bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAGOT KAMIŞI YAPIMINDA KARGI KAMIŞININ İNCELENMESİ VE FAGOT KAMIŞININ KALİTESİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER
Authors: HOPA Emre
Published: December 2020

Fagotun gelişim süreci günümüze kadar yaklaşık olarak 400 yılı kapsar. Bu süreç, çalgının yapısal olarak gelişim süreci olarak görülmesine rağmen, çalgının akustik özelliklerinin kamış yapımı tekniklerine bağlı olarak ilerlediği bir süreçtir. Çalgının gelişimi üzerine yapılan araştırmalar genellikle çalgının yapısal ve pedagojik yönlerini ortaya koymuş, kamış yapımı ise bu araştırmaların çok az bir kısmını oluşturmuştur. Çalgının titreşimini yaratan böylesine önemli bir parçanın bu süreçte ikinci planda kalması, günümüze kadar birçok sorunu da beraberinde getirmiştir. Fagot kamış yapımı üzerine yapılan araştırmalar genellikle kargı kamışının kazınması ve uygun titreşimi yaratması üzerinedir. Bu çalışmada, fagot kamışı yapımında önemli bir eksiklik olarak ortaya çıkan kargı kamışının yapısal özellikleri ve fagot kamışının kalitesini etkileyen faktörler araştırılmıştır. Kargının kamışının yoğunluk ve sertlik değerleri fagot kamışının kalitesini belirleyen en önemli etmenlerdendir. Bu etmenler bitkinin yetiştiği iklim, toprak, sulama, gübreleme, hasat edilen bitkinin yaşı ve hasat zamanına bağlı olarak değişiklik gösterebilir. Bu nedenle fagot kamışının yapılmadan önce malzemenin incelenmesi ve ortaya çıkan verilere bağlı kalarak yapılması gerekir.
KABAK KEMANEDE YOZGAT (SÜRMELİ) TAVRI
Authors: ÇELİK Özgür
Published: December 2020

Kabak kemane, TRT kurumunda icra edilmeden önce, 1950’lere kadar daha çok Batı Anadolu’nun dağ köylerinde Yörükler tarafından, boğaz havaları, gurbet havaları ve bu dağ köylerinin yerel repertuvarında icra edilmiş bir yaylı çalgıdır. Yurttan Sesler Topluluğu’nda yer almasıyla birlikte, farklı yörelere ait türkülerde de icra edilmeye başlamıştır. Yurttan Sesler Topluluğu’ndan sonra, akademik anlamda Türk müziği konservatuvarlarında da eğitimi verilmeye başlayan kabak kemane, Kültür Bakanlığı’na bağlı Türk halk müziği korolarında, halk müziği sanatçılarının saz topluluklarında ve albümlerinde icra edilen bir çalgı haline dönüşmüş ve dolayısıyla her yörenin türküsünde, bağlama topluluğu ve diğer Türk halk müziği çalgılarıyla birlikte icra edilmeye başlamıştır. Bu toplu icralarda özellikle tavır söz konusu olduğunda, kabak kemanenin birlikte çalarken uyum içerisinde olması gereken çalgıların başında bağlama ve bağlama ailesine ait olan cura ve divan gibi telli ve mızraplı çalgılar gelmektedir. Bu toplu icralardaki repertuvardan ve yöre tavırlarından birisi de Yozgat (Sürmeli) tavrıyla icra edilen türkülerdir. Kabak kemanenin Yurttan Sesler Topluluğu’nda bağlama ailesinden sonra yer almaya başlamasıyla birlikte kabak kemane çalgısı bu yöre tavrında da icra edilmeye başlamıştır. Bu makalemiz, Yozgat (Sürmeli) tavrının kabak kemanede nasıl ve ne şekilde, hangi yay ve parmak teknikleriyle icra edildiğini ortaya koymak ve böylece, kabak kemanenin özellikle Türk müziği konservatuvarlarındaki eğitimine katkı sağlamak için hazırlanmıştır.
Implementasi Rehab-Rekon Perumahan Pasca Gempa Bumi Di Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Jailani Muhammad Aprian , Ali Muhammad , Hasanah Siti
Published: December 2020

Gempa bumi yang terjadi tahun 2018 di NTB (Lombok-Sumbawa) dengan kekuaatan 6,4; 7,0; 6,3; dan 5,9 SR yang menyebabkan korban jiwa, luka-luka dan kerusakan sarana prasarana serta perumahan masyarakat. Tercatat hingga tahun 2020 kerusakan 226,204 unit terdiri dari ringan, sedang dan berat, oleh karenanya dengan jumlah kerusakan tersebut menjadi tujuan sejauhmana proses rehab-rekon dilakukan dengan memperhatikan aspek teoritis dan praktisi. Metode digunakan diskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil temuan proses rehab rekon sudah mencapai 96% dari jumlah 226,204 unit, 4% dalam proses pembangunan dan tidak tersentuh berada wilayah lombok utara. Ketepatan waktu tidak sesuai rencana, harusnya percepatan rehab-rekon perumahan rakyat menjadi kebutuhan dasar yang harus di prioritaskan untuk menstabilkan kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat, sebagai pusat rekonstruksi masyarakat, yang perlu diintegrasikan dengan sektor-sektor lain, terutama pemulihan ekonomi dan sosial.. Selain itu ketersedian anggaran memadai namun memiliki keterbatasan waktu selama 6 bulan setelah pencairan mengakibatkan pada ketidakoptimalan implementor dalam melaksanakan rehab-rekontruksi rumah rakyat di NTB.
Peran Kepemimpinan Camat Dalam Menciptakan Disiplin Kerja Pegawai (Studi Pada Kantor Camat Wawotobi Kabupaten Konawe)
Authors: Rama Irfan
Published: December 2020

