bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceivable Bioremediation Techniques Based on Quorum Sensing
Authors: Liao Nan Qing , Li Hao Ming
Published: March 2013

Quorum sensing(QS) is a mechanism of microbes to coordinate their activities, which allows them to function as multi-cellular systems. Recently, many researches have proved that the engineered QS system have a wide range of applications such as bioremediation of oil and heavy metal contaminated soils, and prevention of biofouling. Here we review the function of QS signals produced by bacteria, and the principle of enhancing degradative capacities of microbe. Specifically, we describe how QS system regulate the formation and dispersion of biofilms, which are reversible process that biofilms may be generated and removed as desired. The development of strategies to disrupt and manipulate QS are also implicated. Cells can be engineered to secrete QS signals to affect the behavior of neighboring cells in a consortium via engineered cellular communication. The complete genetic basis of QS may be used to control these communities of associated cells for bioremediation applications.
Adsorption Performance of Ammonia onto Compound Clinoptilolite Filter Material
Authors: Gao Long Long , Yu Yan Zhen , Li Miao Wan , Zhou Yu Xing , Zhang Hua Dong
Published: March 2013

In order to combine the microbial metabolism characteristics in biological aerated filter (BAF) with the adsorption and ion-exchange ability of natural clinoptilolite to treat sanitary wastewater, the experiment use clinoptilolite powder as main materials to prepare the large specific surface and high porosity spherical compound filter material by adding adhesive and pore-forming agent etc and get better effect on sanitary wastewater treatment.The static adsorption test showed that the adsorb ratios of ammonia-nitrogen is 58.5% when the compound filter material dosage was 100g/L, NH3-N concentration was 100mg/L and the contact time was 40min.The cure fitting of the adsorption isotherm of NH3-N on the compound filter material could be well described by the Langmuir formula and the coefficient of determination is 0.99216.
Colorimetric and Fluorescent Probe for Hypochlorite with High Selectivity
Authors: Han Zhi Xiang , Du Ming Hui , Liang Guo Xi , Wu Xiang Yang
Published: March 2013

Rhodamine B thiohydrazide (RBS) was firstly employed as turn-on fluorescent probe for hypochlorite in aqueous solution and living cells. It exhibits a stable response to hypochlorite from 1.0×10-6to 1.0×10-5M with a detection limit of 3.3×10-7M. The response of this probe to hypochlorite is fast and highly selective compared with other reactive oxygen species (such as.OH,1O2, H2O2) and other common anions (such as X-, ClO2-, ClO4-, NO3-, NO2-, OH-, Ac-, CO32-, SO42-).
Effects of Urea on Adsorption of Metsulfuron-Methyl by Three Kinds of Minerals
Authors: Ye Fa Bing , Huang Chun Bao , Xiong Xu Jie , Dong Yuan Yan
Published: March 2013

Adsorption of metsulfuron-methyl by kaolinite, goethite，amorphous alumina and the effects of urea on the adsorption were examined with equilibrium adsorption method. Results indicated that the adsorption was in accordance with Langmuir equation, with the maximum absorbing capacities ranking as amorphous alumina (2150 g•g-1), goethite (729.4 g•g-1), kaolinite (529.1g•g-1). When urea was used in the adsorption system, the absorbing capacities of goethite and amorphous alumina to metsulfuron-methyl decreased whatever the addition order of urea and metsulfuron-methyl was. However, when urea was added before or simultaneously with metsulfuron-methyl in suspension of kaolinite, the adsorption quantity of metsulfuron-methyl was increased．
Research on Paper Whiteness Based on Visual Comfort
Authors: Li Zhi Jian , Li Nuo
Published: March 2013

High whiteness paper is likely to cause visual fatigue. The relationship between whiteness and visual comfort is studyed by adopting the form of a combination of presentation reading and questionnaires. The experimental results show that, during the reading process, the higher of paper whiteness, the greater the chance of looked up, eye rubbing, and other little tricks, at the same time, the easier inattentive, have a negative impact on reading effect.
How to Improve Departmental Faculty Wellness in the Workplace
Authors: Li Hua
Published: March 2013

This paper highlights the importance of departmental faculty wellness within a workplace and the development of wellness strategies as well as program including departmental wellness tips and program for improving physical wellness. This project is based on establishing a set of long-term wellness strategies from both macro-level and micro-level. Both department and faculties should take responsibility to contribute to the improvement of institutional faculty wellness from physical, emotional, spiritual, social, mental, resourceful and environmental dimensions.
Evaluation of Chlorine for Inactivation of Bioterrorism Agents in Drinking Water
Authors: Liu Feng , Chen Zhong Lin , Chang Sheng
Published: March 2013

