bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los Trionfi en España: la poética petrarquista, la teoría de la traducción y la lengua vernácula en el siglo XVI
Authors: Cruz Anne J.
Published: April 2020

Les traductions des Trionfi de Pétrarque au castillan faites au XVIe siècle offrent un moyen d’évaluer l’évolution des attitudes envers la poétique pétrarquiste, la traduction et la langue vernaculaire. Malgré leur style chansonnière, les prémieres traductions des Trionfi par Antonio de Obregón en 1512 et du Trionfo d'amore par Alvar Gómez confirment la receptivité de la culture espagnòle au développement de la poétique espagnole de la Renais­sance et cependant démontrent les difficultés de la traduction ad sensum dans une forme poétique differente. Basée sur le double propos, apparemment contradictoire, du traducteur humaniste comme fidus et interpres faite en 1554 par Hernando de Hozes en schéma italianizant de la terza rima s’approprie avec succès les rimes de Pétrarque en trasmettant le sense de l'original tout en affirmant l'autonomie et primauté du vernaculaire castillan.
Propaganda política y poder real en la Castilla Trastámara: una perspectiva de análisis
Authors: Nieto Soria José Manuel
Published: April 2020

L’étude de la propagande politique est une ligne de recherche detachée dans le cadre des récentes perspectives ouvertes au sein de la nouvelle histoire politique. Dans la Castille trastamare, la propagande de la monarchie a un rôle important pour le développement des conflits politiques. Cet article montre les dernières apports bibliographiques publiées sur le sujet et les perspectives de recherche proposées pour les prochains années.
La territorialización del poder: los Adelantados mayores de Murcia (siglos XIII-XV)
Authors: Martínez Martínez María
Published: April 2020

Analyse de la dynamique du poste du gouverneur général (adelantado) dans le royaume de Murcie, depuis sa création en 1258 jusqu’aux débuts du XVIe siècle. L’étape chrétienne du Bas Moyen Åge murcien commençait par la genèse parallèle de l'implantation du gouverneur, pouvoir politique et territorial qui, par délégation du monarque, assuma les pleines compétences du gouvernement dans un territoire conditionné doublement par les luttes internobiliaires pour le contrôle de ce poste et son affrontement au gouvernement du conseil, et par les avatars militaires provenants de la voisine frontière musulmane. La succession de 17 gouverneurs en tète de l'institution dans le royaume de Murcie ratifient l'exercice du gouvernement territorial à caractère personaliste, autoritaire et aux tendances à l'adscription à une lignée, une authentique plate-forme du pouvoir dans l'équilibre difficile des rapports politiques établis entre les différentes forces nobiliaires et les monarques castillans.
Procuració versus governació. El reino de Valencia ante la reforma gubernativa de 1344
Authors: Cabezuelo Pliego José Vicente
Published: April 2020

La "Procuration" est une institution qui naquit presque en même temps que le royaume de Valence. Elle avait pour mission de gouverner les territoires de la Couronne d 'Aragon pendant les absences du roi et de pourvoir à la défense de la chose publique ainsi que des intérêts royaux, au moyen d'une intervention aussi bien pacificatrice que punitive de la part de ses titulaires. Ce modèle se divisa en automne 1344, pour transformer en l’espace de quelques années, l’appareil administratif territorial originel de la Couronne d' Aragon. L'élément de base d'un changement si radical fut la tentative d'améliorer la gouvernabilité des territoires de la Couronne en limitant l’extension des circonscriptions administratives, jusqu’à les convertir en des espaces dont le contrôle direct exercé par l'autorité garantissait une intervention effective des officiers chargés de sa gestion. L'échec retentissant de ce système a administration multiple n 'améliora en aucune manière l'efficacité de l'administration des territoires et même l'aggrava: deux années plus tard, on decida d'en revenir au vieux système de viceregence. Le present article met en relief l'origine, la nature et les résultats de la rétorme de 1344 dans la Couronne d 'Aragon, en insistant sur tous ces aspects dans le royaume de Valence.
El rei Pirro de Roma en el "Dotzè del Cristià” de Francesc Eiximenis. Crítica encoberta de la política sarda del rei Pere de Catalunya
Authors: Wittlin Curt
Published: April 2020

Les chapitres du Dotzè de Francesc Eiximenis analysés dans cette conférence décrivent les souffrances des soldats pendant un siège. La pire est de savoir que leur roi avait juré d’endurer tout jusqu’a la fin. Eiximenis fait énoncer a un philosophe grec immaginaire des solutions surprenantes à tous les maux et finit par réitérer trois principes: une retraite ou fuite n'est pas nécéssairement honteuse; le peuple a le droit de se soustraire à l'obéissance d'un roi devenu fou; un bon roi écoute bien ses conseillers. Nous suggérerons que ces chapitres sont un criticisme voilé du projet -toujours frustré- du roi Pierre III de se soumettre toute la Sardaigne. Eiximenis était probablement présent quand le roi annonça en 1354 son départ contre l’île. Il a certainement entendu parler des souffrances pendant le siège d’Alguer, vu que le roi les mencionne dans des douzaines de lettres -dans une il y ajouta son poème sur "l'air si bon" de la Sardaigne- et plus tard dans sa Chronique. La conquête était une idée fixe du roi, et sa persistance a certainement été louée par les orateurs lors des célébrations publiques du cinquantenaire de l'accès au trône en 1386. 1386 était l'année quand Eiximenis rédigeait le Dotzè. Il y cachait son criticisme du roi Pierre -en catalan Pere- en parlant d'un roi Pirro, mais signale au lecteur que ce nom n'est qu'un code en ajoutant I'absurdité que Pirro était roi de Rome.
Sobre la redacción y difusión de las "Ordinacions" de Pedro IV de Aragón y sus primeros códices
Authors: Palacios Martín Bonifacio
Published: April 2020

