bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Residual Current Measurement using Helmholtz Coil Configuration with different Current Flow
Authors: Sutanto Erwin , Chandra Frangky , Gonnelli Eduardo , Suhariningsih Suhariningsih
Published: July 2018

For leakage current safety, Residual Current Device (RCD) has been well known. The purpose of this work is to make the employment of low price components to measure residual current feasible and the Residual Current Device (RCD) must to be taken into account because it is a well known device for leakage current safety. For this purpose, experiments employing the Helmholtz Coil Configuration were performed with the different current flow. Furthermore, the residual current was formulated and simulated through the software Easy Java Simulation (EJS). The results showed that it is possible to move the magnet into different angles using leakage current with linear gradient as low as 0.382 degree/mA. Finally, it was proposed a way to increase the sensitivity and to reduce the hysteresis phenomenon.
The Building of Pulsed NQR/NMR Spectrometer
Authors: Hemnani Preeti , Rajarajan A. K. , Joshi Gopal , Ravindranath S. V. G.
Published: July 2018

NQR spectrometer designed is composed of four modules; Transmitter, Probe, Receiver and computer controlled (FPGA & Software) module containing frequency synthesizer, synchronous demodulator, pulse programmer and display. The function of the Transmitter module is to amplify the RF pulse sequence to about 200 W power level into the probe (50 Ohm) which is a parallel resonance circuit with a tapped capacitor. The probe excites the nucleus and picks-up the signal emitted from the nuclei. The nuclear signal at the same frequency as the excitation, which is typically in the range of a few microvolts is amplified, demodulated and filtered (1 kHz to 100 kHz) by receiver module. 14N NQR, 1H and 2H NMR signals are observed from the spectrometer.As the SNR of NQR signal is very low, NQR signal processing based on Adaptive Line Enhancement is presented.
Selection of Digital Filter for Microprocessor Protection Relays
Authors: Solovev Denis B.
Published: July 2018

The article considers some issues related to replacement of electromechanical relays used for protection of power facilities with microprocessor relays. One of the urgent problems connected with implementation of microprocessor overcurrent protections is how to use current transducers other than usual current transformers and in particular Rogowski coils that become more and more widespread. In the article are compared twelve methods of synthesis of a digital filter basing on the analog prototype – second-order integrating filter. The bilinear filter and Boxer-Thaler filters are analyzed in respect to their use in microprocessor relays. Basing on the research results a technique for selection of parameters of digital integrating filters for microprocessor relays is proposed. Simulation results show that Boxer-Thaler and bilinear filters have better accuracy during transient current measurements than the analog filter. The study allows concluding that in many cases the digital second-order bilinear filter is the best choice for use in microprocessor relays.
A Study on PHERB Powertrain Modeling and Analysis
Authors: Norbakyah J. S. , Salisa A. R.
Published: July 2018

A study on plug-in hybrid electric recreational boat (PHERB) powertrain with a special energy management strategy modeling and analysis was presented in this paper. Firstly, the boat components are sized to meet the expected power and energy requirements through a power flow analysis. Then, the model is tested numerically in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment using the existing driving cycle. The accuracy of the model is verified by a comparison of the component between the simulation results from PHERB and advanced vehicle simulator (ADVISOR) software. The simulation results of component, fuel economy and emission of PHERB and hybrid electric vehicle models in ADVISOR are compared.
0.5 GHz-1.5 GHz Bandwidth 10W GaN HEMT RF Power Amplifier Design
Authors: Ilamaran Shiva Ghandi Isma , Yusoff Zubaida , Sampe Jahariah
Published: July 2018

With the current development in wireless communication technology, the need for a wide bandwith in RF power amplifier (RF PA) is an essential. In this paper, the design and simulation of 10W GaN HEMT wideband RF PA will be presented. The Source-Pull and Load-Pull technique was used to design the input and output matching network of the RF PA. From the simulation, the RF PA achieved a flat gain between 15dB to 17dB from 0.5GHz to 1.5GHz. At 1.5GHz, the drain efficiency is simulated to achieve 36% at the output power of 40 dBm while the power added efficiency (PAE) was found to be 28.2%.
Frequency Reconfiguration Mechanism of a PIN Diode on a Reconfigurable Antenna for LTE and WLAN Applications
Authors: Shah S. M. , Daud M. F. M. , Abidin Z. Z. , Seman F. C. , Hamzah S. A. , Katiran N. , Zubir F.
Published: July 2018

