bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turkinos beyond the Empire: Ottoman Jews in America, 1893 to 1924
Authors: Naar Devin E.
Published: May 2015

During the early twentieth century, as many as sixty thousand Jews from the Ottoman Empire and its successor states migrated to the United States, mostly settling in New York. While they outnumbered the twenty-five thousand Ottoman Muslims who arrived during the same period, they constituted a small minority compared to the more than two million primarily Yiddish-speaking Jews who came to America. While frequently marginalized within Jewish historiography, Judeo-Spanish (Ladino)-speaking Sephardic Jews from the Eastern Mediterranean have received some scholarly attention in recent years. Building on this scholarship, and by reference to sources from both sides of the Atlantic, including archives and newspapers from New York, Salonica and Istanbul written in Judeo-Spanish, French, Turkish and English, this article provides the first exploration of the ‘‘Ottoman’’ component of Jewish migration from the Eastern Mediterranean. Set within a transnational framework, this articles focuses on linkages created and retained by Ottoman-born Jews in the ‘‘old wold’’ and in diasporic offshoots in the ‘‘new.’’ How did Jews from the Ottoman Empire, who referred to themselves as Turkinos, conceptualize their relationship with their empire of origin? How did their experiences with other Jews in America or with other migrants from the Ottoman Empire, such as Muslims, Greek Orthodox Christians, or Armenians, shape their understandings of being Ottoman? How did the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire impact the ways in which Ottoman-born Jews in America understood their sense of community and their connections to their land of birth?
Cultural Re(production) in Maruxa Vilalta’s Pequeña historia de horror (y de amor desenfrenado)
Authors: Pérez-Linggi Sandra M.
Published: May 2015

Through the lens of Gérard Genette’s idea of transtextuality, this study looks at Maruxa Vilalta’s representation of cultural manifestations in order to question how they affect social relations. Pequeña historia de horror (y de amor desenfrenado) is analyzed as a theatrical version of “Susanna and the Elders” precisely to show Vilalta’s broader concern with cultural reproduction. This study brings to light the interconnectedness between this play and other cultural texts ranging from Chopin’s “Polonaise Heroic” to Mexican pop culture figure El Monje Loco. I thus show Vilalta’s innovative questioning of artistic value and, more importantly, its social implications through the “distorted mirror” she creates in this particular play.
Teatro como “acontecimiento” en la América Latina de los años 50 y 60
Authors: Muguercia Magaly
Published: May 2015

On the threshold of the “revolutionary years,” Latin American artists began to think of theatricality in terms of an “event,” as the emergence of the new on a physical level, beyond ideology and questions of representation. This article presents examples of this trend in anthropologically-inspired works performed during the 1950s, outside conventional theatre spaces. Experiments with theatre-in-the round produce effects on the audience that correspond neither to identification nor to “alienation.” Latin American “happenings” and the practices of groups such as Arena and Opinião in Brazil raise questions regarding the relationship between theatre and politics, as groups move away from principles of representation in order to focus on theatre as a radical “event” based on extreme corporality.
Orientation textuelle et écriture du je dans L’Enfant ébloui de Rachid O.
Authors: Le Blond Olivier
Published: May 2015

Cet article se propose de remettre en question la catégorisation de L’Enfant ébloui de Rachid O. par son éditeur, qui le présente sous forme de “récits.” Pour ce faire, une nouvelle catégorisation de l’œuvre semble nécessaire, compte tenu des éléments autobiographiques distillés dans l’œuvre ainsi que de l’orientation sexuelle de l’auteur. S’agit-il d’une autobiographie au sens propre du terme, avec laquelle le lecteur peut s’identifier à travers le pacte autobiographique dégagé par Philippe Lejeune? S’agit-il plutôt d’une autofiction, dont le premier exemple est Fils de Serge Doubrovsky? Ou s’agit-il d’un autre type d’écriture incorporant des éléments autobiographiques? Afin d’appuyer cette catégorisation, une analyse détaillée du préambule de l’œuvre est proposée.
Espace et personnages chez Baudelaire
Authors: Gălățanu Daniel
Published: May 2015

Cette étude se propose d’étudier l’œuvre poétique baudelairienne par le prisme de l’analyse sémiotique de l’espace et de la relevance des “personnages” peuplant cet espace. Nous observons que l’espace baudelairien a comme caractéristique dominante le refus de la nature, mais que par la voie des perceptions, le poète arrive à l’intérioriser en l’humanisant et, cependant, en l’artificialisant dans le processus de transfiguration poétique. L’espace baudelairien, exclusivement urbain, suit le regard en ligne droite du poète claustré, qui refuse de sortir en plein air et se contente de le contempler de loin. En consensus, avant la lettre, avec les idées westphaliennes qui ne conçoivent la spatialité que réduite à sa fonction de “contenant,” Baudelaire réduit au minimum et schématise son espace à travers ses divers degrés d’ouverture. Cet espace manquant de réalité et de vraisemblance n’est plutôt qu’un décor de spectacle. Et c’est justement ce décor artificialisé, le milieu naturel où évoluent les personnages baudelairiens, dont les plus importants seraient l’amant et le mort, car ils incarnent les deux pulsions fondamentales de l’être humain, la pulsion vers la sexualité et vers la mort. Ces personnages présentent eux aussi les caractéristiques de l’espace qu’ils peuplent. Ils sont donc, à leur tour, linéaires et schématisés, manquant de chair et de matérialité, car ils sont moins de vrais personnages que de véritables archétypes poétiques et mythologiques.
An Insatiable Market for Minor Characters: Genre in the Contemporary Literary Marketplace
Authors: Rosen Jeremy
Published: May 2015

