bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Testing a proposed planarity tool for studying satellite systems
Authors: Pawlowski Marcel S. , Júlio Mariana P. , Kanehisa Kosuke Jamie , Müller Oliver
Published: January 2025

Context. The existence of planes of satellite galaxies has been identified as a long-standing challenge to ΛCDM cosmology because satellite systems in cosmological simulations that are as extremely flattened and as strongly kinematically correlated as the observed structures are rare.

Aims. We investigate a recently proposed new metric for measuring the overall degree of planarity of a satellite system that was used to claim consistency between the Milky Way satellite plane and ΛCDM.

Methods. We studied the behavior of the planarity metric under several features of anisotropy that are present in ΛCDM satellite systems but are not related to satellite planes. Specifically, we considered the impact of oblate or prolate distributions, the number of satellites, the clustering of satellites, and radial and asymmetric distributions (lopsidedness). We also investigated whether the metric is independent of the orientation of the studied satellite system.

Results. We find that all of these features of anisotropy lead to the metric to infer an increased degree of planarity, even though none of them has any direct relation to satellite planes. The metric is also highly sensitive to the orientation of the studied system (or chosen coordinate system): There is almost no correlation between the reported degrees of planarity of the metric for identical random systems rotated by 90°.

Conclusions. Our results demonstrate that the new proposed metric is not suited for measuring the overall planarity in satellite systems. Consequently, no consistency of the observed Milky Way satellite plane with ΛCDM can be inferred using this metric.
Global environmental challenges in livestock Farming: Solutions and sustainable development
Authors: Antonik Iryna , Danchuk Oleksii , Sadullaev S.
Published: January 2025

This article explores the key environmental challenges facing the livestock sector and examines potential solutions. Particular attention is given to sustainable practices, including reducing carbon emissions, optimizing resource use, implementing renewable energy technologies, and adopting eco-friendly innovations. The article highlights successful examples of applying innovative strategies to minimize the environmental impact of livestock farming, promoting sustainable development within the agricultural industry.
Distinctive Features of Assessing Opportunities to Enhance the Effectiveness of Ecotourism Businesses in Regions
Authors: Hudayberganov D. , Turayev O. , Raimboyeva M. , Bobojonova D. , Kuranbayeva D. , Ruzmetov Sh.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the efficiency of ecotourism enterprises, their importance, objective necessity, features and opportunities for improvement. Based on this, the study substantiates the need to improve the efficiency of ecotourism enterprises, taking into account the current conditions of various regions. The methods of implementation and factors of influence for establishing priority areas for assessing the efficiency of ecotourism enterprises are considered. Based on various definitions of ecotourism given by economists.
Study of Multi-Service Networks and Communication Systems Using Distributed Network Technology in Mountain Areas
Authors: Rustamova D. F. , Mehdiyeva A. M. , Mahmudova Z. A. , Abdullaev J. , Sapaev B.
Published: January 2025

It should be noted that the development of the digital economy directly depends on the introduction of advanced technologies: nanotechnology, biotechnology, complex energy systems technologies, quantum technologies, etc. At the same time, it is difficult to imagine the further development of corporate multiservice networks and communication systems without the widespread introduction of innovative technologies in a single information telecommunication infrastructure. The interaction of corporate multiservice networks and innovative technologies allows you to create a virtual transport network, with the help of which you manage transmitted useful and service packages and provide services. The FN concept involves the introduction of virtualization technologies, artificial intelligence methods and tools on a corporate network. The article analyzes the characteristics of corporate multiservice networks and communication systems using the technology of building distributed communication networks. The characteristics of corporate multiservice networks and communication systems using the technology of building distributed communication networks are analyzed and investigated, and a mathematical model of quality of service is proposed taking into account the management of information and network resources. It was found that the integrated performance indicators of multiservice corporate networks are largely determined by the reliability, information security and quality of service of IP / MPLS switching nodes and the IMS-Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem multimedia communication system using the signaling system and protocols for providing multimedia services and establishing session sessions. Thus, the results of QoS & QoE quality of service research and an analysis of numerical calculations of the probability and time characteristics of corporate multiservice networks based on the architectural concept of NGN and FN using the concept of SDN, NFV and IMS, requires the study of complex performance indicators of multiservice enterprise networks.
Application of WiMAX technology in difficult geographical conditions: Perspectives for mountain environment
Authors: Rustamova D. F. , Suleymanov N. M. , Gafarov G. A. , Bakhshaliyeva S. V. , Marasulov M. , Rizaeva Sh.
Published: January 2025

WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a telecommunications technology designed to provide universal wireless communication over long distances for a wide range of devices (from workstations and notebook computers to mobile phones). It is based on IEEE 802.16 standard called Wireless MAN. The name “WiMAX” was coined by the WiMAX Forum, which was established in June 2001 to promote and develop WiMAX technology. The forum describes WiMAX as “a standards- based technology that provides high-speed wireless network access as an alternative to leased lines and DSL.” WiMAX allows you to access the wireless Internet at high speed with a wider coverage than Wi-Fi networks. This allows the technology to be used as “backbones”, a continuation of traditional DSL and leased lines, as well as local networks. As a result, this approach makes it possible to create high-speed networks that expand across cities. In recent years, the development of network technologies has led to a significant expansion of the list of possible ways of connecting personal computers to the network and the types of connections to the global Internet. From a server to a pocket computer, almost any personal device that has enough computing power to process text and graphic information is equipped with one or another network interface, from a modem to WiMAX. This article examines the application of WiMAX technology in mountainous conditions, and analyzes the technical solutions used to create a continuous and high-quality connection despite topographical and environmental challenges. The advantages of wireless communication technologies are shown in mountainous areas where the population is small and the infrastructure is limited. The article presents strategies for configuring WiMAX networks, installing base stations, and expanding network coverage. As a result, WiMAX is proving to be an effective solution for meeting broadband communication needs in mountain environments.
Macrozoobenthos of the rivers of North-Eastern Azerbaijan
Authors: Aliyev Saleh , Ahmadova Konul , Suleymanov Suleyman , Abdurrahmanova Zemfira , Farzali Shabnam
Published: January 2025

Between 2020 and 2023, an in-depth analysis was conducted on the species composition of the macrozoobenthos in the Yalama River, including its tributaries Telchay, Mukhtadyrchay, Velmirchay, and Khuraychay, as well as other significant rivers in northeastern Azerbaijan. During this period, a total of 53 species of benthic organisms, representing 14 different taxonomic groups, were identified across the rivers studied. These findings provide important insights into the biodiversity and ecological health of the region's freshwater ecosystems. Among the various groups recorded, mollusks, dragonflies, crustaceans, and chironomid larvae were particularly prominent, both in terms of species richness and their ecological significance within the aquatic habitats. These groups are crucial for understanding the dynamics of the river systems, as they play key roles in nutrient cycling, sediment stability, and the food web. The diversity of these species also reflects the environmental conditions and the unique characteristics of the rivers in this region, which may be influenced by factors such as water quality, habitat variation, and seasonal changes.
Tourism Potential and Assessment of the Mount Bazarduzu
Authors: Mustafayeva Gulnisa , Allahverdiyeva Muslumat , Alizada Narmin , Urinbaev Sh.
Published: January 2025

Mountain tourism, one of the main tourism resources in the world, is developing rapidly. Despite the presence of many mountains worthy of evaluation in this field, the tourism sector is underdeveloped. Mount Bazarduzu, especially known for its 4466 meters high and outstanding appearance, is among the mountains with significant tourism potential in our country. However, despite this potential of Mount Bazarduzu, its underutilization is due to certain obstacles. When examining the reasons why the tourism potential of Mount Bazarduzu is not fully utilized, we encounter problems such as bureaucratic obstacles, insufficient promotion, lack of qualified personnel in this sector, lack of recognition as a destination, inadequate local and regional transportation infrastructure, lack of museums, limited accommodation options and lack of government incentives for tourism professionals. In addition, the lack of a comprehensive and unified marketing strategy, weak interest of the local population in tourism and insufficient promotion of the tourist resources of Mount Bazarduzu and its surroundings in the international tourism arena are serious problems. The purpose of this study is to draw attention to the tourist potential and possibilities of using the mountainous areas of our country, especially Mount Bazarduzu, in the context of geography and tourism, identify existing problems, prepare proposals for their solution and raise awareness on this topic.
Organizational and Economic Aspects of Mountain Tourism Management
Authors: Almasov Nahid , Orujov Elshen
Published: January 2025

Mountain tourism management involves a multifaceted approach that integrates organizational and economic factors to ensure sustainable development and growth. Organizational aspects focus on coordination and cooperation between various stakeholders, including government agencies, private enterprises and local communities. Effective governance structures, clear definition of roles and stakeholder collaboration are essential for resource management, preservation of cultural and environmental integrity and provision of a seamless tourism experience. It also includes training of professional personnel for work in the tourism sector in cooperation with educational institutions. On the economic side, key elements are revenue generation, investment and financing, which are vital for the development and maintenance of infrastructure and services. The sector also plays an important role in job creation and stimulation of the local economy. However, mountain tourism faces unique challenges such as seasonality, economic stability and profitability, which require strategic decisions on pricing and investment. Addressing these challenges requires innovative solutions such as public-private partnerships, community involvement and sustainable tourism models that reconcile economic benefits with environmental conservation. The article highlights the importance of integrating organizational and economic strategies to create a sustainable mountain tourism sector that maximizes benefits for all stakeholders while ensuring long-term sustainability.
The role of mountain culture in the development of tourism: The example of Azerbaijan
Authors: Jabarova T. M.
Published: January 2025

