bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine learning and nomogram novel prognostic models based on LODDS for elderly breast cancer
Authors: Ma Rufei
Published: April 2024

Purpose Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor in women worldwide. This study is based on three machine learning (RF, XgBoost and GBM) and nomogram to explore the survival prognosis of positive lymph node logarithmic ratio (LODDS), lymph node ratio (LNR) in elderly BC.
Methods Information on elderly BC from 2010 to 2015 was collected from the SEER database, and clinical and pathological information on 23,893 elderly BC patients were included through screening criteria and randomized 7:3 into a training set and a test set. Univariate, multivariate cox regression and LASSO regression analyses were used to determine the prognostic factors, on the basis of which nomogram and machine learning models were constructed. The predictive efficacy of the models was evaluated by c-index and AUC.
Results 14 indicators Age, Marital, Grade, Subtype, Estrogen receptor (ER), Progesterone receptor (PR), Stage, T, N, Radiation, LODDS, bone metastasis, brain metastasis and liver metastasis as independent prognostic factors affecting CSS in older BC. The prognostic optimal cutoff values for age and LODDS were determined based on ROC, respectively 75 and 0.06. Fourteen variables were included in the model to construct Cox, RF, XgBoost and GBM models. The best predictive efficacy of the RF prognostic model was found by calculating C-index and AUC (C-index=0.811, AUC=0.881).
Conclusion LODDS staging has a better survival prognosis in older BC. Three machine learning and nomogram models are constructed based on the SEER database of elderly BC patients, which can intuitively predict the survival probability of elderly BC patients.
Investigation on Permeability Behavior of Open and Dense Graded Asphalt Mixes and Their Effect on Surface Runoff
Authors: Lokesh Yateen , Parate Harshad R , M Rajashekhar Swamy H , T Shreyas
Published: April 2024

Effectively managing stormwater runoff is crucial for minimizing the adverse impact of heavy rainfall events such as flooding and irrecoverable damages in asphalt pavements. To optimize stormwater management strategies and prevent flooding of roads and streets, it is essential to understand the structural, functional and durability behavior of both dense and open graded bituminous pavements under adverse rainfall conditions. The present study aimed to investigate a trial/Selected Grade (SG), Open Graded Friction Course (OGFC) as per IRC: 129-2019 and Bituminous Concrete Grade-2 (BC-2) with VG-40, PMB-40, and CRMB-55 as binders. Additionally, pelletized cellulose fibers (0.3% by weight of aggregates) and induction sensitive steel fibers (5% by weight of aggregates) were used only in SG and OGFC mixes for the study. The Marshall specimens prepared for the mentioned mixes were subjected to various laboratory tests to investigate and compare the structural, functional and durability characteristics. The laboratory results obtained were later used to compare, simulate and observe the behavior of the mentioned mixes to manage surface runoff and curb urban flooding using SCS Curve Number Method and QSWAT3-1.6.5 software. Koramangala in Bangalore city was selected as the potentially flood prone zone among 10 severely vulnerable zones and 19 moderately vulnerable zones for simulation based on Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike’s (BBMP’s) urban flood report for the year 2020-21. The research findings indicates that BC-2 possessed 25.11% better Marshall Stability and 2.65% better Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) compared to the open graded mixes (OGFC and SG) with CRMB-55 as binder. It was also observed that BC-2 had 7.11% more resistance to moisture compared to open graded mixes (OGFC and SG) with CRMB-55 as binder. On the contrary, among the open graded mixes, OGFC indicated 91.66% and 81.26% better permeability and abrasion resistance respectively compared to BC-2 mix. Based on the rainfall simulation conducted it was observed that the surface runoff on BC-2 mix using SCS Curve Number Method was 42.18% and using QSWAT3-1.6.5 software was 31.25% more than the open graded mixes considered for the study. The simulation also indicated that BC-2 mix had 30.07% more discharge than the open graded mixes. It was also observed that open graded mixes had 65.70% more infiltration compared to BC-2 mix. The research concludes that the open graded mixes are comparatively less strong than BC-2 mix but, on the contrary performs better in curbing urban floods and hence could be considered as a sustainable infrastructure solution.
Time-Frequency Analysis of Acoustic Backscattering In Tubing Structures: FPGA Implementation and Pareto Solution Optimization
Authors: mhamed hadji , elhanaoui abdelkader , skouri rachid , agounad said
Published: April 2024

This work presents recent research on the analysis of backscattered acoustic signals in thinner metallic tubing structures. We have devised a time-frequency algorithm tailored for FPGA utilization. We employed a novel method to implement a model for processing acoustic backscattered signals on the DE1 SOC, benefiting from its customizability, high performance, low latency, and energy efficiency. They are well-suited for real-time and computationally intensive applications where traditional computing platforms may fall short. In this paper, we focus on a Pareto solution to address problems involving multiple conflicting objectives, including time-frequency resolution, overlapping, real-time , and power consumption.. The study utilizes the reassigned smoothed pseudo Wigner-Ville analysis method to mitigate cross-term effects and achieve high-resolution spectral results leveraging the digital filtering method that plays a pivotal role in delineating the temporal contributions of individual circumferential waves within the comprehensive temporal signal. Our strategic approach not only contributes to the formation of the acoustic signature for the scrutinized structure but also, through the integration of Pareto solutions, optimally balances time–frequency clarity. The obtained findings suggest that the time–frequency representation and modal identification plane can serve as a viable alternative to the conventional modes theory, especially when dealing with homogeneous structures.
Atomic insights into the signaling landscape of E. coli PhoQ Histidine Kinase from Molecular Dynamics simulations
Authors: Lazaridi Symela , Yuan Jing , Lemmin Thomas
Published: April 2024

