bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Health System Resilience in responding to a pandemic: experience and lessons from an evolving context of federalization in Nepal
Authors: Regmi Shophika , Bertone Maria Paola , Shrestha Prabita , Sapkota Suprich , Arjyal Abriti , Martineau Tim , Raven Joanna , Witter Sophie , Baral Sushil
Published: May 2023

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has tested the resilience capacities of health systems worldwide and has highlighted the need to understand the concept, pathways, and elements to resilience in different country contexts. In this study, we assessed the health system response to COVID-19 and examined the processes of policy formulation, communication and implementation at the three tiers of government in Nepal, including the dynamic interactions between tiers. Nepal was experiencing the early stages of federalization reform when COVID-19 pandemic hit the country and clarity in roles and capacity to implement functions were the prevailing challenges especially among the subnational governments.
Methods
We adopted a cross-sectional exploratory design, using mixed methods. We carried out a document review of all policy documents introduced in response to COVID-19 from January-December 2020, and collected qualitative data through 22 key informant interviews at three tiers of government, during January-March 2021. Two municipalities were purposively selected for data collection in Lumbini province. Our analysis is based on a resilience framework that has been developed by our research project, ReBUILD for Resilience, which helps to understand pathways to health system resilience through absorption, adaptation and transformation.
Results
In the newly established federal structure, the existing emergency response structure and plans were utilized, which were yet to be tested in the decentralized structure. Federal government effectively led the policy formulation process, with minimal engagement of sub-national governments. The local governments did not demonstrate resilience capacities, due to the novelty of the federal system and their consequent lack of experience, confusion on roles, insufficient management capacity and governance structures at local level and limited availability of human, technical and financial resources.
Conclusions
The study findings emphasize the importance of strong and flexible governance structures and strengthened capacity of subnational governments to effectively manage pandemics. The study elaborates on the key areas and pathways that contribute to resilience capacities of health systems from the experience of Nepal. We draw out lessons for other fragile and shock-prone settings.
Does the congenital blind have space-time mapping on the sagittal axis?
Authors: Hao Fengxiao , Shi Lingzheng , Sun Qiang , Che Lu , Jiang Yuewen , Huang Zhenyi , Cheng Xiaorong , Fan Zhao , Ding Xianfeng
Published: May 2023

Previous evolutionary perspectives proposed strongly that the space-time mapping on the sagittal axis originates from visual-locomotor coupling when walking/running forward. Thus, the congenital blind could not have the sagittal mental timeline. However, this conclusion was reached with single empirical evidence (Rinaldi et al., 2018) and requires corroboration from converging evidence using diverse methodologies. The present study systematically explored whether the congenital blind has space-time mapping on the sagittal axis using different paradigms in three experiments. In Experiment 1, the congenital blind showed preferred space-time mapping in the sagittal dimension as normal sighted using a typical implicit RT task. In Experiment 2, this space-time mapping could even occur automatically when using a temporal judgment irrelevant naming task. In Experiment 3, the congenital blind was more likely to put the past time behind the body and to put the future time in front of the body in an explicit space-time mapping task. Moreover, most blinds use spatial metaphors to make this space-time mapping on the sagittal axis. These results support that the congenital blind could have a sagittal mental timeline, and the visual-locomotor coupling experience was not critical for this space-time mapping. Taken together, the present study helps to clarify the long-standing debate on the origin of the sagittal mental timeline.
The challenge of assessing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): An umbrella review on the PTSD prevalence following different types of traumatic events
Authors: Schincariol Alexa , Orrù GRaziella , Otgaar Henry , Sartori Giuseppe , Scarpazza Cristina
Published: May 2023

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most serious and incapacitating mental diseases that can result from trauma exposure. However, despite its relevance, there is still considerable confusion and debate surrounding its diagnosis. The aim of this umbrella review is to clarify the overall prevalence of PTSD. Furthermore, the study examined whether the diagnostic methodology applied (self-reported vs structured interviews) and the nature of the traumatic event (interpersonal vs not interpersonal) impact on PTSD prevalence. A systematic search of major databases and additional sources was conducted. Fifty-nine reviews met the criteria of this umbrella review. Overall PTSD prevalence was 23.95% (95% CI 20.74 - 27.15), with no publication bias or significant small-study effects, but a high level of heterogeneity between meta-analyses. Findings suggest that using structured clinical interviews results in a lower PTSD prevalence than using of self-report instruments, while no difference was found in the disorder prevalence when confronting interpersonal and non-interpersonal events. This analysis gives a solid foundation for future research and PTSD assessment.
Biodiversity-production feedback effects lead to intensification traps in agricultural landscapes
Authors: Burian Alfred , Kremen Claire , Wu James , Beckmann Michael , Bulling Mark , Garibaldi Lucas , Krisztin Tamas , Mehrabi Zia , Ramankutty Navin , Seppelt Ralf
Published: May 2023

