bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diseases and Pests of Fibre Crops: Identification, Treatmentand Management
Authors: Biswas Subrata
Published: April 2023

This book presents a comprehensive knowledge on the diseases and pests of fibre crops, causing economic damage. It covers major disease and pest damages with the methods to combat them in fibre crop cultivations. The diseases and pests are described elaborately, giving emphasis on both morphological and molecular characteristics of pathogens and biology of different insect pests. The latest and most up-to-date knowledge on these aspects which acquired from diverse, complex, contemporary scientific discoveries in the field of fibre crop diseases and pests are compiled and presented in this book. This book is written in eight major chapters, each representing a certain type fibre crop, except for chapter 2 (two) which deals with both Mesta (kenaf) and Roselle for their similarities in disease and insect pest attacks. Each of the eight chapters is again subdivided into 2 or 3 (only for Chapter 2) subchapters to deal with different types of diseases and pests separately. This is a reference book in textbook format which intended to provide undergraduate, postgraduate and research personnel a means to acquire deeper knowledge on diseases and pests of nine major fibre crops, viz., cotton, jute, kenaf, roselle, sunnhemp , sisal, ramie, flax and hemp. Plant pathologists, entomologists and agricultural research scientists, and in academia, may find much of great use in this book.
Dna: A Bridge Between Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Authors: Dhruve J.J.
Published: April 2023

This document is exclusively dedicated to DNA. It explains the secrets of DNA from all corners. Presented in a simple, lucid manner; it will useful to all involved in bioscience. In all it consists 12 chapters, figures, photos and a wholesome glossary of the terms related to DNA.
Elementary Agriculture
Authors: Nainwa Kanchan , Nainwal Navin
Published: April 2023

Education in agriculture is important as this sector caters not only to food security, but also human health. With a major focus on agriculture and to attract youth in agriculture, it is important that the education is made interesting, simple and purposeful. Textbooks are a medium of reaching out to the young minds who are in colleges and universities. The present attempt is a text book on the fundamentals of agriculture, entirely based on the syllabus for educating agricultural graduates and also based on the feedback from students. Chapter 1 describes the history and scope of agriculture, while chapter 2 covers classification of crops. Third chapter includes definitions of soil, soil composition, soil profile, soil development and different properties of soils, and the extent and distribution of the different soil classes of India is given in Chapter 4. The 5th Chapter is aboutclassification of Problem Soils and their distribution and reclamation method. Sixth chapter is on plant nutrition that includes all the functions and deficiency symptoms of plant nutrition and also the classification of nutrients. Fertilizers and manures, and its role in crop production have been dealt in Chapter 7.All aspects of irrigation and rainfed agriculture have been addressed in Chapters 8 and 9, respectively. The 10th Chapter is on Agricultural Engineering that includes implements, tillage, devices and power transmission in enhancement of agricultural productivity. Finally, exemplary Questions-Answers have been included to readily benefit students preparing for competitive examinations.
EVALUATION OF SOME HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATIONS IN SOME VEGETABLES IN KADUNA METROPOLIS
Authors: Obed Bognet
Published: April 2023

This study assessed the levels of heavy metals concentration present in waterleaf (Talinum triangulare) and lettuce from three various farms in an outskirt of Sabon Tarshi within Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna State using Atomic Spectrophotometer. Six (6) samples of waterleaf and lettuce were obtained from 3 farms in the outskirt of Sabon Tarsha. The farms were located closed to industrial areas. Standard method was followed for sample treatment, digestion, and analysis of selected heavy metals: lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), strontium (Sr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and mercury (Hg).The results showed that in waterleaf and lettuce from the three farms, concentration (mg/kg) of heavy metals were: Pb (0.32-18.80), (0.47 -0.85) Cd (0.25-0.57), (0.87-2.61) Cr (0.00-2.16), (0.13-0.57) Ni (4.81-8.30), (0.70-6.30) Co (3.90-6.01), (0.09-0.52), Fe (112.3119.57), (0.09-0.46), Sr (55.20-82.22), (9.35-22.14), Cu (1.83-5.51), (0.58-1.05), Zn (0.02-0.43), (7.88-29.10), Hg (0.00-0.01), (0.00-0.0019). Heavy metals were higher in waterleaf than in lettuce except for Zn. It may be concluded that there is high tendency of exposure to heavy metals by those who consume waterleaf and lettuce in the studied locations since the levels in waterleaf and lettuce from all farms studied generally exceeded the FAO/WHO limits.
MONOCOTILEDÔNEAS MEDICINAIS NATIVAS DA MATA ATLÂNTICA E DE ECOSSISTEMAS COSTEIROS
Authors: Honorato da Silva Edilene , Nascimento da Silva Rosineide , Lazaro da Silva Ingrid , Silva de Oliveira Walquíria , da Silva Araújo Alverlan , De Barros Prado Moura Flávia
Published: April 2023

