bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rational number vortex beam multiplier and divider based on an Archimedean spiral mapping
Authors: Cheng Jie , Wan Chenhao
Published: November 2023

Orbital angular momentum (OAM), as an extra dimension of light, holds substantial potential in both classical and quantum optical communication systems. In such systems, the ability to arbitrarily convert the OAM of light is of great importance. In this work, we demonstrate an arbitrary rational number of multiplication and division of the OAM of light based on an Archimedean spiral mapping. Both the simulation and experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of this scheme. This work provides a practical method to manipulate the OAM mode space of light that is directly applicable to high-dimensional optical communication systems.
Single-frequency optical parametric oscillator intracavity-pumped by a visible VECSEL for low-noise down-conversion to 1.55 µm
Authors: Anderson Steven , Moriya Paulo Hisao , Caspani Lucia , Hastie Jennifer E.
Published: November 2023

We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped by a visible AlGaInP-based vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL). Tunable emission over 1155–1300 nm in the signal and 1474–1718 nm in the idler are observed by temperature adjustment of a 40 mm-long 5%-MgO:PPLN crystal intracavity-pumped at 690 nm. When optimized for low oscillation threshold, and by implementing resonant idler output-coupling (Toc = 1.7%), extracted output powers of 26.2 mW (signal) and 5.6 mW (idler; one-way) are measured, corresponding to a total down-conversion efficiency and extraction efficiency of 70.2% and 43%, respectively. Further, a total down-conversion efficiency of 72.1% is achieved in the absence of idler output-coupling. Of particular interest for high-precision applications, including quantum optics experiments and squeezed light generation, high stability and single-frequency operation are also demonstrated. We measure RMS stabilities of 0.4%, 1.8% and 2.3% for the VECSEL fundamental, signal and idler, with (resolution-limited) frequency linewidths of 2.5 MHz (VECSEL) and 7.5 MHz (signal and idler).
Five families of diverse DNA viruses comprehensively restructure the nucleus
Authors: Rosemarie Quincy , Sugden Bill
Published: November 2023

Many viruses have evolved ways to restructure their host cell’s nucleus profoundly and unexpectedly upon infection. In particular, DNA viruses that need to commandeer their host’s cellular synthetic functions to produce their progeny can induce the condensation and margination of host chromatin during productive infection, a phenomenon known as virus-induced reorganization of cellular chromatin (ROCC). These ROCC-inducing DNA viruses belong to 5 families (herpesviruses, baculoviruses, adenoviruses, parvoviruses, and geminiviruses) that infect a wide range of hosts and are important for human and ecosystem health, as well as for biotechnology. Although the study of virus-induced ROCC is in its infancy, investigations are already raising important questions, such as why only some DNA viruses that replicate their genomes in the nucleus elicit ROCC. Studying the shared and distinct properties of ROCC-inducing viruses will provide valuable insights into viral reorganization of host chromatin that could have implications for future therapies that target the viral life cycle.
CT scan pancreatic cancer segmentation and classification using deep learning and the tunicate swarm algorithm
Authors: Gandikota Hari Prasad , S. Abirami , M. Sunil Kumar
Published: November 2023

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a very lethal disease with a low survival rate, making timely and accurate diagnoses critical for successful treatment. PC classification in computed tomography (CT) scans is a vital task that aims to accurately discriminate between tumorous and non-tumorous pancreatic tissues. CT images provide detailed cross-sectional images of the pancreas, which allows oncologists and radiologists to analyse the characteristics and morphology of the tissue. Machine learning (ML) approaches, together with deep learning (DL) algorithms, are commonly explored to improve and automate the performance of PC classification in CT scans. DL algorithms, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are broadly utilized for medical image analysis tasks, involving segmentation and classification. This study explores the design of a tunicate swarm algorithm with deep learning-based pancreatic cancer segmentation and classification (TSADL-PCSC) technique on CT scans. The purpose of the TSADL-PCSC technique is to design an effectual and accurate model to improve the diagnostic performance of PC. To accomplish this, the TSADL-PCSC technique employs a W-Net segmentation approach to define the affected region on the CT scans. In addition, the TSADL-PCSC technique utilizes the GhostNet feature extractor to create a group of feature vectors. For PC classification, the deep echo state network (DESN) model is applied in this study. Finally, the hyperparameter tuning of the DESN approach occurs utilizing the TSA which assists in attaining improved classification performance. The experimental outcome of the TSADL-PCSC method was tested on a benchmark CT scan database. The obtained outcomes highlighted the significance of the TSADL-PCSC technique over other approaches to PC classification.
Seeing the unseen: Comparison study of representation approaches for biochemical processes in education
Authors: Pokojná Hana , Kozlíková Barbora , Berry Drew , Kriglstein Simone , Furmanová Katarína
Published: November 2023

