bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Topical Cyclosporin-A 0.1% Compared to Combined Topical Cyclosporin-A 0.1% with Topical Sodium Hyaluronate on Interleukin-6 Levels in the Tears of Patients with Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Priani Desti , Muhiddin Habibah S. , Sirajuddin Junaedi , Eka Hasnah B. , Bahar Burhanuddin , Bukhari Agussalim
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Pro-inflammatory cytokines are important contributors to dry eye disease (DED). The cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 has become a therapeutic target in several DED drug studies. This randomized controlled trial aimed to determine the effectiveness of topical cyclosporin-A 0.1% compared to the combination of topical cyclosporin-A 0.1% and sodium hyaluronate in reducing tear IL-6 levels in DED patients. Methods: The participants were 20 patients, each with two eyes, who had moderate-to-severe DED. Before and after treatment, the clinical degree of DED was examined in each group, using ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores, tear break-up time (TBUT), fluorescent tests, and Schirmer I tests. In addition, tear samples were taken to examine IL-6 levels through the ELISA method. The results were analyzed using the t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Mann–Whitney test. The correlation between tear IL-6 levels and the severity of DED was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results: The study showed a significantly lower tear IL-6 level, OSDI score, and degree of ocular staining after either topical cyclosporin-A 0.1% or a combination of topical cyclosporin-A 0.1% and sodium hyaluronate (all values p < 0.05). Conclusions: The combination therapy was superior in reducing tear IL-6 levels. In addition, a correlation existed between tear IL-6 levels and the severity of DED based on the TBUT, although it was weak and not statistically significant.
Phytoplankton Diversity of a Natural Karst Lake Combining Morphological and Molecular Approaches
Authors: Šimunović Maja , Kulaš Antonija , Žutinić Petar , Gligora Udovič Marija
Published: April 2023

Phytoplankton are considered to be one of the most sensitive indicators of the ecological status of lakes. Nowadays, it is essential to recognize the prospects of the molecular approach (eDNA metabarcoding) in phytoplankton community assessments and combine them with the existing traditional microscopy-based morphological approach before its standardization. In this study, the aim was to characterize the phytoplankton community of a natural karstic lake by combining and comparing the morphological and molecular approach to check the applicability of eDNA metabarcoding as a biomonitoring tool. A total of 51 phytoplankton taxa were found using the morphological approach, whilst the molecular approach discovered 97 ASVs that corresponded to the algal community. The comparability of both approaches in describing phytoplankton communities is evident in the designation of centric diatoms, dinoflagellates and cryptophytes as descriptive taxa. Furthermore, both approaches proved reliable in detecting functional groups (Lo, C, X2, X3) with similar ecological demands. Moreover, the results have shown that euphotic zone samples can be reliably exchanged by composite samples to provide an accurate characterization of phytoplankton communities in the euphotic zone. It was confirmed that eDNA metabarcoding is an applicable tool for biodiversity monitoring of a natural karst lake and should be used as a feasible supplement to traditional microscopy in the phytoplankton community assessments, with regards to the drawbacks of each method.
Numerical Research on Migration Law of Typical Chlorinated Organic Matter in Shallow Groundwater of Yangtze Delta Region
Authors: Zhou Jiang , Song Bing , Yu Lei , Xie Wenyi , Lu Xiaohui , Jiang Dengdeng , Kong Lingya , Deng Shaopo , Song Min
Published: April 2023

With the reform of China’s urbanization increasing in popularity, the security issues posed by urban groundwater, especially groundwater in industrial areas, have attracted scholars’ attention. This research aimed to predict and quantify the migration process of contaminants in a microconfined aquifer by conducting a groundwater contamination investigation in an abandoned chemical plant in the Jiangsu Province of China. First, data such as regional hydrogeological parameters and types of contaminants were obtained via hydrogeological drilling, groundwater well monitoring, pumping tests, and laboratory permeability tests, which helped identify the most serious pollution factor: chloroform. Then, a groundwater flow model was built using the Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) and verified using the general-purpose parameter estimation (PEST) package. In addition, based on the three-dimensional multi-species model for transport (MT3DMS) in GMS, a transport model was established. The results illustrate that the plume range of chloroform diffuses with water flow, but, because of its slow diffusion rate and inability to degrade naturally, the concentration of the contaminant has remained several times higher than the safety standard for a long time. The contaminant spread vertically to the soil layer above the microconfined aquifer under pressure, resulting in direct pollution. In addition, the contaminant in the microconfined aquifer is anticipated to migrate down to the clay layer and become enriched. However, the first confined aquifer has not been seriously polluted in the past 20 years. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the parameters shows that groundwater contamination in the Yangtze delta region is greatly affected by precipitation recharge and hydraulic conductivity.
Compilation of Water Resource Balance Sheets under Unified Accounting of Water Quantity and Quality, a Case Study of Hubei Province
Authors: Yuan Liang , Ding Liwen , He Weijun , Kong Yang , Ramsey Thomas Stephen , Degefu Dagmawi Mulugeta , Wu Xia
Published: April 2023

