bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF LIFE SATISFACTION FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: CASE OF BRICS-T
Authors: DURMUŞ Hasan , YILDIRIM Hakan
Published: January 2023

Governments want to provide a better life for their citizens all over the world. It is common thinking that people living in a country with a higher GDP, have a higher life satisfaction level. Richard Easterlin firstly challenged this idea, supporting that increases after a certain point in GDP are meaningless for people in developed countries. There are many studies that both support and criticize this idea, called “Easterlin Paradox”. This study aims to examine Easterlin Paradox in developing countries and determine the economic determinants of life satisfaction. BRICS-T countries namely Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and Turkey are selected as proxies for emerging economies. GDP per capita, inflation and unemployment are used as variables. Study results show that GDP has still an important role in life satisfaction in developing countries. However, it is not the only determinant to specify. Our empirical model shows that GDP and inflation have a positive effect on life satisfaction whereas unemployment has a negative effect. Since developing countries have different characteristics from developed countries, it can be said that Easterlin paradox is not so valid. According to study results, governments of developing countries should try to increase GDP while decreasing unemployment.
Translational implications of bradyarrhythmia in hibernating brown bears
Authors: Gottlieb Lisa A. , Evans Alina L. , Fuchs Boris , Fröbert Ole , Björkenheim Anna
Published: January 2023

The brown bear Ursus arctos undergoes exceptional physiological adaptions during annual hibernation that minimize energy consumption, including profound decrease in heart rate, cardiac output, and respiratory rate. These changes are completely reversible after the bears reenter into the active state in spring. In this case report, we show episodes of sinus arrest in a hibernating Scandinavian brown bear and in humans, recorded by implantable loop recorders and discuss the possible underlying mechanisms. Lessons learned from cardiac adaptations in hibernating bears might prove useful in the treatment of patients with sinus node dysfunction.
Redistricting for Proportionality
Authors: Duchin Moon , Schoenbach Gabe
Published: January 2023

American democracy is currently heavily reliant on plurality in single-member districts, or PSMD, as a system of election. But public perceptions of fairness are often keyed to partisan proportionality, or the degree of congruence between each party’s share of the vote and its share of representation. PSMD has not tended to secure proportional outcomes historically, partially due to gerrymandering, where line-drawers intentionally extract more advantage for their side. But it is now increasingly clear that even blind PSMD is frequently disproportional, and in unpredictable ways that depend on local political geography. In this paper we consider whether it is feasible to bring PSMD into alignment with a proportionality norm by targeting proportional outcomes in the design and selection of districts. We do this mainly through a close examination of the “Freedom to Vote Test,” a redistricting reform proposed in draft legislation in 2021. We find that applying the test with a proportionality target makes for sound policy: it performs well in legal battleground states and has a workable exception to handle edge cases where proportionality is out of reach.
Pediatric growth hormone and prolactin-secreting tumor associated with an AIP mutation and a MEN1 variant of uncertain significance
Authors: Alexandre Maria Inês , Faria Claudia C. , Gomes Ana , Bugalho Maria João
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Pituitary gigantism is a rare condition and it often has an identifiable genetic cause. In this article we report a case of a young girl with pituitary gigantism and two genetic changes.

Case presentation

A 15-year-old girl with primary amenorrhea was diagnosed with a growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL)-producing tumor, needing surgery and medical treatment with octreotide in order to achieve disease control. The co-occurrence of an AIP mutation and a MEN1 variant of uncertain significance was demonstrated in this patient. The germline mutation involving AIP was inherited from her father who at the age of 55 was unaffected and the MEN1 variant was a de novo duplication of the region 11q13.1. The latter variant, not previously reported, is unlikely to be pathogenic. Nonetheless, screening for other components of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) was performed and proved negative.

Conclusions

The rare co-occurrence of an AIP mutation and a MEN 1 variant of uncertain significance was demonstrated in this patient.
Place typology and evolution of implosives in Indo-Aryan languages
Authors: Hussain Qandeel , Mielke Jeff
Published: January 2023

It is widely known that implosives are prevalent in African languages. While Sindhi is considered a textbook example of implosives in Indo-Aryan, the exact distribution of implosives, their development, and place typology are still poorly understood. The present study investigates the typology and evolution of implosives in Indo-Aryan languages and shows that the relationship between implosion and place of articulation in these languages is different from what is seen in global studies. We argue that the relatively high frequency of retroflex implosives in Indo-Aryan languages is due to the high frequency of retroflexes in those languages in general. The findings also indicate that South Asia is another hotspot where languages possess typologically-overloaded inventories of implosives at bilabial, dental-alveolar, retroflex, palatal, and/or velar places of articulation. The aerodynamic constraints and articulatory similarities between implosives and voiced geminates indicate a plausible sound change which led to the evolution of implosives in Indo-Aryan languages.
Salivary and serum neopterin and interleukin 6 as biomarkers in patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Saskova Lenka , Tvrdy Peter , Melichar Bohuslav , Pink Richard , Kral David , Michl Petr , Dvorak Zdenek
Published: January 2023

