bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal transcriptomics reveals pathogenesis of viral myocarditis
Authors: Mantri Madhav , Hinchman Meleana M. , McKellar David W. , Wang Michael F. Z. , Cross Shaun T. , Parker John S. L. , De Vlaminck Iwijn
Published: October 2022

A significant fraction of sudden death in children and young adults is due to viral myocarditis, an inflammatory disease of the heart. In this study, by using integrated single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, we created a high-resolution, spatially resolved transcriptome map of reovirus-induced myocarditis in neonatal mouse hearts. We assayed hearts collected at three timepoints after infection and studied the temporal, spatial and cellular heterogeneity of host–virus interactions. We further assayed the intestine, the primary site of reovirus infection, to establish a full chronology of molecular events that ultimately lead to myocarditis. We found that inflamed endothelial cells recruit cytotoxic T cells and undergo pyroptosis in the myocarditic tissue. Analyses of spatially restricted gene expression in myocarditic regions and the border zone identified immune-mediated cell-type-specific injury and stress responses. Overall, we observed a complex network of cellular phenotypes and spatially restricted cell–cell interactions associated with reovirus-induced myocarditis in neonatal mice.
Cellular fate and performance of group IV metal organic framework radioenhancers
Authors: Neuer Anna Lena , Jessernig Alexander , Gerken Lukas R. H. , Gogos Alexander , Starsich Fabian H. L. , Anthis Alexandre H. C. , Herrmann Inge K.
Published: October 2022

Metal organic framework enhanced radiation.
Targeted design of porous materials without strong, directional interactions
Authors: O’Shaughnessy Megan , Spackman Peter R. , Little Marc A. , Catalano Luca , James Alex , Day Graeme M. , Cooper Andrew I.
Published: October 2022

This paper crosses the area of computational chemistry, supramolecular chemistry and materials to develop new porous materials.
Ab initio molecular dynamics investigation of the co-adsorption of iodine species with CO and H2O in silver-exchanged chabazite
Authors: Ayadi Tarek , Lebègue Sébastien , Badawi Michael
Published: October 2022

In the field of nuclear energy, there is particular interest for the trapping of harmful iodine species (I2 and CH3I) that could be released during a nuclear accident, due to their dangereous impact on the human metabolic processes and on nature.
Main group metal polymerisation catalysts
Authors: Fazekas Eszter , Lowy Phoebe A. , Abdul Rahman Maisarah , Lykkeberg Anna , Zhou Yali , Chambenahalli Raju , Garden Jennifer A.
Published: October 2022

This tutorial review provides an outline of basic concepts, historical milestones and recent advances in main group metal catalysed olefin polymerisation and ring-opening (co)polymerisation reactions.
Simultaneously enhanced photocatalytic cleanup of Cr(vi) and tetracycline via a ZnIn2S4 nanoflake-decorated 24-faceted concave MIL-88B(Fe) polyhedron S-scheme system
Authors: Huang Qingling , Hu Jianqiang , Hu Yingfei , Liu Jianchao , He Jiale , Zhou Guobing , Hu Na , Yang Zhen , Zhang Yongcai , Zhou Yong , Zou Zhigang
Published: October 2022

A ZnIn2S4 nanoflake-decorated 24-faceted concave MIL-88B(Fe) polyhedron S-scheme system was perfectly created, manifesting simultaneously enhanced photocatalytic cleanup of Cr(vi) and tetracycline.
Kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L.) protein hydrolysates reduce intestinal inflammation by modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway
Authors: Martinez-Lopez Alicia , Rivero-Pino Fernando , Villanueva Alvaro , Toscano Rocio , Grao-Cruces Elena , Marquez-Paradas Elvira , Martin Maria E. , Montserrat-de la Paz Sergio , Millan-Linares Maria C.
Published: October 2022

Amaranthus caudatus hydrolysates are investigated as a valuable source of active peptides able to take part as functional ingredients in food and nutraceutical preparations to prevent intestinal inflammation.
A 2,7-dichlorofluorescein derivative to monitor microcalcifications
Authors: Tholen Patrik , Brown Connor N. , Keil Claudia , Bayir Ali , Zeng Hui-Hui , Haase Hajo , Thompson Richard B. , Lengyel Imre , Yücesan Gündoğ
Published: October 2022

Herein, we report the crystal structure of 2,7-dichlorofluorescein methyl ester (DCF-ME) and its fluorescence response to hydroxyapatite binding.
Drug delivery with a pH-sensitive star-like dextran-graft polyacrylamide copolymer
Authors: Grebinyk Anna , Prylutska Svitlana , Grebinyk Sergii , Ponomarenko Stanislav , Virych Pavlo , Chumachenko Vasyl , Kutsevol Nataliya , Prylutskyy Yuriy , Ritter Uwe , Frohme Marcus
Published: October 2022

The development of precision cancer medicine relies on novel formulation strategies for targeted drug delivery to increase the therapeutic outcome.
Piperazine-1,4-diol (PipzDiol): synthesis, stereodynamics and assembly of supramolecular hydrogen-bonded 2D networks
Authors: Lesnikov Vladislav K. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Sukhorukov Alexey Yu.
Published: October 2022

The manuscript describes a novel small building block, 1,4-piperazinediol (PipzDiol), which has an extended H-bond donor structure compared to piperazine.
Reduced alkaline earth metal (Ca, Sr) substituted LaCoO3 catalysts for succinic acid conversion
Authors: Rojas Mabel , Bernales Gabriel , Dongil Ana Belen , Pecchi Gina , Escalona Néstor
Published: October 2022

