bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN TINGKAT KELELAHAN AKIBAT KERJA ANTARA SHIFT PAGI, SHIFT SIANG DAN SHIFT MALAM PADA OPERATOR DI BAGIAN RING SPINNING MENGGUNAKAN METODE OBSERVASIONAL ANALITIK DENGAN PENDEKATAN CROSS SECTIONAL DI PT. EXCELLENCE QUALITIES YARN
Authors: Devi Anita Oktaviana , Wijaya Dwika Anggara
Published: November 2023

Shift kerja merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap timbulnya kelelahan dan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat kelelahan akibat kerja antara shift pagi, shift siang dan shift malam pada operator ring spinning menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional di PT. Excellence Qualities Yarn. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 63 operator di bagian ring spinning. Teknik Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengukur tingkat kelelahan kerja operator melalui denyut jantung yang diukur dengan oximeter dan data kuesioner IRFC. Analisis yang digunakan adalah uji statistik anova non parametrik (Kruskal wallis) dan uji spearman rank atau spearman rho.Hasil uji statistik anova non parametrik (Kruskal wallis) diperoleh nilai p=0,014 yang berarti Ho ditolak jadi ada perbedaan kelelahan kerja yang signifikan antara shift pagi, siang dan malam. Hasil perhitungan perbedaan tingkat kelelahan kerja melalui denyut jantung yaitu Shift pagi kategori sedang dengan rata-rata denyut jantung 12,46 PRbpm, shift siang kategori tinggi dengan rata-rata denyut jantung 20,53 PRbpm, dan shift malam kategori sangat tinggi dengan rata-rata denyut jantung 25,77 PRbpm, dan hasil perhitungan yang diperoleh dari kuesioner IRFC yaitu Shift pagi dengan kelelahan sedang total nilai 29, shift siang dengan kelelahan tinggi total nilai 47, dan shift malam dengan kelelahan sangat tinggi total nilai 76. maka hal ini menunjukan kecederungan bahwa shift malam menimbulkan tingkat kelelahan sangat tinggi.
Simulasi Pengaruh Air Laut Terhadap Propagasi Pancaran Sonar Berbasis Mathlab
Authors: Sulistiyawati Nunik Endah
Published: November 2023

Wilayah Indonesia terdiri dari pulau dan lautan upaya pengamanan wilayah Indonesia TNI Angkatan Laut sebagai tulang punggung maritim dengan melaksanakan operasi keamanan laut merupakan implementasi dari kemampuan pertahanan keamanan, dengan menggunakan peralatan elektronik sonar merupakan alat pendeteksi sasaran bawah air. Dalam perambatannya gelombang tersebut akan sangat dipengaruhi oleh temperatur, kadar garam, dan tekanan yang bergantung pada kedalaman air laut. Dengan mengetahui perbedaan waktu antara gelombang pancar dan gelombang terima maka akan diketahui jarak dan baringan dari benda tersebut sehingga mampu mendeteksi suatu benda dikedalaman laut lepas yang mungkin tidak bisa dideteksi secara kasat mata. Simulasi perambatan gelombang suara yang dipancarkan oleh sonar dalam air laut (media cair) yang dipengaruhi oleh partikel – partikel yang terkandung dalam air, plankton, kadar garam, temperatur, dan tekanan (viscosity) dapat diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan program mathlab diharapkan dapat menganalisa hasil rambatannya maka diharapkan akan diketahui Shadow Zone yang unik dari tiap kedalaman air laut.Kata Kunci: sonar, viscosity, temperature, salinity
CLUSTERING SAMPAH YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH MASYARAKAT KOTA SURABAYA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-MEANS
Authors: Ardika Putri Tasya Febrinda
Published: November 2023

Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Surabaya mengatakan bahwa sampah yang masuk di TPA Surabaya sekitar 1600 ton per hari . Peningkatan yang tidak stabil membuat tumpukan sampah yang ada di surabaya semakin mengalami tonase yang berubah-ubah, hal ini dikarenakan semakin tinggi pertumbuhan manusia akan meningkat juga sampah yang ada di surabaya. Kehidupan masyarakat yang terus berlanjut akan membuat banyak jenis sampah yang baru. Menurut UU No 18 Tahun 2018 tentang pengelolaan sampah bahwa pertambahan penduduk dan perubahan pola konsumsi masyarakat menimbulkan bertambahnya volume, jenis, dan karakteritik sampah yang semakin beragam. Pengolahan sampah yang ada di kota surabaya ini dapat dilakukan dengan mengelompokan atau clustering sampah berdasarkan jenis sampah nya pada masing – masing bank sampah untuk mempermudah masyarakat mengolah sampah. Clustering K-Means merupakan metode dengan mengelompokan variabel penelitian ke dalam clustering atau polynomial yang ada pada clustering, dengan adanya proses clustering menggunakan metode k-means maka nantinya akan diketahui bagian wilayah Surabaya mana yang mengalami penanganan khusus untuk mengoptimalkan sampah.Kata kunci: Clustering , K-Means, Surabaya, Sampah, Teknologi
Damage on forest roads as a result of improper construction
Authors: Sokolović Dževada , Dupovac Zerina , Karišik Amina , Knežević Jelena , Halilović Velid , Musić Jusuf
Published: November 2023

