bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative safety and effectiveness of rivaroxaban versus VKAs in patients with venous thromboembolism
Authors: Sindet-Pedersen Caroline , Pallisgaard Jannik Langtved , Staerk Laila , Gerds Thomas Alexander , Fosbøl Emil Loldrup , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Gislason Gunnar , Olesen Jonas Bjerring
Published: March 2017

The approval of rivaroxaban has changed the landscape of treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Little is known about the effect of rivaroxaban compared with vitamin K antagonists (VKA), when used in the everyday clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of rivaroxaban compared with VKAs among patients with VTE, using the Danish nationwide registries. All patients diagnosed with VTE and treated with either rivaroxaban or VKAs between 2013 and 2015 were included. A total of 12,318 patients were diagnosed with VTE and treated with VKAs [n=6,907] or rivaroxaban [n=5,411.]. Combined Cox regression analyses showed that the standardised absolute six-month risk of recurrent VTE was 3.03 % [95 % CI: 2.57 % to 3.48 %] in the rivaroxaban group and 3.13 % [95 % CI: 2.70 % to 3.56 %] in the VKA group (absolute risk difference of –0.11 % [95 % CI: –0.76 % to 0.54 %]). The standardised absolute six-months risk of bleeding was 2.28 % [95 % CI: 1.87 % to 2.67 %] for patients in the rivaroxaban group and 2.10 % [95 % CI: 1.78 % to 2.43 %] in the VKA group (absolute risk difference of 0.18 % [95 % CI: –0.34 % to 0.67]). In conclusion, rivaroxaban was associated with similar risk of recurrent VTE and bleeding compared with VKA.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ІНФЕКЦІЙНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПРИ ЗДІЙСНЕННІ МЕДСЕСТРИНСЬКОГО ДОГЛЯДУ ЗА ПАЦІЄНТАМИ З ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯМИ ОРГАНІВ ДИХАННЯ
Authors: Horodetskyy V. Ye. , Stelmakh O. M. , Dankovyh N. S.
Published: March 2017

У статті описано основні аспекти медсестринського догляду, яких повинна дотримуватися медична сестра при роботі з пацієнтами із захворюваннями органів дихання. При здійсненні даного медсестринського процесу важливе місце займає дотримання заходів щодо інфекційної безпеки медичних працівників.
МОДИФІКОВАНІ ФАКТОРИ РИЗИКУ ІШЕМІЧНОЇ ХВОРОБИ СЕРЦЯ У СВІТІ
Authors: Sydorenko O. L. , Kovbasa N. M. , Deus V. Ye.
Published: March 2017

У статті проведено порівняльну характеристику факторів ризику розвитку ішемічної хвороби серця серед населення різних регіонів світу, зокрема Європи, України, США та Субсахаральної Африки. Наголошено на важливості усунення модифікованих факторів ризику як засобу зниження серцево-судинної смертності у світі.
РОЛЬ ФІКСОВАНИХ КОМБІНАЦІЙ ПРЕПАРАТІВ У ЛІКУВАННІ АРТЕРІАЛЬНОЇ ГІПЕРТЕНЗІЇ В ТЕРАПЕВТИЧНОМУ СТАЦІОНАРІ ЗА РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМИ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНОГО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ
Authors: Vinnikova N. V. , Shmanko V. V.
Published: March 2017

У статті на основі ретроспективного фармакоепідеміологічного аналізу оцінено ефективність лікування артеріальної гіпертензії, дано фармакоекономічну оцінку антигіпертензивним лікарським засобам, розроблено шляхи оптимізації антигіпертензивної терапії у хворих в лікарняних закладах охорони здоров’я.На основі ретроспективної оцінки ефективності антигіпертензивної терапії та даних фармакоекономічного аналізу визначено раціональні комбінації антигіпертензивних засобів, які використовуються в реальній клінічній практиці для лікування.
ДИТЯЧА ЗАХВОРЮВАНІСТЬ НА ТУБЕРКУЛЬОЗ, ЯК АКТУАЛЬНА ПРОБЛЕМА СЬОГОДЕННЯ
Authors: Perepelytsia A. V.
Published: March 2017

У статті розглянуто актуальну проблему захворюваності населення України на туберкульоз. Проаналізовано сучасну ситуацію випадків на туберкульоз серед дітей та підлітків. Акцентовано увагу на необхідності залучення до основних шляхів профілактики захворювання середнього медичного персоналу первинної ланки, медичних сестер шкільної освіти.
ВИЗНАЧАЛЬНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ФАКТОРИ СИНДРОМУ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО ВИГОРАННЯ У МЕДСЕСТЕР ГАНИ
Authors: Asare G.
Published: March 2017

Дане міжгрупове дослідження було проведено нами з метою з'ясування причини відмови медсестер Гани від практики «біля ліжка хворого» та переходу в інші медсестринські спеціальності, які виключають роботу біля ліжка хворого, після відносно короткого періоду практики. Було проведено опитування 52 кваліфікованих медсестер державної лікарні області Кваху з використанням опитувальників для самостійного заповнення. Виявили, що всі медичні сестри у віці до 30 років проявили значну зацікавленість стосовно спеціальностей, які виключають роботу біля ліжка хворого, вказавши різні причини цього. Приблизно 82,7 % медсестер вважають, що робота медсестер біля ліжка хворого знаходиться під загрозою зникнення, оскільки медсестри звільняються з такої роботи.
Conocimiento: custodia & acceso
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Ferreira Sueli Mara Soares Pinto , Targino Maria das Graças , Galindo Marcos , Sales Luana Faria ,   Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Sayao Luis Fernando ,   Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Published: March 2017

