bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age-at-onset and association with clinical features in bipolar inpatients: A case-records-based study from a tertiary hospital in eastern part of Nepal
Authors: Adhikari B.R. , Mishra S.K. , Nepal S. , Basnet M.
Published: September 2017

Introduction: There are suggestions that age-at-onset (AAO) of bipolar disorder may differ geographically and (AAO) may influence the clinical characteristics. Lack of any published data from eastern part of Nepal prompted this studyObjective: The aim of the study was to find the mean AAO in admitted patients in a tertiary care hospital from eastern part of Nepal and to study the association of clinical variables with AAO.Method: Retrospective analysis was done of bipolar in-patients’ case-records (N=229) who were discharged from 2012 to 2014. Diagnosis was based on International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines, tenth version (ICD-10). All variables from files were noted in a Performa prepared by the department for the purpose. Mean AAO was determined. The association of early-onset (below or equal to 18 years of age) and late-onset (later than 18 years) with clinical variables (comorbidity, family history, lifetime presence of psychosis and suicidal attempts) was assessed with Chi-Square test (0.05).Result: Mean AAO was 23.97 (SD 8.7) years. AAO was significantly associated with comorbidity and not significantly associated with family history of bipolar disorder, lifetime presence of psychotic symptoms or suicidal attempt(s).Conclusion: AAO and comorbidity are associated. Present findings need to be seen with the limitation of the study.
Caregiver burden and coping strategies in schizophrenia: a hospital based study
Authors: Mishra S.K. , Pandey A.K. , Adhikari B.R. , Nepal S.
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness which not only affects the patients but also causes significant distress to the caregivers, who use various strategies to minimize their distress. It is important to know about their suffering in order to include them in the treatment program.Objective: To assess the severity of burden and coping strategies among the caregiversMethod: 36 admitted cases of patients and their caregivers were enrolled. Patients were assessed using PANSS while caregivers were assessed using BAS and COPE Inventory.Result: 47.2% caregivers reported suffering from severe burden. The most severely affected areas were physical and mental health, taking responsibility, caregiver's routine and patient's behavior. Caregivers used both problem oriented and emotion oriented strategy to minimize the distress. The choice of coping strategy and severity of burden was not influenced by the patient's symptoms.Conclusion: Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia suffered from significant burden and require additional care to help them alleviate their problems.
A Comparative Personality Profile Study Between Bipolar-affective disorders (Mania) and Normal control group
Authors: Kumar R. , Singh A.R.
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Personality is the important core feature and identification of an individual. Some factors in personality may be vulnerable for psychiatric illness.Objective: To compare Personality profile of Bipolar Affective Dirosder with Normal control group.Method: 30 male patients diagnosed as Bipolar affective disorder (mania) and 30 normal male were included in the study, with the aim to determine the comparison of personality characteristic of Bipolar affective disorder (Mania) and Normal control group. Each individual was given the inform consent response than collected Socio demographic and Clinical data sheet after that Young mania rating scale and 16 personality factor was applied for data collection.Result: Present study explore that the Manic (BAD) groups of subject differ significantly on all the factors except Q4 from normal controls. Higher mean scores on factor Q4 means that manic (BAD) are tense, restless, fretful & driven, extremely high tension level was disrupt school and work performance.Conclusion: Both the groups differentiated significantly on all the factors except Q4. The mean score obtained by normal control has higher in comparison of BAD-manic category.
Attempted Suicide Pact by Married couple: A Case Study
Authors: Risal A.
Published: September 2017

Suicide pact or a double suicide refers to the joint, actively induced death of two individuals at approximately the same time by mutual consent. News regarding these incidents is often found in media though scarcely published in medical literature. We report a psychiatric case history of a couple who attempted a suicide pact.
Endocarditis caused by an oral taxon species of Bergeyella identified by partial 16S rDNA sequencing: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Clark Lauren , Parkins Michael D , Chow Barbara L , Lynch Tarah , Church Deirdre
Published: September 2017

Bergeyella spp bacteremia is a rare cause of infective endocarditis and is typically associated with animal contact. This case report presents a case of culture-negative endocarditis caused by Bergeyella spp oral taxon 422 in a 49-year-old man with severe periodontal disease but no animal contact. Multiple sets of blood cultures were negative, but broad-range 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing repeatedly detected this organism in the patient’s bloodstream. Empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment against Bergeyella spp resulted in resolution of clinical symptoms, resolution of bloodstream infection, and cure. This is the first human case of endocarditis caused by an oral-associated species of Bergeyella described in the literature. Culture-negative endocarditis due to Bergeyella spp from severe periodontal disease may be missed unless molecular detection methods are used.
Brucella suis as a cause of late prosthetic joint infection: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Turvey Shannon , Hui Catherine , Tyrrell Gregory , Singh Ameeta E
Published: September 2017