Surface distribution and particle size play a key role in the catalytic activity of substituted La1−xAxCoO3 (A = Ca/Sr, x = 0.2–0.4) perovskites.
Construction of polymer brush-decorated amphiphilic Janus graphene oxide nanosheets via a Pickering emulsion template for catalytic applications
Authors: Cui Donghui , Shi Bingfeng , Xia Zhinan , Zhu Wenjing , Lü Changli
Published: October 2022

2D amphiphilic Janus GO nanocatalysts were prepared using Pickering emulsions and grafted polymer brushes, with excellent performance in homogeneous and interfacial catalysis.
Promoting the effects of CuSO4 on N2 selectivity in selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia over Pt/TiO2 catalysts
Authors: Yu Yanke , Geng Mengqiao , Wei Desheng , He Chi
Published: October 2022

The NH3-SCO reaction mechanism over a Pt/TiO2 catalyst was transferred into the i-SCR mechanism after adding CuSO4, and thus the formation of N2 was promoted.
Application of a DIB/BBr3 protocol in metal-free aryl coupling reactions
Authors: Pan Liangkun , Lee Ka-Mei , Ke Zhihai , Yeung Ying-Yeung
Published: October 2022

Efficient and metal-free cross-coupling of arenes has been developed. Inexpensive hypervalent iodine reagents (HIRs) diacetoxyl iodobenzene and BBr3 were used to in situ generate a non-symmetrical HIR as the active species.
Mechano-thermochemical synthesis of rare-earth metal–organic frameworks with solvent-free coordination for visible and near-infrared emission
Authors: Liu Jiaqiang , Chen Yifu , Su Xin , Gong Junbo
Published: October 2022

A mechano-thermochemical method was proposed to prepare solvent-free rare-earth metal–organic frameworks with excellent fluorescence emission covering the whole region of visible and near-infrared light.
Effect of non-resonant background on the extraction of Raman signals from CARS spectra using deep neural networks
Authors: Junjuri Rajendhar , Saghi Ali , Lensu Lasse , Vartiainen Erik M.
Published: October 2022

Typical schematic of the CNN model architecture trained with CARS data generated from different non resonant backgrounds. The input is a CARS spectrum and the output is a Raman spectrum.
Water droplet behavior in between hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces and dust mitigation
Authors: Yilbas Bekir Sami , Abubakar Abba Abdulhamid , Adukwu Johnny Ebaika , Hassan Ghassan , Al-Qahtani Hussain , Al-Sharafi Abdullah , Unal Muhammet , Alzaydi Ammar
Published: October 2022

An innovative method is introduced for environmental dust mitigation from a hydrophobic surface by a sessile water droplet.
Low-voltage and fast-response polymer-stabilized blue-phase liquid crystals achieved using a new organosilicone monomer
Authors: Bo Shuhui , Chen Baohui , Zhu Dongping , Feng Shuai , Chen Zhuo
Published: October 2022

In this paper, polymer-stabilized blue-phase liquid crystals (PS-BPLCs) with novel monomer KH570 and common monomer C12A were designed and prepared. The former new PS-BPLCs showed the advantage of low voltage, fast response and suppressed hysteresis.
Cation-exchange and oxygen vacancies triggered capacity in hierarchical α-Ni1−xCuxMoO4@CC flexible electrodes for energy-storage applications
Authors: Hussain Sk. Khaja , Krishna B. N. Vamsi , Yu Jae Su
Published: October 2022

This study demonstrates the generation of oxygen vacancies in α-Ni1−xCuxMoO4@carbon cloth electrodes, which provides good electrochemical performance. The flexible hybrid supercapacitor exibits high energy density and good cycling performance.
Membrane-modified electrocatalysts for nitrate reduction to ammonia with high faradaic efficiency
Authors: Mondol Profulla , Panthi Dipak , Albarran Ayala Adan J. , Odoh Samuel O. , Barile Christopher J.
Published: October 2022

Cu electrodes modified with Nafion layers catalyze the reduction of nitrate to ammonia with up to 91% faradaic efficiency.
The effect of slurry pH on the chemical mechanical planarization of a carbon-doped Ge2Sb2Te5 phase change material
Authors: Zheng Jia , Fang Wencheng , Li Chengxing , Liu Weili , Song Sannian , Song Zhitang , Zhou Xilin
Published: October 2022

The investigation of the chemical effect of slurry pH on the CMP process of a C-GST film through electrochemical means reveals a conversion of polishing behavior from the cycling to mechanical mechanism as the pH level varies.
A new control for the pneumatic muscle bionic legged robot based on neural network
Authors: Xu Chaoyue , Qin Feifei , Zhou Kun , Wang Binrui , Jin Yinglian
Published: October 2022

The bionic joints composed of pneumatic muscles (PMs) can simulate the motion of biological joints. However, the PMs themselves have non‐linear characteristics such as hysteresis and creep, which make it difficult to achieve high‐precision trajectory tracking control of PM‐driven robots. In order to effectively suppress the adverse effects of non‐linearity on control performance and improve the dynamic performance of PM‐driven legged robot, this study designs a double closed‐loop control structure based on neural network. First, according to the motion model of the bionic joint, a mapping model between PM contraction force and joint torque is proposed. Second, a control strategy is designed for the inner loop of PM contraction force and the outer loop of bionic joint angle. In the inner control loop, a feedforward neuron Proportional‐Integral‐Derivative controller is designed based on the PM three‐element model. In the control outer loop, a sliding mode robust controller with local model approximation is designed by using the radial basis function neural network approximation capability. Finally, it is verified by simulation and physical experiments that the designed control strategy is suitable for humanoid motion control of antagonistic PM joints, and it can satisfy the requirements of reliability, flexibility, and bionics during human–robot collaboration.
A machine learning‐based approach for dielectric strength prediction of long air gaps with engineering configurations
Authors: Qiu Zhibin , Wu Zijian , Zhang Louxing , Song Yu , Liu Jianben
Published: October 2022

