bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy cost of walking and functional aerobic capacity during moderate intensity exercise in adults with obstructive sleep apnea: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aldhahi Monira , Puri Shipra , Jain Vivek , E. Herrick Jeffrey
Published: April 2021

Background

Autonomic dysregulation associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may limit cardiopulmonary responses to exercise, which, in turn, may impair functional aerobic capacity (FAC) and walking economy. We aimed to characterize walking economy and FAC in OSA patients compared with healthy adults (non-OSA) and examine their relationship with OSA severity (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI]).

Methods

A total of 26 adults (OSA, n = 13; non-OSA, n = 13) participated in this cross-sectional study. In this study, the participants with OSA were between the ages of 25 and 60 years, with a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 to 39 kg/m2, and who had undergone a recent third-party sleep study with an AHI of 5 or greater. Participants completed a maximal integrated cardiopulmonary exercise test, three separate exercise bouts of constant work rate (CWR) treadmill test at 85% of anaerobic threshold (AT), and a 10-min walk test (10MWT). Multiple linear regression analysis corrected for weight, age, and BMI were performed to examine the associations.

Results

There were significant differences between OSA and non-OSA participants in VO2peak (29.7 ± 5.6 mL/kg/min vs. 37.5 ± 6.5 mL/kg/min, p = 0.03) and Net VO2 during CWR (12.7 ± 5 vs.19 ± 6 mL/kg/min, p = 0.02). The 10MWT speed and distance were significantly lower in the OSA group (all p < 0.001). The energy cost of walking during submaximal exercise and 10-min walk test was higher among patients with OSA (all p < 0.001). The AHI scores were associated with 10MWT distance (R2 = 0.85, p < 0.001), energy cost of walking (R2 = 87, p < 0.001), and VO2 at anaerobic threshold (R2 = 0.92, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The findings of this study show that patients with OSA have reduced FAC and a higher energy cost of walking. AHI explained 87% of variance in the energy cost of walking during the 10MWT. The results suggest that individuals with more severe obstructive sleep apnea experience greater impairment in functional performance.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) microbiome is not affected by colon microbiota in healthy goats
Authors: Peña-Cearra Ainize , Belanche Alejandro , Gonzalez-Lopez Monika , Lavín José Luis , Pascual-Itoiz Miguel Ángel , Jiménez Elisabeth , Rodríguez Héctor , Aransay Ana Mª. , Anguita Juan , Yáñez-Ruiz David R. , Abecia Leticia
Published: April 2021

Background

The knowledge about blood circulating microbiome and its functional relevance in healthy individuals remains limited. An assessment of changes in the circulating microbiome was performed by sequencing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) bacterial DNA from goats supplemented or not in early life with rumen liquid transplantation.

Results

Most of the bacterial DNA associated to PBMC was identified predominantly as Proteobacteria (55%) followed by Firmicutes (24%), Bacteroidetes (11%) and Actinobacteria (8%). The predominant genera found in PBMC samples were Pseudomonas, Prevotella, Sphingomonas, Acinetobacter, Corynebacterium and Ruminococcus. Other genera such as Butyrivibrivio, Bifidobacterium, Dorea and Coprococcus were also present in lower proportions. Several species known as blood pathogens or others involved in gut homeostasis such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were also identified. However, the PBMC microbiome phylum composition differed from that in the colon of goats (P ≤ 0.001), where Firmicutes was the predominant phylum (83%). Although, rumen liquid administration in early-life altered bacterial community structure and increased Tlr5 expression (P = 0.020) in colon pointing to higher bacterial translocation, less than 8% of OTUs in colon were also observed in PBMCs.

Conclusions

Data suggest that in physiological conditions, PBMC microbiome differs from and is not affected by colon gut microbiota in small ruminants. Although, further studies with larger number of animals and covering other animal tissues are required, results point to a common circulating bacterial profile on mammals being phylum Proteobacteria, and genera Pseudomonas and Prevotella the most abundants. All suggest that PBMC microbiome in healthy ruminants could be implicated in homeostatic condition. This study expands our knowledge about PBMC microbiome contribution to health in farm animals.
Addressing widespread misidentifications of traditional medicinal mushrooms in Sanghuangporus (Basidiomycota) through ITS barcoding and designation of reference sequences
Authors: Shen Shan , Liu Shi-Liang , Jiang Ji-Hang , Zhou Li-Wei
Published: April 2021

