bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Behavioral Labs in U.S. Business Schools
Authors: Burton Gene E.
Published: March 2007

The American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business and the European Foundation for Management Development have called on business schools to incorporate affective, noncognitive skills into the curriculum to help managers deal with the high-touch need. They have encouraged the use of behavioral labs as learning tools which can be used by management educators to meet this challenge. This preliminary inquiry finds that U.S. business schools have made little progress in incorporating behavioral lab experiences into their curricula. The inquiry also identifies some of the key lab problems being encountered and the methods being employed to deal with those problems.
A Role for Simulations in Public Policy Disputes: The Case of National Energy Policy
Authors: Dolin Eric Jay , Susskind Lawrence E.
Published: March 2007

Consensus-building techniques have been used successfully to resolve many public policy disputes. A major obstacle to consensus building, however, is the unwillingness of disputing parties to come to the negotiating table. A relatively new method of accomplishing this is to invite the parties to participate in a simulation of the conflict they want to resolve. Such simulations are designed to show that policy deadlocks can be overcome if the disputants change the way they negotiate. In November 1988, the MIT-Harvard Public Disputes Program, in association with the American Energy Assurance Council (AEAC), ran the National Energy Policy Simulation. This 23-hour crisis simulation brought together many of the stakeholders involved in the national energy policy debate in the United States. Partly as a result of the simulation, the parties agreed to sponsor afar reaching effort to forge a consensus on a national energy strategy for America. The energy policy experience is evidence that simulations can help bring disputing parties together to resolve their differences. The experience with this and related simulations provides key lessons for subsequent simulation design.
An Overview of a Simulation Program for English as a Second Language
Authors: Lu Mei-Yan
Published: March 2007

This article describes on-going program development in using simulation to teach ESL students workplace communication skills at San Jose State University. The program is currently written for the NeXT Computer platform.
ISAGA '91: An Unforgettable Experience
Authors: Nakamura Mieko
Published: March 2007

My previous experience with simulation and gaming was mostly with computers. However, at the 22nd Annual International Conference of ISA GA, July 1991, Kyoto, Japan, I experienced a different type of simulation and gaming, played by people. First I was surprise4 then gradually I became interested in how this method influences the players. I tried to participate in this type of simulation and gaming as much as possible and I learned that it was very effective in communicating with strangers and obtaining an in-depth understanding of one another. In this article, I want to share my experience at ISAGA '91.
Product Quality in Computerized Business Simulations
Authors: Thavikuiwat Precha
Published: March 2007

Quality is defined as the absence of defects. Models and procedures that address product quality in production, in a modeled market, and in a real market are presented For production, the proposed model makes defects an exponential fiction of a floor, a ceiling, a number of causes, a rate of reaction, and a and on variable. For a modeled market, the proposed model makes lost demand a constant multiple of each defective unit sold For a real market, the proposed caveat emptor procedure of giving no points to the purchase of defective products has two variants: informed and uninformed The all-or-none principle of inspection is considered, and a rule for applying it to the modeled market is developed. This rule may apply also to real-world problems.
Prejudice-Reduction Simulations: Social Cognition, Intergroup Theory, and Ethics
Authors: Williams Angie , Giles Howard
Published: March 2007

Taking a social psychological perspective, the capacity for prejudice-reduction simulations to change prejudicial attitudes is examined using theoretical insights from social cognition and intergroup literatures. Ethical issues are considered by drawing on small group research, and it is argued that, at present anyway, the risks to participants may well outweigh any presumed benefits of simulation.
Computerized Simulation in the Policy Course
Authors: Williams Edgar L.
Published: March 2007

Is there a difference between policy courses that use a computer simulated management game (HAVSIM) and those that do not use such a tool (NOSIM)? Survey results reported here suggest that there are factors that differentiate the two groups. The factors reviewed included demographic information, information regarding availability of computing resources, and information regarding reasons for use or nonuse of a computer simulation. On the265 responses received results of stepwise discriminant analysis suggested that there was no conclusive difference between the HAVSIM and NOSIM groups but that there was a difference between those who have never used a simulation and those who have stopped using a simulation.
Strategic Management Simulations: A Current Assessment
Authors: Keeffe Michael J. , Dyson David A. , Edwards Robert R.
Published: March 2007

This review is concerned with assessing the use and popularity of general management simulations in the strategic management course and arguments for using or not using simulations as a learning tool. Simulation use for teaching strategic management concepts has not changed substantially, and the rise of microcomputers has not had much of an impact on usage. Conversely, the games themselves and the method of administering games have changed, but the rationale for using or not using simulations has not changed.
A History of Business Teaching Games in English-Speaking and Post-Socialist Countries: The Origination and Diffusion of a Management Education and Development Technology
Authors: Wolfe Joseph
Published: March 2007

