bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro maturation of collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) oocytes after different incubation times
Authors: Borges Alana A. , Santos Maria V.O. , Queiroz Neta Luiza B. , Oliveira Moacir F. , Silva Alexandre R. , Pereira Alexsandra F.
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT: Oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) is the first step of the in vitro reproductive technologies that enables mature oocytes to be generated ex vivo and after used for embryo production. In this sense, the establishment of culture environment, as oocyte incubation time, is essential for the success of the IVM. Therefore, the study was carried out to investigate the relationship between the meiotic potential and the IVM times of collared peccary oocytes, wild mammals of great commercial and ecological interest. Thus, ovaries were collected of females derived from captivity and transported to the laboratory within 1 hour of slaughtering. The oocytes derived from follicles (3-6mm in diameter) were recovered by aspirated and sliced. Good quality oocytes (evenly granulated cytoplasm with a least one layer of surrounding cumulus cells) were selected and subjected to culture in TCM 199 supplemented with 10µg/mL FSH, 10% FBS and 100µM cysteamine at 38.5°C, 5% CO2 and maximum humidity for 24 or 48 hours. After the incubation period, the nuclear status, the presence of first polar body and the expansion of cumulus cells of oocytes were assessed. The data obtained were analyzed by Fisher exact test (P<0.05). A total of four sessions (2-3 females per session) were performed, resulting in eighteen aspirated and sliced ovaries with normal morphological characteristics. An oocyte recovery rate of about 83.1% (59/71) was obtained with 3.3 oocytes/ovary and 2.3 viable oocytes/ovary. After different incubation times, differences (P<0.05) were observed in 24 and 48 hours for expansion of the cumulus cells (38.1% vs. 100%), presence of first polar body (52.4% vs. 90.5%) and nuclear status in second metaphase (19.0% vs. 76.2%), respectively. In conclusion, 48 hours is suitable time for the in vitro maturation of oocytes derived from collared peccaries when compared to the time of 24 hours, according to the meiotic potential observed. Additional studies should be conducted to improve the quality of the oocyte culture environment, as medium composition, aiming to obtain viable mature oocytes for other in vitro biotechnologies.
Assessment of serum lactate levels, blood glucose values and blood gas values in sheep, newborn lambs and placenta
Authors: Silva Leticia Peternelli , Lourenço Maria L.G. , Paula Renata A. , Verdugo Mirela R. , Pereira Keylla H.N.P. , Chiacchio Simone B.
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT: Newborn animals, in the fetal-to-neonatal transition, usually face several challenges in their first 24 hours, including issues with acid-base balance, glycemic levels and oxygenation. Difficulties to overcome such issues have caused several deaths among newborns. Therefore, studies have been carried out in order to evaluate them. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the serum lactate level in the mother, in the placenta and in the newborn. Moreover, the study measured the lactate level, blood glucose level and blood gas level in the first 24 hours. Tests were carried out right after birth, and at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after. Lactate levels were quite similar to the placental levels (p=0.991) which, in turn, were significantly different from the mother’s (p=0.011). Results showed that, shortly after birth, the production of lactate in the placenta is part of the issue. Along the first 24 hours, the study observed a reduction of the levels of lactate in newborns; the levels were closer to the normal index levels for the species. Regarding the blood gas test results, we observed mild metabolic acidosis at birth; acid-base balance was completely stable at the end of the period.
Territory and domestic ecology among the Kaiowa of Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Silva Alexandra Barbosa da , Mura Fabio
Published: November 2018

Abstract This paper aims to analyse the territorial dynamics resulting from the dissymmetric relationship between two processes of dominialisation in which the Kaiowa are involved in Mato Grosso do Sul. The first is represented by the process of territorialisation established by the creation of indigenous reservations and their management by the State, as well as the simultaneous and correlated formation of rural properties and urban centres. The second process, expresses the indigenous response to the territorialisation, through the ecology of their households, engendering adaptations in the activities of its members and strategies to regain control of their expropriated lands. Under these real conditions, the Kaiowa reflect on the configuration of their territorial spaces by creating important cultural categories related to them, thus revealing that territoriality is not an immanent and/or previously defined structure, but something that is historically constructed.
The Karodaybi Government and its Invincible Warriors: the Munduruku Ipereğ Ayũ Movement versus large construction projects in the Amazon
Authors: Loures Rosamaria
Published: November 2018

Abstract In this article we analyze the context of a territorial dispute in the Brazilian Amazon from the perspective of the resistance strategies of the Munduruku Ipereğ Ayũ Movement in relation to the development model of the Brazilian state. The objective is to understand the rise and action of the Ipereğ Ayũ Movement, its particularities and the ways that it established itself and acts. The Movement is seen as a complex process of cultural recreation, inspired by reviving elements of Munduruku cosmology and traditions, re-elaborated to a current historic context that presents new dangers and threats, but that also creates new uses and meanings. To a large degree, the Munduruku resistance presented here confronts the nation building projects that the dominant classes have for Brazil. The government plans contemplate the Tapajós River as a source of energy resources and as a route for the shipment of commodities through the construction of a series of hydroelectric dams and other large associated projects. On the other hand, the Munduruku Ipereğ Ayũ movement conceives of the Tapajós River in a particular form, considering the resources provided by the river and places in the cosmology of the people. The movement uses a variety of strategies to confront the model imposed by the federal government,
Tapeba: a synthesis of historical ethnography of ethnic territory and subjects
Authors: Barretto Filho Henyo T.
Published: November 2018

