bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zika virus disrupts the barrier structure and Absorption/Secretion functions of the epididymis in mice
Authors: Sheng Ziyang , Gao Na , Fan Dongying , Wu Na , Zhang Yingying , Han Daishu , Zhang Yun , Tan Weilong , Wang Peigang , An Jing
Published: March 2021

Several studies have demonstrated that Zika virus (ZIKV) damages testis and leads to infertility in mice; however, the infection in the epididymis, another important organ of male reproductive health, has gained less attention. Previously, we detected lesions in the epididymis in interferon type I and II receptor knockout male mice during ZIKV infection. Herein, the pathogenesis of ZIKV in the epididymis was further assessed in the infected mice after footpad inoculation. ZIKV efficiently replicated in the epididymis, and principal cells were susceptible to ZIKV. ZIKV infection disrupted the histomorphology of the epididymis, and the effects were characterized by a decrease in the thickness of the epithelial layer and an increase in the luminal diameter, especially at the proximal end. Significant inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the epididymis accompanied by an increase in the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-28. The expression of tight junction proteins was downregulated and associated with disordered arrangement of the junctions. Importantly, the expression levels of aquaporin 1 and lipocalin 8, indicators of the absorption and secretion functions of the epididymis, were markedly reduced, and the proteins were redistributed. These events synergistically altered the microenvironment for sperm maturation, disturbed sperm transport downstream, and may impact male reproductive health. Overall, these results provide new insights into the pathogenesis of the male reproductive damage caused by ZIKV infection and the possible contribution of epididymal injury into this process. Therefore, male fertility of the population in areas of ZIKV epidemic requires additional attention.
KEGG2Net: Deducing gene interaction networks and acyclic graphs from KEGG pathways
Authors: Chanumolu Sree K , Albahrani Mustafa , Can Handan , Otu Hasan H
Published: March 2021

The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database provides a manual curation of biological pathways that involve genes (or gene products), metabolites, chemical compounds, maps, and other entries. However, most applications and datasets involved in omics are gene or protein-centric requiring pathway representations that include direct and indirect interactions only between genes. Furthermore, special methodologies, such as Bayesian networks, require acyclic representations of graphs. We developed KEGG2Net, a web resource that generates a network involving only the genes represented on a KEGG pathway with all of the direct and indirect gene-gene interactions deduced from the pathway. KEGG2Net offers four different methods to remove cycles from the resulting gene interaction network, converting them into directed acyclic graphs (DAGs).  We generated synthetic gene expression data using the gene interaction networks deduced from the KEGG pathways and performed a comparative analysis of different cycle removal methods by testing the fitness of their DAGs to the data and by the number of edges they eliminate. Our results indicate that an ensemble method for cycle removal performs as the best approach to convert the gene interaction networks into DAGs. Resulting gene interaction networks and DAGs are represented in multiple user-friendly formats that can be used in other applications, and as images for quick and easy visualisation. The KEGG2Net web portal converts KEGG maps for any organism into gene-gene interaction networks and corresponding DAGs representing all of the direct and indirect interactions among the genes.Availability: KEGG2Net is freely available at http://otulab.unl.edu/KEGG2Net
Concept analysis of Perioperative Thirst for the development of a new nursing diagnosis
Authors: Nascimento Leonel Alves do , Garcia Aline Korki Arrabal , Conchon Marilia Ferrari , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Fonseca Lígia Fahl
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the perioperative thirst concept for the development of a new diagnostic structure according to NANDA International. Methods: a concept analysis study based on the framework proposed by Walker and Avant, instrumentalized through an integrative literature review based on SCOPUS, CINAHL, PUBMED, LILACS, and WOS. The elaboration of the diagnostic structure followed NANDA International guidelines. Results: 41 studies were analyzed revealing that perioperative thirst is prevalent and intense, having visceral and behavioral attributes as the core of the concept. Antecedents indicate that surgical patients are vulnerable to thirst; and consequents 16 signs and symptoms were organized and model cases were developed. A diagnostic structure has been developed for perioperative thirst. Final Considerations: concept analysis allowed language standardization that describes thirsty patients, helping the identification, planning of actions and communication of perioperative nursing care.
Spectral detection of nematodes in soybean at flowering growth stage using unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Arantes Bruno Henrique Tondato , Moraes Victor Hugo , Geraldine Alaerson Maia , Alves Tavvs Micael , Albert Alice Maria , Silva Gabriel Jesus da , Castoldi Gustavo
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: Soybean is one of the main crop species grown in the world. However, there is a decline in productivity due to the various types of stress, including the nematodes Heterodera glycines and Pratylenchus brachyurus. The objectives were to determine the best spectral band for detecting H. glycines and P. brachyurus at the beginning of flowering (R1). Soil and root sampling was conducted at nine sampling sites in each of the five nematode-infested regions, totaling 45 sampling points. Flights were made at all regions using Phantom 4 Advanced, Sequoia and 14-band customized Sentera. For H. glycines, the red spectral band best explained the variability on soil and root nematode counts as well as the second stage of juveniles in soil. For P. brachyurus, Sentera RedEdge best explained the variability in root nematode counts and Sequoia NIR best explained soil juveniles. A multiple linear regression model using spectral data for detecting P. brachyurus and H. glycines improved R² compared to simple linear regressions. At flowering growth stage (R1), soybean spectral reflectance was associated with the number of H. glycines and P. brachyurus on soil and roots using low-cost and multispectral sensors.
EDUCAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA COMO ABORDAGEM PEDAGÓGICA E INVESTIGATIVA DE RESISTÊNCIA
Authors: Silva Wagner Rodrigues
Published: March 2021