Intensive agriculture with high reliance on pesticides and fertilizers constitutes a major strategy for ‘feeding the world’. However, such conventional intensification is linked to diminishing returns and can result in ‘intensification traps’ – production declines triggered by the negative feedback of biodiversity loss at high input levels. We developed a novel framework that integrates biodiversity in crop-yield assessments to evaluate risk and magnitude of intensification traps. Simulations grounded in literature reviews demonstrated that intensification traps emerge in most agricultural landscapes (73%), but rarely in major calorie production systems. Small reductions in maximal production by just 5–10% could be frequently transmitted into substantial biodiversity gains, resulting in small-loss large-gain trade-offs prevailing in landscapes with and without intensification traps. However, systematic sensitivity analyses revealed a strong context-dependence complicating the identification of optimal management practices at the field level. Hence, management safety margins need to be considered to prevent the double loss of biodiversity and food security linked to intensification traps.
Petrosal Artery in Middle Fossa Approach: Rare Entity
Authors: Turkis Omer Furkan , Karadag Ali , Özdemir Ahmet Faruk , Tanriover Necmettin
Published: May 2023

Purpose In middle fossa approach, middle meningeal artery is sacrified during the surgery but, sacrification of this artery sometimes disrupts the supply of the ganglion geniculate, causing facial nerve palsy. The aim of this study is to show the petrosal artery that originates from the middle meningeal artery and feeds the ganglion geniculate, which can be seen very rarely in surgical and cadaver dissections.Method In Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Micro-Endoneurosurgery and Neuroanatomy Laboratory, the middle fossa approach was applied with the help of a microscope on 2 silicone-injected cadavers with classical methods. Each stage of the dissections was 3D photographed.Result After temporal craniotomy, the foremen spinosum and the middle meningeal artery (OMA) were reached by retraction of the temporal lobe. Mandibular and maxillary branches of trigeminal nerve were exposed after going on dissecting anterior to foramen spinosum. Sometimes these structures may be covered with bone tissue and light drilling may be required for dissection. After greater petrosal nerve and ganglion geniculate are exposed, arcuate eminence is pierced approximately 60 degrees medially, and internal acoustic canal is opened superiorly and 7–8. nerve bundle is reached.Conclusion OMA gives rise to the petrosal artery, a branch that supplies the ganglion geniculate. If the OMA is to be sacrificed during surgery, this should be done above the petrosal artery level so that the arterial supply of the ganglion geniculate is not impaired. Preservation of the petrosal artery is important in neurosurgery practice.
Concomitant cancer surgery and risk-reducing surgery for noninvasive breast cancer diagnosed during surveillance for undiagnosed hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome: A case report
Authors: Tanaka Aya , Matsumoto Megumi , Takao Mami , Miura Shoko , Hasegawa Yuri , Otsubo Ryota , Hayashi Hiroko , Isomoto Ichiro , Miura Kiyonori , Nagayasu Takeshi
Published: May 2023

Background: In Japan, genetic testing, surveillance, and risk-reducing surgery for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome have been covered by the Japanese national insurance system since April 2020. On the other hand, the current situation is that medical care, including surveillance of undiagnosed (cancer-free) patients, is self-funded even for individuals with HBOC. We report a case in which breast cancer was diagnosed at an early stage during surveillance for cancer-free HBOC at the patient's own expense, and risk-reducing surgery was performed at the same time as treatment for breast cancer.
Case presentation: The patient was a 63-year-old woman. Her sister had a history of breast cancer in her 30s and was found to be a BRCA2 pathogenic variant carrier by genetic testing. The patient therefore presented to the genetic department of our hospital and underwent genetic testing (out-of-pocket). A pathogenic variant was found at the same site. During annual breast and ovarian surveillance at the patient’s own expense, the physician with sufficient expertise in contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) noticed a change in the contrast enhancement pattern on breast MRI and performed needle biopsy, revealing ductal carcinoma in situ. At her request, she underwent concurrent contralateral risk-reducing mastectomy and risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in addition to breast cancer treatment.
Conclusions: We have seen a case in which cancer treatment and risk-reducing surgery were performed at the same time for a pathogenic variant carrier who was very anxious about developing cancer. Surveillance of cancer-free BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and expansion of insurance coverage for surgery are important future issues.
Risk Factors of Hospitalization and Mortality among Hajj Pilgrims in Indonesia
Authors: Ardiana Meity , Paramitha Annisya Dinda , Shabrina Farah Aisha , Harsoyo Primasitha Maharany
Published: May 2023

Objectives
The incidence of hospitalization in Hajj pilgrims can be influenced by age, physical activity, and comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes melitus. Smoking, low levels of physical activity, cardiovascular, respiratory and endocrine metabolic diseases are the risk factors of mortality for Indonesian pilgrims. This study aims to identify the relationship between risk factors owned by pilgrims with hospitalization and mortality that occurs during the Hajj period.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional, non-intervention study with data retrieved from the pre-embarkation Hajj screening records. The diagnosis of hospitalization and cause of death during the Hajj period were obtained from the medical report and hospital/flight doctor death certificate.
Results
A total of 2933 eligible subjects were analyzed in this study, with 11 subjects having a history of hospitalization. The 11 subjects were over 50 years old with male (n=6, 54.5%) and women (n=5, 45.4%) having almost the same number. Bivariate analysis for comorbidities and laboratory outcomes resulted in diabetes melitus as the only comorbidity that increases the risk for hospitalization in Hajj pilgrims (p=0.035). There was no association between existing comorbidities with mortality during the Hajj period. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that higher white blood cell levels were associated with higher risk of both hospitalization (p<0.001) and mortality (p<0.001) with mean value of 8030 ± 5290 mg/dl.
Conclusions
The risk factors associated with the hospitalization rate of pilgrims in Indonesia are a history of diabetes mellitus and higher white blood cell levels. Pilgrims with higher white blood cell levels with a mean value of 8030 ± 5290 mg/dl also have an increased risk of mortality during Hajj period.
Semantic Segmentation Algorithm for Autonomous Driving using UNET Architectures: A Comparative Study
Authors: Subhedar Javed , Bachute Mrinal , Koundal Deepika , Kotecha Ketan
Published: May 2023

