bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of directional atherectomy with the drug-coated balloon method for long and heavily calcified superficial femoral artery lesions
Authors: Ketenciler Serkan
Published: October 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the mid-term results of patients who underwent directional atherectomy (DA) for vascular preparation before drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty with superficial femoral artery lesions longer than 150 mm and severe calcification and compare these patients with those treated with DCB angioplasty alone. Patients and methods: This prospective study enrolled 76 patients (66 males, 10 females; mean age: 63.3+9.8 years; range 44 to 105 years) with calcific superficial femoral artery lesions longer than 150 mm treated with DA before DCB angioplasty or DCB angioplasty alone between May 2019 and November 2020. The patients were evaluated in two groups according to DA use: the DA+DCB group with 46 patients and the DCB group consisting of 30 patients. The results of these two methods were compared, and the outcomes were followed up for one year after the treatment. Primary outcomes were patency, freedom from target lesion revascularization, and unplanned amputation. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in demographic features, risk factors, comorbidity, and functional capacity assessment tests. At the 12th month, the primary patency of the DCB and DA+DCB group was 66.6% and 82.6%, respectively (p<0.05). Although the bail-out stent requirement rate for the treatment of the flow-limiting dissection (type C-F) was lower in the DA+DCB group (8.6% vs. 10.0%), there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.46). Conclusion: The DA prior to DCB in long segment severe calcific superficial femoral artery lesions may provide better patency and may decrease rate of flow-limiting and non-flow limiting dissections.
The association of new atherosclerosis markers with coronary collaterals in chronic total occlusion patients
Authors: Emlek Nadir
Published: October 2022

Objectives: In the present study, we investigated the relationship between mentioned markers and chronic total occlusion collateral development. Patients and methods: A total of 243 patients (210 males, 33 females; mean age: 63.3±11.5; range, 51 to 76 years) who underwent coronary angiography due to typical chest pain or myocardial ischemia detected in noninvasive stress tests and diagnosed with ≥1 major coronary artery occlusion between January and September 2020 were included in the cross-sectional observational study. The angiographic collateral index was determined according to the Cohen-Rentrop classification. The patients were divided into two groups according to the sufficiency of collateral development: the well-developed collaterals group (n=155) and the poor-developed collaterals group (n=88). Results: Statistically significant parameters in univariate logistic regression analysis were evaluated with multivariate (stepwise) logistic regression analysis; as a result, presence of chronic total occlusion in left anterior descending artery (odds ratio [OR]=2.447; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.160-5.162; p=0.019), total number of occlusions (OR=3.503; 95% CI, 1.445-8.494; p=0.006), left ventricular ejection fraction (OR=1.056; 95% CI, 1.022-1.091; p=0.001), and the atherogenic index of plasma (OR=0.017; 95% CI, 1.022-1.091; p<0.001) were independently associated with well-developed collaterals. Although the triglyceride-glucose index had statistical significance in the univariate analysis, it was not detected as an independent variable in the multivariate analysis. The monocyte-lymphocyte ratio was not significant in the univariate analysis. Conclusion: Of the new atherosclerosis markers, only the atherogenic index of plasma had an independent association with poor collateral development.
Determination of predischarge learning needs of patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Sarıoğlu Tuğba Mutluluk
Published: October 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the predischarge learning needs and influencing factors of patients with myocardial infarction. Patients and methods: The study included 190 MI patients (156 males, 34 females; mean age: 60.2±12.7 years; range, 21 to 85 years) admitted with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction between February 2021 and February 2022. Data were collected using the Sociodemographic/Clinical Characteristics Form and the Turkish version of the Cardiac Patients' Learning Needs Inventory. Results: The patients' symptom management, physical activity, anatomy and physiology of the heart, diet, psychological factors, lifestyle, and the mean total score on the scale were 27.45±2.64, 22.82±3.53, 20.56±3.15, 19.92±3.19, 15.45±2.81, 12.38±1.95, 155.21±17.11 points, respectively. It was found that there was a statistically significant difference in the general education need levels of the patients according to their education status, marital status, working status, exercise habit, cohabitants, additional chronic diseases, and history of heart attack/angiography and seeking information about heart attacks (p<0.05). Conclusion: Predischarge learning needs levels of patients with myocardial infarction were relatively high. The primary learning need was for symptom management. Patients' learning needs levels varied according to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
Social network factors affecting adoption of Mobile app by farmers
Authors: NIKAM VINAYAK , KUMAR SHIV , M KINGSLY I
Published: October 2022

Effect of social network on adoption of Mobile app was studied in Nashik and Sangli districts of Maharashtra, India by interviewing 800 grape growers during 2016-17. Individual characteristics like income, landholding, caste, area under grapes and number of smartphones were significant factors determining the adoption of mobile app. In social network factors, village adoption rate, membership, education, landholding and frequency of communication were significant determinants of adoption. Village adoption rate of the technology resembles network behavior. Therefore, both social network characteristics and social network behavior influences the adoption decision of farmers. It shows that adoption is not just mimicking by the farmers, but it is a social learning process. The results emanating from the study provide insights to extension agents to devise strategy for introduction of any technology/ICT in agriculture. The way out to implement the strategy is to use extension methods that focus on social learning like Farmers Field Schools; target the farmers having more education, landholdings and who frequently interact with the large number of farmers to facilitate and enhance the adoption of new technology/ICT.
Development of mechanical urea briquette applicator for SRI
Authors: DEO MAN MOHAN , DE DIPANKAR , MANI INDRA , IQUEBAL MIR ASIF
Published: October 2022

