bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The contribution of coral-reef-derived dimethyl sulfide to aerosol burden over the Great Barrier Reef: a modelling study
Authors: Fiddes Sonya L. , Woodhouse Matthew T. , Utembe Steve , Schofield Robyn , Alexander Simon P. , Alroe Joel , Chambers Scott D. , Chen Zhenyi , Cravigan Luke , Dunne Erin , Humphries Ruhi S. , Johnson Graham , Keywood Melita D. , Lane Todd P. , Miljevic Branka , Omori Yuko , Protat Alain , Ristovski Zoran , Selleck Paul , Swan Hilton B. , Tanimoto Hiroshi , Ward Jason P. , Williams Alastair G.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Coral reefs have been found to produce the sulfur compound dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a climatically relevant aerosol precursor predominantly associated with phytoplankton. Until recently, the role of coral-reef-derived DMS within the climate system had not been quantified. A study preceding the present work found that DMS produced by corals had negligible long-term climatic forcing at the global–regional scale. However, at sub-daily timescales more typically associated with aerosol and cloud formation, the influence of coral-reef-derived DMS on local aerosol radiative effects remains unquantified.
The Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) has been used in this work to study the role of coral-reef-derived DMS at sub-daily timescales for the first time. WRF-Chem was run to coincide with an October 2016 field campaign over the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia, against which the model was evaluated. After updating and scaling the DMS surface water climatology, the model reproduced DMS and sulfur concentrations well. The inclusion of coral-reef-derived DMS resulted in no significant change in sulfate aerosol mass or total aerosol number. Subsequently, no direct or indirect aerosol effects were detected. The results suggest that the co-location of the Great Barrier Reef with significant anthropogenic aerosol sources along the Queensland coast prevents coral-reef-derived aerosol from having a modulating influence on local aerosol burdens in the current climate.
Air pollution measurement errors: Is your data fit for purpose?
Authors: Diez Sebastian , Lacy Stuart , Bannan Thomas , Flynn Michael , Gardiner Tom , Harrison David , Mardsen Nicholas , Martin Nick , Read Katie , Edwards Pete M.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. When making measurements of air quality, having a reliable estimate of the measurement uncertainty is key to assessing the information content that an instrument is capable of providing, and thus its usefulness in a particular application. This is especially important given the widespread emergence of Low Cost Sensors (LCS) to measure air quality. To do this, end users need to clearly identify the data requirements a priori and design quantifiable success criteria by which to judge the data. All measurements suffer from errors, with the degree to which these impact the accuracy of the final data often determined by our ability to identify and correct for them. The advent of LCS has provided a challenge in that many error sources show high spatial and temporal variability, making laboratory derived corrections difficult. Characterizing LCS performance thus currently depends primarily on colocation studies with reference instruments, which are very expensive and do not offer a definitive solution but rather a glimpse of LCS performance in specific conditions over a limited period of time. Despite the limitations, colocation studies do provide useful information on measurement device error structure, but the results are non-trivial to interpret and often difficult to extrapolate to future device performance. A problem that obscures much of the information content of these colocation performance assessments is the exacerbated use of global performance metrics (R2, RMSE, MAE, etc.). Colocation studies are complex and time-consuming, and it is easy to fall into the temptation to only use these metrics when trying to define the most appropriate sensor technology to subsequently use. But the use of these metrics can be limited, and even misleading, restricting our understanding of the error structure and therefore the measurements’ information content. In this work, the nature of common air pollution measurement errors is investigated, and the implications these have on traditional metrics and other empirical, potentially more insightful, approaches to assess measurement performance. With this insight we demonstrate the impact these errors can have on measurements, using a selection of LCS deployed alongside reference measurements as part of the QUANT project, and discuss the implications this has on device end-use.
Simultaneous assimilation of water levels from river gauges and satellite flood maps for near-real-time flood mapping
Authors: Annis Antonio , Nardi Fernando , Castelli Fabio
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Hydro-meteo hazard early warning systems (EWSs) are operating in many regions of the world to mitigate nuisance effects of floods. EWS performances are majorly impacted by the computational burden and complexity affecting flood prediction tools, especially for ungauged catchments that lack adequate river flow gauging stations. Earth observation (EO) systems may integrate the lack of fluvial monitoring systems supporting the setting up of affordable EWSs. But, EO data, constrained by spatial and temporal resolution limitations, are not sufficient alone, especially at medium–small scales. Multiple sources of distributed flood observations need to be used for managing uncertainties of flood models, but this is not a trivial task for EWSs. In this work, a near-real-time flood modelling approach is developed and tested for the simultaneous assimilation of both water level observations and EO-derived flood extents. An integrated physically based flood wave generation and propagation modelling approach, that implements an ensemble Kalman filter, a parsimonious geomorphic rainfall–runoff algorithm (width function instantaneous unit hydrograph, WFIUH) and a quasi-2D hydraulic algorithm, is proposed. An approach for assimilating multiple stage gauge observations is proposed to overcome stability issues related to the updating of the quasi-2D hydraulic model states. Furthermore, a methodology to retrieve distributed observed water depths from satellite images to update 2D hydraulic modelling state variables is implemented. Performances of the proposed approach are tested on a flood event for the Tiber River basin in central Italy. The selected case study shows varying performances depending on whether local and distributed observations are separately or simultaneously assimilated. Results suggest that the injection of multiple data sources into a flexible data assimilation framework constitutes an effective and viable advancement for flood mitigation to tackle EWS uncertainty and numerical stability issues. Specifically, our findings reveal that the simultaneous assimilation of observations from static sensors and satellite images led to an overall improvement of the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) between 5 % and 40 %, the Pearson correlation up to 12 % and bias reduction up to 80 % with respect to the open-loop simulation. Moreover, this combined assimilation allows us to reduce the flood extent uncertainty with respect to the disjoint assimilation simulations for several hours after the satellite image acquisition.
Spatial distribution of groundwater recharge, based on regionalised soil moisture models in Wadi Natuf karst aquifers, Palestine
Authors: Messerschmid Clemens , Aliewi Amjad
Published: February 2022

