bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las Microempresas y los Emprendimientos como Dinamizadores Económicos de la Parroquia Ximena, Guayaquil 2024
Authors: Murillo Valverde Roberto Isaías , Vergara Segura Mayerlin Yubiri , Zamora Burgos Monserrate Rocio , Anzoátegui Muñiz Juana Elizabeth , Arreaga Torres Narcisa Matilde
Published: August 2024

El artículo analiza el papel crucial de las microempresas y emprendimientos en la parroquia Ximena, Guayaquil. Destaca que, a diferencia de los países industrializados con crecimiento económico constante, Ecuador enfrenta desafíos como el desempleo y la pobreza, exacerbados por la pandemia del Covid-19. La investigación, basada en una encuesta a 50 residentes, revela que el sector comercio es predominante, seguido por servicios y manufactura. La mayoría de los encuestados considera a las microempresas esenciales para la economía local, mejorando la calidad de vida y generando empleo. Sin embargo, identifican barreras significativas como la falta de acceso a financiamiento, competencia desleal y altos costos operativos. Las percepciones sobre el impacto ambiental varían, pero existe un consenso sobre la necesidad de apoyo financiero y capacitación. Las microempresas no solo contribuyen a la economía, sino también al desarrollo social, ofreciendo oportunidades laborales y reduciendo la pobreza. Las recomendaciones incluyen incentivos fiscales, programas de mentoría y mejora de infraestructuras para fomentar su crecimiento sostenible.
Desafios Comunitarios de la Mujer Yoreme-Mayo en el Cuidado de la Salud, y la Educación ante la Globalización
Authors: Valencia Sánchez Andrés , Solís Pollorena José Cristóbal
Published: August 2024

El presente ensayo describe algunos elementos de suma importancia acerca de los desafios y retos de la mujer de la comunidad Yoreme-Mayo ubicadas en el norte de Sinaloa, México. Esto incluye aspectos tales como el educativo, salud, cultura, sus usos y costumbres, las cuales se estan viendo amenazadas por la ola posmoderna en el contexto de la globalizacion en que la humanidad está inserta y que afecta practicamente todas las esferas de la vida en general, en una sociedad en constante cambio. En este sentido, el trabajo está encaminado en abordar aquellos desafios de las mujeres indígenas del norte de Sinaloa, como portadoras de una cultura ancestral y los retos que enfrenta de cara a una globalizacion en constante evolución. Donde si bien, el punto nodal esta en hacer un equilibrio, donde se puedan abrir  a la modernidad, pero sin dejar su herencia cultural heredada de generació en generación. Por último, se concluye que la mujer Yoreme-Mayo sigue olvidada por los sistemas globalizantes; y hace falta que se logre su emancipación que le permita tener acceso a un mayor bienestar de vida y pueda tener las  mismas oportunidades de género.
Análisis de la Gestión Empresarial en el Mercado Mayorista Montebello en Guayaquil
Authors: Tobar Miranda Luis , Saint Albin Cedeño Gabriela Hodet , Carreño Ortega Sara Cristina , Bolivar Chirinos Ariangela Nazareth , Murillo Valverde Roberto Isaías
Published: August 2024

Este estudio examina la gestión empresarial en el Mercado Mayorista Montebello de Guayaquil, un centro comercial clave para la distribución de productos agrícolas en la región. La investigación analiza los procesos administrativos, estrategias de mercado, manejo de inventarios y relaciones con proveedores y clientes en este entorno dinámico. Mediante una metodología mixta que incluye encuestas, entrevistas y análisis de datos financieros, se evalúa la eficacia de las prácticas gerenciales actuales y se identifican áreas de mejora. Los resultados revelan desafíos significativos en la coordinación logística, control de calidad y adaptación tecnológica, así como oportunidades para optimizar la cadena de suministro y mejorar la competitividad. Se proponen recomendaciones para fortalecer la gestión empresarial, incluyendo la implementación de sistemas de información integrados, programas de capacitación para comerciantes y estrategias de marketing digital. Este estudio contribuye a la comprensión de las dinámicas empresariales en mercados mayoristas urbanos y ofrece insights valiosos para mejorar su eficiencia operativa y sostenibilidad económica.
Análisis de la Opresión Política en “El coronel no tiene quien le escriba” de Gabriel García Márquez
Authors: Vásquez Uceda Anggi , Leiva Díaz Jenifer Elizabeth , Rodríguez Mozo Diana Katherine , Vásquez Mendo María Alejandra , Pizarro Mostacero Maribel Sofía
Published: August 2024

Este estudio explora la opresión política en "El coronel no tiene quien le escriba" de García Márquez, contextualizándola en la Violencia colombiana. Empleando un enfoque cualitativo, se analizan las formas de opresión presentes en la obra, revelando la privación de libertades fundamentales. Basándose en teorías sobre la opresión y estudios previos, se destaca la relevancia de la novela para comprender la vida bajo regímenes opresivos. Se identifican aspectos como la sutileza de la opresión en la vida cotidiana. Las conclusiones subrayan el valor de la literatura para entender y criticar la opresión política, sugiriendo futuras investigaciones comparativas.
Estrategias Innovadoras: Identificando Oportunidades Comerciales del Mercado Internacional para Emprendimientos de Mujeres, El Oro, 2023
Authors: Sigüenza Cumbicuz Genesis Jamileth , Flores Angel Diego Armando , Capa Tejedor Marcela Etelvina
Published: August 2024