Pierre IV le Cérémonieux avait promulgué ses "Ordonnances" pour ordonner sa maison, sa cour, sa personne (un ordre qui devait le légitimer devant la société chrétienne médiévale), et pour assurer le bon fonctionnement administratif qui l’entourait. Ces objectifs expliquent la multiplication de copies qui se trouvent dans un premier moment de sa chancellerie, et plus tard dans d’autres instances. Le travail est centré dans l’identification, qui n’est pas encore réalisée, de plusieurs manuscrits conservés actuellement et avec lesquels on décrit la documentation royale des archives de la Couronne d'Aragon. Trouvé récemment a la Faculté de Droit de Valencia, "le manuscrit en papier" que Pierre IVe emportait dans ses déplacements, nous identifions "le vieux” de ces documents avec le manuscrit 2633 de la Bibliotheque de la Fondation Juan March de Palma de Mallorca; le "nouveau" probablement avec le Esp. 99 de la Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris et, finalement, le manuscrit R 14.425 de la Fondation Lázaro Galdeano de Madrid, avec la version castillane que le roi demanda de faire pour Jean I de Castille.
Pharmacological Applications of Saffron (Crocus sativus)
Authors: Singh Priyanka
Published: April 2020

Saffron spice also known as Crocus sativus (Saffron crocus) belongs to the family of iridaceae. Many studies have proved its potential role in disease eradication. It has been reported to possess the attributes of a sedative, an anti-asthma, an emmenagogue, an expectorant, and an adaptogenic agent. Crocin, crocetin, and safranal are the most important biochemically active ingredients that were found in different parts of the plants in varying proportions like the peels, fruits, seeds, and rind of Crocus sativus. The in vitro and in vivo studies showed that saffron has got its therapeutic implication in health management via anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumour activity. This review attempts to reveal the potential pharmacological properties of Crocus sativus. It also draws attention towards the use of herbs and spices in various ailments without facing the harmful side effects of chemically derived medicine.
Proven Health Benefits and Uses of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
Authors: Devi Suman , Gupta Ena , Sahu Mamta , Mishra Pragya
Published: April 2020

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L) is an annual herb that belongs to the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) and is commonly known as dhanya. For centuries, the coriander plants and their parts, primarily their leaves and ripe seeds, have been used in folk medicines in addition to culinary uses. This plant is herbaceous and aromatic and is cultivated in several countries, including India, Italy, the Netherlands, Europe, China, and Bangladesh. The coriander plant is rich in essential oils, vitamins (vitamins C and K), minerals (calcium, phosphorous, potassium, thiamine, and niacin), and other micronutrients. The plants are extensively used in the preparation of food items. C. sativum essential oil and extracts possess various potential pharmacological properties and has been found to possess carminative, diuretic, stomachic, aphrodisiac, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. The present study aims to discuss the botany, traditional uses, medicinal, and industrial applications of coriander extracts and essential oils.
Designing a Training Platform for Higher Education Engineering Instructors in the Digital Era
Authors: Sarsar Fırat , Çakır Özge Andiç
Published: April 2020

Higher education (HE) should focus on solving the following critical educational problems: (1) using technology and (2) fostering education by new creative learning techniques. In this chapter, the authors indirectly talk about using new technologies in education. There are many reasons that make this choice challenging such as believing in the benefits, having enough knowledge, accessing alternative technological sources, etc. To facilitate this, they introduce an online learning platform for engineering instructors in HE. Moreover, according to their experiences in the field of education and engineering, instructors in HE should improve and revise their skills and knowledge. It is important to enhance knowledge on content, technology, and pedagogy; therefore, this training platform itself focuses on improving those skills necessary for instructors in HE for maintaining an effective learning process. This chapter mainly focuses on creating a course for higher education engineering instructors and a TERR model that is proposed by the authors.
Cultural Implications of the Loss of Evil Forests in Nigeria
Authors: Paul Ojo Olarewaju
Published: April 2020

That there is a missing link between environmentalists' understandings of and the application of the supremacy of Christ and the church over creation cannot be ignored. This has warranted a negative view of this doctrine in the face of current global ecological problems. In traditional African communities there was ambiguous reception of the Christian church, with its operational base confined to certain dangerous and ecologically orphaned ‘evil forests'. It is from these evil forests that the church has positively produced the present educational and political elite who should in turn protect the environment. With this fact, the multi-dimensional approach to tackling the ecological crisis in Nigeria will be set on a positive course.
Cultural Rituals and Symbol as a Paradigm for Conflict Intervention and Peacebuilding in Africa
Authors: Essien Essien
Published: April 2020

