bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desafíos y competencias docentes en el abordaje de educación inclusiva en Colombia
Authors: Herrera Pérez Jhan Carlos , Ochoa Londoño Efraín Darío , Tello Zuluaga Jefferson , Romero Palomino Erixon Esneider
Published: July 2024

Introduction: In the contemporary context, inclusive education has acquired significant relevance at a global level, seeking to guarantee access to an excellent education for each student, regardless of their abilities, and promoting an inclusive and diverse environment in educational establishments. Objetive: The central purpose of this review article is to expose some public policies, the use of technology in educational processes, approaches, strategies and methodologies used by teachers to promote inclusive education in Colombia. Method: A methodology based on the interpretive paradigm with a qualitative approach was applied. An exhaustive review of recent literature related to inclusive education was carried out and data recording sheets were used as an instrument for collecting information. Results: Among the findings, the importance of teacher training and interprofessional collaboration stands out to guarantee an inclusive education adapted to the demands of students with disabilities. Conclusion: It is concluded that the strengthening of pedagogical, technological, scientific and ethical competencies in teachers is essential to implement inclusive strategies and promote a respectful and equitable educational environment.
Organised Spinozism in the Netherlands (1897–2022): Growth, Flourishing, Decay and Revival
Authors: Krop Henri
Published: July 2024

This paper gives an outline of the history of organised Spinozism in the Netherlands, divided into three periods. In 1897 the Vereniging het Spinozahuis (VHS) was established. On the one hand, it wanted to preserve the physical and spiritual heritage of Spinoza, being an essential part of Dutch identity, and on the other hand, it strived for the propagation of Spinozism, which might fill the void left by the end of Christianity. This double aim precluded the transformation of the VHS into an international society to disseminate Spinozism. To that end the Societas Spinozana was established in 1920. It had to contribute to the solution of the spiritual crisis created by the WWI which had divided humanity. By the time of National-Socialism and during the post-war reconstruction period, in which philosophies incompatible with Spinozism dominated, the VHS successfully returned to the initial aim of preserving Spinoza’s heritage, but in the 1970s Spinozism once more became a viable alternative to traditional religion.
Fifty years of Spinozism in Spain
Authors: De la Cámara María Luisa , Espinosa Francisco Javier
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to give an account of the journey that Spinoza’s philosophy made in the last fifty years through Spain, from the final years of the Franco regime till today. Our aim is to show the foundational role played by Spinoza’s philosophy during the decisive moments of the transformation of Spanish society and the Spanish university. We start by addressing the revival of Spinoza’s philosophy at the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) during the final years of the Franco regime (1966-1975). We then divide the last fifty years of Spinozism in Spain into three periods: (1) the consolidation and the institutionalization of Spinozism (1975-1990); (2) the expansion of Spinoza’s influence through the University of Castilla-La Mancha, the Seminario Spinoza and the first three International Spinoza Conferences (1990-2000); (3) the diverse and manifold Spinoza of the third millennium (2000-2023). In the appendix we briefly address the state of Spinozism in Latin America and its relations with Spinozism in Spain.
De ontdekking van Doggerland: de wetenschappelijke waarde van strandvondsten
Authors: Peeters Hans
Published: July 2024

The discovery of Doggerland: the scientific value of beach finds. Coined in 1998 by archaeologist Bryony Coles, ‘Doggerland’ has become a widely recognised name for the prehistoric landscapes, now submerged beneath the North Sea. For more than 100 years, scholars have suspected remains of these landscapes and their inhabitants to have survived, but direct evidence such as bone and stone tools has long been relatively sparse. Today, much more is known about the preservation of prehistoric landforms, as well as the material remains of animals, humans and artefacts. As part of the NWO-funded project ‘Resurfacing Doggerland’, thousands of finds, collected on Dutch beaches and retrieved from fishing nets, are now being studied in detail. The results will provide new insights into the relationship between climate-induced sea-level rise and socio-cultural processes.
Maak een vuist als je geen hand hebt. Inclusiviteit in (pre)historische jeugdromans
Authors: De Roest Karla
Published: July 2024

The one-handed hero: Inclusiveness in historical fiction for children. Having grown up with a sister in a wheelchair meant that I took this normalcy into the fictional world of the past. So when I crossed paths with Drem in Rosemary Sutcliff’s 1958 novel Warrior Scarlet, he was to me just a boy with one functional arm. It was not until much later that I realised he was one of the very few protagonists in historical fiction with a disability. A lack of inclusiveness is problematic, first, when it comes to readers identifying with the physical condition of the hero(ine) and, second, because, from an archaeological perspective, the proportion of healthy people in historical fiction seems improbably high, while the representation of people with a disability is often stereotyped. Maybe archaeologists should provide authors of historical fiction with a more informed description of the past.
Innovative solutions: Design and implementation of an advanced national service training program (NSTP) portal for state universities and colleges in the Philippines
Authors: Luciano Ruth G. ,   College of Information and Communications Technology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Cabanatuan, Philippines, Nabong Reychelle G. , Manuel Manuel B. ,   College of Information and Communications Technology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Cabanatuan, Philippines,   College of Information and Communications Technology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Cabanatuan, Philippines
Published: July 2024