Šumske ceste kao trajni građevinski objekti zahtijevaju ispunjene minimalno propisane kvalitete i standarda tijekom izgradnje. Prema dostupnim podacima prosječni troškovi gradnje šumskih cesta u F BiH za 2019. godinu iznosili su 22.282,19 € po dužnom kilometru (Anon 2019a). Ovako niski troškovi gradnje nameću opravdano pitanje kvalitete novoizgrađenih šumskih cesta i potrebno mu je posvetiti odgovarajuću pozornost. Na području F BiH, zbog niza razloga, sve se više grade prilazne ili tzv. tehnološke šumske ceste, koje se zbog činjenice da se radi o vrsti šumskih cesta bez izvedene kolničke konstrukcije mogu koristiti samo po suhom vremenu te zbog toga ne ulaze u obračun klasične otvorenosti šuma. Osim toga, zbog nedostatka odvodnih jaraka i prevelikog uzdužnog nagiba nivelete na ovim cestama mogu nastati nesagledive ekološke posljedice. S obzirom da postojeća otvorenost šuma u F BiH nije na zadovoljavajućoj razini, cilj svih šumarskih poduzeća je njeno povećanje. Kako se gradnjom šumskih cesta bez izvedene kolničke konstrukcije ne utječe na povećanje otvorenosti, količina cesta koju je potrebno izgraditi za dostizanje ciljane klasične otvorenosti ostaje nepromijenjena. Kao rješenje za riješavanje navedene situacije, u praksi se u posljednje vrijeme sve više grade šumske ceste s elementima koji čine kombinaciju sporednih i prilaznih šumskih cesta. U ovom radu je izvršena analiza tehničkih i konstruktivnih elemenata za novoizgrađenu šumsku cestu „Braćinac - Doljanske stijene“ stacionaže 1,72 km. Na osnovi dobivenih rezultata, došlo se do saznanja o elementima koje na ovoj cesti treba unaprijediti kako bi se ista očuvala, odnosno kako bi se omogućilo njeno dugogodišnje korištenje. S tim u vezi evidentirana su odstupanja uzdužnog nagiba nivelete u odnosu na propisane veličine na 41% od ukupne dužine, na 26% od ukupne dužine nagibi škarpi usjeka nisu prilagođeni kategoriji materijala u kojoj su izgrađene, duž cijele šumske ceste nisu izgrađeni odvodni kanali. Navedena odstupanja daju za rezultat propadanje kolničke konstrukcije, s obzirom da su na 24% evidentirana manja, a na 9% veća oštećenja. Imajući u vidu da su mjerenja na terenu urađena samo godinu dana nakon izgradnje šumske ceste, nameće se zaključak da niska kvaliteta gradnje i nepridržavanje tehničkih propisia rezultira ubrzanim propadanje ceste.
Digitalne kompetence slovenskih študentov
Authors: Pičulin Pia , Žnidaršič Anja , Marolt Marjeta
Published: November 2023