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta uma releitura da abordagem da educação científica originária do campo de estudos do Ensino de Ciências. Foi proposto para ajustar a referida abordagem (a) a práticas de pesquisa nos estudos linguísticos aplicados e (b) ao ensino e formação de professores de língua materna. Este trabalho se configura num estudo bibliográfico ilustrado por alguns excertos documentais, e fundamenta-se em estudos do letramento, além de dialogar com outros referenciais teóricos de diferentes origens. A releitura reforçou a necessidade de readequação de funções tradicionalmente desempenhadas por alguns elementos integrantes das práticas de pesquisa e de ensino. Os encaminhamentos apresentados podem garantir investigações científicas mais democráticas e culturalmente sensíveis, além de uma abordagem pedagógica crítica, desencadeadora de práticas reflexivas em aulas de língua.
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Lactobacillus bulgaricus and assessment of their antibacterial potential
Authors: Naseer Q. A. , Xue X. , Wang X. , Dang S. , Din S. U. , Kalsoom  , Jamil J.
Published: March 2021

Abstract Many pathogenic strains have acquired multidrug-resistant patterns in recent a year, which poses a major public health concern. The growing need for effective antimicrobial agents as novel therapies against multidrug-resistant pathogens has drawn scientist attention toward nanotechnology. Silver nanoparticles are considered capable of killing multidrug-resistant isolates due to their oligo-dynamic effect on microorganisms. In this research study NPs were synthesized using the gram-positive bacteria Lactobacillus bulgaricus and its activity against selected pathogenic strains. Lactobacillus bulgaricus pure cultures were isolated from raw milk and grown in “De Man, Rogasa, and Sharp” broth for synthesis of nanoparticles. Lactobacillus bulgaricus culture was centrifuged and Cell- free supernatant of it was employed with aqueous silvery ions and evaluated their antibacterial activities against bacterial strains i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Salmonella typhi using agar well diffusion assay. Antibiotic profiling against selected pathogenic strains were also conducted using disc diffusion method. The synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles were monitored primarily by the conversion of the pale-yellow color of the mixture into a dark-brown color and via ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy respectively. The result showed that that AgNPs with size (30.65-100 nm) obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus were found to exhibit antibacterial activities against selected bacterial strains. Taken together, these findings suggest that Lactobacillus bulgaricus has great potential for the production of AgNPs with antibacterial activities and highly effective in comparison to tested antibiotics.
Phytochemical characterization, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the hydroethanolic extract of Anadenanthera peregrina stem bark
Authors: Marinho T. A. , Oliveira M. G. , Menezes-Filho A. C. P. , Castro C. F. S. , Oliveira I. M. M. , Borges L. L. , Melo-Reis P. R. , Silva-Jr N. J.
Published: March 2021

Abstract The Brazilian Cerrado biome consists of a great variety of endemic species with several bioactive compounds, and Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg is a promising species. In this study, we aimed to perform phytochemical characterization and evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli of the hydroethanolic extract of A. peregrina stem bark. The barks were collected in the Botanical Garden of Goiânia, Brazil. The hydroethanolic extract was obtained by percolation and subjected to physicochemical screening, total phenolic content estimation, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprinting, and antioxidant (IC50 values were calculated for the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay - DPPH) and antibacterial activity determination. The pH of the extract was 5.21 and density was 0.956 g/cm3. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of cardiac glycosides, organic acids, reducing sugars, hemolytic saponins, phenols, coumarins, condensed tannins, flavonoids, catechins, depsides, and depsidones derived from benzoquinones. The extract showed intense hemolytic activity. The total phenolic content was 6.40 g GAE 100 g-1. The HPLC fingerprinting analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid, catechin, and epicatechin. We confirmed the antioxidant activity of the extract. Furthermore, the extract did not inhibit the growth of E. coli colonies at any volume tested, but there were halos around S. aureus colonies at all three volumes tested. These results contribute to a better understanding of the chemical composition of A. peregrina stem bark and further support the medicinal applications of this species.
Committee of the Siberian Railroad and Scientific Support for the Resettlement In Siberia
Authors:   State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kann Sergey
Published: March 2021