Technology is continually evolving, leading to unexpected breakthroughs, especially evident during the pandemic. The modern era has enhanced the quality of life for many people, and computer programs have transformed how individuals connect with each other and the world. This study aims to develop a National Service Training Program (NSTP) Portal System for the Department of State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in the region. The researcher used developmental research methodologies, which involve examining, describing, and assessing the product development process. The system's source code was written in PHP, JavaScript, and jQuery, following the Agile Process. MySQL was used to create the system's database, storing all data, records, and information. The study employed developmental research methods to analyze and describe the product development process and evaluate the final product. Additionally, a descriptive research approach was used to gather information through survey questionnaires to assess the system's validity in terms of its features. This evaluation was conducted using a survey instrument based on the ISO/IEC 25010 Software Quality Standards. Department heads, academics, and students were consulted during the data collection for the portal development. The system's creation was successful.
Benchmarking Large Language Models for Cervical Spondylosis
Authors: Zhang Boyan , Du Yueqi , Duan Wanru , Chen Zan
Published: July 2024

Cervical spondylosis is the most common degenerative spinal disorder in modern societies. Patients require a great deal of medical knowledge, and large language models (LLMs) offer patients a novel and convenient tool for accessing medical advice. In this study, we collected the most frequently asked questions by patients with cervical spondylosis in clinical work and internet consultations. The accuracy of the answers provided by LLMs was evaluated and graded by 3 experienced spinal surgeons. Comparative analysis of responses showed that all LLMs could provide satisfactory results, and that among them, GPT-4 had the highest accuracy rate. Variation across each section in all LLMs revealed their ability boundaries and the development direction of artificial intelligence.
A Voice-Activated Device Exercise and Social Engagement Program for Older Adult–Care Partner Dyads: Pilot Clinical Trial and Focus Group Study Evaluating the Feasibility, Use, and Estimated Functional Impact of EngAGE
Authors: Huisingh-Scheetz Megan , Nicholson III Roscoe F , Shervani Saira , Smith Chelsea , Danilovich Margaret , Finch Laura , Montoya Yadira , Hawkley Louise C
Published: July 2024

Background

Maintaining exercise is essential for healthy aging but difficult to sustain. EngAGE is a socially motivated exercise program delivered over a voice-activated device that targets older adult–care partner dyads.

Objective

This 10-week pilot study aimed to assess EngAGE feasibility and use, obtain user experience feedback, and estimate potential impact on function.

Methods

In total, 10 older adults aged ≥65 years were recruited from an independent living residence together with their self-identified care partners. EngAGE delivered National Institute on Aging Go4Life exercises to older adults daily, while care partners received progress reports and prompts to send encouraging messages that were read aloud by the device to the older adult. Older adults’ use was tracked, and physical function was assessed at baseline and follow-up. Follow-up focus group data provided qualitative feedback.

Results

On average, participants completed 393.7 individual exercises over the 10-week intervention period or 39.4 exercises/wk (range 48-492, median 431, IQR 384-481, SD 112.4) without injury and used EngAGE on an average of 41 of 70 days or 4.1 d/wk (range 7-66, median 51, IQR 23-56, and SD 21.2 days). Mean grip strength increased nonsignificantly by 1.3 kg (preintervention mean 26.3 kg, SD 11.0; postintervention mean 27.6 kg, SD 11.6; P=.34), and 4 of 10 participants improved by a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of 2.5 kg. Further, the time for 5-repeated chair stands significantly reduced by 2.3 seconds (preintervention mean 12, SD 3.6 s; postintervention mean 9.7, SD 2.7 s; P=.02), and 3 of 9 participants improved by an MCID of –2.3 seconds. Furthermore, 3-meter usual walk performance was brisk at baseline (mean 2.1, SD 0.4 s) and decreased by 0.1 seconds (postintervention 2, SD 0.4 s; P=.13), although 5 of 9 participants improved by a MCID of 0.05 m/s. Qualitative results showed perceived benefits, favored program features, and areas for improvement.

Conclusions

We present a pilot study of a new voice-activated device application customized to older adult users that may serve as a guide to other technology development for older adults. Our pilot study served to further refine the application and to inform a larger trial testing EngAGE’s impact on functional outcomes, a necessary step for developing evidence-based technology tools.
Decision Support Tool to Improve Decision-Making for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Development Process and Alpha Testing
Authors: Ajiboye Wale , Yusuf Abban , Pedersen Cheryl , Brown Rebecca , Dzonsons Kristaps , Nelson LaRon
Published: July 2024

Background

African, Caribbean, and Black (Black) communities in Canada are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective option for the prevention of HIV. However, the use of PrEP for HIV prevention among eligible Black clients in Canada remains far below the thresholds necessary to achieve the goal of zero new HIV infections. In a recent study in Toronto, PrEP-eligible Black clients were found to have decisional conflict and unmet decisional needs, which affected the quality of their decision-making process regarding the initiation and adherence to PrEP. There is evidence that decision support tools (DSTs) can improve the quality of a decision, the quality of the decision-making process, the implementation or continuation of the chosen option, and the appropriate use of health services. Despite these benefits, there is currently no DST for PrEP-eligible Black clients being asked to consider PrEP for HIV prevention.

