bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BOURDIEU ON POWER, CULTURE AND SOCIOLOGY OF TASTE: THE CASE OF MARIJA JURIĆ ZAGORKA
Authors: Dremel Anita
Published: November 2023

Refraining from reasoning in support of the universal taste and the experience of the beautiful, cultural sociology treats taste as socially contingent and constructed. The objective of this paper is to outline a social critique of different judgements of taste when it comes to different types of literary production based on the theoretical framework established by Pierre Bourdieu and on the example of the reception of popular literature, mainly historical romances written by Marija Jurić Zagorka. The methodological approach thereby applied includes the deconstruction of common distinctions based on Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus, field and doxa, genealogy of highbrow taste in the era of so called highly textual modernism, critical analysis of gender discourse underlying cultural evaluations of literary production by women and for women, and the practicing of the ethnographic shift towards the reader in her context. This empirically contextualized analysis of literary tastes expressed by various recipients in Croatian cultural history has led to the results that reveal a long persistence of popularity and adoration of Zagorka’s novels on the one hand and harsh, almost visceral, disgust with her production by official discourse on the other, confirming the thesis that judgments of taste are based on society (and class). However, these results do not suggest a linear (let alone causal) relationship between the class system and the system of cultural classifications as well as between consumerist desire and taste. Historical novels by Marija Jurić Zagorka, mainly written in the first half of the 20th century, contain a foundationally strong inscription of opposed social strata, thus providing a useful and relevant empirical basis for the analysis of complex processes of cultural modernization and accompanying changing forms of social power.
Discreta modernidad. Pintoras de género religioso en la Segunda República
Authors: Torres Sastrús Vega
Published: November 2023

Durante la Segunda República, algunas transformaciones sociales hicieron tambalear los pilares sobre los que se había construido la feminidad tradicional, entre otros, la piedad religiosa. Como resultado, muchas mujeres se encontraron en una situación fronteriza entre las posibilidades que les ofrecían los nuevos tiempos y unos roles de género decimonónicos que habían aprendido y que, además, continuaban constituyendo la normatividad en una sociedad que todavía estaba asimilando los cambios. En el presente artículo se analiza cómo las artistas se adaptaron a esta realidad combinando elementos modernos, como dedicarse profesionalmente a la pintura o cultivar una estética próxima a la vanguardia de los años treinta, con otros más conservadores, como la repetición de los temas religiosos en sus creaciones. Finalmente, se analiza la obra religiosa de Rosario de Velasco, Marisa Roësset y Julia Minguillón, como muestra de aquel arte entre la tradición y la modernidad que tanto éxito reportó en su momento.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGURANGAN SAMPAH DENGAN CSR BANK BTN DAN LPPM UNKRIS
Authors: Muktiono Ayub , Pratiwi Siswantari , Herawati Susetya , Loen Mishelei , Darmiyati Lydia
Published: November 2023

Timbunan sampah organik mempunyai jumlah persentase lebih tinggi dibanding jenis sampah lainnya baik secara nasional maupun secara spesifik di Desa Tugu Utara. Salah satu inovasi dalam mengurangi sampah organik yaitu dengan pembuatan kompos dan  menggunakan larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF). Dalam menangani permasalahan sampah tidak hanya pemerintah tetapi juga diperlukan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat dan swasta. PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero), Tbk senantiasa berupaya menciptakan suasana kegiatan usaha yang harmonis dengan masyarakat luas dan ramah lingkungan. Bank BTN yang menginisiasi inovasi program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) pengelolaan sampah organik dengan pemberian mesin pencacah sampah organic. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah dengan program CSR Bank BTN dan LPPM UNKRIS di Desa Tugu Utara. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini ada 3 tahap antaralain: Penyerahan 3 unit mesin pencacah sampah dan praktik pembuatan kompos; Sosialisasi dan Pemaparan Materi dan Praktik Budidaya BSF Warga masyarakat memberikan tanggapan yang antusias pada pelatihan ini dilihat dari jumlah warga yang hadir dan meminta segera menindaklanjuti dalam implementasi pembuatan pupuk kompos menggunakan mesin pencacah sampah organik serta budidaya maggot BSF. Kegiatan ini ditujukan sebagai solusi untuk membantu pemerintah dalam mengatasi sampah organik yang dihasilkan dari sampah. Setelah dilaksanakan kegiatan ini, masyarakat dapat membuat kompos dan membudidayakan maggot BSF di rumah masing- masing dengan memanfatkan dan mengolah sampah organic, untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomi.
PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN MELALUI PENYULUHAN PEMBUATAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DAN DAUN AFRIKA DI DESA BABAKAN RADEN CARIU BOGOR
Authors: Wibowo Imam , Indriyani Siwi Nur , Saramitha Nerani , Alfredo Nicholas , Wigati Nikki Rossinta , Paramitra Yuaniko , Rahmawan tari Dhistianti Mei
Published: November 2023

