bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of flipped learning with traditional learning (face-to-face) in large calculus courses: The effects on students’ achievement and cognitive engagement
Authors: Mohammad Nagham M. , Demers Matthew , Kopel Kayla
Published: September 2023

This research paper investigates the effectiveness of combined flipped classroom (FC) with a plethora of Prep materials, small-group Collaboration, student Presentations, TopHat Clickers, and Engaged labs (PCPCE) on students’ achievement and cognitive engagement from the students’ perceptions. Although FC format is not new, we use a different implementation of an FC (FC-PCPCE) in a calculus class. Educational and edutainment elements were investigated through a questionnaire that assessed learning gain, relatedness, challenges, learner-related factors, and self-reflection in terms of mathematics ability and perceived interest in the subject. We analyze both qualitative and quantitative survey responses from 354 first-year students participating in calculus classes at a large Canadian public university. We compare the perceptions of FC-PCPCE students to those of students in a traditional (i.e., non-flipped) classroom. The survey analysis shows that even with many students enjoying the implementation of FC-PCPCE format, students in the traditional classroom reported higher levels of satisfaction, interest, belonging, content recall, and experienced fewer academic challenges such as procrastination. The results of this study will aid educators in designing courses that benefit students and guide researchers who wish to pursue further studies on this topic.
Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Iraqi Patients with Solid Tumor: Review Article
Authors: Noah A. Mahmood
Published: September 2023

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) or in another term, tumor intimation cells (TICs), represent a small distinct subpopulations cells within cancer cells which have capability for potential self-regeneration and cell proliferation. During division, TICs or CSCs produced two deferent cell types; one cell is progenitor cell and anther is tumor cell that drive tumor initiation and tumor progression. Previous studies on cancer stem cell markers in solid tumor types that including breast cancer, colon cancer and thyroid cancer have using specific markers to detect cancer stem cells, but it is remain not fully clear as the stem cell stairway these markers collapse. In this study we compounded moreover by the existence of multiple cancer stem cell subtypes withinsolid tumors, making realization depending on the use of different markers. This mini review paper concentrate on the recent information in cancer stem cell markers including aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1A1), CD44 , ATP binding protein G2(ABCG2) or breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and OCT3/4 highlight their used and validity in Iraqi patients with solid tumors.
Synthesis, Characterization of 2-(5-Chloro 3,3-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-ylidene)-3-(4-methoxyphenylimino)-propionaldehyde and Testing its Cytotoxic Activity Against Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Aseel Faeq Ghaidan
Published: September 2023

Anew compound of indoleSchiff base derivatives have been synthesized by reaction of 2-(5-Chloro-3,3-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-ylidene)-malonaldehyde with 4-methoxy aniline. The chemical structure of the synthesized compound was characterized by TLC, FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR and APT 13C NMR. The in vitro anticancer activity of the newly synthesized compound tested against AMJ13 breast cancer cell line. The revealed data showed that compound have promising anticancer activity. AMJ13 cell line was time dependent in both 40 and 60 µg/ml and the ideal inhibition rate to AMJ13 cells growth is 66 and 68 % after 72hs. of exposure. However, the lower concentration 20 µg/ml also displayed cytotoxicity against the testedcell line with 50 and 68 % inhibition rate determined after 48 and 72hs. of exposure. The Concentrations 10 and 20 µg/ml gave less than 10% inhibition rate when tested against REF cell line viability for 24, 48 and 72hs. Schiff bases compoundssuggested to have a potential effect by inhibitingcancer cell line, and further studies needed to determine the mechanism of their antitumor activity
Words for ‘Bird’ in Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Forth Gregory
Published: September 2023

This essay explores terms referring to ‘bird (in general)’ in eastern Indonesian languages and considers the extent to which these systematically label a life-form taxon. All belonging to the Central-Malayo-Polynesian group, the languages reveal four ways in which the general category of ‘bird’ is designated: with (1) a reflex of a Malayo-Polynesian protoform reconstructed as * manuk, (2) a descriptive phrase meaning ‘flying animal’, (3) a term originally referring to a particular kind of bird, and (4) a term apparently denoting a more general category of ‘wild creatures’. While the first pattern is exclusive to languages of Timor and the Moluccas (Esser's ‘Ambon-Timor’ group), reflexes of * manuk are also widespread in languages of central and western Flores and Sumba (Esser's ‘Bima-Sumba’ group), where they occur as a specific term for the domestic fowl ( Gallus gallus) and in compound names for a number of other ethno-ornithological folk generics. The implications of the pattern are discussed with reference to evolutionary schemes proposed by Berlin and Brown, and to a recent re-interpretation of the protoform * manuk advanced by Blust.
General Principles of Ethnomycological Classification among the Tzeltal Maya of Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Lampman Aaron M.
Published: September 2023

