bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Health Nurses and Mothers Challenge and Shift the Meaning of Health Outcomes
Authors: Aston Megan , Etowa Josephine , Price Sheri , Vukic Adele , Hart Christine , MacLeod Emily , Randel Patricia
Published: March 2016

Maternal, child, and newborn health is a priority area in Canada and around the world. The work of public health nurses (PHNs) is often invisible and misunderstood. The purpose of this qualitative research project was to explore how universal and targeted home visiting programs for mothers and babies were organized, delivered, and experienced through the everyday practices of PHNs ( n = 16) and mothers ( n = 16) in Nova Scotia, Canada. Feminist poststructuralism and discourse analysis were used to analyze interviews. Concepts of relations of power enabled an understanding of how health outcomes had been socially and institutionally constructed through binary relations. PHNs and mothers spoke about the importance of “softer” health outcomes, including maternal self-confidence and empowerment that had been constructed as less important than health outcomes that were seen to be more tangible and physical. Findings from this research could be used to guide practice and planning of postpartum home visiting programs.
Consequential considerations when mapping tRNA fragments
Authors: Telonis Aristeidis G. , Loher Phillipe , Kirino Yohei , Rigoutsos Isidore
Published: March 2016

We examine several of the choices that went into the design of tDRmapper, a recently reported tool for identifying transfer RNA (tRNA) fragments in deep sequencing data, evaluate them in the context of currently available knowledge, and discuss their potential impact on the output that the tool generates.
Best approximation and variational inequality problems involving a simulation function
Authors: Tchier Fairouz , Vetro Calogero , Vetro Francesca
Published: March 2016

We prove the existence of a g-best proximity point for a pair of mappings, by using suitable hypotheses on a metric space. Moreover, we establish some convergence results for a variational inequality problem, by using the variational characterization of metric projections in a real Hilbert space. Our results are applicable to classical problems of optimization theory.
IL-1β differently stimulates proliferation and multinucleation of distinct mouse bone marrow osteoclast precursor subsets
Authors: Cao Yixuan , Jansen Ineke D C , Sprangers Sara , Stap Jan , Leenen Pieter J M , Everts Vincent , de Vries Teun J
Published: March 2016

Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells and targets for treating bone diseases. Previously, we reported that distinct murine osteoclast precursor subsets, such as early blasts (CD31hi Ly-6C−), myeloid blasts (CD31+ Ly-6C+), and monocytes (CD31− Ly-6Chi), respond differently to the osteoclastogenesis-inducing cytokines, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand. It is unknown, however, how these cell types respond to the osteoclast-stimulating inflammatory cytokine interleukin 1β. This study aims to investigate the effect of interleukin 1β on osteoclastogenesis derived from different mouse bone marrow precursors. Early blasts, myeloid blasts, and monocytes were sorted from mouse bone marrow cells using flow cytometry. Cells were cultured on plastic or on bone slices in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand, without or with interleukin 1β (0.1–10 ng/ml). We found that interleukin 1β stimulated multinucleation and bone resorption of osteoclasts derived from the 3 precursors at different rates. The most large osteoclasts (>20 nuclei) and highest level of bone resorption (16.3%) was by myeloid blast–derived osteoclasts. Interleukin 1β particularly accelerated proliferation of early blasts and the most small osteoclasts (3–5 nuclei) formed on plastic. Life span varied among osteoclasts derived from different precursors: large osteoclasts (>2400 µm2) formed most rapidly (75 h) from myeloid blasts but had a short life span (30 h). Monocytes needed the longest time (95 h) for the generation of such large osteoclasts, but these cells had a longer life span (50 h). Our results indicate that the different bone marrow osteoclast precursors are differently stimulated by interleukin 1β with respect to proliferation, multinucleation, life span, and bone resorption.
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates autoimmune arthritis by reciprocal regulation of T helper-17 regulatory T cells and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting STAT3 signaling
Authors: Lee Seon-Yeong , Jung Young Ok , Ryu Jun-Geol , Oh Hye-Jwa , Son Hye-Jin , Lee Seung Hoon , Kwon Jeong-Eun , Kim Eun-Kyung , Park Mi-Kyung , Park Sung-Hwan , Kim Ho-Youn , Cho Mi-La
Published: March 2016

The green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate is a potent antioxidant. Here, we describe the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on T cell differentiation and osteoclast differentiation in an animal model of arthritis. Mice with collagen-induced arthritis were injected intraperitoneally with epigallocatechin-3-gallate, 3 times/wk after the primary immunization. Surface markers of T helper 17 cells and regulatory T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Flow cytometry, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to evaluate the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on cell signaling in the collagen-induced arthritis model. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate decreased the arthritis index and showed protective effects against joint destruction in collagen-induced arthritis mice. The expression of cytokines, oxidative stress proteins, and phosphorylated-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3, 705 and 727, were significantly less in mice treated with epigallocatechin-3-gallate than it was in controls. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduced the expression of osteoclast markers in vitro and in vivo relative to the control, and the antiosteoclastic activity was observed in epigallocatechin-3-gallate–treated, interferon-γ knockout mice. The proportion of forkhead box protein 3–positive regulatory T cells was increased in the spleens of mice treated with epigallocatechin-3-gallate compared with control mice, whereas the proportion of T helper 17 cells was reduced. In vitro, the expression of nuclear respiratory factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase was increased significantly by epigallocatechin-3-gallate. We demonstrated that the administration of epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuated the symptoms of arthritis, inhibited osteoclastogenesis and T helper 17 cell activation, and increased the number of regulatory T cells. At the molecular level, the antiarthritic effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate may be due to induction of phosphorylated–extracellular signal-regulated kinase, nuclear respiratory factor 2, and heme oxygenase-1 and inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 activation.
Using Quality Improvement Methods and Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing to Improve Value-Based Cancer Care Delivery at a Cancer Genetics Clinic
Authors: Tan Ryan Y.C. , Met-Domestici Marie , Zhou Ke , Guzman Alexis B. , Lim Soon Thye , Soo Khee Chee , Feeley Thomas W. , Ngeow Joanne
Published: March 2016

