bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posthumanismo y búsquedas autocompletadas
Authors: Sánchez Pablo
Published: July 2020

Este texto tiene la intención de exponer algunosdesafíos del posthumanismo de Braidotti, señalar sus características, trazar algunos puentes con el diseño digital y, acogiéndose a su política afirmativa, hacer una humilde propuesta de espacio de diseño ético-político compatible con su visión del mundo en la era del Antropoceno. En la primera parte se busca situar el pensamiento de Braidotti en relación al sujetocomo proceso relacional. En la segunda partese habla de como el movimiento de software libre puede albergar gran parte de los artefactos y dispositivos ético políticos alrededor de los que construir una sociedad con capacidad de creación de una subjetividad relacional ecodependiente e interdependiente, consciente y localizada. Se analiza el impacto del género en los procesos de diseño ligados a los mecanismos sociales digitales y los devenires ligados a la automatización del trabajo como amenaza  del orden social liderada, entre otros factores, por la inteligencia artificial. En este tramp se expone la crisis de diversidad que compone el sector y como el hecho de sustituir cuerpos por identidades no corpóreas puede ayudar a perpetuar el género masculino como única voz apoyándose en la ilusión de neutralidad.

En todas estas construcciones tecnológicas el diseñador tiene un rol crucial. Para poder acudir desde el diseño a la llamada a las políticas afirmativas que demanda Braidotti, los diseñadores debemos aceptar nuestra responsabilidad en el desafío posthumanista y proponer diseños  y procesos que garanticen la subjetividad ética y política de seres ecodependientes e interdependientes, localizados y autoorganizados, lejos de las lógicas del capitalismo pero abrazando las capacidades tecnológicas y científicas entendidas bajo `´procesos sostenibles e iterativos en consonancia con un planeta finito.
Sistem Informasi Hutang Piutang (Studi Kasus:Perusahaan XYZ)
Authors: Purwanto Eko , Permatasari Hanifah
Published: July 2020

XYZ Company in the process of delivering receivable payable information is done by the way, the Director came directly to the company to know the due date receivable payable still using the manual system by admin seeing the accounts payable one by one. As a result, the information of due date receivable payables is less quickly submitted to the owner of the company.

 The puspose of designing and building a system of receivable payable information on Batik Rahmawati  Company is, that the system expected would provide quickly and correctly information to the company.

In this research, the researcher proposed the use of web-based accountspayable information system to provide receivable payable information to owner and the due date of receivable payable information of the accounts payable to the supplier or customer. The system that has been used is developed to computerize based (towards computerization) by using online web and using the waterfall development system method and by using designtools DFD ( Data Flow Diagram ).

The testing is done by using Black box test which gives result that the web run as expected. The testing user who gives result agrees thet the system of the receivable payable information is feasiable and could help the user knowing the amount of the due date receivable payable. The conclusion  of we-based receivable payable system is, that application could facilitate easilythe owner, suppliers, costomers of XYZ Company to know the receivable payable.
Klasifikasi Kepribadian Pengguna Media Sosial
Authors: Yuliani Enie , Utami Ema , Raharjo Suwanto
Published: July 2020

Media sosial merupakan tempat para penggunanya berbagi hal tentang diri mereka dan pandangan hidup penggunanya. Beberapa penelitian yang memanfaatkan media sosial sebagai objeknya telah dilakukan karena menyadari potensi banyaknya informasi yang bisa digali dari media sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah mungkin melakukan prediksi keribadian berdasarkan media sosial dan melakukan pemodelan klasifikasi kepribadian berdasarkan media sosial. Proses dalam melakukan text mining mulai dari pengumpulan data, pembagian dataset, pre-processing teks, ekstraksi fitur hingga pemilihan algoritma klasifikasi berpengaruh terhadap akurasi prediksi kepribadian yang dilakukan. Memadukan fitur perilaku sosial pengguna media sosial dan fitur linguistik psikologis dapat meningkatkan akurasi dari klasifikasi.
Analisa Sentimen Twitter Menggunakan Algoritma Klasifikasi Pada Promosi Wisata Museum Sangiran Kabupaten Sragen
Authors: Pambudi Yoga Dwi , Winarno Wing Wahyu , Sunyoto Andi
Published: July 2020

