bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realisierte Tropen in Wolframs ›Parzival‹
Authors: Huber Tim
Published: May 2021

This article negotiates the immense poetical potential inherent in the rhetorical operation of the ›epische Realisierung‹ of tropes, which is paradigmatically used by Wolfram von Eschenbach in his ›Parzival‹. This technique not only presents prevalent literary topoi of courtly culture in an innovative way, but also provides the possibility to unfold the text’s metaphors, which are habitually restricted to a specific moment, within the entire narrative framework. Furthermore, Wolfram applies this technique, arguably, to connect text passages, which otherwise diverge widely from the linear of the narrative, by the virtue of their corresponding metaphorical or visual logic. Through these established ana- and cataphoric intratextual references, even distant episodes are brought into a dialogue that discloses both analogies and differences as well as new levels of meaning.
Die Wittenbergisch Nachtigall gegen den Löwen in Rom
Authors: Prautzsch Felix
Published: May 2021

The Protestant polemic of the 16th century against the Roman Church and especially the papacy is generally considered more as an aspect of theological affront than as a fundamental communicative mode of the Reformation movement. Using the example of Hans Sachs’s poem ›The Wittenberg Nightingale‹ of 1523, which has contributed significantly to the literarization and popularization of the figure of the reformer and his teachings, the present article discusses the connection between Protestant Luther stylization, anti-Roman invectives and the formation of the Reformation movement. Their key messages, in their confrontational exclusiveness to the alleged falsification of the Christian doctrine by the papacy, turn out to be central elements of a fundamentally invective communication that establishes the new, Protestant doctrine.
GIS and geographical analysis of the main harbors in the world
Authors: Valjarević Aleksandar , Radovanović Dragan , Šoškić Svetislav , Bačević Nikola , Milentijević Nikola , Golijanin Jelena , Ivanović Marko
Published: May 2021

This paper points out the possibilities of better exploitation of marine traffic as well as its connection with other kinds of traffic. Special attention is given to the analysis of 1,081 harbors about their availability during the year. The methods and algorithms used in GIS are buffers, cluster, method of interpolations, and network analysis. The methods used for the purpose of conducting numerical analyses are algorithms that served for the analysis of the network, its transport features, and the connectivity with harbors in terms of geospace. The main results found in this research showed that harbors have good connectivity in the first place with road traffic and after that with air and railroad traffic. According to data from 2019, all traffic lines cover 4.1 × 1015 km, and the road traffic has the most significant potential in connection with the harbors. The most connected harbors and airports are in the east coast of North America, west coast, north Europe, southern Europe, south-east Australia, a central part of Oceania, and south-east Africa. The results in the modified Likert scale between airports and harbors showed medium results. The densest road network is located in the eastern part of USA, western and central part of Europe, and east coast of China. The number of possible connected lines between main road nodes and harbors is 0.8 × 109. This type of traffic showed excellent results and connection with harbors. The number of possible connected lines per month between railroads and harbors is 1.3 × 103. This type of traffic showed low connectivity with the harbors. In the end comparison of harbors with air, road and railroad networks were established. The geographical position of harbors was analyzed, and better understanding was performed on a global scale.
The Question of the Applicable Law in Cross-Border Claims on Product Liability: Reflections from India
Authors: Khanderia Saloni
Published: May 2021

The blurring of international barriers has impacted the nature and complexity of tortious claims and, in particular, those concerning product liability. Products manufactured in one country are often sold or used in another State – and there is often a separation in time and space between the occurrence of the harmful behaviour the resultant injury. For this reason, countries across the globe have increasingly considered it inappropriate to subject such claims to the same mechanism to identify the governing law that applies to other tortious claims of different nature such as negligence, nuisance or defamation. The EU, the UK, Australia, Canada, and India’s BRICS partners – Russia and China – are examples of legal systems that have developed a special conflict of law rules on the applicable law in product liability claims. In contrast, the principles of Indian private international law do not contain any special rule. The applicable law is determined on the basis of a uniform principle that extends to all cross-border disputes on tort. The paper provides a critical evaluation of the mechanism to identify the applicable law in international disputes on product liability. It highlights the predicaments in extending the uniform rule to product liability claims and demonstrates how it debilitates access to justice and is not suitable for disputes that arise from accidents caused by products such as autonomous vehicles, which incorporate new technology. Consequently, the paper suggests workable solutions to develop the Indian conflict-of-law rules on the subject.
An estimative (warning) model for recognition of pandemic nature of virus infections
Authors: Kudryashov Nikolay A. , Chmykhov Mikhail , Vigdorowitsch Michael
Published: May 2021

A simple SIS-type mathematical model of infection expansion is presented and analysed with focus on the case SARS-Cov-2. It takes into account two processes, namely, infection and recovery/decease characterised by two parameters in total: contact rate and recovery/decease rate. Its solution has a form of a quasi-logistic function for which we have introduced an infection index that, should it become negative, can also be considered as a recovery/decease index with decrease of infected down to zero. Based on the data from open sources for the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, seasonal influenza epidemics and a pandemic in the fauna world, a threshold value of the infection index has been shown to exist above which an infection expansion pretends to be considered as pandemic. Lean (two-parameter) SIR models affined with the warning SIS model have been built. Their general solutions have been obtained, analysed and shown to be a priori structurally adjusted to the infectives’ peak in epidemiological data.
Is there a bilingual advantage? the effects of non-English language skills on occupational attainment among immigrants and natives
Authors: Ubalde Josep , Heyman Josiah
Published: May 2021

