bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of globalisation techniques on feature selection for text classification
Authors: Parlak Bekir , Uysal Alper Kursat
Published: June 2020

Text classification (TC) is very important and critical task in the 21th century as there exist high volume of electronic data on the Internet. In TC, textual data are characterised by a huge number of highly sparse features/terms. A typical TC consists of many steps and one of the most important steps is undoubtedly feature selection (FS). In this study, we have comprehensively investigated the effects of various globalisation techniques on local feature selection (LFS) methods using datasets with different characteristics such as multi-class unbalanced (MCU), multi-class balanced (MCB), binary-class unbalanced (BCU) and binary-class balanced (BCB). The globalisation techniques used in this study are summation (SUM), weighted-sum (AVG), and maximum (MAX). To investigate the effect of globalisation techniques, we used three LFS methods named as Discriminative Feature Selection (DFSS), odds ratio (OR) and chi-square (CHI2). In the experiments, we have utilised four different benchmark datasets named as Reuters-21578, 20Newsgroup., Enron1, and Polarity in addition to Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT) classifiers. According to the experimental results, the most successful globalisation technique is AVG while all situations are taken into account. The experimental results indicate that DFSS method is more successful than OR and CHI2 methods on datasets with MCU and MCB characteristics. However, CHI2 method seems more accurate than OR and DFSS methods on datasets with BCU and BCB characteristics. Also, SVM classifier performed better than DT classifier in most cases.
Reading the Fourfold Gospel From the Two Creation Stories in Genesis: A Creation Theological Understanding of the Fourfold Gospel for Holistic Mission
Authors: Yun Joel Suh-Tae
Published: June 2020

The Fourfold Gospel of regeneration, sanctification, divine healing, and the Second Coming was introduced to Korea in the early 20th century and played a crucial role in developing the Korea Holiness Churches. It seems, however, that the previous understanding of the Fourfold Gospel has some limitations in helping Christians to participate in missio Dei. Because missiological hermeneutics of the Fourfold Gospel has focused mainly on the theology of redemption, it has frequently led to a narrow understanding of missio Dei. Through the reading of the two creation stories in Genesis, we can recognize that God’s creative works already have redemptive meanings and that His redemptive works already have creative/creational meanings. In this sense, it is also possible to see the Fourfold Gospel from a creation theological perspective. This understanding may positively motivate Christians to participate in missio Dei to restore and complete God’s creation as his vicegerents and stewards.
Urban Renewal and “Ghetto” Development in Baltimore: Two Sides of the Same Coin
Authors: Blessett Brandi
Published: June 2020

This article uses critical race theory to examine the implementation of one of the first full-scale urban renewal rehabilitation projects in Baltimore, Maryland. Using a race-conscious lens, the tools of government (e.g., economic, institutional, personnel, and linguistic) are examined to contextualize how administrative decisions produced racially disproportionate outcomes for Black residents in the Harlem Park neighborhood.
Multiple extracranial metastases from glioblastoma multiforme: a case report and literature review
Authors: Liu Jing , Shen Liangfang , Tang Guyu , Tang Siyuan , Kuang Weilu , Li Huan , Tian Yifu , Zhou Qin
Published: June 2020

Extracranial metastasis from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is rare, especially multi-site metastases without intracranial recurrence. However, the metastatic mechanism of GBM remains unknown and there is currently no consensus regarding the best therapeutic regimen. We report the case of a 46-year-old man with primary GBM who developed scalp metastases and subsequent multiple pulmonary metastases. He was treated with the Stupp regimen after surgery for the intracranial tumor. However, a series of soft masses in the scalp were subsequently identified, and new nodules were found in his left eyebrow arch during chemoradiotherapy. Despite salvage chemotherapy and targeted therapy, the patient eventually died of respiratory failure with multiple pulmonary metastases. This case highlights the need for rigorous follow-up, including brain magnetic resonance imaging, in patients with GBM. The occurrence of extra-central nervous system symptoms indicates the possibility of metastasis, and the relevant examinations should be conducted promptly. Positive therapies may help to relieve symptoms and prolong survival in patients with metastatic GBM.
Perioperative nursing care of a patient with urogenital sinus malformation who underwent vaginal calculus removal and correction: a case report
Authors: Tong Baoqin , Wang Meili , Yu Jieqiong , Feng Suwen
Published: June 2020

Cases of urogenital sinus malformation with a huge calculus are complex and rare. Improper nursing care of these cases can lead to a series of problems. We report here a 23-year-old married woman who was admitted to hospital because of primary amenorrhea and failed sexual intercourse for 5 years. Through combined diagnosis and treatment of radiology, ultrasound, urology, gynecology, and other disciplines, the patient was diagnosed with urogenital sinus malformation, a vaginal calculus, and primary amenorrhea. After full preparation, the patient underwent an operation for extraction of the vaginal calculus, urethroplasty, vaginoplasty, and hysteroscopy. The calculus of the patient was removed and the vagina was returned to its normal anatomy. Patients with urogenital sinus malformation and a huge calculus have complex care requirements and experience a particular state of vulnerability during the diagnostic phase. By establishing good communication with patients and providing proper perioperative nursing, physiological and psychological rehabilitation of these patients can be achieved.
Association of urinary incontinence and depression or anxiety: a meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Shulin , Lin Dong , Hu Tinghui , Cao Liang , Liao Hai , Mou Xiaoxi , Zhang Qiang , Liu Junbo , Wu Tao
Published: June 2020

Objective

We explored the relationship between urinary incontinence (UI) and depression or anxiety.

