bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validación de una versión autoadministrada en español del cuestionario TBQ para evaluar la carga de trabajo que implica el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2
Authors: Salva Sandra , Vazquez Peña Fernando , Terrasa Sergio Adrian
Published: September 2024

Introducción. Los cuestionarios TBQ evalúan la carga de trabajo que implican los tratamientos recomendados a las personas con condiciones crónicas. En Argentina se encontraba disponible la versión para ser administrada a través de un entrevistador a pacientes con diabetes tipo 2, sin que contáramos con una versión contestable en forma autónoma por el propio paciente.
Objetivos. Validar una variante autoadministrada del cuestionario TBQ para medir la carga del tratamiento de personas con diabetes tipo 2, evaluando su comprensibilidad y su desempeño psicométrico.
Métodos. Investigación cuali-cuantitativa, con análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE). La validez de criterio concurrente fue evaluada con tres escalas (OMS-5, PHQ-9, Índice de Adherencia de Morisky-Green-Levine). La consistencia interna fue evaluada a través del coeficiente alfa de Cronbach.
Resultados. Participaron 100 personas, 38% con escolaridad primaria completa, 47% con enfermedad de menos de cinco años de antigüedad y 70% recibiendo tratamiento por vía oral en forma exclusiva. De manera concordante con la versión validada previamente, el AFE agrupó los ítems en cuatro dominios con fuerte correlación entre sí: 1) tratamiento farmacológico; 2) asistencia sanitaria/sistema de salud; 3) mantenimiento de un estilo de vida y su repercusión económica; 4) repercusión psicosocial de la enfermedad. Documentamos una correlación inversa entre el puntaje TBQ y el de bienestar OMS-5 (-0,4308; p=0,0014) y directa con el de depresión PHQ-9 (+0,3452; p=0,0122). Las personas categorizadas como no adherentes al tratamiento (escala Morisky-Green-Levine) arrojaron en promedio un resultado de 18,24 (intervalo de confianza del 95% 1,82 a 34,68; p=0,03) puntos más en la escala TBQ-diabetes que las adherentes. El coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach fue 0,890 para el factor 1, 0,764 para el 2, 0,673 para el 3 y 0,709 para el 4.
Conclusiones. La versión autoadministrada del cuestionario TBQ-diabetes para evaluar la carga de trabajo en personas con diabetes tipo 2 fue adecuadamente comprendida y mostró satisfactorias propiedades psicométricas.
Use of Differentiated Instruction at Special Education Schools: Teachers’ Perspective
Authors: Hameed Maria , Dilshad Muhammad , Rasool Tajammal
Published: September 2024

The study was designed to explore teachers’ perceptions about implementation of differentiated instruction for special students by adopting quantitative approach. A questionnaire was used to collect data from the teachers of special education schools. The survey design involved the administration of questionnaire to special education teachers in selected schools within the target population. The target population for this study comprised special education teachers working in specific schools within the designated divisions of South Punjab. By adopting convenient sampling method, 346 teachers from special education schools were selected as the sample of the study. The value of Cronbach’s alpha (0.836) showed that questionnaire was highly reliable. The collected data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings showed that there was no significant difference in the opinions of teachers by gender and locality about implementation of differentiated instruction. Teachers were also in favor of using customized instruction, agreement about the fact that support for employing small groups, multisensory teaching, instructional decisions, pre assessment, varied learning activities, taking ownership, guiding, supporting students, individual learning, developing groups and feasibilities, understanding of students' learning profiles. Teachers had negative opinions about cooperative learning methods, peer tutoring, respecting opinion, curriculum development, assigning worksheets, student needs, adopting alternative methods and divergent thinking. Findings showed that lack of support, limited resources, behavioral challenges, time constraints were the major barriers. It was recommended that differentiated instructions could b improved by adopting including assessment techniques, developing plans, adopting technology and adaptation of advanced differentiated techniques.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL IN NARRATIVE TEXT BY USING PIE (POINT, ILLUSTRATION,EXPLANATION) STRATEGY AT SMPN 8 MAKASSAR
Authors: Nopianti Nopianti , Rampeng Rampeng , Muliati Muliati
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this research was to improve students’ writing skill by using Pie (Point, Illustration, Explanation) Strategy in narrative text for eight grade Students’ of SMPN 8 Makassar in the Academic year 2022/2023. The research used the pre-experiment with pre-test and post-test research.The total population of the research was the eight grade Students of which consist of 36 Students. Than, the data had been collecting by using writing test which was applied in pre-test and post-test. The process of the research was applied four times. The research was conducted by giving treatment and succeeded in improving Students’ writing skill in several aspect, namely content, organization, vocabulary, grammar, and mechanic.The treatment was carried out using PIE Strategy in narrative text. After conducting the research then the data were analyzed using test analysis on SPSS 16. The result of the average writing skill score on pre-test and post- test was 47.61. After the reserarcher gave treatment using Pie Strategy, it turned out that the score of student writing skill in narrative text in the post-test increased to 79.03 . Therefore, the researcher concludes that writing skill in narrative text using PIE strategy can improve the writing narrative text ability of class VIII.9 Students’ at SMPN 8 Makassar.Keywords: Writing, skill, Narrative,text, PIE (Point, Illustration, Explanation)
Peningkatan Keterampilan Membaca Puisi Menggunakan Media Audiovisual pada Siswa Kelas IV UPT SPF SD Negeri Pampang Kota Makassar
Authors: Fitria Alifiah , Hamsiah Andi , Lutfin Nursamsilis
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan membaca puisi dengan menggunakan media audiovisual pada siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research) yang dilaksanakan di kelas IV UPT SPF SD Negeri Pampang berjumlah 30 siswa dengan menggunakan dua siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, tes, dan dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada siklus I diperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil peningkatan keterampilan membaca puisi ialah 70,1. Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata hasil peningkatan keterampilan membaca puisi 82,1. Ketuntasan kemampuan keterampilan membaca puisi siswa kelas IV UPT SPF SD Negeri Pampang Kota Makassar mengalami peningkatan. Pada siklus I, dari 14 (46,6%) siswa mencapai ketuntasan belajar, sedangkan pada siklus II sebanyak 24 (80%) siswa mencapai ketuntasan belajar dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal tercapai. Hal ini berarti ketuntasan belajar pada siklus II tercapai secara klasikal karena jumlah siswa yang tuntas mencapai 80%.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran peningkatan keterampilan membaca puisi menggunakan media audiovisual pada siswa kelas IV UPT SPF SD Negeri Pampang Kota Makassar mengalami peningkatan.
Analisis Aktivitas Game Online Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas VI UPT SPF SD INPRES Lae-lae I
Authors: Agustian Mario , Burhan Burhan , Irwandi Andi
Published: September 2024