There is a considerable number of studies that analyze the benefits of language(s) in the labor market. It is a sensitive topic because of its relevance for language maintenance, and therefore, for the selective acculturation of immigrants in host societies. In this paper, the effect of non-English language fluency on the occupational attainment of immigrants and natives is analyzed, both in terms of occupational wages and socio-economic status. Results indicate that there is no advantage associated with non-English language fluency, either for natives or immigrants. Rather, a penalty for the specific case of Spanish fluency among immigrants was found. Three explanations from previous literature regarding the benefits of bilingualism in the labor market – human capital, devaluation and discrimination— are discussed in relation to the obtained results. The paper concludes with some recommendations about the recognition of language diversity in the labor market and policies aimed at the integrative acculturation of immigrants.
A Critique and Discussion of the View That Shi Miyuan Proposed the Five-Mountain, Ten-Monastery System
Authors: Jih-chang Lan
Published: May 2021

When Japan, during the Kamakura (1180-1333) and Muromachi (1336-1573) periods, imported Zen 禪 Buddhism from Song (960-1279) and Yuan (1279- 1368) China, it not only continually dispatched Zen monks on pilgrimages to China to seek materials for transmitting sectarian doctrine, but also introduced Zen temple architecture and monastic discipline to Japan, established the Five Mountain, Ten Monastery 五山十剎 system of government temples, and developed Five Mountain 五山 literature. This system of government temples is believed to have imitated the Song system of government temples of the same name. Moreover, it is the best example of Sino-Japanese cultural interaction in the field of Buddhism. In contrast with the ample materials we have on the operation of the Japanese system of the Five Mountain, Ten Monastery government temples, we lack sufficient materials to determine the time and impetus of the Song system of Five Mountain, Ten Monastery government temples and are at a loss to give a detailed accurate account of the Song system. Among the many views in circulation, the view most accepted by modern scholars is that Shi Miyuan 史彌遠 proposed to the court to establish this system of government temples during the reign of Emperor Ningzong (r. 1194-1224) of the Southern Song dynasty. But this theory comes down to us from Song Lian 宋濂 (1310-1381) of the early Ming dynasty, and no Song or Yuan sources mention this matter. Moreover, no Japanese Five Mountain Zen monks touch on this matter in any of their writings. Hence, whether Shi Miyuan actually proposed this system of government temples is a topic worth revisiting. This paper discusses whether Shi Miyuan proposed the Five Mountain, Ten Monastery system from the vantage point of materials related to Shi Miyuan and observations of Japanese Zen monks, and it reaches the conclusion that it is not credible that Shi Miyuan proposed the system to the court.
Effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields on flora and fauna, part 1. Rising ambient EMF levels in the environment
Authors: Levitt B. Blake , Lai Henry C. , Manville Albert M.
Published: May 2021

Ambient levels of electromagnetic fields (EMF) have risen sharply in the last 80 years, creating a novel energetic exposure that previously did not exist. Most recent decades have seen exponential increases in nearly all environments, including rural/remote areas and lower atmospheric regions. Because of unique physiologies, some species of flora and fauna are sensitive to exogenous EMF in ways that may surpass human reactivity. There is limited, but comprehensive, baseline data in the U.S. from the 1980s against which to compare significant new surveys from different countries. This now provides broader and more precise data on potential transient and chronic exposures to wildlife and habitats. Biological effects have been seen broadly across all taxa and frequencies at vanishingly low intensities comparable to today’s ambient exposures. Broad wildlife effects have been seen on orientation and migration, food finding, reproduction, mating, nest and den building, territorial maintenance and defense, and longevity and survivorship. Cyto- and geno-toxic effects have been observed. The above issues are explored in three consecutive parts: Part 1 questions today’s ambient EMF capabilities to adversely affect wildlife, with more urgency regarding 5G technologies. Part 2 explores natural and man-made fields, animal magnetoreception mechanisms, and pertinent studies to all wildlife kingdoms. Part 3 examines current exposure standards, applicable laws, and future directions. It is time to recognize ambient EMF as a novel form of pollution and develop rules at regulatory agencies that designate air as ‘habitat’ so EMF can be regulated like other pollutants. Wildlife loss is often unseen and undocumented until tipping points are reached. Long-term chronic low-level EMF exposure standards, which do not now exist, should be set accordingly for wildlife, and environmental laws should be strictly enforced.
Notes on the Orthography of the Shapira Manuscripts: The Forger’s Marks
Authors: Hendel Ronald
Published: May 2021

The Shapira manuscripts, putatively precursors of Deuteronomy, have many indications of forgery, particularly in the orthography, which mixes the writing conventions of the Mesha stele and the Hebrew Bible. Notably, the consistent use of waw, instead of he, to mark final ō is an anachronism. These problems were not perceivable by the text’s nineteenth century critics (or its forgers), but in hindsight are clear marks of the forger’s art.
Structural, electric and dielectric properties of perovskite based nanoparticles for energy applications
Authors: Nazir Arif , Khalid Fraz , Rehman Shafiq ur , Sarwar Masood , Iqbal Munawar , Yaseen Muhammad , Iftikhar Khan Muhammad , Abbas Mazhar
Published: May 2021