Abstract. While groundwater recharge is considered fundamental to hydrogeological
insights and basin management and studies on its temporal variability are in great number, much less attention has been paid to its spatial distribution, by comparison. And in ungauged catchments it has rarely been quantified, especially on the catchment scale. For the first time, this study attempts such analysis, in a previously
ungauged basin. Our work is based on the results of field data (as published in Messerschmid et al., 2020) of several soil moisture stations, which represent five geological formations of karst rock in Wadi Natuf, a semi-arid to sub-humid Mediterranean catchment in the occupied Palestinian West Bank. For that purpose, recharge was conceptualised as deep percolation from soil moisture under saturation excess conditions, which had been modelled parsimoniously and separately with different formation-specific recharge rates. For the regionalisation, inductive methods of empirical field measurements
and observations were combined with deductive approaches of extrapolation,
based on a new basin classification framework (BCF) for Wadi Natuf, thus
following the recommendations for hydrological Prediction in Ungauged Basins (PUB), by the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS). Our results show an average annual recharge estimation in Wadi Natuf catchment (103 km2), ranging from 235 to 274 mm (24 to 28×106 m3) per year, equivalent to recharge coefficients (RCs) of 39 %–46 % of average annual precipitation (over a 7-year observation period but representative of long-term conditions as well). Formation-specific RC values, derived from empirical parsimonious soil
moisture models, were regionalised and their spatial distribution was assessed and quantified on the catchment scale. Thus, for the first time, a
fully distributed recharge model in a hitherto entirely ungauged (and karstic) aquifer basin was created that drew on empirical methods and direct approaches. This was done by a novel combination of existing methods and by creating a unified conceptual basin classification framework for different sets of physical basin features. This new regionalisation method is also applicable in many comparable sedimentary basins in the Mediterranean and worldwide.
Adaptive Smoothing of the Ensemble Mean of Climate Model Output for Improved Projections of Future Rainfall
Authors: Jewson Stephen , Barbato Giuliana , Mercogliano Paola , Sassi Maximiliano
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Ensemble simulations of future climate can be described as consisting of a forced climate change response and noise, where the noise arises from internal variability and errors in the different models. In the ensemble mean the noise is reduced, making it easier to identify the mean of the forced response. The noise in the ensemble mean can potentially be reduced further by spatial smoothing, and this potential has been explored by previous authors. Depending on the variable, the resolution and the size of the ensemble it has been reported that the benefit of spatial smoothing of the ensemble mean may be small, and that spatial smoothing may have the unwanted side-effect that it modifies genuine features in the forced response. However, the spatial smoothing methods that have been tested previously used the same degree of smoothing at all locations, which limits their effectiveness. We derive a novel adaptive smoothing methodology for the ensemble mean that utilizes ensemble information with respect to signal, uncertainty and spatial correlations in order to vary the degree of smoothing in space. The methodology corresponds to simple intuitive concepts, such as the idea that locations with higher signal to noise ratio should be smoothed less. We apply the method to EURO-CORDEX simulations of future annual mean rainfall, and by using cross-validation within the ensemble are able to demonstrate a three times greater increase in potential predictive accuracy than from the non-adaptive smoothing methods we compare with. The adaptive smoothing method also preserves sharp features in the ensemble mean to a greater extent than the non-adaptive methods. We conclude that adaptive smoothing may be a useful post-processing tool for improving the potential accuracy of climate projections.
Palestinian Narratives of Silence andConsciousness Raising: A Critical Study of Mourid Barghouti’s Autobiographies
Authors: Ahmed Mavra , Aslam Saiyma
Published: February 2022

Giving voice to suppressed stories and experiences becomes significantly instrumental in defining and shaping the identity and history of the oppressed. In this article, therefore, we study Mourid Barghouti autobiographical narratives, I Saw Ramallah (2005) and I was Born There, I was Born Here (2011), to present and examine the suppression of Palestinians living within Palestine as well as in exile. Our study attempts to give voice to the Palestinians’ daily struggle by documenting their lived stories and experiences. Instead of focusing only on the autobiographer’s excursion, we also explore the characters’ trajectories into consciousness. In order to study how autobiographical narratives have the power to change the self and others, we premise our discussion on the theoretical nexus provided by Sidonie Smith and Julia Watson (2001) and Ken Plummer (1995). With our focus on the producer of the autobiographies, these theorists help us examine how Barghouti actively engages in registering his protest against the silencing of Palestinians in Israel and raising his and his people’s consciousness (together) with that of the rest of the world through the act of reading his life narratives.
Old Wine in a New Bottle: A Mediamorphosis Approach to Realizing Nigerian Newspaper Potentials in an Online Era
Authors: Mohammed Abdullateef
Published: February 2022

