bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Enhancement of Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction Catalyzed by Cobalt Porphyrin Organic Cages for Ammonia Electrosynthesis in Water
Authors: An Lun , Narouz Mina , Smith Peter , De La Torre Patricia , Chang Christopher
Published: April 2023

The electrochemical nitrate (NO3ˉ) reduction reaction (NO3RR) to ammonia (NH3) represents a sustainable approach for denitrification to balance global nitrogen cycles and an alternative to traditional thermal Haber-Bosch processes. Here, we present a supramolecular strategy for promoting NH3 production in water from NO3RR by integrating two-dimensional (2D) molecular cobalt porphyrin (CoTPP) units into a three-dimensional (3D) porous organic cage architecture. The porphyrin box CoPB-C8 enhances electrochemical active site exposure, facilitates substrate-catalyst interactions, and improves catalyst stability, leading to turnover numbers and frequencies for NH3 production exceeding 200,000 and 56 s-1, respectively. These values represent a 15-fold increase in NO3RR activity and 200-mV improvement in overpotential for the 3D CoPB-C8 box structure compared to its 2D CoTPP counterpart. Synthetic tuning of peripheral alkyl substituents highlights the importance of supramolecular porosity and cavity size on electrochemical NO3RR activity. These findings establish the incorporation of 2D molecular units into 3D confined space microenvironments as an effective supramolecular design strategy for enhancing electrocatalysis.
Highly Stable Bio-templated InP/ZnSe/ZnS Quantum Dots for Specific Monitoring of Bacterial Membrane Proteins
Authors: Yousefi Hanie , Sagar Laxmi Kishore , Geraili Armin , Chang Dingran , García de Arquer F. Pelayo , D. Flynn Connor , Lee Seungjin , Sargent Edward H. , O. Kelley Shana
Published: April 2023

Despite their unique optical and electrical characteristics, traditional semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) made of heavy metals or carbon are not compatible with many biomedical applications. Cytotoxicity and environmental concerns are key limiting factors that prevent their widescale transition from laboratory research to real-world medical applications. Recently, advanced InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs have emerged as excellent alternatives to traditional QDs due to their lower toxicity and optical properties; however, they fall short of traditional QDs with respect to their versatility for bioconjugation (i.e., surface chemistry limitations causing unstability in aqueous environments). In this work, we construct a road map for generating, for the first time, highly efficient bio-templated InP/ZnSe/ZnS-aptamers (QDAPT) with long-term stability and high selectivity for applications in targetting bacterial membrane proteins. Our QDAPTs show fast binding reaction kinetics (less than 5 minutes), high brightness, and high shelf-life stability (3 months) after biotemplation in aqueous solvents. We also demonstrate the detection of bacterial membrane proteins on common surfaces using a hand-held imaging device, which attests to the great potential of this system for incorporation into future biomedical technologies.
Efficient automatic construction of atom-economical QM regions with point-charge variation analysis
Authors: Brandt Felix , Jacob Christoph
Published: April 2023

The setup of QM/MM calculations is not trivial since many decisions have to be made by the simulation scientist to achieve reasonable and consistent results. The main challenge to be tackled is the construction of the QM region to make sure to take into account all important parts of the adjacent environment and exclude less important ones. In our previous work [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 65, 18, 2584–2596 (2022)], we introduced the point charge variation analysis (PCVA) as a simple and reliable tool to systematically construct QM regions based on the sensitivity of the reaction energy with respect to variations of the MM point charges. Here, we assess several simplified variants of this PCVA approach for the example of catechol O-methyltransferase and apply PCVA for another system, the triosephosphate isomerase. Furthermore, we extend its scope by applying it to a DNA system. Our results indicate that PCVA offers an efficient and versatile approach of the automatic construction of atom-economical QM regions, but also identify possible pitfalls and limitations.
Source to taps investigation of natural organic matter in non-disinfected drinking water distribution systems
Authors: Gabrielli Marco , Pulcini Fabio , Barbesti Giacomo , Antonelli Manuela
Published: April 2023

Despite being reduced by treatment, natural organic matter (NOM) is ubiquitous in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) from sources to consumers taps where it can potentially have negative impacts on drinking water quality. While few studies have studied its behavior in disinfected and NOM-rich DWDSs, its dynamics in non-disinfected systems, characterized by low NOM content, have not been explored yet. In this study, we monitored the NOM variations occurring between sources and consumers taps of a non-disinfected DWDS using both absorbance and fluorescence, selected due to their increasing adoption by water utilities. PARAFAC analysis of fluorescence data, combined with absorbance indices, highlighted how NOM characteristics in groundwater can vary likely due to the combination of multiple factors, especially in case of shallower aquifers. The treatment processes acted differently on fluorescent components and absorbance likely due to the differences among fluorophores and between fluorescent and chromophoric molecules. Within the distribution network, variations were detected only at selected sampling locations suggesting the importance of the “last meter” factor, especially for sampling locations located within buildings. These findings remark the overall stability of water quality within non-disinfected DWDSs, but they stress the importance of localized water quality variations, suggesting several implications for DWDS monitoring and management.
Scalable Extraction of Information from Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Chemoresponsive Liquid Crystals Using Topological Descriptors
Authors: Jiang Shengli , Bao Nanqi , Smith Alexander D. , Byndoor Shraddha , Van Lehn Reid C. , Mavrikakis Manos , Abbott Nicholas L. , Zavala Victor M.
Published: April 2023

