bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Neurological Deficits with Incidence and the Various Arterial Territories Involved in Patients Undergoing Congenital Cardiac Surgery: A Single-center Analysis
Authors: Rahul Kumar , Garg Pankaj , Aggarwal Vishal , Kumar Sarvesh , Tewarson Vivek , Kaushik Karan , Kumar Satish
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

The incidence and pattern of neurological complications after congenital cardiac surgery have been changing over the years due to improvement in surgical technique and perioperative management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and pattern of neurological injury in our institute.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed all pediatric patients who underwent noncontrast computed tomography of the brain for suspected postoperative neurological injury occurring during the 1st week after pediatric cardiac surgery between April 2016 and February 2020. We identified neurological injury as patients having ischemic infarct and intracranial hemorrhage.

Results:

A total of 2971 pediatric cardiac surgeries were performed at our institute. Sixty-seven patients (2.25%) developed neurological injury. Fifty-five patients (82%) developed ischemic infarct while 12 patients (18%) had intracranial hemorrhagic. Pattern of ischemic infarct included global hypoxic injury in 30 patients (54.5%), posterior cerebral artery territory in 9 patients (16.3%), middle cerebral artery territory in 8 patients (14.5%), multiterritory involvement in 5 patients (9.0%), and anterior cerebral artery territory in 3 patients (5.4%). In patients with intracranial hemorrhage, 5 patients (7.4%) developed subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 4 patients (5.9%) developed subdural hemorrhage, and 3 patients (4.4%) developed intraparenchymal hemorrhage.

Conclusions:

Neurological complication accounts for significant morbidity and mortality after congenital cardiac surgery. In our study, ischemic infarct accounted for 82% cases. In ischemic infarct, global ischemia was the most common type and carried high risk of mortality. In hemorrhage group, SAH was the most common finding. Nevertheless, the aim of this study was to characterize the current incidence of acute clinically evident neurologic complications in children undergoing congenital cardiac surgery in a tertiary hospital, although acute neurologic morbidity appears to be appreciably lower than in the past at our institution.
Use MOOC to learn image denoising techniques
Authors: Zhao Ting
Published: November 2023

This article focuses on using MOOCs to learn image denoising techniques. It begins with an introduction to the concept of MOOCs - these innovative online learning platforms that offer a wide range of courses across disciplines, providing convenient and affordable learning opportunities for a global audience. It then explains the characteristics of MOOC's wide coverage, high flexibility, and different from traditional education models. It then introduces the advantages of MOOCs: accessibility and inclusiveness (open to anyone with an Internet connection), cost-effectiveness (a cost-effective alternative, many courses available for free), flexibility and self-paced learning (the ability to learn at your own pace), a diverse curriculum and global expertise. Then the concept of image denoising is introduced - image denoising is a basic process of digital image processing, and the common denoising methods are described: filter method and the applicable range of various filters, the advantages and disadvantages of wavelet change, the advantages of deep learning method and the principle of non-local mean denoising technology. It then describes how MOOCs can help learn image denoising: integrating course content, getting expert guidance, hands-on exercises and projects, and community and peer communication. In addition, it introduces the challenges encountered by MOOCs: high dropout rate, quality and credibility of MOOCs, lack of interaction and humanization in traditional classrooms, accessibility. The relationship between E-learning and MOOC is also introduced – E-learning and MOOC play complementary roles in modern education. MOOC provide a structured, flexible, cost-effective environment and a transformative educational experience for learning about biological image denoising.
Explainable Neural Network analysis on Movie Success Prediction
Authors: Bhavesh Kumar S , Pande Sagar Dhanraj
Published: November 2023

These days movies are one of the most important part of entertainment industry and back in the days you could see everyday people standing outside theatres, or watching movies in OTT platforms. But due to busy schedules not many people are watching every movie. They go over the internet and search for top rated movies and go to theatres. And creating a successful movie is no easy job. Thus, this study helps movie producers to consider what are the important factors that influence a movie to be successful.  this study applied neural network model to the IMDb dataset and then due to its complex nature in order to achieve the local explainability and global explainability for the enhanced analysis, study have used SHAP (Shapley additive explanations) to analysis.
Nierówne traktowanie z powodu religii lub przekonań
Authors: Świątkowski Andrzej Marian
Published: November 2023