Because of an increasing incidence of malignant tumours of the head and neck there is an unmet medical need for early diagnosis of the primary disease or precancerous lesions, and timely detection of recurrence by simple non-invasive tests. The analysis of biomarkers in body fluids may be appropriate for this goal. In this review, we compare the data on utilization of neopterin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) measurements in saliva and plasma/serum of patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, indicating the suitability of using saliva as a diagnostic matrix in head and neck cancers on behalf of close anatomical proximity and a potential to study the tumour microenvironment. Salivary neopterin and IL-6 are potential biomarkers of head and neck cancer suitable not only for early diagnosis, but also for monitoring of treatment results and detection of the disease recurrence.
The Sed360 Test for Rapid Sand Particle Size Distribution Determination
Authors: Ventola Andrea , Hryciw Roman D.
Published: January 2023

Sed360 is a largely automated system for determining image-based particle size distributions (PSDs) of sands. A sedimented soil specimen contained in a 25.4-mm (1-in)-diameter circular acrylic tube sits atop a rotating stage. While the tube rotates, a camera captures an image of the specimen every 4° of rotation. Narrow vertical strips from each image are automatically stitched together to form a complete, unwrapped 360° view of the soil specimen. Image analysis based on a mathematical Haar wavelet transform generates the soil specimen’s PSD. Three sands were tested with the Sed360 and the image-based PSDs are compared to traditional sieving results. As in earlier studies, very good agreement was observed. The Sed360 affords the same benefits of the system’s predecessors (LabSed and FieldSed) over sieving but adds automatic image capture and stitching to create large 360° unwrapped cylinder images of the specimen that are better suited for PSD determination by image analysis. The Sed360 also paves the way for testing a larger range of particle sizes by SedImaging.
Analysis of Influencing Factors on the Conversion Efficiency of Laser-EMAT Ultrasound Detection with High-Temperature Carbon Steel Forgings
Authors: Tong Yanshan , Shi Wenze , Huang Liang , Lu Chao , Chen Guo , Shen Gongtian
Published: January 2023

A method to improve the conversion efficiency based on surface cooling technology was proposed to achieve a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of laser-electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) detection with high-temperature forgings. A finite element model of the laser-EMAT ultrasonic testing process operated with high-temperature forgings was established to study the effects of the laser source parameters and temperatures on laser-excited ultrasonic waves and their radiated acoustic field. The ratio of the magnetostriction and Lorentz force to the ultrasonic reception efficiency of the EMAT at different temperatures was analyzed and verified experimentally. The results indicate that the surface cooling technology can improve the energy conversion efficiency when the carbon steel temperature exceeds the Curie temperature. With the help of surface cooling technology, the SNR of the longitudinal wave increases by 26.5 dB at 766°C, and the SNR of the shear wave improves by 12.1 dB at 655°C.
Fatigue Behaviors of High-Strength Carburized Steel under Different Stress Ratios: Evaluation of Competitive Failure and Prediction of Very Long Life
Authors: Deng Hailong , Li Mingkai , Kang Heming , Li Yongping , Yu Huan
Published: January 2023

As a metal material with superior mechanical properties, high-strength carburized steel is of great value for the production and manufacture of components in various fields. In this work, based on axial loading tests at stress ratios of −1, 0, and 0.3, the fatigue behaviors of high-strength carburized steels from high cycle to very high cycle are systematically investigated. For defect-fine granular area (FGA)-fisheye induced failure exhibiting long fatigue life, it is verified that the transition sizes between small and long cracks can be approximately equivalent to FGA size. Combined with extreme value estimation, a new mathematical model based on Weibull distribution was proposed to describe the competition among different failure modes. The results show that the probability of interior failure will decrease significantly with the increase of the maximum surface defect size under the condition that the maximum stress exceeds about 900 MPa. Additionally, larger surface defects are more beneficial to the occurrence of surface failure. Finally, combined with the stress correction factor proposed for optimizing the data with large dispersion, the fatigue life is predicted based on the crack initiation and propagation behavior, and the prediction results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Convergent Energy State–Dependent Antagonistic Signaling by Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript (CART) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Modulates the Plasticity of Forebrain Neurons to Regulate Feeding in Zebrafish
Authors: Bodas Devika S. , Maduskar Aditi , Kaniganti Tarun , Wakhloo Debia , Balasubramanian Akilandeswari , Subhedar Nishikant , Ghose Aurnab
Published: January 2023

