bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antitirosinase Fraksi n-Butanol Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) Secara Kualitatif Menggunakan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis
Authors: Fadlilaturrahmah Fadlilaturrahmah , Putra Aditya Maulana Perdana , Rizki Muhammad Ikhwan , Nor Titin
Published: February 2022

Kerusakan oksidatif dalam tubuh manusia dapat disebabkan oleh radikal bebas, sehingga menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan. Daun P. canescens memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik, tanin, alkaloid, steroid, saponin dan flavonoid yang potensial sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk melakukan uji aktivitas antioksidan dan antitirosinase fraksi n-butanol daun sungkai secara kualittaif menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis. Metode yang digunakan yaitu preparasi sampel dengan pembuatan simplisia yang kemudian diekstraksi secara maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Hasil ekstrak kental kemudian difraksinasi bertingkat dengan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, dan n-butanol. Selanjutnya dilakukan skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antioksidan, dan antitirosinase secara kualitatif menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis. Hasil rendemen ekstrak etanol daun P. canescens yaitu sebesar 7,28% sedangkan rendemen fraksi yaitu 24,8%. Skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol P. canescens mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, steroid, tanin, saponin, dan fenol. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini yaitu fraksi n-butanol daun P. canscens berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang ditandai adanya noda kuning pucat setelah penyemprotan dengan reagen DPPH, serta berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antitirosinase secara kualitatif yang ditandai dengan adanya bercak putih pada plat KLT. Kata Kunci: DPPH, L-DOPA, Asam askorbat, Enzim  Oxidative damage in the human body can be caused by free radicals, causing various problems. P. canescens leaves contain phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, saponins and flavonoids that have potential as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to test the antioxidant and antityrosinase activity of the n-butanol fraction of sungkai leaves qualitatively using thin layer chromatography. The method used is sample preparation by making simplicia which is then extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol. The viscous extract was then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol as solvents. Furthermore, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, and antityrosinase tests were carried out qualitatively using thin layer chromatography. The yield of P. canescens leaf ethanol extract was 7.28%, while the fraction yield was 24.8%. Phytochemical screening of P. canescens ethanol extract containing alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, and phenols. The conclusion obtained from this study is that the n-butanol fraction of P. canscens leaves has the potential to have antioxidant activity which is indicated by a pale yellow stain after spraying with DPPH reagent, and has the potential to have qualitative antityrosinase activity which is indicated by the presence of white spots on the TLC plate.
CAMPING TOURISM EXPERIENCE, SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY FROM CROATIA
Authors: Cegur Radović Tihana , Lončarić Dina , Cvelić Bonifačić Josipa
Published: February 2022

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of different dimensions of the camping tourism experience on satisfaction and loyalty. To achieve the purpose of this research, it was necessary to adjust and validate the measurement scale of the tourism experience in campsites. Furthermore, the goal was to investigate the relationship between camping tourists’ satisfaction and their loyalty to the camp. Methodology – An analysis of the recent literature on the topic of tourism experience and camping tourism was performed. Empirical research was conducted on a convenience sample of 143 visitors to campsites. Descriptive and multivariate statistics were used in the data analysis. Reliability analysis and exploratory factor analysis were applied. Hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis. Data analysis was performed using the software package IBM SPSS Statistic Version 26. Findings – The results of empirical research show that of the four extracted dimensions of the camping tourism experience, three have a positive and significant impact on tourist satisfaction and loyalty. These are education, escapism and aesthetics, while entertainment has no significant impact. Contribution – This research represents a starting point for further research about the camping tourism experience. The scale for measuring the camping tourism experience was validated and can be used in further research. Also, the results can help managers to develop marketing strategies and tactics, as the determinants of the tourism experience of camping tourists have been established.
La regeneración de infraestructuras abandonadas en la ciudad contemporánea : proyectar el futuro del aeropuerto de Tempelhof en Berlín = The regeneration of abandoned infrastructures in the Contemporary City : Projecting the future of the Berlin Tempelhof Airport
Authors: Sanz Merlo Alonso
Published: February 2022

