bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Achieved Ambulatory Blood Pressures and Its Changes With Adverse Outcomes in Resistant Hypertension: Was There a J-Curve for Ambulatory Blood Pressures?
Authors: Cardoso Claudia R.L. , Salles Gil F.
Published: May 2021

J-curve associations with adverse outcomes have never been examined in relation to ambulatory blood pressures (BPs). We aimed to investigate the associations between low-achieved BPs and large BP changes during follow-up with major adverse cardiovascular events and mortality in a cohort of 1474 patients with resistant hypertension who performed serial ambulatory BP monitoring. Multivariable Cox regressions with cubic splines examined associations between continuous BP parameters (time-weighted mean relative BP changes and time-updated achieved BPs) with primary (major adverse cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality) and secondary outcomes (cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarctions, and strokes, separately). Categorical analyses were also performed (subgroups with the largest BP reductions and the lowest achieved BPs). During a median follow-up of 9 years, 299 major adverse cardiovascular events (128 myocardial infarctions and 109 strokes) and 316 all-cause deaths (187 cardiovascular) occurred. In analyses with continuous BP parameters, there were no nonlinear
J
-curve associations between achieved ambulatory BPs and outcomes (
P
of the nonlinear terms >0.18); in general, low-achieved BPs were either neutral or protective (hazard ratios: 0.64–1.01). Otherwise, most of the associations between relative BP changes and outcomes were nonlinear with
J
- or
U
-curves. The excess risks of larger BP reductions were more evident in elderly (hazard ratios, 1.00–1.30) and in patients with preexistent cardiovascular diseases (hazard ratios, 1.33–1.52). Categorical analyses were confirmatory. In conclusion, in patients with resistant hypertension, achieving lower ambulatory 24-hour BPs (around 110/60 mmHg) seems safe and probably beneficial, but larger BP reductions might be deleterious, particularly in elderly and in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Preclinical Models of Cancer Therapy–Associated Cardiovascular Toxicity: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Asnani Aarti , Moslehi Javid J. , Adhikari Bishow B. , Baik Alan H. , Beyer Andreas M. , de Boer Rudolf A. , Ghigo Alessandra , Grumbach Isabella M. , Jain Salvia , Zhu Han ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Basic Cardiovascular Sciences; Cardio-Oncology Science Subcommittee of Council on Genomic and Precision Medicine and Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; and Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology
Published: May 2021

Although cardiovascular toxicity from traditional chemotherapies has been well recognized for decades, the recent explosion of effective novel targeted cancer therapies with cardiovascular sequelae has driven the emergence of cardio-oncology as a new clinical and research field. Cardiovascular toxicity associated with cancer therapy can manifest as a broad range of potentially life-threatening complications, including heart failure, arrhythmia, myocarditis, and vascular events. Beyond toxicology, the intersection of cancer and heart disease has blossomed to include discovery of genetic and environmental risk factors that predispose to both. There is a pressing need to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular toxicity to improve outcomes in patients with cancer. Preclinical cardiovascular models, ranging from cellular assays to large animals, serve as the foundation for mechanistic studies, with the ultimate goal of identifying biologically sound biomarkers and cardioprotective therapies that allow the optimal use of cancer treatments while minimizing toxicities. Given that novel cancer therapies target specific pathways integral to normal cardiovascular homeostasis, a better mechanistic understanding of toxicity may provide insights into fundamental pathways that lead to cardiovascular disease when dysregulated. The goal of this scientific statement is to summarize the strengths and weaknesses of preclinical models of cancer therapy–associated cardiovascular toxicity, to highlight overlapping mechanisms driving cancer and cardiovascular disease, and to discuss opportunities to leverage cardio-oncology models to address important mechanistic questions relevant to all patients with cardiovascular disease, including those with and without cancer.
Fuscmacula, a new leafhopper genus from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)
Authors: YAO BINBIN , ZHANG RUNZHI , XING JICHUN
Published: May 2021

A new leafhopper genus of Athysanini from China, Fuscmacula gen. nov. with F. biprocessa sp. nov. as type species is described and illustrated. This species was collected from grass. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
A comprehensive five-year evaluation of IMERG Late Run precipitation estimates over the Netherlands
Authors: Bogerd Linda , Overeem Aart , Leijnse Hidde , Uijlenhoet Remko
Published: May 2021