La muestra Conocimiento:custodia & acceso revisita el legado histórico del conocimiento de la humanidad depositado en las bibliotecas. Apunta, por lo tanto, a cambios en las bases tecnológicas de las actuales bibliotecas y a los diferentes contextos socioeconómicos y culturales en los que se transmutan en agentes de transformación y productoras de revoluciones culturales. Dialoga, también, sobre los impactos de las tecnologías de información y de comunicación (TIC) con relación a la sociedad contemporánea, altamente impregnada de las innovaciones tecnológicas, las que estimulan el imaginario social e individual y explora el potencial de innovación ofrecido en el presente, fundamentado en recursos tecnológicos de p´reservación y de acceso al conocimiento. Todo ello apuntando hacia la reordenación del pensamiento de los ciudadanos en un futuro próximo o distante. De esta forma, en el umbral de sus 30 años de existencia, el Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas de la Universidad de São Paulo (SIBiUSP) busca tornar transparente la acción de más de 800 profesionales (de nivel superior, técnico y básico) en 44 bibliotecas ubicadas en campus distribuidos en nueve ciudades del Estado de São Paulo. Son bibliotecas que abrigan un acervo de más de 10 mil títulos de periódicos, 100 mil tesis defendidas en la USP, 594 mil ítems de producción USP, 264 mil libros electrónicos (ebooks), 4,5 millones de préstamos por año, 1,5 millón de consultas bibliográficas anuales.Además de ello, son nueve millones de accesos al portal Capes (Coordinación de Perfeccionamiento de Personal de Nivel Superior) de Periódicos, 40 mil pedidos de conmutación atendidos, 18 mil participantes en eventos y cursos promovidos anualmente por el Sistema, entre otros datos.
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (Fish Oil) Supplementation and the Prevention of Clinical Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Siscovick David S. , Barringer Thomas A. , Fretts Amanda M. , Wu Jason H.Y. , Lichtenstein Alice H. , Costello Rebecca B. , Kris-Etherton Penny M. , Jacobson Terry A. , Engler Mary B. , Alger Heather M. , Appel Lawrence J. , Mozaffarian Dariush
Published: March 2017

Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed the effects of supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, commonly called fish oils) on the occurrence of clinical cardiovascular diseases. Although the effects of supplementation for the primary prevention of clinical cardiovascular events in the general population have not been examined, RCTs have assessed the role of supplementation in secondary prevention among patients with diabetes mellitus and prediabetes, patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease, and those with prevalent coronary heart disease. In this scientific advisory, we take a clinical approach and focus on common indications for omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements related to the prevention of clinical cardiovascular events. We limited the scope of our review to large RCTs of supplementation with major clinical cardiovascular disease end points; meta-analyses were considered secondarily. We discuss the features of available RCTs and provide the rationale for our recommendations. We then use existing American Heart Association criteria to assess the strength of the recommendation and the level of evidence. On the basis of our review of the cumulative evidence from RCTs designed to assess the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on clinical cardiovascular events, we update prior recommendations for patients with prevalent coronary heart disease, and we offer recommendations, when data are available, for patients with other clinical indications, including patients with diabetes mellitus and prediabetes and those with high risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation.
Plasma and Cardiac Galectin-3 in Patients With Heart Failure Reflects Both Inflammation and Fibrosis
Authors: Besler Christian , Lang David , Urban Daniel , Rommel Karl-Philipp , von Roeder Maximilian , Fengler Karl , Blazek Stephan , Kandolf Reinhard , Klingel Karin , Thiele Holger , Linke Axel , Schuler Gerhard , Adams Volker , Lurz Philipp
Published: March 2017

Background—

Galectin (Gal)-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin and currently intensely studied as a biomarker in heart failure. Gal-3 also exerts proinflammatory effects, at least in extracardiac tissues. Objective of this study was to characterize the relationship of plasma and myocardial Gal-3 levels with cardiac fibrosis and inflammation in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and inflammatory cardiomyopathy (iCMP).

Methods and Results—

Endomyocardial biopsies and blood samples were obtained from patients with newly diagnosed cardiomyopathy and clinical suspicion of myocarditis. According to histopathologic findings, patients were classified as having dilated cardiomyopathy (n=40) or iCMP (n=75). Cardiac fibrosis was assessed histologically on endomyocardial biopsy sections. In patients with iCMP, myocardial Gal-3 expression significantly correlated with inflammatory cell count on endomyocardial biopsy (
r
=0.56;
P
<0.05). In contrast, an inverse association was observed between myocardial Gal-3 expression and cardiac fibrosis in patients with iCMP (
r
=−0.59;
P
<0.05). In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, myocardial Gal-3 expression correlated with cardiac fibrosis on left ventricular biopsy (
P
=0.63;
P
<0.01). Of note, in both groups, plasma Gal-3 levels did not correlate with myocardial Gal-3 levels or left ventricular fibrosis, whereas a positive correlation between plasma Gal-3 levels and inflammatory cell count on endomyocardial biopsy was observed in patients with iCMP.

