bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of intracranial hemorrhagic complications after anterior circulation endovascular thrombectomy in relation to occlusion site: a nationwide observational register study
Authors: Hall Emma , Ullberg Teresa , Andsberg Gunnar , Wasselius Johan
Published: October 2023

Background

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a potentially severe complication of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). However, the relationship between the incidence and severity of ICH and vascular occlusion location is not well described.

Objective

To present a comprehensive analysis of subtypes of ICHs and their relationship to the occlusion site following EVT in the anterior circulation.

Methods

All patients with anterior circulation vessel occlusion stroke (internal carotid (ICA) and middle cerebral artery’s first (M1) and later segments (M2 and beyond)) registered in the two Swedish national quality registers for stroke care and endovascular therapy during 2015–2020 were included. Hemorrhagic complications identified on imaging within 36 hours post-EVT were classified according to Heidelberg Bleeding Classification and further divided into symptomatic (sICH) or non-symptomatic (non-sICH).

Results

Of the 3077 patients, ICH frequency was 24.2%, which included 4.5% sICH. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was the most frequent subtype of hemorrhage (10.9%). The hemorrhagic subtypes differed significantly by occlusion site, but the frequency of any bleed did not. EVT performed in and beyond the M2 more often resulted in SAH, frequently classified as non-sICH. EVT performed in the ICA was associated with more severe hemorrhages, such as intraventricular and large parenchymal hematomas, that were more often classified as sICH.

Conclusion

In this nationwide unselected EVT cohort we found that ICH severity significantly differed between different vessel occlusion sites.
Structural geology of the Mount Meager Volcanic Complex, BC, Canada: implications for geothermal energy and geohazards
Authors: Muhammad Mahmud , Williams-Jones Glyn , Barendregt René W.
Published: October 2023

The Mount Meager Volcanic Complex ( Qwe̓ lqwe̓ lústen or Mt. Meager) coincides tectonically with the intra-arc to back-arc transition zone and exhibits the loci of strain partitioning in response to a rapid change in orientation of the Pemberton and Garibaldi Arc segments that are coeval with a shift in Pacific plate motion after 5 Ma. This strain partition is manifested through development of a transpressional deformation from 5 to 1.9 Ma at the latitude of Mt. Meager. Mt. Meager is an active volcanic system with at least two explosive eruptions in the last 25 000 years, the most recent occurring around 2360 BP. Additionally, it is the site of the largest landslide in Canadian history, which occurred during the summer of 2010, originating from the southeastern side the massif. During early exploration at Mt. Meager, geothermal boreholes drilled to 3 km reached 270 °C but did not find sufficient permeability to sustain self-flowing conditions. To understand the geological challenges in Mt. Meager’s geothermal exploration, we analyzed outcrop-scale faults and folds, incorporating structural mapping, volcanic rock paleomagnetism, and radiometric dating to establish kinematic history and kinematic compatibility of structural geology features, including faults and folds. Our findings suggest that stress partitioning during the last 5 Ma resulted in the formation of a transpressional structure exhibited as an elongate and rhomboidal structure at Mt. Meager with anomalously high topographic elevations which led to east northeast–west southwest crustal shortening and exhumation of crystalline basement. This new structural geology model improves our understanding of the geothermal reservoir and potentially significant geohazards.
Are juveniles full-scale replicas of adults? Evaluation of anuran special locomotion and digging adaptations during and after metamorphosis
Authors: Reis Luísa de Paula , Fratani Jessica , Ponssa María Laura
Published: October 2023

Many species of anurans display special mechanical abilities, such as excavation and climbing. The aim of this study is to investigate the development of traits that are associated with these special mechanical abilities, under the hypothesis that these structures attain their configuration during the juvenile stages of development. We examined specimens from four different species of Leptodactylidae and six species of Hylidae. For the digging behavior, we evaluated the progress of calcification in the anterior region of the skulls, as well as the development of the snout-ridge. To assess climbing ability, we examined the ossification rate, the variation in the shape of the phalanx, the progress of the offset angle, and the distance between the terminal phalanx and the penultimate phalange of finger IV. The ossification of the skull and phalanges, along with the development of the snout-ridge, progresses and reaches completion during the juvenile phase of ontogeny, suggesting that at the time of metamorphosis, individuals are not yet full-scale replicas of the adults. The shape and the mechanical characteristics of terminal phalanges are already established by the conclusion of metamorphosis, revealing intriguing distinctions among arboreal species with walking and jumping locomotion.
Current development status of accelerator-based neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy
Authors: Kumada Hiroaki , Sakae Takeji , Sakurai Hideyuki
Published: October 2023