Abstract This article summarizes ingredients from previous writings to undertake an ethnography of the process of constitution of the Tabeba ethnic territory, in Caucaia, in the Greater Fortaleza Metropolitan Region, until its recent recognition as an Indigenous Land by the Brazilian government. Considering my ethnographic experience and the various forms of engagement that I have had since the mid-1980s, I describe and analyze the constitution of the Tapebas as a collective political subject and the formalization of their territory. The paper addresses the various ways through which this occurred and highlights the factors that enabled it in various scales. I consider the different regimes to which this people was subjected, their process of ethnic individuation, and their path from stigmatization to their recognition as subjects with rights, by linking with a network of actors. I also highlight the main dimensions and situations that led to this.
ENTRE AUSÊNCIA DE DOENÇA E CUIDADO POSSÍVEL: A SAÚDE SEGUNDO USUÁRIAS DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Miranda Lilian , Silva Luciana Janeiro , Souza Yasmim Furtado de
Published: November 2018

Resumo O artigo apresenta sentidos que usuárias da Estratégia de Saúde da Família atribuem à saúde e sua relação com o cuidado. Utilizou-se o método qualitativo, tomando-se como referencial teórico as discussões de Canguilhem e Winnicott acerca da noção de saúde, bem como apontamentos sobre medicalização da vida. O trabalho de campo foi desenvolvido por meio de entrevistas em profundidade entre maio e julho de 2015 com usuários da Estratégia de Saúde da Família e tratado pela análise hermenêutica. A saúde, relacionada tanto à ausência de doença e ao completo bem-estar, quanto à disposição para enfrentar os sofrimentos inerentes à vida. Coexistem a confiança incondicional na tecnologia médica e a aposta em modos de cuidado intuitivos ou oriundos de relações sociais. O serviço de saúde contribui com o acesso ao tratamento e, simultaneamente, reforça a aposta na prevenção de todos os infortúnios do corpo, bem como a ideia de que o direito à saúde é correlato à responsabilização individual de mantê-la perfeita. Numa cultura marcada pelo individualismo e competitividade, indivíduos que vivem em contextos de profundas injustiças sociais submetem-se a regras de prevenção do risco de adoecer, mas são restritas suas possibilidades de criação de modos singulares de fruição da vida.
Jaws can be referred to as narrow or hypoplastic, but the term “atresia” is inaccurate!
Authors: Consolaro Alberto , Consolaro Renata Bianco
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT In order to lead to insights and discussion on proper use of Orthodontics and Pathology-related terminology, particularly in cases of smaller-than-usual maxilla and mandible - that is, anomalous ones -, this study compared the conceptual meaning of the term “atresia.” It is considered improper when referring to maxilla and mandible with deficient growth compared to development that is satisfactory enough to reach normal size. To identify smaller maxilla and mandible, the most proper and accurate term is hypoplastic maxilla or mandible. This is because “atresia” stands for an anomaly related to lumen blockage in hollow organs, which is not the case for neither maxilla nor mandible. Hypoplastic maxilla or mandible can be properly and specifically referred to as micrognathia.
Protocolo clínico para Serviços de Saúde Auditiva na atenção a adultos e idosos
Authors: Rodrigues-Sato Lyvia Christina Camarotto Battiston , Almeida Katia de
Published: November 2018

RESUMO Objetivo Desenvolver um protocolo clínico para o atendimento ao paciente no processo de seleção, verificação e validação das próteses auditivas e estabelecer a representação gráfica do protocolo por meio de um fluxograma com algoritmos. Método Foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico para levantamento dos procedimentos necessários na elaboração de protocolos clínicos em saúde e quanto aos principais procedimentos em cada etapa do processo de seleção e adaptação de próteses auditivas. Posteriormente, foi realizada a elaboração por extenso do protocolo, que passou pela avaliação de oito fonoaudiólogos quanto ao conteúdo e aplicabilidade. Houve a adequação dos fatores levantados pelos profissionais e elaboração do documento final, além da constituição de um fluxograma com algoritmos do processo. Resultados: O protocolo foi desenvolvido após extenso levantamento de literatura; todos os fonoaudiólogos participantes referiram ser de grande valia a utilização do instrumento em sua prática clínica; e, ao final, houve a constituição do fluxograma com algoritmos, realizada após a elaboração do protocolo por extenso, originando o Procedimento Operacional Padrão no processo de seleção e adaptação de próteses auditivas. Conclusão O protocolo clínico para o atendimento ao paciente no processo de seleção, verificação e validação do uso das próteses auditivas foi desenvolvido e validado por meio de sua aplicação por profissionais, o que gerou, posteriormente, a representação gráfica do protocolo e suas etapas por meio de um fluxograma com algoritmos.
Nadir Görülen Bir Akut Karın Sebebi: Gezici Dalak Torsiyonu
Authors: TAŞCI HALİL İBRAHİM
Published: November 2018

