bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential Eligibility Vectors for Advantage Updating and Gradient Methods
Authors: Melo Francisco
Published: September 2022

In this paper we propose differential eligibility vectors (DEV) for temporal-difference (TD) learning, a new class of eligibility vectors designed to bring out the contribution of each action in the TD-error at each state. Specifically, we use DEV in TD-Q(lambda) to more accurately learn the relative value of the actions, rather than their absolute value. We identify conditions that ensure convergence w.p.1 of TD-Q(lambda) with DEV and show that this algorithm can also be used to directly approximate the advantage function associated with a given policy, without the need to compute an auxiliary function - something that, to the extent of our knowledge, was not known possible. Finally, we discuss the integration of DEV in LSTDQ and actor-critic algorithms.
Finding Answers and Generating Explanations for Complex Biomedical Queries
Authors: Erdem Esra , Erdem Yelda , Erdogan Halit , Oztok Umut
Published: September 2022

We present new methods to efficiently answer complex queries overbiomedical ontologies and databases considering the relevant partsof these knowledge resources, and to generate shortest explanationsto justify these answers. Both algorithms rely on the high-levelrepresentation and efficient solvers of Answer Set Programming. Weapply these algorithms to find answers and explanations to some complexqueries related to drug discovery, over PharmGKB, DrugBank, BioGrid, CTD and Sider.
Social Relations Model for Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Li Wu-Jun , Yeung Dit-Yan
Published: September 2022

We propose a novel probabilistic model for collaborative filtering (CF), called SRMCoFi, which seamlessly integrates both linear and bilinear random effects into a principled framework. The formulation of SRMCoFi is supported by both social psychological experiments and statistical theories. Not only can many existing CF methods be seen as special cases of SRMCoFi, but it also integrates their advantages while simultaneously overcoming their disadvantages. The solid theoretical foundation of SRMCoFi is further supported by promising empirical results obtained in extensive experiments using real CF data sets on movie ratings.
Quantity Makes Quality: Learning with Partial Views
Authors: Cesa-Bianchi Nicolò , Shalev-Shwartz Shai , Shamir Ohad
Published: September 2022

In many real world applications, the number of examples to learn from is plentiful, but we can only obtain limited information on each individual example. We study the possibilities of efficient, provably correct, large-scale learning in such settings. The main theme we would like to establish is that large amounts of examples can compensate for the lack of full information on each individual example. The type of partial information we consider can be due to inherent noise or from constraints on the type of interaction with the data source. In particular, we describe and analyze algorithms for budgeted learning, in which the learner can only view a few attributes of each training example, and algorithms for learning kernel-based predictors, when individual examples are corrupted by random noise.
New Expressive Languages for Ontological Query Answering
Authors: Calì Andrea , Gottlob Georg , Pieris Andreas
Published: September 2022

Ontology-based data access is a powerful form of extending database technology, where a classical extensional database (EDB) is enhanced by an ontology that generates new intensional knowledge which may contribute to answer a query. Recently, the Datalog+/- family of ontology languages was introduced; in Datalog+/-, rules are tuple-generating dependencies (TGDs), i.e., Datalog rules with the possibility of having existentially-quantified variables in the head. In this paper we introduce a novel Datalog+/- language, namely sticky sets of TGDs, which allows for a wide class of joins in the body, while enjoying at the same time a low query-answering complexity. We establish complexity results for answering conjunctive queries under sticky sets of TGDs, showing, in particular, that ontological conjunctive queries can be compiled into first-order and thus SQL queries over the given EDB instance. We also show some extensions of sticky sets of TGDs, and how functional dependencies and so-called negative constraints can be added to a sticky set of TGDs without increasing the complexity of query answering. Our language thus properly generalizes both classical database constraints and most widespread tractable description logics.
End-User Feature Labeling via Locally Weighted Logistic Regression
Authors: Wong Weng-Keen , Oberst Ian , Das Shubhomoy , Moore Travis , Stumpf Simone , McIntosh Kevin , Burnett Margaret
Published: September 2022

Applications that adapt to a particular end user often make inaccurate predictions during the early stages when training data is limited. Although an end user can improve the learning algorithm by labeling more training data, this process is time consuming and too ad hoc to target a particular area of inaccuracy. To solve this problem, we propose a new learning algorithm based on Locally Weighted Logistic Regression for feature labeling by end users, enabling them to point out which features are important for a class, rather than provide new training instances. In our user study, the first allowing ordinary end users to freely choose features to label directly from text documents, our algorithm was more effective than others at leveraging end users’ feature labels to improve the learning algorithm. Our results strongly suggest that allowing users to freely choose features to label is a promising method for allowing end users to improve learning algorithms effectively.
Enhancing Semantic Role Labeling for Tweets Using Self-Training
Authors: Liu Xiaohua , Kuan Li , Zhou Ming , Xiong Zhongyang
Published: September 2022

Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) for tweets is a meaningful task that can benefit a wide range of applications such as fine-grained information extraction and retrieval from tweets. One main challenge of the task is the lack of annotated tweets, which is required to train a statistical model. We introduce self-training to SRL, leveraging abundant unlabeled tweets to alleviate its depending on annotated tweets. A novel strategy of tweet selection is presented, ensuring the chosen tweets are both correct and informative. More specifically, the correctness is estimated according to the labeling confidences and agreement of two Conditional Random Fields based labelers, which are trained on the randomly evenly spitted labeled data; while the informativeness is in proportion to the maximum distance between the tweet and the already selected tweets. We evaluate our method on a human annotated data set and show that bootstrapping improve a baseline by 3.4% F1.
Identifying Evaluative Sentences in Online Discussions
Authors: Zhai Zhongwu , Liu Bing , Zhang Lei , Xu Hua , Jia Peifa
Published: September 2022

Much of opinion mining research focuses on product reviews because reviews are opinion-rich and contain little irrelevant information. However, this cannot be said about online discussions and comments. In such postings, the discussions can get highly emotional and heated with many emotional statements, and even personal attacks. As a result, many of the postings and sentences do not express positive or negative opinions about the topic being discussed. To find people’s opinions on a topic and its different aspects, which we call evaluative opinions, those irrelevant sentences should be removed. The goal of this research is thus to identify evaluative opinion sentences. A novel unsupervised approach is proposed to solve the problem, and our experimental results show that it performs well.
A Simple and Effective Unsupervised Word Segmentation Approach
Authors: Chen Songjian , Xu Yabo , Chang Huiyou
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we propose a new unsupervised approach for word segmentation. The core idea of our approach is a novel word induction criterion called WordRank, which estimates the goodness of word hypotheses (character or phoneme sequences). We devise a method to derive exterior word boundary information from the link structures of adjacent word hypotheses and incorporate interior word boundary information to complete the model. In light of WordRank, word segmentation can be modeled as an optimization problem. A Viterbi-styled algorithm is developed for the search of the optimal segmentation. Extensive experiments conducted on phonetic transcripts as well as standard Chinese and Japanese data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. On the standard Brent version of Bernstein-Ratner corpora, our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art Bayesian models by more than 3%. Plus, our approach is simpler and more efficient than the Bayesian methods. Consequently, our approach is more suitable for real-world applications.
Using Semantic Cues to Learn Syntax
Authors: Naseem Tahira , Barzilay Regina
Published: September 2022

We present a method for dependency grammar induction that utilizes sparse annotations of semantic relations. This induction set-up is attractive because such annotations provide useful clues about the underlying syntactic structure, and they are readily available in many domains (e.g., info-boxes and HTML markup). Our method is based on the intuition that syntactic realizations of the same semantic predicate exhibit some degree of consistency. We incorporate this intuition in a directed graphical model that tightly links the syntactic and semantic structures. This design enables us to exploit syntactic regularities while still allowing for variations. Another strength of the model lies in its ability to capture non-local dependency relations. Our results demonstrate that even a small amount of semantic annotations greatly improves the accuracy of learned dependencies when tested on both in-domain and out-of-domain texts.
Balancing Safety and Exploitability in Opponent Modeling
Authors: Wang Zhikun , Boularias Abdeslam , Mülling Katharina , Peters Jan
Published: September 2022

Opponent modeling is a critical mechanism in repeated games. It allows a player to adapt its strategy in order to better respond to the presumed preferences of his opponents. We introduce a new modeling technique that adaptively balances exploitability and risk reduction. An opponent’s strategy is modeled with a set of possible strategies that contain the actual strategy with a high probability. The algorithm is safe as the expected payoff is above the minimax payoff with a high probability, and can exploit the opponents’ preferences when sufficient observations have been obtained. We apply them to normal-form games and stochastic games with a finite number of stages. The performance of the proposed approach is first demonstrated on repeated rock-paper-scissors games. Subsequently, the approach is evaluated in a human-robot table-tennis setting where the robot player learns to prepare to return a served ball. By modeling the human players, the robot chooses a forehand, backhand or middle preparation pose before they serve. The learned strategies can exploit the opponent’s preferences, leading to a higher rate of successful returns.
Multi-Observation Sensor Resetting Localization with Ambiguous Landmarks
Authors: Coltin Brian , Veloso Manuela
Published: September 2022

Successful approaches to the robot localization problem include Monte Carlo particle filters, which estimate non-parametric localization belief distributions. However, particle filters fare poorly at determining the robot's position without a good initial hypothesis. This problem has been addressed for robots that sense visual landmarks with sensor resetting, by performing sensor-based resampling when the robot is lost. For robots that make sparse, ambiguous and noisy observations, standard sensor resetting places new location hypotheses across a wide region, in positions that may be inconsistent with previous observations. We propose Multi-Observation Sensor Resetting, where observations from multiple frames are merged to generate new hypotheses more effectively. We demonstrate experimentally in the robot soccer domain on the NAO humanoid robots that Multi-Observation Sensor Resetting converges more efficiently to the robot's true position than standard sensor resetting, and is more robust to systematic vision errors.
Automated Abstractions for Patrolling Security Games
Authors: Basilico Nicola , Gatti Nicola
Published: September 2022