The Tzeltal Maya of Highland Chiapas, Mexico, regularly gather wild mushrooms as a supplement to the staple diet of corn and beans, especially during the rainy season months from June to December. Fieldwork over 18 months was conducted in the Tzeltal Maya communities of Oxchuc and Tenejapa with the goal of exploring ethnomycological knowledge in the Highland region. Thirty pile sort interviews supplement more than 200 semi-structured interviews concerning the names, uses and folk classification of mushrooms. This paper describes the ways in which the structure of the Tzeltal system of ethnomycological classification conform to the general principles of classification proposed by Berlin (1992).
Technological advances of ammonia as energy storage solution
Authors: Ibim Abba Green  , Kelechi Uchenna Ugoji  , Umar Shamsu  , Igbere Billy Ndukam  , Titus Joseph
Published: September 2023

The renewable energy is playing an important role in transitioning to the decarbonization of the entire energy value chain. But how will the global energy industry accelerate this transition? Renewables and electrification of energy could be a perfect solution. However, intermittency of renewable energy production is the single biggest challenge faced by renewable energy sources, which can be mitigated when it is coupled with an appropriate energy storage system. First, you need to generate electricity from renewable sources and then store it so that it can be extracted whenever there is a demand. There are several energy storage systems that can be coupled with renewables such as fossil fuel storage, mechanical storage, thermal storage, electrochemical storage, and chemical storage. Studies have shown that chemical storage technologies provide clear advantage in terms of storage time and range of power it can store over other similar technologies. It also justifies the recent research activities around various new chemical storage technologies. A combination of the above energy systems works very well for most of the abundant and affordable energy. However, one area where there can be a significant improvement is the carbon emissions associated with fossil fuel-based storage systems. As a result, the energy industry is recently interested in the transition to renewables coupled with non-carbon storage of power as a long term solution to environmental issues. So the possible solution is producing chemical storage options from surplus renewable energy which solves both the hurdles of emissions as well as carbon-free energy storage system. This article analyses whether ammonia can be viewed as an efficient and technological solution to the problem of large-scale and long-duration energy storage in the decarbonized energy systems of the future. Throughout the article, references have been drawn from a wide range of resources and author’s academic and industrial experience. It is intended to use the article as a vehicle to share knowledge with a wide range of audience on utilization of ammonia for energy storage.
Improvement of aluminium alloy properties with aids of elements generated from cow horn additive
Authors: Oguntuase Musa  , Adeyemi Gbenga Joshua  , Stephen Joseph Temitope
Published: September 2023

The researchers in the area of material science have employed various agricultural wastes to improve the properties of aluminium alloys. They took advantage of various elements present in these wastes to enhance the properties of aluminium alloy. The choice of materials should always depend on their capability in term of elements present in them. Inability to choose a material wisely may result into total failure of the components. Materials possess various properties ranging from mechanical properties such as tensile strength and impact strength to electrical properties such as thermal conductivity. Also, some materials have been identified to be deficient in certain areas such as low thermal conductivity, high wear rate, poor ductility, poor machinability, and weak strength, due to some elements present in them. In the present study, aluminium scraps (secondary aluminium) was used as base material and reinforced with locally available inexpensive cow horn particulate (agricultural wastes) of 3, 6, 9 and 12% by weight of aluminium to develop an improved material taking the advantage of the elements present in the reinforcing material. The spectrographic analysis was conducted to determine the chemical compositions of all the specimens, which shows various elements present in control sample and CHp reinforced aluminium alloy. Aluminium is in the range 91.3 - 93.0%, followed by silicon with 4.36 - 5.01%, other elements present include iron, copper, magnesium, manganese, chromium, nickel, zinc, titanium, lead and others. The elements present in each sample were studied and application areas of each sample were suggested.
Assessments of viral load and haematological parameters in HIV patients on HAART in Ilorin, Kwara state
Authors: Kadiri Khairat  , Mujahideen Ayinde  , Amos Dangana  , Igbinosa Favour  , Omosigho Pius  , Helen Daniel Nanbol  , Solomon oloche onoja
Published: September 2023

Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection represents the most common cause of acquired immune deficiency and leads to clinical disease referred to as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) are the gold standard for the management of HIV disease. Viral load indicates that treatment is effective. A high viral load in a person on treatment indicates either that the medication is not being taken properly or that the virus is becoming resistant to the medication. This is a comparative study aimed at assessing the Viral load count and haematological parameters. 120 HIV positive individual and 40 HIV negative subjects were recruited for this study,while haematological parameters were carried out using Sysmex KX-21 analyser. Results was analyzed using SPSS version 20. .Our result shows the following mean absolute counts of haematological parameters; lymphocyte count of HIV positive persons to be 1.42±1.82, Neutrophil 1.64±2.80, Monocyte 0.07±0.08, Basophil 0.05±0.06 Eosinophil 1.71±3.42 while the mean value of TWBC 5.130±1.43, RBC 3.97±0.48, HB 11.41±1.65, MCV 87.054±15.59 and MCHC MCHCf/l, compared to 0.78±0.08, 1.10±0.32, 0.06±0.02, 0.01±0.01 and 1.14±3.42 respectively among the HIV negative individual. In conclusion, we found that the use of antiretroviral drugs could positively or negatively affect haematological parameters, depending on the choice of combination used.
Review of the health and safety awareness of e-waste management activities at two sites in the Accra metropolitan area, Ghana
Authors: Louis Dogbatsey  , Peter Billson Obour  , Alex Owusu Barima  , Cyril Schandorf
Published: September 2023

