bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic impact on concentration of selected trace elements pools in transformed organic soils in Trzcińskie Mokradła Peatland, SW Poland
Authors: Bogacz Adam , Andrzejczak Maria , Tomaszewska Klara , Podlaska Magda
Published: January 2020

Drainage and peat extraction may have a negative impact on existing hydrological conditions and, consequently, on the conditions of wetland ecosystems. The aim of this study was to assess human impact on the studied Trzcińskie Mokradła Peatland by comparing the concentrations and trace element (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr and Ni) pools in the study area (extracted vs. non-extracted areas of peatland). The concentration of trace elements in organic soils and their pools were analysed in relation to their depth in the soil profiles, content of organic matter, soil pH values and the degree of decomposition of organic materials (peat, mursh). Fifteen soil profiles (90 samples) were examined. The total soil elements content was determined after digestion in a mixture of HCl+HNO3. The element pools were calculated and expressed in g m−2 of soil in 0–30 cm and 30–50 cm layers. Soils showed acidic or slightly acidic reactions. The high concentrations of Pb and Zn were mainly observed in the upper horizons. The deeper layers enriched with mineral fractions were also enriched in metals like Cr and Ni.
Humic substances of differently matured composts produced from municipal solid wastes and biomass of energetic plants
Authors: Kałuża-Haładyn Andrea , Jamroz Elżbieta , Bekier Jakub
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the transformation of humic substances during composting of biomass of energetic plants and municipal solid waste. The type of the organic material to be composted and the type of technology used affect the course of the humic substances transformation and formation of compost maturity parameters. Compost produced from the mixture of energetic willow and hay biomass contained humic substances with higher share of low-molecular fractions and lower share of humic acids in total organic carbon than those produced from municipal solid wastes. Obtained results also showed that insoluble alkali fraction plays an important role in humification process by its convertion to a new humic substances. Share of humic and fulvic fractions in relation to the total organic carbon appears to be reliable indicator of composting as a process of enhancing organic matter humification.
Prediction of soil properties with machine learning models based on the spectral response of soil samples in the near infrared range
Authors: Gruszczyński Stanisław
Published: January 2020

One of the basic methods for soil analysis time and cost reduction is using soil sample spectral response in laboratory conditions. The problem with this method lies in determining the relationship between the shape of the soil spectral response and soil physical or chemical properties. The LUCAS soil database collected by the EU’s ESDAC research centre is good material to analyse the relationship between the soil properties and the near infrared (NIR) spectral response. The modelling described in the paper is based on these data. The analysis of the impact of soil properties configuration on absorbance levels in various NIR spectrum ranges was conducted using the stepwise regression models with the properties, properties squared and products of properties being explanatory variables. The analysis of partial correlation of soil properties values with absorbance values and absorbance derivative in the entire spectral range was conducted in order to evaluate the impact of the absorbance transformation (the first derivative of absorbance vector) on the change of significance of relationship with properties values. The Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) models were used to estimate the absorbance relationship with single soil features. Soil property modelling based on the selection and transformation algorithm of raw values and first and second absorbance derivatives was also conducted along with the suitability evaluation of such models in building digital soil maps. The absorbance is affected by a limited number of tested soil features like pH, texture, content of carbonates, SOC, N, and CEC; P and K contents have, in case of this research, a negligible impact. The NIR methodology can be suitable in conditions of limited soil variation and particularly in development of thematic soil maps.
Development of the limit values of micronutrient deficiency in soil determined using Mehlich 3 extractant for Polish soil conditions. Part I. Wheat
Authors: Korzeniowska Jolanta , Stanisławska-Glubiak Ewa , Lipiński Wojciech
Published: January 2020

To implement the Mehlich 3 method in Polish agro-chemical laboratories, limit values for deficiency of B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in soil for wheat were developed. The values were developed on the basis of 1921 fields with wheat, evenly distributed throughout Poland. Soil samples were collected from these fields in 2016, together with the plants growing on them, at the stage of stem elongation (BBCH 30/31). The concentration of micronutrients was determined in all soil and plant samples. In addition, pH, texture, and the content of organic carbon and available phosphorus were determined in soil samples. Moreover, grain yield after wheat harvest was estimated for all fields. Limit values were developed by two independent methods: 1) the regression equation method and 2) the so-called high yield method. In the first case, the limit microelement concentration in soil was calculated from the equation describing the relationship between the bioaccumulation factor (R/G) and a specific soil feature (n=1921). The bioaccumulation factor is the quotient of the concentration of a micronutrient in a plant (R) and its concentration in the soil (G) determined by the Mehlich 3 method. The equations were constructed using the Stagraphics program. For each micronutrient, 8 models were tested in search for the equation with the highest determination coefficient r2. Limit values were calculated after substituting the critical value of microelements in the plant (R) to the selected model and transforming the equation accordingly. The basis of the second method was to separate the “high yield group” ≥7.0 t ha−1 (n=578) from the entire data set. In this group, lower quintiles for the Mehlich 3-concentration of individual microelements in soil were calculated. The lower quintiles (QU1) were taken as limit values. It was assumed that QU1 is a good indicator of the lowest micronutrient concentration in the soil at which a yield of 7.0 t ha−1 or higher can be obtained. The comparison of the values calculated with the regression equations method and the high yield method showed their similarity, which confirmed the reliability of these values. The proposed values define the limit for low microelements concentration in soil determined with the Mehlich 3 method, below which wheat fertilization with these nutrients is recommended.
RPAS Satellite Communication Channel Based on Long-Term Evolution (LTE) Standard
Authors: Grekhov Andrii , Kondratiuk Vasil , Ilnitska Svitlana
Published: January 2020

