bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Healthy Lifestyle Factors on Life Expectancy and Lifetime Health Care Expenditure: Nationwide Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lo Wei-Cheng , Hu Tsuey-Hwa , Shih Cheng-Yu , Lin Hsien-Ho , Hwang Jing-Shiang
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The association between lifestyle risk factors and the risk of mortality and chronic diseases has been established, while limited research has explored the impact of healthy lifestyle factors on lifetime health care expenditure using longitudinal individual data.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to determine the individual and combined effects of 5 healthy lifestyle factors on life expectancy and lifetime health care expenditure in Taiwan.

METHODS

Using data from the National Health Interview Survey cohort, 5 healthy lifestyle behaviors were defined and analyzed: nonsmoking, avoiding excessive alcohol consumption, engaging in sufficient physical activity, ensuring sufficient fruit and vegetable intake, and maintaining a normal weight. We used a rolling extrapolation algorithm that incorporated inverse probability of treatment weighting to estimate the life expectancy and lifetime health care expenditure of the study populations with and without healthy lifestyle factors.

RESULTS

A total of 19,893 participants aged ≥30 (mean age 48.8, SD 13.4) years were included, with 3815 deaths recorded during a median follow-up period of 15.6 years. The life expectancy and per capita estimated lifetime health care expenditures for the overall study population were 35.32 years and US $58,560, respectively. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality in participants adhering to all 5 healthy lifestyle factors, compared with those adhering to none, were 0.37 (95% CI 0.27-0.49). We found significant increases in life expectancy for nonsmokers (2.31 years; 95% CI 0.04-5.13; P=.03), those with sufficient physical activity (1.85 years; 95% CI 0.25-4.34; P=.02), and those with adequate fruit and vegetable intake (3.25 years; 95% CI 1.29-6.81; P=.01). In addition, nonsmokers experienced a significant reduction in annual health care expenditure (−9.78%; 95% CI −46.53% to −1.45%; P=.03), as did individuals maintaining optimal body weight (−18.36%; 95% CI −29.66% to −8.57%; P=.01). Overall, participants adhering to all 5 healthy lifestyle behaviors exhibited a life gain of 7.13 years (95% CI 1.33-11.11; P=.02) compared with those adhering to one or none, with a life expectancy of 29.19 years (95% CI 25.45-33.62). Furthermore, individuals adopting all 5 healthy lifestyle factors experienced an average annual health care expenditure reduction of 28.12% (95% CI 4.43%-57.61%; P=.02) compared with those adopting one or none.

CONCLUSIONS

Adopting a healthy lifestyle is associated with a longer life expectancy and a reduction of health care expenditure in Taiwanese adults. This contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of healthy lifestyle factors on the overall health and economic burden.

CLINICALTRIAL
Investigating the Impact of Virtual Education and Small Group Instruction on Dental Student (Preprint)
Authors: Mirzaei Kamran , zolghadr Mina
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The aim of this article is to investigate the impact of two teaching methods, virtual education and small group instruction, on learning outcomes and student satisfaction in the Research Methodology 2 course for dental students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Choosing an appropriate instructional method is fundamental for enhancing meaningful learning, abilities, skills, and competencies.

OBJECTIVE

Determining the effect of training using two methods of virtual training and training in small groups A lesson on research methods
Learning and satisfaction Dental students Shiraz university of medical sciences

METHODS

This study employed an intervention-based and semi-experimental design. Forty percent of the course content was delivered to the 1396 cohort of students using virtual education (online and offline), while the 1397 entry cohort received small group instruction (6 to 8 students) through private tutoring under supervision.

RESULTS

According to the results, the mean pre-intervention awareness scores of students in the virtual education group and small group instruction groups were 3.55± 1.53 and 3.60 ± 1.54, respectively (p = 0.854 ) no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups. After the instructional intervention, the mean awareness scores of students in the virtual education group and small group instruction groups were 16.52 ± 1.28 and 17.20 ± 1.91, respectively (p = 0.040). The level of student satisfaction with the virtual education method was also higher than that of small group instruction.

CONCLUSIONS

Both virtual education and small group instruction interventions can lead to an improvement in students' learning outcomes. Therefore, it is recommended to use diverse instructional methods based on the target group's conditions and student-centered approaches.

CLINICALTRIAL
Design and Evaluation of Electronic Dashboards to Monitor Facility-Level Basic Emergency Obstetric Care Readiness in Amhara, Ethiopia: A User-Centered Design Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Dougherty Kylie , Tesfaye Yihenew , Biza Heran , Belew Mulusew , Benda Natalie , Gebremariam Abebe , Cranmer John , Bakken Suzanne
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Maternal mortality remains a persistent public health concern in Sub-Saharan African countries such as Ethiopia. Previous research has shown that when healthcare facilities do not have the necessary supplies to provide basic emergency obstetric care (BEmOC), women experiencing these emergencies can receive delayed diagnosis/treatment or suboptimal care. Health information technology solutions are a flexible and low-cost method for tracking medical supply availability. Furthermore, these solutions can lead to improved health outcomes, and have displayed proven benefits in low-to-middle income country health systems.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the usability of electronic dashboards to monitor facility-level readiness to manage basic emergency obstetric care (BEmOC) in Amhara, Ethiopia.