Pengabdian masyarakat merupakan bagian dari Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yang diterapkan pada kegiatan sosial sebagai realisasi pembelajaran pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh seluruh mahasiswa Universitas Krisnadwipayana. Desa Babakan Raden Kecamatan Cariu merupakan daerah potensial penghasil daun Afrika, daun ini tumbuh liar di daerah desa tersebut. Karena kurangnya informasi tentang daun Afrika, banyak orang yang tidak mengenal jenis tanaman obat tersebut, sehingga tidak diolah dan diproduksi untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. Daun-daun ini menciptakan peluang usaha baru bagi perempuan sehingga dapat berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan ekonomi keluarga sehingga dapat memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Desa Babakan Raden, Kecamatan Cariu, Kabupaten Bogor juga merupakan salah satu desa yang potensial untuk dilakukan usaha Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). bentuk mentah. Pemberdayaan perempuan ternyata memegang peranan penting dalam kelangsungan hidup keluarga, baik yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan moral anak, maupun pemenuhan kebutuhan ekonomi keluarga sebagai salah satu pilar utama kehidupan keluarga.
Pelayanan Konseling Klinik Sanitasi Di Puskesmas Kota Ternate
Authors: Lestari Tutik , Togubu Novrianti , Lestari Tutik , Sumiati Tati , Andiani Andiani
Published: November 2023

Kegiatan klinik sanitasi sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat namun belum maksimal karena kekurangan tenaga sanitarian dan kegiatannya hanya fokus dalam gedung. Tujuan pengabdian Masyarakat untuk peningkatan kegiatan klinik sanitasi dalam dan luar Gedung. Metodenya dengan melibatkan mahasiswa dan dosen didampingi petugas kesehatan melakukan kegiatan identifikasi masalah kesehatan, konseling, inspeksi dan intervensi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilaskanakan selama 1 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kota Ternate. Hasil kegiatan terdapat 4 pasien yang mendapatkan konseling, inspeksi dan intervensi dengan memberikan edukasi terkait penyakit berbasis lingkungan, tahap pertama identifikasi oleh dokter, dokter merekomendasikan pasien untuk mendapatkan pelayanan konseling. Mahasiswa didampingi petugas melakukan konseling pada pasien sesuai dengan hasil diagnosa. Hasil konseling menunjukkan bahwa ada kontak langsung dengan anggota rumah tangga lain yang memiliki gejala yang sama. Sehingga memutuskan perlu adanya
Effective Hotel Brand Management - Don’t forget the role of your employees!
Authors: Wang Yao-Chin , King Ceridwyn
Published: November 2023

Employees are a vital element of a customer’s hotel experience. Responsible for delivering the differentiated experience reflected in the hotel’s brand, employees are an important brand resource, necessitating brand management adopt an external and internal perspective. This report explains internal brand management and the favorable brand outcomes that result.
The Examination Of Entertainment Product Performance In Macau
Authors: Luo Jian Ming , Lam Chi Fung
Published: November 2023

Macau surpassed Las Vegas as the top gaming destination many years ago. Entertainment is a crucial element in many gambling destinations. Associating entertainment and gambling helped create a more appealing image and package of gambling destination. This study investigated the performance of entertainment products in Macau. This study used convenience sampling to collect 300 usable questionnaires from three tourists’ departure spots. Respondents were asked to evaluate the importance and performance of seven categories of entertainment products. The most important entertainment products were Family Fun and Show. Most people did not think Beauty and Wellness, or Sports and Recreation were important. Many people have the impression that Gambling is one of the most important entertainment products in Macau; however, in our sample, Gambling was ranked as the second most important entertainment product. Government and entertainment providers should continue their effort to provide more Family Fun and Shows to fulfill the needs of visitors.
Cadre juridique applicable à l’utilisation de la reconnaissance faciale par les forces de police dans l’espace public au Québec et au Canada : éléments de comparaison avec les États-Unis et l’Europe : rapport
Authors: Castets-Renard Céline , Guiraud Émilie , Avril-Gagnon Jacinthe
Published: November 2023

’Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’IA et du numérique, en partenariat avec la Chaire de recherche de l’Université d’Ottawa sur l’intelligence artificielle responsable à l’échelle mondiale, présente un rapport sur le cadre juridique applicable à l’utilisation de la reconnaissance faciale par les forces de police dans l’espace public au Québec et au Canada: Éléments de comparaison avec les États-Unis et l’Europe. Ce rapport, préparé sous la supervision de la Pr Céline Castets-Renard, présente les principaux enjeux de l’utilisation de la reconnaissance faciale par les forces de police dans l’espace public au Québec et au Canada et le cadre juridique applicable, en comparaison l’Europe et les États-Unis. Dans un contexte où cette technologie est déployée de plus en plus largement, il convient de mener une réflexion en amont de son déploiement afin d’éliminer ou minimiser les risques encourus, en particulier pour les droits et libertés individuelles. Ce rapport vise ainsi à éclairer les législateurs et les décideurs sur ce que sont les technologies de reconnaissance faciale et les risques encourus, en particulier les risques d’atteinte aux droits et libertés individuelles protégés par les Chartes du Canada et du Québec, et de présenter les solutions déjà mises en œuvre pour envisager celles qui minimisent les risques et l’intrusion de cette technologie sur la vie privée, afin de poser les conditions d’une transparence et meilleure acceptabilité sociale. Outre le support analytique aux décideurs publics, la production de ce rapport a pour objectif d’engager la discussion et les échanges avec toutes les parties prenantes au Québec et au Canada.
COVID-19 et télétravail : un remède universel ou une solution ponctuelle
Authors: Saba Tania , Cachat-Rosset Gaëlle
Published: November 2023

Dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19, la pratique du télétravail s'est répandue partout sur la planète. Cette étude internationale sur le télétravail en contexte de pandémie, dirigée par Tania Saba, professeure titulaire à l'École de relations industrielles, Université de Montréal et Titulaire de la Chaire BMO en diversité et gouvernance, a permis d’évaluer la pratique du télétravail, ses bénéfices et inconvénients ainsi que le niveau d’adaptation des travailleurs canadiens au travail à domicile, et ce, selon plusieurs caractéristiques et en comparaison avec leurs pairs en France, en Australie et aux États-Unis. Cette étude révèle qu’au Québec l’adoption du télétravail ainsi que l’adaptation à ce nouveau mode de vie sont positivement influencées par la pratique et avec le temps. Cette étude a été réalisée par la Chaire BMO - Diversité et gouvernance avec le soutien de l’Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’IA et du numérique (OBVIA) dans le cadre des travaux sur les effets des systèmes d’intelligence artificielle et des outils numériques déployés pour lutter contre la propagation de la COVID-19 sur les sociétés soutenues par les Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQ).
Cinquante ans de « marées noires » : radioscopie des catastrophes liées à la pollution par les hydrocarbures
Authors: Moreau Rémi
Published: November 2023

L’auteur rappelle d’abord les périls de mer à l’origine de très importantes marées noires, dont quelques unes au Canada : leTorrey Canyon, l’Arrow, l’Amoco Cadiz, leGino, l’Aegean Captainet l’Atlantic Expresss, l’Odyssey, l’Exxon Valdez, leBraer, leMaersk Navigator, l’Erika, lePrestigeet la plate-forme pétrolièreIxtoc 1.

Mais il y en a eu beaucoup d’autres, depuis l’apparition du phénomène des marées noires, en 1960. Depuis les années 1970, bon an mal an, on compte une demi-douzaine de déversements, en moyenne, qui ont une certaine importance. Tous les déversements de pétrolier depuis 1975, supérieurs à 20 000 tonnes, sont listés dans un tableau à l’annexe A. Le répertoire chronologique complet, de 1960 à nos jours, est fourni à l’annexe B.

Dans la foulée du récent jugement dans l’affaire Total SA (affréteur de l’Erika), qui a été rendu le 16 janvier dernier par le tribunal correctionnel de Paris, au terme de huit ans d’instruction, de quatre mois d’audience et de sept mois de délibéré, il a paru utile à l’auteur d’examiner les données factuelles reliées aux pollutions maritimes par hydrocarbures, notamment les déversements eux-mêmes, les causes et les conséquences, certains programmes de recherche, les impacts écologiques et économiques, les aspects juridiques, les mécanismes d’assurance et d’indemnisation, le tout afin d’en tirer quelques enseignements.
Problems of formation of legal awareness and legal culture of youth
Authors: Slanov Oleg Taimurazovich
Published: November 2023

The subject of this study is the problem of the formation of legal awareness and legal culture among the representatives of the younger generation aged 14 to 18 years. The author notes that the legislator has a fairly broad understanding of the term "youth" (from 14 to 35 years old) it does not take into account that this category includes citizens with different levels of legal culture. Particular attention is paid to the question of the need to use pedagogical methods of forming the legal consciousness and legal culture of young people in order to create a rule of law and a healthy civil society. The problem posed in this article is considered from the pedagogical and legal points of view of the age periodization of youth. The article highlights three main problems of the formation of legal awareness among young citizens. Thus, there is an acute competition between the education system and the social environment of a young person for providing him with knowledge about the law. Pedagogical efforts to form ideas about the law in the older student are often offset by the imposition of incorrect images from the social environment. This problem is also becoming more acute due to the widespread development of digital technologies, the active users of which are young citizens. Finally, the problem of organizing legal education in connection with the entry of young citizens into the age of criminal and administrative types of legal responsibility requires independent development.
Some mechanistic underpinnings of molecular adaptations of SARS-COV-2 spike protein by integrating candidate adaptive polymorphisms with protein dynamics
Authors: Ose Nicholas James , Campitelli Paul , Modi Tushar , Kazan I Can , Kumar Sudhir , Ozkan Sefika Banu
Published: November 2023

We integrate evolutionary predictions based on the neutral theory of molecular evolution with protein dynamics to generate mechanistic insight into the molecular adaptations of the SARS-COV-2 spike (S) protein. With this approach, we first identified candidate adaptive polymorphisms (CAPs) of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein and assessed the impact of these CAPs through dynamics analysis. Not only have we found that CAPs frequently overlap with well-known functional sites, but also, using several different dynamics-based metrics, we reveal the critical allosteric interplay between SARS-CoV-2 CAPs and the S protein binding sites with the human ACE2 (hACE2) protein. CAPs interact far differently with the hACE2 binding site residues in the open conformation of the S protein compared to the closed form. In particular, the CAP sites control the dynamics of binding residues in the open state, suggesting an allosteric control of hACE2 binding. We also explored the characteristic mutations of different SARS-CoV-2 strains to find dynamic hallmarks and potential effects of future mutations. Our analyses reveal that Delta strain-specific variants have non-additive (i.e., epistatic) interactions with CAP sites, whereas the less pathogenic Omicron strains have mostly additive mutations. Finally, our dynamics-based analysis suggests that the novel mutations observed in the Omicron strain epistatically interact with the CAP sites to help escape antibody binding.
Heritable epigenetic changes are constrained by the dynamics of regulatory architectures
Authors: Jose Antony M
Published: November 2023