Microstrip patch antennas are increasingly gaining popularity for usage in portable wireless system applications due to their light weight, low profile structure, low cost of production and robust nature. The patch is generally made of a conducting material such as copper or gold and can take any possible shapes, but rectangular shapes are generally used to simplify analysis and performance prediction. Microstrip patch antenna radiates due to the fringing fields between the patch edge and ground plane. In this work, a frequency reconfigurable antenna with a BAR63-02V Positive-Intrinsic-Negative (PIN) diode is designed, simulated and fabricated. The antenna operates at 2.686GHz for Long-Term Evolution (LTE2500) and 5.164GHz for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications. In the OFF state, the antenna operates at 5.302GHz, which is also suitable for WLAN application. The proposed antenna is fabricated on a FR-4 substrate with a relative dielectric constant, εr of 4.5, thickness, h of 1.6mm and loss tangent, tan δ of 0.019. The fabrication process is carried out at the Advanced Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Design Laboratory in UTHM.
First photographic evidence of Snow Leopard Panthera uncia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) outside current protected areas network in Nepal Himalaya
Authors: Lama Rinzin Phunjok , Ghale Tashi R. , Suwal Madan K. , Ranabhat Rishi , Regmi Ganga Ram
Published: July 2018

The Snow Leopard Panthera uncia is a rare top predator of high-altitude ecosystems and insufficiently surveyed outside of protected areas in Nepal.  We conducted a rapid camera-trapping survey to assess the presence of Snow Leopard in the Limi valley of Humla District.  Three individuals were recorded in two camera locations offering the first photographic evidence of this elusive cat outside the protected area network of Nepal. In addition to Snow Leopard, the Blue Sheep Pseudois nayaur, Beech Marten Martes foina, Pika Ochotona spp. and different species of birds were also detected by camera-traps.  More extensive surveys and monitoring are needed for reliably estimating the population size of Snow Leopard in the area.  The most urgent needs are community-based conservation activities aimed at mitigating immediate threats of poaching, retaliatory killing, and rapid prey depletion to ensure the survival of this top predator in the Himalaya.
A checklist of the ornamental fishes of Himachal Pradesh, the western Himalaya, India
Authors: Sharma Indu , Dhanze Rani
Published: July 2018

Fifty-eight ornamental fish species belonging to five orders, 13 families and 36 genera occur in Himachal Pradesh. The dominant family is Cyprinidae (46.55%) followed by Nemacheilidae (15.51%); Sisoridae, Poeciliidae, Osphronemidae (9.89%); Cobitidae (5.17%); Amblycipitidae, Ambassidae, Badidae, Gobiidae, Helostomatidae, Cichlidae and Characidae (1.72%).  Of the 58 species, 27.58% are exotic and have been mainly imported for aquarium keeping.  The exotic species are being introduced in the region without any regulation, subsequently turning invasive and threatening the indigenous fauna.  Thus, there is a need for developing scientific guidelines and regulatory mechanisms for importing exotic aquarium fishes.  On the other hand, the breeding and culture of indigenous fishes can be a profitable venture, provided there is an availability of a standardized breeding technology.  Such an enterprise will go a long way in conservation of native fishes, improving livelihoods as well as raising the socio-economic status of local communities.
In plain sight: Bacular and noseleaf morphology supports distinct specific status of Roundleaf Bats Hipposideros pomona Andersen, 1918 and Hipposideros gentilis Andersen, 1918 (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae)
Authors: Srinivasulu Bhargavi , Srinivasulu Chelmala
Published: July 2018

The taxonomic status of Andersen’s Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros pomona (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) and its relationship with the taxa assigned to it has been confusing.  Knud Andersen described H. pomona (based on specimens from southern India) and H. gentilis (based on specimens from Myanmar) in 1918. Subsequently, the latter taxon was included under the former as a subspecies.  Owing to disjunct distribution, it was speculated that these two taxa are distinct.  Discovery of the type material and additional vouchers of both taxa in the National Collection of Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata allowed detailed comparison.  Based on the morphological, craniodental and bacular characters, we establish the distinctness of these taxa.  A redescription of H. pomona Andersen, 1918 is provided.
The need of conservation laws coherent with communities for complete success
Authors: Ramanan S. Suresh , Upadhyay Lalit
Published: July 2018

N/A
Effects of Lipid‐Lowering and Antihypertensive Treatments in Addition to Healthy Lifestyles in Primary Prevention: An Analysis of the HOPE‐3 Trial
Authors: Dagenais Gilles R. , Jung Hyejung , Lonn Eva , Bogaty Peter M. , Dehghan Mahshid , Held Claes , Avezum Alvaro , Jansky Petr , Keltai Matyàs , Leiter Lawrence A. , Lopez‐Jaramillo Patricio , Toff William D. , Bosch Jackie , Yusuf Salim
Published: July 2018

Background

It is not clear whether the effects of lipid‐lowering or antihypertensive medications are influenced by adherence to healthy lifestyle factors. We assessed the effects of both drug interventions in subgroups by the number of healthy lifestyle factors in participants in the HOPE‐3 (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) trial.