In autonomous driving systems, the semantic segmentation task involves scene partition into numerous expressive portions by classifying and labeling every image pixel for semantics. The algorithm used for semantic-segmentation has a vital role in autonomous driving architecture. The main contribution of this paper is the design of UNET architecture for the semantic-segmentation algorithm of autonomous driving. We address semantic image segmentation by the images captured using the open-source Car Learning to Act (CARLA) simulator platform for this research work. Semantic segmentation processes images from the camera obtained from the simulated vehicle for classification into multiple classes, including roads, cars, bikes, lanes, bicycles, trees, sky, etc. This study is intended to capture the merits of the U-NET semantic segmentation Algorithms for autonomous driving using the Keras framework. The proposed algorithm was evaluated on a dataset generated using CARLA simulation software and the CAMViD dataset for different metrics.
Synthesis of Rizatriptan Analogues via the Fischer Indole Synthesis in the Presence of Sustainable Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Catalyst
Authors: Raya Indah , Altimari Usama S. , Alami Baraa G. , Srika Seelam , Gatea M. Abdulfadhil , Romero-Parra Rosario Mireya , Barboza-Arenas Luis Andres , Mustafa Yasser Fakri
Published: May 2023

In this research, a facile and efficient protocol for the synthesis of rizatriptan analogues using natural deep eutectic solvents as an inexpensive, easily available, and environmentally friendly catalyst is developed. The reaction of various phenyl hydrazines (a–j) and 3,3-dimethoxy-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine (2) using natural deep eutectic solvents affords fused indole heterocyclic compounds under optimised conditions at 70°C to produce the desired products with excellent to good yields (77–89%) at short reaction times (1 h). This new facile methodology Compared with previous reactions, has the advantages of a reusable catalyst, short reaction times and simplicity of the product isolation.
Analysis of inter-layer crack propagation and strength prediction of steel bridge deck asphalt pavement based on XFEM-CZM coupling
Authors: ZHU Chen , Wang Hongchang
Published: May 2023

The extended finite method (XFEM) is used to simulate the internal defects of the binder layer, and the cohesion model (CZM) is used to simulate the binder layer/steel plate interface and the binder layer/asphalt pavement interface, which are coupled to analyze the inter-layer type I crack expansion and interfacial debonding and delamination phenomena of the binder layer. The feasibility and accuracy of the XFEM-CZM coupling method were verified by comparing it with Virtual Crack Closure Method (VCCT), CZM, XFEM-VCCT, and experiments. A double cantilever beam experimental model was established to simulate the process of inter-ply type I cracks expanding from the inside of the bonded layer to the interface between the bonded layer and the upper and lower layers and causing debonding, to analyze the damage failure mechanism of inter-ply type I cracks in asphalt pavement of steel bridge decks, and to discuss the effects of initial crack length, interface stiffness, interface strength and bond layer thickness on the overall inter-ply bond strength performance. The results show that the inter-layer strength decreases with the increase of initial crack length, and the expansion angle increases with the increase of crack length; the interface strength, interface stiffness, and bond layer thickness have obvious influence on the inter-layer strength and less influence on the expansion path of inter-layer cracks.
Evaluation of flavaspidic acid BB from Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott against resistant Staphylococcus haemelyticus in planktonic and biofilm forms
Authors: Liu Jiaxin , Liu Ruijie , Deng Rongrong , Zheng Shiqian , Shen Zhibin
Published: May 2023