Peran Kepemimpinan Camat Dalam Menciptakan Disiplin Kerja Pegawai (Studi Pada Kantor Camat Wawotobi Kabupaten Konawe).Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah peran Kepemimpinan Camat dalam Menciptakan Disiplin Kerja Pegawai pada Kantor Camat Wawotobi dan untuk mengetahui Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Disiplin kerja Pegawai pada Kantor Camat Wawotobi Kabupaten Konawe. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kepemimpinan dalam menciptakan disipilin kerja pegawai dan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi disiplin pegawai pada Kantor Camat Wawotobi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Deskriptif Kualitatif yaitu dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 6 (enam) orang, dan Informan Kuncinya adalah Sekretaris Camat. Dari hasil penelitian di peroleh kesimpulan bahwa peran kepemimpinan dalam suatu organisasi sangatlah penting, sebab akan menentukan tinggi rendahnya disiplin kerja pegawai dalam melaksanakan tugas pokok dan fungsinya guna tercapainya arah dan tujuan perkembangan dalam suatu organisasi. Selain itu pula Peran Kepemimpinan Camat dalam Menciptakan Disiplin Kerja Pegawai di pengaruhi oleh faktor yaitu faktor pendukung meliputi tersedianya perangkat Aturan PP. Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang peraturan Disiplin Aparatur Sipil Negara, dan peraturan Bupati Konawe Nomor 12 tahun 2011 tentang Tugas Pokok dan Fungsi Pemerintahan Kecamatan. Peraturan Bupati tersebut digunakan sebagai acuan oleh pemerintah Kecamatan Wawotobi Kabupaten Konawe.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa
Authors: Setiyadi Muhammad Wahyu
Published: December 2020

Abstract:  this research aims to improve motivation and student learning outcomes in applying Problem Based Learning model. This research is a classroom action research conducted in twi cycle.the subjects of the research was the X-Mia 2 MAN 1 Bima in the academic year of 2018/2019. The research data obtained through observation and test. The result showed an increased by 7,95%, from 73,73 inthe first cycle and 81,78 in the second cycle. Learning outcomes classiical completeness increaseby 64,29% of  classical completeness 17,86% in the first cycle and  82,29% in the second cycle. This result indicate problem based learning model can improve motivation and studen learning outcomes. Abstrak: penelitian ini bertujuan ituk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar biologi  siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas  (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Subyek penelitian  dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X-Mia 2 MAN 1 Bima tahun ajaran 2018/2019 data diperoleh melaui observasi dan tes. Hasil penelitian ini terjadi pengkatan motivasi belajar yaitu sebesar  7,95% dari 73,83% pada siklus I menjadi 81,78% pada siklus II. Hasil belajar ketuntasan klasikal meningkat sebesar 64,29% dimana pada siklus i ketintasan klasikan hanya sebesar 17,86% sedangkan pada siklus 2 terjadi peningkatan yaitu 82,29%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajatan problem based learning dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar biologi siswa
Influence of submaximal isometric contractions of the hamstrings on electromyography activity and force while functioning as hip extensors
Authors: Oh Dasom , Lim Wootaek
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

Although the medial and lateral hamstrings are clearly distinct anatomically and have different functions in the transverse plane, they are often considered as one muscle during rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE:

The purpose of the study was to compare the electromyographic (EMG) activity between the prone position and the supine position during maximal isometric contraction and to additionally confirm the effect of submaximal isometric contractions on EMG activity of medial and lateral hamstrings, and force.

METHODS:

In the prone position, EMG activities of the long head of biceps femoris (BFLH) and semitendinosus (ST) were measured during the maximal isometric contraction. In the supine position, hip extension force with EMG activity were measured during the maximal and the submaximal isometric contractions.

RESULTS:

EMG activity in the prone position was significantly decreased in the supine position. In the supine position, there was a significant difference between the BFLH and ST during the maximal isometric contraction, but not during the submaximal isometric contractions.

