bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risks of road accidents in Irkutsk region
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Timofeeva Svetlana S. , Timofeev Semen S. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Taskaev Aleksey А. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the issue of road safety. The aim is to analyze the accident rate on the roads of rkutsk region and assess the risk of road traffic accidents (RTA). The research is based on statistical data. A comparative analysis of the risks of road accidents and the risks of death of road users is carried out. The risk of death in accidents is higher in Slyudyanka district than in Irkutsk region, which is due to the complex route and mountainous areas. The damage caused by road traffic accidents is increasing every year.
PERFORMANCE CAPTURING PENCHAK SILAT MOVEMENT AS A REFERENCE STUDY FOR CONTENT CREATORS
Authors: Sasongko Hario
Published: January 2021

Content creators like flmmakers, comic artists, designers or animators, are always wanted to be inspired. Some researched have found that a theme that will never be dried out to explore is the theme about culture. The beauty but deadly characteristic of Penchak Silat could be one of Indonesian unique cultural wealth with great potential as a source for any creative content. But animating or mimicking the movement of Penchak Silat is not an easy task for animators or any content creators, it requires deeper on both pieces of knowledge of motion and self-defense itself, which sometimes can only be understood by someone who spent their life trained in this martial art. This paper method is a documented experiment of using motion capture as a quantitative tool which complements the often qualitative approaches of user observations to study captured movements of Penchak Silat in the form of digital data. In this research a real Penchak Silat practitioner were set of tasks to performed jurus or Penchak Silat codifed movements. The motions of the research subjects were captured by a set of simple motion capture device with four PlayStation cameras. The data recorded through the motion capture system were translated into a rigged 3D model. Conclusions were drawn on the potential use of motion capture tool that can gain beneft to any content creator, based on the accuracy of the body mechanics and complexity of Penchak Silat movements that’s been recorded. Another goal is to provide a ready to use reference for animators, enabling them to bring easier and more eﬀective workﬂows in animation production.
Analisa Perbandingan Strategi Visual Iklan Brand Marketplace Bukalapak dan Tokopedia
Authors: Akbar Azdin
Published: January 2021

In the social media era that has become part of life of today's society makes buying and selling activity through online media also become a commonplace. People are getting more comfortable making transactions through online media. The rise of online marketplace that sprung became an evidence that many people nowadays have no doubt selling or shopping on the internet. This research aims to study the visual strategy of BukaLapak and Tokopedia advertising campaigns. This study used the method of content analysis by collecting uploaded BukaLapak and Tokopedia video ads in their social media, especially Youtube channel. This study analyzes the visual strategies applied by BukaLapak and Tokopedia. The data collected are in the form of visual advertising campaign within the specified period of time. This research is expected to show how is the correlation between visual strategy used and its impact on user engagement on BukaLapak and Tokopedia Youtube channel.
Perlindungan Hukum Pemegang Hak Cipta atas Film Impor
Authors: Wasita Agus
Published: January 2021

Since the enforcement of Law No. 19 Year 2002 on Copyright, in particular film businessmen greatly expect that the government may protect the holders of copyright on films, either domestic produced films or imported films against the practice of film pirating. To improve effectively the protection of copyright, since 29th day of July 2003, the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Right (HAKI) of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights has appealed shopping centers not to provide any single place for businessmen to sell pirated goods. But the appeal looks running ineffectively, because no legal force being imposed to provide certainty, however the Directorate General of HAKI of the Ministry of Justice and HAM (Human Rights) issued threatening of criminal sanction or civil compensation if the Mall/Plaza management still make any violation on the provisions of prohibition to provide any single place for selling the pirated goods. The arising loss resulted from film pirating actually not only suffers a financial loss for the film businessmen but also the state in this case procured from the tax sector. According to Kompas, the state at least suffered financial loss of 11 trillion as from 2005 procured from value added tax which should be levied by the state of film and song sales. additional information this business scale of pirated films may achieve the turnover of Rupiah billions weekly. It can be imagined what will be made by the perpetrators of film pirating in order that their illegal businesses are not disrupted. However, since the 80s the issue on law enforcement, particularly in upholding and handling the copyright has never been seriously handed and completed. The issue on both parallel import and violation of Law No. 8 of 1992 likewise, especially with regard to the obligation to censor film can not be handled appropriately. Meanwhile, the holders of copyright great do hope the police institution may directly arrest the perpetrators of pirating and processes them until filing claims. But apparently from the cases handled, which may further be processed until filing the claims are some of them only. By virtue of above illustration, the prominent issue to be discussed in this writing is ineffectiveness of legal enforcement of the state against the holders of copyright of imported films. It is alleged for insufficient statutory regulations to solve the complicated problems, obscure rule of games and the officers of legal institution weakly apply the law enforcement.
Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Gerai Makanan Cepat Saji Ditinjau dari Kualitas Produk, Persepsi Harga dan Iklan
Authors: Harwani Yuli , Fauziyah Fauziyah
Published: January 2021

