bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
National Frameworks: Reflections on the Construction of National Interests and Political Agendas in Interwar Europe
Authors: Aguirresarobe Asier
Published: February 2023

This article explores the relationship that exists between ideology and political interest and applies it to the study of the international system that arose in Europe after the First World War. Following Alexander Wendt’s approach to identity as a socializing process, we have underscored the extent to which the principles of the Versailles system affected its member’s identities and goals. Because these assumptions derived from the national narratives that had become widespread in Europe during the previous decades, the new international framework became decisively modelled in accord to nationalist ideas. In turn, this meant that member states were socialised within an environment in which nationalist claims and interests could be perceived as legitimate. By depicting nations as the product of narrative practices, this research tries to shed light on the ways in which the institutionalised logic of national discourse influenced international developments after 1920. To do so, a general examination of some political instability issues in interwar Europe will be provided so as to analyse the degree to which nationalist assumptions shaped them. Finally, we argue that this framework had enormous consequences not just for minority and border populations which became increasingly regarded as factors of instability, but also for the broader objective of the Versailles system of maintaining a specific balance of power in Europe.
Archival Review: The Herder Institute
Authors: Coburger Antje
Published: February 2023

Presentation of the Herder Institute, its objectives and its collections.
Asychronicity of National Movements
Authors: Hroch Miroslav
Published: February 2023

It is not difficult to prove the banal fact that European national movements did not proceed in a synchronous order. On the contrary, the opposite occurred. Moreover, the difference in timing concerns both the starting point of national agitation –i.e. their decisive Phase B– and the time the national agitation needed to become successful.
Venerating poets and writers in Europe From hero cults to nineteenth-century nationalist commemoration
Authors: Dović Marijan
Published: February 2023

The article explores (posthumous) veneration and canonisation of poets and writers in Europe with a special focus on those features that connect such veneration to various religious traditions. Departing from poets hero cults in Ancient Greece, it briefly surveys the veneration of poets in early modern Europe and goes on to review in more detail the essential developments during the long nineteenth century that brought commemoration to the forefront like no period before or after. Paying particular attention to commemorations most distinctive features, such as the cult of centenary and the statuary fever, it outlines its ritual dimensions that bind it with the veneration of religious saints. At the end, it discusses the connections of commemoration culture with nation-building and analyses the rise of national poets as paradigmatic cultural saints.
The medium is the message Historical heroes in Flemish lyrical dramas of the nineteenth century (1830-1914)
Authors: Ceulemans Adelheid
Published: February 2023

This paper focuses on Flemish lyrical dramas of the nineteenth century with historical protagonists, both political figures and artists. It investigates how these lyrical dramas contributed to the discursive construction of a national, Belgian and a subnational, Flemish identity through the use (or manipulation) of the past, and how historical heroes were fit into nationalising strategies. Special attention is paid to the use of stereotypes and clich in characterising the historical protagonists, and to specific features of the lyrical dramas concerning style and content.

It is particularly interesting to investigate nationalising strategies and the functioning of historical heroes in those strategies in the genre of the lyrical drama, because of the broad and various audiences this popular genre reached, and because of its inherent interdisciplinary character. The integration of an oral art discipline (music) in a written (dramatic) text facilitates the transferal of a (nationalist) message and increases its impact. Furthermore, the genre of the lyrical drama has been notably understudied in scholarly research concerning Flemish music history and literary history of the nineteenth century.
Heroes after the end of the heroic. Commemorating silent heroes in Berlin
Authors: Székely Juli
Published: February 2023

Discussing the position of heroes in the memory politics of particular cities, Germany emerges as a special case study. In Germany, parallel to the strengthening of a perpetrator discourse, the celebration of national heroes came to an end and heroes became cultural taboos. This shift from triumphal to traumatic remembrances, however, did not mean the solidification of German memory politics, nor a definitive and irreversible farewell to concepts such as Germans as victims or Germans as heroes. Yet, while various authors now discuss the topic of German victims with a growing emphasis, the gradual reappearance of heroic narratives is largely neglected. In this paper I argue that along with the German victim, a new figure of the German hero also returned in the public imagination of Germany.

Focusing on various sites of remembrance in the Berlin neighbourhood Spandauer Vorstadt, I reveal that even though processes of memorialisation indeed show a strong estrangement from heroic narratives, the so-called silent heroes who tried to save people persecuted during WWII are also present in the scene. Elaborating on the house and courtyard of Rosenthaler Strasse 39, I show that silent heroes do not only stand for the cautious reintroduction and reinterpretation of heroic narratives in Berlin, but as the discussion of the House Schwarzenberg, Otto Weidts Workshop for the Blind and Silent Heroes Memorial Centre underlines also appear within the aesthetic context of counter-monuments and combimemorials.
Nationalists and the problem of overcoming invisibility. Catalonia and Wales
Authors: Morgan Syd , Ucelay-Da Cal Enric
Published: February 2023