Interacting molecules create regulatory architectures that can persist despite turnover of molecules. Although epigenetic changes occur within the context of such architectures, there is limited understanding of how they can influence the heritability of changes. Here, I develop criteria for the heritability of regulatory architectures and use quantitative simulations of interacting regulators parsed as entities, their sensors, and the sensed properties to analyze how architectures influence heritable epigenetic changes. Information contained in regulatory architectures grows rapidly with the number of interacting molecules and its transmission requires positive feedback loops. While these architectures can recover after many epigenetic perturbations, some resulting changes can become permanently heritable. Architectures that are otherwise unstable can become heritable through periodic interactions with external regulators, which suggests that mortal somatic lineages with cells that reproducibly interact with the immortal germ lineage could make a wider variety of architectures heritable. Differential inhibition of the positive feedback loops that transmit regulatory architectures across generations can explain the gene-specific differences in heritable RNA silencing observed in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. More broadly, these results provide a foundation for analyzing the inheritance of epigenetic changes within the context of the regulatory architectures implemented using diverse molecules in different living systems.
GLI1 facilitates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by collaborative regulation of DNA methyltransferases
Authors: Ge Gaoran , Guo Qianping , Zhou Ying , Li Wenming , Zhang Wei , Bai Jiaxiang , Wang Qing , Tao Huaqiang , Wang Wei , Wang Zhen , Gan Minfeng , Xu Yaozeng , Yang Huilin , Li Bin , Geng Dechun
Published: November 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by joint synovitis and bone destruction, the etiology of which remains to be explored. Many types of cells are involved in the progression of RA joint inflammation, among which the overactivation of M1 macrophages and osteoclasts has been thought to be an essential cause of joint inflammation and bone destruction. Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) has been revealed to be closely linked to bone metabolism. In this study, GLI1 expression in the synovial tissue of RA patients was positively correlated with RA-related scores and was highly expressed in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse articular macrophage-like cells. The decreased expression and inhibition of nuclear transfer of GLI1 downregulated macrophage M1 polarization and osteoclast activation, the effect of which was achieved by modulation of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) via transcriptional regulation and protein interactions. By pharmacological inhibition of GLI1, the proportion of proinflammatory macrophages and the number of osteoclasts were significantly reduced, and the joint inflammatory response and bone destruction in CIA mice were alleviated. This study clarified the mechanism of GLI1 in macrophage phenotypic changes and activation of osteoclasts, suggesting potential applications of GLI1 inhibitors in the clinical treatment of RA.
Layers of Folkloric Variation: Computational Explorations of Poetic and Narrative Text Corpora
Authors:   Estonian Folklore Archives, Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia, Sarv Mari , Järv Risto ,   Estonian Folklore Archives, Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia
Published: November 2023

Variation is a core feature of folklore that plays a part in configuring the processes of folkloric communication, transmission and creativity. Computational analysis of large folklore collections offers new outlooks on the study of variation. The article explores the nature of folkloric variation on the basis of folk song and fairy tale text corpora from the Estonian Folklore Archives. Our enquiry into regional variation in Estonian folk song showed different patterns of geographic variation for metre, repertoire and language. To investigate further the possibilities to disassemble the components of variation we turned to a smaller corpus of fairy tale texts from the distinct Seto language community. The results of stylometric analysis of fairy tales collected within the close language community as a rule found that word usage patterns in stories told by the same storytellers were closer to each other than stories with the same content (i.e. tale types). However, other factors, such as collectors’ individual styles, recording time, length of text, and storyteller’s place of origin contributed notably to similarity as per stylometric scores. The study has shown that the individual features and aspects of such a complex phenomenon as folklore can follow its own variation patterns. Computational analysis of the variation in large text corpora helps us get a better understanding of the functioning of variation, and the processes of folkloric creation. However, the layers of folkloric variation are not that easy to disassemble, one must be aware of the biases in text corpora and keep in mind the effect of the linguistic variation on the results.
American Indian and Alaska Native Life Expectancy
Authors: Parker Tassy , Kelley Allyson
Published: November 2023

This Viewpoint examines disparities and inequalities regarding life expectancy in American Indian and Alaska Native populations and what can be done to address them.
Small‐Molecule Chemistry Effect on the Functionalization of Polydimethylsiloxane with Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Öztatlı Hayriye , Erenay Berkay , Karasu Tunca , Biradlı Fatma Zehra Erkoç , Uzun Lokman , Garipcan Bora
Published: November 2023

Herein, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces are coated with hydroxyapatite (HA) using immobilization and biomineralization techniques with the aid of small molecules, namely, l‐aspartic acid (AA), l‐glutamic acid, and citric acid, in an effort to develop biointeractive surfaces for bone tissue‐related research. The efficacy of biomineralization and immobilization techniques and the impact of small molecules on HA deposition on PDMS surfaces are investigated by chemical and morphological analysis of surfaces, besides in vitro cell culture studies. Characteristic peaks of phosphate groups at wavelengths of 569 and 603 cm−1 in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and HA's characteristic patterns identified at 26.1°, 31.7°, and 45.5° in X‐ray diffraction analysis demonstrate the successful deposition of HA particles on PDMS surfaces which are also observed on scanning electron microscopy micrographs. The interaction of human fetal osteoblast cells (hFOB 1.19) with HA‐deposited PDMS surfaces is evaluated with in vitro cell culture studies, which reveals increased cell metabolic activity and growth across all groups as compared to plain PDMS, with HA deposited on AA‐PDMS surfaces through biomineralization being the most stimulating group. Overall, small‐molecule effect on deposition of HA on PDMS substrates merits further investigation, particularly on substrates mimicking bone surface chemical and morphological features.
Efficient Near‐Infrared Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on CdHgSe Nanoplatelets
Authors: Prudnikau Anatol , Roshan Hossein , Paulus Fabian , Martín‐García Beatriz , Hübner René , Bahmani Jalali Houman , De Franco Manuela , Prato Mirko , Di Stasio Francesco , Lesnyak Vladimir
Published: November 2023

