bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient proxy for Time-Lapse Seismic ForwardModeling using U-Net Encoder-Decoder Approach
Authors: Diniz Michael Macedo , Maleki Masoud , Cirne Marcos , Danaei Shahram , Oliveira João , Schiozer Denis José , Davolio Alessandra , Rocha Anderson
Published: December 2023

The time-lapse seismic (4D seismic) forward modeling provides crucial data for calibrating reservoir models through the reservoir data assimilation method. Unfortunately, conventional 4D seismic forward modeling methodology is time-expensive and entails significant computational resource consumption. To address these drawbacks, in this work, our goal is to develop a proxy model for the 4D seismic forward modeling using a class of machine learning algorithm named U-Net encoder-decoder. We applied the developed proxy model to a benchmark carbonate reservoir using an ensemble of reservoir simulation models from UNISIM IV (a synthetic benchmark based on real data of a Brazilian pre-salt field). Moreover, we aim to introduce seminal strategies for interpreting the proposed proxy model operation, its outputs, and possible correlations between input and output variables. To achieve this, we trained and tested two versions of U-net-based models and applied methods for explainable AI, such as Grad-CAM and Forward Feature Selection. The experiments showed good results when applied to the test dataset. The R-squared values were in the range of 0.7 to 0.9, showing the efficiency of the proxy model to replace the 4D seismic forward modeling. Additionally, the qualitative analysis helped us identify which input properties and regions of the reservoir are more relevant for the model's inference. These results are a valuable preliminary step toward a robust, explainable machine learning-based proxy forward modeling.
Enhancing Grid Tagging Schema with Hybrid Contrastive Learning for Aspect-level Sentiment Triplet Extraction
Authors: Zheng Guangmin , Wang Jin , Yu Liang-Chih , Zhang Xuejie
Published: December 2023

Aspect-based sentiment triplet extraction (ASTE) is a fine-grained opinion mining to jointly extract a triplet consisting of aspect terms, opinion terms, and sentiment polarity. Previous works tried incorporating extra dependency information by stacking complex graph convolution networks (GCN) on transformers to learn the relationship between the aspects and their associated opinion. While the number of existing datasets is still insufficient, the GCN-accompanied redundant parameters in each method require more samples to provide supervised information, leading to the model being trapped by overfitting. Instead of stacking GCNs, this study proposes an enhanced grid tagging scheme with hybrid contrastive learning, exploiting a self-supervised training approach from the negative samples. Specifically, sentiment-aware contrastive learning (SCL) is applied by introducing word-level continuous sentiment information in the valence-arousal space. Syntactic-aware graph contrastive learning (SGCL) is used to guide the language model to gain the ability to capture dependencies. Supervised tagging contrastive learning (STCL) is further adapted to guide the language model to distinguish both positive and negative samples. Hybrid contrastive learning can provide extra supervision information but only introduce tolerable parameters. Extensive experimental results on the ASTE-Data-V2 datasets show that the proposed model significantly outperforms previous baselines.
The pain target NaV1.7 is expressed late during human iPS cell differentiation into sensory neurons as determined in high resolution imaging
Authors: Liu Yi , Balaji Rachna , Toledo Marcelo A. Szymanski , Ernst Sabrina , Hautvast Petra , Zenke Martin , Neureiter Anika , Lampert Angelika
Published: December 2023

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) are efficiently differentiated into sensory neurons. These cells express the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7, which is a validated pain target. NaV1.7 deficiency leads to pain insensitivity, whereas NaV1.7 gain-of-function mutants are associated with chronic pain. Here we used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to generate a HA-tag NaV1.7 to follow its expression. We used two differentiation protocols for generation sensory neurons: the classical small molecule approach and a directed differentiation methodology and assessed surface NaV1.7 expression by Airyscan high resolution microscopy. Our results show that maturation of at least 49 days is necessary to observe robust NaV1.7 surface expression in both protocols. A clinically effective NaV1.7-blocker is still missing, and we expect this iPS cell model system to be useful for drug discovery and disease modeling.
Off the script and crypt: the systematic affinities and evolutionary significance of an unexpected Sparassodonta (Mammalia, Metatheria) from Itaborai Basin (early Eocene)
Authors: Rangel Caio César , Carneiro Leonardo Melo , Guimarães Bruno Maurício Graichen , Bampi Hugo , Oliveira Édison Vicente
Published: December 2023

The early Eocene Itaboraí fauna in southeastern Brazil has preserved two of the oldest known sparassodonts in South America, Patene simpsoni and Silvenator brasiliensis. Among the specimens assigned to Patene simpsoni, some differ in their significant smaller size, and in having separated paracone and metacone, flat labial borders of paracone and metacone, labial contact of the centrocrista on second lower molar, and a more elongated and less robust dentary. To test the taxonomic significance of these smaller specimens, we performed a PCA and a t-student test of lower molar measurements. The analyses showed that the smaller specimens do not overlap the morphospace of Patene simpsoni, which is an indicative of a new taxon, herein known as Xenocynus crypticus. The inclusion of Xenocynus in the concept of a phylogenetic analysis recovered that the differential dental features observed on this taxon represent synapomorphies for it in comparison with Patene. Some of Xenocynus dental features are convergent with the ones found on Hondadelphys and Stylocynus, two Miocene taxa. However, the presence of StC and large metaconids on m1-2 in Xenocynus confidently support these similarities as evolutionary convergence with these Miocene taxa. The dental features of X. crypticus suggest an insectivorous-carnivorous diet.
Combined studies of N170/M170 responses to single letters and pseudoletters
Authors: Toussi Nima , Takai Osamu , Bann Sewon , Bann Seho , Rowe Jacob , Hildebrand Andrew-John I. , Herdman Anthony T.
Published: December 2023