It is a long‐term goal in external insulation studies to determine the discharge voltages of complicated engineering gaps by simulation methods. Based on the one‐to‐one correspondence between air gap structure and the static electric field (EF) distribution, this paper characterizes the transmission tower gap configuration by spatial EF features, which were used for machine learning to achieve switching impulse discharge voltage prediction. An interelectrode path and a conical zone between the energized sub‐conductor and the crossarm or the tower window were considered as EF regions strongly associated with gap breakdown, where 73 parameters were extracted to construct a feature set. Taking 15 extra‐high voltage (EHV) transmission tower gaps as training samples, with different gap distances and tower configurations, their EF features were input to a support vector machine (SVM) for model training to establish the relationships with discharge voltages. The trained SVM model was used to predict the impulse discharge voltages of 20 EHV and ultra‐high voltage (UHV) transmission tower gaps. The prediction results with different feature dimensions and various sizes of conical zones were compared to the experimental values, which demonstrate similar variation trends and acceptable errors. This study contributes to realize insulation strength calculation of engineering gaps.
Stellar population of the Rosette Nebula and NGC 2244
Authors: Mužić K. , Almendros-Abad V. , Bouy H. , Kubiak K. , Peña Ramírez K. , Krone-Martins A. , Moitinho A. , Conceição M.
Published: October 2022

Context.Measurements of internal dynamics of young clusters and star-forming regions are crucial to fully understand the process of their formation. A basic prerequisite for this is a well-established and robust list of probable members.

Aims.In this work, we study the 2.8° ×2.6° region in the emblematic Rosette Nebula, centred in the young cluster NGC 2244, with the aim of constructing the most reliable candidate member list to date. Using the obtained catalogue, we can determine various structural and kinematic parameters, which can help to draw conclusions about the past and the future of the region.

Methods.We constructed a catalogue containing optical to mid-infrared photometry, as well as accurate positions and proper motions fromGaiaEDR3 for the sources in the field of the Rosette Nebula. We applied the probabilistic random forest algorithm to derive the membership probability for each source within our field of view. Based on the list of almost 3000 probable members, of which about a third are concentrated within the radius of 20′ from the centre of NGC 2244, we identified various clustered sources and stellar concentrations in the region, and estimated the average distance to the entire region at 1489 ± 37 pc, 1440 ± 32 pc to NGC 2244, and 1525 ± 36 pc to NGC 2237. The masses, extinction, and ages were derived by fitting the spectral energy distribution to the atmosphere and evolutionary models, and the internal dynamic was assessed via proper motions relative to the mean proper motion of NGC 2244.

Results.NGC 2244 is showing a clear expansion pattern, with an expansion velocity that increases with radius. Its initial mass function (IMF) is well represented by two power laws (dN/dM ∝ M−α), with slopesα = 1.05 ± 0.02 for the mass range 0.2–1.5M⊙andα = 2.3 ± 0.3 for the mass range 1.5–20M⊙, and it is in agreement with slopes detected in other star-forming regions. The mean age of the region, derived from the HR diagram, is ∼2 Myr. We find evidence for the difference in ages between NGC 2244 and the region associated with the molecular cloud, which appears slightly younger. The velocity dispersion of NGC 2244 is well above the virial velocity dispersion derived from the total mass (1000 ± 70M⊙) and half-mass radius (3.4 ± 0.2 pc). From the comparison to other clusters and to numerical simulations, we conclude that NGC 2244 may be unbound and that it possibly may have even formed in a super-virial state.
The detection of magnetic chemically peculiar stars using Gaia BP/RP spectra
Authors: Paunzen E. , Prišegen M.
Published: October 2022

Context. The magnetic chemically peculiar (mCP) stars of the upper main sequence are perfectly suited to studying the effects of rotation, diffusion, mass-loss, accretion, and pulsation in the presence of an organized stellar magnetic field. Therefore, many important models can only be tested with this star group.

Aims. In this case study we investigate the possibility of detecting the characteristic 520 nm flux depression of mCP stars using low-resolution BP/RP spectra of the Gaia mission. This would enable us to effectively search for these objects in the ever-increasing database.

Methods. We employed the tool of Δa photometry to trace the 520 nm flux depression for 1240 known mCP and 387 normal-type objects including binaries. To this end, we folded the filter curves with the BP/RP spectra and generated the well-established color-color diagram.

Results. It is clearly possible to distinguish mCP stars from normal-type objects. The detection rate is almost 95% for B- and A-type objects. It then drops for cooler-type stars, which is in line with models of the 520 nm flux depression.

