bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological Types of Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borisova Anastasya M. , Kubrak Tina A. ,   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Latynov Vladislav V. ,   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makhnach Aleksandr V. ,   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at analyzing the relationship between the psychological characteristics of a person, their perceptions of COVID-19, their attitudes towards vaccination and their behavior in a pandemic situation. 2,786 people took part in the online survey. Participants completed the following methods: the Pandemic Opinions questionnaire, Big Five Inventory-2, D. Amir khan's Coping Strategies Indicator, State Anxiety Subscale from the Ch. D. Spiel berger's State-Trait Anxiety Scale. The study revealed a variety of psychological prerequisites for such forms of adaptive response to the pandemic as the implementation of preventive measures and the adoption of vaccination. These included personality traits, coping strategies, emotional state, and pandemic-related perceptions. A variety of typical response options in a pandemic situation has been found. Three psychological types were distinguished among those who actively carried out preventive measures and two types among those who poorly performed these measures. Three types of people were identified who have a positive attitude towards vaccination, and three types in the group with a negative attitude towards it. Each type was characterized by a specific set of personality traits, coping strategies, and pandemic-related perceptions. The results of the study suggest three main pathways that lead people to an adaptive response to a pandemic. The first is largely due to a person’s stable personal characteristics (responsibility, benevolence, adaptability of coping strategies), the second is associated with a person’s acute experience of their vulnerability to coronavirus, while the third, seemingly, has extrapersonal determinants associated with a person’s social environment.
The Study of Thinking in The Moscow Methodological Circle
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Rоzin Vadim M.
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes three main topics: ideas about thinking, formed in ancient philosophy and in modern times, studies of thinking in the Moscow Methodological Circle, mainly in the works by G.P. Shchedrovitsky, as well as the author’s views on thinking (a kind of conceptualization). The views on thinking in logic, methodology and phenomenology are considered, the problems of development and the agent of thinking, the logical and methodological determinants of thought are discussed. The author presents the results of the cultural and historical reconstruction of the formation of thinking, showing that three components of thinking were formed in ancient philosophy — discursive activity, including the constitution of ideal objects, norms of thinking (thinking patterns, logical rules and categories), concepts of thinking. He calls this tripartite structure "the genome of thinking." The genome of thinking was established anew in the Middle Ages and in the modern culture, as the requirements for all three of its components has changed. The author characterizes the ideas about thinking outlined in the three programs of the Moscow Methodological Circle (semiotic interpretation of thinking, reducing it to activity, representation as “pure thinking” in the scheme of “thinking activity”). At the same time, he believes that Shchedrovitsky did not succeed in understanding the essence and mechanisms of the development of thinking. In turn, the author, relying on his own research on thinking, argues that the first start of thinking happened with the formation of the thinking genome, and the second start was the inclusion of the thinking genome in the institutions of modernity (science, art, law, religion, esotericism), which significantly affect thinking. The latter, in turn, changes and transforms under the influence of culture, personality, problems and challenges of the time.
Towards arabic for specific purposes
Authors: Golfetto Marco Aurelio
Published: July 2023

Appropriate knowledge of learners is fundamental for planning successful courses. Especially in Europe, we often lack a precise idea of the background and aspirations of the students of Arabic. Surveys on this topic are all the more meaningful in the case of Arabic for specific purposes (ASP), a field in expansion that should be oriented according to real needs. This study investigates 205 students majoring in Arabic and enrolled in BA and MA degree courses in Linguistic and Cultural Mediation in Italy. The materials used consist in a questionnaire of 51 items enquiring into the students’ motivations, job orientations, and language learning history. The sets of items are rated through a 7-point Likert scale and validated with Cronbach’s α test. The results are discussed through descriptive statistics and different groups of learners are compared by using inferential statistics. The population surveyed often took Arabic because of instrumental motivations related to the development of professional skills. Students are interested in specific linguistic areas, such as politics, diplomacy, administration, media, but also areas of business and tourism, and translation. The secondary education received also affects learners’ orientations. Needs analysis highlights which specific courses are perceived as more relevant and also helps set a framework for further developments in the teaching of ASP
Comparison of Approval Status of COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatments in Korea, the US, and Europe
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Lee Yeongbin , Lee Eui-Kyung
Published: July 2023

As demand for COVID-19 vaccines and treatments has soared, each country has applied appropriate approval/authorization system according to circumstances, such as emergency use authorization, conditional marketing approval, or other rapid procedures to introduce COVID-19 related items quickly. This study compared and analyzed the approval/authorization status of COVID-19 vaccines and treatments in Korea, the United States, and Europe. There were differences in the number and types of approved vaccines and treatments and also in the approval procedures used across countries. The United States adopted the emergency use authorization system, and Europe utilized the conditional marketing authorisation system, while Korea mainly applied conditional approval for vaccines and emergency use authorization for treatments. After initial approval in the US, Europe, most vaccines and treatments were introduced with delay in Korea. For instance, the average of Drug lag time for vaccines was about two months(61.5days). In the case of treatments, the difference between Drug lag time among items was relatively large. Considering that Korea's review period for drug approval is similar to that of the United States or Europe, it is necessary to proceed more quickly with approval applications and emergency authorization reviews in the event of other public health emergencies in the future.
Optimization of Square-shaped Bolted Joints Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Chen Kui , Yang Cheng , Zhao Yongsheng , Niu Peng , Niu NaNa , Wu Hongchao
Published: July 2023

