bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metronidazole Loaded Polycaprolactone-Carbopol Blends Based Biodegradable Intrapocket Dental Film for Local Treatment of Periodontitis
Authors: Dhedage Nitin , Khan Gayasuddin , Ajmal Gufran , Kumar Manish , Jha Abhishek , Mishra Brahmeshwar
Published: September 2020

Objective:

The goal of this research was to optimize and evaluate an intrapocket dental
film, composed of polycaprolactone and carbopol blends for the management of periodontitis.

Methods:

The intrapocket dental film was prepared using a modified solvent casting method, followed
by characterization, in-vitro release, in-vitro antimicrobial activity, and in-vivo efficacy on
the periodontitis animal model.

Results:

Prepared films were consistent in thickness (2.10±0.56 to 2.50±0.39 mm) and weight
(35.23±0.37 to 39.45±0.45 mg) with drug entrapment of up to 87.63±1.98 percent. The concentration
of carbopol is observed to have a direct relationship with the thickness, film weight, and
swelling factor of the prepared dental film. The film has a surface pH close to gingival crevicular
fluid pH and is therefore appropriate for the application. The developed film exhibited a biphasic
drug release profile with an initial burst release followed by a continuous release for more than 11
days. Drug release kinetic study supports the release of the drug by a diffusion-based process, as
best explained by the Korsmeyer Peppas kinetics (R2 =0.9635). in vitro antimicrobial activity was
also in accordance with drug release, with a high initial zone of inhibition (ZOI) (49.32±0.156mm),
followed by 14.28±0.080 mm ZOI on the 11th day. The in vivo study showed that the prepared film
was able to prevent periodontal ligament degeneration, as observed in the periodontitis experiment
animal model.

Conclusion:

The prepared intrapocket dental film based on caprolactone and carbopol can be used
as a novel local drug delivery system for the management of periodontitis.
Fabrication and Characterization of Heat Pipe with Composite Structure for the Adiabatic Section
Authors: Parikh Hiral , Pathak Kedar
Published: September 2020

Background:

Innovative cooling technology is required in every field of life, ranging from satellite to terrestrial applications. A novel heat rejection system is of great concern for space applications. Futuristic applications in heat pipe will involve composite structures in various ways as they offer flexibility in design with their inherent advantage of being lightweight. However, it remains a challenge to join a composite structure with metals. This study investigates the effect of a composite section in the adiabatic region of the heat pipe and also proposes a novel approach to join metals with a composite structure.

Methods:

A flexible composite tube, such as carbon fiber, reinforced thermoplastics to make the adiabatic section. This section is adhesively bonded with the metal tubes, i.e., evaporator and condenser section. The inherent roughness of the metal tube makes the first layer for mechanical interlocking, followed by adhesive bonding.

Results:

The effect of adiabatic, condenser, and evaporator length, for a normal vs. composite heat pipe, on specific thermal conductivity is evaluated.

Conclusion:

The numerical studies confirm that the use of composite material for the adiabatic section improves the performance of the heat pipe. It is proposed to use reinforced thermoplastic as the material for the adiabatic section.
Large Bending Deformation of a Cantilevered Soft Beam under External Load: The Applicability of Inextensibility Assumption of the Centerline
Authors: Chen Wei , Wang Lin
Published: September 2020

Background:

Soft materials, including elastomers and gels, are pervasive in biological
systems and technological applications. Despite the rapid developments of soft materials in the recent
decades, it is still challenging to theoretically model and predict the large-deformation behaviors of
soft structures.

Objective:

The goal of this work is to give a general theoretical model to investigate the large deformation
of a cantilevered soft beam under various loads. In particular, the applicability of the inextensibility
assumption of the beam centerline is explored.

Methods:

The governing equations of the soft beam system are derived according to the principle of
minimum potential energy. In order to investigate the large deformation of the soft beam, the curvature
of the beam centerline is exactly considered and the Yeoh model is utilized to account for the
hyperelasticity of the soft beam. The derived ordinary differential equations are discretized by the
Galerkin method and then solved by the iterative algorithm.

Results:

Based on the proposed theoretical model, large bending deformations of the cantilevered
soft beam are analyzed for various types of external loads, including uniformly distributed force, tipend
concentrated force, and non-uniformly distributed force. Different values of the amplitude of the
external loads are considered and fruitful deformed configurations are presented.

