bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE, PATTERN AND DETERMINANTS OF FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION AMONG SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA: AN IMPLICATION FOR NUTRITION EDUCATION
Authors: Emeka Ekwuluo Celestine , Muhammed S.I
Published: May 2020

Motivation/Background: In 2001, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) accounted for 60 percent of 56 million deaths worldwide and 47% of global burden of disease. In all countries, evidence suggested underlying determinants of NCDs were largely same. These include increased consumption of rapidly processed energy-dense nutrient-poor foods high in fat, sugar, salt and reduced levels of physical activity. The objective of this study was to determine prevalence, pattern and determinants of fast foods consumption among school age children in Jos metropolis.

Method: In this study, we used descriptive cross-sectional study and included 347 mothers or care givers with children age 6 to 12 years in our sample size. We applied structured interviewer-administered questionnaire during data collection and analyzed the data with SPSS version 21.0.

Results: Prevalence of fast food consumption among school age children in Jos metropolis in the last one week is 91.1%. Knowledge of health risk associated with fast food consumption was 86.5%. Flour based fast food were most commonly consumed. We established an association between meal skipping, fast food advertisement and fast food consumption.

Conclusions: We recommend the need to focus public enlightenment on health risk associated with fast food consumption among school age children. Likewise, children should be encouraged to carry home-made food to school and legislation on fast food advertisement directed at children should be enacted.
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN VARIOUS PEDIATRICS DOSE CALCULATION FORMULAS: A CASE STUDY OF 12 YEARS CHILD FOR PARACETAMOL
Authors: Khan Majid , Riaz Muhammad
Published: May 2020

In this piece of study one case evaluated relevant to the dose calculation in which six formulas utilized for calculation of optimal doses and comparison between these formulas as well as beauty of all formulas. The different formulas used like on the basis of age includes Young rules, Dilling rules, Bastedo rules, Crowling, on the basis of weight Clark and Majid formula used and for Body Surface Area Mosteller formula utilized. The result of the current study purports for one patient of Paracetamol dose in which Young formula result is 250 mg, Dilling 300mg, Bastedo 250mg, Crowling 270.9mg, on weight basis 278.5mg by Clark and Majid rule also 278.5 and 329mg by Mosteller Body Surface Area formula, the mean of the current result is 279.4mg that is nearest to weight formula considered as better and BSA formula shows 329mg that is in the category of therapeutic window because in British National Formulary Paracetamol dose ranges from 250-500mg and some authors reported Dilling rule is good due to simplicity and brevity. The current study concluded Dilling rule is the simplest one, weight base is nearest to average range and the most appropriate formula is BSA but slight lengthy in calculation. Dose calculation play crucial role in clinical condition of the patient and proper formula should be selected in order to get better therapeutic outcomes.
Disrupting Literature: Facilitating Indigenous Book Clubs
Authors: Ozgan Deniz , Kroeker Emily
Published: May 2020

Book clubs are typically spaces in which individuals can discuss their favourite young adult novel or interrogate controversial topics from best-selling non-fiction. At the same time, book clubs, and the literature read within, can also be used as tools of assimilation used to push political and social agendas. But what if the same book clubs that promote assimilation and conformity, privileging some literatures and forms above others, could be used as spaces to create new communities that celebrate other literatures? Book clubs can be a potential space for the discussion of lesser-known and suppressed Indigenous literatures while creating communities. However, facilitating Indigenous book clubs requires conscious planning and preparation to ensure that the book clubs engage with Indigenous literatures in an appropriate way. Additionally, facilitators, depending on the mandate, need to be in partnership with Indigenous communities to ensure that book clubs are the right program to incorporate. As such, this presentation will provide best practices for facilitating Indigenous book clubs, including topics such as determining book club mandates, selecting literatures, interpreting Indigenous texts, and creating respectful environments.
Internet filters in Canadian libraries
Authors: Schulz Kate
Published: May 2020

Internet filters can be understood as any method that “[blocks] content [from] coming into and going out to the Internet” (PC Magazine, n.d., para. 1). Instantaneously, the word ‘blocks’ causes advocates of intellectual freedom to stand at attention. The American Library Association’s (ALA) Library Bill of Rights states: “a person’s right to use a library should not be denied or abridged because of origin, age, background, or views” (as cited in Houghton-Jan, 2010, p. 40). More specific to the topic at hand: “the use of Internet filters to block constitutionally protected speech … compromises First Amendment freedoms and the core values of librarianship” (ALA, n.d., para. 1). This paper will investigate and discuss the function of and methodology behind internet filters, with specific attention to their application in Canada. Following a general overview, a discussion follows of what library professionals in public and school libraries should do to uphold and protect intellectual freedom.
Thirty Years of Innocence
Authors: Norris Robert , Acker James , Bonventre Catherine , Redlich Allison
Published: May 2020

