bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature Gradient Effects on Stator Boundary-Layer Stability in a Rotor–Stator Cavity
Authors: Xie Yaguang , Du Qiang , Xie Lei , Liu Jianxin , Wang Ruonan
Published: January 2024

A comprehensive approach, combining theoretical analysis and direct numerical simulation, is employed in this study to investigate the influence of temperature gradient on the stability phenomenon of the stator boundary layer in a rotor–stator cavity. In contrast to previous studies, a temperature term is introduced to account for centrifugal buoyancy within the cavity. The focus is on analyzing the transitional behavior and the effects of centrifugal buoyancy on the boundary layers of the stationary disk under operating conditions characterized by a Reynolds number of [Formula: see text]. The investigation reveals that this temperature gradient significantly affects the base flow and alters the instability governing the boundary-layer transition on the stationary disk. Specifically, the centrifugal buoyancy induced by the higher temperature on the stationary side weakens the spiral mode perturbations without inducing changes in the azimuthal wavenumber of the spiral mode. However, when the centrifugal buoyancy effect exceeds a certain threshold, it directly suppresses the generation of the spiral mode and induces the formation of low-radius circular waves, thereby promoting a more stable boundary layer. This research emphasizes the importance of considering temperature variations in the rotor–stator cavity for improved control of stability within the boundary-layer flow.
The Fate of Expatriate Temples: Ellesiya, Taffa, Dendur and Debod
Authors:   Museo de San Isidro (España), MARTÍN FLORES Alfonso
Published: January 2024

The Nubia Salvage Campaign involved the movement and relocation of temples and other archaeological remains on an unprecedented scale. Criteria and recommendations were established to ensure the integrity of the temples and their preservation, and to maintain as far as possible some link with the environment to which they belonged. Four temples were also selected for transfer to other countries. For the latter, conservation in museums was emphasised. This article examines how these criteria evolved and how the various countries that received Nubian temples responded to these criteria and recommendations, and proceeded to reconstruct the monuments.
X, Y ve Z Kuşağı Hemşirelerin Sağlık Sorunları Nedeniyle İşte Var Olamama Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÇİÇEK KORKMAZ Ayşe , TOK Yeliz
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışma, X, Y ve Z kuşağındaki hemşirelerin işte var olamama düzeylerini belirlemek ve yaşadıkları sağlık sorunlarına göre bu düzeylerdeki farklılıkları incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, çevrimiçi bir veri toplama aracılığıyla 514 hemşireye uygulanmış ve veriler SPSS 23.0 istatistik paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, X kuşağının diğer iki kuşağa göre daha deneyimli olduğunu ve genellikle yöneticilere ve çalışma arkadaşlarına daha fazla güvendiklerini ortaya koymuştur. Y kuşağı hemşireler, eklem ağrısı, kas-iskelet sistemi problemleri ve uyku sorunları gibi sağlık sorunlarından en çok etkilenen grup olarak belirlenmiştir. Z kuşağı ise daha genç ve yeni mezunlar olup, mesleğe genellikle daha pozitif bir yaklaşım sergilemiştir. Analizlerde, Y kuşağının işte var olamama düzeyinin, diğer kuşaklara göre en yüksek ortalamaya sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Z kuşağı en düşük, X kuşağı ise orta seviyede bir işte var olamama puanına sahip olmuştur. Ayrıca, farklı kuşaklardaki hemşirelerin yaşadıkları sağlık sorunlarına göre işte var olamama puanlarında anlamlı farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, yönetici hemşirelerin farklı kuşaklara ait hemşirelerin özel sağlık sorunlarına dikkat etmeleri ve uygun yaklaşımlar geliştirmeleri gerektiğini göstermektedir.
Discussion on the Utilization and Improvement of Human Trafficking Victim Identification Indicators: Focusing on the perception of the workers of the Organizations utilizing identification indicators
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Yu HyoEun , Kim YeJeong
Published: January 2024

Since January 1, 2023, the “Act on the Prevention of Human Trafficking and Protection of Victims” has expanded the concept of human trafficking to protect and support victims such as labor exploitation, sexual exploitation, and prostitution. The law recommends the use of human trafficking identification indicators along with human trafficking education to detect crimes such as human trafficking and identify potential victims. Therefore, this study attempted to review human trafficking identification indicators and discuss improvement measures for effective use at the time when the law was enforced a year later. To this end, a survey was conducted on 150 employees of the National Police Agency, the Prosecutor's Office, the Ministry of Employment and Labor, and the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, which recommended the use of legal identification indicators, and the contents of the collected data were classified and analyzed. Through the study, the necessity of mandatory identification education and expanding the target, digitizing reporting and identification indicators, subdividing identification indicators for each target, and reorganizing other systems was discussed.
Understanding creativity in music therapy through Gadamer's perspective on Do-not-ask Crime
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Kim Sung Ki
Published: January 2024