Conclusions. The BP/RP spectra are clearly qualified to efficiently search for and detect mCP stars.
Intensive endoscopic resection for downstaging of polyp burden in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (J-FAPP Study III): a multicenter prospective interventional study
Authors: Ishikawa Hideki , Yamada Masayoshi , Sato Yasushi , Tanaka Shinji , Akiko Chino , Tajika Masahiro , Doyama Hisashi , Takayama Tetsuji , Ohda Yoshio , Horimatsu Takahiro , Sano Yasushi , Tanakaya Kohji , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Saida Yoshihisa , Ishida Hideyuki , Takeuchi Yoji , Kashida Hiroshi , Kiriyama Shinsuke , Hori Shinichiro , Lee Kyowon , Tashiro Jun , Kobayashi Nozomu , Nakajima Takeshi , Suzuki Sadao , Mutoh Michihiro ,   J-FAPP Study III Group
Published: October 2022

Background Total colectomy is the standard treatment for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Recently, an increasing number of young patients with FAP have requested the postponement of surgery or have refused to undergo surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intensive endoscopic removal for downstaging of polyp burden (IDP) in FAP.

Method A single-arm intervention study was conducted at 22 facilities. Participants were patients with FAP, aged ≥ 16 years, who had not undergone colectomy or who had undergone colectomy but had ≥ 10 cm of large intestine remaining. For IDP, colorectal polyps of ≥ 10 mm were removed, followed by polyps of ≥ 5 mm. The primary end point was the presence/absence of colectomy during a 5-year intervention period.

Results 222 patients were eligible, of whom 166 had not undergone colectomy, 46 had undergone subtotal colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis, and 10 had undergone partial resection of the large intestine. During the intervention period, five patients (2.3 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.74 %–5.18 %) underwent colectomy, and three patients died. Completion of the 5-year intervention period without colectomy was confirmed in 150 /166 patients who had not undergone colectomy (90.4 %, 95 %CI 84.8 %–94.4 %) and in 47 /56 patients who had previously undergone colectomy (83.9 %, 95 %CI 71.7 %–92.4 %).

Conclusion IDP in patients with mild-to-moderate FAP could have the potential to be a useful means of preventing colorectal cancer without implementing colectomy. However, if the IDP protocol was proposed during a much longer term, it may not preclude the possibility that a large proportion of colectomies may still need to be performed.
Epidemiology of the Injuries Sustained by Elite Spanish under-18 and
under-20 Rugby Players
Authors: Mencia Cristian Solis , Ramos-Álvarez Juan José , Veliz Rafael Ramos , Murias-Lozano Roberto , Aramberri Mikel , Saló José Carlos
Published: October 2022

This study examines the injuries suffered by players (n=166) of the
Spanish national men’s under-18 and under-20 rugby teams between 2015
and 2017, and identifies the actions involved in their occurrence. All injuries
(total n=78) sustained during matches and training were recorded as
recommended by World Rugby, and injury incidence rates per 1000 player-hours
(ph) calculated for both types of activity. Injuries occurred more commonly
during matches than during training (incidence 105.3 [95% CI:
78.7–131.9] per 1000 [ph] of match play, vs 1.16 [95% CI:
0.69–1.62] per 1000 ph of training), and most days absent per
1000 ph during matches with<3 days rest since the previous match
(4209.2 [95% CI: 3516.2–4902.1] per 1000 ph of match
play, vs 1947.4 [95% CI: 1511.8–2382.9] per 1000 ph of
match play in matches with>3 days rest). These results provide
information that may be useful in the development of strategies aimed at
reducing the incidence of injuries.
Transborylation-Enabled Boron Catalysis
Authors: Thomas Stephen P. , Bage Andrew D. , Nicholson Kieran , Hunt Thomas A. , Langer Thomas
Published: October 2022

This review highlights transborylation (controlled boron-boron exchange) and its applications as a turnover strategy in boron-catalysed methodologies. Catalytic applications of B–C, B–O, B–N, B–F, B–S, and B–Se transborylations are discussed in the context of transborylation-enabled catalysis, across a wide range of organic transformations including hydroboration, C–C bond formation, C–H borylation, chemoselective reduction, and asymmetric reduction.

1 Introduction

2 B–C Transborylation

3 B–O Transborylation

4 B–N Transborylation

5 B–F Transborylation

6 B–S Transborylation

7 Conclusion
CT-Guided Celiac Plexus Block and Neurolysis for Chronic Upper Abdominal Pain
Authors: Thabet Ashraf
Published: October 2022

Chronic visceral abdominal pain due to malignant and inflammatory conditions can be challenging to treat, requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Opiates are commonly employed in the palliation of chronic abdominal pain but are complicated by quality of life-limiting side effects such as nausea, vomiting, sedation, and constipation. Celiac plexus block and neurolysis (CPBN) are important tools in the multimodality approach to such pain, with documented improvement in pain scores and, importantly, reduction in opiate demands and improvement in quality of life. It targets the celiac relay station that mediates transmission of visceral nociceptive information from upper abdominal organs; distinguishing from somatic and neuropathic pain is important for clinical success. Key determinants of procedure success include patient selection, understanding relevant anatomy, how that anatomy is distorted by pathology, selection of location for block or neurolysis, as well as distribution and volume administered of injectate during the procedure. CPBN is a safe procedure associated with a low complication rate and may demonstrate better efficacy when used earlier in a patient's disease course.
Where Is the Vagina? A Rectal Stricture after a Presumed Cloacal Repair Turns Out to be the Mobilized Vagina and a Missed High Rectovaginal Fistula
Authors: Jacobs Shimon E. , Tiusaba Laura , Bokova Elizaveta , Al-Shamaileh Tamador , Russell Teresa L. , Varda Briony K. , Feng Christina , Badillo Andrea T. , Levitt Marc A.
Published: October 2022

