bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scope of Improvements in Aerospace Sector by Implementation of IoT
Authors: Francis Bastin
Published: January 2022

While considering the aerospace domain, the internet of things (IoT) provides the way for new development and this IoT technology allows many possibilities in the aerospace domain. This study aims to examine the theoretical aspect of IoT in the aerospace industry. And propose a system that enhances the flight journey experience from the flight booking of each customer. This will also improve the manufacturing end-to-end process in the aerospace industry with the help of IoT sensors. These can be achieved with help of the data collection (Previous sensor data), cloud computing, and machine learning. As per the proposing system, all IoT sensor data will be collected and saved the data in the cloud server. These data will be used for training the algorithm to achieve the optimum solution in the future.
Mental health and loneliness in Scottish schools: A multilevel analysis of data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study
Authors: Goodfellow Claire , Willis Malachi , Inchley Joanna , Kharicha Kalpa , Leyland Alastair , Qualter Pamela , Simpson Sharon , Long Emily
Published: January 2022

Adolescent loneliness and poor mental health represent dual public health concerns. Yet, associations between loneliness and mental health, and critically, how these unfold in school settings are less understood. Framed by social ecological theory, this study aimed to identify key predictors of adolescent mental health, and examine school-level variation in the relationship between loneliness and mental health.Cross-sectional data on adolescents from the 2018 wave of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (HBSC) in Scotland were used (N = 5,286). Mental health was measured as a composite variable containing items assessing: nervousness, irritability, sleep difficulties and feeling low. Loneliness was measured via a single item assessing how often adolescents felt ‘left out’. Multilevel models were used to identify key social ecological predictors of mental health, associations with loneliness, and between-school variation.Loneliness, as well as demographic, social, and school factors, were found to be associated with mental health. Schools accounted for around 8% of the variation in adolescents’ mental health, and the between-school difference in mental health was greater among adolescents with high levels of loneliness. Additionally, the negative effect of loneliness on mental health was stronger in schools with lower average mental health scores.The findings suggest that schools can play an important role in shaping adolescent mental health. Our study uniquely identifies that school-based interventions targeting mental health may be especially necessary among lonely adolescents, and programmes aimed at tackling loneliness may be more beneficial in schools with poorer mental health.
Situating Politics: Spatial Heterogeneity and the Study of Political History
Authors: Slez Adam
Published: January 2022

While quantitative methods are routinely used to examine historical materials, critics take issue with the use of global regression models that attach a single parameter to each predictor, thereby ignoring the effects of time and space, which together define the context in which historical events unfold. This problem can be addressed by allowing for parameter heterogeneity, as highlighted by the proliferation of work on the use of time-varying parameter models. In this paper, I show how this approach can be extended to the case of spatial data using spatially-varying coefficient models, with an eye toward the study of electoral politics, where the use of spatial data is especially common in historical settings. Toward this end, I revisit a critical case in the field of quantitative history: the rise of electoral Populism in the American West in the period between 1890 and 1896. Upending popular narratives about the correlates of third- party support in the late nineteenth century, I show that the association between third- party vote share and traditional predictors such as economic hardship and ethnic composition varied considerably from one place to the next, giving rise to distinct varieties of electoral Populism—a finding that is missed by global models, which mistake the mathematically particular for the historically general. These findings have important theoretical and empirical implications for the study of political action in a world where parameter heterogeneity is increasingly recognized as a standard feature of modern social science.
Coding, causality, and statistical craft: The emergence and evolutionary drivers of moralistic supernatural punishment remain unresolved
Authors: Purzycki Benjamin Grant , Bendixen Theiss , Lightner Aaron
Published: January 2022

The target article from Turchin et al. assesses the relationship between social complexity and moralistic supernatural punishment. In our evaluation of their project, we argue that each step of its workflow -- from data production and theory to modeling and reporting -- makes it impossible to test the hypothesis that its authors claim they are testing. We focus our discussion on three important classes of issues: problems of data, analysis, and causal inference.
It runs in the family: parental influence on adolescents’ compliance with social distancing measures during Covid-19 lockdowns
Authors: Aksoy Ozan
Published: January 2022

Compliance with public health measures of adolescents who are often unfairly portrayed as spreaders of the Coronavirus is essential for controlling the pandemic. But does adolescents’ compliance develop independently from their parents? Using nationally representative longitudinal data and cross-lagged Structural Equation Panel Models I study compliance with social distancing measures of 6,754 triplets that comprise the adolescent child (age 19), their mother, and father during two national lockdowns in the UK. Results show that adolescents have the lowest and their mothers have the highest levels of compliance, and compliance generally drops over time. Moreover, parents, particularly mothers have significant influence on their adolescent child’s compliance. The child also has, albeit smaller effects on their parents’ compliance. Parental influence on adolescents’ compliance documented here thus redistributes some of the responsibility off adolescents towards all generations and calls for public health policies and campaigns that consider these family dynamics.
Emotional anticipation of future vocational transitions: A person-centered approach
Authors: Parmentier Michaël
Published: January 2022

