bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Duration of Growth Spurt based on Cervical Vertebrae Maturation In Indonesia Population
Authors: Pradopo Seno , Nelwan Sindy Cornelia , Dewi Ardianti Maartrina , Wimarizky Amalia , Permana Achmad Nadian , Ibrahim Zurairahbt , Md Yusof Ainuddin Yushar
Published: June 2021

Context: Human development consists of periods of accelerated growth where there is an acceleration ofgrowth followed by a period of slower growth. The timing of pubertal growth spurt and maximal growthrate during this developmental phase is different in boys and girls. The increase in growth rate in girlsusually occurs at the onset of puberty while boys experience a relatively slow increase in growth rate atpuberty.Aims:to compare the differences in the duration of growth spurtbetween girl andboy in Indonesianpopulations in terms of the Cervical Vertebrae Maturation (CVM) seen in the lateral cephalogram. Thisinformation is important to determine the right time and orthodontic treatment plan in order to get maximumtreatment results.Methods and Material: The research variables were divided into 3 types, namely dependent variables(chronological age), independent variables (Cervical Vertebrae Maturation stage, gender). Every sample thatmet the criteria was performed skeletal maturity analysis using Cervical Vertebrae Maturation (CVM) oneach cephalometric photo Skeletal analysis with Cervical Vertebrae Maturation (CVM) by looking at bonematurationResults: There were differences in the mean / mean age of skeletal maturity in terms of changes in CS 3to CS 4 between male and female samples (p <0.05). The male sample required a duration of age to reachmaturity, namely 15.879 months. Meanwhile, the female sample only required the duration of age to reachmaturity, namely 5,184 monthsConclusions:Girls in this study population had a faster growth spurt duration than boys. This is marked by achange in the age of skeletal maturity between the two, which is approximately 10 months apart.
Phenotypic and Molecular Study of Moraxella catarrhalis and their Virulence Genes in Patientswith Respiratory Infections
Authors: Sattar Gaber Ajeel  , Zena M. Qaraghoi
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to investigate of Moraxella catarrhalis in respiratory tract and Virulence Genes. Sixteen(60) swabs were collected from patients suffering from respiratory tract, and were submitted to Baghdadmedical city. The result ahowed three (5%) from 60(100%)patients suffering from respiratory tract positivewith Moraxella catarrhalis with the usp A1, cop B and omp CD. From this study concluded Moraxellacatarrhalis is pathogenic to man if it is isolated from respiratory tract , as well as usp A1 , cop B and ompCD are common in all Moraxella catarrhalis isolates. So, future molecular studies were needed to compareMoraxella isolated as normal flora or pathogen , antibiogram profile should be investigated at molecularlevel and investigation on some virulence factors other than those studied in this thesis
Cuestionario de riesgo de deserción universitaria (CDUe) basado en el modelo ecológico
Authors: Navarro-Roldan Claudia Patricia , Zamudio Sisa Laura Estefanía
Published: June 2021

Antecedentes. La Teoría Ecológica del desarrollo humano permite comprender la deserción universitaria como fenómeno multidimensional y multivariado; pero los cuestionarios existentes no han sido estructurados ni validados bajo esta perspectiva teórica. Objetivo. Construir y validar un cuestionario para evaluar el riesgo percibido de deserción en estudiantes universitarios, desde la percepción de las incongruencias en los procesos de interacción del estudiante y sus entornos ecológicos próximos y distales que generan incumplimiento de las expectativas de formación profesional. Metodología. Estudio psicométrico con enfoque empírico-analítico, de tipo cuantitativo, metodología descriptiva, con medidas transversales individuales. Se usó muestreo probabilístico estratificado para seleccionar 729 estudiantes, de dos universidades colombianas. Resultados. La estructura factorial del cuestionario explica el 38% de la varianza, con 49 ítems (α>,68; w>,67), agrupados en cinco escalas (nivel micro: autoeficacia y decisión vocacional; nivel meso: redes de apoyo funcionales y disfuncionales; nivel macro: estructura de soporte curricular e inserción laboral). La escala unidimensional de inserción laboral para estudiantes de último año de carrera, agrupó 14 ítems (α>,8; w>,8) y explica el 22,45% de la varianza. Las escalas autoeficacia, redes de apoyo y soporte curricular poseen buenos niveles de sensibilidad y la escala decisión vocacional posee alto nivel de especificidad. Conclusiones. Existe evidencia de validez de constructo y convergente y de fiabilidad psicométrica del cuestionario para detectar alertas tempranas de deserción en estudiantes desde la teoría ecológica. El cuestionario es útil para seguimiento longitudinal; este modelo multidimensional asocia el análisis del tiempo, el género y la universidad (público o privado).
BENDING OF ORTHOTROPIC RECTANGULAR CANTILEVER PLATE
Authors:   Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, Sukhoterin M.V. , Maslennikov A.M. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Knysh T.P. ,   Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, Voytko I.V. ,   Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping
Published: June 2021

Abstract. An iterative method of superposition of correcting functions is proposed. The partial solution of the main differential bending equation is represented by a fourth-degree polynomial (the beam function), which gives a residual only with respect to the bending moment on parallel free faces. This discrepancy and the subsequent ones are mutually compensated by two types of correcting functions-hyperbolic-trigonometric series with indeterminate coefficients. Each function satisfies only a part of the boundary conditions. The solution of the problem is achieved by an infinite superposition of correcting functions. For the process to converge, all residuals must tend to zero. When the specified accuracy is reached, the process stops. Numerical results of the calculation of a square ribbed plate are presented.
THE NORTHERN IRISH CONFRONTATION IN THE FACE OF NEW CHALLENGES
Authors: Иванова Полина Сергеевна
Published: June 2021

В работе представлены некоторые результаты историографического исследования, посвященного анализу публикаций и публичных выступлений, касающихся Североирландского вопроса в контексте BREXIT'а. Рассмотрена предыстория конфликта и некоторые проблемы, возникшие в период выхода Великобритании из состава ЕС.

