bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Justification of the expediency of using harmless analgesia in bariatric surgery: prospective randomized study
Authors: Neimark Mikhail I. , Zhilin Sergey V.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: The presence of various comorbid conditions in patients with obesity increases operational risk, and high sensitivity to sedatives and opioid drugs can contribute to their aggravation.
OBJECTIVE: To compare and evaluate two methods of perioperative analgesia, namely, multimodal without opioid and non-opioid when performing longitudinal gastric resection for patients with morbid obesity using the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective randomized study of patients with morbid obesity was conducted. Depending on the type of analgesic component of anesthesia, the patients are divided into two groups. In both groups, low-flow desflurane inhalation was used; in group 1 (n=30), the technique of non-opioid analgesia was used, which included intraoperative infusion of ketamine, dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, and magnesium sulfate. In group 2 (n=30), traditional combined anesthesia using fentanyl was administered. In the postoperative period, the infusion of the above drugs continued for 10 h in group 1. Central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters, and the depth of anesthesia were studied, and TOF-monitoring was carried out. Postoperative rehabilitation was assessed based on the time of extubation, achievement of 13 points on the PARS scale, first getting up on ones feet, appearance of overstrain, and gas discharge. Postoperative analgesia was assessed on a 10-point visual analog scale, and anesthesia-related complications were recorded.
RESULTS: Surgical intervention under low-flow inhalation anesthesia based on desflurane in combination with multimodal opioid-free analgesia reduced the need for opioid analgesics intraoperatively (in group 1, the fentanyl dose was 0.2 [01; 0.2] mg; in group 2 0.4 [0.3; 0.5] mg; p=0.002), provided less fluctuation of intraoperative hemodynamic parameters (AvBP: stage 1: group 1 102 [100; 103]; group 2 102 [98; 105], p=0.96; stage 2: group 1 93 [90; 95]; group 2 96 [93; 99], p=0.003; stage 3: group 1 95 [95; 97]; group 2 100 [96; 102], p 0.001; stage 4: group 1 95 [92; 97]; group 2 98 [98; 101], p 0.001; CI stage 1: group 1 492.2; group 2 49.52.2, p=0.39; stage 2: group 1 44.42; group 2 44.62.1, p=0.26; stage 3: group 1 45.52.11; group 2 50.62.8, p=0.001; stage 4: group 1 44.52.1; group 2 48.82.5 p 0.001), and contributed to a lower level of pain and faster rehabilitation. In addition, anesthesia-related complications such as postoperative nausea and vomiting, hypoxemia, and dysphoria were less frequently recorded.
CONCLUSION: The use of multimodal non-opioid analgesia contributes to a lesser fluctuation in hemodynamic parameters, a low level of postoperative pain, early activation of patients and restoration of peristalsis, and a decrease in the number of postoperative complications in patients who underwent longitudinal gastric resection for morbid obesity.
Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Authors: Richie Rodney C
Published: April 2023

This article summarizes the morbidity and mortality associated with COPD and was created from a presentation given at the 130th AAIM Annual Meeting. The author reviews what most medical directors already know about COPD, but with particular attention paid to the Pulmonary Function Tests dealing with spirometry. Underwriters and medical directors need to understand the three basic measurements of spirometry (FVC, FEV1, and FEF25-75), as well as the significance of the FEV1/FVC ratio, in establishing an applicant as having an obstructive or restrictive impairment.
Un modelo Box Jenkins ARIMA para modelar y pronosticar la producción de mora de castilla en Colombia
Authors: Cancino Susan Elsa , Cancino Escalante Giovanni Orlando , Cancino Ricketts Daniel Francisco
Published: April 2023

La producción de mora de castilla en Colombia contribuye al producto interno bruto, al empleo y al bienestar social de los agricultores del país. Es considerado de gran importancia económica una vez que los frutos de la mora son utilizados como materia prima para la agroindustria. De esta manera, la inestabilidad de la producción afecta la rentabilidad económica de los agricultores; por lo tanto, el pronóstico de la producción de mora posee un importante papel en la asignación de recursos y la toma de decisiones de los agricultores. Por lo tanto, el propósito del estudio fue modelar y pronosticar la producción de mora en Colombia utilizando un enfoque ARIMA de Box Jenkins para el período 1992-2023. Se seleccionó una investigación tipo cuantitativa, no experimental, correlacional y descriptiva. Se evaluó la adecuación del modelo y su capacidad predictiva mediante la verificación de los diferentes criterios de bondad de ajuste. Los resultados mostraron que ARIMA (1,1,0) fue el modelo más adecuado una vez que capturó el comportamiento de la serie temporal actual. Con base en los valores pronosticados se espera un aumento de 5,47% en la producción de mora para el período 2021-2023 lo que mejorará los ingresos de los agricultores y contribuirá, así a la reducción de la pobreza en el campo.
Construction of an efficient evaluation model for athletic athletes' competitive ability based on deep neural network algorithm
Authors: Niu Yuhan
Published: April 2023