Most future educational and career transitions represent major life events that individuals anticipate to a considerable extent, possibly with multiple emotions at the same time. However, few studies have examined the emotions that individuals experience when they anticipate a future educational or career transition, imagine how it will occur, the consequences it will have for them, and visualize their coping efforts. The aims of the present dissertation are fourfold. First, we explore individuals’ combinations of multiple future-oriented emotions at the prospect of three major educational and career transitions: (a) the transition from high school to higher education, (b) the transition from higher education to the job market, and (c) the transition from unemployment to employment. Due to the rather exploratory nature of our first research question, our second objective pertains to the replication of these combinations and the investigation of similarities between several groups of individuals based on (a) gender, (b) institutional context, and (c) the temporal distance before the transition. Third, we examine several antecedents of individuals’ combinations of future-oriented emotions. These antecedents ranged from career-related constructs such as career decidedness and career adaptability to affective mechanisms such as cognitive appraisals, trait affect, and emotion regulation. Finally, we examine the behavioral effects of future-oriented emotions in terms of anticipated vocational planning and effort. Overall, the present dissertation brings several implications in highlighting the combinations of future-oriented emotions that individuals experience when anticipating important vocational transitions, a research strand that is scarce both in vocational and emotion research. From a practical point of view, the evidence of several combinations—and the differences and similarities among several groups or contexts—carries practical implications for designing and implementing career-related interventions. Finally, examining antecedents and outcomes of future-oriented emotions combinations underlines the importance of taking emotional anticipation processes into account when individuals prepare for and cope with major educational and career transitions.
Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of Prostate posing as upper tract ureteral mass
Authors: Sah Anil Kumar , Maharjan Bipin , Adhikari Mahesh Bahadur , Rana Reena , Panth Rajesh , Aryal Gopi
Published: January 2022

Prostate cancer metastasis to the ureter is extremely rare because only 45 such cases have been reported worldwide in the last century. It accounts for 30% of ureteral metastasis. Neuroendocrine differentiation is approximately 1% of the entire primary prostate adenocarcinoma pathology. Metastatic prostate cancer may pose as upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Prostate may look normal on clinic-radiological examination in prostate cancer. Majority of such cases are managed with nephroureterectomy. Herein, we report a case of 62-year gentleman, who presented with refractory left flank pain with repeated imaging suggestive of neoplastic left ureteric stricture and normal prostate on clinic-radiological examinations. The case was later found with the diagnosis of metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation after left sided nephroureterectomy done for a provisional diagnosis of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (UTUC).
Hepatoblastoma in a 14-months old child
Authors: Shrestha Rashes , Bhattarai Niraj , Thakur Binay , Devkota Mukti , Mandel Rajesh Kumar , Adhikari Purushottam
Published: January 2022

In children, commonest liver tumor is hepatoblastoma. We present a 14-month-old male child who presented with abdominal distension and loose stool. Radiological imaging revealed solid hepatic mass. Hematological investigations revealed anemia, thrombocytosis and high Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level. Ultrasound (USG) guided FNAC confirmed the mass to be hepatoblastoma. CT scan revealed hepatoblastoma PRETEXT stage III. The patient underwent 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and responded to POSTTEXT stage II. Left hemi-hepatectomy was done with clear resectin margins. Complete surgical excision of the mass after preoperative chemotherapy remains the mainstay of the treatment of locally advanced hepatoblastoma.
Curative intent treatment in recurrent carcinoma cervix, numbers need to increase
Authors: Lamichhane Deep
Published: January 2022

Cervical cancer is most common cancer among females in Nepal. Majority of them presents in advanced stage and treated with definitive chemo-radiation. Fifteen to thirty percent recurs and among them 50% are localised in pelvis. The only curative treatment available at this point is surgery in selected patients and total pelvic exenteration is most common operation performed among few other surgical options. First described almost 72 years back, now the morbidity and mortality of this so-called brutal procedure has decreased and this becomes the only hope of survival in these patients. We present a case of a person from remote village of Nepal who had recurrence following primary treatment and underwent total pelvic exenteration. She recovered well and is disease free at 1-year follow up and is treatment free. The aim of this case report is to create awareness among clinicians, patient and other person involved in cancer care that treatment with curative intent is still possible after cancer recurrence.
Assessment of the immunoexpression profile of breast ductal carcinoma with Cyclin D1, Her-2/Neu and p53 at Yangon General Hospital, Myanmar
Authors: Tun Khin Darli , Ko Min Ko , Arumugam Sudha , Chakravarthi Srikumar , Vejayan Jaya
Published: January 2022