The representations of biochemical processes must balance visual portrayals with descriptive content to be an effective learning tool. To determine what type of representation is the most suitable for education, we designed five different representations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and examined how they are perceived. Our representations consisted of an overview of the process in a detailed and abstract illustrative format, continuous video formats with and without narration, and a combined illustrative overview with dynamic components. The five representations were evaluated by non-experts who were randomly assigned one of them and experts who viewed and compared all five representations. Subsequently, we conducted a focus group on the outcomes of these evaluations, which gave insight into possible explanations of our results, where the non-experts preferred the detailed static representation and found the narrated video least helpful, in contradiction to the experts who favored the narrated video the most.
Hepatitis B vaccination status and knowledge, attitude, and practice towards Hepatitis B virus among medical sciences students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Naqid Ibrahim A. , Mosa Ahmed A. , Ibrahim Shah Vahel , Ibrahim Nizar Hussein , Hussein Nawfal R.
Published: November 2023

Background and aims

Healthcare staff are at high risk of occupational exposure to Hepatitis B and other blood-borne diseases. Lack of education about the knowledge of Hepatitis B virus contributes to an increase in cases. This study aims to determine the knowledge of the Hepatitis B virus among the medical professionals in Duhok province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and to determine their knowledge of the importance of vaccination.

Materials and methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Duhok province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, among medical science students from November 2022 to February 2023 and a total of 511 students participated in the study. A Self-administered questionnaire comprising 22 items categorized into five sections was distributed to the students either electronically or by paper and pen method. The survey utilized a Five-point Likert scale when assessing respondents’ opinions on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP). Microsoft Excel and GraphPad Prism 9 were used for statistical analysis.

Results

A total of 511 responses were collected from medical, dental, pharmacy, and laboratory students. The average age of the participants was 20.74 ±1.43 years. Among the respondents, only 96 (18.8%) were fully vaccinated against the Hepatitis B virus (received 3 or more doses of the vaccine), while 294 (57.5%) were not vaccinated. Lack of vaccination programs was the major reason for not receiving a vaccination (n = 182, 62%). About 286 (55.96%) of the participants had good knowledge, attitude, and practice on Hepatitis B, manifesting median scores of 26, 18, and 20, respectively.

Conclusion

In our study, half of the students were found to be unvaccinated, mainly due to the absence of vaccination programs. Vaccinated students exhibited better knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the infection than non-vaccinated students. Therefore, we recommend the implementation of a vaccination program as well as training on infection prevention guidelines to increase awareness and encourage vaccination.
Talent management of international nurses in healthcare settings: A systematic review
Authors: Zulfiqar Sidra Hareem , Ryan Nuala , Berkery Elaine , Odonnell Claire , Purtil Helen , O’Malley Bernadette
Published: November 2023

Aim

To identify and systematically review current scholarship on talent management of international nurses in healthcare organizations.

Background

As nurse shortages persistently pose challenges for healthcare organizations globally, one of the primary strategies employed to address these shortages is employment of international nurses. To date little has been done to systematically review and collate contemporary research on talent management of this strategically important cohort. Talent management is a holistic construct that can support healthcare organizations to attract, develop, motivate, and retain talented employees to drive organizational performance. This systematic review isolates, appraises and collates available evidence on talent management practices for international nurses.

Study design

Systematic literature review.

Data sources

Searches of PubMed, EBSCO and Scopus were made covering literature from 2012–2022.

Review methods

This study followed Cochrane protocol for Systematic Reviews and key search terms were developed in consultation with University of Limerick library. As a key aim of the review was to provide evidence for the development of effective talent management practices, only peer-reviewed academic papers and empirical studies were included. Initial articles screening was conducted by two reviewers and full articles review was conducted by the entire research team. Findings were combined in a data extraction template for further analysis.

Results

This review includes 62 articles thematically analysed under the headings recruitment and selection, retention and turnover, career progression, professional development, discrimination and racism, culture and communication.

Conclusion

No articles were found that directly address talent management for international nurses. Although there are studies that address aspects of talent management independently, more research is required on talent management as a holistic process for international nurses to inform evidence-based practice.

Impact

This research emphasizes the importance of talent management for retention of international nurses in healthcare settings. It provides a knowledge base for healthcare organisations to enhance employee retention and ensure quality care for patients, as well as setting the foundation for future studies in this area.
Divergences and gaps in life expectancy and health-adjusted life expectancy in Mexico: Contribution analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Agudelo-Botero Marcela , Dávila-Cervantes Claudio A. , Velasco-Calderón Omar , Giraldo-Rodríguez Liliana
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Life expectancy (LE) and Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) are summary indicators that reflect a population’s general life conditions and measure inequities in health outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify the differences in LE and HALE by sex, age group, and state in Mexico from 1990 to 2019. Also, to evaluate whether the changes in HALE are related to sociodemographic indicators and indicators of access to and quality of health services.

