bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic Impact of the High-Speed Railway on Housing Prices in China
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Liu Xueli , Wang Feng
Published: December 2018

This study investigated whether and to what extent does the High-Speed Railway (HSR) affect city-level housing prices. With the data of HSR operation and housing prices from 285 cities from 2009 to 2017, the paper aimed to estimate the quantitative relationship between HSR and city-level housing prices and exploited city and regional dummy variables to assess the disparities between regions, followed by the economic effects between typical city pairs. Our findings were as follows: (1) The introduction of HSR leads to a 13.9% increase in city-level housing prices, and the figures for national central cities and regional central cities were 31.7% and 19.6%, respectively; (2) regional imbalance was mitigated with the development of the HSR, and some central cities in underdeveloped regions were stimulated with regard to housing price growth; (3) siphon effects and diffusion effects were observed in megacity–small city pairs, while synergistic effects often lay in megacity–megacity pairs, and such effects all tended to be more significant with increases in the number of HSR lines and a drop in the travel time.
Factors Influencing Individual Customers Trust in Internet Banking: Case of Baltic States
Authors: Skvarciany Viktorija , Jurevičienė Daiva
Published: December 2018

The investigation of trust in commercial banks needs to focus specifically on internet banking, as it is the fastest growing banking service. The article explores factors influencing trust in internet banking and estimates this impact in the Baltics states. The factors are as follows: Provided information, e-banking system, the website of a bank, and a bank’s characteristics. Overall, 1013 respondents and 21 experts took part in the current study. The results of the respondents’ survey showed that the factor that is necessary for trust building in all the examined countries differs: In Lithuania, information and the bank, in Latvia, the website, and in Estonia, the bank. According to the experts, the most powerful factor in the trust-building process in Lithuania and Latvia is the e-banking system while in Estonia, the website. The research has the following limitations: The online survey of individual customers (however, internet banking relates to internet users, so this limitation is not essential); the analysis of only the positively affecting criteria of the trust-building process; only experts assessed the subfactors.
Evaluating On-Farm Biodiversity: A Comparison of Assessment Methods
Authors: Gabel Vanessa , Home Robert , Stöckli Sibylle , Meier Matthias , Stolze Matthias , Köpke Ulrich
Published: December 2018

Strategies to stop the loss of biodiversity in agriculture areas will be more successful if farmers have the means to understand changes in biodiversity on their farms and to assess the effectiveness of biodiversity promoting measures. There are several methods to assess on-farm biodiversity but it may be difficult to select the most appropriate method for a farmer’s individual circumstances. This study aims to evaluate the usability and usefulness of four biodiversity assessment methods that are available to farmers in Switzerland. All four methods were applied to five case study farms, which were ranked according to the results. None of the methods were able to provide an exact statement on the current biodiversity status of the farms, but each method could provide an indication, or approximation, of one or more aspects of biodiversity. However, the results also showed that it is possible to generate different statements on the state of biodiversity on the same farms by using different biodiversity assessment methods. All methods showed strengths and weaknesses so, when choosing a method, the purpose of the biodiversity assessment should be kept in the foreground and the limitations of the chosen methods should be considered when interpreting the outcomes.
The Role of Biosurfactants in the Continued Drive for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Olasanmi Ibukun , Thring Ronald
Published: December 2018

Biosurfactants are microbial products that have been increasingly researched due to their many identified advantages, such as low toxicity and high activity at extreme temperatures, but more importantly, they are biodegradable and compatible with the environment. Biosurfactants are versatile products with vast applications in the clean-up of environmental pollutants through biodegradation and bioremediation. They also have applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and other industries. These advantages and wide range of applications have led to the continued interest in biosurfactants. In particular, there is a growing discussion around environmental sustainability and the important role that biosurfactants will increasingly play in the near future, for example, via the use of renewable by-products as substrates, waste reduction, and potential reuse of the treated waste. This has resulted in increased attention on these microbial products in industry. Research highlighting the potential of biosurfactants in environmental sustainability is required to drive efforts to make biosurfactants more viable for commercial and large-scale applications; making them available, cheaper and economically sustainable. The present review discusses the unique relationship between biosurfactants and environmental sustainability, especially the role that biosurfactants play in the clean-up of environmental pollutants and, therefore, increasing environmental protection.
A Strategy-Based Model for Low Carbon Cities
Authors: Hasyimi Valid , Azizalrahman Hossny
Published: December 2018

Low carbon cities are increasingly forming a distinct strand of sustainability literature. Models have been developed to measure the performance of low carbon cities. The purpose of this paper is to formulate a strategy-based model to evaluate current performance and predict future conditions of low carbon cities. It examines the dynamic interrelationships between key performance indicators (KPIs), induces changes to city plan targets, and then instantly predicts the outcome of these changes. Designed to be generic and flexible, the proposed model shows how low carbon targets could be used to guide the transformation of low carbon cities under four strategies: (1) Passive intervention, (2) problem solving, (3) trend modifying, and (4) opportunity seeking. Further, the model has been applied to 17 cities and then tested on five cities: London, New York, Barcelona, Dubai, and Istanbul. The paper concludes with policy implications to realign city plans and support low carbon innovation.
Modeling and Simulation of the Anticipated Effects of the Synchronous Condenser on an Electric-Power Network with Participating Wind Plants
Authors: Igbinovia Famous O. , Fandi Ghaeth , Ahmad Ibrahim , Muller Zdenek , Tlusty Josef
Published: December 2018

