bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Chemokine CCL17/TARC as a Biomarker in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Sauer Maike , Ponader Sabine , Engert Andreas , Pogge von Strandmann Elke
Published: January 2023

Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder hallmarked by a distinctive type of neoplastic cells, the Hodgkin and Reed/Sternberg (H/RS) cells. H/RS cells represent only a minor cell population of the total tumour mass and are surrounded by an infiltrate composed of mostly inflammatory cells. This composition results from the reciprocal release of soluble factors, such as cytokines and chemokines and other growth factors. In this context, the chemokine CCL17, also known as thymus and activation-related chemokine (TARC), emerges to have important biological functions, as it is expressed in high amounts by H/RS cells and highly elevated in the serum of cHL patients. CCL17 recruits Th2 cells and regulatory T cells that account for a beneficial microenvironment for H/RS cells. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge on CCL17 in cHL and other leukaemias and lymphomas and provide an outlook into clinical applications of CCL17 as a disease biomarker and as a therapeutic target in cHL.
Translation From Mice to Men: Are Dogs a Dodgy Intermediate?
Authors: Kruitwagen Hedwig S. , Spee Bart , Fieten Hille , van Steenbeek Frank G. , Schotanus Baukje A. , Penning Louis C.
Published: January 2023

Alternatives for liver transplantation in severe liver disease are urgently needed in view of the limited availability of donor livers. The use of embryonic stem cells (ES) or hepatic progenitor cells (HPC) has been investigated in mice models of acute and chronic liver failure. To extrapolate the findings in inbred mouse strains (weighing around 20 g, with a maximal lifespan of 3 years) to the genetically more variable human beings (around 3,000-fold heavier and living 30 times longer), does seem a bit of a large step. This article describes recent developments in HPC research in dogs and compares these findings to experimental rodent studies and human pathology. Recent progress in canine liver stem cell research and canine genetics are combined to exemplify their possible role as a relevant animal model for the feasibility of stem cell transplantation in human liver failure.
New Concepts for Sympathetic Renal Artery Denervation: Review of Existing Literature and Case Report
Authors: Heeger C.H. , Kaiser L. , Brooks S. , Kuck K.H. , Bergmann Martin W.
Published: January 2023

Arterial hypertension (HTN) is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and also leads to hypertensive heart disease, hypertensive nephropathy, cerebrovascular disease as well as cardiac arrhythmias. Despite receiving antihypertensive drugs, patients often do not reach their individual guideline blood pressure (BP) levels. Interventional sympathetic renal artery denervation (RDN) has been demonstrated to successfully lower blood pressure in patients with systolic blood pressure values ≥160 mmHg while on three or more antihypertensive drugs. The SymplicityTM device (Medtronic, Palo Alto, CA, USA) was shown to be safe, with side effects rarely occuring. Recent data from registries show that this procedure is efficient in about 70% of patients. New upcoming devices aim to significantly reduce procedure time and post-procedural complications through new concepts and strategies for RDN, and may possibly improve its effectiveness. Currently, radiofrequency (RF) is the dominant modality for RDN, but devices using energy delivery via ultrasound (US) have been developed. Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) is a novel invasive diagnostic modality, which is able to analyse endothelial integrity at a resolution of approximately 10 μm. Recent IVOCT findings after RDN find evidence for endothelial damage and thrombus formation introduced through RDN, yet the clinical significance is uncertain since similar images are obtained when analysing coronary arteries after stenting. Nevertheless, irrigated RDN devices could reduce the observed issues and deliver more energy to deeper tissue levels similar to that observed in ablation of atrial fibrillation. This article provides an overview of currently available data and devices; furthermore we present a case report on the OneShotTM Renal Denervation System (Covidien, Campbell, CA, USA) and preliminary findings of IVOCT examinations after RDN.
An Energy Justice Approach to Resolving the Conflict between the Development of Energy Access Projects and Human Rights Risks and Violations in Africa: Can a Balance be Struck?
Authors: Kaime Thoko , Agbaitoro Godswill
Published: January 2023

This article addresses the potential widespread conflict between the development of energy access projects and human rights risks and violations in Africa. While this conflict is well known in the continent of Africa due largely to the need to increase energy access, solutions to tackle it are scarce. This article proposes using the United Nations (UN) Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA) strategically to create a new framework to conceptualize and solve such conflict. For this purpose, it analyses the effectiveness of the HRBA framework, whilst highlighting some of the challenges facing its implementation in African countries. The article concludes that until human rights risks and violations – considered to be ‘energy injustice’ concerns – are mainstreamed through the HRBA framework and its principles into the plan and development of energy access projects, the conflict will continue to rise and may become another dilemma similar to the environmental protection and energy development discourse in Africa.
PROLIDASE LEVEL IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND ISCHEMIC MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY
Authors: AĞRIÇ Vedat , GÖZ Mustafa , DİKME Reşat , PADAK Mahmut , AYDIN Mehmet Salih , KANKILIÇ Nazım , AMAÇ Bişar
Published: January 2023

