bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facilitators for person-centred care of inpatients with dementia: A meta-synthesis of registered nurses’ experiences
Authors: Brossard Saxell Tessa , Ingvert Malin , Lethin Connie
Published: September 2019

Person-centred care is widely advocated when caring for people with dementia. When a person with dementia is admitted for hospital care, hospital wards are obliged to not only address the cause for admission but also provide dementia-specific care during the hospital stay. Research has shown that the delivery of person-centred care to people with dementia is often inadequate or absent in the hospital setting. Moreover, whilst registered nurses often wish to improve the in-hospital care of patients with dementia, there is evidence of experienced barriers. This study aimed to describe registered nurses’ experiences of facilitators for the delivery of person-centred care to inpatients with dementia. By way of systematic searches in the databases PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO, qualitative studies (n = 19) reporting registered nurses experience of caring for inpatients with dementia were identified. Relevant content was analysed using a method of thematic synthesis. Three main categories and nine subcategories were presented, internal facilitators (experience and knowledge; values and beliefs; professional identity; empathy), external facilitators (physical environment; organisational culture and structure) and facilitating actions (forming a holistic picture; establishing trust; adjusting routines and interventions). While facilitators did exist in the hospital setting, the findings indicate that care received by inpatients with dementia is dependent on individual registered nurses knowledge, personal aptitude and ability to compensate for structural flaws. In order to minimise arbitrary outcomes of care for patients with dementia, consistent organisational support in the form of educational interventions and allocation of resources is crucial.
Effect of intensity of short-wavelength light on electroencephalogram and subjective alertness
Authors: Lin J , Westland S , Cheung V
Published: September 2019

Short-wavelength light is known to have an effect on human alertness in the night-time. However, there are very few studies that focus on the effect of intensity of light on alertness. This study evaluates the acute alerting ability of short-wavelength light of three different intensities (40 lux, 80 lux and 160 lux). Eight subjects participated in a 60-minute exposure protocol for four evenings, during which electroencephalogram (EEG) as well as subjective sleepiness data were collected. EEG power in the beta range was significantly higher after subjects were exposed to 160 lux light than after they were exposed to 40 lux, 80 lux light or remained in darkness. Also, the alpha theta power was significantly lower under 160 lux light then in darkness. These results show that the effect of intensity on alertness is not linear and further work should be done to investigate the threshold intensity that is required to produce an alerting effect.
Three Norwegian brothers all European 1500 m champions: What is the secret?
Authors: Tjelta Leif I
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to analyse the performance development and training structure of three Norwegian brothers, HI, FI and JI who are all European 1500 m champions, and to examine to what extent training, environment and family support has been decisive in their development. Their performance development and training from the age of 13 was examined through analysis of the Norwegian Athletic Federation (Norges Friidrettsforbund) all-time best results for boys in 800 m and 1500 m; analysis of training diaries; observation of training sessions; and dialogue with the three runners, their father and coach and their mother. All three were very physically active from a young age, and they have taken part in different sports. In the preparation period leading up to the 2018 and 2019 seasons, these three athletes ran an average of 140–160 km·week–1, with 23–25% at and above anaerobic threshold pace. Training intensity was monitored and controlled via blood lactate measurements taken during all interval sessions. Throughout childhood and adolescence, the boys were highly motivated and strongly encouraged to take part in sport and training by their close family. All the three were coached by their father. An active childhood, a gradual progression in training volume, strong family support, mental toughness, a high volume of training at and above anaerobic threshold, and mindful monitoring and regulation of training intensity have brought these brothers to a top international level in distance running.
Understanding GP practice accounts
Authors: Densley Liz , Cantelo Ed
Published: September 2019

This article gives a basic outline of what is included in practice financial accounts and how they affect individual partners, highlighting areas that should raise questions and requests for further explanation by a doctor planning to join the practice. It does not go into detail about how GPs achieve their earnings.
A Novel Technique for Endoscopic Repair of Large Anterior Skull Base Defects: The PDS Wrap
Authors: Jolly Karan , Okonkwo Okechukwu , Tsermoulas Georgios , Ahmed Shahzada K.
Published: September 2019

Background

Endoscopic skull base surgery continues to push boundaries with increased complexity of work and subsequently larger defects requiring repair. Robust repair following endoscopic skull base surgery is essential to reduce significant postoperative complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leak, meningitis, and pneumocephalus.

Objective

To describe and further validate our novel technique of using a polydioxanone plate wrap used in large anterior skull base resections where brain herniation can be of concern.

Method

After large resections where there is obvious brain herniation, our PDS (polydioxanone) wrap can be deployed to provide rigid support to the brain. The PDS plate is wrapped in a dural graft material and sutured closed in order to allow deployment by releasing the sutures when in position under the bony ridge of the defect.