India is the second largest consumer of fertilizers in the world. In wetland paddy cultivation, only 30-40% of nitrogen applied is fruitfully utilized as about two-third is lost through gaseous losses, runoff, and leaching or is immobilized in the soil. Deep placement of urea briquette (UB) by hand after conventional line transplanting at the rate of one UB near the centre of each four rice hills and at soil depth of 7-10 cm reduces nitrogen losses and increases fertilizer use efficiency, but is a time consuming and labour intensive process. A two-row prototype urea briquette applicator was designed, developed and evaluated under simulated condition of system of rice intensification technique (25 cm × 25 cm) in the field of ICAR-IARI in 2013-14. Row-to-row spacing was 50 cm as the distance between two furrow openers. The mechanical urea briquette applicator recorded average distance of placement of 51.44 cm in the row, depth of placement of 7.66 cm, draft of 92.41 N, field capacity of 0.05 ha/h, field efficiency of 69% and field machine index of 69.6% during the operation in the field at forward speed of 0.87 km/h.
Influence of soil solarization on the multiplication of aeroponic seed potato under net house (Gen-0) and open field conditions (Gen-1) of north central India
Authors: SADAWARTI MURLIDHAR J , SAMADHIYA R K , SINGH R K , SHARMA ASHWANI K , SINGH S P , SHARMA S K , BUCKSETH TANUJA , KATARE SUBHASH , SINGH Y P , RAWAL SANJAY , SINGH VINAY , ROY SATYAJIT , CHAKRABARTI S K
Published: October 2022

A field experiment was conducted at ICAR- CPRI, Regional Station, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh to study the effect of soil solarization on weed population and multiplication of seed potatoes under aphid proof net house (Gen-0) and subsequently under field conditions (Gen-1) of 3 potato cultivars, viz. Kufri Mohan, Kufri Chipsona-1 and Kufri Lauvkar during 2017-18 and 2018-19. Treatments were replicated thrice in split plot design. The experimental area was solarized with black polythene and paddy straw mulch, whereas, unsolarized plots served as control. Mean monthly maximum temperature at all the soil depths was higher in polythene solarized plots followed by unsolarized and paddy straw mulch solarized plots under both net house and open field conditions. Soil nutrient properties, viz. pH, OC, available N, P and K were influenced by soil solarization both at planting and harvesting. Solarization with polythene and paddy straw mulch resulted in 88.23% and 41.05% reduction in weed population under net house and 74.80 and 37.79% reduction under open field conditions. Under net house conditions, total tuber yield was significantly higher with polythene solarization (29.33 t/ha), whereas, under open field conditions yield was maximum with paddy straw mulch (37.45 t/ha) over other two treatments respectively.
Empirical evidences on production performance and economics of pulses cultivation in Bihar
Authors: KUMAR ABHAY , SINGH R K P , CHOUDHARY A K , SINGH K M , KUMAR UJJWAL , KUMAR PANKAJ
Published: October 2022

Pulse crops are important for providing healthy diets to human being and protein-rich feed and fodder to animals. Bihar is one of the major states for pulses production in the country. The study was carried out at Patna during 2017-19 and based on secondary data for the last 37 years period obtained from published documents and reports of Government of Bihar. Despite the institutional support to increase pulses production, area and production have been declining during the period under study due to lower productivity compared to the competing cereal crops in Bihar. It is paradox that per hectare net income and other measures of income are higher in pulses cultivation than wheat production in winter season but the weaker section of farming community prefer to cultivate wheat to ensure their food security. However, there is a dearth of appropriate technology for pulses production which needs urgent attention by scientific community and policy makers to reverse the cropping pattern in favour of pulses production.
Exploring agro-ecological bases of contemporary water management innovations (CWMIs) and their outscaling
Authors: GUPTA SANJAY KUMAR , RAO D U M , NAIN M S , KUMAR SUNIL
Published: October 2022