The complex relationship between art, culture, conflict, and peacebuilding in contemporary time has opened a gap in knowledge too difficult to grasp. This is because culture is implicated in nearly every conflict in the world. This is corollary to the fact that the biggest challenge confronting societies today is not about how conflicts occur, but how conflicts can be completely resolved whenever they occur. Nonetheless, despite the prevalence of such conflicts and the fact that culture has been identified as a driver and a major transformer, scholarly investigation into the intentional use of arts and culture especially within the realms of rituals and symbol for conflict resolution and peace-building has regrettably been modest, disproportionate, and largely unexplored. This study, therefore, is an attempt to respond to this thesis that the deployment of rituals and symbol as an instrument to symbolically communicate commitment toward peace is a viable alternative for peacebuilding.
The Dialogic Dimension of Ubuntu for Global Peacebuilding
Authors: Udo Effiong Joseph
Published: April 2020

Ubuntu is an African moral force and worldview that has held its primal societies peacefully together. It is interesting to observe that contemporary awareness of this concept in scholarship particularly associates Ubuntu with potentials to inspire global dialogue and peace efforts aimed at achieving harmonious human coexistence. Surprisingly though, this irenic dimension of Ubuntu has not received any systematic discourse as the literature on the concept shows. Accordingly, employing the human relations approach, this chapter draws on the pervasive literature on the intersections of Ubuntu and dialogue and particularly explores the intrinsic dialogic dimensions of Ubuntu for global peacebuilding efforts. Its basic presupposition is that the emphasis placed on the value of human relationship and peaceful coexistence by both concepts not only requires a systematic discourse, but also shows that indigenous cultural resources are available and viable for local and global conflict resolution efforts.
Religious Approaches to Conflict Prevention
Authors: Udoh Emmanuel Williams
Published: April 2020

The aim of this work is opening up a new area of research on conflict prevention. A conflict is a form of disagreement that is capable of resulting in violence. There has been so much waste of lives, properties, and resources all over the world as a result of the uncontrollable conflict that has resulted in violence. It has become necessary to deal with the problem before it escalates into violence, hence the need to seek ways of preventing rather than ways of resolving conflict. The work adopted a qualitative research methodology with a literary approach using books, journal articles, and internet sources to gather data. Religions (Islam and Confucianism) have been at the forefront of preaching and teaching against conflict as ways of preventing same. More could be gained from exploring their approaches. This chapter recommends that scholars should explore this theme further and encourage religions not to relent in the fight.
Building Effective Alternative and Securing a Peaceful Future for Youths in Cultism
Authors: Mpigi Goka M.
Published: April 2020

Cultism has been identified as the most critical source of indiscipline and insecurity in many tertiary institutions of learning in contemporary time. The prevalence of this menace in the nations' campuses of higher institutions has assumed a disgraceful and disheartening dimension. The peace, serenity, and orderliness characteristic of academic environments the world over has been replaced by anarchy, fear, and terrorism imposed on our institutions by members of secret cults, who not only indulge in voodoo rituals at cemeteries, but also engaged one another in fierce combats, which makes campus life unsafe. This chapter suggests an alternative means of securing a peaceful future for the youths through religious and moral education as a means of averting the further spread of these vices. It seeks to build a culture of peace by allowing people to imbibe values and attitudes that reflect respect for life, human dignity, and right to life.
Performance Evaluation System as a Base for Designing the Intellectual Capital Report
Authors: Krstić Bojan , Rađenović Tamara
Published: April 2020

The 21st century is envisaged to be an era of the highest growth of the higher education (HE) system with multiple qualitative and developmental changes. Namely, public universities are faced with numerous challenges: reduction of public funding, public accountability, cost efficiency, digitization, marketization, social corporate responsibility, and competition. In order to cope with these changes, governments have been implementing new strategies with the aim to improve the economic efficiency of HE systems and achieve optimal utilization of public resources. Hence, there is a growing demand for the measurement, management and reporting of university performances. Based on the developed conceptual framework of integral performance measurement and evaluation system of universities in Serbia, this chapter provides a framework for intellectual capital (IC) reporting system according to the needs, characteristics, organization, and functions of the Serbian public universities.
Government Expenditures on Higher Education and Innovativeness
Authors: Slavković Marko , Simić Marijana
Published: April 2020

Current trends such as globalization and the growing importance of intangible assets and a knowledge-based economy makes a significant contribution to highlighting the importance of higher education funding. Classified as one of the key factors determining the level of innovation and competitiveness, both at the micro and macro levels, education and especially higher education have been funded in different ways in different countries. Therefore, the main objective of the research is to determine the impact of higher education expenditure on innovation in Serbia and Slovenia, on the basis of which a comparison of results can be made. Analyzing the data for the period 2007-2016 and based on the results of the regression analysis, we conclude that there is a negative significant impact of the share of the state allocation for higher education on the level of innovation in Serbia, while the results relating to the situation in Slovenia are contrary and indicate a positive significant impact.
Importance of New Class Teaching Methods in Curricula Development in Developing Countries
Authors: Todorovic Igor
Published: April 2020