The modem business gaming movement came about through the fusion of developments in war games, operations research, computer technology, and education theory. Beginning with first applications in the late 1950s, the use of business games in the United States has now reached a mature stage. Within other English-speaking countries, many additional adoptions and applications are possible. Europe's post-Socialist nations possess a rich history of industrial gaming dating back to the early 1930s. The movement of these countries to market-based economies presents new opportunities for applying simulations and games for management education and development.
My Life with Simulation Gaming
Authors: Steinwachs Barbara
Published: March 2007

The author fondly remembers some of the highlights of her life coinciding with her work with simulation gaming over the past 25 years.
Modeling the Law of Demand in Business Simulators
Authors: Carvalho Gerard F.
Published: March 2007

A theoretical proof for the mathematical properties of the law of demand is presented. The properties differ significantly from the properties of demand functions commonly used in computerized business simulators. Using a probability distribution that has the mathematical properties required by the law of demand, a market demand model is presented. The new model satisfies economic and marketing theories of consumer behavior and offers considerably more simulation flexibility than possible with business simulators currently available. Suggestions for using the new model to simulate real industries are provided.
Reflections on My Involvement with Computerized Business Simulations
Authors: Biggs William D.
Published: March 2007

This article describes four major events that influenced the author's involvement with simulations. The events involve playing a game, working with a simulation pioneer; observing students playing games, and discovering other simulation users and researchers. The article describes these events and how they influenced the author's involvement with simulations.
The Early Days of Simulation & Games: A Personal Reflection
Authors: Stasz [Stoll] Clarice
Published: March 2007

This account describes the origination of Simulation & Games as an outgrowth of the Academic Games Project at Johns Hopkins University in the late 1960s. It identifies the key role of Michael Inbar in conceiving and implementing the journal as well as its early commitment to an interdisciplincary focus.
Remembering Don Ifill
Authors: Steinwachs Barbara
Published: March 2007

Several colleagues and I remember Don Ifill, his conversations with us, and his tireless efforts to use simulation/gaming to help people and organizations interface honestly with their issues.
The Minefield Exercise: "The Challenge" in Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Robinson Peter B.
Published: March 2007

Entrepreneurship education can take advantage of the dynamics within experiential activities to provide students with learning opportunities that transcend the acquisition of cognitive knowledge to include some of the anxiety, excitement, and intentionality associated with a new venture. The MINEFIELD exercise is an experiential learning activity that has been used to teach a wide variety of entrepreneurship students for nearly 10 years. The scenario, probable outcomes, and processing of the activity are discussed.
Teaching Strategic Management with a Business Game
Authors: Knotts Ulysses S. , Keys J. Bernard
Published: March 2007

The practice of teaching strategic management using management games is growing throughout the world. Games are used to assist in teaching students to integrate the functional areas of business and to provide a working knowledge of the strategic management process. Games also provide valuable experience in team skill development. Because more, not less, skill is required to teach a game-oriented course than to teach a lecture- or case-oriented strategy course, the tactics chosen by an instructor are critical to success.
The Balance of Power Game
Authors: Chapin Wesley D.
Published: March 2007

The BALANCE OF POWER GAME is a simulation that teaches participants about the nature of the international system of states. A key method of state interaction, both in theory and practice, has been the balance of power The simulation requires participants to represent and control countries. The main objective for each is to survive. Four or more countries of varying strengths form the international system. The participants must decide what course of action they will adopt for their respective countries: to engage in war, to negotiate international agreements, to form alliances, or to take some other course of action. The simulation helps students learn about the balance of power, the anarchy of the international system, the measurement of power, international law, and cooperation. The simulation is most effective when followed by a critical debriefing. The time required for the simulation is approximately 15 to 30 minutes, with another 20 to 45 minutes for debriefing.
Simulations as Examinations
Authors: Jones Ken
Published: March 2007

The simulation technique is widely used for formal assessment in industry and elsewhere. In the field of education, there is considerable scope for using simulations as part of the standard assessment procedure, both in national examinations and at classroom level.
Social Work Practice Research on Severe Mental Illness: Charting a Future
Authors: Hogarty Gerard E.
Published: March 2007

