bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Averaging is Probably not the Optimum Way of Aggregating Parameters in Federated Learning
Authors: Xiao Peng , Cheng Samuel , Stankovic Vladimir , Vukobratovic Dejan
Published: January 2020

Federated learning is a decentralized topology of deep learning, that trains a shared model through data distributed among each client (like mobile phones, wearable devices), in order to ensure data privacy by avoiding raw data exposed in data center (server). After each client computes a new model parameter by stochastic gradient decrease (SGD) based on their own local data, all locally-computed parameters will be aggregated in the server to generate an updated global model. Almost all current studies directly average different client computed parameters by default, but no one gives an explanation why averaging parameters is a good approach. In this paper, we treat each client computed parameter as a random vector because of the stochastic properties of SGD, and estimate mutual information between two client computed parameters at different training phases using two methods in two learning tasks. The results confirm the correlation between different clients and show an increasing trend of mutual information with training iteration. However, when we further compute the distance between client computed parameters, we find that parameters are getting more correlated while not getting closer. This phenomenon suggests that averaging parameters may not be the optimum way of aggregating trained parameters.
A Bottom-up Approach for Pig Skeleton Extraction Using RGB Data
Authors: Khan Akif Quddus , Khan Salman
Published: January 2020

Animal behavior analysis is a crucial tasks for the industrial farming. In an indoor farm setting, extracting Key joints of animal is essential for tracking the animal for longer period of time. In this paper, we proposed a deep network that exploit transfer learning to trained the network for the pig skeleton extraction in an end to end fashion. The backbone of the architecture is based on hourglass stacked dense-net. In order to train the network, key frames are selected from the test data using K-mean sampler. In total, 9 Keypoints are annotated that gives a brief detailed behavior analysis in the farm setting. Extensive experiments are conducted and the quantitative results show that the network has the potential of increasing the tracking performance by a substantial margin.
More than a Box to Check: Research Sponsor and Clinical Investigator Perspectives on Making GCP Training Relevant
Authors: Swezey Teresa , McGuire F. Hunter , Hurley Patricia , Panhuis Janette , Goldstein Kathy , Chuck Tina , Dombeck Carrie , Perry Brian , Brennan Christina , Phrsai Natasha , Corneli Amy
Published: January 2020

Background: Good clinical practice (GCP) training is the industry standard for ensuring the quality conduct of registrational clinical trials. However, concerns have been raised about whether the current structure and delivery of GCP training sufficiently prepares clinical investigators and their delegates to conduct clinical trials. Methods: We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with 13 clinical investigators and 10 research sponsors to 1) examine characteristics of the quality conduct of sponsored clinical trials, including critical tasks and concerns perceived as essential for trial quality, 2) identify key knowledge and skills required to perform critical tasks, and 3) identify gaps and redundancies in GCP training and areas of improvement to ensure the quality conduct of clinical trials. We used applied thematic analysis to analyze the data. Results: The top three tasks identified as critical for the quality conduct of clinical trials were obtaining informed consent, ensuring protocol compliance, and protecting participants’ health and safety. Respondents acknowledged that GCP principles address each of these critical tasks; however, they described many challenges and burdens of GCP training, including high training frequency and repetitive content. Respondents suggested moving beyond GCP training as a mere check-box activity by making it more effective, engaging, and interactive. They also emphasized that applying GCP principles in a real-world, skills-based environment would increase the relevance of GCP training to investigators and their delegates. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that although investigators and sponsors recognize that GCP training addresses critical tasks necessary to the quality conduct of clinical trials, they articulated the need for significant improvement in the design, content, and presentation of GCP training.
The Autism Palette: Combinations of Impairments Explain the Heterogeneity in ASD
Authors: Fóthi Ábel , Lőrincz András , Soorya Latha
Published: January 2020

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neuropsychiatric problem with a few core symptoms: weaknesses in social behavior, verbal impairments, repetitive behavior and restricted interests. Beyond the core symptoms, autism has strong association with other disorders such as intellectual disability, epilepsy, schizophrenia among many others. This paper outlines a theory of ASD with capacity to connect heterogeneous ‘core’ symptoms, medical and psychiatric comorbidities as well as other etiological theories of autism in a unifying cognitive framework rooted in neuroscience and genetics. Cognition is embedded into an ever-developing structure modified by experiences, including the outcomes of environment influencing behaviors. We introduce the hypothesis that autism is caused by deficits in component-based cognition and the internal learning reinforcing machinery. Specifically, we outline our Cartesian Factor forming autoencoder like model that supports cognition by breaking combinatorial explosion and discuss the cognitive and neural processes behind our model. The high dimensionality of sensory information poses serious problems, since the brain can handle only 7±2 relevant variables at a time making processes, such as the extraction and encoding of the relevant variables and their efficient manipulation critical. These processes are influenced by previous experiences and the internal reward system. In addition, large delays of distributed information processing should be counteracted by learned predictive models to synchronize sensory, proprioceptive, and cognitive signals and have timely and accurate model-based actions. Impairments in any of these aspects may disrupt learning and execution. Combinations of small impairments may allow the solving of low complexity tasks but may become visible if learned variables and the related metric are improper and imprecise, respectively, especially if their number is large. We claim that social interactions are amongst the most challenging cognitive tasks in terms of the number of variables involved. In turn, they are highly susceptible to combinations of small impairments. We consider impairments as the basic colors of autism, whereas the combinations of diverse impairments make the palette of autism. In turn, social processes can be spoiled in many ways and can lead to diverse comorbidities.
Megacity Wastewater Poured into a Nearby Basin: Looking for Sustainable Scenarios in a Case Study
Authors: Chamizo-Checa Silvia , Otazo-Sanchez Elena M. , Gordillo-Martinez Alberto J. , Suarez-Sanchez Juan , Gonzalez-Ramirez Cesar A. , Muñoz-Nava Hipolito
Published: January 2020