“Sanghuang” refers to a group of important traditionally-used medicinal mushrooms belonging to the genus Sanghuangporus. In practice, species of Sanghuangporus referred to in medicinal studies and industry are now differentiated mainly by a BLAST search of GenBank with the ITS barcoding region as a query. However, inappropriately labeled ITS sequences of “Sanghuang” in GenBank restrict accurate species identification and, to some extent, the utilization of these species as medicinal resources. We examined all available 271 ITS sequences related to “Sanghuang” in GenBank including 31 newly submitted sequences from this study. Of these sequences, more than half were mislabeled so we have now corrected the corresponding species names. The mislabeled sequences mainly came from strains utilized by non-taxonomists. Based on the analyses of ITS sequences submitted by taxonomists as well as morphological characters, we separate the newly described Sanghuangporus subbaumii from S. baumii and treat S. toxicodendri as a later synonym of S. quercicola. Fourteen species of Sanghuangporus are accepted, with intraspecific distances up to 1.30% (except in S. vaninii, S. weirianus and S. zonatus) and interspecific distances above 1.30% (except between S. alpinus and S. lonicerinus, and S. baumii and S. subbaumii). To stabilize the concept of these 14 species of Sanghuangporus, their taxonomic information and reliable ITS reference sequences are provided. Moreover, ten potential diagnostic sequences are provided for Hyperbranched Rolling Circle Amplification to rapidly confirm three common commercial species, viz. S. baumii, S. sanghuang, and S. vaninii. Our results provide a practical method for ITS barcoding-based species identification of Sanghuangporus and will promote medicinal studies and commercial development from taxonomically correct material.
Validity of MDCT cholangiography in differentiating benign and malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Alsowey Ahmed M. , Salem Ahmed F. , Amin Mohamed I.
Published: April 2021

Background

MDCT cholangiography can be utilized to identify variant biliary anatomy to guide preoperative planning of biliary surgery, and determine the cause and level of biliary obstruction. Early tumor detection and staging of biliary cancer are key factors for a possible cure by surgical resection. Between December 2019 and October 2020, 69 patients with clinically suspected biliary obstruction were enrolled in the study, subjected to clinical assessment (full history taking and clinical examination) and imaging assessment by MDCT cholangiography. Our findings were correlated to standard reference examinations including operative/ERCP/biopsy and histopathology findings.

Results

The most affected age was between 60 and 70 years old, and males were more affected. The commonest clinical presentation was yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera followed by biliary colic. Right hypochondrial tenderness was the main clinical finding on clinical examination. Our patients were categorized according to the etiology of biliary obstruction into 7 groups: malignant stricture 52.2% (36 patients), calcular 24.6% (17 patients), iatrogenic 5.8% (4 patients), portahepatis lesions 5.8% (4 patients), benign stricture 4.3% (3 patients), inflammatory 4.3% (3 patients), and congenital 1.4% (1 patient). The malignant group shows dominant mass, moderate biliary obstruction, and arterial and venous enhancement. The overall sensitivity was 94% for malignancy.

Conclusion

MDCT cholangiography is non-invasive, fast, and highly sensitive and specific in the diagnosis of different causes and levels of biliary obstruction and is useful in the characterization of the lesion in cases of malignant obstruction and differentiating it from benign stricture. It can be used as an effective alternative to ERCP or PTC.
Room-Temperature Coalescence of Tri-n-Octylphosphine-Oxide-Capped Cu-Ag Core-Shell Nanoparticles: Effect of Sintering Agent and/or Reducing Agent
Authors: Okada Soichiro , Nakahara Yoshio , Watanabe Mitsuru , Tamai Toshiyuki , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Yajima Setsuko
Published: April 2021

Metal nanoparticle pastes are useful for nanoinks to form fine conductive patterns in printed electronics. This study reports a novel method for room-temperature coalescence of Cu-Ag core-shell nanoparticles (Cu@Ag NPs), which are expected to have the properties of both migration and oxidation resistance originating from Cu and Ag, respectively. First, oleylamine/oleic-acid capped Cu@Ag NPs were synthesized by the galvanic replacement method. Second, the ligand exchange reaction to tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) was carried out on the surface of Cu@Ag NPs. Finally, TOPO-capped Cu@Ag NPs were dipped into methanol containing a sintering agent and/or a reducing agent. When HCl was added as a sintering agent to methanol, the crystallite size of Cu@Ag NPs significantly increased. Furthermore, the almost complete removal of organic compounds and suppression of significant oxidation of Ag and Cu were observed. In consideration of these results, a Cu/Ag conductive thin film was prepared from TOPO-capped Cu@Ag NPs by dipping into methanol containing HCl at room temperature under air atmosphere. Electrical resistivity of the obtained Cu/Ag thin film was (5.1 ± 1.7) × 10−5 Ω m. Microstructural observations and X-ray diffractions of the Cu/Ag thin film revealed that Cu@Ag NPs effectively coalesced at room temperature with slight oxidation.
Prevalence of asymptomatic P. falciparum gametocyte carriage among school children in Mbita, Western Kenya and assessment of the association between gametocyte density, multiplicity of infection and mosquito infection prevalence.
Authors: Touray Abdoulie O. , Mobegi Victor A. , Wamunyokoli Fred , Butungi Hellen , Herren Jeremy K.
Published: April 2021

Background: Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriers are reservoirs for sustaining transmission in malaria endemic regions. Gametocyte presence in the host peripheral blood is a predictor of capacity to transmit malaria. However, it does not always directly translate to mosquito infectivity. Factors that affect mosquito infectivity include, gametocyte sex-ratio and density, multiplicity of infection (MOI), and host and vector anti-parasite immunity. We assess the prevalence of gametocyte carriage and some of its associated risk factors among asymptomatic schoolchildren in Western Kenya and to further analyse the association between gametocyte density, multiplicity of infection (MOI) and mosquito infection prevalence.

