bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRS) Antikanker pada Pasien Ca Mammae yang Menjalani Kemoterapi di RSUD Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Rochmad Basuki Adriyanto , Perwitasari Dyah Aryani , Hardiyanto Herjuna
Published: September 2022

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) pada kemoterapi terjadi ketika obat sitotoksik ikut merusak sel sehat dalam tubuh. Kemoterapi menyebabkan penekanan sumsum tulang yang mengakibatkan myelosupresi sehingga mengurangi jumlah sel darah merah, sel darah putih dan trombosit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran ADRs yang terjadi dan perbedaan profil hematologi sebelum dan sesudah kemoterapi pada pasien ca mammae di RSUD Kota Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini observasional dengan pengumpulan data secara prospektif menggunakan rekam medis dan wawancara pasien. Dari sebanyak 121 pasien ca mammae yang menjalani kemoterapi diperoleh 41 pasien yang memenuhi syarat inklusi dan eksklusi. Nilai hematologi sebelum dan sesudah kemoterapi dibandingkan dengan non parametric test Wilcoxon. ADRs yang terjadi dinilai menurut penilaian kausalitas WHO. Semua responden berjenis kelamin wanita dengan usia rata-rata 54,9 ± 10,2 tahun. Regimen terapi yang digunakan yaitu docetaxel + epirubicin + carboplatin sebanyak 68,3%, paclitaxel + epirubicin + carboplatin sebanyak 29,3% dan docetaxel + doxorubicin + carboplatin sebanyak 2,4%. Diperoleh kejadian ADRs sebagian besar kasus yaitu nausea (92,7%), alopecia (82,9%), anemia (80,5%), leukopenia (65,8%) dan trombositopenia (21,9%). Berdasarkan Berdasarkan penilaian kausalitas WHO didapatkan 66% ADRs kategori probable/likely, kategori possible (20%), kategori unlikely (3%), kategori conditional (11%). Terdapat penurunan yang signifikan terhadap nilai hematologi pasien yaitu tingkat hemoglobin (11,7 vs 10,7 g/dL, * p value = 0,000 < 0,050), jumlah leukosit (8.800 vs 2.700/uL, *p value = 0,000 < 0,050) dan jumlah trombosit (331.000 vs 219.000 /uL, *p value = 0,000 < 0,050). Kesimpulan: kemoterapi menyebabkan ADRs pada pasien. Terdapat penurunan nilai hematologi yang signifikan pada pasien ca mammae yang menjalani kemoterapi di RSUD Kota Yogyakarta.
Um mapeamento sobre o ensino de matemática nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Campos Diéli , Bazan Blanco Marilia , Coelho Neto João
Published: September 2022

Este artigo discute possíveis estratégias que podem contribuir no ensino de Matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O objetivo geral é identificar, a partir de um mapeamento, o que tem sido produzido sobre ensino das operações de adição e subtração para crianças com dificuldades ou transtornos de aprendizagem. O mapeamento foi realizado no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), no Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BIREME - LILACS) e na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT). Como resultados emergiram 21 (vinte e um) trabalhos relacionados à temática, sendo 10 (dez) artigos, 8 (oito) dissertações e 3 (três) teses. Posteriormente, iniciou-se uma análise das pesquisas selecionadas que revelaram a necessidade da formação continuada, já que professores possuem um conhecimento equivocado sobre os transtornos e dificuldades na Matemática, resultado de uma falha na formação inicial. Identificar as crianças com dificuldades e transtornos na Matemática é um fator essencial e repensar o ensino e a aprendizagem destas crianças podem favorecer esse processo. Evidenciou-se o trabalho com materiais manipuláveis e lúdicos para contribuir na aprendizagem da adição e subtração, como os jogos.
ALTSOYA YAPILAN DENKLEŞTİRMEYE TABİ KAZANDIRMALAR
Authors: GÜLSEVEN Hüseyin Çağrı
Published: September 2022

Mirasta denkleştirme, mirasbırakanın sağlığında yasal mirasçılarından bazılarına sağlararası kazandırma yapması halinde, yapılan kazandırmanın iadesini sağlayan bir müessesedir. Mirasta denkleştirmenin amacı yasal mirasçılar arasındaki eşitliğin sağlanmasıdır. Yasal mirasçılar arasında olan altsoy açısından bu eşitliğin sağlanması amacıyla, Türk Medeni Kanunu (TMK) m. 669 vd. hükümlerinde birtakım düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Bu düzenlemelerden birincisi altsoya yapılan bazı kazandırmaların mirasbırakan tarafından aksine düzenleme yapılmadığı müddetçe denkleştirmeye tabi olmasıdır. İkincisi ise mirasbırakanın aksi yönde iradesi yoksa denkleştirmeden muaf olan kazandırmalardır. Bu çerçevede çalışmada ilk olarak denkleştirme borçlusu olan altsoy kavramı incelenmiş, akabinde ise altsoya yapılan denkleştirmeye tabi ve muaf olan kazandırmalar Yargıtay Kararları ışığında değerlendirilmiştir.
Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome- The first case from Pakistan: a case report
Authors: Hassan Tanvir Ramzi  , Zainab Yumna , Sana Manzoor  , Malik Akram
Published: September 2022