Dynamic reconfiguration of circuit function subserves the flexibility of innate behaviors tuned to physiological states. Internal energy stores adaptively regulate feeding-associated behaviors and integrate opposing hunger and satiety signals at the level of neural circuits. Across vertebrate lineages, the neuropeptides cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) have potent anorexic and orexic functions, respectively, and show energy-state-dependent expression in interoceptive neurons. However, how the antagonistic activities of these peptides modulate circuit plasticity remains unclear. Using behavioral, neuroanatomical, and activity analysis in adult zebrafish of both sexes, along with pharmacological interventions, we show that CART and NPY activities converge on a population of neurons in the dorsomedial telencephalon (Dm). Although CART facilitates glutamatergic neurotransmission at the Dm, NPY dampens the response to glutamate. In energy-rich states, CART enhances NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function by protein kinase A/protein kinase C (PKA/PKC)-mediated phosphorylation of the NR1 subunit of the NMDAR complex. Conversely, starvation triggers NPY-mediated reduction in phosphorylated NR1 via calcineurin activation and inhibition of cAMP production leading to reduced responsiveness to glutamate. Our data identify convergent integration of CART and NPY inputs by the Dm neurons to generate nutritional state-dependent circuit plasticity that is correlated with the behavioral switch induced by the opposing actions of satiety and hunger signals.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTInternal energy needs reconfigure neuronal circuits to adaptively regulate feeding behavior. Energy-state-dependent neuropeptide release can signal energy status to feeding-associated circuits and modulate circuit function. CART and NPY are major anorexic and orexic factors, respectively, but the intracellular signaling pathways used by these peptides to alter circuit function remain uncharacterized. We show that CART and NPY-expressing neurons from energy-state interoceptive areas project to a novel telencephalic region, Dm, in adult zebrafish. CART increases the excitability of Dm neurons, whereas NPY opposes CART activity. Antagonistic signaling by CART and NPY converge onto NMDA-receptor function to modulate glutamatergic neurotransmission. Thus, opposing activities of anorexic CART and orexic NPY reconfigure circuit function to generate flexibility in feeding behavior.
Association between radioactive iodine uptake and neutropenia in untreated Graves’ disease
Authors: Yang Qian , Ke Wencai , Pan Fanfan , Huang Xinmei , Liu Jun , Zha Bingbing
Published: January 2023

Objective

Neutropenia is a complication of Graves' disease (GD), but there is currently no means by which to predict its occurrence. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for the development of neutropenia in untreated GD.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study. Between January 1, 2010, and July 31, 2020, 1000 patients with new-onset or relapsing GD without treatment were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups: neutropenia group (neutrophil count < 2 × 109/L) and non-neutropenia group (neutrophil count ≥ 2 × 109/L). Clinical characteristics of subjects were compared between the two groups, and logistic regression analysis was applied to determine risk factors for neutropenia. To further explore the correlation of radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) with neutropenia, subjects were first classified according to quartile of 3 h RAIU and 24 h RAIU prior to logistic regression analysis.

Results

Of all patients recruited, 293 (29.6%) were diagnosed with neutropenia. Compared with non-neutropenic patients, those with neutropenia had a higher level of free thyroxine (FT4) (56.64 ± 31.80 vs 47.64 ± 39.64, P = 0.001), 3 h RAIU (55.64 ± 17.04 vs 49.80 ± 17.21, P < 0.001) and 24 h RAIU (67.38 ± 12.54 vs 64.38 ± 13.58, P < 0.001). Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that FT4, 3 h RAIU, 24 h RAIU, creatinine, and low-density lipoprotein were risk factors for development of neutropenia in GD. After adjusting for confounding factors of age, BMI, and sex, we determined that 3 h RAIU and 24 h RAIU (Model 1: OR = 1.021, 95% CI: 1.008–1.033, P = 0.001; Model 2: OR = 1.023, 95% CI: 1.007–1.039, P = 0.004), but not FT4, were associated with the development of neutropenia.

Conclusions

RAIU is associated with neutropenia in patients with untreated GD.
Aortic Repair Through a Left Thoracotomy in a 12-Year-Old Child with Traumatic Aortic Pseudoaneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Kan , Xu Wenliu , Wang Chaojie , Hu Jiaxin , Tan Songtao , Fan Xiaoping
Published: January 2023

Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the descending aorta is a rare but life-threatening disease, especially in children. Open surgical replacement and thoracic endovascular repair in treating traumatic pseudoaneurysm to prevent aortic rupture rarely have been reported in children. Here, we present a rare case of aortic pseudoaneurysm caused by trauma in a 12-year-old child treated with an alternative surgical strategy. Aortic repair without an implant assisted by distal perfusion was performed through a left thoracotomy. The child satisfactorily recovered, was discharged, and remained in a good condition during the follow-up period.
Computed Tomography for Detecting Patent Foramen Ovale: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lou Jingjing , Bao Yaya , Lv Tian , Yang Yue
Published: January 2023

Objective: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been regarded as a potential source of cryptogenic stroke, which was conventionally detected by transesophageal echocardiography. Cardiac computed tomography (CCT) is a promising, noninvasive test for detection of PFO. We sought to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CCT in detecting PFO.
Methods: PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Wanfang from inception to June 2020 were searched for relevant studies comparing CCT and transesophageal echocardiography as the reference standard in detecting PFO. A bivariate model was used to pool sensitivity and specificity and to construct summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves.
Results: A total of seven studies with 483 patients were included in this meta-analysis. For the diagnosis of PFO, CCT had a mean sensitivity and specificity of 0.70 [95% CI:0.58, 0.79] and 0.97 [95% CI: 0.95, 0.99]. The SROC analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.97.
Conclusion: CCT shows good diagnostic accuracy in detecting PFO with relatively high sensitivity and specificity. CCT could be considered a noninvasive alternative to transesophageal echocardiography for detecting PFO.
Right Coronary-Left Ventricular Fistula and Its Course: A Case Report
Authors: Miao Sihan , Zhao Haige , Wu Shengjun , Ma Liang
Published: January 2023

