bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Cooperative Control of Multi-traffic Signal Based on Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
Authors:   Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, 70 Huanghe Road, Harbin, China, Cui Jianxun , Zhao Boyuan ,   Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, 70 Huanghe Road, Harbin, China
Published: December 2024

Horizontal traffic signal intersection are the most common bottleneck areas in urban traffic operation. Due to safety conflicts between traffic from different directions at the same time and space node, only certain directions of traffic can be released within a limited time, while other directions of traffic are forced to stop and wait for red lights. Therefore, unreasonable signal timing can easily lead to significant delays and energy consumption in overall traffic operation. Although previous studies have proposed traffic signal and CAV control models based on optimization control, model predictive control, and reinforcement learning methods, they have difficulties to model the complex and dynamic scenarios for multi-intersection traffic network. Therefore, this paper proposes an adaptive and cooperative control model based on Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) for traffic signal. A novel MARL algorithm and several simulation scenarios are developed to investigate traffic performance of the algorithm. The results show that the proposed cooperative model is effective, and it can significantly reduce the average queue length and improve traffic efficiency.
An Analysis of Concept Lattice Usability for Open Data Categorization within Evolving Metadata Environment
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Computer Science, Niš, Serbia, Frtunić Gligorijević Milena , Bogdanović Miloš ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Computer Science, Niš, Serbia, Stoimenov Leonid ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Computer Science, Niš, Serbia
Published: December 2024

Due to the open data initiatives a substantial number of datasets has been published on open data portals. In order to support data findability and usability these portals provide various search options based on datasets metadata. However, often metadata incompleteness directly impacts the quality of search results and consequently data discoverability. Therefore, a need has arisen for approaches for filling in the missing metadata information, like missing dataset category values. One of these approaches is focused on categorizing datasets based on the tags used to describe them. This approach relies on a knowledge base consisting of concept lattices created for each of the categories created using the Formal Concept Analysis method. However, with the increase in the number of datasets on the portal and consequently number of tags and combinations of tags used to describe them, the knowledge base has to be recreated. Therefore, within this research, we present the analysis of concept lattice usability for the categorization of datasets within evolving metadata environment. We analyze two sets of concept lattices created for Ireland’s open data portal datasets in 2020 and 2021 and their usability for categorizing new datasets that were available on the portal in 2021 and 2023.
Been Hacked Yet? Strategies to Stay Safe and Protected
Authors:   Metrel d.o.o., Horjul, Slovenia, Benkič Karl
Published: December 2024

As cyber threats become increasingly frequent and sophisticated, organizations of all sizes are more vulnerable than ever to security breaches. This paper emphasizes the need for accessible cybersecurity strategies that can benefit both small and large enterprises. Smaller companies, often limited by resources, are particularly attractive targets, while larger organizations face unique vulnerabilities stemming from their extensive networks, vendor dependencies, and demanding user bases. This paper provides a starting point for companies of all sizes by identifying effective, budget-friendly tools such as Wazuh, PingCastle, and Purple Knight, which can significantly enhance security across organizations. Additionally, we propose key monitoring practices for administrators in Windows domains and demonstrate how built-in tools can play a vital role in safeguarding systems. Foundational practices—such as enforcing strong password policies, implementing regular software updates, and utilizing multifactor authentication (MFA)—are also addressed as essential defences against common cyber threats. Employee training is highlighted as a critical component, enabling staff to recognize and mitigate potential threats, particularly given the frequent role human error plays in breaches. By focusing on accessible tools and straightforward strategies, this paper aims to make cybersecurity achievable for organizations with limited resources. “Been Hacked Yet? Strategies to Stay Safe and Protected” serves as a practical guide for strengthening defences and fostering a resilient security posture amidst today’s evolving cyber threat landscape.
LiDAR-Camera Feature-level Fusion in Autonomous Driving Perception: A Survey
Authors:   Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, 70 Huanghe Road, Harbin, China, Cui Jianxun , Zhou Xin ,   Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, 70 Huanghe Road, Harbin, China, Milojković Marko ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Control Systems, Niš, Serbia, Milovanović Miroslav ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Control Systems, Niš, Serbia, Perić Stanisa ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Control Systems, Niš, Serbia
Published: December 2024

As autonomous driving technology advances, the feature-level fusion of LiDAR and camera data has emerged as a critical area of focus for enhancing perception systems. This paper begins by outlining the strengths and weaknesses of both LiDAR and cameras in the context of autonomous vehicles, highlighting the rationale behind their integration. It then delves into the concept of feature-level fusion, providing a detailed explanation of its significance. The methods for fusing LiDAR and camera data at the feature level are categorized into three main approaches: proposal-based, point-based, and unified-space-based fusion. The proposal-based approach mainly involves generating 2D or 3D object proposals from images and refining them with point cloud data. In contrast, the point-based method leverages image segmentation and point cloud information, or point projection, to filter out noise and enhance detection accuracy. The unified-space-based approach seeks to fuse features within a common intermediate space, thereby minimizing information loss that might occur when converting between image and point cloud representations. Each of these methodologies brings unique advantages and innovative solutions, contributing significantly to the advancement of autonomous driving. Despite their potential, they also present challenges that necessitate ongoing research and development.
MSU-Main as Heterotopia: Perspectives and Memories of Retired Meranaw Employees
Authors: Mangurun Mosa-ab Z.
Published: December 2024