The paper presents some of the results of a historiographic study on the analysis of publications and public speeches related to the Northern Ireland issue in the context of BREXIT. The background of the conflict and some problems that arose during the period of Britain's withdrawal from the EU were considered.
NEW CLASSIFICATION OF PRINCIPLES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE
Authors: Габазов Тимур Султанович , Мужахаев Амир Ахметович , Солтамурадова Аминат Аслановна
Published: June 2021

В представленной статье кратко раскрывается смысл понятия такого явления, как принцип гражданского процессуального права, а также дана классификация принципов, уже существующих и утвердившихся в теории гражданского процесса. Авторы работы предприняли попытку разработать новую классификацию принципов гражданского судопроизводства, отличную от общепринятой, в которой ключевым фактором выступает субъект, которому эти принципы адресованы по своему содержанию. По результатам проведенного исследования выделены субъекты, которым адресованы действия этих принципов: адресованные только суду; адресованные только лицам, участвующим в деле; - адресованные всем субъектам гражданского судопроизводства в целом (общие). Можно вполне обосновано сказать, что новая классификация принципов гражданского процесса, в зависимости от субъекта имеет право на существование.

The presented article briefly reveals the meaning of the concept of such a phenomenon as the principle of civil procedural law, and also gives a classification of the principles that already exist and are established in the theory of civil procedure. The authors of the work attempted to develop a new classification of the principles of civil proceedings, different from the generally accepted one, in which the key factor is the subject to whom these principles are addressed in their content. According to the results of the study, the subjects to whom the actions of these principles are addressed: addressed only to the court; addressed only to persons participating in the case; - addressed to all subjects of civil proceedings in general (general). It can be reasonably said that the new classification of the principles of civil procedure, depending on the subject, has the right to exist.
PEDAGOGICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE FORMATION OF INTELLECTUAL AND WILL RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIFRUSTRATION SKILLS IN FUTURE SCIENCE TEACHERS
Authors:   Lecturer Fergana Public Health Institute of Medicine Biophysics and Information Technology, Uzbekistan, Jarqinova Dilora Aliyevna
Published: June 2021

The article provides insights into the effectiveness of the formation of intellectual and volitional traits in the development of antifrustration skills in future science teachers. An empirical analysis of the author’s research is also presented.
INTEGRATED METHODICAL SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF PHYSICAL CULTURE IN SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Independent Researcher Department Of Life Safety Fergana State University, Uzbekistan, Usmanov Nematullo Akmalovich
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the methods, indicators that show the characteristics of the mechanisms that form and develop the integrated methodological system of formation of physical culture in school students.
Productivity and Competitiveness of Garlic Production in Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
Authors:   Institute of Cooperatives and Bio-Enterprise Development, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines, Mina Ceptryl S. , Catelo Salvador P. ,   Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, UPLB, Philippines, Jimenez Carolyn D. ,   Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, UPLB, Philippines
Published: June 2021

A total of 124 garlic farmers were selected and interviewed to evaluate the productivity and competitiveness of garlic farming in Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte, Philippines. The Technical efficiency (TE) was estimated using a stochastic frontier analysis or SFA based on the Cobb-Douglas production functional form, while the competitiveness of local garlic production was determined based on the ratio between import parity price and domestic resource cost ratio. The mean TE was 81 percent while the estimated gamma value was 0.92. These values indicate that 92 percent of the variation in garlic output is due to inefficiency factors and that total garlic output can further be increased with efficient use of resources. The analysis further revealed that seed rate and insecticides were statistically significant production factors. The results also show that group membership, farm size, and distance to the farm-to-market road (FMR) were statistically significant. Inefficiency factors and distance to the FMR have positive relationships while group membership and farm size have negative relationships with the garlic output. Price and cost ratios show that garlic from Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte could not yet compete with imported garlic from China in 2018. However, simulations show that if the Philippines can increase its national average by at least 20 percent (4.08 mt/ ha), it can have a competitive advantage in garlic production. The results of the analyses highlight the need to revisit the output and input policies and programs of the government to increase the productivity and competitiveness of garlic farming in Ilocos Norte. These programs include investing in quality seed, joining farmers’ organizations, and providing better farming infrastructure.
Apendicectomía laparoscópica unipuerto: primer caso reportado en Hospital Regional Rafael Hernández
Authors: Achurra Olmos Marcos Antonio , Isaacs Reinaldo
Published: June 2021