Applications like drought monitoring and forecasting can profit from the global and near real-time availability of satellite-based precipitation estimates once their related uncertainties and challenges are identified and treated. To this end, this study evaluates the IMERG V06B Late Run precipitation product from the Global Precipitation Measurement mission (GPM), a multi-satellite product that combines space-based radar, passive microwave (PMW), and infrared (IR) data into gridded precipitation estimates. The evaluation is performed on the spatiotemporal resolution of IMERG (0.1° × 0.1°, 30 min) over the Netherlands over a five-year period. A gauge-adjusted radar precipitation product from the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) is used as reference, against which IMERG shows a large positive bias. To find the origin of this systematic overestimation, the data is divided into seasons, rainfall intensity ranges, echo top height (ETH) ranges, and categories based on the relative contributions of IR, morphing, and PMW data to the IMERG estimates. Furthermore, the specific radiometer is identified for each PMW-based estimate. IMERG’s detection performance improves with higher ETH and rainfall intensity, but the associated error and relative bias increase as well. Severe overestimation occurs during low-intensity rainfall events and is especially linked to PMW observations. All individual PMW instruments show the same pattern: overestimation of low-intensity events and underestimation of high-intensity events. IMERG misses a large fraction of shallow rainfall events, which is amplified when IR data is included. Space-based retrieval of shallow and low-intensity precipitation events should improve before IMERG can be implemented over the middle and high-latitudes.
Vertical viscosity coefficient increased for high-resolution modeling of the Tsushima/Korea Strait
Authors: HIROSE Naoki , LIU Tianran , TAKAYAMA Katsumi , UEHARA Katsuto , TANEDA Takeshi , KIM Young Ho
Published: May 2021

This study clarifies the necessity of an extraordinary large coefficient of vertical viscosity for dynamical ocean modeling in a shallow and narrow strait with complex bathymetry. Sensitivity experiments and objective analyses imply that background momentum viscosity is at the order of 100 cm2/s, while tracer diffusivity estimates are on the order of 0.1 cm2/s. The physical interpretation of these estimates is also discussed in the last part of this paper. To obtain reliable solutions, this study introduces cyclic application of the dynamical response to each parameter to minimize the number of long-term sensitivity experiments. The recycling Green’s function method yields weaker bottom friction and enhanced latent heat flux simultaneously with the increased viscosity in high-resolution modeling of the Tsushima/Korea Strait.
Eritrea’s Chosen Trauma and the Legacy of the Martyrs: The Impact of Postmemory on Political Identity Formation of Second-Generation Diaspora Eritreans
Authors: Hirt Nicole
Published: May 2021

In the collective memory of Eritreans, the liberation struggle against Ethiopia symbolises the heroic fight of their fallen martyrs against oppression. After independence, the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front created an autocratic regime, which is adored by many second-generation diaspora Eritreans living in democracies. I engage with bodies of literature exploring the political importance of collective trauma in post-conflict societies and apply two theoretical notions, “postmemory” and “chosen trauma,” to explain how the government’s narrative of Eritrean history produced a culture of nationalism through the glorification of the martyrs. This narrative and the trauma experienced by their parents created experiences of postmemory among the second-generation diaspora that have influenced their worldview. I demonstrate how Eritrean pro-government activists utilise US-born artists who recently discovered their Eritreanness, such as Tiffany Haddish, to instil long-distance nationalism. The article is based on a social media analysis, long-term observation of Eritrean diaspora communities, and recent fieldwork.
Application of social work in meeting the Sustainable Development Goals for children: A case study from Abkhazia
Authors: Marti Haidar Yamile M. , Akilova Mashkhura , Carlson Catherine , Zantaria Amina , Luo Yan
Published: May 2021

Social work can be an effective tool in reaching the Sustainable Development Goals, specifically those concerning children and families such as ending poverty, hunger, promoting good health, wellbeing, peace, justice, and strong institutions. Now, more than ever, with the COVID-19 pandemic, social work has a crucial role in promoting the SDGs through communities that are suffering from illness, isolation, grief, economic despair and mental health illness, and particularly to support children. Using a case study from the post-conflict partially recognized state of Abkhazia, this article will discuss how strengthening and expanding the social work profession can support communities striving to meet Sustainable Development Goals related to child outcomes. We will present the general social work model of practice and training program developed in Abkhazia, in collaboration with UNICEF.
The politics of implementation: The role of traditional authorities in delivering social policies to poor people in Kenya
Authors: Rohregger Barbara , Bender Katja , Kinuthia Bethuel Kinyanjui , Schüring Esther , Ikua Grace , Pouw Nicky
Published: May 2021

The article contributes to understanding the political economy of implementation of social protection programmes at local level. Current debates are dominated by technocratic arguments, emphasizing the lack of financial resources, technology or skills as major barriers for effective implementation. Describing how chiefs, assistant-chiefs and community elders are routinely at the centre stage of core implementation processes, including targeting, enrolment, delivery, monitoring, awareness and information, data collection or grievance and redress, this study on Kenya argues for the need to look more closely into the local political economy as an important mediating arena for implementing social policies. Implementation is heavily contingent upon the local social, political and institutional context that influences and shapes its outcomes. These processes are ambivalent involving multiple forms of interactions between ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ institutional structures, which may support initial policy objectives or induce policy outcomes substantially diverging from intended policy objectives.
Iatrogenic pneumomediastinum followed by bilateral pneumothoraces: A case report
Authors: Dhakal Yogesh , Subedi Asish
Published: May 2021