Western fast food restaurant recently becoming a solution in providing meal service for those who are busy, especially for workers, students. Fastfood considered favored for the decent taste and price. This study aims to investigate the customers’ decision on purchasing the product that is much affected by the product quality, perception on price and also advertisments. The data analysis is done for 170 closed questionaire form the McDonalds booth in Jakarta Barat using convience sampling method. The result of descriptive analysis showed that most of the customer visiting the booth is female, students and college students and in between the age of 15-21 years old. The data analysis method and the hypotheses test are utilized by Smart-PLS (Partial Least Square) to find out predictive linear relationship among the variables studied. The testing method is utilizing the Measurement Model (Outer Model) and structural model (inner model). Latent variable relationship test result indicates that prime decision on purchasing is significantly affected by perception on price. In addition, the product quality followed by advertising is significantly affected consumer purchasing decisions.
Pengelolaan Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) Berdasarkan Sistem Zonasi di SMP Negeri 1 Mlonggo Jepara
Authors: Rohmah Sheila , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Pamungkas Fanzal
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya kesulitan calon peserta didik baru untuk mendaftar sekolah di beberapa SMP Mlonggo Jepara. Salah satu sekolah yang sudah menerapkan PPDB online adalah SMP Negeri 1 Mlonggo Jepara. Keunggulan SMP Negeri 1 Mlonggo Jepara diantaranya adanya minat yang tinggi dari calon peserta didik, sarana dan prasarana lengkap dan memadai, tim IT yang proesional, letak sekolah strategis sehingga mudah dijangkau oleh transportasi umum. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengelolaan PPDB berdasarkan sistem zonasi yang meliputi: 1) perencanaan, 2) pengorganisasian, 3) pelaksanaan, 4) pengawasan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Informan terdiri dari kepala sekolah, ketua panitia PPDB, dan peserta didik baru. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) perencanaan kegiatan PPDB dilakukan sesuai juknis dari pemerintah, 2) pengorganisasian PPDB dilakukan pasca pembentukan panitia PPDB dan panitia PPDB dipilih berdasarkan pendidik dan tenaga pendidik yang mengusai ICT, 3) pelaksanaan PPDB dilakukan secara online mandiri dan offline, 4) pengawasan PPDB dilakukan kepala sekolah dan panitia PPDB. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pengelolaan PPDB dilaksanakan sesuai dengan juknis dari pemerintah, pendaftaran dilakukan secara online dan offline serta memberikan pelayanan yang prima kepada masyarakat.
Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Using Social Media Data: Performance Evaluation of Machine-Learning Models
Authors: Andy Anietie U , Guntuku Sharath C , Adusumalli Srinath , Asch David A , Groeneveld Peter W , Ungar Lyle H , Merchant Raina M
Published: January 2021

Background

Current atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) predictive models have limitations; thus, efforts are underway to improve the discriminatory power of ASCVD models.

Objective

We sought to evaluate the discriminatory power of social media posts to predict the 10-year risk for ASCVD as compared to that of pooled cohort risk equations (PCEs).

Methods

We consented patients receiving care in an urban academic emergency department to share access to their Facebook posts and electronic medical records (EMRs). We retrieved Facebook status updates up to 5 years prior to study enrollment for all consenting patients. We identified patients (N=181) without a prior history of coronary heart disease, an ASCVD score in their EMR, and more than 200 words in their Facebook posts. Using Facebook posts from these patients, we applied a machine-learning model to predict 10-year ASCVD risk scores. Using a machine-learning model and a psycholinguistic dictionary, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, we evaluated if language from posts alone could predict differences in risk scores and the association of certain words with risk categories, respectively.

Results

The machine-learning model predicted the 10-year ASCVD risk scores for the categories <5%, 5%-7.4%, 7.5%-9.9%, and ≥10% with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.78, 0.57, 0.72, and 0.61, respectively. The machine-learning model distinguished between low risk (<10%) and high risk (>10%) with an AUC of 0.69. Additionally, the machine-learning model predicted the ASCVD risk score with Pearson r=0.26. Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, patients with higher ASCVD scores were more likely to use words associated with sadness (r=0.32).

Conclusions

Language used on social media can provide insights about an individual’s ASCVD risk and inform approaches to risk modification.
Assessment of Gap-Filling Interpolation Methods for Identifying Mangrove Trends at Segara Anakan in 2015 by using Landsat 8 OLI and Proba-V
Authors: Arjasakusuma Sanjiwana , Pratama Abimanyu Putra , Lestari Intan
Published: January 2021

The existence and services of mangrove ecosystems in Segara Anakan are threatened by changes in land use on land and global warming, which requires proper and intensive monitoring. The monitoring of mangrove and its trend over large areas can be done using multi-temporal remote sensing technology. However, remote sensing data is often contaminated by cloud cover, and its corresponding shadow resulted in missing data. This study aims to assess the performance of the existed gap-filling techniques, such as, linear, spline, stineman,  data interpolation Empirical Orthogonal Function (dineof) and spatial downscaling strategy employing the Proba-V imagery in 100 m, when being used for estimating the missing data and depicting the trend in NDVI from Landsat 8 OLI by using Mann-Kendall test. Our result suggested that EOF-based interpolation gave better prediction results and more accurate in predicting longer missing data. Linear interpolation, on the other hand, was accurate to predict shorter missing data. Overall, all interpolation results can reconstruct 64 (spline) to 72 % (dineof) of missing data in NDVI with the RMSE of 0.10 (dineof) – 0.13 (spline). A consistent decreasing trend was also found from the four interpolation methods, which showed the consistency of the interpolated values when used for deriving trends with similar patterns of overall decreasing trend and magnitude of changes of -0.0095 to -0.0099 (NDVI unit) over the mangrove areas in 2015. The result demonstrated the potential ability of gap-filling methods for simulating the value of missing data and for deriving trends.
High Resolution Remote Sensing Data Application to Assess Parking Space in Urban Area
Authors: Suharyadi Suharyadi , Hidayati Iswari Nur
Published: January 2021

