bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vineyard altitude and mesoclimate influences on the phenology and maturation of Cabernet-Sauvignon grapes from Santa Catarina State
Authors: Falcão Leila Denise , Burin Vivian M. , Sidinei Chaves Eduardo , Vieira Hamilton Justino , Brighenti Emilio , Rosier Jean-Pierre , Bordignon-Luiz Marilde Terezinha
Published: October 2016

Santa Catarina State (SC) is a new grape growing region in Southern Brazil where 300 ha have been planted with Vitis vinifera L. since 2000. The annual production of this region is 3,944 tons of grapes and 1,549,000 liters of wine.

Aims: To evaluate the influence of climate and vineyard altitude on the phenology and ripening as well as the suitability of five new grape growing regions of SC for Cabernet-Sauvignon variety for two vintages (2005 and 2006).

Methods and results: Physicochemical analyses were performed on grape berries at 10-day intervals from véraison to harvest. Classification of the bioclimate according to the Winkler and Fregoni indices was also carried out for a long time period for these areas. Climate was strongly correlated with phenological precocity indices. Four Winkler Regions were established and the Fregoni index ranged from 402 to 1,466 for these regions.

Conclusions: A positive relationship was observed between altitude, air temperature and the annual vine cycle duration. In general, these Cabernet- Sauvignon grapes showed a good potential for winemaking mainly in Regions II and III of the Winkler scale.

Significance and impact of the study: Given the present and possible future changes in the global climate, the wine industry may be required to find new locations for viticulture. In this context, this research presents new grape growing regions which are promising for the cultivation of Vitis vinifera grape varieties in Brazil.
Non-animal proteins as clarifying agents for red wines
Authors: Noriega-Domínguez María José , Durán Daniel Salvador , Vírseda Paloma , Marín-Arroyo María Remedios
Published: October 2016

Aims: Dueto food security problems related to animal proteins and the growing demand of non-animal-based fining agents, interest in the use of gelatine alternatives for wine fining has increased in recent years. This work studies the use of proteins of non-animal origin for the clarification of Tempranillo red wines.

Methods and results: Proteins from different sources were tested: wheat (seven glutens), maize (one protein extract and one hydrolysed gluten), the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (three protein extracts), and the alga Spirulina platensis (one protein extract). A preliminary physico-chemical characterisation of the proteins (solubility, isoelectric point, molecular weight) showed that some proteins presented very similar characteristics when belonging to the same source. Fining experiments, based on the principal technological parameters (turbidity of wine, volume and compactness of lees generated), were carried out on a laboratory scale, in both the presence and absence of bentonite as a co-adjuvant. Results obtained with hydrolysed maize gluten and yeast extracts showed that these proteins were particularly advantageous. The use of bentonite in combination with the proteins improved the natural sedimentation of floccules. The sensory analysis of the treated wines demonstrated favourable characteristics in all cases except from spirulina, which negatively affected sensory characteristics.

Conclusions: The effectiveness of non-animal proteins is comparable to that of the traditionally used gelatine, offering advantages due, mainly, to the lower amounts of lees generated and a greater compactness. These two parameters are of great importance for winemakers, as they are associated with wine losses.

Significance and impact of the study: The search for a substitute for gelatine as fining agent.
A Protocol for Identifying Potentially Repurposable Drugs Using Online Tools and Databases
Authors: Chattopadhyay Aditi , Ganapathiraju Madhavi
Published: October 2016

Traditional methods for discovery and development of new drugs can be a very time-consuming and expensive process because it includes several stages such as compound identification, pre-clinical and clinical trials before the drug is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Therefore, drug repurposing, namely using currently FDA-approved drugs as therapeutics for other diseases than what they are originally prescribed for, is emerging to be a faster and more cost-effective alternative to current drug discovery methods. In this paper, we have described a three-step in silico protocol for analyzing transcriptomics data using online databases and bioinformatics tools for identifying potentially repurposable drugs. The efficacy of this protocol was evaluated by comparing its predictions with the findings of two case studies of recently reported repurposed drugs: HIV treating drug Zidovudine for the treatment of Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration and the antidepressant Imipramine for Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma. The proposed protocol successfully identified the published findings, thus demonstrating the efficacy of this method. In addition, it also yielded several novel predictions that have not yet been published, including the finding that Imipramine could potentially treat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), a disease that currently does not have any treatment or vaccine. Since this in-silico protocol is simple to use and does not require advanced computer skills, we believe any motivated participant with access to these databases and tools would be able to apply it to large datasets to identify other potentially repurposable drugs in the future.
Particulate Matter and Respiratory Symptoms among Adults Living in Windhoek, Namibia; a Cross Sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Hamatui Ndinomholo , Beynon Caryl
Published: October 2016

The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and to assess respiratory health risks associated with Particulate Matter (PM) exposure among the residents of Windhoek, Namibia. Objectives: To measure particulate pollution concentration in Windhoek through monitoring of particulate matter concentration and to identify any associations between particulate pollution, individual location and respiratory health among the Windhoek resident’s. Methods: an adapted standardized self-administered questionnaire was used to collect respiratory health related data as well as previous exposure, while PM monitoring was done using ASTM D1739 reference method. Results: A high prevalence was observed for cough (43%), breathlessness (25%), and Asthma (11.2%). PM was found to be a significant risk factor for episode of cough and phlegm, while high PM exposure category had increased odds ratio for episode of phlegm and cough (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 0.8-8.0). No association was observed between location and respiratory health outcomes. Conclusion: The study found high levels of PM concentration across all Windhoek suburbs which were above the German, American and EPA. Enactment of legislation relating to the control and monitoring of PM related emissions at point of generation is required at country and city level.
KEANEKARAGAMAN ILES-ILES (Amorphophallus spp.) DAN POTENSINYA UNTUK INDUSTRI PANGAN FUNGSIONAL, KOSMETIK, DAN BIOETANOL
Authors: Supriati Yati
Published: October 2016