Museum Sangiran merupakan tempat wisata andalan di Kabupaten Sragen yang sudah terkenal dalam kanca nasional hingga internasional. Dalam rangka membangun minat dan mempengaruhi niat wisatawan dalam meningkatkan kunjungan wisata di Museum Sangiran maka, diperlukan berbagai macam strategi untuk menyampaikan pesan promosi wisata pada masyarakat. Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang semakin meningkat drastis di era Revolusi Industri 4.0 saat ini sangat berpengaruh dalam berbagai hal termasuk dalam bidang pariwisata dengan memanfaatkan sosial media twitter sebagai jalur promosi. Dalam sosial media twitter terdapat banyak opini yang berisikan pendapat, pikiran maupun kritikan dari para pengguna. Pada penelitian ini berfokus pada opini yang muncul mengenai keadaan dan pelayanan di Kawasan wisata Museum Sangiran Kabupaten Sragen dengan menggunakan analisis sentimen data Twitter dengan harapan memperoleh presepsi masyarakat terhadap kualitas pelayanan yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan evaluasi pengelolaan kawasan wisata. Penggunaan metode Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) digunakan untuk klasifikasi serta menerapkan seleksi fitur menggunakan Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) untuk mengurangi atribut yang tidak relevan. Hasil pengujian pada penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa algoritma Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) dengan seleksi fitur Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) dengan nilai akurasi sebesar 87,91%.
Hormones of Pituitary-Gonadal Axis and Histology of Pituitary Gland Following Oral Treatment of Male Wistar Rats with Glyphosate
Authors: Popoola S O , Sakpa C L
Published: July 2020

There are numerous endocrine disrupting chemicals across the globe among which is the contentious organophosphate called glyphosate. The aim was to analyze the effects of glyphosate on Wistar rat’s pituitary gland and pituitary-gonadal axis. Specific objectives determined male reproductive hormones of Wistar rats exposed to glyphosate; demonstrated possible endocrine disruptive action of glyphosate on Wistar rats and determined effects of glyphosate on histology of pituitary gland. Fifteen male adult Wistar rats of 200g and above used for the study were randomly assigned into three groups A, B and C of 5 rats in each. Group A (control) gavaged with only distilled water. Group B (low dose) and Group C (high dose) were gavaged with 400mg and 2000mg of glyphosate/kg body weight/day respectively. All the rats were treated for 60 days before sacrificing, collection of blood sample and harvesting of tissue for analysis. Collated data were entered into Statistical Package for Social Scientists (version 21) for t-test and test of significance (p<0.05).  Both follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone were significantly decreased in treated rats. The levels of luteinizing hormone, prolactin, oestrogen, progesterone and testosterone/oestrogen ratio statistically increased among treated groups. Adenohypophysis in Group B rats illustrated cellular hyperplasia with mitotic bodies while those of Group C demonstrated fewer cells that are widely separated by connective tissue. This study established glyphosate as an endocrine disrupting chemical. Histological slides of the pituitary gland of treated rats showed some level of abnormality. High-resolute imaging techniques were suggested for better imaging.
Prevalence of Substance Use Disorders among Patients of Accident and Emergency Department of a University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Dapap D D , Audu M D , Obembe A , Goar S
Published: July 2020

Substance abuse and dependence are frequently encountered in emergency units of our hospitals, and it accounts for major health care problems frequently leading to accident and emergency department admission, though it is often missed or not diagnosed. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of drug abuse and dependence among patients attending Accident and Emergency Hospitals and to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of these patients with substance use disorders. A total of 200 consented participants attending the accident and emergency unit of the hospital were recruited into the study consecutively over a 2-week period. They were screened for psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUD) with Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and urine drug test (UDT) in the first phase and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) Instrument was used to make definitive diagnosis in the second stage. The result revealed that the prevalence of substance use disorders was 19.0% (13.0% for substance abuse and 6.0% for substance dependence). The study found that being male (p <0.001), widowed (p ≤0.012), and Christian (p ≤0.006) were associated with substance use disorders among patients presenting at accident and emergency units. The authors concluded that the prevalence of substance use disorders recorded in this study is higher compared to previous study conducted by Mustafa et al in Egypt with 11.5%.  The reason could be due to inclusion of biochemical test (urine drug test) in our screening, whereas only self-report questionnaires were used in their study.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution of Water, Sediments and Algae in River Benue at Jimeta-Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Tyovenda A A , Ikpughul S I , Sombo T
Published: July 2020

