bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of depression among medical students during COVID-19 in a southern state of India
Authors: Mathew Jilu Anna , Siby Evin , Alex Arun George , B. S. Gouri Krishna , Moni Merlin , Marwaha Vishal
Published: May 2021

Background: The COVID-19 lockdown has caused increased psychological disturbances among the student community. Medical students are susceptible to mental stressors and thus more likely to be affected by the pandemic. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in medical students during the COVID-19 lockdown in Kerala along with the associated socio-demographic factors.Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students during COVID-19 lockdown in a southern state of India. Collected data included socio-demographic details and depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 (DASS-21). Chi square test was used to determine the association of depression, anxiety and stress with the socio-demographic factors.Results: A total of 760 students were invited to partake in this study. 702 satisfied the inclusion criteria and completed the evaluation, giving a response rate of 92.4%. Among the participants 67.4% were female and 32.6% were males. Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among medical students were 55.1%, 33.2% and 29.4% respectively. It was found that both male and female students experienced the same levels of depression (p=0.533) during the pandemic. Students studying in private self-financing medical colleges experienced more anxiety compared to students at government medical college (p=0.008) during the pandemic. It was also observed that prevalence of depression (58.4%) was highest among first year medical students.Conclusions: The study revealed that depression, anxiety and stress were prevalent in majority of medical students during the pandemic.
Adherence to COVID-19 appropriate behaviour among small scale workers in unorganized sector in Rajasthan by applying health belief model and generalized social beliefs
Authors: Kumar Ashok , . Praveena , Tiwari Pradeep K. , Barik Rashmi R.
Published: May 2021

Background: People’s adherence to COVID-19 appropriate behavior (CAB) is important to prevent and manage coronavirus disease-19. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of adherence to CAB in small-scale workers in the unorganized sector by applying health belief model (HBM) and generalized social beliefs.Methods: This community-based, cross-sectional study was done in Central Rajasthan from January 2021 to March 2021. A pre-tested, structured, interviewer-administered tool was used to collect data from 384 participants. Data were collected on five constructs of HBM and two social axioms.Results: The mean (SD) age of participants was 36.89 (10.84) years. About 58% of participants were male. Adherence to all CAB measures was 15%, it was not found to be associated with age, gender, education level, residence and occupation. The most common practiced CAB measure was face cover (57.8%) followed by handwashing (43.75%). Adherence was found associated with all five HBM constructs and two social axioms.Conclusions: The adherence to CAB was low among small-scale workers in the unorganized sector. It is pivotal to consider the community’s perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, barrier, cue to action, cynicism and reward for application to improve the adherence towards CAB.
The prevalence and risk factors for Mallory-Weiss syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Albalawi Abdulmajeed , Alabbadi Hasan , Almoqbell Tamim , Alsayari Omar , Aljohani Abdulrahman , Almana Ohoud , Alenazi Amal , Alanazi Nawal , Al-thuwaybi Maha , Aljohani Anas , Alshuhayeb Mohammed , Binhashr Haya , Almutairi Maram , Alameer Essam , Alsuhaymi Fahad , Abusabir Dina
Published: May 2021

Mallory-Weiss syndrome (MWS), characterized by tearing and blood from mouth and stool, is a complication of gastro esophageal tract. The prevalence varies and there are a number of risk factors associated with MWS development. The present study is a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence and various risk factors associated with Mallory-Weiss syndrome development. We systematically searched literature using specified keywords, reviewed it, and selected articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Qualitative data was presented in tables and the quantitative data was used to draw forest plots. Percentage was used to determine overall effect size for prevalence and OR and 95% CIs was used to determine overall effect size of risk factors. Our analysis of 21 studies showed that the overall effect size for prevalence was 15.46% with 95% CI of 13.63-17.29. The pooled effect size for hiatus hernia as risk factor was found to be OR 1.96 with 95% CI of 1.96 (1.73-2.22). The pooled effect size for alcohol as risk factor OR 0.81 with 95% CI of 1.96 (0.63-1.05). Finally, we found the pooled effect size for hiccups as risk factor OR 1.04 with 95% CI of 1.96 (0.78-1.39). Mallory-Weiss syndrome is not widely prevalent in various populations. There are a number of risk factors for MWS and hiatus hernia is most significant. Alcohol consumption is not strong predictor and hiccups are an emerging risk factor. There is a need for new studies with large number of subjects and controlled conditions.
A clinicopathological study of patients with sino nasal polyposis in tertiary care centre
Authors: Gowda P. R. Belure , Kumar M. V. Vinay
Published: May 2021

Background: Masses in sino nasal cavity presents with wide range of complaints like nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, epistaxis, headache, swelling in and around the nose, through clinical examination, rigid nasal endoscopy and by use of advanced imaging technique computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of nose and paranasal sinuses. Presumptive diagnosis is often made. However, it is a careful histopathological examination which divides the nature of any particular lesion, like neoplastic benign or malignant or  non-neoplastic and inflammatory which makes possible to implement correct and timely intervention, which is a major dividing factor for better prognosis.