One hundred cases of histologically proven invasive ductal carcinomas were histologically graded based on modified Bloom and Richardson Grading. Out of these 17 cases each of low grade, intermediate grade, and high grade invasive ductal carcinomas were selected for Immunostaining using the monoclonal antibodies Cyclin D1,pP53 and Her2/neu. It was found that for all three monoclonal antibodies the lowest histological grade of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast showed the lowest positivity with Cyclin D1 ( 11.76%) and p53 ( 17.64%) and Her2/neu ( 47.05%). The intermediate grade tumour showed ( 70.58% ) positivity with Cyclin D1 and 58.58 % in p53 and Her2/neu. The high grade invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast showed the highest positivity of Cyclin D1 (76.47%) , p53 (88.24% ) ,Her2/neu ( 94.12% ); These suggest that Cyclin D1 , P53 and Her2/neuimmunoexpression positivity increases with rising histological grades of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast.
Problems and Challenges of Foreign Labour Migrants
Authors: Mishra Manamaya
Published: January 2022

This paper is based on problems and challenges of foreign labour migration and the main aim of this paper is to identity the problems and challenges faced by migrant workers in the destination countries, and is based on five different manpower agencies. Information was collected through 255 respondents and respondent’s household’s information and descriptive and cross sectional research design and sample selection has been based on purposive method. About 37.3 percent foreign labour migrants want to go Malaysia and highest i.e. 29.4 percent respondents want to go foreign labour work by cause of poverty and 23.5 percent respondents by cause of unemployment. More than 90 percent respondents do not have any knowledge about right of foreign labour migrants. Total 163 respondents had returned from foreign labour migration; the highest 36.2 percent respondents are returned back from Malaysia. More than 55 percent foreign labour migrants stayed in foreign employment for 2-4 year and 35 percent returned migrants engaged in factory labour and 36 percent foreign labour returned migrants worked 12 hours. The highest i.e. 60.8 percent returned foreign labour migrants were sick of frequent fever and 58.8 percent foreign labour returned migrants had their treatment charge paid by their companies. Lack of information about the adequate the destination countries, poverty, unemployment, manpower agencies or agents’ exploitation, discrepancy in wages before and after departure, working condition and situation in the destination countries, language, environment, out off that work permit problems are the major problems in both origin and destination place. To promote the rights of migrant’s worker is major issue in present time. Foreign labour migration sending the large amount of remittance of Nepal, but they have not been able to utilize in productive sectors.
Pastoral Care for Migrants. Canonical and Religious Related Legal Requirements on Asylum and on the Change of Religion
Authors: Rees Wilhelm
Published: January 2022

Refugees and migrants have always been of particular concern to the Roman Catholic Church and its pastoral care. Even if the large influx of refugees happening in 2015 and 2016 is no longer the case, flight and migration are still relevant topics in Austria. The contribution deals with the historical development of canonical regulations, the situation of refugees and migrants in Austria, the legal basis, the implementation of asylum procedures and numbers, the statements of the Austrian Bishop’s Conference, the access to a Church or religious community and converting from one to another, the question of the Catholic Church’s necessity of salvation, regulations concerning catechumenate and the question of church asylum. It provides figures, data and facts, presents the canonical and state legal situation and analyses it. It tries to make weak points obvious and would like to provide help for future considerations.
Lucjan Świto: Zawarcie małżeństwa przez pełnomocnika w formie wyznaniowej ze skutkami cywilnymi w prawie polskim [Entering into a marriage by proxy in the denominational form with civil consequences under Polish law]. Olsztyn: Wydawnictwo UWM, 2019, 254 p
Authors: Budniak Józef
Published: January 2022

Lucjan Świto: Zawarcie małżeństwa przez pełnomocnika w formie wyznaniowej ze skutkami cywilnymi w prawie polskim [Entering into a marriage by proxy in the denominational form with civil consequences under Polish law]. Olsztyn: Wydawnictwo UWM, 2019, 254 pp
Jirí Dvorácek: Die Apostolische Exarchie in der Tschechischen Republik. Studien zur Geschichte, Gegenwart und Zukunft einer griechisch-katholischen Ostkirche [Eichstätter Studien — Neue Folge. Band 83]. Regensburg: Friedrich Pustet, 2020. 272 pp.
Authors: Němec Dámian
Published: January 2022

Die Apostolische Exarchie in der Tschechischen Republik. Studien zur Geschichte, Gegenwart und Zukunft einer griechisch-katholischen Ostkirche [The Apostolic Exarchate in the Czech Republic. Studies on the history, the present, and the future of an Eastern Greek Catholic Church] [Eichstätter Studien — Neue Folge. Band 83]. Regensburg: Friedrich Pustet, 2020. 272 pp.
Gustave de Beaumont’s Ireland and the Anxieties about Corruption and Forms of Empire
Authors: Drolet Michael
Published: January 2022