The object of this paper is to measure the characteristics of the inactivation kinetics of B. subtilis spores-surrogates for B. anthracis spores following the treatment with free chlorine. The results indicated that the inactivation kinetics of B. subtilis spores with free chlorine was characterized by a lag phase followed by a pseudo-first-order rate of inactivation. The magnitude of the lag phase increased and the rate of subsequent inactivation decreased with the decreasing temperature, for the experimental temperature range of 1-30 °C. The same tendency of inactivation kinetics curves was observed for the increasing solution pH, for the experimental pH range of 6-8. The CT concept was proved to be valid for the inactivation kinetics of B. subtilis spores with free chlorine under the conditions investigated. The validity of B. subtilis spores served as conservative surrogates for B. anthracis spore has been finally discussed.
Influence of Low Light on the Growth and Development of Vallisneria natans Seedlings
Authors: Li Qiang , Xie Yun Cheng
Published: March 2013

To research influence of low light on macrophyte growth, seedlings of Vallisneria natans were transplanted into the waters with 5%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.1% full sunlights, respectively. The results show that germination rates are significantly inhibited with the experiment. In first 20 days leaf formation of new plants aren’t inhibited, and their leaf elongation are promoted. Since then, them of old plants and new plants are remarkably inhibited with the experiment. Though maximum photochemical quantum yield (Fv/Fm), relative electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of old plants reduce significantly on low light conditions, but V. natans still hsa a certain degree of photoasynthetic capacity on the 80th day. Fresh weight ratio of roots and stems increase with decreasing light intensity. However, it exhibits an opposite trend for leaves. Thus, V. natans has a strong ability of low-light (≤1% full sunlight) tolerance.
Integrating Environmental Assessment of Failure Modes in Maintenance Planning of Production Systems
Authors: Costantino Francesco , Di Gravio Giulio , Tronci Massimo
Published: March 2013

Apart from preventing and controlling economical, technical and safety impacts of failures, so to reduce at best production losses, maintenance target is to systematically check and improve the allocation and usage of resources in order to assure quality of products and processes. At the same time, consumption of resources and their relative environmental impacts are becoming a central issue in the new international regulations and standards for sustainable manufacturing. On these considerations, the paper proposes an innovative methodology that, starting from the principles of FMECA (Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis), extends its own concepts with the introduction of a specific index to measure environmental effects of failures. Starting from the traditional definition of the RPN (Risk Priority Number) of a failure mode, the approach defines a new indicator (Environmental Indicator) to extend the results of FMECA and take in consideration the most critical issues of environmental protection: consumption of materials, emissions and wastes, lifespan of systems. Using this tool, maintenance scheduling can be defined considering also an environmental perspective. The methodology is tested on the maintenance program of a manufacturing line in a pharmaceutical production system and results are compared to the one obtained using a traditional FMECA approach.
Assessment of Regional Geological Disaster on Grey Clustering Methed in Shulan
Authors: Fu Wan Jun , Wang Gui Jin
Published: March 2013

Gray clustering method was used to establish the regional geological disaster risk assessment model by factor of the mean annual rainfall, relative height, ground slope ，geomorphological type, rock and soil type, fracture density, earthquake intensity, vegetation cover rate, human activity. This model was used to Predictive assessment of geological disasters in the Jilin Shulan region which is divided into the Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ districts according to the disaster assessment level. The Comparison of the model predicted disaster area and the actual geological disaster areas was correlation (accuracy) of 75% or more. The study confirms that the gray clustering method to predict geological disasters is effective to reduce the loss of geological disasters and to prevent geological disasters.
What Kind of Mines Could Be Called Green Mine? - A Study on the Standard of Green Mine
Authors: Huang Xu , Hu Ke , Li Xin , Liu Yao
Published: March 2013

The concept of Green Mine was first introduced in China in 2006. Up to now, the Ministry of Land and Resources, P. R. China (MLR) mandated the development of green mines which totaled to 220. Some experts query the nine conditions, which compose the present standard of the Green Mine, considering them not quantifiable, strict and practical enough. Therefore, we recommend the government to add Delphi method and some other quantifiable indexes into the present standard. Look into the distance, we may improve the theoretic study, summarize and generalize the experience of the Green Mine. Gradually improve the Green Mines construction standard and management measures of different regions, scale and different mineral resources.
Research on the Low-Carbon Development Evaluation System for the Thermal Power Plants
Authors: Niu Dong Xiao , Liu Tong , Wang Qiong , Wang Peng
Published: March 2013

The environment problem becoming increasingly prominent in nowadays, people pay more and more attention to low-carbon. The low-carbon status of power plants has a significant impact on the low-carbon development of the whole country. And the proportion of thermal power installed capacity of total installed capacity is more than 70%. So there’s necessity and practical significance to study low-carbon development evaluation system for thermal power plants. This paper discusses the principles, indexes selection and evaluation methods for thermal power plants’ low-carbon development assessment. And its case study done shows the effectiveness of the methods.
Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Tuohe River, Anhui Province, China
Authors: Zhang Yong , Fang Gang
Published: March 2013