Unlike traditional incidents, “Do-not-ask” crimes occur against unspecified people or an unspecified number of people without a specific cause, so anyone can become a victim of “Do-not-ask” crimes, causing serious fear in many people. And, regardless of who is involved, it is difficult to clearly distinguish between a potential perpetrator of a crime and an actual perpetrator, leading to confusion in prevention. Through research to date, it is understood that perpetrators of “Do-not-ask” crimes generally have common problems such as poor economic and family environments, cognition, thinking, impulsiveness control, and emotional control abilities. Additionally, many perpetrators of “Do-not-ask” crimes have a history of mental illness and/or have a thinking disorder due to addiction to psychotropic drugs. Rather than increasing the severity of legal punishment for perpetrators of “Do-not-ask” crimes who have these problems, it is judged that mental rehabilitation treatment that includes drug treatment, interpersonal training, art therapy, and family education is more urgent, and preemptive measures against random crimes are considered more urgent. It is believed that information sharing and the establishment of a cooperative system with various organizations are urgently needed for prevention. First of all, in terms of therapeutic approach, there may be various understandings of perpetrators of crime without question, but crime without question is understood simply as a symptom and the goal is not to reduce or eliminate symptoms, but rather the psychological state of criminals without question is a process of horizon fusion, dialectic. By understanding it as a temporary and intermediate situation, we aim to suggest a direction for healing through the formation of perpetrators' creativity and the role of art and play (Spiel) where this creativity can be actively expressed.
Transformation of Ulama as Communicators: Youtube as a Da'wah Channel
Authors: Novriyanto Bambang , Utari Prahastiwi , Satyawan Agung
Published: January 2024

In the digital era of the development of YouTube social media technology, there are many video contents available, one of which is Islamic da'wah content. The use of ulama in doing da'wah on YouTube is a process of transforming ulama as communicators in preaching. By using YouTube as a da'wah channel, there has been an indirect convergence of communication elements, resulting in a blur between ulama as communicators and connoisseurs of da'wah content on YouTube as communicants. The purpose of this study is to see the transformation of ulama as da'wah communicators on YouTube as da'wah channels. This research methodology is qualitative using literature studies that look at previous studies that use content analysis and opinion polls. The results of this study show that therefore, preachers in actualizing their da'wah must understand that the content and form of da'wah are inseparable parts, but can be distinguished in the concept of da'wah. While the characteristics, delivery strategies and methods of da'wah also have an important position in da'wah. With the interactivity facilitated by digital media, the boundary between communicators and communicants is getting thinner when communicating using YouTube media.
Influentiality of Social Media Influencers on Purchase Intension of Consumers: A Regional Perspective
Authors: Sahaf Muskaan Fayaz , Nazir Arif
Published: January 2024

Businesses are starting to use social media influencers (SMIs) as a new way to persuade their target audience to buy something. This is because consumer stratification is growing quickly. Social media's pervasiveness, as well as its broad reach and frequency, have made it a thriving advertising strategy, outperforming more traditional forms of advertising. In this study, the researchers focus on divulging the need to employ social media influencers in marketing services and their impact on consumers. The research attempts to trace the effectiveness of social media influencing in comparison to traditional forms of advertising and to promulgate the pros and cons of the emerging advertising strategy through social media influencers. The researchers' findings were based on a mixed method of research that included quantitative and qualitative data collected through surveys and interviews. The researchers discovered that despite influencers have a strong influence on consumer purchasing decisions, the new advertising trend through Social Media Influencers is on the rise in Kashmir Valley. However, the overall findings reveal that influencer marketing holds the upper hand in the market when it comes to influencing target groups effectively.
Assessing grapevine water status using Sentinel-2 images
Authors: Caruso Giovanni , Palai Giacomo
Published: January 2024

Grapevine water status strongly impacts vine yield and berry quality, hence the importance of a cost- and time-effective methodology to estimate it in commercial vineyards. A two-year experiment was carried out in a rainfed commercial vineyard (cv. ‘Vermentino’ grafted on ‘1103P’) to test the ability of vegetation indices (VIs) derived from Sentinel-2 (S2) multispectral imagery in estimating the stem water potential (Ψstem). The S2 VIs calculated including NIR and SWIR bands (NDMI, MSI and NMSI), performed better (R2 values of 0.66, 0.66 and 0.59, respectively) than those calculated using the bands in the VIS-NIR region (R2 values 0.47, 0.58 and 0.58 for NDVI, GNDVI and NDWI, respectively). The slope between B8a and B11 bands was also significantly affected by grapevine water status. The different weather conditions occurred during the two experimental years also allowed to observe as the S2 VIs performed better in estimating Ψstem under prolonged drought conditions. Moreover, S2 VIs were not able to detect differences in grapevine water status during the onset of water stress condition
An empirical experimental observations and MD simulation data-based model for the material properties of confined fluids in nano/Angstrom size tubes
Authors: Garg Ashish , Bishnoi Swati
Published: January 2024

The transport of fluids in nanometer and Angstrom-sized pores has gotten much attention because of its potential uses in nanotechnology, energy storage, and healthcare sectors. Understanding the distinct material properties of fluids in such close confinement is critical for enhancing their performance in various applications. These properties dictate the fluid's behavior and play a crucial role in determining flow dynamics, transport processes, and, ultimately, the performance of nanoscale devices. Remarkably, many researchers observed that the size of the geometry, such as the diameter of the confining nanotube, exerts a profound and intriguing influence on the material properties of nanoconfined fluids, including on the critical parameters such as density, viscosity, and slip length. Many researchers tried to model these material properties: viscosity $\eta$, density $\rho$, and slip $\lambda$ using various models with many dependencies on the tube diameter. It is somewhat confusing and tough to decide which model is appropriate and needs to be incorporated in the numerical simulation. In this paper, we tried to propose a simple single equation for each nano confined material property such as for density $\displaystyle \rho(D)/\rho_o = a+ b/(D-c)^n$, viscosity $\displaystyle \eta(D)/\eta_o = a+ b/(D-c)^n$, and the slip length $\lambda(D) = \lambda_1~D~e^{-n~D}+ \lambda_o$ (where $a,~b,~c,~n,~\lambda_1,~\lambda_o$ are the free fitting parameters). We model a wealth of previous experimental and MD simulation data from the literature using our proposed model for each material property of nanoconfined fluids at the nanometer and Angstrom scales. Our single proposed equation effectively captures and models all the data, even though many different models have been employed in the existing literature to describe the same material property. Our proposed model exhibits exceptional agreement with multiple independent datasets from the experimental observations and molecular dynamics simulations. Additionally, the model possesses the advantageous properties of continuity and a continuous derivative, so the proposed model is well-suited for integration into numerical simulations. Further, the proposed models also obey the far boundary conditions, i.e., when tube diameter $D \implies \infty$, the material properties tend to the bulk properties of the fluid. Due to the models' simplicity, smooth, and generic nature, this heuristic model holds promise to apply in simulations to design and optimize nanoscale devices.
Carbocationoids: a concept for controlling highly reactive cationic species
Authors: Fujita Hikaru , Shimada Daichi , Kudo Jotaro , Kosha Kazuyuki , Kakuyama Satoshi , Terasaki Hiromitsu , Kunishima Munetaka
Published: January 2024