Innovations related to judicious use of scarce water resources evolved by farmers and refined by non-formal researchers termed as Contemporary Water Management Innovations (CWMIs) are now being practiced in drylands by majority of farmers in India for human and crop survival during water crisis. The study was carried out during 2017-18 in purposively selected villages of Ananthapur district of Andhra Pradesh. A sample of 120 (farmers) and 30 (mixed group of scientist's, NGOs activist and other experts) were selected randomly on the basis of the presence of and association with functional water sharing groups (WSGs). For critical analysis, a combination of focused group discussions, case study and Delphi technique accompanied by knowledge index, adoption index, multiple regression, correlation and factor analysis were used. It was found that only 20 users owned bore wells and shared with 100 farmers who did not own any bore wells. CWMI were well accepted and integrated into the culture of the dryland farmers as they comprehensively understood the agro-ecological bases for their survival and sustenance in dry land areas. 14 factors were deduced for agro ecological crises, Majority (63.33%) of farmers possessed high level of knowledge about the agro-ecological reasons behind the CWMIs and 60.83% of farmers had high (70â€“86%) extent of adoption of all the CWMIs and 65.8% of farmers had adopted 12 out of the 14 different practices. Need for synergy and convergence among researchers, administrations, line departments, NGOs, extension system were felt as the facilitative factors for diffusing CWMIs.
Embryo rescue and hybridity establishment in hybrid progenies derived from polyemebryonic Citrus species
Authors: DUBEY A K , GUPTA ANKIT , SHARMA NIMISHA , SHARMA R M
Published: October 2022

Due to highly polyemebryonic nature of Rangpur lime and sour orange, development of hybrid is difficult through conventional breeding. Therefore, the present study was carried out at the Division of Fruits & Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2017-19 to improve hybrid seedling recovery among the crosses made between these species. Germination was induced in rescued immature embryos ages (90-100, 110- 120, 130-140, 150-160 and 170-180 days after pollination) on two culture media (MS medium supplemented with 500 mg/l malt extract +1.5 mg/l GA3 + 0.02 mg/l NAA (M1) and DKW medium added with 1.5 mg/l GA3 + 0.02 mg/l NAA (M2). Fruits harvested at younger stage (90-120 DAP) had higher number of functional seeds. Older embryos (>150 days old) germinated earlier on either medium. Embryos rescued at early stage (90-100 DAP), middle age embryos (130-140 DAP) and oldest embryos (170-180 DAP) germinated efficiently (88.85-100%) on M2 medium. The seedling obtained from 170-180 days old embryos grown on M2 medium produced longest primary root and tallest plantlets (7.52 and 4.48 cm) at 60 days after inoculation (DAI). SSR marker analysis revealed that GT03 loci exhibited the polymorphism between male and female parents, proving their ability to detect the hybrids of Rangpur lime (C. limonia) × sour orange (C. aurantium).
Salt ratios respond to saline irrigation and sewage sludge application in pearl millet-wheat rotation
Authors: ANKUSH ANKUSH , PRAKASH RAM , SINGH RAMESHWAR , KUMARI SACHIN , LOUHAR GANPAT
Published: October 2022

Salinity is a limiting factor for crop production in irrigated areas. A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2017-19) using three irrigation treatments, viz. canal water (0.35 dS/m) and saline water (8 and 10 dS/m); and five fertilizer treatments, viz. control, sewage sludge (SS)-5 t/ha, SS (5 t/ha)+50% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), SS (5 t/ha)+75% RDF and 100% RDF, to evaluate the effect of saline water irrigation, organic and inorganic fertilization on salt ratios in pearl millet and wheat crops. However, SS was applied in the Rabi only. As the salinity of irrigation water increased, the salt ratios (Na+/K+ and Cl-/SO4 2) in pearl millet and wheat crops were increased markedly during both years. However, SS (5 t/ha) + 75% RDF recorded the lowest Na+/K+ ratio in pearl millet crop over control, but it was statistically at par with 100% RDF, while in wheat crop, the ratio was decreased considerably under 100% RDF treatment followed by sewage sludge amended treatments. Also, the ratio (Cl-/SO4 2-) in both crops was significantly decreased with sewage sludge incorporation, and the lowest was recorded with SS (5 t/ha) + 75% RDF. From the present study, it is concluded that the SS and inorganic fertilizer application helps in gaining potential of cereals against salt stress by reducing Na+ and Cl- besides increasing potassium and sulphate contents in plants.
Studies on vegetative and reproductive growth of cucumber under insect proof net house
Authors: KUMAR MUKUL , SIROHI H S , SINGH BALRAJ , TOMAR B S , SINGH AWANI KUMAR , SABIR NAVED , DWIVEDI P K
Published: October 2022

A study was carried out at CPCT, IARI, New Delhi during kharif 2013-14 to evaluate the vegetative growth and insect-pest incidence on cucumber under insect proof net house. Significantly higher vine length (94.94 and 178.67 respectively) and number of leaf nod (17.74 and 26.45 respectively) at 30 and 45 days after transplanting, were recorded in seed parent and pollen parent under insect proof net house in comparison to open field. Time taken to opening of first female and male flower in seed parent and pollen parent (39.0 and 34.90 respectively) was significantly lower under insect proof net house. Production of female and male flowers (36.57 and 25.42) was significantly higher under insect proof net house compared to open field crop. Fruit set and matured fruit (5.71 and 2.52) per plant was significantly higher under insect proof net house than open field (2.84 and 1.65 respectively). Incidence of cucumber mosaic virus was negligible under insect proof net house (0%) as compared to open field conditions (56.86%). Therefore, it can be concluded that for growing virus free seed crop and attaining better fruit growth, flowering, fruit setting and mature fruit per plant, hybrid seed production of cucumber should be undertaken in insect proof net house.
Validation of thin layer drying models in solar-powered air-inflated grain dryer
Authors: DUBEY ABHINAV , SHARMA P K , MANI INDRA , PARRAY ROAF AHMAD , ARADWAD PRAMOD , T V ARUN KUMAR
Published: October 2022