In this study,sixteen sediment samples on Tuohe River were chemically analyzed in order to determine the concentration,origin and pollution intensity of heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd). The concentration of these elements was determined by using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Then a cluster analysis has conducted using Minitab software. The obtained results showed that the concentration of heavy elements are transitive as compared with the average concentration of these elements in ground surface and global sediments and they controlled by geological units. Lime units play the most important role to control the concentration of elements. Based on Muller geochemical index, the sediments in Tuohe River are not polluted.
The Ecological Frangibility Evaluation in Shuangtai Estuary Wetland
Authors: Lu Xiao Feng , Hao Xin Hao , Wang Tie Liang , Zhang Yu Long
Published: March 2013

According to the increasing degradation of Shuangtai Estuary Wetland, The paper makes an analysis and research on the pressure indexes of Shuangtai Estuary Wetland influenced and broken by human activities, in order to provide theoretical basis for future researches and management. The method of PSR was used to decide factor weights. The results indicated that the index of wetlands ecological frangibility evaluation is 0.15. According to the classification grade of wetlands ecological frangibility, the wetlands ecological frangibility is potential frangibility.
Secondary Organic Carbon Estimations with Hourly Monitoring Data and the OC/EC Primary Ratio Method
Authors: Lu Mei Fang , Huang Mei Chuan , Wen Chiau Yi , Wu Yi Hui , Lin Jim Jui Min
Published: March 2013

This study examined the hourly monitoring data from 2006 to 2009 collected by the Aerosol Supersite of the Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan. The OC/EC primary ratio method has been applied to estimate the content of secondary organic carbon (SOC). Results of this study indicated that the monthly concentrations of PM2.5, OC, and EC all remained low in summer but went up in winter. Possible factors were climate-related and influences from continental high pressure systems. The content (24–36%) of SOC in summer was significantly higher than in other seasons, indicating that a great formation of organic carbon in summer. When considering the hourly trend, apparent peaks can be consistently observed in the morning, which may be due to an increase of mobile pollution source and photochemical reactions. (OC/EC)min ratio values were calculated based on both hourly and daily concentrations of OC and EC, then annual values (2006~2009) were 0.20~1.11 and 0.68~2.72 for hourly and daily data base respectively. Content of SOC in PM2.5 and OC were estimated to be 16~23 % and 75~93 % based on (OC/EC)min ratio from hourly data set, and were 11~18 % and 42~77 % based on (OC/EC)min ratio from daily data set. Results from this study, as well as those from other studies, demonstrated that the OC/EC ratio is dependent upon the sampling method as well as the method of analysis. Furthermore, the daily OC/EC ratio may change, and significant variations may be found even within 24 hours. Taken together, when conducting estimation of SOC, it is important to eliminate the consideration on background concentrations but to take a good advantage of the high temporal resolution of hourly monitoring data in order to estimate SOC using a corrective approach.
Preparation and Characteristics of a New Anion Exchange Resin from Agricultural by-Products, Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Stalk
Authors: Mo Wei Ming , Li Wang , Kang Cai Yan , Zhang Min Jun , Lun Yu Long , Chen Chun Qiang , Meng Mian Wu , Chen Meng Lin
Published: March 2013

A new type of anion exchange resin was prepared from cassava stalk (CS) after reaction with epichlorohydrin and dimethylamine in the presence of pyridine and N,N-dimethylformamide. In order to obtain the optimal conditions for the preparation of cassava stalk anion exchanger (CS-AE), the single influential factor experiments were carried out, with nitrate removal efficiency as indicator. Factors like dosage of CS and catalyst, experimental temperatures were examined. The results indicated that the optimal synthesis reaction parameters of dosages were CS: pyridine: dimethylamine = 2 g: 30 ml: 35 ml. The optimal experimental temperature was 100 °C; the catalytic temperature was a key factor in the preparation of CS-AE.
A Cooperative MAC Scheduling Scheme for Underwater Sensor Networks
Authors: Tran Khoa Thi Minh , Oh Seung Hyun
Published: March 2013

The long propagation delay in underwater acoustic sensor networks renders existing media access control (MAC) protocols for terrestrial wireless networks undesirable. In this paper, we propose a new cooperative MAC protocol for underwater sensor networks that is used to detect objects and monitoring the environment. Our proposed MAC protocol tries to prevent data collisions through short term scheduling among neighbor nodes with exchange of short data message. By adapting the all sensor nodes to the transmitting schedules in which time is optimized we can minimize the collision rate between nodes. Through simulations, we show our proposed protocol can minimize data collisions and not only offers a higher throughput, but also indicates a better end-to-end delay.
Image Fusion Technology Application in Water Quality Monitoring Based on Digital Microscopic
Authors: Wang Yi Hong , Tao Shi Feng , Chen Jun
Published: March 2013

In the process of water quality monitoring based on microscopic examination of the activated sludge, low-contrast images can be captured sometimes when manual observation is being replaced by automated observation based on machine vision. It is difficult to accurately detect the target complete edge in a low-contrast image with a single image-segmentation method. The idea provided is in the paper that the low-contrast image is firstly segmented by Canny operator and mathematical morphology respectively, and then the two segmented images are fused based on wavelet transform. In order to verify the idea, the tail spines insect image shot by digital microscope is processed according to the idea in the paper. The result shows that this idea can achieve better image edge detection effect and it will provide good technical basis for the next protozoan and metazoan identification and statistics.
Outlier Detection for Observational Data of Automatic Meteorological Station Based on Least Square Support Vector Machine
Authors: Meng Zhen , Zhang Shi Chang , Huang Zeng Lin
Published: March 2013