This study examines Mindanao State University-Main Campus at Marawi through the lens of Foucault's concept of heterotopia, exploring its role as a unique academia within the complex socio-political landscape of the Bangsamoro region. A mixed-methods approach, including document analysis, ethnographic interviews, and autoethnographic reflection, was used to investigate the experiences of retired Meranaw employees and the campus as an emplacement. The study reveals MSU-Main as a multifaceted heterotopic space, simultaneously embodying characteristics of both crisis and deviance heterotopias. It originally functioned as an apparatus of the Philippine Government while serving as a 'social laboratory' for cultural integration. Findings indicate its complex feature as an apparatus of power, as a socio-economic base, with a striking ethnopolitical characteristic, and a tendency to mirror the socio-cultural expectations of its location. Its characteristic as physical territory is shaped by the resistance of indigeneity over the constitutionality of land ownership. It uncovers tensions between the university's mandate for diversity and recent demographic shifts and its perception as a symbol of state power during periods of conflict. Despite challenges, the research reveals MSU-Main as a site of intercultural harmony and mutual support, particularly evident during times of crisis. This study contributes to the understanding of educational institutions in post-colonial contexts, offering insights into the role of universities in shaping cultural identities and navigating complex power dynamics. It provides a foundation for future research on the long-term effects of heterotopic educational spaces and their potential to foster inclusive, culturally sensitive learning environments.
ALTIN ORDA DÖNEMİ YERALTI MEZAR YAPILARI
Authors: Arabalı Tatar Münteha , Pilehvarian (kara) Nuran
Published: December 2024

Altın Orda döneminde inşa edilmiş türbeler içerisinde yeraltı türbeleri/ mezar yapıları önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Altın Orda coğrafyası, yönetim merkezi İdil boyu olmakla beraber batıda Prut Dinyester havzasından doğuda İrtiş’e kadar uzanan geniş bozkırlara yayılmakta, Harezm, Kırım ve Kafkaslar gibi köklü geçmişe sahip farklı bölgeleri içerisinde barındırmaktadır. Altın Orda toprakları, 4. Yüzyıldan itibaren Hunlar, Göktürkler, Hazarlar, Peçenekler, Kıpçaklar (Kumanlar), Bulgarlar ve Altın Orda gibi çeşitli Türk boylarının ve devletlerinin hüküm sürdüğü bir coğrafya olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Türk boylarının, İslamiyet öncesi dönemde kitleler halinde Orta Asya bozkırlarından Avrupa yönüne göç ettikleri bilinmektedir (Taşağıl, 2015: 25-26). Türklerin İslamiyet’i kabul süreçleri, bir Türk-Moğol devleti olarak Altın Orda yönetiminde bulunan farklı halkların gelenekleri, dini kabulleri vb. faktörler devletin yayıldığı topraklarda farklı mimari yapıların, bezeme tekniklerinin gelişmesine olanak sağlamış olmalıdır (Arabalı Tatar, t.y.). Altın Orda Devleti'ndeki defin uygulamalarının analizi, çeşitli dini ve tarihi etkilerin zengin bir dokusunu ortaya koymaktadır. İslamiyet’in devletin resmi dini olmasına rağmen, kültürel çeşitliliğin ve geleneksel uygulamaların devam ettiği görülmektedir. Altın Orda döneminde türbelerin mimari evrimi, özellikle de yeraltı örnekleri, Türk ve İslam mimari geleneklerinin eşsiz bir sentezini temsil etmektedir. İdil bölgesindeki yeraltı mezarlarının diğer bölgelere kıyasla yaygınlığı, bunların önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bazı yapılar yer üstü kubbesiyle geleneksel formunu korurken, diğerleri tamamen yer altındadır. Altın Orda dönemi yeraltı türbeleri çoğunlukla tuğla ile inşa edilmiş, kubbeli ve kare planlı kurgusuyla kurgandan türbeye geçiş örneği olarak sayılan geç dönem örnekleri olması açısından önemlidir.
VEKÂLETSİZ İŞGÖRMEDE İŞSAHİBİNİN İŞGÖRMEYİ UYGUN BULMASININ SONUÇLARI
Authors: Kaya Ümmühan
Published: December 2024