Methods: A total of 100 cases of nasal polyps were studied by the department of ENT at Hassan institute of medical sciences, Hassan during a period of 1 year from January 2019 to January 2020. They were treated surgically by endoscopic excision, lateral rhinotomy or by radical surgery. All the excised masses were sent for histopathological examination to determine their final diagnosis.

Results: The middle age group of 21 to 30 years was the most common age group affected with more male predominance. Nearly 85% of the cases were non-neoplastic. The most common presentation was nasal obstruction with ethmoidal sinus being the commonest sinuses seen in the present study.

Conclusions: Polypoid lesions in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses may range widely from benign to malignant affecting all the ages. Common nasal lesions were seen in age group 21-30 years and maximum lesions were non- neoplastic.
Trabajo y subjetividad: reflexiones a partir de la experiencia de enfrentar el COVID-19 en el Sistema Único de Salud de Brasil
Authors: Feuerwerker Laura Camargo Macruz
Published: May 2021

Este artículo busca problematizar la relación trabajo y subjetividad a partir de una reflexión sobre experiencias y modos de enfrentar la epidemia de SARS-Cov 2 (COVID-19) en el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) de San Pablo, Brasil. Para eso se realiza una contextualización de la política brasileña y del SUS, rescatando los modos de hacer política en salud. Luego, se presentan los modos de enfrentar la pandemia en el SUS sobre la base de diversas rondas de conversaciones con las y los trabajadores de la salud acerca de lo vivido en la pandemia y su enfrentamiento político, sobre vivencias en el primer nivel de atención, en salud mental, y con los movimientos sociales, cuyo registro está disponible en Youtube. Sobre estos registros, se analizan elementos conceptuales que procuran ampliar las nociones en torno al trabajo en salud, las políticas, las prácticas en salud y los procesos de subjetivación, destacando aprendizajes y retos hacia el futuro.
Bridging the Gaps between Teacher Educators and Student Teachers’ Perceptions about the Attributes of Effective Teacher Educators
Authors: Karim Sayit Abdul
Published: May 2021

The present study attempts to investigate effective EFL teacher educators from the perspectives of student teachers and teacher educators. A survey design was employed to examine student teachers' and teacher educators' perceptions of the attributes of effective EFL teacher educators. Furthermore, an adapted questionnaire was administered online to 408 participants (334 student teachers, and 74 teacher educators) to obtain data about effective EFL teacher educators using four categories of attributes of effective teacher educators, namely subject matter knowledge (SMK), pedagogical knowledge (PK), organization and communication skills (OCS), and socio-affective skills (SAS). Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted for the measurement of central tendency. The findings revealed the student teachers and teacher educators have different perceptions of how they perceived effective EFL teacher educators. There was a significant statistical difference between student teachers and teacher educators' perceptions of the three categories of attributes, namely SMK, PK, and OCS. Meanwhile, there was no significant statistical difference between student teachers and teacher educators' perceptions of SAS. The results of the present study may serve several pedagogical implications in the program of teacher education context.Keywords: EFL student teachers, teacher Educators, effective teacher, perceptions
Whites and Browns: A Contrastive Study of Metadiscourse in English Newspaper Editorials
Authors: Shahid Muhammad Imtiaz , Qasim Hafiz Muhammad , Hasnain Muhammad
Published: May 2021

Metadiscourse is an interesting field of inquiry that is believed to play a vital role in organizing and producing persuasive writing. It is a set of linguistic devices used to communicate attitudes and mark the structural properties of a text. The study aimed to investigate whether native and non-native varieties of English varieties are similar or different from each other from the perspective of interactional meta-discourse markers. The study as contrastive rhetoric research scrutinized a corpus of 900 newspaper editorials (450 written in native English newspapers and 450 written in non-native English newspapers). Editorials were culled from 15 native English newspapers belonging to three native English countries, England, America, and New Zealand, and 15 non-native English newspapers belonging to three non-native English countries, Pakistan, India, and Sri Lanka. Based on the model of metadiscourse given by Hyland (2005), interactional metadiscourse resources were analyzed. The frequencies of interactional metadiscourse markers in both native and non-native varieties were counted and compared with each other. The results disclosed that there were worth-pointing differences between the native and non-native English editorialists in the use of interactional metadiscourse markers. Two different varieties of English editorials showed variations particularly in the use of hedging and self-mention markers. On the whole, findings suggested that the use of interactional metadiscourse markers in native English editorials were more frequent than those in non-native English editorials which made their writings more appealing and convincing context.Keywords: metadiscourse; native; non-native; newspaper; editorials
Controversies in Political Ideologies: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Speeches of Indian and Pakistani Premiers on Pulwama Incident
Authors: Shah Muhammad Imran , Ahmad Saeed Ahmad , Danishs Ali
Published: May 2021