Conclusion:

The proposed model is able to study the large deformation of the soft beam effectively.
The inextensibility assumption of the beam centerline is applicable when the amplitude of the external
load is relatively small. When the amplitude of the external load is sufficiently large, the extension
of the centerline needs to be considered.
Spatiotemporal observations of CH4 and CO2 over Iraq using Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) data
Authors: Abed Faten Ganim
Published: September 2020

Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most important greenhouse gases and most important climate forcing agents due to their significant impact on climate, and their concentrations have been increased since the pre-industrial time by 150 and 40 % respectively, basically from fossil fuel combustion and land-use change emissions. In this research, the atmospheric concentration of CH4 and CO2 over Iraq is measured by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). Time series and time-averaged maps were generated to study and analyse the distribution of CH4 and CO2 concentrations. The results show a significant increase of these two gases with an average increase (3.5 and 5.11 ppbv/ year ) in a rate of (2.69 % and 4 %) for CH4 at  SPL 925 hPa and 400 hPa, respectively ; the average increase of CO2 is (1.85 ppm/ year) represent (3.31%) for the whole period. The considerable increase of CH4 and CO2 concentration can affect human healthiness and earth radiative balance. Also, the Satellite observation of AIRS can efficiently show the spatiotemporal variations of CH4 and CO2 for the study area.
Влияние кристаллографической ориентации пленок GaSb на их структурные свойства при гетероэпитаксии на вицинальных подложках Si(001) методом молекулярно-лучевой эпитаксии
Authors: Петрушков М.О. , Абрамкин Д.С. , Емельянов Е.А. , Путято М.А. , Васев А.В. , Лошкарев Д.И. , Есин М.Ю. , Комков О.С. , Фирсов Д.Д. , Преображенский В.В.
Published: September 2020

GaSb films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy using AlSb/As/Si transition layers on vicinal Si (001) substrates deflected 6 to the (111) plane. The influence of the GaSb films crystallographic orientation on their structural properties and surface morphology is investigated. It was found that GaSb(001 ̅)/Si films are characterized by better structural perfection, lower concentration of point defects and more planar and isotropic surface topography, compared with GaSb(001) films. Possible reason for the observed differences between GaSb films with different orientations is increased density of antiphase domains in GaSb(001) films. The morphological features of the grown films are caused by the terraces edges basically and by the anisotropy of the incorporation of Ga adatoms into the terraces edges, to a lesser extent.
Теплопроводность за пределами закона Фурье
Authors: Жмакин А.И.
Published: September 2020

The Fourier law adequately describes heat conduction in most practical problems. However for heat transfer in fast processes and at micro/nano scales, in materials with inner structure (porous media, biological tissues) other models are needed that account for the nonlinear effects and both time (memory) and space nonlocality. Such models including phase lag models, phonon and thermodynamics models as well as fractional derivatives models are reviewed.

.
Intent to Adopt Video-Based Integrated Mental Health Care and the Characteristics of its Supporters: Mixed Methods Study Among General Practitioners Applying Diffusion of Innovations Theory
Authors: Haun Markus W , Stephan Isabella , Wensing Michel , Hartmann Mechthild , Hoffmann Mariell , Friederich Hans-Christoph
Published: September 2020

Background

Most people with common mental disorders, including those with severe mental illness, are treated in general practice. Video-based integrated care models featuring mental health specialist video consultations (MHSVC) facilitate the involvement of specialist mental health care. However, the potential uptake by general practitioners (GPs) is unclear.

Objective

This mixed method preimplementation study aims to assess GPs’ intent to adopt MHSVC in their practice, identify predictors for early intent to adopt (quantitative strand), and characterize GPs with early intent to adopt based on the Diffusion of Innovations Theory (DOI) theory (qualitative strand).

Methods

Applying a convergent parallel design, we conducted a survey of 177 GPs and followed it up with focus groups and individual interviews for a sample of 5 early adopters and 1 nonadopter. We identified predictors for intent to adopt through a cumulative logit model for ordinal multicategory responses for data with a proportional odds structure. A total of 2 coders independently analyzed the qualitative data, deriving common characteristics across the 5 early adopters. We interpreted the qualitative findings accounting for the generalized adopter categories of DOI.

Results

This study found that about one in two GPs (87/176, 49.4%) assumed that patients would benefit from an MHSVC service model, about one in three GPs (62/176, 35.2%) intended to adopt such a model, the availability of a designated room was the only significant predictor of intent to adopt in GPs (β=2.03, SE 0.345, P<.001), supporting GPs expected to save time and took a solution-focused perspective on the practical implementation of MHSVC, and characteristics of supporting and nonsupporting GPs in the context of MHSVC corresponded well with the generalized adopter categories conceptualized in the DOI.

Conclusions

A significant proportion of GPs may function as early adopters and key stakeholders to facilitate the spread of MHSVC. Indeed, our findings correspond well with increasing utilization rates of telehealth in primary care and specialist health care services (eg, mental health facilities and community-based, federally qualified health centers in the United States). Future work should focus on specific measures to foster the intention to adopt among hesitant GPs.
Effectiveness of Individual Real-Time Video Counseling on Smoking, Nutrition, Alcohol, Physical Activity, and Obesity Health Risks: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Byaruhanga Judith , Atorkey Prince , McLaughlin Matthew , Brown Alison , Byrnes Emma , Paul Christine , Wiggers John , Tzelepis Flora
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Real-time video communication technology allows virtual face-to-face interactions between the provider and the user, and can be used to modify risk factors for smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and obesity. No systematic reviews have examined the effectiveness of individual real-time video counseling for addressing each of the risk factors for smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and obesity.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to examine the effectiveness of individually delivered real-time video counseling on risk factors for smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and obesity.

