bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maritime Spatial Planning Transboundary Pilot Projects and their Implication in the National Process in Spain
Authors: Gómez-Ballesteros María , Cervera-Núñez Cristina , Campillos-Llanos Mónica , Arrieta Algarra Sagrario , Lloret Ana , Murciano Carla
Published: June 2021

Maritime Spatial Planning processes are already being implemented in many parts of the world being Europe one of the hot spots due to the approval of the Directive 2014/89/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning, which oblige every coastal Member State to have approved plans by March 2021. This Directive does not allocate specific funds for the development of these plans but it supports national processes by funding Maritime Spatial Planning transboundary projects among neighbouring countries. These projects have mainly two benefits, one is to provide states with knowledge, capacity and methodologies to apply in MSP national processes, and another one is to facilitate the coherence along plans of neighbouring countries sharing a sea basin region. As biological and ecological processes in the marine environment are not limited by administrative borders, the transboundary component of Maritime Spatial Planning is of extremely importance to manage marine resources in a sustainable way.
Marine Spatial Planning in Ecuador: Current Situation and the Challenges We Face
Authors: Iturralde Gustavo , Samaniego Jorge
Published: June 2021

The Marine and Coastal Spatial Planning (OEMC) has taken on special relevance in recent years due to the recognition of the environmental, social and economic impact of the maritime sectors in the world economy. The current situation of marine spatial planning in Ecuador is analyzed, through the analysis of six experiences, the state in which they are and the challenges they face for its full application with respect to the legal and institutional framework. Institutional advances are recognized, at the same time the instability of the authorities, the lack of a national vision for its implementation and political support are distinguished as the main limitations for its implementation. There is a real interest of local communities to achieve fair access to marine resources by promoting economic development of the country based on the conservation of marine and coastal biodiversity. Recommendations are offered to institutionalize this process in Ecuador and reduce the conflicts between actors.
Offshore Wind Farms and the Sector of Tourism and Recreation: A Review of Conflicts and Synergies
Authors: Machado Júlia Terra M. , ce Andrés García Maria
Published: June 2021

Offshore Wind Farms (OWF) are emerging around the world as transformation drivers for countries seeking out energy autonomy and development while taking a stand in the fight against climate change. However, OWF projects can also generate externalities, especially in coastal cities which rely on Tourism and Recreation (T&R), sectors highly dependent on marine space and landscape, and the analysis of this mutual influence seems to persist outside the academic radar. To assess this possible research gap, articles published in the past 5 years about the sitting of offshore wind turbines in coastal areas with the characteristics above mentioned are analysed. As a result, possible conflicts and synergies were found in different parts of the world. Three factors result as the most relevant to determine the occurrence of conflicts: spatial limitation - location of the turbines, security flaws due to incompatible uses and depreciation of the landscape. In addition, the articles considered here become indicators of the current literary production on the subject and, thus, confirm the insufficient academic development of this topic. Overall, the occurrence of conflicts appears strongly linked to the lack of integration and communication between the sectors analysed throughout the different project stages. On the other hand, it is found that synergies based on T&R tend to obtain a greater degree of success; thus, the combinations between OWF and T&R are evaluated as possible and probably notorious and prosperous if an adequate mapping and management of coastal sectors is carried out. In conclusion, a meticulous and specific assessment of the tourist and recreational impacts generated by the installation of a potential offshore wind farm is considered an indispensable practice to be carried out in coastal areas with a high density of tourist and recreational activities in the search for sustainable and synergistic development.
Use of Socioenvironmental Criteria to Assess the Certification Potential of a Surfing Reserve in Southern Brazil
Authors: Llantada I. R. , Serafini T. Z.
Published: June 2021