Conclusion

Till date we have successfully used this technique in 3 patients following large skull base resections of olfactory meningiomas, where there was herniation of the brain. Postoperatively, there was no evidence of cerebrospinal fluid leak. We therefore recommend the use of the PDS wrap to prevent brain herniation and provide additional support to the repair.
Empowering LGBTQ parents: How to improve maternity services and child healthcare settings for this community – ‘She told us that we are good as a family’
Authors: Kerppola Jenni , Halme Nina , Perälä Marja-Leena , Maija-Pietilä Anna
Published: September 2019

Parental empowerment plays an essential role in maternity and child healthcare. Professionals delivering these services are ideally placed to improve parents' empowerment and well-being. This study aims to describe the supporting factors of parental empowerment from the perspective of self-identified lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, or queer (LGBTQ) parents in Finland. The study was conducted using a qualitative inductive design, and 22 parents participated. Interviews were conducted between July and September of 2016 and analysed using inductive content analysis. Four categories emerged: 1) Parents' willingness to create socially recognized families, 2) Parenthood support, 3) Respectful partnership with all parents, and 4) Accessible services. Services were more empowering when parents were treated with dignity. This focus requires gender-neutral communication and a clear sense of security for parents. The findings indicate more education on LGBTQ-related issues is still needed.
Cost of illness of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in Italy
Authors: Marcellusi Andrea , Bini Chiara , Casiraghi Jacopo , D’Ambrosio Francesco , Rotundo Maria A. , Pallara Anita , Mennini Francesco S.
Published: September 2019

The objective of this study was to estimate the indirect and direct non-health costs associated with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a disease that burdens the daily life of adults, children and their families in Italy. In order to develop the economic model, a multidisciplinary group of researchers was created to prepare and computerize a questionnaire, which was promoted by SMA families in collaboration with the Economic Evaluation and Heath Technology Assessment center at the University of Rome Tor Vergata. The analysis envisaged a first phase for implementing and validating the questionnaire by the multidisciplinary group. Subsequently, the questionnaire was computerized and sent out to be completed through all the association’s distribution channels. The social channels and specific mailing lists were limited exclusively to SMA families. To achieve the sample number required by the research protocol, data collection began on January 8, 2018, and closed on April 15, 2018. Finally, all the data were analyzed using the economic model in order to estimate the average costs per patient.The questionnaire was able to identify a sample of 118 families (22.88% SMA I, 48.31% SMA II, 28.81% SMA III). The average age of the patients was 18.49 years (average age at diagnosis 2.88 years) with more females (55,08%) in the total respondents, taking into account a 4.24% rate of non-respondents. The economic model estimated an average annual cost per patient with SMA of €15.371,41 (€17.683,85 for SMA I, €15.974,78 for SMA II and €12.523,52 for SMA III). Of these costs, about 52% were attributable to indirect costs associated with caregivers, 15% for indirect costs associated with the patient and 4% for social security costs. A total of 17% was attributable to the direct costs incurred by the patient and 12% was attributable to the direct costs incurred by the Italian National Health Service (SSN).To our knowledge, this survey represents the first nationwide analysis estimating the costs incurred by families for the management of SMA. This study highlights the need for specific policies to support families who must live with the disease, not only from the standpoint of their compromised quality of life but also due to the significant economic burden imposed by the disease.
Validation of a novel Kinect‐based device for 3D scanning of the foot plantar surface in weight‐bearing
Authors: Rogati Giulia , Leardini Alberto , Ortolani Maurizio , Caravaggi Paolo
Published: September 2019

Background

Advancements in additive manufacturing, along with new 3D scanning tools, are increasingly fulfilling the technological need for custom devices in personalized medicine. In podiatry and in the footwear industry, custom orthotic and footwear solutions are often required to address foot pathologies or morphological alterations which cannot be managed with standard devices. While laser scanners are the current gold‐standard for 3D digitization of the foot shape, their costs limit their applications and diffusion, therefore traditional operator‐dependent casting methods are still in use. The aim of this study was to design and validate a novel 3D foot scanner based on the Microsoft Kinect sensor, allowing a 3D scan of the plantar shape of the foot to be acquired in weight‐bearing.

Methods

The accuracy and repeatability of the prototypal foot scanner were investigated in a population of 14 asymptomatic healthy subjects, with no history of foot or lower limb injuries. The accuracy was estimated by comparing the Kinect foot scans with those obtained with a high‐resolution laser scanner used as reference. The repeatability was assessed by comparing scans of the same foot acquired in different sessions.

Results

The inter‐subject average Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the Kinect scans was lower than 3 mm for the whole plantar surface, and lower than 1.6 mm for the arch region alone, both in left and right feet. The repeatability, quantified as the average RMSE of pairwise comparisons between sessions, was 1.2 ± 0.4 mm.

Conclusions

The present Kinect‐based 3D foot scanner showed optimal intra‐operator repeatability and its accuracy appears adequate to obtain 3D scans of the foot plantar surface suitable for different clinical applications. This device could represent a valid low‐cost alternative to expensive laser‐based scanners and could be used for automatic foot measurements, supporting the design of custom insoles and footwear.
Traditional dairy products in Algeria: case of Klila cheese
Authors: Leksir Choubaila , Boudalia Sofiane , Moujahed Nizar , Chemmam Mabrouk
Published: September 2019

The cheese Klila occupies a very important socio-economic place established in the rural and peri-urban environment. It is a fermented cheese produced empirically in several regions of Algeria. It is the most popular traditional cheese and its artisanal manufacturing process is still in use today. The processing consists of moderate heating of “Lben” (described a little farther) until it becomes curdled, and then drained in muslin. The cheese obtained is consumed as it stands, fresh, or after drying. When dried, it is used as an ingredient after its rehydration in traditional culinary preparations.

