bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental treatment of a child with oral cleft: a case report
Authors: Iara Aparecida Zanon Andrade  , Sheila de Carvalho Stroppa  , Juliana Yassue Barbosa da Silva
Published: May 2022

The cleft lip and palate are the most common facialcongenital malformations, developing in the early embryonic stagesbetween the fourth and eighth week of intrauterine life. Objective:To present the dental treatment of a child with cleft lip and palateunder general anesthesia. Case report: Patient, aged four years,with cleft lip and palate, living in an indigenous village in the cityof Vilhena, Rondônia, Brazil, with poor hygienic conditions and withdental caries, needed dental treatment under general anesthesia. Theclinical examination revealed that the child had impaired generalhealth by the presence of several wounds in the feet and nails,low weight, and many carious lesions. Discussion: In addition toparents’ instructions and monitoring of multidisciplinary team, it isimportant to know the life of the patients with oral cleft, to target themost appropriate treatment to be successful in their rehabilitationprocess. Conclusion: Children with cleft lip and palate can havetheir quality of life improved through adequate care.
Microabrasion and composite resin for re-establishing smile esthetics: a case report
Authors: Kamila Oliveira Vieira  , Fernanda Cristina Pimentel Garcia  , Gisele Maria Correr Nolasco  , Carla Castiglia Gonzaga  , Priscila Maito Roseira  , Fernanda Durski Teixeira  , Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha
Published: May 2022

Dental hypomineralization such as dental fluorosis has increased in recent times leading to unaesthetic appearance of teeth. There are different treatment possibilities to improve the aesthetic appearance of hypomineralized enamel described in dental literature. The enamel microabrasion has been a feasible alternative, since it is a fast, safe, conservative, and easy to perform, which promotes good esthetic results. Moreover, this technique is a conservative method that improves the appearance of the teeth by restoring bright and superficial smoothness, without causing significant structural loss. The association of different techniques, such as direct composite resin, can provide good esthetic outcomes, but the etiology, intensity, and depth of stain should be considered to minimize dental structure loss. Objective: To describe an easy technique for managing dental fluorosis using enamel microabrasion in association with direct composite resin. Case report: A mixture of hydrochloric acid and silicon carbide was applied according the manufacturer’s instructions. Subsequently, a direct composite resin was applied over the areas where the opacities were more evident. This conservative approach may be considered an interesting alternative treatment to remove fluorosis staining and to improve aesthetic appearance. Conclusion: enamel microabrasion combined with direct composite resin is a conservative and safe alternative method to treat enamel opacities from dental fluorosis. Therefore, this management provides satisfactory aesthetic results for the patient’s smile.
Gingival resection surgery complementation through botulinum toxin application at the management of gummy smile
Authors: Irineu Gregnanin Pedron
Published: May 2022

The gummy smile is characterized by a marked gingival exposure on smiling and it has been considered as one of the main complaints of patients, also influencing on self-esteem and social relationship. The development of new techniques such as botulinum toxin application may be a more conservative treatment option than surgical intervention (myectomy and Le Fort I osteotomy) in the treatment of gummy smile. Objective: To present the case of a patient who presented dental-gingival discrepancy and gummy smile, treated by gingival resection surgery and complemented by the application of botulinum toxin. Case report: A female patient, 23 years old, presented dental-gingival discrepancy and gummy smile, treated by gingival resection surgery and complemented by the application of botulinum toxin. Results: The gingival resection surgery promoted improvement of dental relationship, caused by increase of dental zenith and the application of botulinum toxin caused uniform dehiscence of the upper lip, increasing the harmony of the smile and improving self-esteem and quality life. Conclusion: Botulinum toxin is an additional option in the cosmetic improvement of the smile and gives better results when combined with gingival resection surgery.
Editorial
Authors: Adriane Cristina Kasprowicz
Published: May 2022

xxxxxxx
Sumário
Authors: Adriane Cristina Kasprowicz
Published: May 2022

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Association of early life health conditions, nutritional status, and feeding practices with caries prevalence in preschool children
Authors: Caroline Harmatiuk  , Marjorye Maceno de Lima  , Yasmine Mendes Pupo  , Juliana Schaia  , Ana Cláudia Chibinski  , Marcia Helena Baldani Pinto
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine whether health conditions in the first year of life, nutritional status and dietary habits throughout life are related to the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC). Material and methods: Sample consisted of 338 children from public schools. The prevalence of dental caries was assessed by dmf-t index. An anthropometric analysis was conducted for identification of nutritional risk. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Poisson regression analysis, considering the dependent variables: a) presence of ECC (dmft ≥ 1); b) presence of severe ECC (dmft ≥ 6). Results:It was observed that 64% of the children exhibited ECC (mean dmft 2.97) and 23% suffer from severe ECC (mean dmft 8.2). 28 (11%) were at nutritional risk and more than 30% consumed sweets one or more times a day. It was observed that 8% showed low birth weight, 9% used antibiotics frequently in the first year of life and 67% maintained the habit of nocturnal bottle/breast-feeding after this period. Nocturnal feeding for prolonged time, frequent use of antibiotics and nutritional risk were associated with higher prevalence and severity of caries in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: These results reinforce the relationship between early life events, nutritional status, and dental caries in primary teeth.
Thrombin Improves Diabetic Wound Healing by ERK-Dependent and Independent
Smad2/3 Linker Region Phosphorylation
Authors: Luo Gang , Wang Chongyang , Li Juehong , Zhang Xuancheng , Sun Ziyang , Song Sa , Fan Cunyi
Published: May 2022