O Brasil é o país com a maior diversidade biológica do planeta, entretanto, a maior parte das plantas medicinais conhecidas e usadas comercialmente é exótica e/ou cultivada. Estudos sobre plantas medicinais nativas são fundamentais para conservação destas espécies e do conhecimento tradicional associado a seu uso. Neste trabalho, buscou-se sistematizar informações disponíveis na literatura sobre plantas nativas de ocorrência no Estado de Alagoas. Foram escolhidos os registros de coletas referentes ao município de Marechal Deodoro devido a sua grande área coberta por ecossistemas naturais, incluindo restingas, matas de tabuleiro, várzeas e lagunas. Para levantamento inicial dos dados utilizou-se a base de dados de coleções científicas disponíveis no speciesLink (https://specieslink.net/). Com a lista inicial das monocotiledôneas de ocorrência registrada no município, foi feita uma pesquisa no Google Acadêmico com o termo “uso medicinal” para cada espécie. Foi levantado um total de 130 espécies de monocotiledôneas, distribuídas em 10 famílias. As famílias com maior número de espécies foram Cyperaceae (64), Poaceae (22), Orchidaceae (19), Araceae (11) e Xyridaceae (5). Um total de 51 espécies (39%) de ocorrência na área de estudo teve pelo menos uma citação na literatura para uso popular como medicinal, caracterização fitoquímica de seus extratos, pesquisa de atividade in vitro ou pesquisa de atividade in vivo. Estas espécies pertencem a oito famílias botânicas. Houve um maior número de espécies citadas na literatura nas famílias Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Orchidaceae, que também foram as três famílias com maior diversidade de espécies coletadas na área. Espécies de duas famílias que ocorrem na área (Alismataceae e Alstroemeriaceae) não tiveram nenhum registro de “uso medicinal” com o critério de busca utilizado. Os resultados ressaltam a importância dos ecossistemas locais como abrigo para plantas medicinais e a necessidade de se planejar o manejo sustentável para algumas destas espécies que sejam alvo de extrativismo para fins medicinais.
LIFE STYLE: PERILAKU MAHASISWA MASA KINI DAN PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Laana Darwis Lodowich , Sukri Urbanus
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Pada masa kini terjadi perubahan global dan perkembangan di tengah kehidupan, dengan semakin canggihnya teknologi informasi membuat mahasiswa sangat mudah untuk mengakses informasi yang diinginkan. Dengan perubahan yang sangat cepat ini muncullah berbagai gaya hidup modern yang serba instan yang mempengaruhi perilaku mahasiswa. Media sosial memiliki karakteristik unik dan memberikan efek menyenangkan sehingga mahasiswa tertarik terhadap fasilitasnya untuk digunakan secara terus menerus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1). Bagaimanakah perilaku mahasiswa terhadap gaya hidup modern? (2). Pengaruh penggunaan media sosial terhadap gaya hidup mahasiswa? Metode yang digunakan jenis artikel konseptual atau artikel hasil pemikiran  merupakan analisa pemikiran terhadap fenomena-fenomena masalah yang muncul. Hasil dari penelitian (1). Perilaku mahasiswa terhadap gaya hidup modern yang sangat terlihat jelas yaitu: perilaku konsumtif dan hedonis. Gaya hidup lebih menggambarkan perilaku seseorang, yaitu bagaimana mereka hidup, menggunakan uangnya dan memanfaatkan waktu yang dimilikinya. (2). pengaruh media sosial bagi mahasiswa mempunyai dampak positif maupun negatif. Jika ditelaah tujuan dari media sosial yaitu sebagai alat untuk berkomunikasi dan memperoleh informasi, dan jika penggunaan media sosial dilakukan secara tepat dari segi tempat, waktu, dan tujuan penggunaannya, maka pengaruh negatif dari media sosial akan dapat dikurangi. Abstract: Nowadays, there are global changes and developments in the midst of life, with increasingly sophisticated information technology making it very easy for students to access the information they want. With this very rapid change, various instantaneous modern lifestyles have emerged that affect student behavior. Social media has unique characteristics and gives a pleasant effect so that students are interested in its facilities to be used continuously. The purpose of this research is to find out 1). How is the student's behavior towards the modern lifestyle? (2). The effect of using social media on student lifestyle? The method used is a conceptual article or a thought-provoking article, which is an analysis of the thoughts of the problem phenomena that arise. The results of the study (1). Student behavior towards the modern lifestyle that is very clearly visible, namely: consumptive and hedonic behavior. Lifestyle describes a person's behavior, namely how they live, use their money and take advantage of the time they have. (2). The influence of social media for students has a positive or negative impact. If we examine the purpose of social media, namely as a tool to communicate and obtain information, and if the use of social media is carried out appropriately in terms of place, time, and purpose of use, the negative influence of social media will be reduced.
PERENCANAAN PENGAJARAN DALAM KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN BERBASIS STUDENT CENTERED LEARNING DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Tata Vivi Restiana
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Salah satu faktor penyebab rendahnya hasil belajar siswa terhadap mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) adalah rendahnya motivasi belajar. Motivasi disini diartikan sebagai daya penggerak yang mendorong siswa untuk belajar secara mandiri untuk mempelajari berbagai aspek yang terkait dengan masalah-masalah belajar. Keberhasilan siswa dalam belajar juga dipengaruhi oleh minat belajar siswa. Model pembelajaran merupakan cara guru menyampaikan pembelajaran pada siswa, sehingga materi dapat dimengerti oleh siswa. Dalam melakukan pembahasan, penulis melakukan tinjauan kajian teori berdasarkan tujuan penggunaan kajian teori, maka topik-topik yang perlu ditinjau dalam penelitian ini adalah: Defenisi Perencanaan Pembelajaran Berbasis Student Centered Learning, Prosedur dan Fungsi Pembelajaran Student Centered Learning, Pembelajaran Berbasis  Student Centered Learning  dan Tujuan Student Centered Learning Dalam Pendidikan  Agama Kristen. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang ada dengan guna mencapai tujuan pendidikan secara maksimal , peran guru sangat penting dan diharapkan guru memiliki cara /model mengajar yang baik dan benar serta mampu memilih model pembelajaran yang tepat dan sesuai dengan konsep-konsep mata pelajaran yang akan disampaikan. Dengan demikian proses pembelajaran yang ditentukan dengan sasaran pendidikan dan kualitas sistem pendidikan dapat tercapai dengan baik. Abstract: One of the factors that cause low student learning outcomes for Christian Religious Education (PAK) subjects is low learning motivation. Motivation here is defined as the driving force that encourages students to learn independently to study various aspects related to learning problems. Student success in learning is also influenced by student interest in learning. The learning model is the teacher's way of delivering learning to students, so that the material can be understood by students. In conducting the discussion, the author reviews the theoretical study based on the purpose of using the theoretical study, so the topics that need to be reviewed in this research are: Definition of Student Centered Learning-Based Learning Planning, Student-Centered Learning Procedures and Functions, Student-Centered Learning-Based Learning and Objectives Student Centered Learning in Christian Religious Education. To overcome the existing problems in order to achieve maximum educational goals, the role of the teacher is very important and it is hoped that the teacher has a good and correct way / model of teaching and is able to choose the right learning model and in accordance with the concepts of the subjects to be delivered. Thus the learning process determined by the educational goals and the quality of the education system can be achieved properly.
MODEL PERENCANAAN PEMBELAJARAN YANG EFEKTIF PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Waruwu Sodiniat , Karo Desire Karo
Published: April 2023