Digitalne kompetence študentov so bistvene za njihov uspeh v visokošolskem izobraževanju in pozneje na trgu dela. Vendar je bilo doslej le malo raziskav, ki bi proučevale digitalne kompetence študentov. Nadalje ugotavljamo, da so si rezultati raziskav, ki so proučevale pomen socialno-demografskih dejavnikov pri razvoju digitalnih kompetenc študentov, nasprotujoči. Poleg tega je malo znanega o tem, kako je pandemija Covid-19 vplivala na digitalne kompetence študentov. Zato smo v okviru te raziskave oblikovali vprašalnik v skladu z okvirjem digitalnih kompetenc ter ga razdelili med slovenske študente. Rezultati samoocene študentov kažejo, da so najbolj kompetentni pri sporazumevanju in sodelovanju z uporabo informacijske in komunikacijske tehnologije ter brskanju, iskanju, ocenjevanju, shranjevanju in obdelavi informacij, nekoliko manj pa pri zaščiti svojih naprav in osebnih podatkov, najmanj kompetentni pa so pri razvoju, umeščanju in poustvarjanju digitalne vsebine ter pri reševanju tehničnih problemov z uporabo informacijske in komunikacijske tehnologije. Nadalje ugotavljamo, da se njihove digitalne kompetence bistveno ne razlikujejo glede na spol, starost in stopnjo študija, ter da se njihove digitalne kompetence, zaradi situacije povezana s Covid-19, niso bistveno izboljšale.
Robotic Rar for Rectal Cancer with Partial Pelvic Peritonectomy for Carcinosis from Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Monsellato Igor , Gatto T. , Costantini G. , Chahrour A. , Monsellato Igor
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Robotic technology can be used to address several common complications of solid organ malignancies. This case report deals with a patient with rectal cancer undergone robotic rectal resection for bleeding adenocarcinoma, with a new finding of primary pancreatic cancer at post-neoadjuvant re-evaluation.
Materials and Methods: A 70-year-old female patient with adenocarcinoma of the rectum was referred to neoadjuvant treatment. Re-evaluation showed a new finding of a pancreatic tumor. CHT was halted for rectal tumor bleeding after 1 week. Palliative rectal surgery was recommended.
Results: Patient was discharged on 6th postoperative day; CHT was resumed. No pelvic relapse was diagnosed, the pancreatic lesion reduced volumetrically and a RT was performed. After 1 year from surgery the patient referred to our ER for intestinal obstruction. An explorative laparoscopy revealed a diffuse carcinosis from pancreas.
Conclusion: Robotic surgery is safe also in palliative surgery. Minimally-invasive approach minimizes adverse effects of surgical intervention.
Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Kratom-Containing Formulations of Ya-Gae-Bid-Na-Ron
Authors: Doloh Suhaila , Wungsintaweekul Boonsong , Wungsintaweekul Juraithip
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Ya-Gae-Bid-Na-Ron (YGBNR).Material and Methods: YGBNR formulations were prepared using kratom collected from different provinces in Thailand. Mitragynine content was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while total phenolic content (TPC), total tannin content (TTC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) were determined using colorimetric methods. Antioxidant power was estimated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of YGBNR were determined using a broth dilution technique and plating of the bacterial solution, respectively.Results: Mitragynine content, TPC, TTC, and TFC varied among different sources of kratom. DPPH assay indicated that YGBNR had an average IC50 of 0.44±0.04 mg/mL, and the FRAP assay ranged from 61.48±0.55 to 102.98±0.94 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE), per gram of dry extract. YGBNR extracts did not exhibit any antibacterial activity. However, the volatile oil fraction showed MIC against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a concentration of 3 mg/mL.Conclusion: Phytochemical analysis revealed the abundance of phenolic compounds in YGBNR. YGBNR exhibits promising antioxidant potential, but does not exert any antibacterial activity.
The Influence of Principals’ Mentorship Practices on Students’ Retention in Public-Day Secondary Schools in Nakuru County-Kenya
Authors: Nyaga Elsie Njambi , Nyambisi Emily , Oigara Peterson
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to look into potential relationships or associations between various Principal mentoring practices in the mentorship scheme and student retention at a day secondary school in Nakuru County, Kenya. Low secondary school retention has long been an issue in much of the existing literature, and therefore complex, multifaceted, and poorly understood. The purpose of this research was to find out how principals' student mentorship practices affected student retention in Nakuru County public-day secondary schools. The study found a positive but insignificant relationship between principal mentoring practices and student retention rates in day public secondary schools (p > 05). Based on this finding, principals should strengthen mentorship practices in order to increase student retention and foster a positive learning environment for academic performance.
CHALLANGES, ADAPTATION AND ADVANTAGES IN CHANGINGN TEACHING METHODOLOGY IN MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES DURING QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS
Authors: Lazaruk O.V. , Davydenko I.S. , Lazaruk T.Yu.
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study is to substantiate the significance of fundamental innovations in enhancing the quality of education for future medical professionals, using the teaching experience of the 'Pathomorphology' discipline as an example. Materials and Methods. This publication delves into the core cognitive, psychological, and methodological challenges that have gained prominence during the quarantine period. It addresses the issues faced by both educators and students in the realm of distance learning for the 'Pathomorphology' discipline at a medical university. Results. The consistent application of innovative teaching methodologies not only enhances students' professional competence but also places distinct demands on the teaching staff. The ‘evolution” of students, their inclination towards information and communication technologies, and swift adaptation to evolving learning conditions amid a series of educational reforms necessitate particular attention. Consequently, our study demonstrates the achievements of blended learning and its impact on shaping a contemporary form of pedagogical interaction between educators and students. This approach is pivotal in ensuring the efficacy of training highly skilled professionals. A distance course is a carefully planned educational endeavour by instructors aimed at processing and absorbing structured information. The structured model of distance learning encompasses diverse personal interactions: student-to-student, student-to-teacher, student-to-content, and student-to-interface, which complement and support each other. This system works cohesively to comprehensively enhance the quality of educational activities for each student, especially in the context of distance learning. The publication also offers pedagogical methods to address these challenges. Conclusions. The strategies identified for harnessing innovative technologies and teaching methodologies in the educational process, particularly in an online format, will enhance the quality of student education. These approaches foster independent knowledge acquisition, nurture self-directed and self-developing individuals, and stimulate creative and logical thinking.
SEX-SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN COMORBIDITY WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: Nesen A.O. , Kirienko A.N. , Semenovykh P.S. , Shkapo V.L. , Kirienko D.A. , Tovazhnianska V.D.
Published: November 2023