In this study, we focused on the role of mountain culture in tourism development using the case of Azerbaijan. We found that advances in information technology have led to innovations in the tourism sector. Faster dissemination of information and more accessible advertising on social media have contributed to the growth of tourism. We also identified opportunities for research and development in the field of mountain culture to further promote Azerbaijani tourism. In particular, we assessed the potential of mountain culture in the Shahdag winter tourism development model in northern Azerbaijan.
Inheritance of yield and fiber length in hybrids cotton of the first generation F1
Authors: Vozhehova Rayisa , Borovyk Vira , Ubaydullaev Jurabek
Published: January 2025

The patterns of inheritance and variability of economically valuable traits in cotton, manifestations of heterosis, as well as its preservation in hybrid populations with a high inheritance potential during intraspecific and genotypically distant hybridization were determined. Thus, in order to obtain heterosis hybrid combinations in Fl for the “fiber yield” trait, cotton varieties with the same or closele related indicators of this trait were involved in crossing (UF0800038 K 113 / UF0800040 K 111, UF0800038 K 113 /UF0800256 0212). Dominance of one of the parent forms according to the trait “fiber length” in F1 plants is manifested in hybrids that differ sharply in terms of indicators. An intermediate type of trait inheritance was observed in hybrids genotypically close and geographically distant in origin. When studying the variability and inheritance of the trait “fiber length” in parental varieties and their F1 hybrids, it was found that positive overdominance or positive heterosis for the fiber length trait was observed in hybrids with different genotypes and in geographically distant forms. Negative superdominance based on fiber length, i.e. negative heterosis, was found in hybrids with different genotypes and indicators, as well as in samples geographically distant in origin. In general, analyzing the fiber length inheritance data, it can be concluded that the F1 hybrid combinations mainly showed negative and positive overdominance. Therefore, it can be argued that the fiber length in F1 hybrids is mainly regulated by dominant genes.
Characteristics of cultivation and development of technical grape varieties on the terraces of the Black Sea region of Odessa
Authors: Ishchenko Iryna , Savchuk Yurii , Sapaev Ibrokhim
Published: January 2025

The article presents an analysis of long-term data obtained as a result of growing technical grape varieties under drip irrigation, such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Sangiovese Grosso and Merlot, on artificially created terraces in the coastal zone of the Black Sea. A characteristic feature of these plantations is the increased planting density according to the 1x1 m scheme, which is 10 thousand bushes per hectare. As a result of the conducted research and observations, it was established that, starting from the third year of full fruiting, excessive thickening of the crown of the bushes is observed, both as a result of powerful growth from wintering buds and as a result of the development of fattening shoots and side shoots, therefore, there is a need for pinching shoots in several stages. It has been established that with such placement it is difficult to combat the development of the main diseases of grapes, which leads to an increase in the cost of the grape protection system, however, the yield can be from 20 to 25 t/ha, while the average yield of plantings with traditional schemes is 7-12 t/ha.
Enhancing Infrastructure Competitiveness in Alignment With COP-29 Climate Goals
Authors: Mustafayeva Gulnisa Alisafa , Mammadova Samira Yashar , Balajayeva Tahmina Pasha
Published: January 2025

Climate change has put more pressure on infrastructure development worldwide, especially in terms of meeting various international commitments such as those dictated by COP-29. In this context, aligning infrastructure projects with climate goals without compromising competitiveness, or in other words, enhancing competitiveness, has become one of the most important challenges for all governments and industries worldwide. It formulates the inclusion of climate resilience and sustainability in infrastructure development while addressing competitiveness based on the COP-29 goals. The main point of the analysis is to identify and analyze the different ways in which infrastructure becomes climate resilient and at the same time contributes to economic growth, maintaining a competitive advantage in the global market. It uses a mixed-methods approach, combining case studies of successful infrastructure projects with a review of the supporting policy framework and technological innovations to support climate-aligned competitiveness. The results of this study show that, in addition to achieving climate goals, infrastructure projects with integrated sustainability practices deliver long- term economic benefits such as cost savings, improved public health, and increased investor confidence. The implication of these findings is that integrating climate considerations at all levels of infrastructure planning and implementation is essential for competitiveness in a world that is rapidly changing both economically and environmentally. It is therefore an essential requirement for environmental sustainability, as well as a strategic opportunity to enhance competitiveness. The article argues that policymakers and industry leaders, in collaboration with other stakeholders, must ensure that infrastructure projects contribute to both climate resilience and economic prosperity through a well-coordinated mechanism.
The major integration features of banking system
Authors: Mirhashimli Leyla , Hasanova Afag , Choriev A.
Published: January 2025

