bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO DESIGNING EXPERIMENTS WHEN DEALING WITH IDENTIFICATION TESTS FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCT COMPONENTS (AS ILLUSTRATED BY ASCORBIC ACID)
Authors: Purim Yu. B. , Kruglyakova M. L. , Bulanova L. N. , Agapkina M. V. , Stronova L. N. , Bokovikova T. N. , Gernikova E. P.
Published: September 2018

The need for identification  testing of active substances or excipients in multi-component medicinal products,  including the use of qualitative tests, calls for research substantiating the choice of tests and test conditions  with due regard to interference  effects caused by other components  of medicinal products and the amount of the sample used. The aim of the study was to develop a methodological approach to designing experiments while selecting qualitative reactions for identification testing of a medicinal product component based on the results of studies investigating the possibility of using known qualitative tests (as illustrated by ascorbic acid in a multi-component product — 0.4 mg of ascorbic acid per 100 mg of the vial contents)  with due regard to interference on the part of other medicinal product components and the amount of the sample used. Material and methods: the study focused on a multi-component medicinal product — lyophilisate for solution for intravenous and intramuscular  injections containing an antiinflammatory active substance and ascorbic acid as a stabilizing agent (antioxidant). The analysis of literature sources helped to determine qualitative tests that were assessed for potential use for identification testing of ascorbic acid as a component of the analysed medicinal product. The study involved experimental testing of the qualitative reactions based on acidic and reducing properties of ascorbic acid. Results: it was demonstrated that several well-known qualitative tests could be used for identification  testing of ascorbic acid as a component of the analysed medicinal product,  namely, the reaction of ferrous ascorbate formation  and the reaction of silver nitrate reduction to metallic silver after preliminary separation of ascorbic acid from the other medicinal product components, as well as the reaction of Prussian blue formation,  iodine test and reaction with a potassium permanganate solution, which do not require additional sample preparation.  It is not practicable to use the reaction with a methylene blue solution and the Fehling’s reagent reaction for this particular medicinal product,  since their results are feeble. Conclusions: the analysis of the multi-component medicinal product helped to develop a methodological  approach to choosing qualitative reactions for identification testing of one of the medicinal product’s components  (e.g., ascorbic acid). The suggested algorithm includes the choice of reactions, determination of their sensitivity and applicability for a particular medicinal product, analysis of the other components’ effects on the results of the chemical reaction,  and the need for additional sample preparation.  The whole complex of the studies performed helped to determine qualitative reactions and optimal conditions for identification testing of the analysed substance.
KKTC Hukuku’nda Evlilik Dışı Çocuğun Soybağı İle İlgili Hükümlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KÜLAHÇI Şölen
Published: September 2018

Evlilk dışı çocuğun soybağının belirlenmesi Fasıl 278 Evlilik Dışı Çocuklar
Yasası’nda düzenlenmiştir. Yasa’da evlilik dışı çocuğun hakları bakımından
çağdışı hükümler yer almaktadır. Ayrıca, Yasanın geneline hakim olan anlatım
bozukluğu da hükümlerin anlaşılmasını engellemektedir. Aynı Yasa’nın yürülükte
olduğu Kıbrıs Rum Kesiminde ise söz konusu çağ dışı hükümler BM Çocuk
Hakları Sözleşmesi’nin Evlilik Dışı Çocukların Tanınmasına Dair Ek Protokolü
Çerçevesinde yürürlükten kaldırılmıştır. Ancak, KKTC’de Fasıl 278 ile ilgili
her hangi bir değişiklik çalışması bulunmamaktadır. İşte bu çalışmanın amacı,
KKTC Hukuku’nda evlilik dışı çocuk bakımından insan hakları ihlali olarak
değerlendirilebilecek olan bu yasal düzenlemeleri incelemek ve konu ile ilgili
olarak çözüm önerileri getirmektir.
Anonim Şirketlerde Rekabet Yasağı (TTK m.396)
Authors: AŞIK Pınar
Published: September 2018

Rekabet, kişilerin ve toplumun gelişmesi açısından gereklidir. Ancak sınırsız

ve kontrolsüz bir rekabet ortamı zararlı sonuçlar doğurur. Bu nedenle hemen

hemen her ülkede rekabet özgürlüğünün sınırları kanunlarla çizilmiştir. Mevzuatımızdaki

rekabet yasağı düzenlemeleri de Anayasamızda var olan temel

haklardan rekabet etme özgürlüğüne sınırlama getirmektedir. Bu düzenlemelerle

belli görevlerde bulunan bazı kişilerin bu görevleri dolayısıyla edinmiş olduğu

bilgileri, kendi veya başkaları yararına kullanmasını engellemeye yönelik olarak

bazı konularda iş yapmaları yasaklanmaktadır. Makalemizde esas olarak anonim

şirketlerde yönetim kurulu üyelerinin rekabet hakkına sınırlama getiren bu

yasağın sınırları, şartları, kapsamı ve yasağın ihlalinin hüküm ve sonuçları 6102

sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunu açısından ele alınmış ve rekabet yasağına ilişkin

diğer düzenlemelere de gerekli olduğu ölçüde değinilmiştir.
Hayatımız Kaç Para Eder?
Authors: OĞUZ Fuat , BENLİ Erman
Published: September 2018

Hayatın istatistiksel değeri (HİD), hem ekonomik ve sosyal düzenlemelerde

hem de tazminat hesaplaması gibi yargı süreçlerinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır.