Unequal treatment because of religion or belief

The article presents the legal opinions of two Advocates General (AG) of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and two judgments of this court (CJEU) issued in cases C-157/15 and C-188/2015 in matters relating to religion. The main research method used in the article is the dogmatic method. The author analyzes the positions of two lawyers employed as AG CJEU in matters concerning the imposition of bans by entrepreneurs on persons employed, displaying religious symbols in places and time of work. The article is divided into five parts. In the first part, the author looks at legal concepts such as discrimination and religious freedom. In the second part, the reader is introduced to the essence of the dispute between entrepreneurs and employed believers of religion. The third part deals with the cases regulated by the provisions of Directive 2000/78/EC concerning lawful exceptions to the prohibition of discrimination. The fourth part is devoted to the policy of religious neutrality recognized by the European Union as a remedy between employers and employees. In the last, fifth part, the operative parts of the judgments of the Court of Justice are listed. CJEU rulings prohibit employees from wearing and displaying overly visible religious symbols. Failure to comply with this prohibition cannot be considered as direct discrimination on the basis of religion. The interest of the entrepreneur is not a sufficient justification for the parties to the re-employment relationship to reach an agreement, because the wearing of religious symbols by employees in the workplace cannot be considered as a “significant professional requirement.”
Kontrola trzeźwości pracowników wykonujących pracę zdalną – uwagi na tle nowelizacji Kodeksu pracy
Authors: Jaskulska Jagoda
Published: November 2023

Sobriety control of employees performing remote work. Observations against the background of the amendments to the Labour Code The Labour Code has recently been supplemented with new legal regulations on controlling employee sobriety and remote working. In the hitherto binding legal state, these issues were regulated only in a fragmentary manner, leaving many important issues outside the sphere of regulation. However, the manner in which these issues have been regulated by the legislator raises many doubts which may significantly affect the application of the new provisions in practice. The article is devoted to one of the many problems signalled in this context –sobriety control of employees working remotely. It analyses, among other things, the premises for the admissibility of checking the sobriety of employees, showing their relationship to the obligation of sobriety and the obligation to protect the life and health of employees by ensuring safe and healthy working conditions. These considerations were then related to remote working in order to assess, on this basis, the usefulness of the new provisions on controlling employee sobriety in relation to employees working remotely.
What psychology should study
Authors: Bruner Jerome
Published: November 2023

One cannot understand either culture or mind without taking account of the manner in whichthey interact in situ. The student of mind who ignores the cultural setting that mind requires in order to operate effectively fails to do justice to the contextualized nature of mental activity. And to describe culture without regard to the limits imposed by our mental capacities is equally disabling. This brief paper seeks to bring mind and culture into a workable relation with each other.
Sojourner Children’s Developmental Understanding of Nationality
Authors: Quintana Stephen
Published: November 2023

A developmental model of children's understanding of nationality (Nationality Perspective-Taking Ability or NPTA) was proposed and evaluated in this study.The NPTA model expands extant definitions and provides a theoretical foundation for the developmental progression of national identity.Children (Mean age = 9.33 years) from Latin American and Asian countries who were sojourners in the U. S. for an average of 20.70 months were administered the NPTA assessment and scored according to the NPTA model.Results indicated children's understanding of nationality was predicted by children's chronological age and by the amount of their cross-national exposure.Additionally, the relative importance of children's identification with their national, racial and linguistic status was explored.A developmental trend revealed that children's identification with nationality increases across age while identification with racial status declines across age.
Out of the Ghetto: Psychological Bases of Dialogic Learning
Authors: Garcia Carrion Rocio
Published: November 2023

The conception of learning in the information society has been affected by the dialogic turn of educational psychology. The effective teachinglearning processes respond more and more to the communicative conception of learning in which dialogue and interaction are key elements. In this framework, the dialogic learning emerges as an interdisciplinary conception that collectscontributions from psychology of education, particularly from sociocultural theory, and from those contributions that have located learning as the result of social interaction. This article presents the psychological basis of dialogic learning on the basis of which it is developed this eminently communicative and transformative conception. Specifically, it focuses in five of the seven principles of the dialogic learning of which it is illustrated with the voices of teachers, families and students, by means of the collected data in an elementary school of an underprivileged area in the south of Europe.
Addressing Adolescent Depression in Schools: Evaluation of an In-service Training for School Staff in the United States
Authors: Valdez Carmen , Budge Stephanie
Published: November 2023

This study evaluated an adolescent depression in-service training for school staff in the United States.A total of 252 school staff (e.g., teachers, principals, counselors) completed assessments prior to and following the in-service and a subsample of these staff participated in focus groups following the in-service and three months later.Questionnaire and focus group data suggested that the in-service increased school staff’s perceived awareness and knowledge of adolescent depression and knowledge of how to connect with depressed students, guide their learning process, and connect with students’ parents.School staff viewed the in-service as a valuable tool for their school and provided suggestions for the refinement of the in-service.Finally, perceived changes in teacher behavior were reported three months later. Implications and future directions were presented.
Academic Career Development Stress and Mental Health of Higher Secondary Students- an Indian Perspective
Authors: Ray Anjali , Halder Santoshi , Goswami Nibedita
Published: November 2023