Social work practice with the mentally ill has traditionally relied upon an interdisciplinary- based, problem-solving approach. But as the medicalization of the mental health field evolved over the past three decades, a distancing from the behavioral sciences and a subsequent division within social work itself regarding practice definitions and goals of research appear to have occurred. A reexamination of contemporary social work research and the profession's practice mandate, together with a reconceptualization of findings from the behavioral sciences, suggests important and legitimate areas of social work inquiry into severe mental disorders. Criteria for identifying and implementing the basic content of a social work curriculum pertinent to the nature, treatment, and further study of chronic mental illness are offered.
Client Participation and the Effectiveness of Community Social Work Intervention
Authors: Itzhaky Haya , York Alan S.
Published: March 2007

Client participation is a central value of social work, and it is generally assumed that inter vention involving clients will be more effective than that in which they are not involved. This article presents a study in which this assumption was tested empirically by questioning 200 senior workers in Israeli community centers as to the techniques of client participation they used in their work and the outputs in their centers. The assumption that client participation leads to effectiveness, at least in community social work, seems to be supported and suggests that community center staff should be trained and motivated toward working with their clients.
Content Analysis in Design and Development
Authors: Reid William J. , Bailey-Dempsey Cynthia
Published: March 2007

This article presents a method of content analysis for use in the early stages of a social work developmental research undertaking. The method enables researchers to carry out a systematic but expeditious review of data from preliminary trials of an innovative practice model, to identify strengths and problems in the model, and to devise ways of improving it. The method was used in the development of an innovative case management approach to problems of school failure. Tape recordings of 17 case management meetings drawn from early trials of the approach were analyzed. In addition to demonstrating the utility of the method, the application illustrated its specific techniques, such as study of a priori and informative events as a means of identifying promising and problematic aspects of the innovation as well as the use of thought experiments to modify it.
A Historical Perspective on Evaluation Research
Authors: Polansky Norman A.
Published: March 2007

Editor's Note: Professor Polansky was a pioneer in promoting empirical research within the field of social work. The editor of our field's earliest research textbook [Polansky, N. (Ed.) (1960). Social work research. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press], Dr. Polansky's involvement as a student, practitioner, and researcher with some of the major figures of psychological and social work research renders his historical observations of particular interest to contemporary social workers. This essay was submitted at the invitation of the Editor.
Crime Victims Confront Their Offenders: The Impact of a Minneapolis Mediation Program
Authors: Umbreit Mark S.
Published: March 2007

Social workers are playing an increasingly active role in the emerging field of mediation. This article presents the findings of an evaluation of a victim offender mediation program. The study is based on a quasi-experimental design involving 516 interviews with 441 crime victims and juvenile offenders, including pre- and postmediation interviews and involving two comparison groups. The vast majority of victims and offenders experienced the mediation process and outcome (restitution agreement) as fair and were satisfied with the program. Significantly greater victim satisfaction and perception of fairness, as well as higher restitution completion rates by offenders, were found
The Effect of Supervising Nonprofessionals on the Role of the Community Worker
Authors: Itzhaky Haya
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this research was to examine potential differences between the roles of community social workers who supervise nonprofessional staff and those who do not supervise nonprofessionals. Although it was hypothesized that the social worker who supervises nonprofessionals would be freed for more professional roles and would spend less time on roles that do not require professional skill, such differences were not found. Both devote about 40% of their work to tasks that do not require professional skill. Some differences were found between the two groups in those role factors that require professional skill. The social workers who supervised nonprofessionals spent a greater proportion of their time in guidance and activation of neighborhood committees, whereas those who did not supervise nonprofessional staff devoted more time to complex and executive roles.
The Abuse and Neglect of Single-Case Designs
Authors: Mattaini Mark A.
Published: March 2007

Rubin and Knox argue that single-case designs are currently overemphasized in social work education and are of more limited value in practice than is commonly stated. These conclusions are based on confusions between research and practice, misunderstandings and misstatements of the relative utility of single-case and group designs for both, and neglect of the basic literature regarding single-case designs and visual analysis. In addition, the Rubin and Knox arguments appear to be based on overinterpretation of the results of a study of an ineffective intervention.
Assessing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children: Diagnostic and Measurement Strategies
Authors: Sauter Jennifer , Franklin Cynthia
Published: March 2007

This article summarizes contemporary diagnostic and measurement approaches for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children. A brief history of PTSD in children is pre sented, and current research concerning prevalence rates is briefly summarized. Diagnostic classifications used in assessing PTSD in children are further reviewed including the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood (Diagnostic Classifica tion : 0-3). Five standardized measures and one global assessment measure that have been used in screening and diagnosing children at risk for PTSD are examined in relationship to their psy chometric properties and clinical utility. Finally, the authors provide guidelines for which meas ures to use in social work practice and make suggestions for additional strategies andfurther de veloping assessment protocols in this area.
Clients Without a Cause: Is There a Legal Right to Effective Treatment?
Authors: Corcoran Kevin
Published: March 2007