Carbocations, which are positively charged highly electrophilic intermediates, are efficacious for the direct alkylation of low-reactive nucleophiles. The utilization of carbocations in SN1 reactions relies on the activation of their precursors in the presence of a nucleophile. However, undesirable interactions between the nucleophile and the leaving group activator limit the scope of acceptable nucleophiles. Here we report a strategy to conduct SN1 reactions involving unstable carbocations in an alternative stepwise procedure, which was demonstrated by the benzylation of various neutral nucleophiles. In the first step, carbocations were accumulated in a nucleophile-free solution in the form of carbocationoids utilizing the coordinative stabilization of triazinediones. Subsequently, the addition of these solutions in the second step enabled room temperature alkylation without the need for acidic additives. This methodology overcomes the inherent challenges of carbocations in SN1 reactions.
In and out – new ionic mesogens based on a cyanoborate building block and lipophilic or hydrophilic counter ions
Authors: Lehmann Matthias , Weinberger Pascal , Finze Maik , Giffin Guinevere A. , Weller Mario , Bachmann Stephanie , Pöppler Ann-Christin
Published: January 2024

Abstract. New ionic mesogens have been prepared based on a cyanoborate head group, which is tethered to a lipophilic periphery via a short flexible spacer. As counter ions, either tetra-n-butyl ammonium cations or sodium and potassium cations stabilized by 18-crown-6 have been used. Although all compounds realise SmA enantiotropic mesomorphism, X-ray diffraction, modelling and solid-state NMR uncover distinct self-assembly of the LC materials in double layers. While the ammonium ions are located in-between the borate anions and are in contact with spacers and aromatic units, the crown ethers with the coordinated alkali metal cations are completely nanosegregated between two borate anion layers. Homogenous and homeotropic alignment has been achieved. Electrical impedance studies confirm two to three orders of magnitude higher conductivity of the correctly-aligned samples in the single-ion conductor. Values of ca. 10-4 Scm-1 in the SmA phase at 85 °C and 10-5 Scm-1 at 40 °C have been obtained.
NeoMUST: an accurate and efficient multi-task learning model for neoantigen presentation
Authors: Ma Wang , Zhang Jiawei , Yao Hui
Published: January 2024

Accurate identification of neoantigens is important for advancing cancer immunotherapies. This study introduces Neoantigen MUlti-taSk Tower (NeoMUST), a model employing multi-task learning to effectively capture task-specific information across related tasks. Our results show that NeoMUST rivals existing algorithms in predicting the presentation of neoantigens via MHC-I molecules, while demonstrating a significantly shorter training time for enhanced computational efficiency. The use of multi-task learning enables NeoMUST to leverage shared knowledge and task dependencies, leading to improved performance metrics and a significant reduction in the training time. NeoMUST, implemented in Python, is freely accessible at the GitHub repository. Our model will facilitate neoantigen prediction and empower the development of effective cancer immunotherapeutic approaches.
Insights into foodborne Vibrio parahaemolyticus – a review
Authors: Fasulkova R. , Stratev D.
Published: January 2024

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a bacterium which normally inhabits the aquatic environment.
In the Asian region, as well as in the United States, it is one of the main causative agents
of foodborne illnesses in humans after consumption of raw or partially processed marine
hydrobionts. The pathogenetic mechanism of V. parahaemolyticus involves a number of
factors such as hemolysin, two types of secretory systems, and adhesion agents.
Foodborne outbreaks caused by V. parahaemolyticus usually occur in summer when the
water temperature is above 15°C. In view of the rising global temperatures, V.
parahaemolyticus is becoming more widespread and risks becoming a serious threat to
countries that lack control systems for this pathogen. At the same time, attention should be
paid to the reports about the presence of many field strains of V. parahaemolyticus
resistant to a number of antibiotics such as ampicillin, streptomycin, and cefazolin. This
article aimed to support the understanding of V. parahaemolyticus as a threat to public
health by summarizing the main methods of isolation and identification, incidence,
antimicrobial resistance and factors that affect the survival rate of the pathogen in seafood.
THE EFFECT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPLORATION APPROACH ON CURIOSITY, CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS, AND SCIENCE LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Rahayuningtyas Annisa Cahya , Utami Budi , Khasanah Annisa Nur
Published: January 2024

