emotional. The media representations and visual metaphors of emotions contribute to the creation of universal lexicons of emotions.
Emotions and Education: Media Representations in the Discourse on School Closures in Polish and British Internet Portals
Authors: Gruchoła Małgorzata
Published: April 2023

The aim of the article is to present the representations of emotions (happiness, anger, sadness, fear, worry, stuckness, compassion, dumbing, stagnation, humiliation, sense of guilt, hope, hate, sense of privilege solidarity, boredom, banality), neighbourly solidarity in the texts of the opinion-forming portals Polityka (PL) and The Spectator (UK), referring to school closures due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and their media representations in the public (the perspective of a teacher, school headmaster, member of the government, expert) and private domain (the perspective of a student and parent), in the processual approach (a catalogue of events), in the context of technological changes (distant learning), as well as socio-cultural (human relationships, domestic violence) and economic (social benefits) contexts.

Our hypothesis is that, in line with the concept of the culture of fear by Frank Furedi, the way the internet content is created and construed is supposed to evoke the emotion of fear. We performed a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content of 78 articles published in Polityka and 12 in The Spectator, between 1 March 2020 and 30 July 2020, found with the use of a search engine.

We observed at least three levels of information sources on emotions in the studied groups: the main character of the article, the one who experiences emotions (perspective of the sender); the author/editor of the article, who does evaluation and interpretation (perspective of the gate-keeper) and the reader (perspective of the addressee). On these levels, emotions can result from their literal identification; from an interpretation of a given situation, from the situational context (contextual emotions) and from the non-verbal clues and physical reactions of the organism.

The hypothesis was partially confirmed. Despite the fact the school closures, as represented by the media, generates mostly the emotion of fear, the emotion prevalent in the discourse on the consequences of school closures and on the evaluation of remote education is sadness (Polityka) and compassion (The Spectator). However, the dominant emotion, both in the public-private and public domain, is the one of sadness.