bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Livelihood Diversification among Households in the Sub-Saharan Town of Merawi, Ethiopia
Authors: Admasu Tesfahun T. , Damtie Yilebes A. , Taye Mintesinot A.
Published: March 2022

Livelihood diversification could be determined by complex and diversified factors. Yet, unlike the rural areas, the situation is unexplored in the case of towns of developing economies. The objective of this study was to identify the determinants of households’ livelihood diversification in a sub-Saharan town. Data were collected from 151 households and 4 key informants. In addition, secondary data were collected to supplement the primary data. Descriptive statistics were employed to identify the households’ livelihood strategies. The level of households’ livelihood diversification was estimated by the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, whereas multinomial logistic regression was employed to investigate the determinants of the households’ livelihood diversification. The result of the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index shows the presence of three levels of livelihood diversification among households: no diversification (11.26%), moderately diversified (26.49%), and highly diversified (62.25%). The model analysis revealed that out of eighteen predictor variables, only seven variables, namely, total cattle possession (B = 0.329,p<0.1), land ownership (B = 120.572,p<0.01), income from irrigation (B = 2.902,p<0.05), total annual cash income (B = 0.000,p<0.01), price fluctuation problem (B = 2.899,p<0.05), market price fluctuation plus total cattle possession (B = 12.892,p<0.01), and no price fluctuation plus total cash income (B = 0.000,p<0.01) were found significantly influencing households’ livelihood diversification. Households in the study town are engaged in different livelihood diversification strategies rather than relying on farm only for improving their wellbeing, and livelihood diversification was gaining a dominant role in households’ income. Even if the Ethiopian agricultural policy gives more attention to the agriculture sector, there is evidence that households’ income is not limited to agriculture. Therefore, nonfarm livelihood diversification should be strengthened by government initiatives to sustain households’ livelihood diversification.
Durability Performance of Concrete with Fly Ash as Fine Aggregate Eroded by Chloride Salt
Authors: Mao Mingjie , Ai Qingyi , Zhang Dongsheng , Li Sen , Li Jiabin
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the durability of concrete with fly ash as a fine aggregate (CFA) in chloride salt environments. The natural diffusion method is used to analyze the concrete strength, chloride ion concentration, and diffusion coefficient after chloride salt erosion in a laboratory environment. In addition, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Mercury intrusion porosimetry are performed to clarify the deterioration mechanism of concrete in chloride salt environments. The results indicate that owing to the chloride ion binding effect, the concrete porosity decreases and the concrete strength increases after chloride salt immersion. The decreased porosity caused by delayed hydration is primarily due to Friedel’s salt and CaCO3 produced during chloride ion erosion. CFA has a lower chloride diffusion coefficient and lower chloride concentration compared with ordinary concrete at all depths. In general, CFA exhibits excellent resistance to chloride salt erosion.
Internet Financial Data Security and Economic Risk Prevention for Android Application Privacy Leakage Detection
Authors: Wang Yun , Wang Limei
Published: March 2022

The rapid development of the Internet has brought great convenience to our lives, but it has also brought many problems. Due to the virtual nature of the Internet, many criminals conduct illegal and criminal activities in the virtual world. In the Internet, ordinary users account for the vast majority of Internet users, but at the same time, the information of ordinary users is also the easiest to steal, and malicious behaviors of stealing information of ordinary users continue to occur. Android system and iOS system are the two most common systems in the current smart phone system market. In the face of the current Internet chaos, both systems have exposed problems to varying degrees, especially the Android system. In order to protect the privacy of users, researchers have also begun to focus on the privacy protection of the Android system. Today, with the rapid development of mobile payments, the privacy of mobile phones is closely integrated with the security of users’ property, and the resolution of privacy issues cannot be delayed. Now that the development of the financial industry has developed into the Internet, the Internet has provided a new place for financial development, but it also faces many risks. This requires Internet finance practitioners to formulate corresponding security protection systems based on the characteristics of the Internet. Starting from big data and based on the characteristics of Internet finance, this paper designs a data-centric Internet financial risk early warning system. The existence of this system can analyze the possible risks of Internet finance from the perspective of big data, enabling enterprises to prepare in advance, and effectively reducing the losses in the development of Internet finance.
Effect of CMB Carrying PTX and CRISPR/Cas9 on Endometrial Cancer Naked Mouse Model
Authors: Cai Junhong , Wu Dongcai , Jin Yanbin , Bao Shan
Published: March 2022

