bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transitioning between clinical and academic practice from the perspectives of clinical academic trainees, academic training programme directors and academic supervisors: a mixed methods study
Authors: Payne Ruth , Frejah Isabella , Abbey Elizabeth , Badcoe Rosemary , Delaney Brigitte , Mitchell Caroline
Published: February 2025

Background

The career pathway of clinical academics in the UK is challenging. To pursue academic endeavors, trainees often undertake approved time ‘Out of Programme for Research’ (OOPR), a standalone research fellow post or join an ‘Integrated Academic Training’ pathway. Time out of training may impact their clinical skills, confidence and competency. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the challenges associated with returning to clinical training after prolonged leave for academic trainees.

Methods

Stakeholders were clinical academic trainees and supervisors within the Yorkshire and Humber region of England, and training programme academic leads from universities across England. Qualitative data-analyses of verbatim recorded data from three focus groups and 12 individual telephone interviews were conducted within an a priori framework.

Results

Returning to a high-stress environment with a perceived lack of specialty-level advocacy and support, feeling isolated from peers, struggling to balance competing demands, meet clinical and academic expectations and managing clinical deskilling in a trainee’s return to clinical training were common experiences described by stakeholders. There was a lack of recognition from academic leads, however, on the impact of such challenges on the trainees’ subsequent ability to successfully integrate their clinical and academic careers. Various solutions were identified by stakeholders to overcome such barriers, including a normalised, phased, individualised supported return to work and capacity building for supervisors.

Conclusions

There is an apparent disconnect between the clinical and academic world, with clinical academic trainees stuck between the two, being pulled by each, feeling like they are not quite meeting the expectations of either. Time away from training for trainees on OOPR is often longer than for other reasons for time out of programme (typically 3–4 years if completing a doctoral degree). Given the importance of clinical academics in bridging clinical research and practice, and the concerns recently raised about the rate of attrition of clinician scientists within the NHS, it is of the utmost importance that clinical academic trainees are supported throughout all stages of their careers.
Comparison of sectorial and financial data for ESG scoring of mutual funds with machine learning
Authors: Martin-Melero Inigo , Gomez-Martinez Raul , Medrano-Garcia Maria Luisa , Hernandez-Perlines Felipe
Published: February 2025

Recently, funds and corporations have adopted environmental/social/governance (ESG)-related criteria as increasingly important criteria when evaluating investments. The ESG scores of mutual funds, which pool money from many individuals, are, therefore, significant as a sign of social commitment and deliver long-term results for investors deciding in which fund to invest. However, this scoring process is not transparent, and computing ESG scores requires an extensive review and monitoring of accountancy data. In this study, Machine Learning (ML) was employed to predict six ESG scores of 3192 mutual funds by comparing the performance of the models built solely using 13 variables of ESG-controversial sectorial involvement and 37 variables of financial data. In both cases, three classification and three regression algorithms were applied to the 72 simulations. The results demonstrate an acceptable fit of the Random Forest and Gradient Boosting algorithms in regression exercises (R2 values of 60–80%) and good prediction capabilities for classification (accuracies of approximately 70–80%). The models obtained similar performance when predicting ESG scores either from financial data or ESG-controversial sectorial involvement, illustrating how financial variables are good predictors of ESG scores as data on direct involvement in non-ESG funds’ activities. Thus, a relationship between the financial performance of a fund and its ESG score exists and is predictable by ML, saving time and resources.
Association of apple powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) and anthracnose (Neofabraea malicorticis) epidemics with environmental factors and agronomic practices in Chencha highlands, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Arato Asnake Abera , Mengesha Getachew Gudero , Biress Zemenu Fentahun , Borano Biniam Boraysho
Published: February 2025

Apple powdery mildew and anthracnose are widely distributed and major constraints on apple production around the world. The objective of the study was to determine powdery mildew and anthracnose prevalence, intensity, and association between biophysical factors. To this effect, field assessments were conducted in Chencha highlands of southern Ethiopia during the 2021 and 2022 production years. A multistage random sampling approach was followed for data collection, and the association between disease severity and biophysical factors was analyzed using a logistic regression model. A total of 164 apple orchards were inspected in five of the top apple-producing farmer associations (FAs) in the district. Results showed that the diseases were prevalent in apple fields, although the level of importance varied among FAs. Mean powdery mildew and anthracnose severity were lower in 2021 (23.56 and 22.39%) than in 2022 (28.89 and 26.11%), respectively. Age of tree, cropping system, disease status and management, yield, and weed showed highly significant (P < 0.0001) associations with powdery mildew and anthracnose severity. Likewise, altitude, production year, survey site, and relative humidity were significantly (P < 0.0001–0.05) associated with anthracnose severity in both single and multiple reduced variable models. In the model, precipitation was highly significant (P < 0.0001) in association with powdery mildew severity than anthracnose. Aged trees, monocropping, disease, and weed management, along with favorable environmental conditions, were highly contributing factors to the high (> 26% for powdery mildew and > 24% for anthracnose) disease severity in the model. Conversely, recently established orchards (≤ 5 years), mixed crops with legumes, and pruning with appropriate sanitation applied as disease management practices contributed to low (< 26% for powdery mildew and < 24% for anthracnose) disease severity. In conclusion, the current study indicated that powdery mildew and anthracnose diseases were major constraints on apple production, and their epidemic development was significantly influenced by biophysical factors. Hence, the findings may provide a basis for developing powdery mildew and anthracnose sustainable management strategies, which would ensure apple production in the study areas and in agro-ecologies of a similar kind elsewhere. Thus, following intercropping and/or mixed cropping and proper disease and weed management, along with other good agronomic practices, is suggested to manage the two diseases in the area and other related agroecologies.
Influence of Bariatric Surgery on Endothelial and Glycocalyx Biomarkers in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Andersson Maja , Ågren Anna , Henriksson Peter , Wallén Håkan , Thorell Anders
Published: February 2025