Systematic reporting of data about wrongful conviction cases in the United States typically begins with 1989, the year of the country’s first post-conviction, DNA-based exonerations. Year-end 2018 thus concludes a full thirty years of information and marks a propitious time to take stock. In this article, we provide an overview of known exonerations, innocence advocacy, and wrongful conviction-related policy reforms in the U.S. during these three decades. First, we provide a brief history of wrongful convictions in the U.S. before turning to the modern era of innocence. We describe the key sources of data pertaining to wrongful convictions and exonerations. Then, using case data from the National Registry of Exonerations, we offer a detailed analysis of national and state-by-state trends in exonerations, including annual totals, DNA- and non-DNA-exonerations, and capital case exonerations. Our examination includes factors corresponding to sources of error, state death-penalty status, and regional differences. We then discuss innocence advocacy organizations, with a particular focus on Centurion Ministries and members of the Innocence Network. This is followed by an examination of state-by-state trends in innocence-related policy reforms on key issues as identified by the Innocence Project. The final section of the article discusses the many important matters we do not yet know about wrongful convictions and poses thoughts, questions, and ideas for continued scholarship focusing on miscarriages of justice. The Appendix provides state-by-state summaries of select information relating to wrongful convictions and innocence reforms.
Prosecutorial Involvement in Exoneration
Authors: Bowman Rachel , Gould Jon
Published: May 2020

The current literature on wrongful convictions documents the legal, psychological, and institutional barriers that prosecutors face in considering post-conviction claims of innocence. However, less is known about how the local court context may relate to prosecutors’ decisions to engage in wrongful conviction investigations. To address this gap, the present study explores how characteristics of the local court community are related to the likelihood of prosecutors assisting, actively opposing, or remaining uninvolved in post-conviction claims of innocence. Specifically, we examine prosecutorial involvement in exonerations from three levels: case-factors, organizational factors, and county-context factors. Using archival data on the exonerations of factually innocent individuals (N = 75), we find that case-related factors are the strongest predictors of prosecutors’ involvement in exonerations. Broadly, our findings suggest that prosecutors are more willing to revisit, assist and even investigate potentially wrongful convictions when the stakes are lower (e.g. the offense is less severe, there is no alleged official misconduct, the district attorney is well-established in the role, etc.). Given the wide range of prosecutorial responses to wrongful conviction claims, we emphasize the importance of specialized conviction review units to help routinize the practice of post-conviction review. Secondly, we suggest that district attorneys explicitly define professional performance metrics to include corrective measures such as assisting in the review of wrongful conviction claims. Finally, we encourage states to adopt formal legal regulations to guide prosecutorial behavior in response to post-conviction claims of innocence.
Evaluasi Beberapa Tolok Ukur Vigor untuk Pendugaan Perpanjangan Masa Edar Benih Padi (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Febriani Lilis Yati , Widajati Eny
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh beberapa tolok ukur vigor benih yang paling efektif untuk pendugaan perpanjangan masa edar benih padi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Institut Pertanian Bogor dan Balai Besar Pengembangan Pengujian Mutu Benih Tanaman Pangan Hortikultura, Cimanggis, Depok dari bulan Juli 2011 sampai Oktober 2011. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah lot  benih dan faktor kedua adalah periode simpan. Faktor lot benih terdiri atas var. Ciherang dengan tanggal kadaluarsa 15 Juni 2011 (Lot A), var. Inpari 10 Laeya dengan tanggal kadaluarsa 10 Juli 2011 (Lot B), var. Situ Bagendit dengan tanggal kadaluarsa 21 Juli 2011 (Lot C). Faktor kedua adalah periode simpan terdiri atas 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 dan 12 minggu. Variabel yang efektif untuk menduga masa simpan benih padi adalah nilai delta. Penelitian ini menunjukkan Lot A mencapai akhir Periode II dan memasuki Periode III dari enam minggu periode penyimpanan. Lot B dan Lot C mencapai titik anomali, dengan nilai delta maksimum pada dua minggu setelah periode penyimpanan. Lot B dan Lot C pada penelitian ini hanya bisa dilakukan perpanjangan masa edar sampai periode simpan 2 minggu.
Pengaruh Pemberian Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula (CMA) dan Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Jagung (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Farida Rani , Chozin M.A.
Published: May 2020

Pemberian VAM dan dosis pupuk kandang ayam telah diteliti terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jagung menggunakan rancangan split plot dengan  rancangan lingkungan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak. Faktor pertama sebagai petak utama adalah VAM (tanpa VAM dan dengan VAM) dan faktor kedua sebagai anak petak adalah dosis pupuk kandang ayam (0, 5, 10, 15, dan 20 ton ha-1). Dosis pupuk kandang ayam 0 ton ha-1 digunakan untuk menentukan 100% pupuk anorganik dan dosis lain dari pupuk kandang ayam digunakan untuk menentukan 50% dari pupuk anorganik. Secara statistik, penerapan VAM tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jagung. Penggunaan VAM memberikan tinggi tanaman lebih tinggi dari tinggi tanaman tanpa menggunakan VAM pada 9 minggu setelah tanam. Beberapa perlakuan dengan VAM menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan produksi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa VAM.  Pemberian dosis pupuk kandang ayam menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jagung. Dosis pupuk kandang ayam memberikan respon linear pada tinggi tanaman saat 9 minggu setelah tanam dan jagung berbiji.
Luna Verde, de Joaquí­n Beleño, y las esclusas del lenguaje
Authors: Pérez Hernández Nayra , Becerra Bolaños Antonio
Published: May 2020

