bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Total and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D is not associated with improved sexual dysfunction following vitamin D supplementation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a pilot study
Authors: Eickman Kira , Maxwell Rose , McGinnis Lynda K , Stanczyk Frank , Legro Richard , Lindheim Steven R
Published: February 2024

Background

Vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency has been linked to symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet little is known about Vit D supplementation as a treatment for sexual dysfunction (SDy) in women with PCOS.

Aim

To explore the implications of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and bioavailable 25[OH]D (bio-25[OH]D) status and replacement on women with PCOS and SDy.

Methods

Reproductive-age women with PCOS who were not desiring fertility were eligible provided that they also had SDy, as assessed by the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and were without severe depression, as evaluated by the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). Participants were given the recommended dietary allowance of Vit D (600 IU daily) plus hormonal contraception (HC; cyclic ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone) or no HC for 6 months. Comparisons between groups were analyzed by chi-square test and t-test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient analyzed correlations between FSFI with demographics, BDI-II, androgen levels, and total and bio-25[OH]D.

Outcomes

The outcomes included SDy (FSFI <26.55), total and serum bio-25[OH]D levels, and total and free testosterone.

Results

A total of 42 women without severe depression completed the FSFI, with 28 (66.7%) having SDy. All FSFI domains, including arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and pain, were significantly lower as compared with women without SDy, with no associations with respect to demographics, total and free testosterone, or total and bio-25[OH]D. Vit D replacement was initiated with HC (n = 18) or no HC (n = 10), and for those completing the study, FSFI improved (score >26.55) in 61% (11/18) regardless of the treatment group. A time-treatment effect showed a significant change for the domain of orgasm, suggesting that HC had more of an impact than Vit D replacement. Improvement in sexual function as a dichotomous variable was not associated with age, body mass index, other demographics, total and free testosterone, total and bio-25[OH]D, or HC use.

Clinical Implications

Due to the prevalence of SDy in women with PCOS, efficacious treatment options are necessary.

Strengths and Limitations

This study is the first to analyze the effect of Vit D supplementation on SDy in women with PCOS. Limitations included the small number of participants who completed the study, thus limiting meaningful conclusions and generalizability.

Conclusion

Vit D status was not associated with SDy and BDI-II. While HC may have played a role, standard Vit D supplementation could not account for the noted improvement in FSFI in women with PCOS.
Triggers of Anger
Authors: Goldstein Naomi E. S. , Serico Jennifer M. , Haney-Caron Emily , Giallella Christy L. , Kalbeitzer Rachel , Zelechoski Amanda D. , Riggs Romaine Christina L. , Kemp Kathleen
Published: February 2024

This chapter covers Session 6 of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls. In this session the group participants learn to identify the people, places, and things that might trigger their anger. The group facilitators explain to the girls that they can prevent anger and its consequences simply by avoiding those triggers. The identifying triggers activity will help the participants recognize their triggers as well as behavioral anger responses that often carry negative consequences for the girls. In another activity in this session, the facilitators show each girl how to create a matchbook of her own triggers.
How Do I Stop Myself When I’m Angry?
Authors: Goldstein Naomi E. S. , Serico Jennifer M. , Haney-Caron Emily , Giallella Christy L. , Kalbeitzer Rachel , Zelechoski Amanda D. , Riggs Romaine Christina L. , Kemp Kathleen
Published: February 2024

This chapter covers Session 9 of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls. In this session the group participants learn how pausing for a brief period rather than acting on their anger immediately can be a useful coping tool for dealing with their anger. The group facilitators emphasize to the participants the importance of allowing a cool-down period rather than reacting immediately. Delaying their response will reduce the risk that the girls will react aggressively and get into trouble. The facilitators use this session’s activities to teach the girls some tools that they can use to delay responses.
Consequences of Anger and the Importance of Setting Goals
Authors: Goldstein Naomi E. S. , Serico Jennifer M. , Haney-Caron Emily , Giallella Christy L. , Kalbeitzer Rachel , Zelechoski Amanda D. , Riggs Romaine Christina L. , Kemp Kathleen
Published: February 2024

This chapter contains the facilitator materials for Session 2 of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls. In this session the participants learn about the consequences of anger and the significance of setting goals. The catch phrase for the session is “Take control by setting a goal.” The facilitators will help the girls to distinguish positive from negative consequences and show them how a situation can go either way depending on the decisions they make. The facilitators should encourage the girls to complete their goal sheets to practice the skills they learned in real-life situations. The chapter also lists the movie clips to be presented in the session to teach the participants about different responses to anger.
Introduction to Social Aggression
Authors: Goldstein Naomi E. S. , Serico Jennifer M. , Haney-Caron Emily , Giallella Christy L. , Kalbeitzer Rachel , Zelechoski Amanda D. , Riggs Romaine Christina L. , Kemp Kathleen
Published: February 2024