A nanocomposite electrode, obtained by combining two high performance perovskite materials, such as lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite, La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) and gadolinium doped ceria, Ce0.85Gd0.15O1.5 (GDC), were investigated as a promising cathode for moderate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The synthesized material has good conductivity and catalytic performance. The purpose of this synthesis was to prepare a stable and highly performing nanocomposite cathode material. In this research work, LSCF and GDC were separately synthesized by co-precipitation and solid-state reaction method to gain a homogeneous perovskite phase. Varying concentrations of LSCF–GDC composite with GDC (10 wt.%, 20 wt.% and 30 wt.%) were synthesized followed by calcination at 600 °C to remove water content and to achieve an adequate porous structure for oxygen absorption and desorption. These fabricated LSCF, GDC, and the nanocomposite specimens were characterized for microstructure, particle size etc. via. X-ray diffraction method (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the laser particle size analyzer. This procedural approach helps to expand new methods for generating bi-functional duel nano-sized perovskites with great performance and stability which can be utilized for advancement of renewable energy sectors especially for rechargeable fuel batteries.
Fabrication and characterization of Fe2O3, Bi2O3 and BiFeO3 and evaluation of their photo catalytic performances on degradation of methylene blue dye
Authors: Akram Fiza , Saeed Muhammad , Akhtar Javaid , Raza Naqvi Syed Ali , Haq Atta ul
Published: May 2021

This study reports the fabrication of Fe2O3, Bi2O3, and BiFeO3, characterization and evaluation of the photocatalytic performances for methylene blue dye degradation. The materials were synthesized by precipitation method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-rays analyses, and Fourier transform infrared analyses. The photocatalytic activities of Fe2O3, Bi2O3, and BiFeO3 were compared by performing degradation experiments with 50 mL of 100 mg/L methylene blue solution. The as-prepared BiFeO3 was found as 2.4 times and 1.7 times more effective than Fe2O3 and Bi2O3, with a 79, 47, and 57% catalytic activity, respectively. The degradation of methylene blue over the BiFeO3 catalyst was optimized in terms of pH, catalyst dosage, temperature, and methylene blue concentration. The Eley–Rideal mechanism was proposed to describe the reaction kinetics in terms of the first order and second order kinetics model. Activation energy E (kJ/mol), enthalpy ΔH (kJ/mol), entropy ΔS (J/mol) and free energy ΔG (kJ/mol) were calculated as 20.8, 18.2, 197.5 and −45.3 respectively. The negative value of free energy shows that photodegradation is favored in present conditions.
When Abstract Concepts Rely on Multiple Metaphors: Metaphor Selection in the Case of Power
Authors: Deng Mianlin , Guinote Ana , Li Lin , Cui Lijuan , Shi Wendian
Published: May 2021

The study examines metaphor selection for the same abstract concept when multiple concrete dimensions are available for use. Drawing on the power concept, four studies investigated the roles of attention and visual features of concrete dimensions in metaphoric mapping. In Studies 1 and 2, two concrete dimensions (vertical space and size) were visually connected to power-related target words simultaneously, and one was salient. Attention driven by stimulus saliency allowed the attended concrete dimension to have a higher activation level and to be used. In Studies 3 and 4, the attended and the non-attended concrete dimensions were presented separately, and the latter was visually associated with power-related target words. This time, the attended dimension did not have an activation advantage, allowing the non-attended dimension to be used for metaphoric mapping simultaneously. The findings suggest that attention is important, but not necessary, and that features of concrete dimensions can guide metaphor use.
MEMÓRIAS DE BUDAPESTE:COMO A ARQUITETURA ICÔNICA PODE COLABORAR POSTIVAMENTE COM A VIVÊNCIA DOS IDOSOS NA CAPITAL HÚNGARA
Authors: Gonçalves Duarte Lauren Nicole
Published: May 2021

O seguinte texto trata do processo de adaptação da cidade de Budapeste e de seus moradores diante de tamanhas memórias negativas de seu passado. Desse modo, como estudo de caso, a autora toma a capital da Hungria, para uma reflexão acerca da Arquitetura de Simbolismo, a qual é apresentada, no decorrer da leitura, como uma forma de expressão dos traumas sofridos pela população local, que teve que aprender a conviver com as lembranças do seu passado marcado por muitas perdas. Por conseguinte, tal tipo de arquitetura pode ser lida como um instrumento que auxilia a população mais idosa a se conectar com suas memórias, de modo palpável e material, na sua vida atual cotidiana, visto que a arquitetura e o urbanismo da cidade conseguem expor sua história e seu ‘legado’. Assim, é mostrado como a Arquitetura Simbólica colabora, de certo modo, com o envelhecimento na cidade.Palavras-chave: Budapeste, arquitetura icônica, envelhecimento, guerra, pertencimento.
PARAMETRIA E O DESEJO DE UMA COMPUTAÇÃO INTEGRADA EM PROJETO
Authors: Procópio André , Pratschke Anja , De Oliveira Ghendov Camila , Medeiros Alves Gilfranco , Castro Henriques Gonçalo , Andrade De Martino Jarryer , Tramontano Marcelo , Caffarena Celani Maria Gabriela , De Sousa Van Stralen Mateus , Forneck Vanessa , Silva Rodrigues Bruna , Noremberg Pinto Gabriela , Rodrigues da Cunha Letícia , Beltrame dos Santos Taís , Rocha Eduardo
Published: May 2021