Methods

We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed for articles on the association between depression, anxiety, and UI. We calculated pooled 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and odds ratios (ORs).

Results

Twelve articles (31,462 participants) were included. The UI group had significantly higher depression and anxiety levels than the non-UI group (OR = 1.73, 95%CI: 1.64–1.82, I2 = 75.5%). In subgroup analysis, depression and anxiety were significantly higher in participants with UI than in those without UI (OR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.82–2.10, I2 = 64.3% and OR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.43–1.65, I2 = 59.2%, respectively).  In subgroup analysis by age, participants with UI had significantly higher depression and anxiety, regardless of age, than the non-UI group (OR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.29–1.95, I2 = 59.1% and OR = 1.98, 95%CI: 1.62–2.43, I2 = 75.5%, respectively).

Conclusion

Patients with UI had significantly higher depression and anxiety levels than those without UI. Depression and anxiety were higher in patients with UI than in those without UI, regardless of age. Larger sample sizes and more high-quality studies are needed to validate our findings.
Seismic Isolation Retrofitting of Typical Multi-Span Steel Girder Bridges in New York State
Authors: Feng Dongming , Zhang Fangyin
Published: June 2020

Many of the existing multi-span simply supported bridges in New York State, U.S., are susceptible to earthquake damage and need to be retrofitted to reduce their seismic risk. In this study, seismic retrofit of a five-span simply supported bridge with typical high-type fixed and expansion steel rocker bearings is conducted. A refined three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of the bridge is developed in ANSYS by considering foundation impedances. Multi-support time history analyses have been implemented in the seismic retrofit design for two levels of ground motions: 1,000- and 2,500-year return period earthquakes. The site-specific ground motions with consideration of the spatial variation are generated based on the geotechnical information. Seismic retrofit by replacing existing steel bearings with lead-rubber bearing (LRB) isolators has been adopted. The parameters of the isolators are determined by considering factors such as the seismic performance and translational resistance during normal service. The vulnerability of structural members and seismic retrofit effectiveness are quantified by the demand-to-capacity (D/C) ratio for the combined demands at the extreme limit state. The analyses show that after seismic isolation retrofit the pervasive vulnerabilities in pier columns and cap beams are eliminated. Comparing with strengthening the vunerable structural members, seismic isolation is proved a cost-effective retrofit solution. The overall seismic isolation design and analysis procedures presented in this study can help guide future seismic retrofit of similar types of bridges.
Gender Matters: The Perceived Role of Gender Expression in Discrimination Against Cisgender and Transgender LGBQ Individuals
Authors: Anderson Steph M.
Published: June 2020

Although violation of gender norms has been discussed as a fundamental component of and underlying foundation for anti-queer discrimination, less research has directly attended to how lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) individuals interpret the role of gender expression in discriminatory experiences. Based upon a racially diverse national sample of 138 cisgender and transgender LGBQ individuals, I discuss results from a content and thematic analysis of discrimination narratives. Findings reveal the centrality of gender expression—how one embodies masculinity and femininity—within participant stories. While gender expression was central to meaning-making among all participants, the type of discrimination experienced and participants’ interpretation of the events depended on whether their gender expression “revealed” or “concealed” their queerness. Race and gender identity also informed participants’ interpretations, underscoring the need for greater attention to how gender norm expectations are racialized and cisnormative. These findings challenge the conceptualization of sexual orientation as an “invisible” identity and the notion of “passing” (i.e., being perceived as straight) as a uniform privilege for some LGBQ individuals. Instead, these results situate the perception of sexual orientation as context-dependent and highlight the need for advocacy efforts that identify and challenge strict gender ideologies, in particular gender binaries.
Maximum Bridging Suture Tension Provides Better Clinical Outcomes in Transosseous-Equivalent Rotator Cuff Repair: A Clinical, Prospective Randomized Comparative Study
Authors: Oh Joo Han , Park Ji Soon , Rhee Sung-Min , Park Joo Hyun
Published: June 2020

Background:

Some studies reporting clinical outcomes after transosseous-equivalent (TOE) repair have attributed type II rotator cuff failure to excessive bridging suture tension, as it can cause overloading on the medial row. In a previous biomechanical cadaveric study, increasing bridging suture tension over 90 N did not improve the contact area and ultimate failure load of the TOE construct, despite increasing the contact force and contact pressure.