Endometrial cancer, one of the most common gynecological cancers in women. Patients with advanced or recurrent disease have poor long-term outcomes. The current experiment explore the roles of cationic microbubbles (CMBs) carrying paclitaxel (PTX) and CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids on the xenotransplantation model of mice with endometrial cancer. The tumor histology, tumor cell viability, cell cycle, and invasion ability were investigated. Meanwhile, the P27, P21, GSK-3, Bcl-2 associated death promoter (Bad), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and C-erbB-2 expressions were evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. CMB-PTX-CRISPR/Cas9 had an inhibitory action on the tumor growth, tumor cell viability, cell cycle, and invasion ability of the mouse xenograft model of endometrial cancer. The CMB-PTX-CRISPR/Cas9 increased the GSK-3, P21, P27, and Bad expression levels, while reduced the C-erbB-2 and mTOR expressions. CMBs loaded with both PTX and CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids may be a new combination treatment with much potential. CMB-PTX-CRISPR/Cas9 may regulate the tumor cell viability, invasion, and metastasis of endometrial cancer naked mouse model by upregulating expressions of GSK-3, P21, P27, and Bad.
Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis of Ecological Language Development in Consideration of Q-Learning Algorithm
Authors: Sun Bo
Published: March 2022

The article uses the Q-learning algorithm to investigate the development of ecological language of college students in some cities, and analyzes the results of the investigation. Including the analysis of the language ability of the university, the analysis of the impact of the language environment of the students on the language ability, the analysis of the difference in language use and the analysis of the difference in language behavior. On this basis, summarizing the usage habits and behaviors of some students and giving solutions. In terms of social factors, analyzing the status quo of students and the Mandarin mode of college students. Analyzing the causes of college students’ “bilingualism” problems from the perspectives of sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics, improving language proficiency, and providing targeted solutions from the three perspectives of school, family, and individuals. The results show that only 9.9% of the respondents think their Mandarin is “very good,” only 19% of the respondents who can speak a little Mandarin think that their Mandarin is “very good.” Mandarin is very fluent, and the corresponding respondents rated their Mandarin as “very good” accounting for 32.1%. It can be seen that the Mandarin level of the surrounding contact objects has a great influence on the Mandarin level of the surveyed persons, and there is a positive correlation.
A Bioinformatics Study of Immune Infiltration-Associated Genes in Sciatica
Authors: Ma Tao , Li Guanhua , Ma Yuheng , Ren Zhaoqi , Xie Houyun , Sun Chaoyong , Tian Lei , Zhang Hao , Wang Wei
Published: March 2022

Sciatica has been widely studied, but the association of sciatica with immune infiltration has not been studied. We aimed to screen key genes and to further investigate the impact of immune infiltration in patients with sciatica. The bioinformatics analyzes were performed based on the GSE150408 dataset. Subsequently, we used CIBERSORT to study the immune infiltration in the disease group. Results showed that 13 genes were with differentially expressions in the sciatica group compared to healthy participants, including 8 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated genes. Through the LASSO model and SVM-RFE analysis, a total of 6 genes have intersections, namely SLED1, CHRNB3, BEGAIN, SPTBN2, HRASLS2, and OSR2. The ROC curve area also confirmed the reliability of this method. CIBERPORT analysis showed that T cell gamma delta infiltration decreased and neutrophil infiltration increased in the disease group. Then the association of these six key genes with immune infiltration was further verified. We found six overlapping genes and found that they were closely associated with the total immune infiltration in the sciatic nerve disease group. These findings may provide new ideas for the diagnosis and therapeutics of patients with sciatica.
A Privacy-Preserved Variational-Autoencoder for DGA Identification in the Education Industry and Distance Learning
Authors: Zheng Xingxing , Yin Xiaona
Published: March 2022

One of the most insidious methods of bypassing security mechanisms in a modern information system is the domain generation algorithms (DGAs), which are used to disguise the identity of malware by periodically switching the domain name assigned to a command and control (C&C) server. Combating advanced techniques, such as DGAs, is an ongoing challenge that security organizations often need to work with and possibly share private data to train better and more up-to-date machine learning models. This logic raises serious concerns about data integrity, trade-related issues, and strict privacy protocols that must be adhered to. To address the concerns regarding the privacy and security of private data, we propose in this work a privacy-preserved variational-autoencoder to DGA combined with case studies from the education industry and distance learning, specifically because the recent pandemic has brought an explosive increase to remote learning. This is a system that, using the secured multi-party computation (SMPC) methodology, can successfully apply machine learning techniques, specifically the Siamese variational-autoencoder algorithm, on encrypted data and metadata. The method proposed for the first time in the literature facilitates learning specialized extraction functions of useful intermediate representations in complex deep learning architectures, producing improved training stability, high generalization performance, and remarkable categorization accuracy.
Data-Driven Fatigue Damage Monitoring and Early Warning Model for Bearings
Authors: Hu Jie , Deng Sier
Published: March 2022

Since the manual extraction of features is not sufficient to accurately characterize the health status of rolling bearings, machine learning algorithms are gradually being used for fault diagnosis of bearings, which can adaptively learn the required features from the input data. In this paper,

k

-nearest neighbor, support vector machines, and convolutional neural networks are successfully applied to the fault diagnosis of bearings, for the benefit of achieving the detection and early warning of bearing fatigue damage. The original samples are segmented into semioverlapping samples. When using

k

-nearest neighbor and support vector machines as early warning models, we searched their hyperparameters with random search and grid search, and the results showed that support vector machines could achieve 87.1% of bearing detection accuracy and

k

-nearest neighbor could achieve 100% of detection accuracy. When convolutional neural networks are used as the early warning model, the accuracy can reach 99.75%.
Deep Learning-Based 3D Shape Feature Extraction on Flash Animation Style
Authors: Zhu Mengru , Lee Jong Han
Published: March 2022