CONCLUSIONS:

The dependence on the hamstrings could be relatively lower during hip extensions. When the medial and lateral hamstrings are considered separately, the lateral hamstrings may show a more active response, with increased muscle length, in clinical practice.
Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of Using Dialogue for the Purpose of Organizing Productive Interaction of Subjects of the Educational Process
Authors:   Dragomanov National Pedagogical University, Kyiv,   Ukraine, Vyshkivska Vanda , Shykyrynska Oleksandra ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Vinnytsia,   Ukraine, Malinka Olena ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Vinnytsia,   Ukraine, Lobachuk Inna ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Vinnytsia,   Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article in the historical and philosophical, psychological and pedagogical aspects considers the current problem of improving pedagogical education - the use of dialogue in the implementation of effective interaction of the subjects of the educational process. It is emphasized that the modern pedagogical system is faced with objective processes of democratization in society, with the requirements of cultural development in terms of the scientific and technological progress, and is characterized by changing disciplinary and compulsory regulatory dominant of education to the dominant of cultural activity and creativity. Dialogue is analyzed as a form and method of organizing of the educational process that is based on the values of content and values of goal which are manifested in the problematic character, perception and mutual understanding at the interpersonal level. It is noted that the joint participation of the subjects of dialogue reveals its humanistic essence and gives multicolor, emotionality, spirituality to the relationship, gives the joy of their discovery of each other. Emphasis is placed on the psychological and pedagogical essence of discussion (a kind of dialogue that takes place in a mode of competent equality and involves the clash of the participants’ opinions in the course of strictly regulated negotiation of the problem) as the most cognitively effective form of dialogue.
STATE REGULATION OF THE SIZES OF SANITARY PROTECTION ZONES WHEN PLACING MODERN CAR FILLING STATIONS IN RESIDENTIAL TERRITORIES
Authors:   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Serdiuk A.M. , Makhniuk V.M. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Chernychenko I.O. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Lytvychenko O.M. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Mohylnyi S.M. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Harkavyi S.I. ,   BOGOMOLETS NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, Nazarenko V.I. ,   STATE INSTITUTION «YU.I. KUNDIIEV INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE, NAMSU», Laptev V.E. ,   STATE ECOLOGICAL ACADEMY OF POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF ECOLOGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES OF UKRAINE
Published: December 2020

The work is devoted to the study of hygienic aspects of automobile filling station location in rural areas in modern conditions in order to minimize the negative impact of AFS on health and living conditions of the population. A theoretical generalization of the world experience of gas station design and operation was made. New data on the current ecological and hygienic state of design (location) of modern gas stations in Ukraine and their impact on the environment, health and living conditions of the population. Based on the materials of the work, the hygienic criteria for placing gas stations and their classification have been improved. Classification conditions for the definition of sanitary protection zones for gas stations of different capacity have been developed, which allowed to improve the legal and information-methodological base on hygiene planning and development of settlements in the design of gas stations of different types and capacities and develop a new SPZ standard for gas stations and filling stations. On the basis of the conducted researches the differentiated approach is offered and the procedure of the decision of questions concerning placement of gas stations in the territory of settlements is developed.
USE OF RISK ASSESSMENT IN CONDUCTING STATE SANITARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION TO JUSTIFY THE SIZES OF SANITARY PROTECTION
Authors:   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Turos O. , Petrosian A. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Maremukha T. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Kobzarenko I. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Morhulova V. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU
Published: December 2020

Objective. Justify need to use the methodology of human health risk assessment to determine the size of sanitary protection zones for industrial enterprises (especially, I-II hazard classes). Materials and methods: sanitary protection zone of an industrial enterprise; mathematical modelling of air pollution; physical and chemical analysis methods of pollutants; human health risk assessment; cartographic methods using geographic information systems (GIS; ArcGis 10.0) and Earth remote sensing data (remote sensing; space images). Results. Improved understanding effectiveness of the human health risk assessment (HHRA) methodology used during the state sanitary and epidemiological examination of materials on the substantiation of the sanitary protection zones size for industrial enterprises. The human health risk has been assessed and the effectiveness of the developed and implemented management decisions on health and environmental issues has been demonstrated. The risk was reduced by almost 30 times compared to 2009 after environmental conservation measures (non-carcinogenic risk of chronic inhalation in 2009 for manganese and its compounds was HQ=15.3÷41.0; in 2012, HQ=1.1÷1.5). Priority and assessment of the contribution of individual emission sources (in %) to the total air pollution was additionally conducted and further phased implementation of environmental measures is recommended. This allowed to reduce the risk to the limit (allowable) indicators. Conclusions. Scientifically substantiated the need to study the patterns of distribution of potentially dangerous chemicals in the natural atmosphere and analyze the level of their concentration in the enterprise operation area (radius 40 heights of the largest pipe, m) at different distances in all directions of the world by rhumbs, taking into account territorial features (characteristics of land use, topographic and meteorological data) location of industrial facilities and residential areas. The necessity of HHRA implementation accelerating within the framework of arbitrary procedures through the support of cooperation in management decisions in the development and improvement of environmental and hygienic measures to reduce air pollution has been implemented.
CHANGES IN INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF FIVE-YEAR CHILDREN OF KYIV CITY IN DYNAMIC 1912–2019
Authors:   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Polka N.S. , Platonova A.G. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Yatskovska N.Y. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Zhebelenko M.G. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Shkarban K.S. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Zіnoveva T.U. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU
Published: December 2020

