bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of metasurface design in terahertz microfluidic chips
Authors: Serita Kazunori , Kobatake Satoshi , Tonouchi Masayoshi
Published: December 2022

Microfluidics with terahertz (THz) waves could result in realizing newly label-free analytical methods capable of shortening the time required for analytical processes.
Visualization of phase array effect in a terahertz radiation pattern from the semiconductor surface in free space
Authors: Mannan A. , Murakami F. , Serita K. , Murakami H. , Tonouchi M.
Published: December 2022

Terahertz (THz) emission from a semiconductor surface under femtosecond excitation is crucial due to the high demand of spatial resolution for THz imaging and THz time-domain spectroscopy in near-field and far-field techniques. [1]
Ultrafast quantum key distribution using fully parallelized quantum channels
Authors: Terhaar Robin , Rödiger Jasper , Häußler Matthias , Wahl Michael , Gehring Helge , Wolff Martin A. , Beutel Fabian , Hartmann Wladick , Walter Nicolai , Hanke Jonas , Hanne Peter , Walenta Nino , Diedrich Maximilian , Perlot Nicolas , Tillmann Max , Röhlicke Tino , Ahangarianabhari Mahdi , Schuck Carsten , Pernice Wolfram H. P.
Published: December 2022

The field of quantum information processing offers secure communication protected by the laws of quantum mechanics and is on the verge of finding wider application for the information transfer of sensitive data. To improve cost-efficiency, extensive research is being carried out on the various components required for high data throughput using quantum key distribution (QKD). Aiming for an application-oriented solution, we report the realization of a multichannel QKD system for plug-and-play high-bandwidth secure communication at telecom wavelengths. We designed a rack-sized multichannel superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) system, as well as a highly parallelized time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) unit. Our system is linked to an FPGA-controlled QKD evaluation setup for continuous operation, allowing us to achieve high secret key rates using a coherent-one-way protocol.
Refractive axicon for X-ray microscopy applications: design, optimization, and experiment
Authors: Samadi Nazanin , Vila-Comamala Joan , Shi Xianbo , Sanli Umut T. , David Christian , Stampanoni Marco , Bonnin Anne
Published: December 2022

In a full-field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) setup, a condenser X-ray optical element is used to illuminate the sample by condensing the X-ray beam delivered by the synchrotron storage ring. On-going and future upgrades of synchrotron facilities to diffraction-limited storage rings will pose new challenges to these TXM setups, such as much smaller X-ray beams on the condenser. Here, we demonstrate that a refractive axicon can be used as an X-ray beam shaper to match the ring-shaped aperture of the condenser. Aiming at more efficient use of the incoming X-ray intensity, we explore several axicon designs both analytically and with numerical simulations. The axicons were produced by two-photon polymerization 3D printing on thin silicon nitride membrane substrates. The first characterization of the axicon was carried out at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source (Switzerland).
Grid-adaptive Fourier pseudospectral time domain model for the light scattering simulation of atmospheric nonspherical particles
Authors: Shuai Hu , Jiaqi Zhao , Shulei Li , Lei Liu
Published: December 2022

PSTD (pseudospectral time domain) is recognized as one of the powerful models to accurately calculate the scattering properties of nonspherical particles. But it is only good at the computation in coarse spatial resolution, and large “staircase approximation error” will occur in the actual computation. To solve this problem, the variable dimension scheme is introduced to improve the PSTD computation, in which, the finer grid cells are set near the particle’s surface. In order to ensure that the PSTD algorithm can be performed on non-uniform grids, we have improved the PSTD with the space mapping technique so that the FFT algorithm can be implemented. The performance of the improved PSTD (called “IPSTD” in this paper) is investigated from two aspects: for the calculation accuracy, the phase matrices calculated by IPSTD are compared with those well tested scattering models like Lorenz-Mie theory, T-matrix method and DDSCAT; for computational efficiency, the computational time of PSTD and IPSTD are compared for the spheres with different sizes. From the results, it can be found that, the IPSTD scheme can improve the simulation accuracy of phase matrix elements notably, especially in the large scattering angles; though the computational burden of IPSTD is larger than that of PSTD, its computational burden does not increase substantially.
Fluid lubricated polishing based on shear thickening
Authors: Yin Lianmin , Da Yifan , Hu Hao , Guan Chaoliang
Published: December 2022

With the development of short wavelength optics, high requirements are put forward for the full frequency errors of optical elements, while the processing efficiency and surface quality of traditional polishing methods are difficult to meet their requirements. In this paper, a fluid lubricated polishing method is proposed by combining non-Newtonian fluid with traditional polishing methods. According to Preston equation and shear thickening principle, the tool influence function of fluid lubricated polishing is established and verified by experiments. The results show that the fluid lubricated polishing has a very good convergence ability to the full frequency error of the workpiece. In addition, the convergence rate of fluid lubricated polishing on roughness is about twice that of chemical mechanical polishing. Finally, fluid lubricated polishing extends Preston from Newtonian fluid polishing to non-Newtonian fluid polishing.
80-μs pulsewidth from a circulation-free diode-pumped liquid organic laser limited by thermal blooming
Authors: Longo A. V. , Hamja A. , Forget S. , Chenais S.
Published: December 2022