METHODS

The MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Database), PsycINFO, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus databases were searched for eligible studies published up to November 21, 2019. Eligible studies were randomized or cluster randomized trials that tested the effectiveness of individual real-time video communication interventions on smoking, nutrition, alcohol, physical activity, and obesity in any population or setting; the comparator was a no-intervention control group or any other mode of support (eg, telephone); and an English-language publication.

RESULTS

A total of 13 studies were eligible. Four studies targeted smoking, 3 alcohol, 3 physical activity, and 3 obesity. In 2 of the physical activity studies, real-time video counseling was found to significantly increase physical activity when compared with usual care at week 9 and after 5 years. Two obesity studies found a significant change in BMI between a video counseling and a documents group, with significantly greater weight loss in the video counseling group than the in-person as well as the control groups. One study found that those in the video counseling group were significantly more likely than those in the telephone counseling group to achieve smoking cessation. The remaining studies found no significant differences between video counseling and telephone counseling or face-to-face counseling for smoking cessation, video counseling and face-to-face treatment on alcohol consumption, video counseling and no counseling for physical activity, and video counseling and face-to-face treatment on BMI. The global methodological quality rating was moderate in 1 physical activity study, whereas 12 studies had a weak global rating.

CONCLUSIONS

Video counseling is potentially more effective than a control group or other modes of support in addressing physical inactivity and obesity and is not less effective in modifying smoking and alcohol consumption. Further research is required to determine the relative benefits of video counseling in terms of other policy and practice decision-making factors such as costs and feasibility.
Measuring happiness of large-scaled online Turkish unstructured data (Preprint)
Authors: Kahya Özyirmidokuz Esra , Uyar Kumru , Ali Raian , Stoica Eduard Alexandru , Karakaş Betül
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Measuring online Turkish happiness requires a Turkish happiness dictionary which could reflect norms and social values more culturally and linguistically instead of using a translation-oriented method. Analyzing data without neglecting cultural characteristics will not be reliable. Turkish translation of an English word in the Affective Norms of English Words (ANEW) dictionary does not express the same feeling of a Turkish word. In addition, existing emotional dictionaries are not developed for specifically for the social networks with emoticons.

OBJECTIVE

This research presents the Turkish Happiness Index (THI) which is a set of psychological normative happiness scores to measure an average level of happiness of Turkish online unstructured large-scale data. A well-being informatics analytics research is also done by using THI.

METHODS

Turkish Happiness Index was completely generated on social networks. 20000 words were extracted with web text mining from social networks. Natural Language Processing algorithms were applied. After data reduction quantitative research methodology is applied. The happiness scores were based detected based on 667 participants’ subjective happiness levels and their thoughts about the 1874 Turkish words. Alexithymia scale was also used to identify the emotional awareness of the participants. The evaluations of the words were done in the dimension of valence using the Self-Assessment Manikin in an online platform.

NLP was used to measure online Turkish happiness of data. Data was collected from Facebook with negative #war and positive #family hashtags in a duration of one month using a 3rd party software tool. Natural language processing algorithms including tokenization, transformation, filtering and stemming after converting data to documents. The happiness levels of the documents based on hashtags were determined using the Turkish Happiness Index dictionary.

RESULTS

THI which contains 345 words and their happiness scores in the Turkish language was developed. The THI is given in Appendix 1. We also put a comparison between words of dictionaries to understand the cultural differences.

CONCLUSIONS

THI provide researchers with standard materials through which they can automatically measure online happiness of Turkish large-scale data. THI can be used in in real-time big data analytics.
Measurement of Human Walking Movements by Using a Mobile Health App: Motion Sensor Data Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Sungchul , Walker Ryan M , Kim Yoohwan , Lee Hyunhwa
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

This study presents a new approach to measure and analyze the walking balance of humans by collecting motion sensor data in a smartphone.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to develop a mobile health (mHealth) app that can measure the walking movements of human individuals and analyze the differences in the walking movements of different individuals based on their health conditions. A smartphone’s motion sensors were used to measure the walking movements and analyze the rotation matrix data by calculating the variation of each xyz rotation, which shows the variables in walking-related movement data over time.

METHODS

Data were collected from 3 participants, that is, 2 healthy individuals (1 female and 1 male) and 1 male with back pain. The participant with back pain injured his back during strenuous exercise but he did not have any issues in walking. The participants wore the smartphone in the middle of their waistline (as the center of gravity) while walking. They were instructed to walk straight at their own pace in an indoor hallway of a building. The walked a distance of approximately 400 feet. They walked for 2-3 minutes in a straight line and then returned to the starting location. A rotation vector in the smartphone, calculated by the rotation matrix, was used to measure the pitch, roll, and yaw angles of the human body while walking. Each xyz-rotation vector datum was recalculated to find the variation in each participant’s walking movement.

