bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from Southern Xizang, China with supplementary knowledge on I. leptocarpa Hook. f.
Authors: TIAN JING , YUAN TAO-HUA , PENG SHUAI , YANG ZHU-ZHU , HU GUANG-WAN , WANG QING-FENG
Published: July 2024

A new species, Impatiens lhunzeensis (Balsaminaceae), and a new record of I. leptocarpa from southern Xizang, China are reported and described in this study. Based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence, both I. lhunzeensis and I. leptocarpa are assigned to I. sect. Racemosae. The new species forms a clade with I. drepanophora, I. eubotrya and I. principis, while I. leptocarpa is phylogenetically close to I. radiata and I. harae. The new species has a sympatric distribution with and is morphologically similar to both I. radiata and I. harae, but differs by the hairy stem, the densely hairy leaf blade, the raceme inflorescence, the reniform dorsal petals, the navicular lower sepal, the broadly ovate to sub-orbicular upper petals and the triangular oblong lower petals.
Two new species of Syzygium (Myrtaceae) from Wawonii Island, Southeastern Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: SUNARTI SITI , RUGAYAH
Published: July 2024

Two new species, Syzygium lampeapiense and Syzygium wawoniense, from Wawonii Island, Sulawesi, are described and illustrated. Syzygium lampeapiense is related to Syzygium comosum, while the latter is to S. ketambense. Both species are described and illustrated, and conservation assessments are provided.
A new species of Tarenna (Rubiaceae: Ixoroideae) from Kerala, India
Authors: JOSE ROBI ALOOR , BALAN ANOOP PUTHUPARAMBIL , PONNACHAN THOMAS VALUKATTIL
Published: July 2024

A new species of Tarenna Gaertn. (Rubiaceae), T. idukkiana Robi & Balan sp. nov. from the Cardamom Hill Reserves of Elappara, Idukki district, Kerala, India is described here. A detailed description along with diagnostic characters between allied species, pollen morphology and colour photographs are provided.
Geissleria triundulata sp.nov., a new freshwater diatom (Cymbellaceae, Bacillariophyta) from the Mula-Mutha River Basin, India
Authors: NAYAK PRATYASHA , THACKER MITAL , HAMILTON PAUL B. , KARTHICK BALASUBRAMANIAN
Published: July 2024

While conducting a seasonal assessment of the Mula-Mutha River basin in Maharashtra, India, an unknown taxon of the genus Geissleria was observed from an oligotrophic stream connected to the Mutha River. This taxon is described here as new to science based on detailed light and scanning electron microscopic observations. The characteristics of this new species used to assign it to the genus Geissleria include triundulate valve margins, a straight and filiform raphe structure, lineolate striae, and the presence of annuli a circular or semi-circular hyaline area positioned on the valve apices. In G. triundulata sp. nov., the annulus is barely visible in light microscopy. The present study discusses the morphology of this new species compared to other Geissleria species, undertaking a thorough analysis of various morphological features observed in members of the genus Geissleria. This new taxon resembles G. lubilensis and G. fogedii in having a slightly triundulate margin but differs in their broad and protracted valve apices, holding differences from the new species. This study also presents a brief discussion concerning the ecology of the newly discovered species and the worldwide distribution of all Geissleria species.
Cryptic invasions of Pseudopolydora (Annelida: Spionidae), with description of a new species from Queensland, Australia
Authors: RADASHEVSKY VASILY I. , MALYAR VASILY V. , PANKOVA VICTORIA V.
Published: July 2024

During surveys worldwide, we collected adult and larval specimens of Pseudopolydora Czerniavsky, 1881 similar to P. achaeta Radashevsky & Hsieh, 2000 and P. rosebelae Radashevsky & Migotto, 2009 far from their type localities in Taiwan and Brazil, respectively. Analysis of sequence data of five gene fragments: mitochondrial COI and 16S rDNA, nuclear 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA, and Histone 3 (3114 bp in total) of individuals from Nha Trang Bay (Vietnam), São Paulo (Brazil), Florida (USA), and the Caribbean Sea (Martinique) confirmed their conspecificity with P. achaeta from Taiwan. Based on the morphology, we also report this species for the first time for the East Sea (South Korea) and provide new records for the north-western part of the Sea of Japan (Russia). The analysis also showed the conspecificity of worms from Vietnam with P. rosebelae from Brazil. Based on the morphology, we also report P. rosebelae for the first time for the Caribbean Sea (Belize), South China Sea (Thailand), and Hawaii. Developed pelagic larvae of P. achaeta and P. rosebelae from Nha Trang Bay are described and illustrated. A worm from the Great Barrier Reef (Queensland, Australia) earlier identified as P. cf. rosebelae, is referred to the new species Pseudopolydora nivea sp. nov. Following our earlier hypothesis about the origin of Pseudopolydora in the Indo-West Pacific Ocean, we explain the occurrence of these worms, including Pseudopolydora floridensis Delgado-Blas, 2008, on the Atlantic coasts of North and South America by unintentional transportation in ballast water, followed by successful invasions. We assume that the penetration of warm waters of the East China Sea through the Korea Strait and the warming of the waters of the Sea of Japan have led to the extension of the range of tropical-subtropical P. achaeta to the north-western part of the Sea of Japan.
Two new species and a new record of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) from India with an updated key to species of subgenus Bactrocera
Authors: ABHISHEK VENKATESHAIAH , DAVID KARAMANKODU JACOB , PRADEEP SHIVANAND
Published: July 2024