In this review, we expose the main categories of traditional Algerian dairy products; we focus mainly on the traditional Klila cheese, its history, origin, and different manufacturing stages. We recall the different consumption modes and incorporation of Klila cheese in the culinary preparations.
Development of a Risk Score to Predict Postoperative Delirium in Patients With Hip Fracture
Authors: Kim Eun Mi , Li Guohua , Kim Minjae
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

Post–hip fracture surgery delirium (PHFD) is a significant clinical problem in older patients, but an adequate, simple risk prediction model for use in the preoperative period has not been developed.

METHODS:

The 2016 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Hip Fracture Procedure Targeted Participant Use Data File was used to obtain a cohort of patients ≥60 years of age who underwent hip fracture surgery (n = 8871; randomly assigned to derivation [70%] or validation [30%] cohorts). A parsimonious prediction model for PHFD was developed in the derivation cohort using stepwise multivariable logistic regression with further removal of variables by evaluating changes in the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC). A risk score was developed from the final multivariable model.

RESULTS:

Of 6210 patients in the derivation cohort, PHFD occurred in 1816 (29.2%). Of 32 candidate variables, 9 were included in the final model: (1) preoperative delirium (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 8.32 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 6.78–10.21], 8 risk score points); (2) preoperative dementia (aOR, 2.38 [95% CI, 2.05–2.76], 3 points); (3) age (reference, 60–69 years of age) (age 70–79: aOR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.20–2.12], 2 points; age 80–89: aOR, 2.09 [95% CI, 1.59–2.74], 2 points; and age ≥90: aOR, 2.43 [95% CI, 1.82–3.23], 3 points); (4) medical comanagement (aOR, 1.43 [95% CI, 1.13–1.81], 1 point); (5) American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status III–V (aOR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.14–1.73], 1 point); (6) functional dependence (aOR, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.17–1.61], 1 point); (7) smoking (aOR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.07–1.72], 1 point); (8) systemic inflammatory response syndrome/sepsis/septic shock (aOR, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.09–1.65], 1 point); and (9) preoperative use of mobility aid (aOR, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.14–1.52], 1 point), resulting in a risk score ranging from 0 to 20 points. The AUCs of the logistic regression and risk score models were 0.77 (95% CI, 0.76–0.78) and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.76–0.78), respectively, with similar results in the validation cohort.

CONCLUSIONS:

A risk score based on 9 preoperative risk factors can predict PHFD in older adult patients with fairly good accuracy.
Intraoperative Methadone Reduces Pain and Opioid Consumption in Acute Postoperative Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Machado Felipe C. , Vieira Joaquim E. , de Orange Flávia A. , Ashmawi Hazem A.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

Methadone is a potent opioid exerting an analgesic effect through N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonism and the inhibition of serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake. It has also been used in several procedures to reduce postoperative pain and opioid use. This meta-analysis aimed to determine whether the intraoperative use of methadone lowers postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption in comparison to other opioids.

METHODS:

Double-blinded, controlled trials without language restrictions were included from MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and CINAHL via EBSCOhost. The included studies tracked total opioid consumption, postoperative pain scores, opioid-related side effects, and patient satisfaction until 72 hours postoperatively. Mean difference (MD) was used for effect size.

RESULTS:

In total, 476 articles were identified and 13 were considered eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. In 486 patients (7 trials), pain at rest (MD, 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47–0.72; P < .00001) and at movement (MD, 2.48; 95% CI, 3.04–1.92; P = .00001) favored methadone 24 hours after surgery. In 374 patients (6 trials), pain at rest (MD, 1.47; 95% CI, 3.04–1.02; P < .00001) and at movement (MD, 2.03; 95% CI, 3.04–1.02; P < .00001) favored methadone 48 hours after surgery. In 320 patients (4 trials), pain at rest (MD, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.65–0.39; P = .001) and at movement (MD, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.82–0.87; P < .00001) favored methadone 72 hours after surgery. A Trial Sequential Analysis was performed and the Z-cumulative curve for methadone crossed the monitoring boundary at all evaluations, additionally crossing Required Information Size at 24 and 48 hours at rest. Methadone group also showed lower postoperative opioid consumption in morphine equivalent dosage (mg) at 24 hours (MD, 8.42; 95% CI, 12.99–3.84 lower; P < .00001), 24–48 hours (MD, 14.33; 95% CI, 26.96–1.91 lower; P < .00001), 48–72 hours (MD, 3.59; 95% CI, 6.18–1.0 lower; P = .007) postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Intraoperative use of methadone reduced postoperative pain scores compared to other opioids, and Trial Sequential Analysis suggested that no more trials are required to confirm pain reduction at rest until 48 hours after surgery. Methadone also reduced postoperative opioid consumption and led to better patient satisfaction scores through 72 hours postoperatively compared to other opioids.
Inner ear organoids: new tools to understand neurosensory cell development, degeneration and regeneration
Authors: Roccio Marta , Edge Albert S. B.
Published: September 2019