Chronkhite-Canada Syndrome is characterised by diffuse gastrointestinal polyposis, dystrophic changes of the fingernails, cutaneous hyperpigmentation, alopecia, diarrhoea, weight loss, and abdominal pain. This disease is also associated with peripheral neuropathies and autoimmune disorders. Its association with other diseases may cause the polyps to turn into malignant tumours and worsen the condition. The first-line treatment is a combination of prednisone and mesalamine. NSAIDs and antibiotic administration is based on the symptoms and needs of patients. Here, we describe a 51-year-old male who presented to us with abdominal pain and significant weight loss. His physical examination showed dystrophic nails, alopecia and hyperpigmentation. Endoscopy and colonoscopy showed multiple polyps.
His manifestations were consistent with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. We prescribed oral corticosteroids, which improved his condition.
Keywords: Cronkhite-Canada syndrome, CCS, polyps, Pakistan.
Modelo Multicritério Construtivista de Apoio à Decisão e a Percepção de Valor dos Consumidores Referente a Produtos Ecologicamente Corretos
Authors: Balen Daiane , Martins Vinicius Abilio , Bertolini Geysler
Published: September 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivos elaborar um modelo de apoio a decisão para inclusão de novos produtos na linha de produtos de um moinho, por meio da Metodologia Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão Construtivista e identificar o valor percebido pelos consumidores relativo a produtos ecológicos, com foco em orgânicos. Para construção do modelo de apoio a decisão foi utilizado a primeira etapa da Metodologia Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão Construtivista – MCDA-C e para identificar o valor percebido pelos consumidores foi utilizada a primeira etapa do Modelo Bertolini, Rojo e Lezana (2012), onde foi aplicada uma pesquisa com 387 pessoas. Foi possível evidenciar que os produtos orgânicos ficaram em sétima posição dentre as ações ecológicas elencadas e o perfil de consumidor que valoriza produtos orgânicos é composto em seu maior percentual por consumidores do sexo feminino, escolaridade de nível superior, renda elevada e faixa etária de 35 a 49 anos.
Analisis Kinerja Petugas Apron Movement Control Dalam Meningkatkan Keselamatan Penerbangan di Apron pada Bandar Udara Abdul Rachman Saleh Malang
Authors: Wicaksono Kharisma Febry , Hilal Raden Fatchlul
Published: September 2022

Air transportation is currently the main choice for users who need time efficiency and convenience. AMC (Apron Movement Control) is the officer who is fully responsible for everything that happens on the Apron. Good AMC performance also affects the success of a flight. Given the very importance of airport operational activities which are activities that cannot be separated from the role of safety, work security and environmental protection activities. This study was conducted to find out how the performance of Apron Movement Control officers in improving flight safety on Apron at Abdul Rachman Saleh airport and what obstacles or obstacles the performance of Apron Movement Control officers were when carrying out their duties to improve flight safety at the airport. According to Sugiyono (2013) the research method is a scientific way to obtain data with certain goals and uses. This research method is a step that is owned and carried out by researchers in order to collect information or data and conduct investigations on the data that has been determined. In this study, researchers will use the type of qualitative research. According to Moleong (2011) states that qualitative research is research that intends to understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by the research subject. The results of the research on the performance of AMC (Apron Movement Control) at Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport, Malang, have been optimal in carrying out performance and are in accordance with the Regulation of the Director General of Civil Aviation Number: KP 21 of 2015 as well as those that have been determined by the company. Then the obstacles or obstacles faced by Apron Movement Control officers when carrying out tasks based on research and going into the field there were obstacles from inadequate and less helpful facilities in the performance process of Apron Movement Control employees as field implementers who always maintained safety in the Apron area. Apron Movement Control) Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport Malang is optimal in performing its performance and is in accordance with the Regulation of the Director General of Civil Aviation Number: KP 21 of 2015 as well as those determined by the company. However, there are facilities that are not appropriate and are not yet available with the provisions set by the government. Facilities and infrastructure at Malang Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport are not yet complete, and the lack of AMC personnel will cause problems from several factors.