Developments in economy and labor market have always been much quicker than developments in high education and this gap has always played a big challenge to employers, as well as high education institutions. While some countries and high education institutions try to follow ever-changing market needs and use digital technologies to lower this gap and innovate on curricula development, others, like Bosnia and Herzegovina, haven't done much to lower this gap between market needs and high education curricula. This paper analyses importance of modern teaching methods in curricula development in high education institution in the BiH. New teaching methods were introduced to class for one semester, while in other class traditions teaching methods were used. It was found that students in this class have much higher skills and competences, and what is most important they needed less time to understand and gain knowledge about subject. Moreover, students in class where new teaching methods were used had higher grades than students were traditional methods were used.
Factors Influencing Attitudes of Students Toward ERP Systems as Computer-Aided Learning Environments
Authors: Sternad Zabukovsek Simona , Štrukelj Tjaša , Tominc Polona , Bobek Samo
Published: April 2020

The labour market requires the knowledge and skills for usage of enterprise resource planning (ERP) solutions from graduates of business studies – future employees. Because ERP solutions are the most frequently used business software in organisations in all industries, more and more schools are incorporating them in their courses. Teaching real business case problem-solving in classrooms, using these solutions require innovative and adapted teaching methods. Because of this, schools need to know what the attitudes of students toward these solutions are. The main objective of the chapter is, therefore, the identification of important external factors that contribute to the acceptance of ERP solutions among economic and business studies students and that shape student intentions to use this knowledge in the future. The conceptual model of our research is based on the technology acceptance model (TAM), extended by identified important external factors that refer to students' characteristics, organisational-process characteristics, as well as system and technological characteristics.
Maximum Likelihood-Based Fuzzy Adaptive Kalman Filter Applied to State Estimation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Authors: Ranno Miriam M. Serrepe , de Souza Francisco das Chagas , Serra Ginalber L. O.
Published: April 2020

In this chapter, a novel fuzzy adaptive Kalman filter for state estimation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is proposed. The fuzzy set theory is used as a tool to perform on-line modification of the covariance matrices, adjusting the EKF and UKF parameters according to estimation reliability of the currents in the two windings of the rotor, position, and velocity for a two-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. Also, the methodology uses the maximum likelihood technique, where the difference between the theoretical covariance and the measured covariance is defined as an approximation considering the average of a moving estimation window. This difference is performed continually and used to dynamically update the covariance matrices, aiming to obtain an efficient estimation. The membership functions are optimized to adjust the covariance matrices so that the error variation is minimal. Simulation results illustrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed methodology.
Design of Fuzzy Logic Controller for Up to 25MW Hydropower Plant
Authors: Prasad Sumer Chand
Published: April 2020

In this chapter the emerging control techniques for 25 MW small hydropower (SHP) plants which utilize fuzzy logic are compared with conventional PID control for the speed control of hydraulic turbine in terms of rise time, smoothness of response, settling time, and overshoot in wicket gate opening with the response to change in turbine speed. In the case of the PID controller, gain adjustment (tuning) is required. The fuzzy controller algorithm is based on intuition, experience, and it incorporates a simple, rule-based IF X AND Y THEN Z approach. These controllers obtained don't require gain adjustment. The work done is a small step towards the automation of the hydropower plants.
Double Fed Induction Generator Control for Wind Power Generation
Authors: Prasad Sumer Chand
Published: April 2020

Doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines are largely developed due to their variable speed feature. The response of wind turbines to grid disturbance is an important issue, especially since the rated power of the wind turbine is increased; therefore, it is important to study the effect of grid disturbances on the wind turbine. In the chapter, the characteristics of the doubly-fed induction generator during wind speed fluctuation are studied. MATLAB/Simulink software has been used to observe the characteristics of wind turbines during wind speed fluctuation. Simulation results of the doubly-fed induction generator wind turbine system show improved system stability during wind speed variation. Power electronics converters used in the DFIG system are the most sensitive parts of the variable speed wind turbines with regards to system disturbances. To protect from excessive current, the DFIG system is equipped with an over-current and DC voltage overload protection system that trips the system under abnormal conditions.
Anisotropic Diffusion-Based Color Texture Analysis for Industrial Application
Authors: Bhusnurmath Rohini A. , Hiremath Prakash S.
Published: April 2020

This chapter proposes the framework for computer vision algorithm for industrial application. The proposed framework uses wavelet transform to obtain the multiresolution images. Anisotropic diffusion is employed to obtain the texture component. Various feature sets and their combinations are considered obtained from texture component. Linear discriminant analysis is employed to get the distinguished features. The k-NN classifier is used for classification. The proposed method is experimented on benchmark datasets for texture classification. Further, the method is extended to exploration of different color spaces for finding reference standard. The thrust area of industrial applications for machine intelligence in computer vision is considered. The industrial datasets, namely, MondialMarmi dataset for granite tiles and Parquet dataset for wood textures are experimented. It was observed that the combination of features performs better in YCbCr and HSV color spaces for MondialMarmi and Parquet datasets as compared to the other methods in literature.
A Generalized Overview of the Biomedical Image Processing From the Big Data Perspective
Authors: Roy Mousomi
Published: April 2020