Surfing Reserves are protected areas to protect recognized surf breaks, as well as the natural and cultural heritage associated with these areas. These areas have been created either by the countries’ own legislation or by non-governmental initiatives, such as the World Surfing Reserves – WSR promoted by the international organization Save the Waves Coaliton. In Brazil, surfing reserves do not have a legal support, but are foreseen in the Bill 6,969/2013 (known as “Law of the Sea”). In addition, the Brazilian Surf Reserves Program – PBRS (in Portuguese) has been structured to foster the consolidation of these protected areas, as well as to support the creation of new WSR. Surfing reserves, together with other protected areas, can strengthen the integrated management of marine and coastal areas, in particular through the implementation of Marine Space Planning – MSP, in the form of networks of protected areas, as has been carried out in the world. In this research, the certification potential of Ilha do Mel (coast of Paraná) in southern Brazil was evaluated for the creation of an WSR, based on the criteria of Save the Waves Co. Using the four criteria for creating an WSR, 25 parameters were evaluated and quantified through literature review, field observations and interviews with key informants. Ilha do Mel presented a “very high” potential for the creation of a WSR, with multiple surf breaks, in addition to a well-preserved natural heritage, partly due to certain restrictions on use and access to the island’s resources, including protected areas already implemented in its territory, local environmental control policies and limit on public visitation. Native communities with traditional uses of the territory are present in this location, in addition to a consolidated tourist activity, and surfing has a relevant role. It is concluded that Ilha do Mel has the appropriate characteristics for the creation of a WSR, which could reinforce the island’s socio-environmental protection and deal with potential threats, such as those related to the port and industrial activities of its surroundings. However, it is necessary to better understand the perception of local communities regarding an eventual WSR on the island, reinforcing community engagement in this process, in a context of apparent fragility of local environmental governance.
Knowledge Production for Marine Spatial Planning in a Brazilian Inclusive Governance Context
Authors: Costa Julliet C. , Schiavetti Mariana B.M.P. , Scherer Marinez E.G. , Telles Daniel H. Q. , Gerhardinger Leopoldo , Da Silveira Isabelle , Bossolani Adayse , Takara Naomy C.
Published: June 2021

Coastal and marine spaces all around the world are committed to a current global sustainability agendas, in the seas and coasts, as well as their public policies and territorial governance agendas have received a special role in international discussions on the directions of development and conservation. In this context, the establishment of the Sustainable Development Agenda for 2030 (Agenda 2030) by the United Nations (UN) stands out which incorporated Objective 14, seeking to establish a science-political-society interface and strengthening the management of oceans and coastal zones for the benefit of humankind. In this scenario, in line with the global agendas and in order to identify and fill gaps in the interface between produced science and public policies for Brazilian marine-coastal environments, the initiative “Programa Horizonte Oceânico Brasileiro (HOB)” was created. The theme “Marine Space Planning (MSP)” is extremely relevant in the scope of the HOB, given its proposal for innovation through an ecosystem approach. Furthermore, MSP has been adopted as a mechanism for environmental policies in the international intergovernmental sector in countries with different levels of development, as a public policy and operational platform in planning and management of uses in the marine-coastal space. In this context, the activities of the Marine Space Planning Team (Team PEM) were established, which has been producing knowledge to strengthen the MSP in the path of collective inter-network learning and disseminating information that can assist future research, management and ordering actions in Brazilian seas and coasts, such as the publication of the.“I Volume Horizonte Oceânico Brasileiro” (Chapter 5 - Planejamento Espacial Marinho: Desafios e Oportunidades para Inserção Inter-Redes no Pré Planejamento Espacial Marinho Brasileiro) and the “Síntese para Tomadores de Decisão – I VOLUME HOB” (Planejamento Espacial Marinho: Desafios e Caminhos para sua Implementação) and the webinar of Marine Spatial Planning. This article aims to present the production of general knowledge about MSP by this group and its potential interaction with different systems (social, economic and political), looking to contribute and improving the information base of Brazilian coastal governance and also to subsidize possible initiatives related to the theme.
Web Atlas como Herramienta para la Gestión Integrada Costera: de los Datos al Conocimiento Práctico
Authors: Sartor Sílvia Maria , Rosa Marcos Reis , Pires Juliana Tristão , Oller Nascimento Claudio Augusto
Published: June 2021

Despite the importance of coastal areas to sustainable development, they are poorly known by the public or even by decision-makers. This undermines consistent action towards their protection. Existing data and information, published in very complex language, tend to be restricted to academic use. The Coastal Web Atlas as the one developed here is a tool that makes this information more accessible to managers, by preserving, integrating, comparing, and sharing data as smart maps. The spatial analysis based on multiple impact indicators facilitates the correlation of causes and effects. The Coastal Web Atlas is available to a broad audience and it could be a strong instrument for spatial planning and oversight. The authors propose to improve coastal area management by using colors on maps to decode scientific language to friendly language and to publish it on a geoportal. This technology promotes the use of collected data and enables collaborative work. A pilot experiment is being developed in the Santos Port Region, at the São Paulo state coast, Brazil: http://santoswebatlas.com.br/
Marine Spatial Planning, Coastal Management, Sustainability and Participation
Authors: Souto Raquel Dezidério
Published: June 2021