The purose of this investigation is to study individual clinical and diagnostic characteristics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with comorbid essential hypertension (DM + HD) with consideration for sex difference. Participants and methods. We examined 41 patients with comorbidity of type 2 diabetes and hypertension (21 men and 20 women) and 30 patients without diabetes, but having a history of hypertension (14 men and 16 women) and 20 healthy individuals. Results. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP), (DBP) is significantly higher in patients with comorbidity of DM+HD compared with HD (in men, only DBP), while the heart rate did not change. The protein content in urine was below normal values that indicates an early stage of the pathological condition. Women showed a high level of creatinine compared to normal value in both groups, although this indicator is lower compared to men and is statistically significant in DM + HD. In both groups, there were high numbers of left atrium size, end diastolic size (EDS) compared to normal value, while sex differences were noted: EDS was higher in men. The increased size of left atrium directly correlated with the end-diastolic size (higher in men), the thickness of the interventricular septum (TIVS), and thickness of posterior wall (TPW) (with DM + HD, higher in men). In men with DM + HD, the E / A was lower and the thickness of the intima-media complex (IMC) of the right common carotid artery (CCA) was higher than in the HD group. There were no statistically significant differences in the state of right and left common carotid arteries. The ejection fraction was lower compared to normal values. Conclusion. In patients with diabetes mellitus + hypertension and hypertension, the semi-dimorphic differences of TIVS, TPW, E / A, IMC of right CCA can be used to predict the development of pathological process. A decrease in level of protein in urine indicates absence of proteinuria, glomerular filtration disorders, which is due to early stage of formation of DM + HD pathological state in this category of patients. Absence of changes in urea is associated with a sufficient excretory function of kidneys.
VERSATILE APPLICATION OF CARBOXYTHERAPY IN MEDICINE
Authors: Shtroblia V.V. , Filip S.S. , Lutsenko R.V.
Published: November 2023

Carboxytherapy (based on the administration of carbon dioxide (CO2)) is gaining more and more recognition nowadays both among doctors and patients, and its effects have been studied for many years. The direct administration of CO2 induces vasodilation, leading to improved blood circulation and metabolic processes as well as the body inherent regenerative mechanisms. The impact of carboxytherapy on various medical conditions includes the generation of new capillaries, alleviation of hypoxia, and the release of oxygen and growth factors into tissues. CO2 therapy stimulates fibroblasts to synthesize collagen and promote the formation of new blood vessels, a phenomenon known as neovascularization. Diverse methods of CO2 administration have shown significant improvements in various pathological conditions by enhancing oxygenation, regulating tissue perfusion, and facilitating the reduction of fat cells. This literature review compiles studies that explore the potential benefits of carboxytherapy in the context of various medical conditions. Methods. The search for scientific information was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: The literature provides a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the action of CO2 and the diverse medical applications in which it is employed. The analysis covers a wide spectrum of conditions and states where carboxytherapy demonstrates its utility. Conclusions. Carboxytherapy serves as a valuable tool for increasing blood flow, alleviating hypoxia, mitigating inflammation, and reducing oxidative stress. These attributes make carboxytherapy a promising addition to the treatment of various pathological processes. In the realm of medical therapy, carboxytherapy presents an effective and safe alternative to traditional pharmacotherapy, or it can complement existing treatment approaches, contributing to comprehensive patient care.
GLIOCYTES OF THE BRAIN: CYTOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PECULIARITIES (LECTURE)
Authors: Demydchuk A.S. , Shamalo S.M. , Goncharuk O.O. , Kuraieva A.V. , Makarenko O.M.
Published: November 2023