Flash animation, as a kind of digital learning resource, is an important media for delivering information content, and more importantly, it is an important online learning resource with text, graphics, images, audio, video, interaction, dynamic effects, etc. Flash animation, with its powerful multimedia interaction and presentation capabilities, is widely used in distance education, high-quality course websites, Q&A platforms, etc. With the continuous development of deep learning, the 3D shape feature extraction method combined with deep learning has become a hot research topic. In this paper, we combine deep learning with traditional 3D shape feature extraction methods, so that we can not only break the bottleneck of nondeep learning methods but also improve the accuracy of 3D shape data classification and retrieval tasks, especially in the case of non-rigid 3D shapes. The scheme in this paper not only does not require a large number of training samples but also its feature extraction for flash animation is accurate. Experiments show that the success rate of accurate feature extraction of this paper’s scheme is higher than that of the state-of-the-art methods.
Design and Implementation of IoT Data-Driven Intelligent Law Classroom Teaching System
Authors: Shi Gaoyan
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we conduct in-depth research and analysis by building an IoT data-driven intelligent law classroom teaching system and implementing it in the actual teaching process. Firstly, the application requirements and main functions of the classroom interactive system are analysed and studied in depth; the overall design of the classroom interactive system based on wireless communication is carried out; and the classroom interactive system consisting of teacher’s receiver, wireless receiver, student’s handheld terminal, teacher’s receiver upper computer software, student’s handheld terminal upper computer software, and data management website is developed. Platform and communication part: middleware comprises multiple modules such as real-time memory event database, task management system, and event management system. The system uses USB communication, serial time-sharing communication, Zigbee wireless communication, WebSocket, and other technologies to realize data communication between several modules, and some key technologies are studied and improved in detail. Finally, the system is deployed to the actual experimental application scenario, and the software and hardware construction of the IoT innovation lab is completed. The lab equipment is officially put into use, the information platform is also in the trial run stage, and the system is tested in time during the operation stage to provide the basis for the improvement of the system functions. Use data to conduct an in-depth analysis of learning situations and learning process analysis, optimize the reasonable construction of a personalized learning environment, serve personalized learning, and achieve the most optimal learning effect. The secondary development of the Turing robot provides a personalized auxiliary Q&A system for teaching, allowing artificial intelligence-assisted teaching to be integrated into the curriculum. With the help of teaching law courses, the empirical study demonstrates that the personalized learning environment has significant advantages in improving teaching effectiveness.
Mix Method Approach of Measuring VR as a Pedagogical Tool to Enhance Experimental Learning: Motivation from Literature Survey of Previous Study
Authors: Asad Muhammad Mujtaba , Naz Aisha , Churi Prathamesh , Guerrero Antonio José Moreno , Salameh Anas A.
Published: March 2022

This research has been experimented on our previous literature review. Technological advancement has prevailed in the modern era from the 20th century. Artificial intelligence and virtual worlds have been created for rapid technological development. This paper is aimed at exploring the effect of virtual reality as a pedagogical tool for enhancing experiential learning among undergraduate students. Considering this, it was a mixed-methods study following the design of sequential exploratory–which includes qualitative followed by quantitative part. The targeted population was undergraduate students taking education programs from Public Sector Universities of Sindh. For the qualitative part, the sample of eight undergraduate students was interviewed for exploring their perceptions about virtual reality for enhancing experiential learning. The interviewed data were thematically analyzed, which revealed seven themes. For the quantitative part, emerged seven themes were used as constructs for developing the questionnaire. It was then used for quantitative data collection having excellent reliability. A sample of 80 students was taken, and data were collected by self-administration. The quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive as well as inferential statistics. Hence, the results found a statistically significant effect of virtual reality for enhancing experiential learning. However, user-friendliness ensures the applicability of virtual reality. Thus, it concluded that the implementation of virtual reality influences experiential learning enhancement. However, the implementation of virtual reality still depends upon the user-friendly nature of technology and virtual reality.
A Novel Denoise Method of Acoustic Signal from Train Bearings Based on Resampling Technique and Improved Crazy Climber Algorithm
Authors: Sun Yali , Li Hua , Zhao Xing , Fei Jiyou , Liu Xiaodong , Niu Yijie
Published: March 2022