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is considered an effective approach to exploring a text's hidden realities. The current research analyzes the speeches of the leaders of the two states on the incident of Pulwama attack on 14th February 2019 in the region of Indian occupied Kashmir to control the minds of the audience and formulate their ideologies to achieve their political benefits through power abuse. The data has been taken from the speeches delivered by both political leaders, the Premier of Pakistan Imran Khan and the Premier of India, Narendra Modi, on Pulwama Attack. Both qualitative and quantitative research approaches have been followed to investigate the texts. For Quantitative data,  AntConc 3.5.8 has been utilized for the frequencies and concordance of the important words to be discussed. Observation has been utilized to gain in-depth information to describe qualitatively. The results show that some specific linguistic choices regarding some particular vocabulary, pronouns, and modal verbs have been used ideologically by the premiers to manipulate the language of their speeches. The study will be important for researchers who want to investigate the discourse developed by the political leaders’ speeches on the same issue.Keywords:  discourse; pronoun; modality corpus; intertextuality
COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients Undergoing B Cell Depletion Therapy and Those with Humoral Immunodeficiency States: A Scoping Review
Authors: Jones Jessica , Faruqi Aiman , Sullivan James , Calabrese Cassandra , Calabrese Leonard
Published: May 2021

Background: The role of humoral immunity has been well established in reducing infection risk and facilitating viral clearance in patients with COVID-19. However, the relationship between specific antibody responses and severity of COVID-19 is less well understood. 
Methods: To address this question and identify gaps in knowledge, we utilized the methodology of a scoping review to interrogate risk of infection and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with iatrogenic and inborn humoral immunodeficiency states based on existing literature. 
Results: Among patients with iatrogenic B-cell depletion, particularly with agents targeting CD20, our analysis found increased risk of severe COVID-19 and death across a range of underlying disease states. Among patients with humoral inborn errors of immunity with COVID-19, our synthesis found that patients with dysregulated humoral immunity, predominantly common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), may be more susceptible to severe COVID-19 than patients with humoral immunodeficiency states due to X-linked agammaglobulinemia and other miscellaneous forms of humoral immunodeficiency. There were insufficient data to appraise the risk of COVID-19 infection in both populations of patients. 
Conclusions: Our work identifies potentially significant predictors of COVID-19 severity in patients with humoral immunodeficiency states and highlights the need for larger studies to control for clinical and biologic confounders of disease severity.
I play, therefore I teach, I learn, therefore I play: teaching and learning experienced by pifeiros musicians from São José de Piranhas, Sertão da Paraíba
Authors: Braga Elinaldo Menezes , Lucini Marizete
Published: May 2021

This article is the result of reflections developed from a qualitative research in process. Its objective is to understand the educational teaching and learning experienced by the pifeiros musicians of the Bandas Cabaçais from São José de Piranhas - Sertão paraibano. The fact of these popular cultural musical groups be silenced by the hegemonic power justifies opening the doors of its educational spaces to highlight practices, knoledge and the symbolism which cosntitutes it. The focus here is on Manoel Inácio’s life narratives, collected through open interviews. The research hopes to provide contributions to studies on popular education and popular culture transmition, as well as to the development of the groups in and out of their own communities.
PENGARUH ATRIBUT PRODUK KOPI BUBUK INSTAN INDOCAFE TERHADAP KEPUASAN DAN LOYALITAS KONSUMEN DI KOTA PONTIANAK
Authors: Arista Dita , Dolorosa Eva , Suharyani Anita
Published: May 2021

This research aims to figure out the influence of the product attributes of

Indocafe and the effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty in Pontianak city. The

determination of the research location is determined intentionally (purposive method) in the city of Pontianak. The study used survey method with 150 respondents by using purposive sampling. Types of data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. Furthermore, the analysis is done by using structural equation modeling. The results showed that the variable of price, quality and packaging affect customer satisfaction. At the same time, quality has a significant effect to consumer loyalty. The most considerable influence on the quality variables and the overall contribution was the performance. Manufacturers need to improve the quality attributes, meaning the composition or content, the balanced flavor between sweet, sour and bitter, and the aftertaste that can last a long time so that consumers can have a good impression of Indocafe.
DAMPAK PENINGKATAN KONSUMSI KARET ALAM DOMESTIK TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI KARET INDONESIA
Authors: Purwaningrat Linda , Novianti Tanti , Dermoredjo Saktyanu Kristyantoadi
Published: May 2021

Rubber is a people's commodity that contributes greatly to the Indonesian economy. However, the price of natural rubber fluctuates with a downward trend, thus affecting state income and the welfare of Indonesian rubber farmers. Therefore, the natural rubber producing countries in the ITRC forum agreed to increase domestic natural rubber consumption in their respective countries as an effort to stabilize the price of rubber in the world. This policy was later referred to as the Demand

Promotion Scheme (DPS). This study aims to see the impact of the application of DPS as a domestic natural rubber trade policy on the welfare of Indonesian rubber

farmers. The analysis uses an econometric model in the form of a system of

simultaneous equations which is estimated by the Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS)

method using the 1992–2017 annual data series. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of policies to increase domestic natural rubber consumption can improve the welfare of Indonesian rubber farmers.
HUBUNGAN VARIABEL PENDAPATAN PETANI ALIH GUNA LAHAN SAWAH KE KARET (Studi Kasus di Desa Nusaraya Kecamatan Belitang III) KABUPATEN OKU TIMUR
Authors: Pusvita Ema , Munajat Munajat
Published: May 2021