Background: Coronary fistula is a relatively rare cardiac disease. The incidence of coronary fistula flowing into the right heart structure is much higher than in inflow into the left heart structures. Opportunities for surgical intervention and treatment strategies for these patients still need to build more consensus. 
Case presentation: Here, we report a case of right coronary artery-left ventricular fistula combined with a giant coronary artery aneurysm during the treatment course.
Conclusion: Because of its rarity as well as its specificity of coronary artery fistula, each case requires an individualized evaluation. More consideration also can be given to the choice of surgical approach.
The White Coat Ceremony: Welcome to the Medical Profession
Authors: Ely Stephen , Tribble Curt
Published: January 2023

We have written about a number of the transitions, or ‘lurches,’ that most of us in medicine encounter as we move through the various stages of education and training in our profession. Some of our prior musings have addressed the transition into a Surgery Clerkship or a Surgery externship in the third or fourth years of medical school, respectively, as well as transitions into internship, the senior years of a Surgery residency, and a new job after completing Thoracic Surgery training. [Tribble: 2019, 2021, 2018, 2021, 2022].
Impetrações judiciais de mães de crianças com síndrome congênita do vírus zika: Das motivações aos desfechos
Authors: Santana Laís da Silva , Vale Paulo Roberto Lima Falcão do , Lisboa Erick Soares , Santos Suto Cleuma Sueli , Marques Luciano dos Santos , Carvalho Evanilda Souza de Santana
Published: January 2023

Introdução: as famílias de crianças com Síndrome Congênita do Zika (SCZ) convivem com dificuldades para suprir suas necessidades de saúde, portanto acionam o poder judiciário para gozar do seu direito à saúde.
Objetivo: apreender as principais motivações das impetrações judiciais requeridas por mães de crianças com SCZ e seus desfechos.
Metodologia: Estudo exploratório documental com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no sítio eletrônico JusBrasil e coleta procedida em março de 2020. Foram incluídas 15 impetrações judiciais publicadas entre janeiro de 2016 e junho de 2019. A análise lexical através do software IRaMuTeQ e a análise de conteúdo temática foram realizadas.
Resultados: O acesso às tecnologias assistivas é a principal motivação para impetrações judiciais, com vistas a assegurar melhora no desenvolvimento da criança e consequente independência da criança. As decisões judiciais beneficiaram as crianças com SCZ, fundamentadas no direito à saúde, direito à vida e proteção, e o direito de ir e vir.
Conclusão: Para mitigar os impactos da judicialização da saúde as autoridades sanitárias e judiciárias podem investir em melhor vigilância e monitoramento dos fatores de risco e morbidades; rigor nos protocolos sanitários que envolvem migração de pessoas em zonas fronteiriças; ofertas de condições ambientais e de moradia dignas; realização de cuidados preventivos com destaque para a eficiência da imunização; além da organização e funcionamento de uma rede de atenção à saúde eficaz com abordagem interdisciplinar.
Literatura y política en la militancia socialista de Enrique Anderson Imbert
Authors: Guiamet Javier
Published: January 2023

Este artículo analiza las intervenciones de Enrique Anderson Imbert en la página literaria del periódico socialista La Vanguardia durante la década de 1930. En un contexto signado por una mayor politización de la literatura y de los intelectuales afines al amplio espectro de la izquierda en Argentina, Anderson Imbert constituyó una voz a la vez singular y representativa de las problemáticas e inquietudes vinculadas al intento de aunar literatura y política dentro de un programa ideológico.
Seducción y dominación social: apuntes para la construcción de un tipo ideal
Authors: Saldaña Rosas Alejandro José , Mazzotti Pabello Giovanna M.
Published: January 2023

En este trabajo proponemos para el debate el concepto de Modo Capitalista de Seducción (MCS), como el tipo ideal para dar cuenta de los procesos de dominación social contemporáneos. Es un trabajo de reflexión teórica, basado en diversas investigaciones con trabajo de campo empírico, que busca estimular la discusión sobre los procesos de dominación y los referentes conceptuales necesarios para la investigación social en capitalismo digital. Los rasgos principales del MCS son: a) la dominación ocurre fundamentalmente a través del consumo; b) empresas y organizaciones son el vehículo del MCS; c) la seducción opera mediante la movilización del imaginario motor y del imaginario anzuelo, en particular, exaltando el narcisismo en el consumo; d) el consumo tiene un importante componente lúdico, lo que facilita la dominación; e) la seducción capitalista implica, necesariamente, exclusión social. Una de las conclusiones es que comprender el MCS abre las posibilidades para construir utopías posibles.
Calidad del agua superficial y sus implicaciones con el agua potable en Las Brisas de Zarcero
Authors: Bolanos Alfaro John Diego
Published: January 2023

El artículo describe las características fisicoquímicas y microbiológicas tanto del sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable existente en el distrito Las Brisas, ubicado en el cantón de Zarcero, como del agua superficial del río Jilguero que atraviesa dicha comunidad. Se valora el impacto negativo de las actividades humanas sobre el recurso hídrico durante los años 2019-2021 para determinar su vulnerabilidad a partir del análisis de 45 muestras de agua dulce. Los resultados más importantes son: 1- Existen niveles de amonio y de fosfato en el agua del acueducto, provenientes del expansivo desarrollo agropecuario, que, durante la estación lluviosa, escurren y lixivian a las nacientes. 2- El pH y el cloro libre son dos parámetros que requieren ser mejorados en el acueducto las Brisas, para reducir los riesgos y asegurar la potabilidad del agua en toda la red de distribución. 3- La contaminación del río Jilguero se clasifica entre moderada y severa según normativa nacional, situación generada por la intensa actividad agropecuaria en la zona, así como el irrespeto a las zonas de protección del río. En conclusión, desafortunadamente, el uso del agua superficial del río no es recomendable para muchos usos, de manera que queda restringida para la mayoría de las actividades humanas, bajo la condición de contaminación actual.
Lenguaje desquiciado y silencios: las relaciones entre locura, lenguaje y literatura en Nadie me verá llorar de Cristina Rivera Garza
Authors: Martínez Díaz María
Published: January 2023

