bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Fuzzy Sets for the Improvement of Routing Optimization Heuristic Algorithms
Authors: Mattas Konstantinos , Botzoris George , Papadopoulos Basil
Published: November 2016

The determination of the optimal circular path has become widely known for its difficulty in producing a solution and for the numerous applications in the scope of organization and management of passenger and freight transport. It is a mathematical combinatorial optimization problem for which several deterministic and heuristic models have been developed in recent years, applicable to route organization issues, passenger and freight transport, storage and distribution of goods, waste collection, supply and control of terminals, as well as human resource management. Scope of the present paper is the development, with the use of fuzzy sets, of a practical, comprehensible and speedy heuristic algorithm for the improvement of the ability of the classical deterministic algorithms to identify optimum, symmetrical or non-symmetrical, circular route. The proposed fuzzy heuristic algorithm is compared to the corresponding deterministic ones, with regard to the deviation of the proposed solution from the best known solution and the complexity of the calculations needed to obtain this solution. It is shown that the use of fuzzy sets reduced up to 35% the deviation of the solution identified by the classical deterministic algorithms from the best known solution.
Detection of Tree Roots in an Urban Area with the Use of Ground Penetrating Radar
Authors: Krainyukov Alexander , Lyaksa Igor
Published: November 2016

The paper is devoted to using ground penetrating radar (GPR) for the detection of tree roots in an urban area, since GPR allow detect the hidden objects in non invasive way. It is necessary exactly to know the growth direction, thickness and depth of the roots of the tree to confidently assert about the tree root influence on the technical condition of engineering objects and structures: of the buildings, of pavements, of roadway, of engineering communications and etc. The aim of the given research was experimentally to evaluation the possibilities of detection of tree roots in an urban area with the use of GPR on frequency 400 MHz and of algorithms of secondary processing of GPR signals. Results of interpretation of radar profile and evacuation of soil around tree show the possibility of detection of the tree roots and the determination of their parameters using one or two radar concentric profiles.
Doubt in Wittgenstein’s “Remarks on Frazer’s Golden Bough”
Authors: Norris Andrew
Published: November 2016

In this essay I ask what Wittgenstein means when he writes in the introductory section of his “Remarks on Frazer’s Golden Bough,” “I must plunge into the water of doubt again and again.” This comment is both significant and obscure. Although Wittgenstein did not himself publish the “Remarks,” he took care to organize them, and rejected other introductory comments in favor of the ones that now open the “Remarks” and which conclude with this sentence. But it is not clear what role doubt plays in the “Remarks,” as Wittgenstein neither mentions it again not assumes a doubtful posture towards what he describes as Frazer’s errors. I argue that the sentence is meant to apply first and foremost not to Frazer but to Wittgenstein himself, and that, when read carefully, it refers to a kind of baptism. Appreciating this should decisively shape our understanding of the “Remarks” and has implications for our understanding of the Philosophical Investigations, which echoes and repeats many of the central ideas and even formulations of the earlier text. In particular, it underscores the importance of the idea of disorientation to Wittgenstein’s later work. Being doubtful or disoriented is not just a difficulty to be solved or avoided, but a beneficial process through which one must pass, as Wittgenstein says, again and again.
The Cosmic Fragment: Härte des Logischen Zwangs und Unendliche Möglichkeit
Authors: Edwards-McKie Susan
Published: November 2016

Wittgenstein’s unrelenting criticism of Cantor, Euler, and Gödel falls within a larger strategy to disarm a philosophy of mathematics which relies on completed infinite sets. Because transfinite numbers are seen to resolve the Zeno paradoxes, creating “a paradise from which we shall not be driven”, according to Hilbert, Wittgenstein’s mathematics began to be seen as backwardlooking, particularly in the period of Turing’s work on the Entscheidungsproblem. It is argued that Wittgenstein offered consistent criticism and alternative approaches to paradoxes of the infinitely large and small through a consistent systemic approach to space, time, and generality. The centrality of proof is looked at carefully, with implications for conceptions of time and generality.

Fragment MS 178e which I here, recalling Heraclitus, term the Cosmic Fragment, combined with the correction of a von Wright error, is used to explore these arguments, from both mathematical and Philosophische Untersuchungen (PU) Nachlass exegesis perspectives. The dating of the Fragment impacts on the wider scholarly discussion of the completion of MS 142 and TS 220, and the Fragment’s clustering of concepts is reflected in the significant re-ordering of remarks in the Zwischenfassung, which are carried through to the final version of PU. Affinities between Wittgensteinian mathematics and language games emerge within the textual network of the Cosmic Fragment and the new connections between MS 117 and TS 213.

It is suggested that a proof-theoretic, potentially infinite system such as Wittgenstein’s, as contrasted with a set-theoretic, actual infinite such as Cantor’s and Gödel’s, in certain respects aligns Wittgenstein’s remarks on space, time and generality with Einsteinian general relativity as originally postulated with the cosmological constant. However, Wittgenstein’s conception of time is neither fully Parmenidean nor fully Heraclitean.
Contributions to a Conceptual Ontology for Wittgenstein
Authors: Addis Mark , Pichler Alois
Published: November 2016

A conceptual ontology was used to semantically enrich the Wittgenstein Archives at the University of Bergen’s taxonomy for Wittgenstein Source to facilitate improved searching in the areas of the philosophies of mathematics and psychology. The classes and sub-classes of the multilingual taxonomy were employed to further refine the ways in which themes in these areas of philosophy could be organised. The taxonomy was intended to facilitate the identification of thematic similarities between remarks in instances where this similarity might not be apparent with free text search and in cases where the classified subject of the remarks differed. The approach taken to constructing the taxonomy allows for both its alteration and potential expansion.
Skepticism, Metaphors and Vertigo
Authors: Gutschmidt Rico
Published: November 2016

