bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Traffic Acoustic Event Detection Algorithm Based on Sparse Autoencoder
Authors: Zhang Xiaodan , Chen Yongsheng , Tang Guichen
Published: February 2020

Road traffic monitoring is very important for intelligent transportation. The detection of traffic state based on acoustic information is a new research direction. A vehicles acoustic event classification algorithm based on sparse autoencoder is proposed to analysis the traffic state. Firstly, the multidimensional Mel-cepstrum features and energy features are extracted to form a feature vector of 125 features; Secondly, based on the computed features, the five-layers autoencoder is trained. Finally, vehicle audio samples are collected and the trained autoencoder is tested. The experimental results show that detection rate of the traffic acoustic event reaches 94.9%, which is 12.3% higher than that of the traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) algorithm.
On the shape of invading population in anisotropic environments
Authors: Blavatska Viktoria
Published: February 2020

We analyze the properties of population spreading in environments with spatial anisotropy within the frames of a lattice model of asymmetric (biased) random walkers. The expressions for the universal shape characteristics of the instantaneous configuration of population, such as asphericity A and prolateness S are found analytically and proved to be dependent only on the asymmetric transition probabilities in different directions. The model under consideration is shown to capture, in particular, the peculiarities of invasion in presence of an array of oriented tubes (fibers) in the environment.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell, découvreuse des pulsars
Authors: Combes Françoise , Durret Florence
Published: February 2020

Née en 1943 à Belfast (Irlande du Nord), Jocelyn Bell est une astrophysicienne britannique reconnue internationalement, pionnière dans le domaine de la radioastronomie : elle a découvert les pulsars en 1967 durant sa thèse à Cambridge (Royaume-Uni). Elle s’est ensuite confirmée comme un des leaders de son domaine.

Tout au long de sa carrière, elle a été également très active au niveau de l’enseignement et de la diffusion des connaissances. Elle a aussi beaucoup œuvré pour la promotion des femmes dans le milieu scientifique.
Parallel gaussian elimination of symmetric positive definite band matrices for shared-memory multicore architectures
Authors: Marrakchi Sirine , Jemni Mohamed
Published: February 2020

This study presents a new parallel Gaussian elimination approach for symmetric positive definite band systems. For each task, the appropriate start time and adequate processor are determined. Unnecessary dependencies between tasks are eliminated. Simultaneously, all processors perform their associated tasks with precedence constraints under consideration. Our main goal is to obtain a high degree of parallelism by balancing the load of processors and reducing the total idle and parallel execution times. The theoretical lower bounds for parallel execution time and number of processors required to execute the precedence graph at an optimal time are also computed. The validity of our investigation is confirmed by carrying out several experiments on a shared-memory multicore architecture using OpenMP. Practical results prove the efficiency of the proposed method.
A new model and a Monte Carlo based Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for the stochastic blood assignment problem
Authors: Zarezadeh Mahboubeh , Naji-Azimi Zahra , Morovati Ali , Pirayesh Mohammadali
Published: February 2020

Blood and its products, in some cases, are the only vital and sanative medicine for the patients. Each donated blood unit is a valuable asset to protect the patients’ lives, and it should be avoided waste and non-optimal consumption. The assignment of blood and its products to hospitals is one of assignment problems, in which finding the optimal solution can lead to a reduction in mortality and waste of expenditure. In this research, a new model for the assignment of blood products in a stochastic environment is presented. The goal of the model is to minimize the preparation, deficiency and waste cost of blood products, while considering the constraints of the problem. The stochastic model is implemented in a real case and is solved by the Monte Carlo simulation method. Then, a random model is settled in a real problem in Yazd city and it is solvedviaa Monte Carlo based Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. The results reveal that the solution of the hybrid algorithm can significantly reduce the costs of preparation, deficiency and waste of blood products.
Chaos im Hormonhaushalt – wie Rhythmische Hormontherapie beim Tier helfen kann
Authors: Schindhelm Katja
Published: February 2020

Chronische Entgleisungen des Hormonhaushalts beruhen zumeist auf einer Schwäche der Hypophyse, in deren Folge die untergeordneten endokrinen Drüsen weniger Hormone produzieren und ausschütten. Ziel der Rhythmischen Hormontherapie ist, durch alternierende Anwendung endokriner Komplexmittel die Drüsen wieder zu vermehrter Tätigkeit zu stimulieren, statt die fehlenden Hormone zu substituieren. Gleichzeitig soll das gestörte Gleichgewicht der Chakren behoben werden. Somit schlägt die Rhythmische Hormontherapie eine Brücke zwischen der körperlichen und energetischen Behandlung. Sie ist kompatibel zu allen anderen Therapieformen und kann deshalb als regulative Basistherapie eingesetzt werden.
Konzentration von Spurenelementen beim Rind in verschiedenen Probenmedien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Kotproben
Authors: Herold Andrea , Müller Anja-Elvira , Staufenbiel Rudolf , Pieper Laura
Published: February 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel Zur Beurteilung der Spurenelementversorgung sollte die Eignung und Aussagekraft von Kot als Untersuchungsmedium getestet werden.
Überprüft wurde, ob die Konzentration der Spurenelemente Eisen, Kupfer, Zink, Selen, Mangan und Molybdän im Kot das Angebot im Futter widerspiegelt und ob die
Kotanalyse Informationen über den Versorgungsstatus im Organismus liefert. Hierfür erfolgte ein Vergleich der Konzentrationen im Futter und in den Substraten
Kot, Serum, Plasma, Vollblut, Harn sowie Haar.

