bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling liquid rate through wellhead chokes using machine learning techniques
Authors: Dabiri Mohammad-Saber , Hadavimoghaddam Fahimeh , Ashoorian Sefatallah , Schaffie Mahin , Hemmati-Sarapardeh Abdolhossein
Published: March 2024

Precise measurement and prediction of the fluid flow rates in production wells are crucial for anticipating the production volume and hydrocarbon recovery and creating a steady and controllable flow regime in such wells. This study suggests two approaches to predict the flow rate through wellhead chokes. The first is a data-driven approach using different methods, namely: Adaptive boosting support vector regression (Adaboost-SVR), multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS), radial basis function (RBF), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) with three algorithms: Levenberg–Marquardt (LM), bayesian-regularization (BR), and scaled conjugate gradient (SCG). The second is a developed correlation that depends on wellhead pressure (Pwh), gas-to-liquid ratio (GLR), and choke size (Dc). A dataset of 565 data points is available for model development. The performance of the two suggested approaches is compared with earlier correlations. Results revealed that the proposed models outperform the existing ones, with the Adaboost-SVR model showing the best performance with an average absolute percent relative error (AAPRE) of 5.15% and a correlation coefficient of 0.9784. Additionally, the results indicated that the developed correlation resulted in better predictions compared to the earlier ones. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis of the input variable was also investigated in this study and revealed that the choke size variable had the most significant effect, while the Pwh and GLR showed a slight effect on the liquid rate. Eventually, the leverage approach showed that only 2.1% of the data points were in the suspicious range.
High biocompatible FITC-conjugated silica nanoparticles for cell labeling in both in vitro and in vivo models
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thuy , Nguyen Hoang Nam , Nghiem Thi Ha Lien , Do Xuan-Hai , To Thanh Thuy , Do Thi Xuan Phuong , Do Dieu Linh , Nguyen Huong Giang , Nguyen Huy Manh , Nguyen Ngoc Dinh , Luu Manh Quynh , Nguyen Trong Nghia , Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc , Nguyen Van Toan , Pham Van Thanh , Than Uyen Thi Trang , Hoang Thi My Nhung
Published: March 2024

Fluorescence nanosilica-based cell tracker has been explored and applied in cell biological research. However, the aggregation of these nanoparticles at physiological pH is still the main limitation. In this research, we introduced a novel fluorescence nano-based cell tracker suitable for application in live cells. The silica-coated fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer (FITC-SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were modified with carboxymethylsilanetriol disodium salt (FITC-SiO2-COOH), integrating the dianion form of FITC molecules. This nanosystem exhibited superior dispersion in aqueous solutions and effectively mitigated dye leakage. These labeled NPs displayed notable biocompatibility and minimal cytotoxicity in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Significantly, the NPs did not have negative implications on cell migration or angiogenesis. They successfully penetrated primary fibroblasts, human umbilical vein endothelial cells and HeLa cells in both 2D and 3D cultures, with the fluorescence signal enduring for over 72 h. Furthermore, the NP signals were consistently observed in the developing gastrointestinal tract of live medaka fish larvae for extended periods during phases of subdued digestive activity, without manifesting any apparent acute toxicity. These results underscore the promising utility of FITC-SiO2-COOH NPs as advanced live cell trackers in biological research.
Unbiased serum metabolomic analysis in cats with naturally occurring chronic enteropathies before and after medical intervention
Authors: Questa Maria , Weimer Bart C. , Fiehn Oliver , Chow Betty , Hill Steve L. , Ackermann Mark R. , Lidbury Jonathan A. , Steiner Joerg M. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Marsilio Sina
Published: March 2024

Chronic enteropathies (CE) are common disorders in cats and the differentiation between the two main underlying diseases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma (LGITL), can be challenging. Characterization of the serum metabolome could provide further information on alterations of disease-associated metabolic pathways and may identify diagnostic or therapeutic targets. Unbiased metabolomics analysis of serum from 28 cats with CE (14 cats with IBD, 14 cats with LGITL) and 14 healthy controls identified 1,007 named metabolites, of which 129 were significantly different in cats with CE compared to healthy controls at baseline. Random Forest analysis revealed a predictive accuracy of 90% for differentiating controls from cats with chronic enteropathy. Metabolic pathways found to be significantly altered included phospholipids, amino acids, thiamine, and tryptophan metabolism. Several metabolites were found to be significantly different between cats with IBD versus LGITL, including several sphingolipids, phosphatidylcholine 40:7, uridine, pinitol, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and glucuronic acid. However, random forest analysis revealed a poor group predictive accuracy of 60% for the differentiation of IBD from LGITL. Of 129 compounds found to be significantly different between healthy cats and cats with CE at baseline, 58 remained different following treatment.
NADPH oxidase 2 mediates cardiac sympathetic denervation and myocyte autophagy, resulting in cardiac atrophy and dysfunction in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ma Yuan , Zhao Hui-Ping , Yang Li-Guo , Li Lu , Wang Ai-Lin , Zhang Xiao-Juan , Wang Ke , Yang Bin , Zhu Zong-Feng , Zhang Pei-Jun , Wang Jia-Pu , Chi Rui-Fang , Li Bao , Qin Fu-Zhong , Wang Zhi-Peng
Published: March 2024