Methods and Results

In this primary prevention trial, 4 healthy lifestyle factors (nonsmoking status, physical activity, optimal body weight, and healthy diet) were recorded in 12 521 participants who were at intermediate risk of cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) and were randomized to rosuvastatin, candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide, their combination, or matched placebos. Median follow‐up was 5.6 years. The outcome was a composite of
CVD
events. Adjusted hazard ratios (
HRs
) and 95% confidence intervals (
CIs
) were estimated using Cox regression models. Participants with ≥2 healthy lifestyle factors had a lower rate of
CVD
compared with those with fewer factors (
HR:
0.85; 95%
CI
, 0.73–1.00). Rosuvastatin reduced
CVD
events in participants with ≥2 healthy lifestyle factors (
HR:
0.74; 95%
CI
, 0.62–0.90) and in participants with <2 factors (
HR
: 0.79; 95%
CI
, 0.61–1.01). Consistent results were observed with combination therapy (≥2 factors:
HR
: 0.74; 95%
CI
, 0.57–0.97; <2 factors:
HR:
0.61; 95%
CI
, 0.43–0.88). Candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide tends to reduce
CVD
only in participants with <2 healthy lifestyle factors (
HR:
0.78; 95%
CI
, 0.61–1.00).

Conclusions

Healthy lifestyles are associated with lower
CVD
. Rosuvastatin alone and combined with candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide is beneficial regardless of healthy lifestyle status; however, the benefit of antihypertensive treatment appears to be limited to patients with less healthy lifestyles.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
00239681.
Differential Features of Culprit Intracranial Atherosclerotic Lesions: A Whole‐Brain Vessel Wall Imaging Study in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wu Fang , Ma Qingfeng , Song Haiqing , Guo Xiuhai , Diniz Marcio A. , Song Shlee S. , Gonzalez Nestor R. , Bi Xiaoming , Ji Xunming , Li Debiao , Yang Qi , Fan Zhaoyang ,   the WISP Investigators
Published: July 2018

Background

Intracranial atherosclerotic disease tends to affect multiple arterial segments. Using whole‐brain vessel wall imaging, we sought to study the differences in plaque features among various types of plaques in patients with a recent unilateral anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results

Sixty‐one patients with unilateral anterior circulation ischemic stroke were referred to undergo whole‐brain vessel wall imaging (before and after contrast) within 1 month of symptom onset for intracranial atherosclerotic disease evaluations. Each plaque was classified as a culprit, probably culprit, or nonculprit lesion, according to its likelihood of causing the stroke. The associations between plaque features (thickening pattern, plaque‐wall contrast ratio, high signal on T1‐weighted images, plaque contrast enhancement ratio, enhancement grade, and enhancement pattern) and culprit lesions were estimated using mixed multivariable logistic regression after adjustment for maximum wall thickness. In 52 patients without motion corruption in whole‐brain vessel wall imaging, a total of 178 intracranial plaques in the anterior circulation were identified, including 52 culprit lesions (29.2%), 51 probably culprit lesions (28.7%), and 75 nonculprit lesions (42.1%). High signal on T1‐weighted images (adjusted odds ratio, 9.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.9–44.1;
P
=0.006), grade 2 (enhancement ratio of plaque ≥ enhancement ratio of pituitary) contrast enhancement (adjusted odds ratio, 17.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.8–164.9;
P
=0.013), and type 2 (≥50% cross‐sectional wall involvement) enhancement pattern (adjusted odds ratio, 10.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.3–82.2;
P
=0.030) were independently associated with culprit lesions.

Conclusions

High signal on T1‐weighted images, grade 2 contrast enhancement, and type 2 enhancement pattern are associated with cerebrovascular ischemic events, which may provide valuable insights into risk stratification.
Parenthesis: Syntactic Integration or Orphanage? A Rejoinder to
Authors: Griffiths James , de Vries Mark
Published: July 2018

In Griffiths and De Vries 2013 (G&dV), we offer an argument in favor of treating appositive relative clauses (ARCs) as syntactically integrated into their hosts, an argument that revolves around the distribution of ARCs in clausal ellipsis environments. In a reply, Ott (2016) counters this specific argument, rejects the more general integration analysis adopted in G&dV on conceptual grounds, and contends that an orphanage analysis of ARCs provides a more parsimonious explanation for the data introduced there. In this rejoinder, we demonstrate that, while Ott presents some relevant data and provides welcome discussion, his specific counterargument does not withstand scrutiny. We also defend the integration approach to ARCs on conceptual and empirical grounds and examine the orphanage analysis of ARCs, arguing that such an approach has conceptual and empirical inadequacies that no integration approach exhibits.
The Enforceability Deficit Concerning Victims’ Remedies
Authors: Gallant Kenneth S.
Published: July 2018

Traditionally, states would not grant enforcement of criminal judgments from other states. As a result, there has been a large deficit in enforcement of monetary and other remedies for victims of criminal violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law. In recent decades, there has been some progress in national law and treaty law towards allowing or requiring transnational enforcement of victims’ remedies contained in foreign criminal judgments. This article examines the traditional law, modern progress concerning criminal remedies, and recent United Nations work in the area. Even with modern trends in the international law of criminal enforcement jurisdiction, it may turn out that civil judgments of restitution and reparation will be easier to obtain and enforce than criminal judgments in many, if not most, cases.
Tier 2 Capital Instruments under Basel III: A Sharīʿah Viewpoint
Authors: Mustafa Madaa Munjid , Sairally Beebee Salma , Muhammad Marjan
Published: July 2018