Material und Methoden Bei 73 Bestandsuntersuchungen in 63 Milchviehbetrieben wurde von jeweils bis zu 10 Kühen aus der Vorbereiter- (3–0 Wochen a. p.) und
Hochleistungsgruppe (6–20 Wochen p. p.) Probenmaterial (Kot, Blut, Harn, Deckhaar) gewonnen und jeweils eine Probe der totalen Mischration (TMR) entnommen. Die
Konzentration der Spurenelemente wurde in den gepoolten Proben der beiden Laktationsgruppen und in den TMP-Proben mittels ICP-OES- bzw. ICP-MS-Methode
analysiert. Ergänzend wurden Kotproben aus 5 Mutterkuhherden während der Weide- sowie Stallsaison untersucht.

Ergebnisse Die Spurenelementkonzentrationen im Futter überschritten mehrheitlich die Bedarfswerte. Die Konzentrationen im Kot lagen 2- bis 3-fach höher
als die im Futter. Kot- und TMR-Gehalte zeigten stets die stärkste signifikante Korrelation zueinander. Saisonale Abweichungen wurden bei Eisen, Kupfer und
Mangan beobachtet. Laktationsbedingte Abweichungen ergaben sich bei Eisen.

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Die Untersuchung von Kot lässt bei allen überprüften Spurenelementen eine gute Einschätzung der nutritiven
Versorgungssituation zu. Eine Anwendung in der Praxis bietet sich deshalb in Fällen an, in denen sich keine Einzelfuttermittel oder TMR analysieren lassen. Die
Bestimmung der Spurenelemente aus dem Kot kann deshalb bei Weidetieren, Färsen, Mutterkühen oder Stalltieren ohne TMR nützlich sein. Die metabolische
Versorgungslage wird durch die Kotanalyse ungenügend reflektiert. Allerdings können die Kotgehalte der Elemente Kupfer, Zink und Mangan auf eine inadäquate
metabolische Versorgungssituation hinweisen und Anlass für eine weiterführende Diagnostik sein.
Neurodynamik – Was wissen wir heute?
Authors: Tampin Brigitte , Schmid Annina
Published: February 2020

Wir kennen neurodynamische Tests und Behandlungsmethoden, nutzen diese alltäglich in der Praxis und gehen auf Kurse, um mehr darüber zu lernen. Aber was
verstehen wir tatsächlich darunter? Kommen wir in unserem Verständnis darüber auf einen gemeinsamen Nenner? Dieser Artikel gibt einen Einblick in die Thematik
Neurodynamik. Bisherige Überzeugungen stehen dabei auf dem Prüfstand.
Testcluster von 3 Tests bei Lig.-alare-Läsion
Authors: Vielitz Arne
Published: February 2020

Von Piekartz H, Maloul R, Hoffmann M et al. Diagnostic accuracy and validity of three manual examination tests to identify alar ligament lesions: results of a
blinded case-control study. J Man Manip Ther 2019; 27: 83–91. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2018.1539434. Epub 2018 Nov 15
Manipulation und Mobilisation helfen kurzfristig bei Spannungskopfschmerzen
Authors: Vielitz Arne
Published: February 2020

Coelho M, Ela N, Garvin A et al. The effectiveness of manipulation and mobilization on pain and disability in individuals with cervicogenic and tension-type
headaches: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther Rev 2019; 24: 29–43. doi: 10.1080/10833196.2019.1572963
Association of the Triglyceride to High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio and
the Visceral Adiposity Index with Metabolic Syndrome in Diabetic Susceptible
Population
Authors: Huang Wenli , Shu Linyi , Zhao Hang , Chen Sufeng , Zhang He , Song Guangyao
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study was to explore the association of the triglyceride to
high-density lipoprotein ratio (TG/HDL) and the visceral adiposity
index (VAI) with metabolic syndrome (Mets) in high-risk populations of
diabetic patients. Patients were recruited from the Endocrinology Clinic of
Hebei General Hospital from April 2018 to April 2019,according to the
“Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in
China (2017 Edition)”. A total of 824 patients participated in the
study. The association between TG/HDL or VAI and Mets in these
patients was assessed using a multivariate logistic regression model.
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate
the ability of TG/HDL and VAI to predict Mets in the diabetic
susceptible population. The prevalence of Mets gradually increased in males
and females with advancing tertiles of TG/HDL or VAI. After
adjusting for the relevant risk factors, TG/HDL and VAI were
positively correlated with Mets in men and women. Both of them showed a
better the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for Mets in females than body mass
index, waist circumference, TG and homeostatic model assessment of insulin
resistance. In females, the cut-off point of 1.67 for VAI showed a higher
accuracy for Mets (sensitivity 0.756, specificity 0.705, Youden index
0.461), the same relationship not significant in men. TG/HDL and VAI
provide a high predictive value for Mets in a diabetic susceptible
population, especially in females.
Reply to Drs. Kiaei and Molinaro Regarding the Publication
“Comparison of a Bridge Immunoassay with Two Bioassays for Thyrotropin Receptor
Antibody Detection and Differentiation”
Authors: Allelein Stephanie , Diana Tanja , Schott Matthias , Kahaly George J.
Published: February 2020

