bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Kinematic Positioning (RTK) for Monitoring of Barchan Dune Migration in the Sanlongsha Dune Field, the Northern Kumtagh Sand Sea, China
Authors: Xing Xuegang , Yang Zhuanling , Qian Guangqiang , Zhou Guanghong
Published: September 2023

Dune migration is one of the main processes in arid lands’ geomorphology and is important for the design of windbreaks and sand fixation projects and for the monitoring of desertification dynamics. We conducted long-term continuous positioning monitoring of barchan dunes using RTK equipment and wind regime monitoring in the Sanlongsha dune field, which is located in the northern part of China’s Kumtagh Desert. We analyzed the wind energy environment of the study area, the migration characteristics of different positions in the barchan dune, and dune shape changes during different periods. We found that (1) comparing the differences in migration distance and direction measured at six positions in the barchan, there existed variations in barchan migration across these positions. (2) The shape changes at the left horn, right horn, and windward slope of barchans were larger than at the center of the leeward toe and brink, so the estimates based on measurements at these four positions had a weaker fit with the resultant drift potential (RDP) and a greater difference from the resultant drift direction (RDD). (3) The shape of the leeward slope on the barchan did not change much during dune migration, so the center of the leeward toe and brink measurements were closer to the actual dune migration distance and direction. Thus, we recommend using the center of the leeward toe or brink as the optimal measurement points to monitor barchan dune migration. This study will provide a reference for the more accurate measurement of barchan dune migration.
Assessment of the Radiometric Calibration Consistency of Reflective Solar Bands between Terra and Aqua MODIS in Upcoming Collection-7 L1B
Authors: Wu Aisheng , Xiong Xiaoxiong , Angal Amit , Mu Qiaozhen , Li Sherry
Published: September 2023

Two MODIS sensors onboard the Terra and Aqua spacecraft have been successfully operating for over twenty-three and twenty-one years, respectively, providing the worldwide user community with high-quality imagery and radiometric Earth observations of the land, atmosphere, cryosphere, and oceans. This study provides an assessment of the radiometric calibration stability and consistency of Terra and Aqua MODIS RSB using the L1B from the upcoming Collection 7 release. Several independent vicarious approaches based on measurements from the Libya-4 desert, Dome C, DCC, and SNO are used to assess the calibration stability at the beginning of scan, nadir, and end of scan. Results indicate that both Terra and Aqua RSB are stable to within 1% over their mission periods. Comparison of the normalized reflectances with either a BRDF model or a common reference sensor provides a radiometric assessment of Terra and Aqua calibration consistency. Comparison results show the VIS/NIR bands are in good agreement around the nadir and at the beginning of the scan for all the approaches. For cases at the end of the scan, the agreement varies depending on the approach but is typically within ±2%. The differences observed in the SWIR bands are slightly larger than the VIS/NIR bands, which are likely due to their high sensitivity to atmospheric conditions and relatively larger electronic crosstalk impact on the Terra instrument.
Estimating the Quality of the Most Popular Machine Learning Algorithms for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in 2018 Mw 7.5 Palu Earthquake
Authors: Ma Siyuan , Shao Xiaoyi , Xu Chong
Published: September 2023

The Mw 7.5 Palu earthquake that occurred on 28 September 2018 (UTC 10:02) on Sulawesi Island, Indonesia, triggered approximately 15,600 landslides, causing about 4000 fatalities and widespread destruction. The primary objective of this study is to perform landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) associated with this event and assess the performance of the most widely used machine learning algorithms of logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF). Eight controlling factors were considered, including elevation, hillslope gradient, aspect, relief, distance to rivers, peak ground velocity (PGV), peak ground acceleration (PGA), and lithology. To evaluate model uncertainty, training samples were randomly selected and used to establish the models 20 times, resulting in 20 susceptibility maps for different models. The quality of the landslide susceptibility maps was evaluated using several metrics, including the mean landslide susceptibility index (LSI), modelling uncertainty, and predictive accuracy. The results demonstrate that both models effectively capture the actual distribution of landslides, with areas exhibiting high LSI predominantly concentrated on both sides of the seismogenic fault. The RF model exhibits less sensitivity to changes in training samples, whereas the LR model displays significant variation in LSI with sample changes. Overall, both models demonstrate satisfactory performance; however, the RF model exhibits superior predictive capability compared to the LR model.
Passive Soil Arching Effect in Aeolian Sand Backfills for Grillage Foundation
Authors: Zhang Chengcheng , Liu Guanshi , Tian Shengkui , Cai Mingxuan
Published: September 2023