The megacities´ sewage creates socioeconomic dependence related to water availability in the nearby zones, especially in countries with hydric stress. The present paper studies the water balance progression of realistic scenarios from 2005 to 2050 in the Mezquital Valley, the receptor of Mexico City untreated sewage since 1886, allowing agriculture irrigation in unsustainable conditions. WEAP model calculated the water demand and supply. Validation was performed with outflows data of the Tula River and simulated three scenarios: 1st) Steady-state based on inertial growth rates, 2nd) Transient scenario concerned climate change outcomes, with minor influence in surface water and hydric stress in 2050; 3rd) Transient scenario perturbed with a planned reduction of 36% in the imported wastewater and the start-up of a massive Water Treatment Plant, allowing drip and sprinkler irrigation since 2030. In the 2005-2017 period, 59% of the agriculture depended on the flood irrigation with megacity sewage. The water balance scenarios evaluated the sectorial supply of the ground and superficial water. Drip irrigation would reduce 42% of agriculture demands, but still does not grant the downflow hydroelectric requirements, aggravated by the lack of wastewater supply since 2030. This research alerts about how present policies compromise future Valley demands.
Safeguarding Freshwater Life Beyond 2020: Recommendations for the New Global Biodiversity Framework from the European Experience
Authors: van Rees Charles B. , Waylen Kerry A. , Schmidt-Kloiber Astrid , Thackeray Stephen J. , Kalinkat Gregor , Martens Koen , Domisch Sami , Lillebø Ana I. , Hermoso Virgilio , Grossart Hans-Peter , Schinegger Rafaela , Decleer Kris , Adriaens Tim , Denys Luc , Jarić Ivan , Janse Jan H. , Monaghan Michael T. , De Wever Aaike , Geijzendorffer Ilse , Adamescu Mihai C. , Jähnig Sonja C.
Published: January 2020

The drafting of a new Global Biodiversity Framework for the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Biodiversity Strategy for the European Union (EU) render 2020 a critical crossroad for biodiversity conservation. Freshwater biodiversity is disproportionately threatened and poorly studied relative to marine and terrestrial biota, despite providing numerous essential ecosystem services. The urgency of the mounting freshwater biodiversity crisis necessitates approaches catered to the unique ecology and threats of freshwater life, which are not adequately addressed by current strategies. We present a set of 15 special recommendations for freshwater biodiversity to guide the CBD’s post-2020 framework and the 2020 EU strategy based on European case studies, both challenges and successes. Our recommendations cover key outcomes and guiding concepts, enabling conditions and methods of implementation, planning and accountability modalities, and cross-cutting issues. They address topics including invasive species, integrated water resources management, strategic conservation planning, data management, and emerging technologies for freshwater monitoring, among others. These recommendations will enhance the ability of global and European post-2020 biodiversity agreements to halt and reverse the rapid global decline of freshwater biodiversity.
Glomerular Filtration Rate in Former Extreme Low Birth Weight Infants over the Full Pediatric Age Range: A Pooled Analysis
Authors: Goetschalkx Elise , Mekahli Djalila , Levtchenko Elena , Allegaert Karel
Published: January 2020

Different cohort studies documented a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in former extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1000 g) neonates throughout childhood when compared to term controls. The current aim is to pool these studies to describe the GFR pattern over the pediatric age range. To do so, we conducted a systematic review on studies reporting on GFR measurements in former ELBW cases while GFR data of healthy age-matched controls included in these studies were co-collected. Based on 248 hits, 6 case-control and 3 cohort studies were identified, with 444 GFR measurements in 380 former ELBW cases (median age 5.3-20.7 years). The majority were small (17-78 cases) single center studies, with heterogeneity in GFR measurement (inulin, Cystatin C or creatinine estimated GFR formulae) tools. Despite this, the median GFR (ml/kg/1.73m2) within case-control studies was consistently lower (-13, range -8 to -25%) in cases, so that a relevant minority (15-30%) has a eGFR<90 mgl/kg/1.73m2). Consequently, this pooled analysis describes a consistent pattern of reduced eGFR in former ELBW cases throughout childhood. Research should focus on perinatal risk factors for impaired GFR and long-term outcome, but is hampered by single center cohorts, study size, and heterogeneity of GFR assessment tools.
Acai Extract Increases the Red Blood Cell Population via Erythropoietin Upregulation in Mice
Authors: Shibuya Shuichi , Toda Toshihiko , Ozawa Yusuke , Shimizu Takahiko
Published: January 2020

Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart. Palmae, Arecaceae) is a palm plant native to the Brazilian Amazon. It contains many nutrients, such as polyphenols, iron, vitamin E, and unsaturated fatty acids, so in recent years, many of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of acai have been reported. However, the effects of acai on hematopoiesis have not been investigated yet. In the present study, we administered acai extract to mice and evaluated its hematopoietic effects. Acai treatment significantly increased the erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit contents compared to controls for four days. We then examined the hematopoietic-related markers following a single injection. Acai administration significantly increased the levels of the hematopoietic-related hormone erythropoietin in blood compared to controls and also significantly upregulated the gene expression of Epo in the kidney. Furthermore, in the mice treated with acai extract, the kidneys were positively stained with the hypoxic probe pimonidazole in comparison to the controls. These results demonstrated that acai increases the number of blood cells through an increased erythropoietin expression via hypoxic action in the kidney. Acai can be expected to improve motility through hematopoiesis.
Strategi dan Implementasi Penyusunan Soal Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Suhartono Suhartono , Susiani Tri Saptuti , Salimi Moh , Hidayah Ratna
Published: January 2020

One element of the 2013 curriculum transformation at the elementary school level is the improvement of the learning process and the application of integrated thematic using scientific and familiar development of higher order thinking skills (HOTS) for students. To make this happen, elementary school teachers must have competence in planning, implementing, and evaluating learning that focuses on HOTS, but those who for the most part do not understand and apply. PKM is expected to be able to provide an understanding of teachers in conducting learning and encouraging students in higher-order aspects of thinking. The PKM was held at the teacher working group (KKG) forum which was held once for four meetings. The strategy used was an explanation of the HOTS concept, discussion of the development of indicators of basic competencies (KD), a lattice preparation workshop and problem solving rules, and preparation of questions that support HOTS. From the results that have been done, it can be concluded that a small number of elementary school teachers have done learning and penances that do HOTS; This activity can broaden teachers' insights so that they can produce outcomes consisting of lattices and the development of HOTS questions on thematic learning that addresses the main areas of PKN, Indonesian Language, Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, and Mathematics.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Masyarakat untuk Meningkatkan Kesehatan Keluarga di Desa Krajan Sukoharjo
Authors: Rukayah Rukayah , Poerwanti Jenny Indrastoeti Siti , Istiyati Siti , Sularmi Sularmi , Marmoah Sri
Published: January 2020

Pengabdian   ini   ditujukan   untuk   anggota   PKK   Desa   Krajan   Sukoharjo dalam   rangka   meningkatkan   kesehatan   keluarga.   Tujuan   pengabdian   ini adalah agar  para  anggota  PKK  dapat  mengetahui  manfaat  dalam  menjaga kebersihan lingkungan   masyarakatdan   mampu   meningkatkandan   menjaga kebersihan lingkungan   masyarakat   terutama   keluarga.   Pengabdian   ini dilaksanakan   melalui metode ceramah dan diskusi. Hasil pengabdian sampai awal September 2019 ini adalah 1) terlaksananya pemaparan  tentang  kesehatan kepada    ibu-ibu    PKK    di    DesaKrajan    Kecamatan  Gatak    Kabupaten Sukoharjo   untuk   meningkatkan   kesehatan   keluarga;   2)   tanya jawab dan diskusi tentang kesehatan keluarga; 3) simulasi membersihkan ruangan tempat pertemuan dan dilanjutkan ke halamannya, kemudian dipisah-pisah antara sampah organik dan non organik.
Pendampingan Implementasi Model Research-Based Learning Pada Tingkat Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Susiani Tri Saptuti , Salimi Moh , Suhartono Suhartono , Hidayah Ratna
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pelaksanaan program lesson study sebagai program pembinaan guru dalam menerapkan model research based materials. Tahapan lesson study berupa plan (dilakukan satu hari sebelum kegiatan pembelajaran untuk rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan menyiapkan alat peraga secara kolaboratif), do (dilakukan oleh guru model, sementara guru-guru lain bertugas untuk mengamati aktivitas siswa saat pembelajaran berlangsung), dan see (dilakukan melalui kegiatan pelaporan dan diskusi seputar proses pembelajaran yang meliputi ketercapaian tujuan, aktivitas, kendala, dan solusi). Pelaksanaan pengabdian bertempat di SDN 3 Jatiluhur dan SDN 3 Grenggeng, Karanganyar, Kebumen. Adapun pelaksanaannya berlangsung sejak Juli hingga November 2019. Hasil program pengabdian ini berupa kegiatan pendampingan mengalami peningkatan, baik konsep maupun praktik pendekatan saintifik dengan perolehan rata-rata 81,42% atau kategori tinggi dan pola pendampingan dilakukan menggunakan lesson study selama dua siklus melalui kegiatan penguatan kemitraan, perencanaan dan desain RBL, implementasi RBL, evaluasi, dan diseminasi.
Upaya Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Berorientasi HOTS Bagi Guru Matematika SMP Kota Surakarta dengan Pemanfaatan Hasil Program AKSI for School
Authors: Sujadi Imam , Kurniawati Ira , Wulandari Arum Nur
Published: January 2020