Dear Editor,

Drs. Kiaei and Molinaro 1 put forth two
criticisms of the manuscript published by us 2. They state that the experimental design of this study is flawed
and that the authors falsely claim that negative Thyretain™ TSI Reporter
BioAssay results for two Graves’ diseases patients undergoing drug
treatments means the absence of stimulating antibodies. To substantiate this
claim Drs. Kiaei and Molinaro point out that the manufacturer of the Thyretain
TSI Reporter BioAssay clearly states in the package insert that “[t]he
effects of various drug therapies on the performance of this Kit have not been
established” 1. Second, the
package insert explicitly states that “[a] negative result does not
exclude the possibility of the presence of TSI” and results of the test
should be interpreted in conjunction with information available from other
clinical information, such as physical symptoms and thyroid hormone testing, as
recommended by the American Thyroid Association (ATA)”. Furthermore they
state that the “authors of the manuscript did not consider the
manufacturer’s warning regarding the intended patient population and the
ATA guidelines regarding the interpretation of the test results in conjunction
with other clinical information. Instead, the authors based their conclusions on
the negative Thyretain TSI Reporter BioAssay results and ignored the
patients’ clinical history of Graves’ disease.”
Operative Zugangswege beim Gleithoden und tiefen Leistenhoden – inguinaler Zugang
Authors: Riechardt Silke , Fisch Margit
Published: February 2020

Der Hodenhochstand stellt eine der häufigsten Erkrankungen im Kindesalter dar und wird bei 3 – 8 % der männlichen Patienten diagnostiziert. Das Ziel der Therapie des Hodenhochstandes ist der Deszensus in den Hodensack innerhalb des ersten Lebensjahres, um anhaltende degenerative Veränderungen des Hodens zu vermeiden. Oft ist dazu eine operative Behandlung notwendig.

Die chirurgische Therapie des tastbaren Hodens im Bereich der Leiste ist die Orchidopexie und bei nicht tastbaren Hoden ein laparoskopischer Ansatz mit ggf. inguinaler Freilegung. Die Orchidopexie für einen tastbaren Hoden kann durch einen traditionellen Leistenschnitt (inguinal) oder transskrotal behandelt werden. Der inguinale Zugangsweg gilt für die Orchidopexie als operative Methode der Wahl.
FAST Hydrogenations as a Continuous Platform for Green Aromatic Nitroreductions
Authors: Rahman MD Taifur , Wharry Scott , Smyth Megan , Manyar Haresh , Moody Thomas S.
Published: February 2020

A continuous-flow packed-bed catalytic reactor has been developed for hydrogenation of aromatic nitrobenzoic acids in water to produce the corresponding anilines. These hydrogenations are green, more efficient, less consumptive, and safer than the conventional ­reduction process. Various industrially important aromatic amines have been produced in excellent yields and with high throughput. The optimized continuous-flow reduction process produces no detectable genotoxic intermediates, unlike the corresponding batch reduction. The reactor is modular in design and can be scaled up to produce several kilograms of product per day without extensive redesign.
Sulfur/DABCO Promoted Reductive Coupling/Annulation Cascade Reaction between o-Hydroxy/Amino Nitrobenzenes and Benzaldehydes
Authors: Tran Phuong Hoang , Dang Minh-Huy Dinh , Nguyen Linh Ho Thuy
Published: February 2020

Sulfur/DABCO was found to be an efficient reagent in promoting­ the reductive coupling/annulation of o-nitrophenols or o-nitroanilines with benzaldehydes. This method represents a simple, straightforward, and green approach to the construction of benz­oxazoles and benzimidazoles.
Catalyst- and Solvent-Free Synthesis of α-Amino Polyfluoroalkylphosphonates from Bis(fluoroalkyl) Phosphonates and Aldimines
Authors: Trofimov Boris A. , Arbuzova Svetlana N. , Gusarova Nina K. , Kazantseva Tatyana I. , Verkhoturova Svetlana I. , Zinchenko Sergey V. , Kolyvanov Nikita A.
Published: February 2020

The catalyst- and solvent-free reaction between bis(fluoroalkyl) phosphonates and aldimines occurs under mild conditions (20–22 °C, 0.25–4 h) to afford a new family of α-amino polyfluoroalkylphosphonates in up to quantitative yields.
ORGANSPENDE: „Es wird sich nicht viel ändern“
Authors: Ehrhardt-Joswig Jana
Published: February 2020

Er hat sich sehr emotional für die Widerspruchslösung bei Organspenden eingesetzt. Im kma-Interview spricht Professor Dr. Volkmar Falk, Ärztlicher Direktor des Deutschen Herzzentrums Berlin, über enttäuschte Erwartungen.
HAUPTSTADTKONGRESS 2020: Next Generation Healthcare: mehr Qualität, mehr Effizienz
Authors: Hillebrand Ralf-Thomas
Published: February 2020