The passive soil arching effect exists in many soil–grille interaction systems. Increasing mental grillage foundations are used for transmission lines in aeolian sand areas; thus, exploring the evolution mechanism of passive soil arching is crucial. This study investigates the evolution and influencing factors of passive soil arching through a series of tests using a trapdoor device and particle image velocimetry (PIV). The test results show that the evolution of the arching structure causes the aeolian sand deformation to gradually extend to the backfill surface and stationary zone, generating two triangular arching surfaces between the movable beams and sliding surface at the junction of the active and stationary zones. Cracks in the arching and sliding surfaces were connected to form a W-shaped shear band. The development of the soil pressure was divided into four arching structure stages. The different stages of the inner and outer arches of the bearing characteristics had strong differences. Taking the appearance of the first arch surface as the time point, the soil pressure changes abruptly and the inner and outer arches alternate to bear the as a major role. The beam spacing significantly affected the arching evolution. A smaller beam spacing formed an initial bending configuration with an inconspicuous arching structure and incomplete shear band. As the beam spacing increased, the arching shape changed from triangular to parabolic, sudden changes in the soil pressure were more pronounced, and the arch height increased. The relative density and water content had little impact on the arch shape and shear zone but significantly affected the arching strength, soil pressure transfer, and arching height. The medium and high relative densities and low water contents resulted in a stronger arching structure and greater arching height, while low relative densities and high water contents weakened the soil pressure transfer. The range values for the optimum beam spacing, relative density, and water contents are given based on the variation characteristics of the evaluated parameters (E, n) under different conditions.
Anti-Inflammatory Property Establishment of Fulvic Acid Transdermal Patch in Animal Model
Authors: Konnova Maria A. , Volkov Alexander A. , Solovyeva Anna G. , Peretyagin Peter V. , Melnikova Nina B.
Published: September 2023

The formulation of the transdermal patch with fulvic acid (FA) on an emulsion basis using pluronic Kolliphor® p237 as a permeability enhancer was developed and studied for anti-inflammatory properties. FA was isolated from the peat in the Nizhny Novgorod region of Russia and characterized as a potential active pharmaceutical ingredient. In vitro studies of the release of FA from the transdermal patch, as well as the FA penetration through the acetyl cellulose membrane using the Franz diffusion cell, showed its high efficiency (56% and 90%, respectively, in 8 h). In the in vivo experiment, qualitative and quantitative features of the rat knee caused by complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis (morphological changes, the FA influence on the biochemical indexes) were studied. The inflammatory process that developed within 15 days was accompanied by the activation of antioxidant oxidoreductase enzymes (by 50–70%), the increase in the cross-sectional diameter of the cartilage, and the increase in the values of marker indicators of the process of rheumatoid arthritis. Within 7 days of treatment, under the influence of FA, the values of ESR, RF, leukocytes, C-reactive protein, as well as the biochemical parameters characterizing oxidative stress (SOD, catalase, glutathione reductase, LDH, G6PD) normalized, and the edema reduced. These results may be useful for arthritis treatment using the transdermal patch with FA.
Contamination and Risk of Heavy Metals in Sediments from Zhuzhou, Xiangtan and Changsha Sections of the Xiangjiang River, Hunan Province of China
Authors: Zhang Kun , Peng Bo , Yang Xia
Published: September 2023

This study focuses on the riverbed sediments in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan (CS-ZZ-XT) section of the lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River. Principal element analysis, ecological risk analysis, and early warning methods were used to explore the distribution pattern and risk assessment of various chemical elements in the sediments. The results indicated that the vertical distributions of Sc, Co, Th, and U were more homogeneous, while Cr, V, Cu, and Ni distributed heterogeneously with significant changes. Risk assessment of heavy metals was explored by using the Geoaccumulation index, potential ecological risk index, and ecological risk index, suggesting that the contamination levels followed: ZZ > XT > CS. ZU and ZX points in the ZZ section exhibited the higher ecological risk. The ecological risk of heavy metals followed the order of: Pb > Cu > Zn > Ni > Co > Mn > V > Cr, and the contamination of Cd and Mn was located at the severe warning condition. Additionally, it was suggested that Th, U, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Mn mostly originated from both anthropogenic activities and natural processes, while Ni, Cr, Co, V, Sc, and Ba were derived from natural processes. Therefore, the contamination of Cd, Th, U, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Mn, especially Cd and Mn, should be considered by the environmental protection strategies in the studied watershed.
Industrial Tourism as a Factor of Sustainability and Competitiveness in Operating Industrial Companies
Authors: Montenegro Zulmira , Marques Jorge , Sousa Cristina
Published: September 2023

This paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) about industrial tourism and intends to show how this product can increase sustainability and competitiveness in operating industrial companies. It uses bibliometric analysis with data from 32 journal articles that address this topic. Through this sample of articles, we do not intend to generalize conclusions but rather to concretely identify factors of sustainability and competitiveness based on a set of scientific studies that met a very specific set of criteria. Industrial tourism is categorized as a form of tourism encompassing excursions to industrial locations spanning the spectrum of contemporary, historical, or prospective significance. This encompasses venues that have ceased their industrial operations, presently functioning industrial enterprises, and forthcoming industrial establishments. Additionally, it involves visits to other destinations with an industrial theme, such as industrial technology hubs, museums, industrial tourist routes, educational institutions with industrial programs, laboratories, and analogous venues. The focus of this article is to analyze the literature on industrial tourism from the point of view of active industrial companies, the so-called “living industry”, to identify how this type of tourism can contribute to enhancing these companies. Industrial tourism allows industrial companies to achieve environmental, social, and economic benefits and can be seen as a marketing tool and a promoter of innovation within companies.
Evaluation of the Impacts of Change in Land Use/Cover on Carbon Storage in Multiple Scenarios in the Taihang Mountains, China
Authors: Guo Huanchao , He Shi , Jing Haitao , Yan Geding , Li Hui
Published: September 2023