This article discusses the issues caused by traditional water resource development and utilization, as well as policy issues in China that have led to a water crisis. The article proposes a theoretical approach along with a quantitative accounting of water resources, in order to solve these problems. To improve the value accounting method for water resources, the study focuses on a unified accounting perspective of water quantity and quality, allowing for an evaluation of water use efficiency and quality. The study uses prefecture-level cities in Hubei Province as a case study and finds that the water use efficiency of these cities has constantly improved, while water quality has shown an annual improvement. Water resource assets, liabilities, and net assets have increased, but with fluctuations. The study shows differences in water resource assets, liabilities, and net assets in the eastern, central, and western regions of Hubei Province. The unified accounting perspective of water quantity and quality provides a new idea and method for the preparation of water resource balance sheets and will effectively improve the management level and efficiency of water resources.
Understanding the Planform Complexity and Morphodynamic Properties of Brahmaputra River in Bangladesh: Protection and Exploitation of Riparian Areas
Authors: Sarker Shiblu , Sarker Tanni , Leta Olkeba Tolessa , Raihan Sarder Udoy , Khan Imran , Ahmed Nur
Published: April 2023

The Brahmaputra River (BR) is a heavily braided river, due to various intricate paths, high discharge variability and bank erodibility, as well as multi-channel features, which, in turn, cause huge energy dissipation. The river also experiences anastomosing planform changes in response to seasonal water and sediment waves, resulting in a morphology with extreme complexity. The purpose of this study was to provide detailed and quantitative insights into the properties of planform complexity and dynamics of channel patterns that can complement previous studies. This was achieved by investigating the applicability of the anastomosing classification on the Brahmaputra river’s planform, and computing disorder/unpredictability and complexity of fluctuations using the notion of entropy and uniformity of energy conversion rate by the channels, by means of a power spectral density approach. In addition, we also evaluated their correlation with discharge as a dynamic imprint of river systems on alluvial landscapes, in order to test the hypothesis that river flow may be responsible for the development of anastomosing planforms. The analysis suggests that higher discharge values could lead to less complex planform and less fluctuations on the alluvial landscape, as compared to lower discharge values. The proposed framework has significant potential to assist in understanding the response of complex alluvial planform under flow dynamics for the BR and other similar systems.
Ecological Interdependence of Pollution, Fish Parasites, and Fish in Freshwater Ecosystems of Turkey
Authors: Öktener Ahmet , Bănăduc Doru
Published: April 2023

Records of mass fish deaths were found in different data sources for this study. A map of mass fish deaths in Turkey was also realized for the first time. We aimed to present a review of the distribution of mass fish deaths in the freshwater ecosystems of Turkey, mostly present in the Marmara Region and Aegean Sea Region, where there are intensive industrial and agricultural activities. Fish parasites generally occur in equilibrium with their hosts in natural environments. In the freshwater ecosystems of Turkey, which are highly affected by human activities and have extremely rich natural ichthyofauna, the negative effects of pollution on environmental parameters, which can directly affect the fish, and the emergence and overextension of fish parasites can cause a supplementary synergic direct negative effect transposition in mass fish deaths due to the deterioration of host immunity and to the wounds induced in fish where bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens can be effective. Finally, these factors can influence the fish rate of survival and skew the structure of fish populations. Mass fish deaths have been frequently reported in Turkey, but are usually only explained by pollution as a single accepted anthropogenic stressor. Together with pollution, a supplementary induced bioecological stressor, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the fish parasites’ association variations should be assessed and monitored as potential complex precursor indicators of fish communities’ structural degradation and freshwater ecosystems’ dreadful conditions. Fish parasites as biomonitor species should be used to identify the effects of pollution in Turkish ecosystems, and not only in freshwater ecosystems, in the future. An optimum management plan for freshwater ecosystems should include all the physico-chemical factors, fish parasites, and fish elements involved in permanent assessment and monitoring activities.
Disentangling Effects of Natural Factors and Human Disturbances on Aquatic Systems—Needs and Approaches
Authors: Wang Lizhu , Cao Yong , Infante Dana M.
Published: April 2023

Disentangling the effects of natural factors and human disturbances on freshwater systems is essential for understanding the distributions and composition of biological communities and their relationship with physicochemical and biological factors. As the spatial extent of ecological investigations increases from local to global scales, efforts to account for the increasing influence of natural factors become more important. This article synthesizes the current knowledge and commonly used approaches for disentangling these effects on aquatic systems. New understanding has been facilitated by the availability of large-scale geospatial landscape databases that facilitate regional analyses and classifications in conjunction with novel approaches to identify reference conditions and statistical partitioning analyses. This synthesis begins with a summary of how natural factors and human disturbances interactively affect aquatic systems. It then provides an overview of why it is essential to separate the effects of natural factors and human disturbances and a description of examples of landscape databases that make the separation of natural and human factors feasible. It last synthesizes currently-used common approaches for separating the effects of natural factors from human disturbances. Our synthesis assembles representative approaches to disentangling human disturbances in one place to provide new insights that stimulate integrated uses of multiple approaches and the development of new approaches so that management actions can be taken to protect and restore aquatic ecosystem health.
Anthropogenic and Geo-Environmental Impacts on the Hydrosphere: Diagnosis, Monitoring, Assessment, and Sustainable Management
Authors: Alexakis Dimitrios E.
Published: April 2023