Objective: on the basis of dynamic observations to assess changes in the physical development of preschool children in Kyiv, and to develop standardized indicators. Research methods: hygienic, physiological, anthropometric, statistical. Object of study - preschool children in Kyiv, both sexes, aged 5 years; indicators of physical development, scientific literature. In order to assess the dynamics of the physical development of preschool children, to develop standardized indicators, using anthropometric, physiological and hygienic research methods, we studied the morphological and functional indicators of physical development of 278 modern preschoolers in Kyiv. Results: it is proved that modern children of 5 years of age in comparison with their peers in 1912, 1962 and 2005 have a narrower chest, ie more prone to asthenic body structure, which is especially pronounced among girls. It is also impossible to exclude the beginning of the slowing down of acceleration processes in both sex and age groups, and given the data of physical development of girls, even in the future the tendency to stagnation of physical development. Thus, there is a sexual differentiation of the growth processes of children of five years of age, as evidenced by significant differences in the morphological, functional and anthropometric characteristics of preschoolers, but different rates of their physical development are noted.
Kajian Eksperimental Pengaruh Penggantian Sebagian Semen Dengan Limbah Las Karbit Pada Mortar
Authors: Aninda Dita , Wulansari Putri Achir , A Muhammad Fajar , Kusumastuti Dianita Ratna , Triwardaya Triwardaya
Published: December 2020

The Development of residential facilities will affect the increase in needs of building materials.. Cement is one of the building materials whose raw materials come from nature. Availability of natural resources will affect the production of cement. Carbide welding waste is the remainder of the carbide reaction to water which produces acyetilene gas where 60% of the waste contains Calcium Oxide (CaO) which is the main constituent of cement. This study aims to analyze the effect of partial replacement of cement with carbide weld waste on mortar compressive strength. The study was conducted by making a mortar cube with dimensions of 5 cm x 5 cm x 5 cm with mixed proportions of 1PC: 3PS. Variation of partial replacement of cement with carbide welding waste used as much as 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The results showed that the mortar compressive strength without carbide welding waste was used as the control variable, amounting to 329.33 kg/cm2. Mortar compressive strength with the proportion of partial replacement of cement with carbide welding waste 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% respectively are 286.38 kg/cm2, 243.42 kg/cm2, 200.47 kg/cm2, and 157.51 kg/cm2. based on pengijuan results indicate that the mortar is included in type M at a proportion of a maximum of 15% with a compressive strength of 200.47 kg/cm2 according to the minimum requirements of 175 kg/cm2.
PENILAIAN KERUSAKAN DAN KERUGIAN INFRASTRUKTUR PUBLIK AKIBAT DAMPAK BENCANA BANJIR DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Wismana Putra Ilham Sahid , Hermawan Ferry , Dwi Hatmoko Jati Utomo
Published: December 2020

Flood is a disaster that has the biggest threat, in terms of the number of victims or losses. Semarang City is a city that is classified as a flood prone area, this is due to the geographical location in the lowlands and highlands. The impact of the flood disaster caused damage and losses from various sectors of public infrastructure including the education service sector and health services. Damage and loss of public infrastructure will burden the government in the post-flood recovery phase. An assessment of infrastructure damage and losses from flooding is needed in order to help the Semarang City Government prepare a budget plan and manage rehabilitation and reconstruction. The purpose of this research is to explore the loss of public infrastructure due to the impact of the flood disaster, so that it can accelerate the post-disaster recovery process and management strategies for the risk of further flood disasters. The valuation method used is ECLAC (Economic Commission for Latin American and the Caribbean) Method. This method can identify damage and estimate the losses caused by floods. The results of this study are that each public infrastructure building has a different level of damage and loss and the budget allocation for disaster management each year is still inadequate. A risk transfer strategy is needed with an insurance financing scheme based on the level of risk in each infrastructure building.
Geotourism Potential Of Phu Quy Island, Binh Thuan Province
Authors: Thi Phuong Chi Hoang , Quang Hai Ha , Thi Que Nam Nguyen
Published: December 2020