Cadmium mercury selenide (CdHgSe) nanocrystals exhibit a unique combination of low‐energy optical absorption and emission, which can be tuned from the visible to the infrared range through both quantum confinement and adjustment of their composition. Owing to this advantage, such nanocrystals have been studied as a promising narrow‐band infrared light emitter. However, the electroluminescence of CdHgSe‐based nanocrystals has remained largely unexplored, despite their potential for emitting light in the telecom wavelength range. Further benefits to their optical properties are expected from their shape control, in particular the formation of 2D nanocrystals, as well as from a proper design of their heterostructures. In this work, a colloidal synthesis of CdHgSe/ZnCdS core/shell nanoplatelets (NPLs) starting from CdSe template NPLs employing a cation exchange strategy is developed. The heterostructures synthesized exhibit photoluminescence that can be tuned from ≈1300 to 1500 nm. These near‐infrared‐active NPLs are employed in light‐emitting diodes, demonstrating low turn‐on voltage and high external quantum efficiency.
CoOx‐Caged Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Sonocatalyzing CO2 to Co for Ultrasound‐Assisted Chemodynamic‐Gas Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhang Tian , Zheng Qiang , Huang Jie , Li Xiang
Published: November 2023

Carbon monoxide (CO) as an endogenous gaseous signaling molecule, is widely studied for its ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation as gas therapy. However, the therapeutic efficiency of CO gas therapy is far from ideal due to the low availability of CO supply. Here, inspired by the band structure and Fenton‐related elements, MIL‐101(Cr)@CoOx nanoparticles are introduced for the first time to achieve ultrasound‐mediated synergistic therapy by combining CO gas therapy and chemodynamic therapy together effectively. MIL‐101(Cr)@CoOx can present substantial CO2 adsorption capacity for the BDC2− linkers and Co center, and enable to transformation of endogenous CO2 to CO efficiently under ultrasound irradiation due to the appropriate band structure and conduction band position. With the Co‐engaged Fenton‐like reaction, MIL‐101(Cr)@CoOx triggered the reactions to catalyze the over‐expressed intracellular H2O2 into cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH). The potential therapeutic outcome of chemodynamic therapy can be amplified by the ultrasonic cavitation‐induced conversion between Co3+ and Co2+ in vitro is demonstrated. The proliferation, ATP, and mitochondria functions of 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells are severely compromised by CO‐promoted ROS generation and the sono‐Fenton effect. Further, in vivo studies confirm that MIL‐101(Cr)@CoOx combined with ultrasound irradiation exhibits superior tumor suppression, and achieves the ultrasound‐mediated chemodynamic‐gas cancer therapy with higher precisions for personalized treatments. This new system offers a distinct concept for constructing smart ultrasound‐stimulus systems to realize synergetic cancer therapy.
Unraveling the Morphology‐Function Correlation of Mesoporous ZnO Films upon Water Exposure
Authors: Tian Ting , Tu Suo , Xu Ang , Yin Shanshan , Oechsle Anna Lena , Xiao Tianxiao , Vagias Apostolos , Eichhorn Johanna , Suo Jinping , Yang Zhangcan , Bernstorff Sigrid , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter
Published: November 2023

Ubiquitous moisture in synthetic conditions and ambient environments can strongly influence the conductivity of ZnO semiconductors via the chemisorption and physisorption of water molecules on the ZnO surface. Such an intrinsically water‐sensitive nature will become more evident in mesoporous ZnO films where a large surface area and active sites are created simultaneously. However, fundamental insights underlying water‐mediated ZnO surface chemistry and electrical conductivity and the factors affecting them remain ambiguous due to the complexity of ZnO surfaces and the difficulties of in situ characterizations at multi‐dimensions. Here, self‐assembling diblock copolymers are exploited as structure‐directing agents to achieve mesoporous ZnO thin films with highly tailorable structural characteristics ranging from nanomorphologies, over crystalline levels, to defect contents. As verified by theoretical calculations, the presence of oxygen vacancy will facilitate favorable water adsorption and subsequent dissociation on the polar ZnO surfaces. Upon humidity exposure with progressively increased levels, mesoporous ZnO films are revealed to follow an almost positive relationship between adsorption and electrical conductivity but show superior morphological stability. This work not only elucidates the water‐governed ZnO surface chemistry but may also promote a comprehensive understanding of the morphology‐function relationship on ZnO‐based electronics.
Efficiency Improvement of Energy Harvesting Device Using Light Pressure Through Plasmon Coupling at the Interface Between Grained Ag Layer and Au Nanoparticles
Authors: Jang Jun‐Hyeon , Lee Ha Young , Ryu Jae‐Hoon , Lee Jeong‐Yeon , Kim Sung‐Hyun , Hwang Sun‐Lyeong , Ahn Hyung Soo , Ha Dong Han , Yi Sam Nyung
Published: November 2023