Doxorubicin has been used extensively as a potent anticancer agent, but its clinical use is limited by its cardiotoxicity. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we tested whether NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) mediates cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities and myocyte autophagy, resulting in cardiac atrophy and dysfunction in doxorubicin-induced heart failure. Nox2 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were randomly assigned to receive a single injection of doxorubicin (15 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline. WT doxorubicin mice exhibited the decreases in survival rate, left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and LV fractional shortening and the increase in the lung wet-to-dry weight ratio 1 week after the injections. These alterations were attenuated in Nox2 KO doxorubicin mice. In WT doxorubicin mice, myocardial oxidative stress was increased, myocardial noradrenergic nerve fibers were reduced, myocardial expression of PGP9.5, GAP43, tyrosine hydroxylase and norepinephrine transporter was decreased, and these changes were prevented in Nox2 KO doxorubicin mice. Myocyte autophagy was increased and myocyte size was decreased in WT doxorubicin mice, but not in Nox2 KO doxorubicin mice. Nox2 mediates cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities and myocyte autophagy—both of which contribute to cardiac atrophy and failure after doxorubicin treatment.
Immunomodulatory potential of Sarcophaga argyostoma larval hemolymph as a natural alternative to berenil in treating Trypanosoma evansi in vivo
Authors: Sadek Al-Shaimaa M. , Farghaly Doaa S. , Kadada Hala , Mashaal Alya
Published: March 2024

This study compared effects of diminazene aceturate (berenil), commonly used to treat domestic animals infected withTrypanosoma evansi,with the hemolymph ofSarcophaga argyostomalarva. The hemolymph may be acting as a possible natural alternative to berenil, based on immunomodulation mediated inflammatory response. Inflammatory mediators and histopathological changes in liver, kidney, and spleen of albino mice experimentally infected withT. evansiwere studied. Mice were divided into five groups: G1, uninfected, untreated (negative control); G2,T. evansiinfected (positive control); G3, infected and treated with berenil; G4, infected and treated with hemolymph; G5, infected and treated with hemolymph 3 days before infection (prophylactic group). Animals in (G4) and (G5) exhibited a significant overall reduction in serum levels of IFN-γ. However, the reduction in TNF-α and IL-6 levels was more limited compared to (G2) and (G3). Notably, an elevation in IL-10 levels was observed compared to animals in other groups. Furthermore, the groups treated with hemolymph demonstrated an alleviation ofT. evansiinfection in contrast to the other groups. This study highlights that the administration ofSarcophaga argyostomalarval hemolymph at a dosage of 0.5 ml/kg significantly inhibitedT. evansiorganisms in vivo, showcasing a pronounced trypanocidal effect.
Enhancement of magnetization and optical properties of CuFe2O4/ZnFe2O4 core/shell nanostructure
Authors: Faramawy A. M. , El-Sayed H. M.
Published: March 2024

In this work, core/shell of CuFe2O4/ZnFe2O4 nanostructure composite was prepared by hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission electron microscope imaging, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared techniques were used to prove the phase formation, morphology, elemental analysis, and cation distribution of core/shell structure, respectively. Furthermore, measurement of the optical properties proved the decrease of photoluminescence (PL) efficiency. The magnetic measurements showed an enhancement of the magnetization by about 63% relative to pure Cu ferrite, and the magnetization curve exhibited superparamagnetic behavior. These results were explained in terms of the depression of the magnetic dead layer thickness in the core/shell structure. The results unleash the promising applications of the prepared samples as transformer cores in the high frequency range and as a photocatalytic agent for water purification and hydrogen production.
Assessing the spatial occupation and ecological impact of human activities in Chengguan district, Lhasa city, Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Xu Lin , Xu Yong , Duan Jian , Wang Yingying , Yang Hua
Published: March 2024

In this study, the ecological impact of human activities and the space occupied by construction and arable land on the Tibetan Plateau were examined, focusing on changes in the net primary productivity (NPP) as a key indicator of ecological health. With the utilization of land use data and multiyear average NPP data from 2002 to 2020, we analyzed the effects of the conversion of zonal vegetation into construction and arable land on carbon sequestration and oxygen release in Chengguan District, Lhasa city. Our findings indicated a marked spatial difference in the NPP among different land types. Regarding the original zonal vegetation, the NPP ranged from 0.2 to 0.3 kg/m2. Construction land showed a decrease in the NPP, with values ranging from 0.16 to 0.26 kg/m2, suggesting a decrease in ecological productivity. Conversely, arable land exhibited an increase in the NPP, with average values exceeding 0.3 kg/m2. This increase suggested enhanced productivity, particularly in regions where the original zonal vegetation provided lower NPP values. However, this enhanced productivity may not necessarily indicate a positive ecological change. In fact, such increases could potentially disrupt the natural balance of ecosystems, leading to unforeseen ecological consequences. The original zonal vegetation, with NPP values ranging from 0.12 to 0.43 kg/m2, exhibited higher ecological stability and adaptability than the other land types. This wider NPP range emphasizes the inherent resilience of native vegetation, which could sustain diverse ecological functions under varying environmental conditions. These findings demonstrate the urgent need for sustainable land use management on the Tibetan Plateau. This study highlights the importance of considering the ecological impact of land use changes in regional development strategies, ensuring the preservation and enhancement in the unique and fragile plateau ecosystem.
Preparation of high-resolution micro/nano dot array by electrohydrodynamic jet printing with enhanced uniformity
Authors: Jin Yiwei , Zhao Ziwei , Chen Jiankui , Chen Wei , Wang Guozhen , Yin Zhouping
Published: March 2024