METHODS

The study used three methods to iteratively refine the dashboards: (1) user-centered design sessions with individuals who interact with the BEmOC supply chain; (2) review and feedback from domain and information visualization subject matter experts (SMEs) to refine the dashboards; and (3) usability heuristic evaluations from human-computer interaction (HCI) SMEs.

RESULTS

User-centered design sessions resulted in a preliminary version of the dashboards informed by end-user preferences and perceptions. Next, domain and visualization SMEs continued the dashboards’ iterative refinement, by confirming design choices and recommending changes to enhance the dashboards’ navigation. HCI SMEs rated the dashboards as highly usable (0.82 on a scale of 0-4).

CONCLUSIONS

Dashboards are a novel method for promoting and tracking a facility’s capacity to manage BEmOC. By including targeted end-users and experts in the design process the team was able to tailor the dashboards to meet user needs, fit into the existing government health systems, and ensure that the dashboards follow design best practices. Collectively, the novel, customized BEmOC dashboards can be used to track and improve facility readiness in Amhara, Ethiopia, and similar global BEmOC facilities.
Video Abstracts in Research (Preprint)
Authors: Nachman Sophie , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Tucker Joseph D
Published: July 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Video abstracts can be useful in health research. A video abstract provides key messages about a research article and can increase public engagement, spark conversations, and may increase academic attention. A growing number of open source software programs make it easier to develop a video abstract. This viewpoint provides practical tips for creating a video abstract for health research.
Building a Technology Acceptance Model for Public Perceptions of Robotic Surgery: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Assessment (Preprint)
Authors: Shen Sarek , Xie Deborah , Ding Andy , Zhang Lisa , Creighton Francis
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Within the surgical field, there has been an evolution in the application of robotic technology. Semi-autonomous robotic systems and augmented visualization tools are being introduced and may eventually replace existing surgical extenders, such as the da Vinci surgical system. However, little is known about the public perception of these newer technologies within medical care.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to investigate public perceptions toward robotic surgeries with varying levels of autonomy through a technology acceptance model.

METHODS

An online survey was distributed via the Amazon MTurk platform. Survey participants were provided definitions of robotic surgical extenders: technology without independent actions; semi-autonomous robotic surgery: technology that provides guidance to the surgeon and requires surgeon input; and fully autonomous robotic surgery: technology which performs tasks autonomously without direct human interaction. The survey assessed attitudes towards each application of robotic technology in surgery. Structural equation models were built to identify associations between perceived usefulness, social risk, time risk, personal risk, and reliability with overall attitudes towards robotic surgeries.

RESULTS

A total of 1221 survey responses were recorded (age 38±12 years, 52% female). Individuals were more willing to accept robotic surgical extenders and semi-autonomous robotic surgery compared to autonomous robotic surgery. Higher levels of education and better self-reported health were correlated with more positive attitudes towards robotic surgery. Perceptions of these technologies were not associated with age or income. Overall, attitudes towards robotic technologies in surgery were driven by views on their reliability, safety, and efficiency.

CONCLUSIONS

The public is more accepting of semi-autonomous surgery and surgical extenders than fully autonomous surgery. Overall attitudes appear to be driven by perceptions of the reliability, safety, and efficiency of these technologies. Understanding these perspectives can help guide patient education within an advancing surgical field.
A Cross Sectional Study of Atrial Fibrillation Prevalence and Associated Cardiac Arrhythmias in Stroke Patients: Insights from Commercial Data Archives (Preprint)
Authors: Soo Kuan-Meng , Liew Te Sheng , Heath Paul
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The link between atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke has gained attention due to AF's significant impact on stroke risk. Detecting AF, especially paroxysmal AF, presents challenges, highlighting the necessity for continuous Holter monitoring.

OBJECTIVE

In our investigation, we utilized commercial data archives to examine AF prevalence and associated cardiac arrhythmias among stroke patients and controls. We also analyzed various factors, such as age, gender, symptoms, test duration, and duration post-stroke, to identify predictors of arrhythmias and enhance paroxysmal detection rates.

METHODS

We included 98 stroke patients and 98 controls for comparing AF prevalence within 72 hours post-stroke and analyzed 779 stroke patients within 4 days to 10 weeks post-stroke.

RESULTS

Our findings revealed a higher AF detection rate in stroke patients compared to controls, with AF being the most prevalent arrhythmia observed. Older age and symptom presence were associated with significant findings, particularly AF. Temporal analysis showed a negative correlation between AF and complete heart block occurrence over time, while ventricular tachycardia exhibited a positive correlation. Paroxysmal fibrillation detection rates were highest within the initial month, with the optimal duration of Holter monitoring being 10 days, underscoring the importance of extended monitoring for detecting paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

CONCLUSIONS

Detecting paroxysmal atrial fibrillation could influence stroke management. Furthermore, our study suggests the potential utility of commercial data in yielding comparable outcomes to research data.