Chemoresponsive liquid crystals (LCs) can be engineered to generate information-rich optical responses (in the form of space-time color and brightness patterns) when exposed to target gas contaminants. We investigate the use of topological descriptors (Euler characteristic, lacunarity, and fractal dimension) for extracting different types of information from these complex optical responses and show that these tools can enable the design of sensors and help gain insights into physical phenomena governing sensor responses. We provide a holistic perspective of topological descriptors using theory of Minkowski functionals and fractal analysis, which allows us to understand specific information that each descriptor extracts. We also show how to use the topological descriptors in conjunction with space-time filtration operations and color representations to enrich the information extracted. We demonstrate how these capabilities can be used in flexible ways to facilitate unsupervised machine learning (ML) tasks (clustering and visualization) and supervised tasks (regression and classification). We demonstrate the developments using real, high-throughput experimental datasets for functionalized LC films that are exposed to different gaseous environments. We show that the topological descriptors encode significant information and can be used to detect outliers in high-throughput data and visualize the temporal evolution of topology. Moreover, we show that the topological descriptors can be used to predict contaminant concentrations using simple ML models such as support vector machines; notably, these ML models can achieve comparable accuracies to those of powerful convolutional neural networks but with a much lower computational cost (from hours to seconds) and using less sophisticated computing hardware (CPUs instead of GPUs). This scalability enables the analysis of space-time data at high resolutions.
Investigating mass transfer relationships in stereolithography 3D printed electrodes for redox flow batteries
Authors: van der Heijden Maxime , Kroese Marit , Borneman Zandrie , Forner-Cuenca Antoni
Published: April 2023

Porous electrodes govern the electrochemical performance and pumping requirements in redox flow batteries, yet conventional carbon-fiber-based porous electrodes have not been tailored to sustain the requirements of liquid-phase electrochemistry. 3D printing is an effective approach to manufacture deterministic architectures, enabling the tuning of electrochemical performance and pressure drop. In this work, model grid structures are manufactured with stereolithography 3D printing followed by carbonization and tested as flow battery electrode materials. Microscopy, tomography, spectroscopy, fluid dynamics, and electrochemical diagnostics are employed to investigate the resulting electrode properties, mass transport, and pressure drop of ordered lattice structures. The influence of the printing direction, pillar geometry, and flow field type on the cell performance is investigated and mass transfer vs. electrode structure correlations are elucidated. It is found that the printing direction impacts electrode performance through a change in electrode morphology, resulting in enhanced performance for diagonally printed electrodes. Furthermore, mass transfer rates within the electrode are improved by helical or triangular pillar shapes or by using interdigitated flow field designs. This study shows the potential of stereolithography 3D printing to manufacture customized electrode scaffolds, which could enable multiscale structures with superior electrochemical performance and low pumping losses.
Flour moisture detection with an europium-based luminescent sensor
Authors: Fueyo-González Francisco , Santiago-Cenit Anabel , Villodres Rocio , Sainz Ignacio , Micolonghi Giulia , Talavera Eva M. , Teychené Sébastien , Rodriguez-Ruiz Isaac , Herranza Rosario , Orte Angel , Garcia-Fernandez Emilio , Gonzalez-Vera Juan A.
Published: April 2023

In this work, we describe the application of the self-assembled europium complex 1:Eu(III) (where 1: diethyl 8-methoxy-2-oxo-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-cyclopenta[de]quinolin-3-yl)phosphonate) for the analysis of water content of wheat flour as well as from a variety of other food raw materials. The methodology herein described represents a robust and accurate way for the detection of small amounts of water in food, providing comparing results with well-established methods such as thermogravimetry and Karl-Fischer titration. Interestingly, as an advantage over other methods, our luminescent-based approach can be implemented in lab-on-a-chip microfluidic devices for real-time and on-line detection of water content of food samples. Additionally, the remarkably long luminescence lifetime of Eu(III) allows the use of state-of-the-art imaging strategies based on PLIM microscopy for the direct visualization of unique water content maps of flour grains.
UV-Driven Self-Repair of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers in RNA
Authors: Crucilla Sarah , Ding Dian , Lozano Gabriella , Szostak Jack , Sasselov Dimitar , Kufner Corinna
Published: April 2023