Basel III has redefined the criteria for regulatory capital instruments. Accordingly, Islamic banking institutions (IBIs) have to consider the issuance of instruments that would meet both the objectives of Basel III and Sharīʿah requirements. This research particularly aims to compare the regulatory requirements for issuing Tier-2 (T2) capital instruments as defined by Basel III, Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) and IFSB-15. In this regard, the research examines the Sharīʿah issues related to subordination and conversion arising in exchange-based contracts (such as murābaḥah and iǧārah ṣukūk) and equity-based contracts (such as muḍārabah and wakālah ṣukūk). The study relies on library research to collect secondary data in the form of classical works of Islamic jurisprudence, analyses such work and links it with the present day regulatory requirements. The study finds that there are Sharīʿah concerns over the use of exchange-based contracts. However, the use of convertible muḍārabah and wakālah ṣukūk could be justified.
Proliferation and Contributions of National Database Studies in Otolaryngology Literature Published in the United States: 2005-2016
Authors: Subbarayan Rahul S , Koester Lindsey , Villwock Mark R , Villwock Jennifer
Published: July 2018

Objective:

Health registries and discharge-level databases are powerful tools. Commonly used data sets include the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS); Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER); National Cancer Database (NCDB); and American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). This study investigated the frequency with which these resources are being used and categorized their contributions to literature.

Design:

A literature review from 2005 to 2016 for papers utilizing the aforementioned databases and publishing in The Laryngoscope, JAMA-Otolaryngology, Head and Neck, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology was conducted. Results were categorized based on the contribution(s) of the paper. The incidence rate of database publications was calculated for each year along with the 95% confidence intervals using a Poisson distribution.

Results:

Three hundred ten studies were identified. Seventy percent report descriptive findings, and 65% report outcomes/survival. Approximately 18% made clinical recommendations. In 2005, the incidence rate of database publications was 3 per 1000 journal publications (95% CI, 1-9) and remained relatively stable until 2008. From 2010 onward, there was a persistent increase in publications, culminating in the highest incidence rate in 2016 of 26 database publications per 1000 journal publications (95% CI, 20-32).

Conclusions:

There was a nearly 10-fold increase in database publications in 2016 compared to 2005. The majority provide descriptive data and outcomes measures. The role of these studies warrants further investigation.
Radiation-Associated Sarcoma of the Neck: Case Series and Systematic Review
Authors: Williams Lawrence , Tmanova Lyubov , Mydlarz Wojciech K. , Page Brandi , Richmon Jeremy D. , Quon Harry , Schmitt Nicole C.
Published: July 2018

Introduction:

Radiation-associated soft tissue sarcomas of the neck (RASN) constitute a rare and aggressive tumor type.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review at the authors’ institution revealed 3 patients with RASN. A systematic review of the literature was also conducted using MEDLINE, Ovid, the Cochrane Library, and Embase.

Results:

Patients within the authors’ institutional chart review presented from 6 to 26 years after neck radiation with neck masses. All patients underwent surgical resection with clear margins, and adjuvant radiation was offered when feasible. Patients had no evidence of disease at most recent follow-up. A total of 867 articles were screened for systematic review, revealing 9 articles detailing outcomes of RASN. Studies were small and heterogeneous, precluding pooled data. The importance of complete surgical extirpation was noted.

Conclusions:

Complete surgical resection appears to be the mainstay of therapy, but there are limited data on management and outcomes of patients with RASN.
Special (peace) operations: Optimizing SOF for UN missions
Authors: Breede H. Christian
Published: July 2018

Since the release of the 2015 United Nations Peacekeeping Missions Military Special Forces Manual, there has been surprisingly little scholarly attention devoted to it. Indeed, much of the recent literature on the topic of special operations forces (SOF) is descriptive, sensationalized, or simply boosting the image of SOF as the proverbial “easy button” for decision-makers. This article seeks to critically engage with the 2015 United Nations manual on SOF through the framework of specialized generalists, boundary spanning, and military autonomy. 1 This paper will then continue the argument that SOF has a role in peace operations, albeit a limited one. Finally, it will conclude with some recommendations for how these findings can inform Canada’s employment of SOF in the future. Indeed, given that Canada is a relative newcomer to the “global SOF network,” 2 such critical inquiry is warranted.
Experimental approach applied to practical classes on digital control systems: A contribution from model-based control theory
Authors: Serra Ginalber LO
Published: July 2018