This work sought to review the awareness of e-waste dealers of the health and safety issues related to the processes associated with e-waste management in two selected sites in Greater Accra Metropolitan Area of Ghana. The review used a structured questionnaire, and focused group interviews to solicit for information from collectors, dissemblers, repairs and recyclers, and to assess the potential health and safety risks faced by e-waste dealers. Health and safety culture practices were not well established leading to very low usage of the full complement of safety equipment to effectively manage health and safety risks associated with their daily work. Health surveillance programmed were not established to ensure the continuing fitness of workers who engage e-waste management activities at the study sites. Government agencies and all stakeholders should work together to promote and enforce sound health and safety culture to govern the e-waste management activities at the study sites.
Geochemistry of the Albian to Upper Maastrichtian formations of the K1 oil well (East of the Côte d’Ivoire offshore basin): Depositional environment and implication of provenance
Authors: Kahou Katel Kizito TOE-BI  , Chia Marie Reine KOKOA  , Kouame Leger DJEYA  , Marc-Ephrem ALLIALY  , Sougo Aoua COULIBALY  , Kouadio Affian  , GOUA Topka Emmanuel
Published: September 2023

The studies were carried out on 93 samples of cuttings from the K1 oil well. These samples were processed using the Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF) method. Chemical analyses contributed to the determination of depositional environments and origin of the sediments. Albian sediments deposited in an environment proximal to the continental characterize the MS1 mega-sequence. In contrast, the MS2 mega-sequence (Cenomanian to Maastrichtian) was deposited in a shallow to deep marine environment marked by a decrease in detrital flow. The ratio Ti/Y, with values below 0.017 in the MS1, means that the sediment source of the mega-sequence MS1would therefore be richer in phosphates, with a contribution from mafic volcanic rocks (rich in illite, iron and magnesium). In contrast to MS1, MS2 is characterized by ratio Ti/Y values above 0.017. This decrease in Yttrium content in this mega-sequence is consistent with Th/Al values below 1.588. This would suggest a richer source of titanium oxides, which could be rutile, sphene or anatase.
Transmission of Helmithiasis in a community and treatment option
Authors: Kasamba IE  , Cyrille Katshiez  , Malangu Mposhy EP
Published: September 2023

Infections caused by parasitics helminths affect more than a billion people worldwide, causing anemia and with significant social and economic impact. To alleviate this burden, affected population resorts to a massive administration of antiparasitics without worrying about improvements in the factors that aid in spreading helminthosis in the community. In this study we are proposing as objectives, that of going in search of the we used questionnaires, oral interviews and direct observations to determine risk factors and treatment options for the disease in two communities of Kolwezi in Democratic Republic of Congo.by on the one hand a household questionnaire and observation of the investigator and others by a census of antihelminths in the pharmacies of the city of Kolwezi. We received 7,014 responses from households and 283 from pharmacies. It was observed from our analysis that most of the plots were clean and dry although sometimes covered with trees and with grass. On average, four households, six children over the age of fifteen and four children under the age of five, and two toilets were observed per plot. The quality of toilets, the source of water supply, the misuse of toilet pots for children under five years old as well as variations in weather conditions were the major risk factors for parasitosis in Kolwezi Occasional stool examination revealed mainly dominated by the feeling of vomiting, fatigue and a nocturnal cough. a small portion of the population had access to laboratory tests which, moreover, were able to observe more Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. The population resorts to self-medication with Mebendazole® and sometimes herbal teas and palm kernel oils. while on medical prescriptions and on the shelves of pharmacies, Albemedazoles was more present. The elements of transmission having been well identified, the start of an education of the population is a necessity and constitutes the next step.
Euthanasia: Right to die with dignity
Authors: ADITI S MILAP
Published: September 2023

Euthanasia, a highly controversial and emotionally charged topic, revolves around the deliberate act of ending a person's life to alleviate their suffering. It is a subject that intertwines complex ethical, legal, and medical considerations. The aim of this article is to provide an in-depth analysis of euthanasia, considering its various forms, arguments for and against, legal status, and the broader implications for society. To facilitate further exploration, this article will also include superscript references to reputable sources. In one of a recent study done 200 consenting medical professionals in a tertiary care center in the North-Western region of India. The age of the respondents was between 23 to 58 years and years of experience ranged between 3 months to 37 years. Results of the study showed that 80% of the participants were in favor of Euthanasia for terminally ill patients.
Health promotion strategies for cardiovascular disease in the community of Uganda: Policies, challenges, and pathways to a healthier future
Authors: Alexandros Argyriadis  , Chrisi Vlachou  , Ioannis Andriopoulos  , Ioannis Dimitrakopoulos
Published: September 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a growing public health challenge in Uganda. This article comprehensively assesses current CVD policies and interventions, identifies challenges, and proposes health promotion strategies to mitigate CVD risk factors. We analyzed existing policies related to tobacco control, alcohol regulation, dietary improvements, physical activity promotion, and access to essential medicines. Current barriers to effective policy implementation were identified through a review of literature and government reports. Potential interventions were synthesized from international best practices. Uganda's current policies indirectly address CVD risk factors, but several barriers hinder their effectiveness, including outdated alcohol laws, limited enforcement resources, and inadequate tobacco cessation measures. Our proposed interventions encompass tobacco control, physical activity promotion, alcohol regulation, food safety, and enhanced access to medicines. To combat the rising CVD burden, Uganda must strengthen tobacco control efforts, promote physical activity at workplaces and schools, update alcohol regulations, improve food safety, and ensure consistent access to essential medicines. These strategies offer a roadmap for a healthier future in Uganda.
Association of severe autoimmune hypothyroidism with reversible proteinuria: A case report
Authors: Salman J. Khan  , Husnain Naveed  , Muhammad Hashim Khan  , Shafqat Ullah  , Calvin Yee Fen Lee  , Sadaf Alam  , Fnu Vishal  , Seemab Sheikh
Published: September 2023