Genetic molecules like DNA and RNA can be damaged by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, forming structural photolesions, such as cyclobutane-pyrimidine-dimers (CPD). Self-repair of CPDs via charge transfer from adjacent bases is an enzyme-free protective mechanism of nucleic acids against UV sunlight. On the surface of the early Earth, these self-stabilizing mechanisms likely affected the selection of the earliest nucleotide sequences. So far, self-repair has exclusively been ob-served in DNA. Here, we show for the first time that RNA, which is crucial to life on Earth and thought of as a progenitor of DNA, can also promote self-repair via charge transfer from adjacent bases. We determined the quantum yields of the self-repair of the CPD-containing DNA sequence, d(GAT=T) (0.44%), and RNA sequence, GAU=U (0.23%), to d(GATT) and GAUU upon 285 nm irradiation via UV / Vis spectroscopy and HPLC analysis. We studied the dynamics of the intermedi-ate charge transfer (CT) state responsible for the self-repair with ultrafast UV pump – IR probe spectroscopy. In the di-nucleotides GA and d(GA), we found comparable quantum yields of the CT state of ~50% and lifetimes on the order of several hundred picoseconds. Charged radicals in RNA strands might lead to reactions currently not considered in RNA photochemistry and may help to understand RNA damage formation and repair in modern cells.
UTILE-Gen: Automated Image Analysis in Nanoscience Using Synthetic Dataset Generator and Deep Learning
Authors: Colliard-Granero André , Jitsev Jenia , Eikerling Michael , Malek Kourosh , Eslamibidgoli Mohammad J.
Published: April 2023

This work presents the development and implementation of a deep learning-based workflow for autonomous image analysis in nanoscience. A versatile, agnostic, and configurable tool was developed to generate instance-segmented imaging datasets of nanoparticles. The synthetic generator tool employs domain randomization to expand the image/mask pairs dataset for training supervised deep learning models. The approach eliminates tedious manual annotation and allows training of high-performance models for microscopy image analysis based on convolutional neural networks. We demonstrate how the expanded training set can significantly improve the performance of the classification and instance segmentation models for a variety of nanoparticle shapes, ranging from spherical-, cubic-, rod-shaped to amorphous nanoparticles. Finally, the trained models were deployed in a cloud-based analytics platform for the autonomous particle analysis of microscopy images.
Rotational transitions of COH+ and He: New interaction potential, bound states, scattering and pressure broadening cross-sections
Authors: . Ritika , Kushwaha Apoorv , Dhilip Kumar T. J.
Published: April 2023

We present new calculations of a metastable isomer of HCO+, i.e. COH+ in collision with He. The COH+ has been suggested as an alternative molecular hydrogen tracer, which makes it of great interest for astrophysical studies. COH+ was first observed in astronomical space towards SgrB2 with the observation of J=1→0, J=2→1 and J=3→2 lines. Calculations are based on new ab initio potential energy surfaces (PES) of charged complex COH+-He using the CCSD(T) in conjunction with aug-cc-pVQZ basis set. The PES has a well depth of -836.5 cm−1 towards H-end at the COH+−He distance (R) of 2.9 ˚A in linear orientation. To test the new PES, the calculations of the bound-state are carried out and pressure broadening cross-sections of COH+ with He collisions are computed for kinetic energies up to 150 cm−1 using the accurate close-coupling method. Further, the pressure broadening and shift coefficients have been calculated from the corresponding real and imaginary parts of cross-sections for the first six rotational transitions. The data obtained is found to be in the same order as the HCO+-He system. Further, we have computed the rate coefficients and compared the results with the reported COH+-He and HCO+-He data. The results generated by this study is believed to be useful for both laboratory and future astrophysical research.
PBCNet：Computing Relative Binding Affinity of Ligands to a Receptor Based on a Pairwise Binding Comparison Network for Lead Optimization
Authors: Yu Jie , Li Zhaojun , Chen Geng , Kong Xiangtai , Hu Jie , Wang Dingyan , Cao Duanhua , Li Yanbei , Liu Xiaohong , Wang Gang , Jiang Hualiang , Li Xutong , Luo Xiaomin , Zheng Mingyue
Published: April 2023

Structure-based lead optimization is an open challenge in drug discovery, which is still largely driven by hypotheses and depends on the experience of medicinal chemists. We here propose a pairwise binding comparison network (PBCNet) based on physics-informed graph attention mechanism, specifically tailored for ranking relative binding affinity among congeneric ligands. Benchmarking on two held-out sets (provided by Schrödinger, Inc. and Merck KGaA) containing over 460 ligands and 16 targets, PBCNet demonstrated significant advantages in terms of both prediction accuracy and computational efficiency. Equipped with a fine-tuning operation, the performance of PBCNet reaches that of Schrödinger's FEP+, which is much more computationally intensive and requires significant expert intervention. A further simulation-based experiment showed that active learning-optimized PBCNet may accelerate lead optimization campaigns by 30%. Finally, for the convenience of users, a web service (https://pbcnet.alphama.com.cn/index) for PBCNet is established to facilitate complex relative binding affinity prediction through an easy-to-operate graphical interface.
Effect of FEC electrolyte additive on the electrochemical performance of nickel-rich NCM ternary cathode
Authors: She Shengxian , Zhou Yangfan , Hong Zijian , Huang Yuhui , Wu Yongjun
Published: April 2023