Era revolusi industri 4.0 adalah suatu era dimana teknologi informasi telah menjadi basis dalam kehidupan manusia, karena dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan internet dan teknologi digital. Tantangan yang harus dihadapi dalam perubahan hidup di era disrupsi ini adalah peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia yang mampu  bersaing di era tersebut dengan bekal ketrampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan diawali dengan mensosialisasikan kebijakan pemerintah tentang Program AKSI for school kepada Guru agar mereka mampu memanfaatkan program AKSI untuk melakukan pembelajaran yang berorientasi Pada HOTS. Kegiatan terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu: (1) pembekalan tentang kebijakan pendidikan, perencanaan dan penilaian pembelajaran matematika berorientasi HOTS, (2) pelatihan penggunaan program AKSI for School, (3) pelatihan identifikasi kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal HOTS pada program AKSI for School, dan (4) pelatihan pengembangan pembelajaran untuk mengatasi kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal HOTS. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa guru guru MGMP matematika mampu menggunakan program AKSI for school dengan baik, mampu meningkatan pemahaman Guru matematika tentang karakteristik level soal level Knowing, Applying dan Reasoning, serta meningkatan kemampuan Guru dalam merancang pembelajaran matematika di SMP yang berorientasi pada HOTS.
 
Penerapan Teknologi Image Processing untuk Optimalisasi Petik Merah pada Kebun Kopi Rakyat
Authors: Budianto Aris , Budiyanto Cucuk , Fauzan Qois Amin , Widiastuti Indah , Maryono Dwi
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Coffee has been cultivated as the secondary produce for decades in Girimarto, Wonogiri, however, the selective picking practice remain alient for local farmers. Selective picking is considered impractical due to time consumption and laborous work that farmers should carry out. The community service project designs and implements image recognition technology to help acquire           coffee-cheery ripeness condition. Adopting a geolocation, the appropriate routing strategies, would enable farmers to selectively pick the red cherries in a systematic sequence. The image processing technology was applied by adopting Raspberry Pi microcomputer, Raspberry Pi Camera Board, version 2, and OpenCV programming language. The transition to selective picking and the subsequent post-harvest technology would likely produce high-quality green bean coffee. It is expected that the income of smallholder coffee farmers will gradually be increasing.

ABSTRAK

Praktek petik buah merah dalam budidaya kopi belum menjadi prosedur baku pada perkebunan kopi rakyat di wilayah Girimarto, Wonogiri. Petani menganggap praktek petik merah pada panen buah kopi merepotkan dan memakan waktu karena dalam satu kunjungan ke kebun mereka hanya memetik buah kopi yang benar-benar matang. Pengabdian ini mendesain dan menerapkan perangkat pemantau kematangan buah kopi untuk membantu petani memperoleh informasi lokasi buah matang dan estimasi jumlahnya sehingga petani bisa merencanakan jalur pemetikan kopi berdasarkan lokasi batang pohon kopi tingkat kematangannya. Teknologi image processing diterapkan dengan mengadopsi penggunaan komputer mikro Raspberry Pi, modul kamera Raspberry Pi Camera Board, versi 2, dan bahasa pemrograman OpenCV. Perubahan pola panen buah kopi dari petik sembarang (petik racutan_ menjadi panen petik merah diikuti dengan perbaikan proses fermentasi buah kopi diharapkan menghasilkan kualitas green bean menjadi lebih baik dan harga jual yang lebih tinggi.
Mempertahankan Eksistensi Jamu Tradisional melalui Perubahan Desain Pengemasan dan Pemasaran
Authors: Prabawa Harsa Wara , Fitriani Andhin Dyas
Published: January 2020

Jamu diyakini digunakan sebagai sarana untuk meningkatkan kebugaran, untuk menyembuhkan penyakit, dan untuk menjaga kecantikan. Saat ini, jamu bahkan dikonsumsi sebagai pengobatan komplementer dan alternatif (complementary and alternative medicine - CAM), terapi, dan bahkan untuk pengobatan kondisi parah seperti gagal ginjal dan diabetes. Namun bukan berarti industri jamu tidak memiliki kendala, terutama jika dikaitkan dengan eksistensi jamu tradisional. Permasalahan sebagian besar pelaku usaha jamu tradisional adalah penyajian jamu tradisional sendiri masih cenderung monoton dalam hal pengemasan dan kemasan, terutama jika ditinjau dari aspek visual. Permasalahan cara menjual dan segmen pasar yang dituju juga menjadi alasan kenapa jamu tradisional masih belum dapat bersaing secara baik dalam pasar yang tersedia. Pengabdian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pengusaha jamu tradisional di kecamatan Cimenyan terutama dalam hal yang berkaitan dengan strategi pemasaran dari produk jamu tradisional. Oleh karenanya, kegiatan pengabdian ini menargetkan beberapa pembenahan dalam penanganan masalah kemasan produk, yang diantaranya menyangkut proses edukasi dan pendampingan dalam perluasan pemasaran. Hasil diperoleh dari kegiatan pengabdian ini cukup memuaskan. Setidaknya jika ditinjau dari sisi perluasan segment pasar dan peningkatan volume penjualan yang pada akhirnya berdampak pada peningkatan pendapatan. Dalam kurun waktu tiga bulan pertama, peningkatan omset penjualan jamu tercatat sebesar lebih dari dua kali lipat dibandingkan dengan saat penjualan regular.
PEMANFAATAN ECOBRICKS SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Palupi Waraningtyas , Wahyuningsih Siti , Widiyastuti Endang , Nurjanah Novita Eka , Pudyaningtyas Adriani Rahma
Published: January 2020