Keywords: Aviation Safety, Performance, Obstacles, Field Implementers, AMC (Apron Movement Control), Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport Malang
Potencialidades de investigación con la evaluación diagnóstica del primer ciclo de educación media
Authors: Morales Romero Daniel
Published: September 2022

Este artículo describe los datos y las calificaciones obtenidas por los estudiantes para cada una de las áreas con las encuestas realizadas a los estudiantes y directores de escuelas que fueron obtenidas mediante la Evaluación Diagnóstica del Primer Ciclo de Educación Media.

Se realizaron unas estadísticas descriptivas que muestran algunas características socio-demográficas de los estudiantes y de los directores, así como las características de las escuelas. Los resultados y el análisis preliminar muestran el potencial de investigación contenido en las bases de datos.

Los resultados más importantes de este trabajo muestran que las características socio-demográficas de los estudiantes (que se aproxima el poder adquisitivo familiar) están altamente relacionadas con su desempeño académico. También se evidencia que en las escuelas donde los directores poseen una maestría o doctorado, sus estudiantes presentan un desempeño significativamente mejor.

La base de datos de la Evaluación Diagnóstica constituye una fuente potencial de información científica-empírica que podría contribuir con la toma de decisiones en el sector educativo.
Computed Tomography and Other Imaging Modalities in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Chen Hongying , Bahari Norafida , Mohamad Sain Suraini , Mohd Noor Noramaliza
Published: September 2022

Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most common congenital disabilities. Early and accurate diagnosis of coronary heart disease is very important for patients to get timely and effective treatment. In recent years, the accuracy of coronary heart disease diagnosis has been greatly improved with the development of medical imaging equipment and technology. At present, the clinical application of echocardiogram (echo), cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) in coronary heart disease anatomy and function has increased significantly, which plays an important role in preoperative diagnosis, intraoperative monitoring, and postoperative recovery evaluation. However, each imaging technique has its indications. Providing the best examination plan for patients requires clinicians and radiologists’ close cooperation. Therefore, this study reviewed the imaging techniques for diagnosing coronary heart disease.
Dehydrated Food Waste for Composting: An Overview
Authors: Khalida Aziz , Arumugam Veknesh , Abdullah Luqman Chuah , Abd Manaf Latifah , Ismail Muhammad Heikal
Published: September 2022

Food waste disposal has recently received much attention worldwide due to its major impact on environmental pollution and economic costs. Using high moisture content of food waste has the highest negative environmental impact due to increased greenhouse gas emissions, odor, and leachate. Drying technologies play an important role in reducing the moisture content of food waste, which is necessary for environmental sustainability and safety. The first part of this review highlights that sun-drying is the most cost-effective drying method. However, it has not been widely recommended for food waste management due to several limitations, including the inability to control sunray temperature and the inability to control end-product quality. Thermal drying eliminates moisture from food waste quickly, preventing hydrolysis and biodegradation. Thermal dryers, such as the GAIA GC-300 dryer, and cabinet dryer fitted with a standard tray, are the best alternative to sun drying. The second part of this review highlights that dehydrated food waste products are slightly acidic (4.7–5.1), have a high electrical conductivity (EC) value (4.83–7.64 mS cm-1), with high nutrient content, due to low pH levels, dehydrated food waste is not suitable for direct use as a fertilizer for the plants. So, the dried food waste should be composted before application to the plants because the composting process will dominate the limitation of phytotoxins, anoxia, salinity, and water repellence. Trench compost can be a good choice for decomposing dried organic waste because trench compost relies solely on soil decomposing microorganisms and insects.
Evaluation of Acoustical Performance for Atrium Design with Respect to Skylight Geometry and Material in the Tropics
Authors: Che Din Nazli , Zhi Tio Seng , Soon Chia Keng
Published: September 2022

Atriums, in most conditions, are considered the heart of buildings, the main spaces where different functions and activities are held. Nowadays, various atrium designs are incorporated in the building, varying from pyramidal to barrel vault. Therefore, it is of great importance to study the basic characteristics of sound fields in such spaces and their related materials. This research aims to determine the effect of various skylight geometry configurations on the atrium’s acoustical performance. Next, an acoustical performance evaluation of the effect of skylight materials was performed by using computer simulation. Four selected atriums with different types of skylight geometries modeling and respective materials, i.e., glass, polycarbonate, and acrylic, have been used in this acoustical simulation. From the results, it can be concluded that an atrium with a pyramidal skylight provides a better reverberation time for music purposes. In contrast, all atriums’ models’ speech transmission index values were almost identical. However, no significant acoustical performance can be found in different used materials. The result also indicates that the shape of the atrium has a higher effect on the acoustical performance than the different materials used.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Associated with Biomedical Waste Management among Students in an Indian Teaching Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: E Thirumurugan , K Gomathi , Yamuna  , Kalimunnisha  , Aathilakshmi
Published: September 2022