The lecture is devoted to modern data on the types and functions of glial cells (gliocytes), which belong to the auxiliary cells of nervous tissue. A detailed description of the following types of gliocytes is given: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and ependymal cells. Previously, it was believed that the cause of the emergence and development of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system is the dysfunction of synapses and neurons. However, the analysis of the scientific literature of recent years allows us to state that a special role in the development of pathological processes of the central nervous system is assigned to the glial system of the brain. The change of this scientific paradigm took place gradually and at this time there is no doubt or active opposition among specialists – neuroscientists of the whole world. It is known that gliocytes are needed not only to support the normal activity of neurons, they provide nutrition and protection of nerve cells against the impact of harmful pathogenic factors. The lecture offers a modern view of the function and role of different types of gliocytes in the nervous system under normal and pathological conditions of the brain. The described research data prove the importance of glial cells in coordinating the functions of neurons and open up opportunities for further research in the field of developing therapeutic (targeted) approaches. Understanding the role of gliocytes in neuropathological processes can help in the development of new treatments for various diseases of the central nervous system. This is important, given the large number of neuroprotective, or rather neuroprotective pharmacological agents and at the same time the absence of specialized pro-astrocytic, pro-oligoglial, pro-ependymar and specific medicinal substances to inhibit the function of microgliocytes. This significantly impedes the practical aspects of the treatment of various neurotraumatic, cerebrovascular and, especially, age-related neurodegenerative diseases of the brain. It should be emphasized the significant contribution of Ukrainian neurocytomorphologists to the development of the foundations of solving this problem, among which are: O.H. Chernyakhivsʹkyy, M.I. Zazybin, A.K. Kolomiytsev, Yu.B. Chaykovsʹkyy, et al. Thus, the research of glial cells and their functions is one of the directions of modern neurobiology and neuroscience, which has great potential for further development of neurology and improvement of treatment of patients with brain diseases.
PECULIARITIES OF HEMODYNAMICS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE CONSIDERING SEX DIMORPHISM
Authors: Lipkan N. G. , Kuchmenko O. B.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Heart failure is an important factor in the development of pathological processes and pathophysiological manifestations; it can be modified at all stages of its development, regardless of sex and age, and be accompanied by arterial hypertension, heart ischemia, tachycardia, bradycardia, etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the peculiarities of central hemodynamics in cases of chronic heart failure considering sex dimorphism. Materials and methods. The research comprised 149 individuals, aged between 18 and 75, with long-term heart failure, who received inpatient treatment at the Heart Failure Department of the National Centre of Cardiology "Acad. M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for 2020 – 2022. Objective criteria such as heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, systolic blood volume, and minute blood volume were used to assess the state of the cardiovascular system. All patients underwent an echocardiogram in M- and B-modes to assess the structural and functional state of the heart and to establish an accurate diagnosis. Results. Analyzing the obtained results, it should be noted that there is a certain sexual dimorphism in the indicators of central hemodynamics in patients with chronic heart failure: for instance, women with chronic heart failure demonstrates significantly higher values of blood pressure and pulse pressure than men with the same diagnosis. The values of minute blood volume in patients with chronic heart failure of both sexes were within the reference values. More pronounced changes in central hemodynamic parameters under chronic heart failure were observed in women compared to men. It should be noted that all investigations were conducted while individuals were receiving medical therapy for heart failure. It is note worthy that the results of the echocardiographic examination indicate profound changes in the heart structure in the patients with chronic heart failure. In particular, the set of the evaluated indicators point out left ventricle hypertrophy. The degree of hypertrophy provides unquestionable predictive value. Remodelling of the myocardium is a possible occurrence linked to arterial hypertension. Conclusion. Central hemodynamic indicators reveal sex dimorphism, with greater distinction observed in the patients with chronic heart failure, particularly among women. Despite this, the main indicators of hemodynamics in patients with chronic heart failure were within the reference values, which can be explained by the fact that the patients received drug therapy. However, the analysis of indicators obtained by echocardiographic study indicates profound changes in the heart structure in patients with chronic heart failure, which are more pronounced in male patients compared to their female counterparts.
USE OF NANODISPERSIVE DERMATOTROPIC GEL IN THE COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT OF TROPHIC LESIONS OF THE LOWER LIMBS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Shaienko Z.O.
Published: November 2023

Given the rapid increase in the global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, an increase in the number of chronic diabetic wounds and ulcers is predicted. The problem of treating and predicting the course of trophic lesions of the lower limbs in patients with diabetes mellitus has remained unresolved until now. Successful treatment of trophic wounds in diabetic patients is a serious multidisciplinary challenge. Therefore, the development of new drugs, methods and treatment is crucial. “Cerera” Gel-Balm is an original development based on an antioxidant complex with cerium dioxide ions, providing the product with unique biological properties. The gel accelerates the regeneration processes of damaged tissues, provides antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oedematous effects, and is effective in viral soft tissue infections. The purpose of the study was to improve the treatment outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus and trophic ulcers by using the nanodispersive cerium dioxide-based dermatotropic gel. Methods and participants. The study was carried out at the surgery unit of Poltava Central District Clinical Hospital and the endocrinology unit the 2nd Poltava Municipal Clinical Hospital. Two distinct clinical cases have been presented where the suggested local treatment was included into the comprehensive treatment strategy. Photographic evidence of wound healing and the outcomes of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods are provided. Conclusions: The application of the suggested gel, following an extended but ineffective standard comprehensive treatment, has demonstrated a notable reduction in trophic ulcer healing time. It effectively safeguards against wound infections and the onset of new infections while promoting the growth of granulation tissue. This multifaceted positive impact of the gel components on trophic ulcer healing significantly enhances the patients' quality of life.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF 120-140 J/CM ENERGY DENSITY FOR THE ENDOVENOUS LASER ABLATION IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Asgarov I.M.
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of the 120-140 J/cm energy for EVLA in patients with diabetes. Material and methods. The outcomes of 40 patients with varicose disease and diabetes mellitus as a comorbid condition were analyzed. Forty patients with varicose disease and diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the investigation. There were 27 women (67.5%) and 13 men (32.5%). The average age of the patients was 59.5±1.18 years, ranging from 44 to 74 years. The blood glucose level was 184.5±11.6 mmol/l, and the concentration of glycohemoglobin was equal to 8.5±0.25%. The average duration of the diabetes history was 10.6±0.91 years. Biolitec ELVeS Radial 2 Ring Fiber diode device and laser with 1470 nm wavelength and 120 – 140 J/cm energy were used for EVLA. VCSS results and recurrence rates were subjected to analysis in 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year following the treatment. Results. The outcomes of the EVLA with high power energy for the treatment of varicose disease in patients with diabetes were not enough highlighted. The total VCSS score was for the right lower extremity: 4.75±0.725 - 1 week after EVLA; 1.93±0.547 - 1 month later; 0.79±0.306 - 6 months after; 0.36±0.151 - 1 year after; respectively for the left lower limb 5.37±0.806 - 1 week; 2.6±0.643 - after 1 month; 1.06±0.351 - after 6 months; 0.62±0.034 - after 1 year. 1 week after EVLA, there was an intense decrease in the pain index in the right lower limb, and after 1 month, almost 90% of the patients had no pain at all. In the 6-month and 1-year follow-ups, the pain had completely disappeared, and only 1 person reported having episodic pain. This trend is also reflected in the left leg. The intensity of pain in the left leg decreased significantly after 1 week of EVLA. During all observations, the intensity of pain was statistically significantly less than in the previous examinations (p<0.05). In the short term after EVLA the rapid reduction of the intensity of pain and oedema, and the disappearance of chronic venous insufficiency symptoms ensured earlier rehabilitation of patients. The recurrence was observed in 1 case (2.5%). Conclusion. 120-140 J/cm of energy was approved as an optimal density for the EVLA in patients with varicose and diabetes mellitus.
ULTRASOUND SCANNING AS ESSENTIAL DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR PEDIATRIC LUNG CONDITIONS IN INFANTS
Authors: Knanaliyeva N.F. , Sultanova M.C. , Qarayeva S.Z.
Published: November 2023