Heiße Eisen der Gesundheitspolitik fasst der Hauptstadtkongress im Frühjahr an: Innovationen kommen immer schneller, aber die Nutzenbewertung erscheint im Vergleich dazu immer schleppender.
INTELLIGENTE PROTHESEN: Die neue Bewegungsfreiheit
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: February 2020

Wer noch alle Gliedmaßen besitzt, macht sich keine Vorstellung davon, wie schwer es ist, ohne sie auszukommen. Umso beeindruckender sind die Möglichkeiten der neuen intelligenten Prothesengeneration. Deren Bewilligung gleicht allerdings nach wie vor oft einem Spießrutenlauf.
STUDIENGANG MANAGEMENT FÜR TECHNIK IM GESUNDHEITSWESEN: Karrierebooster
Authors: Thalmayr Maria
Published: February 2020

Erfahrene Technische Leiter, die ihr Handeln weiter professionalisieren möchten, gehören ebenso zu den Teilnehmern des Studiengangs „Management für Technik im Gesundheitswesen“ wie Mitarbeiter von Serviceanbietern und Herstellern. Vor allem richtet sich der Studiengang jedoch an engagierte Nachwuchskräfte in der Krankenhaustechnik und ermöglicht eindrucksvolle Karrieresprünge in leitende Positionen, wie diese Beispiele zeigen:
SPRECHSTUNDE IN DER PR-AMBULANZ: Ein Budget für die Unternehmenskommunikation?
Authors: Endele Kerstin
Published: February 2020

Kirsten Endele ist zur Hälfte Journalistin …
Catching-up in the global factory: Analysis and policy implications
Authors: Buckley Peter J. , Strange Roger , Timmer Marcel P. , de Vries Gaaitzen J.
Published: February 2020

MNEs shape the location of activities in the world economy, linking diverse regions in what has been called theglobal factory. This study portrays the evolution of incomes and employment in the global factory using a quantitative input–output approach. We find emerging economies forging ahead relative to advanced economies in income derived fromfabrication activities, handling the physical transformation process of goods. In contrast, convergence in income derived fromknowledge-intensive activitiescarried out in pre- and post-fabrication stages is much slower. We discuss possible barriers to catching-up and policy implications for emerging economies in developing innovation capabilities, stressing the pivotal role of MNEs.
On a semiclassical model for damped dust ion-acoustic solitons with analysis of quantum electron exchange-correlation potential
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Farooq M. , Ullah Asif
Published: February 2020

The semiclassical hydrodynamic model is used to study the effect of electron exchange-correlation potential, quantum Bohm term, and degenerate pressure on the dynamics of dust ion acoustic waves by following the two-fluid theory in collisional, unmagnetized dusty plasma. For linear analysis, the dispersion relation modified by the exchange-correlation coefficient is derived. For nonlinear analysis, the standard perturbative approach is used to derive a deformed Korteweg–deVries equation with a linear damping term for finite amplitude waves. The analytical and numerical investigations in the presence of low collisional frequencies reveal the existence of compressive dissipative solitons. Considering the dense astrophysical objects, the dissipative compressive solitons are numerically investigated with the effect of different plasma parameters including collisions and exchange-correlation potential.
Study of core plasma rotation characteristics of RF-heated H-mode discharges on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak
Authors: Lyu B. , Wang F. D. , Chen J. , Hu R. J. , Li Y. Y. , Fu J. , Zhang H. M. , Bitter M. , Hill K. W. , Shi Y. J. , Ye M. Y. , Wan B. N.
Published: February 2020

RF-heated H-mode plasmas are readily achieved with lower hybrid current drive and ICRF heating on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST). Characteristics of H-mode plasma rotation are studied, including the behaviors for non-stationary and stationary H-mode discharges. Experimental results indicate that substantial co-current core rotation increment is observed at L-H transition. For non-stationary discharges with multiple L-H transitions, central plasma rotation varies as the plasma enters and exits the H-mode phase. Rotation increase over L-H transition is linearly correlated with plasma stored energy for both edge localized mode (ELM)-free phases and phases with type-III ELMs. For stationary H-mode discharges with type-III ELMs, core plasma rotation profile is elevated and remains stable during the H-mode phase, although the occurrence of ELMs tends to slow down the core rotation, especially for type-I ELMs where the entire core profiles are affected. Evolution of plasma rotation is fitted with a source-free transport equation and it is found that the momentum transport is dominated by diffusion and explains the flat profile in the core. Based on the Rice scaling and for the same stored energy increase, smaller increase in the core rotation is observed for H-mode discharges with type-III ELMs than for ELM-free discharges. A linear fit indicates that the slope is 75% larger for the ELM-free discharges data.
Adjustable coupling and in situ variable frequency electron paramagnetic resonance probe with loop-gap resonators for spectroscopy up to X-band
Authors: Joshi G. , Kubasek J. , Nikolov I. , Sheehan B. , Costa T. A. , Allão Cassaro R. A. , Friedman Jonathan R.
Published: February 2020