Hypothyroidism is a prevalent medical condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, resulting in insufficient thyroid hormone production. This hormone plays an important role in regulating the body's metabolism, so when its levels are low, it can lead to various metabolic disturbances. In this article, we present a case report of a 50-year-old female with severe hypothyroidism who exhibited several symptoms of renal impairment and hypothyroidism. She had proteinuria along with elevated lipid levels. Following a diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the patient was treated with levothyroxine, resulting in a remarkable reversal of her proteinuria and other symptoms. The lipid profile also showed significant improvement without the need for cholesterol-lowering medications. This case report highlights the importance of recognizing and managing thyroid dysfunction in patients with renal abnormalities. It provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between thyroid function, renal abnormalities, and lipid levels.
Drivers and high-molecular-risk mutations in Argentine patients with primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Mara Jorgelina Ojeda  , Georgina Maroni  , Marina Misaña  , María Victoria Schoepf  , Daniela Bonavita  , Arianna Flavia Pratti
Published: September 2023

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF), a BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasm, is a heterogeneous clinical and genetic disorder with a poor prognosis. We aimed to study the mutational profile of driver genes (JAK2, CALR, and MPL) and high-molecular-risk (HMR) genes (ASXL1, EZH2, IDH1/2, and SRSF2) and their prognostic impact in 65 Argentine patients with PMF. Mutually exclusive driver mutations were identified in 88% of the cases and HMR mutations were detected in 37% of patients, including 37.5% of triple negative cases. ASXL1 and SRSF2 were the most frequently mutated HMR genes, and a significant association between these mutations was observed (P = 0.04). Additionally, age >65 years, lower hemoglobin level, constitutional symptoms, male sex, and bone marrow (BM) fibrosis grade ≥ 2 were correlated with ASXL1 mutations, and circulating blasts with SRSF2 mutations. HMR mutations were significantly associated with inferior overall survival (P < 0.001). These mutations were more frequent with increasing risk of DIPSS score and allowed us to identify patients with poor survival in intermediate DIPSS groups. The application of the MIPSS70 score stratified our patients into three risk groups, with significant differences in overall survival (P < 0.001). Interestingly, 85% of the patients who were upgraded to a higher risk category compared to the DIPSS score showed a HMR profile. In conclusion, our study contributes to the understanding of the mutational landscape in MFP, supports the integration of molecular data to improve prognostic models and reinforces the adverse prognostic impact of HMR mutations, particularly in ASXL1 and SRSF2 genes.
Removal of lead ions from wastewater using raw and activated carbon of Pterocarpus santalinoides shell
Authors: Christopher C. Onyemenonu  , Leo C. Osuji  , Nnaemeka C. Ngobiri
Published: September 2023

Removing toxic metals from the environment is a primary concern for researchers because of their hazardous effects. In this study, raw and activated Pterocarpus santalinoides shell was utilized in removal of lead (Pb) metal from an aqueous solution. The prepared adsorbents were analysed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mineral composition to identify their structural composition and understand the adsorption mechanism. The influence of various adsorption variables such as dose of adsorbents, initial concentration of lead metal, contact time, solution temperature, and adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamic parameters was studied. Adsorption efficiencies and capacities for the adsorbents were calculated. Based on the results generated, the two different adsorbents utilised showed a good alternative to commercial materials, with removal efficiencies greater than 80%. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order model showed good fits to the experimental data. Moreover, the thermodynamic results revealed that the adsorption of Pb ions via the raw and activated carbon of Pterocarpus santalinoides shell was an endothermic and spontaneous process. According to this research, Pterocarpus santalinoides shell, being an agricultural waste, might be explored as an efficient adsorbent for extracting Pb ions from wastewater.
An investigation of the challenges of virtual learning in tertiary institutions in cross River state: The post covid-19 Era
Authors: Osim TA  , Ewona IO
Published: September 2023