CLINICALTRIAL
Use large language models (LLMs) tools for supporting qualitative research: A phenomenological study of Chinese clinical researchers’ experiences and perceptions (Preprint)
Authors: Zuo Yan , Jin Yongchao , Hu Xiaolin , Yang Kaixuan , Bai Zhilan , He Jingwen , Zhang Jianjun
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into qualitative research has shown promise in enhancing analytical depth and efficiency. However, there remains a substantial gap in empirical evidence regarding how clinical researchers, particularly in China, utilize these technologies in real-world settings.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the firsthand experiences, perceptions, and challenges of Chinese clinical researchers using LLMs in qualitative research, identify significant ethical dilemmas and practical issues, and inform future research, policy-making, and educational initiatives.

METHODS

We conducted a qualitative phenomenological study using semi-structured interviews with researchers from two major tertiary hospitals in Southwest China. Ten Participants were interviewed to solicit their experiences and perceptions regarding using various LLM tools in qualitative research. Colaizzi’s analytic method was employed for thematic analysis of the interview transcripts.

RESULTS

The study identified three key themes: (1) LLMs were extensively used across different stages of research, particularly in manuscript writing, data analysis, and interpretation of results; 2) Researchers experience an emotional transition from initial excitement to a more critical appreciation of the strengths and limitations of LLMs, leading to a more rational understanding of AI’s role and application in research; 3) Ethical concerns and the need for skill development in effectively using AI tools are prominent, calling for specialized training.

CONCLUSIONS

LLM tools are pivotal assets in supporting qualitative research among Chinese clinical researchers, offering significant advantages in handling complex data and improving research efficiency. However, the integration of these tools into clinical research practices also raises important ethical questions and necessitates a comprehensive approach to training. Guidelines and educational programs are needed to enhance the ethical and effective use of AI in research to ensure these technologies augment rather than compromise the integrity of scientific research.
The Ecofeminism Practice: The Women's Movement in the Documentary Film “Sangihe Melawan”
Authors: Khairiyah Alfiatul , Muryani Tri , Isnania Rahma
Published: July 2024

Ecofeminism is an interrelated and holistic theory and practice. Ecology, in conjunction with discourses on women's freedom and radical democracy, constitutes one of the primary pillars of democratic confederalism, which is the development of the political paradigm in Indonesia. Ecofeminism also manifests in several areas, including the women's resistance movement against gold mining by PT Tambang Mas Sangihe (TMS) in Sangihe. This study aims to describe the representation of the women's movement in the documentary film "Sangihe Melawan," which was uploaded to the YouTube channel of Watchdoc Documentary on July 1, 2022. This research employs semiotics techniques. The data analysis unit in this study includes images or visuals, audio (dialogue and narration), acting, setting, type of shot, and angle, which collectively demonstrate the role of women in the concept of Social Ecofeminism. The results indicate that women are represented as the most disadvantaged parties in the exploitation of natural resources. The women's movement to protect the environment is also depicted as an effortful endeavor. The women's resistance to the expansion of gold mining in Sangihe was manifested in various actions, including awareness-raising activities, a women's rally, legal action against PT TMS through the Manado and Jakarta Administrative Courts, and other legal avenues.
Research on the Influencing Factors of Pulsed Hydraulic Fracturing Effects in Hot Dry Rock Based on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Zou Qinqin , Gong Liliang , Yu Ziwang
Published: July 2024

Geothermal energy, representing one of the five principal non-carbon-based renewable resources, is crucial in the global energy transition and in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Hot Dry Rock (HDR) reservoirs, rich in geothermal resources, predominantly utilize hydraulic fracturing, the most extensively researched and applied technology. However, fracturing these robust HDR formations poses significant challenges compared to traditional hydraulic fracturing in sedimentary rocks in the oil and gas industry. Cyclic pulse fracturing, an innovative mode of fracturing, has received limited academic attention, particularly regarding its permeability enhancement mechanism under varying thermal and pressure conditions, which remains largely unexplored. Building on prior laboratory experiments, this study employs the pore pressure cohesive zone model within ABAQUS software to elucidate the initiation and expansion of hydraulic fractures. Numerical simulations investigated the influence of critical parameters such as pulse pattern, temperature, geostress differential, and confining pressure on fracture propagation. The findings indicate that cyclic pulse hydraulic fracturing can significantly reduce the breakdown pressure in HDR, with reductions up to 37.68% under certain conditions. Notably, at constant amplitude, increased frequency exacerbates damage to hot dry rocks; conversely, at constant frequency, higher amplitudes result in greater damage. Additionally, pulse hydraulic fracturing improves the fracturing process, yielding a more intricate fracture network. In HDR pulse hydraulic fracturing, the temperature disparity between the fracturing fluid and the rock markedly impacts the breakdown pressure. Cold water interacting with a high-temperature geo-thermal reservoir triggers a thermal shock effect, diminishing initiation pressure and expediting fracture development and expansion. The impact of geostress differential and confining pressure on pulse hydraulic fracturing is complex, influencing not only the breakdown pressure but also the direction and extent of fracture expansion.
The Characteristics of Molière’s Comedy Writing —Centred on Harpagon’s Characterisation
Authors: Ruixi Wang
Published: July 2024