Much of the recent revitalization of the field of genre theory takes as axiomatic the premise that scholars can extrapolate, from a genre’s conventional form, its underlying social logic. But how does literary form come to index or encode the social? This essay argues that we can produce a fuller account of how and why genres emerge and flourish, and of their reciprocally determining relation with their sociohistorical moments, by analyzing how the social logic of literary forms gets deployed in their more immediate contexts: the institutional locations, channels of production and reception, and the commercial and symbolic economies through which such forms circulate. The flourishing contemporary genre “minor-character elaboration” makes for a particularly revealing case of an emergent literary form that gets taken up and spurred by producers for its ability to fulfill social needs that are promulgated, if not manufactured, by the publishing industry, because it is a popular form that trades on the prestige of the traditional literary canon while accommodating voices from the margins. The essay demonstrates how the market logic of the book industry and the symbolic economy of the literary field shape the conventional forms that come to dominate that field. Today’s risk-averse publishers have embraced and actively promoted minor-character elaboration because its formal logic—explicit intertextual dialogue tethered to the adoption of diverse points of view—helps them identify and appeal to niche markets: an educated and wellcapitalized “bibliophile” niche of readers who recognize the prestige of the great books even if they haven’t read them, and identity groups that are reconceived as target publics. The genre proliferates, that is, because of the particular ways it is instrumental in helping producers accrue economic and symbolic capital.
No Place Like Home; or, Dwelling in Narrative
Authors: Bieger Laura
Published: May 2015

This essay explores the intimate and immensely productive relation of belonging and narrative. It is concerned with belonging as an existential condition of human being, and with narrative as the quintessential mediator and enabler of that condition. As fundamental constituent of human being, so its main claim, narrative serves as a cultural resource of orientation and emplacement that sustains our being by giving voice and form. Thus understood, narrative becomes an indispensable and proactive component of dwelling in the world—a proposition that seeks to broaden interrogations of narrative “use” beyond matters of human temporality to include the intricate ways in which this human activity is distinctly invested in matters of space. In fact, if current work on space departs from the assumption that it has been released from its role as a stable backdrop for the dynamic operations of time, that it has itself become productive in the wake of the “spatial turn,” how does this new productivity of space intersect with that of narrative—especially when understood not primarily as the impersonal work of reality-forming structures, but as conflicted form of human agency mobilized through an existential uncertainty? Drawing from Heidegger’s concept of dwelling as a hermeneutical practice and from the notion of ontological narrativity recently posited in the social sciences, what can we say about narrative’s place making and building capacities? And what is the role that narrative art plays in this?
Charles Péguy: Time, Space, and le Monde Moderne
Authors: Latour Bruno
Published: May 2015

Although rarely appreciated, the literary and philosophical influence of the poet, essayist. and editor Charles Péguy (1873-1914) on the work of Bruno Latour has been considerable. In this essay, originally published in French in 2014 on the occasion of the centenary of Péguy’s death in the initial phases of the First World War, and translated for the first time here, Latour offers a reevaluation of his significance. Having analyzed Péguy as a reader of his own historical situation, Latour challenges the contemporary reader to Péguyist forms of textual engagement in the face of the spatio-temporal deflations of le monde moderne . The essay includes a Forward drawing out some of the implications of Péguy’s thought for Latour’s own intellectual project.
Introduction: Global Perspectives on Road Safety History
Authors: Esbester Mike , Wetmore Jameson M.
Published: May 2015

This special issue of Technology and Culture explores the ways in which road use and road safety have changed since the 1880s, including how different road users interacted with each other, technology, regulation, engineering, design, and the built environment. Together the articles provide a look at a variety of approaches across North America, Europe, and Africa and at different road users such as pedestrians, cyclists, and drivers. While most of the papers individually consider a single national example, the picture that is built up across the issue allows comparisons between countries to demonstrate how road safety and automobility technologies are historically and culturally contingent. The issue concludes with a commentary from a prominent policymaker in the hope that better understanding of how accidents, safety, and risks are co-constructed and co-produced can offer insights into how we might reduce deaths and injuries in the future.
Four Paradigms: Traffic Safety in the Twentieth-Century United States
Authors: Norton Peter
Published: May 2015