This chapter provides the facilitator materials for Session 3 of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls. This session introduces the concept of social aggression. Social aggression primarily refers to ways that girls are mean to each other without getting physical. The goal sheet for the session focuses on each girl’s ability to be aware of social aggression. Session 3’s catch phrase is “Just like a physical fight, being mean isn’t right.” Possible consequences of both physical and social aggression are described. The chapter also lists the movie clips that feature social aggression and includes the fidelity assessment checklist to present during the session.
Is Anger Normal?
Authors: Goldstein Naomi E. S. , Serico Jennifer M. , Haney-Caron Emily , Giallella Christy L. , Kalbeitzer Rachel , Zelechoski Amanda D. , Riggs Romaine Christina L. , Kemp Kathleen
Published: February 2024

This chapter contains the participant materials for Session 1 of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls. It examines whether anger is normal. The session begins with an icebreaker before identifying positive quality words. The chapter then outlines anger facts, group goals, and group rules. Anger facts describe how everyone gets angry and that they have the right to feel angry and the ability to get angry without losing control. Group goals include dealing with their anger so they will not get in trouble; getting things they want without causing problems for themselves and others; and controlling their anger so others will not control them. A participant feedback form is provided at the end.
A survey for variable young stars with small telescopes – VIII. Properties of 1687 Gaia selected members in 21 nearby clusters
Authors: Froebrich Dirk , Scholz Aleks , Campbell-White Justyn , Vanaverbeke Siegfried , Herbert Carys , Eislöffel Jochen , Urtly Thomas , Long Timothy P , Walton Ivan L , Wiersema Klaas , Quinn Nick J , Rodda Tony , González-Carballo Juan-Luis , Morales Aimar Mario , Castillo García Rafael , Soldán Alfaro Francisco C , García de la Cuesta Faustino , Licchelli Domenico , Escartin Perez Alex , Salto González José Luis , Deldem Marc , Futcher Stephen R L , Nelson Tim , Dvorak Shawn , Moździerski Dawid , Kotysz Krzysztof , Mikołajczyk Przemysław , Fleming George , Phillips Mark , Vale Tony , Öğmen Yenal , Dubois Franky , Rolfe Samantha M , Campbell David A , Eggenstein Heinz-Bernd , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Heald Michael A , Lewin Pablo , Rose Adam C , Stone Geoffrey , Crow Martin Valentine , Dawes Simon Francis , OKeeffe Derek , Popowicz Adam , Bernacki Krzysztof , Malcher Andrzej , Lasota Slawomir , Fiolka Jerzy , Dustor Adam , Vajpayee Amritanshu , Devine Pat , Kolb Matthias , Marquette Jean-Baptiste , Ruppel Gregg L , Crowson Dan R , da Silva Cledison Marcos , Michaud Michel , Patel Aashini L , Dickers Matthew D , Dover Lord , Grozdanova Ivana I , Urquhart James S , Lynch Chris J R
Published: February 2024

The Hunting Outbursting Young Stars (HOYS) project performs long-term, optical, multifilter, high cadence monitoring of 25 nearby young clusters and star-forming regions. Utilizing Gaia DR3 data, we have identified about 17 000 potential young stellar members in 45 coherent astrometric groups in these fields. Twenty one of them are clear young groups or clusters of stars within 1 kpc and they contain 9143 Gaia selected potential members. The cluster distances, proper motions, and membership numbers are determined. We analyse long-term (≈ 7 yr) V-, R-, and I-band light curves from HOYS for 1687 of the potential cluster members. One quarter of the stars are variable in all three optical filters, and two-thirds of these have light curves that are symmetric around the mean. Light curves affected by obscuration from circumstellar materials are more common than those affected by accretion bursts, by a factor of 2–4. The variability fraction in the clusters ranges from 10 per cent to almost 100 per cent, and correlates positively with the fraction of stars with detectable inner discs, indicating that a lot of variability is driven by the disc. About one in six variables shows detectable periodicity, mostly caused by magnetic spots. Two-thirds of the periodic variables with disc excess emission are slow rotators, and amongst the stars without disc excess two-thirds are fast rotators – in agreement with rotation being slowed down by the presence of a disc.
2.5-MHD models of circumstellar discs around FS CMa post-mergers: II. Stationary accretion stage
Authors: Moranchel-Basurto A , Korčáková D , Chametla R O
Published: February 2024