Continuous-wave laser emission is challenging to obtain in organic lasers, whether in the solid or liquid form, a limitation caused by long-lived triplet states and by thermal effects. In liquid dye lasers, both issues can be fixed by rapidly flowing the dye, which is technically complex and prevents those lasers to be further miniaturized or easily integrated. Here we address the issue of the maximal pulsewidth that can be obtained in liquid dye lasers in the absence of any dye flow, in a compact and cost-effective diode-pumped laser system. Pulses as long as 80 μs have been obtained, thanks to the combination of a hemispherical resonator design, almost insensitive to thermal-lens effects, and an intentional mismatch between pump and cavity spatial modes. The limitation in pulse duration is shown to be entirely due to thermal blooming, and more specifically to diffraction losses brought by the spherical aberration of the thermal lens.
Integrated lithium niobate polarization beam splitter based on a photonic-crystal-assisted multimode interference coupler
Authors: Yuan Mingrui , Han Xu , Xiao Huifu , Nguyen Thach Giang , Boes Andreas , Ren Guanghui , Hao Qinfen , Xue Jiuzhi , Mitchell Arnan , Tian Yonghui
Published: December 2022

Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is a promising platform for high-speed photonic integrated circuits (PICs) that are used for communication systems due to the excellent electro-optic properties of lithium niobate (LN). In such circuits, the high-speed electro-optical modulators and switches need to be integrated with passive circuit components that are used for routing the optical signals. Polarization beam splitters (PBSs) are one of the fundamental passive circuit components for high-speed PICs that can be used to (de)multiplex two orthogonal polarization optical modes, enabling on-chip polarization division multiplexing (PDM) systems, which are suitable for enhancing the data capacity of PICs. In this Letter, we design and experimentally demonstrate a high-performance PBS constructed by a photonic crystal (PC)-assisted multimode interference (MMI) coupler. The measured polarization extinction ratio (ER) of the fabricated device is 15 dB in the wavelength range from 1525 to 1565 nm, which makes them suitable for the high-speed and large data capacity PICs required for future communication systems.
Natural statin derivatives as potential therapy to reduce intestinal fluid loss in cholera
Authors: Noitem Rattikarn , Pongkorpsakol Pawin , Changsen Chartchai , Sukpondma Yaowapa , Tansakul Chittreeya , Rukachaisirikul Vatcharin , Muanprasat Chatchai
Published: December 2022

As a leading cause of death in children under 5 years old, secretory diarrheas including cholera are characterized by excessive intestinal fluid secretion driven by enterotoxin-induced cAMP-dependent intestinal chloride transport. This study aimed to identify fungal bioactive metabolites possessing anti-secretory effects against cAMP-dependent chloride secretion in intestinal epithelial cells. Using electrophysiological analyses in human intestinal epithelial (T84) cells, five fungus-derived statin derivatives including α,β-dehydrolovastatin (DHLV), α,β-dehydrodihydromonacolin K, lovastatin, mevastatin and simvastatin were found to inhibit the cAMP-dependent chloride secretion with IC50 values of 1.8, 8.9, 11.9, 11.4 and 5 μM, respectively. Being the most potent statin derivatives, DHLV was evaluated for its pharmacological properties including cellular toxicity, mechanism of action, target specificity and in vivo efficacy. DHLV at concentrations up to 20 μM did not affect cell viability and barrier integrity of T84 cells. Electrophysiological analyses indicated that DHLV inhibited cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-dependent apical chloride channel, via mechanisms not involving alteration of intracellular cAMP levels or its negative regulators including AMP-activated protein kinases and protein phosphatases. DHLV had no effect on Na+-K+ ATPase activities but inhibited Ca2+-dependent chloride secretion without affecting intracellular Ca2+ levels. Importantly, intraperitoneal (2 mg/kg) and intraluminal (20 μM) injections of DHLV reduced cholera toxin-induced intestinal fluid secretion in mice by 59% and 65%, respectively without affecting baseline intestinal fluid transport. This study identifies natural statin derivatives as novel natural product-derived CFTR inhibitors, which may be beneficial in the treatment of enterotoxin-induced secretory diarrheas including cholera.
Household food insecurity risk indices for English neighbourhoods: Measures to support local policy decisions
Authors: Smith Dianna M. , Rixson Lauren , Grove Grace , Ziauddeen Nida , Vassilev Ivaylo , Taheem Ravita , Roderick Paul , Alwan Nisreen A.
Published: December 2022

Background

In England, the responsibility to address food insecurity lies with local government, yet the prevalence of this social inequality is unknown in small subnational areas. In 2018 an index of small-area household food insecurity risk was developed and utilised by public and third sector organisations to target interventions; this measure needed updating to better support decisions in different settings, such as urban and rural areas where pressures on food security differ.

Methods

We held interviews with stakeholders (n = 14) and completed a scoping review to identify appropriate variables to create an updated risk measure. We then sourced a range of open access secondary data to develop an indices of food insecurity risk in English neighbourhoods. Following a process of data transformation and normalisation, we tested combinations of variables and identified the most appropriate data to reflect household food insecurity risk in urban and rural areas.