A worldwide issue directly affecting human health, resources, and ecosystems concerns the harmful consequences of anthropogenic and geo-environmental influences on the hydrosphere [...]
Evaluation of Invertebrates in Drinking Water Networks
Authors: Gunkel Günter
Published: April 2023

This Special Issue contributes to the evaluation of various aspects of biological drinking water quality and support both fundamental sciences and practical applications by drinking water companies [...]
Assessing the Feasibility of Sustainable Materials to Boost the Sorption of Pharmaceutical Active Compounds When Included in Reactive Barriers in Soil Aquifer Treatment for Water Reuse
Authors: Valhondo Cristina , Duporté Geoffroy , Cabaret Gaëlle , Rosain David , Gomez Elena , Luquot Linda
Published: April 2023

We evaluated the feasibility of five sustainable materials (clay, zeolite, biochar, compost, and woodchips) to be included in a reactive barrier intended to improve the removal of pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) during soil aquifer treatment (SAT). The potential of the five materials to sorb PhACs was assessed and compared to sand capacity through batch experiments. Materials with high organic carbon content (biochar, compost, and woodchips) exhibited a greater capacity to sorb PhACs than materials with a low organic carbon content (clay and zeolite). The ion speciation of the molecules is a major parameter controlling the fate and transport of PhACs during SAT operations. Anionic species are the ones with the highest risk of reaching the aquifer since they are generally less sorbed compared to cationic and neutral species. Experimental parameters such as contact time, solid:water ratio, and grain size had no a significant effect on the sorption of PhACs in the studied materials. The incorporation of biochar, compost, and/or woodchips into reactive barriers will promote the sorption of PhACs and will boost the ability of the SAT system to improve the quality of the recharged water.
Evaluating the Use of Intelligent Irrigation Systems Based on the IoT in Grain Corn Irrigation
Authors: Sharifnasab Hooman , Mahrokh Ali , Dehghanisanij Hossein , Łazuka Ewa , Łagód Grzegorz , Karami Hamed
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the management of smart irrigation in grain maize production (KSC 715 cultivar) at the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII) located in Karaj, Iran, in the year 2020. Irrigation was performed based on 40% moisture discharge farm capacity and was compared with irrigation based on long-term meteorological statistics that have become common in the field (drip irrigation system, type strip, and determining the irrigation time based on the apparent reaction of the plant). The experimental results showed that under the conditions of smart irrigation management, sensitive phenological stages of the plant occur earlier, and the field is ready to be harvested approximately one month earlier; moreover, 35% of irrigation water consumption can be saved. Water consumption decreased from 8839.5 to 5675.67 m3/ha; in addition, grain yield and water productivity decreased. Although the moisture stress applied in the intelligent irrigation system completed the plant phenology period faster and due to earlier harvest, irrigation water consumption was decreased by 35%, water productivity was reduced. Finally, it seems that by adjusting the drought stress application time in more tolerant stages of maize growth in future studies and experiments, it will be possible to decrease irrigation water consumption while increasing the physical productivity of water.
Development of confectionery products based on edible oleogel
Authors:   Department of Food Technology, FSBEI HE Saratov State Agrarian University, Nepovinnykh N. V. , Kutsenkova V. S. ,   Department of Food Technology, FSBEI HE Saratov State Agrarian University, Samira Yeganehzad ,   Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the important issues of replacing saturated and trans fats in foodstuff s with edible oleogels — analogues of solid fats based on vegetable oils, which have a solid consistency. Formulations and technology of edible oleogels based on grape seed oil and a natural structure-former have been developed. The textural characteristics of hybrid gels have been studied. The technology of sugar-free confectionery based on oleogels has been developed.
Identification of food products by methods of multivariate analysis of spectral data and hyperspectral images
Authors:   Department of Commodity Research and Commodity Expert Examination, FSBEI HE Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Metlenkin D.A.
Published: April 2023