The relation of Wittgenstein’s later philosophy to skepticism seems to be ambiguous, since he rejects radical skepticism but also highlights the groundlessness of our beliefs. In this paper, I am going to discuss Wittgenstein’s hinge propositions in this respect. Against the usual view, I will show that they do not function as a contextualist or foundationalist refutation of skepticism. What is more, they also do not confirm skepticism. In contrast, I will argue that following Wittgenstein skepticism is neither false nor true, but still has a point, which can be elucidated with Stanley Cavell’s concept of a truth of skepticism. This concept roughly states that we can not know about the existence of the world and the others, but that we have to acknowledge them. With the help of Wittgenstein, I am going to clarify this position. The key idea is that the problem of skepticism can be understood as a metaphorical way of presenting the finiteness of the human condition and that vertiginous skeptical irritations lead to an adequate human self-understanding in this respect.
A Wittgensteinian Form of Moral Expressivism
Authors: Schoellner Karsten
Published: November 2016

The notion of “attitude” is central to the reception of Wittgenstein in moral philosophy, in at least two different contexts: firstly, in connection with early Wittgenstein it has become standard to speak of ethics as an “attitude towards the world as a whole”; and secondly, and in connection with the later Wittgenstein, the notion of the “attitude towards a soul” - in contrast with the alleged opinion that someone has a soul - has been used to elucidate a sense of the moral significance of others, particularly in the writings of Peter Winch and Cora Diamond. Interestingly, within contemporary metaethics, the position that our moral judgments are expressions of attitude is labelled “moral expressivism”. In this paper I focus on Simon Blackburn’s version of moral expressivism. I argue that Blackburn’s position is motivated by the same concerns Wittgenstein expressed in his Lecture on Ethics. However, while Blackburn’s notion of “attitude” is ultimately an emotivist notion, denoting a binary affective response to the facts, the notion of “attitude” used in Wittgensteinian contexts is much subtler; while it often involves an emotional response, an attitude is primarily a way of conceiving the facts and in the context of his later work it is more firmly grounded in practices. I suggest finally that if we modify moral expressivism by adopting the Wittgensteinian notion of attitude, we are able to more capably answer some of the objections to standard moral expressivism and generate a more sophisticated and plausible view.
A von Wright Error and Wittgenstein’s Heracliteanism
Authors: Venturinha Nuno
Published: November 2016

In this note I address two issues in Susan Edwards-McKie’s recent paper “The Cosmic Fragment: Härte des Logischen Zwangs und Unendliche Möglichkeit. Nachlass discoveries and Wittgenstein’s conception of generality and the infinite”. The first has to do with a “von Wright error” that Edwards- McKie found and that I show to have been ultimately corrected by von Wright. The second has to do with her interpretation of Wittgenstein’s reaction to Heraclitus’ idea that “everything flows”, one I interpret as purely grammatical and not as a substantial position in favour or against Heracliteanism, nor even as a third stance between this and Parmenideanism, as Edwards-McKie interestingly suggests.
Arthur MacIver’s Diary: Cambridge (October 1929 – March 1930)
Authors: McGuinness Brian
Published: November 2016

This article consists of extracts from a young Oxford philosopher’s diaries recounting his visit to Cambridge in his first postgraduate years and some subsequent revivals of contact. These extracts shed fascinating light on the social and academic situation in Cambridge shortly after Wittgenstein’s return there in the Lent Term 1929 and permit readers to see him from a fresh perspective. An introduction helps to view these extracts in their proper context.
Do Financial and Trade Openness Lead to Financial Sector Development in Nigeria?
Authors: Onanuga Abayomi Toyin , Onanuga Olaronke Toyin
Published: November 2016

With so many countries of the world now open to global capital and trade, this study identifies whether financial and trade openness contribute to the development of Nigeria’s financial system by considering both financial depth and access to finance indicators. To achieve this objective, we applied the Simultaneous Openness Hypothesis as our theoretical framework and the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) as our estimation method. Our findings reveal that opening trade while neglecting capital (vice versa) may be detrimental to the development of Nigeria financial system. In view of this evidence, we recommend that the simultaneous opening of trade and finance is a more guaranteed way of ensuring improved financial development in Nigeria.
Synthesis, crystal and electronic structure of the new sodium chain sulfido cobaltates(II), Na3CoS3 and Na5[CoS2]2(Br)
Authors: Stüble Pirmin , Kägi Jan P. , Röhr Caroline
Published: November 2016

The sulfido cobaltate(II) Na3CoS3 was synthesized from stoichiometric quantities of Na2S, elemental cobalt and sulfur at a maximum temperature of 1100°C. According to Na3CoS3=Na12[Co2S5(S2)][Co2S3(S2)] the orthorhombic structure of a new type (space group Cmc21, a=884.24(2), b=2177.38(5), c=1193.20(3) pm, Z=12, R1=0.0205) contains two different anions: i. dimers [Co2S5(S2)]8− of two edge-sharing [CoS4] tetrahedra with five sulfido and one η
1-disulfido ligand; ii. chains

∞
1

[

Co

2

S
3

(

S
2

)
]

4
−

$_\infty ^1{[{\rm{C}}{{\rm{o}}_2}{{\rm{S}}_3}({{\rm{S}}_2})]^{4 - }}$

of [CoS4] tetrahedra connected via μ-sulfido (3×) besides μ-1,2-disulfido (1×) ligands. The second title compound, Na5[CoS2]2(Br), which has been likewise synthesized as a pure phase from stoichiometric quantities of Na2S, Co, S and NaBr, is isotypic to Na5[CoS2]2(S) (Na6PbO5 type; tetragonal, space group I4mm, a=914.58(7), c=625.59(5) pm; R1=0.0412). The structure contains linear chains

∞
1

[

CoS

4
/
2

]