Ülkemizde, düzenleyici otoriteler, düzenlemelerini HİD’i esas alarak

yapmamaktadır. Mahkemelerde kullanılan yöntem insanı bir sermaye malı

olarak gören yaklaşımı esas almaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, önleyicilik amacı yerine

zararın telafisi amacını gütmektedir. Bu çalışma, HİD’i, hesaplama yöntemlerini

ve ölüm tehlikesi ile uygulamada ortaya çıkan sorunları açıklamaktadır.

Çalışmada ayrıca, Türk hukukunda tazminat hesabının, HİD yöntemine göre

yapılması önerilmektedir. HİD yöntemi, birtakım sınırlılıkları bulunmasına

rağmen geleneksel yönteme kıyasla sosyal faydası daha fazla olan bir yöntemdir.
Yeni Bir Kurum Olarak Ticari İşlemlerde Taşınır Rehni’nin Ticari İşletme Rehni ile Karşılaştırmalı Olarak Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKSOY Mehmet Ali
Published: September 2018

Taşınır ve haklardan oluşan işletme malvarlığı üzerinde işletme unsurlarının teslimine

gerek kalmaksızın rehin hakkı kurulmasını sağlamak amacıyla 21.07.1971

Tarih ve 1447 Sayılı Ticari İşletme Rehni Kanunu (TİRK) çıkarılmıştır. Yaklaşık

45 yıl gibi bir süre uygulanan Kanun 1.1.2017 itibariyle yerini aynı amacı taşıyan

6750 Sayılı Ticari İşlemlerde Taşınır Rehni Kanunu’na (TRK) bırakmıştır. Bu

çalışmada teslimsiz taşınır rehnini düzenleyen Ticari İşlemlerde Taşınır Rehni

Kanunu ile Ticari İşletme Rehni Kanunu karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. 
İflas Erteleme Talebinde Bulunan Grup Şirketlerinde “Kefalet” Çelişkisi
Authors: KAPLANHAN Fatih
Published: September 2018

“İflas erteleme” uygulaması Türk hukukunda ilk kez 6762 sayılı Türk Ticaret
Kanunu’nun 324. maddesinde düzenlenmiştir. Daha sonra ise yeni TTK’nın
377. maddesinde iflasın ertelenmesi ile ilgili düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Bu
maddede özetle; şirketin mali durumunun bozulması halinde mahkemeye iyileştirme
projesi sunularak iflasın ertelenmesi istenebilir. Uygulamada; ortakları
aynı veya büyük oranda benzer olan (grup) şirketleri her ne kadar ayrı tüzel
kişilikler olsa da birbirlerine gerek ortakları bakımından gerekse kefalet, taşeronluk
vs ilişkileri bakımından bir birlerine çok sıkı bağlı olabilmektedir. Bu
sebeple grup şirketlerinden herhangi birisinin mali durumunun bozulması veya
aktiflerinin pasiflerini karşılayamaması durumunda grup şirketlerinin de mali
durumu bozulabilmektedir. Bu durumda ayrı tüzel kişilikler olarak bu grup
şirketlerinin her biri İflas Erteleme talebinde bulunmaktadır. Grup şirketlerinin
açtıkları iflas erteleme davalarında, şirketlerin birbirlerine olan kefaletlerinin
yorumlanması farklılık arz etmektedir. Henüz mevzuat ve teamül oluşmadığı
için farklı yorumlar farklı uygulamalara sebep olmakta bu da telafisi mümkün
olmayan hatalara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da iflasın ertelenmesi
başvurusunda bulunan grup şirketlerinde yaşanan; kefalet yorumu sorununa
değinilerek çözüm önerileri sunulacaktır.
Suçun Biçimsel ve Maddi Anlayışı Açısından Rusya Federasyonu Ceza Hukukunda Suç Kavramı
Authors: HÜSEYİNOĞLU Emin
Published: September 2018

Çar Rusyası’nda bulunan suçun biçimsel tanımı ve onun uzantısı olan “kanunsuz

suç ve ceza olmaz” ilkesi, Sovyet Rusya’sı döneminde ilk başta terkedilmiş ve

suçun maddi tanımı kabul edilmiştir. Ancak 1958 yılında “kanunsuz suç ve ceza

olmaz” ilkesi tekrar kabul edilmiş ve hazırlanan yeni 1960 tarihli Rusya Sovyet

Federatif Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti Ceza Kanunu’nda suçun biçimsel-maddi tanımına

yer verilmiştir. Suçun biçimsel-maddi tanımı bugün yürürlükte bulunan

Rusya Federasyonu Ceza Kanunu’nda da bulunmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada Rusya Federasyonu ceza hukukunda yer alan suç kavramı; suçun

biçimsel ve maddi anlayışı, Çarlık Rusyası’ndan günümüze Rus hukukunda

suç kavramının tarihsel gelişimi, Rusya Federasyonu Ceza Kanunu’nda bulunan

suçun özellikleri ve yapısal unsurları incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın sonuç

bölümünde, az önemli olduğu için sosyal tehlikeli sayılmayan eylemlerin

cezalandırılmamasını öngören Rusya Federasyonu Ceza Kanunu’ndaki düzenlemeye

benzer bir hükmün Türk Ceza Kanunu’na eklenmesi konusunda öneride

bulunulmaktadır.
Uluslararası Hukuk Açısından Kosova Uzman Daireleri
Authors: TERZİOĞLU Süleyman Sırrı
Published: September 2018

Bağımsızlık sürecinde Kosova’da yaşanan insancıl hukuk ihlallerinin yargılanması

amacıyla çeşitli mekanizmalar kurulmuştur. Öncelikle UNMIK yönetimi

altında “Tüzük 64 Panelleri” adı verilen melez mekanizmalar oluşturulmuş,

Kosova’nın bağımsızlık ilanından sonra ise bu yargılamalar, EULEX misyonu

aracılığıyla sürdürülmeye çalışılmıştır. Diğer taraftan, Kosova Kurtuluş Ordusuna

organ kaçakçılığı gibi çeşitli suçlamalar yöneltilmiş ve AB ve ABD’nin

baskısıyla bu iddiaların yargılanması gündeme gelmiştir. Bunun üzerine söz

konusu eylemleri yargılamak amacıyla “Kosova Uzman Daireleri” kurulmuştur.