Recently, there has been a significant interest in studying security games to provide tools for addressing resource allocation problems in security applications. Patrolling security games (PSGs) constitute a special class of security games wherein the resources are mobile. One of the most relevant open problems in security games is the design of scalable algorithms to tackle realistic scenarios. While the literature mainly focuses on heuristics and decomposition techniques (e.g., double oracle), in this paper we provide, to the best of our knowledge, the first study on the use of abstractions in security games (specifically for PSGs) to design scalable algorithms. We define some classes of abstractions and we provide parametric algorithms to automatically generate abstractions. We show that abstractions allow one to relax the constraint of patrolling strategies' Markovianity (customary in PSGs) and to solve large game instances. We additionally pose the problem to search for the optimal abstraction and we develop an anytime algorithm to find it.
A Robotics Environment for Software Engineering Courses
Authors: Goebel Stephan , Jubeh Ruben , Raesch Simon-Lennert
Published: September 2022

The initial idea of using Lego Mindstorms Robots for student courses had soon to be expanded to a simulation environment as the user base in students grew larger and the need for parallel development and testing arose. An easy to use and easy to set up means of providing positioning data led to the creation of an indoor positioning system so that new users can adapt quickly and successfully, as sensors on the actual robots are difficult to configure and hard to interpret in an environmental context. A global positioning system shared among robots can make local sensors obsolete and still deliver more precise information than currently available sensors, also providing the base necessary for the robots to effectively work on shared tasks as a group. Further more, a simulator for robots programmed with Fujaba and Java which was developed along the way can be used by many developers simultaneously and lets them evaluate their code in a simple way, while close to real-world results.
On Improving Conformant Planners by Analyzing Domain-Structures
Authors: Nguyen Khoi , Tran Vien , Son Tran , Pontelli Enrico
Published: September 2022

The paper introduces a novel technique for improving the performance and scalability of best-first progression-based conformant planners. The technique is inspired by different well-known techniques from classical planning, such as landmark and stratification. Its most salient feature is that it is relatively cheap to implement yet quite effective when applicable. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is demonstrated by the development of new conformant planners by integrating the technique in various state-of-the-art conformant planners and an extensive experimental evaluation of the new planners using benchmarks collected from various sources. The result shows that the technique can be applied in several benchmarks and helps improve both performance and scalability of conformant planners.
Planning for Operational Control Systems with Predictable Exogenous Events
Authors: Brafman Ronen , Domshlak Carmel , Engel Yagil , Feldman Zohar
Published: September 2022

Various operational control systems (OCS) are naturally modeled as Markov Decision Processes. OCS often enjoy access to predictions of future events that have substantial impact on their operations. For example, reliable forecasts of extreme weather conditions are widely available, and such events can affect typical request patterns for customer response management systems, the flight and service time of airplanes, or the supply and demand patterns for electricity. The space of exogenous events impacting OCS can be very large, prohibiting their modeling within the MDP; moreover, for many of these exogenous events there is no useful predictive, probabilistic model. Realtime predictions, however, possibly with a short lead-time, are often available. In this work we motivate a model which combines offline MDP infinite horizon planning with realtime adjustments given specific predictions of future exogenous events, and suggest a framework in which such predictions are captured and trigger real-time planning problems. We propose a number of variants of existing MDP solution algorithms, adapted to this context, and evaluate them empirically.
Recognizing Plans with Loops Represented in a Lexicalized Grammar
Authors: Geib Christopher , Goldman Robert
Published: September 2022

This paper extends existing plan recognition research to handle plans containing loops. We supply an encoding of plans with loops for recognition, based on techniques used to parse lexicalized grammars, and demonstrate its effectiveness empirically. To do this, the paper first shows how encoding plan libraries as context free grammars permits the application of standard rewriting techniques to remove left recursion and ε-productions, thereby enabling polynomial time parsing. However, these techniques alone fail to provide efficient algorithms for plan recognition. We show how the loop-handling methods from formal grammars can be extended to the more general plan recognition problem and provide a method for encoding loops in an existing plan recognition system that scales linearly in the number of loop iterations.
When to Stop? That Is the Question
Authors: Reches Shulamit , Kalech Meir , Stern Rami
Published: September 2022

When to make a decision is a key question in decision making problems characterized by uncertainty. In this paper we deal with decision making in environments where the information arrives dynamically. We address the tradeoff between waiting and stopping strategies. On the one hand, waiting to obtain more information reduces the uncertainty, but it comes with a cost. On the other hand, stopping and making a decision based on an expected utility, decreases the cost of waiting, but the decision is made based on uncertain information. In this paper, we prove that computing the optimal time to make a decision that guarantees the optimal utility is NP-hard. We propose a pessimistic approximation that guarantees an optimal decision when the recommendation is to wait. We empirically evaluate our algorithm and show that the quality of the decision is near-optimal and much faster than the optimal algorithm.
Stopping Rules for Randomized Greedy Triangulation Schemes
Authors: Gelfand Andrew , Kask Kalev , Dechter Rina
Published: September 2022

Many algorithms for performing inference in graphical models have complexity that is exponential in the treewidth — a parameter of the underlying graph structure. Computing the (minimal) treewidth is NPcomplete, so stochastic algorithms are sometimes used to find low width tree decompositions. A common approach for finding good decompositions is iteratively executing a greedy triangulation algorithm (e.g. minfill) with randomized tie-breaking. However, utilizing a stochastic algorithm as part of the inference task introduces a new problem — namely, deciding how long the stochastic algorithm should be allowed to execute before performing inference on the best tree decomposition found so far. We refer to this dilemma as the Stopping Problem and formalize it in terms of the total time needed to answer a probabilistic query. We propose a rule for discontinuing the search for improved decompositions and demonstrate the benefit (in terms of time saved) of applying this rule to Bayes and Markov network instances.
Conflict-Driven Constraint Answer Set Solving with Lazy Nogood Generation
Authors: Drescher Christian , Walsh Toby
Published: September 2022