Gezici dalak, dalağın peritoneal
bağlarındaki gevşeklik nedeniyle normal yeri dışında bulunması şeklinde görülen
nadir bir durumdur.  Hastaların çoğu
asemptomatiktirler. Bu yüzden çoğunlukla tanı başka bir sebeple yapılan karın ameliyatı
esnasında konulsa da nadiren hastalar akut karın tablosu ile de acile başvurabilirler.
Bu olgu sunumunda uzun zamandır olan müphem
sol alt kadran ağrısının iki gündür belirginleşmesi ile acile başvuran 26
yaşında kadın hasta takdim edilmiştir. Ameliyat öncesi yapılan tomografide sol
alt kadranda tamamına yakını iskemik hal alan dalak ile uyumlu görünüm saptanan
hasta acil şartlarda ameliyat edilmiş ve splenektomi yapılmıştır. Şikayetleri düzelen
hasta ameliyat sonrası 3. gün sorunsuz şekilde taburcu edilmiştir.

Karında
kitle palpe edilen, kronik tekrarlayıcı karın ağrısı olan hastalarda gezici
dalak,  özellikle akut karın tablosu ile
başvuranlarda ise gezici dalak torsiyonu olabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır. Dalak
enfarktı gelişmemiş olan ve özellikle genç yaştaki vakalarda dalak koruyucu
yöntemler tercih edilmelidir.
Genç Sporcu Takım Sargınlığı Ölçeği’nin (GSTSÖ) Psikometrik Özellikleri: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: SEZER Umut , KOCAEKŞİ Serdar
Published: November 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, Genç Spor Çevre Envanteri (GSÇE)’nin (Youth Sport Environment
Questionnaire) Türkçeye uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin
incelenmesidir. GSÇE, genç sporcuların takım sargınlığı algılarını
değerlendirmek üzere geliştirilmiş bir ölçme aracıdır. Çalışmaya futbol,
basketbol ve voleybol takım sporlarında mücadele eden 70 kadın (xYaş: 14.70±1.09) ve 180 erkek (xYaş: 15.41±1.15) olmak üzere 250 genç
sporcu (xYaş: 15.10±1.16) katılmıştır. GSÇE, 9’lu
likert tipinde değerlendirilen, 2 alt boyut (sosyal sargınlık, görev
sargınlığı) ve 18 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde, doğrulayıcı
faktör analizi (DFA), Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı, düzeltilmiş
madde-toplam korelâsyonları, Ortalama Açıklanan Varyans (AVE) değeri ve
Birleşik Güvenirlik (CR) katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Envanterin dilsel
eşdeğerliği ve okunabilirlik düzeyi incelenmiştir. Envanterin yapı geçerliğine
ilişkin bulgular, orijinal ölçekteki iki faktörlü yapıyı destekler niteliktedir (x2/sd=2.36, RMSEA=0.074, SRMR=0.06,
NNFI=0.909, GFI=0.893, CFI=0.923). Envantere ilişkin iç tutarlık düzeyinin
yüksek (Cronbach's α > .87), yakınsak ve ayrışım geçerliklerinin yeterli
düzeyde olduğu ortaya çıkmış, dilsel eşdeğerliği sağladığı görülmüştür. Sonuç
olarak, GSÇE’nin, genç sporcuların takım sargınlığı algılarını değerlendirmek
üzere, orijinal ölçekteki gibi iyi ve yeterli düzeyde psikometrik özelliklere
sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Cloud Computing in Singapore: Key Drivers and Recommendations for a Smart Nation
Authors: Ng Reuben
Published: November 2018

Cloud computing adoption enables big data applications in governance and policy. Singapore’s adoption of cloud computing is propelled by five key drivers: (1) public demand for and satisfaction with e-government services; (2) focus on whole-of-government policies and practices; (3) restructuring of technology agencies to integrate strategy and implementation; (4) building the Smart Nation Platform; (5) purpose-driven cloud applications especially in healthcare. This commentary also provides recommendations to propel big data applications in public policy and management: (a) technologically, embrace cloud analytics, and explore “fog computing”—an emerging technology that enables on-site data sense-making before transmission to the cloud; (b) promote regulatory sandboxes to experiment with policies that proactively manage novel technologies and business models that may radically change society; (c) on the collaboration front, establish unconventional partnerships to co-innovate on challenges like the skills-gap—an example is the unprecedented partnership led by the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy with the government, private sector and unions.
On the pathogenesis of thromboses in antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Sukontseva T. A. , Kaplina O. Yu.
Published: November 2018

Antiphospholipid antibodies (AFA) are a heterogeneous group of autoantibodies produced humans under various pathological conditions; the main one of those is the antiphospholipid syndrome. AFA cause a number of serious complications, such as thrombosis, pathology of pregnancy and childbirth, multisystem damage to organs and tissues. Thrombosis caused by AFA can develop both in the venous and arterial circulation, and are characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates.
Spatio-Temporal EEG Markers for Recognition Auditory Images in Norm and Psychopathology
Authors: Belskaya Ksenia A , Surovitskaya Yuliya V , Lytaev Sergey A
Published: November 2018