This article considers the legal right to effective treatment. Such a cause of action is distinguish able from the estabhshed right to treatment because the standard of care ensured by the latter is so minimal Tort law of negligence, law of the fiduciary, and contract law were explored. The outcome suggests there is little legal basis for social work to assume a right to effective treatment.
Evaluating Interpretive Inquiry: Reviewing the Validity Debate and Opening the Dialogue
Authors: Angen Maureen Jane
Published: March 2007

Designing and carrying out effective and valid research are the desired goals of all researchers, and demonstrating the trustworthiness of one’s dissertation research is a requirement for all doctoral candidates. For qualitative researchers, reaching the desired goal and meeting the requirement of trustworthiness become particularly problematic due to the considerable debate about what it means to do valid research in the field of qualitative inquiry. This article reviews the various approaches to the validity problem in the hope of turning this debate into a dialogue. Validity is traced from its origins in the realist ontology and foundational epistemology of quantitative inquiry to its reformulations within the lifeworld ontology and non-foundationalism of interpretive human inquiry. Various recent qualitative approaches to validity are considered, and interpretive reconfigurations of validity are reviewed. Interpretive approaches to validity are synthesized as ethical and substantive procedures of validation.
Reflections on Validity and Epistemology in a Study of Working Relations between Deaf and Hearing Professionals
Authors: Young Alys M. , Ackerman Jennifer
Published: March 2007

In this article, a research study that examined the working relationships between Deaf and hearing professionals in health and educational services in the United Kingdom is addressed. These service providers worked in bilingual organizations where both British Sign Language and English were used and in which Deaf people’s identity as a cultural-linguistic minority was accepted. The focus of this article is on issues of validity and epistemology that arose for the Deaf and hearing research team in the course of this study. In particular, it examines the influence of identity attributions on the research process for researchers operating within a context of historical oppression, minority language use and legitimization of research knowledge, and challenges to the interpretative analysis used in the study that arose from the dynamics of majority-minority power relations in the wider social world.
Computer Programs that Assist in the Analysis of Qualitative Data: An Overview
Authors: Tesch Renata
Published: March 2007

Although no commercial software company has developed programs for the analysis of the social scientist's qualitative data, at least five such programs are currently available. They were created by scholars for their own research and then were packaged for use by others. This article first examines the main functions performed by these programs and then describes enhancements that let the user go beyond the basic collation of data segments according to themes or categories. A summary profile of each program is followed by a systematic comparison of the packages. Finally, a new type of program geared toward theory building is introduced, as are four packages currently being prepared for distribution. The article concludes with an assessment of the advantages and dangers of using computers as tools in the analysis of qualitative data.
Parents' Caring Practices with Schizophrenic Offspring
Authors: Chesla Catherine A.
Published: March 2007

Family caring practices were identified through the interpretation of parents' narratives about the experience of caring for a schizophrenic son or daughter. Parents were interviewed three times regarding stressful episodes and their attempts to cope. Half of the families were observed in the home for 25 hours each over a 3-month period. Transcripts of interviews and observational notes were interpreted using hermeneutic methods. Four distinct forms of caring practices were identified: (a) support of the schizophrenic's well-being despite shifting symptoms, (b) balancing the ill member's needs against the caregiver's needs, (c) adoption of scientifically prescribed care principles, and (d) delegation of direct care to another family member, thereby remaining personally uninvolved.
The Staff's Perception of a Skilled Nursing Facility
Authors: Hyman Ruth Bernstein , Bulkin Wilma , Woog Pierre C.
Published: March 2007

In various studies of nursing homes, questions arise as to what type of institution a nursing home really is. This study examined the meaning of a skilled nursing facility to its staff through interviews with 17 staff members and with 2 residents who were interviewed to further illumine the staff data. Thematic analysis resulted in eight themes: caring, death, food, professionalism, images of the institution, policy versus what actually happens, differentiation, and integration. The data illustrated the professionalism and caring ethic of the staff, who appeared torn between the wish to care and the need for efficiency and, at the same time, the lack of a caring ethos implicit in the staff's relative silence about death and dying and the competitiveness among disciplines.
Linking Qualitative and Quantitative Methods: Integrating Cultural Factors into Public Health
Authors: Carey James W.
Published: March 2007