This paper analyzes the data of this year's athletes' physical fitness test scores and manages the classification of different physical qualities of the farmer. In order to reduce the manual calculation and increase the prediction efficiency, as well as to unify the scoring criteria of previous years, this paper proposes a comprehensive performance prediction model based on deep neural network algorithm. First, principal component analysis is used to transform multiple attributes with strong correlation into independent attributes that are not related to each other, and to reduce the time and space for model training by eliminating redundancy. Second, a back propagation (BP) neural network algorithm is used to build a physical fitness test prediction model, and the model is applied to the test dataset for model performance evaluation. Finally, the physical fitness test model was applied to other years for comprehensive performance prediction, and the differences between the model prediction results and the actual teachers' manual calculation results were observed. The results showed very good prediction results for 2021, in which 92.95% of the data had an absolute value of error less than 2 and only 0.06% had an absolute value of error greater than 4, which indicated that the prediction performance of the model was extremely significant. At the same time, a new athletic athletic scoring standard was also developed based on the neural network BP model to provide a more scientific theoretical basis and guidance for the evaluation of athletic ability of athletes.
Research on the development and application of CNN model in mobile payment terminal and blockchain economy
Authors: Liu Hongyan
Published: April 2023

As the most widely used payment method at this stage, mobile payment is more and more closely related to the blockchain economy. Traditional methods lack a certain degree of accuracy. This research proposes a feature-based and sequential-based Bilateral AM (BAM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-gated recurrent unit for the development and application of mobile payment and blockchain economy (Gated Recurrent Unit, GRU) hybrid model (BAM-CNN-GRU), select 5 feature parameters with high correlation with the blockchain for multivariate prediction. The introduction of BAM can automatically quantify the correlation between the input variables and the blockchain, and strengthen the expression of historical key information on the predicted output; the introduction of CNN can extract high-dimensional features that reflect the non-stationary dynamic changes of the blockchain. The proposed hybrid model achieves good results in both single-step and multi-step long-term series and multivariate input blockchain prediction. Compared with the other six methods, MAE is reduced by 75.45%, 64.74%, 62.84%, respectively. 59.41%, 45.54%, 44.16%. Compared with the BAM-GRU model, the CNN-GRU model, the GRU model, the LSTM model, the support vector machine SVM model and the BP model, the prediction accuracy of the hybrid model has been greatly improved, and it has a broader application prospect.
Management and control optimization based on deep learning model
Authors: Dai Jingjing
Published: April 2023

Microgrid technology is a key solution to improve distributed power consumption, complementary utilization of multiple energy sources, and power supply reliability. To guarantee the reliability of the microgrid system, a realistic strategy must be created. This work takes the microgrid as an object and uses simulation technology to construct a microgrid system. Then, using this simulation system and the double deep Q-learning, the goal is to minimize the 24-hour electricity consumption cost from the external power grid to meet the requirements of voltage deviation. Power balancing and energy storage loads for microgrid systems. Under the constraints of the electrical state and other constraints, the control variable is the energy storage's capacity for charging and discharging, and the optimization strategy of energy storage control is obtained through training. The results demonstrate that the DDQN algorithm will save 26.95% of the electricity purchase cost, which is significantly more than the MPPT algorithm's 12.43% savings. As a result, this work examines the efficacy of the charging and releasing approach for energy storage and confirms the potential of the suggested approach to reduce the cost of purchasing electricity.
Upgrading The Environmental Properties Of Kirkuk Kerosene Using Glacial Acetic Acid
Authors: Ibrahem Abdulkhader Serwan , Jawdat Barzanjy Mohammed
Published: April 2023

Glacial acetic acid was used to improve Kirkuk kerosene samples and decrease their aromatics contents. Two sets of experimental processes were performed: the first set included more process steps (mixing by orbital shaker, heating, centrifugation, and stabilization over many days). This set of experiments showed its maximum improvement when 1 mL of glacial acetic acid was added to 10 mL of Kirkuk kerosene sample to get a 42% improvement in the aniline point and a 12.5% improvement in the smoke point. The smoke point test values gave confusing results when the stabilization was increased to 4 days; the reason may be the chemical cracking of single-ring aromatic components into polyromantic components like naphthalene, which reduced the quality of the kerosene samples. The second set of experiments included only mixing and leaving the processed kerosene sample with 2 mL mixtures of glacial acetic acid and distilled water to set for 5 minutes. The greatest improvement was obtained when 1.8 mL of water containing 0.2 mL of glacial acetic acid was mixed with 10 mL of kerosene samples, resulting in a 19% improvement in aniline point and a 45% improvement in smoke point. The total sulfur percent and flashpoint tests revealed that the second set also had an acceptable chemical effect on kerosene samples by reducing 4.8% for the total sulfur test and increasing 11.7% for the flashpoint test. As a number, the first set of experiments showed better improvements in comparison with the second set, but to scale up these experiments and apply them industrially will be very difficult and expensive, and some steps are difficult to apply like centrifugation because of its high cost and because the stabilization step consumes a lot of time. Therefore, the second set of results will be more acceptable from an engineering point of view.
Evaluation The Water Quality of Al- Rusafa Treatment Plant in Baghdad City / Al-Rusafa Side Using Several Water Quality Indices
Authors: Amer Shanoon Ahmed , H. Al-Baidhani Jabbar
Published: April 2023