Installing a synchronous condenser (SC) onto an electricity grid can assist in the areas of reactive power needs, short-circuit strength, and, consequently, system inertia and guarantees better dynamic voltage recovery. This paper summarizes the practical potential of the synchronous condenser coordinated in an electric-power network with participating wind plants to supply reactive power compensation and injection of active power at their point of common coupling; it provides a systematic assessment method for simulating and analyzing the anticipated effects of the synchronous condenser on a power network with participating wind plants. A 33-kV power line has been used as a case study. The results indicate that the effect of the adopted synchronous condenser solution model in the MATLAB/Simulink environment provides reactive power, enhances voltage stability, and minimizes power losses, while the wind power plants provide active power support with given practical grid rules.
Population-Based Simulation of Urban Growth: The Italian Case Study
Authors: Cosentino Claudia , Amato Federico , Murgante Beniamino
Published: December 2018

Land take is one of the most studied phenomena in land use science. The increased attention to the issue of urban growth from both scientists and decision makers is justified by the dramatic negative effects on land use caused by anthropogenic activities. Within this context, researchers have developed and explored several models to forecast land use changes, some of which establish excellent scenario-based predictions of urban growth. However, there is still a lack of operative and user-friendly tools to be integrated into standard urban planning procedures. This paper explores the features of the recently published model FUTure Urban-Regional Environment Simulation integrated into the GRASSGIS environment, which generates urban growth simulation based on a plethora of driving variables. Specifically, the model was applied to the case study of urbanization in the Italian national territory. Hence, the aim of this work is to analyze the importance of population dynamics within the process of urban growth. A simulation of urban growth up to the year 2035 was performed. Results show that, despite the importance given to demographic aspects when defining urban policies over the last several decades, additional factors need to be considered during planning processes to overcome the housing issues currently experienced in Italy.
Design of Sampling Plan Using Regression Estimator under Indeterminacy
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , AL-Marshadi Ali Hussein
Published: December 2018

The acceptance sampling plans are one of the most important tools for the inspection of a lot of products. Sometimes, it is difficult to study the variable of interest, and some additional or auxiliary information which is correlated to that variable is available. The existing sampling plans having auxiliary information are applied when the full, precise, determinate and clear data is available for lot sentencing. Neutrosophic statistics, which is the extension of classical statistics, can be applied when information about the quality of interest or auxiliary information is unclear and indeterminate. In this paper, we will introduce a neutrosophic regression estimator. We will design a new sampling plan using the neutrosophic regression estimator. The neutrosophic parameters of the proposed plan will be determined through the neutrosophic optimization solution. The efficiency of the proposed plan is discussed. The results of the proposed plan will be explained using real industrial data. From the comparison, it is concluded that the proposed sampling plan is more effective and adequate for the inspection of a lot than the existing plan, under the conditions of uncertainty.
Logics for Finite UL and IUL-Algebras Are Substructural Fuzzy Logics
Authors: Wang Sanmin
Published: December 2018

Semilinear substructural logics UL ω and IUL ω are logics for finite UL and IUL -algebras, respectively. In this paper, the standard completeness of UL ω and IUL ω is proven by the method developed by Jenei, Montagna, Esteva, Gispert, Godo, and Wang. This shows that UL ω and IUL ω are substructural fuzzy logics.
Synthesis of 3,4-Biaryl-2,5-Dichlorothiophene through Suzuki Cross-Coupling and Theoretical Exploration of Their Potential Applications as Nonlinear Optical Materials
Authors: Mahmood Nasir , Rasool Nasir , Ikram Hafiz , Hashmi Muhammad , Mahmood Tariq , Zubair Muhammad , Ahmad Gulraiz , Rizwan Komal , Rashid Tahir , Rashid Umer
Published: December 2018

We report herein the efficient one-pot synthesis of 3,4-biaryl-2,5-dichlorothiophene derivatives (2a–2i) via a palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. A series of thiophene derivatives were synthesized, starting from 3,4-dibromo-2,5-dichlorothiophene (1) and various arylboronic acids using Pd(PPh3)4 and K3PO4 with moderate to good yields. For further insights about the structure and property relationship, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed. A relaxed potential energy surface (PES) scan was performed to locate the minimum energy structure. A frontier molecular orbitals analysis was performed to explain the reactivity of all synthesized derivatives. As the synthesized derivatives had extended conjugations, therefore the first hyperpolarizability (βo) was calculated to investigate their potential as non-linear optical (NLO) materials and significant βo values were found for the 2b and 2g derivatives.
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor, a Novel Receptor for Vegetative Insecticidal Protein Vip3Aa
Authors: Jiang Kun , Hou Xiaoyue , Han Lu , Tan Tongtong , Cao Zhanglei , Cai Jun
Published: December 2018

Vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips), which are secreted by some Bacillus thuringiensis strains during vegetative growth, exhibit high virulence to many pests. Vip3A proteins have been used commercially both in some bio-insecticides and in transgenic crops; however, compared with insecticidal crystal proteins, the mechanism of action of Vip3A is still unclear. In this work, we indicated that the fibroblast growth factor receptor-like protein (Sf-FGFR) from the membrane of Sf9 cells could bind to Vip3Aa. The interaction between Vip3Aa and Sf-FGFR was confirmed by pull-down assays and dot blotting experiment in vitro. The binding affinity between Vip3Aa and extracellular regions of Sf-FGFR (GST-FGFR-N) was determined by microscale thermophoresis assay (MST). Moreover, Vip3Aa-Flag could be co-immunoprecipitated with Sf-FGFR-V5 ex vivo. Furthermore, knockdown of Sf-FGFR gene in Sf9 cells resulted in reducing the mortality of those cells to Vip3Aa. In summary, our data indicated that Sf-FGFR is a novel receptor for Vip3Aa.
A Divergent Hepatitis D-Like Agent in Birds
Authors: Wille Michelle , Netter Hans J. , Littlejohn Margaret , Yuen Lilly , Shi Mang , Eden John-Sebastian , Klaassen Marcel , Holmes Edward C. , Hurt Aeron C.
Published: December 2018

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is currently only found in humans and is a satellite virus that depends on hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope proteins for assembly, release, and entry. Using meta-transcriptomics, we identified the genome of a novel HDV-like agent in ducks. Sequence analysis revealed secondary structures that were shared with HDV, including self-complementarity and ribozyme features. The predicted viral protein shares 32% amino acid similarity to the small delta antigen of HDV and comprises a divergent phylogenetic lineage. The discovery of an avian HDV-like agent has important implications for the understanding of the origins of HDV and sub-viral agents.
Development of Small-Molecule MERS-CoV Inhibitors
Authors: Liang Ruiying , Wang Lili , Zhang Naru , Deng Xiaoqian , Su Meng , Su Yudan , Hu Lanfang , He Chen , Ying Tianlei , Jiang Shibo , Yu Fei
Published: December 2018

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) with potential to cause global pandemics remains a threat to the public health, security, and economy. In this review, we focus on advances in the research and development of small-molecule MERS-CoV inhibitors targeting different stages of the MERS-CoV life cycle, aiming to prevent or treat MERS-CoV infection.
Why We Should Include Soil Structural Dynamics of Agricultural Soils in Hydrological Models
Authors: Chandrasekhar Parvathy , Kreiselmeier Janis , Schwen Andreas , Weninger Thomas , Julich Stefan , Feger Karl-Heinz , Schwärzel Kai
Published: December 2018

Surface soil structure is sensitive to natural and anthropogenic impacts that alter soil hydraulic properties (SHP). These alterations have distinct consequences on the water cycle. In this review, we summarized published findings on the quantitative effects of different agricultural management practices on SHP and the subsequent response of the water balance components. Generally, immediately after tillage, soils show a high abundance of large pores, which are temporally unstable and collapse due to environmental factors like rainfall. Nevertheless, most hydrological modeling studies consider SHP as temporally constant when predicting the flow of water and solutes in the atmosphere-plant-soil system. There have been some developments in mathematical approaches to capture the temporal dynamics of soil pore space. We applied one such pore evolution model to two datasets to evaluate its suitability to predict soil pore space dynamics after disturbance. Lack of knowledge on how dispersion of pore size distribution behaves after tillage may have led to over-estimation of some values predicted by the model. Nevertheless, we found that the model predicted the evolution of soil pore space reasonably well (r2 > 0.80 in most cases). The limiting factor to efficiently calibrate and apply such modeling tools is not in the theoretical part but rather the lack of adequate soil structural and hydrologic data.
Locating Spatial Opportunities for Nature-Based Solutions: A River Landscape Application
Authors: Guerrero Paulina , Haase Dagmar , Albert Christian
Published: December 2018

Compared to technical infrastructure, nature-based solutions (NBS) strive to work with nature and to move beyond business-as-usual practices. Despite decades of research from various academia fields and a commencing mainstreaming of the term, a lack of cohesiveness and pertinent methods regarding the subject matter hinders further implementation. Using a functional landscape approach, this paper aims to identify the spatial extent of existing and potential NBS locations and applies it across a case study in Germany. Inspired by hydrological models, which work with delineated hydrological response units, this research instead defines hydromorphological landscape units (HLU) based on biophysical spatial criteria to identify the potential areas that could function as NBS. This approach was tested for floodplain-based NBS. The identified HLU were then compared with historical floodplain and land-use data to differentiate between active or potential NBS. The spatial delineation identified 3.6 million hectares of already active floodplains areas, for which we recommend continued or modified protection measures, and 0.4 million ha where the hydromorphological conditions are apt to support floodplains, yet are cut-off from the flooding regime and require rehabilitation measures. The identification of NBS through explicitly defined HLU serves as a spatial approach to support NBS implementation. Taken together, our research can provide an essential contribution to systemize the emerging scholarship on NBS in river landscapes and to help in selecting and planning appropriate NBS in practice.
Available Flood Evacuation Time for High-Risk Areas in the Middle Reach of Chao Phraya River Basin
Authors: Jamrussri Sarawut , Toda Yuji
Published: December 2018