The development of therapeutic interventions for hearing loss requires fundamental knowledge about the signaling pathways controlling tissue development as well as the establishment of human cell-based assays to validate therapeutic strategies ex vivo. Recent advances in the field of stem cell biology and organoid culture systems allow the expansion and differentiation of tissue-specific progenitors and pluripotent stem cells in vitro into functional hair cells and otic-like neurons. We discuss how inner ear organoids have been developed and how they offer for the first time the opportunity to validate drug-based therapies, gene-targeting approaches and cell replacement strategies.
How the mechanobiome drives cell behavior, viewed through the lens of control theory
Authors: Kothari Priyanka , Johnson Cecilia , Sandone Corinne , Iglesias Pablo A. , Robinson Douglas N.
Published: September 2019

Cells have evolved sophisticated systems that integrate internal and external inputs to coordinate cell shape changes during processes, such as development, cell identity determination, and cell and tissue homeostasis. Cellular shape-change events are driven by the mechanobiome, the network of macromolecules that allows cells to generate, sense and respond to externally imposed and internally generated forces. Together, these components build the cellular contractility network, which is governed by a control system. Proteins, such as non-muscle myosin II, function as both sensors and actuators, which then link to scaffolding proteins, transcription factors and metabolic proteins to create feedback loops that generate the foundational mechanical properties of the cell and modulate cellular behaviors. In this Review, we highlight proteins that establish and maintain the setpoint, or baseline, for the control system and explore the feedback loops that integrate different cellular processes with cell mechanics. Uncovering the genetic, biophysical and biochemical interactions between these molecular components allows us to apply concepts from control theory to provide a systems-level understanding of cellular processes. Importantly, the actomyosin network has emerged as more than simply a ‘downstream’ effector of linear signaling pathways. Instead, it is also a significant driver of cellular processes traditionally considered to be ‘upstream’.
activPAL and ActiGraph Assessed Sedentary Behavior and Cardiometabolic Health Markers
Authors: EDWARDSON CHARLOTTE L. , HENSON JOSEPH , BIDDLE STUART J. H. , DAVIES MELANIE J. , KHUNTI KAMLESH , MAYLOR BENJAMIN , YATES THOMAS
Published: September 2019

Purpose

To establish whether associations between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic health differ when assessed by thigh-worn and waist-worn accelerometry.

Methods

Participants were recruited from several areas in the United Kingdom. Sedentary behavior was assessed using the activPAL worn on the thigh and ActiGraph worn on the waist. Average total (TST), prolonged (bouts ≥30 min; PST) and breaks (BST) in sedentary time were calculated. Cardiometabolic health markers included: adiposity (body fat) and surrogate markers of adiposity ((waist circumference, body mass index [BMI]), lipids (total, low density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, triglycerides), blood pressure, and glucose (fasting, 2 h and glycated hemoglobin A1c). A clustered cardiometabolic risk score was calculated. Linear regression analysis examined the associations with cardiometabolic health.

Results

There were 1457 participants (mean age [± standard deviation], 59.38 ± 11.85 yr; 51.7% male; mean BMI, 30.19 ± 5.59 kg·m−2) included in the analyses. ActivPAL and ActiGraph sedentary variables were moderately correlated (0.416–0.511, P < 0.01); however, all variables were significantly different from each other (P < 0.05). Consistency was observed across devices in the direction and magnitude of associations of TST and PST with adiposity, surrogate markers of adiposity, HDL, triglycerides, and cardiometabolic risk score and for BST with adiposity, surrogate markers of adiposity, and cardiometabolic risk. Differences across devices were observed in associations of TST and PST with diastolic blood pressure, for TST with 2-h glucose and for BST with HDL. No other associations were observed for any other health marker for either device.

Conclusions

Results suggest that associations with cardiometabolic health are largely comparable across the two common assessments of sedentary behavior but some small differences may exist for certain health markers.
A Critical Evaluation of Current Methods for Exercise Prescription in Women and Men
Authors: IANNETTA DANILO , INGLIS ERIN CALAINE , MATTU ANMOL T. , FONTANA FEDERICO Y. , POGLIAGHI SILVIA , KEIR DANIEL A. , MURIAS JUAN M.
Published: September 2019

Common methods to prescribe exercise intensity are based on fixed percentages of maximum rate of oxygen uptake (V˙O2max), peak work rate (WRpeak), maximal HR (HRmax). However, it is unknown how these methods compare to the current models to partition the exercise intensity spectrum.

Purpose

Thus, the aim of this study was to compare contemporary gold-standard approaches for exercise prescription based on fixed percentages of maximum values to the well-established, but underutilized, “domain” schema of exercise intensity.

Methods

One hundred individuals participated in the study (women, 46; men, 54). A cardiopulmonary ramp-incremental test was performed to assess V˙O2max, WRpeak, HRmax, and the lactate threshold (LT), and submaximal constant-work rate trials of 30-min duration to determine the maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS). The LT and MLSS were used to partition the intensity spectrum for each individual in three domains of intensity: moderate, heavy, and severe.