RESULTS

The male participant with back pain showed a diminished level of walking balance with a wider range of xyz-axis variations in the rotations compared to those of the healthy participants. The standard deviation in the xyz-axis of the male participant with back pain was larger than that of the healthy male participant. Moreover, the participant with back pain had the widest combined range of right-to-left and forward-to-backward motions. The healthy male participant showed smaller standard deviation while walking than the male participant with back pain and the female healthy participant, indicating that the healthy male participant had a well-balanced walking movement. The walking movement of the female healthy participant showed symmetry in the left-to-right (x-axis) and up-to-down (y-axis) motions in the x-y variations of rotation vectors, indicating that she had lesser bias in gait than the others.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that our mHealth app based on smartphone sensors and rotation vectors can measure the variations in the walking movements of different individuals. Further studies are needed to measure and compare walking movements by age, gender, as well as types of health problems or disease. This app can help in finding differences in gait in people with diseases that affect gait.
Social Media Content of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Groups and Pages on Facebook: Cross-sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Kochan Andrew , Ong Shaun , Guler Sabina , Johannson Kerri A , Ryerson Christopher J , Goobie Gillian C
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Patients use Facebook as a resource for medical information. We analyzed posts on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)-related Facebook groups and pages for the presence of guideline content, user engagement, and usefulness.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to describe and analyze posts from Facebook groups and pages that primarily focus on IPF-related content.

METHODS

Cross-sectional analysis was performed on a single date, identifying Facebook groups and pages resulting from separately searching “IPF” and “idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.” For inclusion, groups and pages needed to meet either search term and be in English, publicly available, and relevant to IPF. Every 10th post was assessed for general characteristics, source, focus, and user engagement metrics. Posts were analyzed for presence of IPF guideline content, useful scientific information (eg, scientific publications), useful support information (eg, information about support groups), and potentially harmful information.

RESULTS

Eligibility criteria were met by 12 groups and 27 pages, leading to analysis of 523 posts. Of these, 42% contained guideline content, 24% provided useful support, 20% provided useful scientific information, and 5% contained potentially harmful information. The most common post source was nonmedical users (85%). Posts most frequently focused on IPF-related news (29%). Posts containing any guideline content had fewer likes or comments and a higher likelihood of containing potentially harmful content. Posts containing useful supportive information had more likes, shares, and comments.

CONCLUSIONS

Facebook contains useful information about IPF, but posts with misinformation and less guideline content have higher user engagement, making them more visible. Identifying ways to help patients with IPF discriminate between useful and harmful information on Facebook and other social media platforms is an important task for health care professionals.
Does Outdoor Activity Reduce Migraine Episodes? Associations Between Migraine-related Online Searches and Mobility Trends during the COVID-19 Lockdown in the United States (Preprint)
Authors: Pascual King John , Elsakr Carol , Glicksman Michael , Pham Cynthia , Nguyen Chantal , Yochelson Michael
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

The effect of physical activity on migraines is unclear, with some studies showing that it triggers episodes and others finding that it is preventative. Google Trends, a tool that gauges population interest in online searches both geographically and longitudinally, has been previously used for disease surveillance, including migraines. However, the recent COVID-19 Mobility Community Reports, in combination with Google Trends data, offers a unique opportunity to explore migraine epidemiology using real-time, geographic trends in physical activity.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim is to examine the relationship between physical activity and migraine using a novel infodemiological approach by combining data from Google Trends and the COVID-19 Mobility Community Reports.

METHODS

We collected data from the COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports (CCMR), specifying a time period of March 1st- 15th, 2020. We were specifically interested in the mobility trends scores for 2 variables: 1) parks and 2) residential. To assess the impact of mobility on migraine-related online searches, we collected Google Trends data by entering “Migraine” for the time period between April 1st-15th, 2020, one month after our CCMR collection period. We then calculated the percent change in migraine Search Volume Index (SVI) using the same CCMR March 2020 dates as baseline.

RESULTS

The 15 states with the highest and lowest park mobility (PM) scores displayed an average percent change of -29% and -12% in migraine-related online searches, respectively (p=0.0209). Residential mobility (RM) scores, which signal stronger adherence to lockdown, was positively correlated with change in migraine SVI (r=+0.32, p=0.02).