The bolted joint is widely used in heavy-duty CNC machine tools, which has huge influence on working precision and overall stiffness of CNC machine. The process parameters of group bolt assembly directly affect the stiffness of the connected parts. The dynamic model of bolted joints is established based on the fractal theory, and the overall stiffness of joint surface is calculated. In order to improve the total stiffness of bolted assembly, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm with combination of time-varying weights and contraction factor is proposed. The input parameters are preloading of bolts, fractal dimension, roughness, and object thickness. The main goal is to maximize the global rigidity. The optimization results show that improved algorithm has better convergence, faster calculation speed, preferable results, and higher optimization performance than standard particle swarm optimization algorithm. Moreover, the global rigidity optimization is achieved.
Analysis of the concept of nurses’ autonomy in intensive care units: A hybrid model
Authors: Taleghani Fariba , Dehbozorgi Raziye , Babashahi Monire , Monemian Sharife , Masoumi Masoume
Published: July 2023

Objective. To analyze the concept of autonomy of nurses in Intensive Care Units (ICU).
Methods. The hybrid model approach proposed by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim, which includes theoretical, fieldwork and analytical phases, was used for this study. For the theoretical and fieldwork phases, the Graneheim and Lundman stages and the CORE-Q checklist were used, and the results were combined in the final analysis phase. For the theoretical phase, 46 related articles, two instruments and four books were identified after using a search strategy in 7 bibliographic databases in English and one in Persian with the terms MESH: "nursing", "autonomy"; and "intensive care";. The information extracted in the theoretical phase served as the basis for the design of the questions used in the semi-structured interviews in the fieldwork phase. Eight nurses with ICU experience working in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Iran) participated in the fieldwork phase.
Results. The antecedents of the concept of nurse autonomy in ICUs were: empowerment of the workforce, organizational platform, and social and individual views of the profession. Its attributes were professionalism and high personal capabilities. Finally, increased personal competencies, promotion of quality of care, improved attitudes towards the profession and professional outcomes were noted as consequences.
Conclusion. The autonomy of nurses in the ICU can facilitate their empowerment, which translates into the promotion of their caring behaviours, followed by the improvement of patient outcomes and quality of care.
The Mindful Helping and Self-Care Model: Mindful Self-Care and Quality of Life Among a Racially Balanced Sample of Helping Professionals
Authors: Hotchkiss Jason T. , Cook-Cottone Catherine
Published: July 2023

This study explored the Mindful Helping and Self-Care model and validated the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS) among three racially balanced samples of helping professionals (n = 1,534). The study employed a cross-sectional, self-report design. The racial representation of participants was American Indian (n = 68), Asian (n = 351), African American (n = 384), Latino (n = 325), White (n = 301), and other (n = 114). The MSCS (33 items) showed good internal structure and measurement invariance to support generalizability across the three groups studied. With parsimony for application development, the Brief-MSCS (24 items) had a stronger internal structure across the three groups. Mindful self-care and secondary traumatic stress mediated the relationship between burnout and compassion satisfaction, as the total effects were greater than the direct effects. Mindful self-care practices were associated with reduced burnout risk. Mediation analysis results supported the Mindful Helping and Self-Care model. The empirical foundation for the 33-item MSCS and 24-item Brief-MSCS is further supported in this study. Both are excellent instruments for measuring mindful self-care factors in helping professionals using a behavioral frequency approach in a weekly time context. The Brief-MSCS is a more concise measure, making it particularly useful for application development. The reliability, construct, and concurrent validity of the MSCS and Brief-MSCS were confirmed. Mind-body practice is self-care; expressions vary by racial group and are associated with overall wellness. Future research should focus on professionals and cultures outside North America.
La innovación en la economía británica en el siglo XVIII: Hume, Smith, Bentham
Authors: Trincado Aznar Estrella
Published: July 2023

La innovación fue el problema económico clave del Siglo XVIII, una época privilegiada donde empiezan a resonar unos discursos exaltados, enaltecedores de la necesidad de innovación constante, pero en la que muchos señalaban también los riesgos de esta innovación. En este artículo se presentan las visiones de la innovación que surgieron en el siglo dieciocho de la mano de tres autores prototípicos, David Hume (1711-1776), Adam Smith (1723-1790) y Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832). Sus tres teorías arrojan luz sobre las consecuencias de la innovación, al estar basadas en sus distintas definiciones del agente económico, del tipo de interés, del empresario y del desarrollo económico.
CCLitBox. A Wikidata Gadget to Classify World Literature
Authors: Bianchini Carlo
Published: July 2023