Purpose:

To compare the clinical outcomes of different bridging suture tensions after TOE rotator cuff repair based on the results of a previous biomechanical study.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

A total of 78 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for medium- to large-sized tears were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into 2 groups according to the applied bridging suture tension: optimum tension group (96.3 ± 4.9 N) and maximum tension group (199.0 ± 20.3 N). Bridging suture tension was measured with a customized tensiometer, as used in the previous biomechanical study. The functional outcome was measured at the final follow-up (27.4 ± 5.9 months [range, 24-45 months]) using the visual analog scale for pain, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Simple Shoulder Test, and Constant score, and the anatomic outcome was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasonography at least 12 months after surgery.

Results:

Overall, 64 patients (32 in each group) were analyzed. The functional outcomes improved significantly compared with preoperative values (all P < .05) but did not show significant differences between the 2 groups (all P > .05). Regarding the anatomic outcomes, the maximum tension group (n = 1; 3.1%) had a significantly lower healing failure rate than the optimum tension group (n = 9; 28.1%) ( P = .013). One patient in the maximum tension group had a type II failure.

Conclusion:

Maximum bridging suture tension in TOE repair for medium- to large-sized rotator cuff tears provided better anatomic healing with less risk of medial rotator cuff failure, which differs from the results of a previous time-zero biomechanical study.
Nanofiltration applied to the landfill leachate treatment and preliminary cost estimation
Authors: de Almeida Ronei , de Souza Couto Jarina Maria , Gouvea Rosana Mauricio , de Almeida Oroski Fábio , Bila Daniele Maia , Quintaes Bianca Ramalho , Campos Juacyara Carbonelli
Published: June 2020

The leachate treatment by nanofiltration (NF) process has received much attention over the last two decades. Previous studies focused on the investigation of the technical feasibility of NF. However, there are a limited number of works that examined leachate treatment costs. On the other hand, in a landfill management system, the economic component is an imperative factor for the decisions of all operations. Thereby, this work aimed to investigate the technical feasibility and economic parameters involved in a full-scale NF plant for the treatment of leachate previously treated by the physicochemical process. The average quality of the pre-treated leachate was 2258 ± 230 mg L−1 chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 821 ± 86 mg L−1 humic substances (HS). NF was performed using a bench-scale filtration module with commercial polymeric membranes SR100 and NP030. At the end of each filtration, a cleaning protocol was applied to recover the initial membrane permeability. The concentration of recalcitrant compounds, expressed as HS, was reduced to 84 ± 8 mg L−1 in the permeate, and COD complies with the wastewater discharge standards imposed by local legislation. The capital costs for a full-scale NF was estimated at MUS$ 0.772, and specific total cost, treated leachate per volume unit, has been estimated at US$ 8.26 m−3.
Gross profits of Canadian pharmacies: A changing policy regime
Authors: Thanh Nguyen Xuan , Jacobs Philip , Husereau Donald
Published: June 2020

Recently, both the Canadian and provincial governments have instituted policies to reduce manufacturers’ prices for generic ($250 million sales annually) and brand name ($1,300 million sales annually) drugs. Both government groups made estimates of the financial magnitude of changes in drug prices, but neither has estimated the impact on retail pharmacies. We used a Cost-Volume-Profit model combined with operational data collected nationally to estimate the national impact of the pricing policy changes on pharmacy gross profits. Results show the average value of gross profits per pharmacy per year was approximately $440,000. It is estimated that the policy changes will lead to a 6.8% reduction in gross profits. Adding reductions in rebates for generic drugs, the pharmacies’ reductions in gross profits will be 7.2%. In conclusion, policy-makers often ignore how their pricing changes influence the financial position of pharmacies, even though the impact can be substantial.
Workplace Bullying, Emotional Exhaustion, and Partner Social Undermining: A Weekly Diary Study
Authors: Rodríguez-Muñoz Alfredo , Antino Mirko , León-Pérez José M. , Ruiz-Zorrilla Paula
Published: June 2020

Workplace bullying is one of the most relevant social stressors at work. Although previous research has shown its negative consequences for health and well-being, scarce evidence about the short-term consequences of workplace bullying and its crossover effects on the home domain is available. Thus, we conducted a multisource weekly diary study. A sample of 124 employees and their spouses filled a general survey (baseline measures) and a weekly online survey for four consecutive weeks (number of occasions = 992). Multilevel analyses showed that workplace bullying is associated with emotional exhaustion (γ = 0.643, SE = 0.215, t = 2.99, p < .05) and behaviors of social undermining toward the partner (γ = 0.751, SE = 0.187, t = 4.01, p < .01). Furthermore, rumination mediated the relationship between workplace bullying and its potential detrimental consequences for both employees’ well-being (i.e., emotional exhaustion) and interpersonal connections (i.e., partner social undermining). These results shed some light on the mechanisms that can explain both the short-term effects of workplace bullying on employees’ well-being and how such effects go beyond the work setting and can impact the home domain. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Machine Learning (ML) for Tracking Fashion Trends: Documenting the Frequency of the Baseball Cap on Social Media and the Runway
Authors: Getman Rachel Rose , Green Denise Nicole , Bala Kavita , Mall Utkarsh , Rawat Nehal , Appasamy Sonia , Hariharan Bharath
Published: June 2020