The natural environment around students can become a learning object that provides students with real experiences. This research aims to determine the effect of the Exploring the Natural Environment (JAS) approach on (1) students' curiosity, (2) students' critical thinking skills, and (3) student learning outcomes. This research uses a quasi-experimental design. The population consists of seventh-grade junior high school students. Data collection techniques are carried out using tests and observations. Prerequisite tests are carried out using validation tests, homogeneity tests, and normality tests. The hypothesis analysis technique is carried out using the independent simple t-test. The research results obtained are, One, there is an influence of the JAS approach on students' curiosity with a sig-2tailed result of 0.011 ≤ 0.05, Two, there is no influence of the JAS approach on students' critical thinking skills with a sig-2tailed result of 0.080. This is because students still do not fulfill the six categories of critical thinking according to Facione, Three, there is an influence of the JAS approach on student learning outcomes with a sig-2tailed result value of 0.003 ≤ 0.05. This research concluded that the natural exploration approach (JAS) had an influence on students' learning outcomes and curiosity, but had no effect on students' critical thinking skills. The obstacle in this research is that the time used is still very limited, so better time management is needed.
Lecciones del Metabolismo. Evolución del legado construido en base al cambio continuo
Authors: Verdejo Ruiz Mónica
Published: January 2024

Una de las derivaciones más prolíficas e inspiradoras de la arquitectura utópica de los sesenta, el Metabolismo, ofrece aún valiosas lecciones para el desarrollo urbano actual. Entre los integrantes del grupo japonés se distinguen dos posturas en cuanto al diseño de la arquitectura y la ciudad: una defensora del esquema megaestructural y otra basada en la lógica de la forma colectiva o group-form, más afín al planteamiento estructuralista. Ambas surgieron en torno a un mismo principio: la adaptabilidad de la arquitectura frente a los cambios a lo largo del tiempo, pero ofrecieron respuestas distintas; algunas de las cuales vieron la luz fuera del papel en la década de los setenta. Después de medio siglo, el presente artículo aborda el estudio del devenir evolutivo de dos proyectos pertenecientes a una y otra facción: la Torre de Cápsulas Nakagin, de Kisho Kurokawa, y Hillside Terrace, de Fumihiko Maki, con el doble objetivo de comprobar hasta qué punto la teoría de la transformación y el crecimiento constante se llevó a la práctica y de extraer lecciones útiles para una práctica contemporánea que persigue cada día con mayor urgencia la resiliencia ante los eventos y condiciones cambiantes.
Margarita Mendizábal, vivienda social y participación: Dos proyectos en Madrid
Authors: Ocerin-Ibáñez Olatz
Published: January 2024

El siguiente artículo expone dos proyectos de vivienda social colectiva realizados en Madrid por la arquitecta Margarita Mendizábal Aracama. Son dos proyectos de veinticuatro y ciento nueve viviendas realizados en 1969 y 1978, respectivamente, que destacan por incorporar en su proceso de diseño la arquitectura de participación. Este singular método de proyecto, poco habitual en la práctica arquitectónica de España, permitió reflejar tanto las demandas habitacionales de los futuros usuarios como la función simbólica que la arquitectura de sus viviendas debía adoptar. A pesar de estar localizados en dos ámbitos paradigmáticos de Madrid como son Moratalaz (desarrollado por la Obra Sindical del Hogar) y la ACTUR de Tres Cantos y haber sido realizados por una de las arquitectas pioneras de España, su carácter modesto y sus dimensiones contenidas han pasado desapercibidas para la historiografía. El texto tiene como objetivos, por una parte, reflejar el valor instrumental del proyecto participativo y su aplicación en estos dos proyectos de vivienda social colectiva; y, por otra, dar a conocer la obra de Margarita Mendizábal, para contribuir a ampliar el conocimiento sobre la arquitectura y la cultura arquitectónica en España.
Los espacios de barrio como facilitadores de la vida social: Estrategias proyectuales de GWL-Terrein (Ámsterdam)
Authors: Collantes Ezequiel
Published: January 2024

La arquitectura puede afectar significativamente la vida social de un barrio, ya que sus características espaciales y físicas pueden facilitar las interacciones humanas que se dan en él. La configuración espacial de GWL-Terrein (Ámsterdam) ha facilitado una vida social activa durante los últimos veinticinco años. Este artículo indaga en las estrategias de proyecto llevadas a cabo en GWL-Terrein, para generar un soporte espacial adecuado para la vida social. El artículo propone analizar a partir de tres escalas la red de espacios comunes del proyecto que facilita la interacción humana. En una escala cercana, el proyecto fomenta la interrelación entre la vivienda y el espacio común, lo cual posibilita las interacciones humanas a pequeña escala. En una escala intermedia, la red de microbarrios genera proximidad física y funcional entre los residentes, lo cual juega un rol significativo en el desarrollo de las relaciones sociales. En una escala superior, los equipamientos generan pequeñas centralidades que posibilitan las relaciones sociales más multitudinarias y favorecen la vinculación del barrio con la ciudad. La existencia de espacios que posibilitan los contactos pasivos, la proximidad física y funcional entre vecinos/as, y los espacios de barrio adecuados para la interacción a estas tres escalas son determinantes para facilitar la vida social de GWL-Terrein.
CARMEN ESPEGEL, ANDRÉS CÁNOVAS, JOSÉ MARÍA DE LAPUERTA (eds.) - Amaneceres domésticos: Temas de vivienda colectiva en la Europa del siglo XXI
Authors: Moreno Moreno María Pura
Published: January 2024