Phu Quy island – Binh Thuan province, is 120 km southeast of Phan Thiet city, where the long – lasting destruction of waves, wind, and rain into oceanic volcanic materials formed four significant geomorphological heritages. These geomorphosites have scientific and additional values (cultural, aesthetic, and ecological values), of which mountain Cao Cat cinder cones deserves to be a South Central Coast geomorphosite; while mountain Cam volcano, Hang Cliff – Nho beach erosion coast and Tranh volcanic islet are proposed at a local level. The impressive cliffs exposed layers of coarse and steeply sloping sediments caused by blasting; erosion coastal terrain such as cliffs, rocky headlands, stacks, arch, islets, etc. all shapes and colors associated with landmarks such as Mong Tay tack, Gam inlet, Ban inlet, Xuong Ca headland, Phat inlet, Dried Squid pond, Den islet, Giua islet, Do islet... are outstanding scientific values. Furthermore, Sa Huynh cultural relics (2,500 – 3,000 years ago) discovered in mountain Cao Cat; Linh Son, and Linh Buu ancient pagodas; Phu Quy landscape viewpoints from mountain Cam Lighthouse or colorful coral reefs on Tranh islet... are additional values that increase the worth of Phu Quy island's geomorphosites. Interpreting the scientific and additional values of these geomorphosite with images, books, geometrically similar models, etc. would promote the geotourism – a niche of the sustainable tourism market that is developed along with Global Geoparks recognized by UNESCO.
Digital educational environment PiktoMir: Experience of development and mass implementation of an annual programming course for preschoolers
Authors: Besshaposhnikov N. O. , Kushnirenko A. G. , Leonov A. G. , Raiko M. V. , Sobakinskikh O. V.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the result of work on the creation and implementation of the annual course “Algorithmics for Preschool Children”, which, under the guidance of Academician V. B. Betelin for six years led the Department of Educational Informatics of the SRISA RAS together with the Department of Education of the Administration of the city of Surgut (Western Siberia). Since September 2018, the course has been held in all preparatory groups of all kindergartens in Surgut — more than 6,000 children annually. The educational and methodological kit for the course, including the digital educational environment PiktoMir, is freely distributed and can be downloaded from the SRISA RAS website for use for any purpose, including commercial. The course “Algorithmics for preschoolers” discussed in the article is the first part of the long-term course “The basics of programming for preschoolers and junior schoolchildren” being developed. The course uses a textless programming technique. The child composes a program from pictograms with robot commands, singleletter names of subroutines and pictograms of control structures. At the initial stage of training, a screenless technology for compiling a program from material objects is used. The proposed technology favorably differs from analogues in the world in that when working with PiktoMir, a program in the material world can be composed of material objects freely movable by a child: cards, cubes with printed or hand-drawn command pictograms. Information about each command of the program is extracted exclusively from the image perceived by the child, and not from any machine-readable graphic codes or electrical codes hardwired into the material carrier of the pictogram. The child “photographs” pictograms with his tablet, on which they are recognized using neural networks by a special PiktoMir module.
Agile methodology in the educational and methodological activity of university
Authors: Kurbesov A. V. , Miroshnichenko I. I. , Shcherbakov S. M.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the use of the Agile methodology in providing educational and methodological activities at university. The article presents the current results of the study carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) in the framework of the research project No. 19-013-00690 “Economics of educational and methodological activities in high school”. The article proposes the requirements that can be applied to the use of the Agile methodology in providing educational and methodological activities of the University. The possibility and expediency of using this methodology for the successful implementation of these processes has been substantiated. The principles and tools of Agile in adaptation to the educational process of the university are presented. The components of the proposed approach are considered, in particular: the basic principles of the Agile methodology and the possibility of their application in educational and methodological activities; the compatibility of Agile with the existing system of educational and methodological support; areas where Agile technologies and principles can be adapted immediately and without significant problems. The problems on the way of introducing flexible methodologies into the educational and methodological activities of the university are indicated.
Eine vergleichende Studie zu didaktischen Elementen in der deutschen Kinder- und Jugendliteratur: “Savruk Peter - Der Struwwelpeter ” und “ Nur Mut, Kurt! - Cesur ol Korkut!”
Authors: KOÇAK Hüsniye , YILMAZ Onur
Published: December 2020

