bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Thermal Modeling and Analysis of a 2019 Nissan Leaf Plus for Enhanced Battery Electric Vehicle Performance
Authors: Al Haddad Rabih , Mansour Charbel , Kim Namdoo , Seo Jigu , Nemer Maroun
Published: April 2024

With the increasing demand for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) capable of extended mileage, optimizing their efficiency has become paramount for manufacturers. However, the challenge lies in balancing the need for climate control within the cabin and precise thermal regulation of the battery, which can significantly reduce a vehicle's driving range, often leading to energy consumption exceeding 50% under severe weather conditions. To address these critical concerns, this study embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the impact of weather conditions on energy consumption and range for the 2019 Nissan Leaf Plus. The primary objective of this research is to enhance the understanding of thermal management for BEVs by introducing a sophisticated thermal management system model, along with detailed thermal models for both the battery and the cabin. These models are seamlessly integrated into a 2019 Nissan Leaf Plus BEV model developed in Autonomie, allowing for a holistic assessment of the influence of weather conditions on the driving range. The proposed model encompasses a mono-zonal model for the cabin, providing estimations of cabin temperature, humidity, and thermal requirements. Additionally, a battery thermal model for pouch-type cells, employing a 2D discretization approach with a nodal framework, is presented to predict battery temperature dynamics. Furthermore, a comprehensive thermal management system is integrated into the model, featuring a vapor compression cycle equipped with a PTC resistor. The study leverages these developed models within the Simulink framework and utilizes the Autonomie Software for rigorous evaluation of energy consumption and driving range. Various driving cycles and a range of ambient temperatures (-18°C, -7°C, 22°C, and 35°C) are considered in the analysis. To validate the models, the study draws upon experimental data collected from a 2019 Nissan Leaf subjected to extreme temperature conditions in the Environmental Test Cell at Argonne National Laboratory.
Advanced Engine Cooling System for a Gas-Engine Vehicle Part I: A New Coolant Flow Control During Cold Start
Authors: Chang Insu , Sun Min , Edwards David
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we present a novel algorithm designed to accurately trigger the engine coolant flow at the optimal moment, thereby safeguarding gas-engines from catastrophic failures such as engine boil. To achieve this objective, we derive models for crucial temperatures within a gas-engine, including the engine combustion wall temperature, engine coolant-out temperature, engine block temperature, and engine oil temperature. To overcome the challenge of measuring hard-to-measure signals such as engine combustion gas temperature, we propose the use of new intermediate parameters. Our approach utilizes a lumped parameter concept with a mean-value approach, enabling precise temperature prediction and rapid simulation. The proposed engine thermal model is capable of estimating temperatures under various conditions, including steady-state or transient engine performance, without the need for extra sensors. Moreover, it exhibits greater robustness compared to temperature estimation systems in gas-engine advanced engine cooling systems. We discuss calibration and verification results to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed engine thermal model and the effectiveness of the coolant flow triggering system.
Validation of Powertrain Systems Based on Usage Space Analysis Considering Virtual Road Load Profiles
Authors: Haspl Andreas , Unterweger Michaela , Kuruc Jan , Plettenberg Mirko , Akasapu Uday Venkateswar
Published: April 2024

Validation of powertrain systems is nowadays performed with specific durability relevant load cycles, which represent the lifetime requirement of individual powertrain components. The definition of such durability relevant load cycles, which are used for vehicle testing should ideally be based on the actual vehicle's usage. Recording driving cycles within a vehicle is one of the most typical ways of collecting vehicle usage and relevant end customer behavior, but the generation of such measured vehicle data can be time consuming. In addition, this method of capturing on-road measurements has limitations in the variation of vehicle loadings (e.g., number of passengers, luggage, trailer usage etc.). Especially for new applications, entering new target markets, these kinds of in-vehicle measurements are not possible in early development stages, as the required vehicle or powertrain configuration is not available in hardware or incapable of measurements. This paper shows a method to overcome these issues by replacing on-road measurements with virtual road load profiles generated by a software tool.

Throughout this process an approach named Usage Space Analysis (USpA) is performed. The purpose of USpA is to specify trips, which are representative for the usage behavior. To characterize each trip, vehicle usage parameters are calculated. This allows to draw a comparison between the trips. To be able to select relevant trips, a graphical representation of the usage space is done. The trips are visualized by characteristics, such as load, dynamics, and duration. In this study, the USpA method is demonstrated, either using real road load measurements or virtual track profiles generated in a software tool. A comparison of the single profile's accumulated damages on a few typical mechanical failure modes is made. Potential applications of the methodology for different powertrain systems and various failure modes are discussed.
Parameter Optimization and Characterization of Aluminum-Copper Laser Welded Joints
Authors: Ko Byung Min , Gryguc Andrew , Chen Jim , Hunt Justin , Guo Mingchao , Zhang Wensheng , Jahed Hamid , Gerlich Adrian
Published: April 2024