Methods: P. falciparum parasite infections were detected by RDT (Rapid Diagnostic Test) and microscopy among schoolchildren (5-15 years old). Blood from 37 microscopy positive gametocyte carriers offered to laboratory reared An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes. A total of 3395 fully fed mosquitoes were screened for Plasmodium sporozoites by ELISA. P. falciparum was genotyped using 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The association between MOI and gametocyte density and mosquito infection prevalence was investigated.

Results: A significantly higher prevalence of P. falciparum infection was found in males 31.54% (764/2422) (p-value < 0.001) compared to females 26.72% (657/2459). The microscopic gametocyte prevalence among the study population was 2% (84/4881). Children aged 5-9 years have a higher prevalence of gametocyte carriage (odds ratios = 2.1 [95% CI = 1.3–3.4], P = 0.002) as compared to children aged 10-15 years. After offering gametocyte positive blood to An. gambiae s.l. by membrane feeding assay, our results indicated that 68.1% of the variation in mosquito infection prevalence was accounted for by gametocyte density and MOI (R-SQR. = 0.681, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: We observed a higher risk of gametocyte carriage among the younger children (5-9 years). Gametocyte density and MOI significantly predicted mosquito infection prevalence.
PRAVNO UREĐENJE POLOŽAJA PRIVATNIH VOJNIH KOMPANIJA
Authors: Krivokapić Boris
Published: April 2021

In our time, private military and security companies, known as private military companies (PVK), are becoming increasingly important. Their growing number, increasing financial and armed strength, the fact that they employ an increasing number of people, and especially the very nature of their business in terms of providing services in the field of security, intelligence, weapons, logistics, etc., up to direct participation in armed operations, even those outside the borders of the state in which they are based, lead to the fact that these entities have an increasing role not only in events within individual states but also in international relations. After a brief review of the concept of PVK and some of the legal issues related to them, the author deals with the problem of international regulation of the position of PVK at the universal and regional level and considers the Montreux Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers and some other documents. The author concludes that everything indicates that it is necessary to create new international legal frameworks at the universal level as soon as possible, which would regulate the most important issues such as defining the most important terms; unification of conditions and ways for the establishment, licensing, and registration of PVK; rights and obligations of PVK and their staff; international supervision of PVK and their staff; the responsibility of all actors involved; the difference between a PVK staff member and a mercenary; rules related to the crossing of PVK weapons and equipment across state borders, etc. For now, much remains controversial - what and how should be regulated by a universal international treaty, who should be its members, what mechanisms of international supervision should be provided for, etc., and even on whether it is at all necessary at this time.
THE MANAGEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AS PERMANENT STRATEGY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Radulović Jovana , Erić Ivana , Vučičević Marko
Published: April 2021

A firm’s competitiveness in markets is not any more valued only by profit and other aspects of business results, but also by the ability for change. Unavoidable business transformation means adjustment. Features of the strong modern economy are economic sustainability and development. Business perspective focused on financial goals as the only one result, today is considered as too conservative and not flexible enough for actual market’s requests - which are not anymore ruled by rigid supply/demand relation, yet the focus of business success is exceeding, to fields of renewability, sustainability, circular economy patterns so as changes prediction. While external and inner business – influential factors have been known since forever, still, a contemporary business entity is today recognized more as an ecosystem. Since the 50s of the XX century, the modern business agility of an enterprise is constantly in process of development, improvement, and valorization via three central factors for surveying sustainability and social impact: environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG). Strictly corporately focused firm ambition is seen as indispensable overcoming, because no matter how much international or global is the nature of business – right now business sphere is irreversibly and with purpose in the process of transformation into the green business. This process means rationalization of its production, but not a rationalization of its productivity too, because the business plan is not presenting just the firm’s ID anymore, but the social effect, economic efforts, and ecological enthusiasm of its management for global improvement of life. In 2008. year, all firms which did not adjust their business with upper mentioned modern aspects didn’t make it, while the 2020 year brings new challenges to contemporary management in way of business politics, crucial business factors, and business trends implementation.
UPRAVLJANJE LJUDSKIM RESURSIMA – IZAZOV NOVOG MILENIJUMA
Authors: Ristić Zoran , Damnjanović Aleksandar
Published: April 2021