The high-resolution array is the basic structure of most kinds of microelectronics. Electrohydrodynamic jet (E-Jet) printing technology is widely applied in manufacturing array structures with high resolution, high material compatibility and multi-modal printing. It is still challenging to acquire high uniformity of printed array with micro-nanometer resolution, which greatly influences the performance and lifetime of the microelectronics. In this paper, to improve the uniformity of the printed array, the influence of each parameter on the uniformity of the E-jet printed dot array is studied on the cobuilt NEJ-E/P200 experimental platform, finding the applied voltage plays the most important role in maintaining the uniformity of the printed array. By appropriately adjusting the printing parameters, the dot arrays with different resolutions from 500 pixels per inch (PPI) to 17,000 PPI are successfully printed. For arrays below and over 10,000 PPI, the deviations of the uniformity are within 5% and 10% respectively. In this work, the dot array over 15,000 PPI is first implemented using E-jet printing. The conclusions acquired by experimental analysis of dot array printing process are of great importance in high resolution array printing as it provides practical guidance for parameters adjustment.
Sex drives colonic mucin sialylation in wild mice
Authors: Bennett Alexander R. , Mair Iris , Muir Andrew , Smith Hannah , Logunova Larisa , Wolfenden Andrew , Fenn Jonathan , Lowe Ann E. , Bradley Janette E. , Else Kathryn J. , Thornton David J.
Published: March 2024

Mucin protein glycosylation is important in determining biological properties of mucus gels, which form protective barriers at mucosal surfaces of the body such as the intestine. Ecological factors including: age, sex, and diet can change mucus barrier properties by modulating mucin glycosylation. However, as our understanding stems from controlled laboratory studies in house mice, the combined influence of ecological factors on mucin glycosylation in real-world contexts remains limited. In this study, we used histological staining with ‘Alcian Blue, Periodic Acid, Schiff’s’ and ‘High-Iron diamine’ to assess the acidic nature of mucins stored within goblet cells of the intestine, in a wild mouse population (Mus musculus). Using statistical models, we identified sex as among the most influential ecological factors determining the acidity of intestinal mucin glycans in wild mice. Our data from wild mice and experiments using laboratory mice suggest estrogen signalling associates with an increase in the relative abundance of sialylated mucins. Thus, estrogen signalling may underpin sex differences observed in the colonic mucus of wild and laboratory mice. These findings highlight the significant influence of ecological parameters on mucosal barrier sites and the complementary role of wild populations in augmenting standard laboratory studies in the advancement of mucus biology.
In vitro hemodynamic performance of a blood pump for self-powered venous assist in univentricular hearts
Authors: Rasooli Reza , Holmstrom Henrik , Giljarhus Knut Erik Teigen , Jolma Ingunn Westvik , Vinningland Jan Ludvig , de Lange Charlotte , Brun Henrik , Hiorth Aksel
Published: March 2024

Univentricular heart anomalies represent a group of severe congenital heart defects necessitating early surgical intervention in infancy. The Fontan procedure, the final stage of single-ventricle palliation, establishes a serial connection between systemic and pulmonary circulation by channeling venous return to the lungs. The absence of the subpulmonary ventricle in this peculiar circulation progressively eventuates in failure, primarily due to chronic elevation in inferior vena cava (IVC) pressure. This study experimentally validates the effectiveness of an intracorporeally-powered venous ejector pump (VEP) in reducing IVC pressure in Fontan patients. The VEP exploits a fraction of aortic flow to create a jet-venturi effect for the IVC, negating the external power requirement and driveline infections. An invitro Fontan mock-up circulation loop is developed and the impact of VEP design parameters and physiological conditions is assessed using both idealized and patient-specific total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) phantoms. The VEP performance in reducing IVC pressure exhibited an inverse relationship with the cardiac output and extra-cardiac conduit (ECC) size and a proportional relationship with the transpulmonary pressure gradient (TPG) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). The ideal VEP with fail-safe features provided an IVC pressure drop of 1.82 ± 0.49, 2.45 ± 0.54, and 3.12 ± 0.43 mm Hg for TPG values of 6, 8, and 10 mm Hg, respectively, averaged over all ECC sizes and cardiac outputs. Furthermore, the arterial oxygen saturation was consistently maintained above 85% during full-assist mode. These results emphasize the potential utility of the VEP to mitigate elevated venous pressure in Fontan patients.
On topological analysis of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks via M-polynomial
Authors: Yang Hong , Hanif Muhammad Farhan , Siddiqui Muhammad Kamran , Hussain Mazhar , Hussain Nazir , Fufa Samuel Asefa
Published: March 2024

Covalent organic frameworks (ZnP-COFs) made of zinc-porphyrin have become effective materials with a variety of uses, including gas storage and catalysis. To simulate the structural and electrical features of ZnP-COFs, this study goes into the computation of polynomials utilizing degree-based indices. We gave a methodical study of these polynomial computations using Excel, illustrating the complex interrelationships between the various indices. Degree-based indices provide valuable insights into the connectivity of vertices within a network. M-polynomials, on the other hand, offer a mathematical framework for representing and studying the properties of 2D COFs. By encoding structural information into a polynomial form, M-polynomials facilitate the calculation of various topological indices, including the Wiener index, Zagreb indices, and more. The different behavior of ZnP-COFs based on degree-based indices was illustrated graphically, and this comparison provided insightful information for prospective applications and the construction of innovative ZnP-COF structures. Moreover, we discuss the relevance of these techniques in the broader context of materials science and the design of functional covalent organic frameworks.
Conditional reciprocal stressor–strain effects in university students: a cross-lagged panel study in Germany
Authors: Reichel Jennifer L. , Mülder Lina M. , Dietz Pavel , Heller Sebastian , Werner Antonia M. , Schäfer Markus , Schwab Lisa , Letzel Stephan , Rigotti Thomas
Published: March 2024