To read efficiently, individuals must be able to rapidly identify letters within their visual networks, which occurs through forming line segments into letters and then letters into words. The temporal processes and utilized brain areas that engage in this process are widely thought to be left-lateralized within the brain. However, a range of studies demonstrate that the processing of unfamiliar stimuli, such as pseudoletters, is temporally delayed and bilaterally processed when compared to letters. This study investigated the contributions of both hemispheres and how these interactions impact the temporal dynamics of implicit visual processing of single-letters as compared to unfamiliar pseudoletters (false fonts). The results of 5 “in-house” studies are presented within a meta-analysis (synthesis analysis). Delayed N170 waveforms to pseudoletters as compared to letters were exhibited across all studies. Lateralization of the ERP differences between letter-evoked and pseudoletter-evoked responses were bilaterally distributed, whereas lateralization measure separately for letters and pseudoletters were primarily left-lateralized. As a whole, these in-house studies indicate that ERPs occur earlier in letters relative to pseudoletters, and that interpretation of hemispheric laterality depends on whether the researcher is assessing ERP differences between letters and pseudoletters or the ERP waveforms of the separate letter and pseudoletter conditions.
Assessment of Quality of Medical Records and Associated Factors in Public Hospital of Wolayta Zone, South Ethiopia , 2023 Mixed Study
Authors: Jemal Muhidn , markos Terefe , jemal muhidn
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Medical record is a multifunctional document that is used to communicate and document critical information about patients’ medical care among health care professionals. Medical record completeness is a key performance indicator that is related with delivery of health care services in the hospital. Medical recording system has faced challenges related with resources and lack of infrastructure in worldwide trend. Studies have indicated that medical record systems are lacking medical record management quality in low income countries. Therefore, this study aims to explore the quality of medical record at public hospitals in Wolaiyta zone.
Methods and materials:
Institutional based cross-sectional study concurrently with qualitative study using stratified sampling method was conducted from March 1–15, 2023. A purposive criterion sampling method key interview method was used qualitative data. A total of 406 Medical records were reviewed at three public hospitals in Wolaiyta zone. Review of medical records was done using a checklist and key informant interviews of health professionals and medical record staff. The quantitative data were collected kobo toolkits and exported and analyzed by SPSS version 26.0.the qualitative data was collected analyzed manually by thematic analysis.
Results
A total of 406 medical records were reviewed .In the assessment of quality of medical record, clinical components were lowered (76%) compared to Administrative components (87%).Majority of the respondents said that|“… Since lack of regular monitoring and evaluation process, there was problem in quality of medical records in the hospital According to the expected national standard, the study also showed that average quality of medical records of the study area was 68%. Records tertiary hospitals were 44.5% less likely to be quality record as compared to records in primary hospitals.
Conclusion
The overall quality of medical records in wolaita Zone was very low for components of the quality of medical records as per the standard of hospital requirements.
Evaluating Large Language Models in Ransomware Negotiation: A Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT and Claude
Authors: Kumamoto Takako , Yoshida Yunko , Fujima Himari
Published: December 2023

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the application of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically ChatGPT and Claude, in the context of ransomware negotiation. Ransomware, an increasingly prevalent and sophisticated cyber threat, necessitates innovative response strategies. This study examines the capabilities of these LLMs in simulating human-like negotiation tactics against ransomware attacks, focusing on two main types: cryptographic and data exfiltration ransomware. Through a series of controlled simulations, the efficacy of ChatGPT and Claude in understanding complex language constructs, formulating negotiation strategies, and their adaptability to varying ransomware scenarios is evaluated. The research highlights the strengths of these models in response accuracy, adaptability, and psychological manipulation resistance. However, it also reveals their susceptibility to producing hallucinations — instances of unrealistic or inaccurate responses. The study contributes to the understanding of AI's potential in cybersecurity, emphasizing the need for improvements in AI reliability, ethical considerations, and the integration of human oversight. The findings suggest that while LLMs hold promising potential in enhancing cyber defense mechanisms, their deployment in high-stakes scenarios like ransomware negotiations must be approached with caution and continuous oversight.
Strain-specific Features of Pleurotus Osreatus Growth in Vitro and Some of Its Biological Activities
Authors: Tetiana Krupodorova , Victor Barshteyn , Victoria Tsygankova , Mustafa Sevindik , Yaroslav Blume
Published: December 2023

Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium is widely used as a base for a variety of food and other products. This study focuses on P. ostreatus strains, increasing the production of their mycelium, studying some valuable biological properties in order to select the best strain. Using of nutrient media based on combination of natural waste (amaranth flour cake and wheat germ, wheat bran, chopped vermicelli and crumbs) has been increased the yield of P. ostreatus strains mycelium by 2.2–2.9 times compared to the control. P. ostreatus strains 551 and 1685 were more receptive to positive assimilation of all investigated growth regulators Ivin, Methyur and Kamethur used in concentrations ranged from 10− 6 to 10− 9 M (mol/l). The highest radical scavenging effect displayed by P. ostreatus 1685 (61 and 56%) and both of its mycelial extracts (EtOH and EtOAc) showed high phenolic content (7.17 and 6.73 mg of GAE/g). The maximal TPC (7.52 mg of GAE/g) demonstrated EtOH extract of P. ostreatus 2461. P. ostreatus 2462 is a high yielding strain that showed the maximum mycelial growth (15.0 ± 0.8 mm/day on PDA) on solid and liquid media and its EtOAc mycelial extract good inhibited growth of Escherichia coli (17.0 ± 0.9 mm). Mediocre growth had P. ostreatus 2460 but it can success suppressed Staphylococcus aureus growth (21.5 ± 0.5 mm). All used P. ostreatus strains displayed strong antagonistic activity in co-cultivation with Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Issatchenkia orientalis, Fusarium poae, Microdochium nivalе. Among used strains, P. ostreatus 1685 is quite tolerant to growth conditions and the most promising culture.
Diazotroph connectomics in Gulf Stream eddies supports N2 fixation in the North Atlantic
Authors: Hoerstmann Cora , Aguiar-González Borja M. , Barrillon Stéphanie , Bastos Cécile Carpaneto , Grosso Olivier , Pérez-Hernández M. D. , Doglioli Andrea M. , Petrenko Anne A. , Benavides Mar
Published: December 2023

Mesoscale oceanic eddies contribute to the redistribution of resources for plankton to thrive, but due to their fluid trapping capacity, eddies can also isolate plankton communities, subjecting them to rapidly changing environmental conditions. Diazotrophs, with their ability to fix dinitrogen (N2), are key members of the plankton community, providing reactive nitrogen for other organisms, particularly in large nutrient-depleted regions such as subtropical gyres. However, there is still limited knowledge about how mesoscale structures characterized by specific local environmental conditions can affect the distribution and metabolic response of diazotrophs compared to the large-scale dynamics of an oceanic region. Here, we investigated diazotroph diversity and activity within the Gulf Stream and two associated eddies, a region with intense mesoscale activity known for its significant role in nutrient transport into the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre. We show that eddy edges are hotspots for diazotroph activity with potential community connectivity between eddies. Using a long-term mesoscale eddy database, we quantified eddies that, having shed off the Gulf Stream, occur over the summer season and estimated that they provide ~ 21 µmol N m− 2 yr− 1 to the region. Our analysis warrants to include mesoscale eddies as hotspots for reactive nitrogen input in the oceanic nitrogen cycle.
Collective radiative interactions in the discrete truncated Wigner approximation
Authors: Mink Christopher D. , Fleischhauer Michael
Published: December 2023

Interfaces of light and matter serve as a platform for exciting many-body physics and photonic quantum technologies. Due to the recent experimental realization of atomic arrays at sub-wavelength spacings, collective interaction effects such as superradiance have regained substantial interest. Their analytical and numerical treatment is however quite challenging. Here we develop a semiclassical approach to this problem that allows to describe the coherent and dissipative many-body dynamics of interacting spins while taking into account lowest-order quantum fluctuations. For this purpose we extend the discrete truncated Wigner approximation, originally developed for unitarily coupled spins, to include collective, dissipative spin processes by means of truncated correspondence rules. This maps the dynamics of the atomic ensemble onto a set of semiclassical, numerically inexpensive stochastic differential equations. We benchmark our method with exact results for the case of Dicke decay, which shows excellent agreement. For small arrays we compare to exact simulations, again showing good agreement at early times and at moderate to strong driving, and to a second order cumulant expansion. We conclude by studying the radiative properties of a spatially extended three-dimensional, coherently driven gas and compare the coherence of the emitted light to experimental results.
Determinants of operational efficiency on the financial health of non-life insurance companies in South Africa
Authors: Ige-Gbadeyan Omonike , Johannes Swanepoel Matthys
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of operational efficiency on financial health of non-life insurance companies in South Africa. Operational efficiency refers to an insurer’s ability to deliver its services while minimizing costs and maximizing profitability. A descriptive research design was used to achieve the objective of this study. The panel data from 2008–2019 used secondary data sourced from S&P Capital Q and Refinitiv Eikon, well-known databases with readily available data. The population of this study focuses on 32 non-life insurance companies with measurable markets of 57 domestic non-life insurance providers in South Africa. Data were analyzed using Fixed-effect regression, (Random-effect GLS regression, correlation, and the Hausman test. The result reveals that of all the variables, only premium growth correlates significantly (negative correlation) with financial health. This could be a result of a specific investment that resulted in a lower rate than that of a risk-free security. It is also important to note that a negative premium does not always indicate a problem. This can happen due to cancellations of reinsurance, reinsurer closures, paid off reinsurance ahead of time, under- pricing policies, inadequate reserves, high claim frequency, operational inefficiencies, investment losses, inadequate risk assessment, economic downturn, regulatory changes, catastrophic event, and any other events. It is essential for non-life insurance companies to carefully manage their underwriting practices, risk assessment, pricing strategies, and investment portfolios to avoid negative premium situations and maintain financial health.
Navigating IT turnover: Impact of supervisor support on role stressors dynamics
Authors: Sri Sai Velaga , Kumari Pinapati Anitha
Published: December 2023