The developed world has long known that human resources are the most important factor in the business of any organization. That is why he should be given the greatest attention. However, in the modern world of high technology, it often happens to pay attention to electronic systems and to forget how important people really are. With this text, he wants to emphasize the importance of good interpersonal relations in the organization and point out that employees who do their job well are the most valuable assets it has, that the strength of every company is in the abilities of all employees, that employees make the company what it really is. they are the ones who give life to the company and enable its functioning. The paper emphasizes that the abandonment of old, traditional, and the introduction of new modern management styles is a prerequisite for a successful market presence of any organization and analyzes the situation in this area in our companies. In order to emphasize the new roles of managers, attention is focused on his leadership and coaching skills, and communication skills that are the key to successful cooperation and greater motivation of employees. The recommendations and conclusions contained in this paper can be the basis for further research, with the aim of providing a better theoretical basis for effective and efficient human resource management in facing the many challenges of the new millennium.
Auge y Declive de la “Democracia Ateniense” a través del Teatro Griego
Authors: Herrreras Maldonado Enrique
Published: April 2021

La idea principal de este artículo radica en la consideración de que el teatro griego tiene una gran importancia para comprender el auge y el declive de la democracia ateniense. Esta tesis se funda en que el escenario participa en el discurso democrático mediante el uso del diálogo y del debate, y en él se esbozan conflictos de calado político que tienen un carácter claramente democrático. Son dichos conflictos los que iremos vislumbrando en este trabajo, sin dejar de perfilar el contexto en el que se producen. Para ello nos proponemos demostrar la existencia, en la vida real democrática, de una serie de teorías vigentes en las que los autores trágicos y cómicos ocupan un lugar preeminente. Un objetivo que se plantea como una metáfora que sigue aportando reflexiones para nuestra actualidad, y más cuando cada vez es mayor el número de las voces que hablan de la crisis de las democracias occidentales.
Renters Rising! Extending the analysis of housing activism in Europe to the UK
Authors: Mathers Andrew
Published: April 2021

The material effects of austerity in the United Kingdom (UK) have generated a resurgence of activist initiatives in the field of housing central to which is ACORN that has developed into a federated organisation contesting housing practices and policies at both local and national levels. ACORN is used to expand the examination of housing activism in Europe beyond the cases in Spain and Germany to the UK (Ordonez et al, 2015). This article also utilises the qualitative methodology of a comparative case study and the framework of ideological and social backgrounds, political repertoires and political logics to present and analyse ACORN. While ACORN displays striking similarities to other cases, it also represents a different trajectory in housing activism that combines direct action with an engagement with party politics as social democracy seeks to return to its roots.
“Una larga escala de jerarquía y diferencia de valor entre hombre y hombre”. Alcance y límites del agonismo político nietzscheano
Authors: Barrios Casares Manuel
Published: April 2021

After reviewing the historical fortune of Nietzsche as a political thinker, it is discussed what aspects of his philosophy can be most useful for the deployment of a pluralist democracy, in the sense of political agonism claimed today by some of his interpreters. But the reasons why an articulation of democracy and aristocratic culture is coagulated in his philosophy are also pointed out. For this, the question of the agon in Nietzsche is approached and its discrepancy with the Schmittian idea of the friend-enemy pair, as distinctive of the essence of the political, is pointed out, thus placing the Nietzschean critique of modernity in perspective.
Comprendiendo las enfermedades raras. Educación y humanismo en la sociedad actual
Authors: Paramá Díaz Anabel
Published: April 2021

El hombre es un ser relacional influenciado por el entorno y por los demás. Una relación que puede ser positiva ya que permite el diálogo, la fraternidad, el cariño y el cuidado, o negativa, porque puede generar sobreprotección, destrucción e incluso violencia. En este sentido, en este trabajo ahondaremos en la comprensión de, precisamente, lo diferente. Para ello nos centraremos en el caso de las enfermedades poco frecuentes y los mecanismos para minimizar los procesos de exclusión que sufre este grupo de personas, la relación con los profesionales de la medicina y aspectos relacionados con el mundo laboral, entre otros. Una serie de aspectos que, debido a la baja prevalencia de estas enfermedades, son poco estudiados, por lo que el avance en el conocimiento de estas patologías se ve muy reducido. Todo esto conlleva graves consecuencias para las personas afectadas, encontrándose desprotegidas en ámbitos como el social y el laboral.
The Image of The Inter-American Court of Human Rights as an Agent of Democratic Transformation: A Tool of Self-Validation
Authors: Torres Zúñiga Natalia
Published: April 2021

This paper provides a critical analysis of the premises and arguments put forward by the Ius Constitutionale Commune en America Latina project to ground the image of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights as an agent of democratic transformation. It highlights three critical aspects: 1. the profile of the Court is constructed by legal scholars relying on self-validation and selfreferentiality, 2. that image validates the idea that lawyers and the judiciary are agents of transformation ruling over local spaces from above, thereby discarding people as the central subjects of change and democratization, and 3. the concept of representative democracy becomes a device that secures the self-validating dynamics of the image of the Court as democracy builder.
Mathematics literacy skills in pre-service teachers: What could they do?
Authors: Istiandaru Afit , Prasetyo Puguh Wahyu , Istihapsari Vita
Published: April 2021