Computer-aided biomedical data and image analysis is one of the inevitable parts for today's world. A huge dependency can be observed on the computer-aided diagnostic systems to detect and diagnose a disease accurately and within the stipulated amount of time. Big data analysis strategies involve several advanced methods to process big data, such as biomedical images, efficiently and fast. In this work biomedical image analysis techniques from the perception of the big data analytics are studied. Big data and machine learning-based biomedical image analysis is helpful to achieve high accuracy results by maintaining the time constraints. It is also helpful in telemedicine and remote diagnostics where the physical distance of the patient and the domain experts is not a problem. This work can also be helpful in future developments in this domain and also helpful in improving present techniques for biomedical data analysis.
Factors Affecting Development
Authors: Aral Neriman , Kadan Gül
Published: April 2020

Development can be defined as a concept expressing biological growth and maturation starting from prenatal period and continuing until death. Development, which involves the transformations human beings go through from the zygote period to death, proceeds quite rapidly in some periods, and somehow still in some other periods. Development, which is considered as a whole together with the physical, cognitive, linguistic, social, and emotional growth areas, can be affected by many factors. These factors are expressed as heredity, hormones, and environment. This chapter, which moves from the understanding that a healthy society comprises of healthy individuals and determination of the factors affecting development, is of crucial importance in this regard. It is aimed to address and examine the factors affecting development.
Bilingualism in Early Childhood
Authors: Uzun Halil , Baran Gülen
Published: April 2020

Bilingualism that arises from different reasons (such as wars, migrations, geographical proximity, and trade, tourism, marriages, living to better standards, work and education) affects children, so children have to grow up in environments where more than one language is spoken. There are various arguments about whether being a bilingual for a child is advantageous or disadvantageous. The studies carried out in this field have shown that the disadvantage can be converted into advantageous situations on condition that the process about the acquisition or learning of the second language has been managed well. From this point of view, the importance of concepts such as language development in early childhood period, views on language development, bilingualism, language acquisition and teaching in early years will be explained in detail in the bilingualism in the early childhood section.
Digital Image Splicing Detection Based on Markov Features in QDCT and QWT Domain
Authors: Wang Ruxin , Lu Wei , Li Jixian , Xiang Shijun , Zhao Xianfeng , Wang Jinwei
Published: April 2020

Image splicing detection is of fundamental importance in digital forensics and therefore has attracted increasing attention recently. In this article, a color image splicing detection approach is proposed based on Markov transition probability of quaternion component separation in quaternion discrete cosine transform (QDCT) domain and quaternion wavelet transform (QWT) domain. First, Markov features of the intra-block and inter-block between block QDCT coefficients are obtained from the real parts and three imaginary parts of QDCT coefficients, respectively. Then, additional Markov features are extracted from the luminance (Y) channel in the quaternion wavelet transform domain to characterize the dependency of position among quaternion wavelet sub-band coefficients. Finally, an ensemble classifier (EC) is exploited to classify the spliced and authentic color images. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed approach can outperform some state-of-the-art methods.
Fast and Effective Copy-Move Detection of Digital Audio Based on Auto Segment
Authors: Huang Xinchao , Liu Zihan , Lu Wei , Liu Hongmei , Xiang Shijun
Published: April 2020

Detecting digital audio forgeries is a significant research focus in the field of audio forensics. In this article, the authors focus on a special form of digital audio forgery—copy-move—and propose a fast and effective method to detect doctored audios. First, the article segments the input audio data into syllables by voice activity detection and syllable detection. Second, the authors select the points in the frequency domain as feature by applying discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to each audio segment. Furthermore, this article sorts every segment according to the features and gets a sorted list of audio segments. In the end, the article merely compares one segment with some adjacent segments in the sorted list so that the time complexity is decreased. After comparisons with other state of the art methods, the results show that the proposed method can identify the authentication of the input audio and locate the forged position fast and effectively.
A Cyber Crime Investigation Model Based on Case Characteristics
Authors: Liu Zhi Jun
Published: April 2020

In the early stages of the digital investigation of cyber crime, digital evidence is inadequate, decentralized and fragmented. Cyber crime investigation model based on case characteristics is presented in this paper, to help determine investigation orientation and reduce investigation area. Firstly, purifying and filtering the digital evidence collected, classification and acquirement of event sets are accomplished. Secondly, a method of imperfect induction is applied to analyze the event sets and construct one or more premises, and combining with the case characteristics extracted from the legal requirements, inference and its reliability are given. Finally, through a case analysis of network pyramid sales, the initial practice shows the model is feasible and has a consulting value with cyber crime investigation.
A Socio-Technical Perspective on Threat Intelligence Informed Digital Forensic Readiness
Authors: Serketzis Nikolaos , Katos Vasilios , Ilioudis Christos , Baltatzis Dimitrios , Pangalos George J
Published: April 2020

In this article, a DFR framework is proposed focusing on the prioritization, triaging and selection of Indicators of Compromise (IoC) to be used when investigating of security incidents. A core component of the framework is the contextualization of the IoCs to the underlying organization, which can be achieved with the use of clustering and classification algorithms and a local IoC database.
Forensic Technologies in the Courtroom
Authors: Sainato Vincenzo Antonio , Giner Jessica A
Published: April 2020