Vekâletsiz işgörme, kanundan doğan borç ilişkisi kaynaklarından birisidir. Vekâletsiz işgörmede, işgören akdi bir temele dayanmaksızın, yetkili veya yükümlü olmadan işsahibinin işini görmektedir. İşgören böyle bir işi işsahibinin yararına olacak şekilde görürse bu halde gerçek vekâletsiz işgörme söz konusu olurken, işgören işsahibine ait bir işi bencil amaçlarla kendi yararına görürse gerçek olmayan vekâletsiz işgörmeden bahsedilir. Gerçek olmayan vekâletsiz işgörmede, teknik anlamda bir işgörmeden dahi bahsedilememektedir.
İşsahibi, akdi bir temele dayanmayan işgörmeyi sonradan uygun bulabilir. Uygun bulma sonucunda işgören ve işsahibi arasındaki hukuki ilişkiye, başlangıcından itibaren uygun düştüğü ölçüde vekâlet hükümleri uygulanır. Bunun yanında uygun bulmanın hangi vekâletsiz işgörme türlerine uygulanacağı tartışmalıdır. İsabetli olan yaklaşıma göre uygun bulma, ancak gerçek vekâletsiz işgörmede söz konusu olabilir.
Challenges and Legal Certainty of Land Rights for the Bajo Tribe in the Context of SDG 15: Perspective of Building Use Rights and Ownership Rights
Authors: Sarni  , Noor Syamsuddin Muhammad , Pide Andi Suriyaman , Lahae Kahar , Intan Wa Ode , Irsan
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study aims to analyze and determine the legal certainty of land rights for the Bajo tribe, which lives in the sea waters. In line with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 15, which promotes sustainable use of ecosystems and the rights of indigenous communities, this study highlights the importance of securing the Bajo Tribe’s land rights.
 
Method: The research method used is empirical legal research, which uses empirical facts taken from human behavior. The collected data were analyzed using qualitative legal analysis methods, and the results were presented using descriptive-analytical methods.
 
Results and Discussion: The conclusions from this research show that the Bajo Tribe has a legal basis for obtaining legal certainty over the area where they live. The state now recognizes the Bajo Tribe community, which lives on the sea, by issuing HGB certificates. It has a maximum period of 30 years and can be extended for 20 years. Furthermore, HGB can be upgraded to Freehold Rights by applying with the provision that the HGB is still valid or has expired and in the name of the rights holder who is still alive or deceased.
Analysis of Free Lunch Policy In Indonesia: Comperative Study of Free Lunch Policies in Developed Countries
Authors: Nasrudin  , Perceka Andhika Lungguh , Maharani Dewi , Sari Ade Risna , Harahap Irwan Musriza , Berutu Edi Putra
Published: December 2024

Context: The context of this study relates to the effectiveness of the implementation of the free lunch policy in Indonesia, its opportunities, threats, advantages, and disadvantages. After analyzing the four points above, the researcher compared the implementation of the policy with a number of developed countries that have implemented the policy.
 
Objective: The object of this study aims to explain each of the shortcomings, advantages, opportunities, and threats in the implementation of the free lunch policy in Indonesia. The researcher also conducted a comparison with a number of developed countries that have implemented the policy to find out whether it is realistic or not if implemented in Indonesia.
 
Method: This research is a qualitative research with a comparative descriptive approach, namely an approach that describes in advance the existing problems, namely regarding the implementation of the policy, the definition of the policy, the definition of free lunch, its effectiveness, and its comparison with the implementation of the free lunch policy in developed countries. The data used in this study are secondary data that researchers obtain from various credible sources such as scientific journals, books, and scientific websites. The data obtained by researchers are collected and analyzed using the SWOT method to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the policy
 
Results: There are several points in the SWOT analysis that are in line with the explanations of previous researchers above. The implementation of the free lunch policy in Indonesia has a number of challenges and threats, namely a larger number of targets, large funds, and a low level of education. The consequences of these challenges can cause the implemented program to be in vain, not on target, and have a negative impact on other sectors that prove it. In line with the implementation of the lunch policy in other developed countries, this policy should be carried out in stages first so that what is issued only circulates in the tens to hundreds of billions, not trillions like the Prabowo-Gibran program. If it is proven to be successful and has a significant impact, it can be continued to be added according to existing needs.
 
Contribution: The researcher's great hope is that each input, idea, and concept in this research can be the main reference in formulating the budget, targets, and so on related to the implementation of the free lunch policy as a flagship program of the Indonesian President Prabowo and the Indonesian Vice President Gobran Rakabuming Raka. The researcher also hopes that this article can also be the main reference for other researchers who will study similar themes and titles.
The Influence of Human Resources, Communication and Simbg Applications on Disposition In Improving the Quality of Building Permit Services as SDGs in East Java Province
Authors: Riau Dwi Putranto , Harta Ridho , Diana Bambang Agus
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Quality Building Permit Services are needed in the Building Information System (SIMBG) licensing process so that it runs smoothly and ets building reliability requirements
This research aims to analyze the influence of human resources, communications, and the SIMBG application on the quality of building permit services through disposition to Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all, and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levelsas SDGs
 
Theoretical Framework: The theory used is project management by Kerzner (2013), cost management stages by expert Gunn (2017), and risk management to be effective by Santosa (2009)
 
Methods: This research uses a mixed method with quantitative methods in assessing building permit applicants regarding the quality of building permit services and descriptive qualitative methods by evaluating the results of the assessment of building permit applications by organizers using a case study approach. Primary data from applicant questionnaires regarding licensing implementation and evaluation of applicant results are collected through Forum Group Discussion (FGD), and secondary data is collected through books, journals, and websites. Data analysis with questionnaires using the SMART PLS application and interactive analysis, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion.
 