Background Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus) is the main etiological factor in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI). S. haemolyticus infections are an important concern worldwide, especially with the associated biofilms and drug resistance. Herein, we investigated the inhibitory effect of Flavaspidic acid BB obtained from plant extractions on clinical S. haemolyticus strains and their biofilms. Moreover, we predicted its ability to bind to the protein-binding site by molecular simulation. Since the combination of Hsp70 and RNase P synthase after molecular simulation with flavaspidic acid BB is relatively stable, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to investigate Hsp70 and RNase P synthase to verify the potential antimicrobial targets of flavaspidic acid BB.Results The minimal inhibition concentration value of 16 clinical strains of S. haemolyticus was 5 ~ 480 µg/mL, and flavaspidic acid BB had a slightly higher inhibitory effect on the biofilm than MUP. The inhibitory effect of flavaspidic acid BB on biofilm formation was better with an increase in the concentration of BB. Molecular simulation verified its ability to bind to the protein-binding site. The combination of ELISA kits showed that the bacteriostatic activity of flavaspidic acid BB may be achieved by inhibiting the utilization and re-synthesis of proteins and synthesis of tRNA, thus inhibiting bacterial growth and biofilm formation to a certain extent.Conclusions This study could potentially provide a new prospect for the development of flavaspidic acid BB as an antibacterial agent for resistant strains.
Comparison of early surgical outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection in a single centre: A cohort study
Authors: Sultana Momotaz , Butnari Valentin , Mansuri Ahmer , Rao Christopher , Kaul Sandeep , Boulton Richard , Huang Joseph , Rajendran Nirooshun
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Robotic platforms provide a stable tool with high-definition views and improved ergonomics compared to laparoscopic approaches. Purpose The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the intra- and short-term postoperative results of oncological resections performed robotically (RCR) and laparoscopically (LCR) at a single centre. Methods Between February 2020 and October 2022, retrospective data on RCR were compared to LCR undertaken during the same period. Parameters compared include total operative time (TOT), length of stay (LOS), re-admission rates, 30-day morbidity. Results 100 RCR and 112 LCR satisfied inclusion criteria. There was no difference between the two group’s demographic and tumour characteristics. Overall, median operative time was shorter in LCR group [200 vs 247.5 min,p < 0.005], but this advantage was not observed with pelvic and muti-quadrant resections. There was no difference in the rate of conversion [5(5%) vs 5(4.5%),p > 0.9]. With respects to perioperative outcomes, there was no difference in the overall morbidity, or mortality between RCR and LCR, in particular requirement for blood transfusion [3(3%) vs 5(4.5%),p 0.72], prolonged ileus [9(9%) vs 15(13.2%),p 0.38], surgical site infections [5(4%) vs 5(4.4%),p > 0.9] anastomotic leak [7(7%) vs 5(4.4%),p 0.55], and re-operation rate [9(9%) vs 7(6.3%),p 0.6]. RCR had shorter LOS by one night, but this did not reach statistical significance. No difference was observed in completeness of resection but there was a statically significant increase in lymph node harvest in the robotic series. Conclusion Robotic approach to oncological colorectal resections is safe, with comparable intra- and peri-operative morbidity and mortality to laparoscopic surgery.
The pace of life expectancy gains in China 2000-2019, in compare with developed countries
Authors: Zhang Leyi , Sun Lijuan
Published: May 2023

Background
The slowing pace of LE gains at elder ages of China compared to that of developed countries is found. We aim to describe and analyze the gap of LE at birth and elderly between China and developed countries by comparing LE gains.
Methods
The LE of China is estimated by log-quadratic model, and data of developed country is obtained from HMD. The LE age-specific decomposition and LE gains by level of LE is used to explain the gap between China and developed countries.
Results
During the study period, the LEB gap between China and developed countries exhibited a decreasing trend. However, the LE60 gap among men increased by 0.6 year, while it decreased by 1.2 years among women. The reduction in the LEB gap 2000–2009 in China was primarily attributed to significant improvements in child and adult mortality, from 2010 to 2019, the increase in LEB in China is gradually dominated by the mortality improvement of the elder ages. Moreover, the comparison of LEB gains by level of LEB shows the LEB gains of Chinese men decreased from being substantially higher than that of developed countries to becoming comparable with it, while the LEB of Chinese female also decreased significantly but remained relatively higher; the LE60 gains of Chinese male approached, while that of female of China remained higher than that of developed countries.
Conclusion
The study indicates that the pace of male LEB and at elder ages gains in China is close to that of developed countries, and that of female are still faster in recent years. In the future, the gaps of LEB and at elder ages between China and developed countries will both show a decreasing trend.
Do the effects of the DIP payment reform work for patients in the same city who are not yet covered by the reform? Evidence from Guangzhou, China
Authors: Wang Yuhao , Huang Xiaoqing , Xu Xin , Wang Lina , Lu Nana , Xu Wei
Published: May 2023

Background
The Reform of medical insurance payment methods is one of the crucial measures for controlling irrational medical practices. In China, the National Health Insurance Administration requires a full switch from the existing fee-for-service payment to DRG or DIP payments by 2025. Guangzhou, a city with a more developed economy and abundant medical resources in China, has completed the DIP payment reform for local-insured patients since 2018. However, patients from other-insured-region have not yet been included in the reform and still retain fee-for-service payment. This paper intends to prove that if DIP payment reform for local patients has made some effects and can these effects be simultaneously applied to the other-insured-region patients who are not covered by the payment reform.
Methods
The data in this paper were obtained from the database of basic medical insurance for urban employees of local and the other-insured-region patients in Guangzhou provided by the Guangzhou Healthcare Security Administration from 2017 to 2019. We used the average inpatient cost and the average rate of cost belonging to the medical insurance catalog to evaluate the changes in inpatient costs and reimbursement levels for both groups of patients before and after implementing the DIP payment reform. Single-group and multi-group interrupted time series were used to analyze the indicators.
Results
(1) After the DIP payment reform, local patients’ average inpatient costs fluctuated less between months compared with those before the policy implementation. (2) The average rate of cost belonging to the medical insurance catalog for local patients reflected a short- and long-term decreasing trend after the policy implementation, suggesting that patients’ burden increased and patients failed to enjoy the reform dividends. (3) The average inpatient costs of the other-insured-region patients were higher than those of local patients before and after the policy. The restraining effect on medical costs of the other-insured-region patients was not significant. (4) The average rate of cost belonging to the medical insurance catalog of the other-insured-region patients was lower than that of local patients, and after the implementation of the policy, although this indicator showed a significant downward trend in the long-term trend, but for some diseases was equal to or even higher than that of local patients.
Conclusions
On one hand, DIP payment reform for local patients has achieved some success, but still need further strengthening of regulation. On the other hand, the reform’s effect has not been synchronized with the effect on the other-insuerd-region patients. There is a risk that hospitals will pass on the payment reform cost to the other-insuerd-region patients.
Evaluating the carnivorous efficacy of Utricularia aurea on the larval stages of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti
Authors: Mohanty Ajeet Kumar , Govekar Abhishek , Souza Charles , Mohapatra Abhipsa , Janarthanam Malapati Kuppuswamy , Vukanti Raja , Nina Praveen Balabaskaran
Published: May 2023