We present a new approach to enhancing answer set programming (ASP) with constraint programming (CP) techniques based on conflict-driven learning and lazy nogood generation.
Provoking Opponents to Facilitate the Recognition of their Intentions
Authors: Bisson Francis , Kabanza Froduald , Benaskeur Abder Rezak , Irandoust Hengameh
Published: September 2022

Possessing a sufficient level of situation awareness is essential for effective decision making in dynamic environments. In video games, this includes being aware to some extent of the intentions of the opponents. Such high-level awareness hinges upon inferences over the lower-level situation awareness provided by the game state. Traditional plan recognizers are completely passive processes that leave all the initiative to the observed agent. In a situation where the opponent's intentions are unclear, the observer is forced to wait until further observations of the opponent's actions are made to disambiguate the pending goal hypotheses. With the plan recognizer we propose, in contrast, the observer would take the initiative and provoke the opponent, with the expectation that his reaction will give cues as to what his true intentions actually are.
Web Personalization and Cohort Information Services for Natural Resource Managers
Authors: Redman Crystal
Published: September 2022

We aim to address yet unanswered questions in web personalization by providing an integrated view of documents found through different tools, considering user confidentiality, emphasizing the benefits of client-side web personalization, and highlighting the power of social webpage recommendation when traditional information retrieval and collaborative filtering methods are used in conjunction. These principles define a framework which leverages groupings of users with overlapping interests called user cohorts.
Convergence Properties of (μ + λ) Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Ter-Sarkisov Aram , Marsland Stephen
Published: September 2022

We present a number of convergence properties of population-based Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) on a set of test functions. Focus is on EA using k-Bit-Swap (kBS) operator. We compare our findings to past research.
Dynamic Batch Mode Active Learning via L1 Regularization
Authors: Chakraborty Shayok , Balasubramanian Vineeth , Panchanathan Sethuraman
Published: September 2022

We propose a method for dynamic batch mode active learning where the batch size and selection criteria are integrated into a single formulation.
A Framework for Integration of Logical and Probabilistic Knowledge
Authors: Wang Jingsong , Valtorta Marco
Published: September 2022

Integrating the expressive power of first-order logic with the ability of probabilistic reasoning of Bayesian networks has attracted the interest of many researchers for decades. We present an approach to integration that translates logical knowledge into Bayesian networks and uses Bayesian network composition to build a uniform representation that supports both logical and probabilistic reasoning. In particular, we propose a new way of translation of logical knowledge, relation search. Through the use of the proposed framework, without learning new languages or tools, modelers are allowed to 1) specify special knowledge using the most suitable languages, while reasoning in a uniform engine; 2) make use of pre-existing logical knowledge bases for probabilistic reasoning (to complete the model or minimize potential inconsistencies).
DETERMINANTS OF IMPULSIVE BUYING BEHAVIOUR AND A MODEL PROPOSAL
Authors: KURT Samet , KARDİYEN Filiz , BAKIR M.akif
Published: September 2022

Impulsive buying is a sudden, unplanned purchase that the consumer makes without thinking about the consequences. Impulsive buying has become an important economic phenomenon due to the availability of credit cards, the existence of online shopping options, and the spread of shopping mall culture. This study investigates the effects of social media, hedonic consumption and conscientiousness on the impulsive buying behaviour of consumers in the city of Ankara, Turkey. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 784 customers in 14 shopping centers. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to validate the proposed model. The results showed significant relationship between the factors social media, hedonic consumption, conscientiousness and impulsive buying. It is also found that the customers making shopping list have less impulsive buying than those who do not have shopping list, and also women are more impulsive buyer than men.
Paved by Good Intentions
Authors: Finch Emily G.
Published: September 2022

I was thrilled to be accepted into the University of Michigan for my Masters of Science in Information, but it was an unexpected deviation as my health derailed my original plan to pursue a career in criminal law. As I enrolled in classes with my peers who intended to pursue careers as librarians and archivists, I was the odd person out asking myself how I could market my research in these courses to law schools in the future. I had always assumed I had incompatible passions, a love for history, literature, and research coupled with disinterest in pursuing a single field towards a Ph.D., and that my legal career would support my hobbies in the cultural heritage sector. With a heavy dose of irony I walked into “SI519 Intellectual Property and Information Law,” my first graduate school class, determined to use it to confirm to law schools my decision to pursue criminal law, but walked across the stage at graduation ecstatic to build a career at the intersection of copyright law and cultural heritage. Fantastic mentors, supportive networks, and timely court rulings and legislative changes, paved a path and provided me a stepping stone into a career at the intersection of my passions in a field I had not known existed. I entered the field at an increasingly critical time and had unique access to practitioners that helped create opportunities for engagement without which, I would not have had the opportunity to accept a tenure track librarian position at the age 24 as my first full time job out of library school.
From Novice to Expert: Building Copyright Expertise Over Time
Authors: Savage Stephanie
Published: September 2022