In spite of social science studies documenting their importance, public health programs and policies too often do not adequately incorporate cultural factors. This article suggests that not enough effort has been made to make methodological linkages between qualitative methods used in most cultural studies and the quantitative approaches employed by epidemiologists and others coming from an empirical background. To bridge the gap between the two approaches, researchers should maintain a flexible and pragmatic perspective regarding selection and use of methods. Recent examples of qualitative-quantitative research investigating health and culture relationships are reviewed along with promising new methods, such as consensus analysis. These approaches should help researchers to more effectively study cultural factors in ways compatible with public health perspectives.
Narrative in Medicine: The Stories of Elite College Athletes' Career-Ending Injuries
Authors: Brock Stephen C. , Kleiber Douglas A.
Published: March 2007

A qualitative investigation of the illness experience of injured elite collegiate athletes illustrates the relevance of narrative to clinical practice. The article demonstrates a method for systematically assessing illness narratives and provides evidence that story patterns of clinical significance result. By adding a narrative approach to the biomedical one, it is argued, both the psyche and the pathophysiology of the sufferer can be the subjects of healing.
Falling through the Cracks: Social Service Concerns of Women Infected with HIV
Authors: Seals Brenda F. , Sowell Richard L. , Demi Alice S. , Moneyham Linda , Cohen Leland , Guillory Joyce
Published: March 2007

To describe the range of social service concerns of women infected with HIV, we recruited 46 women to participate in one of eight focus groups. Transcripts from the focus groups were coded and their content was analyzed. The eight identified issues included the following: negative consequences of applying for a service, eligibility and red tape, fear of using services, concerns when services were used, the limits of some services, problems keeping services and red tape, consequences of not having some services, and other concerns and desires. Social service professionals can improve the willingness of women infected with HIV to seek social services by addressing the sociopsychological and bureaucratic problems the women face.
MADDer than Hell
Authors: Marshall Mac , Oleson Alice
Published: March 2007

We explore the secular ritual process that Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) has produced to aid Americans who have had a loved one killed or maimed by a drunk driver. Our particular focus is on how MADD's victim services filled a cultural void and provided a means for people to manage and channel their grief and rage in psychologically healthy and socially constructive ways. The analysis is enriched by comparative ethnographic material on how people in other societies such as the Ilongot cope with such profound and unexpected personal losses.
Quitting: Smokers Relate their Experiences
Authors: Bott Marjorie J. , Cobb Ann Kuckelman , Scheibmeir Monica S. , O'Connell Kathleen A.
Published: March 2007

This qualitative study describes the experience of individuals who were attempting to quit smoking. Ten respondents participated in the semistructured interactive interviews. Five themes emerged from the data analysis: the intensity of the struggle, the personification of the cigarette, planning to quit, replacement of an old habit with a new habit, and perception of this quit experience as different from previous attempts. Particularly poignant were the participants' descriptions of the very real anguish they felt during their struggle to quit. Feelings of both elation and defeat were expressed over just getting through the day without a cigarette, or the failure to do so. Understanding the depth of the struggle, as well as the other components of the quit experience, should help health care professionals to be more empathetic and supportive to persons struggling to quit. It should also provide guidance in developing realistic strategies helpful to the quitting process.
Interpretive Interactionism: Denzin's Potential Contribution to Intervention and Outcomes Research
Authors: Mohr Wanda K.
Published: March 2007

Norman Denzin's interpretive interactionism research method is presented and its value as an addition to the researcher's tool kit for studying interventions and outcomes is discussed. Examining a narrative example from a recent study, the richness of this method for evaluation research is demonstrated. Crucial links between personal experiences, structures, and public policies can be made through the examination of experiences that are elicited as "thick description, " analyzed through "thick interpretation," and made meaningful by enfolding relevant contextual material.
From Meaning to Method
Authors: Manen Max van
Published: March 2007