Background The emergence of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes necessitates the exploration, development and validation of alternative and sustainable biological strategies for controlling mosquitoes in their natural environments.Methods We assessed the predatory effect of Utricularia aurea, an aquatic carnivorous plant found in the Indian sub-continent, Japan, and Australia, on four instar (larval) stages of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus, in the laboratory and field settings.Results In the laboratory, within twelve hours, U. aurea predated ~ 95% of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd instars of the three mosquito species, ~ 80% of the 4th instars of Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi and ~ 60% of 4th instars of Cx. quinquefasciatus. The predatory effect of U. aurea significantly varied among the three mosquito species and their instar stages. The effect of U. aurea on the instars of Cx. quinquefasciatus differed significantly from that on the instars of Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi. The effect of U. aurea on the 4th instars was significantly lower than that on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd instars of the mosquitoes. The effect of U. aurea was higher during the first hour when compared to the other time points; within the first hour, U. aurea predated 58, 45, 61% of 1st instars of Ae. aegypti, An. stephensi, and Cx. quinquefasciatus, respectively. In the field settings, at the end of 16 days, U. aurea predated 71 and 76% of the immature Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi respectively.Conclusion Our findings suggest U. aurea can be utilized as a potential bio-larval control agent in natural environments; however, the current claim warrants additional investigations in different natural transmission settings .
Preoperative psychological competitive ability is associated with emotional states six months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft: A prospective study
Authors: Sengoku Takuya , Nakase Junsuke , Yoshimizu Rikuto , Kimura Mitsuhiro , Kanayama Tomoyuki , Kitaoka Katsuhiko
Published: May 2023

Background
Psychological state has been reported as one of the factors strongly related to return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, its relationship with the emotional state remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether the preoperative psychological competitive ability is related to emotional states preoperatively and six months after ACL reconstruction.
Methods
Patients with a Tegner activity level of six or higher who underwent ACL reconstruction between 2015 and 2020 were divided into two groups according to their scores on the Diagnostic Inventory of Psychological Competitive Ability for Athletes (DIPCA.3) score. The emotional states preoperatively and at six months postoperative were assessed using the Profile of Mood States, 2nd Edition (POMS2) and compared between the groups. In addition, the possibility of returning to sports was compared between the groups based on participation in the entire practice 6 months postoperatively.
Results
Eighty-four patients were included and divided into high (DIPCA.3 score of 4 or higher, n = 23) and low (DIPCA.3 less than 4, n = 61) groups. Vigor-activity and friendliness were significantly higher in the high group than in the low group preoperatively. The difference was even greater at six months after ACL reconstruction. In addition, the high group showed statistically better results postoperatively for fatigue-inertia and total mood disturbance. Return to sports rates did not significantly differ between the groups (high group 56.5% vs. low group 54.1%).
Conclusion
Athletes with higher psychological competitive ability were in a positive emotional state preoperatively and six months after ACL reconstruction. However, psychological competitive ability did not affect the participation rate in the entire practice at 6 months postoperatively.
Non-anatomical double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction combined with modified lateral extra-articular tenodesis in high-grade pivot shift anterior cruciate ligament injury：A retrospective study
Authors: Liu Xu , Li Lingzhi , Yang Haibo , Wang Zhaojun , Xie Xin , Li Zhong , Liu Juncai
Published: May 2023