Methods

A secondary analysis was performed based on the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD). Data were obtained for LE (by sex and state) and HALE (by sex, age group, and state) for the years 1990, 2010, and 2019. The correlations between HALE with the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and with the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index were estimated for 1990 and 2019 (by total population and sex).

Results

LE and HALE had an absolute increase of 6.7% and 6.4% from 1990 to 2019, mainly among women, although they spent more years in poor health (11.8 years) than men. The patterns of LE and HALE were heterogeneous and divergent by state. In 2019, the difference in HALE (for both sex) between the states with the highest (Hidalgo) and the lowest (Chiapas) value was 4.6 years.

Conclusions

Progress in LE and HALE has slowed in recent years; HALE has even had setbacks in some states. Gaps between men and women, as well as between states, are persistent. Public and population policymaking should seek to lengthen LE and focus on ensuring that such years are spent in good health and with good quality of life.
The functional role of visual information and fixation stillness in the quiet eye
Authors: Harris David J. , Wilson Mark R. , Vine Samuel J.
Published: November 2023

The final fixation to a target in far-aiming tasks, known as thequiet eye, has been consistently identified as an important perceptual-cognitive variable for task execution. Yet, despite a number of proposed mechanisms it remains unclear whether the fixation itself is driving performance effects or is simply an emergent property of underpinning cognitions. Across two pre-registered studies, novice golfers (n= 127) completed a series of golf putts in a virtual reality simulation to examine the function of the quiet eye in the absence of visual information. In experiment 1 participants maintained a quiet eye fixation even when all visual information was occluded. Visual occlusion did significantly disrupt motor skill accuracy, but the effect was relatively small (89cm vs 105cm radial error, std. beta = 0.25). In experiment 2, a ‘noisy eye’ was induced using covertly moving fixation points, which disrupted skill execution (p= .04, BF = 318.07, std. beta = -0.25) even though visual input was equivalent across conditions. Overall, the results showed that performers persist with a long pre-shot fixation even in the absence of visual information, and that the stillness of this fixation confers a functional benefit that is not merely related to improved information extraction.
Highly Novel Diastereoselective Synthesis of (E)-1-Aryl-1-alkenes
Authors: Bhat Narayan G. , Lopez Percal
Published: November 2023

A convenient, novel synthesis of (E)-1-phenyl-1-alkenes based on (Z)-1-bromo-1-alkenylboronate esters will be developed. α-Bromo-(Z)-1-alkenylboronate esters readily available from literature procedures will undergo a reaction with phenyllithium in tetrahydrofuran to provide the corresponding “ate” complexes. These “ate” complexes will then undergo intramolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions to provide the corresponding (E)-1-alkenylboronate esters containing a phenyl moiety which upon protonolysis with acetic acid will afford the corresponding (E)-1-phenyl-1-alkenes. All (E)-1-phenyl-1-alkenes were characterized by PMR and CMR spectral data successfully.
Black Wo/men: What has the Spirit got to do with it?
Authors: López Rodríguez Marta Sofía
Published: November 2023

This essay explores how, within the framework of African Indigenous Religions, Western notions of sex, gender and sexuality, and social and subjective constructions of identity are destabilized, when read against non-European onto-epistemologies that prioritize the realm of the spiritual and the sacred. My analyses of Akwaeke Emezi’s
Freshwater (2018);
Black Bull, Ancestors and Me. My Life as a Lesbian Sangoma (2008), by Nkunzi Zandile Nkabinde, and Flora Nwapa’s
The Lake Goddess (1995), mostly undertaken in dialogue with black and African literary critics and theorists, also reveal the dynamism and intrinsic heterogeneity of contemporary African wo/men’s lives, texts and bodies. Outdoing (Eurocentric) accepted dichotomies between “tradition” and “modernity,” the “sacred” and the “secular,” the “human” and the “non-human,” or the “male” and the “female,” these texts invite us to think beyond an assumedly global discursive economy and to bring to the forefront the multiple possibilities of knowing and living in our transmodern pluriverse.
Diabetes mellitus e Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica: Perfil Clínico dos Usuários atendidos em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde na Paraíba
Authors: Freitas Sarah Vivian Gonçalves de , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de
Published: November 2023

O objetivo foi descrever o perfil clínico dos pacientes diabéticos e/ou hipertensos atendidos pela equipe da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) na zona rural do município de Imaculada-PB. Trata-se de um estudo documental, descritivo, de natureza quantitativa. Os dados foram obtidos e localizados através do Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão (PEC). Os achados demonstraram que houve predomínio de atendimentos a usuários do sexo feminino, com idades variadas e a maioria desses atendimentos foram realizados na Unidade Básica de Saúde. Para mais, evidenciam que a população de diabéticos e hipertensos cadastrada na UBS deste estudo, em maior parte, possuem Hipertensão sem complicações e com Diabetes não insulino-dependente. Assim, é imperativo o conhecimento das características dos pacientes hipertensos e/ou diabéticos e implementar uma abordagem dedicada que enfatize as práticas preventivas primárias e secundárias e o controle sustentado de múltiplos fatores de risco em pacientes com hipertensão e diabetes.
A sectoral approach to the Loss and Damage fund: exploring potential applications and guiding principles
Authors: Yaguma Penlope , Chin-Yee Simon , Vanhala Lisa , Maslin Mark , Taylor Richard , Parikh Priti , Roberts Carole , McGlade Jacqueline
Published: November 2023