The wayside acoustic defective bearing detector system (TADS) is located on both sides of the railway, so that the acoustic signals recorded by the microphone not only include the sound from the train bearings but also include it from the other disturbance sources. The heavy noise and multisource acoustic signals would badly reduce the reliability and accuracy of the detection result of the TADS. In order to extract the useful information from the recorded signal exactly and efficiently, a novel denoising method based on the Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and improved Crazy Climber algorithm was improved in this paper. Firstly, the STFT was performed on the recorded acoustic signals in order to obtain the time-frequency distribution matrix. Based on the original algorithm, the novel movement rule and the fitting process of the ridge lines were presented which could extract the time-frequency ridge lines of the acoustic signal accurately and rapidly. In this way, the important information from the train bearings could be divided from the heavy noise and other signals. Finally, the simulation and experimental verifications were carried out, and the denoising method based on the STFT and improved Crazy Climber algorithm has proved to be effective in extracting ridge lines of the time-frequency distribution matrix and dividing the useful information form the recorded acoustic signals.
Textual Information Classification of Campus Network Public Opinion Based on BILSTM and ARIMA
Authors: Wang Wenyi
Published: March 2022

To address the problem that it is difficult for traditional opinion analysis models to accurately analyze textual information of campus online public opinion in various formats, a deep learning-based online opinion analysis method is proposed by combining BILSTM and ARIMA models. By using BILSTM sentiment classification model to predict and analyze the text data of campus online public opinion, the sentiment polarity of online public opinion information was well predicted, and the trend prediction of online public opinion was completed by combining ARIMA model difference and temporal preprocessing BILSTM with accuracy values as the original sequence. The simulation results show that the proposed method can better achieve the sentiment prediction of campus online opinion event texts and can predict the general trend of campus online opinion development. The prediction results can well reflect the actual online public opinion and have better prediction accuracy compared with CNN or LSTM models, which can reach more than 80%.
Analysis of Stress-Strain Relationship of Earthen Soil Based on Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Yue Jianwei , Huang Xuanjia , Li Peng , Yue Tingting
Published: March 2022

The calibration of material mechanical parameters and deformation and failure mechanism of earthen soil have always been difficult problems in the field of cultural relics protection. How to establish a relationship between physical and mechanical properties of soil at macro and micro scales is the focus of the research. The nanostructure model of earthen soil composed of many atoms was established by molecular dynamics (MD) method. The stress-strain relationship of different moisture content was obtained by uniaxial compression simulation. Based on the electron micrograph image (magnification ×500) and the image reconstruction method, a micromodel composed of particles and pores was constructed. Furthermore, using the displacement loading method, we obtained the stress-strain relationship of the earthen soil with different moisture contents. Our results showed that the displacement of the left and right boundaries of the circular pore model is 1.26 times more than that of the polygonal pore model, and the displacement of the polygonal pore model is 1.28 times more than that of the circular pore model. The stress-strain curve simulated by the polygonal pore model is consistent with the experimental results. The results of the numerical analysis are in good agreement with those of the macro test, which indicates that the research ideas and the methods used for earthen soil exploration in this work are feasible. Our present findings provide reference for deterioration research and safety evaluation of cultural relic buildings such as earthen sites.
Effective Removal of Reactive Yellow 145 (RY145) using Biochar Derived from Groundnut Shell
Authors: Krishnasamy Srinivasan , SaiAtchyuth Bobbili Aravind , Ravindiran Gokulan , Subramaniyan Balakumar , Ramalingam Muralikrishnan , Sai Vamsi Janakani Uday Bhargava , Ramesh Bonu , Razack Nasar Ali
Published: March 2022

The decolorization of reactive yellow 145 from wastewater in batch mode of operation using groundnut shell-based biochar was studied in the present research. The adsorption process was studied by investigating the effects of different adsorption variables such as temperature, initial dye concentration, pH, and biochar dosage. The results showed that biochar dosage had a substantial impact on dye absorption potential. The equilibrium biochar dosage was determined to be 1 g/L, with an absorption capacity of 7.33 mg/g. The effect of pH was examined by varying between 2.0 and 5.0, and equilibrium pH was obtained at pH 2.0. The effect of temperature was examined by varying temperature ranges from 30 to 45°C, and the optimum condition was identified as 35°C. The characteristics of biochar were studied using analytical instruments, and results concluded that dye sorption onto biochar resulted in variation of biochar. Desorption studies were carried out to evaluate the biochar potential by examining various elutants and altering the solid to liquid ratio. Groundnut shell-generated biochar was reported to remediate dye-bearing Remazol wastewater with a removal effectiveness of about 62% based on the experimental data.
Research and Forecast Analysis of Financial Stability for Policy Uncertainty
Authors: Dai Zhiyi , Zhou Zhengming
Published: March 2022