Human brucellosis has been described as an extremely rare cause of prosthetic joint infection. This case report describes a case of a late prosthetic joint infection caused by Brucella suis and reviews other published cases of Brucella prosthetic joint infection. This is the first reported case of B. suis causing prosthetic joint infection. The patient was treated successfully with a 2-stage surgical approach combined with 2 weeks of IV aminoglycoside and 12 weeks of oral doxycycline and rifampin. This case illustrates the importance of considering Brucella species as an infrequent cause of prosthetic joint infection in areas of disease endemicity. In particular, Brucella should be considered when a history of animal exposure or consumption of raw meat or unpasteurized dairy products is elicited.
An interesting case of transcutaneous aspiration of myocardial abscess
Authors: Surette Alexi , Ghaly Ahmed , Francoeur Luc , Dow Gordon
Published: September 2017

An 81-year-old woman presented with fever, hypotension, rapid atrial fibrillation, and congestive heart failure. She had no localizing symptoms of infection and physical examination was unremarkable. She had a marked leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein with negative blood, urine, and stool cultures. Evaluation with an Indium-labelled white blood cell scan demonstrated a rim-enhancing collection involving the inferior left ventricular wall and inter-ventricular septum, compatible with a myocardial abscess. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage of the abscess was cultured, subsequently growing Listeria monocytogenes. Diagnosing bacterial myocarditis/abscess is challenging because of the non-specific clinical presentation of this infection; historically, most cases have been diagnosed post-mortem. The requirement for specialized imaging and the need to obtain tissue biopsy (myocarditis) or abscess fluid for definitive diagnosis are further challenges to diagnosis. The use of nuclear medicine imaging and obtaining culture of the abscess were essential to making the correct diagnosis and ensuring appropriate management of this case.
Use of Short Animal-Themed Videos to Enhance Veterinary Students' Mood, Attention, and Understanding of Pharmacology Lectures
Authors: Kogan Lori R. , Hellyer Peter W. , Clapp Tod R. , Suchman Erica , McLean Jennifer , Schoenfeld-Tacher Regina
Published: September 2017

Professional DVM training is inherently stressful and challenging for students. This study evaluated a simple intervention—short breaks during a veterinary pharmacology lecture course in the form of funny/cute animal videos (Mood Induction Procedures, or MIP)—to assess for potential impact on students' mood, interest in material, and perceived understanding of material. Ten YouTube video clips showing cats or dogs were selected to influence students' affective states. The videos were shown in a required pharmacology class offered during the fall semester of the second year of the DVM program at a large, land-grant institution in the western US. The student cohort consisted of 133 students (20 males, 113 females). Twenty days of the course were randomly chosen for the study and ranged from weeks 2 to 13 of the semester. Sessions in which the videos were played were alternated with sessions in which no video was played, for a total of 10 video days and 10 control days. There were significant differences in all three post-class assessment measures between the experimental (video) days and the control days. Results suggest that showing short cute animal videos in the middle of class positively affected students' mood, interest in material, and self-reported understanding of material. While the results of this study are limited to one student cohort at one institution, the ease of implementation of the technique and relatively low stakes support incorporation of the MIP technique across a variety of basic and clinical science courses.
Brainstem pilocytic astrocytoma with H3 K27M mutation: case report
Authors: Morita Shuhei , Nitta Masayuki , Muragaki Yoshihiro , Komori Takashi , Masui Kenta , Maruyama Takashi , Ichimura Koichi , Nakano Yoshiko , Sawada Tatsuo , Koriyama Shunichi , Tsuzuki Shunsuke , Yasuda Takayuki , Hashimoto Kazutoshi , Niwa Akihiro , Kawamata Takakazu
Published: September 2017

In this report, the authors present the first case of adult brainstem pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) with the H3 K27M mutation. A 53-year-old man was incidentally found to have a 2.5-cm partially enhanced tumor in the tectum on MRI. The enhancement in the lesion increased over 3 years, and gross-total removal was performed via the occipital transtentorial approach. The resected tissue indicated PA, WHO Grade I, and genetic analysis revealed the H3 K27M mutation. However, although the radiological, surgical, and pathological findings all corresponded to PA, this entity can easily be misdiagnosed as diffuse midline glioma with the H3 K27M mutation, which is classified as a WHO Grade IV tumor according to the updated classification. This case highlights the phenotypic spectrum of PA, as well as the biology of the H3 K27M–mutated gliomas, and may prove to be an exception to the rule that diffuse midline gliomas with the H3 K27M mutation behave in an aggressive manner. Based on the findings of this case, the authors conclude that, in addition to detecting the existence of the H3 K27M mutation, an integrated approach in which a combination of clinical, pathological, and genetic information is used should be applied for accurate diagnosis and determination of the appropriate treatment for diffuse midline gliomas.
An Analytical Solution for Block Toppling Failure of Rock Slopes during an Earthquake
Authors: Guo Songfeng , Qi Shengwen , Yang Guoxiang , Zhang Shishu , Saroglou Charalampos
Published: September 2017