Information about risk is essential to design flood risk management programs. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to develop an emergency flood evacuation plan based on flood risk assessment. Flood risk assessment in the middle Chao Phraya River Basin (CPRB) was simultaneously analyzed and mapped as the product of flood hazard, and social vulnerability maps generated by fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy logic. One of the purposes of flood risk mapping is to promote proper and prompt evacuation actions for residents. The emergency flood evacuation model was tested to explore the available time of evacuation, to reduce the risk or even the loss of life. The simulation results showed that significant time was available for evacuation in the middle CPRB. This was calculated based on a physical status of evacuees, safe evacuation condition, shortest evacuation path, flood shelter, and road capacity.
Enhancing the Adsorption of Lead (II) by Bentonite Enriched with pH-Adjusted Meranti Sawdust
Authors: Mohajeri P. , Smith C. , Selamat M. R. , Abdul Aziz H.
Published: December 2018

In recent years, the need for a safe and modern composite barrier for the prevention of groundwater contamination and the provision of geo-environmental protection has been studied together with the need of designing a low-cost and effective liner for isolating landfill contents from the environment. In this study, various mix designs involving two natural adsorbents, Na-bentonite the pH-adjusted sawdust, were prepared for a series of geo-environmental experiments to be carried out to determine the adsorption capacity, buffering capacity, pH changes, and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) changes among others, in the presence of Pb(NO3)2 contaminant concentrations. Generally, the results showed an increase in adsorption capacity in the acidic segment of the treatment. An increase of 58% of the adsorption efficiency of the Na-bentonite in adsorbing the contaminant at the highest concentration was the most important achievement of the system while in the acidic segment.
Unraveling Mechanisms of Value Cocreation in Festivals
Authors: Luonila Mervi , Suomi Kati , Lepistö Tanja
Published: December 2018

The aim of this qualitative case study is to explore the mechanisms underlying value cocreation in the context of networked festival productions. Applying the managerial perspective, this study particularly explores why cocreation represents a valuable factor in networked festival
productions and how the activities are conducted in the value creative platform, namely conversational space. Considering festivals as services in their host destinations, this study applies the context of three festivals in one city in Finland and draws on the literature on festival
management, service experience, and value cocreation. The study shows that the cocreation of conversational space fosters value cocreation as an interactive process; that is, as a mechanism of value cocreation. Conversational space is found to intertwine the festival with its host community
and therefore influencing to the justification of a festival's existence by empowered legitimacy. Festival managers need to consider conversational space as strategically crucial because of the need to gain public support for festival and to enhance the justification and existence of festival
in its destination.
Event-Based Destination Marketing: The Role of Mega-Events
Authors: Wang Ying , Jin Xin
Published: December 2018

Mega-events play an invaluable role in the development of many destinations. These events contribute significantly to the host destinations' economy, enhance the awareness of the destinations, encourage cultural exchange, and promote the preservation of local culture. This study adopts
a narrative review method to indicate research production in the field of the effect of event-based destination marketing. The review proposes an event-based destination marketing model to delineate how event, destination, and market characteristics, as well as the degree of collaboration
between event committee and destination marketing organization (DMO), may affect the effectiveness of eventbased destination marketing strategies (produce, price, place and promotion).
Mini-Marathon 2017: An Application of Newsvendor Model
Authors: Kumar Patanjal , Pandey Peeyush
Published: December 2018

Mr. Pulkit Mathur, the coordinator of Mini-Marathon 2017, was preparing a budget for the event that was scheduled just 1 month down the line. He was yet to take approval of the budget from the higher authority. However, Mr. Mathur was very much confused about the variable expenses,
as there was still no clarity regarding the final number of registrations. The variable expenses included spending on t-shirts, water bottles, certificates, chest cards, and refreshments. All these expenditures were directly proportional to the number of participants in the event. In the previous
marathons, the organizing team had incurred a huge loss because of the overestimation and underestimation of the registrations. For solving the problem, Mr. Mathur collected the information from all vertical heads and approached Prof. Gaurav Gangwar to get an estimation of the optimal number
of registrations for which the variable expenses will be minimum. This case highlights a fascinating problem of running races from the organizer's perspective. It also shows that the problem can be easily handled with the help of operations management techniques.
POTENTIAL OF CITY’S CULTURAL FUNCTION AND ITS FORMS OF EXPRESSION IN URBAN
Authors: Butkus Tomas S.
Published: December 2018

The problem of city’s cultural function (CF) is discussed in the paper. The author analyses the question of CF nominal values and their system. Cultural potential and its forms of expression in an urban sructure are evaluated on the basis of this system.

Kultūrinės miesto funkcijos potencialas ir jo raiškos formos urbanistinėje struktūroje

Santrauka

Nagrinėjama kultūrinės miesto funkcijos (KF) problema. Autorius aiškinasi nominaliąsias KF vertes ir jų sistemą. Remiantis šia sistema vertinamas kultūrinis potencialas ir jo raiškos formos urbanistinėje struktūroje
CITY MASTER PLAN AND EXPERT ASSESSMENTS
Authors: Bardauskienė Dalia
Published: December 2018

After the restoration of independence Lithuanian cities underwent big urban transformations which frequently took place without any clear strategy and master plans. Attention to urban planning intensified after Lithuania’s accession to the European Union. General planning works revealed trends of the planning system of cities and Lithuanian territories on the whole, but they did not give a proper answer to what extent the system complies with sustainable development targets, values of society‘s feeling and thinking.