Battery packs of electric vehicles are typically composed of lithium-ion batteries with aluminum and copper acting as cell terminals. These terminals are joined together in series by means of connector tabs to produce sufficient power and energy output. Such critical electrical and structural cell terminal connections involve several challenges when joining thin, highly reflective and dissimilar materials with widely differing thermo-mechanical properties. This may involve potential deformation during the joining process and the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds that reduce conductivity and deteriorate mechanical properties. Among various joining techniques, laser welding has demonstrated significant advantages, including the capability to produce joints with low electrical contact resistance and high mechanical strength, along with high precision required for delicate materials like aluminum and copper. The primary objective of this study was to join 0.8 mm thick aluminum and copper tabs through the laser welding methodology, with a particular emphasis on optimizing welding parameters including laser output power and welding speed to achieve robust and reliable connections. Through systematic experimentation, the influence of these parameters on weld strength and joint properties was explored. Utilizing a normalized laser power of 0.87 and a normalized welding speed of 0.75, a normalized lap weld strength of 39.62 was achieved for 25.4 mm wide thin sheets. Furthermore, formation and characterization of intermetallic compounds (IMC) along with microhardness distribution within the weld zone were examined. This investigation provides valuable insights into mechanical properties of the cell connections and their potential influence on overall joint durability.
Polymeric Compounds with Cellulose Nanofibrils for 3D Printing Applications
Authors: Goncalves Ana Paula , Freitas Leonardo , De Andrade Marina , Polkowski Katielly , Polkowski Rodrigo
Published: April 2024

A systematic review based on the PRISMA protocol was used to evaluate compounds developed for 3D printing with the incorporation of cellulose nanofibrils into polymers to be used in the automotive sector. The processing parameter is a data of great relevance for the development of durable structural parts and this study can be carried out using the state of the art on this subject. This way, the research was carried out using a search strategy from three different databases (Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct) limiting studies between the years 2019 and 2023. The keywords used in these searches were: "3D Print" OR "FDM" OR "Fused Deposition Modeling" OR "FFF" OR "Fused Filament Fabrication" AND "Natural Nanofiber" OR "Natural Nanofibril" OR "Cellulose Nanofiber" OR "Cellulose Nanofibril". The same criteria described were also used to search for patents on the PatentScope, Google Patents and Espacenet platforms. The difference between the number of articles found for each database is due to the fact that they differ from each other in terms of indexing and presentation of information. Subsequently, screening and exclusion criteria were established and applied on the database before using the software “ASReview” to organize and select the most suitable articles, according to the relevance and adherence on “Cellulose Nanofiber” and “3D Print”. The focus of this study was to present articles that will support the study of the main polymers used in the cellulose nanofibril mixture in relation to the parameters of structural parts obtained by prototyping in order to optimize the printing time, final quality and durability of automotive parts.
Piston Geometries Impact on Spark-Ignition Light-Duty Hydrogen Engine
Authors: Masurier Jean-Baptiste , LOW-KAME Jean , Oung Richard , Foucher Fabrice
Published: April 2024

The European Union aims to be climate neutral by 2050 and requires the transport sector to reduce their emissions by 90%. The deployment of H2ICE to power vehicles is one of the solutions proposed. Indeed, H2ICEs in vehicles can reduce local pollution, reduce global emissions of CO2 and increase efficiency. Although H2ICEs could be rapidly introduced, investigations on hydrogen combustion in ICEs are still required. This paper aims to experimentally compare a flat piston and a bowl piston in terms of performances, emissions and abnormal combustions. Tests were performed with the help of a single cylinder Diesel engine which has been modified. In particular, a center direct injector dedicated to H2 injection and a side-mounted spark plug were installed, and the compression ratio was reduced to 12.7:1. Several exhaust gas measurement systems complete the testbed to monitor exhaust NOx and H2. Results were obtained for a specific operating point, 2000 rpm as engine speed and 13 bar as load, while sweeping the spark timing, the start of injection and λ. The spark timing sweep showed that the combustion with the bowl piston is faster than the one with the flat piston. The bowl piston also leads to stronger in-cylinder pressure gradients and higher exhaust emissions more likely due to mixture inhomogeneities. With respect to the start of injection, both pistons lead to similar results but for the H2 emissions where the flat piston has the lowest levels. Finally, the sweep in λ, together with start of injection adjustments, also advantages the flat piston in terms of both performances and emissions. Nonetheless, adjusting either the spark timing or the start of injection with the bowl piston during a λ sweep allow to drastically reduce the NOx emissions. Abnormal combustions were captured with both piston but only with the lowest λ used.
A Method of Generating a Composite Dataset for Monitoring of Non-Driving Related Tasks
Authors: Wu Xian , Gou Junjie , Shao Jianwang
Published: April 2024