Results and Discussion: The research resulted in the Human Resources, Communication, and SIMBG application factors influencing the quality of Licensing Services through the disposition of licensing implementers carried out by the Madiun City Government and Gresik Regency. Improving the quality of building permits for the community by improving human resources, communication, and disposition in completing building permit applications.
 
Conclusions: The influence of human resources, communication, and SIMBG applications on the quality of building permit services. The study's results also provide an overview of the influence of internal factors and the SIMBG application on the quality of building permit services. The findings show that HR overall influences the quality of building permits and must pay attention to disposition factors and develop SIMBG applications, communications, and HR, as well as adoption capabilities in all building permit service activities. Other findings show that disposition significantly influences the value chain, thereby providing added value to the quality of building permit services
Fair Pricing Formulation for Palm Oil Fresh Fruit Bunch Produced by Smallholder Farmers: A Development Method to Form a More Effective Formula for Palm Oil Fresh Fruit Bunch Pricing to Achieve a Fair Price for Smallholder Farmers
Authors: Judijanto Loso , Pamungkas Dimas Haryo
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The study aims to address the disparity in pricing received by smallholder farmers for their palm oil fresh fruit bunches (FFBs). It seeks to establish a fair pricing formula that balances the interests of smallholder farmers and crude palm oil (CPO) mills, ensuring the sustainability of smallholder farming practices and supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
 
Methods: The research models the cost structures of palm oil smallholder farmers and CPO mills over a 30-year investment horizon. Using profitability analyses and the constraint that the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) for smallholder farmers is greater than or equal to the IRR of CPO mills, the study derives a pricing formula. The proposed formula calculates the price of FFBs (PFFB) as a function of the price of CPO (PCPO) and oil extraction yield (OER), supported by statistical simulations.
 
Results: The study presents a pricing equation, PFFB = -2438.7971 + 0.1784 PCPO + 10219.2072 OER, which is transparent and based on significant parameters. The formula provides a practical approach to determining a fair price for FFBs, ensuring equitable profit distribution between smallholder farmers and CPO mills. This eliminates the need for prolonged negotiations while fostering sustainability and financial stability for smallholder farmers.
 
Conclusion: The proposed pricing formula offers a straightforward and equitable method for determining FFB prices, aligning the profitability of smallholder farmers and CPO mills. This approach supports the palm oil industry's sustainability objectives and contributes to achieving the SDGs by empowering smallholder farmers and promoting fair trade practices.
Integration of Sustainable Food Systems into Innovative Cuisine in Cittaslow Cities: The Case of Gerze
Authors: Karaçar Ercan , Ünal Aydın , Çilesiz Emre , Atak Onur
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The study aims to explore the extent to which local products are incorporated into the culinary practices of businesses and chefs in Gerze, a cittaslow city since 2017. It also seeks to evaluate the integration of these products into innovative culinary approaches and their impact on sustainable gastronomy tourism.
 
Methods: The research employed a qualitative approach, using intentional judgmental sampling to select participants. In-depth interviews with semi-structured questions were conducted with 15 businesses and 15 chefs from the district to gather insights on their understanding and use of local gastronomic heritage.
 
Results: Findings reveal that both businesses and chefs possess adequate knowledge about gastronomy and the cittaslow movement. While they acknowledge the positive impact of gastronomic products and dishes on tourism, their use of such products is limited due to various challenges. Businesses show a favorable attitude towards innovative culinary practices, whereas chefs display a more negative stance. Additionally, the unsustainability of gastronomic products is identified as a key issue hindering the achievement of sustainability in gastronomy tourism.
 
Conclusion: To promote sustainable gastronomy tourism, it is essential to increase collaboration between local communities and relevant organizations, enhance education levels, adopt natural agricultural practices, and prioritize the use and sale of local products within businesses. These measures can ensure the preservation and sustainable development of Gerze's gastronomic heritage.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Internal Control as Fraud Prevention in the Kupang City Government
Authors:   Study Program of Accountant Profession (PPAk), Business & Economic Faculty, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta—Indonesia, Purnayuda Maria Kurnia , Tjakrawala F.X. Kurniawan ,   Study Program of Accountant Profession (PPAk), Business & Economic Faculty, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta—Indonesia
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of the Internal Control System (ICS) in financial management and Government Regulation (PP) No. 06 of 2008 as a fraud prevention measure. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach. Primary data were gathered through questionnaire about internal control system, completed by relevant officials, which where supplemented by additional insights obtained from interviews.