Results

V˙O2maxin women and men was 3.06 ± 0.41 L·min−1and 4.10 ± 0.56 L·min−1, respectively. Lactate threshold and MLSS occurred at a greater %V˙O2maxand %HRmaxin women compared with men (P< 0.05). The large ranges in both sexes at which LT and MLSS occurred on the basis of %V˙O2max(LT, 45%–74%; MLSS, 69%–96%), %WRpeak(LT, 23%–57%; MLSS, 44%–71%), and %HRmax(LT, 60%–90%; MLSS, 75%–97%) elicited large variability in the number of individuals distributed in each domain at the fixed-percentages examined.

Conclusions

Contemporary gold-standard methods for exercise prescription based on fixed-percentages of maximum values conform poorly to exercise intensity domains and thus do not adequately control the metabolic stimulus.
Predicting transcription factor binding using ensemble random forest models
Authors: Behjati Ardakani Fatemeh , Schmidt Florian , Schulz Marcel H.
Published: September 2019

Background: Understanding the location and cell-type specific binding of Transcription Factors (TFs) is important in the study of gene regulation. Computational prediction of TF binding sites is challenging, because TFs often bind only to short DNA motifs and cell-type specific co-factors may work together with the same TF to determine binding. Here, we consider the problem of learning a general model for the prediction of TF binding using DNase1-seq data and TF motif description in form of position specific energy matrices (PSEMs).

Methods: We use TF ChIP-seq data as a gold-standard for model training and evaluation. Our contribution is a novel ensemble learning approach using random forest classifiers. In the context of the ENCODE-DREAM in vivo TF binding site prediction challenge we consider different learning setups.

Results: Our results indicate that the ensemble learning approach is able to better generalize across tissues and cell-types compared to individual tissue-specific classifiers or a classifier built based upon data aggregated across tissues. Furthermore, we show that incorporating DNase1-seq peaks is essential to reduce the false positive rate of TF binding predictions compared to considering the raw DNase1 signal.

Conclusions: Analysis of important features reveals that the models preferentially select motifs of other TFs that are close interaction partners in existing protein protein-interaction networks. Code generated in the scope of this project is available on GitHub: https://github.com/SchulzLab/TFAnalysis (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1409697).
The frequency of epithelial ovarian cancer subtypes in Sudanese women at Omdurman Maternity Hospital, 2013-2018: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Elmassry Rawia Eljaili , Shrif Nassr Eldin M.A. , Mohamed Aisha Osman , Jamaleldin Fayad , Elaagip Arwa , Husain Nazik Elmalaika
Published: September 2019

Background: Globally, epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is considered the gynecological cancer with the highest mortality. In Sudan, there are scarce publications about the frequency of this carcinoma. Therefore, the present study intended to perform a cross-sectional study to review the morphological sub-types and sort EOC according to age and grade in Omdurman Maternity Hospital (OMH) in Sudan.

Methods: This cross-sectional, hospital-based study included 70 EOC cases diagnosed at OMH in the period 2013-2018. The data were collected from OMH records in the period 2016-2018, and included ovarian cancer types, ages of patients, and tumor grades.

Results: The participants’ median age was 50 years, and the majority of EOC cases were in younger patients (48.6%; n=34; ≤ 50 years (18 to 50 years)). The most familiar tumor sub-type was serous carcinoma (44.3%; n=31), followed by endometrioid carcinoma (27.1%; n=19), mucinous carcinoma (17.1%; n=12), clear cell carcinoma (8.6%; n=6) and undifferentiated carcinoma (2.9%; n=2). The majority of cases were categorized as low grade (51.4%; n=36). Our results revealed significant relationships between EOC types and grades (Fisher’s Exact test, p=0.000).

Conclusion: In Sudanese patients with EOC, serous carcinoma is the most common histological subtype, and EOC is likely to occur in women of a younger age (<50 years). Our results indicate a younger presentation of EOC and warrants quick and thorough investigation of any vague abdominal complaint in women of a younger age (<50 years). Also, it may help in guiding researchers developing screening programs especially for younger women, pay attention to the serous type as the common type and finding novel biomarkers especially for treatment and prognosis of this type.
Effectiveness of link workers providing social prescribing on health outcomes and costs for adult patients in primary care and community settings. A protocol for a systematic review of the literature.
Authors: Kiely Bridget , Croke Aisling , O'Shea Eamon , Connolly Deirdre , Smith Susan M.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The use of link workers for social prescribing and health and social care coordination is increasing, but there is insufficient data to demonstrate their effectiveness or for whom they work best. Multimorbidity is increasing in prevalence and affects those living in deprived areas ten years earlier than affluent areas. This systematic review aims to examine the evidence for the effectiveness and costs of link workers in improving health outcomes. We will also look for evidence for the use of link workers specifically for people living with multimorbidity and in deprived areas.

Methods: Databases of published and grey literature will be searched for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials examining use of link workers based in primary care for community dwelling adults compared to usual care. Primary outcomes will be health related quality of life and mental health. Data on costs will be extracted. Studies will be selected for inclusion by title and abstract review by two reviewers. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) flow diagram will document the selection process. A standardised form will be used to extract data. Data quality will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomised controlled trials, a narrative synthesis will be completed and the GRADE assessment tool used to comment on evidence quality. A meta-analysis of effect size of primary outcomes and subgroup analysis for multimorbidity and social deprivation will be performed if there are sufficient comparable data.