This article explores aspects of the relation between language, meaning, and method in human science research. Phenomenology poses two distinct challenges: the thematic and the expressive dimensions of inquiry, which have implications for semantic and mantic, discursive and nondiscursive understanding. When we turn from thematic meaning to expressive meaning, then the question we ask turns from "What does the text speak about?" to "How does the text speak?" Bachelard, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, and Wittgenstein in different ways have employed the idea of mantic meaning to refer to that imagery of language that can bring about, in the reader, a phenomenological reverberation. The formative power of phenomenological texts lies precisely in this resonance that the word can effect. Research literature has focused primarily on the thematic aspects of human science method. Here, guiding principles of human science method will be explored that aim at strengthening the expressive-mantic dimension of phenomenology.
Creating Moral Space in Prenatal Genetic Services
Authors: Anderson Gwen
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this article is to explicate clear research methods for doing phenomenology and hermeneutics and state how they converge into narrative ethics. Phenomenology, hermeneutics, and narrative ethics are used to explore values and beliefs that influence decision-making practices of 12 expectant couples who were eligible for prenatal genetic testing due to advanced maternal age. Seven couples who accepted and 5 couple who declined testing volunteered for this study; women and spouses were interviewed separately. Three methods for analyzing 32 verbatim interviews were developed from Husserl's descriptive theory and Heidegger's interpretive theory. Excerpts from the findings show how each provides a layer of knowledge and how they converge into a larger conversation that informs practice. The research outcomes produced (a) descriptive narratives, (b) three conceptual thematic patterns of human responding, and (c) hermeneutic interpretive exemplars. Phenomenology, hermeneutic, and narrative ethics separately and collectively offer women and their partners a way to participate in defining moral, ethical, and social issues emanating from prenatal genetic technology.
Rationale and Standards for the Systematic Review of Qualitative Literature in Health Services Research
Authors: Popay Jennie , Rogers Anne , Williams Gareth
Published: March 2007

Despite growing recognition of the need for qualitative methods in health services research, there have been few attempts to define quality standards for assessing the results. This article acknowledges the desirability of a plurality of standards. However, it is argued that three interrelated criteria can be identified as the foundation of good qualitative health research: interpretation of subjective meaning, description of social context, and attention to lay knowledge. These criteria can be examined in relation to different dimensions of any research report, including theoretical basis, sampling strategy, scope of data collection, description of data collected, and concern with generalizability or typicality. But if the concern is with the appropriateness of care and with understanding the factors that shape lay and clinical behavior, then these criteria must form the basis of a hierarchy of qualitative research evidence.
Toward a Spiritual Pedagogy: Meaning, Practice, and Applications in Management Education
Authors: Harlos Karen P.
Published: March 2007

This article focuses on how spirituality can be used in management education by exploring its meaning, by encouraging educators to examine their own spiritual perspectives and practices, and by illustrating the value of spirituality as both an analytic tool and a course topic. Specifically, the author derives a common view of spirituality and then discusses how practicing spiritual values can influence pedagogical processes of teaching and learning. She also considers how spirituality can influence pedagogical content by teaching spirituality as a management topic using, among other teaching methods, a case based on a real-life organizational tragedy analyzed from a spiritual perspective.
The Personal Data Analysis Exercise
Authors: Bacon Donald R. , Stewart Kim A.
Published: March 2007

The topic of quality management is so expansive that it raises the issue of how to teach the subject in a way that students find engaging, meaningful, and useful. The Personal Data Analysis Exercise is designed to achieve these objectives by having students apply the quality management process to their everyday lives. In the exercise, students develop valued self-improvement goals that can be accomplished within the semester. They take actions to achieve the goals, collect data to monitor their progress, identify “defects” in their behaviors, and analyze their behaviors using quality tools to find new ways to eliminate the defects and accomplish the goals. The article explains the exercise and includes a teaching guide and instructional aids.
Creating and Selling Postcards: An Integrative Project Class
Authors: McArthur Angeline W. , Hudson Roger , Cook Gail Lynn , Spotts Harlan , Goldsmith Alan
Published: March 2007

Postcards was an innovate venture that brought together students and faculty from business and graphic arts to design, produce, and sell university postcards. In this experiential course, students learned and applied management skills and worked in cross-functionally integrated teams. More than 34,000 postcards were sold, resulting in a $1,700 profit. The students were overwhelmingly positive about the course and its learning opportunities. Suggestions for others who might teach a course like postcards include selecting a challenging project with clear-cut external validation of success or failure, designing early opportunities for team building and shared success, and providing sufficient instruction to allow students to succeed.
High-Performance Classrooms for Women? Applying a Relational Frame to Management/Organizational Behavior Courses
Authors: Buttner E. Holly
Published: March 2007

Recent empirical research has identified characteristics of high-performing organizations. In particular, these organizations pay close attention to the human resources practices and interpersonal dimensions of their cultures. Relational theory, developed based on women’s development, embraces dimensions associated with high-performing organizations. Attributes of relational practice include preventive connecting, mutual empowering, achieving, and creating team. The present article discusses the extent to which relational practice has applications in the management/
An Alternative Final Exam for Case Method Careers Courses
Authors: Kellogg Diane McKinney
Published: March 2007