We study the star–disc interaction in the presence of the strong magnetic field (B⋆ = 6.2 kG) of a slowly rotating star. This situation describes a post-merger of the spectral type B and has not been previously investigated. We perform a set of resistive and viscosity 2.5D-magnetohydrodynamical simulations using the PLUTO code. Based on our previous work, we consider the initial gas disc density ρd0 = 10−13 g cm−3 since it describes the conditions around IRAS 17449+2320 well. We find that the fall of gas towards the star occurs in the mid-plane, and remarkably, intermittent backflow takes place in the mid-plane in all of our models for R ≥ 10R⋆. However, we do not rule out that the funnel effect may occur and cause the accretion closer to the poles. Also, when larger values of viscosity (αν = 1) and stellar rotation rate (δ⋆ = 0.2) are considered, we find that the disc exhibits a thickening which is characteristic of FS CMa-type stellar objects. Additionally, we find that the poloidal magnetic field lines twist over short periods of time, leading to magnetic reconnection causing coronal heating that could explain the presence of the Raman lines found observationally in several FS CMa stars. Lastly, we find the formation of several knots in the magnetic field lines near and in the mid-plane of the disc which produce perturbations in the density and velocity components, as well as the formation of shallow gaps whose position depends on the inflation of the magnetic field lines.
Structure and large-scale environment of galaxy pairs in the S-PLUS DR4
Authors: Cerdosino M C , O’Mill A L , Rodriguez F , Taverna A , Jr L Sodré , Telles E , Méndez-Hernández H , Schoenell W , Ribeiro T , Kanaan A , de Oliveira C Mendez
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we use photometric data from the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey Data Release 4 survey to identify isolated galaxy pairs and analyse their characteristics and properties. Our results align with previous spectroscopic studies, particularly in luminosity function parameters, suggesting a consistent trait among galaxy systems. Our findings reveal a high fraction of red galaxies across all samples, irrespective of projected distance, velocity difference, or luminosity ratio. We found that the proximity of a neighbour to its central galaxy influences its colour due to environmental effects. We also found that central and neighbour have different behaviours: central galaxies maintain a stable red colour regardless of luminosity, while neighbour colours vary based on luminosity ratios. When the central is significantly brighter, the neighbour tends to be less red. According to our division in red, blue, and mixed pairs, we found evidence of galactic conformity. The red pair fractions increase in closer pairs and in pairs of similar luminosity, indicating shared environments promoting red galaxy formation. Analysing local density, the expected colour–density relation is of course recovered, but it is strongly determined by the stellar mass of the pair. In denser environments, the red pair fractions increase, blue pairs decrease, and for the mixed pairs it depends on their stellar mass: more massive mixed pairs decrease their fraction, whereas the less massive ones increase it. These results shed light on the intricate relationship between galaxy pairs, their characteristics, and environmental influences on colour, providing insights into their evolutionary histories.
Density functional theory of material design: fundamentals and applications—II
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Singh Prashant , Harbola Manoj K
Published: February 2024

This is the second and the final part of the review on density functional theory (DFT), referred to as DFT-II. In the first review, DFT-I, we have discussed wavefunction-based methods, their complexity, and basics of density functional theory. In DFT-II, we focus on fundamentals of DFT and their implications for the betterment of the theory. We start our presentation with the exact DFT results followed by the concept of exchange-correlation (xc) or Fermi-Coulomb hole and its relationship with xc energy functional. We also provide the exact conditions for the xc-hole, xc-energy and xc-potential along with their physical interpretation. Next, we describe the extension of DFT for non-integer number of electrons, the piecewise linearity of total energy and discontinuity of chemical potential at integer particle numbers, and derivative discontinuity of the xc potential, which has consequences on fundamental gap of solids. After that, we present how one obtains more accurate xc energy functionals by going beyond the LDA. We discuss the gradient expansion approximation (GEA), generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and hybrid functional approaches to designing better xc energy functionals that give accurate total energies. However, these functionals fail to predict properties like the ionization potential and the band gap. Thus, we next describe different methods of modelling these potentials and results of their application for calculation of the band gaps of different solids to highlight accuracy of different xc potentials. Finally, we conclude with a glimpse on orbital-free density functional theory and the machine learning approach.
The plant cell wall—dynamic, strong, and adaptable—is a natural shapeshifter
Authors: Delmer Deborah , Dixon Richard A , Keegstra Kenneth , Mohnen Debra
Published: February 2024

Mythology is replete with good and evil shapeshifters, who, by definition, display great adaptability and assume many different forms—with several even turning themselves into trees. Cell walls certainly fit this definition as they can undergo subtle or dramatic changes in structure, assume many shapes, and perform many functions. In this review, we cover the evolution of knowledge of the structures, biosynthesis, and functions of the 5 major cell wall polymer types that range from deceptively simple to fiendishly complex. Along the way, we recognize some of the colorful historical figures who shaped cell wall research over the past 100 years. The shapeshifter analogy emerges more clearly as we examine the evolving proposals for how cell walls are constructed to allow growth while remaining strong, the complex signaling involved in maintaining cell wall integrity and defense against disease, and the ways cell walls adapt as they progress from birth, through growth to maturation, and in the end, often function long after cell death. We predict the next century of progress will include deciphering cell type–specific wall polymers; regulation at all levels of polymer production, crosslinks, and architecture; and how walls respond to developmental and environmental signals to drive plant success in diverse environments.
Information and Bargaining through Agents: Experimental Evidence from Mexico’s Labour Courts
Authors: Sadka Joyce , Seira Enrique , Woodruff Christopher
Published: February 2024