Major respiratory catastrophe associated with iatrogenic airway injury during the Sistrunk operation is a rare event. A three-year-old patient underwent thyroglossal duct cyst removal under general anaesthesia. An iatrogenic thyroid cartilage injury occurred in the intraoperative period, and it was repaired primarily. Later, in the post-anaesthesia care unit, the patient developed subcutaneous emphysema in the neck and face, and then pneumomediastinum and bilateral pneumothoraces. The patient was managed with bilateral chest drains and endotracheal intubation, and he required mechanical ventilation for three days. So, even after repair of a recognised iatrogenic airway injury associated with the Sistrunk operation, it may be necessary to continue positive pressure ventilation in the postoperative period to avoid serious respiratory complications.
The first prevalence study of primary headaches in adults in a post-conflict area of Serbia
Authors: Milošević Nenad , Trajković Jasna Zidverc , Mijajlović Milija , Milošević Jovana , Podgorac Ana , Vitošević Zdravko , Novaković Tatjana , Pekmezović Tatjana
Published: May 2021

Aim

The aim of the present study was to establish annual prevalence of primary headaches, migraine, and tension-type headache among adults in a post-conflict area of Serbia.

Methods

The data for this cross-sectional study was obtained via face-to-face interviews using questionnaires specifically designed for this purpose, in line with the available guidelines. The study sample included adults aged 18–65 years whose native language is Serbian with residence in six predominantly Serbian communities in Kosovo and Metohija. Relevant diagnoses were established according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition.

Results

The study included 1062 adults. Analyses indicated 47.7% prevalence of primary headaches. The 1-year prevalence of migraine (with aura and without aura) and tension-type headache was established at 15.2% (3.3% and 11.9%), and 32.2%, respectively. One-year prevalence of chronic headache was calculated at 3.5%, while the prevalence of medication overuse headache was slightly lower at 2.9%. Primary headaches were more prevalent among women, participants residing south of the river Ibar, married or cohabiting individuals, as well as among interviewees (persons) who reported feeling unsafe in Kosovo and Metohija. This is the first study of the prevalence of primary headache disorders in Serbia. The obtained data is comparable to the data available for other countries, especially those in the Balkan region.
Erenumab prevents the occurrence of migraine attacks and not just migraine days: Post-hoc analyses of a phase III study
Authors: Diener Hans-Christoph , Ashina Messoud , Ritter Shannon , Paiva Da Silva Lima Gabriel , Rasmussen Soeren , Zielman Ronald , Tfelt-Hansen Peer
Published: May 2021

Background

This post-hoc analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of erenumab on monthly migraine days, monthly migraine attacks, and attack duration in patients with episodic migraine to investigate whether erenumab actually prevents the occurrence of migraine attacks and/or shortens them.

Methods

We conducted a post-hoc analysis of the data from the STRIVE study, in 955 patients with episodic migraine. Relative changes from baseline to mean over months 4, 5 and 6 of the double-blind treatment phase in monthly migraine days, monthly migraine attacks and mean migraine attack duration were assessed.

Results

Erenumab reduced monthly migraine days and monthly migraine attacks compared with placebo in a similar way. Erenumab had only a minor impact on shortening the duration of migraine attacks.

Conclusion

These post-hoc analyses demonstrate that the decrease in monthly migraine days by erenumab is mainly driven by a reduction in the frequency of monthly migraine attacks and to a much lesser extent by shortening the duration of migraine attacks. Trial registration: This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02456740)
Perceived Experiences of Community Violence Among Adolescents: A School Survey From Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: de Moraes Claudia L. , dos Santos Érika B. , Reichenheim Michael E. , Taquette Stella R. , Stochero Luciane , Marques Emanuele S.
Published: May 2021

Community violence (CV) is a global public health problem due to its high frequency and severe consequences. Although CV is one of the leading causes of death among adolescents, little is known about the everyday CV situations that do not lead to death. This study aimed to estimate the frequency of exposure to and involvement in CV situations among adolescent students from public and private schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study of 693 individuals in their second year of high school selected through stratified multistage random sampling. Information about their exposure to and involvement in CV was collected through a self-completed multidimensional questionnaire in the classrooms. For approximately 30% of the adolescents, someone close to them had been murdered, and 40% had already seen the corpse of a victim of homicide. Seventeen percent reported having been directly involved in CV situations. Approximately 38%, 13%, and 25% had been victims of robberies, interpersonal aggression, and death threats to either themselves or their relatives, respectively. Many of these situations occurred more than once. In general, CV was more frequently reported by boys and by those who did not live with both parents. Adolescents from higher economic classes experienced more interpersonal aggression and felt a greater need to carry a gun. Those who belonged to the lower economic classes and studied in public schools were more exposed to lethal violence than other students. The results call attention to the very high percentage of adolescent students that are involved in CV situations as well as to the differences in violence rates among population subgroups. Such findings should be considered when planning CV prevention and management actions in schools and other socialization spaces for adolescents.
The Relationship Between Work Study and Career Development for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Akos Patrick , Hutson Bryant , Leonard A. Joshua
Published: May 2021