El Oro es una provincia notable por su diversidad cultural y la significativa participación de mujeres en el ámbito emprendedor. Los emprendimientos femeninos en esta región no solo fomentan la actividad económica local, sino que también contribuye al producto interno bruto| (PIB). Esta dinámica económica se refleja en la creciente tasa de actividad emprendedora (TEA), con mujeres liderando negocios en diversas áreas.  El estudio investiga las oportunidades comerciales en el mercado internacional para los emprendimientos de mujeres. El objetivo principal es aprovechar las oportunidades comerciales en el mercado internacional que faciliten la participación de mujeres emprendedoras de la provincia de El Oro, adoptando estrategias innovadoras que fomenten su éxito y competitividad global. La metodología utilizada para la consecución del objetivo propuesto tiene un enfoque cuantitativo con apoyo cualitativo. La investigación explicativa-transformadora ayuda a solucionar el problema. El método histórico-lógico e inductivo-deductivo para analizar factores cronológicos y causales, se aplica finamente el sistémico, que desarrollara un aporte práctico a la investigación. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres emprendedoras presentan deficiencias en el manejo de las oportunidades hacia el mercado internacional, resaltando la falta de participación en capacitación para abordar esta carencia y fortalecer así sus habilidades empresariales en este campo.
SOSIALISASI PEMILIHAN DAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT YANG TEPAT DI DESA MUNDU PESISIR
Authors: Indriaty Sulistiorini , Muhammad Yani Zamzam  , Nur Rahmi Hiyadati  , Deni Firmansyah  , Dhea Aulia Ramadhani
Published: August 2024

Penanganan dan pencegahan berbagai penyakit tidak dapat dilepaskan dari tindakan terapi dengan obat atau farmakoterapi. Berbagai pilihan obat saat ini tersedia, sehingga diperlukan pertimbangan-pertimbangan yang cermat dalam memilih obat untuk suatu penyakit. Obat harus selalu digunakan secara benar agar memberikan manfaat klinik yang optimal. Terlalu banyaknya jenis obat yang tersedia ternyata juga dapat memberikan masalah tersendiri dalam praktek, terutama menyangkut bagaimana memilih dan menggunakan obat secara benar dan aman. Edukasi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat akan pemilihan dan penggunaan obat yang tepat. Penyuluhan ini dilakukan dengan metode sosialisasi secara langsung bersamaan dengan pemberian brosur tentang stunting kepada ibu-ibu yang mengikuti kegiatan posyandu. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan ibu-ibu terhadap pemilihan dan penggunaan obat yang tepat. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini sangat bermanfaat bagi warga Desa Mundu pesisir sehingga diharapkan melalui sosialisasi ini terwujud masyarakat yang cerdas dalam pemilihan dan penggunaan obat bagi keluarga.
Kata Kunci: Sosialisasi, pemilihan obat, penggunaan obat
Taper of the Appendix and Lymphoid Distribution in the Zimbabwean Adult Male Population: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Khan Maimoona , Govo Morris , Makosa Tapera
Published: August 2024

Objective: To determine the relationship between lymphoid distribution and taper of the vermiform appendix in the adult Zimbabwean male population.
Study design: A cross-sectional descriptive study
Place and duration of study:  A six-month study carried out in the Anatomy Department (Gross Anatomy Laboratory), University of Zimbabwe, College of Health Sciences, Harare (from October 2021 to March 2022).
Methods:  A total of 15 male cadavers from the Department of Anatomy at the University of Zimbabwe were used.  The length of the appendix, luminal diameter, external diameter and wall thickness were measured using a vernier calliper at three segmental levels, i.e. the base, mid part and the tip of the appendix.  IBM SPSS version 23 was used to calculate the means and standard deviations.  To determine the lymphoid distribution, histological sections of the appendix were prepared and viewed using a light microscope.
Results:  Appendix length ranged from 4.52cm to 15cm with an average length and standard deviation of 8.43± 2.45cm.  The average luminal diameter with standard deviation at the base, mid-part, and tip was found to be 0.53± 0.22cm, 0.39± 0.21cm and 0.36±0.17cm, respectively.  The average external diameter with standard deviation at the base, mid-part and tip was measured as 0.74± 0.18cm, 0.61± 0.16cm and 0.55± 0.15cm, respectively.  The average wall thickness with standard deviation at the base, mid-point and tip was noted to be 0.21± 0.14cm, 0.25± 0.14cm and 0.20± 0.17cm, respectively.  In this study, the lymphoid follicles were found to be more extensive at the base and mid-part, and less extensive at the tip.  The lymphoid follicles extended from the mucosa to the submucosa at the base and mid-part while at the tip they only traversed the mucosa.  External diameter decreased from base to tip, showing the taper of the appendix in the adult male Zimbabwean population.
Conclusion:  It was found that a strong relationship exists among the lymphoid tissue aggregations, luminal diameter and wall thickness of the adult male Zimbabwean inhabitants.  The luminal diameter was observed to decrease in cadavers having an increase in wall thickness or hypertrophy of the lymphoid tissue.  Moreover, there was a reduction in the number and size of lymphoid follicles along the length of the appendix.
Provision Of Handouts At The End Of Lecture; An Effective Teaching And Learning Practice
Authors: Sohail Shaherzad , Majeed Hira , Dar Lubna Raiz , Shahid Adeela
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to find out the perceptions of students on handouts as learning material and their effectiveness as an instructional tool.
Method: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted at Shalamar Medical and Dental College. The duration of the study was 6 months from (June 2022 to December 2022). A total of 185 students of MBBS participated in the study. A structured questionnaire prepared by the researcher was used for the collection of data. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 22.
Results: A total of 187 students from third year, fourth year and final year MBBS participated in the study.77.7% of students maintained a positive response that handouts helped them develop a better understanding of the lecture. A total of 78.8% of students felt a sense of satisfaction when handouts of lectures were made available to them. 85.9% of the students, in our research, reported that handouts have proved to be helpful in the preparation for exams. This research showed that 82.3% of the students supported the proposition that teachers should provide their students with lecture handouts
Conclusion: The study suggests that students have a positive attitude towards the provision of instructor-prepared handouts and they consider it as an effective tool to enhance their learning.
Postoperative Complications of Patellar Resurfacing In Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Shaheen Ubair Ullah , Janjua Sarmad Nasir , Iqbal Shaheen , Noman Hafiz Muhammad , Ghouri Qasim Mahmood , Khalid Muhammad Noman
Published: August 2024