The instability of financial market will have a great impact on money, bonds, and stocks and affect the economic development of society and people's lives. Therefore, it is very necessary for us to study and predict the financial stability. According to the forecast results, we will analyze and make a series of preparatory measures. First, we make a series of analyses on the structure and significance of policy uncertainty and financial stability. This paper introduces the advantages and disadvantages of the P/L model, the KLS signal method, and the BP neural network model for financial stability early warning, It is clearly pointed out that the BP neural network is more reliable and accurate, Then, the BP neural network, the ant colony algorithm, and the genetic algorithm are used to predict the opening price, closing price, highest price, and lowest price of KDJ index of Cathay Pacific Group's 5-day data. Compared with the real value, we find that the BP neural network is almost the smallest in forecasting the opening price and closing price, or the lowest price and the highest price, and has good stability, which once again proves the feasibility of applying the BP neural network to the research and prediction of financial stability.
Critical Retrospection of Performance of Emerging Mobile Technologies in Health Data Management
Authors: Vyas Sonali , Bhargava Deepshikha , Bhola Jyoti , Ujjan Javed Ahmed , Eswaran Sathyapriya , Rahmani Abdul Wahab
Published: March 2022

The recent advancement in mobile technologies has led to opening a new paradigm in the field of medical healthcare systems. The development of WBAN sensors, wearable devices, and 5G/6G wireless technology has made real-time monitoring and telecare of the patient feasible. The complex framework to secure sensitive data of the patient and healthcare professionals is critical. The fast computation of health data generated is crucial for disease prediction and trauma-related services; the security of data and financial transactions is also a major concern. Various models, algorithms, and frameworks have been developed to tame critical issues related to healthcare services. The efficiency of these frameworks and models depends on energy and time consumption. Thus, the review of recent emerging technologies in respect of energy and time consumption is required. This paper reviews the developments in recent mobile technologies, their application, and the comparative analysis of their performance parameters to explicitly understand the utility, capacity, and limitations. This will help to understand the shortcomings of the recent technologies for the development of better frameworks with higher performance capabilities as well as higher quality of services.
Settlement Analysis of Pipe Culvert Situated in Soft Clay Treated with Prefabricated Vertical Drains
Authors: Negesa Adamu Beyene
Published: March 2022

Engineering structures built on soft and compressible soils are often subjected to a long‐lasting consolidation settlement. It is difficult to achieve an acceptable level of consolidation during the first few years/days of operation. Similarly, the culvert structure provided at station km 159 + 112 of the Awash‐Kombolcha‐Hara Gebeya Railway Project, Ethiopia, was situated along the route traversing soft clay ground of significant thickness. For the intention of reducing consolidation time and lessening the precarious impact of the postconstruction settlement, the soft clay ground was treated with preloading and prefabricated vertical drains. However, the culvert structure is currently undergoing consolidation settlement with varying magnitudes. The vertical deformation of the culvert site is monitored using settlement gauges installed at the site. Monitoring of the site continued for 120 days to track the extent of ground deformation at the culvert site. However, because of environmental and technical factors like calibration and alignment errors, the settlement instrument readings may be exposed to uncertainties, which may probably affect the safety of the culvert structure. Hence, the study is primarily aimed at evaluating the field deformation performance of the culvert structure for 120 days of the consolidation period through numerical analysis and comparing the result with the site settlement monitoring data. The critical effect of wick drain and some key parameters (fill thickness and wick drain spacing) were also scrutinized. Finite element‐based numerical modeling was conducted by using the 2D GeoStudio/SigmaW package, and the Modified Cam Clay Constitutive model was adopted. The conducted numerical analysis revealed that the finite element result has good agreement with the field settlement monitoring data with only 0.0305 m maximum deviation in which the numerical analysis result remained greater for majority of the consolidation time. It can also be inferred that granular fill thickness and wick drain spacing were the key parameters impacting the settlement of the culvert structure.
FDA Approval Summary: Oral Azacitidine for Continued Treatment of Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Unable to Complete Intensive Curative Therapy
Authors: Jen Emily Y. , Wang Xin , Li Meng , Li Hongshan , Lee Shwu-Luan , Ni Nina , Przepiorka Donna , Vallejo Jonathon , Leong Ruby , Ma Lian , Gehrke Brenda J. , McLamore Sherita , Theoret Marc R. , de Claro R. Angelo
Published: March 2022

On September 1, 2020, the FDA granted approval for oral azacitidine (Onureg, CC-486) for continued treatment of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who achieved complete remission (CR) or complete remission with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) following intensive induction chemotherapy and who are not able to complete intensive curative therapy. Approval was based on improvement in overall survival using CC-486 300 mg daily in a 2 weeks on/2 weeks off schedule in comparison with placebo (HR, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.86; P = 0.0009) in the randomized trial CC-486-AML-001 (QUAZAR) in adults ≥ 55 years old with AML in CR/CRi who did not complete standard intensive induction and postremission therapy. Of note, the study was not designed to test CC-486 as maintenance after standard postremission therapy or as an alternative to standard postremission therapy. Gastrointestinal toxicities, fatigue, and pneumonia were more common in patients treated with CC-486 compared with placebo. Additional studies are needed to establish safe dosing for patients with hepatic impairment. The pharmacokinetic parameters, recommended dose, and recommended schedule of CC-486 differ substantially from those of other azacitidine formulations; therefore, inappropriate substitutions between formulations pose a considerable risk for harm.
Comparative study between S-(+)-ketamine–midazolam and fentanyl–droperidol in black-tufted marmosets (Callithrix penicillata)
Authors: Lopes Luiz Fernando Larangeira , Gris Vanessa Nadine , Ferraro Mario Antonio , Cortopassi Silvia Renata  Gaido
Published: March 2022