Information plays a key role in every society. The media of every society is responsible for transmitting assorted information to a wide range of diverse audiences through multiple channels, including newspapers, magazines, radio, television and of course the new media (internet). In a world where the internet is becoming the fastest growing medium, technologies like computers and smart-phones now enable people access online news sites to read stories and share with others. Printed newspapers, particularly in Nigeria, have managed to thrive over the years, despite projections of its extinction by some communication experts. Using the Mediamorphosis theory as base, this study takes readers on a journey to understanding the survival strategies employed by older mediums like the printed newspapers, to weather the new media storm. Opinions of purposively selected respondents from Zaria, Kaduna state (n=115), who are among consumers of both online and hard-copy news were analysed to determine motives behind their preference of either of the mediums. Findings revealed that in many settings still, there will be those who prefer to read news the old way, and that the new media as at this time, mainly serve as a functional compliment and not an outright replacement to traditional newspapers. The study recommends fact-checking, better marketing as strategies to bridge a credibility gap reported by respondents to exist in the use of both mediums. Keywords: Mediamorphosis, Media Convergence, Newspaper Readership, Nigeria
Yaratılmışların Yaradan ve Yaratılanlara Karşı Tevazu Tavırları
Authors: Gül Sueda
Published: February 2022

Qualifications play a significant role in religions and beliefs. The religion of Islam defines believers with certain characteristics. Patient, resigned, fair, merciful, etc. Most of these characteristics are common in other religions as well, although there are some differences. In this study, the concept of humility, which is one of the basic qualities that Islam emphasizes, is considered a social quality/virtue. Humility, like every virtue/qualification, has situations that shift to excess and understatement. Modesty is the note in the middle of dedication and contemplation in Islamic belief. Humility is knitted in this work as acting in the line drawn by the Creator according to His place and time. The attitudes of humility towards the Creator and other beings are handled one by one and their positive and negative aspects are indicated. Angels, prophets, inanimate beings, animals, and plants show a completely positive attitude towards other beings. In humans and jinn, both positive and negative attitudes emerge, while the devil acts in a completely negative manner. In the study, there are approximately 90 relations of entities in eight categories other than the Creator, item by item. As a result, a graphical template was tried to be drawn for the concept of "humility" as a modeling experiment in light of the findings. As a result of this graphics, it was concluded that the concept of humility would be much more understandable. Keywords: Attitudes of humility, states of humility, humility in Islam, stages of humility, humility among creatures.
Maqasid Al-Shari’ah and The Challenge of Population Control in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Sulaiman Zainab
Published: February 2022

Nigeria is the most populous nation in Africa. It is the most populous black nation in the world. It is also estimated to be the third most populous country in the world by 2050 with a population of 399 million people. In all ramifications, Nigeria’s population is growing faster than development can cater to, faster than resources to maintain it. The predominantly Muslim North constitutes the larger percentage of Nigeria’s population. Thus, it is unsurprising that the region suffers mass poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, and insecurity. This article discussed the issue of overpopulation in northern Nigeria and its adverse effect on the region. Furthermore, the issue of population control within the context of maqasid al-Shari’ah was discussed. The author sought to demonstrate that despite popular opposition within the populace and religious circles in northern Nigeria, there is room for population control within the shariah, and it is in fact encouraged in certain circumstances. Keywords: population, maqasid, shariah, Nigeria, population control
İç Anadolu Bölgesine Yönelik Sağlık Turizmi Alanında 2006-2020 Yılları Arası Yapılmış Tezlerin İçerik Analizi
Authors: ÖZCAN KORKMAZ , ÇAKIR Harun
Published: February 2022

In the field of health tourism, where people prefer to go to another region or country for their health, there have been many studies recently. This study was prepared for the purpose of examining the graduate and doctoral theses of the years 2006-2020 written in the field of health tourism for the Central Anatolia region. Theses published for this purpose; It was classified by content analysis according to type, year, publication languages, universities, departments and institutes. In addition, basic subject areas were determined and information about the sample based on was given. The thesis database of the Council of Higher Education (YÖK) was searched using the keywords "Health Tourism", "Thermal Tourism", "Medical Tourism", "Tourism for the Disabled" and "Tourism for the Elderly". As a result of the research, a total of 26 theses, including 24 master's and 2 doctoral theses, were reached. It was determined that 92.3% of the theses were master's thesis and 7.7% were doctoral thesis. It was seen that 25 (96.15 %) of the theses, which were handled in terms of the language in which they were written, were written in Turkish and 1 (3.85%) were written in English. It was concluded that Konya Selcuk University did the most work, and it was seen that most of the published theses were carried out in the field of thermal tourism, and the subjects were generally discussed in terms of customer satisfaction and service quality. It was determined that the survey data collection tool was mostly used in the studies and the sample group studied was generally composed of health consumers. It is thought that this study will help students and academicians who will work in the field of health tourism. Key words: Health tourism, Central Anatolia Region, Content Analysis, Master Theses, Doctoral Theses.
BERIMAN DAN BERDOA KARENA ALLAH SUATU EKSPOSISI LUKAS 18:1-8
Authors: Lumintang Stevri Indra
Published: February 2022

