bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of early thrombolysis on the clinical outcome of ventricular septal rupture in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Waheed Nazia , Ali Murad , Khan Jibran Umar Ayub , Shahzeb Shahzeb , Shahsawar Shahsawar , Khan Muhammad Ishaq
Published: December 2023

Background: Ventricular septal rupture is one of the most lethal complications of myocardial ischemia with timely treatment preventing the catastrophic results for the patients.1 Objective: To determine whether early thrombolysis’ in patients with VSR increases or decreases mortality and to assess the risk factors for development of VSR in patients with ST elevation MI. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at Peshawar Institute of Cardiology after the approval of synopsis from ethical research committee of the institution bearing IRC/23/54 dated 28 September 2023. The sample size was 34 and method was non-probability convenient. The inclusion criteria were all those patients who had acute myocardial infarction and detectable VSR on ECHO. Data collection will be started after IRB approval. All patients admitted via ER to CCUs and diagnosed as cases of VSR through clinical exam and ECHO findings. Descriptive analysis was employed to find out the mean age and Chi Square test and Pearson Correlation was employed to compare the outcomes of the patients after receiving thrombolysis with a p value of less than 0.05 as significant.
Determinantes de éxito empresarial para los emprendimientos del sector publicitario hondureño
Authors: Cabrera Dena
Published: December 2023

La publicidad es de gran importancia, en la actualidad existe mucho intercambio de bienes y servicios, para poder llegar a los clientes los promocionamos por medio de empresas de publicidad. El emprendimiento de empresas orientadas a la publicidad crece continuamente, con la llegada de la pandemia se han presentado mayores oportunidades debido a nuevos emprendimientos que demandan de estos servicios, por lo que en este documento se realiza una revisión documental y mediante ella conocer algunas determinantes de éxito de empresas orientadas al sector publicitario.
Secuelas pospandémicas a las que se enfrentan las afps: estudio de la responsabilidad en instituciones financieras
Authors: Lainez Grixy
Published: December 2023

El presente documento tiene como propósito revisar el impacto del resguardo familiar en las Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones (AFP´s); de manera que se pueda visualizar la afección al sistema económico en Honduras, para sustentar la investigación se aplica el enfoque metodológico cualitativo, con corte documental donde se consultó una variedad de bibliografías y se extrajo datos estadísticos de entes gubernamentales de Honduras. El trabajo propone examinar los datos brindados por las Instituciones Gubernamentales para identificar analizar el comportamiento económico en el tiempo del resguardo familiar. Los resultados muestran el impacto de dicho fenómeno en el transcurso del tiempo va en aumento el PIB a pesar de continuar en el resguardo familiar.
A Literature Review on Domestic Study on Discourse Makers
Authors: LI Dandi , YUAN Yuwei
Published: December 2023

Please refer to the URL that includes this article for the abstract.
馬克思主義與當今非洲文學研究（節選一）
Authors: LENG (trans.) Xueyuan , Akyeampong Emmanuel
Published: December 2023

Please refer to the URL that includes this article for the abstract.
馬克思主義與當今非洲文學研究（節選二）
Authors: JIANG (trans.) Qing , Akyeampong Emmanuel
Published: December 2023

Please refer to the URL that includes this article for the abstract.
A Study on the Identity of German Language Teachers in Sino-German Double Degree Projects from the Perspective of New Engineering Science
Authors: ZHENG Yu , ZHUANG Li , SHI Hui
Published: December 2023

Please refer to the URL that includes this article for the abstract.
Coastal geology of the Holocene progradant plains of sandy beach ridges in Santa Catarina state, Southeastern Brazil
Authors: HORN FILHO NORBERTO OLMIRO
Published: December 2023

Beach ridges are indicators of supratidal and intertidal depositional environments built by waves. The major factors that influence on the ridge’s formation is related to antecedent topography, sediment supply, sedimentary balance, and substrate gradient. They consist of siliciclastic and/or bioclastic sediments whose grain size varies from very coarse sand to very fine sand. At Santa Catarina state, progradant plains are related to Pleistocene and Holocene regressive marine processes. The Holocene marine terraces, object of this study, predominate in the coastal plains of Passo de Torres, Pinheira, Jurerê, Tijucas and Navegantes, presenting heights from 3 to 6 m in elevations and 1 to 2 m in depressions. The ridge deposits are constituted by sandy sediments, medium to very fine, composed by quartz, opaque and heavy minerals and shell fragments. The runnel deposits comprehend silt-sand-clayey sediments enriched by organic matter. The evolution of Holocene Santa Catarina beach ridges is connected to the regressive events occurred after 5,1 ky BP that indicate the position of paleo coastlines and mean sea level of the Holocene.
Efeitos da regularização na tomografia de refração sísmica marinha rasa 2-D
Authors: Bulhoes Frank Cenci , De Almeida Victor Thadeu Xavier , Santos Marco Antonio Cetale , Santos Luiz Alberto
Published: December 2023

