bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optical Correlation with Light of Tunable Wavelength
Authors: Hinsch K. , Marowsky G.
Published: February 2015

A novel method is described for compensation of size variations in the input pattern of an optical correlator for pattern recognition by appropriate adjustment of the reconstruction wavelength. Simple ring-shaped patterns of variable diameter have been optically cross-correlated. Using a tunable dye laser of narrow bandwidth, the correlator output was analyzed for various combinations of size and wavelength to show the performance of the method.
Dielectric Behaviour in the MHz range of cis-bis (glycynato)Cu(II) monohydrate and (glycylglycinato)Cu(II) trihydrate in Water
Authors: Sakellaridis P. U. , Karageorgopoulos E. K.
Published: February 2015

The dielectric properties of Cu(gly)2 and Cu(glygly) in diluted aqueous solution were examined in the MHz range at 273 to 313 K. The complexes exhibit dielectric absorption in the ranges 5.09X107 to 9.34X107 Hz and 4.63X107 to 8.01X107 Hz, respectively, depending on concentration and temperature. This absorption was attributed to rotational relaxation of the unhydrated and monohydrated complexes. The following data for the two complexes in solution at 293 K have been obtained, respectively: dipole moment 19.3 D and 34.0 D, charge separation 2.01 A and 3.54 Å, relaxation time 2.3X10-9 sec and 2.6X10-9 sec, molecular radius 6.36 Å and 6.47 Å, activation energy for the relaxation process 5.6 kcal mole-1 for both complexes.
Dynamical Dielectric Instability of the Ferroelectric AgNa(NO2)2
Authors: Grossmann J. , Müller D. , Petersson J.
Published: February 2015

The characteristic ferroelectric dispersion of the complex dielectric constant of AgNa(NO2)2 is measured in a wide temperature range enclosing the transition point. It can be well described by a Debye monodispersive process except for a small temperature intervall around Tc . The relaxation strength obeys a Curie-Weiss law in the paraelectric phase, whereas in the ferroelectric phase there are deviations from this behaviour. A first order phase transition is observed which is close to a second order one. The maximum value of the dielectric constant at Tc is 104.
Monte-Carlo Simulation of Nitrogen
Authors: Romano S.
Published: February 2015

The subject of the present paper is computer simulation of a-solid and liquid nitrogen, using a Lennard-Jones atom-atom potential and the isothermal-isobaric Monte-Carlo method. Two sets of calculations were performed, both at the same pressure (1 atm) and temperatures (a-solid at 25 and 35.6 K, liquid at 63.15 and 77.35 K). In the first set the molecules are assumed to be rigid, whereas in the second they are allowed to vibrate; the molecular vibration is treated classically and as-sumed to be harmonic. Comparison are mode between the two models and with experiment.
The Other Rotamer of Formic Acid, cis-HCOOH1
Authors: Hocking William H.
Published: February 2015

The rotational spectrum of the planar cis rotamer of formic acid, cis-HCOOH, has been detected for the first time. Twenty transitions belonging to the qRK,
qQ1, qQ2 , rP0 , rP1,
rP2 branches of the parent isotopic species in its ground state have been assigned and measured. The rotational constants and quartic centrifugal distortion constants have been determined using Watson's reduced Hamiltonian. Stark effect measurements have yielded the molecular electric dipole moment: μa= 2.65(1) D, μb = 2.71(1) D and , μ= 3.79(1) D. The energy difference between the ground vibrational states of cis-and trans-HCOOH has been determined by microwave relative intensity measurements. The cis rotamer is found to lie at higher energy than the trans rotamer by 1365 ± 30 cm-1 . A one dimensional potential energy curve has been calculated for the OH torsional vibration of formic acid.
The Problem of Radiation Reaction in Classical Electrodynamics
Authors: Sorg M.
Published: February 2015

A new covariant theory of the classical radiating electron is compared with other radiation reaction theories: On the one hand, the new theory can be deduced from Caldirola's finite-dif-ferences theory by suitable approximations; on the other hand, the Lorentz-Dirac theory and the theory of Mo and Papas are shown to be approximative forms of the new theory. The latter is free from the difficulties of the other theories: there are no undetermined internal oscillations, no runaway solutions and pre-acceleration effects, and radiation reaction exists in the case of one-dimensional motion. The general energy-momentum balance is studied, and the implications of the existence of radiation reaction in a static constant force field are discussed with regard to the principle of equivalence.
Electromagnetic Foundation of the Mo-Papas Theory
Authors: Sorg M.
Published: February 2015

Dirac's method for deriving an equation of motion of the radiating electron is used to deduce from Maxwell's theory the Mo-Papas equation in place of the Lorentz-Dirac equation. The emergence of the Schott term is avoided by means of a suitable assumption about the extension of the electron in space-time. Since one deals in this approach with a finite-size particle, no infinite terms arise in connection with the particle's mass. Moreover, asymptotic conditions are not necessary, neither in the derivation of the equation of motion nor in determining its solutions.
Geometrodynamik
Authors: Vollendorf F.
Published: February 2015

This article is based upon the idea to solve the problem of combining the electromagnetic and the gravitational field by starting from Maxwell's theory. It is shown that the theory of the Maxwell field can be generalized in such a way that Einstein's theory of gravitation becomes a special case of it. Finally we find field equations which refer only to geometric quantities.
Ermittlung der Dissoziationsenergie von AlO über die Normtemperaturmethode
Authors: Frank P. , Krauss L.
Published: February 2015