La novelí­stica canalera no ha tenido una presencia significativa en los estudios literarios latinoamericanos fuera de Panamá, a pesar de trabajar temas comunes con otras literaturas nacionales de la región. A Joaquí­n Beleño (1922-1988) se le reconoce como iniciador de este género con la publicación de Luna verde en 1941. Nos centraremos en el tratamiento del lenguaje en esta novela, pudiéndose hablar de auténtica novela oralizada, con lo cual llega a convertir el uso de la lengua en el parámetro para la construcción de la otredad. La lengua en Luna verde de Joaquí­n Beleño, como el Canal, que se abre y se cierra, junta al tiempo que separa y contribuye a la construcción de una identidad problematizada, fronteriza, heterogénea.
Influencia de la duración en el reconocimiento de las modalidades oracionales en el español colombiano
Authors: Muñetón Ayala Mercedes Amparo
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo analizó la influencia de las configuraciones durativas en la diferenciación de las modalidades oracionales en la producción y percepción del habla. En el estudio de producción participaron 36 hablantes de seis de las principales ciudades de Colombia. Las diferencias se ubicaron en el sintagma preposicional, donde la configuración L* caracteriza las oraciones declarativas y la B* las interrogativas. Para verificar este resultado a nivel perceptivo, 42 estudiantes universitarios de diferentes partes del paí­s escucharon oraciones sintetizadas en las que el sintagma preposicional de las declarativas contení­a la L* y el de las interrogativas la B*. Los participantes diferenciaron acertadamente las modalidades oracionales. Los resultados sugieren que la estructura temporal del habla diferencia las modalidades oracionales en la producción y en la percepción.
Mekanisme Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi dalam Proses Penyadapan dilihat dari Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM)
Authors: Nussy Jennifer Ingelyne
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

Recognition and protection of a guarantee of human dignity to earn a respectable place in the eyes of the law and government. Related to the interests of law enforcement, the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) for the purpose of wiretapping evidence in court, while will protecting the privacyrights of suspects. Legal protections for the accused to be seen as matter of law adopted. Therefore, the protection of the privacy rights of a person to be seen in the investigation process. For the Commission to conduct wiretaps should see privacy rights as stipulated in the law and the government should establish a special set of rules that intercepts, thus providing the possibility for law enforcement has the authority to do so does not conflict with human rights.
Penilaian Risiko, Estimasi Interval Inspeksi, dan Metode Inspeksi pada Hydrocarbon Piping Menggunakan Metode Risk Based Inspection (RBI)
Authors: Ratnasari Putri , Alhilman Judi , Pamoso Aji
Published: May 2020

Piping adalah sistem perpipaan yang digunakan untuk mengalirkan fluida dari satu proses ke proses lainnya. Jenis piping yang diteliti adalah Hydrocarbon Piping yaitu sebagai penyalur fluida antara reaktor, regenerator, dan main column pada proses catalytic cracking. Fluida yang mengalir pada Hydrocarbon Piping dapat menyebabkan korosi dan mengakibatkan terjadinya penipisan bahkan kebocoran pipa sehingga menimbulkan dampak yang buruk, baik pada lingkungan, keamanan, keselamatan, dan kerugian biaya. Peralatan bertekanan seperti piping memerlukan program inspeksi agar dapat bekerja dengan baik. Risk Based Inspection (RBI) adalah suatu metode untuk menentukan rencana program inspeksi berdasarkan risiko kegagalan peralatan. Metode RBI yang digunakan adalah RBI Semi-Kuantitatif dengan standar API 581. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkatan risiko, estimasi interval inspeksi, dan penentuan metode inspeksi pada piping. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hydrocarbon Piping terdiri dari 16% pipa dengan tingkat risiko low dan 84% pipa dengan tingkat risiko medium. Estimasi interval inspeksi dianjurkan tidak melebihi setengah remaining life pipa. Dengan mekanisme kerusakan thinning, metode inspeksi yang dianjurkan ialah profile radiography, UT scans, dan visual examination.
Analisis Kelayakan serta Perancangan Aplikasi Website pada Startup Digital Creative Fotografi Berdasarkan Aspek Pasar, Aspek Teknis, dan Aspek Finansial
Authors: Fauzi Putri Maulani , Chumaidiyah Endang , Suryana Nanang
Published: May 2020

Startup Digital Creative Fotografi merupakan suatu usaha jasa berbasis digital pada bidang fotografi. Bisnis ini merupakan usaha informal yang baru berdiri sekitar satu tahun. Usaha ini awalnya dibentuk oleh empat orang fotografer yang berdomisili di Bandung dengan melakukan pemasarannya melalui media sosial yaitu Instagram. Usaha ini berencana melakukan pengembangan usahanya dengan membuat website yang akan digunakan sebagai media pemasaran, komunikasi dan media untuk melakukan pemesanan oleh para konsumennya, serta sewa bangunan yang akan digunakan sebagai kantor bagi para tenaga kerjanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan pengembangan usaha berdasarkan aspek pasar, aspek teknis, dan aspek finansial. Data pasar diperoleh dari hasil penyebaran kuesioner kepada penduduk Kota Bandung usia 15 – 34 tahun. Diperoleh pasar potensial sebesar 60,64%, pasar tersedia sebesar 45,74%, dan pasar sasaran sebesar 0,07% dari pasar tersedia. Analisis aspek teknis dilakukan untuk mengetahui jumlah tenaga kerja, peralatan, serta sarana dan prasarana yang diperlukan dalam didirikannya usah ini. Hasil perhitungan finansial diperoleh nilai NPV sebesar Rp 289.803.474, nilai IRR sebesar 37%, dan PBP selama 2,38 tahun. Nilai IRR > MARR yaitu 10,99%, dan nilai NPV > 0, maka usaha ini dikatakan layak untuk dijalankan. Batas sensitivitas dari didirikannya usaha ini terhadap kenaikan biaya tenaga kerja langsung yaitu sebesar 21,95%, penurunan demand sebesar 14,43%, penurunan harga paket jasa sebesar 10,59%, dan kenaikan biaya investasi sebesar 65,3%.
Analisa Kelayakan Finansial Pembangunan Industri Cold Storage di Kabupaten Lingga
Authors: Hakim Arie Rakhman , Erliza Ayu
Published: May 2020