The authors explored the mental health of students with their academic career-related stressors collecting data from 400 students of different schools of Eastern part of India by using; namely GIS, theGeneral Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and theAcademic Career Development Stress Scale. The data was subjected to t tests and ANOVA. Results indicated (i) academic career development stress along with its ten components reveal dissimilarities with respect to gender and streams of study, (ii) significant relationship were indicated between the mental health status of students and various aspects of academic stress and demographic factors, (iii) qualitative analyses highlighted the complex of association among academic stress, mental health and other variables.
The Paradox of the Missing Biological Function in Understanding: Implications for Moral and General Education
Authors: Iran-Nejad Asghar
Published: November 2023

This essay argues that the endemic moral crisis and the crisis of confidence in education are related; and both are a function, in part, of a paradoxical divide between two types of human understanding: psychological and biofunctional. In the psychological realm, people cause understanding using the psychological theories they know. Biofunctionally, understanding is caught by the understander, by analogy to catching a cold, caused by an unknown biological function, without the understander (a) having direct access to the cause, (b) knowing what the cause is, and (c) realizing how the cause works. This paradox introduces a divide between people’s psychological and biofunctional types of understanding. Unwarily, people tend to overlook this divide thereby compromising their full understanding potential. In this essay, I elaborate on the nature of this paradox, the awesome divide that it causes, and its implications for moral and general education.
Encyclopedic Memory: Long-Term Memory Capacity for Knowledge Vocabulary in Middle School
Authors: Lieury Alain , Lorant Sonia
Published: November 2023

This article is a synthesis of unpublished and published experiments showing that elementary memory scores (words and pictures immediate recall; delayed recall, recognition), which are very sensitive to aging and in pharmacological protocols, have little or no correlation with school achievement. The alternative assumption developed is that school achievement strongly depends on the long-term memory of scholastic knowledge (history, literature, sciences, maths, etc), called encyclopedic memory.A longitudinal study from the grade 6 to the grade 9 of a cohort of eight classes of a French college, was undertaken in order to observe the implication of the encyclopedic vocabulary (i.e. Julius Caesar, Manhattan, ShangaÃ¯, Uranus, vector) in school performance. An inventory in the school textbooks gives approximately 6000 encyclopedic words in grade 6, to 24000 in grade 9. The encyclopedic storage capacity was estimated at the end of each year by a multiple-choice questionnaire with random samples of words (800 items; 8 subject subjects). The results show an estimation of 2500 words acquired at the end of grade 6, to 17000 at the end of the grade 9. The correlations are from .61 to .72 between the score of encyclopedic memory and the average school grades.
Reductions in Negative Automatic Thoughts in Students Attending Mindfulness Tutorials Predicts Increased Life Satisfaction
Authors: Ritvo Paul , Vora Khushboo , Irvine Jane , Mongrain Myriam , Azargive Saam , Azam Muhammad Abid , Pirbaglou Meysam , Guglietti Crissa , Wayne Noah , Perez Daniel , Cribbie Rob
Published: November 2023

University education confronts students with stressful developmental challenges that can lead to mental health problems. Innovative programs must address an increasing prevalence of these problems but are impeded by the high costs involved. In this study, thirty-nine undergraduate students attended weekly one hour mindfulness meditation tutorials during a single (14 week) semester. Tutorials involved 40 minutes of guided meditation, followed by open-ended discussions on mindfulness and related scientific research. Multiple regression analysis tested associations between self-reported changes in mindfulness, in negative automatic thoughts and in satisfaction with life.Reductions in automatic thoughts accounted for a significant proportion of variance in life satisfaction and decreases in automatic thoughts were associated with an increased life satisfaction. This finding suggests guided meditation tutorials merit consideration in promoting student mental health on university campuses.
Effects of Peer Tutoring on Reading Self-Concept
Authors: Flores Marta , Duran David
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the development of the Reading Self-Concept and of the mechanisms underlying it, within a framework of a reading programme based on peer tutoring. The multiple methodological design adopted allowed for a quantitative approach which showed statistically significant changes in the Reading Self-Concept of those students who played the role of tutor in fixed peer tutoring. The qualitative approach of the analysis suggests that by performing the tutor’s role, in an induced work atmosphere, by reading aloud and actively listening, by evaluating their effort, and engaging in meta-cognitive reflective processes, students become aware of their own capabilities and of their possibilities of improvement; thus promoting the development of the tutor’s Reading Self-Concept.
Layered Identities and Being Gabby: A Five-Year Longitudinal Case Study
Authors: Compton-Lilly Catherine
Published: November 2023