The works of the French classical comedian Molière are of exceptional value. In his satirical comedies, Molière often creates sensible, vivid, contemporary, and real characters through descriptions of detailed behavior and the setting of coincident and conflicts. Harpagon, for instance, has become a global synonym for miserliness due to Molière’s extreme focus on this single character trait. Critics of his time labeled Harpagon as a “flat character”, yet it is precisely this “flatness” that makes the character memorable. Molière possessed a serious spirit of realism and a democratic tendency, using comedy as a means to educate the public. Through characters like Harpagon, he exposed the bourgeoisie’s cruelty, hypocrisy, and greedy exploitation of the lower class, delivering sharp and pungent satire. Molière’s ability to craft such characters not only entertained but also conveyed powerful social critiques, solidifying his importance in literary and social history.
Research on Translation Strategies for Games Localization: A Case Study of League of Legends
Authors: Yufang Qin , Hui Xie
Published: July 2024

With the rapid development of the digital technology, more and more e-sports games are accepted and recognized by the public. There are many games imported from abroad in Chinese gaming market. In addition to their super-excellent quality, what is more important is that they have achieved successful game localization after entering China. The most crucial aspect of game localization is translation of game texts, and translators often need to choose different translation strategies for different types of game texts to meet the needs of the target market and audiences. By analyzing the translation texts of the popular game League of Legends, it can be found that comprehensively applying various translation methods to different game texts of the game, its translation quality can be improved, making it much easier for the target audience to accept it.
Conflicto de baja intensidad en México: el papel del lawfare, de la Guardia nacional y el narcotráfico
Authors: Márquez Daniel
Published: July 2024

En el presente ensayo se hace un breve recorrido histórico en torno al tema del bipolarismo, la división ideológica entre izquierda y derecha, y problemas como la guerra fría, la guerra sucia o represión, en contra de los grupos de izquierda; analizamos, en lo que nos interesa, el Joint Low-Intensity Conflict Project Final Report, y mostramos la doctrina de seguridad nacional, sus mecanismos y aplicaciones para reprimir al adversario político; caracterizamos el lawfare o guerra jurídica, y, con diversos ejemplos, destacaremos cómo el actual gobierno del Movimiento de Regeneración Nacional –supuestamente de izquierda– acude también a medidas de la doctrina de seguridad nacional que muestra que se usaron en su contra -guerra sucia- para enfrentar a sus adversarios, así como medidas de lawfare, adicionadas con mecanismos como la Guardia Nacional y el narcotráfico para retener el poder político.
Progression of M30 Strong on Banana Leaf Ash & E-Glass Fibre Infused in Cement
Authors: Sasikala Narla
Published: July 2024

Abstract: In the context of a lack of fabric in concrete production, particularly in India where rapid infrastructure development has led to increased construction activities, the adoption of environmentally friendly practices is essential. India, renowned for its exceptional cement production worldwide, is now grappling with issues posed by the widespread Covid-19 pandemic, which is significantly disrupting the growth of the construction industry. This has led to neighbouring lockdowns and shortages in texture. The massive amounts of banana waste thrown out in India emit toxic quantities of carbon dioxide and methane gas into the atmosphere. Banana leaf ash may be produced after the bananas have been harvested. One possible use for the agriculture waste known as BANANA LEAF ASH (BLA) is to reduce the amount of cement needed to build concrete. E-GF stands for "ELECTRONIC-GLASS FIBER," which might refer to a material made up of many little glass filaments. In addition to increasing the material's flexural, ductile, and affect properties, these strands fulfil a function similar to the strengthening steel present in traditional reinforced concrete. This Paper talks about maintain the variable frequency to makeup BLA with cement 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% & 12.5% & EGF with constant frequency of 3%. Moreover the comparison is held with proxy blends like 0%BLA+0%EGF, 2.5%BLA+3%EGF, 5%BLA+3%EGF, 7.5%BLA+3%EGF, 10%BLA+3%EGF & 12.5%BLA+3%EGF. BANANA LEAF ASH and E-GLASS FIBER together provide a sustainable and strength-enhancing solution for concrete. Seeing how cutting-edge materials may revolutionize building methods is fascinating.
Impact of Wollastonite and Glass Powder as Partial Cement Replacement on the Properties of Concrete
Authors: Sucharitha Pothuru
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Scientists are currently concentrating their efforts on waste products, agricultural waste, and other natural elements in an effort to develop technologies that might be utilized as raw materials for construction. Recycling, on the other hand, stimulates the economy and contributes to the creation of a cleaner, safer environment. To solve this problem, a variety of ingredients are used in place of some cement, such as fly ash, GGBS, silica fume, wollastonite, waste glass powder, etc. You can cut down on pollutants in the environment by replacing part of the cement with wollastonite and glass powder. Since glass does not biodegrade, filling it with shattered glass is an unsustainable and damaging activity for the environment. Silica makes up the majority of glass. Wollastonite is a naturally occurring material that costs less than cement. This study's main goal is to investigate possible impacts and determine how the wollastonite-glass powder (W-GP) combination influences the mechanical properties and longevity of M40-grade concrete. We study the properties of concrete strength after adding wollastonite at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. In order to maintain the optimal percentage of wollastonite replacement, mineral admixtures such as glass powder (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) can be used in place of more cement. Test results show that utilizing cement instead of 15% wollastonite yields superior outcomes to employing the recommended mixture. The mixture that demonstrated the largest strength enhancement was composed of 15% wollastonite and 15% GP.
Sentiment Analysis of Arab Tweets: Unveiling Public Opinion Trends Using Machine Learning
Authors: Mahmoud Elenany Ahmed Abd Elmonem
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The rapid spread of social media platforms, especially Twitter, has provided a rich and valuable source of data for understanding public opinion. This thesis presents a comprehensive study on analyzing the sentiments of Arab tweeters, intending to reveal public opinion trends using advanced machine learning techniques. The study begins by collecting a large data set of tweets in Arabic. Preprocessing steps are carefully implemented to deal with the unique linguistic characteristics of Arabic, including encoding, normalization, and deletion. The BERT system was used for the application and the model was created using AJGT.csv Dataset. The evaluation was performed using different metrics. The test results were as follows: 0.9822 % accuracy, precision 0.9823, recall 0.9822, F1 0.982265 and FPR 0.0177. The findings of this research provide significant insights into the prevailing public opinion trends in the Arab world, revealing the potential of sentiment analysis as a powerful tool for policymakers, businesses, and researchers to gauge public sentiment and make informed decisions. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the study and suggestions for future research directions, emphasizing the need for more sophisticated models and larger datasets to further enhance the accuracy and reliability of sentiment analysis in the Arabic language.
Neuroscientist Spotlight: Dr. Staci Gruber
Authors: Tsiolas Eleni
Published: July 2024