Bacteria rely on two-component systems to sense environmental cues and regulate gene expression for adaptation. The PhoQ/PhoP system exemplifies this crucial role, playing a key part in sensing magnesium (Mg2+) levels, antimicrobial peptides, mild acidic pH, osmotic upshift, and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, promoting virulence in certain bacterial species. However, the precise details of PhoQ activation remain elusive. To elucidate PhoQ's signaling mechanism at atomic resolution, we combined AlphaFold2 predictions with molecular modeling and carried out extensive Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Our MD simulations revealed three distinct PhoQ conformations that were validated by experimental data. Notably, one conformation was characterized by Mg2+ bridging the acidic patch in the sensor domain to the membrane, potentially representing a repressed state. Furthermore, the high hydration observed in a putative intermediate state lends support to the hypothesis of water-mediated conformational changes during PhoQ signaling. Our findings not only revealed specific conformations within the PhoQ signaling pathway, but also hold significant promise for understanding the broader histidine kinase family due to their shared structural features. Our approach paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of histidine kinase signaling mechanisms across various bacterial species and opens the door for developing novel therapeutics that target PhoQ modulation.
Evolution of One Health Agenda: A Review and Comparative Study of Global Health Discussions Pre and Post- COVID-19 Pandemic at the World Health Assemblies.
Authors: Sleem Adham , Dafallah Ibrahim , Nnagha Ekene , Rim Sehee , Boardman Sally
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
One Health is a health intervention framework that seeks to reinforce the health impacts of cross-cutting interactions between humans, animals, and the environment. Recently, with the increased number of emerging zoonotic diseases catalyzed by factors such as climate change, a renewed One Health approach emerged in global health dialog and strategies. The aim of this report was to assess the integration of new understanding of One Health in global health policy discussions and dialogs, reflecting initiatives and strategies for One Health from various countries around the world.
Methods:
We conducted a comparative study to track the frequency of member states, World Health Organization (WHO) staff, and nonstate actors addressing the One Health approach while addressing agenda items throughout the 72nd and 75th World Health Assemblies (WHA) (the last pre-COVID and first post-COVID World Health Assemblies, respectively), followed by a quantitative analysis of information, taking into account entity mentioning, specification, agenda item, details, and type of intervention. Additionally, we conducted a mini-literature review to offer a brief yet insightful summary of key references relevant to our work.
Results:
In 2019, the majority of the statements were made by Member States (90%), with just three statements from Non-State Actors and one from WHO staff on One Health in 2022; member states still dominated with 78.4%, but we saw a 9% increase in statements by WHO staff. Notably, from 2019 to 2022, the number of WHA statements mentioning one health status increased 1.6-fold, from 31 to 51. In 2022, statements for One Health appeared in diverse agenda points, such as governance and human resources for health and infectious and vector-borne diseases.
Conclusion:
The emergence of COVID-19, a zoonotic disease, stressed the importance of One Health for human health and might be a reason for the increase in interest in calls for One Health education and research as a way to prevent new zoonotic pandemics and environmental sustainability. One Health education and research initiatives are vital in preparing the healthcare workforce to respond to infectious diseases, as evidenced by the increased interest following COVID-19.
Short-term effects of NO2 on the risk of stroke hospitalization and interaction with climatic factors: a medical record-based study
Authors: Liu Zhuo , Ma Xiaojuan , Geng Yuhui , Chen Mingbo , Pan Ting , Meng Hua , Wang Xingtian , Lu Wenwen , Pan Dongfeng , Liang Peifeng
Published: April 2024

Background
Evidence for NO2 as a traffic sign pollutant on the risk of stroke in the population is deficient, and there is no clear evidence of an interaction with extreme meteorological conditions.
Methods
We used a generalized additive model to assess the independent effect of NO2 on stroke, plotted exposure-response curves to assess the relationship between ambient NO2 concentrations and the risk of hospitalization for stroke in the population, and stratified analyses to assess the presence of interactions between NO2 and temperature and humidity.
Findings
The single-day lagged and cumulative lagged effects of NO2 on the risk of HS hospitalization had the largest effect values at Lag0 (ER = 3.430, 95%CI: 1.326 ~ 5.577), Lag05 (ER = 4.643, 95%CI: 0.781 ~ 8.652), respectively; and the single-day lagged and cumulative lagged effects of NO2 on the risk of IS hospitalization had the largest effect value at The effect values were largest at Lag1 (ER = 2.076, 95%CI: 0.180 ~ 4.007) and Lag02 (ER = 3.347, 95% CI: 0.827 ~ 5.529).High temperature was synergistic with ambient NO2 on the risk of hospitalization in both HS and IS total populations (RERI = 0.083, 95%CI: 0.004 ~ 0.207), (RERI = 0.074, 95%CI: 0.009 ~ 0.168), and low RH and high RH synergistic with ambient NO2 on the risk of hospitalization in HS (RERI = 0.099, 95% CI: 0.052 to 0.142), (RERI = 0.127, 95% CI: 0.111 to 0.155).
Interpretation
Exposure to NO2 increases the risk of hospitalization related to hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes. NO2 and temperature or humidity interact with risk of stroke hospitalization with sex and age differences.
Object detection using CNN and YoloV5
Authors: QUreshi Minaam Reyaz , Bashir Amar , Ahiq Amaan , Pasargi Darshan , S Prof. Nikitha K.
Published: April 2024