Two new species of genus Bactrocera Macquart, namely Bactrocera (Bactrocera) ettinanhuja Abhishek and David, sp. nov. and Bactrocera (Bactrocera) kyrdemkulai Abhishek & David, sp. nov., are described from Western Ghats and Northeast India, respectively. Bactrocera (Bactrocera) wuzhishana Lin & Yang, is recorded for the first time from India. An updated key to Indian fruit flies of subgenus Bactrocera Macquart is also provided.
Beyond “Religious Fundamentalism”: Bridging Religious Tradition, Gender Normative Systems, and State Institutions to Respond to Intimate Partner Violence in Ethiopia
Authors: Istratii Romina
Published: July 2024

Despite its western Christian origin, the notion of religious fundamentalism has been employed by western and non-western scholars alike to describe a variety of religious groups perceived to manifest antagonism to aspects of modernity and secularism, especially western ideals of gender equality as enforced in many cases by state policies. Within religion and gender studies and Gender and Development scholarship, fundamentalism has been often invoked in reference to faith communities opposing feminist ideals, but without due recognition being given to the western metaphysics of feminist theories of gender, or the epistemological and ethical problems of “naming” such communities as “fundamentalist” within Western/Anglophone scholarship. This lack of reflexivity risks essentializing religious communities as being opposed to feminist gender ideals when their reactions might reflect more complex underlying reasons, and can also be counterproductive in effectively responding to gender inequalities and women’s abuse in religious societies. This paper proposes that a more intimate engagement with non-western religious traditions grounded in a study of theological teachings and the lived religious experience of specific communities can remedy such tendencies and achieve a better understanding of the nexus of gender, faith, and tradition/modernity in diverse cultural contexts. It illustrates this by drawing key insights from a study of conjugal abuse in an Orthodox Täwahәdo community in Ethiopia that demonstrated intricate associations between understandings of and attitudes toward conjugal abuse and the local religious tradition, the significance of a culture-as-religion discourse in the maintenance of rigid gender norms, and the potential of Orthodox theology to counter ideas about abusiveness that contributed to its implicit tolerance. The paper relates these findings to Ethiopian women activists’ efforts and the multi-religious societal fabric of Ethiopian society to explore the possibilities for integrated responses to intimate partner violence in the country.
To Be or Not to Be: Will Virtual Worlds and the Metaverse Gain Lasting Traction?
Authors: Kaplan Andreas , Haenlein Michael
Published: July 2024

Since their beginnings, virtual worlds have experienced two major media hypes in their short lifetime—the first in 2003 after the launch of Second Life and the second in 2021, with Mark Zuckerberg announcing his strategy for the Metaverse. Most academic research on virtual worlds emerged between these two peaks of interest. This article delves into the enduring relevance of such research, contrasting the two hype cycles. It analyzes the reasons behind current caution expressed by companies and offers insights into the future trajectory of the Metaverse and which crucial developments are needed for sustained traction in virtual worlds.
“The Most Fantastic Thing is Coming Here as an Individual and Going to Bed as Part of a Group”: Participants’ Experiences From a Residential Course, for People With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Gärtner Henriette Søby , Blix Bodil H. , Raunkiær Mette , Timm Helle
Published: July 2024

People who suffer from advanced cancer may experience a loss of ability to participate in everyday life and meaningful activities, challenging their sense of identity and social relations. Social support in patient-to-patient interactions and the sharing of experiences with people in similar situations may help alleviate distress. This article is based on an ethnographic field study carried out in relation to three residential narrative courses, which included 36 persons with advanced cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore whether the courses were perceived as significant by the participants and, if so, in what ways. The field work included 185 hr of observations, six focus group interviews and nine individual interviews. The data were analyzed using an abductive thematic approach. Our findings indicate that the residential courses were generally experienced as meaningful and that in particular the setting, the community, and gaining hope were experienced as significant.
Exploring Resilience and Post-traumatic Growth Among Bereaved Adults in Kosovo
Authors: Cërmjani Benita , Kelmendi Kaltrina
Published: July 2024

The study explores resilience and posttraumatic growth in adults in Kosovo who have experienced grief, using the Resilience Portfolio Model as a guiding framework. Twelve participants shared their experiences through semi-structured interviews, aiming to capture detailed personal narratives and insights into coping with loss. Thematic analysis of the data revealed three main themes: “Reaction to Loss,” “Navigating through Loss and Embracing Adaptations,” and “Resilience and Posttraumatic Growth.” The findings highlight the transformative experiences contributing to personal development and resilience, emphasizing the significant role of cultural dimensions in shaping resilience and posttraumatic growth. The study underscores the importance of considering cultural context in therapeutic approaches to better support individuals in their recovery and growth from experiences of loss.
Preference for internet at home in a disadvantaged neighbourhood
Authors: Petermann Sören
Published: July 2024