Carmen Espegel, Andrés Cánovas, José María de Lapuerta (eds.)Amaneceres domésticos: Temas de vivienda colectiva en la Europa del siglo XXIMadrid: Fundación ICO, Ediciones Asimétricas, 2022. 279 pp. Tapa blanda. Idioma: español / inglés. 38,00 €ISBN: 978-84-19050-38-0
LUCIANO BOI, ANDREA CANNAS, LUCA VARGIU (eds.) - Abitare. Approcci interdisciplinari e nuove prospettive
Authors: Salvo Simona
Published: January 2024

Luciano Boi, Andrea Cannas, Luca Vargiu (eds.)Abitare. Approcci interdisciplinari e nuove prospettiveCagliari: UNICApress, 2019. 173 pp. Softcover. Language: Italian. Open accessISBN: 978-88-3312-009-6
From Theory to Practice: Teachers’ Pedagogical Experiences in Animal Studies
Authors: Ncisana Lusanda , Sibisi Nonhle Tracey , Munyuku Rebotile , Masha Mmapake Florence
Published: January 2024

The South African educational curriculum has significantly been changing subsequent to the apartheid regime, which had a lot of restrictions on content coverage of Agricultural Science. With such evolution in the curriculum, there has been an amendment and introduction of new Agricultural Sciences’ content and concepts review as well as alignment. There is, however, a limited number of studies exploring educators’ knowledge and experience of teaching Animal Studies. Therefore, it is against this background that the present study explores grade 12 educators' experience in the content and pedagogy in eight selected schools in Mohlaletse Circuit, Limpopo Province. The study employed a qualitative research approach to develop an explanatory framework representing the lived experiences of Animal Studies grade 12 educators. In addition, the study adopted Shulmans' 1986 (PCK) Pedagogical Content Knowledge as a theoretical framework to guide the experiences in teaching Animal Studies to learners in grade 12. Twelve (n=12) grade 12 Agricultural educators were purposively selected from Mohlaletse Circuit, Limpopo Province. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews, which included one-on-one interviews. Thereafter, the data was thematically analysed through the following themes: challenges of teaching animal studies, strategies employed by educators when teaching animal studies and unpreparedness to teach some of the aspects of animal studies. The study's findings revealed challenges and the experiences encountered by Animal Studies educators. These challenges and experiences include a lack of resources, which limited learners to perform practical experiences, and limited content knowledge. The study concluded with the recommendation that professional development programmes should be tailored to address the gaps and areas of development among Animal Studies educators.
“Enhancing English Language Students Productive Skills through Project-based Learning: A Mixed Method Research”
Authors: Aldobekhi Sundus Abduallh , Abahussain Majed O.
Published: January 2024

Project-based learning (PBL) is an alternative teaching approach which addresses the need for student-centered learning fostering a global shift towards 21st century skills of collaboration and problem-solving. This research examined the effect of PBL on English language students' productive skills during their freshman year at Majmmaah University. The research used a mixed-method design, including pre- and post-tests, semi-structured interviews, and participant observations. The sample size was calculated using Sloven’s formula employing a simple random sampling technique. Twelve female freshmen undergraduate students aged 18-22 from Majmmah University's first-year were sampled for writing and speaking IELTS test, observation research and interviews. The researchers used t-test using SPSS 24.0. The significance level was found to be less than the threshold of 0.05, indicating that the students speaking and writing performance improved after getting introduced to the PBL strategies. Semi-structured interviews revealed that PBL significantly improved students' English proficiency, including linguistic proficiency, individual and social attitudes, autonomy, motivation, confidence, research skills, creativity, and collaborative learning skills. It was also noted that during 10 weeks, initially, participants showed reduced use of L2, with L1 being their primary mode of communication. Their writing assignments contained 45% mistakes, plagiarism, and copied words. After the third stage, participants showed progress in linguistic proficiency and learning skills. They became more engaged in class discussions, developed autonomy, and increased personal skills. Thus, the study recommends implementing PBL in the Universities of Saudi Arabia to enhance speaking and writing skills of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students.
Exploring Malaysian ESL Pre-service Teachers' Perceptions on Knowledge of Learners, Digital Literacy and 21st Century Competency
Authors: Pazilah Fetylyana Nor , Hashim Harwati , Yunus Melor Md , Rafiq Karmila Rafiqah M.
Published: January 2024

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Goal 4 is centred on providing good and quality education for all. To achieve this goal, the supply of quality teachers, particularly in English as a second language (ESL), should be increased to align with the current globalisation in which individuals are well equipped with English language skills. Hence, teacher training programs play a significant role in producing quality teachers and taking notice of the knowledge needed by ESL pre-service teachers in the 21st century. However, there is a gap in previous studies in understanding the knowledge of ESL pre-service teachers, particularly on digital literacy, knowledge of learners and 21st-century competency. Thus, this study aims to explore the ESL pre-service teachers' perspectives towards knowledge of learners, digital literacy and 21st-century competency to be an effective teacher in the 21st century. This paper employed a full qualitative method with 10 ESL pre-service teachers at a public university in Malaysia. The data were collected through a focus group discussion and were analysed using thematic analysis. Based on the findings, the ESL pre-service teachers reported that it is pivotal for them to know and be able to implement 21st-century skills in their classrooms. Additionally, the ESL pre-service teachers mentioned that they should be able to have digital literacy and have awareness towards learners. This study contributes to teacher training programs in understanding the knowledge needed by a modern teacher. Future research could investigate the challenges ESL pre-service teachers face in the 21st century.
PPTSD Portrait Due to Childhood Trauma to Ellice in the All Her Little Secrets Novel
Authors: Azizah Azizah , Praptawati Destary
Published: January 2024