ResumenEl acelerado desarrollo físico de las infraestructuras urbanas durante la Revolución Industrial y la evolución que estas han sufrido, han producido que hoy en día se encuentren algunos de estos espacios abandonados en el interior de las ciudades. Las experiencias de la revitalización del Parque de la Villette en París y del High Line de Nueva York se relacionan entre sí al tratar de potenciar los elementos patrimoniales existentes que construyen el lugar, y que junto a su vegetación endémica y su riqueza histórica, impulsan su progreso. Estos dos casos contextualizan la apertura al público en 2010 del campo aéreo de Tempelhofer Feld en Berlín. El estudio de la emblemática historia de esta gran infraestructura verde y el desarrollo urbano a su alrededor son las claves que guían esta investigación, conjugadas en todo momento con las necesidades sostenibles de la ciudad contemporánea. El edificio del aeropuerto, proyectado por Ernst Sagebiel como una monumental infraestructura multifuncional con visos a convertirse en un hito internacional, sitúa el paisaje de Tempelhof como un nuevo reto del patrimonio industrial para el siglo XXI.AbstractThe accelerated physical development of urban infrastructures during the Industrial Revolution and their evolution have produced some of these spaces are being found today abandoned in the inside of the cities. The experiences of the revitalisation of the Parc de la Villette in Paris and the regeneration of the High Line of New York relate to each other by seeking to enhance the existing heritage elements that build the place, and which together with its endemic vegetation and historical richness, drive its progress. These two cases contextualise the 2010 opening of the Tempelhofer Feld airfield in Berlin to the public. The study of the emblematic history of this great green infrastructure and the urban development around it are the keys guiding this research, combined at all times with the sustainable needs of the contemporary city. The airport building, designed by Ernst Sagebiel as a monumental multifunctional infrastructure with the potential to become an international landmark, places the Tempelhof landscape as a new industrial heritage challenge for the 21st century.
The crosstalk between autophagy and ferroptosis: what can we learn to target drug resistance in cancer?
Authors: Zhou Yulu , Shen Yong , Chen Cong , Sui Xinbing , Yang Jingjing , Wang Linbo , Zhou Jichun
Published: February 2022

Autophagy is a conserved intracellular degradation system that plays a dual role in cell death; thus, therapies targeting autophagy in cancer are somewhat controversial. Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death featured with the iron-dependent accumulation of lethal lipid ROS. This pathway is morphologically, biochemically and genetically distinct from other forms of cell death. Accumulating studies have revealed crosstalk between autophagy and ferroptosis at the molecular level. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of ferroptosis and autophagy, and more importantly, their roles in the drug resistance of cancer. Numerous connections between ferroptosis and autophagy have been revealed, and a strong causal relationship exists wherein one process controls the other and can be utilized as potential therapeutic targets for cancer. The elucidation of when and how to modulate their crosstalk using therapeutic strategies depends on an understanding of the fine-tuned switch between ferroptosis and autophagy, and approaches designed to manipulate the intensity of autophagy might be the key.
EZH2 identifies the precursors of human natural killer cells with trained immunity
Authors: Zhang Chen , Yin Jie , Zheng Jian , Xiao Jun , Hu Jiajian , Su Yudong , Zhou Kaichen , Zhang Yingchi , Zhang Xuzhen , Zhang Hong , Sun Qian , Wang Yang , Yu Wenwen , Wei Feng , Zhao Qiang , Li Long , Ren Xiubao
Published: February 2022

Objective: Trained immunity of natural killer (NK) cells has shown great potential in the treatment of cancers by eliciting enhanced effector responses to restimulation by cytokines or cancer cells for long time periods after preactivation. However, the human NK cells responsible for the generation and maintenance of trained immunity are largely unknown. We hypothesized that heterogeneous human NK cells would respond differentially to stimulation with a combination of IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18, and that an NK cell subset might exist that is mainly responsible for the induction of trained immunity. On the basis of our hypothesis, we aimed to identify the subset from which cytokine-trained human NK cells originate and to explore possible regulatory targets for drug intervention. Methods: Flow cytometry assays were performed to analyze the functions of cytokine-trained NK cells and examine cell division and protein expression in NK cell subsets. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) plus TotalSeq™ technology was used to track the heterogeneity of NK cells during the induction of trained immunity. Results: Traditional developmental markers for peripheral NK cells were unable to identify the precursors of human NK cells with trained immunity. Therefore, we used scRNA-seq plus TotalSeq™ technology to track the heterogeneity of NK cells during the induction of trained immunity and identified a unique cluster of CD57-NKG2A+EZH2+IFNG+MKI67+IL12R+IL15R+IL18R+ NK cells. Enrichment and pseudotime trajectory analyses suggested that this cluster of NK cells contained the precursor of trained NK cells. We then used flow cytometry to further investigate the role of EZH2 in trained NK precursors and found that CD57-NKG2A+EZH2+ NK cells had faster cell cycles and an enhanced trained phenotype, and EZH2 inhibition significantly impaired the induction of trained immunity in NK cells. These results suggested that EZH2 is a unique epigenetic marker of precursors of human NK cells with trained immunity. Conclusions: Our work revealed human NK heterogeneity in the induction of trained immunity, identified the precursor subset for trained NK cells, and demonstrated the critical role of EZH2 in the induction of trained immunity in human NK cells.
Analysis of characteristics and predictive factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events
Authors: Bai Rilan , Chen Naifei , Chen Xiao , Li Lingyu , Song Wei , Li Wei , Zhao Yuguang , Zhang Yongfei , Han Fujun , Lyu Zheng , Cui Jiuwei
Published: February 2022