A YOLOv5 model-based object detection software is presented in this paper. A number of forms of media sources, such as pictures, videos, and real-time videos, can be used with the program. Users can choose the location of the model weights, the media to be analyzed, the size of the image processing to be done, and more. After identifying items in the media, the script outputs those objects together with the bounding boxes that belong to them. It uses a method known as Non-Max Suppression (NMS) to get rid of duplicate detections and provides options for saving the results in several formats or seeing them right on the screen. For possibly better detection accuracy over time, the script can optionally be set up to update the YOLOv5 model weights.
Designing and Validating a Contextual Home-Based Physical Activity and Exercise Rehabilitation for Patients with Coronary Artery Disease in Low Resource Settings: Patients’ Experiences and Expert Opinions
Authors: Yaqoob Adnan , Barolia Rubina , Ladak Laila , Khan Aamir Hameed , Pannu Furqan Yaqub , Hanif Asif , Sahar Wajeeha
Published: April 2024

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation plays a significant role in patients' lives for returning to a healthy routine. Recovery from a heart attack without a structured cardiac rehabilitation program is incomplete or delayed. Unfortunately, structured cardiac rehabilitation centers are scarce in countries with limited resources, particularly Pakistan. Home-Based Physical Activity and Exercise Rehabilitation can be an excellent alternative to CBCR because of the barriers between patients and the institution. Literature extensively suggests low-cost secondary prevention strategies like CR for every cardiac patient who has experienced a cardiac event or has undergone any cardiac procedure.
Aim: This study explored patients’ and HCPs' experiences and opinions on developing and validating a convenient, home-based physical activity and exercise rehabilitation for a low-resource setting.
Methods: Qualitative data were collected from 30 Participants (20 patients and 10 HCPs) through in-depth semi-structured interviews using a purposive and snowball sampling technique between July and December 2023. The data were organized and analyzed using NVIVO and ATLAS.ti software. An inductive coding approach was used to generate codes, categories, and themes.
Results: Nine themes emerged from participants’ data: (1) Lack of Discharge Education by Healthcare Professionals, (2) No Written guidance - Patients’ Need Written Health Information, (3) Low Prescription and Challenges in Doing PA and Exercise, (4) Duration of Rest and Activities to Commence With, (5) Activities to be Performed Daily, (6) Activities to Improve Exercise Endurance, (7) Convenient and Safe Exercises, (8) Exercises for Patients with Joint Pain, (9) Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type of Exercise.
Conclusion: The present study’s findings align with recent literature, emphasizing the recommendation for early initiation of physical activity and exercise for heart patients. This contextual intervention based on patients and HCPs can improve patients' overall health after a heart attack.
Understanding the Cultural Crisis: A Web Scraping Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Perceptions and Media Patterns
Authors: Gebretensae Yacob
Published: April 2024

Social media platforms and online news channels have become even more essential during the COVID-19 pandemic, as they play a crucial role in distributing news widely in our digital era. News coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic has seen a substantial increase in speed, with information being quickly spread through both traditional media channels and social media platforms. Consequently, a surge in multiple conspiracy theories has caused individuals from different countries to raise unease about the safety and effectiveness of vaccines that were developed within a relatively short timeframe. Some key subjects discussed include the effectiveness of vaccines, different cultural perspectives on individual rights and public health in relation to vaccination, religious concerns about vaccines, and the prevalent skepticism and lack of trust in vaccines among both citizens and global communities. Our use of Python scripts allowed us to create a versatile solution for extracting, organizing, and interpreting data from the digital realm. This enabled us to track breaking news stories, analyze trends, and monitor mandatory regulations. This study utilized Python and web scraping techniques to conduct sentiment analysis. It aimed to examine the correlation between news flow and vaccine hesitancy and refusal across 29 countries. The analysis involved analyzing vaccine-related news and key terms. Our findings shed light on how news influences individuals' decisions to refuse vaccinations. Nevertheless, the sheer volume of information also concerns its precision and trustworthiness. Python scripting in web scraping has become increasingly crucial in navigating the vast online news coverage. By automating the process, these scripts enable users to stay well-informed, transparent, and proactive in an era where the dependability and significance of information are crucial.
Child-Oriented Foods (Snacks) in the Syrian Market: Food Additives Assessment
Authors: yousseef Manhal , Barhoom Ghinwa , Shalle Shahira
Published: April 2024