Sedative and antinociceptive effects of two anesthetic protocols in black-tufted marmosets were compared in this study. Twenty-six marmosets underwent chemical immobilization for physical examination, blood sampling, tattooing, and microchipping. Animals were randomly treated with S-(+)-ketamine (10 mg/kg) and midazolam (1 mg/kg) (KM) or fentanyl (12.5 µg/kg) and droperidol (625 µg/kg) (FD) given by intramuscular injection. Heart and respiratory rates were recorded. Sedation, antinociception, muscle relaxation, posture, auditory, and visual responses were evaluated using a scoring system. Sedation in KM was achieved faster (p < 0.001) and lasted for a shorter period of time (p = 0.0009). KM was similar to FD in its cardiorespiratory effects, auditory and visual responses. Both protocols promoted adequate sedation to allow manipulation. Animals in KM assumed lateral recumbency while animals in FD maintained a quadrupedal posture during evaluation. FD produced less intense sedation and muscle relaxation but a higher degree of antinociception compared to KM and is suitable for procedures that require analgesia in black-tufted marmosets.
Orlando: a indumentária e as figurações de papéis sexuais
Authors: Campello Eliane Terezinha , Danieli Lisiane
Published: March 2022

Este artigo propõe uma interpretação do romance Orlando: uma biografia, publicado por Virginia Woolf em 1928, o qual narra a vida da/o protagonista homônima ao título desde os seus 16 anos, no século XVI, até os 36 anos de idade, no século XX. Diante de três séculos de história, Orlando tem seu sexo mudado de homem para mulher por encantamento. Este fato ocorre no campo textual e se torna aparente devido à troca de substantivos e pronomes, embora esta mudança altere também, significativamente, sua existência sócio-histórica. Para tal análise, apoiamo-nos em teorias desenvolvidas por Kate Millett (1970), Germaine Greer (1971) e Susan Bordo (1997), entre outras, buscando demonstrar de que modo a indumentária de Orlando sinaliza a mutação em seu corpo e modifica também as formas de representação e tratamento da personagem no âmbito social, pois estabelece as figurações dos papéis sexuais. A imposição da socialização feminina a partir da materialidade da personagem fica evidente. O romance enfatiza a necessidade de abolir a sistematização tradicional de gênero.
“Uma mulher escandalosa”: situações que marcam a construção de identidade
Authors: Sousa Albetania Pessoa de , Ferreira Rejane de Souza
Published: March 2022

Neste artigo fazemos a análise da identidade de Eily, protagonista do conto “Uma Mulher Escandalosa”, da irlandesa Edna O’Brien. Para isso, iniciamos problematizando os percursos de como se dá a construção da identidade feminina, sob a perspectiva do ponto de vista da narradora. Em seguida, apresentamos como a narrativa em si contribui para a construção da identidade de Eily, destacando três situações que melhor representam a identidade da protagonista. Desse modo, essa análise justifica-se porque a história narrada intercambia experiências sobre mulheres que foram silenciadas e afetadas em sua individualidade por um conjunto de poderes impessoal e atemporal, para os quais suscita espanto e reflexão. A condução teórica da análise literária está composta pelos referenciais de Luís Alberto Brandão Santos e Silvana Pessôa de Oliveira, que apontam como se dá a construção da narrativa, seguidos pelos conceitos sobre o tipo de narrador proposto por Norman Friedman e Yves Reuter. Para a análise identitária trago as abordagens de Kathryn Woodward, Erich Fromm, Jean-Claude Deschamps e Pascal Moliner, além de Michael Foucault, que explica os mecanismos de poder sobre os corpos, e por último, a perspectiva de Judith Butler sobre a identidade de gênero.
 
*Este artigo é um recorte da pesquisa de dissertação intitulada Mimese da Relação Triádica entre identidade Cultura e Poder em três contos de Edna O’Brien, feita por Albetania Pessoa de Sousa, sob a orientação da Profa. Dra. Rejane de Souza Ferreira.
O corpo angustiado em Niketche: uma história de poligamia, de Paulina Chiziane
Authors: Silva Fernanda Oliveira da , Silva Maria Teresa Salgado Guimarães da
Published: March 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma leitura do corpo feminino, em Niketche: uma história de poligamia, de Paulina Chiziane. Tal corpo, impulsionado pela angústia, se desloca e entra em contato com diversos espaços, levando-nos a conhecer Moçambique de Norte a Sul. Nesse sentido, buscou-se analisar como as marcas de subalternidade e os estereótipos refletem-se no corpo da protagonista e também discutir o próprio olhar da personagem a respeito de seu corpo, que é influenciado pela cultura e práticas sociais do local em que está inserido. Para tais discussões, utilizaremos O segundo sexo de Simone de Beauvoir, que analisa como o corpo da mulher é moldado desde a infância para ser visto como objeto e como o destino da mulher é ligado ao seu corpo. Cultura e representação de Stuart Hall nos auxiliará na análise dos estereótipos que são impostos aos corpos femininos. O livro Não serei eu mulher?, de bell hooks traz a imagem do corpo negro feminino no período colonial e relata como a mulher negra escravizada teve seu corpo sexualizado e explorado em tantos aspectos.
Representações culturais do aborto clandestino em Portugal: uma análise comparada
Authors: Pedro Raquel Hilário
Published: March 2022