Plasma prolidase levels change as a determining factor for coronary artery disease and heart valve insufficiency. The aim of this study is to compare plasma prolidase levels in two groups with or without mitral regurgitation who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS). For this purpose, 45 patients who underwent CABS were included in the study; patients without mitral valve insufficiency who underwent CABS (25 patients) Group 1, patients with mitral valve insufficiency who underwent CABS (20 patients) Group 2. Venous blood was taken from all patients before and after CABS and their prolidase levels were measured. Preoperative and postoperative serum prolidase levels in group 1 were 1038.2 and 1289.43 U/L, respectively. In group 2, preoperative and postoperative serum prolidase levels were 1084.07 and 1337.74 U/L, respectively. A significant difference was found between preoperative and postoperative plasma prolidase levels of Group 1 and Group 2 included in the study (p<0.05). Plasma prolidase level was high in both groups. However, pre- and postoperative serum prolidase levels were found to be higher in patients with mitral valve insufficiency in Group 2. In conclusion, in this study, it was determined that the plasma prolidase level was higher in patients with mitral valve insufficiency who underwent CABS.
DESIMINASI INFORMASI DAN EDUKASI MITIGASI CORONAVIRUS DISEASE – 2019 (COVID-19) DI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Alwi La Ode , Santiaji Bande La Ode , Pakki Teri , Saefuddin Saefuddin , Nikoyan Anas , Batoa Hartina
Published: January 2023

Some of the problems faced by the community as a result of the Coronavirus Disease – 2019 (COVID-19) have limited social access to the community in everyday life. By looking at these problems, there is a need for Services on Information Dissemination and Education on Mitigation of Coronavirus Disease – 2019 (COVID-19. The implementation of Community Service Program Lecturers Thematic Dissemination of Information and Education on Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) Mitigation, was carried out in several stages, namely: (i) socialization of the implementation of trials at the community level; (ii) carry out an understanding test about KKN on how to mitigate the Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19); (ii) conducting training for the community on the use of local resources, such as coconut oil, ginger, saraba and moringa as COVID-19 mitigation materials. The results of the service show that: (i) the community is increasingly aware of the importance of mitigating COVID-19 and how to prevent COVID-19; (ii) the community knows the types of local resources that are easy to obtain and easy to make as medicine in the fight against COVID-19; (iii) the community is able to make and apply local resources (moringa, ginger and coconut oil) as a COVID-19 mitigation
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KERAJINAN TANGAN DARI BENANG MACRAME YANG BERNILAI EKONOMIS PADA SISWA SDIT INSANTAMA KENDARI
Authors: Tarifu La , Rizal Rizal , Sartono Sartono , Jopang Jopang , Bakti Bakti , Djauziyah Patola Rahmah , Sari Dewi Ratna , Ananda Chaisarah Rizka , Restu Yolita Veni
Published: January 2023

This training was carried out for community empowerment in the preparation of Community Service Plans (PKM) for SDIT Insantama Kendari Students in Mokoau Village, Kambu District, Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi in the form of diversification of handicraft products from macramé threads so as to create community welfare through optimizing the potential of macramé threads from semi-finished goods to finished goods. The method used in this activity is the provision of material, direct practice and mentoring. The material was given in the SDIT Insantama Kendari hall, with material on the creative economy and direct training to introduce various alternative options for creativity and young entrepreneurship with materials that are easy to find in the surrounding environment to SDIT Insantama Kendari students with assistance from SDIT Insantama Kendari teachers. Techniques for making handicrafts from macramé threads with assistance and the practice of making crafts from macramé threads. The results of this activity show that (1) trainees can make handicrafts from macramé threads with the right techniques, (2) trainees can make this training activity the beginning of young entrepreneurship (3) videos of making handicrafts from macramé threads published on YouTube
Using OERs to Close Inequity Gaps in Political Science
Authors: Cragwall Jesse
Published: January 2023

A research team at Pellissippi State Community College was awarded two separate grants by TBR to conduct these transitions. This presentation will consist of two parts. The first part summarizes the process of transitioning the Introduction to American Government course to an OER textbook created by OpenStax, along with adopting and creating additional open access materials during the 2021-2022 academic year. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed from a total of 14 sections of the course to determine the impact of the transition. The second part will chronicle ongoing efforts of an inter-departmental team – consisting of faculty from Political Science, Media Technologies and Web Design, and Librarian Services – to create an Open Access Publication for the Introduction to Political Science course. Although this project will be in process during the conference, a summary of the work to date will be provided.
BIMBINGAN DAN PENYULUHAN PENTINGNYA ARSIP KELUARGA: GERAKAN MASYARAKAT SADAR ARSIP
Authors: Erlangga Andi Sukma  , Izzatul Ulya  , Rizka Rahmawati  , Anjari Becik Gati
Published: January 2023