Objective: TKR followed by patellar resurfacing has been shown of great advantage in literature. This study is done To review post-operative complications among patients, after being treated with patellar resurfacing in total knee repair
Method: Prospective continuous study at Orthopaedic Surgery PAEC General Hospital, Islamabad for 6 months Selected sample size is n=58 by simple random sampling( non-probability) Inclusion criteria: Patients under the age group of 18-70 years old of both genders undergone TKR followed by patellar resurfacing, arthritis undergone TKR followed by patellar resurfacing & patellar resurfacing after trauma. Exclusion criteria: Patients undergone TKR with comorbid; diabetes, congestive heart disease, hypertension, neuropathological diseases & renal disorders.& unwilling to participate.
Results: The mean age of participants was 44.32 (S.D=3.5) Mean BMI was 29.4 (S.D=3.2). males were 16 while 42 females went under surgery. There was no association seen between BMI and post-op complications Average follow-up was 98 days (58-144). Co-relation between TKR and patellar resurfacing, there was no variation. Among fifty-eight patients patellar fracture, patellar matlracking, aseptic loosening,. Patellar osteonecrosis, polythene wear, Dislocation following total knee arthroplasty, and other hardware mal-function, Overstuffing of the PFJ in postoperative TKA was seen among three people 5.2% of individuals
Conclusion: To reduce the danger of additional difficulties, patellar resurfacing must be performed with a high level of accuracy and precision since it is just as crucial as tibiofemoral replacement
Frequency Of Prolonged Qtc in Patients With Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease In A Rural Cohort Of Sindh
Authors: Ahmed Adeel , Rabbani Bushra , Kamran Muhammad , Saeed Ammarah , Ahmed Jameel
Published: August 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of prolonged QTc (corrected QT) interval in patients. With decompensated chronic liver disease (DCLD) in a tertiary care hospital of Gadap town, Sindh.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st January 2022 to 31 December 2022 at the Department Of  Medicine, Baqai Medical University, Karachi. All partial and fully decompensated Cirrhotic patients aged 25 to 75 years regardless of sex, diagnosed based on history, physical  Examination and ultrasonography findings, who were admitted to our medical ward, were included using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Pregnant females, patients with other major co-morbid illnesses, electrolyte imbalances and those on medications affecting QTc interval were excluded. All patients meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled for a 12 lead ECG (three serial recordings each), from which QT, R-R interval, as well as QTc, were calculated. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS version 20. Categorical variables were described using frequency and percentages whereas continuous variables were summarized using mean and standard deviation.
Results: Out of 196 participants with decompensated liver disease included in the study, 59 (30.1%) participants were found to have prolonged QTc. Age, Child–Turcotte–Pugh (CTP)  class and Bilirubin of the patients were significantly associated with QTc prolongation.
Conclusion: Prolonged QTc interval, a marker of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, is a common occurrence in patients with decompensated chronic liver disease. The risk of developing prolonged QTc interval increases with advanced age and progressive liver disease.
Prevalence Of Suboptimal Health Status Amongst General Population of Residential Area, Heavy Industries Taxila, Taxila
Authors: Mughal Aashi , Bibi Anwar , Riaz Mehwish , Salman Roma , Nisar Nadia , Raza Mohsin
Published: August 2024