Kegiatan bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan serta keterampilan guru-guru Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) di Surakarta dalam memanfaatkan ecobricks sebagai media pembelajaran khususnya sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan alat permainan edukatif (APE). Ecobricks merupakan suatu bahan ramah lingkungan berasal dari botol-botol plastik bekas yang tidak dapat terurai. Kegiatan sejalan dengan banyaknya masalah berkaitan dengan sampah, yiatu: (1) Banyaknya jumlah sampah plastik ditemukan di lingkungan yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal, (2) Kurangnya pengetahuan dalam pengolahan dan pemanfaatan sampah plastik sebagai media pembelajaran ramah linkungan, (3) Karakter untuk mencintai lingkungan pada anak tidak akan terbentuk tanpa stimulasi dari guru. Berdasar pada latar belakang tersebut, kegiatan berfokus pada pemberian pelatihan kepada guru-guru untuk memanfaatkan ecobricks sebagai media pembelajaran melalui pembuatan APE ramah lingkungan. Metode pelatihan dilakukan melalui proses ceramah, tanya jawab, demonstrasi, serta praktek langsung pembuatan APE. Hasil yang diperoleh menujukkan terjadinya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru-guru dalam memanfaatkan sampah plastik dengan menggunakan ecobricks sebagai APE. Guru-guru dapat membagikan pengalaman yang telah diperoleh kepada anak dan orang tuanya.
On Sampling Techniques for Corporate Credit Scoring
Authors: Nguyen Hung Ba , Huynh Van-Nam ,   School of Knowledge Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST) 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan,   Business School, The University of Edinburgh 29 Baccleuch Place, Edinburgh EHB 9JS, United Kingdom
Published: January 2020

The imbalanced dataset is a crucial problem found in many real-world applications. Classifiers trained on these datasets tend to overfit toward the majority class, and this problem severely affects classifier accuracy. This ultimately triggers a large cost to cover the error in terms of misclassifying the minority class especially in credit-granting decision when the minority class is the bad loan applications. By comparing the industry standard with well-known machine learning and ensemble models under imbalance treatment approaches, this study shows the potential performance of these models towards the industry standard in credit scoring. More importantly, diverse performance measurements reveal different weaknesses in various aspects of a scoring model. Employing class balancing strategies can mitigate classifier errors, and both homogeneous and heterogeneous ensemble approaches yield the best significant improvement on credit scoring.
Tsallis Entropy-Based Fuzzy Latent Semantics Analysis
Authors: Kanzawa Yuchi ,   Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan
Published: January 2020

In this study, we present a fuzzy counterpart to the probabilistic latent semantic analysis (PLSA) approach. It is derived by solving the optimization problem of Tsallis entropy-penalizing free energy of a pseudo PLSA model by using a modified i.i.d. assumption. This derivation is similar to that of the conventional fuzzy counterpart of the PLSA, which involves solving the optimization problem of Shannon entropy-penalizing free energy. Furthermore, the proposed method is validated using numerical examples.
Visualization of Potential Technical Solutions by SOM and Co-Clustering and its Extension to Multi-View Situation
Authors: Nishida Yasushi ,   Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, Honda Katsuhiro
Published: January 2020

In order to support inspiration of potential technical solutions, this paper considers visualization of solving means varied in patent documents through SOM. Non-structured patent document data can be quantified through two different scheme: word level co-occurrence probability vectors and correlation coefficients of the generated co-occurrence probability vectors. Comparing the two SOMs derived with the above schemes is useful for supporting innovation acceleration through extraction of important pairs of related factors in new technology development. In this paper, co-cluster structures are utilized for emphasizing field-related solutions by constructing multiple SOMs after co-clustering. Document × keyword co-occurrence analysis achieves extraction of co-clusters consisting of mutually related pairs in particular fields. Additionally, this paper also considers an extension to a multi-view situation, where each patent is characterized by additional patent classification system of F-term by Japan Patent Office. Through multi-view co-clustering among documents × keywords × F-terms, theme field-related knowledge is demonstrated to be extracted.
A Kernel k-Means-Based Method and Attribute Selections for Diabetes Diagnosis
Authors: Cao Tru , Vo Chau , Nguyen Son , Inoue Atsushi , Zhou Duanning ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Vietnam National University 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,   Eastern Washington University 668 North Riverpoint Boulevard, Spokane, Washington 99202-1677, USA
Published: January 2020

Diabetes diagnosis is important due to the high death rate and complication consequences caused by the disease. First, we propose a kernel k-means-based prediction method and explore attribute selections for effective and robust diabetes diagnosis. This method derives homogeneous sub-clusters in the high dimensional kernelized feature space to compute the distance of a new instance to those sub-clusters, and then apply the 1-nearest neighbor to classify it as positive or negative to the disease. Our experimental results could identify the best effective attribute group for each considered prediction method and show that the proposed method outperforms the existing ones for the task. Second, we introduce our developed diabetes visualization and decision support system, named DIAVIS, which is equipped with the proposed prediction method. This system can support doctors to diagnose diabetes and track patient health progress to prescribe proper medications in a treatment process.
Aggregation of Epistemic Uncertainty in Forms of Possibility and Certainty Factors
Authors: Yamada Koichi ,   Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1 Kami-Tomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
Published: January 2020

