bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MUC13 contributes to rewiring of glucose metabolism in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kumari Sonam , Khan Sheema , Gupta Subash C. , Kashyap Vivek K. , Yallapu Murali M. , Chauhan Subhash C. , Jaggi Meena
Published: February 2018

Pancreatic tumors are rewired for high-glucose metabolism and typically present with exceptionally poor prognosis. Recently, we have shown that MUC13, which is highly expressed in pancreatic tumors, promotes tumor progression via modulation of HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase activity. Herein, we investigate a novel, MUC13-mediated molecular mechanism responsible for higher glucose metabolism in pancreatic tumors. Our results demonstrate that MUC13 expression leads to the activation/nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and phosphorylation of IκB, which in turn upregulates the expression of important proteins (Glut-1, c-Myc, and Bcl-2) that are involved in glucose metabolism. MUC13 functionally interacts and stabilizes Glut-1 to instigate downstream events responsible for higher glucose uptake in pancreatic cancer cells. Altered MUC13 expression by overexpression and knockdown techniques effectively modulated glucose uptake, lactate secretion, and metastatic phenotypes in pancreatic cancer cells. NF-κB inhibitor, Sulfasalazine, abrogates the MUC13 and Glut-1 interaction, and attenuates events associated with MUC13-induced glucose metabolism. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patient tissue samples also show a positive correlation between the expression of these two proteins. These results delineate how MUC13 rewire aberrant glucose metabolism to enhance aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer and revealed a novel mechanism to develop newer therapeutic strategies for this exceptionally difficult cancer.
Energy harvesting textiles for a rainy day: woven piezoelectrics based on melt-spun PVDF microfibres with a conducting core
Authors: Lund Anja , Rundqvist Karin , Nilsson Erik , Yu Liyang , Hagström Bengt , Müller Christian
Published: February 2018

Recent advances in ubiquitous low-power electronics call for the development of light-weight and flexible energy sources. The textile format is highly attractive for unobtrusive harvesting of energy from e.g., biomechanical movements. Here, we report the manufacture and characterisation of fully textile piezoelectric generators that can operate under wet conditions. We use a weaving loom to realise textile bands with yarns of melt-spun piezoelectric microfibres, that consist of a conducting core surrounded by β-phase poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), in the warp direction. The core-sheath constitution of the piezoelectric microfibres results in a—for electronic textiles—unique architecture. The inner electrode is fully shielded from the outer electrode (made up of conducting yarns that are integrated in the weft direction) which prevents shorting under wet conditions. As a result, and in contrast to other energy harvesting textiles, we are able to demonstrate piezoelectric fabrics that do not only continue to function when in contact with water, but show enhanced performance. The piezoelectric bands generate an output of several volts at strains below one percent. We show that integration into the shoulder strap of a laptop case permits the continuous generation of four microwatts of power during a brisk walk. This promising performance, combined with the fact that our solution uses scalable materials and well-established industrial manufacturing methods, opens up the possibility to develop wearable electronics that are powered by piezoelectric textiles.
Chaihulonggumulitang Shows Psycho-cardiology Therapeutic Effects on Acute Myocardial Infarction by Enhancing Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mobilization
Authors: Wang Chao , Du Hongsen , Hou Jiqiu , Yan Shasha , Yang Jingjing , Wang Yun , Zhang Xiujing , Zhu Lili , Zhao Haibin
Published: February 2018

Ischemic myocardium initiates the mobilization and homing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) to promote myocardial regeneration after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Inflammation caused by necrotic cardiomyocytes induce major pathological changes (cardiac remodeling and myocardial apoptosis) as well as anxiety disorder. This process may be inhibited by the differentiation and paracrine effects of BM-MSCs. However, the spontaneous mobilization of BMSCs is insufficient to prevent this effect. Given the anti-inflammatory effects of BM-MSCs, ventricular remodeling and anxiety following AMI, methods focused on enhancing BMSCs mobilization are promising. BFG is a classical traditional Chinese prescription medicine and has been proved effective in treating AMI and reducing anxiety, but the potential mechanism of its function remains unknown. In the present study, we explored the effects of Chaihulonggumulitang (BFG) on AMI and anxiety in vivo and in vitro. We also tested its effects in promoting BMSCs mobilization and alleviating inflammation. Our data showed that the classical Chinese prescription BFG promoted BM-MSCs mobilization, inhibited inflammatory response, and improved heart damage and anxiety developed from AMI. Thus, we provided an underlying mechanism of BFG function in psycho-cardiology conditions such as AMI.
Rational Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyrimidine-4,6-diamine derivatives as Type-II inhibitors of FLT3 Selective Against c-KIT
Authors: Bharate Jaideep B. , McConnell Nicholas , Naresh Gunaganti , Zhang Lingtian , Lakkaniga Naga Rajiv , Ding Lucky , Shah Neil P. , Frett Brendan , Li Hong-yu
Published: February 2018