Well-functioning courts are essential for the health of both financial and real economies. Courts function poorly in most lower-income countries, but the root causes of poor performance are not well understood. We use field experiments with ongoing cases to analyse sources of dysfunction in Mexico’s largest labour court. We provide parties with personalized predictions for case outcomes and show that this information nearly doubles settlement rates and reduces average case duration. The experiment generates the first experimental evidence in live court cases that reducing information asymmetries results in a decrease in delay, an outcome predicted by many theories of bargaining. We also find that the information treatment is effective only when the plaintiff is present to receive it directly, suggesting agency issues between plaintiffs and their private lawyers. For most workers, the treatment appears to improve welfare, as measured by discounted payouts and ability to pay bills.
Insomnia is more likely to persist than remit after a time of stress and uncertainty: a longitudinal cohort study examining trajectories and predictors of insomnia symptoms
Authors: Meaklim Hailey , Le Flora , Drummond Sean P A , Bains Sukhjit K , Varma Prerna , Junge Moira F , Jackson Melinda L
Published: February 2024

Study Objectives

The study aimed to characterize insomnia symptom trajectories over 12 months during a time of stress and uncertainty, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It also aimed to investigate sleep and psychological predictors of persistent insomnia symptoms.

Methods

This longitudinal cohort study comprised 2069 participants with and without insomnia symptoms during the first year of the pandemic. Participants completed online surveys investigating sleep, insomnia, and mental health at four timepoints over 12 months (April 2020–May 2021). Additional trait-level cognitive/psychological questionnaires were administered at 3 months only.

Results

Six distinct classes of insomnia symptoms emerged: (1) severe persistent insomnia symptoms (21.65%), (2) moderate persistent insomnia symptoms (32.62%), (3) persistent good sleep (32.82%), (4) severe insomnia symptoms at baseline but remitting over time (2.27%), (5) moderate insomnia symptoms at baseline but remitting over time (7.78%), and (6) good sleep at baseline but deteriorating into insomnia symptoms over time (2.85%). Persistent insomnia trajectories were predicted by high levels of sleep reactivity, sleep effort, pre-sleep cognitive arousal, and depressive symptoms at baseline. A combination of high sleep reactivity and sleep effort reduced the odds of insomnia remitting. Higher sleep reactivity also predicted the deterioration of good sleep into insomnia symptoms over 12 months. Lastly, intolerance of uncertainty emerged as the only trait-level cognitive/psychological predictor of insomnia trajectory classes.

Conclusions

Insomnia was more likely to persist than remit over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Addressing sleep reactivity and sleep effort appears critical for reducing insomnia persistence rates after times of stress and uncertainty.
Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Know Best: The Remarkable Complexities of Its Interactions With Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils
Authors: Wang Li-Tzu , Lee Wei , Liu Ko-Jiunn , Sytwu Huey-Kang , Yen Men-Luh , Yen B Linju
Published: February 2024

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), the predominant immune cell type in humans, have long been known as first-line effector cells against bacterial infections mainly through phagocytosis and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, recent research has unveiled novel and pivotal roles of these abundant but short-lived granulocytes in health and disease. Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), renowned for their regenerative properties and modulation of T lymphocytes from effector to regulatory phenotypes, exhibit complex and context-dependent interactions with PMNs. Regardless of species or source, MSCs strongly abrogate PMN apoptosis, a critical determinant of PMN function, except if PMNs are highly stimulated. MSCs also have the capacity to fine-tune PMN activation, particularly in terms of CD11b expression and phagocytosis. Moreover, MSCs can modulate numerous other PMN functions, spanning migration, ROS production, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation/NETosis, but directionality is remarkably dependent on the underlying context: in normal nondiseased conditions, MSCs enhance PMN migration and ROS production, whereas in inflammatory conditions, MSCs reduce both these functions and NETosis. Furthermore, the state of the MSCs themselves, whether isolated from diseased or healthy donors, and the specific secreted products and molecules, can impact interactions with PMNs; while healthy MSCs prevent PMN infiltration and NETosis, MSCs isolated from patients with cancer promote these functions. This comprehensive analysis highlights the intricate interplay between PMNs and MSCs and its profound relevance in healthy and pathological conditions, shedding light on how to best strategize the use of MSCs in the expanding list of diseases with PMN involvement.
The Research Trend of Soft Tissue Filler Injection from 2000 to 2022: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis
Authors: Liao Zhi-Feng , Cong Li-Yao , Li Fang-Wei , Wang Shi-Wei , Liu Fang-Cen , Wang Hai-Bin , Luo Sheng-Kang
Published: February 2024

Background:

The demand for soft tissue filler injections has experienced a significant increase in recent years. Therefore, this study used bibliometric analysis to identify prominent research areas and emerging trends within the field.

Methods:

Publications concerning research on soft tissue filler injections were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Subsequently, VOSviewer 1.6.18 and CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software were used to analyze the co-authorship, co-occurrence, and citations of countries, institutions, authors, hotspot keywords, and journals associated with these studies.