In the program of the Committee of the Siberian Railroad, the supporting role was assigned to scientific applied research. They were urged to promote strong settling of territories on the basis of studying of the natural and climatic conditions of a taiga, urman and steppe areas, as well as carrying out hydrotechnical and hydrological work. Events were an integral part of the practical activities of departments. The Committee coordinated the activities of departments, supervision and control, and also distributed financial resources aimed at solving these problems. The article analyzes the principles of organization of scientific and applied work related to resettlement, the main directions and the results achieved.
To the Question of Factors of Transformation of Traditional Economy’s System of the Prybaykal Evenks in the XVII — Early ХX Centuries
Authors:   Baikal State University, Kuryshov Andrey
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the processes of changing the traditional economy of the Evenks Pribaikalye in the XVII – early XX centuries. Objective preconditions are considered which made possible the transformation of the traditional economy, which led to the threat of assimilation of Evenks by neighboring peoples at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. It is concluded that the conditions were influenced by the economic traditions of the Russians and the Buryats, the incompleteness of the Evenk ethnogenesis, the colonial policy of the Russian government and the development of capitalist relations in Siberia (in the XIX – early XX centuries).
About the Local and Central Authorities Activities Aimed to Improve the Workability of Local Industry in the Irkutsk Region on the Eve of the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   Baikal State University, Fomina Yulia
Published: March 2021

The article is aimed to illustrate the activities to develop the local industry on the eve of the Great Patriotic War. Under the analyses there are problematic situations at local industries and the ways to overcome those. The main local statutes are observed and the reports on their enforcement by local industrial enterprises.
The Globalisation and Deglobalization Processes in International Cooperation of the Region (On the Example of the Irkutsk Oblast)
Authors:   Irkutsk Sstate University, Oleynikov Ilya
Published: March 2021

The article presents the periodization and general characteristics of the region’s international interaction through the prism of the globalization concept. The author concludes that regional international cooperation is characterized by a bizarre combination of opposite processes of globalization and deglobalisation.
The Journal «Siberian Questions» About the Elections in the State Duma in the Siberia (1907–1912)
Authors:   Bratsk State University, Kudryashov Vasily
Published: March 2021

The article dedicates to analyse of materials the journal «Siberian questions» about the elections in the State Duma in the Siberia (1907–1912).
The State of Crime in Bratsk in 1955–1991 According to the Prosecutors
Authors:   Irkutsk Sstate University, Lyakh Tatiana
Published: March 2021

This article presents and analyzes data on the dynamics of crime, presents the General directions of criminal activity in the city of Bratsk in 1955–1991. Also, the causes of the growth of crimes are considered. The study of regional indicators of crime dynamics in the Irkutsk region at the present stage is a significant step in the formation of ideas about the spread of social anomalies in the Soviet period. The archival materials of the Prosecutor’s office not previously used in publications have been introduced into scientific circulation.
Social and Political Practices of Adjusting the State-Religious Relations in Russia at the Turn of the 21st Century
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy (Saratov, Russian Federation), Slobozhnikova Valentina S.
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the public desire to adjust the state-religion relations at the turn of the 21st century. It has been provoked by the fact that Russia is still looking for its own model of relations alongside with the development of traditional religiosity. The aim of the study is to identify the forms of social and political practices aimed at changing the state-religion relations existing in the past. The study reflects the results of the periodical press analysis. Lots of periodicals covered social and political discussions of the issue: draft laws and research works within historical, neo-institutional, and comparative approaches. The author identifies significant institutional changes that triggered social and political practices related to SRR at the turn of the 21st century. Special federal and regional agencies responsible for religious policy appeared within the governmental system. The creation of the Interfaith Council of Russia as well as the adoption and publication by the leading religious organizations of their social and political doctrines also fell within the tendency. Social and political practices were unfolding within the two main trends: (1) Russia is a secular country, and the state should consider secularism as a strategy of its religious policy; (2) the crisis typical of the period triggered the search for additional resources and governmental mechanisms. There were disagreements in the public opinion. Some people were actively trying to save and protect the former relations that meant the exclusion of the state from the religious sphere regulation (separation SRR model). Others were proponents of the new cooperation SRR model, but its content was interpreted in different ways. The crisis contributed much to social and political practices which approached the traditional religions problem as one of the options for finding mechanisms to restore control over the country and solve social and spiritual problems. The traditional religions problem became a social and political one. This fact stirred the religious world up and in fact split it apart. The State Duma was one of the bodies involved in state-religion relations. At the turn of the 21st century, its Committee on Public and Religious Organizations was actively promoting the idea of traditional religions. Those who supported the idea to include the concept “traditional religion” into the political and legal frameworks were trying to implement it in their lawmaking practice. They came out with several bills. The most debatable of them were the ones named after their authors (Shandybin’s bill, Chuyev’s bill, Glazyev’s bill, etc.). There were also drafts of the Religious Policy Concept. The study describes unsuccessful attempts (by bills and SRR concept drafts) to turn traditional religiosity into a normative element of Russian social and political frameworks. It was a big challenge for the state and the public.
“Museum Construction Should Be Science-Based”: On the History of the Conceptual Model of the Museum in the Early Soviet Period
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation), Ananiev Vitaly G.
Published: March 2021