Background: Both the non-anatomical double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) show superior performance in controlling the rotational stability of the knee. However there are few studies published to investigate the curative effect of non-anatomical DB ACLR combined with LET in high-grade pivot shift anterior cruciate ligament ruptures. This study aims to evaluate the short-term clinical and imaging results of the treatment program and summarize the advantages of the surgical technique.
Method: All the 33 patients we reviewed in this study have accepted the non-anatomical DB ACLR with LET surgery from January 2018 to January 2022 in our Department of Orthopedics. Primary demographic data collected include gender (23 males and 10 females), age (16-37 years, average 23.5 years), BMI (21.8-31.2 kg/m2, average 25.7 kg/m2), follow-up period (12-18 months, average 15.2 months) and injury mechanism (25 sports Injuries and 8 traffic accidents). The assessment of clinical outcomes included pre- and post-operative physical examination, knee functional scores and imaging data.
Result: All patients in this study were followed up with an average 16.8-month (range 12-26 months) follow-up period. 23 patients had a grade 3 pivot shift and 10 had a grade 2 pivot shift. Immediate postoperative pivot shift tests were all negative, and only one case had a grade 1 pivot shift at the final follow-up. All the cases preoperatively had a positive Lachman test and turned negative at the final follow-up. The average ROM improved from 63.2°± 17.9° to 132.8°±3.6 °at the last follow-up (p<0.001); The VAS score decreased from 5.6±1.8 to 0.9±0.7 (p<0.001); the average KT-1000 healthy-side to affected-side difference decreased from 9.3±1.6 mm to 2.2 ± 0.5 mm. The comparison of all the knee functional scores ( IKDC, Tegner scores and Lysholom ) at pre-operative and last follow-up showed a significant difference (p<0.001). None of the cases had operation-related complications except one with slight prepatellar pain.
Conclusion: Non-anatomical double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction combined with modified lateral extra-articular tenodesis is a reliable and recommended treatment for anterior
cruciate ligament rupture with high-grade pivot shift, showing a striking improvement in knee rotational Stability and function in the short-term follow-up.
Study on the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B by g-C3N4 /Bi2Fe4O9 heterojunction photocatalyst
Authors: Qi Shuyan , Guan Ling , Zhang Ruiyan , Wu Shanqiang , Zhang Kaiyao
Published: May 2023

G-C3N4/Bi2Fe4O9 composite photocatalysts were prepared by mechanica mixing-calcination and coprecipitation-hydrothermal method. The heterojunction structure formed by the composite of the two materials made it difficult for photogenerated electrons and holes to reunite, and improved the degradation rate of RhB. At 240 min, 25%-g-C3N4/Bi2Fe4O9 photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 10 mg/L RhB was good, reaching to 87.59%. The reaction rate constant was 0.00674 min-1, which was 2.53 times and 2.32 times that of Bi2Fe4O9 and g-C3N4. Superoxide radical (O2-·) and ·OH were the main active components in the dye degradation process.
Biochemical and molecular fine tuning of antioxidative enzyme in Solanum lycopersicum under the compatible and incompatible interactions with Alternaria solani
Authors: Upadhyay Priti , Singh Prabhash Chandra , Dixit Vineeta
Published: May 2023

Early blight caused by Alternaria solani has been recognised as a serious threat to tomato crop and can adversely affect its productivity worldwide. Studies have been performed to examine the basis of resistance in tomato crop but the progress is still limited. In the current study variations in the antioxidant parameters of three different tomato genotypes with varied resistance (high resistance, moderate resistance and high susceptibility) against Alternaria solani were observed and compared with the healthy non infected plants. Assays of several enzymes and antioxidants, namely Super oxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were performed along with the expression analysis of genes encoding these enzymes. The enzymes and metabolites showed differential responses in different genotypes, with the highest concentration of H2O2 in Arka Rakshak (AR) leaves (resistant genotype) after 24 hrs of infection. On the other hand, there were significantly lower levels of H2O2 in CO-3 (highly susceptible genotype) and Pusa Ruby (moderately susceptible genotype). Similarly, SOD, APX, and CAT activities were also found to be highest in the inoculated leaves of the AR genotype. The activity of GPX was highest in Pusa Ruby at 72 hr. Hence, it can be concluded that the early blight tolerance in AR was at least partially due to the increased activities of SOD, APX and CAT under infected state as compared to those of Pusa Ruby and CO-3 genotype. The result suggests that there is a correlation between constitutive induced levels of these enzymes and plant resistance which could be considered as a biochemical markers for studying the plant-pathogen compatible and incompatible interactions.
To sleep perchance to dream - not; Nyctophobia from COVID-19 induced hyposmia: A case report
Authors: Kalita Shweta , Birwatkar Drushti , Mehdiratta Nikita , Cosme Rosario , Hirsch Alan Richard
Published: May 2023

Background: Increase awareness of the correlation between nyctophobia and hyposmia in individuals with COVID-19. Fear of sleep (nyctophobia) has been attributed to various conditions ranging from benign nocturnal panic attacks and Morvan's syndrome. Positional dependent hyposmia as an origin of nyctophobia has not heretofore been described.
Case presentation: This 52-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of loss of smell and taste with COVID-19, which returned to 85% of normal. However, her symptoms worsened when she would lie down to 30% of normal but would improve with standing, moving, and sitting. Requiring her to stand for hours before her sense of smell would return led to her nyctophobia that forced her to move around all the time.
Conclusions: Nyctophobia, a fear of positional dependent loss of smell, highlights the importance of smell to a narcissistic perception of self. This can be understood that the olfactory lobe is anatomically part of the limbic system. Deposition of memory engrams is facilitated as manifest with olfactory evoked nostalgia seen in 84% of the general population. The importance of smell is thus intrinsic to an individual's well-being, and the threat of loss of such sensation with a change in position with sleep was the precipitating event leading to nyctophobia in this subject. Assessing for fear of loss of smell in those with nyctophobia, especially with past COVID-19 infection, allows for an increased understanding of etiology and indicates potential treatment approaches.
Significance of Worst Pattern of Invasion 5 in Early-Stage Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mohamed Shima , Jawad Hadeel , Sullivan Ryan O' , Callanan Deirdre , Sheahan Patrick , Feeley Linda
Published: May 2023

