bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired and bristled microparticles for ultrasensitive pressure and strain sensors
Authors: Yin Bing , Liu Xiaomeng , Gao Hongyan , Fu Tianda , Yao Jun
Published: November 2018

Biological sensory organelles are often structurally optimized for high sensitivity. Tactile hairs or bristles are ubiquitous mechanosensory organelles in insects. The bristle features a tapering spine that not only serves as a lever arm to promote signal transduction, but also a clever design to protect it from mechanical breaking. A hierarchical distribution over the body further improves the signal detection from all directions. We mimic these features by using synthetic zinc oxide microparticles, each having spherically-distributed, high-aspect-ratio, and high-density nanostructured spines resembling biological bristles. Sensors based on thin films assembled from these microparticles achieve static-pressure detection down to 0.015 Pa, sensitivity up to 121 kPa−1, and a strain gauge factor >104, showing supreme overall performance. Other properties including a robust cyclability >2000, fast response time ~7 ms, and low-temperature synthesis compatible to various integrations further indicate the potential of this sensor technology in applying to wearable technologies and human interfaces.
Predicting Dirac semimetals based on sodium ternary compounds
Authors: Peng Bo , Yue Changming , Zhang Hao , Fang Zhong , Weng Hongming
Published: November 2018

Predicting new Dirac semimetals, as well as other topological materials, is challenging since the relationship between crystal structure, atoms and band topology is complex and elusive. Here, we demonstrate an approach to design Dirac semimetals via exploring chemical degree of freedom. Based on understanding of the well-known Dirac semimetal, Na3Bi, three compounds in one family, namely Na2MgSn, Na2MgPb, and Na2CdSn, are located. Furthermore, hybrid-functional calculations with improved accuracy for estimation of band inversion show that Na2MgPb and Na2CdSn have the band topology of Dirac semimetals. The nontrivial surface states with Fermi arcs on the (100) and (010) surfaces are shown to connect the projection of bulk Dirac nodes. Most importantly, the candidate compounds are dynamically stable and have been experimentally synthesized. The ideas in this work could stimulate further predictions of topological materials based on understanding of existing ones.
Inversion and computational maturation of drug response using human stem cell derived cardiomyocytes in microphysiological systems
Authors: Tveito Aslak , Jæger Karoline Horgmo , Huebsch Nathaniel , Charrez Bérénice , Edwards Andrew G. , Wall Samuel , Healy Kevin E.
Published: November 2018

While cardiomyocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stems cells (hiPSCs) hold great promise for drug screening, the electrophysiological properties of these cells can be variable and immature, producing results that are significantly different from their human adult counterparts. Here, we describe a computational framework to address this limitation, and show how in silico methods, applied to measurements on immature cardiomyocytes, can be used to both identify drug action and to predict its effect in mature cells. Our synthetic and experimental results indicate that optically obtained waveforms of voltage and calcium from microphysiological systems can be inverted into information on drug ion channel blockage, and then, through assuming functional invariance of proteins during maturation, this data can be used to predict drug induced changes in mature ventricular cells. Together, this pipeline of measurements and computational analysis could significantly improve the ability of hiPSC derived cardiomycocytes to predict dangerous drug side effects.
Sequence Analysis of the Fusion Protein Gene of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Circulating in China from 2003 to 2014
Authors: Song Jinhua , Wang Huiling , Ng Teresa I. , Cui Aili , Zhu Shuangli , Huang Yanzhi , Sun Liwei , Yang Zifeng , Yu Deshan , Yu Pengbo , Zhang Hong , Zhang Yan , Xu Wenbo
Published: November 2018

The human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) fusion (F) protein is important for HRSV infection, but few studies have examined the genetic diversity of the F gene from Chinese samples. In this study, a total of 330 HRSV F sequences collected from different regions of China between 2003 and 2014 were analyzed to understand their genetic characteristics. In addition, these sequences were compared with 1150 HRSV F sequences in Genbank from 18 other countries. In phylogenetic analysis, Chinese HRSV F sequences sorted into a number of clusters containing sequences from China as well as other countries. F sequences from different genotypes (as determined based on the G gene sequences) within a HRSV subgroup could be found in the same clusters in phylogenetic trees generated based on F gene sequences. Amino acid analysis showed that HRSV F sequences from China and other countries were highly conserved. Of interest, F protein sequences from all Chinese samples were completely conserved at the palivizumab binding site, thus predicting the susceptibility of these strains to this neutralizing antibody. In conclusion, HRSV F sequences from China between 2003 and 2014, similar to those from other countries, were highly conserved.
The mitochondrial genome of Endoconidiophora resinifera is intron rich
Authors: Zubaer Abdullah , Wai Alvan , Hausner Georg
Published: November 2018