The psychophysiological mechanisms of cognitive processes dysfunctions remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to modeling spatial-temporal parameters of coherent EEG assessment during auditory recognition in normal conditions and psychopathology. 40 healthy subjects and 72 patients with homogeneous psychopathological states depressive nature (average age of 34 ± 3.4 years) using the standard and original research methods were investigated. Individual-psychological characteristics and the severity of cognitive defect was evaluated according to the clinical interview, research verbal memory, the traditional methods of evaluating situational and personal anxiety, the differential diagnosis of depression. The study was conducted in St Petersburg “Psycho-Neurological Clinic No 1”. We have used the original method of studying the perception of auditory images, audiometry, computer electroencephalography with multidimensional mathematical treatment and psychological analysis of higher mental functions in patients with paranoid schizophrenia and control normal subjects. Analysis of coherence alpha- and beta-EEG rhythms in solving cognitive tasks for recognition of auditory images revealed that the functional interaction of the cortical areas normally significantly increased compared to background EEG. The features of the topography of functional relationships of alpha- and beta-EEG rhythms in the perception of auditory information are confirmed. Focuses interactions are recorded in the frontal areas. It marked the integration of these frontal zones with front associative cortex and temporal areas of the left hemisphere, as well as parietal and occipital areas of both hemispheres. At psychopathology reducing the number of coherent communications, violation of the formation of foci of coherence was registered.
Metaphylaxis Of Stone Disease In Smartphone Or Russian mHEALTH
Authors: Gadzhiev Nariman K , Brovkin Sergei S , Grigoryev Vladislav E , Dmitriev Vladimir V , Malkhasyan Vigen A , Shkarupa Dmitriy D , Pisarev Aleksei V , Mazurenko Denis A , Obidnyak Vladimir M , Popov Sergei V , Tagirov Nair S , Korol Valeriy D , Petrov Sergey B
Published: November 2018

Goal: to develop mobile application for patients with kidney stone for compliance maintenance and possible reduction of recurrence rate. Material and methods. Existing mobile applications for urolithiasis were meticulously reviewed by three groups of doctors each from different urological facilities from Saint Petersburg, Russia. Information used in our mobile application was from main urolithiasis guidelines of different urological associations. Direct application development was done by professional programmers. After application release urologist from all over the Russia were questioned about the usefulness of this product. Results. As a result of combined work application “Urolithiasis: patient assistant” was produced. Among 102 respondents 96 % evaluated this application as very useful, 3 % as useful and only 1 % considered it as a weak tool. Conclusion. Application “Urolithiasis: patient assistant” being first and single in Russian language consists of tools for compliance maintenance and plenty of other useful information regarding recurrence risk reduction and thus may be used in patients with kidney stones.
Factors Affect on development and clinical course of ischemic stroke in children
Authors: Minin Alexey V , Palchik Alexander B , Plotnikova Svetlana D
Published: November 2018

Child strokes cause persistent neurologic impairment affecting on quality of life. Prophylaxis cerebral infarction in children promoted by Identification of factors influencing on development of ischemic stroke. 47 children with arterial ischemic stroke confirmed by MRI or CT was enrolled in cohort study. All children has focal neurological symptomatic which was assessed by pedNIHSS, PSOM, British muscular strength scale. General cerebral symptoms precede focal neurologic impairments in 67% cases. Fact of head trauma was documented in 55% observed children. Seizures occurs in 24% cases in acute period ischemic stroke. As major part of children had lacunar infarction in middle cerebral artery origin, so motor dysfunctions was admitted in clinical curse of general cases. By neuroimaging data we defined lacunar infarctions mainly in basal ganglia, thalamus and internal capsule. In the rest 5 cases - in cortex, white matter, frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, cerebellum and brain stem. In 10 children during observation over time the secondary haemorrhage at ischaemic site was detected. Besides post-ischemic alterations additional structural features was assessed in neuroimaging study. Calcification in white mater of brain was reviled in one third children with ischemic stroke (33,4%). Overwhelming majority calcifications in white mater of brain was diagnosed in lenticular-striatal arteries infarctions. Latent factors structure influenced on severity neurologic outcomes was received by partial least square method (PLS). Acquired data emphasize importance of mind depression, vertigo, dysphagia as poor outcome predictors.
Comparative Analysis of Effectiveness of Lung Sonography and Chest Radiography for Diagnosis of Lung Diseases in Infants
Authors: Akinshin Ivan I , Sinelnikova Elena V , Mohammad Ahlam A , Rotar Alla Yu , Stolova Emilia N , Solodkova Irina V , Chasnyk Vyacheslav G
Published: November 2018

The study included 39 children with pulmonary diseases (respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and neonatal pneumonia) of both sexes, aged 1-111 days (experimental group) and 84 children aged 1-166 days with diseases not associated with heart and lung lesions (control group). Group of children with lung disorders included respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and congenital pneumonia. Children with respiratory distress syndrome and congenital pneumonia were examined in the first days after birth. Children in this group were underweight at birth (from 680 g, the majority with a weight of up to 1600 g), their state at the time of the first survey was qualified as severe. About a quarter of children with lung disorders and had a congenital heart disease. The most informative dates for the description of a condition of newborn’s lungs is were the strengthening of pulmonary drawing on the roentgenogram at the expense of an interstitial component, decrease of pneumatization of lung tissue and the size of total area of airless subpleural lung tissue at ultrasound investigation. Lung ultrasound provides accurate information about the amount density of B-lines and areas of consolidation in the lungs and is comparable with the radiological diagnostic characteristics which become the basis for more complicated differential diagnostics of the pulmonary disorders. This will allow physicians to specify certain indications for an ultrasonic exam of the lungs, optimize diagnostic means, and more clearly formulate conclusive rules in the differential diagnostic process.
Autosomal-recessive polycystic kidney disease in children
Authors: Andreeva Elvira F , Savenkova Nadejda D , Tilouche Mohamed A , Natochina Natalya Y , Dug Igor V
Published: November 2018