The Wikidata gadget, CCLitBox, for the automated classification of literary authors and works by faceted classification and using Linked Open Data (LOD) is presented. The tool reproduces the classification algorithm of Class O Literature of the Colon Classification and uses data freely available in Wikidata to generate Colon Classification class numbers. CCLitBox is completely free and allows any user to classify literary authors and their works. It is also easily accessible to everyone. It also uses LOD (Linked Open Data) from Wikidata where available, but if data on an author and/or their works are not available in Wikidata to be used by CCLitBox, it can be freely added, even using semi-automatic tools such as OpenRefine. Finally, CCLitBox is ready for any collaborative and networked project.
Efficiency and Productivity Change Analysis of Major Seaports in New Zealand
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Ma Jin-Hee , Ahn Young-Hyo
Published: July 2023

New Zealand has a geographical position as the logistics hub of Latin America, and its logistics industry is important due to its high dependence on imports and exports. As about 90% of New Zealand's shipments are made by sea, sea transport plays a large role in national distribution of cargo as well as import and export of goods. However, as supply chains between New Zealand and China have become more tighter, the Covid pandemic has caused significant disruption to New Zealand's trade. It has also caused heavier regulation and procedures of import and export, severe lack of internal and external resources and higher volatility of global supply chain. Therefore, this study evaluated comparative operational efficiencies of 11 major ports in New Zealand by using DEA and MPI. Total equity and liabilities were selected as inputs and revenue and gross profit as outputs. It examined the current state of New Zealand ports' performance operations by evaluating port operational efficiency in 2019 and 2020 and performed trend analysis on financial productivity of 11 ports for 9 years from 2012 to 2020. This study aims to enhance competitiveness of New Zealand's logistics industry and to revitalize the main ports.
Features of the Course and Rare Ophthalmic Manifestations of Post-COVID Syndrome
Authors: Yusef N. Yu. , Andzhelova D. V. , Kazaryan E. E. , Vorobyeva M. V.
Published: July 2023

The review presents data from studies of the ophthalmological consequences of the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, especially regarding its rare manifestations. Clinical manifestations of the post-COVID-19 syndrome disappear within about two weeks in mild cases and 3 to 12 weeks in more severe cases. 80 % of patients have more than one, often more than two, and more than 10 symptoms. In general, patients improve spontaneously and continuously over time. The ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 vary in nature, severity, and timing, and are more common in patients with severe systemic disease, abnormal blood counts, and inflammatory conditions. Ophthalmic manifestations can develop at any time during the course of the disease. The median time to symptom onset since COVID-19 diagnosis is 5 days for neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, 8.5 days for the ocular surface and anterior segment of the eye, and 12 days for the posterior segment and orbit. COVID-19 causes ocular manifestations in approximately 11 % of patients. The most common ocular manifestation is conjunctivitis, which affects almost 89 % of patients with eye diseases. Other much less common anterior segment anomalies caused by SARS-CoV-2 include scleritis, episcleritis, and acute anterior uveitis. Posterior segment injuries caused by SARS-CoV-2 are mainly vascular, such as hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, dilated veins, and vasculitis. Rare complications of COVID-19 include rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis; retrobulbar optic neuropathy, papillitis, neuroretinitis, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, non-arterial anterior ischemic optic neuropathy; retinal white spot syndrome (MEWDS); acute unilateral anterior uveitis, serpiginous choroiditis; bilateral central serous chorioretinopathy; bilateral acute depigmentation of the iris, bilateral acute transillumination of the iris; refraction changes; complications associated with drugs used to treat COVID-19 that have toxic effects on eye tissue; and vaccine-associated uveitis.
Appraisal of the Treatment Efficiency with Direct-Acting Anticoagulants in Ophthalmic Practice. Literature Review
Authors: Frolov M. A. , Plyaskina U. S. , Vorobyeva I. V. , Frolov A. M. , Biryukov V. V. , Shallah S.
Published: July 2023

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a disease that irrevocably leads to blindness, especially in the absence of proper monitoring and treatment. World statistics on its prevalence are not comforting. This pathology has always demanded and will continue to demand high attention from endocrinologists and ophthalmologists. In search of competent patient management, we have studied scientific papers on various treatment approaches with proven positive research results. We decided to analyze the drug Sulodexide, since in many studies it has proven to be a safe and effective direct anticoagulant with minimal side effects. As it turned out, Sulodexide is effective not only in relation to DR, but also in other pathologies of the fundus, which is described in this article.
Method of Extended Primary Microsurgical Treatment of Extensive Penetrating Scleral Wounds
Authors: Shamkin S. S. , Subbotina S. N. , Stepanyants A. B.
Published: July 2023

Purpose: to expand and modernize the technology of primary microsurgical treatment of extensive scleral wounds due to simultaneous subtotal vitrectomy, primary treatment of retinal and choroid wounds, filling of tissue defects with autologous conditioned plasma (ACP), tamponade with silicone oil or C3F8 gas.

Methods. 15 patients (15 eyes) with extensive penetrating scleral and corneoscleral wounds ranging from 8 to 15 mm in length, with concomitant complex injuries of various structures of the eye: traumatic cataract, wound of the ciliary body, injury or loss of the iris, subtotal/total hemophthalmos, retinal detachment were monitored. All patients underwent primary surgery according to the original extended technique.