ABSTRAK
Mario Agustian. 2023. Analisis Aktivitas Game Online Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas VI Upt Spf Sd Inpres Lae-Lae  I. Skripsi Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan dan Sastra, Universitas Bososwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh game online terhadap motivasi belajar siswa kelas VI UPT SPF SD Inpres Lae-lae I. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena tentang apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian misalnya perilaku, persepsi, motivasi, Tindakan secara holistic dan cara deskripsi dalam bentuk kata-kata dan Bahasa, pada suatu konteks khusus yang alamiah dan dengan memanfaatkan berbagai metode alamiah, penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian studi kasus, Karena penelitian kualitatif itu luas, maka penelitian ini difokuskan pada lima anak kelas VI UPT SPF SD Inpres Lae-lae 1. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan dampak game online terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik. Maka secara metodologi, penelitian ini kategori penelitian kualitatif, yaitu prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan orang-orang dan perilaku yang dapat diamati. Adapun beberapa upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam pengumpulan data agar memperoleh data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan hasil penelitian tentang analisis aktivitas game online terhadap motivasi belajar siswa UPT SPF SD Inpres Lae-lae, dapat disimpulkan bahwa bermain game memiliki tingkat kecanduan yang berbeda-beda bagi pemain, yaitu: rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Tingkat kecanduan game online dapat dilihat dari intensitas anak bermain game. frekuensi bermain game online yang semakin lama, maka semakin banyak pula dampak game online pada hasil belajar anak.
 
Kata kunci: Game online, Motivasi Belajar,
TEACHERS’ SCAFFOLDING TALK IN EFL CLASSROOM INTERACTION (A CASE STUDY AT SMAN 17 MAKASSAR)
Authors: Syamsidar Syamsidar , Baa Sultan
Published: September 2024

The objective of the study was to discover teachers’ scaffolding talk in EFL classroom interaction. The study employed case study design. The study was conducted at SMA 17 Makassar South Sulawesi. The data were obtained from classroom observation, semi-structured interview and questionnaire. In determining the participants, the researcher used purposive sampling approach taking one experienced teacher in that school. The data from observation and interview were analyzed by using data analysis procedure consisting of data collection, data condensation and conclusion drawing or verifying. The result of this study showed that: (1) there were five types of teacher’s scaffolding talk. They are modelling, explaining, inviting students’ participation, instructing, and questioning. From those types, it was found that all type of teachers’ scaffolding talk based on Wood (1995) occurred; (2) Scaffolding talks can facilitate the behavioral engagement of the students in EFL Classroom Interaction, such as paying more attention, attempting to ask question to the teacher, attempting to answer the question from the teacher and actively seeking for the information
TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION ON THE IMPACT OF ENGLISH ON INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE
Authors: Khartha Aqzhariady , Adisaturrahimi Andi
Published: September 2024

This article discusses a study on English teacher perceptions of English as a global language in Indonesia. The goals of this research are to determine whether non-native English teachers in Indonesia recognize the rising role of English in the global world, particularly in Indonesian schools, and to learn how those teachers assess the effects of English on Indonesian language and culture. Five English teachers from various secondary schools took part in this study. Data were collected through an open questionnaire. As a result, all of the participants' comments were consistent, stating that English was indisputably crucial in today's competitive world. They tend to have highly positive perceptions of English as a way of connecting with the international community and supporting Indonesian communicative functions. There is also an amazing unanimity that English can coexist beneficially in this country, even though many people argue that the language has a harmful impact on Indonesian
STUDENT PERCEPTION OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL AND MODERN METHODS
Authors: Salainti Engelina , Fansury Andi Hamzah
Published: September 2024

This research aimed to investigate the students' perception of Learning English strategies in traditional and modern methods, with the main goal being to understand the preferences and the effectiveness they felt. The Traditional method, such as lecture-based instruction and doing exercises from textbooks, has been used for a long time in the English language learning process, while modern methods, including digital tools and interactive activity in learning, become more popular. The surveys and interviews with the students from Universitas Klabat which has different background majors who took General English classes in 2023/2024-year program, this investigation explores the students' perception of traditional and modern methods in the learning process. The findings showed that nevertheless, the Traditional method was acknowledged considering that it was structured and its detailed explication, on the other hand, the students considered that the modern method was more interesting and conducive to interactive learning. This study gave insights into the strengths and limitations of both methods and offered recommendations to integrate traditional and modern strategies to improve English Education.
THE USE OF CROSSWORD PUZZLE GAME MEDIA TO INCREASE STUDENT LEARNING MOTIVATION IN THE SUBJECT OF IPAS GRADE V UPTD SD NEGERI 33 PAREPARE
Authors: Shasliani Shasliani , Sultan Muhammad Asrul , Jusuf Githa Pramesti
Published: September 2024