Results:

A total of 1370 records pertaining to filler injection research conducted between 2000 and 2022 were identified. The United States (524 publications) emerged as the country with the highest number of publications in this field, with Mayo Clinic (37 publications) making the most substantial contribution. Dermatologic Surgery emerged as the leading journal in this field, publishing the highest number of research articles (151 publications) and also being the most frequently co-cited. Cotofana proved to be the most prolific author with 51 publications, and Lemperle emerged as the most frequently co-cited author with 628 citations (including total link strength: 6587). The most popular keywords, in descending order of popularity, were “dermal filler,” “injection,” “soft-tissue augmentation,” “complications,” and “hyaluronic acid.”

Conclusions:

The findings of this study offer a comprehensive overview of the main directions in filler injection research. Furthermore, they underscore the imperative of intensifying efforts to prevent complications linked to filler injections.
Simulating mitral repair: lessons learned
Authors: White Abigail , Zarzycki Anna , Bisleri Gianluigi
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review

With the growing complexity of cardiac surgical cases, increased focus on patient safety, and minimally invasive techniques, simulation-based training has experienced a renaissance. This review highlights important elements of simulation-based training, focusing specifically on available simulators for mitral valve repair and the uses for simulation.

Recent findings

Referring to simulators as being high or low fidelity is oversimplified. Fidelity is a multifactorial concept, and for surgical task trainers, structural and functional fidelity should be discussed. For mitral valve repair, there are a spectrum of simulators, including tissue-based models, bench-top models, and hybrid models. All these simulator modalities serve a role in training if they align with predetermined objectives. There have been advancements in mitral valve repair simulation, notably patient-specific 3D printed silicone replicas of disease.

There is evidence to support that simulation improves performance in the simulated environment, but future investigation should look to determine whether simulation improves performance in the clinical setting and ultimately patient outcomes.
Ten-Year Outcome of Boston Type I Keratoprosthesis Surgery at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Tsou Brittany C. , Koseoglu N. Dilruba , Akpek Esen K. , Liu T. Y. Alvin
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to report long-term outcomes of patients who have undergone Boston type I keratoprosthesis (KPro) surgery.

Methods:

This study was a retrospective review. Inclusion criteria were KPro surgery between 2006 and 2012 and at least 10 years of follow-up. Demographics, ocular history, surgery indication, clinical variables, and postsurgical outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed.

Results:

We identified 75 patients with KPro implantation, and 17 patients with at least 10 years of follow-up (median = 11.1 years; range, 10.0–12.8 years) were included. Of 17 eyes, 11 (64.8%) had their original device in situ, 3 (17.6%) had their second device in situ, 1 (5.9%) had the device removed and replaced with a donor keratoplasty, and 2 (11.8%) were enucleated. At the last follow-up, 11 eyes (64.7%) were able to maintain improvement in vision, 5 (29.4%) had worsened vision, 1 (5.9%) had stable vision, and 9 (52.9%) had visual acuity <Snellen 20/200. Major complications included infectious keratitis (n = 5, 29.4%), hypotony (n = 4, 23.5%), retinal detachment (n = 4, 23.5%), endophthalmitis (n = 2, 11.8%), and retroprosthetic membrane (n = 7, 50%). In addition, 15 eyes (88.2%) required glaucoma surgery. All but 1 eye lost best-ever visual acuity with 9 eyes (52.9%) because of glaucoma progression.

Conclusions:

KPro had an acceptable retention proportion and remains a viable option for eyes at high risk of failure with donor keratoplasty. However, subsequent surgeries are commonly performed postoperatively to manage complications. Glaucoma seems to be the main etiology of irreversible vision loss.
Falsely prolonged prothrombin time test in a patient with erythrocytosis: a case report
Authors: Aghajani Daronkola Meysam , Dabbagh Ali , Shams Mahmood , Tabibian Shadi , Hosseini Soudabeh , Safdari Seyed Mehrab , Dorgalaleh Akbar
Published: February 2024

The prothrombin time (PT) test is commonly used to monitor deficiencies in coagulation factors. A prolonged PT may indicate a deficiency of factors II, V, VII, X, and fibrinogen, or the presence of an inhibitor. However, further tests are required to differentiate between a true factor deficiency and the presence of an inhibitor. It is important to note that falsely prolonged PT can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate clinical intervention that can have life-threatening consequences.

A 19-year-old woman with elevated hematocrit levels and prolonged PT was diagnosed with secondary erythrocytosis due to cyanotic congenital heart disease with ventricular septal defect (VSD). However, further investigation revealed that the prolonged PT result was false. Excess citrate in the blood sample, caused by polycythemia, led to this misleading outcome, resulting in unnecessary and potentially harmful treatment.