MIMO-OFDM models of RPAS communication channels based on LTE Standard were built. Dependencies of the BER on the SNR for Extended Pedestrian A and Extended Vehicular A models using 2-by-2 multiple antennas were obtained. Dependencies of the BER on the SNR for different levels of Frequency Offset at satellite transponder were studied.
Entrepreneurship and Income Inequality: A Dynamic Spatial Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Ragoubi Hanen , El Harbi Sana
Published: January 2020

This paper extends the empirical debate of Ragoubi and El Harbi (2018) on the dynamic relationship between entrepreneurship and income inequality. Using a dynamic spatial panel data analysis for both 33 high-income countries and 39 middle-income and low-income countries over the period 2004–2014, the main empirical findings are summarised as follows. First, the results indicate that entrepreneurship is a spatial and persistent phenomenon. Second, there is strong support for the existence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between entrepreneurship and income inequality espoused by the Kuznets Curve hypothesis for middle-income and low-income countries. Third, the interaction between income inequality and income per capita has a significant negative effect on the entrepreneurial activity for middle-income and low-income countries. Fourth, a significant positive association is found between the interaction variable and entrepreneurship for high-income countries. Fifth, the findings show evidence of significant positive and negative short-run direct effects of income inequality on the entrepreneurial activity for middle-income and low-income countries. Finally, there are significant negative short-run spillover effects of income inequality on the entrepreneurial activity for middle-income and low-income countries.
A Content Analysis on the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the United States of America
Authors: Grigorescu Adriana , Ion Amalia-Elena
Published: January 2020

The present research was constructed with the idea of offering a detailed view on one of the most important legislative papers of the United States of America (USA), namely, the Small Business Act of 1953. The public policy sector in the USA is a rather complex area of research, and the qualitative study performed through the content analysis has been based on external factors within the Small Business Administration (SBA) for the small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector in the USA, in terms of financial assistance, regulations and directives, as well as access to information, knowledge and know-how regarding the national and international markets. As a result, the article underlines important elements for both theory and practice. The content analysis performed on the SBA has suggested that, given the administration’s organisational chart and programmes of the American SBA, the latter pushes towards an impersonal connection between the administration and the SME sector through the existence of the business development centres created with the main purpose of assisting the SMEs in their activity.
Gıda Bileşenlerinin Enkapsülasyonunda Nanoemülsiyonların Kullanımı
Authors: Tontul İsmail
Published: January 2020

Tüketicilerin daha güvenli ve aynı zamanda daha sağlıklı gıdaya karşı taleplerindeki artış, gıda teknolojisinde birçok yeni ürün geliştirilmesine neden olmuştur. Bu nedenle, son yıllarda fonksiyonel özelliklere sahip gıda bileşenlerinin çevresel şartlara karşı korunması ve kontrollü salınımını sağlanması amacıyla mikro veya nano boyutta kapsüllenmesi önemli bir faaliyet alanı haline gelmiştir. Nitekim birçok enkapsülasyon tekniği geliştirilmiş ve birçok farklı aktif materyaller enkapsüle edilmiştir. Bir nanoenkapsülasyon tekniği olan nanoemülsiyonlar, çekirdek materyalinin karışmayan iki sıvı içinde kapsüllenmesi işlemidir. Nanoemülsiyonlar normal emülsiyonlara göre daha yüksek stabiliteye ve yükleme imkânına sahiptir. Ayrıca sindirim sisteminde aktif materyalin emilimini arttırması nedeniyle çekirdek materyallerin biyoyarayışlılığını artırmaktadır. Bu derlemede, nanoemülsiyon hazırlamak için gerekli materyaller, nanoemülsiyon hazırlama yöntemleri ve nanoemülsiyonlar ile çeşitli gıda bileşenlerinin enkapsülasyonunu konu alan çalışmalar derlenmiştir.
Effect of In Ovo Injection of Organic Zinc, Manganese and Copper on Hatchability Parameters and Some Tissues‘ Properties in Quail Breeder
Authors: Şentürk Esra Tuğçe , Yıldız Alpönder
Published: January 2020