Farklı kültürlerin bir arada eğitim gördüğü bir ülke olan Almanya’da iki dilli eserler orada yaşayan farklı kültürden gelen çocuk ve gençlerin eğitiminde önemlidir. Çocuk ve Gençlik Edebiyatı`nın didaktik bir işlevi vardır. Toplumlar yeniden inşa edilirken birey eğitiminin de değişmesi kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Çocuk ve gençlik kitapları bu kişilerin eğitimi için başlangıç eserleri olmuştur. Çocuklar meraklıdır ve çevrelerini keşfetmek isterler. Bir çocuk kendi çevresi ve kitapları aracılığıyla değerleri öğrenir. Her yaş için, gelişimin her aşaması için, her durum için karşılık gelen edebiyatlar vardır. Yaşanılan hayat ile ilgili fikirler, değerler, farklı deneyimler yaşandıkça değişir veya kalıcı hale gelir. Bu çalışmada Türkçe ve Almanca olarak iki dilli olarak kaleme alınmış Heinrich Hoffmann’ın “Savruk Peter - Der Struwwelpeter” ve Jessica Störmer’in “Nur Mut, Kurt! - Cesur ol Korkut” eserleri incelenmiştir. Eser karşılaştırmasında eserlerin ilkokul çocuklarına uygunluğu, kitabın görsel tasarımı, içerisindeki kültürel ögeler ve imgeler dikkate alınmıştır. Çocuklara verilen değerler eğitiminin yöntemi olarak korku ve merak gibi farklı duyguların kullanıldığı ve dönem içerisinde nasıl değişiklik gösterdiği vurgulanmıştır. Ayrıca eserlerin iki dilli olması Alman toplumu içerisinde yaşayan Türk kökenli çocukların hedef kitle olması bakımından da önemlidir. Çalışmada, çocukların değerleri kavramaları için nelerin yapılması gerektiği eserler üzerinden incelenmiştir. Eserlerde örnek davranışlar ve sonuçlar yer almaktadır. Sonuç olarak çalışmada çocukların gelişim döneminde dış dünyayı tanımalarının ve algılamalarının edebi eserler aracılığı ile nasıl şekillendirilebildiği ve çocuklar ile gençlerin bu sürece ne şekilde ihtiyaç duyduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Didaktik bir bakış açısından, her iki eser de değerler eğitimi açısından öğreticidir. Störmer'in eseri çocuklara “cesaret” kavramını, Hoffmann'ın eseri ise “iyi” kavramını aktarmaktadır.
Análise do Controle de Qualidade das Biópsias e Produtos de Cirurgia de Alta Frequência no Programa de Prevenção do Câncer do Colo do Útero do Estado do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Collaço Luiz Martins , Wendling Larissa Uhlmann , Noronha Lucia de , Totsugui Joel , Sebastião Ana Paula Martins , Araújo Samuel Regis , Hass Avelino
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O seguimento e o tratamento adequados das lesões neoplásicas e pré-neoplásicas do colo do útero dependem do diagnostico histopatológico correto. A instauração de mecanismos de controle de qualidade para esse tipo de procedimento diagnóstico é fundamental para garantir precisão aos exames. Objetivo: Comparar o diagnóstico inicial de biópsias e peças cirúrgicas removidas por cirurgia de alta frequência, fornecido por um laboratório da rede de serviço, com o diagnóstico revisado pela unidade de monitoramento de qualidade da Associação Paranaense de Patologia, identificando quais as discrepâncias mais prevalentes. Método: Estudo transversal observacional com revisão do banco de dados da unidade de Controle de Qualidade referente ao ano de 2010 para avaliar o percentual de concordância geral, para cada laboratório e as discrepâncias diagnósticas mais comuns em produtos de biópsias e cirurgias de alta frequência do colo uterino. A concordância foi avaliada através do índice Kappa. Resultados: A compatibilidade entre o diagnóstico inicial e do controle de qualidade foi de 98,6%, variando por laboratório entre 92,9% e 100%. As discrepâncias diagnósticas encontradas foram entre lesão intraepitelial de baixo grau e cervicite (36,3%) e lesão intraepitelial de baixo grau e lesão intraepitelial de alto grau (27,3%). Para todas as categorias diagnósticas estudadas, foi encontrado índice Kappa de 0,99. Conclusão: As discrepâncias diagnósticas mais comuns foram entre lesão intraepitelial de baixo grau e diagnóstico de lesões benignas (supradiagnóstico) e entre lesão intraepitelial de baixo grau e lesão intraepitelial de alto grau (subdiagnóstico). As taxas de concordância encontradas são consideradas excelentes.
Las reglas de coordinación fiscal internacional en el marco de la economía digital: los Pilares I y II de la OCDE y el cambio de paradigma fiscal
Authors: Serrano Antón Fernando
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se analizan los Pilares I y II de la OCDE y se examina si pueden ser soluciones a los retos fiscales que plantea la digitalización de la economía. Estas iniciativas de la OCDE traen consigo ciertas tensiones en los principios tradicionales de la tributación y encaran la asunción de nuevos principios tributarios. Comprobaremos que se trata de una propuesta de una alta complejidad, lo que conduce a una evidente falta de seguridad jurídica tanto en la adopción de las distintas medidas, como en su aplicación por las Administraciones tributarias
LEGALIZAÇÃO DE DROGAS
Authors: Almeida Galvão Cauê
Published: December 2020

Esse artigo propõe um debate sobre os direitos humanos ao compreender o processo de legalização e regulamentação das drogas como uma atitude socialmente responsável dentro de  uma necessidade histórico-estrutural de remodelar os processos de entendimento sobre as relações com as drogas, vinculadas diretamente à pobreza, à negritude e à violência. Objetiva  ampliar o crescente debate sobre questões antiproibicionistas e compreender o processo de descriminalização dos sujeitos via política antiproibicionista. Trata-se de um excerto de estudo descritivo e qualitativo, com abordagem analítica, à luz da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD) direcionada ao proibicionismo de drogas na América Latina. Urge, nessa perspectiva, além de legalizar e regulamentar as drogas consideradas ilegais, que se constitua uma campanha massiva de educação de direitos humanos em diversas esferas sobre as drogas, bem como mudanças na formação educacional dos agentes policiais, estimulando abordagens equalitárias de pessoas, independente do status social, etnia ou condição de moradia. Observou-se que a política antidrogas não tem a droga como seu principal interesse de combate, e sim as populações pobres e não-brancas. Deste modo, a luta contra o preconceito social e racial são essenciais no processo de reconstrução e recodificação da nossa história, nossas culturas e nossas cosmovisões.
Improving the Formation of the Kazakhstan National Drug Formulary to Increase the Rational Use of Medicines
Authors:   Head of the Center for Rational Use of Medicines Republican Centre for Health Development,, Zhussupova Gulzira
Published: December 2020