With the proliferation of digital photographs and the increasing digitization of historical imagery, fashion studies scholars must consider new methods for interpreting large data sets. Computational methods to analyze visual forms of big data have been underway in the field of computer science through computer vision, where computers are trained to “read” images through a process called machine learning. In this study, fashion historians and computer scientists collaborated to explore the practical potential of this emergent method by examining a trend related to one particular fashion item—the baseball cap—across two big data sets—the Vogue Runway database (2000–2018) and the Matzen et al. Streetstyle-27K data set (2013–2016). We illustrate one implementation of high-level concept recognition to map a fashion trend. Tracking trend frequency helps visualize larger patterns and cultural shifts while creating sociohistorical records of aesthetics, which benefits fashion scholars and industry alike.
Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review
Authors: Sonke Jill , Sams Kelley , Morgan-Daniel Jane , Schaefer Nancy , Pesata Virginia , Golden Tasha , Stuckey Heather
Published: June 2020

Objectives:

Guided by the hypothesis that the arts can play a role in changing attitudes, beliefs, and health behaviors, the objectives of the study were to (1) overview artistic practices, interventions, and research being conducted at the intersection of the arts and health communication and (2) identify desired and observed outcomes and variables measured in these studies.

Data Source:

The search strategy was developed iteratively with 2 health science librarians and conducted using 8 databases (Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, Art and Architecture Source, CINAHL, Communication and Mass Media Complete, ERIC, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science) and hand searching. Articles included were published between 2014 and 2018.

Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria:

Inclusion criteria include US nonclinical setting and use of the arts (broadly defined) to change health knowledge, beliefs, behaviors, or awareness. Any articles not meeting inclusion criteria were excluded.

Data Extraction:

Covidence’s data extraction tool exported to MS Excel.

Data Synthesis:

This final set of results was analyzed and synthesized by research design, population, sample size, health issue, purpose, variables measured, and findings.

Results:

In all, 78 articles met inclusion criteria. Number of participants ranged from 4 to 2140 (mean = 179); 61 (78.2%) outcome studies, including 8 experimental studies; 17 (21.79%) formative research or reports. Many different health topics were addressed and different art forms used.

Conclusion:

The arts can help build knowledge and awareness of health issues. The authors highlight the need to build an evidence base for arts and public health.
A comparative study of the entrepreneurial motivation of undergraduate and graduate students in Japan
Authors: Kanama Daisuke
Published: June 2020

As entrepreneurs and start-ups have become increasingly significant components of world economic growth, Japan has enacted and discussed various policies to spur entrepreneurship. However, scant attention has been paid toward motivating its youth to embrace the entrepreneurial spirit. Therefore, this study focuses on undergraduate and graduate students and investigates their motivations to become entrepreneurs. The study has three findings. First, the entrepreneurial motivation of Japanese students ranks lower than that of students in the USA, China, India, Spain and Belgium. Second, compared to the motivations of students in other countries, Japanese students’ motivations to launch start-up businesses are few in terms of leadership and independence but many in terms of social contribution. Third, Japanese students believe that their lack of business knowledge and competence creates significant risks and barriers to launching start-up businesses. Finally, the paper discusses the impact of culture and barriers on entrepreneurial innovation in Japan compared to other countries.
The Concept modeling method: An approach to optimize the structural dynamics of a vehicle body
Authors: Fard Mohammad , Yao Jianchun , Taube Richard , Davy John Laurence
Published: June 2020

Although the concept modeling method has already been proposed in the literature, there is still very limited knowledge about the validation and the application of this method for vehicle body design. This paper substantially increases this limited knowledge by developing a concept model for predicting and optimizing the structural dynamics of a vehicle body-in-white and validating this concept model against a detailed finite element model. The geometry and parameters of the concept model are extracted from its detailed finite element model. The major members and panels of the detailed finite element model are replaced by their equivalent beam and shell elements models. The joints of the concept model are represented by stiffness and mass matrices extracted from the detailed finite element model using the Guyan Reduction Method. The developed concept model is validated by comparing its structural dynamics, including the resonant frequencies and the vibration mode shapes, with the original detailed finite element model and the experimental results. The simplicity and small size of the concept model enable it to easily enhance the structural dynamics of the body-in-white by optimizing the cross-sections of the load-carrying members of the structure. The optimization in this case increased the resonant frequencies of the body-in-white while reducing the total mass by about 6 kg. The results prove that the concept modeling method can significantly enhance the body-in-white structural dynamics by reducing the complexity of the model and allowing the focus for the optimization to be on the main members of the structure at the development stage when the final design parameters are not well known and have not been fixed.
“Helmets aren’t cool”: Surfers’ perceptions and attitudes towards protective headgear
Authors: Dean Nikolaus A , Bundon Andrea
Published: June 2020