A Revista PIXO tem o prazer de abrir sua 17ª edição com uma série de entrevistas com profissionais da área de Projeto, Parametria e Tecologia do Brasil. Os entrevistados atuam em diferentes regiões do país: São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso do Sul e Rio de Janeiro e são reconhecidos pela proximidade e relevância de suas pesquisas e práticas sobre o tema. O objetivo das entrevistas foi suscitar e reunir conceituações, reflexões e exemplificações sobre o desenho paramétrico e sua utilização no Brasil. O material aqui apresentado foi provocado por quatro perguntas feitas a todos os entrevistados: 1-Como você definiria desenho paramétrico? Como percebeu a introdução do no Brasil? 2- Como conheceu o desenho paramétrico e como o utiliza atualmente? 3-Você poderia nos contar sobre um projeto destaque que usa processos paramétricos? 4- É possível parametrizar os desejos? Entende-se que diversificar e pluralizar as respostas sobre a temática, contribua para a construção do conhecimento e amplie as discussões sobre as formas de projetar em arquitetura e urbanismo. Desejamos uma boa Leitura!
Cidadania global em aulas de português como língua adicional
Authors: Viana da Silva Eduardo , Da Silva Kleber Aparecido
Published: May 2021

Apresentação do dossiê temático "Cidadania global em aulas de português como língua adicional"
From Constitutional Identity to the Identity of the Constitution
Authors: Zotééva Anna , Kragh Martin
Published: May 2021

In recent years, leading members of Russia’s Constitutional Court have adapted the concept of constitutional identity to the Russian legal context, to explain and legitimize the country’s authoritarian turn under President Vladimir Putin. This development reflects a broader trend in international politics, where populist and anti-democratic leaders seek to identify “national characteristics” that can be translated into law and legal practices on the domestic as well as international level, in order to deny or restrict certain basic principles such as the rule of law and/or human rights. In Russia, several officials and policy makers, among them Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court Valery Zorkin (2018), have contributed to this discussion. We argue that a constitutional identity discourse has been used by Russian courts to explain the specific relationship between the Russian state and international law on the one hand, and on the other the relationship between the Russian state and its subjects. We place this debate in its wider legal and political context and highlight how it conforms with the amendments to the Russian constitution introduced in spring 2020.
The Modern Regency
Authors: Zhu Jiangnan , Mukhin Nikolai
Published: May 2021

Extant literature has shown the importance of routinized leadership succession for authoritarian resilience. However, the factors leading to orderly power transitions in autocracies are unclear. This article argues that an orderly succession requires relatively peaceful exit of the incumbent. Through a comparison of the power transition trajectories of the post-Stalin USSR and China in the Age of Deng Xiaoping, this article proposes three conditions that facilitate the voluntary retirement of dictators, including their strong political will to institutionalize successions, adequate capacity to initiate the plan, and reliable retirement packages. Meeting all three conditions, leadership succession in China has resulted in the emergence of the “modern regency” in which the elder leaders can retire relatively voluntarily and continuously influence the politics of a regime after their retirement, especially by proactively supervising future leadership successions. In contrast, without meeting the initial requirements for a dictator’s exit, the case of leadership succession in the USSR is characterized as parallel succession, which includes neither a credible plan on routinization of elite politics nor simultaneous coexistence of the elder leaders and the younger cohort as in the case of China. Moreover, during similar regime crises in the late 1980s, the arrangement of the modern regency helped prolong the authoritarian regime in China, while the USSR collapsed without this safeguard.
The diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology for thyroid nodules is not affected by coexistent chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: results from a cyto-histological series of patients with indeterminate cytology
Authors: Rotondi Mario , Molteni Martina , Cappelli Carlo , Croce Laura , Caputo Alessandro , Groppelli Gloria , Liboà Federico , Guazzoni Valeria , Villani Laura , Zeppa Pio , Chiovato Luca
Published: May 2021

Objective

Indeterminate cytological result at fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) remains a clinical challenge for endocrinologists. Aim of the present study was to evaluate whether a coexistent chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT) might affect the diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology for thyroid nodules.

Design and methods

A retrospective cohort study was designed including all nodules receiving an indeterminate cytology result (TIR3A or TIR3B) undergoing thyroid surgery and subsequent histological confirmation. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the presence or absence of CAT. The hypothesis to be tested was whether follicular cell alterations induced by CAT might increase the rate of indeterminate cytological results in histologically benign thyroid nodules. Additional control groups were represented by nodules with determinate cytology, either benign (TIR 2) or malignant (TIR5).

Results

One hundred and eighty-nine indeterminate thyroid nodules were included (67 TIR3A and 122 TIR3B). At post-surgical histology, 46 nodules (24.3%) were malignant. No significant differences were observed in the rate of histologically proven malignancy between patients without CAT and patients with CAT in the TIR3B (29.4% vs 32.4%; P = 0.843) nor TIR3A (13.0% vs 11.4%; P = 1.000) nodules. The rate of coexistent CAT was similar between TIR3B and TIR5 nodules harboring PTC at histology (30.4% vs 39.4%, P = 0.491) and between indeterminate nodules and a control group of TIR2 nodules (39.2% vs 37.0%; P = 0.720).