Cereals are generally harvested at 20-23% moisture content to avoid shattering losses therefore it is necessary to dry the paddy to lower moisture contents (13-14% wb) for safe storage and further processing.A solar-powered airinflated grain dryer was designed, fabricated and tested for drying of paddy. Different combinations obtained from two different levels of upper transparent polyethylene sheet thickness (200 microns and 300 microns), inlet air velocity (1.5 m/s and 3 m/s) and grain bed depth (2cm and 4cm) were compared based on parameters of thermal efficiency, rise in temperature of drying air and amount of moisture removed per unit time. It was found that least square mean values of thermal efficiency, temperature rise in the drying air and drying rate of the developed dryer varied from 18.7-45.7%, 3.35-5.81Â°C and 0.36-0.98 kg/hour respectively. Upper transparent sheet thickness (300 micron), inlet air velocity (3 m/s) and grain bed depth (4 cm) have the highest least mean square values in the selected parameters and was selected for optimized operation of the dryer. Eight different thin layer drying models were compared according to their coefficient of determination to estimate drying kinetics as criteria for evaluating the goodness-of-fit. The effects of selected variables on the model constants and coefficients were predicted by the models. The page model fit well with the experimental data and satisfactorily describe the drying kinetics of Pusa Basmati (PB 1121) with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9995 and RMSE of 0.005464.
Diversification and intensification in crop and dairy farming through watershed interventions
Authors: M SHARATH G , PONNUSAMY KUPPUSAMY , RAMASUNDARAM PALANISAMY
Published: October 2022

Watersheds are part of our natural social unit. Assessment of watershed interventions helps us understand the productivity enhancement as well as issues impacting the performance of watershed. The present study aimed to assess the impact of watershed interventions on farm productivity was conducted in Chitradurga district of Karnataka during 2019 by selecting 120 beneficiary and 40 control farmers. The positive impact was reported on control of soil erosion and also improvement of soil fertility. Additional improvement was perceived in the control of surface run off. About 67 respondents reported more than 25 % rise in their crop income. Cropping intensity increased significantly in all the watershed villages. Productivity of crops in the farmer field increased by 9.34% in cotton, 11.60% in onion, 15.17% in sunflower, 21.75% in maize and 27.83% in chickpea. The productivity of two major crops of the region, viz. groundnut (kharif) and finger millet (rabi) increased by 23.28 and 33.02%, respectively. Water management is one of the potential tools of productivity augmentation and resource saving, where the findings of present study would act as a supporting evidence for sustainable development of crops and dairy farming.
Genetic variability and correlation studies for morphological and biochemical traits of Annona genotypes
Authors: H JNAPIKA K , G NAYAN DEEPAK , JAMOH OYING , PANDEY RAKESH KUMAR , GAUTAM RAVI , DHAKAD ASHOK
Published: October 2022

The present study was carried out for genetic variability and correlation studies for morphological and biochemical traits of Annona genotypes. The maximum plant height (4.35 m), fresh fruit weight (FFW) (346.66 g), fruit length (8.11 cm) and pulp weight (237.76) were observed in the genotype No.1. Similarly in Arka Sahan, the highest total soluble sugars (TSS) (27.170 B) and total sugars (26.13%) were recorded. Most of the traits exhibited a heritability of more than 50% depicting their higher heritability. The highest values for phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were observed for traits like fruit weight, fruit diameter, pulp weight, rind weight, seed weight, number of seeds and seed percentage (SPER). Biochemical traits like TSS (6.860B), reducing sugar (5.14%) showed the lowest GCV values. The highest genetic advance as per cent mean (GAM) was found for fruit diameter (167.19%) followed by pulp weight (129.28 g), number of fruits/plant (124.52) and FFW (96.09 g). The highest GAM for biochemical traits was exhibited by titratable acidity (TA) (73.21%).Pearson correlation matrix revealed that plant height, fruit diameter, number of seeds/fruit exhibited positive correlation with fruit weight. However, seed weight, TSS, total sugars, number of fruits/plant parameters were negatively correlated to plant height. Based on the desirable fruit characters, viz. high pulp percentage, low SPER with minimum number of seeds, the genotypes No. 1, Island Gem, No. 2 Arka Sahan and Balanagar found highly promising genotypes.
Selection parameters for improving grain yield of bread wheat under terminal heat stress
Authors: MEENA VIJAY KAMAL , SHARMA R K , YADAV SURESH , KUMAR NARESH , GAJGHATE RAHUL , SINGH ATTAR
Published: October 2022