This study has been carried out to investigate that the effect of different levels of in ovo zinc, manganese and copper mineral mix injection on the hatchability and some tissue characteristics in the Japanese quail breeder eggs. In the study a total 400 Japanese quail breeder eggs which have similar weight have been randomly distributed to four different experimental groups: C as control non-injected (C), MinMix1 has been injected with 15+15+3 Âµg Zn-Mn-Cu mineral mix + 0.2 ml physiological serum per egg, MinMix2 has been injected with 30+30+6 Âµg Zn-Mn-Cu mineral mix + 0.2 ml physiological serum per egg and MinMix3 has been injected with 45+45+9 Âµg Zn-Mn-Cu mineral mix + 0.2 ml physiological serum per egg. The effect of treatment on hatchability, hatching weight and tibia weight, leg, beak and tibia lengths has been found to be unimportant. The yolk sac weight was lower in the injected groups compared to the control group, whereas the heart and liver weights, chick and wing lengths have significantly increased with the in ovo mineral mix injection. The hatching of chicks in the injected groups has started earlier than the control group and the hatchings of these groups were completed earlier, except for the MinMix3 group. These results demonstrated that in ovo injection with MinMix2 increased heart and liver weights and chick and wing lengths while in ovo mineral injection decreased yolk sac.
حدود استخدام سلطان الإرادة في عقود بيع السيارات والمركبات الجديدة في القانون الجزائري
Authors: Bokhalid Ochali , Hiba Harwal N.
Published: January 2020

كان من نتائج شيوع المذهب الفردي في نهاية القرن الثامن عشر وبداية القرن التاسع عشر ظهور مبدأ سلطان الإرادة الذي يقدس الإرادة ويتيح لها كامل الحرية في إنشاء العقد وتحديد مضمونه وأثاره غير أنه في نهاية القرن العشرين وبدايات هذا القرن دفع التطور الاقتصادي والتكنولوجي المتسارع إلى ظهور ما يسمى بالعقود الاقتصادية في معظم مناحي الحياة إلى أن أصبح النشاط الاقتصادي هو عصب الحياة اليومية للأفراد والتجمعات والدول،وهذا ما غير نظرة الاقتصاد لكثير من المفاهيم القانونية ومنها مبدأ سلطان الإرادة. ومن العقود الاقتصادية التي ظهرت على الساحة التشريعية الجزائرية حديثا ما يسمى بعقود التوزيع في الفقه الدولي وقد ظهرت صورة من صوره بمناسبة بيع وتسويق السيارات والمركبات الجديدة ابتداء من سنة 2007 تاريخ صدور المرسوم التنفيذي 07/390 الذي ألغي وأستبدل بالمرسوم15/58

ويلاحظ بأن المشرع في هذا النص قد تولى تنظيم عملية التعاقد من بدايتها إلى ما بعد إتمامها واستلام المركبة ووضعها للسير. ويظهر من خلال تنظيم المشرع لممارسة مهنة بيع المركبات الجديدة وتدخله بشكل دقيق في مرحلة إبرام العقد بتحديد محله وصفة أطرافه أن مبدأ سلطان الإرادة ينحصر فقط في لحظة اختيار إبرام العقد أما مرحلة الإبرام فتخلو من أي مظهر من مظاهر الإرادة الحرة.
ضمانات قرينة البراءة في التشريع الجنائي (( دراسة في الواقع التشريعي الجزائري في ضوء التعديلين الأخيرين للدستور الجزائري وقانون الإجراءات الجزائية))
Authors: Ghothi Qawsam H. , Hiba Harwal N.
Published: January 2020

يشير الأصل في المتهم البراءة إلى حالة يمر بها المتهم، قبل أن يثبت قضائيا عدم سلامة الاتهام المنسوب إليه وقبل أن يتم التحقق من إدانته، ويعتبر هذا الأصل مبدأ أساسيا في النظام الديمقراطي، ومفترض من مفترضات المحاكمة المنصفة، وقد وصفه مجلس اللوردات البريطاني بأنه خيط ذهبي في نسيج ثوب القانون الجنائي.

ولقد تم تجسيد هذا المبدأ في جميع دساتير العالم وقوانينها الداخلية ومنها الدستور الجزائري والذي كرس المبدأ صراحة في جميع الدساتير ومنها المادة 56 من التعديل الأخير لسنة 2016 للدستور الجزائري، وكذا قانون الاجراءات الجزائية من خلال التعديلين الأخيرين له بالقانونين رقم 15-02 و 07-17.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON NATURAL FIBER ALONG WITH SILICA FUME IN CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE
Authors: Venkatesan G  , Bharat P. Kapgate  , Rajkumar K
Published: January 2020

Concrete is globally recognized for its long term service period in the application of concrete. In the region of five billion tons of concrete are utilized more or less in the planet and increasing every year. In view of the environmental problems faced today considering the fast reduction of natural resources like sand and aggregate. Owing to the growth of Science and Technology in recent decades, there is a modification in the practice of concrete along with some additives as the complement for strength and workability.Basalt Fiber is categorized under the Mineral additive and brought into usage in early 1920’s in the period of World war for Military purposes. Silica fume is hugely known for its durability and it increases the density of concrete. On Another hand, the building are often subjected to risk of corrosion and Sustainability, the application of any element in the proportions of concrete will possess the property of Resisting and rejuvenating the nature of Concrete.
An analytical approach for prognosis of mass transport during manufacturing of a limiting amplifier circuit. On increasing of integration rate of elements of the amplifier
Authors: Evgeny L. Pankratov
Published: January 2020

In this paper we introduce an analytical approach for prognosis of mass transport during manufacturing of a limiting amplifier circuit. Based on this approach we obtain conditions to increase density of elements of this circuit, manufactured by diffusion or ion implantation with optimized annealing time of dopant and/or radiation defects. The above analytical approach gives a possibility to take into account nonlinearity of the mass transport, dependences of parameters of the transport on spatial coordinate and time.
EXPERIMENTAÇÃO NA CONCEPÇÃO DE PROFESSORES MESTRANDOS EM ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS
Authors: Oliveira Douglas Freitas de , Moreira Alzira Silva , Soares Elane Chaveiro , Rinaldi Carlos
Published: January 2020

