bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El viraje ideológico de Federico Jiménez Losantos como ejemplo de una Transición libidinal
Authors: Meijide Casas Sergio
Published: October 2021

This article presents the journalist Federico Jiménez Losantos as an example of a certain persistence and variation in the relationship between desire and politics from the Spanish transition to democracy to the present days. For this purpose, we will explain his ideological transition from Maoism to liberalism as part of a much larger process, in which French philosophy was greatly important. Without pretending to expose a single "libidinal" transition, our hypothesis is that some of the phenomena of our political present time reflects the direct inheritance of concerns that came to Spain during the 1970s.
Une visite nocturne dans la galerie de pierre : Auguste Vinchon ou les deux histoires du musée Louis-Philippe
Authors: Coulon Bastien
Published: October 2021

Cet article propose une étude du tableau d’Auguste Vinchon Louis-Philippe et la famille royale visitent les Galeries historiques de Versailles, peint en 1848. La composition présente dans une scène nocturne le cortège central arrêté pour admirer la statue en pied de Jeanne d’Arc sculptée par Marie d’Orléans. Ce tableau, qui a jusqu’ici fait office de simple illustration des Galeries historiques, comporte un ensemble de singularités que nous souhaiterions mettre au jour afin d’évoquer plus largement le rôle des Galeries dans l’imagerie de la Monarchie de Juillet. En s’appuyant sur les dessins préparatoires que Vinchon a réalisés pour son œuvre, nous pouvons reconstruire son processus créatif et mieux comprendre la manière dont l’artiste a pensé l’effet d’ensemble de sa composition. Cet effet, qui s’articule autour de la figure de Jeanne d’Arc, fait émerger une ambivalence dans l’incarnation de l’héroïne en laissant apparaître de manière centrale le souvenir de Marie d’Orléans. S’il ne représente pas une rupture nette avec l’iconographie des Galeries historiques et de leur créateur, le tableau vient toutefois se situer à la marge de ce corpus par la nature même de la scène qu’il vient illustrer.
Oslo : une ville, deux dialectes ?
Authors: Stjernholm Karine
Published: October 2021

Cet article présente une analyse comparative de deux chansons contemporaines de rap à Oslo dans lesquelles la variation linguistique est utilisée en tant qu’outil littéraire et marqueur sociogéographique. La capitale norvégienne a historiquement connu deux variétés orales, qui ont convergé au cours des quatre cents dernières années. Ce processus a abouti à une situation orale où ces variétés, de nos jours, étroitement liées, sont en confrontation à la fois socialement et linguistiquement. L’article expose les principales différences linguistiques entre ce qu’on appelle la variété ouest (issue de la variété haute du danois parlée par les classes sociales supérieures au début du XXe siècle), et la variété est (issue de l’ancienne variété basse parlée par la population autochtone d’Oslo). Aujourd’hui, il est difficile de les classer comme deux variétés distinctes, car elles partagent une base linguistique commune, malgré quelques différences phonologiques, morphologiques et syntaxiques qui subsistent. Ces différences restent néanmoins exploitées par les locuteurs pour négocier une identité sociale – et dans le contexte d’Oslo également géographique.
Écologie des langues dans le Norden
Authors: Gadelii Karl Erland
Published: October 2021

Cet article examine la situation linguistique du Norden du point de vue de l’écologie des langues dans le Nord. Après un aperçu du concept de Norden comme communauté linguistique, la question sera posée de l’idéalisation de cette région, où chaque pays est imaginé comme linguistiquement homogène, et où la communication panscandinave est facilement assurée grâce à une intercompréhension considérable. Cet article met en lumière les conflits linguistiques dans ces régions, particulièrement dans les (ex-)colonies du Danemark et de la Suède. Enfin, il ouvre la réflexion sur les critères qui permettent d’expliquer pourquoi une langue (ex-)coloniale s’impose (tel le suédois au Sápmi) ou non (comme le danois aux îles Féroé).
Figurations de l’art et de l’artiste dans la prose pour adultes de Tove Jansson
Authors: Veivo Harri
Published: October 2021

Tove Jansson fut un auteur et une artiste majeurs dans un siècle marqué par une critique continue de l’art et de sa fonction dans la société. Bien qu’elle n’ait pas suivi les mouvements d’avant-garde ou modernistes, leur préférant une voie singulière, les nombreux artistes, illustrateurs et autres personnages du monde des arts qui figurent dans ses récits et romans proposent une réflexion complexe sur le travail créatif, sur l’identité de l’artiste et sur l’art dans la société du XXe siècle. Le sujet est particulièrement intéressant dans la mesure où la conception du travail créatif dans la philosophie janssonienne de l’art est large et couvre tout aussi bien la peinture traditionnelle que la créativité au quotidien.
The ruling relations of patient involvement in cardiac rehabilitation programs
Authors: Barchager Nynne
Published: October 2021