This article reviews some of the relevant international and national marks to coastal management and marine spatial planning (MSP), observing the aspect of participation. The (re)reading of these documents showed that: i) the search for the sustainability of the ocean and coasts, initially with a focus on the longevity of stocks of living and non-living resources, is an ideal since the formulation of the first chartes of principles and laws; ii) the participation gained more space in the theoretical frameworks of coastal management and MSP over time; iii) in general, there are still few studies and researches regarding the applicability and limits involved in participation in coastal and marine management processes. Case studies are presented to highlight aspects of participation in the PEM process, pointing out its advantages and limitations. With the publication of the article, it is expected to contribute to the development of a conceptual framework on participation in the management processes of coastal and marine zones. The information presented provides an initial theoretical basis, which can be adopted in the development of new studies, researches; and management, monitoring or evaluation actions.
Municipal Coastal Management and National Policy for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of the Brazilian Marine Biome: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Junior Paschoal Prearo , da Silveira Barros Sergio Ricardo , Dantas Aldo , Ruyz Aranha Pablo , Miranda da Silveira Iracema , Lima Lucas Souto P.
Published: June 2021

The Coastal Zone (CZ), declared as National Heritage by the 1988 Federal Constitution, is endowed as an area of strategic importance. Coastal economic activities are responsible for the majority portion of the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP), linked to ports, fishing, mining (i.e., oil), and tourism. Thus, the intense degradation of natural resources puts both socio-economic sustainability and local populations’ environmental quality at risk. This study presents actors and public policies relevant to Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). It seeks to resolve existing conflicts while respecting the compatibility of coastal uses sustainably, considering that the interrelationships of economic, environmental and social phenomena resulting from the overlapping of the different uses of the Brazilian coast generate different impacts. The study aims to assess municipal coastal management in line with Marine Spatial Plans (MSP), with relevance to the provisions of Bill nº 6969/2013. Such legislation “institutes the National Policy for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of the Marine Biome and associated coastal ecosystems (PNCMar)” and analyses municipal public power, between integral and participant of the integrated coastal management, together with union and state governments, responsible for elaborating, implementing, executing and monitoring their respective Coastal Management Plans. The methodology consists of collecting bibliographic and documentary data and reviewing articles, laws, bills, federal decrees and classic texts that addressed ICZM and MSP. For an integrated, sustainable coastal management, Bill nº 6969/2013 requires adjustments, with coastal municipalities remaining in management in a decentralised, participatory manner to make their local spatial planning instruments compatible.
Triple Positive Antiphospholipid Syndrome in a Patient with Rectosigmoid Colon Cancer- a Rare Occurrence
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Harlem Hospital Center, USA, M Pour , A Adelodun ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Harlem Hospital Center, USA, I Omore ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Harlem Hospital Center, USA, K Simon ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Harlem Hospital Center, USA
Published: June 2021

A case of triple positive antiphospholipid syndrome in the setting of invasive adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid colon in a male.
El impacto de la inteligencia artificial en el Derecho
Authors:   Universidad de Lima, Morales Cáceres Alejandro
Published: June 2021

El autor examina la relación de la inteligencia artificial —así como las diferentes tecnologías derivadas de ésta— con el Derecho como lo conocemos hoy. Explora los recientes dilemas surgidos en el Derecho con relación a una tecnología creciente y cada vez más avanzada. El desafío inminente a diversos conceptos y principios básicos del Derecho, así como el futuro del rol del abogado, son interrogantes urgentes que el autor visita en el presente artículo.
La comunidad LGBT+ en el Perú: los retos para incluirla y reconocer sus derechos en el siglo XXI
Authors:   Universidad de Lima, Gutiérrez Lúcar Marcial Giovanni
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo abordará la problemática que atraviesan los miembros de la comunidad LGBT+ en el Perú del siglo XXI, desde una perspectiva social como jurídica. Lo que permitirá identificar los cambios normativos que son necesarios de regular, a fin de alcanzar una sociedad más inclusiva y libre de discriminación de las minorías.
Influencers e INDECOPI: el problema de la solución a la publicidad encubierta
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Díaz-Valdez Alejandro
Published: June 2021