La apendicitis aguda es una de las principales causas de emergencia quirúrgica. Su pico de incidencia se ubica entre la segunda y tercera década de la vida con un riesgo de 8.6% y 6.5% para hombres y mujeres, respectivamente. La historia clínica y el examen físico continúan siendo los pilares del abordaje diagnóstico, aunado a la utilización de estudios de imagen en los casos de duda. La apendicectomía laparoscópica es considerada como el “estándar de oro” para el manejo de esta condición. La variante unipuerto de este procedimiento fue realizada por primera vez en 1992 por Pelosi, ofreciendo los mismos beneficios que la modalidad multipuertos, con la ventaja de menor cantidad de incisiones. Se presenta caso de paciente masculino de 52 años con cuadro clínico altamente sugestivo de apendicitis aguda y antecedente de hernia umbilical, el cual es sometido a la primera apendicectomía laparoscópica unipuerto reportada en nuestra institución y dado de egreso en su primer día post-operatorio sin complicaciones.
Neumonía organizada como forma de presentación atípica en paciente con neumonía por Pneumocystis jirovecii
Authors: Paolo Karolyn , Reyna Rolando
Published: June 2021

Se presenta el caso de un masculino de 52 años con antecedente de síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida que acude con historia de una semana de evolución de tos seca y disnea progresiva de moderados esfuerzos asociada a astenia, adinamia y fiebre no cuantificada. Se le realiza tomografía de tórax de alta resolución donde se visualiza patrón en vidrio despulido de distribución parahiliar en ambos campos pulmonares y múltiples zonas de consolidación en parches, de distribución peribroncovascular, sugestivos de neumonía organizada secundaria.
mundo virtual como nuevo nártex para la catequesis
Authors: Valenzuela Magaña Eduardo
Published: June 2021

Este ensayo tiene como propósito problematizar la presencia de los medios digitales en la catequesis. Aunque son varias las implicaciones en este tema, uno llama la atención: la validez en los procesos de educación de la fe en ambientes virtuales. La pregunta es: el espacio catequístico virtual, ¿es un genuino espacio de encuentro con Dios y la comunidad? La respuesta es: Sí, se puede dar una catequesis válida en estas condiciones, aunque han de respetarse ciertas condiciones. Esto abre grandes posibilidades para evangelizar efectivamente en el mundo digital.
Densidad de siembra y fotosíntesis, el motor de la productividad en nuestros cafetales
Authors: Unigarro Carlos Andrés , Rendón José Raúl , Acuña-Zornosa José Ricardo
Published: June 2021

La densidad de siembra es la estrategia agronómica más fácil de implementar y de mayor impacto para aumentar tanto la capacidad fotosintética como el número de flores y frutos, porque con un mayor número de plantas se intercepta más luz por superficie de suelo, lo cual se traduce en un incremento de materia seca que favorece la productividad. En el presente Avance Técnico se responden algunas preguntas para facilitar el entendimiento de los conceptos fisiológicos más importantes que respaldan el uso de altas densidades de siembra en el cultivo de café.
The potential for a progressive paradigm shift
Authors: McDonnell John
Published: June 2021

The banking crisis and the pandemic have both demonstrated the potential for a progressive paradigm shift that could break with the hegemony of neoliberalism over Britain’s political economy. The Covid pandemic has demonstrated how many of the ideas and policies that formed the basis of the Labour Party manifestos of 2017 and 2019 are essential to tackling the current crisis of the pandemic and also for tackling the next crisis, which is the existential threat of climate change. For those on the left and progressives, the task is to discuss and plan the economy and society that will translate these lessons into a vision for the future of our society and into the concrete policy programme needed to achieve that vision. This article is based on a lecture given at the Marx Memorial Library on 23 June 2020 and we are pleased to reproduce it here.
Wal Hannington and the unemployed workers’ struggles in Britain in the 1930s
Authors: Seifert Roger
Published: June 2021

Wal Hannington’s hallmark leadership of the National Unemployed Workers’ Movement (NUWM) in the UK in the 1930s was built on a clear understanding of the causes of unemployment and therefore possible remedies; a highly sensitive and morally profound awareness of the consequences of unemployment for both the unemployed and their families and for those still in work; and a realisation that the struggle was political in the true sense — a question of the abuse of power by those in charge and the need to mobilise countervailing power of the people in struggle. It was this communist emphasis on class struggle that enabled the movement to be effective at every level — in the labour exchanges, in the streets and homes, in the trade union offices, and in the council and parliamentary chambers.
Pandemic economics: The global response to Covid-19
Authors: Roberts Michael
Published: June 2021

The Covid pandemic has delivered the deepest economic slump since the 1930s and the widest global spread ever. Despite warnings, most governments were unprepared for the pandemic. No resources had been devoted to disease vaccine research and public health systems had been degraded for decades by spending cuts and privatisation. As a result, governments were forced into ‘lockdowns’ of various levels of imposition. Now the vaccines are being rolled out — at least in the major advanced economies — and the expectation is that the world economy can return to ‘normality’. But that normality was already, pre-pandemic, expressed in weak economic growth, trade and investment. And the impact of the Covid slump has left permanent ‘scarring’ of economies. The monetary and fiscal policy tools of governments will be inadequate to restore prosperity for all. We need to reset the economy through public control and ownership of the means of production with a global plan aimed at social objectives, not private profit.
THE INVESTIGATION OF STIFFNESS OF HYBRID BISTEEL I-SECTION BEAMS
Authors: Jaras Arūnas
Published: June 2021