Karakter janda dalam perumpamaan ini merupakan representatif dari orang-orang pilihan Allah (orang percaya) yang sedang berada dalam dunia. Sekalipun tidak memiliki pengaruh politis, ekonomi, dan sosial, sehingga tidak diperhitungkan dunia (hakim yang lalim), namun mereka diperhatikan oleh Allah secara khusus dalam konteks pemuridan dengan prinsip-prinsip kerajaan Allah. Orang pilihan (orang percaya) yang memang hidup dengan prinsip-prinsip kerajaan Allah pastilah berbeda dengan prinsip-prinsip kerajaan dunia, dan itulah sebabnya mereka menderita. Penderitaan orang pilihan disebabkan oleh karena ketidakadilan dalam dunia. Dalam penderitaan karena ketidakadilan, Tuhan memberikan jaminan bahwa Ia pasti membenarkan atau memberikan keadilan kepada mereka. Jaminan inilah yang sesungguhnya menjadikan orang-orang pilihan bertekun dalam iman mereka kepada Tuhan, dan mengekpresikan ketekunan iman mereka melalui ketekunan atau ketahanan berdoa. Dalam hal ini, Tuhan adalah penyebab orang beriman dan berdoa. Tidak ada alasan atau dasar dari pendoa sehingga doanya terkabalkan, Tuhanlah subjek doa. Tidak seorang pun tahu bagaimana sebenarnya berdoa. Dialah yang sesunguhnya berdoa di dalam dan melalui kita. Melalui Roh Kudus, Ia memimpin kita berdoa sesuai dengan kehendak-Nya, seperti yang Paulus nyatakan sebagai berikut. Roh Kudus menolong kita di dalam kelemahan kita, karena kita tidak tahu bagaimana sebenarnya harus berdoa, tetapi Roh sendiri berdoa untuk kita kepada Allah dengan keluhan-keluhan yang  tidak terucapkan. Dan Allah  yang menyelidiki hati nurani, mengetahui maksud Roh itu, bahwa Ia sesuai dengan kehendak Allah, berdoa untuk orang-orang kudus (Rm 8:26-27).
KEMESIASAN YESUS BERDASARKAN LUKAS 4:18-19 SEBAGAI DASAR HOLISTIC MINISTRY GEREJA
Authors: Latumahina Dina Elisabeth
Published: February 2022

Secara global, masyarakat dunia sedang menghadapi tiga masalah besar yaitu masalah degradasi lingkungan hidup, disintegrasi sosial dan masalah kemiskinan. Yang pertama, masalah degradasi lingkungan hidup. Sumber-sumber daya dunia sedang dihabiskan lebih cepat daripada mereka dapat digantikan. Pencemaran lingkungan dan Global Warming menjadi masalah utama dunia saat ini. Yang kedua, masalah disintegrasi sosial yang telah menghancurkan tatanan masyarakat. Masalah perceraian yang sedang booming, bunuh diri, tawuran, pemakaian obat-obat terlarang yang tidak dapat dibendung lagi. Relasi sosial antar masyarakat telah diwarnai dengan diskriminasi, intimidasi, anarkhisme. Yang ketiga, masalah kemiskinan. Pada dewasa ini dunia menghadapi kenyataan bahwa lebih dari satu milyard umat manusia (seperlima penduduk dunia) hidup dalam kemiskinan yang mutlak dan jumlah bilangan ini terus bertambah. Ada kesenjangan sosial yang semakin melebar antara si kaya dan si miskin. Melihat semua masalah di atas, gereja tentunya tidak boleh menutup mata atau melipat tangan dan mengatakan bahwa itu bukan urusan gereja.
TEOLOGI PAULUS TENTANG KARUNIA-KARUNIA ROH DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI PROBLEMATIKA PNEUMATOLOGIS GEREJA MASA KINI
Authors: Simanjuntak Hotman Parulian
Published: February 2022

Di sepanjang sejarah perkembangan Gereja yang merupakan sejarah perkembangan teologi hingga pada era postmodern ini, para teolog telah banyak melakukan aktivitas atau upaya menafsirkan, merumuskan, mengajarkan dan memberitakan firman Allah (berteologi). Meskipun aktivitas atau upaya tersebut belum menghasilkan rumusan doktrin teologi yang signifikan dan berlaku bagi semua kalangan Gereja. Salah satunya adalah doktrin Pneumatologi yang kembali hangat dibicarakan dan dimonopoli oleh sekelompok Gereja tertentu, sehingga menjadi topik utama  yang dibahas oleh hampir seluruh Gereja di dunia ini, termasuk Gereja-gereja di Indonesia. Misalnya, di kalangan Gereja-gereja Injili, terdapat banyak pandangan yang bukan hanya berbeda dan bertentangan dengan bermuara pada dua kubu polarisasi, yakni kubu neo-Pentakosta dan non-Pentakosta. Inilah isu Pneumatologis yang sangat menonjol baik yang pro dan kontra yaitu isu doktrin karunia-karunia Roh yang mengarah kepada perpecahan jemaat.
INTEGRASI TEOLOGI DAN PSIKOLOGI DALAM PELAYANAN PASTORAL KONSELING KRISTEN
Authors: Mudak Sherly
Published: February 2022