The aim of the study was to assess the features of development of renal and extrarenal cysts, arterial hypertension, syndrome of portal hypertension in autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) in children. Patients and me­thods. With the aim of establishing the type of inheritance of polycystic kidney disease the genealogical analysis of 12 families, clinical ultrasound of the kidneys and abdominal organs, computed tomography. The study included 14 children with ARPKD. Conducted follow-up study of 14 children with ARPKD to determine the age by the detection of cysts based on ultrasound, the features of the initial clinical manifestations and course, complications and outcome.Results: the Age of the children back to the time of detection of the cysts in the kidneys based on ultrasound when ARPKD was 2.3 ± 0.4 month. Identified a high incidence of arterial hypertension in neonates and infants with ARPKD at 92.9%. Extrarenal location of the cysts is set at 71.4%. Syndrome of portal hypertension, bleeding from varicose veins of esophagus and stomach, melanau installed in 5 (35,7%) children. Of the 14 in 5 (35,7%) patients diagnosed ARPKD children with liver fibrosis, which has a favorable prognosis without the formation of renal failure in infants and early childhood, 9 (64,3%) diagnosed with classic ARPKD in neonates and infants that is characterized by progression to end-stage renal disease in the first year of life.
Soliton Solutions of Space-Time Fractional-Order Modified Extended Zakharov-Kuznetsov Equation in Plasma Physics
Authors: Ali Muhammad Nasir , Husnine Syed Muhammad , Noor Sana , Ak Turgut
Published: November 2018

The aim of this article is to calculate the soliton solutions of space-time fractional-order modified extended Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation which is modeled to investigate the waves in magnetized plasma physics. Fractional derivatives in the form of modified Riemann-Liouville derivatives are used. Complex fractional transformation is applied to convert the original nonlinear partial differential equation into another nonlinear ordinary differential equation. Then, soliton solutions are obtained by using (1/G')-expansion method. Bright and dark soliton solutions are also obtain with ansatz method. These solutions may be of significant importance in plasma physics where this equation is modeled for some special physical phenomenon.
Network Routing on Regular Directed Graphs from Spanning Factorizations
Authors: Dougherty Randall , Faber Vance
Published: November 2018

Networks with a high degree of symmetry are useful models for parallel processor networks. In earlier papers, we defined several global communication tasks (universal exchange, universal broadcast, universal summation) that can be critical tasks when complex algorithms are mapped to parallel machines. We showed that utilizing the symmetry can make network optimization a tractable problem. In particular, we showed that Cayley graphs have the desirable property that certain routing schemes starting from a single node can be transferred to all nodes in a way that does not introduce conflicts. In this paper, we define the concept of spanning factorizations and show that this property can also be used to transfer routing schemes from a single node to all other nodes. We show that all Cayley graphs and many (perhaps all) vertex transitive graphs have spanning factorizations.
Awareness of dental fluorosis among undergraduate dental students in Riyadh region: a survey based study
Authors: AlDaiji Reem , Alotaibi Malak , Alnowaiser Dania , Albahely Rawan , Bachat Rama , Alshayea Alaa , Alotaibi Fatima
Published: November 2018

Background: Fluoride protects the teeth from dental caries using the needed amount of fluoride products.Methods: A Modified structured questionnaire has been validated through a pilot trial (20 responses) prior to administration that contains16 questions was distributed. Other than the demographics, the data were collected from 500 participants including undergraduate male and female dental students.Results: The majority described the mild fluorosis appearance in the teeth according to Dean’s index appropriately as white opacity of the enamel (64%, n=320). On the other hand, only 31.1% (n=155) and 46% (n=229) described the moderate and severe fluorosis appearance in the teeth according to Dean’s index appropriately.Conclusions: The dissemination and education about dental fluorosis is urgently needed and should be tailored to reach this population. The knowledge about causes of fluoride and the effect on dental fluorosis should be presented in the education.
Матричный подход к управлению в сфере жилищно-коммунальных услуг на примере городов Кузбасса
Authors: Симченко Наталия Александровна , Ганченко Диана Николаевна
Published: November 2018

В статье представлена оценка применения современных подходов к управлению в сфере жилищно-коммунальных услуг (далее – ЖКУ) и обоснована необходимость использования матричного подхода, с целью определения дальнейших направлений развития исследуемой сферы в конкретных муниципальных образованиях. Базовые матрицы предполагают проведение классификации территорий по уровню развития сферы ЖКУ (развитая, благополучная, типичная, депрессивная, кризисная) и определения векторов развития. Для городов Кемеровской области дана классификация городов на основе матричного подхода, составлена сводная матрица, позволяющая определить статус городов по уровню развития сферы и основные направления развития, и имеющая практическое значение при разработке стратегий и программ развития сферы.
Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol in the Presence of Ru-Containing Catalysts Based on New Zeolite-like Materials
Authors: Kurchenko Yu. V. , Simakova I. L. , Demidova Yu. S. , Panchenko V. N. , Timofeeva M. N.
Published: November 2018