Este artículo construye una lectura de Nadie me verá llorar, que se interesa en las relaciones entre el lenguaje de la locura y el lenguaje de la cordura y, al mismo tiempo, en las relaciones entre el texto, el sujeto y el lector. Para ello abordo en primer lugar, el tema de la locura como una ausencia o una abundancia de lenguaje, luego la presencia del pathos como una posibilidad de existencia de la locura, y finalmente, analizo las relaciones entre el lector y el texto a partir de lo previamente problematizado. La noción de locura que suscribo para este análisis, es la que propone Foucault (1972) en Historia de la locura, al señalar que se debe entender como una construcción histórica, cultural y social, pues está en constante transformación. Por lo tanto, la locura tiene un carácter voluble, que la hace imposible de fijar.
Olhares sobre o ensino de Entomologia durante a pandemia de covid-19 no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro dos Santos Carlos Diego , Kokowicz Pilatti Fernanda , Sant’Ana Josué , Guimarães Jonny Alex
Published: January 2023

A mudança dos métodos de ensino presencial para o ensino remoto desde o início da pandemia de Covid-19 exigiu, no campo da educação, a adaptação repentina da comunidade acadêmica à garantia da continuidade do Ensino Superior. A entomologia é a ciência que estuda os insetos, sendo um componente majoritariamente prático. Logo, as disciplinas que englobam esta ciência, normalmente, exigem a montagem e entrega de uma coleção de insetos pelos alunos, e os conteúdos curriculares contemplam aulas práticas de laboratório em que se analisam espécimes com auxílio de microscópios, lupas e chaves dicotômicas. Diante do cenário imposto pela pandemia, as aulas práticas de laboratório ficaram impossibilitadas de serem ministradas por parte dos professores de entomologia, que tiveram que se adaptar para garantir atividades pedagógicas à promoção da aprendizagem durante o ensino remoto emergencial (ERE). Desta forma, este estudo objetivou analisar a prática docente dos professores de entomologia durante a pandemia de Covid-19 no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brasil. Para a realização deste estudo, foi aplicado um formulário do Google, transformado em uma base de dados anonimizada, considerando a prática docente de março de 2020 até maio-julho de 2022. Foi questionada a formação docente antes da pandemia; descrita a relação entre Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) e o docente; o suporte e a capacitação durante o ERE; a cátedra docente, e as adaptações mandatórias que afetaram os professores de entomologia. Os resultados obtidos com a pesquisa mostraram que os professores enfrentaram dificuldades e obstáculos específicos, devido à própria formação e a habitual necessidade das aulas práticas de entomologia em laboratório, com isso, os docentes tiveram que passar pelo processo de aprendizagem frente às diferentes infraestruturas tecnológicas. Os professores conseguiram atingir os objetivos didáticos/pedagógicos propostos, fazendo com que os seus alunos continuassem as suas graduações em meio a pandemia. Por conseguinte, estudo revelou a falta da disponibilidade de instrumentos de trabalho (computadores, câmeras e estúdios) e de apoio financeiro das IESs para trabalho em “home office” dos docentes. Até o momento ainda não existem tecnologias que viabilizem as aulas práticas de laboratório por meio remoto. Por fim, ficou evidente que as aulas teóricas remotas têm a sua qualidade regulada pela participação e interesse dos alunos, em síntese essa situação serviu para que as IESs desenvolvam protocolos para problemas complexos futuros.
Rola franciszkanów konwentualnych w życiu religijnym Krakowa od XIII do XX wieku
Authors: Piech Stanisław Ludwik
Published: January 2023

Die Franziskaner haben sich in Krakau im Jahre 1237 angesiedelt und sind schnell unter den Stadtbewohnern sehr populär geworden, hauptsächlich dank Predigten und sakramentellen Dienst. Im Krakauer Kloster hat sich die Institution der ständigen Beichtväter entwickelt, die zugleich auch Spirituale vieler Gläubiger waren. Bruder Adalbert war der Beichtvater der sel. Salomea, Bruder Boguchwał war der Beichtvater der hl. Kinga und ihres Ehemannes Bole- sław. Das Krakauer Kloster der Minoriten war ein in Kleinpolen wichtiges Zentrum des Geschichtsschreibens, und auch der Hagiogaphie. In Krakau ist um die Wende des 13. und 14. Jh. Żywot bł. Salomei (Das Leben der sel. Salomea) entstanden. Eine wichtige Form der seelsorgerischen Tätigkeit war die spirituale Obhut über die kirchlichen Bruderschaften, unter denen die Bruderschaft der Passion des Herrn eine besondere Rolle gespielt hatte.Das evangelische Programm der Nachahmung Christi lockte die Gläubigen an. Die Franziskaner-Spiritualität, in der Christus nahe war – sowohl in der freudigen Stimmung der Geburt Gottes als auch im Leiden des Kreuzweges und Golgatha, hatte starke Einwirkung auf die Gläubigen und wurde mit der Zeit zum festen Erbe polnischer Kultur. Seit Jahrhunderten werden die Gläubigen in die Kirche der Franziskaner-Konventualen durch das spätgotische, im Jahre 1908 mit päpstlichen Kronen geschmückte Bild der Leidenden Mutter Gottes gelockt, die Traurige Wohltäterin von Krakau genannt wird, sowie auch durch den Kultus des Leiden des Herrn. Mit der Krakauer Kirche der Franziskaner-Konventualen ist auch der Kult der sel. Aniela Salawa (1881–1922), der Mystikerin verbunden, die in reichen Krakauer Familien den Dienst geleistet hat und die in dieser Kirche viele Jahre lang gebetet hat.
Relacje – kształcenie – (po)rozumienie : budowanie wirtualnych społeczności uczących się nie tylko w dobie pandemii
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Borawska-Kalbarczyk Katarzyna
Published: January 2023