Objective

Our study aimed to develop a DST to improve PrEP decision-making for Black clients and to evaluate the tool’s acceptability and usability.

Methods

We developed and evaluated the PrEP DST for Black patients using the 7-step process outlined in the Ottawa Decision Support Group Guideline for the development and evaluation of DST. To facilitate the implementation of the Ottawa Decision Support Group guideline, we assembled a multidisciplinary team of primary health care providers, researchers, community members with lived experiences, and digital content designers to serve as the steering committee. First, we assessed patients’ and primary health care providers’ views on decisional support needs, after which we determined the content, design, and distribution plan for the DST. Subsequently, we conducted evidence synthesis, reviews, and appraisal before developing the PrEP DST prototype. The final tool was reviewed by steering committee members for completeness before acceptability and usability testing with potential Black clients and PrEP providers.

Results

The web-based DST yielded 27 pages divided into 6 distinct sections. The six sections include (1) an introduction of the DST, (2) clarify your decision, (3) knowledge, (4) a value clarification exercise, (5) support system, and (6) next steps. Both Black clients and PrEP providers reported ease of task performance, general satisfaction, and usefulness of the tool to support decision-making for Black clients. Feedback on usability centered on the need to add a user guide to increase usability. All feedback was incorporated into the final tool.

Conclusions

A PrEP DST for Black clients developed using a systematic process and a multidisciplinary steering committee was acceptable and usable by both Black clients and PrEP providers. Further study (eg, randomized controlled trials) may be needed to evaluate the efficacy of the PrEP DST.
Identifications of Similarity Metrics for Patients With Cancer: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Manuilova Iryna , Bossenz Jan , Weise Annemarie Bianka , Boehm Dominik , Strantz Cosima , Unberath Philipp , Reimer Niklas , Metzger Patrick , Pauli Thomas , Werle Silke D , Schulze Susann , Hiemer Sonja , Ustjanzew Arsenij , Kestler Hans A , Busch Hauke , Brors Benedikt , Christoph Jan
Published: July 2024

Background

Understanding the similarities of patients with cancer is essential to advancing personalized medicine, improving patient outcomes, and developing more effective and individualized treatments. It enables researchers to discover important patterns, biomarkers, and treatment strategies that can have a significant impact on cancer research and oncology. In addition, the identification of previously successfully treated patients supports oncologists in making treatment decisions for a new patient who is clinically or molecularly similar to the previous patient.

Objective

The planned review aims to systematically summarize, map, and describe existing evidence to understand how patient similarity is defined and used in cancer research and clinical care.

Methods

To systematically identify relevant studies and to ensure reproducibility and transparency of the review process, a comprehensive literature search will be conducted in several bibliographic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, LIVIVIVO, and MEDLINE, covering the period from 1998 to February 2024. After the initial duplicate deletion phase, a study selection phase will be applied using Rayyan, which consists of 3 distinct steps: title and abstract screening, disagreement resolution, and full-text screening. To ensure the integrity and quality of the selection process, each of these steps is preceded by a pilot testing phase. This methodological process will culminate in the presentation of the final research results in a structured form according to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) flowchart. The protocol has been registered in the Journal of Medical Internet Research.

Results

This protocol outlines the methodologies used in conducting the scoping review. A search of the specified electronic databases and after removing duplicates resulted in 1183 unique records. As of March 2024, the review process has moved to the full-text evaluation phase. At this stage, data extraction will be conducted using a pretested chart template.

Conclusions

The scoping review protocol, centered on these main concepts, aims to systematically map the available evidence on patient similarity among patients with cancer. By defining the types of data sources, approaches, and methods used in the field, and aligning these with the research questions, the review will provide a foundation for future research and clinical application in personalized cancer care. This protocol will guide the literature search, data extraction, and synthesis of findings to achieve the review’s objectives.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/58705
Age Differences in Electronic Mental Health Literacy: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Xu Richard Huan , Tian Lidan , Zhu Liling , Cao Yuan , Chan Sherry Kit-wa , Dong Dong , Cheung Wai-ling Annie , Wong Eliza Lai-yi
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Electronic mental health literacy (eMHL) is critical for accessing and effectively using digital mental health resources. However, there is a paucity of research on how eMHL varies across age groups.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate differences in eMHL among young, middle-aged, and older adults; provide insights into the needs, behaviors, and attitudes of different age groups in relation to digital mental health resources; and ultimately, inform the improvement of mental health services.