University students worldwide are facing increasing mental health challenges. Traditional stress models, like the Job/Study Demand-Resources Model, link stressors directly to strain. Yet, recent studies suggest the influence of strain on stressors may be even stronger. Our research explored these reciprocal dynamics among university students, considering social support and mindfulness as potential moderators. We conducted a two-wave panel study with 264 university students. We ran separate cross-lagged panel structural equation analyses for three key health outcomes—emotional exhaustion, depression, and well-being—each paired with perceived study stressors, specifically workload and work complexity. Findings revealed significant stressor and strain effects, with social support notably moderating the impact of emotional exhaustion on workload. These insights challenge traditional stress theories and underscore the importance of mental health support and effective stress management strategies for students, emphasizing the need for proactive mental health initiatives in academic environments.
A memetic dynamic coral reef optimisation algorithm for simultaneous training, design, and optimisation of artificial neural networks
Authors: Bérchez-Moreno Francisco , Durán-Rosal Antonio M. , Hervás Martínez César , Gutiérrez Pedro A. , Fernández Juan C.
Published: March 2024

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been used in a multitude of real-world applications given their predictive capabilities, and algorithms based on gradient descent, such as Backpropagation (BP) and variants, are usually considered for their optimisation. However, these algorithms have been shown to get stuck at local optima, and they require a cautious design of the architecture of the model. This paper proposes a novel memetic training method for simultaneously learning the ANNs structure and weights based on the Coral Reef Optimisation algorithms (CROs), a global-search metaheuristic based on corals’ biology and coral reef formation. Three versions based on the original CRO combined with a Local Search procedure are developed: (1) the basic one, called Memetic CRO; (2) a statistically guided version called Memetic SCRO (M-SCRO) that adjusts the algorithm parameters based on the population fitness; (3) and, finally, an improved Dynamic Statistically-driven version called Memetic Dynamic SCRO (M-DSCRO). M-DSCRO is designed with the idea of improving the M-SCRO version in the evolutionary process, evaluating whether the fitness distribution of the population of ANNs is normal to automatically decide the statistic to be used for assigning the algorithm parameters. Furthermore, all algorithms are adapted to the design of ANNs by means of the most suitable operators. The performance of the different algorithms is evaluated with 40 classification datasets, showing that the proposed M-DSCRO algorithm outperforms the other two versions on most of the datasets. In the final analysis, M-DSCRO is compared against four state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating its superior efficacy in terms of overall accuracy and minority class performance.
A novel heterogeneous biocatalyst based on graphene oxide for synthesis of pyran derivatives
Authors: Amiri-Zirtol Leila , Khabnadideh Soghra
Published: March 2024

Graphene oxide modified with tryptophan (GO-Trp) has been introduced as a new heterogeneous acid-base biocatalyst for synthesis of some pyran derivatives. GO was prepared according to the Hummer’s method and tryptophan as a low-cost green amino acid is covalently bonded to the surface of GO without any organic or toxic reagents in a green way. The new catalyst was characterized by different spectroscopic methods such as Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction (XRD), etc. …. The results of XRD patterns showed an increase in the distance between the GO plates in the presence of the modifying agent which specifies the presence of amino acid between the GO layers. XPS analysis also confirmed successful modification through the presence of C–N bonds in the structure of the catalyst. In addition, improvements in thermal stability and changes in the morphology of the samples were observed using thermogravimetric analysis and Field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis respectively. Evaluation of the catalyst performance in the synthesis of some benzo[b]pyran and pyrano[3,2-c] chromene derivatives showed presentable results. Seven benzo[b]pyran (4a–4g) and five pyrano[3,2-c] chromene (4h–4l) derivatives were synthesized. GO-Trp as a safe, natural and efficient catalyst, could be reused up to 5 runs for synthesis of pyran derivatives without any significant decrease in its potency. High purity of the products and desirable yields are other points that make the present work more attractive.
1,2,3-triazole and chiral Schiff base hybrids as potential anticancer agents: DFT, molecular docking and ADME studies
Authors: Belay Yonas , Muller Alfred , Mokoena Fanikie S. , Adeyinka Adedapo S. , Motadi Lesetja R. , Oyebamiji Abel K.
Published: March 2024

A series of novel 1,2,3-triazole and chiral Schiff base hybrids 2–6 were synthesized by Schiff base condensation reaction from pre-prepared parent component of the hybrids (1,2,3-triazole 1) and series of primary chiral amines and their chemical structure were confirmed using NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and CHN elemental analysis. Compounds 1–6 were evaluated for their anticancer activity against two cancer PC3 (prostate) and A375 (skin) and MRC-5 (healthy) cell lines by Almar Blue assay method. The compounds exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the tested cancer cell lines. Among the tested compounds 3 and 6 showed very good activity for the inhibition of the cancer cell lines and low toxicity for the healthy cell lines. All the compounds exhibited high binding affinity for Androgen receptor modulators (PDB ID: 5t8e) and Human MIA (PDB ID: 1i1j) inhibitors compared to the reference anticancer drug (cisplatin). Structure activity relationships (SARs) of the tested compounds is in good agreement with DFT and molecular docking studies. The compounds exhibited desirable physicochemical properties for drug likeness.
A theoretical model for predicting the startup performance of pumps as turbines
Authors: Zhang Yu-Liang , Zhao Yan-Juan , Zhu Zu-Chao
Published: March 2024