The present study was conducted drinking water treatment plant located in districts which is (Al-Rusafa) in Baghdad city. The study aims to assess the water quality produced from the above plant using various water quality indices. Twelve physical and chemical parameters have been tested which are pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, calcium, magnesium, chloride, total hardness, alkalinity, sulfate, sodium and total dissolved solids. Five different approaches and methodologies of water quality indices were applied to get the level of pollution during a period of nine months, starting from November 2021 until July 2022.The values WAV WQI for water treatment pant indicate that the water quality was good. Also, the results of the MNE WQI showed that water treatment plant produced clean water, but Al-Rusafa treatment plant in April, the water was very clean. The values of (weighted method) indicated that the water quality for water treatment plant was good. It was found that water treatment plant studied gives excellent quality using based on values of CCME and BCWQI indices. It is found that the values of all chemical and physical parameters are within Iraqi standards. Finally, in the present study, many statistical equation were found for the purpose of calculating the water quality index for water treatment plant studied with a proper coefficient of determinations.
Investigation Of Waste Cooking Oil-Diesel Blend With Copper Oxide Additives As Fuel For Diesel Engine Under Variations In Fuel Injection Pressure
Authors: G. Chatur Madhuri , Maheshwari Anil , Campli Srinidhi
Published: April 2023

Fuel Injection is a significant factor when biodiesel-diesel blends are fired in diesel engines as they have very diverse property when related to diesel. The current work describes unusual experimental study of CI engine fuelled with Waste cooking methyl ester with copper oxide nano additives at varying fuel injection pressures. The Copper oxide nano additives were manufactured using homogenous addition method and were subjected to studies such as XRD and SEM characterization. These synthesized nanoparticles were later added in waste cooking oil biodiesel blend (WCO20) with levels of 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, and 40ppm. The results were noted from a DI-CI VCR engine coupled with an eddy current dynamometer. The addition of CuO particles reduces the ignition delay of WCO20 and raises the thermal efficiency of the engine by an average of 3.9% and limits HC emission by 15.6%.
Preparation of the environmentally friendly green nano insecticide using copper salts
Authors: AL-HAMDANI H. M. , HAMEED S. H. , HAMEED R. S.
Published: April 2023

The nanoparticle was prepared using aqueous extract of naringin Citrus aurantium and copper salts, which are 100% local materials to combat the white fly Bemisia tabaci, which have the ability to transmit and spread plant diseases at a very high rate and pose a great threat to global food production. In tropical and subtropical regions, the insect problem used in the study has become one of the most serious problems facing crop protection. The economic losses are estimated in the hundreds of millions of dollars. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by the following assays:UV- visible spectrophotometry, SEM, AFM and FTIR. The results of the study showed that the nanoparticles of copper salts were more effective in the mortality rates of nymphs, eggs, and whole insects of the whitefly at concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 ppm, in addition to that the effectiveness of the nanocide led to higher mortality rates for the third, fourth and virginal stages of whitefly at 300 ppm concentrations compared to the results Aqueous extract of Citrus aurantium and copper salts.
Applicability of a Fork-in-the-Road Clause and the Res Judicata Principle in International Commercial Arbitration
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Liu Jia-Jia , Han Nak-Hyun
Published: April 2023

Purpose: By analyzing the res judicata principle and the fork-in-the-road clause, which are frequently at issue in international commercial arbitration, this study presents the implications related to these clauses after analysis of Iberdrola v. Guatemala (II).
Research design, data, and methodology: This study mainly adopts the literature research method, and utilizes domestic and foreign literature as well as Internet data.
Results: ① The issue of res judicata was decided based on international law and the law of the place of arbitration (Swiss law). ② Based on the triple identity test, the ICSID recognized the arbitration’s denial of jurisdiction under the res judicata principle, and the UNCITRAL claimant was blocked in arbitration.
Conclusions: It is meaningful that it was decided that the respondent country does not have the right to file a counterclaim, saying that the former takes precedence in cases where the investment treaty and the arbitration rules contradict each other.
Counterclaims under International Investment Arbitration
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Lee Jae-woo
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This study analyzes counterclaims arising in the course of international arbitration proceedings, especially investor-state arbitration.
Research design, data, and methodology: This paper mainly relies on arbitration awards based on investment treaties to reveal how counterclaims have been dealt with in the investment arbitration context.
Results: Although counterclaims are well known in international arbitral proceedings, they raise special issues when it comes to investment arbitration, especially when they are based on treaties that recognize only rights, and not obligations, of private parties.
Conclusions: A counterclaim may be a way of rebalancing investment law by allowing states to file claims against investors. However, certain conditions that must be fulfilled are not easily combined with the special features of investment arbitration. Future investment treaties should provide explicit provisions for the obligations of investors based on which contracting states may bring counterclaims. This could be a way of addressing the drawbacks that have been recently formulated against investment arbitration.
Prison officers in Latin America: quality of life, working conditions and main difficulties
Authors: Abello Cesia , Pacheco Margarita , Sanhueza Guillermo E.
Published: April 2023