Although most households are equipped with digital information and communication technologies (DICT), a significant digital divide remains in internet access at home along income and digital native/immigrant status. Previous research has mainly investigated whether this digital inequality is attributable to constraints such as technological availability or financial resources. This article examines the extent to which digital inequality of internet access at home is preference-driven by comparing internet preference with other housing preferences and investigating the effect heterogeneity of social status on internet preference. We analyse a dataset comprising 131 residents of a disadvantaged neighbourhood in Bochum, Germany. This neighbourhood provides a suitable setting, as internet access is available throughout the area but varies between individual households. Using a factorial survey with housing vignettes, we assess the importance of internet preference. This research design circumvents many of the difficulties in measuring housing preferences, such as unrealistic wishful thinking, and facilitates the investigation of effect heterogeneity in terms of social status characteristics. The results show that the preference for internet access at home is comparable to that of other housing amenities and does not vary according to age, income or the presence of children. The findings reinforce the importance of the financial constraint-driven causes of the digital divide.
The Impact of Comparative Moral Superiority on Protagonist Appeal
Authors: Tamborini Ron , Baldwin Joshua , Grady Sara M. , Aley Melinda , Goble Henry , Olah Matthew , Prabhu Sujay
Published: July 2024

Four studies examine the appeal of protagonists who are sometimes immoral in real-world (Studies 1 & 2) and fictional (Studies 3 & 4) settings. In both, character appeal is influenced by the combination of moral/immoral behaviors a protagonist performs and their moral/immoral behavior relative to another person’s (i.e., their moral superiority/inferiority). Additionally, Study 2 examines the effect of character behavior (moral/immoral vs. highly self-beneficial) on appeal, finding that if two protagonists are equally immoral, one who elsewise behaves morally at times is more appealing than one who is elsewise self-beneficial. Studies 3 and 4 replicate these findings using a fictional drama and fantasy premise instead of a real-world setting. Findings suggest the effect of characters’ immoral behavior on appeal varies based on the moral behavior of comparison characters regardless of the setting’s fictionality. Discussion considers whether moral superiority alters the likelihood that audiences will emulate an imperfect hero’s immoral actions.
Development of derivational morphology in Kuwaiti Arabic-speaking children
Authors: Al-Sulaihim Nailah , Abdalla Fauzia , Mahfoudhi Abdessattar , Shaalan Saleh
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study was to examine the development of derivational morphological structures in the productive language of Kuwaiti Arabic (KA)-speaking children. Participants were 512 typically developing Kuwaiti children aged 3;0 years to 7;11 years (243 boys and 269 girls). Five age groups at 1-year intervals were tested; each group was divided into four sub-groups at 3-month intervals. The children were examined using a tool designed to assess structures specific to the KA dialect, and they were assessed by trained research assistants at their nurseries and public schools. There were clear developmental trajectories in the derivational morphological structures studied in KA-speaking children across the five age groups. Results showed that KA-speaking children have not reached mastery level in most of the structures examined in this study. Among the two types of derivations examined, nominal derivations emerged later than verb derivations. Error analysis showed that most errors were morphological, affecting mainly the root. The results of this study enhance our knowledge of early language development in Arabic by showing that nominal derivations develop later than verb derivations. The results are discussed in light of previous cross-linguistic studies, which also found a similar trajectory in terms of morphological development. Further, Arabic morphological theory, as well as implications for practice and the need for further research, is discussed.
The association between partner evaluations and accommodation in romantic relationships: The moderating role of commitment
Authors: Aloni James , Karantzas Gery C. , Marshall Emma M. , Ferguson Elizabeth K.
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we investigate the association between evaluating a romantic partner as deviating from relationship ideals (i.e., ideal-partner discrepancy) and a widely studied form of self-regulatory behavior in romantic relationships—accommodation (i.e., inhibiting one’s own destructive relationship behaviors and enacting constructive behaviors). We also consider the moderating role of relationship commitment. Two studies tested these associations using self-reports (Study 1, N = 450 individuals) and by observing accommodation behaviors in couples (Study 2, N = 116 dyads). Across both studies, a negative-ideal partner discrepancy (i.e., a partner is deemed as falling below ideals) was associated with more accommodation when relationship commitment was high than for when it was low. The findings provide novel insights into understanding accommodation behavior in romantic relationships.
The gaslighting relationship exposure inventory: Reliability and validity in two cultures
Authors: Tager-Shafrir Tair , Szepsenwol Ohad , Dvir Maayan , Zamir Osnat
Published: July 2024