Dr. Staci Gruber is a Professor at Harvard University and Director of two programs at McLean’s Hospital. Her research on cannabis and the developing brain has won her many accolades and recognition in the world of neuroscience. Her work on adolescent brain development was featured on a legal document used in the decision against juvenile execution by the Supreme Court of the United States. She also researched how recreational cannabis use can worsen driving performance and how a derivative of cannabis called cannabidiol can be used as an effective treatment for anxiety. The incredible research Dr. Staci Gruber has produced explains why she is being featured in this spotlight.
PERIPHERAL BLOOD COUNT RECOVERY TIME COURSE DURING INDUCTION TREATMENT FOR ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN CHILDREN
Authors: El-Zine Monya Abdullah Yahya , Hamayun Rahma , Alhadi Abdulrahman M , Ali Maged Ali Amer , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab
Published: July 2024

Background: In recent years, the survival rate of pediatric ALL patients has increased to almost 90%, particularly for individuals with favorable prognoses. This success is mostly attributable to the use of risk-adapted medication, enhanced supportive care, and adjustments to therapy based on each patient's unique pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenomics. This research investigates ALL patients' response to induction chemotherapy, focusing on changes in peripheral blood cell counts and hematological markers, to predict therapeutic outcomes and provide a practical prognostic parameter.
Methods: This study involved 100 under 15-year-old patients with newly diagnosed ALL treated in pediatric leukemia units at Kuwait Hospital, Sana'a. Blood markers were collected and analyzed using Epi Info statistical program version 6. The study followed the French, American, and British classifications of pediatric leukemia. Participants were informed of the study's goals and advantages, and their participation was optional.
Results: The majority of patients were aged 5-9 years, with a mean age of 6.9 years. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after treatment, with the mean level being 8.8 mg/dL before and 10.8 mg/dL after treatment. Severe anemia was reported in 10% of patients before treatment and decreased to 2% after treatment. PCV levels were also measured before and after treatment, with the mean PCV level being below normal in 66% of patients before induction chemotherapy but improving to 20% after treatment. The mean RBC count before treatment was 2.9 cells × 106/μl, but improved to 3.8 cells × 106/μl after induction chemotherapy. The study found that over 50% of patients had iron deficiency anemia before and after induction chemotherapy, with a mean neutrophil percentage of 18.2%, lymphocyte percentage of 73.7%, monocyte percentage of 3.8%, and eosinophil percentage of 0.85%.
Conclusions: The study reveals that blood cell parameters replenish at different rates during induction chemotherapy, resulting in rapid platelet and slow neutrophil recovery. Changes in blood markers during induction may be prognostic.
                   
Peer Review History:
Received 6 April 2024;   Revised 10 May 2024; Accepted 25 June; Available online 15 July 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Pharmacy institute, University of Basrah, Iraq, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, amaka_mgbahurike@yahoo.com
Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com
IN VIVO STUDY EVALUATES EFFECTIVENESS OF ADDING CIPROFLOXACIN TO CALCIUM HYDROXIDE VERSUS SAUSSUREA COSTUS TO CALCIUM HYDROXIDE MEDICATION AGAINST BACTERIAL BIOFILM IN ROOT CANAL TREATMENT
Authors: AL Muhalel Amal Abdu Al Kareem , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab
Published: July 2024