Uncertainty aggregation is an important reasoning for making decisions in the real world, which is full of uncertainty. The paper proposes an information source model for aggregating epistemic uncertainties about truth and discusses uncertainty aggregation in the form of possibility distributions. A new combination rule of possibilities for truth is proposed. Then, this paper proceeds to discussion about a traditional but seemingly forgotten representation of uncertainty (i.e., certainty factors (CFs)) and proposes a new interpretation based on possibility theory. CFs have been criticized because of their lack of sound mathematical interpretation from the viewpoint of probability. Thus, this paper first establishes a theory for a sound interpretation using possibility theory. Then it examines aggregation of CFs based on the interpretation and some combination rules of possibility distributions. The paper proposes several combination rules for CFs having sound theoretical basis, one of which is exactly the same as the oft-criticized combination.
Learning Effects of Robots Teaching Based on Cognitive Apprenticeship Theory
Authors: Miyauchi Kenya , Jimenez Felix , Yoshikawa Tomohiro , Furuhashi Takeshi , Kanoh Masayoshi ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan,   School of Information Science and Technology, Aichi Prefectural University 1522-3 Ibaragabasama, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1198, Japan,   School of Engineering, Chukyo University 101-2 Yagoto Honmachi, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8666, Japan
Published: January 2020

In recent years, educational support robots that assist learners have attracted attention. The main role of teacher-type robots in previous research has been to teach students how to solve problems and to explain learning material. Under such conditions, students may not learn the material adequately due to their reliance on the support of the robot; this paper utilizes the cognitive apprenticeship theory in order to prevent this problem. The cognitive apprenticeship theory asserts that the support provided to a student should change according to the student’s learning situation. Previous studies have reported that pedagogy based on the cognitive apprenticeship theory can improve students’ learning skills. Therefore, we hypothesize that students’ learning will improve when robots teach them how to solve questions based on the cognitive apprenticeship theory. In this paper, we investigate the learning effects of robot teaching based on the cognitive apprenticeship theory in collaborative learning with junior high-school and university students. The results of this experiment suggest that collaborative learning with robots that employ the cognitive apprenticeship theory improves the learning of high-school and university students.
Interval Data Envelopment Analysis for Inter-Group Data Usage
Authors: Entani Tomoe ,   University of Hyogo 7-1-28 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
Published: January 2020

Organizations are interested in exploiting the data from the other organizations for better analyses. Therefore, the data related policies of organizations should be sensitive to the data privacy issue, which has been widely discussed recently. The present study is focused on inter-group data usage for a relative evaluation. This research is based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA), which is used to measure the efficiency of a decision making unit (DMU) relatively employed within a group. In DEA, establishing an efficient frontier consisting of efficient DMUs is essential. We can obtain the efficiency values of a DMU by projecting it to the efficient frontier, and including in the efficiency interval via the interval DEA. When the original data of multiple groups are not open to each other, the alternative is to exchange the information corresponding to the efficient frontiers to estimate the efficiency intervals of a DMU in such a manner that the alternative is in the other groups. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method to replace the efficient frontier with a weight vector set, from which it is not possible to reconstruct the original data. Considering the weight vector sets of multiple groups, a DMU has three types of efficiency intervals: in its own group, in each of the other groups, and in the integrated group. They provide rich insights on the DMU from a broad perspective, and this encourages inter-group data usage. In this process, we focus on two types of information reduction: one is from the efficient frontier to the weight vector set, and the other is from a union of the groups to the integrated group.
Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks to Model iPSC-Derived Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Aida Saori , Kameda Hiroyuki , Nishisako Sakae , Kasai Tomonari , Sato Atsushi , Sugiyama Tomoyasu ,   School of Computer Science, Tokyo University of Technology 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan,   Graduate School of Bionics, Computer and Media Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan,   School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
Published: January 2020

The realization of effective and low-cost drug discovery is imperative to enable people to easily purchase and use medicines when necessary. This paper reports a smart system for detecting iPSC-derived cancer stem cells by using conditional generative adversarial networks. This system with artificial intelligence (AI) accepts a normal image from a microscope and transforms it into a corresponding fluorescent-marked fake image. The AI system learns 10,221 sets of paired pictures as input. Consequently, the system’s performance shows that the correlation between true fluorescent-marked images and fake fluorescent-marked images is at most 0.80. This suggests the fundamental validity and feasibility of our proposed system. Moreover, this research opens a new way for AI-based drug discovery in the process of iPSC-derived cancer stem cell detection.
Stepwise Noise Elimination for Better Motivational and Advisory Texts Classification
Authors: Swieczkowska Patrycja ,   Language Media Laboratory, Division of Media and Network Technologies, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University Nishi 9, Kita 14, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0814, Japan, Rzepka Rafal , Araki Kenji
Published: January 2020