Makalede UNMIK ve EULEX misyonu çerçevesindeki mekanizmalara

değinildikten sonra, yeni bir melez mahkeme olarak kabul edilebilecek olan

Kosova Uzman Dairelerinin kuruluşu, yapısı ve niteliği, yeri geldiğinde diğer

melez mahkemelerle karşılaştırılarak ele alınacaktır.
Gelir Vergisi Kanunu Tasarlamak: İlke ve Teknik
Authors: ÖZDİLER KÜÇÜK Eda
Published: September 2018

Türk vergi hukuku bakımından temel kaynaklar arasında yer alan 2575 sayılı

İdari Yargılama Usulü Kanunu, 213 sayılı Vergi Usul Kanunu, 193 sayılı Gelir

Vergisi Kanunu ve 5520 sayılı Kurumlar Vergisi Kanunu reform süreci içerisindedir.

Güncel Gelir Vergisi reformuna ilişkin tespit ve öneriler bu makalenin

konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada, Türkiye’de mevcut artan oranlı gelir

vergisi sisteminin teknik olarak ödeme gücünü kavramakta yetersiz kaldığı, gelir

vergi sistemi oluşturulurken artan oranlı ya da düz oranlı vergi sistemi tasarlanmasının

bir vergi politikası tercihi olduğu, bunun yanında indirim, istisna,

muafiyet ve negatif gelir vergisi uygulamalarının mali güce göre vergilendirme

ilkesini tamamlayıcı özelliği olduğu hususları vurgulanacaktır.
Hakem Kararlarının Tamamlanması Talep Edilmeden Aynı Sebeple İptal Talebinde Bulunulmasında Hukuki Menfaat
Authors: SELÇUK Seyhan
Published: September 2018

Nihaî hakem kararında, tarafların taleplerinin tamamı hakkında karar verilmemişse,

tarafların başvurabileceği iki imkân bulunmaktadır. Bunlar, kararının

tamamlanmasının talep edilmesi ve kararın iptalinin talep edilmesidir. Bazı

hukuk düzenlemelerinde bu iki imkân taraflara aynı anda tanınmışken, bazılarında

ise, sadece tamamlama talep edilmesine yer verilmiştir. Hukuki açıdan,

hukuki düzenlemelerde her iki imkânın aynı anda kabul edilmesi halinde, iki

farklı soruyla karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu sorulardan ilki, taraflara tanınmış olan bu

imkânların seçimlik olup olmadığıdır. Karşılaşılabilecek ikinci soru ise, kararın

tamamlanması talep edilmeden doğrudan nihaî karara karşı iptal talebinde

bulunmakta hukuki menfaatin bulunup bulunmadığıdır. Bu çalışmada, bu

sorular hukuki açıdan ele alınmış ve bunlara cevap verilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Las transformaciones sociodemográficas y la vulnerabilidad en los procesos de larga duración
Authors: Foschiatti Ana María H.
Published: September 2018

En los albores del siglo XXI se plantea reiteradamente el tema de la vulnerabilidad sociodemográfica en el estudio de los distintos procesos que involucran a las sociedades humanas, como sí también en los debates sobre políticas públicas dedicadas a reducir la pobreza. Su difusión obedeció a factores y fenómenos muy variados, entre los que figuran la creciente inestabilidad económica, la calidad de vida de las poblaciones, los signos de fragmentación social, la indefensión ante riesgos de diversa naturaleza y la dificultad del acceso de los activos a la movilidad social Esto nos induce a la consideración de esas características en los procesos de cambio demográfico que operan en períodos de tiempo relativamente extensos y tienen la peculiaridad de iniciarse en algunos espacios geográficos y expandirse luego a otros. Los cuatro procesos de duración prolongada que se analizan en este artículo y se los vincula con la vulnerabilidad sociodemográfica son: la transición demográfica, la transición urbana y de la movilidad, la segunda transición demográfica y la transición epidemiológica que estructuran las condiciones demográficas presentes y futuras.
Composición química del aceite esencial de tricomas glandulares peltados en hojas y flores de Lepechinia floribunda (Lamiaceae).
Authors: Camina Julia L. , Dambolena José S. , Zygadlo Julio A. , Ashworth Lorena
Published: September 2018

Composición química del aceite esencial de tricomas glandulares peltados en hojas y flores de Lepechinia floribunda (Lamiaceae). El conocimiento de la composición química del aceite esencial producido por distintos órganos en las plantas, brinda información para conocer las funciones de dichos compuestos. Los aceites esenciales son metabolitos secundarios producidos y almacenados en diferentes estructuras glandulares en hojas, flores y tallos. La composición química del aceite esencial difiere entre órgano de la planta y entre estructuras de secreción, incluso ubicadas en un mismo órgano. Tales diferencias podrían ser consecuencia del distinto tipo y densidad de estructuras glandulares en cada órgano. El aceite esencial del género Lepechinia ha sido escasamente estudiado, sin embargo su uso etnobotánico pone en evidencia propiedades medicinales y antisépticas. Hasta la fecha varios estudios han evaluado la composición química del aceite esencial en distintas partes de las plantas o de la misma estructura glandular en diferentes posiciones dentro de las mismas. Sin embargo, no se han encontrado estudios que evalúen la composición química del aceite esencial del mismo tipo de estructura glandular en hojas y verticilos florales fértiles. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la composición química del aceite esencial proveniente de tricomas glandulares peltados de anteras y hojas de Lepechinia floribunda (Lamiaceae). Se encontró menor riqueza de compuestos químicos y un incremento en la abundancia relativa de monoterpenos hidrogenados en el aceite esencial de anteras que en hojas, mientras que en hojas hubo mayor abundancia de sesquiterpenos oxigenados. Estos cambios en la composición química probablemente respondan a la alta especificidad tisular en la expresión de genes que existe para cada órgano.
Una nueva cita para la flora argentina: Tagetes praetermissa (Asteraceae, Tageteae)
Authors: Schiavinato Darío J. , Bartoli Adriana
Published: September 2018