Improving terminal heat tolerance is an issue of top priority in wheat breeding in the present era of climate change. Present study was carried out to identify the association among traits of economic importance under terminal heat stress environment. The grain yield/sq. meter under terminal heat stress environment recorded highly significant positive correlation both at genotypic and phenotypic level with grain weight/spike, number of spike/sq. meter, harvest index and 1000-grain weight in both the crop seasons. Path coefficient analysis carried out using genotypic correlation coefficients revealed that days to heading contributing maximum positive direct effect towards grain yield under terminal heat stress environment followed by grain filling duration. Other characters contributing positive direct effects towards grain yield were grain weight/spike, number of spike/sq. meter, harvest index and biological yield/sq. meter under both the crop season. Thus, for improving the wheat grain yield under terminal heat stresses conditions, breeder should aim for selecting genotypes with bold grains or high grain weight /spike, more number of tillers/sq. meter, higher harvest index and longer grain filling duration.
Hipoxia y el entrenamiento en la cámara hipobárica
Authors: Sleather Adán Heredia-Reyes
Published: October 2022

El presente trabajo abarca la importancia del entrenamiento en una cámara hipobárica para el desarrollo profesional de los aviadores navales. La hipoxia es una enfermedad común dentro de la aviación al ser una actividad que se ejecuta a grandes altitudes, por tal motivo, la capacitación y entrenamiento de la tripulación de vuelo se encuentra orientada, entre otros factores influyentes para la realización de un vuelo seguro, al desarrollo y reconocimiento de la fisiología de cada individuo. El objetivo de este artículo es determinar la importancia del entrenamiento en la cámara hipobárica para el desarrollo profesional de los aviadores navales a través del análisis de los efectos de la hipoxia hipobárica en el ser humano.

Palabras claves: Hipoxia, entrenamiento fisiológico, cámara hipobárica, aviación naval.
Aprendizaje a través del simulador de vuelo en aviadores navales
Authors: Jean Carlos Romero-Muñoz
Published: October 2022

El presente trabajo aborda la importancia de los simuladores de vuelo como método de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los aviadores navales. El aprendizaje ha tomado gran relevancia mediante el empleo de entornos virtuales inmersivos, siendo considerado como una tendencia actual y futura en el ámbito educativo, pero que, a su vez, implica un costo económico que debe ser analizado para su adaptación. El objetivo del artículo es relacionar los métodos de aprendizaje actuales ligados con ambientes digitales simulados por medio de revisión documental y análisis de resultados de artículos científicos.

Palabras claves: aprendizaje, simulador de vuelo, simulación educativa, aprendizaje basado en juegos.
Homework, in-class assignments, and midterm exams
Authors: Kim Alice S. N. , Stevenson Cassandra R. , Park Lillian
Published: October 2022

Formative assessments can be used more effectively to support students’ learning when coupled with insights about which types of formative assessments are predictive of students’ subsequent learning achievement. In this study, we investigated the predictive utility of students’ grades on homework and in-class assignments for the midterm and final cumulative exam, which were taken as measures of student learning. The data consisted of the grades of 241 undergraduate students for homework, in-class assignments, midterm and final cumulative exams in a variety of psychology courses. Using regression analyses, we found that students’ midterm exam grades were predicted by their grades for homework and in-class assignments completed before the midterm exam. Final cumulative exam grades were predicted by students’ homework and midterm exam grades, but not their in-class assignment grades. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of formative assessments as tools to predict student achievement varies. Additionally, although homework was not as strong of a predictor as the midterm exam, it was still an adequate predictor of final cumulative exam performance. Since homework feedback is provided earlier and often more frequently, in the context of the present courses under investigation, it can be a useful tool in informing educators’ and students’ learning plans early in a course. Future research should investigate further the relation between different types of formative and summative assessments across different instructors, disciplines and institutions.
Why do students decide to stop studying physics?
Authors: Sneddon Peter , Ferguson Erin , Yao Eric
Published: October 2022

Each year, many students opt to study physics at higher education level in the UK – at the University of Glasgow, this number is around 180. A small number of these students, though, choose to leave this area after only one year. Over two academic years (2018-2019 and 2019-2020), there were 16 students such students. The work presented here explores the reasons why they left. Whilst the structure of degrees at UofG allows for students to make such a change, it was important to understand why students would choose to make such a significant change in case it pointed to negative factors in the way the course was being delivered. A study of literature found five main broad factors that influenced the decisions of students to change degree topic: content of course (including how it was delivered), gender stereotypes, peers and the wider university community, salary and job opportunities, and staff. These areas were explored in interviews and emails. It was found that course content and job prospects played a stronger role in influencing the students’ decisions than the other factors. Positives in other disciplines, and poor communication of the positives within physics, contributed to the students’ decisions. Similar issues may exist in any discipline; therefore, a better understanding of these motivating factors will allow us to improve our teaching and advising provisions to ensure that no-one is unnecessarily lost from a particular path.
Critical reflections on teaching in a UK university during a pandemic
Authors: Paltoglou Aspasia Eleni , Patel Hetal , Nerantzi Chrissi , Chatzidamianos Gerasimos
Published: October 2022

Module leading can be challenging at the best of times, more so during a pandemic. In this essay, we reflect on our professional experience as module leaders and academics. More specifically, we reflect on the role of emotional regulation, coaching and group work in learning and teaching at university, as well as the balance between offering students support and helping them become independent learners and take responsibility for their studies.
Role of Sino-Thai in the Production of Urban Space in Thailand in the 1950s
Authors: Potjanalawan Pinyapan
Published: October 2022