The aim of this work is to reveal the diagnostic possibilities of ultrasound examination and chest radiography for assessing the condition of the lungs in children with diseases of the respiratory system. Material and methods. In the course of these studies, the results of dynamic observation were analyzed using two methods of radiation diagnostics, that is, ultrasound and X-ray methods for assessing the condition of the chest of newborns and children under one year of age with pulmonary pathology. We examined 200 children aged from 0 to 1 year who were admitted to the Research Institute of Paediatrics. K.Yu. Farajev, Baku in the period 2019-2021 All examined children were divided into 2 groups: 65 children without pathology of the respiratory system in the control group and 135 examined children of the same age, aggravated by pulmonary pathology. Results and conclusion. It should be noted that the possibility of deep ultrasound scanning of the pleural fluid and its sufficiently pronounced acoustic properties are the necessary conditions for studying the configuration of the area of accumulation and distribution of excess fluid, assessing the state of the lung and focal violations of the echostructure. Ultrasound features revealed in apparently healthy children of the control group and characteristic of a normal intact lung are based on such sonographic features as the presence of the “lung sliding” symptom, the presence of a small number of vertical artifacts, that is, B-lines, with a tight fit to each other of the parietal and visceral pleural lines, and the predominance of the so-called A-lines. In the examined children of the main group, during ultrasound, the motionless parietal pleura, presented in the form of a hyperechoic line, is more often visualized, and the visceral pleura located under it and covering the lung is quite easily determined, which performs sliding movements synchronously with respiratory movements, which is noted in the scientific literature as a phenomenon "sliding of the lung", while the bilateral manifestation of this symptom is more often detected in 32 children (23.9%), against 0.7%, the value recorded for its unilateral manifestation. Thus, an important fact is the confirmation of the presence of the symptom "sliding of the lung".
CHANGES OF BIOMETALS IN THE RAT FOREBRAIN IN THE EARLY PERIOD OF BLAST-INDUCED TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Authors: Kozlova Yu.V.
Published: November 2023

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury is a complex of impairments caused by the rapid transfer of energy from the explosion to the brain. The main pathogenic factor is the blast wave, which leads to primary diffuse damage. The question of the biometals participation in the pathogenesis of secondary damage in various structures of the brain, in particular in the forebrain in the early period of mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury, is attracting considerable interest at present. The experiment carried out on 36 sexually mature male Wistar rats weighing 220-270 g in the laboratory of the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Forensic Medicine and Pathological Physiology of the Dnipro State Medical University in compliance with current legislation on ethical treatment of animals. Rats were kept in standard vivarium conditions and were randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental (subjected to anaesthesia and exposure to a baroacoustic wave of 26-36 kPa) and intact groups. On the 14th, 21st, and 28th days of the post-traumatic period, the animals were euthanized with halothane followed by removal of the brain and separation of the forebrain. Spectral research was carried out using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis. The analysis of the results showed an intragroup increase in the level of Fe by 3% and Cu by 36% and a decrease in Zn by 36%, but all these biometals and their ratios (Cu/Fe, Cu/Zn, Zn/Fe) were more in the experimental rats. We consider that these biometals lead to oxidative stress, damage to the neurons and mitochondria membranes, development of energy deficit, excitation of neurons, disruption of axonal conduction and synaptic transmission. The obtained data can be suggested as factors of secondary damage and used as diagnostic and prognostic markers of this injury type; they can also be used as the foundation for developing pathogenetically validated neuroprotection.
Brazil’s diplomatic impartiality during Jair Bolsonaro’s administration
Authors: Esteves Ana Livia
Published: November 2023