Research on the spatiotemporal changes in land use/cover (LUC) and carbon storage (CS) in the region of the Taihang Mountains in various developmental scenarios can provide significant guidance for optimizing the structure of LUC and formulating ecologically friendly economic development policies. We employed the PLUS and InVEST models to study change in LUC and CS in the Taihang Mountains from 1990 to 2020. Based on these results, we established three distinct development scenarios: a business-as-usual development scenario, a cropland protection scenario, and an ecological conservation scenario. Based on these three developmental scenarios, we simulated the spatiotemporal changes in LUC and CS in the Taihang Mountains in 2035. The results indicate that: (1) from 1990 to 2020, the CS in the Taihang Mountains increased from 1575.91 Tg to 1598.57 Tg, with a growth rate of approximately 1.44%. The primary source of this growth is attributed to the expansion of forests. (2) In the business-as-usual development scenario, the growth rate of CS in the Taihang Mountains was approximately 0.45%, indicating a slowdown in the trend. This suggests that economic development has the consequences of aggravating human–land conflicts, leading to a deceleration in the growth of CS. (3) In the cropland protection scenario, the increase in the CS in the Taihang Mountains was similar to the CS increase in the business-as-usual development scenario. However, the expansion of cropland dominated by impermeable surfaces, which indicates economic development, was considerably constrained in this scenario. (4) In the ecological conservation scenario, the increase in carbon storage in the Taihang Mountains was 1.16%, which is the fastest among all three scenarios. At the same time, there was a certain degree of development of impermeable surfaces, achieving a balance between economic development and ecological conservation.
Mapping the Multi-Vulnerabilities of Outdoor Places to Enhance the Resilience of Historic Urban Districts: The Case of the Apulian Region Exposed to Slow and Rapid-Onset Disasters
Authors: Cantatore Elena , Esposito Dario , Sonnessa Alberico
Published: September 2023

Recent critical events brought attention to the increasing exposure of urban environments to both slow and rapid onset disasters, which arise from both anthropogenic and natural causes. These events have particularly severe effects on historic centres, which are characterized by high levels of vulnerability and valuable assets exposed to risk. To minimize the impact on tangible and intangible cultural heritage values, especially in outdoor public areas such as squares and streets, it is crucial to establish coherent mitigative and adaptive solutions for different types of hazards. This research presents a methodology aimed at defining levels of multi-vulnerabilities in historic districts in the Apulia Region (Italy), considering the recurrent hazards to which the latter is prone. It uses a multi-step process based on structured and non-structured methodologies and tools for single risks, examined in combination, to determine the main properties characterizing the vulnerability assessment. The dataset was analyzed in a GIS environment to evaluate the selected Apulian case study (Molfetta) in Multi-Asynchronous Hazard scenarios, showing the compounded levels of criticalities for open areas and streets. This information is intended to support authority and emergency managers in identifying priority interventions and increasing the resilience of the outdoor public places.
Toward Food Security in 2050: Gene Pyramiding for Climate-Smart Rice
Authors: Isnaini Isnaini , Nugraha Yudhistira , Baisakh Niranjan , Carsono Nono
Published: September 2023

The decline in crop productivity due to climate change is a major issue that threatens global food security and is the main challenge for breeders today in developing sustainable varieties with a wider tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Breeding climate-smart rice (CSR) cultivars may be the best adaptation to climate change, with the potential to improve future food security and profitability for farmers in many nations. The main objective of this review is to highlight the direction of development of superior rice breeding from time to time, and various studies of new techniques of breeding methods for pyramiding various superior rice characteristics, especially characteristics related to abiotic stress, and to make a climate-suitable genotype that is resilient to climate change. For the design and strategy of the information search, a methodology was followed to compile and summarize the latest existing studies on rice breeding for abiotic stresses. The findings revealed that there is still an empty research gap in the context of supplying CSR products, which should be a priority for rice researchers in order to increase dissemination and ensure food security for future generations, particularly in climatically vulnerable agro-ecologies. And we conclude that, while technological innovation, specifically the integration of DNA markers and the genomic approach into conventional breeding programs, has made major contributions to the development of CSR, there is an urgent need to build strategic plans for the development of varieties with various stress tolerances.
How Can Psychology Contribute to Climate Change Governance? A Systematic Review
Authors: Freschi Gloria , Menegatto Marialuisa , Zamperini Adriano
Published: September 2023