Electricity generation using the piezoelectric effect is an important energy harvesting method. In this study, a solar radiation pressure‐driven crater‐shaped light pressure electric generator (LPEG) device with a Pb(Zr0.52, Ti0.48)O3 (PZT) piezoelectric layer and grained Ag layer is fabricated on GaAs(100) wafer. The electrical output of the device is improved by adsorbing Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the Ag layer with the surface of closely connected Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs). By controlling the size and concentration of the AuNPs, a maximum power density of 867.5 µW cm−2 is obtained under a solar simulator (AM 1.5G), which represents a 151.7% improvement over the case without AuNP adsorption. The results of Raman spectra, finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) simulations, and COMSOL Multiphysics demonstrate that the newly formed hotspots between AgNPs─AuNPs and AuNPs─AuNPs enhance the electric field of the incident light significantly and extend the region where the electric field is maximally amplified to 600–800 nm, resulting in increased solar radiation pressure on the PZT piezoelectric layer.
Primary and Secondary Amines by Flavin‐Photocatalyzed Consecutive Desulfonylation and Dealkylation of Sulfonamides
Authors: Pavlovska Tetiana , Weisheitelová Ivana , Pramthaisong Chiranan , Sikorski Marek , Jahn Ullrich , Cibulka Radek
Published: November 2023

Alkane‐, arene‐, and perfluoroalkanesulfonyl groups are widely used in organic synthesis to protect amino functionalities or to facilitate their installation. Protection of amino functions by a sulfonyl group to form sulfonamides is advantageous as they are easy to purify and tolerate various reaction conditions. On the other hand, sulfonyl group removal is difficult. Herein, we present a versatile metal‐free photocatalytic reductive method for desulfonylation of sulfonamides and aryl sulfonates to the parent amines mediated by flavin derivatives, namely deazaisoalloxazines and deazaalloxazines, and visible light. Photocatalysis with 5‐deazalloxazines is shown to even mediate the cleavage of perfluoroalkanesulfonamides (triflylamides and nonaflylamides), which is significantly more difficult than that of other sulfonamides and has previously not been achieved by photochemical means. The method is shown to perform consecutive desulfonylation and dealkylation of N‐alkyl‐N‐phenylperfluoroalkanesulfonamides affording primary anilines. This occurs via consecutive reductive and oxidative catalytic cycles mediated by the flavin catalyst. The perfluoroalkylsulfonyl group fulfils a dual role serving as a protecting group and, after removal by the reductive cycle, as the species driving the oxidative dealkylation reaction.
Identification of Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants in Agricultural Land by Carbon Nitride (C3N5) Based Nano Sensors
Authors: Panigrahi Puspamitra , PS Anuroop , Lee Hoonkyung , Bae Hyeonhu , Kaewmaraya Thanayut , Pandey Ravindra , Hussain Tanveer , Panigrahi Akshaya
Published: November 2023

Efficient detection of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is extremely important for the safety of humans and for the moderation of agriculture. This calls for the design of versatile nanosensors capable of sensing toxic POPs with high sensitivity and selectivity. Inspired by this, the sensing characteristics of carbon nitride (C3N5) monolayers toward selected POPs are reported, such as Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), Methoxychlor (DMDT), Fenthion (FT), Fenitrothion (FNT), and Rennol (RL), employing density functional theory calculations. Analysis of results predicts adsorption energies of −0.93, −1.55, −1.44, −0.98, and −1.15 eV for DDT, DMDT, FT, FNT, and RM, respectively, on C3N5 monolayers. Significant charge transfers among organic pollutants and C3N5 lead to distinct electronic properties of the conjugated complexes, revealed by the density of states, electrostatic potential, and work function calculations. To detect the selected pollutants in high humidity, the effects due to aqueous medium are considered. Additionally, a statistical thermodynamic analysis utilizing the Langmuir adsorption model is utilized to explore the influence of temperature and pressure.
Fostamatinib for warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia: Phase 3, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, global study (FORWARD)
Authors: Kuter David J. , Piatek Caroline , Röth Alexander , Siddiqui Asif , Numerof Robert P. , Dummer Wolfgang ,   the FORWARD study group
Published: November 2023

Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) is characterized by hemolysis and symptomatic anemia with no approved treatment options. Fostamatinib is an oral spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved in the US and Europe for treatment of adults with chronic immune thrombocytopenia. In this phase 3 study, patients with an insufficient response to ≥1 prior wAIHA treatment were randomized to fostamatinib or placebo. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients to achieve a durable hemoglobin (Hgb) response (Hgb ≥10 g/dL and increase from baseline of ≥2 g/dL on 3 consecutive visits) during the 24‐week treatment period. Ninety patients were randomized, 45 to each arm. Of the fostamatinib‐treated patients, 35.6% achieved a durable Hgb response versus 26.7% on placebo (p = .398). A post hoc analysis revealed a large placebo response in Eastern European patients. Significantly more patients on fostamatinib from North America, Australia and Western Europe exhibited a durable Hgb response compared to placebo (36% vs. 10.7%, p = .030). After censoring for Hgb values impacted by steroid rescue received during screening and excluding 2 placebo patients found to likely not have wAIHA, a reanalysis demonstrated a difference in durable Hgb response between fostamatinib and placebo (15/45 [33.3%] vs. 6/43 [14.0%], p = .0395). At least 1 AE was reported in 42 (93.3%) and 40 (88.9%) patients receiving fostamatinib and placebo, respectively. The most common AEs in the fostamatinib group were diarrhea (26.7%), hypertension (24.4%), and fatigue (15.6%). In this study, fostamatinib demonstrated a clinically meaningful benefit for patients in Western regions, and no new safety signals were identified.
A Photochemical Strategy for ortho‐Aminophenol Synthesis via Dearomative‐Rearomative Coupling Between Aryl Azides and Alcohols
Authors: Li Bo , Ruffoni Alessandro , Leonori Daniele
Published: November 2023