The internationalization of the banking sector in developing countries brings both significant benefits and challenges. Foreign banks promote competition, efficiency and financial inclusion, which accelerates the integration of local banking systems into the global economy. However, the arrival of large international players may increase risks and force local banks to make significant changes. Studies show that the influence of foreign banks is ambiguous and depends on the level of economic development of the country. When assessing the effects of globalization, it is important to consider the differences between developed and developing countries. In periods of economic crisis, foreign banks can play a stabilizing role, but they can also import shocks from their own countries. To maximize benefits and minimize risks, it is necessary to develop a strategy that ensures a balanced presence of foreign banks, supports competition and innovation, but does not allow excessive concentration of bank capital. In this context, the internationalization of financial services becomes an important tool for strengthening and liberalizing the financial systems of developing countries, opening new opportunities for their economic growth and sustainable development. Since the collapse of the Bretton Woods system and the beginning of the era of financial liberalization, one of the most important manifestations of the process of integration of the banking sector into the world economy has been the expansion of foreign banking capital into foreign markets. Financial sector liberalization is intended to provide equal opportunities for financial institutions to access the international market or reduce restrictions from local regulators. Liberalization of the banking industry is one of the most important financial sector liberalization programs.
Specific Influence of the Mountain Landscape on the Level of Intelligence, Worldview and National Character of the Mountain Peoples in the South Caucasus
Authors: Alizada Maleyka , Yarova Sevara
Published: January 2025

Today, against the backdrop of the rapidly growing globalization process, the study of ethnogenesis, lifestyle, mentality and worldview of the peoples of the world, as well as the establishment of their role in the development of human civilization has become extremely relevant. Scientific research conducted in recent years in the field of ethnography and ethnology have proven that among the many components involved in the formation and cultural development of the peoples of the world, the landscape of the area plays a special role and is of decisive importance. This article discusses this most important factor, which, using the example of the South Caucasus, predetermines the specificity of the highlanders in terms of their cultural and intellectual characteristics. In this regard, the article conducts relevant analyses that reveal the essence and significance of the natural and geographical components that form the specific appearance and way of thinking of the highlanders individually and the unique mentality of the ethnocultural community as a whole. In the conducted analyses, special attention is paid to those elements of the mountain environment that in various ways influence the psyche, views, passions, critical and creative thinking of the mountaineers. The article also reveals the subtle mechanism of the fusion of the soul of the mountaineer with his native nature and its components. The article also reveals the subtle mechanism of the fusion of the soul of the mountaineer with his native nature and its components. The identification of the unique features of the mountain peoples and the indication of the main reasons for this uniqueness are the leitmotif of this article.
Comparative Analysis of Psychophysiological and Health Indicators of Aged, Elderly and Long-Lived from Different Mountainous Districts of Azerbaijan
Authors: Karamova Natavan , Primkulova Sitora , Meyliyev Bakhtiyor
Published: January 2025

The presented article provides a comparative analysis of psychophysiological and health indicators of the aged, elderly and long- lived from different mountainous regions of Azerbaijan. Thus, Azerbaijan has historically been chosen as the land of centenarians and had the terrain in the center of attention. The influence of natural complex terrain on life expectancy is one of the most urgent problems in the scientific literature. The observational studies involved the aged (65-74 years old), the elderly (75-89 years old) and long-lived (90 years and older) from Kalbajar, Lachin and Zangilan districts, which are mountainous territories of Azerbaijan. The studies measured general anxiety, situational and individual anxiety, visual memory and attention, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate in 1 minute. In a comparative analysis of the results obtained, again, people living in mountainous areas maintain their health indicators due to strong adaptive processes that allow them to reach the age of longevity, the psychophysiological indicators of long-lived are within the normal range. Compared with the aged and the elderly, low and average levels of anxiety were revealed, visual memory and attention were higher than normal and higher health indicators. A comparative analysis of the results obtained showed that the physiological processes of the inhabitants of high-altitude areas were within the normal range. Kalbajar and Lachin districts are the most mountainous regions, while the Zangilan district is the middle and lower mountainous area. A comparison of the results obtained generally showed that the psychophysiological and health indicators of elderly in Zangilan district differ more sharply from the norm and increase the incidence of neuropsychiatric and somatic diseases.
Digital marketing in mountain tourism: Challenges of the new time and development priorities
Authors: Purhani Safar Hasan , Mamedova Sevda Binyat , Mukumova Dilrabo , Esanmurodova Nilufar
Published: January 2025