An Al vapour cloud (~1 μg) is generated between Al electrodes of a 10 kV transient spark (1 μs duration) in an environmental atmosphere of pure oxygen. During the cooling-down period of the so formed Al/O-plasma, the reaction Al + O + M -> AlO + M is observed. It can be shown that the conditions within the limited reacting gas volume may be considered as quasi-stationary and hence the laws of chemical equilibrium for computing number densities of atoms and molecules may be applied. The emissivity εrel (radiation per unit volume) of the AlO B2 Σ → 2Σ system at 4842 Å and the gas temperature of the decaying plasma are recorded in terms of a laboratory time scale. The maximum of εrel (normalized maximum) may be correlated to the dissociation energy of AlO, yielding 5.17 ±0.3 eV. Effects of dilution, the pressure influence as well as the vibrational relaxation of AlO during its formation are considered and included in the calculations.
Vibrational Energy Transfer in Silane and Silane Mixtures
Authors: Janiesch Willi , Ulrich Helmut , Hess Peter
Published: February 2015

The vibrational relaxation time for pure SiH4 is 0.10, 0.083 and 0.072 μsec atm (±30%) at 295 K, 375 K and 462 K. For SiH4 diluted in He, D2 and H2 the corresponding numbers are 0.16, 0.081 and 0.031 μsec atm (± 30%) at 295 K. The binary two-level theory has been used to deter-mine the four V -R, T rates in the system SiH4 -CH4, and the rate for V-V exchange between SiH4 and CH4 from experimental data. From the Schwartz-Slawsky-Herzfeld-formula for V -T and V -V, T processes an equation is derived describing V -R and V -V, R energy exchange. The different models are compared with experimental data, especially with those found for the system SiH4 -CH4.
Meaningless Questions in Cosmology and Relativistic Astrophysics
Authors: Heller M. , Reinhardt M.
Published: February 2015

After a general classification of meaningless questions in science we concentrate on empirically meaningless questions. Introducing the concepts of informationally connected, semiconnected and disconnected observers, a formalism for the analysis of the informational structure of space-time is developed. We discuss some problems of epistemological nature in cosmology and blade hole physics. A number of questions like "What was 'before' the initial singularity of the universe?" or "What is the fate of matter in gravitational collapse inside the event horizon?" turn out to be empirically meaningless. We also show that a "wormhole" does not violate causality for the set of informationally connected observers who do not enter it.
Equilibrium and Stability of a Three-Dimensional Toroidal MHD Configuration Near its Magnetic Axis
Authors: Lortz D. , Nührenberg J.
Published: February 2015

The expansion of a three-dimensional toroidal magnetohydrostatic equilibrium around its magnetic axis is reconsidered. Equilibrium and stability plasma-β estimates are obtained in connection with a discussion of stagnation points occurring in the third-order flux surfaces. The stability criteria entering the β-estimates are: (i) a necessary criterion for localized disturbances, (ii) a new sufficient criterion for configurations without longitudinal current. Hamada coordinates are used to evaluate these criteria.
Schlieren Measurements of a High Density Z-Pinch
Authors: Finken K. H. , Bertschinger G. , Hornady R. S.
Published: February 2015

The dense plasma phase of a dynamic z-pinch working at a high filling pressure is studied. By using the Schlieren-technique it is found that the compressed plasma column, though macroscopically stable for times less than 1 μs develops quickly from a homogeneous state to a turbulent one with a perturbation scale length of typically some millimeters. Quantitative measurements of light deflection give electron densities of typically 1019 cm-3 at 0.25 Torr He filling.
Chemisorption on a Model Transition Metal
Authors: Masuda Kin-ichi
Published: February 2015

The effect of chemisorption on the (100) surface of a model transition metal is investigated using Green's functions coupled with the phase shift technique. A change in the electronic density of states (DOS) is obtained for two different binding sites, the on-site and the bridge-site; strong steric-effects are present. The importance of the substrate DOS for chemisorption is pointed out.
Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen im 7-Azaindol und im 1-Azacarbazol / Hydrogen Bonding in 7-Azaindole and 1-Azacarbazole
Authors: Stäglich P. , Zander M.
Published: February 2015

Hydrogen Bonding in 7-Azaindole and 1-Azacarbazole Infrared spectra of 7-azaindole, 1-azacarbazole, and their N-deuterated species have been measured in the solid state and in solution. Complicated band splitting observed in the region of 3000 cm-1 is explained by interaction of the N-H stretching vibrations of the cyclic dimers with different overtone and combination vibrations due to Fermi resonance.
Invalidity of Vonsovsky's Results on the Ferromagnetic Anomaly of the Work Function
Authors: Bettermann N.
Published: February 2015

The theoretical result on the ferromagnetic anomaly of the work function by Vonsovsky and Sokolov is shown to be invalid. A consistent derivation within this model leads to no anomaly at the Curie point.
Selected-Area Diffraction in the Shadow Electron Microscope
Authors: Dowell W. C. T.
Published: February 2015

A method of performing selected-area diffraction in the shadow electron microscope is described. The procedure is simple and the diffracting region is accurately located.
Interpretation of the Structure of LEED Intensity Spectra in τ-Matrix Approximation for the Platinum (100) Surface
Authors: Heinz K. , Lieske N. , Müller K.
Published: February 2015