Na sísmica de exploração, soluções precisas de superfície rasa são essenciais para o mapeamento de estruturas de baixo-relevo e armadilhas estratigráficas. Tais feições podem ser identificadas através da velocidade em subsuperfície, as quais a tomografia de primeiras quebras pode estimar de forma robusta. Uma abordagem comum para estabilizar o problema inverso mal-posto é aplicar a regularização, que na prática corresponde a restringir as possíveis soluções para a inversão. Assim, um termo de regularização é frequentemente incorporado na função de erro tomográfica para resolver a não-unicidade do problema geofísico inverso. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o algoritmo de tomografia de refração e os efeitos da regularização e analisar os efeitos destas nas velocidades sísmicas resultantes. O estudo baseou-se, metodologicamente, em um estudo de caso. As regularizações testadas neste trabalho foram a Tikhonov de ordem 1, as variantes de ordem 1 e ordem 2.  Utilizou-se o programa em linguagem Fortran criado pelo Grupo de Imageamento Sísmico e Inversão da Universidade Federal Fluminense.  O programa de tomografia é baseado no traçamento de raios de Podvin. A obtenção da matriz de tempo de trânsito utiliza diferenças finitas pela equação eikonal referente às primeiras chegadas, cálculo de matriz tomográfica e aplicação do algoritmo de regularização. O modelo de velocidade sintético é baseado numa geologia de canal de fundo marinho raso. Comparou-se o modelo verdadeiro que contém três camadas e estrutura de um canal de fundo marinho, com velocidades de 1500 m/s (água), 2000 m/s e 2500 m/s com os resultados da tomografia de tempo de trânsito sem regularização com os esquemas de regularização. Os tempos de trânsito para tomografia foram obtidos por modelagem direta desse modelo, com o mesmo algoritmo usado na tomografia para cálculo do tempo de trânsito. Conclui-se desse trabalho que: 1) os resultados da tomografia apresentam melhores resultados com melhor definição e menor distorção das estruturas com a aplicação da regularização; 2) a regularização de Tikhonov de ordem 2 apresentaram maior rapidez de convergência com melhoria no modelo de velocidade e 3) o teste de sensibilidade dos parâmetros mostra o quanto uma escolha não adequada pode distorcer as estruturas geológicas.
Conduct Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Authors: FİDANCI İzzet
Published: December 2023

Conduct disorders are a subset of psychological disorders that can have catastrophic repercussions and are difficult to treat. It is seen in children and adolescents and can have serious impacts ranging from criminal activity to suicidal ideation. Similarly, a delayed or missed diagnosis might have permanent repercussions. Since it is a disorder that, unless treated, can have a long-term impact on children, their families, and society, it is critical to work with both the family and the immediate environment during treatment.
Study on the Improvement of Non-Urban Area Management System
Authors:   Korea Real Estate Policy Association, Jeon JongHan , Ko Jinsoo
Published: December 2023

In 2003, the National Land Planning And Utilization Act was enacted, but the non-urban area management system through the use area system has problems due to the too wide range of restrictions on management areas, small-scale development using loopholes in the existing legal system, and double administrative procedures due to the lifting of conservation areas. To solve this problem, it is necessary to re-establish the permit standards of non-urban areas or incorporate management areas into the vertical use area classification system to clearly distinguish the identity of the management area. In order to prevent waste of administrative power, it is necessary to give special-purpose areas to areas released from preserved mountainous districts and agricultural promotion areas without separate administrative procedures, strengthen diversion requirements for in preserved mountainous districts, and reorganize the management system so that accommodation facilities can only be made possible through planned locations such as district unit planning areas or growth management planning areas. The growth management plan is an auxiliary means for Permission for Development Activities and can designate non-permissible uses, but it cannot relax permitted uses, so it has limitations as a means of inducing location. In the case of planning management areas, most facilities are permitted due to negative use regulations, so it is difficult to induce location through additional relaxations. Therefore local governments and residents will actively establish growth management plans only when restrictions on behavior in existing special-purpose area are strengthened and ease of allowable use through growth management plan. The planned development of non-urban areas is possible only by planting the perception that regional development in non-urban areas is possible only through district unit plans and growth management plans.
Paying Attention to the Online Learning Environment: The Importance of a Low-noise Environment
Authors: Liu Mohan
Published: December 2023