The tourism industry is increasingly playing a special role in the economy of countries, regions, cities and individual locations. It not only becomes a source of replenishment of territorial budgets directly, but also contributes to the development of small and medium-sized businesses, contributes to the creation of new jobs, influences the technological and digital transformation of territories. Modern conditions impose their own restrictions on the development of the industry and, at the same time, open up new opportunities for domestic tourism in Russia. The purpose of the study was to identify structural changes and trends in the development of the tourism industry in connection with demographic, socio-economic, epidemiological and foreign policy transformations. The author of the article updated the role of territorial marketing and presented proposals for its transformation taking into account the challenges of the new time. The main research methods are content analysis, evaluation of statistical information, spatio-temporal analysis. Based on an in-depth study of trends, new marketing tasks for territorial authorities and tourism market participants in the creation and promotion of destinations are substantiated. The territorial marketing tools proposed by the author, aimed at attracting tourists and developing the tourism industry as part of the territorial economy as a whole, take into account modern trends in the development of commercial marketing and are adapted to the conditions and capabilities of individual destinations. The issues of transformation of territorial labor and service markets in the context of the development of the tourism industry are covered. The key conclusion is the need to revise the conceptual approaches of locations to the issues of building territorial marketing and implementing marketing strategies. The author proposes measures, the implementation of which will make the socio-economic development of territories more sustainable and effective in a rapidly changing world.
Biochemical Diversity of Chenopodiaceae Species: Insights into Adaptation and Biodiversity
Authors: Orujova T. Y. , Gurbanova U. A.
Published: January 2025

The Chenopodiaceae family exhibits great biochemical diversity, which contributes to the successful adaptation of species to diverse and extreme conditions, such as arid, saline and high-temperature climates. The main mechanisms include the control of C4 photosynthesis, which improves water use efficiency and reduces photosynthesis under external conditions. The biochemical adaptation of Chenopodiaceae species provides insight into their ecological significance and potential use in biotechnology, especially for enhancing crop resilience to climate change. Understanding the biochemical diversity of Chenopadiaceae not only sheds light on their evolutionary success, but also provides strategies to address contemporary challenges in agriculture and conservation.
Fundamentals of the Development of Managerial Competence of Specialized Personnel
Authors: Ismailova Zukhra , Mustafoeva Durdona , Mamatalieva Mokhinur
Published: January 2025

The study of innovative processes in education, including their functions, development patterns, mechanisms, and implementation technologies, enables the organization of higher education institutions to meet global standards, drawing on the latest advancements in pedagogy and educational science. The author reviews recent scientific research and projects conducted in the country aimed at enhancing the mechanisms for organizing and managing the educational process. These efforts focus on introducing innovative education management based on democratic principles, as well as incorporating advanced pedagogical technologies into the continuous education system. Additionally, the author emphasizes the importance of aligning educational practices with global trends, ensuring quality and accessibility, and fostering a more dynamic, student-centered learning environment. By integrating these innovations, institutions can better respond to the evolving needs of society and the labor market, preparing students with the skills and knowledge necessary for success in the modern world.
Quality of Life Assessment in Primary Headache Patients with Headaches Related to Abuse Using Scales and Questionnaires
Authors: Saidvaliyev Farrukh , Rakhimova Shakhnozakhon
Published: January 2025

This study, conducted between 2022 and 2024 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, assessed 100 patients with abuse headaches (AH), split into two groups: those with migraine-induced AH and those with tension-type headache (TTH)-induced AH. Using standardized tools such as the VASH scale, HALT-90 index, LDQ scale, and McGill Pain Questionnaire, the study measured pain intensity, drug dependence, and functional impairment. Results revealed that migraine-induced AH caused more severe pain (VASH: 8.6±1.47) and greater productivity loss (HALT-90: 23.35±14.82) compared to TTH-induced AH. Women, especially of working age, were predominantly affected. Both groups showed moderate drug dependence, with higher levels in TTH patients. These findings highlight the need for integrated pain management strategies to reduce medication overuse and improve patient quality of life. Future research should explore lifestyle and psychosocial factors, with long-term studies needed to evaluate alternative treatment approaches for both migraine- and TTH-induced AH.
An Overview of Lithium-Ion Battery Safety: Existing Problems and Potential Solutions
Authors: Fu Wenduo , Sun Shiqi , Wang Bo
Published: January 2025

Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are extensively utilised in the energy sector owing to their superior performance. In this paper, thermal runaway (TR) is introduced as one of the safety dangers, analysed the mechanism and characteristics of it. This paper focuses on the optimization of Lib, which can reduce the TR caused by mechanical, electrical and TR. The study suggests improvements in three crucial areas: electrode materials, electrolytes, and separators, aiming to reduce the dangers of TR in LiBs. Through doping, coating, nanoparticle design, and metal atom replacement, electrode materials can be improved to increase cathode safety, LiF coatings on NCM811 cathodes are one prominent example. By adding chemicals like flame retardants and creating solid-state electrolytes, electrolyte optimization greatly increases battery safety. Furthermore, improving separator stability by applying ceramic coatings, high-temperature-resistant polymers, and surface modifications fortifies mechanical and thermal endurance, lowering the risk of TR and short circuits. When combined, these methods make the LiB system safer and more dependable.
Based on the form of new energy, the development prospect of supercapacitors in electric vehicles is discussed
Authors: Dong Kangcheng
Published: January 2025

With the increasing global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, new forms of energy have gradually become a key development direction in the energy sector. Electric vehicles, as an important application area of new energy technology, have their performance improvement and technological innovation as the focal points of industry attention. Supercapacitors, as an emerging energy storage device, have shown great potential in the field of electric vehicles due to their fast charging and discharging, high power density, and long cycle life. This article analyzes the development trend of electric vehicle technology under new energy forms and deeply explores the basic principles of supercapacitors and their specific applications in electric vehicles. Furthermore, this article looks forward to the development prospects of supercapacitors in electric vehicles, pointing out their enormous potential in improving electric vehicle performance and promoting efficient energy utilization. However, the development of supercapacitors also faces challenges such as high costs, limited energy density, and insufficient technological maturity. Addressing these issues, this paper puts forward suggestions such as strengthening technological research and development and optimizing joint usage strategies. The aim is to achieve positive interaction and collaborative development between supercapacitors and electric vehicles.
A Review of Research on Potential Solutions for Dendrite Growth in Solid State Cells
Authors: Liu Yang
Published: January 2025

The formation of lithium dendrites can lead to irreversible capacity loss and pose safety risks in lithium batteries. One proposed model suggests that when the current density is too high, a depletion layer of lithium ions forms near the anode, promoting dendrite growth. Lithium dendrites may puncture the membrane of the battery and reach the positive electrode, causing the battery to short circuit, causing the battery to overheat and possibly explode. This growth can result in short circuits in conventional lithium batteries. Several strategies can be employed to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites. These include coating the lithium metal surface with durable layers or alloy compounds, micro-modulating the solid-state electrolyte to reduce dendrite nucleation, and managing nano-cracks in the electrolyte. These approaches have shown promising results in enhancing the stability and cycling performance of lithium metal anodes. However, technological constraints still limit the widespread implementation of these strategies, and more advanced characterization techniques are needed to better understand and address the issue of dendrite growth in solid-state batteries.
Development trend of cathode materials commonly used in lithium batteries
Authors: Gongsebaimu
Published: January 2025

With the profound scientific and economic advances, people’s demand for electronic products is increasing daily. Lithium-ion batteries are broadly applied due to their significant advantages in weight, volume, and lifespan. The anode of a lithium-ion battery is the main component in the electronic reaction of lithium ions. The materials currently used for the anode of lithium-ion batteries are mainly LiFePO4, ternary lithium batteries, and LiMnO2. Sometimes lithium titanate and LiCoO2 are also used. Different anode materials share their benefits and drawbacks regarding various aspects such as energy density, cost, cycle life, safety, and environmental effects. Material modification or surface coating of the positive electrode of lithium-ion batteries is currently a popular solution, which also has a significant influence on changing the market share of different positive electrode lithium-ion materials. At last, this paper discusses the modification schemes for different types of lithium-ion batteries in the future by reviewing the literature.
Study on current climate change issues and response strategies
Authors: Li Jiayu , Tao Chongshuo , Zhang Yixian
Published: January 2025

Today, human activities are generating massive emissions of greenhouse gases, intensifying the issue of global climate change. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current situation, impacts, and response strategies related to climate change. It also discusses the influences of climate change on agricultural production, socio-economic systems, and human health. Global warming, primarily caused by human-induced greenhouse gas emissions, has intensified due to feedback effects. Frequent extreme weather events and significant changes in ecosystems have profoundly affected agricultural production, socio-economic systems, and human health. To tackle climate change, mitigation and adaptation approaches are suggested, including the development of clean energy, ecosystem conservation, technological innovation, and policy support. It emphasizes the importance of international cooperation and points out that enhancing public education and participation is key to addressing climate change. In the future, global attention to and research on climate change must be continuously strengthened, and response strategies need to be constantly improved. Nations should further increase their investments in clean energy development, ecosystem protection, and technological innovation, faithfully fulfil international cooperation agreements, and jointly work to slow down the pace of climate change.
The contribution of artificial meat in reducing carbon emission and mitigating climate change
Authors: Hu Qiongyue
Published: January 2025

The consumption of conventional livestock meat contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating climate change. As an alternative, artificial meat, or cultured meat, has emerged as a potential solution to reduce the environmental impact of meat production. In this paper, contribution of artificial meat in reducing carbon emission and mitigating climate change is analyzed. Comparison of the impact on carbon emission between artificial meat and conventional lifestock production system is conducted. The results indicated that artificial meat has advantage over natural meat. In terms of life cycle assessment in cultured meat, current LCA lack some practical data in commercial-scale, and the factor about transportation, usage, retail, and waste disposal should be included in the future assessment, which will give a more comprehensive and accurate assessment in whole life cycle of artificial meat production. In conclusion, while artificial meat holds promise for reducing carbon emissions and mitigating climate change, more research and development are needed to realize its full potential and address the associated challenges.
Comparative study of biosynthesis technology and traditional methods for organic solid waste
Authors: Wang Yuzhou
Published: January 2025

With the development of industrialization and trade, the amount of organic solid waste is increasing rapidly, which has a serious impact on the environment. Traditional methods of organic solid waste treatment method will have negative impacts during the process of the treating organic solid waste. The theme of the study is to find an efficient, environmentally friendly and economical organic solid waste treatment method. The best organic sold waste treatment method is determined by comparing landfill, incineration and biosynthesis technology in aspects of resource utilization, cost and environmental impact. Through research, in aspects of resource utilization and cost, biosynthesis technology has its own advantages and disadvantages compared with traditional landfill and incineration technologies. In aspects of environmental impact, biosynthesis technology has obvious advantages. This is not only because of the mild reaction conditions and no secondary pollutants of biosynthesis technology, but also because biosynthesis technology can improve the soil condition and reduce the emission of the greenhouse gas.
Research progress on platinum catalysts for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells
Authors: Chen Yifei
Published: January 2025

In recent years, China’s fuel cell technology and industry have developed rapidly. However, the high-cost problem caused by the extensive use of Pt-based catalysts remains one of the most important factors restricting its development. As an important component of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, platinum-based catalysts are crucial for promoting their application in this field. The development and research of Pt-based catalysts with higher catalytic efficiency are of great significance for promoting the development of fuel cell technology and industry. In this review, some feasible strategies for improving the performance of Pt-based catalysts were summarized based on reducing platinum usage. In addition, the methods and mechanisms of each strategy in enhancing catalytic activity and reducing the amount of platinum catalyst were discussed in detail. At the same time, the shortcomings and challenges faced by this type of catalyst were pointed out, and the future research and application of this type of catalyst were discussed.
Innovative Integration and Optimization of RE and Smart Energy Management Systems in Skyscrapers: Enhancing Sustainability and Energy Self-Sufficiency in Vertical Cities
Authors: Yan Bingzhuo
Published: January 2025

Skyscrapers have become a vital part of modern urban development, offering efficient space utilization in increasingly dense cities. However, their huge input of energy as well as environmental impact necessitate integration of RE with intelligent energy management systems. This paper reviews key strategies for incorporating renewable energy (RE) technologies such as solar, wind, geothermal, and hybrid systems into skyscrapers. It also explores the role of Smart Energy Management Systems (SEMS) in optimizing energy use through real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and automated control. Case studies like Masdar City and Shanghai Tower illustrate successful applications of these technologies. Despite challenges such as limited space, technological constraints, and high costs, emerging advancements in solid-state batteries, artificial intelligence, and Internet of Things (IoT)-based energy systems present significant opportunities. The review concludes that integrating RE and SEMS is critical for reducing the environmental impact of skyscrapers and creating more sustainable urban environments.
Advances in the catalytic conversion of CO2
Authors: Gu Xiyang
Published: January 2025

The catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) offers significant potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and producing valuable chemicals, driven by advancements in sustainable technology and environmental regulations. Current catalytic methods for CO2 conversion primarily include photocatalytic, thermocatalytic, and electrocatalytic processes, each using distinct energy sources—light, heat, and electricity. Among these, photocatalytic conversion stands out for its environmental friendliness, as it utilizes solar energy to reduce CO2 into useful products. However, challenges such as low photon absorption efficiency and catalyst degradation have limited its large-scale application. Recent research has focused on enhancing photocatalyst performance by introducing nanomaterials and multifunctional catalysts. Innovations, such as noble metal-doped semiconductors and two-dimensional materials like graphene, have shown promise in improving light absorption, electron transfer, and stability. This paper reviews the latest advancements, explores the advantages and limitations of each method, and suggests optimization directions for effective CO2 catalytic conversion, with an emphasis on achieving industrial viability.
Waste Heat Recovery and Energy Reutilization Technologies in Industrial Processes: Research on Improving Energy Efficiency and Reducing Emissions
Authors: Wang Yian
Published: January 2025

Industries are significant contributors to global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, making energy efficiency improvements essential. WHR offers a valuable solution by capturing and reusing heat that would otherwise be lost, thus enhancing energy efficiency and reducing environmental impacts. This paper explores the application of WHR technologies across various industries, including steel, cement, and petrochemicals, where waste heat accounts for a large portion of energy losses. Technologies such as heat exchangers, ORC, and TEGs are discussed for their roles in converting waste heat into usable energy forms, such as electricity or heat for industrial processes. The review also covers advancements in materials and hybrid systems to optimize efficiency, as well as the potential of WHR in stabilizing renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. The integration of WHR systems into smart grids is highlighted as a future trend for improving energy management.
Multifunctional integration of breakwaters: Taking ecological protection and restoration as an example
Authors: Xia Yuyang
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on breakwater design and development in coastal and ecosystem protection contexts. It investigates traditional breakwaters’ negative impacts on the marine ecosystem, like disrupting sediment transport and reducing water exchange, causing sediment accumulation and pollution. Current research deficiencies are identified, including a lack of long-term ecological impact studies, insufficient research on sustainable materials, and incomplete impact assessments on local communities and the economy. The review investigates breakwater-ecosystem integration in three aspects. For water exchange, it discusses culverts and permeable breakwaters, considering their effectiveness and factors like location and size. Eco-friendly materials like ecological concrete and its benefits for organisms and the environment are presented, along with other recycled materials’ economic advantages. The importance of providing biological habitats to increase biodiversity is also investigated. Case studies illustrate these concepts. However, current breakwater design and research have limitations. Future research should focus on ecological functions, compensation and restoration strategies, sustainable materials, and impact assessments. International cooperation should be enhanced for more effective breakwater design and sustainable coastal development.
A Review of Biomass Energy: Comparison of Utilization Methods and Future Prospects
Authors: Zhang Kai
Published: January 2025

Biomass refers to the biodegradable portion of products and residues from agriculture, forestry, and related industries, including municipal and industrial waste. It encompasses molecular and macromolecular compounds derived from plants and other organic sources. Biomass energy, considered sustainable and eco-friendly, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance energy security, contributing significantly to net-zero emission goals. Various methods for biomass utilization include thermochemical and biochemical conversions, as well as co-production. Thermochemical conversion methods like pyrolysis, gasification, and torrefaction transform biomass into fuels and chemicals, offering solutions for waste management and renewable energy. Biochemical methods, such as anaerobic digestion and fermentation, use biological processes to produce biogas and biofuels. Co-production, combining biomass with other energy sources (e.g., geothermal or coal), optimizes resource use and increases energy efficiency. While challenges remain, such as cost and technical barriers, biomass energy provides an effective, carbon-neutral path for reducing fossil fuel dependence. The paper highlights biomass energy’s diverse technologies and its importance in the sustainable development and future energy landscape.
Dranbleiben leicht gemacht – Post-Reha-Bewegungsprogramm „Bliib dra“
Authors: Signer Tabea
Published: January 2025

Viele Menschen machen in intensiven Neuroreha-Aufenthalten große Fortschritte. Aber wie gelingt es, das höhere Maß an Bewegung in den Alltag und die Routinen zu Hause zu integrieren? Hier will ein Bewegungsprogramm aus der Schweiz unterstützen. „Bliib dra“ oder hochdeutsch „Bleib dran“ war eine Idee, wurde zu einem Projekt, das mit Forschung begleitet wurde, und mündete in einem Arbeitsheft, dessen Einsatz die Klinik Valens implementierte.