Objective: Determine the prevalence of suboptimal health levels and find an association between suboptimal health and lifestyle factors in a population of residential area HIT Taxila
Methods: A community-based Descriptive Cross-sectional study was conducted in  HIT Taxila, Jun-Nov 2023 on 400 individuals of age groups ranging from 20 to 60 years including males and females via systematic random sampling. Data was collected by Suboptimal Health Measurement (SHMS V1.0) scale including general, physical, mental and social subdomains and demographic and lifestyle factors. Chi-square was tested to determine the association between suboptimal health and demographic characteristics. Correlation was used to assess the correlation between suboptimal health and lifestyle-related factors
Results: A final sample of 400 participants was included. In our sample,86(21.5%) had suboptimal health with a mean age of 29.96±9.3 years. Sub-optimal Health status was found to be significantly associated with gender(0.005), age(0.006), working status (0.015)and occupation(0.000). Health status was found to be weak and negatively correlated with social support (p-value 0.01) and a weak positive correlation was observed between nutritional habits and health status (p-value 0.05)
Conclusion: SHS is significantly associated with behavior and lifestyle-related factors. To comprehensively prevent and control SHS, it is urgently needed to reduce the risk factors and enhance the protective factors among adolescents.
The Effect Of 0.01% Atropine On Myopia Progression
Authors: Khalid Amber
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective: Our study aims to assess the efficacy of a low dose of atropine (0.01%) in slowing the progression of myopia.
Method: This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Ophthalmology department of Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi. The study spanned a duration of four years, from July 1 2019 to June 30, 2023. A group of individuals presented at the eye outpatient department (OPD) with complaints of blurred vision underwent clinical examination and were diagnosed with myopia based on inclusion criteria. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS 23, with the paired t-test employed for variable comparisons.
Results: Our study analyzed and compared the results of the interventional group, where atropine eye drops (0.01%) were administered daily at bedtime, with the control group, which received Tear Natural II eye drops as a placebo. Patients were followed for three years, with two years dedicated to observing treatment responses and a one-year washout period for the drug. A comparison of baseline and 24-month means revealed an increase in myopia of 0.84 in the interventional group and 1.55 in the control group.
Conclusion: Myopia is one of the leading causes of the development of sight-threatening conditions. Its progression can be slowed down by proper treatment with Atropine. The 0.01% dosage of atropine exhibited a favourable risk-benefit profile with minimal impact on visual function.
Pirfenidone: An Encouraging Therapeutic Approach For Enhancing Lateral Spinothalamic Tract Function After Spinal Cord Compression Injury
Authors: Wazir Noman Ullah , Humayun Ambereen , Javaid Irum , Amir Asma , Khattak Nayyab , Iftikhar Ayesha
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether intraperitoneally administered pirfenidone could enhance the sensory activity of the lateral spinothalamic tract in rats after compression injury to the spinal cord.
Method: Injury induction at the T7 spinal cord level was achieved using a 70-gram force aneurysm clip in rats. The study involved three groups: Group A received a daily placebo, Group B received a daily dose of 200 mg/kg pirfenidone, and Group C received a daily dose of 500 mg/kg pirfenidone. Subsequently, each group was further divided into two sub-groups, labelled as groups 1 (14 days experimental duration) and 2 (28 days experimental duration), each consisting of 5 rats. On the last day of the experiment, lateral spinothalamic tract activity as pain and temperature sensations in the hind limbs of all rats were assessed.
Results: Scores from the Von Frey test, hot plate test, and acetone drop test exhibited statistical differences both between and within groups. In comparison to non-pirfenidone-treated spinal cord injury groups, those treated with pirfenidone demonstrated a decline in all these scores.
Conclusion: Pirfenidone with its anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory action, is likely to enhance the functionality of the lateral spinothalamic tract following spinal cord injury.
Adaptive Learning Algorithms for Low Dose Optimization in Coronary Arteries Angiography: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Tariq Komal , Munir Muhammad Adnan , Aftab Hafiza Tooba , Naveed Amir , Yousaf Ayesha , Hassan Sajjad Ul
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective: Coronary artery angiography plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment, but concerns regarding patient safety due to ionizing radiation necessitate innovative approaches. The article explores the integration of adaptive learning algorithms to optimize low-dose imaging in coronary artery angiography.
Method: Articles are selected on the basis of inclusion criteria that mentions studies in between the time span of 2018 to 2022 emphasizing the detailed algorithmic studies of Low dose optimization of coronary arteries angiography and techniques used in it, mentioned total 175 studies were included in initial studies that were reduced to ten final selected studies.
Results: The extracted data shows a comprehensive data on various techniques that are used for low dose CAA, advancements in image segmentation, noise reduction, and operator dose reduction highlight the potential of machine learning techniques. Innovative methods such as Model-Based Deep Learning (MBDL) and Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Networks (SAGAN) demonstrate efficient reconstruction capabilities. Application of such algorithms include automate segmentation, lesion detection, and real-time image analysis, optimizing dose parameters based on patient-specific factors, thus prioritizing patient safety and treatment effectiveness while revolutionizing medical imaging. Then there are possible limitations of the Algorithmic approach to reduce radiation dose for patient that include concerns include data heterogeneity, lack of diversity, and challenges in data collection and privacy protection. Addressing these limitations is crucial for enhancing the reliability of AI-driven dose optimization methods.
Conclusion: This comprehensive review provides valuable insights into the potential of adaptive learning algorithms for low-dose optimization in coronary artery angiography. It underscores the importance of safer imaging practices without compromising diagnostic efficacy. And the future lies in exploring adaptive learning algorithms, integrating patient-specific data, and real-time adaptability during procedures. Validation studies and collaboration with healthcare institutions are essential for successful integration into clinical practice.
Genetic Analysis Reveals A Missense Mutation In Reactivation Gene-2 Causing Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease In A Pakistani Family
Authors: Awais Shahida , Siddique Lubna , Shafi Nida , Humerah Sobia , Niazi Summyah , Omer Wafa
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective:
To perform clinical and genetic analysis in a patient suffering from lymphopenia (low B-lymphocyte, T-lymphocyte and healthy Natural Killer cells). 
Methodology:
In the current research project we enrolled a female child from Rawalpindi district.  Laboratory investigations including lymphocyte subset analysis was performed using anti-antibodies (CD19, CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD16/56). Estimation of serum immunoglobulin’s were performed. DNA Sanger sequencing of RAG2 gene was performed to identify gene mutation.
Results: 
Thorough clinical examination by team of expert physician revealed severe nappy rash, interstitial pneumonitis and intractable diarrhea leading to failure to thrive. Lymphopenia with CD3+CD8 cells (0.1%), CD19 cells (0.1%), CD19/CD56 cells (27%) and CD4/CD8 cells (0.0%) resulting in B-T-NK+ deficiency. Patient’s serum immunoglobulin’s showed low levels of IgG, IgA and IgM levels. Exons specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using oligonucleotide primers and subsequently DNA Sanger sequenced which resulted into an missense variant in the gene RAG2.
Conclusion:
In human reactivation gene 1 and 2 encode proteins with endonuclease activity which are involved in V(D)J rearrangement to generate variety of different types of T- and B- cell receptors. Genetic analysis revealed a missense mutation in RAG2 genes in female SCID patient.
Dinamika Tradisi Grebeg Suro: Komodifikasi Budaya dalam Pengembangan Pariwisata di Hutan Bambu Lumajang
Authors: Lestari Farah Dwi , Zurinani Siti
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi proses transformasi yang terjadi pada tradisi Grebeg Suro di Desa Sumbermujur sebagai salah satu objek daya tarik wisata Wisata Hutan Bambu yang dinilai memiliki nilai komoditi. Lokasi penelitian terletak di Desa Sumbermujur, Kecamatan Candipuro, Kabupaten Lumajang. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan etnografi Spradley yang bertujuan untuk memahami fenomena dengan fokus pada makna-makna dibalik tindakan masyarakat yang diteliti. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipasi dan wawancara mendalam dengan masyarakat setempat. Teori praktik sosial Bourdieu dan komodifikasi budaya Mosco digunakan untuk melihat secara menyeluruh pandangan dan proses komodifikasi ini dalam sudut pandang masyarakat sebagai pemilik kebudayaan dan pelaku pariwisata. Penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa transformasi budaya pada tradisi Grebeg Suro, mengubah sebuah tradisi yang awalnya memiliki makna keagamaan dan spiritual, kini menjadi sebuah perayaan yang memiliki nilai komoditas. Hal ini menggambarkan bagaimana pariwisata dapat mempengaruhi perubahan suatu kebudayaan, menjadi komoditas yang dapat dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat luas. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang dinamika transformasi budaya dalam konteks pariwisata.
Youth Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Relationships and Homosexual Contents on Social Media
Authors: Mappiasse Sulaiman
Published: August 2024