The stiffness analysis of the simple supported hybrid bisteel I-section beam subjected by uniformly distributed load is considered in this paper. The hybrid bisteel I-section beam presents a composition of high-strength steel inclusions for the flanges in the region of maximum stresses and of low-strength steel for remaining volume of the beam. The explicit analytical model for evaluation of stiffness of the beams mentioned is presented. The geometrical linear approach and elastic plastic material model have been assumed. The application of high-strength steel inclusion in case perfectly elastic state of the hybrid bisteel I-section beam, increase the deflection insignificantly (up to 10%). While strain hardening effect reduces the deflection by about 4 times compared to the perfect plasticity. The verification of the theoretical analysis has been performed by the FEM. After simple transformations, the proposed model can be easily applied to the evaluation of stiffness of otherwise loaded and supported hybrid bisteel I-section beams.
Seeding Supermassive Black Holes with Self-interacting Dark Matter: A Unified Scenario with Baryons
Authors: Feng Wei-Xiang , Yu Hai-Bo , Zhong Yi-Ming
Published: June 2021

Observations show that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with a mass of ∼109
M
⊙ exist when the universe is just 6% of its current age. We propose a scenario where a self-interacting dark matter halo experiences gravothermal instability and its central region collapses into a seed black hole. The presence of baryons in protogalaxies could significantly accelerate the gravothermal evolution of the halo and shorten collapse timescales. The central halo could dissipate its angular momentum remnant via viscosity induced by the self-interactions. The host halo must be on high tails of density fluctuations, implying that high-z SMBHs are expected to be rare in this scenario. We further derive conditions for triggering general relativistic instability of the collapsed region. Our results indicate that self-interacting dark matter can provide a unified explanation for diverse dark matter distributions in galaxies today and the origin of SMBHs at redshifts z ∼ 6–7.
Brevet et santé : d’une mondialisation à l’autre, d’une controverse à l’autre sous système de production capitaliste
Authors: Guennif Samira
Published: June 2021

Cet article propose une revue de la littérature qui examine la propriété intellectuelle et ses effets en termes de soutien à l’innovation et de contribution au bien-être général. Il permet de retracer, parallèlement au passage d’une première mondialisation à l’autre au sein du système de production capitaliste, le glissement subtil d’une controverse à l’autre entre la fin du xix e  siècle et le début du xxi e  siècle : celle de l’utilité sociale du brevet à celle de la licence obligatoire.
Les félicités du capital en santé
Authors: Bourgain Catherine , Cassier Maurice , Gaudillière Jean-Paul , Juven Pierre-André
Published: June 2021

Alors que le terme de « crise » est sans cesse mobilisé depuis le milieu des années 2000 pour décrire une industrie pharmaceutique financiarisée, en spéculant sur un nombre limité d’innovations à valeur ajoutée clinique importante, cet article propose d’élargir la perspective en considérant les capitalismes pharmaceutiques des Nords et des Suds dans leur diversité. Nous présentons une analyse socio-historique de plusieurs modes de déploiements de ces industries de santé et des conditions de « félicité » de leur modèle scientifique et financier. Insistant sur l’importance des infrastructures politiques de construction des marchés et sur les ordres institutionnels dans lesquels s’insèrent les industries (et qu’elles contribuent à façonner), nous montrons qu’il est possible de lire le développement des capitalismes pharmaceutiques à l’aune de trois critères : le degré de financiarisation, les formes de propriété intellectuelle et la place prise par les biotechnologies. Cette analyse remet en cause la division entre des Nords industriels et innovateurs d’une part et des Suds gérant la pénurie d’autre part.
Dépasser les tensions liées au multisociétariat : une analyse exploratoire institutionnaliste commonsienne du cas d’une Scic de la filière alimentaire
Authors: Dubrion Benjamin
Published: June 2021

L’objectif de cet article est d’éclairer la logique des sociétés coopératives d’intérêt collectif (Scic) peu étudiées à ce jour. Parce qu’elles reposent sur le multisociétariat, les Scic peuvent être source de tensions entre les différentes catégories d’associés. Le cas d’une Scic en croissance de la filière alimentaire bio et circuit court est étudié à la lumière de la grille économique institutionnaliste de John R. Commons, et des discussions alimentant certains questionnements actuels dans la littérature sur le fonctionnement des Scic en sont tirées.
Idéologie et rapports de force dans la construction politique des marchés : la transformation de l’industrie automobile sous Margaret Thatcher
Authors: Pardi Tommaso
Published: June 2021

En proposant une nouvelle analyse du déclin du champion national British Leyland sous le gouvernement de Margaret Thatcher, cet article s’interroge sur la manière dont la nouvelle sociologie économique conçoit et étudie les rapports entre États et grandes entreprises. L’article montre, en s’appuyant sur de nouveaux matériaux d’archives, que ce déclin n’était pas la conséquence d’une politique néolibérale hostile aux intérêts du constructeur en crise, mais le résultat d’un déplacement de soutien politique vers ses équipementiers.
Trapping, identification and rearing of edible palm weevils in Kenya and Uganda
Authors: Egonyu J.P. , Gitonga K.J. , Khamis F.M. , Copeland R.S. , Finyange P. , Odhiambo R. , Ddamulira G. , Tanga C.M. , Subramanian S.
Published: June 2021