The 1917 Revolution had a significant impact on all aspects of life in Russia. The museum field also experienced its influence. The new conceptual framework of culture determined the soon formation of a new conceptual model of the museum. Its final codification occurred after the First All-Russian Museum Congress in 1930. However, in order to better understand the specific features of this model, it is necessary to consider its prehistory. Such an understanding is the aim of this article. The author analyzes materials from the St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which has not previously attracted researchers’ attention. He uses classical methods of source studies (textology and historical source criticism) and close reading as the main epistemological tool for research. These are materials from the commission established in August 1920 to prepare for the unification of the Hermitage and the Russian Museum into a single Museum of World Art and Culture. The new authorities made this decision on August 2, 1920. The commission included representatives of the academic world and representatives of the new government. The meeting was headed by S.A. Zhebelev, a prominent professor of ancient history. Very soon, the commission turned to the consideration of general issues of the museum. At several of its meetings, it discussed the question of the relationship between basic museological functions: research and education. This issue was not considered in the abstract dimension, but through the specifics of museum work, in particular, of exhibition activities. All the participants recognized the importance of the educational activities of the museum, but at the same time recognized these activities as subordinate to research work. Representatives of the new power almost did not participate in this discussion, although they actively expressed themselves and debated on other issues, for example, on the question of the direct merging and redistribution of museum collections. Another issue that arose in connection with the discussion of museum functions was the issue of training museum professionals. In general, the nature of the discussed issues and the very content of the discussion demonstrate that Russian museology passed through an empirically-descriptive stage in its development during this period. Representatives of the new government did not yet actively intervene in the development of the model of an ideal museum. For representatives of the academic community, research was more important than education as a basic museum function.
Deburring Method of Aluminum Mould Produced by Milling Process for Microfluidic Device Fabrication
Authors: Saptaji Kushendarsyah , Triawan Farid , Sai Tong Keong , Gebremariam Asmelash
Published: March 2021

The existence of top burrs in micro-scale features produced by milling process can deteriorate the surface quality of a product. Ductile metals, such as aluminum alloys, are prone to suffer from top burrs formation after a slot-milling process. A brief review on the state-of-the-art of burr removal process in micro-scale milling is provided in this paper. Various deburring methods were reportedly able to remove the burrs in micro-scale features, however a much simpler method is still needed. In the present work, a deburring process by stainless steel end brushing is introduced for aluminum mould used in microfluidic device fabrication. The micro-scale features are produced by slot-milling process followed by the deburring process. The deburred moulds are then visually observed using optical microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the average surface roughness and its features profile are measured using 3D Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope. As a result, the proposed deburring method can successfully remove the top burrs, as indicated by a height reduction of about 21% due to the removal action by the brush. Hence, a burr-free embossing mould with complex shape channel features can be produced by milling and by applying a simple deburring process using stainless steel end brush.
Comparison of IOL power & axial length estimated by optical biomicroscopy and ultrasonic biometry.
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India, Chandra Dr. M. Ramesh , Konda Dr. Kavya ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India, Mounica Dr. S. ,   MBBS, Department of Ophthalmology, Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India, Sreevathsala Dr. T. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: March 2021