This incident emphasizes the importance of laboratory personnel and clinicians being aware of the test's limitations. Not only should specialists in thrombosis and hemostasis possess this knowledge, but it is also pertinent for general laboratory staff, as well as laboratory directors and specialists. The significance of accurate laboratory testing for the proper diagnosis and treatment of patients is highlighted in this case.
Ectopic pheochromocytomas in the third trimester: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhao Lei , Chen Miaomiao , Chen Xiaohong , Yu Ling , Du Shu Guo , Gan Quan , Yang Wen Zhong , Jiang Chengcheng , Xiao Mei
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

To investigate the clinical features, pregnancy care, timing, and approaches of pregnancy termination as well as the perinatal management of pregnant women with ectopic pheochromocytomas (EPCC) (paragangliomas, PGL).

Methods:

We report the diagnosis and treatment of a pregnant women with EPCC which was confirmed in the third trimester in our hospital. Literature in relation to EPCC during pregnancy both in and outside China was searched for data analysis such as maternal clinical features and maternal and fetal prognosis.

Results:

A total of 20 papers including 21 cases (plus ours) were retrieved. The average age of pregnant patients was 28 years old (from 21 to 37). Two patients presented no hypertension. Nineteen had hypertension in various extent with the accompany of headache (11 cases, 57.9%), palpitations (8 cases, 42.1%), sweating (6 cases, 31.6%), nausea (6 cases), abdominal pain (2 cases), etc. The tumor was found in the chest in 3 patients, in the upper abdomen in 1 patient, in the middle abdomen in 10 patients, between the lower abdomen and pelvic cavity in 3 patients and in the pelvic cavity in 3 patients. Five patients had a surgical removal of the tumor before delivery, 3 during cesarean section and 10 after giving birth.

Conclusion:

EPCC (PGL) during pregnancy is a rare extra-adrenal tumor, whose manifestations are often confused with those of pregnancy-induced hypertension. It is extremely hard to diagnosis the disease before surgery. Patients still have an opportunity of undergoing spontaneous delivery if their tumors have been removed before labor. However, for patients whose pheochromocytomas is localized before labor, it is better to terminate their pregnancy via cesarean section in a proper time according to their obstetric conditions, while under the supervision of multidisciplinary specialists. The preparations of both α and β adrenergic receptor blocker treatment that is normally carried out before PGL removal surgery are unnecessary to be overemphasized before the cesarean section.
The causal relationship between gut microbiota and COVID-19: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Tian Siyu , Huang Wenhui
Published: February 2024

Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the causal impact of the gut microbiota on COVID-19 remains unclear. We performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization. The summary statistics on the gut microbiota from the MiBioGen consortium. Summary statistics for COVID-19 were obtained from the 6th round of the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative genome-wide association study meta-analysis. Inverse variance weighting was used as the main method to test the causal relationship between gut microbiota and COVID-19. Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis was performed. Mendelian randomization analysis showed that Intestinimas.id.2062 was associated with an increased risk of severe COVID-19. Bifidobacterium.id.436, LachnospiraceaeUCG010.id.11330, RikenellaceaeRC9gutgroup.id.11191 increase the risk of hospitalized COVID-19. RuminococcaceaeUCG014.id.11371 shows the positive protection on hospitalized COVID-19. There is no causal relationship between gut microbiota and infection with COVID-19. According to the results of reverse Mendelian randomization analysis, no significant causal effect of COVID-19 on gut microbiota was found. The study found that gut microbiota with COVID-19 has a causal relationship. This study provides a basis for the theory of the gut-lung axis. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify the protective effect of probiotics against COVID-19 and the specific protective mechanisms. This study has important implications for gut microbiota as a nondrug intervention for COVID-19.
The effect of EEG neurofeedback on lowering the stress reaction level depending on various stressors on the biochemical, muscular and psychomotor sphere: A preliminary randomized study
Authors: Dornowski Marcin , Wilczyńska Dominika , Lachowicz Milena , Sokolowska Inna , Szot Tomasz , Urbański Robert , Maznychenko Andriy , Szwarc Andrzej , Gotner Kacper , Duda Dominik , Sawicki Piotr , Hinca Jakub
Published: February 2024

Background:

The human body is exposed to stressors on a daily basis. Short-term exposure to a particular stressor can cause the release of inflammatory markers – including c-reactive protein (CRP). EEG neurofeedback is a noninvasive form of therapy that aims to improve brain function. Neurofeedback is a type of feedback based on brain activity.

Methods:

The research process was performed by a group of 80 men who were divided into 2 research groups and 2 control groups. In the first research group and the first control group, the stressor of high temperature was applied, while in the second research group and the second control group, the stressor was physical exertion to refusal. Meanwhile, blood samples were taken to visualize inflammatory markers. These were taken before and after the stressor, as well as before and after the application of EEG neurofeedback.

Results:

In research group after EEG neurofeedback intervention, the level of CRP significantly dropped in the measurement after stressor implementation. Analysis of the SMK test revealed a significant influence of both factors (time F = 13.525, P = .035; state F = 10.658, P = .047) and their interaction (F = 16.709, P = .026). Same statically significant decrease was observed in the level of rect. abdom. EMG was after physical work after neurofeedback. In all tests, a decrease in the EMG amplitude of upper trap. was observed after physical work before neurofeedback with its further increase after neurofeedback. After neurofeedback training, the results of the 3 tested parameters of the sensorimotor coordination test performed after the second heat stressor improved statistically insignificantly compared to the values obtained before.