Objective: We aimed to retrospectively analyze the toxicity profiles and predictors of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) as well as the correlation between irAEs and the clinical efficacy of multi-type immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with advanced pan-cancer in a real-world setting. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 105 patients with advanced pan-cancer treated with multi-type ICIs at the First Hospital of Jilin University between January 1, 2016 and August 1, 2020. We used logistic regression analyses to investigate the associations of irAEs with clinical baseline characteristics, blood count parameters, and biochemical indicators during treatment. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine cutoff values for parameters and area under the curve values. Kaplan–Meier and Cox multivariate regression analyses were performed to estimate the relationships of baseline characteristics and irAEs with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: A lower relative lymphocyte count (cutoff = 28.5%), higher albumin level (cutoff = 39.05 g/L), and higher absolute eosinophil count (AEC) (cutoff = 0.175 × 109/L) were significantly associated with the occurrence of irAEs, among which a higher AEC (cutoff = 0.205 × 109/L) was strongly associated with skin-related irAEs [odds ratios (ORs) = 0.163, P = 0.004]. Moreover, a higher lactate dehydrogenase level (cutoff = 237.5 U/L) was an independent predictor of irAEs of grade ≥ 3 (OR = 0.083, P = 0.023). In immune cell subgroup analysis, a lower absolute count of CD8+CD28− suppressor T cells (OR = 0.806; 95% confidence interval: 0.643–1.011; P = 0.062), which are regulatory T lymphocytes, was associated with the occurrence of irAEs, although the difference was not statistically significant. Furthermore, a higher percentage of CD19+ B cells was associated with the occurrence of irAEs of grade ≥ 3 (P = 0.02) and grade ≥ 2 (P = 0.051). In addition, patients with any grade of irAE had a significantly high PFS (8.37 vs. 3.77 months, hazard ratios (HR) = 2.02, P = 0.0038) and OS (24.77 vs. 13.83 months, HR = 1.84; P = 0.024). Conclusions: This retrospective study reports clinical profile data for irAEs in unselected patients in a real-world setting and explored some parameters that may be potential predictive markers of the occurrence, type, or grade of irAEs in clinical practice. Evidence of a correlation between safety and efficacy may facilitate a complete assessment of the risk-benefit ratio for patients treated with ICIs.
AI Video Editing: a Survey
Authors: Zhang Xinrong , Li Yanghao , Han Yuxing , Wen Jiangtao
Published: February 2022

Video editing is a high-required job, for it requires skilled artists or workers equipped with plentiful physical strength and multidisciplinary knowledge, such as cinematography, aesthetics. Thus gradually, more and more researches focus on proposing semi-automatical and even fully automatical solutions to reduce workloads. Since those conventional methods are usually designed to follow some simple guidelines, they lack flexibility and capability to learn complex ones. Fortunately, the advances of computer vision and machine learning make up the shortages of traditional approaches and make AI editing feasible. There is no survey to conclude those emerging researches yet. This paper summaries the development history of automatic video editing, and especially the applications of AI in partial and full workflows. We emphasizes video editing and discuss related works from multiple aspects: modality, type of input videos, methology, optimization, dataset, and evaluation metric. Besides, we also summarize the progresses in image editing domain, i.e., style transferring, retargeting, and colorization, and seek for the possibility to transfer those techniques to video domain. Finally, we give a brief conclusion about this survey and explore some open problems.
 Spatial and Functional Mapping of Spliceosome and Centrosome Proximity Revealed by Proteogenomics Profiling
Authors: Del Grosso Lorella , Cerulo Luigi , Remo Andrea , Franco Brunella , Busselez Johan , Pancione Massimo
Published: February 2022

Ribonucleoproteins (RNP) condensates often contain intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) able to confer an exceptional multifunctionality necessary for gene expression, a process that defines cell types and enables cellular adaptation in metazoans. Centosomes, the microtubule-organizing centers of animal cells, are particularly enriched in disordered proteins but the role of RNPs surrounding the centrosome and the ciliary basal body remains largely unknown. By refining and integrating the existing protein-protein interaction network, spatial proteomics and transcriptomic data, we here report the subcellular and genomic proximity between the spliceosome, a huge nuclear RNP complex that removes introns from a transcribed pre-mRNA, and centrosome/cilia components. We present a comprehensive map of pre-RNA processing factors and other RNA-binding proteins playing a role in the regulation of splicing but localized to the centrosome and cilia. Protein-protein interactions studies reveal that a large number of spliceosome components interact with both centrosome linker and centriolar satellites elements, necessary for cellular division and ciliogenesis. RNAseq data from mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (mESC) and human tissues revealed a co-transcriptional coordination program of splicing and centrosome-related genes with relevance to tissue-specific neurosensory disorders and cancer types. Additionally, we found that centrosome and spliceosome genes form linearly and spatially colocalized genomic loci (CEP250, RBBM39, DHX35, and CTNNBL1) conserved in human and mouse genome, then explaining similarities in co-modification and subcellular distribution. Our results suggest that centrosome and cilia constitute cytoplasmic sites for the exchange of molecular machinery with nucleus, storage of RNA splicing and spliceosome condensates previously unrecognized. These complexes in response to external signals, could play an integral part in ciliogenesis and nuclear division to establish and maintain cellular identity in metazoans.
Use of an Elevated Avenue for Leisure-Time Physical Activity by Adults from São Paulo Downtown, Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Eduardo Quieroti , Garcia Leandro Martin Totaro , Ribeiro Evelyn Helena Corgosinho , Barrozo Ligia Vizeu , Bernal Regina Tomie Ivata , Andrade Douglas Roque , Barbosa João Paulo dos Anjos Souza , Nunes Ana Paula de Oliveira Barbosa , Fermino Rogério César , Florindo Alex Antonio
Published: February 2022

Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with access and use of public open spaces. The “President João Goulart Elevated Avenue” and current denominated “Minhocão” is a facility for leisure activities that are open for people during the night/weekends. The aim of this study was to examine if the prevalence of LTPA among individuals living in the surroundings of Minhocão is different according to proximity to, and use of, the facility. We conducted a cross-sectional study with cluster sampling with people aged ≥18 years who lived in households until 500m and between 501m to 1500m of Minhocão. The survey was conducted between December/2017 until March/2019 with an electronic questionnaire self-responded. We conducted bivariate analysis and Poisson regression to examine possible differences in LTPA according to the proximity of residences and use of Minhocão. The analysis used post-stratification weights. A total of 12,030 telephone numbers of people were drawn (≤500m = 6,942; and >500m to ≤1500m = 5,088). The final sample analyzed were of 235 residents who returned the questionnaires. There was a higher prevalence of individuals engaging in at least 150 minutes per week of LTPA among users than non-users (Prevalence Ratio=2.23, IC95%1.72-2.90). People who used the park had higher prevalence of all types of LTPA than non-users. The results can serve to inform government decision-making on the future of Minhocão.
How Home–Based Teleworking during COVID-19 Pandemic Affects Employee’s Occupational Stress and Job Performance
Authors: Alifia Daariy
Published: February 2022

Due to societal distancing norms and nationwide lockdowns, the COVID-19 pandemic has inevitably resulted in increased use of new technology, and most institutions are shifting to home-based telework [or work from home (WFH)]. The downside of working from home has been described as a high level of job stress, which significantly affects employee mental well-being. This essay explains how home-based teleworking during a pandemic affects work-related stress and, further, employee job performance. A literature review revealed that job overload and organizational discomfort have a negative impact on employee anxiety. Meanwhile, as the barrier between personal and work lives was lifted during the pandemic, workers were unable to contribute constructively to the job. On that account, it is critical to establish distinctions between working from home and personal life. Proper training is needed if work from home is to become a feasible working option or the current norm.
Evaluation of The Distance Learning System Success of Apparatus Training: User Satisfaction Mediation
Authors: Azwar Azwar , Aisyah Siti , Muhammad Adji Suradji
Published: February 2022

This research aims to find out the influence of system quality and service quality of  distance learning system on user satisfaction and the achievement of learning outcomes of trainees during the covid-19 pandemic era at the Financial Education and Training Agency of Makassar. In addition, the study also aims to examine how the role of user satisfaction in mediating the influence of system quality and service quality of distance learning systems on learning outcomes. This study used data obtained from respondents through questionnaires and quantitative approaches through component or variant-based of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) techniques with Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that in general the distance learning system has fully run well and successfully based on indicators of DeLone and McLean model. The system quality significantly has positive influence on user satisfaction, service quality significantly has positive influence on user satisfaction and user satisfaction also significantly has positive influence the learning outcomes. Meanwhile, user satisfaction can be a mediator in strengthening the influence of system quality service quality on learning outcomes. Financial Education and Training Agency of Makassar is expected to maintain and improve the quality of systems and services in the existing distance learning system in order to maintain and improve the satisfaction of trainees and learning outcomes.
Exploration The Quality of Knowledge Sharing in Increasing Employees’ Innovative Behavior
Authors: Pratiwi Ratna
Published: February 2022

Background: Maximizing the innovation potential of employees is a top priority in all companies. New ideas and initiatives generated by employees give the organization a competitive advantage by differentiating and improving products or services. Given the growing importance of intellectual capital in all areas of the company, human resource researchers and professionals are expected to develop and implement effective measures that encourage their employees to innovate. Several factors that can increase employee innovation behavior are the quality of knowledge sharing and its support, namely, employee motivation to learn and transformative leadership.

Purpose: This study was intended to examine the direct effect of learning motivation on employee innovative behaviour and the indirect effect of motivation to learn and transformational leadership in improving the quality of knowledge sharing on increasing employee innovative behaviour.

Originality/value: The novelty of this research is that there is no research on motivation to learn, transformational leadership and knowledge sharing mediation to increase employee innovative behaviour at PT. Indonesia Power Suralaya Power Generation Unit.

Research limitations: The limitation in conducting this research is to explore motivation to learn, transformational leadership mediated by knowledge sharing to increase employee's innovative behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative method using a questionnaire with a 10-point Likert scale was used as a research method. The sampling technique was done by simple random sampling. The number of samples used as many as 63 samples to test four (4) hypotheses that have been determined. In testing the statistical significance of the path coefficient, the Structural Equation Modelling model was used.