Results

Eight variables, reflecting both household circumstances and local service availability, were separated into two domains with equal weighting for a new index, the Complex Index, and a subset of these to make up the Simple Index. Within the Complex Index, the Compositional Domain includes population characteristics while the Structural Domain reflects small area access to resources such as grocery stores. The Compositional Domain correlated well with free school meal eligibility (rs = 0.705) and prevalence of childhood obesity (rs = 0.641). This domain was the preferred measure for use in most areas when shared with stakeholders, and when assessed alongside other configurations of the variables. Areas of highest risk were most often located in the North of England.

Conclusion

We recommend the use of the Compositional Domain for all areas, with inclusion of the Structural Domain in rural areas where locational disadvantage makes it more difficult to access resources. These measures can aid local policy makers and planners when allocating resources and interventions to support households who may experience food insecurity.
Impact of the COVID-19 Vaccination Program on case incidence, emergency department visits, and hospital admissions among children aged 5–17 Years during the Delta and Omicron Periods—United States, December 2020 to April 2022
Authors: Topf Katherine G. , Sheppard Michael , Marx Grace E. , Wiegand Ryan E. , Link-Gelles Ruth , Binder Alison M. , Cool Andrea J. , Lyons B. Casey , Park Sohyun , Fast Hannah E. , Presnetsov Arthur , Azondekon G. Roseric , Soetebier Karl A. , Adjemian Jennifer , Barbour Kamil E.
Published: December 2022

Background

In the United States, national ecological studies suggest a positive impact of COVID-19 vaccination coverage on outcomes in adults. However, the national impact of the vaccination program on COVID-19 in children remains unknown. To determine the association of COVID-19 vaccination with U.S. case incidence, emergency department visits, and hospital admissions for pediatric populations during the Delta and Omicron periods.

Methods

We conducted an ecological analysis among children aged 5–17 and compared incidence rate ratios (RRs) of COVID-19 cases, emergency department visits, and hospital admissions by pediatric vaccine coverage, with jurisdictions in the highest vaccine coverage quartile as the reference.

Results

RRs comparing states with lowest pediatric vaccination coverage to the highest pediatric vaccination coverage were 2.00 and 0.64 for cases, 2.96 and 1.11 for emergency department visits, and 2.76 and 1.01 for hospital admissions among all children during the Delta and Omicron periods, respectively. During the 3-week peak period of the Omicron wave, only children aged 12–15 and 16–17 years in the states with the lowest versus highest coverage, had a significantly higher rate of emergency department visits (RR = 1.39 and RR = 1.34, respectively).

Conclusions

COVID-19 vaccines were associated with lower case incidence, emergency department visits and hospital admissions among children during the Delta period but the association was weaker during the Omicron period. Pediatric COVID-19 vaccination should be promoted as part of a program to decrease COVID-19 impact among children; however, vaccine effectiveness may be limited when available vaccines do not match circulating viral variants.
The association between vitamin D receptor polymorphism and phases of chronic hepatitis B infection in HBV carriers in Thailand
Authors: Ananchuensook Prooksa , Suksawatamnauy Sirinporn , Thaimai Panarat , Sriphoosanaphan Supachaya , Thanapirom Kessarin , Teerapakpinyo Chinachote , Pooworawan Yong , Komolmit Piyawat
Published: December 2022

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism partly regulates the immune system and is associated with hepatic flare in chronic Hepatitis B virus infection (HBV). Our study identified the association between two distinct phases, VDR polymorphisms and HBV inactive carrier (IC) and chronic hepatitis (CH). Chronic HBV patients were enrolled from February to August 2020. An HBV viral load (VL) < 2,000 IU/ml twice for 6 months apart, with no prior history of HBV treatment, defined the IC phase. Six common polymorphisms in the VDR gene, including CdX-2, GATA, FokI, Bsml, ApaI, and TaqI, were studied using real-time PCR. The different outcomes in allele, genotype, and haplotype frequencies in between groups and linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping were analyzed. Among 324 enrolled patients, there were 163 patients in IC and 161 patients in CH phases. The mean vitamin D levels were not statistically different between groups. The proportion of allele frequencies of CdX-2 in IC and CH was 53.7% and 62.7% for G allele, and 46.3% and 37.3% for A allele (p 0.019). The proportion of GG genotype of CdX-2 was less frequently found in patients with IC compared to that in patients with CH (27% vs 41%, p 0.028). By multivariate analysis, CdX-2 G/A genotypes were independently associated with IC, with adjusted odd ratio (OR) 1.83 (1.10–3.04), p 0.019. The LD mapping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) revealed high LD scores in Bsml/ApaI/TaqI (BAT) haplotype in both groups while, CdX-2/GATA and GATA/FokI demonstrated high LD score only in CH group. CdX-2 G/A genotypes were independently associated with IC status in Thai patients with chronic HBV infection. The difference in LD of the CdX-2/GATA and GATA/FokI haplotypes in between groups may represent a non-random selection resulting in the variation of immune control.
A comparative study of RF heating of deep brain stimulation devices in vertical vs. horizontal MRI systems
Authors: Vu Jasmine , Bhusal Bhumi , Nguyen Bach T. , Sanpitak Pia , Nowac Elizabeth , Pilitsis Julie , Rosenow Joshua , Golestanirad Laleh
Published: December 2022