Recently, progress in technology for accelerator-based neutron sources has increased attention regarding boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). BNCT is a type of radiotherapy that combines neutrons and boron drugs and is expected to be used in the treatment of refractory and recurrent cancers. Owing to the need for high-intensity neutrons in treatment, compact accelerator-based neutron sources applicable to BNCT are being developed worldwide. These current projects utilize cyclotrons, linear accelerators, and electrostatic accelerators as accelerators for BNCT devices. Beryllium and lithium are the main target materials for neutron generation. The accelerators for BNCT device are required to accelerate charged particles with an average current ranging from a few milliamperes to a few tens of milliamperes in order to generate neutrons of sufficient intensity for the treatment. Moreover, the target systems require technologies and mechanisms that can withstand the large heat load produced by high-power beam irradiation and prevent blistering. This review outlines and explains the accelerator neutron sources for BNCT and the requirements for the components of each device, such as the accelerator, target material, and beam shaping assembly. In addition, various development projects for accelerator-based BNCT devices worldwide are introduced.
Improved Linear-Time Streaming Algorithms for Maximizing Monotone Cardinality-Constrained Set Functions
Authors: Cui Min , Du Donglei , Gai Ling , Yang Ruiqi
Published: October 2023

Many real-world applications arising from social networks, personalized recommendations, and others, require extracting a relatively small but broadly representative portion of massive data sets. Such problems can often be formulated as maximizing a monotone set function with cardinality constraints. In this paper, we consider a streaming model where elements arrive quickly over time, and create an effective, and low-memory algorithm. First, we provide the first single-pass linear-time algorithm, which is a a deterministic algorithm, achieves an approximation ratio of [Formula: see text] for any [Formula: see text] with a query complexity of [Formula: see text] and a memory complexity of [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a positive integer and [Formula: see text] is the submodularity ratio. However, the algorithm may produce less-than-ideal results. Our next result is to describe a multi-streaming algorithm, which is the first deterministic algorithm to attain an approximation ratio of [Formula: see text] with linear query complexity.
Optimal Embedded and Enclosing Isosceles Triangles
Authors: Ambrus Áron , Csikós Mónika , Kiss Gergely , Pach János , Somlai Gábor
Published: October 2023

Given a triangle [Formula: see text], we study the problem of determining the smallest enclosing and largest embedded isosceles triangles of [Formula: see text] with respect to area and perimeter. This problem was initially posed by Nandakumar [17, 22] and was first studied by Kiss, Pach, and Somlai [13], who showed that if [Formula: see text] is the smallest area isosceles triangle containing [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] share a side and an angle. In the present paper, we prove that for any triangle [Formula: see text], every maximum area isosceles triangle embedded in [Formula: see text] and every maximum perimeter isosceles triangle embedded in [Formula: see text] shares a side and an angle with [Formula: see text]. Somewhat surprisingly, the case of minimum perimeter enclosing triangles is different: there are infinite families of triangles [Formula: see text] whose minimum perimeter isosceles containers do not share a side and an angle with [Formula: see text].
Study of new physics effects in lepton flavor violating B→K2∗(1430)l1l2 decays
Authors: Biswas S. , Mandal M. , Mahata S. , Sahoo S.
Published: October 2023

Lepton flavor violation (LFV) is one of the most trending topics to probe new physics (NP). The powerful accelerators have enhanced their intensities to observe the LFV decays very precisely. In this situation, the theorists are also interested in studying these decays in various NP models and in model-independent ways to get precise results. Motivated by these results we have studied [Formula: see text] decays in non-universal [Formula: see text] model. Here, we have structured the two-fold angular distribution of the decays in terms of transversity amplitudes and the transversity amplitudes are formed with NP Wilson coefficients. The variation of the branching ratios and forward–backward asymmetries show the sensitivity of NP. The observables calculated in this work are very interesting and might provide a new way towards NP.
Dynamics of a Rotated Orthogonal Gravitational Wedge Billiard
Authors: Anderson Keegan D.
Published: October 2023

We investigate a rotated, orthogonal gravitational wedge billiard — a special case of the asymmetric gravitational wedge billiard — in which the dynamics are integrable. We derive equations and conditions under which periodic orbits may be constructed for this model, and show that any other trajectory will be dense in the configuration space.
Influence of Heat Loss on the Chaotic Dynamics of Reaction Waves in the Model with Chain-Branching Reaction
Authors: Kuznetsov Maxim , Kolobov Andrey , Gubernov Vladimir , Polezhaev Andrey
Published: October 2023

In this paper, the complex dynamics of the pulsating regime of combustion waves propagation is numerically investigated within the Zel’dovich–Barenblatt–Dold model with two-step chain-branching reaction mechanism. It is shown that there exists a remarkable similarity in the dynamics of oscillations in this system and one-dimensional discrete-time maps such as the logistic map. In particular, both systems exhibit the period doubling route to chaos and the appearance of windows of stability as the bifurcation parameter is increased. For the first time for a model of combustion wave propagation the sequence of windows of stability is demonstrated and classified. Nevertheless, as the activation energy, which is taken as a bifurcation parameter, reaches a critical value corresponding to the dynamical quenching scenario the dynamics of the flame oscillations becomes multidimensional and therefore it cannot be described by a one-dimensional map anymore. The effect of the heat losses is also studied and it is demonstrated that the number of windows of stability decreases, the order of their appearance changes and the dynamical quenching appears for smaller values of the activation energy as the heat losses are increased.
Teacher Education to Integrate Computational Thinking into Elementary Science: A Design-Based Research Study
Authors: Killen Heather , Coenraad Merijke , Byrne Virginia , Cabrera Lautaro , Mills Kelly , Ketelhut Diane Jass , Plane Jandelyn D.
Published: October 2023

