bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure S2 from Biologic and Clinical Analysis of Childhood Gamma Delta T-ALL Identifies LMO2/STAG2 Rearrangements as Extremely High Risk
Authors: Kimura Shunsuke , Park Chun Shik , Montefiori Lindsey E. , Iacobucci Ilaria , Pölönen Petri , Gao Qingsong , Arnold Elizabeth D. , Attarbaschi Andishe , Brown Anthony , Buldini Barbara , Caldwell Kenneth J. , Chang Yunchao , Chen Chelsey , Cheng Cheng , Cheng Zhongshan , Choi John , Conter Valentino , Crews Kristine R. , de Groot-Kruseman Hester A. , Deguchi Takao , Eguchi Mariko , Muhle Hannah E. , Elitzur Sarah , Escherich Gabriele , Freeman Burgess B. , Gu Zhaohui , Han Katie , Horibe Keizo , Imamura Toshihiko , Jeha Sima , Kato Motohiro , Chiew Kean H. , Khan Tanya , Kicinski Michal , Köhrer Stefan , Kornblau Steven M. , Kotecha Rishi S. , Li Chi-Kong , Liu Yen-Chun , Locatelli Franco , Luger Selina M. , Paietta Elisabeth M. , Manabe Atsushi , Marquart Hanne V. , Masetti Riccardo , Maybury Mellissa , Mazilier Pauline , Meijerink Jules P.P. , Mitchell Sharnise , Miyamura Takako , Moore Andrew S. , Oshima Koichi , Pawinska-Wasikowska Katarzyna , Pieters Rob , Prater Mollie S. , Pruett-Miller Shondra M. , Pui Ching-Hon , Qu Chunxu , Reiterova Michaela , Reyes Noemi , Roberts Kathryn G. , Rowe Jacob M. , Sato Atsushi , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Schrappe Martin , Shen Shuhong , Skoczeń Szymon , Spinelli Orietta , Stary Jan , Svaton Michael , Takagi Masatoshi , Takita Junko , Tang Yanjing , Teachey David T. , Thomas Paul G. , Tomizawa Daisuke , Trka Jan , Varotto Elena , Vincent Tiffaney L. , Yang Jun J. , Yeoh Allen E.J. , Zhou Yinmei , Zimmermann Martin , Inaba Hiroto , Mullighan Charles G.
Published: October 2024

The gene expression profiles of γδ T-ALL.
Supplementary Figure S2 from CRISPR Dependency Screens in Primary Hematopoietic Stem Cells Identify KDM3B as a Genotype-specific Vulnerability in IDH2- and TET2-mutant Cells
Authors: Waarts Michael R. , Mowla Shoron , Boileau Meaghan , Martinez Benitez Anthony R. , Sango Junya , Bagish Maya , Fernández-Maestre Inés , Shan Yufan , Eisman Shira E. , Park Young C. , Wereski Matthew , Csete Isabelle , O’Connor Kavi , Romero-Vega Angelica C. , Miles Linde A. , Xiao Wenbin , Wu Xiaodi , Koche Richard P. , Armstrong Scott A. , Shih Alan H. , Papapetrou Eirini P. , Butler Jason M. , Cai Sheng F. , Bowman Robert L. , Levine Ross L.
Published: October 2024

Development of CRISPR screens with BMEC/HSPC co-cultures
Supplementary Figure S1 from Health Disparities among Patients with Cancer Who Received Molecular Testing for Biomarker-Directed Therapy
Authors: Heath Elisabeth , Dyson Gregory , Ribeiro Jennifer R. , Xiu Joanne , Poorman Kelsey , Mamdani Hirva , Al-Hallak Mohammed N. , Shields Anthony F. , Elayoubi Jailan A. , Winer Ira S. , Cackowski Frank C. , Puckrein Gary A. , Lopes Gilberto de Lima , Jones Nathaniel , Hauke Ralph J. , Kareff Samuel A. , Radovich Milan , Sledge George W. , Spetzler David B. , Vidal Gregory A. , Marshall John L.
Published: October 2024

Comparison of Caris cohort data with Puckrein dataset
Neurology of Aging: Adapting Neurology Provision for an Aging Population
Authors: Stancu Patrick , Hentsch Lisa , Seeck Margitta , Zekry Dina , Graf Christophe , Fleury Vanessa , Assal Frédéric
Published: October 2024