Patient involvement has often been defined and examined on the basis of conceptual theoretical frameworks. This article explores patient involvement contextually and locally, in encounters between patients and healthcare professionals in cardiac rehabilitation in Denmark. With inspiration from institutional ethnography, the goal is to unpack what involvement actually implies in rehabilitation activities. The analysis provides micro-sociological insights into how patient involvement is constituted and institutionally conditioned and shows how textually mediated ruling relations regulate activities and interactions, shaping patient involvement in local practices. The analysis reveals how patient involvement primarily relates to healthcare professionals involving patients in health knowledge. It explores how national guidelines and local instructions for healthcare professionals frame understandings of patient needs and problems. The concluding discussion highlights how patients have limited opportunities to influence their own care process. It also points out how it is left to the individual healthcare professional to solve contradictions between institutionally defined tasks and the ambition of patient involvement.
Redemption, settlement and agriculture in the religious teachings of Hovevei Zion
Authors: Mashiach Amir
Published: October 2021

Hovevei Zion is a collective name for several societies established in Eastern Europe in the 19th century, advocating immigration to the land of Israel, settlement of the land and agricultural work. This article examines the religious approach of several prominent thinkers from among Hovevei Zion and the First Aliya, who shared the perception of farming and settling the land as having religious and even messianic meaning. It was clear to them that the Torah is the foundation of the Jewish people’s existence, however, to this they added another value – work. These thinkers strived to change the identity of the exilic Jew, who was occupied only with spiritual religious life and to reinstate the identity of the biblical Jew, who combined a spiritual and a material religious life. The article examines the approach of Hovevei Zion in light of the general rabbinic approach to redemption, settlement and agriculture and the social changes in 19th century Europe.Contribution: This article contributes to the journal’s multidisciplinary theological perspective, particularly the notion ‘historical thought’, which covers the textual and oral history and hermeneutical studies, narratives and philosophies behind the Abrahamic religions as expressed in the Hebrew Scriptures and the Rabbinic literature.
Post-Covid Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis with Peri-Orbital Cellulitis, Ophthalmoplegia, Deep Cervical Vein Thrombosis, Sinusitis in a 24-Year-Old Lady
Authors: Thakuria Jayanta , Kumar Arvind , Gupta Rohit , Shira Jacquiline D. , Das Dwijen
Published: October 2021

A 24-year-old female presented with blurring of vision, chemosis, protrusion of eyeball, restriction of movements of right eye, numbness over the right side of the face with severe headache, stiffness of neck, and fever of 2 days duration. She gives a history of recent Covid-19 infection 3 weeks back. She was treated symptomatically and recovered fully. On examination, there was proptosis, chemosis, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth nerve palsy on the right side, and nuchal rigidity. She was started on broad spectrum antibiotics, analgesics, anticoagulant, and prophylactic antifungal thinking in line of post-Covid orbital cellulitis or mucormycosis. Her investigations revealed raised total leucocyte count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate with normal ultrasound abdomen and chest X-ray. Blood culture and culture of nasal swab and oral cavity for fungus were sterile. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging brain, orbit, and sinus showed proptosis, myofascial edema, superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis, right cavernous sinus and deep cervical vein thrombosis, sphenoid and bilateral ethmoid sinusitis with narrow lumen of the internal jugular vein. She responded very well to the treatment. Her inflammatory parameters came down drastically and clinically, she started opening her eyes and ophthalmoplegia subsided within a week. By the 10th day she was asymptomatic. Repeat MRI showed reduction of proptosis, myofascial edema with partial recanalization of right superior ophthalmic vein, right cavernous sinus, and right deep cervical vein. She was discharged on injectable anticoagulant and antibiotics for another 10 days.
Pathological and Biochemical Alteration in COVID-19
Authors: Singha Noni Gopal
Published: October 2021

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory corona virus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is mainly respiratory disease occurring since December 2019 and first detected in Wuhan province of China. The complexity of SARSCOV-2 is centered on the unpredictable clinical course of the disease that can rapidly develop causing severe and deadly outcomes. The pandemic COVID-19 is a scientific, medical, and social challenge. In this review, the basic pathological and biochemical changes in COVID-19 are described, also how it influences in predicting the disease progression thereby helping in early interventions to prevent complications.
Association of Hematological and Biochemical Parameters with Clinical Profile of COVID-19 Patients in Visakhapatnam, India
Authors: Gara Himavathy Kodandarao , Vanamali Dharma Rao , Kartheek Adhikarla Surya Veeramani
Published: October 2021

Background:

The cytokine cascade in COVID-19 is responsible for its clinical manifestations. Timely management of patients with dismal prognosis may improve their clinical outcome. The study aimed to analyze the hematological and biochemical parameters among COVID-19 patients and the factors associated with laboratory changes and COVID-19 infection.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a designated district COVID hospital. COVID-19 patient's medical records were converted into an electronic database which included demographic data, recent exposure history, existing co-morbidities, symptoms, and laboratory findings.