Students and early career professionals should not be dissuaded from considering a career in copyright librarianship if they have an interest in the subject matter and a willingness to seek out professional development opportunities. Despite starting my MLIS degree with no legal or academic libraries experience, I was able to obtain a skill set in copyright literacy that enabled me to secure an entry level copyright librarian position upon graduation. Those who are willing to embrace being a novice and seek out available opportunities to build their expertise will find copyright librarianship a rewarding and valuable area of specialization to pursue.
Imaginarios y representaciones del anti-imperialismo
Authors: García Molinero Alberto
Published: September 2022

Después de más de medio siglo de lucha por la solidaridad e integración desde el Sur-Global, la Organización de Solidaridad de los Pueblos de África, Asia y América Latina, más conocida como la OSPAAAL, cerró sus puertas definitivamente en el año 2019. La OSPAAAL fue la primera gran organización capaz de dar voz a los pueblos del Tercer Mundo a nivel mundial. A través de un lenguaje gráfico propio y de la Revista Tricontinental, esta ‘ONG’ constituyó un referente de cooperación, integración y lucha por la solidaridad entre los pueblos del Sur Global durante más de medio siglo. Construir hoy alternativas y estudiar referentes del pasado como pueda ser esta organización es una labor esencial para afrontar los grandes desafíos del siglo XXI en materia de cooperación internacional entre los países del Sur Global.
segregación urbana antigitana
Authors: Botana Iglesias Cristina
Published: September 2022

Cuando en la segunda mitad del siglo XX las periferias urbanas gallegas se colmataron de chabolas se aplicaron realojos masivos, aunque insuficientes y fragmentados, en nuevos barrios de absorción. Las familias gitanas quedaron relegadas a realojos posteriores y a soluciones especiales en actuaciones segregativas que componen la expresión territorial del antigitanismo estructural histórico. En este artículo se analiza el papel de las instituciones públicas en la producción de estos asentamientos segregados de infravivienda que reproducen los mecanismos de colonialidad aplicados al territorio y el habitar. Además, se presentan las aproximaciones metodológicas aplicadas al estudio de estos asentamientos precarios identificando las ausencias que debemos superar y confrontar, tanto en los aspectos teóricos como prácticos.
Nacionalizar e imperar
Authors: Szpiga Amadeo
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo pretende mostrar cómo el proceso de adquisición derivativa de la nacionalidad española funciona a modo de imperativo de asimilación de los sujetos provenientes de las excolonias. A través del análisis del régimen jurídico de la nacionalidad en el ordenamiento español, y partiendo de las propuestas epistémicas del pensamiento decolonial y el posestructuralismo, se ilustra cómo la nacionalización no es un acto de reparación histórica, sino que constituye una verdadera modalidad colonial de inclusión, y puede entenderse como la tecnología de un dispositivo jurídico-colonial que, a la vez que legitima la acción del colonialismo bajo un pretendido reconocimiento de derechos, produce sujetos de gubernamentalidad colonial. El ensayo concluye con la necesidad perentoria de dejar de buscar reconocimiento en los ojos del colonizador como primera condición de posibilidad para la descolonización.
Espacio y tabú
Authors: Rodríguez Botero Germán Darío
Published: September 2022

Este ensayo se propone como una introspección en la reflexión semiótica sobre las propiedades retóricas del espacio habitado, desde la postura de lo que se conoce como tabú, término extensamente desarrollado por Sigmund Freud. El espacio habitado, por la exclusividad de su concepción arquitectónica y urbana, relacionada con los discursos sintácticos y formales promovidos por el lenguaje academicista, cierra la posibilidad de ser leído a partir de sus propias prácticas culturales donde pueden ser legibles sus “microdiscursos ocultos”, conforme lo establecen las ciencias del signo como la semiótica y el psicoanálisis. El diseño y los procesos estéticos para materializar el espacio habitado derivan de tipos y caracteres fijos manifiestos en el ejercicio proyectual, es decir, de una sintaxis espacial que conduce a codificaciones racionalizadas. Por esta razón conviene reflexionar sobre los elementos que permitirían reconocer el rol del espacio habitado respecto de los demás sistemas de signos que se forjan a través de las diversas prácticas de la cultura misma
«Diglosia convivencial»
Authors: Gómez Abeledo Guada
Published: September 2022

