bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Study on the Production of Lightweight Ceramsite from the Yellow River Silt and its Performance Investigation
Authors: Li Shan Ping , Cao Xiao Hong , Ma Xiang Ru , Xu Jie , Dong Yan Wen
Published: May 2013

This study discussed the possibility and factors of employing the Yellow River Silt (YRS) as the starting materials to produce lightweight ceramisite (LWC) by a non-sintering process. Cement and sodium silicate were used as additives. The performance was evaluated though hospital wastewater degradation in a biological aerated reactor (BAF). Results presented that: (1) YRS could be used to prepare the LWC under the propitious condition (the ratio of YRS to cement was 75:25, the percentage of sodium silicate was 7% and the curing time was 5 d); (2) LWC could be used as a packing medium in the BAF. The BAF has large removal efficiencies on COD¬cr and NH3-N when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) and the ratio of air to liquid (A/L) were 6 h and 5:1 respectively.
Microstructure Evolution and Microhardness of 7075 Aluminum Alloy during Heat Treatment by Considering Hot Deformation History
Authors: Sun Zhi Chao , Yin Ji Lun , Yang He
Published: May 2013

In this paper, two heat treatment routes have been carried out on a set of hot compressed 7075 aluminum alloy samples under different deforming conditions. By considering the hot deformation history the law of 7075 aluminum alloy’s microstructure evolution during these two heat treatments was studied and the microhardness was discussed. The results show that: (1) Static recrystallization in 7075 aluminum alloy was discovered during these two heat treatments (solid solution (465°C/40min) +T6 aging (120°C/24h) and solid solution (465°C/40min) + T73 aging (107°C/7h+177°C/7h)), its driving force was from stored energy which was not released in the previous thermal deformation process. Formation of recrystallized grain was due to subgrain merger mechanism. The static recrystallization became more remarkable as the hot deforming temperature decreasing. (2) The effects of strain rate on the statically recrystallized grain size of 7075 aluminum alloy were opposite under different deformation temperatures. Deformed at 450°C, during these two heat treatments the recrystallized grain size became smaller as the strain rate increasing. While deformed at 350°C, during solid solution+T73 aging treatment the recrystallized grain size increased as the strain rate increasing. (3) Under the same deformation conditions a difference existed in the microstructure of 7075 aluminum alloy after solid solution +T6 aging and solid solution + T73 aging, which was mainly due to different precipitated phases in the aging process. (4) Both two heat treatments can raise the microhardness of 7075 aluminum alloy remarkably. The hardness of 7075 aluminum alloy after solid solution+T73 aging was lower than that after solid solution+T6 aging, the main reason was the precipitated small  phase in the first stage of the T73 aging coarsen in the second stage of high-temperature aging process.
Study of Cyclic Oxidation for Copper Removal from Solid Ferrous Scrap in End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV)
Authors: Shin Shun Myung , Lee Dong Won , Ha Sang An , Wang Jei Pil
Published: May 2013

Iron and steel scrap have been reused to produce new steel and cast iron in the steelmaking and foundry industry for more than 150 years, but the accumulation of tramp elements contained in steel scrap such as copper, tin, antimony, and arsenic is a major concern. This is primarily because these tramp elements are difficult to remove in conventional steelmaking processes. In particular, the presence of copper during the recycling of steel scrap can cause severe surface cracking during hot rolling (hot shortness), inhibit recrystallization during hot forming, and reduce ductility in deep drawing. For these reasons, considerable efforts have been made in recent decades to develop a technology that can remove copper from ferrous scraps[1-3].
From Supramolecular Chirogenic Systems towards Prospective Functional Materials
Authors: Borovkov Victor
Published: May 2013

This paper presents a succinct overview of recent advances of our research groups in the field of supramolecular chirogenic systems in the solution and in the solid state and consequent progress towards various functional materials having potential applications in different areas of science and technology. The phenomenon of supramolecular chirality, which is a smart combination of supramolecular chemistry and chiral science, is demonstrated with one of the most representative structural motifs amongst existing chirogenic systems, which is based upon the ethane-bridged bis-porphyrinoids. Further progress towards various functional materials is made upon preparation of different thin-films and nanostructures using the same bis-porphyrin architecture. For more practical application of functional materials chiral modification of metal surface is carried out resulting in effective asymmetric catalyst.
P-Least Squares Method of Curve Fitting
Authors: Gu Le Min
Published: May 2013

P-Least Squares (P-LS) method is Least Squares (LS) method promotion, based on the criteria of error -squares minimal to select parameter , namely satisfies following constitute the curve-fitting method. Due to the arbitrariness of the number , P-LS method has a wide field of application, when , P-LS approximation translated Chebyshev optimal approximation. This paper discusses the general principles of P-LS method; provides a way to realize the general solution of P-LS approximation. P-Least Squares method not only has significantly reduces the maximum error, also has solved the problems of Chebyshev approximation non-solution in some complex non-linear approximations，and also has the computation conveniently, can carry on the large-scale multi-data processing ability. This method is introduced by some examples unified in the materials science, the chemical engineering and the life body change.
Intelligent Parallel Networks for Combustion Quality Monitoring in Power Station Boilers
Authors: Sujatha K. , Pappa N. , Nambi U. Siddharth , Dinakaran C.R. Raja , Senthil Kumar K.
Published: May 2013