Heavy metal pollution of water, sediments and Algae in the upper region of River Benue at Jimeta-Yola, Adamawa state, Nigeria was assessed. The concentrations of the heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Ni, Cu, Cr, Zn, Mn, Fe) in the samples were analyzed using Atomic Adsorption Spectrometer. Pollution parameters such as enrichment factor, contamination factor, pollution load index and geo-accumulation index were evaluated. The result of heavy metal analysis showed that, the concentration (ppm) of the metals in water samples ranged as follows: Pb(0.25-0.50), Hg(0.00-2.00), Ni(0.10-0.31), Cu(0.03-0.13), Cr(0.00-1.33), Zn(0.01-0.04), Mn(0.03-0.06) and Fe(105.15-118.75) respectively. This result when compared with the EPA maximum permissible limits for drinking water showed that, all the metals except Cu and Zn had values above the permissible limits. The evaluation of enrichment factor revealed that, Hg showed extremely high enrichment while Pb showed significant enrichment for Algae, water and sediment samples. The contamination factor showed low contamination for all metals except Hg which showed considerable contamination for sediments, water and Algae samples. The pollution load index for sediments, water and Algae indicated no pollution. The geo-accumulation index of the metals in sediments, water and Algae indicates no or minimal pollution. The samples were enriched with Hg and Pb. These metals are capable of causing various types of cancer, brain and kidney damage among other ailments.
Comparison of Vegetable Oil-Silicone Oil Interfacial Tension Data from the du NoüyRing and the Spinning Drop Methods
Authors: Tyowua A T , Targema M , Binks B P
Published: July 2020

Liquid-liquid interfacial tension is very important in colloid and surface chemistry as it detects the amount of energy required to create a new interface. This makes its measurement very crucial. There are different techniques for measuring it, with the common ones being the du Noüy ring and spinning drop methods. The aim of this work is to compare the low interfacial tension values obtained from the du Noüy ring method with those obtained using the spinning drop method in vegetable oil-silicone oil systems. Low interfacial tension values of various vegetable oil-silicone oil systems were measured with the du Noüy ring and spinning drop methods. The interfacial tension values range from 2.1 to 2.8 mN m‒1 for the du Noüy ring method and 1.0 to 2.7 mN m‒1 for the spinning drop method. These values agree closely)05.0(=p. This shows that both methods can be used for measuring interfacial tension with high accuracy in vegetable oil-silicone oil systems.
THE ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING STYLE
Authors: Wahab Isnaeni , Nuraeni Nuraeni
Published: July 2020

The aim of this research is to find out the types of learning style which students have. The population in this study was the students of English Department in academic year 2017 which amounted to 24 students. The research was conducted at Muslim University of Maros (UMMA), South Sulawesi. This research was a qualitative descriptive research. In collecting the data, the researcher used questionnaires and documents. The questionnaires in this research were used to determine what learning styles were dominated by students in the learning process. The results of the learning style analysis of the students showed that there are 12 (50%) students were categorized as visual learners, 8 (33%) students were categorized as auditory learner, and 4 (16%) students were categorized as visual-auditory learners.
WHATSAPP GROUP AND GOOGLE CLASSROOM-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS IN ENGLISH CLASSES: STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS
Authors: Barus Irma Rasita Gloria , Simanjuntak Marudut Bernadtua
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study is to explore the students’ perception of the use of WhatsApp Group and Google Classroom-based learning in English classes at College of Vocational Studies - IPB University, Bogor. The study was taken for the applied multimedia learning system by the teachers as the authors of this paper. The data were taken from questionnaires of the students’ perception of the implemented based learning by using Likert scale. The scoring system was done by recommended and an un-recommended points. The data were analyzed descriptively using table scoring of percentage 1-100 aiming at the students’ points of view or opinions. The result of this study which was focused on learning material in English classes proves that the students agree that this based learning is effective to be applied and used. The average score of perceptions is 89 indicated from the six components of the product (comfortability, content, efficient use, language, clarity, and fun-use).
Genetic Transformation using Agrobacterium rhizogenes for the Production of Valuable Anti-Cancer Compound, Withaferin-A from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
Authors: C.Thilip  , P. Raja  , K.Mohamed Rafi  , K.P.Faizal  , G.Thiagu  , A.Aslam  , A. Shajahan
Published: July 2020

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal is an important ayurvedic medicinal plant and its primary bioactive compound, withaferin-A possess several pharmaceutical and therapeutic values ranging from immunomodulation to anti-cancer property. For commercial production of withaferin-A, field grown plant materials have generally been used but the quality and uniformity in the levels of active constituents are highly affected by genotype and environmental conditions. Plant tissue culture methods are best alternative way to enhance commercial production of withaferin-A. In this present study, we summarize our recent findings on characterization and screening of wild accessions of W. somnifera collected from Tamil Nadu state. Further, an improved Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated hairy root culture system was developed and this system providing an efficient tool attaining better transformation efficiency and useful for commercial in vitro production of withanolides.
Changes in safety of Working Conditions as a Result of Introducing 5S Practices
Authors: CIERNIAK-EMERYCH Anna , GOLEJ Robert
Published: July 2020