This study aims to investigate the impact of leadership support on the interplay between role stressors and turnover intentions among IT workers in Bengaluru. The study focuses on five constructs: role stressors, job performance, job satisfaction, supervisor support, and turnover intention. Using a questionnaire, data were collected from 196 IT employees, with 187 valid responses for analysis. Structural equation modeling (SEM) through Smart PLS software assessed the relationships between the constructs. The findings reveal that role stressors significantly contribute to IT workers’ intention to leave their organizations. Moreover, the connections between role stressors and both job performance and job satisfaction are influenced by the level of supervisor support. Supervisor support emerges as a crucial moderator in the relationship between role stressors and job satisfaction, highlighting its role in mitigating the negative effects of stress on employees. However, no mediating effect was observed between role stressors and job satisfaction when supervisor assistance was present. Furthermore, the study identifies a negative impact of role stressors on job satisfaction and, subsequently, a negative influence of job satisfaction on turnover intentions. These findings underscore the importance of supportive leadership in enhancing employee performance and job satisfaction, reducing the likelihood of turnover. This paper emphasizes the significance of leadership support as a key factor in shaping the dynamics between role stressors and turnover intentions among IT workers. The results suggest that fostering a supportive supervisory environment can positively influence employee well-being and retention in the IT industry.
A gestão da crise da pandemia (2020-2021)
Authors: Ferrari Lorrainy , Araujo Gilda Cardoso de , Cara Daniel Tojeira
Published: December 2023

Este artigo objetiva comparar as medidas tomadas na área de saúde e na área da educação no decorrer da crise pandêmica no Brasil no período de março de 2020 até dezembro de 2021, problematizando as dimensões dos conflitos interfederativos num sistema considerado estruturado, como é o caso do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), e num sistema considerado não estruturado, como é o caso do Sistema Nacional de Educação (SNE). Como arcabouço teórico-metodológico, foram mobilizadas a história do tempo presente, com base em François Dosse e outros autores, para subsidiar as análises de fontes oficiais do Ministério da Educação, do Ministério da Saúde e de fontes jornalísticas. As considerações finais apontam que a existência de um sistema consolidado, como o SUS, não foi capaz de atenuar a crise pandêmica em decorrência da gestão bolsonarista. Logo, a instituição de um SNE também não seria suficiente, dada a sujeição dos entes federados ao governo central.
O pesadelo que nunca acaba
Authors: Agostini Camila Chiodi , Fávero Altair Alberto
Published: December 2023

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Prácticas escolares comunitarias
Authors: Pérez Surjey del Carmen Montes , Mendinueta Nayibe Rosado
Published: December 2023

El desarrollo de la etnoeducación y, con ello, el diseño de currículos pertinentes a la identidad cultural de las comunidades es una necesidad en el contexto colombiano. Este artículo muestra avances de una investigación cualitativa con diseño de investigación-acción etnográfica realista. Este estudio explora aspectos del currículo escrito y vivido que se alinean o chocan con las prácticas de la comunidad que atiende una institución etnoeducativa pública en Colombia. Se fundamenta en diversidad cultural, etnoeducación, educación intercultural y currículo intercultural. La investigación-acción de corte etnográfica realista comprende diversos momentos. Se reporta el momento de Exploración construido con la comunidad educativa, sabedores, líderes y lideresas. Los resultados destacan el potencial de las prácticas escolares comunitarias para alinear el currículo; que las experiencias pedagógicas y proyectos de aula etnoeducativos chocan con el modelo pedagógico general. Se resalta el papel de las practicas escolares comunitarias para la construcción de un currículo intercultural y plurilingüe.
Editorial
Authors: Araujo Marta Maria
Published: December 2023