AbstrakWabah virus Covid-19 berdampak sangat luas pada sendi kehidupan, termasuk di bidang pendidikan. Sehingga pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan Pendidikan di Masa Darurat Penyebaran Virus Corona. Hal tersebut untuk mengantisipasi penyebaran virus corona di sekolah dan perguruan tinggi. Salah satu poin yang ditekankan oleh pemerintah adalah bahwa pembelajaran yang dilakukan di sekolah dan perguruan tinggi dialihkan ke pembelajaran online di rumah. Pembelajaran dilakukan dari rumah dengan menggunakan laptop, komputer, atau smartphone disertai dengan berbagai aplikasi yang mendukung proses pembelajaran. Namun, pembelajaran online yang telah dilaksanakan sejak pandemi Covid-19 mengalami beberapa kendala yang dihadapi oleh pelajar dan pendidik. Untuk itu dalam menangani hal tersebut diperlukan strategi untuk mencapai suatu pembelajaran yang efektif dan efesien. Dalam rangka mencapai tujuan pembelajaran secara efektif dan efisien, guru dituntut untuk menyusun rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran sebelum melaksanakan pembelajaran.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PENGGUNA SMARTPHONE MEMPENGARUHI KARAKTER DAN MINAT BELAJAR ANAK
Authors: Rosiana Rosiana , Dianto Golan
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat di era globalisasi saat ini telah memberikan banyak manfaat dalam kemajuan diberbagai aspek sosial. Penggunaan teknologi oleh manusia dalam membantu menyelesaikan pekerjaan merupakan hal yang menjadi keharusan dalam kehidupan. Perkembangan teknologi ini juga harus diikuti dengan perkembangan pada Sumber Daya Manusia. Perkembangan teknologi dan internet membawa dampak besar bagi kehidupan manusia. Kemajuan teknologi adalah sesuatu yang tidak bisa kita hindari dalam kehidupan ini, karena kemajuan teknologi akan berjalan sesuai dengan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan. Teknologi yang sebenarnya merupakan alat bentu/ekstensi kemampuan diri manusia. Dewasa ini, telah menjadi sebuah kekuatan yang justru membelenggu perilaku dan gaya hidup kita sendiri. Dengan daya pengaruhnya yang sangat besar, karena ditopang pula oleh systemsistem sosial yang kuat, dan dalam kecepatan yang makin tinggi, teknologi telah menjadi pengarah hidup manusia. Gadget merupakan alat elektronik yang dirancang berukuran kecil, memiliki berbagai fitur dan aplikasi untuk mempermudah mengakses segala informasi. Penggunaan gadget secara continue akan berdampak positif maupun berdampak negatif pada perilaku sosial anak. Perilaku sosial merupakan tindakan yang berkaitan dengan perbuatan manusia yang berhubungan secara langsung dengan nilai sosial dalam lingkungannya. Perilaku sosial anak ini meliputi menghormati orang lain, sikap tolong menolong, perilaku sopan santun, sikap peka dan peduli, serta terima kasih.Abstract: The very rapid development of technology in the current era of globalization has provided many benefits in progress in various social aspects. The use of technology by humans in helping to complete work is a must in life. This technological development must also be followed by developments in Human Resources. The development of technology and the internet has had a major impact on human life. Technological progress is something that we cannot avoid in this life, because technological progress will run in accordance with scientific advances. Technology is actually a tool for the formation/extension of human abilities. Today, it has become a force that actually shackles our own behavior and lifestyle. With a very large influence, because it is also supported by a strong social system, and at an increasingly higher speed, technology has become the direction of human life. Gadgets are electronic devices that are designed to be small in size, have various features and applications to make it easier to access all information. Continuous use of gadgets will have a positive or negative impact on children's social behavior. Social behavior is an action related to human actions that are directly related to social values in their environment. This child's social behavior includes respect for others, an attitude of helping, polite behavior, a sensitive and caring attitude, and gratitude.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KURIKULUM TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Bria Selfiana , Hoar Theresia Noviana
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Kurikulum pendidikan agama kristen di Indonesia lebih menekankan pembelajaran kristiani dan kekristenan. Pengajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen bermaksud membagikan iman dan kepercayaan dengan atribut atau karakteristik kristen untuk dipelajari maupun di ajarakan di dalam kelas maupun di luar kelas. Masalahnya setiap konteks pembelajaran yang dihadapi oleh setiap siswa berbeda, sementara itu Pendidikan Agama Kristen memusatkan pembelajaran untuk mencapai tujuan utama yaitu memampukan setiap siswa untuk mencapai  tingkat pertumbuhan kepenuhan Kristus. Oleh karna itu, proses pengembanagan kurikulum  pondidikan perlu di rancang dan disusun sesuai dengan nilai-nilai kekristenan. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan yang menganalisis setiap bentuk kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang telah di susun oleh pemerintah. Dalam hal ini penulis menguraikan hal-hal pentingdalam penyususnan dsan pengembangan kurikulum dari mata pelajaran pendidikan agama kristen.Abstract: The Christian religious education curriculum in Indonesia emphasizes Christian and Christian learning. The teaching of Christian religious education intends to share faith and belief with Christian attributes or characteristics to be studied or taught in the classroom and outside the classroom. The problem is that each learning context faced by each student is different, meanwhile Christian religious education focuses on learning to achieve the main goal of enabling each student to reach the level of growth of the fullness of Christ. Therefore, the process of developing the educational curriculum needs to be designed and structured in accordance with Christian values. The author uses a library research method that analyzes every form of Christian religious education curriculum that has been compiled by the government. In this case the author describes the important things in the preparation and development of the curriculum of Christian religious education subjects.
ASRAMA SEBAGAI TEMPAT KEHIDUPAN DAN PEMBINAAN SISWA-SISWI SEKOLAH MISI INTERDENOMINASI
Authors: Kole Noviana
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Apa yang dipikirkan di benak kita tentang kata “tinggal diasrama”, mungkin kita berpikir bahwa asrama adalah bangunan tempat tinggal dimana kita harus mengikuti berbagai tata tertib yang ditetapkan. Tinggal diasrama pasti ada aturan dan tata tertib yang akan kita ikuti, sebagai penghuni asrama harus memiliki disiplin besar ataupun kewajiban untuk bisa melakukan segala kegiatan yang biasanya dibantu oleh  keluarga  sekarang harus melakukannya sendiri. Dari pembahasan ini akan timbul beberapa pertanyaan: 1. Apakah asrama itu? 2. Bagaimana fungsi  asrama bagi mahasiswa? Jawaban : Asrama adalah bangunan tempat tinggal bagi kelompok orang untuk sementara waktu, terdiri atas sejumlah kamar, dan dipimpin oleh seorang kepala asrama. Fungsi bagi mahasiswa sebagai sarana untuk tempat tinggal bagi mahasiswa selama menempuh studinya, sebagai sarana untuk mempererat hubungan sosial antar sesama, sebagai sarana membentuk pribadi mahasiswa sehingga dapat mandiri, disiplin dan bertanggung jawab Abstract: What we think about the word “live in a dormitory”, maybe we think that a dormitory is a residential building where we have to follow various rules and regulations. Living in a dormitory, there must be rules and regulations that we will follow, as residents of a dormitory, we must have great discipline or an obligation to be able to carry out all activities that are usually assisted by the family, now we have to do it ourselves. From this discussion, several questions will arise: 1. What is a hostel? 2. How does the dormitory function for students? Answer: A dormitory is a temporary residence for a group of people, consisting of a number of rooms, and led by a dormitory head. The function for students is as a place to live for students during their studies, as a means to strengthen social relations between others, as a means to shape students' personalities so that they can be independent, disciplined and responsible.
MUSIK DAN PERANANNYA DALAM IBADAH
Authors: Janawati Janawati , Gulo Kornelius
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Artikel ini adalah suatu pengangkatan judul yang dilatar belakangi oleh, keinginan seorang Penulis untuk mengetahui apa yang menjadi peran musik, yang digunakan dalam setiap Ibadah Kristen, serta bagaimana supaya musik yang dimainkan oleh seorang musisi, boleh menjadi musik yang berjalan tidak sebagai simbol saja, tetapi ada fungsi dan tujuan dari musik yang dimainkan. Berbicara tentang  musik dan peranannya dalam ibadah bukanlah sesuatu hal yang asing lagi, sebab banyak gereja yang sudah menggunakan musik dalam melaksanakan ibadah, baik itu dari aliran Injili, Protestan,  Karismatik atau Pantekosta. Artikel ini bertujuan menjawab 1. Apa peranan musik gereja dalam ibadah? 2. Bagaimana musik yang berkenan bagi Tuhan? 3. Apa itu Musik Gereja dan bagaimana Liturgi Nyayian Jemaat dalam Ibadah? Dengan hasil: 1. Peranan musik menjadi sebuah pertempuran krisis, kuasa penyembahan, memulihkan pelayanan. 2. Musik yang berkenan kepada Tuhan adalah musik yang penuh dengan ketaatan, yang berisi ucapan syukur. 3. Musik gereja yang karena isinya serta dengan pernyataan Iman penciptanya atau orang yang menampilkan karya tersebut, dalam liturgi ibadah meliputi berarti perayaan iman, termasuk dalam liturgi adalah tata ruang, tata Ibadah, tata waktu, simbol-simbol, pembacaan Alkitab, musik gereja dan sebagainya.  Abstract: This article is an appointment of a title based on the desire of an author to know what is the role of music, which is used in every Christian worship, and how the music played by a musician may become music that operates not only as a symbol , but there is a function and purpose of the music being played. Talking about music and its role in worship is not something new, because many churches already use music in carrying out their services, whether they are from Evangelical, Protestant, Charismatic or Pentecostal. This article aims to answer 1. What is the role of church music in worship? 2. How is music pleasing to God? 3. What is Church Music and how is the Liturgy of Congregational Singing in Worship? With the results: 1. The role of music becomes a crisis battle, the power of worship, restoring ministry. 2. Music that pleases God is music that is full of obedience, which contains thanksgiving. 3. Church music which, because of its content and the statement of faith by the creator or the person performing the work, in the liturgy of worship includes the meaning of the celebration of faith, including in the liturgy are spatial planning, worship arrangements, timing, symbols, Bible readings, church music and etc.
PENTINGNYA PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENDIDIK ANAK
Authors: Puspito Indro , Rosiana Rosiana
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Mendidik merupakan tanggung jawab yang wajib digarap oleh orang tua sebagai pendidik yang pertama dalam keluarga dan bertanggung jawab dihadapan Tuhan, orang tua tidak dapat membenarkan kerja keras sebagai alasan kurangnya pendidikan anaknya dan menganggapnya sebagai tugas dan tanggung jawab sekolah. Keluarga merupakan sebuah masyarakat kecil yang didalamnya terdiri dari anggota individu yang saling melengkapi. Metode pembahasan dalam tulisan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis dengan membaca dari beberapa sumber bacaan, mengeksplorasi dari berbagai jurnal, buku. Masalah yang diangkat dalam artikel ini adalah peranan orang tua dalam mendidik anak? Bagaimana orang tua memberi kesempatan untuk melihat anak memilih minat dan bakatnya?. Hasilnya 1. Orang tua harus mendampingi, mengawasi, mengarahkan dan membimbing, mendorong dan memberikan motivasi. 2. Memberikan kesempatan sebaik dan sebagusnya pada anak untuk menghasilkan minat serta kecakapan- kecakapan yang lain serta menekan anak biar berharap bimbingan dan nasehat pada guru. Sajikan informasi- data berarti dan relevan yang sesuai dengan keahlian dan minat anak. Sajikan alat atau perlengkapan belajar serta membantu kesulitan belajarnya. Abstract: Educating is a responsibility that must be worked on by parents as the first educators in the family and responsible before God, parents cannot justify hard work as the reason for their child's lack of education and regard it as the duty and responsibility of the school. The family is a small community in which it consists of individual members who complement each other. The method of discussion in this paper uses a descriptive analytical method by reading from several reading sources, exploring from various journals, books. The problem raised in this article is the role of parents in educating children? How do parents give the opportunity to see children choose their interests and talents? The results 1. Parents must assist, supervise, direct and guide, encourage and provide motivation. 2. Provide the best possible opportunity for children to discover interests and other skills and encourage children to ask teachers for guidance and advice. Provide important and relevant information according to children's talents and interests. Provide facilities or learning tools and help with learning difficultie.
PEMIMPIN KRISTEN BERINTEGRITAS DAN APLIKASINYA PADA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN HAMBA TUHAN
Authors: Gulo Kornelius
Published: April 2023