Background: Over the past few decades, advances in the neurology of aging have been considerable and have led to a better understanding of the science of age-related neurological disorders. Likewise, it changed the perception of classical neurology practice, research, and the way of looking at age-related conditions. Neurological disorders are the most frequent cause of major disability in the elderly and account for almost half of the incapacitation occurring beyond age 65 and more than 90% of serious dependency. However, a number of neurological changes occur also in the absence of a specific disease, making the assessment and management of neurological complaints and findings a specific expertise. Summary: Maximizing success in clinical care of the elderly requires expertise in geriatric neurology, which includes an understanding of current research regarding aging and age-related neurological dysfunctions, and the ability to work with other geriatric healthcare providers. Although current therapies for neurodegenerative diseases mainly offer symptomatic relief without slowing progression, the landscape is evolving. Biomarkers of pathology and neuroimaging have continued to develop, with a significant impact on diagnosis and treatment. These advances have not only helped to improve our knowledge of disease pathophysiology but also disease stages, guiding symptomatic monitoring, and possible therapeutic options at a pre-symptomatic stage. Key Messages: Neurological disorders are a leading cause of major disability and dependency in the elderly, underscoring the need for expertise in geriatric neurology for effective clinical care of this population. Although current therapies for neurodegenerative diseases primarily provide symptomatic relief without slowing disease progression, advancements in biomarkers and neuroimaging are significantly evolving. These advancements enhance our understanding of disease pathophysiology and stages, guiding symptomatic monitoring and potential therapeutic options at a pre-symptomatic stage. As knowledge about age-associated conditions is steadily rising and geriatric medicine gains further recognition, this article argues for a new focus on the role of neurologists in geriatric medicine, emphasizing the importance of integrating current research and collaborative care approaches in the management of elderly patients.
Distribution of Variants and Identification of Novel Variants in Patients with Obesity Using Next-Generation Sequencing in Genes Associated with Obesity: A Single-Center Experience in Turkey
Authors: Anlas Ozlem , Ozalp Ozge , Cetinkunar Suleyman
Published: October 2024

Background: Obesity has become a common public health problem all over the world today. In recent years, studies on the genetic etiology of obesity have gained importance. As a result of these studies, 127 obesity-related loci have been identified. Objectives: The aim of this work was to screen obesity-related genes and review the literature. Methods: In this retrospective study, 41 obesity-related genes were screened in 116 patients by next-generation sequencing. These genes are DYRK1B, LEP, LEPR, MC4R, NR0B2, POMC, UCP3, ADRB2, ADRB3, AGRP, MC3R, NTRK2, PCSK1, SIM1, CARTPT, ENPP1, PPARG, PPARGC1B, PYY, SDC3, UCP1, ADIPOQ, PBEF (NAMP), ADN (CFD), RETN, PGC1 (PPARGC1A), CCK, NPY, GLUT4 (SLC2A4), ADD1, SREBP1 (SREBF1), PTP1B (PTPN1), IRS-1, GHRL, BDNF, NEGR1, SH2B1, GIPR, TMEM18, FTO, and SLC22A1. Results: Seventy-six of our patients were female, and 40 were male. As a result, 43 variants were detected in 39 (34.4%) patients. Of these, GHRL c.152G>A, MC4R c.496G>A, SH2B1 c.2083G>A, GIPR c.548G>A, ADIPOQ c.268G>A, and BDNF c.5C>T variants have been previously reported in the literature. In addition to the aforementioned variants, there are 37 novel variants that have not been previously reported. Among these, we classified the UCP3 c.126 + 1G>T variant as “Pathogenic” according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria. Four of 37 novel variants, respectively, ADRB2 c.1160_1163delTTGT (p.Phe387Trp*55), MC4R c.895C>T (p.Pro299Ser), POMC c.304C>T (p.Gln102*), and NR0B2 c.265C>T (p.Gln89*), were classified as “Likely Pathogenic.” A total of 32 novel variants among 37 novel variants were categorized as variants of uncertain significance. Conclusions: Understanding the genetics of obesity is an essential step toward treating and preventing this disease, which has become a global health problem. With this study, we wanted to contribute to the literature by reporting previously reported and novel variants we detected in our patients with obesity.
A Rare Case of Capnocytophaga canimorsus Meningitis in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Successful Outcome with a Short Course of Antibiotics
Authors: van der Hoeven Adrienne Elisabeth , Kerremans Josephus Johannes , Lagrand Tjerk Joppe
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a Gram-negative bacterium found in the oral flora of dogs and cats, transmitted to humans through bites, licks, or scratches. Infections can lead to severe manifestations, including meningitis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Case Presentation: A 46-year-old immunocompetent man presented with somnolence, headache, and fever after being licked by his dog. Neurological examination revealed signs of meningeal irritation, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed an elevated white cell count and protein levels consistent with bacterial meningitis. Treatment followed Dutch guidelines with amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, and dexamethasone, resulting in rapid clinical improvement. Microbiological confirmation of C. canimorsus followed later. The patient was treated with antibiotics for the duration of 1 week and remained symptom-free after being discharged. Conclusion: C. canimorsus meningitis, although rare, poses diagnostic challenges due to its variable presentation and slow growth in culture. Empirical therapy guided by susceptibility testing contributes to favorable outcomes. This case underscores the importance of considering a C. canimorsus infection in patients with animal exposure and of taking diagnostic findings, precedent, and clinical response into account when determining the treatment duration.
A Systematic Search and Review of Registered Pharmacological Therapies Investigated to Improve Outcomes after a Stroke
Authors: Lee Tsong-Hai , Uchiyama Shinichiro , Kusuma Yohanna , Chiu Hou Chang , Navarro Jose C. , Tan Kay Sin , Pandian Jeyaraj Durai , Guo Liang , Wong Yoko , Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy ,   for the Asian Stroke Advisory Panel
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Stroke burden is largely due to long-term impairments requiring prolonged care and loss of productivity. We aim to identify and assess studies of different registered pharmacological therapies as treatments for improving post-stroke impairments and/or disabilities. Methods: In a systematic search and review (PROSPERO registration: CRD42022376973), studies of treatments that have been investigated as recovery-enhancing or recovery-promoting treatments in adult patients who had suffered a stroke will be searched for, screened, and reviewed based on the following: participants (P): adult humans, aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with stroke; interventions (I): registered or marketed pharmacological therapies that have been investigated as recovery-enhancing or recovery-promoting treatments in stroke; comparators (C): active or placebo or no comparator; outcomes (O): stroke-related neurological impairments and functional/disability assessments. Data will be extracted from included papers, including patient demographics, study methods, keystroke inclusion criteria, details of intervention and control, and the reported outcomes. Result: “The best available studies” based on study design, study size, and/or date of publication for different therapies and stroke subtypes will be selected and graded for level of evidence by consensus. Conclusion: There are conflicting study results of pharmacological interventions after an acute stroke to enhance recovery. This systematic search and review will identify the best evidence and knowledge gaps in the pharmacological treatment of post-stroke patients as well as guide clinical decision-making and planning of future studies.
Strategies for Equitable Recruitment to Engage Underrepresented Youth and Their Families into Clinical Research: Findings from the BEAD-T1D Pilot Study
Authors: Medina Peñaranda Ricardo , Figg Lauren E. , Hanes Sarah J. , Shaw Gary M. , Chamberlain Lisa J. , Raymond Jennifer , Naranjo Diana , Maahs David M. , Hood Korey K. , Addala Ananta
Published: October 2024