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Praticas integrativa no cuidado paliativo na pandemia do Covid 19: Seus desafios e benefícios
Authors: Oliveira Ane Raquel de , Hora Kenia Oliveira Barbosa da , Ribeiro Wanderson Alves , Marcondes Daniela , Constantino Gabriel Nivaldo Brito , Santos Daiane Lopes dos
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Revisar artigos e manuais sobre a atuação das Praticas Integrativas em comorbidades correlacionando com o seu uso e potencial em beneficio a pandemia do COVID-19. Método: Revisão de escopo tendo como base a metodologia do Instituto Joana Briggs. Foram pesquisadas bases como a SCIELO, BVS, BDENF, LILACS, CINAHL, por meio de descritores: Cuidado paliativo pratica integrativas, COVID 19, Coronavirus. Foram selecionados 43 estudos para análise. Resultados: A revisão de escopo indicou potenciais benefícios das práticas integrativas no cuidado paliativo na covid19, revelando a necessidade de se expandida não só para a promoção do conforto, acolhimento, mas também pra melhora dos sintomas físicos, e psíquicos, não só dos usuários, mas como de familiares também. Conclusão: As práticas integrativas focam no cuidado integral do indivíduo e social, usados não somente na promoção da saúde, como também em cuidados paliativos contribuindo para o cuidado integral (holístico). Mas a sua implementação é ainda um desafio, principalmente neste período de crise. É essencial criarmos condições para utilizá-la na rotina dos serviços de saúde, nas doenças ameaçadoras de vida, principalmente neste momento de crise pandêmica e econômica.
Palavras chaves: Praticas Integrativa; Cuidados Paliativos; Covid19; Enfermagem.
O papel do enfermeiro no Alojamento Conjunto acerca do conhecimento das puérperas
Authors: Carvalho Milena Soares de , Souza Alessandra da Silva , Ricci Adiel Queiroz , Gomes Elisângelado Nascimento Fernandes , Godinho Jannaina Sther Leite , Alves Manoela
Published: December 2023

O Alojamento Conjunto define-se como um espaço em “que a mulher e o Recém-Nascido sadio permanecem juntos, em tempo integral, até a alta” e as atividades do enfermeiro, como integrante da equipe de saúde incluem a assistência parturiente, puérpera e ao Recém-Nascido. Além disso, o seu interesse profissional deve estar direcionado ao processo de capacitação e troca de conhecimento. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as dificuldades maternas no ato de amamentar o Recém-Nascido. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva de campo e de natureza qualitativa com 15 puérperas internadas no Alojamento Conjunto do Hospital Universitário de Vassouras – RJ. Constatou-se que o número de parto cesárea foi grande (93%) e isso tem relação com a Idade Gestacional de nascimento. As mulheres relataram sobre a demora da saída do leite, sobre à restrição ao leito, sobre a dificuldade na hora da amamentação e sobre a vontade de desistir e observou-se que, caso o enfermeiro não intervenha, isso pode acarretar o desmame precoce. O estudo concluiu que o tipo de parto, o medo do possível retorno ao trabalho antes do 6º mês de vida do Recém-Nascido e as crenças sociais afetam na oferta do aleitamento materno exclusivo dentro e fora do Alojamento Conjunto.
Palavras-Chave: Enfermagem; Aleitamento Materno; Educação em Saúde; Alojamento Conjunto.
Saúde Mental acadêmicos de Enfermagem em tempos de Covid-2019
Authors: Oliveira Marineide de Sousa , Magalhães Magnólia de Jesus Sousa , Aguiar Jéssica Sobral de , Santos Kelly Pereira Rodrigues dos , Silva Erick Martins , Santos Reis Isadora Ravenna dos
Published: December 2023

A COVID-19 gerou grave crise na saúde global, inclusive no âmbito universitário em que atividades presenciais foram substituídas, pelo ensino remoto em que os estudantes de enfermagem foram sujeitos a rápidas mudanças, desde suspensão das aulas ao surgimento do ensino remoto, o que pode ter desencadeado dificuldades de adaptação e problemas relacionados à saúde mental dos mesmos. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19 na saúde mental dos estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade do interior do maranhão. Metodologia: Tratou-se de estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa, de carácter descritivo. A amostra foi composta por 76 discentes de enfermagem que frequentavam o ensino remoto na pandemia. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre agosto e outubro de 2022 de forma online, contendo características sociodemográficas bem como foi aplicado a escala de depressão, ansiedade e estresse- 21. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos revelam a predominância de acadêmicos do sexo feminino, com idade de 20 a 29 anos, e dos últimos períodos do curso de enfermagem, verificou-se a prevalência de acadêmicos com graus moderados, leves e normais de ansiedade, depressão e estresse, constatou-se uma correlação entre o grau de severidade da depressão e os níveis de satisfação com o ensino mediado por meio do Ensino Remoto Emergencial. Considerações Finais: Ressalta-se a necessidade de maior cuidado com a saúde mental de estudantes bem como a criação de políticas internas efetivas para minimizar as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos graduandos.
Palavras-chave: Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE); Enfermagem; Covid-19; Saúde Mental.
Terminalidade: fator de risco para a saúde mental dos profissionais de terapia intensiva oncopediátrica
Authors: Abrantes Elida Gabriela Serra Valença , Valente Geilsa Soraia Cavalcanti , Cortez Elaine Antunes , Alves Norielle Macedo , Souza Samhira Vieira Franco de
Published: December 2023