The articles in this second volume of Studies on National Movements form a collection of essays with its genesis in a question asked by Catalan to Welsh colleagues: ‘Why do we know so much about Scotland and so little about Wales?’ They suggested exploring this perplexity at one-day seminars held in both territories. The first was organised by GRENS (Grup de Recerca en Estats, Nacions i Sobiranies) at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, on 12 November 2013 under the direction of professor Enric Ucelay-DaCal. Swansea University’s European Institute of Identities reciprocated on 2 April 2014.
Cymru'n Deffro. Michael D. Jones and the 'national awakening'
Authors: Tudur Dafydd
Published: February 2023

During the second half of nineteenth century, Wales seemed to experience an upsurge in its sense of identity as a nation, a so-called national awakening. While this led to the belief that its social and economic needs as well as its cultural characteristics were distinct from England, few people called for a radical solution to the apparent injustices and misrepresentation of Wales within the British political system; it was not until the twentieth century that a movement emerged to gather support for some form of national self-government.

The most prominent of these early advocates of self-government for Wales was the Nonconformist minister and college principal Michael Daniel Jones (1822-1898). Jones has since been described as the the founding father of modern political nationalism in Wales and the first in modern times to offer the Welsh a rational political solution to the question of how best to maintain their identity. Yet despite this acclaim, he is a figure who remains largely unstudied, especially beyond the sphere of Welsh (and, more specifically, Welsh-language) historiography.

This article focuses on the formation and attributes of Michael D. Joness political thought in regard to the Welsh nation. It concludes with an attempt to explain his failure to incite a national movement during his lifetime and the underlying divergence of his aspirations for Wales and the political views that were dominant among Welsh Nonconformists at the time.
The origins of the ambiguity. Nation and empire in Catalonia from the Middle Ages to the 1880s
Authors: Jacobson Stephen
Published: February 2023

Catalans have belonged to composite monarchies, imperial constellations and nation states, and, as a result, have possessed multiple identities and allegiances throughout history. Catalan nationhood first emerged in the Middle Ages. Upon the Union of the crowns of Aragon and Castile in the late fifteenth century, educated Catalans also came to feel 'Spanish', understood as an overarching imperial identity consisting of a community of pure-blooded Catholics on both sides of the Atlantic. Following the loss of most of the American colonies in the early nineteenth century, Spanishness became increasingly regarded as a form of national identification. Various patrias or nationalities of the Iberian Peninsula shared customs, increasingly spoke a similar language, and consisted of citizens and subjects of the constitutional monarchy. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Catalans possessed dual identities - as Catalans and Spaniards - which proved mutually reinforcing. At the same time, ongoing and age-old rivalries between Catalans and Castilians over the direction of the state harboured the seeds from which a regionalist and ultimately an ambiguous nationalist movement would spring.
The invisible motherland? The Catalan-speaking minority in Sardinia and Catalan nationalism
Authors: Farinelli Marcel A.
Published: February 2023

L'Alguer (Alghero in Italian, S'Alighera in Sardinian) is a coastal town on the Island of Sardinia. Founded by the powerful Genoese family of the Doria, in 1354 it fell in the hands of the Kingdom of Aragon, as one of the first strongholds in a long war to conquer the whole island. The town was entirely evacuated by its Genoese-Sardinian inhabitants, and repopulated by Catalans settlers. Nowadays its inhabitants speak dialectal forms of Catalan, influenced by Sardinian and Italian, despite the institutional link to the others parts of the Aragonese Crown broke down in the aftermath of the War of Spanish Succession. The existence of this Catalan-speaking community aroused interest and curiosity between intellectuals and politicians, particularly the nationalists, from the Reinaxen until today. Currently l'Alguer is included in the map of the Paos Catalans [Catalan-speaking territories]. Nonetheless, the small town is bereft of a Catalan nationalist movement, only a minority have passed from a folkloric and cultural view to a more political interpretation of the relationship with the linguistic 'homeland'. This paper aims to analyse the reasons of the invisibility of Catalonia as motherland seen (or unseen) from the Mediterranean city.
Book review: Liberal nationalisms. Empire, state, and civil society in Scotland and Quebec
Authors: Mees Ludger
Published: February 2023

James Kennedy, Liberal nationalisms. Empire, state, and civil society in Scotland and Quebec(Montreal -­‐Kingston -­‐London -­‐Ithaca: McGill-­‐Queen's University Press, 2013) 322 pp., ISBN 9780773538986
Continuities and shifting paradigms. A debate on Caspar Hirschi's 'The origins of nationalism'
Authors: Leerssen Joep , Hirschi Caspar
Published: February 2023

1. Introduction (p. 2)

2. Steven Grosby, Nationality and constructivism (pp. 2-13)

3. Joep Leerssen, The baton and the frame: or, tradition and recollection (pp. 13-23)

4. Caspar Hirschi, Duck or quack? On the lack of scholarly soundness and decorum in Joep Leerssens review (pp. 24-35)

5. Joep Leerssen, Response to Caspar Hirschi (pp. 35-48)
DILINAME - Digital Library of National Movements in Europe. Democracy and sovereignty in all languages
Authors: Macías Xabier
Published: February 2023