It has been well established recently that fluorinated electrolyte additives such as Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) could promote the formation of LiF-based solid electrolyte interphase that can stabilize lithium metal anode. Meanwhile, the impact of FEC additive on the cathode side, particularly for the high energy density nickel-rich LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 (NCM) ternary cathodes, remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the structural and chemical composition of cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) and its electrochemical performance to elucidate the effect of FEC additive on the LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2 (NCM90) cathode for high energy lithium-ion batteries. It is discovered that the FEC additive in carbonate electrolyte (BE-FEC) can produce LiFbased CEI, which could stabilize the NCM90 surface and improve the cycle performance at low cut-off voltage. While the formation of a thick LiF layer under high cut-off voltage and high rate leads to a higher polarization and slower Li+ transport kinetics, which in turn deteriorates the battery performance. Whereas in carbonate electrolyte (BE), under low voltage, the unstable Li2CO3-based amorphous CEI components form on the NCM90 surface while an intermediate rock salt structure can also be identified, leading to poor cycle life. While under high voltage, the BE sample shows superior electrochemical performance due to the formation of a thin LiF layer from the decomposition of the LiPF6. Our work provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of FEC in the CEI of nickel-rich cathodes, offering practical guidance for the design of electrolytes for high-energy nickel-rich cathodes.
Comparative Study of Topical 1% Terbinafine Cream Versus 1% Clotrimazole Cream in The Treatment of Tineapedis
Authors:   College of Medicine , Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq, Hasan Mohammed Araz , Ahmed Omer Gulikhan
Published: April 2023

Background:Tinea pedis (athletic foot) is the most common dermatophytic fungal infection of the body. It may last for a short or long time and may recur after treatment. Objective: To assessed and compared the effectiveness and safety of 1% terbinafine cream and 1% clotrimazole cream for the treatment of tinea pedis. Patients and Methods: Randomized control trial was done in the outpatient clinic of dermatology department in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil. From March, 2019 to January, 2020. Sixty patients with tinea pedis diag-nosed clinically were included in this study. Thirty patients applied 1% terbinafine cream topically twice daily for one week and thirty patients applied 1% clotrimazole cream topically twice daily for four weeks. Scraping for fungi was performed before and after therapy. Efficacy was assessed by clini-cal cure and mycological cure. Clinical and mycological cure measured at weeks one, four and six. Results: Mycological cure rates were 86.7% for terbinafine and 80% for clotrimazole at 4 weeks, 86.7% for terbinafine and 90% for clotrimazole at 6 weeks. At 4 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had a 76.67 percent clinical treatment rate; at 6 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate. Conclusion: The study showed that one week terbinafine two times a day is as effective as four weeks clotrimazole two times a day as well as in terms of mycological treatments and efficient therapies.
Study of Serum Adiponectin, Leptin, and Galectin-3 in Breast Cancer
Authors:   College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq, Abdulkareem Ibrahim Aisha , Nori Ahmed Sardar
Published: April 2023

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer that threatens the lives of women all over the world. Adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin), and the β-galactoside-binding proteins (galectin-3) are new suggested parameters for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. Objective: To find relationship between serum adiponectin, leptin, and galectin-3 and breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis factors. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was done between (August 2021 to June 2022). Totally collected 111 female blood samples from patients that diagnosed with a breast cancer and healthy control, Samples were grouped into Group I (30 healthy control), Group II (43 patients pre-treatment), and Group III (38 patients post-treatment), from Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Nanakali Hospital, Hawler Teaching Hospital- General surgery and Neurosurgical Department, PAR Private Hospital, PAKY Hospital, and Rasul Private Hospital at Iraq-Erbil city and the age 18 up to 77 included in this study. Biochemical tests were performed (Adiponectin, Leptin, Galectin-3). These sample were analysed by using blood serum, statistically analysis the result. Results: The post-treatment, pre-treatment, and control in respectively about (60.52%, 60.46%, and 63.34%) were the majority of the study population (38-57) age group. There is a statistically significant differences between case and control groups in residency, family history, and BMI with a P-vale of (0.08, <0.001, 0.015), respectively. Leptin, adiponectin, and galectin-3 were statistically significant (0.007, <0.01, and <0.01), in respectively. About cancer characteristic galectin-3 was significant with (ER/PR) receptor (P:0.037) and grade (P:0.034), also leptin was significant with the ee (P: 0.025). Conclusion: We concluded that Adiponectin, Leptin, and Galectin-3 were new potential biochemical marker for diagnosis and prognosis the breast cancer, would be useful and important marker for assessing and evaluating grade, and receptor of the therapy plan.
The Khubsugul earthquake of January 12, 2021 and its aftershocks: electrochemical responces of groundwaters from southwestern coast of Lake Baikal
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Snopkov S.V. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Kurоlenko A.A. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: April 2023

On January 12, 2021, a strong earthquake occurred, the epicenter of which was located in the water area of Lake Khubsugul (Mongolian People's Republic). A feature of the Khubsugul earthquake was the prolonged aftershock activity. The period of seismic reactivation in the Khubsugul area coincided with detailed measurements of electrochemical parameters of groundwaters at the southwestern coast of Lake Baikal. Statistical analysis of seismic activity and changes in the measured groundwater parameters revealed connection between these processes.
Research on the Significance and Problems of Heroes in the Textbook Compilation
Authors: Pu Jiawan
Published: April 2023