Using the unsteady Bernoulli equation for the piping system and the angular momentum equation for the rotor, derives here a theoretical model to predict the startup performance of a pump as turbine (PAT). This model is effective for predicting the instantaneous evolution characteristics of the main performance parameters of PAT during startup, and these changings are initially faster and then slowly as a whole. The effect of the rotor moment of inertia and the final stabilized rotational speed of PAT on evolution characteristics of parameters is opposite. The rotational speed, head, hydraulic power, and conversion efficiency show a upward rising trend with the startup time, whereas the flow rate and hydraulic head loss display a downward trend.
Strength and microstructural properties of silt soil cured by lime-activated fly ash-GGBS under different curing temperatures
Authors: Gong Shunmei , Feng Songbao , Wang Shiquan , Yu Lemei , Chen Yuanyuan , Xu Qiang
Published: March 2024

To reveal the mechanism of the influence of the curing temperature on the strength of lime activated fly ash-GGBS cured silt soil, the curing of dredged silt was carried out by using fly ash and GGBS as the curing agent and lime as the activator. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) experiments were carried out, and the micro-analysis of the cured silt was carried out by experimental methods including scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests, X-ray diffraction (XRD), etc. to reveal the mechanism of the curing temperature on the dredged silt. According to the test results, the hydration reaction and pozzolanic reaction between lime-fly ash-GGBS and silt soil were promoted with the increase of the curing temperature. when the curing temperature of the sample reached 40 ℃, a large amount of gel products such as hydrated calcium aluminate (C–A–H) and hydrated calcium silicate (C–S–H) were generated, which enhanced the bonding force between soil particles and filled up the inter-particle pore space, thereby improving the UCS of the sample. The results of SEM confirmed that C–A–H and C–S–H were the main substances for the construction of cured silt skeleton. C–S–H and C–A–H were detected by XRD. The results of the study fill the gap in the effect of curing temperature on the direction of lime-activated fly ash-GGBS cured silt soil.
In-situ observations reveal weak hygroscopicity in the Southern Tibetan Plateau: implications for aerosol activation and indirect effects
Authors: Wang Yuan , Li Jiming , Fang Fang , Zhang Ping , He Jianjun , Pöhlker Mira L. , Henning Silvia , Tang Chenguang , Jia Hailing , Wang Yang , Jian Bida , Shi Jinsen , Huang Jianping
Published: March 2024

As a precursor process to cloud formation, aerosol activation over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays a pivotal role in regional cloud-precipitation and global climate. However, its characteristics remain unclear due to the absence of targeted observations in the TP. We conducted a ground in-situ aerosol-cloud-precipitation experiment in the southern TP (GACPE-STP), thereby unveiling the aerosol activation characteristics in this crucial region. Our findings reveal a weak aerosol activation capacity with low hygroscopicity (κ) values of less than 0.1 through multi-method κ measurements, contrasting starkly with the widely recommended κ value of 0.3 for continental regions. A κ parameterization is developed for predicting aerosol activation in this region, which can significantly reduce the overestimations of cloud droplet number concentration and hence aerosol indirect effects caused by using the recommended κ of 0.3. These findings address the unclear characteristics of aerosol activation in the TP region, contributing to the enhancement of regional cloud precipitation and global climate simulations.
Maternal RNA transcription in Dlk1-Dio3 domain is critical for proper development of the mouse placental vasculature
Authors: Zhang Ximeijia , He Hongjuan , Yu Haoran , Teng Xiangqi , Wang Ziwen , Li Chenghao , Li Jiahang , Yang Haopeng , Shen Jiwei , Wu Tong , Zhang Fengwei , Zhang Yan , Wu Qiong
Published: March 2024

The placenta is a unique organ for ensuring normal embryonic growth in the uterine. Here, we found that maternal RNA transcription in Dlk1-Dio3 imprinted domain is essential for placentation. PolyA signals were inserted into Gtl2 to establish a mouse model to prevent the expression of maternal RNAs in the domain. The maternal allele knock-in (MKI) and homozygous (HOMO) placentas showed an expanded junctional zone, reduced labyrinth and poor vasculature impacting both fetal and maternal blood spaces. The MKI and HOMO models displayed dysregulated gene expression in the Dlk1-Dio3 domain. In situ hybridization detected Dlk1, Gtl2, Rtl1, miR-127 and Rian dysregulated in the labyrinth vasculature. MKI and HOMO induced Dlk1 to lose imprinting, and DNA methylation changes of IG-DMR and Gtl2-DMR, leading to abnormal gene expression, while the above changes didn’t occur in paternal allele knock-in placentas. These findings demonstrate that maternal RNAs in the Dlk1-Dio3 domain are involved in placental vasculature, regulating gene expression, imprinting status and DNA methylation.
Functionalized graphene oxide–antibody conjugate-based electrochemical immunosensors to detect Opisthorchis viverrini antigen in urine
Authors: Aye Nang Noon Shean , Maraming Pornsuda , Tippayawat Patcharaporn , Daduang Sakda , Techasen Anchalee , Jamnongkan Wassana , Sithithaworn Paiboon , Daduang Jureerut
Published: March 2024

Functionalized graphene oxide–antibody conjugate-based electrochemical immunosensors exhibit the potential for highly sensitive and point-of-care detection of Opisthorchis viverrini antigen in urine samples.
The Sea's best kept secret: the use of seaweed as a source of biohydrogen for clean and renewable energy
Authors: Wyper Olivia M. , Zendehboudi Sohrab , Kerton Francesca M.
Published: March 2024