Results. The functional results of surgical treatment in patients, taking into account the severity of the injury, were high: in the early postoperative period, 1 month after primary surgery, visual acuity with correction ranged from 0.02 to 0.5. Signs of proliferative vitreoretinopathy were not observed in any case.

Conclusion. The proposed method of extended primary microsurgical treatment for extensive penetrating scleral and corneoscleral wounds with severe concomitant damage to intraocular structures is effective and has a number of advantages: early prevention of severe complications in the form of proliferative vitreoretinopathy, shortening the rehabilitation period. The method allows to achieve high functional results in the most severe cases of penetrating eye injury.
Features of Damage to the Organ of Vision in Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Razumovsky M. I. , Razumovskaya A. M. , Korovyansky Yu. A.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Recently, there have been a number of reports of damage to the posterior segment of the eyeball (retina and vascular tract) as a complication of coronavirus infection. Moreover, such lesions occur in the long term (after a few weeks or more). We also observed similar changes, sometimes with the development of a second wave of the disease. At the same time, early diagnosis of damage to the microcirculatory bed and phenomena — precursors of thrombosis (blood clotting disorders) is very important.

The aim of the study was to determine the types of complications of coronovirus infection on the part of the organ of vision and their clinical form. Creation of methods for early diagnosis of the progression of possible thrombogenic processes in the anterior and posterior segments of the eyeball.

Methods. The object of the study were patients with various types of complications due to coronavirus infection. The state of the bulbar microcirculation and the diagnosis of thrombotic symptoms caused by complications of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) were studied.

Results. The types of complications of coronovirus infection on the part of the organ of vision and their clinical forms were determined. Methods for early diagnosis of the progression of possible thrombogenic processes in the anterior and posterior segments of the eyeball have been developed.

Conclusion. As a result of a survey of 75 patients who had a coronavirus infection, it was revealed that the most common eye complications are anterior and posterior blepharitis, in addition, in some cases, damage to the microcirculatory bed of the bulbar conjunctiva was found in the form of arteriolar and venular angiitis and damage to the vessels of the posterior segment of the eyeball.
Congenital Aniridia: Clinical Features and Therapeutic Approaches (Case Report)
Authors: Yusef N. Yu. , Мakashova N. V. , Vasillyeva A. E. , Alhumidi Kh. , Ronzina I. A.
Published: July 2023

A clinical case of congenital aniridia in combination with high degree hyperopia, congenital cataract, ophthalmohypertension, foveal hypoplasia is presented. The article analyzes the results of a complex of morphofunctional studies conducted before and after cataract surgery, presents practical data on the differential diagnosis of glaucoma and ophthalmohypertension and analyzes therapeutic approaches, including the use of a diaphragm contact lens and a three-component tear substitute Stillavit.
Döviz Kuru Yansıma Etkisinin ARDL, FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR Yöntemleriyle Tahmini: Türkiye Örneği (2006-2022)
Authors: ÖZBEK Sefa
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışmada temel iki amaç gözetilmektedir. Bunlardan birincisi Türkiye ekonomisinde açık enflasyon hedeflemesi rejiminin benimsendiği dönemde döviz kuru yansıma etkisinin ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımıyla kısa ve uzun dönem değerlerini tespit etmektir. İkincisi FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR tahmin yöntemleri ile uzun dönem yansıma etkisinin tespit edilerek sonuçların güvenirliliğinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda Türkiye ekonomisine ait 2006:Ç1-2022:Ç3 dönemi çeyreklik enflasyon ve nominal döviz kuru verileri ile döviz kuru yansıma etkisi incelenmektedir. Ampirik bulgular kısa dönemde döviz kuru yansıma etkisinin %7 seviyelerinde, uzun dönemde ise yaklaşık %22 seviyelerinde gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir. Uzun dönem tahmininde hem ARDL hem de FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR yöntemlerinin benzer sonuçlar ortaya koyduğu elde edilmektedir. Bu sonuç, elde edilen etkinin güvenirliliğini artırmaktadır. Türkiye ekonomisi için elde edilen bulgular, döviz kuru yansıma etkisinin uzun dönemde kısa döneme kıyasla daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Ara malı ve yatırım malında yüksek ithal girdi oranlarına sahip olan Türkiye’nin sürdürülebilir makroekonomik denge için döviz kuru oynaklığını giderici politikalar uygulaması ve yansıma etkisinin olumsuz etkilerini en aza indirmesi gerekmektedir.
Analysing the Role of Turkey in Israel’s Post-2011 Regional Vision through the Lens of Identity-Security: Challenger or Bystander?
Authors: BELDER Ferit , MUMINOV Nurlan
Published: July 2023