Analysis of the Correlation between Factors Influencing Farmers' Income to Change the Function of Rice Fields to Rubber in Nusaraya Village, Belitang III District, OKU Timur Regency. The purpose of this study is (1) to identify the process of land conversion to rubber plants. (2) Calculate how much farmers' income after the conversion of rice fields to rubber plants. (3) Analyzing the level of closeness of the income relationship of farmers after transferring the function of paddy fields to rubber trees on factors that affect income. The method used in this research is the case study method, with data analysis using the Spearman Rank Correlation. Based on the results of research that has been done, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Identification of the process of changing the function of paddy fields to rubber plants in Nusaraya Village, Belitang III District, Ogan Komering Ulu Timur Regency is determined by the rubber price factor which is higher than the price of rice . (2) The average income of farmers who convert rice fields to rubber is higher because of the two commodities being cultivated, namely rice and rubber. (3) Factors that are highly correlated in influencing the income of the conversion of paddy fields to rubber plants, namely factors of income and amount of rubber production, income and area of rubber land, income and expenditure of farmers, amount of rice production and area of paddy land, amount of rubber production and rubber land area, the amount of rubber production and farmer expenditure, rubber land area and farmer expenditure, while the age of farmers and farmer education are very small correlated with farmers' income to change the function of rice fields to rubber plant.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN LANDAK
Authors: Paginian Eligia , Kurniati Dewi , A Yusro Abdul Hamid
Published: May 2021

Agricultural extension is the first gate of agricultural development to empower farmer in district of Landak. However, the result of performance is not as expected, so strategy for enhacing extension enforcement is needed. This purpose of the research is arrange the strategies to enhace the enforcement of agricultural extension in district of Landak. Research method is a survey with qualitative approach. Respondents of the study is 47 sample person of extension, 13 farmers, 13 person of group farmers, 2 representative of deparment of agricultural in Landak

district. The analysis showed that the main strength is the ability to use technology,

main weakness is the number of agricultural extension is not ideal, the main opportunity is the development of technology in agriculture, the main threat is the

factor of uncertain weather conditions. The strategy priority is the ST (Strength

Threats) strategy, which is coaching the extension like study case that related to

extension programs.

 
DAYA SAING EKSPOR CENGKEH INDONESIA DI PASAR GLOBAL
Authors: Zuhdi Fadhlan , Rambe Khoiru Rizqy
Published: May 2021

Increasing clove export market share in global markets has promising

potential. The aims of this study are to identify the market structure of clove exporting countries and to measure the level of competitiveness and competitive advantage possessed by each exporting country. This study used time series data of Indonesian, Madagascar, Singapore and Comoro clove exports since 2001-2019. The CR4 method is used to identify the market structure, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) used to measure the level of export competitiveness comparatively and Export Competitiveness Index (ECI) used to identify the competitive advantage of each exporting country. The results of the study stated that the market structure formed leads to an oligopoly market with Indonesia and Madagascar as market leaders. Meanwhile, the level of export competitiveness and competitive advantage possessed by Indonesia tend to increase. To increase the share of Indonesian clove exports can be done by conducting dissemination to clove farmers about cultivation technology. So, the farmers can produce high quality clove.
KEPUASAN PETANI TERHADAP LAYANAN PASAR LELANG CABAI SIDO DADI DI KABUPATEN KULON PROGO
Authors: Agustin Rahmi Dwi , Nugroho Agus Dwi , Masyhuri Masyhuri
Published: May 2021

One of the Sido Dadi auction market weaknesses is delay payment system to farmers. This system is done by waiting for payment from the merchant if the chili has been completely sold. This situation causes farmers to be dissatisfied with the auction market services. This study intended to determine the level of farmer’s satisfaction to the Sido Dadi auction market services and its determinant factors. This research was conducted at the Sido Dadi auction market because it was the first auction market in Galur District, Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta Province. The number of respondents was 60 farmers chosen by purposive sampling. The Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) and regression used to analyze the data. The results showed that farmers were satisfied with the auction market services. The determinant factors of farmer’s satisfaction are age, education level, and land area. Farmer satisfaction is in line with increasing of farmers’ age but in contrast to education and the farmer's land area. The Sido Dadi auction market needs to use of the contribution funds to complement infrastructure and held human resource development training. The auction market also needs to have a service Standard Operating Procedures for farmers. In addition, the local government officer needs to intensively provide service management training for auction market managers.
Reliability Analysis of Supply Chain System with the Multi-Suppliers and Single Demander
Authors: Zhang Xin , Ding Zhaopeng , Liu Yanxia
Published: May 2021

The time-dependent solution of a kind of supply chain system with the multi-suppliers and single demander is investigated in this paper. By choosing state space and defining operator of system, we transfer model into an abstract Cauchy problem. We are devoted to studying the unique existence of the system solution and its exponential stability by using the theory of C
0-semigroup. We prove that the system operator generates C
0-semigroup by the theory of cofinal operator and resolvent positive operator. We derive that the system has a unique nonnegative dynamic solution exponentially converging to its steady-state one which is the eigenfunction corresponding eigenvalue 0 of the system operator.
Analysis of association of socs5 gene polymorphism with allergic bronchial asthma and the level of its control
Authors: Cherkаshinа I. I. , Аveryanov A. B. , Nikulinа S. Yu. , Mаksimov V. N.
Published: May 2021

The objective: to analyze the frequency of genotypes and alleles of the rs6737848 polymorphism of the socs5 gene in patients with allergic bronchial asthma (BA) and to assess the association of this polymorphism with different levels of control over this disease.