ortho‐Aminophenols are aromatic derivatives featuring vicinal N‐ and O‐based functionalities commonly found in the structures of many high‐value materials. These molecules are generally prepared using multistep strategies that follow the rules of electrophilic aromatic substitution (SEAr) chemistry. Despite their high fidelity, such approaches cannot target substrates featuring a “contra‐SEAr” arrangement of N‐ and O‐groups. Here we report an alternative strategy for the preparation of such ortho‐aminophenols using aryl azides as the precursors. The process utilizes low‐energy photoexcitation to trigger the decomposition of aryl azides into singlet nitrenes that undergo a dearomative‐rearomative sequence. This allows the incorporation of alcoholic nucleophiles into a seven‐membered ring azepine intermediate via temporary disruption of aromaticity, followed by electrophile‐induced re‐aromatization. The net retrosynthetic logic is that the alcohol displaces the azide, which, in turn, moves to its ortho position and furthermore is converted into an amide. The synthetic value and complementarity of this strategy has been demonstrated by the coupling of aryl azides with complex, drug‐like alcohols and phenols as well as amines, thiols and thiophenols, which provides a general platform for the fast and selective heterofunctionalization of aromatics.
Enhanced flame‐retardant performance of rigid polyurethane foam by using APTES‐MMT and ATH mixed intumescent coatings
Authors: Zhang Wei , Tong Mingyu , Xing Fengqin , Zheng Hui , Zhu Chaonan
Published: November 2023

The design of environment‐friendly fireproof rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) that completely prevent ignition or the spread of fires is important for energy conservation and emission reductions. In this paper, an intumescent flame‐retardant coating was prepared and coated onto the surface of a RPUF to improve its flame retardancy. Vertical combustion experiments (UL‐94) showed that, compared with the pure RPUF, a RPUF coated with the expansion coating successfully self‐extinguished without a droplet formed after ignitor removal. Thermogravimetric analyses showed that the expanded coating effectively increased the rate of carbon residue formation. Cone calorimetry showed that when the pigment‐to‐binder ratio was 3.5:1, with 5% modified montmorillonite, 6% aluminum hydroxide, and 4% titanium dioxide, the intumescent coating effectively reduced the heat release rate and total heat release of the RPUF. Remarkably, the smoke release rate and total exhaust gas volume showed that the expanded coating provided obviously enhanced smoke suppression. Therefore, the flame retardancy and toxic smoke suppression provided by the RPUF thermal insulation material is essential and very useful for healthy development of human society and the environment.
Evaluation of the polymer hydrogels as a potential relative permeability modifier
Authors: Rodrigues Taissa Zangerolami Lopes , Flor Júlia Cardoso Dacosta , Palermo Luiz C. M. , Mansur Claudia R. E.
Published: November 2023

Excessive water production poses a significant challenge in the oil industry, especially in Pre‐salt carbonate reservoirs, leading to reduced oil recovery, corrosion, and well abandonment. We explore the potential of polymeric preformed particle gels (PPGs) as innovative relative permeability modifiers (RPMs) for carbonate reservoirs. RPMs involve applying polymeric hydrogels to alter reservoir wettability, reducing water flow while enhancing oil productivity. PPGs offer a promising surface‐based production alternative with improved control and minimized formation damage compared to traditional in‐situ gels. We conducted crosslinking experiments using poly(acrylamide‐acrylic acid‐2‐methyl propane sulfonate) terpolymer (AM‐AA‐AMPS) and aluminum (III) ions, assessing their impact on hydrogel properties. We also investigated the swelling behavior of these hydrogels and their interactions with rock samples. Results showed that crosslinking significantly affects PPG viscoelastic properties and swelling behavior. Adsorption tests revealed the formation of a polymeric film on rock surfaces, potentially altering wettability. Contact angle measurements demonstrated PPGs' ability to shift rock wettability, particularly in carbonate samples, from strongly oil‐wet to water‐wet conditions. This study underscores PPGs' potential as RPMs, offering valuable insights into improving oil extraction efficiency and addressing water production challenges in the industry.
Insights on reproduction‐related genes in the striped fruit fly, Zeugodacus scutellata (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Gokulanathan Anandapadmanaban , Mo Hyoung‐ho , Park Youngjin
Published: November 2023

The striped fruit fly, Zeugodacus scutellata is a significant pest in East and Southeast Asia by damaging Cucurbitaceae blossoms and fruits. To control this pest, a novel strategy to suppress the gene(s) associated with sexually dimorphic phenotypes has been devised and implemented in a laboratory scale. However, comprehensive transcriptomic analysis related to this sex differentiation of Z. scutellata was necessary to determine effective target genes for the genetic control. We performed de novo assembly of the transcript obtained by paired‐end sequencing using an Illumina HiSeq platform and let to 217,967 unigenes (i.e., unique genes) with a minimum length of 200 bp. The female produced 31, 604, 442 reads with 97.93% of Q20, 94.76% of Q30, and the male produced 130, 592, 828 reads with 97.93% of Q20 and 94.76 of Q30%. The differentially expressed genes were used to predict genetic factors associated with sex differentiation, which included Rho1, extra‐macrochaetae (emc), hopscotch (hop), doublesex (dsx), sex‐lethal (sxl), transformer‐2 (tra‐2), testis‐specific serine/threonine‐protein kinase (tssk1), tektin1 (tkt1) and 2 (tkt2), odorant binding proteins (OBPs), fruitless (fru), vitellogenin receptor, and hormone receptors in Z. scutellata. In addition, this transcriptome analysis provides the additional gene associated with sex determination and mating behaviors, which would be applied to develop a novel sterile insect technique against Z. scutellata.
pH‐Sensitive Glucose‐Powered Nanomotors for Enhanced Intracellular Drug Delivery and Ferroptosis Efficiency
Authors: Ji Yuxing , Pan Yanan , Ma Xuemei , Ma Yan , Zhao Zhongxiang , He Qiang
Published: November 2023