Palm weevils, Rhynchophorus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) double as devastating invasive pests of palms, and delicacies in many communities. This study evaluated ethyl acetate and 3-methyl-octan-4-ol for trapping palm weevils from coconut, oil and raffia palms in Kenya and Uganda; taking into account the distance of traps on oil palm from a forest or raffia palm. Eggs from the weevils from different locations were incubated and their larvae reared on sugarcane under laboratory conditions. All the 285 weevils collected were identified by morphological and molecular techniques as Rhynchophorus phoenicis, and the catch was female-biased. 3-methyl-octan-4-ol attracted more weevils than ethyl acetate. More weevils were caught at ~100 m away from the forest than within 15 m outside the forest; and on raffia palm than oil palm irrespective of distance apart. Eggs took ~4 d to develop and 95-100% of pupae developed into adults, irrespective of the collection site. Larval and pupal developmental periods for weevils from Uganda were longer than those of Kenya, resulting in egg-adult development of ~6 months and ~4 months, respectively. The sex ratio of laboratory produced males and females was similar. These results can guide in designing an integrated R. phoenicis management system with a dual benefit of protecting palms from weevil attack and utilising the weevils to improve human nutrition.
Formation of Cariogenic Bacterial Biofilm on Vanillin-Incorporated Resin-Based Dental Sealant
Authors: Thaweboon Boonyanit , Thaweboon Sroisiri
Published: June 2021

Tooth decay or dental caries is an important oral health problem involving people of all age groups. The disease is the outcome of the demineralize process in which aciduric and acidogenic bacteria in a biofilm decompose tooth structure. Dental sealant, a resin material, which is applied on the occlusal pit and fissure surfaces of the teeth as a protective layer has been commonly used to prevent dental caries. However, the microbial effect on food residue is found to be a major cause of microleakage of sealant and secondary caries. Several types of antimicrobial agents were introduced to increase the caries preventive effect of dental sealants. Vanillin, the main component of flavoring agent vanilla, has been found to have antimicrobial property against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of vanillin-incorporated dental sealant against biofilm formation of cariogenic bacteria. Dental sealant resin samples (Clinpro; 3M ESPE, USA) were prepared in 96-well plate in accordance with the amount of vanillin adding (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 5% vanillin). The cariogenic bacterial suspensions of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 and Lactobacillus casei ATCC 334 were added to saliva-coated samples and incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 atmosphere for 48 h to allow the biofilm formation. The quantity of vital biofilm was determined by WST Microbial Cell Counting Kit (Dojindo Molecular Technologies, USA) at 460 nm. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test were applied to the statistical analysis. A significant inhibitory effect against L. casei biofilm was observed in all vanillin incorporated samples (0.5%, 1% and 5% vanillin) compared with samples without vanillin. The percentage of biofilm reduction was 32-39%. For S. mutans, the suppressive effect was noticed only at >1% vanillin with 18-25% biofilm reduction. In conclusion, the incorporation of vanillin to dental sealants could decrease biofilm formation of cariogenic bacteria (S. mutans and L. casei). The use of dental sealants containing vanillin could be a promising measure to prevent dental caries due to their antibacterial biofilm formation property.
Analysis and Correction of Defects for Deep Drawing Process of Stainless Sink by Use of Finite Element Simulation
Authors: Khuanngern Benjaphorn , Suranuntchai Surasak
Published: June 2021

Finite Element Method (FEM) becomes one of the most useful techniques to analyze problems in sheet metal forming processes because of this technique can reduce cost and time in die design and trial step [1]. This research was aimed to predict the optimal parameters in order to eliminate cracks and wrinkles on stainless steel sink product under deep drawing named “DLS50”. The material was made from Stainless Steel 304 with thickness 0.6 mm. The parameters that had been investigated were punch angle and velocity as well as pressure of the punch. In order to simplify the process, punch and die in the simulation were assumed to be a rigid body, which neglected the small effect of elastic deformation. The properties of stainless steel sheet was assumed to be anisotropic, behaved according to constitutive equation of power law and deformed elastic-viscoplastic, which followed Barlat 3 components yield function. The deformation for Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) was predicted by the Keeler equation. Most of the defects such as cracks and wrinkles were found during the process on the parts. In the past, practical productions were performed by trial and error, which involved high production cost, long lead time, and wasted materials. From the prediction results, decreasing punch velocity from 50 mm/s to 8.33 mm/s would reduce the blank shearing zone on the corner bottom of the part and remove cracks in the process. The performing of the stainless sink by decreasing pressure in the process from 2.3 bar to 2 bar, and adjusting the punch shape increasing 5 mm. each side would increase formability of sheet metal in all direction, the reduction of cracking tendency zone out of the part. In conclusion by using the simulation technique, the production quality and performance had been improved.
Eco-Friendly Innovation of Non-Fired Ceramic Tiles from Rice Husk Ash and Recycled Glass Cullet
Authors: Maingam Purinut , Wangrakdiskul Ubolrat , Piyarat Natthakitta
Published: June 2021