Gaslighting, a form of psychological abuse, has received increasing attention in recent years. The current research provides reliability and validity evidence for a new 11-item measure of exposure to gaslighting by a romantic partner: The Gaslighting Relationship Exposure Inventory (GREI). Two studies were conducted with Israeli ( N = 509) and American ( N = 395) community samples. Participants were involved in a romantic relationship and completed an online questionnaire that included measures of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization, depression, and relationship satisfaction. In both studies, the GREI items loaded onto a single factor of relationship gaslighting exposure. The scale demonstrated metric gender invariance and was reliable in both men and women. Relationship gaslighting exposure was strongly linked with psychological abuse victimization and weakly linked with other forms of IPV victimization, thus showing strong convergent and discriminant validity. Moreover, relationship gaslighting exposure was associated with greater depression and lower relationship quality, above and beyond other forms of IPV victimization. The results support the reliability and validity of the GREI in both men and women, as well as its utility for the study of gaslighting exposure within relationships. The current research highlights that gaslighting is a distinct form of psychological abuse with unique implications for personal and relational well-being.
Evaluating Friction Characteristics of High Friction Surface Treatment Application Under Varied Polishing and Slippery Conditions
Authors: Roshan Alireza , Abdelrahman Magdy
Published: July 2024

The frictional attributes of high friction surface treatment (HFST) play a crucial role in ensuring optimal traffic safety, particularly in wet weather conditions. Friction consists of two important components: adhesion and hysteresis. This research focuses on evaluating these essential factors in HFST using two different aggregates and two distinct sizes by considering various abrasion and polishing methods. To isolate these components for assessment, testing was carried out under various slippery conditions, including dry, wet with water, and wet with water + soap. The inclusion of liquid hand soap in the test procedure effectively minimized or even eliminated the adhesion component’s influence, making it possible to primarily focus on the hysteresis component. Consequently, the British Pendulum Number (BPN) measured in this research predominantly reflected the hysteresis-related friction. The analysis of variance results emphasized the substantial impact of different abrasion and polishing methods on the BPN values obtained under various surface conditions. Notably, Micro-Deval Abrasion (MDA) with 105, 180, and 240 min abrasion exhibited the most pronounced influence on BPN variation and the higher F-value for the MDA 105 min indicated that this specific abrasion time exerted a more significant influence on the variation in BPN values than other factors. Furthermore, the utilization of the Aggregate Image Measurement System yielded valuable insights into the micro-texture of the aggregates. It revealed that the calcined bauxite HFST size is anticipated to provide the rougher surface morphology (texture) on a pavement surface compared with other sources in this study, thereby contributing to high pavement surface friction. The findings from this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the frictional characteristics of HFST under different scenarios, providing valuable insights for optimizing HFST applications to enhance road safety and skid resistance.
Developing a Methodology to Assess Pedestrian Walkability in the City Markets Using Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Techniques
Authors: Khan Haroon Rasheed , Ahmed Mokaddes Ali , Dutta Manish
Published: July 2024

City markets are one of the busiest urban areas in India and experience heavy pedestrian footfall. This study uses multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) techniques to rank market roads based on the existing condition of pedestrian infrastructure. A set of seven key attributes was identified containing 28 sub-attributes influencing pedestrian walkability. Videography and photographic surveys were conducted at selected roads of Aminabad Market (AM) in Lucknow, and Silchar Market (SM) in Silchar. Attribute weights were calculated using the entropy weight method, and the roads were ranked using the analytical hierarchy process, the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution, and a novel walkability metric called the Market Walkability Index. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was found to be more than 0.9 among all three methods, indicating conformity in ranking. Internal or minor roads of both the market areas (AM and SM) were observed to be the most used roads of the market areas for pedestrian movement. Still, they were not safe and walkable for pedestrian movement, indicating that more emphasis is required on these roads to improve the overall quality of the pedestrian walking environment. Research findings are expected to be essential inputs for rational decision-making about pedestrian infrastructure improvement in developing countries, which could contribute to a safer and more efficient environment for pedestrian movement.
The role of alternative medicine and complimentary therapies in urologic disease: New horizons
Authors: Bizzarri Francesco Pio , Campetella Marco , Ragonese Mauro , Scarciglia Eros , Russo Pierluigi , Marino Filippo , Filomena Giovanni Battista , Gavi Filippo , Rossi Francesco , D’Amico Lorenzo , Gandi Carlo , Foschi Nazario , Recupero Salvatore Marco , Sacco Emilio
Published: July 2024

The world of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) encompasses a wide range of practices, treatments, and products that fall outside the realm of conventional (mainstream) medicine. The use of complementary and CAM has become increasingly popular in Western nations. People are turning to CAM for a variety of reasons, including managing chronic diseases, relieving symptoms of various conditions, and improving their overall health and well-being. There’s a growing trend of people using and showing interest in complementary and alternative medicine therapies, especially in Western countries. CAM encompasses a wide range of treatments, some offering complete alternatives to conventional medicine, while others aim to complement existing medical approaches. Urologists should stay informed about CAM to guide their patients effectively to treat patients in a modern and personalized way. The aim of review is to analyze the scenario of complimentary and alternative medicine with a specific focus in the urological field.
Hydrothermal aging and soil biodegradation characteristics of biopolymer based sustainable composites
Authors: Santhosh Kumar Karri , Kaushik Deepak , Singh Inderdeep
Published: July 2024