The possibility of identifying food products by methods of multivariate analysis of spectral data and hyperspectral images is demonstrated. The multivariate methods used to solve the problems of classifi cation and qualimetry of food products are analyzed. The use of spectral data and the principal component regression method to determine the mass fraction of milk fat in vegetable cream cheese spreads is shown. An analysis of hyperspectral images for sorting avocado fruits by the presence of defects was carried out.
Students’ information competence and their value orientations
Authors:   Department of General Humanities and Socio-Economic Disciplines, Academy of Choral Art named after V.S. Popov (Moscow), Sorokovikova Valentina Ivanovna
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the radical changes that the information revolution has made in the field of education. The emergence of a new educational paradigm involves understanding the goals and means of socialization of the individual in the information society. Information competence of a student becomes the most important condition for his/ her professional and personal self-fulfillment. The most important component of information competence is the value system, which is formed in a consolidated process of education and upbringing. Our time brings to the fore the study of the socio-cultural aspect of human existence in the information environment. In the process of historical development, the ways of storing and transmitting information have changed (from oral to written, then printed and electronic ones). The next stage in the development of information culture organically included the previous one, reworking it. The information society is becoming a new environment for human existence. The author shows that the former educational paradigms have always been based on ideas about human development through education, which included communication. In modern society, the communication process becomes multidirectional, including, in addition to personal contacts, various information carriers, which are university courses, educational portals, electronic encyclopedias, YouTube channels, etc.
Problems of entering the LLC management by a new participant who received a share as a result of dividing the spouses' common property
Authors:   Department of Civil and Business Law, Moscow University for the Humanities, Trukhanova Valeriya Viktorovna
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes one of the most significant problems, namely the issue of participation of a person who received a share as a result of the division of the spouses' common property in the LLC activities. Doctrinal approaches to this problem are considered, and a conflict between family and corporate legislation on this issue is revealed. A special attention is paid to the analysis of judicial practice. As a result, it is concluded that the courts proceed from the provision on the stability of economic relations.
Smart Home technology: automation system and industry development opportunities
Authors:   Romanov Smart Home (IP Romanov A.S.), Moscow, Romanov A.S.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to automation systems "smart home". The author reveals the idea of a "smart home", tells the story of the formation of the industry. The technologies used in modern automation systems and security aspects are presented. The situation on the domestic market today is highlighted.
Biofuel production as a new technology to replace fossil fuels
Authors:   Corporate Relations, UPM, Russia, Malashenko N.Y.
Published: April 2023

Since climate change mitigation is becoming a top priority, the next industrial revolution may well be a revolution driven by the principles of sustainable development. UPM, a forestry company, has developed biofuels that emit about 80% less greenhouse gases than using fossil diesel fuel, and its line of biochemicals is used to replace fossil chemicals in many products.
Conformation and morphological features of the udder of fi rst-calf heifers depending on their belonging to genealogical line
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Russia, Penza, Shishkina T. V. , Skvortsov S. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Russia, Penza
Published: April 2023

The object of research was the fi rst-calf heifers of Black-and-White breed. The purpose of the work was to assess the conformation and morphological features of the udder of fi rst-calf heifers depending on their belonging to genealogical line. Three groups were formed per 30 heads in each for 2–3 months of on the fi rst lactation depending on belonging to the genealogical line. The 1st group included the daughters of sires of the line Wes Back Idial 1013415, the 2nd group of line Montwik Chieftain 95679, the 3rd group of line Refl ection Sovereign 198998. The research was carried out in CJSC “Konstantinovo” in the Penza district of the Penza region. It was found on the base of a linear evaluation of the conformation of the fi rst-calf heifers that the cows of the line Refl ection Sovereign 198998 turned out to be taller, which also had an advantage in the largest number of indicators, namely, the strength of the physique, the position of the pelvis, muscularity, the setting of the hind limbs, the angle of the hoof, the width of the rear udder parts and the length of the teats. The cows of the line Montwick Chieftain 95679 turned out to be more close to the optimal indicators of the linear assessment and diff ered in many ways such as trunk depth, hind limb positioning, hoof angle, length of the anterior udder parts, height of attachment of the posterior udder parts, udder cleft, location of the anterior teats, teats length. The decrease in udder length was more signifi cant in cows of the line Wes Back Ideal 1013415 and Refl ection Sovereign 198998. The characteristics of cows of Black-and-White holsteinezied breed taking into account the methodology of linear evaluation of the udder and its decline indicators, gives a confi dent understanding and judgment about the use of animals in dairy cattle breeding of individual groups formed depending on the belonging to genealogical line, having high indicators close to livestock standards.
Infl uence of genotype of sows on carcass weight of offspring
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Agrarian University”, Russia, Novosibirsk, Zaiko O. A. , Konovalova T. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Agrarian University”, Russia, Novosibirsk, Petukhov V. L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Agrarian University”, Russia, Novosibirsk, Strizhkova M. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Agrarian University”, Russia, Novosibirsk, Korotkevich O. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Agrarian University”, Russia, Novosibirsk, Zheltikov A. I. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Agrarian University”, Russia, Novosibirsk, Biryulya I. K. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Agrarian University”, Russia, Novosibirsk
Published: April 2023

