bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitude and coping before death: A current challenge for nurses in times of pandemic [Actitud y afrontamiento ante la muerte: Un desafío actual para los profesionales de enfermería en tiempos de pandemia]
Authors: Orihuela Castro Alda Eliana , Meneses-La Riva Mónica Elisa , Cosme Mendoza Melitta Fidelia , Soriano Ramos Silvia Ofelia , Lévano Cárdenas María Gioconda , Bazán Tanchiva Luis Javier
Published: January 2021

Currently the pandemic has caused health systems to collapse due to the high demand of patients with VOC 19 with a high risk of mortality bringing with it pain, suffering and death. Objective: To determine the relationship between a nurse's attitude and coping with the death of a cancer patient with COVID-19 in the Critical Care Unit. Methodology: Quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional and non-experimental design approach. The population is made up of a total of 65 nursing professionals who work in the Critical Care Unit. An instrument was applied on attitudes towards death CAM with 3 dimensions: affective, behavioral and cognitive, with 33 items and the Bugen Scale for facing death with 30 items, both Likert scales. The results show that there is a significant correlation 0.039 between both variables and in the case of the nurse's attitude according to the dimensions: cognitive, behavioral, affective and coping, their correlations are: 0.521, 0.719, 0.015 respectively. It is concluded that the attitude and the coping of the nursing professional in the face of the death of the cancer patient with COVID 19, assume a posture of resilience to offer continuous nursing care to ensure, restore and safeguard the life of the person as a priority in their leading role within the health system based on commitment and social responsibility despite the threats of existing occupational risks. It is suggested to offer psychological protection to diminish the potential risks in the emotional health and quality of work life.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Dietary Approaches to Counteract Insulin Resistance
Authors: Das Indrani
Published: January 2021

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal disorder connected to ovulatory infertility and recent research indicates that different diets alter the risk of developing PCOS. Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the key pathologies which classifies PCOS. Understanding the etiology leading to IR in PCOS patients and the disorders associated with IR can allow for a therapeutic measure to be put in place to counteract the etiology and even reduce the risk of developing the disorder. Objective: The objective of this review is to identify the key factors that lead to IR so that diet and other lifestyle aspects can be used to counteract PCOS Symptoms.Design: A total of 679 studies were taken into consideration for this review, however, I performed a literature review of 75 primary papers. Data and findings from these studies were used to gain a better understanding of the dietary etiology of IR in PCOS, and this information can be used to describe a specific diet to counteract its etiology.Results: Many symptoms and disorders in the biological pathway of PCOS is associated with IR. Clinical studies have established that an increase in carbohydrates, low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides is associated with IR in PCOS patients. Similar studies have found that a decrease in dietary proteins (especially branched chain amino acid intake), lactate, phosphatidylcholine, high-density lipoproteins, and long-chain fatty acids are also associated with PCOS patients. The drug metformin has also been associated with ameliorating many of the negative impacts imposed by IR in PCOS patients. Addressing these factors and changing diet and lifestyle (such as increased exercise) can help reduce the IR-related effects in PCOS patients.
Pancreatogenic Diabetes – Neglected, Underdiagnosed or Misdiagnosed?
Authors: Vidyadhar : Takalkar Unmesh
Published: January 2021

Pancreatogenic or Type 3c diabetes is a rather new entry to the world of diabetes and accordingly is scarcely documented; less than 100 entries in a casual Pubmed search. This may be due to insufficient research, inaccurate classification, rare occurrence or misdiagnosis in routine clinical practice. Nevertheless, recent data suggests that it might be more common than initially presumed and might be under or misdiagnosed in routine clinical practice. Besides, T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) is common enough in global population to accidently coexist with exocrine pancreatic disease.
Selective Infracolic Omentecomy and Fixation Reduces Complications after Laparoscopic Assisted Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement
Authors: Ryckx Andries
Published: January 2021

Introduction Peritoneal dialysis (PD) as a treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) provides a competitive alternative to hemodialysis (HD). Long-term catheter survival remains challenging and techniques are not standardized. Advanced laparoscopic placement with fixation and omentectomy might increase catheter survival. The goal of our study was to evaluate if selective infracolic omentectomy and fixation reduced complications after CAPD catheter placement. Materials and Methods A prospective database of patients with CAPD catheter placement from March 2004 to March 2015 was analyzed. All procedures were performed laparoscopically assisted and under general anesthesia by a single surgeon. 78 patients were included, there were no exclusion criteria. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS. Fisher exact test and log-rank test with calculation of P-value was executed. P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results Of the 78 patients who underwent catheter placement, 53 (68%) were males and 25 (32%) were females. The mean age was 54 (ranged from 13 to 88 years). Selective infracolic omentectomy was performed in 32 patients if the momentum reached beyond the promontory. Non-resorbable sutures to fix the catheter were applied in 33 patients. The average duration of peritoneal dialysis was 21 months (range from ten days to 84 months). Omentectomy significantly reduced the incidence of catheter obstruction (3 vs. 11%, P=0.028) but not of catheter dislocation (19 vs. 30%, P=0.101). Omentectomy did not significantly increase the incidence of peritonitis (22 vs. 31%,P=0.133) or exit-site infection (16vs 17%, P=0.238). Catheter fixation with non-resorbable sutures reduced catheter dislocation (21 vs. 23%, P=0.226) and catheter obstruction( 12 vs.17%,P=0.223) with a significant reduction of peritonitis (15 vs. 29%, P=0.044) and no effect on exit-site infection (15 vs. 17%,P=0.251). Conclusion Laparoscopic PD catheter placement with selective omentectomy and fixation of the catheter to the abdominal wall is safe and feasible and leads to fewer complications. Key words: peritoneal, dialysis, catheter, complications, laparoscopy, omentectomy.
A Curious Case of Giant Lipoma
Authors: Amir Mohd
Published: January 2021