FMS-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 (FLT3) is a clinically validated target for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Inhibitors targeting FLT3 have been evaluated in clinical studies and have exhibited potential to treat FLT3-driven AML. A frequent, clinical limitation is FLT3 selectivity, as concomitant inhibition of FLT3 and c-KIT is thought to cause dose-limiting myelosuppression. Through a rational design approach, novel FLT3 inhibitors were synthesized employing a pyridine/pyrimidine warhead. The most potent compound identified from the studies is compound13a, which exhibited an IC50value of 13.9 ± 6.5 nM against the FLT3 kinase with high selectivity over c-KIT. Mechanism of action studies suggested that13ais a Type-II kinase inhibitor, which was also supported through computer aided drug discovery (CADD) efforts. Cell-based assays identified that13awas potent on a variety of FLT3-driven cell lines with clinical relevance. We report herein the discovery and therapeutic evaluation of 4,6-diamino pyrimidine-based Type-II FLT3 inhibitors, which can serve as a FLT3-selective scaffold for further clinical development.
Sunlight-driven eco-friendly smart curtain based on infrared responsive graphene oxide-polymer photoactuators
Authors: Leeladhar  , Raturi Parul , Singh J. P.
Published: February 2018

Photomechanical actuation is the conversion of light energy into mechanical energy through some smart materials. Infrared-responsive smart materials have become an emerging field of research due to easy availability and eco-friendly nature of their stimulus in the form of sunlight, which contains about 50% of near-infrared(nIR) making these materials useful at macro-scale photoactuator applications. Here, we demonstrate fabrication of highly versatile nIR triggered photoactuators based on graphene oxide/polycarbonate bilayers that offers fast, low-cost fabrication, large deflection, reversible actuation and wavelength-selective response. The photoactuators are realized by vacuum filtration of graphene oxide/water dispersion through polycarbonate membrane resulting graphene oxide/polymer bilayer structure. The photoactuation response was measured in the form of deflection from equilibrium position as a result of infrared-irradiation. The deflection is caused by the generated thermal stress at the interface of bilayers due to mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient as a results of nIR absorption by graphene oxide and subsequent temperature rise. A maximum deflection of 12 mm (circular-shaped structure with diameter 28 mm) with corresponding bending curvature of 0.33 cm−1 was shown by this photoactuator for illumination intensity of 106 mW/cm2. Few applications of these photoactuators such as sunlight-driven smart curtain, infrared actuated curtain and self-folding box are also demonstrated
Potential effects of ultraviolet radiation reduction on tundra nitrous oxide and methane fluxes in maritime Antarctica
Authors: Bao Tao , Zhu Renbin , Wang Pei , Ye Wenjuan , Ma Dawei , Xu Hua
Published: February 2018

Stratospheric ozone has begun to recover in Antarctica since the implementation of the Montreal Protocol. However, the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on tundra greenhouse gas fluxes are rarely reported for Polar Regions. In the present study, tundra N2O and CH4fluxes were measured under the simulated reduction of UV radiation in maritime Antarctica over the last three-year summers. Significantly enhanced N2O and CH4emissions occurred at tundra sites under the simulated reduction of UV radiation. Compared with the ambient normal UV level, a 20% reduction in UV radiation increased tundra emissions by an average of 8 μg N2O m−2h−1and 93 μg CH4m−2h−1, whereas a 50% reduction in UV radiation increased their emissions by an average of 17 μg N2O m−2h−1and 128 μg CH4m−2h−1. No statistically significant correlation (P > 0.05) was found between N2O and CH4fluxes and soil temperature, soil moisture, total carbon, total nitrogen, NO3−-N and NH4+-N contents. Our results confirmed that UV radiation intensity is an important factor affecting tundra N2O and CH4fluxes in maritime Antarctica. Exclusion of the effects of reduced UV radiation might underestimate their budgets in Polar Regions with the recovery of stratospheric ozone.
Biosensing strategies based on enzymatic reactions and nanoparticles
Authors: Díez-Buitrago Beatriz , Briz Nerea , Liz-Marzán Luis M. , Pavlov Valeri
Published: February 2018

Application of new nanomaterials to detection of enzymatic activities allows the development of new sensitive and selective bioanalytical assays based on enzymes for recognition and signal amplification.
Ni-introduced CuAu nanocages: facile co-reduction synthesis of a novel magnetic multi-metallic nanostructure with high peroxidase mimetic activity
Authors: Liu Chang , Li Li , Su Qianqian , Wu Feng , Dong Jian , Qian Weiping
Published: February 2018

We design a simple route for the synthesis of novel octahedral Ni-introduced CuAu nanocages via a mild co-reduction process. Experiments showed that the as-prepared magnetic multi-metallic nanocages could be used as an efficient recyclable peroxidase-like catalyst.
Precision and correctness in the evaluation of electrocatalytic water splitting: revisiting activity parameters with a critical assessment
Authors: Anantharaj S. , Ede S. R. , Karthick K. , Sam Sankar S. , Sangeetha K. , Karthik P. E. , Kundu Subrata
Published: February 2018