Purpose:

To meet increasing demand for cancer genetic testing and improve value-based cancer care delivery, National Cancer Centre Singapore restructured the Cancer Genetics Service in 2014. Care delivery processes were redesigned. We sought to improve access by increasing the clinic capacity of the Cancer Genetics Service by 100% within 1 year without increasing direct personnel costs.

Methods:

Process mapping and plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles were used in a quality improvement project for the Cancer Genetics Service clinic. The impact of interventions was evaluated by tracking the weekly number of patient consultations and access times for appointments between April 2014 and May 2015. The cost impact of implemented process changes was calculated using the time-driven activity-based costing method.

Results:

Our study completed two PDSA cycles. An important outcome was achieved after the first cycle: The inclusion of a genetic counselor increased clinic capacity by 350%. The number of patients seen per week increased from two in April 2014 (range, zero to four patients) to seven in November 2014 (range, four to 10 patients). Our second PDSA cycle showed that manual preappointment reminder calls reduced the variation in the nonattendance rate and contributed to a further increase in patients seen per week to 10 in May 2015 (range, seven to 13 patients). There was a concomitant decrease in costs of the patient care cycle by 18% after both PDSA cycles.

Conclusion:

This study shows how quality improvement methods can be combined with time-driven activity-based costing to increase value. In this paper, we demonstrate how we improved access while reducing costs of care delivery.
Managing Liposarcomas: Cutting Through the Fat
Authors: Manji Gulam A. , Schwartz Gary K.
Published: March 2016

Liposarcomas are one of the most common of more than 50 histologic subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas that, themselves, are heterogeneous. Liposarcomas fall into four distinct histologic subtypes: atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma, dedifferentiated liposarcoma, myxoid (round cell) liposarcoma, and pleomorphic liposarcoma. Definitive treatment remains surgical resection with negative margins for resectable disease. However, well-differentiated liposarcomas that are large or difficult to operate upon should be followed with close surveillance as long as there is no radiologic concern for a dedifferentiated component. In contrast, first-line chemotherapy with anthracycline with or without ifosfamide, or gemcitabine and docetaxel should be used for inoperable myxoid (round cell) or pleomorphic liposarcomas, which are relatively responsive to chemotherapy. In the second- and third-line setting, myxoid liposarcomas, in particular, seem to be sensitive to trabectedin, which was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Eribulin offered a survival benefit when compared with dacarbazine in the third-line setting in liposarcomas (other than the well-differentiated subtype) and is now FDA approved. Recent studies have identified distinct genetic aberrations that not only aid in the diagnosis of liposarcoma subtypes but represent actionable targets. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and murine double minute 2 are overexpressed in well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas and offer opportunities that are being pursued in clinical trials. It is critical that liposarcomas are not approached by oncologists as one disease entity but rather subclassified into distinct subtypes using histologic and molecular tools before formalizing a treatment plan.
Chemotherapy for Bone Sarcoma in Adults
Authors: Wagner Michael J. , Livingston J. Andrew , Patel Shreyaskumar R. , Benjamin Robert S.
Published: March 2016

The largest studies of chemotherapy for bone sarcomas are in the pediatric population. Although increasing age is often found to be an adverse prognostic factor in these clinical trials, few studies are aimed at assessing regimens specifically in the adult population. Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma have peak incidences in the pediatric and young adult population but also occur in adults. Chondrosarcoma and giant cell tumor of bone are generally found in adults. In this review, we describe the current status of our knowledge about treating adults with cancers of bone origin. We also describe our experience treating patients in the adult Sarcoma Medical Oncology group at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
The Effects of Lidocaine on Central Respiratory Neuron Activity and Nociceptive-Related Responses in the Brainstem–Spinal Cord Preparation of the Newborn Rat
Authors: Shakuo Tomoharu , Lin Shih-Tien , Onimaru Hiroshi
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND:

Lidocaine is widely used in the clinical setting as a local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic drug. Although it has been suggested that lidocaine exerts inhibitory effects on the central and peripheral neurons, there are no reports on its effects on central respiratory activity in vertebrates. In this study, we examined the effects of lidocaine on respiratory rhythm generation and nociceptive response in brainstem–spinal cord preparations from the newborn rats.

METHODS:

Preparations were isolated from Wistar rats (postnatal day 0–3) and superfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid equilibrated with 95% O2 and 5% CO2, pH 7.4, at 25°C to 26°C. We examined the effects of lidocaine on the fourth cervical ventral root (C4)-inspiratory activity and on the preinspiratory and inspiratory neurons in the rostral medulla. We also examined the effects on the C4/C5 reflex responses induced by ipsilateral C7/C8 dorsal root stimulation, which are thought to be related to the nociceptive response.