Background and objectives:   Elimination of root canal bacteria is a perquisite for a successful root canal treatment. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of adding ciprofloxacin versus Saussurea costus extract to calcium hydroxide medicament against bacterial biofilm in root canal treatment in vivo study.
Materials and methods: In vivo study on 70 single-rooted human teeth at Sana'a University dental clinics used Saussurea costus extract preparation, including washing, drying, crushing, mixing, centrifugation, drying, and homogenization.The intracanal drug concentration was standardized by mixing 1 g of calcium hydroxide powder with 1 ml of ciprofloxacin or 1 ml of Saussurea costus extract in both groups. Three bacteriological samples were taken before root canal treatment, before Medicaments were placed, and 7 days after, and CFU and bacterial isolation were performed using standard methods.
Results: An intragroup analysis showed that all drug groups had a significant decrease in the number of intracanal bacterial cells from S1 to S2 and from S2 to S3 (p<0.0001). When comparing quantitative S1 or S2 data, there was no significant difference between the groups; however, at Sample 3, the Saussurea costus extract calcium hydroxide (34.05±21.8) had considerably higher bacterial counts than the calcium hydroxide + Ciprofloxacin group (11.9±29 CFU). The most isolated bacteria in S1 and S2 were Staphylococcus aureus (58.6%, 51.4%), followed by Klebsiella species (27.1%, 18.6%), Escherichia coli (25.7%, 17.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (22.9%, 15.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.4%, 12.9%).
Conclusions: The addition of Ciprofloxacin to calcium hydroxide and Saussurea costus- calcium hydroxide provided further antibacterial effectiveness when used as an intracanal medicament in vivo during root canal treatment.
                 
Peer Review History:
Received 27 March 2024;   Revised 5 May 2024; Accepted 28 June; Available online 15 July 2024
Academic Editor: Essam Mohamed Eissa, Beni-Suef University, Egypt, dressamceutics@yahoo.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Kingsley C Anukam, University of Benin, Nigeria, kanukam@gmail.com
Dr. Liliya Logoyda, Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, Ukraine, logojda@tdmu.edu.ua
EVALUATION OF THE RELATIVE POSITION OF THE MANDIBULAR FORAMEN IN YEMENI CHILDREN AS A REFERENCE FOR INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE BLOCK USING AN ORTHOPANTAMOGRAPH
Authors: Al-Nomair Jamal Hezam , Al-Homaidi Eman Abdullah , Zabara Abdul Qader Mohammed Qasem , AL-Haddad Khaled A , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-Deen Hussein Shoga
Published: July 2024

Aim and objectives:  A crucial component of managing a kid dentistry patient's behavior is pain control. For mandibular teeth, the most used local anesthetic method is inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). So, an effective IANB anesthetic requires knowledge of the mandibular foramen's location. Using digital panoramic radiography pictures, the mandibular foramen's position in relation to the occlusal plane and the deepest point of the anterior border of the ramus was assessed in a sample of Yemeni children aged 4 to 12.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 501 orthodontic charts that were analyzed and divided into three groups: Group 1: 4-6 years, Group 2: 7-9 years and Group 3: 10-12 years. The OPGS were traced directly on radiographic films and measurements were taken from the mandibular foramen to the occlusal level and to the deepest point of the anterior border of the ramus, respectively, on the right and left sides of the mandible. Data were analyzed and the mean and SD were determined and compared for different gender, age groups and side (right/left).
 Results: Male participants showed slightly higher mean distance values for MF-AB-Right compared to females (16.276±2.03 mm VS 15.952±1.82), but the contrast was not statistically significant. The study found significant differences in the mean MF distances of ABR between the 10-12 year age group and the 4-6 year age group (16.518±1.86 mm VS 15.487±1.95 mm), (p=0.0001). The mean OP-MF distances for the 10-12 year age group were also significant, with significant differences observed in the right side and left side.
Conclusion: The results were similar for the total children, regardless of gender. The study suggests that the mandibular foramina position may vary among different age groups.  For inferior alveolar nerve block, the needle should be inserted slightly below the OP in 4-6 years old girls and at the same level of OP in 7-9 years old girls, and 4-6 years old boys.
                  
Peer Review History:
Received 23 March 2024;   Revised 6 May 2024; Accepted 29 June; Available online 15 July 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Pharmacy institute, University of Basrah, Iraq, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, amaka_mgbahurike@yahoo.com
Dr. Masoumeh Divar, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, zhaledivar@gmail.com
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA TERAPIA COGNITIVO-COMPORTAMENTAL NA ANSIEDADE DE DESEMPENHO PROFISSIONAL: Uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Marin Maísa Gelain , Ramos Andrey Raduszewski , Giehl Pedro Roque , Louzardo Deise dos Santos , Weber Emilio Felipe
Published: July 2024

Anxiety disorders have been widely discussed in the field of psychology and psychiatry. When anxiety is maladaptive, the damage is significant in the personal and professional spheres of the subjects' lives. In the professional sphere, it is understood that several phenomena become risk factors for the development or maintenance of anxiety disorders, also known as professional performance anxiety or performance anxiety. Feelings associated with uncertainty and fear are common, since there is great difficulty in entering, remaining, and returning to the job market, in addition, epidemiological crises, the type of work, perceptions associated with low autonomy, the Inauthentic leadership and the lack of strategic programs aimed at mental health contribute to worsening symptoms. With the aim of mapping the relationship between professional performance anxiety and treatment strategies, a literature review was carried out using databases Scielo, PubMed, CAPES journals, PEPSIC and PsycNet. Cognitive-Behavioral therapy has been shown to be efficient and effective in treating anxiety disorders and can help reduce performance anxiety. Various techniques can be used, which include recording thoughts, psychoeducation, mindfulness and even exposure via virtual reality.
Educational Innovation at Assuniyyah Al Jauhari Kencong Jember Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Ula Muhammad Bahrul , Nurhidayati Titin
Published: July 2024