Computational thinking (CT) is playing an increasingly relevant role within disciplinary teaching in elementary school, particularly in science. However, many teachers are unfamiliar with CT, either because their education occurred before the popularization of CT or because CT instruction was not included in their pre-service coursework. For these teachers, CT professional development (PD) becomes a primary mechanism to close their CT knowledge gap. While CT PD has demonstrated success at increasing teacher's CT understanding, researchers have reported varied outcomes in supporting teachers to write CT-integrated lesson plans. To explore how we might support teachers to integrate CT into elementary science, we employed design-based research (DBR) in a dual-track design of in-class CT instruction for pre-service undergraduates within an elementary science methods class paired with a collaborative, multi-month PD opportunity for pre- and in-service teachers. In this article, we reflect on our 5-year period of DBR and present our design insights and implications for CT instruction and curriculum design from each iteration. Our findings on best practices will inform both teacher educators and PD providers within CT education. Our work will also be of interest to researchers considering DBR for technology-based educational projects.
Dynamic Thermal Management of 3D Memory through Rotating Low Power States and Partial Channel Closure
Authors: Siddhu Lokesh , Bagchi Aritra , Kedia Rajesh , Ahmad Isaar , Pandey Shailja , Panda Preeti Ranjan
Published: October 2023

Modern high-performance and high-bandwidth three-dimensional (3D) memories are characterized by frequent heating. Prior art suggests turning off hot channels and migrating data to the background DDR memory, incurring significant performance and energy overheads. We propose three Dynamic Thermal Management (DTM) approaches for 3D memories, reducing these overheads. The first approach,
Rotating-channel Low-power-state-based DTM (RL-DTM)
, minimizes the energy overheads by avoiding data migration. RL-DTM places 3D memory channels into low power states instead of turning them off. Since data accesses are disallowed during low power state, RL-DTM balances each channel’s low-power-state duration. The second approach,
Masked rotating-channel Low-power-state-based DTM (ML-DTM)
, is a fine-grained policy that minimizes the energy-delay product (EDP) and improves the performance of RL-DTM by considering the channel access rate. The third strategy,
Partial channel closure and ML-DTM
, minimizes performance overheads of existing channel-level turn-off-based policies by closing a channel only partially and integrating ML-DTM, reducing the number of channels being turned off. We evaluate the proposed DTM policies using various mixes of SPEC benchmarks and multi-threaded workloads and observe them to significantly improve performance, energy, and EDP over state-of-the-art approaches for different 3D memory architectures.
Molecular Investigation of the Antitumor Effects of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Alkhawaldeh Aseel , Bardaweel Sanaa
Published: October 2023

The catalytic activity of monoamine oxidase A (MAO‐A) has been linked to tumorigenesis due to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the resulting oxidative stress. MAO‐A inhibition revealed a beneficial role in prostate and lung cancer treatment. This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of different monoamine oxidase A inhibitors (MAO‐AIs) on the proliferation and progression of breast cancer cell lines. The cell viability assay was used to evaluate the antiproliferative and combined effects of MAO‐AIs. Cell migration was evaluated using wound healing, invasion, and colony formation assays. The underlying mechanism of cell death was studied using flow cytometry. The real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the relative gene expression. Finally, MAO‐A activity in breast cancer cells was evaluated using an MAO‐A activity assay. According to the results, the examined MAO‐AIs significantly inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells in a dose‐dependent manner. In breast cancer cells, the combination of anticancer drugs (doxorubicin or raloxifene) with MAO‐AIs resulted in a synergistic effect. MAO‐AIs significantly reduced wound closure and invasion ability in breast cancer cells. Also, MAO‐AIs reduced the colony count and size of breast cancer cells. MAO‐AIs resulted in significant proapoptotic activity in breast cancer cells. Finally, the MAO‐AIs suppressed MAO-A, Bcl-2, and VEGF gene expressions in breast cancer cells relative to untreated cells. This study provides solid evidence supporting the anticancer effect of MAO‐A inhibitors in breast cancer cells.
Morphology and Depositional Processes of a Carbonate-Filled Canyon in the Carboniferous KT-II Formation of the Eastern Precaspian Basin, Kazakhstan: Insight from 3D Seismic Data
Authors: Wu Jiapeng , Cheng Xiaodong , Sheng Shanbo , Fan Leyuan , Guo Kai , Li Xining , Diao Wan , Tai Unmei , Jin Shutang , Zhang Shengbin , Song Xinxin
Published: October 2023