Findings: From the research, it was found that motivation to learn had a significant positive effect on innovative behaviour. Motivation to learn has a negative and insignificant effect on knowledge sharing. Transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on knowledge sharing. And knowledge sharing has a significant positive effect on innovative behaviour. The implications of the findings explain that transformational leadership mediates knowledge sharing so that innovative behaviour increases and motivation to learn has a direct influence on increasing innovative behaviour.
The Role of E-Commerce in the Success of Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Andeka Z N P , Indrawan Berny
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the role of e-commerce in business success in Coblong District. The method in this study used a qualitative analysis method with a case study model. This study used four micro-scale entrepreneurs who use e-commerce in conducting their business as research objects. The analysis process is based on the role of e-commerce in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Coblong District. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that in general e-commerce has a role that can help entrepreneurs including small and medium businesses to improve their business development. These roles include the ease of communication, marketing, minimal capital, and time efficiency. The analysis also shows that the respondents still use e-commerce for the role they have.
E-Commerce, The Digital Trend in Transaction
Authors: Astuti Wati Aris , Ramayani M A
Published: February 2022

E-commerce is one of the most important media that companies always used today. Therefore, the development of business today is very influential in e-commerce. The purpose of this research is to find out how much the influence of e-commerce media use in the business field today as a practical online promotion media for buying and selling a product. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach and data collection techniques in the form of a literature study. Research informants in this study have 2 informants namely Internal Public (Employees) and External Public (Consumers). The results of this study are the importance of the development of technology and information at this time. In this case, e-commerce makes it easy for a variety of human activities which is easily done anywhere and by anyone in meeting their needs and desires. With e-commerce, entrepreneurs will also find it easier to get profits because it can increase business connections and expand global networks that spread to all circles.
Origin of the Miocene Adakitic Rocks and Implication for Tectonic Transition in the Himalayan Orogen: Constraints from Kuday Granitoid Porphyry in Southern Tibet
Authors: Fan Yunsong , Zhang Jinjiang , Lin Chao , Wang Haibing , Gu Daxiang , Wang Xiaoxian , Zhang Bo
Published: February 2022

Postcollisional adakitic magmatism in the Himalayan Orogen provides a probe into the evolution of the collisional orogen. During the Miocene, the Himalayan Orogen underwent a tectonic transition, which was characterized by a series of tectonic events, including the activity of the North-South Trending Rift, exhumation of eclogite, rapid uplift of the orogen, and the extensive adakitic rocks. In this study, we reported the geochemistry and geochronological data of the Kuday dikes intruding into the Tethys Himalayan Sequence near the Sakya Dome of southern Tibet. The Kuday dikes are granitoid porphyries with zircon U-Pb ages of ca. 11 Ma. The Kuday granitoid porphyry dikes have high SiO2 (63.01–68.41 wt.%) and Al2O3 (17.31–19.87 wt.%) but low Mg (0.88–1.41 wt.%), Mg# (36–50), Ni (2.8–19.3 ppm), and Cr (2.9–26.4 ppm), indicating no input of mantle material. They have high Sr (934–1881 ppm), (La/Yb)N (18.84–113.13), and Sr/Y ratios (89.25–305.85) but low K2O/Na2O ratios (0.17–0.79), indicating that they are adakitic affinity. They display initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.707–0.711 and εNdt values of -3.7–-6.7. These geochemical signatures indicate that the Kuday granitoid porphyrite dikes were derived from the partial melting of the thickened lower crust of the Himalayan Orogen. Partial melting of the thickened lower crust requires additional heat, so the delamination model with lithospheric mantle thinning and asthenospheric upwelling is proposed to explain the formation of the Kuday adakitic rock. The delamination model can also provide a reasonable explanation for the tectonic events during the Miocene in the Himalayan Orogen.
Alpha-power in electroencephalography as good outcome predictor for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors
Authors: Kim Min-Jee , Kim Youn-Jung , Yum Mi-Sun , Kim Won Young
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to identify the quantitative EEG biomarkers for predicting good neurologic outcomes in OHCA survivors treated with targeted temperature management (TTM) using power spectral density (PSD), event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP), and spectral entropy (SE). This observational registry-based study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Korea using data of adult nontraumatic comatose OHCA survivors who underwent standard EEG and treated with TTM between 2010 and 2018. Good neurological outcome at 1 month (Cerebral Performance Category scores 1 and 2) was the primary outcome. The linear mixed model analysis was performed for PSD, ESRP, and SE values of all and each frequency band. Thirteen of the 54 comatose OHCA survivors with TTM and EEG, 13 were excluded due to poor EEG quality or periodic/rhythmic pattern, leaving 41 patients for analysis. The median time to EEG was 21 h, and the rate of the good neurologic outcome at 1 month was 52.5%. The good neurologic outcome group was significantly younger and showed higher PSD and ERSP and lower SE features for each frequency than the poor outcome group. After age adjustment, only the alpha-PSD was significantly higher in the good neurologic outcome group (1.13 ± 1.11 vs. 0.09 ± 0.09, p = 0.031) and had best performance with 0.903 of the area under the curve for predicting good neurologic outcome. Alpha-PSD best predicts good neurologic outcome in OHCA survivors and is an early biomarker for prognostication. Larger studies are needed to conclusively confirm these findings.
Effects of Ferula on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Fatemeh Ghavi , Abdolahian Somayeh , Fatemeh Shakeri
Published: February 2022