Endoconidiophora resinifera (=Ceratocystis resinifera) is a blue-stain fungus that occurs on conifers. The data showed that the Endoconidiophora resinifera mitochondrial genome is one of the largest mitochondrial genomes (>220 kb) so far reported among members of the Ascomycota. An exceptional large number of introns (81) were noted and differences among the four strains were restricted to minor variations in intron numbers and a few indels and single nucleotide polymorphisms. The major differences among the four strains examined are due to size polymorphisms generated by the absence or presence of mitochondrial introns. Also, these mitochondrial genomes encode the largest cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene (47.5 kb) reported so far among the fungi. The large size for this gene again can be attributed to the large number of intron insertions. This study reports the first mitochondrial genome for the genus Endoconidiophora, previously members of this genus were assigned to Ceratocystis. The latter genus has recently undergone extensive taxonomic revisions and the mitochondrial genome might provide loci that could be applied as molecular markers assisting in the identification of taxa within this group of economically important fungi. The large mitochondrial genome also may provide some insight on mechanisms that can lead to mitochondrial genome expansion.
Nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from lowland rice cultivation with urea deep placement and alternate wetting and drying irrigation
Authors: Islam S. M. Mofijul , Gaihre Yam Kanta , Biswas Jatish Chandra , Singh Upendra , Ahmed Md. Nayeem , Sanabria Joaquin , Saleque M. A.
Published: November 2018

Urea deep placement (UDP) and the alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation method are two promising rice production technologies. However, studies on the impact of UDP under AWD irrigation on nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) emissions are limited. In this study, the effects of UDP with AWD irrigation on these emissions, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and rice yields are investigated, compared to conventional broadcast application. N2O and NO emissions from three fertilizer treatments – no nitrogen, UDP, and broadcast application of prilled urea (PU) – were measured. Measurements were taken using an automated gas sampling and analysis system continuously for two consecutive Boro (dry) rice seasons. N2O emission peaks were observed after broadcast application of PU but not after UDP. In contrast, large spikes in N2O emission were observed after UDP, compared to broadcast application, during dry periods. Despite differences in emission peaks, seasonal cumulative N2O emissions from UDP and broadcast treatments were similar. However, NO emissions were minimal and unaffected by UDP or AWD. UDP increased rice yields by 28% and N recovery efficiency by 167%, compared to broadcast urea. This study demonstrates that UDP with AWD irrigation can increase yields and NUE without increasing N2O and NO emissions.
A polysaccharide-peptide with mercury clearance activity from dried fruiting bodies of maitake mushroom Grifola frondosa
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Jiang Xuezhen , Zhao Shuang , Zheng Xiaojie , Lan Jin , Wang Hexiang , Ng Tzi Bun
Published: November 2018

Mercury is considered to be “a global pollutant” and raises concern worldwide. Once mercury enters the body, it will be distributed all over the body but will accumulate in the brain, kidney and liver. To date, no substance originating from edible fungi capable of adsorbing mercury has been reported. We found that the mushroomGrifola frondosaexhibited mercury adsorption capacity. A polysaccharide-peptide (GFPP), displaying the unique N-terminal amino acid sequence of APPGMHQKQQ and 7 partial sequences with high reliability obtained by LC-MS/MS, was isolated by hot-water extraction of its fruiting bodies followed by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. Two rat models were employed to determine the dose and the duration of HgCl2treatment (given by acute administration or continuous treatment) to test ifG. frondosacould promote mercury elimination. For rats subjected to acute treatment with HgCl2, both GFPP andG. frondosafruiting bodies (GFFF) could accelerate the decline of blood mercury level, which fell precipitously by 50% on the second day. GFPP and GFFF also promoted elimination of the burden of mercury in the liver and kidneys. For rats receiving continuous HgCl2treatment,G. frondosaprevented the progressive increase of blood mercury level, and kept the blood mercury level within a relatively stable range.
PECAM/eGFP transgenic mice for monitoring of angiogenesis in health and disease
Authors: Winkler Florian , Herz Katia , Rieck Sarah , Kimura Kenichi , Hu Tianyuan , Röll Wilhelm , Hesse Michael , Fleischmann Bernd K. , Wenzel Daniela
Published: November 2018

For the monitoring of vascular growth as well as adaptive or therapeutic (re)vascularization endothelial-specific reporter mouse models are valuable tools. However, currently available mouse models have limitations, because not all endothelial cells express the reporter in all developmental stages. We have generated PECAM/eGFP embryonic stem (ES) cell and mouse lines where the reporter gene labels PECAM+ endothelial cells and vessels with high specificity. Native eGFP expression and PECAM staining were highly co-localized in vessels of various organs at embryonic stages E9.5, E15.5 and in adult mice. Expression was found in large and small arteries, capillaries and in veins but not in lymphatic vessels. Also in the bone marrow arteries and sinusoidal vessel were labeled, moreover, we could detect eGFP in some CD45+ hematopoietic cells. We also demonstrate that this labeling is very useful to monitor sprouting in an aortic ring assay as well as vascular remodeling in a murine injury model of myocardial infarction. Thus, PECAM/eGFP transgenic ES cells and mice greatly facilitate the monitoring and quantification of endothelial cells ex vivo and in vivo during development and injury.
Optimised LAMP allows single copy detection of 35Sp and NOSt in transgenic maize using Bioluminescent Assay in Real Time (BART)
Authors: Hardinge Patrick , Kiddle Guy , Tisi Laurence , Murray James A. H.
Published: November 2018

Loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) has been widely used to amplify and hence detect nucleic acid target sequences from various pathogens, viruses and genetic modifications. Two distinct types of primer are required for LAMP; hairpin-forming LAMP and displacement. High specificity arises from this use of multiple primers, but without optimal conditions for LAMP, sensitivity can be poor. We confirm here the importance of LAMP primer design, concentrations and ratios for efficient LAMP amplification. We further show that displacement primers are non-essential to the LAMP reaction at certain concentrations providing accelerating loop primers are present. We investigate various methods to quantify DNA extracts from GM maize certified reference materials to calculate the target copy numbers of template presented to the LAMP reaction, and show that LAMP can amplify transgenic promoter/terminator sequences in DNA extracted from various maize GM events using primers designed to target the 35S promoter (35Sp) or NOS terminator (NOSt) sequences, detection with both bioluminescence in real-time (BART) and fluorescent methods. With prior denaturation and HPLC grade LAMP primers single copy detection was achieved, showing that optimised LAMP conditions can be combined with BART for single copy targets, with simple and cost efficient light detection electronics over fluorescent alternatives.
RELACS nuclei barcoding enables high-throughput ChIP-seq
Authors: Arrigoni Laura , Al-Hasani Hoor , Ramírez Fidel , Panzeri Ilaria , Ryan Devon Patrick , Santacruz Diana , Kress Nadia , Pospisilik John Andrew , Bönisch Ulrike , Manke Thomas
Published: November 2018

Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) is an invaluable tool for mapping chromatin-associated proteins. Current barcoding strategies aim to improve assay throughput and scalability but intense sample handling and lack of standardization over cell types, cell numbers and epitopes hinder wide-spread use in the field. Here, we present a barcoding method to enable high-throughput ChIP-seq using common molecular biology techniques. The method, called RELACS (restriction enzyme-based labeling of chromatin in situ) relies on standardized nuclei extraction from any source and employs chromatin cutting and barcoding within intact nuclei. Barcoded nuclei are pooled and processed within the same ChIP reaction, for maximal comparability and workload reduction. The innovative barcoding concept is particularly user-friendly and suitable for implementation to standardized large-scale clinical studies and scarce samples. Aiming to maximize universality and scalability, RELACS can generate ChIP-seq libraries for transcription factors and histone modifications from hundreds of samples within three days.
Theoretical efficiency limits of ideal coloured opaque photovoltaics
Authors: Halme Janne , Mäkinen Pyry
Published: November 2018

Theoretical analysis connecting photovoltaics and colorimetry reveals the ultimate efficiency limits of colorful single-band-gap solar cells and modules.
A new DNA sensor system for specific and quantitative detection of mycobacteria
Authors: Franch Oskar , Han Xiao , Marcussen Lærke Bay , Givskov Asger , Andersen Marie Bech , Godbole Adwait Anand , Harmsen Charlotte , Nørskov-Lauritsen Niels , Thomsen Jonas , Pedersen Finn Skou , Wang Yilong , Shi Donglu , Wejse Christian , Pødenphant Lone , Nagaraja Valakunja , Bertl Johanna , Stougaard Magnus , Ho Yi-Ping , Hede Marianne Smedegaard , Labouriau Rodrigo , Knudsen Birgitta Ruth
Published: November 2018

In the current study, we describe a novel DNA sensor system for specific and quantitative detection of mycobacteria, which is the causative agent of tuberculosis.
Modulated interlayer charge transfer dynamics in a monolayer TMD/metal junction
Authors: Zhang Linglong , Yan Han , Sun Xueqian , Dong Miheng , Yildirim Tanju , Wang Bowen , Wen Bo , Neupane Guru Prakash , Sharma Ankur , Zhu Yi , Zhang Jian , Liang Kun , Liu Boqing , Nguyen Hieu T. , Macdonald Daniel , Lu Yuerui
Published: November 2018

The interlayer interactions and coupling of mTMD–metal junction determine the performance of the corresponding optoelectronic devices.
A bisubstrate reagent orchestrating adenosine triphosphate andl-tyrosine and making tyrosyl adenylate: partial mimicking of tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase
Authors: Singh Harpreet , Kaur Baljit , Kaur Harpreet , Singh Palwinder
Published: November 2018

Mimicking the catalytic mode of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, the mode of action of reagent1was orchestrated for the formation of 5′-aminoacyl adenylate.
Proton transfer in hydrogen-bonded degenerate systems of water and ammonia in metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Lim Dae-Woon , Sadakiyo Masaaki , Kitagawa Hiroshi
Published: November 2018

Porous crystalline metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging as a new class of proton conductors through the hydrogen-bonded degenerate system.
Color-tunable lanthanide metal–organic framework gels
Authors: Chen Fei , Wang Yong-Mei , Guo Weiwei , Yin Xue-Bo
Published: November 2018

MOF gels with intrinsic emission color are prepared with 5-boronoisophthalic acid and Eu3+, Tb3+, and/or Dy3+. Single-metal gels exhibit trichromatic fluorescence, so full color emissions are readily obtained by tuning the type and/or ratio of Ln3+ ions to prepare mixed-metal gels. Nano-ribbons form from the precursors and then entangle together to generate the gels.
A ferronematic slab in external magnetic fields
Authors: Zarubin Grigorii , Bier Markus , Dietrich S.
Published: November 2018