La llegada de los influencers ha generado una nueva forma de publicidad y es por eso que el Instituto Nacional de Defensa de la Competencia y de la Propiedad Intelectual-INDECOPI presentó la “Guía sobre Publicidad Digital y recomendaciones para Influencers [Proyecto]” con el objetivo de ofrecer lineamientos que deberían ser seguidos por influencers al publicar publicidad en sus redes sociales y no incumplir, entre otros, la Ley de Represión de la Competencia Desleal. Este artículo busca presentar al lector los principales problemas que se articulan de la lectura del proyecto de guía mencionada y las dificultades que su redacción actual supone para su ejecución.
Fixing an Offense as a Stage of Investigation: a Theoretical Aspect
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Samusevich A.G.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the theoretical and legal construction of such a stage of the investigation of an offense as its fixation. It is noted that the investigation of an offense is a procedural component of the mechanism for the implementation of legal responsibility. Attention is paid to the theoretical understanding of the activity of investigating an offense and the step-by-step nature of such a process is justified. It is with the help of a procedural investigation that legal responsibility is further developed. The analysis of the procedural legislation and scientific theoretical and legal research in the field under consideration allowed us to determine the legal grounds for investigating an offense, which are: a) the commission of an offense (a legal fact); b) the receipt and recording of the offense in a legal manner. This approach allowed us to determine the role and place of fixing the offense in the process of its investigation. At the same time, it is noted that the significance of fixing an offense is that it is at this stage that the active cognitive activity of the competent person begins to investigate the offense. Not recorded information about the offense does not allow you to realize legal responsibility and punish the offender. The problem is that in the theory of law, this stage is given little attention, in the procedural legislation, the fixation of an offense has weak regulation or is not fixed at all. It is concluded that the fixation of an offense includes ways and forms of fixing information about the committed offense in order to further learn it legally. It is at this stage that the further perspective of the investigation of the offense is determined. Without proper recording, the procedural activity of the subject of the investigation will be chaotic and illegal, which reduces the effectiveness of such activities.
The Activity of International Non-governmental Organizations as a Premise for the Development of Lake Baikal Legal Protection
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kolobov R.Yu. ,   East-Siberian Branch of Russian State University of Justice, Ditsevich Ya.B. ,   Irkutsk Law Institute (branch) University of the Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

The reported study aims to analyze the instruments adopted by international environmental non-governmental organizations in the sphere of protection and sustainable use of water resources. The structure of the World Water Council and its principal outcomes are reviewed. The practice of holding the World Water Forum is analyzed due to its rare coverage in Russian legal literature. Primary attention is paid to the outcomes of the Forum in the form of declarations. The activities of the International Water Resources Association are reviewed, particularly the outcomes of the 16th World Water Congress. The above mentioned international experience is extrapolated to the problems of Baikal’s legal protection. The documents adopted by the mentioned forums are proposed to be used as an inspiration and model for the legislative improvements in Baikal’s legal regime. For instance, the Ministerial Declaration “An urgent call for decisive action on water”, adopted at the 8th World Water Forum stresses the public attention on the issues of climate change and encourages the states to take into account this global problem in national water strategies. However, due to various reasons, the climate change issues are completely out of the legal discourse of Baikal protection. The Sustainability Declaration of the Forum has a significant potential for legislative and political improvements. Its 8th recommendation calls for business to value and mainstream water into its strategies, materiality and decision making process and share good practices in water management. Baikal’s business community’s commitment to the goals of sustainable development (in the form of Declaration) would be a useful politico-legal instrument within the lake’s legal regime. The outcomes of the 16th World Water Council in Cancun hosted by International Water Resources Association may also be a premise for the improvement of environmental policy and legislation in Baikal region. Among the most fruitful ideas of the forum is the acknowledgment of the pivotal role of scientific expertise in the environmental policy-making. The management system of Lake Baikal clearly needs an expert council, exercising advisory powers in respect to all the regulatory instruments concerning the ecosystem of the lake.
Confidence-building Measures in the Field of Information Security as a Basis for International Cooperation
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kolosov A.V.
Published: June 2021

The features of confidence-building measures in the field of information security are studied. It is noted that international peace and security are of global importance in modern conditions and one of the ways to ensure the stability of international relations is an equal partnership of states on the basis of generally recognized principles and norms of international law. The article analyzes the current issue of international law - the creation of confidence-building measures in the field of information security. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the international legal framework for cooperation in information relations. The work of the Open-ended Working Group on Developments in the Field of Information and Telecommunications in the context of international security was studied, and one of the most important achievements of the Working Group was the Final Report of March 12, 2021. It is established that the capabilities of modern technical devices are constantly expanding and evolving, such technologies can be used by attackers to make society more vulnerable and create large-scale negative consequences for most countries, because no state is protected from possible threats. It is argued that in order to solve such problems, it is necessary to make common efforts on the part of all countries to strengthen mutual cooperation and achieve large-scale results in the field of creating a secure information environment. It is concluded that one of the forms of cooperation between states is confidence-building measures in the field of information security. The classification of measures is proposed and a conclusion is made about the fundamental importance of measures for the successful cooperation of states in order to ensure the international information security of each state.
Issues of Involvement in Administrative Responsibility in the Conditions of Higher Preparedness
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Dashieva A.D.
Published: June 2021