Purpose: In developing countries, the medical waste management and treatment pose a great deal of concern because of the potential health and environmental hazards presented by this waste. Although India has guidelines on preventing and managing waste, the implementation is still difficult due to technological, economic, and social challenges, as well as insufficient training for the staff, students, in charge. This study aimed to measure the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among allied health science, physiotherapy, pharmacy, and nursing students about biomedical waste management.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from students of nursing, physiotherapy, pharmacy, and allied health at Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Allied Health Teaching Hospital. Based on the participant responses, statistical analysis was performed to compare the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practices between the study groups.
Findings/Results: This study recruited 237 respondents in total, with 59.4% of the female participants and 40.5% of the study respondents representing men. Most (90.8%) of the study population fell within the 21–30 age range. The study analyzed students' knowledge of needle-stick injuries in the allied health sciences, physiotherapy, pharmacy, and nursing fields. Only PhD Scholars from Allied health science and Nursing Students had (>90%) excellent knowledge about this topic. 42 (84%) Nursing, 20 (80%) Pharmacy, 13(26%) Allied health and 35 (70%) Physiotherapy undergraduate’s students had suffered from needle stick injuries in the past 24 months.
Originality/Value: According to the study, there is a dearth of knowledge and awareness among students studying allied health sciences, physiotherapy, pharmacy, and nursing at private medical colleges in Tamil Nadu, India, concerning the risks associated with BM waste generation and the related laws and management.
Paper Type: Empirical Research
Reliability Evaluation of Factors of Millennial Perception towards Digital Payments
Authors: Kumari Sunil , Gupta Jaya , Jain Renu
Published: September 2022

Post-demonetization, digital payments in transactions became substantial; nonetheless, these services are still relatively new to Indian customers and are still in their infancy. Investigating the variables that influence customers' intentions to utilise digital payment services in India, particularly among millennials, is necessary to promote the development of computer enabled devices as an alternative payment method. Present study is to do a pilot study on millennial perception towards Mobile Banking/Digital wallets/UPI. The study makes use of Cronbach’s Alpha to see if the data is internally consistent. Millennials will make up 35% of the global workforce just this year. The results based on Cronbach’s Alpha show that the data is internally consistent after dropping each variable for challenges faced and customer satisfaction.
A participação docente no processo de construção do plano de desenvolvimento institucional do IFSP/2014-2018
Authors:   Instituto Federal de São Paulo, IADOCICCO Fernanda N. , OLIVEIRA Oseias S. ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Published: September 2022

This article aims to analyze the participatory process of teachers in the construction of the Institutional Development Plan – PDI (2014-2018) of the Federal Institute of São Paulo (IFSP). The research of a is structured in a bibliographic analysis and documentary, in which the national documents and institutional, as like the PDI. The study reveals that teacher participation was intense in meeting the demand of new courses, but this participation decreases when the question refers to the pedagogical aspects.
Alteración de la conducta alimentaria durante la pandemia generada por el COVID-19
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, VINDAS Melissa , SANCHEZ Maria J. ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala, SALAMEA Rosa M. ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala
Published: September 2022

The objective of the study is to examine the eating behavior disorders that the COVID-19 confinement crisis has generated in university students during the years 2020-2021. It is a quantitative approach study of explanatory scope with 163 students from the Technical University of Machala (Ecuador). It was found that the obsession with thinness (DT) subscale was the one with the most participants who met the remission criteria (50.9%), resulting concerning that so many participants are obsessed with thinness.
Adoption of Improved Poultry Technologies amongst Members of Poultry Producer Company and Non-member Women Farmers of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Patel Raj K. , Chander Mahesh , Verma Med R. , Johnson Demian C.
Published: September 2022

Poultry Producer Company is collectivizing the smallholder poultry farmers and helps them to perform poultry farming scientifically  and efficiently. The present study was conducted on women poultry farmers of Madhya Pradesh to study the impact of poultry producer  company on the adoption of improved technologies of poultry farming amongst smallholder farmers. Ex-post facto research design was  used in the study. Multistage sampling was done for the selection of respondents and a total of 140 members and 140 non-member  women farmers were selected randomly for data collection. After the application of propensity score matching, 96 members and 96  non-members were found suitable for data analysis and interpretation of results. It was found that the majority of the members had  high level of adoption of improved poultry technologies while majority of non-members had medium level of adoption of poultry  technologies. The adoption quotient for member and non-member farmers was 83.75 and 37.92%, respectively. There was a significant  difference in the overall adoption rate of members compared to non-members at 0.1% significance.
Prediction of Lifetime Milk Yield using Principal Component Analysis in Gir Cattle
Authors: Dangar Nikhil S. , Vataliya Pravin H.
Published: September 2022