The study of fattening and meat traits of farm animals is relevant in the framework of ecological and genetic screening. The purpose of the work was to establish the infl uence of the genotype of sows on the carcass weight of the off spring obtained from them. Three groups of sows of Landrace breed were formed according to the principle of analogues, in each group they were full sibs, the total number of animals was 13. Pigs were reared in a large pig farm in the Altai Territory. The conditions of housing the animals corresponded to the standard requirements for pork fattening. At the age of about 150–160 days when fattening up to 100 kg of live weight slaughter was performed. The determination of the carcass weight was established by weighing on monorail scales for static mass estimation. The data was evaluated using Microsoft Offi ce Excel and the R programming language in the RStudio data analysis environment version 2022,07,2+576 (RStudio, PBC). The weight of the carcass characterized by the median in litters No. 2386, No. 1902, No. 2849 was 59,60, 63,60 and 71,60 kg, respectively. The analysis of variance carried out using the Kraskel-Wallis criterion indicated that the carcass weight significantly differed in the estimated litters (H = 6,36, df = 2, p = 0,041). A pair wise comparison using the posteriori Dunn test with the Hill correction indicates signifi cant diff erences in the pair of litters No. 2386 and No. 2849. Cluster analysis revealed two clusters: litter No. 2849 and litters No. 1902, No. 2386. The data obtained indicates the infl uence of pig heredity on the studied trait, and can be used in breeding programs and genetic-breeding research.
Changes in the quality of corn silage depending on the hybrid, sowing time and background of mineral nutrition
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Khabarovsk Federal Research Center of Far Eastern Department of Russian Academy of Science, a separate subdivision Far Eastern Agricultural Research Institute (FIARI), Lukashina A. A.
Published: April 2023

In Khabarovsk krai corn is a largly important component in agriculture, as it is one of the most important silage crop. The purpose of this study was to research the quality of corn silage from hybrids of local selection: Alitet-2, Guran-2 and Birsu varietiy, standard hybrid Moldavsky 215 SV, and corn of “Pioner (Pioneer)” company’s breeding: P7515, P8521 and P7460. As a result of three-factor experiment, it was found that R7515, R8521 and R7460 hybrids had green yield from 575 centner/ha to 777,5 centner/ha, which on average is higher than the Alitet-2, Guran-2 hybrids, Birsu variety and standard hybrid Moldavsky 215 SV (from 304,5 centner/ha to 510 centner/ha). According to the phosphorus (P) and crude fi ber content in the dry matter, the hybrid of the local selection, Guran-2, was in the lead; in terms of potassium (K) content, the best was the silage from P7460 hybrid of the “Pioner(Pioneer)” company; the highest rate of crude ash and crude fat in silage was obtained from Birsu variety; the hybrid Р7460 was in the lead in terms of dry matter content percentage-wise; the standard hybrid Moldavsky 215 SV was the best in terms of crude protein and nitrogen content.
La distribución del ingreso en México (2008-2020)
Authors: González Gutiérrez Jorge
Published: April 2023

Este documento explora la distribución del ingreso en México durante el periodo de 2008 a 2020. Para ello, la fuente de información principal es la Encuesta Nacional de Ingreso y Gasto de los Hogares (ENIGH), la cual fue ajustada mediante el Sistema de Cuentas Nacionales. Esta información expone un periodo de descenso de la participación de las remuneraciones al trabajo, acompañado de un notable aumento de las transferencias. Asimismo, se subraya la importancia del ajuste de las encuestas, en temas como la subestimación de los ingresos reportados en los deciles más altos en todo el periodo de estudio en la ENIGH, además de la tendencia divergente de la desigualdad con respecto a los datos con ajuste. Aunado a ello, aquí se muestra que el índice de Gini ha disminuido, en especial en los periodos de 2008 a 2010 y de 2018 a 2020.  En este documento se observa que esta trayectoria está asociada al comportamiento del ingreso de los deciles altos, a la evolución de la política social y a las remesas.
Simulação de ensaio mecânico de tração por elementos finitos utilizando o SolidWorks
Authors: Borges Clécia Santos , Almeida Érica Cristina , Bomfim Danilo Silva , Bomfim Tiago Silva , Lima Kaio Matos
Published: April 2023

Em um projeto, escolher adequadamente o material e conhecer a forma como este se comporta ao ser submetido a esforços mecânicos é de suma importância para o sucesso da proposta. Características como o ponto máximo em que o material alcança a ruptura e deformações extremas podem ser determinadas através da realização de ensaio mecânico de tração, porém tais testes se baseiam em várias hipóteses, exigindo tempo prolongado, grande conjunto de recursos e uma série de tentativas que podem ou não falhar, ocasionando um desperdício de tempo e insumos. Nesse sentido, visando a redução dos desperdícios e custos envolvidos no projeto, o trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma simulação por elementos finitos de ensaio mecânico de tração utilizando análise estática, através do software SolidWorks® simulation manuseando um desenho 3D de corpo de prova de acordo com a norma ASTM D638-14 tipo I configurado como material polimérico PLA (Polylactic Acid). Os resultados da simulação foram comparados com dados experimentais de peças fabricadas por injeção. A simulação apresentou resultados satisfatórios para pequenas deformações visto que se trata de uma análise estática, linear e elástica.
Brinquedo robótico educacional de baixo custo para desenvolvimento do raciocínio lógico matemático
Authors: Rodrigues Mariana Gonçalves , Pereira Fábio Irigon , Nakai Maurício Eiji
Published: April 2023