Changes occurring in the economic and social systems, often referred to as Industry 4.0, relate to the employment structure in the economy. More employees will find jobs in the services sector and creative industries. These changes create new threats. The non-physical working conditions and the mental health of the employees are becoming increasingly important.
On the climate sensitivity and historical warming evolution in recent coupled model ensembles
Authors: Flynn Clare Marie , Mauritsen Thorsten
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The Earth's equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) to a doubling of atmospheric CO2, along with the transient climate response (TCR) and
greenhouse gas emissions pathways, determines the amount of future warming. Coupled climate models have in the past been important tools to estimate
and understand ECS. ECS estimated from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models lies between 2.0 and 4.7 K (mean of
3.2 K), whereas in the latest CMIP6 the spread has increased to 1.8–5.5 K (mean of 3.7 K), with 5 out of 25 models exceeding
5 K. It is thus pertinent to understand the causes underlying this shift. Here we compare the CMIP5 and CMIP6 model ensembles and find
a systematic shift between CMIP eras to be unexplained as a process of random sampling from modeled forcing and feedback distributions. Instead,
shortwave feedbacks shift towards more positive values, in particular over the Southern Ocean, driving the shift towards larger ECS values in many
of the models. These results suggest that changes in model treatment of mixed-phase cloud processes and changes to Antarctic sea ice representation
are likely causes of the shift towards larger ECS. Somewhat surprisingly, CMIP6 models exhibit less historical warming than CMIP5 models, despite an
increase in TCR between CMIP eras (mean TCR increased from 1.7 to 1.9 K). The evolution of the warming suggests, however, that several of
the CMIP6 models apply too strong aerosol cooling, resulting in too weak mid-20th century warming compared to the instrumental
record.
Flywheel calibration of a continuous-wave coherent Doppler wind
lidar
Authors: Pedersen Anders Tegtmeier , Courtney Pedersen
Published: July 2020