The learning environment has been recognized as an important factor affecting the quality of offline learning. The existing literature demonstrates that the learning environment also has an impact on online learning and it is more influential than most factors. Due to the flexibility of the learning environment, both the positive and negative effects on online learning are magnified compared to offline learning. Noise is a vital component of the learning environment. The research results of multiple scholars show that noise has adverse effects on learners' physiology and psychology, and the negative effects of noise on learning efficiency cannot be ignored. With regard to the impact of noise on online learning, noise can lower the quality of online learning by impairing the learner's reading ability, memory capacity and maths and literacy ability. Especially, the noise of the online learning environment is more uncontrollable than offline learning, which magnifies the negative impact of noise on learning efficiency. Finally, this paper makes recommendations for learners, teachers and schools respectively, like using noise-canceling headphones or earplugs and removing noise sources in advance.
The Role of Empathy in Peer Relationships During Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Wu Yongle
Published: December 2023

Empathy holds pivotal significance in fostering favorable peer engagements throughout the phases of childhood and adolescence. Although there is a large body of literature that addresses this issue, studies undertaken with children and adolescents have shown inconclusive results about the correlation between empathy and peer relationships. Various measures of peer relationships (such as peer attachment, friendships, and peer acceptability) and empathy (including affective and cognitive empathy, perspective-taking, and Theory of Mind) all contributes to challenges in reaching definitive conclusions. Hence, the association between peer relationships and empathy in children and adolescents remains unclear. Current work seeks to (a) provide an overview of how empathy is commonly conceptualised and quantified in child development and adolescent research, and (b) address pressing difficulties with empathy research in both child development and adulthood. It indicates the distinct roles played by affective and cognitive empathy in different constructs of peer interactions and prosocial behaviours. Additionally, the relationship between empathy and various aspects of peer relationships shows variation between genders and by using different measurements. We conclude by offering suggestions for future research on (a) distinguishing different aspects of empathy; (b). providing a more comprehensive framework of empathy; (c). examining the mediating role of gender in association between empathy and peer relationships.
Research on the Legal Issues of Same-sex Marriage in China -- Taking the Revision of the Law in Taiwan as a Reference
Authors: Liu Guangqi
Published: December 2023

With the increase of the number of same-sex people in China, the legal issues related to same-sex marriage as an important part of the national legal framework have attracted much attention. The enactment and revision of the same-sex marriage law has far-reaching significance. By studying the revision process of Taiwans same-sex marriage law and the value game behind it, this paper deeply analyzes the current situation of same-sex marriage in China and puts forward some suggestions. Across the globe, more and more countries and territories have legalized same-sex marriage. Even in China, acceptance of homosexuality is rising sharply. In this paper, some problems of discrimination against homosexuals and how to solve them are also raised. The challenges facing same-sex marriage in China also point to a lack of legal support. Therefore, the protection of homosexual crimes should be strengthened, and social problems such as sexual orientation discrimination should be prohibited.
The Efficacy of Dog-assisted Therapy in Enhancing the Treatment Outcomes for Children, Adults, and the Elderly
Authors: Lin Xuanzhi
Published: December 2023

In times there has been a growing interest, in Canine assisted Therapy and animal assisted therapy as complementary methods to effectively support individuals of age groups who are facing mental health challenges. The purpose of this review is to evaluate how effective Canine assisted Therapy is in improving treatment outcomes for health issues in children, adults, and older adults. It also aims to identify promising interventions from existing research and explore the benefits and future directions of these additional approaches. Several studies have emphasized the effectiveness of animal assisted therapy across age groups. In children Canine assisted Therapy has proven valuable not for those with autism spectrum disorders but for those dealing with anxiety and needing help with reading. Among adults this form of therapy has shown to reduce test anxiety regulate mood and play a significant role in managing conditions such as anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress disorders. For adults animal assisted therapy has shown potential in improving mood enhancing motivation, for therapy and promoting activity as a means of preventing and alleviating Alzheimer disease. Although these discoveries show potential it's crucial to recognize some limitations in the research. These limitations include factors such, as the number of participants involved the duration of the studies conducted and the voluntary nature of participants. It is necessary to conduct research to validate the effectiveness of animal assisted therapy and explore its wider range of applications.
Exploring the Root Causes of Inequality and Gender Issues in Current China Based on Existence Theory
Authors: Chen Xinlei
Published: December 2023

Much of gender inequality has its roots in differences between men and women in society. In addition to the difference in the sexual division of labour, the difference is rooted in the roles and relations constructed by society. Inspired by Chizuko Uenos writing, the author intends to explore the inequality and gender issues that could not be ignored. This article takes advantage of the existence theory, a new sociological theory, to explore the root causes of gender inequality in current China. This article also compares the existential milestones of men and women and uses contradictory milestones to explain gender inequality and inequality in different social classes. In addition, the article discusses why the common perception that taking care of families is women's natural responsibility exists in modern society. Finally, the article points out some legislation approaches to address gender inequality and compares the progress of feminist awareness in China and abroad, hoping to push the development of gender equality.
AI Tutor: Solution for Chinas Disadvantaged and Under-resourced Children
Authors: Cao Bochun
Published: December 2023