The main aim of this research is to highlight two things related to educational innovation at the Assunniyyah Aljauhari Kencong Islamic Boarding School. The type of research is qualitative phenomenological using a phenomenological approach. Interview techniques with key informants were used as a data collection procedure. The findings of this research show that the innovations carried out at the Islamic boarding school include establishing a formal school, forming a special dormitory for tahfidzul Qur'an, and creating a special yellow book education. Supporting and inhibiting factors were found in the innovation process carried out. It was concluded that this was the basis for implementing educational innovation in the Islamic boarding school.
A Driving Force: Relational Bodies in the Ethnographic Periphery
Authors: Conte Justine
Published: July 2024

This paper examines how the act of driving a car shapes identity through relational moments of contact. So often in our social interactions individuals are recognized through the roles they inhabit or actions they repeatedly undertake, whether that be teacher, father, gardener, etc. These roles are not solidified identities, but are rather momentary performances that an individual must temporarily embody in accordance with the circumstances they find themselves in. For many people, driving is a mundane practice that enables ‘more important’ activities in their daily lives, and yet for the time that a person operates a motor vehicle they must make their embodiment of that role a top priority. Using auto-ethnography, I will be looking at how a person ‘becomes’ a driver when they are driving by locating themselves in relation with their surroundings and how those interactions may shape identity for the duration of time that a person is driving. I will be considering how the individual is an intermediary point of contact in a web of relations and how responses to those interactions can shape how that person shows up in the world by considering how a person recognizes and accommodates for their relations with the objects, environments, and people they come into contact with while operating a motor vehicle.
EXPLORANDO A CRIATIVIDADE A PARTIR DE DESENHOS E FALAS DE CRIANÇAS SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Albuquerque Márcia Cristina Palheta , Freitas Renan Ferreira de , Malheiro João Manoel da Silva , Rocha Carlos José Trindade de
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as representações gráficas a partir dos desenhos produzidos e narrados por alunos do 5º ao 6º ano do ensino fundamental, participantes de um Clube de Ciências no norte do Brasil, utilizando uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativo. Tal sequência foi problematizada por meio de um filme que contextualiza aspectos ambientais, tendo como pano de fundo a Educação Ambiental. A pesquisa foi realizada em consonância com princípios da abordagem qualitativa e, como estratégia metodológica, a observação participante. Nos resultados gerados, percebemos que os alunos conseguiram expor as suas concepções acerca de questões ambientais emergentes (queimadas de floresta, emissão de gases poluentes, etc.), que são relevantes para a formação de um sujeito crítico e reflexivo. Destacamos ainda que as atividades investigativas desenvolvidas no Clube contribuem para um ensino de Ciências criativo, atual e contextualizado. Este estudo pode promover a conscientização dos alunos acerca de seu papel social na sociedade diante dos desafios impostos pelas mudanças ambientais sentidas no planeta. Assim como, pode auxiliar outras pesquisas que tenham como foco práticas investigativas em Ciências que convergem nas discussões em problemáticas que envolvem a Educação Ambiental.
Percepções e sentimentos de mulheres surdas sobre o atendimento dos serviços de saúde na gestação, parto e puerpério
Authors: Pereira Gomes Maria Fernanda , Godoy de Oliveira Dayana Letícia , De Oliveira Reticena Kesley , Fracolli Lislaine Aparecida
Published: July 2024

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi compreender as percepções e sentimentos vivenciados por mulheres surdas no período da gestação, parto e puerpério no que tange o atendimento dos serviços de saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa realizada em março de 2020 com duas mulheres surdas no período do puerpério remoto com a ajuda voluntária de intérprete de libras, roteiro semiestruturado e o uso da língua de libras. Ficou evidente as dificuldades vivenciadas pelas mulheres surdas no atendimento à saúde no ciclo gravídico-puerperal, e que é necessário incorporar nos atendimentos um intérprete de libras ou possuir profissional habilitado em libras nas instituições de saúde. A comunicação é um dos mais importantes instrumentos na assistência à mulher surda durante a gestação, parto e puerpério, bem como, uma das maiores dificuldades enfrentadas pelos profissionais da saúde quanto pelas mulheres surdas, tornando-se um grande obstáculo na realização de uma assistência integral e de qualidade.
Contribuições do 225AC-PSMA no manejo clínico de pacientes com CPMRC
Authors: Cagol Camozzato Tatiane Sabriela , Ejidike Adaobi , Ribeiro Gerusa , Bolzan Vagner
Published: July 2024