In this situation the second Master Plan of Vilnius City was drawn after the restoration of independence. Planning methods based on the results of expert evaluations and public process enabled to substantiate the solutions: to determine internal and external factors of urban development, transformations of urban structures, values of society. Compatibility of expert opinions verified by applying mathematical methods demonstrated high compatibility of the results of expert polls on Vilnius City Master Plan.

A conclusion is made that Vilnius City Master Plan till 2015 reflects the interests and values of all the citizens and provides prerequisites for sustainable development. Successful implementation greatly depends on external factors, including solution of the problems of territory planning system and internal factors the key of which is reduction of differences between the city centre and outskirts. It is revealed that public rights to participate in the formation of cities are not adequate to knowledge and contribution to the implementation.

Miesto bendrasis planas ir ekspertiniai vertinimai

Santrauka

Po nepriklausomybės atkūrimo Lietuvos miestai pergyveno dideles urbanistines transformacijas, kurios dažnai vyko be aiškios strategijos ir bendrųjų planų. Lietuvai tapus Europos Sąjungos nare dėmesys miestų planavimui suaktyvėjo. Bendrojo planavimo darbai atskleidė miestų, o kartu ir Lietuvos teritorijų planavimo sistemos raidos tendencijas, tačiau nedavė pamatuoto atsakymo, ar ji atitinka darniosios plėtros tikslus, visuomenės nuostatas ir vertybes. Vilniaus bendrojo planavimo pavyzdžiu nagrinėjamos aktualios Lietuvos miestams problemos ir uždaviniai, siekiant darniosios plėtros idealo, konstruktyvaus ir viešo planavimo proceso esamoje vertybių sistemos ir visuomenės intereso neapibrėžtumo situacijoje. Nagrinėjama, kokiuose bendrojo planavimo etapuose tikslinga remtis ekspertinio vertinimo rezultatais, ir analizuojamas šių rezultatų pritaikomumas. Straipsnyje pateikti ekspertinių vertinimų rezultatų tyrimai Lietuvos miestų teritorijų planavimo darbe iki šiol netaikyti praktikoje.
URBANISTINĖS PLĖTROS VALSTYBINIO VALDYMO PROBLEMOS
Authors: Tiškus Gintautas
Published: December 2018

Urbanizacija yra socialinis procesas, pasireiškiantis miestų reikšmės visuomenės raidai didėjimu. Urbanizaciją lemia objektyvi būtinybė koncentruoti įvairias materialinės ir dvasinės veiklos formas ir rūšis. Ji intensyvina ir efektyvina socialinius procesus, nes dideliuose miestuose socialinių, politinių, eko nominių ir mokslinių techninių veiksnių, kultūrinių tradicijų, įvairių gyventojų sluok snių sąveika didžiausia. Šiems sudėtingiems procesams valdyti būtina suku rti veiksmingą urbanistinės plėtros procese dalyvaujančių struktūrų sistemą, kuri peržengtų atskirų miestų ir kaimo vietovių plėtros problemas ir spręstų visos urbanistinės sistemos vystymo ilgalaikėje perspektyvoje klausimus. Ministerijos, įgyvendindamos sektorines politikas, turi daug aiškiau suvokti šių politikų svarbą urbanizacijos procesams, veiksmai turi būti koo rdinuoti, kad papildytų vieni kitus, o ne prieštarautų vieni kitiems.
MODELLING OF TRANSPORT OPERATIONS IN SUPPLY CHAINS IN OBEDIENCE TO “JUST-IN-TIME” CONCEPTION
Authors: Lukinskiy Valery , Lukinskiy Vladislav , Merkuryev Yuri
Published: December 2018

Transportation is a key logistics function, which determines the dynamic nature of material flows in logistics systems. At the same time, transportation is a source of uncertainty of logistics operations performance in the supply chain. Obviously, the development of a new approach for evaluation of the duration of delivery “Just-In-Time” (JIT) will improve the efficiency of supply chains in accordance with one of the major criteria, namely customer satisfaction. One of the basic approaches to make effective management decisions in transportation and other logistic operations is the JIT concept. In the majority of examined sources the JIT concept is described on the verbal level without any usage of calculation dependences. The paper is devoted to the formation of analytical and simulation models, which allow obtaining the probabilistic evaluation of the implementation of unimodal and multimodal international transportation JIT. The first model where the order of the operations implementation does not affect final result is formed on the basis of the probability theory: distribution laws composition, theorems of numerical characteristics of random variables, formula of complete probability. The second model accounts the impact of operations implementation order in transportation and their interconnection and is based on the simulation (the method of statistic experiments) and shown as a corresponding algorithm, which allows to consider different limitations (technical, organizational and so on). Considered analytical dependences give the possibility to obtain the necessary estimations of the transport operations implementation according to JIT: mean transportation time, delivery implementation probability by the set moment or the delivery time with the set probability. To carry out some comparative calculations and clarify the algorithm, two international routes have been chosen: the first one is a unimodal road transportation, the second one is a multimodal transportation (road and marine transport). All the data, which is necessary for calculation has been collected on the basis of official information (in particular, the data of tachograph, special questionnaires filled in by the drivers, the survey results of the managers). For unimodal transportations analytical dependences and modelling results give close results. For the combined multimodal transportations taking into account various limitations the preference must be given to the simulation. The modelled indexes take into consideration their intercommunication and definitely estimate the supply chains reliability, and this allows decreasing the uncertainty of the logistic system.
A Multi-band Catalog of 10978 Star Clusters, Associations, and Candidates in the Milky Way
Authors: Bica Eduardo , Pavani Daniela B. , Bonatto Charles J. , Lima Eliade F.
Published: December 2018