LEED intensity spectra of the clean (00 and ⅕ 0 beams) and cesium covered (½ 0 beam) Pt(100) surface at normal or nearly normal incidence are compared with a double diffraction approach developed for the scattering process. A second order scattering approach is always restricted to cases where strong attenuation or weak scattering of the propagating electrons can be assumed. The comparison shows that many (but not all) intensity features of Pt(100) can be attributed to first and second order scattering processes only. Some of the maxima are likely to represent resonances. For proper assignment an effective inner potential is chosen that accounts for slowly varying dynamical effects as well as distortions of the crystal. The approach reveals only interpretations rather than predictions. However, it needs nearly no computational effort.
The Proton Distribution in Ice —Ih Investigated by Light Scattering
Authors: Claus R. , Plagge W. , Bilgram J.
Published: February 2015

Oriented single crystalline samples of Ih-ice have been investigated by light scattering. The lade of observable phonon directional dispersion effects shows that ferroelectric domains with dimensions of the order of light wave lengths as stated earlier in the literature, do not exist. The depolarization ratio of the phonons originating from O-H stretching vibrations is found to be independent of the wave vector direction. This demonstrates clearly that the proton distribution is statistical.
109Ag Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Organic and Inorganic Silver Complexes
Authors: Jucker K. , Sahm W. , Schwenk A.
Published: February 2015

The NMR lines of 109Ag have been investigated in solutions of several silver salts in acetonitrile, propionitrile, pyridine, and ethylenediamine, and also in aqueous solutions of Na2S2O3 and ethyl-amine. In these solvents the Ag+ -ions form one or several complexes. In any case a single NMR line was to be detected, i. e. a rapid chemical exchange between different complexes in a sample may be assumed. The concentration dependence of the chemical shifts was determined with high accuracy for these solutions. From these results the chemical shift data of some defined complexes were derived. The chemical shifts of mixtures of AgCl and AgBr and also of AgCl and Agl dissolved in 70% aqueous solution of ethylamine are linear functions of the anions mole fraction. In two samples of AgNO3 dissolved in organic solvents, the ratio υ(109Ag)/υ(107Ag) = 1.149 640 (1) was measured in good agreement with the value from silver salts in aqueous solutions; i. e. no primary isotopic effect was to be detected within these limits of error (0.9 ppm).
Simple Semiempirical Method of Calculating van der Waals Interactions in Thin Films from Lifshitz Theory
Authors: Vassilieff Chr. St. , Ivanov I. B.
Published: February 2015

The influence of different representations of the dispersion dependence ε (i ξ) on calculating van der Waals interactions from Lifshitz theory is studied. It is shown that with satisfactory accuracy ε (i ξ) can be described by means of Krupp's empirical formula [ε (i ξ) -1]/[ε (i ξ) +1] = a · exp(-b ξ). Making use of that formula a simple expression for the Hamaker function A (h, T) is obtained. Numerical calculations are carried out, the results being compared with those of other authors and with experimental data.
Infrared-Microwave Double Resonance and Double Photon Transitions in FCN
Authors: Jones Harold
Published: February 2015

The utility of a conventional microwave spectrometer in determining the relative disposition of a CO2 -laser line and a molecular transition and ultimately the exact frequency of an infrared transition, is demonstrated by making use of three non-linear spectroscopic effects, high frequency Stark effect, IR-MW double resonance and IR-MW double photon transitions. New situations are encountered in the production of the double photon transitions and the observation of the high frequency Stark effect. From a combination of the double photon transitions with double resonance signals produced in single d. c. Stark components it was concluded that the R (2) transition of the υ1 band of the linear molecule FCN lies 104 ± 15 MHz lower in frequency than the R(20), 9.4 μm CO2 -laser line i.e. R(2) transition = 1079.58711 ± 0.0005 cm-1 .
Is Gravitation Mediated by the Torsion of Spacetime?
Authors: Heyde Paul von der
Published: February 2015

We propose a new set of field equations within the framework of a Poincare gauge theory of gravitation. These equations couple momentum to the torsion and spin to the curvature of spacetime and encompass an Einstein-like limit.
Calculation of Magnetic Shielding and Susceptibility of H2O and FOH with Gauge Invariant Gaussian Basis Set
Authors: Žaucer Matjaz , Pumpernik Danilo , Hladnik Milan , Ažman Andrej
Published: February 2015

Susceptibility and magnetic shieldings of all nuclei are calculated for water and hypofluorous acid. A finite perturbation SCF method with gauge invariant gaussian basis set is used. Results calculated with a slightly extended basis set agree well with experimental values.
Soret Coefficient and Thermoelectric Power of Thermocells Containing Molten Binary Mixtures
Authors: Haase R.
Published: February 2015

For an ionic melt consisting of two components and of three ion constituents, we derive the interrelation between the Soret coefficient and the initial and final values of the thermoelectric power of a thermocell containing the melt considered. We only use the general formulas of Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes and there is no restriction with respect to the valency types of the electrolytes.
Detection of the Millimeter Wave Spectrum of Hydrogen Isocyanide, HNC1,2
Authors: Creswell R. A. , Pearson E. F. , Winnewisser M. , Winnewisser G.
Published: February 2015

The rotational spectra of three isotopic species of HNC have been observed in the millimeter wave region. In the case of the parent species, H14N12C, our measurement of the J = 1←0 transition unequivocally confirms the assignment of the U90.7 interstellar line to HNC. For the parent species the molecular constants obtained are B0 = 45332.005(40) MHz and D0 = 0.1019(50) MHz. Structural parameters derived from the ground state rotational constants of this linear molecule are r(H-N) = 0.987 (3) Å and r(N-C) =1.171 (4) Å.
Einheitliche Feldtheorie / Unified Field Theory
Authors: Vollendorf F.
Published: February 2015