Compton-Lilly examines the identity construction of one student, Gabby, over a five year period to explore layers of gender and race that affect identity construction. In particular, she asks how does being female and Latino contribute to the ways Gabby and her family make sense of Gabby. Compton-Lilly draws on a rich data set (e.g., observations, interviews, artwork, photographs, writing) to explore the various ways Gabby enacts her identities in the contexts of home and school. Through this analysis, the roots of intersectionality become visible. In short, we begin to understand how identities are enacted within contested spaces where the figured worlds people bring - entailing the ways of being, acting, and interacting that are available to self and others - align and clash both presenting and restricting possibilities.
Applicant Reactions to a Situational Judgment Test used for Selection into Initial Teacher Training
Authors: Klassen Robert , Durksen Tracy , Rowett Emma , Patterson Fiona
Published: November 2023

We considered applicants’ perceptions of the use of a pilot situational judgment test (SJT) designed for selection into primary and secondary teacher training programs in the UK. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 304 applicants (73% female) to two postgraduate (PGCE) training programs in the 2013-2014 application cycle. Participants were asked to provide feedback on the content of the SJTs and on the appropriateness of the tests for selection into teacher training. Results from the rating scales showed that most of the applicants (76.7%) found the content and format of the pilot selection tool favourable. Results from open-ended questions suggested that applicants were aware of issues of procedural justice and fairness in selection for teacher training, with a recommendation that separate selection tests should be created for primary and secondary applicants.
A visual narrative inquiry into children’s sense of agency in preschool and first grade
Authors: Sairanen Heidi , Kumpulainen Kristiina
Published: November 2023

This socioculturally framed case study focuses on children’s sense of agency in educational settings. The study has two objectives: (a) to portray the modalities of children’s sense of agency in preschool and first grade settings, and (b) to identify the sociocultural resources that mediate children’s sense of agency in these two activity contexts. We seek to achieve these objectives through a visual narrative inquiry that entails the children’s (N:5) photo-narration of their sense of agency in preschool and primary school settings. In addition, the children were observed during their photo-documentation, and they were later interviewed about their photos. The results indicate the sociocultural embeddedness of the children’s sense of agency. They also show continuities and discontinuities in the children’s sense of agency across the preschool and first grade settings. The children’s sense of agency was mediated by people and material artefacts, as well as by the rules, objectives, time-structures, and social interactions of the activity contexts. These findings are pivotal in understanding how to support the educational engagement of children and their positive transition to school. The study also shows how visual narrative inquiry offers a potential methodology for listening to children, especially in terms of their sense of agency.
Character Strengths and Psychological Wellbeing among Students of Teacher Education
Authors: Gustems Josep , Calderon Caterina
Published: November 2023

The relation between character strengths and psychological well-being can have an important effect on students’ academic performance. We examined relationships between character strengths and psychological well-being as assessed by the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths and Brief Symptom Inventory. A sample of 98 teacher education students participated. The participants showed high scores in character strength scales. The five character strengths with the highest scores were kindness, fairness, teamwork, love, and honesty. The participants scored higher in character strengths that focused on other people than in the strengths that focused on the self, and higher on the so-called “strengths of the heart” than on “strengths of the head”. In our study, the character strengths most closely associated with well-being were love, humour, fairness, honesty, curiosity, and self-regulation. In conclusion, the character strengths are positively related to university students’ psychological well-being.
Justice and Human Development
Authors: Prilleltensky Isaac
Published: November 2023

Psychologists have studied certain elements of wellness, and various aspects of fairness, but they have seldom studied the interaction between the two. As a result, it is not surprising that there is a paucity of educational, community, clinical and social interventions to promote wellness and fairness in concert. In this paper I present a framework of justice consisting of substantive and contextual types. Distributive and procedural justice constitute the two main types of justice. Interpersonal, organizational, cultural and communal justice are contextual types which embed within them the two substantive aspects of justice. I explore how these various kinds of justice impact human development across six facets of well-being: interpersonal, communal, occupational, physical, psychological and economic. I claim that for children and adults to achieve optimal human development, these facets of well-being must be supported by various types of justice.
The Ethnic Context and Attitudes Toward 9th Grade Math
Authors: Graham Sandra , Morales-Chicas Jessica
Published: November 2023