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we reveal that there is an association between increased visitation of outdoor areas (i.e., PM scores) and reduction in migraine-related online searches one month after. This is in line with the literature findings on the prophylactic impact of physical exercise on migraine attacks.  Given that studies have linked time spent indoors to increased sedentary behavior, the association between residential mobility (RM) scores and increased frequency of migraine-related online searches (i.e. SVIs) was also expected. Google Trends and CCMR data may provide additional insights into the impact of physical activity on migraine and other neurological conditions.
Optimization of Liquid Soap Containing Bentonite and Combination of Corn Oil and Virgin Coconut Oil For Cleansing Najs Mughalladzah
Authors: Pratama Chairunnisa Mahdi , Desmayanti Astri , Marchaban  , Rohman Abdul
Published: September 2020

This research was intended to formulate liquid bentonite soap using combination of corn oil andvirgin coconut oil used for cleansing najs mughalladzah (extreme najs). five formula of soap designated with I-Vapplying bentonite and combination of VCO and CO with different concentrations. The assessment of sopquality was based on organoleptic evaluation, foam stability, density, pH-value, and total of active component.Evaluation results were analyzed using simplex lattice design (SLD) to obtain optimum formula. Verificationof optimum formula was analyzed using one sample t-test with level of significance of 0.05. The resultsshowed that optimum concentration of bentonite was 6.5% with percentages of corn oil 85.43% and virgincoconut oil of 14.57%. Based on one sample t-test, there is no significant difference (pH > 0.05) from pH-valueresponse and foam stability between the predicted optimum formula as analyzed using SLD and actualformula. Bentonite liquid soap which is formulated using combination of corn oil and virgin coconut oilaccording to National Standardization Body SNI 2588:2017 so that the soap formula could be applied forcleansing najs mughalladzah.
The Biochemistry, Toxicology, and Uses of the Pharmacologically Active Phytochemicals: Alkaloids, Terpenes, Polyphenols, and Glycosides
Authors: Awuchi Chinaza Godswill
Published: September 2020

The research focused on the biochemistry and the medicinal uses of alkaloids, terpenes,polyphenols, and glycosides. Several parts of plants such as bark, root, leaf, stem, etc. are being used torevert abnormalities back to normal, prevent illnesses, or allay symptoms. These plant parts containbioactive compounds such as terpenes, glycosides, polyphenols, and alkaloids. Alkaloids have a rangeof pharmacological activities such as antiasthma (e.g. ephedrine), anticancer (e.g. homoharringtonine),antimalarial (e.g. quinine). Other alkaloids possess stimulant (e.g. cocaine, caffeine, theobromine, nicotine)and psychotropic activities (e.g. psilocin), and have been widely used as recreational drugs orin entheogenic rituals. Alkaloids can be toxic too (e.g. tubocurarine, atropine). Although alkaloids act ondiverse metabolic systems in humans and animals, they almost uniformly induce a bitter taste. Thecharacteristics and number of the structures of phenol in polyphenols underlie the unique chemical,physical, and biological (metabolic, therapeutic, toxic, etc.) properties of specific members of the class;e.g. ellagitannin and tannic acid. Generally, foods often contain complex mixtures of polyphenols. Severalpolyphenolic extracts, such as from grape seeds, olive pulp, maritime pine bark, or grape skin, are sold asingredients for functional foods, cosmetics, and dietary supplements. Terpenoids and terpenes are theprimary components of the essential oils of most types of flowers plants. Essential oils are used widely asscents and fragrances in perfumery and also in traditional medicine, such as aromatherapy. Similarly,many plant glycosides are used as medicines. Amygdalin and laetrile (a synthetic derivative) wereinvestigated as potential drugs for cancer treatment and were promoted as alternative medicine;nevertheless, they are ineffective and dangerous. Pharmacologically active phytochemicals can haveuseful applications, as well as safety concerns.
Leksikon dalam Aktivitas Pertanian Masyarakat Yogyakarta
Authors: Wibowo Ridha Mashudi
Published: September 2020

This research aims to document linguistic category regarding the field of agriculture, from the perspective of society in association with plants and their environment, the elaboration of local wisdom in viewing plants and their environment regarding agriculture as part of their livelihood. The ethnobiology lexicon data and other information in relation to plants in Javanese are compiled in articles, books, and dictionaries along with several native speakers of Javanese who reside in the southern part of DIY. Verbal source of data is obtained by controlled elicitation method and analyzed with component analysis method as well as introspection. The result demonstrates the inventorizing of agricultural terms which encompass words, abbreviation, coinage either monomorphemic or polymorphemic. The variety of agricultural term is used in the society in categorizing plants and their environment and highly regarded local wisdom perspective by the people amidst the emergence of renewal in agriculture. This research contributes to the study of language in agricultural activities in Javanese society, especially Yogyakarta in the perspective of ethnics, especially in the formation of language terms which at some level have become a new identity adopted into Javanese. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used by the wider community in using the agricultural lexicon in accordance with the times without forgetting the preservation of the agricultural lexicon that is part of its local wisdom.agriculture, local wisdom, lexicon.
Correlation Between Programmed Cell Death Ligand1 (PD-L1) Expression and Clinical Parameters in Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Aziz Zainab Waleed , Mahmood Asmaa Mohammadsheet , Yahiya Zahraa Osama , Taib Al â€“Nuaimy Wahda Mohammed
Published: September 2020

Objectives: Programmed Cell Death Ligand1 (PD-L1) tissue expression in CRC (colorectal cancer) displays conflicting results among various studies. We aimed to identify the rate of PD-L1 positivity in colorectal carcinoma, and it's immune infiltrating cells, their relationship with clinicopathologic parameters of patients, and to correlate the results with other studies.