There is little research into designing artificial motivational agents. The end-goal of our studies is therefore to create a dialogue system that would motivate users to do their everyday tasks using natural language. In this paper, we present a method of distinguishing texts containing motivational advice from regular texts to sort out noise in training data for our dialogue system. We implemented a novel method of chaining two shallow networks together by utilizing the output results of the first network to determine the input for the second one. We achieved F-score of 0.94 and 0.97 with our proposed method. The contributions of this paper are threefold: first, we successfully identified 14 hand-crafted features that make a text motivational/advisory. Secondly, we were able to create a classifying algorithm that distinguishes motivational/advisory texts from regular ones. Finally, our proposed method can be applied to other text classification tasks.
EVALUASI KURIKULUM PELATIHAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU PAI DI BALAI DIKLAT KEAGAMAAN JAKARTA
Authors: Bahrissalim Bahrissalim , Fauzan Fauzan
Published: January 2020

 This study aims to analyze the curriculum of PAI SD teacher training at Jakarta Religious Training Center, to identify the qualifications of the teaching staff and the Training participants at the Jakarta Religious Training Center, to review the implementation process of the curriculum at the Jakarta Religious Training Center, and to analyze the results of the improvement of pedagogic competence after the participants attended the training. The method used in this research is survey method using evaluative research type with CIPP model (context, Input, Process, Product). Data collection techniques used were observation, interview, questionnaire, document analysis and test. This research found: 1) Design of curriculum Training of Islamic Primary School Education teachers need to be improved formulation of training objectives and competence of Training participants, 2) Teachers Training of Islamic Primary School Teachers Education teachers meet the qualifications determined by R & D Institute of Ministry of Religious Affairs. 3) The qualification of the participants of the Teacher Training for Islamic Primary School Education is not in accordance with the stipulations set out by the IAARD and the Ministry of Religious Affairs, 4) The evaluation of post-training process and evaluation needs to be improved and supplemented with monitoring and evaluation, and mentoring program. 5) The process of education and training at Jakarta Religious Training Center can improve the competence of teachers of Islamic Religious Education of Elementary School in DKI Jakarta.
Severe Wound Complication due to Prineo Surgical Dressing in Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Pate Ryan C. , Neumeister Michael W.
Published: January 2020

Case:

A 61-year-old woman with left shoulder osteoarthritis underwent a left shoulder hemiarthroplasty. The wound was closed using the Dermabond Prineo system. The patient had a severe and progressive reaction during the first 2 weeks that necessitated debridement and skin grafting. Three months after surgery, the patient was doing well.

Conclusions:

Severe reactions to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate are uncommon. The severity of the presented reaction is rare. However, surgeons using this closure method should be aware of potential reactions that may initially mimic infection. It is important to initiate appropriate treatment including removing the dressing, topical steroids, and/or oral antihistamines, antibiotics, and possible surgical wound debridement.
Bilateral Acetabular Fractures Associated with Seizures
Authors: Yngstrom Korey , Stapleton Erik , Aberman Zachary , Galos David
Published: January 2020

Cases:

Two elderly women with significant medical comorbidities presented to a community hospital setting after new-onset generalized seizure activity while in bed without a history of trauma. Both were diagnosed by computed tomography scan with bilateral acetabular fractures. Owing to altered mental status from a postictal period, both were unable to be reliably assessed for pain, which resulted in a diagnostic delay.

Conclusions:

These cases highlight the importance of a proper secondary survey on mentally altered patients even without a history of significant trauma, a high index of suspicion for associated injuries in seizure patients, and the use of appropriate advanced imaging.
Reamed Intramedullary Nailing of a Femur Fracture in a Polytraumatized Patient on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Bosch Liam , Ruoss Stephen , Bishop Julius
Published: January 2020

Case:

We present the case of a young adult with blunt lung trauma and acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) after a motor vehicle crash with a concomitant diaphyseal femur fracture who underwent reamed intramedullary nailing (IMN) while on ECMO support.

Conclusion:

This case is important because it demonstrates that reamed IMN of the femur has been performed safely in a critically ill patient on ECMO.
Femoropatellar Osteoarthritis and Trochlear Femoral Bone Defect due to Giant Cell Tumor of the Knee: A Selected Patellofemoral Joint Arthroplasty and Reconstructive Technique
Authors: Conti Andrea , Boffano Michele , Pellegrino Pietro , Ratto Nicola , Sabatini Luigi , Piana Raimondo
Published: January 2020

Case:

A 35-year-old man with a giant cell tumor involving the lateral condyle and trochlea of the right distal femur underwent curettage of the lesion and cement grafting, which resulted in symptomatic patellofemoral osteoarthritis after more than 4 years. A standard follow-up excluded recurrence, whereas infection was ruled out while investigating the symptoms. Finally, a patellofemoral resurfacing prosthesis was implanted while filling the bone defects with tantalum cones.