RESULTS:

The application of low doses of lidocaine (10–20 μM) resulted in a slight increase of the C4 burst rate, whereas high doses of lidocaine (100–400 μM) decreased the burst rate in a dose-dependent manner, eventually resulting in the complete cessation of respiratory rhythm. High doses of lidocaine decreased the burst duration and negative slope conductance of preinspiratory neurons, suggesting that lidocaine blocked persistent Na+ current. After the burst generation of the respiratory neurons ceased, depolarizing current stimulation continued to induce action potentials; however, the induction of the spike train was depressed because of strong adaptation. A low dose of lidocaine (20 μM) depressed C4/C5 spinal reflex responses.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings indicate that lidocaine depressed nociception-related responses at lower concentrations than those that induced respiratory depression. Our report provides the basic neuronal mechanisms to support the clinical use of lidocaine, which shows antinociceptive effects with minimal side effects on breathing.
Bacterial Contamination of the Anesthesia Workplace and Efficiency of Routine Cleaning Procedures: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Goebel Ulrich , Gebele Nicole , Ebner Winfried , Dettenkofer Markus , Bürkle Hartmut , Hauschke Dieter , Schulz-Stübner Sebastian
Published: March 2016

In this prospective cohort study, 200 decontamination (cleaning and disinfection) procedures of the anesthesia workplace either by anesthesia nurses or by specially trained housekeeping staff were monitored. Time used by housekeeping staff was shorter (1.2 ± 0.1 vs 2.6 ± 0.2 minutes on average, data are mean ± SEM; P < 0.0001) with less visible marker spots (14.4 ± 0.68 [55%] vs 17.3 ± 0.75 [66.7%] on average, data are mean ± SEM; P = 0.0041), and the bacterial load showed a decrease (≅67%, P < 0.0001) compared with anesthesia nurses. Specially trained housekeeping staff outperformed anesthesia nurses in cleaning the anesthesia workplace. Specific training for anesthesia workplace cleaning is supported by these findings.
Formation of the Tonal Pattern and Prosodic Transformation of the Pentasyllabic Line in the Datong Reign (535–46) of the Liang
Authors: Xiaoqin Du , E Li
Published: March 2016

Using statistical evidence, this essay considers the differentiation of the tones of the second and fourth syllables in a pentasyllabic line during the Datong reign period 大同 (535–46) of the Liang 梁 (502–57), a crucial stage in the development of recent-style regulated verse. The increased use of 2–2–1 prosodic structure of the pentasyllabic lines of this period indicates that the fourth syllable in the line had become a defining caesural point. Furthermore, the emergence of this new regulation will be shown in relation to the growing need for semantic and aesthetic expression in pentasyllabic poetry ranging from the Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 (420–589) to the Sui 隋 (581–618) and the Tang 唐 (618–907) periods.
Sound Over Ideograph: The Basis of Chinese Poetic Art
Authors: Cai Zong-qi
Published: March 2016

The author argues that Chinese characters have shaped Chinese poetic art not through their ideographic form but through their monosyllabic sound. Specifically, the pauses in a Chinese poetic line tend to be determined by sound patterns. Since monosyllabic sound is nearly always endowed with meaning, sound patterns tend to be semantic groupings as well. These groupings of meaning, in turn, determine syntax and, by extension, the organization of an entire poem. Given the semantic denseness of Chinese poetry, this structure is crucial to the overall meaning of a poem, to how we read or understand it. So what we have is something like sound ⇒ prosodic pattern ⇒ semantic grouping ⇒ syntax ⇒ structure. A multilayered integration of all these elements seems to represent the gestalt of Chinese poetic form, with monosyllabic sound as its foundation. At its best, this gestalt engenders a dynamic interplay of all its elements, from which poetic vision emerges.
The Influence of Quasiplanar Structures of Partially Oxygen-Bridged Triphenylamine Dimers on the Properties of Their Bulk Films
Authors: Nishimura Hidetaka , Fukushima Tatsuya , Wakamiya Atsushi , Murata Yasujiro , Kaji Hironori
Published: March 2016

The relationship between molecular orientation and charge-transporting properties in vapor-deposited films of two doubly oxygen-bridged triphenylamine dimers, which differ in their connection mode, was examined. A comparison of the fluorescence spectra obtained from these films, as well as from solution and the crystalline state revealed that the dimers retain two different states in amorphous films, i.e., a monomer-like random orientation and a crystalline-like π-stacking orientation. Regarding the crystalline-like π-stacking orientation in the films, one dimer forms a one-dimensional π-stacking structure, whereas the other dimer forms a two-dimensional π-stacking structure, thus reflecting the difference in packing structure in the crystals. Time-of-flight measurements showed a strong dependence of the charge mobilities in the film of the dimer with a one-dimensional π-stacking structure on the electric field. The film of the dimer with a two-dimensional π-stacking structure exhibited ambipolar charge-transport properties with high electron and hole mobilities. When these dimers were used as hole injection layers in organic light-emitting diode devices, the external quantum efficiencies improved by a factor of 1.2 relative to standard devices.
Feline primary hyperaldosteronism: clinical and surgical approach
Authors: Fernandez Yordan , Seth Mayank , Murgia Daniela
Published: March 2016