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive aged women. As a result of side effect of pharmaceutical medications women are interested in using alternative medicines to treat. To determine the comparative effects of Ferula assa-foetida on androgenic hormone levels and ovarian features in patient with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods: In this triple-blinded controlled clinical trial, 34 student participants were randomly divided in two groups. Intervention group received 100 mg of oleo-gum resin of Ferula assa- foetida, control group received oral paraffin (Placebo) twice daily for 3 months. The efficacy of this herbal medicines was measured after the 3-month intervention. Hormonal assay for evaluating Testosterone, DEHAS, Prolactin, TSH, FSH, LH levels and also trans abdominal ultrasound for evaluating ovarian volumes, number of follicles of both ovaries, and endometrial thickness. Were measured before and after the study. Results: In this study, significant changes in DEHAS and TSH level were observed (p value<0.03). The greatest reduction in the number of ovarian follicles was reported in the Ferula group (p value <0.00). Conclusion: Use of Ferula assa-foetida can be effected in decrease of DHEAS, TSH levels, and ovarian follicles number in young girls with PCOS.
Comparison of the radiomics-based predictive models using machine learning and nomogram for epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status and subtypes in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kawazoe Yusuke , Shiinoki Takehiro , Fujimoto Koya , Yuasa Yuki , Hirano Tsunahiko , Matsunaga Kazuto , Tanaka Hidekazu
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to develop the predictive models for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status and subtypes [exon 21-point mutation (L858R) and exon 19 deletion mutation (19Del)] and validate the clinical effectiveness.Methods: Total 172 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled. The analysis of variance and the least absolute shrinkage were used feature selection from plain computed tomography images. Then, radiomic score (rad-score) was calculated for the training and test cohorts. Two machine learning (ML) models with 5-fold were applied to construct the predictive models with rad-score and clinical features and evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve. The nomogram was developed using rad-score and clinical features, then evaluated by the C-index. Finally, decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed using the best ML and nomogram models.Results: The AUC of the best ML models and the C-index of the nomogram models were 0.82, 0.73 and 0.84, 0.78 in the EGFR mutation groups, 0.83, 0.83 and 0.83, 0.80 in the L858R mutation groups, and 0.84, 0.77 and 0.85, 0.69 in the 19Del groups, respectively in the training and test cohorts. DCA showed that nomogram models have more benefits than ML models.Conclusion: We constructed two predictive models for EGFR mutation status and subtypes. The nomogram models had more clinical usefulness than ML models.
E-Consent - a guide to implement an innovative solution to maintain recruitment in clinical trials during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Almeida-Magana Ricardo , Maroof Hanna , Grierson Jack , Clow Rosie , Dinneen Eoin , Al-Hammouri Tarek , Muirhead Nicola , Brew-Graves Chris , Kelly John , Shaw Greg
Published: February 2022

Background:The COVID-19 pandemic has posed daunting challenges for the conduction of clinical research. Adopting new technologies such as remote electronic consent (e-Consent) can help overcome them. However, guidelines for e-Consent implementation in ongoing clinical trials are currently lacking. The NeuroSAFE PROOF trial is a randomised clinical trial evaluating the role of frozen section analysis during RARP for prostate cancer. In response to the COVID-19 crisis, recruitment was halted, and a remote e-Consent solution was designed. The aim of this paper is to describe the process of implementation, impact on recruitment rate and patients’ experience using e-Consent.Methods:A substantial amendment of the protocol granted the creation of a remote e-Consent framework based on the REDCap environment, following the structure and content of the already approved paper consent form. A new pathway was developed which offered continuous support to patients through remote consultations. The whole process was judged to be compliant with regulatory requirements before implementation.Results:Before the first recruitment suspension, NeuroSAFE PROOF was recruiting an average of 9 patients per month. After e-Consent implementation, 63 new patients (4/month) have been enrolled despite a second lockdown, none of whom would have been recruited using the old methods given restrictions on face-to-face consultations. Patients have given positive feedback on the use of the platform. Limited troubleshooting has been required after implementation.Conclusion:Remote e-Consent based recruitment was critical for the continuation of the NeuroSAFE PROOF trial during the COVID-19 pandemic. The described pathway complies with ethical and regulatory guidelines for informed consent, while minimizing face-to-face interactions that increase the risk of COVID-19 transmission. This guide will help researchers integrate e-Consent to ongoing or planned clinical trials while uncertainty about the course of the pandemic continues.Trial registration: The NeuroSAFE PROOF trial has the registration number NCT03317990 (23 October 2017). Regional Ethics Committee; reference 17/LO/1978
A4GALT mediated the glycosylation of B7-H3 in human colorectal cancer cell lines
Authors: Li Fuchao , Han Dan , Chen Mengxi , Li Jingmei , Yang Li , Wang Weipeng , Yu Chenggong
Published: February 2022