Conclusion:

A “tailored” surgical technique with a selected patellofemoral joint arthroplasty could be used in oncologic setting to save further bone stock for possible revisions while permitting full and quick clinical recovery.
Venous Thromboembolism in Pediatric Orthopaedic Patients
Authors: Bishop Courtney
Published: January 2020

Individuals who sustain orthopaedic trauma may have an increased risk of developing a deep vein thrombosis in an injured extremity. Venous thromboembolisms (VTEs) occur rarely in the ambulatory pediatric population; however, morbidity and mortality are significant; therefore, awareness of risk factors and signs and symptoms by providers is imperative. There is limited evidence to support prophylaxis for VTE in the pediatric population, and no current guidelines exist for VTE prophylaxis in pediatric orthopaedic patients.
Team Approach: Evaluation and Management of Low-Grade Cartilaginous Lesions
Authors: Sullivan Connor W. , Kazley Jillian M. , Murtaza Hamza , Cooley Michael , Jones David , DiCaprio Matthew R.
Published: January 2020

» Assessment of chondral lesions begins with a clinical evaluation and radiographs.

» Longitudinal follow-up with serial radiographs is appropriate in cases without evidence of aggressive radiographic features.

» Concerning radiographic features include periosteal reaction, soft-tissue extension, cortical destruction, endosteal scalloping of greater than two-thirds of the native cortex, larger lesion size (≥5 cm), and location in the axial skeleton.

» Biomarkers such as IMP3, SOX4, microRNA, and periostin may be used as an adjunct in histologic assessment to help differentiate benign enchondroma from a low-grade chondrosarcoma.

» Advanced-imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT), bone scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), may be considered for borderline cases.

» Aggressive or concerning radiographic features should prompt evaluation with advanced imaging or referral to an orthopaedic oncologist.
Dropped Head Syndrome
Authors: Brodell James D. , Sulovari Aron , Bernstein David N. , Mongiovi Phillip C. , Ciafaloni Emma , Rubery Paul T. , Mesfin Addisu
Published: January 2020

» Dropped head syndrome is a group of disorders with diverse etiologies involving different anatomical components of the neck, ultimately resulting in a debilitating, flexible, anterior curvature of the cervical spine.

» Causes of dropped head syndrome include myasthenia gravis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson disease, radiation therapy, and cumulative age-related changes. Idiopathic cases have also been reported.

» Nonoperative treatment of dropped head syndrome includes orthotic bracing and physical therapy.

» Surgical treatment of dropped head syndrome consists of cervical spine fusion to correct the deformity.

» The limited data available examining the clinical and radiographic outcomes of surgical intervention indicate a higher rate of complications with the majority having favorable outcomes in the long term.
Role of the Meniscofemoral Ligaments in the Stability of the Posterior Lateral Meniscus Root After Injury in the ACL-Deficient Knee
Authors: Knapik Derrick M. , Salata Michael J. , Voos James E. , Greis Patrick E. , Karns Michael R.
Published: January 2020

» Injuries to the posterior root of the lateral meniscus occur frequently in acute knee injuries with concomitant tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).

» The meniscofemoral ligaments (MFLs), consisting of the anterior MFL (ligament of Humphrey) and the posterior MFL (ligament of Wrisberg), as well as the osseous attachment of the meniscal root, stabilize the lateral meniscus, enabling appropriate load transmission and maintenance of contact forces within the lateral compartment of the knee during loading and range of motion.

» In the setting of an ACL injury to the knee with osseous root injury of the posterior root of the lateral meniscus, the MFLs (when present) may stabilize the lateral meniscus against meniscal extrusion, thereby maintaining appropriate contact mechanics within the knee, decreasing the risk of subsequent chondral and meniscal injury and the development of premature osteoarthritis.

» Additional study on the indications for posterior meniscal root repair during ACL reconstruction is warranted since the ideal management of lateral root injury in the MFL-intact knee remains unknown.
Analisis Psikologi Tokoh dalam Filosofi Kopi untuk Menentukan Materi Pembelajaran Sastra
Authors: Puspita Ayunda Riska
Published: January 2020

Karya sastra merupakan salah satu media untuk memotivasi siswa. Motivasi tersebut biasanya disampaikan dalam pesan yang terkandung dalam karya sastra. Salah satu pembawa pesan dalam karya sastra adalah melalui tokoh yang digambarkan oleh pengarang. Untuk mengetahui pesan yang terkandung dalam karya sastra melalui tokohnya, dapat dianalisis melalui psikologi tokoh dengan pendekatan psikoanalisa yang disampiakan oleh Freud. Psikoanalisa Freud menganalisis tiga unsur dalam diri manusi, yakni id, ego, dan super ego. Ketiga sistem tersebut bekerja secara seimbang pada diri Ben. Semula Ben dikuasai oleh id, dan ego selalu berjalan dengan id. Kemudian sedikit demi sedikit konflik-konflik yang dialami oleh Ben mengakibatkan ego tak sejalan lagi dengan id. Hal ini mengakibatkan superego muncul pada diri Ben, dan menjalankan fungsinya. Analisis ini berkontribusi dalam pembelajaran sastra, yakni kontribusi pada aspek afektif dan kognisi. Pada aspek afektif, analisis ini dapat memberi motivasi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang tidak ambisi dalam mengejar kesempurnaan karena tidak ada yang sempurna di dunia ini.  Pada aspek kognitif, kajian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi untuk menambah pengetahuan mahasiswa tentang analisis karya sastra, khususnya cerpen.