Com esta pesquisa, objetivou-se compreender as concepções e práticas didático-pedagógicas relacionadas à experimentação desenvolvidas por professores da área de Ciências Naturais (Biologia, Física e Química) que são mestrandos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências Naturais da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Seguiu-se uma abordagem qualitativa, cujo percurso metodológico consistiu em quatro etapas: exploratória (revisão bibliográfica), elaboração dos instrumentos de pesquisa, aplicação de questionários e entrevistas e análises e conclusões. Como resultado, identificou-se três categorias de experimentação (investigativa, demonstrativa e de verificação) presentes nas práticas pedagógicas dos professores participantes, bem como duas abordagens teóricas de aprendizagem (comportamentalista e construtivista). Desta forma, foi possível perceber que houve uma possível ressignificação, sobretudo após ingresso no curso de mestrado profissional, de muitas das concepções sobre atividades experimentais e teorias de aprendizagem que as subjazem, principalmente sobre a ideia do papel do professor e dos estudantes no processo de construção do conhecimento científico.
DESAIN GENERATOR OZONE DENGAN TEKNOLOGI PLASMA DBD (Die-lectric Barrier Discharge)
Authors: Aryadi Ricky , Supari Supari , Harmini Harmini
Published: January 2020

Industrial sterilization is a very important problem. Ozone is a powerful oxidizer that can function for sterilization and is environmentally friendly. Plasma DBD (Dielectric Barrier Discharge) is one of the effective technologies to obtain ozone. The ozone generator currently uses a lot of manual control operations. Manual control uses a mechanical system in the form of a potentiometer to calibrate the frequency and output of the ozone generator output, so that digitization and automation are needed to operate to replace human labor. The design of the digital ozone control generator is done using an AVR microcontroller. Programming used in this research is basic language (BASCOM), then uses a DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) system which is the output of a Microcontroller with a Weighted Binnary Resistor. The output of the microcontroller is frequency and 8 bit digital with a decimal parameter of 200. The result of automation is that the timer works for 2 hours. The greater frequency the ozone produced. At a frequency of 1500Hz the power produced is 308.58 watts with an ozone concentration of 59 ppm. Efficiency using a switching system> 90%.

                                                                                                                                                                                                  

Keywords: Plasma, AVR Microcontroller, Ozone.
ANALISA CITRA BERBASIS FITUR WARNA TEKSTUR DAN HISTOGRAM UNTUK MENENTUKAN KEMIRIPAN CITRA
Authors: Sipan Muhammad , Pramuyanti Rony Kartika
Published: January 2020

Citra merupakan sebuah gambaran dari sebuah objek yang menarik untuk di teliti. Penelitian ini membahas tentang Analisa citra berbasis fitur warna, tekstur dan histogram. Fitur-fitur ini akan dicari untuk memperoleh nilai yang akan digunakan sebagai acuan untuk mencari kemiripan citra berdasarkan error pada citra. Besar kecil nya error yang di peroleh dari nilai-nilai fitur tersebut menunjukan besar kecilnya kemiripan dari sebuah citra.
Fitur warna citra berpengaruh pada kejelasan sebuah objek yang ada pada citra tersebut. Dengan warna yang ber-beda-beda objek dapat dideteksi dengan cepat walaupun hanya dengan kasat mata. Analisa citra dengan fitur warna yang dilakukan menggunakan nilai RGB pada citra yang dicari fiturnya, yaitu nilai Red, Green dan Blue pada tiap blok pikselnya. Setelah nilai fitur watna diperoleh, kemudian dicari nilai fitur tekstur menggunakan metode statistika orde dua yaitu Gray Level Cooccurrence Matrix (GLCM). Fitur-fitur tekstur tersebut antara lain: Kontras, IDM ASM, Entropi, dan Korelasi.
Tahap akhir dicari nilai histogram dari tiga kondisi citra yang berbeda-beda untuk menunjukkan kondisi terang, normal dan gelap. Nilai-nilai fitur yang di peroleh kemudian digunakan untuk mencari kemiripan citra dengan menentukan besar kecilnya nilai error, dimana pada penelitian ini digunakan MSE (Mean Square errors) dan MAE (Mean Absolute Errors) untuk mencari besar nilai error.
Keyword: fitur, warna, histogram, Glcm, MSE.
PENGATURAN SUHU UNTUK MENGATASI BAYI TERBAKAR BERBASIS ARDUINO DAN LABVIEW PADA INFANT INCUBATOR
Authors: Ramdani Dicky Rivaldo , Nugroho Andi Kurniawan , Destyningtias Budiani
Published: January 2020