B7-H3 is one of the most important members of the B7/CD28 family, and its expression level is abnormally high in a variety of tumors. B7-H3 inhibits T cell activation via binding to the corresponding receptors on T cells, thereby mediating tumor immune escape. Glycosylation is a common post-translational modification of proteins, which plays an essential role in protein expression patterns and biological functions. Current evidence has shown that the abnormal glycosylation of B7-H3 in tumors is of great significance for protein expression and ligand-receptor binding. Therefore, in-depth exploration of the underlying mechanism of glycosylation modification of B7-H3 is expected to provide new insights for tumor immunotherapy. To investigate the underlying mechanism of glycosyltransferase-mediated glycosylation of B7-H3. Firstly, the CHIPBase database was used to screen glycosyltransferases with a high correlation with the protein expression of B7-H3. Then their siRNAs were designed and synthesized to transfect into cells, and the western blotting assay was performed for further screening. Secondly, the siRNA and overexpression plasmid of the screened glycosyltransferase were respectively transfected into cells to verify the effect on the expression level of B7-H3. Thirdly, the effect of glycosyltransferase on the expression level of B7-H3 was explored by changing its substrate level. Finally, the co-immunoprecipitation experiment was conducted to verify whether protein binding existed between B7-H3 and the glycosyltransferase. The glycosyltransferase called A4GALT had the highest correlation with the protein expression of B7-H3. After knocking down or overexpressing A4GALT, the protein expression level of B7-H3 both changed significantly. When knocked down GALT to reduce the galactosyl donors, B7-H3 was significantly down-regulated. And B7-H3 was up-regulated while increasing the galactose in the medium. In addition, the Co-immunoprecipitation experiment proved that there was protein binding between B7-H3 and A4GALT. A4GALT can positively regulate the expression of B7-H3, and changing the level of galactosyl donors can also positively regulate the expression of B7-H3. There is a protein interaction between A4GALT and B7-H3.
A Note on Categories about Rough Sets
Authors: Syau Yu-Ru , Lin En-Bing , Liau Churn-Jung
Published: February 2022

Using the concepts of category and functor, we provide some insights and prove an intrinsic property of the category AprS of approximation spaces and relation-preserving functions, the category RCls of rough closure spaces and continuous functions, and the category RInt of rough interior spaces and continuous functions. Furthermore, we define the category IS of information systems and O-A-D homomorphisms, and establish the relationship between the category IS and the category AprS by considering a subcategory NeIS of IS whose objects are information systems and whose arrows are nonexpensive O-A-D homomorphisms with surjective attribute mappings.
Practical Consideration For Successful Sequential Tumor Biopsies In First-In-Human Trials
Authors: Koyama Takafumi , Shimizu Toshio , Sato Jun , Katsuya Yuki , Iwasa Satoru , Kondo Shunsuke , Yoshida Tatsuya , Sudo Kazuki , Nishino Makoto , Takiguchi Yuichi , Yonemori Kan , Yamamoto Noboru
Published: February 2022

Purpose: In first-in-human (FIH) trials, sequential tumor biopsies, i.e., two consecutive tumor biopsies, the first perfomed at baseline (pretreatment) and the second during the early treatment period (on-treatment), provide proof of concept in investigational new drugs. Methods: We evaluated the success of sequential tumor biopsies in FIH trials, and explored approaches for improved success rates. We retrospectively reviewed the sequential tumor biopsies required in 17 of 52 FIH trials conducted from 2015 to 2020. Results: One hundred and thirty-eight patients were identified. Success of either pretreatment or on-treatment biopsy alone, and of sequential tumor biopsies, was defined as the acquisition of viable tumor cells and as obtaining tumor cells from both biopsy specimens, respectively. The success rates of pretreatment and on-treatment biopsy were 98.6% and 94.2%, respectively, and of sequential tumor biopsies was 70.3%. Adverse events associated with the pretreatment biopsies (33.3% positive; 72.0% negative) and timing of the first imaging assessment (before on-treatment biopsy = 40.0%; after on-treatment biopsy = 82.7%) correlated with successful sequential tumor biopsies. The reasons for unsuccessful sequential tumor biopsies could be categorized into two groups: 1) patient refusal of the on-treatment biopsy (most frequently due to early disease progression); and 2) absence of tumor cells in the pretreatment or on-treatment biopsy specimen. Conclusion: We propose an approach to achieving greater success in sequential tumor biopsies in FIH trials; the first imaging assessment during the study should be scheduled after on-treatment biopsy.(Registration number UMIN000042487, Date of registration November 18, 2020)
Time Domain Diversity Combining with Delay-and-Advanced Operation in Two Layered Asymmetrically Clipped Optical OFDM System
Authors: Baig Mohammed Salman , Abas Ahmed Fauzi , ALRESHEEDI MOHAMMED THAMER , Mahdi Mohd Adzir
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the implementation of time domain delay-and-advanced operation with diversity combining at the transmitter for a two-layered LACO-OFDM system. This technique utilizes all the subcarriers and improves the BER performance. The new improved 2-LACO-OFDM system achieves 2.7 dB, 3.3 dB and 3.7dB better optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) than the ACO-TDDC, 2-LACO-TDDC, 3-LACO-TDDC respectively.
Hepatotoxicity Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Lou Shike , Wang Xiaolin , Yuan Fei , Zhao Gangde , Lin Lanyi , Ding Yezhou , Liu Kehui , Xie Qing , Bao Shisan , Wang Hui
Published: February 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are mAbs against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which the inhibitory pathways that leads to T cell inactivation. Here, we report a case of ICI-induced immune-mediated hepatotoxicity with liver biopsy. A 63-year-old man with brain metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma was treated with three times of g knife treatment, following by a combination of chemotherapy [carboplatin and (550 mg) + pemetrexed (1000 mg)] plus bevacizumab (anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody) (600 mg D1) and camrelizumab (anti-PD-1 mAb) (200 mg D1). Around 21 days later, abnormal liver function was detected. He received a diagnosis of ICI-induced liver injury after liver biopsy. The liver function of this patient was recovered, following methylprednisolone treatment. Such data offers useful information for clinicians to deal with cancer patients for ICI treatment, suggesting that liver function must be closely monitored.
Association between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and hypoglycemia in Chinese women with diabetes in pregnancy and influence factors
Authors: Chen Zhen , He Jing , Song Jiayang , Zou Zhijie , Fan Xiaoxiao , Tian Ruixue , Xu Jingqi , Yan Yu , Bai Jinbing , Liu Yanqun , Chen Xiaoli
Published: February 2022