The article investigates the Brazilian diplomatic reaction to the aggravation of the conflict in Ukraine in February 2022, during the administration of president Jair Bolsonaro. It identifies that Brazil has adopted a position of impartiality, consisting of four main directives: condemnation of hostilities; acting against the diplomatic isolation of Russia; not complying with economic sanctions and maintaining bilateral channels of dialogue with Moscow. The article investigates the decision-making process that led to the adoption of the position of impartiality, taking into account domestic and international factors, and describes its execution throughout 2022. The research argues that the Brazilian position is in line with the country’s traditional diplomatic practices, according to the permanent principles of Brazilian foreign policy proposed by scholar Amado Cervo. Furthermore, Brazil’s choice for impartiality brought positive consequences for bilateral relations with Russia and served Brazilian political, economic and commercial interests.
The last conquest: the mission of the fray Avendaño and the conquest of Tayasal
Authors: Pakin Alexandr
Published: November 2023

The present article devoted to the Spanish Conquest of the last Maya kingdom, the Tayasal. The present publication gives a brief review of their origin from the builders of Chichen-Itza and their historical fate in the Modern Times. The focus of the present research is the role of embassy of the fray Avendaño-y-Loyola in the Spanish Conquest of the last Indian Kingdom of the American Continent. The Author comes to conclusion, that Avendaño’s attempt to use the Itza’s religious believes was decisive in failure to all attempts to induct them into Spanish subjects.
The political influence of transnational corporations in Latin America countries. The example of Petrobras
Authors: Zaitsev Stanislav Y.
Published: November 2023

The article presents an analysis of the activities of the Brazilian corporation Petrobras as a political actor. The choice of Petrobras as an object of research is due to its key position in the country's oil sector, its status as a state-owned enterprise and the amount of financial and other resources available to it. The main part of the study reveals the characteristic features of the company as an actor that has and implements a number of types of power: structural, instrumental, institutional and infrastructural. Despite the fact that most of the corporation's shares are owned by the state, Petrobras has a certain autonomy to make decisions and implement them in the oil sector. Such autonomy, on the one hand, makes it necessary to build mutually beneficial relations both with the state and other participants in economic and political processes. On the other hand, it can turn into a potential source of conflicts between the government and the management of the corporation. The study showed that the effective use of these powers allows Petrobras to assert and expand such autonomy and maintain its status as an important socio-economic and political actor.
BRICS: economic potential, New Development Bank and digital currency
Authors: Shaker Irina
Published: November 2023

The article considers the main directions of BRICS financial innovations, such as strengthening the role of this intercontinental association bank and the prospects for creating their own currency. Some country characteristics and indicators of the financial sector of Latin America are given. On the basis of statistical analysis, the authors concluded that it is relevant to further study the Latin American sector in the world economy as a potential full member and partner of BRICS. The place of Mercosur in regional cooperation and the role for the BRICS countries in achieving sustainable development goals were also noted. Proposals are given for a strategy to ensure leadership in financial platform solutions through the New Development Bank (NDB) of the BRICS and the digital currency of the Central Bank (CBDC). The article also discusses the characteristic features of the integration of financial products into the digital interfaces of the BRICS NDB.
THE CORRELATION LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF DENTAL NURSING STUDENTS' ANXIETY REGARDING THE HAZARDS OF RADIATION IN PANORAMIC EXAMINATION AND DENTAL RADIOGRAPHY
Authors: Prayoga Aryadiva Nugrahaning
Published: November 2023

Knowledge is information that has been combined with understanding and the potential to act; which then sticks in someone's mind. Anxiety is an unreal fear, a feeling of being threatened in response to something that is not actually threatening, according to psychodynamic theory anxiety arises when self-will demands detachment from the ego. Panoramic radiography is a supporting tool that can be used to diagnose a case, such as the presence of a jaw fracture, symmetrical or asymmetrical evaluation of the TMJ or knowing the depth of caries.In radiological examinations, especially dental and panoramic, there are many worries or fears that arise when an examination is carried out. So it is necessary to increase knowledge in order to reduce the anxiety that arises.This type of research used is descriptive correlational research. The population and sample in this study were Diploma III students at the Department of Dental Nursing, Poltekkes Semarang who coincidentally (accidentally) met with researchers who were considered suitable with the specified sample characteristics to be sampled.The results of the Spearman rank test on the relationship between the level of knowledge and the anxiety level of the respondents obtained the Spearman rank correlation value (Rs) of -0.600, meaning that the higher the patient's level of knowledge about panoramic and dental radiographic examinations, the lower the patient's anxiety level. All respondents had no anxiety when dealing with radiological examinations, especially dental and panoramic examinations.
BLOOD STORAGE ANALYSIS OF HEMOGLOBIN ERYTHROCYTE AND PLATELET LEVELS IN WHOLE BLOOD COMPONENTS 0 DAYS 7 DAYS UP TO 15 DAYS AND 30 DAYS AT THE INDONESIAN RED CROSS (PMI) BLOOD DONATION UNIT (UUD) SEMARANG REGENCY
Authors: Riadi Ahmad Riadi , Kahar Fitriani , Widodo Widodo , Aprianti Dina , Margi Rahayu Umi
Published: November 2023