We present a case of a rare complication in a 10-month-old female referred to our institution for an anal stricture after primary cloacal repair as an infant. Multimodal imaging, careful physical exam, and endoscopic evaluation revealed her vagina had been pulled through to the location of her anal sphincter muscle complex. We describe the correction of this problem, including identification of her rectum.
Prevalence of Social Phobia among Adults in a Selected Setting
Authors: Dsouza Riyana Lizal , Lobo Rohan , Saji Riya Treesa , David Ryan , Joseph Rose Mary , Dsilva Precilla
Published: October 2022

Social phobia is an irrational fear that is caused during certain social situations. It is a specific response of a person to a social situation that disturbs normal functioning. Social phobia is a very interesting topic and many researchers have conducted various studies on this in the recent years. Therefore, a descriptive study was planned with the objective to determine the prevalence of social phobia among adults. The findings of the study can be useful in identifying the severity of social phobia and in finding the association of it among adults with demographic variables. The study outcome revealed that 10.08% had severe social phobia.
Pattern of Rectal Cancer Recurrence Following Potentially Curative Surgical Treatment
Authors: Sevá-Pereira Gustavo , Oliveira Vitória de Souza , Ribeiro Gabriela Domingues Andrade , Tarabay Paula Buozzi , Rabello Marcello Imbrizzi , Oliveira-Filho Joaquim José de
Published: October 2022

Survival in rectal cancer has been related mainly to clinical and pathological staging. Recurrence is the most challenging issue when surgical treatment of rectal cancer is concerned. This study aims to establish a recurrence pattern for rectal adenocarcinoma submitted to surgical treatment between June 2003 and July 2021. After applying the exclusion criteria to 305 patients, 166 patients were analyzed. Global recurrence was found in 18.7% of them, while 7.8% have had local recurrence. Recurrences were diagnosed from 5 to 92 months after the surgical procedure, with a median of 32.5 months. Follow-up varied from 6 to 115 months. Recurrence, in literature, is usually between 3 and 35% in 5 years and shows a 5-year survival rate of only 5%. In around 50% of cases, recurrence is local, confined to the pelvis. This study was consonant with the literature in most aspects evaluated, although a high rate of local recurrence remains a challenge in seeking better surgical outcomes.
Safety and Efficacy of the Hilzo Esophageal Stent for the Management of Dysphagia in Malignant Esophageal Obstruction
Authors: Lagha Eamon , Mulholland Douglas , Tadros Catharine , Faris Mohamad , Sabharwal Tarun , Diamantopoulos Athanasios , Ahmed Irfan
Published: October 2022

A multi-institutional retrospective review in four oncology centers was performed during a 5-year period (2015–2020) identifying all patients who underwent placement of the Hilzo esophageal stent for the management of malignant esophageal obstruction. Patient notes, imaging, and reports of each procedure were reviewed for demographics, lesion, and tumor-specific characteristics. The primary outcome was an improvement in symptoms of dysphagia using the Mellow–Pinkas dysphagia score. Secondary outcomes were periprocedural mortality, 30-day mortality, tumor overgrowth/restenosis, stent migration, stent compression/failure-to-expand, worsening dysphagia of unidentified cause, and procedure-related complications. A total of 58 patients met the inclusion criteria for this study and were analyzed. The median follow-up was 151 days (range: 6–627). The median dysphagia score improved from 3 to 1. Improvement was noted on 90% of the cases reporting dysphagia data. The 30-day mortality rate was 16%. No major complications were noted related to the procedure (grade: 4–6). Minor complications (grade: 1–3) included chest pain/odynophagia/heartburn in 17 (29%) of patients which all settled with symptomatic management. Secondary outcomes were as follows: tumor overgrowth/restenosis, 13 (22%); stent migration, 9 (16%); stent compression/failure to expand, 3 (5%); and worsening dysphagia of unidentified cause, 4 (7%). The Hilzo stent performed in line with the performance of other esophageal stents on the market. Hilzo stent insertion improved dysphagia scores with no major complications reported.
KMA Entscheider-Blog: Laumanns Krankenhausplan besitzt Vorbildfunktion
Authors: Krohne Christian
Published: October 2022

Der Krankenhausplan von Nordrhein-Westfalens Gesundheitsminister Karl-Josef Laumann wurde von vielen Seiten überraschend positiv aufgenommen. Die Versorgung in Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) soll durch mutige Umstrukturierungsmaßnahmen deutlich verbessert werden.
CO2-Strategie In Krankenhäusern: Pläne für eine bessere Klimabilanz
Authors: Hohnstein Aileen
Published: October 2022

Bis 2045 soll Deutschland klimaneutral werden. Das heißt, auch das Gesundheitswesen muss dies als einer der großen Erzeuger von Treibhausgasen zu einem zentralen Thema machen. Dafür braucht es Strategien zur Reduzierung klimaschädlicher Gase. Wie kann das ins Klinikmanagement integriert werden und welche Hürden gibt es aktuell? kma stellt drei Kliniken vor, die bereits Strategien formuliert haben und umsetzen.
Pflegekammern: Wie sich die Pflege in Deutschland organisiert
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: October 2022

Derzeit gibt es eine Pflegekammer in Deutschland – in Rheinland-Pfalz. In NRW wird demnächst dazu gewählt. Zwei Kammern wurden 2021 abgewickelt, eine steht in den Startlöchern, nämlich in Baden-Württemberg. Im Saarland und in Bremen gibt es Arbeitskammern, die auch die Pflegenden vertreten. Die Profession Pflege beginnt, sich auch hierzulande zu organisieren.
DGIV KONGRESS 2022: Zwischenfazit und anstehende Aufgaben
Authors: Kloepfer Albrecht
Published: October 2022