Background
There is an ongoing need to identify pathologic prognosticators in early-stage oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) to aid selection of patients who may benefit from adjuvant treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic ability of worst pattern of invasion 5 (WPOI-5) defined by the presence of satellite nodules, extratumoural perineural invasion (PNI) and/or extratumoural lymphovascular space invasion (LVI) in low-stage, node negative OCSCC.
Methods
Retrospective study of 160 patients with T1/T2N0 tumours staged using TNM7 treated surgically. Histologyof the primary tumour was re-reviewed as appropriate to assess for the presence of WPOI-5 parameters. Univariate and multivariate analysis assessing impact of pathological features on survival outcomes was performed
Results
On univariate analysis WPOI-5 and it’s 3 constituent components of satellite nodules, extratumoural PNI and extratumoural LVI were all significantly associated with disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS). On multivariate analysis satellite nodules (odds ratio, 3.58, 95% CI 1.34, 9.55, p=0.01) and extratumoural LVI (odds ratio 10.94, CI 2.22, 53.79, p=0.003) were independently associated with OS. Postoperative radiotherapy was also significantly associated with OS on multivariate analysis (odds ratio 0.42, CI 0.19, 0.89, p=0.02).
Conclusion
Satellite nodules and extratumoural LVI correlated significantly with survival outcomes in our early-stage OSCC cohort. Further study is required to investigate the benefit of adjuvant treatment in these cases and to ascertain if worst pattern of invasion-5 parameters should be mandatory reporting data elements.
Effect mono-ADP-ribosylation on lipid metabolism of colorectal cancer by regulating IGFBP1 methylation
Authors: Wang ChuanLing , Tang Yi , Zhang ShuXian , Xiao Ming , Li Ming , Yang Lian , Li QingShu , Li Xian , Wang YaLan
Published: May 2023

In the global health community, colon cancer (CRC) is a major concern, with a high rate of incidence. Epigenetics is recognized as one of the causes of CRC development and progression. Mono-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation) is a type of epigenetics, although the modification level and the target protein in CRC remain unclear. We previously reported that the MARylation of arginine-117 of histone 3 (H3R117) promotes the proliferation, upregulates methylation of tumor suppressor gene, and is tightly associated with the metabolic processes in LoVo cells. Lipid metabolism disorder is involved in the development of CRC at the early stage. Our study revealed that MARylation of H3R117 of the LoVo cells modulated lipid metabolism, increased cholesterol synthesis, promoted lipid raft (LR) protein IGF-1R distribution, and inhibited cell apoptosis through IGFBP1. In addition, bioinformatics analyses revealed that the IGFBP1 promoter was hypermethylated in CRC when compared to that in normal tissues. Moreover, H3R117 MARylation upregulated the methylation of IGFBP1 promoter through histone H3 citrullination (H3cit) by increasing the H3K9me2, heterochromatin protein1 (HP1), and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) enrichment of IGFBP1 promoter. Accordingly, IGFBP1 may function as a tumor suppressor gene, while H3R117 MARylation may promote CRC development. Our study findings enrich the available data on epigenetics of CRC and provide a new idea and experimental basis for H3R117 MARylation as a target in CRC treatment.
Ultra-broadband illusion acoustics for space and time camouflages
Authors: Liu Chenkai , Ma Chu , Lai Yun , Fang Nicholas
Published: May 2023

Invisibility cloaks that can suppress wave scattering by objects have attracted a tremendous amount of interest in the past two decades. In comparison to prior methods that were severely limited by narrow bandwidths, here we present a practical strategy to suppress sound scattering across an ultra-broad spectrum by leveraging illusion metamaterials. Consisting of a collection of subwavelength tunnels with precisely crafted internal structures, this illusion metamaterial has the ability to guide acoustic waves around the obstacles and accurately recreate the incoming wavefront on the exit surface. Remarkably, two ultra-broadband illusionary effects are produced: “disappearing space” and “time shift”. Sound scatterings are removed at all frequencies below a limit determined by the tunnel width, as confirmed by full-wave simulations and acoustic experiments. Our approach establishes a metamaterial platform that enables the long-desired ultra-broadband sound manipulation such as acoustic camouflage and reverberation control, opening up exciting new possibilities in practical applications.
Contribution of Sentinel-5P satellite images for the monitoring of aerosol particles in Benin
Authors: GBODJINOU Yéhounko Bruno Buffon , ZAKARI Soufouyane , AKOTON Pérugine , IMOROU Ismaïla TOKO
Published: May 2023

This study aims to map aerosol particles on Beninese territory from Sentinel-5P satellite images. In the absence of a ground-based measurement network, remote sensing becomes the tool for monitoring and predicting air quality to understand the environmental and health risks of aerosol particle emissions into the atmosphere. A total of 36 images of the Sentinel-5P's TROPOMI (TROPO spheric Monitoring Instrument) sensor of the year 2019 were acquired. The methodology adopted and based on the calculation of the aerosol index made it possible to extract the aerosol cards. Thus, the results obtained prove the usefulness of Sentinel-5P images in detecting aerosol particles. The maximum value of the aerosol index was recorded in February (AI = 1.859) for a minimum value of -3.3687, recorded in August. The wet June-July-August period impacts on the distribution of these air pollutants related to the leaching process unlike the dry period February-March-April during which concentrations are maximum. Periods of high concentrations of particles thus present a high risk of respiratory diseases, especially in the northern part of Benin. Measures must therefore be taken to limit respiratory risks during these months of drought through a geographical early warning system by combining ground-based measurements with satellite data for real-time monitoring.
Personal Account of Leadership in an Academic Setting
Authors: Morris Teresa
Published: May 2023