Abstract. A rig for calibrating a continuous-wave coherent Doppler wind lidar has been constructed. The rig consists of a rotating flywheel on a frame together with an adjustable lidar telescope. The laser beam points toward the rim of the wheel in a plane perpendicular to the wheel's rotation axis, and it can be tilted up and down along the wheel periphery and thereby measure different projections of the tangential speed. The angular speed of the wheel is measured using a high-precision measuring ring fitted to the periphery of the wheel and synchronously logged together with the lidar speed. A simple, geometrical model shows that there is a linear relationship between the measured line-of-sight speed and the beam tilt angle and this is utilised to extrapolate to the tangential speed as measured by the lidar. An analysis of the uncertainties based on the model shows that a standard uncertainty on the measurement of about 0.1 % can be achieved, but also that the main source of uncertainty is the width of the laser beam and it's associated uncertainty. Measurements performed with different beam widths confirms this. Other measurements with a minimised beam radius shows that the method in this case performs about equally well for all the tested reference speeds ranging from about 3 m/s to 18 m/s.
Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes from different surface types in a created urban wetland
Authors: Li Xuefei , Wahlroos Outi , Haapanala Sami , Pumpanen Jukka , Vasander Harri , Ojala Anne , Vesala Timo , Mammarella Ivan
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Many wetlands have been drained due to urbanization, agriculture,
forestry or other purposes, which has resulted in a loss of their ecosystem
services. To protect receiving waters and to achieve services such as flood
control and storm water quality mitigation, new wetlands are created in
urbanized areas. However, our knowledge of greenhouse gas exchange in newly
created wetlands in urban areas is currently limited. In this paper we
present measurements carried out at a created urban wetland in Southern
Finland in the boreal climate. We conducted measurements of ecosystem CO2 flux and CH4
flux (FCH4) at the created storm water wetland Gateway in Nummela,
Vihti, Southern Finland, using the eddy covariance (EC) technique. The
measurements were commenced the fourth year after construction and lasted
for 1 full year and two subsequent growing seasons. Besides ecosystem-scale fluxes measured by the EC tower, the diffusive CO2 and CH4 fluxes from the open-water areas (FwCO2
and FwCH4, respectively) were modelled based on
measurements of CO2 and CH4 concentration in the water.
Fluxes from the vegetated areas were estimated by applying a simple mixing
model using the above-mentioned fluxes and the footprint-weighted fractional
area. The half-hourly footprint-weighted contribution of diffusive fluxes
from open water ranged from 0 % to 25.5 % in 2013. The annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of the studied wetland was 8.0 g C-CO2 m−2 yr−1, with the 95 % confidence interval between −18.9 and
34.9 g C-CO2 m−2 yr−1, and FCH4 was 3.9 g C-CH4 m−2 yr−1, with the 95 % confidence interval between
3.75 and 4.07 g C-CH4 m−2 yr−1. The ecosystem sequestered
CO2 during summer months (June–August), while the rest of the year it
was a CO2 source. CH4 displayed strong seasonal dynamics, higher
in summer and lower in winter, with a sporadic emission episode in the end
of May 2013. Both CH4 and CO2 fluxes, especially those
obtained from vegetated areas, exhibited strong diurnal cycles during
summer with synchronized peaks around noon. The annual
FwCO2 was 297.5 g C-CO2 m−2 yr−1 and FwCH4 was 1.73 g C-CH4 m−2 yr−1. The peak diffusive CH4 flux was 137.6 nmol C-CH4 m−2 s−1, which was synchronized with the
FCH4. Overall, during the monitored time period, the established storm water
wetland had a climate-warming effect with 0.263 kg CO2-eq m−2 yr−1 of which 89 % was contributed by CH4. The
radiative forcing of the open-water areas exceeded that of the vegetation
areas (1.194 and 0.111 kg CO2-eq m−2 yr−1, respectively), which implies that, when
considering solely the climate impact of a created wetland over a 100-year
horizon, it would be more beneficial to design and establish wetlands with
large patches of emergent vegetation and to limit the areas of open water
to the minimum necessitated by other desired ecosystem services.
Twenty-first century ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, and upper-ocean nutrient and primary production decline from CMIP6 model projections
Authors: Kwiatkowski Lester , Torres Olivier , Bopp Laurent , Aumont Olivier , Chamberlain Matthew , Christian James R. , Dunne John P. , Gehlen Marion , Ilyina Tatiana , John Jasmin G. , Lenton Andrew , Li Hongmei , Lovenduski Nicole S. , Orr James C. , Palmieri Julien , Santana-Falcón Yeray , Schwinger Jörg , Séférian Roland , Stock Charles A. , Tagliabue Alessandro , Takano Yohei , Tjiputra Jerry , Toyama Katsuya , Tsujino Hiroyuki , Watanabe Michio , Yamamoto Akitomo , Yool Andrew , Ziehn Tilo
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Anthropogenic climate change is projected to lead to ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation,
reductions in near-surface nutrients, and changes to primary production, all of which are expected
to affect marine ecosystems. Here we assess projections of these drivers of environmental change
over the twenty-first century from Earth system models (ESMs) participating in the Coupled Model
Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) that were forced under the CMIP6 Shared Socioeconomic
Pathways (SSPs). Projections are compared to those from the previous generation (CMIP5) forced
under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). A total of 10 CMIP5 and 13 CMIP6 models are used in
the two multi-model ensembles. Under the high-emission scenario SSP5-8.5, the multi-model global
mean change (2080–2099 mean values relative to 1870–1899) ± the inter-model SD in sea
surface temperature, surface pH, subsurface (100–600 m) oxygen concentration, euphotic
(0–100 m) nitrate concentration, and depth-integrated primary production is
+3.47±0.78 ∘C, -0.44±0.005, -13.27±5.28,
-1.06±0.45 mmol m−3 and -2.99±9.11 %, respectively. Under the
low-emission, high-mitigation scenario SSP1-2.6, the corresponding global changes are
+1.42±0.32 ∘C, -0.16±0.002, -6.36±2.92,
-0.52±0.23 mmol m−3, and -0.56±4.12 %. Projected exposure of the marine
ecosystem to these drivers of ocean change depends largely on the extent of future emissions,
consistent with previous studies. The ESMs in CMIP6 generally project greater warming,
acidification, deoxygenation, and nitrate reductions but lesser primary production declines than
those from CMIP5 under comparable radiative forcing. The increased projected ocean warming results
from a general increase in the climate sensitivity of CMIP6 models relative to those of
CMIP5. This enhanced warming increases upper-ocean stratification in CMIP6 projections, which
contributes to greater reductions in upper-ocean nitrate and subsurface oxygen ventilation. The
greater surface acidification in CMIP6 is primarily a consequence of the SSPs having higher
associated atmospheric CO2 concentrations than their RCP analogues for the same
radiative forcing. We find no consistent reduction in inter-model uncertainties, and even an
increase in net primary
production inter-model uncertainties in CMIP6, as compared to CMIP5.
Surfaces of Silver Birch (Betula pendula) are Sources of Biological Ice
Nuclei: In-vivo and In-situ Investigations
Authors: Seifried Teresa M. , Bieber Paul , Felgitsch Laura , Vlasich Julian , Reyzek Florian , Schmale III David G. , Grothe Hinrich
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Silver birch (Betula pendula) are known to contain ice-nucleating macromolecules (INMs) to survive in harsh environments. However, little is known about the release and transport of INMs from birch trees into the atmosphere. In this study, we conducted in-situ and in-vivo investigations on INM from nine birches growing in an alpine valley (Ötztal, Austria). A detailed analysis of drill cores shows that INM concentration increases towards outer layers, reaching its maximum near the surface. Aqueous extracts from the surfaces of leaves, bark, primary wood and secondary wood contained INMs (34/36) with concentrations ranging from 9.9·105 to 1.8·109 INM cm−2. In a field study, we analysed the effect of precipitation on the release of these INMs attached to the surface of the trees. These experiments showed that INMs are splashed and aerosolized into the environment during rainfall events, at concentrations and freezing temperatures similar to in-vivo samples. Our work sheds new light on the release and transport of INMs from birch surfaces into the troposphere. Birches growing in boreal and alpine forests should be considered as an important terrestrial source of INMs.