Managing family archive independently is one of the ways that can be used to activate the family function and give universal values of the family. By knowing the important of family archive management, it is urgently needed to provide guidance and training for the students’ mothers of TK Dharma Wanita Sengkaling, Dau, Malang, so they can do the archive management for their own family. This service is done by applying participatory method, a method that involved the service offers to directly involved in the activity. The activity was started with first, sharing about how to archive classification, practice in implementing technology in archive storing and the last one was the discussion. From the result of this service, it can be concluded that the participants of the activity are satisfied for by the result of the activity: they have online drive that can be used to save their family archive so they can avoid any damaging risk in the future.
National Cyber Defense Of The Indonesian Government In Protecting The Society
Authors: Budiman imam
Published: January 2023

echnological advances in the era of globalization are now unavoidable. All countries in the world are competing in developing technology to facilitate human life. This technological advancement is inseparable from the threats that lurk in every activity. Of course, the role of the state as an actor must protect its citizens from every threat, including technological threats. This makes cyber security required by all countries, including Indonesia. With various challenges faced, as well as several policies implemented, Indonesia is still a country that is vulnerable to attacks in cyberspace. By using a qualitative research method that focuses on describing phenomena through the literature read, this study concludes that optimizing the role of national cyber defense policy can overcome problems that arise due to the advancement of technology in the present time
The Effect Of Competence On The Performance Of Middle And High School Teachers At Cita Hati Schools In Surabaya
Authors: Chrisbiyanto Yeremia , Wibowo Daniel Ari , Foat Agustinus
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of (1) pedagogical competence, (2) professional competence, (3) social competence, and (4) teacher personality competence simultaneously on the performance of Middle and High school Cita Hati Surabaya teachers. The type of research used is quantitative research. The research subjects were all teachers of Middle and High school Cita Hati Surabaya with a total of 120 teachers, and the object of this research was teacher competence and teacher performance. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and analyzed by 'ryx' test, F test, and linear regression analysis. The results showed that there was a relationship between the competency variable (X) and the performance variable for junior-senior high school teachers at Cita Hati Surabaya School (Y) with a ryx value of 0.701 and a positive value. There is a significant relationship between the competency variable (X) in shaping the teacher performance variable for Middle and High school at Cita Hati Surabaya School (Y)           with an F value of 72,343 with a value of = 0.00 which is significant at < 0.05. The equation of the linear regression line is = 18.534 + 0.742 X. This means that for every improvement in competence once, the performance of Middle and High school teachers at Cita Hati Schools in Surabaya is 0.742 times.
The Power Of Jesus Christ's Teaching Methods
Authors: Laras Lanny , Tumbel Daniel
Published: January 2023

Learning and learning  is very important in the educational process that involves  teachers and students or teachers and students.  Edward and Frances Simpson  in their paper "Principle of Biblical Teaching and Learning" edited by Werner C. Graendorf in his book entitled Introduction Christian Education, put forward ten laws  of teaching and learning.
МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ТИПЫ СКИФОВ СЕВЕРНОГО ПРИЧЕРНОМОРЬЯ В АСПЕКТЕ ИХ ГЕНЕЗИСА
Authors: Добровольский Леонид , Умиткалиев Улан
Published: January 2023

The question of the anthropological composition of the Scythians in connection with the eastern migration impulses is considered in the article by systematizing and interpreting the data of physical anthropology according to the craniological material of the Northern Black Sea region and adjacent territories. Anthropological material does not show the movement from adjacent and more distant eastern territories in the Pre-Scythian and Scythian times of large groups of the population, differing in craniological parameters from the autochthonous population.
ЗЛОВЕЩАЯ ДОЛИНА - ОБРАТНАЯ СТОРОНА. ВЫЯВЛЕНИЕ ЧЕРТ И ПРОПОРЦИЙ ЛИЦА, КОТОРЫЕ ВЫЗЫВАЮТ У НАБЛЮДАТЕЛЯ ЧУВСТВО ТРЕВОГИ. ЧАСТЬ 1: ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
Authors: Просикова Екатерина , Рашковская Юлия
Published: January 2023

The uncanny valley effect is being studied today mainly from the point
of view of psychology. In the present study, this effect is considered from the
standpoint of physical anthropology: an attempt was made to identify facial
features and proportions, facial indices that make the observer feel fear and
anxiety. Respondents will be asked to select the most sinister images of faces
belonging to robots, animated characters etc. A number of parameters will be
measured on the faces of the characters, which the respondents call the most
terrible. These parameters will be compared with the proportions of human faces
in order to find significant differences. In order to check the identified proportions
and indices, the presence of which on the face instills a sense of anxiety in the
observer, a sample of respondents will be presented for evaluation of images of
human faces that have been changed in a graphic editor (artificially endowed
with those proportions and indices that, as the first study revealed, give the face
creepiness).
Also, during the study, the connection between the uncanny valley effect
and such a mechanism for perceiving a visual image as the construction of a
perceptual hypothesis will be tested.
The effects of ankle dorsiflexor fatigue on lower limb biomechanics during badminton forward forehand and backhand lunge
Authors: Tong Jianhua , Lu Zhenghui , Cen Xuanzhen , Chen Chaoyi , Ugbolue Ukadike Chris , Gu Yaodong
Published: January 2023