A theory is developed in which the gravitational as well as the electromagnetic field is described in a purely geometrical manner. In the case of a static central symmetric field Newton’s law of gravitation and Schwarzschild’s line element are derived by means of an action principle. The same principle leads to Fermat’s law which defines the world lines of photons.
Molecular g-Values, Magnetic Susceptibility Anisotropies, Molecular Quadrupole Moments and Second Moments of the Electron Charge Distribution in Ethyleneoxide and Pyridine Isotopes. An Attempt to Determine the Sign of the Electric Dipole Moment
Authors: Hamer E. , Sutter D. H.
Published: February 2015

The high-field first and second order Zeeman effect has been observed in Ethyleneoxide

in order to determine the sign of the electric dipole moments from the g-values of different isotopes. The experimental data indicate that in Ethyleneoxide the negative end is at the Oxygen while in Pyridine the result is not conclusive. The effect of vibrations is discussed in some detail and it is concluded that the vibrational dependance of the g-values should be accounted for if the sign of the dipole moment is determined from Zeeman data (at least if H ↔ D substitutions are involved).
A Comparison of the Noble Gases in Three Meteorite Specimens Labeled Springfield
Authors: Hennecke E. W. , Manuel O. K.
Published: February 2015

The abundance and isotopic composition of the noble gases were measured in three Spring-field specimens identified by the Denver Museum of Natural History with numbers 7029, 379.13 and 6040. The latter specimen contains more cosmogenic noble gas isotopes than the other two specimens and the abundance pattern of trapped noble gases in specimen 6040 is distinct from that in the other two specimens. Specimen 7029 contains about seven times as much radiogenic 40Ar and about four times as much radiogenic 129Xe as does specimen 379.13. These results indicate that the three specimens did not come from a single meteoroid.
Complex Constants and Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra for CuCl-Cl- Complexes in 1 M HClO4
Authors: Carlsson B. , Wettermark G.
Published: February 2015

The complex formation between Cu (I) Cl and Cl− was investigated in a 1 M HClO4 ionic medium at 22 °C. In saturated CuCl(s) - Cl− -solutions over the concentration range 0 - 0.25 M Cl− the only complexes observed are CuCl2
− and CuCl3
2−. The complex constants for the formation of these complexes are logβ11 = −1.31 and logβ12= −1.6 respectively. The UV-absorption spectra of CuCl2
− and CuCl3
2− were determined in the wavelength region 220 -370 nm. The absorption of CuCl2
− is characterized by a strong band λmax < 200 nm (ε >2.7 · 103) together with a weak band having λmax = 230 nm (ε = 0.7-103). The spectrum of CuCl3
2− is composed of two bands with λmax = 230 nm (ε = 4.7 · 103) and λmax = 276 nm (ε = 6.1 ·103).
Heavy-Ion Real Potentials for Collisions of Identical Nuclei
Authors: Morović T. , Greiner W.
Published: February 2015

An improved two-center model has been used to describe the elastic scattering potentials for the collision of identical nuclei. The macroscopic-microscopic approach includes liquid drop (LD) deformation energies, shell corrections and pairing energy corrections. As basis for the microscopic part a two-center shell model has been used with a Hamiltonian including a Thomas-type spin-orbit potential and an l2 correction term. The model is applied to the sudden and adiabatic type of scattering process, including a compression energy term in the LD part for the former case. Results are given as potential energy surfaces for the adiabatic scattering process and potential energy curves for the sudden scattering process.
Neutron Separation Energies of Zr Isotopes
Authors: Gomes L. C. , Dietzsch O.
Published: February 2015

Q values are reported for (d, t) reactions on all the stable isotopes of zirconium. The neutron separation energies of 94Zr and 96Zr differ greatly (by 27.5 and 22.1 keV, respectively) from the values in the 1971 Atomic Mass Evaluation. These results combined with those from other authors seem to indicate that the 1971 values for the masses of 93Zr and 95Zr are in error.
Messung differentieller Wirkungsquerschnitte für die elastische Streuung von Kalium-Ionen an Edelgasen / Differential Elastic Cross Section Measurements for K+ − Ar, Kr and Xe
Authors: Willems G.
Published: February 2015

The differential elastic cross sections for K+ - Ar, Kr and Xe were measured in the energy range from 2.2 eV to 5.0 eV in the laboratory system and compared with those predicted by the theory of Kim and Gordon. The experimental well depths are smaller than predicted by this theory.
Bestimmung partieller Diffusionskoeffizienten binären Legierungen vom Substitutionstyp mit Hilfe dünner Scheibenpaare / Determination of the Intrinsic Diffusion-coefficients of Binary Solid Solution Alloys with the Aid of Thin Plates
Authors: Heumann Th.
Published: February 2015

Determination of the Intrinsic Diffusion-coefficients of Binary Solid Solution Alloys with the Aid of Thin Plates A new method for determining intrinsic diffusion-coefficients in binary solid solutions of the substitutional typ is described. For this, thin plates are used having such a thickness that during annealing the specimen becomes nearly homogenious. From the shift of the original interface one obtaines the ratio of the intrinsic diffusion-coefficients for the concentration in the Kirkendall interface.
Excess Volumes of Mixtures of Acetone, Chloroform, Carbon tetrachloride, 1,4-Dioxane and Tetrahydrofuran with o-Dichlorobenzene
Authors: Dhillon M. S.
Published: February 2015

Excess volumes of mixtures of o-dichlorobenzene with acetone, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,4-dioxane, and tetrahydrofuran have been measured at 293.15 K as a function of composition. The excess volume data have been used to check the one-fluid theory of mixtures with van der Waals's and Guggenheim's equations of state.
Potentiom etrie Studies of the Lithium Interaction with Urea and N-Methylacetamide in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Schäfer O. F.
Published: February 2015