An incubator is a place designed to maintain a certain temperature condition. Incubators are often found in hospitals and farms. In hospitals, the Incubator functions to warm newborns, or premature babies. On farms, this incubator is usually used for egg hatchers and as a place for newly hatched chicks. Incubators are usually in the form of a room or box (box) of a certain size. In this research will be designed a prototype to modify the infant incubator by adding sensors to regulate the temperature and control using a Arduino microcontroller. This incubator has a measurement system and temperature regulation using LM35 sensors, heaters and fans as actuators that can cool the incubator room with Arduino as controlling. Temperature setting will be monitored by LABVIEW. In the Arduino system a program can be set up that can adjust the temperature . The temperature required by the premature baby, so that it can maintain the stability of the temperature. If the temperature in the incubator is smaller than the temperature setting, the heater will turn on and the fan speed will decrease to increase the temperature according to the settings entered. If the temperature in the incubator is greater than the temperature setting entered, the heater will turn off. The results showed that the linear regression value between the temperature values with the ADC value of y = 0.4883x with a determination coefficient of 1, while the linear regression value between the temperature with a voltage value of y = 99.481x with a coefficient of 0.9984.
Keywords: Infant Incubator, temperature sensor, LM35.
RANCANG BANGUN TACHOMETER DIGITAL BERBASIS ARDUINO DILENGKAPI CHARGING DAN MODE PENYIMPAN DATA
Authors: Harsoyo Imam Tri , Nugroho Andi Kurniawan , Nuriman Nuriman
Published: January 2020

A good and feasible centrifuge is needed in the world of health, therefore a digital tachometer is needed to calibrate a centrifuge. Digital tachometer is a measuring instrument used to measure the rotation speed of a motor. This tachometer will be tested to function by being compared to using Digital Laser Photo Tachometer. This tachometer will display the number of rotations per minute of a motor according to the speed setting on the centrifuge using the output of this E18-D80NK sensor which will later be processed by the Arduino Nano. As for this feature charger and data storage mode, so that user can save the data of measurement results on SD Card, and beside that user can also be a way of charging when after usage or before usage. At testing the tool used point settings 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, and 12000 RPM. Based on the measurement results of centrifuge using tachometer module and comparison tachometer have average percentage of error varying at each setting point. The smallest error 0.8% at the setting Point 3000 RPM, while the largest error 4.9% at the setting point 1000 RPM. The Tacometer error value on this Centrifuge measurement is still within the tolerance limit of ± 10%
PENGUAT KELAS D DENGAN METODE SUMMING INTEGRATOR
Authors: Murtianta Budihardja
Published: January 2020

A class D amplifier is one in which the output transistors are operated as switches. When a transistor is off, the current through it is zero and when it is on, the voltage across it is small, ideally zero. Thus the power dissipation is very low, so it requires a smaller heat sink for the amplifier. Class D amplifier operation is based on analog principles and there is no digital encoding of the signal. Before the emergence of class D amplifiers, the standard classes were class A, class AB, class B, and class C. The classic method for generating signals driving a transistor MOSFET is to use a comparator. One input is driven by an incoming audio signal, and the other by a triangle wave or a sawtooth wave at the required switching frequency. The frequency of a triangular or sawtooth wave must be higher than the audio input. MOSFET transistors work in a complementary manner that operates as a switch. Triangle waves are usually generated by square waves fed to the integrator circuit. So the main part of processing audio signals into PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is the integrator and comparator. In this paper, we will discuss the work of a class D amplifier system using the summing integrator method as its main part.
An Approximate Solutions of two Dimension Linear Mixed Volterra- Fredholm Integral Equation of the Second Kind via Iterative Kernel Method
Authors: Hasan Talaat Ismael
Published: January 2020

Abstract:

In this work, we reformulate and apply iterative kernel method (IKM) for solving two dimension mixed Volterra-Fredholm integral equation of the second kind (MVFIE-2). The suitable algorithm for IKM is suggested and the programming for of the algorithm of the technique is written by Matlab programs. The computer application for the algorithm is tested on a number numerical examples. The results which are obtained by this technique compared with exact solution and some new theorems are proved; for decision the results computing the least square error (LSE) of the IKM and running time (RT) for the program.
Topography and Geomorphological units impact on the Saidsadiq town expansion ,by Using Geographical information System
Authors: Hama ameen Omed Hamabaqi , Rahman Kawa Jabar
Published: January 2020

The main goal of this investigation is to indicate the influnce of Topographic and Geomorphogical Unit on expansion of Saidsadiq town from (1965 to 2019 ) , and analyse the influnce of the slope and landform upon the directive expansion of the town , with signifying the factors of expansion the town towards the directions dependens on the map of expension with satellite images which have been recieved from (NASA-G DEM VERSION) on (USGS) site with Digital Elevation Model (DEM) by resolution (30 m) on the reaserch area . finally the investigation concludes a set of conclusions and results including the land form limited and restricted the directions of expansions of the town and The City taken the shape of Star ,expandin most of the towns area on the sediment pedimont due to easiness of building houses and connection services upon it.
Sensory Connotations of the formula (Afeal) in the holy Quran
Authors: Mohammad Ibrahim Abdulrahman , Saeed Muhiadeen Mohammad
Published: January 2020