Liquid-phase catalytic hydrogenation of furfural to industrially important furfuryl alcohol was studied at 30 and 50 °C and 2 to 24 atm hydrogen pressure in the presence of Ru-containing catalysts based on new zeolite-like materials such as nickel-phosphate molecular sieves (VSB-5 and Fe-VSB-5) and zirconium-containing organometallic frameworks (UiO-66(Zr)-R, R = H and NH2), as well as materials based on carbon support Sibunit (for comparison). The yield of furfural was shown to depend on the support nature and to increase in the series: Ru/UiO-66(Zr)-NH2 < Ru/UiO-66(Zr) < Ru/Fe-VSB-5 < Ru/VSB-5. The influence of the hydrogen pressure and temperature on selectivity to furfural alcohol was studied.
Key Stages of the Formation of AlPO4-11 via Crystallization of Aluminophosphate Gel Prepared with Boehmite
Authors: Agliullin M. R. , Khairullina Z. R. , Faizullin A. V. , Petrov A. I. , Badretdinova A. A. , Talzi V. P. , Kutepov B. I.
Published: November 2018

The one-dimensional channel pore system and the moderately strong acid centers inherent in aluminophosphate (AlPO4-11) and silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO-11) molecular sieves make them promising catalyst for hydroisomerization of higher n-paraffins. However, the mechanism of crystallization of these materials is not well understood as yet. XRD,27Al and31P MAS NMR, lowtemperature adsorption-desorption of nitrogen, and SEM techniques were used for the first time for studying the stage crystallization of aluminophosphate AlPO4-11 for commercial boehmite based aluminium source. AlPO4-11 was shown to form via an intermediate phase based on layered crystalline aluminophosphate. It was established that highly crystalline and phase-pure AlPO4-11 was formed at 200 °C during 6 to 24 hours. When the crystallization at 200 °C lasted for more than two days, AlPO4-11 turned into non-porous cristobalite. The results obtained will be used for developing methods for deliberate control of the phase composition and crystallinity of industrially important silicoaluminophosphate sieves SAPO-11 with required properties to develop promising catalysts based thereon for large-scale processes of hydroisomerization of n-paraffins.
The Controversies, Challenges and Complexities of Lyme Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Van Hout Marie Claire
Published: November 2018

Purpose: Lyme disease has become an increasingly important global public health concern. Method: A narrative review was conducted and designed to present a broad perspective on Lyme disease, and describe its history and development in terms of clinical care and public health implications. A structured literature search was conducted based on the question; what is currently known about Lyme disease? Results: The narrative review is presented in chronological order in terms of a summary of the history of Lyme disease, the complexities of clinical diagnosis, the problematic interpretation of serologic testing, the conflicting guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and management of chronic Lyme, and benefits of antibiotic treatment. Conclusion: Despite growing global incidence of the Lyme disease, treatment has not attracted pharmaceutical investment, and the evidence base and international guidelines for treatment and management of chronic Lyme continue to be conflicting and controversial. The challenges of this immune mediated tick borne disease for public health policy and clinical practice are summarised, alongside directions for future research.
Determination of the Frequency of Adhesion Virulence Factors in Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) Strains Isolated from Hospitalized Patients in Babol
Authors: Shafigh Maryam , Akrami Fariba , Ebrahimzadeh Namvar Amirmorteza
Published: November 2018

Background and Aims: Uropathogenic E.coli is one of the most known causes of urinary tract infections, which may lead to a high rate of morbidity and mortality in high risk patients. In this regard, the virulence factors such as bacterial adhesion molecules have a critical role. The current study was intended to determine the molecular properties of adhesion genes in Uropathogenic E.coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Babol, north of Iran.
Materials and Methods: During a nine-months of study, 90 Uropathogenic E.coli strains were confirmed by differential biochemical and microbiological standard tests, antimicrobial susceptibility test, and molecular PCR assay were obtained for evaluating the frequency of adhesion genes.
Results: According to the results, the highest rate of resistance and susceptibility were belonged to penicillin and imipenem respectively. On the other hand, the percentage of fimH gene among other virulence genes was reported to be 66%.
Conclusions: The present study showed that a high level of Uropathogenic E.coli isolates which harbored the adhesion factors may lead to distribution of multiple antimicrobial resistance strains.
Anthropometric Indicators of the Elementary School Students in Yazd: A Comparison with WHO Standards
Authors: Vakili Mahmood , Mirzaei Mohsen , Arbabzadeh Farhad , Amirheidari Mahrouz
Published: November 2018