Kabupaten Lingga merupakan salah satu daerah dengan potensi sumber daya kelautan sangat besar. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Kabupaten Lingga adalah hasil tangkap perikanan lautnya masih dipasarkan dalam bentuk bahan mentah (fresh) tanpa adanya upaya penambahan nilai apapun, produksi perikanan tangkap masih bersifat musiman sehingga pasokan ikan tangkap cenderung naik-turun, rantai distribusi ikan sangat panjang sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama untuk sampai ke konsumen, dan ruang penyimpanan dingin belum tersedia. Tidak adanya ruang penyimpanan ini menyebabkan sisa hasil tangkapan ikan tidak dapat disimpan lama sehingga turun kualitasnya. Keberadaan sarana ruang pendingin (cold storage) ini dapat menjadi salah satu solusi untuk menjaga kesegaran dan kualitas hasil perikanan menjadi lebih lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan finansial pembangunan industri cold storage di Kabupaten Lingga. Selama proyek berlangsung (5 tahun), diperoleh hasil perhitungan dari 4 kriteria investasi yaitu NPV = Rp5.852.480.847,00, IRR = 46,47%, PBP = 2 tahun 7 bulan, dan Net B/C Ratio = 1,93 dengan asumsi interest rate yang digunakan adalah sebesar 15%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pembangunan industri cold storage layak dan prospektif untuk dijalankan. Analisis sensitivitas menunjukan bahwa industri ini sangat sensitif jika terjadi peningkatan biaya variabel disertai dengan penurunan penjualan.
Aplikasi Metode Balanced Scorecard dalam Pengukuran Kinerja Lembaga Pendidikan Tingkat Menengah
Authors: Roikhan Roikhan , Husada Zeplin Jiwa
Published: May 2020

Peningkatan kinerja pendidikan merupakan salah satu parameter dalam keberhasilan dalam mengelolah lembaga yang mempunyai orientasi terhadap pelayanan dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan. MTS. X merupakan lembaga pendidikan tingkat menengah berbasis pesantren yang berada dibawah yayasan pondok pesantren. Sebagai salah satu dunia usaha yang bergerak di bidang jasa terutama jasa pendidikan. MTs. X berupaya meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kepada pelanggan dan daya saing dengan lembaga-lembaga pendidikan lain yang sederajat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur kinerja di MTs. X dengan metode Balanced Scorecard. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara keseluruhan belum tercapainya kinerja yang maksimal lembaga pendidikan di Mts. X. Target efektivitas penggunaan keuangan 98,75% sedangkan realisasi penggunaan 80,59%. Perspektif kepuasan peserta didik dengan 18 indikator pengukuran kinerja menunjukan masih kurang maksimal dengan nilai 3,93. Proses internal belum tercapai karena masih banyak kekurangan dari sarana dan prasarana, proses aktivitas kerja, dan rendahnya kepuasan kerja bagi tenaga didik. Pertumbuhan dan pembelajaran untuk memberikan motivasi, pengembangan diri, inovasi dan suasana kerja masih kurang diberikan oleh lembaga. Peningkatan kinerja lembaga pendidikan harus dilakukan untuk meningkatkan daya saing yang lebih kompetitif di masa yang mendatang. Lembaga sebaiknya melakukan perbaikan melalui pengembangan yang lebih inovatif dan pengukuran kinerja dengan pendekatan key performance indicator yang lebih luas sehingga mampu memberikan pelayanan yang maksimal.
Perancangan Ulang Tata Letak Pabrik Menggunakan Metode Algoritma Computerized Relative Allocation of Facilities Techniques (CRAFT)
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Setiawan Dedi , Cahyadi Dadi
Published: May 2020

Biaya material handling merupakan salah satu penyumbang biaya yang besar dalam proses produksi perusahaan. Seperti pada sebuah perusahaan manufaktur di Banten, biaya material handling pada tahun tidak sesuai dengan target yang telah ditetapkan perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperbaiki aliran proses yang berhubungan dengan material handling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode algoritma Computerized Relative Allocation of Facilities Techniques (CRAFT) yang mempunyai konsep melakukan pertukaran antar departemen berdasarkan biaya material handling. Data yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini antara lain biaya material handling, tata letak awal, frekuensi perpindahan barang, dan jumlah departemen yang tetap. Berdasarkan pengolahan data yang telah dilakukan perubahan tata letak yang dilakukan mampu mengurangi biaya material handling sebesar Rp. 298,320.00 dengan selisih jarak sebesar 26.400 meter. Pengaturan tata letak dengan memperhatikan biaya material handling mampu mengurangi total biaya proses produksi dan mengefisienkan aliran proses produksi.
Professor Smith Goes to Washington: Educational Interest Group Lobbying, 1998–2017
Authors: Marsicano Christopher R. , Brooks Christopher
Published: May 2020