Aim: To compare IOL power & axial length estimated by optical biometry (OB) and ultrasonicbiometry (UB). Material & methods: A prospective & comparative study was planned to compareaxial length & IOL power calculated by Appa Scan AME - 01A (Appasamy Associates, India) (UB) &IOL master 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) (OB). Autokeratometry evaluated using IOLmaster 500 & SRK/T formula were taken for IOL power estimation. Spss software version 20.0 wasused for analysis. Results: Overall agreement between UB & OB for axial length & IOL power wasexcellent ( weighted kappa 0.807 & 0.825 respectively). Conclusion: Ultrasound biometry, a cost-effective method for IOL power & axial length calculation, still holds value as compared to opticalbiometry for routine cataract surgeries.
Cell pattern abnormalities in cervical pap smear in correlation with age and demography at a Tertiary care centre.
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV)( Deemed to be University). Ammapettai, Tamil Nadu. India, Selvi Dr. N. Thamarai , R Dr. Revathi Shree ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV)( Deemed to be University). Ammapettai, Tamil Nadu. India, S. Dr. Prakashiny ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV)( Deemed to be University). Ammapettai, Tamil Nadu. India
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Carcinoma Cervix is common all around the globe and ranked third amidst allmalignancies among women. The cervical mucosa undergoes morphologic variation with age andpractising cytopathologists is aware of these difference to make an accurate diagnosis. This studyaimed to detect abnormal cervical epithelial cell patterns in a rural population and compare lesionsor abnormal cell patterns among different age groups. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted in a tertiary care centre at the Department of Pathology over6 months. 408 women were included in the study. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel andanalyzed in SPSS software. Results: Out of 408 women included in the study, the most commonage group of the presentation was 31 to 40 years (36%), followed by 20 to 30 years (24%). NILM-Inflammatory was the most common finding (50%), followed by NILM (36%). The most commonsymptoms of presentation were Menstrual abnormalities (21%), White discharge and pruritus(18%). Findings in younger women were most commonly NILM-Inflammatory & NILM whereas in thepost-menopausal age group, ASCUS, LSIL & HSIL. Conclusion: All women above 30 years of ageshould undergo routine cervical cancer screening, and should continue screening even in theperimenopausal and postmenopausal age. Most women who visited the gynaecology OPD were notaware of cervical cancer screening. Hence the general population has to be educated about thebenefits of pap smear test through medical camps and awareness programs.
Using EMDR Therapy to Treat Clients Remotely
Authors: Fisher Naomi
Published: March 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapists have been faced with the choice of either abruptly terminating therapy with their clients or moving to working remotely, usually by videoconferencing. This poses particular challenges to therapists who may have never worked online. The standard EMDR protocol can be effectively delivered remotely when therapists are aware of how to make necessary adaptations. Based on clinical and supervision practice, this article describes ways in which EMDR therapists can adapt their ways of working in order to work effectively with clients remotely. This ensures that clients can still benefit from this effective and evidence-based treatment during a global health crisis. It suggests a number of ways in which bilateral stimulation can be achieved remotely, as well as discussing special considerations which arise with online therapeutic work. It considers adaptations which need to be made at each stage of EMDR therapy. It uses case examples from children and adults to illustrate how these adaptations work in real life. The case examples discussed in this article are illustrative of the techniques and adaptations necessary for remote EMDR and therefore reflect composites rather than individuals.
Warm Advection Fog over the Eastern Yellow Sea: WRF Simulation and Its Verification by Satellite and In Situ Observations
Authors: Lee Eunjeong , Kim Jung-Hoon , Heo Ki-Young , Cho Yang-Ki
Published: March 2021

Sea fog event over the Eastern Yellow Sea on 15–16 April 2012 was reproduced in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) simulation with high-resolution to investigate the roles of phys-ical processes and synoptic-scale flows on advection fog with sea surface warming. Initially, longwave radiative cooling (LRC) with negative sensible heat flux (SHF) due to the turbulence af-ter sunset triggered a formation of cloud at the surface under the moist advection with a southerly wind. This is a conventional type of advection fog. At night, continuous cooling due to longwave radiation and SHF near the surface modulated the change of the SHF from negative to positive, resulting in a drastic increase in the latent heat flux (LHF) that provided sufficient moisture at lower atmosphere (self-moistening). This is a favorable condition for advection fog with sea sur-face heating (ssH), and this transition represents advection fog with ssH. Enhanced turbulent mixing driven by a buoyancy force increased the depth of the sea fog with a gradual rise in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) height, even at nighttime. In addition, cold advec-tion with a prevailing northerly wind at the top of the MABL led to a drastic increase in turbulent mixing and the MABL height, which resulted in rapid growth of the height of sea fog due to ver-tical diffusion. After sunrise, shortwave radiative warming in the fog layers offsetting the LRC near the surface weakened thermal instability, which contributed to the reduction in the MABL height, even during the daytime. In addition, dry advection of northerly wind induced dissipa-tion of the fog via evaporation. An additional sensitivity test of sea surface salinity showed weaker and shallower sea fog than the control due to the decrease in both the LHF and local self-moistening.
Modeling of Renewable Energy Systems by a Self-Evolving Nonlinear Consequent Part Recurrent Type-2 Fuzzy System (NCPRT2FS) for Power Prediction
Authors: Tavoosi Jafar , Suratgar Amir Abolfazl , Menhaj Mohammad Bagher , Mosavi Amir , Mohammadzadeh Ardashir , Ranjbar Ehsan
Published: March 2021