In standard electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, the frequency of an experiment is set and the spectrum is acquired using the magnetic field as the independent variable. There are cases in which it is desirable instead to fix the field and tune the frequency such as when studying avoided level crossings. We have designed and tested an adjustable frequency and variable coupling EPR probe with loop-gap resonators (LGRs) that works at a temperature as low as 1.8 K. The frequency is tuned by adjusting the height of a dielectric piece of sapphire inserted into the gap of an LGR; coupling of the microwave antenna is varied with the height of the antenna above the LGR. Both coupling antenna and dielectric are located within the cryogenic sample chamber, but their motion is controlled with external micrometers located outside the cryostat. The frequency of the LGR (∼4 GHz) can be adjusted by more than 1 GHz (>25%). To cover a wide range of frequencies, different LGRs can be designed to cover frequencies up to X-band. We demonstrate the operation of our probe by mapping out avoided crossings for the Ni4 molecular nanomagnet to determine the tunnel splittings with high precision.
How vortices behave on insect wings
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: February 2020

Researchers studied the effects of both wing parameters and Reynolds number on tip vortex formation and evolution of rotating low-aspect-ratio wings.
Predictors of second language English lexical recognition
Authors: Skalicky Stephen , Crossley Scott A. , Berger Cynthia M.
Published: February 2020

In this study we analyze a large database of lexical decision times for English content words made by speakers of
English as an additional language residing in the United States. Our first goal was to test whether the use of statistical
measures better able to model variation associated with participants and items would replicate findings of a previous analysis of
this data (Berger, Crossley, & Skalicky, 2019). Our second goal was to determine
whether variables related to experiences using and learning English would interact with linguistic features of the target words.
Results from our statistical analysis suggest affirmative answers to both of these questions. First, our results included
significant effects for linguistic features related to contextual diversity and contextual distinctiveness, providing a
replication of findings from the original study in that words appearing in more textual and lexical contexts were responded to
quicker. Second, a measure of length of English learning and a measure of daily English use interacted with a measure of
orthographic similarity. Our study provides further evidence regarding how a large, crowdsourced database can be used to obtain a
better understanding of second language lexical recognition behavior and provides suggestions for further research.
Enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct at cone-beam CT
Authors: Brotto Davide , Sartorato Federica
Published: February 2020

The radiological diagnosis of enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) can be challenging. Pathologies like the EVA and early stage endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) can be difficult to differentiate as clinical characteristics are similar and these pathologies are rare. The cone beam CT (CBCT) is a new imaging technique with low radiation dose and high-resolution power that can be used to study patients affected by EVA or ELST. The present paper will take into account the imaging features that can help in distinguishing the above-mentioned pathologies when studied by mean of CBCT.
Formation of ultracold ion pairs through long-range Rydberg molecules
Authors: Peper Michael , Deiglmayr Johannes
Published: February 2020

We propose a new approach to excite ion-pair states of ultracold dimers. The central idea is a two-step process where first long-range Rydberg molecules are formed by photoassociation, which are then driven by stimulated emission towards the ion-pair state, a process bearing features of a photo-induced harpooning reaction. We assess the feasibility of this approach through a detailed experimental and theoretical study on a specific system, p-wave-scattering dominated long-range Rydberg molecules in caesium, and discuss potential applications for the study of strongly correlated plasmas consisting of oppositely charged particles of equal or similar mass.
Durability of fiber boards made of jabon and andong bamboo with additional activated carbon additives against dry wood termites and subterranean termites
Authors: Trisatya D R , Satiti E R , Indrawan D A , Tampubolon R M
Published: February 2020

Utilization of wood waste as material to produce medium density fiber-board (MDF) will help to reduce the rate of deforestation. Jabon waste (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) combined with andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steudel) Widjaja) bamboo waste with 50%:50% ratio were made into MDF with the size of 30 cm x 30 cm x 1.2 cm and density 0.45 kg/m3 and 0.55 kg/m3. Activated carbon additive 4% were then added in the process. MDF durability test towards attack from Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light dry wood termite and Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgrem subterranean termites were done according to SNI 01-7207-2014. Result shows that the addition of activated carbon powder increased the MDF’s dry wood termites-durability level from IV (not-durable) to III (moderately durable). Meanwhile, adding activated carbon powder additive in MDF had not increase its durability to subterranean termites attack. The MDF durability level against soil termite stood at the same level of IV (not-durable). Improvement needs to be done for MDF made of jabon and andong bamboo mix using preservatives to increase the MDF durability level.
High quality sugarcane bagasse-citric acid particleboards
Authors: Syamani F A , Sudarmanto  , Subyakto  , Subiyanto B
Published: February 2020

The productivity of Indonesian sugarcane plantation, especially in East Java province reached 1.186.515 tonnes in 2017. Sugarcane liquid is extracted as sugar raw material and set aside sugarcane bagasse as waste of about 30% from total sugarcane weight. Usually sugarcane bagasse is burned to operate boiler in sugarcane mill. Meanwhile, the utilization of sugarcane bagasse, combine with citric acid for high quality particleboards production would be highly recommended. In this study, effect of citric acid content and pressing temperature on sugarcane particleboards properties were analysed. The size and target density of particleboards were 300 x 300 x 9 mm and 0.8 g/cm3, respectively. Citric acid liquid (59%) were sprayed onto sugarcane particles, with varied citric acid content (10, 15, 20 % of sugarcane particle weight). To evaporate water, sugarcane particles which already contain citric acid were pre-dried in oven of 80°C for 6h until the moisture content in sugarcane particles-citric acid was less than 3%. Subsequently, the boards were produced under pressing temperature of 180°C and 200°C, for 10 min. The physical properties of boards produced using 25% citric acid and pressed at 200°C (thickness swelling 4.43%; water absorption 29.48%) were superior than the others boards. The infrared (IR) spectra analysis showed the presence of ester linkage, representing that the carboxyl groups of citric acid had reacted with the hydroxyl groups of the sugarcane particles, providing the boards good physical properties. The boards mechanical properties were fulfilled the requirement of the JIS A 5908:2003 for particleboards type 18 (modulus of rupture 21.88 N/mm2, modulus of elasticity 3944 N/mm2, internal bond 1.03 N/mm2, screw withdrawal 393 N).
Performance assessment of KOMBI, energy-saving biomass stove: a gender friendly technology for rural and semi urban communities
Authors: Nugroho H Y S H , Saad M , Isnan W , Suryaman A
Published: February 2020