Background:

Impaired wound healing is one of the most noteworthy features and troublesome complications
of diabetes mellitus, which arouses a rising global health concern without potent remedies. Thrombin
is the major hemostatic agent applied at wound healing initiation and recently gained therapeutic credits in later
phases. However, a rare investigation achieved prolonged use of thrombin and probed the detailed mechanism.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects and mechanism of thrombin on diabetic skin
wound healing.

Methods:

The effect of thrombin on fibroblast proliferation, α-SMA, and Collagen I expression was firstly
studied in vitro by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) and western blotting. Then, the specific phosphorylation site of
SMAD2/3 and their ERK1/2 dependence during thrombin treatment were assessed by western blotting for
mechanism exploration. After that, full-thickness wound defects were established in diabetic male SD rats and
treated with thrombin in the presence or absence of PD98059 to observe the in vivo effects of thrombin and to
confirm its ERK dependence.

Results:

We found that thrombin promoted fibroblast proliferation and their α-SMA and Collagen I production.
Mechanistically, thrombin induced phosphorylation of Smad2 linker region (Ser245/250/255) through ERK1/2
phosphorylation but promoted phosphorylation of Smad3 linker region (Ser204) independent of ERK1/2. Histological
results showed that thrombin facilitated wound healing by promoting α-SMA and Collagen I expression,
which was not abolished by inhibiting ERK phosphorylation.

Conclusion:

Collectively, this study validated the therapeutic efficacy of thrombin on diabetic wound healing
and identified both ERK-dependent and -independent Smad2/3 linker region phosphorylation as the essential
signaling events in this process.
Potential of Phytomolecules in Alliance with Nanotechnology to Surmount
the Limitations of Current Treatment Options in the Management of
Osteoarthritis
Authors: Madan Jitender , Mourya Atul , Shubhra  , Bajwa Neha , Baldi Ashish , Singh Kamalinder K , Pandey Manisha , Singh Shashi Bala
Published: May 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic degenerative musculoskeletal disorder, progressively increases
with age. It is characterized by progressive loss of hyaline cartilage followed by subchondral
bone remodeling and inflammaging. To counteract the inflammation, synovium releases various inflammatory
and immune mediators along with metabolic intermediates, which further worsens the
condition. However, even after recognizing the key molecular and cellular factors involved in the progression
of OA, only disease-modifying therapies are available such as oral and topical NSAIDs, opioids,
SNRIs, etc., providing symptomatic treatment and functional improvement instead of suppressing
OA progression. Long-term use of these therapies leads to various life-threatening complications.
Interestingly, mother nature has numerous medicinal plants containing active phytochemicals that can
act on various targets involved in the development and progression of OA. Phytochemicals have been
used for millennia in traditional medicine and are promising alternatives to conventional drugs with a
lower rate of adverse events and efficiency frequently comparable to synthetic molecules. Nevertheless,
their mechanism of action in many cases is elusive and uncertain. Even though many in vitro and
in vivo studies show promising results, clinical evidence is scarce. Studies suggest that the presence of
carbonyl group in the 2nd position, chloro in the 6th and an electron- withdrawing group at the 7th position
exhibit enhanced COX-2 inhibition activity in OA. On the other hand, the presence of a double
bond at the C2-C3 position of C ring in flavonoids plays an important role in Nrf2 activation. Moreover,
with the advancements in the understanding of OA progression, SARs (structure-activity relationships)
of phytochemicals and integration with nanotechnology have provided great opportunities for
developing phytopharmaceuticals. Therefore, in the present review, we have discussed various promising
phytomolecules, SAR as well as their nano-based delivery systems for the treatment of OA to
motivate the future investigation of phytochemical-based drug therapy.
Assimilating Epigenetics and Transcriptomics for the Identification
of Prognostic Novel Biomarkers and Imminent Targets in
Colorectal Carcinoma with Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: May 2022