Forensic animation is the use of digital animation technologies to recreate or simulate an event for use as probative evidence in a court proceeding. Acceptance by courts of this technology varies by jurisdiction. Some courts disallow its use because of the technology's prejudicial impact when weighed against the probative value and perceived tendency to bias jurors; such courts typically do not consider the relevant legal psychology research. This article examines the body of scientific evidence with respect to value of the technology, with a focus on criminal proceedings. It concludes with a policy recommendation for courts to employ in light of these considerations.
Spatial-temporal analysis and visualization of scarlet fever in mainland China from 2004 to 2017
Authors: Li Wei-tong , Feng Rui-hua , Li Tong , Du Yan-bing , Zhou Nan , Hong Xiu-qin , Yi Shang-hui , Zha Wen-ting , Lv Yuan
Published: April 2020

This study retrospectively analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution and spatial clustering of scarlet fever in mainland China from 2004 to 2017. In recent years, the incidence of scarlet fever is increasing. Previous studies on the spatial distribution of scarlet fever in China are mainly focused at the provincial and municipal levels, and there is few systematic report on the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of scarlet fever on the national level. Based on the incidence information of scarlet fever in mainland China between 2004 and 2017 collected from the China Center for Disease Control, this paper systematically explored the Spatio-temporal distribution of scarlet fever by three methods, contains spatial autocorrelation analysis, Spatio-temporal scanning analysis, and trend surface analysis. The results demonstrate that the incidence of scarlet fever varies by seasons, which is in line with double-peak distribution.The first peak generally occurs from May to June and the second one from November to December, while February and August is the lowest period of incidence. Trend surface analysis indicates that the incidence of scarlet fever in northern China is higher than the south, slightly higher in western compared to the east, and lower in the central part. Additionally, the results show that the clustering regions of scarlet fever centrally distributed in the northeast, northwest, north china and some provinces in the east, such as Zhejiang, Shanghai, Shandong, and Jiangsu.
A brief introduction to propensity score for anesthesiologists
Authors: De Cassai Alessandro , Andreatta Giulio , Boscolo Annalisa , Munari Marina , Navalesi Paolo
Published: April 2020

Intergroup comparability is of paramount importance in clinical research since it is impossible to draw conclusions on a treatment if populations with different characteristics are compared. While an adequate randomization process in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ensures a balanced distribution of subjects between groups, the distribution in observational prospective and retrospective studies may be influenced by many confounders.
Propensity score (PS) is a statistical technique that was developed more than 30 years ago with the purpose of estimating the probability to be assigned to a group. Once evaluated, the PS could be used to adjust and balance the groups using different methods such as matching, stratification, covariate adjustment, and weighting. The validity of PS is strictly related to the confounders used in the model, and confounders that are either not identified or not available will produce biases in the results. RCTs will therefore continue to provide the highest quality of evidence, but PS allows fine adjustments on otherwise unbalanced groups, which will increase the strength and quality of observational studies.
Table of Contents Vol 17 (2019)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: April 2020

No abstract available.
The porphyrias
Authors: Dean Geoffrey
Published: April 2020

No abstract available.
Physiotherapy and the South African heart transplant
Authors: Sternweiler Marylen R.I.
Published: April 2020

No abstract available.
Heterogeneously coupled maps: hub dynamics and emergence across connectivity layers
Authors: Pereira Tiago , van Strien Sebastian , Tanzi Matteo
Published: April 2020

The aim of this paper is to rigorously study the dynamics of Heterogeneously Coupled Maps (HCM). Such systems are determined by a network with heterogeneous degrees. Some nodes, called hubs, are very well connected while most nodes interact with few others. The local dynamics on each node is chaotic, coupled with other nodes according to the network structure. Such high-dimensional systems are hard to understand in full, nevertheless we are able to describe the system over exponentially large time scales. In particular, we show that the dynamics of hub nodes can be very well approximated by a low-dimensional system. This allows us to establish the emergence of macroscopic behaviour such as coherence of dynamics among hubs of the same connectivity layer (i.e. with the same number of connections), and chaotic behaviour of the poorly connected nodes. The HCM we study provide a paradigm to explain why and how the dynamics of the network can change across layers.
Open sets of exponentially mixing Anosov flows
Authors: Butterley Oliver , War Khadim
Published: April 2020

We prove that an Anosov flow with

\mathcal C^1

stable bundle mixes exponentially whenever the stable and unstable bundles are not jointly integrable. This allows us to show that if a flow is sufficiently close to a volume-preserving Anosov flow and dim

\mathbb E_s = 1

, dim

\mathbb E_u \geq 2

then the flow mixes exponentially whenever the stable and unstable bundles are not jointly integrable. This implies the existence of non-empty open sets of exponentially mixing Anosov flows. As part of the proof of this result we show that

\mathcal C^{1+}

uniformly expanding suspension semiflows (in any dimension) mix exponentially when the return time is not cohomologous to a piecewise constant.
On Generalised Abundance, I
Authors: Lazić Vladimir , Peternell Thomas
Published: April 2020

The goal of this paper is to make a striking connection between several central conjectures in algebraic geometry: the Nonvanishing Conjecture, the Abundance Conjecture and the Semiampleness Conjecture for nef line bundles on

K

-trivial varieties.
Frobenius-Projective Structures on Curves in Positive Characteristic
Authors: Hoshi Yuichiro
Published: April 2020