Although the number of empirical studies on prison inmates in Latin America has increased in recent years, an aspect that still remains little studied is the situation of prison workers. This article analyzes the labor situation of prison officers in Latin America, and considers their working conditions, quality of life and the problems that affect them, in a region marked by precarious, overcrowded and violent prison systems. To do so, a systematic review of articles published in Spanish or Portuguese on the Scielo platform between 2000-2021 was carried out. Our main findings show that prison officers suffer from significant levels of stress and work overload; and carry out their work in poor conditions; with long working hours; performing an invisible and socially undervalued job; with important risks of negative consequences for their physical and mental health. Finally, some implications of the findings and some lines of intervention are discussed.
Leptin and its receptor – A review
Authors: Suma H Y  , Srinivasan Jayasree , Sontakke Yogesh Ashok
Published: April 2023

Leptin is a polypeptide hormone, mainly secreted by the adipocytes that regulates the energy expenditure of the body. Since its discovery, various researches have been conducted to find out about its role in human body. Leptin receptor (Ob-R) is a membrane spanning receptor with six different isoforms. The long isoform of leptin receptor is the major form found in various tissues of the human body such as brain, lymphocytes, stomach, intestine, pancreas, liver and placenta. This article discusses about the structure of leptin receptor, its various locations in the human body, effects due to the deficiency of leptin receptors and its evolving therapeutic applications.
Health and hygiene in pubertal girls of Chhattisgarh: Knowledge, attitude, and practices
Authors: Sinha Manisha B , Sahay Surabhi
Published: April 2023

: Menstruation is an important physiological process in females of the reproductive age group. Society needs to be educated by competent person time to time. The study was aimed to determine the knowledge of reproductive tract anatomy and pubertal changes in young adolescent girls and to create awareness about pubertal changes and health and hygiene among adolescent girls.

: The questionnaire-based study in which the participants were adolescent girls. After filling in basic socio-demographic information, the first questionnaire (pre-test) was to be filled which assessed their existing knowledge regarding the reproductive tract anatomy and pubertal changes. This was followed by a health education talk using audio-visual aids (PowerPoint presentation). Post-tests were organized to know the response.

: From a total of 480 adolescent school girls, more than half of the girls (57.08%) do not know the normal anatomy of the female genital tract. Knowledge of signs of pubertal changes was known by 2.29% which was improved to 80% after the talk ie in the post-test. Mother was the main source of information about the menstrual cycle 76%. Many had poor knowledge of menstrual hygiene.

: Awareness programs improve knowledge as well as behaviors. So this program, society needs from time to time. Certain facts each girl in society should know for a better understanding of her health.
Correlation between clinical symptomatology and RT-PCR results in the diagnosis of COVID-19: An analysis using routine data in Burkina Faso
Authors: Ouedraogo Henri Gautier , Nabia Pascal , Cisse Kadari , Ouedraogo Oumarou , Zoure Abdou Azaque , Yugbare Danielle Belemsaga , Zida Sylvie , Diendere Eric Arnaud , Sagna Tani
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between suspected COVID-19 symptoms and RT-PCR results in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Burkina Faso.

We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR routine diagnostic data in Burkina Faso. Data were collected from March 9, 2020 to September 30, 2020 in the framework of the COVID-19 surveillance. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and Kappa concordance were used to check the correlation between COVID-19 symptoms and the RT-PCR results.

A total of 2217 participants were tested for COVID-19 using RT-PCR, of them 779 COVID-19 positive. The mean age of the participants was 38.7± 17.69 years. Suspected symptoms presented by participants were fever (40.4%), cough (38.6%), asthenia (27.3%), headache (23.6%), dyspnea (20.8%), and odynophagia (16.3%). The sensitivity of presence of at least a clinical sign compared to RT-PCR results was 62.13% and the specificity was 39.85%. The kappa agreement between the presence of COVID-19 suspected symptoms and RT-PCR results was 0.017. The presence of aguesia and/or anosmia in patients induced a positive predictive value of RT-PCR of 91.30%.