METHODS

A qualitative investigation was conducted to examine the differences in eMHL across different age demographics in the Chinese population in 2023. The study sample comprised 3 distinct age groups: 18-34 years, 35-64 years, and 65 years and older. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling to ensure a diverse representation of the population. Data were collected through semistructured one-on-one interviews, which allowed for in-depth exploration of individual experiences and perceptions. The gathered data were subsequently subjected to rigorous thematic analysis to enable the identification and interpretation of recurring patterns and themes.

RESULTS

The principal outcomes derived from these interviews were synthesized into 5 distinct dimensions: emotional needs, use of digital mental health resources, assessment of digital mental health information, engagement with social media to regulate emotions, and coping strategies. These dimensions were uniformly observed across the 3 age groups.

CONCLUSIONS

We identified differences in knowledge, skills, and attitudes regarding the use of web-based information for managing mental health problems between the 3 age groups. The findings highlight the importance of age-specific strategies for improving eMHL.
Analysis of the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Computer Network Technology
Authors: Huang Hongzhi
Published: July 2024

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in computer network technology is becoming increasingly extensive and in-depth. This paper analyzes the application of artificial intelligence in network security, network management, Internet of Things, edge computing and network services in detail. In network management, AI technology realizes network traffic optimization, automatic configuration and fault prediction, and improves the efficiency of network management. In the field of Internet of Things, AI technology helps manage and analyze a large amount of device data, supporting the development of smart homes and smart cities. In edge computing, AI technology enhances the data processing capabilities of edge nodes and reduces latency. In network services, artificial intelligence technology optimizes routing, voice recognition and personalized recommendation services. However, the application of artificial intelligence in network technology also faces challenges such as data privacy, computing resources and laws and regulations. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive reference for industry insiders to promote the application and development of artificial intelligence technology in computer networks.
The Leadership Role of Labor Unions in Preventing Industrial Accidents
Authors: Jeon Yiyoung , Yang Yuha ,   Korean Academy of Leadership
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the role of labor union leadership and participatory leadership in the process of workers' expressions being acknowledged and subsequently implemented by management in the context of the increasingly emphasized industrial accident prevention. Specifically focusing on issues related to industrial safety closely associated with the quality of workers' lives, we explore how labor unions exercise leadership in fostering employee participation and innovation within a collaborative labor-management environment. Through case analyses, this study reveals that when labor unions actively collaborate with or exhibit proactive leadership towards management, they play a crucial role as channels that actively listen to workers' expressions, convert them into collective voices, and convey them to the management.
Furthermore, in such cases, labor unions also function as coordinating bodies, actively seeking additional opinions and performing supplementary adjustments to decisions established in collective agreements. These improvements subsequently lead to a virtuous cycle, creating an environment conducive to the realization of genuine participatory organizations through sustained and more proactive expressions and improvement activities.
The findings of this study suggest that for individual and collective expressions of workers to influence managerial decision-making, a foundation of trust built through prolonged labor-management collaboration activities and systems is essential. Additionally, continuous educational efforts to develop workers' participation capabilities are necessary. Importantly, the leadership of labor unions, representing workers, and the leadership of management, accepting and incorporating workers' opinions into actual managerial activities, both play crucial roles in enhancing worker participation. Thus, for effective communication of on-site workers' proposals and demands to the management, a paradigm shift in the perceptions of both management and labor unions, coupled with the development of leadership competencies aligned with the times, is deemed necessary.
A Study on the Effect of Shared Leadership of Small and Medium-sized Businesses Managers on Members' Learning Orientation: Multi Mediated Effect of Absorption Capacity and Feedback Acceptance
Authors: Kim Si Joon , Kim Jae Myung ,   Korean Academy of Leadership
Published: July 2024