This research work includes a combination of Fisher’s Linear Discriminant (FLD) analysis by combining Radial Basis Function Network (RBF) and Back Propagation Algorithm (BPA) for monitoring the combustion conditions of a coal fired boiler so as to control the air/fuel ratio. For this two dimensional flame images are required which was captured with CCD camera whose features of the images, average intensity, area, brightness and orientation etc., of the flame are extracted after pre-processing the images. The FLD is applied to reduce the n-dimensional feature size to 2 dimensional feature size for faster learning of the RBF. Also three classes of images corresponding to different burning conditions of the flames have been extracted from a continuous video processing. In this the corresponding temperatures, the Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and other flue gases have been obtained through measurement. Further the training and testing of Parallel architecture of Radial Basis Function and Back Propagation Algorithm (PRBFBPA) with the data collected have been done and the performance of the algorithms is presented.
Chemical Detection of SF6 Decomposition Products Generated by AC and DC Corona Discharges Using a Carbon Nanotube Gas Sensor
Authors: Shou Ryuta , Hata Kazuyoshi , Nakano Michihiko , Suehiro Junya
Published: May 2013

This paper describes application of carbon nanotube (CNT) gas sensor to chemical detection of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) decomposition products generated by AC or DC corona discharge, aiming to develop a new diagnosis method of gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) filled with high pressure SF6 gas. Currently, most of GIS are designed and operated for conventional high voltage AC (HVAC) power transmission lines. Moreover, in recent years, the electrical power industry has shown a trend shifting from HVAC to high voltage DC power transmission, which has many advantages such as high power capacity and low power loss.This technological trend motivated us to explore and expand the application of CNT gas sensor to detection of SF6 decomposition products generated by AC and DC corona discharges. It was found that the CNT gas sensor exhibited significant response to AC and DC corona discharges and its dependency on the DC voltage polarity. In order to elucidate the mechanism of the polarity effect, SF6 decomposition products were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as using a gas detection tube. Based on comparison between the polarity effects on the CNT sensor response and the decomposition products, a possible contribution of hydrogen fluoride to the CNT gas sensor response was suggested.
A Father-Keeping Immune Genetic Algorithm Based Neural Network Model for Properties Prediction of Carbon Fiber
Authors: Chen Jia Jia , Ding Yong Sheng , Hao Kuang Rong
Published: May 2013

Aiming to guide the manufacture process of carbon fiber and obtain high properties productions, we propose a hybrid algorithm named father-keeping immune genetic algorithm based on back propagation neural network (FKIGA-BP) as a properties prediction model. The present study also compares it with BP neural network forecasting method. It shows better search precision and convergence efficiency. The prediction results are consistent with the practical experiment data.
Preparation and Performance of (Hydroxy Modified) Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisimidazole) Resin and Fiber
Authors: Jin Ning Ren , He Biao , Zhao De Ming , Zhang Jian Ting , Wei Xing
Published: May 2013

Novel preparation methods for preparing (hydroxy modified) PBI monofilament fiber and PBI resin are investigated and developed by the co-polycondensation of new AA-monomer 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene tetrahydrochloride (TAB•4HCl) respectively with BB type monomers 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (2,5-DHTA), hydroxyterephthalic acid (HTA) and terephthalic acid (TPA). Effects of process conditions (monomer concentration, P2O5content, temperature and polymerization time) on polymerization and fiber spinnability are studied systematically.
Effect of Carbon Fiber Surface Structure on Hygroscopic Behavior for Composites
Authors: Wang Juan , Lai Si Yu , Li Da
Published: May 2013

Carbon fibers with different surface structure are obtained by changing the level of anodization, and have the carbon fiber and epoxy resin processed into carbon fiber-resin matrix composite. Relationship between chemical structure of carbon fiber and moisture absorption property of composite in hot and humid environment is studied. The experiments show that the surface activity of carbon fiber increase significantly after anodization treatment, and there are a large amount of increase for oxygen-containing functional groups in fiber surface, in particular to OH which increase from 17.92% to 33.25%. The moisture absorption mechanism differs in varied conditions of heat and humidity, and temperature is an important factor affecting composites hygroscopic property. The higher the carbon surface activity is, the bigger the equilibrium absorbent moisture would be, and the increase of which would cause an obvious decline in inter-level shear strength (ILSS) value of carbon fiber-epoxy composites.
Mechanical Properties of Self-Healing Carbon Fibre Fabric Reinforced Polymers (CFFRP)
Authors: Lim Eng Har , Pickering Kim
Published: May 2013

In this paper, carbon fibre fabric reinforced polymeric composites with the capability of self-healing were studied. These fabric-composite laminates were fabricated by hand lay-up of plain weave (PW) carbon fibre fabrics impregnated with polymer blends of epoxy resin and thermoplastic healing agent. Laminates containing different amounts of healing agent (0, 10wt% and 20wt% by weight of epoxy) were evaluated by tensile and three-point flexural tests according to the ASTM D3039/D3039M and D790, respectively. Aside of the potential for self-healing, benefits were found in terms of tensile and flexural properties. Overall, tensile properties were improved with addition of thermoplastic healing agent; the highest tensile strength and failure strain were obtained with the highest healing agent amount (20wt%) whilst the maximum tensile modulus was obtained at 10wt%. In general, flexural properties were also improved except flexural strain; the highest flexural strength and modulus were determined at 10wt%.
Electrochemical Characterization of Lithium Bis(heptafluoroisopropyl)tetrafluorophosphate with Properties of Chemical Materials
Authors: Guo Ai Hong , Yuan Feng , Zhang Chun Na , Su Wen Bo
Published: May 2013