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC), the foremost basis of malignancy-related death
worldwide, evolves due to the stepwise amassing of a succession of genetic and
epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic indicators are significant molecular hallmarks of
malignancy. They play a big role in disease pathogenesis and are involved in almost all
important cancer-related pathways. They can also be used as clinically useful cancer
biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and predicting how well treatment will work.
Similarly, as gene changes in the malignant growth genome, a subset of driver genes
attempts to play a useful part in CRC. Advances in our understanding of abnormal
methylation in CRC have led to the development of epigenetic changes as diagnostic
and prognostic biomarkers, and role of non-coding RNAs as epigenetic controllers.
Beforehand, mass transcriptomics analysis is used to group CRC based on its distinctive
molecular and clinicopathological features for prediction and patient analysis. The
development of single-cell transcriptomics flipped the script by making it possible to
evaluate the expression levels of particular neoplastic cells within a single tumor. Cell
motility, growth, development, proliferation, DNA replication, recombination, their
relationships with transcriptomics, and the CRC transcriptome analysis, have shown
improvements. Progress in the appraisal of epigenetic alterations in CRC and their
clinical applications has indicated that these changes will be ordinarily utilized as
molecular markers to coordinate the anticipation and treatment of CRC. Recent
improvements in our understanding of CRC and progress in genomics have led to the
discovery of a number of epigenetic changes that are strongly linked to both the start
and spread of cancer.
Thietanes and Derivatives thereof in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Francisco Karol R. , Ballatore Carlo
Published: May 2022

:

Unlike the oxetane ring, which, as evidenced by numerous studies, is known to play an
increasingly important role in medicinal chemistry, the thietane ring has thus far received comparatively
limited attention. Nonetheless, a growing number of reports now indicate that this 4-
membered ring heterocycle may provide opportunities in analog design. In the present review article,
we discuss the possible use and utility of the thietane fragment in medicinal chemistry and provide
an overview of its properties and recent applications with a focus on isosteric replacements.
Antimicrobial Activity and Metabolite Fingerprinting of a Microcolonial
Fungal Isolate TD-082 from the Arid Thar Desert, India
Authors: Srivastava Nidhi , Gupta Shivangi , Bhatt Bhawna , Sharma Paresh , Ibeyaima Ahongshangbam , Sarethy Indira P.
Published: May 2022

Aims::

This study aimed at bioprospecting underexplored extreme habitats (Thar desert, India)
for novel bio- and chemo-diversity.

Background::

Bioactive metabolites from microorganisms, such as fungi from underexplored habitats,
serve as basic skeletons of therapeutic agents, including antimicrobials, combating the effect of multidrug
resistance of pathogens.

Objectives::

The main objectives of the current study are (i) characterization of isolate TD-082 and (ii)
metabolite fingerprinting of butanol extract showing antimicrobial compounds.

Methods::

In search of novel antimicrobial drugs, a promising microcolonial fungus TD-082, obtained
from the Thar Desert, India, was identified by ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 sequencing. Phenotypic characteristics
were marked by microscopy. The fungus was investigated for antimicrobial activity against a panel of
Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Butanol extract that showed the best antimicrobial
activity was partially purified; fractions exhibiting antimicrobial activity were pooled and fingerprinted by
GC-MS analysis.

Results::

Sequencing data indicated that the isolate belonged to Aureobasidium sp. It showed 96% similarity
to Aureobasidium iranianum and Kabatiella bupleuri, and 95 % to A. thailandense and A. subglaciale.
Microscopy results confirmed that it belongs to Aurebasidium sp. Metabolite fingerprinting showed tentatively
ten novel compounds belonging to three major categories, hydrocarbons, fatty acids, and peptides.

Conclusion::

The study shows that understudied habitats, such as deserts, can provide skeletons for novel
compounds from novel microorganisms. The study can be expanded to other niche habitats with higher
chances of identifying more novel bioactive compounds.
Mentha longifolia ssp. longifolia Essential Oil Components as Novel Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform II and IX Inhibitors: Biological and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Karaçelik Ayça Aktaş , Özkat Gözde Yalçın
Published: May 2022

Background:

Medicinal plant oils are used in the treatment of various human diseases due to their phytochemical components. Recently, enzyme inhibition studies have been increasing in cosmetics, the food industry, and especially pharmaceuticals.

Objective:

The main goal of this study is to focus on a specific interaction between the essential oil components of Mentha longifolia ssp. longifolia and carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme in vitro and in silico.

Methods:

The chemical composition of the essential oil was identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The CA inhibitory activity of M. longifolia essential oil was investigated by using esterase activity for the first time in this study. Molecular docking was performed separately for two different CA isoforms (CA-II and CA-IX).

Results:

Among fourteen components identified, piperitone (27.14%), 2-acetylcyclopentanone (21.05%), p-menthan-3-one (13.90%), menthan (6.60%), and piperitone oxide (6.52%) were defined as the major compounds. The essential oil showed remarkable inhibitory activity against CA with an IC50 value of 0.010 mg/mL. According to the molecular docking analysis, caryophyllene oxide (-6.5 kcal/mol for CAIX isoform, -6.8 kcal/mol for CA-II isoform) and trans-caryophyllene (-6.3 kcal/mol for CA-IX isoform, - 6.7 kcal/mol for CA-II isoform) molecules showed the best inhibitory activity in two different CA isoforms. In this study, it was determined that all molecules are bioavailable by ADMET analyses.