We present a catalog of Galactic star clusters, associations and candidates with 10978 entries. This multi-band catalog was constructed over 20 years, starting with visual inspections on the Digital Sky Survey and incremented with the 2MASS, WISE, VVV, Spitzer, and Herschel surveys. Large and small catalogs, as well as papers on individual objects have been systematically cross-identified. The catalog provides Galactic and equatorial coordinates, angular diameters, and chronologically ordered designations, making it simple to assign discoveries and verify how often the objects were cataloged by different authors, search methods, and/or surveys. Detection in a single band is the minimum constraint to validate an entry. About 3200 objects have measured parameters in the literature. A fundamental contribution of the present study is to present an additional ≈7700 objects for the first analyses of nature, photometry, spectroscopy and structure. The present focus is not to compile or determine fundamental parameters, but to provide a catalog uniformly characterizing the entries. A major result is that now 4234 embedded clusters are cataloged, a factor of ≈1.5 larger than open clusters. In addition to cross-identifications in different references and wavelength domains, we also communicate the discovery of 638 star clusters and similar objects. The present general catalog provides previously studied objects and thousands of additional entries in a homogeneous way, a timely contribution to Gaia-related works.
Disentangling the Planet from the Star in Late-Type M Dwarfs: A Case Study of TRAPPIST-1g
Authors: Wakeford H. R. , Lewis N. K. , Fowler J. , Bruno G. , Wilson T. J. , Moran S. E. , Valenti J. , Batalha N. E. , Filippazzo J. , Bourrier V. , Hörst S. M. , Lederer S. M. , de Wit J.
Published: December 2018

The atmospheres of late M stars represent a significant challenge in the characterization of any transiting exoplanets because of the presence of strong molecular features in the stellar atmosphere. TRAPPIST-1 is an ultracool dwarf, host to seven transiting planets, and contains its own molecular signatures that can potentially be imprinted on planetary transit lightcurves as a result of inhomogeneities in the occulted stellar photosphere. We present a case study on TRAPPIST-1g, the largest planet in the system, using a new observation together with previous data, to disentangle the atmospheric transmission of the planet from that of the star. We use the out-of-transit stellar spectra to reconstruct the stellar flux on the basis of one, two, and three temperature components. We find that TRAPPIST-1 is a 0.08 M
*, 0.117 R
*, M8V star with a photospheric effective temperature of 2400 K, with ∼35% 3000 K spot coverage and a very small fraction, <3%, of ∼5800 K hot spot. We calculate a planetary radius for TRAPPIST-1g to be R

p
 = 1.124 R
⊕with a planetary density of ρ

p
 = 0.8214 ρ
⊕. On the basis of the stellar reconstruction, there are 11 plausible scenarios for the combined stellar photosphere and planet transit geometry; in our analysis, we are able to rule out eight of the 11 scenarios. Using planetary models, we evaluate the remaining scenarios with respect to the transmission spectrum of TRAPPIST-1g. We conclude that the planetary transmission spectrum is likely not contaminated by any stellar spectral features and are able to rule out a clear solar H2/He-dominated atmosphere at greater than 3σ.
Climate Sensitivity to Carbon Dioxide and the Moist Greenhouse Threshold of Earth-like Planets under an Increasing Solar Forcing
Authors: Gómez-Leal Illeana , Kaltenegger Lisa , Lucarini Valerio , Lunkeit Frank
Published: December 2018

Carbon dioxide is one of the major contributors to the radiative forcing, increasing both the temperature and the humidity of Earth’s atmosphere. If the stellar irradiance increases and water becomes abundant in the stratosphere of an Earth-like planet, it will be dissociated and the resultant hydrogen will escape from the atmosphere. This state is called the moist greenhouse threshold (MGT). Using a global climate model (GCM) of intermediate complexity, we explore how to identify this state for different CO2 concentrations and including the radiative effect of atmospheric ozone for the first time. We show that the MGT correlates with the inflection point in the water vapor mixing ratio in the stratosphere and a peak in the climate sensitivity. For CO2 concentrations between 560 and 200 ppm, the MGT is reached at a surface temperature of 320 K. Despite the higher simplicity of our model, our results are consistent with similar simulations without ozone by complex GCMs, suggesting that they are robust indicators of the MGT. We discuss the implications for the inner edge of the habitable zone as well as the water loss timescales for Earth analog planets.
KLL Dielectronic Satellite Spectra from the Photorecombination of He-like Fe and Ni Ions
Authors: Sardar Shahid , Wang Shu-Xing , Zhu Lin-Fan
Published: December 2018