Results:

Out of the 1340 patients, 69.25% were males. Symptomatics accounted for 57.61%. The common co-morbidities among infected patients were diabetes mellitus (13.88%), hypertension (15%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma (2.16%), which had a significant positive correlation with COVID-19. The common symptoms were fever (50.39%), dry cough (46.24%), dyspnea (30.7%), and myalgia (28.5%). Leucocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia were reported in 5.22%, 11.34%, 27.16%, and 3.41% of patients, respectively. Elevated aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperglobulinemia were observed in 13.88%, 19.4%, 24.77%, and 10% of patients, respectively. Symptomatics had significantly higher values for neutrophil percentage, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte–leucocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammatory index, blood urea, and indirect bilirubin levels and significantly lower values for lymphocyte percentage, absolute lymphocyte count, and serum albumin. The logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association of deranged laboratory parameters among symptomatic COVID-19 patients and those with pre-existing co-morbidities.

Conclusion:

Neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and deranged liver function tests were significantly present in COVID-19 patients. The inflammation in COVID-19 is exhibited as remarkable hematological and laboratory changes whose careful interpretation can offer a clinical window for risk stratification and appropriate therapeutic interventions.
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) during Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Authors: Baruah Dibya K. , Darimireddi Anuradha , Telikicherla Ravikanth , Allamsetty Suresh
Published: October 2021

Aim:

To analyze the impact of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic and various containment measures taken for the pandemic control on hospital admissions of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Materials and Methods:

This study is a single-center, comparative study conducted at a tertiary care center situated in the southern part of India. The study period was from March 1, 2020 till May 31, 2020, including the first lockdown period in India. All patients admitted with a diagnosis of ACS to our hospital during the study period were included in the study (study group). This group was compared with the patients admitted with ACS into our hospital during the corresponding period of the previous year (control group). Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were compared with the control group for clinical profile, treatment, hospital course, outcome, and incidence rate ratio (IRR) of admissions.

Results:

There was a significant reduction of mean daily admissions of ACS cases in the study group with IRR of 0.702; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.719–1.02; P < 0.001. The reduction rate of ACS cases was 29.74% (study period, n = 215; control period, n = 306), and it was mostly related to a decline in the number of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina. No significant reduction of patients with STEMI was observed between the groups. However, patients with STEMI had more left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, LV thrombus, and a significantly higher incidence of mitral regurgitation (13.3% vs. 8.8%, P < 0.05). The impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the patients with ACS revealed a parallel reduction of hospital admissions with an increasing number of COVID-19 cases in the community.

Conclusion:

The COVID-19 pandemic and concomitant social restrictions resulted in a significant decline in hospital admissions due to ACS in this tertiary care center, but without any effect on the number of admissions with STEMI. A parallel reduction of hospital admissions for ACS cases with a rising number of COVID-19 cases in the community was also observed in this study.
Comparison of block characteristics of intrathecal isobaric levobupivacaine versus isobaric ropivacaine for infra-umbilical surgeries in school-age children: A prospective randomised double-blind study
Authors: Bhati Kanta , Kuraning Kiran , Dhawan Sonali , Jawaid Irum , Khilji Yunus
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:

Levobupivacaine and ropivacaine are effective local anaesthetic drugs used in regional anaesthesia with low cardio-neurotoxicity profile than bupivacaine, but comparative studies are limited in children. So, we compared these two drugs intrathecally to study their efficacy and safety in school-age children.

Methods:

This study was carried out in 60 American Society of Anesthesiologists class I, II and III patients aged 6–12 years, of either sex undergoing infra-umbilical surgeries. After institutional ethical committee approval and written informed consent, the patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received isobaric levobupivacaine (0.5%, 0.3-0.4 mg/kg), whereas group B received isobaric ropivacaine (0.5%, 0.5 mg/kg) intrathecally. Fentanyl (0.2 μg/kg) was used as an adjuvant in both the groups. Onset, peak and duration of sensory and motor blockade, duration of post-operative analgesia, time for micturition, perioperative haemodynamic parameters and complications were compared.

Results:

Onset and peak of sensory and motor block were earlier in group A. Significantly longer duration of sensory and motor block was achieved in group A (251 ± 41 min, 201 ± 40 min) compared to group B (211 ± 21 min, 102 ± 16 min) (P< 0.001). The time to first rescue analgesic was also significantly prolonged in group A (270 ± 39 min) compared to group B (233 ± 18 min) (P< 0.001). Time to micturition was much early in group B (157 ± 27 min) compared to group A (225 ± 31 min) (P< 0.001).

Conclusion:

Intrathecal isobaric levobupivacaine and ropivacaine with fentanyl produces effective surgical anaesthesia and postoperative analgesia without any adverse effects. Early regression of sensorimotor blockade makes ropivacaine better in comparison to levobupivacaine for short infra-umbilical surgeries in children.
Tracheal intubation with King Vision video laryngoscope in patients with cervical spine instability—Comparison of straight versus curved reinforced endotracheal tubes
Authors: Patel Nisha , Desai Devyani J.
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:

King Vision video laryngoscope is commonly used to facilitate intubation in corrective surgery for cervical spine instability patients due to less manipulation. Curved and straight reinforced tracheal tubes are regularly used in this surgery as neck of the patient is likely to be flexed. We aimed to compare intubation characteristics between the curved and straight reinforced tubes through King Vision video laryngoscope in patients to be operated for cervical spine instability with the primary objective being intubation time.