In the present paper we study
Frobenius-projective structures
on projective smooth curves in positive characteristic. The notion of Frobenius-projective structures may be regarded as an analogue, in positive characteristic, of the notion of
complex projective structures
in the classical theory of Riemann surfaces. By means of the notion of Frobenius-projective structures we obtain a relationship between a certain rational function, i.e., a
pseudo-coordinate
, and a certain collection of data which may be regarded as an analogue, in positive characteristic, of the notion of
indigenous bundles
in the classical theory of Riemann surfaces, i.e., a
Frobenius-indigenous structure
. As an application of this relationship, we also prove the existence of certain
Frobenius-destabilized
locally free coherent sheaves of rank two.
Better out than in: why barriers to exit matter for competition law and policy
Authors: Johnson Matthew
Published: April 2020

The issue of barriers to exit has been neglected by competition authorities and by competition policy research. This is somewhat surprising as it is a topic which goes to the heart of why competition policy exists; if barriers to exit prevent or delay inefficient firms from leaving the market, then the normal competitive process of driving up market efficiency is hampered. This in turn reduces the benefits to other, more efficient firms, and to customers in terms of lower prices, better quality, etc. This article explores the reasons why, despite the importance of barriers to exit in the economic framework that underpins competition policy, very few competition authority decisions discuss the issue. It considers the approach to barriers to exit in different types of competition investigation, such as merger assessment, Article 101 and 102 TFEU cases, and State aid. The article also considers the scope for cross-disciplinary research and collaboration, such as in the design of insolvency or bankruptcy laws.
Contemporary conditions and prospects for scientific activity of state archives – an attempt at diagnosis
Authors: Pietrzyk Paweł
Published: April 2020

The scientific activity of the state archives has been visibly regressing for several years and it has been regarded critically by the archival community. The article outlines the current state of scientific activity of the state archives. The most important problem areas requiring in-depth analysis and a discussion within the archival community have been proposed. The author presented the priority research needs of contemporary archivistics, in which scientific research is essential for the further development of archives. These are: contemporary electronic office and methods of shaping the documents accrual (management of large archival data sets, metadata standards, creation of information retrieval models, selection and evaluation of electronic and mixed documentation, issues of permanent storage of documents created in electronic and hybrid documentation systems); institutional development of state archives (IT systems for fonds management), smart buildings systems for archival buildings, modern methods of preventive maintenance and conservation; archival methodology (boundaries and research tools of contemporary archival methodology, taking into account the diversity of forms and types of documentation). Moreover, the need to undertake interdisciplinary research in the field of digital humanities was indicated, as well as to develop a modern dictionary of terminology of archival science and works developing the principles of editing 20th and 21st century archival sources, taking into account their new digital and Internet forms. Proposals of preferred organizational solutions in the area of scientific activity of archives were discussed, taking into account the new organization of science in Poland resulting from the 2018 reform: establishment of an archival school and a system of academic grants in cooperation with the Association of Polish Archivists.
Klątwa Bogdana Krolla. Pracownicy naukowi i działalność naukowa w polskich archiwach państwowych w świetle literatury archiwalnej z XX i XXI w.
Authors: Magier Dariusz
Published: April 2020

Instytucje archiwalne w Polsce od początku postrzegane były jako placówki naukowe, archiwiści zaś jako pracownicy nauki, którzy z konieczności wykonują również funkcje urzędowe. Do naukowych zadań archiwisty należało porządkowanie akt, sporządzanie inwentarzy, repertoriów, indeksów, udostępnianie akt, przygotowywanie materiałów archiwalnych do druku. Powstałe w latach 50. XX w. określenie archiwalny pracownik działalności podstawowej oznaczało naukowego pracownika archiwalnego. Artykuł, na podstawie literatury archiwalnej, opisuje proces odchodzenia od działalności naukowej w archiwach państwowych w Polsce w II połowie XX i na początku XXI w. oraz towarzyszące temu zjawisko zmniejszania się liczby pracowników naukowych i zastępowania ich personelem, o który z zupełnie innych powodów w końcu lat 50. XX w. upominał się ówczesny pracownik Archiwum Akt Nowych w Warszawie, a późniejszy jego dyrektor, Bogdan Kroll, czyli „pomocniczymi pracownikami archiwalnymi”. Fakt ten, prowokacyjnie określony klątwą realizującą się obecnie, staje się pretekstem do prześledzenia transmutacji archiwistów archiwów państwowych z pracowników naukowych w urzędników.
Polska jest naprawdę! Kraków jest polski! Źródła do badań kwestii odzyskania niepodległości przez Kraków przechowywane w Archiwum Narodowym w Krakowie
Authors: Berska Barbara
Published: April 2020

Przypadająca w 2018 r. setna rocznica odzyskania przez Polskę niepodległości i przywrócenia jej po 123 latach na mapy polityczne Europy jest chętnie podejmowanym tematem badawczym wśród historyków, regionalistów, uczniów. Istotnym zatem wydaje się wskazanie źródeł do badań tych zagadnień w jednym z największych polskich archiwów, w Archiwum Narodowym w Krakowie.