The increase population in a large city such as Yogyakarta has caused an increase in the number of cars. The large number of cars created another problem of limited parking space in the city. Currently, there is a lack of a spatial approach to solve the problem of parking space. With the availability of high-resolution remote sensing data, the business area in the city can be mapped accurately. This study aims to map the business zone in Yogyakarta City and to estimate the needs of parking space for trade, service, and education centers in Yogyakarta City using remote sensing imagery. The business zone really needs a parking area because many people as producers for loading goods and consumers buy at these stores. The method used to estimate the vehicle parking space requirement is a combination of field surveys and the interpretation of remote sensing images. The field survey was used to obtain the characteristics of the visitors, and the volume of filled parking space. Meanwhile, remote sensing imagery was used to obtain spatial data of land use. The parking requirements of commercial buildings are 2.25-3.15 spaces per 100 m2, offices are 1.0-1.60 spaces per 100 m2, hotels are 0.25-0.35 spaces for each sleeping room, theaters are 0.06 spaces for every seat, hospitals are 0.60 spaces for each bed, and schools are 0.10 space for every student. This paper demonstrated the use of remote sensing to solve urban vehicle problems, and such information can be used for city planning.
The malfunction of a double-base propellant gas generator
Authors: Bogusz Rafał , Wolszakiewicz Tomasz
Published: January 2021

The paper presents results of research aimed at determining the cause leading to the malfunction of a double base gas generator. For the purposes of this work, gas generator charges and combustion chambers were intentionally damaged in order to replicate failure conditions. Damage to the inhibitor covering the gas generator and contamination in the combustion chamber, was simulated. The damaged charges and chambers were subjected to ballistic tests.
Estimating the consequences of an explosion on critical infrastructure
Authors: Papliński Andrzej
Published: January 2021

The study is an analysis estimating the threat arising from the detonation products of a condensed explosive on the physical environment. It presents an analysis of fundamental detonation properties such as detonation height and Mach wave formation, related to their loading effects on critical infrastructure. Analytical equations as well as modelling were investigated to predict the effects of explosive loading on surroundings and people. Comparisons were made between the results from calculations with those of the equations, based on approximated experimental data. It was concluded that when applying the JWL equation of state to the reaction products of TNT, good agreement was obtained between modeling and experimental results for the detonation energy derived with the aid of thermodynamic calculations.
Kecerdasan moral ditinjau dari perbedaan pola asuh pada siswa SMA
Authors: Manurung Yulinda Septiani , Bili Lete Antoneta Fransiska , Nababan Mega Yuni Asri , Ampow Abigail Christine
Published: January 2021

Objektif:Saat ini banyak peserta didik kurang memperlihatkan perilaku yang baik berhubungan dengan kecerdasan moral. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kecerdasan moral adalah pola asuh orang tua. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk melihat hubungan antara pola asuh demokratis, otoriter dan permisif terhadap kecerdasan moral.Metode:Subyek penelitian sebanyak 177 siswa SMA Cahaya Medan  dengan metode proportionate stratified random sampling. Data penelitian disatukan menggunakan skala kecerdasan moral dan skala pola asuh. Data dianalisis dengan memakai korelasi analisis regresi linear berganda melalui bantuan SPSS 23 for Windows.Temuan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan yang positif antara pola asuh demokratis dengan kecerdasan moral dengan nilai sig. 0. 040 (p < 0.05), pola asuh otoriter dan kecerdasan moral dengan nilai sig. 0.167 (p > 0.05), pola asuh permisif dengan kecerdasan moral dengan nilai sig. 0.570 (p > 0.05). Uji asumsi terdiri dari uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas, uji autokorelasi, uji heteroskedastisitas. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa sumbangan efektif pola asuh terhadap kecerdasan moral sebesar 2,7%, selebihnya 97,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti.Kesimpulan:Hipotesis penelitian diterima.
Remaja perempuan yang menikah melalui perjodohan: Studi fenomenologis tentang penyesuaian diri
Authors: Fadhli Yusandi Rezki
Published: January 2021

Abstrak. Perjodohan (arranged marriages) adalah suatu pernikahan yang diatur oleh orang tua atau kerabat dekat untuk pasangan, dan biasanya dilakukan pada perempuan remaja akhir yang nantinya akan memerlukan banyak penyesuaian setelah menikah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendesripsikan secara utuh gambaran penyesuaian diri yang dialami oleh perempuan yang menikah di usia remaja akhir khususnya individu yang dijodohkan dengan calon suaminya. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 2 porang perempuan yang menikah pada usia remaja akhir melalui proses perjodohan. Tekinik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian in adalah teknik purposive sampling. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologis yang dilakukan melalui wawancara langsung dengan subjek. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa subjek memiliki penyesuaian diri baik terhadap pernikahan yang dijalani meskipun pernikahan tersebut merupakan pilihan orangtua dan bukan keinginan sendiri (perjodohan). Penelitian ini dapat bermanfat bagi subjek dan pembaca untuk mengevaluasi pernikahan yang mereka jalani.Kata kunci: penyesuaian diri, Remaja akhir, Perjodohan
Hubungan Masalah Perilaku Internalisasi dan Eksternalisasi Dengan Tingkat Kecerdasan Pada Remaja Di Kota Bandung
Authors: Zulnida Eka Fauziyya
Published: January 2021