DILINAME was founded first of all as an outreach project, targeting the general public in order to raise awareness of the European national movements and to disseminate their history and activities. However, it is also aimed at the academic field as well as political foundations and various forums assisting with the comparative study, at least at an early stage, of pro-independence and nationalist democratic movements on a European level. A third additional goal would be to improve knowledge on other issues (social, economic, cultural, etc) among the different stateless nations.
Book Review: Joep Leerssen & Eric Storm (eds.), World Fairs and the Global Moulding of National Identities. International Exhibitions as Cultural Platforms, 1851–1958
Authors: Koll Johannes
Published: February 2023

Book Review of Joep Leerssen & Eric Storm (eds.), World Fairs and the Global Moulding of National Identities. International Exhibitions as Cultural Platforms, 1851–1958
Boletín Agroclimático Regional: mesa técnica agroclimática de Antioquia diciembre 2022
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA,   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales, Bogotá (Colombia),   Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, Bogotá (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

La Mesa Técnica Agroclimática MTA de Antioquia es un espacio de diálogo y análisis entre actores locales, nacionales y regionales, que busca comprender el posible comportamiento del clima a partir de información científica y conocimiento empírico, y generar recomendaciones para disminuir los riesgos asociados a la variabilidad climática en el sector agropecuario Que ha iniciado su trabajo desde junio de 2022.
Boletín Agroclimático Regional: mesa técnica agroclimática de Caldas noviembre 2022
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA,   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, Bogotá (Colombia),   Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales, Bogotá (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

La Mesa Técnica Agroclimática MTA de Caldas es un espacio de diálogo y análisis entre actores locales, nacionales y regionales, que busca comprender el posible comportamiento del clima a partir de información científica y conocimiento empírico, y generar recomendaciones para disminuir los riesgos asociados a la variabilidad climática en el sector agropecuario.
Boletín Agroclimático Regional: mesa técnica agroclimática de Cauca noviembre 2022
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA,   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales, Bogotá (Colombia),   Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, Bogotá (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

La Mesa Técnica Agroclimática MTA de Cauca es un espacio de diálogo y análisis entre actores locales, nacionales y regionales, que busca comprender el posible comportamiento del clima a partir de información científica y conocimiento empírico, y generar recomendaciones para disminuir los riesgos asociados a la variabilidad climática en el sector agropecuario.
Transformación: hornilla panelera, tecnologías para mejorar la eficiencia energética
Authors: Mendieta Menjura Oscar Andrés , Rodríguez Cortina Jader , Prada Forero Luz Esperanza , López González Ximena , Avendaño Avendaño Diego Fernando , Deantonio Florido Leidy Yibeth
Published: February 2023

Clasificación de hornillas paneleras para mejorar la eficiencia energética.
Conoce con el #YoutuberDelAgro acerca de la Cadena de valor láctea
Authors:   Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria, Mosquera (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En su particular estilo, el #YoutuberDelAgro nos hablará de la Cadena de valor láctea y el proyecto que AGROSAVIA tiene con la embajada de Nueva Zelanda en nuestro país, así mismo nos dará recomendaciones de manejo de los animales dentro de la finca para lograr una excelente producción lechera.
Medicare payment amounts for cellulitis in the inpatient setting across the United States: a state-by-state analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Diaz Michael Joseph , Tran Jasmine Thuy , Taneja Kamil , Patel Karan , Tran Andrew Xuan Vinh
Published: February 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A - Research Letter
Privacy-Preserving Federated Model Predicting Bipolar Transition in Patients With Depression: Prediction Model Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Dong Yun , Choi Byungjin , Kim Chungsoo , Fridgeirsson Egill , Reps Jenna , Kim Myoungsuk , Kim Jihyeong , Jang Jae-Won , Rhee Sang Youl , Seo Won-Woo , Lee Seunghoon , Son Sang Joon , Park Rae Woong
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Mood disorder has emerged as a serious concern for public health; in particular, bipolar disorder has a less favorable prognosis than depression. Although prompt recognition of depression conversion to bipolar disorder is needed, early prediction is challenging due to overlapping symptoms. Recently, there have been attempts to develop a prediction model by using federated learning. Federated learning in medical fields is a method for training multi-institutional machine learning models without patient-level data sharing.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop and validate a federated, differentially private multi-institutional bipolar transition prediction model.

METHODS

This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with the first depressive episode at 5 tertiary hospitals in South Korea. We developed models for predicting bipolar transition by using data from 17,631 patients in 4 institutions. Further, we used data from 4541 patients for external validation from 1 institution. We created standardized pipelines to extract large-scale clinical features from the 4 institutions without any code modification. Moreover, we performed feature selection in a federated environment for computational efficiency and applied differential privacy to gradient updates. Finally, we compared the federated and the 4 local models developed with each hospital's data on internal and external validation data sets.

RESULTS

In the internal data set, 279 out of 17,631 patients showed bipolar disorder transition. In the external data set, 39 out of 4541 patients showed bipolar disorder transition. The average performance of the federated model in the internal test (area under the curve [AUC] 0.726) and external validation (AUC 0.719) data sets was higher than that of the other locally developed models (AUC 0.642-0.707 and AUC 0.642-0.699, respectively). In the federated model, classifications were driven by several predictors such as the Charlson index (low scores were associated with bipolar transition, which may be due to younger age), severe depression, anxiolytics, young age, and visiting months (the bipolar transition was associated with seasonality, especially during the spring and summer months).