Introduction: To address disparities in clinical research, we present strategies to optimize recruitment of underrepresented families into the Building the Evidence to Address Disparities in Type 1 Diabetes (BEAD-T1D) study. Methods: A bilingual/bicultural Latino research assistant (RA) was hired to facilitate culturally congruent recruitment for pediatric type 1 diabetes families. The RA screened, approached, and consented families using their preferred language, time of contact, and answered personal concerns around research. Families were given the option to consent during outpatient clinic visits (in-person, or virtually via video/phone call) at a pace set by the parent/guardian to ensure understanding. Results: Sixty-four families (Hispanic-65%, Non-Hispanic White [NHW]-17%, Non-Hispanic Black-1%, and Other-4%) were eligible. Of 49 approached, 32 consented (39 ± 7.9 years; female-81%; Hispanic-72%, NHW-28%, <50K income-69%, Spanish-speaking-50%). Clinic approaches were important to successful consent: 87% of the clinic approaches resulted in consent. Barriers to clinic approaches for RA included late/no response from clinicians, care team ending visit, and bandwidth/connectivity issues. Facilitators to clinic approaches included collaborative clinic care teams, flexible RA hours, and patient screening days in advance. We exceeded our recruitment goals for surveys (31/30), focus groups/interviews (26/20), and advisory board (22/10). Conclusions: We identified that culturally and linguistically congruent staff, flexible recruitment practices, and prioritizing participant availability were solutions to recruit a diverse study cohort resulting exceeding recruitment goals. Cultural interpersonal relationships formed with families addressed barriers to research participation within and outside of the medical system. These strategies suggest equitable clinical trial recruitment is feasible in diabetes research.
The third instar larva of Eunanus valmorbidai Ferreira, Grossi and Seidel, 2024 with notes on Geniatini larvae (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae)
Authors: Fuhrmann Juares , Sousa Rafael , Grossi Paschoal Coelho , Cherman Mariana Alejandra
Published: October 2024

The present study describes and illustrates the third instar larva of Eunanus valmorbidai Ferreira, Grossi & Seidel, 2024 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) based on specimens collected on South Brazil. A key to third instar larvae of Geniatini is provided, and the taxonomy of Geniatini immatures is discussed.
DETERMINANTS OF INFLATION IN TURKEY AMID ECONOMIC AND GEOPOLITICAL TURMOIL
Authors: Yürük Burcu , Akgül Ali
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate the factors influencing inflation in Turkey between 2006:1-2023:11, taking into account the structural changes that occurred during periods of significant economic, political and geopolitical turmoils. For this purpose, we employ the Hacker and Hatemi-J (2006) bootstrap causality test along with the Fourier Toda-Yamamoto bootstrap causality to capture structural changes. Our findings indicate that when structural changes are taken into account, the drivers of inflation are monetary factors such as the money supply and exchange rate. Furthermore, an exogenous factor such as the oil prices is not a determinant of inflation, suggesting that inflation is a domestic factor. Given these findings, the study emphasizes the importance of strong and stable monetary policies in Turkey to control inflation and achieve price stability.
Ethnographies of Unimagined Possibilities: Toward a Conversational Paradigm for Human-Centered Design Research
Authors: Celikoglu Ozge Merzali , Krippendorff Klaus
Published: October 2024