This academic paper delves into the pressing issue of educational disparities in China, particularly focusing on the challenges faced by disadvantaged and under-resourced children, including both migrant and left-behind children. The paper underscores the socioeconomic and geographical complexities that exacerbate these disparities, emphasizing the need for innovative solutions. It then introduces the transformative potential of AI tutors, leveraging recent advancements in large language models (LLMs), to bridge the educational gap. The study highlights the significant impact of migration on children's access to education, with rural-to-urban migration patterns creating hurdles for migrant children to secure enrollment in urban schools. Additionally, it sheds light on the plight of left-behind children, who face emotional challenges and limited educational resources in rural settings. The paper introduces AI tutors, particularly ChatGPT-based Khanmigo, as innovative solutions that can offer personalized educational support, generate educational materials, assist teachers, and even evaluate student work. It discusses the advantages of these AI tutors, such as cost-effectiveness and accessibility, and their potential to democratize education. However, the paper also acknowledges the limitations of AI tutors, particularly in areas requiring creativity, critical thinking, and emotional intelligence. It raises concerns about exacerbating educational inequality if high-quality human educators become exclusive to the privileged, leaving disadvantaged children reliant on AI-based solutions.
Heideggers Theory on Anxiety and Deaths Significance in the Background of Suicide among the East Asian Adolescents
Authors: Li Jiaqi
Published: December 2023

As a philosopher who has had a significant influence on modernity, Heidegger's theories have been discussed by people from different periods and countries. However, this paper focuses on adolescents in East Asian countries and explores the significance of his views on anxiety and death for them. Given the cultural background of Confucianism and Taoism in East Asian countries, and taking into account the development of East Asian countries in the last half century, Heidegger's theories provide an explanation for the higher suicide rate among East Asian adolescents. They fall in the conformities that society invites them to obey, and reject with death a life with no alternative possibilities. At the same time, however, Heidegger's view has certain limitations and deficiencies in the present. Young people rebel against philosophies promoting uniformity and require a theory to navigate their particular complexities and dilemmas. Heidegger's philosophy can aid our comprehension of young people's current situation and requirements in East Asia.
Exploring the Foothold of Kunqu in Modern Society Through a Comparative Study of Different Versions of The Peony Pavilion
Authors: Liu Yuhong
Published: December 2023

After the publication of the youth version of The Peony Pavilion in 2004, Kunqu, a classical Chinese theatre, experienced a significant resurgence in both popularity and esteem. This renewal instigated a stronger emphasis on inventive and contemporary adaptations of the traditional repertoire. As culture evolves and advances, there is no doubt that classical theatre must also adapt to keep up with the times. The primary aim of this essay is to examine a contemporary phenomenon through a research methodology that compares and contrasts traditional and modern theatre styles. Specifically, this research focuses on the modern rendition of The Peony Pavilion, a renowned Kunqu opera that illustrates how traditional Chinese theatre can be adjusted to modern contexts while preserving its allure and importance. Additionally, this research project investigates the qualities and mechanisms of modernization in classical Chinese theatre. By concentrating on The Peony Pavilion, this study seeks to disclose how Kunqu integrates and embraces change while retaining its fundamental aspects. As a result, the research aids in crafting efficient techniques for modifying classical art forms to contemporary settings, guaranteeing that these traditional art forms remain significant and appealing over time. This will meet the increasing demand for contemporary performances while ensuring the longevity and preservation of classical arts in the ever-evolving 21st century.
Visual Violence Against Women in Hollywood
Authors: Lin Yijia
Published: December 2023

Slashers, a subdivision of horror peaked during the 1900s, had a lasting impact in the cinematic world as a wide range of audience continues to watch them today. Often centered around a masked killer that targeted their audience against female victims, an explosion of cinematic violence against women prevailed. Though young white males were initially the targeted audience, females craved slashers as well due to the genres features of enabling them to acquire masculine traits, such as anger, frustrations and violence by overturning stereotypical gender roles propelled by womens movement during the period. Through diving into various elements of slashers, including motives of killers, reasons behind the audiences crave for slashers, characteristics of the survivors and the symbolic utilizations of pre-technological weapons in the genre, this paper examines this violence through contrasting typical female victims with the Final Girl, who becomes the only one that survived the seeming impossible. Aspects of film and literary theories, gender studies, and psychoanalysis were examined throughout research.
Exploring Bach's "Musical Game" World Analysis of Bach's "Goldberg Variations"
Authors: Wang Wenhui
Published: December 2023