The majority of studies that assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) induced radiofrequency (RF) heating of the tissue when active electronic implants are present have been performed in horizontal, closed-bore MRI systems. Vertical, open-bore MRI systems have a 90° rotated magnet and a fundamentally different RF coil geometry, thus generating a substantially different RF field distribution inside the body. Little is known about the RF heating of elongated implants such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices in this class of scanners. Here, we conducted the first large-scale experimental study investigating whether RF heating was significantly different in a 1.2 T vertical field MRI scanner (Oasis, Fujifilm Healthcare) compared to a 1.5 T horizontal field MRI scanner (Aera, Siemens Healthineers). A commercial DBS device mimicking 30 realistic patient-derived lead trajectories extracted from postoperative computed tomography images of patients who underwent DBS surgery at our institution was implanted in a multi-material, anthropomorphic phantom. RF heating around the DBS lead was measured during four minutes of high-SAR RF exposure. Additionally, we performed electromagnetic simulations with leads of various internal structures to examine this effect on RF heating. When controlling for RMS B1+, the temperature increase around the DBS lead-tip was significantly lower in the vertical scanner compared to the horizontal scanner (0.33 ± 0.24°C vs. 4.19 ± 2.29°C). Electromagnetic simulations demonstrated up to a 17-fold reduction in the maximum of 0.1g-averaged SAR in the tissue surrounding the lead-tip in the vertical scanner compared to the horizontal scanner. Results were consistent across leads with straight and helical internal wires. Radiofrequency heating and power deposition around the DBS lead-tip were substantially lower in the 1.2 T vertical scanner compared to the 1.5 T horizontal scanner. Simulations with different lead structures suggest that the results may extend to leads from other manufacturers.
An early interactive human coaching via a mobile application to improve quality of life in patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer: Design and protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Hak Jin , Yoon Hong Man , Ryu Keun Won , Kim Young-Woo , Kim So Young , Oh Jin Myoung , Wie Gyung Ah , Ko Hyunyoung , Lee Jungeun , Kim Youngin , Cho Hyunsoon , Eom Bang Wool
Published: December 2022

Background

After gastrectomy, patients may experience the postgastrectomy syndrome and face difficulties adapting to everyday diet. Recently, human health coaching via a mobile application (app) has been used for obese patients or patients with chronic diseases, with significant improvements in clinical outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects of human health coaching via a mobile app and conventional face-to-face counseling in patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancers.

Methods

This study is a single-institution, prospective randomized controlled trial comparing the mobile health and face-to-face counselling groups. After randomization, participants assigned to the mobile health coaching group will receive health coaching via a mobile app for 3 months after discharge, and the assigned coaches will provide personalized advice based on the self-recorded health data. Participants in the face-to-face group will have 1- and 3-months postoperative dietary consultations with a clinical dietitian. The primary endpoint is the food restriction score on the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-STO22, and secondary endpoints included all other quality of life scale scores and nutritional parameters. The calculated sample size is 180, and the outcomes will be measured until 1-year post-surgery.

Significance

This study will show the efficacy of human health coaching via a mobile app on dietary adaptation in patients who underwent gastrectomy. A relational approach based on personal data and timely intervention using a mobile platform could reduce patients’ trial and error and improve quality of life.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04394585, Registered 19 May, 2020 –Retrospectively registered, http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT040394585.
Relationship between sociodemographics, loss of income, and mental health among two-spirit, gay, bisexual, and queer men in Manitoba during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Souleymanov Rusty , Amjad Sana , Moore Samantha , Star Jared , McLeod Albert , Payne Michael , Ringaert Laurie , Larcombe Linda , Restall Gayle
Published: December 2022

This study examined the relationship between loss of income due to the COVID-19 pandemic and worsening mental health among a sample of 366 Two-Spirit, gay, bisexual, queer (2SGBQ+) men in Manitoba. Data were drawn from a cross-sectional online survey among 2SGBQ+ men in Manitoba. Logistic regression assessed the relationship between sociodemographics, loss of income due to COVID-19 (independent variable) and worsening of mental health (analytic outcome). Among all respondents in the sample (N= 366), 55% indicated worsening of their mental health. In logistic regression, compared to participants who did not experience any loss of income, those who experienced loss of income due to the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly more likely to report worsening mental health (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]= 8.32,95% Confidence Interval[CI]= 3.54–19.54). Compared to participants who self-identified as gay, bisexual-identifying participants were less likely to report worsening mental health (AOR= .35,95%CI= 0.13–0.96). Finally, as compared to participants who were married or partnered, participants who were dating (AOR= 3.14,95%CI= 1.60–6.17), single (AOR= 4.08,95%CI= 1.75–9.52), and separated/divorced/widowed (AOR= 15.08,95%CI= 2.22–102.51) were all significantly more likely to report experiencing a worsening of mental health due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study highlights the need to develop robust public strategies for sub-populations of 2SGBQ+ men (non-gay identified sexual minorities and 2SGBQ+ men who may be more socially isolated). Specific targeted and tailored public health interventions designed with the unique needs of 2SGBQ+ men in Manitoba may be required to increase their access to socio-economic and mental health supports.
Cognitive adverse effects of epilepsy and its predictors attending outpatient department of South Gondar zone hospitals, Amhara Region, Ethiopia 2020 /2021
Authors: Asnakew Sintayehu , Legas Getasew , Belete Amsalu , Admasu Fitalew Tadele , Yitbarek Getachew Yideg , Aytenew Tigabu Munye , Demise Biruk , Alemu Eshetie Molla , Alemu Muluken Adela , Bayih Wubet Alebachew , Feleke Dejen Getaneh , Chanie Ermias Sisay , Birhane Binyam Munye , Kefale Demewoz
Published: December 2022