Recently, several datasets have become available for occupant monitoring algorithm development, including real and synthetic datasets. However, real data acquisition is expensive and labeling is complex, while virtual data may not accurately reflect actual human physiology. To address these issues and obtain high-fidelity data for training intelligent driving monitoring systems, we have constructed a hybrid dataset that combines real driving image data with corresponding virtual data generated from 3D driving scenarios. We have also taken into account individual anthropometric measures and driving postures. Our approach not only greatly enriches the dataset by using virtual data to augment the sample size, but it also saves the need for extensive annotation efforts. Besides, we can enhance the authenticity of the virtual data by applying ergonomics techniques based on RAMSIS, which is crucial in dataset construction. This paper presents the process and content of generating a hybrid dataset for the monitoring of driver’s high risk NDRTs monitoring, serving as a potential alternative to existing datasets and addressing their limitations.
Topological Optimization Design of Cooling Channel for Liquid-Cooled Plate of Power Battery
Authors: Zhou Qing , Li Min , Li Zai-hua , Lu Shi-ping , Shangguan Wen-Bin
Published: April 2024

The influence of the channels of a liquid-cooled plate on the heat dissipation performance of battery module is investigated in this paper. A topology optimization method for obtaining channel configurations of the liquid cooled plate is presented. Firstly, the battery pack cooling system test platform is built to test the flow resistance of the liquid-cooled plate under different flow rates and the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery under different working conditions. Secondly, the geometric model of the battery pack is established, and CFD software is used to simulate according to the test conditions. The test results validate the correctness of the model. Then, taking the average surface temperature of the liquid-cooled plate as the optimization objective, the topology optimization structure of the liquid-cooled plate is obtained by variable density method. The influence of different inlet flow rate and inlet coolant temperature on the heat dissipation performance of the conventional liquid-cooled plate and the topologically optimized liquid-cooled plate are studied. The results show that the pressure drop of the optimized liquid-cooled plate is 23.7% lower than that of the conventional liquid-cooled plate when the flow rate is 8L/min. When the flow rate is 4L/min, the temperature rise of the optimized liquid-cooled plate battery is 2.4°C lower than that of the conventional liquid-cooled plate. The optimized liquid-cooled plate provides a more efficient ability to cool the battery compared with conventional liquid-cooled plates. The modeling and analysis method in this paper can be used to optimize the design of the battery liquid-cooled plate and improve the heat dissipation performance of the liquid-cooled plate.
CEM based Optimization Approach for Effective Placement of Antenna
Authors: S Jeyavendeesh Kumar , Siingh Abhay
Published: April 2024

In this paper, in order to obtain the specified communication range, this work provides a novel optimization approach for antenna placement inside a design space of a vehicle is proposed. The design community can undertake antenna design iterations and quickly investigate antenna placement areas with the help of the optimal placement of antenna utilizing computational electromagnetic (CEM) based optimization approach. The design of experiments (DOE) for various antenna positions and orientations was produced using the Taguchi method [5]. To examine the impact of near field E throughout communication range, Quasi-Newtonian gradient technique and high frequency simulation software (HFSS) are employed. Response curves were created from the received near field E in order to examine the mean, large mean, and cost-wise approaches in order to find the antenna's ideal position and orientation for a strong signal across the communication range.
A data driven approach for real-world vehicle energy consumption prediction
Authors: Whitmore Garrett , Rockstroh Toby , Haenel Patrick , Wilbrand Karsten , Pomrehn Michael
Published: April 2024

Accurately predicting real-world vehicle energy consumption is essential for optimizing vehicle designs, enhancing energy efficiency, and developing effective energy management strategies. This paper presents a data-driven approach that utilizes machine learning techniques and a comprehensive dataset of vehicle parameters and environmental factors to create precise energy consumption prediction models. The methodology involves recording real-world vehicle data using data loggers to extract information from the CAN bus systems for ICE and hybrid electric, as well as hydrogen and battery fuel cell vehicles. Data cleaning and cycle-based analysis are employed to process the dataset for accurate energy consumption prediction. This includes cycle detection and analysis using methods from statistics and signal processing, and then pattern recognition based on these metrics. K-means clustering and t-SNE were used to influence the design of the prediction model and inform about vehicle and driver behavior, which resulted in a multi-layer perceptron regressor based on the above metrics. This novel data-driven model was able to achieve an average R2 over 0.95 and unlocks a new perspective on powertrain analysis for a variety of vehicle types.
Ducted Fuel Injection: Confirmed Re-entrainment Hypothesis
Authors: Svensson Kenth , Fitzgerald Russell , Martin Glen
Published: April 2024

Testing of ducted fuel injection (DFI) in a single-cylinder engine with production-like hardware previously showed that adding a duct structure increased soot emissions at the full load, rated speed operating point [1]. The authors hypothesized that the DFI flame, which travels faster than a conventional diesel combustion (CDC) flame, and has a shorter distance to travel, was being re-entrained into the on-going fuel injection around the lift-off length (LOL), thus reducing air entrainment into the on-going injection. The engine operating condition and the engine combustion chamber geometry were duplicated in a constant pressure vessel. The experimental setup used a 3D piston section combined with a glass fire deck allowing for a comparison between a CDC flame and a DFI flame via high-speed imaging. CH* imaging of the 3D piston profile view clearly confirmed the re-entrainment hypothesis presented in the previous engine work. This finding suggests that a DFI retrofit for this combustion chamber geometry may at best be load-limited.
Restorative Justice Against Child Abuse
Authors: Sutanto Sutanto
Published: April 2024