Conclusions—

The present study suggests that myocardial Gal-3 can be considered as a possible marker for both cardiac inflammation and fibrosis, depending on the pathogenesis of heart failure. However, circulating concentrations of Gal-3 do not seem to reflect endomyocardial Gal-3 levels or cardiac fibrosis.
Activated TAFI Promotes the Development of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Satoh Taijyu , Satoh Kimio , Yaoita Nobuhiro , Kikuchi Nobuhiro , Omura Junichi , Kurosawa Ryo , Numano Kazuhiko , Al-Mamun Elias , Siddique Mohammad Abdul Hai , Sunamura Shinichiro , Nogi Masamichi , Suzuki Kota , Miyata Satoshi , Morser John , Shimokawa Hiroaki
Published: March 2017

Rationale:

Pulmonary hypertension is a fatal disease; however, its pathogenesis still remains to be elucidated. Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is synthesized by the liver and inhibits fibrinolysis. Plasma TAFI levels are significantly increased in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients.

Objective:

To determine the role of activated TAFI (TAFIa) in the development of CTEPH.

Methods and Results:

Immunostaining showed that TAFI and its binding partner thrombomodulin (TM) were highly expressed in the pulmonary arteries (PAs) and thrombus in patients with CTEPH. Moreover, plasma levels of TAFIa were increased 10-fold in CTEPH patients compared with controls. In mice, chronic hypoxia caused a 25-fold increase in plasma levels of TAFIa with increased plasma levels of thrombin and TM, which led to thrombus formation in PA, vascular remodeling, and pulmonary hypertension. Consistently, plasma clot lysis time was positively correlated with plasma TAFIa levels in mice. Additionally, overexpression of TAFIa caused organized thrombus with multiple obstruction of PA flow and reduced survival rate under hypoxia in mice. Bone marrow transplantation showed that circulating plasma TAFI from the liver, not in the bone marrow, was activated locally in PA endothelial cells through interactions with thrombin and TM. Mechanistic experiments demonstrated that TAFIa increased PA endothelial permeability, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and monocyte/macrophage activation. Importantly, TAFIa inhibitor and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-α agonists significantly reduced TAFIa and ameliorated animal models of pulmonary hypertension in mice and rats.

Conclusions:

These results indicate that TAFIa could be a novel biomarker and realistic therapeutic target of CTEPH.
Activation of CD137 Signaling Promotes Angiogenesis in Atherosclerosis via Modulating Endothelial Smad1/5‐NFATc1 Pathway
Authors: Weng Jiayi , Wang Cuiping , Zhong Wei , Li Bo , Wang Zhongqun , Shao Chen , Chen Yao , Yan Jinchuan
Published: March 2017

Background

Excessive angiogenesis is a key feature of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, and is considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk.
CD
137 signaling has previously been shown to be involved in atherosclerosis. However, the possible role of
CD
137 signaling in regulating angiogenesis has not been reported.

Methods and Results

Apolipoprotein E‐deficient (ApoE
−/−
) mice were used as the in vivo model of atherosclerosis. Masson and immunohistochemical analysis of atherosclerotic plaques and Matrigel plug assay were used to evaluate the angiogenesis. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells were used as in vitro and ex vivo models to study how
CD
137 signaling affects angiogenesis. Matrigel tube formation assay, mouse aortic ring angiogenesis assay, and migration and proliferation assay were employed to assess angiogenesis. Western blot was used to detect protein expression. We found increased neovessel formation in atherosclerotic plaques of ApoE
−/−
mice treated with agonist anti‐
CD
137 antibody. Activation of
CD
137 signaling induced angiogenesis, endothelial proliferation, and endothelial cell migration.
CD
137 signaling activates the pro‐angiogenic Smad1/5 pathway, induces the phosphorylation of Smad1/5 and nuclear translocation of p‐Smad1/5, which in turn promotes the expression and translocation of
NFAT
c1. Blocking
CD
137 signaling with inhibitory anti‐
CD
137 antibody could inhibit this activation and attenuated agonist anti‐
CD
137 antibody‐induced angiogenesis.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that
CD
137 signaling is a new regulator of angiogenesis by modulating the Smad1/5‐
NFAT
c1 pathway.
Foul Grapes: Figurative Smells and the Message of the Song of the Vineyard (Isa 5:1-7)
Authors: Avrahami Yael
Published: March 2017

This article demonstrates that a semantic analysis of the word beʾushim deepens and nuances our understanding of the Song of the Vineyard (Isa 5:1-7). The article discusses the literal meaning of the root bʾš, ‘to have a bad smell’, as well as the its array of derived meanings. Then it applies this network of meanings in an exegesis of the rhetoric and message of the song. Furthermore, this article argues that the attribution of bad smells in prophetic literature is part of a larger scheme of retribution. Bad smells serve as a metaphor for punishment while good smells signify restoration.
According to Which “Law of Moses”? Cult Centralization in Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles
Authors: Giffone Benjamin D.
Published: March 2017