The article describes questions of administrative and legal regulation in the conditions of the high alert regime. The administrative measures taken to prevent the spread of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) came into force on April 1, 2020. The article introduces the procedure for establishing rules, requirements and prohibitions for citizens and organizations in the the high alert mode territory. Questions arise about the requirements, for violation of which they are held liable under Article 20.6.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, as the Code established administrative responsibility for non-compliance with the rules of behavior in an emergency or the threat of its occurrence. Part 2 of Art. 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation has been amendened to regulate the administrative responsibility for violation of legislation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, if such an offence is committed during an emergency regime or in the event of a threat of the spread of a dangerous disease. The requirements for masks and personal protective equipment have been analyzed, as for the absence of masks the requirements can be brought to administrative responsibility. A big problem still is the disposal of personal protective equipment, since they belong to waste category B. The release of used personal protective equipment is the subject to the requirements of the disposal procedure and the requirement to prevent the emergence of a threat of the dangerous disease spread. The article considers the competition between the rules of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation in terms of bringing to responsibility for non-compliance with environmental protection requirements when handling production and consumption waste and the rules of law regulating violation of legislation in the field of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population.
Relationships, Interactions and Contradictions of Legal Liability and the Exercise of Law
Authors:   University of Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation, Kuz'min I.A.
Published: June 2021

The problem of correlation of legal phenomena of legal liability and realization of law is investigated from the standpoint of interconnections, interactions and contradictions between them. The sphere of «contact» of legal liability and the realization of law, their main properties at different levels of legal reality, based on the pluralism of the established scientific approaches, has been determined. It is proposed to consider legal liability as a general theoretical and sectoral model at the macro and micro levels. The specificity of the correlation of these phenomena inof the study and possible methodological approaches to its conduct, based on existing legal knowledge, as well as taking into account the real needs of legal practice. It is concluded that it is necessary to form a general theoretical, and then a sectoral methodology for studying the processes of correlation between legal liability and the realization of law for the purposes of law-making and law enforcement.
Statute of Limitations in Labor Law (Theory and Practice of Law Enforcement)
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Komkov S.A.
Published: June 2021

The terms of applying to the commission on labor disputes and to the court for the resolution of individual labor disputes are analyzed and the legal nature of these terms as the statute of limitations is noted. The conclusion is justified that it is unjustified to provide in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation an exhaustive list of valid reasons for missing the terms of treatment due to the variety of life situations. It is established that one of the valid reasons for the late filing of a claim against the employer may be the fear of the employee of the occurrence of negative consequences in the service. It is argued that while the employee is working, the legal relationship for unpaid wages is of a continuing nature, and does not fall under the term for applying to the court. The conclusion is made about the validity of the establishment of a special time limit for applying to the court in cases of compensation for non-pecuniary damage to an employee by the employer.
Certain Issues of the Practice of Applying the Rules on Mortgages under the Contract
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Pavlova I.YU. , Smirnova U.S. ,   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)
Published: June 2021

Some aspects of the application of norms in the field of mortgages by virtue of the contract are considered: the interpretation of paragraph 1 of Article 78 of the Federal Law «On Mortgage (Pledge of Real Estate)», the problem of eviction of citizens living with the mortgagor, the legal meaning of the purpose of the loan during foreclosure on property. The article analyzes the possibility of securing the debtor’s non-property obligations with a mortgage, the risks of the mortgagee when issuing a loan (credit) amount. It has been established that regulation of both targeted and non-targeted loans secured by the pledge of housing owned by citizens is of great importance. Thanks to the analysis of the current judicial practice, it was noted that at the moment the courts do not make the decision on the foreclosure of property dependent on the intended purpose of the loan (loan); however, exactly the purpose of the loan is taken into account by the court when deciding on the eviction of the mortgagor and the persons living with him. It has been established that at this stage in the development of civil law relations, the issue of protecting the rights of citizens, including minors, who risk losing their only habitable living quarters, arises.
Guilt as One of the Grounds for the Prohibition (Suspension) Activities on the Russian Civil Law
Authors:   University of the Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation, Senotrusova E.M. ,   Civil and Arbitration Procedure of the Perm National Research University
Published: June 2021