A large number texts depicting heroes have been compiled in the ministry edition of Chinese textbooks in junior high school, such as Deng Jiaxian, a scientist who has ardent love for the motherland and is fearless of difficulties and dangers; Wen Yiduo, a patriot who is devoted to study and has a strong sense of righteousness; Ye Shengtao, a scholar who is noted for his eticulous scholarship and attends to everything personally; Alizer Buffy, an unknown old man who is devoted to tree-planting in obscurity, and so on. The nalysis, understanding and reading of these heroic stories and the interpretation of the significance and value of the selection of heroic images into Chinese textbooks are conducive to grasping the core quality of Chinese courses and improving the teaching of heroic images; inheriting and carrying forward the fine civilization and historical and cultural traditions of mankind, and establishing national cultural self-confidence and pride; perfecting the value system of educators and empowering students to grow healthily; guiding teenagers with immature values to establish healthy and upward values.
Discussion on the Effective Use of Error Resources in Primary School Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Dai Qianqian
Published: April 2023

With the development of the times, most primary and secondary schools have begun to carry out curriculum and teaching reform, in order to furthercultivate students’ ability of inquiry thinking. Mathematics is a relativelyabstract course. With students’ high thinking ability, they are faced withmany problems and challenges. In this process, the teaching mode ofteachers is too traditional. In class, teachers always give endless lectures, sothat students have little time for independent thinking and inquiry learning.At the same time, teachers pay too much attention to the use of “correctresources” in the teaching process, but ignore the use of “wrong resources”and the use of value. The long-term continuation of this teaching modewill reduce the enthusiasm and initiative of primary school students inmathematics learning, and learning is very bad for students. Therefore,teachers should pay attention to the correct use of “wrong resources”, andmake effective use of these resources for classroom teaching, in order toimprove students’ learning enthusiasm and the cultivation of inquiry ability.
Research of Strapdown Integrated Navigation System Based on Rotation Control Technology
Authors: Dong Xu , Dong Jianshu , Wang Hui , Yan Zongrui
Published: April 2023

To realize high-precision Single-axial Rotating FOG-SINS, a low-power, low-cost, middle-precision rotating control mechanism design for single axial rotating navigation system is put forward. Through theory analysis, design and experimental verification, the rotating control mechanism has good control precision and high reliability, which meets the demands for developing middle & high-precision FOG-SINS.
Números reales para la ingeniería
Authors: Valderrama Martínez Daniel Alberto
Published: April 2023

Existen diversos métodos para introducir al conjunto de los números reales. En algunos de ellos, los números reales se construyen a partir de un conjunto de axiomas, con base en los cuales se elabora toda una teoría. En otros, el principio fundamental parte del hecho de que el conjunto de los números reales es la unión de dos conjuntos infinitos, como el de los números racionales y el de los números irracionales. A su vez, se da por hecho que el conjunto de los números racionales está determinado por la unión de números enteros y las fracciones. En este libro se ha buscado llevar a cabo la construcción de los números reales a partir de un contexto histórico que haga evidentes los procesos de transformación e ideas que surgieron para concebir la noción de un conjunto infinito no numerable. La construcción de los números reales a partir de los números naturales fue una tarea desarrollada por varios matemáticos a lo largo de la historia y que, sin duda, constituye un método constructivo, práctico y dinámico para dotar de significado al número real, necesario para la resolución de múltiples problemas.
A review on Parkinson's disease diagnosis using machine learning techniques
Authors: Chnachal  , Megha Mishra , Vishnu Kumar Mishra
Published: April 2023

The decreased production of dopamine in the forebrain is believed to be the underlying cause of Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the nervous system. Parkinson's disease is a chronic and progressive illness that may develop new symptoms over time (Nilashi et al., 2016). This occurs as neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain gradually die. People with Parkinson's disease may find it difficult to perform everyday tasks in the workplace. Although clinical evaluations consider a significant amount of data that includes various aspects, it is not always easy to determine whether a person has PD based on this data alone. Feature selection methods can help address this issue. Various techniques are being researched, developed, and evaluated for diagnosing Parkinson's disease, based on the relevant information. This study provides an overview of the use of machine learning algorithms to predict Parkinson's disease, as well as the various new technologies that have been developed and the accuracy that has been achieved.
A review on glaucoma detection using deep learning algorithms
Authors: Deepshikha  , Megha Mishra , Vishnu Kumar Mishra
Published: April 2023

Glaucoma is a progressive eye condition that causes loss of vision and cannot be restored once it has occurred. The diagnosis of glaucoma is an important issue that has to be resolved in the realm of medicine. There have only been a limited number of research efforts aimed at detecting glaucoma in its earlier stages. Nevertheless, the performance of glaucoma illness identification utilizing the various approaches that are now available was ineffective. In addition to this, the time commitment involved in traditional methods of glaucoma illness identification was significantly higher. Finding glaucoma in color fundus photos is a difficult undertaking that calls both knowledge as well as years of practice. Deep learning techniques have rapidly emerged as a method of choice for the analysis of medical pictures. In this study, we took advantage of the application of various Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) schemes to demonstrate the influence on performance of relevant factors such as the size of the data set, architecture, and the use of transfer learning versus newly defined architectures at an early stage with higher accuracy and a lower amount of time. Specifically, we compared the two types of architectures in terms of their ability to learn from previous examples. Deep learning techniques have rapidly emerged as a method of choice for the analysis of medical pictures. This study examines the primary deep learning ideas that are applicable to medical image analysis and provides a summary of the contributions to the area. We take a look at the application of deep learning to various image processing tasks such as classification, object identification, segmentation, and registration.
Clinic–anatomical characteristic of the traffic–transport trauma in the megapolis environment First communication: the damage volume
Authors: Guryev S. O. , Kushnir V. A.
Published: April 2023

Objective. To determine the damage volume as a significant component of clinical–anatomical characteristic of traumas in the injured persons, who have obtained the trauma as a consequence of the traffic–transport accidents in the megapolis environment.

Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of data, concerning 1139 injured persons, who have got trauma as a consequence of the traffic–transport accidents in the City of Kyiv in the period 2019–2020 yrs.

Results. There was established, that up to 70% of the injured persons have got a small volume of damage – with injuries of up to three anatomic–functional sites. Only 9% of such injured persons have got a big volume of trauma. The trauma volume have impacted the result of the traumatic process course with the discovered tendency for enhancement of part of the injured persons, obtaining negative result as a consequence of the trauma volume enhancement.

Conclusion. Among the traumas, which were got by the injured persons as a consequence of the traffic–transport accidents in the megapolis environment, the restricted by volume trauma prevails – up to 75.42%. Injuries of four anatomic–functional sites as a consequence of the traffic–transport accidents constitute a critical volume of the damage obtained for these category of injured persons. The damage volume in the injured persons, who were traumatized due to the traffic–transport accidents depends immediately upon such factor as «the taking part in the injured person movement», while the biggest influence have demonstrated the factor of «taking part in the pedestrian movement». The factor, named as a «taking part in movement of the injured person» impacts immediately the result of the traumatic process course in any volume of the damage, and this influence is enhancing with the damage volume enhanced.
Clinical observation of nonoperated polydactylia of right hand
Authors: Kavyn V. O.
Published: April 2023

Clinical observation of nonoperated polydactylia of right hand
Program Sześćdziesiąt Minut Studia Munka SFP jako nowy model realizacji fabularnego filmu niskobudżetowego
Authors: Wróblewska Anna
Published: April 2023

The aim of the article is to recreate, on the basis of existing and available data and information, a feature film production model characteristic of the „Sixty Minutes” programme, which is realised at the Munk Studio, operating at the Polish Filmmakers Association. This programme has been operating since 2017 and has resulted in such films as „Supernova” by Bartosz Kruhlik, „Eastern” by Piotr Adamski, „Wiarołom” by Piotr Złotorowicz, „Chleb i sól” by Damian Kocur and „Braty” by Marcin Filipowicz. This model consists of factors of a programmatic and ideological nature, resulting from the assumptions and goals of the programme as well as the specificity of the producer; on the other hand, the production of „60s” in specific financial, social and environmental conditions requires the producer and the production department to apply specific implementation practices and use creative solutions, thanks to which the author’s vision of the debutante will be able to materialise despite budget constraints.
ATLANERSA’S OBELISK
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makhachashvili Zviadi V. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: April 2023

The article is about an analysis of the inscriptions on the obelisk of the Nubian king Atlanersa (653–643 BC). The obelisk was found in the Christian church of Dongola and part of the text has been lost. This article attempts to analyze and translate the surviving text on the four sides of the obelisk. In the inscription, all five royal titles of Atlanersa are restored. The author traces the analogies between the inscriptions on the obelisk of Piankhy (titular placement) and the inscription of Atlanersa on the stand for the sacred barque from the temple B 703 (words of Amun of Napata) and comes to the conclusion about the construction of the obelisk by order of Amun of Napata.
A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SIKH ART IN PUNJAB
Authors: Kaur Sukhandeep , Viranjan Ram
Published: April 2023

Punjab is one of the paramount states in the history of India from its artistic, literary, and historical significance of view, in which Indian culture and sophistication first came to the forefront. Punjab has always been the motherland of sages, incarnations, Gurus, martyrs, and freedom fighters. The contribution of these Sikh Divine master’s to the society cannot be summed up in a few words. However, many writers endowed the principles about the life of these Gurus in their terms as they penned their spiritual, social, and religious perspectives. Hence, art was not deprived of this touch either; many artistic movements made the Sikh religion the subject of their work. Sikh art has been, at its zenith, among the vast arts prospering in the land of Punjab, which brought the unique religious, social, and historical facets of Sikhism with tremendous sincerity and vividness in the exquisite touch of colours. In this paper, an attempt has been made for sharing some of the essential aspects of Sikh art from its birth to its development, which led to some significant sources of Sikh art in the form of Sikh murals, illustrated manuscripts, and portraits of Sikh Gurus, and so on.
Der Vater und seine Bedeutung für Tochter und Sohn
Authors: Hopf Hans
Published: April 2023