The magnetization of a suitably prepared ferronematic slab contained between two parallel and planar walls exhibits hysteresis upon application of an external magnetic field and can be reversibly switched off.
Atomic-scale phonon scatterers in thermoelectric colusites with a tetrahedral framework structure
Authors: Suekuni Koichiro , Shimizu Yuta , Nishibori Eiji , Kasai Hidetaka , Saito Hikaru , Yoshimoto Daichi , Hashikuni Katsuaki , Bouyrie Yohan , Chetty Raju , Ohta Michihiro , Guilmeau Emmanuel , Takabatake Toshiro , Watanabe Kosuke , Ohtaki Michitaka
Published: November 2018

Atomic-scale defects/disorded states induced by sulfur sublimation are responsible for reduced lattice thermal conductivity of thermoelectric colusite.
Pd nanoparticle-decorated graphitic C3N4nanosheets with bifunctional peroxidase mimicking and ON–OFF fluorescence enable naked-eye and fluorescent dual-readout sensing of glucose
Authors: Zhang Wenchi , Li Xin , Xu Xuechao , He Yanfang , Qiu Fengxian , Pan Jianming , Niu Xiangheng
Published: November 2018

Pd nanoparticle-decorated graphitic C3N4nanosheets with peroxidase mimicking and ON–OFF fluorescence for the naked-eye and fluorescent dual-readout detection of glucose.
Flexible transformer‐based multilevel inverter topologies
Authors: Ashraf Gandomi Amin , Saeidabadi Saeid , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Babaei Ebrahim , Ashraf Gandomi Yasser
Published: November 2018

Cascaded multilevel inverters (MLIs) have been proposed that utilise transformers in the basic unit. The proposed inverters primarily serve to step up the input voltages in addition to using lower number of components in comparison to traditional MLIs. In order to generate all voltage levels (even and odd) at the output, three different algorithms are proposed to determine the magnitude of DC voltage sources and transformer turn ratios. Also, the basic inverter unit was further developed and two new flexible MLI structures have been obtained. The developed structures increase the input voltage with no need for an additional boost converter. A reduction in the number of power switches, the peak inverse voltage, and the number of DC voltage sources are other advantages of the proposed topologies. Also, a simple cost model was developed and the dimensionless cost coefficient was determined. The overall cost of the proposed MLIs was compared to the similar MLIs from the literature. It was shown that the proposed MLI decrease the overall cost of the system if the cost coefficient is selected appropriately. To verify the performance of the proposed topologies simulated by the mathematical model; several lab‐scale inverters were built and tested and good agreement was achieved.
Covariance control joint integrated probabilistic data association filter for multi‐target tracking
Authors: Zhu Yun , Wang Jun , Liang Shuang , Wang Jue
Published: November 2018

The joint integrated probabilistic data association (JIPDA) filter is effective for automatic multi‐target tracking in cluttered environment. At each time step, the posterior probability density function (PDF) is approximated by a Gaussian PDF to estimate track states. However, JIPDA suffers from the track coalescence problem. When targets are closely spaced, their tracking gates may overlap, so that the track state estimates become biased and tend to coalesce. The authors note that the covariance can influence both the size of the tracking gate and the accuracy of the Gaussian approximation. Therefore, in this study, the posterior PDF is optimised by controlling the covariance to improve the accuracy of the track state estimates. A cost function measuring the track estimate error covariance is developed as the optimisation criterion, and an iterative strategy is adopted for minimising it. Finally, the posterior PDF with the minimal cost function is derived as the desired one. The theoretical analysis and example show that the proposed approach can reduce the extent of tracking gate overlap and improve the accuracy of the Gaussian approximation. Simulation results show that the new approach can handle track coalescence and performs better than the traditional methods.
Optimal configuration of spaceborne bistatic SAR with GEO transmitter and LEO receiver
Authors: Wang Yuekun , Lu Zheng , Suo Zhiyong , Zhu Yu , Li Zhenfang , Zhang Qingjun
Published: November 2018

Spaceborne bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR) with a geosynchronous (GEO) transmitter and a low‐earth‐orbit (LEO) receiver can offer high signal‐to‐noise ratio, fine resolution and large surveillance area, which provides great potential for future Earth observation technology. Nevertheless, due to complex bistatic geometry and big differences of orbital characteristics, the configuration design of GEO‐LEO BiSAR remains a challenge. To address the issue, mathematic models between the indicators related to the imaging performance and the configuration parameters are firstly derived based on the geometry analysis. Then, a general nonlinear multivariate objective function is presented for the desired imaging performance. Accordingly, the configuration design problem can be transformed to solve nonlinear multivariate optimisation equation. A novel optimal configuration design method based on the simulated annealing algorithm is presented. Finally, simulation results are provided for two typical observational missions to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Gaia Data Release 2
Authors: Clementini G. , Ripepi V. , Molinaro R. , Garofalo A. , Muraveva T. , Rimoldini L. , Guy L. P. , Jevardat de Fombelle G. , Nienartowicz K. , Marchal O. , Audard M. , Holl B. , Leccia S. , Marconi M. , Musella I. , Mowlavi N. , Lecoeur-Taibi I. , Eyer L. , De Ridder J. , Regibo S. , Sarro L. M. , Szabados L. , Evans D. W. , Riello M.
Published: November 2018

Context. The Gaia second Data Release (DR2) presents a first mapping of full-sky RR Lyrae stars and Cepheids observed by the spacecraft during the initial 22 months of science operations.