Subjects and methods. 179 people of the Caucasian race were the subjects of the study, and they all had the confirmed diagnosis of allergic asthma. The diagnosis, severity, and level of disease control were assessed in accordance with the GINA recommendations. The comparison group included apparently healthy individuals (n = 217).

Results. The study of rs6737848 of the socs5 gene revealed statistically significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles in the group of patients with allergic asthma versus the group of healthy individuals. Among patients with allergic asthma, the frequency of the CC genotype and C allele was the highest. Carriers of the CG genotype and G allele prevailed among healthy individuals versus allergic asthma patients. Analysis of frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles of the rs6737848 polymorphism of the socs5 gene showed statistically significant predominance of the CC genotype and C allele in the sample of patients with allergic asthma that was fully or partially controlled.

Conclusion. In women, the CC genotype and allele C of the socs5 gene can be considered as a genetic risk factor for the development of allergic asthma and a prognostic marker of controlled and partially controlled course of the disease. The CG genotype and G allele of the socs5 gene have a conditionally protective effect on the development of allergic asthma.
Study of elution characteristics of anti-tuberculosis drugs mixed with bone cement
Authors: Peretsmanas E. O. , Аrtyukhov A. A. , Shtilman M. I. , Esin I. V. , Zubikov V. S. , Gerasimov I. A.
Published: May 2021

The objective: to assess the elution characteristics of anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, cycloserine, rifampicin, amikacin, kanamycin, ethambutol) placed into bone cement samples and put in a liquid medium to determine the possibility of using such systems as a drug reservoir.

Subjects and methods. For in vitro studies, pure substances of the drugs were used. The spectrophotometry was used to study the elution kinetics of the drugs. Absorption spectra of the drugs in the visible and ultraviolet regions were analyzed to reveal the absorption maxima, and the resistance of the chemical structure of the drugs to heating was assessed. Further, the changes of drug release from hardened bone cement samples under static conditions were studied.

Results. It has been found that studied drugs demonstrated satisfactory parameters of thermal stability and elution which makes it possible to use them in a mixture with bone cement.
Optical coherence tomography: new opportunities for detecting preclinical vision disorders in patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis
Authors: Sabadash E. V. , Skornyakov S. N. , Medvinskiy I. D. , Krasnoborova S. Yu. , Burylova E. A. , Telitsina E. V.
Published: May 2021

The objective of the study: detection of early preclinical manifestations of vision disorders in patients with TB/HIV co-infection using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Subjects and methods. A prospective open-label study was carried out enrolling patients with TB/HIV co-infection (Group 1, n = 19) and patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (Group 2, n = 18). In both groups, standard ophthalmological examination and OCT were performed with measurement of the thickness of the choroid and the diameter of upper and lower temporal and nasal arteries and veins, and assessment of arteriovenous coefficient (AVC).

Results. In the patients of both groups, the thickness of the choroid in the fovea area decreased in comparison with healthy volunteers (control group, n = 20), however, the decrease in choroid thickness was statistically significantly more pronounced in the patients of Group 1, and this group was also characterized by change in the caliber of retina arteries and veins, which is expressed in a higher AVC.

Conclusion. OCT allows early preclinical diagnosis of eye disorders (in the absence of eye complaints) in patients with tuberculosis, including those with concurrent HIV infection. Detection of choroid disorders and AVC changes in such patients allows timely prescription of therapy and prevention of pathological changes from progression.
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in phthisiopulmonary practice in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Parpieva N. N. , Sultanov S. A. , Dzhurabaeva M. Kh. , Аnvarova E. V.
Published: May 2021

The objective of the study: monitoring the spectrum of non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients who referred for medical care to the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology.

Subjects and methods. The diagnostic procedure of ATS/IDSA was used to define if the patient suffers from mycobacteriosis. The following specimens were collected to isolate non-tuberculosis mycobacteria: sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, feces, pleural fluid, surgical and biopsy specimens, and urine. The following tests were performed: Ziehl-Nielsen microscopy, microscopy stained by auramine-O, cultures by Middlebrook 7H9 in BACTEC™ MGIT™ 960 System, Becton Dickinson, USA. Non-tuberculosis mycobateria were differentiated from mycobacterium tuberculosis complex using the sdmpt64 chromatographic test (SD Bioline TBAg MPT64 test, Korea). The non-tuberculosis species were defined by the hybridization technology of DNA* strips GenoType Mycobacterium AS/CM, version 1.0.