Primary hyperaldosteronism, also known as Conn's syndrome, is probably the most common adrenocortical disease in cats. As in humans, this disease is suspected to be underdiagnosed in cats. Cats presenting with systemic arterial hypertension and/or hypokalaemia are erroneously presumed to have chronic kidney disease, and further investigations are not undertaken. This may potentially exclude a significant number of cats from receiving appropriate treatment. It is therefore important for general practitioners to be aware of the disease. This article describes the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic investigations, treatment options and prognosis of feline primary hyperaldosteronism.
Best practice: Spending the Sport Premium
Authors: O'Connell Suzanne
Published: March 2016

Making good use of the PE and Sport Premium is a key challenge for England's primary schools – especially as it looks like the funding will be around for some years yet. Suzanne O'Connell looks at new research into the best practices that are emerging
Linking performance management to CPD
Authors: Clay Bridget
Published: March 2016

How can we ensure that performance management supports your staff's professional learning? Bridget Clay offers some advice
Ten steps to prioritising communication skills
Authors: Whitmore Maxine
Published: March 2016

Aerodrome Primary Academy won national recognition at the Shine a Light Awards for its work supporting pupils' speech, language and communication development. Maxine Whitmore discusses their approaches and offers 10 tips
What does effective assessment look like?
Authors: Hunter Sam
Published: March 2016

Headteacher Sam Hunter reports from an assessment without levels expert panel discussion featuring four primary leaders and focusing on the key question of what makes for effective assessment practice
Tackling hunger and engaging parents
Authors: Sobel Daniel
Published: March 2016

The raft of challenges facing Richmond Hill School made narrowing the gap seem like an outrageous challenge. However, by tackling the barriers that prevent pupils from being ready to learn, among other strategies, the school is making huge strides. Daniel Sobel explains
Where is the paramedic profession going with pain management?
Authors: Hodkinson Mark
Published: March 2016

Pain management is a contemporary issue in pre-hospital care. Mark Hodkinson outlines how in recent years, the development of specialist paramedic roles and changes in laws relating to the control of drugs has seen advances in the array of analgesic options available to paramedics.
The need for optimism at a challenging time for the NHS emerges as key theme of ALF
Authors: Quaile Alistair
Published: March 2016

With the NHS facing one of its most challenging periods since its inception almost 68 years ago, Alistair Quaile reports on this year's Ambulance Leadership Forum, which focused on the future look and feel of ambulance service provision.
Five tips for the new middle leader
Authors: Atherton Matthew
Published: March 2016

Surviving as a new and young middle leader can be challenging. Drawing upon his own experience, Matthew Atherton offers five pieces of advice for new middle leaders
How to keep teachers teaching
Authors: McLean Colin
Published: March 2016

Colin McLean speaks to secondary leader Jamie Jardine about his approach to the challenge of recruitment and the retention of teachers
Five keys to learning: Grab Student's attention
Authors: Bromley Matt
Published: March 2016

Continuing his five-part series, Matt Bromley is dissecting his five key aspects of engaging and effective lessons. Key number three is grabbing your students' attention. He offers some practical advice
Thrombin Generation Assay and Its Application in the Clinical Laboratory
Authors: Tripodi Armando
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND

A gap exists between in vivo and ex vivo coagulation when investigated by use of the coagulation tests prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). The thrombin generation assay (TGA) has been developed to fill this gap.

CONTENT

TGA evaluates thrombin generation (resulting from the action of the procoagulant driver) and decay (resulting from the action of the anticoagulant driver), thus assessing the balance between the two. Coagulation of the test plasma (platelet poor or platelet rich) is activated by small amounts of tissue factor and phospholipids, and the reaction of thrombin generation is continuously monitored by means of a thrombin-specific fluorogenic substrate. Among the parameters derived from the thrombin-generation curve, the most important is the endogenous thrombin potential, defined as the net amount of thrombin that test plasmas can generate on the basis of the relative strength of the pro- and anticoagulant drivers. TGA is therefore the candidate assay to investigate hypo- or hypercoagulability.

From my analysis of the literature, I draw the following conclusions. There is strong evidence that TGA is helpful to elucidate coagulation mechanisms in various clinical conditions that until recently were poorly understood (chronic liver disease; diabetes; inflammatory bowel disease, myeloproliferative neoplasms, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease). TGA is a promising laboratory tool for investigating hemorrhagic coagulopathies and monitoring replacement therapy in hemophiliacs, predicting the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism after a first event, and monitoring patients on parenteral or oral anticoagulants. These applications require clinical trials in which TGA results are combined with specific clinical end points.
Necesidades de los hombres frente a cuidados de larga duración de sus parejas con esclerosis múltiple: los casos de Finlandia, Austria y España
Authors: Pérez Belda Carmen
Published: March 2016

El papel de los hombres como cuidadores de personas dependientes ha estado omitido o relegado a un segundo plano en el cuerpo de la investigación dedicada al cuidado. La mujer ha sido la gran protagonista dentro de la provisión del cuidado en el ámbito familiar. Aunque durante los últimos años también se han realizado estudios sobre la participación de los hombres en el cuidado y en tareas tradicionalmente realizadas por mujeres. Este artículo profundiza en las experiencias de los hombres de Laponia, en Finlandia; de Vorarlberg, en Austria; y de Alicante, en España, cuando sus esposas necesitan cuidados de larga duración debido a la enfermedad de Esclerosis Múltiple. Éstas han sido analizadas bajo la perspectiva de género, prestando atención a la influencia de factores contextuales en cada caso. Las relaciones de género, tales como poder, emoción, simbolismo y producción (Connell, 2002), y de las perspectivas interaccional, individual e institucional (Stoller, 2002), han sido la referencia teórica para este análisis. Los resultados de este estudio nos ofrecen la posibilidad de acercarnos a las experiencias que viven los hombres envueltos en el cuidado de larga duración, mostrando la influencia de factores contextuales, tales como los diferentes sistemas de protección social que tienen, así como de factores de género.
Cesare Pavese, Il mestiere di vivere
Authors: Benavent Benavent Júlia
Published: March 2016