The article considers the essence of the category of guilt as one of the grounds for prohibiting (suspending) activities under Russian civil law. The article analyzes the shortcomings ofthe legal definition of guilt stipulated in article 401 of the civil code of the Russian Federation due to the mixing of objectivist and subjectivist concepts. Based on the analysis of the judicial practice of the application of Article 1065 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, a conclusion was made about the unsatisfactory state of law enforcement in establishing guilt in a person’s behavior. Monuments of Roman law are studied for the purpose of revealing the category of guilt. A brief overview of approaches to the concept of guilt in the civil legislation of a number of foreign countries and in the Model rules of European Private Law is given. The positions of the Supreme Court of Austria and the countries of the Anglo-Saxon legal family are given on this issue. The article briefly covers the integral theory developed By E. A. Kramer for the objective assessment of individuals ‘ discretion in conducting any activity that may entail adverse consequences for third parties. In connection with the special functions and purpose of the Institute of responsibility in private law and institute for the prevention of harm, the conclusion is defended that it is unacceptable to directly borrow the category of guilt from criminal law to civil law. The article substantiates the need to apply the objectivist concept of guilt in civil law as a deviation from the standard of behavior of an ordinary reasonable participant in the turnover, taking into account individual characteristics of a person. Taking into account the provisions of the current civil legislation on liability, a conclusion was made about the possibility of applying a simplified scheme of forms and types of guilt, including when deciding on the establishment of an injunction. The question of the ratio of guilt, considered from the point of view of the objectivist approach, and wrongfulness is touched upon.
AUE* Movement as a Criminal Phenomenon that Determines the Development of Professional Crime: the Essence and Methods of Struggle* The organization is banned in the Russian Federation
Authors:   South-West State University, Zarubina K.A.
Published: June 2021

The article highlights the development and activities of such informal youth movement as «the criminal unity of Prisoners»,«the urkagan unity of Prisoners» or «the way of life of Prisoners is one» (hereinafter-AUE), which supports, promotes and develops the ideology of criminal «romance», criminal subculture. The main reasons for the formation of the informal youth movement in Russia and the version of the concept of AUE are considered. The main features of AUE associations are investigated: stability; stability of the composition (2 or more persons); common intent of members of associations aimed at preparing and committing crimes of extremist orientation (on the ideological component); coordination of actions of members of the Association; main-taining and promoting a criminal subculture; the presence of an organizer (leader) in the Association, connections with the criminal world, etc. The article studies the influence of this criminal phenomenon on the behavior of modern youth, as well as on the development of crime in modern Russia, including one of its most dangerous varieties - professional criminal activity. The main problems of bringing persons belonging to the AUE movement to administrative and criminal responsibility are considered. The article analyzes the activities of members of AUE associations in terms of extremism, as well as the possibility of bringing persons belonging to AUE associations to criminal responsibility under article 282.1 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation. As a practical conclusion, a list of signs of AUE associations that a law enforcement officer can refer to when qualifying crimes under article 282.1 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation is presented.
Anthropogenic Transformation of the Vegetation in the Areas of Environmental Contact Zones of the South-Western Trans-Baikal
Authors:   Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, Sizykh А.P.
Published: June 2021

While performing studies we imposed the tasks to reveal general (background) characteristics of structural-dynamic organization of the vegetation and to find out the peculiarities of formation of phytocoenoses on the sites reflecting the specifics and trends of their modern formation under anthropogenic impact, such as fires, cutting and pasturage during several decades. The studied area is situated in the transitional zone between the forest-steppe and zonal steppes characteristic for South-East Asia – i.e., in an interzonal ecotone. An interzonal ecotone consists of coenoses forming under transitional environmental conditions, in this case – between forest-steppe and steppe areas of North and Central Asia. Main attention was paid to the characteristics of the actual state of phytocoenoses forming under different conditions of their recent destructions; species composition of synfolia and the most characteristic proxy species determining the actual state and the vector of formation of steppe coenoses and forests during last decades were studied with a particular attention. While analyzing the data obtained, we took into account as well the characteristics of the vegetation structure in the studied area presented in published papers of numerous researchers for many years. The results of general studies of the Baikal Region vegetation were also taken into account. The interzonal ecotone itself including the area of our studies always reflects spatial-dynamic organization of vegetation in the environmental zones in time and space. Anthropogenic factors are increase of the spatial and structural difference of the plant communities of the environmental contact all time.
Machine Learning-Based Small Cell Location Selection Process
Authors: Wasilewska Małgorzata , Kułacz Łukasz
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the authors present an algorithm for determining the location of wireless network small cells in a dense urban environment. This algorithm uses machine learning, such as k-means clustering and spectral clustering, as well as a very accurate propagation channel created using the ray tracing method. The authors compared two approaches to the small cell location selection process – one based on the assumption that end terminals may be arbitrarily assigned to stations, and the other assuming that the assignment is based on the received signal power. The mean bitrate values are derived for comparing different scenarios. The results show an improvement compared with the baseline results. This paper concludes that machine learning algorithms may be useful in terms of small cell location selection and also for allocating users to small cell base stations
5G Is Out There: How to Ride the Market Storm and Thrive
Authors: Smith Edward , Ugolini Mauro
Published: June 2021