To avoid unnoticed errors made by researchers who are working in the area of nanostructured materials for water splitting, the correct and precise use of evaluation parameters is discussed in detail, stating their acceptability and validity.
A glassy carbon electrode modified by a triply-fused-like Co(ii) polyporphine and its ability for sulphite oxidation and detection
Authors: Rolle Sébastien D. , Devillers Charles H. , Fournier Sophie , Heintz Olivier , Gibault Hervé , Lucas Dominique
Published: February 2018

An original Co(ii) porphyrin conductive polymer is electrosynthesized which efficiently catalyzes sulphite oxidation in water offering opportunities for sensor development.
The effect of Eu doping on the growth, structure and red-ox activity of ceria nanocubes
Authors: Bezkrovnyi Oleksii , Małecka Małgorzata A. , Lisiecki Radoslaw , Ostroushko Volodymyr , Thomas Andrew G. , Gorantla Sandeep , Kepinski Leszek
Published: February 2018

The ordering of oxygen vacancies (in high Eu-doped (x ≥ 0.1) ceria nanoparticles) facilitates the process of Ce4+ to Ce3+ reduction.
Correction: Relative costs of transporting electrical and chemical energy
Authors: Saadi Fadl H. , Lewis Nathan S. , McFarland Eric W.
Published: February 2018

Correction for ‘Relative costs of transporting electrical and chemical energy’ by Fadl H. Saadi et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c7ee01987d.
The inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) RNAse inhibitor, 4µ8C, is also a potent cellular antioxidant
Authors: Chan Stanley M.H. , Lowe Mark P. , Bernard Ashton , Miller Alyson A. , Herbert Terence P.
Published: February 2018

Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-transmembrane endonuclease that is activated in response to ER stress as part of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Chronic activation of the UPR has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many common diseases including diabetes, cancer, and neurological pathologies such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease. 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromene-8-carbaldehyde (4µ8C) is widely used as a specific inhibitor of IRE1α ribonuclease activity (IC50 of 6.89 µM in cultured cells). However, in this paper, we demonstrate that 4µ8C acts as a potent reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, both in a cell-free assay and in cultured cells, at concentrations lower than that widely used to inhibit IRE1α activity. In vitro we show that, 4µ8C effectively decreases xanthine/xanthine oxidase catalysed superoxide production with an IC50 of 0.2 µM whereas in cultured endothelial and clonal pancreatic β-cells, 4µ8C inhibits angiotensin II-induced ROS production with IC50 values of 1.92 and 0.29 µM, respectively. In light of this discovery, conclusions reached using 4µ8C as an inhibitor of IRE1α should be carefully evaluated. However, this unexpected off-target effect of 4µ8C may prove therapeutically advantageous for the treatment of pathologies that are thought to be caused by, or exacerbated by, both oxidative and ER stress such as endothelial dysfunction and/or diabetes.
Technique for inrush current modelling of power transformers based on core saturation analysis
Authors: Moradi Arash , Madani Seyed M
Published: February 2018

Energising a power transformer may cause inrush current, which misleads the protection systems. Therefore, the inrush current analysis is important in designing and protecting power transformers. The non‐linear behaviour of transformer core saturation makes this analysis difficult. Thus, several researches try to model the core saturation and inrush current. This study presents a new technique based on core flux analysis to develop an equivalent circuit for power transformer during inrush current. For this purpose, a new λ –i equivalent circuit is proposed for saturated core transformer by transformation of conventional v –i circuit. This λ –i equivalent circuit clearly shows the effect of parameters on transformer saturation and inrush current; and provides a powerful insight into these phenomena. Moreover, new equations are developed which can predict inrush current and core‐flux envelopes. The predicted waveforms can be compared with measured transformer current to detect transformer internal‐fault during inrush current, which is a challenge in transformer protection. This model and the equations are compared with the recorded inrush current waveform of a real transformer, and simulation results. These comparisons verify the efficiency of the model and accuracy of the equations.
Generalised pareto distribution‐based Bayesian compressed sensing inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging
Authors: Cheng Ping , Zhao Jiaqun
Published: February 2018

The widely used distributions in Bayesian compressed sensing (BCS) inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging do not support stable linear dimensionality reduction, and the compressibility of the recently proposed distributions is hard to be proved theoretically. However, generalised pareto distribution (GPD) can overcome these shortcomings. So a GPD‐based ISAR imaging method has been proposed. Interestingly, shape parameter can be set to a small value directly based on mathematical proof in one kind of GPD‐Meridian distribution, which is totally different from the existing methods. It not only simplifies the method but also improves the sparsity of the solution. It has been proved that the proposed method now is equal to the log‐sum minimisation, which verifies the correctness of the parameter selecting algorithm. Compared with the conventional methods, the new method can recover signals with fewer measurements or in looser sparsity conditions or with smaller recovery errors. When applied into simulated and real ISAR data imaging, the proposed method has obtained better images than the conventional methods. Therefore, the proposed method is a promising imaging method in BCS ISAR imaging.
Estimation of paper‐moisture in transformer insulation employing dielectric spectroscopy data
Authors: Kumar Alok , Verma Hari Charan , Baral Arijit , Pradhan Arpan Kumar , Chakravorti Sivaji
Published: February 2018