The urgency to reply to climate change requires a governance perspective that connects multiple societal levels and sectors and involves a plurality of actors. Psychologists should take an important role in addressing the ongoing climate crisis, together with other practitioners, scholars, policymakers and citizens. This systematic review aims to show the contribution psychology has offered in the governance of climate change, illustrating how psychological scholarship is positioned in the interdisciplinary discourse on climate governance and the way psychological constructs and theories are implemented. Following the PRISMA guidelines, two electronic databases (APA PsycInfo and Scopus) were screened, and 52 publications meeting the eligibility criteria were included and thoroughly analysed. The literature at the intersection between climate governance and governance is relatively scarce, yet it covers different domains and scales of analysis. Psychological contributions are always integrated into a broader interdisciplinary discourse spanning from the environmental to the social sciences, yet a scarce theoretical specificity has been documented. We found an abundance of research on the determinants of pro-environmental behaviours, which often neglects context-grounded factors, while the relational and dynamic dimensions of governance concerning group processes and collective engagement are rarely taken into due consideration. We argue that psychologists should continue engaging in interdisciplinary collaborations to collectively craft climate solutions, especially focusing on citizenry’s active engagement. Deeper theoretical elaboration on the interface between governance and psychology is needed, particularly from an ecological and systemic perspective.
Current Soil Degradation Assessment in the Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam, by Multi-Criteria Analysis and GIS Technology
Authors: Nguyen Son Hoang , Nguyen Dan Ngoc , Nguyen Thu Nhung , Pham Hai Hoang , Phan Hang Anh , Dao Cham Dinh
Published: September 2023

This article aims to provide a scientific basis for solutions to use soil cover for sustainable agricultural and rational forestry development. We used traditional methods such as survey and data collection; soil profile comparison method; vegetation indicator for soil degradation; determining the physical and chemical limiting factors of the soil; combined with the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology and the multi-criteria method (MCE) to conduct a soil degradation assessment for the Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. In this study, nine indicators affecting the current soil degradation were selected and then the single-dimensional maps were superimposed to form the current soil degradation map for the study area at a scale of 1/10,000. The study results show that: lightly degraded soil accounts for 48.81% of the total natural area of the study area; medium degradation accounts for 22.07%; and severe degradation accounts for 19.66%. The study results show that most of the soil in the study area is at a moderate to severe level of degradation and shows the need for synchronous implementation of reasonable solutions to prevent degradation and use soil sustainably in the Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam.
Adapting Disaster Preparedness Strategies to Changing Climate Patterns in Saudi Arabia: A Rapid Review
Authors: Mani Zakaria A. , Goniewicz Krzysztof
Published: September 2023

This rapid review critically evaluates the impact of climate change on Saudi Arabia, elucidating its adaptive measures and the ensuing global ramifications. Using a structured framework, we conducted exhaustive database searches spanning 2010–2023, focusing on articles pertinent to Saudi Arabia’s climate adaptation and disaster readiness. Through a rigorous dual-reviewer process, the data was systematically synthesized. Our findings reveal that Saudi Arabia confronts pressing water scarcity issues, particularly highlighted by a surge in desalination dependence, which presents both sustainability and adaptability challenges. Infrastructure resilience in key cities such as Riyadh and Jeddah stands out, emphasizing innovative solutions imperative to counteracting unforeseen environmental disruptions. Furthermore, the nation’s endeavor to meld its deep-rooted cultural legacy with emergent environmental imperatives is distinctive, representing a confluence of tradition and contemporaneity that resonates globally. The geopolitical dynamics, accentuated by Saudi Arabia’s dominant role in international arenas, bring to the fore the socio-political and economic shifts induced by climate change. Additionally, the dawn of technological advancements underscores the pivotal role of robust digital frameworks in countering climatic challenges. Saudi Arabia’s policy and governance undertakings furnish salient insights into adaptive modalities, underscoring a triad of collaboration, vision, and ingenuity. Conclusively, this review delineates Saudi Arabia’s intricate trajectory through climate change intricacies, affording pivotal insights that bear significance for global scientific discourse on adaptive strategies, particularly emphasizing the integral balance of tradition, modernity, and innovation.
SIMEX Estimation of Partially Linear Multiplicative Regression Model with Mismeasured Covariates
Authors: Chen Wei , Wan Mingzhen
Published: September 2023

In many practical applications, such as the studies of financial and biomedical data, the response variable usually is positive, and the commonly used criteria are based on absolute errors, which is not desirable. Rather, the relative errors are more of concern. We consider statistical inference for a partially linear multiplicative regression model when covariates in the linear part are measured with error. The simulation–extrapolation (SIMEX) estimators of parameters of interest are proposed based on the least product relative error criterion and B-spline approximation, where two kinds of relative errors are both introduced and the symmetry emerges in the loss function. Extensive simulation studies are conducted and the results show that the proposed method can effectively eliminate the bias caused by the measurement errors. Under some mild conditions, the asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator is established. Finally, a real example is analyzed to illustrate the practical use of our proposed method.
The Formulation of Scaling Expansion in an Euler-Poisson Dark-Fluid Model
Authors: Szigeti Balázs Endre , Barna Imre Ferenc , Barnaföldi Gergely Gábor
Published: September 2023