Conclusions

The similar rates of histologically proven malignancy found in cytologically indeterminate nodules in the presence or absence of concomitant CAT would not support that CAT itself affects the diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology.
Modelos de autoridad y nuevas formas de representación en la literatura centroamericana
Authors: Chacón Gutiérrez Albino
Published: May 2021

A partir de un variado corpus de narrativa contemporánea centroamericana, se describen y analizan procesos de transformación de la idea y ejercicio de lo literario. Se dedica atención a sucesivas modalidades como el testimonio, la literatura de posguerra, la novela neohistórica y la literatura gay/lésbica, como alternativa escriturales. A lo largo de un periodo de más de tres decenios —desde 1976 hasta la actualidad— se pone en entredicho tanto el canon literario tradicional como la autoridad que han ejercido los proyectos políticos hasta hace poco todavía vigentes. Based on a varied corpus of contemporary Central American narrative, a discussion is presented here of how the concept and practice of literary expression is transformed. Attention is given to the successive alternatives of testimonial literature, postwar writing, the historical novel and gay/lesbian literature. For three decades—from 1976 to present—the validity of the traditional literary canon and authority prevalent until very recently has been questioned.
Ritmos de resistencia en la ficción de Anacristina Rossi
Authors: Craft Linda J.
Published: May 2021

Se analizan las relaciones de sentido, incluidos los componentes simbólicos, entre algunas de las manifestaciones de la música afroamericana y afrocaribeñas (el blues y el reggae) y dos novelas de la escritora costarricense Anacristina Rossi. Se describe el papel que desde el punto de vista espiritual y psicológico desempeña en las protagonistas de ambas novelas. La integración de la música es parte de la configuración del discurso narrativo, y un modo de representar la búsqueda de la identidad, las interrogantes políticas y la comprensión de una existencia, al mismo tiempo esperanzada y amenazada por las circunstancias históricas y sociopolíticas. An analysis is provided of semantic relations, including symbolic elements, between certain forms of Afro-American music and Afro-Caribbean music (blues and reggae) and two novels by the Costa Rican author Anacristina Rossi. The role music plays in the main characters of both novels is discussed from spiritual and psychological perspectives. The integration of music is part of the formation of the narrative discourse and it is a way of representing the search for identity, political questions and the comprehension of an existence which is both fostered and threatened by historical and sociopolitical circumstances.
Rotaciones y traslaciones en la narrativa de Enrique Jaramillo Levi
Authors: Burgos Fernando
Published: May 2021

Este ensayo examina el concepto de metaficción en los cuentos de Enrique Jaramillo Levi. Se comienza por una explicación de los orígenes de la metaficción en la literatura universal así como de su establecimiento más sólido en el contexto de la narrativa moderna de la literatura escrita en lengua española. Se desarrolla luego la aplicación particular de lo metaficticio en la obra cuentística de Jaramillo Levi dejando claramente establecido que en su caso se trata de un estilo posmoderno cuya plasmación difiere del uso encontrado en la modernidad artística hispana. Finalmente en el análisis de un conjunto específico de cuentos del autor panameño se discute la manera como esas particulares técnicas posmodernas demuestran la función plural de lo metaficcional, contribuyendo así a la riqueza estética de la narrativa de Jaramillo Levi y, por ende, de la centroamericana. This essay scrutinizes the concept of metafiction in Enrique Jaramillo Levi’s short stories. The article starts with an explanation regarding the genesis of metafiction in world literature as well as its more solid establishment in the context of modern literature written in Spanish. It continues with the particular uses of metafictional discourse in Jaramillo Levi’s short stories by asserting that in his work there is a clear postmodern use whose literary rendition diverges from the one depicted by the works produced during Spanish artistic modernity. Finally, there is a discussion of specific short stories written by Jaramillo Levi, intended to show how those particular postmodern techniques point to the plural functionality of the metafictional mode, thus contributing to the aesthetic qualities of Jaramillo Levi’s narrative as well as to those of Central American fiction.
Review of Technologies for Controlling the Modes of Operation of 6 ... 20 kV Electrical Networks with Distributed Energy Sources
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zharkin A.F. , Novskiy V.O. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Popov V.A. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic, Yarmoliuk O.S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic, Hawkar Ahmed Noory  ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic
Published: May 2021