Interessando-se no desenvolvimento do raciocínio lógico e matemático nos anos iniciais das crianças, e em sua importância, diversos autores sustentam que atividades lúdicas são adequadas e eficazes para o entendimento de temas abstratos como o raciocínio lógico e matemático. Desse modo, projetou-se um brinquedo de baixo custo inspirado no Cubetto, tal brinquedo é constituído de um robô com Arduino e um aplicativo android que se comunica via bluetooth, e foi construído na plataforma do App Inventor do MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), capazes de auxiliarem de forma prática o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem de matemática às crianças da primeira infância, utilizando-se de um jogo com desafios em um tapete quadriculado para estimular o raciocínio lógico nas crianças. O brinquedo não pode ser testado em sala de aula devido a pandemia do COVID-19. Espera-se que posteriormente com a continuidade do projeto possa-se trazer dados do experimento feito com alunos em condições reais.
Colloidal Synthesis of Semiconductor Films for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Chen Akang , Li Xinyuan , Wang Jiale , Zhang Jiatao
Published: April 2023

The semiconductor-based photoanodes have shown great potential on photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation. Compared to the pristine semiconductor, photoanodes fabricated with doped semiconductors exhibit modulated bandgap structure and enhanced charge separation efficiency, demonstrating improved optoelectronic properties. In this work, we develop a colloidal cation exchange (CE) strategy on versatile synthesis of heterovalent doped chalcogenide semiconductor thin films with high surface roughness. Using Ag-doped CdSe (CdSe:Ag) thin films as an example, the organized centimeter-scale CdSe:Ag films with nanometer-scale thickness (thickness around 80 nm, length × width around 1.5 cm × 1.2 cm) exhibit enhanced optical absorbance ability and charge carrier density by tuning the energy levels of conduction and valence bands as well as improved electrical conductivity by Ag dopants compared to the pristine CdSe film obtained by the vapor-phase vacuum deposition strategy. In the meantime, the surface roughness of the as-prepared semiconductor thin films is also increased with abundantly exposed active sites to facilitate accessibility to water for hydrogen generation and suppress photogenerated carrier recombination. The CdSe:Ag film photoanodes exhibit superb PEC hydrogen generation performance with a photocurrent density of 0.56 mA/cm
2
at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, which is nearly 3 times higher than the pristine CdSe film. This work provides a new strategy on colloidal synthesis of photoelectrodes with modulated heterovalent doping and surface roughness for PEC applications.
Fluorination Intensifying Oxygen Evolution Reaction for High-Temperature Steam Electrolysis
Authors: Li Guangdong , Gou Yunjie , Ren Rongzheng , Xu Chunming , Qiao Jinshuo , Sun Wang , Wang Zhenhua , Sun Kening
Published: April 2023

Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) have emerged as one of the most potent techniques for hydrogen production. As the restricted step for SOEC, as well as the most predominant obstacle to the scaled application, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) should be urgently accelerated by developing potent electrocatalysts. Despite inferior electrochemical activity to cobalt-based materials, perovskite ferrites exhibit great potential in the future with regard to good intrinsic stability and durability, abundant reserves, and good compatibility with other SOEC components. In this work, fluorination is introduced to the typical perovskite ferrite to further intensify the OER process. Ab initio calculations combined with physical–chemical characterizations are performed to reveal the mechanism. The doped F
−
leads to debilitating the strength of the metal–oxygen bond and then reduces the energy for oxygen vacancy formation and ion migration, which renders improvements to sub-processes of OER on the anode. The well-verified material, PrBaFe
2
O
5+δ
F
0.1
(PBFOF), exhibited a low polarization resistance of 0.058 Ω cm
−2
. Single cells based on PBFOF showed a high current density of 2.28 A cm
−2
at 750 °C under 1.3 V. This work provides a clear insight into the mechanism of fluorination on perovskites and high-activity anode material for SOEC.
Designing a game program in a camp for children
Authors: Minovskaia Olgа V.
Published: April 2023