Context

Bariatric surgery is associated with reduced risk of cardiometabolic disease in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The mechanisms are not fully understood, but improvement in endothelial dysfunction has been implicated.

Objective

This work aimed to assess endothelial biomarkers before and after surgery.

Methods

A prospective cohort study with 2-year follow-up was conducted at a single center in Stockholm, Sweden. Participants included adults undergoing bariatric surgery, 28 with and 33 without T2D. Intervention included Roux-en-Y gastric bypass preceded by a 2-week low-calorie diet (LCD). Main outcome measures included plasma concentrations of glycocalyx biomarkers (hyaluronan [HA] and syndecan-1), E-Selectin, von Willebrand factor (VWF), and thrombomodulin (TM).

Results

At baseline, patients with diabetes had higher concentrations of E-Selectin (P = .041) whereas other biomarkers did not differ between groups. After LCD, E-Selectin, syndecan-1, and VWF were reduced. Two years after surgery, TM was unchanged whereas E-Selectin decreased, geometric mean (CV%) 41 (40) to 24 (61) ng/mL, syndecan-1 from 50 (73) to 38 (81) ng/mL, and VWF from 120 (52) to 103 (45)%, while HA increased from 25 (96) to 40 (78) ng/mL (P < .001 for all). E-Selectin initially declined faster in patients with diabetes (P < .003); otherwise the biomarker changes did not differ between groups. Variables with the highest predictive value for improvement in biomarkers were decrease in body weight and fat mass and increase in insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR).

Conclusion

Bariatric surgery is associated with sustained, beneficial alterations in biomarkers of glycocalyx and endothelial function in patients with obesity, both with and without T2D. It is suggested that reduced body weight/fat mass and improved insulin sensitivity are of particular importance for these alterations.
Descrição epidemiológica da tuberculose no Brasil no período de 2011 a 2022
Authors: Fernandes Marcelino Bianca , Filgueira Leite Gerliane , Monteiro Alves Marivânia , Vieira Tavares Izaely , Grangeiro Bringel Silva Ingrid , Ferreira da Silva Neto Irineu , Oliveira Ferreira Brandão Monísya
Published: February 2025

Trata-se de um estudo ecológico. Os dados foram extraídos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e do Departamento de Informática e Informática do SUS (DATASUS). As variáveis aplicadas foram: “Região de Notificação”, “Casos confirmados”, “Formas Clínicas”, “Tipo de Entrada”, “Tratamento Diretamente Observado” e “Status de Encerramento” das pessoas afetadas pela Tuberculose (TB). No período de 2011 a 2022, foram confirmados 1.078.585 casos de TB no Brasil, sendo distribuídos entre as regiões do país, onde o Sudeste apresenta o maior número de casos confirmados e a região Centro-Oeste, o menor número. Notou-se a prevalência e frequência da TB pulmonar no país, com predomínio do sexo masculino no surgimento de novos casos, recidivas e reingresso pós-abandono, bem como diminuição na utilização do Tratamento Diretamente Observado (TDO). Com isso, revelou-se que a doença possui um número considerável de casos confirmados, tornando-se necessário investigar, por meio do desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas: os fatores que culminaram na prevalência da TB na região Sudeste; bem como verificar as possíveis falhas na execução do TDO; a prevalência de casos confirmados no sexo masculino; e as causas de abandono do tratamento como forma de reduzir o surgimento de recidivas e reingressos pós-abandono.
Papel do serviço móvel de urgência no manejo de desastres: integração intersetorial e aprendizagem institucional
Authors: Ribeiro Macedo Maíza Sandra , Coelho Thereza Christina Bahia , Prada Sanabria Clara Aleida , Leal Barbosa Hayana , Santos e Santos Andrea Laís
Published: February 2025