Accurate estimation of paper‐moisture in transformer insulation is necessary for ensuring their satisfactory operation. Paper‐moisture in transformer insulation can be estimated from their corresponding transfer function zero obtained from insulation model that is parameterised using polarisation depolarisation current data. However, paper‐moisture estimated using transfer function zero is less reliable for a new unit. Considering the fact, a method is proposed in this work that can estimate the paper‐moisture with greater accuracy. Instead of using only transfer function zero, tanδ has also been employed for estimating the paper‐moisture. In order to investigate the effectiveness, the proposed technique has first been applied on several test samples in the laboratory. The proposed technique is then applied on few power transformers to estimate their paper‐moisture. Results obtained from the experiment show that this technique can estimate the paper‐moisture content within test samples and power transformer insulation with better accuracy.
A revised distance to IRAS 16293-2422 from VLBA astrometry of associated water masers
Authors: Dzib S. A. , Ortiz-León G. N. , Hernández-Gómez A. , Loinard L. , Mioduszewski A. J. , Claussen M. , Menten K. M. , Caux E. , Sanna A.
Published: February 2018

IRAS 16293-2422 is a very well-studied young stellar system seen in projection towards the L1689N cloud in the Ophiuchus complex. However, its distance is still uncertain; there is a range of values from 120 pc to 180 pc. Our goal is to measure the trigonometric parallax of this young star by means of H2O maser emission. We use archival data from 15 epochs of VLBA observations of the 22.2 GHz water maser line. By modeling the displacement on the sky of the H2O maser spots, we derived a trigonometric parallax of 7.1 ± 1.3 mas, corresponding to a distance of 141−21+30 pc. This new distance is in good agreement with recent values obtained for other magnetically active young stars in the L1689 cloud. We relate the kinematics of these masers with the outflows and the recent ejections powered by source A in the system.
Developing Energy Technology Course for Undergraduate Engineering Management Study Program in Lake Toba Area with Particular Focus to Sustainable Energy Systems in Development Context
Authors: Manik Yosef , Sinaga Rizal , Saragi Hadi
Published: February 2018

Undergraduate Engineering Management Study Program of Institut Teknologi Del is one of the pioneers for its field in Indonesia. Located in Lake Toba Area, this study program has a mission to provide high quality Engineering Management education that produces globally competitive graduates who in turn will contribute to local development. Framing the Energy Technology course—one of the core subjects in Engineering Management Body of Knowledge—in the context of sustainable development of Lake Toba Area is very essential. Thus, one particular focus in this course is sustainable energy systems in local development context that incorporates identification and analysis of locally available energy resources. In this paper we present our experience in designing such course. In this work, we introduce the domains that shape the Engineering Management Body of Knowledge. Then, we explain the results of our evaluation on the key considerations to meet the rapidly changing needs of society in local context. Later, we present the framework of the learning outcomes and the syllabus as a result of mapping the road map with the requirement. At the end, the summary from the first two semesters of delivering this course in academic year 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 are reported.
Compressed Natural Gas Technology for Alternative Fuel Power Plants
Authors: Pujotomo Isworo
Published: February 2018

Gas has great potential to be converted into electrical energy. Indonesia has natural gas reserves up to 50 years in the future, but the optimization of the gas to be converted into electricity is low and unable to compete with coal. Gas is converted into electricity has low electrical efficiency (25%), and the raw materials are more expensive than coal. Steam from a lot of wasted gas turbine, thus the need for utilizing exhaust gas results from gas turbine units. Combined cycle technology (Gas and Steam Power Plant) be a solution to improve the efficiency of electricity. Among other Thermal Units, Steam Power Plant (Combined Cycle Power Plant) has a high electrical efficiency (45%). Weakness of the current Gas and Steam Power Plant peak burden still using fuel oil. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Technology may be used to accommodate the gas with little land use. CNG gas stored in the circumstances of great pressure up to 250 bar, in contrast to gas directly converted into electricity in a power plant only 27 bar pressure. Stored in CNG gas used as a fuel to replace load bearing peak. Lawyer System on CNG conversion as well as the power plant is generally only used compressed gas with greater pressure and a bit of land.
Technical Analysis Feasibility Study on Smart Microgrid System in Sekolah Tinggi Teknik PLN
Authors: Suyanto Heri
Published: February 2018