The crime of child molestation is interesting to study, especially regarding legal arrangements and countermeasures, when associated with efforts to apply the concept or restorative justice system (restorative justice system), which is a system developed in the concept of criminal law to resolve certain cases in the corridors of the criminal justice system (criminal justice system), both at the level of Investigation, investigation, prosecution and examination of court hearings.Based on this, the authors are interested in conducting research, namely to find out how the practice of examining cases of sexual abuse of minors in an effort to apply Restorative justice and also find out what factors hinder the practice of resolving cases of sexual abuse of minors through Restorative Justice. In this study, the type of research used is normative juridical research and empirical juridical research. Normative juridical research is research that comes from library data or secondary data, (primary legal materials and secondary legal materials), especially the provisions of legislation that have synchronization with the title and formulation of the problem. This study is expected as input in the framework of the development of criminal justice system policy (criminal justice system) in relation to aspects of legal protection against the crime of sexual abuse of minors as well as the process of resolving cases of sexual abuse.
Cover of Journal
Authors: Cover Cover
Published: April 2024

Cover of Journal
LAS RELACIONES ENTRE LOS PODERES DEL ESTADO: SEPARACIÓN, COLABORACIÓN Y CONFLICTO: XIX JORNADAS DE ESTUDIO DEL GABINETE JURÍDICO DE LA JUNTA DE ANDALUCÍA. SEVILLA, NOVIEMBRE DE 2017.
Authors: Faya Barrios Antonio Luis
Published: April 2024

XIX Jornadas de estudio del Gabinete Jurídico de la Junta de Andalucía, celebradas los días 16 y 17 de noviembre de 2017.
Relaciones Tribunal Constitucional-Tribunal Supremo
Authors: Aragón Reyes Manuel
Published: April 2024

SUMARIO: I. El modelo europeo de justicia constitucional y su proyección en el sistema español. II. Las funciones del Tribunal Constitucional y del Tribunal Supremo. III. Conclusión: unas relaciones entre el Tribunal Supremo y el Tribunal Constitucional basadas en el adecuado cumplimiento de sus respectivas funciones.
Penggunaan Media Pop Up Book pada Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Kamal Astrid Liani , Ali Muhamad Khaedar , Safitri Desy , Sujarwo Sujarwo
Published: April 2024

Peran guru adalah menjadi penggagas dalam proses pengajaran, artinya dia bertanggung jawab menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang optimal, menarik dan bermanfaat. Untuk meningkatkan ketercapaian tujuan pembelajaran khususnya mata pelajaran IPS melalui pemanfaatan media pembelajaran Pop Up Book. Selain itu, alat menunjang dalam pembelajaran dengan cara mempermudah pemahaman materi dan menjamin tercapai tujuan dari pengajaran secara efisien dan efektif melalui media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana implementasikan buku pop-up dalam pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial guna hasil belajar siswa akan meningkat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian dokumen dan survei dokumen. Penggunaan media dalam pembelajaran IPS berperan penting. Melalui media, siswa mempunyai kesempatan untuk lebih memahami mata pelajaran. Di lingkungan pendidikan, sumber belajar yang tersedia seringkali terbatas pada buku cetak konvensional. Oleh karena itu, diperkenalkanlah media buku pop-up, yang menampilkan konten dalam format tiga dimensi dan memungkinkan siswa untuk melihatnya dari berbagai sudut yang berbeda. Media ini memiliki potensi untuk membantu siswa dalam memvisualisasikan konsep-konsep yang berkaitan dengan kehidupan di masyarakat secara lebih jelas.
Forehead Flap in Nasal Tip Reconstruction
Authors:   Hospital de especialidades centro médico nacional la raza., Trejo Rubio Marisela Estefhanía , Barrios Garcia Williams Antonio ,   Instituto Superior De Ciências Da Saúde Carlos Chagas, Aguilar Ugo Arturo Mendoza ,   Instituto Superior De Ciências Da Saúde Carlos Chagas, Argáez Jairo Isaih Mendoza ,   Hospital General “Dr. Fernando Quiroz Gutiérrez”, ISSSTE, CDMX., González Roman Esteban Hernandez ,   Hospital General de Zona 1 IMSS Tlaxcala, Mascareño Verónica González ,   Hospital de Especialidades Dr Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Contreras Reyes Paloma ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sánchez Edith Ayline Tovar ,   Universidad Autónoma de Veracruz Villa Rica, Mendoza Luis Adrián Guadarrama ,   Universidad Cristóbal Colón, Ortega Dr. Héctor Manuel Suarez ,   Centro médico nacional Lic. Adolfo López Mateos Toluca Estado de México
Published: April 2024