The Chronicler, as an early interpreter of Samuel and Kings, alerts us to the diverse understandings of (or emphases in) cult centralization that are represented in these texts and in the Pentateuch. Recent studies demonstrate the Chronicler’s apparent desire to bring his source narratives into compliance with both Deuteronomic and Levitical understandings of Law. In light of this observation, reading backward from the Chronicler’s opinion on centralization may help us evaluate the model of centralization represented in the final form of Samuel and Kings. Such a reading will demonstrate that Samuel is in fact a “Deuteronomistic” book, exhibiting the precise view of cult centralization that one would expect from a book that advances the Deuteronomistic narrative in the way that it does—that is, the “discovery” of “the place which yhwh will choose to set his name to dwell there.”
Entoloma chamaemori (Entolomataceae, Basidiomycota)—a new boreal species, with isolated phylogenetic position
Authors: NOORDELOOS MACHIEL EVERT , DIMA BÁLINT , WEHOLT ØYVIND , EIDISSEN SIW ELIN , LORÅS JOSTEIN , BRANDRUD TOR ERIK
Published: March 2017

A new Entoloma species is fully described from the Holmvassdalen Nature Reserve in Nordland, Norway, based on morphological, ecological and molecular characteristics. Its position within the genus is discussed.
Cambarus (C.) appalachiensis, a new species of crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the New River Basin of Virginia and West Virginia, USA
Authors: LOUGHMAN ZACHARY J. , WELSH STUART A. , THOMA ROGER F.
Published: March 2017

Cambarus (Cambarus) appalachiensis is a stream-dwelling crayfish endemic to the greater New River basins of Virginia and West Virginia. The new species is morphologically most similar to Cambarus sciotensis. Cambarus appalachiensis can be differentiated from C. sciotensis by its more elongated chelae which possess a single mesial row of tubercles, reduced to no tuberculation on the dorsal-longitudinal ridge of the dactyl, and reduced lateral impression. Cambarus sciotensis has a more subrectangular chelae with two rows of mesial margin tubercles on the chelae, as well as both a pronounced dorsal-longitudinal ridge and pronounced lateral impression. Several chelae meristic ratios also differentiate C. appalachiensis from C. sciotensis. Within the New, Gauley, and lower portions of the Greenbrier basins C. appalachiensis is the dominant tertiary burrowing Cambarus species, and as such, is considered stable across its range.
Classification of Australian Thunderstorms Using Multivariate Analyses of Large-Scale Atmospheric Variables
Authors: Bates Bryson C. , Dowdy Andrew J. , Chandler Richard E.
Published: March 2017

Lightning accompanied by inconsequential rainfall (i.e., “dry” lightning) is the primary natural ignition source for wildfires globally. This paper presents a machine-learning and statistical-classification analysis of dry and “wet” thunderstorm days in relation to associated atmospheric conditions. The study is based on daily data for lightning-flash count and precipitation from ground-based sensors and gauges and a comprehensive set of atmospheric variables that are based on ERA-Interim for the period from 2004 to 2013 at six locations in Australia. These locations represent a wide range of climatic zones (temperate, subtropical, and tropical). Quadratic surface representations and low-dimensional summary statistics were used to characterize the main features of the atmospheric fields. Four prediction skill scores were considered, and 10-fold cross validation was used to evaluate the performance of each classifier. The results were compared with those obtained by adopting the approach used in an earlier study for the U.S. Pacific Northwest. It was found that both approaches have prediction skill when tested against independent data, that mean atmospheric field quantities proved to be the most influential variables in determining dry-lightning activity, and that no single classifier or set of atmospheric variables proved to be consistently superior to its counterpart for the six sites examined here.
Variations of Northern Hemisphere Storm Track and Extratropical Cyclone Activity Associated with the Madden–Julian Oscillation
Authors: Guo Yanjuan , Shinoda Toshiaki , Lin Jialin , Chang Edmund K. M.
Published: March 2017

This study investigates the intraseasonal variations of the Northern Hemispheric storm track associated with the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) during the extended boreal winter (November–April) using 36 yr (1979–2014) of reanalysis data from ERA-Interim. Two methods have been used to diagnose storm-track variations. In the first method, the storm track is quantified by the temporal-filtered variance of 250-hPa meridional wind (vv250) or mean sea level pressure (pp). The intraseasonal anomalies of vv250 composited for eight MJO phases are characterized by a zonal band of strong positive (or negative) anomalies meandering from the Pacific all the way across North America and the Atlantic into northern Europe, with weaker anomalies of opposite sign at one or both flanks. The results based on pp are consistent with those based on vv250 except for larger zonal variations, which may be induced by surface topography. In the second method, an objective cyclone-tracking scheme has been used to track the extratropical cyclones that compose the storm track. The MJO-composite anomalies of the “accumulated” cyclone activity, a quantity that includes contributions from both the cyclone frequency and cyclone mean intensity, are very similar to those based on pp. Further analysis demonstrates that major contribution comes from variations in the cyclone frequency. Further analysis suggests that the intraseasonal variations of the storm track can be primarily attributed to the variations of the mean flow that responds to the anomalous MJO convections in the tropics, with possible contribution also from the moisture variations.
Water Exchange across Isobaths over the Continental Shelf of the East China Sea
Authors: Zhang Jing , Guo Xinyu , Zhao Liang , Miyazawa Yasumasa , Sun Qun
Published: March 2017