Conclusion: This systematic review will give an important overview of the evidence for the use of link workers providing social prescribing and health and social care coordination in primary care. This will help inform intervention development and guide policy makers on whether these interventions are cost effective and which groups stand to benefit most. Prospero registration: CRD42019134737 (04/07/2019)
Synthesis of Fluoroquinolones Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Swellmeen Lubna , Uzrail Amal , Shahin Rand , AL-Hiari Yusuf
Published: September 2019

Fluoroquinolones are well known to have an anti-infective action. In the present study we described the synthesis of novel florouquinolones derivative as antimicrobial agent. The biological test highlighted a good inhibitory activity for the 7-Chloro-1-Alkyl-6-fluoro-8-nitro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid derived synthons especially against pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae). The binding interactions were monitored and could explain the good inhibitory activity of the synthesized derivatives of florouquinolones.
Bioethanol from Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum) and Ragi Tempeh as Fermentation Starter using Bioreactor and Shaker
Authors: Wong Y. C. , Lam Z. K.
Published: September 2019

This study was investigating the production of bioethanol from the mixture of guinea grass (Panicum maximum) and using ragi tempeh through fermentation. The acid pretreatment process was carried out using 15% v/v sulphuric acid. The fermentation was carried out in anaerobic condition using bioreactor and shaker at 37°C and different pH of 5,6,7, and 8. Freezing test and Tollens’ test result showed very ethanol concentration in the sample product is very low, and aldehyde compounds are present in the product sample. The aldehyde is released due to degradation of lignocellulosic feedstock by acid hydrolysis. HPLC is carried out for getting a more accurate result. The best result is chromatogram of sample 5, obtained by fermentation using shaker with pH 8. It shows normal chromatogram with ethanol yield of 7.89%.
Terms of use of Surface Active Substances (SAS) To Receive Quality Galvanic Coatings of Zinc
Authors: Vysotskaya Nadezhda Andreevna , Kabylbekova Balzhan Nurmanovna , Spabekova Rosa Spabekovna , Кurbanbekov Karim Temirovich , Adyrbekova Gulmira Menlibayeva , Koshkarbayeva Shaizada Turtayevna
Published: September 2019

The use of metal galvanic zinc coatings for protection against corrosion reaches broad indicators due to their obvious advantages: simplicity of preparation, low cost, environmental friendliness, and a long period of resistance to the effects of an aggressive environment on the coating. Sulfuric electrolytes of galvanizing containing a complex of SAS used in combination with each other were investigated. Their effective influence on the protective properties and appearance of zinc coatings is shown. The qualitative and quantitative composition of zinc coatings on a JSM-6490LV raster electron microscope with the systems of energy dispersive microanalysis of INSAEnergu and HKL - Basicc structural analysis with a useful magnification of 300,000 was investigated. Obtained non-porous, fine-crystalline, dense, bright galvanic zinc coatings from electrolytes with surfactants with good adhesion to the base, a comparison of their quality is given, conclusions are made.
Estimation of Water-Soluble Vitamin B-Complex in Selected Leafy and Non-Leafy Vegetables by HPLC Method
Authors: Mozumder N. H. M. Rubel , Akhter Most. Jesmin , Khatun Anwara Akter , Rokibuzzaman Mohammad , Akhtaruzzaman M.
Published: September 2019

A high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) equipped with photodiode array detector (PDA) has been used to determine the water-soluble vitamin B complex ( B1, B2, B3, and B6) in eleven selected vegetables of Bangladesh. The results showed varied levels of vitamin B-complexes. Precisely, Thankuni leaves showed the highest contents of vitamin B1; 0.19 mg/100 g, and vitamin B2; 0.25 mg/100g. Higher content of vitamin B3 (0.59 mg/100 g) were quantified in Coriander leaves, but absent in Jute leaves. On the other hand, the maximum quantified amount of B6 (0.73 mg/100 g) was detected in Carrot. In contrast, there was no detectable vitamin B6 in Jute, and Mint leaves and Cabbage. The findings of the current study may supplement the current Food Composition Table for Bangladesh (FCTB) by providing nutritional information of vitamin B complex in leafy and non-leafy vegetables which can also be used for calculating the habitual dietary intake and/or nutritional survey purposes.
Synthesis of Magnesium Silicate Hydrate as an Adsorbent for Different Dyes
Authors: Panith Pasinee , Wattanathana Worawat , Deeloed Wanchai , Wuttisarn Ratthapit , Wannapaiboon Suttipong , Hanlumyuang Yuranan , Nootsuwan Nollapan , Veranitisagul Chatchai , Laobuthee Apirat
Published: September 2019