This study discusses the presence of various food additives in child-oriented snacks in the Syrian market. A total of 65 additives were found in the 603 snacks studied. The most common additives were E500 (Sodium carbonates), which is used as an acidity regulator, anticaking agent, and emulsifying agent, present in 35.7% of the products. Next was E322 (Lecithin), an antioxidant and emulsifier, found in 31.6% of the products. E551 (Silicon dioxide), a carrier and anti-foaming agent, was present in 26.4% of the products. E102 (Tartrazine), a color, was detected in 16.7% of the snacks. Also, the most commonly used colors, preservatives, acidity regulators, antioxidants, sweeteners, thickeners/stabilizers/emulsifiers, and flavor enhancers in Syrian child-oriented foods were determined. Some words like perfumes, enhancers, and natural or synthetic flavors were mentioned without specific additives being identified.
Efficient Graph Partitioning using LouvainSplit Algorithm
Authors: Javadi Mehrdad , Aghighi Hossein , Azadbakht Mohsen
Published: April 2024

Graph partitioning is essential for uncovering cohesive communities within complex networks. This paper introduces LouvainSplit, an innovative algorithm designed to enhance graph partitioning efficiency and accuracy. LouvainSplit leverages advanced techniques in feature representation, community detection, and evaluation, providing a robust framework for addressing challenges inherent in graph partitioning tasks across diverse domains. At its core, LouvainSplit utilizes a feature pyramid representation approach to extract both basic and summary features from input graphs at multiple granularity levels. This methodology ensures a subtle evaluation of graph data by capturing fundamental graph information alongside intricate structural patterns, thus offering a comprehensive representation of underlying community structures. A key innovation of our approach is the integration of the Louvain algorithm, renowned for its efficacy in community detection. By leveraging pairwise cosine similarities computed from node feature vectors, the Louvain algorithm optimizes modularity iteratively, effectively partitioning graphs into cohesive communities. This iterative process facilitates the identification of significant network structures within complex networks, providing valuable insights into their organizational dynamics. To comprehensively evaluate LouvainSplit's performance, we integrated diverse graph partitioning algorithms, including PyMetis, Genetic Algorithm (GA), DBSCAN, KMeans, OPTICS, and spectral clustering to evaluate the effectiveness of LouvainSplit and using popular evaluation metrics across diverse benchmarks spanning various domains and graphs. The results demonstrate LouvainSplit's superiority in terms of recall score, modularity, and scalability compared to existing methods. Moreover, LouvainSplit maintains competitive average runtime values, ensuring efficient processing even with large-scale datasets.
The Causal Relationship Between Obesity and Mechanical Complications of Prosthesis After Arthroplasty: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: He Bin , Hou Zhiao , Wang Zicheng , Chen Ji , Deng Qiu , Xiang Tao , Xiao Hong
Published: April 2024

Background: Observational studies have identified associations between Obesity and Mechanical Complications of Prosthesis After Arthroplasty. But such studies are susceptible to reverse causation and residual confounding. In addition, there was a lack of randomization control studies to estimate the causal relationship. Here we used Mendelian randomization to assess whether the association might be causal.
Methods: In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with obesity was extracted as instrumental variables from the Gene-Wide Association Study database (GWAS). Data on genetic variants of Mechanical Complications of Prosthesis was obtained from the Finnish database. Heterogeneity of the data was assessed using IVW, MR-Egger and Cochran's Q statistics. Potential causality was assessed using inverse variance weighting, Mendelian randomisation Egger, and weighted median methods.
Results: Inverse variance-weighted regression associated Complications of Prosthesis After Arthroplasty with body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference (all odds ratios＞1, P＜0.05). Heterogeneity was minimal and no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy was found.
Conclusion: Our results enriched findings from previous epidemiology studies and provided evidence from MR that obesity is a risk factor for complications of prosthesis after arthroplasty.
The discovery of Borealis mud volcano: a natural sanctuary for threatened Arctic species
Authors: Panieri Giuliana , Argentino Claudio , Savini Alessandra , Ferré Bénédicte , Mattingsdal Rune , Ramalho Sofia , Eilertsen Mari , Eidvin Tor , Youngs Sarah , Colson Beckett , Michel Anna , Kapit Jason , Hemmateenejad Fereshteh , Swanborn Denise , Roger Alex , Mazzini Adriano , Angeles Ines Barrenechea , Polteau Stephane , Kalenitchenko Dimitri , Buenz Stefan
Published: April 2024

This paper presents the recent discovery of Borealis, a submerged mud volcano systemlocated in the Polar North Atlantic, distinct from the numerous methane seepages previously identified in the region. In situ observations using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) have captured the expulsion of warm (11.5°C) Neogene sediments and the eruption of methane-dominated fluids from a localised site within a ~500 m diameter crater. The seafloor around Borealis comprises laterally extensive carbonate deposits, suggesting long-lasting diffuse methane migration. Sampling and seafloor images reveal that Borealis hosts unique habitats thriving in the low-oxygen environments around methane seeps. Additionally, the irregualry shaped carbonate structures serve as a natural refuge from bottom trawling as well as a substratum for sessile fauna and function as nursing grounds for threatened fish species. This discovery in the Polar North Atlantic highlights the ecological value of cold seep ecosystems, which play a critical role in biodiversity by acting as sanctuaries for marine species, hence emphasising the importance of their conservation.
Exploring Wealth Dynamics: A Comprehensive Big Data Analysis of Wealth Accumulation Patterns
Authors: Rezaul Karim Mohammed , Khan Mifta Uddin , David Nnamdi Williams , Siddiquee Kazy Noor e Alam , Jannat Tajnuva , Islam Md Shabiul
Published: April 2024