Potentiometrie measurements of the K+ and Li+ activity in the presence of 4M urea or N-methylacetamide have been performed. The results support the view that Li+ associates with amides.
Renormalization Group Approach to a One-Dimensional Cooperative T–e Jahn-Teller System
Authors: Brühl S. , Sigmund E.
Published: February 2015

A linear chain of T-e molecules exhibiting the cooperative Jahn-Teller effect is considered. Following Nauenberg's1 treatment of the one-dimensional Ising model a renormalization group approach is used. The series-expansion of the free energy is put into a closed form.
Ladungsaustausch zwischen Arll/Xell und Mg / Charge Exchange between Arll/Xell and Mg
Authors: Beth M.-U. , Krause S. , Mayerhofer W.
Published: February 2015

In an Argon-Magnesium-Plasma and a Xenon-Magnesium-Plasma number densities of the four lowest excited levels in Magnesium II were measured using a special absorption method and the absolute spectral line intensities from an optically non-thin layer. Near-Resonant-Charge-Exchange is demonstrated experimentally between Argon ions and MgII(4s2S) and between Xenon ions and Mgll (3p2Po), respectively
Elektronendelokalisierung im Grundzustand und in angeregten Zustanden / Electron Derealization in the Ground State and in Excited States
Authors: Fratev F. , Monev W. , Polansky O. E. , Stojanov S. , Tyutyulkov N.
Published: February 2015

The dependence of the fluorescence ability on the derealization of electrons in excited singlet states is discussed. It is shown that mainly those states fluoresce in which the electrons are most delocalized. The derealization can be described by Julg's Parameter A
Steady State Film Profiles of Viscous Drainage over a Naturally Permeable Wall
Authors: Padma D. , Ramacharyulu N. Ch. Pattabhi , Rao V. V. Ramana
Published: February 2015

The Navier-Stokes equation of viscous drainage over a naturally permeable wall is investigated. It is found that as an effect of porosity, the film falls faster than that in the clear zone
Centrifugal Distortion Effect in the Microwave Spectrum of Nitric Acid
Authors: Kaushik Vijay Kumar , Venkateswarlu Putcha
Published: February 2015

The microwave rotational spectrum of Nitric Acid has been analysed in the frequency region 8000-35000 MHz and up to J=12. The analysis gives refined rotational constants and all the quartic centrifugal distortion constants
Determination of Conductivities and Transfer­ ence Numbers of NaBr and NaJ in n-Propanol at 25 °C by Use of the Radioisotope Method
Authors: Marx G. , Mirza M.
Published: February 2015

In n-propanol the limiting ionic conductance of Na+ was found to be 10,36 cm2 Ω-1 mol-1 at 25 °C from conductivity- and transference measurements of NaBr and NaJ by use of the radioisotope method
Bandstruktur von Polymeren mit konjugierten Bindungen II. Bandstruktur der p-Polyphenylea / Band Structure of Polymers with Conjugated Bonds: II. Band Structure of p-Polyphenyls
Authors: Tyutyulkov N. N. , Polansky O. E.
Published: February 2015

It is shown that the energy gap for any arbitrary homonuclear alternant system is given by the expression

where ⊿corr is the correlation correction, and ⊿geom and ⊿top are factors respectively determined by the geometry and the topology of the molecule.

For the infinite p-polyphenyls the correlation correction ⊿corr equals to zero; this means that the width of the energy gap depends only on the topology and geometry of the system.
NOTIZEN: Use of 95Mo NMR for Identification of Molybdenum (VI) Chalcogenide Anions in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Lutz O. , Nolle A. , Kroneck P.
Published: February 2015

95Mo Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance studies were made on aqueous solutions of oxo thiomolybdates. Chemical shifts up to 2200 ppm were found for the different unambiguously assigned species MoO4-nSn
2- (n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4).
Theory of Boundary Conditions for the Boltzmann Equation
Authors: Waldmann L.
Published: February 2015

In preceding papers, Refs. 1,2, boundary conditions were developed for transport-relaxation equations by aid of a general reciprocity postulate for the interface. The same method is now used for the linearized Boltzmann equation. A new scheme emerges: the kinetic boundary conditions consist in a linear functional relation between interfacial "forces and fluxes" - in the sense of non-equilibrium thermodynamics - which are, broadly speaking, given by the sum and the difference of the molecular distribution function and its time-reversed, at the wall. The general properties of the kernels occurring in this atomistic boundary law are studied. The phenomenological surface coefficients of (generalized) linear thermo-hydrodynamics, as e. g. temperature jump, slip coefficients etc., can in a simple way be expressed by the kernel of the atomistic boundary law. This kernel is explicitly worked out for completely thermalizing wall collisions.
P Phase Fluorometer Study of the Excited State Reactions of 4-Methylumbelliferone
Authors: Bauer R. K. , Kowalczyk A. , Balter A.
Published: February 2015

The fluorescence spectra and decay times (the phase differences between the modulated exciting light and the fluorescence) of 4-methylumbelliferone in ethanol-water-acid solutions were investigated. The excited state reaction rates and lifetimes of three forms of the studied dye were evaluated.
X-Ray Attenuation in Silicon and Germanium in the Energy Range 25 to 50 keV
Authors: Gerward L. , Thuesen G.
Published: February 2015