We examine the changes in the commercial model adopted by the mobile ICT industry, due to the advent of 5G technology. This includes consideration of the challenges involved in rolling out a new infrastructure, which new markets this is likely to open up and how this affects partnering decisions. We show that as technology horizons expand, their degree of overlap increases and previously complimentary technologies may compete with each other, impacting the size of the addressable market. It is expected that 5G, whilst supporting its existing markets, will offer additional machine to machine, low latency and highly reliable services. We consider the synergies and the drivers for adoption for the wider 5G propositions and consider the impetus for more bandwidth and services and how the new technology impacts selling approaches. We identify the risks and uncertainties for the network providers and the likely requirements for a sustainable 5G business model and will describe our view of the steps necessary for a 5G successful outcome
C-V2X Communications for the Support of a Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory (GLOSA) Use Case
Authors: Chochliouros Ioannis P. , Spiliopoulou Anastasia S. , Kostopoulos Alexandros , Agapiou George , Lazaridis Pavlos , Zaharias Zaharias , Chen Tao , Dardamanis Athanassios , Kourtis Michail-Alexandros , Agapiou Marinos , Herzog Uwe , Ladid Latif
Published: June 2021

Rapid expansion of 5G affects a number of sectors, including vehicular communications relying on cooperative intelligent transportation systems (C-ITS). More specifically, in the context of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a particular emphasis is placed on modern cellular V2X (C-V2X) technologies aiming to further improve road safety. This work originates from the detailed scope of the ongoing 5G-DRIVE research project promoting cooperation between the EU and China, with the aim of demonstrating IoV services that rely on vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. With the C-V2X approach serving as a point of departure, we analyze and describe a specific green light-optimized speed advisory (GLOSA) use case, for which we provide a detailed descriptive framework, a proposed architectural framework for trials, as well as specific KPIs for the joint assessment of trials between the EU and China. We also discuss the context for performance test procedures to be conducted as part of the intended trials. GLOSA provides end-users with short-term information on upcoming traffic light status to optimize traffic flows, help prevent speed limit violations, improve fuel efficiency, and reduce pollution
Natto and miso: an overview on their preparation, bioactive components and
health-promoting effects
Authors: Chan E.W.C. , Wong S.K. , Kezuka M. , Oshiro N. , Chan H.T.
Published: June 2021

Natto and miso are two major traditional fermented soy foods in Japan. Natto is prepared
by fermenting cooked soybeans with Bacillus subtilis natto. The beans of natto have a
sticky outlook, slippery texture, sour aroma and nutty flavour. Bioactive components of
natto are nattokinase, bacillopeptidase F, vitamin K2, dipicolinic acid and γ-polyglutamic
acid. Miso is a fermented soybean paste widely used to make miso soup. The paste is
produced by fermenting cooked soybeans with koji (steamed rice inoculated with
Aspergillus oryzae). Bioactive compounds of miso include isoflavones and phenolic acids.
In this review, the preparation, bioactive components, and health-promoting properties of
natto and miso are highlighted. Sources of information referred were from Google
Scholar, J-Stage, Science Direct, PubMed, PubMed Central and PubChem
АВТОРСЬКИЙ ОПИТУВАЛЬНИК «ШКАЛИ МУЛЬТИКУЛЬТУРНОЇ ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ»: ПРОЦЕС КОНСТРУЮВАННЯ ТА ОПИС ПРОДУКТУ
Authors: Мамбетова А. А.
Published: June 2021