The study offers a thorough examination of the accumulation and distribution of wealth among billionaires through the application of big data analytics methodologies. This research centres on an extensive dataset known as "Billionaires.csv," which encompasses a range of information about billionaires from diverse nations, including their demographic characteristics, company particulars, sources of wealth, and more details. The study aims to get a deeper understanding of the determinants that change the net worth of billionaires and detect trends in the worldwide financial system that can guide entrepreneurial ventures and investment possibilities. The dataset is subjected to analysis and visualisation through the utilisation of Python tools and libraries, including but not limited to Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, and Seaborn. The results of this study offer valuable insights into the distribution of wealth among billionaires, the factors that contribute to industry success, gender disparities, age demographics, and other factors that influence the accumulation of billionaire wealth.
Perceived Organizational Support Scale: Translation and validation in Greek
Authors: Moisoglou Ioannis , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Gallos Parisis , Kolisiati Antigoni , Tsiachri Maria , Tsakalaki Anastasia , Galanis Petros
Published: April 2024

Background
Organizational support is crucial to improve workers self-confidence, productivity and creativity.
Aim
To translate and validate the “Perceived Organizational Support” (POS) scale in Greek.
Methods
Our sample included 114 nurses in Greece. We performed our study during April 2024. We employed the forward-backward method to translate and adapt the POS in Greek language. We examined the construct validity of the POS by performing confirmatory factor analysis. We examined the concurrent validity of the POS using the “Quiet Quitting Scale” (QQS), the single item burnout measure, and the “Global Transformational Leadership” (GTL) scale. We examined the reliability of the POS by calculating Cronbach’s alpha.
Results
The POS showed very good psychometric properties. Our confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the one-factor structure of the POS. Concurrent validity of the Greek version of the POS was very good. We found statistically significant correlations between the POS and QQS (r = -0.233, p = 0.013), and GTL (r = 0.590, p < 0.001). We found that the POS had very good reliability since intraclass correlation coefficients for the eight items were higher than 0.798 (p < 0.001 in all cases). Moreover, Cronbach’s coefficient alpha for the POS was 0.946.
Conclusions
The Greek version of the “Perceived Organizational Support” scale is a reliable and valid tool to measure organizational support among employees.
Tributyrin Protects the Colon from DSS-induced Colitis
Authors: Brantley Kennedy , Cox Ellie , Pham Leah , Lawler Baylee , Banks Mallory , Fuller Isabella , Essien Bryan
Published: April 2024

Background & Aims: Tributyrin (TB) is a stable form of butyrate. Butyrate is a major short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber in the colon by commensal bacteria. Studies have shown that butyrate maintains the differentiated state of the colon and is a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent. In addition, butyrate stimulates the host’s innate immune system. We have established that butyrate stimulates ZBP gene expression and serotonin (5HT) production, which subsequently stimulates the release of antimicrobial peptides during the infection by Salmonella typhimurium. We investigated whether tributyrate modulates gut homeostasis and cellular functions during inflammation-driven colitis.
Method: We used dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice model using C57/B6J mice. 10 male group of mice received DSS in water and were given a normal rodent chaw diet without tributyrin supplement. 10 male group of mice received DSS in water and were given a normal rodent chaw diet with tributyrin supplement.
Result: Tributyrin prevented weight loss which was significantly observed in mice treated with DSS without tributyrin in diet. Additionally, tributyrin prevented colon shortening and significantly suppresses inflammation. Mice treated with DSS alone exhibited significant clinical scores, whereas mice receiving DSS with Tributyrin were trending towards recovery after day 5. Furthermore, histological studies revealed that tributyrin significantly impeded the development of inflammation, epithelial damage and hyperplasia in DSS-induced mice model.
Conclusion: These results indicated that tributyrin mitigates the inflammatory effects of DSS on mucosal epithelial tissue, presumably due in part to 5HT production in response to butyrate.
Barriers and facilitators to medication adherence in patients after PCI surgery: A mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Fang Yong , Jiang Zhili , Han Zhihao , Dong Fanghong , Chen Dili , Xiang Xinyue , Huang Lihua
Published: April 2024