Results. Of 14,544 patients with suspected respiratory tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria were detected in 38 (0.26%) of them, 17 (44.7%) patients had Mycobacterium avium complex, in them there were 26 men (68.4%) and 12 (31.6%) women. Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria were isolated mainly from sputum – in 27 (71.2%) patients and urine – in 6 (15.7%) patients. In 26 (68.4%) patients, mycobacteriosis was caused by slow-growing non-tuberculosis mycobacteria, of which Mycobacterium avium complex prevailed – in 17 people as well as Mgordonae – in 8 patients. Rapidly growing non-tuberculosis mycobacteria were identified in 12 (31.6%) patients, they included M. fortuitum (5 cases) and M. chelonae (4) prevailed.
Comparative analysis of genome-wide sequences of the seed lot of the vaccine strain of Mycobacterium bovis BCG-1 (Russia) and daughter isolates obtained from children with BCG osteitis
Authors: Narvskaya O. V. , Vyazovaya A. A. , Zhuravlev V. Yu. , Starkova D. A. , Mushkin A. Yu. , Mokrousov I. V.
Published: May 2021

The objective of the study: a comparative analysis of genome-wide sequences of seed lot (SL) 361 "sh" M. bovis BCG-1 (Russia) and its daughter isolates obtained from children with manifestations of BCG osteitis.

Subjects and methods: genotyping; bioinformational analysis of genome-wide sequences of PS 361 "sh” vaccine BCG-1 (Russia) and its daughter isolates.

Results. PS 361 "sh" BCG-1 (Russia) was heterogeneous in 7 coding sequences with different ratios of single nucleotide substitutions inherited by 2 of 6 daughter BCG isolates. At the same time, polymorphisms did not violate the genomic stability and viability of the BCG vaccine during long-term existence in vivo. In isolates of BCG 2925 and 5448, accumulation (hypothetically, under the pressure of selection in the vaccinated organism) of nonsynonymous substitutions in 4 out of 7 polymorphic genes was noted, including the genes ppsC, eccD5, and eccA5 associated with mycobacterial virulence. Evaluation of the significance of genomic variations in BCG isolates relating to the association with the development of post-vaccination osteitis requires more detailed information about the immune status of patients. Genome-wide analysis of production strains, seed lots, finished vaccine lots and daughter clinical isolates makes the contemporary approach to understanding the molecular basis of the efficacy and complications of BCG vaccination.
Peculiarities of coping strategies among students with various accentuation types
Authors:   Federal Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Belgorod National Research University», Razuvaeva Tatiana , Chuykova Maria ,   Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institutions " Korocha Central District Hospital", Maslova Ksenia ,   Federal Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Belgorod National Research University»
Published: May 2021

The article gives an attempt at an interdisciplinary consideration of the process of interaction between a polygraph examiner and a person being examined within the framework of a special psychophysiological study using polygraph devices. This interaction is considered both from the point of view of the personal dispositions of the participants, and in the context of mathematical modeling of this interaction, using the developments of game theory.
Peculiarities of coping with stress among youngsters with various accentuation types
Authors:   Federal Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Belgorod National Research University», Razuvaeva Tatiana ,   Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institutions " Korocha Central District Hospital", Chuykova Maria , Lemzyakova A ,   Federal Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Belgorod National Research University»
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the experience of loneliness in young people with different types of accentuations. In this paper, the experience of loneliness is considered not only through the main components of this phenomenon (isolation, alienation, need for company, etc.), but also from the angle of the principle of casuality or the reasons why a person feels lonely. According to the data obtained as a result of our research, the need for psychocorrective work aimed at overcoming the feeling of loneliness and mastering the skills of coping with the state of loneliness in young people was justified.
Technologies of social rehabilitation in improving the quality of life of disabled living in stationary social service institutions
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University, Kuzmin Vyacheslav , Borodina Ekatherina ,   graduated Kursk State Medical University
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of a sociological study conducted with the aim of studying technologies that contribute to improving the quality of life of people with disabilities living in stationary social service institutions The article discusses the quality of the services provided, the level of competence and benevolence of the staff of the Kursk boarding house for war and labor veterans; identifies the needs and opportunities of disabled people in the types of social rehabilitation. The ways to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities in a stationary institution of social services have been identified; trends in the development of life difficulties of disabled people; needs for types of assistance. The opinion of the surveyed citizens on the improvement of the health care system was investigated.
Análisis metodológico de los estudios prospectivos que exploran el futuro de la bioeconomía
Authors: Jaso Sánchez Marco Aurelio
Published: May 2021