El territorio de convivencia en que habitaban las personas que compartían conmigo la vida, la investigación y la historia, eran el campo, y el porqué de nuestras relaciones asimétricas mi cuestionamiento. Para explicar qué es el racismo y por qué se da entre los/as que viven en la aldea y los/as que viven en la villa, necesité un concepto que me fuese útil y comencé a tejerlo alrededor de mi reflexión-acción. Comencé interesada por la diglosia como concepto de la lingüística que arguye cómo las lenguas pueden estar jerarquizadas, y cómo esta jerarquización privilegia a los/as hablantes que dominan la lengua que goza del poder político y social, subordinando a los que hablan la lengua inferiorizada a espacios domésticos y familiares sin poder social, ni político. Y comprendí que en la convivencia está presente la diglosia por lo que nació «Diglosia convivencial» para explicar una realidad compleja. Dislocar la diglosia hacia la convivencia en Galicia me ayudó a comprender qué ocurría; por eso «diglosia convivencial» defiendo que es un concepto facilitador, un bisturí, y central en la autoetnografía que utilizo como metodología.  En cada investigación vuelvo a necesitar explicar y explicarme cómo y por qué las relaciones en un territorio entre los que habitan:  Lenguas, hablas, formaciones, pieles u otra característica son utilizadas para clasificar, jerarquizar y sobre todo situar a unos/as sobre otros/as con un interés. Para aprehender sutilidades y brutalidades racistas «diglosia convivencial» se fue preñando de subconceptos que matizan, once: Cultura hegemónica, identidad inevitable, territorio, lógica ajena, tolerancia liberal, vaciado de sustancia, ideología, desigualdad de poder, clasificación, racismo epistémico y garantía cultural. El racismo es la conclusión, que nunca concluye nada. El racismo me viste y me reviste; la «diglosia convivencial» complejiza la abstracción del análisis cuidadoso y encarnado que resulta de la convivencia asimétrica, el racismo.
Percepción, animismo y formación del símbolo en el arte infantil
Authors: León del Río Belén
Published: September 2022

En este articulo analizaremos los procesos psicológicos que formarían parte de la aprehensión de la realidad en la creación artística infantil que no diferiría del modo de obrar del artista adulto donde hemos comprobado como el niño poseería una concepción del mundo de carácter animista y mágico. Esta función psicológica estaría guiada por la intuición que conectaría al mismo tiempo con la percepción sensorial siendo de carácter irracional además de depender esencialmente de estímulos objetivos derivados de causas físicas que el arte infantil se traducirá en imágenes simbólicas. Estas premisas nos llevarían a la conclusión de que la actividad lúdica-artística del niño se articularía a través de un simbolismo que surgiría del inconsciente y de su afectividad, generando una percepción subjetiva y analógica de la realidad que uniría el entorno exterior del niño con su Yo más profundo, en este proceso la fantasía creativa fusionaría los opuestos impulsando así el desarrollo psicológico del niño.
Identidades femeninas subalternas y el espacio de liminalidad en la Pulquería
Authors: Ruiz Reyes María del Pilar , Solorio Santiago Eduardo
Published: September 2022

En este articulo nos proponemos analizar la producción de identidades subalternas en el contexto de la pulquería como un espacio liminal, para tal efecto partimos de explicar la producción del espacio desde la propuesta de Henry Lefebvre y damos cuenta de dichas identidades subalternas desde el análisis de la fase liminal del ritual de Víctor Turner. Para alcanzar este objetivo revisamos de manera particular tres dimensiones: espacio, territorio y lugar con la finalidad de profundizar en sus implicaciones y alcances explicativos. Para esto, partimos de algunos artículos de revisión crítica que plantean problematizar la producción del espacio como una dimensión compleja (López y Ramírez, 2012; Licona, 2014; Hiernaux y Lindon, 2003). Mostramos un análisis centrado en la pulquería Todos Contentos, en la ciudad de San Juan del Río, Querétaro, México, como un espacio social en construcción donde se reproducen identidades femeninas subalternas a partir de redes de reciprocidad y solidaridad.
Palabras Clave: Lugar. Espacio. Identidad. Subalterno. Liminal.
pueblo gitano contra el sistema-mundo: anticapitalismo y feminismo desde Andalucía.
Authors: García Fernández Javier
Published: September 2022

La presente entrevista es una transcripción de la sesión del 11 de diciembre del 2020 del Seminario Poscolonialismos, diálogos sobre el giro decolonial y epistemologías del sur: Perspectivas críticas para la investigación en ciencias sociales y humanidades. Dicho Seminario fue dirigido por Javier García Fernández en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Granada. Además de Pastora Filigrana, asistieron al seminario como conferenciantes invitados Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Ramón Grosfoguel, Karina Otxoa, Montserrat Garcelán, Gerardo Pisarello, entre otros. Una versión del programa del Seminario se puede consutar aquí: https://cemed.ugr.es/curso/20gr72/ La entrevista fue realizada por Javier García Fernández, y transcrita por Maria Da Corte, becaria del Seminario. Los arreglos de edición y corrección han sido realizados por Javier García Fernández.
Transformaciones y transiciones educativas en México
Authors: Vilchis Torres Ivett , Arguello Zepeda Francisco , Segura Lazcano Gustavo A.
Published: September 2022

En las últimas décadas, sociedad y gobierno se han esforzado en lograr que más jóvenes tengan acceso a la educación superior, ofreciendo igualdad de oportunidades para los diferentes estratos de la población, bajo la consideración primordial de que ésta sea de calidad, invirtiendo recursos y procurando políticas que garanticen la mejora de resultados en el ámbito educativo. Las transiciones educativas en México obedecen, principalmente, al cambio de políticas educativas derivado de inicios sexenales, lo que dificulta estandarizar criterios, como es el caso de los conceptos de calidad y excelencia, el primero considerado en el periodo neoliberal y el segundo como sello en el ámbito educativo de la 4T. Y es justo el concepto de excelencia lo que nos convoca a reflexionar sobre la inclusión social y el acceso a las nuevas tecnologías en el ámbito educativo de quienes menos tienen y, en contexto de una pandemia que se extiende en tiempo y espacio, la viabilidad de aplicar el modelo híbrido como nueva estrategia enseñanza aprendizaje.
APLIKASI STRATEGI TERJEMAHAN ARAB-MELAYU DALAM UNGKAPAN IDIOMATIK ANGGOTA BADAN
Authors: Abdul Majid Muhammad Arsyad , Mohd Isa Abdul Azim , Zakaria Muhammad Zaidi , Al-Islami Moh Shin Ahmad Jalaluddin
Published: September 2022