One route toward career preparation for college students comes from work experience. Internships demonstrate benefits, but there is limited inquiry on the career development benefits of Federal Work Study (FWS). Archival data from nearly 600 students at one Southeastern research I institution suggest a significant and positive relationship between FWS participation and career clarity, decisiveness, and satisfaction. We outline the opportunity for further inquiry on process variables and the potential impact of FWS on the career development of our most vulnerable college student populations.
The consensus of non-linear agents under switching topology using dynamic inversion in the presence of communication noise and delay
Authors: Mondal Sabyasachi , Tsourdos Antonios
Published: May 2021

In this study, a consensus protocol for non-linear multi-agent systems using the non-linear dynamic inversion (NDI) technique is presented. It is named as distributed NDI or DNDI. The agents are considered to be working in a randomly changing environment which is realistic. The randomness in the operating environment is introduced by random switching communication topology, delays, and noise. The consensus protocol is obtained as a closed-form expression, which is a critical requirement for real-time implementation. Also, various cases regarding the communication issues have been considered to study the performance of the DNDI controller. The simulation results are found to be satisfactory.
Pilot Study of Endovascular Delivery of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Aortic Wall in a Pig Model
Authors: Li Ke , Vela Deborah , Migliati Elton , da Graca Cabreira Maria , Wang Xiaohong , Buja L Maximilian , Perin Emerson C.
Published: May 2021

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have a high mortality. In small-animal models, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown benefits in attenuating aneurysm formation. However, an optimal cell delivery strategy is lacking. The NOGA system, which targets cell injections in a less-invasive way, has been used for myocardial cell delivery. Here, we assessed the safety and feasibility of the NOGA system for endovascular delivery of MSCs to the aortic wall in an AAA pig model. We induced AAA in 9 pigs by surgery or catheter induction. MSCs were delivered using the NOGA system 6 or 8 weeks after aneurysm induction. We euthanized the pigs and harvested the aorta for histologic analysis 1, 3, and 7 days after cell delivery. During AAA creation, 1 pig died; 8 pigs completed the study without acute adverse events or complications. The cell delivery procedure was safe and feasible. We successfully injected MSCs directly into the aortic wall in a targeted manner. Histologic and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed transmural injections in the aortic wall area of interest and the presence of MSCs. Our study showed the safety and feasibility of endovascular cell delivery to the aortic wall in a pig model.
A study on the mechanical properties of graphene oxide/epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Eqra Rahim , Moghim Mohammad Hadi , Eqra Navid
Published: May 2021

The aims of this research are to elucidate the role of graphene oxide on the mechanical properties of epoxy and also to obtain an equation for the modeling of its behavior. Accordingly, graphene oxide/epoxy nanocomposite samples are fabricated using the solution casting method. Tensile, flexural, SEM and FTIR tests are conducted on epoxy and the nanocomposite samples afterwards. The obtained results show that the tensile strength of epoxy improves even at low contents of graphene oxide such that 0.3 wt.% of GO yields an improvement of approximately 11.5%. The flexural strength of epoxy is also enhanced by 5.8% with 0.5 wt.% GO. Then, it decreases due to the agglomeration with increasing the GO content. In order to predict the tensile strength of GO/epoxy nanocomposites, a modified Halpin–Tsai equation is obtained with a new introduced correction factor as K = 39.5 Vf1.135exp(2.9−1644.6 Vf). The obtained equation is in good agreement with the experimental data.
Nurses’ Preparedness, Readiness, and Anxiety in Managing COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chua Bee Seok , Cosmas Getrude , Arsat Norkiah
Published: May 2021

Nurses’ preparedness has been very important for them to treat patients effectively during the COVID-19 pandemic and serve the community. Nurses provide a vital role in mitigating the effects of health crises. In order to help nurses better understand their skills, abilities, and knowledge, as well as the actions that they should take to manage care, the research aims of this study are to (1) investigate the level of preparedness, readiness, and anxiety among nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak in Sabah, Malaysia; (2) examine the effects of various differences in preparedness and readiness among nurses; and (3) examine the effect of COVID-19 preparedness on anxiety among nurses. The results revealed that the nurses were moderately competent in managing the COVID-19 care situation. Each of the 3 differentiating characteristics (age, work experience, and previous disaster experience) did not predict how nurses would manage COVID-19 preparedness significantly. Besides, we also found only 2 dimensions of preparedness (familiarity with epidemiology and surveillance and familiarity with psychological issues) significantly predicted nurses’ anxiety levels. Familiarity with epidemiology and surveillance predicted nurses’ anxiety positively; in contrast, familiarity with psychological issues negatively influenced nurses’ anxiety.
Scott Joplin: A Guide for Music Educators PART II—King of Ragtime Composers
Authors: Friar Kendra Kay
Published: May 2021