Tagetes es un género americano que incluye ca. 55 especies de hierbas anuales y perennes, aromáticas. En el presente trabajo se informa por primera vez la presencia de T. praetermissa en Argentina. Se recolectaron ejemplares en la provincia de Jujuy, en los Departamentos de Cochinoca, Humahuaca y Yavi, y se elaboró una descripción morfológica a partir de los mismos. Se presenta una clave para diferenciar Tagetes praetermissa de las otras especies anuales de Tagetes que viven en el Noroeste de Argentina.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Lansia Dengan Pencegahan Hipertensi Di Desa Gotting Sidodadi Kabupaten Asahan
Authors: Manurung Nixson
Published: September 2018

Hipertensi adalah tekanan sistolik 140 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik ≥ 90 mmHg atau bila pasien memakai obat anti hipertensi. Tekanan darah tinggi atau hipertensi berarti tekanan (tegangan) yang tinggi dalam arteri (Mansjoer, 2000). Lanjut usia (lansia) merupakan figur tersendiri dalam kaitannya dengan sosial budaya bangsa. Mereka termasuk golongan yang patut dihargai dan dihormati sesuai dengan eksistensinya dalam strata kemasyarakatan, dalam kehidupan sosial nasional, lanjut usia merupakan sumber daya yang dinilai sesuai dengan pengetahuan dan pengalaman kehidupan yang dimilikinya yang patut dimanfaatkan bagi masyarakat keseluruhan sebagai salah satu hasil pembangunan adalah meningkatkan umur harapan hidup waktu lahir sejalan dengan hal tersebut maka jumlah lanjut usia pun meningkat (Nugroho, 2005). Pengembangan suatu program pembinaan kesehatan lanjut usia dengan strategi pendekatan edukatif melalui institusi pelayanan kesehatan terutama puskesmas dan posyandu lansia (lanjut usia) dan institusi lainnya, dengan adanya program diharapkan terbentuk suatu masyarakat lansia yang berdayaguna, mandiri dan aktif dalam menjalankan fungsi kehidupannya secara optimal (Depkes RI, 2002). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap lansia terhadap pencegahan hipertensi di Desa Gotting Sidodadi Kabupaten Asahan Tahun 2018Berdasarkan uraian diatas peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian tentang “Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Lansia Dengan Pencegahan Hipertensi Di Desa Gotting Sidodadi Kabupaten Asahan Tahun 2018
Information processing under versus under punishment
Authors: Ballard Timothy , Sewell David K. , Cosgrove Daniel , Neal Andrew
Published: September 2018

Much is known about the effects of reward and punishment on behavior, yet little research has considered how these incentives influence the information processing dynamics that underlie decision making. We fit the linear ballistic accumulator to data from a perceptual judgment task to examine the impacts of reward- and punishment-based incentives on three distinct components of information processing: the quality of the information processed, the quantity of that information, and the decision threshold. The threat of punishment lowered the average quality and quantity of information processed compared to the prospect of reward or no performance incentive at all. The threat of punishment also induced less cautious decision making by lowering people’s decision thresholds relative to the prospect of reward. These findings suggest that information processing dynamics are not wholly determined by objective properties of the decision environment, but also by the higher order goals of the system.
Impact on Quality of Life in Patients who came with Androgenetic Alopecia for Hair Transplantion Surgery in a Clinic
Authors: Bishwokarma Ghimire Rupak
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Androgenetic alopecia, also known as as male pattern baldness, affects up to 50% of men and 10% females worldwide. Patients with baldness seem to have a great impact on quality of life including their self-esteem, confidence, relationship as well as work.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study on dermatology quality of life index in patients with androgenetic alopecia who came for hair transplantation surgery at Aavaran Skin Clinic Pvt Ltd, Battisputali, Kathmandu between 15th July 2017 to 15th February 2018. Ethical clearance was taken from ERB of Nepal Health Reasearch Council Reg No 113/2017. All cases enrolled for transplant surgery during the study period and meeting the inclusive criteria were included.

Results: A total of 120 patients participated in the study. Age of the patients ranged from 19 to 49, mean age being 31.87±6.8. Maximum number of patients was in age group 25 to 34. Mean dermatology quality of life index score was 2.79. Maximum score was 14 & minimum score was 0. Maximum effect was seen in question number 2 of self-consciousness, which had impact on 58 (48.33%) patients at some level. Minimum impact on quality of life was seen in sexual activity where only 4 (3.33%) of patients were affected.

Conclusions: Androgenetic alopecia had a small effect on quality of life of our patients, but for some it had a great psychological impact not only with their personal feelings but also with the social response towards their problems.
Perinatal Outcome of Vaginal Breech Delivery versus Caesarean Breech Delivery in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Chaudhary Rajendra Kumar , Ghimire Rajan , Kafle Deepak Raj
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Breech delivery has always been matter of interest in obstetrics. Cesarean breech delivery has been preferred method of delivery. We aim to find out any differences in outcome between vaginal breech delivery and cesarean breech delivery in our setup.