Relying on Krippendorff's description of “authentic conversation” we describe the ethnography of unimagined possibilities in the intersection of ethnography and human-centered design research. Possibilities are what inspire human-centered designers to create products, practices, and services that could satisfy currently unimagined yet real needs and desires. Although possibilities are not observable as such, they can be constructed in conversations of designers and other stakeholders. Hence, they can become extensions of real situations that are co-constructed as new realities.
A default mode network subsystem supports both item and associative word encoding: Insights from a meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Hongkeun
Published: October 2024

Recent meta-analytic evidence has underscored the significant role of the default mode network (DMN) in facilitating item word encoding. This study builds on this finding through a comprehensive meta-analysis of fMRI-based subsequent memory studies that use words as stimuli. The results highlight several key functions within the DMN. Firstly, the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) subsystem of the DMN plays a pivotal role in enhancing successful word encoding, suggesting its vital involvement in the semantic processing of incoming verbal information. Secondly, the utility of the dmPFC subsystem extends beyond item word encoding to associative word encoding tasks, demonstrating its broad applicability in verbal information encoding. Thirdly, regions within the left inferior frontal cortex, a core component of the dmPFC subsystem, show increased activity during associative compared to item word encoding, emphasizing their role in integrating verbal information with contextual details. Contrary to previous research that linked the DMN with encoding interference—often attributed to the core subsystem’s tendency for mind-wandering—this study highlights the facilitative role of the dmPFC subsystem in memory encoding. The contrasting roles of the DMN subsystems, both interfering and facilitating, challenge traditional views and advocate for a more nuanced understanding of the network’s role in memory encoding.
Cerebral artery and brain pathology correlates of antemortem cerebral artery 4D flow MRI
Authors: Schroeder Brooke E. , Rivera-Rivera Leonardo A. , Barger Madeleine R. , de Chavez Elena Ruiz , Ospina-Romero Monica , Langhough Rebecca E. , Teague Jordan P. , Carey Finnuella J. , Asthana Sanjay , Johnson Sterling C. , Johnson Kevin M. , Eisenmenger Laura , Wieben Oliver , Salamat M. Shahriar , Betthauser Tobey J.
Published: October 2024

Large-scale clinical research studies often incorporate neuroimaging biomarkers to understand underlying pathologic changes that occur in aging and neurodegenerative disease and are associated with cognitive decline and clinical impairment. Of particular interest are neuroimaging methods designed to understand various aspects of cerebrovascular disease that can lead to dementia and also co-occur with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Neurovascular 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging is one such method that measures hemodynamic characteristics of medium-large cerebral vessels, but it remains unclear how measures derived from 4D flow imaging including pulsatility index, cerebral blood flow, and cross-sectional area relate to underlying pathologic changes in cerebral arteries and downstream cerebrovascular pathology. For example, pulsatility index is thought to be a marker of vessel compliance, which may be due to fibrotic and/or atherosclerotic changes. This observational study investigates imaging-pathologic correlates of cerebral artery 4D flow MRI in 20 initial brain donors (mean (SD) age at death 78.2 (10.3) years; 3.2 (1.4) years from MRI to autopsy) from the Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center who underwent antemortem imaging and postmortem assessment of cerebral artery and brain pathology to identify possible pathologic correlates of 4D flow MRI. Our results suggest that 4D flow MRI measures recapitulate expected hemodynamic and structural relationships across cerebral arteries, but also that measures like MRI cross-sectional area may reflect arterial fibrosis whereas mean blood flow may indicate downstream cerebrovascular disease, including white matter rarefaction and arteriolosclerosis. In contrast, associations were minimal with pulsatility index and cerebral artery or brain pathology across participants but were moderate across arterial segments. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate pathologic correlates of antemortem 4D flow MRI in cerebral arteries. These results provide preliminary insights regarding the pathologic processes contributing to cerebral artery hemodynamics measured with 4D flow MRI that will help inform interpretation of large-scale clinical aging and dementia studies utilizing this method. Future work with larger samples is needed to confirm these findings.
Archaeologies and Organologies: Toward an Alternative History of Early Synthetic Video and Image Processing Practices, 1939–1969
Authors: King Chris Jan
Published: October 2024

This article focuses on the early history of two related techniques used within artistic contexts: distorting preexisting television raster images and generating synthetic images through the application of external signals to cathode-ray tube deflection systems. Organology and media archaeological techniques are used to begin to trace an additional technical history of these complex visual instruments.
As Freely as Picasso: Nam June Paik, WGBH-TV, and the Video Synthesizer
Authors: Koh Helen
Published: October 2024

During an artist’s residency at WGBH-TV, Nam June Paik invented a new method of image production that created complex feedback, brilliant color, and nonstop mixing from multiple sources. The Paik-Abe Video Synthesizer allowed him to distort images and produce electronic disturbances that transformed the language, content, and geopolitics of television. This article highlights Paik’s transnationalism and the centrality of collaboration in his video projects.
Gamma frequency connectivity in frontostriatal networks associated with social preference is reduced with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Salimi Morteza , Tang Tianzhi , Nazari Milad , Mishra Jyoti , Afshar Houtan Totonchi , Koloski Miranda Francoeur , Ramanathan Dhakshin S.
Published: October 2024