Toppling failure is one of the most common failure types in the field. It always occurs in rock masses containing a group of dominant discontinuities dipping into the slope. Post-earthquake investigation has shown that many toppling rock slope failures have occurred during earthquakes. In this study, an analytical solution is presented on the basis of limit equilibrium analysis. The acceleration of seismic load as well as joint persistence within the block base, were considered in the analysis. The method was then applied into a shake table test of an anti-dip layered slope model. As predicted from the analytical method, blocks topple or slide from slope crest to toe progressively and the factor of safety decreases as the inputting acceleration increases. The results perfectly duplicate the deformation features and stability condition of the physical model under the shake table test. It is shown that the presented method is more universal than the original one and can be adopted to evaluate the stability of the slope with potential toppling failure under seismic loads.
Development of Sliding Mode Controller for a Modified Boost Ćuk Converter Configuration
Authors: Padmanaban Sanjeevikumar , Ozsoy Emre , Fedák Viliam , Blaabjerg Frede
Published: September 2017

This paper introduces a sliding mode control (SMC)-based equivalent control method to a novel high output gain Ćuk converter. An additional inductor and capacitor improves the efficiency and output gain of the classical Ćuk converter. Classical proportional integral (PI) controllers are widely used in direct current to direct current (DC-DC) converters. However, it is a very challenging task to design a single PI controller operating in different loads and disturbances. An SMC-based equivalent control method which achieves a robust operation in a wide operation range is also proposed. Switching frequency is kept constant in appropriate intervals at different loading and disturbance conditions by implementing a dynamic hysteresis control method. Numerical simulations conducted in MATLAB/Simulink confirm the accuracy of analysis of high output gain modified Ćuk converter. In addition, the proposed equivalent control method is validated in different perturbations to demonstrate robust operation in wide operation range.
The Monetary Valuation of Lifetime Health Improvement and Life Expectancy Gains in Turkey
Authors: Ara Shihomi , Tekeşin Cem
Published: September 2017

The main objective of this study is to estimate the monetary value of the gains of healthy days and life expectancy due to the ambient air quality standard that came into effect in 2014 by estimating the country-specific value of a life year (VOLY) and the value of the healthier and longer life (VHLL) for Turkey. Contingent valuation method is adopted to reveal individuals’ willingness to pay for an improvement of health condition and the extension of their life expectancy by avoiding respiratory and lung related illnesses. VHLL is composed of two parts, WTP for an extension of one’s life years (VOLY) and for an increase in the number of healthy days throughout one’s life time (VHLL-VOLY). We found that close to 80% of WTP is allocated to the latter component of VHLL and only 20% is for VOLY mainly due to Islamic beliefs of the respondents. A total of 1314 observations are collected by face-to-face interviews from Afsin-Elbistan, Kutahya-Tavsanli and Ankara. The estimated VHLL and VOLY are [41,750 TL, 10,258 TL] with all the observations, [30,185 TL, 7132 TL] for Afsin-Elbistan, [31,718 TL, 7081 TL] for Kutahya-Tavsanli and [52,334 TL, 14,813 TL] for Ankara. The Inverse-U shaped relationship between Age and WTP is confirmed. The income elasticities of WTP is found to be close to 0.5 for all study areas while an Inverse-U shaped relationship between the household income and Income Elasticity of WTP is observed in the income group based analysis. Age and household income are the two prominent determinants of VHLL.
Remote Sensing for Mineral Exploration in Central Portugal
Authors: Manuel Ricardo , Brito Maria , Chichorro Martim , Rosa Carlos
Published: September 2017

Central Portugal is well known for the existence of Sn-W and Au-Ag mineral occurrences primarily associated with hydrothermal processes. Despite the economic and strategic importance of such occurrences, the detailed geology of this particular region is poorly known and there is an obvious absence of geological mapping at an adequate scale. Remote sensing techniques were used in order to increase current geological knowledge of the Góis–Castanheira de Pêra area (600 km2) and to guide future exploration stages by targeting and prioritising potential locations. Digital image processing algorithms, such as Red, Green, Blue (RGB) colour composites, digital spatial filters, band ratios and Principal Components Analysis, were applied to Landsat 8 imagery and elevation data. Lineaments were extracted relying on geological photointerpretation criteria, allowing the identification of new geological–structural elements. Fieldwork was carried out in order to validate the remote sensing interpretations. Integration of remote sensing data with other information sources led to the definition of locations possibly suitable for hosting Sn-W and Au-Ag mineral occurrences. These areas were ranked according to their mineral potential. Targeting the most promising locations resulted in a reduction to less than 10% of the original study area (50.5 km2).
Fabrication of Antimicrobial Peptide-Loaded PLGA/Chitosan Composite Microspheres for Long-Acting Bacterial Resistance
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Na Rongwei , Wang Xiumei , Liu Huiying , Zhao Lingyun , Sun Xiaodan , Ma Guowu , Cui Fuzhai
Published: September 2017