Iles-iles (Amorphophallus spp.) memiliki keanekaragaman yang tinggi, tercatat ada 200 spesies di dunia,  menyebar terutama di Asia, yakni di Tiongkok, Vietnam, Indonesia, dan Thailand masing-masing 15, 21, 24, dan 53 spesies. Namun, hingga saat ini baru tiga spesies yang sudah diusahakan di Indonesia, yaitu Amorphophallus companulatus (Roxb.), A. variabilis Blume, dan  A. oncophyllus Prain ex Hook.f.  synonym A. moelleri  Blume. Iles-iles mempunyai nilai ekonomi karena umbinya mengandung glukomanan, suatu senyawa polisakarida jenis hemiselulosa yang bersifat hidrokoloid, larut dalam air, jernih, rendah kalori, dan bebas dari gluten. Kandungan glukomanan pada iles-iles, A. konjac, A. oncophyllus, dan A. variabilis masing-masing 64, 55, dan 44%. Dalam industri pangan, glukomanan digunakan sebagai bahan pengental, pem-bentuk gel, pengemulsi, dan penstabil. Sebagai sumber pangan fungsional, glukomanan berperan antara lain dapat mengontrol kadar lipida dan gula darah pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2, mengurangi obesitas, mencegah dan menghambat kanker, serta menurunkan gejala klinis divertikulosis. Pada industri kosmetik, tepung konjak digunakan untuk membuat spon pembersih wajah dan kulit yang sangat halus dan bersifat agak alkali untuk membersihkan noda dan debu berminyak. Manfaat lain dari glukomanan ialah dalam pembuatan bioetanol. Kadar etanol tertinggi yang dapat dihasilkan dari umbi iles-iles adalah 79,94 g/l  pada suhu fermentasi 30° C dengan pemberian ragi 15 g. Hasil panen umbi iles-iles di wilayah subtropis berkisar 11-30 t/ha, sedangkan di Indonesia hanya 10-12 t/ha. Sebagai bahan baku industri pangan, kosmetik, dan bioetanol, tantangan dalam pengembangan iles-iles di Indonesia ialah bagaimana mendapatkan dan merakit varietas unggul dengan kadar glukomanan tinggi dan teknologi pengolahan sampai menjadi produk siap pakai.
The surroundings and the age of the upper paleolithic site on Susak island
Authors: Schweitzer Ferenc , Kis Éva
Published: October 2016

Our study investigates the paleoenvironmental conditions of an Upper Paleolithic site found in the excavation of the North Adriatic Susak Island. Our research explores the range of the loess and loesslike sediments deposited on rudist limestone which is the substratum of the island. We studied the Quaternary sediments by a coherent paleoenvironmental assessment method. The geomorphological and the various chronological analysis contribute significantly to the extension of our knowledge on the paleoenvironmental conditions of the Upper Paleolithic site (Radiocarbon age is 31,830 ±720 yr BP) on Susak Island.
The Mass Ratio of the Epiphytic Periphyton of the Nyéki-Holt-Duna
Authors: Lakatos Gyula , Mátrai Ildikó , Kundrát János , Gyulai István
Published: October 2016

The knowledge of the periphytic structure is important for the fact that the composition of epiphytic periphyton indicates the ecologically different habitats, the biological state of water-quality and its changes. Plants like reed, great bulrush, saligot, pondweed, and water-rose separately were collected from the different sampling sites for the epiphytic periphyton examination. We performed the comparability of the monitoring systems based on the periphyton category (mass), the group (ash%), the type (chl-a%), and the character (AI), and we used the biological indicators to determine the ecological state. Taking into consideration the examined years and the results of the analysis of the mass and the chemical composition of the periphyton, by means of the NTPI, the overweight of the good ecological state is characteristic of the Nyéki-Holt-Danube.
Is desertification a problem in Hungary?
Authors: Kertész Ádám
Published: October 2016

The term of “desertification” refers to a land degradation processes of arid, semiarid and sub-humidareas. Although the concept originates from Sub-Saharan Africa, desertification threatens also the areaof Hungary. The greatest desertification risk is in the central part of the country, in the Danube-TiszaInterfluve where drought has always been a huge problem for the local society. Aridification processesare mainly due to climate change. Temperature increase and precipitation decrease as well as the increaseof the frequency and amplitude of extreme events contribute to the acceleration of desertification risk.Severe or moderate droughts occur in Hungary nearly every year. Drought frequency has increased,primarily in the last decades. Main findings of several research projects of MEDALUS II and III EUFramework projects (experiments on the effects of climate change on vegetation, soils and ground waterlevel) are summarized in the paper.
The Effect of Evolved CO2 on Wormhole Propagation in Carbonate Acidizing
Authors: Cheng H.. , Zhu D.. , Hill A. D.
Published: October 2016