Kajian ini membincangkan aplikasi strategi terjemahan ungkapan idiomatik Arab ke bahasa Melayu. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti persamaan dan perbezaan yang terdapat dalam ungkapan idiomatik antara bahasa Arab dan bahasa Melayu berdasarkan penggunaan simbol anggota badan dan menganalisis strategi terjemahan yang boleh diaplikasi oleh penterjemah untuk menterjemah ungkapan idiomatik tersebut. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif dengan menggunakan analisis kontrastif untuk untuk membandingkan ungkapan idiomatik antara bahasa Arab dan bahasa Melayu berdasarkan penggunaan simbol anggota badan. Perbandingan ini dilakukan berdasarkan tiga ciri utama iaitu simbol, sifat dan makna. Hasil perbandingan itu membentuk lima kriteria berikut: Pertama, simbol, sifat dan makna yang sama; kedua, simbol dan makna yang sama, tetapi sifat yang berbeza; ketiga, sifat dan makna yang sama, tetapi simbol berbeza; keempat, simbol dan sifat yang sama, tetapi berbeza makna dan kelima, makna yang sama tetapi simbol dan sifat yang berbeza. Di samping itu, artikel ini juga cuba mengaplikasi strategi terjemahan metafora yang diperkenalkan oleh Larson (1984). Terdapat lima strategi terjemahan metafora yang boleh diaplikasikan dalam terjemahan ungkapan idiomatik, iaitu: Pertama, mengekalkan metafora bahasa sumber; kedua, menterjemah metafora bahasa sumber menggunakan perumpamaan; ketiga, Menggantikan bentuk metafora bahasa sumber dengan bentuk kiasan bahasa sasaran yang mempunyai makna yang sama; keempat, mengekalkan metafora seperti bentuk asalnya dalam bahasa sumber bersama penjelasan makna dan kelima, menterjemah metafora tanpa mengekalkan imej atau unsur-unsur kiasan bahasa sumber. Kajian ini memberi pendedahan kepada penterjemahan berkenaan strategi yang sesuai untuk diaplikasi dalam terjemahan ungkapan idiomatik dari bahasa Arab ke bahasa Melayu.
INSTITUSI PONDOK SEBAGAI PILIHAN TEMPAT TINGGAL WARGA EMAS WANITA KE ARAH KESEJAHTERAAN HIDUP: KAJIAN KES DI TERENGGANU
Authors: Yusoff Ahmad Faizal , Md Nor Nik Norliati Fitri , Musa Norizan , Abdul Rashid Siti Masayu Rosliah
Published: September 2022

Institusi pondok telah menjadi salah satu pilihan tempat tinggal bagi warga emas beragama Islam untuk tujuan kerohanian. Umur yang panjang dan sihat pada usia 60 tahun dan ke atas adalah masa yang sesuai untuk mendalami ilmu agama dan aktiviti kerohanian sebagai bekalan di akhirat. Kajian ini bertujuan meneroka secara mendalam faktor pendorong warga emas memilih pondok sebagai tempat tinggal dan hubungannya dengan kesejahteraan hidup mereka. Seramai dua puluh (20) orang warga emas dalam kumpulan umur 59 hingga 80 tahun dan beragama Islam di Pondok Al-Huda, Wakaf Tapai, Marang, Terengganu dipilih sebagai responden dengan menggunakan kaedah temu bual mendalam. Maklumat daripada warga emas dikaji dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis kandungan. Hasil kajian menemui faktor utama warga emas memilih tinggal di pondok adalah untuk mencari ketenangan dan menambah ilmu agama. Kebanyakan warga emas wanita cenderung memilih tinggal di pondok kerana kesunyian hidup selepas kematian suami. Dari aspek kesejahteraan, keseluruhan warga emas seronok dan mencapai kesejahteraan jiwa menerusi pelbagai pengisian rohani dan fizikal yang disertai di pondok seperti aktiviti harian yang bermanfaat, peluang berkawan, dan jaminan keselamatan. Kajian ini menonjolkan sumbangan penting Institusi Pondok al-Huda, Wakaf Tapai, Marang, Terengganu sebagai institusi sokongan sosial yang amat diperlukan oleh warga emas untuk menjalani kehidupan pada usia tua yang sejahtera dan selamat.
Attributing Weight to Virtual Objects in Preschoolers
Authors: Krylova S.G. , Vodyakha Y.E.
Published: September 2022