Canyons in carbonate depositional settings, as important elements of the source-to-sink system, remain poorly studied compared to those in siliciclastic depositional environments. The latest high-resolution three-dimensional seismic data, well logs, and core data at the eastern edge of the Precaspian Basin are used to investigate the geomorphology, infillings, and depositional process of a unique carbonate-filled canyon in the Carboniferous KT-II formation parallel to the carbonate platform, which is distinct from other slope-perpendicular canyons. The canyon has a total length of more than 52.3 km with a nearly N-S orientation and an S-shaped geometry, and the whole canyon can be divided into three segments by two knickpoints. The slope-parallel orientation of the canyon is mainly controlled by the palaeogeomorphology and reverse faults. Due to the collision of the Kazakh and European plates in the early-middle Visean (early Carboniferous), the canyon was formed in a northern tilted, elongated, and restricted palaeotopographic feature between uplifts. The development of reverse faults related to tectonic movement controlled the variations in the width of the canyon and the positions of the knickpoints. Tectonics controlled the orientation and formation of the canyon, while sedimentary processes contributed to its infilling. The well-seismic tie analysis indicated two distinct periods of the canyon fillings, Ss1 and Ss2, which were separated by a second-order sequence boundary. The lower part contained sediments supplied by both sides of the canyon through channels or gullies, and the upper part was dominated by a carbonate platform that prograded from the eastern side of the canyon. The evolution of the canyon can be subdivided into three stages. The increasing stage was mainly characterized by significant upslope erosion through headward retrogressive mass failures in the slope-parallel confined negative relief to form the canyon during the lowstand system tract of Ss1. Subsequently, in the early filling stage, the carbonate factory was productive during the highstand, and massive excess carbonate sediments were transported into the adjacent canyon by channels or gullies on both sides and deposited. The canyon was basically filled, and the morphology became much gentler. During the subsequent late filling stage, the carbonate platform was flooded again during the highstand, and the production rates of the carbonate factory greatly increased. The lateral progradation of carbonate platforms accelerated on the canyon of the early filling stage and further into the inner sag.
Dimethyl Fumarate Protects against Lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) Induced Sepsis through Inhibition of NF-κB Pathway in Mice
Authors: Fang He , Wang Xingtong , Damarla Mahendra , Sun Rongju , He Qingli , Li Ruojing , Luo Pengfei , Liu Jun O. , Xia Zhaofan
Published: October 2023

Sepsis is one of the most severe complications and causes of mortality in the clinic. It remains a great challenge with no effective treatment for clinicians worldwide. Inhibiting the release of proinflammatory cytokines during sepsis is considered as an important strategy for treating sepsis and improving survival. In the present study, we have observed the effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced sepsis and investigated the possible mechanism. By screening a subset of the Johns Hopkins Drug Library, we identified DMF as a novel inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, suggesting that DMF could be a potential drug to treat sepsis. To further characterize the effect of DMF on LPS signaling, TNF-α, MCP-1, G-CMF, and IL-6 expression levels were determined by using cytokine array panels. In addition, an endotoxemia model with C57BL/6 mice was used to assess the in vivo efficacy of DMF on sepsis. The survival rate was assessed, and HE staining was performed to investigate histopathological damage to the organs. DMF was found to increase the survival of septic mice by 50% and attenuate organ damage, consistent with the reduction in IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α (inflammatory cytokines) in serum. In vitro experiments revealed DMF’s inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of p65, IκB, and IKK, suggesting that the primary inhibitory effects of DMF can be attributed, at least in part, to the inhibition of phosphorylation of IκBα, IKK as well as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) upon LPS stimulation. The findings demonstrate that DMF dramatically inhibits NO and proinflammatory cytokine production in response to LPS and improves survival in septic mice, raising the possibility that DMF has the potential to be repurposed as a new treatment of sepsis.
Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors among Residents Aged ≥18 Years in Ganzhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gu Junwang , Wang Qi , Qiu Wei , Lin Fen , Wu Chunmei , Hao Ming , Wu Ping
Published: October 2023

Background. Reliable epidemiologic data on the present burden of hypertension are needed in developing region-specific strategies since previous studies have suggested that China is lagging in risk factor management. Objective. The study aimed at exploring the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among adult residents in Ganzhou, China. Methodology. A multistage, stratified, and cluster random sampling method was used to conduct the cross-sectional survey. The study selected four county-level districts in Ganzhou City, China, as the investigation area. Permanent residents aged ≥18 years who have settled in the area for 6 months or more were selected. A total of 7430 residents were involved in the study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify predictors of hypertension. Results. The prevalence of hypertension in Ganzhou was 28.5%, and the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was 22.4%. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that multiple variables have a statistically significant effect on the prevalence of hypertension. The elderly (odds ratio [95% CI]: 2.791 [2.594–3.004]), men (1.805 [1.583–2.058]), lower educated (0.848 [0.805–0.893]), a family history of hypertension (4.575 [3.900–5.368]), higher body mass index (1.344 [1.215–1.488]), central obesity (1.532 [1.304–1.799]), and less vegetable intake (1.150 [1.023–1.294]) were the major risk factors for hypertension. Conclusion. Hypertension is a major public health problem in Ganzhou and requires much effort to reduce its prevalence. An effective multifaceted implementation strategy is highly desirable to combat the emerging burden of hypertension.
Synthesis and Empirical Analysis of the Thermophysical Characteristics of GO-Ag Aqueous Hybrid Nanofluid Using Environmentally Friendly Reducing and Stabilizing Agents
Authors: Armstrong M. , Sivasubramanian M. , Selvapalam N. , Pavitra R. , Rajesh Kanna P. , Lenin Haiter
Published: October 2023