CONCLUSIONS

We developed and validated a differentially private federated model by using distributed multi-institutional psychiatric data with standardized pipelines in a real-world environment. The federated model performed better than models using local data only.
Risk Amplifiers for Vascular Disease and CKD in South Asians
Authors: Vijayan Madhusudan , Deshpande Kavita , Anand Shuchi , Deshpande Priya
Published: February 2023

South Asians, comprising almost one fourth of the world population, are at higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and CKD compared with other ethnic groups. This has major public health implications in South Asia and in other parts of the world to where South Asians have immigrated. The interplay of various modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors confers this risk. Traditional models of cardiometabolic disease progression and CKD evaluation may not be applicable in this population with a unique genetic predisposition and phenotype. A wider understanding of dietary and lifestyle influences, genetic and metabolic risk factors, and the pitfalls of conventional equations estimating kidney function in this population are required in providing care for kidney diseases. Targeted screening of this population for metabolic and vascular risk factors and individualized management plan for disease management may be necessary. Addressing unhealthy dietary patterns, promoting physical activity, and medication management that adheres to cultural factors are crucial steps to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular disease and CKD in this population. In South Asian countries, a large rural and urban community-based multipronged approach using polypills and community health workers to decrease the incidence of these diseases may be cost-effective.
Mortality Risk of Patients Treated in Dialysis Facilities with Payment Reductions under ESRD Quality Incentive Program
Authors: Griffin Shannon M. , Marr Jeffrey , Kapke Alissa , Jin Yan , Pearson Jeffrey , Esposito Dominick , Young Eric W.
Published: February 2023

Background

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services End-Stage Renal Disease Quality Incentive Program (ESRD QIP) measures quality of care delivered by dialysis facilities and imposes Medicare payment reductions for quality lapses. We assessed the association between payment reductions and patient mortality, a quality indicator not included in the ESRD QIP measure set.

Methods

Association between mortality and ESRD QIP facility payment reduction based on the year of performance was expressed as the unadjusted rate and patient case-mix–adjusted hazard ratio. We also measured association between mortality and 1-year changes in payment reductions. Retrospective patient cohorts were defined by their treating dialysis facility on the first day of each year (2010–2018).

Results

Facility performance resulted in payment reductions for 5%–42% of dialysis facilities over the 9 study years. Patients experienced progressively higher mortality at each payment reduction level. Across all years, unadjusted mortality was 17.3, 18.1, 18.9, 20.3, and 23.9 deaths per 100 patient-years for patients in facilities that received 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% payment reductions, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio showed a similar stepwise pattern by the level of payment reduction: 1.0 (reference), 1.08 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.09), 1.15 (95% CI, 1.13 to 1.16), 1.19 (95% CI, 1.16 to 1.21), and 1.34 (95% CI, 1.29 to 1.39). Strength of the association increased from 2010 to 2016. Patients treated in facilities that improved over 1 year generally experienced lower mortality; patients in facilities that performed worse on ESRD QIP measures generally experienced higher mortality.

Conclusions

Patient mortality was associated with ESRD QIP facility payment reductions in dose-response and temporal patterns.
The Use of Online Automated Writing Checkers among EFL Learners
Authors: Rahmtallah Enas Abdelwahab Eltom
Published: February 2023

Writing is regarded as a vital learning tool for all subject areas. However, it is tough for EFL students in college programmes to grasp and possess excellent writing skills. This paper describes the findings of a study conducted to understand better EFL learners’ perceptions of using online automated writing checkers (OAWCs). This study aims to elicit Learners’ perspectives on enhancing their writing skills with OAWCs. A questionnaire was provided to sixty Saudi female students in the College of Science and Arts, Unizah, Qassim University. The results demonstrate the learners’ positive perceptions of the use of these technologies. Based on the findings, educational implications are proposed for this descriptive study and future research.
A Study on the English Translation of the Three-Body Problems’ Terms from the Perspective of Cognitive Terminology
Authors: Wang Wenting
Published: February 2023

The emergence of the The Three-Body Problem series has reintroduced the marginalized literary genre into the critics’ field of view. The story background of the first part of The Three-Body Problem takes place during the Cultural Revolution. As a masterpiece of Chinese science fiction literature, the English translation of The Three-Body Problem has been studied actively, but the English translation of it is still relatively blank. Taking cognitive linguistics as an entry point, this paper attempts to describe how cognitive linguistics can guide translators to translate, in order to provide theoretical reference for the translation practice of science fiction works.
Effect of Varying Slab Depth of the Skew Culvert
Authors: Atoliya Anil , Pendharkar Dr. Umesh
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Although there are numerous various kinds of bridge structures in the world, the skew culvert bridge is the subject of this essay. Skew bridges are unique in that they are frequently seen in hilly terrain and are also used in contemporary architecture. Skew slab bridges are an attempt to analyze in this dissertation. In order to achieve maximal stresses development on the slab, various I.R.C. loadings (Class 70R Tracked Vehicle) and live load positions have been taken into consideration in the analysis. For the skew bridge analysis, the thorough analysis and parametric investigation offered insightful information. The primary strategy is to examine the impact of various depths on the maximum shear force, bending moment, stresses, and reinforcing quantity, among other parameters, on the 170 , 300 and 570 skew angle respectively.
Менеджмент энергоэффективности промышленных объектов
Authors: Верстина Н.Г. , Солопова Н.А. , Таскаева Н.Н. , Мещерякова Т.С. , Щепкина Н.Н.
Published: February 2023