Semakin sulit untuk menemukan pemimpin dengan integritas di dunia saat ini. Beberapa organisasi dan gereja Kristen mengalami hal yang sama. Bahkan para pemimpin beberapa organisasi Kristen memperlihatkan perilaku dan karakter yang tidak patuh mencerminkan integritas yang diharapkan dari para pemimpin gereja sebagaimana kata Alkitab. Jadi, menurut pandangan seorang penulis, hamba Tuhan harus menjaga integritas dan menunjukkannya kepada gereja yang mereka layani. Untuk itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membantu para pemimpin Kristen memahami pentingnya menjaga dan memelihara integritas pemimpin Kristen; bahwa integritas adalah konsistensi perkataan dan perbuatan yang diwujudkan dalam perilaku sehari-hari; dan untuk memahami penerapan integritas kepemimpinan Kristen pada hamba Tuhan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis menggunakan metode kepustakaan. Analisis dilakukan dengan bantuan literature review yang mencakup baik fenomena yang terjadi di masyarakat yang dipublikasikan melalui berbagai media cetak dan digital maupun melalui berbagai referensi buku yang memuat berbagai teori kepemimpinan dan kepemimpinan Kristen yaitu dengan menganalisis kepemimpinan Kristen, kerangka kerjanya, untuk konsep kepemimpinan Kristen yang jujur. Masyarakat umum mengartikan pemimpin sebagai orang yang memiliki kedudukan dalam suatu organisasi. Orang istimewa dengan gelar tinggi, orang dengan banyak bakat, orang berpenampilan meyakinkan, orang dengan dana dan uang yang cukup. It's getting harder and harder to find leaders with integrity in today's world. Several Christian organizations and churches are experiencing the same thing. Even the leaders of several Christian organizations display disobedient behavior and character reflecting the integrity expected of church leaders as the Bible says. So, in one writer's view, ministers of God must maintain integrity and show it to the church they serve. For this reason, this research was conducted to help Christian leaders understand the importance of protecting and maintaining the integrity of Christian leaders; that integrity is the consistency of words and actions manifested in daily behavior; and to understand the application of the integrity of Christian leadership to God's servants. The research method used by the author uses the method of literature. The analysis was carried out with the help of a literature review which covers both phenomena that occur in society which are published through various print and digital media as well as through various book references that contain various theories of Christian leadership and leadership, namely by analyzing Christian leadership, its framework, for the concept of honest Christian leadership. . The general public interprets a leader as a person who has a position in an organization. Special people with high titles, people with many talents, people with good looks, people with enough funds and money.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KELUARGA TENTANG PENGUASAAN DIRI MENURUT GALATIA 5:22-23 TERHADAP PERILAKU SISWA
Authors: Bura Vera , Christi Areyne , Waluyo Hari Budi
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasikan pengaruh tanggung jawab dalam pengembangan penguasaan diri siswa. Penulis mendasari hal di atas sesuai yang ada didalam Galatia 5:22-23 d, (1) tentang peranan keluarga, (2) tentang penguasaan diri. Dalam penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, evaluasi dan dengan pendekatan deskripsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mendapatkan tentang bagaimana peran orang tua untuk bertanggung jawab menerapkan buah roh salah satunya adalah penguasaan diri Galatia 5:22-253 (2) mendapatkan tentang peran orang tua untuk membentuk sikap belajar anak. (3) mendapatkan tentang tindakan peneliti dalam melakukan studi evaluasi penguasaan diri anak menurut Galatia: terhadap sikap penguasaan diri peserta didik. Hasil bahwa pemahaman yang terutama dalam mendidik anak yang utama adalah orang tua. Dalam penguasaan diri anak adalah suatu upaya anak untuk mampu mengendalikan diri/ menahan diri agar menjadi lebih baik, penguasaan diri ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kemajuan, keberhasilan, serta sukacita yang mendasari didalammya, menyenangkan diri, serta mengarahkan tingkah lakunya sendiri sebagai wujud dorongan ke arah yang positif. Hal yang diatas dapat dibatasi oleh orang tua atau guru dalam sikap belajar peserta didik dengan cara orang tua memberikan teladan yang baik terhadap anak serta menanamkan nilai-nilai buah roh seperti: penguasaan diri. Abstract: This article aims to evaluate the influence of responsibility in the development of students' self-mastery. The author underlies the above according to what is in Galatians 5:22-23 d, (1) about the role of the family, (2) about self-control. In this writing using quantitative research methods, evaluation and with a description approach. The purposes of this study were (1) to find out how the role of parents is to be responsible for implementing the fruit of the spirit, one of which is self-mastery in Galatians 5:22-253 (2) to get about the role of parents to shape children's learning attitudes. (3) get about the researchers' actions in conducting an evaluation study of children's self-mastery according to Galatia: towards the attitude of self-mastery of students. The result is that the main understanding in educating children is the parents. In children's self-mastery is a child's effort to be able to control himself/hold himself to be better, this self-mastery aims to gain progress, success, and joy that underlies it in him, pleases himself, and directs his own behavior as a form of encouragement in the right direction. positive. The things above can be limited by parents or teachers in the learning attitude of students by way of parents setting a good example for their children and instilling the values of the fruit of the spirit such as: self-mastery.
IMPLEMENTASI MATIUS 28: 18-20 DALAM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN MENGGUNAKAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH BAGI REMAJA
Authors: Widiyaningtyas Ester , Maranatha Stefanie
Published: April 2023