Deep Ocean Temperatures through Time
Authors: Valdes Paul J. , Scotese Christopher R. , Lunt Dan J.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Benthic oxygen isotope records are commonly used as a proxy for global mean surface temperatures during the late Cretaceous and Cenozoic, and the resulting estimates have been extensively used in characterising major trends and transitions in the climate system, and for analysing past climate sensitivity. However, some fundamental assumptions governing this proxy have rarely been tested. Two key assumptions are: (a) benthic foraminiferal temperatures are geographically well mixed and are linked to surface high latitude temperatures, and (b) surface high latitude temperatures are well correlated with global mean temperatures. To investigate the robustness of these assumptions through geological time, we performed a series of 109 climate model simulations using a unique set of paleogeographical reconstructions covering the entire Phanerozoic at the stage-level. The simulations have been run for at least 5000 model years to ensure that the deep ocean is in dynamic equilibrium. We find that the correlation between deep ocean temperatures and global mean surface temperatures is good for the Cenozoic and thus the proxy data are reliable indicators for this time period, albeit with a standard error of 2 K. This uncertainty has not normally been assessed and needs to be combined with other sources of uncertainty when, for instance, estimating climate sensitivity based on using δ18O measurements from benthic foraminifera. The correlation between deep and global mean surface temperature becomes weaker for pre-Cenozoic time periods (when the paleogeography is significantly different than the present-day). The reasons for the weaker correlation includes variability in the source region of the deep water (varying hemispheres but also varying latitudes of sinking), the depth of ocean overturning (some extreme warm climates have relatively shallow and sluggish circulations weakening the link between surface and deep ocean), and the extent of polar amplification (e.g. ice albedo feedbacks). Deep ocean sediments prior to the Cretaceous are rare, so extending the benthic foram proxy further into deeper time is problematic, but the model results presented here would suggest that the predicted deep ocean temperatures would probably be unreliable.
Quantifying the impact of land cover changes on hydrological extremes in India
Authors: Naha Shaini , Rico-Ramirez Miguel A. , Rosolem Rafael
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Several research studies have addressed the effects of future climate changes on the hydrological regime of Mahanadi river basin located in eastern part of India. However, studies investigating the effects of future land cover changes on hydrology are limited owing to the lack of availability of projected land cover scenarios. Our study investigates how the hydrology of Mahanadi river basin would respond to the current and future land cover scenarios under a large-scale hydrological modelling framework. Both historical and future land cover scenarios from the recently released, Land use Harmonisation (LUH2) project for CMIP6, indicates cropland and forest are the major land cover types in the basin with a noticeable increase in the cropland (23.3 %) at the expense of forest (22.65 %) by the end of year 2100 compared to the baseline year, 2005. A physically semi-distributed model, the Variable Infiltration Capacity has been set up and implemented over the Mahanadi river basin system for the time period 1990–2010. The uncertain model parameters were subjected to Sensitivity Analysis and calibrated within a Monte Carlo framework. The best set of calibrated models obtained is used in conjunction with the harmonized set of present and future land use scenarios from LUH2 at 25 km by 25 km resolution to generate an ensemble of model simulations that captures a range of plausible impacts of land cover changes on discharge and other hydrological components of the basin. Overall, model simulation results indicate an increase in the extreme flows (i.e., 95th percentile or higher) in the range of 0.12 to 21 % at multiple subcatchments within the basin. This increase can be attributed to the direct conversion of forested areas to agriculture (on the order of 30,000 km2) that has reduced the Leaf Area Index and subsequently reduces the Evapotranspiration (ET). These changes ultimately affect other water balance components at the land surface, resulting in an increase in surface runoff and baseflow, respectively.
Technical note: Greenhouse gas flux studies: an automated online system for gas emission measurements in aquatic environments
Authors: Thanh Duc Nguyen , Silverstein Samuel , Wik Martin , Crill Patrick , Bastviken David , Varner Ruth K.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Aquatic ecosystems are major sources of greenhouse gases
(GHGs). Robust measurements of natural GHG emissions are vital for evaluating
regional to global carbon budgets and for assessing climate feedbacks of
natural emissions to improve climate models. Diffusive and ebullitive
(bubble) transport are two major pathways of gas release from surface
waters. To capture the high temporal variability of these fluxes in a
well-defined footprint, we designed and built an inexpensive device that
includes an easily mobile diffusive flux chamber and a bubble counter all
in one. In addition to automatically collecting gas samples for subsequent
various analyses in the laboratory, this device also utilized a low-cost
carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor (SenseAir, Sweden) and methane (CH4)
sensor (Figaro, Japan) to measure GHG fluxes. Each of the devices was
equipped with an XBee module to enable local radio communication (DigiMesh
network) for time synchronization and data readout at a server controller
station on the lakeshore. The software of this server controller was operated on
a low-cost computer (Raspberry Pi), which has a 3G connection for remote
control and monitor functions from anywhere in the world. This study shows
the potential of a low-cost automatic sensor network system for studying GHG
fluxes on lakes in remote locations.
What can seismic noise tell us about the Alpine reactivation of the Iberian Massif? An example in the Iberian Central System
Authors: Andrés Juvenal , Ayarza Puy , Schimmel Martin , Palomeras Imma , Ruiz Mario , Carbonell Ramon
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The Iberian Central System, formed after the Alpine reactivation of the Variscan Iberian Massif, features maximum altitudes of 2500 m. It is surrounded by two foreland basins with contrasting elevation: The Duero Basin to the N, located at 750–800 m and the Tajo Basin to the S, lying at 450–500 m. The deep crustal structure of this mountain range seems to be characterized by the existence of a moderate crustal root that provides isostatic support for its topography. New seismic data is able to constrain the geometry of this crustal root, which appears to be defined by a northward lower crustal imbrication of the southern Central Iberian crust underneath this range. Contrarily to what was expected, this imbrication also affects the upper crust, as the existing orogen-scale mid-crustal Variscan detachment was probably assimilated during the Carboniferous crustal melting that gave rise to the Central System batholith. This implies that the reactivated upper crustal fractures can reach lower crustal depths, thus allowing the entire crust to sink. This new model can explain the differences in topography between the Central System foreland basins. Also, it provides further constrains on the crustal geometry of this mountain range, as it seems to be that of an asymmetric Alpine-type orogen, thus hindering the existence of buckling processes as the sole origin of the deformation. Results presented here have been achieved after autocorrelation of seismic noise along the CIMDEF profile. Although the resolution of the dataset features limited resolution (0.5–4 Hz, stations placed at ~ 5 km), this methodology has allowed us to pinpoint some key structures that helped to constraint the deformation mechanisms that affected Central Iberia during the Alpine orogeny.
Emancipating Identity: The Differential Effect of Organizational Identification on Commitment and Performance
Authors: Koçoğlu İpek , Erat Serhat , İmamoğlu Salih Zeki
Published: July 2020