The forehead flap is a long-standing surgical technique used for nasal restoration. The forehead flap is considered the most reliable method for reconstructing nasal soft tissue. It offers a reconstructive surgeon a strong pedicle and a significant volume of tissue, making it suitable for repairing nearly any lesion. The modifications made by experts such as Burget and Menick have significantly enhanced the functionality of this outstanding flap. The guiding principles for reconstructing the nose with a forehead flap involve maintaining a straight line along the axis, using the pedicle on the same side as the defect, expanding the flap at a right angle when additional length is required, employing a small pedicle, and performing early subperiosteal dissection. Furthermore, the issue of lining abnormalities can be effectively and dependably resolved through the utilization of a folded forehead flap.
Updates in Diagnosis and Management of Forearm Compartment Syndrome
Authors:   Hospital General Regional No. 66. IMSS. Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México. ORCID: [0009-0006-3605-1581], Flores Alexis Andrei Granados , León Serna Rodrigo Rueda De ,   Hospital General “Dr. Rubén Leñero”, CDMX, ORCID: [0009-0005-3275-0759], Arriola Ríos Dorian Iván ,   Hospital General Regional No. 66. IMSS. Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México. ORCID: [0009-0008-6551-4084], González Soto José Roberto ,   Hospital General Regional No. 66. IMSS. Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México. ORCID: [0009-0000-1870-731X],, Hernandez Daniel Fernando Narvaez ,   Hospital General Dr. Ruben Leñero, Ciudad de México ORCID: [0009-0009-5485-6369], Díaz Villota Sara Fernanda ,   Fundación universitaria san Martín, Tene Corona Diana Itzel ,   Hospital General de Zona No. 1 IMSS. Villa de Álvarez, Colima, México. ORCID: [0000-0002-1018-8583], urbano Yurani urbano ,   Fundación universitaria san Martín, Brito Piñan Lourdes Montserrath ,   Hospital General de Toluca ISSSTE ORCID: [0009-0005-7153-1559]
Published: April 2024

In children, compartment syndrome of the forearm often arises from supracondylar fractures, whereas in adults, distal radius fractures are the predominant cause. In 48% of instances, diagnosis was based exclusively on clinical assessment, while in the remaining 52% of cases, a combination of intracompartmental pressure measurement and clinical assessment was used. Several methods, including wick catheters, slit catheters, the Whitesides method, and the Stryker compartment pressure measurement device, were employed to measure intracompartmental pressure. The treatment approach of choice was fasciotomy, with a preference rate of 73%. Out of all the patients that needed wound management, postfasciotomy skin grafting was essential in 61% of them, while secondary closure was done in 39% of cases. The most prevalent consequence, observed in 21% of patients, was neurological impairment.
The Student Satisfaction on Education Service Quality: Case Study at Hong Duc University
Authors:   Hong Duc University, Thin Dau Ba , Tuan Le Anh ,   Hong Duc University, Loan Nguyen Thi ,   Hong Duc University
Published: April 2024

Education Service Quality is a vital issue of every university to provide training service that aligns with societal demands and strives for learner satisfaction. A great number of research is conducted on this topic to calculate the role and impact of Education Service Quality on student satisfaction. This study analyses Student Satisfaction with Education Service Quality, including lecturer, staff officer, educational program, educational activities, infrastructure, and support activities on student satisfaction. Data from 464 students in the fields of economics and engineering were collected for analysis. The research findings demonstrate that students are satisfied with 3 of 6 proposed factors, with the lecturer exerting the most, followed by educational programs and training activities. This study contributes novel insights to both theoretical understanding and practical application, thereby facilitating the continuous improvement of training management.
Audit Switching and Audit Tenure as Determinants of Audit Quality
Authors:   Bali State Polytechnic, Pratiwi Ni Made Wirasyanti Dwi , Pramitari I Gusti Ayu Astri ,   Bali State Polytechnic, Bagiada I Made ,   Bali State Polytechnic, Sumiari Kadek Nita ,   Bali State Polytechnic
Published: April 2024

This research aims to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of auditor switching and audit tenure on audit quality. This research was conducted on all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2024 period. The sampling method uses purposive sampling. The total sample for this research was 215 companies. Audit quality in this study uses the earnings surprise benchmark proxy. The data analysis technique used is logistic regression analysis. The research results show that auditor switching has no effect on audit quality and audit tenure has a positive effect on audit quality.
Exploring the Relationship Between Manpower and Economic Indicator in Indonesia: A 30-Year Analysis
Authors:   Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Mataram, Indonesia, Balqish Baiq Serenity Aquila , Maryam ST ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Mataram, Indonesia
Published: April 2024