Lithium-ion secondary cell has high energy density, stable and high working voltage, wide working temperature and long working term. It is a safe and clean energy resource without pollution. At present, Lithium Hexafluorophosphate is used as conducting electrolyte lithium salt in lithium-ion secondary batteries. But Lithium Hexafluorophosphate as conducting electrolyte lithium salt has some disadvantages such as hydrolysis and instability. Lithium Bis (heptafluoroisopropyl) t-etrafluorophosphate Li [(C3F7)2PF4] was received by simons process from diisopropylchlorophosphane in this paper. As electrolyte of Li ion secondary cell, Li [(C3F7)2PF4] had lower vapor pressure than LiPF6 in the solvent in the same temperature, comparable conductivity and oxidation stability in the same concentration in room temperature. It was worth mentioning that Li [(C3F7)2PF4] has excellent stability towards hydrolysis. The synthesis process is safe and easily controlled.
Experimental Study on Dynamic Strength Regional Characteristics of Undisturbed Loess Based on the Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criterion
Authors: Wang Ping , Wang Jun , Chai Shao Feng , Wang Nai
Published: May 2013

Based on Mohr - Coulomb failure criterion, dynamic strength characteristic of undisturbed loess in Xining, Lanzhou, Xiji and Xian was studied through dynamic triaxial test. And the regional characteristics of void ratio, natural moisture content, plasticity index and dynamic shear strength with different vibration frequency and natural conditions were analyzed. The research shows that dynamic shear strength of loess increases when consolidation stress rises under the same water content condition. However the increase trend is not proportional relationship. Initial void ratio and water content of loess under natural state rises from northwest to southeast, and dynamic cohesive force enhances. On the contrary, internal friction angle decreases with the change of characteristic. With the increasing trend of disturbed loesss clay content from northwest to southeast, dynamic cohesive force increases and internal friction angle decreases in the different amplitude. The conclusion enriches and develops the evaluation theory of loess regional dynamic characteristic and it is a universal method to reduce cost of different loess regional classification.
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Gas Flow Characteristics in a New Type of Scrubber Based on Mechanical Materials
Authors: Luan Yi Gang , Zhao Zheng Heng , Liu Peng Fei
Published: May 2013

In this paper, a new type of vertical scrubber is designed and a computational fluid dynamic analysis of gas flow through the device is presented. The simulation results are obtained by FLUENT 6.3. Through the two-dimension simplification of mist-mat, the resistance characteristic of the wire-mesh is gained. To simulate the gas flow of the scrubber, mist-mat is replaced by porous media. Through the analysis of simulate results, flow characteristic and pressure drop of the scrubber is obtained. Additionally, CFD analysis results show the entrance direction of the gas in vane inlet symmetry plane is benefit to avert severely velocity impulse and scrubber’s pressure drop rises with the growth of the eliminator’s velocity.
Research on Mechanics Analysis of the Reachstacker Spreader Based on ANSYS
Authors: Hu Shi Cheng , Zheng Yong Feng , Huang Hong Bo , Wang Xiang Jun
Published: May 2013

This paper establishes finite element model of the spreader based on ANSYS, simulating its mechanical properties: static strength and modal vibration. Based on the calculation results, it points out the weaknesses of the spreader under more cases and its vibration characteristics, in addition, we also discuss the impacts on environment and human body from the perspective of ergonomics, which can provide theoretical basis for further fatigue life and dynamics research.
Engineering Mechanics Analysis of Pigging for S Elbow of Oil-Gas Pipe
Authors: Song Shang Na , Zeng Ming , Wang Wen Ming , Zhang Shi Min , Yu Da , Niu Hua Chang , Han Yue Xia
Published: May 2013

S elbow in Zhijing River is one of the key parts in the East Gas Transmission Pipeline Project. It brings a great deal of uncertainty and risk factors for pipeline pigging operations. By analysis on dynamic of pig pigging and the impact over bending, this paper established the finite element model, simulated pigging process on the condition that the operating parameters of the pipeline pigging operations were given, analyzed the relationship among pipeline pressure, foam pigging speed and pipe stress, then obtained the security of pipeline pigging operations.
Study on Hydrodynamics and Temperature Development of an Under Bridge Fire
Authors: Jin Jian Gang , Xiao Han , Tang Jia Shi
Published: May 2013

Due to limited land resources, spaces under bridge were illegally under used in many cities. Great hazards were existed in such used under bridge spaces. In this article, a certain bridge space was studied, time history curve for the room temperature was obtained by CFD simulation according to the hydrodynamic theory, and the data turned out to be reliable by being compared to the experimental outcomes.
Study on the Dynamic Performance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete in SHPB Experiment
Authors: Huang Li Li , Shi Wei
Published: May 2013