Background

Epilepsy is the most common neurologic disorder which is further complicated by neurobehavioral co-morbidities, cognitive impairment, psychiatric disorders, and social problems. However, assessments of cognitive status of epileptic patients are far too low during clinical visits. This calls for early neuropsychological assessment soon after the diagnosis of epilepsy for a better treatment plan and outcome for epileptic patients.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the cognitive adverse effects of epilepsy and its predictors attending outpatient departments of South Gondar Zone hospitals Amhara region Ethiopia 2020/2021.

Methods

A multi-center institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 509 respondents were included with a response rate of 93.9%. Previously adapted pretested structured questionnaire was used containing, socio-demographic, clinical, and seizure related factors. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to measure cognitive impairment. A systematic random sampling technique was applied. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.4.2 then exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regressions with odds ratios and 95% confidence interval were employed. The level of significance of association was determined at a p-value < 0.05.

Results

Prevalence of cognitive impairment in this study was 69.2% (95%CI; 65.4, 73.1). Rural residents (AOR = 4.16,95%CI, 1.99,8.67), respondents who couldn’t read and write (AOR = 2.62, 95%CI; 1.24, 5.5,) longer duration of seizure disorder (AOR = 4.59,95%CI; 2.01,10.52), taking combined Phenobarbital and Phenytoin (AOR = 4.69,95%CI; 1.88,11.69), having history of head injury (AOR = 3.29,95%CI;1.30,8.32), having depression (AOR = 4.76,95%CI;2.83,7.98), and anxiety (AOR = 3.11,95%CI; 1.58,6.12) were significantly associated with cognitive impairment.

Conclusions

Prevalence of cognitive impairment in this study was high. Regular neuropsychiatric assessment of patients with epilepsy should be encouraged especially for those participants with longer durations of illness, who are rural residents, who take combined Phenobarbital and Phenytoin, participants who had a history of head injury, depression, and anxiety.
Differential transcriptomic changes in the central nervous system and urinary bladders of mice infected with a coronavirus
Authors: Clarkson Taylor C. , Iguchi Nao , Xie Alison Xiaoqiao , Malykhina Anna P.
Published: December 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) often leads to the development of neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We previously characterized neurogenic bladder dysfunction in a mouse model of MS induced by a coronavirus, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV). The aim of the study was to identify genes and pathways linking neuroinflammation in the central nervous system with urinary bladder (UB) dysfunction to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying LUTS in demyelinating diseases. Adult C57BL/6 male mice (N = 12) received either an intracranial injection of MHV (coronavirus-induced encephalomyelitis, CIE group), or sterile saline (control group). Spinal cord (SC) and urinary bladders (UB) were collected from CIE mice at 1 wk and 4 wks, followed by RNA isolation and NanoString nCounter Neuroinflammation assay. Transcriptome analysis of SC identified a significantly changed expression of >150 genes in CIE mice known to regulate astrocyte, microglia and oligodendrocyte functions, neuroinflammation and immune responses. Two genes were significantly upregulated (Ttr and Ms4a4a), and two were downregulated (Asb2 and Myct1) only in the UB of CIE mice. Siglec1 and Zbp1 were the only genes significantly upregulated in both tissues, suggesting a common transcriptomic link between neuroinflammation in the CNS and neurogenic changes in the UB of CIE mice.
A Case of an Orbitocranial Injury with an Unusual Foreign Object
Authors: Diciano Jr. MD David G. , Suzanne Sabundayo-Tiu MD DPBO , Elaine Yatco-Omaña MD DPBO
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Large impaled object in the orbital region causes severe visual impact and requires specialized care within the shortest time possible.

Objectives
In this case report, we discussed the approach and management of a patient that presented with a penetrating orbitocranial injury, from management at the emergency unit, diagnostic imaging, referral to other subspecialty, surgical and medical intervention, and post-operative care.