This study aims at investigating the Quranic words which are formed using the metrical unit "Formula afeal function on Sensual meanings”. It is well-known that understanding semantics in Quran is based upon understanding the connotation of its lexical items in addition to the structures used in it. The current study also enriches the Quranic and linguistic studies. The significance of this study lies in the fact that it locates the words which are formed using the metrical unit "Formula 'afeal" then reveals the semantic and morphological meanings of this group of words. It also sheds light on some linguistic phenomena that are usually related to such kind of studies. The study throws light on the role of context in determining the semantic meaning, regarding attentively both synonymy and polysemy and referring to some examples of collocation.
Draft concept of Information Security Auditing at a university
Authors: Yasenev V. N. , Dorozhkin A. V. , Sochkov A. L.
Published: January 2020

The article examines the theoretical and practical basis of auditing the information security of educational institutions. The article gives proposals on the main components of its concept, taking into account the specifics of educational organizations, the article also searches for the ways of ensuring the effective functioning of universities on a considered basis. Proposals have been made to develop a comprehensive concept for the auditing of the information security of the university. The project includes seven components: the objects of auditing; its goals and objectives; the subtype of auditing that takes into account the specifics of the school; how to conduct audits and how to analyze data from the auditing process; the auditing phasing; its organizational and technical foundations; the composition and content of the resulting documents. A combination of risk analysis and information security standards is recommended as a practical approach to auditing. It is recommended that an experimental examination of the object security system should beused for real verification. Among the reasons for theoretical approaches that could create the basis for auditing the information security of a higher educational institution, the most preferable are the models of evaluation and the “grey” box. Practical implementation of the proposed information security auditing concept will improve the effectiveness of monitoring the implementation of Federal Laws and Programs in the educational institutions, and it will eventually strengthen the level of information security of the organization.
Сharacteristics of the Accounting   and Analytical Space for Innovation in the Gas Industry
Authors: Chaikovskaya  L. A. , Baurina S. B.
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the accounting and analytical space of innovation in the gas industry. The methodological framework of the study includes system-functional and economic-statistical analysis, comparison, as well as the elements of the accounting method. The concept of “accounting and analytical support for the activity” is specified, the main elements of the system of accounting and analytical support are considered in the article. Based on the analysis of world experience in organizing cost accounting at gas industry enterprises, the specificity of innovative development of the gas industry is indicated. The features of the accounting and analytical support system for innovative activities in the gas industry are determined. The directions of improving the accounting and analytical support for innovation are proposed. Theoretically substantiated and systematized are the results of a study of a set of issues related to the formation of the accounting and analytical space for innovation in the gas industry. The results of the study may be of interest to the specialists and the managers of gas industry enterprises when defining the development strategies; as well as the experts of analytical groups in the preparation of the information-analytical studies on the development directions of the domestic hydrocarbon market.
FSBu 25/2018 “Accounting for Leases”   and IFRS 16 “Leases”: A comparative Analysis of Key Provisions
Authors: Plotnikov V. S. , Plotnikova O. V.
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of accounting reflection of rental relations, which has been the subject of discussion by professional accountants for more than 100 years. At present, more standards are devoted to this problem in world practice than to other accounting objects. Nevertheless, a number of issues remain unresolved. The methodological framework of the study is based on a comparative description of the provisions of IFRS 16 “Leases” and FSBU 25/2018 “Accounting for Leases” and includes a new institutional theory, Conceptual framework for the presentation of financial statements. The research methodology provides for the reclassification of balance sheet items, which allows for significant structural information regarding the reflection of rental objects. The analysis revealed the following differences in standards: the Russian FSBU 25/2018 unreasonably introduces accounting for leasing transactions into the financial lease accounting system; insufficiently convincingly and without proper evidence the issues of identification of financial lease accounting objects are covered. The prospective direction of accounting for financial leases is the possibility of reflecting the property transferred by the lessee as an element of the cost of financial capital, at the same time, the tenant’s long-term obligations should be recognized as existing obligations. The practical significance of the study is determined by the possibility of reducing the level of debt in the balance of the parties to the lease transaction.
On the Standardization of Ratio Analysis  of Russian Economic Entities Financial Reports
Authors: Korolev O. G.
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the possibility of standardization of ratio analysis of Russian economic entities fnancial statements. The author uses the methods of logical analysis, observation, generalization, classifcation and abstract-logical approach to indicators and liquidity ratios to conclude that all the groups of traditionally calculated fnancial ratios require revision based on the specifc activities of economic entities under consideration and the industry to which they belong. Standardization of approaches to economic analysis and analysis of fnancial statements, in particular, should be balanced and built on the basis of individual and personalized assessment of the position and the performance of a company. It makes the assessment of fnancial condition, performance results and economic prospects of Russian companies more reliable. The application of abstract-logical approach when considering the formation of professional judgment of an external user of the fnancial statements about the level of liquidity and solvency of Russian companies allows the author to draw a conclusion that the standardization of ratio analysis demands the further development of the analysis methods.
Index Model in Analytic Design of Proft from Sales
Authors: Pantina T. A. , Rastov M. A.
Published: January 2020