Kazakhstan national drug formulary form is defined as - a list of medicines with proven clinical safety and efficacy, as well as orphan (rare) drugs, which is a mandatory basis for the development of medicinal formularies of medical organizations and formation of lists of procurement of medicines within the guaranteed volume of free medical care and in the system of compulsory social health insurance in the Code “On public health and health care system”. Health research data show that in 18% of cases, non-KNF drugs were prescribed in Nur-Sultan medical organizations, 86% of healthcare organizations did not analyze rational use of financial costs for medicines and analyzes of drug consumption, 90% of medicines are assigned by trade name. At the same time, polypharmacy, excessive prescription of antibiotics and injection drugs are noted. The lack of a systematic understanding of the role of CNF in the rational use of drugs reduces the effectiveness of the measures taken. The value of the Kazakhstan National Drug Formulary for the health care of the Republic of Kazakhstan is enormous, for example, for clinicians it is a public resource for doctors and serves as a reference book on medicines and pharmacotherapy based on evidence-based medicine, as well as a guide to integrate Kazakhstan's usual clinical practice into international best practice, in addition to educational a guide providing continuing education in clinical pharmacology and a restrictive list of drugs recommended for routine use in routine clinical practice. For the population, it plays the role of a guideline in the provision of medicines within the guaranteed volume of medical care and in the system of compulsory social health insurance, as well as guidance on involving civil society in the process of monitoring the rational use of medicines. This policy brief shows three policy options and visions for implementing policy options. At the same time, the existing legislative framework of Kazakhstan has all the necessary conditions to support the implementation of the proposed policy options, however, the main barriers to the implementation of policy options may be a lack of human resources, unethical promotion of medicines on the market, lack of support from the authorized body in the field of health, and there is also a lack of understanding by medical workers and the public of the role of the Kazakhstan national formulary in the rational use of medicines
Zoocentrismo didático: Análise quantitativa de gravuras em livros didáticos brasileiros de Biologia do Ensino Médio
Authors: De Azevedo Hugo José Coelho Corrêa , De Melo Eric Vinaud , Sá Natália de Paula , Ferreira Cristiane Pereira , De Meirelles Rosane Moreira Silva
Published: December 2020

O zoocentrismo se tornou uma forte corrente filosófica e ideológica nos séculos XX e XXI, denotando questões acerca do bem-estar animal e políticas sobre os mesmos. Contudo, o zoocentrismo didático se caracteriza por uma predileção e massificação das representações animais no ensino, negligenciando as demais formas de vida e seus componentes abióticos. Sendo os dados, até o momento, inferidos por pesquisas estadunidenses, esta pesquisa objetivou realizar um levantamento quantitativo das imagens com representações animais em todas as coleções dos livros aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático no triênio de 2018-2020 para o ensino médio regular. Os dados coletados apresentaram um espectro percentual entre 44% e 59% de figuração animal nas coleções utilizadas neste estudo, sugerind demasia acerca destas representações. Além disso, 7 das 10 coleções mostraram uma taxa acima de 50%, sugerindo uma tendência zoocêntrica nos livros didáticos brasileiros. Conclui-se assim, que o Ensino em Biociências brasileiro no que tange aos livros didáticos para o Ensino Médio,  estão inseridos em uma possível  tendência e contexto zoocêntrico dado o alto percentual de figuração animal presente, podendo ser nocivo para a construção de uma visão holística e crítica acerca da biodiversidade nacional dos demais seres vivos  e compreensão dos mesmos enquanto pertencentes à biosfera.
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF COMPILATION OF LAND MANAGEMENT DOCUMENTATION FOR LAND ALLOCATION
Authors: Nesterenko S. , Radzinska Y. , Afanasyev O. , Kondratyuk I.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to study the existing approaches to the development of land management documentation and the development of methodological aspects of compiling land management documentation for land allocation. The paper analyzes modern approaches to the preparation of land management documentation for land allocation in Ukraine. The directions and schemes of formation of land management documentation on land allocation taking into account previous experience are determined. The presented differences in the methods of developing such projects complicate the implementation of the tasks. The difficulty arises due to the lack of a procedure for the development of land management projects for the allocation of land, the obsolescence of norms, standards and rules, the contradiction between some regulations. The current regulations on land allocation and the formation of land management schemes are analyzed. Methodical recommendations for compiling land management documentation for land allocation, taking into account modern standards and requirements, regulatory and technical regulations, etc. have been developed.
The project of establishment (change) of borders of administrative-territorial formations is developed in cases of creation of new, association, distribution, accession, increase or decrease in the area of existing administrative-territorial formations.
Currently, the process of creating new, unifying, distributing administrative-territorial entities takes place mainly at the level or within the administrative districts, within which the boundaries of village (settlement) councils and settlements are created or changed.
The territory of each administrative-territorial entity has its own boundaries - conditional lines that separate it from other territories. They are established and changed on the basis of land management projects developed by state and other land management organizations in accordance with the feasibility studies of their development, master plans of settlements.
The provisions developed in the article will increase the efficiency of land use through the proposed more effective scheme for the formation of accounting and reporting digital documentation.
FORMATION METHODS OF PUBLIC SPACE DURING THE AIRPORT RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Pavlenko T. , Ivasenko V. , Koval I.
Published: December 2020

The paper considers the basic concepts in the reconstruction of airports and the public space formation.

Certain terminology makes it clear that the concept of "civil space" as part of public space is formed in the open space structure. A special distinguishing criterion is charge free - the right to spend free time on a free basis to citizens and city guests.

The peculiarities of the civil space formation as a component of public space in the city structure are revealed.

The method of forming civil space during the airport reconstruction on the example of the Vovchansk city, Kharkiv region, is determined and worked out.

The methods of civil space forming during airport reconstruction are carried out in stages: maximum collection of initial data, identification of problems and the main development vector, qualitative analysis of factors influencing the study object, determining the profitability of airport reconstruction, quantifying methods of reconstruction and forming a direct design solution based on the results.

The first and second stages involve the initial data collection on the district planning and urban development prospects. Also, at this stage the main purposes and tasks of reconstruction are set, the type of functional filling of the airport is chosen. At this stage, the urban situation, infrastructure, socio-economic indicators and environmental aspects of the problem of the reconstructed area are analyzed.