After decades-long advocacy by developing countries, the establishment of a Loss and Damage (L&D) fund during COP27 was monumental. With the fund still in its infancy, we stress the need to understand the differentiation between the types of finance that are suitable for other forms of climate action from those required for addressing loss and damage. We consider potential applications of the funding in the fields of water resources, energy, transport, human rights and human security. Our sectoral analysis allows us to identify both some of the innovative ways in which loss and damage finance could build the climate resilience of societies while also encouraging the transition to cleaner forms of energy, transport and agriculture. We also suggest that loss and damage finance should be delivered in a way that is attentive to and able to redress some of the root causes of vulnerability while also providing developing countries with the support they most need in the face of climate impacts. We offer principles that could guide a high-functioning L&D fund: contribution into the fund, consistent contributions, clarity and governance, turnaround and response times, and transparency. Providing L&D funding should entail commitments to protecting and promoting human rights, and participatory and inclusive fund governance. Ultimately, the fund will need to be reactive to climate events yet proactive in understanding affected communities’ needs so that finance allocated is not just a band-aid solution but addresses the root causes of the vulnerabilities.
Laurencia mediterranea sp. nov. (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from the central Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Bartolo Angela G. , Zammit Gabrielle , Kytinou Eleni , Küpper Frithjof Christian
Published: November 2023

The identification of macroalgal species within the Laurencia complex is challenging, due to the presence of inconspicuous morphological characters, extensive variation in these traits and a diverse biogeography. Moreover, for a number of these species, no DNA sequence data are available in online databases. For this study, five algal specimens, tentatively assigned to Laurencia, were collected from Malta in the central Mediterranean Sea and studied using an integrative systematics approach. An analysis of the data resulted in the description of a new species, Laurencia mediterranea using combined morphological and molecular criteria, including COI-5P and rbcL. Morphologically L. mediterranea sp. nov. was distinct from other Laurencia spp. in the type of holdfast, the colour and shape of the thallus, the presence of secondary pit connections, lenticular thickenings and ‘corps en cerise’. Moreover, a new genetic species cluster indicated a separate taxon at the species level. Our study demonstrates that genetic sequences having clear links to sample metadata and digital herbaria are indispensable for macroalgal biodiversity research. This approach could offer a solution for algal taxonomy in cases where biogeography is important and limited sequence data exist in online DNA libraries.
Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean
Authors: Hernández-Becerril David U. , Pichardo-Velarde Jorge G. , Alonso-Rodríguez Rosalba , Maciel-Baltazar Ebodio , Morquecho Lourdes , Esqueda-Lara Karina , Barón-Campis Sofía A. , Quiroz-González Nataly
Published: November 2023

Species of the dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium are marine and planktonic forms, widely distributed, and some are recognized to form harmful algal blooms and to produce saxitoxins causing Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning in humans, and other toxins. We studied the species composition of Alexandrium in tropical and subtropical coastal areas of the Mexican Pacific: from the southern Gulf of California to the Gulf of Tehuantepec. Eleven Alexandrium species were identified, described, and illustrated using light microscopy, and occasionally scanning electron microscopy for certain species. Additionally, the genetic characterization of seven strains and four species, was performed, using sequences of the D1/D2 LSU rDNA and ITS regions. We identified the species (morphospecies): Alexandrium affine, A. gaarderae, A. globosum, A. leei, A. margalefii, A. minutum, A. monilatum, A. pseudogonyaulax, A. tamarense, A. tamiyavanichii, and A. tropicale. Of these, A. affine, A. leei, A. minutum, A. monilatum, A. pseudogonyaulax, A. tamarense and A. tamiyavanichii have been widely recognized as harmful algae. Alexandrium gaarderae, A. globosum and A. tropicale are new records for the Mexican Pacific. This is the first morphological documentation of A. pseudogonyaulax. Future studies of the genus might increase its species richness if more cultures are established and metabarcoding approach is used.
Removal efficiency of organic chloride from naphtha fraction using micro and nano-γ-Al2O3sintered adsorbents
Authors: Hosseingholilou Behnam , Arjang Samad , Saidi Majid
Published: November 2023