Conclusion:

The results of this study are valuable for the development of natural and new CA enzyme inhibitors without side effects in the treatment of diseases, such as glaucoma, obesity, and epilepsy.
Novel Drugs for Diabetes Also Have Dramatic Benefits on Hard Outcomes
of Heart and Kidney Disease
Authors: Chan Michael C.Y. , Chan Jonathan C.H.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Diabetes is a major risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. Patients
with both diabetes and cardiovascular disease have even higher mortality. The convergence
of cardiology and diabetology therapy is an important step in treating patients and advancing research.

Results:

Major landmark trials and meta-analyses involving Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors
have shown dramatic clinical cardiorenal benefits in patients both with and without type 2
diabetes. In type 2 diabetes patients, Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have been shown to
improve major cardiac outcomes.

Conclusion:

This hot topic of research and clinical use of glucose lowering drugs intersects the
fields of cardiovascular, renal, and diabetic medicine. The numerous cardiorenal benefits have led
to the rapid adoption in clinical guidelines of these glucose lowering drugs in patients with Type 2
diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or renal disease.
WITHDRAWN: Obesity Paradox and Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Ganna Isayeva , Anna Shalimova
Published: May 2022

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

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Molecular Docking, In vitro Antioxidant, and In vivo Hepatoprotective
Activity of Methanolic Extract of Calotropis gigantea leaves in Carbon
Tetrachloride-induced Liver Injury in Rats
Authors: Bairagi Shripad , Ghule Prashant , Gilhotra Ritu
Published: May 2022

Background:

Calotropis gigantea (Asclepiadaceae), a wildly growing plant, has several purported
therapeutic characteristics and treats toothache and earache, sprains, anxiety, pain, epilepsy, and
mental disorders.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro antioxidant and in vivo
hepatoprotective capabilities of a methanolic extract of Calotropis gigantea leaves (CGL) against
carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats.

Methods:

The Sprague Dawley rats (180-250 g) were used for the current study. The hepatoprotective
activity of CGL was determined by estimating the different biochemical parameters like SGOT, SGPT,
ALP, bilirubin, and in vivo antioxidant parameters like LPO, GSH, SOD, and CAT in different animal
groups. We have also investigated the inhibitory potential of some significant chemical constituents of
CGL on CYP2E1 through molecular docking.

Results:

In vivo hepatoprotective studies indicate that the CGL extract administration caused a significant
reduction [at 200 mg, SGOT (110.16 IU/L), SGPT (101.33 IU/L), ALP (186.66 IU/L), bilirubin
(1.1 mg/dl), and LPO (6.933 M/mg protein)] and elevation [GSH (14.051 M/mg protein), SOD
(257.5%), and CAT (15.975 μM)] in enzyme activity in a dose-dependent manner. Unfortunately, CGL
extract has not shown a more potent activity than the standard drug Silymarin. All the phytoconstituents
have shown potent binding affinity with CYP2E1 compared to the native ligand. Amongst all the phytoconstituents,
Medioresinol was the most active and potent molecule that has developed compelling interactions
with CYP2E1.

Conclusion:

From free radical scavenging activity, it was concluded that CGL extract exerts more
scavenging activity than ascorbic acid, which indicates a high level of polyphenols and tocopherols and
also exhibited in vivo hepatoprotective activity. From the molecular docking, it has been concluded
that Calotropis gigantea can potentially inhibit CYP2E1 and prevent the generation of free radicals,
which will ultimately reduce oxidative stress and associated diseases.
An Adaptive Fuzzy Neural Network Technique for Coronavirus-based Bio-nano Communication Systems
Authors: Alzaidi Mohammed S. , Alshammri Ghalib H. , Al Noufaey K. S.
Published: May 2022

Background:

At the end of December 2019, a case of pneumonia of unknown cause
was reported in Wuhan, China. A new coronavirus was then identified as the leading cause of
this controversial pneumonia, changing how people worldwide live. Although science has
achieved significant advances in COVID-19 during the last two years, the world must do much
more to prepare for the emergence and development of viruses that may spread rapidly.

Methods:

This COVID-19 research project proposes a diagnosis component, an adaptive fuzzy
neural network technique, serving as a virus-based bio-nano communication network system that
can understand the behavior of the biological and nonbiological processes of COVID-19 virusbased
disease diagnosis and detect the pandemic at the early stage. The proposed method also
integrates multiple new communication technologies, allowing doctors to monitor and test patients
remotely.