Matrix acidizing is a commonly used stimulation technique for oil and gas wells. In carbonate reservoirs, acid is injected into the formation to dissolve carbonate rock and create highly permeable channels called wormholes. For a constant volume of acid injection, different injection rates create wormholes with different lengths. The injection rate that creates the deepest wormhole is called the optimal acid-injection rate. Optimal injection rate is determined in laboratory experiments by measuring the pore volumes to breakthrough (i.e., the volume of acid injected in a coreflood for the wormhole to reach the exit end of the core, normalized by the initial pore volume of the core). Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is commonly used for carbonate acidizing treatments. The reaction between HCl and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) creates carbon dioxide (CO2). At laboratory conditions, 1,000-psi backpressure is commonly used for acidizing experiments to keep CO2 in solution. However, on the basis of the solubility of CO2 in water, 1,000 psi may not be enough to keep CO2 in solution. In such a case, undissolved CO2 can be present as a gaseous phase in the system. Because the properties of CO2 change with pressure and temperature, the evolution of CO2 and its effect on wormhole-propagation efficiency need to be investigated to evaluate optimal acid-injection conditions accurately.

In this study, coreflooding experiments are conducted to examine the effects of evolved CO2 on wormholing behavior. The experiments are conducted at both room temperature and an elevated temperature. Different backpressures from 500 to 3,000 psi are applied in the experiments. The Buijse and Glasbergen (2005) model is used for curve fitting to obtain the optimal acid flux and optimal pore volume to breakthrough for each experiment. Computed-tomography (CT) -scan images are taken for each core sample after acid injection to evaluate the structures of the wormholes.

The test results show that the effect of CO2 on wormholing depends on the temperature, pressure, and injection rate. For low injection rate, CO2 present as a gaseous phase slows wormhole-propagation efficiency dramatically, and enlarged wormhole diameter is observed. At injection rates greater than the optimal rate, the effect of CO2 is less pronounced, particularly at higher temperatures.
Prediction of °API Values of Crude Oils by Use of Saturates/Aromatics/Resins/Asphaltenes Analysis: Computational-Intelligence-Based Models
Authors: Goel Purva , Saurabh Kumar , Patil-Shinde Veena , Tambe Sanjeev S.
Published: October 2016

The °API value is an important physicochemical characteristic of crude oils often used in determining their properties and quality. There exist models—predominantly linear ones—for predicting the °API magnitude from the molecular composition of a crude oil. This approach is tedious and time-consuming because it requires quantitative determination of numerous crude-oil components. Usually, the hydrocarbons present in a crude oil are grouped according to their molecular average structures into saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) fractions. An °API-value prediction model dependent on these four fractions is relatively easier to develop, although this approach has been rarely used. A rigorous scrutiny suggests that some of the dependencies between the individual SARA fractions and the corresponding °API value could be nonlinear. Accordingly, in this study, SARA-fraction-based nonlinear models have been developed for the prediction of values using three computational-intelligence (CI) formalisms: genetic programming (GP), artificial-neural networks (ANNs), and support-vector regression (SVR). The SARA analyses and °API values of 403 crude-oil samples covering wide ranges have been used in developing these models. A comparison of the CI-based models with an existing linear model indicates that all the former class of models possess a significantly better °API-value prediction and generalization performance than those exhibited by the linear model. Also, the SVR-based model has been found to be the most accurate °API-value predictor. Because of their better prediction accuracy, CI-based models can be gainfully used to predict °API values of crude oils.
Death following removal of a misplaced central venous catheter
Authors: Dessoky Mohammed , Deshpande Sanjay , Scano Riccardo
Published: October 2016

We report the case of a misplaced central venous catheter into the pleural cavity despite the use of ultrasound to aid insertion into the left internal jugular vein. The patient was taking dabigatran for management of embolic complications secondary to atrial fibrillation. Misplacement was undiagnosed despite imaging, and eventually led to severe intrapleural haemorrhage on removal of the line, subsequently leading to death.
Failure of an I‐gel device after use as a conduit for fibreoptic intubation
Authors: Sullivan Gavin
Published: October 2016

A 55 year old ASA physical status 1 male presenting for reversal of hartmann's procedure was intubated fibreoptically via an Igel (Intersurgical) supraglottic airway device. The 15mm connector was found to have fractured at the end of the case, requiring removal of the device and conversion to face mask ventilation. The patient had no adverse outcome and recovered uneventfully.
Lung Isolation in a patient with a difficult airway: nasal intubation and EZ‐Blocker
Authors: Sigurdsson Martin , Swanson Jeffrey , Wee Jon , Yacoubian Stephanie
Published: October 2016

We describe the anaesthetic management of patient with a difficult airway following previous resection and radiation of the neck who presented for video‐assisted thoracoscopic right lower lobectomy. The airway was secured via awake fiberoptic nasal intubation using a 7.0 Nasal RAE tracheal tube, lung isolation was achieved with a Rusch® EZ‐Blocker™Endobronchial Blocker. We describe the management challenges of the case.
Management of massive pulmonary embolus following recent spinal surgery
Authors: Reilly Stuart , Arshad Mohammed Asif , Al‐Chalabi Lemees
Published: October 2016

We describe the case of a patient presenting with paraplegia secondary to a thoracic epidural abscess. In the post‐operative period his management was complicated by life threatening pulmonary embolism. The case highlights the complexity in medical decision‐making relating to managing massive pulmonary embolus in the immediate post‐operative period following invasive spinal surgery.
Penetrating soft palate injury during nasotracheal intubation
Authors: Ayub Arshad , Pillai Meera , Singh Umesh
Published: October 2016