During the storage process, blood will experience changes in blood components such as hemoglobin levels. The longer blood is stored, the more red blood cells will be destroyed because blood that is stored for too long will experience a shift in the oxygen dissociation curve to the left. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of blood storage on the levels of platelets, erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the whole blood component of blood for 0 days, 7 days, 15 days and 30 days at the blood donor unit (UUD) of the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) Semarang Regency. The type of research used is descriptive research, where this research aims to describe or provide an overview of the effect of storing blood in whole blood components on changes in platelet, erythrocyte and hemoglobin levels in PMI Semarang Regency. The population and research samples are donors in PMI Semarang Regency. Data analysis: Data processing is carried out by: Editing, namely selecting and correcting hemoglobin level data collected from the measurement results during each experiment. Tabulating is the presentation of research data in the form of tables of Hemoglobin reading results or descriptive or analytical analysis results. Processing is the activity of processing data so that it can be analyzed by entering data on hemoglobin levels. Cleaning or data checking is checking the hemoglobin level data that has been entered again to see if there are errors or not
NURSING CARE FOR GRADE II DIABETIC ULCUS
Authors: Margi Rahayu Umi , Khoirul Huda Kholis
Published: November 2023

Background –Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus will cause various complications, one of which is diabetic ulcers. The incidence of diabetic ulcers in DM patients is still high, namely in 2020 it has reached 25% throughout their lives. Patients will be susceptible to severe infections if they do not understand how to properly care for wounds, so that patients with diabetic ulcers can experience problems in the form of impaired tissue integrity. The development of wound care with modern dressing methods has become a trend now, because this wound treatment uses the moist concept so that it speeds up the wound drying process.Objectives –The case study aims to provide nursing care to patients with grade III diabetic ulcers with the main problem being impaired tissue integrity.Method –This type of case study uses a qualitative research design with a case study approach. The sample in this study consisted of 2 diabetic ulcer patients with conventional wound care for 6 days.Results –The results of case management for 6x8 hours showed that the wound condition had decreased in the BJWAT assessment score, but the wound healing process had not been resolved, namely patient 1 on the first day the BJWAT score was 38 then the sixth day it became 28 , while patient 2 on the first day was 39 then days sixth to 27. The wound healing process does take quite a long time, which can reach 12-20 weeks.Conclusion– The conclusion of this scientific paper is that after treating the wound using 0.9% NaCl solution compressed with metronidazole and gentamicin ointment for 6x8 hours, the wound healing process has not been resolved, but the BJWAT wound assessment score has decreased
What do Consumers Think About Disposal Recyclable Waste in Montreal? A Study on Discard Behavior
Authors: Pasqualotto Carina , Callegaro de Menezes Daniela , Yulia Biihrer Collar Vitoria
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, we live in a context of social and economic crises, declining in non‐renewable resources and environmental pollution. On the other hand, we can see the growing awareness of social responsibility, sustainability practice increasing and concern for the environment. But, to have success and develop sustainable processes, it is necessary that all involved actors contribute by working collaboratively in the supply chain. In this sense, it is important to understand what the consumers think about recyclable disposal waste in the supermarkets. In this way, this study aimed to verify the perception of the consumers from the city of Montreal in Canada to dispose of their recyclable waste in supermarkets in Montreal. Qualitative research was carried out and the data were collected through seven personal interviews with consumers from Montreal supermarkets, selected by convenience. As results, it was possible to identify consumers being aware of the importance of conscious disposal to reduce pollution in the environment, despite they don’t practice. They emphasize that supermarkets and grocery stores do not incentivize the recycling process. The results also show that, in general, consumers think that it’s not practical and convenient to dispose of their recyclable waste in the supermarket in Montreal. Finally, consumers agree that it will be positive if the supermarkets encourage their consumers to dispose of the recyclable waste by offering financial benefits. They also believe that this action could incentivize people to recycle more. These results are important for the sustainable development, for the establishment of strategies towards sustainability by the supermarkets. The supermarkets can develop sustainable practices working together with their consumers, promoting gains to supermarkets, consumers and the environment.
Wavelet-based temporal models of human activity for anomaly detection in smart robot-assisted environments1
Authors: Fernandez-Carmona Manuel , Mghames Sariah , Bellotto Nicola
Published: November 2023

Detecting anomalies in patterns of sensor data is important in many practical applications, including domestic activity monitoring for Active Assisted Living (AAL). How to represent and analyse these patterns, however, remains a challenging task, especially when data is relatively scarce and an explicit model is required to be fine-tuned for specific scenarios. This paper, therefore, presents a new approach for temporal modelling of long-term human activities with smart-home sensors, which is used to detect anomalous situations in a robot-assisted environment. The model is based on wavelet transforms and used to forecast smart sensor data, providing a temporal prior to detect unexpected events in human environments. To this end, a new extension of Hybrid Markov Logic Networks has been developed that merges different anomaly indicators, including activities detected by binary sensors, expert logic rules, and wavelet-based temporal models. The latter in particular allows the inference system to discover deviations from long-term activity patterns, which cannot be detected by simpler frequency-based models. Two new publicly available datasets were collected using several smart-sensors to evaluate the approach in office and domestic scenarios. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions and their successful deployment in complex human environments, showing their potential for future smart-home and robot integrated services.