Meanwhile, secondary data were sourced from the Summary of Audit Results (IHPD) for the East Nusa Tenggara Province. Given the paucity of research on internal control-based auditing in the government sector and the rising instances of corruption in public financial accountability and operations, it is critical to delve deeper into this issue to investigate the effectiveness of internal controls in preventing fraud within the government. This study identifies the causes of compliance findings in the Financial Statements of the Regional Government of Kupang City for the 2023 Fiscal Year, analyzed them in relation to the effectiveness of the Internal Control System (ICS). The findings reveal that ineffective implementation of internal control is a significant factor contributing to compliance violations of regulations, which result in state or regional losses that require recovery.
Gestión del Talento Humano como factor clave para el emprendimiento sostenible
Authors: Nieves Álvarez Maybeth , Bracho Oditza Anacrina , Acurero Marilú Tibisay
Published: December 2024

El Talento humano y el emprendimiento sostenible son dos conceptos que se complementan y son importantes para el crecimiento y la competitividad de las empresas en el ámbito de la sostenibilidad, tema que en este siglo XXI es de vital importancia para el desarrollo organizacional en cuanto al ambito ambiental, social y económico. Es por ello que la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la gestión del talento humano como proceso clave para el emprendimiento sostenible desarrollada bajo un enfoque cualitativo, de alcance descriptivo y diseño documental, utilizando fuentes secundarias para la recolección de la información, haciendo inferencias sobre los postulados de autores como Rodríguez (2016), Chirinos et al.,(2019), Caro y Blanco (2021) y Muñoz (2020). Una vez realizado un análisis comparativo en las definiciones planteadas por los autores mencionados y a través de una sinopsis se puede concluir que la sostenibilidad en los emprendimientos está definida por 3 dimensiones: económica, social y ambiental y por consiguiente para garantizar la competitividad estas empresas emergentes deben valorar su talento humano gestionando todos los procesos y subprocesos que ello implica también bajo un enfoque de sostenibilidad, esto significa que la gestión del talento humano se debe realizar también desde tres dimensiones de sostenibilidad, una social que contemple el desarrollo de los colaboradores, la diversidad e inclusión, cultura organizacional sostenible centrada en las personas, flexibilidad y transparencia, otra económica en la que se garanticen sistemas retributivos sostenibles y una dimensión ambiental que apueste al bienestar y salud de sus colaboradores a través del cumplimiento de las normas de seguridad e higiene así como al logro de la reducción de la huella ambiental.
Reassessment of the species “Podocnemis” brasiliensis Staesche, 1937 (Testudines, Pleurodira, Pelomedusoides)
Authors:   , Diniz Joaquin Pedro Bogado
Published: December 2024

The Bauru Group is a sedimentary sequence of the Paraná Basin, dated to the Late Cretaceous. Its palaeofaunistical assemblage includes a rich record of turtles of the lineage Podocnemidoidae, but many of the taxa that have been described from this geologic unit have an uncertain taxonomy. An example is the species “Podocnemis” brasiliensis, known from a single fragmentary plastron and regarded by many authors as a nomen dubium. The discovery of specimen FFP PG 218, comparable to “Podocnemis” brasiliensis, permitted the attribution of this specimen to this taxon, adding to its hypodigm. The new fossil preserves anatomical parts that are lacking in the type specimen of “P.” brasiliensis, permitting an amendment to the species’ diagnosis, with the addition of new diagnostic characteristics. With the new diagnosis, it was possible to revisit specimens that had been attributed to the species “P.” brasiliensis in the past, and assess whether they could really be attributed to this taxon. The revision showed that none of the past attributions can be confirmed. However, there are two occurrences of specimens similar to “P.” brasiliensis that were compared to this species through the use of open taxonomy modifiers, indicating the uncertainty behind these associations. A geometric morphometric analysis was performed using the epiplastra of the turtles of the Bauru Group, with the aim of evaluating the shape variation of this structure. The analysis recovered considerable variation described by three principal components, linked mainly to changes in the width of the intergular scute and the length of the epiplastron as a whole. The morphometric analysis also corroborated the current taxonomy of Bauru Group forms, organizing the sampled individuals in a way similar to the previously proposed taxonomic groupings, with “P.” brasiliensis appearing as a distinct taxon. To assess the relevance of shell thickness as a diagnostic characteristic in alpha- taxonomy, correlation tests and linear regressions were run using a sample of living and extinct Podocnemidoidae, as well as subsets for three taxa of the Bauru Group. It was not possible to make a subset out of “P.” brasiliensis due to the small number of available specimens. The analysis indicated that the shell of Roxochelys wanderleyi is proportionally thicker than that of other Podocnemidoidae. Still, the results show that the proportional thickness of the shell exhibits considerable intra- specific variation, and that the allometric effect of the regressions recovered from the whole sample and the subsets is rather subtle, not very different from isometry. Keywords: podocnemidoidae; bauru group; geometric morphometric analysis; epiplastron; shell thickness; alpha-taxonomy
New Justifications for the Ballistic Structure and Motion Scheme of Photons
Authors:   Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Transport Technologies and Mechanical Engineering, Kherson State Maritime Academy, Ukraine, Nastasenko Valentyn
Published: December 2024