2
−

$_\infty ^1{[{\rm{Co}}{{\rm{S}}_{4/2}}]^{2 - }}$

running along the tetragonal c axis. In between, Br− ions are interspersed, which are coordinated by square pyramids of Na+ ions. The isotypic hydrogensulfide Na5[CoS2]2(SH) was obtained via the addition of NaSH. Several synthetic and structural arguments suggest that Na5[CoS2]2(SH) and the previously described pure sulfide are the same compound. The results of DFT band structure calculations (GGA+U, AFM spin ordering) are used to discuss and compare the chemical bonding in the new sulfido cobaltates(II) with that of the reference compound Na2[CoS2]. They also allow for obtaining insight into the superexchange path, which is responsible for the strong antiferromagnetic Co spin ordering along the chains.
Correspondence Between Physical Self-Concept and Participation in, and Fitness Change After, Biweekly Body Conditioning Classes in Sedentary Women
Authors: Aasa Ulrika , Paulin Johan , Madison Guy
Published: November 2016

Aasa, U, Paulin, J, and Madison, G. Correspondence between physical self-concept and participation in, and fitness change after, biweekly body conditioning classes in sedentary women. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 451–461, 2017—The aims of the study were (a) to investigate the effects of participation in low impact body conditioning classes on physical fitness in sedentary women at different ages and (b) to examine the correspondence between physical self-concept and participation in, and fitness change after, the participation. Ninety-two sedentary women (mean age 44.2 years) participated in 11 weeks of biweekly classes that included cardiovascular, strength, core, endurance, and mobility exercises, all performed in synchrony with music. Cardiorespiratory fitness, maximal lifting strength, mobility, and balance tests were performed before and after the exercise period and the short-form of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ-S) was completed. Zero-order Spearman correlation analyses showed that women who rated the PSDQ-S dimension sport competence higher participated in a larger number of sessions (r
s = 0.24, p = 0.040). At posttests, all participants had increased their balance, the participants aged 20–34 years had increased their lifting strength, and the participants aged 35–65 years had increased their cardiorespiratory fitness and mobility. Most PSDQ-S dimensions did not affect performance change, but the perception of being physically active was related to increased cardiovascular fitness. We conclude that women with a sedentary lifestyle who wish to increase their physical capacity benefit from music exercise and that inquiries about perceived sport competence and physical activity can improve recommendations made by strength and conditioning professionals.
Complex Training: The Effect of Exercise Selection and Training Status on Postactivation Potentiation in Rugby League Players
Authors: Scott David J. , Ditroilo Massimiliano , Marshall Phil A.
Published: November 2016

Scott, DJ, Ditroilo, M, and Marshall, PA. Complex training: the effect of exercise selection and training status on postactivation potentiation in rugby league players. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2694–2703, 2017—This study compared the postactivation potentiation (PAP) response of the hex bar deadlift (HBD) and back squat (BS) exercises. The PAP response between different levels of athletes was also compared. Ten professional and 10 amateur rugby league players performed 2 experimental sessions. Participants performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) before and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 minutes after a conditioning activity (CA) that contained 1 set of 3 repetitions at 93% 1 repetition maximum of either HBD or BS. A force platform determined peak power output (PPO), force at PPO, velocity at PPO, and jump height of each CMJ. Surface electromyography (EMG) of the vastus lasteralis, rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius medialis of each participant's dominant leg was recorded during each CMJ. A further 10 participants performed a control trial without a CA. The HBD expressed PAP between 2 and 6 minutes post-CA, whereas the BS did not. The HBD exhibited a significantly (p ≤ 0.05) greater PAP response than the BS for PPO. There were no significant (p > 0.05) differences between stronger and weaker players. There were no significant (p > 0.05) changes in the EMG variables. These results suggest that HBD is a suitable CA for eliciting PAP in stronger and weaker athletes. Strength and conditioning coaches should consider the CA and time frame between the CA and the plyometric exercise for optimal PAP responses.
An Evaluation of Agonist: Antagonist Strength Ratios and Posture Among Powerlifters
Authors: Cutrufello Paul T. , Gadomski Stephen J. , Ratamess Nicholas A.
Published: November 2016

Cutrufello, PT, Gadomski, SJ, and Ratamess, NA. An evaluation of agonist:antagonist strength ratios and posture among powerlifters. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 298–304, 2017—Powerlifters routinely focus on 3 exercises: bench press, squat, and deadlift. This focus may predispose them to the development of muscle imbalances in either the upper or lower extremity which might also influence posture. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the agonist:antagonist strength ratios and their relationship to postural measures among powerlifters. An ex post facto study design compared 15 male powerlifters (35.3 ± 13.7 years old) and 15 age-matched controls (34.9 ± 14.6 years old). Maximal isometric strength tests were conducted using handheld dynamometry. Posture was evaluated using pectoralis minor length, pelvic tilt, thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis. Strength imbalances were observed for shoulder horizontal adduction:abduction (2.57 ± 0.58 vs. 1.78 ± 0.28; p < 0.001) and knee flexion:extension (0.61 ± 0.15 vs. 0.50 ± 0.10; p = 0.033). Pectoralis minor length was significantly shorter among the powerlifters (6.1 ± 1.9 vs. 4.2 ± 1.4; p = 0.005); however, there was no statistical difference in thoracic kyphosis (37.7 ± 9.4 vs. 39.1 ± 10.9; p = 0.722), pelvic tilt (10.6 ± 3.6 vs. 11.3 ± 3.7; p = 0.622), or lumbar lordosis (25.0 ± 7.6 vs. 23.0 ± 8.4; p = 0.500) angles. Strength imbalances, including shoulder horizontal adduction:abduction and knee flexion:extension, and a shortened pectoralis minor may evolve as training adaptations among powerlifters, whereas thoracic kyphosis, pelvic tilt, and lumbar lordosis remain unchanged.
The Effect of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage After a Bout of Accentuated Eccentric Load Drop Jumps and the Repeated Bout Effect
Authors: Bridgeman Lee A. , Gill Nicholas D. , Dulson Deborah K. , McGuigan Michael R.
Published: November 2016