We propose a glucose‐powered Janus nanomotor where two faces are functionalized with glucose oxidase (GOx) and polydopamine‐Fe3+ chelates (PDF), respectively. In the glucose fuel solution, the GOx on the one side of these Janus nanomotors catalytically decomposes glucose fuels into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to drive them at a speed of 2.67 μm/s. The underlying propulsion mechanism is the glucose‐based self‐diffusiophoresis owing to the generated local glucose concentration gradient by the enzymatic reaction. Based on the enhanced diffusion motion, such nanomotors with catalytic activity increase the uptake towards cells and subsequently exhibit excellent capabilities for Fe3+ ions delivery and H2O2 generation for enhancing ferroptosis efficiency for inducing cancer cell death. In particular, the Fe3+ ions are released from nanomotors in a slightly acidic environment, and subsequently generate toxic hydroxyl radicals via Fenton reactions, which accumulation reactive oxygen species (ROS) level (~300 %) and further lipid peroxidation (LPO) strengthened ferroptosis therapy for cancer treatment. The as‐developed glucose‐powered Janus nanomotor with efficient diffusion and Fe ions delivery capabilities show great promise as a potential in biomedical applications.
The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E unexpectedly acts in splicing thereby coupling mRNA processing with translation
Authors: Borden Katherine L. B.
Published: November 2023

Recent findings position the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E as a novel modulator of mRNA splicing, a process that impacts the form and function of resultant proteins. eIF4E physically interacts with the spliceosome and with some intron‐containing transcripts implying a direct role in some splicing events. Moreover, eIF4E drives the production of key components of the splicing machinery underpinning larger scale impacts on splicing. These drive eIF4E‐dependent reprogramming of the splicing signature. This work completes a series of studies demonstrating eIF4E acts in all the major mRNA maturation steps whereby eIF4E drives production of the RNA processing machinery and escorts some transcripts through various maturation steps. In this way, eIF4E couples the mRNA processing‐export‐translation axis linking nuclear mRNA processing to cytoplasmic translation. eIF4E elevation is linked to worse outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia patients where these activities are dysregulated. Understanding these effects provides new insight into post‐transcriptional control and eIF4E‐driven cancers.
High throughput screening for rapid and reliable prediction of monovalent antibody binding behavior in flowthrough mode
Authors: Lorek Julius Klemens , Karkov Hanne Sophie , Matthiesen Finn , Dainiak Maria
Published: November 2023

Flowthrough (FT) anion exchange (AEX) chromatography is a widely used polishing step for the purification of monoclonal antibody (mAb) formats. To accelerate downstream process development, high throughput screening (HTS) tools have proven useful. In this study, the binding behavior of six monovalent mAbs (mvAbs) was investigated by HTS in batch binding mode on different AEX and mixed‐mode resins at process‐relevant pH and NaCl concentrations. The HTS entailed the evaluation of mvAb partition coefficients (Kp) and visualization of results in surface‐response models. Interestingly, the HTS data grouped the mvAbs into either a strong‐binding group or a weak‐binding/FT group independent of theoretical Isoelectric point. Mapping the charged and hydrophobic patches by in silico protein surface property analyses revealed that the distribution of patches play a major role in predicting FT behavior. Importantly, the conditions identified by HTS were successfully verified by 1 mL on‐column experiments. Finally, employing the optimal FT conditions (7–9 mS/cm and pH 7.0) at a mini‐pilot scale (CV = 259 mL) resulted in 99% yield and a 21–23‐fold reduction of host cell protein to <100 ppm, depending on the varying host cell protein (HCP) levels in the load. This work opens the possibility of using HTS in FT mode to accelerate downstream process development for mvAb candidates in early research.
The obesity paradox in multiple myeloma: A report from Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF) dataset
Authors: Ren Liang , Xu Tianhong , Ren Yuhong , Liu Peng
Published: November 2023

Background

Obesity is a risk factor for multiple myeloma (MM). However, we still lack knowledge on the clinical course of obese MM patients in a broad view.

Methods

Here, we reviewed 568 MM patients recorded in the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF) coMMpass dataset. Patients were divided into the normal and obese groups according body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis, and then the baseline characteristics, cytogenetic abnormalities, treatment variability, and survival outcomes were evaluated in the obese cohort.

Results

We found no differences in the characteristics when comparing normal and obese MM patients other than more male in the obese part (50.4% vs. 59.9%, p = 0.024). Compared with the normal BMI patients, median overall survival (OS) was shorter for obese MM patients but without significant meaning (82.3 vs. 95.3 months, p = 0.25). However, in the subgroup analysis, obese MM patients younger than 65 years had significantly inferior OS than that in the normal category (p = 0.047). We also found obese MM patients had a higher overall response rate (ORR) compared with normal BMI patients (92.7% vs. 88.6%, p = 0.037). Additionally, obese patients seemed to achieve faster best response during first‐line therapy.

Conclusions

Obesity assumes a paradoxical function in the clinical trajectory of myeloma.