Automatic meteorological station is important for meteorological observation and the existence of outliers in the observational data is inevitable. The paper proposes outlier detection for observational data of automatic meteorological station based on least square support vector machine (LS-SVM). The method establishes the LS-SVM model for the meteorological factor and uses the model to evaluate the observational data. If the observational data deviate from the model, they would be seemed as outliers. The ground temperature data observed by two real automatic meteorological stations are used in experiments. Experiments results verify that the proposed method realize outlier detection for observational data of automatic meteorological station effectively and ensures subsequent process and analysis of the meteorological data.
Calculation and Analysis of Water Footprint in Shunyi District of Beijing
Authors: Liu Su Ling , Wang Yu Xin , Mao Xiao Hui
Published: March 2013

The water footprint and consumption pattern is an effective tool for quantitifying the volume of water resources consumption in certain region [ ].Shunyi’s water footprint in the period 2006-2010 is calculated in this article from the view of virtual water. The general water footprint in Shunyi District at the year 2010 reached 790 million m3 and water footprint per capita was 536.48 cubic meters. Shunyi 's water resource quantity per capita was 501.27 m3 in the same year and the Water Scarcity Index was 1.98. The result of calculation shows that the water resource volume of exploitation in Shunyi District of Beijing has been beyond the water resources carrying capacity.
Facile Synthesis of SnS Microrods Films Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition
Authors: Zhao Mao Tai , Du Yuan Bao , Yang Xiao Feng
Published: March 2013

Despite plenty of reports on the preparation of SnS films, it remains challenging to grow SnS microrods films. In this paper, we describe a facile synthesis of the SnS microrods films, utilizing constant potential cathodic electro-deposition method, as well as the investigation of its structure and optical properties. The synthesis involves a mixture of stannous sulfate, EDTA and sodium thiosulfat. Preliminary studies on the growth mechanism indicate that SnS films are preferentially oriented along the (101) plane, which is quite different from the previous report that oriented along the (111) plane. Raman spectra indicate that the microrods films have a high purity.
Simulation for Controllability and Stability of 8×8 Wheeled Vehicle Based on ADAMS
Authors: Liao Zi Li , Yang Gui Bing , Liu Chun Guang , Pang Bin Bin
Published: March 2013

In order to analysis controllability and stability of wheeled vehicle, virtual model of 8×8 wheeled vehicle was constructed by ADAMS/Car. Doing snakelike test for virtual model by use of appraise method for controllability and stability of vehicle, according to the appraise and scoring for average steering wheel angle and average yaw velocity peak value at basic speed at last, the analysis result shows the better controllability and stability of the model, which provide the basis for further study of the entire vehicle dynamics.
The Modeling and Simulation of UAV Pneumatic Launch System
Authors: Liu Xiao Long , Xia Chuang Na , Ma Sheng Gang
Published: March 2013

This paper is based on the Bond Graph method to establish the mathematical model of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) pneumatic launch system, simulates its work process through using MATLAB software, analyzes the influence of changing air tank inflation pressure, air tank volume on launch performance, and draws some important conclusions, which can provide a theoretical foundation for the future development and improvement of the system.
Influence Analysis of Blade Fracture on Hydrodynamic Performance of Ducted Propellers Based on CFD
Authors: Ou Li Jian , Li De Yu , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2013

The numerical model of the unsteady flow field of ducted propellers is based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics). By applying the numerical model, the unsteady hydrodynamic performance of the ducted propeller with the fracture at different positions of a certain blade is numerically analyzed under three different wake current fields. Based on regress analysis ,the relationships between the mean KQ、mean KT and the quantity of the blade fracture of ducted propellers are obtained; and the relationships between hydrodynamic coefficients Kp, KQ, KFy (Bearing force coefficient of the propeller) and wake current fields , the quantity of the blade fracture are respectively further analyzed. The results show that: (1) with the increase of the quantity of the blade fracture, the amplitude of bearing force periodic variation of propellers increases, while the thrust and torque reduce; (2) the bearing force of propellers is similarly sine-varying, and the frequency of its variation is unrelated to the normal variation frequency of the wake current field. The more non-uniform the wake current field is, the more the amplitude of its periodic variation is; (3) the thrust and torque of propeller are similarly sine-varying, and the frequencies of their variation are related to the normal variation frequency of the wake current field. And the frequencies equal the shaft frequency multiplied the normal variation frequency of the wake current field. The more non-uniform the wake current field is, the more the amplitude of their periodic variation is.
3D Reconstruction Method of Bent Tube with NURBS Curve
Authors: Zhang Tian , Liu Jian Hua , Tang Cheng Tong , Liu Shao Li
Published: March 2013