 Methods: PD-L1 antibody retrospectively analyzed immunohistochemically in tissue microarray blocks of 99 specimens with colonic and rectal carcinomas operated between January 2015 to December 2017. A comparison performed between PD-L1 expression  in tumor cells (TCs) as well as tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) for age, sex, histological differentiation, the primary tumor location, number of involved lymph nodes, angiolymphatic invasion, and TNM stage.

Results: Of the 99 patients, the median age was 54.5 (range: 18 to 83) years. Fourteen samples were PD-L1 positive in TCs, increased to 32%  in TIICs. A significant expression of PD-L1in TCs was correlated with medullary histology (p= 0.03), number of the involved lymph nodes (p= 0.02), distant metastasis (p= 0.001), and TNM stage (p= 0.0001). The PD-L1 status in TIICs was again connected with adverse clinical and pathological parameters.

 Conclusions: The expression of PD-L1 in TCs and TIICs is associated significantly with advanced cancer or lymphatic invasion in patients who underwent surgery after a diagnosis of CRC. The research designates the significance of estimation of TCs and TIICs in correlation to clinicopathologic characteristics of patients a finding that could produce a piece of evidence for precise electing immunotherapy.
Detecting crosstalk errors in quantum information processors
Authors: Sarovar Mohan , Proctor Timothy , Rudinger Kenneth , Young Kevin , Nielsen Erik , Blume-Kohout Robin
Published: September 2020

Crosstalk occurs in most quantum computing systems with more than one qubit. It can cause a variety of correlated and nonlocal crosstalk errors that can be especially harmful to fault-tolerant quantum error correction, which generally relies on errors being local and relatively predictable. Mitigating crosstalk errors requires understanding, modeling, and detecting them. In this paper, we introduce a comprehensive framework for crosstalk errors and a protocol for detecting and localizing them. We give a rigorous definition of crosstalk errors that captures a wide range of disparate physical phenomena that have been called ``crosstalk'', and a concrete model for crosstalk-free quantum processors. Errors that violate this model are crosstalk errors. Next, we give an equivalent but purely operational (model-independent) definition of crosstalk errors. Using this definition, we construct a protocol for detecting a large class of crosstalk errors in a multi-qubit processor by finding conditional dependencies between observed experimental probabilities. It is highly efficient, in the sense that the number of unique experiments required scales at most cubically, and very often quadratically, with the number of qubits. We demonstrate the protocol using simulations of 2-qubit and 6-qubit processors.
Penerapan Model Project Based Learning Berbantuan Peer Tutoring Pada Pembelajaran Konsep Dasar IPA untuk Meningkatkan 4Cs Skills Mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Maryono Maryono , Budiono Hendra
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to describe the application of the project based learning model with peer tutoring on the learning of Basic Science Concepts to improve 4Cs skills of Elementary School Teacher Education Students. This research is a classroom action research by adopting Kemmis and Taggart's research steps consisting of planning, action, observation and reflection. The subject of the study was the second semester PGSD students with a total of 39 people. Data collection instruments in this study were observation sheets of the implementation of the PjBL model, critical thinking skills tests, communication assessment observation sheets, student collaboration observation sheets, and student creativity assessment observation sheets in producing herbarium products. The results showed an increase in 4Cs student skills. In the first cycle, 4Cs skills of students with an average percentage of 70.11%, high category. In the second cycle showed an increase with an average percentage of 76.01% in the high category. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the project based learning model assisted by peer tutoring can improve the 4Cs skills of PGSD Jambi University students.
Pelaksanaan Penilaian Portofolio Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Kuntarto Eko , Gustina Rahani
Published: September 2020

This portfolio assessment has been widely applied in primary schools in Indonesia. In practice portfolio assessment has been widely used for the teacher certification process. This study aims to describe the implementation of portfolio assessment and describe the results of the implementation of portfolio assessment in elementary schools. The approach in this study uses a qualitative approach. While the type of research used in this study is the basic theory. This research was carried out at Muara Bulian 80 / I Elementary School, Batang Hari Regency, Jambi Province. Data collection techniques used are non-participant observation, interviews, and documentation. Researchers use the Miles and Hubermen model to analyze existing data. The model is to carry out the stages that begin with collecting data, reducing, displaying data, and verifying or drawing final conclusions. This research was conducted in the even semester of the Academic Year 2017/2018. From the results of the study concluded that portfolio assessment which includes content, assessment criteria and forms of presentation of student portfolios developed by teachers include, daily tests, book reading reports, self-assessment sheets, inter-theme assessment sheets, and for class 1 also included books homework, practice books, dictation assignments and coloring
Student Writen Conversation In The Midst Of Social Media Era
Authors: Kuntarto Eko
Published: September 2020