Abstrak. Masa remaja merupakan masa transisi.Banyak perubahan-perubahan pada individu baik secara biologis, kognitif, emosi, dan sosial. Perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi membuat remaja rentan mengalami masalah-masalah perilaku seperti perilaku internalisasi dan eksternalisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan hubungan antara masalah perilaku internalisasi dan perilaku eksternalisasi dengan tingkat kecerdasan pada remaja. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 150 remaja berusia 13 - 18 tahundi Kota Bandung. Data dikumpulkan menggunakanChild Behavior Checklist (CBCL) dan Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masalah perilaku internalisasi berkorelasi negatif dengan kecerdasan (r=0.169, p=0.01), yang berarti remaja dengan tingkat kecerdasan tinggi, ditemukan sedikit menunjukkan masalah perilaku internalisasi. Sebaliknya, remaja dengan tingkat kecerdasan rendah, ditemukan banyak menunjukkan masalah perilaku internalisasi. Masalah perilaku eksternalisasi remaja tidak memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat kecerdasannya.
Peran taman baca masyarakat Pagon Sinau dalam edukasi literasi anak di Dusun Jayan
Authors: Purwanto Aris , Lestari Sri
Published: January 2021

Objektif: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan peran edukasi literasi yang dilakukan oleh TBM Panggon Sinau kepada anak-anak.Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif studi kasus yang datanya dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini melibatkan pengurus IMM,  pengelola TBM Panggon Sinau, pemerintah Dusun, orang tua. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Keabsahan data dicapai dengan triangulasi.Temuan: Hasil penelitian menunjukan edukasi literasi anak dilakukan melalui penyediaan sarana prasarana serta berbagai macam kegiatan untuk meningkatkan minat baca anak, masyarakat memaknai positif kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh taman baca masyarakat bagi anak-anak mereka.Kesimpulan: Keberadaan TBM mampu membangun sikap kolektifitas masyarakat untuk sadar akan pentingnya membaca. Hambatan yang dialami TBM berkaitan dengan kurangnya peran pemerintah dalam pengembangan TBM serta minimnya pengetahuan terkait pengadministrasian taman baca.
Studi meta analisis: Efektivitas progressive muscle relaxation untuk menurunkan kecemasan orang dengan penderita penyakit kronis.
Authors: Fadillah Nur , Yudiarso Ananta
Published: January 2021

Objektif: Kecemasan sering terjadi oleh siapapun, terutama yang memiliki riwayat penyakit akan memiliki tingkat kecemasan yang lebih tinggi. Progressive muscle relaxation merupakan salah satu pengobatan non farmakologis yang dapat digunakan untuk menurunkan kecemasan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas progressive muscle relaxation dalam menurunkan kecemasan. Metode: Menggunakan meta-analysis berupa review literatur 14 jurnal penelitian internasional. Total partisipan sebanyak 1.022 yang terdiri dari kelompok kontrol sebesar 516 dan kelompok eksperimen sebesar 506. Analisis data menggunakan website Meta-mar. Peneliti menggunakan pedoman dari PRISMA dan MARS.Temuan: Dengan menggunakan analisis statistik cohen’s d effect size, diperoleh hasil pengolahan data yaitu mean (M), standar deviasi (SD), dan sample size (N) menghasilkan effect size dengan menggunakan random effect dengan Hedges'g sebesar 0.81, 95%CI=0,224 sampai 1.401 dengan nilai Inconsistency (I2)= 94,5%. yang berarti bahwa progressive muscle relaxation memiliki efek yang besar untuk menurunkan kecemasan.Kesimpulan: Progressive muscle relaxation memberikan efek yang besar dalam menurunkan kecemasan.
Bahagia tanpa anak? Arti penting anak bagi involuntary childless
Authors: Patnani Miwa , Takwin Bagus , Mansoer Winarini Wilman
Published: January 2021

Objektif: Studi empiris tentang dampak ketidakhadiran anak dalam perkawinan menunjukkan hasil berbeda yang diasumsikan berkaitan dengan perbedaan arti penting anak bagi tiap pasangan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui arti penting anak dan pengaruhnya pada perkawinan pasangan involuntary childless.Metode: Pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi digunakan dengan metode pengambilan data berupa wawancara secara individual. Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 9 orang dengan kriteria involuntary childless, sudah menikah minimal selama 3 tahun dan belum pernah memiliki anak kandung. Analisis data dilakukan dengan interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)Temuan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kehadiran anak masih dianggap sebagai hal yang penting dalam perkawinan karena dianggap sebagai pemberian dari Tuhan, memberikan dampak positif pada kehidupan, memberikan manfaat bagi orangtua, dan memberi dampak positif pada pasangan suami istri.Kesimpulan: Nilai anak masih dipandang secara positif karena dinilai memberikan banyak manfaat, sehingga ketidakhadiran anak mempengaruhi perkawinan pasangan involuntary childless. Namun pasangan involuntary childless mampu melihat sisi positif dari ketidakhadiran anak sehingga tetap menilai perkawinannya sebagai perkawinan yang membahagiakan.
Agronomic performance of Raphanus sativus L. cultivars grown under different spacings
Authors: Alvim Jorgeana Francis , Lopes Sobrinho Oswaldo , Cantanhede Erika Kássia , Pereira Alvaro Itaúna , Silva Valdelânia , Santos Leonardo
Published: January 2021