Aquest article aporta claus interpretatives per a la contextualització d’Il mestiere di vivere de Cesare Pavese, mostra algunes de les tortuoses contradiccions del malaguanyat escriptor, i analitza la censura que es va operar quan l’editorial Einaudi finalment es va decidir a publicar-ne el cèlebre diari.
Diaris i cànon en la literatura catalana contemporània: el Trajecte circular de Vicent Alonso
Authors: Borja i Sanz Joan
Published: March 2016

Després d’un seguit de consideracions generals sobre els diaris i el cànon literari, aquest treball aporta una primera aproximació a Trajecte circular, el singular dietari del valencià Vicent Alonso. S’hi analitza el tipus de pacte de lectura proposat, les concomitàncies amb l’assaig fusterià, les funcions discursives de l’evocació o la quotidianitat i, sobretot, l’abundós joc d’intertextualitats, amb una atenció específica a les funcions que hi exerceixen les citacions.
Josep Vallverdú, un escriptor de dietaris?
Authors: Calvo Mayor Roser
Published: March 2016

Aquest estudi de Roser Calvo examina l’obra dietarística —de singulars característiques— que ha anat confegint el prestigiós escriptor lleidatà Josep Vallverdú, amb una atenció especial a l’obra Quasi nou llunes, obra imbuïda del pes dels anys viscuts.
Referent i estil en el dietari
Authors: Grasset Morell Eloi
Published: March 2016

Eloi Grasset aporta una extensa i sagaç reflexió sobre autobiografia i literatura, que ataca des de la caracterització dels dietaris com a forma de literatura («la submissió de manera explícita del text al calendari és l’única possible característica unívoca del dietari que permet el desenvolupament regular de la progressió d’escriptura») fins a la problemàtica que afecta la dissolució de límits en els gèneres literaris («el dietari i la seva inclusió en l’imaginari dels gèneres literaris representa un dels detonants per a l’explosió de la noció mateixa de gènere literari», per la qual cosa «hem d’aprendre a buscar la literatura en un altre lloc, més enllà dels gèneres»).
Per manament del confessor: l’esclat de l’autobiografia femenina en l’edat moderna. El cas del dietari espiritual de la il·licitana sor Gertrudis de la Santíssima Trinitat
Authors: Herrero Herrero María Ángeles
Published: March 2016

En aquest treball, M. Ángeles Herrero s’endinsa al món de l’autobiografia femenina i els diaris espirituals de l’edat moderna. Resseguint el cas concret de sor Gertrudis d’Elx (que exemplifica una realitat lingüística, ideològica, històrica i social), Herrero demostra la pervivència fins al segle XVIII de l’estereotip de l’autobiografia espiritual femenina que es posà en voga a partir del segle XVI i, sobretot, en el XVII.
Un cànon al marge del cànon
Authors: López-Pampló Gonçal
Published: March 2016

Gonçal López-Pampló tracta el fenomen dels blogs, amb tot un seguit de consideracions sobre les tecnologies informàtiques i el desenvolupament del paradigma comunicatiu; sobre com aquest paradigma afecta la noció de cànon; sobre quins són els límits que defineixen el camp literari i el camp digital; i, finalment, sobre el cas concret de La catosfera literària: la primera antologia de blogs en català presentada en format de llibre.
Els diaris del Diari de Manuel de Pedrolo: el Diari, la jubilació d’un novel·lista?
Authors: Salvo Torres Ramon
Published: March 2016

Ramon Salvo Torres escruta des de diversos angles el Diari de Manuel de Pedrolo, en tant que darrer projecte narratiu del prolífic escriptor de l’Aranyó. L’exercici permet a l’estudiós, entre moltes altres coses, comentar l’anomenada «paradoxa pedroliana»: per un costat, el silenci i l’escassa valoració de la crítica; per l’altre, l’èxit extraordinari de lectors.
La música en les Rondalles valencianes d’Enric Valor
Authors: Ferrando Morales Àngel Lluís
Published: March 2016

Les referències a la música que trobem dins del corpus de les Rondalles valencianes d’Enric Valor, amb la corresponent classificació i estudi, són l’objectiu central d’aquest treball. Al llarg del més d’un miler de pàgines que l’escriptor de Castalla va publicar amb relats tradicionals, personatges fantàstics o històries quotidianes, trobem referències musicals directes de variada naturalesa, i un munt notable de materials susceptibles de poder ser entonats o declamats. No obstant això, són les cançons —en sentit estricte— i les referències musicals directes les que centren aquest treball. Tot i que es tracta d’un aspecte menor dins l’estudi de l’obra narrativa valoriana, l’aproximació a la presència musical dins les Rondalles valencianes aporta dades valuoses (i fins ara no massa ateses) que incideixen en aspectes i conclusions d’unes altres disciplines.
Dues rondalles també valencianes: «El soldat de la motxilla» i «El teuladí i el rabiblanc»
Authors: Vidal Lloret Vicent
Published: March 2016