Magnesium silicate hydrate was synthesized for using as an adsorbent for different commercial organic dyes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the crystalline phase of magnesium silicate hydrate. Some characteristic absorption bands of the magnesium silicate hydrate structure were observed in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum which supported the result identified from XRD data. Analysis of surface area and porosity by surface area analyzer showed that the synthesized magnesium silicate had high surface area of 634.63 m2/g and also showed the average BJH pore size of 3.72 nm. Insight into the sorption isotherm curve, the hysteresis characteristic was clearly observed suggesting a presence of mesopores within the obtained material. Dye adsorption study revealed that the synthesized adsorbent had the strongest affinity to the cationic dye (methylene blue) on account of the negative charge on the surface of the adsorbent. Hence, the adsorption of methylene blue was reached the equilibrium at the fastest time. In all, the results showed a possibility to apply this prepared magnesium silicate materials as a selective adsorbent for cationic dyes.
Analgesic and Anxiolytic Activities of Achillea Biebersteinii: Evidence for the Involvement of GABAergic Systems
Authors: Abbas Manal Ahmad , Jaffal Sahar Majdi , Al-Najjar Belal Omar
Published: September 2019

Achillea biebersteinii (Asteraceae) is used in traditional medicine for treating abdominal pain, menstrual pain and headache. The analgesic, antidepressant and anxiolytic activities of this plant were studied. Moreover, molecular docking technique was used for plant constituents to determine their energy of binding against GABAA and GABAB receptors. A. biebersteinii decreased flinching in early and late phases of formalin test and increased the time in hot plate test. In forced swimming test, no difference in immobility time was found. In open field test, high doses decreased the crossed lines number and rearing behavior. A. biebersteinii increased the time that the animals spent in the open arm side of elevated plus maze apparatus. Both bicuculline and SCH 50911 reversed A. biebersteinii action. Lavndulyl-2-methylbutanoate and sesquisabinene hydrate, showed the lowest binding energies for both GABAA and GABAB receptors. In conclusion, A. biebersteinii exerted analgesic, anxiolytic but no antidepressant activity. Its effect involved interaction with GABAA and GABAB systems.
Using Patients' Social Network to Improve Compliance to Outpatient Screening Colonoscopy Appointments Among Blacks: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Laiyemo Adeyinka O. , Kwagyan John , Williams Carla D. , Rogers Jessica , Kibreab Angesom , Jack Momodu A. , Lee Edward E. , Brim Hassan , Ashktorab Hassan , Howell Charles D. , Smoot Duane T. , Platz Elizabeth A.
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Patient navigation improves colorectal cancer screening among underserved populations, but limited resources preclude widespread adoption in minority-serving institutions. We evaluated whether a patient's self-selected social contact person can effectively facilitate outpatient screening colonoscopy.

METHODS:

From September 2014 to March 2017 in an urban tertiary center, 399 black participants scheduled for outpatient screening colonoscopy self-selected a social contact person to be a facilitator and provided the person's phone number. Of these, 201 participants (50.4%) were randomly assigned to the intervention arm for their social contact persons to be engaged by phone. The study was explained to the social contact person with details about colonoscopy screening and bowel preparation process. The social contacts were asked to assist the participants, provide support, and encourage compliance with the procedures. The social contact person was not contacted in the usual care arm, n = 198 (49.6%). We evaluated attendance to the scheduled outpatient colonoscopy and adequacy of bowel preparation. Analysis was performed by intention to treat.

RESULTS:

The social contact person was reached and agreed to be involved for 130 of the 201 participants (64.7%). No differences were found in the proportion of participants who underwent screening colonoscopy (77.3% vs 77.2%; relative risk = 1.01; 95% confidence interval: 0.91–1.12), but there was a modest increase in the proportion with adequate bowel preparation with social contact involvement (89.1% vs 80.9%; relative risk = 1.10; 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.21).

DISCUSSION:

Engaging a patient's social network to serve in the role of a patient navigator did not improve compliance to outpatient screening colonoscopy but modestly improved the adequacy of bowel preparation.
PARENTING STRESS PADA IBU YANG MEMILIKI ANAK AUTIS
Authors: Hardi Nur Fitriyani , Sari Ferra Puspito
Published: September 2019

The presence of children in the family becomes happiness for parents, especially mothers. But this will be different when a family has child with autism that behavioral, social, and communication disorders. Raising an autistic child can certainly be stressful for a mother. A mother is stigmatized by the limitations of the child, the difficulty of talking to children will be easier because it requires additional help. This condition overcomes stress and emotion. The purpose of this study was to description of parenting stress mothers who have autistic child. This study uses qualitative research with phenomenological methods. The data collection technique uses the data triangulation method with phenomenological data analysis. The results of the study concluded that varied maternal stress arising from caring for autistic child. Physiological responses that easily tired, cognitive responses that feel embarrassed, disappointed, afraid, and sadness, and behavioral responses that crying, beating and pinching children. Keywords : autism, emotion, mothers, stress
PLAY THERAPY SEBAGAI BENTUK PENANGANAN KONSELING TRAUMA HEALING PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Widyastuti Citra , Widha Lailatul , Aulia Arina Rijki
Published: September 2019