One problem in careers courses that rely on the case method is that it is hard for many students to develop an understanding of how the concepts apply to them personally. This article describes an approach for solving at least part of the problem by using a final exam format that helps students both review course concepts and think about the implications for their own careers. The article includes background information on the course, a description of the actual exam, and a discussion of the benefits and potential pitfalls of the approach.
Learning through Emotion: An Approach for Integrating Student and Teacher Emotions into the Classroom
Authors: Lindsay Cindy
Published: March 2007

Learning through emotion is the use of emotions of the students and teacher as a basis for learning the meaning of organizational behavior principles. This approach assumes that the feelings that students and teachers have during the process of the course are useful data about their organizational reality. Thus emotions experienced in the class are used as a springboard for the analysis of behavioral principles and organizational life. Description and examples of the approach are provided. In addition, an underlying philosophy of teaching, relevant to the ethical use of this approach, is discussed.
Academic Conferences as Ceremonials: Opportunities for Organizational Integration and Socialization
Authors: Egri Carolyn P.
Published: March 2007

Academic conferences are cultural ceremonials that serve as occasions for professional learning as well as organizational and professional socialization. A cultural analysis of the different structures and processes of the annual conferences held by two academic organizations (the Academy of Management and the Organizational Behavior Teaching Society) illustrates the integral role that conferences play in the formation and affirmation of each organization's cultural values, beliefs, and practices. This comparison of academic ceremonials also identifies the presence of two alternative modes of organizational and professional socialization and explores their implications for each organization, the academic profession, and management education.
Stimulating Self-Directed Learning Through the Managerial Assessment and Development Course
Authors: Boyatzis Richard E.
Published: March 2007

To address common criticisms of MBA graduates, the Weatherhead School of Management developed a new curriculum including a required course called Mana- gerial Assessment and Development. During the course, students develop an assess- ment of strengths and weaknesses on 22 abilities, 11 knowledge areas, and 5 value themes. The assessment incorporates rigorously coded assessment exercises, self- assessment, and assessment from others (i.e., family, friends, coworkers, managers, etc.). In the context of a 12-person Executive Action Team, each student develops a personal Learning Plan to stimulate and guide development during the entire MBA program.
Student Diary Keeping: Tool for Instructional Improvement
Authors: McEvoy Glenn M.
Published: March 2007

There is little evidence that end-of-course evaluations of instructors by students result in any improvement in subsequent teaching. This may be because the feedback received is, on the whole, of poor quality. This article suggests that the process of diary keeping may help students deliver more useful performance feedback to instructors. Results of an experimental study in which some students used performance diaries and others did not are reported. Theoretical benefits of diary keeping are explored and practical problems are discussed.
Management Educators: In Danger of Becoming Pedestrians on the Information Superhighway
Authors: Bilimoria Diana
Published: March 2007

This essay uses the metaphor of pedestrians on the information superhighway to bring out the impending dangers of being a walker on a road intended for quick-moving traffic. Drawing on the metaphor, the author addresses three dangers as challenges to current practices of management education: (a) obsolescence: keeping pedagogy apace with new knowledge realities; (b) slowness: appropriately integrating new communication technologies into pedagogy; and (c) constrained choice: designing institutional arrangements to encourage pedagogical innovation.
A Teaching Life
Authors: Walck Christa L.
Published: March 2007

This article invites the reader to explore teaching as a life—a way of being and doing that constructs who we are. Passages from Annie Dillard's The Writing Life begin a meditation on the ideals and realities of teaching and suggest that a teaching life can be constructed as an artist's life, with its freedom to invent a task and select materials and its necessity to take risk.
Debriefing Experiential Learning Exercises: A Theoretical and Practical Guide for Success
Authors: Dennehy Robert F. , Sims Ronald R. , Collins Heather E.
Published: March 2007

To obtain optimum pay-off from an experiential exercise, close attention must be given to debriefing. The management educator must provide structure and ambiguity so that learners can personalize the learning-experiencing meaningfulness in its application-so that learning is truly relevant to the individual. An approach is presented to prompt participants to use new skills in the workplace based on a conceptual model for systematic and analytical debriefing, which is as rigorously planned as the experiential learning exercise itself.
Feedback: Multiple Purposes for Management Classrooms
Authors: Larsen Elizabeth
Published: March 2007

Four strategies are suggested for the multiple roles that faculty in management classrooms play in providing feedback information to students. These roles include producing feedback that informs students about the level and degree of their knowledge (personal feedback seeking) and providing a model of the workplace supervisor that students can take into professional life. The strategies use (a) topic knowledge, (b) awareness of the feedback process, (c) cognitive modeling, and (d) practice in feedback-seeking behavior. Classroom activities for increasing students' feedback awareness and developing feedback-seeking ability are included, as are topics for student review of the literature.
Communication Challenges for Management Faculty Involving Younger "Generation X" Students in their Classes
Authors: Payne Stephen L. , Holmes Barbara
Published: March 2007