The remarkable potential of the carbon allotrope graphene and its derivatives in developing hybrid nanofluids has sparked considerable interest among researchers. These carbon nanoparticles offer excellent opportunities to blend with various metal or metal oxide nanoparticle binders to improve their material properties. This study focuses on investigating the synthesis, characterization, and thermophysical properties of silver- (Ag-) infused GO aqueous hybrid nanofluids with various weight percentages (0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 wt.%) using environmentally friendly reducing and stabilizing agents. Characterization of the hybrid nanofluids was performed using XRD, SEM, EDX, a UV-visible spectrometer, a particle size analyzer, and FTIR techniques. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of the GO-Ag hybrid nanofluids were experimentally determined in the temperature range of 293 K–333 K. Notably, the results indicated that the nanofluids with a concentration of 0.1 wt.% exhibited the most significant enhancement in thermal conductivity, with improvements of 15.22% at 293 K and 31.19% at 333 K compared to the base fluid. A mathematical model was developed based on the thermal conductivity experimental results using the response surface methodology (RSM). Overall, the results suggest that the silver nanoparticles-decorated aqueous graphene oxide hybrid nanofluid has promising potential as an innovative heat transfer fluid in various heat transfer applications.
The Moral Dimensions of Family Caregiving for Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sarradon-Eck Aline , Mathiot Aurelia , Holmes Seth M. , Gilbert Elise , Capodano Géraldine , Proux Aurélien
Published: October 2023

Background. Family caregivers in charge of patients with advanced cancer play an essential role. The psychosocial cost of these caregiving activities has been studied, and psychosocial interventions have been developed to improve the quality of life of family caregivers. A deeper understanding of caregivers’ burden is essential in order to enhance the benefits of these interventions. The aim of this study was to explore the socioeconomic and cultural factors responsible for shaping the complex personal experience of family caregiving and to analyse the moral dimensions of the caring experience so as to understand its effects on family caregivers more clearly. Materials and Methods. A qualitative study based on in-depth interviews was conducted with patients with advanced cancer (n = 20) and their family caregivers (n = 19) from 2017 to 2020. These interviews were analysed using an inductive approach and an iterative procedure. A thematic analysis was then performed using Tronto’s “ethic of care” framework in order to identify the various levels of responsibility and the relationships and effects involved. Results. Providing patients with advanced cancer with informal care is highly valuable work requiring various moral qualities, including attentiveness, responsibility, competence, and responsiveness. The mental load resulting from the moral aspects of care results from the cumulative effects of carers’ attentiveness and the responsibilities they have taken on. Conclusion. The present findings could guide healthcare professionals to develop best practice resources and guidelines in order to alleviate the hitherto underestimated effects of caring and promote a coordinated public health approach addressing the needs of caregivers. These efforts are particularly important as contemporary health policies tend to promote the shift from inpatient to outpatient treatment, which increases the importance of informal caregiving and the burden involved.
Effect of Pretreatments on Releasing of Bound Phenolics from Dried Bamboo Shoots during Simulated In Vitro Colonic Fermentation
Authors: Xiao Jianping , Li Anping , Tang Yumei , Cheng Hexingzi , Yang Pei , Liu Hanze
Published: October 2023

Salt-dried bamboo shoots (SDBS), steamed dried bamboo shoots (TDBS), fumigation-dried bamboo shoots (UDBS), and fermentation-dried bamboo shoots (FDBS) are four popular types of dried bamboo shoots (DBS) enjoyed by Chinese people. In this work, we aimed at investigating the release pattern of bound phenolics from DBS prepared by different processes on simulated in vitro colonic fermentation. The results showed that nine phenolic compounds were identified from DBS, including seven phenolic acids and two flavonoids. Also, the contents of chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid were higher. Among the four types of DBS, FDBS exhibited the highest release of bound phenolics during colonic fermentation, with a value of 3.619 mg GAE/g DW. In addition, all the DBS produced four short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), with the highest content of acetic acid at 7.721 mmol/L, followed by propionic acid and valeric acid, and the lowest content of butyric acid at only 0.023 mmol/L, along with a gradual decrease in their cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents. Concurrently, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) observation images showed that reduced red fluorescence exhibited a decrease in bound phenolics content, while reduced green fluorescence indicated a decrease in fiber content. A significant positive correlation (

P

 < 0.05) was observed between the release of bound phenolics and total SCFA production during colonic fermentation of SDBS, TDBS, UDBS, and FDBS, with correlation coefficients of 0.632, 0.844, 0.717, and 0.916, respectively, and a significant negative correlation (

P

 < 0.05) with the IC50 values for the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with correlation coefficients of −0.643, −0.613, −0.823, and −0.839, respectively. The four DBS were ranked in descending order of bound phenolic release, SCFA production, dietary fiber reduction, and inhibitory activity associated with the metabolic syndrome: FDBS, TDBS, SDBS, and UDBS. DBS released large amounts of bound phenolics and produced SCFAs during colonic fermentation, which might be potentially beneficial for maintaining intestinal microbiota balance.
Improving Knowledge Base Updates with CAIA: A Method Utilizing Capsule Network and Attentive Intratriplet Association Features
Authors: Qiu Jingxiong , Sun Linfu , Han Min
Published: October 2023