Background: Local muscle fatigue may have an adverse effect on the biomechanics of the lunge movement and athletic performance. This study analyzed the biomechanical indicators of the forward lunge in badminton players before and after fatigue of the ankle dorsiflexors.

Methods: Using the isometric muscular strength testing system, 15 badminton players underwent an ankle dorsiflexor fatigue test. Before and after the fatigue experiment, five lunges were done in both the forehand forward (FH) and backhand forward (BH) directions, five in each direction. A Vicon motion capture system and an AMTI force measuring station were used to record lower limb kinematic and ground reaction force (GRF). Pre-fatigue and post-fatigue variability were determined using paired-samples t-tests, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Statistical Non-parametric Mapping (SNPM).

Result: The results showed that after fatigue, the peak angle of ankle dorsiflexion was significantly reduced (p = 0.034), the range of motion (ROM) of the ankle sagittal plane (p = 0.000) and peak angle of ankle plantarflexion (p = 0.001) was significantly increased after forehand landing. After fatigue, ankle inversion was significantly increased after forehand and backhand landings (FH: p = 0.033; BH: p = 0.015). After fatigue, peak knee flexion angles increased significantly (FH: Max: p = 0.000, Min: p = 0.000; BH: Max: p = 0.017, Min: p = 0.037) during forehand and backhand landings and ROM in knee flexion and extension increased (p = 0.009) during forehand landings. Knee inversion range of motion was significantly increased after fatigue (p = 0.024) during forehand landings. Peak hip flexion angle (p = 0.000) and range of motion (p = 0.000) were significantly reduced in forehand landings after fatigue. The mean loading rate (p = 0.005) and the maximum loading rate (p = 0.001) increased significantly during backhand landings after fatigue. Post-fatigue, the center of pressure (COP) frontal offset increased significantly (FH: p = 0.000; BH: p = 0.000) in the forehand and backhand landings.

Conclusion: These results indicate that when the ankle dorsiflexors are fatigued, the performance of the forehand is significantly negatively affected, and the impact force of the backhand is greater.
An image-based approach for the estimation of arterial local stiffness in vivo
Authors: Celi Simona , Gasparotti Emanuele , Capellini Katia , Bardi Francesco , Scarpolini Martino Andrea , Cavaliere Carlo , Cademartiri Filippo , Vignali Emanuele
Published: January 2023

The analysis of mechanobiology of arterial tissues remains an important topic of research for cardiovascular pathologies evaluation. In the current state of the art, the gold standard to characterize the tissue mechanical behavior is represented by experimental tests, requiring the harvesting of ex-vivo specimens. In recent years though, image-based techniques for the in vivo estimation of arterial tissue stiffness were presented. The aim of this study is to define a new approach to provide local distribution of arterial stiffness, estimated as the linearized Young’s Modulus, based on the knowledge of in vivo patient-specific imaging data. In particular, the strain and stress are estimated with sectional contour length ratios and a Laplace hypothesis/inverse engineering approach, respectively, and then used to calculate the Young’s Modulus. After describing the method, this was validated by using a set of Finite Element simulations as input. In particular, idealized cylinder and elbow shapes plus a single patient-specific geometry were simulated. Different stiffness distributions were tested for the simulated patient-specific case. After the validation from Finite Element data, the method was then applied to patient-specific ECG-gated Computed Tomography data by also introducing a mesh morphing approach to map the aortic surface along the cardiac phases. The validation process revealed satisfactory results. In the simulated patient-specific case, root mean square percentage errors below 10% for the homogeneous distribution and below 20% for proximal/distal distribution of stiffness. The method was then successfully used on the three ECG-gated patient-specific cases. The resulting distributions of stiffness exhibited significant heterogeneity, nevertheless the resulting Young’s moduli were always contained within the 1–3 MPa range, which is in line with literature.
On the use of climate models for estimating the non-stationary characteristic values of climatic actions in civil engineering practice
Authors: Abrahamczyk Lars , Uzair Aanis
Published: January 2023