The work relates to the fundamentals of quantum physics and photonics, in particular to the formation of ballistic photons, as well as to the parameters
of their structure and processes of their motion. The study of these problems is an important and urgent task for understanding the foundations of the
material world, which has not yet been fully resolved. At present, a wide range of electromagnetic waves is referred to as photons or quanta of wave
radiation. But it is necessary to highlight the waves of the optical range of 380 – 760 nm, associated with photons – the only massless physical particles
in the material world. This led to an attempt to abandon photons as physical particles and replace them with wave radiation. In addition to the problem
of mass, the problem of ballistic photons and the motion pattern is acute. Its solution is the main goal of the work performed, and new confirmations of
the ballistic motion of photons as an electromagnetic wave and as a physical particle within the duality of its existence is its scientific novelty.
Research Methods: Since this work has the level of scientific discovery, for finding which strict methods have not yet been created, therefore, general
principles of development of the theory of scientific knowledge were used, based on the laws of dialectics and consistency with the basic laws of physics.
The author's research methodology was also used, based on the transition to the initial quantum level of the material world and the processes occurring
at the same time.
New Results of the Work and their Discussion: It is shown that photons are dual matter-wave physical objects, in which the properties of an electromagnetic
wave prevail when they move at the speed of light, and the properties of a material particle are manifested when they slow down or meet an obstacle. The
rectilinearity of their movement reduces them to ballistic ones. In this case, photons are transformed into spherical waves of Planck thickness 4.05×10-
35 m, with a transverse surface of the sphere of 1 steradian, the radius of which and half the length of its arc are equal to the wavelength of radiation
λmax, and spherical waves rotate perpendicular to the vector of their motion. When reflected from a mirror surface, they turn inside out, preserving
the previous direction of rotation, and a change in the vector of the direction of motion makes them antiphotons, in which the spin and direction of the
right and left mapping change.
Conclusions: All photons are ballistic, from their emission to absorption or re-emission. Other types of photons and their motion by re-emission of
energy make up an insignificant part of their total number. There are possibilities for experimental confirmation of the obtained results, to which all
laboratories and researchers with such capabilities are invited.
Towards a process model of supervision in social work– a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Vîșcu Loredana-Ileana , Rad Dana
Published: December 2024

Supervision plays a pivotal role in social work, ensuring ethical practices, professional growth, and the delivery of quality services. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to explore the evolving conceptualizations and applications of supervision in social work. Using the Web of Science Core Collection, a search for studies with "supervision AND social work" in their titles yielded 246 works. Full bibliographic records were downloaded and analyzed using VOSviewer software. A co-occurrence analysis of all keywords, with a minimum occurrence threshold of one, identified 89 keywords relevant to the topic. Excluded terms included regional and cultural-specific terms such as "England," "Ontario," and "Maori concepts," to maintain a focused and universal scope. The analysis revealed several thematic clusters encompassing clinical supervision, external supervision, crisis management, and child welfare supervision, among others. Notable themes include the intersection of supervision with burnout, cultural competence, and outcomes, highlighting its complex nature. The study emphasizes the significance of supervision frameworks tailored to diverse contexts and professional roles within social work. The findings contribute to the development of a process model for supervision, offering insights for researchers, educators, and practitioners to enhance supervisory practices. By identifying critical trends and gaps, this bibliometric analysis provides a foundation for future investigations aimed at refining supervision processes in social work.
Challenges to Effective Strategy Implementation and the Effect of Organisational Culture on Strategy Implementation for Medium-Sized Malaysian Construction Contractors.
Authors: Saari Mohd Nasir
Published: December 2024

Business organisations operate within a perpetually dynamic environment amid the complexities of globalisation and technological advancements. This study investigates the prevailing organisational cultures: clan, market, hierarchy, and adhocracy—among medium-sized construction contractors in Malaysia and examines their influence on strategic implementation challenges. Organisational culture is crucial for sustaining a competitive advantage; however, misalignment with strategic execution can lead to organisational failure. The findings indicate that the sampled organisations exhibit characteristics of all four cultural types. Nevertheless, market culture is notably recognised for enhancing competitiveness within the Malaysian construction industry. This study, however, is limited by its focus on medium-sized contractors, which may not represent the broader industry dynamics. Future research could explore how these findings apply across different sizes and types of organisations within the sector.
Development and Validation of Domain-Specific Grit Scale for Prisoners in Criminal Justice System in Kenya
Authors: Juma Mahlon
Published: December 2024