The paper presents an experimental study on the production of non-fired ceramic tiles from rice husk ash (RHA) and green glass cullet (GGC) composites as a novel eco-friendly material. Eighteen mixture formulations were constructed as compared to control formula, specimens were uniaxially pressed at 10 MPa and then cured at room temperature for 7 and 28 days. Non-fired tiles (formula A4, B11, and C17) containing 20% GGC were mixed with 0%, 5%, and 10% RHA. The modulus of rupture can be increased by 87.23%, 48.8%, and 19.4%, respectively, at 28 days of curing as compared to control formula. These results were also coherent with microstructure characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, formula A4 and C17 were selected to compare energy costs with wall tiles fired at 950°C. They were the same amount of energy-saving costs by 5.19 USD/m2. From these results, the new eco-friendly products can produce with a combination of RHA and GGC wastes which can enhance the physical properties due to the pozzolanic reaction. Moreover, the proposed non-fired ceramic tiles can conserve energy and reduce manufacturing costs.
Eco-Friendly Composites Based on Bitter Tea Oil Meal and Polylactic Acid
Authors: Shih Yeng Fong , Xu Jia Yi , Wu Nian Yi , Chiu Yu Ting , Yu Hui Ming , Tsai Ming Liao
Published: June 2021

Bitter tea oil meal (BTOM) is the main waste from the production of bitter tea oil which is squeezed from bitter tea seeds. The purpose of this study is to reuse the BTOM as an additive of the polylactic acid (PLA) to prepare eco-friendly composites. The effects of the addition of BTOM and maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene succinate (MAPBS) on the properties of PLA were investigated. The addition of MAPBS is mainly to increase the toughness of the PLA, and to increase the compatibility between BTOM and PLA. The experimental results show that the compatibility of PLA and BTOM and impact resistance of the composites can be improved by addition of MAPBS. The composite with 5% BTOM and 8% MAPBS exhibited the best tensile strength. In addition, the composite with 5% BTOM and 5% MAPBS has the best impact strength. It was found that the addition of BTOM and MAPBS can promote the crystallization of PLA. Moreover, the addition of BTOM not only can reduce the usage of PLA and the cost of the materials, but also reuse and reduce the waste from food industry.
Biocomposites Based on Agar and Cellulose Nanofibers Prepared from Carrot Slag
Authors: Shih Yeng Fong , Su Wei Sheng
Published: June 2021

In this study, the effect of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) prepared from carrot slag on the properties of agar biocomposite films is investigated. The composite film was characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), tensile test, fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The transmittance, mechanical properties and chemical structure of the composite film containing different CNF content (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 phr based on agar) were studied. The UV-Vis showed that the transmittance of the film was decreased with increasing content of CNF. The FT-IR spectrum showed that the generation of hydrogen bonds leads to good interface bonding between Agar and CNF. Moreover, the performance of the bionanocomposite was improved by the addition of CNF. The composite containing 0.3 phr CNF results in a maximum tensile strength of 25.97 MPa. However, the tensile strength of the 0.5 phr CNF containing one is reduced to 24.42 MPa due to the agglomeration of CNF. The TEM shows that the diameter of CNF is 2.5 nm and the length is 18.20 nm. The usage of CNF obtained from carrot slag can not only recycle the waste from food industry, but also can be used as a reinforcing agent for preparing biodegradable composite film. It has potential uses in the development of biodegradable food packaging materials and biomedical applications.
The Development of Thermostatically Biodegradable Composite
Authors: Shih Yeng Fong , Chen Zheng Ting , Lin Wei Lun , Chiu Po Chun , Chiang Chin Hsien , Tsai Ming Liao
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to develop a new type of environmentally friendly container which has thermostatic effect and is biodegradable. This study is based on polylactic acid (PLA) and maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene succinate (MAPBS). Subsequently, the diatomite which adsorbed polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added to prepare a thermostatic biodegradable composite. The addition of MAPBS is to improve the compatibility between PLA and diatomite. In addition, the thermostatic effect, tensile strength, thermal deformation temperature and impact strength of the composite were investigated.
Improvement of Impact Energy Absorption of Curved Thin Chopped Tape CFRP Shell by Adding Submicron Glass Fiber into Matrix
Authors: Ueda Taiki , Okubo Kazuya , Obunai Kiyotaka , Bao Li
Published: June 2021

The effect of the addition of submicron glass fibers into the matrix of curved thin shell of CFRP in thickness direction on the energy absorption during out-of-plane impact was investigated with four types of specimens. Four types of CFRP shells were prepared in which each shape was: (a) flat plate (b) half-cylinder (c) low wide elliptical half-cylinder (d) high wide elliptical half-cylinder. The results showed that improvement of impact energy absorption was obtained for thin shell specimen with curved geometry as well as that for flat plate by adding submicron glass fiber into the matrix. This study found that design with half-cylinder CFRP shell is rather effective to utilize the result of modification with submicron glass fibers previously added into the matrix where the impact energy absorption was improved.
Facile Fabrication of N-Slow Release Fertilizer Hydrogel Beads by Alginate-Based Composites
Authors: Sangjan Suntree , Thongsamer Wadchara
Published: June 2021