Mathematics literacy is individual capacity to formulate, to employ, and to interpret mathematics in various contexts. Indonesian students aged 15 are required to perform these three skills and these abilities reflect the success of the curriculum. The results, however, are never considered satisfying since, many argue, the students are not accustomed to deal with the mathematics literacy problems. Teacher is then the one who takes the responsibility to make the students familiar with the literacy problems. This research aims to look closer at the mathematics literacy skills possessed by pre-service teachers. It is a qualitative research which involved 128 undergraduate student teachers as the subjects. A custom mathematics literacy test was developed with various contexts to measure the student teachers’ literacy skills according to the PISA framework. The results suggest that they performed well in the level 1 to 3 problems, but not in the level 4 to 6. Many errors made by the student teachers in the stage of formulating, employing, or interpreting. Finally, teachers need to be accustomed to this skill before they are ready enough to teach their students.
The Educational Environment of the University as a Factor in Shaping the Management Culture of the Future Social Security Specialist
Authors:   State Higher Educational Institution Donbass State Teachers' Training University, Konoshenko Serhii , Konoshenko Nataliia ,   SHEE "Donbas State Pedagogical University", Gordienko Karyna ,   SHEE "Donbas State Pedagogical University"
Published: April 2021

The article substantiates the educational environment of the university as a factor in shaping the management culture of the future social security specialist. The resources (personal, organizational, social partnership) of the educational environment of the university in the formation of the management culture of the future social security specialist are characterized. Subject-spatial, value-based content-technological, organizational-managerial, subjective components of the educational environment of a higher education institution are considered. The signs of polyvariance of the university environment in the formation of the parameters of the management culture of the future social security specialist are determined. It is proved that the multivariate educational environment of the university allows to solve the problem of forming the management culture of the future social security specialist through the use of his resources in the educational process, in extracurricular activities, in the organization of independent student work. Pedagogical influence of environmental resources on the student, ensures his active involvement in educational, research, creative extracurricular activities, increases the level of managerial knowledge, provides an opportunity to practice management skills, forms professional and managerial values.
Lines of Research in Communication in Professional Dimension
Authors:   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Revutska Svitlana , Parkhomenko Kyrylo ,   Kharkiv National Medical University, Molchaniuk Olha ,   MI "Kharkiv Humanitarian and Pedagogical Academy" of the Kharkiv Regional Council, Palchуk Oksana ,   MI "Kharkiv Humanitarian and Pedagogical Academy" of the Kharkiv Regional Council
Published: April 2021

The article substantiates the need to study the problems of communication in the professional dimension and to apply information about the general mechanisms of communication to the professions of NGU officer and doctor. The choice of these professions is determined by the following factors: the importance of communicative competence for the representatives of these professions to ensure the peace of social community (citizens – in relation to a NGU officer) and individuals (patients – in relation to a doctor); great social responsibility: demonstration of the domination of law and order (in relation to NGU officers) and responsibility for a human life (in relation to doctors); low research level of these issues. Analysis of discursive practices of these professions representatives, common and distinctive features of their communication, questionnaires and surveys confirmed the need to develop these problems. The main research directions were substantiated for law enforcement officers (strategies in communication with offenders; ways of conflicts neutralization; communicative tactics of providing support in communication; peculiarities of interaction with mass media representatives; negotiation; specifics of persuasion for various target audiences; peculiarities of communication in social networks; resistance to manipulative influence) and for doctors (strategies in communication with a patient; maxims of quantity, quality, tact, generosity, etc.; creating a climate of support in communicative interaction; strategies and tactics in communicating with patients of different ages and psychological characteristics).
The Problem of Formation of Civic and Social Competencies of Teenagers in the Process of Socio-Pedagogical Communication
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Babych Liudmyla
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of formation of civic and social competencies of teenagers in the process of social and pedagogical communication. The main focus is on revealing the essence and content of concepts «civic competence», «social competence». Features of adolescence, and also the importance and possibilities of formation civic and social competencies of this age period in the process of socio-pedagogical communication are revealed. It is noted that there is a need for more detailed study: the content of the concept «civic and social competencies of teenagers»; features of the formation of civic and social competencies of teenagers in the process of socio-pedagogical communication; technologies for the formation of civic and social competencies of adolescents in the process of socio-pedagogical communication; criteria, indicators and levels of formation of civic and social competencies of adolescents; improvement of diagnostic tools of assessment of the level of civic and social competencies of adolescents, and also improving the content, forms and methods of training of subjects of the process of formation of civic and social competencies of adolescents in general secondary education institutions; development of scientific-methodical and information support of the process of civic and social competencies of adolescents among general secondary education institutions, etc.
Оrganization of Independent Work of Students in the Context of Innovation Processes
Authors:   SHEE ", Tsibulko Hryhorii ,   Donbas State Pedagogical University", Pshenichny Maksym ,   SHEE "Donbas State Pedagogical University", Bozhenko Ihor ,   SHEE "Donbas State Pedagogical University"
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the problem of organizing independent work of students. The methodology of using the organizational management model, its essence, and main advantages in the modular training system are revealed. Individualization of the content of the modular system in accordance with the real needs of each student is a consistent program of self-development. An individual project was proposed, which was formed on the basis of establishing the actual level of knowledge, and skills in a certain field of activity or, if necessary, the development of specific personal qualities. The implementation of the managerial principle of obligation depends on the level of formation of such an important quality of the subject of management as «ability to self-manage». Violation of this principle leads to non-fulfillment of an individual plan, and, as a result, the appearens of the sense of dissatisfaction and the decrease in student activity. The student must learn to change the entire hierarchy of forms of their own activity consciously and purposefully: communication, behavior, activities and experiences. Students were assisted in improving their ability to manage themselves, starting at the stage where the student showed the more sustained interest. The introduction of operational models of operational management makes it possible to reflect the objectivity of the assessment of all types of educational activities, which foreses the creation of conditions under which the existing knowledge and skills are identified as accurately as possible.
Cultural Competence as a Factor Successful Professional Activity
Authors:   Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University, Varnavskaya Inna
Published: April 2021