An antimicrobial decapeptide, KSL-W (KKVVFWVKFK-CONH2), which could maintain stable antimicrobial activity in saliva, has therefore been widely used to inhibit biofilm formation on teeth and prevent the growth of oral microorganisms for related infectious diseases treatment. In order to control the release of KSL-W for long-term bacterial resistance, KSL-W-loaded PLGA/chitosan composite microspheres (KSL/PLGA/CS MSs) were prepared by electrospraying and combined crosslinking-emulsion methods. Different formulations of microspheres were characterized as to surface morphology, size distribution, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release, and antimicrobial activity. Antibacterial experiment demonstrated the prolonged antimicrobial and inhibitory effects of KSL/PLGA/CS MSs on oral bacteria. Moreover, the cell proliferation assay proved that the released KSL-W antibacterial dosage had no cytotoxicity to the growth of osteoblast MC3T3-E1. Thus, our study suggested that the KSL-W-loaded PLGA/CS composite microspheres may have potentially therapeutic applications as an effective drug delivery system in the treatment of oral infectious diseases such as periodontitis and periodontitis, and also within bone graft substitutes for alveolar bone augmentation.
Anti-Inflammatory Thioredoxin Family Proteins for Medicare, Healthcare and Aging Care
Authors: Yodoi Junji , Matsuo Yoshiyuki , Tian Hai , Masutani Hiroshi , Inamoto Takashi
Published: September 2017

Human thioredoxin (TRX) is a 12-kDa protein with redox-active dithiol in the active site -Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys-, which is induced by biological stress due to oxidative damage, metabolic dysfunction, chemicals, infection/inflammation, irradiation, or hypoxia/ischemia-reperfusion. Our research has demonstrated that exogenous TRX is effective in a wide variety of inflammatory diseases, including viral pneumonia, acute lung injury, gastric injury, and dermatitis, as well as in the prevention and amelioration of food allergies. Preclinical and clinical studies using recombinant TRX (rhTRX) are now underway. We have also identified substances that induce the expression of TRX in the body, in vegetables and other plant ingredients. Skincare products are being developed that take advantage of the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic action of TRX. Furthermore, we are currently engaged in the highly efficient production of pure rhTRX in several plants, such as lettuce, grain and rice.
Choline and Choline alphoscerate Do Not Modulate Inflammatory Processes in the Rat Brain
Authors: Tayebati Seyed , Martinelli Ilenia , Moruzzi Michele , Amenta Francesco , Tomassoni Daniele
Published: September 2017

Choline is involved in relevant neurochemical processes. In particular, it is the precursor and metabolite of acetylcholine (ACh). Choline is an essential component of different membrane phospholipids that are involved in intraneuronal signal transduction. On the other hand, cholinergic precursors are involved in ACh release and carry out a neuroprotective effect based on an anti-inflammatory action. Based on these findings, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of choline and choline precursor (Choline alphoscerate, GPC) in the modulation of inflammatory processes in the rat brain. Male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally treated with 87 mg of choline chloride/kg/day (65 mg/kg/day of choline), and at choline-equivalent doses of GPC (150 mg/kg/day) and vehicle for two weeks. The brains were dissected and used for immunochemical and immunohistochemical analysis. Inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-1β, IL-1β; Interleukin-6 , IL-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, TNF-α) and endothelial adhesion molecules (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule, ICAM-1 and Vascular cell Adhesion Molecule, VCAM-1) were studied in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. The results clearly demonstrated that treatment with choline or GPC did not affect the expression of the inflammatory markers in the different cerebral areas evaluated. Therefore, choline and GPC did not stimulate the inflammatory processes that we assessed in this study.
Normative Virtue Theory in Theological Ethics
Authors: Austin Nicholas
Published: September 2017

What place is there for virtue theory in theological ethics? Many question the normative significance of virtue theory in theological ethics today, leaving it to rule-based ethics to provide action-guidance. There are three key objections to the normativity of virtue theory: that virtue theory is about agents rather than actions, that virtue theory has nothing to say directly about the morality of actions, and that the virtues are too vague to be of normative or action-guiding significance. This essay, drawing on Thomas Aquinas’s account of virtue, challenges these perceptions and argues for a genuinely normative, action-guiding virtue theory within theological ethics. Theological ethics, in turn, can contribute to virtue theory, especially by its emphasis on the ecstatic nature of mature moral virtue, and through its reflection on the virtue of spiritual discernment.
Comparison of Electrochemical Concentration Cell Ozonesonde and Microwave Limb Sounder Satellite Remote Sensing Ozone Profiles for the Center of the South Asian High
Authors: Shi Chunhua , Zhang Chenxin , Guo Dong
Published: September 2017