The radiative decay of a doubly excited autoionizing state is characterized by the dielectronic recombination in the photorecombination (PR) process. We calculate PR cross sections for the ground states of the Fe xxv and Ni xxvii ions by employing the Dirac R-matrix technique. The autoionizing states are treated in the framework of Davies and Seaton’s theory to account for the radiative decay. The strengths of the KLL resonances that equate directly to the dielectronic satellite line strengths are evaluated. Besides, the Multiconfiguration Dirac Fock formalism is utilized to obtain the dielectronic satellite line strengths under the isolated resonance approximation. A very good agreement is found for the wavelengths and transition parameters belonging to the KLL autoionizing states with the previous theoretical and experimental results. The dominant KLL dielectronic satellite line strengths from both theoretical models are consistent with each other and are in good agreement with the established theoretical models and measurements at the electron beam ion trap.
Zombie Vortex Instability. III. Persistence with Nonuniform Stratification and Radiative Damping
Authors: Barranco Joseph A. , Pei Suyang , Marcus Philip S.
Published: December 2018

The Zombie Vortex Instability (ZVI) occurs in the dead zones of protoplanetary disks (PPDs), where perturbations excite baroclinic critical layers, generating “zombie” vortices and turbulence. In this work, we investigate ZVI with nonuniform vertical stratification; while ZVI is triggered in the stratified regions away from the midplane, the subsequent turbulence propagates into and fills the midplane. ZVI turbulence alters the background Keplerian shear flow, creating a steady-state zonal flow. Intermittency is observed, where the flow cycles through near-laminar phases of zonal flow punctuated by chaotic bursts of new vortices. ZVI persists in the presence of radiative damping, as long as the thermal relaxation timescale is more than a few orbital periods. We refute the premature claim by Lesur & Latter that radiative damping inhibits ZVI for disk radii

. Their conclusions were based on unrealistically short cooling times using opacities with virtually no grain growth. We explore different grain growth and vertical settling scenarios, and find that the gas and dust in off-midplane regions are not necessarily in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) with each other. In such cases, thermal relaxation timescales can be orders of magnitude longer than the LTE optically thin cooling times because of the finite time for energy to be exchanged between gas and dust grains via collisions. With minimal amounts of grain growth and dust settling, the off-midplane regions of disks are susceptible to ZVI, and much of the planet-forming regions can be filled with zombie vortices and turbulence.
SMASHing the LMC: Mapping a Ring-like Stellar Overdensity in the LMC Disk
Authors: Choi Yumi , Nidever David L. , Olsen Knut , Besla Gurtina , Blum Robert D. , Zaritsky Dennis , Cioni Maria-Rosa L. , van der Marel Roeland P. , Bell Eric F. , Johnson L. Clifton , Vivas A. Katherina , Walker Alistair R. , de Boer Thomas J. L. , Noël Noelia E. D. , Monachesi Antonela , Gallart Carme , Monelli Matteo , Stringfellow Guy S. , Massana Pol , Martinez-Delgado David , Muñoz Ricardo R.
Published: December 2018

We explore the stellar structure of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) disk using data from the Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History and the Dark Energy Survey. We detect a ring-like stellar overdensity in the red clump star count map at a radius of ∼6° (∼5.2 kpc at the LMC distance) that is continuous over ∼270° in position angle and is only limited by the current data coverage. The overdensity shows an amplitude up to 2.5 times higher than that of the underlying smooth disk. This structure might be related to the multiple arms found by de Vaucouleurs. We find that the overdensity shows spatial correlation with intermediate-age star clusters, but not with young (<1 Gyr) main-sequence stars, indicating the stellar populations associated with the overdensity are intermediate in age or older. Our findings on the LMC overdensity can be explained by either of two distinct formation mechanisms of a ring-like overdensity: (1) the overdensity formed out of an asymmetric one-armed spiral wrapping around the LMC main body, which is induced by repeated encounters with the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) over the last Gyr, or (2) the overdensity formed very recently as a tidal response to a direct collision with the SMC. Although the measured properties of the overdensity alone cannot distinguish between the two candidate scenarios, the consistency with both scenarios suggests that the ring-like overdensity is likely a product of tidal interaction with the SMC, but not with the Milky Way halo.
A Redshift Survey of the Nearby Galaxy Cluster A2107: Global Rotation of the Cluster and Its Connection to Large-scale Structures in the Universe
Authors: Song Hyunmi , Hwang Ho Seong , Park Changbom , Smith Rory , Einasto Maret
Published: December 2018

We study the rotational motion of the galaxy cluster A2107 at redshift z = 0.04 and its connection to nearby large-scale structures using a large amount of spectroscopic redshift data. By combining 978 new redshifts from the MMT/Hectospec observations with data in the literature, we construct a large sample of 1968 galaxies with measured redshifts at clustercentric radius R < 60′. Our sample has high (80%) and spatially uniform completeness at r-band apparent magnitude

. We first apply the caustic method to the sample and identify 285 member galaxies of A2107 at R < 60′. Then the rotation amplitude and the position angle of the rotation axis are measured. We find that the member galaxies show strong global rotation at R < 20′ (v
rot/σ

v
∼ 0.6) with a significance of >3.8σ, which is confirmed by two independent methods. The rotation becomes weaker in outer regions. There are at least five filamentary structures that are connected to the cluster and that consist of known galaxy groups. These structures are smoothly connected to the cluster, which seem to be inducing the global rotation of the cluster through inflow of galaxies.
GD-1: The Relic of an Old Metal-poor Globular Cluster
Authors: Li 李 Guang-Wei 广伟 , Yanny Brian , Wu Yue
Published: December 2018