Ein Jahr ist es her, dass die neue Ampelregierung einen „Neustart“ versprochen haben. SPD, FDP und Grüne legten einen ehrgeizigen Koalitionsvertrag vor und widmeten acht Seiten verschiedenen Ansätzen zur Verbesserung der deutschen Gesundheitspolitik.
Effect of COVID-19 on Orthopaedic Trauma Admissions and Operating in a London District General Hospital
Authors: Zahoor Ubaid , Malik Catherine , Raja Hassan , Ramaraju Sruthi , Sri-Ram Kesavan
Published: October 2022

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented orthopaedic departments around the world with unprecedented challenges across all aspects of health care service delivery. This study explores the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on trauma admissions and trauma theater utilization at a London District General Hospital.

Methods Data was collected retrospectively from electronic patient records for 4 weeks from the initiation of two lockdown periods beginning March 16, 2020 and December 23, 2020. Results were compared with a comparable time period in 2019. Patient age, date of admission, time of admission, date of operation, length of stay, length of operation, type of operation, and length of anesthesia were analyzed.

Results Fewer patients were admitted during the COVID-19 period for trauma (108 in 2019 vs. 65 in March 2020 and 77 in December 2020). In addition, there was a significant shift in patient demographics, with the mean age of patients being 55.6 years in 2019 and 64.1 years in March 2020 and December 2020 (p = 0.038). The most common mechanism of injury in both years was due to falls; however, the proportion of injuries due to falls fell from 75% in 2019 to 62% March 2020, but not significant change from pre-COVID baseline in December 2020 (77% falls). The duration of anesthesia was significantly longer in March 2020 (136 minutes) compared with in 2019 (83 minutes) (p < 0.00001). There was no statistically significant difference in operation length for each operation type, but there was an overall increase in median operation length of 13.6% in March 2020 from the previous year. Finally, although overall length of stay was roughly constant, the time between admission and operation was significantly reduced in March 2020 (1.22 vs. 4.74 days, p < 0.0000001).

Conclusion Orthopaedic trauma remains an essential service which has always had to overcome the challenges of capacity and resources in busy cities like London. Despite the reduction in trauma volume during the COVID-19 lockdown there have still been significant pressures on the health care system due to new challenges in the face of this new disease. By understanding the effects of the lifestyle restrictions brought about by the lockdown on trauma services as well as the impact of COVID-19 on service delivery measures such as length of surgery and stay, health care managers can plan for service delivery in the future as we attempt to return to nonemergency orthopaedic services and move lockdown restrictions are eased.
Branding in the eye of the storm: the impact of brand ethical behavior on brand commitment during the COVID-19 crisis in a South American country
Authors: Siqueira Junior Jose Ribamar , ter Horst Enrique , Molina German , Gunn Laura H. , Reinoso-Carvalho Felipe , Sezen Burcu , Peña-García Nathalie
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine how consumer perceptions of brand ethical behavior can affect their commitment to brands during turbulent times. A study of the effects of perceived ethical behavior of brands in Colombia during the initial months of the COVID-19 outbreak was conducted in May 2020 in Bogota, Colombia, to ascertain customer perception of brand ethical actions during the first 2 months of the COVID-19 outbreak. A Bayesian model was developed to assess the impact of brands' ethical behavior on brand recognition benefits, brand image, and brand commitment. The selection of the initial months of the outbreak for this project was important because the COVID-19 pandemic had the potential to augment consumer perception of brands' ethical actions at a pivotal moment in consumers' lives. Our findings demonstrate that customers expressed a positive perception of brands' ethical actions during the early months of the pandemic, which resulted in high commitment intention to these brands in the model examined. The findings highlight the critical nature of the perception of ethical behavior in the eyes of customers during a major global health crisis. More than ever, organizations must commit their brands to fully live out their publicly expressed ethical principles and continuously monitor consumer perceptions of brand attributes and behaviors associated with ethical actions regardless of market conditions. Commitment to living the brand's stated ethical principles can be demonstrated via branding activities in ways that can be especially welcomed by customers during turbulent times. The insights mentioned in this article are crucial for brands already present in South America or exploring expansion into these regions. The findings provide compelling evidence of the impact of ethical actions on consumer commitment to brands, suggesting that brands must now, more than ever, stay in touch with their customers and truthfully live the ethical values they transmit to customers.
Deep learning interprets measurements of micro damage
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: October 2022

Approach extracts the size and location of early-stage micro damages from nonlinear ultrasonic signals, information that could be used to prevent accidents involving planes and other industrial equipment.
Viscosity subsolutions of Hamilton–Jacobi equations and invariant sets of contact Hamilton systems
Authors: Shu Xiang , Yan Jun , Zhao Kai
Published: October 2022

This paper aims at providing a dynamic perspective of viscosity subsolutions to contact Hamiltonian–Jacobi equations H(x, ∂xu, u) = 0 on connected, closed manifold M. Based on implicit variational principles, we focus on the connection between positive invariant sets under Hamiltonian flow and viscosity subsolutions. We apply the connection to give a new necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of viscosity solutions of the stationary equation from the dynamical view. Finally, we discuss the multiplicity of viscosity solutions and give several illustrative examples.
Classical and quantum walks on paths associated with exceptional Krawtchouk polynomials
Authors: Miki Hiroshi , Tsujimoto Satoshi , Vinet Luc
Published: October 2022