The ongoing and effective application of the knowledge base hinges on the dynamic updating of the knowledge base, which, in turn, depends on the accurate verification of triplets. Current methods struggle to manage unknown new entities and relations or have issues with relation characterization. This paper presents a novel approach to enhance the precision and efficiency of triplet verification during the knowledge base update process, utilizing a combination of a capsule network and an innovative feature known as the capsule network and attentive intratriplet association (CAIA). The method initially draws comprehensive triplet features from both structural and textual data. Following this, association attention values between entities and relations are derived and included with the triplet features as association features. A two‐layer capsule network is then used to score the triplets. Experimental results demonstrate that the CAIA method outperforms established baseline methods in three key metrics—H@1, H@3, and mean reciprocal rank (MRR) on FB15k‐237‐OWE+ and DBPedia50k+ datasets—showing its superior accuracy for entities, and the average increase was about 2.8%. It also excels in relation accuracy, showing the best results for the three metrics of mean rank, H@1, and MRR on both datasets, and the average improvement was about 9.1%. Additionally, more optimal parameter values in the current experimental environment are identified by comparing the effects of the different neuron numbers and capsule numbers. Based on the above research, this paper fills the research gap of deep learning in knowledge base updating.
Neutrophil Elastase Remodels Mammary Tumors to Facilitate Lung Metastasis
Authors: Lulla Amriti R. , Akli Said , Karakas Cansu , Caruso Joseph A. , Warma Lucas D. , Fowlkes Natalie W. , Rao Xiayu , Wang Jing , Hunt Kelly K. , Watowich Stephanie S. , Keyomarsi Khandan
Published: October 2023

Metastatic disease remains the leading cause of death due to cancer, yet the mechanism(s) of metastasis and its timely detection remain to be elucidated. Neutrophil elastase (NE), a serine protease secreted by neutrophils, is a crucial mediator of chronic inflammation and tumor progression. In this study, we used the PyMT model (NE+/+ and NE−/−) of breast cancer to interrogate the tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms by which NE can promote metastasis. Our results showed that genetic ablation of NE significantly reduced lung metastasis and improved metastasis-free survival. RNA-sequencing analysis of primary tumors indicated differential regulation of tumor-intrinsic actin cytoskeleton signaling pathways by NE. These NE-regulated pathways are critical for cell-to-cell contact and motility and consistent with the delay in metastasis in NE−/− mice. To evaluate whether pharmacologic inhibition of NE inhibited pulmonary metastasis and phenotypically mimicked PyMT NE−/− mice, we utilized AZD9668, a clinically available and specific NE inhibitor. We found AZD9668 treated PyMT-NE+/+ mice showed significantly reduced lung metastases, improved recurrence-free, metastasis-free and overall survival, and their tumors showed similar molecular alterations as those observed in PyMT-NE−/− tumors. Finally, we identified a NE-specific signature that predicts recurrence and metastasis in patients with breast cancer. Collectively, our studies suggest that genetic ablation and pharmacologic inhibition of NE reduces metastasis and extends survival of mouse models of breast cancer, providing rationale to examine NE inhibitors as a treatment strategy for the clinical management of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Supplementary Video 2 from GABA Regulates Electrical Activity and Tumor Initiation in Melanoma
Authors: Tagore Mohita , Hergenreder Emiliano , Perlee Sarah C. , Cruz Nelly M. , Menocal Laura , Suresh Shruthy , Chan Eric , Baron Maayan , Melendez Stephanie , Dave Asim , Chatila Walid K. , Nsengimana Jeremie , Koche Richard P. , Hollmann Travis J. , Ideker Trey , Studer Lorenz , Schietinger Andrea , White Richard M.
Published: October 2023

3D rendering of melanoma/switched keratinocyte contacts and stained vesicles in human melanoma/keratinocyte co-cultures
Supplementary Video 1 from GABA Regulates Electrical Activity and Tumor Initiation in Melanoma
Authors: Tagore Mohita , Hergenreder Emiliano , Perlee Sarah C. , Cruz Nelly M. , Menocal Laura , Suresh Shruthy , Chan Eric , Baron Maayan , Melendez Stephanie , Dave Asim , Chatila Walid K. , Nsengimana Jeremie , Koche Richard P. , Hollmann Travis J. , Ideker Trey , Studer Lorenz , Schietinger Andrea , White Richard M.
Published: October 2023

3D rendering of melanoma/keratinocyte contacts in zebrafish embryos
Table S7 from Early-Stage Breast Cancer Detection in Breast Milk
Authors: Saura Cristina , Ortiz Carolina , Matito Judit , Arenas Enrique J. , Suñol Anna , Martín Ágatha , Córdoba Octavi , Martínez-Sabadell Alex , García-Ruiz Itziar , Miranda Ignacio , Morales-Comas Clara , Carrasco Estela , Viaplana Cristina , Peg Vicente , Nuciforo Paolo , Bayó-Puxan Neus , Gonzalez-Medina Alberto , Miquel Josep M. , Gómez-Rey Marina , Villacampa Guillermo , Arévalo Silvia , Espinosa-Bravo Martín , Balmaña Judith , Dienstmann Rodrigo , Arribas Joaquin , Tabernero Josep , Vivancos Ana , Sansó Miriam
Published: October 2023