Results:

As an outcome of this technique, the receiver biological nanomachines can adjust the
1/0-bit detection threshold according to the viruses previously encountered. This adjustment
contributes to the resolution of the intersymbol interference issue caused by residual particles
that arrive at the receiver owing to previous bit transmission and reception noise. Diffusionbased
coronavirus nanonetwork systems are evaluated using MATLAB simulations that consider
each detection strategy’s most crucial characteristics of the communication system environment.
The proposed technique’s performance is evaluated in the presence of different noisy channel
sources, which demonstrate a significant increase in uncoded bit error rate performance when
compared to the previous threshold detection systems.

Conclusion:

Thus, diffusion-based coronavirus nanonetwork systems can be the future tool to
investigate the existence of a specific type of virus that spreads through lung cells in the respiratory
system.
Protective Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Against Central Nervous
System Injury in Heat Stroke
Authors: Yuan Rui , Wang Lu , Deng Zi-Hui , Yang Meng-Meng , Zhao Yan , Hu Jie , Zhang Yu , Li Yun , Liu Meng , Liu Shi-Fei , Zhou Fei-Hu , Hanyu-Zhu  , Kang Hong-Jun
Published: May 2022

Background:

Heatstroke (HS) is a serious disease caused by central nervous system (CNS)
injuries, such as delirium, convulsion, and coma. Currently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have
demonstrated novel neuroprotective effects; therefore, this research explores the neuroprotective effects
and mechanisms of MSCs against HS injury.

Methods:

HS rat models were induced in a 40°C and 65% humidity environment until the rectal temperature
reached 42°C. The verified HS injury model rats were divided into the HS and MSCs-treated groups.
Each rat in the treated group was infused with 1x106 MSCs suspended in 0.3 ml physiological saline via
the tail vein. The HS- or MSCs-treated rats were further divided into early-stage (3d) and late-stage (28d).
HS rat models were induced by a high-temperature and high-humidity environment at a specific time, the
mortality was analyzed, and an automatic biochemical analyzer measured levels of liver and kidney function
indicators in the blood. The neurons' morphologic changes were observed through Nissl staining, and
neurological deficit scores were performed. Moreover, the levels of inflammatory factors in brain tissue
were measured using a multi-cytokine detection platform, and the expression of BDNF, phosphorylated
TrkB and P38 were detected by the Western Bolt.

Results:

MSCs injection significantly reduced mortality and alleviated liver and kidney function. Moreover,
the neurological deficit and neuronic edema of the hippocampus caused by HS at 3d and 28d were
significantly ameliorated by MSCs administration. Specifically, the injection of MSCs inhibited high
levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-17A caused by HS but elevated
the levels of IL-10 and IL-13 in the early period (3d); while in the later period (28d), MSCs significantly
increased the levels of IL-10 and IL-13 continuously and inhibited the high level of IL-17A. Furthermore,
MSCs injection increased the expressions of BDNF and phosphorylated TrkB (BDNF receptor),
meanwhile inhibiting the expression of phosphorylated P38 (inflammatory factor) in the brains of HS
rats in the early period (3d) but had no significant influence on the later period (28d).

Conclusions:

These results suggested that MSCs injection may provide therapeutic effects for HS in rats
by improving liver and kidney function and reducing CNS damage. Moreover, MSCs injection inhibited
the brain inflammatory response of HS rats, and the BDNF-TrkB and P38/MAPK signal pathways may be
involved, providing a potential mechanism for HS therapy by MSCs administration.
Integrated Pipelines for Inferring Gene Regulatory Networks from
Single-Cell Data
Authors: Chen Aimin , Zhou Tianshou , Tian Tianhai
Published: May 2022

Background:

Single-cell technologies provide unprecedented opportunities to study heterogeneity
of molecular mechanisms. In particular, single-cell RNA-sequence data have been successfully
used to infer gene regulatory networks with stochastic expressions. However, there are still substantial
challenges in measuring the relationships between genes and selecting the important genetic regulations.

Objective:

This prospective provides a brief review of effective methods for the inference of gene regulatory
networks.

Methods:

We concentrate on two types of inference methods, namely the model-free methods and
mechanistic methods for constructing gene networks.

Results:

For the model-free methods, we mainly discuss two issues, namely the measures for quantifying
gene relationship and criteria for selecting significant connections between genes. The issue for
mechanistic methods is different mathematical models to describe genetic regulations accurately.