The aim of the article is to analyze the process of education carried out in the conditions of online teaching. The author pays special attention to organizing the learning community. Learning is understood as the process of creating knowledge, where interaction and cooperation of students play an important role. The narrative is an extension of the thesis that in the case of distance learning there is a need to build a community of learners, where equally high importance is given to both cognitive and emotional effects. An important role of the teacher is to care for the mutual relations of students in virtual educational networks. The learning process carried out in a properly organized virtual network of students’ cooperation leads from mutual communication to understanding the content and creating knowledge, and learning becomes a very active mental process. The article discusses selected concepts of learning based on the cooperation of learners, the characteristics of which are translated into the model of collaborative learning in a virtual space, using the tools of modern digital technologies. The article indicates the importance of social relations in students’ virtual communities and the advantages of students’ educational activities in the digital space.
Prawnoczłowiecze aspekty funkcjonowania osób transpłciowych we współczesnym świecie
Authors:   Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Techniczno-Ekonomiczna im. ks. Bronisława Markiewicza w Jarosławiu, Leżucha Magdalena , Czerwiec Karolina ,   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Published: January 2023

The gender that is officially assigned at birth (male or female) is based on physical characteristics. However, it may not be compatible with gender identity – this is the way we feel and think about our gender. A transgender person is someone who has or manifests a different gender identity from the gender identity assigned to him at birth. A transgender person may choose to manifest their gender identity in a variety of ways. To make more permanent physical activity it is essential to use surgery and hormone therapy. This is a time-consuming and costly process that does not always involve complete gender reassignment. Transgender people experience transphobia and discrimination because of their gender identity, which is mistakenly associated with sexual orientation. The misunderstood concept of transgender causes that transgender people encounter intolerance, a lack of empathy, and the non-existence of safe social and legal spaces. This is mainly due to a lack of knowledge on the fundamental issues of transgenderism. Complex judicial procedures for sex reassignment, lack of funding for hormonal treatment and surgical genital correction, and the inability to marry are the cause of depression and a still high percentage of suicide attempts and suicides in this social group. Hence, it is important to draw social attention to the problems faced by transgender people and to disseminate knowledge about transgenderism.
The Role of Education in the Protection of Cultural Heritage (on the Example of the Project “Journey through Wooden Podlasie”)
Authors:   Bialystok University of Technology, Sulima Magdalena
Published: January 2023

Nowadays the issue of regional education is a very contemporary and necessary problem, seen as a future factor in cultural heritage, which can be treated as a contribution to preserving the continuity of traditional values. A look at how heritage can be protected using local perspectives in a globalized world through educational activities is also postulated by UNESCO’s global doctrines. In order to include this idea within the school education system, a certain transformation of the pedagogical reality must take place, which is a long-term process. That is why such projects are often carried out through non-formal education. Using the example of the project ‘Journey through Wooden Podlasie’, this study addresses the problem of protecting the cultural landscape and intangible heritage of Podlasie through education from an early age. Analysis of material collected, as well as the author’s own observations from the various projects carried out in the form of regional education, confirm the theory that there is a great need to implement programs of active heritage protection from scratch. Drawing inspiration from the past can be of great practical importance for future generations, and can serve to encourage children to be active participants in their environment.
Cultural Model of Disability – Origins, Assumptions, Advantages
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Twardowski Andrzej
Published: January 2023

This article aims to describe the cultural model of disability. In contrast to the social model of disability, which is strongly coherent, the cultural model of disability has not yet been specified, despite ongoing discussions on cultural determinants of understanding disability. In the first part of the article, the origins and essence of the cultural model are presented. Next, the four main assumptions underlying the model are characterised: 1) people perceive reality through the prism of their culture and experience acquired with it, 2) disability can have different meanings depending on what kind of discourse constitutes its meaning, 3) disability does not mean a feature of an individual, but a category of human differentiation, which can be embodied and thus materialised, 4) instead of just “looking” at people with disabilities and asking what problems they are struggling with, and what support from the society they need, the current perspective should be broadened and include the entire society and its culture. The final part of the article highlights the most important advantages of the cultural model of disability.
Invisible Children: Children from a Migration Background in Polish Dormitories
Authors:   Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Kościółek Jakub
Published: January 2023