Methods:

Sixty patients undergoing cervical spine surgery were enroled in this prospective randomised comparative clinical study. All were intubated after applying manual in-line stabilisation of the neck, using either curved (group C) or straight (group S) reinforced endotracheal tubes through King Vision video laryngoscope. The intubation time, number of attempts, incidence of tube impingement with arytenoids/aryepiglottic folds, optimisation manoeuvres required and complications were observed. Unpaired ‘t’ test and Chi-square test were used to analyse the data using MedCalc software, version 12.5.

Results:

Time taken for intubation was shorter with curved compared to straight reinforced tube (16.24 ± 3.09 vs. 29.08 ± 5.48 seconds,P< 0.0001) The first attempt success rate was higher using curved than straight reinforced tube (93.3% vs. 70%,P= 0.02). Incidences of impingement with arytenoids/aryepiglottic folds and optimisation manoeuvres required more with the straight reinforced tube.

Conclusion:

The intubation was fast and with higher first attempt success rate with curved than with straight reinforced tube through King Vision videolaryngoscope when used in patients with cervical spine instability.
Intermediate outcomes of therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty for severe microbial keratitis using glycerol-preserved donor corneas during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Roy Aravind , Kamra Dhruv , Murthy Somasheila I , Mohamed Ashik , Chaurasia Sunita , Fernandes Merle , Das Sujata , Sharma Savitri
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To report the intermediate outcomes of therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (TPK) performed for severe microbial keratitis using glycerol-preserved corneas during the Corona virus diseases of 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods:

Retrospective non-comparative case series from April to August 2020 in a network of tertiary eye care centers. Glycerol-preserved tissues were used for therapeutic keratoplasty (TPK). We reviewed the demographics, microbiology, surgical outcomes such as wound integrity, recurrence, graft melt, epithelialization, and complications.

Results:

A total of 49 eyes that underwent TPK with glycerol-preserved corneal tissues were analyzed. The primary indication was severe microbial keratitis in 47 eyes. The majority was a fungal infection in 33 eyes (67.3%). The mean age was 53.8 ± 12.2 years, with male predominance (3:1). The corneas were stored for an average of 85.5 ± 53 days prior to transplant. The median donor age was 65 years. The grafts were tectonically stable in 32/36 eyes (88.9%) at 1 month and 20/24 eyes (83.3%) at 3 months. The graft melt was noted in three eyes at 1 and 3 months. The recurrence of the infection was noted in four eyes and all were of fungal etiology. The graft epithelialization was delayed with a mean duration of 48.9 ± 25 days after surgery. Post-TPK, raised intra-ocular pressure (>21 mm Hg) was noted in 51.2% at 1 week, 17.4% at 1 month, and 11.8% at 3 months.

Conclusion:

Glycerol preservation is a reliable alternative with good therapeutic outcomes in the short and interim postoperative period. Delayed epithelialization and secondary glaucoma were the commonest postoperative complications.
Changing patterns of posterior segment trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic: A regional analysis from the Bodhya Eye Consortium
Authors: Parchand Swapnil , Shenoy Pratik , Muralidhar Alankrita , Kohli Gaurav , Gangwe Anil , Agrawal Deepanshu , Varshney Abhishek , Mittal Ruchi , Saha Indranil , Madharia Aishwarya , Singh Shalini , Sen Alok , Trehan Hemant , Agarwal Manisha
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To assess changes in the presentation patterns of posterior segment trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic from six tertiary eye care institutes of North and Central India.

Methods:

A multicenter, hospital-based, retrospective comparative analysis of patients presenting with posterior segment trauma was done during the COVID-19 (Group A) (March 25, 2020 - September 30, 2020) period and the pre-COVID-19 (Group B) (March 25, 2019 - September 30, 2019) period.

Results:

A total of 405 patients were diagnosed with posterior segment trauma (Group A: 206, Group B: 199). The time interval between onset of trauma and presentation was higher in Group A (16.59 ± 29.87 days) as compared to Group B (9.41 ± 19.19 days) (P = 0.004). A majority of patients in Group A had a history of prior consultation before presentation (P = 0.049). In Group A, 120 (58.2%) patients sustained ocular trauma at home as compared to 80 (40.2%) patients in Group B (P < 0.0001). Patients presenting with light perception were significantly more in Group A (43.7%) as compared to Group B (30.2%) (P = 0.004). In Group B, 37.6% patients had presenting visual acuity of counting finger or better as compared to 27.6% patients in Group A (P = 0.07). Patients in Group A had a significantly higher proportion of post-traumatic endophthalmitis with delayed presentation (P = 0.011) and retinal detachment (P = 0.041). Patients undergoing surgery for foreign-body removal were significantly fewer in Group A (P = 0.05).