The current research endeavor examines the water absorption (in-service life) and soil biodegradation (end-of-the-service life) behavior of short sisal fiber (SF) reinforced poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and bio-based poly (butylene succinate) (bio PBS) composites. Samples were fabricated by extrusion-injection molding with varying sisal fiber loading of 10, 20, and 30 wt%. The water absorption test was conducted in distilled water at three distinct temperatures (5, 25, and 45 °C) for 336 h. The sorption behavior of composites was studied experimentally, and detailed diffusion kinetic behavior is discussed using Fickian diffusion models. The impact of fiber content and hydrothermal temperature on water diffusion and maximum water absorption was investigated in detail. A soil burial test was conducted in local farmland soil for 60 days to determine the influence of fiber content on the biodegradation characteristics of composites. After exposure to hydrothermal aging, it was concluded that fiber loading was most significant in affecting the maximum percentage of water absorption, whereas hydrothermal temperature was more relevant for higher water diffusion. Soil burial tests showed that SF/bioPBS composites degraded quickly as compared to PLA composites. Overall, composites made with bio PBS have shown an expected response than PLA composites in terms of water absorption and soil biodegradation.
How immigration shapes health disadvantages and what healthcare organizations can do to deliver more equitable care
Authors: Wiedmeyer Mei-ling , Machado Stefanie , Tayyar Elmira , Sierra-Heredia Cecilia , Bozorgi Yasmin , Hagos Selamawit , Goldenberg Shira , Lavergne Ruth
Published: July 2024

That immigration is a determinant of health and that immigration systems themselves contribute to structural disadvantage remains under-addressed within healthcare in Canada. This article offers context for how immigration shapes health, and recommendations for how health systems can be better prepared to respond to the diverse needs of immigrants and migrants (together referred to as im/migrants), based on a community-based research project in British Columbia. Findings call attention to the varied and intersecting ways in which immigration status, access to health insurance, language, experiences of trauma and discrimination, lack of support for health system limits access to healthcare, and the roles community-based organizations play in supporting access. Recommendations are intended to help make sure that all health services are accessible to everyone, and move beyond a homogenizing category of “newcomers” into practical, meaningful strategies that attend to diverse and intersecting community needs.
Design and mechanical properties analysis of bionic tube based on cattle horn structure
Authors: Liu Guomin , Zhou Jianfei , Yu Yongjun , Zou Meng , Chen Yao , Wang Zhuang
Published: July 2024

Composite tubes are widely adopted in engineering protections owning to desirable passive energy absorption. With the aim of enhancing energy absorption and making full use of structural materials, a novel tube inspired by the structure of cattle horn has been designed. It consisted of a shell composed of nested tubes and a core composed of evenly distributed tubes, which are connected by beams. The energy absorption properties of bionic tube, six-cell tube, four-cell tube and circular tube were compared by numerical models verified by axial compression. The factors affecting mechanical responses and energy absorption capacities of bionic tube were analysed. Compared to the six-cell tube, the bionic tube exhibited a 104.91% increase in peak load, a 239.51% increase in mean load and an 83.39% increase in specific energy absorption. Under the premise of ensuring the energy absorption, mean load and crushing force efficiency, the mass and peak load can be controlled by limiting the wall thickness and height of core. The proposed bionic tube had the potential to be applied in the automobile and aerospace industry.
Subclinical hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome in psychiatric patients: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aung The The , Wah Win , Chakraborti Arnob , Garg Vikas
Published: July 2024

Objective

The systematic review evaluated the association of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and specific MetS components in people with major psychiatric disorders.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the association of SCH with MetS and its components in people with major psychiatric conditions.

Results

Five studies incorporating 24,158 participants met the inclusion criteria. All five studies comprised patients with depression and/or anxiety. Three studies incorporating 3365 participants were suitable for the meta-analysis. The pooled Odds Ratio (OR) of MetS was 3.46 (95% Confidence Interval/CI = 1.39–8.62) in major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders patients with concurrent SCH compared to those without SCH. Meta-analysis showed a significant positive association between SCH and high body mass index (OR = 2.58, 95%CI = 1.33–5.01), high fasting plasma glucose (OR = 3.05, 95%CI = 1.79–5.18) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 2.30, 95%CI = 1.82–2.92).