Aims. The Specific Objects Study (SOS) pipeline, developed to validate and fully characterise Cepheids and RR Lyrae stars (SOS Cep&RRL) observed by Gaia, has been presented in the documentation and papers accompanying the Gaia first Data Release. Here we describe how the SOS pipeline was modified to allow for processing the Gaia multi-band (G, GBP, and GRP) time-series photometry of all-sky candidate variables and produce specific results for confirmed RR Lyrae stars and Cepheids that are published in the DR2 catalogue.

Methods. The SOS Cep&RRL processing uses tools such as the period–amplitude and the period–luminosity relations in the G band. For the analysis of the Gaia DR2 candidates we also used tools based on the GBP and GRP photometry, such as the period–Wesenheit relation in (G, GRP).

Results. Multi-band time-series photometry and characterisation by the SOS Cep&RRL pipeline are published in Gaia DR2 for 150 359 such variables (9575 classified as Cepheids and 140 784 as RR Lyrae stars) distributed throughout the sky. The sample includes variables in 87 globular clusters and 14 dwarf galaxies (the Magellanic Clouds, 5 classical and 7 ultra-faint dwarfs). To the best of our knowledge, as of 25 April 2018, the variability of 50 570 of these sources (350 Cepheids and 50 220 RR Lyrae stars) has not been reported before in the literature, therefore they are likely new discoveries by Gaia. An estimate of the interstellar absorption is published for 54 272 fundamental-mode RR Lyrae stars from a relation based on the G-band amplitude and the pulsation period. Metallicities derived from the Fourier parameters of the light curves are also released for 64 932 RR Lyrae stars and 3738 fundamental-mode classical Cepheids with periods shorter than 6.3 days.
Les universités françaises au milieu du gué
Authors: Cornu Pierre
Published: November 2018

Depuis le lancement il y a plus de vingt ans de la politique d’harmonisation et d’intégration de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche à l’échelle européenne, les universités françaises sont entrées dans un processus continu de réformes qui a certes puissamment contribué à les ouvrir et à les connecter à l’économie globale de la connaissance, mais qui les a également fragilisées et divisées, remettant en cause leur aptitude à contribuer aux défis scientifiques et éducatifs posés par le changement global. Trop exclusivement considéré du point de vue de ses enjeux institutionnels et budgétaires, ce processus d’extraversion du modèle universitaire français doit être restitué dans ses enjeux épistémologiques et dans son inscription dans l’histoire de l’idée d’université, pour permettre une sortie par le haut des crispations actuelles sur le modèle de l’excellence académique.
Ideal oil and protein crops – what are users ideotypes, from the farmer to the consumer?
Authors: Tonin Perrine , Gosselet Nathalie , Halle Emélie , Henrion Marjorie
Published: November 2018

Oil & protein ideotypes might be “ideal” in terms of agronomy, they cannot be grown if they do not meet a demand. And while plant breeding takes years to develop new varieties, consumers can change their habits very quickly. Understand the “ideal” crops from the downstream point of view is therefore of paramount importance for R&D. In this review, we look at the current and what may be the future demands for the oil and protein crops. Because of diversity of products and consumers around the world, we chose to focus on French and Western Europe productions and markets: 1) consumers are in a quest for quality, traceability and sustainability (economic, social and environmental) with specific focus on GMO-free and organic demands. Some go vegan and more and more people switch from animal to vegetal protein intakes. And they want to rethink the agriculture model. 2) The food industry must adapt to all these demands while develop solutions for technological obstacles and remain cost-competitive. 3) The farmer needs crop profitability that relies on high and steady yields, eco-friendly and cost-competitive crop management techniques and decent price.
Mobile Angebote für Geflüchtete
Authors: Heim Eva , Burchert Sebastian , Wenger Andreas
Published: November 2018

E-Mental-Health-Angebote haben großes Potenzial, um Menschen in unterversorgten
Gebieten mit niederschwelligen psychotherapeutischen Angeboten zu erreichen,
insbesondere Geflüchtete. Solche Ansätze werden in verschiedenen Ländern
getestet. Therapeutische Interventionen wie Verhaltensaktivierung oder
Entspannungstechniken eignen sich gut und können an den kulturellen und sozialen
Kontext angepasst werden.
Kidney Injury and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Liver Failure
Authors: Bonavia Anthony , Singbartl Kai
Published: November 2018

The liver and kidney are key organs of metabolic homeostasis in the body and display complex interactions. Liver diseases often have direct and immediate effects on renal physiology and function. Conversely, acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common problem in patients with both acute and chronic liver diseases. AKI in patients with acute liver failure is usually multifactorial and involves insults similar to those seen in the general AKI population. Liver cirrhosis affects and is directly affected by aberrations in systemic and renal hemodynamics, inflammatory response, renal handling of sodium and free water excretion, and additional nonvasomotor mechanisms. Subsequent problems, for example, worsening ascites, hyponatremia, and AKI, often complicate management of patients with chronic progressive liver disease and add to their morbidity and mortality. Thus, AKI must be carefully defined and diagnosed in patients with liver disease. The kidney also plays a pivotal role in balancing acid–base disturbances resulting from advanced liver disease, making AKI in the setting of end-stage liver disease very difficult to manage clinically. While renal dysfunction in these patients often resolves following orthotopic liver transplant, dialysis may be required as a bridge to transplantation to mitigate the metabolic disarray found in these critically ill patients.
Oncological Outcomes of Open Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy in Ireland: A Single Surgeon's 5-Year Experience
Authors: Croghan Stefanie , Matanhelia Deep , Foran Ann , Galvin David
Published: November 2018

Objectives There is a little published data on the outcomes of radical prostatectomy in the Irish context. We aimed to determine the 5-year oncological results of open radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) performed by a single surgeon following appointment.