Analytical design is the concept of designing a sequence of analytical procedures that ensures the use of all the possibilities of fnding ways and identifying key areas for improving the business. The article is devoted to the issues of eliminating fragmentation and standardization of analytical research of sales profts as an indicator of systemic problems of business effcien cy. The methodological basis of the study is the concept of analytical design with a focus on designing such a sequence of analytical procedures, which ensures the proper study of the causal relationships that determine the change in the indicator under study. The method uses a numerical sales proft model, presented using medium-sized index systems and multiplier-additive calculations that provide a link between the calculation of relative and absolute changes in the study of their signifcant factors, such as the proftability and sales volumes of certain types of products, as well as the ratios between them. It is concluded that the index method is key in the variety of products, numerous customers, markets and distribution channels of the company. Incorporating the developed index model intoa standardized analytical sales proft design signifcantly enhances the ability to optimize the range of goods (servicesand redistribute priorities in customer relationships, allowing to form a system of key performance indicators to monitorthe business performance of the employees, departments and the organization as a whole.
Experience in Generating Non-Financial Reports in Enterprises
Authors: Moiseeva E. N.
Published: January 2020

Current economic conditions, integration processes and the increased international cooperation challenge large enterprises to implement and develop the principles of transparency of accountability. In this regard, the development, implementation and use of a standardized list of non-financial indicators is relevant. Despite the absence of a single approved definition of non-financial reports or non-financial indicators, this topic is actively discussed not only by the analysts from the point of view of possible investments or assessment of the well-being of a particular company, but also government agencies and the academic community. Given the importance of publishing of non-financial indicators and reports to monitor the activities of economic actors, specific recommendations have been made to develop a single regulatory document in the form of a standard for the publication of information. The composition of the indicators for the inclusion in the standard and the structure of the reports is proposed. Implementation of the proposals outlined in the article will allow to strengthen the regulation of organizations at the economic, environmental and social levels, to increase the level of corporate relations with the society.
Performance analysis of ambiguity resolution on PPP and relative positioning techniques: consideration of satellite geometry
Authors: OGUTCU Sermet
Published: January 2020

Ambiguity resolution plays an important role in surveying using Precise Point Positioning (PPP) and relative positioning techniques that require high accuracy. In this study, ambiguity resolution performance of PPP and relative positioning under the unobstructed (with 7° cut-off angle) and constrained environment (with 25° cut-off angle, such as nearby buildings and street-canyons) using final/ultra-rapid orbit and clock products are investigated for different observation time. Seventeen globally distributed stations and six baselines of lengths from 270 km to 2100 km are chosen for conducting PPP and relative positioning, respectively. A 31-day period in January 2018 is chosen for processing using 24-, 12-, 6-, 4-, 2- and 1-h observations. The results indicate that sub-mm to cm levels of improvement in horizontal and vertical coordinate components are generally observed with ambiguity resolution for PPP and relative positioning techniques compared to the float counterparts. Moreover, accuracy degradation of ambiguity resolution compared to float solution is observed generally in the vertical component using the 25° elevation cut-off angle for both techniques. As the observation time increases, the accuracy improvements from ambiguity resolution decrease for each technique. In addition, fixing to the wrong integer ambiguities are generally seen with a short observation time and a 25° elevation cut-off angle for both techniques due to the poor satellite geometry. As far as baseline length in relative technique is concerned, the testing results show that there is no direct relation between baseline length and the accuracy improvement from ambiguity resolution compared to the float solution. The results also reveal that the coordinates obtained from ambiguity resolution does not significantly change in the relative technique using final or ultra-rapid orbit/clock products, whereas the changes in PPP are significant for most of the stations.
ANALISIS PROSPEK DAN KEMAMPUAN KESIAPAN KERJA (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Ekonomi UPGRIS)
Authors: Nugraha Aryan Eka Prastya
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis prospek kerja mahasiswa pendidikan ekonomi UPGRIS dalam berbagai bidang keahlian dan kemampuan di pasar tenaga kerja global menggunakan analisis work skill development (WSD). Work Skill Development terdiri dari enam aspek keterampilan inisitaif, teknologi, belajar, manajemen, problem solving dan komunikasi. Total partisipan / responden dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin sebesar 96 mahasiswa dari 126 mahasiswa semester 7. Hasil menunjukkan hasil analisis berdasar gender dengan jumlah perempuan 84 dan laki–laki 12. Secara deskriptif menunjukkan hasil bahwa kecenderungan kesiapan kerja lebih besar pada perempuan dengan skor tertinggi adalah 35, skor terendah 9. Berdasarkan skor empiris, skor tertinggi pada responden laki – laki adalah 23 dan skor terendah 17. Independent Sample T-test menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,002 lebih kecil dari taraf signifikansi 5 % bahwa terdapat perbedaan kesiapan kerja pada responden perempuan dan laki - laki. Berdasarkan nilai mean kesiapan kerja responden perempuan lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan responden laki - laki, nilai mean perempuan lebih besar dari laki - laki 32,3> 28,6. Kesiapan kerja responden berada pada poin tinggi, yang artinya responden/ mahasiswa perempuan dan laki - laki dianggap siap kerja, walaupun pada perempuan memiliki kesiapan kerja yang lebih tinggi. Prospek dari calon mahasiswa sebetulnya sudah mulai terbentuk ketika mereka menjajaki bidang keahliannya, kebutuhan akan pengajar atau pendidik sekolah menengah khususnya dalam bidang kejuruan masih sangat besar. Kemampuan kesiapan kerja mereka dikatakan masih memerlukan banyak pembelajaran dalam bidang soft skill.Kata Kunci : Work Skill Development, soft skill, kesiapan kerja
RELEVANSI RENCANA PEMBELAJARAN DALAM INTERNATIONAL STANDAR ORGANIZATION (ISO) 9001:2008 TERHADAP RENCANA PEMBELAJARAN DALAM STANDAR PROSES SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN (SMK)
Authors: Setiawan David Firna
Published: January 2020