Conclusion:

This article shows the effect of EGG neurofeedback on reducing the negative effects of stress exposure in humans. The study showed that the level and a pattern of EEG neurofeedback influence and significance is different depending on the applied stressor. Furthermore, the level of EEG neurofeedback influence and significance in decreasing the stressor effect is different depending on the examined sphere.
Effect of hypoproteinemia on mortality of elderly male patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Tan Yan , Xiang Wei , Chen Yi , Huang Jing , Sun Dong
Published: February 2024

To explore the effect of hypoproteinemia on cardiac function and prognosis in elderly male patients with chronic heart failure. Among the patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized in the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command from December 2014 to December 2015, 100 elderly male patients with chronic heart failure were selected. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on their serum albumin (ALB) levels: 53 cases in the normal group (ALB ≥ 35 g/L) and 47 cases in the hypoproteinemia group (ALB < 35 g/L). Using the method of prospective study, under the condition of routine treatment of heart failure, follow-up observation for 5 years, we collected relevant data and analyzed the level of serum ALB, cardiac function and prognosis of patients in these 2 groups. The mortality of patients in the hyporoteinemia group were significantly higher than those in the normal group. Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDD) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the normal group after 5 years were markedly lower compared with that in the hypoproteinemia group. The mortality of patients with chronic heart failure with hypoproteinemia were higher, and the present study indicated that the ALB level may be associated with the mortality of patients with chronic heart failure.
A rare presentation of Wilson disease with neurological symptoms: Case report and genetic analysis
Authors: Elendu Chukwuka , Amaechi Dependable C. , Jingwa Klein A. , Elendu Tochi C.
Published: February 2024

Rationale:

Wilson disease is a rare genetic disorder primarily associated with hepatic symptoms; however, its unique neurological presentation remains a subject of interest in the medical literature. This case report contributes to existing knowledge by highlighting the unusual manifestation of Wilson disease with significant neurological symptoms.

Patient concerns:

The patient, pseudonym John Smith, presented with prominent neurological symptoms, including tremors, dystonia, and psychiatric manifestations. Clinical findings corroborated copper accumulation in the brain, prompting a thorough diagnostic investigation.

Diagnoses:

Genetic analysis revealed two ATP7B mutations, confirming the primary diagnosis of Wilson disease. This case underscores the importance of recognizing atypical neurological presentations in the context of this rare genetic disorder.

Interventions:

Chelation therapy, initiated promptly upon diagnosis, targeted copper overload. The intervention led to notable improvements in neurological symptoms and psychiatric manifestations. The dosage and duration of treatment were adjusted based on regular monitoring.

Outcomes:

Regular follow-up revealed a positive trajectory, with reduced tremors and improved overall well-being. Genetic testing, coupled with clinical assessments, contributed to monitoring treatment efficacy and optimizing therapeutic interventions.

Lessons:

The main takeaway lessons from this case include the significance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach, personalized therapeutic interventions, and the imperative to acknowledge the diverse clinical spectrum of Wilson disease. Early recognition and tailored treatment contribute to favorable outcomes in cases with atypical neurological presentations.
A network pharmacology method explores the molecular mechanism of Coptis chinensis for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Qian Qian , Luo Wen Lan
Published: February 2024

To predict the molecular mechanisms of action of Coptis chinensis in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease using network pharmacology. The active ingredients and targets of Coptis chinensis were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database. Target information for Alzheimer’s disease was screened using the GeneCard and OMIM databases. The Venn diagram tool was used to identify the intersecting targets of Coptis chinensis and Alzheimer’s disease. The obtained target information was entered into the STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction network. The R language was used to perform Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses of significant targets. Auto Dock Vina software was used for molecular docking. Fourteen effective active ingredients and 158 key targets associated with Coptis chinensis were identified. There were 1113 targets related to Alzheimer’s disease genes. A drug-component-disease-target network was constructed and 84 key targets were identified for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease by Coptis chinensis. The main signaling pathways were the PI3K-Akt, AGE-RAGE, MAPK, HIF-1, TNF, and relaxin signaling pathways. The molecular docking results showed that berberine has a high affinity for Alzheimer’s Disease. Coptis chinensis could play a multi-target and multi-pathway role against Alzheimer’s disease, which has guiding significance for clinical research.
Prospect of research on anti-atherosclerosis effect of main components of traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe through gut microbiota: A review
Authors: Huang Hongtao , Zhao Hanjun , Wenqing Lv , Xu Feiyue , Wang Xiaolong , Yao Yili , Huang Yu
Published: February 2024