The X-ray attenuation coefficients of silicon and germanium single crystals have been measured using an energy-dispersive method with particular emphasis on the energy range 25 to 50 keV. The experimental results are compared with theoretical calculations of the photoelectric absorption as well as the attenuation due to the Compton scattering and thermal diffuse scattering.
Collisional “Selection Rules” for Asymmetric Top Molecules
Authors: Schrepp W. , Mäder H. , Dreizler H. , Sutter D.
Published: February 2015

Selection rules for collision-induced rotational transitions of asymmetric top molecules are derived by first order perturbation treatment. The theoretical results are in agreement with the results from four-level double resonance experiments in the microwave range.
Optische Kernspin Polarisation (ONP) in Anthracen dotiert mit Phenazin im Temperaturbereich 1,4…300 K / Optical Nuclear Polarisation (ONP) in Anthracene doped with Phenazine in the Temperature Range 1.4…300 K
Authors: Dittrich G. , Stehlik D. , Hausser H.
Published: February 2015

ONP of proton spins in anthracene doped with 1000 ppm phenazine has been measured as a function of the external magnetic field Hp and its orientation with respect to the crystalline axes for the temperatures: 300, 78, 4.2 and 1.4 K. At 300 K characteristic features in magnetic fields up to 150 G are similar to results observed in doped fluorene crystals. They are interpreted as due to ONP as a consequence of level anti-crossing (LAC) in the triplet state of guest-host complexes. The zero-field splitting tensor is: D*= ±0.0101 (2) cm-1, ∣E*∣≲∣ ± 0.000811 cm-1 with the principal axes z* ∥ b, y* and x* in the ac-plane with ∢ (y*, a) =30 + 1°. No complex formation is observed at or below 78 K.

The most prominent feature at all temperatures is the field dependence of ONP when the magnetic field is oriented along the projection of the long molecular in-plane axes of the anthracene molecules. The excitable triplet states in the doped anthracene crystal are discussed in terms of their qualification as ONP-active states.
Synthesis of Fermium and Transfermium Elements Using Calcium-48 Beam
Authors: Gupta Raj K. , Săndulescu Aurel , Greiner Walter
Published: February 2015

The fragmentation theory is used to suggest possible targets to be used with the 48Ca ion beam produced recently at the JINR U-300 heavy-ion cyclotron. Calculations are made for 100 ≦ Z ≦ 116 and are supported by a successful test experiment for the isotope 252102.
Experimental Investigation about the Mechanism of Fission-Fragment Induced Desorption
Authors: Fürstenau N. , Knippelberg W. , Krueger F. R. , Weiß G. , Wien K.
Published: February 2015

The physical processes involved in the fission-fragment induced desorption of molecular and atomic ions from surfaces have been investigated by measuring absolute ion yields, distributions of radial and axial initial energy components and isotopic effects. For this purpose several modifications of the time-of-flight spectrometer were put in practice. By studying multiple ion desorption per fission-fragment correlations between various molecular fragments were identified. The results are compared with predictions of reaction models. The observed phenomena are in agreement with a break-down of the polar-binding potential at the surface caused partially by the low energy electron plasma produced by the fission-fragment.
Population of 3s, 3p, and 3d Sublevels of Atomic Hydrogen after Dissociative Excitation of some Alkanes by Electron Impact
Authors: Hartfuß H. J. , Röll H.
Published: February 2015

The intensity ratios within the Balmer-line Hα have been determined after pulsed electron impact excitation and dissociation of the alkanes CH4, C5H12, C6H14, C7H16, C8H18 and C9H20 . A time resolved technique has been used to separate the line-components by their different life­ times. No contribution of the 3p-level to the intensity of Hα could be detected, as was found earlier in the case of some other hydrogen containing molecules 2, 3. The ratio of the intensity contribution originating in 3s population to the total Ha intensity was found to be between 0.57 and 0.66 de­pending on the target molecule.
Über die Ausbreitung von Stoßwellen elektrischer Drahtexplosionen in Wasser
Authors: Schöfer R. , Seydel U. , Jäger H.
Published: February 2015

Pressure profiles of shod: waves of underwater wire explosions are recorded by means of piezoresistive pressure probes at different distances from the wire. Basing on an expansion of the theory of Brinkley and Kirkwood the time behaviour of characteristic quantities of the shock waves for a large intervall of the travelling distance can be determined by only a few measured values. In this way also statements may be made about the behaviour of the shock wave at those distances at which direct measurements are not possible. Furthermore, conclusions on the conditions for the formation of the shock wave can be made.
Determination of Phase Angles and Absolute Values of the Structure Potential V0002of Cadmium Sulfide from Equal Thickness Fringesin Electron Micrographs
Authors: Ichimiya A. , Uyeda R.
Published: February 2015

Fringe spacings were measured at the three different diffraction conditions: 0002-Bragg position, 0004-Bragg position and the symmetric position for 000l systematic reflections. The absolute value |V0002| and the phase angle Φ0002 were determined by analyzing the ratios of fringe spacings with a 15-beam calculation. The values determined were |V0002| = 6.5 ± 0.5 Volt and tan Φ0002 = -0.54 ± 0.04 on the origin at a cadmium atom. From these values the atom form factors at the position of 0002 reflection were calculated as fx
cd = 42.4 ± 0.5 and fx
s= 13.0 ±0.2, assuming the parameter u determined by X-ray diffraction.
Topological Properties of Bond Order
Authors: Gutman Ivan
Published: February 2015