Aquest article és el resultat de l’estudi que es féu a partir d’una arreplega de rondalles a la Vila Joiosa (Marina Baixa, País Valencià). Es tracta de la transcripció fonètica i del breu estudi fet a partir de dues rondalles que encara no havien estat documentades al territori valencià, però que ja havien aparegut en uns altres punts dels països de parla catalana. En concret, es tracta del tipus Aa-Th 330B («El soldat de la motxilla»), que amb el sistema ATU formarà part del tipus ATU 330, que sí que ha estat documentat al País Valencià; i del tipus ATU 245 («El teuladí i el rabiblanc»), ben semblant a l’ATU 112, dels quals encara no se’n tenia notícia en l’àmbit valencià. Aquest estudi, per tant, és una baula més que contribueix a reafirmar la pertinença del fons rondallístic oral valencià a un marc rondallístic culturalment pancatalà i, és clar, universal.
La influència dels tractats medicosexuals medievals en l’Espill de Jaume Roig
Authors: Nave i Fluxà Joan
Published: March 2016

A la fi de l’edat mitjana, el naixement de la burgesia provoca una revisió profunda en diversos àmbits. A grans trets, aquest nou col·lectiu reclama l’accés al saber, fins aleshores reservat a la noblesa. En particular, hi ha un interés especial pel saber mèdic, fet que provoca un canvi en la concepció i la difusió de la medicina. Es comencen a traduir a les llengües vernaculars les obres medicinals de tradició grecollatina, vehiculades fins aleshores en llatí, àrab o hebreu; i l’art de la medicina entra a partir d’aquests manuals a les universitats. Entre aquestes obres hi ha els manuals breus de medicina general, l’Isagoge de Joannici o els Aforismes d’Hipòcrates; i les grans obres enciclopèdiques, com ara el Canon medicinae d’Avicenna. Hi mereixen una menció especial dos tractats en català: el Tròtula de mestre Joan i l’anònim l’Speculum al foder. D’aquesta nova manera, més reglada, més organitzada, d’enfrontar-se al cos humà es podria despendre una concepció de l’ésser humà més acostada al nostre temps: una visió més objectiva. Aquest supòsit, però, no seria ajustat a les idees sobre el món arrelades a l’edat mitjana. Els referents culturals, socials i, sobretot, religiosos estaven amerats d’una ideologia patriarcal, andrògina, en què la dona era un mer apèndix de l’home; i aquesta visió del sexe femení afectava tots els camps de la vida i del saber: també, la medicina. Un bon exemple d’això mateix és l’obra Lilium medicinae, de Bernat de Gordó. D’aquestes fonts, combinació entre medicina i moralitat, beu, sens dubte, l’Espill de Jaume Roig. En aquest article analitzem, precisament, quina ha estat la influència dels tractats mèdics i morals en aquesta obra cabdal de la literatura catalana medieval.
Ressenya d’El parlar de la Marina de Vicent Beltran i Teresa Herrero (MACMA i IECMA, 2011, tres volums; 288, 256 i 160 pàgines)
Authors: Antolí Martínez Jordi M.
Published: March 2016

Ressenya d’El parlar de la Marina de Vicent Beltran i Teresa Herrero (MACMA i IECMA, 2011, tres volums; 288, 256 i 160 pàgines).
Ressenya d’Etnopoètica i territori: unitat i diversitat, de Dari Escandell i M. Jesús Francés (ed.) (Arxiu de tradicions de l’Alguer, Dolianova, 2011, 152 pàgines)
Authors: Melià Maimó Maria
Published: March 2016

Ressenya d’Etnopoètica i territori: unitat i diversitat, de Dari Escandell i M. Jesús Francés (ed.) (Arxiu de tradicions de l’Alguer, Dolianova, 2011, 152 pàgines).
The results of glaucoma drainage tube surgery in patients with diabetes
Authors: Bikbov Mukharram M. , Khusnitdinov Ilnur I.
Published: March 2016

Aim. To compare the effectiveness of "Glautex" drainage and the Ahmed valve for the treatment of secondary neovascular glaucoma in patients with diabetes.Material and methods. We observed 28 eyes with neovascular glaucoma in 28 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The mean age of patients was 56.61 ± 1.43 years (range: 40–65). There were 11 males and 17 females. Patients were divided into two groups based on the drainage device used. The first group included 13 patients (13 eyes) for whom "Glautex" drainage was used, while the second group included 15 patients for whom the Ahmed valve model FP7 (New World Medical Inc., USA) was used.Results. The absolute hypotensive effect [normalization of intraocular pressure (IOP) without the use of drugs] 1 year after surgery was 46.1% (6/13) in group I and 60% (9/15) in group II. The relative hypotensive effect (normalization of IOP during treatment with glaucoma drugs) 1 year after surgery was 53.8% (7/13) in group I and 80% (12/15) in group II. Hyphema in the early postoperative period was observed in 30.7% (4/13) and 26.6% (4/15) of patients in groups I and II, respectively. Hypotension with choroid detachment was observed in 23.1% (3/13) of group I patients and 13.3% (2/15) of group II patients. Migration of the tube to the scleral layers occurred after implantation of the Ahmed valve in 6.6% (1/15) of patients.Conclusion. Comparative analysis of the outcomes of surgical treatment of secondary neovascular glaucoma in patients with diabetes showed that the most effective method to lower IOP was implantation of an Ahmed valve. The valve preserved visual function during the 1-year follow-up period and resulted in failed outcomes in only 20% of patients. The hypotensive effect of sinus trabeculectomy was observed in 53.8% of patients with "Glautex" drainage. There was a progressive decrease in visual function and the need for reintervention in 46.1% of group 1 patients.
A review of insulin lispro for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shestakova Marina V. , Elizarova Svetlana V. , Jabbar Abdul
Published: March 2016