Este artigo ressalta a crescente necessidade de assistência aos trabalhadores do Centro de Terapia Intensiva (CTI) oncológico pediátrico quanto promoção da saúde mental, diante da terminalidade em pediatria. A vulnerabilidade ao esgotamento emocional é claramente perceptível entre profissionais de Terapia Intensiva, em um cenário transformado pela terminalidade. Objetivo: Identificar aspectos inerentes ao cuidado prestado no CTI oncopediátrico que podem interferir na saúde mental dos trabalhadores. Metodologia: Um estudo descritivo e exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. Tem como cenário o CTI Oncológico Pediátrico de um hospital público federal, referência em oncologia, no Rio de Janeiro. Participaram da pesquisa a equipe de Enfermagem e de serviços gerais do CTI, excluindo os afastados por licença médica. Assinado o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, a coleta de dados ocorreu no período de agosto de 2020 a abril de 2021, realizada mediante a aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do hospital e da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Foi realizada análise estatística de dados objetivos e análise de dados subjetivos das entrevistas (tratados pelo software IRaMuTeQ®). Resultados: Foram identificados fatores de risco como conflitos, envolvimento excessivo, necessidade de aquisição de conhecimento e falta de apoio no enfretamento de situações difíceis. O estudo deu origem as categorias: “O impacto da terminalidade nas emoções daqueles que cuidam: um risco psicossocial”; e “A morte: o momento mais difícil”. Conclusão: Constatou-se, na pesquisa, que o cuidado em terapia intensiva oncopediátrico reflete na saúde mental, tornando-se imprescindível a oferta de ferramentas tecnológicas e educativas promotoras da qualidade de vida de todos os envolvidos.
Palavras-chave: Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica; Enfermagem; Saúde Mental; Saúde do Trabalhador.
A influência da espiritualidade/religiosidade no enfrentamento da Covid-19 pelos profissionais de saúde
Authors: Biondo Chrisne Santana , Cafezeiro Amanda Sales , Bromochenkel Cattiúscia Batista , Sanches Gislene de Jesus Cruz , Santos Maria Vitória Araújo , Anjos Neta Maria Madalena Souza dos , Yarid Sérgio Donha
Published: December 2023

Introdução: O contexto da pandemia trouxe sobrecarga aos serviços de saúde, bem como repercussões negativas que acometeram os profissionais que estavam na linha de frente. Objetivo: investigar de que forma a espiritualidade/religiosidade influenciou os profissionais de saúde no enfrentamento da Covid-19. Método: trata-se de um estudo de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, apresentando delineamento exploratório baseado na investigação e análise de dados advindos da pesquisa em unidade hospitalar de média complexidade. A obtenção dos dados foi online, no período de julho a agosto de 2021, através do aplicativo de rede social Whatsapp. O tratamento de dados quantitativos foi realizado através do software IRAMUTEC 7.0 e programa SPSS-21.0, para análise qualitativa foi realizada com Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD). Resultado: o estudo revelou que os profissionais de saúde apresentaram sentimentos como medo, ansiedade e insegurança, em contrapartida, também evidenciaram empatia, esperança e cuidado. Os participantes se autodeclaram espiritualizados e afirmaram ter contato com a temática na sua formação profissional. A maioria dos entrevistados acredita que a espiritualidade influenciará sua perspectiva de vida após a pandemia, além de apresentarem mudança na forma de pensarem sobre si, suas relações pessoais e a finitude da vida, após o evento estressor de trabalhar na linha de frente do enfrentamento da Covid-19. Conclusão: em momentos de estresse, a espiritualidade poderá auxiliar na mudança da forma de pensar e de se comportar dos indivíduos.  
Palavras - Chaves: COVID-19; Espiritualidade; Pessoal de Saúde.
Saúde Mental na Escola: Reflexão Teórico-Prática
Authors: Tavares Claudia Mara de Melo , Souza Juliana Tavares e , Gama Linda Nice , Tavares Marilei de Melo , Paiva Laís Mariano de , Carvalho José Carlos
Published: December 2023

A escola possui diversos meios de auxiliar na promoção da saúde mental dos jovens. No Brasil, o Programa Saúde na Escola é uma política intersetorial que tem um papel significativo na promoção da saúde dos escolares. Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a inserção de ações de saúde mental no âmbito escolar. Trata-se de uma reflexão baseada em experiência teórico-prática de pesquisa. Utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa Sociopoética na prática realizada com adolescentes escolares de uma escola pública de Niterói- RJ, Brasil. A partir da literatura investigada e da experiência de campo foi possível conhecer as principais necessidades e princípios que podem nortear ações intersetoriais para a inclusão da saúde mental no Programa Saúde na Escola. Concluiu-se que a participação social, a valorização da ambiência, a sensibilização e capacitação dos agentes escolares para as questões de saúde mental, o envolvimento com o setor cultural, a participação dos profissionais de saúde da atenção básica e o empoderamento dos escolares são elementos fundamentais para uma política pública de atenção à saúde mental nas escolas.