В книге изложены предпосылки становления системы управления энергоэффективностью промышленных объектов, международная практика регулирования энергоэффективности экономики, основы менеджмента энергоэффективности промышленных объектов; представлены научные подходы к оценке энергоэффективности промышленных объектов; рассмотрены вопросы организации оценки энергоэффективности промышленных объектов в энергоменеджменте. Для преподавателей и обучающихся вузов, сотрудников энергетических компаний и всех интересующихся вопросами управления промышленными предприятиями и объектами, а также экономики и энергетики.
Утечки воды
Authors: Примин Олег Григорьевич
Published: February 2023

В монографии приведены методика определения неучтенных расходов и потерь воды (опыт Московского водопровода), методика снижения неучтенных расходов и потерь воды в системах водоснабжения; дана классификация потерь воды, показан анализ факторов, влияющих на надежность водопроводных трубопроводов. Для научных работников, аспирантов, магистрантов, обучающихся строительных вузов, а также для специалистов, чья деятельность связана с проектированием, строительством и эксплуатацией систем водоснабжения.
TensorCircuit: a Quantum Software Framework for the NISQ Era
Authors: Zhang Shi-Xin , Allcock Jonathan , Wan Zhou-Quan , Liu Shuo , Sun Jiace , Yu Hao , Yang Xing-Han , Qiu Jiezhong , Ye Zhaofeng , Chen Yu-Qin , Lee Chee-Kong , Zheng Yi-Cong , Jian Shao-Kai , Yao Hong , Hsieh Chang-Yu , Zhang Shengyu
Published: February 2023

TensorCircuit is an open source quantum circuit simulator based on tensor network contraction, designed for speed, flexibility and code efficiency. Written purely in Python, and built on top of industry-standard machine learning frameworks, TensorCircuit supports automatic differentiation, just-in-time compilation, vectorized parallelism and hardware acceleration. These features allow TensorCircuit to simulate larger and more complex quantum circuits than existing simulators, and are especially suited to variational algorithms based on parameterized quantum circuits. TensorCircuit enables orders of magnitude speedup for various quantum simulation tasks compared to other common quantum software, and can simulate up to 600 qubits with moderate circuit depth and low-dimensional connectivity. With its time and space efficiency, flexible and extensible architecture and compact, user-friendly API, TensorCircuit has been built to facilitate the design, simulation and analysis of quantum algorithms in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era.
Preoperative simulation using three-dimensional printer in four temporal bone surgeries
Authors: Fukumoto Ichiro , Mita Yukiyoshi , Shimmi Rie , Sonobe Yuri , Iinuma Tomohisa , Yamasaki Kazuki , Yonekura Shuji , Nemoto Toshimitsu , Hanazawa Toyoyuki
Published: February 2023

It is difficult to anatomically understand the three-dimensional
structure of the middle ear and temporal bone during surgery, and great
surgical technique are required. Therefore, complications are avoided
through simulation using a three-dimensional printer, which was
effective in not only safe and reliable surgery but also educating young
physicians.
Comparison of fetal growth assessment by conventional method and by using Intergrowth 21 st chart for detection of small for gestational age foetuses: A prospective observational study among Indian population
Authors: Suka Millo , Puri Manju , Singh Anuradha
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Primary objective was to compare screening accuracy
of fetal growth assessment by conventional fundal height assessment by
palpation with plotting of symphysio-fundal height (SFH) measurement on
21 Intergrowth charts for detecting small for
gestational age (SGA) foetuses. Secondary objective was to find an
agreement between these two methods. Design: Prospective
observational analytic study Setting: Lady Hardinge Medical
College and associated hospitals, Delhi, India Population: Five
hundred low risk pregnant women with singleton pregnancy, with reliable
dates at ≥28 weeks from Antenatal Clinic of Lady Hardinge
Medical College and associated hospitals from November 2019 to October
2021. Outcome measures: Assessment of fundal height in weeks by
palpation and a lag of ≥3 weeks, suggested SGA fetus. SFH
measured in centimetres and plotted on Intergrowth 21
foetal growth charts. SFH of less than 10
centile suggested SGA. Birthweight of new-born was
plotted on Intergrowth 21 Estimated Foetal Weight
Chart. Birthweight of less than 10 centile was
classified as SGA. Results: Thirteen percent women delivered
new-borns with birthweight below 10 centile. Fundal
height palpation had 98.6 % specificity and 69.9% sensitivity compared
to 99.5% specificity and 83.3% sensitivity by SFH measurement for
detecting SGA neonates. Conclusions: SFH measurement plotted on
Intergrowth 21 chart is more sensitive and specific
for detecting SGA neonates compared to conventional fundal height
palpation. Agreement between the methods measured by Cohen’s Kappa
Statistic was 0.804, indicating substantial agreement between the
methods. SFH measurement is a more accurate and practical tool, for use
in low resource settings.
The diet conditions of dung beetles influence the changes in gut microbes
Authors: Mao Yue , Yang Xingjian , Yuan Hui , Zou Chunmei , Xiong Tao
Published: February 2023