A lipoma is a fatty tissue tumor presenting as a painless, slow growing mass, that can affect any part of the body rich in adipose tissue. Lipomas can be present in the thigh, shoulder, trunk, etc. They are usually small in size. The lipomas that are larger may, sometimes, transform into malignancy. It may also hamper the quality of life as it can cause pain, prevent comfortable sleep, compress structures within its anatomical vicinity, lead to infections and so forth. Mass localization may also restrict body functions. Lipoma is described as “giant” beyond 1 kg of weight and 10 cm diameter. The diagnosis is primarily clinical. In this case, a 75-year old man presented with a huge swelling over his back, ranging from the left superior border of scapula to the left lumbar region, that has evolved over 15 years. The size and location of the lipoma prevented the patient from lying supine, sitting erect and made dressing problematic. The patient became extremely conscious of his physical appearance and preferred not to step out of his house. After examination, the patient was taken into surgery where a 35cm × 23cm × 22cm mass weighing 3476 grams was successfully excised. Cosmetic and functional results of the surgery were excellent leaving the patient satisfied. Post-surgery the patient reports an improved quality of life. Keywords: Giant lipoma, Tumor
As cidades de hoje: desafios aos enfermeiros especialistas em enfermagem de reabilitação para a inclusão
Authors: da Silva Pereira Ana Isabel Ribeiro , Martins Maria Manuela , Ribeiro da Silva Pereira Rute Salomé , Pereira Gomes Bárbara , Santos João , Matos Cunha Paulo Alexandre
Published: January 2021

As barreiras arquitetónicas provocam inacessibilidade do meio, contribuindo para a limitação da funcionalidade e criação de incapacidade. Objetivos: Analisar as condições da acessibilidade na via pública face às necessidades das pessoas com mobilidade condicionada e compreender até que ponto os ambientes externos ao edificado contribuem para a inclusão social das pessoas com mobilidade condicionada. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, observacional, descritivo, transversal, a partir de uma amostra não probabilística por escolha racional – 31 ruas (62 percursos pedonais), com recurso a uma grelha de avaliação ad hoc(1) . Resultados: Dos percursos pedonais avaliados, 75,8% permitem o acesso e permanência de uma pessoa em cadeira de rodas, bem como o alcance frontal e lateral aos objetos dispostos na via, no entanto 22,6% dos percursos não são acessíveis. Conclusão: Apesar da legislação e políticas de acessibilidade vigentes continuam a subsistir barreiras arquitetónicas na via pública que influenciam diretamente a independência das pessoas com mobilidade condicionada, o que sugere que o enfermeiro de reabilitação deve desenvolver um trabalho efetivo junto dos municípios.
Palavras-chave: limitação da mobilidade, acessibilidade arquitetónica, enfermagem de reabilitação
Impacte da reabilitação respiratória, prescrita por enfermeiros, na capacidade para o autocuidado, na pessoa com DPOC
Authors: Dos Santos Pereira Marlene Andreia , Braga Moreira Ana Filipa , Puga Machado Paulo Alexandre , Dos Santos Castro Padilha José Miguel
Published: January 2021

Introdução: A Reabilitação Respiratória (RR) é uma componente central do tratamento não farmacológico da DPOC. O treino de exercício é um elemento primordial da RR. Porém, pouco se sabe sobre a efetividade destes programas prescritos por enfermeiros. Objetivos: Identificar o impacte de um programa de RR, prescrito por enfermeiros, na capacidade para o autocuidado, da pessoa com DPOC. Métodos: Revisão sistemática de literatura até ao dia 4 de fevereiro de 2019, com recurso à MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and CINAHL. Resultados: Incluímos um estudo que comprovou que as pessoas com DPOC, que participaram num programa de RR, prescrito por enfermeiros, revelaram uma redução nos níveis de fadiga, melhoria na qualidade de vida e na capacidade para executar as atividades de vida diária. Conclusão: O estudo permitiu identificar melhorias nos níveis de fadiga, na qualidade de vida e na execução das atividades de vida diária resultantes da reabilitação respiratória prescrita por enfermeiros.
Palavras-chave: doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica; treino de exercício; autocuidado; reabilitação respiratória
Enfermagem de reabilitação na transição da pessoa com alteração motora por AVC: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Godinho de Matos Maria de Fátima , Gonçalves Simões Joaquim Augusto
Published: January 2021