This research is motivated by the low learning motivation of students in grade V at UPTD SD Negeri 33 Parepare. The objective of this research is to enhance the learning process and motivation of students using crossword puzzle game media. The approach used in this research is qualitative. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects in this research amounted to 24 students consisting of 10 male students, 14 female students, and a teacher. This research was conducted in 3 cycles. Each cycle was held 1 meeting with four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data collection was carried out using observation, documentation, and questionnaire techniques. The data were analyzed using data condensation techniques, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. This research focuses on the learning process and student learning motivation. The results of the research in cycles I and II showed that the learning process was in the category of sufficient (C) and student learning motivation was in the category of sufficient learning motivation. Meanwhile, in cycle III, the learning process was in the good (B) category, and student learning motivation was in the high learning motivation category. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of crossword puzzle game media increases the learning process and motivation of students in the IPAS subject in grade V at UPTD SD Negeri 33 Parepare.
PEMBARUAN HUKUM PERTAMBANGAN MINERAL DAN BATUBARA MENUJU KEADILAN DAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM YANG BERKELANJUTAN UNTUK MASYARAKAT INDONESIA
Authors: Widyaningrum Tuti , Hamidi Muhammad Rifqi
Published: September 2024

Pembaharuan hukum pertambangan mineral dan batubara di Indonesia bertujuan mencapai keadilan dan kepastian hukum yang berkelanjutan. Dasar hukum seperti UUD 1945 dan UU No. 4 Tahun 2009 Jo. UU No. 3 Tahun 2020 menjadi acuan utama dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam. Pembaharuan ini mencakup aspek kepastian hukum, keadilan distributif, dan keberlanjutan lingkungan. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi dampak sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan dari kebijakan baru tersebut, serta respons masyarakat terhadap implementasinya. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan analisis deduktif untuk mengidentifikasi tantangan dalam reformasi hukum pertambangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemajuan dalam upaya mencapai keadilan dan kepastian hukum, namun tantangan masih ada, terutama dalam implementasi kebijakan. Faktor seperti kurangnya pemahaman hukum di kalangan pemangku kepentingan, konflik antara industri, pemerintah, dan masyarakat lokal, serta masalah teknis dalam pengelolaan lingkungan menjadi perhatian utama. Kesimpulannya, koordinasi yang lebih baik antara semua pihak diperlukan untuk memastikan keberlanjutan dalam pengelolaan tambang di Indonesia.
Monkeypox: A Global Challenge - An Overview
Authors:   Senior Resident, Dept of Microbiology, TRIHMS,  Arunachal Pradesh., Banik Ashmita , Umpo Mika ,   Associate Professor, Dept of Microbiology, TRIHMS,  Arunachal Pradesh., Sinha Sukanta ,   Consultant, Microbiology, Kolkkata.
Published: September 2024

Monkeypox is a zoonosis caused by an orthopoxvirus named monkeypox virus MPX, structurally related to smallpox virus, enveloped, brick shaped, replicates in cytoplasm. Currently spreading throughout Africa & different parts of world. Has two distinct clades, West African and Central African (Congo Basin) clades. It manifests as rashes, concentrated on face & extremities like palms & soles. Both humoral and cell mediated immunity are seen in host, diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction PCR and various serological tests. Patients receive supportive treatments along with antiviral drugs. Presently FDA approved new Mpox vaccines. Scientific community needs to extend their research work to enhance knowledge in this field. This review briefs about monkeypox in human life in context of ongoing outbreaks around the world.
THE USE OF MOBILE PHONES BY CATFISH FARMERS AT UTEH FISH FARMING CLUSTER IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA
Authors: Uwana G. U. , Obaseki F. O.
Published: September 2024

It is important to understand how catfish farmers use mobile phones in their business activities to enhance the adoption and utilization of mobile phones in fish farming. The study assessed catfish farmers' use of mobile phones for business activities at Uteh fish farming cluster, Edo State, Nigeria. The study examined the business activities mobile phones are used for, the fish farmers' perceived competence, and the challenges faced in using their mobile phones. Data were collected from 71 catfish farmers at the Uteh fish farming cluster through convenience sampling, using a structured interview schedule. Frequency counts, Percentages, means, and correlation were used to analyze the data. The results show the average age of the farmers to be 44 years, farmers were mostly (71.8%) male, and about 90% of them were married. All (100%) of the fish farmers indicated that they used their mobile phones for basic business activities like receiving calls and sending SMS, using social media apps such as WhatsApp, contacting buyers, and taking pictures for business. The Catfish farmers were competent in the use of mobile phones except in obtaining loans (mean = 2.42), using aquaculture apps (mean = 2.62), and checking weather forecasts (mean = 3.62). However, the use of mobile phones by the catfish farmers was constrained by poor network coverage.
О НЕКОТОРЫХ АСПЕКТАХ ПРЕВЕНЦИИ ПЫТОК
Authors: Сейітов Бағдат Талғатұлы
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматриваются организационно-кадровые аспекты превенции пыток на основе анализа правовых актов, регламентирующих процесс отбора и расстановки кадров на правоохранительной службе.
Одна из актуальных проблем в предупреждении пыток это проблема противоправного агрессивного поведения сотрудников.
По мнению автора, необходимо на всех этапах прохождения службы выявлять и предупреждать негативное агрессивное поведение у кандидатов на службу и действующих сотрудников правоохранительных органов, которое в дальнейшем может повлиять на совершение пыток в отношении граждан.
Автором акцентируется внимание на необходимость противодействия пыткам посредством прогнозирования высокой степени риска агрессии и выявления склонности к противоправным действиям на должностях с высокими психоэмоциональными и физиологическими нагрузками.
В статье предложены конкретные меры профилактики и предупреждения совершения пыток на правоохранительной службе.
АДАМ САУДАСЫ ҮШІН ҚЫЛМЫСТЫҚ ЖАУАПТЫЛЫҚТЫҢ КЕЙБІР МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІ
Authors: Айдарова А.А. , Каражанов М.Д. , Сабитов С.М.
Published: September 2024