Among the myriad of complications associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), impairments in social behaviors and cognition have emerged as a significant area of concern. Animal models of social behavior are necessary to explore the underlying brain mechanisms contributing to chronic social impairments following brain injury. Here, we utilize large-scale brain recordings of local field potentials to identify neural signatures linked with social preference deficits following frontal brain injury. We used a controlled cortical impact model of TBI to create a severe bilateral injury centered on the prefrontal cortex. Behavior (social preference and locomotion) and brain activity (power and coherence) during a three-chamber social preference task were compared between sham and injured animals. Sham rats preferred to spend time with a social conspecific over an inanimate object. An analysis of local field oscillations showed that social preference was associated with a significant increase in coherence in gamma frequency band across widespread brain regions in these animals. Animals with a frontal TBI showed a significant reduction in this social preference, visiting an inanimate object more frequently and for more time. Reflecting these changes in social behavior, these animals also showed a significant reduction in gamma frequency (25–60 Hz) coherence associated with social preference.
Thalamocortical interactions reflecting the intensity of flicker light–induced visual hallucinatory phenomena
Authors: Amaya Ioanna A. , Nierhaus Till , Schmidt Timo T.
Published: October 2024

Aberrant thalamocortical connectivity occurs together with visual hallucinations in various pathologies and drug-induced states, highlighting the need to better understand how thalamocortical interactions may contribute to hallucinatory phenomena. Flicker light stimulation (FLS) at 10-Hz reliably and selectively induces transient visual hallucinations in healthy participants. Arrhythmic flicker elicits fewer hallucinatory effects while delivering equal amounts of visual stimulation, together facilitating a well-controlled experimental setup to investigate the neural correlates of visual hallucinations driven by flicker rhythmicity. Using rhythmic and arrhythmic FLS during fMRI scanning, we found that rhythmic FLS elicited stronger activation in higher order visual cortices compared with arrhythmic control. Consistently, we found that rhythmic flicker selectively increased connectivity between ventroanterior thalamic nuclei and higher order visual cortices, which was also positively associated with the subjective intensity of visual hallucinatory effects. As these thalamic and cortical areas do not receive primary visual inputs, it suggests that the thalamocortical connectivity changes relate to a higher order function of the thalamus, such as in the coordination of cortical activity. In sum, we present novel evidence for the role of specific thalamocortical interactions with ventroanterior nuclei within visual hallucinatory experiences. Importantly, this can inform future clinical research into the mechanistic underpinnings of pathologic hallucinations.
Promoting a Positive Shared Future through Transnational Chinese in Thailand: a Case Study of a Self-Styled Sino-Thai Folk Diplomat
Authors: Lee Kian Cheng
Published: October 2024

This research report argues that the promotion of a positive shared future for all humanity can be accomplished through dual-embedded transnational People’s Republic of China (PRC) Chinese social actors who are self-styled Sino-Thai folk diplomats making multiple contributions in countries both of origin and of residence. Conceptually, this research report remedies unilateral state-centric diplomacy, scarcity of intra-Asian Chinese migrant studies, the limited scope of non-state actors, dichotomous categorization of transnational Chinese, and an over-emphasis on exhibitive and pretentious unilateral exports in Chinese foreign policy. Through the research-based case study of a transnational Chinese residing in Bangkok, Thailand, this research report exemplifies the multiple folk contributions to both Thailand and China. As policy considerations, this research report proffers: (1) avoiding the generalization of Chinese transnationals in Southeast Asia; (2) appreciating the growing realm of social actors and their contributions; and (3) applying a sophisticated developmental perspective to domestic governance. Against rising protectionism, xenophobia, and precarious global challenges, this research report advocates a positive shared future for all humanity through the lens of Sino-Thai folk diplomacy.
Amid the Alien Corn: Capitalism and Animal Life
Authors: Soper Kate
Published: October 2024

This essay considers the multiple, and often conflicting, ways in which capitalism may be said to have impacted on animal experience. Capitalism has intensified a perennial division in human culture between instrumental and affective responses to animals. In their engagement with animals, left and Marxist critics of capitalism have either ignored animals or argued for naturalist and anti-humanist positions of a kind carried over into the contemporary post-humanist paradigm, with its emphasis on human-animal affinities and continuities. I, by contrast, put the case for grounding a more animal-friendly eco-politics in recognition of what is distinctive to human beings, both as agents of environmental crisis and as alone in a position to take action to counter it. In the process, I point to some ways to improve the experience of animals in a post-capitalist society and consider the problems they might encounter.
Rifaʿa al-Tahtawi’s Mirror for Mehmed ʿAli: Reconsidering the Genre of Takhlis al-ibriz
Authors: Muench Nicholas X.
Published: October 2024