Introdução: O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) tem um impacto enorme na vida das pessoas e famílias. Frequentemente, a pessoa em situação de AVC apresenta alterações motoras que carecem da intervenção fulcral do enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação (EEER) na implementação de um programa de reabilitação, integrado na equipa interdisciplinar, para garantir uma transição segura para o domicílio. Objetivo: Identificar as intervenções do EEER que capacitam a pessoa e família/cuidador, em situação de AVC com alteração motora na preparação do regresso casa. Método: Revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases de dados Pub Med, EBSCO e ProQuest, com aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, num horizonte temporal de 5 anos (2014-2019). Resultados: Foram incluídos 3 artigos que reforçam a necessidade da aplicação de programas de reabilitação que integrem as dimensões física, psicológica e cognitiva da pessoa, bem como o papel fundamental dos cuidadores familiares na gestão da dependência e das atividades de vida diárias (AVD) da pessoa com AVC. Conclusão: A intervenção do EEER deve estar integrada num programa de reabilitação motora, com recurso a estratégias: educação para a saúde; identificação e capacitação do cuidador; ensino e treino de AVD e referenciação para os recursos da comunidade, com o objetivo de promover o treino e supervisão, dando continuidade ao processo de reabilitação.
Palavras-chave: AVC; enfermagem; movimento; reabilitação
Reconhecimento do outro para o trabalho efetivo do enfermeiro de reabilitação: referencial de Axel Honneth
Authors: Meireles Pinto Diana Raquel , Pimenta Lopes Ribeiro Olga Maria , Martins Maria Manuela , Schoeller Soraia Dornelles
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: refletir sobre as potencialidades da Teoria do Reconhecimento para a prática profissional dos enfermeiros de reabilitação. Método: estudo teórico reflexivo fundamentado no referencial de Axel Honneth e nas competências específicas dos enfermeiros de reabilitação. Resultados: emergiram dois tópicos de análise – o referencial teórico de Axel Honneth; e o contributo do referencial teórico de Axel Honneth para o exercício profissional dos enfermeiros de reabilitação. Discussão: a sustentação da prática profissional em referenciais teóricos tem vindo a ser profundamente defendida na última década, sendo que neste contexto, Axel Honneth traz um contributo significativo para uma atuação intencional e sistematizada do enfermeiro de reabilitação. Conclusão: aquando do processo de reabilitação, além da importância do reconhecimento da pessoa, ficou claro que no âmbito da relação terapêutica, o enfermeiro de reabilitação deve atender aos três pilares apresentados por Honneth, amor, direito e solidariedade, de modo a que a pessoa seja respeitada na sua globalidade.
Palavras-chave: enfermagem de reabilitação; enfermeiras e enfermeiros; reabilitação; modelos teóricos; desejabilidade social
A pessoa com AVC em processo de reabilitação: ganhos com a intervenção dos enfermeiros de reabilitação
Authors: Teixeira Santos Jéssica , Silva Campos Célia Maria , Martins Maria Manuela
Published: January 2021

Introdução: As Doenças Cérebro Vasculares constituem uma das principais causas de morte e de morbilidade em Portugal, causando incapacidade e invalidez. Objetivo: Analisar os ganhos em saúde de um doente com AVC após implementação de um Programa de Reabilitação. Método: Estudo de caso de um doente que sofreu um AVC, de natureza descritiva, num serviço de internamento de um Hospital do Norte Litoral do país, durante 30 dias. Resultados: Após implementação do Programa de Reabilitação verificou-se uma melhoria no equilíbrio corporal, força muscular, capacidade para o autocuidado e deglutição e diminuição do risco de queda. Conclusão: A intervenção do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação traz ganhos na recuperação funcional do doente com AVC, contribuindo para a sua autonomia nas atividades de vida diária.
Palavras-chave: acidente vascular cerebral; reabilitação; autocuidado; ganhos em saúde; enfermagem
Utilização de técnicas da medicina tradicional e complementar na Enfermagem de Reabilitação
Authors: Caldeira Rodeia Ricardo Picão , Martins Faria Luís Miguel , Alves da Silva Pedro Miguel , de Jesus Oliveira Isabel
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Identificar as técnicas da Medicina Tradicional e Complementar que os enfermeiros especialistas em enfermagem de reabilitação utilizam e quais os ganhos percecionados. Metodologia: Estudo de métodos mistos, com caráter exploratório e descritivo, com recolha de dados através de um questionário online durante os meses de agosto a dezembro de 2019. Os dados foram analisados com recurso ao SPSS, versão 23 e análise do conteúdo. Resultados: Dos 31 participantes, 58,06% eram mulheres, com idade média de 42,9±8,8 anos e 8,6±6,8 anos como especialistas. As áreas mais representativas de formação são a medicina tradicional chinesa e massagem terapêutica sendo que 38,89% das técnicas utilizadas estão dentro da área da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa. Identificam mais ganhos nas áreas motora, sensorial e respiratória. Conclusão: Os participantes utilizam em maior proporção as técnicas da medicina tradicional chinesa e percecionam ganhos com a sua utilização. Importa quantificar os ganhos da integração dessas técnicas na enfermagem de reabilitação.
Palavras-chave: medicina tradicional e complementar; enfermagem de reabilitação; cuidados de enfermagem
Multi-level inverter for driving PV water pumps
Authors: Ibrahim Danny , Aboud Kais
Published: January 2021

In this research, we have developed a system for driving PV water pumps based on multi-level inverters, where cascaded H-Bridge-MLI was studied to improve conversion efficiency, by testing three different strategies to generate pulses for electronic elements and determining the best strategy between them, then compare it with the traditional 2-LEVEL inverter circuit.  The results showed the superiority of Phase Disposition (PD-PWM) strategy, where the THD Ratio of the voltage and current wave was minimal compared to the other strategies at different carrier wave frequencies in addition to studying the effect of the number of voltage levels on THD Ratio, and when we simulated a three phase (Cascaded H-Bridge 7 level) inverter circuit based on PD-PWM strategy at 3000 Hz carrier wave frequency, the THD Ratio of voltage wave has not exceed 11%, While in the traditional 2-LEVEL inverter, the THD Ratio of voltage wave is about 66%, which shows the importance of MLI to improve conversion efficiency. The proposed driving system operates according to the v / f control system to control the pump speed in proportion to the intensity of the solar radiation while maintaining a constant torque, and also works to track the maximum power point MPPT according to P&O algorithm, and when we simulated the system by MATLAB / SIMULINK the results showed the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed system
Ocular and extra-ocular complications following long-term steroid consumption in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Chaudhury Gulshan Nigar , Khandaker Tarannum , Ferdous Tahmina , Chowdhury Rifat Asma , Afroz Shireen , Hanif Mohammed
Published: January 2021

Background: High dose of corticosteroids are required by patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome for long duration due to repeated relapse. The aims of this study were to analyze the ocular and extra-ocular complications of steroids on children with nephrotic syndrome.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from September 2017 to September 2019. Children with nephrotic syndrome between 1-16 years of age, who received steroid for at least three months, participated in this study. Total 70 children were enrolled. Detailed history was taken from parents regarding initial episode, drug history, visual problem, headache, hypertension, weight gain, psychosis, bone pain, epigastric pain and excessive growth of body hair. Comprehensive opthalmologic assessment including visual acquity, intraocular pressure and cataract were performed. Detail of renal histopathology and treatment regimen in each patient was noted.