Research on organizational identity (OI) and organizational identification (OID) has long considered the two concepts as inseparable. There is also a rising concern among scholars that OID and organizational commitment (OC) might be misrepresented and used interchangeably. These together raise the question: can OI, OID, and OC substitute each other, or should firms make an effort to establish all three differentially in order to capitalize on their unique effects on performance outcomes? In this study, we aim to address these unanswered inquiries with regards to how OI, OID, and OC are interrelated yet distinct constructs that in turn play unique roles in increased performance outcomes. We argue that, OI, OID and OC are distinct constructs that have differential effects on performance outcomes. By first looking at the effect of OI and OID on OC, we aimed to understand the differential relationship of OI and OID with OC. Also, we aimed to examine the concurrent effects of all three constructs namely OI, OID, and OC on individual performance. Drawing on the social identity and social categorization theories, we develop and empirically test a conceptual model where we examine the effects of OI and OID on OC and the effect of OC on individual performance. Through examining the data collected by 345 employees in the education sector, we show that OI and OID have positive significant effects on OC. Further, the results of our hierarchical multiple regression analyses reveal that OI, OID, and OC have positive and significant effects on individual performance.
Business Innovation and Competitive Advantage in Nigerian Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Oladimeji Moruff Sanjo , Amida Olasunkanmi Akeem , Essien Ekong Akpan
Published: July 2020