The characteristic values of climatic actions in current structural design codes are based on a specified probability of exceedance during the design working life of a structure. These values are traditionally determined from the past observation data under a stationary climate assumption. However, this assumption becomes invalid in the context of climate change, where the frequency and intensity of climatic extremes varies with respect to time. This paper presents a methodology to calculate the non-stationary characteristic values using state of the art climate model projections. The non-stationary characteristic values are calculated in compliance with the requirements of structural design codes by forming quasi-stationary windows of the entire bias-corrected climate model data. Three approaches for the calculation of non-stationary characteristic values considering the design working life of a structure are compared and their consequences on exceedance probability are discussed.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts: The chief architect in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Sarkar Mrinmoy , Nguyen Tristan , Gundre Esheksha , Ogunlusi Olajumoke , El-Sobky Mohanad , Giri Biplab , Sarkar Tapasree Roy
Published: January 2023

Stromal heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in malignancy and therapeutic resistance. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the major players in tumor stroma. The heterogeneous sources of origin and subsequent impacts of crosstalk with breast cancer cells flaunt serious challenges before current therapies to cure triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and other cancers. The positive and reciprocal feedback of CAFs to induce cancer cells dictates their mutual synergy in establishing malignancy. Their substantial role in creating a tumor-promoting niche has reduced the efficacy of several anti-cancer treatments, including radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and endocrine therapy. Over the years, there has been an emphasis on understanding CAF-induced therapeutic resistance in order to enhance cancer therapy results. CAFs, in the majority of cases, employ crosstalk, stromal management, and other strategies to generate resilience in surrounding tumor cells. This emphasizes the significance of developing novel strategies that target particular tumor-promoting CAF subpopulations, which will improve treatment sensitivity and impede tumor growth. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the origin and heterogeneity of CAFs, their role in tumor progression, and altering the tumor response to therapeutic agents in breast cancer. In addition, we also discuss the potential and possible approaches for CAF-mediated therapies.
Neuroimmune cardiovascular interfaces in atherosclerosis
Authors: Mohanta Sarajo K. , Yin Changjun , Weber Christian , Habenicht Andreas J. R.
Published: January 2023

Two pairs of biological systems acting over long distances have recently been defined as major participants in the regulation of physiological and pathological tissue reactions: i) the nervous and vascular systems form various blood-brain barriers and control axon growth and angiogenesis; and ii) the nervous and immune systems emerge as key players to direct immune responses and maintain blood vessel integrity. The two pairs have been explored by investigators in relatively independent research areas giving rise to the concepts of the rapidly expanding topics of the neurovascular link and neuroimmunology, respectively. Our recent studies on atherosclerosis led us to consider a more inclusive approach by conceptualizing and combining principles of the neurovascular link and neuroimmunology: we propose that the nervous system, the immune system and the cardiovascular system undergo complex crosstalks in tripartite rather than bipartite interactions to form neuroimmune cardiovascular interfaces (NICIs).
Synthesis of amorphous trimetallic PdCuNiP nanoparticles for enhanced OER
Authors: Zheng Yangzi , Guo Ruiyun , Li Xiang , He Tianou , Wang Weicong , Zhan Qi , Li Rui , Zhang Ke , Ji Shangdong , Jin Mingshang
Published: January 2023

Metal phosphides with multi-element components and amorphous structure represent a novel kind of electrocatalysts for promising activity and durability towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this work, a two-step strategy, including alloying and phosphating processes, is reported to synthesize trimetallic amorphous PdCuNiP phosphide nanoparticles for efficient OER under alkaline conditions. The synergistic effect between Pd, Cu, Ni, and P elements, as well as the amorphous structure of the obtained PdCuNiP phosphide nanoparticles, would boost the intrinsic catalytic activity of Pd nanoparticles towards a wide range of reactions. These obtained trimetallic amorphous PdCuNiP phosphide nanoparticles exhibit long-term stability, nearly a 20-fold increase in mass activity toward OER compared with the initial Pd nanoparticles, and 223 mV lower in overpotential at 10 mA cm−2. This work not only provides a reliable synthetic strategy for multi-metallic phosphide nanoparticles, but also expands the potential applications of this promising class of multi-metallic amorphous phosphides.
The evolution characteristics of rock fracture instability under cyclic loading on the basis of the enhanced LURR
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Yang Runhai , Tan Junqing , Zhang Yan , Jiang Jinzhong
Published: January 2023