Nasotracheal intubation is generally a safe procedure for securing a definitive airway prior to oropharyngeal surgery. However it is associated with specific injuries that range from minor mucosal injury, to retrophayngeal perforation leading to death. We report a rare case of soft palate perforation during conventional nasotracheal intubation and discuss measures to avoid its occurrence.
Sleeping Beauty ‐ a case of failing to wake from anaesthesia
Authors: Kojro Alexander , Roman David
Published: October 2016

A 44‐year‐old female with a non‐healing gastric ulcer underwent an elective partial gastrectomy and had an uneventful 5‐hour procedure. Prior to induction she was “sleepy” and after 2mg intravenous midazolam was markedly sedated, requiring only 50 mg propofol for induction of anaesthesia. At the end of the case the patient failed to regain sufficient consciousness to allow tracheal extubation. Reversal of neuromuscular blockade was confirmed and, after a further 7 hours intubated on ITU the patients trachea was extubated but she remained somnolent for the next 2 days. This case illustrates the logical step‐wise management of just such a situation, emphasising the early exclusion of those causes with most significant impact on the patient.
Successful popliteal and femoral nerve blocks in a patient with severe Guillain‐Barré syndrome
Authors: Shariat Ali , Vig Sanjana
Published: October 2016

We report the successful use of peripheral nerve blocks for open reduction and internal fixation of a tri‐malleolar ankle fracture in a patient with Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) with severe respiratory insufficiency and bulbar weakness. The patient had no adverse neurological sequelae. Peripheral nerve blocks can be safely administered and should be considered in patients with GBS who are at high risk for complications from general anaesthesia.
Use of Optiflow high flow nasal oxygen therapy in a patient requiring emergency neurosurgery
Authors: Alibhai Moiz , Lloyd Kate F , Kazemi‐Jovestani Keiarash
Published: October 2016

A patient in their ninth decade of life presented with a life threatening head injury resulting in a reduced level of consciousness and severe pneumonia. Invasive ventilation and peri‐operative critical care were deemed not in the patient's best interest. We utilised high flow nasal oxygen therapy via an Optiflow device (Fisher and Paykel Healthcare, New Zealand) that significantly addressed hypoxic respiratory failure, allowing emergency neurosurgical intervention to be performed under local anaesthesia and sedation. The patient survived to hospital discharge.
Reconfiguración parcial en aplicaciones de sistemas digitales utilizando Linux como herramienta para el desarrollo
Authors: Camargo B. Carlos , Sánchez V. Andrés , Rosas Nelson Felipe
Published: October 2016

 

<span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Las características de las FPGAs, tales como la reconfiguración parcial y dinámica, permiten el diseño de sistemas digitales, y en especial de sistemas embebidos, para aplicaciones con fuertes restricciones temporales. En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo de una plataforma embebida que permite la reconfiguración de dispositivos externos. Se presentan las herramientas desarrolladas para la configuración de FPGAs. Así como las ventajas que trae la utilización de la configuración parcial y dinámica junto con un sistema operativo basado en Unix, en este caso uClinux

 
Metodología de diseño de sistemas digitales con reconfiguración parcial dinámica sobre FPGA de bajo costo
Authors: Bastidas Victor , Eslava Garzón Johan Sebastián
Published: October 2016

En este documento se presenta una metodología para el diseño de sistemas digitales usando reconfiguración parcial dinámica basada en diferencias en FPGA de la familia Spartan de Xilinx.Se aborda el problema de diseño en alto nivel de abstracción y se muestran las herramientas disponibles para traducir el diseño en un circuito funcional sobre una plataforma auto-reconfigurable.

 
Criterios industriales en la transferencia de tecnología química
Authors: Durán García Martín Enrique
Published: October 2016

Se realiza un análisis teórico de los indicadores que intervienen en la transferencia tecnológica, haciendo énfasis en aquellos de carácter industrial, logrando proponer 28 criterios industriales a partir de una primera corrida del ciclo metodológico basado principalmente en el método de investigación acción. Los criterios propuestos abarcan los procesos industriales, información cinética y termodinámica, servicios, especificaciones técnicas, control y equipos industriales. Fueron validados a través de la evaluación de las características asociadas a las métricas propuestas. Se concluye que todas las métricas son pertinentes, factibles, profundas y de adecuada escala por tener un porcentaje promedio de aceptación mayor al 75 % tal como lo establece el procedimiento de evaluación.
Prospectiva metodológica para el mantenimiento preventivo
Authors: Giraldo Colmenares Orlando , Villalobos Daniel Eduardo
Published: October 2016

La aplicación del Programa de Mantenimiento Preventivo, en ocasiones genera incertidumbre respecto a los componentes que actúan de manera paralela con el reparado, incluso hay casos en los que sirven para resaltar la anomalía de dichos componentes, consideradas menores o a su vez los reparados reciben los efectos del desgaste de los paralelos, manifestándose en daños colaterales, dejando sin sustento el mantenimiento programado. El proyecto se fundamenta en aplicar a un programa de mantenimiento preventivo de un equipo, una metodología que permita simplificar el macro de los componentes de un equipo en subconjuntos, a los que se les pueda realizar mantenimiento preventivo o correctivo a partir de los valores característicos de sus elementos, consolidados como valores operativos o funcionales.
Implementación de un sistema de seguridad en medidores inteligentes (Smart Grids)
Authors: Camargo B. Carlos , Sáenz Javier , Rosas Nelson Felipe
Published: October 2016