Discussion
A 36-year old male had an impaled toilet brush on the supero-nasal aspect of the right orbit, with visual acuity of 6/60 and lacerated upper eyelid. The globe had minimal movement on all gazes, but pupil was reactive to light with no afferent defect. On plain cranial and orbital CT-scan, the foreign body entered the anterior and medial aspects of the right orbit penetrating the right superior orbital wall, right medial lamina papyracea, and the lateral and inferior border of the right frontal sinus with its distal tip at the intracranial region at the right frontal lobe compressing the medial rectus along its tract. Two hours after injury, patient underwent wound exploration, removal of foreign body, repair of eyelid laceration, right craniotomy, frontal contussectomy, duraplasty, and JP-drain insertion under general anesthesia. Intraoperatively, there was note of transected canaliculus and avulsed conjunctiva. The medial rectus was intact and attached. The frontal lobe was contused with embedded fragments of right posterior orbital bone with 3cm opening on the dura. Post-operatively, Fluconazole was added to the medications after culture results of the toilet brush tip tested positive for fungal elements. Patient was discharged after 21 days with visual acuity of 6/6 on both eyes and improved ocular movement.

Conclusion
These types of injury warrants thorough and systematic history taking and physical examination, acquiring pertinent imaging modalities to better visualize the extent of injury, and execute surgical and medical intervention that is multidisciplinary
Intracranial Tumor Presenting as Raymond Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Tomas-Esteban Danica , Dizon April , Ang Lourdes , Reyes Karen
Published: December 2022

This is a case of a pediatric patient who presented with a sudden onset of right abducens nerve palsy with contralateral hemiplegia with no facial paralysis. With the constellation of symptoms aided by the presence of enhancing pontine mass on magnetic resonance imaging, the presence of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) was presumed to have caused the findings consistent with the common type of Raymond syndrome.
A Summary of Circular RNAs in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Xiao Rui , Wu Hong , Chen Keping
Published: December 2022

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are recently rediscovered eukaryotic molecules that form a covalently closed-loop structure through a special type of alternative splicing known as backsplicing. These closed-loop structures are highly stable and resistant to RNase degradation, and are thereby expressed in a tissue-specific and evolutionarily conserved manner, which regulates the expression of proteins and mRNAs that are involved in the metabolic pathways associated with specific diseases. Recent evidence of the ubiquitous expression of circRNAs in cancer under physiological and pathophysiological conditions indicates that dysregulation of gene and protein expression might promote tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis, and that circRNAs have important clinical significance in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cancer and other diseases. This review provides a brief introduction to the characteristics, formation, and function of circRNAs. Some of circRNAs act as microRNA (miRNA) sponges to regulate the level of transcriptional splicing and the expression of parental genes through the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulation axis. We summarize recent progress in above-mentioned circRNAs associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Reckoning with Tlatelolco: Arturo Rosenblueth and a Cybernetic Rhetoric
Authors: Izaguirre José G.
Published: December 2022

This essay examines the cybernetic rhetoric of Dr. Arturo Rosenblueth, a cybernetician and prominent Mexican intellectual. Published in a journal reaffirming Mexico's political image in the aftermath of the Tlatelolco Massacre in 1968, his essay offered a counter to one of the government's rationales for the violence enacted against the movimiento estudiantil at Tlatelolco—the influence of el extranjero. Rosenblueth's essay evinced a mediating path between complete disavowal of Mexico's statist tendencies and support for the Mexican state in post-Tlatelolco Mexico. Yet, in invoking cybernetics as a rhetoric for public intervention in this moment of crisis, I argue that Rosenblueth's use of cybernetics both empowered his proposals calling for an adjustment to perceptions of el extranjero and supported the survival of a strong Mexican state enacting violence against it. I conclude from my reading of Rosenblueth's essay that the political possibilities of cybernetic rhetoric lie not only on the cybernetician's ideological commitments or political context(s) but by a plasticity constitutive of cybernetics.
Effect of Substrate Temperature on the Electrical Properties of Al-doped Zinc Oxide Films Deposited on Polyethylene Terephthalate
Authors: Faraj Mohammad G.
Published: December 2022

To prepare homogeneous thin films of zinc oxide (ZnO) doped with aluminum (Al) on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate at different temperatures (200-250 °C), the process is carried out by utilizing the chemical spraying pyrolysis approach. A study of the effects of substrate temperature on the Al-doped Zinc Oxide (AZO) films' electrical characteristics and roughness is performed. The measurements of atomic force microscopy (AFM) shows that the root mean square (RMS) roughness of the AZO films is increased with the increase of PET substrate temperature. Hall measurements show that the electrical resistivity decreases as the substrate temperature increases. Upon the increment of substrate temperature, there is an increase in the carrier concentration value from 9.98 × 1019 to 5.4 × 1020 cm−3 and an increase in the carrier mobility value from 5.5 to 9.76 cm2.(V. S)−1.
O DECRETO-LEI N.º 54/2018
Authors: Rita Margarida Carvalho Simas Bonança Rita Margarida Carvalho Simas , Castanho Maria da Graça Borges , Morgado Elsa Maria Gabriel
Published: December 2022