Відображено еволюцію розвитку постановок і методів реалізації задачі вибору опти­мальних місць розімкнення розподільних мереж. Показано, що у сучасних системах електропостачання в умовах широкого впровадження розосереджених джерел генерації й акумулювання енергії, масового застосування електромобілів дана задача, яка вирі­шується у рамках традиційного підходу, втрачає ефективність. Альтернативою може бути застосування дистанційно керованих комутаційних апаратів, що є обґрунтованим у випадку циклічних і досить тривалих змін навантаження, вихідної потужності розосе­реджених джерел енергії, при увімкнені (вимкнені) пристроїв акумулювання енергії. Показано, що наразі універсальним рішенням є використання засобів силової електро­ніки. Це дає змогу формувати, так звані, м'які точки розімкнення контурів розподільної мережі при керуванні потоками активної та реактивної потужності для забезпечення мінімуму втрат електричної енергії.
The Constitutionality of State Authority Over Water Resources Management Based on Human Rights Principles
Authors: Extrada Ricko Anas , Kamarusdiana Kamarusdiana
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze the dichotomy of the implementation of privatization of water resources by the private sector that occurs in Indonesia and the responsibility for managing water resources by the state in terms of human rights principles. In accordance with the mandate of the constitution which is affirmed in Article 33 paragraph (3) that "Earth and water and natural resources contained therein are controlled by the state and used for the greatest prosperity of the people." This research uses normative legal research methods, while the approach used in this study is a statutory approach and library research methods as well as a conceptual approach that will be harmonized with statutory provisions. The results of this study indicate that the state has the responsibility in managing water resources in accordance with the mandate of the constitution to guarantee, protect and fulfill human rights to water. Water management by the private sector (water privatization) which is monopolistic, exclusive and materialistic is not in accordance with the spirit of the constitution and the basis of the Indonesian state. Moreover, based on the decision of the Constitutional Court which annulled the Water Resources Law, it obliges that the management of water resources be carried out by the state in order to realize social welfare.
Koronavírus és oktatáspolitika
Authors: Nahalka István
Published: May 2021

Összefoglaló. A COVID–19-járvány számos nehezen megoldható feladatot
jelentett a magyar oktatásirányítás számára is. Ma még nem áll rendelkezésre
kellő mennyiségű konkrét ismeret annak eldöntésére, hogy a szigorúbb
intézkedések jelentősen hozzájárulnak-e a járvány hatásainak enyhítéséhez. Az
oktatás folyamatossága biztosításának legfontosabb feltétele, hogy az oktatási
rendszerben domináns szerepet játsszon a korszerű pedagógiai kultúra.
Magyarországon ez a feltétel nem áll rendelkezésre, ennek okait az
oktatáspolitikában kell keresni. Az esélyegyenlőtlenségek növekedése az egész
világon jelentős volt, így hazánkban is. Az iskolabezárások a hátrányos helyzetű
tanulók esetében okoztak jelentősebb tanulási elmaradásokat. Az
oktatáspolitikának és az oktatásirányításnak nem volt válasza erre a súlyos
problémára.

Summary. In the course of COVID-19 epidemic the Hungarian
educational government also had numerous challenges. Today we have not enough
concrete knowledge to say that hard measures are conductive to mitigate the
effects of the epidemic or not. The most important condition of the continuation
of education is the dominant role of the modern pedagogical culture in the
educational system. In Hungary this condition is not ready. The causes of this
situation we have to seek in the educational policy. The rising of inequality of
opportunity was appreciable on the whole World, in our country too. The closures
of schools caused more significant lagging in learning processes and outcomes in
the case of handicapped students. Educational policy and administration had no
any answer to this serious problem.
A koronavírus-válság hatása a felsőoktatásra
Authors: Hrubos Ildikó
Published: May 2021

Összefoglaló. A tanulmány azokat a fontosabb kutatási eredményeket
foglalja össze, amelyek a koronajárvány kezdeti szakaszában születtek, és
nyilván jórészt mozaikszerű empirikus vizsgálódásokon alapulnak. A fő hangsúlya
azonban a várható következményekre kerül. Vajon mennyiben, milyen mértékben és
formákban szükséges és kívánatos a rendkívüli állapot körülményei között
bevezetett tanulási és tanítási formák fenntartása, azok továbbfejlesztése és a
jövőbeni gyakorlatba való – hosszabb távban gondolkodó – beépítése. Ez a
kutatási megközelítés kapcsolódik az utóbbi években kiemelten kezelt témához, a
tanulás és tanítás korszerűsítésének kérdéséhez, de túl is mutat azon. Ismét
élesen merül fel a felsőoktatás (és főleg az egyetem) létének kérdése európai és
globális színtéren egyaránt.

Summary. The study summarizes significant research results that were
born in the initial phase of the coronavirus and are clearly based mostly on
mosaic-type empirical surveys. However, they mainly emphasize the expected
consequences. In what ways, to what extent and in what forms is it necessary and
favourable to maintain the education methods introduced under the state of
emergency conditions, and to further develop them – considering the long term –
for integration into future practices. This research approach is connected to
the subject that has been highlighted in recent years, the matter of modernizing
learning and teaching, but points even beyond that. The question of the
existence of higher education (and mostly universities) in the European and
global arena sharply rises again.
Szülői segítségnyújtás a jelenléti és távolléti oktatás idején
Authors: Engler Ágnes , Markos Valéria , Dusa Ágnes Réka
Published: May 2021

Összefoglaló. Tanulmányunk fókuszában a koronavírus során bevezetett
járványügyi intézkedések gyermekeket érintő kérdései állnak, a járványnak a
családok időgazdálkodásra való hatása és az otthoni tanulás, digitális átállás
nehézségei. Kutatásunkban egy telefonos kérdőíves lekérdezésen (CATI) alapuló
adatbázist használunk, melyet a járvány első hulláma idején készítettek, 2020
áprilisában a Kopp Mária Intézet megbízásából (N = 1000).
Vizsgáljuk, hogy mi befolyásolja az otthoni tanulást akkor, ha a szülőknek
esetleg a tananyag elsajátításában is segítséget kell nyújtaniuk. Eredményeink
szerint a családok többségének lehetősége és szándéka volt a közös tanulásra,
ennek mértékére és mikéntjére nem a megszokott társadalmi háttérváltozók mentén
találtunk különbségeket, hanem a családi kapcsolatok és az otthoni munkavégzés
kapcsán.