Vor dem Hintergrund des gesellschaftlichen Wandels haben sich auch Beziehungen und Ehen erheblich verändert. Wegen der zunehmenden Berufstätigkeit der Frauen musste sich die ehemalige, oft einseitige Rollenverteilung verändern. Dabei wurden außerfamiliäre Einrichtungen für die Versorgung der Kinder immer wichtiger. Immer drängender wurde aber auch die Frage, wie Vater und Mutter verantwortlich dafür sorgen können, dass auch die Mutter berufstätig sein und ihre Karriere verfolgen kann, ohne dass es auf Kosten der Kinder geht. In den Kinderkrippen mangelt es gelegentlich an Quantität und Qualität von Erzieherinnen und Erziehern. Wie können Risiken von Kinderkrippen vermindert werden? Weil Jungen so gut wie keinen Männern in der Erziehung begegnen, werden ihnen geringere Chancen als den Mädchen eingeräumt, sich psychisch gesund zu entwickeln. Darum sind psychisch präsente Väter in der Familie in den ersten Lebensjahren eines Kindes so wichtig und förderlich. Denn der Vater übt von Geburt an und über die verschiedenen Altersstufen hinweg bedeutsame, sich verändernde distinktive Funktionen für die psychische Entwicklung seiner Kinder aus, die ihn von Mütterlichem unterscheiden. Er gewinnt zentrale Bedeutung bei der Identifizierung und Triangulierung und besitzt für die seelische Entwicklung von Mädchen und Jungen ganz unterschiedliche Funktionen. Vaterlosigkeit ist ein erheblicher Risikofaktor für verschiedene psychische Auffälligkeiten. Die unterschiedlichen, geschlechtsspezifischen Folgen für Mädchen und Jungen sind gravierend und können ein ganzes Leben lang beeinträchtigend wirken.
MVT-Evaluationsstudie zur Wirksamkeit der Mentalisierungsfördernden Verhaltenstherapie
Authors: Sulz Serge K. D. , Brejcha Melanie , Koch Daniel , Hofherr Lukas , Wedlich Kurt
Published: April 2023

Das ist die erste MVT-Evaluationsstudie, bei der die Wirkung aller sieben MVT-Trainingseinheiten der Mentalisierungsfördernden Verhaltenstherapie auf die Mentalisierungsfähigkeit und Stärkung der Persönlichkeit untersucht wurde. Es kam zu einer hochsignifikanten Zunahme der Mentalisierungsfähigkeit und zur Reduktion dysfunktionaler Persönlichkeitszüge sowie zu einem besseren Umgang mit der zentralen Angst. Das Ausmaß an Frustration kindlicher Bedürfnisse wurde durch das MVT-Training mehr ins Bewusstsein gehoben, wodurch die Entstehung der dysfunktionalen Überlebensregel und der dysfunktionalen Persönlichkeitszüge reflektiert werden konnte und die Formulierung einer neuen erlaubnisgebenden Lebensregel erleichtert wurde. Wahrnehmung und Ausdruck von Wut gehörten zu dieser Erlaubnis.
Breeding improvement of spring Indian dwarf wheat Triticum sphaerococcum Percival under the conditions of the Middle Volga region
Authors: Askhadullin Dam. F. , Askhadullin Dan. F. , Vasilova N. Z. , Tazutdinova M. R. , Khusainova I. I. , Gayfullina G. R. , Kirillova E. S. , Lysenko N. S.
Published: April 2023

Background. Indian dwarf wheat (Triticum sphaerococcum Percival) has positive traits: round grain shape, excellent flour and grain quality, and a short stem, but it is difficult to develop cultivars of this species due to low productivity. The main problem in the improvement of T. sphaerococcum is the pleiotropic effect of grain roundness and ear compactness caused by the S-D1 and C2 genes. These genes are inherited together with negative features peculiar to this species: small grain, and low ear productivity. This paper presents the results of breeding improvement of Indian dwarf wheat from the VIR collection.Materials and methods. The research materials were five T. sphaerococcum accessions from the VIR collection, promising lines of Indian dwarf wheat released by the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture, and regional reference cultivars. Conventional methods of spring bread wheat breeding were applied. Evaluation of main diseases was based on VIR’s methodological guidelines. Baking qualities were assessed using generally accepted methods and standards adopted in Russia.Results. The work resulted in producing competitive lines of T. sphaerococcum which surpassed the original accessions in yield and resistance to main fungal diseases, but their grain yield was lower than that of the reference bread wheat cultivar ‘Yoldyz’. High flour and grain quality levels of Indian dwarf wheat were confirmed. A patent was obtained for the Indian dwarf wheat cultivar ‘Sakara’.
Absceso esplénico: ¿drenaje percutáneo o esplenectomía?
Authors: Correa Juan Camilo , Morales Carlos H. , Sanabria Álvaro E.
Published: April 2023

El absceso esplénico es una entidad poco común, su incidencia es de 0,2 a 0,7 %. El trabajo diagnóstico temprano y el tratamiento oportuno han permitido un mayor número de resultados exitosos. El tratamiento convencional ha sido la esplenectomía; sin embargo, por la importancia inmunológica del bazo y la morbimortalidad del tratamiento quirúrgico, hay una tendencia al tratamiento médico y de menor invasión. En este artículo se presenta una revisión narrativa del problema con base en la literatura médica con mayor ‘evidencia’, se discuten las diferentes alternativas de tratamiento y se concluye que el tratamiento debe individualizarse a cada paciente. El drenaje percutáneo es la primera línea de tratamiento; si este fracasa, debe considerarse la esplenectomía. Aunque con tiempos quirúrgicos más prolongados, la esplenectomía laparoscópica se asocia con una reducción significativa de la morbilidad posquirúrgica.
Rendimiento diagnóstico de la punción aspiración con aguja fina de tejido tiroideo
Authors: Granel-Villach Laura , Fortea-Sanchis Carlos , Laguna-Sastre José Manuel , Escrig-Sos Javier , Salvador-Sanchís José Luis
Published: April 2023

Introducción. La punción aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF) de la glándula tiroides constituye un proceso diagnóstico que permite determinar de forma segura y fiable, si un nódulo tiroideo es benigno o maligno.

Objetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la eficacia diagnóstica de la PAAF en nuestro centro.

Material y métodos. Se llevó a cabo de 2009 a 2013 un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con nódulo tiroideo sospechoso de ser maligno. Las variables del estudio fueron: edad, sexo, tamaño del nódulo tiroideo, realización de PAAF, estudio anatomo-patológico de la biopsia y diagnóstico definitivo. Se comparó el rendimiento diagnóstico de la PAAF frente a los resultados de la biopsia posoperatoria.

Resultados. Durante los cinco años del estudio, se practicó PAAF de tejido tiroideo a 112 pacientes (30,2 %, hombres, y 69,8 %, mujeres), con un tamaño medio nodular de 2 cm (rango: 1 a 4). La PAAF fue positiva para neoplasia maligna en 26 casos (23,2 %) y negativa
Caso inusual de duplicación apendicular complicado con apendicitis
Authors: Álvarez Rubén Darío , Rodríguez Alfonso Orlando , Echeverry Lesley Estefanía
Published: April 2023

La apendicitis aguda es la causa más común de abdomen agudo quirúrgico, con pocas anomalías congénitas descritas durante las intervenciones quirúrgicas, entre ellas, la duplicación apendicular y, menos común, la inflamación simultánea de ambas vísceras demostradas por estudios histopatológicos. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 72 años de edad con un cuadro de apendicitis aguda intervenido quirúrgicamente, en quien se hallaron dos apéndices cecales inflamados durante el mismo acto quirúrgico. Se intervienen quirúrgicamente pocos casos de duplicación apendicular y menos aún de apendicitis simultánea, entidad importante para la literatura médica nacional e internacional como caso inusual y como sospecha diagnóstica durante la intervención quirúrgica.
Utilidad de la citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina en el diagnóstico de las neoplasias foliculares de la glándula tiroides en la E.S.E Hospital Universitario del Caribe: un estudio retrospectivo
Authors: Herrera Francisco , Redondo Katherine , Osorio Carlos , Grice Juan , Fernández Alberto
Published: April 2023

Introducción. En este estudio se evaluó en forma retrospectiva la utilidad de la citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina, en el diagnóstico de las neoplasias foliculares de la glándula tiroides. Metodología. Se llevó a cabo una revisión retrospectiva de las historias clínicas de los pacientes con impresión diagnóstica de nódulo tiroideo, durante un periodo de 7 años, de 2007 a 2013, durante los cuales se practicó citología mediante aspiración con aguja fina antes del abordaje quirúrgico. El diagnóstico citológico se comparó con el estudio anatomopatológico, con el objetivo de determinar los parámetros de rendimiento. Resultados. La población de estudio fue de 149 pacientes. Para la citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina, se calcularon los siguientes parámetros de rendimiento en el diagnóstico de neoplasias foliculares: sensibilidad, 54,5 %; especificidad, 92,9 %; valor diagnóstico positivo, 57,1 %; valor diagnóstico negativo, 92,2 %; precisión diagnóstica, 87,2 %; falsos negativos, 6,9 % y falsos positivos, 6,1 %. Conclusión. La citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina posee una sensibilidad baja en el diagnóstico de las neoplasias foliculares de la glándula tiroides, comportamiento atribuible a la similitud citológica de este grupo de lesiones con los bocios con cambios adenomatosos.
GIST apendicular
Authors: Calle Ángela María , López Carlos Alberto , Sierra Jhonny , Ávila Alejandra
Published: April 2023

El tumor del estroma gastrointestinal (Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor, GIST), localizado en el apéndice, constituye una entidad poco frecuente. Su cuadro clínico e imaginológico es indistinguible de una apendicitis aguda, por lo que su diagnóstico definitivo está dado por el estudio histopatológico e inmunohistoquímico. El tratamiento estándar es la apendicectomía. El propósito de este artículo es la presentación de un caso clínico y la revisión de la literatura.
Manejo de los sistemas de drenaje pleural
Authors: Velásquez Mauricio
Published: April 2023

El objetivo de los sistemas de drenaje pleural es la evacuación del contenido patógeno del espacio pleural. Hasta hace poco, solo se conocían y utilizaban los frascos de vidrio; sin embargo, los sistemas comerciales actuales han ‘inundado’ la práctica quirúrgica por lo que son frecuentes los errores en el manejo de estos sistemas, en su mayoría por desconocimiento no solo de la fisiología del espacio pleural sino también del funcionamiento de dichos sistemas. El objetivo de esta revisión es demostrar de una forma didáctica y práctica el funcionamiento de los sistemas de drenaje pleural y contribuir en mejorar la seguridad de la práctica de la cirugía. Palabras clave: sistemas de drenaje pleural, tubos de tórax.