An ideal spacing between plants should be established for the optimization of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) crops since the plant spatial distribution of plants affects the crop yield.  This study was conducted aiming to evaluate the agronomic performance of radish cultivars grown under different spacings. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Field of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Maranhão, in Codó, MA, Brazil, from June to July 2017. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five replications, using a 2×2 factorial arrangement. The factors consisted of 2 cultivars (Sparkler Ponta Branca and Saxa) and 2 spacings between plants (5 and 8cm), totaling 20 experimental plots. Data were collected in  6  plants from each experimental plot. The agronomic parameters: total fresh weight (TFW), root fresh weight (RFW), root mean diameter (RMD), root means length (RML), and root yield (RY) of the radish plants were evaluated. The factors (cultivars and spacing between plants) had no significant effect on TFW, RFW, RML, and RMD. The spacing between plants has a significant effect on the yield of radish crops of the cultivar Saxa, and higher yields are found when using the spacing of 5cm.
Multiple mechanisms in which agricultural insects respond to environmental stressors: canalization, plasticity and evolution
Authors: Gutiérrez Yeisson
Published: January 2021

Insects are a paramount component of biodiversity in terms of taxonomic richness, ecological functions and ecosystem services. However, many human activities have negative consequences on such organisms, causing changes in their morphology, physiology, behaviour, and even causing mass deaths leading to the well-recognized insect decline phenomenon. Although the effects of some environmental stressors (e.g. global warming and pesticides) on insect biology are fairly well understood, there is a plethora of stressors that that have only recently been considered. Additionally, although the exposure to multiple stressors is a common scenario in natural conditions, our knowledge on insect responses in this regard is still incipient. Knowledge that is in much need to inform policy makers in the fight against global change. Here, a short review on prominent environmental stressors, and the known responses that insects may exhibit, which are summarized as canalization, plasticity and evolution is provided. Furthermore, an outlook and recommendation for future studies aiming to elucidate the effects of environmental stressors (both lone and mixed) on insect biology is given. This manuscript advocates for controlled (lab or semi-field) manipulative experiments that implement realistic environmental conditions and that ideally combine several stressors.
CONHECIMENTO TRADICIONAL DOS PESCADORES ARTESANAIS SOBRE OS PARASITOS DE PEIXES DO RIO JAGUARIPE, BAHIA, NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Dantas Dalila Costa , Tavechio Washington Luiz Gomes , Guidelli Gislaine
Published: January 2021

A etnoparasitologia é uma área de estudo que relaciona-se diretamente com a etnoecologia uma vez que, por definição, o parasitismo é considerado uma das relações simbióticas entre seres vivos. A ictioparasitologia pode ser estudada sob este prisma, avaliando-se o modo como as populações ribeirinhas compreendem as doenças parasitárias dos animais dos quais dependem para sua subsistência. Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar o conhecimento tradicional de pescadores dos municípios de Nazaré e Jaguaripe, Bahia, que realizam pesca no Rio Jaguaripe, sobre as interações peixes-parasitos, visando observar a percepção da ocorrência de parasitos, da influência desses organismos sobre os peixes, da dinâmica do parasitismo (sazonalidade, ciclo de vida) e da relação dos parasitos de peixes com o ser humano e com possíveis zoonoses. A seleção dos pescadores deu-se por amostragem tipo bola de neve e a coleta de dados por meio de questionário aberto e semiestruturado. Foram entrevistados 27 pescadores sendo os dados analisados qualitativamente e quantitativamente. Os resultados obtidos de ambas as comunidades apontam para um conhecimento de pelo menos dois grupos zoológicos de parasitos: Crustacea e Nematoda. Indicam reconhecimento de aspectos como sazonalidade, patologias e biologia parasitária. Também demonstrou que os pescadores percebem parasitos principalmente daqueles peixes de interesse comercial e não consideram a possibilidade de parasitos de peixes causarem doenças em humanos.
Os frutos selvagens: etnocentrismo e æntropia em Lévi-Strauss
Authors: Macedo Eric Silva
Published: January 2021

Em Tristes Trópicos, Lévi-Strauss faz uma analogia entre a civilização ocidental e a monocultura de beterrabas; a imagem contrasta com a quantidade e diversidade de sabores tropicais descritos no livro, análogo a uma diversidade cultural ainda visível nas Américas. A partir desta oposição, buscamos refletir sobre as forças de homogeneização e heterogeneização que estariam presentes nas relações entre as sociedades humanas, segundo o modelo de progresso descrito pelo autor em “Raça e História”. O objetivo é compreender o papel que o conceito de etnocentrismo desempenha nesta proposta, em seu desenvolvimento em “Raça e Cultura” e na obra de Lévi-Strauss de maneira geral.
Mulheres indígenas, ensino superior e colonialidade de gênero
Authors: Ruano-Ibarra Elizabeth del Socorro , Oliveira Victoria Miranda da Gama
Published: January 2021