Studies indicate that head injuries account for a significant proportion of all surf-related injuries. Yet, despite these rates, the vast majority of surfers do not wear protective headgear. Noting both the high rate of head-related injuries and surfers’ reluctance to wear protective headgear, this sociological study sought to critically explore surfers’ perceptions and attitudes towards protective headgear, and specifically to explore why so few surfers wear protective headgear. To address these aims, the ethnographic techniques of participant observations and qualitative interviews were used. In total, 12 experienced surfers from the West Coast of Canada were interviewed and over 30 hours of participant observations were collected. The findings illustrate that surfers do not wear protective headgear for four main reasons: (1) due to the idea that protective headgear is uncomfortable and could hinder performance; (2) due to the perception that protective headgear is only for other surfers; (3) based on the belief that surfing is not a high-risk sport; and (4) because of aesthetic reasons and/or the appearance of protective headgear. Using the concepts of subcultural capital and edgework, the study demonstrates how larger socio (sub)cultural factors linked to risk, control, and status influence and underline the surfers’ rationalizations for not wearing protective headgear.
The Other Side of Through: Young Breast Cancer Survivors’ Spectrum of Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs
Authors: Black Kristin Z. , Eng Eugenia , Schaal Jennifer C. , Johnson La-Shell , Nichols Hazel B. , Ellis Katrina R. , Rowley Diane L.
Published: June 2020

The long-term reproductive health impact of cancer treatments is a concern for premenopausal women with a history of breast cancer. This study examined the unmet sexual and reproductive health needs of breast cancer survivors, as well as concordances and discordances in needs by childbearing status and race. We interviewed 17 women diagnosed with breast cancer between the ages of 18 and 45 years and living in North Carolina. To analyze these data, we used the Sort and Sift, Think and Shift© method, a multidimensional qualitative analysis approach. We learned that breast cancer survivors (a) received limited reproductive health information, (b) desired realistic expectations of conceiving postcancer, (c) struggled with adjusting to their altered physical appearance, and (d) had menopause symptoms that led to sexual health and quality of life issues. Breast cancer survivors are in need of and desire more education and resources to address their sexual and reproductive health concerns.
Nothing, Anything, and Everything: Conversations on Postqualitative Methodology
Authors: Bodén Linnea , Gunnarsson Karin
Published: June 2020

In this article, we elaborate on postqualitative methodology by engaging with two questions: What does postqualitative mean? Why is the postqualitative movement important? The engagement with these questions evokes a conversation, which becomes our methodology. The conversation is an assemblage, always multiple and collective. This allows us to acknowledge the messy and hybrid processes of knowledge production, and it forces us to be responsive to moments and movements, while remaining vague and ambivalent. As such, the postqualitative provides us with nothing. Simultaneously, it offers tools to navigate and can turn into anything. Nonetheless, it implies hope and is therefore everything.
Kinaesthesia and a Feeling for Relations
Authors: Smith Roger
Published: June 2020

This article makes a case for connecting knowledge of the sense(s) of self-movement with understanding psychology’s subject matter in terms of relations. It first outlines the history of the sense of movement as a form of awareness and reviews usage of the terms “kinaesthesia,” “proprioception,” and “haptic sense.” It shows that the structure and “feel” of the sense of movement have been thought to be relational, that is, to consist of an active and a passive component, activity–resistance. This article introduces argument that a feeling for reality in sensory experience is bound up with relational processes in movement, putting us “in touch with” the world. The sense of movement has therefore had a significant place in psychology focused on participation in the world, rather than on observation and knowledge of an “external” world. Finally, this article discusses relations of activity–resistance in movement, whether in dance, walking, sport, or in other ways, as relations of forces or powers. The study, in relational language, of powers at work contributes to the existing literature on the sociopolitical understanding of movement practices, particularly with reference to agency. The argument is exemplified by discussion of dance.
Does the line-to-line cementing technique of the femoral stem create an adequate cement mantle?
Authors: Sevaldsen Kirsti , S Husby Otto , B Lian Øystein , S Husby Vigdis
Published: June 2020

Background:

The line-to-line cementing technique is proposed to create a press-fit in the femoral canal, which is contrary to modern cementing techniques. The term ‘French paradox’ has been used to describe the acceptable results associated with this technique. It has been suggested that the quality of the mantle may not be satisfactory, predisposing to early failure and aseptic loosening.