Almost everyone has experienced traumatic events that lead to trauma. Trauma is a form of psychological experience that has a serious impact on mental health. The impact of trauma itself can vary, such as anxiety, depression, dissociation, and PTSD. In the novel All Her Little Secrets, Ellice, the main character, is described as suffering from PTSD due to childhood trauma. This study aims to determine how the character Ellice is described as suffering from PTSD and what trauma she has experienced. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method referring to two types of data, namely primary data and secondary data. Primary data were taken from the All Her Little Secrets novel in the form of narrative, dialogue and monologue. Meanwhile secondary data were taken from journals, books and articles related to the research topic. Several steps were taken to obtain data, namely reading the novel repeatedly and carefully, identifying data, classifying data, and reducing power. The results of this study concluded that Ellice as a PTSD sufferer was described through the symptoms she experienced. Ellice's PTSD symptoms include re-experiencing, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and hyperarousal. Meanwhile, the forms of childhood trauma that Ellice experienced included bullying, child maltreatment, and exposure to domestic and community violence
Análisis formal funcional de las guaranias de José Asunción Flores
Authors: Arriola Fretes Ricardo Ramón
Published: January 2024

Se abordaron las carencias previas en el análisis de las obras del destacado compositor de guaranias, José Asunción Flores. La investigación se centró en describir las funciones formales funcionales en las Guaranias desde tres perspectivas: armónica, motívica y etiquetas formales. Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo con alcance descriptivo y diseño hermenéutico, utilizando las partituras de Flores como unidad de análisis y la observación documental como técnica de recolección de datos, con una guía de análisis documental como instrumento. Las guaranias examinadas incluyeron obras con textos de Manuel Ortiz Guerrero, Félix Fernández, Rigoberto Fontao Meza y Carlos Federico Abente. Los resultados revelaron las preferencias armónicas de Flores, incluyendo progresiones cadenciales perfectas y otras variaciones, así como un uso limitado de disonancias y ausencia de modulaciones. Se destacó su inclinación hacia modelos rítmicos acéfalos, haciendo uso de recursos de repetición, variación y contraste. Además, se evidenció su predilección por las formas binarias y el empleo de funciones de encuadre.
THE COUNCIL FOR MUTUAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE AND GEOLOGICAL STUDY OF MONGOLIA. REPORT OF THE EXPERT GROUP OF THE CMEA (COMECON) MEMBER COUNTRIES DATED SEPTEMBER 9, 1963
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kamandzhaev Narma A.
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the issue of geological study of the MPR territory undertaken by the expert group of the CMEA member countries in August-September 1963. Despite the relevance of the topic due to the current state of the economy of Mongolia, as well as the importance of the work of the expert group for subsequent geological studies of the country, the subject is only briefly mentioned in the existing historiography. Therefore, there is no information about the group formation process, the progress of its work, as well as the content of the report compiled. The study of these issues is the purpose of the article. Based on the materials of the RSAE and the RSACH, it was established that the Mongolian side began lobbying for the start of a geological study of the country’s territory through the CMEA even before joining the organization. In response to the subsequent statements of the Mongolian representatives in the CMEA, the Executive Committee of the Council initiated the sending of an expert group to Mongolia to prepare proposals on the issue; and those proposals were consequently reflected in the report of September 9, 1963. The experts called for curtailing further exploration work on the already discovered oil, iron, manganese, chromium and polymetallic ores. It was recommended to hold off on an active development of oil shale, germanium, graphite and magnesite deposits. On the other hand, the experts advocated the carrying out of a wide range of surveys, as well as undertaking exploratory measures pertaining to the development of coal, copper, gold, tin, tungsten, fluorspar, piezoquartz, building materials, phosphates and mineral salts.
NEŞVÂN B. SAÎD EL-HİMYERÎ’NİN, ŞERHU KASÎDE Lİ ESʿAD EL-KÂMİL ADLI RİSÂLENİN TAHKİK VE TAHLİLİ
Authors: DEMİR Özlem
Published: January 2024

Şiir, edebi sanatlar içinde önemli bir konuma sahiptir. Bireye düşünce ve duygularını ifade etme imkânı tanıyarak kalplere dokunur, dinleyicileri etkileyen duygusal bir formu vardır. Şiir, insanlar arasında bilgi paylaşımını esas alan önemli bir aktördür. Geniş bir yelpazede, çeşitli alanlardaki düşünce ve fikirleri ifade etmek için kullanılarak, insanların ahlaki değerlerini anlama, kişisel ve sosyal yaşamlarındaki önemli konuları işleyerek bu sanata yönelirler. Bu çalışma, Neşvân b. Saîd b. Ebî Himyer el-Himyerî (öl. 573/1178) tarafından yazılan bir risalenin analizini sunmaktadır. Bu risale, Yemen krallarından Esʿad el-Kâmil'e (öl.?/?) ait bir şiirin açıklamasını içermektedir. Neşvân b. Saîd el-Himyerî, bilime duyduğu sevgiyle tanınan bir bilim adamıydı ve Arapça diline büyük bir önem vermiştir. Çeşitli eserleri inceleyerek Arap diline yönelik bir dizi kitap yazmıştır. Neşvân'ın eserlerindeki üslup, konuların basit ve anlaşılır bir dille işlenmesi, karmaşıklıktan uzak durması bu eseri daha da cazip kılmıştır. Dönemindeki siyasi ve dini mezhep çatışmalarının etkisi altında yaşamış olmasına karşın, taklitçilikten kaçınarak çevresindeki fikir liderlerinin görüşlerine bağlı kalmamıştır.
Advertising language: Graphics. Grammar. Pragmatics. Second edition
Authors: Panteleev Andrey , Inos Anastasija
Published: January 2024