Improving the quality, relevance and standardization in education through ISO 9001: 2008 certification must comply with national education standards. This article aims to analyze the relevance of the implementation lesson plan in the ISO 9001: 2008 standard with the implementation plan of learning in the Constitution Number 20 years 2003 about National Education System, Government Regulation Number 19 years 2005 about National Education Standards, and Government Regulation Number 32 about amendment of Government Regulation Number 19 Year 2005 about National Education Standards. The results of the analysis show that there is no significant difference in lesson plan. So the ISO 9001: 2008 standard is relevant applied in vocational high School.
MANAJEMEN LABORATORIUM KOMPUTER DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI SURAT MENYURAT ( Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Administrasi Perkantoran Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi UPGRIS )
Authors: Istiyaningsih Rumiyatun
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK             Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prasarana dan sarana meliputi manajemen Laboratorium komputer dalam pengembangan surat meyurat            Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan pada Prodi Pendidikan Ekonomi Universitas PGRI Semarang.subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester 5  yang telah melakukan praktek surat menyurat tahun ajaran 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 34 orang. Metode pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber.            Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa 1) Prasarana dan sarana di laboratorium administrasi perkantoran masih belum sesuai dengan standar yang seharusnya berada di ruang laboratorium, 2) Perencanaan manajemen laboratorium dilakukan pada awal tahun pelajaran yang melibatkan ketua program studi dan kepala laboratorium, 3) Kurangnya tenaga pengelola laboratorium sehingga adanya rangkap tugas, seperti kepala laboratorium Program studi merangkap sebagai teknisi laboratorium, 4) Pengawasan dilakukan oleh koordinator laboratorium dengan meminta bantuan kepada guru pengguna. Pengawasan yang digunakan adalah pengawasan preventif yaitu dengan memasang tata tertib di dinding ruang laboratorium, 5) Hambatan dalam manajemen laboratorium adalah belum adanya kerjasama laboratorium dalam kegiatan magang yang di lakukan oleh universitas. Kata Kunci : prasarana dan sarana, manajemen laboratorium
PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA UMKM
Authors: Indiworo Hawik Ervina
Published: January 2020

AbstrakIndustri UMKM di  Indonesia  saat ini begitu  pesat, hal ini terbukti dengan  sektor UMKM  mampu bertahan pada saat krisis ekonomi. Disamping  faktor  pendidikan,  munculnya  persoalan  perempuan    tidak  dapat dipisahkan  dari  faktor-faktor  ideologi,  struktural  dan  kultural,  ketiganya  saling  terkait menguatkan  suatu  situasi  yang  sangat  tidak  menguntungkan  perempuan. Peran  serta  wanita dalam berbagai sektor sangat tinggi, sesuai dengan kelebihan-kelebihan yang  dimiliki  wanita  seperti  tekun,  teliti,  ulet,  sabar,  jujur,  tangguh,  rasa tanggung jawab tinggi, kemauan keras, semangat tinggi dan disiplin. Oleh sebab itu pemerintah perlu memberikan pembinaan kepada UMKM yang dikelola perempuan dengan bantuan kredit lunak  dan  membekali  dengan  pelatihan  kewirausahaan  maupun  manajemen  sehingga  UMKM  yang dikelola perempuan bisa berkembang dengan baik. Kata Kunci: perempuan, usaha kecil menengah mikro
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA BERBASIS PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Rochman Noor
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model desa wisata berbasis pemberdayaan masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi literatur dari berbagai sumber ilmiah.Pembangunan wisata berbasis masyarakat (community based tourism-CBT) merupakan model pembangunan yang memberikan peluang yang sebesar-besarnya kepada masyarakat pedesaan untuk berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan pariwisata. Pemberdayaan masyarakat sangat diperlukan dalam pengembangan desa wisata. Pemberdayaan adalah peran aktif masyarakat yang dituntut untuk maju atau tidaknya desa wisata tersebut. Peran aktif disini adalah dalam mempersiapkan diri untuk menerima dan melayani tamu/wisatawan yang berkunjung dengan kekhasan yang akan disuguhkan kepada mereka. Tanpa peran aktif masyarakat maka tidak akan tercapai slogan pengembangan desa wisata tersebut. Peran aktif masyarakat juga diperlukan dalam pengembangan desa wisata berkelanjutan dan kelestarian sumberdaya alam yang ada di desa wisata tersebut. Dengan menemukan dan mengenal karakter dan kemampuan masyarakat dapat ditentukan jenis dan tingkatan pemberdayaan masyarakat agar tepat dan berhasil guna. Disamping itu juga untuk menemukan dan mengenali tingkat kesediaan masyarakat menerima kegiatan wisata yang akan dikembangkan di wilayah tersebut sebagai bentuk partisipasi masyarakat. Kata Kunci : pemberdayaan masyarakat, desa wisata