Article analyzes the problems of cultural competence as the main factor of successful professional activity of applicants for higher education in economic specialties, since the formation of personality culture as the most important condition for its self – organization and self-development is one of the leading tasks of modern education. A generally accepted and important characteristic of a specialist is a certain set of professional knowledge and skills, which may not coincide in the composition, structure, and severity of certain qualities in representatives of different types of activity. The article analyzes cultural competence and as a result of the study, it turns out that where emotional intelligence is powerless, a person with a well-developed emotional intelligence understands what all people have in common and what distinguishes each of us from the other. A culturally competent person, while also being a specialist in economic specialties, is able to determine which properties of a particular person are characteristic of all people, which are only for him, and which are neither universal nor unique. Therefore, he adapts quite easily to the Customs and traditions of the new environment: he gets into the habit of observing and consciously adapting to the new environment. The findings state that cultural competence is the result of a development process that requires long-term commitment. This is not a specific end product that can be achieved based on the results of a two-hour master class, it requires an active learning and practice process for a long time. It’s easier to talk about becoming culturally competent than to do it. Professionals who work with different ethnic and cultural groups and can therefore become more culturally competent by advancing through three main stages: developing awareness, acquiring knowledge, and developing and maintaining cross-cultural skills.
Political Conclusion of Educators in the 1920s–1930s as Part of Political Repression
Authors:   National Historical and Memorial Reserve ", Bryvko Mykola ,   Bykivnia Graves"
Published: April 2021

The current situation and development of society increasingly tells us about certain trends of political harassment of public and political figures, as part of the process of repression, including in the field of education, compared to the tragic pages of our past. And so this topic is quite relevant in modern scientific discourse. The research methodology is based on the principles of objectivity, systematics, historicism, dialectics and interdisciplinarity. Namely, the study is based on historical and historical-pedagogical methods. The study provides examples of political harassment of representatives of the Soviet education system in the 1920s and 1930s, including through the media, both socio-political and professional educational significance. These data clearly reveal the attempts of the Soviet government to use the consciousness of citizens in the struggle against the «enemies of the people» and the supremacy of the Bolsheviks over the rights of every person to maintain their power. In addition to the disclosure of the topic is the involvement of documentary sources that demonstrate the political harassment of educators in speeches at various meetings and rallies. These examples of political harassment of educators provide an opportunity to study more deeply the mechanisms of political repression of the Ukrainian intelligentsia as a whole and see what methods of psychological pressure, manipulation and change of consciousness, especially youth and children, are inherent in Soviet power. But to analyze their future manifestations in the future and to develop a methodology for combating these negative phenomena in a democratic society, which requires further efforts of scientists.
On the other side of care: a nurse with arrhythmia
Authors: Ellis Peter
Published: April 2021

Peter Ellis shares what he has learnt from his experience of being a cardiac nurse with a heart condition.
Administration after incorporation
Authors: Odell Kirsty , Hall Georgina
Published: April 2021

Kirsty Odell, Associate and Georgina Hall, Paralegal at specialist healthcare law firm Hempsons explain what you need to do once you have incorporated a company
Differential Role of Renal Alpha 1 Adreno Receptors Subtypes in Renal Vasculature in Normotensive and Hypertensive Conditions Subjected to High Dietary Salt Load
Authors: Kazi Raisa N
Published: April 2021