In 2020 the global academic calendar was halted as a result of corona virus pandemic and most schools switched immediately to online learning. This was not the case with schools in Cross River State, as they lack facilities and the technology to run virtual programs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the challenges of virtual learning implementation in tertiary institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve the purpose of the study, four research questions were raised to guide the study. Literature was carried out accordingly; the study adopted a mixed method research design. The design was a convergent parallel design that involves the use of qualitative and quantitative approach to data collection and analysis and the population of this study comprises of all teaching staff, students and the administrators from the five selected tertiary institutions under study. Stratified sampling technique was used to select a total of 3000 respondents; of which 2000 were students and 1000 were staff, randomly selected from the population. Two structured instruments were developed for data collection. Also interview was used for data collection and Data collection was done by the researchers and analysed using simple percentage, bar graphs and one sample t- test statistics. Based on the findings, it was revealed that Majority of the students are aware of the utilization of online learning resources in the study area · Lack of internet facilities, lack of internet enabled phones, among others are the perceived challenges that hinders students’ utilization of online learning resources · Academic staffs require skills to effectively use the online learning platforms · Academic staffs do not have the competences required for the utilization of online learning platforms in the study area among others. Based on the findings it was recommended that Staff and students should be trained on how to use the online learning resources for educational purpose, Tertiary institutions in the state should as a matter of urgency incorporate and enforce online learning in their policies and programmes. Government should support the various institutions to invest on internet facilities as well as create a conducive environment for effective online learning delivery.
Implementation of marketing strategies in improving marketing performance at CV. Tio Craft Indonesia
Authors: Jana Ristia Ningsih  , Tony Wijaya
Published: September 2023

CV. Tio Craft Indonesia is required to achieve marketing performance in order to compete competitively. Various types of products with designs have been created to meet consumer needs. However, the increasingly competitive business competition has an impact on sales that have decreased. Therefore, it is important to understand the company's internal and external environment in order to develop the right strategy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats as well as the application of appropriate marketing strategies to CV. Tio Craft Indonesia in improving marketing performance. This research is a descriptive research and SWOT analysis. Sample with purposive sampling method or based on certain criteria. Sampling is divided into two types of collection. First, for sample interviews, 4 informants were selected who had experience and were responsible for the CV business process. Tio Craft Indonesia. Second, for distributing questionnaires to see respondents' perceptions regarding SWOT factors, a sample of 10 respondents was selected who are permanent employees who work in the company. There are several stages in conducting a CV SWOT analysis. Tio Craft Indonesia, namely: 1) internal and external environmental analysis; 2) IFAS and EFAS Matrix analysis; 3) space matrix analysis; 4) SWOT matrix; and 5) QSPM. Data analysis used a descriptive approach with several stages, namely: data reduction, data display, data interpretation, conclusions, and data verification. The results of the study show that the CV strategy. Tio Craft Indonesia is in quadrant I position by implementing an aggressive strategy. The strategy is carried out to assist in increasing market growth and relative market share of the organization with six alternative strategies, namely: 1) Increasing promotion through information technology; 2) Maintain and improve the quality of various and innovative products so that they are able to compete with competitors; 3) Increasing cooperation with the government in expanding domestic and international markets; 4) Addition of facilities and infrastructure; 5) Borrowing KUR credit at the Bank for business expansion; 6) Implementation of the Just-in-Time (JIT) Inventory Management system.
Acute Pancreatitis: A clinical perspective
Authors: Carlos Daniel Orozco Sierra  , Reiner León Cifuentes  , Daniela Rodríguez Sierra  , Mayra Manrique  , Víctor Jaimes  , David Fernando Farah Borrero
Published: September 2023

Acute pancreatitis is one of the main gastrointestinal disorders that is characterized by an acute inflammatory process of the pancreatic tissue with variability in severity, usually with a mild and self-limiting presentation, and presenting a low mortality. Biliary etiology is the leading cause of acute pancreatitis worldwide, with greater involvement in the female gender. Within the diagnostic approach, acute abdominal pain and intense onset in the epigastrium radiating to the back is usually the most representative symptom that leads to suspicion of this entity, accompanied by elevation of pancreatic enzymes and the presence of typical image findings of inflammation of the pancreas. The objection to identifying which patients are at risk of developing local or systemic complications has led to the creation of different scales predicting the severity of pancreatitis with performances that are still debatable. Therapeutic management has two fundamental pillars, fluid resuscitation to maintain or restore tissue perfusion and adequate nutritional support to counteract the catabolic state and reduce the rate of infectious complications. In the context in which the cause is a biliary origin, its resolution is important to avoid progression to chronic pancreatitis.
Body composition and somatic indices: determinants of timing of menarche
Authors: Payel Banerjee  , Purushottam Pramanik
Published: September 2023