The objective of the research was to investigate the relationship among production traits i.e., lactation milk yield, lactation length  and lactation peak milk yield of the first three lactations using principal component analysis and formulation of prediction equation  to predict lifetime milk production in Gir cattle. Data were from multiparous dairy cows of the University farm. Principal component  analysis with correlation matrix was used to find the relationship among lactation milk yield, lactation length and lactation peak milk  yield of first three lactation and other fixed effects, including the year of calving, season and parity with random effect of sire. The  principal components were fitted to identify the best-fitted model for predicting lifetime milk yield using all principal components as  a predictor in different combinations. The first six principal components (first lactation milk yield, lactation length and peak milk yield,  second lactation milk yield, lactation length and peak milk yield), explained 98% variation in the estimated values with adjusted R2=  59.85% variation in the estimated values. The curve estimation analysis revealed that the first six principal components as the predictor  was the most fitting model for predicting lifetime milk yield. The prediction equation found most fitted will be useful for the selection  of Gir cattle at an early stage of lactation.
Comparative Study of Anharmonic Properties of Oxides Having Face Centered Cubic Crystal Structure of Second and Third Order
Authors: K. S. Kushwaha
Published: September 2022

A theory has been evolved for obtaining anharmonic properties of oxides having face centered cubic crystal symmetry using long-range Coulomb and short-range Born-Mayer potentials starting from the nearest-neighbour distance and hardness parameter. The second order elastic constants are obtained for oxides of Cd, Co, Fe, Nb, Ni, Te, Ti and Zr at elevated temperature. The room temperature data are utilized for obtaining the first order pressure derivatives of second order elastic constants, the second order pressure derivatives of second order elastic constants and partial contractions of these oxides. The results are presented and discussed.
Involving society in the enhancement of old city centres
Authors: Guardiola-Víllora Arianna , Basset-Salom Luisa
Published: September 2022

Old city centres should be known, valued and preserved as part of the history and of the cultural and architectural heritage of cities. For this purpose, it is common practice to declare them sites of cultural interest, and to list their residential buildings with different grades of protection. However, for the inhabitants of the city centres, the listing status of their residential buildings is perceived as a problem, rather than an attractive added value for their property, since it limits their possibilities of intervention (refurbishment, expansion, elevation, etc). On many occasions, the lack of recognition of this vernacular architecture or humble architectural heritage has, as a consequence, the abandonment or reduction of maintenance as well as the alteration or destruction of the specific features that make them unique (or even essential) as part of the urban scene. In order to involve both the inhabitants of the old city centres and the visitors in the enhancement of these areas and to guarantee their preservation, different educational actions can be undertaken. To clearly define these actions, the first step is to carry out a study on the perception that owners and tenants have of this type of architecture. This paper proposes a series of questions to perform a survey among the citizens in order to evaluate the social opinion. Finally, this paper suggests a set of actions to be taken to improve the conception the citizenship has about the values of old city centres.
The towns of the Popocateptl Volcano. Territorial symbolism, cultural identity and vernacular architecture.
Authors: Aguilar Prieto Berenice
Published: September 2022

This paper addresses the relationship between identity and territory from a cultural geography perspective. The case of study is the Popocatépetl Volcano settlements in central Mexico. Natural and social features that have determined the traditional local building and urban spacial solutions are considered. The theoretical approach is based on hermeneutics theories, namely, the symbolic-cultural appropriation of the territory, based on the meaning and symbolism underlying the cultural identity of the communities’ territorial ways of life. It is supported by the results of field research carried out over three years in two towns where university students and local people joined. According to Giménez, whose theory is fundamental for this study, the territories hold a symbolism for the peoples and their history, from which it follows that in rural areas spatial decisions respond mainly to cultural factors. The meaning that ancestral territories comprise for ethnic and mestizo groups, as well as their attachment explains the conception of being places of anchoring collective memory, in the author terms. The latter will be explained through the local vernacular constructive solutions of the volcano towns, their streets and trails, the complementary spaces and elements of daily community life such as orchards and barns. This paper does not overlook the current matter and issues that have arisen after several governmental policies, that together with real estate and cement companies, have disrupted local quality of life, people values and their idiosyncrasies. The cultural development of these towns took centuries to achieve; the mastery of the trades from the knowledge of the materials, among others. Three decades have sufficed for the globalization interests disguised as progress, to make local people let go their ancestral knowledge on how to build their dwellings and how to solve their public spaces. All these is in detriment of the natural resources leading to a loss of balance between human space and nature.
From protoypes to monotypes. Neo-craftmanship in architecture and design
Authors: Bravo Bravo Juan
Published: September 2022