La Integración de la red eléctrica y las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) es el futuro de la energía, el mundo moderno no puede ser concebido sin electricidad y la infraestructura actual está mal adaptada a las necesidades actuales, cada día la demanda de energía es mayor y el medio ambiente sufre debido a la generación de CO2, necesitamos una red inteligente con mejor administración de la energía; implementando estas tecnologías se esperan reducir significativamente los tiempos de lectura en las mediciones, los reportes de fallas y los cambios en la red. En países en desarrollo como Colombia podrán proveer servicios adicionales que ayuden a detectar el robo de energía. Este artículo presenta una propuesta de implementación para la seguridad en las comunicaciones en medidores inteligentes, aplicando hardware y software libre.
Tratamiento superficial de la fibra de Retamo Liso: Mercerización
Authors: Delgado Tobón Arnoldo E. , Aperador William , Palacio Óscar
Published: October 2016

La fibra de retamo liso (Teline Monspessulana) de tamaño de partícula comprendido entre 800-1200 µm fue sometida al proceso de mercerización. Posteriormente la fibra fue analizada mediante espectroscopia de infra-rojo por transformada de Fourier (FT-IR) y microscopia de barrido electrónico (SEM). Los análisis arrojaron cambios en la morfología de la partícula así como la eliminación de sustancias altamente hidrofílicas como hemicelulosa. El tratamiento de mercerización es útil para modificar la superficie de la fibra con el fin de mejorar su compatibilidad en mezclas con polímeros.
Elementos categoriales y orientaciones pedagógicas, tecnológicas y metodológicas para el diseño de cursos
Authors: Gutiérrez Castro Bladimir , Munévar García Pablo
Published: October 2016

El presente artículo pretende dar a conocer los elementos que a nivel de categorías, deben ser tenidas en cuenta para el diseño de estrategias formativas en cursos virtuales. La relevancia de este estudio se sustenta en la identificación de criterios fundamentales, –que de aquí en adelante llamaremos orientaciones– los cuales se sugiere tener en cuenta para el desarrollo y diseño de actividades formativas al interior de escenarios virtuales, para ello se contrastan experiencias en el campo nacional e internacional en un estado del arte que sintetiza dichas relaciones. Teniendo en cuenta lo expuesto y al analizar esta coyuntura educacional en la formación virtual que estamos viviendo se hace necesario diseñar y construir de forma consensuada y contextualizada una serie de determinaciones o líneas de acción a nivel pedagógico, tecnológico y metodológico que orienten y faciliten el desarrollo de excelentes procesos educativos en modalidad virtual. Al continuar el diseño y construcción de los elementos categoriales, producto del estudio e investigación realizado, se determinó su debida implementación en un programa de pregrado y uno de posgrado, y presentar los resultados obtenidos a la comunidad en general.
Prototipo de unidad de ionización electrónica para conservaciónde la «carica papaya»
Authors: Vargas Guativa Javier Andrés , Arango Carrillo Jeison , Isaza Domínguez Lauren Genith
Published: October 2016

Debido a que la papaya es una de las frutas de mayor comercialización y consumo en la región (la Orinoquía) y el país, presenta una problemática como la de pertenecer a una de las frutas más perecederas debido a su alto contenido de agua en su composición química y un alto grado de susceptibilidad para contraer enfermedades causadas por microorganismos y hongos como la antracnosis producida por los hongos Glomerella cingulata y colletotrichum gloesporioides que causan erosiones en las frutas y a su vez deja de ser atractiva a la vista del comerciante y consumidor. 

En la actualidad, este tipo de tecnología es escasa, lo cual hace necesario generar técnicas y equipos adecuados para su conservación durante el proceso de distribución ya que su tiempo de vida útil es muy corto debido a la humedad relativa del ambiente, es por ello que la ionización electrónica como agente conservador puede ser una alternativa para la solución de esta problemática la cual se comprobó con la unidad ionizadora ion - v1, presentando una óptima solución a los anteriores inconvenientes.

 

 

El objetivo del prototipo se centra en generar la ionización suficiente mediante el funcionamiento de sistemas de generación y control electrónico de altos voltajes negativos capaces de producir la dosificación suficiente y eficiente de radiación ionizante saludable para el fruto y que no afecte la salud humana con el fin primordial de prolongar la vida útil de la papaya mediante su exposición preservándola para consumo.

ION - V1 está diseñada para producir ionización negativa, lo suficiente para retardar la maduración del fruto y evitar que los agentes contaminantes como bacterias y hongos degraden la fruta hasta el punto de no poder ser consumida debido al alto grado de  contaminación y putrefacción de la misma; el tratamiento mediante dosis suministradas de iones negativos fue oportuno retardando la descomposición molecular y por consiguiente evitar una posible contaminación.

 
Compresión de imágenes, en el servicio radiológico como un componente de infraestructura en el modelo de salud colombiano
Authors: Aparicio Pico Lilia Edith , López Sevillano Alexandra , Cardenas Julian Luciano
Published: October 2016

El artículo muestra el proceso de compresión de imágenes para la Transformada Discreta del Coseno (DCT).  Siendo una de las transformaciones más importantes en el área de la compresión de imágenes digitales. La DCT transforma un bloque de datos en un nuevo conjunto de valores.

Se expone un  estudio  de  compresión  de imágenes  aplicada  al  campo  de  la  salud específicamente para el servicio de radiología,  donde se utiliza el proceso de la  Transformada Discreta del Coseno (DCT) como la Transformada Inversa Discreta del Coseno (IDCT). En este caso, un algoritmo  rápido  es  usado  para  la  DCT,  el  cual  es  realizado  empleando  aritmética  paralela permitiendo que la  arquitectura  diseñada   alcance  un  mejor  desempeño  de  las  implementaciones  en software.