La innovación basada en ciencias de la vida aspira a hacer frente a las metas ambientales y de desarrollo. En este contexto nos proponemos caracterizar las metodologías para explorar el futuro de la bioeconomía. En virtud de que la prospectiva tecnológica incorpora diversas herramientas para hacer frente a la complejidad tecnológica y social, nos interesa identificar cuáles han predominado en la investigación académica y cómo se han complementado para explorar el desarrollo del sector y diseñar escenarios de futuro.
Método: Condujimos una investigación documental, basada en revistas académicas indizadas en Scopus. Emprendimos un análisis bibliométrico sobre una base de 31 artículos de investigación publicados entre 2015 y 2019. Continuamos con una revisión de la literatura con el propósito de codificar variables sobre el alcance y la metodología, a fin de estar en condiciones de comparar nuestros resultados con las mejores prácticas desprendidas del Diamante de Popper. Clasificamos las herramientas de prospectiva encontradas conforme a su dependencia de fuentes de “evidencia”, “experticia”, “interacción social” y “creatividad”. Finalmente, realizamos un análisis de la red de complementariedades entre enfoques y herramientas en el programa Gephi 0.9.2.
Resultados: Con relación al alcance, predominó la exploración de futuros con escenarios hacia el 2030 (33%) y 2050 (5%), con preferencia por la escala nacional (43%), por encima de la  internacional (38%) y subnacional (20%), en temas relacionados con la factibilidad ambiental y económica de la energía y la biomasa, y en menor medida sobre el análisis de la bioeconomía en su conjunto. En términos de enfoque metodológico, prevalecieron las herramientas basadas en evidencia cuantitativa (71%) y en la opinión de expertos (21%); marginando la incorporación de la opinión de diversos actores sociales (8%) y el uso de herramientas basadas en creatividad (0%). De un total de 33 herramientas de uso común en la práctica prospectiva, se emplearon 11, optando por la incorporación de 1 a 2 por ejercicio (1.3 en promedio).
Conclusión: Nuestros hallazgos se distinguen de estudios previos sobre ejercicios prospectivos que habían documentado la escasa relevancia del sector de estudio en la elección de las herramientas y mostraban la prevalencia de herramientas cualitativas. Por otro lado, corroboran otros estudios que han comenzado a documentar el surgimiento de nuevos campos de aplicación y nuevas combinaciones de herramientas. Para el sector de bioeconomía, consideramos que la cantidad de enfoques, y el nivel de combinación de herramientas empleadas, resulta limitado para explorar la transición hacia un sistema económico sustentable apoyado por la innovación en ciencias de la vida. El análisis de tendencias tecnológicas necesita retroalimentarse de la opinión de actores sociales clave e incorporar elementos creativos en correspondencia con la multiplicidad de factores que explican la adopción de nuevas tecnologías por amplios colectivos sociales.
Habitabilidad de la vivienda emergente para trabajadores migrantes en Villa de Arista, San Luis Potosí
Authors: Espinoza Martínez Armando , Aguillón Robles Jorge , Arista González Gerardo Javier
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo problematiza y analiza la habitabilidad de la vivienda emergente para trabajadores migrantes en el municipio de Villa de Arista, San Luis Potosí, con la finalidad de exponer la vulnerabilidad del derecho humano a una vivienda digna, partiendo de la premisa de evaluación con un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo desde sus características básicas.
Método: En primera instancia, se analiza el fenómeno de la migración y la vivienda emergente en la zona de estudio, además de una revisión teórica del marco legislativo correspondiente, para después enfocar la habitabilidad como un concepto que se encuentra estrechamente ligado a la calidad de vida. La evaluación de esta se da en base al “Modelo de indicadores de gestión para la evaluación cuantitativa de habitabilidad y salud en la vivienda de interés social en San Luis Potosí”, y se plantea la selección de indicadores referentes a la infraestructura física de la vivienda.
Resultados: Se presentan tabuladores de resultados y coherencia metodológica, en donde, a partir de la interpretación de los datos recolectados en campo y los parámetros establecidos por diferentes autores, se obtienen coeficientes que determinan el nivel de habitabilidad de la unidad de análisis seleccionada
Conlusión: Se discuten los resultados obtenidos en cada uno de los indicadores evaluados, además de la identificación de las principales problemáticas del conjunto habitacional. El resultado final determina si existe o no “habitabilidad” dentro de la vivienda emergente respecto a los puntos evaluados, además de la brecha entre los trabajadores y el acceso a sus derechos.
Monitoreo del voltaje de una placa solar y calidad luminosa usando Internet de las Cosas
Authors: Cruz Vázquez Julieta Karina , Velasco Pineda María , Ruiz Ruiz Francisco Gumaro
Published: May 2021