Scott Joplin was an African American composer and pianist of singular merit and influence. This article is the second in a three-part series considering the biographical, artistic, and cultural contexts of Joplin’s life and work. “King of Ragtime Composers,” focuses on Scott Joplin’s artistic processes, including his structuring of melodic and harmonic content and his novel contributions to ragtime. The discussion is followed by suggested student activities written in accordance with NAfME’s 2014 National Music Standards, including performing a ragtime accompaniment, playing an original Orff arrangement of Joplin’s “The Easy Winners,” improvising within a ragtime framework, and listening to and analyzing performance choices.
“What Is Right for Me, Is Not Necessarily Right for You”: The Endogenous Factors Influencing Nonparticipation in Medical Assistance in Dying
Authors: Brown Janine , Goodridge Donna , Thorpe Lilian , Crizzle Alexander
Published: May 2021

Access to medical assistance in dying (MAID) is influenced by legislation, health care providers (HCPs), the number of patient requests, and the patients’ locations. This research explored the factors that influenced HCPs’ nonparticipation in formal MAID processes and their needs to support this emerging practice area. Using an interpretive description methodology, we interviewed 17 physicians and 18 nurse practitioners who identified as non-participators in formal MAID processes. Nonparticipation was influenced by their (a) previous personal and professional experiences, (b) comfort with death, (c) conceptualization of duty, (d) preferred end-of-life care approaches, (e) faith or spirituality beliefs, (f) self-accountability, (g) consideration of emotional labor, and (h) future emotional impact. They identified a need for clear care pathways and safe passage. Two separate yet overlapping concepts were identified, conscientious objection to and nonparticipation in MAID, and we discussed options to support the social contract of care between HCPs and patients.
Examining the Relationship between Older Adults’ Readiness for Discharge after Surgery and Satisfaction with Nursing Care and the Associated Factors
Authors: Baksi Altun , Arda Sürücü Hamdiye , Turhan Damar Hale , Sungur Meltem
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to examine the relationship between older adults’ readiness for discharge after surgery and satisfaction with nursing care and effects factors, using a descriptive, cross-sectional design that included 204 older adults. Examining the state of readiness for the discharge of older adults who underwent surgery in terms of the expected support sub-dimension of patients revealed that the presence of someone to support home care, the existence of health insurance, living with someone, undergoing emergency surgery, and being illiterate were statistically significant predictors. Thought of improvement in terms of nursing care between prior hospitalization and the latest hospitalization, use of intensive care unit, male, nursing care satisfaction, and the existence of health insurance were statistically significant predictors of the readiness for discharge in older adults after surgery in terms of personal status sub-dimension. Accordingly, an individual approach that takes these characteristics/variables into account is recommended when planning discharge.
A Pedigree Analysis and Clonal Correlations of the Coexistence of B-Cell Lymphoma and Histiocytic/Dendritic Cell Tumor
Authors: Cheng Fei , Yu Fang , Wang Xiaoxi , Huang Ke , Lu Hongsheng , Wang Zhaoming
Published: May 2021

Histiocytic/dendritic cell tumors are rare in clinical practice. It is postulated that they originate from bone marrow stem cells. Accumulating evidence has established the existence of immunoglobulin gene and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements in these tumors. Cases of transdifferentiation across lineages from follicular lymphoma to histiocytic/dendritic cell tumors have also been reported. Herein, we report 2 adult males with histiocytic neoplasms coexisting with B-cell lymphoma. Laser capture microdissection and capillary electrophoresis polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed comparable immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in both patients. In one case, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), Langerhans cell sarcoma, and histiocytic sarcoma coexisted in the lymph nodes. 11q22 deletion often present in CLL/SLL and expression of the BRAF V600E gene was detected in all the 3 components. In the other case, there diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and histiocytic sarcoma coexisted in the spleen. Forty-seven mutated genes commonly found in B-cell lymphoma were detected by next-generation sequencing. In the same line, DTX1, IRF8, KMT2D, MAP2K1, and TET2 genes were found to have similar mutation sites. The results of this study will contribute in providing new ideas for targeted treatment of these diseases.
Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma: A Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of 64 Cases
Authors: Oramas Diana M. , Zaleski Michael , Moran Cesar A.
Published: May 2021