Conclusion:

Although the number of patients presenting with posterior segment trauma was comparable in Groups A and B, a greater number of patients sustained home injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A majority of these patients had delayed presentation with poor presenting visual acuity and a higher tendency of retinal detachment.
Innovative intra-operative rapid detection test for visualisation of mucor
Authors: Chandrakanth Prithvi , Ramesh Prasanna Venkatesh , Janakiram Trichy Narayanan , Ramesh Shruthy Vaishali , Aji K , Chandrakanth K S , Ramesh Meena K , Rajasekaran Ramesh
Published: October 2021

In this manuscript, we report a rapid intra-operative detection test for visualisation of mucor, with the use of the Smartphone-based intraocular lens microscope (IOLSCOPE). IOLSCOPE helps not only in detecting tissue affected by mucor, but also makes sure that the surgeon does not leave any fungus behind; similar to the principles employed by a ‘Frozen section’ in conventional general surgery. In the technique proposed by us, we have used an undigested tissue sample, to quickly diagnose mucor, intra-operatively. Thus, in view of tackling the COVID-19 and mucor duplet, IOLSCOPE can be considered by ophthalmologists and otorhinolaryngologists for its rapid screening property, convenience of ease, good quality images and cost effectiveness.
Role of pre-operative percutaneous embolization in orbital alveolar soft part sarcoma – An experience from a tertiary eye-care center
Authors: Koka Kirthi , Singh Parinita , Nisar Sonam Poonam , Alam Md. Shahid , Backiavathy Varsha , Scott Julius Xavier , Krishnakumar Subramanian , Mukherjee Bipasha
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To describe the clinic-radiological, pathological profile, and management outcomes of primary alveolar soft-part sarcoma (ASPS) of the orbit.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of all histopathologically proven cases of orbital ASPS that presented between May 2016 and September 2019 was done. Data collected included demographics, clinical features, imaging characteristics, metastatic workup, management, and follow-up.

Results:

Five patients, of which four were males, presented to us during the study period. The mean age of presentation was 12.6 years (range 3–22 years). The most common presenting features were abaxial proptosis (n = 4) and diminished vision (n = 4). Imaging showed a well-defined orbital mass in all patients with internal flow voids in three. Preoperative percutaneous embolization with cyanoacrylate glue was done in these three patients owing to high vascularity. Four patients underwent complete tumor excision. One patient underwent exenteration. Histopathology showed polygonal tumor cells arranged in a pseudo-alveolar pattern and Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) positive crystals in the cytoplasm in all patients. One patient had systemic metastasis at presentation and developed a local recurrence after 3 months. No recurrence or metastasis was noted in the remaining four patients at a mean final follow-up of 11.2 months (range 5–15 months).

Conclusion:

ASPS is a rare orbital neoplasm that poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Imaging might show a soft-tissue tumor with high vascularity. Multidisciplinary management with interventional radiologists for preoperative embolization of vascular lesions helps minimize intraoperative bleeding and aids in complete tumor resection. A localized orbital disease carries a better prognosis.
Comparison of the effect of fluoride gel and two toothpastes with different materials on remineralization of initial carious lesions in primary teeth
Authors: Meshki Razieh , Basir Leila , Rahbar Nadereh , Kazempour Maryam
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Various types of toothpastes are claimed to be able to improve initial enamel caries. This study compared the effect of fluoride gel and two toothpastes on remineralization of initial caries lesions in primary teeth.

Materials and Methods:

A total of sixty-four sound extracted primary canine were immersed in demineralizing solution at 37°C for 96 h to produce artificial caries in vitro. Enamel pieces (3 × 3 × 5 mm) were prepared from each tooth and mounted in self cure acrylic blocks. The specimens were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 16) based on treatment agent (fluoride gel, Chitodent toothpaste, ReminPro toothpaste, no treatment as control) and underwent a pH cycling model for 10 days. Vickers microhardness (VH) was measured before and after treatment. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance and paired t-test by SPSS 18 (P < 0.05).

Results:

No significant difference was found in VH between groups at baseline (fluoride group: 265.9 ± 44.8, Chitodent group: 282.6 ± 34.6, ReminPro group: 266.5 ± 26.6, control: 272.7 ± 32.5; P = 0.516). Microhardness significantly increased after exposure to ReminPro toothpaste (VH change: 24.1%, P < 0.001) and fluoride gel (VH change: 10.9%, P = 0.046), but no significant changes were observed in Chitodent (VH change: 2.8%, P = 0.635) and control (VH change: - 2.2%, P = 0.181) groups.

Conclusion:

ReminPro toothpaste might be effective in remineralizing initial carious lesions of primary teeth.
Clinical, CT scan, and laboratory changes of abscess patients with odontogenic origin admitted to Shiraz acute surgical care center, Iran
Authors: Aliabadi Ehsan , Farshad Mohammad Mahdi , Kheirkhah Masoomeh , Jafari Seyed Hamed
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Rapid diagnosis of maxillofacial abscess with the odontogenic origin is effective in the treatment of patients. This study aimed to check the clinical evaluation, head, and neck computed tomography (CT) scan, and microbial sensitivity of hospitalized patients diagnosed with maxillofacial abscess admitted to the Maxillofacial Surgery Ward Shaheed Rajaie Surgical Acute Care Center of Shiraz, Iran from 2019-2021.