Using 16S rRNA sequencing, we investigated the gut microbial diversity,
variability, and functional prediction of gut microbes in dung beetles
in starvation and heavy diet states. The results showed that the gut
microflora was richer in the re-eating state than in the starving state.
The dominant flora at the phylum level for the starvation and re-diet
states are Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, but the proportions are not the
same. At the genus level, the dominant flora in the starvation group was
Vagococcus, while the dominant flora in the rediet group was Romboutsia.
In terms of functional prediction, 27 metabolic pathways in 6 areas of
Metabolism, Genetic Information Processing, Environmental Information
Processing, Cellular Processes, Organismal Systems, and Human Diseases
were significantly different. The study shows that status affects the
diversity of the gut microbes of the Chinese dung beetle, and the
results may provide the necessary data for the study and development of
the gut microbes of the Chinese dung beetle.
Nanostructured lubricant additives for titanium alloy: Lubrication by the solid-liquid interface with Coulomb repulsion
Authors: Duan Linlin , Jia Dan , Li Jian , Liu Jianfang , Duan Haitao
Published: February 2023

In this work, the advantage of Coulomb repulsion in the intermolecular
forces experienced by molecules on the solid-liquid nanosized contact
interface is taken, and the superior friction-reducing property of
Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O (CuP) oil-based additives has been confirmed for titanium
alloy. 3D CuP nanoflowers (CuP-Fs) with a strong capillary absorption
effect are prepared to achieve the homogeneous mixing of solid CuP and
lubricating oil. Lubrication by CuP-Fs additives for titanium alloy,
friction coefficient (COF) can be reduced by 73.68%, and wear rate (WR)
reduced by 99.69%. It is demonstrated that the extraordinary
friction-reducing property is due to the repulsive solid-liquid
interface with low viscous shear force originating from Coulomb
repulsion between polar water molecules in CuP and non-polar oil
molecules. However, any steric hindrance or connection between this
repulsive solid-liquid interface will trigger the adhesion and increase
the viscous shear force, for example, dispersant, hydrogen bondings, and
shaky adsorbed water molecules. Besides, the lamellar thickness of CuP
and molecular size of lubricant both have a great influence on
tribological properties. Here the lubrication mechanism based on
interface Coulomb repulsion is proposed that may help broaden the scope
of the exploration in low-friction nanomaterial design and new lubricant
systems.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Mirvetuximab Soravtansine in Patients with Folate Receptor-α Positive Ovarian Cancer: the Antibody-Drug Conjugate, Payload and Metabolite
Authors: Tu Yaping , Hanze Eva , Zhu Fengying , Lagraauw Maxime , Sloss Callum , Method Michael , Esteves Brooke , Westin Eric , Berkenblit Anna
Published: February 2023

Aims: Mirvetuximab soravtansine is the first-in-class antibody-drug
conjugate approved in November 2022 for the treatment of folate
receptor-α positive ovarian cancer. The aim of this study was to develop
a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model to describe the
concentration-time profiles of mirvetuximab soravtansine, the payload
(DM4) and a metabolite (S-methyl-DM4). Methods: Mirvetuximab
soravtansine was administered intravenously from 0.15 to 7 mg/kg to 543
patients with predominantly platinum-resistant ovarian cancer in three
clinical studies, and the plasma drug concentrations were analyzed using
a nonlinear mixed-effects modelling approach to estimate the PK
parameters, inter-individual variabilities, and residual errors.
Stepwise covariate modelling was performed to identify covariates.
Results: We developed a semi-mechanistic population PK model that
included linear and nonlinear routes for the elimination of mirvetuximab
soravtansine and a target compartment for the formation and disposition
of the payload and metabolite in tumor cells. The model adequately
described the concentration-time profiles for the three analytes.
Patient body weight, serum albumin, and age were identified as the major
covariates. Exposures in patients with renal or hepatic impairment were
estimated. The effect of inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 on drug
exposures was also evaluated. Conclusions: There is no need for dose
adjustment due to covariate effects for mirvetuximab soravtansine
administered at the recommended dose of 6 mg/kg based on adjusted ideal
body weight. The model also showed that dose adjustment is not required
for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment, mild hepatic
impairment, or when concomitant weak and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors are
used.
Development of an Autonomous Robot with better Sensing and Accuracy by using an 8051 Microcontroller
Authors: Huda Zainul , Mehedi Ibrahim M. , Ismanto Muhamad Nur , Almitani Khalid H.
Published: February 2023