Traffic safety, once neglected within the larger history of the automobile in the United States, has finally been getting the attention it always deserved. Nevertheless, historians still sometimes misappraise traffic safety in one era by the standards of another. Ahistorical assumptions have contributed to misinterpretations—for example, that Americans of the 1920s were extraordinarily tolerant of traffic casualties because they did not respond to them as more recent traffic-safety paradigms would prescribe. As a corrective, four paradigms, approximately sequential, are proposed: Safety First, Control, Crashworthiness, and Responsibility. Historians are invited to borrow, modify, or replace them, and to consider their applicability to other countries. Whether these particular paradigms survive review or not, historians who are alert to safety paradigms will produce more reliable scholarship on the history of traffic safety.
A multiagent system to assist elder people by TV communication
Authors: Parra Víctor , López Vivian , Mohamad Mohd Saberi
Published: May 2015

This paper presents a model that assist seniors requiring care. This system is based on a multiagent platform in order to facilitate the communication of the modules composing the model. The application allows independence for the elderly, as he is moving in a secure environment. Besides, it provides different facilities through a platform accessible to everyone, by using the TV.
Using multi-objective optimization to design parameters in electro-discharge machining by wire
Authors: Ochoa Carlos Alberto , Margain Lourdes Yolanda , Ornelas Francisco Javier , Jiménez Sandra Guadalupe , Padilla Teresa Guadalupe
Published: May 2015

The following paper describes the main objective to follow the methodology used and proposed to obtain the optimal values of WEDM process operation on the machine Robofil 310 by robust parameter design (RPD) of Dr. G. Taguichi [TAGUCHI, G. 1993], through controllable factors which result in more inferences regarding the problem to noise signal (S / N), which for this study is the variability of the hardness of samples from 6061, also studied the behaviour of the output parameters as the material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra), subsequently took the RPD orthogonal array and characterized the individuals in the population, each optimal value is a gene and each possible solution is a chromosome, used multi-objective optimization using Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm to cross and mutate this population to generate better results MRR and Ra.
Picture models for 2-scene comics creating system
Authors: Ueno Miki , Mori Naoki , Matsumoto Keinosuke
Published: May 2015

Recently, computer understanding pictures and stories becomes one of the most important research topics in computer science. However, there are few researches about human like understanding by computers because pictures have not certain format and contain more lyric aspect than that of natural laguage. For picture understanding, a comic is the suitable target because it is consisted by clear and simple plot of stories and separated scenes.In this paper, we propose 2 different types of picture models for 2-scene comics creating system. We also show the method of the application of 2-scene comics creating system by means of proposed picture model.
INITIAL FOLLOW-UP OF OPTICAL TRANSIENTS WITH COLORES USING THE BOOTES NETWORK
Authors: Caballero-Garcia Maria D. , Jelinek M. , Castro-Tirado A. , Hudec R. , Cunniffe R. , Rabaza O. , Sabau-Graziati L.
Published: May 2015

The Burst Observer and Optical Transient Exploring System (BOOTES) is a network of telescopes that allows the continuous monitoring of transient astrophysical sources. It was originally devoted to the study of the optical emissions from gamma-raybursts (GRBs) that occur in the Universe. In this paper we show the initial results obtained using the spectrograph COLORES (mounted on BOOTES-2), when observing optical transients (OTs) of a diverse nature.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF PLANAR DISCHARGE FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Kelar Jakub , Čech Jan , Slavíček Pavel
Published: May 2015

Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge has proven its capabilities as an industry-ready plasma source for fast, in-line and efficient plasma treatment at atmospheric pressure. One parameter required by industry is energy efficiency of the device. In this paper, we present the energy efficiency of the whole plasma system, and we investigate possible sources of errors.
Condition—Suspension
Authors: Choy Timothy , Zee Jerry
Published: May 2015

Atmospheric scenes compel anthropology into a dilution: a shift in concentration. Working through suspension as a condition through which to ask into life in the air, this Opening pauses with moments of arrest, distribution, and deposit by various airs. Such moments compel a reorientation of attention toward airy things even as they model a recomposition of anthropological inquiry by atmosphere. Exploring how sands shift and settle in a Chinese wind tunnel and how matsutake mushroom solids become aromatic vapors in Seoul, we move from considering materials in airborne states to a condition of suspension in atmosphere to which particulates and people alike are held. What could an anthropology in suspension become when its anthropos is subject to vaporization into a thing among others in the atmosphere’s composition?
Better Weather?: The Cultivation of the Sky
Authors: Hulme Mike
Published: May 2015

In this essay I use the metaphor of cultivation to reflect on the developing human relationship with the atmosphere and its weather. I suggest that the putative geoengineering projects of atmospheric purification and atmospheric enhancement constitute forms of cultivation. They resemble agricultural practices: progressive projects of development and supposed improvement through which new forms of weather will be produced.
Relational Space: An Earthly Installation
Authors: Battaglia Debbora , Valentine David , Olson Valerie
Published: May 2015

Anthropology off the Earth opens to new questions and futures for our disciplinary project and reach, while at the same time compelling revisits to classic sites of anthropological inquiry and critique. Taking as a given that human labor and imagination are neither limitable to, nor severable from, terrestrial-scapes of knowledge and practice, we argue that conceptually and materially working with outer space offers a unique opportunity to engage inter/disciplinary questions across many scales: with technologies of inter-being connections and disconnections, with approaches to what counts as nature and culture, and with questions concerning the often-invisible force fields of agency and structures of power.
Re-workings and Chronological Dynamics in a Thirteenth-Century Latin Motet Family
Authors: Bradley Catherine A.
Published: May 2015