A novel slow-release N-fertilizer hydrogel beads were developed using sodium alginate (SA) and alginate-talcum (ST) composite as N-absorbent. In this work, the hydrogel composite were fabricated by simple method and low cost. N-fertilizer hydrogel beads were prepared two types, for SA types, which were different sodium alginate (1(SA1), 3(SA3), 5(SA5), 7(SA7), and 10(SA10) wt%). And, for ST types, sodium alginate and talcum were vary ratios to 1:0.5(S1T0.5), 1:1(S1T1), and 1:2 (S1T2). The chemical structure of hydrogel composite beads were characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The release behavior were investigate by Zero-order kinetic model, First-order kinetic model, Higuchi model and Korsmeyer-Peppas model. We have found that the N-fertilizer release constants in Korsmeyer-Peppas model were decrease with increase SA content for 1-5 wt% in SA hydrogel beads. However, SA contents were more than 5 wt% which rapidly enhanced fertilizer release. In addition, to add talcum in ST hydrogel beads significantly reduced fertilizer release rate. The N-fertilizer hydrogel beads exhibits significantly slow release behavior. These results indicates that the development of slow-release fertilizer hydrogel beads can be improve the effectiveness of N-fertilizer.
pH and Proton Sensor GPR65 Determine Susceptibility to Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Xie Liang , McKenzie Craig I , Qu Xinyan , Mu Yan , Wang Quanbo , Bing Nan , Naidoo Karmella , Alam Md Jahangir , Yu Di , Gong Fang , Ang Caroline , Robert Remy , Marques Francine Z , Furlotte Nicholas , Hinds David , Gasser Olivier ,   23andMe Research Team, Agee Michelle , Auton Adam , Bell Robert K , Bryc Katarzyna , Elson Sarah L , Fontanillas Pierre , Huber Karen E , Kleinman Aaron , Litterman Nadia K , McCreight Jennifer C , McIntyre Matthew H , Mountain Joanna L , Noblin Elizabeth S , Northover Carrie A M , Pitts Steven J , Sathirapongsasuti J Fah , Sazonova Olga V , Shelton Janie F , Shringarpure Suyash , Tian Chao , Tung Joyce Y , Vacic Vladimir , Xavier Ramnik J , Mackay Charles R
Published: June 2021

pH sensing by GPR65 regulates various inflammatory conditions, but its role in skin remains unknown. In this study, we performed a phenome-wide association study and report that the T allele of GPR65-intronic single-nucleotide polymorphism rs8005161, which reduces GPR65 signaling, showed a significant association with atopic dermatitis, in addition to inflammatory bowel diseases and asthma, as previously reported. Consistent with this genetic association in humans, we show that deficiency of GPR65 in mice resulted in markedly exacerbated disease in the MC903 experimental model of atopic dermatitis. Deficiency of GPR65 also increased neutrophil migration in vitro. Moreover, GPR65 deficiency in mice resulted in higher expression of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α by T cells. In humans, CD4+ T cells from rs8005161 heterozygous individuals expressed higher levels of TNF-α after PMA/ionomycin stimulation, particularly under pH 6 conditions. pH sensing by GPR65 appears to be important for regulating the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
Alveolar Macrophages Inherently Express Programmed Death-1 Ligand 1 for Optimal Protective Immunity and Tolerance
Authors: Sun Fan , Li Liwen , Xiao Yadong , Gregory Alyssa D , Shapiro Steven D , Xiao Gutian , Qu Zhaoxia
Published: June 2021

Macrophages play a central role in lung physiology and pathology. In this study, we show in mice that alveolar macrophages (AMs), unlike other macrophage types (interstitial, peritoneal, and splenic macrophages), constitutively express programmed death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), thereby possessing a superior phagocytic ability and the capacity to repress CTLs by cis- and trans-interacting with CD80 and programmed death-1 (PD-1), respectively. This extraordinary ability of AMs assures optimal protective immunity and tolerance within the lung. These findings uncover a unique characteristic of AMs and an innate immune function of PD-L1 and CD80 and therefore help in the understanding of lung physiology, diseases, and PD-L1/PD-1–based immunotherapy.
The Russian scientists’ quality of life and cognitive status
Authors: Vasileva Tatiana P , Yakushin Mihkail A , Makarova Ekaterina V , Reshetnikova Polina I , Shukurlaeva Guzal E , Vasilev Mikhail D
Published: June 2021

Aim of the study was assessment of executive functions and quality of life (QoL) among scientists aged 22-80 years working in state research centers. The screening test included several questionnairs: “Cognitive screening”, “Age is not a barrier”, “Geriatric Depression Scale" (GDS) and Social Functioning 36 (SF-36) survey. According to the assessment, the group of scientists showed problems related to physical health disorders and presence of numerous risk factors for professional efficiency decline. High rate of preasthenia (39.62%) and asthenia syndrome (11.32%) was identified. This might be due to high level of stress and informational load that causes depletion of functional organism reserves. The rate of cognitive executive functions decline was low (3.77%), stated in young age and possibly associated with depression and asthenia. In comparison to general population, Russian scientists showed a generally high level of quality of life (more than 70% in all domains), best indicators on the scales of "Body Pain" and "Vitality", but lower indicators of "Role functioning” due to the emotional state. In general, scientists’ quality of life decreased with age, especially "Physical Functioning" and "Body Pain" scales. Social skills such as "Role functioning due to emotional state" increased with age. In the scientists group, connection between cognitive functions and the quality of life was observed. Specifically, between "Physical Functioning", "General Health", "Vitality", "Social Functioning" and "Mental Health".
Leukopenia Related to Haloperidol in a Case of Chronic Untreated Schizophrenia
Authors: Nachane Hrishikesh B. , Pawar Gaurav E.
Published: June 2021