The Combination of intuition, compassion, social skills and direction became my leadership task during two years as a faculty senate chair. I developed my leadership style in an academic setting that was experiencing a period of rapid fundamental change. Both our campus and our university system were going through major leadership changes and shifts in strategic directions. My leadership style in this context was of both the weaver and the warrior. There was a constant need to scan the organization to see who was affected, or disaffected, by change and to build networks between faculty members and decision makers that would give voice to concerns while silencing the meddlers and mischievous.
Effect of Seed Fungicide Treatment, Microelement Fertilizer and Mepiquat Chloride Applications on Yield and Yield Components of Peanut
Authors: YENİKALAYCI Ahmet , ARSLAN Mehmet
Published: May 2023

Seed treatment against soil pests and soil-borne pathogenic fungi, foliar application of microelement and mepiquat chloride at flowering and after flowering periods promise to increase peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield. A two-year field study was conducted to test this hypothesis by seed fungicide and insecticide treatment, foliar micronutrient and mepiquat chloride (Pix) applications at different combinations and different growth stages of peanut in the eastern Mediterranean region. The treatments were different combinations of Vitavax (200 g/L Carboxin + 200 g/L Thiram) 400 g/L 100 kg seed, Gaucho (600 g/L Imidacloprid) 800 g/L 100 kg seed, Fertilon Combi (Fe, Zn, B, Mn, Cu, Mn and Mo) 1000 g /ha and Pix (150 cc /ha mepiquat chloride). Peanut seeds were treated with fungicide and insecticide before planting. Microelement fertilizer and Pix combinations were applied at the beginning of flowering, after flowering and at the beginning of flowering + after flowering. The best results for seed kernel ratio, 100 seed weight and pod yield were obtained from Pix + Fertilon Combin treatment after flowering. This treatment was followed by Goucho + Vitavax seed treatment before planting + Pix application after flowering. In this study, it was observed that Goucho + Vitavax seed treatment and Pix, Fertilon Combi and Pix + Fertilon Combi applications at flowering, after flowering and at flowering + after flowering applications generally contributed pod yield increases.
Tarım Arazilerinde Değişime Neden Olan Parametrelerin Google Earth Engine Veri Madenciliği ve WebCBS Aplikasyonu ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKÇIN Hakan , TERCAN KÖSE Rüveyda
Published: May 2023

Tarım arazilerinin, değişen yapısının ve arazi yönetimi için sürdürülebilir modellerin geliştirilebilmesi amacıyla, zamansal olarak değişime neden olan parametrelerin belirlenmesi ve değerlendirilerek kullanılması gerekmektedir. Uzaktan algılama (UA) ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi (CBS)’nin katkısıyla tarım arazileri için uygun modeller geliştirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; tarım alanlarındaki değişimler, Orta Karadeniz bölümünde bulunan Çorum ilinin Merkez ilçesi sınırları içerisinde örnek bir alan seçilerek, Google Earth Engine platformu üzerinden uzaktan algılanmış verilerin veri madenciliği işlemleri ve webCBS uygulamaları için ilgili kodlar yazılarak elde edilen analizler incelenmiştir. Terra Climate uygulamasıyla aylık iklim ve iklimsel su dengesi verileriyle 2020 yılı için aylık iklim değişimi incelenirken, Sentinel-2 verileriyle de arazi sınıflandırması yapılarak bant kombinasyonları ile bitkilerin yoğunlukları, bitki sağlığı tespit edilmiştir. Bitkilerin değişimlerini belirlemek için 2021 yılına ait yedi farklı indeks değeri hesaplanmış, tarım arazilerindeki bitki örtüsü, nem ve su içerikli değişimler değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde; örnek alandaki tarım arazilerinde arazi ısı değişiminde en yüksek sıcaklığın 2021 Eylül ayında, en düşük sıcaklığın ise Şubat ayında gerçekleştiği, tarım arazilerindeki bitki örtüsünün 2021 Nisan, Mayıs, Haziran aylarında orta derece sağlıklı bitki yoğunluğuna sahip iken 2021 Ekim, Kasım, Aralık aylarında sağlıksız ve zayıf bitki yoğunluğuna sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İklim verilerinin incelenmesinden, yağış değerlerinin bölgenin iklim özellikleri de göz önüne alındığında yaz aylarında oldukça düşüş gösterdiği, kış aylarında da yükseldiği görülmüştür. Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü 2021 yılı iklim raporuna göre 2020 yılı Türkiye geneli yer yüzeyi sıcaklık ortalaması 14.9°C iken, çalışma alanında bu sıcaklığın 19.01°C olarak ortalama değerin üzerinde seyrettiği belirlenmiştir.