The monograph is devoted to the study of the specifics of the functioning of multilevel elements of language in the texts of modern Russian advertising. The advertising discourse in this book is considered as a complex indirect speech act. The modern advertising text is characterized by the active use of circumstantial determinants — deverbatives, elliptical, definitely personal and nominative one-member sentences. A striking feature of the modern advertising text is the graphic and orthographic foreign language, the contamination of Cyrillic and Latin elements, which contributes to the realization of the expressive possibilities of the application.
The book is addressed to students of philological faculties, faculties of management and marketing, undergraduates, graduate students, teachers of higher education, as well as all those who are interested in the Russian language.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI MINYAK KEMIRI ( Candlenut Oil) DAN ESENSIAL OIL TERHADAP FORMULASI SERUM RAMBUT
Authors: Fadillah Nurul , Sulhatun Sulhatun , Zulnazri Zulnazri , Kurniawan Eddy , Hakim Lukman
Published: January 2024

Minyak Kemiri mengandung protein, P2O5, K2O dan gliserin berasal dari asam oleat, serta asam linoleate berfungsi untuk mengurangi rambut rontok, menjaga kesehatan rambut, menjaga kelembaban kulit kepala. Salah satu produk yang dapat menjaga kesehatan rambut ialah serum rambut (hair serum). Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk menciptakan formula sediaan serum yang memenuhi standar dan mengetahui kerakteristik terhadap serum rambut dari minyak kemiri.  Pada penelitian sebelumnya formulasi serum rambut dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan berbasis gel aloe vera yang dimanfaatkan sebagai perangsang pertumbuhan rambut. Serum yang berbasis menyak kemiri di formulasikan dengan cara memvariasikan tiga komponen serta melakukan penilaian terhadap fisik. Data dari hasil pengujian penilaian fifik secara analisis statistik. Hasil uji organoleptic serum berbasis minyak kemiri berwarna kuning keruh mengandung konsistensi sedikit kental dan aroma esensial peppermint oil. Sediaan serum ini mempunyai persebaran yang homogeny menggunakan viskositas antara 26,73-40,79 (pa.s), nilai pH antara 5,7-6,1 dan daya sebar antara 6-7 cm.Minyak Kemiri mengandung protein, P2O5, K2O dan gliserin berasal dari asam oleat, serta asam linoleate berfungsi untuk mengurangi rambut rontok, menjaga kesehatan rambut, menjaga kelembaban kulit kepala. Salah satu produk yang dapat menjaga kesehatan rambut ialah serum rambut (hair serum). Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk menciptakan formula sediaan serum yang memenuhi standar dan mengetahui kerakteristik terhadap serum rambut dari minyak kemiri.  Pada penelitian sebelumnya formulasi serum rambut dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan berbasis gel aloe vera yang dimanfaatkan sebagai perangsang pertumbuhan rambut. Serum yang berbasis menyak kemiri di formulasikan dengan cara memvariasikan tiga komponen serta melakukan penilaian terhadap fisik. Data dari hasil pengujian penilaian fifik secara analisis statistik. Hasil uji organoleptic serum berbasis minyak kemiri berwarna kuning keruh mengandung konsistensi sedikit kental dan aroma esensial peppermint oil. Sediaan serum ini mempunyai persebaran yang homogeny menggunakan viskositas antara 26,73-40,79 (pa.s), nilai pH antara 5,7-6,1 dan daya sebar antara 6-7 cm.
MODIFIKASI BIOKOMPOSIT KITOSAN-PATI JAGUNG UNTUK PEMBALUT LUKA PRIMER DENGAN ASAM SITRAT DAN PEKTIN
Authors: Rafly Wan , Suryati Suryati , Masrullita Masrullita , Nurlaila Rizka , Sulhatun Sulhatun
Published: January 2024