Palavras-Chave: Adolescente; Serviços de Saúde Escolar; Saúde Mental; Promoção da Saúde.
Perfil da mortalidade infantil na fronteira Franco-Brasileira, 2015-2020
Authors: Oliveira Heluza , Rubens da Silva Nunes Allan , Travassos Maciel Suziane
Published: December 2023

As Taxas de Mortalidade Infantil (TMI) são uma proxy que identifica as condições da qualidade de vida à qual a população é submetida, pois algumas áreas do país apresentam níveis elevados desse indicador, como a Faixa de Fronteira. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o perfil da mortalidade infantil na cidade fronteiriça Oiapoque e do Estado Amapá, no período de 2015 a 2020. Foi desenvolvido um estudo ecológico, com base em dados secundários coletados a partir do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) através do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Foram notificados 69 casos de óbitos infantis no município de Oiapoque e no Estado do Amapá 1.697. Dentre os dados o resultado do estudo revelou que 58,90% (43) dos indivíduos analisados eram do sexo masculino. As mortes infantis foram prevalentes no período neonatal precoce (0 a 6 dias) de vida no Oiapoque com 56,52% (39) e no Estado do Amapá 49,26% (836). Logo, o padrão da TMI por 1000 NV (Nascidos Vivos) o munícipio do Oiapoque, obteve as maiores taxas. A falta de registros impede que medidas de controle sejam tomadas precocemente, assim, o que prejudica uma análise mais detalhada dos dados. Os dados do Estado do Amapá e o do munícipio de Oiapoque demonstraram que as ações para garantir o acesso igualitário à assistência ao parto ainda são insuficientes, e que deslocamento intermunicipal para o parto se mostrou um fator de risco para a mortalidade infantil.
The Dosage Recommendation of Cyclosporin in Children with Hemophagocytic
Lymphohistiocytosis based on Population Pharmacokinetic Model
Authors: Yang Yang , Li Ya-Feng , Hu Ke , Zhang Shi-Jia , Cui Jia-Fang , Huang Xue-Ting , He Su-Mei , Wang Dong-Dong , Chen Xiao
Published: December 2023

Objectives::

Cyclosporin is one of the therapeutic regimens for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
(HLH); however, the optimal dosage of cyclosporine in children with HLH is unknown. It has been found that
piperacillin-tazobactam affects the cyclosporine pharmacokinetic process in pediatric HLH patients. Thus, the
purpose of the present study was to recommend cyclosporin dosage for pediatric HLH with and without piperacillin-
tazobactam.

Methods::

A previously established cyclosporine population pharmacokinetic model for pediatric HLH patients
has been used in this study to recommend optimal dosage based on Monte Carlo simulation. The pediatric
HLH patients have been included in eight weight groups (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 kg) for sixteen
dosages (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 mg/kg), split into one dose or two doses.

Results::

The optimal cyclosporin dosages for children having HLH without piperacillin-tazobactam have been
found to be 15, 13, 12, 11, 10, and 9 mg/kg, split into two doses for weights of 5-7, 7-10, 10-20, 20-28, 28-45,
and 45-70 kg, respectively. For children with HLH, optimal cyclosporin dosages with piperacillin-tazobactam
have been found to be 8 and 7 mg/kg, split into two doses for weights of 5-20 and 20-70 kg, respectively.

Conclusion:

It is the first time that the cyclosporin dosage regimens for HLH in children have been developed
based on Monte Carlo simulation, and the initial dosage optimizations of cyclosporine in pediatric HLH patients
have been recommended.
Amoxicillin-loaded Nanotechnological Carriers for the Effective
Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Gautam Darsh , Talwan Poonam , Dhiman Sahil , Gill Rahul , Thakur Aparna , Dhiman Simran , Sharma Deexa , Kumar Akhil , Sharma Saksham
Published: December 2023

Background:

The bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is known to cause gastroduodenal
disorders associated with the stomach lining that grows in the gastrointestinal tract, and can
cause gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric lymphoma, and stomach cancer. Nearly 50% of people worldwide
suffer from H. pylori infection. This infection is more prominent in poor nations and undeveloped
countries, and is caused by multiple factors, such as consumption of unhygienic food, crowded living
style, etc. In the eradication treatment of gastric H. pylori infection, conventional dosage forms have
various adverse effects on patients.

Methods:

In this study, we have explored current developments in the utilization of nanotechnological
carriers for the successful management of H. pylori infection. In order to combat rising amoxicillin resistance,
this review has focused on therapeutic strategies that use cyclodextrins, niosomes, liposomes,
microspheres, nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructure nanoparticles to improve
therapy against H. pylori.

Results:

The entrapment of amoxicillin in various nanotechnological carriers enhances its effectiveness
and reduces adverse effects. These carriers lead to targeted drug release and improve drug penetration
to the gastroduodenal disease site that locally controls and adjusts the drug release.

Conclusion:

For the effective treatment of H. pylori infection, nanotechnological carriers have provided
a new avenue for the development of innovative, high-impact, and low-dose systems. The main objective
of this review was to outline the present limitations of H. pylori therapy and new potential alternatives,
as well as to report how nanotechnological carriers may be used to overcome treatment
shortcomings.
Axial Compression Performance of Sprayed Steel Fiber Recycled Concrete
Authors: Yu Changxing , Liu Chuanqi , Pan Xiangguang , Ma Yuanhao , Zhang Aihua , Zhang Xuanhao
Published: December 2023