Combining data from Gaia DR2, SDSS DR14, and LAMOST DR6, we update the fit to model of the properties of the stellar stream GD-1 and find that it has an age of ∼13 Gyr, [Fe/H] of −2.2 ± 0.12, and a distance from the Sun of ∼8 kpc. We tabulate six-dimensional (6D) phase-space fiducial points along the GD-1 stream orbit over a 90° arc. The fitted orbit shows that the stream has an eccentricity e ∼ 0.3, perigalacticon of 14.2 kpc, apogalacticon of 27.0 kpc, and inclination i ∼ 40°. There is evidence along the arc for four candidate stellar overdensities, one candidate gap, two candidate stellar underdensities, and that the stream is cut off at ϕ
1 ∼ 2° (in the stream-aligned (ϕ
1, ϕ
2) coordinate system of Koposov et al.). The spur originating at ϕ
1 ∼ −40° implies stars were pulled away from the stream trace by an encounter (potentially a dark matter subhalo). The narrowest place (FWHM ∼ 44.6 pc) of the GD-1 trace is at (ϕ
1, ϕ
2

c
) ∼ (−14°, 0.°15), which is ∼(178.°18, 52.°19) in (R.A., decl.), where the progenitor is possibly located. We also find six blue horizontal branch and 10 blue stragglers spectroscopic stars in the GD-1 stream.
A Centimeter-wave Study of Methanol and Ammonia Isotopologues in Sgr B2(N): Physical and Chemical Differentiation between Two Hot Cores
Authors: Mills E. A. C. , Corby J. , Clements A. R. , Butterfield N. , Jones P. A. , Cunningham M. R. , Ott J.
Published: December 2018

We present new radio-frequency interferometric maps of emission from the 14NH3, 15NH3, and NH2D isotopologues of ammonia and the 12CH3OH and 13CH3OH isotopologues of methanol toward Sgr B2(N). With a resolution of ∼3″ (0.1 pc), we are able to spatially resolve emission from two hot cores in this source and separate it from absorption against the compact H ii regions in this area. The first (N1) is the well-known v = 64 km s−1 core, and the second (N2) is a core 6″ to the north at v = 73 km s−1. Using emission from 15NH3 and hyperfine satellites of 14NH3 metastable transitions, we estimate the 14NH3 column densities of these sources and compare them to those of NH2D. We find that the ammonia deuteration fraction of N2 is roughly 10–20 times higher than that in N1. We also measure an [15NH3/14NH3] abundance ratio that is apparently 2–3 times higher in N2 than in N1, which could indicate a correspondingly higher degree of nitrogen fractionation in N2. In addition, we find that N2 has a factor of 7 higher methanol abundance than N1. Together, these abundance signatures suggest that N2 is a younger source, for which species characteristic of grain chemistry at low temperatures are currently being actively liberated from ice mantles and have not yet reached chemical equilibrium in the warm gas phase. The high D abundance and possible high 15N abundance in NH3 found in N2 are interesting for studying the potential interstellar origin of abundances in primitive solar system material.
Detecting Radio AGN Signatures in Red Geysers
Authors: Roy Namrata , Bundy Kevin , Cheung Edmond , Rujopakarn Wiphu , Cappellari Michele , Belfiore Francesco , Yan Renbin , Heckman Tim , Bershady Matthew , Greene Jenny , Westfall Kyle , Drory Niv , Rubin Kate , Law David , Zhang Kai , Gelfand Joseph , Bizyaev Dmitry , Wake David , Masters Karen , Thomas Daniel , Li Cheng , Riffel Rogemar A.
Published: December 2018

A new class of quiescent galaxies harboring possible AGN-driven winds has been discovered using spatially resolved optical spectroscopy from the ongoing SDSS-IV MaNGA survey. These galaxies, termed “red geysers,” constitute 5%–10% of the local quiescent population and are characterized by narrow bisymmetric patterns in ionized gas emission features. Cheung et al. argued that these galaxies host large-scale AGN-driven winds that may play a role in suppressing star formation at late times. In this work, we test the hypothesis that AGN activity is ultimately responsible for the red geyser phenomenon. We compare the nuclear radio activity of the red geysers to a matched control sample with similar stellar mass, redshift, rest-frame NUV − r color, axis ratio, and presence of ionized gas. We have used the 1.4 GHz radio continuum data from the VLA FIRST survey to stack the radio flux from the red geyser and control samples. In addition to a three times higher FIRST detection rate, we find that red geysers have a 5σ higher level of average radio flux than control galaxies. After restricting to rest-frame NUV − r color >5 and checking mid-IR WISE photometry, we rule out star formation contamination and conclude that red geysers are associated with more active AGNs. Red geysers and a possibly related class with disturbed Hα emission account for 40% of all radio-detected red galaxies with log (M
⋆/M
⊙) < 11. Our results support a picture in which episodic AGN activity drives large-scale, relatively weak ionized winds that may provide a feedback mechanism for many early-type galaxies.