This article examines a family of thirteenth-century discant and motets on the tenor LATUS, tracing complex relationships between the various incarnations of its shared musical material: passages of melismatic discant in two- and three-voices, a three-voice Latin conductus motet, a two-voice Latin and French motet, and a three-voice Latin double motet. I query conventional fundamentally linear models of discant-motet interaction, emphasizing the possibility of simultaneously filial and collateral interrelationships between versions: different motet texts can influence each other, while retaining independent connections with an earlier melismatic discant model. This leads to a reevaluation of traditional evolutionary and stylistic perceptions of sub-genres defined within the category of motet. The article addresses questions of compositional process, reflecting on the types of creative and scribal activities involved in the formulation of motets.
Should the Psychological Regimens Be Introduced into Clinical Pain Control in the Context of Postoperation?
Authors: Shen Xiaofeng
Published: May 2015

Patients haunted by pain, acute or chronic, always bear tremendous pressure from spiritual and psychological respects. While the analgesic techniques available currently to certain extent are effective in alleviating pain, which is mainly to acute pathologic condition, it is challenged for its role in many sensitive patients with relatively lower threshold of pain manifesting limited effects treated with analgesic drugs espe-cially when the pain develop into chronicity. Psychological ma-neuver designed with strategic procedures displayed interest-ing effect in managing pain. Although different types of psycho-logical interventions have been found producing distinct results in pain relief under various clinical environments, the clinical value of psychological interventions in the postoperative condition is still not clear. Some suggestion and recommenda-tion have been presented by researchers on this topic, but how to optimize these means through balancing the pros and cons of these methods needs to be weighed carefully upon clinical situations. In this review, we discussed the development of psychological pain therapy and raised our concerns about its administration in the clinical environments on the bases of the currently psychological models.
A sarcoma synoviale kezelési lehetőségei
Authors: Deme Dániel , Telekes András
Published: May 2015

Synovial sarcomas account for approximately 5 to 10% of soft tissue sarcomas and 0.05 to 0.1% of all malignant neoplasms. They predominantly affect the extremities but can occur in any part of the body. More than 50% of the patients are expected to develop metastatic disease within 3–5 years. In some patients disease recurrence may develop after 20 years. The 5-year overall survival rate is 10% for patients with metastatic disease and 76% for patients with localized one. Age, tumour size, histological subtype, and adjuvant radiotherapy influence prognosis. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy has not been proven yet. There are several ongoing clinical trials to determine the efficacy of active agents used for therapy of locally advanced, relapsed/refractory or metastatic disease. Better understanding of the biological behaviour of synovial sarcomas would provide the future way for the targeted therapy in combination with conventional treatments. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(22), 875–880.
Dynamic of professionally important qualities’ changes in cadets of higher flight establishments
Authors: Kyrpenko V.N.
Published: May 2015

Purpose: determination of dynamic of professionally important qualities changes in cadets- flighters in the course of study. Material: The research convered 223 cadets during 4 years’ study with the help of complex of prognosis-informational psychological methods. Testing was fulfilled at devices RKN and PPV-2. Results: it was found that at the end of studying temp of development of such qualities as quickness of psycho-motor skills’ mastering, ability to operate space images, distribution and re-switching of attention increase noticeably. Indicators of emotional stability, re-construction of psycho-motor skills, resistance to obstacles substantially reduce. Scope of attention, reproductive thinking, operative memory, coordination of movements, ability to work in forced temp change in negligible limits. As per prognosis stabilizing of most of professionally important qualities that is connected with over-tension of organism’s physiological reserves is envisaged. Conclusions: We have found steady positive dynamic of cognitive psychic processes’ development, reduction of some psycho-physiological and psycho-motor qualities’ development in last period of studying.
Experimental substantiation of methodic of 11-13 years old boxers’ coordination development
Authors: Liu Yong Qiang
Published: May 2015

Purpose: experimental substantiation of methodic of junior boxers’ coordination training. Material: in the research 18 boxers of 11-13 year old age participated. In total, during 4 months 42 trainings were conducted. Total time of coordination load’s fulfillment at each training was 15-45 minutes. Results: dynamic of results in control tests was statistically confident in the tested parameters of movements. It proves effectiveness of usage the tasks with complex-coordination orientation, accented on impact on sensor-informational and motor systems of movements in junior boxers’ trainings. Conclusions: coordination training in boxing at initial stage shall include specialized varied means and methods, which would facilitate formation of motor condition and skills’ basis. Motor condition and skills are a reserve for further rising of coordination abilities’ level of junior sportsmen.
Daily dynamic of indicators of girl-students’ blood micro-circulation
Authors: Stanishevska T.I. , Gorna O.I. , Berezhniak A.S. , Horban D.D.
Published: May 2015