У статті подано опис авторського опитувальника, що ґрунтується на основі припущення про те, що люди мають відмінні стилі сприймання навколишньої дійсності та реагування на неї, які створюють основу для різних культурних укладів. Проведення мультикультурної ідентифікації та визначення типового культурного укладу для представників певного етносу дає змогу більш предметно розуміти їхні характеристики ментальності та інші психологічні особливості. Головним завданням цієї роботи є створення психодіагностичної методики для визначення приналежності представників різних етносів до того чи іншого культурного укладу (проведення мультикультурної ідентифікації). Культурний уклад – поняття, що характеризує історично сталі стійкі типові риси порядку побудови та змістовної наповненості нормативно-ціннісних конструктів, які притаманні соціальним групам та індивідам і виражені у матеріальних, ідеальних організаційних та символічних компонентах їх індивідуального та групового життя в умовах конкретного суспільства. Мета статті – презентувати авторський опитувальник «Шкали мультикультурної ідентифікації», що покликаний надати додаткові можливості для більш глибокого вивчення наукової проблематики культурних укладів та їхнього взаємозв’язку із психологічними особливостями особистості в етнокультурному контексті. У процесі теоретичного огляду проблематики поняття мультикультурної ідентифікації було описано теоретичну базу для конструювання методики, виокремлено основні завдання та обґрунтовано доцільність створення даної методики. Під час практичної роботи була сконструйована методика для дослідження ідентифікації респондентів – представників певних етносів з певними культурними укладами; перевірена її надійність і валідність, що дає підстави для використання цього опитувальника як діагностичного інструменту. Проте інтерпретація результатів передбачає наявність спеціалізованих знань в області психології розвитку та етнокультурної психології. Тому цю методику краще використовувати психологам, але можливе і використання не спеціалістами при попередній підготовці.
Animal Models of Psychiatric Disorders: A Literature Review
Authors: Patel Arnavi
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Animal models have been used in many areas of research to provide insights into mechanisms and treatments for various disorders and diseases. For example, animals are often used in other areas of psychology, such as learning, with examples such as Pavlov’s dogs and Skinner’s rats. Further, animals have also been noted to exhibit psychiatric disorders that are frequently observed in humans, such as depression and anxiety. However, the use of animal models in other less studied fields of psychiatric research is unclear. This poses the questions: is the use of animals effective in studies of common mental health disorders? If so, what aspects of common mental health disorders do current studies focus on? Further, can disorders that have lower prevalence rates also be studied with the use of animals? This paper reviews the use of animals in the study of obsessive-compulsive related disorders of addiction, eating disorders, and trichotillomania (a disorder of compulsive hair-pulling) to answer these questions.
Methods: Addiction, eating disorders, and trichotillomania were examined based on ease of study in non-human animals, and sufficient available literature. Nine articles for each disorder were examined to determine types of animals used, and the purpose of animal models in the study.
Results: Research shows animal models are often used to study the etiology, genetics, mechanisms, and neurochemistry of psychiatric disorders. Animal models have high validity and translate well to humans. However, treatments of psychiatric disorders are less studied using animal models.
Discussion: The review of the current literature suggests animal models are effective in studies of addiction, eating disorders, and trichotillomania. Animal models can be developed to inform various aspects of psychiatric disorders and should be expanded to include studies examining treatments as well. Further, food addiction also should be further assessed using animal models.
Conclusion: Overall, animal models are useful in studying various aspects of psychiatric disorders and should continue to be used for those less commonly studied. Future studies with animal models should focus on psychiatric disorders that involve compulsive, repetitive behaviours.
Practical Applications of the Understanding of Foreign Cultures in Japanese-language Teachings
Authors: Xing Junjie
Published: June 2021

Due to differences in cultural patterns, backgrounds, and thinking styles, it is difficult to learn foreign languages. By integrating the understanding of foreign culture into Japanese-language teachings, students may be able to use Japanese in a more standardized manner based on the understanding of Japanese culture; hence, improving their Japanese proficiency. This article explored the practical strategies of understanding foreign cultures in Japanese-language teachings in hope of helping students improve their Japanese proficiency.
Problems and Suggestions for the Scientific Research Management System of Universities
Authors: Zhao Liang
Published: June 2021

The revolution of science and technology in the new era is rising. New industries, formats, and models led by information technology are emerging. Scientific research has entered the fourth data-intensive paradigm. As an important part of the science and technology innovation system, universities also have new requirements for their scientific research management system. In this article, it is suggested that the efficiency and quality of scientific research management in universities could be enhanced by reconstructing the organizational structure of scientific research management, improve the service capabilities of scientific research managers, perfecting the scientific research evaluation system, and innovating the management model of cross-research teams.
Ways to Improve the Teaching Ability of College Teachers in the New Era
Authors: Meng Zhaohong , Wang Xiaomin , Zhou Jia
Published: June 2021

The teaching ability of college teachers is analyzed and there is a realization of the necessity to improve the teaching ability in colleges and universities in view of the new era. The core purpose of this paper is to summarize the factors that affect the teachers’ teaching ability, construct targeted strategies to improve the comprehensive quality of college teachers, as well as to provide reference for educational innovation and the education system reform.
Quantitative Stock Selection Model Based on Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Network
Authors: Wu Xiao , Tang Yanqiu
Published: June 2021

This article attempted to construct a multi-factor quantitative stock selection model, analyze the financial indicators and transaction data of listed companies in detail via the big data statistical test method, and to find out the alpha excess return relative to the market in the case of short stock index futures as a hedge in the Chinese market.