Summary. The focus of our study is on the issues of epidemiological
measures introduced during the coronavirus that affect children, the impact of
the pandemic on time management of families and the difficulties of home
learning and digital transition. In our research, we use a database based on a
telephone questionnaire (CATI), which was created during the first wave of the
pandemic, in April 2020 on behalf of the Mária Kopp Institute
(N = 1000). We examine what influences home learning when
parents may need to help with curriculum acquisition. According to our results,
the majority of families had the opportunity and intention to learn together,
and we did not find differences in the extent and manner of this along the usual
social background variables, but in relation to family relationships and working
from home.
Alsó tagozatosok kortárskapcsolatai az offline és online térben+
Authors: Károlyi Borbála , Fehérvári Anikó
Published: May 2021

Összefoglaló. Az okoseszközök, az internet használata egyre
fiatalabb életkorban jelenik meg a gyermekek körében. Az online környezet
sajátosságairól, a szocializációra, valamint más tényezőkre gyakorolt negatív
hatásairól már számos kutatás számolt be, azonban a tanulók
kortárskapcsolatainak alakulásáról eddig kevés elemzés született. E pilotkutatás
felhívja a figyelmet az offline-online jelenlét, valamint a kortárskapcsolatok
összefüggéseire, az azzal járó lehetséges veszélyekre, melyek most különös
jelentőséggel bírnak, hiszen a digitális oktatás bevezetése óta még több
gyermeket érint az online jelenlét.

Summary. Nowadays, smart devices and the internet among children
appear at younger ages than they did a few years ago. The particularities of the
online environment, the social, and other negative effects are the topics of
several studies, but very few focused on these effects on students’
relationships. Our pilot-research highlights the connections between offline and
online relationships and the potential dangers caused by the online presence of
children at a young age, which is even relevant since the beginning of the
digital online education caused by the pandemic when even more primary-school
children joined the online platforms.
Obiekt kultury trypolskiej z etapu CII na stanowisku Liuczyn-Zawidow 3 (Wyżyna Wołyńska, Ukraina)
Authors:   Instytut Archeologii UR, Polska, Verteletskyi Dmytro
Published: May 2021

The article introduces new data on rescue research conducted in the Volhynian Upland. The partially destroyed feature of Trypillia culture was accidentally discovered in April 2020. It was decided to explore immediately the feature, as it was threatened with complete destruction. During the surveys materials that have mixed features and are characteristic of several local groups (Brynzeny-Żwanets, Horiv-Nowomalin, Trojaniw) ware recorded in the object as well as outisde of it. However, the predominant attributes affiliate to the Trojaniw group (type Kostianec-Kurgany). Among the materials there were traces of the Funnel Beaker culture (FBK) and Baden culture. Furthermore, a fragment of bone was recorded at the bottom of the object, which was sold by radiocarbon analysis in the Poznan laboratory (4585 + -35 BP).
Transcription expression of gene encoding cathelicidin  CATHL4 in Vietnam indigenous yellow cattle
Authors: Tuoi Do Thi , Anh Tran Thi Thuy , Lan Pham Doan , Van Nguyen Thi Hoang
Published: May 2021

Cathelicidins, a family of host-defence peptides, are present in a diverse range of species, including fish, amphibians, birds, reptiles, and mammals. The evidence for the role of these cationic antimicrobial peptides in innate host defenses is convincing from the data of animal model and transgenic animal experiments as well as wildlife or domestic animals, indicating that the peptides protect against inflammatory and immune system after induction by bacterial infection. In this study, we present the assessment of transcription expression of CATHL4 gene which encodes indolicidin, a cathelicidin from indigenous yellow cattle of Vietnam. The research focused on RNA samples extracted from lung tissues and lymph node collected from diseased cattle which died of infectious respiratory symptoms and the healthy cattle which were slaughtered for food purposes. By quantitative real-time PCR, the relative expression of transcripts was determined and analyzed using the expression of YWHAZ gene as reference. The results showed that this gene was abundantly expressed at a higher level in tissues of the diseased cattle than in those of the healthy ones. In both infection and healthy states, the expression of CATHL4 in lymph nodes were higher than in lung tissues. This indicated that CATHL4 (indolicidin) may participate in functions against infectious pathogens.
Human-elephant conflict in Pu Mat National Park region, Nghe An Province: current status and impact on the conservation atitude of local residents
Authors: Dang Nguyen Xuan , Nghia Nguyen Xuan , Dat Nguyen Tien , Luong Nguyen Thanh
Published: May 2021