Prospective discrimination of rock instability and fracture is a key problem in mining, slope stability, earthquake triggering, and other research fields. Through the rock fracture experiment, scientists put forward the load unload response ratio (referred to as LURR) to detect the non-linear deformation process of the strain stress curve, judge the degree of rock damage and instability fracture, which is accepted worldwide and has been widely used in seismic risk assessment. But, the extraction of response parameters (including strain, energy, well water level, etc.) are faced with many difficulties in actual observation, which makes the application of results uncertain. In this paper, the change of relative wave velocity is proposed as the loading unloading response parameter. Through rock mechanics experiments, a prospective discrimination method of rock instability and fracture process is constructed. The change characteristics of the LURR in the process of rock instability and fracture under stress are studied, the experiment result show that: when approaching the main fracture, the LURR calculated by taking the transverse strain energy as the response quantity obviously rises and fall back, the acoustic emission energy release rate and event rate are close to exponential acceleration process; The LURR by taking the change of relative wave velocity as the response parameter, first decreases, then fluctuates near zero, and rapidly decreases to below zero when it reaches the critical failure. The change combination of the above parameters’ response ratio can effectively judge the process of rock deformation, instability and fracture under stress. Moreover, this study of the load unload response ratio which takes the change of relative wave velocity as the response parameter, makes up the deficiency of the traditional load unload response ratio method in judging the rock instability of the medium under stress.
Seismological reference earth model in South China (SREM-SC): Crust and uppermost mantle
Authors: Hu Jiamin , Sun Weijia , Liu Congcong , Tang Qingya , Fu Li-Yun
Published: January 2023

The South China Block is located on the eastern margin of the Eurasian Plate and the western margin of the Pacific Plate. The South China Block is currently in a tectonically compressed environment, while the Tibetan Plateau is moving eastward and the Philippine Sea Plate is moving westward from geodetic observations. The South China Block is an ideal place to revisit tectonic history from the Archean to Cenozoic, where its information could be well preserved in the crust. In this study, we aim to build the crustal and uppermost mantle component of the Seismological Reference Earth Model in South China (SREM-SC) to provide a background velocity model for geological interpretations and fine-scale velocity inversion. The S-wave velocity model comes from combining models inverted by ambient noise tomography and surface wave tomography. The P-wave velocity model is obtained from converted S-wave velocity and joint inversion tomography. The density model is inferred from an empirical relationship with P-wave velocity. The Moho depth is obtained by a weighted averaging scheme of previously published receiver function results. The P-wave and S-wave velocity models have a grid interval of 0.5° in both latitude and longitude, and with a vertical sampling interval of 5 km down to the 60 km depth. This work provides the 3-D crust and uppermost mantle structures and a representative reference model beneath South China.
Experimental and numerical analysis of strengthening prestressed concrete cylinder pipes using a post-tensioning method
Authors: Zhao Lijun , Dou Tiesheng , Li Chunlei , Li Meng
Published: January 2023

Prestress loss caused by broken wires can lead to a decline in the carrying capacity of prestressed concrete cylinder pipes (PCCPs). The strengthening of PCCPs using a post-tensioning method is becoming more and more widely utilized to restore strengthened pipes to the needed design capacity and to withstand combined loads. There is no need to drain the pipe during strengthening construction, and this strengthening actively replenishes the prestress loss caused by wire breakage at a cost-effective price. To verify the strengthening effect of this method, a full-scale test and its corresponding three-dimensional finite-element model were established. A three-dimensional numerical model of three continuous prototype pipes was established and accounted for the particularity of the bell and spigot. The numerical model of prestressing wires was optimized in two aspects, which was more in line with the actual situation. The spiral winding method instead of single winding was adopted to apply prestress, and the prestressing wires with a broken point were partitioned into two separate areas due to the bond quality between the mortar coating and the wires. The simulation and the full-scale test both contain the five processes of strengthening with external prestressed strands as follows: pressurized to working pressure→breaking the prestressing wires until visible cracks propagate→gradual depressurization to artesian pressure→the tensioning operation of strands→and pressurized to design pressure. A sensitivity analysis of the related factors of strengthening was performed through finite-element simulation to provide a better understanding of the design. The simulation results were consistent with the data on the full-scale test and indicated the rationality of this process. The strengthening of PCCP with a post-tensioning method can meet the design demand and is a feasible strengthening method. The working pressure and control coefficient of tensioning have the most significant impact on the strengthening effect. Technical recommendations and a better understanding of the application of the post-tensioning method on PCCP are provided in this study.
Experiment research and mechanism analysis on rheological properties of tailings slurry
Authors: Wang Zhiliu , Chen Linlin , Hu Mengxin
Published: January 2023

The particle size and content of tailings are important parameters affecting the rheological properties of tailings slurry. To explore their influence law and mechanism on rheological properties, the experiments of tailings slurry were designed and carried out under different particle sizes and content conditions. The rheological properties of the tailings slurry were quantified in the paper. The Bingham body model was used in the texperiment. The “double 30” theory (“particle size of 30.0 μm” and “content of 30%“) was proposed and expounded. The corresponding theoretical model is established to analyze the mechanism of the above results. The conclusion is as follows. The tailings slurry agreeed to different rheological models with different particle size and content. The rheological behavior of the tailings slurry conforms to the Herschel-Bulkley model for the tailings, whose particle size is no larger than 30.0 μm and content is no larger than 30%. With the increase of the content of fine tailings, its behavior agrees better with the Bingham model. The yield stress and viscosity of tailings slurry in the process of transportation are in accordance with the laws of “double 30” theory. “Particle size of 30.0 μm” and “content of 30%” is the critical point of rheological characteristics of tailings. Based on the obtained results, the corresponding theoretical model was established to discuss the mechanism. The rheological laws of tailings slurry can provide theoretical guidance for reducing pressure and preventing pipeline wear in the process of tailings cementation discharge and pipeline transportation in an iron mine.
Landslide susceptibility evaluation based on active deformation and graph convolutional network algorithm
Authors: Wang Xianmin , Du Aiheng , Hu Fengchang , Liu Zhiwei , Zhang Xinlong , Wang Lizhe , Guo Haixiang
Published: January 2023