The paper focuses on characterizing a current design trend —sometimes called neo-craftsmanship— that uses manual processes to create unique objects. About a century ago, pioneers of modern architecture and design pushed their primary trend towards prototypes definition in their massive industrial —mechanical and serial— production. Nowadays, an opposite impulse can be identified looking for monotypes definition —single products or from limited series—, with high manual intervention and capable of being customized to assume the individuality of each user. On one side, creative strategies used by mo-dernist designers founded their design process on objective criteria: rational, functional or economic. Nevertheless, in this other case, designers prefer subjective criteria based on expressiveness, significant forms, chance or casual associations. In some way, this trend supposes a return to the art and industry debate between crafts and design that presided over the genesis of the modern movement. It is possible to find this trend not only in post-industrial societies but also in those in their process of industrialization, where it appears as a differentiated alternative. In this last case, design methodologies or strategies are applied to push an economic development best based on sustainable exploitation of local resources or applying traditional productive techniques, skills or capacities. Finally, the paper identifies and proposes study cases as representative examples in product design and architectural activities to illustrate this trend. Some of them can also be connected to design strategies aligned with environmental sustainability positions: reuse, reduction and recycling of materials and products; preference for low-polluting industrial processes; water and energy saving; life cycle management; local production and consumption; and so on.
Rediscovering tradition through representation: the vaulted house of the Amalfi Coast.
Authors: Morena Sara , Messina Barbara , Ferreyra Carla
Published: September 2022

The Amalfi Coast represents one of the most fascinating examples of Mediterranean landscape with a unique cultural and natural setting, resulting from its dramatic topography and the evolution of its community. The universal value of the coast, the evolutionary process of human adaptation to its production and exchange spaces, as well as its residential settlements, is very important to preserve. In this regard, the research is focused on the interpretation of these places, and in particular on the typical medieval houses to find the main features through the representation of ancient and new designers. The observation through the drawing allows rediscovering the essential elements that distinguish and at the same time link the buildings with the Mediterranean tradition. The geographical and economic characteristics that particularized the Amalfi Coast in medieval times and the absence of terrestrial connections inevitably led to isolation towards the hinterland and an opening by sea. The owners of these artifacts were mainly merchants and, coming into contact with different cultures, brought to their territories a miscellany of traditions. Similar, these houses are made of local stone and are characterized by their vaulted roof extrados that, depending on the type, leads back to a specific historical phase. The study and analysis of the drawings over time, therefore, aims to discover the main characteristic and rediscover the historical, aesthetic, and artistic value of the vernacular architecture of Campania. These buildings have always been a source of inspiration for great artists and architects who, following the Grand Tour along the coast, have characterized their works, and therefore represent an important heritage to be known, protected, and enhanced to safeguard harmony and splendor of the Amalfi Coast.
From rural house to “villa of delights”: knowledge and conservation of Villa Murat in the Sorrento peninsula
Authors: Pane Andrea , Catuogno Raffaele , Parente Maria
Published: September 2022

Thanks to an innovative territorial plan, drafted with the coordination of Roberto Pane and Luigi Piccinato and approved in 1987, many exceptional examples of vernacular architecture have been preserved in the Sorrento peninsula. Some of these, initially built as rural houses inserted in agricultural estates, have been transformed over the centuries by subsequent aggregation of volumes, into more complex structures, in which agricultural and residential usage have long coexisted. This is what happened to Villa Rossi, later known as Villa Murat, in the municipality of Massa Lubrense: an initial nucleus, dating back to the 17th century, was expanded during the following century, adding volumes and regularizing an initially spontaneous architecture. Despite such transformations, Villa Murat still retains some constructive features which are typical of vernacular architecture of the Sorrento and Amalfi coasts, such as extradosed vaults covered with beaten lapillus or the loggias facing the sea. The villa, which in the meantime had become property of the Rossi family, intertwined major historical events at the beginning of the 19th century, having become the headquarters of king Gioacchino Murat - hence its name - during the “Capture of Capri” against the British in 1808. Villa Murat, located in the quiet hamlet called Annunziata, away from the centres that have undergone major alterations, has still been preserved almost intact, even in the architectural surfaces, both the internal and external ones. For this reason a thorough research was possible, also thanks to an integrated survey with both aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry and laser scanning. The final aim, as the paper will show, is to develop a conservative design proposal, with targeted actions of conservation of architectural surfaces and structural consolidation, that will allow to keep the physical integrity of the villa and its authenticity without giving up a possible but compatible enhancement.
Traditional buildings for tobacco processing in Val Tiberina (Tuscany-Italy)
Authors: Fratini Fabio , Rescic Silvia , Camaiti Mara , Mattone Manuela
Published: September 2022