Results: A total of 70 patients were included, 61.4% were male and 38.6% were female. Median age at the time of examination was 60 months (range 17 to 216 months). The mean duration of disease was 33.71±21.12 months. The mean cumulative steroid dose at the time of examination was 8485.91±7326.83 mg. Fourteen (20%) patients had posterior subcapsular cataract. Among 70 patients, we could do visual acuity for 25 (35.7%) patients, intraocular pressure (IOP) in mm for 51 (72.85%) patients. Among them raised IOP was found in five (9.8%) patients. In right eye mean IOP was 14.16±3.57 and for left eye 14.77±3.55 mm. Renal biopsy was performed in 15 (21.43%) cases. Among the biopsy report, it was found that mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) in 8 (53.33%), focal segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGS) in 2 (13.33%) and minimal change in 5 (33.34%) cases. Among all cases, 12 (17.14%) patients developed Cushingoid facies, 3 (4.2%) patients had hypertrichosis, 3 (4.2%) patients had central obesity and 4 (5.7%) patients had buffalo hump but none had hypertension, diabetes mellitus, epigastric pain, bone pain or psychosis.

Conclusion: Cataract formation was the most frequent ocular complication after large dose of oral corticosteroid therapy. The present study emphasizes the need for regular eye screening. Cushingoid facies was the most frequent among extra-ocular complications.

Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 7-10
Stapled trans-anal rectal resection for the surgical management of obstructed defecation syndrome: our experience in Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Asif Almas , Talukder Md Rajibul Haque , Alam Hasina
Published: January 2021

Background: Obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) is one of the commonest constipation related disorders confronted by surgeons in Bangladesh. Stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) is a novel surgical technique specific for ODS. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of STARR on patients with ODS in Bangladesh.

Methods: Thirty (30) female patients (age: 46±13.2 years) with ODS, were selected for this observational study, from July 2016 to July 2019, in a private hospital of Dhaka. Patients were interviewed with standardized questionnaire at study enrolment and up to 3 months postoperatively. Surgical outcome was quantified according to the Longo’s Modified ODS score (MODS).

Results: At initial consultation, the mean Longo’s MODS score was 17.6+1.9. Mean operative time was 39+6.2 minutes. Commonest complication was ‘staple line bleeding’ in 24(80%) patients intraoperatively & ‘defecatory urgency’ in 18(60 %) patients postoperatively. At postoperative 3-month follow-up, statistically significant (p<0.05) symptomatic improvement in Longo’s MODS score (6.9+2.5) was observed in 27(90%) patients. Ten (33.3%) of patients judged their final clinical outcome as ‘excellent’, 11(36.7%) as ‘good’, and 6(20%) as ‘moderate’, with 3(10%) having ‘poor/no improvement’.

Conclusion: After analyzing our results, we conclude that STARR is an effective procedure for the treatment of ODS due to structural abnormalities and can be performed safely without any major morbidity.

Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 11-16
Follow-up and treatment pattern during Ramadan and evaluation of the outcome of Ramadan fasting on clinical, biochemical and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a realworld, multi-center, prospective observational study
Authors: Qureshi Nazmul Kabir , Akter Nazma , Ahmed Zafar
Published: January 2021

Background: There are variable effects of Ramadan fasting on clinical and biochemical variables of diabetic people. Anti-diabetic agents are often adjusted during this time to reflect changes in lifestyle. The study was conducted to understand the diversity of follow-up, treatment pattern, clinical, and biochemical outcome of Ramadan fasting among type 2 diabetic patients who observed Ramadan fast.

Methods: This real-world, multi-center, prospective, observational study was conducted at the diabetes outpatient department of National Healthcare Network (NHN) Uttara Center of Bangladesh Diabetic Somity (BADAS), Dhaka, Bangladesh and outpatient department of MARKS Hormone and Diabetes clinic, MARKS Medical College &Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh upon randomly selected type 2 diabetic patients, recruited 1 to 12 weeks prior to the Ramadan and followed up till 12 weeks post-Ramadan period. Finally, a total of 271 participants completed satisfactory follow up. Data was collected before, during, and after Ramadan using a set of questionnaires in a face to face interview.

Results: The majority (80.1%) of participants received pre-Ramadan education, counseling, adjustment of medication and other direction to help them cope with Ramadan fasting. A significant reduction of weight, body mass index (BMI)) and blood pressure were reported after Ramadan fast (p<0.001). None of the studied participants experienced severe hyper/hypoglycemia or acute complications requiring hospitalization or an emergency room visit. Metformin was the commonest prescribed anti-diabetic medication. Premixed insulin was the commonest insulin regimen during study period. Three most commonly adjusted oral anti-diabetic drugs were gliclazide, glimepiride, metformin and insulin doses were also adjusted. Mean of fasting and prandial capillary blood glucose decreased from pre-Ramadan period to post-Ramadan period (P<0.05). HbA1c decreased during post-Ramadan period compared to pre-Ramadan visit (P=0.13). A significant reduction in the triglyceride level was observed during post-Ramadan follow up (P< 0.05).