Aims
To systematically synthesize the quantitative and qualitative evidence on barriers and facilitators to medication adherence in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) surgery.
Background
Medication adherence in patients after PCI surgery is paramount in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. While numerous studies have explored factors influencing medication adherence in patients and devised intervention strategies to improve it, these interventions often remain limited to medication reminders and health education, with less-than-optimistic outcomes. A comprehensive understanding of barriers and facilitators to medication adherence in patients after PCI surgery and the development of integrated intervention strategies may prove to be more effective.
Design:
A convergent integrated mixed-methods systematic review was conducted using the JBI approach.
Methods
Literature on barriers and facilitators of medication adherence in patients after PCI surgery was systematically searched in English and Chinese databases including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and CBM, from inception to March 1, 2023. Screening of literature was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two researchers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment. The analysis of barriers and facilitators of medication adherence in patients was based on the six sub-components of the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior (COM-B) model. The systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022338400).
Results
A total of 15 studies were included in the analysis, encompassing 3 qualitative studies, 5 cross-sectional studies, and 7 cohort studies. The research identified 30 influencing factors that were categorized into six sub-components (physical capability, psychological capability, reflective motivation, automatic motivation, physical opportunity, and social opportunity).
Conclusion
Identifying of barriers and facilitators of medication adherence within the six categories of the COM-B model in patients undergoing PCI can serve as a foundation for developing intervention strategies. It is recommended to implement comprehensive approaches that target factors in different domains to improve medication adherence among PCI patients.
14-year experience of National Reference Center for Rotavirus A in Belgium: unusual dominance of equine-like G3P[8] genotype after the pandemic
Authors: Karatas Mustafa , Bloemen Mandy , Cuypers Lize , Wollants Elke , Ranst Marc Van , Matthijnssens Jelle
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Despite vaccine availability, rotavirus persists as a leading cause of gastroenteritis in children under five years of age, and continued surveillance of circulating genotypes is needed to monitor their evolution.
Methods
We collected 8024 rotavirus positive samples throughout Belgium between 2009 and 2023. For 6352 samples we were able to determine the G and/or P genotypes through sequencing of the genes encoding the outer capsid proteins VP7 and VP4.
Results
In the pre-pandemic period, we received an average of 622 samples per season, which decreased to 114 and 111 samples during the two pandemic seasons. In the first post-pandemic season we observed a peak surge of 1048 samples. Notably, the proportion of cases in the 2-5-year-old age group increased from 20.3% before the pandemic to 33% after the pandemic (p<0.001). Over the 14-year study period, the most common genotypes were G2P[4], G3P[8], and G9P[8]. Post-pandemic data show an unusually strong dominance of the “equine-like G3P[8]” genotype in two consecutive seasons (2021-2023). These equine-like G3P[8] strains are strongly associated with the DS-1-like genotype constellation and were first identified in 2014-2015 in Belgium. Additionally, a significant overrepresentation of vaccinated individuals was found within the equine-like VP7 carrying G3P[8]-infected patient samples compared to infections with other genotypes, including typical human VP7 G3P[8].
Conclusion
Despite the presence of typical seasonal genotype fluctuations, the pandemic seems to be associated with several epidemiological changes, including the unusually strong dominance of an emerging rotavirus strain, against which currently used vaccines may be less effective. It is important to continue close monitoring of this strain to investigate whether this is a temporary phenomenon or if these strains may pose an increased public health threat.
Pengaruh Pencahayaan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Kantor Swarna Hutama Loka Asia, Bali
Authors: Wijanarko Elena Luwiska , Liunsanda Griffita , Hendra Sheryn Meivy , Raniasta Yohanes Satyayoga
Published: April 2024

Title: The Lighting Effect on Employee Performance in the Swarna Hutama Loka Asia, Bali Office
Lighting is one of the essential aspects to support daily human activities. The result of the reflection of light onto an object allows us to see clearly and comfortably so that the work can be done correctly. A good workspace should fulfill the comfortability aspects of its users. One of them is visual comfort, which affects worker performance and productivity. Optimal employee performance and productivity can be achieved if the comfort points in the workspace comply with standards, i.e., the lighting design provisions for the workspace layout and the required light intensity. The research method used in this study is a comparative method with a combined methods approach, namely by comparing the results of qualitative (respondents' questionnaire) and quantitative (measurement of light intensity and Window Wall Ratio) methods according to SNI 03-6575-2001 standards: Procedures for designing artificial lighting systems in buildings. This method is used to analyze the lighting and visual comfort of the room and its relation to the productivity of Swarna Hutama Loka (SHL) Asia’s office users. Generally, if employees feel comfortable with the workplace's lighting intensity, their performance and productivity will also increase. However, it does not always work in some conditions due to factors other than lighting, such as furniture arrangement and environmental adaptation, which are not included in this research.
Hidup Hijau di Tepi Air
Authors: Tanuwidjaja Gunawan , Darmosugondo Audrey Ryuka Puspita , Mintalangi Priscilla Allodya
Published: April 2024

Title: Green Living by the Water; Testing Punggol Waterway Terraces as a Model for Eco-Friendly Apartment Design in Singapore
This research discusses the importance of green architecture and green low-cost apartments in addressing the discord between the environment and society, particularly in developing new cities like the National Capital of Nusantara. This concept began gaining recognition in 2013 in Singapore, which has adopted the principles of Green Building. One successful example is the Punggol Waterway Terraces Apartment, which emphasizes sustainable design while considering resource efficiency and social inclusivity. Although this concept offers significant benefits, several challenges remain, including costs, accessibility, and efficiency. This study proposes research on the Green Low-Cost Apartment concept, focusing on the Punggol Waterway Terraces Apartment as a successful example. The research method used is Case Study Research, and the results highlight the design, facilities, costs, and innovations related to this concept. Punggol Waterway Terraces is part of Punggol Eco-town, a sustainable and innovative solutions laboratory. However, some weaknesses, such as lack of building maintenance and privacy, must be addressed. Nonetheless, this apartment demonstrates HDB's seriousness in realizing the concept of 'Green Living by the Waters' by implementing various green technologies and good social facilities. Thus, this apartment becomes a successful case study supporting sustainable development in Singapore.
Noise-induced transport in the Aubry-André-Harper model
Authors: Bhakuni Devendra Singh , L. M. Lezama Talía , Bar Lev Yevgeny
Published: April 2024