To further verify the ozone profile reliability of satellite remote sensing for the ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau in the core area of the South Asian high in summer, we validate the ozone products from the microwave limb sounder (MLS) onboard the Aura satellite over the Tibetan plateau using electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde data of 2016 for Ngari, Tibet. The MLS version four ozone profiles have lower standard deviation in the middle stratosphere (38–10 hPa), whereas the ozonesonde profiles have lower standard deviation in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere region (200–83 hPa). There are statistically significant differences between these two datasets in most of the stratosphere (10–83 hPa). The mean value of MLS ozone is about 0.8–1.5 mPa greater than that of ECC ozone, which corresponds to a relative deviation of 59 ± 24% at 83 hPa, 24 ± 13% at 68 hPa, 20 ± 5% at 56 hPa, 14 ± 4% at 46 hPa and 38 hPa, and 9 ± 4% in the layers between 32 and 10 hPa. However, there is no statistically significant difference between the two datasets in the upper troposphere (100–200 hPa).
Evaluating Degradation at Railway Crossings Using Axle Box Acceleration Measurements
Authors: Wei Zilong , Núñez Alfredo , Li Zili , Dollevoet Rolf
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we investigate the capability of an axle box acceleration (ABA) system to evaluate the degradation at railway crossings. For this purpose, information from multiple sensors, namely, ABA signals, 3D rail profiles, Global Positioning System (GPS) and tachometer recordings, was collected from both nominal and degraded crossings. By proper correlation of the gathered data, an algorithm was proposed to distinguish the characteristic ABA related to the degradation and then to evaluate the health condition of crossings. The algorithm was then demonstrated on a crossing with an unknown degradation status, and its capability was verified via a 3D profile measurement. The results indicate that the ABA system is effective at monitoring two types of degradations. The first type is uneven deformation between the wing rail and crossing nose, corresponding to characteristic ABA frequencies of 230–350 and 460–650 Hz. The second type is local irregularity in the longitudinal slope of the crossing nose, corresponding to characteristic ABA frequencies of 460–650 Hz. The types and severity of the degradation can be evaluated by the spatial distribution and energy concentration of the characteristic frequencies of the ABA signals.
Ultrathin Tungsten Oxide Nanowires/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites for Toluene Sensing
Authors: Hassan Muhammad , Wang Zhi-Hua , Huang Wei-Ran , Li Min-Qiang , Liu Jian-Wei , Chen Jia-Fu
Published: September 2017

Graphene-based composites have gained great attention in the field of gas sensor fabrication due to their higher surface area with additional functional groups. Decorating one-dimensional (1D) semiconductor nanomaterials on graphene also show potential benefits in gas sensing applications. Here we demonstrate the one-pot and low cost synthesis of W18O49 NWs/rGO composites with different amount of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) which show excellent gas-sensing properties towards toluene and strong dependence on their chemical composition. As compared to pure W18O49 NWs, an improved gas sensing response (2.8 times higher) was achieved in case of W18O49 NWs composite with 0.5 wt. % rGO. Promisingly, this strategy can be extended to prepare other nanowire based composites with excellent gas-sensing performance.
Investigating Online Destination Images Using a Topic-Based Sentiment Analysis Approach
Authors: Ren Gang , Hong Taeho
Published: September 2017

With the development of Web 2.0, many studies have tried to analyze tourist behavior utilizing user-generated contents. The primary purpose of this study is to propose a topic-based sentiment analysis approach, including a polarity classification and an emotion classification. We use the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model to extract topics from online travel review data and analyze the sentiments and emotions for each topic with our proposed approach. The top frequent words are extracted for each topic from online reviews on Ctrip.com. By comparing the relative importance of each topic, we conclude that many tourists prefer to provide “suggestion” reviews. In particular, we propose a new approach to classify the emotions of online reviews at the topic level utilizing an emotion lexicon, focusing on specific emotions to analyze customer complaints. The results reveal that attraction “management” obtains most complaints. These findings may provide useful insights for the development of attractions and the measurement of online destination image. Our proposed method can be used to analyze reviews from many online platforms and domains.
Task-Oriented and Relationship-Building Communications between Air Traffic Controllers and Pilots
Authors: Kang Inwon , Han Shin , Lee Jiwon
Published: September 2017

By questioning the lopsided attention on task-oriented factors in air traffic controller-pilot communication, the current study places an equal weighting on both task-oriented and relationship-building communications, and investigates how each type of communication influences sustainable performance in airline operation team. Results show that both task-oriented and relationship-building communications in terms of sustainability of team process predicted greater communication satisfaction at work. Also, both task interdependence and shared leadership influenced both types of air traffic controller-pilot communication. However, only relationship-building communication had a direct influence on perceived work performance whereas task-oriented communication had not. Along with task-oriented factors, this study raises the relationship-oriented factors as important resources for the sustainable team performance in airline industry.
Phosphorus Retention by Fly Ash Amended Filter Media in Aged Bioretention Cells
Authors: Kandel Saroj , Vogel Jason , Penn Chad , Brown Glenn
Published: September 2017

Bioretention cells (BRCs) have shown potential for storm water quantity and quality control. However, the phosphorus (P) removal in BRC has been variable due to differences of soil properties in filter media. The objectives of this research were to identify and evaluate P accumulation in filter media and to quantify effluent P reduction in BRC. Each cell has a sand and fly ash media designed to remove phosphorous. Filter media were collected in 2014 across the cell surface and to a depth of 0.6 m to quantify the P accumulation. The mean total P (T-P) concentration increased over the seven years of operation, but the changes were not statistically significant. The average Mehlich-3 P (M3-P) and water-soluble P (WS-P) concentrations in the media profiles showed higher P accumulation in the top 0.15 m. The average M3-P and WS-P concentrations between 0.15 m to 0.30 m, and 0.30 m to 0.60 m were variable on all four BRCs media. The media with 5% fly ash significantly retained M3-P and WS-P over the top 0.15 m. Stormwater influent and effluent samples from three of the BRCs monitored over one year showed reductions in both P concentration (68% to 75%) and P mass (76% to 93%).
Spatial and Temporal Variability of Bank Erosion during the Period 1930–2016: Case Study—Kolubara River Basin (Serbia)
Authors: Dragićević Slavoljub , Pripužić Mirjana , Živković Nenad , Novković Ivan , Kostadinov Stanimir , Langović Marko , Milojković Boban , Čvorović Zoran
Published: September 2017