Disastrous landslides have become a focus of the world’s attention. Landslide susceptibility evaluation (LSE) can predict where landslides may occur and has caught the attention of scientists all over the world. This work establishes integrated criteria of potential landslide recognition and combines the historical landslides and newly-identified potential landslides to improve the accuracy, rationality, and practicability of a LSE map. Moreover, slope units can well reflect the topographic constraint to landslide occurrence and development, and Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) can well portray the topological and feature relation among various slope units. The combination of slope units and GCN is for the first time employed in LSE. This work focuses on Wanzhou District, a famous landslide-serious region in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and employs multisource data to conduct potential landslide recognition and LSE and to reveal the distribution characteristics of high landslide susceptibility. Some new viewpoints are suggested as follows. 1) The established criteria of potential landslide recognition consist of the characteristics of active deformation, stratum and lithology, tectonics, topography, micro-geomorphology, environment, meteorology, earthquakes, and human engineering activity. These criteria can well eliminate 4 types of false alarm regions and is successfully validated by field survey. 2) 34 potential landslides are newly discovered, and the movement of these potential landslides were controlled or induced by the combined action of soft-hard interbedding rock mass, steep topography, frequent tectonic movement, strong fluvial erosion, abundant precipitation, and intensive road and building construction. 3) The GCN algorithm reaches a relatively high accuracy (AUC: 0.941) and outperforms the other representative machine learning algorithms of Convolutional Neural Network (AUC: 0.926), Support Vector Machine (AUC: 0.835), and CART Tree (AUC: 0.762). 4) High landslide susceptibility is caused by the coupled action of weathered rock cavities, soft rock and swelling soil, strong river erosion, abundant rainfall, and intensive human engineering activity.
Prevention of hypoparathyroidism: A step-by-step near-infrared autofluorescence parathyroid identification method
Authors: Huang Junwei , He Yurong , Wang Yuan , Chen Xiao , Zhang Yang , Chen Xiaohong , Huang Zhigang , Fang Jugao , Zhong Qi
Published: January 2023

Background

Hypoparathyroidism is an important factor that seriously affects the quality of life of patients after thyroidectomy. This study aimed to optimize the surgical procedure for parathyroid identification using near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) during thyroidectomy.

Methods

This was a prospective controlled study that included 100 patients with primary papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed in Beijing Tongren Hospital between June 2021 and April 2022 who were awaiting total thyroidectomy and bilateral neck dissection. The patients were randomly divided into an experimental group in whom step-by-step NIRAF imaging was used to identify parathyroid glands, and a control group in whom NIRAF was not used.

Results

The number of parathyroid glands identified in the NIRAF group was higher than that in the control group (195 vs. 161, p=0.000, Z=-5.186). The proportion of patients with parathyroid glands inadvertently removed in the NIRAF group was lower than that in the control group (2.0% vs. 18.0%, respectively; p=0.008, χ2 = 7.111). In the NIRAF group, we found that more than 95% of the superior parathyroid glands and more than 85% of the inferior parathyroid glands were identified before the dangerous phase, which was much higher than that in the control group. The incidences of temporary hypoparathyroidism, hypocalcemia, and symptomatic hypocalcemia were higher in the control group than those in the NIRAF group. On the first postoperative day, the average parathyroid hormone (PTH) level in the NIRAF group decreased to 38.1% of the preoperative level and that in the control group decreased to 20.0% of the preoperative level (p=0.000, Z=-3.547). On the third postoperative day, the PTH level in 74% of the patients in the NIRAF group recovered to normal levels, whereas it recovered in only 38% of the patients in the control group (p=0.000, χ2 = 13.149). The PTH levels in all patients in the NIRAF group had recovered within 30 days after surgery, whereas one patient in the control group failed to return to the normal level 6 months after surgery and was diagnosed with permanent parathyroidism.