Not only does this paper present a novel type-2 fuzzy system for identification and behavior prognostication of an experimental solar cell set and a wind turbine, but also it brings forward an exquisite technique to acquire an optimal number of membership functions and the corresponding rules. It proposes a seven-layered NCPRT2FS. For fuzzification in the first two layers, Gaussian type-2 fuzzy membership functions with uncertainty in the mean, are exploited. The third layer comprises rule definition and the forth one embeds fulfillment of type reduction. The three last remained layers are the ones in which resultant left–right firing points, two end-points and output all get assessed correspondingly. It should not be neglected off the nutshell that recurrent feedback at the fifth layer exerts delayed outputs ameliorating efficiency of the suggested NCPRT2FS. Later in the paper, a modern structural learning, established on type-2 fuzzy clustering, is held forth. An adaptively rated learning back-propagation algorithm is extended to adjust the parameters ensuring the convergence as well. Eventually, solar cell photo-voltaic and wind turbine are deemed as case studies. The experimental data are exploited and the consequent yields emerge so persuasive.
Motorway Measurement Campaign to Support R&D Activities in the Field of Automated Driving Technologies
Authors: Tihanyi Viktor , Tamás Tettamanti , Csonthó Mihály , Eichberger Arno , Ficzere Dániel , Gangel Kálmán , Hörmann Leander B. , Klaffenböck Maria A. , Knauder Christoph , Patrick Luley Patrick , Magosi Zoltan Ferenc , Magyar Gábor , Németh Huba , Soós Gábor , Reckenzaun Jakob , Remeli Viktor , Rövid András , Ruether Matthias , Solmaz Selim , Somogyi Zoltán , Szántay Dávid , Tomaschek Tamás Attila , Varga Pál , Vincze Zsolt , Wellershaus Christoph , Szalay Zsolt
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the measurement campaign carried out on a real-world motorway stretch of Hungary with the participation of both industrial and academic partners from Austria and Hungary. The measurement included vehicle based as well as infrastructure based sensor data. The obtained results will be extremely useful for future automotive R&D activities due to the available ground truth for static and dynamic content. The aim of the measurement campaign was twofold. On the one hand, road geometry was mapped with high precision in order to build Ultra High Definition (UHD) map of the test road. On the other hand, the vehicles - equipped with differential Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for ground truth localization - carried out special test scenarios while collecting detailed data using different sensors. All test runs were recorded by both vehicles and infrastructure. As a complementary task, the available 5G network was monitored and tested. The paper also showcases application examples based on the measurement campaign data, in which the added value of having access to the ground truth labeling and the created UHD map of the motorway section becomes apparent. In order to present our work transparently, a part of the measured data have been shared openly such that interested automotive as well as academic parties may use it for their own purposes.
Why Pashmina Goat Produces Long Hair-fiber and Barbari doesn’t: A Differential Gene Expression Study
Authors: Saif Rashid , Mahmood Tania , Ejaz Aniqa , Zia Saeeda
Published: March 2021