Desde o início da ditadura (1933) e até à despenalização do aborto em Portugal (2007) várias mulheres produziram objetos culturais onde retratam a realidade dos abortos clandestinos. Estas obras são importantes para o panorama artístico nacional e internacional e despoletaram tanto repressão social e política como largos movimentos de solidariedade. Neste artigo faz-se uma análise comparada de um conjunto de peças que evidenciam a preocupação e a realidade das mulheres que faziam desmanches ilegais. Através de uma abordagem diacrónica, analisam-se representações literárias e artísticas que foram produzidas em épocas diferentes numa mesma cultura. Utiliza-se a metodologia da literatura e história de arte comparadas, aplicando o close reading e a teoria da iconologia e iconografia de Erwin Panofsky. Parte-se de Novas cartas portuguesas, passando por Grades vivas e Ela é apenas mulher, focando depois na série Aborto. Começa-se por se fazer uma introdução, contextualiza-se a condição da mulher em Portugal particularmente durante o Estado Novo, analisam-se as representações culturais do aborto, aborda-se a perseguição social, política e a censura sofrida pelas autoras, finalizando-se com um debate sobre o tema do aborto nos dias de hoje, ameaças em ascenção do direito ao corpo e respetiva resistência cultural.
Same-Sex Marriage Recognition and Taxes: New Evidence about the Impact of Household Taxation
Authors: Friedberg Leora , Isaac Elliott
Published: March 2022

The U.S. income tax code encourages marriage for some and discourages marriage for others, but same-sex couples were only recently exposed to these incentives. We estimate marriage responses by exploiting variation in the recognition of same-sex marriages for tax purposes versus earlier papers leveraging smaller changes. Using the American Community Survey, which reports cohabitation and marriage, we estimate a significant though very small marriage elasticity, with further analysis suggesting a higher (though still small) elasticity for low-earning households and in response to federal taxes specifically. Our estimates imply that the 2018 tax reform will increase marriage among high-earning cohabiting couples.
Economic Distress and Electoral Consequences: Evidence from Appalachia
Authors: Firoozi Daniel
Published: March 2022

Information about inequality can change political attitudes in lab and survey experiments. I use data from the Appalachian Regional Commission and a regression discontinuity design to test whether salient information about local poverty can impact voter behavior in a field setting. I find that when the poorest decile of counties is labeled “economically distressed,” the Democratic share of the Presidential and House popular vote rises in subsequent elections. I present suggestive evidence linking this result to local news coverage, rather than spending or other outcomes.
Police Violence, Student Protests, and Educational Performance
Authors: González Felipe , Prem Mounu
Published: March 2022

We study the protest behavior of teenagers linked to a student killed by a stray bullet coming from a policeman in Chile. We use administrative data to follow the schoolmates of the victim and those living near the shooting on hundreds of protest and nonprotest days. We find that police violence causes lower protest participation in street rallies but more adherence to test boycotts. These effects appear among schoolmates of the victim and not among students living near the killing. Negative educational consequences suffered by the schoolmates combined with previous results suggest that psychological mechanisms are a plausible explanation.
Biases in Information Selection and Processing: Survey Evidence from the Pandemic
Authors: Faia Ester , Fuster Andreas , Pezone Vincenzo , Zafar Basit
Published: March 2022

We conduct two survey experiments to study which information people choose to consume and how it affects their beliefs. In the first experiment, respondents choose between optimistic and pessimistic article headlines related to the COVID-19 pandemic and are then randomly shown one of the articles. Respondents with more pessimistic prior beliefs tend to prefer pessimistic headlines, providing evidence of confirmation bias. Additionally, respondents assigned to the less preferred article discount its information. The second experiment studies the role of partisan views, uncovering strong source dependence: news source revelation further distorts information acquisition, eliminating the role of priors in article choice.
An unusual freshwater diatom with bilobate ends from the Mid-Miocene of East Antarctica: Staurosirella tigris sp. nov. (Fragilariaceae, Bacillariophyta)
Authors: HARPER MARGARET A. , MORALES EDUARDO A. , VAN DE VIJVER BART
Published: March 2022