In this paper, an experimental procedure used efficiently and successfully for teaching in practical classes of digital control course for undergraduate students who are attending the fifth year in Industrial Electrical Engineering at Federal Institute of Education, Sciences and Technology, in Brazil, is presented. The adopted methodology is characterized by the following steps: modeling of the dynamic system to be controlled from experimental data, model-based digital controller design according to pre-established performance specifications and implementation of the designed digital controller. The experiments are performed on a data acquisition platform, in real time, based on high performance virtual/electronics instrumentation, at Laboratory of Computational Intelligence Applied to Technology. Results from an experimental activity, developed by students in the digital control course, illustrate the main practical aspects that must be taken into account in design and implementation of real time digital PI/PID control.
Effect of heterogeneity at the fiber–matrix scale on predicted free-edge stresses for a [0°/90°]s laminated composite subjected to uniaxial tension
Authors: Ballard Michael Keith , Whitcomb John D
Published: July 2018

The effect of the free-edge on the interlaminar stresses that develop in a thin-ply [0°/90°]s laminated composite under uniaxial tension was explored using finite element models that directly modeled the random heterogeneous microstructure and a model that treated the plies as homogeneous, orthotropic materials. The deformed cross-sections were compared for the two cases, showing that the homogeneous model generally captured the displacement field well but the heterogenous model exhibited local perturbations due to the microstructure. The interlaminar normal stress distributions along the ply interfaces were very different for two models. The heterogeneous model exhibited a complex pattern of stresses that were sensitive to nearby fibers. A comparison of the interlaminar shear stress distributions for the two models showed better agreement, though the heterogeneous model greatly differed from the homogeneous model when fibers or matrix pockets were close to the ply interface. After separating the effect of the fibers and the free-edge effect, the stresses that develop due to the free-edge effect matched well between the two models, except very close to the free-edge. It was shown that the Poisson’s ratios of the fibers and matrix significantly affect the stress distributions along the ply interface, and a matrix Poisson’s ratio could be selected that reduces the effect of the microstructure on the interlaminar normal stress. The study highlighted that a full 3D analysis can provide new insights for classical problems, and more optimal design of composites will require consideration of microstructural effects.
Mechanical and low-velocity impact properties of epoxy-composite beams reinforced by MWCNTs
Authors: Ranjbar Mehdi , Feli Saeed
Published: July 2018

The effect of different weight percentages (wt.%) of MWCNTs includes 0, 0.17, 0.34 and 0.51% on the mechanical and low-velocity impact properties are presented on the example of the pure epoxy and epoxy/fiberglass composites beams. A sonication technique is used to disperse MWCNTs in the epoxy network and the nanocomposite beams are fabricated using hand lay-up technique. In tensile tests, the value of Young’s modulus, tensile strength and strain at break are reported. In the low-velocity impact tests on the MWCNTs/fiberglass/epoxy, the time-history response of contact force, displacement and velocity of the impactor and indentation and displacement of the beam are measured and presented. The results show that compared to pure epoxy, Young’s modulus and tensile strength of epoxy/MWCNTs are increased 21.98% and 58.32% at 0.34 wt.% of CNTs, respectively, and raised 1.05 and 1.17 times at 0.17 wt.% of CNTs for the epoxy/fiberglass/MWCNTs, respectively. It is observed that the excellent improvement in the impact properties is achieved for 0.34 wt.% of CNTs. A series of polynomial formulations as a function of wt.% of CNTs are proposed to calculate the Young’s modulus, peak contact force and maximum beam deflection at the impact position.
Constructing the Prussia-Myth in East Germany, 1945–61
Authors: Colla Marcus
Published: July 2018

In postwar East Germany, dealing with the history of Prussia was problematic. While ‘Prussianism’ or the ‘Spirit of Prussia’ was widely perceived as a central cause of Nazism, it also could not be ignored when developing ‘progressive’ narratives of German history. This article investigates the political, intellectual and symbolic construction of a ‘Prussia-myth’ in the early postwar years. In particular, it investigates how the ‘Prussia-myth’ was adapted to changing political conditions, the theoretical contradictions this engendered, and the manner in which historians and cultural figures dealt with these problems when educating the East German population at large.
Criminal Enforcement of Directors’ Occupational Crimes in Nigeria: Issues and Challenges
Authors: Akanmidu Oludara
Published: July 2018

The issue of enforcement has concerned economists, legal practitioners and criminologists over the years. Where criminal conduct is concerned, enforcement is often considered necessary to punish current offenders and deter prospective ones. Consequently, this article critically analyses criminal enforcement of directors’ occupational crimes in Nigeria. It seeks to discover the obstacles to effective use of criminal enforcement against directors in Nigeria. It argues that there are several generic- and country-specific problems which affect the criminal enforcement regime with regard to directors’ occupational crimes in Nigeria. Consequently, in respect of such crimes, criminal enforcement is unable to effectively deter or punish prospective and current offenders in Nigeria.
Arithmetic by Radio in Cleveland
Authors: Jones K. G.
Published: July 2018

In a carefully conducted experiment pupils of certain schools in Cleveland are tuning in on arithmetic. Good results have already been noted. The greatest advantage, in the view of the superintendent, is that the very best instruction can be shared by every classroom.
Progressive Classrooms
Authors: Safford A. L.
Published: July 2018