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685 March 21st 1750 July 28th), born in Eisenach, Thuringia, Germany, was a German composer and keyboard player of the Baroque period. This paper focuses on the musical analysis of Bachs Goldberg Variations to explore Bachs musical game world from four aspects: historical background, counterpoint and fugue, musical analysis of Goldberg Variations, and the essence of Bachs musical games. It aims to provide valuable insights for relevant researchers.
Application of different treatment methods for autism
Authors: Ma Tianyu , Wu Haihan , Wang Yi
Published: December 2023

Today, more than 70 million people around the world suffer from autism, and scientists around the world are working hard to invest in research into autism treatment, hoping to identify the possibility of a cure among the various attempts. At present, there are a large number of studies on various treatment options for autism, but not many summaries of the studies. Due to the complex causes of autism, this research only summarizes some of the therapeutic and training programs that have made progress in autism. This research of existing research suggests that the adverse symptoms of autism can be improved through applied behavior analysis (ABA) therapy, symptom-relieving medications, talk-based cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), behavioral therapy, gene therapy, gut probiotics supplementation, and web-based training. Although autism is a very complex disease, with the development of technology and in-depth research into its causes, autism is controllable and mitigated. In the future, with more in-depth research, there may be more ways to alleviate the suffering of people with autism.
Application of different treatment methods for schizophrenia
Authors: Hou Jinqi , Li Xinyi
Published: December 2023

Schizophrenia is a debilitating neurological and psychiatric disorder that can result in severe disability for those affected. The presence of this disorder can have far-reaching effects on all aspects of a person's life, affecting not only their personal and familial relationships, but also their social interactions, academic pursuits, and career prospects. Some individuals with schizophrenia may experience multiple cycles of symptom exacerbation and remission throughout their lifetime, with symptoms worsening and improving intermittently. However, for others, symptoms may progressively worsen over time and may even become increasingly severe, potentially persisting throughout their lifetime and significantly impacting their daily life and social relationships. As of today, most medications are still not perfect treatments for this disorder. And only a few, such as lumateperone, have shown initial success in improving and relieving patients' negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction. In addition, psychological therapies are being developed, but therapists and psychiatrists are still limited in the number of treatments available. In the face of these unresolved challenges, different treatment methods have been conducted to evaluate investigational therapies, and new models are being constructed to study new pharmacological molecular therapeutic pathways. This research provides an overview of some of the current mainstream treatment strategies for schizophrenia and an outlook for the future.
Modelling and analyzing dynamic system for transmission of Paragonimiasis
Authors: Pan Songyao , Zhang Yilin
Published: December 2023

Paragonimiasis is caused by the invasion of Paragonimus westermani in the host. Since its proliferation will lead to the decrease of cell density in the host or even death, the quantitative study of its epidemic rule is an important reference for the prevention and control works, but which is lacking study. The significance of studying the transmission of paragonimiasis lies in its multi-intermediate host infection route. We modelled the transmission mechanism of Paragonimiasis based on the SICR model and its variants, in which population are categorized as susceptible, mildly infected, severely infected, and recovered. We theoretically derive the disease-free equilibrium of the proposed dynamical system, as well as the basic reproduction number. Based on the basic reproduction number, we further discussed the impact of infection rates, recovery rates, and mortality rates in mildly and severely infected patients on the control of outbreak transmission. These results have clinical and guiding implications of the early protection and control of severely infected patients.
Progresses on the management of swimmers shoulder
Authors: Yang Yawen
Published: December 2023

Swimmers shoulder frequently happens on the swimmers which is the reason why it is named after it. However, it also occurs to people who overload their shoulders via over the head motion. We need to pay attention to this injury due to the after effect on the body as the injury worsens. This is a report summarizing the introduction, anatomy of the shoulder, diagnostic, treatment, prevention of swimmers shoulder injury. Besides, swimmers shoulder happens mostly on the swimmers, but it worth to mention that it also occurs to people who overload shoulder with over the head motions.
A proposed total synthesis of a clerodane-type diterpenoid Scaparin C
Authors: Ye Xinrong
Published: December 2023

A theoretically feasible synthetic route for Scaparin C, a clerodane-type diterpenoid new-ly discovered in nature is depicted. A Diels-Alder reaction followed by oxidative cleavage of the olefin generates a 1,3,6-tricarbonyl compound as the substrate. Based on the rela-tive reactivities of the three carbonyl groups, the primary aldehyde group is protected as the acetal. It is expected that the right aldol and alkylation reactions take place for the remaining carbonyl groups, collaboratively giving a bi-fused ring system which is the most important constituent of Scaparin C. After deprotection, the primary aldehyde group is connected with the 3-bromofuran through a Friedel-Crafts reaction. Finally, reactions including sequential reduction of the carbonyl groups, selective protection, acylation and oxidation of the alcohols can preserve the diol and the ketone groups needed, intramolec-ularly forming the cyclic acetal and epoxidation of alkene with the m-CPBA completing the synthesis.
Synergizing CAR with memory-like NK cells
Authors: Wang Sarah Amanda
Published: December 2023

Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial for combating the tumor growth and spread of cancer. The receptors which inhibit and activate NK cells coordinate to recognize "self" or "missing-self" to determine whether NK cells should be activated to destroy the targets. NK cells exhibit intrinsic memory to haptens and viral infections despite lacking antigen-specific receptors. A combination of Interleukins may create cytokine-induced memory-like (ML) NK cells that respond more vigorously to tumors and lessen symptoms in cancer patients. Meanwhile, chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) have been utilized to modify NK cells. CAR-NK cells have been tested to be more powerful in treating solid tumors and hematological cancers in both pre-clinical and clinical trials. A few recent studies showed that when ML NK cells are armed with CAR, the resulting CAR-ML-NK cells demonstrated better survival in human xenograft models as well as enhanced responses against cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
The impact of global warming on polar bears' diet and habitat
Authors: Jiao Yaxin , Qiu Hangwai , Yang Yike
Published: December 2023

Conventional fuels produce large amounts of greenhouse gases leading to global warming and with it dramatic changes in the Arctic, especially for its top predator, the polar bear. The environment of polar bears will gradually be more affected and challenged. This literature review explores how climate change has impacted the diets and reproduction of polar bears, along with potential solutions to mitigate these effects. The loss of sea ice due to rising temperatures has led to a decline in the number of primary prey, forcing polar bears to hunt alternative prey, including reindeer, to survive. Furthermore, reduced sea ice is affecting the reproduction and survival of the polar bear population, with the decline in genetic diversity posing a threat to their long-term survival. To mitigate these effects, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, protecting critical polar bear habitats, restoring and managing their habitats, and international collaboration and legal interventions are necessary. The implementation of these solutions will help to ensure the continued existence and thriving of this magnificent animal in the Arctic ecosystem.
Gastric cancer stem cell: Carcinogenesis and targeted personalized therapies of cancer stem cell
Authors: Zhuanghan Zhou
Published: December 2023

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in worldwide range which ranks fifth, and it is also third most common cancerous death reason. Although there has been a decline in the rate of incidence and mortality over recent fifty years, cure for GC is extremely hard to achieve. The symptoms are not conspicuous at early stage of the GC patients usually, which is the reason GC is diagnosed at terminal stage. And it is worse that the prognosis effect is outrageously bad, the median survival times are mostly less than a year. Under this condition, prevention is the most efficient method to reduce the incidence and mortality, meanwhile, the application of newly emerged therapy should be attached importance to GC. To create accurate treatment to achieve this goal, it is necessary to comprehend the mechanism of the carcinogenesis, and mechanism of cancer development, the critical transformation points derived from those mechanism will divide the different methodology applying period. This article mainly focuses on the cancer stem cell (CSC) aspect of carcinogenesis, cancer development to inform the points which can be utilized to intervene and new therapy method.
Research on the parasomnias classifications, symptoms and treatments
Authors: Zhong Linhan
Published: December 2023

Parasomnia is a neurological disorder that refers to abnormal behavior during sleep. This disease has received increasing attention and research over the past few decades. In the 1950s, the symptoms of parasomnia were first described and further studied. This paper describes the three classifications of parasomnias, and details the symptoms and treatment options for these three classifications. By reading and analyzing the previous literature, it can be concluded that the types of parasomnia can be roughly divided into circadian dysrhythmia sleep disorder, sleep apnea syndrome, and restless leg syndrome. Circadian dysrhythmia sleep disorder is characterized by late sleep, insufficient or excessive sleep duration, resulting in daytime fatigue, a lack of concentration, and other symptoms. The treatment method is light therapy. The main symptom of sleep apnea is that breathing stops during sleep, resulting in a lack of oxygen supply. The treatment is to improve the maxillofacial structure through surgery to reduce the problem of dyspnea. The most obvious symptom of restless leg syndrome is discomfort and unbearable numbness in the lower legs and feet while sleeping. There are three ways to treat this condition. A more non-pharmacological treatment is to do some exercise to reduce the discomfort of the leg muscles, a medical treatment is to give the patient levodopa, and if the syndrome is caused by a lack of iron in the body, iron supplementation is sufficient.
Effect of brain-computer interface training on functional recovery after stroke
Authors: Tang Jiaheng
Published: December 2023

As the aging population continues to grow, the incidence of stroke is increasing yearly. Patients with stroke often have residual motor dysfunction symptoms, which seriously affects their life and work. The traditional treatment methods have limited applicability and efficacy, making it difficult for patients to control their muscles voluntarily and achieve cortical-muscle coupling. Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology can enable patients with severely impaired motor function to control external devices through brain-controlled movements, thus promoting the efficiency of motor rehabilitation training and becoming a hot research topic. This article systematically summarizes the basic technology of BCI, its application in stroke rehabilitation, and future development trends.
Recent progress in the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of Alzheimers disease
Authors: Yu Xiangning
Published: December 2023