Sprayed steel fiber reinforced recycled concrete (SSFRC), as a green product
of small particle size recycled aggregate (RA), was tested for compressive performance
using an electro-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine. The replacement
rate of RA, the volume ratio of Steel Fiber (SF), and the strain-stress curve of SSFRC
were studied. The relationship between the axial compressive strength and the compressive
constitutive model of SSFRC was proposed, and theoretical support for expanding
the engineering application of recycled concrete (RC) was provided.
Social Security for Female Headed Households to Responses Covid-19 in Indonesia and Philippines
Authors: Binaridha Kusuma NIngtyas  , Itok Wicaksono
Published: December 2023

This research examines a comparison of Philippines and Indonesian approaches to integrating a gender perspective in social protection programs. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, gender-responsive social protection has become even more important to address gender inequality which has been exacerbated by this crisis. The results of the study show that the Philippines has taken a more advanced step in paying attention to a gender perspective in social protection programs. They have launched clear policies and initiatives to ensure that women receive appropriate protection and appropriate services. On the other hand, Indonesia is still facing challenges in comprehensively integrating a gender perspective into social protection programs. This study provides insights and recommendations for both countries in implementing social protection programs that are sustainable and inclusive, with a focus on empowering women and overcoming gender inequality during the pandemic and in the future.
A Biobanking System for Diagnostic Images: Architecture Development, COVID-19–Related Use Cases, and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Esposito Giuseppina , Allarà Ciro , Randon Marco , Aiello Marco , Salvatore Marco , Aceto Giuseppe , Pescapè Antonio
Published: December 2023

Background

Systems capable of automating and enhancing the management of research and clinical data represent a significant contribution of information and communication technologies to health care. A recent advancement is the development of imaging biobanks, which are now enabling the collection and storage of diagnostic images, clinical reports, and demographic data to allow researchers identify associations between lifestyle and genetic factors and imaging-derived phenotypes.

Objective

The aim of this study was to design and evaluate the system performance of a network for an operating biobank of diagnostic images, the Bio Check Up Srl (BCU) Imaging Biobank, based on the Extensible Neuroimaging Archive Toolkit open-source platform.

Methods

Three usage cases were designed focusing on evaluation of the memory and computing consumption during imaging collections upload and during interactions between two kinds of users (researchers and radiologists) who inspect chest computed tomography scans of a COVID-19 cohort. The experiments considered three network setups: (1) a local area network, (2) virtual private network, and (3) wide area network. The experimental setup recorded the activity of a human user interacting with the biobank system, which was continuously replayed multiple times. Several metrics were extracted from network traffic traces and server logs captured during the activity replay.

Results

Regarding the diagnostic data transfer, two types of containers were considered: the Web and the Database containers. The Web appeared to be the more memory-hungry container with a higher computational load (average 2.7 GB of RAM) compared to that of the database. With respect to user access, both users demonstrated the same network performance level, although higher resource consumption was registered for two different actions: DOWNLOAD & LOGOUT (100%) for the researcher and OPEN VIEWER (20%-50%) for the radiologist.

Conclusions

This analysis shows that the current setup of BCU Imaging Biobank is well provisioned for satisfying the planned number of concurrent users. More importantly, this study further highlights and quantifies the resource demands of specific user actions, providing a guideline for planning, setting up, and using an image biobanking system.
The Effect of Remote Digital Services on Health Care Inequalities Among People Under Long-Term Dermatology Follow-Up: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Ramjee Serena , Mohamedthani Hanen , Patel Aditya Umeshkumar , Goiriz Rebeca , Harwood Catherine A , Osborne Richard H , Cheng Christina , Hasan Zeeshaan-ul
Published: December 2023

Background

Given the expansion of remote digital dermatology services from the National Health Service, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need for methods that identify patients at risk of digital exclusion to guide equitable representation in service co-design processes and tailor remote services to the needs of their patient population.

Objective

This quality improvement project aims to inform the redesign of remote services to optimally support the ongoing needs of patients with chronic skin diseases, ensuring that the services are tailored to patients’ digital health literacy requirements.

Methods

We profiled the digital health literacy of 123 people with chronic skin conditions who require long-term surveillance in 2 specialist clinics (London, United Kingdom) using the Multidimensional Readiness and Enablement Index for Health Technology (READHY) questionnaire alongside the Optimizing Health Literacy and Access (Ophelia) process for hierarchical cluster analysis.

Results

The cluster analysis of READHY dimensions in responding participants (n=116) revealed 7 groups with distinct digital and health literacy characteristics. High READHY scores in groups 1 (n=22, 19%) and 2 (n=20, 17.2%) represent those who are confident with managing their health and using technology, whereas the lower-scoring groups, 6 (n=4, 3.4%) and 7 (n=12, 10.3%), depended on traditional services. Groups 3 (n=27, 23.3%), 4 (n=23, 19.8%), and 5 (n=8, 6.9%) had varying digital skills, access, and engagement, highlighting a population that may benefit from a co-designed dermatology service.

Conclusions

By identifying patient groups with distinguishable patterns of digital access and health literacy, our method demonstrates that 63.8% (n=74) of people attending specialist clinics in our center require support in order to optimize remote follow-up or need an alternative approach. Future efforts should streamline the READHY question profile to improve its practicality and use focus groups to elicit strategies for engaging patients with digital services.