The fluvial process is characterized by an intense meandering riverbed. The aim of this study was to perform a reconstruction of the lateral migration of a 15 km length of an active meandering river during the period 1930–2016. River morphological changes were analyzed and quantified from cadastral maps and aerial photographs as well as by geodetic survey and GIS. Hydrological characteristics and extreme hydrological events were evaluated in relation to bank erosion rate. The rate of bank erosion was markedly different from the long-term studied meanders, just like in the short-term period. During the 87 years of observation (from 1930 to 2016), the length of the Kolubara River was enlarged by 3.44 km. The average migration rate of the Kolubara River for monitored meanders in the period 1930–2010 was 1.9 m·year−1, while in the period 2010–2016, the average migration rate was 3.3 m·year−1. The rate of bank erosion was more intensive across the entire short-term period than during the longer period, and the maximum annual rate of bank erosion during the period 2010–2016 varied between 0.3 and 11.5 m. It is very likely that in the period from 2010, frequent discharge variations and rapid change of its extreme values caused more intensive bank erosion. These research results will be valuable for river channel management, engineering (soft and hard engineering), and planning purposes (predicting changes in river channel form) in the Kolubara River Basin.
Characterization of 31 microsatellite markers for Sinocalycanthus chinensis (Calycanthaceae), an endemic endangered species1
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Yan , Jin Ze‐Xin , Li Jian‐Hui , Li Yuan‐Yuan
Published: September 2017

Premise of the study:

Thirty‐one microsatellite markers were developed for Sinocalycanthus chinensis (Calycanthaceae), an endemic endangered species in China.

Methods and Results:

Twenty‐one polymorphic and 10 monomorphic microsatellite markers of S. chinensis were developed using methods of biotin‐streptavidin capture and capillary electrophoresis. The number of alleles per locus was one to 20 with an average of 4.677 in 90 individuals taken from two populations in Zhejiang Province and one population in Anhui Province in China. Mean observed and expected heterozygosity across all three populations were 0.403 ± 0.061 (0.033–1.000 per locus) and 0.510 ± 0.043 (0.032–0.797 per locus), respectively. Of these 31 loci, 29 were successfully amplified in Calycanthus floridus.

Conclusions:

These microsatellite markers will be useful for studies of population genetic diversity and phylogeny of S. chinensis and C. floridus.
Generation Mechanisms of Quasi-parallel and Quasi-circular Flare Ribbons in a Confined Flare
Authors: Hernandez-Perez Aaron , Thalmann Julia K. , Veronig Astrid M. , Su Yang , Gömöry Peter , Dickson Ewan C.
Published: September 2017

We analyze a confined multiple-ribbon M2.1 flare (SOL2015-01-29T11:42) that originated from a fan-spine coronal magnetic field configuration, within active region NOAA 12268. The observed ribbons form in two steps. First, two primary ribbons form at the main flare site, followed by the formation of secondary ribbons at remote locations. We observe a number of plasma flows at extreme-ultraviolet temperatures during the early phase of the flare (as early as 15 minutes before the onset) propagating toward the formation site of the secondary ribbons. The secondary ribbon formation is co-temporal with the arrival of the pre-flare generated plasma flows. The primary ribbons are co-spatial with Ramaty High Energy Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) hard X-ray sources, whereas no enhanced X-ray emission is detected at the secondary ribbon sites. The (E)UV emission, associated with the secondary ribbons, peaks ∼1 minute after the last RHESSI hard X-ray enhancement. A nonlinear force-free model of the coronal magnetic field reveals that the secondary flare ribbons are not directly connected to the primary ribbons, but to regions nearby. Detailed analysis suggests that the secondary brightenings are produced due to dissipation of kinetic energy of the plasma flows (heating due to compression), and not due to non-thermal particles accelerated by magnetic reconnection, as is the case for the primary ribbons.
La transmission du hip-hop
Authors: Jesu Louis
Published: September 2017

Cet article décrit les modalités pratiques selon lesquelles la transmission des disciplines du hip-hop se déroule dans des associations spécialisées situées dans des quartiers populaires. En s’appuyant sur les résultats d’une enquête de terrain en région parisienne, on montre d’abord que cet encadrement contribue à circonscrire la pratique du hip-hop aux jeunes habitants des quartiers populaires. On montre ensuite que la transmission prend la forme d’un « encadrement d’ouverture » paradoxal, qui oscille entre proximité avec la « culture des rues », bonne volonté culturelle et rigueur professionnelle.
Expériences sociojudiciaires et sorties de délinquance
Authors: Gaïa Alice
Published: September 2017