This paper focuses on the analysis of buildings used for tobacco processing, built in the first half of the 20th century in Tuscany (province of Arezzo), by studying construction techniques, materials, and preservation issues. Since the 16th century, in Tuscany, the sites involved in the cultivation of tobacco are both the upper Val Tiberina and Val di Chiana (in particular Arezzo and Siena areas). At first, tobacco was used either for medical purposes or as snuff and pipe powder. It soon became the most renowned cultivation throughout the Tiberina Valley, due to the excellent quality of the tobacco produced. The first significant crops date back to the early 17thcentury. The drying process took place in specific buildings named "tabaccaie", where tobacco leaves were placed over an oak wood fire to dry. This process was adopted until the 1970s. Subsequently, a profound crisis in the agricultural sector determined the falling into disuse and abandonment of numerous "tabaccaie". In some cases, these buildings have been reused as luxury hotels for tourism purposes, but many of them have been demolished or are in a state of ruin. They represent the testimony of agro-industrial vernacular architectures nowadays at great risk. Indeed, most of the recovery interventions have often completely obliterated the original structure to make the former “tabaccaie” able to satisfy housing and comfort requirements. The study aims to deepen the knowledge of these buildings to preserve cultural identities and transfer inherited values.
The paving of ancient paths, testimony of an ancient culture: recovery of a traditional route in Genoa (Liguria, Italy)
Authors: Fratini Fabio , Pittaluga Daniela , Rescic Silvia
Published: September 2022

One of the characteristic features of villages and towns is the paths that run through them. These often bear the traces of an ancient culture, which is manifested both in the materials used and in the construction and maintenance practices implemented in different territories. Rediscovering these traces is essential to understanding and safeguarding this significant component of the material history, which is often distorted or obliterated during urban interventions, owing to lack of knowledge. This paper presents a project for the enhancement and recovery of one of the traditional routes that run through Genoa from the coast to the mountains. These so-called "crêuze" are frequently made up of a central strip of bricks flanked by cobble-stones. In rainy weather, these bricks facilitate the passage of people, while proper drainage is ensured by the cambered profile and the cobble-stone side channels, which slow down the flow of water. To maximise the durability of these paths, both the construction techniques and the wise choice of materials and their processing were fundamental. Thus, this research also aims to ascertain the durability of the different materials used through their compositional and physical analysis. Awareness of the material culture that enabled such a high level of expertise to be achieved in the construction of these particular paths constitutes a valuable resource for correct interventions. The project involves private and public partners and also provides an opportunity to protect the territory through the proper management of water. In the past, water management was well organized. However, the various urban stratifications have given rise to evident problems.
Earthen vernacular architecture in flood-prone areas: characteristics and typologies in the Ebro basin
Authors: Trizio Francesca , Torrijo Echarri F. Javier , Mileto Camilla , Vegas López-Manzanares Fernando
Published: September 2022

Earthen architecture is one of Spain's longest-standing construction traditions, used from antiquity to the mid-twentieth century. Given its hygroscopic nature, earthen architecture is generally seen as barely resistant to water and as more associated with geographical areas with hot and dry climates. However, it is found in different places with different climate and geographical characteristics. In these surroundings, its survival over time has been ensured by a process of adaptation and modification producing architectural and constructive forms which reflect the identity of the geographical areas in question. One of the main risks to earthen architecture are floods, which have always represented a threat to this architectural heritage. The increased frequency and intensity of floods due to climate change have in turn gradually given rise to an increasing risk of disappearance for this architectural heritage. This paper aims to study the typologies and features of earthen vernacular architecture in flood-prone areas through the analysis of case studies in the Ebro basin. The study of earthen buildings in the area under study provides information on the most recurrent architectural features and vulnerabilities, as well as the inherent resistance which has enabled this earthen architectural heritage to survive. Moreover, a study of the pathologies and structural damage visible on buildings highlights those which are a direct consequence of the action of water and can potentially affect structural behaviour during a flood. Aiming to establish conservation strategies for earthen architectural heritage the data collected are analysed using a qualitative vulnerability assessment methodology, establishing the degree of influence of individual characteristics on the response of earthen structures to floods.
Vernacular earthen architectures. Institutionalisation and management models for its conservation in northern Argentina
Authors: Tomasi Jorge , Barada Julieta
Published: September 2022

The conservation of vernacular earthen architecture presents specific technical and social challenges, which implies particular reflections in relation to concrete actions for their restoration, but also to the management models implemented in the interventions. The heritagisation of many of these architectures implies an institutionalization of actions, with approaches on vernacular techniques with procedures that are often foreign to the logics of local constructive cultures. This paper is oriented to the analysis of two vernacular earthen architectures in northern Argentina: Casa del Marques -in the town of Yavi- and the Church of Uquía, both in the province of Jujuy. These analysis involve a recognition of the different trajectories around the institutionalization of conservation, both historical and contemporary. In this sense, the paper will focus on three issues: (a) the action of state institutions in the conservation of these architectures; (b) the problems associated with these actions in technical terms; (c) the possibilities of participatory approaches from vernacular practices. In methodological terms, this presentation will be based on the fieldwork carried out for the registration, diagnosis and support in the execution of the works, in dialogue with other approaches from archive documentation. In the particular case of Casa de Marques, the fieldwork implied the realization of different workshops with local communities, from participatory approaches.
Preservation and promotion of the cultural heritage through University, public administration, and community engagement
Authors: Mattone Manuela , Frullo Nadia
Published: September 2022