Onshore and offshore currents and the associated volume transport across three isobaths (50, 100, and 200 m) over the continental shelf of the East China Sea were examined using daily reanalysis data in 1993–2012. After being averaged along the isobaths, the velocities across 100 and 50 m are onshore in the bottom layer but offshore in the surface layer. In contrast, those across the 200-m isobath are onshore in the surface and bottom layers but without a clear direction in the midlayer, suggesting a three-layer structure. The surface offshore current across the 100-m isobath mainly arises from the Taiwan Strait Current, while the surface onshore current across the 200-m isobath mainly arises from the Kuroshio, both of which converge in the area between the 100- and 200-m isobaths and flow toward the Tsushima Strait. The control of bottom Ekman dynamics on the onshore bottom currents is important at the 100-m isobath, partly important at the 200-m isobath, and slightly important at the 50-m isobath. The seasonal variations of onshore and offshore currents in the surface layers across the three isobaths are likely caused by local winds, the Taiwan Strait Current, and the Changjiang discharge, while those in midlayer across the 200-m isobath demonstrate a strong geostrophic control and can be interpreted from a traditional viewpoint on the Kuroshio intrusion over the entire water column across the shelf slope. The close connection of bottom onshore currents across the three isobaths suggests that the bottom layer is an important pathway for water exchange of shelf water and the open sea.
Art and visual culture in Ivan Vladislavić’s Portrait with Keys
Authors: Poyner Jane
Published: March 2017

This article argues that South African author Ivan Vladislavić’s fictionalized memoir, Portrait with Keys: The City of Johannesburg Unlocked (2006), through its portrayal of visual culture and an enabling process of what the narrator, Vlad, calls “seeing and then seeing again” (2006: 89), “rehabilitates” (Coombes, 2003: 23) Johannesburg’s potentially alienating post-apartheid urban environment depicted in Portrait as having been indelibly inscribed by the apartheid state. Through the idea of “seeing and then seeing again”, I argue, the author stages an act of cultural rehabilitation, one that constitutes both artistic and ideological revision. Extending Walter Benjamin’s notion that the photographic image uniquely constellates the past and the present — of which “seeing and then seeing again” is therefore a form — I show that through his depiction of visual culture, Vladislavić engages critically with South African history in the present, and, consequently, his own historical position as white and thus always already a beneficiary of the apartheid regime. From this, I go on to argue that the method of “seeing and then seeing again” inverts the genre of Euroimperial travel writing theorized by Mary Louise Pratt in Imperial Eyes to lay bare questions of scopic power, including Vlad’s own.
Wonderful Life: Exploring Wonder in Meaningful Moments
Authors: van de Goor Jacky , Sools Anneke M. , Westerhof Gerben J. , Bohlmeijer Ernst T.
Published: March 2017

In this article, we bring the study of meaning together with the emerging field of study focusing on the emotions of wonder: wonder, enchantment, awe, and being moved. It is in meaningful moments that these two meet, and in our empirical study, we used the emotions of wonder as a lens to investigate meaningful moments. We applied a novel intervention, the Wonderful Life question, to elicit narratives of meaningful moments from 100 participants varying in age, profession, and social status. Using characteristics of wonder retrieved from the wonder literature to qualitatively analyze these narratives, we identified five types of meaningful moments: opening up to life, facing the precarity of life, celebrations, countering the negative, and familiar routines. The study deepens insight in the way meaning is discovered in different types of meaningful moments. It supports the premise that there is potential meaning in any moment in life, and the mind-set of wonder enabling the discovery of meaning. Finally, it pleads for the use of the Wonderful Life question as a means to elicit a wide spectrum of meaningful moments.
A novel method for estimating the heading angle for underground Load-Haul-Dump based on Ultra Wideband
Authors: Wu Di , Meng Yu , Gu Qing , Ma Fei , Zhan Kai
Published: March 2017

This paper presents a system that measures the heading angle of underground Load-Haul-Dump (LHD) based on Ultra Wideband (UWB). The system is composed by two UWB modules. The heading angle gives the predictable information for the vehicle localization. Because of the features of underground mines, many current methods for estimating heading angle have limitations in this situation, such as the absence of Global Positioning System (GPS) and the high cost of the positioning methods based on beacons. The range resolution is proportional to the bandwidth of signal. So, the large system bandwidth of UWB offers high accuracy. We estimate the heading angle by measuring the angle between two UWB modules, which is implemented on LHD. The position error of the two modules directly decides the error of heading angle. This paper analyzes and discusses two-dimensional error in theory. The experimental results demonstrate that it is feasible to use the proposed method for an underground environment.
A fast multi-level algorithm for community detection in directed online social networks
Authors: Su Chang , Guan Xiaohong , Du Youtian , Wang Qian , Wang Fei
Published: March 2017