À partir de quarante récits de vie d’individus ayant été pris en charge par la Protection judiciaire de la jeunesse, cet article propose d’explorer l’influence des expériences juvéniles socio-judiciaires – souvent ignorées ou confuses dans les récits – dans les processus de sorties de délinquance (ou de désistance). Après avoir évoqué la complexité de ces processus à travers leur caractère dynamique et plurifactoriel, il s’agit d’analyser le rôle de deux turning points dans les trajectoires de désistance : le vécu de l’enfermement, en tant qu’expérience institutionnelle, et la rencontre d’un·e professionnel·le, en tant qu’expérience « désinstitutionnalisée ».
Le quotidien à la crèche d’enfants en grandes difficultés développementales et la place des professionnels dans le soutien au développement
Authors: Tissier Joan , Sané Bénédicte , Drozdowski Géraldine , Kpakpo Joëlle , Chapelle Marine , Hermet Michèle
Published: September 2017

Dans ce travail, les auteurs ont souhaité réfléchir, a posteriori , à des accueils qu’elles ont menés, en crèche, auprès d’enfants confrontés à d’importants troubles du développement. Par l’illustration de deux accueils et d’une présentation de l’entretien d’annonce aux parents des difficultés repérées à la crèche, les auteurs ont dégagé des éléments qui leur sont apparus comme des appuis au développement de l’enfant et des pistes de réflexion pour les accompagnements futurs.
La fonction de garde-barrière (le gatekeeping ) des professionnels envers les pères : une puissante influence sur le développement de l’enfant et sur la famille
Authors: Frascarolo-Moutinot France , Feinberg Mark , Sznitman Gillian Albert , Favez Nicolas
Published: September 2017

Après quelques mots sur le rôle du père et sur le gatekeeping maternel, qui régule l’engagement paternel, ce papier a pour objectif d’inviter à réfléchir sur le rôle des professionnels dans ce processus, qui généralement restreint l’implication des pères et peut avoir des conséquences néfastes non seulement pour le développement de l’enfant, mais aussi pour le fonctionnement familial dans son ensemble.
Préoccupations des femmes enceintes à l’égard de l’alimentation, du poids et de la silhouette et conduites alimentaires inadéquates : une étude exploratoire
Authors: Desmecht Stéphanie , Achim Julie , Meilleur Dominique , Simard Valérie , Couturier François , Bisaillon Claude
Published: September 2017

BUT : Évaluer les attitudes et conduites alimentaires inadéquates (ACAI) des femmes enceintes, identifier la prévalence de trouble des conduites alimentaires (TCA) et vérifier si la présence d’ACAI varie en fonction de leur histoire de grossesse et de vie. MÉTHODE : Le Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q5) et un questionnaire sociodémographique ont été administrés à 50 participantes. RÉSULTATS : Aucun TCA n’a été identifié chez les femmes interrogées. Certaines rapportent des ACAI s’apparentant à un TCA. Des éléments de l’histoire de grossesse et de vie y sont associés. CONCLUSION : Des recommandations sont émises pour favoriser un dépistage précoce d’ACAI et de TCA durant la grossesse.
CRACK HEALING UTILISING BACTERIAL SPORES IN CONCRETE
Authors: Richardson Alan , Amess Leon , Neville Simon , Walton Christopher
Published: September 2017

This self repair system is based upon harmless ground borne bacteria as the self-healing agent. The bacteria are activated after the concrete is cracked and the bacterial spores are exposed to moisture and air. The bacterial reproduction process creates a calcite by-product which fills the cracks in the concrete. By sealing the cracks in concrete, an effective barrier to air or liquid borne deleterious materials are formed and as a consequence of this, enhanced durability is achieved in the structure, resulting in lower life cycle costs.

The concrete/mortar prisms were cracked and tested for water flow. They were then left for 56 days to heal and were subject to a test for water tightness. Healing was observed and a reduced water flow (74% and 32% healed) measured with the healed samples when compared to the specimens that were cracked and subjected to a water flow test without any healing agent. The number of samples were limited and a larger scale test is recommended for further work; however, this is a proof of concept of the process of healing and testing.
MAXIMIZING RESTORATION SUCCESS WHEN THE GOOD GROUND IS GONE
Authors: Zimmerman Alex
Published: September 2017

INTRODUCTION

“The good ground is gone” often refers to the challenging nature of construction sites these days. Building on steeper slopes and within tighter boundaries while accelerating construction schedules is adding to the challenge of construction managers. Often the revegetation and restoration is unfortunately not planned or timed for successful long-term vegetation success. Site soil conditions are frequently overlooked and the timing necessary for seed germination, expression, and establishment are rarely factors in determining the schedule of seeding applications for optimum results. All too often less than desired results or failure is the accepted outcome. This will increase the future maintenance costs and encourage the repeated “finger pointing” while seeking to blame one cause or another. Typically, this often-repeated process fails to address the fundamental causes and thereby rarely fixes the problems moving forward. In an effort to break out of this all too often repeated cycle, let's break down the principle challenges and explore options for successful restoration of challenging sites.