Teologi dan psikologi merupakan dua ilmu yang sangat berbeda sehingga tindakan untuk mengintegrasikan teologi dan psikologi bukan masalah yang mudah. Meskipun memiliki tujuan yang terbaik untuk tetap alkitabiah, namun sangatlah tidak mudah untuk mengakui konsep-konsep psikologi atau pemikiran yang berkompromi dengan isi Alkitab. Akibat yang biasa dilakukan namun berbahaya adalah kecenderungan melihat kepada ajaran Alkitab melalui kacamata psikologi sementara kebutuhan kritis adalah melihat kepada psikologi melalui pandangan atau ajaran Alkitab. Teologi (dalam hal ini teologi Kristen) atau kekristenan dan psikologi dapat diintegrasikan, asalkan psikologi berada di bawah otoritas Alkitab. Dengan berotoritaskan Alkitab, maka apabila ajaran Alkitab mengalami konflik dengan konsep atau ajaran apapun, ajaran Alkitab akan tetap diterima sebagai kebenaran karena Alkitab adalah penyataan Allah yang tidak dapat salah. Sedangkan jika konsep lain, sekalipun didukung oleh penelitian ilmiah tetapi jika tidak sesuai dengan kebenaran Alkitab, maka tidak dapat diterima sebagai kebenaran. Dengan berlandaskan kepada Allah dan penyataan-Nya kepada manusia baik itu penyataan khusus maupun penyataan umum, integrasi teologi dan psikologi sesuai dengan perspektif Alkitab yaitu melayani dan memandang manusia ciptaan Allah sebagai satu keutuhan. Dengan demikian konselor Kristen dapat menerima psikologi hanya jika aspek-aspeknya selaras dengan kebenaran Alkitab dan juga sebaliknya. Maka di dalam memformulasikan proses integrasi antara teologi dan psikologi harus diperhatikan bahwa, sangat tidak beralasan bagi orang Kristen untuk menolak semua hal tentang psikologi yang dibangun di atas dasar ilmu pengetahuan, sebaliknya tidak ada alasan untuk menolak kekristenan hanya karena berlandaskan pada Alkitab. Masalah dalam integrasi, khususnya dalam bidang theologia dan psikologi adalah bagaimana membawa kebenaran Allah, dari segala bidang yang diciptakan-Nya, untuk menunjang karya-Nya atas umat manusia secara utuh.
HAKEKAT MISI YESUS KEPADA PARA MURID DALAM MATIUS 10:1-15 SEBAGAI DASAR MISI GEREJA DALAM MENJALANKAN MISI ALLAH
Authors: Rohi Yohanis Udju
Published: February 2022

Kedatangan Yesus ke dunia memiliki misi yang jelas, di mana Yesus datang untuk menyatakan kasih Allah yang menyelamatkan. Gereja sebagai tubuh Kristus bukan hanya diselamatkan tetapi juga dipanggil untuk menjadi pembawa berita keselamatan bagi orang yang belum percaya kepada Tuhan Yesus sebagai Tuhan dan Juruselamat pribadinya. Oleh karena itu gereja harus memiliki dasar pemahaman dan praktek misi yang benar sesuai dengan misi Yesus yang juga adalah misi Allah.
Management of Menstrual Hygiene among School-Going Adolescent Girls in an Informal Settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mokaya Joy N. , Muiruri Mary , Ongecha Francisca
Published: February 2022

Puberty is a critical stage for key social-emotional changes and intellectual developments in the transition to adulthood. The lack of knowledge about menstruation and the inefficiency of resources to properly manage body changes consequently leads to anxiety and fear during the transition for some adolescents, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Every girl needs to have access to learning, wellbeing, and future forecasts about menstruation and guidance towards effective menstrual hygiene management. Several adolescent girls and women in informal settlements have a partial understanding of their bodies’ growth and development. Therefore, this study aims to assess the management of menstrual hygiene among school-going adolescent girls in Kibera, Nairobi City County, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used with cluster sampling in the selection of schools and a purposive sampling to recruit respondents for the study. A self-designed structured questionnaire, interview study guide, and an observation checklist were used. The data findings were analyzed using SPSS version 23. The study was conducted among 442 adolescent girls from 22 primary schools who resided in the area when the study was carried out. 80% of school-age adolescent girls in Kibera have general knowledge of menstruation being a normal process for the transition of every girl into womanhood. On the contrary, 20% consider it culturally unclean, as menstruation is still considered a taboo. Almost 98.8% of adolescents use some form of menstrual absorbent material, with 86% using a sanitary pad during menstruation. Most schools had separate toilets for boys and girls. Due to COVID-19 protocols, 96% of schools had a handwashing facility equipped with soap and water. However, 80% of the schools did not have water for menstrual hygiene. The findings of the study in Kibera recommend that schools introduce a specific reproductive health study guide to be incorporated for teaching menstruation in schools.