Bridgeman, LA, Gill, ND, Dulson, DK, and McGuigan, MR. The effect of exercise induced muscle damage after a bout of accentuated eccentric load drop jumps and the repeated bout effect. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 386–394, 2017—Although previous studies have investigated exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) after a bout of unloaded drop jumps (DJs), none have investigated the effects of accentuated eccentric load (AEL) DJs on EIMD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 30 and 50 AEL DJs on strength, jump performance, muscle soreness, and blood markers. Eight resistance trained athletes participated in this study. In week 1, baseline countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), concentric and eccentric peak force (PF), creatine kinase, and muscle soreness were assessed. Subjects then completed 30 AEL DJs and baseline measures were retested immediately postintervention, 1, 24, and 48 hours later. Two weeks later, the subjects completed the same protocol with an increase in AEL DJ volume (50). Subjects' SJ height was reduced in week 1 compared with week 3, postintervention, 1, 24, and 48 hours later (ES = −0.34, −0.44, −0.38, and −0.40). Subjects' CMJ height was reduced in week 1 compared with week 3, postintervention, 1, and 24 hours later (ES = −0.37, −0.29, and −0.39). Concentric PF was reduced in week 1 compared with week 3, postintervention and 24 and 48 hours later (ES = −0.02, −0.23, and −0.32). Eccentric PF was reduced in week 1 compared with week 3, postintervention, 24, and 48 hours later (ES = −0.24, −0.16, and −0.50). In this sample, 30 AEL DJs attenuated the effects of EIMD following which 50 AEL DJs completed 2 weeks later.
Game Times and Higher Winning Percentages of West Coast Teams of the National Football League Correspond With Reduced Prevalence of Regular Season Injury
Authors: Brager Allison J. , Mistovich Ronald J.
Published: November 2016

Brager, AJ and Mistovich, RJ. Game times and higher winning percentages of west coast teams of the National Football League correspond with reduced prevalence of regular season injury. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 462–467, 2017—West coast teams of the National Football League are more statistically likely to win home night games against east coast opponents. The alignment of game times with daily rhythms of alertness is thought to contribute to this advantage. This study aims to determine whether rates of turnovers and injuries during the regular season, putative measures of mental and physical fatigue, impact winning percentages. Regular season schedules and rates of turnovers for each of the 32 teams were obtained from Pro-Football-Reference. We developed our own metric of injury risk for each position obtained from depth charts and regular season schedules. This metric compared cumulative weeks on injury reserve with cumulative time zone travel. West coast teams traveled 4 times as often as east coast teams. However, teams traveling eastward won twice as many games. There was no relationship between the extent and direction of travel and number of turnovers. Losing teams had more turnovers. The offensive and defensive lines in Central Time (CT) were placed on injury reserve 4 times as often as offensive and defensive lines in Pacific Time (PT). Injury prevalence in CT vs. PT was most prominent midseason. Plotting midseason game time relative to biological time revealed that PT teams play games closer to endogenous peaks in alertness, whereas CT teams play games closer to endogenous troughs in alertness. Overall, closer alignment of game time with the endogenous “alerting” signal may protect west coast teams from fatigue-related injuries and suggests for modified strength and conditioning programs.
Loads and Movement Speeds Dictate Differences in Power Output During Circuit Training
Authors: Roberson Kirk B. , Chowdhari Sean S. , White Morgan J. , Signorile Joseph F.
Published: November 2016

Roberson, KB, Chowdhari, SS, White, MJ, and Signorile, JF. Loads and movement speeds dictate differences in power output during circuit training. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2765–2776, 2017—Power training has become a common exercise intervention for improving muscle strength, power, and physical function while reducing injury risk. Few studies, however, have evaluated acute load changes on power output during traditional resistance training protocols. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify the effects of different loading patterns on power output during a single session of circuit resistance training (CRT). Nine male (age = 19.4 ± 0.9 years) and 11 female participants (age = 20.6 ± 1.6 years) completed 3 CRT protocols during separate testing sessions using 7 pneumatic exercises. Protocols included heavy load explosive contraction (HLEC: 80% one repetition maximum [1RM], maximum speed concentric-2 seconds eccentric), heavy load controlled contraction (HLCC: 80% 1RM, 2 seconds concentric-2 seconds eccentric), and moderate load explosive contraction (MLEC: 50% 1RM, maximum speed concentric-2 seconds eccentric). Protocols were assigned randomly using a counterbalanced design. Power for each repetition and set were determined using computerized software interfaced with each machine. Blood lactate was measured at rest and immediately postexercise. For male and female participants, average power was significantly greater during all exercises for HLEC and MLEC than HLCC. Average power was greatest during the HLEC for leg press (LP), hip adduction (ADD), and hip abduction (ABD) (p ≤ 0.05), whereas male participants alone produced their greatest power during HLEC for leg curl (LC) (p < 0.001). For male and female participants, significantly greater power was detected by set for LP, lat pull-down (LAT), ADD, LC, and ABD for the MLEC protocol (p < 0.02) and for LP, LAT, CP, and LC for the HLEC protocol (p < 0.03). A condition × sex interaction was seen for blood lactate changes (

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-201710000-00015/15MMU1/v/2023-08-19T002734Z/r/image-tiff