Purpose: study daily dynamic of indicators of girl-students’ blood micro-circulation. Material: 340 girls of 17-19 years old age were examined. The method of laser Doppler’s flow metering was used. Results: The state of tissue blood circulation was determined. Character of micro-circulation’s changes under influence of daily bio-rhythms was detected. In first half of day tension of mechanisms of micro-circulation’s regulation takes place. Partially it reduces by 4 p.m. at the account of strengthening of metabolic components of vasomotor rhythm. In evening period there is observed compensatory increasing of breathing and pulse modulations. It is connected with weakening of sympathetic and strengthening of parasympathetic impacts on tissue blood circulation. Also we registered changes in correlation of rhythmic components of tissue blood circulation’s oscillations at the accounts of weakening of vasomotor rhythm. It witnesses about tension of regulatory mechanisms. Conclusions: it is recommended to use the received data as normative indicators of laser Doppler’s flow metering when studying pathological processes.
Control over training process as the basis of successful realization of elite handball teams’ training
Authors: Tyshchenko V.O.
Published: May 2015

Purpose: substantiation of control over elite handball players’ training functioning with the help of special tests. Material: experiment covered 85 elite handball players of 18-32 yrs. old age (teams of Supreme League of Ukrainian championship). Results: effectiveness of different means and methods of control over sportsmen’s fitness have been studied. The following tests have been offered: vertical jump, test-balance, shuttle run, test for accuracy of throws, «T-test», «Bеер-тест». Model characteristics of indicators of qualified sportsmen’s fitness have been determined. A list of test exercises, which are rather effective for control over handball training, has been recommended. Conclusions: testing of special workability of qualified handball players permitted to assess current condition of sportsmen, their functional potentials; it also allowed to determine symptoms of de-adaptation and to differentiate correction of training program.
IL-6 RESPONSES TO GLYCAEMIC INDEX DURING RECOVERY FROM EXERCISE
Authors: Hasani S.H. , Supaporn S. , Mehranpour A.B. , Witid M.
Published: May 2015

Purpose: This study examined the effect of meal with different glycaemic index (GI) on plasma IL-6 concentration and glucose metabolism after maximal lengthening contractions of the knee extensors. Using a cross-over design, Material : 10 healthy males completed 5 sets of 10 lengthening (eccentric) contractions at 120% 1 repetition-maximum. Subjects were randomized to consume the GI beverage (high-GI, low-GI (15% weight per volume; 3 g/kg BM) or placebo in three times within 10 min following exercise, and again at 50 and 110 min during recovery time. Blood samples were collected before exercise and after 0.60, 180 min and 24 h of recovery. Results: Concentration of plasma IL-6 in HGI group was less than LGI and Pla groups. IL-6 tended to significantly increase after exercise in recovery time in 3 groups (all P < 0.05), except for 24 hours (P = 1.00), furthermore there was significant difference for IL-6 between placebo and high glycemic groups in 3hours after exercise (P=.016). Concentration of serum CK in HGI group was less than LGI and Pla groups, CK was significantly elevated at all times points during recovery in 3 groups (all P < 0.05), except for 1 hour after exercise in HGI group (P = 0.31), but there was no significant difference for CK between groups. Conclusion: In summary, consuming HGI carbohydrate during recovery from exercise attenuate plasma IL-6 concentration.
DYSPRAXIA AS A PSYCHOMOTOR DISORDER OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
Authors: Nowak Agata , Gnitecka Jolanta , Romanowska-Tolloczko Anna
Published: May 2015

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to define the epidemiology of dyspraxia among children from 6 to10 years’ age, attending grades I-III of primary schools in Wrocław, Poland. Material: the study was conducted among pupils of primary schools in Wrocław, Poland. The studied groups included 48 girls and 52 boys. The study employed Polish version of Questionnaire for the screening assessment of dyspraxia’s occurrence among children from 5 to 15 years’ age (DCDQ-PL), as well as the Coordination Test for Children (KTK). Results. After assessing the occurrence of dyspraxia among studied children, it was found out that this disorder is present in the studied group. The prevalence of dyspraxia depends on studied children’s gender; however, it is not related to their age. The results of tests, conducted with the DCDQ-PL and the KTK are consistent and confirm the observed inter-dependencies. Conclusions. Dyspraxia is a widespread psychomotor disorder, which can be diagnosed among children in the early school years. A diagnosis of a child’s development with respect to this disorder should constitute a constant element of work for teachers and educationists dealing with children at this stage of education.
MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND SPORT RESULTS OF MALE AND FEMALE WEIGHTLIFTERS
Authors: Saczuk Jerzy , Wasiluk Agnieszka
Published: May 2015