Key words: Menstruation, school-going adolescents, management of menstrual hygiene.
Effect of Square-Stepping Exercise in Improving Lower Extremity Strength, Cadence and Confidence among Female Geriatric Population
Authors: Thachil Arun , Thomas Leya
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: Falls are frequent among elderly people. Fear of falling can become incapacitating and predisposes people who perceive themselves at risk of falling to inactivity, which itself can lead to problems of debilitation, increased handicap, and disability. Due to fear of fall, the elderly develop social isolation, a reduction in their confidence to accomplish normal activities of daily living, and mobility problems, and adopt an inactive life style, functional decline, resulting in institutionalization. Parameters like lower extremity strength, cadence and confidence are important for fall prevention. This study was designed to investigate effect of Square- Stepping Exercise (SSE) in improving lower extremity strength, cadence and confidence among female geriatric population.
Methodology: 30 subjects from 1) FCC Convent & Assissi old age home, and 2) Mundakapadam Agathimandiram, were recruited for the study through convenient sampling. Activities- specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale questionnaire was taken as an inclusion criteria and those who score below 80% was considered to be included in the study. After baseline measurement, 30 subjects satisfying the inclusion criteria were assigned into either a control group (Group A, n=15) and experimental group (Group B, n=15). Pre-test analysis was performed for both groups for lower extremity strength using hand-held dynamometer, cadence using 10 M walk test and confidence using ABC Scale questionnaire sheets. Experimental group received SSE in addition to conventional exercise whereas; control group received conventional exercise for 4 weeks. Post-test analysis was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed. Paired t test analysed the within group changes, independent t test was used to compare the changes between the group. Level of significance was kept at p≤0.05.
Results: There was a significant improvement in lower extremity strength, cadence and confidence within group analysis. While comparing the control and experimental group, the experimental group showed a high significant difference (p<0.05) in lower extremity strength and confidence. Cadence shown no significant difference (p>0.05) between the group analysis.
Conclusion: This study revealed that Square-stepping exercise provided a significant improvement in lower extremity strength and confidence with p≤0.05. Improvement in these physical parameters will reduce the risk of fall in young-old female geriatric population. SSE is safe to administer and advantageous to prevent falls.

Key words: Square stepping exercise; Older adults; Fall; Fear of fall; Balance confidence; Strength; Cadence.
The Effectiveness of Application Discovery Learning Model of Multiple Intelligences-Based on Science Critical Thinking Skills in Grade V Elementary School Students in Buton Regency
Authors: Suwardi Erman , Rusilowati Ani , Wardani Sri
Published: February 2022

This research was conducted based on the results of observations and interviews on the low critical thinking skills of students in elementary school cluster 9 Pasawajo sub-district which had an impact on student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the effectiveness of the multiple intelligences-based discovery learning model with the discovery learning model on the science critical thinking skills of fifth grade elementary school students. This type of research uses quantitative methods with a quasi experimental design that applies experimental and control classes. Data collection techniques were carried out by observing, giving tests, student response questionnaires and documentation. The samples of this study were the fifth grade students of SDN 113 Buton as the experimental class and the fifth grade students of SDN 91 Buton as the control class. The research instrument was conducted by first analyzing the results of the test trials including the validity of the reliability, the level of difficulty, and the differentiating power of the questions. The data analysis technique used was normality test, homogeneity test, completeness test and hypothesis testing using independent sample t-test after which the gain test is carried out. The results of the study can be concluded that there was a significant difference in the effectiveness of students' critical thinking skills between the multiple intelligences-based discovery learning model and the discovery learning model. The results of the average difference test using the independent sample t-test obtained a sig value. (2-tailed) the experimental and control classes were 0.000 < 0.05, so Reject H0 which means that there are differences in critical thinking skills. The results of classical completeness using the Z test obtained that the experimental class achieved more than 75% completeness and the control class was less than 75%. The data results from the experimental class gain test obtained a gain value of 0.56 higher than the control class with a value of 0.42 even though both classes were in the medium gain category, but the experimental class increased higher than the control class.

Keywords: discovery learning Model, multiple intelligences, critical thinking ability, learning science.
Development of Interactive E-books on Plane Figures Materials to Improve Problem Solving Ability of Grade IV Students
Authors: Setiyanigrum Rahma , Susilaningsih Endang , Setyaningsih Nas Haryati
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze content validity, practicality, readability, effectiveness, and student responses using an interactive e-book of plane figures materials designed to improve the problem-solving abilities of fourth grade students. This research is Research and Development (R&D) with ADDIE design which includes five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The interactive e-book was validated by two validators, namely material experts and media experts. The small scale trial involved six fifth grade students of SD 1 Pasuruhan Lor, the large scale trial involved 38 fourth grade students of SD 1 and SD 2 Pasuruan Lor. Interviews, questionnaires, and tests were all used to collect data. The results showed that the content validity was 86.67% with very good criteria for material expert validators and 96.49% with very valid criteria for media expert validators. Readability is 63.13% with easy to understand criteria. Practicality is 89.41% with very practical criteria according to the results of teacher practicality questionnaires, and 93.29% with very practical criteria according to student practicality questionnaires. The effectiveness is determined by the classical completeness score of 76.32% > 75% and the N-gain value of 1.49 with very high criteria. Students responses to interactive e-books is 92.42% with very good criteria. Based on the results of the research, it can be stated that the development of an interactive e-book of plane figures materials to improve the problem-solving abilities s of fourth grade students is valid, readable, practical, effective, and gets a good response from students.