Congressional lobbying by education-related interest groups is an understudied subject in education research. This brief uses congressional lobbying expenditure data from 1998 to 2017 to examine trends in lobbying behavior by labor unions; K–12 education providers; and public, private nonprofit, and for-profit higher education institutions. Education interest groups have spent in excess of $2 billion lobbying Congress since 1998. Higher education institutions represent a disproportionate share of lobbying activity and expenditures, accounting for almost 70% of education-focused interest groups and around 80% of education-related lobbying expenditures. Lobbying expenditures steadily rose until 2011 before rapidly declining. The brief speculates as to the possible reasons for these trends and concludes with a call for greater research on lobbying for education.
Reorientation ofStatePolicies_20May2020.docx
Authors: swain Pranaya
Published: May 2020

The COVID-19 virus
is highly contagious as it does not respect borders, societies or communities.
Even with most of the world in lockdown and clinicians battling with support
measures for those infected, the governments are borrowing combat measures from
each other despite scores of uncertainties. However early or late stage a
country is in as regards to the virus spread, the governments are desperately
trying to arrest the crisis that is dynamic and ever evolving. As such there is
very little to claim about the success or lack of it, of any measure as a
preventive or curative one. With this at the backdrop, this paper intends to
provide a rapid assessment of reorientation of Government policies and
strategies to address the emergent health and non-health issues associated
therewith. With lots of limitations and within the ever-changing scenario of
COVID-19 calling for continuous changes in the adopted measures, the paper
documents key themes and policy changes that the Government of an Indian State-Odisha,
known widely for its track record of disaster preparedness and management, has
adopted in a challenging and dynamic situation. It utilises known and select
Governmental and institutional sources to offer insights into some core social,
economic and political issues that social scientists and policy researchers
will be interested in investigating further in the days to come.
AGROECOLOGY COMMUNITY AND ECOLOGY OF KNOWLEDGE: A TRAINING EXPERIENCE BASED ON THE PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN QUILOMBO, PASTORAL LAND COMMISSION AND UNIVERSITY
Authors: Ramos Júnior Dernival Venâncio
Published: May 2020

The formation of the Agroecological Community among NEUZA-UFT, the Pastoral Land Commission (CPT), and the Quilombo Grotão was conceived as a gnoseological situation and for that, it is a formative moment based on the ecology of knowledge. It is coordinated by Pedro Ribeiro of the NEUZA-UFT/CPT team, the Pastoral Agent of the Pastoral Land Commission (CPT) and by Raimundo Cantuario Camilo dos Reis, quilombola leadership of the Grotão Community. It had the participation of professors and students from the Federal University of Tocantins, pastoral workers and young quilombolas. The process of formation of the Community began there, starting from the articulation of different subjects, university students, pastoral and community agents around the discussion, promotion and practice of the agroecological space-time.
Designing Sustainable Humanitarian Supply Chains
Authors: CHEN Helen S.Y.
Published: May 2020

This is a multidisciplinary study on operationalizing the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in humanitarian operations through supply chain management methods. It is motivated by the belief that for SDGs to be pursued in humanitarian operations, they need to be contextualized in the idiosyncratic settings and approached systematically. Towards this end, this paper develops and operationalizes a strategic sustainable humanitarian supply chain framework using the design science approach. The study starts with analyzing the humanitarian operations characteristics and identifying the critical supply chain capabilities required for sustainable operations. It then re-conceptualizes sustainability in the humanitarian context and proposes a formula of sustainability performance in humanitarian operations. After that, the humanitarian supply chain structural components are delineated and decomposed into operational elements in order to identify the configurations that lead to optimal sustainability performance. The findings then converge into a framework to enable the identification of context-contingent sustainable supply chain strategies in humanitarian operations. This paper makes three contributions to SDG research: 1) it contextualizes sustainability in the humanitarian setting through postulating the concept and formula of net sustainability value as the single bottom line in humanitarian operations; 2) it increases operationality of SDGs in the humanitarian sector through the design of a strategic framework for sustainable humanitarian supply chains; and 3) it increases the interdisciplinarity of SDG research by using a generic supply chain framework that can be applied to integrate multilevel multidisciplinary sustainability studies.
Artesunate may attenuate the effects of Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) in Covid-19 Disease by targeting Interleukin-6 and associated inflammatory response pathways
Authors: Augustin Yolanda , Staines Henry , Kamarulzaman Adeeba , Staines Henry , Krishna Sanjeev
Published: May 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an unprecedented global health challenge for which safe, effective and affordable treatments need to be rapidly identified. Although in the majority of patients, the natural history of COVID-19 infection is self limiting, a small proportion of patients develop a cytokine release syndrome (CRS)/cytokine storm (CS) with raised Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and associated inflammatory cytokines. Dysregulated continual synthesis of IL-6 can contribute to multi-organ failure (MOF). Artesunate is an established antimalarial with an excellent tolerability and safety profile. Artesunate is able to modulate pro-inflammatory cytokine pathways and in doing so prevent multi-organ failure in models of lung, myocardial and renal injury in a number of cell line and animal models. Robust clinical trials are indicated to test this hypothesis.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF HAND POWER TRICYCLE FOR DISABLED USING HAND LEVER AND CRANK SYSTEM
Authors: Sarat G , Somaiah A
Published: May 2020