In the last few years there has been a surge of interest in early nineteenth century views on empire, including those of Alexis de Tocqueville and Gustave de Beaumont. Yet despite this important development, I beleive there is a significant gap in the historiography of liberal conceptions of empire. This lacuna results from a neglect of the connection between democracy, moral corruption, and empire. In this essay I will contend that Beaumont’s liberalism harbours a deep anxiety about how modern democracy brought about what might be described as a form of moral corruption. I will argue that this disquiet must be understood against the larger backdrop of liberal anxieties about how democracy corrupted both self and society, worries articulated especially clearly by the French Doctrinaires. It was this disquiet that marked Beaumont’s analysis of what he, Tocqueville, and many other Frenchman considered to be an ‘aristocratical’ tyranny in Ireland.
The effect of serial administration of doxorubicin at the level of main female sex hormones in the experiment
Authors: Shamrai V. A. , Misiurko O. I. , Grebeniuk D. I. , Taran I. V.
Published: January 2022

Annotation. The article presents the results of an experimental study of the dynamics of changes in the main female sex hormones with serial use of doxorubicin. The experiments were performed on 45 adult female white rats. The levels of antimullerian hormone, estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone were studied. In total, 4 courses of chemotherapy were performed with an interval of 3 weeks. After each course of chemotherapy, the hormonal status of the experimental animals was studied twice: during the first proestrus after the course (to determine the acute ovarian toxicity of the drug) and during the last proestrus before the next course of chemotherapy (to study ovarian function restoration). The obtained data were processed using the statistical software package SPSS 20.0 for Windows. The dynamics of the levels of studied sex hormones with serial administration of doxorubicin is characterized by wavy dynamics with deterioration immediately after chemotherapy and partial recovery during the period between adjacent courses. Ovariotoxicity of doxorubicin when serial administration in therapeutic doses in the experiment is manifested by significant changes in the levels of major female sex hormones after the second course of chemotherapy.
Features of energy and adipokine metabolism in patients with acute myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Koteliukh M. Yu.
Published: January 2022

Annotation. The study of energy and adipokine metabolism indicators for the development and course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with comorbidity remains relevant. The aim of the study was to determine the content of energy and adipokine metabolism in patients with myocardial infarction and ST-segment elevation depending on the presence and absence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study involved examination of 60 patients with AMI (Group 1) and 74 patients with AMI and type 2 diabetes (Group 2). Each group was divided into 2 subgroups according to coronary artery (CA) stenting. The control group included 20 healthy individuals. Adropin, irisin, fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP 4), C1q / TNF-associated protein 3 (CTRP 3) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All patients underwent coronary angiography. Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using the software package “IBM SPPS Statistics 27.0”. There was a decrease in the content of adropin, irisin and CTRP 3 and an increase in the concentration of FABP 4 on day 1 in Groups 1 and 2 compared with the control group (p˂0.05). In Groups 1 and 2 on day 14 there was an increase in the concentration of adropin by 23.87% and 41.43%, irisin by 56.59% and 11.11%, CTRP3 by 11.59% and 20.01% compared to day 1 (p<0.05). The level of FABP 4 in Groups 1 and 2 decreased by 19.69% and 26.61% compared to day 1 (p <0.05). In Group 1, an inverse correlation was found between Syntax Score (SS) and adropin (r= -0.432, p=0.01), irisin (r= -0.478, p<0.01), CTRP 3 (r= - 0.473, p<0.01) and a positive correlation between SS and FABP 4 (r= 0.436, p<0.05). In Group 2, there was an inverse relationship between SS and adropin (r= -0.452, p<0.05), irisin (r= -0.458, p<0.05), CTRP 3 (r= -0.437, p<0.05) and the direct relationship between SS and FABP 4 (FABP 4 (r= 0.418, p<0.05). Thus, the peculiarities of the content of energy and adipokine metabolism indicators in patients with AMI with existing and absent type 2 diabetes before and after primary CA stenting were studied.
Immediate and long-term results of retropubic prostatectomy and simultaneous preperitoneal hernia repair in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and inguinal hernia
Authors: Shaprynskyi V. O. , Gorovyi V. I. , Baralo I. V. , Kapshuk O. M. , Suleimanova V. G. , Horovyi O. V. , Dovgan I. I. , Hural D. M.
Published: January 2022