Nowadays application of new and renewable energy as main resource of power plant has greatly increased. High penetration of renewable energy into the grid will influence the quality and reliability of the electricity system, due to the intermittent characteristic of new and renewable energy resources. Smart grid or microgrid technology has the ability to deal with this intermittent characteristic especially if these renewable energy resources integrated to grid in large scale, so it can improve the reliability and efficiency of the grid. We plan to implement smart microgrid system at Sekolah Tinggi Teknik PLN as a pilot project. Before the pilot project start, the feasibility study must be conducted. In this feasibility study, the renewable energy resources and load characteristic at the site will be measured. Then the technical aspect of this feasibility study will be analyzed. This paper explains that analysis of ths feasibility study.
Enhancing Biodiesel from Kemiri Sunan Oil Manufacturing using Ultrasonics
Authors: Supriyadi Slamet , Purwanto Purwanto , Dwi anggoro Didi , Hermawan
Published: February 2018

Kemiri Sunan (Reutalis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) is a potential plant to be developed as biodiesel feedstock. The advantage of Kemiri Sunan seeds when compared to other biodiesel raw materials is their high oil content. This plant is also very good for land conservation. Due the increasingly demand for biodiesel, research and new methods to increase its biodiesel production continue to be undertaken. The weakness of conventional biodiesel manufacturing process is in the mixing process in which mechanical stirring and heating in the trans-esterification process require more energy and a longer time. A higher and stronger mixing process is required to increase the contact area between the two phases of the mixed substance to produce the emulsion. Ultrasonic is a tool that can be useful for a liquid mixing process that tends to be separated. Ultrasonic waves can cause mixing intensity at the micro level and increase mass transfer, so the reaction can be performed at a much faster rate. This study is to figure out the effect of ultrasonic irradiation on the transesterification process of biodiesel from Kemiri Sunan Oil.
Effectiveness of Nitrification Inhibition on Various Species ofBrachiariaGrass Rhizosphere
Authors: Purwanto  , Supriyadi  , Hindrayani Aniek
Published: February 2018

Nitrification has the potential to decrease the efficiency of nitrogen utilization by plants. The use of nitrifying inhibitory chemicals proved to be effective in controlling nitrification, but also affects beneficial soil microbes. Another attempt to inhibit the more environmentally-friendly nitrification is to use plants that have allelochemical nitrification inhibiting compounds such as the grasses ofBrachiaria. The aim of this research is to know the effectivity ofB.mutica, B.decumbens, andB.humidicolaas inhibitors of nitrification rate in soil. The experiment was carried out by pot experimental method based on nondestructive sampling and Complete Randomized Design, consisting of Brachiaria plant types and various doses of N fertilizer, 100 kg/ha, 150 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha. The results of this study show that 1)B.mutica, B.decumbens, and B.humidicola, highly significant to the soil potential nitrification, but the treatment of various doses of N fertilizer is not significant to the soil potential nitrification. 2) the highest soil potential nitrification inB.muticarhizosphere was 5.160 mg NO2-/g of soil/5h, while the lowest soil potential nitrification in the rhizosphere ofB.humidicolaplant was 0.414 mg NO2-/g/5h. 3) From the four treatment of Brachiaria plants can be concludedB.humidicolaplant more effective in inhibition of nitrification.
Preparation and Characterization of NiMo/Al2O3Catalyst for Hydrocracking Processing
Authors: Widiyadi Aditya , Adil Guspiani Gema , Riady Jeffry , Andreanto Rikky , Dea Chaiunnisa Safina , Widayat Widayat
Published: February 2018

Hydrocracking is a chemical process used in petroleum refineries for converting high boiling hydrocarbons in petroleum crude oils to more valuable lower boiling products such as gasoline, kerosene, and diesel oil that operate at high temperature and pressure. Catalyst was used in hydrocracking to reduce temperature and pressure. Hydrocracking catalyst are composed of active components and support. Alumina is widely used in hydrocracking process as catalyst support due to its high surface area, high thermal stability, and low prices. The objective of this research was preparated NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst that used as hydrocracking catalyst. Catalyst was synthesized by wetness impregnation method and simple heating method with various kind of Al2O3. The physicochemical properties of catalyst were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine type of crystal and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine morphology of the catalyst. The NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst prepared by aluminium potassium sulfate dodecahydrate exhibited the highest crystallinity of 90.23% and it is clear that MoO3 and NiO crystallites are highly dispersed on the NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst which indicates as the best catalyst. The catalytic activity in hydrocracking process was successfully examined to convert fatty acid into hydrocarbon.
Optimization of Chitosan Drying Temperature on The Quality and Quantity of Edible Film
Authors: Sri Wahyuni Endah , Arifan Fahmi
Published: February 2018

Edible film is a thin layer (biodegradable) used to coat food and can be eaten. In addition edible film serves as a vapor transfer inhibitor, inhibits gas exchange, prevents aroma loss, prevents fat transfer, improves physical characteristics, and as an additive carrier. Edible film made of cassava starch, glycerol and chitosan. Cassava starch is used as raw material because it contains 80% starch. Glycerol serves as a plasticizer and chitosan serves to form films and membranes well. The purpose of this research is to know the characteristic test of edible film by using ANOVA analysis, where the variable of drying of the oven is temperature (70°C, 80°C, 90°C) and time for 3 hours and variables change chitosan (2 gr, 3 gr, 4 gr). The result of this research was obtained the most optimum for water content and water resistance in temperature variable 80 °C and chitosan 4 gr. The best edible films and bubbles on temperature variables are 80 °C and chitosan 4 gr.
Application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in Sugar Industries
Authors: Dwi Astuti Arieyanti , Siwi Dwi Astuti Rahayu , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Published: February 2018