Held back in many instances by tradition, the processes of instruction are, on the whole, undergoing profound changes. More thought is given to the child and his natural aptitudes and needs. The gradually transforming scene is here pictured by a thoughtful observer who is also an active participant.
Make the School a Musical Centre
Authors: Fleck Henry T.
Published: July 2018

“Giving music its rightful recognition in the school curriculum involves scholastic rewards for music studies in the form of credits for graduation from high schools and colleges.”
Books in a Progressive School
Authors: McClusky F. D.
Published: July 2018

To broaden the pupil's reading experience and increase his love of books, is a worthy aim for every school
Menace of the Maladjusted Teacher
Authors: Patry Frederick L.
Published: July 2018

Here is matter for serious thought by teachers themselves and every one who cares for pupils' welfare.
A Reply to “Current English Usage”
Authors: Ball Francis K.
Published: July 2018

Widely quoted English Monograph is analyzed by this author, and found wanting in many particulars.
Education's Need of Research
Authors: Eginton Daniel P.
Published: July 2018

No longer can the school administrator rely upon guesswork. He must resort to scientific inquiry.
Beautifying the Schoolroom
Authors: Perry Raymond W.
Published: July 2018

Suggestions for creating an atmosphere from which the child may absorb refinement and beauty.
Breaking the Lockstep
Authors: Taplin W. L.
Published: July 2018

How a system of rural schools aids its pupils to progress according to their abilities.
Close-ups of Good Teaching
Authors: Clem Orlie M.
Published: July 2018

In this second article the author takes you on a little journey to two other Great Classrooms. Other such journeys will follow.
Personality can be Cultivated
Authors: Shippy Lina M.
Published: July 2018

This most elusive quality can be analyzed, studied and improved. The author charts the way.
Teaching a Retarded Group
Authors: Laird Louise
Published: July 2018

How a sense of failure was replaced by pride in achievement in a class of slow fourth-graders.
Students Draw up a Constitution
Authors: Noreen Mary
Published: July 2018

“Just as the people have a voice in the government of the nation, so pupils have a share in the government of the school.”
Child Guidance in Greenwich
Authors: Finch Hardy R.
Published: July 2018

“The classroom teacher is really the key person in the entire program of child guidance.”
Physical Education for Jane and John
Authors: Emery Donald B.
Published: July 2018

Does the old-time program, of sports plus calisthenics meet the physical needs of today's boys and girls? No, says Mr. Emery. In this article he outlines objectives for a really adequate course.

Mr. Emery is Chairman of the Division of Health and Physical Education at the Wayne, Nebraska, State Teachers College.
Evaluation and the Administrator: How Decisions are Made
Authors: Roser Nancy L.
Published: July 2018

The investigator describes how principals, supervisors, and central office personnel made decisions in public school reading programs. The study compares the actual decision-making processes with a theoretical model of rational decision making. Typical decisions for administering and supervising a school reading program were obtained from job descriptions and from literature in reading education. Test subjects identified their respective decisions. Through interviews, these administrators and supervisors described the processes by which their identified decisions had been made and compared the descriptions with a representative rational model of decision-making in order to determine how real life decision-making processes approximated a theoretical model. Regardless of staff position, there appeared to be no difference in group ability to identify respective administrative decisions. Analysis of the actual decision-making processes employed by administrators indicated an incomplete awareness of a rational decision-making prescription. Past experience and intuition, rather than attempts to identify alternative actions and to weigh these for relative merit, were the basis of the greatest number of decisions.
Children Have a Right to an Interesting School
Authors: Roberts Francis J.
Published: July 2018

Historically, the American school has been regarded as an essential vehicle by which the child can prepare for adult success. Despite substantial theoretical argument that childhood learning can both prepare children for later schooling and also be an interesting process in itself, the schools, led more often by “people-activists” rather than “scholar-activists,” have tended on the one hand to be uninteresting or on the other hand to lack depth and substance. The paper argues that every child has a right to an interesting school and goes on to propose that, in its best sense, an interesting school is a place which respects the child's interest in a learning process that is deep and filled with intellectual and emotional substance.
Teachers’ Attitudes toward the Education of Physically Handicapped Children: Implications for the Implementation of Massachusetts Chapter 7661
Authors: Wechsler Henry , Suarez Amorita C. , McFadrien Mary
Published: July 2018

A survey was conducted to determine the readiness of school teachers to implement Chapter 766 of the Acts of 1972 of the Massachusetts General Laws, which calls for the integration of handicapped children into the regular classroom. Questionnaires that explored teachers’ attitudes toward the education and emotion adjustment of physically handicapped children were administered to 639 teachers from all grade levels. Teachers in a Waltham, Massachusetts school system were asked to indicate how they felt other classmates would behave toward the physically handicapped child; how difficult the child's adjustment would be; how willing the teacher would be to have a physically handicapped child enrolled in his or her class and whether or not it would be a problem for the teacher; and the type of educational situation that would be best for the handicapped child. Results indicated that teachers viewed children with asthma or heart conditions, and children requiring crutches and braces, as more easily integrated into the regular classroom than children with visual and hearing problems, or children with histories of convulsions and seizures. Of all teachers, those with previous experience teaching physically handicapped children were the most optimistic about the integration of physically handicapped children into the regular classroom.
Chapter 766 and the Professional Educator
Authors: Fraser Robert G.
Published: July 2018