Turkey’s engagement in Middle Eastern politics, significantly since the Arab Uprising, has continuously changed the direction of decades-old Turkey–Israel relations. The existing literature elaborates on several aspects of destabilising or normalizing relations between these two countries, but the dimension of Israel’s identity-based threat perception is yet to be revealed, despite Israel having long tried to balance identities in the region. By asking whether Turkey challenges Israel’s identity-based regional vision or plays a bystander role, this study presents a two-layered analysis of Israel–Turkey relations. While discussing the cognitive essence of Israel’s post-2011 regional perspective that transformed the ‘identity-based threat’ perceptions in an uncertain environment, it locates Turkey’s engagement in the region into Israel's regional understanding. Within this aim, the paper is organized as follows. First, the current literature on Israel–Turkey relations is summarized to see not only the short history of relations but also the major trends in studying Israel–Turkey relations. Second, the changing threat perceptions of Israel after the Arab Uprisings are examined to identify the continuities and changes. The third part locates Turkey in Israel’s regional vision by discussing the Egyptian and Syrian experiences of the Arab Uprisings. In the final part, the commitment policies of regional actors regarding the Palestinian issue are comparatively analysed to make sense of Israeli normalization with the Gulf States and re-normalization with Turkey. By going beyond the challenger/bystander spectrum, this study claims that Turkey’s position in all cases shows the characteristics of the ‘disobedient bystander’.
Hint Ortaçağı’nda Destansı Bir Kahraman: Prithviraj Çavhan
Authors: ÖNTÜRK Vural
Published: July 2023

Prithviraj ya da Müslüman tarihçilerin ifadesi ile Ray Pithora, Kuzey Hindistan’ın Racastan Bölgesi’ne dâhil Ecmir, Sambar ve Delhi’de hüküm süren Çavhan Hânedanı’nın otuz ikinci hükümdarıdır. Bu hükümdarın hayatı ve siyasî faaliyetleri hususunda Farsça, İngilizce ve Hintçe kaynaklarda bilgiler bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı özelde Prithviraj Çavhan’ın genelde ise Çavhan Hânedanı’nın siyasî durumunu ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu minval üzere ilk olarak Prithviraj’a ve Çavhanlara dair bilgiler ihtiva eden eserler toplanıp tasnif edilmiştir. Bilhassa Hintçe eserlerin kendilerinden ziyade İngilizce tercümelerinden istifade edilmiştir. Bahse konu hükümdarın Gurlularla ilişkileri hususunda ise Müslüman tarihçilerin devreye girdiği müşahede edilmektedir. Bu sebeple konuyla alakalı bilgiler sunan Farsça kaynaklar tespit edilerek ilk olarak bu eserlerin tercümesi yapılmıştır. Akabinde hem Farsça hem İngilizce hem de çok kısıtlı da olsa Türkçe kaynaklardan elde edilen bilgiler mukayeseye tabi tutularak çalışmanın şekli ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışmanın giriş kısmında Çavhan Hânedanı’nın genel durumu ile alakalı bilgiler sunulmuştur. Sonraki süreçte Prithviraj Çavhan’ın dünyaya gelişi, eğitimi ve ilk gençlik yılları üzerinde durulmuştur. Son olararak Prithviraj’ın siyasî faaliyetleri, savaşları ve ölümü anlatılarak çalışma sonuçlanıdırlmıştır.
¿Es posible la protección «intertemporal» de la libertad? A vueltas con la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional alemán en el caso Neubauer
Authors: Armenteras Cabot Marcos de
Published: July 2023

El Tribunal Constitucional alemán, en la sentencia del caso Neubauer c. Alemania sobre la inconstitucionalidad de la Ley de Protección del Clima (2019), sostiene que el derecho general a la libertad tiene un carácter «intertemporal». Esta sentencia vincula el principio de equidad intergeneracional recogidos en la ley fundamental con el derecho general a la libertad, asumiendo que este último debe garantizarse también en el futuro y, consecuentemente, se deben tomar medidas en la actualidad para hacerlo efectivo. Este artículo analiza la sentencia desde esta óptica y plantea la necesidad de reconfigurar, en la línea que lo ha hecho el Tribunal Constitucional, la noción de libertad ante la crisis ecológica presente.
Diversity of 33 Genotypes of Potato Revealed by Simple Sequence Repeats Markers
Authors: Terryana Rerenstradika Tizar , Prihaningsih Amalia , Nugroho Kristianto , Kusmana  , Lestari Puji , Wardhana I Nyoman Adhi , Suprayogi
Published: July 2023

Genetic diversity analysis is essential for developing newly high-yielding potato varieties along with other important traits. Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers can be robust tools to assess the genetic diversity of this plant species because they are abundant in the genome, codominant, and more accurate than morphological markers. This study was carried out to quantify the genetic divergence of 29 elite potato varieties in Indonesia and 4 clones that originated from the United States using the 12 SSR markers and identify the potential genotypes for potato breeding programs. A total of 136 gene alleles were detected from 12 SSR markers. The number of alleles per marker ranged from 2 to 22, with an average value of 12.8. All SSR markers showed Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) of 0.66-0.92, with an average of 0.80, and an average value of genetic diversity of 0.82, indicating their high suitability for potato diversity studies. Clustering and principal coordinate analysis classified 33 genotypes into three groups with a coefficient of similarity of 0.76, indicating their high genetic variability. All clones originating from the United States belonged to the same group and separated from the other genotypes. This study gives an overview of the genetic diversity of the Indonesian potato and provides an initial basis of selection for appropriate parents to assist breeders efficiently in developing newly potato varieties with desired agricultural traits in Indonesia.
A Prudential Assessment of Islamic Banking System and Sharia Governance Related to the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) in Nigeria
Authors: Sani Jibrin Munubiyyah , Ahmad Nura , Yakasai Umar Musa
Published: July 2023