Азаматтық қоғамның басты құндылығы адамға ізгілік қарым-қатынас жасау, жеке адамның құқықтары және мүдделерін сақтау мен қамтамасыз етуге құқықтық кепілдіктер белгілеу, сондай-ақ адамның және азаматтың құқықтары мен бостандықтарына қарсы бағытталған қылмыстық мінез-құлықты білдірудің әртүрлі нысандарына қарсы іс-қимыл жасау болып табылады. Адам саудасына байланысты қылмыстық оқиғалар өркениетті әлем үшін жаһандық сын-қатер болып табылады және оны күрделі неке-отбасы, еңбек және өзге де құқықтық қатынастар призмасы арқылы қарау қажет. Адам саудасы үшін қылмыстық құқық бұзушылықтың құқықтық негіздері мен құрамын саралау, адамның құқықтары мен бостандықтарын тиісінше қорғауды қамтамасыз етіп қана қоймай, қылмыстық істер санаттары бойынша тергеу-сот практикасын жетілдіруге ықпал етеді. Осы мақалада авторлар қылмыстық заңнамада адам саудасына байланысты әрекеттерді саралаудың қылмыстық қудалауды жүзеге асыруға және құқыққа қарсы әрекет жасаған адамдарды жауапқа тартуға кедергі келтіретін мәселелерін қарайды. Сонымен қатар адам саудасы қылмысы үшін жауаптылыққа тарту бойынша заңнаманы қолдану мәселелерін ашып көрсеткен. ҚР Қылмыстық кодексінің адам саудасына қатысты нормасының диспозициясын адам тіндері мен мүшелерін трансплантациялау бойынша медицинадағы жаңа трансплантологиялық терминмен толықтыру ұсынылған.
ҚАЗІРГІ ТАҢДАҒЫ ҚЫЛМЫСТЫҚ ІСТЕР БОЙЫНША ТЕРГЕУЛІКТІ БЕЛГІЛЕУДІҢ КЕЙБІР МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІ
Authors: Маханов Т.Ғ.
Published: September 2024

Бұл мақалада автор қылмыстық істер бойынша тергеулікті белгілеудің кейбір мәселелерін қарастырып, қылмыстық процесте орын алатын проблемалы мәселелерді көрсетеді. Отандық және шетел ғалымдарының ғылыми еңбектеріндегі қылмыстық құқық бұзушылықтар туралы iстер бойынша алдын ала тергеу жүргізу және анықтау бойынша тергеулікті белгілеудің критерийлері зерттеліп, қылмыстық істердің тергеулігін реттейтін нормативтік нұсқамалар жүйесінен қылмыстық істің екі белгісін құрайтын жалпы тергеулік ережесі ұсынылады. Оған қоса автор статистикалық мәліметтерді талдап, тергеулікті белгілеу саласындағы жай-күйді сипаттайды. Сонымен бірге тергеулікті, оның ішінде баламалы тергеулікті белгілеуде прокурордың өкілеттілігі сипатталады. Аталған мәселені нормативтік реттейтін ҚПК-нің тиісті нормалары зерделеніп, прокурордың айрықша тергеулігі реттелетін нормалар сыналады. Қорыта келе, тергеулікті белгілеудің оңтайлы ережесі тұжырымдалып, аталған мәселені шешудің жолдары ұсынылады.
ТЕРРОРИЗМДІ БОЛЖАУ МЕН ОҒАН ҚАРСЫ КҮРЕСТЕ ЖАСАНДЫ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТТІ ҚОЛДАНУ: ХАЛЫҚАРАЛЫҚ ТӘЖІРИБЕГЕ ШОЛУ
Authors: Садықов М.Б. , Тынышбаева А.А.
Published: September 2024

Қазіргі тәжірибеге сүйене отырып, терроризмді болжауда және онымен күресте жасанды интеллекттің шешуші маңыздылығын байқауға болады. Бұл дағдарысқа қарсы шараларды қолдану әдістері мен дәрежесін анықтауда маңызды рөл атқарады. Бұл мақалада діни экстремизм мен терроризмді болжау мен оған қарсы күресте жасанды интеллектті қолданудың халықаралық тәжірибесі мен қазіргі жағдайы талданады, сонымен қатар DEXTER, Malicious use of artificial intelligence (MUAI), deepfake, Human intelligence (HUMINT) технологияларын және т.б. қолдану тәжірибесінің кейбір белгілі артықшылықтары мен кемшіліктері зерттеледі. Терроризмге қарсы күрес үшін технологияларды пайдалану процесінде шешілуін қажет ететін этикалық және моральдық мәселелерге назар аударылады. Мақаланың мақсаты-әлемдегі терроризмнің алдын алу және оған қарсы тұру үшін жасанды интеллектті қолданудың қазіргі жағдайы мен тәсілдеріне шолу.
CURRENT DRUG THERAPY OPTIONS FOR DISSEMINATED HER2-POSITIVE BREAST CANCER
AT THE KAZAKH SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ONCOLOGY AND RADIOLOGY:
A CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Kaidarova D. , Dmitrenko M. , Smagulova K. , Kaldarbekov S.
Published: September 2024