Living in a society that upholds religious teachings and traditional values, like Indonesia, is not easy for the youth when they must face controversies like same-sex relationships and homosexuality. This article reveals how the Indonesian youth coming from different faith traditions in Manado dan Kotamobagu, North Sulawesi, respond to same-sex relationships and homosexual content available on social media. It is based on survey data from 1,250 school students delivered online during Covid-19 in 2020. The cross-tabulation results show that most of them hold very negative attitudes toward same-sex relationships as something that has become common in society. This high negativity, however, is not found in their attitudes toward homosexual content on social media. Many of them agree not to avoid homosexual content found on social media. This discrepancy might be explained by the nature of secrecy and repression around this nonnormative sexual practice in the physical and digital world that differs.
The Impact of Employee Engagement as a Mediation Variable on Perceptions of Organisational Support and Compensation of Employee Performance
Authors: Gita Claudia Unique , . Suprapto
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze factors that influence employee performance, including: Perceptions of organizational support, compensation, and employee engagement. This research also wants to analyze the influence of perceived organizational support and compensation on employee engagement and analyze how employee engagement mediates the influence of perceived organizational support and compensation on employee performance. The population in this study were 74 permanent employees of PT Monoform. The sampling technique used was a simple total sampling technique where the entire population was sampled. The research method used is quantitative with SEM-PLS. Based on the analysis in this research, the results showed that: Perception of organizational support has a positive and significant effect on employee engagement; compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee engagement; employee engagement has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; perceived organizational support has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; Employee engagement successfully mediates the influence of perceptions of organizational support and compensation on employee performance.
Case Report: Female, 51 Years Old, with Chest Pain
Authors: Mahardika Winato Brigad , Muchtar Zulfikri , Gani Azhari
Published: August 2024

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) or myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation caused by total occlusion of the coronary artery that is atherosclerotic or other causes that can cause irreversible necrosis of the heart muscle. The initial action that can be taken to prevent cardiac muscle necrosis is to administer oxygen therapy and continue with revascularization (fibrinolytic, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of revascularization therapy in patients with myocardial infarction with ST elevation. This research uses a literature review by reviewing national and international journals on revascularization therapy for myocardial rescue in myocardial infarction patients with ST elevation segments.
Inter-trial Variation in the Sensitivity of Thermal Threshold Testing for the Diagnosis of Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gaur Archana , Varatharajan Sakthivadivel , Taranikanti Madhuri , John Nitin Ashok , Kalpana Medala , Ganji Vidya , Umesh Madhusudhan , Katta Roja
Published: August 2024

Background:

Thermal threshold testing (TTT) is a simple non-invasive approach for diagnosing diabetic neuropathy earlier. Conventionally the TTT is done in all four limbs and at least 6 trials are done to obtain the mean threshold, which is time consuming.