Annotation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immediate and long-term results of valvular prostatectomy and simultaneous peritoneal hernioplasty in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and inguinal hernia and assess the quality of life of patients. The article presents the treatment results of 152 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. All individuals were divided into two groups. The general group consisted of 32 (21.1%) patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and inguinal hernia, who underwent one-stage retropubic prostatectomy and simultaneous preperitoneal hernia repair. The comparison group consisted of 120 (78.9%) patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent only a one-stage retropubic prostatectomy. Assessment of the life quality of patients after simultaneous preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair was performed according to the EuraHS - Quality of Life scale in 6 and 12 months after surgery. The obtained quantitative data were processed by the variation statistic methods with the calculation of t-Student criteria. The data were considered reliable at a significance level of 0.95 (p<0.05). The average age of men in the comparison group was 68.0±7.2 years, in the general group – 67.1±6.9 years; the average prostate volume in the comparison group was 94.4±42.3 cm3, in the general group – 91.2±32.6 cm3; 44 (36.7%) patients of the comparison group and 4 (12.5%) patients of the general group were admitted to the department urgently (due to acute urinary retention or chronic complete urinary retention). The inguinal hernia was found in all 32 patients of the general group, among them in 4 men – on both sides. The average time of ciliary prostatectomy in the general group and in the comparison group was the same (82.8±25.6 and 80.1±17.4 minutes). The simultaneous inguinal hernia repair on the one side lasted 55.0±17.4 minutes. Neurological complications in the general group were noted in 2 (6.25%) patients, in the comparison group – in 9 (7.5%); urological complications took place in 11 (34.2%) and 40 (33.3%), respectively. The average postoperative inpatient stay in the general group was 9.5±1.7; in the comparison group – 9.8±2.9. It was statistically better due to these periods after surgery when compared with preoperative life quality.
Features of instrumental research methods in combination of endometrial hyperplasia with chronic endometritis
Authors: Abdullaiev V. E. , Hryhorenko A. M.
Published: January 2022

Annotation. Hyperplastic processes of the endometrium can be triggered by a chronic inflammatory process. In addition, the importance of the presence of a long hyperproliferative process in the endometrium to accelerate genome modification with significant negative consequences of the development of oncogynecological pathology has been proved. The above risks require the development of clear diagnostic criteria for endometrial hyperplastic processes at the stage of non-invasive instrumental diagnosis. The aim of the study was to establish the features of the impact of chronic endometritis on the risk of neoplastic endometrial processes. A study of 161 women aged 18 to 53 years. Of these, 58 women had a verified diagnosis of endometrial hyperplastic process, and 71 women had endometrial hyperplasia due to chronic endometritis. The control group consisted of 32 women without signs of hyperplastic processes and chronic endometritis. Statistical data processing was performed on a personal computer using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and the application package Statistica for Windows v.7.0, StatSoft Inc. (USA). All obtained quantitative data were processed by the method of variation statistics. A significant increase in uterine size was found in patients with endometrial hyperplastic processes, an increase in M-echo in patients with a combination of chronic endometritis and endometrial hyperplasia. The control group consisted of 32 somatically healthy women. Statistical data processing was performed on a personal computer using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and the application package Statistica for Windows v.7.0, StatSoft Inc. (USA). All obtained quantitative data were processed by the method of variation statistics. A significant increase in uterine size was found in patients with endometrial hyperplastic processes, an increase in M-echo in patients with a combination of chronic endometritis and endometrial hyperplasia. The basal artery resistance index was found to be lower in the group of women with chronic endometritis. Similar indicators are established for the values of the pulsation index of the basal arteries of the uterus and the state of the spiral arteries. Thus, the method of ultrasound diagnosis of internal female genitals is a highly sensitive and specific method for the diagnosis of hyperproliferative processes of the endometrium, but has limited informativeness for the diagnosis of chronic endometritis. The combination of ultrasound diagnostics with dopplerometry of uterine vessels and endometrium (with the development of appropriate diagnostic criteria) allows to suspect chronic endometritis at the stage of pre-diagnostic hysteroscopy and subsequent pathomorphological and immunohistochemical examination.
Characteristics of the psychoemotional status of different categories of flight persons
Authors: Kravchuk V. V. , Pashkovsky S. M.
Published: January 2022

Annotation. An important component of psychophysiological support of professional activity of flight crew is the diagnosis of their psychoemotional status. That is why the aim of the work was to identify the features of the psycho-emotional state of military and civilian pilots by comparative analysis of the results of assessing their personal qualities. For this purpose, psychological methods of research of semantic basic attitudes, responsibility and honesty are used. The survey covered 200 civilian and 100 military pilots. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using methods of descriptive statistics, implemented using the statistical package MS Exel. It is established that in terms of verbal and emotional dependence, dependence on achievements, demanding and responsible for themselves, all pilots have an adequate level of development. However, in terms of demanding others, only military pilots have adequate personality development. According to the characteristics of responsibility, its level is expressed inherent in civilian pilots, while the military have a situational manifestation. Assessing the processes of planning, organizing and performing professional duties (integrity) revealed that military pilots have a low self-esteem of their abilities, they are quite lazy, insecure. They are driven by spontaneity in making important decisions. Civilian pilots have a much higher level of self-esteem, confidence, concentration and ability to solve life’s problems. They are more careful and prudent when making responsible decisions. They clearly show a sense of moral and professional duty. Thus, it can be concluded that the identified features of the distribution of military and civilian pilots according to the level of development of personal qualities are primarily related to certain features of the nature of work and due to the peculiarities of military service. This situation requires the introduction of psychological methods for assessing the psycho-emotional state of flight crew during the implementation of psychophysiological support.
The role of neurotrophins in post-stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Sukhan D. S. , Liudkevych H. P. , Olkhova І. V. , Botanevych Y. O. , Orlenko V. S. , Solovei O. S. , Verstiuk S. B. , Pron A. A.
Published: January 2022