Sixty-four cases of sarcomatoid pleural mesothelioma represent the basis of this study. The patients are 51 men and 13 women between the ages of 42 and 79 years, who presented with symptoms of chest pain, cough, and weight loss. Diagnostic imaging showed the presence of diffuse pleural thickening with encasement of the lung parenchyma in all the cases. All patients had surgical resection via extrapleural pneumonectomy. By immunohistochemistry, all cases were positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3; however, reactivity with other markers including keratin 5/6, calretinin, and D2-40 was seen in different proportions, whereas a few cases showed positive staining for GATA3, WT1, and p40. All tumors were negative for carcinomatous epitopes (carcinoembryonic antigen, CD15, and TTF1). Our findings show that even though the use of immunohistochemical stains plays an important role in the final interpretation, the best results are accomplished by a global interpretation of clinical, radiographical, and immunohistochemical findings. It is also important to highlight that it does not seem to be a single immunohistochemical stain that is pathognomonic of sarcomatoid mesothelioma and that some other stains that are commonly used for other tumors may also show positive staining in a small percentage of sarcomatoid mesotheliomas.
Lactotransferrin-Related Breast Amyloidosis: Report of a First Case
Authors: Yan Mingfei , Rodgers Mark , Harbhajanka Aparna , Gilmore Hannah
Published: May 2021

Breast amyloidosis is a rare condition which is mostly associated with hematological disorders or hereditary genetic disorders. Imaging findings of breast amyloidosis can mimic malignancy, which often leads to biopsy or excision of the lesion. Here, we presented a case of localized lactotransferrin-related breast amyloidosis in an elderly female patient. Histologic examination revealed extensive involvement of breast lobules by amorphous amyloid materials, with attenuation of lobular structures and prominent calcifications. Positive immunostains for myoepithelial cells helped to exclude the possibility of invasive carcinoma. The patient had no hematologic malignancy besides immunoglobulin G lambda monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Mass spectrometry of the breast amyloid identified lactotransferrin and no immunoglobulin or its light chain. On follow-up, the patient showed no recurrence of the breast lesion after local excision nor showed other systematic comorbidities, indicating the benign nature of the lesion. This first report of lactotransferrin-related amyloidosis may represent a special type of localized breast amyloidosis that has no correlation with systematic disorders.
Homicide or Suicide: How Nudity Factors into This Determination
Authors: Craun Sarah W. , Tanner Leah , Clausen Victoria , Merola Melissa A. , Opanashuk Leonard , Keel Timothy G.
Published: May 2021

Anecdotal reports of deceased celebrities being found nude abound, yet research is lacking regarding the frequency of nudity at death. Moreover, it is unknown if nudity at the time of death is a useful investigative clue or a distracting non-factor in equivocal death cases. This study used data from 119,145 homicides and suicides reported to the Centers for Disease Control to explore victim nudity, prior life stressors, and demographics on the likelihood of a death being a homicide or a suicide. Logistic regression results indicate that a female victim being found nude is a strong indicator of homicide.
Organizational Cultures Determine Employee Innovation in Response to Seasonality: Regulatory Processes of Openness and Resistance
Authors: Senbeto Dagnachew L. , Hon Alice H. Y. , Law Rob
Published: May 2021

The existing literature on tourism seasonality focuses on seasonality’s cause and impact but pays little attention to understand employees’ reactions to off-season markets. Drawing from approach-avoidance and regulatory focus theories, we examine the influence of three types of organizational cultures on employee innovative behavior. We also propose two regulatory processes that mediate those relationships: employee openness and resistance to change. Using multisource data from hotel employees and managers, our results indicate that employee openness positively mediates innovative and collaborative cultures’ relationships on employee innovation. In contrast, it negatively mediates the relationship between traditional culture and innovative behavior. On the other hand, employee resistance to change positively mediates the association between traditional culture and employee innovation, whereas it negatively mediates the relationships between innovative and collaborative cultures on employee innovation. We provide managerial implications and directions for future research in response to seasonality.
Results of first stage brachiobasilic and brachiobrachial fistula creation: Implications for staged versus single procedure decision making
Authors: Ottinger Mary , Picone Desiree , Hseih Katrina , Wooster Mathew , London Mark J , Ross John R , Illig Karl A
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

Transposed brachiobasilic AV fistulas (BVT) have increasingly been performed in two stages. Published reports give conflicting results, perhaps in part as many reports of staged procedures eliminate those patients who “fail” the first stage (i.e. are lost to follow-up in addition to anatomic failure).

Methods:

A prospectively maintained database was reviewed to identify all patients at two institutions who underwent the first stage of planned two-stage BVT by the senior author. Success in this context was defined as patients who eventually underwent second stage fistula creation, leaving the operating room after the second stage with a patent, transposed fistula.

Results:

From October 2012 to June 2020, 218 patients underwent first-stage procedures. At the first visit, 185 (85%) of fistulas were patent, 23 (11%) were occluded, 8 (4%) of patients were lost to follow-up, and 2 (1%) died. In the interval before the second operation, another eight (4%) patients were lost to follow-up, two were cancelled for medical reasons, and two declined surgery, leaving a total of 173 patients who made it to the second stage (80%). At operation, four patients were found to have unusable veins, leaving a total of 169 patients who completed both stages. If all patients who underwent first stage are included, 77% of patients entering this pathway left the OR after their second stage with patent access. If those lost to follow-up are excluded, this number increases to 84%, while if all those lost to follow-up are assumed to mature, success increases to 85%.