This research examines the removal efficiency of organic chloride (OC) compounds from the naphtha fraction of polluted crude oil (CO) using sintered micro and nano γ-Al2O3at a consistent temperature of 30 °C. The adsorbents were characterized through BET, SEM-EDS, and XRD analyses. When utilizing micro-adsorbents to eliminate OC components from naphtha fraction samples containing initial contaminant concentrations of 105 and 8.5 mg/L, the maximum removal efficiency reached only 28 % and 56 %, respectively. In contrast, the use of nano-based adsorbents resulted in significantly higher adsorption percentages, exceeding 45 % and 96 % for the same two samples, respectively. Equilibrium investigations revealed that the Freundlich isotherm model yielded a superior match for the adsorption equilibrium data for the nano-adsorbents case, while the Langmuir model accurately characterized the data for the micro-adsorbents. Kinetic data analysis indicated that the adsorption kinetics for nano-adsorbents followed the pseudo-second-order model, while the micro-adsorbents obeyed the intra-particle diffusion mechanism. Overall, these findings suggest that sintered γ-Al2O3nanoparticles (NPs) are more effective than microparticles (MPs) for the adsorptive removal of organic chlorides (OCs) from crude oil’s naphtha distillate.
A novel fabrication method of slippery lubricant-infused porous surface by thiol-ene click chemistry reaction for anti-fouling and anti-corrosion applications
Authors: Gu Xuezhun , Jiang Hao , Chen Xiaotong , Li Yu , Wang Guoqing
Published: November 2023

A novel and simple way for efficiently preparing stable and non-toxic slippery lubricant-infused porous surface (SLIPS) will expand its anti-fouling and anti-corrosion applications in marine environments. Herein, vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane was covalently grafted on the surface of nano-SiO2 by a thiol-ene click chemistry reaction. After that, SLIPS was efficiently prepared at room temperature via the spraying method on various substrate surfaces. Surface wettability results showed that a water droplet (10 μL) can slip on the surface with an inclination of 10° and a stained water droplet can slip without stain during the slide process, which proved that SLIPS displayed excellent slippery performance. The existence of molecular-level slippery silicone oil film on the rough surface. Anti-fouling and anti-corrosion tests showed that the prepared SLIPS exhibited stable and excellent anti-fouling and anti-corrosion performance after immersion in Pseudoalteromonas sp. culture solution for 14 days. The SLIPS exhibited a value of more than 98% of bacterial attachment inhibition efficiency and a value of 99.9% of corrosion inhibition efficiency. This facile method provides guidance to fabricate SLIPS for its anti-fouling and anti-corrosion applications in marine environments.
Identification of in-sample positivity violations using regression trees: The PoRT algorithm
Authors: Danelian Gabriel , Foucher Yohann , Léger Maxime , Le Borgne Florent , Chatton Arthur
Published: November 2023

Background

The positivity assumption is crucial when drawing causal inferences from observational studies, but it is often overlooked in practice. A violation of positivity occurs when the sample contains a subgroup of individuals with an extreme relative frequency of experiencing one of the levels of exposure. To correctly estimate the causal effect, we must identify such individuals. For this purpose, we suggest a regression tree-based algorithm.

Development

Based on a succession of regression trees, the algorithm searches for combinations of covariate levels that result in subgroups of individuals with a low (un)exposed relative frequency.

Application

We applied the algorithm by reanalyzing four recently published medical studies. We identified the two violations of the positivity reported by the authors. In addition, we identified ten subgroups with a suspicion of violation.

Conclusions

The PoRT algorithm helps to detect in-sample positivity violations in causal studies. We implemented the algorithm in the R package RISCA to facilitate its use.
Has Chinese always been an analytic language? Effects of writing on language evolution
Authors: Zhang Liulin
Published: November 2023

Chinese is commonly believed to be an analytic language, but evidence from philological works and cross-linguistic comparisons clearly suggests that various morphological operations existed in Old Chinese. The loss of Chinese morphology can be explained by the ideographic nature of Chinese characters: the Chinese language has been evolving in a way that stabilizes the pronunciation of each character. The effects of writing systems on language evolution can be widely observed from world languages, while writing per se has been evolving along the path of phonetization driven mainly by borrowings instead of conscious linguistic analysis. In history, language never picked writing systems based on linguistic features; instead, writing systems affect the evolutionary paths of languages: single signs of a writing system stabilize the basic units of the language.
A corpus-based study of quoi in French native speech
Authors: Deng Delin , Wang Fenqi
Published: November 2023

Based on data drawn from two corpora collected in Orléans, France, in two waves (ESLO 1, 1968–1971; ESLO 2, 2008–) over a 40-year period, this paper investigated the use of quoi as a discourse marker (DM) in the speech of 234 French native speakers. Our results indicate that the DM quoi has increased in frequency in the more recent corpus. The distribution of its discursive functions has changed between the two corpora. Meanwhile, we also demonstrate that the DM quoi is mainly used in final position and this tendency continues to increase in ESLO 2. Regarding the relation between function and particle position, the planning function is the only function favored by medial position in ESLO 1, while in ESLO 2, the quantification function also becomes one of the favored functions in this position. We suggest that this might indicate potential competition for the same position. Meanwhile, we also point out that the benchmarking function is quasi-categorically used in final position in ESLO 2. The relation between functions and positions changes between the two corpora.
Lipin‐2 regulates the antiviral and anti‐inflammatory responses to interferon
Authors: de Pablo Nagore , Meana Clara , Martínez‐García Javier , Martínez‐Vicente Pablo , Albert Manuel , Guerra Susana , Angulo Ana , Balsinde Jesús , Balboa María A
Published: November 2023