A critical aspect of the treatment of most patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the initiation (and subsequent intensification) of insulin therapy when lifestyle interventions and oral anti-hyperglycaemic drugs fail to maintain or improve glycaemic control. There are several insulin treatment options available, including basal insulin, basal-bolus insulin and premixed insulin. Each of these options has advantages and disadvantages. The insulin lispro premixed insulin analogues, mix 25 (25% insulin lisproand 75% insulin lispro protamine suspension) and mix 50 (50% insulin lispro and 50% insulin lispro protamine suspension), which include intermediate- and rapid-acting components, were recently added to Russia’s national drug reimbursement program, increasing the treatment options for patients with T2DM. The aim of this review is to provide Russian physicians with current information on the efficacy and safety of insulin lispro, with a focus on insulin lispro mixtures, for the treatment of T2DM.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the adult population of Russia (NATION study)
Authors: Dedov Ivan I. , Shestakova Marina V. , Galstyan Gagik R.
Published: March 2016

Aim. To estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Russian adults.Materials and methods. NATION was a national, epidemiological, observational, cross-sectional study. The sample of adults (20–79 years old) was stratified by age, sex, geographic region and settlement type to obtain a representative sample. Recruitment was performed in public areas with large number of people. T2DM was diagnosed by glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (diabetes: HbA1c≥6.5%; pre-diabetes: HbA1c≥5.7% to 6.5%). Socio-demographic and anthropometric data were collected.Results. Blood samples from 26,620 subjects were available. Overall, 5.4% were diagnosed with T2DM (2.5% were previously diagnosed and 2.9% were previously undiagnosed); 19.3% were pre-diabetic. T2DM prevalence increased with age (up to 70 years), and no significant difference was revealed between females and males (5.6% vs. 5.1%). The estimated prevalence of pre-diabetes and T2DM tended to increase with increasing BMI. T2DM prevalence varied by geographic region and was higher in rural areas than in urban areas (6.7% vs. 5.0%, p 0.001).Conclusion. Approximately one in five adult Russians had pre-diabetes, 5.4% had T2DM and about half of the diabetic subjects were previously undiagnosed. These results demonstrate the need for new programs in the Russian Federation to predict, prevent and manage T2DM.
Optimization of amino acid-stabilized erythropoietin parenteral formulation: In vitro and in vivo assessment
Authors: Fayed Bahgat E. , Tawfik Abdulkader F. , Yassin Alaa Eldeen B.
Published: March 2016

The aim of this study was to optimize the formulation of erythropoietin (EPO) using amino acids instead of human serum albumin (HSA) and to evaluate its in vivo stability in order to avoid the risk of viral contamination and antigenicity. Different EPO formulations were developed in such a way as to allow studying the effects of amino acids and surfactants on the EPO stability profile. The main techniques applied for EPO analysis were ELISA, Bradford method, and SDS gel electrophoresis. The in vivo stability was evaluated in a Balb-c mouse animal model. The results showed that the presence of surfactant was very useful in preventing the initial adsorption of EPO on the walls of vials and in minimizing protein aggregation. Amino acid combinations, glycine with glutamic acid, provided maximum stability. Formulation F4 (containing glycine, glutamic acid and Tween 20) showed minimum aggregation and degradation and in vivo activity equivalent to commercially available HSA-stabilized EPO (Eprex®).
Preliminary in vitro evaluation of the anti-proliferative activity of guanylhydrazone derivatives
Authors: França Paulo H. B. , Da Silva-Júnior Edeildo F. , Aquino Pedro G. V. , Santana Antônio E. G. , Ferro Jamylle N. S. , De Oliveira Barreto Emiliano , Do Ó Pessoa Cláudia , Meira Assuero Silva , De Aquino Thiago M. , Alexandre-Moreira Magna S. , Schmitt Martine , De Araújo-Júnior João X.
Published: March 2016

Guanylhydrazones have shown promising antitumor activity in preclinical tumor models in several studies. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the cytotoxic effect of a series of synthetic guanylhydrazones. Different human tumor cell lines, by including HCT-8 (colon carcinoma), MDA-MB-435 (melanoma) and SF-295 (glioblastoma) were continuous exposed to guanylhydrazone derivatives for 72 hours and growth inhibition of tumor cell lines and macrophages J774 was measured using tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay. Compounds 7, 11, 16 and 17 showed strong cytotoxic activity with IC
50 values lower than 10 μmol L−1 against four tumor cell lines. Among them, 7 was less toxic to non-tumor cells. Finally, obtained data suggest that guanylhydrazones may be regarded as potential lead compounds for the design of novel anticancer agents.
High performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of xipamide, triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide in bulk drug samples and dosage forms
Authors: Abd El-Hay Soad S. , Hashem Hisham , Gouda Ayman A.
Published: March 2016