A partir das narrativas de mulheres indígenas no ensino superior, refletimos sobre as suas vivências de múltipla discriminação: pela sua etnia, por serem mulheres, jovens e carentes. Objetivamos salientar as especificidades dos empecilhos enfrentados por essas mulheres para efetivar o direito à educação. A análise toma como referencial as políticas de cotas, a colonialidade de gênero, o racismo institucional e os feminismos. Optamos por uma abordagem mista para a coleta dos dados analisados, que se apoiou na realização de entrevistas, na análise documental e na observação participante. Destacamos a riqueza analítica do pensamento das mulheres indígenas brasileiras, sobretudo, no tocante aos desdobramentos do patriarcado e do racismo institucional enquanto barreiras estruturais à garantia efetiva de direitos.
Obstáculos na ‘Pista Livre’: Algumas Considerações sobre a Pragmática dos Dispositivos da ‘Lei do Trânsito’ no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Werneck Alexandre Vieira
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste texto é analisar alguns dispositivos sensíveis do que chamo de lei do trânsito, a lógica moral efetivamente operada pelos envolvidos nos deslocamentos do trânsito na cidade do Rio de Janeiro – e que se coordena e/ou muitas vezes entra em conflito com a lei de trânsito, normatividade oficial destinada a regrar esse cenário. A pesquisa consistiu em um ano de observação etnográfica móvel em deslocamentos por automóvel pela cidade, observando-se in loco as interações entre vários tipos de unidades móveis (automóveis, motocicletas, bicicletas, pedestres etc.) e privilegiou uma observação radicalmente compreensiva desse mundo, a fim de descrever sua pragmática em seus próprios termos. Com isso, percebeu-se um conjunto de comportamentos fundados em um engajamento ao mesmo tempo variante (passando-se de uma a outra) e misto (coordenando-se entre si) entre três formas: um engajamento no plano; um engajamento exploratório; e aquilo que aqui denomino engajamento circunstancial. O plano é representado por um conjunto de comportamentos visando se chegar a um destino, e em relação ao qual outros elementos desse cenário são tratados como obstáculos a serem evitados. A atividade exploratória determina um fluxo tateante entre crítica industrial (a lei de trânsito não é realista) e crítica inspirada (o outro “não sabe dirigir”, isto é, não é hábil e criativo para desviar dos obstáculos e não se tornar um). E o engajamento circunstancial pressupõe uma coordenação com o mundo e os outros em termos das contingências à medida que aparecem.
Operários da firma: mundo do trabalho no mundo do crime
Authors: Lyra Diogo
Published: January 2021

O objetivo desse artigo é explorar as dimensões simbólicas de um mercado de trabalho bastante singular, as práticas que o constituem são penalmente tipificadas como tráfico de drogas. Entretanto, para um grupo restrito de garotos pobres, essas atividades também são percebidas como âmbitos laborais e, portanto, dotadas de alguma legitimidade. O interesse do artigo é problematizar o tema das fronteiras entre o legal e o ilegal, em especial a relação entre tráfico e trabalho, a partir de uma reflexão sobre as narrativas de alguns jovens traficantes do Rio de Janeiro.
KHOTARI, Ashish; SALLEH, Ariel; ESCOBAR, Arturo; DEMARIA, Federico; ACOSTA, Alberto. Pluriverse: a post-development dictionary. Nova Delhi: Tulika Books, 2019.
Authors: Assunção Viviane Kraieski de , Amaro Andréia Gimenes
Published: January 2021

Resenha da obra Pluriverse: a post-development dictionary, de Ashish Khotari, Ariel Salleh, Arturo Escobar; Federico Demaria e Alberto Acosta. A coletânea reúne mais de 100 verbetes de autores, escolhidos e convidados por serem pesquisadores e/ou ativistas engajados com lutas e movimentos sociais do Sul global, e comprometidos com uma perspectiva decolonial e crítica das estruturas do sistema capitalista, da modernidade ocidental e do patriarcado. A partir dessa linha, o livro propõe uma compilação de conceitos, visões de mundo e práticas que se opõem à ontologia eurocêntrica universalista, apresentando alternativas transformadoras para os processos atualmente dominantes de desenvolvimento globalizado.
Comportamento parlamentar e financiamento de campanha: o caso do rompimento da barragem em Mariana
Authors: Resende Roberta Carnelos , Marques Schaefer Bruno Marques , Epitácio Sara De Sousa Fernandes , Barbosa Tiago Alexandre Leme
Published: January 2021

O artigo centra-se nos efeitos que a ocorrência de desastres socioambientais exerce sobre a ação política dos parlamentares. Nosso objetivo é analisar o comportamento parlamentar em um momento crítico, qual seja, o desastre da barragem de Fundão, operada pela Samarco/Vale/BHP. Busca-se, especificamente, responder a duas questões: o que os deputados federais propuseram acerca do desastre, e se tais iniciativas se relacionam às doações de campanha. Para tanto, analisamos as propostas legislativas apresentadas pelos deputados federais, entre 05 novembro de 2015, data de ocorrência do desastre, e 31 de dezembro de 2018. Constatamos que a maioria dos deputados com alto nível de financiamento da Samarco se abstiveram de apresentar proposições acerca do desastre. Os parlamentares com atuação contrária à empresa são oriundos principalmente dos estados atingidos pelo desastre (Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo), o que sinaliza para atuação no sentido de prestação de contas a seus eleitores.
Populismo, polarização política e a pandemia do coronavírus: Donald Trump e a opinião pública nos Estados Unidos
Authors: Morais Jennifer Azambuja de , Vieira Costa Andressa Liegi , Bernardi Ana Julia Bonzanini
Published: January 2021