It is important to enhance the ductility of high strength concrete (HSC), and one possible direction is to use steel fibers reinforced, named steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete (SFRHSC).In this paper, The crack characteristics of steel fiber reinforced concrete is investigated in the SHPB test. The incident wave and transmission wave varying with the time have been obtained by SHPB experiment. The relationship curve for stress and strain of material concrete has also been obtained.
Stress Analysis and Overwintering Safety Evaluation of 15×104m3 Steel Crude Oil Tank in Severe Cold Area
Authors: Liu Mu Yi , Li Xiao Yan , Ji Da Wei
Published: May 2013

In order to guarantee the overwintering safety of 15×104m3 steel crude oil tank, tank structure and material properties were analyzed. A three-dimensional finite element model of the large non-anchoring oil tank was established. Based on the stress analysis, the stress distribution in different environmental temperature and drastically changed temperature was founded. The result of stress analysis indicated that the structure of the tank is safe enough to endure the conditions of winter temperature in Daqing at overwintering stage.
A Method for Stress Intensity Factor Calculation of Typical MSD Configurations
Authors: Zhao Jin Fang , Zhao Qun
Published: May 2013

This paper introduced compounding method to calculate the SIF of typical MSD configurations. Complex function method was proposed to calculate the modification coefficient of the adjacent holes. Combining the method with compounding method, the SIF calculation of typical MSD configurations was achieved. The calculation process is easy to operate and the results are reliable which can be verified by FEM calculation. By studying the SIF results of typical MSD configurations, a series of conclusions with practical value in engineering can be obtained.
The Preparation of Nano-TiO2 Films Doped with ZnO or Fe2O3
Authors: Guo Ai Hong , Su Wen Bo , Zhang Chun Na , Yuan Feng
Published: May 2013

Prepare TiO2doped with ZnO or Fe2O3composite photocatalytic film by using sol-gel method and characterize its microstructure and light absorption performance with X-ray diffraction instrument (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-visible spectrophotometer. The results show that: particles of TiO2doped with Fe2O3composite photocatalytic film are uniform and well dispersed; the rough surface of the film has a certain gap which is helpful for the adhesion of gas and liquid; the diameter of the particles is about 50 nm. The crystal grain size of TiO2film doped with ZnO is bigger, about 100 nm; the gap of the film is less and particles are nearly spherical and protruding, the shape of grain is structured. The absorption spectrum of TiO2doped with ZnO or Fe2O3has a red shift and both of their absorption intensity is higher than that of pure TiO2film in the scope of the ultraviolet and visible region.
Finite Element Analysis of Chromium Layer for Cold Roller Based on Material Properties and Mechanics Properties
Authors: Wang Juan , Lai Si Yu , Zhou Jin
Published: May 2013

The chromium-plating method is proposed to solve the wear and spalling problem of the cold roller in the rolling process. A three-dimensional asymmetric rolling model is constructed by using elastic-plastic finite tool, and the stress on the roller in different plating hardness, thickness and layers in cold rolling process is analyzed. By comparing the simulated results, the optimized state for chromium layer is scheduled.
Study on Dent Resistance with Whole Process Optimization Method for Body's Cover Based on the Variable Conditions
Authors: Song Kai , Wang Chao , Chen Tao , Zhou Ze
Published: May 2013

This paper aims at cover body dent resistance optimization problems, developed a whole process method using the finite element simulation method and the corresponding engineering experience to solve the dent resistance problem. Use of Tcl/Tk language to develop the script for fast simulation model consider material nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity, Use Abaqus software to calculate the results, and then customized to optimize use of simplified script parameters on changes in the working conditions of the structure will be optimized. The results show that this set of process optimization method to solve the variable conditions dent resistance is quickly, efficiently and accurately.
Stress Test of CFRP Confined Concrete Short Column under Axial Load Based on Cement-Based Piezoelectric Sensor
Authors: Zhang Ying , Peng Ya Ping , Huang Shi Feng
Published: May 2013

This paper presents a new method of direct stress test in the core area of CFRP confined concrete short column by using cement-based piezoelectric sensor. The sensors are embedded in the core area of concrete short columns, dynamic fatigue tests are taken on the columns before and after CFRP reinforcement respectively. The results show that an obvious linear relation is found between sensor output signal and test input load, the slope of load-sensor signal curve of concrete short column is larger after CFRP reinforcement, the sensor signal peak is increased with the increase of the loading frequency, but the loading frequency is almost no effect on the increasing extent of the stress, the stresses in the core area of concrete short columns can be significantly improved after the columns reinforced by CFRP, the increment percentages are in the range of 5% ~ 20%.
Powder Oil Ratio on Stability of Asphalt Mixture in High
Temperature Effect
Authors: Hao Guang Pu
Published: May 2013

According to the different powder oil ratio of asphalt mixture rutting experiment at high temperature, rotary experimenting machine, for different powder oil ratio dynamic shear experiment of asphalt mortar, using the scanning electron microscope observation on the microstructure of asphalt mortar, powder oil ratio on mixture high temperature stability influence. The experiment results show that: powder oil ratio is larger, stronger anti rut ability, and powder oil ratio is affected by the asphalt shear strength to influence high temperature stability of asphalt mixture, and put forward the best powder oil ratio in the range of 0.18~1.2.
Analytical Research on Regional Traditional Architectural Skin Materials
Authors: Liang Yan Min
Published: May 2013