This research paper reports a unique autonomous robot design with
reduced blind spot areas. The new robot is not only cost-effective but
also has improved sensing and accuracy capabilities. The design and
fabrication of the new autonomous robot involved the use of the
following hardware components: servo motors, infrared or ultrasonic
sensors, and a microcontroller. The developmental work involved the
design of the line follower and obstacle avoidance robot system using
two pairs of line follower circuits and five (5) ultrasonic sensors
circuits, including some supporting circuits. The better solution for
the line follower and obstacle avoidance functions are provided by using
four (4) pairs of LEDs for the receiver, line dependent resistor (LDR)
for the line tracking sensor, and five (5) ultrasonic sensors to detect
the obstacles. A mechanical structure and motor placement for the
electronic device has been fabricated that can perform functions of
sensing the obstacle and avoiding it. An 8051 microcontroller has been
programmed to control the robot’s movement and to respond accurately to
the sensor.
Redmann Provider moral distress in caring for tracheostomy and ventilator dependent children: A cross-sectional evaluation.
Authors: J Andrew Redmann , Hart Catherine , Smith Matthew , Martin Carrie , Borschuk Adrienne , E DonnaMaria Cortezzo , Benscoter Dan
Published: February 2023

Objective: To determine levels of moral distress in a pediatric
unit caring for patients with tracheostomy/ventilator dependence.
Hypothesis: Moral distress will be significant in a dedicated
pediatric trach/vent unit. Methods: The Moral Distress
Survey-Revised (MDS-R) is a 21-question survey measuring moral distress
in pediatrics. The MDS-R was anonymously distributed to MD/DOs, advanced
practice practitioners (APPs), RNs and RTs in a unit caring for
tracheostomy/ventilator dependent patients. Descriptive statistics,
bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Results:
Response rate was 48% (61/127). Mean MDS-R score was 83 (range 43-119),
which is comparable to reported levels in the pediatric intensive care
unit. APPs had the highest median rate of moral distress (112, IQR
72-138), while MD/DOs had the lowest median score (49, IQR 43-77). RNs
and RTs had MDS-R scores between these two groups (Medians of 91 and 84
respectively). Conclusions: Moral distress levels in a unit
caring for long term tracheostomy and ventilator dependent patients are
high, comparable to levels in pediatric ICUs. APPs had higher levels of
distress compared to other groups. This may be attributable to the
constant stressors of being the primary provider for complex patients,
especially in a high-volume inpatient setting.
The epidemiological and clinical characteristic of COVID-19 patients admitted to a Fangcang shelter hospital in Beijing before the change of China's prevention and control policy
Authors: Liu Qingquan , Xu Xiaolong , Jiang Hui , Li Maochen , Fan Huahao , Shi Yifan , Yan Yumeng , Li Xintong , Song Shuang , Zhao Chunxia , Zhao Chunming , Cen Chongpei , Li Bo , Shang Jvjv
Published: February 2023

Background: November 2022, a large number of Omicron infections
suddenly appeared in Beijing, but the epidemiological and clinical
characteristics of the epidemic cases are unknown. Methods: We
collected the data of COVID-19 cases in Fangcang hospital in Beijing
from November 20, 2022 to December 8, 2022, and analyzed the
epidemiological and clinical characteristics. We used descriptive
statistical methods to explore the basic characteristics, used
parametric distribution to calculate the time to events, and used ArcGIS
to explore the distribution patterns of COVID-19 cases in different
areas. Results: There were 1,307 COVID-19 cases in the Fangcang
shelter hospital enrolled the study, among which 85.9% were
asymptomatic and 14.1% were mild. Epidemiological data showed that the
transmission speed Omicron variant is fast and the transmission range is
wide, large-scale infections have occurred in both rural and urban
areas, and all age groups are susceptible to Omicron variant. In
addition, antipyretics and cough drugs were the two most commonly used
drugs, because 51.3% and 22.7% patients had fever and cough,
respectively, and 10.3% patients took hypnotics. Furthermore, the
proportion of patients with chronic diseases was low (13.9%), while the
vaccination rate (71.2%) was relatively high. Conclusion:
Based on the results of Fangcang shelter hospitals, we found that most
mild and asymptomatic cases did not need treatment, which indicates that
home isolation is correct and feasible. However, the transmission speed
Omicron variant is fast and the transmission range is wide, and all age
groups are susceptible to Omicron variant; therefore, the awareness of
prevention and control should not be relaxed.
The seroepidemiology of measles in Xi'an, China
Authors: Zheng Chunfu , Li Yan , Bai Yao , Zhang Siruo , Lu Tao , Han Lei , Han Yuewen , Yang Yujie , Xue Zerun , Kou Lingling , Yu Pengbo , Zhai Jinbo , Xi Yanli , Xue Mengzhou , Wu Rui , Ma Chaofeng
Published: February 2023