Menarche is the signal of initiation of reproductive age of girls. Age at menarche is associated with health outcome at adulthood. Body fat mass and BMI influence menarcheal age. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association of body composition and body fat distribution with age at menarche. This was a cross sectional questionnaire based study conducted among school girls having age limit 10-14 years who experienced menarche not more than previous three months. Only unmarried adolescent females were included in the study however, females with gynecological, psychological or other medical problems were excluded from the study. Quantitative data were presented as percentage and/or mean + standard deviation. T-test was done to determine significance of difference between physical characteristics of females early age at menarche and reference age at menarche. T-test, chi square test and logistic regression analysis were done. We also evaluated correlation between age at menarche and physical parameters. The significance levels of the tests were considered at a significance level of 0.05. About one-four of study population acquired menarche at age below 12 years and remaining three-fourth acquired menarche at 12-14 years. Significant negative correlation was noted between age at menarche and body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, Waste circumference, Hip circumference, waist – hip ratio and waist- height ratio. Significant positive correlation was obtained between age at menarche and neck circumference. Significant association was observed between menarcheal age and study parameters. Logistic regression analysis suggests that body fat percentage, BMI, body weight, body fat distribution may be considered as risk factors for early menarche. Age at menarche is negatively correlate with BMI, body fat percentage, Waste circumference, Hip circumference, waist – hip ratio and waist- height ratio. Thus BMI, Body fat% and central obesity markers are considered as determinant of age at menarche.
Spatial statistical methodologies in COVID-19 Studies: A systematic review
Authors: Thi-Quynh Nguyen  , Thi-Yen Mai
Published: September 2023

Objective: As of August 2023, COVID-19 had claimed 7 million lives, making it the pandemic with the highest mortality rate. Therefore, The use of cutting-edge technologies and methods is essential when battling the COVID-19 epidemic. This paper aims to systematically review and synthetize applications of spatial statistical methodologies in the analysis of COVID-19. Material and Methods: 55 articles in total were screened from four main digital databases including Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Google schoolar. Three distinct concerns with the use of spatial statistical techniques in the analysis of COVID-19 are discussed, namely (i) applications of spatial regressions in the evaluation of COVID-19's effects, (ii) COVID-19 mapping using of hotspots and spatial clustering analyses, and (iii) applications of interpolation and geostatistics on COVID-19 studies, respectively. Results: Spatial regressions can support the assessment of the COVID-19 impacts on social-economy and environment. Whereas, hotspots and spatial clustering analysis can help effectively on COVID-19 mapping. Last but not least, geostatistics and interpolation are crucial for predicting COVID-19. Conclusion: This review not only emphasises the significance of spatial statistical techniques in COVID-19 studies, but it also sheds light on the practical applications of spatial statistics in COVID-19 research.
Penyuluhan Penurunan Fungsi Kognitif dan Kecemasan serta Peragaan Senam Otak pada Lansia
Authors: Silviana Meyvita , Noerhidajati Elly , Rosdiana Ika , Maharani Virgi Mayang
Published: September 2023

Peningkatan populasi lanjut usia terjadi di seluruh dunia. Seiring pertambahan umur harapan hidup serta populasi lanjut usia, terjadi peningkatan disabilitas akibat penyakit degeneratif. Masalah yang sering terjadi adalah penurunan fungsi kognitif dan kecemasan. Penurunan kinerja otak dapat menyebabkan lansia sulit melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari dalam hal membuat keputusan, daya ingat, konsentrasi dan dapat diperparah atau menyebabkan kecemasan. Lansia yang berada di panti lansia dapat beresiko terjadi kecemasan, disebabkan oleh jauh dari keluarga, kurangnya percaya diri dan motivasi, perasaan tidak berdaya. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta dalam mengetahui faktor resiko serta mencegah kejadian penurunan fungsi kognitif dan kecemasan serta dapat melaksanakan senam otak. Metode yang digunakan yaitu penyuluhan dan screening fungsi kognitif, kecemasan dan faktor resiko dengan sasaran lansia yang tinggal di panti lansia sejumlah 15 orang. Setelah dilakukan screening, didapatkan lansia dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif, kecemasan dan faktor resiko metabolik. Sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan kami memberikan pertanyaan secara acak mengenai materi penyuluhan, peserta dapat menjawab dengan benar setelah penyuluhan dibandingkan sebelumnya. Seluruh peserta mengikuti dan memperagakan senam otak yang dipandu oleh instruktur.

The aging population is increasing worldwide. As life expectancy increases and the elderly population increases, there is an increase in disability due to degenerative diseases. The problems that often occur are decreased cognitive function and anxiety. Decreased brain performance can make it difficult for the elderly to carry out daily activities in terms of making decisions, memory, concentration and can be exacerbated or cause anxiety. Elderly who are in elderly homes can be at risk of anxiety, caused by being away from family, lack of confidence and motivation, feelings of helplessness. The purpose of this activity is to increase participants' knowledge in knowing risk factors and preventing the occurrence of decreased cognitive function and anxiety and to be able to carry out brain exercises. The method used is counseling and screening of cognitive function, anxiety, and risk factors with the target of 15 elderly people living in nursing homes. After screening, the elderly was found to have decreased cognitive function, anxiety, and metabolic risk factors. Before and after the counseling we randomly asked questions about the counseling material, participants were able to answer correctly after the counseling compared to before. All participants followed and demonstrated brain exercises guided by the instructur.
DISKURSUS HUKUM PROGRESIF DALAM PENEGAKAN DAN PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Kennedy Richard
Published: September 2023