Pada era kemajuan teknologi seperti pada masa milenial seperti sekarang banyak pemuda Kristen yang cenderung bersikap egoisentris dan tidak lagi menyadari akan tugas dan panggilannya sebagai orang Kristen yaitu untuk melakukan Amanat Agung Kristus. Maka, penulis melihat bahwa generasi Kristen perlu disadarkan kembali akan tugas dan tanggungjawabnya melalui Pendidikan Agama Kristen, sehingga peserta didik Kristen dapat merefleksikan kehidupan Kristiani dalam keseharian dan mampu melaksanakan fungsinya sebagai generasi Ilahi yang mewartakan Kristus melalui keteladanan hidup dengan pembelajaran di dalam kelas menggunakan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah.In the era of technological advancement, such as in the millennial era, like now, many Christian youths tend to be selfish and no longer aware of their duties and calling as Christians, namely to carry out the Great Mandate of the Lord Jesus Christ. Thus, the author sees that the Christian generation needs to be made aware of their duties and responsibilities through Christian Religious Education, so that Christian students can reflect on Christian values in their daily lives and are able to carry out their functions as a Divine generation who proclaim Christ through exemplary life by learning in in class using problem-based learning strategies.
PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEPEMIMPINAN MAJEMUK DI GEREJA
Authors: Sukri Urbanus , Damita Yesi
Published: April 2023