Methods:

The line-to-line cementing technique, where the femoral stem was oversized by 1 size compared to the broach, was compared to the standard cementing technique using corresponding sized broaches and stems, in 6 pairs of human cadaver femora with taper-slip design C-stems. Cement pressure was measured, and cement mantle thickness was analysed. A mixed effects model with random intercepts was used to examine the relationship between thickness of mantle and cementing technique and between pressure and cementing technique.

Results:

Line-to-line cementing results in significantly higher pressurisation for longer periods of time leading to better interdigitation but a thinner mantle in some areas.

Conclusions:

The results of this study describe the in-vitro advantages and disadvantages of the line-to-line cementing technique.
Effects of depth in external and internal corrosion defects on failure pressure predictions of oil and gas pipelines using finite element models
Authors: Capula Colindres Selene , Méndez Gerardo Terán , Velázquez Julio Cesar , Cabrera-Sierra Roman , Angeles-Herrera Daniel
Published: June 2020

This study presents, for the first time, the mechanical behavior of API 5L pipeline steels X42, X52, X60, X70, X80, and X100 with external and internal corrosion defects as well as a combination of both defects that has been named external–internal corrosion defects. The conventional methods to predict failure pressure in corroded pipes, such as B31G, RSTRENG-1, SHELL, DNV-99, PCORRC, and FITNET FFS, have also been discussed in this article. In addition, pipeline failure pressure has been estimated using the finite element method, considering that it is the best approach to calculate actual failure pressure. The external and internal corrosion defect investigated in this research manifests as a rectangular shape with spherical ends at the edges. When the external–internal corrosion defect appears, failure pressure data decrease dramatically because of severe damage. This is due to the decrease in the ligament (effective area) caused by the corrosion defect. To have a good estimation of the pipeline failure pressure with an external–internal corrosion defect, DNV-99 method can be used with acceptable certainty.
Security symptoms
Authors: Meyer Dugan
Published: June 2020

Gentrification is a security project. Though this claim is not new, existing scholarship on contemporary urban (in)security in the Global North, especially in the context of gentrification, has often struggled with a particular problem: how to account for the decidedly ambivalent character of securitization. Familiar frameworks like ‘revanchism’ and ‘fear of crime’ have proven insufficient alone to explain the seemingly paradoxical investment in insecurity that animates the security paradigm. In this article, I consider how psychoanalytic theory might be mobilized for a libidinal geography of urban (in)security, an approach that would focus less on the phantasmagoric referents against which society supposedly needs protection and more on the libidinal investments through which these referents are (re)produced and administered in order to cohere, sustain and naturalize a social and spatial order rooted in dispossession. Drawing on Lacanian articulations of fantasy, drive, jouissance and symptom and applying these concepts to a consideration of contemporary anti-gang policing in the United States, I demonstrate how ambivalence and ontological incoherence function not as evidence of security’s limits but rather as liberal social order’s very condition of possibility.
A discrete-forcing immersed boundary method for turbulent-flow simulations
Authors: Ye Haixuan , Chen Yang , Maki Kevin
Published: June 2020

For numerical simulations of ship hydrodynamics in high Reynolds number, near-wall grids with high quality are essential to accurately predict the flow field and shear stress. This article proposes a discrete-forcing immersed boundary method to simulate moving solid boundaries in turbulent flows. The technique will efficiently remove the requirement of high-quality body-conforming grids and also preserve the grid quality throughout the simulation when body motions are considered. The one-equation Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model is coupled with the immersed boundary method for turbulence closure. A key aspect of this method is to use a wall function to alleviate the near-wall cell-size requirement in high-Reynolds-number flows. In this method, the boundary conditions on the immersed surfaces are enforced without the need of spreading functions, which is favorable for high-Reynolds-number flows. The performance of the method is carefully verified and validated through various problems, including both laminar and turbulent flows for fixed and moving solid surfaces. Subsequently, this method is further examined by predicting the turbulent flows around a model-scaled double-body KVLCC2 tanker. The total resistance and the local wake field are compared with experimental data.
Command and its discontents: Instabilities of institutional anytime algorithms on a Clausewitz landscape
Authors: Wallace Rodrick
Published: June 2020

It has long been understood that the inevitably time-constrained cognitive processes of command on a Clausewitz landscape of uncertainty and imprecision are subject to gross instabilities. Even very experienced, capable, and intelligent command teams lose wars. Using formal approaches from control and information theories, we show how failure to understand and recognize underlying structure and dynamics in organized conflict expresses itself as increased “noise,” eventually triggering strategic collapse, often in a highly punctuated manner
Attitudes of Mothers Regarding Willingness to Enroll Their Children in Research
Authors: Kim Jane Paik , Rostami Maryam , Roberts Laura Weiss
Published: June 2020