= 0.249; p = 0.024), with female participants producing a significantly greater change for MLEC than HLEC (Mdiff = 1.61 ± 0.35 mmol·L−1; p = 0.011), whereas male participants showed no significant differences among conditions. Performing a CRT protocol using explosive training patterns, especially at high loads for lower-body exercises and moderate loads for upper-body exercises, produces significantly higher power than controlled speed training in most exercises. These results provide exercisers, personal trainers, and strength coaches with information that can assist in the design of training protocols to maximize power output during CRT.
Selection Limits to Adaptive Walks on Correlated Landscapes
Authors: Heredia Jorge Pérez , Trubenová Barbora , Sudholt Dirk , Paixão Tiago
Published: November 2016

Adaptation depends critically on the effects of new mutations and their dependency on the genetic background in which they occur. These two factors can be summarized by the fitness landscape. However, it would require testing all mutations in all backgrounds, making the definition and analysis of fitness landscapes mostly inaccessible. Instead of postulating a particular fitness landscape, we address this problem by considering general classes of landscapes and calculating an upper limit for the time it takes for a population to reach a fitness peak, circumventing the need to have full knowledge about the fitness landscape. We analyze populations in the weak-mutation regime and characterize the conditions that enable them to quickly reach the fitness peak as a function of the number of sites under selection. We show that for additive landscapes there is a critical selection strength enabling populations to reach high-fitness genotypes, regardless of the distribution of effects. This threshold scales with the number of sites under selection, effectively setting a limit to adaptation, and results from the inevitable increase in deleterious mutational pressure as the population adapts in a space of discrete genotypes. Furthermore, we show that for the class of all unimodal landscapes this condition is sufficient but not necessary for rapid adaptation, as in some highly epistatic landscapes the critical strength does not depend on the number of sites under selection; effectively removing this barrier to adaptation.
ESTIŠKŲ, LATVIŠKŲ IR LIETUVIŠKŲ KNYGŲ LEIDYBOS APIMČIŲ DINAMIKA XIX A. PIRMOJE PUSĖJE: LYGINAMOJI ANALIZĖ
Authors: Navickienė Aušra
Published: November 2016

Straipsnyje pateikiami XIX a. estiškų, latviškų ir lietuviškų knygų leidybos apimčių lyginamojo tyrimo rezultatai. Tyrimas buvo atliktas remiantis šiuo metu reprezentatyviausiais šaltiniais ‒ nacionalinėmis retrospektyviosiomis estiškų, latviškų ir lietuviškų knygų bibliografijomis. Išsiaiškinus, kiek leidinių buvo išleidžiama kasmet nuo 1801 iki 1855 metų, buvo suskaičiuotas bendras leidinių skaičius kiekvienoje šalyje, leidybos apimčių vidurkiai dešimtmečiais bei leidybos apimčių vidurkiai vienam milijonui gyventojų dešimtmečiais. Pasitelkus gautus duomenis ir taikant aprašomosios statistikos metodus buvo palygintos kiekybinės leidybos apimtys visu nagrinėjamu laikotarpiu ir dešimtmečiais, nustatytos jų kaitos tendencijos, taip pat numatytos tolesnės tokių tyrimų kryptys. Leidybos apimtims analizuoti buvo taikomi bibliografinis, aprašomosios statistikos (duomenų rinkimo, sisteminimo ir pateikimo) bei lyginimo metodai, o pagrindžiant tolesnes tyrimų kryptis – analizinės statistikos metodai.
MASONŲ KNYGOS KULTŪROS RAIŠKA XIX AMŽIAUS LIETUVOJE
Authors: Pacevičius Arvydas
Published: November 2016

XIX a. pradžioje Lietuvoje, be asmeninių rinkinių (Mykolo Dluskio, Kazimiero Kontrimo, Johano Frydricho Volfgango), masonai kaupė ložių bibliotekas. Apie jas išliko duomenų „Vilniaus universiteto dovanų knygoje, 1792–1832“, „Vilniaus universiteto dienyne“ (pradėtas 1823 m.), Vilniaus ložei „Uolusis lietuvis“ 1816 m. spalio 23 d. M. Dluskio pasirašytame įsigytų knygų sąraše. Straipsnyje, remiantis minėtais šaltiniais, istoriografijos ir bibliografijos duomenimis, išlikusiais spaudiniais, aptariama masonų idėjų raiška knyginėje simbolikoje, analizuojama masonų knygų rinkinių sudėtis, tikėtini įsigijimo šaltiniai ir būdai, išsklaidymo aplinkybės, mėginama atkurti intelektines masonų veiklos ir ideologinės orientacijos gaires vykstančių diskusijų dėl laisvųjų mūrininkų misijos ir reformų (Jokūbo Šimkevičiaus ir K. Kontrimo projektas) kontekste. Nustatyta, kad masonai, 1821 m. pradėti persekioti imperatoriaus Aleksandro I administracijos, Vilniaus universiteto bibliotekai dviem etapais (1824 m. vasario 20 d. ir gegužės 7 d.) perdavė 26 pavadinimų knygas – iš viso 28 vienetus. Dar trys masonų knygos, naudotos rengiantis ritualiniams darbams, identifikuotos remiantis kitais šaltiniais. Dauguma knygų skirtos masonų teisėkūrai, ritualams, istorijai. Buvo kaupiama lektūra prancūzų, vokiečių, lenkų, lotynų, rusų kalbomis. Didesnė masonų knygų dalis po universiteto uždarymo buvo išvežta į Kijevą, o XX a. viduryje prof. Levo Vladimirovo pastangomis sugrąžinta į Vilniaus universiteto bibliotekos saugyklas.
LIETUVOS SKAUTŲ SPAUDOS LEIDYBA 1990–2013 METAIS
Authors: Venclovaitė Vaiva
Published: November 2016