Chapter 766, Massachusetts’ new special education law, has far reaching implications for all professional educators. From the perspective of a teacher organization negotiator, many questions arise when this new statute and the regulations pertaining to it are considered in relation to the state's new collective bargaining law and existing collective bargaining agreements. Several elements of this law create new demands with respect to the regular classroom teacher's time and professional expertise. On the other hand, the regulations seem to establish a truly professional role for educators in determining the educational plan for a child with special needs. Several aspects of the regulations are bound to foster considerable controversy, especially insofar as the relationships between local school committees and Core Evaluation Teams are concerned. Finally, it is conceivable that Chapter 766 could become an important source of change for improving the education of all children in the Commonwealth.
Raising Intelligence Levels of the Mentally Retarded: An Overlooked Educo-Legal Implication
Authors: Throne John M.
Published: July 2018

Studies by investigators at the University of Iowa Child Welfare Station before World War II demonstrated that the intelligence levels of the mentally retarded could be raised, often up to and beyond normalcy (IQ 100). Yet, the implications were never seriously followed up on anything approaching a broad-gauged scale. The juridical climate now supports the position that, because the evidence is that all the retarded can learn under proper conditions, they are all entitled to public schooling. It is suggested that the public schools may soon be confronted with an even more far-reaching educo-legal thrust based on the kind of evidence first reported by the Iowa investigators; that is, the public schools have a responsibility not only to educate or train the retarded to achieve their retarded potentialities, but to increase those potentialities, i.e., raise their intelligence levels.
Some Historical Antecedents of Humanistic Education
Authors: Nash Paul
Published: July 2018

The author's thesis is that, in times of widening economic affluence, especially when accompanied by important technological advances in transportation and communication, there is a burgeoning of the human spirit. New possibilities are glimpsed. People tend to see themselves as potent, feel more self-confident, and become more concerned with freedom, equality, and human relationships. People seek to develop all their talents, whether socially rewarded or not. Vocational preparation becomes subordinate to personality and character development. There is a renewed respect for amateurism and the insights of generalists. Traditional boundaries are questioned. Interdisciplinary studies flourish. People are ready to encounter more risk and danger. More daring ideas and practices emerge. This is the climate, indeed these are the constituents, of humanistic education. The primary focus is on the formation of the whole person, including one's emotional and sensuous life, and on the assumption of responsibility for one's own destiny. These periods of human awakening and liberation have constitued a series of revolutions of rising self-expectations. As examples of these periods, the author looks at classical Greece; the Renaissance; the agricultural and industrial revolutions in England; the Romantic period; the revolutions in consciousness created by Marx, Freud, and the existentialists; and the post World War II period. Finally, he examines the present period and makes some projections about the future of humanistic education.
That's the ‘Same’, ‘Another’, ‘Funny’, ‘Awful’ Way of Saying It
Authors: Menyuk Paula
Published: July 2018

This paper presents evidence that meta-linguistic abilities are evident during the early periods of language development. We argue that children's abilities to detect, correct, and explain deviations from fully grammatical forms develop over time. Further, these abilities are evident in all linguistic domains, i.e., phonology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. We also explore the conditions under which these abilities may continue to develop or become suppressed. Finally, we suggest educational approaches which will enhance the continued development of these abilities.
First and Second Language Learning: Same or Different?
Authors: Macnamara John
Published: July 2018

The thesis of the following paper is that the process of learning a second language, if it produces successful results, is the same as that of learning a first language. The paper reviews various objections that have been raised against this thesis, and it discusses the considerable body of research which explores it. It examines the appropriateness of the research data for throwing light on the validity of the thesis. It concludes with some practical guidelines for language teachers drawn from observations of babies learning their mother tongue.
Community Participation: Present and Future Patterns
Authors: Fantini Mario D.
Published: July 2018

Community participation in the public schools has been a commonly accepted tenet in American education. In recent decades, social events have increased the attention given to community participation. Too often community participation has been projected as a generalized notion; however, in this paper the various forms of participation which have surfaced are delineated. These patterns are viewed from a client-centered to consumer-centered continuum.

The various forms of participation include public relations, instructional support, community service, crisis resolution, accountability and school governance, and litigation. Such expressions of participation are given past, present, and future status; the degree of controversy engendered by each will be considered as well.
Indian in Education: One Community's Experience
Authors: Peterson Kenneth
Published: July 2018

American Indians have historically been denied the opportunity to participate in policy-making in schools. Now because of belated recognition of tribe's rights to self-determination and because of an awareness of past failures, Indian people can have a voice in their children's education.