Purpose of this study was to analyze the types of body structure of elite Polish weightlifters of both genders, depending on their sports’ achievements. Material: Somatic measurements of weightlifters were fulfilled during individual Junior and Senior National Championships. Overall, a total of 127 male athletes (66 juniors and 61 seniors) were examined, along with 63 female athletes (32 juniors and 31 seniors). The levels of endomorphism, mesomorphism, and ectomorphism were determined and compared to the reference values of adolescents and young adults who did not engage in any sports discipline. The scores achieved during the National Championships were converted into Sinclair scale points, and each athlete was classified into one of three categories of sports outcome (superior, intermediate, or poor). Results: The athletes were characterized by higher level of endomorphism and mesomorphism and lower level of ectomorphism than non-training individuals. This suggests that the level of body adiposity is not considered during the qualification and selection of examined weightlifters. Male seniors were the only group with lower adiposity than the reference group. Analysis of body structure in relation to sports results revealed a tendency towards increased mesomorphism and decreased ectomorphism associated with higher level of skills and training experience in studied men and women. This reflects the appropriateness of the training process. However, not all differences between analyzed groups proved statistically significant. Conclusions: Training methods and diet should be verified to reduce adiposity in athletes as aside from male seniors, this parameter proved higher than in the respective reference groups, and there was no tendency towards a decrease in this parameter in concert with age or sports level.
Análise da Agroindústria Canavieira nos Estados do Centro-Oeste do Brasil a partir da Matriz de Capacidades Tecnológicas
Authors: Meurer Angélica Patrícia Sommer , Shikida Pery Francisco Assis , Vian Carlos Eduardo de Freitas
Published: May 2015

Esta pesquisa analisou a dinâmica tecnológica da agroindústria canavieira no Centro-Oeste do Brasil, a partir da matriz de capacidades tecnológicas. Foram coletados dados primários junto a usinas e destilarias por intermédio da aplicação de questionários (responderam 100% das unidades de Mato Grosso, 54,5% de Mato Grosso do Sul e 50% de Goiás). Como corolário, observou-se que as agroindústrias canavieiras dos três estados dominam grande parte das capacidades tecnológicas na gradação básica e intermediária. Entretanto, no tocante à gradação avançada, houve os menores percentuais de ocorrências nos três estados centro-oestinos. Logo, é necessário que o setor direcione esforços para crescer em P&D, o que facilitará a criação de novas tecnologias. De modo geral, constatou-se que Goiás apresentou a maior concentração técnica, sobressaindose em relação a Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul em vários perfis da matriz de capacidades tecnológicas.
As Organizações da Sociedade Civil no enfrentamento à AIDS no Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Kadri Michele Rocha , Schweickardt Julio Cesar
Published: May 2015

Este estudo objetivou analisar a percepção que as Organizações da Sociedade Civil fazem de sua contribuição na história do enfrentamento à AIDS, no Amazonas. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa com uso de fontes documentais e orais. Os dados foram coletados entre junho e setembro de 2013. Utilizou-se técnica de entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado com as lideranças de oito organizações que trabalham/trabalharam com grupos mais vulneráveis. A partir da análise do discurso, concluiu-se que com a descentralização de recursos do Departamento de DST, AIDS e Hepatites Virais para as Coordenações locais, as Organizações reconhecem dois momentos distintos: um primeiro momento de fortalecimento organizacional, engajamento coletivo e participação política ativa; e um momento atual de distanciamento entre as Organizações e desarticulação política e, consequentemente, enfraquecimento do movimento social na luta contra AIDS no Amazonas.
Social mobility and smoking: a systematic review
Authors: Motta Janaína Vieira dos Santos , Lima Natália Peixoto , Olinto Maria Teresa Anselmo , Gigante Denise Petrucci
Published: May 2015

The purpose of this study is to review the literature on longitudinal studies that have evaluated the effect of social mobility on the occurrence of smoking in various populations. Articles were selected from the web databases PubMed and Web of Science using the words: follow up, cohort longitudinal prospective, social mobility, social change life, course socioeconomic, smoking, and tobacco. Of the six studies identified in this review, four used occupational classification to measure social mobility. All six were carried out on the continent of Europe. The results indicate higher proportions of tobacco users among those with lower socioeconomic level during the whole period of observation (for all variables analyzed); and that people who suffered downward mobility, that is to say people who were classified as having a higher socioeconomic level at the beginning of life, tended to mimic habits of the new group when they migrated to a lower social group.
Family relations in eating disorders: the Genogram as instrument of assessment
Authors: Leonidas Carolina , Santos Manoel Antônio
Published: May 2015

The present study aimed to evaluate the transactional patterns in families of women with EDs, through the use of the Genogram. The study included 12 girls and women linked to a multidisciplinary service. For the preparation of Genograms, a semistructured interview script was built that included specific topics regarding family relationships. Genograms´ analysis followed the recommendations professed by the specialized literature. It was evident that families presented few skills in managing stressful events and resolving conflicts, resulting in emotional distance between members and vulnerability of bonds. The Genogram was proved useful as a resource for research and evaluation in the area of EDs, and the generated data was convergent with the literature. Results provide important subsidies for health professionals, since they indicate the need for care and development of therapeutic alliance with the family in the treatment for EDs.
Access to treatment for phenylketonuria by judicial means in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Trevisan Luciano Mangueira , Nalin Tatiele , Tonon Tassia , Veiga Lauren Monteiro , Vargas Paula , Krug Bárbara Corrêa , Leivas Paulo Gilberto Cogo , Schwartz Ida Vanessa Doederlein
Published: May 2015

Treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) includes the use of a metabolic formula which should be provided free of charge by the Unified Health System (SUS). This retrospective, observational study sought to characterize judicial channels to obtain PKU treatment in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Lawsuits filed between 2001- 2010 and having as beneficiaries PKU patients requesting treatment for the disease were included. Of 20 lawsuits filed, corresponding to 16.8% of RS patients with PKU, 19 were retrieved for analysis. Of these, only two sought to obtain therapies other than metabolic formula. In all the other 17 cases, prior treatment requests had been granted by the State Department of Health. Defendants included the State (n = 19), the Union (n = 1), and municipalities (n = 4). In 18/19 cases, the courts ruled in favor of the plaintiffs. Violation of the right to health and discontinuation of State-provided treatment were the main reasons for judicial recourse. Unlike other genetic diseases, patients with PKU seek legal remedy to obtain a product already covered by the national pharmaceutical assistance policy, suggesting that management failures are a driving factor for judicialization in Brazil.
Social, economic, and behavioral variables associated with oral health-related quality of life among Brazilian adults
Authors: Gabardo Marilisa Carneiro Leão , Moysés Samuel Jorge , Moysés Simone Tetu , Olandoski Marcia , Olinto Maria Teresa Anselmo , Pattussi Marcos Pascoal
Published: May 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between sociodemographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and behavioral variables and oral health as assessed using the 14-question short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A cross-sectional study was performed with 1095 adult residents from 38 census tracts in the municipality of São Leopoldo, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Responses to the OHIP-14 were dichotomized, and bivariate (Chi-square) and multivariate analysis (logistic regression and Wald's test) were performed. In the bivariate analysis, the worse effects were reported by female individuals, the elderly, those with low family income, less schooling, those reporting a lower quality of life and social support, and smokers. In the multivariate analysis the following variables maintained their statistical significance: gender (female), age (50-59 years), family income (low), quality of life (low), social support (low, moderate), and smoking (smokers). Individuals' self-perception of their oral health was related to sociodemographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and behavioral variables, thus confirming that emphasis should be placed on social factors when addressing oral health problems.
Reproductive biology of Macrobrachium surinamicum (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in the Amazon River mouth
Authors: LIMA Jô de Farias , DA CRUZ Mayara Cristina Moura , SILVA Luis Mauricio Abdon da
Published: May 2015

Macrobrachium surinamicum is an indigenous prawn distributed from the lower Amazon and Tocantins river basins to Venezuela in the Orinoco Delta region. It is common bycatch fauna of Macrobrachium amazonicum artisan fishing in the states of Pará and Amapá. The aim of this study was to investigate aspects on reproductive biology (reproductive period, size of sexual maturity population, fecundity, reproductive output and recruitment) of M. surinamicum from four important areas to artisanal prawn fishing located at the Amazon River mouth (Amapá and Pará). The specimens were captured using 20 handcrafted traps called "matapi". A number of 675 prawns were captured, 258 males, 409 females and eight juveniles, resulting in 1:1.6 (Male: Female) sex ratio. The reproductive peak period occurred from March to July, coinciding with the higher rainfall period. The juvenile prawn occurred only in May and July. Total length of egg-bearing females ranged from 12.12 to 38.30 mm, with mean female length at first maturity (L50) of 23.7 mm. Fecundity increased with prawn size and varied between 174 and 1780 eggs per female. Mean egg volume increased gradually from 0.031 (Stage I) to 0.060 mm³ (Stage III) during embryogenesis. Macrobrachium surinamicum depends on brackish water to complete the larval development. Irrespective of female size, reproductive output of M. surinamicum varied between 4.3 % and 35.5 % of their body weight for egg production. The knowledge of the reproductive biology reported in the present study is an important tool to define strategies to preserve M. surinamicum in Amazon River mouth.
Frações de fósforo e simbiose micorrízica em floresta secundária em resposta a disponibilidade de água e nutrientes na Amazônia oriental
Authors: MAIA Rodrigo da Silva , VASCONCELOS Steel Silva , CARVALHO Claudio José Reis de
Published: May 2015

A disponibilidade de nutrientes, especialmente fósforo, e de água no solo influenciam fortemente a simbiose micorrízica em ecossistemas florestais. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o impacto da remoção de serapilheira e do aumento da disponibilidade de água no solo sobre a densidade de esporos e a colonização micorrízica em raízes apogeotrópicas e não-apogeotrópicas em floresta secundária na Amazônia oriental. Foram analisadas a porcentagem de colonização micorrízica de raízes finas (diâmetro ≤ 2 mm) apogeotrópicas e não-apogeotrópicas (presentes na camada de 0-10 cm do solo), a densidade de esporos, o teor de glomalina e a disponibilidade de fósforo no solo. A remoção de serapilheira não reduziu a disponibilidade de fósforo no solo. A densidade de esporos também não foi afetada pela remoção de serapilheira. De forma geral, as variáveis estudadas variaram sazonalmente, com exceção da colonização micorrízica em raízes não-apogeotrópicas e do teor de glomalina, mas não foram afetadas pela alteração na disponibilidade de água no solo decorrente da irrigação. Danos mecânicos ao sistema radicular apogeotrópico, inerentes à remoção quinzenal da serapilheira, devem ter contribuído para reduzir a colonização micorrízica em raízes apogeotrópicas e não-apogeotrópicas e, consequentemente, o teor de glomalina no solo. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a redução da cobertura do solo pode impactar negativamente a simbiose fungo-planta.
Espectro polínico da própolis de Scaptotrigona aff. postica (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) em Barra do Corda, MA, Brasil
Authors: SOUZA Helder Rocha de , CORRÊA Angela Maria da Silva , CRUZ-BARROS Maria Amélia Vitorino da , ALBUQUERQUE Patrícia Maia Correia de
Published: May 2015