: The correlation between the COVID-19 symptoms and RT-PCR results in the diagnosis of COVID-19 was very weak. The present study confirms that most clinical signs associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection are not specific to COVID-19, hence the need to always combine RT-PCR or other biological tests with the clinical diagnosis. However, aguesia and anosmia are of interest with a high degree of RT-PCR positivity when present in a COVID-19 suspected patient.
Dipodascus capitatus: A rare and emerging yeast like fungal infection in immuno-compromised subjects
Authors: Lakshmi Degati Vijaya , Prasad Battala Venkata Siva , Prasad Durbaka Vijaya Rahava
Published: April 2023

is a typical inhabitant of humans, especially on the skin, oral cavity, and respiratory tract. Fungi previously considered harmless colonizers (Opportunistic) are emerging as new fungal pathogens, particularly in an immune-compromised state. Infection caused by is rare, and the treatment procedures are quite difficult. Here we reported the information on patients with chronic diabetic conditions. The fungus was isolated from oral washings, the phenotypic identification was based on mycological methods, the molecular marker was based on 18S r RNA sequencing, and the susceptibility test was conducted by micro-dilution technique. The present study mainly focused on quantifying virulence factors, and their activity is expressed in the form of hemolysin protease (1.812 mg/ml). Fungal infections in these patients are often severe, rapid progressive, and challenging to identify, including diagnostic and therapeutic modalities required to provide better patient care.
Perfil clínico y epidemiológico de los pacientes con enfermedad hemolítica del recién nacido atendidos en un hospital universitario, Medellín, Colombia, 2014-2018
Authors: Roldán Isaza Mariana , Vergara Yánez Daniela , Hernández Martínez Alejandro , Morales Quintero Natalia , Rodríguez Gázquez María de los Ángeles , Martínez Sánchez Lina María
Published: April 2023

ANTECEDENTES: La enfermedad hemolítica del recién nacido (EHRN) hace referencia a los efectos perinatales que tiene la isoinmunización eritrocitaria fetomaterna, que conlleva a una reacción inmunitaria permitiendo la lisis de dichas células.
OBJETIVO: Describir el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de los pacientes con EHRN atendidos en un hospital universitario durante el 2014-2018.
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo transversal que incluyó neonatos con EHRN y sus madres. Se realizó un muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos.
RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 216 recién nacidos diagnosticados con EHRN, con una media de edad gestacional de 38,1±2,18 semanas. En el neonato predominó el grupo sanguíneo A con un 62,5% y en la madre el O con un 88,4%. En cuanto a la presentación clínica el 85,1% de los pacientes presentaron ictericia, el 86,4% recibieron fototerapia y solo el 1,4% tuvo complicaciones.
CONCLUSIÓN: La EHRN en este estudio muestra a la ictericia como el signo más frecuente, permitiendo un diagnóstico por lo general en las primeras 48 horas posparto y una intervención de manera efectiva y oportuna. Se identificó que gran parte de la población requirió para su tratamiento la fototerapia y las transfusiones de glóbulos rojos con el fin de evitar complicaciones posteriores.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Recién nacido; anemia hemolítica; isoinmunización Rh; eritroblastosis fetal; hidropesía fetal
Lactante con deformación de la caja torácica
Authors: Ridaura Sanz Cecilia , Garza-Elizondo Rosalía , Sarmiento-Abril Marcos , De Uña-Flores Armando
Published: April 2023

Niño de un año de edad al fallecimiento con daño neurológico por asfixia perinatal y malformaciones esqueléticas (pecho excavado y pie varo equino), que cursó con numerosos cuadros de infección respiratoria y broncoaspiración, lo que requirió atención hospitalaria en múltiples ocasiones. Fue visto por múltiples especialistas  logrando solamente una muy leve recuperación en tratamiento en rehabilitación y falleció de forma inesperada en su domicilio.
Carta al editor con relación al artículo: “Influenza vs COVID-19: sus consecuencias y los intereses de las pandemias”
Authors: Caltenco Serrano Raul
Published: April 2023

N/A
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Education Outcomes in Belize
Authors: Näslund-Hadley Emma , Alonzo Haydée , Villanueva Neulin , Gideon Ricardo , Flowers Yvonne
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought school systems to a halt across the globe. In Belize, remote learning was challenging owing to limited access to educational technologies and lack of familiarity with remote learning among teachers. This study draws on national standardized exams and specific achievement testing to assess pandemic-related learning losses at the primary education level. Based on administrative data, the study also analyzes changes in student enrollment, dropout rates, and grade repetition at the primary and secondary levels. We find that school closures resulted in significant learning losses in English language and mathematics at the end of primary education. Matching international trends, the largest losses occurred in mathematics. Among the strands of mathematics content, the one showing the most dramatic loss is number sense in primary schools and geometry in secondary schools; the achievement level in both dropped by around 55 percent. Also, in line with international trends, average student repetition and dropout rates surged at the secondary level after prolonged school closures. The largest increase in dropout and repetition levels were found in urban secondary schools: the average dropout rate increased by 51 percent in the 2020/21 school year, compared with the average rate in the year prior to the start of the pandemic, while the repetition rate increased from 6.7 percent in the 2019/20 school year to 11.6 percent in the 2021/22 school year.
Valores de referencia de espirometría forzada de adultos residentes sobre o bajo 1500 m s.n.m.: revisión sistemática
Authors: Quemba Mesa Mónica Paola , Valero Ortiz Adriana Sofía , Roa Cubaque Marcela América
Published: April 2023