In this study, the relationship between managers' shared leadership and learning orientation is identified, and the multi-mediated effect of members' absorption capacity and mutual feedback acceptance is demonstrated to present practical implications for members' learning orientation.
From March 24 to March 27, 2023, a total of 597 copies were distributed to domestic corporate members in various occupations such as R&D, production technology, sales, quality management, and management support, and 327 copies were collected.
The hypothesis was established based on theories and previous studies related to shared leadership, absorption capacity, feedback acceptance, and learning orientation, and reliability and validity were verified using confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the causal relationship of the research model. The hypothesis test analyzed the causal relationship using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0, and Process Macro 3.0 was used to verify multiple mediating effects.
As a result of verifying the hypothesis of this study, first, shared leadership has a significant positive (+) relationship with absorption capacity, feedback acceptance, and learning orientation. Second, absorption capacity was found to have a significant positive (+) impact on feedback acceptance and learning orientation, and third, feedback acceptance was also found to have a significant positive (+) impact on learning orientation. Finally, this study is meaningful in that it demonstrated the multi mediated effect of absorption capacity and feedback acceptance in the relationship between managers' shared leadership and members' learning orientation. It aims to provide practical implications to members of small and medium-sized enterprises that learning orientation can improve continuous economic and innovative development with organizational performance. In addition, at the end of the study, the limitations of this study and the direction of the expansion of the study were discussed.
Perceptions of the Leadership Through Scholarship Fellowship Graduates: An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Leadership
Authors: Flowers Kerwyn , Hogans-Mathews Shermeeka , Adu Adwoa , Ojo Temiwumi , Washington Judy C. , Ogbeide Stacy , Flattes Valerie J. , Lucero Julie E. , Fulton Amy , Campbell Kendall M. , Rodríguez José E.
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: Despite increasing numbers of faculty identifying as underrepresented in medicine (URiM) over the last few decades, URiM representation in academic medicine leadership has changed little. The Society of Teachers of Family Medicine funded the Leadership Through Scholarship Fellowship (LTSF) to target this population and provide a framework for scholarly success. Based on responses to open-ended questions from a leadership survey, we characterize how early-career URiM family medicine faculty view leadership and assess attitudes and perceptions of leadership development.
Methods: A survey, developed by survey experts from multiple institutions and consisting of multiple-choice and open-ended questions, was sent to the first two cohorts after the LTSF program. All LTSF participants identified as URiM and as early-career (5 years or less since fellowship or residency) family medicine faculty. Fellowship faculty collected anonymous survey responses through Qualtrics (Qualtrics, LLC). We conducted thematic analysis with emergent and iterative coding by two experienced qualitative researchers.
Results: All of the fellows surveyed (N=19) completed the survey. The qualitative researchers identified the following themes: leadership development (with subthemes of collaborative scholarship and request for mentoring), and barriers to leadership and scholarship (with subthemes of lack of time, lack of support, and diminished opportunities for advancement).
Conclusions: These themes represent lessons learned from URiM faculty participating in a single faculty development fellowship. Collaborative scholarship, both as an early-career faculty need and a leadership responsibility, is a new contribution to the existing literature. While identified by URiM family medicine faculty, these themes are likely familiar to early-career faculty across all medical specialties and faculty identities. These lessons can guide senior academic leaders in preparing early-career faculty for leadership in academic medicine.
Serviço Social e análises críticas do terceiro setor brasileiro: interpretações frankfurtianas da institucionalização dos movimentos sociais por meio das ONGs
Authors: Dos Santos Luis Ronaldo
Published: July 2024

Os estudos em teoria crítica se apresentam como possibilidades de tratar o objeto de pesquisa dialeticamente, superando uma abordagem funcionalista descritiva muito presente nas análises atuais. Assim, os estudos em relação ao terceiro setor se tornam mais críticos e imanentes ganhando maiores qualidades ao lançarmos mão do arcabouço teórico dos pesquisadores que integram a escola de Frankfurt. As pesquisas sobre o tema do terceiro setor colocam em oposição estudos que vão desde críticas ao modelo de gestão do social até grandes exaltações da proposta, quando estas ocupam posição no setor econômico. O presente ensaio teórico tem como propósito utilizar da teoria crítica para debater sobre a formação e estruturação das ONG'S, para que a partir desses resultados propor novos caminhos para a compreensão do tema. Para isso é necessária uma interlocução com a gênese das organizações não governamentais no Brasil e os postulados teóricos de alguns autores da escola frankfurtiana. Dessa maneira, podemos alcançar um certo êxito no processo de desalienação, quando tratamos de criação de novas sociabilidades imbricadas em uma construção neoliberal de sociedade, podendo assim estabelecer uma base para a crítica da intervenção do serviço social a partir dessas organizações.
Evolução do rendimento do trabalho no Brasil por cor ou raça e por regiões: 2014-2019
Authors: Gonçalves João de Souza
Published: July 2024