Hukum lingkungan di Indonesia cenderung mengabaikan kepentingan alam karena hanya menjadikan alam sebagai objek yang dapat dikuasai dan dimanfaatkan manusia. Hukum adalah abstraksi dari hasil reduksi berbagai nilai dan realita dalam memberikan kuasa yang menimbulkan dominasi dan eksploitasi. Sayangnya, abstraksi itu lebih berprespektif antroposentris, ketimbang ekosentris sehingga mempengaruhi penegakan hukum. Akibatnya, hak dan kepentingan alam dikorbankan sehingga alam tak mendapatkan keadilan. Hukum progresif dan cinta mampu menjadi solusi, untuk melakukan rule breaking demi mewujudkan keadilan bagi alam. Penelitian hukum ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus. Pemikiran postmodern dan progresif akan digunakan sebagai dasar analisa. Artikel ini mengkaji berbagai pemikiran etis tentang lingkungan sekaligus pandangan yang digunakan dalam hukum lingkungan. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya hukum dan cara berhukum mekanistik reduksionis dengan perspektif antroposentris yang kental untuk menciptakan keadilan bagi alam dengan gagasan hukum progresif yang berdasar prespektif holistik ekosentris. Hukum progresif yang holistik sebagai solusi dalam memberikan keadilan substantif bagi alam.Environmental law in Indonesia tends to ignore the interests of nature because it only makes nature an object that can be controlled and utilized by humans. Law is an abstraction of the results of the reduction of various values and realities in giving power that leads to domination and exploitation. Unfortunately, the abstraction is more anthropocentric, rather than ecocentric, so that it affects law enforcement. As a result, the rights and interests of nature are sacrificed so that nature does not get justice. Progressive law and love can be a solution, to do rule breaking in order to realize justice for nature. This legal research uses a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. Postmodern and progressive thinking will be used as the basis for the analysis. This article will examine various ethical thoughts about the environment as well as the views used in environmental law. This study emphasizes the importance of reductionist mechanistic law and law with a strong anthropocentric perspective to create justice for nature with progressive legal ideas based on an ecocentric holistic perspective. Progressive law holistically can be a solution in providing substantive justice for nature.
ANALISIS PERAWATAN MESIN HYDRAULIC PRESS GUNA MEMINIMALKAN KERUSAKAN DAN UNTUK MENGHITUNG BIAYA PERAWATAN ( STUDI KASUS : PT. ELANG JAGAD, SIDOARJO )
Authors: Afandi Ahmad Shifari , Lokajaya I Nyoman
Published: September 2023

PT. Elang Jagad adalah produsen kompor gas yang berlokasi di Jl. Kubis Sugiono No. 53 RT.05 RW.02, Desa Ngingas, Kecamatan Waru Sidorojo. Ada lima mesin yang sering mogok, dengan Mesin Hidraulic Press mengalami downtime selama 4.700 menit. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuat rencana perawatan Mesin Press Hidrolik dan mengidentifikasi pendekatan perawatan yang paling hemat biaya. Dengan memakai pendekatan Preventive Maintenance, penelitian ini memakai metodologi tersebut. Perhitungan kehandalan setiap komponen mesin Hidraulic Press menghasilkan tingkat keandalan 0,5 untuk komponen pompa hidrolik. Komponen reservoir tank punya tingkat keandalan 0,5, Komponen Control valve punya tingkat keandalan satu hari sebesar 0,48, Komponen Cylinder punya tingkat keandalan satu hari sebesar 0,56, Komponen Oil cooler punya tingkat keandalan satu hari sebesar 0,5, dan Konduktor komponen punya tingkat keandalan satu hari sebesar 0,5. Selain itu, interval perawatan ditentukan dengan metode Age Replacement, sebagai berikut: 59 hari untuk komponen hydraulic Pumps, 31 hari untuk komponen Reservior tank, 26 hari untuk komponen Controlvalve, 23 hari untuk komponen Cylinder, 28 hari untuk komponen Oil cooler, dan 28 hari untuk komponen Conductor. berlandaskan perhitungan, total biaya perawatan sebelum preventif dengan keandalan adalah Rp 13.140.000. Biaya perawatan sesudah perawatan preventif dengan keandalan adalah Rp 12.247.378,72. Dan diketahui ada selisih sebesar Rp 892.621,28 hasil perhitungan biaya sebelum dan sesudah perawatan preventif. PT. Pengeluaran Eagle Jagad bisa dikurangi akibat perhitungan yang dilaksanakan sesudah perawatan preventif dibandingkan dengan perhitungan yang dilaksanakan sebelum perawatan preventif.
Kata Kunci
ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI TERHADAP PEMBUATAN LEMARI DEPOT AIR MINUM ISI ULANG DI UD HAJIR FILTER
Authors: Sandi Adi Kurnia , Harijanto Sentijanen Djoko
Published: September 2023