To solve the difficulty and low efficiency of three-dimensional reconstruction of complex spatial form bent tube, a stereo vision method with NURBS curve to achieve three-dimensional reconstruction of bent tube is presented. This method first extracts central axis and the edge line of bent tube by the grayscale image, and the outer diameter of bent tube is calculated through the edge line extracted. On the premise of affine camera model, NURBS curve has been chosen as the primitive of reconstruction, and by using its affine invariance, according to the principle of binocular vision, the central axis of bent tube is reconstructed through reconstructing the control points. Finally, the three-dimensional model of bent tube is reconstructed by three-dimensional modeling technique. Experimental results show that, relative to the traditional methods, this method makes a big improvement on the efficiency and accuracy of three-dimensional reconstruction of bent tube.
Study on the Mechanical Properties of ABS Enhanced by Magnesium Hydroxide Whiskers
Authors: Jiang Yu Zhi , Zhang Li Li , Zhang Zhong Yang , Wang Li Hua
Published: March 2013

magnesium hydroxide whiskers; ABS; mechanical properties Abstract: The magnesium hydroxide (MH) whiskers/ABS composites were prepared by melt-extrusion with whiskers as fillers. Zinc stearate was used as modifier to improve the compatibility of the composites. The mechanical properties of ABS enhanced by different cotents of magnesium hydroxide whiskers were tested by the RGT-10 universal testing machine. When the content of whiskers was 10%, The comprehensive mechanical properties of the composites were the best, the max load was 0.30KN, the elastic modulus was 0.16Gpa, the tensile strength was 20.11Mpa, the total elongation was 10.24%, the fracture strength was 2.05Mpa. The fracture morphology of the composites was analyzed by SEM, the higher contents of magnesium hydroxide whisker, the worse-distributed whisker in ABS matrix.
Research on Fine Particles Capture of Baghouse Filter Media
Authors: Liu Jing Xian , Chang De Qiang , Xie Yue , Mao Ning , Sun Xi
Published: March 2013

Industrial dust emission is one of the main sources of fine particle especially for PM2.5 in atmosphere. Filter media is the key component for baghouse. In the paper, several normal needle felt filters and membrane filter are studied through experiments. The performances of filter such as resistance, capture efficiency for total particle and number counting efficiency for fine particle are tested.The experimental results show that the resistance of filter increase after aging, the resisitance increasing rate of membrane filter is the smallest; The efficiencies for total particles of normal filter are above 99.9% at clean state, and 99.99% at stable state after aging; Although the filters have high efficiency for total particle, but the number counting efficiency for 10μm particle is 94%-99%, and 52%-92% for 2μm particles. New filters for fine particles are needed.
Influence of Repeated Quenching-Tempering on Fisheye Cracks around Tin and Al2O3 Inclusions in SAE 52100 Steel
Authors: Mizobe Koshiro , Honda Takashi , Koike Hitonobu , Santos Edson Costa , Shibukawa Takuya , Kida Katsuyuki
Published: March 2013

Martensitic high-carbon high-strength SAE 52100 bearing steel has been widely used as the main alloys for rolling contact applications, and also at the components under bending and tension-compression. In order to enhance the material’s strength, refining the prior austenite grain size through repeated heating has been investigated. In this work, the microstructure of repeatedly quenched-tempered Ti, N-rich SAE 52100 steel was investigated. The material was melted by an electric furnace and formed by continuous casting and forging, and the crack origin on the fracture surface was investigated. It was found that repeated furnace quenching and tempering effectively refined the martenstic structure.
Analysis of Application of New Photochromic Materials in Design of Kindergarten
Authors: Xu Bo , Hu Wei Ping
Published: March 2013

New smart materials have taken the lead position in modern design, photochromic materials with base of polymer gradually step into the range of new decorative materials in design of kindergarten, abundant color is the intuitional demonstration to attract children, however, if the color doesn’t change at all for a long term, children will be bored in both aesthetics and vision, such new photochromic materials bring a new breakthrough for design of kindergarten.
Electroosmotic Flow Pump on Transparent Polyimide Substrate Fabricated Using Hot Embossing
Authors: Saito Hirofumi , Komatsuzaki Hiroki , Ikoma Ryuta , Komori Takayuki , Kuroda Keigo , Kimura Yohta , Fukushi Yudai , Maenosono Hirotaka , Koide Syohei , Satano Masahiro , Nishioka Yasushiro
Published: March 2013

Improved fabrication processes of an all-polyimide micro electroosmotic flow pump using hot embossing are described. Microchannels in the micropump were fabricated by hot embossing on a transparent polyimide substrate. A silicon micromachined mold was pressed into the transparent polyimide substrate at a temperature of 300 oC to form microchannel patterns on the substrate. The depth and width of the microchannels were 25 μm and 50 μm, respectively. A UV ozone treatment was performed to improve adhesion between the transparent polyimide substrate and film capping layer. This UV ozone treatment enhanced adhesion and resulted in the reduction of the adhesion temperature as low as 100 oC, and nearly no deformation of the microchannels was observed. As a result, the electroosmotic flow pump exhibited the flow rate of 0.7 μl/min when a voltage of 50 V was given between the electrodes separated 20 mm each other.
Physical Modeling of Magneto Hydrodynamic Explosive Munition and Detonation Control
Authors: Shi Yun Lei , Ma Shao Jie , Zhang He , Gu Lin
Published: March 2013