Relevance: Distant outcomes of treatment for Her2neu-positive metastatic breast cancer are improving due to access to innovative drug
therapies.
The study aimed to demonstrate the initial experience of treating a patient with progressive disseminated hormone receptor-positive breast
cancer expressing HER2 (3+) and nearly exhausted options for anti-tumor drug therapy using trastuzumab deruxtecan.
Methods: The paper describes a clinical case of a female patient born in 1977 who was diagnosed with Stage IV breast cancer (T1N1M1),
invasive ductal carcinoma, and treated at the Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology (Almaty, Kazakhstan). Immunohistochemical luminal
subtype “B” with Her2neu (3+) expression. Metastatic involvement of skeletal bones with pain syndrome, lungs, liver, axillary, parasternal, and
para-mediastinal lymph nodes. Since June 2023, monoclonal antibody conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan therapy was initiated. The efficacy of
fifth-line therapy was assessed using RECIST 1.1 before and during treatment. According to RECIST 1.1., target lesions included a conglomerate of hyperplastic axillary lymph nodes on the right, measuring 1.6 cm, parasternal lymph node 1.6 cm, a lesion in the parenchyma of the lower
lobe of the left lung 1.3 cm, lesions (n=2) in the parenchyma of segment 2 of the left liver lobe 1.8 cm and 3.6 cm. Non-target lesion: hyperplastic
para-mediastinal lymph nodes SLD 9.9 cm.
Results: Pain syndrome was completely relieved after treatment. According to RECIST 1.1. in April 2024, after 11 courses of therapy, target
lesions showed size reduction: conglomerate of hyperplastic axillary lymph nodes on the right decreased to 1.0 cm, lesion in the parenchyma of
the lower lobe of the left lung increased to 2.7 cm, parasternal lymph node was not visualized, lesions (n=2) in the parenchyma of segment 2 of
the left liver lobe measured 1.6 cm and 2.7 cm. Non-target lesion: hyperplastic para-mediastinal lymph nodes were not visualized.
Conclusion: According to the clinical study data (DESTINY-Breast02), applying antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) demonstrates better objective response and progression-free survival time in patients previously treated with trastuzumab and taxanes.
ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN CHILDREN HOSPITALIZED
IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT:
A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Kurakbayev Ye. , Turdaliyeva B. , Manzhuova L. , Schukin V. , Aimakhanova A. , Aitbayev K.
Published: September 2024

Relevance: The most common pediatric malignancy is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with a prevalence of 4.2 per 100,000 children.
Some patients diagnosed with ALL will require hospitalization in intensive care units (ICU) at some point in their treatment.
The study aimed to identify significant clinical and laboratory parameters in prognosis to identify indicators of clinical deterioration in
children with ALL and develop a scale for early detection of precursors of critical illness in children with ALL.
Methods: This retrospective study included inpatient medical records of all patients (0-18 years old) diagnosed with ALL and hospitalized
in the intensive care unit (ICU) for oncohematological patients at the Scientific Center for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (Almaty, Kazakhstan). The study period was three years – 2020 to 2022.
Results: The clinical and laboratory parameters of children with ALL were analyzed a day before admission to the ICU since those patients
demonstrated worsening clinical status. This window of time was chosen to allow us to understand what were the precursors of early deterioration in children with ALL before hospitalization in the ICU. Study data were collected before hospitalization in the ICU during admission to
the ICU, and there is data at transfer from the ICU depending on the outcome of the disease. During the study period, 188 patients with ALL
were admitted to the ICU. Leukopenia and neutropenia were present in 60-80% of the patients, and elevated leukocyte count was observed in
30-40%, while normal leukocyte count was only 10%-20%. CRP and procalcitonin levels were elevated, showing the presence of inflammation.
Conclusions: Based on the retrospective analysis of the data, it can be said that the presented data are harbingers of critical conditions
in children with ALL. Neurological, respiratory, cardiac, renal, and other parameters are important for patient treatment and management.
STRATIFICATION OF WELL-DIFFERENTIATED
THYROID CANCER BASED ON MOLECULAR
GENETIC TESTING:
A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: SLONEVA N. , KAIDAROVA D. , KAIBAROV M. , ADILBAY D.
Published: September 2024

Relevance: Thyroid cancer (TC) is among the most significant malignant diseases of the head and neck, with a steadily growing
number of newly diagnosed cases throughout the world. Despite a relatively modest 17th place of TC in the structure of cancer incidence,
its treatment in recent decades has seriously worried scientists and physicians due to a very rapid increase in TC incidence among young
and middle-aged people. Iodine deficiency decreases immune function, and the effects of ionizing radiation play a role in the development
of thyroid cancer. This leads to the development of a stratification system for well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) at the molecular
genetic level. This system is necessary to select patients at risk of progression and to apply aggressive radionuclide therapy and suppressive
hormone therapy only to those patients who need it.
The study aimed to systematize data from the current literature to assess the need to develop a prognostic stratification of patients with
WDTC based on molecular genetic testing.
Methods: A literature review of scientific publications was conducted from the PubMed search database from September 2017 to
December 2023. Inclusion criteria: publication date from 2017 to present for the main keywords: ‘High differentiated thyroid cancer”,
“ prognostic stratification of WDTC based on molecular tests, ‘WDTC mutation markers.’ Some clinical studies of domestic and foreign
specialists were also considered.
Results: Based on a meta-review of literature data on prognostic stratification of WDTC patients, the rationale for expanding the panel
of genetic markers associated with aggressive forms of WDTC is presented, the importance of gene mutation in the occurrence of disease
recurrence, and the choice of adequate treatment is proven.
Conclusions: Research efforts are underway to find genetic and pathomorphologic predictors of the prognosis of the disease. Knowledge
of molecular and genetic mechanisms of tumorigenesis provides a wide range of opportunities for applying molecular diagnostics in
differential diagnosis, prognosis of the course of the disease, and treatment of aggressive forms of tumors.
Harnessing Digital Transformation with AI to Improve the Teaching and Learning of English as Second Language in Nigeria
Authors: Ahmed Umar
Published: September 2024