Haloperidol is a commonly prescribed first-generation antipsychotic drug in psychiatric practice. It is usually well tolerated and presents with few side effects such as sedation, antiparkinsonian features, and hypotension. Few cases have been reported on leukopenia with haloperidol, none from India. We present a case where a patient with untreated schizophrenia for 9 years developed leukopenia (total leukocyte count [TLC] = 2800 cells/mm3) at 20 mg of oral haloperidol, in our inpatient setting. He chiefly presented with fever. The causality of adverse drug reaction (ADR) was attributed to haloperidol and using the Naranjo algorithm, the score recorded was 8, suggesting probable causal association. Hartwig's Severity Assessment Scale showed the severity of the ADR to be Level 4 (moderate severity). There was prompt reversal after drug discontinuation (TLC = 7000 cells/mm3 at discharge). Risk factors, possible mechanisms, and role of monitoring are discussed.
Modified strict sperm morphology threshold aids in the clinical selection of conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
Authors: Zhu Yong , Zhang Feng , Cheng Hua , Sun Xiao-Xi , Jiang Feng
Published: June 2021

For infertility treatment, the selection of in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is decided by multiplying indicators (including fallopian tube factors, semen count, and semen motility), except for sperm morphology. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis, from implantation to birth, over a period of 5 years. A total of 1873 couples with primary or secondary fallopian tube factors and an increased defective sperm morphology rate (DSMR) were divided into different groups to receive IVF or ICSI cycles. By comparing the outcomes, we found that the F1 group (DSMR <96%, IVF group 1) had higher cleavage rate, biochemical pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and live birth rate than the F3 group (DSMR >98%, IVF group 3; P < 0.05). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the ICSI subgroups. Furthermore, a comparison of the outcomes between IVF and ICSI showed that the S3 group (DSMR >98%, ICSI group 3) had higher cleavage rate (P < 0.001), biochemical pregnancy rate (P < 0.05), clinical pregnancy rate (P < 0.05) and live birth rate (P < 0.05) than the F3 group. However, the ICSI subgroup had a lower two pronuclei fertilization rate than the IVF subgroup (P < 0.05). Our data suggest that the sperm morphology should also be considered when selecting IVF or ICSI combined with other semen parameters before the first assisted reproductive technologies (ART) cycle, especially for males with severe sperm defects.
A comparison of perioperative outcomes between extraperitoneal robotic single-port and multiport radical prostatectomy with the da Vinci Si Surgical System
Authors: Ju Guan-Qun , Wang Zhi-Jun , Shi Jia-Zi , Zhang Zong-Qin , Wu Zhen-Jie , Yin Lei , Liu Bing , Wang Lin-Hui , Xu Dong-Liang
Published: June 2021

To evaluate outcomes between extraperitoneal robotic single-port radical prostatectomy (epR-spRP) and extraperitoneal robotic multiport radical prostatectomy (epR-mpRP) performed with the da Vinci Si Surgical System, comparison was performed between 30 single-port (SP group) and 26 multiport (MP group) cases. Comparisons included operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), hospital stay, peritoneal violation, pain scores, scar satisfaction, continence, and erectile function. The median operation time and EBL were not different between the two groups. In the SP group, the median operation time of the first 10 patients was obviously longer than that of the latter 20 patients (P < 0.001). The median postoperative hospital stay in the SP group was shorter than that in the MP group (P < 0.001). The rate of peritoneal damage in the SP group was less than that in the MP group (P = 0.017). The pain score and overall need for pain medications in the SP group were lower than those in the MP group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively). Patients in the SP group were more satisfied with their scars than those in the MP group 3 months postoperatively (P = 0.007). At 3 months, the cancer control, recovery of erectile function, and urinary continence rates were similar between the two groups. It is safe and feasible to perform epR-spRP using the da Vinci Si surgical system. Therefore, epR-spRP can be a treatment option for localized prostate cancer. Although epR-spRP still has a learning curve, it has advantages for postoperative pain and self-assessed cosmesis. In the absence of the single-port robotic surgery platform, we can still provide minimally invasive surgery for patients.
VARIAÇÃO INTRAESPECÍFICA EM PEIXES DE RIACHO COM ÊNFASE NA ECOLOGIA TRÓFICA
Authors:   Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Manna Luisa Resende , Rezende Carla Ferreira ,   Universidade Federal do Ceará
Published: June 2021

Assessing intraspecific variability in community structure and functioning are still scarce for stream-dwelling fish. However, measuring ecological traits for individuals is important since species’ response for environmental conditions occurs at the individual level, especially in streams which suffers constantly physical disturbances. Intraspecific variability can be measured for several ecological traits, such as morphology, diet, life-history, and habitat use that varies between populations or within populations. Here, we present some methods and studies that evaluated intraspecific trophic variability in stream-dwelling fish. Results revealing the role of individual variation in structure of biological populations and/or assemblages were selected, and principal issues were discussed. There are a lot of statistical tools that can test individual variation including functional indexes and multivariate analyzes. Results generated from such individual analyzes have high potential to explain the functioning of stream fish populations and communities.