Grit – defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals has been considered a prognosticator and requisite trait of success and achievement and has been utilizing the domain-general Grit-S – for its good internal consistency, and test-retest stability. The domain-specific aspects of grit are required and a valid tool has been an imperative need. This quantitative study introduced the Prison Grit Scale (P-GS) to recidivists (N =418) selected through purposive and systematic random sampling to ascertain the reliability and validity using the partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results demonstrate that P-GS possesses good psychometric properties. The factor loadings of courage, conscientiousness, excellence, resilience, and optimism were between 0.754 – 0.836, thus acceptable. P-GS’s composite reliability of 0.895 is acceptable; a value greater than the recommended 0.70, and the rho-a value of 0.857 falls between Cronbach’s Alpha (0.853) and composite reliability (0.895). The convergent validity’s average variance extract was 0.631; above the accepted threshold of 0.50. Lastly, discriminant validity using Fornell and Larcker indicator loadings scored 0.794 and fell between 0.65 and 0.85. The conclusion is that P-GS has good internal reliability and convergent and discriminant validity. This implies the support of domain-specific aspects of grit and can benefit positive psychology researchers in the criminal justice system. A convergent parallel design in a mixed method is recommended for future research, utilizing more women respondents.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on Suicidal Behavior among Refugees in Kakuma Camp in Turkana County, Kenya
Authors: Ngonoi Lillian , K’Okul Florence S. A
Published: December 2024

The International Rescue Committee reports a rise in suicide rates among refugees in Kakuma camp, Kenya. The paper’s objective was to assess the influence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) on suicidal behavior among refugees in kakuma camp in Turkana County, Kenya. The study adopted the suicide theory of hopelessness. A descriptive research survey design was used to address the study variables. The target population for the study was 178,204 refugees, drawn from Kakuma refugee camp data and 24 refugee leaders and 40 individuals from section leaders, camp chairpersons, representatives from Kakuma MHPSS TWG, communication coordinators and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). A sample of 384 refugees was determined using Cochran sampling formula. The researcher collected primary data from the population using a structured questionnaire for refugees and interview guide for key informants. Quantitative data gathered from the research study was analyzed qualitatively with the use descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages and inferential statistics such as multiple regression analysis. This was achieved by using SPSS version 26. The living condition in the camp is characterized by depression, stress and helplessness. The conditions in refugee camps trigger memories of traumatic events, therefore, causing suicide ideation. Many refugees were found to have experienced traumatic events such as violence these experiences can trigger suicidal thoughts µ = 4.5 > 3. The resultant regression coefficient was 𝛃1 = 0.754, p-value = 0.003 < 0.05. This implies that PTSD among refugees significantly influences suicidal behaviours which is significant at 5 % levels of significance. This study finding provides policymakers, UN and NGO agencies, government institutions, refugees, and donor communities with information that would help them develop other intervention strategies for reducing suicidal behavior among refugees.
Desinformazioa sareko kanpainetan: Publizitate politikoaren gardentasun eta segmentazioari buruzko (EB) Erregelamenduaren testuinguru eta ondorioak
Authors: Lauzirika Ansola Iker
Published: December 2024

Este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender el recién aprobado Reglamento (UE) sobre transparencia y segmentación de la publicidad política. Para ello, primero se analiza el contexto del Reglamento y, después, se analizan sus consecuencias en la difusión de la desinformación. Para analizar dichas circunstancias, se analiza qué es la publicidad política en línea, para qué sirve y cuál es su relación con la desinformación, mayormente a través de la academia de las ciencias sociales. Una vez decidido el objeto de la regulación, se hace un breve repaso de la normativa vigente hasta la fecha, con el fin de identificar posibles carencias. Una vez establecido el contexto del Reglamento, el artículo entra en su contenido con la intención de ofrecer una imagen general del texto normativo, analizando sus medidas más relevantes. Finalmente, se realiza una valoración de las medidas analizadas con el fin de determinar hasta qué punto reducen el fenómeno de la desinformación inicialmente analizada. Tras toda la investigación, se concluye que el Reglamento acierta a hacer frente a los problemas planteados inicialmente y a las carencias de la normativa actualmente vigente. Además, en consonancia con la doctrina constitucional hasta ahora, consigue este objetivo sin controlar los contenidos de la publicidad política. Por último, se señala que el Reglamento refuerza la comunicación política a través de la comunidad, incidiendo en el impacto que ello puede tener en el incremento de la desinformación.
A sombra da toga: laicidade, neoconservadorismo religiosoe disputas no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro
Authors: Tesser T. P. , Marsicano A. C. O
Published: December 2024