The integration of technology and artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various sectors, including education, particularly in English as a Second Language (ESL) learning. In Nigeria, where English is the official language for education and commerce, proficiency in English is crucial for academic and professional success. However, traditional ESL teaching methods often fail to meet the diverse linguistic and cultural needs of Nigerian learners, resulting in varying proficiency levels. This paper explores the potential of digital transformation and AI to enhance ESL teaching and learning in Nigeria. AI-driven tools offer personalized learning experiences, adaptive assessments, and interactive content, while digital transformation facilitates access to quality educational resources and inclusive learning environments. The study highlights key opportunities, such as personalized learning, increased engagement, and improved assessment, while also addressing challenges like technological barriers, teacher training, and cultural diversity. Recommendations include investing in digital infrastructure, developing teacher training programs, and ensuring ethical data practices. Future research should evaluate AI's long-term impact on ESL education in Nigeria and refine technologies to better meet diverse student needs. This study contributes to the discourse on innovative language teaching approaches in the digital age, offering insights that extend beyond Nigeria's borders.
Implementation of Management Functions at PT Pegadaian (Persero)
Authors: Finthariasari Meilaty , Pitra Ahmad , Mukadar Amir , Humairah Mifta , Fauziah Fenty
Published: September 2024

This research aims to investigate and analyze the implementation of management functions at PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Lebong Regency. Considering the many functions of management, this research will only discuss four management functions, namely, planning, organizing, supervising, and directing. This research uses descriptive and qualitative research methods. In the data collection process in this research, researchers used observation, interview, and documentation techniques. In analyzing the data, researchers used data analysis techniques with data reduction steps, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that employees already have their respective duties and obligations in dividing tasks as well as arranging activities by planning in advance. Apart from planning the division of tasks according to the abilities of each employee, PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Lebong Regency also provides good guidance to employees. By carrying out training activities that all employees must participate in. Then, in terms of supervision of PT Pegadaian (Persero), Lebong Regency also did well. Supervision is very important in a company so that the evaluation process runs smoothly.
Early exit deep neural networks for distorted images on edge environments
Authors: Pacheco Roberto G. , Oliveira Fernanda D.V.R. , Couto Rodrigo S.
Published: September 2024

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used for image classification but can struggle with distorted images, leading to reduced accuracy. Moreover, these applications often demand meeting a strict deadline. To this end, an alternative involves employing an adaptive offloading based on early exit NNs(EE-DNNs). EE-DNNs have branches inserted into their middle layers at the edge device. These branches provide confidence estimates. If the classification is sufficiently confident, the inference terminates at the edge device. Otherwise, the edge offloads the inference task to the cloud which runs the remaining layer. Moreover, multiple branches can compose an ensemble that collectively produces a more accurate inference. This work analyzes whether EE-DNN-based solutions can make DNN inference more robust against image distortion, while also satisfying deadline requirements in an adaptive offloading. Our results show that, in terms of accuracy, EE-DNNs and the ensemble approach are as sensitive as conventional DNNs for blurred images. However, given the edge usage, these EE-DNNs approaches can reduce the inference time, enabling them to better fulfill deadline requirements compared to conventional DNNs (i.e., with no branches).
A dynamic multicast routing protocol for visible light communication networks
Authors: Sales Frederico O. , Silva Douglas D. M. , Vieira Luiz F. M. , Vieira Marcos A. M. , Nacif José Augusto M. , Vieira Alex B. , Silva Edelberto F.
Published: September 2024

Due to the current challenges of wireless communications, optical wireless communications, like visible light communication (VLC), have become very popular in the last decade for local area networks. However, current VLC systems focus mainly on one-hop direct transmissions, ignoring that many networking applications require multicast communications. In this sense, we propose MCAST-VLC, a fully functional cross-layer dynamic multicast scheme over a dynamic routing protocol for VLC. MCAST-VLC considers the particular characteristics of the VLC as the need for group management, traffic isolation, a challenging multi-hop route discovery protocol, and a complex cross-layer VLC mechanism to maintain the proper system state. We evaluate our protocol following close real indoor VLC scenarios, previously discussed in the literature, where a light source in a room streams data to a few other VLC devices, and we extend our results numerically. Our results show that MCAST-VLC can handle considerably more network flows than a unicast VLC system under a negligible overhead.
琴論中「韻」的文獻解讀與美學意涵研究—以宋元明清時期為主
Authors: 李美燕 李美燕
Published: September 2024

本文旨在透過琴論中「韻」的文獻解讀，以考察與研究其意涵的發展與流變──以宋元明清時期為主。「韻」代表中國文藝美學的風格與意境的最高成就，舉凡詩論的「神韻」、書畫論的「氣韻」都有特定的意義。然而，樂論中的「韻」卻散見於不同的古籍文獻中，缺少給予一個形成、發展與流變的說明。事實上，審諸歷代樂論來看，「韻」字幾乎都集中在「琴論」中，故本文擬針對這個課題加以研究，除了前言與結論外，內容主要在探討琴論中的「韻」在琴論中產生與流變的歷程為何。透過本文之研究，一方面讓琴論中「韻」的觀念能獲得釐清與建構；另一方面本文將指出在唐朝之前，琴論中論及「韻」者僅零星可見，直到宋代才出現「聲韻」與「氣韻」二者作為琴論中「韻」的美學要旨，前者是古琴音律與美學上的基本要求，乃是清代以前的琴論中論「韻」的重點，乃在以聲韻清雅為美；後者則在清代以後才成為古琴音樂美學的審美觀，所謂的「氣韻」強調彈琴與人之身體呼吸相契合，且又結合人之修養工夫的實踐，落實於吟猱綽注之指法運用，以成就琴韻之美的最高境界。