Gereja adalah organisasi rohani sekaligus organisasi sosial. Sebagai organisasi, Gereja membutuhkan manajemen yang membawa kepada arah pemimpin yang mengelola dan mengarahkan menuju visi yang sudah ditentukan. Manajemen butuh orang atau kelompok orang yang menjalankan sehingga tercapai goal yang diharapkan. Pola kepemimpinan mana yang relevan bagi Gereja, pola kepemimpinan tunggal atau majemuk? Kepemimpinan yang majemuk adalah kepemimpinan yang alkitabiah. Kepemimpinan majemuk sesuai dengan kultur Gereja. Dan kepemimpinan majemuk relevan dengan situasi zaman. Kepemimpinan majemuk sangat mendukung pertumbuhan Gereja, baik kuantitas maupun kualitas.Pembelajaran kooperatif  model pembelajaran yang melibatkan banyak orang dan menekankan kerjasama diantara pelajarnya. Model pembelajaran ini dikembangkan sebagai pendekatan interaktif antara siswa, pengajar, dan bahan pengajaran. Pembelajaran kooperatif adalah strategi pembelajaran yang searah dengan pola kepemimpinan majemuk. Pembelajaran kooperatif dapat diimplementasikan dalam proses pembelajaran dan pelatihan suksesi kepemimpinan gerejawi. Dan kegiatan pembelajaran kooperatif ini sesuai dengan karakteristik kepemimpinan majemuk. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk menyajikan informasideskriptif dan analisis tentang pembelajaran kooperatif dalam kepemimpinan majemuk Gereja.The Church is a spiritual organization as well as a social organization. As an organization, the Church needs management that leads to the direction of leaders who manage and direct towards a predetermined vision. Management needs people or groups of people who run so that the expected goals are achieved. Which leadership pattern is relevant for the Church, single or multiple leadership patterns? Multiple leadership is biblical leadership. Multiple leadership is in accordance with the culture of the Church. And plural leadership is relevant to the situation of the times. Multiple leadership is very supportive of the growth of the Church, both in quantity and quality. Cooperative learning is a learning model that involves many people and emphasizes cooperation among students. It was developed as an interactive approach between students, teachers, and teaching materials. Cooperative learning is a learning strategy that is in line with the pattern of multiple leadership. Cooperative learning can be implemented in the process of learning and training for ecclesiastical leadership succession. And this cooperative learning activity is in accordance with the characteristics of multiple leadership. The type of research used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach that aims to present descriptive information and analysis about cooperative learning in the plural leadership of the Church.
3D Marine Cadastral System to Support Marine Spatial Planning Implementation in Indonesia: A Case Study of Penanjung Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Agung , Pranowo Widodo Setiyo , Hardjo Karen Slamet , Santoso Agus Iwan , Khakhim Nurul , Purwanto Taufik Hery , Setiyadi Johar
Published: April 2023