O presente trabalho visa refletir sobre o novo quadro normativo da Educação Inclusiva em Portugal, tendo em conta a perspetiva de diversos autores da especialidade e, ainda, estudos científicos realizados a nível nacional, no recente contexto da aprovação do Decreto-Lei n.º 54/2018, de 6 de julho, que revogou o Decreto-Lei n.º 3/2008, de 7 de janeiro, que regulamentava a educação especial em Portugal, alterado pela Lei n.º 21, de 2008, de 12 de maio, o qual estabelece os princípios e as normas que garantem a inclusão. Assim, novos desafios surgem com o novo paradigma da Educação Inclusiva em Portugal, que se assume como o tema central neste artigo científico, de natureza qualitativa, tendo por base a revisão da literatura e pesquisa documental. Com este propósito, daremos enfoque a algumas questões que são alvo da preocupação dos demais intervenientes escolares. Destacaremos alguns pontos fracos e fortes da legislação em vigor, numa reflexão conjunta, procurando garantir um novo compromisso e elevando o princípio da equidade nas escolas portuguesas.
REVIEW OF ENERGY AUDIT AND BENCHMARKING TOOLS TO STUDY ENERGY EFFICIENCY THROUGH REDUCING CONSUMPTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Esteves Francisco , Cardoso José Carlos , Leitão Sérgio , Pires E. J. Solteiro , Baptista José
Published: December 2022

Wastewater treatment systems are major consumers of electricity being responsible for 3 to 5% of global energy consumption, and 56% of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere in the water treatment sector. Climate change currently imposes the definition of a new pattern of human behavior in the defense and sharing of a common space that is the planet, so the optimization of water treatment models plays a crucial role in the definition of sustainability strategies as part of the challenges for decarbonization by 2050. The physical-chemical characteristics of the influent, the treatment techniques and associated technologies and the unpredictability of external phenomena of inefficiency transform wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) into complex systems, sometimes difficult to understand. The study of energy efficiency plays an important role in the emergence of a standard behavior model, which allows the correction of unbalanced situations in the expected energy consumption. Given the importance of the topic, the present review aims to study energy auditing techniques and benchmarking tools developed for the wastewater treatment sector to reduce the current electricity consumption, which could represent up to 90% of total energy consumption. The result of the research was organized according to the criteria defined for the characterization of auditing techniques and benchmarking tools. A review was conducted from 51 scientific papers from different reference research platforms published in the last 20 years according to the keywords. This literature review has shown that there are, in the classification of consumption reduction, energy auditing and benchmarking tools; energy management techniques and methods directed to the energy efficiency of the treatment stages and specific equipment; and, finally, decision support tools. According to the methodology followed, it was possible to conclude that although the concern is not recent, there are techniques and tools for assessing energy performance more suitable for the wastewater sector. However, the authors recognize that associated with the complexity of wastewater treatment systems, inefficiency phenomena still strongly impact energy efficiency assessment, so the contributions for their identification and quantification may represent an added value for data analysis, systematization, and optimization methodologies.
TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI SEBAGAI ALAT BUKTI PENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI POLDA METRO JAYA RESORT METRO TANGERANG KOTA
Authors: Vernandhie Dhanar Dhono
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran teknologi informasi dalam melakukan investigasi kecelakaan lalu lintas. Perkembangan teknologi informasi juga mempengaruhi berkembangnya jenis kejahatan baru yang belum ada pengaturannya dalam KUHP, oleh karena itu CCTV alat bukti elektronik teknologi informasi sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengurai permasalahan yang dihadapi masyarakat Tangerang. Polisi Kota. Hasil penelitian adalah bahwa alat bukti elektronik komputer berupa rekaman video pada CCTV sirkuit tertutup berperan penting dalam penyebaran tindak pidana, karena untuk membuktikan suatu peristiwa pidana secara elektronik diperlukan pembuktian komputer. elektronik. terkait dengan proses penyidikan dalam KUHAP dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008. Kesimpulannya adalah peran pembuktian teknologi informasi elektronik CCTV diperlukan untuk membuktikan tindak pidana kecelakaan lalu lintas.
KEBIJAKAN INTEGRAL PENANGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA
Authors: Priamsari RR. Putri A.
Published: December 2022

Indonesia dapat dikategorikan sebagai negara darurat narkoba. Upaya menanggulangi tindak pidana penyalahgunaan narkotika dapat ditempuh melalui kebijakan kriminal dengan tiga cara, yaitu: penal, non-penal atau integral. Atas dasar hal tersebut, beberapa permasalahan dapat dibahas lebih lanjut adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan kebijakan penal dan non-penal dalam mencegah tindak pidana penyalahgunaan narkotika serta seperti apa integrasi diantara keduanya. Kebijakan penal disebut juga sebagai upaya melalui hukum pidana, yang lebih menitikberatkan pada sifat represif. Semantara kebijakan non-penal menelusuri akar penyebab terjadinya kejahatan, yang lebih menitikberatkan pada sifat preventif. Sedangkan kebijakan integral merupakan harmonisasi dari kebijakan penal dan non-penal yang tidak hanya mengedepankan asas legalitas saja namun juga asas manfaat.
Impact of Changing the Content of the OECD Commentaries to the OECD Model Convention on the Interpretation of a Double Taxation Convention – between Interpretive Dynamism and Unacceptable Change
Authors: Morawski Wojciech
Published: December 2022