The situation of children from a migration background in Polish dormitories and boarding schools is analysed herein. It is an emerging issue, practically absent in child studies in Poland. The author refers to research that is a part of MiCreate (Migrant Children and Communities in Transforming Europe) and demonstrates that despite the growing presence of migrant children in dormitories, they are invisible within the education system. The legal gaps in regulations applying to these children as residents of dormitories are explored herein, and integrative measures are analysed to find the possible causes of their ineffectiveness. The research was conducted in a dormitory in the city of Kraków. It included interviews with the institution’s staff, participatory observations and autobiographical narrative interviews with students. This article may inspire further large-scale research into the problems of migrant children being present and living in such dormitories.
Women in Management. Addressing the Issues of Social Structure and Education
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Banaszak Sławomir
Published: January 2023

The paper is part of the interdisciplinary considerations on the management of organisations and the participation of women in these processes. The presented approach combines the science of management with the sociology of education. It allows the analysis of macro-social aspects of women’s functioning and micro-social aspects related to the functioning of women at the top of corporate power. The article is based on a management survey published in 2019, which concerns issues of mutual relations between education, socialisation, and the place of women in the social structure or the selection of co-workers. It is qualitative research that does not allow for the generalisation of conclusions to the entire population of Polish managers (or, more precisely, managers working in Poland), but the representativeness of a typological nature has been preserved. It means that the interviewees represented distinguished types of managers, mainly due to the industry and the type of position. The study concerned the highest-ranking company managers, Chief Executive Directors (CEO), and members of the company’s boards with various academic diplomas.
Multipurpose algorithm to simulate reinforced concrete structures: macro modelling method
Authors: Sadeghi Kabir , Nouban Fatemeh
Published: January 2023

A non-linear finite-element macro-element-based multipurpose algorithm to simulate reinforced concrete (RC) structural members (SMs) such as columns, beams, beam–columns and shear walls under cyclic combined loading is proposed, which can be applied for several different types of loading. In the proposed algorithm, the SMs are divided into an appropriate number of macro-elements and the surfaces of the critical sections are discretised into a large number of fixed rectangular finite fibres. The proposed algorithm has been validated by comparing the simulated results to the results of experimental testing on full-scale RC SMs. To illustrate the influence of the mechanical properties of materials, the influences of reinforcement percentage and lateral force orientation angle and axial force on the behaviour of the SM, a parametric study has been performed. The parametric study allows optimisation of the choices in compliance with the safety and economic criteria in building construction projects. Furthermore, the application of the proposed algorithm illustrates how a heavy axial force makes SMs brittle, reduces the ductility, imposes a large amount of material loss and causes quick failure of the SM.
Motivações e acesso aos canais de comercialização pelos agricultores familiares que atuam com produção orgânica na Região da Serra Gaúcha
Authors: Shultz Glauco , De Souza Marcelino , Jandrey Willian Fontanive
Published: January 2023

Este artigo teve como objetivo caracterizar os agricultores familiares que atuam com produção orgânica na região da Serra Gaúcha, conhecendo as motivações e os fatores que influenciam no acesso a diferentes canais de comercialização. Através da constituição de uma amostra intencional não probabilística utilizando alguns critérios, foram entrevistados 49 produtores vinculados à comercialização em supermercados e em uma feira de agricultores. Os resultados revelaram que a agricultura orgânica é uma atividade recente e está vinculada a formação de associações. A principal motivação para adesão à atividade está relacionada à preocupação com a saúde. Os supermercados e as feiras são os principais canais de comercialização, sendo que as feiras estão relacionadas ao início do cultivo orgânico e os supermercados apresentam-se como uma forma de comercialização mais recente. Conclui-se que a cooperação foi fundamental no acesso a canais de comercialização de um mercado em construção e com potencial determinado por uma crescente demanda de produtos.
Gestão participativa territorial como parte de arranjos institucionais indutores da efetividade: um estudo de caso de dois Colegiados Territoriais
Authors: Vaz de Moura Joana Tereza , Moreira Ivaldo de Sousa , Gomes Sandra
Published: January 2023

As relações entre agricultores familiares e poder público tornaram-se mais próximas a partir de políticas públicas que estimularam a criação de espaços de participação social, como o PRONAF, em 1996 e o Programa Territórios da Cidadania, em 2008. Nota-se que essas políticas são criadas como resultante das lutas e reivindicações por garantia de direitos (como acesso à terra, à cidadania e ao desenvolvimento econômico etc.) e por avanços na construção e implementação de instrumentos de políticas públicas voltadas ao fortalecimento dos atores locais, particularmente os agricultores familiares. A partir da discussão sobre os efeitos de diferentes arranjos institucionais na formulação, implementação e resultado das políticas, este artigo foca no aspecto da participação como um dos fatores identificados como central para a produção de inovação, legitimidade, baixo conflito social e efetividade dos programas e ações estatais. Os dados são oriundos de pesquisas feitas no Território Mato Grande/RN e no Território Portal da Amazônia/MT. Os principais resultados deste estudo de caso confirmam em parte as observações verificadas nos estudos sobre arranjos institucionais. Com especial destaque para a identificação dos gargalos para uma participação efetiva observou-se que: há ausência de participação de atores não organizados e/ou de comunidades tradicionais e de minorias apesar destes serem afetados pelas políticas em questão; ausência de representantes dos governos municipais como interlocutores e potenciais apoiadores de soluções institucionais locais; uma recorrente falta de condições operacionais mínimas para garantir a diversidade e regularidade da participação. Ainda assim, do ponto de vista dos participantes, há um aprendizado institucional que promove o exercício democrático e de cidadania.
Ketahanan Galur Mutan Kedelai Hitam (Glycine max L. Merr.) Terhadap Hama Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura)
Authors: Tarmizi Tarmizi , Indiati Sri Wahyuni , Puspitasari Winda
Published: January 2023