Methods A retrospective review of RRPs performed between 2011 and 2016 was conducted. Patient demographics, preoperative parameters (clinical stage on digital rectal exam, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, biopsy Gleason's score and MRI [magnetic resonance imaging] findings), pathological variables (T-stage, Gleason's score, nodal status, and surgical margin status), and treatment decisions (lymphadenectomy or adjuvant radiotherapy) were recorded. Oncological outcome at last follow-up was ascertained.

Results 265 patients underwent RRP between 2011 and 2016. Median age was 62 years (range: 41–74). Mean follow-up was 32.24 months (range: 8–72) months. Pathological disease stage was T2 in 170/265 (64.15%), T3a in 65/265 (24.53%), and T3b in 30/265 (11.32%). Final Gleason's score was upgraded from diagnostic biopsy in 16.35% (43/263) and downgraded in 27% (71/263). Pelvic lymph node dissection was performed in 44.25% (118/265) patients. A positive surgical margin (PSM) was seen in 26/170 (15.2%) patients with T2 disease and in 45/95 (47.37%) patients with T3 disease. Of the 265 patients, 238 (89.81%) were disease-free at last follow-up, of whom 24/238 (10.08%) had received adjuvant and 17/238 (7.14%) received salvage radiotherapy. Adjuvant/salvage treatment was ongoing in 19/265 (7.17%) of patients.

Conclusion Good oncological outcomes of RRP in the Irish context are seen in this 5-year review, with the vast majority of patients experiencing biochemical-free survival at most recent follow-up.
Renormalizable enhanced tensor field theory: The quartic melonic case
Authors: Ben Geloun Joseph , Toriumi Reiko
Published: November 2018

Tensor field theory is the quantum field theoretic counterpart of tensor models and enhanced tensor field theory enlarges this theory space to accommodate “enhanced tensor interactions.” These interactions were introduced to explore new large N limits and to probe different phases for tensor models. We undertake the multi-scale renormalization analysis for two types of enhanced theories with rank d tensor fields ϕ:(U(1)D)d→C and with the so-called quartic “melonic” interactions of the form p2aϕ4 reminiscent of derivative couplings expressed in momentum space. Scrutinizing the degree of divergence of both theories, we identify generic conditions for their renormalizability at all orders of perturbation at high momenta, i.e., the ultraviolet regime. For the first type of theory, we identify a 2-parameter space of just-renormalizable models for generic (d, D). These models have dominant non-melonic four-point functions. Finally, by specifying the parameters, we detail the renormalization analysis of the second type of model which is more exotic: it exhibits an infinite family of logarithmically divergent two-point amplitudes and all four-point amplitudes are convergent.
Effects of penetration level and location of wind turbines on shadow prices and congestion of transmission lines
Authors: Entezariharsini Azam , Ghiasi Seyyed Mohammad Sadegh , Mehrjerdi Hasan
Published: November 2018

This paper studies the effects of wind power on electricity market parameters. The penetration level of wind energy, location of wind turbines, and integration of multiple wind turbines are the main topics addressed in this paper. Flow-gate marginal pricing is the main electricity market concept which is analyzed and studied. Stochastic programming including wind power uncertainty is presented to minimize the annual operational cost of generators. The Flow-gate marginal pricing of transmission lines is also calculated. The Flow-gate marginal pricing is scrutinized under various wind power sizing, siting, and settings. The location, number, and capacity of wind turbines are changed to find out their impacts on the network Flow-gate marginal pricing. The proposed analyses and simulations are carried out using general algebraic modeling system software.
Series solutions of Heun-type equation in terms of orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Alhaidari A. D.
Published: November 2018

We introduce a nine-parameter Heun-type differential equation and obtain three classes of its solution as series of square integrable functions written in terms of the Jacobi polynomial. The expansion coefficients of the series satisfy three-term recursion relations, which are solved in terms of orthogonal polynomials with continuous and/or discrete spectra. Some of these are well-known polynomials while the others are either new or modified versions of the known ones.
Anomalous Hall effect in polycrystalline Mn3Sn thin films
Authors: Ikeda Tomoki , Tsunoda Masakiyo , Oogane Mikihiko , Oh Seungjun , Morita Tadashi , Ando Yasuo
Published: November 2018