The main objective is to develop efficient vehicle with affordable price and by using less effort to propel the vehicle. Style and manufacture a chair trike attachment for higher accessibility and performance of a chair user. This trike is incredibly with efficiency designed and might be proven as a stronger replacement for the autochthonal models employed by the incapacitated keeping in mind the factors like safety, value and performance. Trike for the handicap folks to be propelled by the novel link mechanism hooked up to the steering column changing into cranking, victimization the advantage of leverage, with correct balance and distribution of mass and centre of gravity to crank the wheel shaft for dynamical. As he will use each the hands on the steering, higher management of the vehicle is ensured. The user will go quicker and farther (in out of doors use). Levers area unit ergonomically higher for the user (less body stress induced by propulsion forces then for push rim)
THE EFFECT OF DARRIEUS AND SAVONIUS WIND TURBINES POSITION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE HYBRID WIND TURBINE AT LOW WIND SPEED
Authors: Ali Nawfal M. , K Abdul Hassan A. , Aljabair Sattar
Published: May 2020

This paper presents an experimental and numerical simulation to investigate a hybrid vertical axis wind turbine model highly efficient which can be worked at low wind speed by studying the aerodynamic characteristics of four models of hybrid VAWTs. The hybrid WT consists of the SWT having two blades and the DWT type straight having two blades. Four models were constructed to study experimentally and numerically to choose the best model. Two models were DWT in the upper and SWT in the lower, also two models were SWT in the upper and DWT in the lower. The phase stage angle between the turbines is 0o and 90o . The experimental and numerical results showed that the performance of hybrid WT where DWT in the upper and SWT in the lower with phase stage 90o is better than in the other models, it can be started to work at a wind velocity of 2.2 m/s. At the wind velocity 3 m/s, the values of the parameters are the rotational speed (198 rpm), the CP (0.3195), the CT (0.2003), the TSR (1.6) and self-starting rotation at this value of wind velocity (3 m/s). The efficiency of extracting the wind power by hybrid WT is (51.2 %).
IONIC LIQUID CATALYSIS TO PRODUCE COTTONSEED OIL BY TRANSESTERIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE TEST IN DIESEL ENGINE
Authors: Kumar M. Udaya , Sivaramakrishnan N.
Published: May 2020

This work is based on the performance of biodiesel blends with diesel in providing for a suitable alternative fuel. There are various methods in which the biodiesel blends are made. Every approach uses the preparation of biofuel initially from a parent oil blend. Here cottonseed oil is taken to make biodiesel. For the conversion ionic liquids have been used as catalysts. The process of transesterification has shorter reaction times with ionic liquid usage. Then subsequently test is made on a diesel engine particularly suited for alternative fuels to find out the biodiesel performance. All the tests to find the suitability of the transesterified biofuel for use in a diesel engine have been done and results presented. The performance graphs show B30 to be the optimum based biofuel blend for which maximum efficiency has been found.
Visual body size adaptation and estimation of tactile distance
Authors: Zopf Regine , Kosourikhina Veronika , Brooks Kevin R. , Polito Vince , Stephen Ian D
Published: May 2020

Estimating the size of bodies is crucial for interactions with physical and social environments. Body size perception is malleable and can be altered using visual adaptation paradigms. However, it is unclear whether such visual adaptation effects also transfer to other modalities and influence, for example, the perception of tactile distances. In this study we employed a visual adaptation paradigm. Participants were exposed to images of expanded or contracted versions of self- or other-identity bodies. Before and after this adaptation they were asked to manipulate the width of body images to appear as “normal” as possible. We replicated an effect of visual adaptation, such that the body size selected as most “normal” was larger after exposure to expanded and thinner after exposure to contracted adaptation stimuli. In contrast, we did not find evidence that this adaptation effect transfers to distance estimates for paired tactile stimuli delivered to the abdomen. A Bayesian analysis showed that our data provide moderate evidence that there is no effect of visual body size adaptation on the estimation of spatial parameters in a tactile task. This suggests that visual body size adaptation effects do not transfer to somatosensory body size representations.
A Bayesian Model of Social Influence under Risk and Uncertainty
Authors: Ciranka Simon Kai , van den Bos Wouter
Published: May 2020