Methods: Data were collected from record book of Department of Gynaecology and obstetrics, Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, Kaski, Nepal. Pregnant with breech presentation who had delivery in the centre from 2074 Baishak to 2074 chaitra were enrolled in the study. Data of 174 patients were analysed among which 74 underwent vaginal delivery for breech and 110 underwent cesarean breech delivery.

Results: Only 1 (1.6%) of newborn delivered by vaginal route were admitted to NCU vs 17 (15.5% )in cesarean group which was significant (odds ratio= 0.071, 95% C.I 0.009-0.574; p= 0.004). There was only one death of newborn which was delivered by vaginal route. Mean APGAR score at 1 and 5 minute in vaginal breech delivery was 6 and 7 and in cesarean breech delivery was 6 and 8.

Conclusions: Though perinatal morbidity was more with cesarean breech delivery but further study with more sample size is needed before reaching conclusion.
Hybrid Seven-bar Press Mechanism
Authors: Kütük M. Erkan , Dülger L. Canan
Published: September 2018

An optimization study with kinetostatic analysis is performed on hybrid seven-bar press mechanism. This study is based on previous studies performed on planar hybrid
seven-bar linkage. Dimensional synthesis is performed, and optimum link lengths for the mechanism are found. Optimization study is performed by using genetic algorithm (GA).
Genetic Algorithm Toolbox is used with Optimization Toolbox in MATLAB®. The design variables and the constraints are used during design optimization. The objective function
is determined and eight precision points are used. A seven-bar linkage system with two degrees of freedom is chosen as an example. Metal stamping operation with a dwell is
taken as the case study. Having completed optimization, the kinetostatic analysis is performed. All forces on the links and the crank torques are calculated on the hybrid system
with the optimized link lengths
The Modeling and Analysis of a Power Transmission Line Supplied by a Solar Power Plant
Authors: Can Erol
Published: September 2018

This article deals with the energy transmission line system which feeds from solar energy at the MATLAB Simulink. So, direct voltage is considered to be converted as
an alternating voltage by a 35-level inverter after the solar power plant which has the power of 110 MW an produce 360 kV of direct voltage. A line which covers 240 km of distance
is preferred to transmit electrical power from the A1 point to an A2 point. Due to this, the required mathematical equations are calculated with a circuit analyzing method for the
line modeling in the simulation. Experiments on the model are carried out at the MATLAB Simulink after the creation of an energy transmission line. After that, when measurements
are made taking into consideration the A2 node; the capacitor voltage, the transformer current, the A2 node current, and the fault current, values are given according to the
converted voltage at the frequencies of 100 Hz, 80 Hz, and 50 Hz. The obtained results demonstrate the success of the proposed line system, while power is distributed with
eliminated fault at a long distance at different frequencies.
Effect of shear modulus on the performance of prototype un-bonded fiber reinforced elastomeric isolators
Authors: Ngo Van Thuyet
Published: September 2018

Un-bonded fiber reinforced elastomeric isolator (U-FREI) is light weight and facilitates easier installation in comparison to conventional steel reinforced elastomeric isolators (SREI), in which fiber layers are used as reinforcement to replace steel shims as are normally used in conventional isolators. Shear modulus of elastomer has significant influence on the force-displacement relationship of U-FREI. However, a few studies investigated the effect of shear modulus on the horizontal behavior of prototype U-FREI in literature. In this study, effect of shear modulus on performance of prototype U-FREIs is investigated by both experiment and finite element (FE) analysis. It is observed that reduction in horizontal stiffness of U-FREI with increasing horizontal displacement is due to both rollover deformation (or reduction in contact area of isolator with supports) and shear modulus of elastomer. Reasonable agreement is observed between the findings from experiment and FE analysis.

Keywords: base isolator; prototype un-bonded fiber reinforced elastomeric isolator; rollover deformation; shear modulus; cyclic test.
Effects of the curing methods on the process of plastic shrinkage of self-compacting concrete in Vietnam
Authors: Cuong Nguyen Hung , Thuc Luu Van , Hai Tran Hong , Phuong Pham Nguyen Van
Published: September 2018

This paper presents the experimental results of researching on plastic shrinkage (plastic deformation) and the effect of curing methods on the process of plastic shrinkage at the early stages when self-compacting concrete (SCC) starts setting and develops the strength. The experiments were carried out in two typical climatic conditions in Vietnam which are humid and dry. The experiments were conducted with two typical water/powder ratios of 0.3 and 0.35 and four cases of curing methods which are nylon membrane, watering, no-curing and soaking in water (the standard condition). Besides, the influences of plastic shrinkage at the early stages on strength development and occurrence of surface cracking of SCC were also investigated. The conclusions were drawn about the plastic deformation process and the curing method that might minimize plastic shrinkage of SCC, control surface cracking early, and ensure the quality and strength of SCC in the hot and humid climatic condition of Vietnam.