This research investigates the relationship between manpower and economic Indicator in Indonesia over a 30-year period from 1992 to 2022. Specifically, it examines the influence of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Education, Age, Final Consumption Expenditure, Foreign Direct Investment, and Inflation on Wages, alongside the effects of employment and economic growth instruments. This study using Error Correction Model (ECM) along with unit root test, cointegration test, and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) dependent test approach with the result that all of variables are stationary at the 1st difference level, this study aims to see the long-run and to know short-run relationship among the variables. The findings reveal a significant long-term relationship between wages and factors such as GDP (0.0000), higher education level (0.0006), secondary education level (0.0009) government spending (0.0149), and inflation (0.0312), while other variables such as basic education (0.0751), age of labour (0.3256), and Foreign Direct Investment (0.3417) are insignificant, while the short-run impact is seen to be less significant. This research proves that economic growth will always affect wages and the importance of controlling inflation as well as stabilising economic conditions to influence wages positively. Through rigorous statistical testing, this study contributes to understanding the dynamics affecting wages in Indonesia, highlighting the critical role of economic and demographic factors.
Impact of Consumption Taxes on Nigeria’s Economy
Authors:   Department of Economics, Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, EMMANUEL DR. NATHAN, , Eniekezimene Dr. Francis Ariayefa ,   Directorate of Consultancy, Entrepreneurship, Research and Development (DOCERAD)Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State
Published: April 2024

Taxes are crucial to every economy's progress, developed or emerging. This research investigated Nigeria's consumption taxes. The empirical analysis utilised 1981-2021 annual data. The study's variables were analysed using error correction model. Following the findings made, this study have thereby established that, except for previous years consumption taxes, all consumption taxes in current year in Nigeria does not possess any significant explanation on the current state of the Nigerian economy. Therefore, current economic happenings in Nigeria cannot be attributably said to be a resultant effect of current changes in any of the consumption taxes in Nigeria, but a resultant effect of previous changes in all consumption taxes in Nigeria. The study suggested that the government maintain import, excise; value added tax and petroleum profit tax laws and guarantee their efficient execution to reduce consumer harm; and simplify tax administration, enhance compliance, and broaden tax net. Educating the public about tax benefits should be a priority.
Spatial Distribution of Microplastics and Mesoplastics in Sediments across Hsinchu, Taiwan
Authors: Kang Devin , Kunz Alexander , Roy Toulouse-Antonin
Published: April 2024

Microplastics are becoming a major environmental concern, as they are ubiquitous, but their harm is not fully understood. Since research on microplastics in sediments in urban areas is scarce, this study aimed to uncover where microplastics may be the most abundant. City center, city border, and outer city sites were examined. One city center site was chosen (Gongshiyi Park), three city border sites were chosen (Touqian River North Bank, Touqian River South Bank, and Shixing Air Quality Purification Zone), and one outer city site was chosen (Shibajian Mountain). In each site, 25 samples were collected from an area of 10x10 cm and a depth of 2 cm, and plastic particles were filtered out using a 1mm sieve. The highest abundance of microplastics was at the city border (413.3 microplastics/m2), followed by the outer city (200 microplastics/m2), and lastly, the city center (100 microplastics/m2). Similarly, mesoplastics were collected and counted from the same samples, displaying a different trend with the highest abundance at the city border (273.3 mesoplastics/m2), followed by the city center (80 mesoplastics/m2), and lastly, the outer city (40 mesoplastics/m2). Contrary to previous research which showed a decrease in microplastic abundance from rural to urban areas, the findings of this study suggest that external anthropogenic variables, such as effective maintenance regimes, may have altered microplastic dispersal. Future studies should include a larger sample size, span over a longer period of time, and include a more complete land use analysis.
Exploring the Impact of Revised Bloom's Taxonomy in a Turkish as a Foreign Language Textbook
Authors: Ulum Ömer Gökhan
Published: April 2024

Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisi, bilişsel becerileri altı hiyerarşik seviyede sınıflandıran bir çerçevedir. Bu seviyeler alt düzey düşünme becerilerinden üst düzeyde bilişsel yeteneklere kadar uzanır. Taksonomi, 2001 yılında modern eğitim uygulamalarıyla daha iyi uyum sağlaması amacıyla revize edilmiş ve aktif öğrenme, eleştirel düşünme ve yaratıcılığı vurgulamıştır. Bu çalışma, Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisini okul kitaplarına dâhil etme gerekçesini araştırmaktadır. Bu taksonominin eğitim materyallerine dâhil edilmesiyle eğitimciler, yüksek düşünme, anlama derinliği ve gerçek dünya zorlukları için gerekli olan temel becerilerin gelişimini teşvik edebilirler. Taksonomi ayrıca kişiselleştirilmiş öğrenmeyi kolaylaştırır, etkili değerlendirmeyi destekler, aktif öğrenmeyi teşvik eder ve küresel eğitim standartlarına uyum sağlar. Hızlı değişim ve bilgi bolluğu ile özdeşleşen bir dönemde, Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisinin ders kitaplarına dâhil edilmesi, eğitimin kalitesini artırmak ve öğrencileri 21. yüzyılın gereksinimlerine daha iyi hazırlamak için değerli bir araç olarak hizmet eder. Bu nedenle, mevcut araştırma Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisinin bir TYD ders kitabına ne ölçüde dâhil edildiğini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın sonuçları, incelenen ders kitabında ileri düzey bilişsel yeteneklerin eksikliğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu bağlamda ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur.
Homenaje a David Fariman MD (1911-1986)
Authors: Stella Oscar
Published: April 2024