Wound dressing merupakan bahan yang menyerap kelembaban yang digunakan untuk memisahkan luka dari lingkungan sekitarnya, sehingga memfasilitasi proses penyembuhan dan pertumbuhan jaringan secara alami. Selama bertahun-tahun, balutan luka telah menjadi bagian penting dalam manajemen luka untuk mempercepat proses penyembuhan. Pembalut luka primer merupakan produk yang berupa lapisan tipis yang berfungsi sebagai pelindung luka yang memiliki beberapa karakteristik biokompotabilitas, rendah toksisitas, aktivitas anti bakteri dan kestablian kimia yang baik sehingga dapat mempercepat penyembuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan bahan yang dapat dijadikan pembalut luka antara bahan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan pembalut luka primer yaitu bahan kitosan-pati jagung dengan bahan ikat silang Asam Sitrat dan Pektin. Penelitian yang belum dilakukan adalah dengan membuat pembalut luka dengan modifikasi biokomposit kitosan-pati jagung dengan asam sitrat dan pektin. Penelitian ini terdiri beberapa metode bermula dari persiapan bahan baku, tahap pengolahan biokomposit pembalut luka primer, dan tahap pengujian. Pada uji swelling didapatkan hasil dari biokomposit berbahan kitosan-pati jagung dengan bahan ikat silang Asam Sitrat yang terbaik yaitu pada variasi komposisi (50:50:2) sebesar 100% dan hasil dari biokomposit berbahan kitosan-pati jagung dengan bahan ikat silang pektin pada variasi komposisi (50:50:10) sebesar 784,62%. Pada uji absorbsi didapatkan hasil dari biokomposit berbahan kitosan-pati jagung dengan bahan ikat silang asam sitrat yang terbaik yaitu pada variasi komposisi (50:50:2) sebesar 220,00% dan hasil dari biokomposit berbahan kitosan-pati jagung dengan bahan ikat silang pektin pada variasi komposisi (50:50:10) sebesar 858,33%. Pada uji ketebalan didapatkan hasil dari biokomposit berbahan kitosan-pati jagung dengan bahan ikat silang asam sitrat yang terbaik yaitu pada variasi komposisi (50:50:10) sebesar 1,372 mm dan hasil dari biokomposit berbahan kitosan-pati jagung dengan bahan ikat silang pektin pada variasi komposisi (50:50:10) sebesar 2,346 mm. Lalu, untuk pemeriksaan gugus fungsi (FTIR) pada biokomposit terdeteksi gugus fungsi OH dan gugus fungsi CO, yang menunjukkan sifat hidrofilik pada pembalut luka. Gugus-gugus tersebut juga mengindikasikan bahwa pembalut luka mudah terurai dan ramah lingkungan.
PENGARUH ENZIM BROMELIN BUAH NANAS TERHADAP KUALITAS VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO)
Authors: Anisa Haryono Luthfi Mughni , Mulyawan Rizka , Azhari Azhari , ZA Nasrul , Meriatna Meriatna
Published: January 2024

Metode enzimatik dengan menggunakan enzim proteolitik menjadi salah satu cara dalam proses pengolahan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), dimana enzim tersebut memecah protein dengan cara hidrolisa ikatan peptida sehingga menjadi asam amino yang sederhana. Penelitian ini menggunakan enzim bromelin dari buah nanas sebagai enzim proteolitik. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan menganalisa pengaruh isolasi enzim bromelin buah nanas dan volume enzim bromelin yang ditambahkan terhadap virgin coconut oil yang sesuai dengan SNI 7381:2008. Penelitian tentang VCO sudah dilakukan sebelumnya, penelitian yang belum dilakukan yaitu menganalisa pengaruh isolasi enzim bromelin buah nanas dan volume enzim bromelin buah nanas terhadap virgin coconut oil. Penelitian ini memvariasikan jenis pelarut pada proses isolasi enzim yaitu aseton, natrium klorida dan natrium asetat serta memvariasikan jumlah enzim yang ditambahkan dalam santan yaitu 2,5 ml, 5 ml, 7,5 ml, dan 10 ml. Kemudian dianalisa kadar asam lemak bebas, kadar air dan sifat organoleptiknya. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai kadar air, nilai kadar asam lemak bebas yang sesuai SNI 7381:2008 adalah penambahan enzim bromelin yang diisolasi NaCl dengan volume 2,5 ml dan 7,5 ml, penambahan enzim bromelin yang diisolasi aseton dengan volume 7,5 ml dan 10 ml, penambahan enzim bromelin yang diisolasi natirum asetat dengan volume 7,5 ml dan 10 ml yaitu senilai 0,2%, dan analisa organoleptik yaitu enzim bromelin yang diisolasi dengan NaCl dan aseton.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH AMPAS TEBU UNTUK PEMBUATAN ARANG BRIKET DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN PEREKAT LEM K DAN TEPUNG BERAS KETAN
Authors: Putri Tarigan Melati Zaldia , Bahri Syamsul , Mulyawan Rizka , Muarif Agam , Luddin Jalal
Published: January 2024

Pentingnya pengembangan sumber energi alternatif semakin meningkat karena semakin berkurangnya sumber daya alam yang tersedia. Salah satu solusi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi alternatif adalah dengan memanfaatkan energi biomassa. Dalam penelitian ini, limbah ampas tebu digunakan sebagai bahan baku biomassa. Penelitian ini mengamati kualitas dari briket arang limbah ampas tebu dengan menggunakan perekat lem K dan Tepung Beras Ketan, dengan ukuran partikel arang 50 mesh, 80 mesh, dan 100 mesh, serta 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, dan 30% lem K dan Tepung Beras Ketan sebagai perekat. Pembuatan briket arang dilakukan dengan metode karbonisasi untuk mengkonversi bahan baku dari suatu zat organik kedalam karbon dengan melakukan pembakaran pada bahan baku untuk mengurangi kelembaban dan zat lain yang tidak diperlukan oleh arang. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji proximate. Penelitian ini sudah pernah dilakukan sebelumnya, yang belum pernah dilakukan dalam memproduksi Briket dengan bahan baku ampas tebu menggunakan perekat Lem K dan Tepung Beras Ketan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa briket arang berkualitas terbaik dapat dihasilkan dengan menggunakan arang berukuran 80 mesh yang dicampur dengan 20% perekat lem K. Briket arang ini memiliki karakteristik dengan kadar air sebesar 6,14%, kadar abu sebesar 8,65%, dan nilai kalor mencapai 5.1312 (cal/g). Dari studi ini, terungkap bahwa limbah tebu dapat dipakai sebagai bahan baku pengganti untuk membuat briket dan lem K dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan perekat dalam proses pembuatan briket. Penggunaan lem K sebagai perekat terbukti dapat meningkatkan mutu briket yang dihasilkan.   Kata Kunci :Arang, Briket, Energi Alternatif, Karbonisasi, Lem K, Limbah Ampas Tebu