Located in the southwest of the North Guangxi region special environment, historical development special, natural conditions diversity, cultural traits multiple. This article from the perspective of regional choice for building skin material use of the related problems of the study, Investigated the use of north guangxi local-style dwelling houses of ecological building materials, and its specific usage mode were summarized. On the current traditional local-style dwelling houses building protection, reconstruction, and new residential heritage of traditional arts, plays a reference role.
Designs of Material Compactor Based on Vibration Theory
Authors: Zhao Qun , Zhao Jin Fang
Published: May 2013

In this paper, a kind of material compactor was designed beginning with the recognition of energy conservation and low cost. Through the study of the influence factors and the mechanization of the material compaction at normal temperature, the author found out better parameters of influencing factors. The improved material compactor consists of a compression roller, backspin rolls, supporting device and other auxiliary devices. The eccentric block inside the compression is driven by the motor to generate exciting force. After the material enters the feeding inlet, it will be squeezed between the compression roller and the backspin rolls. Under the action of both extrusion pressure and vibration, the purpose of material compaction is achieved.
Modification of Water Reducer on Desulfurization Gypsum Wall Material
Authors: Guo Ai Hong , Feng Shuang , Zhang Jin Xia , Niu Fu Sheng
Published: May 2013

In order to broaden the utilization of desulfurization gypsum in China and achieve the direct usage of desulfurization gypsum, in this paper, Polycarboxylic acid water-reducer (HC), Naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde polycondensate (NF) and Sulfonated melamine formaldehyde resin (SM) were selected as water reducer to modify desulfurization gypsum. The experiment results are as follows: SM water reducer has little effect on setting time of desulfurization gypsum, although it is helpful to increase the strength of the gypsum-sample, however, compared with HC and NF, it has no obvious effect. About HC water reducer, it has obvious effect on setting time of desulfurization gypsum, so does it to desulfurization gypsum strength, but, higher water using of normal consistency will do adverse effect on the whole with the increase of the dosage. NF water reducer has the similar effect on setting time and sample's strength on desulfurization gypsum with HC, but the dominant changes have no discipline among different mixing amounts with these two water reducer. Lower water using of normal consistency benefits the retention of the sample's strengths.
Performance Similarity of an SAE Latex and VAc/E Type Redispersible Powder on Cement Mortar Used on an Expandable Polystyrene Panel
Authors: Huang Jian , Yin Hai Bo , Ma Bao Guo , Hong Zheng Dong
Published: May 2013

The performance of a Portland cement mortar modified by styrene-acrylate emulsion (SAE) latex and vinyl-acetate/ethylene (VAc/E) copolymer type redispersible powder (RPD) were studied. Performance similarity was found in our comparative study on both mortars. Results suggested that optimum usage of polymer content is between 2~3% for both SAE and RDP modified mortar which would give the highest toughness and adhesion on the EPS panel. The chemical composition difference between SAE and RDP have less effect on the compressive strength, flexural strength of the mortar and adhesion strength on the EPS panel.
Preparation of Styrene-Acrylate Emulsion (SAE) Latex by Recycling Waste Expandable Polystyrene Foam
Authors: Huang Jian , Yin Hai Bo , Ma Bao Guo , Hong Zheng Dong
Published: May 2013

This study explored recycling waste expandable polystyrene (EPS) foam to produce styrene-acrylate emulsion (SAE) latex. EPS substituted styrene ranging from 10% to 50%. Flocculation was observed when EPS content is >40%. Solid content and gel rate confirmed this observation. Particle size distribution showed particle size increased and its distribution broadened as EPS content increased. This may probably due to the viscosity increment of the emulsion droplets when EPS content increase and lead to increment of the droplets size and the emulsion gradually lost stability, therefore the solid content and gel rate increased. Hence stable SAE can be produced with EPS <30%. Monomer conversion results showed EPS did not affect the final monomer conversion percentage. IR results showed that incorporation of EPS did not alter the chemical composition of the SAE product. The presence of EPS lowered the monomer conversion rate and but did not save the polymerization time.
Development Status and Application Prospects of Green Building Materials in China
Authors: Pan Ying , Zhao Xiao Gang , Li Juan
Published: May 2013

This paper describes the concept and connotation of green building materials, combing the domestic and international green building materials research status; analysis on direction and achievements of construction materials, like natural building materials, Cyclic regeneration of building materials, Low environmental load building materials, Environmental functional building materials and Renewable energy use composite material. Besides, discusses the present situation and problems of domestic green building materials. Furthermore, Analysis on the application prospects of green building materials, from the level of technical measures strategies and ways of development and application of green building materials.
Analysis of Effective Strain of FRP Pasted on Surface of Reinforced Concrete Bending Member
Authors: Yao Er Lei , Peng Ya Ping , Chen Ming Xiu
Published: May 2013