A polycrystalline Mn3Sn thin film was fabricated on a Si/SiO2 substrate by radio frequency magnetron sputtering with co-deposition from Mn and Sn targets followed by a thermal annealing process in vacuum. From a structural analysis by transmission electron microscopy, the Mn2Sn phase was found to co-exist in the film. The thin film exhibited weak ferromagnetic behavior, and the saturation magnetization, MS, of the ferromagnetic component of the Mn3Sn phase was about 10 emu/cc at room temperature, which is six times larger than the reported value for bulk Mn3Sn single crystals. MS significantly increased below 250 K, corresponding to the Curie temperature of Mn2Sn. An anomalous Hall effect (AHE) was observed in the film in the examined temperature range of 50 K to 350 K. The anomalous Hall conductivity, σAH, was negative at room temperature like the bulk Mn3Sn, and the estimated value of –18.5 Ω−1·cm−1 was comparable to that of the bulk Mn3Sn. The sign of AHE was changed to positive below 240 K, which might be caused by the co-existing Mn2Sn phase. We thus concluded that a large AHE in antiferromagnetic materials was observed in a thin film form of Mn3Sn.
Dynamically adjustable spin component scaled second order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory for strongly correlated molecular systems
Authors: Maitra Rahul
Published: November 2018

We present a novel spin-component scaled Møller-Plesset second order (MP2) perturbation theory [S. Grimme, J. Chem. Phys. 118, 9095 (2003)] in which the singlet and triplet correlation channels are dressed in a dynamical manner over the entire molecular potential energy surface. In order to strike the right balance between the short and long range correlation, the different correlation channels are scaled by two complementary functions without introducing any external parameter: while the singlet channel contribution to correlation energy is attenuated with increasing strong correlation of the system, the triplet channel contribution is amplified. We have justified our approach from physical reasoning as well as a few numerical examples with some difficult systems, like symmetric stretching of water and nitrogen molecules, which clearly demonstrate the efficacy of this method in describing the molecular potential energy surface, even in the strongly correlated regions where the conventional MP2 and its other variants disastrously fail.
Global spacetime similarity
Authors: Fletcher Samuel C.
Published: November 2018

There are two classes of topologies most often placed on the space of Lorentz metrics on a fixed manifold. As I interpret a complaint of Geroch [Relativity (Plenum, 1970), p. 259 and Gen. Relativ. Gravitation 2, 61 (1971)], however, neither of these standard classes correctly capture a notion of global spacetime similarity. In particular, Geroch presents examples to illustrate that one, the compact-open topologies, in general seems to be too coarse, while another, the open (Whitney) topologies, in general seems to be too fine. After elaborating further the mathematical and physical reasons for these failures, I then construct a topology that succeeds in capturing a notion of global spacetime similarity and investigate some of its mathematical and physical properties.
Langmuir wave decays into O-mode and ICW in Earth's magnetosphere with inhomogeneous magnetic field
Authors: Shahid M. , Maehmood Sana , Mehmood Sobia , Mir Zahid , Jamil M.
Published: November 2018

The parametric decay of Langmuir waves into ordinary waves (O-mode) and low frequency ion cyclotron waves is studied in the Earth's magnetosphere plasma. An evolution of a density gradient due to the non-uniform ambient magnetic field is taken care of. The fluid model is employed to investigate the linear and nonlinear responses of plasma species to the coupled field of three waves in magneto-plasmas. It is observed that the magnetic field gradient modifies the dispersion relations of both electrostatic and electromagnetic waves. The nonlinear growth rate of the parametric instability is calculated by coupling the dispersion relations of pump and side band modes. The normalized growth rate is analyzed numerically for different sets of parameters under typical conditions. It is noticed that the gradient in the magnetic field contributes as a significant energy source to enhance the growth rate of the three wave interaction.
Neural network diabatization: A new ansatz for accurate high-dimensional coupled potential energy surfaces
Authors: Williams David M. G. , Eisfeld Wolfgang
Published: November 2018

A new diabatization method based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) is presented, which is capable of reproducing high-quality ab initio data with excellent accuracy for use in quantum dynamics studies. The diabatic potential matrix is expanded in terms of a set of basic coupling matrices and the expansion coefficients are made geometry-dependent by the output neurons of the ANN. The ANN is trained with respect to ab initio data using a modified Marquardt-Levenberg back-propagation algorithm. Due to its setup, this approach combines the stability and straightforwardness of a standard low-order vibronic coupling model with the accuracy by the ANN, making it particularly advantageous for problems with a complicated electronic structure. This approach combines the stability and straightforwardness of a standard low-order vibronic coupling model with the accuracy by the ANN, making it particularly advantageous for problems with a complicated electronic structure. This novel ANN diabatization approach has been applied to the low-lying electronic states of NO3 as a prototypical and notoriously difficult Jahn-Teller system in which the accurate description of the very strong non-adiabatic coupling is of paramount importance. Thorough tests show that an ANN with a single hidden layer is sufficient to achieve excellent results and the use of a “deeper” layering shows no clear benefit. The newly developed diabatic ANN potential energy surface (PES) model accurately reproduces a set of more than 90 000 Multi-configuration Reference Singles and Doubles Configuration Interaction (MR-SDCI) energies for the five lowest PES sheets.
Performance estimation of Savonius wind and Savonius hydrokinetic turbines under identical power input
Authors: Talukdar Parag K. , Kulkarni Vinayak , Saha Ujjwal K.
Published: November 2018