 

This research investigates the aesthetic significance of “yun” in ancient guqin theory. The “yun” represents the highest achievement of the style and artistic conception of Chinese literary and artistic aesthetics. Moreover, “yun” has well-defined meanings in many aspects of Chinese cultures, such as poetic theory, painting theories, and calligraphy. However, “yun” lacks a clear definition in guqin music theory. Historical records of “yun” in guqin music theory scatter over different ancient book collections. Therefore, the author intends to investigate further “yun” in guqin music theory and research how the process of generation and implementation of it. Through the above research, the concept of “yun” in ancient guqin theories can be clarified and constructed; on the other hand, the author points out that the idea of “clear yun” （清韻）and “elegant guqin” （雅琴）was only sporadically visible in the guqin theory before the Tang Dynasty. It was not until the Song Dynasty that “sound-yun” （ 聲韻） and “qi-yun” （ 氣韻）appeared as the aesthetic essence of “yun” in guqin music theory. The former is the essential requirement of guqin rhythm and aesthetics; the focus of yun in the guqin theory before the Qing Dynasty, that is, the beauty of “sound-yun” is clarity and elegance. Rhythmic vitality became the brilliant aspect of guqin music aesthetics onlyafter the Qing Dynasty. Whether from fingering, composition, etc., presenting the beauty of the yun of guqin music emphasizes the harmony with the guqin player’s body breathing. It combines the practice of human cultivation. Once the spiritual realm of the guqin player is continuously improved, he/she will achieve the highest state of the beauty of the guqin yun.

 
邁向圓滿行動的葛羅托斯基方法：我們的原則、自我紀律、個人化、障礙的消除和程式的編排
Authors: 鍾明德 鍾明德
Published: September 2024

葛羅托斯基將圓滿行動定義為一種「卸下、剝光、揭露、敞開和發現的行動」，亦即演員用身體和聲音來穿透自己的各個經驗領域，進入了當下、合一、出神、入定或斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基所說的「我就是」的狀態。圓滿行動是葛羅托斯基演員訓練、排練、演出的最高核心目標：當演員進入圓滿狀態，「此時表演的本質浮現，會有火花在演員和觀眾間跳來跳去」。葛羅托斯基將自己的表演訓練方法界定為「減法」，亦即，「不是一套套的技巧的累積，而是障礙的去除」。本論文以葛羅托斯基在其貧窮劇場（1959-1969）期間的直接探索、傳授為主，其演員和門生故舊的追述為輔，將引領表演者攀上圓滿行動高峰的「葛羅托斯基表演方法」首度分成五大元素來加以論述：一、我們的原則，二、自我紀律，三、個人化，四、障礙的消除，和五、程式的編排。葛氏和他的演員們為何流血流汗、百折不撓地探索圓滿行動呢？因為圓滿行動是人類的需要：雖然難以置信，且幾乎可遇不可求，但是，「我們都需要這些，我們需要在表演者身上看到上天的化身」。這不是玄學，也不是宗教，而是人之所以為人的本能。

 

Grotowski defines total act as the “act which strips, bares, unveils, reveals, and uncovers,” and with this act of self-penetration an actor will experience a state of being which is hic et nunc, commune, trance, concentration, or what Stanislavsky calls “I am being.” Total act proves to be the highest goal and essence of Grotowski’s Poor Theatre: When an actor achieves this “state of grace,” “the essence of the performance will come into being: that is, a spark jumping between the actor and the spectator.” Grotowski defines further his method as “negative,” that is, “a via negativa—not a collection of skills but an eradication of blocks.” This paper closely follows Grotowski’s works and practices during the Poor Theatre period (1959-1969), with additional clarifications from his actors and collaborators, to pursue for the first time in Grotowski scholarship how the Poor Theatre master led his actors climbing up the Everest of modern theatre. The resulting “Grotowski method” is composed of these five elements: 1. Our Principles; 2. Self-Discipline; 3. Personification; 4. Eradication of Blocks; and 5. Organization of the Actor’s Score. Why did Grotowski and his actors spend so much time and efforts on total act? Because total act is a human need: We all need this, we all need to see inthe performer “a glimpse of God.” This is no mystery, no religion, but a basic human instinct.
做對與糾纏：《成為真正的人》與《亂步萬水千山》中原住民、同志、歷史的再想像
Authors: 馬翊航 馬翊航
Published: September 2024

小說家甘耀明2021年出版的長篇小說《成為真正的人》，以三叉山事件為本，展開諸多複雜的倫理與情感問題。阿美族作家Nakao Eki Pacidal的長篇小說《亂步萬水千山》則以四百年前馬太鞍部落的一場政治危機為起點，試圖探問學術系統、歷史、原住民生存境況的交錯關係。本文認為，這兩部作品中男子同性愛戀的描寫，與過往同志文學作品中所著重處理的「認同」、「抵抗」、「差異」，產生不同的關照，並開啟了新的歷史想像，包含以部落視角重新思考戰－亂的重整過程；以男子同性愛戀，描繪複雜部落社群、戰爭倫理的互動牽連。標題所謂「做對」與「糾纏」，對應了小說中情節、人物、時空觀的設計，以及創作者，在小說牽引戰爭、歷史、殖民遺緒、部落政治與當代社會之複雜關係。本文將從Nakao Eki Pacidal對「中間者之臉」概念的觀照，切入其身為原住民歷史研究者、創作者，對族群身份、學術體制、研究視野之「位置」的省思，進而指認《亂步萬水千山》與《成為真正的人》裡，編製入的糾纏關係，並以「做對」蘊含的雙重意義，提取兩部作品中，幾組或「對立相峙」、或「對偶伴隨」的關係，展開兩篇作品所蘊含的批評能量。