Conclusions:

Depending on results in patients lost to follow-up, between 77% and 85% of patients undergoing first stage brachiobasilic fistulae undergo successful second stage transposition. These numbers are equivalent or slightly lower than published maturation rates for single-stage BVT, so there is little margin for failure at the second stage.
Obesogenic Diets Cause Alterations on Proteins and Theirs Post-Translational Modifications in Mouse Brains
Authors: Siino Valentina , Jensen Pia , James Peter , Vasto Sonya , Amato Antonella , Mulè Flavia , Accardi Giulia , Larsen Martin Røssel
Published: May 2021

Obesity constitutes a major global health threat and is associated with a variety of diseases ranging from metabolic and cardiovascular disease, cancer to neurodegeneration. The hallmarks of neurodegeneration include oxidative stress, proteasome impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction and accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates as well as metabolic alterations. As an example, in post-mortem brain of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), several studies have reported reduction of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin receptor and an increase in tau protein and glycogen-synthase kinase-3β compared to healthy controls suggesting an impairment of metabolism in the AD patient’s brain. Given these lines of evidence, in the present study we investigated brains of mice treated with 2 obesogenic diets, high-fat diet (HFD) and high-glycaemic diet (HGD), compared to mice fed with a standard diet (SD) employing a quantitative mass spectrometry-based approach. Moreover, post-translational modified proteins (phosphorylated and N-linked glycosylated) were studied. The aim of the study was to identify proteins present in the brain that are changing their expression based on the diet given to the mice. We believed that some of these changes would highlight pathways and molecular mechanisms that could link obesity to brain impairment. The results showed in this study suggest that, together with cytoskeletal proteins, mitochondria and metabolic proteins are changing their post-translational status in brains of obese mice. Specifically, proteins involved in metabolic pathways and in mitochondrial functions are mainly downregulated in mice fed with obesogenic diets compared to SD. These changes suggest a reduced metabolism and a lower activity of mitochondria in obese mice. Some of these proteins, such as PGM1 and MCT1 have been shown to be involved in brain impairment as well. These results might shed light on the well-studied correlation between obesity and brain damage. The results presented here are in agreement with previous findings and aim to open new perspectives on the connection between diet-induced obesity and brain impairment.
Between shame and a shared world: Toward a democratized theory of heterodoxical awareness
Authors: DeVore Jonathan
Published: May 2021

This article develops a democratized account of heterodoxy that draws attention to how heterodoxical discourses may implicitly arise through social interaction. The analysis is based on one rural Brazilian woman’s claim that it tastes better to eat beans and rice by using one’s fingers. Formerly common in Brazil prior to the 20th century—across identities, regions, and classes—the practice of “eating by hand” was gradually erased from public life, and reconstituted as a mark of non-whiteness, through what Norbert Elias described as a “civilizing process.” The woman’s claim registers as a heterodoxical response to hierarchized and racialized notions of taste arising from this process of historical erasure. The analysis draws on Pierre Bourdieu’s practice theory to situate the woman’s claim within a wider field of taste, while engaging with Hannah Arendt’s suggestion that aesthetic judgments may implicitly disclose shared and more equal worlds. Whereas Bourdieu’s famous account of heterodoxy focuses on leaders, experts, and spokespersons of the dominated skilled in the “work of making explicit,” the contribution draws on scholarship in analytic philosophy to argue that critical historical awareness may emerge in what philosophers of language and linguistic anthropologists call pragmatic presuppositions. The heterodoxical pragmatic presuppositions implicit in the woman’s claim conjure a notion of semiotic equality, which is disclosed as a defeasible presupposition of the ethnographic situation in which she makes her claim.
A Simple and Convenient Alternative for the Reconstruction of Lower Extremity Soft Tissue Defects due to Different Types of Etiologies: Bipedicled Flap
Authors: Altuntaş Zeynep , Tekecik Mahmut , Dadacı Mehmet
Published: May 2021

Reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the lower extremity due to different etiologies can be a challenging process for surgeons. Compelling reasons for reconstruction include the anatomy of the lower extremity, limited mobility of soft tissues especially the presence of bone, tendon, and neurovascular structures under the defect, and the exposed fixation materials make these defects more complicated. Local fasciocutaneous and muscle flaps are frequently used for the reconstruction of these defects. The patients in our study were with multiple comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and peripheral vascular disease. In this study, with a clinic series consisting of 42 patients (29 male and 13 female), we present a reconstruction with a bipedicled flap as a safe, simple, and efficient reconstructive modality in the treatment of lower extremity soft tissue defects. Except for 1 total flap loss, all defects were successfully reconstructed without any major complications. When reconstruction is performed with a bipedicled flap, the main neurovascular structures are not damaged, free flap and other locoregional flaps can be used as a salvage protocol.
Everyday Life Participation Using Powered Wheelchair Standing Devices by Boys With DMD
Authors: Young Helena , Bray Paula , McKinnon Kausik , Burns Joshua , Bundy Anita
Published: May 2021