Homenaje a David Fariman MD (1911-1986)
Trade Openness and Life Expectancy: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Olusola Olakunle , Kalu Chris , Orji Alexander
Published: April 2024

The health sector in Nigeria is at risk following barriers to international trade, as trade across Nigeria and the rest of the world may not be sufficiently promoting health indicators in particular life expectancy. This paper examined the impact of trade openness on life expectancy in Nigeria from 1986 to 2023. This paper utilized the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) on trade openness, foreign direct investment, hospital infrastructure, electricity consumption and government health expenditure. From the result, it was showed that trade openness had a negative impact on life expectancy, while the three lagged value of foreign direct investment had a positive impact on infant mortality. As a way of policy implementation, the Government should create mechanisms to control the extent to which the economy is opened to the external world. This is because illicit and substandard health goods could be brough tinto the country which could have adverse and negative effect on the health come in the long run in Nigeria.
Marketing Promotional Tools and Customer Acquisition in Selected Tourism Centres in South-West, Nigeria
Authors: Ndiulo Ejike , Kabuoh N. , Worimegbe Powell
Published: April 2024

Tourism centers play a crucial role in the global travel industry, serving as vital points of contact for travelers seeking information, services, and memorable experiences. These hubs serve as central locations for various purposes as well as fostering economic development. As a result, the expansion of tourist centers has been a critical focus for policymakers, stakeholders, and investors. Various countries have implemented reforms, policies, and guidelines in the tourism sector to spur its growth. Despite these efforts, there are still challenges in acquiring customers for the tourism industry, and effective marketing promotional tools are seen as essential in addressing these issues and implementing strategies to advance the tourism sector. This study investigated the effect of Marketing Promotional Tools on Customer Acquisition in Selected Tourism Centers in South-West, Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted. The population was 431 marketing employees of 10 tourism centers at the top, middle and lower levels within the selected tourism centers in South-West, Nigeria. The total enumeration method was adopted. A structured and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients of constructs ranged from 0.70 to 0.92. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential (multiple linear regression analysis) with the aid of SPSS statistical software version 27. A total of 431 copies of questionnaire were administered to employees of the selected tourism centers in South-West, Nigeria, 424 were correctly filled and returned. This represents a response rate of 98.4%, which is deemed satisfactory for data analysis and interpretation. The findings revealed that marketing promotional tools had significant effect on customer acquisition of selected tourism centers in South-West, Nigeria (Adj. R2 = 0.436; F (4,420) = 66.287, p < 0.05). The study concluded that marketing promotional tools enhanced the customer acquisition of selected tourism centers in South-West, Nigeria. The study recommended that management of tourist centers should engage in identifying new geographic markets, exploring international partnerships, or diversifying the tourism centers' offerings to include complementary services to enhance customer acquisition.
manejo do princípio da solidariedade e o direito à moradia para além do pacto social
Authors: La Flor Martiane Jaques , Calgaro Cleide
Published: April 2024

O direito à moradia e o princípio da solidariedade são previsões constitucionais que integram o princípio angular da dignidade da vida humana. Essa construção social enlaça diferentes áreas, sendo o Direito Ambiental uma das principais que regem conflitos originados da sobrecarga das cidades urbanas em decorrência do êxodo rural crescente. O propósito deste artigo é analisar o direito à moradia frente ao princípio da solidariedade, sob o marco teórico do pacto ambiental, de Michel Serres, em face ao pacto social. Identifica-se como problema a vulnerabilidade social que é posta a coletividade devido à priorização da propriedade privada sem o investimento em moradia sustentável. Lê-se que o pacto social prevalece ao ambiental quando o instituto da Regularização Urbana (Reurb), Lei nº 13.464/2017, prioriza o direito à moradia/propriedade, quando deveria, na realidade, haver investimento no pacto ambiental, em conformidade com o propósito da legislação. O método utilizado é o dedutivo e o artigo se estrutura em dois tópicos principais, o primeiro sobre o Reurb e o direito à moradia, e o segundo é a problematização sobre a adequação da lei ao princípio da solidariedade em consonância com o pacto ambiental de Serres.
desafios do direito do consumidor frente ao capitalismo de vigilância
Authors: Richa Gustavo Corulli , Fachin Jessica
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho busca refletir quais as consequências às pessoas, bem como as mudanças e problemáticas às relações consumeristas trazidas pelo chamado capitalismo de vigilância. Tal estruturação capitalista, consubstancia em uma lógica em que o indivíduo é, ao mesmo tempo, consumidor e mercadoria. Nessa condição, as big techs apresentam-se com o poder de manipular a experiência e o comportamento humano no ciberespaço, influenciando suas ações, atacando frontalmente o direito à liberdade de escolha, realizando campanhas publicitárias abusivas, utilizando dados pessoais sem o devido consentimento. O problema que se apresenta é se e como tais mudanças impactam nas relações de consumo, em especial, tendo como parâmetro o Código de Defesa do Consumidor brasileiro. O trabalho se vale de do método hipotético-dedutivo, se utilizando de pesquisa bibliográfica, nacional e internacional, e jurisprudencial.
UTILIZAÇÃO DO BUTILBROMETO DE HIOSCINA DURANTE O PRIMEIRO ESTÁGIO DO TRABALHO DE PARTO
Authors: Hassunuma Renato Massaharu , Cantão Ana Laura dos Santos , Silva Fábio Aparecido da , Lourenção Monica da Silva , Garcia Patrícia Carvalho , Messias Sandra Heloisa Nunes
Published: April 2024