Humans live in an uncertain world and often rely on social information in order to reduce uncertainty. However, the relationship between uncertainty and social information use is not yet fully understood. In this work we argue that previous studies have often neglected different degrees of uncertainty that need to be accounted for when studying social information use. We introduce a novel experimental paradigm to measure risky decision making, wherein social information and uncertainty are manipulated. We also developed a Bayesian model of social information use. We show that across different levels of uncertainty; social influence follows similar principles. Social information is more impactful when individuals are more uncertain. Notably, this relationship holds for experimental manipulations of uncertainty but also for subjective uncertainty within experimental conditions. We conclude with discussing that social influence can be better understood when paying credit to subjective uncertainties and preferences.
Tecnologia de produção de whey protein
Authors: De Freitas Ana Carolina , Freitas Ana Carolina de
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Whey protein, characterized by its high rate of proteins, amino acids and its low fatty content, is a product based on whey. Indicated mainly for obtaining lean mass and supplementation, being a product of extensive and intensive use. The range of whey occurs by the activity of ion exchange during the conversion of milk into cheese. Due to the varied production and processing techniques, numerous processes are carried out to obtain the ideal product. The supplement differentiates according to its concentrations, mixtures, processing and biological value. Above all, there are three product classifications: concentrate, isolate and hydrolyzed. Protein supplements exist in different forms: powder, liquid, capsules, gel, flakes or bars. The technologies achieved in the chain of this product are extremely important, so that its quality is defined. Starting with protein extraction from whey, which, the better the extraction is made, the purer whey protein will be. The smaller the presence of other substances, such as fats and carbohydrates and the maximum protein concentration, the greater importance this product will have within the market.
Estudo comportamental com enriquecimento ambiental para pequenos felinos cativos no zoológico do Centro de Instrução de Guerra na Selva
Authors: Silva Anne , Santos Sinandra
Published: May 2020

In the Amazon rainforest, several species of wild animals are threatened with extinction, corresponding to the improper exploitation of man in the wild. Thus, the zoo plays an important role in environmental education, preservation and maintenance of species derived from federal organ rescues. This study aims to qualify and quantify the behavioral observations in the pre-enrichment (PRE), enrichment (ENR) and post-enrichment (POS) phases, applying sensory, cognitive and olfactory environmental enrichment items to two Leopardus pardalis females. two female Leopardus wiedii, and one male Puma yagouaroudi captive in Center of Instruction and War in the Jungle. Species showed interest in the enrichment items, indicating increased frequency in the categories locomotion, social interaction and interaction with enrichment in the phase (ENR), but in the phase (POS) these results decreased, resulting in increased frequency in the rest category. Conducting frequent environmental enrichment practices has contributed to the animal welfare of captives.
Influência de altas dosagens de cloreto de potássio no desenvolvimento de espécies em cultivo hidropônico
Authors: Vasconcelos Weuler , Melo Regis Rates de , Gonçalves Sara Lane Sousa , Baccarin Francisco José Benedini , Vasconcelos Weuler Alves , Miranda Sabrina do Couto de
Published: May 2020

Salinity refers to the existence of levels of soluble salts in the soil which can significantly impair the yield of cultivated plants. Potassium chloride is one of the salts that may be involved in this process. In this context, the objective of the present study was to verify the influence of different doses of potassium chloride in hydroponic cultivation on the survival and development of three species with agronomic uses (Melissa officinalis, Lactuca sativa and Eruca sativa). Using the NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) hydroponic system, six treatments prepared from commercial solution (Hidrogood fert - Hydroponic Nutritive Solution Kit) were tested, calibrating the dosage to 20 liters. In the treatments, excess doses of potassium chloride were tested, being 0g for control, 92, 184, 276, 368 and 460 grams, respectively, in the treatments 1 to 5. In total, 96 days of experiments were divided among the species studied. The analysis of mortality/survival of individuals of the different species studied showed that all had 100% survival in the transplantation control treatment at the end of the experiment. Additional doses of potassium chloride tested in treatments 1 to 5 enabled survival and development to a certain extent imposed by the adaptive skills of each species. The analysis of the data generated by the species showed that the control solution propitiated the development, however the variations in the potassium dosages tested revealed different levels of sensitivity, being Melissa officinalis the most sensitive, Lactuca sativa the intermediate sensitivity and Eruca sativa the least sensitive to the high concentrations of potassium.
Testes alternativos para a avaliação da viabilidade fisiológica de sementes de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong
Authors: Vasconcelos Weuler , Lambert Ana Clara Alencar , Miranda Sabrina do Couto de , Souza Priscila  Bezerra de , Barreira Sybelle
Published: May 2020

Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong is a species with extensive multiple distribution and use, being widely used in the recovery of degraded areas. Thus, the objective was to verify the physiological viability of seeds of this species through the electrical conductivity test (EC) and the tetrazolium test (TZ). For the EC test, measurements were made at times 0, 02, 08, 16, 32, 70 and 80 hours of soaking in water at 25º C in an environment with low light incidence. For the TZ test, immersion in a 1% tetrazolium solution was performed for 24 hours at 30 ºC in the dark. The germination percentage by the test on gerbox paper was equal to 92%, with a thousand seed weight for the lot equal to 634.99g and moisture content equal to 5.24%. The results obtained in the CE and TZ test allow to affirm the efficiency to characterize the physiological viability of the Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong seeds, Studies of this nature are important to check the viability of seeds of forest species in the northern region of the municipality of Goiânia
Esporotricose em equinos: revisão
Authors: Marcolongo-Pereira Clairton
Published: May 2020