Classical and quantum walks on some finite paths are introduced. It is shown that these walks have explicit solutions given in terms of exceptional Krawtchouk polynomials, and their properties are explored. In particular, fractional revival is shown to take place in the corresponding quantum walks.
Automatic feedback control by image processing for mixing solutions in a microfluidic device
Authors: García I. , Martínez L. A. , Zanini A. , Raith D. , Boedecker J. , Stingl M. G. , Lerner B. , Pérez M. S. , Mertelsmann R.
Published: October 2022

Two approaches of an automatic control were studied through mathematical fitting obtained from color mixing saturation curves in polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic devices: The integrative control with variable integral gain and integrative control with constant integral gain. The aim of this work is to control the color percentage decrement when dye is injected. The results indicate that microfluidic systems are very sensitive to changes in flow and the control variable needs to change slowly; that is, it must be small (at least 100 times less than the theoretically calculated values). The control and stabilization of the microfluidic system were achieved for dye percentages above 60%. The controlling color percentage could provide a tool to regulate other parameters’ concentration applied to cell culture and alkalinity control (pH) of solutions in microfluidic devices.
Terahertz topological photonic integrated circuits for 6G and beyond: A Perspective
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Gupta Manoj , Pitchappa Prakash , Wang Nan , Fujita Masayuki , Singh Ranjan
Published: October 2022

The development of terahertz integrated circuits is vital for realizing sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication, high-speed on-chip interconnects, high-resolution imaging, on-chip biosensors, and fingerprint chemical detection. Nonetheless, the existing terahertz on-chip devices suffer from reflection, and scattering losses at sharp bends or defects. Recently discovered topological phases of light endow the photonics devices with extraordinary properties, such as reflectionless propagation and robustness against impurities or defects, which is vital for terahertz integrated devices. Leveraging the robustness of topological edge states combined with a low-loss silicon platform is poised to offer a remarkable performance of the terahertz devices providing a breakthrough in the field of terahertz integrated circuits and high-speed interconnects. In this Perspective, we present a brief outlook of various terahertz functional devices enabled by a photonic topological insulator that will pave the path for augmentation of complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatible terahertz technologies, essential for accelerating the vision of 6G communication and beyond to enable ubiquitous connectivity and massive digital cloning of physical and biological worlds.
Diamagnetic coefficients and g-factors of InAs/InGaAlAs quantum dashes emitting at telecom wavelengths
Authors: Burakowski M. , Mrowiński P. , Gawełczyk M. , Reithmaier J. P. , Höfling S. , Sęk G.
Published: October 2022

Semiconductor nanostructures of various material systems are heavily researched for information processing applications as single-photon sources for communication and as a spin memory for storage. Here, exciton, electron, and hole properties in single InAs/InP asymmetric quantum dots (quantum dashes) emitting in a broad spectral range from 0.8 to above 1 eV are studied experimentally and theoretically. Experiments using magneto-microphotoluminescence allowed us to determine g-factor tensor components and diamagnetic coefficients. The growth-axis exciton g-factor is in a 0.0–2.9 range with a constant hole g-factor of 4.5 and variation governed by electron contribution. The in-plane g-factor is more stable with the size of the nanostructure exhibiting values of around −0.7 and −1.6 for holes and electrons, respectively. The diamagnetic coefficients are 13 and 5μeVT2 in the growth and in-plane directions, respectively. Simulations based on the eight-band k⋅p model qualitatively reproduce the key experimental features, including the vanishing of the inverse fine-structure splitting of bright exciton at around 3 T, making these structures prospective for the generation of entangled photons.
The PSR effect of matching network in 8/100 MHz geometrically symmetrical capacitively coupled Ar plasma
Authors: Liu Zhaohui , Yuan Qianghua , Yin Guiqin
Published: October 2022

The high-order harmonics caused by the self-excitation of nonlinear plasma series resonance (PSR) in a geometrically symmetric (8 + 100) MHz capacitively coupled argon plasma are studied by using a nonlinear global model. The voltage waveforms and current waveforms measured by oscilloscope between the two electrodes are used to observe the harmonics. The voltage waveforms are used as input parameters for the nonlinear global model to simulate harmonics of the sheath charges of low-frequency electrode, bias voltage, and plasma RF current. These discharged parameters considering coupling effect between these two frequencies and without considering coupling effect are compared in (8 + 100) MHz capacitively coupled plasma with the increasing low-frequency powers at a pressure of 30 mTorr. These results indicate that the theoretical discharge behavior without considering the coupling effect has big difference from the real experiment. The PSR effect of the matching network plays an important role in modulating the plasma homogeneity. Therefore, how to design a suitable matching network to enhance the PSR effect is more meaningful for the nonlinear dynamics of plasma.
Magnesium zinc oxide detectors for fast ultraviolet detection
Authors: Ščajev Patrik , Miasojedovas Saulius , Mazuronytė Martyna , Chang Liuwen , Chou Mitch M. C.
Published: October 2022

We explored a Mg-alloyed ZnO material (or MgZnO alloy) on a lattice-matched scandium aluminum magnesium oxide substrate for obtaining most effective photodetectors with highest (∼10 A/W) and fastest (up to 3 GHz) responses and two orders of magnitude UV/VIS rejection ratio. Device operation was related to its material electronic properties (carrier lifetime, diffusivity, and diffusion length) via photoluminescence and light-induced pump–probe techniques. Defect-related response is found suitable for sensitive logarithmic detectors, while exciton-related response is favorable to ultrafast linear UV solar blind detectors. Two-contact planar detector design allows their application in low-cost environmental detection systems.
Synthesis of two quasi-optical polarizers for the multi-frequency high-power millimeter wave system
Authors: Chen X. X. , He S. F. , Xia D. H. , Wang Z. J. , Pan Y.
Published: October 2022