Keywords: Interactive e-book, Circumference and Area, Problem Solving Skills.
The Effect of Work Conflict and Work Stress on Turnover Intention of Hotel Employees
Authors: Syahruddin Akhyar Aprian
Published: February 2022

High turnover intention in employees will have a negative impact on a company which results in ineffective productivity and company resources. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of work conflict and work stress on turnover intention of hotel employees. The sample in this study are hotel employees who work in Makassar City with a total of 70 respondents. Collecting data by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale with 5 points to measure 19 indicators. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that work conflict and work stress together affect turnover intention. work conflict had a positive and significant effect on turnover intention. Work stress has a positive and significant effect on turnover intention.

Keywords: turnover intention, work conflict, work stress.
Pengaruh Strategi Promosi dan Brand Awareness terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Fore Coffee Di Cipete
Authors: Wibisana Yanuar
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh Strategi Promosi dan Brand Awareness Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Di Fore Coffe  Cipete. Penelitian ini di lakukan pada bulan Agustus 2019 melalui bantuan Google Form(Kuesioner Online). Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah konsumen Fore Coffe  di daerah Jakarta Selatan khususnya di daerah Cipete.  Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui kuesioner online tentang strategi promosi dan brand awareness kepada 100 responden. Metode pengujian instrument yang digunakan adalah pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik deskriptif kuantitatif, analisis regresi linier berganda dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam strategi promosi dan brand awareness fore coffe memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian..
Pengaruh Sistem Antrian dan Tata Letak Mesin Ordering Kios K terhadap Kualitas Layanan Konsumen pada Restaurant Mcdonald’s Bintaro
Authors: Rasyid Erwin
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh sistem antrian dan tata letak mesin ordering kios k terhadap kualitas pelayanan konsumen baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan pada restaurant McDonald’s Bintaro. Variabel penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel bebas, yaitu system antrian (X1) tata letak mesin ordering (X2) dan variabel terikat dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitas pelayanan konsumen (Y). Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang didapat dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden dan wawancara, sedangkan data sekunder didapat dari beberapa literature yang relevan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan melakukan uji instrument yang meliputi uji validitas dan uji realibilitas. Yang dilanjutkan dengan uji asumsi klasik yang terdiri dari uji normalitas data, uji multikolinearitas dan uji heteroskedastisitas yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis data dengan mengigunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen dari restaurant McDonald’s Bintaro sebanyak 80 responden. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara parsial maupun simultan variable system antrian dan tata letak mesin ordering berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas pelayanan konsumen.
Pengaruh BI Rate dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah-USD Terhadap Investasi LQ45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2009-2015
Authors: Saptoprijono Albertus
Published: February 2022

Pendahuluan : Pasar modal yang ada di Indonesia merupakan pasar yang sedang berkembang, yang dalam perkembangannya sangat rentan terhadap kondisi makroekonomi secara umum. Pasar modal adalah “Tempat terjadinya transaksi aset keuangan jangka panjang atau long-term financial assets.
Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian ini untuk nilai tukar Rupiah dalam Dolar AS terhadap harga saham LQ45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia baik sebagian atau bersamaan dengan batasan waktu pada periode tahun 2009 hingga 2015.
Metode : dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif, yaitu metode penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menjelaskan terlebih dahulu kondisi objek penelitian atau perusahaan yang diteliti berdasarkan fakta dan data yang tersedia untuk fakta. Untuk menguji hipotesis metode yang berlaku adalah regresi linier berganda menggunakan program Paket Statistik untuk Ilmu Sosial (SPSS) versi 24 dengan metode Enter. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purpose sampling di mana terdapat 20 (dua puluh) perusahaan yang masuk dan terdaftar selama 14 tahun (empat belas) dalam indeks LQ45 Bursa Efek Indonesia.
Hasil : Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa data telah bertemu secara klasik seperti data distribusi normal, tidak ada multikolinearitas, tidak ada heteroscedasticity, dan tidak ada autokorelasi.
Kesimpulan : hasil analisis regresi linier dapat suku bunga variabel parsial dan simultan Bank Indonesia dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah dalam Dolar AS tidak mempengaruhi harga saham LQ45. Koofesien yang menentukan harga saham-LQ45 berarti sebesar 0,2% yang berarti bahwa suku bunga Bank Indonesia dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah terhadap Dolar AS memberikan Pengaruh pada Harga Saham LQ45, sedangkan selisihnya adalah 99,8% oleh variabel lain yang tidak ada dalam penelitian.
Penerapan Risk Management Operational dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Mutu Pelayanan Di PT.UOB Property Jakarta
Authors: Chaerudin Iman
Published: February 2022