Powered wheelchair standing devices (PWSDs) allow supported standing for activity; however, little is known about their use. To understand factors affecting use of supported standing for participation among boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and characteristics of successful users, we gathered data over 7 days from boys who had used PWSDs for 24 months, using a smartphone application. We used descriptive statistics to identify factors that affected their participation. Physical/social engagement and independence were motivators for standing in PWSDs. Enablers included positive attitudinal/social environments. Barriers included pain during supported standing and lack of physical environment accessibility. The characteristics of successful users were identified. Supported standing via PWSDs has potential to improve participation for boys with DMD. The disease stage, individual personal factors and environmental supports impact on use. Therapists should carefully consider and manage factors that impact on uptake and sustainability of use.
Work-related stress of elementary school principals in Finland: Coping strategies and support
Authors: Elomaa Mailis , Eskelä-Haapanen Sirpa , Pakarinen Eija , Halttunen Leena , Lerkkanen Marja-Kristiina
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to investigate elementary school principals’ self-reported causes of work-related stress, their coping strategies to deal with stress and the support they need for their leadership. Seventy-six principals filled in the questionnaire, which included open-ended questions. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. The results showed that the main sources of stress were workload, interpersonal conflicts, a lack of resources and internal pressures. Moreover, principals used emotion-focused, problem-focused and social coping to deal with stress. Additionally, principals reported a need for problem-focused support and social support for their leadership. The results revealed the importance of social support and coping for principals’ occupational wellbeing. A more intimate approach to principals’ perceptions about the causes of occupational stress, their coping strategies and the support they need provides opportunities to consider diverse personal requirements, which may be fundamental in promoting principals’ occupational wellbeing.
Effets d’un programme de développement des compétences psychosociales en milieu scolaire : Le PROgramme de Développement Affectif et Social (PRODAS) : Revue de la littérature
Authors: Tardy Aurélie , Roth Brimbelle , Daguzan Alexandre , Sambuc Roland , Lagouanelle-Simeoni Marie-Claude
Published: May 2021

Objectif :

Le Programme de Développement Affectif et Social (PRODAS) est un programme de développement des compétences psychosociales des enfants ou adolescents mis en œuvre depuis 2005 en milieu scolaire par une association française (le Planning familial). L’objectif de cet article était de synthétiser les connaissances sur les effets de ce programme, afin de contribuer à l’étude de sa transférabilité.

Méthodes :

La revue de littérature réalisée a porté sur des études datant de 1970 à 2017. Ont été interrogées les bases de données : ScienceDirect, PsycNET, ERIC, PsycINFO, erudit, ISIDOR, Cochrane. Les mots clés utilisés étaient « Human Development Program » ou « PRODAS ».

Résultats :

Une amélioration, le plus souvent significative, des compétences émotionnelles et sociales des enfants et des adolescents était rapportée. Une relation de type dose-effet était également suggérée par certains résultats. Peu de données étaient disponibles chez les jeunes enfants (école maternelle) et aucune étude n’explorait les effets du programme à long terme.

Conclusion :

Cette synthèse a permis de mettre en lumière les principaux effets du PRODAS. Toutefois, considérant que ce programme est un des seuls à s’adresser aux enfants dès 4 ans en France, de futures études portant sur des enfants d’écoles maternelles, avec un suivi à long terme, seraient utiles pour compléter les données sur l’efficacité d’un tel programme.
Developing and Validating a Tool to Assess Young Children’s Early Literacy Engagement
Authors: Scull Janet , Page Jane , Cock Megan L , Nguyen Cuc , Murray Lisa , Eadie Patricia , Sparling Joseph
Published: May 2021

There is growing recognition that literacy learning takes place in the years prior to formal schooling and that young children develop literacy-like behaviours through exposure to interactions in shared contexts in which literacy is a component. Despite this, there are few assessments that measure the very early literacy skills that children develop before 36 months of age. This article reports on the design and validation of a new instrument – the Early Literacy Engagement Assessment (ELEA). This tool was developed to provide insights into the impact of Conversational Reading, a key pedagogical strategy implemented at Families as First Teachers playgroups, on young children’s early receptive and expressive vocabulary and literacy skills. The instrument was trialled with 104 children living in locations across Melbourne, Victoria, and 39 Aboriginal children living in remote communities in the Northern Territory. The trial process was undertaken in two phases: (1) a technical assessment to test item consistency, characteristics and placement and (2) concurrent validity testing against items from the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals Preschool-2 tool. The findings from the trial and validation process indicate that overall the ELEA discriminates well between children of high and low ability, and it is a useful tool in the authentic assessment of expressive and receptive vocabulary skills in young children.