Introdução: O butilbrometo de hioscina (BBH) ou butilbrometo de escopolamina é um medicamento anticolinérgico e espasmódico, indicado para o tratamento da dor abdominal associada à cólicas induzidas por espasmos gastrintestinais. Estudos indicam que o BBH atue realizando uma inibição colinérgica de gânglios parassimpáticos da região abdominal e pélvica, aliviando os espasmos na musculatura lisa, atuando no plexo cérvico-uterino o que pode auxiliar na dilatação cervical no momento do parto. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão integrativa de ensaios clínicos que analisaram os efeitos do BBH durante o primeiro estágio do trabalho de parto. Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma busca avançada de artigos científicos na base de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System On-line (MEDLINE), utilizando os descritores “Brometo de butilescopolamônio” (Butylscopolammonium bromide), “Trabalho de parto” (Labor), “Primeira fase do trabalho de parto” (First labour stage) e “Dilatação cervical” (Cervical dilatation). Os artigos foram identificados, triados, elegidos e inclusos para elaboração da revisão integrativa.  Resultados: A revisão integrativa foi composta por 11 ensaios clínicos publicados em artigos científicos que apresentaram resultados de duração de tempo total e do primeiro estágio do trabalho de parto e de taxa de dilatação cervical uterina. Conclusões: As pesquisas analisadas na atual revisão integrativa sugerem que 20 mg de BBH em uma paciente com dilatação cervical de aproximadamente 3 a 5 cm no, pode reduzir a duração do primeiro estágio do trabalho de parto, por meio de um aumento na taxa de dilatação cervical uterina.
Flachdraht Wellenfedern: Ventilkonstruktionen vereinfachen
Authors:   Marco Sturm
Published: April 2024

Wie leistungsfähig pneumatische undhydraulische Systeme sind, hängt in hohemMaße von den Ventilen ab. Sie sollen flüssige,pastöse oder gasförmige Medien mit hoherGenauigkeit und Sicherheit regeln, steuern,leiten und ausgleichen. In der Ventiltechniksetzen Konstrukteure deshalb Wellenfedern ein.TFC ist einer der führenden europäischenAnbieter von industriellenBefestigungsprodukten. Wie vielseitigFlachdraht-Wellenfedern sind und welcheVorteile sie gegenüber Runddrahtfedern bieten,erklärt das Unternehmen im Beitrag.
Optical coherence tomography in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Najafi Amin , Ashoori Negin , Hosseini Katayoon , Abbasi Vahid
Published: April 2024

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that damages myelinated fibers within the central nervous system. Data obtained using optical coherence tomography (OCT) have recently been identified as a potential biomarker for this disease. We aimed to measure circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (cpRNFLT) using OCT and to compare the results in healthy participants with those of individuals having clinically definitive MS with and without a history of optic neuritis.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited patients with clinically confirmed MS, with and without optic neuritis, and healthy individuals as a control group. We documented demographic characteristics, duration of MS, and time elapsed since the episode of optic neuritis. All participants underwent a thorough ocular examination and measurement of total, superior, and inferior cpRNFLT using swept-source OCT.

Results: In participants with MS, women outnumbered men in the subsets with (90%) and without (64%) optic neuritis. The control group comprised approximately similar numbers of men and women. There was a statistically significant difference in total, superior, and inferior cpRNFLT between study groups (all P < 0.001). Pairwise comparisons revealed significantly thinner total, superior, and inferior cpRNFLTs in patients having MS with and without (all P < 0.001) optic neuritis when compared with the controls. We found significantly higher total, superior, and inferior cpRNFLTs in women than in men (all P < 0.05). However, we found no significant correlation between total, superior, or inferior cpRNFLT and patient age, duration of MS, or time elapsed since the optic neuritis episode (all P > 0.05), except for a significant moderate inverse correlation between patient age and total cpRNFLT (r = - 0.41; P < 0.05), indicating a loss of total cpRNFLT with age.

Conclusions: Patients with clinically confirmed MS, with or without optic neuritis, had a significantly decreased cpRNFLT compared to that of healthy individuals. There was a significant inverse correlation between age and total cpRNFLT and a difference in cpRNFLT between the sexes, indicating that age and sex may influence the measurement of cpRNFLT using OCT in patients with MS. As a screening tool, OCT should be used along with other existing diagnostic modalities for patients with definite or suspected MS. Further longitudinal studies including various classifications of MS with or without isolated episodes of optic neuritis, along with diagnostic accuracy studies, could provide more robust conclusions on the suitability of OCT as a biomarker of MS.