The social accounts of 19 management faculty concerning communication challenges with younger undergraduate students are examined in this interpretive/critical/post structural qualitative inquiry. Key stakeholder groups to the educational process, young undergraduate students, and managers who have hired and supervised recent college graduates are also studied to determine their perceptions of generational communication challenges and their reactions to faculty views. The goal of this qualitative study is to encourage more critical awareness or reflexivity of management educators concerning their often taken-for-granted assumptions concerning students and classroom communication potentials.
Maintaining Control in the Classroom by Giving Up Control
Authors: Mallinger Mark
Published: March 2007

Although collaborative learning models are used by numerous faculty members, many instructors are concerned that giving up control in the classroom means com-promising the educational experience. Empowering students, however, requires more of the instructor than just relinquishing the role of lecturer. This article offers a set of frameworks to help faculty create a semiautonomous classroom and, at the same time, protect against loss of quality control. Cross-cultural implications of collaborative learning are all addressed.
The Environmental Round Table Role-Play Exercise: The Dynamics of Multistakeholder Decision-Making Processes
Authors: Egri Carolyn P.
Published: March 2007

The Environmental Round Table role-play simulation demonstrates the challenges of collaboration, consensus decision making, and group conflict in multistakeholder initiatives designed to resolve complex metaproblems in society.
The Large Introductory Class as an Exercise in Organization Design
Authors: Wagner John A. , van Dyne Linn
Published: March 2007

The large introductory class presents unique problems in the division and integration of classroom activities. These problems can be resolved in a number of ways. The authors develop a taxonomy of four such resolutions that differ from one another in terms of centralization of control and standardization of coordination. The authors also describe contingency factors (class size as well as the interests and demands of instructor, student, and institutional constituents) that influence the effectiveness of each alternative.
The Web as An Organizational Behavior Learning Medium
Authors: Bigelow John D.
Published: March 2007

This article explores the suitability of the current online medium as an organizational behavior (OB) learning environment. Six differences between classroom and online medium are identified, concerning (a) the ways people communicate, (b) team dynamics, (c) access to Internet, (d) suitability for self-managed learning, (e) class diversity, and (f) ease in using computer-assisted learning. The impact of these differences when moving typical OB learning activities from the classroom to an online medium is discussed. The article concludes that although some activities may be better conducted in a face-to-face environment, most carry over well to an online medium, and for some areas, online may well be the medium of choice.
Development of a Predictive Model for Postoperative Pulmonary Complications after Cholecystectomy
Authors: Brooks-Brunn Jo Ann
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop a model to predict the occurrence of a postoperative pulmonary complication (PPC) following cholecystectomy. Seventeen potential risk factors were extracted from the literature by identifying and ranking those most frequently referenced. The study included only those risk factors available to the nurse in the preoperative, intraoperative, and immediate postoperative setting. Three institutions were used for data collection, and data were collected by a retrospective chart review of 300 randomly chosen subjects from a population of 720. Of the 300 subjects, 37 were omitted due to exclusion criteria. A PPC was present in 54 of the remaining 263 subjects (20.5%). Of the original 17 risk factors, 10 were included in model development. The 54 subjects with a PPC and 54 subjects without a PPC (randomly chosen from the remaining 209) were used to determine which combination of risk factors best predicted subject classification (PPC or no PPC). The direct entry discriminant function that provided the highest percentage of correct classification (PPC, no PPC) consisted of five variables: sex, age, smoking history, duration of anesthesia, and nasogastric tube. The resulting equation correctly classified 75% of the cases.
Effectiveness of a Handwashing Program
Authors: Day Rene A. , Arnaud Sheri St. , Monsma Margery
Published: March 2007

A pilot study to develop and evaluate a program to teach 13 Grade I children with disabilities about handwashing was conducted at Glenrose School, which is located within Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital Children aged 6 to 8 years were taught how and when to wash their hands. Handwashing skills were evaluated before the teaching began, immediately following the teaching programn, and at 1, 3, and 5 months postteaching. The childrens' handwashing skills did improve, with the girls generally scoring higher than the boys on both washing techniques and times of washing on all the testing occasions. Although the children had fewer visits to the doctor, took fewer prescribed antibiotics, and had fewer infectious illnesses than they did for the same time period the previous year; other variables, in addition to the teaching program. may have contributed to the outcome. A revised handwashing program is now included in the Grade 1 curriculum.