Seaweeds, or macroalgae, have been used for centuries as food additives, fertilizers, and in traditional medicines. Recent uses include energy (fuels) and as a source of bioactive compounds (vitamins and fucoidan).
Detection of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 for pancreatic cancer imaging and treatment via a “turn-on” fluorescent probe
Authors: Wang Lingxiao , Wang Lingyun , Sun Xiao , Fu Lili , Wang Xinlei , Wang Xiaoyan , Chen Lingxin , Huang Yan
Published: March 2024

A fluorescent probe for detecting UGT1A1 to help discriminate pancreatic cancer in cells and in vivo.
A two-layer circuit cascade-based DNA machine for highly sensitive miRNA imaging in living cells
Authors: Yang Lin , Zang Yan , Liu Peng , Xing Xin , Mou Zhenxin
Published: March 2024

A DNA machine is rationally fabricated by integrating two DNA circuits into a cascade system for amplified imaging of low-abundance miRNA in living cells, which provides a 10 000-fold improvement in amplification efficiency over the single circuit.
Subtle adjustment of the cyclic potential on electro-activated glassy carbon electrodes for sensitive sensing of methyl parathion
Authors: Yang Yunyin , Chen Sian , Zhang Changqiu , Li Yanqing , Zong Xinrong , Lv Yitao , Zhang Min
Published: March 2024

Upon experiencing a negligible change of 0.5 V which only takes 5 more seconds, the signal value of an e-GCE was efficiently enhanced from 2-fold to 30-fold compared with a bare GCE.
Effects of B2S3 additive on diamond crystallization at HPHT conditions
Authors: Li Yong , Wang Shuai , Xiao Hongyu , Wang Qiang , Xiao Zhengguo , She Yanchao , Wang Ying
Published: March 2024

The color of the diamond obtained with the B2S3 additive changes from yellow to light blue and the resistivity of the synthesized diamond drops from 3.89 × 10 Ω cm to 2.51 × 10−1 Ω cm with the introduction of Ti/Cu into the synthetic cavity.
Doubly charged dimers and trimers of heavy noble gases
Authors: Schöpfer Gabriel , Bergmeister Stefan , Ončák Milan , Stromberg Ianessa , Mahmoodi-Darian Masoomeh , Scheier Paul , Echt Olof , Gruber Elisabeth
Published: March 2024

Long-lived doubly charged dimers and trimers of krypton and xenon are formed by sequential ionization of doped helium nanodroplets.
Green synthesis of iron-doped graphene quantum dots: an efficient nanozyme for glucose sensing
Authors: Li Xinqi , Lin Guanyou , Zhou Lijun , Prosser Octavia , Malakooti Mohammad H. , Zhang Miqin
Published: March 2024

This study presents an effective approach for producing FeN/GQDs nanozymes, mimicking natural enzymes. With a simplified and eco-friendly method, it achieves remarkable peroxide-like activity and high sensitivity in glucose detection.
Facile preparation of high-performance Mn and Mg co-doped Fe2O3 nanorod for lithium-ion battery anode from refined green alum slag-a “turn waste into treasure” strategy
Authors: Yang Gang , Zhu Piao , Liu Jinru , Liu Jiang , Liao Hailong , Wu Xiulin , Sun Xiujuan , Liu Enhui , Ding Rui , Gao Ping
Published: March 2024

Herein, value-added Fe2O3 was recovered from green alum slag, a by-product of TiO2 production in the industry. It worked well in LIBs as anode, showed a stable specific capacity of 1209 mA h g−1 at 500 mA g−1.
Diazenylation of active methyne compounds via arylazo sulfones
Authors: Wang Ruiqing , Kong Lingkai , Zong Xinyu , Zhang Minghui , Chen Wenyi , Liu Yaxin , Ma Lingjuan , Zhao Yulei
Published: March 2024

An interesting diazenylation reaction is demonstrated, which enables the efficient synthesis of hydrazones using active methyne compounds and arylazo sulfones.
Radiative cooling: structure design and application
Authors: Wang Yi , Ji Haining , Liu Bin , Tang Pinghua , Chen Yongxing , Huang Jiamei , Ou Yangyong , Tao Jundong
Published: March 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of radiative cooling technology, covering its basic principles, various design structures, and potential applications.
Point cloud geometry compression with sparse cascaded residuals and sparse attention
Authors: Lu Shiyu , Yang Huamin , Han Cheng
Published: March 2024

Effective compression of point clouds is essential for implementing virtual and mixed reality applications, which require encoding millions or even tens of millions of points. This paper offers a new geometric compression for point clouds based on sparse cascaded residuals and sparse attention. A sparse cascaded residual module is posited to connect multiple residual modules through shortcuts, thereby augmenting the network's learning capacity and compression efficacy. The authors developed a sparse attention module to acquire global features by computing interdependencies among points, enhancing compression performance to a greater extent. Trade‐off parameters are employed to optimize the rate and distortion. The authors’ method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art open‐source method regarding rate‐distortion on the ShapeNet, ModelNet, and Microsoft Voxelized Upper Bodies datasets, with average bjøntegaard‐delta (BD)‐rate gains of −14.44% and −15.38%.
Underdetermined blind source separation based on third‐order cumulant and tensor compression
Authors: Luo Weilin , Li Xiaobai , Jin Hongbin , Li Hao , Yuan Kai , Yang Ruijuan
Published: March 2024