A lot of test data from many domestic and foreign articles about concrete bending and shearing beam reinforced with FRP was collected and analyzed. Through the statistical analysis of test data and comparative analysis of the theoretical calculation based on the current standard and the existing calculation model, the size of ultimate strain of bending beam and shearing beam reinforced with FRP was shown.It was found that the effective strain of most test members was less than the lower limit value of current design code.It was suggested that in practical projects, for bending and shear reinforcement with FRP ,effective strain were not less than 0.006, 0.004 respectively.
Material Selection and Sizes Optimization of Casing Material for High-Temperature Natural Gas Well
Authors: Li Ling Feng
Published: May 2013

In natural gas production engineering for high-temperature gas well, material selection and sizes optimization of casing material are one of the important phases. This paper presents the effect of high temperature on material strength of casing, performance matching requirements of high-strength material, sizes optimization of casing material for high-temperature gas well and examples for application.By testing, the study above is good and easy for on-the-spot application.
Research on Material Selection and Sizes Optimization of Casing Material for Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery Wells
Authors: Li Ling Feng
Published: May 2013

The designing level of material selection and sizes optimization of casing material for heavy oil thermal recovery wells play a key role in the expected production target to heavy oil thermal recovery wells. This paper introduces the material selection of tubing and casing for heavy oil thermal recovery wells and proposes the optimization idea and technique of tubing material selection. By application, the study above has a good practicality.
Research on Post-Tensioned Prestressed Concrete Construction Technology in Construction Engineering
Authors: Liu Shu Yue , Wang Wei Ling
Published: May 2013

Study of bonded post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction technology, from materials, equipment, channel reservation, prestressed reinforcement material installation, concrete pouring, the prestressed tendons tension and grouting of anchor seal is described from the aspects of the construction of the link, the specific operation steps, summarizes the method of construction, improve the following prestressed concrete construction understanding.
Reasonable Value of Graded Macadam Base's Modulus
Authors: Wang Fang , Liu Kai , Wang Yuan Rong , Gao Hai Yun , Zhang Wei Hua
Published: May 2013

Finite element method is employed to analyse tensile stress at the bottom of asphalt concrete layer and semi-rigid base, tension strain, road surface deflection and shear stress in asphalt concrete layer. The influence of graded macadam bases modulus on mechanical properties is studied. Meanwhile considering field modulus test values, reasonable value of graded macadam bases modulus, which is suitable for each road grade and each layer position, is proposed.
Fabrication of Amorphous Ti63.7Nb21.3Zr4.5Ta1.5Fe9 Powder by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Li Feng Xian , Liu Yi Chun
Published: May 2013

Amorphous Ti63.7Nb21.3Zr4.5Ta1.5Fe9 powder has been designed and fabricated by mechanical alloying (MA) from a mixture of pure titanium and other elemental powders under a purified argon gas atmosphere in a stainless steel vial together with stainless steel balls. The amorphous alloy powders were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that a transform from a well-developed dislocation substructure to a mixed nanocrystalline plus amorphous structure occurs in Ti63.7Nb21.3Zr4.5Ta1.5Fe9 when milling time increases from 0 h to 15 h. Moreover, amorphous Ti63.7Nb21.3Zr4.5Ta1.5Fe9 powders were prepared after mechanical milling for 40 h. The results obtained are of the most significance for future work of densification of the milled powders.
Study on Building Engineering with Simulation and Analysis of Outdoor Thermal Environment for a Residential Subdistrict in Hot Summer/Cold Winter Region
Authors: Zhang Liu , Huang Yong Hong , Yang Lian
Published: May 2013

Thermal environmental problems in urban high-rise buildings are prevalent. To analyze the phenomenon, the thermal environment of a typical urban residential subdistrict is simulated by using CFD techniques considering the affects of different type of wall material. The simulation data are carefully analyzed. Some useful results are thus obtained. The direction of the buildings affects air circulation greatly with the north-south orientation having the best effects. Temperature in the subdistrict is about 3~5°C higher than its surroundings because of heat island effects which could be weakened if greening rate of the sbudistrict is increased. Finally, simulation results show that wall materials affect the environment considerably.
Mechanism Analysis of Water-Filling Based on Material Properties in Jinjie Mine, NW China
Authors: Zhou Juan , Xing Li Ting , Gu Ya Wei , Zhang Feng Juan , Zhang Yong , Wang Li Yan , Sun Bei Bei
Published: May 2013

This paper taking Jinjie Mine in northwest China as an example, on the basis of the hydrogeological analysis of the mineral deposit, explores the structure and influence factors of mine water inflow. The result shows that Jinjie Mine coal mining has destroyed the water-resisting roof layer, and then conducted the water channels. As a result, the original mode of hydrological cycle is changed, resulting in pore water, fissure water and surface water flow into the goaf through the water channel, and this help the water inflow be quite large (even reach 5380 m3/h). In order to coal mine safety production and protection of the areas fragile water environment, the curtain grouting technique using fly ash cement materials mainly is taken for preventing water.
Research Developments of Panel Type Radiators Cooling Oil-Immersed Power Transformers Based on Energy-Saving Materials
Authors: Xing Yun Long , Jin Ying Ai , Che Xian Da , Liu Jun , Gao Qing
Published: May 2013