The present study examined the relations between ethnic context and attitudes about 9th grade math in youth from different ethnic groups who had recently transitioned to high school. The large sample comprised African American, Latino, White, and Asian youth (n = 2265, 55% girls, Mage = 14.6 yrs.) A new questionnaire was developed assessing four math attitudes (perceived competence, feelings of belonging, perceive importance and anxiety in math) and two ethnic context variables (perceived same-ethnic peers in one’s math class and perceptions of the school ethnic climate). Participants listed the math course they were taking in 9th grade and then completed the questionnaire based on that class. Perceiving more same-ethnic classmates in math was related to more positive attitudes about perceived competence and feelings of belonging in math. Significant interactions between the two ethnic context variables were documented suggesting that a positive ethnic climate buffered some of the negative effects of few same-ethnic peers on perceived competence and belonging. Implications of the findings for understanding the social-motivational underpinnings of high school course-taking among multiethnic youth were discussed.
Masculinity research and global change
Authors: Connell Raewyn
Published: November 2023

The development of research on masculinity since the 1980s hasproduced rich evidence of the diversity of masculinities. This is now anestablished research field and has had many practical applications. Ithas not yet fully absorbed the wealth of ideas and debates aboutmasculinities and social change that come from the colonized and postcolonial world. Power has always been an important issue in understanding masculinities, and we now need to think about powerstructures on a world scale. Research on neoliberal globalization, onHIV/AIDS, and on elite masculinities, are significant sites for this work.The concept of hegemonic masculinity is still useful, but it should notbe equated with violence. We need to pay attention to incoherences in gender relations, and the politics of gendered institutions, in thinkingabout inequality and change.
Servidumbre y sacrificio: Masculinidad y trabajo doméstico
Authors: Chopra Radhika
Published: November 2023

¿Qué significa ser un sirviente masculino en la India moderna? La rica literatura antropológica sobre el "hogar", la "sexualidad" y el "trabajo" ha sido muy negligente a la hora de abordar la cuestión de la masculinidad y el trabajo doméstico. Utilizando la biografía como método para enmarcar la vida vivida como sirviente masculino, sugiero que la "biografía de un sirviente" sólo se completa en una vida posterior, con la que el sirviente se convierte en un hombre.sólo se completa en una vida posterior con la que se vinculaimaginativa y sustancialmente. Además, la historiografía de la servidumbre sitúa a la trabajadora como protagonista principal, de modo que la plantilla sobre la que se construye la comprensión del trabajo doméstico es femenina.
Shifting Masculinities in Anglo American Countries
Authors: Anderson Eric
Published: November 2023

This article provides an overview of the changing nature ofmasculinities in several English speaking cultures. The evidence andtheory come from numerous investigations into masculinities amongboth gay and straight male youths in the United States, UnitedKingdom, Canada and Australia. Collectively, I show that culturalhomophobia is rapidly decreasing among young men in these cultures, and that this is particularly true of teamsport athletes. I suggest that thedominant way of theorizing masculinities over the previous quartercentury, hegemonic masculinity theory, is incapable of explaining thesechanges. Thus, I introduce a new theory, inclusive masculinity theory, and the new heuristic concept of homohysteria, to make sense of thechanging nature of young men’s masculinities.
Communicative acts which promote new masculinities. Overcoming hegemonic masculinity in the workplace and the school
Authors: Portell David , Pulido Cristina
Published: November 2023

Scientific literature has emphasized how the reproduction of hegemonicmasculinity has led to several social problems, such as gender violence,criminality or bullying (Connell 1987, 2005, 2006; Kimmel 2000,Messerschimdt, 1993, Bourdieu 1998). There are several findings about theinfluence of this model in cases of sexual harassment suffered by women in theworkplace(Mackinnon, 1979; Thomas & Kitzinger1997; Wise & Stanley1987) as well as hegemonic masculinity and homophobia at the school (Mac anGhaill 2007). In this article we will present evidence on both issues but also onovercoming process derived from the research project entitled Impact ofcommunicative acts on the construction of new masculinities funded by theSpanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. The research illustrates theinfluence of communicative acts on the promotion of new masculinities, farremoved from the hegemonic one, which are based on values like equality andsolidarity. We will present some data about how specific communicative actscan favour the recognition and visibility of new masculinities in the workplaceand the School, specifically in a Small and MediumsizedEnterprise, an AdultEducation centre and a Vocational School.
Studying Men’s Violences: Some Key Methodological Principles in Developing a European Research Framework
Authors: Hearn Jeff , Novikova Irina , Pringle Keith , Å mídová Iva , Jyrkinen Marjut , Iovanni LeeAnn , Arranz Fátima , Kolga Voldemar , Balkmar Dag , Wojtaszek Marek M.
Published: November 2023