The original aim of institutionalized Indian education was to separate Indian children from their tribal past and encourage them to adopt the ways of white people. This was often done by sending children hundreds of miles away from their home and reservations to boarding schools. Termed assimilation, this policy has been judged a failure by educators, congressional committees, and Indians themselves. Today federal assistance programs require involvement by Indian parents and students both in reservation and urban schools. By exploiting these programs, Indian parents can change the type of education provided their children. A case study demonstrating possibilities of participation is the focus of this article.

Unfortunately special federal spending programs can and do end. Hence, Indian parents, while participating at the local level, must advocate the development of new permanent law guaranteeing their children the right to a bi-cultural education.
The Making of a Magnet School: A Personal Account of the Journey from Chaos to Quality
Authors: Marshall Kim
Published: July 2018

The Martin Luther King, Jr., Middle School in Boston's black community used to be plagued with a familiar litany of problems — violence, vandalism, high teacher turnover, and low expectations. Then a court-ordered busing plan made it into a magnet school, and it was forced to attract a racially mixed student body or go out of business. The King School staff responded by revamping the program and launching a series of aggressive recruiting drives. Three years later, the school is now almost filled to capacity and running smoothly. It exemplifies the kind of approach other city schools must take to meet the challenge of declining middle-class enrollment.
Diagnostic Fictions
Authors: Romanyshyn Robert D.
Published: July 2018

Beginning with a case in Part 1 of this article, I illustrate a key difference between the person who comes to therapy and the figure(s) who come for therapy. In Part 2, I describe some features of a literary approach that attend to this difference and animate diagnostic descriptions with images and stories found in literature. Using Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and drawing on my rereading of her tale, I demonstrate in Part 3 how the character of Victor Frankenstein and his story vividly personify and enrich the DSM category of narcissistic personality disorder. This approach does not reduce Victor Frankenstein and his story to the diagnosis; it magnifies the diagnostic category through the lens of his image and his story.
Shifts in religiosity across cohorts in Europe: A multilevel and multidimensional analysis based on the European Values Study
Authors: Molteni Francesco , Biolcati Ferruccio
Published: July 2018

Religious change continues to be a controversial topic that involves both theoretical and methodological issues. As to the European context, the main dispute is between secularization and individualization theory, especially considering the ‘believing without belonging’ thesis. This article will tackle this dispute given these three choices: firstly, we assume that cohort replacement is the main driver of religious change; secondly, religious tradition has to be taken fully into account to explain religious change; thirdly, we consider religiosity as a complex phenomenon that requires a multidimensional approach. Results from a multilevel multiple responses model based on EVS (European Values Study) data show that practice is declining across cohorts in all the countries whereas trends for belief and self-definition diverge only for Eastern Orthodox countries. Depending on the interpretation, such exception seems supporting rather than undermining the ‘believing without belonging’ theory.
Some basic questions about (a) decolonizing Africa(n)-centred psychology considered
Authors: Ratele Kopano , Cornell Josephine , Dlamini Sipho , Helman Rebecca , Malherbe Nick , Titi Neziswa
Published: July 2018

Conceptual disagreement remains rife with regard to African psychology with some scholars mistakenly equating it to, for example, ethnotheorizing and traditional healing, while others confound African psychology with Africanization and racialization. Using writing as inquiry, this article aims to clear up some of the conceptual confusion on African psychology while engaging with the issue of a decolonizing African psychology. Accordingly, questions such as ‘What is the main dispute between Africa(n)-centred psychology and Euro-American-centric psychology in Africa?’; ‘Does Africa(n)-centred psychology not homogenize Africans?’; ‘What can be gained from imbricating decolonizing perspectives and feminist Africa(n)-centred psychology?’; and ‘What would a decolonizing Africa(n)-centred community psychology look like?’ are pertinent in the clarification of the conceptual confusion. Arising from an inventive dialogical and collaborative method, the aim of this article is not only to illuminate some basic misunderstandings on (a) decolonizing African psychology but also to generate further dialogue on how to work towards African psychology as situated decolonizing practice and knowledge.
The Relationship Between Risk, Criminogenic Need, and Recidivism for Indigenous Justice-Involved Youth
Authors: Lockwood Ilana , Peterson-Badali Michele , Schmidt Fred
Published: July 2018

The risk–need–responsivity framework is widely used to guide the case management of justice-involved youth, but little research is available on its applicability to Indigenous populations. In the present study, we examined how standardized risk assessment, identification of criminogenic needs, and receipt of need-targeted programming related to recidivism in a sample of 70 Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth. The two groups did not differ on overall level of risk, number of needs, match to services, or recidivism rates. However, Indigenous youth were evaluated as higher risk in peer and leisure functioning, more likely to have needs related to education and leisure, and less likely to receive adequate peer-specific intervention. In both groups, risk assessment predicted recidivism, while match to services predicted days to reoffense. High rates of mental health issues and associated services were observed in both groups. Implications of these findings for research and practice with Indigenous youth are discussed.