The Pashmina and Barbari are two famous goat breeds found in the wide areas of the Indo-Pak region. Pashmina is famous for its long hair-fiber (Cashmere) production while Barbari is not-selected for this trait. So, the mRNA expression profiling in the skin samples of both breeds would be an attractive and judicious approach for detecting putative genes involved in this valued trait. Here, we performed differential gene expression analysis on publicly available RNA-Seq data from both breeds. Out of 44,617,994 filtered reads of Pashmina and 55,995,999 of Barbari which are 76.48% and 73.69% mapped to the ARS1 reference transcriptome assembly respectively. A pairwise comparison of both breeds resulted in 47,159 normalized expressed transcripts while 8,414 transcripts are differentially expressed above the significant threshold. Among these, 4,788 are upregulated in Pashmina while 3,626 transcripts are upregulated in Barbari. Fifty-nine transcripts harbor 57 genes including 32 LOC genes and 24 are annotated genes which were selected on the basis of TMM counts > 500. Genes with ectopic expressions other than uncharacterized and LOC symbol genes are Keratins (KRT) and Keratin Associated Proteins (KRTAPs), CystatinA&6, TCHH, SPRR4, PPIA, SLC25A4, S100A11, DMKN, LOR, ANXA2, PRR9 and SFN. All of these genes are likely to be involved in keratinocyte differentiation, sulfur matrix proteins, dermal papilla cells, hair follicles proliferation, hair curvature, wool fiber diameter, hair transition, hair shaft differentiation and its keratinization. These differentially expressed reported genes are critically valuable for enhancing the quality and quantity of the pashmina fiber and overall breed improvement. This study will also provide important information on hair follicle differentiation for further enrichment analyses and introducing this valued trait to other goat breeds as well.
Conceptual model of software to develop acoustic emission diagnostic system
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Khan K. I. , Kazhmaganbetova M. A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Zaichenko T. N. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Published: March 2021

A generalized diagram of an acoustic emission diagnostic system is presented and a set of programs for its design is proposed. The propagation of an acoustic wave simulation is carried out by COMSOL Multiphysics in plane case under various conditions and the coincidence of the results with the COSMOS / M modelling system results is shown.
Methods for adapting the leaping frog algorithm to the binary search space when solving the feature selection problem
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Bardamova M. B. , Buymov A. G. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Tarasenko V. F. ,   National Research "Tomsk State University"
Published: March 2021

The feature selection is an important step in constructing any classifier. Binary versions of metaheuristic optimization algorithms are often used for selection. However, many metaheuristics are originally created to work in the continuous search space, so they need to be specially adapted to the binary space. In this paper, the authors propose fifteen ways to binarize the Shuffled frog leaping algorithm based on the following methods: modified algebraic operations, merge operation, and transformation functions. The efficiency of the binary algorithm was tested in the problem of feature selection for fuzzy classifiers on data sets from the KEEL repository. The results show that all the described methods of binarization allow reducing the features, while increasing the overall accuracy of classification.
Comparative analysis of object detection systems using using the reflection or reradiation of radio-, acoustic or electromagnetic waves
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Karnyshev V. I. , Avdzeiko V. I. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Rulevskiy V. M. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Pascal E. S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Krakovskiy V. A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Akulinichev Yu. P. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Bozhkov V. G. ,   Research Institute of Semiconductor Devices
Published: March 2021

The systems intended for detecting objects of artificial and natural origin are widely used while implementing the remote sensing methods. In this case, such different frequency ranges of sounding signals as radar, acoustic and optical ones are used. This article presents the results of patent analysis of the detection systems for such groups of the International Patent Classification as G01S13, G01S15, G01S17. The analysis has been carried out using the database of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) inventions registered from 2015 to 2019. The aim of the given study was to compare the development trends of the object detection systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio-, acoustic or electromagnetic waves. It is shown that the proposed approach makes it possible to identify the promising (breakthrough) technological directions, as well as to form predictive estimates of their development in the short-term.
Effects of uncertainty in determining the parameters of the linear Muskingum method using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm
Authors: Norouzi Hadi , Bazargan Jalal
Published: March 2021

The Muskingum method is one the simplest and most applicable methods of flood routing. Optimizing the coefficients of linear Muskingum is of great importance to enhance accuracy of computations on an outflow hydrograph. In this study, considering the uncertainty of flood in the rivers and by application of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, we used the data obtained from three floods simultaneously as basic flood to optimize parameters of linear Muskingum (X, K and ), rather than using inflow and outflow hydrographs of a single basic flood (observational flood), and optimized the outflow discharge at the beginning of flood (O1) as a percentage of inflow discharge at the beginning of flood (I1). The results suggest that the closer inflow discharge variation of basic flood to the inflow discharge variation of observational flood, the greater the accuracy of outflow hydrograph computations. Moreover, when the proposed approach is used to optimize parameters of X, K and , the accuracy of outflow hydrograph computations will increase too. In other words, if rather than using a single basic flood, the proposed approach is applied, the average values of mean relative error (MRE) of total flood for the first, second, third and fourth flood will be improved as 31, 13, 39 and 33%, respectively.
Antifibrotic Drugs for COVID-19: From Orphan Drugs to Blockbusters?
Authors: Corrie Leander , Muzaffar-Ur-Rehman MD , Kukatil Latha , Manasa Devasari , Shirisha Adepu
Published: March 2021