Primero   se muestra   las   diferentes   modalidades   de imagen que se introducen al sistema de compresión, para obtener los resultados mediante simulaciones en Mathlab.    Posteriormente,    con    base    en    los    resultados se observa la aplicación del servicio de radiología dentro del componente de infraestructura en el sector salud y finalmente un análisis de producción desde el año 2011 hasta el 2014 de las instituciones hospitalarias.
Selección del sistema de propulsión de un vehículo urbano con bajo consumo de combustible
Authors: Cerpa Bernal Rafael Mauricio , Mónico Muñoz Luisa Fernanda , Cortés Ruiz Diego Fernando , Mustafa Prieto Samy Walid , Bonilla Candidata Anlly
Published: October 2016

El vehículo urbano con bajo consumo de combustible, aplicado a la competencia Eco Shell Marathon, contará con un sistema de propulsión híbrido que tiene componentes eléctricos y mecánicos; los cuales están encargados de generar tracción a partir de energía química obtenida de un combustible. Los parámetros de velocidad y carga paga vienen dados por la normatividad de la competencia, que a su vez se utiliza para establecer los requerimientos que el vehículo debe  suplir. El artículo está enfocado hacia el proceso de selección de los sistemas del motor híbrido, aplicado en la industria automotriz, ya que está siendo comprobada la teoria de la reducción en el impacto ambiental haciendo un menor uso de hidrocarburos.
Enseñanza de la Química en Carreras Profesionales de Modalidad Virtual
Authors: Cárdenas Rodríguez Yiny Paola , Vega Vega Juan Carlos , Niño Duarte Franklin
Published: October 2016

Los procesos de enseñanza - aprendizaje de las ciencias exactas son por lo general encasillados como difíciles y descontextualizados, aún más, en procesos virtuales donde las prácticas de laboratorio están ausentes por su carácter de presencialidad y la explicación temática de tablero es omitida, dejando de lado las posibilidades infinitas que nos pueden brindar el uso de herramientas TIC en procesos de formación.

De acuerdo a lo anterior, surge la necesidad de diseñar e implementar metodologías orientadas a procesos e-learning que propicien la construcción de conocimiento en ciencias exactas a partir de aprendizajes situados. Es así que la Universidad Manuela Beltrán, pone a su disposición la metodología de enseñanza para modalidad virtual, la cual se da a conocer en el desarrollo de este artículo de reflexión.

 
Posicionamiento de fuente sonora virtual en navegación para personas invidentesVirtual Sound Source Positioning for Navigation of Visually Impaired
Authors: Štorek Dominik , Rund František , Vítek Stanislav , Baráth Tomáš
Published: October 2016

Este artículo describe las opciones de crear un Espacio Acústico Virtual para propósitos de navegación de personas invidentes en un ambiente desconocido. La idea de navegación acústica está basada en el uso de sonidos posicionados virtualmente a través de audífonos, los cuales son presentados al cliente a través de un operador de cámara.
Esta propuesta requiere una mirada cercana al efecto de movimiento de la cabeza y habilidad del operador de cámara para guiar al cliente con los estímulos sonoros para evitar los obstáculos existentes. El presente artículo continúa con la anterior investigación, extiende los primeros resultados y sugerencias y descubre nuevos aspectos para
ser analizados.
Sistema electrónico para la adquisición, procesamiento y comunicación de las señales eléctricas para el uso en redes inteligentes (Smart Grids)
Authors: Camargo B. Carlos , Asprilla M. , Rosas Nelson F.
Published: October 2016

La medición de energía de forma remota es un proceso importante para muchas empresas que comercializan el servicio. En la actualidad, los sistemas de distribución se están convirtiendo en plataformas  inteligentes que son capaces de comunicarse de forma bidireccional con los usuarios utilizando diversos medios [1], permitiendo reducir de forma considerable la lectura de la medición, el reporte de fallas y el cambio de topología de la red. En países en vías de desarrollo como Colombia proporcionan servicios adicionales que ayudan a detectar el robo de energía.
A black-box model for generation of site-specific WWTP influent quality data based on plant routine data
Authors: Ahnert Markus , Marx Conrad , Krebs Peter , Kuehn Volker
Published: October 2016

This paper presents a simple method for the generation of continuous influent quality datasets for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that is based on incomplete available routine data, only, without referring to any further measurement. In the approach, Weibull-distributed random data are fitted to the available routine data, such that the resulting distribution of influent quality data shows the identical statistical characteristics. Beside the description of the method, this paper contains a comprehensive analysis of robustness and universality of the approach. It is shown that incomplete datasets with only 10% remaining influent quality data can be filled with this method with nearly the same statistical parameters as the original data. In addition, the use with datasets of different WWTP plants sizes results always in a good agreement between original and filled datasets.
Improving the sensitivity of the activated sludge respiration inhibition test and verifying the results using an oxidation-reduction potential electrode
Authors: Friedrichs F. , Rudolph K. U. , Nguyen Bich Hanh , Meinardi D. , Genthe W. , Trung D. Q.
Published: October 2016