O enfrentamento à pandemia da Covid-19 não está somente em medidas como o isolamento social e investimento massivo na saúde pública, mas também no combate a notícias falsas e discursos que minimizam a seriedade da doença. Nos EUA, o discurso populista do presidente Donald Trump, que muitas vezes contraria as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde, pode estar refletindo nas estatísticas da doença, visto que é o país com os maiores números de contaminados e de mortes. Sabendo que uma das principais consequências do discurso populista é a polarização de opiniões, este artigo tem como objetivo verificar a formação da opinião pública sobre a Covid-19 nos EUA a partir dos posicionamentos de Trump. Parte-se da hipótese de que a polarização gerada pelo populismo de direita do presidente está afetando a forma como as pessoas reagem às medidas de restrição, criando opiniões divergentes sobre a gravidade do novo coronavírus. Os dados analisados demonstram uma polarização mais do que política entre os dois grupos, tendo efeitos sobre como os dois grupos percebem a pandemia de Covid-19.
Apresentação
Authors: Possenti Sírio
Published: January 2021

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The role of culture on the adoption of International Standards on Auditing in the developing countries: An institutional perspective
Authors: Eltweri Ahmed , Faccia Alessio , Cavaliere Luigi Pio Leonardo
Published: January 2021

This paper examines the role played by the culture on the adoption of the International Standards on Auditing (referred to as ISA henceforth) that intends to stimulate establishing an efficient auditing regime in Libyan auditing practice. The current research conducted interviews with 43 participants across five Libyan key stakeholders in the auditing environment. The methodology employed was in line with the relevant literature and it serves to achieve the aims and to answer the questions of this study (Ménacère, 2016). Institutional isomorphism produces a greater impact on Libya accounting and auditing practices (Phillips & Jiao, 2016). Therefore, this study examines that the cultural factor systematically and consistently assesses the level of ISA adoption, commitment, and associated harmonisation. Given the growing interest in harmonising the auditing practice, not only by scholars but also by policy and decision-makers, this study is aimed at contributing to improve and develop an under-researched topic in Africa, by expanding the literature on the importance of harmonising auditing practices. It also provides fresh insights into auditing practices in a politically unstable country. Awareness is also raised about other relevant drivers of adopting ISA.
A Terror to the People: The Evolution of an Outlaw Gang in the Lower Midwest
Authors: Mills Randy
Published: January 2021

The details of the heretofore unexamined Reeves Gang may serve as an important case study of violence and lawlessness in the Lower Midwest in the decades following the Civil War. Unlike the “social bandits” such as the Jesse James and Dalton Gangs of the Middle Border region, most outlaw gangs made little attempt to get along with locals. These groups ruled by fear and typically fell afoul of vigilante hangings and shootings— a one-act play, if you will. The Reeves Gang, the focus of this study, would come to be atypical, their tale turning into a three-act play, moving from petty crime to more sophisticated criminal activities, and then to an attempted life of normalcy. Though now long forgotten, several instances of the Reeves Gang’s violent activities, as well as their eventual capture, were to be found in newspapers across the nation at the time.
Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer
Authors: Joyce Daniel , Schwarz Roderich E.
Published: January 2021

Cancers of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) remain challenging malignancies to treat effectively. The GEJ represents the transition between esophagus and stomach, and approaching GEJ cancers as “esophageal” or as “gastric” cancers, a priori will run risk for excluding some more appropriate therapeutic options based on actual location. Gastroesophageal junction cancers are increasing in incidence, in particular at the distal esophageal and gastric cardia locations. They may be discovered in an early stage on upper GI endoscopy, but when presenting with dysphagia symptoms they are often of more advanced stage. Endoscopic resection options are limited to non-ulcerated T1 lesions, and surgical resection as only therapy is accepted for nodal-negative T1 or T2 disease. All other mid-stage GEJ cancers should be considered for multimodality therapy and should undergo a formal and complete multidisciplinary evaluation process before any therapy is started. While the proper approach remains debated, most often trimodality therapy with preoperative chemoradiation followed by resection is being offered, as it offers the greatest likelihood for complete pathologic response and survival benefit but requires a shorter preoperative treatment duration. Perioperative chemotherapy remains acceptable as well, based on the patient’s tolerance for related toxicity. The Siewert classification with 3 subtypes of GEJ cancers, based on the relationship of the tumor’s epicenter to the gastric cardia, remains useful for planning resection approach and extent as well as reconstruction technique. Type I (proximal GEJ) tumors require esophageal resection with mediastinal and retrogastric lymphadenectomy; reconstruction most often involves a gastric tube pull-up. Type III (distal GEJ) lesions are gastric cancers that require total or proximal gastrectomy with D2 dissection; reconstruction often utilizes Roux-Y esophagojejunostomy, but may include small bowel interposition for proximal gastrectomy too. Best approaches to type II lesions (of the cardia) remain debated; complete resection through esophagectomy (as type I) or transhiatal esophagogastrectomy (as in type III with appropriate proximal extension) remain acceptable, as long as complete resection and proper extent lymphadenectomy are performed. Minimally invasive approaches (versus open), patient comorbidity, individual tumor extent and surgeon’s experience should determine the best individual choice for operative approach. Surgeons engaging in GEJ cancer care should be familiar with all aspects of multidisciplinary and operative treatment planning, and should be able to offer the most appropriate resection choice for the patient’s best benefit.
This review contains 2 figures, 3 tables, and 100 references.
Key words: adenocarcinoma, gastrectomy, gastroesophageal junction, laproscopy, lymphadenectomy, metastasis, minimally invasive esophagectomy
Gastric Carcinoids and Polyps
Authors: Li George Z. , Clancy Thomas E.
Published: January 2021