O objetivo principal do trabalho é descrever a evolução do rendimento do trabalho do país por cor ou raça, segundo as regiões brasileiras no período 2014-2019. O artigo é caracterizado como um estudo comparativo da evolução dos rendimentos. Tanto para os ocupados brancos como para os pretos ou pardos e para o período 2014-2019, as regiões Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste foram a que apresentaram os maiores rendimentos médios do país e as regiões Norte e Nordeste, os menores. Durante a crise econômica de 2015-2016, os rendimentos mensais e por hora diminuíram em todas regiões do país. A queda no rendimento foi, proporcionalmente, maior para os pretos ou pardos que para os brancos, afetando mais, portanto, os vulneráveis. Durante a fraca recuperação econômica de 2017-2019, a situação se inverteu, os rendimentos aumentaram em todas regiões, mas, subiram proporcionalmente, mais para os pretos ou pardos que para os brancos. Para o país como um todo, entre 2014 e 2019, os rendimentos diminuíram, demonstrando que o aumento dos rendimentos no período 2017-2019 foi incapaz de repor as perdas geradas no biênio da crise econômica (2015-2016) e as quedas percentuais nos rendimentos dos brancos e pretos ou pardos se igualaram, mantendo o hiato entre ambos extremamente elevado, portanto, não houve redução da desigualdade dos rendimentos por cor ou raça no período. A diferença relativa entre os rendimentos dos  homens brancos em relação aos homens pretos ou pardos diminuiu. Por outro lado, aumentou a diferença entre os rendimentos das mulheres brancas em relação às pretas ou pardas. Assim, o período 2014-2019 pode ser caracterizando como um período de estagnação do mercado de trabalho.
A importância das aposentadorias rurais para a economia baiana: evidência para o período 2010-2020
Authors: Leite Costa Jussara , Calasans C. L. Pessoti Fernanda , Costa Novais Ivo
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho consiste em analisar a importância da aposentadoria rural para a economia da Bahia, tendo em vista sua relevância como mecanismo de reposição e de complementação de renda. O território baiano é um dos estados brasileiros que ainda conta com uma população rural bastante expressiva. Em 2010, aproximadamente 28% da população baiana viviam em áreas rurais e parte desse total, tinha a agricultura familiar como atividade principal. Dado os baixos rendimentos que muitas vezes não é suficiente, a aposentadoria rural surge como um meio alternativo para as famílias rurais complementarem as suas rendas. Como objetivo, buscou-se analisar a evolução da aposentadoria rural e sua relação com o PIB da Bahia no período de 2010 a 2020. Como metodologia, foi realizado um estudo de natureza exploratória, utilizando uma análise descritiva, com uso prioritário de dados disponíveis em banco de dados secundários. O estudo mostra que entre os anos de 2010 a 2020, houve aumentos nas quantidades e valores dos benefícios previdenciários emitidos para a Bahia, tanto para a população urbana, como para a população rural, principalmente quando avaliada sua relação em termos do PIB, conjuntura em que as transferências monetárias recebidas se mostram bastante representativas.
A controladoria como unidade administrativa de apoio aos gestores no controle operacional e financeiro de indústrias
Authors: Renan Silva Salustiano Pablo , Antonio Oliveira Araújo Manoel , Moreira Jabur Danilo , Fernando de Oliveira Pires Paulo
Published: July 2024

O serviço de controladoria e os sistemas de controle interno são ferramentas básicas para a eficácia da gestão empresarial e tendem a contribuir para a continuidade da empresa, geração de recursos, emprego e renda e, consequentemente, para o desenvolvimento social. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar as principais atividades, sistemas de controle interno e artefatos de controladoria empregados por gestores no controle operacional e financeiro de indústrias. Embasam teoricamente este estudo, entre outros, os autores Borinelli (2006), Padoveze (2016), Crepaldi (2017), Martins (2018). O método empregado foi estudo de caso composto, de natureza empírica, do tipo descritivo-exploratório e as unidades de análise, três empreendimentos industriais com atividades produtivas distintas. Serviu de instrumento de coleta de dados entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados receberam tratamento qualitativo. Os resultados da pesquisa revelam que, mesmo não estando consolidada em uma estrutura administrativa específica, a controladoria ajuda na identificação de oportunidades de melhoria, na redução dos custos e maximização dos resultados financeiros.
Applications of Lung Ultrasound as an Emerging Tool in Neonates
Authors: Surak Aimann , Shaireen Huma , Elsayed Yasser
Published: July 2024

Lung ultrasound is increasingly used in neonatal intensive care units.
We reviewed the most recent available literature, mainly using PubMed,
and summarized the ultrasonographic patterns, features of most neonatal
respiratory morbidities, and clinical application in neonates. Lung
ultrasound is a non-invasive, radiation-free, and reproducible adjunct
tool that can guide the clinical management of neonates presenting with
respiratory distress.
Change-driven Software Test Case Generation Method Based on Knowledge Graph
Authors: Peng Chao , Gong Dunwei , Yao Xiangjuan , Sun Baicai
Published: July 2024

Testing is an important means to ensure the quality of software. With
the increase of software change frequency, the efficiency of testing is
required to be continuously improved. Among the many factors that affect
the efficiency of software testing, the generation of test cases is very
critical, and there is still a lack of effective methods. In this paper,
a method of software test case generation driven by knowledge graph
changes is proposed. Its purpose is to improve the efficiency of test
case generation by using the change of knowledge graph to determine the
test cases available for the changed software. Firstly, before and after
the change of the software knowledge graph is constructed. Then, the
changed entities and paths in the knowledge graph are identified, and
the test cases available for the software after the change are filtrated
by the similar entities. Meanwhile, the cases for testing the changed
entities are generated by multi-objective optimization method. Finally,
the above test cases are integrated to form a valid case set for testing
the changed software. The proposed method is applied to six benchmark
programs and compared with other algorithms. The experimental results
demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly improve the
efficiency and accuracy of test case generation.
Increasing intraspecific plant chemical diversity at plot and plant level affects herbivorous, predatory, and pollinating arthropod communities
Authors: Ojeda-Prieto Lina , Moreno Eliecer L. , Heinen Robin , Weisser Wolfgang
Published: July 2024