The inhibition of activated sludge respiration is one of the most important parameters for monitoring wastewater toxicity. The main objective of this study was to improve respiration inhibition testing in order to protect the biological degradation within the aerobic process in a wastewater treatment plant more efficiently. In order to influence the sensitivity of the testing bacteria, two different nutrient solutions were selected for biological testing, synthetic wastewater according to ISO 8192 and NaAc (sodium acetate). The effects of the nutrient solutions on heavy metal speciation and their respiration inhibition were investigated. The toxicants Zn(II), Cu(II), Cr(VI) and 3,5 DCP (3,5-dichlorophenol) were used as standards to determine toxicities and to study the influence of nutrient solutions. Results have shown that NaAc as a nutrient solution sensitized the respiration inhibition test up to a factor of 7.7. Furthermore, an oxidation reduction potential electrode can be used as an alternative tool to verify the results obtained with an oxygen sensor.
Eco-friendly process combining physical–chemical and biological technics for the fermented dairy products waste pretreatment and reuse
Authors: Kasmi Mariam , Hamdi Moktar , Trabelsi Ismail
Published: October 2016

Residual fermented dairy products resulting from process defects or from expired shelf life products are considered as waste. Thus, dairies wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) suffer high input effluents polluting load. In this study, fermented residuals separation from the plant wastewater is proposed. In the aim to meet the municipal WWTP input limits, a pretreatment combining physical–chemical and biological processes was investigated to reduce residual fermented dairy products polluting effect. Yoghurt (Y) and fermented milk products (RL) were considered. Raw samples chemical oxygen demand (COD) values were assessed at 152 and 246 g.L−1 for Y and RL products, respectively. Following the thermal coagulation, maximum removal rates were recorded at 80 °C. Resulting whey stabilization contributed to the removal rates enhance to reach 72% and 87% for Y and RL samples; respectively. Residual whey sugar content was fermented using Candida strains. Bacterial growth and strains degrading potential were discussed. C. krusei strain achieved the most important removal rates of 78% and 85% with Y and RL medium, respectively. Global COD removal rates exceeded 93%.
KAJIAN PENERAPAN GMP DAN SSOP PADA PENGOLAHAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) ASAP DI KECAMATAN TANJUNG RAYA KABUPATEN AGAM
Authors: Nur Yusra
Published: October 2016

Masyarakat Sumatera Barat sejak lama mengenal ikan salai, yaitu ikan yang dikeringkan melalui proses pengasapan. Hampir semua jenis ikan dapat dibuat ikan salai, salah satunya adalah ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Nagari Koto Malintang,  Bayua dan Sigiran Kecamatan Tanjung Raya, Kabupaten Agam pada bulan Mei 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1). Mengetahui proses pengolahan ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) asap yang biasa dilakukan oleh nelayan pengolah dan 2). Program kelayakan dasar (GMP dan SSOP) dan tingkat penerapannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dan dianalisis secara deskriptif  kualitatif. Berdasarkan kegiatan ini diketahui proses pengolahan ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) asap masih bersifat tradisional dan belum menerapkan standar GMP dan SSOP dalam mengolah ikan asap.

 

Kata kunci: Penerapan, GMP, SSOP, Nila (Oreochromis niloticus),
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENENTU YANG MEMPENGARUHI PETANI MENANAM TANAMAN SELA DIANTARA KARET DI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Nugraha Iman Satra , Alamsyah Aprizal , Agustina Dwi Shinta , Syarifa Lina Fatayati
Published: October 2016

Kebiasaan menanam tanaman sela telah lama dilakukan oleh petani. Namun, pada saat pendapatan petani meningkat karena harga karet tergolong tinggi petani karet masih membudayakan menanam tanaman sela. Oleh karena  itu penelitian dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi petani konsisten menanam tanaman sela. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Pangkul (Kabupaten Muara Enim), Desa Lubuk Bandung (Kabupaten Ogan Ilir) dan Desa Marta Jaya (Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu). Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei melalui wawancara secara terstruktur. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive dengan jumlah sampel 43 responden. Pengolahan data menggunakan analisis regresi stepwise. Variabel yang berpengaruh kuat tersebut yaitu pendapatan tanaman sela, pengalaman berkebun, pendidikan petani, tujuan menanam tanaman sela dan pekerjaan pokok petani dengan masing-masing nilai koefesien adalah 0,000001 ; 0,003 ; -0,03 ; 0,16 ; -0,07. Variabel bebas yang berpengaruh positif terhadap perilaku menanam tanaman sela adalah pendapatan tanaman sela, pengalaman berkebun dan tujuan menanam tanaman sela. Sedangkan variabel bebas lainnya berpengaruh negatif.

 

Diterima : 4 Agustus 2015 / Direvisi : 4 Februari 2016 / Disetujui : 16 Maret 2016

 

How to Cite : Nugraha, I., Alamsyah, A., Agustina, D., & Syarifa, L. (2016). Faktor-faktor penentu yang mempengaruhi petani menanam tanaman sela diantara karet di Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Penelitian Karet, 34(1), 77-88. Retrieved from http://ejournal.puslitkaret.co.id/index.php/jpk/article/view/217
PENINGKATAN TITIK LEMBEK ASPAL TERMODIFIKASI MENGGUNAKAN BLOCK SKIM RUBBER (BSR) TERDEPOLIMERISASI
Authors: Ramadhan Arief , Kinasih Norma Arisanti
Published: October 2016