Universities have long been asked to become promoters of actions aimed at increasing society's general level of well-being through interventions with cultural, social, and educational implications via technology transfer and knowledge sharing. Therefore, a mutual collaboration between different researchers of the Politecnico di Torino and local Public Administrations has been consolidated over the last few years in the context of educational and research activities on the conservation and enhancement of the cultural heritage, focusing on vernacular architecture.To provide a proactive contribution in proposing projects to preserve both the cultural heritage and social and economic development of the territories, a new educational methodology with a direct and mutual collaboration of teachers and students with local communities and policymakers was tested. Its primary purposes are to recognize local identities, identify resources and detractors, and define possible trajectories of sustainable development of case studies. Moreover, the projects propose their conservation and enhancement to improve the inhabitants' life quality and protect the local resources through technically and economically sustainable interventions paying specific attention to vernacular architecture's characters, local traditions, territory's peculiarities, potentialities, and critical issues.The results show the central role of establishing an open engagement of the local community and policymakers in complex and sustainable development projects implicating a mediator such as an architect. Hence, it is necessary to reinterpret the "symbolic" values identified by the territorial studies and to signify them (keying) into a restoration project able to frame how the local community identifies itself (framing) towards a model of a sustainable and compatible development project (modelling) for the future recovery of the sites.The case studies confirmed the pivotal role of the universities in educating the students through a multidisciplinary approach towards the complex systems of cultural heritage, engaging and moderating local community instances and the vision of the policymakers.
Vernacular architecture of the Amalfi coast: a medieval domus in Villa Rufolo in Ravello (Italy)
Authors: De Feo Emanuela
Published: September 2022

The oldest medieval domus in Ravello date back to the twelfth century, as an evolution of the original house with barrel vaults, a primitive stone construction with walls of dry masonry of limestone and almost always connected to an olive grove or a vineyard, widespread on the Campania coasts between the island of Capri, the coast of Sorrento and that of Amalfi. Vertical and horizontal aggregations of this module have constituted, over time, the evolution of the building typology, while retaining some of the pre-existing architectural elements and the peculiar construction characteristics, including the strong link of this architecture with the particular orography of the territory. The private building complexes are the result of this ongoing process, consisting of various rooms connected to each other and arranged on several levels, in which the members of a single family lived with their servants. The entire structure was surrounded by walls and defended by towers. The interiors consisted of rooms heated by fireplaces, kitchens, furnaces, Arab baths, cisterns, wells, cellars, warehouses, stables, rooms for winemaking, gardens and cultivated terraces. The paper analyzes the history and construction features of one of the few medieval domus still existing and which has not undergone substantial transformations, also because it was brought to light only in the last decade of the twentieth century, currently located in the boundaries of Villa Rufolo in Ravello. Its original conformation is hypothesized, thanks also to a description made of it in the archive documents. The paper also reports the work carried out on the case study in order to undertake a cataloguing of a heritage in continuous discovery.
Local materials and traditions in the conservation of vernacular buildings
Authors: Rodrigues Chenelle
Published: September 2022

What were the traditional techniques and materials employed to maintain and conserve vernacular buildings? If we study carefully, we could find the answers in analyzing existing vernacular constructions, related traditional building cultures, and the inhabitants’ lifestyle practices. My research, particularly my Master’s in Architectural Conservation dissertation, aimed to explore the tangible and intangible aspects of traditional living that contributed to the conservation of vernacular buildings.My research affirmed that people in the olden times had a deep understanding of their surrounding environment and micro-climate. They effectively used local land resources to develop building techniques that preserved their buildings for several generations. E.g., In India, fruit resin was added to mud-plasters to strengthen them. The study also provided insights into traditions and social norms that contributed to the upkeep and longevity of vernacular buildings. E.g., In Portugal, every year, people lime-washed their walls before the village feast. Though it was a cleaning act, the whitewash served as a protective layer to the walls. The former practices were conscious efforts to preserve buildings. However, the latter often laid hidden in daily life routines and hence remained unrecognized as conservation efforts. This research paper highlights some traditional building and maintenance strategies native to different parts of the world that – consciously or not – contributed to the conservation and maintenance of vernacular constructions. It is intended to bring to notice traditional conservation methods, which could be integrated into modern conservation strategies by heritage professionals today.