When energy loss appears around cores and copper windings, cooling down the temperature timely has immense influence on transformer life and safe operation. In this paper, a serious of methods are proposed, which enhancing heat transfer of panel type radiators placed on the surface of the oil-immersed power transformers. When adding some turbulators on the panel type radiators and choosing the location of them appropriately, heat transfer effection can get a certain degree of improvement. Heat pipe is currently accepted efficient heat transfer element. Using the perfect heat transfer effect of heat pipe, with some necessary structural transformation, capacity of panel type radiator can be improved. New types of panel shape increase the effective heat transfer area, meanwhile damage the surface bounding layers. Therefore, optimization design with theory and simulation is a significant research field, by changing many kinds of structure parameters, for instance, the panel oil passage number and non uniform size distribution, inclination angle of up oil pipe and so on. Considering from actual condition, production process is simple, by using stainless steel, and owns a high level of automation, receiving lower energy consumption.
Study on Adhesion-Resistant Materials for Improving the Restoration of Exercise-Induced Muscle Tendon Fracture
Authors: Ma Teng
Published: May 2013

The muscle tendon is connective tissue, the fracture can occur when its stress is not reasonable. With the establishment of tendon external and endogenous coalescence theory, the suppression of external coalescence and promotion of endogenous coalescence became the crucial problem of resolve adhesion of tendon. The application of adhesion prevention materials in the part of tendon surrounding was the hotspot of recent research. At present, the research about adhesion prevention materials has made remarkable achievements. However, the materials studied in exercise-induced tendon rupture were cut both ways, therefore, as a material for adhesion prevention and functional reconstruction to treatment of tendon rupture. There are still many unsolved problems in the application of adhesion prevention materials.
Effects of Enzyme Concentration, pH, Time and Temperature on the β-Galactosidase Activity Immobilized by Chitosan Beads with Material Properties
Authors: Chen He , Wang Juan , Dang Yi Chao , Shu Guo Wei
Published: May 2013

In the present study, the experiments were investigated with the effect of enzyme concentration, pH, time and temperature on the enzyme activity of the immobilized β-galactosidase on Chitosan beads with material properties. The enzyme activity will be measured after completing immobilized and expressed as the absorbency at the wavelength of 420 nm. In the process, there were major differences between the different conditions during immobilization. As the result,the optimal conditions were that adding chitosan beads into 8 mg/ml β-galactosidase solution (pH6.5) and adsorbed 6 h at 25°C.
Effect of Five Materials Including Sucrose, Lactose, Skim Milk, Yeast, Vitamin B2 on Survival of Lactobacillus bulgaricus during Freeze-Drying
Authors: Chen He , Zhang Qiu Hong , Luo Qian , Shu Guo Wei
Published: May 2013

effect of five materials including sucrose, lactose, skim milk, yeast, vitamin B2on survival rate ofLactobacillus bulgaricusduring freeze-drying was studied by measured survival and the number of viable cells. Designed different concentrations of these different protective agents, respectively, freeze-drying perfectly and then counted the survival ratio ofLactobacillus bulgaricusand the number of viable cells. Results were as follows: addition of skim milk and yeast had significant effects while addition of vitamin B2had minimal impact on survival rate ofLactobacillus bulgaricus. The optimum concentration of single protective agent ofLactobacillus bulgaricusduring freeze-drying was that 25% (W/V) sucrose, 20% (W/V) lactose, 25% (W/V) skim milk, 20% (W/V) yeast and 25% (W/V) vitamin B2, respectively, and survival rate was 24.5%, 35.6%, 64.4%, 62.2%, and 16.3%.
Effect of Four Materials Including Trehalose, Soluble Starch, Raffinose and Galactose on Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus during Freeze-Drying
Authors: Qin Tao , Ma Qi , Chen He , Shu Guo Wei
Published: May 2013

Effect of four materials including trehalose, soluble starch, raffinose and galactose on survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus was studied by counting viable cells before and after freeze-drying. The concentrations of five carbohydrates were all 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% and 15%. Results showed as follows: the optimal concentrations of trehalose, soluble starch, raffinose and galactose were 12%, 9%, 3% and 15%, the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus was 42.62%, 56.50%, 45.05% and 42.69% and the viable cells of lyophilized powder were 0.40×1011cfu/g,0.45×1011cfu/g, 0.52×1011 and 1.09×1011cfu/g, respectively.
Antioxidant Activities of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Protein Hydrolysates-Iron Chelate Based on Properties of Biological Materials
Authors: Hu Xiao , Ma Sai Rui , Wu Yan Yan , Li Lai Hao , Yang Xian Qing , Hao Shu Xian , Chen Sheng Jun , Lin Wan Ling
Published: May 2013

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) protein was hydrolysed by papain, and then the tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) protein hydrolysates (TPH) chelated with ferrous ions at various mass ratios of TPH to FeCl2 (5:1, 10:1 and 20:1) to obtain the biological materials of chelate I, chelate II and chelate III, respectively. The ferrous-binding rate and antioxidant activities of the chelates were investigated. It was found that the ferrous-binding rate increased with the increase of mass ratios (TPH/FeCl2) from 5:1 to 20:1. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power activity of chelate III were highest in the chelates, and the lipid peroxidation inhibition activity of the chelate III was obviously higher than that of TPH. Compared with TPH, marked changes in microstructure were observed in the biological material of TPH-iron chelate.
Study on Environmental Materials with Analysis of the Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Inland Saline Water in the Northwest of Shandong
Authors: Zhang Feng Juan , Xing Li Ting , Li Chang Suo , Zhang Yong , Wang Li Yan , Sun Bei Bei , Zhou Juan
Published: May 2013