This article demonstrates the importance of genre to the study of comparative political theory by re-evaluating the genre of Rifaʿa al-Tahtawi’s Takhlis al-ibriz fi talkhis bariz. While the text is typically read as travel literature (in Arabic, a riḥla), I argue that it incorporates elements of advice literature (naṣīḥa). Approaching the text with its hybrid riḥla-naṣīḥa form in mind draws out the normative and political argument. Al-Tahtawi does not solely aim to describe the marvels and oddities that he saw in Paris but rather to actively advise Mehmed ʿAli, governor of Egypt to adopt and make use of the French scientific, technological, and political ideas that he observes. By framing the knowledge that he finds in France as naṣīḥa, al-Tahtawi blends the foreign with the indigenous, presenting foreign ideas in a traditional, indigenous genre of political advice to highlight their compatibility and continuity with Islamic political ideals.
Regionalization, Decomposition, and Information Mining for Precipitation: A Novel Framework Based on Multivariate SOM Clustering and Multiscale Features
Authors: Wu Xianghua , Jin Xinru , Li Yashao , Yu Xiaohong , Feng Qiujuan , Ren Miaomiao , Wang Weiwei
Published: October 2024

Precipitation regionalization, serving as a foundation for extrapolating information from gauged to ungauged sites, contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the spatial distribution of precipitation. However, existing studies have focused mainly on precipitation, neglecting the influence of climate background and meteorological circulation. Moreover, there is a lack of specialized analysis of regionalization results. This study proposes a novel approach to precipitation regionalization that considers covariates in the circulation field and periodic features. The method utilizes Barnett–Preisendorfer canonical correlation analysis coupled with principal component analysis (BPCCA) to select covariates and multivariate self-organizing map (SOM) clustering for preliminary regionalization. Wavelet decomposition is further used for regional feature analysis. The methodology is empirically applied to analyze summer precipitation in Shanxi Province, identifying homogeneous regions characterized by diverse spatiotemporal distributions. The results successfully identified 12 distinct regions of precipitation, effectively capturing the influence of topographic and atmospheric factors. According to the periodic and trend characteristics of each region at different time scales, we merged the division results on the three frequencies and six regions were ultimately differentiated. Specifically, a decreasing trend was observed in the southern and southeastern parts of Shanxi, as well as in the western part of the Lüliang Mountains. They had a significant 4-yr period mode, and the decreasing trend was more significant in the southern region. In contrast, northern Shanxi showed no trend and a significant 8-yr period mode. This proposed method presents an effective strategy for enhancing precipitation regionalization and extracting valuable information from the circulation field and multiple frequencies.
Building Partner Capacity: US Aid to Security Sector Actors
Authors: Sullivan Patricia , Alvarez Giovanny Rincon , Marx Nathan
Published: October 2024

This article introduces the US Aid to Security Sector Actors (USASSA) dataset, the product of a collaboration between academic researchers and the nonprofit Security Assistance Monitor. In addition to providing the most comprehensive source of data on US security assistance, the USASSA dataset transforms detailed information about how security assistance funds are spent into aid and recipient typologies that can be used to conduct more sophisticated analyses of how this foreign policy tool is employed, its utility, and its limitations. Our data clearly show not only the magnitude and geographic reach of US security assistance, but also its diversity. While some security assisance is akin to humanitarian aid, other types of assistance blur the line between foreign aid and proxy warfare. We demonstrate the utility of the dataset with an exploration of whether the effects of US security assistance on human rights violations and domestic terrorism vary across types of aid.
Parricide and homicide NGRI offenders: How do they differ?
Authors: Markopoulou Maria , Chatzinikolaou Fotios , Avramidis Athanasios , Karakasi Maria-Valeria , Tasios Konstantinos , Vlachvei Christina , Pavlidis Pavlos , Douzenis Athanasios
Published: October 2024

The aim of the present study was to provide a forensic psychiatric characterization of perpetrators of parricide who were found not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI). We conducted a study involving 52 NGRI patients who had committed homicide or attempted homicide within the Department of Forensic Psychiatry in Thessaloniki, Greece, between January 2015 and 2020. Subjects were categorized into two groups: parricide ( n = 21) and a control group ( n = 31). Our findings revealed that in the parricide group, the majority of patients were unmarried males in their thirties, with a history of prior contact with mental health services and nonadherence to treatment. Additionally, they had a background of substance abuse and exhibited violent behavior before the index crime. A notable trend observed among parricide offenders was the tendency to seek hospitalization, possibly as a means of distancing themselves from stressful family environments, based on information obtained in the interviews conducted as a part of this research. All instances of parricide involved the use of sharp weapons, and the crimes were consistently committed in private settings. Symptomatology among parricide patients was assessed as moderate to severe, with a significant long-term risk observed following the crime. The primary differences identified between the two groups were the higher pre-crime voluntary admissions and the elevated estimated postcrime risk observed in the parricide group. Early intervention, comprehensive assessment of risk factors, family support, and assistance in resolving conflicts and reintegrating patients into society are emphasized as critical interventions that can potentially prevent future tragedies.
Integer and fractional-order model matching controller design algorithm with generalized reference model formulation for nonlinear time delay servo and regulatory problems: A real-time validation
Authors: Muthukumari S , Kanagalakshmi S , Sunil Kumar TK
Published: October 2024