We present a dark fluid model described as a non-viscous, non-relativistic, rotating, and self-gravitating fluid. We assume that the system has spherical symmetry and that the matter can be described by the polytropic equation of state. The induced coupled nonlinear partial differential system of equations was solved using a self-similar time-dependent ansatz introduced by L. Sedov and G.I. Taylor. These kinds of solutions were successfully used to describe blast waves induced by an explosion following the Guderley–Landau–Stanyukovich problem. We show that the result of our quasi-analytic solutions are fully consistent with the Newtonian cosmological framework. We analyzed relevant quantities from the model, namely, the evolution of the Hubble parameter and the density parameter ratio, finding that our solutions can be applied to describe normal-to-dark energy on the cosmological scale.
Spying on SARS-CoV-2 with Fluorescent Tags and Protease Reporters
Authors: To Tsz-Leung , Li Xiaoquan , Shu Xiaokun
Published: September 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has caused worldwide disruption through the COVID-19 pandemic, providing a sobering reminder of the profound impact viruses can have on human well-being. Understanding virus life cycles and interactions with host cells lays the groundwork for exploring therapeutic strategies against virus-related diseases. Fluorescence microscopy plays a vital role in virus imaging, offering high spatiotemporal resolution, sensitivity, and spectroscopic versatility. In this opinion piece, we first highlight two recent techniques, SunTag and StayGold, for the in situ imaging of viral RNA translation and viral assembly. Next, we discuss a new class of genetically encoded fluorogenic protease reporters, such as FlipGFP, which can be customized to monitor SARS-CoV-2’s main (Mpro) or papain-like (PLpro) protease activity. These assays have proven effective in identifying potential antivirals through high-throughput screening, making fluorogenic viral protease reporters a promising platform for viral disease diagnostics and therapeutics.
Impacts of Solid-State Fermented Barley with Fibrolytic Exogenous Enzymes on Feed Utilization, and Antioxidant Status of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Ibrahim Doaa , El-sayed Hassainen I. , Mahmoud Elsabbagh R. , El-Rahman Ghada I. Abd , Bazeed Shefaa M. , Abdelwarith Abdelwahab A. , Elgamal Aya , Khalil Samah S. , Younis Elsayed M. , Kishawy Asmaa T. Y. , Davies Simon J. , Metwally Abdallah E.
Published: September 2023

The present and future high demand of common cereals as corn and wheat encourage the development of feed processing technology that allows for the dietary inclusion of other cereals of low nutritional value in poultry feeding. Barley grains contain anti-nutritional factors that limit their dietary inclusion in the poultry industry. The treatment of barley with solid-state fermentation and exogenous enzymes (FBEs) provides a good alternative to common cereals. In this study, barley grains were subjected to solid-state microbial fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes. This study aimed to assess the impact of FBEs on growth, feed utilization efficiency, immune modulation, antioxidant status and the expression of intestinal barrier and nutrient transporter-related genes. One-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308, n = 400) comprised four representative groups with ten replicates (10 chicks/replicate) and were fed corn-soybean meal basal diets with inclusions of FBEs at 0, 5, 10 and 15% for 38 days. Solid-state fermentation of barley grains with fibrolytic enzymes increased protein content, lowered crude fiber and reduced sugars compared to non-fermented barley gains. In consequence, the group fed FBEs10% had the superior feed utilization efficiency and body weight gain (increased by 4.7%) with higher levels of nutrient metabolizability, pancreatic digestive enzyme activities and low digesta viscosity. Notably, the group fed FBEs10% showed an increased villi height and a decreased crypt depth with a remarkable hyperactivity of duodenal glands. In addition, higher inclusion levels of FBEs boosted serum immune-related parameters and intestinal and breast muscle antioxidants status. Intestinal nutrient transporters encoding genes (GLUT-1, CAAT-1, LAT1 and PepT-1) and intestinal barriers encoding genes (MUC-2, JAM-2, occludin, claudins-1 and β-defensin 1) were upregulated with higher dietary FBEs levels. In conclusion, feeding on FBEs10% positively enhanced broiler chickens’ performance, feed efficiency and antioxidant status, and boosted intestinal barrier nutrient transporters encoding genes.
Planning and Evaluating Nature-Based Solutions for Watershed Investment Programs with a SMART Perspective Using a Distributed Modeling Tool
Authors: Jiménez Mario , Usma Cristian , Posada Daniela , Ramírez Juan , Rogéliz Carlos A. , Nogales Jonathan , Spiro-Larrea Erik
Published: September 2023