Method:

A cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample included patients diagnosed with the abscess of odontogenic origin. Data collection tools included personal profile registration form, chief complainant and clinical evaluation, laboratory test results, pus culture, antibiogram results, and head and neck CT scan changes form. Data was reported with descriptive statistics by SPSS-16 software.

Results:

The majority of patients were male; infection duration was 10 days; maximum mouth opening size was less than 20 mm in more than half of patients.The scan revealed 41.8% abscess, 36.4% cellulite, and 21.8% mixed abscess and cellulitis. There was 29.1% involvement of salivary glands. The majority of abscesses were unifocal involved in the submandibular space, and the least involvement was in peri mandibular space and carotid sheath. The most common organism causing was staphylococcal abscess coagulase-negative.

Conclusion:

In patients with maxillofacial abscess requiring hospitalization, the most common clinical features were trismus, toxic appearance, and dysphagia, and the most common source of abscess in scanning patients with mandibular molars was the most involved submandibular space and pterygomandibular space. Vancomycin, cotrimoxazole, and cefazolin had the greatest effect in the treatment of odontogenic infections in terms of antibiogram results and microbial culture.
A study on patterns, indications, and complications of an enteric stoma
Authors: Pandiaraja Jayabal , Chakkarapani Rajesh , Arumugam Shalini
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Stoma could be a surgically created opening within the abdominal wall. The main purpose of the stoma is to divert the excreta off from the distal intestinal loops to relieve an obstruction or protect anastomosis. The indications for stoma creation are intestinal obstruction due to benign or malignant tumors, perforation peritonitis, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal malignancies, and anorectal malformations.

Aim of the study:

The study aimed to identify the patterns, indications, and complications that occur following the creation of enteric stomas.

Materials and Methods:

It is a prospective observational study conducted from May 2012 to October 2015 on a hundred patients, who were admitted in the department of general surgery, surgical gastroenterology, and pediatric surgery, Government Stanley Medical College and Hospital. The sampling method followed here is the non-probability convenience sampling technique. The data is collected from all the patients who come under the inclusion criteria.

Results:

Of 100 patients, the majority of the patients belonged to 26–35 years and 46–55 years (n = 25). Based on the study, loop colostomy is more common with age less than one year and loop ileostomy is more common in 26–55 years. The foremost common indication of an enteric stoma is a gastrointestinal malignancy (25%) followed by abdominal trauma (22%). In our study, an ileostomy (80%) is the most common type of stoma created followed by colostomy. Within the ileostomy, loop ileostomy is the more common (60%) followed by end ileostomy (20%). Among the complications related to an enteric stoma, skin excoriation (54.4%) is most common followed by surgical site infections (8.5%).

Conclusion:

Our study shows stoma creation is higher in the adult and old age group, mostly done as an emergency procedure compared to an elective procedure. So, better preoperative planning in both emergency and elective settings can reduce the number of stoma and its related complications. The duration of hospital stay is higher in stoma patients. So, the reduction in stoma creation leads to a reduction in complication, duration of hospital stays and indirectly reduces expenditure related to it. In our study, most of the stoma is created for obstruction in malignancy and perforation in trauma patients. From our study, we can observe early diagnosis of intestinal malignancy with a well-planned elective procedure or bride procedure like colonic stenting in malignant obstruction can reduce the number of stoma creation. Skin excoriation is the most complication followed by surgical site infections. These complications can be reduced by better postoperative stoma care and early reversal of stoma.
Pregnancy outcomes and vertical transmission capability of SARS-CoV-2 infection among asymptomatic females
Authors: Kumari Kalpana , Yadav Ramakant , Mittra Sangh , Kumar Arushi , Bajpai Prashant K. , Srivastava Dhiraj K. , Kumar Raj
Published: October 2021

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic is still spreading throughout the world along with its strange and frightening mutations, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it as a global pandemic.

Objective:

The present investigation aims to evaluate the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on mother and newborn outcomes and the vertical transmission potential of this virus.

Study Design:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care dedicated COVID-19 hospital. A total of 40 pregnant females (RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2) and their 41 neonates (including stillbirths and a twin delivery) were included in the present study.

Results:

All the mothers in the study were SARS-CoV-2 positive on the RT-PCR test, but none had any COVID-19 symptoms (pneumonia-like fever, cough, fatigue, sore throat, shortness of breath, and diarrhea). Out of 41 newborns, 38 (92.7%) were healthy, one (2.4%) was a stillbirth, and two newborns (4.9%) could not be revived. All the 41 (100.0%) neonates, including stillborn and preterm were negative for the SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test. Twenty-Six neonates (63.4%) were delivered by caesarean section, whereas 15 cases (36.6%) had a normal vaginal delivery.

Conclusion:

The present study showed no suggestion of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant females. Therefore, the placenta might function as a barrier to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Also, there were no complications come upon during the delivery of any neonate in the present study.
Utilization of antenatal care services in a remote, tribal and hilly district of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Purohit Neha
Published: October 2021

Background:

A traditional African phrase, 'A pregnant woman has one foot in the grave' expresses the immense health risks associated with pregnancy and childbirth. Antenatal care (ANC) is considered an important determinant to alleviate mortalities and morbidities associated with maternal health.