A novel, simple and robust high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of xipamide (XIP), triamterene (TRI) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in their bulk powders and dosage forms. Chromatographic separation was carried out in less than two minutes. The separation was performed on a RP C-18 stationary phase with an isocratic elution system consisting of 0.03 mol L−1 orthophosphoric acid (pH 2.3) and acetonitrile (ACN) as the mobile phase in the ratio of 50:50, at 2.0 mL min−1 flow rate at room temperature. Detection was performed at 220 nm. Validation was performed concerning system suitability, limits of detection and quantitation, accuracy, precision, linearity and robustness. Calibration curves were rectilinear over the range of 0.195–100 μg mL−1 for all the drugs studied. Recovery values were 99.9, 99.6 and 99.0 % for XIP, TRI and HCT, respectively. The method was applied to simultaneous determination of the studied analytes in their pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Isometric Embeddings of Pro-Euclidean Spaces
Authors: Minemyer Barry
Published: March 2016

In [12] Petrunin proves that a compact metric space X admits an intrinsic isometry into En if and
only if X is a pro-Euclidean space of rank at most n, meaning that X can be written as a “nice” inverse limit
of polyhedra. He also shows that either case implies that X has covering dimension at most n. The purpose
of this paper is to extend these results to include both embeddings and spaces which are proper instead
of compact. The main result of this paper is that any pro-Euclidean space of rank at most n is proper and
admits an intrinsic isometric embedding into E2n+1. Since every n-dimensional Riemannian manifold is a
pro-Euclidean space of rank at most n, this result is a partial generalization of (the C0 version of) the famous
Nash isometric embedding theorem from [10].
Combinatorial Modulus on Boundary of
Right-Angled Hyperbolic Buildings
Authors: Clais Antoine
Published: March 2016

In this article, we discuss the quasiconformal structure of boundaries of right-angled hyperbolic
buildings using combinatorial tools. In particular, we exhibit some examples of buildings of dimension 3
and 4 whose boundaries satisfy the combinatorial Loewner property. This property is a weak version of the
Loewner property. This is motivated by the fact that the quasiconformal structure of the boundary led to many
results of rigidity in hyperbolic spaces since G.D.Mostow. In the case of buildings of dimension 2, many work
have been done by M. Bourdon and H. Pajot. In particular, the Loewner property on the boundary permitted
them to prove the quasi-isometry rigidity of right-angled Fuchsian buildings.
Deformation Properties of Tailor Welded Blank Made of Dual Phase Steels
Authors: Schrek Alexander , Švec Pavol , Gajdošová Veronika
Published: March 2016

The paper is dedicated to forming and properties of passenger car’s B-pillar reinforcement drawn from simple blank and alternatively tailor-welded blank (TWB). Drawn part is characterised by a place with a large strain, while forming process simulation did not confirm the creation of crack using the TWB consisting of dual phase HCT980X instead of previous HCT600 steel. It is because HCT980X steel has higher strength and lower ductile properties. The analysis of properties of drawn parts is focused on the simulated crash test in Dynaform software. Obtained sizes of drawn forces in simulated frame of the drawn parts and their comparison proved the possibility of the replacement the 1.2 mm thick simple blank from HCT600 steel with the 1 mm thick TWB consisting of HCT600 and HCT980X steel. The changed thickness of the simple blank caused 20% weight saving while containing the same properties of the drawn part.
Maritime Safety in Terms of the Availability for the AIS class B Binary Data Transmission, Based on Static Measurements, Performed on the VTS Zatoka Gdańska
Authors: Jaskólski Krzysztof
Published: March 2016

The problem of the safety navigation considered only in terms of position error measurement, seems to be solved on a global scale. Thus, the operational characteristics of radio navigation systems such as availability are equally important. The integrated navigation system operate in a multi-sensor environment and it is important to determinate a temporal validity of data to make it usable in data fusion process. In the age of digital data processing, the requirements for continuity, availability, reliability and integrity information are already grown. This article analyses the problem of time stamp discrepancies of dynamic AIS class B position reports. For this purpose, the statistical summary of Latency Position Reports, derived from class B units has been presented. The navigation data recordings were conducted during 82 days of August, September and November 2014 from 20 vessels located in area of VTS ‘Zatoka Gdańska’. On the base of Latency Position Reports class B it is possible to designate the availability of AIS information system. For this purpose, the model of availability of AIS binary data transmission and research outcomes have been presented.
Specifičnosti e – Uprave: Ekonomsko - Finansijske Konsekvence / Specifics E – Governance: Economic - Financial Consequences
Authors: Spasojević Nenad
Published: March 2016

Rezime

E - uprava je potpuno obavljanje poslova uprave elektronskim putem bez upotrebe papira, ali ne samo to već i više od proste informatizacije rutinskih poslova uprave. E - uprava je način na koji vlade koriste tehnologije da bi građanima obezbedile jednostavniji i brži pristup informacijama i uslugama. Pomoću E - uprave postiže se kvalitet usluga koje obavlja javna uprava i omogućava se građanima da lakše uzmu učešće u radu demokratskih institucija. Korištenjem ovih tehnologija u svom radu uprava postaje efikasnija, pouzdanija i jeftinija.

Sve razvijene zemlje odlučuju se za uvođenje e - uprave koja se nameće kao preduslov za brz napredak i razvoj u XXI veku.