Sugar is one of the main commodities that are needed for human life. The demand of sugar is very high with the trend increase from year to year. This condition makes the sugar industry become a leading industry that must be maintained sustainability. The sustainability of the sugar industry is influenced by the use of energy and natural resources and the resulting environmental impacts. Therefore, an effort is needed to analyze the environmental aspects and potential environmental impacts resulting from a product (sugar), by using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). LCA is a very important tool for the analysis of a process/system from its cradle to grave. This technique is very useful in the estimation of energy usage and environmental load of a product/system. This paper aims to describe the main elements of sugar industries using Life Cycle Assessment.
Preliminary Evaluation of Method to Monitor Landfills Resilience against Methane Emission
Authors: Amalia Chusna Noor , Maryono Maryono
Published: February 2018

Methane emission from landfill sites contribute to global warming and un-proper methane treatment can pose an explosion hazard. Stakeholder and government in the cities in Indonesia been found significant difficulties to monitor the resilience of landfill from methane emission. Moreover, the management of methane gas has always been a challenging issue for long waste management service and operations. Landfills are a significant contributor to anthropogenic methane emissions. This study conducted preliminary evaluation of method to manage methane gas emission by assessing LandGem and IPCC method. From the preliminary evaluation, this study found that the IPCC method is based on the availability of current and historical country specific data regarding the waste disposed of in landfills while from the LandGEM method is an automated tool for estimating emission rates for total landfill gas this method account total gas of methane, carbon dioxide and other. The method can be used either with specific data to estimate emissions in the site or default parameters if no site-specific data are available. Both of method could be utilize to monitor the methane emission from landfill site in cities of Central Java.
Use of a germination bioassay to test compost maturity in Tekelan Village
Authors: Oktiawan Wiharyanto , Zaman Badrus , Purwono
Published: February 2018

Livestock waste from cattle farms in Tekelan village, Getasan Subdistrict, Semarang Regency can be grouped into three types, namely solid waste, slurry and waste water. Solid waste (cow dung) was processed into compost, while slurry and waste water were used to make liquid fertilizer. This compost was used as a component of planting media in horticultural crops and potted plants production. We evaluated the toxicity (phytochemical and ecotoxicological) test of compost by using germination index (GI). Vigna radiata seeds are sown on filter paper dampened with compost extract for different times. GI was calculated by relative germination (G) and relative radical length (L). The germination index (GI) = G / G0 x L / L0 x 100, where G0 and L0 are values obtained by distilled water as a control. The results showed that germination bioassay and radical length using aquades and groundwater in Tekelan village did not affect the radical length of Vigna radiata . Technically, groundwater in Tekelan village can be used as a germination bioassay control. The cow dung compost substrate appears to have a major influence on compost toxicity. Mature compost was produced on day 14 with a GI of 104.03.
Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment in Water Treatment Plant considering Environmental Health and Safety Practice
Authors: Falakh Fajrul , Setiani Onny
Published: February 2018

Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is an important infrastructure to ensure human health and the environment. In its development, aspects of environmental safety and health are of concern. This paper case study was conducted at the Water Treatment Plant Company in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Hazard identification and risk assessment is one part of the occupational safety and health program at the risk management stage. The purpose of this study was to identify potential hazards using hazard identification methods and risk assessment methods. Risk assessment is done using criteria of severity and probability of accident. The results obtained from this risk assessment are 22 potential hazards present in the water purification process. Extreme categories that exist in the risk assessment are leakage of chlorine and industrial fires. Chlorine and fire leakage gets the highest value because its impact threatens many things, such as industrial disasters that could endanger human life and the environment. Control measures undertaken to avoid potential hazards are to apply the use of personal protective equipment, but management will also be better managed in accordance with hazard control hazards, occupational safety and health programs such as issuing work permits, emergency response training is required, Very useful in overcoming potential hazards that have been determined.
Measuring Carbon Footprint of Flexible Pavement Construction Project in Indonesia
Authors: Utomo Dwi Hatmoko Jati , Hidayat Arif , Setiawati Apsari , Catur Adi Prasetyo Stefanus
Published: February 2018