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan daerah yang rawan terkena gempa bumi, tsunami, serta letusan gunung berapi. Hal itu terjadi lantaran Indonesia berada dalam Ring of Fire yaitu cincin api pasifik yang mengelilingi cekungan Samudra Pasifik  yang berbentuk tapal kuda dan mencakup wilayah sepanjang 40.000 km, mulai dari Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Banda hingga Maluku. Anak usia dini menjadi korban yang paling rentan terkena trauma, karena pada dasarnya mereka tidak dapat mengartikulasikan dan menunjukkan perasaan cemas yang dialaminya. Trauma healing menjadi salah satu kegiatan yang sangat penting dilakukan untuk anak-anak korban pasca bencana alam. Dan salah satu metode yang cukup efektif serta sering digunakan oleh beberapa konselor dan volunteer sebagai pengobatan anak-anak yaitu dengan terapi bermain atau Play Therapy. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan mengkaji beberapa teori dan literatur yang berkaitan dengan tahapan pelaksanaan Play Therapy.Kata Kunci: Play Therapy, Konseling, Trauma Healing, Anak Usia Dini.
Computational methods for NMR and MS for structure elucidation II: database resources and advanced methods
Authors: Valli Marilia , Russo Helena Mannochio , Pilon Alan Cesar , Pinto Meri Emili Ferreira , Dias Nathalia B. , Freire Rafael Teixeira , Castro-Gamboa Ian , Bolzani Vanderlan da Silva
Published: September 2019

Technological advances have contributed to the evolution of the natural product chemistry and drug discovery programs. Recently, computational methods for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) have speeded up and facilitated the process of structural elucidation even in high complex biological samples. In this chapter, the current computational tools related to NMR and MS databases and spectral similarity networks, as well as their applications on dereplication and determination of biological biomarkers, are addressed.
Simulation-driven machine learning for robotics and automation
Authors: El-Shamouty Mohamed , Kleeberger Kilian , Lämmle Arik , Huber Marco
Published: September 2019

Mass personalization—a megatrend in industrial manufacturing and production—requires fast adaptations of robotics and automation solutions to continually decreasing lot sizes. In this paper, the challenges of applying robot-based automation in a highly individualized production are highlighted. To face these challenges, a framework is proposed that combines latest machine learning (ML) techniques, like deep learning, with high-end physics simulation environments. ML is used for programming and parameterizing machines for a given production task with minimal human intervention. If the simulation environment realistically captures physical properties like forces or elasticity of the real world, it provides a high-quality data source for ML. In doing so, new tasks are mastered in simulation faster than in real-time, while at the same time existing tasks are executed. The functionality of the simulation-driven ML framework is demonstrated on an industrial use case.
Evaluation of Skin Response After Erbium:Yttrium– Aluminum–Garnet Laser Irradiation: A Network Analysis Approach
Authors: Rezaei-Tavirani Majid , Rezaei Tavirani Mostafa , Zamanian Azodi Mona , Moravvej Farshi Hamideh , Razzaghi Mohammadreza
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Application of laser in medicine and cosmetic purposes has raised grossly in recent years. There are contradictory finding about its side effects. In this research critical differentially expressed proteins after irradiation erbium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Er:YAG) laser on skin are investigated. Methods: Proteome data including 31 proteins were obtained from a proteomics investigation of laser irradiation, Er:YAG on female mouse skin that are published by Pan et al. The query proteins and 100 related ones were included in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The central nodes were determined and all of nodes were included in action maps. Expression, activation, inhibition, binding, and reaction were considered in action plan. Results: Numbers of 16 proteins were recognized by STRING database and were included in the network. Except PHRF1, the other 15 query proteins were included in the main connected component of the constructed network. Ten central nodes of the network and ten numbers of top query proteins based on degree value were identified as central proteins of the network. All nodes of the network analyzed via action maps and the important acted nodes were determined as RPSA, GAPDH, TPT1, DCTN2, HSPB1, and PDIA3. Conclusion; Two balanced processes including cancer promotion and cancer prevention were after irradiation were identified.
Maxillary Orthodontic Expansion Assisted by Unilateral Alveolar Corticotomy and Low-Level Laser Therapy: A Novel Approach for Correction of a Posterior Unilateral Cross-Bite in Adults
Authors: Caccianiga Gianluigi , Lo Giudice Antonino , Paiusco Alessio , Portelli Marco , Militi Angela , Baldoni Marco , Nucera Riccardo
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The treatment of a true unilateral posterior crossbite often requires asymmetric maxillary expansion; however, this is challenging to achieve with conventional expansion methods because of several biomechanical limitations. In this paper, we introduce a new protocol for the treatment of a unilateral posterior crossbite in adults based on maxillary orthodontic expansion assisted by corticotomy and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) performed on the crossbite side. Methods: The study sample included 15 adults (8 females, 7 males) affected by a true unilateral posterior crossbite, with a mean age of 21.6 ± 3.1 years at the at the beginning of treatment. After the application of orthodontic appliances (palatal expander and self-ligating brackets), corticomy was performed at the buccal aspect of the crossbite side while LLLT was monthly administered up to the correction of the crossbite. The efficacy of the technique was evaluated through measurements performed on maxillary digital models. Results: All subjects reported successful correction of the posterior unilateral crossbite, and functional occlusion was achieved as well. The average expansion was greater at the crossbite side compared to the unaffected side and such difference was significant at the levels of first premolars (P < 0.05), second premolars (P < 0.05) and first molars (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Orthodontic maxillary expansion assisted by unilateral corticotomy and LLLT was effective in the treatment of the true unilateral crossbite.