Using a social science approach, this article investigates the history of the production of space by Sino-Thai and their spreading of that urban space, both physically and socially. The article shows that the city was not only a space for families and for social activities but was also an area of economic activity, state administration and the consumption of resources drawn from villages and rural areas under the patronage of the city. The article also examines changes in urban space in relation to the socio-cultural adjustment of Sino-Thai after World War II. This includes the rise in power of the Chinese community achieved through their use of urban space and the movement of different groups within the urban environment. This change was controlled by government officials and Chinese entrepreneurs residing in the city, the latter playing a significant role economically through the acquisition of municipal power. However, the strength of bureaucratic power restrained the political impact of the Chinese community and helped to foster democratization of the city.
Classifying Thermal Climate Zones to Support Urban Environmental Planning and Management in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area
Authors: Srivanit Manat , Hokao Kazunori , Iamtrakul Pawinee
Published: October 2022

The Thermal Climate Zone (TCZ) is the basic unit of urban planning, defined as an area of thermally homogenous surface structure and cover, which was used in a GIS-multivariate analysis approach to delineate thermal climate units. With an understanding of the thermal impacts that planning decisions can have, it is essential to know how TCZs can be designed to regulate temperatures in the urban environment. Our aim in this study was twofold: 1) to facilitate consistent documentation of zone metadata and thereby improve the basis of intersite comparisons, and 2) to provide an objective protocol for measuring the magnitude of the urban heat island effect in the city. The analysis presented was applied on Bangkok Metropolitan Area. By surface properties differentiation, the urban-rural continuum yields a hierarchy of 7 TCZs. Land surface temperature was extracted from daytime LANDSAT TM (April 25th, 2009) image which was used to represent the stability of summer tem-peratures for different TCZs. We found that an urban–rural temperature difference, or urban heat island intensity, can often exceed 4.23°C in the summer. A spatially exhaustive map of TCZ would be helpful for city planners for two reasons. First, it would localize urban areas concerned by different climate behavior over the summer season and represented as a good indicator of urban climate variability. Second, when overlaid with a land cover map, this TCZ map may contribute to the identification of possible urban management strategies to reduce heat wave effects in the city. These results are clearly useful and essential pieces of information that can be applied in urban planning to improve climate adaptability.
Guidelines to Promote Cycling on University Campus: Case Study of Kasetsart University, Mahidol University and Thammasat University
Authors: Khongouan Waralak , Sakulrattanakulchai Satida
Published: October 2022

The objectives of this research are to study means of transportation on university campuses and student opinions on bicycle use on university campuses. This research will also analyze difficulties and problems of cycling in order to offer practical guidelines to promote cycling on university campuses to meet student needs. The campuses where this research was performed are Kasetsart University (Bangkhen Campus), Mahidol University (Salaya Campus), and Thammasat University (Rangsit Center).
In this research, data was gathered by surveying the areas, and using questionnaires to collect 600 undergraduate student opinions about cycling on campus by using the quota sampling method (200 students per 1 university; 100 bicycle users and 100 non-users). According to the study, all 3 campuses have similar types of transportations: bicycle, cars, on foot and university public buses. In the past, a lot of students at Kasetsart University chose riding as their primary mode of transportation on campus, but the number has been decreasing. At present, Mahidol University succeeds in promoting greater cycling participation among students and in creating an environment suitable for cycling, while Thammasat University has just started its campaign on bicycle use. The main problems and difficulties of riding bicycles on campuses have been found to be the danger of the use of bicycles and unawareness of the benefits of riding bicycles. Thus, the guidelines to encourage the use of bicycles on campus are to provide a network of bicycle lanes and to improve existing parking space and presented bicycle lanes. Moreover, it would be helpful to have a campaign to encourage the use of bicycles, and to develope services for using public bicycles.
Buddhism Vernacular Architecture in Songkhla Lake Basin
Authors: Buranaut Isarachai , Kirdsiri Kreangkrai
Published: October 2022

The evidence of the historical development of the Songkla Lake Basin (covering Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Songkhla Province, and Pattalung Province) has been found since the 5th BE, and clearly noticed during the 12-13th BE as the port of Srivijaya Kingdom. Then in 16th BE, pieces of evidence of relationship with the Song Dynasty of China were found. During the 17-18th BE, Nakhon Si Thammarat played its role as the centre of Tambalinga Kingdom. In the 20th BE, many cities in the South were under the control of Ayudhya and Rattanakosin, the capitals, respectively. Political control and Buddhism were clearly seen. For economic circumstance, people lived their lives mainly on farming and doing agricultural activities. Due to the fact that farming needed much labour, people lived altogether. Communities expanded and temples were their centre.
For the study of the floor plan of Buddhism vernacular architecture, it was found that the compositions and forms were similar to those found in the Chao Phraya Basin during Ayudhya and Rattanakosin period because of influence and relationship in terms of politics and Buddhism. However, due to its geographical aspects, the South has witnessed and experienced other cultures. This affected forms of architecture although the South has mainly been inspired by the Central Region, along with its own transformation and evolution. The study also found that the floor plan of temples is similar to that of the Central Region, for example Ubosot and the main Chedi were the main compositions, found in old temples, while Bua or small Chedi, keeping ancestors’ relics, were found in small temples, both outdoor or in the pavilion. The pavilions for miscellaneous purposes, because of the monsoon, were also found in the floor plan. In addition, vernacular architecture for shadow puppet theatre was also found generally.
Potential Works in BMR Transit-Oriented Development: Lesson Learned from The Past
Authors: Prasertsubpakij (Garshasbi) Duangporn
Published: October 2022