Conclusion: The study revealed that a safe fasting can be observed with proper pre-Ramadan work-up. Ramadan fasting resulted into significant reduction of weight, BMI, blood pressure, lipid profile and improved glycemic status in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 30-38
Prevalence and sociodemographic factors responsible for anaemia in pregnancy: experience in a military hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Fakhrul , Khanum Shakila , Jahan Israt , Ahmed Jamal Uddin
Published: January 2021

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes. Prevalence of anemia is thought to be high in developing countries. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and socio-demographic and reproductive factors associated with anemia among a group of pregnant mother.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on pregnant women who visited the antenatal clinic of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Savar, Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2019. Hemoglobin level was measured in all these women to assess the presence of anemia and was categorized according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Demographic data and information on maternal age, gestational age, educational and income level, and socioeconomic status were collected from anemic pregnant women and were analyzed.

Results: Out of 1500 pregnant women 525 (35%) were found to be anemic (Hemoglobin <11.0 g/dl). Among the 525 anemic women, 347 (66.1%) had mild anemia, 157 (29.9%) had moderate anemia and 21 (4.0%) women had severe anemia. Majority (48%) of the anemic women were less than 25 years old and majority (47%) had body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2. Most of the women (58%) presented in their second trimester of pregnancy. More than two thirds pregnant women were multigravida. More than 50% women had history of abortion and around one third had 2 or more abortions. Most of the women (56%) reported another pregnancy within 24 months of current pregnancy. Sixty four percent of the patients completed secondary education, 75% were homemaker and 56% lived in rural area. Most of the patients (80%) had a family income per month less than 20000 taka. Majority (58.4%) of the women did not receive any iron supplementation during this pregnancy.

Conclusions: This study results show that more than one third of the pregnant women suffer from anemia irrespective of gestational week, but is more common in those presenting in second trimester of pregnancy, those who are younger, lean and thin, having history of previous pregnancy and bad obstetric history.

Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 52-56
Dapagliflozin in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a real-life experience in Bangladesh
Authors: Amin Mohammad Feroz , Afsana Faria , Shefin Sultana Marufa , Selim Shahjada , Ifhtekhar Mahboob
Published: January 2021

Background: Dapagliflozin, a selective renal sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), lowers plasma glucose by increasing urinary excretion of glucose. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin as add on therapy for a selected group of Bangladeshi type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods: This was a 24-week, open-label, prospective, real-life study including type 2 diabetic patients with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.0–10% (N =53). Study subjects were selectively assigned to dapagliflozin 5 mg once-daily in the morning along with ongoing oral anti-diabetic drug (OAD). The primary end point was to see the safety (adverse events) and efficacy (reduction of fasting and post-prandial blood glucose, HbA1c) of dapagliflozin.

Results: Mean HbA1c changes from baseline to week 24 was – 1.15 ± 0.82 % (P = 0.000) and weight reduction was – 2.49 ± 0.32 kg from base line (P=0.000). Among total study subjects, 6 (11.3 %) had developed urinary tract infection (UTI). There were no major episodes of hypoglycemia or renal function deterioration.

Conclusion: Dapagliflozin showed significant reduction of HbA1c as add on therapy. The low incidence of hypoglycemia and UTI make dapagliflozin as an acceptable addition to existing treatment option for type 2 diabetes in Bangladeshi population.

Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 57-62
Neuro-developmental status of children with congenital hypothyroidism: experience in a tertiary hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Nasreen , Kabir Sayeeda , Mohsin Fauzia , Mahbuba Sharmin , Zabeen Bedowra , Baki Abdul , Nahar Jebun
Published: January 2021

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism is one of the most common preventable causes of mental retardation. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment is fundamental for optimal neuro-developmental outcome in children with congenital hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormones play crucial role in early neuro-development especially in the first 2-3 years of life. If left untreated or delayed initiation of treatment in congenital hypothyroidism results in neurological and psychological deficits. Aim of this study was to assess neuro-developmental status of children with congenital hypothyroidism who were on treatment (levo-thyroxine) started at different ages.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at paediatric endocrine outpatient department (OPD) and child development centre (CDC), BIRDEM General Hospital. Children with congenital hypothyroidism presenting at different ages who were followed up at pediatric endocrine OPD between January 2014 and January 2015 were included in the study.Their functional status in different domains were studied by rapid neuro-developmental assessment (RNDA) in CDC. Children with Down syndrome and perinatal asphyxia were excluded.

Results: Neuro-developmental assessment was done in 34 children (male 21, female 13). Mean age during assessment was 36 months (standard deviation 18.56). Eighteen patients (53%) were diagnosed in BIRDEM General Hospital and rest 16 (47%) were diagnosed outside BIRDEM General Hospital. Patients were grouped into 4 on the basis of age of diagnosis and start of treatment: group I (age 0-1 month), n=6 (18%); group II (age >1-3 months), n=7 (21%); group III (age >3-12 months), n=9 (26%); group IV (age >12months), n=12 (35%). In group I, five (84%) had normal development and one had mild delay in cognition. In group II, three (43%) had normal development. Cognition and behavior was delayed in 3 patients (43% each), followed by delay in speech in 2 (29%). All patients (100%) in group III and IV had developmental delay, predominant domains affected were speech, cognition and behavior.

Conclusion: We have found developmental delay especially in the domain of speech, cognition and behavior in children with congenital hypothyroidism who have started levo-thyroxin late. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment is fundamental for optimal neuro-developmental outcome in children with congenital hypothyroidism.

Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 63-66
Concurrent acute kidney injury and acute hepatitis resulting from raw fish gallbladder ingestion: a preventable cause of community acquired organ damage
Authors: Haque Md Rezwanul , Ahmed Syed Mohaimeen , Chowdhury Tufayel Ahmed , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Ananna Mehbuba Alam , Iqbal Sarwar
Published: January 2021

In south-east Asia, there has been a common belief, mainly in rural areas, that ingesting raw fish gall bladder can help cure certain health problems. Unfortunately, raw fish bile has both nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects. In this report, we present a case of 42-year-old man, who presented with acute kidney injury and jaundice. Meticulous history revealed that his ailment resulted from raw Rohu fish gallbladder ingestion.

Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 70-71
Medical quiz: images Vol. 11(1)
Authors: Rahim Muhammad Abdur
Published: January 2021

Abstract Not Available

Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 75
Reviewers of Current Issue Vol. 11(1)
Authors: Uddin Khwaja Nazim
Published: January 2021

Abstract Not Available

Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 79
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE WITH SEX BEHAVIOR OF TEENANGER AT SMKN 1 BENGKULU
Authors: Hanifah Hanifah Hanifah
Published: January 2021

Relationship between knowledge and attitude with sex behavior of teenanger At SMKN 1  BengkuluFree sex behavior is a sexual activity that carried out without being based on a legal marriage relationship. Among adolescents the behavior occurs because most of them do not know the impact of free sex behavior. In addition, free sex behavior can also damage their future. This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and sexual behavior among adolescent in SMKN 1 Bengkulu City. A quantitative  study with cross sectional design was conducted in 80 respondents, who were selected using simple random sampling. Most of the respondents had good level of knowledge (78.8%), had most favorable attitudes (81.2%) and had most low risk sexual behavior (90.0%). The data were analyzed by using Fisher's Exact test, and obtained p-value = 0.001. It is showed that, there is relationship between knowledge and sexual behavior, with moderate category. There is  relationship between attitude and sex behavior with p-value = 0,000 with a close category. It is recommended that SMKN 1 through counseling teachers to provide health education about sexual behavior and its effects so as to prevent free sex behavior among adolescents. Keywords: Knowledge, Sex Behavior of Teenanger, Attitude.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS RELATED TO THE EVENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN WOMEN
Authors: M. Noer Rachmawaty , Agusthia Mira , Jaspirgon Jaspirgon
Published: January 2021

Increasing age is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis. With increasing age, bone growth will decrease. From the information above, there are still many women who are affected by osteoporosis, but still do not know about the factors that cause osteoporosis itself, this is supported by researchers interviewing 10 women, of which 6 women are less aware of osteoporosis prevention, 6 women respond unfavorably to prevention of osteoporosis. Meanwhile, 4 other women said they already knew osteoporosis prevention after experiencing osteoporosis. 6 women said about their habit of rarely exercising, 4 other women had a healthy lifestyle after experiencing osteoporosis. This study aims to determine the factors associated with osteoporosis. The design of this study is descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional approach with the sampling method in this study is total sampling. The sample in this study consisted of 31 women with osteoporosis at the Embung Fatimah Hospital in Batam City and the data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between respondents' knowledge of the incidence of osteoporosis in the Embung Fatimah Hospital, Batam City, there was a relationship between the respondents' attitudes towards the incidence of osteoporosis at the Embung Fatimah Hospital, Batam City, there was a relationship between the respondents' lifestyle and the incidence of osteoporosis at the Embung Fatimah Hospital, Batam City. From the analysis, it was found that the value of the determinant coefficient (Adjusted R Square) = 0.312 means that 31.2% of the factors of knowledge, attitude and lifestyle can be explained about the incidence of osteoporosis.
PENDAMPINGAN PENGENALAN BAHASA INGGRIS YANG MENYENANGKAN (FUN LEARNING) KEPADA ANAK USIA DINI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LTW (LISTENING, THINKING, WRITING) DI KAMPUNG CUNTING
Authors: Sinaga Juwita Boneka
Published: January 2021