Sporotrichosis is a chronic skin disease, caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii, which predominantly affects the subcutaneous tissue, leading to the appearance of palpable and indolent nodules that can generally develop into difficult-to-heal ulcers. Contamination occurs through traumatic inoculation of the fungus, through plant spines, wood splinters, scratching or biting contaminated animals. This disease is more frequently described in domestic cats, but it also affects other varieties of animal species. The aim of this study was to describe a review of the clinical and epidemiological findings of sporotrichosis in horses, as well as its diagnosis, treatment and prevention.Keywords: horses, sporotrichosis, treatment
LETTERS FROM V. A. GORDLEVSKY TO A. Y. KRYMSKY FROM THE COLLECTIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF MANUSCRIPTS OF V.I. VERNADSKY SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY OF UKRAINE (1906 - 1909)
Authors: Valeev R.M. , Vasilyuk O.D. , Valeeva R.Z. , Kirillina S.A. , Martynov D.E. , Mejer M.S. , Hajrutdinov D.R.
Published: May 2020

Academicians A. Y. Krymsky and V. A. Gordlevsky are important figures in the history of Russian classical orientalism and Arab-Muslim studies, in particular the Moscow and Kiev centers of Oriental studies, especially in the field of academic turkology, Ottoman, Arab and Iranian studies, as well as the public life of the Russian Empire and the USSR. They are widely known in the history of humanities in modern Russian Federation and Ukraine.
Currently, we are conducting the search, study, systematization and publication of the correspondence by outstanding arabist, semitologist, turkologist, Iranian and Slavic studies scholar A. Y. Krymsky with leading Russian orientalists V. R. Rosen, V. V. Bartold, P. K. Kokovtsov, F. E. Korsch, V. A. Zhukovsky, S. F. Oldenburg, I. Y.Krachkovsky, Н.А. Mednikov, V. A. Gordlevsky, B. V. Miller, V. F. Minorsky and other scholars during the period of 1890s to 1930s.
The article is devoted to a brief overview of the activities of A. Y. Krymsky and V. A. Gordlevsky at the Lazarev Institute of Oriental languages (1898 –1918) and their extant personal correspondence. The main attention is paid to the publication of two extant letters, both previously unknown in the history of Russian Turkology and Orientalism, written by V. A. Gordlevsky from Konya (Turkey) to A. Y. Krymsky, from the collections of the Institute of Manuscripts of V.I. Vernadsky Scientific Library of Ukraine (Kiev). This library contains two letters by V. A. Gordlevsky to Professor A. Y. Krymsky from a pre-Revolution period (dated November 7, 1906 and April 20, 1909), both published in this paper
Les douleurs chroniques résistantes : quand l’inconscient prend corps dans le colloque médecin–patient
Authors: Hertzog S. , Razon L.
Published: May 2020

La prise en charge des douleurs chroniques aboutit parfois à des échecs thérapeutiques. Ces douleurs sont résistantes aux traitements thérapeutiques, déstabilisent le corps médical et augmentent la détresse du patient. Afin de saisir les enjeux de ces échecs thérapeutiques, nous interrogeons le colloque médecin–patient (corps/douleurs, transfert/résistance), au sein duquel le discours médical peut mobiliser une résistance inconsciente chez le patient pour se protéger narcissiquement.
The Directive 2016/97 On Insurance Distribution (IDD) And Private International Law
Authors: Fras Mariusz
Published: May 2020

Clear normative grounds for the information obligation are visible in the Directive (EU) 2016/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 January 2016 on insurance distribution (hereinafter: IDD). One of the challenges before insurance law is to answer the question whether and how one should sanction violations of disclosure obligations resulting in the absence of the desired insurance protection. In this aspect important legal problem is law applicable to the assessment of liability for violation of disclosure obligations by the insurer.

The second important problem is law applicable to the assessment of liability for violation of disclosure obligations by third parties vis-a-vis the insurer. Some remarks concerning jurisdiction in matters relating to the loss of chance to become insured, have different practical implications.
ANNULMENT OF MARRIAGE IN POLISH LAW AND DECLARATION OF NULLITY OF MARRIAGE IN CANON LAW – A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Bzdyrak Grzegorz
Published: May 2020

Annulment and nullity of marriage are two institutions that function in two separate and independent legal systems. Despite some similarities, they cannot be used interchangeably. The differences between the annulment and declaring nullityof marriage follow mainly from the fact that the canonical marriage between baptized persons is a sacrament, a lifelong and indissoluble bond. For this reason, once validly contracted, it cannot be annulled or dissolved by divorce, but only bythe death of a spouse or a dispensation from an unconsummated marriage and the privilege of faith. In the case when marriage is contracted, despite the existence of impediments to marriage, the ecclesiastical tribunal, after completing the relevant proceedings, declares its nullity whereby this judgment is of a declarative nature. In the case of annulment of marriage, the legislator provided for some restriction as to the persons authorized to file a claim, and it also listed the situations in which, even though marriage was contracted in breach of law, its annulment is not possible. Therefore, convalidation by force of law is permissible. Such validation and such restrictions have not been provided by the ecclesiastical legislator, although the convalidation of marriage is possible as long as the matrimonial consent continues and some additional conditions have been satisfied. The judgment regarding the annulment of marriage is constitutive, although the effects of annulment have retroactive effects, whereby the legislator stated that for certain relationships, the rules of divorce shall be applicable.

Both in the state and canonical orders, there are three groups of reasons that are the basis for annulment and declaration of nullity of marriage. These are impediments to marriage, defects to the declarations of intention of the spousesand defects to the mandate to contract marriage. The individual reasons have been briefly discussed to present the differences in their understanding under canon law and state law.