Straipsnyje siekiama ištirti Lietuvos skautų leidybinę veiklą 1990–2013 metais istoriniame, socialiniame, kultūriniame bei ideologiniame skautybės kontekste. Atliekant tyrimą išaiškėjo skautų leidybos paskatos, reikšmė, intensyvumai, teminiai ir kokybiniai aspektai. Skautų spauda išliko viena iš pagrindinių skautų organizacijos plėtros, komunikacijos, informacijos ir patirties perdavimo priemonių. Lietuvos skautų spauda nėra skirta vien tik vidiniams organizacijos poreikiams tenkinti. Joje gausu ir įvairesnės tematikos veikalų plačiajai visuomenei. Skautų leidybos geografijos ir pagrindinių leidėjų tyrimas parodė, kad pagrindiniai leidybos centrai Lietuvoje buvo nulemti ekonominės ir kultūrinės miestų padėties. Priklausomai nuo istorinės padėties kito ir leidėjų tinklas, tačiau buvo aiškiai matomas lyderis: tarpukario Lietuvoje – Lietuvos skautų sąjunga, išeivijoje – Lietuvių skautų sąjunga, nepriklausomoje Lietuvoje po 1990 m. – Lietuvos skautija. Skautų spauda padeda organizacijai išlaikyti tęstinumą. Tai suvokiant palaikomas pastovus knygų ir periodinės spaudos leidybos intensyvumas.
MOKSLININKO REPREZENTACIJOS SKAITMENINĖJE ERDVĖJE SĄSAJOS SU PUBLIKACIJŲ DUOMENŲ BAZĖMIS
Authors: Šarlauskienė Lina
Published: November 2016

Straipsnyje analizuojamos mokslinių rezultatų sklaidos galimybės kuriant antrosios kartos saityno priemonėmis ir akademinių bibliotekų paslaugomis papildytą mokslininko skaitmeninį identitetą. Atlikus tyrimą, nustatytos pagrindinės mokslininko skaitmeninio identiteto kūrimo priemonės: mokslininko gyvenimo aprašymo bei mokslinių publikacijų sąrašų viešinimas, mokslometrijos rodiklių pateikimas, socialinių tinklų ir kitų antrosios kartos saityno įrankių naudojimas; saityno naršymo apie mokslininką ir jo veiklą rezultatai. Siejant literatūros ir atvejo analizės metodus, ištirtos šių priemonių taikymo galimybės asmeniniu bei instituciniu lygmeniu ir problemos Lietuvoje bei tarptautiniu mastu. Siekiant populiarinti mokslinius pasiekimus, įgyti asmeninį ar institucinį žinomumą bei pripažinimą šiuolaikinėje mokslo komunikacijoje, itin svarbu atsižvelgti ne tik į tradicinius mokslo vertinimo, bet ir besiplėtojančius alternatyviuosiuos sklaidos aspektus: asmeninį dalyvavimą mokslininkų socialiniuose tinkluose, aktyvų dalykinės ir mokslinės informacijos skleidimą interneto erdvėje, institucinį ir nacionalinį suinteresuotumą kuriant mokslininkų duomenų bazes, tarptautinį bendradarbiavimą formuojant, perkeliant ir publikuojant mokslininkų publikacijų sąrašus.
PIRMOJI LIETUVOS RAŠYTOJO ASMENINEI BIBLIOTEKAI SKIRTA MONOGRAFIJA
Authors: Liepaitė Inga
Published: November 2016

LIETUVNINKAITĖ, NIJOLĖ. SKAITANTIS VAIŽGANTAS: MONOGRAFIJA. VILNIUS: LIETUVIŲ LITERATŪROS IR TAUTOSAKOS INSTITUTAS, 2015. 372 P., [74] ILIUSTR. P. ISBN 978-609-425-149-8.
PLANTENŲ RINKINIAI LIETUVOS BIBLIOTEKOSE
Authors: Vaitkevičiūtė Viktorija
Published: November 2016

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ĮKURTA EUROPOS LEIDYBOS STUDIJŲ ASOCIACIJA
Authors: Gudinavičius Arūnas
Published: November 2016

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Estado nutricional antropométrico e qualidade de vida em escolares com asma
Authors: Mendes Aline Amaral , Strassburger Márcio Júnior , Franz Lígia Beatriz Bento , Busnello Maristela Borin , Battisti Iara Denise Endruweit , Strassburger Simone Zeni
Published: November 2016

Aims: To investigate the relationship between anthropometric status and quality of life in children with asthma.Methods: Case-control study, including students from third to eighth grade of elementary school at the city of Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The first phase of the study consisted of a cross-sectional study, when a questionnaire of screening was sent to the students' homes to be completed by the parents or guardians, aiming to identify children with asthma, which were allocated to the group of cases (positive responses to cough, wheezing without colds, use of any medication for asthma in the last 12 months and/or medical diagnosis of asthma). For the control group, students matched by sex and age whose responses were negative for asthma were selected, at the rate of two controls for each case. The children received home visits from trained researchers, who presented to the participants and their parents/guardians a questionnaire about health related quality of life. Evaluation of anthropometric status was carried out at the schools by the researchers.Results: In the first phase od the study 1,691 students were investigated, and 184 (10.8%) were classified as having asthma. Of these, 486 students responded to the questionnaire of quality of life: 122 with asthma and 364 controls. Anthropometric assessment was performed in 414 children (106 cases and 308 controls). Eutrophic children totaled 237 (57.2%), low weight 8 (1.9%), overweight 90 (21.7%) and obese 79 (19.1%). Overweight/obesity was observed in 49 (46.2%) students of the group with asthma and in 120 (38.9%) in the control group (p<0.001). When comparing the quality of life between the groups, lower scores were observed among the asthma group in the physical well-being domain (p<0.001) and in the total score of quality of life (p=0.003). In children with asthma plus overweight/obesity, the mean score on the physical well-being domain was lower when compared to the group without asthma and eutrophic (p=0.010).Conclusions: When comparing students between seven and 18 years with or without history of asthma, asthma was associated with poor quality of life. Considering overweight and obesity as comorbidities, quality of life was worse for this group of students in the physical well-being domain.
Mediating colonial marginality and (minor) ity in Isabel de Guevara´s Carta a la Princesa Doña Juana
Authors: Marrero-Fente Raul , Ehrenburg Scott
Published: November 2016