Objectives:

The study aimed to identify the utilization pattern of ANC services by pregnant women in a remote, tribal, and hilly district of Himachal Pradesh and to understand their healthcare needs during antenatal period.

Methods:

A community based descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 41 far-flung villages of Lahaul and Spiti district in Himachal Pradesh, India, using a mixed-method approach of data collection. Purposive sampling was done to select 103 females who had experienced delivery in the past 2 years and were residents of Lahaul for minimum of 3 years. The participants were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire and the data were analysed by SPSS-20.

Results:

The study revealed high utilization of ANC services by indigenous women, but it was accompanied by physical, psychological, and financial hardships. The triple challenge of inadequacy of quality antenatal services, transport facilities, and unfavourable weather conditions compelled women to leave their communities in Lahaul and relocate to adjoining districts during the maternity period.

Conclusion:

Pregnancy is still a stressful event that disrupts the link between families and communities in such underserved areas. The study recommends the establishment of programs that promote availability of quality ANC services within the rural and remote communities.
Oral appliances for obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Belkhode Vikram , Godbole Surekha , Nimonkar Sharayu , Parhad Sameer , Nimonkar Pranali
Published: October 2021

Background:

As per the current epidemiological studies, the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among the adult population is very high. Oral appliances (OAs) have emerged as the most recommended alternative treatment option for mild to moderate OSA.

Objective:

The objective of this article is to propose or develop a new design of OA named “customized maxillary oral appliance (CMOA),” for managing moderate OSA syndrome.

Methods:

The design proposed in this article is first of its kind that is fabricated on the maxillary arch. CMOA is developed by combining the principles of the three most popular OAs used in OSA, namely, soft palate lifters, tongue retaining devices, and mandibular advancement devices.

Conclusions:

Given the potential impact of OSA on general and mental health and the side effects of existing appliances, there is a need for a new remedy to be introduced in the field of sleep medicine. This novel design can provide a new therapeutic option for patients with moderate OSA.
Isolated Soft-Tissue Aspergilloma at the Right Lateral Side of Nose Mimicking as Tuberculoma
Authors: Mahendra Nagendra , Ingle Abhijeet , Momin Majed Abdul Basit , Rehman Shumaila Abdul , Borad Dharmendra Kumar
Published: October 2021

Aspergilloma is a mycotic infection and is characterized by a mass with soft-tissue attenuation without tissue invasion. Aspergilloma at the lateral aspect of the nose is a very rare location and poses clinical and diagnostic challenge as cytological examination mimics tuberculoma. We report the case of an immunocompetent elderly male with painless nodular swelling at the right side of the nose for 3 months with fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) reported elsewhere as granulomatous inflammation suggestive of tuberculosis. Subsequently, repeat FNAC cytological examination with the application of special stain and submission of aspirated material for microbiological 10% potassium hydroxide mounting and culture-confirmed fungal infection as Aspergillus flavus.A high index of clinical suspicion, the utility of FNAC, application of special stains, and communication with pathologist and microbiologist clinches the diagnosis. The patient was successfully treated with antifungal therapy (Voriconazole) and swelling completely resolved after 6 weeks of treatment.
The adiabatic groupoid and the Higson–Roe exact sequence
Authors: Zenobi Vito Felice
Published: October 2021

Let

\widetilde{X}

be a smooth Riemannian manifold equipped with a proper, free, isometric, and cocompact action of a discrete group

\Gamma

. In this paper, we prove that the analytic surgery exact sequence of Higson–Roe for

\widetilde{X}

is isomorphic to the exact sequence associated to the adiabatic deformation of the Lie groupoid

\widetilde{X}\times_\Gamma\widetilde{X}

. We then generalize this result to the context of smoothly stratified manifolds. Finally, we show, by means of the aforementioned isomorphism, that the

\varrho

-classes associated to a metric with a positive scalar curvature defined by Piazza and Schick (2014) correspond to the

\varrho

-classes defined by Zenobi (2019).
Changes in endogenous levels of IAA and PAA in rice seed during	development, prediction of auxin signaling proteins and docking for its binding efficiency with auxin molecules
Authors: Jhala V.M. , Chudasama K.S. , Chudasama K.S. , Thaker V.S.
Published: October 2021