The ocean is a formation that has a volume and consists of a surface layer of water, a column, and a bottom. Visualization of the sea on a digital map is important to support the acceleration of marine spatial planning (MSP), which is generally two-dimensional on a flat plane. A marine cadastre is defined as an instrument used in managing spatial boundaries, which describes, visualizes, and realizes legally defined boundaries as well as rights, restrictions, and responsibilities related to activities in the marine environment. Therefore, visualization in 3D will open a wider perspective than conventional maps. The 3D marine cadastral system was built using the Penanjung Bay pilot project and the QGIS2ThreeJS plugin with JavaScript. The results obtained can provide a 3D visualization of the position and boundaries for each component of the marine cadastre in Penanjung Bay with a broader picture of the sea spatial layout in the region.
An Application of Anaerobic-Aerobic Combined Bioreactor Efficiency in COD Removal
Authors: Kavousi Rezvan , Borghei Seyyed Mehdi
Published: April 2023

Over the past few decades, anaerobic-aerobic wastewater treatment systems have been widely used in industrial and municipal wastewater treatment. This study was conducted to examine the effects of combined anaerobic-aerobic bioreactors in the removal of chemical oxygen demands (COD) while reducing phosphate concentrations in synthetic wastewater. In this project, a bioreactor with the dimensions of 10 cm × 10 cm × 80 cm with respective Kaldnes packing ratios of 90 and 30% for the anaerobic and aerobic sections was designed. A combined anaerobic-aerobic reactor’s structure made changing hydraulic retention times only possible by adjusting the volume of its aerobic and anaerobic sections. In the first case, the anaerobic and aerobic sections of the reactor occupied 30 and 50 cm of its height, respectively. The height of the anaerobic section decreases to 12.5 cm in the second case. In aerobic and anaerobic sections, pH was within a neutral range, temperature was 37°C. MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solids) was 1220 and 1030 mg/L, and attached growth was 743 and1190 mg/L respectively. In order to evaluate COD in the wastewater, three different initial phosphorus concentrations were tested: 12.8, 32.0 and 44.8 mg/L, as well as four COD: 500, 1000, 1200 and 1400 mg/L. Considering the results, COD removal is greater than 80% when the valve 2 is in the anaerobic section outlet regardless of the concentration of phosphate. In this case, the best result is for inlet COD of 500, where the reactor can eliminate more than 90%. When the COD concentration reaches 1000 to 1400 ppm, the reactor’s COD removal efficiency declines to 60%.
Some identities involving Chebyshev polynomials, Fibonacci polynomials and their derivatives
Authors:   Lovely Professional University, Kishore Jugal , Verma Vipin ,   Lovely Professional University
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we will derive the explicit formulae for Chebyshev polynomials of the third and fourth kind with odd and even indices using the combinatorial method. Similar results are also deduced for their r-th derivatives. Finally, some identities involving Chebyshev polynomials of the third and fourth kind with even and odd indices and Fibonacci polynomials with negative indices are obtained.
Skin Cancer Screening
Authors: Henrikson Nora B. , Ivlev Ilya , Blasi Paula R. , Nguyen Matt B. , Senger Caitlyn A. , Perdue Leslie A. , Lin Jennifer S.
Published: April 2023