A regulatory review of Islamic banking laws concept and practice in Nigeria under conventional banking regulatory laws need to be reviewed and investigated. Sharia Regulatory laws have provided sufficient laws and practices for Islamic Financial Institutions to be integrated into Nigeria's existing system of the non-interest bank and Islamic windows. In light of the above, establishing the Financial Regulation Advisory Council of Experts (FRACE), the Advisory Committee of Experts (ACE), the Sharia Advisory Board (SAB), and the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) to promote the Sharia Governance of Islamic Financial Institutions, businesses, and institutions in Nigeria. This employed cognate narrative and approach review to deduce and examine lacunae in the applicable laws and assess the scholarly perception of ethical financing in the Islamic Financial Institutions sector. The study employed Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Consequently, the results revealed the positive relationship between the FRACE, ACE, SAB, and BOFIA in promoting regulatory and prudential assessment toward Sharia Governance of Islamic Financial Institutions in Nigeria. The application of laws and insufficient and inefficacious practice of its application generate an awkward practice of Islamic banking, and its windows in conventional banks and other Islamic financial Institutions are practically concerned and measured for Sharia suitability. Thus, establishment and regulatory laws will enhance Islamic Financial Institution practices and ensure equal treatment and great concern as conventional financial institutions in the country.
Wealth Inequality in Latin America
Authors: Carranza Rafael , De Rosa Mauricio , Flores Ignacio
Published: July 2023

How much wealth has accumulated in the region and how is it distributed across households? Despite being widely recognized for its extreme income inequality, reliable data on wealth is scarce, partial and oftentimes contradictory, making it difficult to answer these basic questions. In this study, we estimate aggregates based on macroeconomic data, and inequality based on recently available surveys. We contrast our results with the literature, with a handful of state-of-the-art estimates from administrative sources, and with more available but extrapolated estimates from Credit Suisse and wid.world. Considering all the evidence, we distinguish reliable facts from what can only be conjectured or speculated. We find that aggregate wealth increased over two decades in four countries, now ranging close to 3.5 the national income for market value estimates and 5-6 times at book values. We also find that wealth inequality is amongst the highest in the world were it can be measured. Given data limitations, one can only speculate about aggregates in opaque countries and about inequality trends in any country in the region. Although recent research in the developed world has focused in combining data sources to better understand wealth, the region lags behind and urgently requires more and better public information.
Methods to compute interesting consequences
Authors: Kulik Boris A.
Published: July 2023

In modern deductive analysis, the main tasks include the following: finding proof of a given statement using axioms and rules of inference and checking the correctness of a given consequence from certain premises. Little is currently known about inference problems with predetermined properties (problems with interesting consequences). There are no clear answers to the following questions: what properties are inherent in an interesting consequence and how to calculate an interesting consequence? To solve these problems, it is proposed to use the methods of n-tuple algebra (NTA) based on properties of the Cartesian product of sets. The objects of NTA are arbitrary n-ary relations, which can be interpreted as the formulas of mathematical logic. They are matrix-like structures which cells do not contain elements, but subsets of the corresponding attributes. In NTA, operations (addition, generalized intersection and generalized union) in the tuple algebra correspond to logical connectives of mathematical logic (negation, conjunction, disjunction), and the generalized inclusion relation corresponds to the derivability relation. The calculation of quantifier operations is performed using operations on attributes (adding a dummy attribute, which corresponds to the generalization rule in predicate calculus, and eliminating an attribute). For two of the four types of NTA structures, the elimination of attributes corresponds to computing the projection of a relation. To derive interesting consequences in NTA, a structure called the minimal consequence is proposed, which is equal to the generalized intersection of premises. Interesting consequences are calculated as projections of the minimal consequence. As a result of calculations and checks, consequences are obtained with a reduced or a given composition of variables, as well as with a reduced amount of notation.
Do Celebrities Want to be Treated Differently in Health System? Using Fame In A Controversial Way
Authors: Yazdi-Feyzabadi Vahid , Shaygani Fatemeh , Delavari Sajad
Published: July 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Out-of-Pocket Expenditures of Myocardial Infarction Patients in Pondicherry, South India
Authors: Sahanaa Chandar , Purty Anil Jacob , Prabakaran Stalin , Arokiaraj Mark Christopher , C H Manjunatha
Published: July 2023