Background: Application of growth indicators taken from other countries can cause misdiagnosis of underweight and stunting. In this study we compared the trend of anthropometric growth indicators between the elementary school students of Yazd with the international standards. Methods: The study population of this retrospective cohort study consisted of 591 primary school children in Yazd (285 girls and 306 boys) who were selected by multistage random sampling. The studied indicators were physical growth height, weight and body mass index (BMI) recorded in the participants' health certificate within the five years of primary school education. Furthermore, we compared the results with the WHO standards. Results: The 3rd and 50th weight-for-age percentiles were roughly compatible with the WHO percentiles, but the 97th percentile was higher than it. All height-for-age percentiles for boys and girls, except for those who were 11 years, were higher than the WHO percentiles. The 3rd and 50th BMI percentiles for girls up to seven years of age were lower than the WHO percentiles; whereas, the 50th percentile for participants who aged seven years and older and the 97th percentile, except for those who aged 11 years, were higher than the WHO percentiles. The 3rd and 50th BMI percentiles for boys up to nine years of age were lower than the WHO percentiles, but the 50th percentile for those who aged nine years and over as well as the 97th percentile for all ages were higher than the WHO percentiles. Conclusion: The weight and BMI indicators obtained in this study were different from the WHO standards. This highlights the need for development and use of native reference curves regarding the anthropometric indicators for children in Iran.
Salt Content in Traditional and Nontraditional Breads in Yazd City, Iran, 2015-2016
Authors: Mahdieh Namayandeh Seyedeh , Hassan Lotfi Mohammad , Jafari Vahid , Dad Vali , Biabani Javad , Hossein Razi Mohammad , Sadat Sangsefidi Zohreh
Published: November 2018

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature death in the 21st century. Dietary factors, such as high salt intake, are related to increased risk of CVDs{Akpolat, 2009 #21}. One of the main sources of dietary salt is bread. On the other hand, salt content is a quality indicator of bread. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the salt content in a variety of consumed breads in Yazd city, Iran. Methods: This study was a cross sectional research conducted in Yazd. The list of the bakeries obtained from their industry office. Ten percent of about 600 bakeries in Yazd (62 bakeries; 2 samples in each bakery) were selected using simple random sampling based on sample frame of ID number of each bakery. Finally, 9 types of bread included in this study. Sodium content was measured using flame photometer method. Salt content in breads was reported in each 100 g bread. Results: It was found that Nan-Taftoon Tanuri is the most popular bread among traditional breads in Yazd (45.2%). It had significantly more salt than Nan-Fantezi and Nan-Sangak (P < 0.02). Also, Nan-Sangak had the least salt among traditional breads. However, the mean salt of traditional breads was more than the standard level (1g salt/100g bread (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The current study showed that the mean salt content of traditional breads was significantly more than the standard level. Furthermore, Nan-TaftoonTanuri had significantly more salt than others, such as Nan-Fantezi and Nan-Sangak.
The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Anthropometric Indices among 2-5 Year Old Children in Tehran
Authors: Razmpoosh Elham , Khosravi Hadiseh , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh
Published: November 2018

Background: Malnutrition in children including lower nutrient intakes or high density food intakes is of recent world concerns; therefore, determining a simple index that reveals the diet adequacy might be an advantage. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 233 children aged 2-5 years old. A  24-hour dietary questionnaire was used to calculate mean adequacy ratio (MAR), naturally nutrient rich (NNR) and energy density (ED) via related formula. Results: A significant negative trend was observed for the relationship between the MAR and the Z-score of height for age. Significant positive relations were observed between the Z-score of body mass index (BMI) for age and the Z-score of weight for height as well as the Z-score of weight for age and the Z-score of height for age. In contrast, a significant negative correlation was between the energy density and MAR (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the Z-score based on the NNR, MAR and ED, these three indices might be widely used to determine the adequacy of food intakes especially among children.
Improvement of the Oxidative Stability of Sesame Oil Using Spirulina as a Natural Antioxidant
Authors: Omidi Shima , Sarhadi Hamid , Shahdadi Fatemeh
Published: November 2018

Background: Nowadays, natural antioxidants are used to replace synthetic antioxidants for delaying or preventing the oxidation of edible oils. In this study, phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of methanol extracts of Spirulina microalgae (Arthrospira platensis) were measured. Methods: Phenolic content was measured by Folin–Ciocalteau method and antioxidant activity was measured by the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Also, spirulina microalgae as natural antioxidant, was added to sesame oil for improving its oxidative stability. The effects of methanol extract of these microalgae in four concentrations (0, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm) and synthetic antioxidants of butylated hydroxyl anyzole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in two levels (100 and 200 ppm) in retarding the sesame oil oxidation were examined. Results: The results showed that spirulina extract had 50.54 mg gallic acid/g samples total phenols and antiradical activity (84.38%). By increasing the concentration of the extracts, the oxidation process decreased. Methanol extract at 1000 ppm concentration had the highest antiradical activity than other concentrations and its antiradical activity was alike the synthesis antioxidant of BHA. By Increasing of storage period, peroxide values in 500 and 1000 ppm of spirulina extracts first increased then decreased and in other treatment increased. During storage time thiobarbituric acid index increased. However, this increase was higher in control treatment than others. Conclusion: According to the stated content, it can be said that methanol extracts of spirulina have appropriate antioxidant properties and spirulina can be used as a natural antioxidant to improve the oxidative stability of sesame oil.
Investigating the Effect of Spirulina Platensis Microalgae on Textural and Sensory Properties of Baguette Bread
Authors: Sanjari Somayeh , Sarhadi Hamid , Shahdadi Fatemeh
Published: November 2018