Pu Mat National Park (NP) region is designated by the Government of Vietnam as a priory area for conservation of the Asian elephant. Out of three elephant groups currently inhabited Pu Mat NP region, only the group in Anh Son District (Anh Son elephant group) causes severe human-elephant conflict (HEC) with significant economic damage for local villagers and rubber farms, human casualties, and induced psychological pressure for local residents. Because of the HEC, support for the elephant conservation of local residents was significantly reduced and the retaliatory killing of an elephant happened in 2011.This study assessed the HEC status in Anh Son District and identified the main causes of HEC here.
The dna barcoding data and genetic distance of leaf beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Nguyen Thi
Published: May 2021

DNA barcoding is a useful tool in identifying species, biodiversity assessment, and revealing phylogenetic relationships of living organisms in the world. However, the DNA barcode data for leaf beetles in Vietnam is lacking. In this study, sixteen DNA sequences of 658 bp of COI gene from nine species (five genera; three subfamilies) of Chrysomelidae in Vietnam were (obtained). Intra- and inter-specific diversities, and phylogenetic relationships of these species were analyzed.
The freshwater copepod genus Mesocyclops  (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Cyclopidae) in Vietnam
Authors: Luong Tran Duc , Thanh Dang Ngoc , Hai Ho Thanh
Published: May 2021

The freshwater copepod Mesocyclops Sar, 1914, a species-rich genus within the family Cyclopoidae Rafinesque, 1815, is common in tropical areas. In addition, the genus members are used for the biological control of mosquito larvae (Anopheles, Aedes) which are vectors for transmitting dengue fever. In Vietnam, a total of 11 Mesocyclops species have been recorded in inland freshwater bodies. Of which, one endemic species (M. sondoongensis Tran & Hołyńska, 2015) and two species were described from Vietnam, namely M. yenae Hołyńska, 1998; M. ferjemurami Hołyńska & Vu, 2000. Diagnostic characteristics, habitat, and distribution of all 11 species are provided. Additionally, a pictorial key to all Vietnamese Mesocyclops is presented.
Additional records of the genus Acropimpla townes  (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from Vietnam and an updated key to species
Authors: Nhi Pham Thi
Published: May 2021

Two species of the genus Acropimpla, viz. A. bicarinata (Cameron) and A. uchidai (Cushman), are recorded for the first time from Vietnam. An updated,  illustrated key to all eight Vietnamese species of Acropimpla is provided.
“De quem é esse bebê?”: desafios para o direito à maternidade de mulheres em situação de rua
Authors: Santos Gilney Costa , Baptista Tatiana Wargas de Faria , Constantino Patrícia
Published: May 2021

As experiências de mulheres gestantes em situação de rua colocam na arena do debate público tensões entre garantias individuais e limites às ações do Estado. Este artigo analisa a produção científica sobre o tema, a fim de reconhecer os argumentos biomédicos, jurídicos e sociais que sustentam os posicionamentos neste debate. A partir de uma revisão integrativa, em bases de abrangência nacional e internacional, foram analisados 21 estudos e identificados quatro enunciados: Riscos à saúde da mulher e do feto/criança; Discursos sobre o pré-natal; Direitos de mulheres e de fetos/crianças; e Os sentidos sobre maternidade. Conclui-se que a experiência de maternidade dessas mulheres é extremamente complexa, não apenas pela situação de rua, mas por todo contexto, marcado por relações desiguais de classe, raça e gênero. Nos cenários nacional e internacional, sobressai o discurso de proteção e cuidado ao bebê/feto, em detrimento das mulheres gestantes. A criminalização dessas maternidades tem sido uma tendência global em que a expansão dos direitos “fetais/infantis” significa a retração dos direitos das mulheres. Esse modo de operar não produz e não incentiva que as mulheres busquem os serviços sociais e de saúde, mas o contrário. Torna-se um imperativo ético e humanitário pensar outros modos de cuidar, ancorados na perspectiva dos direitos humanos, para que a assistência ao feto/criança não se traduza em violência às mulheres.
SCLEROTHERAPY WITH 75% HYPERTONIC GLUCOSE TO TREAT DORSAL SYNOVIAL CYSTS OF THE WRIST
Authors: PIRES FERNANDO ARAUJO , SANTOS JOÃO BAPTISTA GOMES DOS , FERNANDES CARLOS HENRIQUE , NAKASHIMA LUIS RENATO , FALOPPA FLÁVIO
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the cure rate for dorsal synovial cysts of the wrist with aspiration and percutaneous sclerotherapy using 75% hypertonic glucose. Methods: We enrolled 45 patients older than 18 years with untreated dorsal synovial cysts of the wrist. They underwent percutaneous aspiration and sclerotherapy with 75% hypertonic glucose 75%. A maximum of two procedures were conducted for each cyst at a 4-week interval. We analyzed age, sex, affected side, history of previous trauma, wrist goniometry, grip strength, wrist pain by the visual analogue scale, complications, and hand function questionnaire scores. Results: We evaluated 45 patients (30 female, 15 male, mean age 38.2 years with 47 cysts). Four weeks after the first procedure, 72.3% cysts were palpable and visible. At 24 weeks after the first procedure, 57.4% cysts evolved to cure and 42.6% persisted. Conclusion: Treatment of dorsal synovial cyst of the wrist with aspiration and percutaneous sclerotherapy using 75% hypertonic glucose achieved a 57.4% cure rate after 24 weeks. Level of Evidence IV, Case series