This article sets out some key methodological principles in developing a European research framework for studying men’s violences. This involves attention to gendered analysis and gendered power relations; gender collaboration; interconnections between social arenas; ethical and political sensitivities; examining and problematising roots and explanations of men’s violences; building on and reviewing the contribution of Critical Studies on Men; use ofmultiple methods, methodologies and epistemological frames; and, addressing intersections of multiple dimensions of power and disadvantage. Together, these principles and perspectives assist in developing a comparative and transnational orientation, by attending to cultural variations, convergences and divergences in time and space, and intersecting forms of power relations in the study ofmen’s violences in a European context.
Seeking Emancipation from Gender Regulation: Reflections on Home space for a Black Woman Academic/ Single Mother
Authors: William-White Lisa
Published: November 2023

Using the work of Judith Butler on gender regulation, Black Feminist Thought (BFT), and autobiographic storytelling, this piece illustrates how essentialist notions of gender, and discourses related to gender create conflict in shaping identity construction for a Black woman academic and single mother (BWA/SM) in the United States. This piece reveals complex gendered and racialized tropes related to notions of motherhood and womanhood, particularly within the author’s own family. Included here is how the author attempts to transcend these complexities in her quest for self-definition and self-actualization, unbridled by gender norms. Yet, race, gender and parental status are significant intersecting categories in identity construction, and inherent in the constructions are hegemonic discourses with which the author continues to grapple. Consequently, the struggle to transcend these forces is further complicated by the limited representation of Black women in the US academy, and by the types of academic work where they find themselves typically situated.
Analysis of the Effects of the Implementation of Cooperative Learning in Physical Education
Authors: Velázquez Callado Carlos
Published: November 2023

Our research was oriented to test the effects of a structured program of cooperative learning in Physical Education classes with students in grades 5 and 6 of primary school, with and without previous experience with this methodology. In a second phase we sought to determine how students perceived the received classes for a time later.We analysed data collected during implementation, through cooperative learning, of two teaching units to a total of six groups of students; in addition, a number of interviews, five individual and one collective, were carried out to a total of 10 former students who had left school between one and five years earlier.The results show the positive effects of cooperative learning on students' motor performance, and some social achievements such as a greater autonomy of the students in the learning process, an increasing in prosocial behaviours and the inclusion of pupils with special educational needs. On the other hand, as time went on, the students rated the received classes as cooperative, participatory, funny and useful, emphasizing peer support as a key factor that enabled them to learn in Physical Education.
Inventing (in) early geometry, or How creativity inheres in the doing of mathematics
Authors: Maheux Jean-Francois , Roth Wolf-Michael
Published: November 2023

Inventing is fundamental to mathematical activity, should one be a professional mathematician or a primary school student. Research on mathematical creativity generally is organized along three axes according to its focus on the final product, the overall process, or the individual person. Through these conceptualizations, however, research rarely considers how mathematical actions themselves are fundamentally creative. In an action-oriented perspective, every single act is recognized as creative, whereas discovery and invention emerge as the result of the incoming of the unexpected qua unexpectedâ€”which can take place at any moment in the most mundane, everyday action. In this article, we conceptualize mathematical actions as inherently creative of the activity within which professional mathematicians and primary school students experience (some) mathematics for a first time. To make our case, we develop the microanalysis of an exemplary episode of third-grade geometry (age 8-9 years) in which two children and an adult work with a tangram set. Our analysis characterizes inventing (in) geometry as a serendipitous, open-ended experience of working with traces in the receiving and the offering of something novel. In concluding, we propose considering that inventing in early geometry is also inventing geometry itself: an inventing-in-the-act which also result in being invented as a (professional or school) geometer
Modeling Class Size Effects Across the Achievement Distribution
Authors: Konstantopoulos Spyros , Li Wei
Published: November 2023

Previous findings from Project STAR have highlighted the benefits of being in small classes in early grades on average. Here, we examined the differential “value-added” effects of small classes across the achievement distribution. We find that once previous grade achievement and small class membership are controlled for, small class effects are by and large insignificant. Although high-achievers benefited more from small classes in third grade reading, overall, the differential small class effects were not systematic. Findings from longitudinal analyses failed to show that being in small classes for two or more years is as beneficial as being in small classes for only one year. Although the cumulative small class effects are positive, significant, and meaningful in magnitude, they do not indicate which grade (or grades) are the most important.
The Post-9/11 Militarization of Higher Education and the Popular Culture of Depravity: Threats to the Future of American Democracy
Authors: Giroux Henry
Published: November 2023