Dalam budidaya kedelai, salah satu hama utama yang dianggap merugikan adalah ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura). Di Indonesia, serangan ulat grayak pada fase pertumbuhan vegetatif kedelai menurunkan hasil sampai dengan 80%, dan pada serangan yang berat dapat menyebabkan kegagalan panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ketahanan terhadap ulat grayak pada galur-galur mutan kedelai hitam. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balitkabi Malang pada bulan November 2019 hingga Februari 2020. Materi genetik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 13 galur mutan kedelai hitam, varietas Detam 1 (tetua), varietas Mutiara 3 (kontrol nasional), G100H (kontrol pembanding tahan) dan varietas Anjasmoro (kontrol pembanding rentan). Penelitian disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Berdasarkan data akhir pengujian, dari 15 genotipe yang diuji, yaitu 11 galur mutan kedelai hitam A-1-PSJ, A-2-PSJ, A-3-PSJ, A-4-PSJ, A-7-PSJ, A-8-PSJ, A-8A-PSJ, B-2-PAIR, B-4-PAIR, varietas Detam 1, dan varietas Mutiara 3 menunjukkan respon ketahanan rendah (LR), 3 galur mutan kedelai hitam (B-1-PAIR, B-3-PAIR, B-5-PAIR) menunjukkan respon ketahanan menengah (MR),  dan 1 galur mutan (A-5-PSJ) menunjukkan respon rentan (S) terhadap serangan ulat grayak. G100H sebagai kontrol tahan menunjukkan respon ketahanan menengah (MR) dan varietas Anjasmoro sebagai kontrol rentan menunjukkan respon ekstrim rentan (ES).
Internet, Smartphone y Redes Sociales: Entre el uso y abuso, previo a la adicción
Authors: Tejada Garitano Eneko , Arce-Alonso Ander , Bilbao-Quintana Naiara , López de la Serna Arantzazu
Published: January 2023

El uso intensivo de la tecnología digital para ver videos en Internet, comunicarse a través del Smartphone e interactuar en las Redes Sociales produce satisfacción y contribuye al desarrollo psico-social de las personas más jóvenes, por eso tienen tanto éxito. Sin embargo, cuando se inician a una edad demasiado temprana, pueden acabar abusando de las mismas y finalmente caer en la adicción. Por ello, para que los escolares no tengan problemas en el futuro el presente estudio tiene por objeto conocer si se está produciendo algún tipo de abuso tecnológico para identificar e intervenir en los sujetos que lo están desarrollando. La muestra de la presente investigación la componen 197 estudiantes entre 11 y 12 años de sexto de Educación Primaria, quienes respondieron un cuestionario validado (Ministerio de Interior, 2014) que analiza los hábitos de uso tecnológico de los jóvenes. El instrumento se organiza en preguntas de opción múltiple que ofrece información sobre cuestiones como frecuencia de uso, lugar de uso, internet, Redes Sociales, etc. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que la mayoría de los estudiantes que participaron en el estudio utiliza la tecnología digital de forma razonable. Sin embargo, uno de cada diez estudiantes hace uso abusivo de la misma. Por ello, se sugiere que se intervenga educativamente para que este alumnado no caiga en la dependencia y adicción, dado las potenciales influencias negativas en la vida personal y académica que estos hábitos tendrían.
Adicción a las TIC. Perspectiva docente desde tres centros universitarios
Authors: Prieto-Quezada Ma. Teresa , Romero-Sánchez Alfredo , Oliva Herberth
Published: January 2023

Entre los análisis realizados con referencia al uso y abuso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación existen diversos estudios aplicados a los más jóvenes, por ser el grupo que más concentra el consumo en línea. No obstante, poco se ha analizado sobre las tendencias y reflexiones realizadas al respecto por otro sector poblacional, no siempre diferente en edad, pero sí en sus propósitos y actividades cotidianas: los y las docentes. Como parte de este trabajo, se muestra un estudio hecho a docentes de tres centros universitarios de la Universidad de Guadalajara, quienes ofrecen su percepción sobre el consumo en la web a partir del Test de Uso de Internet elaborado por Kimberly Young. Los resultados muestran, en general, una tendencia racional en la utilización de la tecnología, aunque hay algunos indicios frecuentes en el caso de la pérdida de conciencia del tiempo de uso de internet, a sentir un cierto grado de ansiedad o nervios al no conectarse o así como a consultar redes sociales o el correo antes de iniciar actividades prioritarias. Este trabajo reafirma la necesidad de profundizar en estudios sobre el colectivo de docentes de los centros de estudio, ya que interesa tanto su afectación personal y profesional, como el papel que para ellos juega la tecnología y qué mensaje dan a las comunidades de estudiantes a las que atienden.