This study assessed mothers’ perspectives regarding research involvement by their children, factors that might affect perceptions of research risks, and attitudes regarding willingness to enroll children in research. Participants completed a survey on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Mothers were less inclined to enroll children in research involving procedures posing higher risk (regression coefficient = −0.51). Mothers without mental health issues with children without health issues were more sensitive to risk than mothers without mental health issues with children with health issues (estimated difference = 0.49). Mothers with mental health issues were more willing than mothers without mental health issues to enroll children in research (regression coefficient = −0.90). Among mothers with mental health issues, having a child with a health issue was associated with increased willingness to enroll in research, compared with having children without health issues (estimated difference = 0.65).
Utility of Focus Groups in Retrospective Analysis of Conflict Contexts
Authors: Yaylacı Şule
Published: June 2020

This article addresses the challenges of conducting retrospective qualitative research in conflict contexts, particularly those stemming from the susceptibility of retrospective accounts to present narratives and contextual variations in the experience and interpretations of war. This article shows how focus groups combined with in-depth interviews can be used as a strategy to overcome these challenges. Drawing on empirical examples from research conducted in conflict settings, the article shows how focus groups can be instrumental in culturally anchoring the researcher and accessing the most reliable accounts of the past via unearthing the locally relevant wartime events and war-induced dynamics.
A new perimidine-based fluorescent turn-on chemosensor for selective detection of Cu2+ ions
Authors: Ge Yanning , Zhang Dehua , Zhang Xiaoyan , Liu Yang , Du Longfei , Wang Yingying
Published: June 2020

Two new molecules based on 2-(2-alkoxy-1-naphthyl)-2,3-dihydro-1h-perimidine are synthesized. The binding properties are investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy showing that one of the products (2a) can selectively bind Cu2+ with fluorescence enhancement.
A non-probabilistic time-variant method for structural reliability analysis
Authors: Xin Tengda , Zhao Jiguang , Cui Cunyan , Duan Yongsheng
Published: June 2020

Time-variant reliability problems commonly occur in practical engineering due to the deterioration in material properties, external disturbance and other uncertain factors. Considering the non-probabilistic method can effectively deal with the uncertainties in reliability analysis. Based on the stress–strength interference method and interval method, a time-variant stress–strength interference interval model is established by considering the stress and strength as time-variant intervals. And then, the stress and strength intervals are converted into the normalized intervals to define the non-probabilistic time-variant reliability index [Formula: see text] according to the different relationships between the limit state function and the normalized intervals. The structural state at any time can be described by the non-probabilistic time-variant reliability index [Formula: see text]. In addition, a strength power exponential degradation model is given as an example to clearly verify the non-probabilistic time-variant method, and the analysis results are compared with the interval method, the uniform distribution stress–strength interference method and the normal distribution stress–strength interference method, which confirm that the non-probabilistic time-variant method is feasible and valid to analyze the structural time-variant reliability without the probability density functions of the parameters.
Sensory Environments for Behavioral Health in Dementia: Diffusion of an Environmental Innovation at the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Lorusso Lesa , Park Nam-Kyu , Bosch Sheila , Freytes I. Magaly , Shorr Ronald , Conroy Maureen , Ahrentzen Sherry
Published: June 2020

Objectives:

To evaluate the diffusion of multisensory environments (MSEs) as an innovation at the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and gather feedback regarding staff perceptions of barriers to uptake and effectiveness of MSEs for Veterans with dementia.

Background:

Responding to the need for nonpharmacological behavioral interventions, VHA funded the first MSE for Veterans with dementia in 2010. The room incorporated LED color-changing lights, bubble tubes, vibroacoustic furniture, music, and aromatherapy, and the success of this patient-centered sensory room fueled national rollouts in 2013 and 2015.

Method:

A qualitative interview approach was used. Thirty-two staff members participated from 12 of the 53 sites producing 21 individual interviews and 1 group interview with 11 participants. Results were analyzed by a team of eight researchers using the rapid qualitative inquiry method to identify common themes and major insights.

Results:

Important insights emerged with regard to staff members’ perceptions about the effectiveness of MSE therapy as well as barriers to uptake and suggested strategies for overcoming those barriers (e.g., empowering a champion, developing a clear maintenance plan).