We study quantum transport in a quasiperiodic Aubry-André-Harper (AAH) model induced by the coupling of the system to a Markovian heat bath. We find that coupling the heat bath locally does not affect transport in the delocalized and critical phases, while it induces logarithmic transport in the localized phase. Increasing the number of coupled sites at the central region introduces a transient diffusive regime, which crosses over to logarithmic transport in the localized phase and in the delocalized regime to ballistic transport. On the other hand, when the heat bath is coupled to equally spaced sites of the system, we observe a crossover from ballistic and logarithmic transport to diffusion in the delocalized and localized regimes, respectively. We propose a classical master equation, which in the localized phase, captures our numerical observations for both coupling configurations on a qualitative level and for some parameters, even on a quantitative level. Using the classical picture, we show that the crossover to diffusion occurs at a time that increases exponentially with the spacing between the coupled sites, and the resulting diffusion constant decreases exponentially with the spacing.
Audit expectation gap: Evidence from Morocco
Authors: El Badlaoui Anass , Naji Saida , Chegri Badreeddine
Published: April 2024

Global scandals and the collapse of major entities without any prior warning have undermined stakeholder confidence in the auditing profession and have shown that users of financial statements may have different opinions on the auditors’ responsibilities, highlighting the audit expectation gap. The present study aims to identify the existence of an audit expectation gap and its components in an emerging country, namely Morocco. For this purpose, a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale was randomly administered to 152 respondents, including auditors, investors, managers, bankers, and academics. The study explores the audit expectation gap under several components, such as the auditor’s general responsibilities, auditor’s independence, his/her responsibility to prevent and detect fraud, his/her responsibility in assessing internal control, his/her responsibility in assessing the going concern assumption and audit report. The results of this paper show evidence of the audit expectation gap in Morocco in the studied components, except the audit report. The results of the study encourage public decision-makers and professional audit bodies in Morocco to adopt an expanded audit report containing more information on the audit mission and auditors’ and management’s responsibilities. On the other hand, training and education sessions on the nature and functions of auditing should be provided on an ongoing basis to the various users of audit reports.
Bir Sosyal Devlet Uygulaması Olarak Korumalı İşyerleri: Down Kafeler Özelinde Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Durmuş Gökmen , Arslan Ahmet
Published: April 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı; T.C. 1982 Anayasası’nın 2. Maddesi’nde yer alan “sosyal devlet ilkesi”nin bir gereği olarak bakıma muhtaç bireylerin topluma kazandırılması adına uygulamada var olması gereken engellilerin istihdamını sağlamaya yönelik korumalı işyerini konu edinmiştir. Engelliler toplum içinde göz ardı edilen farklı durumlara/yeteneklere sahip bireylerdir. Bu bireylerin hayata bağlanması ve korumalı işyerlerinin çatısı altında ekonomik hayata dâhil olmasının ne derece gerçekleştiği bu çalışmada kavramsal düzeyde ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca Anayasa’nın 49, 50 ve 61. Maddelerinde yer alan; çalışma hakkı, çalışma şartları, ödevi ve dinlenme hakları ile sosyal güvenlik bakımından özel olarak korunması gerekenleri belirten yasalar ve Büyükşehir Belediye Özürlü Hizmet Birimleri Yönetmeliği kapsamına giren ilgili mevzuat değerlendirilmiş, akabinde mevcut yasaların iyileştirilmesine yönelik birtakım öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Türkiye’de engelli istihdamının OECD ve bazı Avrupa ülkelerine kıyasla geride kaldığı, bu anlamda geliştirilmesi gereken korumalı işyerleri için daha fazla adımın atılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada korumalı işyeri pratiği down kafeler özelinde Türkiye’den ve dünyadan örneklerle mukayeseli olarak incelenmiştir. Türkiye’de down kafelerin bağlı olarak hizmet verdiği kurumlar tahlil edildiğinde ise yaklaşık yüzde 55’nin belediyelere, yüzde 35’nin dernek ve vakıflara, yüzde 10’unun ise özel kesim girişimlerine ait olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Türkiye örnekleminde özel kesim ve belediyelerin birlikte organize ettiği down kafe sayısının yetersiz kaldığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak yasal altyapısı olsa da korumalı işyerlerinin daha yaygın hâle gelebilmesi ve fonksiyonlarını tam anlamıyla yerine getirebilmeleri için ilgili yasal mevzuatın daha esnek ve uygulanabilir olmasına yönelik adımlar atılması gerekmektedir.
The History and Future of Ceramic Sculpture: From Ancient Clay Figures to Modern 3D Printing
Authors: Bozdemir Oğuz
Published: April 2024