Watershed Investment Programs (WIPs) face many challenges in implementing strategies aimed at restoring and preserving ecosystem services using Nature-based Solutions (NbS). A key challenge lies in defining SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound) objectives, which involve addressing questions such as which NbS interventions to apply, where, and in what amounts. Effectively achieving WIPs’ objectives requires strategic implementation of NbS. In response to this challenge, we present SIGA-CALv1.0, a daily time-step and distributed modeling conceptual framework that enables the design and evaluation of the impact of NbS portfolios on water quantity and quality. To validate our framework, we applied it to the Arma river basin in Colombia. Our findings indicate that NbS can lead to substantial benefits, including reductions of up to 47% in sediment, 62% in nitrogen, 8% in phosphorus, and 15% in pathogen indicators (total coliforms). The proposed methodological framework offers decision-makers robust technical support for defining strategic NbS implementation plans, guided by SMART objectives. This approach strengthens the effectiveness of ecosystem services restoration and conservation strategies in watersheds, enabling more efficient resource allocation and improved environmental outcomes.
Risk factors for malignant oral mucosal lesion development (literature review). Part 1. Endogenous and biological factors
Authors: Lunitsyna Yu. V. , Lazarev A. F. , Tokmakova S. I. , Bondarenko O. V.
Published: September 2023

Relevance. Oral mucosal cancer (OMC) is the sixteenth most common cancer worldwide. The high mortality rate is mainly due to the asymptomatic course of the disease in the early stages and late detection when the tumour process poorly responds to treatment. Determining the impact of various risk factors and establishing their relationship are necessary to prevent and diagnose malignant oral mucosal lesions in the early stages.

Purpose. Based on the modern literature, the study aimed to determine the impact value of various internal and external risk factors on malignant oral mucosal lesion development and assess the risk factors’ relationship.

Material and methods. The research material included the analysis of literature from databases – Elsevier, PubMed, Elibrary, Google Academy, Medline and Cyberleninka. The study included literature sources in Russian and English.

Results. Based on modern literature, we have determined endogenous and biological risk factors for malignant oral mucosal lesion development. The study noted the high role of microbiome changes and the presence of dysbiosis in patients with malignant neoplasms and proved the direct involvement of Candida fungi in carcinogenesis. The development of oral mucosal cancer and the presence and severity of oral yeast colonization and human papillomavirus infection showed a positive correlation. Chronic oral diseases, which are susceptible to malignant transformation or contribute to the development of carcinomas, have been identified, and their relationship has been established with biological risk factors, age, sex of the patient and duration of the disease course.

Conclusion. The studies considered in this part of the review prove the influence of endogenous and biological factors on the development of malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity and determine their relationship. However, many mechanisms remain unexplored to date. Effective primary and secondary prevention implementation needs improvement and the development of a multidisciplinary approach to research methodology, study the complex impact of all groups of risk factors on the development of malignant oral mucosal lesions.
Cervical Chondrosarcoma
Authors: Sharma Anil Kumar , Singh Prashant Raj , Satpute Satish , Nayak Nitish , Gupta Ashish , Sharma Raghavendra Kumar , Nagarkar Nitin M.
Published: September 2023

Chondrosarcoma of the cervical spine is an extremely rare tumour. The indolent course and neglected behaviour of the patient often give enough time for tumour expansion. The surgical management of these types of tumours is challenging. En bloc resection is a proven ideal treatment but it is not always feasible in this region because of the proximity to vital neurovascular structures which explains the recurrence and poor prognosis of this tumour. The role of radiation and chemotherapy in these tumours is limited. We are highlighting unique huge cervical chondrosarcoma which is not mentioned in literature and its management along with a review of 34 cases, published so far.
Steps towards neuro-excellence
Authors: Ciurea Alexandru Vlad , Popa Andrei Adrian
Published: September 2023

Between September 28 and October 1, 2022, took place the 47th National Congress of the Romanian Society of Neurosurgery. It was organized in Iasi, at the Palace of Culture. On this occasion, the 26th Francophone Course and the 4th National Congress of Modern Neuroscience were held. These three events represent the quintessence of all current modern neurosurgical problems. Extremely important topics were disputed which helped to grow the passion in the hearts of young enthusiasts and their mentors.
Evaluation of surgical characteristics and clinical outcome of 11 patients with thoracic discectomy through transfacet approach
Authors: Ovalioglu Talat Cem
Published: September 2023

Background: In thoracal disc herniation (TDH) requiring surgery, the size, level, anatomic location, and calcification of the disc are extremely important in the selection of the technique to be applied. Since the thoracic region does not allow spinal cord manipulation, the surgery is difficult and requires experience. A consecutive series of patients who underwent thoracic discectomy through a posterior transfacet approach is presented in this study.
Methods: Eleven patients (6 men, and 5 women) underwent surgery at 12 disc levels. The mean age was 53.54 years (range 28-72 years). Patients presented with myelopathy (n = 8, 73%), radiculopathy (n = 7, 64%), back pain (n =10, 91%), and urinary dysfunction (n = 6, 55%). Seven (58%) lateral, 3 (25%) calcified, and 4 (33%) large disc herniations were revealed by preoperative imaging. The mean follow-up period was 21.02 ± 8.04 months (range 6 – 43 months).
Results: A posterior transfacet approach was used for all eleven patients with TDH. Thoracic discectomy was performed at T11- 12 (36%) level for 4 patients, and equally at T10- 11 (36%) level for the other 4 patients. A bilateral approach with laminotomy was performed in one patient, and a two-level discectomy was performed in another patient. Unilateral partial laminectomy was added for 3 patients. The average operating time was 146.85 minutes (range 125-220 minutes). The average hospital stay was 4.2 days (range, 2- 13 days) while no neurological functional deterioration was observed in any of the patients after surgery. Postoperative 1-month and 6-month ODI scores were found significantly different from preoperative ODI scores in all patients.
Conclusions: Thoracal discectomy through the posterior transfacet approach route is a safe and effective technique to achieve adequate decompression without requiring instrumented fusion.
Epidemio-clinical and therapeutic profile of non-traumatic medullary-radicular compressions at the University Hospital of Kinshasa
Authors: Maoneo Israël , Beltchika Antoine , Ketani Teddy , Ntsambi Glennie
Published: September 2023