Conclusions

The step-by-step NIRAF parathyroid identification method can effectively locate the parathyroid gland and protect its function.
In-silico evaluation of an artificial pancreas achieving automatic glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Liu Wenping , Chen Ting , Liang Bingjin , Wang Yanran , Jin Haoyu
Published: January 2023

Artificial pancreas (AP) is a useful tool for maintaining the blood glucose (BG) of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) within the euglycemic range. An intelligent controller has been developed based on general predictive control (GPC) for AP. This controller exhibits good performance with the UVA/Padova T1D mellitus simulator approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. In this work, the GPC controller was further evaluated under strict conditions, including a pump with noise and error, a CGM sensor with noise and error, a high carbohydrate intake, and a large population of 100 in-silico subjects. Test results showed that the subjects are in high risk for hypoglycemia. Thus, an insulin on board (IOB) calculator, as well as an adaptive control weighting parameter (AW) strategy, was introduced. The percentage of time spent in euglycemic range of the in-silico subjects was 86.0% ± 5.8%, and the patient group had a low risk of hypoglycemia with the GPC+IOB+AW controller. Moreover, the proposed AW strategy is more effective in hypoglycemia prevention and does not require any personalized data compared with the IOB calculator. Thus, the proposed controller realized an automatic control of the BG of patients with T1D without meal announcements and complex user interaction.
Optimal topology control of monitoring sensor network based on physical layer security for smart photovoltaic power system
Authors: Xiao Xiaobing , Li Yue , He Xiaomeng , Cai Yongxiang , Xiao Yong , Huang Boyang , Jin Xin
Published: January 2023

In order to realize the intelligent management of photovoltaic power generation system, wireless sensor network (WSN) is considered as a promised solution. However, the energy of sensor nodes in WSN is limited and the security is not guaranteed. In order to prolong the service life of WSN and to improve the security of monitoring, this paper comprehensively considers the factors those affect the security and efficiency of WSN, such as transmission power, sensor association and the choice of Cluster Head (CH). Therefore, this paper proposes a joint sensor secure rate and energy efficiency optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal topology and transmission power design. Then, an effective iterative algorithm based on Block Coordinate Descent (BCD) technology is proposed to obtain the optimal solution to minimize the energy consumption of WSN and maximize the secure rate of sensor networks, thus ensuring the security and reliability of monitoring. Sensor association is modeled as a 0–1 multi-knapsack optimization problem. Different complexity methods are implemented to solve this NP-hard problem, and their performance are compared with simulations.
Genetic diversity and structure of Brycon henni in regulated and non-regulated water flow rivers of the Colombian Andes
Authors: Herrera-Pérez J. , Jiménez-Segura L. F. , Márquez E. J. , Campo O. , Soto-Calderón I. D.
Published: January 2023

The sabaleta, Brycon henni, is a medium-size fish species found in the Andean range of the Magdalena-Cauca river basin in Colombia, where it is a fishery resource. Recruitment of sabaleta has affected construction of dams with unknown consequences on its genetic diversity and structure. Understanding the current genetic architecture in the dam-influenced areas compared to non-regulated water flow systems is crucial to diagnose the impact of human interventions and formulate proper management strategies. In this study, we evaluated the genetic structure and diversity of B. henni by using a set of microsatellites in individuals from 14 localities to identify the number of distinct genetic pools. We used various approaches to compare populations between regulated and non-regulated areas in the Magdalena-Cauca basin, and identified eleven well-differentiated and highly diverse population groups with marked genetic structures at local and regional levels. Genetic diversity of B. henni was very similar among non-regulated and dam-regulated water flow areas; however, one of the populations in non-regulated areas showed evidence of a founder effect associated with recent introductions. The effect of dams on the genetic structure of B. henni in the Magdalena-Cauca basin was negligible, probably due to their recent construction. Future reduction of genetic diversity and the loss of unique populations is expected due to the combined effect of geographic isolation and population declines. Thus, monitoring programs are necessary to detect changes in the genetic structure of fish populations to develop useful conservation actions.
Asymmetric volatility connectedness between cryptocurrencies and energy: Dynamics and determinants
Authors: Wan Yang , Song Yuncheng , Zhang Xinqian , Yin Zhichao
Published: January 2023

We explore the dynamics and determinants of volatility connectedness between cryptocurrencies and energy. We employed a block dynamic equicorrelation model and a group volatility connectedness measurement to measure the cross-equicorrelation and volatility connectedness between cryptocurrencies and energy. We also adopted dynamic model averaging to identify the time-varying drivers. The results suggest that changes in cross-equicorrelation between the two groups were affected by influential global events and increased after the COVID-19 pandemic. Volatilities were transmitted in both directions between cryptocurrencies and energy, but the transmission from energy to cryptocurrencies is by far the strongest. The driver identification implies that the factors related to cryptocurrencies and global financial markets had important roles in explaining the volatility connectedness from cryptocurrencies to energy in some periods after the COVID-19 pandemic, but the effects were marginal. In contrast, factors such as electricity consumption, cryptocurrency turnovers, and VIX were important in affecting the volatility connectedness from energy to cryptocurrencies, and the effects depended on factors and changed over time.