Titik lembek jalan beraspal cenderung lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan suhu di permukaan jalan. Terutama pada suhu lingkungan yang tinggi, jalan beraspal menjadi rusak. Peningkatan titik lembek aspal dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan karet alam pada aspal. Penambahan belerang dan resin perlu diberikan pada aspal termodifikasi karet alam untuk meningkatkan kompatibilitas aspal-karet alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa karakteristik aspal termodifikasi yang dihasilkan dari penambahan karet alam jenis block skim rubber (BSR) terdepolimerisasi, belerang, dan resin terhadap titik lembek aspal termodifikasi. Bahan pemodifikasi aspal seperti BSR terdepolimerisasi ditambahkan sebanyak 6% (b/b), sedangkan belerang dan resin masing-masing ditambahkan sebanyak 2, 4, dan 6% (b/b). Formulasi terbaik bahan pemodifikasi  dipilih berdasarkan titik lembek tertinggi yang dihasilkan. Karakteristik aspal termodifikasi BSR terdepolimerisasi dan belerang menghasilkan titik lembek aspal yang lebih tinggi dan waktu pencampuran yang lebih lambat dibandingkan dengan aspal termodifikasi BSR terdepolimerisasi dan resin. Formulasi aspal termodifikasi terbaik dihasilkan  dari penambahan 6% (b/b) BSR terdepolimerisasi dan 6% (b/b) belerang, dengan nilai titik lembek yang dicapai sebesar 750C. Nilai ini memenuhi standar minimum titik lembek aspal yang dipersyaratkan oleh standar aspal polimer (SNI 6749:2008) sebesar 560C.

Diterima : 25 Januari 2015; Direvisi : 22 April 2015; Disetujui : 2 Juli 2015

 

How to Cite : Ramadhan, A., & Kinasih, N. A. (2015). Peningkatan titik lembek aspal termodifikasi menggunakan block skim rubber (BSR) terdepolimerisasi. Jurnal Penelitian Karet, 33(2), 203-210. Retrieved from http://ejournal.puslitkaret.co.id/index.php/jpk/article/view/185

 
Comparison between DOA Estimation Subspace methods for incoherent and coherent signals
Authors: Abdalla Ahmed , Mohammed Suhad , Bin Tang , Mary Atieno Jumma , Abdalla Abdelazeim
Published: October 2016

This paper considers the problem of estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) for the both incoherent and coherent signals from narrowband sources, located in the far field in the case of uniform linear array sensors. Three different methods are analyzed. Specifically, these methods are Music, Root-Music and ESPRIT. The pros and cons of these methods are identified and compared in light of different viewpoints. The performance of the three methods is evaluated, analytically, when possible, and by Matlab simulation. This paper can be a roadmap for beginners in understanding the basic concepts of DOA estimation issues, properties and performance.
The Use of Object-oriented Social Environments for Social Work
Authors: Kok Ayse
Published: October 2016

This article documents the design and pilot delivery of a computer-mediated baby welfare practice course founded on constructivist instructional principles. It was created by Family Nurse Partnership (FNP)- part of the National Health Services (NHS) in UK in 2015.Offered to healthcare practitioners via the Internet using web-based tools and resources, the course expanded access to the baby welfare specialization option for nurses working for FNP. The article examines emerging teaching and learning options across major components of online course development and delivery. After providing a contextual background, constructivist instructional design theory is summarized, and a rationale for adopting this approach is discussed. This is followed by a brief report on the findings of the formative evaluation of the pilot delivery. Finally, the evolving underpinnings of online instruction are considered, including shifts in the roles of learners and instructors and the role of pedagogy in an evolving educational paradigm.
Implementation and Verification of Synchronous FIFO using System Verilog Verification Methodology
Authors: Rizvi Navaid Zafar , Arora Rajat , Agrawal Niraj
Published: October 2016

Developing complex nature of patterns & concurrency of Integrated Circuits has made conventional coordinated test- benches an unworkable answer for testing. Nowadays, testing as a word has been substituted with check. Confirmation specialists need to guarantee what goes to the plant for assembling is an exact representation of the specification of configuration. Verification is the maximum time consuming stage in the whole design process, thus it has become a necessity to minimize the time required to encounter the confirmation necessities. The relentless growth in the complexity of the system, has led to the requirement of a more advanced, well organized and automated approach for creating verification environments. As the designs gets complex, the probability of occurrence of bugs increases. This nеcеssitatеd the introduction of the verification phase for verifying the functionality of the IC and to detect the bugs at an early stage. In this paper, the synchronous FIFO design is verified using System Verilog Verification Environment.
Techniques for Throughput Enhancement in Wireless Networks
Authors: Miyim Abubakar Muhammad
Published: October 2016

In wireless systems, unnecessary signal degradation are caused by spurious timeouts from highly variable round-trip times (RTTs) for transmission control protocol (TCP). This paper proposes two methods of improving TCP throughput in wireless networks. Selecting a threshold higher than standard for retransmission timeout (RTO) and use of select-N-repeat (SNR) and trace-N-retransmit (TNR) as retransmission policies upon packet timeout are the two techniques adopted in this study. Simulations reveals that the former method helps reduce timeouts and provides relative throughput gain in a simulated network environment. However in the later method, TNR was found to improve throughput gain by about 8% over the SNR policy when packets at the receiver end arrive out-of-order.
CDBA based current instrumentation amplifier
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , Gupta Kunal , Pandey Neeta , Pandey Rajeshwari
Published: October 2016

This paper presents a novel method to realize a current mode instrumentation amplifier (CMIA) through CDBA (Current difference Buffered Amplifier). It employs two CDBAs and two resistors to obtain desired functionality. Further, it does not require any resistor matching. The gain can be set according to the resistor values. It offers high differential gain and a bandwidth, which is independent of gain. The working of the circuit is verified through PSPICE simulations using CFOA IC based CDBA realization.