Aim:

We propose to assess the validity and reliability of reduced number of trials of TTT in the lower limbs.

Materials and Methods:

After obtaining ethics approval from the Institute Ethics Committee, 100 patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus of both gender between the ages of 35 to 65 years attending medicine OPD were recruited. Neuropathy assessment was done using Temperature threshold testing. At least 6 trials were performed for each site and the mean threshold obtained. The mean of 5 trials, 4 trials and 3 trials were noted for the comparison.

Results:

On comparing hot tests of 3 trials with 6 trials had a sensitivity and specificity of 88.7% and 96.6 %. In cold threshold testing, 4 trials and 3 trials showed similar results of sensitivity of 77.8%, specificity of 98.8%. The measures of agreement between the hot trials 6 vs 5 had Kappa value of 0.953, 6vs 4 showed a Kappa value of 0.862 and 6 vs 3 showed Kappa value of 0.819.

Conclusion:

Hot threshold tests of lower limb are more sensitive than cold thresholds. The 4 trial test is a reliable test and can be performed over 6 trial tests. When time is a factor, three trials are sufficient to diagnose small fibre neuropathy.
Exposure to Various Degrees and Durations of Hypobaric Hypoxia Causes a Reduction in Body Weight of Female Adult Rats
Authors: Yadav Anil Kumar , Yadav Bhupendra Singh , Yadav Pramod Kumar , Pandey Sada Nand , Sarvottam Kumar
Published: August 2024

Background:

Hypobaric hypoxia refers to a condition where there is a decreased oxygen partial pressure in the air due to low atmospheric pressure. It is known to affect the metabolism, leading to increased basal metabolic rate, alterations in appetite, and changes in cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis. The effects of hypoxia on metabolism and weight loss are influenced by genetic factors, gender, and the duration and severity of exposure to hypoxia. Currently, there are no reports which elucidate the impact of hypobaric hypoxia on female laboratory rats.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to observe the effect of varying degrees and durations of hypobaric hypoxia on the body weight of female rats.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, the body weight of 36 laboratory rats divided into six groups was taken at day 0, and then, the rats were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia in a specially designed hypoxia chamber and their body weights were recorded after 5 days and 10 days of hypoxia exposure. The change in body weight at 5 days and 10 days was compared to that of their body weight before the exposure to hypoxia. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 20.

Results:

Body weight was reduced in all rats subjected to varying degrees and duration of hypoxia. The percentage change in body weight was higher in moderate and severe hypoxia than in the mild hypoxia group. No significant difference was observed in rats exposed to varying degrees of hypoxia for 5 days as compared to those exposed for 10 days.

Conclusion:

Hypoxia may cause a reduction in body weight of female rats proportionate to the increasing severity of hypoxia and this reduction remains independent of the duration of exposure to hypoxia.
Comparison between 80-microns versus 100-microns flap femtosecond LASIK for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism
Authors: Khokhar Sudarshan , Rani Deeksha , Jhajharia Hemant , Kumar Saumya , Rathod Aishwarya , Rajput Sarika
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

This study aimed to compare the safety, efficacy, and visual outcomes of 80-microns LASIK versus 100-microns LASIK in managing myopia and myopic astigmatism. The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Methods:

This was a prospective contralateral eye study that included patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism seeking refractive correction. The eligibility criteria included normal corneal topography, an epithelial thickness less than 60 microns, a calculated percentage tissue ablation (with 100-microns flap) less than 40%, a calculated residual stromal bed thickness (with 100-microns flap) more than 300 microns, and willingness to participate and follow up. Patients with glaucoma, cataracts, other visually disabling ocular pathologies, and a history of past ocular surgery were excluded. All patients underwent LASIK with 80-microns LASIK in one eye and 100-microns LASIK in the other eye. The patients were followed up for 6 months, and the results were analyzed.

Results:

The study included 216 eyes of 108 patients. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent in the 80-microns group and the 100-microns group was -3.53 ± 1.81 and -3.69 ± 1.32 diopters, respectively (P = 0.78). The mean 6 months decimal postoperative UCVA was 0.98 ± 0.13 in the 80-microns group and 0.97 ± 0.14 in the 100-microns group (P = 0.99). The postoperative change in the higher-order aberration profile was comparable in both groups (P = 0.78). The percentage tissue ablation was significantly lower in the 80-microns group (P = 0.002). The incidence of flap micro striae and OBL was higher in the 80-microns group, while neither of these had any visual implications.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that 80-microns LASIK is an efficacious and safe alternative to 100-micron LASIK, especially useful in patients with higher myopia.
Urban Family Physician Program after a Decade of Implementation from the Perspective of People: A Qualitative Study from Iran
Authors: Honarvar Behnam , Lankarani Kamran B. , Joulaei Hassan , Shahabi Saeed , Marzaleh Milad Ahmadi , Khosravaninezhad Yasamin , Shaygani Fatemeh , Kaheni Yasamin , Rad Niloofar R.
Published: August 2024

Background:

A decade after the implementation of the Urban Family Physician Program (UFFP) in Fars province, southern Iran, we aimed to reveal people’s opinions regarding the strengths and challenges of this program, which help policymakers for evidence-based improvement of this program.