Definition of magneto hydrodynamic explosive munition is introduced. The technology that magneto hydrodynamic loaded EFP is presented. The magneto hydrodynamic power is generated by MFCG. The physical model of magneto hydrodynamic explosive munition using ferroelectric ceramics as primary source is established. The equivalent circuit of primary source, MFCG and magneto hydrodynamic accelerating model is analyzed by current transfer process. The security system is designed for the new ammunition, and its initiation timing is analyzed. A microsecond detonation control method is also given.
A Touch-Based Wheelchair Control Interface: Concept and Implementation
Authors: Chen Ting Shuo , Kuo Yu Chen , Syu Yao Sheng , Kuo Chung Hsien
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we propose a wTouch interface for controlling a human-centered intelligent wheelchair. The wTouch interface is a touch panel which performs similar joystick manipulations while it provides convenient wheelchair control interface, as well as offers useful wheelchair status. In addition, reactive navigation techniques are also developed by combining with the obstacle information to perform collision free navigations. The obstacle detection sensor uses a laser range finder and the reactive navigation uses the artificial potential field approach. Finally, a wTouch wheelchair prototype is produced in our laboratory for evaluating the performance of reactive navigations.
Engineering Objective Controls Knowledge Driven Product Definition in Industrial Product Development
Authors: Horváth László , Rudas Imre J.
Published: March 2013

High information content of integrated engineering activities stimulated development of product modeling during the past decades in order to support information management for lifecycle of products. Mechatronics is one of the engineering areas those require integrated product development techniques with strong knowledge based modeling and simulation in their background. The authors of this paper analyzed product modeling advancements in industrially applied product lifecycle management (PLM) systems in order to conceptualize new method to enhance knowledge content in product model. As a result of this analysis, they proposed a new method for control of product definition which extends the existing control in current PLM systems. This method is a contribution to solution for problems in current product modeling and is called as coordinated request based product modeling (CRPM). CRPM applies actual requested product definition (ARPD) as extension to currently applied product model. In this paper, the new method and entities as well as engineering objective definition and product behavior handling are explained as main contributions by the proposed modeling.
An EEG Based Control System for Intelligent Wheelchair
Authors: Li Min , Zhang Yi , Zhang Hui , Hu Huo Sheng
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a brain computer interface to control an intelligent wheelchair based on EEG signals. EEG signals are collected and analysed by using Emotiv. After signal processing, the events about motor imagery are generated and the commands are designed and transmitted to intelligent wheelchair. Finally, the system realizes the motion control of the intelligent wheelchair through subject's motor imagery of left hand, right hand and legs. Besides, the events about motor imagery are expressed in the form of virtual movement as the feedback of system. The Experiment results show that the control system is feasible and has better stability. It establishes a basis of practical application for EEG control intelligent wheelchair.
Control Platform for Tubular Permanent-Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor
Authors: Song Peng Yun , Zhang Ji Ye , Li Ming , Wang Shuang
Published: March 2013

In order to study the characteristics of the linear motor, this paper constructed the tubular permanent-magnet linear synchronous motor control experiment platform. Firstly, this paper introduces the structure and principle of the TPMLSM. Secondly, metal bracket is made. Magnetic grid scale is used as position sensor. Three closed-loop controller is constructed. Finally, controller make the linear motor to achieve pre-set target through the programming. The linear motor completed the intended target , and shows excellent characteristics.
A Kind of Design for Intelligent Photoelectric Tracing Trolley
Authors: Gao Wei
Published: March 2013

The intelligent control system of electric tracking trolley that uses infrared sensor as sensitive component and AT89S51 microcontroller as control core is designed in this paper. The design employees infrared receiver and transmitter to detect the runway information and AT89S51 to control the electric trolley tracking and auto parking. The system has the characters of simple circuit structure, high reliability, high intelligence and low power consumption. The paper describes the system's hardware and software design flow in detail. The result shows that the smart trolley in the absence of human intervention could independently run and stably track the target.
Development of a CCD-Based Optical Computed Tomography Scanner Used in 3D Gel Dosimetry
Authors: Chang Yuan Jen , Tseng Hung Li , Chen Chin Hsing , Tan Sun Yen , Hsieh Bor Tsung , Chang Wei Lun , Huang Wen Tzeng
Published: March 2013

This study proposed a CCD-based (charge-coupled device) optical computed tomography scanner (CT-s2) for 3D gel dosimetry. A parallel laser light was generated to pass through the gel sample using a diffuser and collimating lens. A CCD was used to capture projection image of gel sample at each step. An image reconstruction algorithm, filtered-back projection (FBP) technique was used to reconstruct the 3D image. Two better rotational steps are suggested as 1.0 degree and 1.5 degree for considering both of angular resolution and position deviation. The un-irradiated and irradiated BANG gel samples were scanned and reconstructed using FBP technique. Some artifacts were found in reconstructed images. Some discussions for artifacts were conducted and some solutions provided by previous researches to reduce these artifacts will be evaluated in the future work.
Comparative Analysis of Image Measurement Accuracy in High Temperature Based on Visible and Infrared Vision
Authors: Liu Zheng , Cui Su Mei , Yin He , Lin Yu Chi
Published: March 2013