Keywords: plastic shrinkage; self-compacting concrete; hot and humid climate; hardening process.
Comparison of aerosol products retrieved from AERONET and MODIS over an urban area in Hanoi city, Vietnam
Authors: Hieu Bui Thi , Luong Nguyen Duc , Hiep Nguyen Hoang , Trung Bui Quang
Published: September 2018

Understanding the dynamics of aerosols and associated influence on regional and global climatic conditions requires the knowledge of spatial and temporal distributions of aerosols on regional and global scales. In this study, the satellite-based MODIS AODs retrievals level 2 products from Terra (MOD04-10 km) and Aqua (MYD04-10km) satellites are inter-compared with the ground-based AERONET AODs (level 2) over Nghia Do station located in an urban area of Hanoi city, Vietnam for the period of 2010-2016. The Terra AODs showed good-match with the ground-based AODs measurements (slope = 0.830, intercept = 0.099, RMSE = 0.260, R2 = 0.673, and RMB = 0.970). However, the Aqua AODs expressed systematically the underestimation of AERONET AODs (slope = 0.556, intercept = 0.184, RMSE = 0.390, R2 = 0.408, and RMB = 0.810). All MODIS AODs indicates the moderate correlation with AERONET AODs (slope = 0.683, intercept = 0.147, RMSE = 0.330, R2 = 0.520, and RMB = 0.890). Although MODIS AODs follow well the monthly variations of AERONET AODs, the relatively high discrepancy between MODIS and AERONET AODs can be observed during the winter months.

Keywords: aerosol products; MODIS AODs; AERONET AODs; inter-comparison.
Light Microscopy Study of the Retina of the Yellow-Legged Gull, Larus Michahellis, and the Relationship between Environment and Behaviour
Authors: Vidal M.N. , Segovia Y. , Victory N. , Navarro-Sempere A. , García M.
Published: September 2018

The morphology of the retina of the adult Yellow-legged Gull, Larus michahellis, was examined in transverse sections under light microscopy in order to study the retinal adaptations to their specific photic environment that determines their behaviour. We identified rods, single cones and unequal double cones. Although it is a duplex retina, cones are preponderant and coloured oil droplets are present in their inner segments. As several colours in oil droplets are observed, it seems reasonable to conclude that several types of cones are present. Moreover, more cones per unit area are found in the central regions of the retina than in peripheral regions. A probable area centralis is observed. In the inner nuclear layer, two types of horizontal cells, and bipolar and amacrine cells can be recognised. Also, ganglion cells, characterised by prominent nuclei and nucleoli, vary in size and abundance among different regions in the retina. Comparisons are made with the retinae of other marine birds. The morphological characteristics of this retina indicate that Larus michahellis possesses: a good ability to discriminate colour; complex visual processing in the inner retina in order to mediate contrast and motion perception; and an elevated acuity in areas of high ganglion cell density.
History as a Process of Learning: its Modern Radicalization
Authors: Dubniak Zlatyslav Oleksandrovych
Published: September 2018

The aim of this article is to find out the logic of modern sociocultural environment within a historical process (in the context of A. Giddens’, U. Beck’s, P. Sztompka’s and Z. Bauman’s researches). The article deals with a history as a process of permanent learning, and the era of modernity is interpreted as the radicalization of this process. A history of the human community constitutes itself through the constant reproduction and changing of social practices. Each society should be understood as a process, which models of social life are being internalizing, externalizing and changing. So the learning could be described as a fundamental mechanism of social history. The phenomenon of learning means the practice of productive sociocultural creativity. The learning solves the social life problems: it tends to overcome unfeasibility, incoherence and imperfection of social life. Thereby a history as the learning process is directed to increase the human control over the natural and mental environments. Therefore discovering of the modern epoch's specificity as a situation of dynamicity, changeability, plurality, globality of social practices allows to assert that the learning is the engine of social life in contemporaneity. Moreover the life in the era of modernity should be understood as a radical learning. The situation of posttraditionalization and loss of identity requires sociocultural activity so that a society could stably keep the historical course. Such a radical learning, activity could be understood in the modernity as «colonization of the future», in other words as the social trust and the rationalization. Problems of social life in the era of modernity are overcoming by means of the trust and rationalization. In order to ensure control over the natural and the mental environments, an active modern humanity must always deal with the open future. That is to say with the risk and the uncertainty. The ontological security of posttraditional human could be restored only by «colonization of the future», as a necessary condition for further sociocultural construction of reality. In this way contemporary human's understanding of history and the era of modernity is a principal peculiarity of one's social life. It means that the continuity of contemporary social existence is made possible by pointed understanding.
The Vitalistic Components of the Nietzschean Man: Society, Culture, Education
Authors: Dimopoulos Bill
Published: September 2018

The nietzschean man is composed on the basis of life’s attempt to realize the terror, the horror and the absurdity hiding in itself. In others words it concerns an extremely dangerous, tragic as well as uncertain demand fulfilled only by means of society, culture and education. As a consequence of this triple help emerges a new category of men called to struggle against the tragic content of existence. It’s about a coming generation with “intrepidity of vision”, which does not, however, have relations with the bloodthirsty barbarians. This is because its power does not deliver from the brutal force but from the intellectual ability to stand and transform the pain into representations justifying the world.
Heidegger’s Analysis of Dasein from the Perspective of Education
Authors: Ishchenko Natalia I.
Published: September 2018

Having considered in the context of educational subject, Heidegger's «existential analytic of Dasein» indicates that the epistemological issue of explanation is changing to the existential issue of understanding in Heidegger's ontology. Therefore Heidegger considers «education» in the sense of existential relation as the ability of Dasein to reach own being in its genuineness and entirety, which Dasein always anticipates in understanding. On this basis Heidegger defines education as transcending being, which he names «openness», similarly to Scheler.
Life Sciences and Moral Education (Translation from German by Ganna Hubenko)
Authors: Jar Fritz
Published: September 2018

The author considers ethical obligations in relation to all living beings. As a result, he formulates the guiding principle of our actions - a bioethical imperative «Respect each living being as an end in itself and, if possible,  treat it, as yourself». Based on this principle, you can pedagogically influence morality with the help of various scientific disciplines.
The Return of Aristotle: The World Congress “Philosophy of Aristotle”(Athens, July 9 -15, 2016)
Authors: Gomilko Olga
Published: September 2018