This research aims to examine the history and future of ceramic sculpture, evaluating the development of this significant art form. It observes the role and evolving face of ceramic sculpture art from ancient times to the present, discussing its potential in the future. In ancient times, people used ceramic sculptures to express their religious and mythological beliefs. Civilizations such as Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire reflected their beliefs and cultures through ceramic sculptures. During the Middle Ages and Renaissance periods, artisans produced ceramic sculptures to enhance the aesthetic and religious aspects of churches' interior decoration. The sculptures from these periods stood out for their traditional craftsmanship and handmade techniques. With the onset of the modern era, technological advancements have fundamentally transformed ceramic sculpture art. Artists have observed diversity and change in the artistic expressions of ceramic sculptures as they address societal, political, and environmental issues, creating new and contemporary works. The relationship between ceramic art and technology has continued to grow, especially with the recent advancements in 3D printing technology, which provide artists with greater creative freedom and allow for the creation of more complex forms and details in sculptures. While ceramic sculpture art remains an essential part of our cultural heritage, artists will continue to shape the thoughts and societal consciousness of people through ceramic sculptures in the future. As a form of art that has evolved throughout history, ceramic sculpture art will persist in representing the creativity and freedom of expression of artists, enhancing the artistic experiences of individuals with the conveniences brought about by technology.
Çocuk Hakları, Tarihî Gelişimi ve Çocuk Suçluluğu
Authors: Zorlu Süleyman Emre , Bilgin Sena
Published: April 2024

Toplumların huzur ve refahı, gelecek yaşamlarının daha kaliteli ve verimli bir hâl alması, toplumu oluşturan bireylerin kişisel özellikleriyle yakından ilgilidir. Bireylerin topluma yararlı, üretken ve saygın bir karaktere sahip olabilmesinin temeli ise çocukluk dönemleridir. Çocuk gelişimine uygun olarak geçirilen huzurlu ve mutlu bir çocukluk sağlıklı ve üretken bir yetişkinliğe gebedir. Çocukların yetişmesinde ve çocuk gelişimine uygun bir çocukluk geçirmelerinin en önemli etkenlerinden birisi de çocuk haklarıdır. Ülkemizde uygulanan mevcut hukukumuza göre 18 yaşını doldurmamış her birey çocuk olarak kabul edilmiştir. Çocukların haklarının neler olduğu ve hukuk düzenince ne kadar korunduğu çocuğun gelişiminde önemli bir rol oynar. Anayasamız ve kanun maddelerinde, çocuğun başta yaşam hakkı olmak üzere çocuk haklarıyla ilgili birçok düzenleme bulunmaktadır. Uluslararası sözleşmeler kanun değerindedir ve Türkiye’nin tarafı olduğu BM Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi ile ülkemizde bulunan çocuklar, din, dil, ırk, milliyet, cinsiyet vb. bir ayrıma tabi olmaksızın bu sözleşmede yer alan birçok hakka sahiptir. Çocukların himaye edilmeye ve korunmaya muhtaç yapısı, işledikleri veya işleyecekleri fiil veya davranışların anlam ve önemini kavrama yeteneklerinin tam olarak gelişmemesi ve bu sebeple kolay kandırılabilmeleri sebebiyle maalesef çocuk suçluluğu her toplumun ciddi sorunlarından birisi olmuştur. Ülkemizde de bu durum önemli sorunların başında gelmektedir. Çalışmamızda çocuk hakları bağlamında çocuk suçluluğu, çocukları suça iten nedenler ile onlara uygulanacak kanuni hükümler ele alınacaktır.
Orta Asya Türk Cumhuriyetlerinde Dış Ticaret, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Yoksulluk İlişkisi
Authors: Ceylan Ayşe , Şahbaz Ahmet
Published: April 2024

Klasik ve Neo-Klasik İktisat kuramları, ülke ekonomilerinin dışa açılmasıyla birlikte ekonomik büyümelerinin artacağını savunmaktadır. Ayrıca serbest dış ticaret ile ülkeler arasındaki iş bölümü ve uzmanlaşma da artacaktır. Bu yolla da ülkelerin üretiminin ve dolayısıyla refahının artacağı ileri sürülmektedir. İnsanlık tarihi boyunca da ülkeler hem kendi içinde hem de uluslararası ticaret yapabilmek amacıyla İpek Yolu, Baharat Yolu gibi yollar oluşturmuşlardır. Günümüzde ise ulaşım ve iletişim gibi teknolojik unsurların artmasıyla küreselleşme artmış ve birçok ülke ticareti engelleyen tarife ve/veya kotaları indirmeye başlamıştır. Dış ticaretin serbestleşmesi sonucunda ülke ekonomileri daha geniş pazarlara ulaşma fırsatını yakalamışlardır. Böylece gelişen ekonomilerde teknolojide ve verimlilikte ilerlemeler gerçekleşmiştir. Söz konusu ilerlemelerle birlikte bu ekonomilerde büyüme oranlarında da yükselmeler meydana gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda, dışa açık olan ekonomilerde bireylerin geliri ve dolayısıyla tüketimi, refah düzeyi, gelir dağılımı ve tüm bunlara bağlı olarak yoksulluk da doğrudan etkilenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türk Cumhuriyetlerinde dış ticaret, ekonomik büyüme ve yoksulluk ilişkisinin ortaya konmasıdır. Çalışmada Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Özbekistan, Tacikistan, Türkiye ve Türkmenistan’a ait veriler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler 1990-2022 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Çalışmada ülkelerin dış ticaret, ekonomik büyüme ve yoksulluk ilişkisinin analizi için panel veri analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Panel Granger nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre; kişi başına düşen gelirden reel tüketime doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik bulunmaktadır. Reel tüketimden dışa açıklığa doğru, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlardan reel tüketime doğru tek yönlü ve kişi başına düşen gelirden dışa açıklığa doğru nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmuştur. Ayrıca doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ile kişi başına düşen gelir arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmaktadır.