bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of adhesive shear strength of universal adhesives for fixing ceramic braces
Authors: Nemer A.S.M. , Brago A. S. , Razumov N. M. , Adzhieva E. V. , Razumova S. N.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. At the present stage, the choice of high-quality adhesive material is an important task of dentistry. The choice of the ideal adhesive material remains an urgent task to this day.

The aim of the study was to study in laboratory conditions the adhesive shear strength for fixing ceramic braces of a universal adhesive system containing 3D-SR monomer (Universal Bond II (Tokuyama Dental)) and adhesive cement ESTECEM II PLUS (Tokuyama Dental) before and after thermal cycling, with and without the use of varnish.

Materials and methods. For the preparation of samples, removed teeth without carious lesions and large fillings were used. Samples of 60 teeth were divided into 2 groups (n=30) with and without varnish. In each group, the adhesive shear strength was studied before and after thermal cycling (n=15). The following materials were used: two-component self-curing dental adhesive system Universal Bond II (Tokuyama Dental), varnish SHIELD FORCE PLUS (Tokuyama Dental), adhesive fixing cement double curing ESTECEM II PLUS (Tokuyama Dental). Tests of the adhesive shear strength of the prepared samples were carried out on a universal testing machine «SYNTHEZ 5» at a traverse speed of 5 mm/min according to the methodology of GOST R 56924-2016 (р. 7.15).

Results. The adhesive strength index of the control group (before thermal cycling) was 4.33±1.28 MPa, in the main subgroup (after thermal cycling) 3.48±0.81 MPa. The presence of varnish on the enamel surface did not affect the adhesive strength of the bonding of the bracket system and tooth tissue and amounted to 4.50±0.25 MPa and 3.14±0.82 MPa, respectively (p= 0.0005).

Conclusions. The presence of varnish on the enamel surface did not affect the adhesive strength of the connection of the bracket systems with tooth tissues in the control (before thermal cycling) and the main (after thermal cycling) subgroups (p≤ 0.05). The adhesive strength index in the control subgroups (before thermal cycling) and the main ones (after thermal cycling) of both groups differed slightly. Thermal cycling reduces the adhesive strength of braces with tooth tissues when using universal adhesive Universal Bond II (Tokuyama Dental) (p≤ 0.05).
Treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis on the background of vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Baksheeva S. L. , Yusupov R. D. , Yamurkova N. F. , Put V. A. , Parfenova T. M. , Maygurov A. A. , Choniashvili M. Z. , Taimazova D. T.
Published: January 2024

Lack of response to the treatment of periodontal disease depends on systemic disturbances, one of which is vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is an absolute risk factor for osteopenia and osteoporosis for adult and aged patients. The analysis of clinical and laboratory studies results revealed a positive dynamic of the treatment given. The obtained data prove the necessity of vitamin D status correction in the combined treatment of the periodontal profile patients.
The possibilities of additive technologies for targeted tissue regeneration and implantation in a patient with a mandibular defect. A clinical case
Authors: Put V. A. , Dolgalev A. A. , Usatov D. A. , Gladyshev M. V. , Basin E. M. , Polshina V. I. , Semerikov mitry rievich D. Y. , Choniashvili D. Z.
Published: January 2024

After injury or removal of neoplasms, bone, soft tissue scar defects and deformities are formed. Methods of reconstructive bone surgery do not reliably allow to restore defects in full. The main problem is constriction, subsequent atrophy and deformation of soft tissues in the defect area. Dental implant-prosthetic rehabilitation in the area of significant bone defects requires the use of design and prototyping of the final result using computer programs and diagnostic models. The clinical experience of using an individual temporary endoprosthesis, a «tissue expander» made by layer-by-layer synthesis (3D printing) of biologically inert plastic according to CT data of the patient is presented. The expander is made in the form of a 3D element for the formation of the necessary volume of soft tissues in the patient for a period of 2–4 months, fixed under the periosteum, in the area of the lateral defect of the lower jaw with intraosseous screws. Dental implants are installed in front. Intraoperative direct prosthetics was performed. A temporary screw prosthesis is installed in the mouth. After 3 months, 3 implants were installed and bone grafting was performed. Final prosthetics 7 months after the start of treatment.
Approaches to the dental treatment of patients with gnathological complaints according to the data of the survey of dentists
Authors: Korzun A. L. , Makeeva М. К. , Martinova S. V. , Polyakova M. A. , Taranova N. Y. , Gimish I. V. , Gasanova Z. M. , Kozhevnikova L. A.
Published: January 2024

Purpose: to determine the frequency of occurrence of gnathological complications during therapeutic treatment in the opinion of dentists-internists, dentists-general practitioners and to identify their approaches to the treatment of this group of patients.

Materials and methods: a survey of dentists-internists, dentists-general practitioners was conducted (82 respondents). The questionnaire was provided for filling out in paper form, as well as in electronic form by Google Forms, depending on the preferences and location of the respondent.

Results: this survey showed a high incidence of gnathological complications during therapeutic treatment, 92.68% of respondents encountered complications from the TMJ after treatment in patients. Most often, complications occurred during root canal treatment (34.2%) and work lasting more than 60 minutes (61.5%). Both similar and different features were identified in the treatment of this group of patients.

Conclusions: despite the high incidence of gnathological complications in the therapeutic rehabilitation of patients, according to dentists, there is currently no unified approach to the treatment of patients in this group and requires further development.
Stimulation of regenerative processes in the gums after curettage of the gums with diamond burs through the use of local wound-healing preparations
Authors: Proskokova S. V. , Enikeev A. M. , Kutuzov D. N. , Vostrikov V. O. , Kuliev R. M.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. Correcting periodontal and aesthetic problems associated with irrational previous fixed prosthetics is a difficulty faced by orthopedic dentists all over the world. One of the solutions at the moment is to use the idea of vertical preparation with further rational temporary and permanent prosthetics

Objective. Assessment of symptoms in patients with vertical preparation, with mandatory curettage of the gums with a flame-shaped bur, receiving local therapy, including the use of the domestic drug Superlimf adhesive plates.

Materials and methods. During the clinical study, a comparative analysis of the symptoms of gums traumatized during preparation was carried out in groups of patients with different treatment options. A total of 36 people took part in the study. The observation was carried out for 28 days.

Results. It was found that groups of patients treated with Superlimf or Solcoseryl showed the best results in terms of increasing gum volume.

Conclusion. Our data allows us to conclude that the use of additional medications such as Superlimf or Solcoseryl Dental can speed up the gum healing process in some patients, which is why it is possible to move to the stage of permanent prosthetics earlier.
Results of twelve years of experience in carrying out medical and social measures to restore dental health using dental implantation technologies «Quality of life for our veterans»
Authors: Put V. A. , Gladyshev M. V. , Usatov D. A. , Put S. A. , Kononov I. N. , Dolgalev A. A. , Teplov E. V. , Sadovsky V. V. , Morozov P. V. , Choniashvili D. Z.
Published: January 2024

Since 2009, a group of enthusiastic doctors in Russia has initiated a professional movement for gratuitous implantation for people, mostly elderly, «Quality of life for our parents» for war veterans. Currently, charity events with a slightly modified slogan «Quality of life for our veterans» are held for participants in military operations and local conflicts, widows and mothers of soldiers. For more than 12 years, gratuitous implantation and dental prosthetics of socially dependent groups of the population has been practiced in several subjects of the Russian Federation. Many of the patients were medical indications implantation with immediate loading. The implantation protocol with intraoperative immediate prosthetics reduces the duration of treatment and is most in demand among patients. Patients start using prostheses immediately after implantation surgery. For some patients of the older age group, with facial injuries and cancer patients, this factor was the most decisive in improving their quality of life. Over the years of the campaign, methods and clinical protocols have been developed and optimized. As a result, a charitable program of dental rehabilitation of patients using dental implants «Quality of life for our veterans» was created.
Surface Topography of the Materials used in NSW Micromegas Quadruplets
Authors: Maltezos Stavros , Alexopoulos Theodoros , Gazis Evangelos , Koutelieris George
Published: January 2024

In the framework of the NSW Micromegas Quadruplet production for the LHC-ATLAS Upgrade of phase I at CERN, their gas sealing is a crucial issue. For this reason, we studied the sealing feasibility based on the topography analysis of the materials used for the contact with the elastic rubber cord. In this work we present the obtained measurements by Atomic Force Spectroscopy for the relevant materials, FR4 and Kapton, and the data analysis method we used for determining the roughness of their surfaces. Moreover, we have introduced and applied an extended version of the K-correlation model for the modelling of the power spectrum. Beside the above materials, we present the Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and the associated modelling of the rubber cord used as O-ring in the Micromegas Quadrupltes.
TRANSLATIONAL MISCUES IN MODERN ARABIC VERSE: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Farghal Mohammed , Naji Rula
Published: January 2024

Historically, the term 'miscue' was first employed by Goodman (1962) where he develops a system for comparing expected oral reading responses with observed oral reading responses. His system is concerned with meaning and how it changes when miscues occur both at the word and sentence levels. To show the importance of miscues, he argues that the written language becomes parallel to the oral language in a literate society. To him, reading (the process through which miscues occur) is a psycholinguistic process involving the use of language in its written form to get to meaning, which may be twisted by misreading a word or a
sentenc.e .

Subsequent work has focused on the interaction between different cue systems in the reading process (i.e. phonetic, graphic, syntactic, and semantic systems). Chafe (1970) views th reconstruction of meaning as the function of all these systems together, arguing that attempts to separate them is merely a linguistic tradition. Similarly, Burke (1981) explains that it is impossible to deal with any of these systems without

addressing._...

the othe-rs- s--i- nc-e- t- he-.v.:

a- re-

interrelated. For his .o!._ art.I

Sims ("- 1976)__,

states that substitutions, insertions, omissions, or reversals, v.:h.ich cause the most frequent miscues, may occur at the sound, morpheme, word, phrase, and clause levels, arguing that (p.49) "In order to gain a fuller understanding of the reading process and of the miscue phenomena, one must examine miscues, not simply as changes involving individual words, but as phenomena which occur in a total language context" (cf. Mont oro 1976).
.
Language, Use and Contrastive Analysis
Authors: Y. Aziz Yowell
Published: January 2024

There are at present two main views of language and its relation to the world: the older and classical view which is here termed the Objectivist theory of language and the more recent view which is referred to, following Moore and Carling (1982: 10), the Epiphenomenalist theory of language ..

The traditional Objectivist view considers language a homogeneous 'object', a formal system to a large extent independent of its users and its context of use (Lee, 1992: 185). On this view, language is a code consisting of a set of phonological, grammatical and lexical features which· may be investigated out of context. Phenomena in the external world are classified into discrete categories conceived by the speaker, which are in turn reflected in linguistic categories. Meaning originates in the mind of the speaker in the form of mental constructs or concepts, which are planed or encoded by the speaker into a text functioning as a container of the speaker's thought. All that the addressee or the hearer has to do is to decode the linguistic sign and arriveat the meaning of the sentence. The act of communication is therefore relativeiy unproblematic with language functioning as a means for carrying the meaning of the speaker to the hearer. Words and sentences are given independent meanmg - that which is intended by the speaker - to be decoded by the hearer.
.
Academic Writing in a Multilingual Context: A Study of Learner Difficulties'
Authors: Bacha NahlaNola
Published: January 2024

Although the importance of the writing skill in university course work in comparison with the other skills is sometimes rated differently by students and faculty depending upon varying needs (Johns, 1981; Zughol, 1985; Bacha, 1993; West, 1994), few researchers, linguists and teachers of English as a second/foreign language2 challenge its significant consolidating role in an academic context. Writing is the medium through which students communicate their ideas, but more importantly, studies have shown that it helps to develop students' cognitive skills and, thererore, their learning (Vygotsky, 1962; Olson, 1996). It is crucial in any educational institution that students develop a certain proficiency level in academic writing, it being hard to visualize any type of learning without an appropriate standard.

This importance of the writing skill has led to a proliferation of studies to identifj the particular V·.'riting tasks students need in their academic courses (Abboud and Shaaban, 1984; Abuhamdia, 1984; Horowitz 1986; Zughoul and Husain 1985; Badr, 1992; Jordan, i997; Bacha, 1999). Among tasks found necessary to students' academic course work are exams, reports, summaries, note-taking , research projects, and various business and scientific writing genres related to their careers. Although the 'traditional' essay considered important for a long time in language composition courses is not rated highly necessary, its significance is worth noting as it not only provides a cognitive framework for many of the more specific genres (Purves, 1988) but also it emphasizes the difficulty, true of most writing and best expressed by Hunter-Carsch (1990).

.
Narrative Form and Content: Intimations of Authorial Presence
Authors: Kharbutli Mahmoud
Published: January 2024

In 1987 it was revealed that Paul de Man, one of the apostles of the death of the author, had published a great number of anti-Semitic and pro-Nazi articles in the collaborationist Belgian newspaper Le Soir. The revelation "set in motion a process of reevaluation ... of the ethics of detaching the text from its writer (and) brought the author back to the center stage" (Burke 1). In spite 9f Barthes' vociferous declaration of the death of the author that came as a culmination of a long and feverish campaign led by a number of staunch advocates of variations on the "death of the author" doctrine which span the whole twentieth century, "The authorial subject returns, the (auto)biographical disrupts, enhances and displaces aspects of their work, a return which ... takes place almost instantaneously with the declaration of authorial departure"(Burke 7). In brief, a deconstruct ve reading of the texts of these writers reveals that what is said is contradicted by what is unsaid; their texts mean what they do not say and say what they do not mean. Some thinkers have chosen a more dramatic way of response; for Bradbury, for example, "The comedy has its basis in

r-"'ng nt- +h ir. ....,,or fonaTe1 """'+- llo.r-A.nC1Tr11,1'"'f1r'\..,....

'1""17.0 rl'"' ..,'"""'+ £"11 -n+r£"'\.l

,.... .. • • .. ... 4
Thi'JIT
V.l.l\.1 V.l. L.lJ.'\.1 lVVH.l.\.11 l.\.111\.tl.i:l V.l .LJ'\.1\.IVHi:lll U\..IUVll --l.llU.l. VV \.I UV ll.Vl. vVllLl Vl
language: language (that impersonal, endless play of signifiers) controls us. It (rather than _writers) writes books" (qtd. in Burke 22). Willian1 Gass
-; - .! .. - - • ; ... -- -; - - ..,._ -- • ;
:speaKS Ul :SUU:SillUUHg . tne WISH IOf Ille UeeO \,t}IU. lil DUIKe L.L), iOr LUe
death of the author is not so much a fact as a wish. It is, in my opinion, an expediency, or an ideology. It is somehow a murder, more a "performative than constative" (Burke 29) act. At best, it is a mere method of reading which in no way invalidates the other methods. By the very logic of Postmodernism there is no transcendental signified, and by the logic of intentionalists, to use Juhl's image, the author is not a monkey (Interpretation: An Essay in the Philosophy of Literary Criticism), though

.
Islam and Muslims in Byron's The Gorsair
Authors: Rishmawi George
Published: January 2024

"The right shading for the god, the right shading for the gnon:e." Light imagery becomes for Willa Cather an effective device for revealing
and enhancing the personalities, qualities, and moods of her characters. Light imagery operates in seemingly limitless ways to make her characters come to life within the novels. It is as if, like a painter, she realized the absolute necessity of light for creating the emotional dimension in her characters, for, as Ralph Evans (1984) observes, "if a picture is painted purely in its local colours without regard to light and shade and the characteristic qualities of shadow, it will tend to lie flat on the canvas without life and form» (Evans: 311). Some of Willa Cather's characters reveal only a keen sensitivity to light, but many are so frequently associated with light imagery that they seem to flare off the page with life. Willa Cather believed that characterization is what the novelist should . be most concerned with. The subject ·of art should be humanity, and it should express the artist's wonder of man. "His business is to make men and women and breathe into then1 until they become living souls , . ,'' (1he Kingdom qf Art: 48). Light becomes, so to speak, a technique \.Vhich \1/illa Cather used to capture the feelings of her characters and make them come alive for the re der 1

.
Male, Female Expressions of Heathen Love:Bronte's Heathcliff and Hawthorne's Hester
Authors: Al-Madani Yusur
Published: January 2024

Though the Eastern elements in The Corsair are not as immediate and prevalent as in The Giaour, they ,constitute an important part of the poem. They are mainly elaborated as interactions and conflicts among the poem's major characters, Conrad, Gulnare, and Seyd. In contrast to The Giaour 's one-dimensional relationship with Islam represented in the Giaour's tragic love-affair with Leila, Conrad's involvement with Islam and Muslims is not restricted to one person or one dimension. It cannot be reduced to the fact that Conrad goes to war against the Muslim Seyd. This can be seen as an East-West conflict touching upon Conrad's hidden attitude toward Islam. He secretly desires to become a Bektash (a dervish-warrior) 1. At the same time, he lives a hermit-like life that represents the complex and latent conflict between Conrad's Eastern ambitions and his Western upbringing. It is. Conrad's divided self, which best characterizes his paradoxical relationship with Islam and Muslims ..
Basic Issues in Translator Training with Special Reference to Arab Universities1
Authors: Farghal Mohammed
Published: January 2024

The paper will address the status quo of student translator training programs in the Arab world by looking at the practical and theoretical dimensions of translation studies as an emerging discipline. It aims to offer a set of principles and guidelines whose presence seems indispensable. First, an introductory word is said about nature of human communication, nature of translation, translation programs, translation equivalence, and context in translation. Second, an important distinction is drawn between a theory of translating and a theory of translation. While a theory of translating is essentially the output of professional experience in translation activity, any possible theory of translation is the outcome of academic training in translation studies. Thus, the former is subconscious, intuitive and naturally acquired, whereas the latter is conscious, informed and formally learned. Third, it is argued that translation activity should always be informed by a principle of relevance – the decision to render a segment (or an aspect of it) or not depends entirely on whether that segment is relevant in any given context. The skopos of any translation situation should always inform relevance-related decisions. Fourth, translation should be viewed as an act of communication, which is governed by considerations of comprehensibility and readability, rather than an act of prescription, which is informed by dogmatic and obsolete views about correctness. Fifth, translation activity is argued to involve three stages: the pre-translating, the translating and the re-translating stages. Finally, a pedagogical exercise that involves translation criticism is furnished..
The Pragmatics of the Non-Temporal Uses of the Past Tense in Arabic
Authors: Thabit Saeed Aziz
Published: January 2024

This paper explores some of the non-temporal uses of the past tense in Arabic in an attempt to decipher the subtle pragmatic effects that such uses accomplish in discourse. It also examines the extent to which these uses will support the generalization proposed by Wallace (1982) to explain the non-temporal uses of the past tense in English and in the other group of languages he considered. The study analyzed contextualized instances of the past tense that were culled from different Arabic sources, including short stories and social and religious texts. Findings of the study show that the non-temporal uses of the past tense in Arabic are of two types: uses that support Wallace’s generalization and others which do not. The paper discusses the pragmatic effects that both types of uses convey in discourse..
Departments of English at Arab Universities and the Challenge of Globalization
Authors: AI-Quran Majid
Published: January 2024

Realizing that the world has shrunk and that a global perspective is deemed vital for one's citizenry to obtain, it is time as we are stepping in the third millenium to reconsider how the humanities, including languages, can contribute to this new and enlarged view of the world. Language is one of the major disciplines of humanities, which are concerned with human self­ expression. It is in their languages that the people of this universe preserve for subsequent generations the tradition of their thought and wisdom, both secular and religious. Writers and poets record the wide range of human experiences, which serve as the basis for the common bond for all mankind. This includes love and passion, selflessness and egotism, loyalty and betrayal, the joy of living, the agonies of aging, the existential fear of dying7 the humility of man, fear and courage, and the ultimate greatness of
man. It is doubtless that the sum of all thinking, of chronicles and feelings
is carried by language and thus, the humanities are all said to be language centered.

The present paper is an attempt to shed light on the new demands that the departments of English at Arab universities should meet in the light of the worldwide move towards globalization. This eventuaily entails including and investing elements of global education as a me s to further English

215

language learning. More awareness of the global culture is needed and has to be carefully reflected in syllabus design and study plans in terms of scope and sequence and selection of teaching materials. This could\be actualized through the inclusion of culture studies from other parts of the globe so as to keep up with the ever-increasing cosmic changes. Moreover, it is a major task of the departments of English to demonstrate in their study plans how to raise awareness in their students that judgments on the relative superiority of some cultures are at best dubious.

The global perspective, which has to be adopted by all humanities including languages and literature, attempts to transcend the national boundaries and even the larger realm of the cultural sphere. This new outlook has to open the broad panorama of contemporary events all over the world. Besides, serious consideration is to be given to the future and cultural politics of English as an international language in the age of globalization, in addition to the new role and input that literature can have in the light of the paradox of a fragmented global village.

Moreover, civic issues, values and virtues and the cause of citizenship are now of global interest and thus have to be addressed within the global perspective by all educational institutions. It seems quite obvious that the fact that promoting good citizenship as one of the most commonly stated values in the mission statements of our colleges and universities is overlooked.

.
A Preilminary Bibliography Of Arabic-English Contrastive Studies*
Authors: Mukattash Lewis
Published: January 2024

A Preilminary Bibliography Of Arabic-English Contrastive Studies*.
The Romantic Selflessness: Sufism in Romanticism
Authors: B.Oueijan Naji
Published: January 2024

"I live not in myself, but I become/Portion of that around me," Lord Byron Chi/de Harold's Pilgrimage, III, 11.680-81.1

I start this study with the above quotation because the self in Romantic literature, perhaps most especially in Lord Byron, is so prominent, so asserted, that to speak of selflessness at all seems strained. Indeed, Romantic literature is packed with examples of the self versus the other, especially the orthodox other. Without denying the thrust of these, this work suggests that selflessness is an essential feature of Romantic literature and that definitions of Romanticism which deny or ignore the concept of selflessness risk misguiding the reading of some of the best Romantic works, which someiimes are being falsely accused of egotistical bombast. Of more academic concern, if selflessness is and can be shown a valid and necessary concept to the understanding of Romanticism, then its kinship with Sufism will be secured.
.
From Influence to Intertexuality in Comparative Literary Studies
Authors: AtifFaddul AtifFaddul
Published: January 2024

Critics dealing with intertexuality tend to warn that it is a controversial term like many other terms in literary theory and that different critics give it different senses and apply it in different ways. In this paper I will explain the major trends in defining and employing this term and the role it plays and could play in comparative literary studies as a replacement of the less favored term, influence, that is continuously losing grounds in such studies.

Graham Allen in his recently published book, Intertexuality, presents the major controversies surrounding the use of this term and the questions that need to be answered and clarified by critics hoping to employ it as a model for interpretation in literary studies in general. These questions, according to Allen (1981), "all bear upon a fundamental distinction between knowledge, including socio-historical knowledge, and the rejection of the very idea of stable knowledge" on the one hand and upon oer1n1ng rne ifame ot- reterence ot 111tertexual1ty on the other hand. Alien concludes that the task of the critic dealing with this term "is to engage with it as a split, multiple concept, which poses questions and requires one to engage with them rather than forcing one to produce definite ans\vers"(59-60). In other words, the different senses and uses ofthe term, intertexuality, correspond to the different critical approaches to literature and the relation of literature to society or to its context. Some approaches consider that texts are autonomous and arise from other texts
.
Contrastive Analysis: The Problem of a Model
Authors: Y. Aziz Yowell
Published: January 2024

Contrastive Linguistics, a branch of linguistics, uses contrastive analysis as its method. This analysis usually comprises three steps: description of two languages, usually the native language (Ll) and the second or the foreign language (L2); comparison of the two languages to show similarities and contrasts between them, and finally prediction of the areas of difficulties and errors for the benefit of the learner of the second or the foreign language. Each of these processes: description, comparison and prediction has to be based on a suitable theoretical paradigm or model. I will therefore be concerned with three types of models: description

m--o- d- els..I

comnarison models and n.J. rediction models. Although all of these

types are essential, the last two are casually mentioned, if ever, in the
work of contrastivists.
.
Is Avoidance a Reflection of Mother Tongue Interference? The Case for the English Present Perfect Tense
Authors: Ebrahim Mattar Hameed
Published: January 2024

Practising teachers, as well as ianguage learning researchers involved with Arab learners of English as a foreign language must have observed the fact that the perfect tense in its present, past as well as continuous forms is one of the most difficult English tenses to use well or even correctly. They must have also noticed that the present perfect simple tense and the present perfect continuous tend to be replaced by the past simple tense and the present continuous respectively. This problem, however, is not peculiar to Arabic-speaking learners of English.

In Realms of Meaning, Hofmann (1993:119) explains that "one ofthe harder things about learning English well is knowing when to use the past tense and when to use the perfect aspect". Various research studies into the acquisition of the present perfect tense suggest that this is a universal problem involving learners of English as a foreign/second language from diverse language backgrounds. In a paper presented at the annual convention of TESOL held in Honolulu in May 1982, Raymond concludes that "ESL learners often avoid using the present perfect tense or use it improperly". In contrast with native speakers of English sampled from newspaper editorials, of whom 75% used the present perfect, only 22% of ESL college students used the present perfect correctly. The reseaxcher attributes this avoidance in part to "lack of understanding of the function of the present perfect, especially in contrast with the simple past". Although not stated, one is led to believe that the ESL subjects of

141

this study used the simple past where the present perfect should have been used. This ·is the same strategy employed by Arabic-speaking learners of EFL (cf. Mukattash, 1978; Kharma and Hajjaj, 1989). .
A Preliminary Investigation of Saudi Students Strategies in EFL Reading
Authors: Atari Omar
Published: January 2024

This paper reports the results of an empirical study of Saudi Students' reading comprehension strategies revealed through the use of the 'think-aloud' technique. The findings indicate that the subjects of this study tend to employ low-level, bottom-up, language-based strategies. This overwhelming entanglement with text processing at the micro-level such as handling isolated unfamiliar words and phrases gets in the way of utilizing the cognitive higher-level top-down, knowledge-based strategies. The paper calls for well-prepared strategy training programs in the skill of automaticity of local low-level strategies which should be supplemented by extensive reading in the target language..
The American Frontier Character and His Relationship to Nature as Depicted by Thomas Bangs Thorpe
Authors: Dahman Ghada
Published: January 2024

While going unnoticed by many writers, the significance of the American frontiersman of the south did not escape the attention of Thomas Bangs Thorpe of Louisiana. This article tries to reinstate the importance that the frontiersman of the 19th century held in the eyes of this Old Southwest humorist. Thorpe humorously depicts this unique character to an almost a godly magnitude, yet at the same time, he retains his human traits, hence, remaining on a level readers could relate to. Even though the frontiersman's presence became sadly diminished as civilization advanced, Thorpe was able to revive him through his sketches. The speech, manners and lifestyle of the frontiersman, who evolves out of the American wilderness around him, all become Thorpe's means to successfully documenting one side of American history which might have gone unrecognized were it not for Thorpe's short stories..
On the Notion of Familiarity and Arabic Discourse
Authors: Saeed Aziz
Published: January 2024

This paper applies Prince's taxonomy to Arabic in an attempt to test its reliability. The study analyzes two Standard Arabic written texts: a narrative, dialogue type text, and a non-narrative, didactic one. The results of the study show that with certain modifications, Prince's taxonomy works well for Arabic. The study proposes a number of changes in light of the Arabic data. These changes are essential if the taxonomy is to claim universality..
The English Language and Non-Native Writers of Fiction
Authors: Butros Albert
Published: January 2024

Although fiction in English by non-native authors is one of long standing, there has been in the last two decades a surge in novels and short stories written by individuals whose native language is not English or by bilingual authors whose native command of a language other than English has been used to advantage in furthering the stylistic effect of their works. This paper explores the actual (and potential) contribution of four such writers (two Arab: Ahdaf  Soueifand Ibrahim Fawal, and two Indian: Rohinton Mistry and Arundhati Roy) to the English language in terms of words, phrases, idioms and fixed expressions as well as broader elements of tone and emphasis. Extensive reference is also made to other Arab as well as African and Chinese novelists. The paper finds that longer strings are more readily recognizable as additions to English than single words, notwithstanding the legitimacy of many word-additions. It also looks into some practical considerations like the need or otherwise of textual glossing, glossaries as appendices and italicization..
Linguistic and Cultural Issues in Literary Translation A Case Study
Authors: Albakry Mohammed
Published: January 2024

Linguistic and Cultural Issues in Literary Translation A Case Study.
Arabic Subtitles on English Movies:
Some Linguistic, Ideological and Pedagogic Issues
Authors: M. Mazid Bahaa-Eddin
Published: January 2024

The study pro vides an investigation of a sample of Arabic subtitles on English movies and TV dramas in an attempt to identify and account for some patterns of "corruption" in these subtitles, to provide some suggestions for fixing such subtitling problems and to provide some guidelines for doing, and teaching, Arabic subtitling on English audiovisual texts. The investigation of the sample Arabic subtitles on the English movies - Big Daddy, Tempted, and Lizzie McGuire Movie - and TV dramas identifies specific patterns of problems: Literal translation, insensitivity to context, ungrammatical, unnatural or inaccurate translations, treatment of foul language and unnecessary formality. The discussion of the problems and the analysis thereof addresses some of the major issues in translating Arabic to English in general and in doing English-to-Arabic audiovisual translation (ATV) in particular..
EFL Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Teaching Listening
Authors: Bouziri Basma
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates listening teachers’ attitudes towards the teaching of listening at the tertiary level in the Tunisian context. An eclectic methodology is adopted based on quantitative and qualitative analyses as well as on the triangulation of several research instruments. The disclosure of the data indicates a product approach reflected in terms of three tendencies: the listening for speaking, the listening to develop listening skills, and the listening to understand..
Readers and “The Soul Selects Her Society”
Authors: Ismaeal Elayyan Hani
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the reader’s role in interpreting Emily Dickinson’s poem 303. In “The Soul Selects,” Dickinson manipulates and puzzles her readers through the use of ambiguity and indeterminacy. She deliberately made her poetry hard because she wanted only elite readers to read and get her. Poem 303 supports this idea about Dickinson because it mentions an act of selection that is performed by a certain soul. As the reception history of the poem demonstrates, many readers have approached the poem with curiosity and with the hope that he/she could reveal the referent of the “soul” and the “society.” Those many interpretations, however, do not help us establish the “real meaning” of the poem. Rather, they help demonstrate the poem is about reading itself and that the act of selection is a figurative reference to the act of reading and interpreting as practiced by different critics and readers..
Pragmatic Functions of Interrogative Sentences in English: A Corpus-based Study
Authors: Fareh Shehdeh , Bin Moussa Maher
Published: January 2024

This study attempts to identify the various discourse functions of interrogative sentences in English. A corpus of authentic literary texts of three plays is surveyed in order to determine the pragmatic functions of this type of sentence. It is found that interrogatives perform more than thirty-five pragmatic functions. The analysis also reveals that contextual factors pertaining to interlocutors, their status and relationships, in addition to the time, place and world of discourse play a vital role in determining the pragmatic function of an interrogative sentence. Relevant implications to teaching English as a foreign language are highlighted..
Hubungan Kepedulian Orang Tua Dengan Kondisi Kesehatan Gigi Dan Mulut Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun Di Tk Multazam Perumahan Gowa Lestari Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Hamdayani Hamdayani , Sainah Sainah , Liliskarlina Liliskarlina
Published: January 2024

Tujuan: mengetahui tingkat kepedulian orang tua terhadap kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak pada usia 3-4 tahun, serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh pekerjaan orang tua dan Pendidikan  orang tua terhadap kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak di TK Multazam Kecematan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 70 responden yang diperoleh dengan Teknik rumus slovin. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner kepada orang tua dari masing-masing anak dan lembar observasi dari masing-masing anak. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepedulian orang tua (ibu) terhadap kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak pada usia 3-4 tahun di TK Multazam tergolong baik jika kepedulian ibu masuk dalam kategori tinggi  (24,2%), sedangkan kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak yang tergolong sedang (14,2%) jika kepedulian ibu tinggi dan (37,1%) jika kepedulian ibu rendah dan kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak tergolong buruk. Hasil uji Chi Square diperoleh nilai sig. 0,000 0,05 sehingga disimpulkan terdapat hubungan kepedulian orang tua dengan kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak pada usia 3-4 tahun di TK Multazam. Implikasi Penelitian : Bahwa masih ada beberapa responden yang kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulutnya  karena tingkat kepedulian orang tua yang rendah. Rekomendasi: Perlu adanya kepedulian orang tua agar kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak dapat terjaga dengan baik.
ANALISIS ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA PASIEN KISTA OVARIUM DENGAN NYERI POST OP MENGGUNAKAN INTERVENSI TERAPI MUROTTAL KOMBINASI RELAKSASI NAFAS DALAM DAN AROMATERAPI LAVENDER DI RSUD LABUANG BAJI MAKASSAR
Authors: Fadihilah Nurul , Amaliah Vilda , Risnah Risnah
Published: January 2024

AbstrakTahun 2020 terdapat 14.896 kasus dengan kematian 9.581 orang meninggal. Sedangkan di Indonesia ditahun 2018 sebanyak 13.310 kasus dengan angka kematian mencapai 7.842 orang meninggal. Di provinsi sulawesi selatan pada tahun 2013 kasus kista ovarium usia 12 sampai 24 tahun yaitu 146 orang dengan penyakit ginekologi dan 31 pasien dengan kista ovarium (21,2%), dan 25 sampai 44 tahun ada 124 pasien dengan penyakit ginekologi dan 42 pasien dengan ovarium kista (33,8%), usia 45-64 tahun dengan pasien ginekologi 134 orang, pada pasien kista ovarium 19 orang (14,1%).Tujuan: untuk mengetahui analisis asuhan keperawatan pada pasien kista ovarium dengan nyeri post op dengan intervensi terapi murottal kombinasi relaksasi nafas dalam dan aromaterapi lavender. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian yaitu studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data, wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, pendokumentasian. pelaksanaan intervensi 1 kali sehari dalam 3 hari pemberian Hasil: analisis studi kasus pasien kista ovarium dengan masalah nyeri post op dengan intervensi nonfarmakologi didapatkan hasil terjadi penurunan skala nyeri dari skala 6 ke skala 2. Implikasi penelitian: penggunaan terapi murottal dengan kombinasi relaksasi napas dalam dan aromaterapi lavender sebagai salah satu intervensi nonfarmakologi yang bisa dilakukan secara mandiri untuk dilakukan pada pasien nyeri post op.Rekomendasi: Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan dasar penelitian untuk selanjutnya seperti penelitian yang dapat menindaklanjuti dari intervensi yang telah diberikan.
PERAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP PENERAPAN KESELAMATAN PASIEN ANAK DI RS BHAYANGKARA KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Darwis Dahlia
Published: January 2024

Latar belakang: Kecelakaan pada pasien di rumah sakit seperti fenomena gunung es, angka kejadian yang terlihat hanyalah sebagian kecil dari kejadian sebenarnya di rumah sakit. Isu keselamatan pasien menyatakan bahwa anak sangat rentan terhadap kecelakaan dan keselamatannya. Anak-anak perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus untuk keselamatan mereka karena mereka masih berada dalam proses tumbuh dan berkembang. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran teknologi informasi dan budaya organisasi terhadap penerapan keselamatan pasien anak di RS Bhayangkara Kota Makassar. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Deskriptif Analitik Korelatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Non Probability Sampling dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 75 orang dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata responden memiliki teknologi informasi baik sebesar 64,0%, budaya organisasi baik sebesar 74,7%, dan penerapan keselamatan pasien anak sangat baik sebesar 89,3%. Dari analisis hubungan antar variabel menggunakan spss dengan uji Pearson Correlation didapatkan hasil ada hubungan antara teknologi informasi terhadap penerapan keselamatan pasien anak p value 0,0010,05, serta ada hubungan antara budaya organisasi terhadap penerapan keselamatan pasien anak p value 0,0170,05. Kesimpulan: Secara umum gambaran teknologi informasi dan budaya organisasi di RS Bhayangkara Kota Makassar dinyatakan baik, sedangkan penerapan keselamatan pasien anak dinyatakan sangat baik. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara teknologi informasi terhadap penerapan keselamatan pasien anak, serta ada hubungan yang signifikan antara budaya organisasi terhadap penerapan keselamatan pasien anak. Pelatihan patient safety secara berkelanjutan serta optimalisasi teknologi informasi dan budaya organisasi sangat direkomendasikan guna meningkatkan mutu layanan yang berfokus pada keselamatan pasien. Kata Kunci: Teknologi Informasi, Budaya Organisasi, Keselamatan Pasien, Anak
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH KABUPATEN GOWA MELALUI UPT BANK SAMPAH
Authors: LilisKarlina Liliskarlina , HN Wahyuni
Published: January 2024

Pemerintah Kab Gowa dalam hal ini Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Gowa mengurangi volume sampah yang diangkut ke TPA Cadika dari sumber sampah dengan sistem 3 R. Maka dari itu pemerintah Kab Gowa untuk mengurangi volume sampah yang di angkut ke TPA Cadika menumbuhkan inovasi baru yang cepat mendapat tanggapan dari masyarakat yaitu mendirikan UPT Bank Sampah. Tujuan : untuk mengetahui analisis pengelolaan sampah Kabupaten Gowa melalui UPT Bank Sampah. Metode penelitian : dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Dengan pendekatan Fenomenologi yakni menganalisis secara deskriptif dan intropeksi tentang pengelolaan sampah Kabupaten Gowa melalui UPT Bank sampah, penelitian dilaksanakan di UPT Bank Sampah dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu Wawancara, Observasi, dan Dokumentasi yang ada di UPT Bank sampah menganalisa data penulis melakukan beberapa tahapan yaitu Tahap Reduksi data setelah pengumpulan data, Tahap penyajian data, Tahap penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi.tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengelolaan UPT Bank sampah di Kab Gowa. Hasil : penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa UPT Bank sampah merupakan sarana tempat yang dilakukan kabupaten gowa untuk melakukan pengurangan sampah dikabupaten gowa sejak pada sumbernya, UPT bank sampah berfungsi untuk mengedukasi masyarakat tentang bagaimana memilah sampah sebelum dibuang, maanfaat yang dirasakan masyarakat bergabung di UPT Bank sampah adalah dapat meningkatkan perekonomian rumah tangga. Rekomendasi : Diharapkan kepada UPT Bank sampah untuk lebih meningkatkan sarana dan prasarana agar dapat mengoprasikan UPT bank sampah lebih efektif serta dapat melakukan pengelolaan sampah di UPT sendiri.
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSLUSIF TERHADAP KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA
Authors: Riswan Riswan , Annisa Fauziyah , Hilal Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Stunting adalah masalah kurang gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang kurang dalam waktu cukup lama akibat pemberian makanan yang tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan gizi. Masalah gizi pada balita didunia sekitar 165 juta anak yang berusia dibawa 5 tahun mengalami stunting dan negara Afrika dan Asia sekitar 90% kasusnya (Trihono, 2015). Tahun 2025 secara global sekitar 40% untuk menurunkan kasus stunting dimana tahun 2020 dari 171 juta turun menjadi 100 juta ditahun 2025. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wundulako Kab. Kolaka Sulawesi Tenggara.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua Balita yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wundulako sebanyak 1.662 Balita dan Sampel dalam penelitian adalah balita yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wundulako sebanyak 94 balita diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Insturmen yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan lembar ceklist dan pengukuran tinggi badan pada balita dan pemberian ASI Ekslusif. Variabel yang diteliti adalah pemberian ASI Ekslusif dan stunting pada balita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan pemberian ASI ekslusif terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wundulako Kab. Kolaka Sulawesi Tenggara berdasarkan hasil uji statistik Chi-Square Tests diperoleh nilai p=0.000 ɑ = 0.05. Saran Disarankan bagi ibu untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif kepada bayinya karena stunting dapat di cegah dengan pemberian ASI ekslusif selama 6 bulan.