Sensitivity of the BM ctDNA detection assays.
Figure S4 from Inhibition of METTL3 Results in a Cell-Intrinsic Interferon Response That Enhances Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Guirguis Andrew A. , Ofir-Rosenfeld Yaara , Knezevic Kathy , Blackaby Wesley , Hardick David , Chan Yih-Chih , Motazedian Ali , Gillespie Andrea , Vassiliadis Dane , Lam Enid Y.N. , Tran Kevin , Andrews Byron , Harbour Michael E. , Vasiliauskaite Lina , Saunders Claire J. , Tsagkogeorga Georgia , Azevedo Aleksandra , Obacz Joanna , Pilka Ewa S. , Carkill Marie , MacPherson Laura , Wainwright Elanor N. , Liddicoat Brian , Blyth Benjamin J. , Albertella Mark R. , Rausch Oliver , Dawson Mark A.
Published: October 2023

Nanopore workflow
Data from Which Small Molecule? Selecting Chemical Probes for Use in Cancer Research and Target Validation
Authors: Mader Mary M. , Rudolph Joachim , Hartung Ingo V. , Uehling David , Workman Paul , Zuercher William
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Small-molecule chemical “probes” complement the use of molecular biology techniques to explore, validate, and generate hypotheses on the function of proteins in diseases such as cancer. Unfortunately, the poor selection and use of small-molecule reagents can lead to incorrect conclusions. Here, we illustrate examples of poor chemical tools and suggest best practices for the selection, validation, and use of high-quality chemical probes in cancer research. We also note the complexity associated with tools for novel drug modalities, exemplified by protein degraders, and provide advice and resources to facilitate the independent identification of appropriate small-molecule probes by researchers.
Significance:
Validation of biological targets and pathways will be aided by a shared understanding of the criteria of potency, selectivity, and target engagement associated with small-molecule reagents (“chemical probes”) that enable that work. Interdisciplinary collaboration between cancer biologists, medicinal chemists, and chemical biologists and the awareness of available resources will reduce misleading data generation and interpretation, strengthen data robustness, and improve productivity in academic and industrial research.
Supplementary Table 6 from Chromatin Accessibility Landscape of Human Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines Reveals Variation by Patient Donor Ancestry
Authors: Harris Alexandra R. , Panigrahi Gatikrushna , Liu Huaitian , Koparde Vishal N. , Bailey-Whyte Maeve , Dorsey Tiffany H. , Yates Clayton C. , Ambs Stefan
Published: October 2023

Supplementary table 6 displaying data output from differential gene expression analysis performed on RNA-seq data from TNBC cell lines.
Supplementary Table 5 from Chromatin Accessibility Landscape of Human Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines Reveals Variation by Patient Donor Ancestry
Authors: Harris Alexandra R. , Panigrahi Gatikrushna , Liu Huaitian , Koparde Vishal N. , Bailey-Whyte Maeve , Dorsey Tiffany H. , Yates Clayton C. , Ambs Stefan
Published: October 2023

Supplementary table 5 displaying data output from differential ATAC signal performed on ATAC-seq data from TNBC cell lines.
Bird checklist and contributions to conservation of the Atlantic forest-cerrado ecotone in Três Lagoas municipality, Brazil
Authors: Posso Sérgio Roberto , Godoi Maurício Neves , Faxina Claudenice , Gabriel Vagner de Araújo , Souza Lys Pereira de , Godoy Fernando Igor de , Villegas-Vallejos Marcelo Alejandro , Cintra Luiz Arthur de Carvalho
Published: October 2023

Although Três Lagoas municipality is located in a rare and highly fragmented Atlantic Forest-Cerrado ecotone, there is scarcity of biodiversity data to guide conservation decisions. Therefore, this study aimed to compile the first bird checklist in 31 localities in this municipality to propose conservation strategies based on avian richness, conservation and migratory status. A total of 419 bird species were recorded, of which 412 were exclusive to the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado ecotone and seven to the Cerrado domain (C. minor, L. xenopterus, P. unicinctus, T. curucui, S. pileata, S. melanopis and S. luteola). According to the results, 12 species are included in the Near Threatened category, four are vulnerable (C. fasciolata, L. xenopterus, A. tricolor and S. hypoxantha) and one is endangered (U. coronata). Regarding migratory birds, 112 were recorded (95 intracontinental, 17 intercontinental). Since the majority of these species are recorded in grasslands, aquatic habitats and Seasonal Deciduous Alluvial Forest, they necessarily have highest priority for conservation and restoration. Thus, we recommend that: (1) areas 2, 11 and 24 be considered as both Important Bird Area and “Area de Proteção Ambiental”; (2) riparian forest restoration along the Paraná river act as a local ecological corridor among these areas, allowing the recolonization, genetic exchange and restoration of locally reduced populations of migratory and near/threatened bird species.
Embodied, Everyday Systemic Design - A Pragmatist
Perspective
Authors: Vink Josina
Published: October 2023