The incidence and mortality rates of cardiovascular diseases are on the rise globally, posing a severe threat to human health. Atherosclerosis (AS) is considered a multi-factorial inflammatory disease and the main pathological basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, as well as the leading cause of death. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can induce and exacerbate inflammatory reactions, accelerate metabolic disorders and immune function decline, and affect the progression and prognosis of AS-related diseases. The Chinese herbal medicine clinicians frequently utilize Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe, an effective therapeutic approach for the management of AS. This article reviews the correlation between the main components of Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe and the gut microbiota and AS to provide new directions and a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of AS.
Application effect of behavioral cognition combined with psychological intervention on orthodontic patients: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Chen Qing , Liu Qingwen , Wang Wei
Published: February 2024

To explore the application effect of behavioral cognition combined with psychological intervention in orthodontic patients, so as to provide new ideas for clinical nursing of orthodontic patients. The 70 patients with orthodontic treatment were divided into 2 groups: the control group and the nursing group. Control group received routine clinical intervention, was treated with the normal clinical intervention, while nursing group was treated with behavior cognition and psychology intervention. The orthodontic effects of the 2 groups were evaluated, and the mental state, health behavior, gum swelling and pain were compared between the 2 groups before and after care. The cure rate of orthodontic treatment in the nursing group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < .05). At 12 months after intervention, the nursing group scored lower than the control group on the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Hamilton Depression Scale (P < .05), and the score of Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile-II was higher than that in the control group (P < .05). After intervention, the degree of gum swelling and pain in 2 group were notably relieved, and the alleviation degree of nursing group was better than that of control group (P < .05). Compared with normal clinical intervention, the behavioral cognition combined with psychological intervention have obvious improvement in mental state and health behavior of orthodontic patients, and can reduce the symptoms of gum swelling and pain, promote the recovery of gum, showing high clinical application value in improving the gingival health of patients.
Clinical and oncologic outcomes of posterior only total en bloc spondylectomy for spinal metastasis involving third lumbar vertebra: A case series
Authors: Paholpak Permsak , Morimoto Tadatsugu , Wisanuyotin Taweechok , Sirichativapee Winai , Sirichativapee Wilasinee , Kosuwon Weerachai , Kasai Yuichi , Murakami Hideki
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

A posterior-only total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) of the L3 level was deemed a highly intricate surgical procedure, necessitating the preservation of the L3 nerve root to prevent neurological deterioration. Despite bilateral preservation efforts of the L3 nerve roots, neurological deterioration proved unavoidable. This study aims to present the clinical, neurologic, and oncologic outcomes of spinal metastasis patients who underwent a posterior-only approach TES, encompassing the L3 vertebra.

Materials and methods:

All patients with L3-involved spinal metastasis undergoing posterior TES between January 2018 and January 2022 were investigated. The primary outcomes considered were the local recurrence rate and manual muscle testing of the lumbar myotome. Secondary outcomes included Frankel neurological status, operative time, blood loss, perioperative and postoperative complications, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score.

Results:

Five patients with TES involving L3 (three females) met the inclusion criteria. All patients had solitary metastases (three in the lungs, 2 in the breasts). Postoperatively, all patients experienced weakness of the hip flexors, but they were able to ambulate independently 12 months after surgery. One patient exhibited adjacent segment (L2) disease progression and underwent corpectomy 18 months after TES. No local recurrences at the surgical site were detected on magnetic resonance imaging at the 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion:

Posterior-only TES for L3-involved vertebrae yielded excellent results in the local control of metastatic disease. Despite hip flexor weakness, all patients were able to regain independent ambulation after 12 months. TES can offer favorable clinical and oncological outcomes in patients with solitary spinal metastases.
Radial nerve palsy in the newborn combined with congenital radial head dislocation: Case report and literature review
Authors: Li Yunlong , Nan Guoxin , Chen Jiahui , Jiang Yongyao , Zhu Weiyue
Published: February 2024

Rationale:

Radial nerve palsy in the newborn and congenital radial head dislocation (CRHD) are both rare disorders, and early diagnosis is challenging. We reported a case of an infant with concurrent presence of these 2 diseases and provide a comprehensive review of the relevant literature. The purpose of the study is to share diagnostic and treatment experiences and provide potentially valuable insights.

Patient concerns:

A newborn has both radial nerve palsy and CRHD, characterized by limited wrist and fingers extension but normal flexion, normal shoulder and elbow movement on the affected side, characteristic skin lesions around the elbow, and an “audible click” at the radial head. The patient achieved significant improvement solely through physical therapy and observation.

Diagnoses:

The patient was diagnosed with radial nerve palsy in the newborn combined with CRHD.

Interventions:

The patient received regular physical therapy including joint function training, low-frequency pulse electrical therapy, acupuncture, paraffin treatment, as well as overnight splint immobilization.

Outcomes:

The child could actively extend the wrist to a neutral position and extend all fingers.

Lessons:

If a neonate exhibits limited extension in the wrist and fingers, but normal flexion, along with normal shoulder and elbow movement, and is accompanied by skin lesions around the elbow, there should be a high suspicion of radial nerve palsy in the newborn.