A method for Underdetermined Blind Source Separation is proposed using third‐order cumulants and tensor compression. To effectively suppress symmetrical distributed noise, the third‐order cumulant is considered. Additionally, the complexity of high‐dimensional tensors can be reduced through high order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) for compression purposes. The method begins by calculating the third‐order cumulant tensor for whitening signals at different time delays, and then stacks several cumulants into a fourth‐order tensor. The HOSVD decomposition is applied to the fourth‐order tensor, compressing the high‐dimensional tensor into a low‐dimensional core tensor. Next, the core tensor is further decomposed using the canonical polyadic decomposition, and the resulting factor matrices are fused to obtain an estimation of the mixed matrix. Finally, leveraging the signal independence, a matrix diagonalisation method is employed to recover the source signals. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively suppresses the influence of Gaussian noise, reduces computational complexity, and saves computational time. Moreover, compared with five representative approaches, the proposed method achieves superior separation results. Specifically, for the 3 × 4 mixed model with a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 20 dB, the average relative error of speech signal and radio signal are −11.02 and −6.8 dB respectively.
BigDEAL Challenge 2022: Forecasting peak timing of electricity demand
Authors: Shukla Shreyashi , Hong Tao
Published: March 2024

Peak load forecasting is crucial to power system planning and operations. While the literature has reported many studies on forecasting the magnitude of peak load, few have focused on the timing aspect. In the fall of 2022, the Big Data Energy Analytics Laboratory (BigDEAL) organised the BigDEAL Challenge 2022, which was devoted to short‐term ex‐ante peak timing forecasting. The competition attracted 78 teams formed by 121 contestants from 27 countries. The authors introduce the competition in detail, including its precursor competitions held in the 2010s, the framework and setup, and a summary of the methods used by the participants. The authors also publish the data of the BigDEAL Challenge 2022 along with this paper. Lastly, the authors present their perspective on the research challenges of peak timing forecasting and future load forecasting competitions.
Enhanced energy balancing and optimal load curtailment strategy for DC microgrid integration in hybrid AC/DC distribution networks
Authors: Sarwar Sohail , Zafar Haroon , Merlin Michael , Arsalan Ali , Papari Behnaz , Kiprakis Aristides
Published: March 2024

Unleashing the potential of distributed renewable energy sources (RESs), intelligent and autonomous microgrids are becoming pivotal in attaining net‐zero carbon emission goals. Hybrid AC/DC microgrids rise as cutting‐edge microgrid topologies, capitalising on the best of both AC and DC systems. However, the integration of intermittent renewables and uncertainties in loading poses stability challenges. Advanced bidirectional converter controls provide efficient power exchange, but in extreme contingencies, a resilient supervisory control framework (load management/load curtailment approach) is inevitable to withstand/avoid unplanned renewable disruptions/blackouts. Moreover, the operational paradigm shift towards achieving net‐zero emissions, isolated operation of RESs, and conventional load shedding methods are anticipated to encounter substantial challenges, necessitating the development of alternative strategies. In order to improve the stability of hybrid microgrid systems in islanding scenarios, this research presents an energy balancing and load curtailment strategy. The proposed method aims at optimising resource utilisation, prioritising essential loads, and executing an optimal load curtailment strategy (if required), thereby augmenting the stability of systems. Unlike a meta‐heuristic or exhaustive search, which depends on 2n − 1 possible combinations and become unworkable as load numbers increase, the suggested methodology is based on a mathematically modelled load restriction method. By including load criticality, this strategy effectively prevents blackouts even with an increasing number of loads, providing a significantly more useful and practical solution. Additionally, the proposed charging algorithm ensures that the energy storage system imports energy from the grid during off‐peak hours and maximises power generation from the DC subgrid. The efficacy of the proposed strategy is validated using a modified IEEE‐33 bus system as a test case for a hybrid AC/DC microgrid. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the MILP‐based load curtailment approach in maintaining system stability and preventing blackouts during unforeseen events.
Reconnaissance ultracool spectra in theEuclidDeep Fields
Authors: Zhang J.-Y. , Lodieu N. , Martín E. L.
Published: March 2024

Context.TheEuclidspacecraft has been launched and will carry out a deep survey benefiting the discovery and characterisation of ultracool dwarfs (UCDs), especially in theEuclidDeep Fields (EDFs), which the telescope will scan repeatedly throughout its mission. The photometric and spectroscopic standards in the EDFs are important benchmarks, crucial for the classification and characterisation of new UCD discoveries and for the calibration of the mission itself.

Aims.We aim to provide a list of photometric UCD candidates and collect near-infrared reconnaissance spectra for M, L, and T-type UCDs in the EDFs as futureEuclidUCD references.

Methods.In EDF North, we cross-matched public optical and infrared surveys with certain photometric criteria to select UCDs. In EDF Fornax and EDF South, we used photometrically classified samples from the literature. We also include UCDs identified byGaiaDR2. We selected seven UCD targets with different spectral types from the lists and obtained low-resolution 0.9–2.5 μm spectra of them using GTC/EMIR and the VLT/X-shooter. We also selected a young, bright L dwarf near EDF Fornax to test the coherence of these two facilities. We included one extra T dwarf in EDF North with its publishedJ-band spectrum.