This retrospective study aimed to investigate the correlation between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) and hypoglycemia (NH) in Chinese women with diabetes in pregnancy (DIP), and the influencing factors. All the data were collected July 1, 2017 and June 30, 2020, and 10,558 Chinese women with DIP and live births were included. Two separate multivariate binary stepwise forward logistic regression analysis calculated OR with 95% CI. The prevalence rates of NHB and NH was respectively 6.47% and 6.42% among women with DIP. The comorbidity of both diseases was 1.15%. NH were 1.73 times (OR 1.73, 1.21-2.47) more likely to have hyperbilirubinemia. NHB is positively correlated with NH (OR 3.61, 2.51-5.20). Increased gestational age has a protective effect on both NH (OR 0.81, 0.77-0.87) and NHB (OR 0.85. 0.76-0.95). Abnormal placental morphology is related to NH (OR 1.47, 1.11-1.95) and NHB (OR 1.41, 1.02-1.98). Regarding neonatal outcomes, congenital heart disease (CHD) (OR 3.00, 2.10-4.29; and OR 7.67, 5.50-10.70) and neonatal anemia (OR 4.90, 2.13-11.26; and OR 6.16, 2.34-16.22) were risk factors of both. NHB and NH were significantly correlated in women with DIP. The offspring of DIP with multiple risk factors have a significantly increased risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
Designing an Optimization Model for Green Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network of Heavy Tire by Considering Economic Pricing under Uncertainty
Authors: Amirian Javad , amoozadkhalili hossein , Mehrabian Ahmad
Published: February 2022

The conditions of global competition and environmental sensitivities have made organizations and factories to collect returned products. In such a way that these organizations have tried rehabilitate, recycle or destroy these products in order to protect the environment. This paper propose a mathematical model for the green closed-loop supply chain network of heavy tire by considering the economic pricing of its products under conditions of uncertainty, which economically determines the price and leads to more profitability. In addition, the relevant model is a two-objective fuzzy model, the first objective of which is to minimize costs and maximize profits and the second objective is to minimize environmental issues. The proposed model can also determine the optimal location of each center based on potential locations, the optimal amount of production, distribution, collection, recycling, as well as the reproduction of products. The ε-constraint method is used to solve the model with two objective functions; this method ensures strong Pareto optimal answers and prevents weak Pareto answers. Independent two-sample t-test is used to verify the results of certain and uncertain models in the studied model. In order to evaluate the effectiveness and profitability of the proposed method, a case study in the field of heavy tires is finally used, through which very useful results are obtained.
Revised Leachate Pollution Index (r-LPI): A Tool to Quantify Pollution Potential of Landfill Leachate
Authors: Bisht Tribhuwan Singh , Kumar Dinesh , Alappat Babu J.
Published: February 2022

The leachate pollution index (LPI), a technique to quantify the contamination potential of landfill leachate, was developed in 2003. Since then, numerous factors have challenged the relevance of LPI, including advancements in technology, the long-term reliability of these indicators, the incidence of emerging contaminants, and the LPI’s efficacy. As a result, using LPI as a benchmark can lead to misinterpretation of the magnitude of leachate Pollution. To mitigate this, a revised leachate pollution index (r-LPI) was developed, which is more precise and robust in assessing the Pollution potential of landfill leachate. This article presents a comprehensive account of the development of r-LPI. The r-LPI was developed by incorporating fuzzy technique with a multi-criteria decision-making technique (MCDM), wherein the inputs from 60 experts in the field of the environment, specifically solid waste management, were acquired at different stages during its development. The fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) was used to select the parameters. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was used to compute the relative weights of the parameters and sub-index curves were used for normalization of the parameters. As an application, the LPI and the r-LPI of the Bhalswa, Okhla, and Ghazipur landfills were calculated. The results indicate that r-LPI provides a more comprehensive prediction of leachate Pollution than the LPI.