Estudo de caso do tipo documental, retrospectivo, com objetivo de analisar o papel do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) no manejo de desastres sob a perspectiva da integração intersetorial com equipes da saúde, segurança e meio ambiente, e da aprendizagem institucional decorrente dessa integração. Métodos: Para produção dos dados quantitativos e qualitativos, foram utilizados relatórios anuais de 13 simulações, de 2015 a 2019. Foi elaborada uma matriz de análise com duas categorias analíticas provenientes da revisão de literatura: integração e aprendizado institucional. Na exploração documental emergiram as categorias empíricas: alerta; resposta; atuação multiprofissional das equipes da saúde, meio ambiente e segurança; avaliação pós desastre com as instituições participantes; impacto dos efeitos do simulado; protocolos e condutas específicas para cada instituição e tipo de desastre; treinamento dos protocolos de trauma e primeiros socorros; identificação dos pontos de fragilidades recorrentes para aperfeiçoamento. Resultados: Os simulados envoveram 21 instituições, sendo 7 em festa popular carnavalesca, 5 em festejos juninos e 1 em exposição agropecuária; 9 usaram a técnica de simulado de mesa; 11 realizaram sessão científica antecedendo o treinamento; e 9 utilizaram a ferramenta Sistema de Comando de Incidentes (SCI) para organizar cenário, controlar desastre e atuação das equipes articuladas por zona de risco. Os simulados usaram 1.690 universitários de instituições públicas e privadas, como vítimas, potencializando o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, profissionais de saúde e outros profissionais envolvidos nos cenários de desastre. Os temas abordaram problemas na estrutura de camarotes e arquibancadas, incêndios/explosões em locais que comercializam fogos, violência por arma de fogo e transporte ilegal de produtos perigosos. As sessões científicas melhoraram o sinergismo das ações e a coesão institucional. A combinação de exercício teórico e prático potencializou a aquisição de conhecimento e integração. Conclusão: Os desastres são eventos de grande magnitude que impactam na saúde da sociedade e ambiente exigindo planejamento, agilidade de ação, integração e aprendizagem institucional.
La elaboración del español y del italiano medievales en la traducción latino-romance: la sintaxis del participio en Alfonso X y Filippo Ceffi
Authors: Del Rey Quesada Santiago , Greco Paolo
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de las formas participiales en la traducción de las Heroidas de Ovidio realizada por el scriptorium de Alfonso X el Sabio (s. XIII) y en el volgarizzamento del notario florentino Filippo Ceffi (s. XIV) en una perspectiva comparativa latín-romance, con el objetivo de analizar de qué manera estos mecanismos de elaboración se imbrican en el discurso de los autores romances a partir de la actividad traductiva que asumen. Se estudia en qué medida la sintaxis participial se basa en la sintaxis del texto fuente y si existen diferencias notables entre la traducción castellana e italiana por lo que respecta al uso de formas (más) vernáculas o (más) latinizantes en cada una de ellas, observando para ello los movimientos de convergencia y divergencia que pueden discriminarse en la comparación entre texto fuente y texto meta y planteando hipótesis que expliquen las diferentes soluciones de traducción en los dos casos, en virtud de la época, la intención del autor y la permeabilidad de la lengua hacia cierto tipo de calcos latinizantes.
La ilusión conversacional en los diálogos didácticos de francés para españoles entre los siglos XVI y XIX
Authors: Viémon Marc
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo pretende estudiar la representación de la lengua oral en los diálogos didácticos redactados en lengua francesa y destinados a enseñar dicha lengua a un público de hispanohablantes, entre los siglos XVI y XIX. Después de exponer el marco teórico de la Lingüística de Variedades alemana o de filiación coseriana (Koch y Oesterreicher 2001) del que parte el estudio, se presentan las características históricas y de formato de los diálogos didácticos, diferenciándolos de los textos didácticos puestos en forma dialogada o gramáticas erotemáticas. El trabajo se centra, luego, en determinar qué modelo de lengua hablada se ha querido representar en los diálogos y en analizar, posteriormente, hasta qué punto los autores de los diálogos han buscado alcanzar un alto grado de verosimilitud con respecto a las conversaciones reales, cuáles son los elementos que han actuado como freno a la ilusión conversacional y a qué razones responden las diferencias de formato que se aprecian de una época a otra.
La construcción del discurso epistolar en un corpus cordobés del siglo XVIII
Authors: Julián Mariscal Olga
Published: February 2025

Pese a la escasez tradicional de estudios lingüísticos dedicados al llamado primer español moderno datado entre 1675 y 1830, recientes estudios demuestran que en esta época se inician y desarrollan diversos e interesantes cambios en la lengua española de índole gramatical, sintáctica o discursiva. Por ello, dado el creciente interés por el género epistolar debido a su carácter mixto (formulario y coloquial), en el presente trabajo pretendemos contribuir a un mejor conocimiento sobre cómo se construye el discurso en las cartas, comparando las distintas formas de ilación sintáctica, especialmente las estructuras subordinantes y los conectores discursivos, qué elementos oracionales son los más recurrentes, cuál es el valor pragmático con el que se emplean y qué elementos muestran aspectos de la oralidad de la época. Para ello se analizará un corpus inédito de cartas privadas procedentes del Archivo Histórico Provincial de Córdoba.
Sobre la lengua de El Pelayo (1769-1773) y El delincuente honrado (1773) de Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos: mecanismos de cohesión lingüística en el inicio de turno
Authors: Alonso de la Torre Gutiérrez Francisco
Published: February 2025