Results.We retrieved a list of 81 (49, 231) M, eight (29, 115) L, and one (0, 2) T dwarf candidates in EDF North, Fornax, and South, respectively. They are provided to guide future UCD discoveries and characterisations byEuclid. In total, we collected near-infrared spectra for nine UCDs, including two M types, three L types, and four T types in or close to the three EDFs. The Euclidised spectra show consistency in their spectral classification, which demonstrates that slitlessEuclidspectroscopy will recover the spectral types with high fidelity for UCDs, both in the EDFs and in the wide survey. We also demonstrate thatEuclidwill be able to distinguish different age groups of UCDs.
Positive Daten bei zahlreichen HER2-positiven Tumoren
Authors: Arnheim Katharina
Published: March 2024

Die Phase-II-Studie DESTINY-PanTumor02 weist auf eine hohe Aktivität von Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (T-DXd) bei verschiedenen soliden Tumoren hin.
DGHO-Jahrestagung: Herausforderung zytogenetische Diagnostik
Authors: Maugg Doris
Published: March 2024

Das refraktäre/rezidivierte Multiple Myelom (r/rMM) ist gekennzeichnet durch eine komplexe Zytogenetik und Heterogenität. Selbst innerhalb verschiedener Krankheitsherde eines Patienten können heterogene Muster entstehen und Tumorzellen im Therapieverlauf mutieren und Resistenzen entwickeln, was zielgerichtete Therapien erschwert.
Kinder- und Jugendliche mit Essstörungen zu Hause behandeln
Authors: Ehrstein-Kadel Yvonne
Published: March 2024

Essstörungen sind schwer zu behandeln und erfordern einen ganzheitlichen Ansatz, der die Gesundheit des Individuums, seine Ernährung, sein Selbstbild und seine familiären und sozialen Beziehungen berücksichtigt. Anhand eines Fallbeispiels wird gezeigt, dass eine sorgfältig geplante und gezielte Zuhause-Behandlung eine wirksame Ergänzung und Alternative zum stationären Aufenthalt sein kann.
Community (Mental) Health Nursing – Zukunftsvision oder Wirklichkeit?
Authors: Ledtermann Ivonne , Henni Rached Imane , Schmitt Celine , Kloos Victoria-Fabiola
Published: March 2024

Community Health Nursing ist ein Ansatz, um Krankheiten präventiv zu begegnen, die Gesundheitskompetenz von Patient*innen frühzeitig zu stärken und Versorgungslücken zu schließen. In der aufsuchenden Patient*innen-Versorgung können gezielte Interventionen angewendet, notwendige Hilfen schnell eingeleitet und die langfristige Häuslichkeit sichergestellt werden.
Bindung älterer Mitarbeiter*innen in der psychiatrischen Pflege
Authors: Freyaldenhoven Iris , Fehling Patrick
Published: March 2024

In psychiatrischen Pflegeteams gibt es zunehmend ältere Mitarbeiter*innen. Damit sie ihren Beruf bis zum Renteneintritt ausüben können, ist es wichtig, die Arbeitsbedingungen entsprechend zu gestalten. Kann das empathiebasierte Entlastungskonzept „empCARE“ effektiv dazu beitragen, dass Mitarbeiter*innen bis zum 67. Lebensjahr in der psychiatrischen Pflege tätig sind?
Wie wirkt sich Gewalt im Maßregelvollzug auf die pflegerische Haltung aus?
Authors: Merk Nicolai , Kaiser Karin
Published: March 2024

Die berufliche Haltung von Pflegekräften ist durch Werte wie Empathie oder Fürsorge geprägt. Im Maßregelvollzug können solche humanistischen Werte nicht nur auf Ablehnung, sondern auch auf Gewalt vonseiten der Patient*innen stoßen. Welchen Einfluss kann Gewalt durch Patient*innen auf die Haltung von Pflegekräften haben? Eine Studie liefert Antworten.
Evaluation of Fetal Breathing-Related Nasal Fluid Flow Doppler in the
Third Trimester in Pregnant Women with Fetal Growth Restriction: Preliminary
Observations
Authors: Rzayeva Gunay , Kale İbrahim , Arısoy Resul , Muhcu Murat
Published: March 2024

Objective To investigate the fetal breathing-related nasal fluid flow
Doppler waveforms as an indicator of fetal respiratory function in fetuses
diagnosed with fetal growth restriction (FGR) in the third trimester.

Materials and Methods This prospective, non-interventional case-control
study was conducted on 96 pregnant women, including 23 pregnant women diagnosed
with FGR in the third trimester as the FGR group and 73 healthy pregnant women
with fetuses appropriate for gestational age (AGA) as the control group. Fetal
breathing-related nasal fluid flow Doppler was examined in the fetuses of the
participants. Inspiration and expiration duration, inspiration and expiration
peak velocity, total breathing duration, and number of fetal breaths per minute
were calculated.

ResultsBoth groups were similar in terms of the duration of inspiration,
duration of expiration, and total breathing duration (p=0.463, p=0.711, p=0.520,
respectively). Peak inspiratory velocity and peak expiratory velocity were
significantly lower in the FGR group than in the control group, and the number
of fetal breaths per minute was similar in both groups (p=0.027, p=0.012,
p=0.768, respectively). When participants were regrouped into those whose
newborn was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after birth and
those who were not, all fetal nasal fluid flow Doppler parameters were similar
in both groups.

Conclusions Although the number of participants was too small to draw a
definitive conclusion, FGR appears to be associated with a decrease in peak
inspiratory and expiratory velocity. The clinical significance of changes in
fetal breathing-related nasal fluid flow Doppler parameters in FGR is as yet
unclear, and their use in clinical follow-up and predicting unfavorable
perinatal outcomes are the subjects of future research.