Alzheimers Disease (AD) is one of the prime cuases of dementia, responsible for 60% to 70% of cases worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Unfortunately, numerous research challenges still remain for this disease, which poses a great threat to human health worldwide, especially in the elderly population. Scientists are still struggling to find the pathogenesis and pathogenic mechanisms of AD, and while research for new tests and novel drugs is ongoing, it faces a high failure rate. This article will summarize some remarkable results to date and discuss future research directions.
Application and risk analysis of brain-computer interface
Authors: Xu Cenjie
Published: December 2023

As society progresses and science and technology develop, brain-computer interface has made eye-catching achievements. Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a technology that realizes information exchange and response by establishing a direct connection between the brain and external devices. Brain-computer interface is one of the main research directions of human-computer interaction, which has great development potential and wide application in the future. However, the risks and challenges beckoned by it, on the other hand, cannot be ignored. It is of great significance to analyze its application and risk and at the same time to develop the solutions. Based on the existing literature, this paper summarized the working principle of the brain-computer interface, combed its application in various modern fields, and explained the current challenges it faces, hoping to provide certain references for the further development of the technology. Pursuant to relevant studies, it was found that the brain-computer interface has wide application prospects in medical treatment, the economy, people's livelihood, education, and the military, and currently, the main challenges cover inaccurate transmission, low safety factors, obvious ethical problems, and privacy disclosure risk.
Artificial intelligence in healthcare: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Zhang Huimin
Published: December 2023

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare has had a significant impact on healthcare. AI in healthcare can provide more accurate diagnoses and interventions for patients. AI can predict, diagnose, and treat diseases, facilitate the maximum use of healthcare resources by integrating medical information, increase efficiency, and reduce overcrowding of healthcare resources. However, the application of AI in healthcare also faces challenges such as accountability, algorithmic security, and data privacy. This paper discusses the application of AI in healthcare and explores the challenges faced by AI, in-cluding accountability traceability, algorithmic safety, data security, and ethical issues, and makes targeted recommendations. This study provides an in-depth exploration of the application of AI in healthcare, helping to improve the accuracy and efficiency of AI ap-plications in healthcare, as well as providing necessary guidance and references for opti-mizing and enhancing AI technologies.
Comparative analysis of efficacy and safety of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 and AD26.COV2.S
Authors: Pei Duoji
Published: December 2023

Vaccine technology has been going through some radical and incremental advancement over the years for its importance as the most crucial tool in the prevention and elimination of transmissive diseases. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, several vaccine platforms were being studied, developed, and entered the market. Among the platforms, vector viral vaccines attracted particular attention for the cooperation of viral vectors to deliver genetic material of the pathogens. While the mechanism has improved the flexibility of vaccine design and efficacy, the adverse events after vaccination were worth attention at the same time. Taking ChAdOx12 nCov-19 and AD26.COV2.S. as the subjects, the efficacy and safety of the two vaccine platforms were compared and analyzed. In this paper, the initial vaccine efficacy, the resistances against virus variants, and various post vaccination adverse events were looked in more detail to identify the different factors that could affect the performance of viral vector vaccines.
Mechanism and treatment of Alzheimers disease
Authors: Gu Zhouxiang , Tie Ziyue , Ruan Huaiyu
Published: December 2023

Alzheimers disease (AD) is a type of neurodegenerative disease that affects the nerves and tends to develop slowly, with symptoms worsening over time. It is responsible for causing 60 to 70% of cases of dementia, and it is becoming increasingly common. Currently, around 50 million people worldwide are affected, with the majority being over the age of 65. Despite the many experimental studies and cases, no treatment has been found that can prevent or reverse the progression of AD, and only a few methods are available that can temporarily alleviate symptoms. At present, the main focus of treatment is still on managing symptoms, although efforts are being made to reduce the production and impact of brain pathology. This article provides an overview of AD and its underlying causes, as well as current treatment options and possible future treatments that are undergoing testing. This article also discusses potential directions and predictions for new treatments that may be effective against AD.
Brief summary on the mechanism, symptoms, epidemiology, management and treatment of osteoarthritis
Authors: Chen Liang
Published: December 2023

The most common degenerative joint disorder is osteoarthritis (OA) which impacts hundreds of millions worldwide, with the primary risk factor being age. The disorder is characterized by the breakdown of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, leading to impaired chondrocyte function and cartilage repair. Further, the subsequent inflammation results in pain and even joint disability in severe cases. Conventional treatments focus on symptomatic relief and improvement of joint function, through pharmacological means, physical therapy or surgeries. However, long-term anti-inflammatory or analgesic treatment may result in adverse side effects such as drug dependence. Meanwhile, joint replacement surgery poses risks of permanent disability. This review discusses the underlying mechanisms and risk factors of OA, their relationship to symptoms and disease progression, and current epidemiological trends. Additionally, we focus on new-generation treatments with the application of bioengineering and stem cell therapy. Finally, we address contemporary treatment strategies and the potential for future disease-altering therapies that may be implemented on a large scale.
Review of antibody-drug conjugates in lymphoma therapies
Authors: Wei Ming
Published: December 2023