Integral topological formulas are obtained, relating the bond order with the characteristic poly­ nomials of the molecular graph and its certain subgraphs. Several properties of the bond order are proved.
Potentiometrische Messungen an asymmetrischen calciumselektiven Membranelektroden
Authors: Schäfer O. F.
Published: February 2015

Potentiometrie measurements with asymmetric calcium-selective membranes using a three compartment flow-through cell were carried out. These membranes exhibited a behav iour which depended on their orientation with respect to the solutions. Whilst with one orientation of the membranes Nernstian behaviour was observed, in the opposite case con­ siderable asymmetry potentials appeared.
On the Thermal Behaviour of Long-chain Rubidium n. Alkanoates
Authors: Ferloni P. , Zangen M. , Franzosini P.
Published: February 2015

Differential scanning calorimetry allowed to state the main phase relationships in Rb n. alkanoates from octanoate to dodecanoate, and to measure the pertinent heat effects. Before becoming (on heating) a clear melt each homologue can exist as a mesomorphic liquid over a 130 -140 K wide interval. The collected results are compared with those previously obtained for the corresponding Li, Na, K and Cs salts.
Birefringence in the Boundary Layer of a Rarefied Heat Conducting Gas
Authors: Vestner H. , Beenakker J. J. M.
Published: February 2015

In a heat conducting diatomic gas enclosed between parallel plates, the second rank tensor polarization of the rotational angular momenta is non-zero only near the plates. Therefore the gas is birefringent only in a boundary layer which is a few mean free paths thick. The birefringence is calculated with the help of a differential equation and a boundary condition for the tensor polarization. The difference in the index of refraction for light polarized parallel, respectively perpendicular to the temperature gradient is evaluated for the gases N2 and CO with the information obtained from the field effects on viscosity and on thermal conductivity, and from thermomagnetic pressure difference measurements. The effect is estimated to be of measurable size.
Nonlinear Peierls-Boltzmann Equation for Phonons: Structure and Stability of Solutions
Authors: Kaiser Fr.
Published: February 2015

Phonon transport in locally disturbed media is considered. The steady state solutions of the Peierls-Boltzmann type equations are studied. In particular, the flux-dependence of local excitations is investigated. It is proven that for a large class of scattering processes only two types of steady states are possible: a hysteresis type and a threshold one. 4 different types of factorization procedures are applied and it is shown that for these cases the steady states remain nearly unchanged. The stability conditions are reformulated in such a way that one can give a geometrical interpretation. The only stable solutions are nodes. The necessary modification of our model system to allow for limit cycles is indicated. Also, a more complicated situation, where the interaction Hamiltonian HI is a superposition of terms of different order, is investigated. The resulting steady state solution is again a hysteresis.
Electron Den sities from Stark Widths of the HeI 5016 Å and HeI 3889 Å Lines and Helium - Neon Laser Interferometry
Authors: Chiang W. T. , Murphy D. P. , Chen Y. G. , Griem H. R.
Published: February 2015

Measurements of the neutral helium line widths were made in a high pressure electric shock tube plasma of electron density ~ 1 X 10 17cm-3 and temperature ~ 1.5 eV. The measured half-widths are in ~10% agreement with the calculated widths based on GBKO theory. Electron densities were independently determined using a He-Ne laser interferometer. A factor ~ 1.7 discrepancy between measured and calculated Stark widths (or electron densities) reported by Kusch and recently by Einfeld and Sauerbrey could not be confirmed.
Pseudopotential Theory for Atoms and Molecules
Authors: Szasz Levente
Published: February 2015

An exact pseudopotential theory is presented for atoms and molecules with arbitrary number of valence and core electrons and arbitrary number of nuclei. Using the variation method an equation is derived for the best many-valence-electron wave function which is orthogonalized to the core orbitals. Using this equation the exact equation is derived for the many-valence-electron pseudo-wavefunction which does not have to satisfy any orthogonality conditions. The Hamiltonian of the pseudopotential equation is of surprisingly simple structure and does not depend on the energy and/or on the wave function of the valence electrons. It is shown that the simple model Hamiltonian which is used in many pseudopotential calculations can be derived from the exact equation by two plausible approximations. The theory is elucidated on the example of atoms with two valence electrons.
Supercompression of Intense Ion Beams in a Collapsing Pinch
Authors: Winterberg F.
Published: February 2015

Intense ion beams produced in magnetically insulated diodes become fast plasma jets in the drift tube. If a pinch discharge is made over these fast jets they can be magnetically compressed to very small diameters of less than 10-2 cm. Such fast highly focused plasma beams may have important applications for the ignition of thermonuclear microexplosions.
Radiationless Internal Vibration sof Extended Charged Particles in a Constant Magnetic Field
Authors: Heudorfer W. , Sorg M.
Published: February 2015

The extended particle theory recently proposed is further investigated. Especially, it is shown for the force-free case that no runaway solutions exist and that the particle must ultimately assume constant velocity. For a certain structure of the particle, internal radiationless vibrations are found and discussed extensively for the case, where the particle moves in a constant homogenious magnetic field. If the magnetic field strength assumes a certain discrete set of values, the motion terminates in that radiationless internal rotation; in all other cases the particle spirals inwards under emission of radiation until it comes to rest.
Surface Structure Analysis of Cs/Pt(100) by LEED
Authors: Grandke T. , Heinz K.
Published: February 2015