Annotation. Acute disorder of cerebral circulation (ADCC) occupies leading positions in mortality and disability in Ukraine, despite new treatments and modern medical care. Current data suggest that the problem of treatment and rehabilitation of patients after ADCC can be solved with the help of neurotrophins – a family of proteins that regulate the processes of plasticity in the brain. Due to the similarity of their structure, they are able to act as a holistic system, helping to repair damaged areas of the brain. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to collect information on the structure and function of neurotrophins BDNF, NGF, NT-3 and NT-4, their role in neuroplasticity after stroke in order to develop modern methods of influencing them for further implementation in practice. For this purpose, 50 sources from the main databases (Elsevier, Pubmed, Web of Science, Google Scholar) were used. The systematic review describes the structure of neurotrophins and their function, mechanisms of neuroplasticity and methods of influencing it, in particular exercise and diet. Since these methods have a general therapeutic effect and require a long time for its onset, the prospects for further development are the creation of drugs targeted to the neurotrophin system for effective rehabilitation of patients after stroke.
Diabetes Ameliorating Effect of Mushrooms
Authors: Azizur Rahman Mohammad , Akter Rabeya
Published: January 2022

The growing impact of type 2 diabetes in the majority of the population requires the introduction of better and more secure treatments, but also requires the development of new prevention strategies to reduce the incidence and prevalence of the disease. Significantly, type 2 diabetes is an important preventable disease and can be prevented or delayed by lifestyle intervention. Edible and medicinal macrofungi, mushrooms have been reported having diabetes ameliorating effects. Current study reviews the potentiality of both edible and medicinal mushrooms in preventing and ameliorating the diabetic complications as well as the future aspects of mushrooms against this metabolic disorder.
Herbal Medicine for the Treatmentof Viral Infections: A Systemic Review
Authors: Krishna Sailaja Abbaraju , Alekhya Amand
Published: January 2022

The term “Antiviral agents” has been defined in very wide terms as substances other than a virus or virus containing vaccine or specific antibody which can build either a protective or therapeutic effect to the direct measurable advantage of the virus infected host. Viruses are simple in form which are very tiny germs. They comprise of genetic material inside of a protein coating. Viruses cause amicable infectious diseases like common cold, flu and warts. They also cause severe diseases such as HIV/AIDS, Ebola, avian influenzas, dengue virus and COVID-19. Viral diseases are very complex and are easily spread. Herbs and herbal medicines were the foremost in treating infections from centuries over the world in every civilization. Modern science has narrowed the importance of herbal medicine in the past two centuries. But, the side effects and new varieties of diseases creating challenges to modern science. So, usage of herbal medicines is again attaining interests these days. Herbal products for different treatments have achieved a lot of popularity in the last couple of decades. Thus, discovering novel antiviral drugs is of extremely important and natural products are an excellent source for such discoveries. There are many herbs which are excellent sources for the antiviral properties to treat viral infections. This review provides the verified data on the herbal substances with antiviral activity, and some of the herbal marketed antiviral agents like CORONIL TABLETS from Patanjali and different companies had made an attempt to treat viral infections in this pandemic situation. Therefore, herbal plants proved to be a major resort for the treatment of diseases and sickness by traditional healers in many societies.
UNDERSTANDING THE EFFICACY OF TELECONSULTATION IN ASSUAGING ABUSE AGAINST INDIAN WOMEN DURING COVID-19 OUTBREAK
Authors: Dey Debashrita , Tripathi Priyanka
Published: January 2022