This article argues that the values of militarization are no longer restricted to foreign policy ventures; the ideals of war in a post-9/11 America have become normalized, serving as a powerful educational force that shapes everyday lives, memories, and daily experiences.The military has become a way of life, producing modes of education, goods, jobs, communication, and institutions that transcend traditional understandings of the role, territory, and place of the military in American society. Military values, social relations, and practices now bleed into every aspect of American life.What is distinctive about the militarization of the social order is that war becomes a source of pride rather than alarm, a powerful cultural and pedagogical force in which organized violence is elevated to a place of national honor, recycled endlessly through a screen culture that bathes in blood, death, and war porn. A primitive tribalism now grips American society as its democratic institutions and public spheres become inseparable from the military. The article analyzes how militarization has furthered in the U.S. both an aesthetics of depravity and a culture of cruelty, influencing spheres as seemingly remote from each other as higher education and the broader cultural apparatuses of popular and media culture. The article concludes by pointing to a number of struggles both inside and outside of higher education that need to address the threat of the new militarism.
The situation in Moldovan RASS agriculture after the end of the process of forced collectivization of farm individual farms
Authors: BURLACU Valentin
Published: November 2023

The forced collectivization and the establishment of the kolkhoz system, achieved with unfair prices and colossal sacrifices, by undermining the productive forces of the village households, constituted effective levers for the Stalinist regime to squeeze not only the surplus of agricultural products from the villages but also a part of the products necessary for peasants' consumption. In the first years after the end of collectivization, it became possible to increase the volume of cereal collections 2 to 3 times, even under the conditions of the general decrease in the agricultural production, ensuring the needs of the cities and the export operations. From the Stalinist authorities' point of view, the forced collectivization had to secure the success of the accelerated industrialization and militarization of the USSR economy.
Crimes against the state institutions and security i Romanian Medieval Legislation
Authors: CHICU Silvia
Published: November 2023

In the present study, we set out to analyze the crimes against the state from the perspective of medieval law. The Romanian legal sources from the 17th century classify the crimes against the state as the most serious. The gravity of these violations is determined by the danger they posed to the independence of the state. The study shows that the betrayal of the Lord - the owner of the ruling institution - was associated with the crime against the state, because the clauses of the feudal contract were violated. Any actions against the life, activity and honor of the Lord were qualified as serious offenses and punishable by death. From the register of crimes against the state were also analyzed: coin counterfeiting, forgery of documents and false oath.
Metode de predare a lecturii de pretraducere
Authors: SMOCHIN Olga , BUDNIC Ana
Published: November 2023

Reading for translation has been little explored in the translation process. The article analyzes various types of reading relevant to translators of different texts to provide a flexible transition from one type of reading to another. The translators use in their work different types of reading such as: survey, study and search reading, skimming, analytical, synthetic and philological reading, and editing. The use of certain types of reading is conditioned by the tasks at various stages of their work.
The didactic exploration of philological terminology
Authors: COSOVAN Olga
Published: November 2023

Philological terminology represents a significant segment of a modern student‘s active vocabulary. The issue of terminology assimilation emerges in connection with quantitative limits, i.e. how many terms ought the student know at a certain schooling stage, a list of such terms (which implies a decision about which terms are unavoidable in a learning context), as well as how such terms ought to be reflected in classroom strategies, which in turn are anticipated by the school textbook offer. The concept of didactic definition – a minimal and reduced one, compared with lexicographic or encyclopaedical definition – is explored in modern textbooks and yet seems rather insufficient, lacking a relevant example. Philological terminology ought to be explored through appropriate tasks, aiming for subsequent comprehension and application.
Humanistic values in the chronicle of the Moldovan country
Authors: SMOLNIŢCHI Dumitriţa
Published: November 2023

The concept of cultural movement designates an artistic reality of a huge complexity that is studied in several school disciplines: history, Romanian and universal literature, art education and music education. The study of ancient Romanian literature implies its inclusion in the humanist cultural movement. The contribution of Moldovan chroniclers to the development of our culture in the spirit of humanism consists in their contribution to capitalizing on the information on the ethnogenesis of Romanians, the unity of the people and the continuity of their existence on this territory, the Latin origin of the Romanian language; in the chronicles there is the first evidence of the evolution of the Romanian language and of the efforts to transform the language from a means of communication into a means of transmitting culture; at the same time there is the linearization of the historical event/fact. All this, Moldovan chroniclers did by focusing on humanistic values: love of nation and desire to educate the people.
Intercultural education – training space for value education in students of allolingual students
Authors: DERMENJI Svetlana , USATÎI Larisa
Published: November 2023