This research aimed to explain the model of writen conversationin the social media era, such presence of WhatsApp (WA) as well as to explore some of the positive contributions of WA used in building the Real Life Communication. By applying the Exploratory design, this research involved 4 participants as a purposively selected data source with indicators as WA users. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussion, Interview, and Observation and analyzed by several stages i.e. data reduction, displaying data, categorizing, and verifying and concluding. The results showed that Indonesia writen conversationcan decrease as the dominant use of WA was not wise. Nevertheless, the use of WA applications also had some positive contributions in building a real relationship. Finally, the assumption that the negative impact of using the WA application should be able to change the mindset and positive attitude in initiating and defending an oral interaction.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Matematika Materi Bangun Ruang Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Make A Match pada Siswa Kelas VI B SD Negeri 61/X Talang Babat
Authors: Sugiono Sugiono
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan matematika materi bangun ruang melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif make a match pada siswa kelas IV B SD Negeri 61/X Talang Babat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitan ini terdiri dari 3 siklus dan setiap siklus terdapat satu kali pertemuan. Tahapan setiap siklus adalah tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi tindakan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV B SD Negeri 61/X Talang Babat tahun ajaran 2018/2019 sebanyak 26 orang siswa. Data penelitian ini adalah teks dan angka tentang kemampuan siswa dalam materi bangun ruang. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan tes. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan siswa kelas IV B SD Negeri Talang Babat pada materi bangun ruang melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif make a match. Kriteria keberhasilan penelitian adalah 70,00 nilai tersebut diperoleh pada siklus ke-tiga. Peningkatan nilai dari siklus pertama sampai ketiga adalah 65,15 menjadi 66,81 menjadi 77,15. Hasil refleksi siklus pertama belum mampu mencapai kriteria keberhasilann dikarenakan belum terbiasa menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif make a match. Jumlah siswa yang mencapai kriteria keberhasialan pada siklus ketiga adalah 21, yang belum mencapai adalah 5 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa model kooperatif make a match dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa kelas IV B SD Negeri 61/X Talang Babat materi bangun ruang.
Utilizing Facebook Groups in Teaching English as Foreign Language: Indonesian EFL Teachers’ Voices
Authors: Arfiandhani Puput
Published: September 2020

In the era of 4.0, social media has become an integral part of everyday life, including for the purpose of teacher learning. One of the means of social media that has been used for enhancing teachers’ independent professionalism is Facebook Groups related with their teaching professions. The present qualitative study aims at (i) exploring English as A Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ experiences in utilizing Facebook Groups for their teacher learning and (ii) finding out the benefits of teachers’ involvement in teaching-related Facebook Groups. In collecting the data for the present case study, in-depth interviews were done with two teachers, one novice teacher and one experienced teacher. The findings and discussions indicated that teachers use Facebook groups to enhance their professionalism, despite they tend to start refraining from utilizing the groups due to uncomfortable atmosphere that Facebook now offers. Additionally there are three benefits found of joining Facebook groups, namely their enriched information on content knowledge, knowledge of curriculum and knowledge of educational contexts. In the current time where teachers need to shift into distance learning in the timely fashion, whereas many subjects need to be comprehended quickly.
Sustaining competitive advantage through good governance and fiscal controls: Risk determinants in internal controls
Authors: Rahman Md. Jahidur , Marjerison Rob Kim
Published: September 2020

This study conducts a comprehensive review of the literature published during 1989-2020 to identify the factors that can cause internal control weakness. This review is organized around five main groups, namely: 1) rapid growth and restructuring, 2) financial reporting complexity, 3) auditor tenure, 4) cultural differences, and 5) corporate governance. We perform an integrated literature review approach. Among the several factors found, some factors (the proportion of managerial ownership, Individualism, power distance, financial reporting complexity, rapid growth, and auditor-customer geographic distance) have a positive relationship with internal control weakness while others (the quality of the board of directors and auditing committees, directors’ compensation, and uncertainty avoidance) have a negative relationship. The findings contribute to future research by examining the factors that can cause internal control weakness from different perspectives, which will prove to be useful for investors, auditors, audit committee members, managers, and other stakeholders regarding the prevention of internal controls weaknesses through the application of solid internal controls as well as a path towards the improvement of existing problems of internal control weakness.
Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of simplified goniofufurone analogues
Authors: Sreco-Zelenovic Bojana , Grabez Sanja , Popsavin Mirjana , Kojic Vesna , Francuz Jovana , Popsavin Velimir
Published: September 2020

Several (+)-goniofufurone analogues with simplified structures were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antitumour activity, against a panel of human tumour cell lines. Dephenylated compounds 2 and 3 demonstrated remarkable antitumour activities, in the cultures of K562 and Raji cells with IC50 values in the range of 3.0?9.3 nM. Each of goniofufurone analogues lacking the tetrahydrofuran ring (4, 5 and 6) strongly inhibited the growth of at least one malignant cell line, with IC50 values in the range of 11-30 nM. Brief structure?activity relationship (SAR) analysis showed that the simplified goniofufurone analogues, designed by removing the phenyl group from C-7, or by opening the THF ring, could show stronger antiproliferative effects compared to control molecules. It is noticeable that analogues 2?8 are completely inactive with respect to the normal MRC-5 cell line. These findings, together with their potent antitumour activities, provide a suitable basis for the development of new and selective antitumour drugs.
Long-term therapy of Kaposi’s sarcoma with the use of prospidium chloride and mTOR receptor inhibitors in а patient after kidney transplantation
Authors: Parabina E. V. , Yaremin B. I. , Kaabak M. M.
Published: September 2020