Road infrastructure in Indonesia is mainly dominated by flexible pavement type. Its construction process, however, has raised concerns in terms of its environment impacts. This study aims to track and measure the carbon footprint of flexible pavement. The objectives are to map the construction process in relation to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, to quantify them in terms of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) as generated by the process of production and transportation of raw materials, and the operation of plant off-site and on-site project. Data collection was done by having site observations and interviews with project stakeholders. The results show a total emissions of 70.888 tonnes CO2e, consisting of 34.248 tonnes CO2e (48.31%) off-site activities and 36.640 tonnes CO2e (51.687%) on-site activities. The two highest CO2e emissions were generated by the use of plant for asphalt concrete laying activities accounted 34.827 tonnes CO2e (49.130%), and material transportation accounted 24.921 (35.155%). These findings provide a new perspective of the carbon footprint in flexible pavement and suggest the urgent need for the use of more efficient and environmentally friendly plant in construction process as it shows the most significant contribution on the CO2e. This study provides valuable understanding on the environmental impact of typical flexible pavement projects in Indonesia, and further can be used for developing green road framework.
Management to Insulate Ecosystem Services from the Effects of Catchment Development
Authors: Gell Peter
Published: February 2018

Natural ecosystems provide amenity to human populations in the form of ecosystem services. These services are grouped into four broad categories: provisioning – food and water production; regulating – control of climate and disease; supporting – crop pollination; and cultural – spiritual and recreational benefits. Aquatic systems provide considerable service through the provision of potable water, fisheries and aquaculture production, nutrient mitigation and the psychological benefits that accrue from the aesthetic amenity provided from lakes, rivers and other wetlands. Further, littoral and riparian ecosystems, and aquifers, protect human communities from sea level encroachment, and tidal and river flooding. Catchment and water development provides critical resources for human consumption. Where these provisioning services are prioritized over others, the level and quality of production may be impacted. Further, the benefits from these provisioning services comes with the opportunity cost of diminishing regulating, supporting and cultural services. This imbalance flags concerns for humanity as it exceeds recognised safe operating spaces. These concepts are explored by reference to long term records of change in some of the world’s largest river catchments and lessons are drawn that may enable other communities to consider the balance of ecosystems services in natural resource management.
The Environmental Impact Study Of Micro Hydro Power In Pekalongan Indonesia
Authors: Suwarto  , Hadi Sudharto P , Hermawan
Published: February 2018

Curugmuncar II micro hydro power (MHP) located in Petungkriyono sub district is one of three MHPs installed in Pekalongan district. This study aims to analyze the MHP operation environmental impact. The study used qualitative method, with interviews, observations, and material testing. The data used are primary and secondary data. This research was conducted in Curugmuncar Village, Petungkriyono Subdistrict, Pekalongan Regency, Indonesia. MHP has power capacity of 100 KW with power usage of 50 KW. MHP used by 155 users with load capacity 2 A 220 volt AC. The community more used of lights as the houses and street lighting. The MHP operation had several environmental factors such as: sociology, technically feasible, hydrology, physical and chemical water quality, ergonomics, economically feasible, irrigation, clean water supply, government policy, and others. The supporting factors sustainability of MHP were sociology, irrigation, ergonomics, clean water supply, physical and chemical water quality, hydrology, and government policy. The inhibiting factors of MHP operation were technically feasible, economically feasible, and government policy. The results showed that the MHP environment requires a professional management system to achieve the MHP sustainability
Conservation Management of Agriculture Land using Geospatial Approach (A Case Study in the Bone Watershed, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia)
Authors: Maryati Sri , Eraku Sunarty , Kasim Muh
Published: February 2018

Bone Watershed is one of the major watersheds in Gorontalo Province. Bone watershed has a very important role for the people of Gorontalo Province. The role of Bone Watershed is mainly related to the providing clean water, producing oxygen, controlling flood, providing habitat for endemic flora fauna and other environmental functions. The role of Bone Watershed for the community’s economic sector is also very important, the Bone watershed provides livelihood for surrounding communities includes fertile land resources for agriculture and plantations, forest products, and livestock feed. This research is important considering the Bone watershed has limited availability of land for agriculture and the high risk of natural disasters such as floods and landslides. Geospatial data includes topography map, landform map, soil map, integrated with field survey results and soil properties were analized to determine conservation management of agriculture land in the Bone Watershed, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. The result of this study shows that based on soil properties and physical land characteristics, land use for agriculture should consider appropriate conservation techniques, land capability and respect to local wisdom.
Suitability Analysis For Scuba Diving To Develop Marine Tourism At Saebus Island, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Wijaya Putranto , Putra Tri , Hidayat Fatra , Levraeni Chandra , Rizmaadi Mada , Ambariyanto Ambariyanto
Published: February 2018

Indonesian government currently has policies to improve the performance of the tourism sector, including marine tourism. One of the attractions of marine tourism is the coral ecosystem especially through scuba diving activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of the coral ecosystem on Saebus Island, East Java, to find appropriate locations for scuba diving activities. Purposive samplings were done around the island to determine four stations which will be assessed through suitability analysis. Tourism Suitability Index was used to assess all stations for scuba diving activities. The result showed that all four stations were categorized as very suitable with the score: 85%, 85%, 85% and 83%, respectively. Several aspects that need to be improved and anticipated for diving at all stations are coral coverage and water current. These results suggest that there are several spots around Saebus Island that are suitable for diving site, and can be promoted as marine tourism destination.
Diversity of Coral Fish At Saebus Island, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Widya Laksana Putra Tri , Kondang Putranto , Suratman  , Gamelia Larossa , Syahputra Hendry , Rahmadayanti  , Rizmaaadi Mada , Ambariyanto Ambariyanto
Published: February 2018