Background: Spirulina platensis is a photosynthetic microalgae with fibrous filamentous that belongs to the cyanobacteria family. In this study, we investigated the effects of ethanol and methanol extracts as well as the powder of spirulina platensis microelements on the sensory and texture properties of the bread. Methods: In order to determine the texture characteristics, we applied a texture analyser and conducted the Texture Profile Analysis test (Double-Density Compression). Sensory evaluation (hedonic scale 1−5) of the samples was performed by 10 trained panelists. Results: The results showed that use of spirulina microalgae in the formulation of bread altered the tissue properties significantly compared with the control sample. Addition of the spirulina decreased the hardness of the bread compared to the control sample. Moreover, addition of the methanol extract resulted in the highest adhesiveness, while addition of ethanol extract and spirulina microalgae powder led to the highest springiness rate among the samples. The highest and lowest amounts of gumminess were observed in bread samples containing spirulina microalgae powder and control treatments, respectively. The control sample received the highest score regarding all of the sensory features. Samples with spirulina powder received the lowest sensory properties. Conclusion: We can produce spirulina fortified bread with desirable nutritional and sensory characteristics.
The Scalable Image Retrieval Systems and Applications
Authors: Pillay Karan Ravindran , Khadilkar Omkar Upendra
Published: November 2018

Advances in information storage and image acquisition technologies have enabled the creation of enormous image datasets. during this situation, it's necessary to develop applicable data systems to with efficiency manage these collections. the most typical approaches use the supposed Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems. Basically, these systems attempt to retrieve pictures like a user-defined specification or pattern (e.g., form sketch, image example). Their goal is to support image retrieval supported content properties (e.g., shape, color, texture), typically encoded into feature vectors. one among the most benefits of the CBIR approach is that the chance of AN automatic retrieval method, rather than the standard keyword-based approach, thattypically needs terribly toilsome and long previous annotation of info pictures. The CBIR technology has been utilized in many applications like fingerprint identification, variety data systems, digital libraries, crime bar, medicine, historical analysis, among others.
Research on the multi energy complementation of wind power consumption
Authors: Zheng Jingfeng
Published: November 2018

Multi energy complementation has gradually become a research hotspot in the future power system. For the whole multi energy complementary system, its fundamental purpose is to consider the stability of the overall power output. In this paper, the composition of multi energy complementary energy and the form of multi energy complementary function are analyzed, and the minimum mathematical model of the whole power fluctuation is established. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to carry out a simulation study in a certain area of Xinjiang. It is concluded that the multi energy complementation is an effective means to improve the quality of wind power distribution and to solve the problem of abandoning the wind. Through the combination of clean energy forms such as solar energy and hydropower, the use value of new energy is fully developed, and the use of traditional fossil energy is reduced, and the wind power consumption has a positive effect.
Valoración de los regímenes de trabajo y descanso. Caso de estudio: Varadero (Cuba)
Authors: Real Pérez Grether Lucía , Hassan Marrero Nadima , Regueira Lezcano Mercedes Dania , Hidalgo Avila Argelio Antonio
Published: November 2018

Los regímenes de trabajo y descanso (rtd) son un factor necesario para alcanzar altos niveles de productividad y bienestar laboral, de ahí la importancia de su estudio. El objetivo de esta investigación fue valorar los rtd de los trabajadores de una empresa hotelera en el polo turístico de Varadero. El método de investigación fue de inducción científica, analítico y sintético. El estudio consideró las áreas de recepción, camareras de piso y meseros. Los instrumentos de investigación empleados fueron la encuesta de valoración de los elementos del descanso, la Prueba de Yoshitake, la fotografía individual y la estimación del tiempo de descanso según la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (oi t). El análisis de los datos, siguiendo los instrumentos estadísticos, permitió el cálculo del tiempo total de descanso: 45, 40 y 30 minutos para camareras, meseros y recepción, respectivamente. Un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de los efectos negativos para los trabajadores permitió la propuesta de los ajustes para su distribución en la jornada laboral de los grupos de trabajo estudiados en la empresa hotelera.
Implicaciones del ingreso de Colombia a la OCDE
Authors: Vallejo Zamudio Luis E.
Published: November 2018

La Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) surgió en la posguerra por iniciativa de los líderes europeos, quienes consideraron que para alcanzar una paz duradera, lo mejor era “fomentar la cooperación y la recuperación, en vez de castigar a los vencidos”.
Costa Rica, de la educación especial a la educación inclusiva. Una mirada histórica
Authors: Deliyore Vega María del Rocío
Published: November 2018

La educación especial en América Latina se encuentra en un momento de constante transformación, cuyos cambios se han suscitado debido a la evolución en el concepto de discapacidad y al surgimiento del nuevo paradigma de educación inclusiva. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar un recuento de dicha transformación, centrando su atención en los cambios costarricenses de la disciplina y analizando los desafíos que aún prevalecen. Para ello, se realiza una investigación histórica de revisión documental centrada en la contrastación y la validación de fuentes. Tras analizar la evolución conceptual de la discapacidad y la educación especial en Costa Rica y América Latina, se concluye que prevalecen servicios segregacionistas a la vez que emergen servicios de educación inclusiva, haciendo necesario un análisis epistemológico de la educación especial en Costa Rica que determine las nuevas miradas de la disciplina e impulse cambios contundentes en virtud de defender los derechos humanos de las personas en condición de discapacidad.