A própolis é uma substância resinosa coletada por abelhas de diferentes partes de uma planta, portanto, sua qualidade é relacionada à sua origem botânica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se os tipos polínicos encontrados indicam a origem botânica de suas resinas e contribuir com o conhecimento da relação destas abelhas com a vegetação do entorno do meliponário. Foram realizadas 31 coletas ao longo de 12 meses, com intervalo de sete dias entre elas. Os grãos de pólen foram extraídos da própolis e utilizados para confecção de lâminas para microscopia, posteriormente procedeu-se a identificação, contabilização e determinação das classes de frequência. Foram encontrados 94 tipos polínicos oriundos de 35 famílias botânicas. Borreria verticillata (34,17%) foi o tipo polínico mais frequente, seguido por Anadenanthera sp. (13,65%) e Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (10,5%). Fabaceae (38,37%) e Rubiaceae (34,18%) foram as famílias que apresentaram as maiores frequências polínicas. Foram encontrados também 34 tipos polínicos exclusivos, ou seja tipos ocorrentes somente em um determinado mês do ano, podendo ser indicadores da caracterização sazonal de floração das espécies e assim inferir dados sobre sua fenologia. Os resultados obtidos não possibilitaram a determinação da origem botânica das resinas, entretanto a grande variedade de tipos polínicos encontrados nas amostras de própolis indicou uma ampla interação entre as abelhas e as plantas e contribuíram para a caracterização fitogeográfica da própolis.
A PROSÓDIA EM SENTENÇAS SINTATICAMENTE AMBÍGUAS DO PORTUGUÊS BRASILEIRO: PISTAS DE DURAÇÃO
Authors: ANGELO Melanie Campilongo , SANTOS Raquel Santana
Published: May 2015

Utilizando sentenças sintaticamente ambíguas pelas posições local e não-local do Atributo, este artigo discute o uso da duração como pista do mapeamento prosódico de sentenças no português brasileiro. O que se questiona é se os falantes diferenciam as leituras via alongamento conforme o domínio prosódico do significado pretendido. Para isso, o presente trabalho é baseado em um estudo comparativo da produção feita por 30 falantes do PB de 9 sentenças do tipo SN1-V-SN2-Atributo, em que, conforme a interpretação, pode haver uma fronteira de frase fonológica entre SN2 e o Atributo. Para efeitos de discussão acerca do tema, a teoria prosódica de Nespor e Vogel (1986) foi adotada. Os resultados encontrados não mostraram diferença estatística significativa na duração do contexto analisado (da última sílaba de SN2 até a primeira sílaba do Atributo) quando apenas as leituras são consideradas, mas apontaram para uma forte correlação entre interpretação e informante, e em todos os casos significativos havia uma duração maior dos contextos analisados quando o Atributo se referia a SN1, isto é, quando havia uma fronteira de frase fonológica entre SN2 e o Atributo.
Contextual and individual indicators associated with the presence of teeth in adults
Authors: Barbato Paulo Roberto , Peres Marco Aurélio , Höfelmann Doroteia Aparecida , Peres Karen Glazer
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyze whether socioeconomic conditions and the period of availability of fluoridated water are associated with the number of teeth present.METHODSThis cross-sectional study analyzed data from 1,720 adults between 20 and 59 years of age who resided in Florianópolis, SC, Southern Brazil, in 2009. The outcome investigated was the self-reported number of teeth present. The individual independent variables included gender, age range, skin color, number of years of schooling, and per capita household income. The duration of residence was used as a control variable. The contextual exposures included the period of availability of fluoridated water to the households and the socioeconomic variable for the census tracts, which was created from factor analysis of the tract’s mean income, education level, and percentage of households with treated water. Multilevel logistic regression was performed and inter-level interactions were tested.RESULTS Residents in intermediate and poorer areas and those with fluoridated water available for less time exhibited the presence of fewer teeth compared with those in better socioeconomic conditions and who had fluoridated water available for a longer period (OR = 1.02; 95%CI 1.01;1.02). There was an association between the period of availability of fluoridated water, per capita household income and number of years of education. The proportion of individuals in the poorer and less-educated stratum, which had fewer teeth present, was higher in regions where fluoridated water had been available for less time.CONCLUSIONS Poor socioeconomic conditions and a shorter period of availability of fluoridated water were associated with the probability of having fewer teeth in adulthood. Public policies aimed at reducing socioeconomic inequalities and increasing access to health services such as fluoridation of the water supply may help to reduce tooth loss in the future.