Conclusions:

The findings from this research indicate MSEs are perceived as effective in improving behavior for Veterans with dementia and represent an innovation that has been well-diffused within the VHA, with great potential for future clinical applications.
Locating Power in Platformization: Music Streaming Playlists and Curatorial Power
Authors: Prey Robert
Published: June 2020

Where does the “power” of platformization reside? As is widely recognized, platforms are matchmakers which interface between different markets or “sides.” This article analyzes platform power dynamics through three of the most important markets that Spotify—the leading audio streaming platform—is embedded within: the music market; the advertising market; and the finance market. It does so through the lens of the playlist. Playlists can be seen as a central example of how platforms like Spotify employ curation or “curatorial power” to mediate markets in the attempt to advance their own interests. At the same time, playlists are an outcome of the conflicting pressures and tensions between these markets. As such, they provide a lens through which to view broader structural dynamics within the platform economy. As this case study of Spotify demonstrates, platform “power” is an always unstable and shifting outcome of the ongoing attempt to coordinate between various markets and actors.
Partnerships From the Pews: Promoting Interagency Collaboration With Religious Organizations
Authors: Stewart-Ginsburg Jared H. , Kwiatek Stephen M.
Published: June 2020

Religious organizations often serve as mainstays of communities, especially rural communities with otherwise limited support to promote improved transition outcomes. Yet, religious organizations appear not to be utilized as agencies in transition service partnerships. This article addresses involving religious organizations in the transition process through interagency collaboration by providing strategies, supported by literature, for engaging religious organizations as collaborative partners for community-based instruction and skill development opportunities for students preparing for adult life. Suggestions demonstrate how religious organizations and school systems can have mutually beneficial partnerships.
Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Donor Site Morbidity Following a Graft of the Acellular Dermal Matrix Versus Primary Fascial Repair After ALT Flap Harvesting
Authors: Kim Sun Je , Yang Heesang , Shin Chungmin , Choi Youngwoong , Oh Sang-Ha
Published: June 2020

Background:

The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is one of the most useful flaps in reconstruction because of its reliability, large skin flap territory, and versatility. The relatively small number of side effects is a common reason for preferring this flap. Primary repair is usually performed at the donor site closure; however, this requires substantial tension and causes many donor site morbidities, including pain. We attempted to use acellular dermal matrix graft to overcome these problems.

Methods:

We analyzed a total of 41 cases (41 flaps) in this study. Among these flaps, we conducted donor fascia suture with artificial dermis in 20 cases (study group) and primary fascial suture in 21cases (control group). Post-operative ambulation recovery times, pain scores, drainage removals, and wound problems of the donor site were recorded.

Results:

There were no serious complications, including infection, at the donor sites of all 41 cases. Of 20 cases using the acellular dermal matrix, seroma occurred in 2 cases and partial skin necrosis occurred in 2 cases. In 1 case of skin necrosis, the acellular dermal matrix was removed. However, in comparison to the control group, the group using the artificial dermis recovered ambulatory ability 3.9 days earlier and had a 1.8-point lower visual analogue scale score 5 days post-operatively.

Conclusions:

Our study suggested that, if used selectively, the acellular dermal matrix may play an effective role in donor site closure in cases with procedures involving the ALT flap.
Parents’ Assessment of Disability in Their Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Egholm Guðrun Jákupsdóttir , Bjerknes Margrethe , Illum Niels Ove
Published: June 2020

Aim:

To describe a population of children with Down syndrome and evaluate their parents’ assessment of disability.

Methods:

Medical records of a population of 80 children with Down syndrome aged 5 to 17 years were analyzed for genetic background and associated diagnoses. And 27 parents to their children agreed to assess disability by employing a set of 26 International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health body function (b) codes and activity and participation (d) codes. Clinical data were gathered and analysis of parents’ assessment of disability using psychometric and Rasch analysis was performed.

Results:

Clinical data on 27 children assessed by their parents and 53 children not assessed had identical associated diagnoses. The 26 International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health codes and qualifiers had a mean score of 2.67 (range 1.26-4.11) and corrected code-total correlations mean of 0.55 (range −1.17 to 0.82). Rasch analysis showed proper code MNSQ infit and outfit values with mean 1.03 and 1.06.

Conclusion:

Clinical data on 27 children assessed were similar to 53 children that were not evaluated. Parents’ assessment of the 27 children showed good psychometric and Rasch analysis properties. Similar results might be expected in the total population of 80 children.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with systemic sclerosis treated with methotrexate: A case report and literature review
Authors: Simopoulou Theodora , Tsimourtou Vana , Katsiari Christina , Vlychou Marianna , Bogdanos Dimitrios P , Sakkas Lazaros I
Published: June 2020

Reactivation of viruses occurs in autoimmune disorders in the setting of certain immunosuppressive drugs. We describe a 54-year-old female with systemic sclerosis and extensive cutaneous calcinosis who had been treated with methotrexate for 18 months and presented with headache and neurological deficits. She was diagnosed with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, a rare disease caused by JC virus. Methotrexate was discontinued and mirtazapine plus mefloquine were added. The patient showed a slow recovery and five years later she had complete resolution of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy clinical manifestations. Calcinosis had a limited response to various agents and severely affected daily activities of the patient. This case report, highlights the importance of clinical suspicion for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in every patient with immune-mediated disease, even on weak immunosuppressant, who presents with central nervous system manifestations and also the unmet therapeutic need for systemic sclerosis-associated calcinosis.