Conclusions

These findings suggest a significant positive association between MetS and SCH in people with MDD and anxiety disorders. This review informed the clinical implications of MetS in MDD with comorbid SCH and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment for SCH and MetS in psychiatric patients.
End-Of-Life Cancer Patients’ Dignity Perception Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bovero Andrea , Cotardo Francesca , Tuberosa Erika , Carletto Sara , Oliva Francesco
Published: July 2024

Background: The safety and restriction regulations implemented to contain the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted people’s quality of life compromising the perception of dignity. Preserving dignity for end-of-life patients remains a paramount objective in palliative care. This study aimed to compare dignity levels in terminal cancer patients between pre- and during-pandemic periods. Methods: Dignity was assessed by the Italian version of the Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI-IT) in both pre- and during-pandemic groups of terminal cancer inpatients (hospitalized or admitted in hospice). The 2 groups were compared using non-parametric tests and a multivariate logistic regression analysis to estimate the association of the different dimensions of dignity with COVID-19 period, adjusting for other confounders. The study involved 2 groups of end-of-life cancer patients with a Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) index less than 50. The first group included 506 patients before COVID-19, and the second group consisted of 156 patients enrolled during pandemic. Results: Existential Distress, Loss of Purpose and Meaning, Physical Symptoms and Dependency, Social Support PDI subscales and PDI Total score were higher in the during-pandemic group. The multivariate regression model partially supported the previous results as Loss of Purpose and Meaning, Social Support, and Existential Distress PDI subscales were associated with during-pandemic period, whereas PDI Physical Symptoms and Dependency and PDI Psychological Distress were not. Conclusion: Social isolation and other restrictions put in place to contain the COVID-19 pandemic may have had a negative impact on the perception of dignity in cancer patients at the end of life.
Dextrose Prolotherapy for the Treatment of Chronic Shoulder Pain in Patients With Joint Hypermobility: A Case Series
Authors: Michalak Nathan , Banks Dylan , Kane Luke , Siefferman Jason
Published: July 2024

Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) and hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) are common causes of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Current practices rely on analgesics, physical therapy, bracing, and assistive devices. Dextrose prolotherapy (DPT) is a regenerative injection modality used to treat chronic painful musculoskeletal conditions through stimulation of tissue proliferation. The effectiveness of DPT for the treatment of chronic shoulder pain in patients with hEDS/HSD has not been established in the literature. Three patients with hEDS or HSD presented with refractory shoulder pain due to microinstability. Patients were treated with 20% DPT injected in the glenohumeral joint and surrounding structures as indicated. Outcomes assessed were pain and clinical improvement in joint stability at 2- to 7-week follow-up intervals. All patients reported subjective improvement in their shoulder pain and function. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores after DPT decreased from initial assessment in all patients. Patients reported a cumulative improvement in pain and joint stability with each injection. Regenerative treatment with DPT may help restore structural integrity of affected joints and serve as an adjunctive therapy for the management of chronic shoulder pain due to microinstability in patients with hEDS/HSD.
Real-world effectiveness of cladribine as an escalation strategy for MS: Insights from the Czech nationwide ReMuS registry
Authors: Potuznik Pavel , Drahota Jiri , Horakova Dana , Peterka Marek , Mazouchova Aneta , Matyas David , Pavelek Zbysek , Vachova Marta , Recmanova Eva , Stetkarova Ivana , Libertinova Jana , Mares Jan , Stourac Pavel , Grunermelova Marketa , Martinkova Alena , Adamkova Jana , Hradilek Pavel , Ampapa Radek , Dufek Michal , Kubala Havrdova Eva , Stastna Dominika
Published: July 2024

Background

Cladribine, a selective immune reconstitution therapy, is approved for the treatment of adult patients with highly active multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objectives

Provide experience with cladribine therapy in a real-world setting.

Methods

This is a registry-based retrospective observational cohort study. First, using data from the Czech nationwide registry ReMuS, we analysed patients who initiated cladribine from September 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021. Second, we analysed a subgroup of patients who initiated cladribine between September 1, 2018 to June 30, 2020, thus possessing a follow-up period of at least 2 years. We evaluated demographic and MS characteristics including disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) before and after cladribine administration, relapses, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and adherence.

Results

In total, 617 patients (335 with follow-up of at least 2 years) started cladribine therapy in the study period (mean age 37.0, mean disease duration 8.4 years, 74.1% females). In most cases, cladribine was administered as a second-line drug, a total of 80.7% had been escalated from a platform DMT. During 2 years before cladribine initiation, the average annualised relapse rate (ARR) was .67. Following cladribine initiation, the ARR decreased to .28 in the first year and .22 in the second year. Overall, across the entire two-year treatment period, 69.0% of patients were relapse-free and the average ARR was .25. As for EDSS development, the median baseline EDSS was 2.5 and remained stable even after 24 months. The adherence to treatment ranged of around 90%.

Conclusion

This nationwide study confirms the efficacy of cladribine in real-world settings, especially in patients who are not treatment-naïve. In addition, the study shows an exceptionally high adherence rate, a finding that underscores the invaluable role of cladribine, but also the value of registry-based studies in capturing real-world clinical practice.
Pronoun interpretation in intermediate-advanced L2 English speakers: L2 to L1 cross-linguistic effects
Authors: Contemori Carla , Mossman Sabrina
Published: July 2024

Aims and objectives:

L2 learners who speak a null subject (L1 Spanish) and a non-null subject language (L2 English) may experience cross-linguistic interference from the L2 on L1 pronoun interpretation. In this study, we test pronoun interpretation in the L1 and L2 of adult learners, in comparison with two groups of monolingual speakers, to assess if L1 pronoun interpretation can change as a result of L2 acquisition at intermediate-advanced levels of L2 proficiency and in the absence of long L2 immersion.