Conclusions:

We advocate the development of ensemble methods that combine two or more methods
together.
Anticancer Potential of Thymoquinone: A Novel Bioactive Natural Compound from
Nigella sativa L.
Authors: Mir Prince Ahad , Mohi-ud-din Roohi , Banday Nazia , Maqbool Mudasir , Raza Syed Naeim , Farooq Saeema , Afzal Suhaib , Mir Reyaz Hassan
Published: May 2022

Cancer involves the uncontrolled division of cells resulting in abnormal cell growth due to various gene
mutations and is considered the second major cause of death. Due to drug resistance to current anticancer drugs, cancer
incidence is rising, and seeking effective treatment is a major concern. Natural products are prospective to yield unique
molecules, as nature is a leading source of various drug molecules due to plenty of pharmacologically active molecules.
Thymoquinone, a bioactive constituent obtained from Nigella sativa L., has drawn considerable attention among
researchers in recent years due to its anticancer potential involving various molecular targets, including initiation of
apoptosis initiation, arrest of cell cycle and generation of ROS, besides targeting multiple kinases such as tyrosine
kinase, MAPK, and Janus kinase. The current review summarizes the thymoquinone chemistry, sources and anticancer
potential involving various molecular targets.
Performance Analysis of SOI-Tunnel FET with AlxGa1-xAs Channel
Material
Authors: Chander Sweta , Sinha Sanjeet Kumar
Published: May 2022

Background:

Tunnel Field-effect transistor (TFETs) has appeared as a promising candidate
due to its steep slope (SS<60 mV/dec), which can be used for low-power applications

Objectives:

Authors investigated AlxGa1-xAs as the channel material in Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI)
TFETs and compared it to other existing channel materials, SiGe, Ge, Si, Ge, Strained Si, and GaAs.

Methods:

For the entire device study, the mole fraction x = 0.2 has been used in AlxGa1-xAs channel
material. The direct energy bandgap for Al0.2Ga0.8As has been used because the mole fraction is less
than 0.4. The Al0.2Ga0.8As-based device has been analyzed in terms of Direct Current (DC) and Alternating
Current (AC) characteristics using the Synopsys TCAD tool.

Results:

The proposed device offers enhanced switching speed with a high on/off ratio of ~1012 and a
steep subthreshold swing of 30 mv/dec As a channel material, Al0.2Ga0.8As also enhances the miller
capacitance of the device, which is one of the essential requirements of the device performance.

Conclusion:

In next-generation devices, Al0.2Ga0.8As as channel material and TFET device based on
this channel material act as a promising contender for low-power applications.
CORDIC KSVD based Online Dictionary Learning for Speech
Enhancement on ASIC/FPGA Platforms
Authors: Srinivas Krovvidi Naga Hanuma , Prabha Inty Santhi , Matcha Venu Gopala Rao
Published: May 2022

Background:

The enhancement of real-world speech signals is still a challenging task
to eliminate noises, namely reverberation, background, street, and babble noises. Recently
learned methods like dictionary learning have become increasingly popular and showed
promising results in speech enhancement. The K-means Singular Value Decomposition (KSVD)
algorithm is best suited for dictionary learning among many sparse representation algorithms.
Moreover, the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) based algorithm used for signal recovery is
given. The orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) based algorithm for signal recovery gives the
best enhancement results. On the other hand, FPGAs and ASICs are widely used to accelerate
speech enhancement applications. FPGAs are commonly used in healthcare and consumer
applications, where speech enhancement plays a crucial role.

Methods:

This paper proposes a modified KSVD algorithm that can easily be implemented onto
hardware platforms like FPGAs and ASICS. Instead of using the double-precision arithmetic for
the singular value decomposition part of the KSVD algorithm, we proposed to use CORDIC
(Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer) based QR decomposition and QR-based singular value
decomposition in dictionary learning.

Results:

The proposed KSVD algorithm is optimal with the CORDIC algorithm that can reduce
by 7-8 times the processing time.

Conclusion:

The finding indicates that the proposed work is best suited to FPGA or ASIC
platforms.
Roles of Natural Abscisic Acids in Fruits during Fruit Development and under Environmental Stress
Authors: Yuan Bing , Li Qian , Xu Yandan , Leng Ping
Published: May 2022

Phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates the growth and development of plants as well as their response to environmental changes. Recently, the regulations of ABA during fruit ripening and stress resistance were discovered in two types of fruits (climacteric and non-climacteric fruits). However, it is challenging to understand the physiological, biochemical, and molecular biological mechanisms in fruit ripening and stress response controlled by ABA. ABA is involved in fruit development processes, including young fruit growth, fruit ripening onset, ripening process and quality formation. Meanwhile, ABA plays an important role in fruit adapting to environmental stresses. ABA works through the adjustment of its concentration and signal transduction. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding ABA in the regulation of fruit development and ripening as well as in responses to environmental stresses.
Compound word Hindu religious terms in Bali
Authors: Suweta I Made , Tristananda Putu Wulandari , Widyasanti Ni Putu
Published: May 2022

The term Hinduism in Bali, as a religious culture, cannot be separated from the existence of the Balinese language, which has its position as the center of Balinese culture. Many Hindu religious terms in Bali are classified as compound words that need to be preserved. In connection with the importance of the study of Hindu religious compound words, there are several issues that need to be discussed which are formulated as follows: what is the structure, what is the function, and what is the meaning of compound words in Hindu religious terms in Bali? In this study, several theories and methods were used. Theories used in this study include structural linguistic theory and cultural linguistic theory. The method used includes the method of finding interview and observation data, while in the analysis of the data used descriptive qualitative methods are synchronous.
WHY ARE FARMERS WILLING TO JOIN PARTNERSHIPS IN ORGANIC RICE? CASE IN NGAWI ORGANIC CENTER COMMUNITY, EAST JAVA
Authors: Abdillah iffany Rahma , Tinaprilla Netti , Adhi Andriyono Kilat
Published: May 2022