Image measurement is a common and non-contact dimensional measurement method. However, because of light deflection, visible light imaging is influenced largely, which makes the measurement accuracy reduce greatly. Various factors of visual measurement in high temperature are analyzed with the application of Planck theory. Thereafter, by means of the light dispersion theory, image measurement errors of visible and infrared images in high temperature which caused by light deviation are comparatively analyzed. Imaging errors of visible and infrared images are proposed quantitatively with experiments. Experimental results indicate that, based on the same imaging resolution, the relative error value of visible light image is 3.846 times larger than infrared image in 900°C high temperature. Therefore, the infrared image measurement has higher accuracy than the visible light image measurement in high temperature circumstances.
Modeling Methods of Cylindrical Surface Form Error by Precision Turning for Assembly
Authors: Jin Xin , Zhang Xi , Zhang Zhi Jing , Zhang Ting Yu , Chen Jian Feng
Published: March 2013

A modeling method of parts surface form error distribution by precision turning for assembly is proposed in this paper. Selecting cylindrical surface by turning as the research objective, the study of modeling method of form error distribution law is carried out. According to the data from the precision surface which is measured by coordinate measuring machine (CMM), we model form error using the mathematical and numerical simulation software, followed by studying the form error distribution law of the cylindrical surface by precision turning. Finally, the form error numerical model for assembly is established based on the least square method. All the research above can provide guidance for the precision microminiature parts assembly and the improvement of assembly accuracy of precision parts.
Effect of End of Injection Angle on Performance and Emission Formation for a Gasoline Engine
Authors: Chang Hsu Fang , Cheng Wang Chih , Weng Feng Tsai
Published: March 2013

The method of supplying fuel for an electronic-controlled fuel injection system is calculating the required fuel amounts under various operating conditions of engine and controlling the opening and closing timing of fuel injection. After fuel injection, the effects of condensation and atomization of injected fuel as well as fuel mixing for combustion are strongly dominated by the opening timing and duration of intake valves. This can further affect the emission composition and performance for an engine. As the emission regulation is getting more stringent and the requirement for minimizing specific fuel consumption is becoming more urgent, investigating the effect of closing timing of fuel injection has turned out to be a major issue. Therefore, this paper presents a study about a series of engine tests to investigate the effect of end of injection angle on the performance and emission formation for a gasoline engine. In these tests, the values of end of injection angle are adjusted using a control software for electronic-controlled fuel injection system so that the results can be analyzed under various engine speeds and loads.
Mechanical Performance Simulation Model Based on PDM
Authors: Zeng Xiao Wen , Zeng Cheng , Han Bing
Published: March 2013

In order to manage the complex simulation data management in the process of mechanical dynamics simulation, a new management model was presented which is Performance Simulation Model(PSM). The model was based on PDM product structure and the concepts and elements of PSM were defined in this paper. Furthermore, the functional framework of PSM was proposed which based on the hierarchical relationship of product structure and the data stream relationship of data structure matrix. Finally, PSM was applied on ship planetary reducer collaborative simulation platform. The result indicates that the simulation data in mechanical collaborative simulation are managed by PSM, and the problem of interaction between collaborative simulation and PDM is solved.
Hierarchical Pipe System Disassembly Sequence Planning by Dynamic Self-Adaptive Tree Based Motion Planning
Authors: Zhao Bo Xuan , Liu Jian Hua , Ning Ru Xin , Liu Mi
Published: March 2013

This paper represents a hierarchical pipe system disassembly method by using dynamic self-adaptive tree (DSAT) based motion planning to perform disassembly for a complex pipe system. A pipe system CAD model is prepared initially to indicate the environment of the disassembly procedure. The improved motion planning method provides basic algorithm support for indicating the feasible escape path of a single part. Our technic gradually reduces the complexity of the pipe system to generate a hierarchical structure which takes all geometric information of the system. The hierarchical structure is preserved and used for the generation of a disassembly relationship graph which indicates the feasible disassembly sequences.
Shielding Method for the Capacitive Touch-Sensor
Authors: Hwu Chen Chuan , Hsu Jui Lin
Published: March 2013

Capacitive touch technology has been widely used in various applications because it allows intuitive interfaces and is almost without service-life limitation. There are two major limitations of capacitive touch sensors: the sensitivity is low when the sensing area is small and the sensing penetration is poor when the mechanical structure is thick. Here, we propose a shielding strategy for capacitive touch technology to improve the two limitations of sensing sensitivity and penetration. Based on the same test conditions, our proposed approach can improve sensing sensitivity. Hence, our proposed approach allows the replacement of an experiment device with a 50 mm2 sensing area with one with a 7-mm2 sensing area when using a 4 mm-thick cover.
Research of Facular Energy Distribution for Pulsed Laser Tracking System
Authors: Xu Jing , Zhang He , Sun Jian Tao , Cui Ye Bing
Published: March 2013