Methodology:

A group of L2 English speakers (L1 Spanish) participated in two offline sentence comprehension tasks where they interpreted pronouns in the L1 and L2. The results are compared with English and Spanish monolingual speakers.

Data and analysis:

We find that adult English learners comprehend pronouns in their L1 (Spanish) differently than Spanish monolingual speakers, demonstrating a strong subject bias for interpreting null and overt pronouns. In addition, we show that pronoun interpretation patterns acquired in the L2 explain the changes to L1 interpretation biases.

Conclusions:

The results of this study significantly advance the understanding of the factors that contribute to bilingual language comprehension, showing the permeability of the L1 comprehension system at the discourse level as soon as the L2 sets in.
Theoretical and experimental investigation into detection of early-stage propagation of double cracks with distributed fiber optic sensor
Authors: Tang Fujian , Zhao Lizhi , Xu Jia , Cui Yao , Zhou Xia , Li Hong-Nan
Published: July 2024

A strain transfer model is developed to describe the transfer of crack opening displacement (COD) of double cracks in a structural substrate to the distributed fiber optic sensor (DFOS). Global and local coordinate systems are set up to aid in the deduction of the transfer of CODs of the double cracks to the DFOS. The analytical model of strain transfer is first derived in the local coordinate system and then is transformed into the global coordinate system. Analytical results show that the DFOS fiber strain induced by CODs of the double cracks in the structural substrate is affected by both the spacing and the CODs of the double cracks, and the strain peak is suppressed as the crack spacing is less than the characteristic length which is defined as the range of influence of the COD of the individual crack. The influences of the material properties of the DFOS, the fiber coating, the bonding adhesive, and the DFOS-fiber coating interfacial stiffness are discussed. The developed model is also experimentally validated by monitoring CODs of double cracks in aluminum alloy plates with optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR) DFOSs. Experimental results show that the strain distribution measured by the OFDR DFOSs agree well with the analytical results of the developed model. The limitations of the developed model and future work anticipated are then discussed.
Condition monitoring and warning of a belt drive system based on a logical analysis of data regression-based residual control chart
Authors: Khalifa Ramy M. , Yacout Soumaya , Bassetto Samuel , Shaban Yasser
Published: July 2024

The belt drive system is commonly used to transmit power in different industrial systems to maintain high performance and safety. Online condition monitoring techniques (CMTs) are used to monitor the operational conditions of such systems. Vibration-based monitoring techniques (VMT) are among the CMTs that are used in the analysis and diagnosis of the state of a belt drive system. Machine learning techniques are integrated with the VMT based on Industry 4.0 aspects for vibration analysis and fault diagnosis. Most of these techniques are based on the collection of vibration data from the belt drive system under known normal and different known faulty operations. This enables a fault to be diagnosed when it is detected during the operation of a system. In this paper, a new condition monitoring and warning mechanism is proposed to monitor the operational conditions of a belt drive system. The mechanism is based on an integration of a logical analysis of data regression (LADR) with a residual control chart (RCC). It uses vibration data from the belt drive system under normal operation only. This mechanism exhibits better performance in fault detection and also in interpreting the root cause of the faults in a belt drive system. Experimental investigations on a belt drive test rig have been carried out to collect vibration data based on a design of experiment for operational factors during normal operation. The LADR-RCC is implemented to monitor the operation of the belt drive system and detect faulty states. The accuracy of LADR is compared with multiple linear regression-based RCC, support vector regression-based RCC and random forest-based RCC. The LADR-RCC demonstrates significant enhancements in fault detection. The advantage of LADR-RCC over other model-based RCC is that it finds the root cause of a fault that is experienced in the system.
Fault diagnosis using variational autoencoder GAN and focal loss CNN under unbalanced data
Authors: Li Weihan , Liu Dunke , Li Yang , Hou Ming , Liu Jie , Zhao Zhen , Guo Aibin , Zhao Huimin , Deng Wu
Published: July 2024

For the poor model generalization and low diagnostic efficiency of fault diagnosis under imbalanced distributions, a novel fault diagnosis method using variational autoencoder generation adversarial network and improved convolutional neural network, named VGAIC-FDM, is proposed in this paper. First, to capture local features of vibration signals, continuous wavelet transform is employed to convert the original one-dimensional fault signals into wavelet time–frequency images. Second, for the data dimensionality reduction and model simplification, the time–frequency wavelet images are processed in grayscale to generate single-channel grayscale time–frequency images. Then, sample augmentation is performed on grayscale time–frequency images to balance the dataset by using a variational autoencoder generation adversarial network. Finally, the generated images and the original images are fused and trained by using a focus-loss-optimized CNN classifier to achieve fault diagnosis under unbalanced conditions. The experimental results show that the VGAIC-FDM effectively captures the potential spatial distribution of real samples and alleviates the impact caused by the inconsistent difficulty of sample classification. As a result, it enhances the fault diagnosis performance of the model when dealing with unbalanced datasets, leading to higher accuracy and F1-score values.
Fault diagnosis of high-speed motorized spindles based on lumped parameter model and enhanced transfer learning
Authors: Zhang Xiangming , Ma Zhimin , Jiang Yongying
Published: July 2024