Organic farming is more profitable because of the increasing demand and high product prices. However, it is not easy for farmers to decide on rice farming organically. Farmers faced obstacles such as limited capital, lack of knowledge about organic technology, and no price guarantee for organic farmers who have not been certified organic. It is necessary to develop some policies such as institutions. A partnership is one of the institution's solutions for farmers to increase their willingness to join organic rice farming. This research was conducted in Ngawi Regency, East Java, from March 2020. Ngawi Organic Center Community (KNOC) is a partner institution with experience in pioneering and fostering organic farmers. The research aims to analyze (1) the factors that influence organic rice farmers for decision-making partnership; (2, the mechanism of organic rice partnership; and (3) the benefits farmers get from the partnership. Logistic Regression used to analyze the factors that influence the farmers' decisions. Descriptive analysis is used to investigate the mechanism of organic rice partnership between organic rice farmers and KNOC. The descriptive analysis also describes the benefits of partnerships received by farmers. The study results show that farming experience, land area and frequency of extension significantly affect farmers' decision making. The organic rice partnership mechanism regulated in a written contract, with the Agribusiness Operational Cooperation partnership pattern. The high price of organic rice is the most profitable partnership benefit for farmers (81,67%).
THE INFLUENCE OF COMPENSATION ON THE MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE OF MSMEs EMPLOYEES IN THE PRODUCTION OF SANAN TEMPEH CHIPS
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Koestiono Djoko , Wahyuningtyas Agustina Shinta Hartati
Published: May 2022

The study aims to determine the influence of compensation on motivation and employee performance in the MSMEs production of sanan tempeh chips. This research is a type of explanatory research. The research method quantitatively uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis with the Warp Partial Least Square (WarpPLS) approach. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews using questionnaires, and field observations while secondary data were obtained through literature studies from various related sources. Selected 60 samples with simple random sampling technique as respondents in this study. The results showed that compensation had a positive and significant effect on motivation. Compensation also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Then motivation has a positive and significant influence on employee performance.
Spatial Based Economic Valuation of Coastal Area in Bontang
Authors:   Graduate Program in Tropical Ocean Economics, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Sulistianto Erwan ,   Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia, Anggraini Eva ,   Economic and Management Faculty, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Sadeli Agus ,   Economic and Management Faculty, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Fahrudin Achmad ,   Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Kusumastanto Tridoyo ,   Economic and Management Faculty, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Published: May 2022

Coastal areas have an important role in economic development. Development activities carried out on land and at sea can put pressure on ecosystems in coastal areas, thereby reducing the quality of the ecosystem services provided. Understanding the impact of development on ecosystems in coastal areas requires an economic assessment in order to provide input in the formulation of sustainable development policies. This article aims to estimate the economic value of ecosystems in coastal areas based on spatial. The economic valuation method used is the benefit transfer method, the travel cost method, and the replacement cost method. Mapping the economic value of coastal ecosystems based on spatial using Geographic Information System (GIS). The economic value of the coastal area is divided into 3 zones, namely zone 1, in the northern part of the Bontang River estuary, amounting to IDR 21,85 trillion/year; zone 2, between the Bontang River estuary and the Blusu River estuary amounting to IDR 48,20 trillion/year; and zone 3, in the southern part of the Blusu River estuary, amounting to IDR 45,67 trillion/year. The economic value of ecosystems in coastal areas based on the spatial obtained can explain the value lost due to ecosystem disturbances more specifically and clearly in certain zones.
The Impact of Tourism on Coastal Communities on Small Islands: Case on Pari Island, Seribu Islands Regency
Authors:   Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia, Triyono Triyono ,   Graduate Program in Environmental Science, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia, Barid Vera Bararah ,   Research Center for Population, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia, Sjafrie Nurul D. M. ,   Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia, Gunawan Budhi ,   Departemen of Anthropology, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia,   Center for Environment and Sustainability Science, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia, Ihsan Yudi Nurul ,   Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia, Yogaswara Herry ,   Research Center for Population, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: May 2022