W Archiwum Narodowym w Krakowie zachowało się wiele dokumentów, na podstawie których można badać, a nawet odtworzyć wiele wydarzeń związanych z odzyskaniem niepodległości przez Kraków. Wydarzenie to jest bardzo dobrze udokumentowane m.in. dzięki zainteresowaniom oraz działaniom podjętym przez ówczesnego dyrektora Archiwum Aktów Dawnych Miasta Krakowa dr. Adama Chmiela. Niezmiernie ciekawy materiał badawczy stanowią różnego rodzaju meldunki, poświadczenia przejęcia przez polską komendę obiektów o znaczeniu strategicznym, jak dworce, koszary, szpitale, straż pożarna, a także raporty poszczególnych formacji składane do Komendy miasta. Innym ciekawym źródłem do badań są pamiętniki, będące żywym komentarzem do wydarzeń – często bieżącą relacją. Bardzo cenny materiał źródłowy do badań dają nam spuścizny. Komplementarne względem dokumentów aktowych są też fotografie przechowywane w Zbiorze fotograficznym czy też plakaty, afisze, odezwy, obwieszczenia, zawiadomienia, ogłoszenia zgromadzone w Zbiorze afiszy i plakatów.
Aby pamięć nie zginęła? Polskie Archiwum Wojenne (1915–1921) i jego zbiory
Authors: Roman Wanda Krystyna
Published: April 2020

Polskie Archiwum Wojenne (PAW) jest dzisiaj nieco zapomnianym przykładem na niezwykle popularne współcześnie zjawisko oddolnych inicjatyw obywatelskich, których efektem jest powoływanie archiwów społecznych. Archiwum powstało w wyniku społecznej inicjatywy grupy polskich historyków, archiwistów i bibliotekarzy zapoczątkowanej w styczniu 1915 r. w Wiedniu, a formalnie zakończonej w 1921 r. w Warszawie. Komitet i Zarząd PAW kierowały pracami związanymi z dokumentowaniem szeroko rozumianego uczestnictwa Polaków w I wojnie światowej oraz jej wpływu na gospodarkę, kulturę, obyczaje, stan umysłów i nastroje. Akcja realizowana była poprzez organizowane w terenie komitety, delegatury i ekspozytury PAW (na ziemiach polskich i za granicą) oraz wspomagana intensywną propagandą w postaci tysięcy odezw i ulotek. Efektem kilkuletniej społecznej pracy było zgromadzenie kilkuset rękopisów, kilku tysięcy tomów czasopism, prawie 100 tys. wycinków prasowych, kilkudziesięciu tysięcy odezw i afiszów, kilku tysięcy broszur oraz map, pocztówek i klisz, które przyszłym pokoleniom miały służyć jako świadectwo wojennego wysiłku Polaków. W okresie międzywojennym zbiory przechowywano i opracowywano w Centralnej Bibliotece Wojskowej (CBW). Wraz z gmachem i zbiorami CBW zbiory PAW spłonęły wskutek niemieckich bombardowań Warszawy w końcu września 1939 r. Pieczołowicie pielęgnowana pamięć o jednej wojnie uległa zagładzie podczas II wojny światowej.
„Legiony”. Rozdział wspomnień Kazimierza Konarskiego usunięty przez peerelowską cenzurę
Authors: Łosowski Janusz
Published: April 2020

Kazimierz Konarski (1886–1972) to najwybitniejszy polski archiwista okresu międzywojennego i pierwszych lat powojennych, legitymujący się bogatym dorobkiem archiwalnym oraz naukowym. Pozostawił po sobie wspomnienia opublikowane w roku 1965, stanowiące cenne źródło dla badaczy dziejów polskiej inteligencji. Jednak pominięto w nich jeden rozdział poświęcony służbie przyszłego archiwisty w 5. pułku piechoty Legionów Polskich w 1917 r. Na jego publikację nie zgodziła się komunistyczna cenzura, o czym świadczy adnotacja dokonana przez Konarskiego na maszynopisie rozdziału, który ofiarował swojemu koledze Piotrowi Bańkowskiemu. Usunięty fragment wspomnień został odnaleziony przez autora tego tekstu w spuściźnie archiwisty przechowywanej w warszawskim archiwum Polskiej Akademii Nauk. Wspomnienia dotyczące legionowego epizodu biografii późniejszego archiwisty stanowią interesujące źródło historyczne. Zawierają wiele wartościowych szczegółów służby koszarowej Konarskiego w pułku. Ta jednostka legionowa została skierowana dla reorganizacji i uzupełnienia do Ostrowi Mazowieckiej, niedaleko od Warszawy, po stratach poniesionych w lipcu 1916 r. w słynnej bitwie pod Kostiuchnówką. Na początku swojej służby Konarski miał problem z akceptacją przez swoich kolegów, był bowiem od nich starszy o kilkanaście lat, górował nad nimi wykształceniem oraz doświadczeniem życiowym. Jednak nie wywyższał się i starał się jak najlepiej pełnić służbę szeregowego, co zjednało mu szacunek legionistów. Autor usuniętego rozdziału opisał w nim w sposób barwny sylwetki dowódców, późniejszych wyższych oficerów i polityków, m.in. Felicjana Sławoja-Składkowskiego, Michała Karaszewicza-Tokarzewskiego, Stefana Grota-Roweckiego, Tytusa Filipowicza i innych. W tekście znalazło się też sporo wartościowych informacji o życiu codziennym żołnierzy tego pułku.