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In India, incidence of MI is rapidly increasing due to lifestyle changes, ageing and rising healthcare costs. The out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) for MI care in India can be substantial, as majority of healthcare costs are paid by patients or their families. However, little is known about the actual OOPE incurred by MI patients in tertiary care centres in Pondicherry, South India. This study aims at estimating the OPPE by MI patients attending the tertiary care centre in Pondicherry. The findings can inform policymakers and healthcare providers in developing interventions to reduce the financial burden of MI care in patients and their families.
Methods: This was a hospital-based, cross–sectional study conducted on patients attending Cardiology's outpatient department OPD, who had myocardial infarction in the past for about 3 months to 3 years at the time of enrolment in the study. A pre-designed and validated questionnaire was used to collect information regarding socio-demographic details and cost of health expenditures (direct medical and non-medical costs and indirect cost for both the participants and caregivers). Data analysis was done using SPSS24 Software. The median and inter-quartile range was used for assessing the cost of health expenditures.
Results: Study participants underwent invasive and non-invasive procedure as part of their management. More than 93% underwent invasive, and the cost ranges from 1,694.03 USD to 2470.00 USD (1,20,000 INR to 1,75,000 INR). They spent 10.58 USD to 21.17 USD (750 INR to 1,500 INR) for their monthly medication. The travel expenses for each follow-up visit were between 5.64 USD to 70.57 USD (400 INR and 5000 INR). The majority of participants received health insurance or reimbursement of 1834 USD (1,30,000 INR) from their firm, 12.7% of the participants  lost a payment of 162 USD to 776.28 USD (11,500 INR – 55,000 INR).
Conclusion: The cost of the invasive procedure for myocardial infarction patients was 1694.03 USD to 2470.00 USD, which was the major share from the out-of-pocket expenditure compared with the other direct and indirect costs.
Proceedings of the 6th Saudi Spine Society Annual Conference on December 2022, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abduljabbar Fahad
Published: July 2023

The 6th Annual Meeting of the Saudi Spine Society (SSS) was held in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, on the 18th–20th of December 2022. The meeting was attended by over 500 participants. The title of the meeting was “Promoting Excellence in Spine Care,” and it was hosted by Dr. Mahdi Bassi, the president of the meeting, and Dr. Fahad Abduljabbar, the chairman of the scientific committee.
The meeting was preceded by five workshops, including Neurolife cervical spine trauma, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, spine radiology for nonradiologists, clinical classification of age-related low back pain, and finally, a hands-on workshop on “Enabling technology in spine surgery: Robotic, navigation and endoscopy.” The main conference was enriched by the participation of nine different national and international societies.
Sixty-four speakers shared their experiences through the conference from different specialties to emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary care in spine surgery. In addition, a special session was dedicated to spine care evolution after the pandemic.
A total of 66 lectures were delivered in addition to 16 podium presentations for the accepted abstracts.
Sociological and Philosophical Aspects of Intergenerational Conflict
Authors: Akimov Rustam A.
Published: July 2023

The problem of intergenerational conflict is considered. The research is carried out in the aspect of sociological knowledge, which focuses on the study of the basic characteristics of the relationship between generations of people, the form of the relationship between generations in historical retrospect and modernity, and philosophical knowledge, which reveals the essential foundations of the relationship between people of different generations. The research focuses on the relations of human generations, a priori including differences in interests, worldviews, meanings and goals of life. In this study, the concept of “generation of people” is used in the meaning of a specific historical, socio-cultural community, with similar cultural and historical experience, born in the same period. The study of intergenerational relations and conflicts is methodologically based on the existing theoretical traditions in sociology, integrating two approaches in the study – conflict, revealing the inequality and contradictions of social groups and interpretive – revealing the understanding of the meanings and goals of social action.
SCIENCE, EDUCATION, WAR - CHALLENGES OF THE TIME
Authors: Strikha M. V.
Published: July 2023

The analytical review of the materials of the ХХ academic readings dedicated to professor V. I. Strikha memory presents the main contents of the reports of the participants on the state of affairs in various fields of modern science, education, the system of scientometric assessment of the scientific level of articles and the problems generated by this, the role of science and education in solving the problems of martial law period and the subsequent post-war recovery, as well as the interaction of science and society as a whole.
Effects of Covid-19 on urban and peri-urban farmers in Central Zimbabwe
Authors:   Midlands State University, Makuvaro V , Maparara T , Mukarati J , Chandiposha M , Chivizhe J , Abel S
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the global economy since its advent in 2020. The agricultural sector is among the sectors that have been significantly affected by the pandemic. The effect of the pandemic in the agriculture sector is cutting across all the value chains inclusive of production, marketing and input supply, among others. In addition, both small-scale and large-scale producers have been affected. This study looks at the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on urban and peri-urban agriculture in Gweru, Zimbabwe with a view to derive lessons that can inform discussion on how the urban and peri-urban farmers can circumvent economic shocks such as COVID-19 in the future. Agriculture in and around urban areas is practised by a significant number of people in some continents including Africa. Urban and peri-urban agriculture has a noticeable contribution to food and nutrition security and has a potential to reduce poverty. Face -to -face interviews were conducted with a total of 40 individual farmers using a structured questionnaire and three virtual focus group discussions were held with a total of 24 farmers. Simple random sampling was used to select participants from a list of farmers provided by the Department of Agricultural Technical and Extension Services. Each member of the population had an equal chance of being selected. The study established that the pandemic has had several effects on these urban and peri-urban farmers including limited access to markets, loss of income, increased cost of farming, competition from non-traditional farmers, adoption of innovative delivery mechanisms, difficulty in accessing inputs and reduced farm labour. Farmers were forced to adopt information technology to enhance communication among themselves and other stakeholders. To protect and safeguard livelihoods within the agricultural system, the study recommends that the government increases spending on social safety nets for urban and peri-urban farmers, reform agricultural finance and improve financial support to smallholder farmers. Key words: COVID-19, Agriculture, Urban, Peri-Urban, Food Security, Information Technology, Safety Nets
Response of common bean genotypes to prevalent Pseudocercospora griseola races causing angular leaf spot in Uganda
Authors:   Makerere University, Kyomugisha P , Kato F ,   International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, Amongi W , Akankunda T ,   Moore College, Ssekamate AM , Mukankusi CM
Published: July 2023