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a series of targeted therapeutic agents for cancer treatment and have succeeded in treating various cancers. Over the years, ADCs have revolutionized cancer treatment by offering new options to patients. These agents act as an alternative to traditional chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and many pharmaceutical companies have developed their own ADC drugs. Based on the available materials, this review discusses the fundamental concepts behind the design of ADC drugs for treating lymphoma. It provides a comprehensive analysis of various marketed ADC drugs from multiple perspectives.
Analysis on the influence of a low-carbohydrate diet and a high-protein diet on the glucose level of diabetes
Authors: Zhou Yue
Published: December 2023

The treatment of type 2 diabetes has been greatly aided by dietary changes. The practice of adopting a healthy diet has become increasingly popular around the world. In addition to assisting with the maintenance of appropriate blood sugar and blood pressure levels, this also helps to prevent long-term organ damage and enhances general health. In this analysis, we look at the research on high-protein and low-carbohydrate diets for diabetes patients with the goal of better glycemic control. To better understand the connection between type 2 diabetes and food, this study will examine the effects of a high-protein diet and a low-carbohydrate diet on blood sugar levels in persons with the disease.
The brief introduction of CAR T-cell: From mechanism to application
Authors: Q Lin Yuna
Published: December 2023

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) gene therapy is a newly developed solution to fight tumor cells. The therapy develops from the combination of the immunity and cell bioengineering, taking advantage of the cell killing function of T-cells, scientists modify them with a bioengineering method to target specific cells. In recent days, this therapy shows great results in several trials especially in hematological malignancies. However, there are still many obstacles, such as toxicities, that need to be overcome. Taking the promising potentials of CAR T-cell gene therapy, it is still a revolutionary step in the improvement of immunotherapy. In this paper, we focus on the structure and target antigens of CAR T-cell, summarize the generations of CAR T-cell gene therapies, as well as list out the FDA approved treatments using CAR. Most importantly, we will discuss the past advancements, recent innovations, and the existing factors that still prevent CAR T-cells from becoming the first line treatment for cancers.
Alzheimers disease course prediction methods based on deep learning methods
Authors: Zhang Bingyi
Published: December 2023

Alzheimer 's disease (AD) is a primary disease of the nervous system with memory and cognitive impairment as the main symptoms. It is the most common type of senile dementia and seriously threatens the quality of life and life safety of the elderly. Due to the pathological characteristics of AD and the limitations of medical technology, there is currently no very effective treatment worldwide. Therefore, early prediction and diagnosis of AD has always been a research hotspot worldwide. Deep learning may finish the joint classification of several stages by mining the abundant information implicit in the visual data collected from patients. It is a hub for computer-assisted diagnosis research. Therefore, many studies have applied computer-aided methods such as deep learning to the medical image data of Alzheimer 's disease, so as to provide ideas and help for prediction and diagnosis of diseases. This paper analyzes and compares various network structures, summarizes the use of the current, comparatively new deep learning network models applied in the classification of Alzheimer's disease course, and discusses the difficulties and potential future research directions for deep learning in the field of AD diagnosis. Thus, it is very important to raise the efficiency of the clinical diagnosis of AD and the accuracy of early forecasts.
Techniques and applications of 3D bioprinting
Authors: Wang Jingru
Published: December 2023

3D bioprinting is an emerging technology that uses computer printing technology and unique bio-ink components to create artificial organs and biomedical objects. It is an interdisciplinary development technology integrating biology, chemistry, materials science, life science and other disciplines, and the technology behind biological 3D printing has improved in its development over the past few decades. Precisely printed biomaterials could benefit both tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 3D bioprinting technology makes it possible to print tissues and organs, providing favorable conditions for organ transplantation and medical experiments. This paper mainly reviews the development of bioprinting technology and related concepts. According to the morphological change and chemical composition, the commonly used bioprinting materials (bio-inks) and their characteristics are described. The main methods of bioprinting are summarized, including traditional inkjet 3D bioprinting, extrusion 3D bioprinting, laser-assisted 3D bioprinting, photocuring 3D bioprinting and emerging 4D bioprinting and in situ bioprinting technologies. Finally, the paper introduces the development trend of bioprinting in the transplantation of skin, blood vessels and complex organs, as well as the precision research of tumors. In addition, current research challenges and prospects for future bioprinted 3D printing materials are discussed.