Interferons (IFN) are crucial antiviral and immunomodulatory cytokines that exert their function through the regulation of a myriad of genes, many of which are not yet characterized. Here, we reveal that lipin‐2, a phosphatidic acid phosphatase whose mutations produce an autoinflammatory syndrome known as Majeed syndrome in humans, is regulated by IFN in a STAT‐1‐dependent manner. Lipin‐2 inhibits viral replication both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, lipin‐2 also acts as a regulator of inflammation in a viral context by reducing the signaling through TLR3 and the generation of ROS and release of mtDNA that ultimately activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Inhibitors of mtDNA release from mitochondria restrict IL‐1β production in lipin‐2‐deficient animals in a model of viral infection. Finally, analyses of databases from COVID‐19 patients show that LPIN2 expression levels negatively correlate with the severity of the disease. Overall, these results uncover novel regulatory mechanisms of the IFN response driven by lipin‐2 and open new perspectives for the future management of patients with LPIN2 mutations.
Retinoic acid regulation of homoeostatic synaptic plasticity and its relationship to cognitive disorders
Authors: Moramarco Francesca , McCaffery Peter
Published: November 2023

There is increasing interest in retinoic acid (RA) as a regulator of the complex biological processes underlying the cognitive functions performed by the brain. The importance of RA in brain function is underlined by the brain’s high efficiency in converting vitamin A into RA. One crucial action of RA in the brain is dependent on RA receptor α (RARα) transport out of the nucleus, where it no longer regulates transcription but carries out non-genomic functions. RARα, when localised in the cytoplasm, particularly in neuronal dendrites, acts as a translational suppressor. It regulates protein translation as a crucial part of the mechanism maintaining homoeostatic synaptic plasticity, which is characterised by neuronal changes necessary to restore and balance the excitability of neuronal networks after perturbation events. Under normal conditions of neurotransmission, RARα without ligand suppresses the translation of proteins. When neural activity is reduced, RA synthesis is stimulated, and RA signalling via RARα derepresses the translation of proteins and synergistically with the fragile X mental retardation protein allows the synthesis of Ca2+ permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors that re-establish normal levels of synaptic activity. Homoeostatic synaptic plasticity underlies many cognitive processes, so its impairment due to dysregulation of RA signalling may be involved in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, which is also associated with FMRP. A full understanding of RA signalling control of homoeostatic synaptic plasticity may point to treatments.
Rastreo a la extinta lengua de los Chachapoyas
Authors: Valqui Culqui Jairo
Published: November 2023

Se explora el ámbito histórico, geográfico y lingüístico de la cultura chachapoya y se la ubica en el tiempo y en el espacio de la realidad peruana. En este trabajo se busca indicios lingüísticos que nos sirvan como sustento para realizar investigaciones en el territorio chachapoya.
Del trabajo realizado en el ámbito bibliográfico y de campo, encontramos datos interesantes que nos permiten presentar este artículo y exponerlo a quienes investigan las lenguas extintas de nuestro país. Además, se aporta al status quo de la bibliografía revisada tres vocablos chachapoyas: solpe, lope y cachi.
“Extinción de idioma índico (quechua)” en Chachapoyas, 1792
Authors: Solís Fonseca Gustavo
Published: November 2023

Publicamos en este número de Lengua y Sociedad, un documento del Siglo XVIII, 1792. Se trata de un informe que el párroco de Santo Thomas de Quilla y ( ahora Santo Tomás, en el Departamento de Amazonas), llamado Francisco Gutiérrez de Cos, envía a don Juan Manuel Hernández, quien ostentaba el cargo de Subdelegado de Chachapoyas. El documento en referencia es una carta del 20 de octubre de 1792 que Gutiérrez de Cos envía en "contestación" al Oficio que le mandara Juan M. Hemández el mes anterior.
Investment promotion strategy of tourism and agriculture sector to promote regional competitiveness
Authors: Warlina Lia , Kasmana Kankan , Aulia Selfa Septiani , Iffan Muhammad , Widiashanty Winy Noer
Published: November 2023