Importance

Skin cancer is the most common cancer type and is a major cause of morbidity.

Objective

To systematically review the benefits and harms of screening for skin cancer to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.

Data Sources

MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from June 1, 2015, through January 7, 2022; surveillance through December 16, 2022.

Study Selection

English-language studies conducted in asymptomatic populations 15 years or older.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Two reviewers independently appraised the articles and extracted relevant data from fair- or good-quality studies; results were narratively summarized.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Morbidity; mortality; skin cancer stage, precursor lesions, or lesion thickness at detection; harms of screening.

Results

Twenty studies in 29 articles were included (N = 6 053 411). Direct evidence on screening effectiveness was from 3 nonrandomized analyses of 2 population-based skin cancer screening programs in Germany (n = 1 791 615) and suggested no melanoma mortality benefit at the population level over 4 to 10 years’ follow-up. Six studies (n = 2 935 513) provided inconsistent evidence on the association between clinician skin examination and lesion thickness or stage at diagnosis. Compared with usual care, routine clinician skin examination was not associated with increased detection of skin cancer or precursor lesions (5 studies) or stage at melanoma detection (3 studies). Evidence on the association between clinician skin examination and lesion thickness at detection was inconsistent (3 studies). Nine studies (n = 1 326 051) found a consistent positive association between more advanced stage at melanoma detection and increasing risk of melanoma-associated and all-cause mortality. Two studies (n = 232) found little to no persistent cosmetic or psychosocial harms associated with screening.

Conclusions and Relevance

A substantial nonrandomized evidence base suggests a clear association between earlier stage at skin cancer detection and decreased mortality risk. However, nonrandomized studies suggest little to no melanoma mortality benefit associated with skin cancer screening with visual skin examination in adolescents or adults and no association between routine clinician skin examination and earlier stage at melanoma detection. Evidence is inconsistent regarding whether clinician skin examination is associated with thinner melanoma lesions at detection.
Screening and Prevention of Skin Cancer
Authors: Jin Jill
Published: April 2023

This JAMA Patient Page describes the pros and cons of screening for skin cancer, as well as skin cancer risk-reduction practices.
Prescription Stimulant Medical and Nonmedical Use Among US Secondary School Students, 2005 to 2020
Authors: McCabe Sean Esteban , Schulenberg John E. , Wilens Timothy E. , Schepis Ty S. , McCabe Vita V. , Veliz Philip T.
Published: April 2023

Importance

Recent information on the prevalence of prescription stimulant therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NUPS) at the school-level among US secondary school students is limited.

Objective

To investigate the school-level prevalence of and association between stimulant therapy for ADHD and NUPS among US secondary school students.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study used survey data collected between 2005 and 2020 as part of the Monitoring the Future study (data collected annually via self-administered survey in schools from independent cohorts). Participants were from a nationally representative sample of 3284 US secondary schools. The mean (SD) response rates were 89.5% (1.3%) for 8th-grade students, 87.4% (1.1%) for 10th-grade students, and 81.5% (1.8%) for 12th-grade students. Statistical analysis was performed from July to September 2022.

Main Outcome and Measure

Past-year NUPS.

Results

The 3284 schools contained 231 141 US 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students (111 864 [50.8%, weighted] female; 27 234 [11.8%, weighted] Black, 37 400 [16.2%, weighted] Hispanic, 122 661 [53.1%, weighted] White, 43 846 [19.0%, weighted] other race and ethnicity). Across US secondary schools, the past-year prevalence of NUPS ranged from 0% to more than 25%. The adjusted odds of an individual engaging in past-year NUPS were higher at secondary schools with higher proportions of students who reported stimulant therapy for ADHD, after controlling for other individual-level and school-level covariates. Students attending schools with the highest rates of prescription stimulant therapy for ADHD had approximately 36% increased odds of past-year NUPS compared with students attending schools with no medical use of prescription stimulants (adjusted odds ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.20-1.55). Other significant school-level risk factors included schools in more recent cohorts (2015-2020), schools with higher proportions of parents with higher levels of education, schools located in non-Northeastern regions, schools located in suburban areas, schools with higher proportion of White students, and schools with medium levels of binge drinking.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cross-sectional study of US secondary schools, the prevalence of past-year NUPS varied widely, highlighting the need for schools to assess their own students rather than relying solely on regional, state, or national results. The study offered new evidence of an association between a greater proportion of the student body that uses stimulant therapy and a greater risk for NUPS in schools. The association between greater school-level stimulant therapy for ADHD and other school-level risk factors suggests valuable targets for monitoring, risk-reduction strategies, and preventive efforts to reduce NUPS.