Methods:

In this thematic content analysis qualitative study, which was performed in 2023, one adult individual of each family under the coverage of UFPP was selected using a purposeful sampling method. Then, an in-depth and semi-structured phone interview was conducted with each participant. Interviews were continued until the achievement of data saturation. The trustworthiness of data was checked according to Guba and Lincoln criteria. Data analysis was accomplished using MAXQDA software version 10.

Results:

A total of 25 participants with a mean age of 41 ± 12 years old were interviewed. Extracted strengths points of UFPP consisted of 390 meaning units, 41 open codes, 16 subcategories, 9 categories, and 3 themes, of which the main themes consisted of proper governance, adequate service provision, and promoting community health. In contrast, the challenges of this program comprised 127 meaning units, 54 open codes, 17 subcategories, 7 categories, and 3 themes, the main themes of which included weak governance, inefficient service provision, and limitation of resources.

Conclusions:

After a decade of implementation, people demonstrated contradictory opinions about many aspects of UFPP. Strength points should encourage policymakers to advocate more for this program and extend it to the other provinces of Iran, whereas weak points should be used for its revisions and improvement.
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: What a Cardiologist Should Know
Authors: Viswamitra Sanjaya , Chudgar Priya
Published: August 2024

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) affects 1 in 200–500 of the general population, with about 10%–20% identified clinically. The primary goal of imaging for a cardiologist is to provide an accurate diagnosis and add prognostic value. Multiplanar electrocardiogram-gated cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can evaluate all phases of the cardiac cycle. CMR excels in the accurate and reproducible evaluation of cardiac morphology, particularly in determining wall thickness and the distribution of hypertrophy. It can also assess the mitral valvular apparatus. Functional evaluation includes assessing contractility, accurate ejection fraction quantification, and visualizing and quantifying dynamic flow, particularly in the subaortic region. CMR strain imaging with feature tracking software evaluates segmental contractility. Late gadolinium enhancement (delayed enhancement), T1, and extracellular volume mapping add to the prognostic ability of CMR magnetic resonance imaging in predicting outcome by evaluating the myocardial fibrosis. CMR also adds value by evaluating the left atrium and right ventricle. A combination of the above helps accurately differentiate between phenotypes of HCM, suggest genetic forms of HCM, and monitor patients after treatment to track disease progression or changes. This review aims to describe the multiparametric strengths of CMR in the diagnosis and prognosis of HCM.
Mehmet Akif Ersoy'un Şiirlerinde Aile ve Kadın
Authors: Bulduker Gülten
Published: August 2024

Aile, toplumun temelini oluşturan bir kurumdur. Birey, kültürel kimliğini aile içinde kazanır, insani değerleri öğrenir ve sonraki kuşaklara aktarır. Süreklilik arz eden bu yönüyle aile, değerler eğitiminde önemi tartışılmaz bir yere sahiptir. Türk toplumunda her zaman kutsal kabul edilen aile, İslâmiyet’in kabulüyle de kutsal görülmeye devam etmiş ve ancak aile değerleriyle yetişen bireylerden oluşan bir toplumun güçlü bir medeniyet inşa edebileceğine inanılmıştır. Ta ki Tanzimat Devri’ne gelinceye değin, mevcut aile algısında köklü bir değişiklik olmamıştır. Batılılaşma süreciyle birlikte aile ve bundan ayrı düşünülemeyen kadınlık algısında büyük bir değişim başlar. Değişim süreci toplumsal alanda birçok çatışma ve sorunu beraberinde getirir. Kadınlık konusunda alınan tavırları şöyle ifade etmek mümkündür: Batılı aydınlar, değişen çağın gereklerine göre kadının eğitilmesi ve kamusal alanda çalışmasına değin o gün için son derece radikal çözümler teklif eder. Buna karşın İslâmî duyarlılığı güçlü aydınlar ise kadının eğitimi ve kamusal alanda çalışması konusunda oldukça muhafazakârdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı her iki anlayışa da açıklık getirerek sanatını İslâmî prensipler ışığında icra eden ve bir İslâm idealinin şairi olan Mehmet Âkif Ersoy’un şiirlerinde kadın ve aile konusunu nasıl ele aldığını değerlendirmektir.
Prediction of the acentric factor of some halogenated hydrocarbons via group contribution techniques
Authors: Otobrise Charles , Eferurhobo Godwin
Published: August 2024

In this study, trends in the prediction of acentric factors of halogenated alkanes (HAs) were investigated using two group contribution techniques. The examination of discrepancies between predicted and experimental values for both methods served to delineate the precision and constraints of these prediction techniques. It was observed that while predictions for certain compounds conformed closely to experimental data, others manifested substantial deviations, thereby accentuating the intricacies inherent in predicting acentric factors. The discourse extended to practical implications for applications within the realm of engineering, particularly emphasizing the imperative for the refinement of methods and the conduct of comparative analyses to enrich predictive accuracy. The academic contributions of this investigation are notable for the advancement of predictive methodologies over traditional laboratory procedures in addressing environmental concerns associated with halogenated hydrocarbons.
Availability optimization of bolts manufacturing plant using particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm
Authors: Saini Monika , Kumar Naveen , Sinwar Deepak , Kumar Ashish
Published: August 2024