Introducción: la espirometría es una prueba de función pulmonar usada en la valoración de programas de rehabilitación para evaluar exposiciones a tóxicos y alérgenos, en estudios epidemiológicos y en el desarrollo de ecuaciones de referencia en poblaciones específicas; estos valores pueden variar de acuerdo con la altura. Objetivo: establecer las diferencias entre los valores de referencia de espirometría forzada en población adulta residentes en alturas mayores y menores a 1500 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Métodos: revisión sistemática, se encontraron 536 estudios, se evaluaron 66 en texto completo, 33 en calidad metodológica con las listas de chequeo Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies y Quality Assessment of Case-Control Studies; 21 estudios fueron seleccionados para la revisión y 12 surtieron metanálisis. Resultados: se contó con 48 923 participantes de alturas entre 2,4 y 4440 m s. n. m. Hay diferencias iniciales al relacionar la altura (+/-1500 m s. n. m) con el VEF1 (hombres: DM 0,29; IC: 0,03-0,55; mujeres: DM 0,27; IC: -0,07-0,60) y los valores de referencia con el sexo: CVF (DM 1,31; IC: 1,24-1,37) y VEF1 (DM: 1,03; IC: 0,95-1,11). Se reportó alta heterogeneidad y riesgo de sesgo de publicación. Discusión: estas diferencias se dan en función de aspectos antropométricos y fisiológicos como la aclimatación y el envejecimiento pulmonar. Los mecanismos que influyen en estos cambios son la adaptación genética, molecular, fisiológica y anatómica, que permiten compensar los efectos de la hipoxia aguda o crónica, lo cual aumenta la ventilación alveolar y los valores espirométricos. Conclusiones: los valores de referencia de espirometría varían de acuerdo con la altura (mayores en alturas > 1500 m s. n. m) y el sexo (más elevados en hombres). Es necesario contar con evidencias más amplias y contundentes en la temática.
USAGE OF ORGANIC SURFACE ACTIVE AGENT AS ANTI-WEAR ADDITIVES TO DIESEL FUEL
Authors:   FSBEI HE Samara State Agrarian University, Volodko O. S. , Bychenin A. P. ,   1FSBEI HE Samara State Agrarian University, Khokhlov A. L. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The article provides analysis of the main directions for efficiency increase of diesel fuel sage for automotive and tractor equipment. The purpose of the study is to substantiate rational concentration of antiwear additive for diesel fuel containing surface active agent of organic origin. The possibility of using vegetable oils (flax, mustard and rapeseed) and their individual components (oleic acid) in low concentrations (up to 10%) as antiwear additives to diesel fuel is considered. According to results of laboratory studies on a tribometer of TU type with a four-ball friction unit, appropriate concentrations of antiwear additive were determined. According to results of the experiments, it was found that inclusion of up to 10% of vegetable oil (flax, mustard and rapeseed) to diesel fuel allowsto increase tribological properties of the fuel without negative effects. In this case, appropriate concentration is 2%, which allows to get maximum increase of tribological properties with minimumcosts of the additive. When using oleic acid, a concentration of 2% is also appropriate, but when the concentration exceeds 4%, there are such conditions in friction pairs that are favorable for the effect of adsorption strength decrease of the rubbing surfaces, which leads to an increase oftheir wear. Oleic acid application in the amount of more than 4% is considered impractical.
FACTORS REGULATING ONTOGENESIS OF A. SALINA AND ITS PRODUCTIVITY IN CASE OF IN VITRO CULTIVATION
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Romanova E.M. , Romanov V.V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Lyubomirova V.N. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Fazilov E.B. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to development of aquaculture of Artemia (A. Salina). Decapsulated eggs and live Artemianauplii, which have a high nutritional value and a necessary set of biologically active substances, are widely used in cultivation of fish larvae. Biological characteristics of Artemia, such as rapid growth, high fecundity, the amount of cysts that are preserved and stored, contributed to its commercialization. The demand for Artemia eggs is growing from year to year in the world market, but the volume of their production in natural reservoirs supplies only 40% of the demand. The missing volumes of Artemia can be satisfied by artificial reproduction in aquaculture. The purpose of our research was to assess the factors that regulate the ontogeny and productivity of A. Salina in aquaculture. The results of the research showed that the cultivation conditions we created, such as270Ctemperature, illumination intensity of 1500 lux, saturation of the environment with oxygen (SO2) - 90%, pH 8.2,provided 82% hatching of nauplii within the first day, and the hatching increased and reached 96-97% on the second day. Experimentally selected abiotic and biotic factors that determine the effectiveness of Artemiacultivation have shown fairly good results. Analysis of literature sources and our own data showed that it is not enough to improve abiotic and biotic factors inn case of in vitro cultivationin order to obtain high productivity of Artemia, first of all, it is necessary to have high-quality material - Artemia cysts or eggs, which should belocallyproduced, cultivating Artemia in a closed cycle. Development of effective biotechnology for artificial reproduction of Artemia in vitro is of great practical importance.
ANALYSIS OF PARAMETERS OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF PIG OOCYTE LIPIDOME IN CASE OF IN VITRO CULTIVATION
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Genetics and Animal Breeding - a branch of the State Budgetary Scientific Institution ", Starikova D.A. ,   Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry - VIZH named after Academician L.K. Ernst", Kuzmina T.I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Genetics and Animal Breeding - a branch of the State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry - VIZH named after Academician L.K. Ernst"
Published: April 2023