This study aims to identify an investment promotion strategy for the agriculture and tourism sector with the case study of Sumedang Regency in West Java Province, Indonesia. A literature review and a focus group discussion with the stakeholders were used to identify the promotion had been conducted and to formulate investment promotion strategies. The result from Vosviewer shows that studies in investment promotion strategy in agriculture and tourism were relatively low. Promotion in the agricultural sector is less than in the tourism sector, and the current promotion in agriculture is tied to tourism, such as agrotourism. The formulated investment promotion strategy for agriculture and tourism was brand activation, consisting of experiential and digital marketing and personal selling. Success in executing this investment promotion plan must consider a favorable investment environment, such as the facilities and incentives, to encourage regional competitive advantage.
DATA AUGMENTATION ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE DETECTION IN AERIAL IMAGES
Authors: Nguyen Khang
Published: November 2023

Drones are increasingly used in various application domains including surveillance, agriculture, delivery, search and rescue missions. Object detection in aerial images (captured by drones) gradually gains more interest in computer vision community. However, research activities are still very few in this area due to numerous challenges such as top-view angle, small-scale object, diverse directions, and data imbalance. In this paper, we investigate different data augmentation techniques. Furthermore, we propose combining data augmentation methods to further enhance the performance of the state-of-the-art object detection methods. Extensive experiments on two datasets, namely, AERIAU, and XDUAV, demonstrate that the combination of random cropped and vertical flipped data boosts the performance of object detectors on aerial images.
Teaching for Inclusive Mathematics Education: methodological, theoretical and empirical explorations
Authors:   ,   Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mathematics, Gardesten Malin
Published: November 2023

From an inclusive perspective in mathematics education, the aim of this Ph.D. thesis is to gain profound knowledge of didactical and relational aspects of mathematics teaching concerning students’ participation in mathematics education. The overarching research questions delve into methodological and theoretical aspects that enable the study of enacted mathematical and relational knowing of teachers, as well as how mathematical and relational knowing supports inclusion in mathematics for students. Three studies were conducted. The first study investigated the possibilities of various data collection methods to document mathematics teachers’ reflections on mathematical and relational knowing in mathematics education. The second study aimed to gain theoretical and empirical insights into teachers’ mathematical and relational knowing, as well as into students’ participation in mathematics. The third study examined earlier research regarding how co-teaching organized mathematics education can contribute to inclusion. These three studies generated four publications that answered the overarching research questions. The methodological and theoretical findings emphasize the complexity involved in exploring inclusive mathematics education. Understanding mathematical and relational knowing of teachers requires abroad conceptual framework that considers how these forms of knowing come into play when teaching. The coordinated conceptual frameworks used have core elements connected to the situated nature of inclusive mathematics education. These frameworks are based on contextual factors that focus on how and when teaching materials, mathematical examples and connections are used. They also consider the particular teacher-student interactions that occur in the moments of teaching. Hence, from a special didactic perspective, it is essential to emphasize not only the ‘what, ‘how,’ and ‘why’, but also the ‘when’ question, considering both mathematical and relational knowing in the context of inclusion in mathematics. Furthermore, findings show that if students are to be didactically included, meaning they participate in mathematics within the community of classroom mathematics, it appears important for teachers to enact mathematical and relational knowing simultaneously, whether distributed between one or two teachers in a co-teaching setting. Moreover, co-teaching does not automatically lead to didactical inclusion. However, if all students’ learning is the point of departure and the teachers, together or individually, enact mathematical and relational knowing, this can contribute to didactical inclusion.
Responsibility in the Hierarchy of Values of the Polish Youth with Hearing Impairment
Authors:   The University of Rzeszow, Zaborniak-Sobczak Małgorzata
Published: November 2023

The goal of upbringing is affirmation of the student, self-development within the system of values that is recognized by a group and eventually interiorized. A correctly shaped hierarchy of values, which fulfills a regulatory and motivating role, provides favorable conditions for maturation of a young person, gaining autonomy and at the same time integration with society. In the article the results of the research conducted to identify the system of values of youth with hearing impairments are discussed. The position of responsibility, whose essence consists in regulating one’s free conduct, was identified within the hierarchy of values. Responsibility is an instrumental value that is relatively highly valued by youth (rank 3 for hearing youth and rank 4 for youth with hearing impairment), which is a rewarding fact.
Childlessness – between Fate and Choice
Authors:   University of Silesia, Świątkiewicz Wojciech , Wacławik Sylwia ,   University of Silesia
Published: November 2023

Childlessness in marriage is still socially defined as otherness. It is a deviation from the current cultural standard and – as a consequence – it requires explanation and legitimization, especially when the otherness is deliberate. The aim of the conducted qualitative research was to establish personal definitions of the situation of childlessness in marriage applied by persons aged 50 and older. The study focused on cultural patterns of experiencing and validating this non-standard lifestyle. 21 interviews centered on this issue were conducted. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the most important variables determining the model of experiencing childlessness in marriage by the subjects were the causes of childlessness and the significance of having children in their individual hierarchy of values. In each individual case, the way of experiencing childlessness results from the configuration of the recognized order of motivation and evaluation. It also seems that the order of evaluation is significant to the entire functioning of these persons. It is relatively independent from the objective cause of childlessness.
The Effect of an Authentic Learning Environment on Creating Conceptual Awareness in Environmental Education, Shaping Value Judgments and Increasing Participation Levels
Authors:   Balıkesir University, Aydın Serap Öz
Published: November 2023