The discovery of underlying community structures plays a significant role in online social network (OSN) analysis. Many previous methods suffer from inaccuracy or incompleteness in community descriptions because of the multiple factors affecting OSNs and the high computational complexity caused by the large scale of these networks. We present a new community detection approach that focuses on two aspects. First, it relies on a combination of user interests and cohesiveness in describing community structures. Second, it introduces a multi-level community discovery algorithm for large-scale OSN datasets. The algorithm consists of three steps: (1) network coarsening based on the combination of two categories of properties, (2) stochastic inference to find an initial community assignment over the coarsest network and (3) projection and refinement of this assignment to obtain the final community detection result by solving a semi-supervised learning problem. The combination of user interests and cohesiveness leads to a complete and well-interpreted description of the communities embedded in OSNs, and the multi-level algorithm speeds up the computation process and improves the likelihood of finding the global optimal solution by reducing the parameter space. Experiments conducted on both synthetic and real datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method.
Binding and unbinding
Authors: Chartier Roger
Published: March 2017

This essay sets out to analyse the seven successive or contemporary forms in which Shakespeare’s poems and plays were published from the 1590s until the end of the eighteenth century. It highlights a dual tendency: On the one hand, Shakespeare’s texts were bound together with those of other authors or exclusively with his own (as in the Folio of 1623 and the Works of the eighteenth century), while on the other, his texts were fragmented and dispersed in commonplace books and anthologies of their finest passages.
Preventing disproportionate displacements in an annular crossed cable-truss structure
Authors: Liu Renjie , Xue Suduo , Li Xiongyan , Mollaert Marijke , Sun Guojun
Published: March 2017

Disproportionate displacements in prestressed mechanisms raise concerns widely. Component rupture can result in disproportionate displacements of a major part of prestressed mechanisms. In general, increasing the cross-sectional area of structural members will be of little effect to prevent this kind of failure. A new type of prestressed mechanism named annular crossed cable-truss structure has been proposed. The new configuration shows advantages in preventing disproportionate displacements. An annular crossed cable-truss structure [Formula: see text] is analyzed to evaluate the effect of the sudden rupture of a connection through the instantaneous component removal of the elements linked to it, using ANSYS/LS-DYNA. It is illustrated by the simulations that disproportionate displacements do not occur. Increasing the cross-sectional area of structural members with an appropriate amount can be an effective way to postpone failure of the structural members in which the axial force increases due to internal force redistribution and dynamic amplification effect. Hence, it can be concluded that the annular crossed cable-truss structure has an excellent performance with respect to hazards causing individual connections to fail.
Cynicism ex machina: The emotionality of reporting the ‘refugee crisis’ and Paris terrorist attacks in Czech Television
Authors: Kotišová Johana
Published: March 2017

The article seeks to explore crisis reporters’ emotional culture. Their emotional practices are believed to lie at the core of the paradox of the traditional commitment to objectivity/detachment and witnessing other people’s suffering, and thus to be vital for understanding crisis reporting. The article, focusing on reporting the so-called ‘refugee crisis’ and the 13 November Paris terrorist attacks by Czech Television, addresses the question on how crisis reporters’ emotions are articulated by the processes of crisis reporting. The findings, based on (non-)participant observation in newsrooms and semi-structured interviews with journalists, suggest that repetitive reporting of the emotionally disturbing events and witnessing close or distant suffering may result in declared cynicism. The cynicism is understood as a prerequisite for successful performance of the job; at the same time, it is perceived as an emotional posture that threatens professional ideology.
Effectiveness of an overall progressive resistance strength program for improving the functional capacity of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lourenzi Felipe Martinelli , Jones Anamaria , Pereira Daniele Freitas , Santos João Henrique Costa Alves dos , Furtado Rita Nely Vilar , Natour Jamil
Published: March 2017

Objective:

To evaluate the effectiveness of overall progressive resistance training in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Design:

Randomized controlled clinical trial with blinded assessor and intention-to-treat analysis.

Setting:

Outpatient clinics.

Subjects:

Sixty patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria, aged between 18 and 65 years old, under stable medication and not performing regular physical activity were randomized into two groups: intervention group (IG) and control group (CG).

Interventions:

IG performed the progressive resistance strength training, twice a week, during 12 weeks. The training consists of exercising various muscle groups using a load of 50% and 70% of one repetition maximum. The load was reassessed and adjusted after six weeks of baseline. Both groups remained in conventional drug treatment during the study.

Main measures:

Patients were evaluated at baseline and after 6, 12, and 24 weeks, using HAQ and SF-36 questionnaires and strength.

Results:

Thirty-three patients in the CG and 27 in the IG were evaluated. The groups were homogeneous at baseline. Statistical and clinical improvement were found with better results for the IG in the HAQ questionnaire ( P=0.030), functional capacity (0=0.022) and pain ( P=0.027) domains of SF-36; and muscle strength for flexors of right and left knee ( P=0.005 and p=0.14), abductors of shoulder ( P=0.041) and extensors of right and left wrists ( P=0.003 and P= 0.005).

Conclusions:

This progressive resistance strength training improves physical function as well as grip and muscular strength of knee flexors, shoulder abductors and wrist extensors in patients with RA, without adverse effects.
Exercise interventions in multiple sclerosis rehabilitation need better reporting on comorbidities: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Bisson Etienne J , Fakolade Afolasade , Pétrin Julie , Lamarre Julie , Finlayson Marcia
Published: March 2017

Objective:

To identify the extent to which exercise intervention studies in multiple sclerosis rehabilitation are addressing comorbidities and if researchers consider comorbidities as possible moderators or mediators of exercise outcomes.