Covid-19 pandemic has impacted societal well-being in different and interacting contexts and its long duree consequences on human health, both biological and psychological serves to be a key element in the public discourse. The “pandemic-lockdown” in the Indian context made the health and social faultlines existing in the country hypervisible making one question the ‘normal’ we were existing with, in the pre-Covid times. As the virus took its toll on the fragile health system, nearly crushing it, individual’s rights to a safe and dignified life got threatened in the private spaces. The psycho-social effects of the pandemic arising from the exploitation in the public/private domains can be recognized as infringements with severe and sustained negative repercussions on the vulnerable sections of society. While analysing the intersecting vulnerabilities on varied fronts, another intense predicament related to women and elderly abuse in the (un)safe homely space awaits address and redressal. The nature of stressors underlying such abuse reflects on a complex interplay among several factors at an individual, community, and collective levels. The use of digital platforms, social media sites, and teleconsultation in moments of unprecedented crisis suggests towards creating an alternative paradigm for addressing the psychosocial dimension of the pandemic that lies intertwined with the “underlying injustices and social conditions”. In the backdrop of the Covid context, this paper would analyse how teleconsultation and telepsychiatry became an apparent channel to ensure health based services and extend support and safety to those victims and survivors of family abuse who remain marginalized in the society on sexist and ageist constructs.
Determination of the Incidence of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease among Shiraz, Iran, Residents
Authors: Karimi Noozhan , Khadem Parvin , Esfahanian Vahid
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Dental caries and periodontal disease are among the most common infectious diseases in the world. DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled, Teeth), CPITN (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs), and plaque indices are applied as suitable criteria for evaluating these two diseases and oral health. Given the significance of dental caries and periodontal disease, the objective of this study was to determine the incidence of dental caries and periodontal disease in the Iranian city of Shiraz. Material and Methods: The samples were evaluated in the four categories of medical, manufacturing, educational, and office centers within Shiraz, and then the DMFT, CPITN, and plaque indices in addition to nutrition status were all measured among them. Results: Having considered the DMFT to be below 15% and the CPITN less than 1.5 (the variablesâ€™ mean in the population under study), respectively, as resistant to dental caries and periodontal disease while at the same time taking into account the plaque index of less than 1.25 (mean) as the low level of this very index not disregarding the nutritional status of the population under study: the resistant individuals ratio to the two diseases equaling 10%, those individuals prone to these two diseases equaling 55%, the ratio of resistant people to periodontal disease and, simultaneously, prone to dental caries equaling 14%; and, lastly, the ratio of individuals resistant against dental caries simultaneously prone to periodontal disease equaling 20% (estimated). Conclusion: The research was performed in medical, manufacturing, educational, and office centers in Shiraz, Iran. There was no significant difference in terms of periodontal disease and dental caries between the four groups. [GMJ. 2012;1(2):66-71]
Depression and Perceived Social Support Evaluation in Iranian Pregnant Women Who Underwent Elective or Non-Elective Cesarean Delivery in 2011-2012
Authors: Riahinejad Soheila , Nikyar Hamidreza , Salem Mahnoush , Haghighat Fereshteh , Riahinejad Maryam , Kazemi Reza , Mohsenikia Maryam
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Psychological factors play an important role in post-partum period and they may cause some disorders such as post-partum depression. These disorders may be correlated with delivery modes. This study was designed to evaluated depression and social support in women who underwent elective or non-elective Cesarean delivery. Methods and Materials: This case-control study was conducted on 140 pregnant women who referred to Shairaaty Hospital, Isfahan, between 2011 and 2012. Seventy participants had a maternal request for Cesarean. Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS-P) questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used for social support and depression evaluation in the subjects. Result: Mean age in the elective Cesarean group was 27.48 Â± 4.25 years and mean age in group B was 27 + 4.16 years. 31.5% of the women who underwent elective Cesarean and 27.2% of the participants who underwent Cesarean with a medical reason had depression according to the BDI (p value =0.515) and there was no significant difference between the groups in the social support subscales (p value >0.05). Conclusion: According to our results and previous reports, there was no association between the delivery mode and post-partum psychological disorders; however, family support may decrease these disorders.[GMJ. 2012;1(2):72-77]
Guillain-Barre Syndrome after Kidney Transplantation: a Case Report
Authors: Farazdaghi Mohsen , Zoghi Anahita , Borhani Haghighi Afshin
Published: January 2022

Background: Guillain-Barre Syndrome is an unusual complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation but it is extremely rare after solid organ transplantation such as kidney or liver transplantation
Case report: A 48-year-old man, a case of kidney transplantation presented with generalized weakness in an ascending pattern. History and examination were compatible with the diagnosis of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) and paraclinical studies confirmed this diagnosis. He was treated for Guillain-Barre syndrome but no significant response was observed.
Conclusion: Guillainâ€“BarreÂ´ syndrome rarely appears after organ transplantation but it should be considered in a patient presenting with its associated symptoms after transplantation.
Validity and Reliability of Persian Version of International Prostate Symptom Score
Authors: Bidaki Reza , Panahi Ali , Mehraban Darab , Rezahosseini Omid
Published: January 2022

Background: In order to use International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) in the Iranian population, a valid and reliable Persian version of this questionnaire is required. To date, this version of IPSS with those characteristics is not available.

Material and Methods: For evaluation of the validity, the original version of IPSS (English version) was translated into Persian and after 3 weeks was re-translated from Persian to English.Â  Â The new English form was then compared with the original English IPSS form. Internal consistency was calculated. For measurement of reliability, the Persian version of IPSS was used to interview 50 patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). The difference between results was analyzed with a 3 week interval.

Results: There was no significant difference between English translations and internal consistency was 0.7 using Cronbachâ€™s Î± test.Â  Test-retest reliability was assessed and showed no significant difference between the scores before and after 3 weeks (P value= 0.9).