Neste capítulo, tem-se como ponto de partida o contexto dos últimos anos de grande inserção e investimento de atores cristãos não comprometidos com a democraciana participação das esferas social, política e econômica. Diante disso, analisa o ataque abertamente antidemocrático por parte de atores cristãos conservadores que se valem de sua presença no judiciário para disputara hegemonia cultural da sociedade. Ao analisar a presença desses atores e as relações de disputa instituídas na sociedade, a laicidade torna-se tanto um vetor relevante em nossas análises, como um horizonte importante para termos em mente, refletindo o modelo de sociedade em que nós, enquanto pesquisadoras, acreditamos.Destacamos a inesgotável fonte de interpretações na literatura acadêmica sobre a temática da laicidade e a especificidade ao tratarmos da conjuntura latino-americana, e buscamos apontar ao longo do texto,três hipóteses relacionadas à laicidade ao tratarmos da participação de cristãos na política brasileira. Essas hipóteses envolvem a religião a partir do seu recorte neoconservador, a investida de atores cristãos em disputarem no espaço público regimes de moralidade, reagindo frente ao
avanço do pluralismo político e cultural, e a participação de atores cristãos no campo jurídico, destacando a participação do Instituto Brasileiro de Direito e Religião (IDBR).
Vibrio ponticus and Vibrio harveyi infection in snubnose pompano, Trachinotus blochii, from marine aquarium
Authors: Řehulka Jiří , Havlíčková (Marejková) Monika , Petráš Petr , Peková Soňa
Published: December 2024

Vibriosis in a mixed community with Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio ponticus in adult snubnose pompano, Trachinotus blochii, is documented from a marine aquarium. The disease was clinically manifested by reduced feeding activity, lethargy, abnormal swimming behaviour, extensive and focal superficial ulceration in dorsal region, and mild opaque eye with haemorrhage. Histopathological examinations revealed moderate to severe epidermal necrosis and ulceration with scale pocket and dermal oedema. Scales were often displaced, distored or absent in skin sections. Cutaneous lesions were associated with a lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate noted multifocally throughout the dermal layers. Grossly, the hepatopancreas had an area of pallor; on histological examination, the hepatopancreas displayed hepatocyte vacuolation and congestion.
The Impact of Isha Yoga Practices on Mental and Physical Well-being: A Narrative Synthesis of Current Literature.
Authors: Giridharan Selvaraj , Soumian Soni , Pandiyan Bhuvana
Published: December 2024

Isha Yoga is a comprehensive approach that integrates yogic practices such as  Isha Kriya, Shambhavi Mahamudra, Upa Yoga, and the Samyama program. These practices  have garnered attention for their potential health benefits including stress reduction,  emotional equilibrium, and enhanced physical well-being. This review aimed to evaluate  the impact of Isha Yoga on physical and mental health outcomes by analysing evidence from  randomised controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, and survey-based research. Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple academic  databases, including studies published between 1990 and 2024. The inclusion criteria were  Studies investigating the effects of Isha Yoga on mental health, physical health, and quality of  life were included. Eligible studies were categorised as RCTs, observational studies, or survey based studies. Quality assessments were performed using established tools, including the  Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational  studies, and CHERRIES for survey studies. Results:Seventeen studies were included in the review, comprising three RCTs, 11  observational studies, and three surveys. Evidence from high-quality RCTs suggests that  Isha Yoga practices significantly reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, while enhancing  mental well-being. Observational studies and surveys have reported improvements in  cardiovascular health, metabolic markers, and the overall quality of life. However, the  strength of the evidence varies: the most robust findings relate to mental health outcomes,  whereas physical health benefits rely on moderate-quality observational evidence. Conclusion: Isha Yoga demonstrates promising benefits for both mental and physical health,  particularly in reducing stress and anxiety, and improving emotional well-being. However,  further high-quality research is necessary to corroborate these effects and investigate  underlying mechanisms, such as autonomic regulation and neuroplasticity. Future studies  should explore the long-term impacts of these practices and their potential role in holistic  health strategies to promote sustainable well-being.
Medicinal Plants Used for Hepatoprotective Activity: A Focus on Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. and Piper longum L.
Authors: Garg Shubham , Savanur Prasanna V , Gupta Ramji , Sharma Nitya
Published: December 2024

The liver is vital for numerous physiological functions, including metabolism,  detoxification, and immune regulation. Hepatic diseases, which may arise  from infections, drugs, alcohol, toxins, and metabolic disorders, represent a  major global health challenge. Traditional medicine has provided a wealth  of plant-based remedies for liver protection. This review aims to evaluate  and compare the hepatoprotective activity of several medicinal plants in rats,  with a focus on Picrorhiza kurroa, Piper longum, Silybum marianum, and  Andrographis paniculata. By examining their phytochemical composition,  mechanisms of action, and the experimental evidence from rat models, we  present a comprehensive understanding of their hepatoprotective potential  and therapeutic value. The liver is a highly regenerative organ but is prone to damage  from various insults, including chemicals (e.g., CCl₄), drugs  (e.g., acetaminophen), infections (e.g., hepatitis), and  metabolic disturbances (e.g., fatty liver disease). Traditional  medicinal plants have been used across cultures for centuries  to support liver function and treat liver-related ailments. [1] This review focuses on evaluating medicinal plants with demonstrated hepatoprotective effects in experimental rat models. Rats are commonly used to study liver damage