Context and objectives. As the world's population ages, non-traumatic medullary-radicular compressions are becoming more common. This work aims to describe their epidemio-clinical and therapeutic aspects at the University Hospital of Kinshasa.
Methods. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study from 2016 to 2022 concerning 61 cases. Variables of interest included: sex, age, cause, level of lesion, ASIA score, treatment, complications, and destination. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and STATA 16 software.
Results. One hundred and twenty patients were operated on for medullary-radicular compression, including 61 non-traumatic (50.8%) and 59 traumatic (49.2%). Among the non-traumatic, 31 patients were male (50.8%) and 30 females (49.2%). The average age was 51.51 ± 14.21 years. Patients between the ages of 40 and 69 accounted for 68.8%. The annual curve was increasing. On admission, the clinical presentation was dominated by an incomplete neurological deficit (67.2%). The mean time to diagnosis was 188.57 days. Degenerative pathologies (63.9%) including 31 herniated discs (79.4%) and 8 cases of canal narrowing (20.6%) predominated, followed by tumors 14 (22.9%) half of which included metastases. The most performed surgical procedures included decompression laminectomy (26.2%), laminectomy-discectomy (24.5%) and laminectomy-arthrodesis (32.7%). The postoperative course was unremarkable in 67.2%, except for 15 cases of surgical site infection (24.6%) and 3 deaths (4.9%). ASIA score on dischached improved in 62.7% (p<0.001). Only 2 patients (9.8%) continued their treatment in a rehabilitation centre.
Conclusion. Non-traumatic medullary-radicular compressions are frequent in the service, more caused by herniated discs and tumours. Both sexes are equally affected and the age group is ranging from 40 to 69 years. The neurological deficit is often incomplete cord injury. Laminectomy, discectomy and arthrodesis are commonly performed. The postoperative outcome is generally better.
Les Sephardim, les Marranes, les Inquisitions péninsulaires et leurs archives dans les travaux récents de I.-S. Révah
Authors: Nahon Gérard
Published: September 2023

Compte rendu d'articles et de cours professés au Collège de France et à l'École Pratique des Hautes Études de 1966 à 1973.

I. — Les Sephardim et la version traditionnelle de la Bible. Dès le Moyen Age, les Juifs se donnèrent en Espagne une version de la Bible en langue vulgaire, plus exactement en une «langue artificielle» calquée sur l'hébreu. L'étude des «témoins» tardifs (d'abord la Bible imprimée à Ferrare en 1553) permet-elle de remonter à la version traditionnelle de la Bible des Juifs d'Espagne ?

II. — Les Marranes : familles et groupements, pratique religieuse et croyances, littérature. Les Juifs convertis de force au Portugal en 1497 donnèrent naissance à un marranisme dont les péripéties sont suivies à travers des recherches sur les familles d'Uriel da Costa, Baruch de Spinoza, Antonio Enriquez Gómez, Joäo Pinto Delgado, Duarte Dias.

III. — Les Archives inquisitoriales et l'Histoire : épistémologie et méthodologie. Quel crédit l'historien peut-il accorder aux archives de l'Inquisition ? Contre les thèses se réclamant du marxisme de M. António José Saraiva, M. I.-S. R. démontre que l'Inquisition procédait selon des canons qui lui étaient propres et que ses archives peuvent être utilisées pour reconstruire l'histoire de ses victimes. Elles attestent la préservation parmi les Nouveaux Chrétiens d'un judaïsme peut-être appauvri mais vivace. L'explication par un mécanisme économique doit être rejetée.
Le Sēfer Yezīrā. L'édition critique, le texte primitif, la grammaire et la métaphysique
Authors: Séd Nicolas
Published: September 2023

Le status quaestionis du Sēfer Yezīrā d'après trois études récentes :

I. Gruenwald propose une édition critique de ce livre en se fondant essentiellement sur un manuscrit du Xe siècle (ms. Vatican, Cat. Assemani 299 [8], fos 66a-71b) de la recension longue. C'est une contribution remarquable à l'étude des leçons les plus anciennes, mais elle appauvrit le corpus de ce livre en cherchant à ramener les trois recensions à une formule unique. Une édition critique, présentant ces trois recensions parallèlement, semble être la seule solution à retenir.