The inclusion of the game in the camp program is in the interests of children, teachers, camps. Game change is a creative project, a way of holistic implementation of the plan for teachers. It affects the formation of the face of the camp for parents and children. The task of the research is to identify options where playing is a must-have for the camp. Analysis relies on knowledge about the structure of the game, its elements. The empirical base was the author's camp of role-playing games “Centaurˮ (Kostroma region), the author's camp “City of Hopeˮ (Kostroma region), the group of companies “Collection of Adventuresˮ (Moscow). We studied the experience of these organizations between 1990 and the present. The place of the game in the camp is associated not only with the scale of its use, but also with its functions in the program. We highlighted five options for playing in camp: playing as a form of organization; a combination of games combined by a common theme and plot; the business game as the main construction of the camp; role-playing as the main construction of the camp; role-playing epic. We have developed recommendations for designing the game in the camp. They address such issues: plot choice; the relationship between camp conditions, the plot of the game, and children's activity; game control; roles for children outside the game.
Specifics of modern spontaneous play in preschool children
Authors: Dostanov Mikhail M.
Published: April 2023

The article presents results obtained during the study of various features of preschool children`s play activity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the state of free spontaneous modern preschoolers` play, including role play, or pretend play. The study setting is a state secondary in Moscow. The study involved 26 pupils aged 4 to 6 years. The main study method was included observation of children's play activities. The results showed that modern preschoolers` games plots were mainly reproductive, consisted of stereotypical actions. For the development of the plot and the game as a whole, children needed guidance from an adult. It was found that in most games, the role was missing. Its manifestations, such as role-playing speech, actions according to the role, were extremely rare. Also, in most groups of children, there was a frequent distraction to extraneous stimuli, which almost immediately ruined the course of the game. The data obtained can be used to understand better and study contemporary children's play further.
The study of the influence of perception of different information sources on the mnemic processes of students
Authors: Akopova Milena Av.
Published: April 2023

In the modern world, the role of information and digital technologies on our lives is so great that it is difficult to deny their influence on the psychological characteristics of people. The problem of the influence of various information sources used by modern people (from classical printed sources to smartphones) on their cognitive functions, including memory processes, seems very relevant. Mnemic processes help us navigate information flows, quickly find the material we need to make a rational decision. This article attempts to study the influence of the type of information source on the quantitative characteristics of mnemic processes. A brief analysis of scientific research on the problem under consideration (Sparrow B., Leu D.J., Dutko N.P., Davydovsky A.G., Pishchova A.V., etc.) showed that there are certain correlations between mnemic processes and modern digital information technologies. In an experimental study conducted by us and described in this article, we studied the quality of memorization and reproduction of scientific and artistic text, works of fine art, provided they are perceived from printed and digital sources (smartphone). It is shown that the perception of information from a smartphone affects to a greater extent the quality of memorization of scientific and educational text.
Psychological well-being of Russian and Chinese students
Authors: Li Tong , Samohvalova Anna G.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to determining the level of psychological well-being of Chinese and Russian students in a cross-cultural context. The article presents the concept of psychological well-being, its structure and factors are revealed, empirical referents of the studied phenomenon are determined. The study sample consisted of Chinese (n = 63) and Russian (n = 63) students, as representatives of different cultures. The main criterion for selecting the sample was the ontogenetic stage of personality development - early adulthood, as well as the education of respondents in provincial universities (Russian students studied at Kostroma State University, Chinese students - at Guangxi University). The methodological complex included the “Scale of psychological well-beingˮ by K. Riff in the adaptation of N.N. Lepeshinsky; “Scale of Happinessˮ Lyubomirsky, Lepper adapted by D.A. Leontiev; “Life Satisfaction Scaleˮ Diener, Emmons, Larsen, Griffin adapted by D.A. Leontieva, E.N. Aspen. Significant differences in the psychological well-being of Russian and Chinese students are shown. The author of the article concludes that the indicator of psychological well-being among Chinese and Russian students correlates with the cultural and social contexts of their lives.
Experience of traumatic situations and symptoms of post-traumatic stress in men with experience of sports injury
Authors: Dymova Ekaterina N.
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the experience of traumatic events and symptoms of post-traumatic stress in men involved in amateur sports. The participants of the study were men aged 20-30 years (n = 60), who have been engaged in various types of martial arts at the amateur level for 5 years, and do not have sports qualifications. Martial arts as a sport means combat without the use of weapons. This sport is a dangerous injury, characterized by injuries of various localization. The study involved athletes who had no experience of a sports injury (n = 30) and survived the experience of minor injuries (fractures, facial injuries, bruises, dislocations, etc.), without surgical intervention (n = 30). It is shown that, regardless of life experience, the most traumatic events for the respondents are the events of death, illness and injury of a loved one; become an eyewitness or participant in the death, injuring someone. Injuries, diseases associated with the subject himself, as psycho-traumatic events are noted only by men with experience of a sports injury. They are also characterized by a higher level of post-traumatic stress and the corresponding symptoms of obsessive repetition and negative changes in the cognitive-emotional sphere.
Mastering of subject-oriented technologies by undergraduate students
Authors: Mironova Anna N.
Published: April 2023