Gastric polyps are commonly found on upper endoscopy. With the increasing use of proton pump inhibitors and decreasing incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection, fundic gland polyps are now the most common gastric polyps in Western countries. Most of the other polyps, such as hyperplastic polyps, gastric adenomas, and gastric neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), are strongly associated with the presence of chronic atrophic gastritis, commonly due to either H. pylori infection or autoimmune gastritis. Gastric NETs, previously termed carcinoids, are rare neoplasms that often present as polypoid lesions and can be subcategorized into three subtypes. The most common subtype, type 1, is associated with chronic atrophic gastritis and generally thought to have low malignant potential. Type 2 NETs behave similarly to type I NETs but are specifically associated with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Type 3 NETs are sporadic and highly malignant. All gastric polypoid lesions require histopathologic examination for diagnosis. The key aspect to the management of gastric NETs and other gastric polyps is to determine the malignant potential of the lesion in question. This then informs whether the patient needs removal of additional polyps if multiple, whether the patient needs further endoscopic surveillance, or whether surgery is indicated.

This review contains 5 figures, 5 tables, and 50 references.
Key Words: atrophic gastritis, fundic gland polyp, gastric adenoma, gastric carcinoid, gastric neuroendocrine tumor, gastric polyp, hyperplastic polyp, intestinal metaplasia
Solitary Fibrous Tumors
Authors: Tseng William W , Chopra Shefali , Patel Dakshesh , In Gino K , Ragab Omar , Hu James S , Menendez Lawrence R , Sener Stephen F
Published: January 2021

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are a subtype of soft tissue sarcoma with fibroblastic differentiation. SFTs typically occur in patients between ages 50 and 70 and most commonly develop in the pleural space or abdomen, although they have been described in virtually every body site. Cross-sectional imaging (CT or MRI) is useful to help characterize the tumor, and core-needle biopsy is critical to obtain tissue for diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis is now made by immunohistochemical expression of STAT6, which results from a key genetic aberration (NAB2-STAT6 fusion) recently identified in SFTs. For patients with SFT, surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment. Current data suggest some benefit with adjuvant radiation therapy and systemic therapy; however, further studies are needed. After treatment, surveillance in SFT patients is important, and late recurrences have been reported. Although these tumors are generally indolent, with low metastatic potential, a subset of cases will demonstrate aggressive behavior. Simple risk assessment models have been developed to help predict clinical behavior. Novel predictive biomarkers and disease biology–driven targeted therapy options are needed.
 
This review contains 4 Figures, 2 Tables and 37 references
Key words: cellular angiofibroma, characteristic chromosomal translocation, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, Doege-Potter syndrome, hemangiopericytoma, perineuroma, preoperative angioembolization, schwannoma, solitary fibrous tumors
Pediatric Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Vaughan Nathan A. , Qureshi Faisal G.
Published: January 2021

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in the critically ill patient, including the traumatically injured and postsurgical setting. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) provides an efficacious therapy in the management of AKI. The expanding knowledge of the technique and its challenges have propagated its application to the treatment of critically ill children. RRT utilizes diffusion and convection to manage electrolytes and toxic metabolites to maintain homeostasis. The various components of the dialysis circuit can be arranged to best address the patient’s physiologic derangements during continuous RRT. A knowledge of the anticoagulation management, circuit priming, and dosing in children is required by the intensivist to provide efficacious care. Understanding the technique for venous and peritoneal access facilitates the surgeon to safely provide a means of therapy. Peritoneal dialysis provides a means of therapy when continuous RRT is not available. As with any therapy, the complication profile determines the role of therapy. Comprehension of the associated outcomes with different pediatric pathologies will allow the surgical team to improve patient care.

This review contains 5 figures, 7 tables, and 66 references.
Key Words: acute renal failure, critical care, hemodialysis, pediatric, renal replacement therapy
Regional Therapies for Extremity Sarcoma
Authors: Colombo Chiara , Pasquali Sandro
Published: January 2021

Several regional therapies are used for the local treatment of patients with soft tissue sarcomas (STS), especially for tumors at high risk for local recurrence. Surgery with negative tumor resection margins is the main treatment for primary STS. External-beam radiation therapy is considered for deeply seated, large, and high-grade disease to lower the risk of local recurrence. A combination of preoperative chemo-radiation is associated with improved local control. TNF-α-based isolated limb perfusion is another regional chemotherapy strategy available at specialized surgical oncology units for unresectable STS. Other strategies suitable for management of advanced STS include cryoablation and radiofrequency. This review discusses these and other current regional treatment strategies. 

This review contains 10 figures, 6 tables and 64 references
Key words: cryoablation, extremity, hyperthermia, isolated limb perfusion, limb infusion, radiotherapy, regional therapy, sarcoma