Methods:

Five databases were searched from inception to January 8, 2016, for exercise-related terms in combination with multiple sclerosis. Studies were screened and limited to randomized control trials, full text, and English language. We assessed whether comorbidities were excluded or included, how they were reported and described, and if they were examined as possible moderators or mediators of exercise outcomes.

Results:

We reviewed 99 articles that included various exercise interventions, where the most common were general multi-faceted exercise training ( n=34), cardiovascular training ( n=18), progressive-resistance training ( n=12), and balance and gait training ( n=12). In total, 77 of 99 studies reported one or more comorbidities as an exclusion criterion. The most commonly excluded comorbidities were cardiovascular diseases, cognitive impairments or psychiatric disorders, and unspecified conditions or contraindications. Only nine studies reported details on excluded participants with comorbidities. Across studies that reported comorbidities of included participants ( n=8), none examined comorbidities as possible moderators or mediators of exercise outcomes.

Conclusion:

Although a variety of exercise interventions have positive outcomes, there is limited evidence that these interventions are generalizable to people with multiple sclerosis who have comorbid conditions.
industriAll European trade union: Over 20 years of working with European Works Councils
Authors: Conchon Aline , Triangle Luc
Published: March 2017

industriAll Europe, and its predecessor European Trade Union Federations in the manufacturing, mining and energy sectors, has played a key role in the formation and development of European Works Councils (EWCs) since the inception of pioneer transnational information and consultation bodies in the 1990s. Some 560 EWCs now operate under its remit, accounting for half the total currently functioning. To date, only fragmentary accounts exist of its over 20 years of practical and political experience in assisting EWCs. This article thus provides a unique insight. We examine the demographics of these EWCs and discuss how industriAll Europe handles European worker representation, provide a critical assessment of the Recast EWC Directive and outline the broad range of instruments and policies developed over time to guide and support EWCs in industrial sectors.
A blended link approach to relative risk regression
Authors: Clark Robert G , Barr Margo
Published: March 2017

A binary health outcome may be regressed on covariates using a log link, rather than more typical link functions such as the logit. This allows the exponentiated regression coefficient for each covariate to be interpreted as a relative risk conditional on the remaining covariates. Relative risks are simpler to interpret than the odds ratios which arise with a logit link. There are practical and conceptual challenges in log-link binary regression, mainly due to the requirement that probabilities are less than or equal to 1. Viable probabilities are now usually achieved by the imposition of a constraint on the parameter space, but the log link function is still more work to apply in practice. We propose instead a new smooth link function which is equal to the log up to a cutoff and a linearly scaled logit function above the cutoff. The new approach is conceptually clearer, simpler to implement and generally less biased, and it retains the relative risk interpretation for all but the highest risk individuals. Alternative binary regressions are compared using a simulation study and a diabetic retinopathy dataset.
Plurality in understandings of innovation, sociotechnical progress and sustainable development: An analysis of OECD expert narratives
Authors: Savaget Paulo , Acero Liliana
Published: March 2017

Deterministic theory and discourse on sociotechnical progress ignore the existence of multiple and equally viable pathways towards progress, obscure socioeconomic and environmental conflicting interests and values, and overshadow socially inclusive deliberative choices about policy strategies. Demystifying techno-determinism, by incorporating a plurality of understandings to policy appraisal, becomes a matter of not only democratic accountability but also of analytical rigour. This article analyses the normative and ontological understandings on scientific and technological pathways among a group of experts interviewed at one key Directorate of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, using Q-methodology. The three main framings detected do not correspond exclusively to any single innovation and development theoretical framework – namely Innovation Systems, Learning Systems, Catch-Up models or the science, technology and society approach. Each narrative organizes an array of policy understandings based upon different theories and practices. As these forms of discourse highly influence global policy recommendations, their plurality should be made explicit, negotiated and integrated into policymaking.
Shifting Sands? Consent, Context and Vulnerability in Contemporary Sexual Offences Policy in England and Wales
Authors: Munro Vanessa E
Published: March 2017

Although the consent threshold remains fundamental to the demarcation of acceptable from unacceptable forms of behaviour within contemporary sexual offences law and policy, there has clearly been a shift in recent years in England and Wales towards more ‘contextual’ understandings and interpretations thereof. In many respects, this is a welcome development, which has the potential to at least partially redress the problematic assumption of a disembodied, individualistic and self-determining chooser, which critics maintain has underpinned many conventional (liberal) accounts of autonomy. At the same time, however, there are risks associated with this turn to context that require vigilance. More specifically, this shift has opened the door to greater reliance upon the often closely associated concepts of vulnerability and exploitation. In this article, I will argue that, while these concepts can be valuable in highlighting and challenging the constraining conditions under which (sexual) choices may be made, they can also be deployed in the service of moral and political interventions that entrench precariousness in the name of protection and/or increase surveillance in pursuit of responsibilization. To assess their impact, therefore, it is necessary to explore the concrete implications of this turn for those most immediately involved. In the following discussion, I will do so first by highlighting some of its perhaps unintended, but certainly undesirable, effects in the specific contexts of sexual assault and sex work policy. Having done so, I will move on to explore what we might learn more broadly from this experience about the benefits, blind spots and backfire in using vulnerability as a lens and lever for the pursuit of social justice.
Intraday Periodicity and Volatility Forecasting: Evidence from Indian Crude Oil Futures Market
Authors: Chakrabarti B.B. , Rajvanshi Vivek
Published: March 2017

We estimate intraday periodicities in return volatility by implementing two time series procedures—flexible Fourier form and cubic spline. We use intraday data for more than five years for crude oil futures contracts traded at the Multi Commodity Exchange India Limited. Filtration of the intraday periodicities from the raw returns reveals long-run dependence in volatility. We observe the presence of recurring and consistent intraday patterns in return volatility. Further, we find that adjustment for the intraday periodicity in return volatility improves forecasting performance. Our results are robust after controlling for the scheduled macroeconomic announcements.