The rural population who can hardly afford kerosene and LPG relies heavily on traditional biomass such as fuelwood, charcoal, and crop residues for cooking. The cooking is generally carried out with open fire/traditional stoves such as three stones fire which is inefficient biomass combustion, draining natural resources and consuming a lot of time and energy. Moreover, incomplete combustion of biomass produces a lot of smoke that emit concentrated fumes containing carbon monoxide and particulate solid matter, as well as methane, non-methane hydrocarbons, and black carbon aerosols. It poses a health risk to women and children spending hours in a poorly ventilated kitchen. Since 2017, BP2LHK Makassar has been developing KOMBI (Kompor Biomasa), a biomass-fueled stove, a gender friendly technology, aimed to develop improved biomass cook-stoves to provide cleaner and efficient cooking energy solutions in rural and peri-urban/semi-urban areas. Made of galvanized plate and iron materials, KOMBI consists of two main parts namely a combustion tube and an air chamber that holds and channels air from a 12 Volt, 0.2 Ampere of 12x12 cm2 DC fan. For communities around forest areas that have not been reached by the National Electric Company, the use of KOMBI is synergized with the construction of Micro-hydro power or Solar cell. From the results of direct trials in rural communities, KOMBI showed advantages over traditional cooking stoves in terms of: minimalizing smoke, more efficient combustion, shortening cooking time, and reduce biomass usage significantly. Compared to the traditional stoves, KOMBI saves the use of wood in a ratio of 1:10 and speeds up cooking time by a ratio of 1:3. Aside from the amount of wood used, another advantage of KOMBI is that KOMBI can use small size of wood such as tree branches, dried leaves, cacao fruit skin, charcoal briquettes, and even corn cobs. With the calculation of cooking time in the household is an average of 4 hours/day, the cost of electricity consumption for cooking using KOMBI is equivalent to Rp 475,-/month.
Inventory of wooden ship materials and determination of its alternative materials through wood properties approach: case studies in the Riau Islands, the Northern and Southern Coast of Java
Authors: Dewi L M , Damayanti R , Muslich M
Published: February 2020

Indonesia is an archipelago country with approximately two-thirds of its territory consisting of oceans, so that inter-islands transportation has become one of the most important economic aspects. Traditional wooden ships are commonly used by local people in the coastal areas for transportation to support their needs. Several wood species which have high durability are commonly used for making wooden ship component such as Eusideroxylon zwageri (ulin), Vitex sp. (laban), Tectona grandis (teak), and Instia bijuga (merbau). This study aims to determine the alternative materials for wooden ship based on inventory at the Riau islands, the Northern and Southern Coast of Java. Exploring the alternative materials for wooden ship is important to optimize the utilization of lesser- and least-known timbers and address the problem of decreasing supply of major commercial timbers. This study has identified many wood species used by coastal fishermen for making wooden ship. Identification of wood species was carried out using microscopic observation based on IAWA standard, while the determination of alternative materials was undertaken through wood properties approach. The results show that there were various wood species used as raw materials for ship components. Some identified wood species are Tectona grandis (teak), Shorea sp. (balau and light-red meranti), Dichrostachys cinerea (pung), Ormosia subseraceae (kupang), Lumnitzera littorea (teruntum), Alseodaphne sp. (medang). Several alternative wood species to substitute current materials are elaborated in the paper.
Physicochemical characteristics of west Sumatera's forest honey
Authors: Wiratmoko M D E , Pribadi A
Published: February 2020

Asian giant honeybees (Apis dorsata) have an important economic role for the community around the forest and forest’s health. However, degradation and conversion of forest are the main threats for its existence and distribution. Thus, the conservation strategy needs to be developed to maintain their honey production. Moreover, natural landscapes in West Sumatera province makes some unique characteristics of the honey since in each bioregion has its vegetations. This study aimed to characterize the physicochemical characteristics of West Sumatra’s forest honey. Observation and survey were used as the research method. SNI 3545:2013 was used as a reference for making the comparison between bioregions. The result showed that physicochemical characteristics of West Sumatra`s forest honey taken from many bioregions have already met the standard required by SNI 3545: 2013. Furthermore, the physicochemical characteristics are not significantly different between its bioregions.
Utilization of timber harvesting residues for wood pellet production: A green strategy to improve timber concession’s profitability
Authors: Ruslandi  , Novita N , Malik A
Published: February 2020