Identification of effective markers of oocyte maturation based on morphological and functional characteristics of intracytoplasmic lipid droplets will allow to increaseinformative value of the criteria for assessing the quality of donor gametes for improvement of the efficiency of using cellular reproductive technologies in animal husbandry, biomedicine, and veterinary medicine. The aim of the study is to analyze the parameters of morphofunctional state of the lipidome (the morphology of lipid droplets and the intensity of fluorescence of the Nile red/lipid droplets complex - Nile red IF) in Susscrofadomesticus oocytes before and after in vitro cultivation. Oocytes were matured using Sage Media Cleavage (CooperSurgical, USA) with 5% Serum Protein Substitute serum (CooperSurgical, USA), 10 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (Sigma, USA). As a result of ranking the population of donor oocytes according to morphology of lipid droplets (granules and clusters) and Nile red IF (low, medium, high), it was found that, the proportion of oocytes with an average Nile red IF and lipid droplets (LD) in the form of granules was 63% before cultivation, which was significantly higher than the proportion of gametes with an average IF of Nile red and LD of a mixed form of 41% (P<0.05). After cultivation, the level of oocytes with medium Nile red IF and LD in the form of granules was 45%, which exceeded the level of gametes with the same Nile red IF and mixed LD of 23% (P<0.05). The proportion of in vitro matured oocytes with high Nile red IF and mixed LD morphology (granules and clusters) was 33%, 14% were characterized by the above parameters before cultivation (P<0.05). Comparative morphological analysis of the relation between the parameters of morphofunctional activity (morphology and IF Nile red) of lipidome in Susscrofadomesticus oocytes was carried out for the first time. Features of functional activity of lipidome before and after cultivation were revealed. The usage of a comprehensive analysis of parameters of functional activity of lipidomeforassessment of the quality of the oocyte is substantiated. Pig oocytes which morphology of lipid droplets is represented by a granular form are promising for cultivation, while Nile red IF is assessed as low. With regard to the analysis of the obtained results, it is recommended to use the proposed comprehensive assessment of lipidome based on morphology and Nile red IF to assess the initial population of donor oocytes in cellular reproductive technologies.
DNA ISOLATION FROM BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL OF MARALS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ", Lubennikova M.V. ,   Altai Scientific Center of Agricultural Biotechnology",   (Department of ",   All-Russian Research Institute of Reindeer Antler Breeding",   ), Afanasiev K.A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Altai Scientific Center of Agricultural Biotechnology" (Department of "All-Russian Research Institute of Reindeer Antler Breeding"), Afanasiev V.A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Altai Scientific Center of Agricultural Biotechnology" (Department of "All-Russian Research Institute of Reindeer Antler Breeding")
Published: April 2023

The main task of maral breeding isproduction increase of antlers. Application of molecular genetic methods in maral breeding contributes to increase in reliability and accuracy of assessment of productivity and breeding value of stag deer at an early age. The purpose of the research is to test methods DNA isolation from biological material of marals. The biomaterial was selected fromstag deer of Altai-Sayan breed (blood, antler crumbs, cartilaginous tissue of the auricles). The work on DNA isolation from maral tissue samples was carried out in the bioengineering laboratory at Altai State University (Barnaul). DNA isolation was conducted using the method based on application of Chelex-100TM Resin chelating agent (Bio-Rad, USA), the method based on DNA precipitation Diamond DNA (OOO ABT, Russia) and commercial kit based on magnetic particles AMPure XP (Beckman Coulter, USA). The purification degree of the isolated DNA was assessed by PCR efficiency in reactions of amplification of the genes of cytochrome oxidase 1, cytochrome B of mitochondrial DNA. The highest concentration of maral DNA was established in isolation based on DNA precipitation (Diamond DNA). The concentration of DNA in the solution was 13.20 ng/µl (blood), 11.30 ng/µl (cartilaginous tissue), 5.74 ng/µl (antler crumbs).
INFLUENCE OF ULTRA DISPERSION HUMATO-SAPROPEL SUSPENSION ON BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD OF HEIFERS
Authors:   ", Lashkova T.B. ,   Novgorod Research Institute of Agriculture",   - branch of St. Petersburg FRC RAS, Petrova G.V. ,   "Novgorod Research Institute of Agriculture" - branch of St. Petersburg FRC RAS
Published: April 2023