Systemic design is gaining popularity as an emerging professional design practice that works to address complex societal problems. This elitist view of systemic design reinforces the difficulty of grappling with complexity and the need for specialized design knowledge, skills, and methods to do so. Such an understanding emphasizes the power of the designer, feeds the underlying business model through which systemic design is bought and sold in a capitalist market, and limits its transformative potential. Taking a pragmatist perspective of systemic design, this article brings forward an alternative view of systemic design as an embodied, everyday experience of shaping social structures amid communities. It repositions systemic design as a pervasive, mundane, and pluralistic practice central to autonomous communities. The article calls for an emphasis on cultivating the reflexivity of collectives so that people can continue to shape their own worlds in respectful relations with others.
Pre-Reflection-in-Action: Rethinking Schön's Reflective Practice Through the “Habits of Design Artistry”
Authors: Eklund Anna Rylander , Dixon Brian , Wegener Frithjof
Published: October 2023

This article examines Donald Schön's positioning of reflective practice in relation to design. In particular, the focus is directed toward his presentation of the acting–thinking relationship. Questioning this presentation we turn to the work of philosopher John Dewey, who acted as one of Schön's key inspirational sources. Here, we consider Dewey's presentation of thought-in-action, artistry, and importantly, habit. We argue that a wider referencing of this material—most especially the art–habits relationship—holds the potential to expand the Schönian presentation of design, providing the field with a more nuanced modeling of what it means both to design and to become a designer.
Releasing Urban Religion beyond the City Wall: The Spatial Capital of Early Buddhist Monasticism in NW South Asia
Authors: Iori Elisa
Published: October 2023

This paper examines the complexity of the entanglement between rural and urban space in historic South Asia through the lens of urban religion. The article is organized in two stages. First, ancient literature and archaeological evidence are used to rethink the centrality of the agrarian space in the formation and development of ancient cities and urban religions in South Asia. Second, by using the concept of spatial capital as an analytical tool I examine how the geographical assets held by Buddhist monastic institutions in the countryside affected the economic and social mobility of urban actors in the city. This second section uses the ancient city of Barikot (Swat, Pakistan) during the first three centuries of the Common Era as a case study. On this ground, I argue a direct connection between the prominent role of the saṃgha in the transformation of social, economic, and political aspects of the ancient urban society in South Asia and its ability to master geographical space and relativize distances.
Meditative Listening in the Pāli Buddhist Canon
Authors: Giustarini Giuliano
Published: October 2023

This article addresses the intersection of the oral tradition with textual contents in Pāli Buddhist literature, by focusing mostly on the Suttapiṭaka. Lexicon and stylistic features can be seen as intentional strategies to enhance specific mnemonic and meditative qualities in the disciples, thus working symbiotically with the instructions they convey. By examining selected passages, I will demonstrate a functional interrelationship of three main factors: the lexicon of listening, the emphasis on attention, and meditative instructions. These three factors, in turn, rely upon the authoritative power of the scriptures, which is constructed and reinforced with specific rhetorical stratagems to raise and enhance meditative qualities in the disciples.
Facilitating Buddhism through Portable Absolution
Authors: Lim Young-ae
Published: October 2023

This article is a study on the miniature clay Buddha tablets and stupas collected by the Ōtani Expedition presently at the National Museum of Korea. Similar examples were found in the Dunhuang cave temples, Buddhist stupas of Xi Xia, and through English and American expeditions of the early twentieth century. A comparative study establishes the functions and characteristics unique to the Ōtani clay tablets and stupas. Such artifacts were once believed to absolve the transgressions of the dead or commissioner, while also allowing one to accumulate merits for an improved afterlife. Well-suited for Buddhist missionary work, these tablets and stupas were produced in all regions where Buddhism was prevalent. Though small and made from a modest material, the miniature clay tablets and stupas represent an important genre of Buddhist art that expresses the universal role of religious art.
Self-Rooted Belonging and “Pleasing Dislocations”
Authors: Abdali Zainab
Published: October 2023

This paper examines the interplay of religion, nationalism, and Muslim womanhood in the work of Pakistani-American artist Shahzia Sikander. Specifically, I examine how Sikander’s work grapples with the problem of home and belonging for South Asian Muslim women in the face of religious, cultural, and nationalist discourses. These discourses characterize women as perpetual outsiders to the nation and as potential threats to the religion, while also objectifying women as symbols of purity whose bodies and sexuality must be strictly policed. For Muslim women in diaspora, the rhetoric and policies of the War on Terror compound this sense of unbelonging by characterizing Muslim women as potential threats to homeland security and as “the enemy within” due to their actual or perceived religious identity.
Cultural Change versus Adaptability? The Ascendance of the Christian God within Zo Traditional Cosmology
Authors: Pau Pum Khan , Mung Thang Sian
Published: October 2023

This paper examines the endeavors of Christian missions seeking converts from an indigenous society. It places the concept of “cultural change”, often promoted by Christian missions, against the concept of “cultural adaptability”. Taking the case of the Zo people of the India-Burma borderlands, this paper argues that the ascendance of the Christian God within a traditional Zo cosmology was not simply an outcome of missionary endeavors. Rather, the stringent efforts of the missionaries, who sought to missionize by opening the “hearts and minds” of the native people through the tools of education and health services, faced serious challenges and opposition from the indigenous Pau Cin Hau movement. However, it was the attack on the lesser spirits by the indigenous movement which paved the way for the Christian God to be easily fitted into the upper tier of the traditional cosmology, and consequently led to the spread of Christianity.