This article aims to provide insightful discussions on how to make TOD works in Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) according to the lesson learned from the past through a systematic review and discourse analysis. The findings indicated various hindrances to accomplish ‘the Avoid-Shift-Improve approach’ in BMR brought by dilemmas on metro unreachability, unplanned-structure of bus rapid transit, unpopularity of Suvar-nabhumi Airport Rail Link, non-integration of transportation and land use planning and silo practices. The study discoursed that unlike the foreign examples of TOD planning, mass rapid transits in BMR were initially built without any initiatives of TOD. The versions of TOD guidelines from other cities may not fit to the city; hence the study on multidimensional TOD practices must be performed to make TOD happen in BMR. Additionally, the potential works on creating TOD in the station areas involve collaboration among multiple stakeholders and land redevelopment associated with urban economics.
Real-Time 3D Presentation System for Heterogeneous Architectural Knowledge, Case Study: Wat Sri-Chum, Sukhothai
Authors: Busayarat Chawee , Lopkerd Prittiporn , Suksawaddi Varodom
Published: October 2022

Sri Chum temple in Sukhothai is an important archeological site of Thailand and one of the symbols of Sukhothai historical park. The tunnel is founded insides of the Mandapa (the temple’s central building) has significant historical and cultural values in many aspects but inaccessible for general public due to fragility of iconography and inscriptions engraved on the tunnel’s wall and ceiling.
In this project, the current state of Sri Chum temple was digitized by 3D laser scanner. These collected data are used as referential information to create an enriched architectural 3D model. This model can be visualized trough virtual environment in on-line information system. System user can navigate in 3D space and observe the 3D model without damaging engraved inscriptions in real building. This system can be used as a tool to access to archeological knowledge and information related to Sri Chum temple. This includes spatial, morphological, descriptive and visual information of the temple and engraved inscriptions in the restricted tunnel. The user can interact with real-time 3D scene that links to the interior and exterior database. The developed system can be used to enrich Thai cultural, historical and architectural knowledge, as well as in sustainable tourism.
Transparency
Authors: Boonyanan Archan
Published: October 2022

Originally written in the spring of 1955 by ColinRowe, an architect and Robert Slutzky, a painter asthe two members of Texas Rangers considered theavant-garde movement in 1950s American architectureat the University of Texas, Austin, the fully named article“Transparency: Literal and Phenomenal” was finallypublished in ‘’Perspecta 8’’, the Yale ArchitecturalJournal in 1964 after a long delay. As mentioned inPreface by professor Bernhard Hoesli of the SwissFederal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich, oneof the three significant contributions of Rowe andSlutzky’s essay is an abstract of insights and methodsthat can be concluded as a new transferable knowledgeor a theory from the studies of existing empirical works.
Study of Electricity Utilization in Beach Resort Hotel, Chonburi Province for Energy Conservation
Authors: Rasmimanonda Nattabhas , Ratanamart Suphawadee
Published: October 2022

This research investigated the standard electricity utilization in beach resort hotels based on a survey of four 4-star beach resort hotels in Chonburi, Thailand conducted in 2014. The main objective of the project was to know proportion of electricity in end-use category. Each hotel has total usable areas of 34,878.50, 24,706.56, 17,533.40 and 10,910.56 m2 with total air-conditioned areas of 17,364.45, 8,327.48, 5368.35 and 8,212.56 m2 respectively. The results showed that the hotel with most usable areas, air-conditioned space and using central air conditioning system has the minimum index value of electricity utilization for air conditioning system by compared with electrical consumption for air conditioning system per air-conditioned area equal to 72.36 kWh/m2/year. Unlike other three hotels with using split type air conditioning system that have this value equal to 89.92, 103.67 and 136.21 kWh/m2/year. Every hotel has the lowest proportion of electricity in lighting system compared with electrical consumption of air conditioning system and electric-mechanical system, which accounted for 5 – 10% of total electricity utilization and the maximum value of lighting density power is lower than 12 W/m2, which is considered the standard of Thailand Energy Conservation Promotion Act. Moreover, the study also found that the hotel with usable area most has annual electricity consumption for electric-mechanical equipment system that most in refrigerators, followed by pumps and other kitchen equipment, respectively which accounted for 53% of total electricity utilization. Finally, the results can also use as guidelines for designing beach resort hotels, Chonburi province for energy conservation, including the use of air conditioning systems appropriately.
Reflection of Modernity: Re-exploring the Role of Modern Architecture in Chiang Mai (1884-1975)
Authors: Suwatcharapinun Sant
Published: October 2022