:

Antifibrotic agents are known to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The two antifibrotic
agents approved and in usage are Pirfenidone and Nintedanib granted by the USFDA in 2014.
They are both known to decrease inflammation in the lungs. The fact that COVID-19 has shown to
cause inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs frames the theory of their usage in the treatment of the
disease by reducing lung scaring and allowing faster discharge of patients with post-COVID complications.
The need for them to change their status from orphans to blockbusters has not happened
yet due to fewer data and less research available on them as well as various other economic and patient-
related factors. Since COVID-19 is widespread and causes many complications of the lungs
that are similar to what these two drugs treat. We believe that the status of these drugs could be
changed due to an increase in demand for them.
Speed control of the asynchronous motor using LabVIEW
Authors:   Department of Energy and Computer Science, Vasile Alecsandri University of Bacău, Bacău, Romania, Livinti Petru
Published: March 2021

This paper was presented a comparative study on the methods of adjusting the speed of a three-phase asynchronous motor with a rotor in a short circuit. For the same structure of the experimental stand used, two programs were created, implemented, and validated in LabVIEW. For the first method, the program in LabVIEW was made with the PI (proportional-integrative) controller and for the second method, the program in LabVIEW was made with the Fuzzy Logic controller. Following the analysis of the resulting graphs, it was found that the speed control system made with the fuzzy logic controller ensures an increase in its performance compared to the speed control system made with the conventional PI type controller. The indicial responses of the adjustment system of the three-phase asynchronous motor speed with PI controller or Fuzzy Logic controller have been determined in real-time by means of the experimental stand. The override of the speed adjustment system is decreased from the value of 26.9% corresponding to the PI controller to the value of 2.3% corresponding to the Fuzzy Logic controller and the duration of the transient time is decreased from the value of 2.2 s related to the PI controller to the value of 0.5 s, related to the Fuzzy Logic controller. By using the Fuzzy Logic controller, the amount of electrical energy required to supply the electric drive system made with a three-phase asynchronous motor will be reduced. This three-phase asynchronous motor speed adjustment algorithm can be implemented for other electric drive systems from different industrial applications.
Unique Features of a Web-Based Nutrition Website for Childhood Cancer Populations: Descriptive Study
Authors: Wartenberg Lisa , Raber Margaret , Chandra Joya
Published: March 2021

Background

Children with cancer experience a myriad of nutritional challenges that impact their nutrition status during treatment and into survivorship. Growing evidence suggests that weight at diagnosis impacts cancer outcomes, but provider guidance on nutrition and diet during treatment varies. Nutrition literacy and culinary resources may help mitigate some common nutritional problems; however, many patients may face barriers to accessing in-person classes. Along with dietitian-led clinical interventions, web-based resources such as the newly updated electronic cookbook (e-cookbook) created by The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, @TheTable, may facilitate access to nutrition and culinary education during treatment and into survivorship.

Objective

We sought to define and describe the features and content of the @TheTable e-cookbook and compare it with analogous resources for a lay audience of patients with childhood cancer and childhood cancer survivors as well as their families.

Methods

We evaluated freely available web-based resources via a popular online search engine (ie, Google). These searches yielded three web-based resources analogous to @TheTable: the American Institute for Cancer Research’s Healthy Recipes, The Children’s Hospital of San Antonio’s Culinary Health Education for Families Recipe for Life, and Ann Ogden Gaffney and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center’s Cook for Your Life. These sites were analyzed for the following: number of recipes, search functionality, child or family focus, cancer focus, specific dietary guidance, videos or other media, and miscellaneous unique features.

Results

Cook for Your Life and Culinary Health Education for Families Recipe for Life were the most comparable to @TheTable with respect to cancer focus and family focus, respectively. Healthy Recipes is the least user-friendly, with few search options and no didactic videos.

Conclusions

The @TheTable e-cookbook is unique in its offering of child- and family-focused content centered on the cancer and survivorship experience.
APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES TO STUDY THE SOCIAL PHENOMEN OF «EXTREMISM»
Authors:   V.A. Marenko S.L. Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Marenko V.A. , Milcharek T.P. ,   T.P. Milcharek S.L. Sobolev Institute of Mathematics
Published: March 2021

The article describes a research method used to study the objects of social and economic area. The method is presented through a joint scheme. The essence of the method is to implement the options for solving a range of information tasks to achieve the goals set. The article presents an example of the social phenomenon of "extremism". The research carried out within the framework of this method can be based on a joint scheme as well as its components implementing various options for achieving the goal. Results of the method approbation are exemplified through such social phenomenon as "extrem-ism".