La tecnología de energía solar, fuente de energía natural y gratuita, es implementada en lugares con acceso limitado a la energía eléctrica tradicional, en algunos casos en el ámbito agrícola o en pequeños asentamientos humanos rurales. Actualmente, los sistemas comerciales, incluyen una unidad de control de carga con una pequeña pantalla, con la finalidad de mostrar el voltaje generado, pero desafortunadamente el operario debe de acudir hasta el controlador para revisar su desempeño, por lo que es necesario tener una herramienta que permita conocer la conversión energética en tiempo real de manera remota. Esto se puede lograr haciendo uso de la tecnología del internet de las cosas (IoT). En la actualidad existen diversas plataformas IoT; algunas son gratuitas, otras son versiones demostrativas o de paga.
Método: En el presente trabajo se desarrolló un prototipo con un sistema de monitoreo de voltaje e intensidad luminosa de una pequeña celda solar y un sensor digital TSL2561. Se utilizó el entorno de programación de Arduino acoplado a una plataforma (IoT) myDevices Cayenne para poder transmitir y acceder a los datos de manera remota.
Resultados: Con la integración de los componentes se logró monitorear en la plataforma myDevices Cayenne en tiempo real el voltaje de la celda solar y la intensidad luminosa del entorno de una manera visual e intuitiva, desde cualquier computadora o teléfono celular con acceso a internet.
Discusión: La plataforma de IoT myDevices Cayenne se convierte en una opción atractiva, accesible, robusta y fácil de usar en el desarrollo de proyectos novedosos con IoT aplicados a diferentes sectores de importancia económica.
Potencial productivo de variedades experimentales de sorgo blanco para el sur de Tamaulipas
Authors: Williams Alanís Héctor , Aranda Lara Ulises , Arcos Cavazos Gerardo , Zavala García Francisco , Rodríguez Vázquez María del Carmen , Olivares Sáenz Emilio
Published: May 2021

En México el cultivo de sorgo ocupa el tercer lugar en superficie sembrada después del maíz y frijol. Tamaulipas es el principal estado productor de sorgo, donde se siembra en promedio 895 mil hectáreas y se producen dos millones 383 mil toneladas anuales; sin embargo, esta zona presenta el problema de dependencia de semilla para siembra importada y cara. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el potencial productivo y estabilidad, de un grupo de variedades experimentales derivadas de la cruza de RB-Paloma x Fortuna.
Método: Se evaluaron 14 variedades experimentales, durante los años 2013 a 2017, en tres ambientes de riego y uno de secano. Los testigos fueron las variedades comerciales que les dieron origen a las variedades experimentales: RB-Paloma y Fortuna. El sitio de evaluación fue la estación Cuauhtémoc, Altamira, Tamaulipas, perteneciente al INIFAP. Se aplicó el diseño experimental bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. El modelo GGE biplot se usó para el análisis de estabilidad fenotípica para rendimiento de grano.
Resultados: En los cuatro ambientes de evaluación la variedad experimental 196-2 presentó un rendimiento de grano promedio (p≤0,05) de 3,533 kg ha-1, similar al de RB-Paloma (2,955 kg ha-1) y superior al de Fortuna (2,494 kg ha-1) en 41.7 %. Además, esta variedad fue más precoz a la floración (74.1 días) que Fortuna (84.3 días) Los parámetros de estabilidad indicaron que 196-2 presentó alto rendimiento medio de grano, estabilidad y mejor respuesta en los ambientes. Las variedades experimentales 197-2 y 206-1 presentaron un buen rendimiento medio de grano y estabilidad, además de un rendimiento de biomasa fresca (p≤0,05) de 27,822 y 27,914 kg ha-1 respectivamente, similar al de Fortuna (28,541 kg ha-1) y superior al de RB-Paloma (18,419 kg ha-1) en 55 %; además, fueron más precoces a la floración (77 y 75.3 días, respectivamente) que Fortuna. La variedad 197-2 fue más tolerante a enfermedades foliares que RB-Paloma.
Discusión o Conclusión: Las variedades experimentales 196-2, 197-2 y 206-1 presentaron características agronómicas sobresalientes para la región sur de Tamaulipas.
La naturaleza ontogenética, psicológica y epistemológica de los errores y obstáculos en la construcción de hipótesis científicas: Un estudio de caso
Authors: Stincer Gómez Dení , Couló Ana Claudia , Monroy Nasr Zuraya
Published: May 2021

Un análisis del discurso argumentativo de estudiantes de posgrado de seis generaciones (seis años escolares) de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, nos muestra un conjunto de obstáculos y errores sistemáticos en el proceso de construcción de hipótesis, que serán elemento fundamental en la defensa de sus tesis de grado. En este trabajo argumentamos que la naturaleza de estos errores y obstáculos es ontogenética, psicológica y epistemológica. La naturaleza ontogenética está relacionada con una primacía, conservada por la evolución, de la lógica natural para resolver problemas por sobre la lógica formal. También de las dificultades que acarrea la arbitrariedad del lenguaje. La naturaleza psicológica tiene que ver con una posición del individuo frente a la evidencia y frente a la actividad científica. La evidencia por su contenido corre el riesgo de ser reprimida o rechazada porque constituye una desestabilización de la identidad del sujeto o de las creencias que tienen una función de sostén yoico. Encontramos dependencia psicológica del sujeto hacia sus asesores que les impide construir una afirmación propia. Así mismo, los estudiantes creen que el trabajo académico, más que una empresa de construcción de conocimientos es una actividad evaluadora del yo. Otros errores y obstáculos están relacionados con cuestiones propias de la actividad científica. Una hipótesis, generalmente, manifiesta relaciones causales. La noción de causa y de su naturaleza, desde la filosofía de la ciencia, es debatible. En el presente artículo proponemos algunas explicaciones de las desavenencias en el proceso de construir hipótesis científicas.