At the third stage, the site is analyzed, the topogeological features of the airport are studied, the main characteristics of the building planned for design and construction are determined.

The fourth stage involves economic verification of the previous stages results.

The fifth stage involves the methods selection for the direct reconstruction of the airport environment for construction.

In the sixth stage, the typological direction of the construction object is finally chosen and a project is developed that takes into account the principles and research and creates conditions for their implementation through certain techniques and measures.
ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION AS A NEW STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Popova O. , Malik N.
Published: December 2020

The article considers the peculiarities of improvement and principles of the strategy of architectural education and the training peculiarities of modern specialists-architects for a new social order to improve the quality of professional activity. The need to improve the quality of architectural education and training of specialists is described. Implementation of programs of environmental ecological protection, rational using of natural resources,

formation of a full-fledged human living environment by means of garden and park architecture, preservation of the natural environment in the city and creation of anthropogenic landscapes is a professional task of architects. New forms of creative activity are ahead of the theory and methodology of architectural design, which include everything new in technical and cultural progress.

Digital technologies have penetrated into all spheres of human activity and today it is impossible to imagine modern architecture without their use. The introduction of digital technologies in the educational process in higher education in the training of future architects has become a matter of time. Computer and information technology are only a tool, but not a universal tool that can replace all areas of educational activity in the field of higher architectural education. The potential and creative capabilities of modern information technology in the training of future architects is not fully used, which shifts the emphasis of vocational education towards technocratization to the detriment of the creative, artistic component.

Architecture is both art, and engineering, and construction. Digital systems are no longer only amplifiers of the speed of human action, not only new means of analysis, formation and perception, but also integral components of design, which is understood as creative activity. A special place in the training of an architect is occupied by creative design. Science and the broad humanity education are becoming a breeding ground for architectural creativity. This determines the tasks of training and education of the architect. The organization of architectural education as a holistic system of architect’s activities must take into account the fundamental changes that under the influence of social development and scientific and technical, economic and social forecasts occur in the activities of the architect. Ideological and social views of the architect, his spatial, constructive and aesthetic ideas are expressed in the artistic form and stylistic nature of the architectural work. Architectural and artistic image of architecture is invariably formed from the worldview; current issues of the time, from ideas about what should be an artificial space and what requirements it must meet.
‘ Desinformación’ en la era de la información
Authors: Ramírez Juan Soto
Published: December 2020

La gran paradoja de nuestros tiempos es que, viviendo en la llamada ‘era de lainformación’, entre las personas pueda haber mucha desinformación. Las relaciones tecnología-sociedad plantean desafíos a los sistemas educativos pues sus contenidos, poco o nada tienen que ver con lo que está ocurriendo en el ‘mundo real’. En este texto se discute la ‘desinformación’ recurriendo a diversas estadísticas sobre hábitos de lectura, desempeño educativo, conexión a internet, etc. Y también se presentan algunos resultados de un cuestionario aplicado a 296 estudiantes de dos universidades públicas en México: UNAM y UAM-Iztapalapa.
Cidadania e criança
Authors: Belintane Claudemir
Published: December 2020

O conceito de cidadania se aplica à criança do mesmo modo que se aplicaao mundo adulto? O que é cidadania para uma criança? Quais são seus direitos de cidadão? Ler textos de seu universo imediato de letramento é avançar na cidadania? Desde os gregos que o conceito de cidadania faz-se valer em sua justeza, mas sempre deixando as marcas de seus complexos contornos. Cidadão!? Quem? Eu? Você? O banqueiro? O político corrupto? O escravo? O explorado? Um cidadão pode fazer ecoar seu “ão” ou contentar-se com seu “inho”. Como educadores, nossas perguntas precisam retomar essas marcas em uma das faixas etárias mais desprotegidas: E a criança?! Como uma criança pode ser cidadã? O que para ela seria cidadania? Teria algo a ver com esse “dada” que faz essa palavra lembrar infância?Citizenship and children
As escolas de referência em ensino médio de Pernambuco e a condição docente
Authors: Gomes Danyella Jakelyne Lucas , Abranches Ana De Fátima Pereira de Sousa
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta um recorte dos resultados da pesquisa do curso de Mestrado que contempla as investigações em torno da temática da Educação Integral no Ensino Médio na rede estadual de Pernambuco e tem por objetivo analisar o Programa de Educação Integral de Pernambuco (PEI) que visa o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas direcionadas à melhoria da qualidade do ensino médio, tendo o professor no centro do processo pedagógico como um dos atores que contribuem efetivamente para a implementação da política nas Escolas de Referência em Ensino Médio – EREMs. Para tal, foram analisados os documentos referentes ao PEI e os que fundamentam a concepção do trabalho docente no Programa de Educação Integral e no interior das Escolas de Referência, bem como as formas e os critérios de acesso dos docentes no referido programa. Os resultados apontam que a implantação das Escolas de Referência do Ensino Médio em Pernambuco, implicou em discrepâncias no que diz respeito, sobretudo, ao atendimento e a garantia da permanência dos estudantes no programa/escolas bem como às condições do trabalho docente.