Millimeter wave systems based on powerful gyrotron can deliver megawatt microwave power, which is an important auxiliary heating method for magnetic confinement fusion devices. Reflective gratings are normally used as quasi-optical polarizers for polarization control of the wave in such systems. Based on the coordinate transformation method, we developed a numerical code to study the broadband polarization strategy. By considering the synthesis of two polarizers, we designed a pair of polarizers in the W band. Calculation results indicated that almost arbitrary polarization can be achieved in a wide frequency range. To verify the design, we set up a low-power test platform and experiments were carried out. The performance of the polarizers was tested from 80 to 105 GHz with a step of 5 GHz. The test results agreed well with the numerical results, indicating that the design is reasonable. With the development of multi-frequency gyrotrons, the study in this paper can be used as a reference for the design of broadband polarizers of multi-frequency millimeter wave systems.
Effect of temperature on CO oxidation over Pt(111) in two-dimensional confinement
Authors: Tiwari Nidhi , Hariharan Seenivasan , Tiwari Ashwani K.
Published: October 2022

Confined catalysis between a two-dimensional (2D) cover and metal surfaces has provided a unique environment with enhanced activity compared to uncovered metal surfaces. Within this 2D confinement, weakened adsorption and lowered activation energies were observed using surface science experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Computationally, the role of electronic and mechanical factors responsible for the improved activity was deduced only from static DFT calculations. This demands a detailed investigation on the dynamics of reactions under 2D confinement, including temperature effects. In this work, we study CO oxidation on a 2D graphene covered Pt(111) surface at 90 and 593 K using DFT-based ab initio molecular dynamics simulations starting from the transition state configuration. We show that CO oxidation in the presence of a graphene cover is substantially enhanced (2.3 times) at 90 K. Our findings suggest that 2D confined spaces can be used to enhance the activity of chemical reactions, especially at low temperatures.
Magnetostatic microwaves in circular metallic waveguides filled with uniaxial negative permeability media
Authors: Moradi Afshin , Tokan Nurhan Türker
Published: October 2022

The quasi-magnetostatic (briefly, magnetostatic) microwave propagation in a long, circular cross section waveguide having a metallic wall that is filled with an anisotropic uniaxial magnetic medium (here, a metamaterial consisting of split-ring resonators) is studied. Such waves do not exist in the case of a hollow metallic waveguide or a metallic waveguide filled with an isotropic medium. Physically, the present magnetostatic waves owe their existence to the anisotropic property of the system, where in the absence of this property, these magnetostatic waves disappear. A theoretical analysis is carried out and characteristics of these magnetostatic microwaves in circular metallic waveguides filled with uniaxial negative permeability media are determined. The presented results include the dispersion relation of magnetostatic waves and their corresponding cutoff frequencies, group velocities, transverse modal field distributions, power flows, and stored energies.
Communication: Weakening the critical dynamical slowing down of models with SALR interactions
Authors: Zheng Mingyuan , Tarzia Marco , Charbonneau Patrick
Published: October 2022

In systems with frustration, the critical slowing down of the dynamics severely impedes the numerical study of phase transitions for even the simplest of lattice models. In order to help sidestep the gelation-like sluggishness, a clearer understanding of the underlying physics is needed. Here, we first obtain generic insight into that phenomenon by studying one-dimensional and Bethe lattice versions of a schematic frustrated model, the axial next-nearest neighbor Ising (ANNNI) model. Based on these findings, we formulate two cluster algorithms that speed up the simulations of the ANNNI model on a 2D square lattice. Although these schemes do not eliminate the critical slowing own, speed-ups of factors up to 40 are achieved in some regimes.
Supported or unsupported three-center two-electron bonds? A criterion based on Interference Energy Analysis
Authors: Sousa David Wilian Oliveira de , Nascimento Marco Antonio Chaer
Published: October 2022

The classification of three-center two-electron (3c2e) bonds into supported (closed) or unsupported (open) was proposed by Lipscomb in his work on boranes and extended to transition metal complexes by Bau and co-workers. The species in which the interactions of the terminal atoms are negligible are called “unsupported bonds.” Examples of chemical species that are said to exhibit such bonds are Li2H+, Na2H+, B2H7−, Al2(CH3)7−, and [(μ2-H)Cr2(CO)10]− although the general criterion for distinguishing these types of bonds is somewhat qualitative. Besides providing a unifying view of the nature of the chemical bond, in terms of quantum interference among electronic states, the Generalized Product Function Energy Partitioning method through the Interference Energy Analysis (IEA) is also potentially capable of providing a rigorous ground to the concept of supported bonds by looking at the specific interference energies between the orbital pairs associated with the bond. The IEA was performed in the species Li2H+, Na2H+, B2H7−, C2H7−, Al2H7−, and [(μ2-H)Cr2(CO)10]−, as well as along the reaction path Li2H+ → Li2+ + H. The results shown that in all studied A–B–C bonds, the A–C interactions are as important as the A–B/B–C ones, leading to the conclusion that all studied 3c2e bonds are “supported,” in the sense that the A–C interaction is not negligible. The particularity of those species in preferring linear geometry is completely explained by quasi-classical effects, more specifically, by minimization of the electron–electron and nucleus–nucleus repulsions.