En esta investigación se analizan, desde una perspectiva variacional-funcional, los mecanismos de cohesión lingüística en el inicio de turno de las intervenciones en las dos obras teatrales más célebres del polígrafo asturiano Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos: la tragedia neoclásica El Pelayo (1769-1773) y la comedia lacrimosa El delincuente honrado (1773). Se pretende con ello contribuir a la descripción del español europeo del siglo XVIII e iniciar una vía de investigación centrada en la caracterización lingüística de la obra de Jovellanos. Los resultados muestran, por un parte, que, si bien las dos obras están instaladas en el ámbito de la distancia comunicativa, la comedia lacrimosa presenta índices de textualización de la oralidad mucho más elevados que la tragedia neoclásica y, por otra parte, prueban la idoneidad del concepto de ‘oralidad elaborada’ propuesto por Del Rey Quesada (2019) para la descripción de obras literarias en disposición dialógica.
Práctica discursiva publicitaria y perfil concepcional en anuncios procedentes de publicaciones hispanoamericanas: siglos XVIII y XIX
Authors: Leal Abad Elena
Published: February 2025

Aunque en un número menor a los de carácter informativo, CORDIAM permite el acceso a un conjunto de textos catalogados como «documentos publicitarios y anuncios varios», que facilita al investigador, dentro del marco teórico y metodológico de las tradiciones discursivas, rastrear usos especializados caracterizadores de estos contextos de carácter infopersuasivo. Este estudio, partiendo de una perspectiva variacionista y del corpus de anuncios impresos facilitado por CORDIAM para los siglos XVIII y XIX, analiza las elecciones lingüísticas que conforman la macroestructura de estas prácticas discursivas en función de las relaciones coste-beneficio, los vínculos interpersonales, así como los factores sociolingüísticos y emocionales, que irán configurando diferentes tipologías de anuncios en función del perfil concepcional (distancia vs. inmediatez comunicativas) y de la adecuación pragmática a los objetivos comunicativos. Estos parámetros determinarán soluciones sintácticas diferenciadas para las distintas secuencias, tanto descriptivas como instruccionales. Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer un contraste con construcciones lingüísticas halladas para la misma tipología en publicaciones periódicas españolas en las que la macroestructura del anuncio impreso determinaba la presencia de mecanismos gramaticales vinculados a ella, tales como el futuro de subjuntivo y el gerundio adjetival, de carácter residual en la época.
Marcadores del discurso y esquemas construccionales. Los patrones discursivos de bueno en La lucha por la vida de Pío Baroja
Authors: López Serena Araceli , Uceda Leal María
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo pone de relieve las limitaciones que entraña el análisis de los marcadores del discurso como piezas aisladas y se suma a las reivindicaciones de la necesidad de considerarlos como miembros constituyentes de patrones discursivos o esquemas construccionales complejos. A partir de un corpus de diálogos literarios extraído de la trilogía La lucha por la vida de Pío Ba- roja (1904-1905), el artículo examina cuatro esquemas construccionales en los que participa el md bueno. Se busca, de este modo, complementar, con la descripción sistemática de los patrones dis- cursivos identificados, las caracterizaciones que de este marcador ofrece la bibliografía, así como comprobar en qué medida la consideración de los esquemas construccionales que favorecen la comparecencia de determinados valores discursivos puede arrojar luz sobre el posible itinerario de gramaticalización o discursivización sufrido por bueno, y en el que los usos vinculados con la atenuación parecen haber actuado como puente entre el funcionamiento del marcador en el ám- bito interaccional y su explotación en el ámbito metadiscursivo.
¿Cambian las lenguas cuando son digitalizadas? Algunas obervaciones sobre el ciberlenguaje
Authors: Steffen Joachim
Published: February 2025

Una respuesta breve a la pregunta de si cambian las lenguas cuando son digitalizada sería negativa. La respuesta más extensa es un poco más compleja, ya que implica distinguir entre diferentes niveles y registros de la lengua. El artículo aborda la evolución y el impacto del ámbito digital sobre la dimensión de la oralidad y la escrituralidad, discutiendo la aplicabilidad del modelo de Koch y Oesterreicher (1985, 2011) en el contexto digital moderno. El artículo se dedica de manera central a dos cuestiones del ciberlenguaje que conciernen a la oralidad y la escrituralidad. Por un lado, se trata de cómo la comunicación digital se distingue medialmente de la distinción convencional entre el medio gráfico (visual) y el medio fónico. En este contexto, se examinan las propiedades semióticas de los emojis desde una perspectiva escritural-lingüística y se comparan con las propiedades semióticas de los signos lingüísticos tradicionales (según de Saussure 1945). Se argumenta que los textos digitales están caracterizados por un uso híbrido y multimodal de la escritura, que representa una especie de nueva escritura jeroglífica por la coexistencia de sistemas de signos iconográficos y alfabéticos. También se discuten los aspectos conceptuales del ciberlenguaje, destacando que el medio desempeña un papel más importante e interactúa más con el nivel conceptual en la comunicación digital de lo que Koch y Oesterreicher habían previsto. Por último, se considera el impacto de los emojis y otros elementos digitales como formas de expresión que modifican la proximidad comunicativa y que, al ser introducidos masivamente y de manera no formal, representan un tipo de cambio lingüístico «desde abajo».
Canvi lingüístic i normativa en la construcció de la llengua estàndard: tres estructures morfosintàctiques del català de Mallorca
Authors: Dols Nicolau
Published: February 2025