Condition monitoring of rotating components is crucial for ensuring the reliability and safety of mechanical systems, and artificial intelligence (AI) plays a significant role in achieving the goal. However, the high costs and complexity associated with components like high-speed motorized spindles present significant challenges in collecting complete fault samples. Therefore, we propose a new approach to tackle the challenges. The process commences with establishing a lumped parameter dynamic model for the high-speed motorized spindle. Then, the parameters such as stiffness, eccentricity, and damping in the lumped parameter model were optimized using genetic algorithm. Subsequently, simulated fault samples are acquired by introducing excitation to normal simulated signals. Finally, transfer learning techniques are utilized for intelligent fault diagnosis. The training set consists of simulated fault samples, while the testing set comprises experimental fault samples. Our approach aims to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of fault diagnosis for high-speed motorized spindles while also addressing the challenge of high cost.
Teacher identity ambiguity and where to find it? A narrative inquiry of ELT teachers in rural areas
Authors: Nguyen Bich-Phuong Thi , Tesar Marek
Published: July 2024

Commitment and efficiency of teachers are supposed to closely link with the perception of their own identity, which determine their working motivation and job satisfaction. The past few years have seen many teachers, particularly those in less developing regions, leaving their profession due to low pay regardless of affluent nations, such as the United States and the United Kingdom, or developing countries like Vietnam. In fact, the problem could only be addressed when the root cause is revealed. Using the narrative inquiry approach with semi-structured interviews and researchers’ voice on eight English teachers, this study positions and examines the identity of rural language teachers in various intertwined interactions at personal and societal discourses. Research results unveiled the dominance of external factors in shaping and shifting teacher identity, including students, policies, school leadership and socio-cultural systems. Also, personal identity was more likely to be suppressed while professional identity was vaguely expressed. A comprehensive understanding of teacher identity would give policymakers and teacher educators some justification to revisit current policies and teacher training programs by taking into account individual identities, experiences, and concerns of rural teachers.
Compromiso, Pertenencia, and Empoderamiento: How Faculty at a Fronterizx HSI Perceive and Enact Servingness to Become Empowerment Agents for Latinx Student Success
Authors: Cisneros Jesus , Dura Lucia , Convertino Christina , Frausto Hernandez Isaac
Published: July 2024

Semi-structured interviews with 22 faculty at a fronterizx HSI located at the U.S.-Mexico border revealed the ways faculty perceive, enact, and engage with servingness practice. Findings provide critical insights into the relationship between servingness and faculty as empowerment agents through three culturally relevant themes: compromiso, pertenencia, and empoderamiento. Specifically, participants’ conceptualizations of servingness, based on practice, advanced perspectives and enactments of Latinx student support that helped transform their institution to more aptly serve both the academic and non-academic outcomes of Latinx students. Findings raise implications for research and practice.
The Walking and Lifestyle Coaching (WALC) Program for University Students: A Pilot Study
Authors: Cole Allyssa , Corrales Francesca , Stone Emily , Biber Duke
Published: July 2024

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of the 3-week Walking and Lifestyle Coaching (WALC) program with university college students to promote health behavior change and reduce chronic disease risk. Methods: During the 3-week WALC program, students received weekly peer health and wellness coaching while engaging in a 30-minute walk throughout campus. Each week, physical activity was directly measured using pedometers, and self-report physical activity behavior, steps, and daily reflections were reported using a self-monitoring journal. At baseline and follow-up, students completed biometrics screening, mental health questionnaires, and the Cooper 1.5 mile walk test to evaluate cardiovascular fitness. Results: A total of 35 college students participated in the WALC program. The mean daily steps number of steps during the WALC program was 6315 ( SD = 2073.16). Only 25/35 participants reported steps for the entire WALC program (71.43%). There was not a statistically significant difference in generalized anxiety, perceived stress, depression, quality of life, or self-compassion. There was a slight decline in body fat percentage, although not statistically significant. There was an average improvement of 89 seconds on the 1.5-mile walk/run test. Discussion: The WALC program was developed to be inclusive, feasible, and a mechanism to synergize campus resources to collaborate on behalf of student wellness. It is necessary for this program to be utilized on university campuses in diverse geographical regions (i.e., rural, urban, or suburban), with diverse students (i.e., racially, ethnically, gender-identity, and religious affiliation.), and with universities of all sizes and funding levels. Future research could consider the use of a control group as well as an online self-monitoring journal.