Modern education is undergoing a process of digital transformation at all levels, including preschool. The psychologically founded use of digital technologies makes it relevant to study the child’s ideas about the objects of the digital environment (virtual objects). This empirical study is aimed to test two hypotheses: 1) Preschoolers attribute the quality of weight to virtual objects; 2) Preschoolers perceive virtual objects as light-weighted. 53 children, 3.5 to 5 years old, participated in this study (M=4.3; SD=0.41). The study includes experimental technique (H. Kloos, E.L. Amazeen), assessed children’s perception of weight based on their interaction with these objects without verbal self-report. The weight was operationalized through the location on a hill model (slope length — 40 cm) of two real objects (lightweight — 27 g, heavy — 170 g) and a virtual object, which was previously “lifted on the shelf” on a tablet PC screen. 92.5% of participants designated a specific place on the hill for the virtual object, suggesting they attributed weight to it. For 70.4% of children, the placement of a virtual object (Ме=40 см) does not significantly differ (Temp=13.5 р=0.933) from the placement of a light real object (Ме=40см). For 18.2% of children, the placement of a virtual object (Ме=14.5см) does not significantly differ (Temp=11.5 р=0.673) from the placement of a heavy real object (Ме=12.25см). Further research is necessary to better understand factors contributing to preschoolers’ perception of virtual objects wight.
The Current State of Emergency Psychological Assistance in the Education System
Authors: Ulyanina O.A. , Gayazova L.A. , Ermolaeva A.V. , Faizullina K.A.
Published: September 2022

Scientific interest in providing emergency psychological assistance in crisis situations is based on a practical request, since a crisis incident poses a threat to life and health. The paper presents an analysis of the provision of emergency psychological assistance in the education system. The sample consisted of 3 groups of respondents (12048 individuals) from 75 subjects of the Russian Federation. Specially designed questionnaires were used to obtain information on certain indicators from different sources. The study assessed the state of the infrastructure, collected information on staffing, identified conditions that have a negative impact on the quality and availability of psychological first aid.. According to the results of the study, quality criteria were identified and the directions and measures necessary for the provision of emergency psychological assistance were determined. It is concluded that the effectiveness of psychological assistance in crisis situations depends on the availability of qualified specialists and educational work with teachers and parents to develop skills for early detection of a crisis situation.
The Results of the First Half of the Implementation of Interdepartmental Comprehensive Plans for the Accessibility of all Levels of Education for People with Disabilities and Disorders
Authors: Klochko E.Y. , Rubtsov V.V.
Published: September 2022

The materials of the conference dedicated to the results of the first half of the implementation of the Interdepartmental Comprehensive Plan to increase the accessibility of secondary vocational and higher education for people with disabilities and disorders, as well as the Interdepartmental Comprehensive Plan for the development of inclusive general and additional education, children's recreation, and the creation of special conditions have been published for students with disabilities and disorders. The conference took place on July 29, 2022 in Moscow (Russia).
Vliyanie teploakkumuliruyushchey steny s vodyanym teploobmennikom na okhlazhdayushchuyu nagruzku v zdanii. Chast' 2
Authors: Dzhenblat Sil'vana , Volkova Ol'ga Vladimirovna
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the results of mathematical modeling and experimental research of the effect of a heataccumulating wall with a water heat exchanger on building cooling. It is shown that the use of such a wall reduces electric power consumption and improves the thermal comfort in the premises under climatic conditions of Latakia in Syria. The results of mathematical modeling using the TRNSYS program made it possible to define the effective location of the wall towards the sun, as well as the parameters and operation mode of the water heat exchanger. To verify the adequacy of the model the experimental studies of two rooms were carried out. One of the rooms was a reference and the second had a heataccumulating wall with a water heat exchanger designed in conformity with the data resulted from the modeling. The experimental results showed a satisfactory convergence with the results of mathematical modeling
Obzor metodov ochistki i osushki szhatogo vozdukha
Authors: Podchufarov Aleksey Alekseevich , Zherdev Anatoliy Anatol'evich , Spirina Anastasiya Nikolaevna , Lavrinov Denis Andreevich , Bytsenko Ekaterina Mikhaylovna
Published: September 2022

One of the major factors ensuring the safety and reliability of the operation of technological conditioning and life support systems, industrial and transport pneumatic systems is a strict adherence to a range of measures on air and gas preparation. The use of dehumidifiers is a mandatory requirement for modern systems. Since 2006 the international standard on the quality of compressed air ISO 85731:2010 (GOST R ISО 857312016) has been put to use in the territory of the Russian Federation; it tightened up the requirements for the quality of air preparation to be used in technological equipment. The paper examines such methods of compressed air dehumidification as condensation, adsorption, condensation using the cold of the environment as well as combined (hybrid) schemes, including the use of structured composite adsorption materials (CAM). The authors came to the conclusion about the possibility of using dehumidification methods characterized in this paper.
Absorbtsionnaya kholodil'naya mashina v sisteme razdeleniya vozdukha dlya polucheniya meditsinskogo kisloroda
Authors: Galimova Larisa Vasil'evna , Sedoykin Ivan Evgen'vich
Published: September 2022

The generation of medically pure oxygen is an urgent problem of today. The observation of the operation of air separation plants over a long period of time made it possible to define that in Russia in hot regions in summer the produced capacity of air separation plants (ASP) decreased as well as the quality of the product. To improve the high pressure ASP operation the authors offer to implement an energy saving system on the basis of the lithium bromide refrigerating machine providing atmospheric air cooling before supplying into a compressor. Whereupon, a special role is given to the definition of the concentration of oxygen generated.