Successful, long-term revegetation starts with the soil. Without quality soil that takes years to accumulate naturally, revegetation efforts regularly fail or the outcomes are less than ideal. During construction, mining, and general land disturbing activities the soil will be degraded even while practicing the best topsoil harvesting and stock-piling management practices. Many areas where vegetation is desired are essentially mineral without any organic matter or biological activity. When available, stockpiled topsoil will also degrade; the environment within the pile will create conditions that microbes, essential for plant health, will be negatively affected. The longer the stripped soils are stockpiled, the more living organisms are lost. Recommendations and even requirements for limiting the depth of the pile to reduce the loss of beneficial microbes is rarely possible given the tight boundaries of project limits facing site operators. When the stockpile depth is able to be minimized, the pile must also be turned regularly to reduce the loss of the essential nutrient cycling microbiome present in healthy soils.
POST OCCUPANCY EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE SCHOOLS AND CHILDREN'S WAYS OF KNOWING: NEW DIRECTIONS IN TEACHING AND RESEARCH
Authors: Wheeler Andrea
Published: September 2017

INTRODUCTION

Architecture is now more than ever dominated by scientific method. This paper examines what is really at stake when designing sustainable architecture. It is a methodological study and focused on science as understood in Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) of sustainable buildings, specifically school buildings. Questions raised in this paper include the very real problem of designing for children’s comfort and education in school architecture, but also much wider issues than simply those of the design of children’s environments.

Children's ways of knowing, thinking and feeling, represent the antithesis of what might be considered reliable feedback about the performance of a building. Children are not considered to have the same status as adult human beings; the truth of their experience, their understanding of reality, the reliability of their data, is in question. Diverse ways of constructing knowledge are recognized by researchers, even in the field of construction, but even from the perspective of contemporary architectural theory, working with children tends to be seen as the extreme of what is possible in the co-production of knowledge. Children's contribution and their right to research has dubious significance for many, but the problem exposes a conflict between different world views at stake in design for a community, especially a community as extensive as that for a school, and for scientific method which is at the forefront of research in sustainable design and building evaluation.

Green or sustainable schools are an important site from which to explore the broad questions of changing social behaviors, inclusivity and difference–as well as the more usual reductions in energy efficiency and innovation in material production. Building performance studies, including post-occupancy evaluations (POE), are increasingly taking into account not only the performance of buildings, in terms of energy and water efficiency, but also the behavioral and social dimensions of sustainability, in order to assess the actuality of sustainable buildings, rather than simply design intent. Within the field of construction research, scholars are increasingly challenging methods adopted to collect performance data, questioning tools and measures, and highlighting the complexity of the impact of any building in its environment, including its social or economic contexts. Innovative ethnographic and art-based research methodologies are being adopted as examples of new ways to examine building users' relationship to their environments and this has included building contractors' experiences (Pink et al 2010). Nevertheless, these are experimental studies with little exploration as yet, and little impact on the industry and professions.
THERMAL ENVIRONMENTS OF AN OFFICE BUILDING WITH DOUBLE SKIN FACADE
Authors: Khoshbakht Maryam , Gou Zhonghua , Dupre Karine , Altan Hasim
Published: September 2017

As a symbol of green architecture, double skin facade (DSF) represents a design which possesses many energy saving features, but due to the complexity of the system, the real performances and benefits have been difficult to predict. The objective of this study was to inform the applicability of DSFs, and contribute to the positive impacts of DSF designs. This study compared and contrasted energy savings in a temperate climate, where heating was the dominant energy strategy, and in a subtropical climate, where cooling spaces was the dominant issue. This paper focused on a university office building with a west facing shaft box window facade. The research method was a paired analysis of simulation studies which compared the energy performance of a set of buildings in two different climates. Simulation results showed a good agreement with measurements undertaken in the exiting building during a two-week period. The results specified that DSFs are capable of almost 50% energy savings in temperate and 16% in subtropical climates. Although these indicated DSFs are more suitable for temperate climates than warmer regions, the amount of energy savings in subtropical climates were also considerable. However, due to the costs of DSFs and potential loss of leasable floor area, investigations into other feasible ventilation options are necessary before final building design decisions are made.
HOW DO GREEN BUILDINGS COMMUNICATE GREEN DESIGN TO BUILDING USERS? A SURVEY STUDY OF A LEED-CERTIFIED BUILDING
Authors: Wu Susie Ruqun , Kim Suk-Kyung , Park Hogeun , Fan Peilei , Ligmann-Zielinska Arika , Chen Jiquan
Published: September 2017

Studies investigating the benefits of green buildings can be approached by the affordance theory—the perceived properties of a thing that determine how it could possibly be used. This study focuses on the sustainable communication and education that a green building should provide. By applying the affordance theory, we examined whether a LEED-certified university campus building effectively communicates green design and sustainability to its users and if so, then how? We employed a questionnaire survey targeting campus users of a LEED-certified building by examining their awareness of the building's LEED status and perception of green design elements at multiple spatial scales, as well as their general knowledge on green building topics. We collected 177 questionnaires, of which 153 were qualified for statistical analysis. The results suggested that the building itself can afford to promote awareness among users, but cannot afford to educate users on general green building knowledge. We found that building users perceived green design at different spatial scales, preferring either product or space-related design. Our results indicate that future design should continue promoting the use of educational signage, which was found to be the most effective communicator of sustainability. The communication of green design to users with different spatial preferences remains a future research focus. Further studies on the innovative use of green building design as effective communicators are needed to promote sustainability education among the building users.