A case of a long-term management of a patient with Kaposi’s sarcoma developed as presumably related to a “standard” immunosuppressive therapy after kidney transplantation has been described. Immunosuppressive therapy conversion to mTOR receptor inhibitors and administering chemotherapy with prospidium chloride allowed for a long-term remission of the disease and a satisfactory clinical outcome.
PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). Nomination as a Corresponding Member to the USSR Academy of Sciences (1966)
Authors: Glyantsev S. P.
Published: September 2020

The article has described, analyzed, and introduced into scientific circulation some previously unknown facts from V.P. Demikhov's life, namely, his nomination as a Corresponding Member to the USSR Academy of Sciences in the specialty "physiology" in May, 1966, and his experimental and research work in 1966. The inspection of his scientific activities undertaken on behalf of the Academic Council of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Emergency Medicine, showed that the discoveries and achievements V.P. Demikhov had made in the field of physiology were significant, and he was worthy of being nominated for the rank of a Corresponding Member to the USSR Academy of Sciences. However, he lacked several votes for being elected to the Academy. Meanwhile, in 1966 V.P. Demikhov continued his unique research, having initiated studying the coronary blood flow of the transplanted heart, implementing immunosuppression in kidney transplantation, and starting the experiments on creating a bank of organs to preserve their functions before transplantation.
Penanaman Karakter Kejujuran Melalui Kantin Anti Korupsi pada Siswa SD/MI Ngargorejo, Ngemplak, Boyolali
Authors: Khotimah Rita Pramujiyanti , Putro Donny Suryo , Utomo Ginanjar Wahyu , Hidayah Anisa Fera , Astriyanti Nurul Endah , Sari Yusti Ratna , Alfanani Tiara Risti , Muthmainnah Heny Tri , Mazliza Mazliza , Zakiah Zakiah
Published: September 2020

Kejujuran merupakan salah satu karakter yang penting ditanamkan semenjak dini pada siswa. Melalui kejujuran  diharapkan bisa dihasilkan siswa yang cerdas tidak hanya secara intelektual, namun juga cerdas secara moral. Program ini bertujuan untuk menanamkan karakter kejujuran melalui kantin anti korupsi pada siswa SD/MI Ngargorejo, Ngemplak, Boyolali. Metode pelaksanaan program melalui penyuluhan dan pendampingan. Hasil pelaksanaan program menunjukkan bahwa nilai nilai karakter kejujuran siswa yang diinternalisasikan dalam kantin anti korupsi di SD/ MI Ngargorejo, Ngemplak, Boyolali telah tertanamkan dengan baik. Siswa sudah  menunjukkan sikap jujur, disiplin dan mandiri dalam program kantin anti korupsi. Keberadaan kantin anti korupsi dengan teknik pelayanan self-service system dapat dijadikan sebagai media yang baik dalam penanaman karakter kejujuran siswa karena bisa melahirkan sikap dan tindakan siswa yang positif.
THE REFUSAL STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY PRE-SERVICE EFL TEACHERS: A COMPARISON BETWEEN JAVANESE AND SUMATRANS
Authors: Dewi Lintang Indah Ayu Respati , Aniq Lailatun Nurul , Anisa Khairani Dian
Published: September 2020

Refusing is a part of commissive speech acts. Refusing is a face-threatening act (FTA) that needs a good pragmatic competence since it probably gives risk to the interlocutor's positive or negative face. However, it indicates that people from various cultural backgrounds employ dissimilar refusal strategies. This study aimed at providing a comparison of refusal strategies used between Javanese Pre-service English Teachers (JPETs) and Sumatranese Pre-service English Teachers (SPETs) in accordance with different levels of power. The data were elicited from the DCT given to 10 JPETs and 10 SPETs. The participants were asked to fill the DCTs with written responses in which each DCT described different contexts and settings. Based on the analysis, JPETs and SPETs employed similar strategies in refusing to a request. The difference was only on the frequency usage of a certain strategy. Furthermore, all of the indirect strategies were applied to refuse a request meanwhile only a strategy comes from a direct strategy called the negation of proposition that is applied. A direct refusal strategy call bluntness was not applied. This study evoked pre-service awareness of pragmatic competence which could be taught to their future students and larger participants were encouraged for future study.
Единственное представление трех натуральных чисел, abc-гипотеза и ограничения по z
Authors: Харькин Олег
Published: September 2020

Рассматривается теорема о единственном представлении и авс-гипотеза