Chronic high salt intake is well known to be linked to cause an increase in the blood pressure and one of the pathogenic effects of high salt on blood pressure is vascular functional impairment. The effect of sodium on vasculature involves an increase in the vascular resistance that could triggers a rise in the blood pressure. Sodium-induced increase in vascular resistance is primarily independent of any change in blood pressure; however, it could be an initiating factor for increase in the blood pressure. Salt induced increase in the vascular resistance involves alterations in several vasoregulatory mechanisms as evidenced in various vascular beds. A mechanism exhibiting a substantial effect on vascular function is the alpha (α1)-adrenergic system that significantly influences vascular resistance, thereby affecting peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure. This review focused on the effects of increase dietary sodium intake on the α1-adrenergic system in renal vascular beds under normotensive and hypertensive conditions. Because the α1-adrenergic regulations of renal vascular function and renal hemodynamics affect blood pressure to a great extent, renal vascular assessment was performed. Study reports enhanced renal vascular sensitivity to α1-adrenergic agonist in high sodium normotensive and hypertensive condition, this could be due to functional alterations in the renal α1-adrenoreceptor density. This provide additional evidence on the underlying vascular pathology in salt-induced hypertension.
Comparison of Pedal Arch Anatomy in First and Second Grade Elementary School Students in Denpasar with Flat Foot and Normal Foot
Authors: Sumadewi Komang Trisna
Published: April 2021

Flat foot is a condition which pedal arch is absent. This condition is count physiological if found in infants and children at a certain age due to incomplete development of bone structure and surrounding tissue. Flat foot is a common condition in pediatrics, which affects about 20% to 30% of the world's population. The prevalence of flat foot will decrease concomitantly with age. At two years old, 94% of children experience flat foot and only 4% at ten years old experience this condition. Most children will show complete and normal development of the sole foot at 12 years old. Pedal arch is one of the important parts that affect the anatomical structure of the lower limb and foot biomechanical. This study aims to compare the anatomical structure of the pedal arch in patients with flat foot and normal foot from Arch Height Index (AHI), Plantar Arch Index, Calcaneal Pitch Angle (CP), Talo-Horizontal Angle (TH), and Meary’s talus-first metatarsal (T-1MT). This study is an analytical study with a cross sectional approach using a sample of 30 elementary school students in Denpasar. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis and comparative test. In this study, we found significant differences in the plantar arch index and calcaneal pitch angle between students with normal foot and flat foot. We also found no significant differences in AHI, T-1MT and TH between students with normal foot and flat foot.
Spinal Degeneration and Degenerative Disc Disease correlation identified with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Alkhasawneh Mahmoud H. , Al-Mnayyis Asma’a , Bagain Yazeed
Published: April 2021

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the golden standard technique for spine disc disease diagnosis. Vertebral body endplate signal intensity on MRI is confirming lumber spine degenerative disc disease.The study aimed to record the lumbar spine degenerative relation between disc and diseaseusing magnetic resonance imaging. Our prospective and double blind investigation included 142 participants,having lumbar spine degenerativedisease confirmed by MRI. Pfirrmann score was used to record the relation between lumbar spine disc degeneration and lumbar spine degenerative disease. Modic modifications with the Pfirrmann and modified Pfirrmann scores of disc degeneration were assessed.Lumbar spine MRI was done for all participants using sagittal T1 and T2 WI. Modic was scored (0-III) The Pfirrmann scored I-V for disc degeneration. Lumbar disc degeneration was evaluated by modified Pfirrmann scoring from 1-8 according to signal intensity of the nucleus pulposus and inner annulus.Modic was recorded in 41.5%, 24.6%, 32.4% and 1.4% of participants with scores 0, I, II and III, respectively. Pfirrmann score was 13.4%, 73.9% and 12.7% of disc degeneration with scores III, IV and V, respectively, while,the modified Pfirrmann score was 2.1%, 15.5%, 38.7%, 26.8% and 16.9% of disc degeneration with scores of 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, respectively. The modified Pfirrmann score showed notableinconsistencyin participants with Modic 0, I and II, but no difference between Modic I and II.There was significant relation between Modicand lumbar spine disc degeneration. In conclusion, there is a relation between Modic, Pfirrmann and modified Pfirrmann scores of lumbar spine disc degeneration in participants with lumbar spine degenerative disease.
Test de potencial emprendedor: adaptación al español (ATE-S)
Authors: Bernal Guerrero Antonio , Cárdenas Gutiérrez Antonio Ramón , Athayde Rosemary
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. El potencial emprendedor (enterprise potential) constituye una compleja realidad, dinámica e inherente a los sujetos, vinculada a la acción de emprender en determinadoscontextos y situaciones. El desarrollo de la educación emprendedora ha generado interés por lacreación de instrumentos que midan el impacto de los programas formativos sobre el potencialemprendedor, aunque la población comprendida en edad escolar obligatoria aún no ha sido objeto de estudio. El Attitude Toward Enterprise Test (ATE) es una conocida prueba, ideada por Rosemary Athayde, que evalúa el potencial emprendedor. El propósito del estudio ha sido adaptar el ATE al español en una muestra de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, puesto que no existen pruebas de evaluación análogas en esta etapa de la enseñanza. MÉTODO. La adaptación del ATE-S se hizo con una muestra de 1.440 sujetos, donde un 52.8% fueron alumnos y un 47.2% alumnas, con una M=14.6 años. En primer orden, se realizó un estudio de la dimensionalidad de los 30 ítems mediante un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE), encontrando una estructura factorial de cinco dimensiones con 22 ítems, a diferencia de la versión original del ATE. En segundo lugar, se efectuó un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) mediante estimación de máxima verosimilitudrobusta. Por último, se estudiaron su fiabilidad y su validez. RESULTADOS. Se confirmó una estructura pentafactorial con un factor de segundo orden (potencial emprendedor). El modelo presenta un buen ajuste (GFI=.998; CFI=.994; TLI=.987; RMSEA=.069; SMRA=.08). La fiabilidad de las puntuaciones es mayor que la de la versión original y se ha demostrado su validez. DISCUSIÓN. Esta investigación ha aclarado la estructura factorial del ATE en su versión española con buenas propiedades psicométricas y una estructura factorial consolidada.
Gastric lipoma: a rare cause of massive haematemesis
Authors: Kumar S , Kumar A , Dayal M , Prakash V
Published: April 2021