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan tentang menumbuhkembangkan potensi anak dengan pengenalan bahasa Inggris sejak dini dalam keluarga pada masyarakat melalui Pendampingan Pengenalan Bahasa Inggris yang menyenangkan (Fun Learning) Kepada Anak Usia Dini dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran LTW (Listening, Thinking, Writing). Di Indonesia masih banyakyang belum mengusai bahasa Inggris dikarenakan kurangnya pendampingan pembelajaran yang mereka dapatkan atau baru mendapatkan pembelajaran bahasa asing ketika usia mereka sudah dewasa, sehingga daya tangkap otak kurang optimal. Sasaran pengabdian adalah masyarakat di RW 01 kampung Cunting Kel.Tanjung Uncang Kota Batam.Persiapan dilakukan dengan melakukan survei pendahuluan untuk melihat kondisi di lapangan mengenai masalah yang dihadapi masyarakat. Pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan memberikan layanan informasi menggunakan metodeyang menyenangkan menggunakan model Pembelajaran LTW (Listening, Thinking, Writing). Hasil kegiatanmenunjukkan bahwa: (1). Program pengabdian padamasyarakat dengan kegiatan pendampingan Pendampingan Pengenalan Bahasa Inggris yang menyenangkan (Fun Learning) Kepada Anak Usia Dini dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran LTW (Listening, Thinking, Writing),  dapat dilaksanakan dan direspon dengan baik. (2). Pelaksanaan program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini sangat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat sehingga dapat diterapkan para orang tua dengan keterbatasan guna menumbuhkembangkan potensi anak dalam berbahasa Inggris sejak dini.
PENDAMPINGAN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN BUDAYA TERTIB ARSIP INFORMASI KTP DAN KK DI KANTOR KELURAHAN PULAU ABANG, PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Hasibuan Syamsir , Rasal Amrullah , Ashari Erwin , Ramses Ramses
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah melakukan pendampingan dan penataan pearsipan informasi kartu tanda penduduk (KTP) dan  Kartu Keluarga (KK) di kantor Kelurahan Pulau Abang agar terwujud budaya tertib arsip sesuai dengan yang tercantum dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 43 Pasal 1 dan Ayat 2 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kearsipan. Lokasi kegiatan ini adalah kelurahan Pulau Abang yang berpenduduk 478 kartu keluarga yang meliputi 3 wilayah kampung yang berpenduduk yaitu Pulau Abang Kecil yang memiliki sekitar 260 kartu keluarga, Air Saga yang memiliki 120 kartu keluarga dan Pulau Petong dengan 98 kartu keluarga. Adapun metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode observasi, interview dan studi pustaka melalui penerapan pendekatan pengarsipan secara abjad. Kegiatan ini dilakukan selama tiga hari yakni mulai tanggal 5 sampai dengan 7 Agustus 2019. Adapun hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah; tersususunnya arsip KTP dan KK di kantor Kelurahan Pulau Abang berdasarkan abjad nama kepala keluarga pada setiap RT di wilayah kampung di kelurahan Pulau Abang. Adapun masing-masing KTP disatukan atau difilekan pada KK masing-masing. Kondisi seperti sangat membantu pemerintahan kelurahan Pulau Abang dalam melaksanakan tugas pokoknya khususnya dalam pencatatatan kependudukan secara efisien dan efektif.
PENGINTEGRASIAN TUGAS PERKEMBANGAN MASA KANAK-KANAK DENGAN CARA MEMPERSIAPAKAN DIRI DALAM MENGHADAPI UJIAN BAGI SANTRIWAN DAN SANTRIWATI TPA/TPQ MASJID NURUL KHAIRAT
Authors: Putra Fuaddillah , Solina Wira , Usman Citra Imelda
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan sebagai salah satu upaya agar tecapai dan terciptanya generasi yang mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan pendidikan pada anak serta memberikan pengetahuan kepada anak-anak yaitu santriwan dan santriwati TPA/TPQ terkait meningkatkan persiapan menghadapi ujian dan memberikan tips atau cara dalam mempersiapkan diri dalam menghadapi ujian. Mengingat mitra dari kegiatan ini adalah yang berada pada masa anak-anak, ini berarti bahwa pengetahuan mereka tentang mempersiapkan diri dalam menghadapi ujian masih tergolong rendah. Sebagian anak-anak hanya mengandalkan hapalan untuk ujian. Mereka belum mengerti persiapan apa saja yang harus dilakukan dalam menghadapi ujian seperti: persiapan mental menghadapi ujian, persiapan fisik menghadapi ujian, penyebab kekhawatiran menghadapi ujian, pola dan bentuk soal dalam ujian, kekuatan berdoa, dan lakukan latihan yang tepat. Adapun hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah adanya peningkatan pemahaman dalam mempersiap diri menghadapi ujian. Dengan mempersiapkan diri dalam menghadapi ujian dengan sebaik-baiknya, para anak-anak mempunyai indikasi berpengetahuan yang baik dan prestasi belajar yang tinggi.
BAKTI SOSIAL DALAM PEMBUATAN TAMAN BACA DI RW.01 KELURAHAN BUKIT TEMPAYAN
Authors: Marpaung Junierissa , Manurung Sulastri , Edi Warno
Published: January 2021

Membaca merupakan budaya yang mulai terkikis seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi yang kian maju. Masyarakat pada umumnya lebih memilih untuk menonton TV, mendengarkan musik, atau mencari informasi dari media internet ketimbang harus membaca. Salah satu instrumen untuk membangkitkan budaya gemar belajar melalui masyarkat gemar membaca adalah dengan tersedianya Taman Baca Masyarakat (TBM). Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah membangkitkan dan meningkatkan minat baca masyarakat sehingga tercipta masyarakat yang cerdas; menjadi sebab wadah kegiatan belajar masyarakat; dan sarana dalam mendukung pemberantasan buta aksara (PBA). Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi pada kebutuhan masyarakat di RW.01 Kelurahan Bukit Tempayan. Lokasi yang menjadi tempat dilakukannya pengabdian masyarakat adalah di RW.01 Kecamatan Batu Aji Kelurahan Bukit Tempayan Kota Batam. Adapun hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah kegiatan pembuatan taman baca masyarakat ini mendapatkan respon yang positif dari masyarakat sekitar. Anak-anak di RW.01 Kelurahan Bukit Tempayan menjadi tertarik untuk membaca ketika memiliki waktu kosong daripada bermain. Program kegiatan pembuatan taman baca juga berhasil memberikan daya tarik tersendiri terhadap masyarakat setempat.
PENGENALAN TEKNOLOGI ROBOT MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE ROBOMIND 4 UNTUK REMAJA MASJID AL HIKMAH TAMAN ARIES JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Gunardi Yudhi , Budiyanto Setiyo , Hajar M. Hafiz Ibnu , Andika Julpri , Supegina Fina
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini berupa pelatihan dan  praktek tentang teknologi robot, dimana Robot saat ini sudah populer dikalangan pelajar, namun terkadang mereka belum tahu tentang bagaimana cara kerjanya. Pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat akan menfokuskan pada bagaimana memprogram sebuah robot untuk bergerak dari satu tempat ketempat yang lain secara manual dan otomatis menggunakan software  versi 4. Pelatihan ini diikuti oleh 15 orang siswa dari Remaja Masjid Al Hikmah Taman Aries Jakarta Barat. Dari hasil pelaksanaan memberikan hasil bahwa para siswa merasa puas dengan materi yang diberikan dan berharap menjadi agenda rutin di Remaja Masjid Al Hikmah Taman Aries.
PELATIHAN APLIKASI SCHOOLOGY SEBAGAI UPAYA MENYELENGGARAKAN PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DI SMK SAMUDRA NUSANTARA
Authors: Dewi Irmawati Liliana Kusuma , Maharani Anggita , Setiyani Setiyani
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarat (PKM) ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kualitas Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ), terutama dalam masa pandemi menggunakan Learning Management System (LMS) - Schoology. Pemanfaatan e-learning mempermudah guru dalam berinteraksi secara online dengan siswa, mendistribusikan materi, mengunduh daftar hadir, dan membuat evaluasi pembelajaran. Peserta kegiatan PKM LMS-Schoology adalah 18 guru SMK Samudra Nusantara berlokasi di Astanajapura Kabupaten Cirebon. Metode dalam pengabdian ini terdiri dari tiga tahap, 1) tahap pra pelatihan yaitu merancang modul tutorial singkat, proses pelatihan, dan angket; 2) tahap pelatihan yaitu pengenalan LMS Schoology dan pembuatan akun; 3) tahap evaluasi yaitu tanggapan guru terhadap pelatihan melalui angket. Selama pelatihan berlangsung, peserta sangat antusias dalam menyimak materi dan aktif berdiskusi. Berdasarkan hasil angket respons peserta terhadap pelatihan LMS-Schoology diperoleh rata-rata dari aspek pemateri sebesar 76.23% termasuk kategori kuat. Kegiatan pendampingan ini memberikan nilai tambah bagi guru dalam penguasaan Ipteks dan dapat digunakan sebagai platform pembelajaran yang efektif.
PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS APARATUR PEMERINTAHAN DI DESA SEPABATU KECAMATAN TINAMBUNG KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Saudi Akbar Indrawan , Hidayat B Taufik , Khaldun Riadi Ibnu
Published: January 2021