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and phenyl acetic acid (PAA) are two major physiologically active auxins, found in higher plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the endogenous levels of IAA and PAA in rice (Oryza sativa) seed and predict probable transporter and efflux (signaling) proteins for docking with auxins from the available rice genome data. IAA and PAA were estimated during rice seed development using sensitive and specific antibodies against each hormone. The levels of IAA and PAA were higher when sink size development was at its peak, suggesting an important role played by the auxin in sink size development of rice seed. Furthermore, auxin binding transporters proteins of rice were confirmed for docking purpose and compared with Arabidopsis and maize proteins. In this context, PAA docked with known IAA proteins; although, docking score of IAA was higher than that of PAA in rice seed. Twelve genes of the auxin efflux carrier (PIN family) of rice were also analysed for phylogeny relatedness with Arabidopsis and maize, to further understanding auxin concentrations and efflux within rice seeds. The predicted PIN proteins for IAA efflux of rice showed docking affinities with PAA, revealed its role in maintaining physiological concentrations of auxins in rice seeds.
Efficacité des techniques de greffage pour l’adéquation aux porte-greffes de cajou
Authors: Yélouassi D. , Yélouassi D. , Akpo E. , Adandonon A. , Balogoun I.
Published: October 2021

En absence de semences graines performantes capables d’assurer l’installation de plantations hautement productives, la multiplication végétative des plants d’anacardier reste une alternative viable pour obtenir des plantations homogènes et productives au Bénin. Pour ce fait, deux méthodes de greffage sont davantage utilisées par les pépiniéristes pour la production de plants greffés à savoir : la méthode en fente terminale et la méthode par placage. Cette étude a été menée pour étudier l’influence de ces techniques et de l’origine du greffon sur la croissance et l’aptitude au greffage des porte-greffes en période sèche au Bénin. L’étude a été menée à l’Université Nationale d’Agriculture du Bénin d’août 2019 à février 2020. Les porte-greffes utilisés, ont été produits à partir de semences certifiées du Centre de Recherches Agricoles-Centre du Bénin. Les traitements comprenaient la technique de greffage avec deux variantes (greffage par placage et greffage en fente terminale), et l’origine du greffon avec trois variantes (greffon d’Adakplamè, greffon de Sodji et greffon d’Agozounmè). Les mesures de protection phytosanitaires ont été prises et ont consisté en un traitement de toutes les unités parcellaires avec du Topbio pour combattre les insectes défoliateurs qui ont attaqué les plants greffés au cours de l’essai. Les résultats ont révélé que l’origine du greffon a une influence significative (P<0.05) sur la survie et la croissance en hauteur des plants greffés mais n’a aucun effet significatif sur la reprise et la croissance en diamètre de ces plants. Par contre, la technique de greffage a un effet significatif (P<0.005) sur la reprise et la survie des plants greffés ainsi que sur la croissance en hauteur et en diamètre de ces plants. En effet, un taux de reprise de 64,18 et 52,92 % a été observé respectivement pour le greffage par placage et le greffage en fente terminale mais seulement 44, 81 et 34,65 % des plants ont survécu respectivement pour le greffage par placage et le greffage en fente terminale, un mois après le greffage. En ce qui concerne la croissance des plants greffés, un accroissement moyen de 7,01 cm en hauteur et 1,15 mm en diamètre pour le greffage par placage contre 9,18 cm en hauteur et 1,55 mm en diamètre pour le greffage en fente terminale a été observé. Ces résultats stipulent que le greffage par placage est plus indiqué en saison sèche pour avoir un bon taux de réussite tandis que le greffage en fente terminale est plus indiqué pour une croissance rapide en hauteur et en diamètre des plants greffés.
Management of Orthopaedic Injuries following 2015 Gorkha Earthquake: Our Experience in Public Health Concern Trust Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Shikshya Prakash , Bogatee Umesh Bahadur , Shrestha Roshan Lal , Dangal Ganesh , Shakya Anil , Shrestha Niraj , Bijuchhe Anuj Raj , Dangal Ojash
Published: October 2021

Background: On April 25 2015, a magnitude of 7.8 earthquake struck in central Nepal, causing a huge physical and social disturbances. Physical impacts comprised casualties with deaths and injuries and damage to infrastructure, cultural heritage and natural environment while social impacts are demographic, psychological and economic consequences. We report our experience in treating victims who were brought at our centre via different means.Objectives: to provide an overview the caseload and provide analysis of earthquake victims for improving the future strategies in similar scenarios.Methods: A retrospective study of the clinical characteristics and patterns of hospitalised patient after the 2015 earthquake was conducted. Demographic evaluation, surgical procedures and morbidities were reviewed. The patients were followed up for an average of 24 months, detail records were kept on their recovery and function.Results: A total of 85 patients were treated with subsequent follow-up. The proportion of males admitted was similar to that of females (49.4% and 50.5% respectively). The highest number of admitted age group ranges (17- 45) was about 37.64%. Most injured site was lower limbs (68.23%) where fracture tibia and fibula had the highest incidence (56.89%). Out of all, 14.11% of cases were open fractures. Trauma severity was assessed with injury severity score and most of them categorized as mild one (95.29%). The most common procedure performed was closed reduction and pinning (n=28), followed by open reduction and fixation (n=24). Overall, mortality rate was 2.35% (2 of 85). Total 25 implants were removed within three years of period and 28.6% of patients were not returned to date.Conclusions: The injury epidemiology reported in this study showed quite congruence with most other earthquake related studies. Analysis profiles of injuries and clinical features of earthquake victims will definitely impact rescue efforts and treatment of fracture injuries in possible future natural calamities.