Gastric lipomas are rare benign neoplasms of the stomach. These submucosal lesions and located mostly in the antral region of the stomach. Small lipomas are usually asymptomatic and are detected incidentally. When large, they may present with abdominal pain, gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding or gastric outlet obstruction. We hereby present a case of gastric lipoma in a 54-year-old man presenting with massive upper GI bleed and haemodynamic instability. The diagnosis was established with endoscopy and contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen. After resuscitation, the patient underwent laparoscopic resection of the antral lipoma.
Evaluation of the efficacy of foam sclerosant after addition of glycerine on human great saphenous vein: histological and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Sawaby A , Maklad S , Atta I , El Abd A , Mady MM , Solaiman AAM
Published: April 2021

Introduction

Several treatment modalities have been postulated to improve the efficacy of varicose vein treatment. Addition of glycerine to the sclerosing material has been documented to increase its viscosity and subsequently prolong the duration of stability, in addition to the direct sclerosing effect of glycerine. This histological and immunohistochemical study investigated the efficacy of addition of glycerine 72% to sclerotherapy on the human varicose vein.

Methods

After surgical stripping of great saphenous veins, three equal segments were resected between two clamps. Specimen 1 was injected with saline only, specimen 2 was exposed to foam sclerosant 2%, and specimen 3 was exposed to a mixture of foam sclerosant 2% and glycerine 72%. All segments were left for 5min. Vein segments were then processed for histological and immunohistochemical study.

Results

Microscopically, haematoxylin and eosin-stained specimen 1 showed endothelial swelling, cytoplasmic eosinophilia and pyknotic nuclei. The media showed sarcoplasm vacuolisation and necrosis. Specimen 3 showed hypereosinophilic sarcoplasm of the smooth muscle fibres. Oedema was less evident, with a relative decrease in the thickness of the wall compared with specimen 2. Immunohistochemically, the expression of smooth muscle actin was weak in specimen 3 compared with specimens 1 and 2. Expression of CD31 antibody was much reduced in specimen 2 which showed conserved islands of endothelial cells. By contrast, there was a complete loss of endothelial cells in specimen 3.

Conclusion

Addition of glycerine 72% to foam sclerosant has a more damaging effect on human vein wall.
10 errores frecuentes al hablar de educación artística. Apuntes para fundamentar ideas y desestimar estereotipos
Authors: Gustems Josep , Calderón-Garrido Diego , Burset Silvia , Martín Carolina
Published: April 2021

Este artículo trata de analizar, a partir de documentos y literatura científica, algunas consideraciones sobre la educación artística que podrían llevarnos a errores fundamentados en estereotipos superficiales. Para ello se repasan investigaciones sobre cuestiones históricas y curriculares vinculadas a la implementación de los estudios de maestros especialistas en artes, tanto de primaria como de secundaria, centrándonos especialmente en el contexto español y europeo. También se examinan algunas relaciones de la educación artística con la educación emocional, los límites de la interdisciplinariedad aplicada a educación artística y las políticas académicas respecto a la formación de maestros especialistas en España. La presencia universitaria de estas áreas de conocimiento conlleva algunos impedimentos de orden histórico, formativo y organizativo que pueden representar una dificultad añadida a la consolidación de dichas áreas. Todo ello nos permitirá hacer un repaso de los contenidos, procesos y decisiones educativas inherentes a estas materias, pues forman parte de su idiosincrasia y epistemología. Como conclusión, se destaca la necesidad de romper con algunos estereotipos que dificultan el avance y la consolidación de estas áreas por parte de la comunidad educativa a todos los niveles.
Libro: El arte de no enseñar lengua
Authors: Rius-Escudé Agnès
Published: April 2021

Reseña del libro de Francisco José Cantero, que es un material para reflexionar sobre la competencia estratégica y comunicativa y, a su vez, una herramienta esencial y básica para practicar en el arte de comunicarse en las asignaturas de didáctica de la lengua cambiando las funciones del profesor de lengua.
Didáctica de la geografía y ciudadanía sostenible
Authors: De Miguel González Rafael
Published: April 2021

Introducción al monográfico