Tres trets (morfo)sintàctics que han tingut històricament vigència en el català de Mallorca pareix que tendeixen a la desaparició. Es tracta de l’ús de "ser" com a auxiliar per a la formació de temps composts, la concordança de participi amb el subjecte i amb l’objecte (més enllà en aquest darrer cas dels pronoms febles de tercera persona), i l’ordre dels pronoms febles acusatiu-datiu quan el d’acusatiu és de tercera persona. En aquest treball volem analitzar la vigència i l’evolució d’aquests usos mitjançant les dades del Corpus Textual Informatitzat de la Llengua Catalana (IEC) i l’evolució del discurs normatiu sobre aquestes tendències a la recerca d’indicis de relacions causa- efecte.
Annular cavity VCSELs: enhanced beam quality and speckle-less illumination
Authors: Yan Wenbo , Alkhazragi Omar , Lu Hang , Al Ibrahim Redha H. , Wang Yue , Lin Heming , Banda Yara , Melinte Georgian , Ng Tien Khee , Ooi Boon S.
Published: February 2025

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are valued for their high coupling efficiency, directionality, and low cost. Broad-area (BA)-VCSEL, in particular, offers the possibility of a customizable degree of spatial coherence and high output power for low-speckle imaging, illumination, communication, and augmented reality technologies. However, new designs of BA-VCSEL for scalable fabrication need to be developed. In this study, we present an annular cavity method for engineering optical characteristics and spatial coherence of VCSELs by altering the transverse shape of their cavities. Our experimental and simulation results reveal that annular VCSELs, with a doughnut shape, exhibit higher optical power density and lower threshold current due to more efficient utilization of gain medium compared to conventional BA-VCSELs. Notably, the annular VCSEL with a 20-µm radius central hole achieves a maximum optical power density of 1.09 kW/cm2 with a significant increase in external quantum efficiency (21.9%), outperforming the conventional BA-VCSEL (0.596 kW/cm2 and 16.1%). Spatial coherence analysis indicates that the designed annular VCSEL produces speckle patterns with lower intensity variations, enabling a higher number of mutually incoherent modes. The annular cavity design effectively achieves both low spatial coherence and Q-factor spoiling.
Detection of latent brain states from spontaneous neural activity in the amygdala
Authors: Aucoin Alexa , Lin Kevin K. , Gothard Katalin M.
Published: February 2025

The amygdala responds to a large variety of socially and emotionally salient environmental and interoceptive stimuli. The context in which these stimuli occur determines their social and emotional significance. In canonical neurophysiological studies, the fast-paced succession of stimuli and events induce phasic changes in neural activity. During inter-trial intervals, neural activity is expected to return to a stable and featureless level of spontaneous activity, often called baseline. In previous studies we found that context, such as the presence of a social partner, induces brain states that can transcend the fast-paced succession of stimuli and can be recovered from the spontaneous, inter-trial firing rate of neurons. Indeed, the spontaneous firing rates of neurons in the amygdala are different during blocks of gentle grooming touches delivered by a trusted social partner, and during blocks of non-social airflow stimuli delivered by a computer-controlled air valve. Here, we examine local field potentials (LFPs) recorded during periods of spontaneous activity to determine whether information about context can be extracted from these signals. We found that information about social vs. non-social context is present in the local field potential during periods of spontaneous activity between the application of grooming and airflow stimuli, as machine learning techniques can reliably decode context from spectrograms of spontaneous LFPs. No significant differences were detected between the nuclei of the amygdala that receive direct or indirect inputs from areas of the prefrontal cortex known to coordinate flexible, context-dependent behaviors. The lack of nuclear specificity suggests that context-related synaptic inputs arise from a shared source, possibly interoceptive inputs, that signal the physiological state of the body during social and non-social blocks of tactile stimulation.
Instructional strategies for different learning styles: a study
Authors: V Prasanthi B.
Published: February 2025

Learning is a continuous process for two classes of people (for both teacher & student). We all learns something new every day. It is gaining knowledge by studying; being taught & experiencing, whereas teaching is defined as just a more formal approach to deliver lessons with learning as end result. Teaching & learning are permitted not only within the dimensions, but it should happen beyond that. A learning style can best be explained as the most unique way in which a student prefers to learn new concepts. Students learn quicker and more effectively when teaching style is matched to their individual preferred styles. This paper explains about existing learning styles and also suggests few teaching methodologies that are to be adopted for different learning styles, which creates inter-est in students that leads to outstanding performance in academics.Â Â
Adapted spectral-differential method for construction of differentially 4-uniform piecewise-linear permutations, orthomorphisms, and involutions of the field F2n
$\mathbb{F}_{2^{n}}$
Authors: Menyachikhin Andrey V.
Published: February 2025

We propose a method to construct permutations of the field

F

2

n

$\mathbb{F}_{2^{n}}$

with low value of the Δ-uniformity such that their restrictions to the cosets of the group

F

2

n

×

$\mathbb{F}^{\times}_{2^{n}}$

by some of its subgroup H are linear. Using the proposed method, we construct a large number of new CCZ-nonequivalent differentially 4-uniform permutations, orthomorphisms, and involutions over the field