Production forests, which cover 70 million Ha or more than half of total Indonesia’s forest, should be actively managed in a sustainable way to avoid dangers of deforestation of tropical rain forests. A decreasing trend of numbers of operating timber concessions has been observed because of low profitability and supply issues. In an effort to reverse this tide, we conducted a comprehensive study by reviewing existing literature, analyzing financial details from six concessions and their three parent companies, and organizing workshop with multi stakeholders to improve the profitability of logging concessions through logging waste utilization for wood pellet production. Our study showed that timber harvesting waste utilization for wood pellet production is an attractive strategy to enhance profitability of timber concession because of supply availability, cost efficiency, and promising market for sustainable wood pellets in Japan. The waste wood is valuable but wasted resource, as 2.5 to 1 is the ratio of wood waste left behind to that of high value logs removed from the forest. In East Kalimantan, we estimated that the cost for wood pellet production, which corresponds to labor and equipment needed to remove and transport waste wood3, to be IDR 327, 250/m3 or USD 25 per m3. Further, we calculated that by selling the logging waste for the wood pellet production at the price of USD 37, a typical-sized concession of 50, 000 m3 annual timber production could make a profit of USD 570, 000 per year instead of losing USD 60, 000 under the current financial situation of the concession. This business is recommended for timber concessions with medium road hauls and less dependence on narrow, turbulent sections of rivers for rafting. Large-scale implementation of this strategy will be preceded by conducting a pilot project as a collaborative effort between The Nature Conservancy/Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara and Indonesia Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
The utilization of sago waste: prospect and challenges
Authors: Rasyid T H , Kusumawaty Y , Hadi S
Published: February 2020

The utilization of sago waste has been the subject of research which has studied aspects of sago bark, including sago wastewater effluent and fibre waste. This paper presents a review of the types of waste generated from sago processing plants, prospects and challenges of its utilization based on prior studies. During sago starch extraction, a large amount of sago tree bark would be separated, and wastewater mixed with fibre waste would be discharged daily. Therefore, it is important to train sago farmers and mill owners to manage and utilize waste. The development of sustainable management of sago requires support from all relevant stakeholders. Waste utilization should be promoted and the added value to be explained to the stakeholders to gain their interest and willingness to participate in waste processing plants. Sago waste management is recommended to focus on: (1) efforts to increase the yield and efficiency to reduce waste (2) improvement of the processing layout and mechanism to facilitate its utilization; (3) selection of appropriate drying methods to reduce the volume of liquid waste and facilitate further storage and processing; (4) the implementation of appropriate technology that can provide additional income to farmers and smallholder sago refineries.
Two-dimensional microfibril angle mapping via polarization microscopy for wood classification
Authors: Kita Y , Mizuno-Tazuru S , Sugiyama J
Published: February 2020

A new method is presented for measuring microfibril angles (MFAs) from transverse tree sections by using polarized optical microscopy combined with a liquid-crystal tunable filter. The MFA transition analysis of tree growth rings via generalized two-dimensional correlation is proposed. The unique features of two anatomically similar Cupressaceae species, Chamaecyparis obtusa S. & Z. and Thujopsis dolabrata S. & Z. and its variant, were extracted through MFA analysis. The technique efficiently visualized MFA distributions under wide field observation and uncovered seasonal differences. Classification results of supervised models exhibited 60% accuracy, despite featureless cross-sections of the conifers. Overall, MFA is a promising index that can identify specific features of wood species.
‘The Impossible Balancing Act’: Reconstructing Liveness with NT Live’s Hedda Gabler
Authors: Zhou Yangzi
Published: February 2020

This article traces Ivo van Hove’s Hedda Gabler from its staging by the National Theatre to its screening in China as a National Theatre Live production. I investigate how as a form of intermedial and international performance, NT Live alters the concept of ‘liveness’ between multiple frames of production and reception. During the delayed international transmission of NT Live, liveness is intertwined with the connections and variations between audience communities, making it an indicator of each experience’s distinctive condition and locality rather than a proof of the reproduction and retainment of sameness. A case study of the National Theatre’s Hedda Gabler from stage to screen and to China reveals that while van Hove’s production constructs an intimate and exclusive community by strengthening the co-present corporeality of performers and spectators in theatre, the delayed screenings, in order to balance the loss of spatial and temporal liveness, employ culturally specific strategies to produce multiple mediatized, digitally ‘live’ experiences for new audience communities. By means of moulding theatre into technology-supported media, utilizing and negotiating with local audience’s horizons of expectations as well as their feedback to the screened production, NT Live adapts the original performance and redefines liveness in exchange for an expanded outreach beyond national and cultural borders. It opens up and engages various audience communities whose participation sheds light on the cultural and political potentials and limitations of liveness in the age of digitalization and multimedia.
The mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic novel nucleic acids for hepatocellular carcinoma emerging in past score years
Authors: Zhang Song , Zhou Ying , Wang Yanan , Wang Zhengwen , Xiao Qitao , Zhang Ying , Lou Yan , Qiu Yunqing , Zhu Feng
Published: February 2020