Pendahuluan : Penerapan manajemen risiko operasional pada objek properti sangat penting dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan agar penyewa lebih nyaman sehingga mereka terus menyewa tempat tersebut.
Tujuan : Tujuannya untuk mengetahui risiko operasional bangunan pada divisi Tenant Relations, Engineering, housekeeping dan security serta ingin mengetahui hubungan keempat divisi tersebut dengan kualitas pelayanan. Metode : Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT UOB PROPERTY dengan gedung UOB Plaza di Jakarta dengan populasi 35 tenant dan mengambil sampel 25 responden dengan menggunakan studi langsung dalam studi lapangan dan literatur, sedangkan untuk mengetahui hubungan keempat divisi dengan Spss 24 dengan menggunakan teknik sample random sampling dengan 25 responden.
Hasil : Dari klasifikasi level dan dampak pada resiko operasional divisi engineering pihak management memberikan kebijakan seperti update Standart operational procedure (SOP) dalam melakukan pekerjaan operasional dan preventive serta korektiv, diadakan training rutin baik teknis ataupun non teknis secara berkala, upgrade peralatan atau tools dengan menggunakan teknologi yang up to date sehingga memudahkan operasional, pembelian seragam baru secara berkala.
Kesimpulan : Terdapat resiko operasional level dan dampak low, medium dan high pada penerapan risk management operasional pada div.TR, Eng, HK dan security terhadap mutu pelayanan. Kebijakan utama yang dihasilkan untuk semua divisi antara lain update Standard operation of procedure (SOP), meeting koordinasi antar divisi, diadakan training sesuai kebutuhan tiap divisi. Resiko operasional yang sangat berdampak besar pada divisi Engineering berdasarkan analisis risk management operational.
Analisis Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Departemen Penjualan di PT.Sumbermulia Hasilguna Jakarta
Authors: Lwanga Tindra Matutino Kinarsih Carolus
Published: February 2022

Pendahuluan : Kemampuan suatu perusahaan untuk berkembang sangat bergantung pada kemampuan sumber daya manusia dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya yang ada di perusahaan. Keberhasilan seluruh pelaksanaan tugas-tugas kerja suatu perusahaan sangat ditentukan oleh tersedianya sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas.
Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti dan menganalisis pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT Sumbermulia Hasilguna Jakarta.
Metode : Data yang dikumpulkan melalui distribusi kuesioner dan diimplementasikan kepada 58 karyawan PT Sumbermulia Hasilguna Jakarta. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan bantuan SPSS versi 20. Teknik sampling menggunakan metode sensus dan teknik tes data yang digunakan dalam penelitian termasuk uji validitas berdasarkan analisis faktor, uji keandalan dengan cronbach. Tes asumsi klasik dan analisis regresi linier yang berlipat ganda, untuk memverifikasi dan membuktikan hipoteis penelitian.
Hasil : Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan tidak memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja dan motivasi karyawan memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Kesimpulan : Namun, berdasarkan hasil tes yang dilakukan oleh tes simultan (F test) menunjukkan bahwa variabel gratis secara keseluruhan Leadership Style (X1) dan Motivation (X2) bersama-sama memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Nilai R Square adalah 0,579, yang berarti bahwa Gaya Kepemimpinan (X1) dan Motivasi (X2) bersama-sama mampu menjelaskan variabel Kinerja Karyawan sama dengan 57,9% sedangkan sisanya sama dengan 42,1% adalah variabel yang tidak diusulkan dalam penelitian ini.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Di PT Hutchison 3 Indonesia
Authors: Abadi Siregar Mayer
Published: February 2022

Pendahuluan : Kualitas layanan kepada pelanggan memiliki peran yang sangat penting. PT Hutchison Tri Indonesia yang bergerak di bidang jasa telekomunikasi, maka untuk meningkatkan kualitas bentuk layanan manajemen untuk 3Store, penerapan konsep baru tersebut masih belum pasti apakah dapat meningkatkan kualitas layanan atau sebaliknya. Dengan konsep yang sangat berbeda menimbulkan pro dan kontra dari pelanggan. Masalah yang harus dipelajari adalah "Apakah kualitas layanan mempengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan di 3Store Ambasador dalam hal lima variabel kualitas layanan yaitu: bukti fisik, keandalan, jaminan, responsivitas, dan empati.
Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kualitas layanan dengan konsep baru yang mempengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan 3Store Ambasador. Metode : Hipotesis dalam penelitian ini kualitas layanan yang terdiri dari variabel bukti fisik, keandalan, jaminan, responsivitas, dan empati memiliki efek signifikan pada kepuasan pelanggan 3Store Ambasador. Metode pengumpulan data untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan kuesioner yang ditujukan kepada 100 responden pelanggan 3Store Ambasador.
Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil t-test, setiap variabel independen yaitu bukti fisik, keandalan, responsif, jaminan, dan empati memiliki efek positif pada kepuasan pelanggan variabel (Y), yang paling berpengaruh adalah variabel jaminan, kesimpulan dari hipotesis bernomor ditolak dan hipotesis nol diterima.
Kesimpulan : Adanya pengaruh secara signifikan antara kualitas pelayanan dengan konsep baru terhadap kenyamanan pelanggan dan kepuasan pelanggan. Perubahan konsep ini berhasil walaupun diperkecil dari segi tampilan tetapi pelanggan tetap merasa puas dengan kualitas pelayanannya.