Escrito em 1556 por um dos participantes da conquista e colonização do Rio da Prata, a carta de Isabel de Guevara para a princesa Juana é um testemunho crucial de seu tempo. O valor desse documento vem da condição pessoal do autor, definida como testemunha ocular dos fatos descritos. É dessa maneira que ela estabelece a verossimilitude da narração baseada no discurso jurídico. Esse artigo busca interrogar as construções binarias de colonial/imperial, margem/centro e local/global, a partir de um exame da carta de Isabel de Guevara em um contexto hispano-americano mais amplo.
Além da Dádiva ou da Conquista: as interpretações da questão social no Chile e no Brasil
Authors: Cortés Alexis
Published: November 2016

Como as ciências sociais compreenderam a questão social no Chile e no Brasil durante o século XX? No campo historiográfico, nestes países latinoamericanos, inicialmente foram produzidas interpretações opostas para compreender o desenvolvimento da questão social. Se no Chile foi interpretada como uma conquista operária resultante da força do movimento político-sindical; no Brasil, pelo contrário, o mesmo fenômeno foi entendido como uma “dádiva” estatal-populista, produto da passividade operária. Posteriormente, estas leituras clássicas foram questionadas por perspectivas que mostraram uma relação entre movimento operário e Estado muito mais complexa que terminou por redefinir ambos os termos. Assim, revisitar criticamente estas interpretações é um exercício que permite uma aproximação ao como as ciências sociais formam parte das lutas que elas descrevem.
O protagonismo midiático da multidão nos movimentos sociais
Authors: Torres Eduardo Cintra
Published: November 2016

A importância adquirida por movimentos sociais e pela sua expressão multitudinária e midiática na vida política e social de países como o Egito, a Tunísia, o Brasil, a Turquia ou a Ucrânia é aceita com unanimidade pelos analistas na imprensa e nos estudos acadêmicos. Este artigo pretende refletir sobre aspectos que, todavia, não parecem estar devidamente identificados e estabelecidos: o momento de multidão como, ainda e sempre, o ponto de viragem no impacto de um movimento social; a relevância da multidão para além do eventual fracasso dos objetivos que a motivaram; a explicação da manutenção da importância das midias “tradicionais” na era da Internet e das redes sociais eletrônicas; a filiação histórica das principais características do fenômeno multitudinário e o acento correto no que é realmente novo, caso do marcado empoderamento do indivíduo em algumas multidões contemporâneas, como as do Brasil em 2013, e a fluidez do ativismo nas democracias desenvolvidas.
Heredera de Pedro Madrigal: María de Quiñones, impresora de ingenios áureos
Authors: Ortega Davinia Rodríguez
Published: November 2016

Este artigo discute a história da imprensa fundada por Pedro Madrigal em 1585 em Madrid, depois de deixar sua oficina em Salamanca. Após a morte do editor, sucederam-no no manejo das prensas sua viúva, Maria Rodriguez, seu “filho” Pedro Madrigal, Juan de la Cuesta e Maria de Quiñones. Esta última aproveitou uma oportunidade privilegiada de negócios e levou consigo o livreiro Pedro Coello para imprimir comédias após o fim da proibição, em 1634. Assim, da sua impressão surgiram peças de comédias de grandes autores da Idade de Ouro como Tirso de Molina, Calderon de la Barca e Lope de Vega, entre outros.
Life table parameters and digestive enzyme activities in Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed on some commercial cultivars of tomato
Authors: Mardani-Talaee M. , Zibaee A. , Rahimi V.
Published: November 2016

Effects of six commercial tomato cultivars, Super Strain B, Super crystal, Hed rio grande, SUN 6108 f1, Rio grande UG and Cal.JN3 were determined on digestive physiology and life table parameters of Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper). The highest values of consumed foods were determined in the larvae fed on Rio grande UG and Cal.JN3 while the lowest values were observed on SUN 6108 f1. Statistical difference was found in the pupal weight by the highest value on SUN 6108f1. The highest values of intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the net reproductive rate (R0) were obtained on SUN 6108 f1 but the lowest values were obtained on Cal.JN3. Significant differences were also found in activities of digestive enzymes including specific proteases, α-amylase, glucosidases and TAG-lipase. Our findings showed that the highest and the lowest activities of specific proteases and TAG lipase were obtained on Rio grande UG and SUN 6108 f1, respectively. In addition, activities of the carbohydrases were the highest in the larvae fed on Cal.JN3. The demographical and physiological findings here revealed Cal.JN3 and Rio grande UG as the partially unsuitable cultivars for C. chalcites in comparison with other ones which may be recommended in integrated pest management.
Towards a cross-linguistic typology of marking polarity in embedded degree clauses
Authors: Bacskai-Atkari Julia
Published: November 2016

The article focuses on comparative complementisers in comparative clauses expressing inequality in various languages, with particular attention paid to their role as lexicalising negative polarity. I argue that the relevant property follows from degree semantics, in that the comparative subclause encodes the inequality of the degree expressed by a matrix clausal element and the one expressed by the comparative operator. Just like ordinary negation, this has to be encoded overtly; however, as it does not constitute an instance of genuine clausal negation, the property cannot be encoded by an operator, and hence must be realised on a functional head, which is either the complementiser or a separate polarity head.
Result states and repetitive adverbs
Authors: Csirmaz Aniko , Slade Benjamin
Published: November 2016