JEL Classification: C14, C22, G10
Estimating Financial Conditions Index for India
Authors: Khundrakpam Jeevan Kumar , Kavediya Rajesh , Anthony Jessica M.
Published: March 2017

This article constructs financial condition indices (FCIs) for India and explores their predictive ability of business cycle. The estimated FCIs indicate substantial tightening in financial conditions in India since the global financial crisis barring a brief phase during 2010–11. Unlike in the literature, it shows the importance of standardising the financial variables by removing the influence of unit of measurement and not purging the influence of past economic activity as that improves the forecasting ability of FCI about business cycle. In predicting GDP growth, principal component analysis-based FCI outperforms vector autoregression-based FCI but both are better than OECD composite leading indicator, and indicate an upturn in business cycle in India in 2015–16.

JEL Classification: E5, E17, E44
Mirroring in Group Counseling: Analyzing Narrative Innovations
Authors: Esposito Giovanna , Ribeiro António P. , Gonçalves Miguel M. , Freda Maria Francesca
Published: March 2017

The aim of this case study is to demonstrate how an innovative group counseling method, the narrative mediation path, promotes reflective mirroring in a group of underachieving university students. We used an adaptation of the innovative moments coding system, a reliable method for studying change by tracking narrative innovations throughout the intervention. The transcripts of the seven sessions of a single narrative mediation path counseling group were analyzed, and three types of innovative moments were identified: self-directed innovative moments (those directed at the participants themselves), other-directed innovative moments (those directed at another group member), and group-directed innovative moments (those directed at the group as a whole). To study the narrative sequences containing both other-directed or group-directed innovative moments and self-directed innovative moments, a microgenetic approach was adopted. Results suggested that across the narrative mediation path counseling sessions, different types of reflecting mirroring emerged, based on supporting, interpreting, and connecting members’ experiences.
The Associations Between Substance Use, Sexual Behaviors, Bullying, Deviant Behaviors, Health, and Cyber Dating Abuse Perpetration
Authors: Van Ouytsel Joris , Torres Elizabeth , Choi Hye Jeong , Ponnet Koen , Walrave Michel , Temple Jeff R.
Published: March 2017

Dating violence is an important public health concern and is considered to be a form of school violence. While digital technologies have enabled perpetrators of dating violence to target their victims online (cyber dating abuse), little is known about how this form of perpetration relates to specific adolescent risk behaviors. This brief research report focuses on the associations between substance use, sexual behaviors, deviant behaviors, self-reported health, and cyber dating abuse perpetration. Participants included 705 ethnically diverse adolescents ( n = 408; 57.9% female) in Southeast Texas. Having had sexual intercourse or using alcohol or drugs before having sex was significantly linked with cyber dating abuse perpetration, as was poor physical health, and substance use. Consistent with limited research, we found a link between cyber dating abuse and engagement in bullying behaviors. The discussion section includes suggestions for school nurse practice and further research.
High Variability of Observed Weight Bearing During Standing Foot and Ankle Radiographs
Authors: Miller Christopher P. , Ghorbanhoseini Mohammad , Ehrlichman Lauren K. , Walley Kempland C. , Ghaheri Azadeh , Kwon John Y.
Published: March 2017

Background:

Weight-bearing radiographs are a critical component of evaluating foot and ankle pathology. An underlying assumption is that patients are placing 50% of their body weight on the affected foot during image acquisition. The accuracy of weight bearing during radiographs is unknown and, presumably, variable, which may result in uncertain ability of the resultant radiographs to appropriately portray the pathology of interest.

Methods:

Fifty subjects were tested. The percentage body weight through the foot of interest was measured at the moment of radiographic image acquisition. The subject was then instructed to bear “half [their] weight” prior to the next radiograph. The percentage body weight was calculated and compared to ideal 50% weight bearing.

Results:

The mean percentage body weight in trial 1 and 2 was 45.7% ± 3.2% ( P = .012 compared to the 50% mark) and 49.2% ± 2.4%, respectively ( P = .428 compared to 50%). The mean absolute difference in percentage weight bearing compared to 50% in trials 1 and 2 was 9.3% ± 2.3% and 5.8% ± 1.8%, respectively ( P = .005). For trial 1, 18/50 subjects were within the “ideal” (45%-55%) range for weight bearing compared to 32/50 on trial 2 ( P = .005). In trial 1, 24/50 subjects had “appropriate” (>45%) weight bearing compared to 39/50 on trial 2 ( P = .002).

Conclusions:

There was substantial variability in the weight applied during radiograph acquisition. This study raises questions regarding the assumptions, reliability, and interpretation when evaluating weight-bearing radiographs.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative study.