The process of consolidation of post-material values requires strengthening of the position of human mind. Aristotle’s return is meant to teach humankind how to use the mind effectively in order to act properly for achieving a dignified life. The revival of interest in Aristotle’s philosophy restores his status as a teacher and renounces the perception of Aristotle as an opponent. The World Congress “Philosophy of Aristotle”, which took place on July 9—15, 2016 in Greece, marks an important step in this process. The coverage of the congress in this article is based on personal impressions, and it does not mean to present the overall content of the congress work. The purpose of the article is to provoke philosophical discussion about institutional issues of the Ukrainian philosophical life.
“New Humanism”: Integrative System of Philosophy of Education, Ethics, Social Management and Pedagogy
Authors: Zinchenko Viktor Viktorovych
Published: September 2018

Explore the major ideological patterns of development of a socially philosophies of education in the context of the problems of institutionalization of knowledge about human and social development. To analyse system-integration aspect of social philosophy and education management in interaction with model of «new humanism» in formation of socially valuable orientations. Classification existing in the western philosophy of education and education of directions is spent, proceeding from basic principles of philosophical school or a current, first of all considering those the purpose and means which are really involved by them in process of education, social development and socially-moral education and being based on the basic installations, the purpose expressed by that or other direction, how its supporters imagine the person, its requirement, a social role, behaviour which the education system and education urged to form.

Considering growing requirement of a practical embodiment of ideas of freedom, justice, aspiration to realisation of the human rights proclaimed a society, supporters of the concept of «new humanism» see the main objective in blocking a way to conformism, to a manipulation behaviour of the person and to create conditions for its free self-expression, for realisation by the person of a fundamental choice of acts in a concrete situation and by that to warn danger of formation of the unified form of behaviour. In it principles of «new humanism» approach with a position of  instrumentalism and neopragmatism.

Before social philosophy of education/upbringing  it is necessary to define a problem factors which cause achievement of its main objective, to state an estimation to moral principles and personal qualities with which actually the education/education theory connects realisation of the problems, to show, why these, instead of any any other principles and qualities open to the person possibility to choose in a concrete situation socially powerful both morally defensible and comprehensible line of conduct in public the relation. Statement of a question on necessity of the philosophical analysis of problems of education and education in a social context serves as an indicator of understanding philosophers, teachers of an increasing role of the human and moral factor in society development. And, at last, the aspiration to develop socially-philosophical bases of pedagogics in general and education in particular, testifies that the western and domestic philosophers, teachers, representatives of social and psychological sciences, at least, the majority of them, have realised the public importance of an education system and education, its global character.
Knowledge Management in Modern Democracies and the Issue of Truth
Authors: Eliopoulos Panos
Published: September 2018

This paper explores the issue of knowledge management in modern Democracies, along with the demands posed by the truth problem. While a singular concept of truth can neither be epistemically safe, thus becoming flexible for partial or subjective demonstrations of its authentic or ideal value, nor applicable for every society, it can still take the form of a critical consensus, based on two new principles that are introduced here. The continuity of such a consensus that lies beyond the manipulation of an un-ethical rhetoric or demagogy can safeguard the existence of the Polis, without having to cease espousing typical logic syllogisms as well as the moral qualities that are essential for a meaningful way of social and political life. If not conducive to the collective good, the search for truth remains futile in the practical level of making people’s lives better and of enhancing their common bonds.
Education and Politics in a Globalized World
Authors: Shamrai Victoria
Published: September 2018

The article shows the influence of the global crisis on the content and mode of existence of contemporary education. This is not about tracking various effects of impact, and a new request that brings the world to the global education system. Integrative content of crisis is defined through the "battle" of values ​​and interests in the contemporary socio-cultural space, resulting the primacy of the interests and the destruction values ​​factor. An expression of this was the expansion of interest in  the sphere of the proper. In order to detect this vulnerability replacement analyzed the classic principles of real politics. Substantiates the thesis that in "depreciation values" in modern education there is a new fundamental vocation. It is playing a valuable part of life and ensuring the proper effect and space in contemporary culture.
Hubungan antara Penggunaan Software Pemodelan Arsitektur dengan Kompleksitas Bangunan
Authors: Arisman Arman
Published: September 2018

Dewasa ini kecenderungan penggunaan software pemodelan dalam proses desain arsitektur semakin tinggi. Hal ini menyebabkan berkembangnya ragam jenis software pemodelan arsitektur yang dapat digunakan. Pada studi ini, mahasiswa arsitektur serta para arsitek profesional dipilih menjadi responden penelitian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemilihan software pemodelan arsitektur yang digunakan dengan kompleksitas bangunan yang akan dirancang. Kriteria bangunan dijadikan indikator untuk kompleksitas bangunan. Kriteria yang dimaksud dalam hal ini adalah jenis bangunan, luas bangunan, dan tinggi bangunan. Survei online melalui kuesioner dipilih sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa untuk merancang sebuah bangunan dengan kompleksitas yang rendah cukup menggunakan software pemodelan 3D yang sederhana, yakni SketchUp. Untuk tahapan kompleksitas yang lebih diperlukan software pemodelan lain, seperti CAD, BIM, software grafis, dan software pemodelan3D yang lebih kompleks. Sedangkan untuk bangunan skala besar cenderung menggunakan kembali software SketchUp dan AutoCAD saja.
Korespondensi antara Motivasi dan Jenis Wisata
Authors: Wiyono Bakri Prakarso Andi , Kusuma Hanson E. , Tampubolon Angela Christysonia , Ardhyanto Athina
Published: September 2018