Due to the distortion is always accorded when the laser facular reaches the four-quadrant detection photosensitive surface of the pulsed laser tracking system, resulting in the decline of the target measuring accuracy. Therefore the effect of facular size and energy distribution for the target azimuth measurement accuracy is researched. The calculation method for laser pot offset is discussed, and the formulas and principle circuit are given. The effect analysis of the laser pot size for measuring linear region and sensitivity are carried out, when the laser spot shows a uniform distribution as well as the Gaussian distribution. The performance of the laser pots under the two energy distribution situations are compared, the corresponding simulation curves are obtained. The simulation results show that the linear region of the Gaussian spot is larger than the uniform spot, but its sensitivity is relatively lower than the uniform spot within the effective dynamic range.
The Unbalance Current Effect Caused by Non-Uniform Inductors in the Multi Phase Converter with a Single Current Sensor
Authors: Hung Chung Wen , Chen Jhih Han
Published: March 2013

To get less ripple of output voltage and reduce the inductor current capacity, the multi-channel scheme is a popular structure in the high power converter. By sharing the total current to multi channels, the channel current will be inversely proportional to the number of channels. Normally, the inductor of each channel is proposed to be uniform when the design procedure, and the inductor current of each channels also be supposed to be equal. And, the single current sensor structure will be considered, due to the cost reduction and the designed simplification. However, in real implementation, the inductance of each channels are different, and such kind of difference will cause some unexpected effect when using a single current sensor. To make sure the activity of the circuit as expectation, some non-uniform inductor effects in multi channel converter will be discussed in this paper. First, the measure method of the inductance error ratios in each channel will be proposed in the single current sensor scheme. Then, the unbalance current effect of the non-uniform inductance in the single sensor scheme will be discussed. The simulation results will be provided in this paper, which results will show the inductance measurement workable and the unexpected current obviously.
Design and Analysis of a Non-Vision-Based System for Detecting Unstable Gait
Authors: Chen Chin Hsing , Yu Yao Ming , Tan Sun Yen , Tseng Hung Li , Huang Wen Tzeng
Published: March 2013

An unstable gait provides early warning of more serious conditions. In this study, we propose the use of pressure sensors embedded into a shoe pad along with a 3D accelerometer fastened to the knee. We have implemented a portable gait-measuring device integrated with a ZigBee wireless sensor network. Moreover, the step length, step speed, and step distance are easily calculated in the user interface. These data can then be used to distinguish the seven decision points of a complete gait cycle. Analysis of the gait cycle is done using fuzzy logic. The detected gait phases can be compared with standard gait parameters from the literature. Thus, the analyzed gait parameters can provide early detection of the emergence of an unstable gait. Finally, because our system measures knee flexion angle, it can detect the swing phase of the gait cycle.
The Research of Particle Swarm Algorithm Based on Heuristic Rules for the Layout of Airplane Equipment Cabin
Authors: Han Xiao Jian , Ding Xiang Fang , Xiao Chun
Published: March 2013

How to get the most optimal solution of equipment layout in the aircraft cabin of the limited space is a completely NP problem. The problem is abstracted as three dimensions （3D） layout problem. A co-evolutionary particle swarm optimization with heuristic rules is presented. The cabin is decomposed into several small-scale layout problems. The co-evolutionary framework is adopted, and particle swarm optimization (PSO) and heuristic roles for layout are integrated to solve this problem. Finally, an example is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm.
A New Method for the Eigenvalue Problem of Structures with Uncertain-but-Non-Random Parameters
Authors: Zhang Jie Jie , Fang Bo , Tan Li Jun , Huang Wen Hu , Lin Tao
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the eigenvalue problem that involves uncertain-but-non-random parameters is discussed. The error of dynamical parameters of a system is unavoidable in the course of manufacture and installation. Eigenvalues of the system are hard to obtain by the traditional dynamical theory. A new method based on matrix inequality theory is developed to evaluate the upper and lower bounds of the eigenvalues. In this method, properties of matrix’s spectral radius and norm are used. The illustrative numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the validity of the method. Compared with the other methods, the calculated results show that the proposed method in this paper is effective in evaluating bounds of the eigenvalues of structures with uncertain-but-bounded parameters.
Numerical Analysis of Bubble Motion Characteristics within Vertical Rectangular Micro Channels
Authors: Chen Yan , Lu Ye , Zhang Shu Sheng
Published: March 2013

In this paper, flow patterns transition criteria from bubble growth to confined bubbly flow, from isolated/confined bubbly flow to slug flow, and from slug flow to annular flow are numerical analyzed. The prediction of the theoretical model agrees well with experimental data. By carrying out comparative study, it is indicated that there is an apparent postponement of flow patterns transition of flow boiling in mini/micro-channel than that under adiabatic conditions.