The article presents results of studies on usage of ultra-dispersive humate-sapropel suspensionin animal feeding, its effect on biochemical parameters of blood serum, including those which characterize functional state of liver.Moreover, a comparative analysis of introduction of two dosages into the rationwas carried out. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the farm SPK "ImeniIlyicha" in Novgorod region on Holstein heifers selected for insemination. It was establishedthat usage of ultra-dispersive humate-sapropel suspension in combination with the main diet at the doses of 20 ml and 25 ml allowedto increasecreatininecontent by 10.4% and 13.2%, respectively. In the same way, the consumption of ultra-dispersive humate-sapropel suspension affected the concentration of glucose in blood serum of heifers of the experimental groups, increasing it by 30.2% (20 ml) and 9.2% (25 ml). Introduction of the suspension into the rationimprovedbilirubinconcentration, increasing its values in the first experimental group by 39.6% and 14.6% in the second. There is a decrease in De Ritis coefficient by 17% (20 ml of ultra-dispersive humate-sapropel suspension) and 13.3% (25 ml) in the experimental groups; usage of ultra-dispersive humate-sapropel suspension at a dose of 20 ml in the experiment led to a decrease in Gamma HT activity by 14.6%, which allows to make an assumption about the therapeutic efficacy of ultra-dispersive humate-sapropel suspension ashepatoprotector. Thus, on the basis of the experimental data obtained, it is possible to recommend usage of ultra-dispersive humate-sapropel suspension in the rations of young animals in case of violations of liverfunctional state, as well as for preventive purposes at a dose of 20 ml per head per day.
GROWTH FEATURES OF ABERDEEN ANGUS BREED IN DIFFERENT HOUSING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Konik N. V. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. Vavilov, Gosteva E. R. ,   FSBSI" Federal Agricultural Research Center of the South-East, Alagirova Zh. T. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov"
Published: April 2023

The article presents results of the studies of dynamics of live weight, average daily gains and relative growth rate of Aberdeen Angus bulls under different housing technologies. The purpose of the research is to establish the degree of growth parameters for cattle of Aberdeen-Angus breed in economic and technological conditions of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Bulls of Aberdeen-Angus breed were the object of the research. Group I - year-round keeping in a fenced area, group II - stall-pasture with transfer of animals in the summer to high-mountain pastures (the length of the pasture period is 152 days). Total duration of production cycles was 18 months. The suckling period was 7 months, rearing - 9 months and intensive final fattening - 2 months. It was established that (due to differences in housing technologies), differences between individuals of different groups at the age of one year reached 18.1 kg (P> 0.95) in favor of animals located on high mountain pastures with high nutritional value of the grass stand. The superiority of this group of bulls over the peers of year-round keeping in a fenced area at the age of 16 months was 21.5 kg (P> 0.95), at the end of the fattening period -25.1 kg (P> 0.95). Over the entire period of research, as expected, the maximum average daily gain of live weight was common for Aberdeen Angus animals of remote pasture keeping - 965 g versus 919 g - ofanimals of year-round keeping in a fenced area (by 46 g, Р> 0.95) , in terms of growth energy – by 0.9% (Р>0.95). A comparative assessment of housing technologies for bulls of Aberdeen-Angus breed in economic and technological conditions of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic showed higher growth parameters in the conditions of distant-mountain keeping compared to year-round keeping in a fenced area.
AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA
Authors:   National Research Mordovian State University, Kargin V.I. , Ivanova N.N. ,   National Research Mordovian State University, Neyaskin N. N. ,   National Research Mordovian State University,   State Center of Agrochemical Service "Mordovskiy"
Published: April 2023

The global nature of anthropogenic activity leads to profound and in some cases irreversible changes in biogeochemical cycles. The purpose of the work is to monitor the soils of the Republic of Mordovia. Initial parameters of the studied soils were used as a reference standard,in its relation the state of the soil cover was assessed.Mordovskiy State Center of Agrochemical Service has been conducting a system of regular observations on reference plots on the territory of the republic since 1993. They are located in different natural and climatic zones and reflect natural and climatic features of the main soil types. Organic matter accumulates on the soil surface and all upper horizons in the process of soil formation. For different soil types, there is a different ratio of the processes of supply of plant and animal residues and the processes of their transformation, and different intensity of these processes. The weighed mean content of humus was 7.6%, dark gray forest soils - 5.4%, gray forest soils - 3.9% and on alluvial soils - 4.7% on leached and podzolized black soils of the Republic of Mordovia. Soil samples of all soiltypes were taken in early spring before the start of spring field work (continuous survey), the results of their analyzesallow to assess their available nitrogen. Black soils and dark gray forest soils of the Republic of Mordovia are generally characterized by favorable physical and chemical properties: slightly acidic - close to neutral reaction of the medium, a relatively high amount of absorbed bases. Agrochemical properties of gray forest and soddy-podzolic soils worsen compared to those mentioned above. The content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium in the studied soils varies from low to very high, being average in most areas. Their content is determined not only by the soiltype, but also by soilcultivation state and application of mineral fertilizers.