Study on characteristics and formation mechanism of inland saline water is conducive to develop and utilizing saline water resources scientifically and reasonably. Taking alluvial plain of the Yellow River in the Northwest of Shandong as an example, based on experimental data, chemical composition and spatiotemporal variation characteristics of inland saline groundwater are discussed and its formation mechanism is revealed. Result shows old interchannel belt, sullen water flow, high evaporation and different hydro-geochemistry functions are formation conditions of high salinity saline water in inland area. From the mainstream of old channel to saline water area of interchannel belt, groundwater hydro-chemistry type by HCO3- evolves into the Cl.SO4 -Mg.Na.Ca type and Cl.SO4-Na.Mg.Ca type gradually.Thus, improving measures such as pumping saline water in non-flood season and treating water with reverse osmosis material and so on are put forward to make the saline water evolve into fresh water.
Study on Environmental Materials with Analysis of the Hydraulic Connection Between Downtown and East and West Suburbs in Jinan, Shandong Province of China
Authors: Sun Bei Bei , Xing Li Ting , Li Chang Suo , Zhang Yong , Wang Li Yan , Zhang Feng Juan , Zhou Juan
Published: May 2013

The recognize of hydrogeological conditions is not clear, and there has always been states of dry up in Jinan spring. This paper divides jinan monoclinic structure into three primary ground water systems, and three secondary karst water subsystems based on the groundwater system theory. On that basis, reveal the recharge source of Jinan springs through the analysis of regional aquifer medium and hydrodynamic characteristic, further confirm that the hydraulic connection of western suburb is better close with downtown than that of eastern suburb by regression analysis method, so the recharge well can be designed and allocated in western suburb to recharge groundwater.This paper introduces inverted filter's materials needed by recharge well such as quartz sand and limestone, as well as advantages and disadvantages of them. These conclusions provide scientific basis for spring protection and the mining of karst water with high quality.
Preparation and Characterization of Bio-Hydrogels for Biomedical Engineering
Authors: Dong Tunga Lag , Yun Xue Yan , Li Meng Ting , Jin Ye , Inoue Yoshio
Published: May 2013

In this work, a new crystalline PEO cross-linked CD films combining PEO and CDs (α-CD and β-CD) was prepared, and their compositions (CD/PEO; wt/wt) ranging from 1/99 to 6/94. The hydroxyl groups of PEO withMnof 20,000 were converted to chlorine groups through reaction with thionyl chloride. PEO cross-linked CD films with various compositions were successfully prepared via the epoxy-amine reaction between amino-CD and PEO-epoxy. The thermal and swelling behavior were studied for the PEO cross-linked CD films. It was found that the cross-linked PEO films form hydrogel in water, achieving a swelling ratio higher than 20 times of original weight. The swelling properties of these cross-linked films depend on the fraction of CDs. The crystallinity of these films was very high, and crystallization rate of PEO was accelerated by cross-linking with CDs.
Orthogonal Test Design for Optimization of Emulsifying Effectiveness of Phytosterol Adding to Milk Using Tween as Emulsifiers
Authors: Shu Guo Wei , Cao Ji Li , Chen He , Tan Yuan , Ma Ling
Published: May 2013

Effect of four emulsifiers including Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80 on emulsifying effectiveness of phytosterol adding to milk was studied by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The concentrations of four emulsifiers were all 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6% and 0.7%. The optimal emulsified conditions showed as follows: the optimal concentrations of Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80 were 0.40%, 0.40%, 0.20% and 0.30%, respectively, the emulsification R reached 1.043 under the conditions mentioned above.
Study on Giant Magnetostrictive Material with Transducer Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Deng Jia
Published: May 2013

Giant magnetostrictive transducer in the work show strong magnetic mechanical coupling characteristics and nonlinear characteristics, its magnetic state and mechanical state influence each other, coupling process is very complicated, this paper according to the giant magnetostrictive material features, combined with the magnetic domain theory, establish the super magnetostrictive micro displacement actuator model, Explore stress and magnetic field changes, GMM inner magnetic strength change, and the change of strain. Join based on giant magnetostrictive actuator structure and working principle, from the principle of physics, mathematics phenomenological theory Angle to establish the combination of the mathematical model of giant magnetostrictive actuator: According to the actuator output power and output displacement, combined with the equation of motion establish output displacement - output force model. According to an internal magnetic induction intensity change, establish actuator induction voltage model; According to J-A model magnetization model. By using the finite element theory and the Hamilton principle of minimum potential energy, energy conservation principle to this mathematical model, and analyze the result.
The Nonlinear Characteristic of Geochemical Data with Material Properties
Authors: Wang Cui Xiang
Published: May 2013

According to the G-P algorithm and using the MATLAB procedure, the paper carried on the analysis to the geochemical data with Material Properties of some mining area, and obtained the correlation dimension of this local mineral resource element. This result provided the quota basis for the minerals reasonable development.