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com o objetivo de sistematizar publicações nacionais e internacionais referente às principais contribuições da Medicina Nuclear no manejo clínico dos tumores de próstata metastático resistente à castração, no uso da terapia com Ac 225-PSMA. Foram investigadas publicações científicas indexadas nas bases de dados Pubmed, Cinahl, Scielo, entre 2016 até maio de 2021, com os seguintes descritores, nuclear medicine, prostate câncer, radionuclide therapy, 177LU-PSMA e theranostics, actinium. Incluiram-se no estudo, artigos originais e ensaios teóricos nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português. Excluiram-se editoriais, artigos de opinião, resumos de anais, publicações duplicadas, TCC, livros e idiomas que não foram os determinados. A organização e análise dos artigos foi com o auxílio do software Atlas.ti versão 9.1. Os achados totalizaram 153 artigos, após aplicar os critérios de inclusão e exclusão totalizaram 9 artigos para análise. Dos resultados estes foram distribuídos em categorias sendo, ação terapêutica do 225Ac-PSMA; resultados dos estudos clínicos; imagem; e toxicidade e segurança. Avanços na abordagem do câncer de próstata metastático resistente à castração com Actíneo-225 (225Ac-PSMA) pode garantir melhor qualidade de vida aos doentes, e maior tempo de resposta livre de progressão mesmo em pacientes rigorosamente pré tratados com medicamentos autorizados, ou em fase de aprovação com o 177Lu, já em uso no país. A entrega de energia pela emissão alfa do Actíneo-225(225Ac) parece sobrepor a resistência criada pelo 177Lu. Conclui-se manejo seguro, alta toxicidade, resposta e contribuições na sobrevida global e livre de progressão dos pacientes submetidos a terapia com Actíneo-225.
Práticas e questões em psico-oncologia: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Paixão Herika Morais , Sousa Felício Luana Lua
Published: July 2024

As neoplasias são diagnósticos de grande impacto que afetam os sujeitos em todas as esferas da vida, desde o âmbito econômico até o cognitivo. Frente ao seu impacto total na existência humana, faz-se necessária práticas que abarquem não apenas o aspecto biológico. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo averiguar quais as práticas e questões atuais em psico-oncologia. Para alcançar este objetivo, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura dos trabalhos publicados de 2019 à 2023, tendo como base as plataformas SciELO e Pepsic. A análise dos artigos selecionados para essa pesquisa aponta para uma convergência de temas e questões importantes a serem estudadas pelo profissional de psicologia que aspira atuar em contexto oncológico, além das repercussões positivas na vida das famílias e pacientes que contam com apoio psicológico durante o tratamento.
Análise das ações do Programa Saúde na Escola durante a pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Idelfonso Lopes Carla Beatriz , Rodrigues Tamboril Bruna Caroline , Gomes Araújo Júnior David , Dantas Lopes Lívia , Machado de Oliveira Keuliane
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo objetiva analisar as ações realizadas pelo Programa Saúde na Escola no Ceará no período de 2019 a 2022. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de análise quantitativa,  através de base de dados secundária de acesso público, denominado como Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica (SISAB), na aba Saúde/Atividade Coletiva. Com isso, foram analisadas as atividades realizadas pelo PSE na saúde e na educação, os tipos de atividades desenvolvidas, os temas para saúde que foram trabalhados pelo programa e as ações de prevenção à Covid-19 realizadas nas escolas. Os principais resultados que emergiram foram à baixa evidencia cientifica sobre o PSE tendo em vista o impacto que a educação em saúde tem para a promoção a saúde. Percebeu-se que durante o período da pandemia de covid-19 houve uma baixa nas ações e com o advento das vacinas, as intervenções retornaram com a utilização de estratégias como: reuniões online, criação de material lúdico, fortalecimento das redes sociais e engajamento de pais e outros familiares que por estarem em casa acabavam se envolvendo nas ações. Diante disso, apesar das barreiras impostas pelo Covid-19, o PSE articulou novas maneiras de trabalhar suas ações, evidenciando que as tecnologias digitais podem e devem ser usadas como meio para educação em saúde.
The Stochastic GM+E closure: A framework for coupling stochastic backscatter with the Gent and McWilliams parameterization
Authors: Grooms Ian , Agarwal Niraj , Marques Gustavo M , Pegion Philip , Yassin Houssam
Published: July 2024

Ocean general circulation models (OGCMs) are often used at horizontal
resolutions that preclude the appearance of mesoscale eddies. The ocean
mesoscale constitutes a significant component of ocean variability, and
OGCMs whose resolutions are too coarse to represent the mesoscale are
necessarily lacking this variability. In addition to being variable, the
ocean mesoscale also induces variability on larger scales that could be
resolved on a coarse grid, but coarse OGCMs often lack this variability
too. This paper develops a stochastic parameterization that adds small
increments to an OGCM’s lateral velocity field, which excites natural
modes of variability in the model. The rate at which these velocity
increments add energy to the flow is tied to the rate at which the
Gent-McWilliams parameterization – a popular parameterization of the
effect of mesoscale eddies on tracer transport – removes potential
energy from the resolved scales. The stochastic parameterization is
implemented in a non-eddying OGCM, where it is shown to increase the
variability significantly.