F

2

n

$\mathbb{F}_{2^{n}}$

with n = 6, 8.
Nutritional value and consumer assessment of 12 avocado crosses between cvs. Hass × Pionero
Authors: Martínez-Damián María Teresa , Ojeda-Barrios Damaris Leopoldina , Lugo-Espinosa Jesús , Barrientos-Priego Alejandro Facundo , Cruz-Alvarez Oscar
Published: February 2025

The widespread popularity of fresh avocados is linked to perceptions of their high nutritional value and sensory appeal. The cultivar Hass accounts for 95% of world production, so we used this cultivar as a reference to evaluate the nutritional and consumer assessment of 12 elite genotypes from the cross Hass × Pionero. A completely randomised experimental design was established, with three replicates per genotype (39 trees in total). The following characteristics were assessed: shelf life, fruit weight (FW), fruit weight loss (FWL), firmness, colour, chlorophyll (Chl) a and b, total carotenoids (TCr), total phenols (TP), total flavonoids (TFl), antioxidant capacity (AC), dry matter (DM), oil, lutein, β-carotene, and α-tocopherol. Sensory and quality characteristics, external and internal, were also assessed: flavour, texture, and fibrousness. The genotypes exhibited significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) for shelf life, WL, LWF, Chl, TCr, TP, and AC. Oil content was higher in the genotypes H×P40, H×P96, and S2/405. Lutein content varied in the genotypes S2/405 (0.713 mg kg−1), β-carotene in S2/27 and S2/29 (0.189 and 0.187 mg kg−1), and α-tocopherol in H×P40 (237.73 mg kg−1). On the other hand, the multivariate analysis facilitated the discernment of five distinct groups of genotypes, each clearly distinguished by their content of bioactive compounds and sensory attributes. Overall, the analysis identified several genotypes with quality, taste, and texture characteristics similar to those of Hass and one with less fibrousness (S2/249). Results identify several genotypes having good commercial potential for fresh consumption and as sources of bioactive compounds.
SELECTION OF KPU AND BAWASLU MEMBERS: FIT AND PROPER TEST IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ELECTION LAW AND MERITOCRACY
Authors: Nurfajila Erina Fionita , Hurriyah Hurriyah
Published: February 2025

Commision II of DPR RI plays a crucial role in selecting election organizers at the national level by conducting a fit and proper test (FPT) process. The decisions and mechanisms of the FPT process directly affect the integrity of the election results. This research aims to identify aspects of political recruitment that are applied in the design of the FPT for prospective members of the Indonesian KPU and Bawaslu for the 2022-2027 period using qualitative descriptive methods and data collection techniques through literature studies and interviews. The results show that there is a gulf between the candidacy (candidates’ suitability) and selectorate (political actors) aspects, namely the involvement of political party members in the selectorate aspect, which leads to preferential selection guided by the interests of the political parties. In the technical and location aspect, the difficulty of access for candidates outside Jakarta, a lack of in-depth exposure to the FPT process, the absence of assessment instruments, and limited public involvement are obstacles in what should be a merit-based system in principle. This finding implies that the selected election organizers who are free from political interests are an anomaly in selection processes run by political institutions.
Optimizing Customer Segmentation in Online Retail Transactions through the Implementation of the K-Means Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Awaliyah Desi Adrianti , Budi Prasetiyo  , Muzayanah Rini , Lestari Apri Dwi
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The main objective of this research is optimal use of customer segmentation using the Recency, Frequency and Monetary (RFM) approach so that companies can better understand and comprehend the needs of each customer. By carrying out this segmentation, companies can communicate better and provide services tailored to each customer.
Methods: The K-means algorithm is used as the main method for customer segmentation in this research. This research uses a dataset of online retail customers. Apart from that, this research also uses the elbow method to help determine the best number of clusters to be created by the model.
Result: Based on the elbow method, the most optimal is to use 3 clusters for this case. Thus, in K-means modeling, forming 3 clusters is the best choice. Clusters produce groups of customers who have specific characteristics in each cluster. The analysis shows that quantity and unit price have a significant influence on online retail customer behavior.
Novelty: This research strengthens the trend of using the K-means algorithm for customer segmentation in online retail datasets, which has proven popular in journals from 2018 to 2022. This research creates 3 new variables that will be used by the model to understand the characteristics of customer transaction behavior. This study also emphasizes the importance of exploratory data analysis in understanding data before clustering and the use of the elbow method to determine the most appropriate number of clusters, providing a significant contribution in analyzing customer segmentation.
Feature Expansion with GloVe and Particle Swarm Optimization for Detecting the Credibility of Information on Social Media X with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
Authors: Raffly Famardi Putra Muhammad Raffly , Setiawan Erwin Budi Setiawan
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This research aims to develop a system for detecting the credibility of information on social media X by classifying tweets as credible or non-credible. Additionally, it seeks to improve the accuracy of classification and prediction of information credibility using feature extraction methods, semantic features, feature expansion, and optimization.
Methods: The system is built using a deep learning approach with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), Robustly optimized BERT Approach (RoBERTa), Global Vector (GloVe), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The dataset consists of 54,766 Indonesian tweets from social media X, focusing on the 2024 General Election and using several keywords such as ‘Pemilu 2024’, ‘Pilpres 2024’, ‘anies baswedan’, ‘Prabowo’, ‘#GanjarPranowo’, and ‘#debatCapres’.
Result: The results of this study show that the highest accuracy achieved is 89.09% using LSTM with an 80:20 data split, baseline unigram, RoBERTa, Top1 corpus IndoNews, and PSO of the LSTM model’s hyperparameters, resulting in a highly significant statistical improvement of 0.96% over the baseline model.
Novelty: This research contributes to information credibility classification research using RoBERTa to add semantic features and GloVe to expand features by utilizing a built corpus and finding similar words to connect with these expanded features. Additionally, PSO is applied to find the optimal hyperparameters, thereby improving the performance and accuracy of the LSTM classification model.
Management of Renal Vascular Injuries by Angioembolization in a Low Resource Setting: A Case Series with Review of Literature
Authors: Saifullah Khalid  , Manzoor Ahmad  , Ezaz Ahmed  , Wasif Mohammad Ali  , Ali Imad
Published: February 2025