The number of measles cases reported worldwide has increased in recent
years, and in 2015, there was a measles outbreak in Xi’an, China.
However, the epidemiology of measles and the seroepidemiology of healthy
people after 2015 have not been fully understood. We collected fingertip
blood samples from healthy people around each suspected measles case in
Xi’an in 2016-2018 and tested IgG using ELISA. Eighty measles cases were
reported in Xi’an in 2016–2018, with an average annual incidence of
0.29 per 100,000 persons. Children aged ≤ 5 years and adults aged 25-29
accounted for a large proportion of measles cases. More than half of the
cases in the 0-year group were under 8 months. A total of 5476 blood
samples from healthy people were collected. Apart from 1-4 years and
over 40, other age groups’ seroprevalence was 93%. Our findings suggest
that the first vaccine shot should be administered at 6 months or
earlier, the second at 12 months, and the third at 10 years, and couples
prepared for [pregnancy](javascript:showjdsw(’showlj_1’,’lj_1’))
should be vaccinated with another dose. The findings may provide novel
insights into measles elimination.
Drainless minimally invasive parotidectomy with tissue sealant.
Authors: Chow Tam-Lin , Tsui Calvin , Lim Jeren
Published: February 2023

Abstract is not required if manuscript is submitted as Clinical
Experience.
High-cell-density production of adeno-associated viral vector serotype 6 by triple transfection in suspension HEK293 cell cultures
Authors: Moço Pablo , Xu Xingge , Kamen Amine
Published: February 2023

The use of adeno-associated viruses (AAV) as vectors for gene and cell
therapy has risen considerably in recent years. Consequently, the amount
of AAV vectors required during the validation and clinical trials has
also increased. AAV serotype 6 (AAV6) is well-documented for its
efficiency in transducing different cell types and has been successfully
used in gene and cell therapy protocols. However, the number of vectors
required to effectively deliver the transgene to one single cell has
been estimated at 106 viral genomes (VG). Overall, this means that
large-scale production of AAV6 is needed. Suspension cell-based
platforms are currently limited to low-cell-density productions,
hindering the potential of this production process to increase yields.
Here, we investigate the improvement of the production of AAV6 at higher
cell densities. The production was performed by transient transfection
of HEK293SF cells. When the plasmid DNA is provided on a cell basis, the
production can be carried out at medium cell density without effects on
cell-specific titer or particle functionality, resulting in titers above
1010 VG/mL. Medium supplementation alleviated the cell density effect,
in terms of VG/cell, at high-cell-density productions. On the other
hand, the cell-specific functional titer was not maintained, and further
studies are necessary to understand the observed limitations. The
medium-cell-density production method reported here lays the foundation
for large-scale process operations, potentially solving the current
vector shortage in AAV manufacturing.
The most common criminal offences among psychoactive drug addicts
Authors: Ratkovic Dragana , Knezevic Vladimir , Dickov Aleksandra , Maletin Miljen , Comic Masa
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Psychoactive drug addiction causes serious consequences in many
countries, not only for the health of the nation, but also for the emergence
of various social problems, such as high crime rates, delinquency and
unemployment. Material and Methods. A retrospective-prospective study
included data of 100 criminal offenders, drug addicts, gathered from
forensic psychiatric records in the context of criminal offences committed
by those persons. Results. Out of all the drug addicts who committed
criminal offences, 98% were males and the average age was 30.44. Most of the
offenders were unemployed and had a lower level of education. A total of 56%
were previously convicted. The majority of them previously committed one
felony. Compared to previous offences, new criminal offenses were against
life and body in 70%. Comorbid mental disorders were diagnosed among 84% of
examinees at the moment of committing a crime, and 60% had personality
disorders. The largest number of subjects with alcohol addiction primarily
make offenses against life and body, while those with substance addiction
usually commit offenses against human health. Conclusion. In drug addicts
who have committed criminal offences, it has been confirmed that gender,
age, employment, history of committing criminal acts and comorbid mental
disorders are criminogenic factors that are significant for the prediction
of general criminality. The continuity in researching predictive factors, as
well as crime prevention within the population with mental disorders is and
needs to remain a priority.
Self-assessment of the risk of sexually transmitted diseases
Authors: Bulovic Aleksandra , Djurica Jelena , Nisavic Milos , Andric Vanja
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Sexually transmitted diseases can be prevented, but it is
necessary to know how the infection is transmitted and be aware of the
possibility of infection that will lead to change in behavior. Regular
testing for sexually transmitted infections is also of crucial importance to
prevent its further spread and the development of complications of the
infection. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of risky
behaviors in the population of men who have sex with men, their
self-assessment of the risk of sexually transmitted diseases, as well as the
incidence of testing for these infections. Material and Methods. The study
was conducted in the territory of the City of Novi Sad in the population of
185 men who have sex with men. The research method was an anonymous online
survey that respondents filled out on a voluntary basis, with previously
provided information about the research. Results. Of the total number of
respondents, 39% claimed that they had unprotected sex with at least one
partner in the previous year. Among the respondents who had unprotected sex
in the past year, only 12% believe that they are at high risk of sexually
transmitted diseases, and 42% of them have not been tested for sexually
transmitted diseases in the past year. Conclusion. In conclusion, a large
number of untested people practice risky sex and have a poor perception of
the risk of sexually transmitted diseases. The common reason for not getting
tested is fear or lack of information about testing.