Re-exploring the role of Modern Architecture of Chiang Mai, this research aim (1) to collect and identify the socio-cultural as well as political relations between “social relations” and “architecture” during the transi-tional period between 1884-1984, which can be regarded as an era of radical change in Chiang Mai originated by an imposed political power of Siam, together with a new economy, as well as rising modern technologies; (2) to analyze the causes and effects of how the social structures has been changed through the built environment. Methodologically, a field survey was conducted that focused on the present conditions and situations of those modern buildings in Chiang Mai City. These were based on 6 area divisions, where 42 public buildings were selected in order to explore them in detail, including in-depth interviews with owners, designers, as well as any other relevant person who has closely related to the building. This research identified four important causes which could increasingly transform Chiang Mai to be considered as a modern city - through the educational development, economic development, the development of city infrastructures, and the political and administrative development.
However, this research also identified three key factors that could further accelerate such transformation which are: 1) the decline of old ideology due to the rise of modern technologies - in particular the aspect of cosmology that related people to the city, segregating inhabitants in relation to their class systems, and how to locate people and their settlement in the city. 2) The political and administrative model of Chiang Mai in that period has become relatively flexible as a result of the unpredictable mode of administrative governance from Siam – changing Chiang Mai from under an intendent status to be a province. In short, Chiang Mai required a political system that allows it to be controlled by Siam, while maintaining the social status and class system that were already well established among the old nobilities. 3) The arrival of new technologies, in particular the railway from Bangkok that overcame the limitations and the boundary of transporting goods and supplies, particularly for new building technologies such as new reinforced concrete constructions. This research remarks that there are many unfortunate modern buildings that are still unseen, devalued, and perhaps destroyed without ever being considered as a part of the historical reflection of how Chiang Mai was transformed and modernized.
Bridging the Horizon: A Collaborative and Cooperative Approach for Cross-cultural Learning on the Artistic and Architectural Heritages of Central and Northern Thailand.
Authors: Noobanjong Koompong , Louhapensang Chaturong
Published: October 2022

Following a successful 2013 cross-cultural educational experience, faculty members and students fromKing Mongkut's Institute of Technology, Ladkrabang (KMITL) and University of Colorado Denver (UCD) againorganized a series of workshops and field trips to investigate artistic and architectural heritages in central andnorthern Thailand in January 2015. The program concluded with a joint exhibition of student research projectsat KMITL. The research methodology for the 2015 KMITL-UCD workshops and excursions analyzes the programfor its roles in: 1) expanding student knowledge of the artistic and architecture heritages in central and northernThailand; and 2) bridging a horizon of understanding between two groups of students; one grounded in theirown cultural roots in Thailand and the other not. Informed by Spencer Kagan's notion of Cooperative andCollaborative (C&C) learning, this paper explores the value and significance of cross-cultural study andexchange and demonstrates the value of collaborative and cooperative learning in architectural education.
Development of Support System Tools for Protect Cultural Heritage Sites from Flood Risk (PCH) Plug-in Tools
Authors: Daungthima Wittaya , Hokao Kazunori
Published: October 2022

This paper demonstrates the procedure for development of a support system to protect cultural heritage from flood risk (PCH) plug-in tools in SketchUp that supports planners and designers in developing satisfactory design solutions in the conceptual design integrated with urban management and local neighborhood. As well as the outline of the support system, the results of system use the mapping for flood risk protection and urban cultural heritage in Ayutthaya. In this stage, two approaches are presented including an urban scale and local neighborhood scale which were mapping of cultural heritage distributions damage sites and neighborhood map making. To support decision maker and local people to identify more policies necessary for better living safety and awareness, protection of cultural heritage. A holistic view based on integrated flood risk assessment and cultural methods for establish a support system for the integration of spatial information from decision maker of flood risk and cultural heritage planning for multi-scale spatial planning is further.
Traditional Lease and Ideal Lease: The Subtle Meanings of Lease Length
Authors: Thongsukplang Hansasooksin Suwadee
Published: October 2022

Despite the same few components of ground leases, an important variable that differentiates traditional lease from ideal lease is the length of leasehold term. Ground leases in Thailand can be granted in compliance with two laws: the Civil and Commercial Code, and the Hire Act of Immovable Property for Commerce and Industry B.E. 2542 (1999). While the former is the traditional lease releasing the maximum term of the leasehold at 30 years, the latter is the recent law extending the period of lease to 50 years. Nonetheless, there have been many attempts to extend the ideal lengths of lease to 90 – 99 years. Each length of lease, either the traditional or the ideal one, could be considered as a magic number. The backgrounds of such numbers illustrate not only the movement of the market altered by socio-economic circumstances, but also the tension between the traditional lease and the ideal lease which is based on longer time periods. However, it is interesting in that a leasehold agreement is still generally based on the 30-year leasehold tenure. Thus, the attention to leases in this paper is paid to the determination and application of length term, as well as the subtle meaning of each length of lease.