This article proposes a frequency domain-based approximate generalized time moment (AGTM)/approximate generalized Markov parameter (AGMP) matching approach to design integer and fractional-order controllers for servo and regulatory problems. Appropriate reference model selection, which is crucial in the model matching controller design method, is overcome by developing a novel generalized reference model formulation procedure that is applicable to servo and regulatory problems. The reference model formulation procedure is based on a linear quadratic regulator with an integral controller with the objective of infusing the desired performance requirements. AGTM/AGMP matching-based controller design approach is a two-stage process capable of handling time delay and saturation nonlinearity. In the first stage, the closed-loop system is equated with the reference model, which results in a synthesis equation for higher-order controller. In the second stage, a lower-order controller is designed based on the approximate matching of the lower-order controller with its higher-order counterpart at a set of real/complex/imaginary numbered expansion points in the s-plane. The competence of the proposed approach is explored by conducting simulations in both open-loop stable and unstable systems taken from the literature. Finally, experimental validation is performed on a real-time conical tank system for water level control and low-frequency oscillation damping in the Heffron–Phillips model, leveraging the Texas Instruments TMDSDOCK28379D experimenter kit to demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed approach.
‘Asking for a friend’: Mediation needs in Israeli social media conversations on benefits and rights
Authors: Elek-BenMoshe Frida , Rafaeli Sheizaf
Published: October 2024

Benefits and rights are integral to modern citizenship in modern society, and information is essential to their utilisation (take-up) process. Such information is often unclear and difficult to find and understand, thus requiring mediation. Who requires mediation, and under what circumstances? Does the right type matter? This study addresses these questions by computerised and manual analysis of 69,696 Israeli social media conversation segments about 29 issues. According to the results, some people need mediation to get information about benefits and rights, regardless of the right type or circumstance they face. We also developed a computerised way to identify the need for mediation in a social media conversation. Future research is needed to deepen understanding of what plays a more significant role in mediation needs – the right type, life circumstances or other factors.
Why knowledge management strategy implementation fails—and how to avoid it
Authors: Sayyadi Mostafa , Provitera Michael J
Published: October 2024

In the wake of the worst pandemic since the turn of the century, knowledge management strategy implementation has developed into a worldwide phenomenon. The tumultuous post-pandemic is a survival ground as concerts, Broadway plays, restaurants, and organizations open for business. We wondered if the effective implementation of this strategy is a precursor for the post-pandemic recovery for businesses. We answer, Yes! Because a few decades ago, various prominent scholars shed light on the crucial role of knowledge management strategy. Now, business success also requires that organizations determine knowledge management strategy implementation initiatives required so that they as a whole more effectively manage themselves. But a critical question still remains: how can companies avoid the main errors of knowledge management strategy implementation? Your answer is your own personal journey, but we share the results of our over 10 years of knowledge management consulting experiences to design a better workplace for knowledge management strategy implementation that is not the same as in the past. This article is to help business leaders avoid the main four errors to more effectively implement a knowledge management strategy to efficiently deploy organizational capabilities and better manage organizational knowledge, aiming at increasing and building rapport with the business environment, inspiring employees, and increasing their satisfaction with their careers so that they can become engaged and productive. These errors were found in our knowledge management strategy consulting experience in Australia, the UK, and Japan. Business leaders can make knowledge management strategy implementation more effective by avoiding these errors.
Effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment associated with transcranial direct current stimulation in individuals with chronic low back pain: A double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Armbrust Danilo , Arêas Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco , Fonseca Carlos Luques , Arêas Fernando Zanela da Silva , Duarte Natália de Almeida Carvalho , Santana Silvia Ataíde Alves , Dumont Arislander Jonathan Lopes , Neto Hugo Pasin , Oliveira Claudia Santos
Published: October 2024

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) associated with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in reducing pain, disability, and improving quality of life in participants with non-specific chronic low back pain.

Design

A randomised double-blind clinical trial.

Setting

Clinical outpatient unit.

Subjects

72 participants with non-specific chronic low back pain were randomised into three groups: active tDCS + OMT ( n = 24), sham tDCS + sham OMT ( n = 24), and sham tDCS + OMT ( n = 24).

Interventions

Evaluations were performed before, after the intervention, and one month post-intervention. tDCS consisted of ten 20-minute sessions over two weeks (five sessions per week). OMT was administered once per week, with two sessions conducted before the first and sixth tDCS sessions.

Main measures

Pain, disability, and quality of life were assessed at baseline, after two weeks, and at one month of follow-up.

Results

The visual analogue scale showed a significant decrease in all groups ( p < 0.001). However, tDCS + OMT and sham tDCS + OMT demonstrated a clinically significant reduction compared to the sham combination (effect size n² = 0.315). Roland-Morris scores decreased across all groups without specific group effects. EuroQoL 5-Dimension 3-Level improvement was observed only in the tDCS + OMT and sham tDCS + OMT groups (significant difference between T2 and T0, p = 0.002).