 

Kan Yao-ming’s novel "minBunun", published in 2021, is based on the Sancha Mountain incident and unfolds many complex ethical and emotional issues. Amis writer Nakao Eki Pacidal’s novel "LuanBuWanShuiQianShan" takes a political crisis in the Fata’an tribe four hundred years ago as a starting point and attempts to explore the intertwined relationship among history, the academic system, and the living conditions of indigenous people. The article points out that, unlike previous gay literature works in Taiwan, which usually emphasizes "identity", "resistance" and "differences", these two novels make progress in combining the descriptions of homosexual love with a new way of imagining history. They also revisit chaos and the progress of war from a tribal perspective, revealing the complex entanglements of tribal communtities and war ethics through the lens of the love story between men. "Counterparts" and "entanglements" in the title correspond to the design of the plot, characters, time and space, as well as the multi-layered relationships among war, history, the colonial legacy, tribal politics, and contemporary society in the novel. This article begins with Nakao Eki Pacidal’s explorations on the concept of “the face of the inbetweener” and, as an indigenous history researcher and writer, her reflections on her positioning in the academic system, research vision , and identity in order to recognize the intertwined relationships in "LuanBuWanShuiQianShan" and "minBunun". Additionaly, the article elaborates on the double meaning underlying the word “counterparts” as being opposites and being a pair, which is evident in several groups of characters from the two novels, and the critical power within them.

 
運用修正式德菲法及層級分析法（AHP）探究國軍糧秣補給點區位選址關鍵指標之研究
Authors: 石穎浩 石穎浩 , 陳鴻鈞 陳鴻鈞
Published: September 2024

「糧秣補給點」為戰時鏈結前方作戰部隊與後方補給網絡之關鍵樞紐，藉科學方法訂定選址指標並賦予優序與權重，以提供決策者較準確之判斷，係至關重要之議題。

本研究透過文獻回顧，蒐羅國、內外各式軍事設施選址指標，並運用修正式德菲法（Delphi technique）及層級分析法（Analytic Hierarchy process, AHP），萃取「糧秣補給點」關鍵評選指標。

經歸納分析後提出「補給路線」等5項關鍵指標，並分別提出研究建議，期供決策及準則編修單位與各級補給部隊主官參酌運用。

 
Metacognition and Computational Thinking in Vygotsky's Historical-Cultural Perspective
Authors: Rodrigues da Silva Denilson , Kurtz Fabiana Diniz , Araújo Maria Cristina Pansera de
Published: September 2024

In a post-pandemic context, where pedagogical practices evolve based on different epistemological bases, the encouragement of autonomy and innovation among students and teachers stands out. Aligned with the UN 2030 Agenda, research assumes as an epistemological basis the interdisciplinary relationship between education and Computer Science by exploring Computational Thinking associated with Metacognition. The text addresses the characteristics of this thought, identifies gaps in the theoretical bases and presents a scope that intertwines it with Vygotskian theory, Metacognition and Cognitive Educability. Results of the theoretical and conceptual reflections indicate that metacognition, when applied systematically, promotes the development of computational thinking. To this end, we propose a functional architecture anchored in Vygotskian principles, differentiating content and skills, contributing to a more robust understanding of this thinking with potential consequences for other conceptions and development of curricula, not only in computing, but in teacher education in all areas.
Sentir e pensar no ensino superior
Authors: Lyra Letícia Ribeiro , Loss Adriana Salete , Grossi Márcia Gorett Ribeiro
Published: September 2024

Muitos alunos que ingressam no Ensino Superior não obtêm êxito nos estudos e evadem, pois apresentam emoções, sentimentos, pensamentos negativos e baixa crença de autoeficácia acadêmica que influenciam sua aprendizagem. Diante disso, este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de uma oficina vivenciada por um grupo de alunos de uma universidade federal na região sul do Brasil. Foram realizados dois encontros, em que foram discutidos os conceitos sobre emoção, sentimentos, pensamentos, crenças de autoeficácia acadêmica e aprendizagem. Também foram desenvolvidas estratégias de autorregulação da emoção na aprendizagem acadêmica. Ao final da experiência, pôde-se verificar que os alunos passaram a desenvolver capacidade de reconhecerem o papel das emoções, dos sentimentos, dos pensamentos e das crenças de autoeficácia acadêmica em sua aprendizagem. Conclui-se que mais oficinas como essa possam ser estratégias de permanência e enfrentamento à evasão, bem como permite trazer à discussão a importância da autorregulação emocional na aprendizagem acadêmica.
O Trabalho como Princípio Educativo no Estágio Curricular Obrigatório
Authors: Turcato Mariza Marchioro , Pasqualli Roberta
Published: September 2024

Compreende-se o trabalho como princípio educativo como ação humanizadora por meio do desenvolvimento de todas as potencialidades do ser humano. Levando em consideração este conceito, esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar como o trabalho como princípio educativo se apresenta nos registros documentais do estágio curricular obrigatório do curso Técnico em Alimentos Integrado ao Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal Catarinense, câmpus Concórdia. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza básica e abordagem qualitativa. Quanto aos procedimentos técnicos, é uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Trata-se de um estudo de caso. Os dados produzidos foram analisados a partir da metodologia da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que pode-se considerar que o estágio permitiu a construção de experiências de trabalho, envolvendo o estudante com informações e conhecimentos de aplicação prática que contribuíram com a sua formação profissional, condições básicas para a compreensão do trabalho como princípio educativo.