Pemerintahan Desa sebagai bagian dari suatu sistem sosial memiliki peran penting dalam pengelolaan masyarakat khusunya dalam aspek sosial bermasyarkat. Dalam melaksanakan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan di Desa, pemerintahan Desa, kelembagaan, pemahaman keuangan Desa yang tertib dan infrasktur Desa tersebut diperlukan aparatur pemerintahan Desa dan masyarakat yang mampu dan memiliki kapasitas. permasalahan di Desa Sepabatu masih rendahnya kemampuan aparatur pemerintahan Desa dalam stuktur kelembagaan dengan belum adanya beberapa komponen lembaga pemberdaya Desa seperti karang taruna dan lembaga perhimpunan pemuda Desa. Permasalahan selanjutnya ialah masih struktur pengelolaan keuangan Desa yang masih lambat dan tidak tepat waktu. Selain keuangan permasalahan lainya ialah manajemen pelayanan Desa dan minimnya kemampuan tenaga pengelola keuangan Desa sehingga menghambat proses keuangan. Dari segi infrastuktur di Desa Sepabatu masih rendahnya pemahaman tentang manajemen infrastuktur yang menghubungkan ke tempat tempat sumber ekonomi. Metode teknik yang digunakan adalah pendidikan masyarakat dengan menggunakan pendekatan Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) diantaranya metode pelatihan (training), demonstrasi percobaan, dan pembinaan terhadap aparat Desa. Hasil evaluasi memperlihatkan rata-rata perubahan kemampuan dan pengetahuan aparatur Desa sebesar 34,33%. Dengan nilai tingkat kepuasan selama mengikuti kegiatan sebesar 30-40% merasakan sangat puas dengan program ini.
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI MICROSOFT OFFICE DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI BAGI PEGAWAI KANTOR DESA HARJATANI KRAMATWATU SERANG-BANTEN
Authors: Haerani Reni , Repelita Rudi
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat pelatihan Microsoft Office ini bertujuan untuk memberikan keterampilan dan meningkatkan kemampuan pegawai Kantor Desa Harjatani dalam menggunakan dan memanfaatkan perangkat teknologi informasi khususnya mengenai sistem  pelayanan administrasi masyarakat berbasis komputer. Permasalahan yang dihadapi pada Kantor Desa Harjatani  adalah pegawainya dalam hal pelayanan administrasinya  belum semua mengenal dan mengetahui bagaimana cara mengoperasikan aplikasi komputer, belum memanfaatkan dan juga belum mahir menggunakan program-program standar di komputer terutama Word, Excel dan Power Point. Metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan berupa pelatihan, pegawai  diberikan materi tentang pengetahuan dasar komputer serta materi Microsoft Office 2013 (Word, Excel dan Power Point) yang sering digunakan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari dalam pelayanan administrasi kepada masyarakat seperti pembuatan surat menyurat, pembuatan laporan administrasi, laporan kegiatan dan laporan keuangan. Pengabdian masyarakat ini diikuti oleh 10 orang pegawai Kantor Desa Harjatani, dan dilaksanakan selama 2 hari pada tanggal 15 dan 28 Agustus 2020. Hasil dari pelatihan Microsoft Office ini, pegawai mampu mengoperasikan komputer dalam pembuatan surat menyurat, administrasi Kantor Desa secara komputerisasi, mampu mengoperasikan Excel dalam pembuatan laporan keuangan dan mampu membuat presentasi dengan baik di Power Point. Dari kegiatan pelatihan yang dilakukan diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi, pengetahuan serta dapat membantu pegawai Kantor Desa Harjatani dalam peningkatan pelayanan administrasi.