The intensity spectra of the platinum (100) surface covered with cesium have been analysed by means of a dynamical calculation (RFS) of the diffraction processes using a simplified model of the adsorbate layer. Convergence problems were introduced by the relatively large size of the cesium atoms and the superstructure unit mesh. Yet the agreement between theory and experiment allows to determine a spacing of 4.25 + 0.1 Å between the bulk crystal and the overlayer. According to the model most cesium atoms occupy hollow positions on the topmost (100) bulk layer of platinum. However, there is also a considerable amount of bridge positions giving a mixture of sites, which is responsible for the streaking of special spots observed in experiment.
On the Hyperfine Structure in the Rotational Spectrum of CuI
Authors: Nair K. P. R. , Tiemann E. , Hoeft J.
Published: February 2015

The observation of the J = 2 ­­← 1 rotational transition of 63Cu127I at 9 GHz resulted in the determination of the quadrupole coupling constants for 63Cu : e q0 Q = 8.14 (20) MHz and 127I : e q0 Q= -938.07 (20) MHz.
Intensity Fluctuations of Acoustic Noise After Strong Nonlinear Amplification
Authors: Kabelka H. , Kuzmany H.
Published: February 2015

The intensity fluctuations of nonlinearly amplified phonons have been investigated by high resolution photon counting in a Brillouin scattering experiment. No significant signal to noise transition could be observed.
Zur Auswertung dielektrischer Relaxations­ messungen / Transformation method for evaluation of dielectric measurements
Authors: Schufmann G. , Gunßer W.
Published: February 2015

Transformation of the complex permittivity ε* in a complex polarizability α' proved to be a good method for observing low frequency dispersions in solids. The effect of transformation is due to a shift in the maxima of the dispersion curves to higher frequencies.
An Electron-Diffraction Investigation of the Molecular Structure of Toluene
Authors: Iijima Takao
Published: February 2015

The structural parameters of toluene have been deter­ mined by gas-phase electron diffraction. The bond distances in rg are as follows: C-C(ring) 1.399± 0.002 Å, C-C (me­thyl) 1.524± 0.007 Å, C -H(ring) 1.11 ± 0.01 Å. and C-H-(methyl) 1.10 ±0.02 Å.
EPR of VO2+ in ZnCs2(SO4)2 · 6 H2O Single Crystals
Authors: Jain V. K. , Srinivasan T. M.
Published: February 2015

The EPR of VO2+ is studied in single crystals of ZnCs2(SO)4)2 · 6 H2O at X-band. The V-0 axis is found to have two orientations. The spin-Hamiltonian parameters at 298 K are determined.
Dielectric Polarisation of Some Heterocyclic Compounds and Role of π-Electrons in Solution
Authors: Srivastava A. N.
Published: February 2015

The dielectric moments at 35 °C of quinoline, pyridine and isoquinoline dissolved in four non-polar solvents viz. benzene, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane and dioxane are found to increase in this sequence in accordance with the molecular structure of these solutes. The surprisingly high moments of quinoline and pyridine in carbon tetrachloride indicate the formation of charge transfer complexes in­ volving the π-electron systems of the solutes.
Transport of Nonelectrolyte-Water Mixtures through Cellulose Membranes
Authors: Duckwitz S. , Moraal H.
Published: February 2015

Measurements of the transport properties of cellulose membranes for the mixtures methanolwater and formamide-water are reported. The measured approach of the mole fractions of the nonelectrolyte to its equilibrium value are interpreted in the framework of linear irreversible thermodynamics in a novel way. The permeabilities of the membranes of the different substances are discussed in terms of phenomenological coefficients. It is shown that these depend on the equilibrium mole fraction in an essential way. A discussion of this effect is given
Zum Mechanismus der Spaltfragment-induzierten Desorption / About the Mechanism of Fission-Fragment Induced Desorption
Authors: Krueger Franz R.
Published: February 2015

The desorption of even big molecular ions after the passage of fission fragments is described by a short-lived collective perturbation of the surface potential, which is primarily caused by an excitation of the electron plasma. In secondary ion mass spectroscopy and laser induced desorption similar perturbations occur. These processes can be described microscopically as emission of thermally activated ions out of bound states by the time-dependent perturbation, and macroscopically as a temporary lowering of the electrochemical surface potential
Reflection Losses from Laser-Produced Plasmas
Authors: Godwin R. P. , Kessel C. G. M. van , Olsen J. N. , Sachsenmaier P. , Sigel R. , Eidmann K.
Published: February 2015

Optical calorimetry of laser radiation reflected from plane targets irradiated by a 0.3 J/30 ps Nd-laser pulse (λ = 1.06 μm) has been performed. A 2π-ellipsoidal mirror was used for scattered light collection. We find that scattering outside the solid angle of the focusing lens is a major reflection loss from the target. A maximum fraction of 0.5 of the incident pulse energy was absorbed in the target with only a very weak dependence on pulse energy and target material. We emphasize that measurements made with sharp focusing on the target surface are difficult to compare with theoretical models in the plane wave/plane target approximation
Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der antiferro- magnetischen Kopplungsenergie in Chromoxid / The Dependency of the Antiferromagnetic Coupling Energy Upon Temperature in Chromium Oxide
Authors: Dräger K. , Gerling R.
Published: February 2015

For Cr2O3 moderately doped with Ga2O3 it is shown by electronspin resonance that the energy of antiferromagnetic coupling increases by about 20% when the temperature is lowered to the Neel-point Tɴ.

This result indicates the early start of far distance order when still local ordering is to be expected
Zur chemischen Relevanz von Differenz­ elektronendichten / On Chemical Relecancy of Electron Difference Densities
Authors: Meyer Hermann , Schweig Armin
Published: February 2015

The dependence of electron difference densities of carboncarbon bonds on bond length and chemical environment are investigated by AHF calculations