Background: Renal vascular injuries, like renal artery pseudoaneurysms and arteriovenous fistulas, are rare but serious complications following renal procedures and trauma. Standard management requires costly microcatheters for angioembolization. This study investigates a cost-effective method using diagnostic catheters and affordable coils in a low-resource setting.Methods: We analyzed five patients from December 2023 to June 2024 who had persistent hematuria or hemoglobin drops after renal intervention or trauma. CT angiography identified their injuries, and angioembolization was performed with diagnostic catheters and coils, reducing procedural costs.Results: The use of diagnostic catheters and coils successfully managed all cases. Patients experienced resolution of hematuria and were discharged in 2–3 days. Follow-up over three months revealed no recurrence or significant renal function issues.Conclusion: Diagnostic catheters and coils offer an effective method for managing renal vascular injuries in resource-limited settings, achieving satisfactory outcomes with minimal morbidity.
Architecture metrics: a servey of the potential to improve softwar
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Liubchenko V.V.
Published: February 2025

Software development hinges on well-crafted architecture, a foundational phase that influences the entire system. This study investigates using architectural design metrics, which quantify various aspects of architecture. We conducted a systematic mapping study, analysing existing literature to understand how these metrics are currently employed. Our findings reveal a limited yet promising landscape. Metrics exist to assess design stability, understandability, modularity, and security. Notably, several studies explore gauging the "option-generation ability" of an architecture and its potential to generate different design choices. However, a gap exists in directly using these metrics for fault prediction. Existing research primarily focuses on the "reverse" effect, where metrics from later development stages (like code) are used to identify architectural issues. Overall, this study highlights the underutilised potential of architectural design metrics. While current research demonstrates the effectiveness of a relatively simple set of metrics for various purposes, further exploration is warranted. Future efforts should delve into data accumulation and investigate models for using these metrics for predictive purposes, ultimately enhancing software quality and development processes.
Comparative analysis of height-based vegetation segmentation methods: evaluating efficiency and accuracy
Authors:   National University "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy", Tsaryniuk O.V. , Glybovets A.M. ,   National University "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy"
Published: February 2025

Height-based vector vegetation segmentation is one of the critical aspects of spatial analysis. This segmented data is used in radio propagation modeling, environmental monitoring, and vegetation mapping. Many studies on vector vegetation segmentation focus on delineating individual tree crowns, allowing detailed data sets to be obtained. However, the high level of detail results in a substantial data volume, making it impractical to use these datasets over large areas, such as an entire country. Segmentation of large vector data sets remains a significant challenge in geospatial data creation. In our study, we developed three different segmentation methods: hexagon segmentation, convolution segmentation, and random points method. A test data fragment was processed to compare the proposed methods and accuracy and volume metrics were calculated.
Development of the intelligent control system of an unmanned car
Authors:   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Dakhno N.B. , Miroshnyk A.P. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Kravchenko Yu.V. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Leshchenko O.O. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Dudnik A.S. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: February 2025

This study delves into creating an intelligent control system for self-driving vehicles, utilizing cutting-edge machine learning methods. Central to our approach is the NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) algorithm, implemented in the Python programming language. NEAT plays a pivotal role in refining artificial neural networks, enabling autonomous cars to navigate diverse road conditions independently. Through rigorous experimentation, we demonstrate NEAT's capability to automate self-driving operations, ensuring adaptability to various driving scenarios. The result of the research is the development of a complex system proficient in autonomously navigating a variety of race tracks. NEAT's dynamic neural network structures help the vehicle learn quickly.The Python language is quite convenient for implementing such tasks thanks to a large number of libraries. Integration with Pygame equips the system with essential tools for graphics rendering and interaction. Iterative cycles of training and refinement significantly enhance the system's performance and adaptability. Neural networks adeptly learn to navigate tracks, maintain optimal speeds, avoid collisions, and tackle diverse racing challenges. This project demonstrates NEAT's capability, alongside Python and Pygame integration, in crafting intelligent control systems for self-driving cars. This holds promise for further development in autonomous driving technology, aiming to handle more intricate scenarios and seamlessly integrate with real-world hardware. In essence, the successful deployment of an intelligent control system for unmanned vehicles based on NEAT demonstrates the efficacy of evolutionary algorithms in tackling complex control problems. This sets the stage for further research and refinement in unmanned driving, fostering the development of safer and more efficient transportation systems.
Technology for harmonization of sociopsychophysiological climate in the family based on knowledge about biosocial culture of personality
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Kuzmina K.I. , Somyk T.M. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Andon A.P. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2025