Plant chemistry mediates interactions between plants and their
environment. While intraspecific chemodiversity at the plant level is
well-studied, the effects of groups of plants differing in chemistry on
interactions need more attention. To test how intraspecific
chemodiversity affects plant-arthropod interactions, we manipulated
plots of Tanacetum vulgare L., differing in chemotype richness
and composition. Over three seasons, we monitored four arthropod groups
(herbivores, flower visitors, predators, and ants). We hypothesized that
higher plot-level chemotype richness enhances occurrence across all
studied arthropod groups and that the effect on abundance would be
negative for herbivore and ant abundance and positive for flower
visitors and predators. Mixed models revealed that with increasing
plot-level chemotype richness, herbivore abundance decreased, flower
visitor abundance increased, and predatory arthropods and ants remained
largely unaffected. Specific chemotypes influenced community assembly
within arthropod groups over time, emphasizing that plant chemical
diversity shapes insect communities and contributes to ecosystem
dynamics.
Modeling and Simulation of DC Glow Discharges in the AlGaSb coupled Ar/H2 Hybrid Micro Plasma System
Authors: Ongun Erhan , Utaş Selçuk , Kurt Hilal , Hançerlioğulları Aybaba
Published: July 2024

Several studies have been reported on the theoretical and experimental investigation of gas discharge - semiconductor micro plasma systems (GDSµPS).
In this study, a two-dimensional fluid model of a micro plasma in a square direct-current (DC) glow-discharge chamber is simulated using the finite-element method (FEM) solver COMSOL Multiphysics based on the mixture-averaged diffusion-drift theory of gas discharges and Maxwellian electron energy distribution function.
A unique III-antimonide high-Ohmic semi-insulating aluminum gallium antimonide (AlGaSb) with finely digitated electron emission surface is modeled as planar cathode electrode coupled to ITO/SiO2 planar anode electrode across a gas discharge gap of 100 µm distance. Argon (Ar) and argon mixed with a mole fraction of 5% hydrogen (Ar/H2) gas medium are seperately introduced into the micro gap at sub-atmospheric pressure of 150 Torr, and the cell is driven at 1.0 kV DC by a stationary power source to simulate the transitions from electron field emission state toward self-sustained normal glow discharge state.
The model is simulated to exhibit the transient physical characteristics of the AlGaSb-Ar/H2 glow-discharge micro plasma system by solving the spatio-temporal dynamics of various discharge parameters, including electron density, electron energy density, electron current density and electric potential. It has been observed that a fraction of hydrogen addition to argon can be used as an effective tool in modeling application-specific hybrid micro plasma – semiconductor based infrared photodetector devices.
Enseñanza de la Técnica Ne-Waza en el Rendimiento Académico de Estudiantes con Discapacidad Auditiva de Educación General Básica
Authors: Angulo Caicedo Ramón Alonso ,   Universidad Técnica de Esmeraldas Luis Vargas Torres Ecuador, Estupiñan Ortiz Leonela Eloísa , Castro Pantoja Edison Andrés , Maqueira Caraballo Giceya De La Caridad ,   Universidad Técnica de Esmeraldas Luis Vargas Torres Ecuador,   Universidad Técnica de Ambato Ecuador,   Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador
Published: July 2024

El presente estudio se aplicó en de la Unidad Educativa Especializada Fiscomisional Juan Pablo II, ubicada en la Ciudad de Esmeraldas en 8 estudiantes con discapacidad auditiva de cuarto a séptimo año de educación básica durante el segundo trimestre, con la aplicación de actividades de la técnica del Ne-Waza de Judo, considerado un arte marcial Japonés, para la práctica de esta técnica se involucran los movimientos de sujeción hacia el suelo, el propósito es mejorar las relaciones interpersonales a través del liderazgo, trabajo en equipo y responsabilidad, la práctica constante fortalece los patrones de respeto al adversario, repetición continua y disciplina, la finalidad del estudio fue mejorar el rendimiento académico en los sujetos de estudio. Se aplicó una investigación con un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, de tipo pre experimental, donde se pudo verificar el rendimiento académico en las materias básicas como: Matemáticas, Lenguaje, Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias Sociales, después de la aplicación del estadígrafo SPSS v.25 se determinó que la media de registro académico del primer trimestre fue de 8,18 ± 0,20 puntos y después de la aplicación de la intervención, al finalizar el segundo trimestre la media fue de 8,58 ± 0,20 puntos, en conclusión se demuestra que la aplicación de los ejercicios de la técnica Ne-Waza mejoran el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes con discapacidad auditiva.
The Relationship between Cyberbullying and Depression Among College Students
Authors: Al-Badayneh Diab
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between cyberbullying and depression among college students. Like real life bullying, cyberbullying leaves severe marks on victims’ psyche, the most important of which is depression. Therefore, this study examined the effect of cyberbullying on college students’ depression. One thousand Jordanian students from Tafila Technical University participated in the study. They represented all 12 Jordanian governorates and had a balanced representation of males (45.4%) and females (54.6%), and science (49.6%) and non-sciences college students (50.4%). Findings showed that cyberbullying exposed 26% of the students to violence and 9% percent of participants knew cyberbullying victims on and off-campus. A little over a third of the sample (37%) reported depression, 33% had a death wish, while a higher percentage (45%) had no interest in life. Females reported a slightly higher tendency towards depression than males of (19% vs. 18% respectively), but showed higher levels of no interest in life (25% vs. 20%), and death wish (18% vs. 14.8%). Further, cyberbullying correlated significantly with college students’ depression (.010) and low self-control (LSC) (.023) but most importantly, cyberbullying had a significant effect on depression (F = 9.538, α = 0.002). There was a significant effect of cyberbullying, LSC, fear, anger, gender, college type, and father’s work status on depression (F = 901.401, α = 0.000). Their combined effect explained 86% of the variance of the depression variable.
Syntax of Language in Visual Arts Education: Interactive Understanding through Image Prompt Generator
Authors: Octavia Ronald Regina
Published: July 2024