A new species of araphid diatoms with bilobate ends is described as Staurosirella tigris sp. nov. It was found in mid-Miocene glacial-lacustrine sediments in the Friis Hills, Antarctica. The new diatom is placed in Staurosirella because it has striae composed of apically-oriented lineolae, separated by long, thin vimines, and it lacks rimoportulae. It can be easily distinguished by its rectangular valve shape with bilobate ends, differing from Staurosirella grunowii, another four-lobed Miocene species, by having a rectangular central portion to its valves instead of being cross-shaped with the four lobes arising from a common central area. Also, the distribution of the new species is different, to date only being found in Antarctica, while S. grunowii is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere.
Hieracium boratynskii (Asteraceae), a new species in the H. canescens aggregate from the Sudetes in Poland
Authors: SZELĄG ZBIGNIEW
Published: March 2022

N/A
Lectotypification of Andropogon compressus (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) and note on the true identity of Andropogon ensiformis
Authors: LANDGE SHAHID NAWAZ , SHINDE RAJENDRA D.
Published: March 2022

N/A
Lactarius indoevosmus and L. kanadii  (Russulaceae), two new species from the northwestern Himalayas, India, inferred from morphology and molecular data
Authors: VERMA KOMAL , MEHMOOD TAHIR , UNIYAL PRIYANKA , SHARMA YASH PAL
Published: March 2022

Two new species of the genus Lactarius from India, Lactarius indoevosmus (L. subg. Lactarius) and L. kanadii (L. subg. Plinthogalus) are presented with detailed descriptions, line drawings, photomicrographs, and comparisons with related species. The novelty and placement of these taxa within the genus Lactarius are confirmed with an ITS-based phylogeny.
Fabrication of Buffer-Window Layer System for Cu(In, Ga)Se2 Thin Film Devices by Chemical Bath Deposition and Sol–Gel Methods
Authors: Ding Su-Ying , Yu Si-Qi , Wang Xiao-Xia , Wu Zi-Hua , Li Wen-Qin , Jia Wei , Xie Hua-Qing
Published: March 2022

Recently, nontoxic fabrication for Cu(In, Ga)Se2 thin films gained increasing popularity. In this work, chemical bath deposition and Sol–gel methods were utilized in the fabrication of an environmentally buffer-window (ZnS-ZnO/ZnO:Al) layer system for Cu(In, Ga)Se2
thin film devices. The influences of conditions like annealing temperature, coating times, and Al-doping amount were investigated. The surface morphology and optical properties illustrated a compact and uniform ZnS film with a band-gap of 3.78, which can be a good alternative to CdS film.
Resistivity of 0.35 Ω·cm for the ZnO/ZnO:Al film was achieved by the ideal condition of 9 coating times and 5 Al-doping amounts. A cross-sectional view of the complete Cu(In, Ga)Se2 thin film was obtained, and the structure status was analyzed.
Chasing Respectability: Pro-Immigrant Organizations and the Reinforcement of Immigrant Racialization
Authors: Brown Hana E. , Jones Jennifer A.
Published: March 2022

In this article, we investigate the role that pro-immigrant organizations play in immigrant racialization. Drawing on a critical case study from the longest standing immigrant rights organization in North Carolina, we demonstrate how immigrant rights organizations can racialize new Latinx arrivals even as they advocate for them. We interrogate the organization’s multi-year, state-wide campaign to counteract mounting public characterizations of Latinx immigrants as drunk drivers. Analyzing a critical juncture in this campaign, we demonstrate how El Pueblo, in their effort to contest the mainstream racialization of Latinxs, unintentionally doubled down on that same racialization, buying into respectability politics and reinforcing derogatory stereotypes of Latinxs. We outline three central maneuvers that grounded this particular respectability politics campaign and demonstrate the utility of respectability politics as a framework for understanding organizational racialization processes. These findings suggest the need to shift focus toward community organizations as key sites of immigrant racialization and highlight the need for inquiry into the racialized assumptions of pro-immigrant forces.
Legal and Ethnoracial Consciousness: Perceptions of Immigrant Media Narratives Among the Latino Undocumented 1.5 Generation
Authors: Vaquera Elizabeth , Castañeda Heide , Aranda Elizabeth
Published: March 2022

Prior work has focused on the role of media in shaping public perceptions of immigrants and in the construction of social illegality. In this article, we examine how the undocumented 1.5 immigrant generation perceive, consume, and navigate media messaging about immigration—and particularly Latino immigrants—to understand the role of media in shaping their lived experiences. We analyze 50 in-depth and nine follow-up interviews with undocumented young adults in Florida collected between 2017 and 2021. Two major themes emerged: (1) how media information and misinformation invoke both legal and ethnoracial consciousness; and (2) how undocumented young immigrants deploy agentic strategies to resist negative and dehumanizing portrayals by rejecting media altogether, leveraging media to resist abuses, and embracing counter-narratives. Based on these findings, we discuss the usefulness of a double consciousness framework and argue for the use of “ethnoracial consciousness” in synergy with legal consciousness to more accurately describe experiences for this population.