Coral reef ecosystem is known as an important place to live various types of fish, where coral conditions will affect the diversity and abundance of the fish. In healthy coral reef ecosystems generally can be found many types of fish with high density. This research aims to investigate the diversity and abundance of coral fishes at Saebus Island, East Java. The observation conducted at 4 stations, according to cardinal point by UVS (underwater visual census) methods with belt transect with the visibility of 2,5 m horizontally, and 5 m vertically. The length of transect was 100 m parallel with coastline, with the area of observation is 500 m2. The censuses were conducted at 2 different depths (3 and 10 m). This study found 70 kinds of coral fish originated form 20 family at all stations. These fishes were from 3 different fish categories i.e. 7 target fishes, 13 indicator fishes, and 50 major fishes. Three different fishes that dominated target fish, indicator fish and major fish wereEpinephelus fasciatus, Chaetodon baronessaandAulostomus chinensis,respectively. There was similar value of fish diversity index at two different depths which were 3.635 and 3,623. While uniformity index at the depth of 3m was 0.153 and at 10m was 0.217, and domination index at the depth of 3m was 0.11 and at 10m was 0.167. These values suggest that diversity of coral fish at Saebus island can be categorized as high diversity.
The Profile Quality of Pond In Kendal Regency to Diversification Aquaculture
Authors: Novi Ayuniar Ligar , Wasiq Hidayat Jafron
Published: February 2018

Water quality, particularly coastal areas, is systematically tropogenic. The decline in water quality is caused by industrial waste pollution, soil erosion carried by the river, and the depletion of mangrove areas. The decrease of water quality can affect the fishery cultivation activities that exist in the region. It also affects the quality of the cultivated fish. Fish cultivated in ponds with poor water quality can be harmful to the health of the people who consume the fish. One effort to manage the feasibility of pond waters is by identifying the quality. The purpose of this research is to know the profile of pond water quality and to know the diversity potential of aquaculture. Based on the nature of the problem this research is a field research, while the purpose of this study is descriptive and explanatory research. The method used in this research is research by using survey method. Aquatic profile results are essential to improve the quality and quantity of Fisheries, especially in diversifying fisheries.
Climate Change In Indonesia (Case Study : Medan, Palembang, Semarang)
Authors: Suryadi Yadi , Nugroho Sugianto Denny , Hadiyanto
Published: February 2018

Indonesia's maritime continent is one of the most vulnerable regions regarding to climate change impacts. One of the vulnerable areas affected are the urban areas, because they are home to almost half of Indonesia's population where they live and earn a living, so that environmental management efforts need to be done. To support such efforts, climate change analysis is required. The analysis was carried out in several big cities in Indonesia. The method used in the research was trend analysis of temperature, rainfall, shifts in rainfall patterns, and extreme climatic trend. The data of rainfall and temperature were obtained from Meteorology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG). The result shows that the air temperature and rainfall have a positive trend, except in Semarang City which having a negative rainfall trend. The result also shows heavy rainfall trends. These indicate that climate is changing in these three cities.
The Land Use Change From Agricultural to Non-Agricultural in Bungo Regency, Jambi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Ifan Dolly Fajar , Kismartini Kismartini , Purnaweni Hartuti
Published: February 2018

This study aimed at observing the development of agricultural land use in Bungo Regency, Jambi Province, for other purposes, such as plantation, mining, and other commercial buildings. According to the sustainable agriculture supposed by the government, a change in land use has become an important issue to be taken into account as such that the change does not tend to damage the environment. The research findings from Bungo Regency demonstrated the change in agricultural land into copra and rubber plantation areas. Local people had changed their mindset towards reluctance to become farmers, which caused the loss of farmer regeneration and weakened the farmer exchange rate towards the agricultural commodities.
Public Participation Planning of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Regulations: Analysis of Inconsistency for Some Cases in Indonesia
Authors: Hindrayani Aniek , Purwanto
Published: February 2018

The failure in community involvement during the environmental documents planning may result in the failure of the planned project implementation. This study aims to determine the gap between practices and regulations that apply to the process of community involvement in the environmental documents planning, and find out inconsistency of implementation on each stakeholder in the planning of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and the environmental permit. The method used was qualitative through interview and literature study which is analyzed using triangulation model and presented in the form of concept map. The results of the study indicate that 1) the determination of community representatives based on the criteria of the impacted communities is not clearly described, 3) suggestions, opinions, and responses to the environmental impact management are not well implemented by the project proponent, 3) implementation of the environmental management of other licensed activities affecting the behavior (4) stakeholders (project proponent, EIA consultants, and EIA appraisal committee) do not play their role as mandated in applicable legislation.