We propose the computer-based technology of harmonization of SPF climate in a family as a quality index of interpersonality relations. The basis for this estimation is biosocial culture of individual, namely, the knowledge about person structure, his functional state and individual adaptive information space (IAIS). The technology includes the series of express diagnostic tests with computer-based interpretation and may be used to optimization of collectives of different level.
Assessing Invasive Coronary Angiography Interpretation Education and Resources
Authors: Riggs Kayla A , Gopal Jay , Keck Carson , Esposito Michele L
Published: February 2025

Background: There is a surprising lack of research surrounding effective teaching and learning methodologies in cardiology, especially in invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Therefore, a survey study was designed to assess perceived gaps in education in trainees’ interpretation of ICA and available resources. Methods: A 20-question survey was distributed via an online survey platform disseminated through a CardioNerds email newsletter and social media. The intended audience included medical trainees and medical students through to subspecialty fellows. Results: The survey received 144 responses and 36% (n=52) said they anticipated working in interventional cardiology in future. Most participants (n=108; 77%) recorded more than 4 weeks of in-person experience in the cardiac catheterization laboratory per year; 35% (n=49) spent 4–12 weeks per year and 31% (n=44) spent 13–24 weeks per year. Most participants felt moderately or less comfortable interpreting coronary angiography. The most used resource was on-the-job training (n=102; 73%), followed by online resources (n=84; 60%) and textbooks (n=54; 39%). Over half of participants agreed that this knowledge might have changed or might still have the potential to change their career choice. Conclusion: The results suggest that most students/trainees use on-the-job training to learn ICA, most were not comfortable interpreting ICA independently, and a better understanding of ICA might affect a student or trainee’s choice of specialty. These results imply a need not only for dedicated educational time, but also for the creation of modern learning resources.
JESUS, OS NÃO ESCOLHIDOS E A MANIFESTAÇÃO DE DEUS: A CENTRALIDADE DA CATEGORIA DEFICIÊNCIA NOS ESCRITOS BÍBLICOS
Authors: Martins Piccolo Gustavo
Published: February 2025

Este ensaio se debruça sobre as formas pelas quais a deficiência foi apresentada no Antigo e Novo Testamento, tomando este fato como fundamental para compreendermos a representação desta categoria ao longo da história, assim como projetarmos formas inéditas de visualização deste conceito. Partimos do suposto de que, embora as forças hegemônicas contemporâneas interpretem a categoria deficiência a partir de um saber eminentemente clínico ou pelo prisma dos direitos humanos, formas pretéritas de entendimento continuam a se fazer presentes, com destaque para o campo religioso em virtude de sua expansiva presença nas representações da vida cotidiana. Por isso, a reorganização da forma religiosa de visualização da deficiência pode provocar alterações na maneira pela qual nos relacionamos com este fenômeno. A presença de pessoas com impedimentos e a relação destas com as práticas religiosas ocupam lugar central nas passagens do Antigo e Novo Testamento e sem as quais parte das mensagens bíblicas perderiam o sentido originalmente pretendido, que é uma das teses defendidas neste ensaio, caracterizado como uma pesquisa qualitativa arquitetada mediante revisão literária integrativa que busca compreender a formação do conceito de deficiência e de suas representações sob uma perspectiva histórica comparada.
A case of successful endoscopic treatment of a patient with acute post-manipulation pancreatitis due to anomaly of the pancreas
Authors: Orlov S.Yu. , Alimov A.N. , Chelyapina T.P. , Kudryavitskii E.E.
Published: February 2025

We report a case of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic removal of the minor duodenal papilla in a woman with a congenital malformation of the pancreatic ductal system. This case demonstrates the role of the minor papilla in the pancreatic function and the ability of pancreatic stenting in the treatment of acute pancreatitis caused by papillary injury.
TARAS SHEVCHENKO FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF GEORGIAN WRITERS: SOVIET CULTURAL CONTEXT
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Chkhatarashvili Sophio
Published: February 2025

B a c k g r o u n d . The article is devoted to the reception of Ukrainian classical writer Taras Shevchenko in Georgian literature during the Soviet period. The article examines the peculiarities of the perception of Tara Shevchenko's work in the Georgian Soviet cultural reality. Georgian writers met Taras Shevchenko and were interested in Ukrainian Kobzar even during his lifetime. Akaki Tsereteli, a classic of Georgian literature, knew him personally. Taras Shevchenko attracted the attention of many Georgian writers at different times along with the change of era.
R e s u l t s . Hermeneutics and interpretation of the artistic text, as well as semiotic analysis, were chosen as the methodology of the article.
C o n c l u s i o n s . For Georgian writers, Taras Shevchenko is a symbol of Ukrainian national identity, even in texts created under the conditions of Soviet imperial ideology. He is a leader, the father of the nation, a prophet, a leading figure who has become a kind of cult in Georgian literature, in this case – in the recipient culture.