This paper considers some paradoxes that arise in connection with repetitive adverbials in English. We propose a simple syntactic structure of verbal predicates along the lines of Ramchand (2008) and show how the apparent paradoxes can be resolved with that structure and some straightforward assumptions. One observation is that repetitives behave differently with verbs taking affected subjects (like read) than with verbs taking non-affected subjects (like paint). Another observation is the fact that repetitives are not uniform in their behaviour with respect to resultatives. Once again, structural assumptions, specifically, distinct structural positions of the resultatives, account for this varied behaviour.
Presentación
Authors: Caballero De la Hoz Amilkar , Diaz Eliana
Published: November 2016

Literatura, música y subjetividades es el nuevo número monográfico que la Revista Cuadernos de Literatura del Caribe e Hispanoamérica pone a disposición de la comunidad académica. En el escenario actual del campo literario, caracterizado por gran hibridez y por un decentramiento del canon de los géneros, hemos querido reunir perspectivas diversas sobre la intersección entre “alta” literatura y la música, género de la literatura popular en donde se siguen (re)construyendo y (re)significando identidades en nuestra región. Nueve artículos conforman esta nueva publicación en la que los lectores podrán aproximarse a textos literarios (la novela, el poema, el cuento y la canción) o textos culturales como la fiesta religiosa o un festival donde la música funciona como elemento que cohesiona identidades, revela tensiones entre discursos hegemónicos y subalternos, instaura o parodia significados. Desde el lugar sagrado del terreiro hasta espacios con otros tintes de sacralidad donde están en juego la imposición de narrativas nacionales, nacionalistas, étnicas y comunitarias como el backyard actualizado en la forma del Green Moon Festival, vemos cómo estos son atravesados y moldeados por el discurso musical que, ante todo, se encuentra etnizado y politizado.
El cancionero cubano entre lo letrado y lo popular: “La cleptómana” de Acosta y Luna frente a “La cocainómana” de Matamoros
Authors: Feble Jorge
Published: November 2016

En este estudio se propone en esencia que “La cocainómana”, son guapachoso compuesto por Miguel Matamoros para su conocido Trío a principios de 1930, se inspira cuando menos parcialmente en “La cleptómana”, canción romántica de Manuel Luna, la cual respeta íntegra- mente el soneto del mismo título dado a conocer por Agustín Acosta en su poe- mario Ala (1915). “La cleptómana”, pieza clave de la vieja y la nueva trova cuba- nas, refleja el convencional prurito mi- sógino de índole romántico-modernista fundamentado en la ladrona de corazo- nes. Se arguye que ese componente del cancionero cubano responde más bien, al menos en un comienzo, a las elegan- tes consideraciones de la clase letrada, no obstante el origen popular de muchos de sus intérpretes y hasta compositores. Para llegar a esa conclusión, el ensayo se apoya en las ideas de musicólogos como Frances Aparicio, Alejo Carpen- tier, Ned Sublette, Tony Évora, Cristóbal Díaz Ayala, Robin Moore y demás, así como en nociones expuestas por Bajtín, Frances Aparicio, Raphael Dalleo y Án- gel Rama. Palabras clave: Poema-canción, Bolero, Son, Archivo popular, Performance.
Los tonos de la Luna Verde: la lucha por los significados del Green Moon Festival en la isla de San Andrés
Authors: Piamba Tulcán Diva Marcela , Silva Eduardo Antonio
Published: November 2016

Este artículo presenta una serie de re- flexiones sobre el Green Moon Festival que se realiza en la isla de San Andrés (Colombia), las tradiciones musicales que allí se presentan y las identidades que se construyen alrededor del even- to. A partir de una comparación de dos textos que referencian el Festival en sus inicios y de una etnografía reciente, se hace un análisis de las transformacio- nes y resignificaciones que ha tomado el evento, mostrando el Festival como un lugar ambivalente que oscila entre inte- reses de cooptación estatal/comercial y reivindicaciones identitarias. Palabras clave: San Andrés Islas, Identidad, Etnografía, Música, Colombianización.
El terreiro de candomblé representado en la poética de Aloísio Resende y Solano Trindade
Authors: Lima Santos Denilson
Published: November 2016

El conocimiento de las tradiciones yoru- ba y bantú está presente en la sociedad brasileña. Esto se debe a la mancha in- deleble de la esclavitud. Desplazados, sin derecho a llevar nada, solo con el conocimiento que se imprimió en sus cuerpos, los africanos han reconstrui- do nuevas territorialidades y saberes en Brasil. A partir de esta antigua herencia, en este ensayo nos proponemos plan- tear cómo los poetas Aloísio Resende y Solano Trindade hacen de la visión del mundo africano aprendida en la comuni- dad/terreiro una propuesta poética que está en contra de la estética hegemóni- ca. Por lo tanto, se han comparado los poemas de los dos escritores con el fin de comprender el lenguaje que reinven- ta el espacio de la ancestralidad. Palabras clave Terreiro, Yoruba, Bantú, Poema, Ances- tralidad.
Las memorias “maricas” en el conflicto armado reciente de los Montes de María: territorio, identidades y testimonio
Authors: Jiménez Muriel
Published: November 2016

El artículo analiza las conexiones entre identidades de género, orientaciones sexuales, conflicto armado y memorias en Montes de María. Busca aproximarsea las memorias de víctimas del conflicto armado con orientaciones sexuales e identidades de género no hegemónicas, en clave regional. Se indagará sobre la historización de estas memorias y los contextos en que surgen; la vinculación entre el lugar de enunciación de los sujetos, su identidad y sus testimonios.
Nueve escalones al cielo
Authors: Vega Helen
Published: November 2016

Mi madre cuidó de sus fiebres y de sus insomnios. Su vida corta, su carrera incómoda hacia no sé dónde, lo hicieron distinto. Todos los hermanos cuidamosde él sin ninguna caricia, con pocos abrazos, pero con la más sólida complicidad.