I. Weinstock établit également un texte critique du premier chapitre de ce livre. Il veut en retrouver la structure archaïque et en rétablir même la forme littéraire primitive. Sa reconstitution ne présente aucune garantie d'authenticité.

N. Allony étudie les fragments d'une grammaire très ancienne qui figure actuellement au IIe chapitre de ce livre. Il démontre les analogies frappantes avec le Kitāb al-1 Ain, œuvre du premier lexicographe arabe, Halīl Ibn Ahmad (ob. 175/797). La source des grammaires de ce type serait à rechercher chez les grammairiens indiens de l'école de Panini.
Main types of podcast advertising: foreign and Ukrainian experience
Authors: Bulakh Tetiana , Kulykova Olena , Martiukhyna Kateryna , Karpenko Olena , Putsіata Iryna
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to considering podcast advertising as a means of monetizing. The podcast advertising types are characterized. An analysis of the domestic experience of using podcasts for advertising purposes was carried out. The purpose of the article is to consider the main types of podcast advertising and analyse their use in the Ukrainian segment of the media market. Podcasts of Radio NV, Suspilny, "The Ukrainians", "Ukrainian Pravda" have been analysed. Content analysis of podcasts was chosen as the main research method to identify the types of advertising used in domestic podcasts. The main characteristics of the classification of podcast advertisements and the types that are distinguished within these characteristics have been established. It was found that Ukrainian podcasts most often use self-promotion, but there are isolated cases of partnership and sponsorship (usually at the end of the podcast) and mentions that can be identified as native advertising. It was concluded that it is too early to talk about the monetization of podcasts thanks to advertising as a mass phenomenon, it is rather an exception to the rule than a regularity. An effective way of interacting with the audience is thematic projects and those ones, which are designed for a specific brand, which is their sponsors.
Effectiveness of translation transformations in different styles of the english language for teaching written translation
Authors: Cherchata Lidiia , Korol Larysa , Rubchak Olha , Orda Oleksandra , Novytska Dariia
Published: September 2023

The issue of translation transformations for teaching written translation has been studied rarely. This study has the general purpose of urging the importance of the issue, especially in view of global digitalization, when machine translation poses a threat to flatten out the role of a human translator. A translator who does not have translation transformations skills is not in demand on the labour market. The aim of the article is to determine the effectiveness of using the method of translation transformations as a special educational technology. The method of translation transformations is tested through its application for training future foreign philologists in the written translation techniques of English texts of different styles. The final evaluation showed that on average, the respondents of the experimental group achieved the level of “Very good” (827.4 points, qualitative level – 82.8%), and the respondents of the control group – the level of “Good” (754.6 points, qualitative level – 75.5%). The data indicate the effectiveness of the method of translational transformations. However, they evidence the difficulty of achieving more significant results within the scope of a time-limited experiment.
Social Media Marketing as a tool for promoting services and goods on the internet
Authors: Iastremska Olesia , Feshchur Iryna , Lysytsia Nadiia , Martynenko Maryna , Losheniuk Oksana
Published: September 2023

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the role of social media as a powerful tool for promoting services and goods on the Internet in the conditions of impressions economy. The authors take a closer look at the role of social media in marketing strategies, its impact on consumers, and the effectiveness of campaigns. The main purpose of the article is to explore various strategies, tactics, and success factors of using social media to support a brand, engage the audience and increase sales.

Analyzing various social media marketing strategies, the authors of the article emphasize the importance of creating interesting and meaningful content and engaging with the audience. It reveals the importance of creating a brand identity and supporting it through social media channels. The article also examines the impact of social media on customer purchase, conversion, and loyalty.

Among the key success factors of social media marketing, the article identifies the choice of the right platforms, measuring performance, establishing effective interaction with the audience, and analyzing the competitive environment. The authors emphasize the need to combine traditional and digital marketing strategies to achieve the best results.

This article is a valuable resource for marketers, entrepreneurs, and marketing professionals looking to increase their online presence and use social media to successfully promote their products and services, taking into account impressions of market subjects. The article provides important tips, strategies, and examples of successful campaigns that contribute to achieving greater success in digital marketing through social media.
Ensuring information security of critical infrastructure objects as a component to guarantee Ukraine’s national security
Authors: Chernysh Roman , Chekhovska Mariia , Stoliarenko Olena , Lisovska Olena , Lyseiuk Andrii
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the article is to define and justify the conceptual foundations of the implementation of the state policy on ensuring the information security of critical infrastructure objects, as a component of guaranteeing the national security of Ukraine. The methodological basis of the study was a set of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge: dialectical-phenomenological, systemic analysis and synthesis, structural-functional, deduction and induction, etc. According to the results of the research: the author's definition of the concepts «information security of critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine» and «threats to information security of critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine» was formulated; the elements of the system of threats to the information security of critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine are identified; the factors leading to the emergence of threats to critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine are singled out and groups of basic measures aimed at countering traditional and new threats to the information security of critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine are formulated.