Indonesia memiliki potensi wisata yang berlimpah sehingga banyak sekali masyarakat yang melakukan kegiatan wisata. Setiap masyarakat memiliki jenis wisata yang disenangi serta motivasi di dalam berwisata. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara jenis wisata yang disenangi dengan motivasi berwisata. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif eksploratif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner daring yang dibagikan secara bebas sehingga dimungkinkan untuk mendapat responden dari berbagai daerah di Indonesia (snowball-non-random-sampling). Data yang terkumpul selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis isi, analisis distribusi, analsis korespondensi, dan analisis cluster. Hasil analisis mengungkapkan bahwa jenis wisata yang dominan disenangi adalah wisata alam, sedangkan motivasi berwisata yang dominan adalah menghilangkan penat. Selain itu, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hubungan jenis wisata dengan motivasi berwisata membentuk kelompok sikap di dalam berwisata yang terdiri dari kognitif, afektif, dan konatif.
Sustainability Kampung Jamu Kromengan di Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Utami Sri
Published: September 2018

Kampung jamu, terletak di Desa Karangrejo, kecamatan Kromengan, Kabupaten Malang telah berkembang sejak lama. Usaha jamu tradisional ini, didukung oleh masyarakat yang tergabung Paguyuban Jamu Gendong Kartini sebagai wadah kegiatan sosial masyarakat. Guna mendukung keberlanjutan dan kemandirian maka perlu kajian mendalam tentang keberlanjutan pola ruang kawasan dan pola ruang hunian yang mendukung produktivitas kampung tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pengembangan yang bertujuan menyelidiki sustainability suatu permukiman sebagai fungsi waktu. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan observasi, wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap pola aktifitas dan pola hunian produsen jamu gendong dan beberapa tokoh masyarakat sebagai key informant. Hasil wawancara diinventarisasi secara deskriptif menurut elemen penentu permukiman (man, society, nature, network and shell) pada ruang dan waktu. Selanjutnya dianalisis dengan teknik skoring. Hasil penelitian berupa arahan pengembangan kampung sebagai permukiman industri yang berkelanjutan.
Geometry of bracket-generating distributions of step 2 on graded manifolds
Authors: AZİZPOUR Esmaeil , ATAEİ Dordi Mohammad
Published: September 2018

A $Z_2-$graded analogue of bracket-generating distribution is given. Let $\cd$ be a distribution of rank $(p,q)$ on an $(m,n)$-dimensional graded manifold $\cm,$ we attach to $\cd$ a linear map $F$ on $\cd$ defined by the Lie bracket of graded vector fields of the sections of $\cd.$ Then $\mathcal{D}$ is a bracket-generating distribution of step $2$, if and only if $F$ is of constant rank $(m-p, n-q)$ on $\cm$.
Helicopter EMS in Cork: a paramedicine perspective
Authors: Knox Shane
Published: September 2018

The intent of this commentary is to provide a paramedicine perspective on the new helicopter EMS service in the Southern region of Ireland, covering mainly Cork and Kerry. The recent discussions regarding the crew composition of the proposed Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) in Cork require comment from paramedicine. Whilst we respect the opinion of other professions we feel it is important to provide an Irish perspective on behalf of members of the Irish College of Paramedics - Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) Paramedics, and Advanced Paramedics (APs).
Empathy Levels in Canadian Paramedic Students: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Pagano Alberto , Robinson Kate , Ricketts Chris , Cundy-Jones Jenalyn , Henderson Lisa , Cartwright Wes , Batt Alan M
Published: September 2018

Background

Empathy in healthcare delivery is an essential component to providing high-quality patient care. Empathy in paramedics and paramedic students has been subject to limited study to date. This study aimed to determine the empathy levels demonstrated by first year paramedic students over the course of their first year of study.

Methods

This study employed a longitudinal design of a convenience sample of first year paramedic students in a community college program in Ontario, Canada. The Medical Condition Regard Scale (MCRS) was used to measure empathy levels across four medical conditions: intellectual disability, suicide attempt, substance abuse and mental health emergency. Surveys were conducted three times approximately 2-3 months apart; before first semester field placements (Nov/17), after first semester field placements (Jan/18) and near the end of second semester field placements (Mar/18).

Results

A total of 20 students completed all three surveys. Females, respondents aged 22-24, and participants with previous post-secondary education demonstrated higher mean empathy scores than their counterparts. Substance abuse was associated with the lowest mean empathy score for every demographic. Mean scores for intellectual disability, attempted suicide and mental health emergency decreased from the first survey to the last. Mean scores for substance abuse increased from 43.3 (SD±8.2) to 46.45 (SD±7.04).

Conclusion

Results from this study suggest that in general, empathy levels among paramedic students decline over the course of their education. Male paramedic students are less empathetic than their female counterparts, and those with previous post-secondary education displayed higher mean empathy scores. The findings in this research support previous findings, and suggest that paramedic education programs may benefit from the inclusion of additional empathy training and education.  
Pengaruh Budaya Kerja, Kompensasi Dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kota Kendari Tahun 2013
Authors: Widiastuti Nur , Rahim Subhan
Published: September 2018

This research aims to reveal the influence of working culture, compensation, and leadership on the performance of civil servants in Department of Local Development Planning of Kendari. Data collection methods chosen are questionnaire and literary study while double linear regression is used to analyze the data acquired. The result of data analysis shows that the variable working culture is removed since it is interrelated with variable of compensation which makes the first hypothesis failed to proof, which says that working culture does not influence the performance of the civil servants in Department of Local Development Planning in Kendari. The second hypothesis is proven, in which the result says that leadership contributes significantly to the performance of civil servants in Department of Local Development Planning of Kendari, and the third hypothesis is also proven with the result of the research which states that compensation significantly influences the performance of civil servants in Department of Local Development Planning of Kendari.