Conclusion: Persian version of IPSS was proved to be valid and reliable and can be used as a symptom-based questionnaire for BPH in Iranian population.
Common Intra Oral Radiographic Errors Made by Dental Students
Authors: Haghnegahdar Abdolaziz , Bronoosh Pegah , Taheri Mohamad Mehdi , Farjood Amin
Published: January 2022

Background: Retakes of intra oral radiographs happen frequently in dental practice although radiographic courses train dental students in consecutive semesters.To reduce the patient exposure as much as possible it is mandatory to reduce the number of retakes both in radiology clinics and educational centers.

Materials and Methods: 3188 periapical radiographs taken by bisect-angle technique was evaluated in this cross-sectional study to assess the frequent errors necessitating retakes. Views were taken by fourth year dental students using bisect angle method. Errors were tabled according to site and type.

Results: The four major errors that were found in the study included incorrect film placement (35.4%), cone cutting (18.2%), incorrect horizontal angulation (16.6%), and incorrect vertical angulation (14.4%). The distribution of technical errors by anatomic location was identified. Maxillary molar area was the most occurring site for errors.

Conclusion: These results suggest that educational programs may be re-evaluated to make the best benefit of educational courses involving both dental and hygiene students.
Detection of Syphilis by Serologic Tests in Pregnant Iranian Women, Shiraz, Iran
Authors: Taghinia Mohammad Amin , Motamedifar Mohammad , Hassanzadeh Parvin , Hassanzadeh Yashgin
Published: January 2022

Background: Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum and transmitted via sexual contact, infected discharge and blood as well as vertical transmission. It causes various impacts on women during pregnancy and their newborns which results in various complications. Thus, screening of syphilis is routinely performed during pregnancy. Choosing to perform a specific screening test is based on the prevalence of the disease in the target population which needs adequate information in this regard. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in Shiraz, South-west of Iran.

Methods: in this 15 month prospective study, 1100 pregnant women aged between 15 â€“ 42 years, referred to University affiliated hospital in shiraz, Iran were included Â Blood samples were obtained from all of our study population for performing RPR test. FTA-ABS serologic test was carried out on positive cases of RPR test.

Results: 15 suspicious cases with weakly positive RPR test were detected but in all of them FTA-ABS tests were negative.

Conclusions: The prevalence and incidence of syphilis was low in our area which may be due to variable reasons, such as reduction in the rate of unsafe and unprotected sex, improving knowledge, and adequate health care services. More studies are still needed to decide whether syphilis screening is beneficial in our area and should be considered as a routine test in pregnancy.
Trauma Induced Chronic Osteomyelitis: Specimens from Sinus Tract or Bone?
Authors: Zamani Mohammad Mahdi , Izadi Morteza , Sadat Seyed Emad , Mousavi Seyed Ahmad , Jonaidi Jafari Nematollah , Majidi Fard Mojgan , Etemadi Mehrnoosh , Imani Fooladi Abbas Ali , Talakoob Hamed
Published: January 2022

Background: The choice of an accurate microorganism isolation from chronic osteomyelitis has been a big conflict between clinicians during the time. The aim of this study is to compare specimens from sinus tract and bone, for an accurate treatment of trauma induced chronic osteomyelitis (CO).

Patients and Methods: A total of 139 patients with trauma induced CO, were entered to the study. The specimens were taken from both sinus tract and bone. All specimens were cultured by Karby Bauer method. finally isolated microorganisms from sinus tract and bone specimens, were compared.

Results:The overall concordance between sinus tract and bone cultures was 46%. There was 17% false negative results in sinus tract specimens, but only 5.6% of the bone specimens had false negative results. In all cases, which the microorganisms were found in the sinus tract, they were isolated from the bone also.

Conclusion: This study suggests that bone specimens are more reliable in diagnosis of trauma induced CO. Culture result of sinus tract specimen is reliable, except for Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus, and Candida albicans; In other conditions antibiotic therapy can be started based on sinus tract culture, until the bone culture becomes ready.
Prevalence and Localization of Impacted Canine Teeth in Both Jaws Using Panoramic Radiograph in a Selected Iranian Population, Shiraz, 2012
Authors: Haghnegahdar Abdolaziz , Zarif Najafi Hooman , Abdollahi Sima
Published: January 2022

Background: Since there has been no published report on the impact of permanent canines in Shiraz population, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and the location of the impacted permanent canines in patients referred to the Department of Radiology of Shiraz Dental School in 2012.

Materials and Methods: This was an analytic cross-sectional study on 1012 panoramic radiographs. For localization, the Canine Incisor Index (CII) was employed.

Results: A total number of 28 cases presented with at least one impacted canine. The prevalence of impacted canine (2.8%) was reported not differ significantly between the genders (p>0.05). Fifteen of the total of 28 cases could be included in the method of using CII and 6 were located palatally.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the prevalence of canine impaction in the selected population is estimated to be 2.8%. Sixty percent of the impacted canines that could be located were in buccal area.