Angular Leaf Spot (ALS) caused by Pseudocercospora griseola is responsible for 54% yield loss in Uganda’s common beans. Host plant resistance is a safe and cost-effective management strategy for this disease. Identification of resistant common bean genotypes to prevailing races is vital to utilize the crop. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify genotypes that are resistant to the commonly occurring and virulent P. griseola races in Uganda for breeding purposes. Twenty-seven common bean genotypes and three control varieties (Mexico54, MCM5001, and CAL96) were screened at field conditions for ALS resistance at testing site (National Agricultural Research Laboratories - Kawanda) under natural disease infection. The genotypes were also evaluated in the screen house using frequently occurring P. griseola races: 61:63, 1:6 and 21:39. Variability in the severity of ALS on both leaves and pods was significant whereas the difference between seasons and the interaction between the seasons and genotypes was only significant for yield. The disease severity scores were higher (mean of 3.2) on leaves than on pods (mean of 2.9). Ninety-three percent, 33.3% and 15% of the genotypes were resistant to P. griseola races 21:39, 1:6 and 61:63, respectively. A large-seeded genotype AFR703 was resistant to all the three P. griseola races. A medium seed size genotype AFR702 and three small seed genotypes (G148, G18842 and G6727) were resistant to both 21:39 and 1:6 but moderate resistance to 61:63 whereas a large-seeded genotype AND279 was resistant to both 61:63 and 21:39 but moderate to 1:6. All of these six genotypes (AFR703, AFR702, G148, G18842, G6727 and AND279) expressed moderate resistance to P. griseola races on leaves under field conditions. Thus, these common bean genotypes could be used as sources of ALS resistance for breeding programs to address the ALS constraint; and genes responsible for resistance have to be characterized. Key words: Pathology, Disease, Resistance, Infection, BALSIT, Pathotypes, Prevalent, Races
Quality of seed lots of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] genotypes produced in a guinea savanna agroecology of Ghana
Authors:   CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Puozaa DK , Oteng-Frimpong R , Lamini S , Kassim YB , Issah AR , Masawudu AR , Denwar NN
Published: July 2023

Crop yield is a derivative of the number of plants harvested. In Ghana, soybean fields are mostly sparsely populated with less than the optimum number of plants, a phenomenon that contributes to poor yields of only 46% of the crop’s potential in farmers’ fields. The low plant population could be the result of the poor quality of the seed planted. Meanwhile, the quality of seed is determined by crop production practices, the environmental conditions of the mother plant, and postharvest handling technologies used. Over 90% of the country’s soybean seed comes from the northern part of Ghana, predominantly the Guinea Savannah. In this study, seed lots of soybean genotypes produced within the Savanna Agroecological Zone of Ghana, were evaluated for physical and physiological traits, and the prevalence of seed borne fungi. Results showed that seed lots produced within the zone and stored under ambient conditions have medium-sized (100 to 140 g/1000 seeds) seeds with an average seed weight of 133 g/1000 seeds. The seed lots evaluated had physical purity values higher than the minimum certification standard of 98% for soybean seed in Ghana. Wrinkled seeds were the most dominant component of the seed with visual defects followed closely by seeds that were discoloured, cracked, and those with purple stains. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosum, Rhizopus sp and Macrophomina phaseolina were the main fungi identified. Furthermore, the seed lots had an average germination percentage of 86%, which is within the acceptable minimum certification standards for soybean seed in Ghana. Though germination and vigour were variable among the seed lots tested, these parameters were not affected by the presence of the fungi species identified and the amount of seed with visual defects. The findings of this study strongly suggest that the low plant density and the resultant poor yields of soybean usually recorded in farmers’ fields in Ghana are likely due to suboptimal seeding rates at planting coupled with the low use of good agronomic practices with only a small fraction attributable to poor seed quality. Key words: Soybean, Ghana, fungi, savanna agroecology, viability, vigour, shrivelled seeds, germination