Currently, due to the processes of development and modernization of education that are taking place in Russian society, the requirements for a graduate of a pedagogical university are increasing, new guidelines in pedagogical activity are being determined. The organization of training sessions at the university should first of all involve the construction of an educational process that takes into account the educational needs and capabilities of students, and the teaching of disciplines is carried out based on the existing subjective experience. The results of the survey of students and teachers show that currently there is no holistic system in the activities of universities to prepare students for the use of subject-oriented technologies in professional activities. In this regard, an urgent problem is the development of a comprehensive and purposeful preparation of students for the use of subject-oriented technologies at the university. The article describes the experience of studying the course “Technologies of educational activityˮ, during which students master subject-oriented technologies. The logic of studying the discipline as a whole and individual classes using subject-oriented technologies is presented. This work was carried out in undergraduate student groups of the Faculty of Natural Geography of the Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky (Russia, Yaroslavl). The obtained research results confirm the dynamics of students' readiness to use subject-oriented technologies in professional activities. The conducted research touches upon modern aspects of higher and secondary vocational education.
BASİT KARŞILIKLI İŞTİRAK BAĞLAMINDA BİLDİRİM YÜKÜMLÜLÜĞÜ
Authors: AYHAN Alanur
Published: April 2023

Karşılıklı iştirak; sermayenin sulandırılması gibi riskler nedeniyle hukuk sistemlerinde yasaklanmamakta ancak bir takım caydırıcı düzenlemelere konu edilmektedir. Karşılıklı iştirake ilişkin temel düzenlemeler 6102 sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nun (“TTK”) 197. ve 201. maddelerinde yer almaktadır. “Birbirlerinin paylarının en az dörtte birine sahip bulunan sermaye şirketleri”, TTK m. 197 uyarınca karşılıklı iştirak olarak kabul edilmektedir. Doktrinde, basit karşılıklı iştirak ve nitelikli karşılıklı iştirak ayrımı yapılmaktadır. Karşılıklı iştirak oluşturan şirketler arasında TTK m. 195 uyarınca hakimiyet ilişkisi olması halinde bu durum, nitelikli karşılıklı iştirak olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Karşılıklı iştirak oluşturan şirketler arasında TTK m. 195 uyarınca hakimiyet ilişkisi bulunmaması halinde, basit karşılıklı iştirak söz konusu olmaktadır. Basit karşılıklı iştirake bağlanan hukuki sonuçlar, TTK m. 201 f. 1’de düzenlenmektedir. Bilerek basit karşılıklı iştirak oluşmasına neden olan sermaye şirketi, donma yaptırımı ile karşı karşıya kalacaktır. Bilerek basit karşılıklı iştirak konumuna girildiğinin tespiti açısından, bildirim yükümlülüğünü düzenleyen TTK m. 198 önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, basit karşılıklı iştirak bağlamında bildirim yükümlülüğünün yerine getirilişi ve internet sitesinde ilan incelenmiştir.
Moods and Modality in Virtual Communication: The Study of Multimodal Analysis in Teaching Practice
Authors: Asnawi  , Saragih Amrin , Husein Rahmad
Published: April 2023

The focus of the study was on moods and modality in virtual communication. The purposes of the research were to analyze the moods and modalities used by the lectures for virtual teaching to evaluate the manner of the moods and modalities realized in virtual teaching and to investigate reasons underlying the use of moods and modalities in virtual teaching. The sources of data for this research were verbal and nonverbal language from the interactions of virtual teaching. The data were utterances and gestures produced by the lecturers. The research design was qualitative research. The data were collected through recorded videos, observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The techniques of analyzing the data were applying interactive data analysis: data condensation, data display, and drawing and verification conclusion. It was found that the lectures used various kinds of moods. The declarative mood was dominantly used. In terms of modality, both modalization and modulation types of modality were used. The value of the modality selected was low, medium, and high. The manner of the mood system was realized by both marked and unmarked ones. The modalities were realized through the integration of verbal and verbal modalities. The modalities were used to manage the classroom and create a pleasant and understandable teaching and learning atmosphere. The result of this study gives a new insight into the function of language in teaching through online mode.
Material requirements planning method for controlling inventory of raw materials
Authors: Cipta Hendra , Aprilia Rima , Kurniawan Hari
Published: April 2023

The existence of shortages and excesses of production raw materials often occurs in the NR Brownies company where this situation greatly influences the smooth production process, especially in the supply of raw materials which results in sub-optimal expenditure costs. The aim of this research is to find solution how to prevent companies from experiencing these problems on a regular basis which results in less than optimal spending costs. In overcoming this problem, the Material Requirement Planning method is applied, this method is expected to minimize expenditure costs so that the benefits obtained are more optimal. From the research results, the Material Requirement Planning Method for EOQ calculations produces the minimum costs for sugar and oil raw materials of 18.295.130 and 19.591.230 respectively, while the POQ calculation produces the minimum costs for raw materials 14.839.500 for flour, 15.450.000 for eggs, 1.356.650 for cocoa flour, and 2.504.387 for baking powder.