In this article, the authors demonstrate that Intercultural Education, in the university context, is an effective way to infuse important changes in this field, a relevant didactic approach to cultural differences, which aims primarily at educating values. Thus, as content units, proposed for the taught subjects, we discuss models of intercultural education from different countries; we examine the forms of manifestation of cultural diversity in the Republic of Moldova, conducting case studies as individual work; we elucidate what would be and are the perspectives of intercultural education in our country and we finally answer the question: what is the role of the modern teacher in today's multicultural society? In the article we also present a series of interactive methods and techniques that would increase the efficiency of the teaching-learning-evaluation process of these valuable contents.
Forms of realization of the dialogue of cultures in a work of art
Authors: ЦВИК Ирина
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the ways of implementing intercultural dialogue in fiction. The author analyzes the types of intertextual connections and the reasons for their use by the writer in the work. He comes to the conclusion that, firstly, the line of terms is not synonymous, and, secondly, intercultural dialogue is a means of expanding the meaning of the work, updating new meanings and interpretations.
Literary text as a language teaching unit in the process of teaching russian as a foreign language
Authors: КОЛЕСНИК Любовь
Published: November 2023

This article is devoted to the consideration of the role and significance of the literary text as a linguodidactic unit in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The author of the article analyzes various principles, methodological concepts of using a literary text in the classroom in a foreign language audience. The article gives a scientific description of the role of a literary text for the formation of the competence of trainees. Attention is drawn to the principles of text selection, the stages of working with it. Much attention is paid to the methodological recommendations for working with a literary text in Russian as a foreign language.
The symbolic of birds in Russian and world folklore
Authors: ДАМЬЯН Надежда
Published: November 2023

The article emphasizes that exists different symbolic of birds in the folklore of many peoples in the world. Every image of bird reflects the whole system of believes and symbols. There were controversial opinions in the scientific community concerning these symbolic systems. However, the approach that consider symbolic as a complicated system has dominated recently. Basing on many sources, the author proves that the symbolic of birds in these sources have some regularities. The author suggests seven types of birds in the symbolic of birds. Sometimes these symbolic coincide among different folklore systems.
Methods of realization the individual work at program: Romanian language and literature and English language
Authors: NEAGA Liliana
Published: November 2023

The higher education system is an important link in ensuring the labor market with qualified specialists, and the State Pedagogical University "Ion Creangă" is the main provider in the field of education. The training of quality teachers involves not only their involvement in the classes, but also their individual activity, their effort and skills to study independently, their motivation and desire to turn knowledge into skills. In this article we set out to research the contents, assessment methods and products proposed by the curriculum in the subjects for the specialty Romanian language and literature and English language and to analyze the place and role of individual study in the training of future teachers.
Análisis de la implementación de mantenimiento centrado en la confiabilidad en ambulancias: un estudio en el benemérito cuerpo de bomberos de guayaquil
Authors: Sánchez Edgar Vicente Bastidas , Mero Cindy Melissa Loor , Vinicio Noroña Merchán Marco
Published: November 2023

En el presente estudio se realizó el análisis del mantenimiento en las ambulancias del Benemérito Cuerpo de Bomberos de Guayaquil, las mismas que cumplen la función de atención y movilización prehospitalaria ante emergencias, y es de vital importancia que estas unidades tengan una confiabilidad alta.  Es por eso por lo que se utilizó esta metodología con el fin de identificar las unidades más críticas, que tienen mayor número de fallos y además generan costos elevados de mantenimiento. Se utilizó el diagrama de Pareto y un análisis de costos acumulados vs fallos acumulados, donde se dividió en tres grupos de unidades. La sección de unidades que tiene que ver con casi el 80 % de los costos de mantenimientos y el 60 % de los fallos totales, fueron las que sirvieron para la continuación del análisis. A través de análisis de disponibilidad y criticidad se identificaron las unidades que están representando fallos catalogados como críticos y las subsiguientes unidades que se deben realizar un cambio en su gestión de mantenimiento con el fin de lograr a futuro una mejor disponibilidad y con menores costos.
British Jews and Imperial Service
Authors: Chasin Stephanie M.
Published: November 2023

In the wake of the devastating WWI, three Jews headed the most valuable territory in the British Empire in addition to a strategically important new addition. Edwin Montagu held the position of Secretary of State for India, Rufus Isaacs (Lord Reading) was the newly appointed Viceroy of India, and Herbert Samuel arrived in Jerusalem as the first High Commissioner of Palestine. Their appointments came at a time of great upheaval as Indian nationalists clamoured for independence, pan-Islamists fought to keep the defeated Ottoman Empire intact and the sultan in Constantinople, and Zionists sought to build on the wartime promise by the British government to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine in face of opposition by Palestinians and pan-Islamists. The task of tackling these issues was made all the more difficult by accusations that Jews were not loyal to the British Empire and its goals, a view promoted by the appearance of the antisemitic Protocols of the Elders of Zion in English translation. This book follows this web of divisive imperial politics, and nationalist and pan-Islamist aspirations in India and Palestine, through the lives and work of these three men whose efforts were coloured by the post-war fear of a declining empire that was being corroded from within.