Availability plays an imperative role in the effectiveness investigation and performance evaluation of any manufacturing plant. The bolt manufacturing industry is one such plant. The present study is conducted with the motto of building a novel stochastic model of a bolt manufacturing plant (BMP) to derive availability along with its optimisation using metaheuristic approaches. The Markov birth-death process is adopted to build the stochastic model, as the breakdown and restore rates of the parts exhibit constant behaviour. The availability function is treated as an objective function of the optimisation problem, considering breakdown and restore rates as determination parameters. The availability function is optimised using particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and a genetic algorithm (GA) to forecast the optimal availability and estimated parametric values. The highly susceptible part of the system is observed after a 10% deviation in breakdown and restoration rates. It is viewed that the PSO algorithm predicts the optimal value of availability as 0.999429 after 30 iterations at 100 swarm size, while GA reached only up to 0.94791544 at a population size of 1000 after 100 iterations. The convergence rate of PSO is very fast in predicting the availability of plants. These results are valuable for organisational engineers and maintenance engineers to propose maintenance strategies. The suggested approach can be employed to predict the availability of other process industries.
A LITERARY REVIEW'S BASIC DESCRIPTION GRAHANI ACCORDING TO AYURVEDA
Authors: Shamariya Minakshi , Mishra Pramod Kumar , Sharma Brahmanand , Sharma Indumati
Published: August 2024

Grahani Dosha is one of the Mahagadas, according to Ayurveda. In contemporary science, digestive illnesses
include Grahani Dosha. Currently, because of poor eating habits, a sedentary lifestyle, stress, and the adverse effects of modern medications, the incidence is 11.2% worldwide and 4.2–7.7% in India. The organ Grahani is the
seat of Jatharagni (digestive fire), and both are interrelated. It’s supported and nourished by Agni's strength due
to Agnidushti. The Grahani cannot perform its functions properly, which causes Grahani Dosha and further leads
to Grahani Roga. Grahani is a critical disease of great relevance with ulcerative colitis. They have similar causative factors and symptoms like a loose stool with blood and mucous, constipation, dry and coated tongue, and
anaemic and abdominal pain.
A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF MURRAHMARI USING AYURVEDA
Authors: Chaudhary Shashi Prabha , Kumar Kureel Manoj
Published: August 2024

The Ayurvedic India takes great pride in its ancient science of life. It has addressed numerous feared illnesses
such as mutrakrichra, mutraghata, mutrashmari, etc. One of the most prevalent and upsetting illnesses in the category of urinary disorders is mutrashmari. The father of modern surgery, Acharya Sushruta, provided a thorough
and extensive description of the mutrashmari, including its pathophysiology, etiology, symptoms, classification,
consequences, and management. This demonstrates the Acharyas’ extensive understanding of urinary diseases in
general. Aim: To research the causes of mutrashmari and the use of Ayurvedic medicine in treating it. Finding the
underlying causes of this high frequency as well as affordable, readily accessible Ayurvedic treatments to manage
and prevent Mutraashmari are the main goals. Material And Methods: The Ashtanga Hridaya, Sushruta Samhita, Charak Samhita, contemporary medical textbooks, magazines, and internet databases. Result and Conclusion :-Ayurveda provides a wide range of Mutrashmari methods that not only treat the illness but also have the
ability to prevent it with treatments like Sastra Karma, Sanshaman, and Nidanparivarjana Sanshodhan.
A DRUG REVIEW ARTICLE ASSESSING BHOOMYAMLAKI CHURNA AND CHANDANA CHURNA IN ASRIGDARA W.S.R TO MENORRHAGIA AND METRORRHAGIA.
Authors: Joshi Yashi , Ray Sucheta , Parihar Ekta Singh , Hajare Priyanka
Published: August 2024

Women significantly contribute to society, the economy, and culture in various spheres of life. She neglects her health since she is so preoccupied with doing her job. She ignores her health, which results in severe disease. Several disorders can impact women's reproductive health. Ayurveda gives a brief description of the many kinds of Yonivyapada. The majority of women these days struggle with stress, anxiety, and emotional behavior. In addition, many women work, making it difficult for them to maintain good cleanliness. As a result of these un-sanitary surroundings, they are susceptible to a variety of yonirogas.
The illness known as Asrigdara is characterized by profuse bleeding per vaginum.
If the menstrual cycle becomes aberrant because of the pradirana (Excessive Secretion) of Raja, then so does Acharya Charaka. We refer to it as Pradara. The Ayurvedic classics have listed numerous benefits under Sham-an Chikitsa, wherein Bhoomyamlaki and Chandana are obtained. Ayurveda, an ancient Indian system of medi-cine, focuses on holistic healing, considering the mind, body, and spirit as interconnected entities. Western med-icine primarily employs pharmaceutical interventions to treat specific symptoms or diseases. Ayurveda treat-ment relies on natural and personalized treatments based on an individual’s unique constitution (dosha).