Despite The Central Dogma states the destiny of gene as ‘DNA makes RNA and RNA makes protein’, the nucleic acids not only store and transmit genetic information but also, surprisingly, join in intracellular vital movement as a regulator of gene expression. Bioinformatics has contributed to knowledge for a series of emerging novel nucleic acids molecules. For typical cases, microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) exert crucial role in regulating vital biological processes, especially in malignant diseases. Due to extraordinarily heterogeneity among all malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged enormous limitation in diagnosis and therapy. Mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic nucleic acids for HCC emerging in past score years have been systematically reviewed. Particularly, we have organized recent advances on nucleic acids of HCC into three facets: (i) summarizing diverse nucleic acids and their modification (miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, circulating tumor DNA and DNA methylation) acting as potential biomarkers in HCC diagnosis; (ii) concluding different patterns of three key noncoding RNAs (miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA) in gene regulation and (iii) outlining the progress of these novel nucleic acids for HCC diagnosis and therapy in clinical trials, and discuss their possibility for clinical applications. All in all, this review takes a detailed look at the advances of novel nucleic acids from potential of biomarkers and elaboration of mechanism to early clinical application in past 20 years.
Creative Action Under Two Copyright Regimes: Filmmaking and Visual Arts in Australia and the United States
Authors: Sinnreich Aram , Aufderheide Patricia , Newman Donte
Published: February 2020

A comparison of the behaviors of two creative populations operating within cross-media environments in the United States and Australia tests the comparative effect of the two nations' legal environments on the range of creative expression and on costs of production in increasingly digitized production processes. The U.S. creators have access to the flexible and expansive exception of fair use, while Australian creators' ability to use third-party copyrighted content are far more constrained. While availability of copyright exceptions plays a crucial role, other factors including demographics, disciplinary norms, and social inequality may also be important in creative practices and professions.
To Affinity and Beyond: Clicking as Communicative Gesture on the Experimentation Platform
Authors: Gilmore James N
Published: February 2020

This article analyzes how users' engagements with digital platforms through the act of clicking are coded as meaningful for the production of affinity, a way of assessing identity amongst users. Drawing on an understanding of identity as related to the Latin idem—or same—this article explores how streaming media company Netflix uses click-based A/B testing to create “taste doppelgängers” that live in “taste communities” and help structure the recommendations, home pages, and image thumbnails that users experience. Clicks are figured as communicative gestures that platform engineers decode and analyze as part of ongoing experiments for refining algorithms and interface design. Drawing additionally on an analysis of Netflix's recent move into interactive television—in particular, Black Mirror: Bandersnatch—this article ultimately argues for attention to how platforms like Netflix treat users as test subjects for the purposes of constructing idem-based affinities.
Caesarean delivery and the use of antidepressants
Authors: Bíró Anikó , Elek Péter
Published: February 2020

Background

The high ratio of caesarean sections (C-sections) is a major public health issue in the developed world; but its implications on maternal mental health are not well understood.

Methods

We use individual-level administrative panel data from Hungary between 2010 and 2016 to analyze the relationship between caesarean delivery and antidepressant consumption, an objective indicator of mental health. We focus on low-risk deliveries of mothers without subsequent birth in 3 years, and include around 135 000 observations.

Results

After controlling for medical and socio-economic variables, antidepressant use before delivery is associated with an elevated risk of C-section (adjusted OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.05–1.14) and C-section is associated with a higher probability of antidepressant use within 1–3 years after delivery (e.g. adjusted OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.12–1.30, within 3 years after delivery, among mothers without pre-delivery antidepressant consumption). Our data restriction ensures that the results are not driven by a mechanical impact of decreasing fertility on the continuation of antidepressant use after a C-section.

Conclusions

The results suggest that C-section is associated with worse mental health over the 1- to 3-year horizon after birth. This relationship is particularly important if a caesarean delivery is not necessary due to medical reasons, and physicians as well as expectant mothers should be made aware of the potential mental health implications of the mode of delivery.
Coronaviruses: a paradigm of new emerging zoonotic diseases
Authors: Salata Cristiano , Calistri Arianna , Parolin Cristina , Palù Giorgio
Published: February 2020

A novel type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infecting humans appeared in Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019. Since the identification of the outbreak the infection quickly spread involving in one month more than 31,000 confirmed cases with 638 death. Molecular analysis suggest that 2019-nCoV could be originated from bats after passaging in intermediate hosts, highlighting the high zoonotic potential of coronaviruses.
Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Vitamin D in Fortified Milk
Authors: Agarwal Vipin K
Published: February 2020

A method for the determination of vitamins D2 + D3 in fortified milk is described. Vitamins D2 and D3 are extracted from the saponified sample and converted to isotachysterols with antimony trichloride. The isotachysterols are quantitated using liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 301 nm, which is the absorption maximum. At this wavelength other materials present in the sample do not interfere with the analysis of isotachysterols and therefore a cleanup step is avoided. Recoveries of vitamin D added to skim milk were 98.1% (SD 5.3), 96.7% (SD 3.3), and 96.0% (SD 5.1) for samples fortified with 200, 400, and 600 IU/quart, respectively. For whole milk, recoveries were 102.0% (SD 6.5) and 97.1% (SD 3.5) in samples fortified with vitamin D equivalent to 200 and 400 IU/quart, respectively. The detection limit for vitamin D is 40 IU/quart.