UD. Hajir filter atau sering dikenal warga dengan nama UD HF merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang manufaktur perusahaan ini berdiri pada Tahun 2018 yang terletak di Desa Bendil jaya RT.2 RW.6 Menganti Gresik, dengan membuat layanan berbagai alat diantaranya adalah lemari isi ulang air minum. untuk menekan biaya produksi maka perlu dilakukannya perhitungan secara rinci, karena menghitung berdasarkan perkiraan biaya-biaya yang telah dibebankan pihak pemilik UMKM tidak mempertimbangkan atau menghitung terlebih dahulu biaya non produksi yang dikeluarkan. Akibatnya perusaan sulit dalam mengetahui keuntungan yang pasti didapatkannya dan tidak adanya dasar perhitungan harga pokok produksi yang jelas. Dari permasalahan yang ada akan berdampak pada harga jual yang diberikan oleh UD. Maka diperlukan suatu cara perhitungan dalam menentukan harga pokok produksi dengan berdasarkan pada harga standar untuk mendapatkan harga pokok produksi yang lebih tepat, dengan rumus penentuan harga pokok produksi. komponen biaya tersebut akan dihitung harga standarnya. Maka dengan ini perlu dilakukan perhitungan harga pokok produksi dengan menggunakan metode yang sesuai yaitu metode job order dalam penentuan nilai jual. Job order menurut Mulyadi (2015), karakteristik usaha perusahaan yang produksi berdasarkan pesanan tersebut di atas berpengaruh terhadap pengumpulan biaya produksi, menentukan harga jual yang akan dibebankan kepada pesanan, mempertimbangkan penerimaan atau penolakan pesanan, Memantau realisasi biaya produksi, menghitung laba atau rugi tiap pesanan. Harga pokok produksi yang telah dikeluarkan dengan menggunakan metode job order costing adalah untuk lemari isi ulang air minum.
Effect of Optimum Utilization of Silica Fume and Lime On the Stabilization of Problematic Soils
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Zaini Muhammad Syamsul Imran , Hasan Muzamir ,   Universiti Malaysia Pahang
Published: September 2023

Chemically stabilized soil studies have revealed that the efficiency of stabilization is primarily depends on the natural environment of the soil. Problematic soils such as silt and clay do not satisfy the standards for structural applications at this stage because under relatively mild stress conditions, the soils can expand, collapse, disperse, settle excessively, or even fail which can lead to structural failure. Moreover, the improvement of kaolin soil stays a test because of the significant expense and non-eco-accommodating material such as concrete. This study aims at the kaolin soil stabilization by utilizing 4% and 6% of silica fume and several percentage inclusion of lime. The lime percentages of 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%, whereas the ratio of silica fume is set at 4% and 6%. The primary goal of this study is to increase the shear strength of soft kaolin soil blended with 4% and 6% of silica fume (SF) and varying amounts of lime (L). The soil parameters were evaluated for kaolin soil alone and for 4% and 6% of silica fume blended with varying percentages of lime. The findings disclose that the optimal percentages of silica fume and lime in terms of maximum shear strength at 176.91 kPa of improvement were 4% and 7% respectively due to the pozzolanic reaction between silica fume and lime was more successful with soil particles. The combination of silica fume and lime blended with the kaolin soil can highly enhanced the strength of the soil up to 88.10% compared to the lime and silica fume mixed alone with the optimal proportion of 4% of silica fume and 7% of lime which can reduce the environmental pollution with the reduction in carbon dioxide emission during production and provides economic benefits due to the low cost of materials.
Mechanical Properties of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Fabricated from Three Malaysian Hardwood Species
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia, Mohamad Bhkari Norshariza , Chen Lum Wei ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia, Nordin Muhammad Shaiful ,   Malaysian Timber Industry Board, Zainal Nazatul Syuhada ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia, Za’ba Nurul Izzatul Lydia ,   Manipal International University, Ahmad Zakiah ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia
Published: September 2023

Theapplication of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) has long been limited to non-structural elements in Malaysia.LVL is commonly fabricated with veneer from low to medium density (290 to 630 kg/m3)softwood or temperate hardwood. The data on the properties of LVL made from medium to high density (567 to 687 kg/m3)tropical hardwood species is very limited. Therefore, this study investigated the mechanical properties of LVL fabricated from Malaysian hardwood species namely Kasai (Pometiaspp.), Mengkulang (Heritieraspp.) and Kedondong (Canariumspp.). Different variables were studied: i) wood species; ii) loading direction (flatwise or edgewise), iii) grain direction (parallel and perpendicular), iv) treatment condition. The bending and compression test was carried out in accordance with EN 408:2012, while the block shear test was conducted based on EN14374:2004 and EN 314-1:2004.The results show that the grain direction has the most significant effect (P≤ 0.01)on bending, compressive and bonding properties of the samples tested. The treatment conditions for block shear test also displayed significant effect on its shear strength. The samples loaded parallelly displayed 320-450% higher bending valuesthan the samples loaded perpendicularly. The compressive strength and compressive modulus were 323-365% and 523-2530% higher respectively when loaded parallelly.LVL performed the best mechanically when loaded parallelly and when subjected to Treatment A which was the least extreme treatment condition.