In the context of energy crisis, extensive depletion of fossil fuel, and climate change, the vertical-axis Savonius-type wind or hydrokinetic turbines appear to be promising candidates to extract energy from wind or free-flowing water because of their superior self-starting capability and design simplicity. The present investigation focuses on comparative analysis between Savonius wind turbines (SWTs) and Savonius hydrokinetic turbines (SHTs) at the same input power. To accomplish this, two configurations are considered, viz., 2-bladed and 3-bladed turbine designs having semicircular blade profiles. Experimental studies revealed that the SWTs operate in a slightly wider range of tip-speed ratios than the SHTs. It is also observed that, like SHTs, 2-bladed SWTs result in an improved (47%) peak power coefficient (CPmax) than 3-bladed SWTs. In line with this, the computational studies, conducted to complement the experimental analysis, showed the superiority of 2-bladed SWTs over the 3-bladed SWTs. Both experimental and computational analyses reveal that the SHTs and SWTs show identical drag and lift characteristics for given kinetic energy of the inlet fluid stream.
Characteristic analysis of operation curve of energy storage system considering typical weather conditions to suppress photovoltaic power fluctuation
Authors: Shi Huiqing , Wang Ruolan
Published: November 2018

By mining the typical operating curve of an energy storage system, an understanding of the overall characteristics of the charge–discharge power of the system can be attained and a decisive support for the capacity allocation of the system can be provided. This paper proposes a typical operation curve mining algorithm based on a cloud model for the application scenario of using an energy storage system to suppress the power fluctuation of a photovoltaic (PV) power station. The frequency distribution of the charge–discharge power of the energy storage system in a longitudinal time series is decomposed into several cloud models with different granularities. By weighting and summing the expected values of the normal cloud model group, the typical operating curve of the energy storage system is obtained. To analyze the power distribution of the energy storage system and the typical operating curve under six typical weather types, a nonparametric estimation method was adopted to fit the power value distribution and the fitting deviation was calculated. The rationality of the extracted typical operating curve is verified and the capacity of the energy storage system is determined according to the obtained curve. The typical operating curve is used to configure the energy storage capacity of a 40 MWp PV plant and the result is 4.4984 MW·h, i.e., approximately 4.5 MW·h, which represents 11.25% of the installed capacity of the PV plant. This energy storage capacity affords a 95% probability of meeting the daily capacity requirements of the system. This shows that mining the typical operating curve is a valid method for configuring the energy storage capacity of a PV power station. Using the simulation examples, the effectiveness and the correctness of the method proposed in this paper are verified to provide theoretical support for the capacity allocation of energy storage systems.

The authors of the article agree to the retraction of the article effective AUGUST 25, 2021.
Spin-momentum locked interface in nearly metallic system detected using circularly polarized light
Authors: DeJarnette Drew
Published: November 2018

Circularly polarized light in the visible regime incident at an oblique angle on a copper/bismuth interface is found to generate spin-polarized current with coherent spin directions.
Hydrogels Containing the Ferri/Ferrocyanide Redox Couple and Ionic Liquids for Thermocells
Authors: Russo Matthew , Warren Holly , Spinks Geoffrey M. , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Pringle Jennifer M.
Published: November 2018

Thermoelectrochemical cells are a promising new technology for harvesting low-grade waste heat. The operation of these cells relies on a redox couple within an electrolyte, which is most commonly water-based, and improvement of these materials is a key aspect of the advancement of this technology. Here, we report the gelation of aqueous electrolytes containing the K3Fe(CN)6/K4Fe(CN)6 redox couple using a range of different polymers, including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Cmc), polyacrylamide (PAAm), and two commercial polyurethane-based polymers: HydroMed D640 and HydroSlip C. These polymers produce quasi-solid-state electrolytes with sufficient mechanical properties to prevent leakage, and allow improved device flexibility and safety. Furthermore, the incorporation of various ionic liquids within the optimized hydrogel network is investigated as a route to enhance the electrochemical and mechanical properties and thermal energy harvesting performance of the hydrogels.
Can a critical reading of Zoopolis by Donaldson and Kymlicka lead to advocating dialogue between animal rights theorists and zoologists?
Authors: Lunney Daniel
Published: November 2018

This essay is a zoologist’s response to Zoopolis. A political theory of animal rights by Donaldson and Kymlicka (2011). What drew me to look at their new approach was that geography played a part in conceptualising animal communities and, in particular, the specific focus on wild animals and urban wildlife. To oversimplify, Donaldson and Kymlicka say, much of the debate operates within one of three basic moral frameworks: a welfarist, an ecological and a basic rights approach, but none has proved capable of fundamental change. That change will only be possible, they consider, if we can develop a new moral framework that connects the treatment of animals more directly to the fundamental principles of liberal–democratic justice and human rights. A major point of agreement between zoologists and Donaldson’s and Kymlicka’s views is that animals deserve more than being over-ridden at every encounter with human interests. A major stalling point in advocating a dialogue between animal rights theorists and zoologists is where Donaldson and Kymlicka accept the animal rights position at the outset, rather than letting their thesis play out to see what their position might be for each geographic zone and for each species. Also, it is clear that Donaldson’s and Kymlicka’s starting point is the traditional animal rights agenda, which rules out animal research as morally illegitimate. The conservation of Australia’s fauna could not survive in that regime. Consequently, I cannot advocate dialogue between animal rights theorists and zoologists from a critical reading of Zoopolis.