Marine and coastal tourism in the small islands is one of the fastest-groing trourist activiities compared to the other tourism activities. However, along with the explosive growth of tourism activity, tourism has a potential impact on the small island; hence, the sustainability of tourism itself is questionable. This research was conducted in July-August 2021 on Pari Island, Seribu Islands Regency. This study aims to determine the impact of tourism development on the people's lives on Pari Island from the economic, socio-cultural, and political dimensions. The data were collected through a questionnaire with 317 respondents who were the head of the family; therefore, the data will analyze descriptively. The impact of tourism from the economic dimension is the development of livelihoods, reduced unemployment, improved quality of life, increased wages and income levels, despite an increase in the cost of living happened. From the socio-cultural dimension, there are limited residential areas for people who have moved to and from Pari Island. Then, it is known that tourism does not influence the local community's cultural changes. Meanwhile, from the political dimension, the community has been included in making decisions regarding tourism on this island.
Ecotourism Development Strategy in Maritime Conservation Area Warship HMAS Perth, Serang Regency, Banten Province
Authors:   Master Student of Enviromental Resources Management and Development, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia, Indriauan Muhammad Teddy , Hakim Luchman ,   Enviromental Resources Management and Development, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia, Kurniawan Andi ,   Enviromental Resources Management and Development, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
Published: May 2022

Determination of the sunken ship HMAS Perth in accordance with PERMEN KP 17/2008 article 8 paragraph 2 as a Maritime Conservation Area by appointing the Banten Provincial Government to manage maritime cultural protection areas. The research aims to analyze the condition of the biophysical, economic, social, cultural, institutional aspects, potential tourist attraction objects, readiness and community participation, and ecotourism development strategies. Calculation of scoring four aspects of the analysis, namely aspects of the biophysical environment (very bad), socio-economic aspects (very good), socio-cultural aspects (very bad), and institutional aspects (good). Recommendations from the analysis of aspects of tourist attraction for diving tourism are not suitable (33.33%), snorkeling tourism is not suitable (22.80%), seagrass tourism is not suitable (27.45%), surfing tourism is not suitable (33.83% ), beach recreation tourism is not suitable (32.14%), fishing tourism is suitable (88.88%), mangrove tourism is suitable (92.30%), underwater historic education tourism is suitable (120). Aspects of impact, community participation, community desires are in the very good category (180) and community perception is in a good category (150). The strategy for developing ecotourism is in quadrant III, maximizing the potential of underwater archaeology as a special interest tourist attraction that has historical value for foreign tourists so that it can increase the country's division.
The Impact of the Existence of the Seaweed Industry on the Socio-Economic Conditions of the Community in Suppa District, Pinrang Regency
Authors:   Fisheries Agrobusiness Study Program, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Tahang Hamzah , Wahid Abdul , Kasri Kasri , Irjayandi Irjayandi ,   Fisheries Agrobusiness Study Program, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University
Published: May 2022

This research has the aim of knowing the public's perception of the existence of the seaweed industry, describe social and economic changes before and after the seaweed industry, and the impact on the community on the existence of the seaweed industry. The research was carried out in April-June 2019 in Suppa District, Pinrang Regency. This type of research uses a survey research type taking samples from the research population. Sampling using simple random sampling with a sample of 30 people. Data was collected through direct interviews and questionnaires to a number of selected respondents. The data analysis used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results of this study indicate a positive response from the community about the existence of a seaweed industry built in their area. As many as 50% of the community stated that they strongly agreed with the existence of the seaweed industry and 67% of the local community expressed their interest in registering as workers in the seaweed industry. The existence of the seaweed industry can reduce the unemployment rate in Suppa District, Pinrang Regency. In addition, negative impacts also occur such as land disputes, pollution and also waste from the seaweed industry.
Rational Choice Institutionalism of Reclamation Permits at the Department of Marine and Fisheries Kepulauan Riau Province
Authors:   Department of Master Public Administration, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji, Kurnianingsih Fitri , Adhayanto Oksep ,   Department of Law Sciences, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji, Mahadiansar Mahadiansar ,   Department of Public Administration Sciences, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji, Setiawan Ramadhani ,   Department of Public Administration Sciences, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
Published: May 2022

This study will analyze the modification of reclamation permits in the Riau Islands Province (Kepri) to overcome various reclamation difficulties that are local and national challenges. Based on Governor's Regulation Number 26 of 2017 concerning Procedures for Granting Reclamation Permits in Coastal Areas and Small Islands, reclamation permits are in the hands of the Governor. However, in 2018, Pergub Number 31 of 2018 concerning the Implementation of One-Stop Services for the Riau Islands Province in Article 8 states that the Governor delegates licensing and non-licensing authority which are the affairs of the Riau Islands Provincial Government to regional heads of the relevant services. Rational Choice Institutionalism will evaluate the interaction process of relevant agencies and other players in the reclamation permit procedure within the boundaries of institutions that control and limit the activities of policy actors. The study technique used is qualitative with an interpretive analysis of each actor to describe the motivation to employ institutions as a reasonable choice. The results show that the process that occurs in the reclamation permit in the Riau Islands Province is the rational choice of institutionalism, namely the link between actors and the surrounding institutions. The need for changes to the performance and behavior of good institutionalism towards cooperation between other stakeholder actors for changes to good reclamation permits on an ongoing basis by the Kepri Provincial Government.