In today’s world of rapidly increasing environmental concerns, traditional environmental education provides the level of knowledge that will meet teaching targets but is ineffective in achieving the highest goals in this context. Effective environmental education should facilitate the highest level of attitude development in individuals, helping them to form value judgments and attain participatory skills. In this study, a program of authentic learning-based teaching was designed to be used in the teaching of today’s environmental issues and an attempt was made to determine the effectiveness of such teaching. The research data were collected by posing 10 open-ended questions to 168 pre-service teachers before and after the teaching program. The data were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that teaching by making use of the authentic learning-based technique of panel discussion was markedly effective in achieving the higher level skills of forming value judgments and increasing initiative-oriented participatory skills focused on the environment.
A literature review: asphalt pavement repair technologies and materials
Authors: Yao Hui , Wang Yiran , Ma Pengrui , Li Xin , You Zhanping
Published: November 2023

Asphalt pavement is the most widely used type of pavement in the world and is mainly utilised in the construction of infrastructures such as highways, urban roads, parking lots and airstrips. Pavement maintenance technology and materials are gradually developing towards systematisation and diversification with the extensive use of asphalt pavement. Choosing more economical technologies and fast and sustainable materials is the future of asphalt pavement maintenance work. This paper provides an overview of asphalt pavement repair technology and asphalt pavement repair materials. It categorises and summarises pavement repair technologies, which include cost-effective technologies such as crack sealing, overlay, seal coats and hot in-place recycling. Further, it summarises the repair materials applied in repair technologies and compares the performance, cost-effectiveness and sustainability of these materials. The study shows that asphalt and cement are the most commonly used repair materials. The higher-potential, more economical and more sustainable materials for asphalt pavement repair include epoxy resin, polyurethane and hydrogel. The future of asphalt pavement repair requires advancing towards rapid, sustainable, environmentally friendly and economical repairs. A survey indicates that in addition to improving the performance of existing repair materials (e.g. modified asphalt, binder processes, material composition or ratios), attention can be given to new materials such as polyurethanes and hydrogels that have the potential for rapid repair and are low cost. More research can be done to perfect the application of new materials in road engineering.
ZIF-8-decorated wood sponge derived from biomimetic mineralization of polydopamine
Authors: Sun Fei , Zhang Mengjia , Zhu Haixin , Huang Yuewen , Song Bin , Wang Peijiang , Jiang Shanshan , Wang Bin
Published: November 2023

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) is extensively researched and used because of its exclusive structural and excellent physicochemical properties; however, significant challenges of alleviating the adverse effects of its particle form in many aspects are still faced by the scientific community. In this study, in situ growth of ZIF-8 within the pore channels and surfaces of green cellulose-based wood sponge was attempted through polydopamine-mediated incubation. The wood sponge was prepared by eliminating lignin and hemicellulose from natural balsa wood. Then, the sponge was impregnated with dopamine aqueous solution to yield polydopamine-covered wood sponge (PWS). ZIF-8 crystals were ultimately in situ grown in the substrate after sequential impregnation with zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole aqueous solutions at room temperature. Additionally, the effects of the deposition concentration of the dopamine aqueous solution and ZIF-8 incubation time were investigated. The obtained ZIF-8@PWS was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Finally, the toluene adsorption performance of porous ZIF-8@PWS in aqueous solution was also briefly evaluated, and it was demonstrated that the maximum adsorption capacity was 106.4 mg/g and the removal rate was as high as 94.2%. This work validates the envisioned universal protocol of preparing ZIF-8-decorated porous substrates through the integrated mediating role of polydopamine.
Deriving Parent Education Programs for Career Guidance for People with Developmental Disabilities
Authors:   RehabilitationInternational Korea, Song Chang-keun
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to derive a parent education program for career guidance
for students with developmental disabilities to compensate for the blind spot of career and
vocational guidance after graduating from school.
To achieve the purpose of this study, a focus group interview(FGI) was conducted with
9 people, including experts in career and career guidance for people with developmental
disabilities and parents with children with developmental disabilities.
According to the findings of the study, both experts who participated in interviews and
parents with developmental disabilities recognized the lack of career guidance programs
for people with developmental disabilities and responded positively to the need.
Next, as a result of the interview conducted to develop a parent education program based
on the desire for career and career guidance for people with developmental disabilities,
programs for understanding developmental disabilities, programs for counseling basics for
children with developmental disabilities, and motivation for understanding jobs and choosing
careers It was investigated that grant counseling programs, job placement for people with
developmental disabilities, and adaptation support programs were needed.