This article deals with whether the most recent version of the OECD Commentary should be used when interpreting a double taxation convention or the version that was in force at the time the tax treaty was concluded. The author generally prefers the second position. He rejects the dynamic interpretation of the tax treaty because of the risk of violating democratic standards, inter alia, the decisive role of the parliament in the process of creating tax law.
Elina Druker, Björn Sundmark, Åsa Warnqvist och Mia Österlund (red.), Silence and Silencing in Children's Literature
Authors: Hoem Iversen Sarah
Published: December 2022

Review/Recension
Rebekah Fitzsimmons and Casey Alane Wilson (red.), Beyond The Blockbusters: Themes and Trends in Contemporary Young Adult Fiction
Authors: Nordenstam Anna
Published: December 2022

Review/Recension
”Tänk om Egon tar min cykel”
Authors: Widhe Olle
Published: December 2022

Concentrating on Doris drar (Doris Leaves, 2015), Pudlar och pommes (Poodles and Fries, 2016), and Vitvivan och Gullsippan (Vitvivan and Gullsippan, 2021), this article explores how Pija Lindenbaum utilizes the artistic possibilities of the picturebook medium to communicate with the child reader. Following James Phelan, my investigation goes beyond a static and universal understanding of narratives to seeing them as context-determined and composed in relation to a rhetorical audience. Mike Cadden points out that this rhetorical turn is particularly striking when it comes to children’s literature, as the targeted reader by definition is a child and narratives for children often use specific strategies for more or less well-defined purposes. Taking my cue from rhetorical approaches to literature, I argue that a focus on plots and conflicts enhances our understanding of reading as ethical meaning-making. Conflicts in modern children’s literature are regularly perceived from the child’s point of view in ways that are essential for the transaction of meaning. In my terminology, the conflict constitutes an aesthetic-pedagogical node connecting the reader with the evaluative perspective of the narrative. Addressing the dynamics between text, image, and medium in Lindenbaum’s picturebooks, this article argues that plots and conflicts are pivotal for the reader’s involvement, directing interest and emotional engagement. The plot not only invites the reader to the fictional world, but it also stimulates a context-bound meaning-making involving thoughts, feelings, and values.
Introduktion till årgång 45
Authors: Andersson Maria
Published: December 2022

Introduktion
„Das muss man dann versachlichen …“
Authors: Abel Jörg , Ittermann Peter
Published: December 2022

Während zu den Anforderungen an Interaktionsarbeit in Handel, Pflege und anderen sozialen Diensten zahlreiche Erkenntnisse vorliegen, ist über deren Stellenwert bei produktionsbezogenen Dienstleistungen wie den Technischen Services noch relativ wenig bekannt. Digitalisierung, neue Geschäftsmodelle und komplexere Kundenanforderungen begründen einen Wandel, der sich auf die Arbeit der Fachkräfte in den Technischen Services auswirkt: Zwar kennzeichnen dieses Feld eindeutig Dispositionsbeziehungen, bei denen fachlich geführte Auseinandersetzungen dominieren. Die Beschäftigten müssen mit den Kund:innen jedoch mehr und intensiver kommunizieren – die Interaktion gewinnt als Arbeitsinhalt an Bedeutung. An einem Fallbeispiel wird diese Entwicklung präsentiert und es werden Ansätze der Gestaltung guter Interaktionsarbeit diskutiert.
A novel association between Bmi-1 protein expression and the SUVmax obtained by 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Guo Ying , Zhang Li , Ma Qingjie
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to examine B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (Bmi-1) in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) and its association with the maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) of preoperative fluorine-18-fludeoosyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). Clinicopathological data were retrospectively collected from 60 primary GAC patients. The Bmi-1 protein expression in GAC and adjacent noncancerous tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Pearson’s correlation analysis was conducted to assess the correlation between Bmi-1 expression and the SUVmax. The Bmi-1 protein levels were significantly greater in GAC versus noncancerous tissues, and higher Bmi-1 was significantly correlated with a lower degree of tumor differentiation, higher tumor stages, more lymph node metastasis, and depth of invasion. The SUVmax value was significantly correlated with the T stage, N stage, and clinical stage, but not with age, gender, tumor size, histological differentiation degree, or Lauren classification. Moreover, a significant positive correlation between Bmi-1 and SUVmax was observed in GAC tissues. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate a novel correlation between Bmi-1 and preoperative SUVmax in GAC patients who did not receive radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or targeted treatment before surgery, and both are positively correlated with unfavorable prognostic factors and a higher grade of malignancy.
Impact of an Economic Crisis on Youth Employment: Evidence from 2008 Financial Crisis in Spain
Authors: Martínez-García Miguel Á. , Cámara Ángeles
Published: December 2022

This article addresses the impact that the previous economic crisis had on Spanish economy, focusing on the effects on employment. Therefore, the data on the employed population drawn from the economically active population surveys are broken down by age groups, to analyse the 2008 financial crisis. The model created makes it possible to quantify the losses in production and employment in all sectors, highlighting construction, manufacturing, real estate, and professional and administrative activities as the most affected sectors due to the fall in youth employment. The results obtained allow different employment policies to be focused on sectors most affected by the economic crisis and show that crises do not equally affect all works, because younger workers have suffered disproportional job losses.