The development of image generators in visual arts has garnered attention from the field of art education, and this article explores the interaction between language syntax and visual arts through the use of image prompt generators. Given the increasing utilization of AI technology in visual creativity within art education. The research methodology involves analyzing the language syntax within prompts used as instructions for image prompt generators, followed by a visual evaluation of the generated outcomes related to the language descriptions. Data analysis will highlight the correlation between language syntax instructions and visual interpretations, with the subjective of identifying the extent to which language usage influences visual artistic creativity. The results are expected to provide a deeper understanding of the impact of language syntax in creating visual artworks through image prompt generator technology. The implications of this research can enhance comprehension of language syntax usage in the context of visual arts and support the development of more interactive art education methods.
Students’ Attitudes Towards E-learning: BA Students at the University of Belgrade as a Case Study
Authors: Belghmi Mehdi , El Hilali Elhassane , Belfakir Latifa
Published: July 2024

The Republic of Serbia has undergone several transformations within its educational system, which resulted in significant improvements over time. The current study investigates Serbian BA students’ perceptions of distance education at the University of Belgrade and their attitudes towards their teachers during online classes. Quantitative and qualitative research designs have been relied on, hence using a questionnaire and an interview to collect data. Furthermore, findings highlight how students view distance learning positively and how a good student-teacher relationship affects learning outcomes. These results provide valuable insights for policymakers, educators and educational institutions seeking to reinvent Serbia’s online learning experience.
Galler Prensi Edward ın (VII. Edward) İstanbul Ziyaretleri
Authors: ÇAKIR Sinan
Published: July 2024

1853-1856 Kırım Savaşı ve 1856 Paris Antlaşması ile başlayan süreçte
Avrupa devletleri ile ittifaklar kuran ve kendisi de artık bir Avrupa devleti
olarak kabul edilen Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun dostluğunu pekiştirdiği
ülkelerden biri de Büyük Britanya olmuştu. Kolonileri üzerinde büyük bir
tehlike olarak gördükleri Ruslara karşı Osmanlı ile ilişkilerini geliştirmeye
önem veren İngiliz Kraliçesi Victoria’nın oğlu ve veliahdı Galler Prensi
Edward, 1860’lı yılların başında ve sonunda iki kez İstanbul’u ziyaret etti.
1862 yılındaki ilk ziyareti gayri resmi statüde olan prens, 1869’da Süveyş
kanalının açılışı vesilesi ile ikinci kez Doğu seyahatine çıkmış ve ilkinden
farklı olarak bu sefer İstanbul’a eşi prenses Alexandra ile resmi bir ziyarette
bulunmuştu. Sultan Abdülaziz’in 1867 yılındaki Avrupa Seyahati
sırasında ikili ilişkileri oldukça gelişen Edward ve Osmanlı padişahı,
1869’daki ziyarette hem kendi ilişkilerini hem de iki devlet arasındaki
ilişkileri en üst seviyelere getirmişlerdi. Edward’ın ikinci ziyareti oldukça
görkemli bir şekilde başlayıp bitmişti.
Konu ile ilgili yayınlarda tevkî‘lerin “dua cümlesi” olduğu
söylenmekle yetinildiği ve bunların mahiyetinin tahlil edilmediği
görülmektedir. Makalede bu ibarelerin duadan mı ibaret olduğu veya böyle
tavsif etmenin yeterli olup olmadığı, daha da önemlisi sultanlar ve bu
belgelerin muhatapları için bunların ne ifade etmiş olabileceği, hangi
düşünceyle yazılmış olabileceği sorgulanmıştır.
Resmî belgelerdeki bu ibarelere genel diplomatik ilminde davet
(invocatio), Osmanlı diplomatikasında ise tahmîd ve temcîd adı
verilmektedir. Bu vesile ile bu adlandırmaların isabetlilik nisbeti de
değerlendirilmiştir