Conclusion

The combination of OMT and tDCS did not provide clinically significant improvement over OMT alone in participants with non-specific chronic low back pain.
Amygdala activity after subchronic escitalopram administration in healthy volunteers: A pharmaco-functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Lukow Paulina B , Lowther Millie , Pike Alexandra C , Yamamori Yumeya , Chavanne Alice V , Gormley Siobhan , Aylward Jessica , McCloud Tayla , Goble Talya , Rodriguez-Sanchez Julia , Tuominen Ella W , Buehler Sarah K , Kirk Peter , Robinson Oliver J
Published: October 2024

Background:

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are used for the treatment of several conditions including anxiety disorders, but the basic neurobiology of serotonin function remains unclear. The amygdala and prefrontal cortex are strongly innervated by serotonergic projections and have been suggested to play an important role in anxiety expression. However, serotonergic function in behaviour and SSRI-mediated neurobiological changes remain incompletely understood.

Aims:

To investigate the neural correlates of subchronic antidepressant administration.

Methods:

We investigated whether the 2- to 3-week administration of a highly selective SSRI (escitalopram) would alter brain activation on a task robustly shown to recruit the bilateral amygdala and frontal cortices in a large healthy volunteer sample. Participants performed the task during a functional magnetic resonance imaging acquisition before ( n = 96) and after subchronic escitalopram ( n = 46, days of administration mean (SD) = 15.7 (2.70)) or placebo ( n = 40 days of administration mean (SD) = 16.2 (2.90)) self-administration.

Results:

Compared to placebo, we found an elevation in right amygdala activation to the task after escitalopram administration without significant changes in mood. This effect was not seen in the left amygdala, the dorsomedial region of interest, the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex or the right fusiform area. There were no significant changes in connectivity between the dorsomedial cortex and amygdala or the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex after escitalopram administration.

Conclusions:

To date, this most highly powered study of subchronic SSRI administration indicates that, contrary to effects often seen in patients with anxiety disorders, subchronic SSRI treatment may increase amygdala activation in healthy controls. This finding highlights important gaps in our understanding of the functional role of serotonin.
Towards state entrepreneurialism? Exploring heritage-led governance and urban (re)development practices in Xi’an, China
Authors: Zhao Yiqing , Wu Sirui , Li Ji
Published: October 2024

This article examines the governance transition process from urban entrepreneurialism to state entrepreneurialism in China’s heritage-led (re)development. By spotlighting the entrepreneurial toolkits employed by local officials to achieve land value appreciation through the commodification of heritage space in Xi’an’s Qujiang Development Model, it argues that the local government has adopted entrepreneurial strategies by integrating state politics through the financial instruments of local government financial vehicles. Its motivation goes beyond promoting growth to maintaining state power through adopting governance innovations, leveraging fission and demonstration effects, facilitating the coexistence of heritage making and authentic heritage under scaling, and employing selective interpretation of history.
Effects of human amniotic membrane on the angiogenesis and healing of ischemic wounds in a rat model
Authors: Sato Masato , Tokodai Kazuaki , Okada Kaoru , Ogasawara Hiroyuki , Tanaka Miyako , Hoshiai Tetsuro , Saito Masatoshi , Sugawara Hirofumi , Akamatsu Daijirou , Unno Michiaki , Goto Masafumi , Kamei Takashi
Published: October 2024

Although the human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been demonstrated to promote angiogenesis, its efficacy in healing ischemic wounds remains unknown. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the potential of hAM as a dressing for treating ischemic wounds. The inferior abdominal wall arteries and veins of male rats were divided, and an ischemic wound was created on each side of the abdominal wall. Of the two ischemic wounds created, only one was covered with hAM, and its wound healing effect was determined by measuring the wound area. Angiogenesis was assessed by measuring microvessel density (MVD). On day 5, the mean wound area changed from 400 mm2 to 335.4 (260–450) mm2 in the hAM group and to 459 (306–570) mm2 in the control group ( p = 0.0051). MVD was 19.0 (10.4–24.6) in the hAM group and 15.1 (10.6–20.8) in the control group ( p = 0.0026). No significant differences in local pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels were observed between the two groups. Histological examination revealed no rejection of the transplanted hAM. Therefore, the hAM may serve as a novel wound dressing that can promote angiogenesis and healing in ischemic wounds.
Lesbians’ Descriptions of the Actions that Led to Their Arrests and Court-Orders to Antiviolence Intervention: Practice, Advocacy, and Research Considerations
Authors: Larance Lisa Young , Miller Susan L.
Published: October 2024

Much of the focus of the feminist antiviolence movement has been directed toward the experiences of cisgender heterosexual people and their criminal legal system (CLS) contact. Less is known about the experiences of racially marginalized cisgender lesbians who have had CLS contact due to their use of force or alleged use of force. Addressing this gap in the literature, this study focuses on the written reports of 14 cisgender lesbians, 10 of whom are women of color. Their self-reports documented during court-ordered antiviolence intervention intake assessments following their arrests and convictions provide first-person accounts of why the women perpetrated harm against their intimate partners. Using thematic analysis, the authors inductively and deductively analyzed the women's descriptions for exploratory themes. Centering the women's words and experiences through the resulting themes, the authors encourage a critical analysis of cis heteronormative institutional practices that pose barriers to cisgender lesbians receiving holistic support while navigating intimate partner violence and abuse. Considerations for feminist social work practice, advocacy, and research are discussed.