The study examined the impact of business innovation on competitive advantage in the Nigerian Manufacturing Sector.  The study was anchored on the theory of the resource-based theory and the dynamic capabilities theory. The descriptive survey design was employed. The population for the study comprised 496 staff of Nestle Nigeria Plc, Ogun State. A sample size of 217 respondents was selected through stratified sampling and a simple random sampling procedure. The questionnaire was administered to the respondents, out of which 207 were retrieved and subjected to further analysis. The stated hypotheses were tested using ordinal regression. The results showed that business innovation has a significant effect on the cost of the product (R2=0.729, F=11.237; p<.05), the sales of the product (R2=0.643, F=3.408; p<.05) and the quality of the product (R=0.845, R2=0.714, F=10.903; p<.05). The study recommended that multinational companies should pay more attention to customer satisfaction by increasing product quality. Emphasis should also be placed on innovation in order to cut a competitive edge.
Jaime Marroquín Arredondo y Ralph Bauer, editores. Translating Nature: Cross-Cultural Histories of Early Modern Science. Filadelfia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2019.
Authors: Domènech Conxita
Published: July 2020

N/A
Hacia una nueva era de los videojuegos japoneses. Superando el “valle inquietante” con Devil May Cry 5
Authors: Bonillo Fernández Claudia
Published: July 2020

Desde sus inicios a mediados de los años setenta, la representación de la figura humana ha sido una constante en los videojuegos, habiéndose invertido mucho esfuerzo en desarrollar sistemas que permitan acercarlos lo más posible a las personas, un campo en el que la industria nipona ha sido pionera. Si bien la continua mejora de las tecnologías es deseable en una industria en constante evolución como es la de los videojuegos, ya que teóricamente permite ofrecer una mejor experiencia a los usuarios, esta tendencia hacia una representación fotorrealista de la figura humana ha dado lugar a un problema de escala global: muchos de los personajes de los videojuegos nos resultan inquietantes debido a que caen dentro del bukimi no tani genshō, conocido como ‘fenómeno del valle inquietante’ en español, término que alude al rechazo instintivo que suele provocarnos un ser artificial que imita la apariencia humana. En este artículo se pretende analizar el concepto del “valle inquietante” aplicado a los videojuegos nipones, analizando Devil May Cry 5 como estudio de caso que ha logrado superarlo, o está muy cerca de hacerlo, demostrando así que, gracias a su capacidad de trabajo e incesante renovación, Japón sigue estando a la vanguardia de la industria de los videojuegos.
Muñecas made in Japan. De las karakuri-ningyō a Danny Choo
Authors: Gutiérrez Montañés María
Published: July 2020

Entre los muchos elementos que caracterizan al País del Sol Naciente, no podemos dejar de mencionar la industria muñequera. Fue en el período Edo (1603/1615-1868) cuando esta alcanzó su mayor auge, cuando se desarrollaron las tipologías de muñecas tradicionales o ningyō  que conocemos a día de hoy. La mayoría de estas piezas cumplen una función propiciatoria de buen augurio, siendo utilizadas como amuletos protectores contra los malos espíritus, así como juguetes, souvenirs o modelos de conducta. Cabe destacar que este tipo de producción se mantuvo durante las eras Meiji (1868-1912) y Taishō  (1912-1926) llegando hasta la actualidad.

Evidentemente, con el paso del tiempo, los materiales y métodos de fabricación han cambiado de tal modo que podemos señalar el uso de vinilo, resina y otros plásticos, además del empleo de moldes o incluso impresoras 3D. Si bien, estas nuevas muñecas no dejan de ser interpretaciones de modelos tradicionales, adaptadas al momento de Neojaponismo actual, que vuelve la vista a manifestaciones como el manga y el anime para inspirar su forma estética. A esto, además, podemos sumarle la incorporación de elementos tecnológicos, dando como resultado ejemplos como las Smart Doll de Danny Choo entre otras muchas firmas.

Mediante este artículo queremos señalar los puntos de unión entre la tradición y modernidad, basándonos en un ejemplo concreto como son las Smart Doll, una tipología que pone de relieve la incorporación de innovación y tecnología sin perder de vista el pasado.
España y Japón ante la robotización: un reto fiscal y económico
Authors: Bueno Maluenda María Cristina
Published: July 2020

Partiendo de dos ámbitos geográficos muy distantes en el espacio, España y Japón, no obstante, comparten problemas comunes: su demografía y su esperanza de vida. Dichos elementos combinados con el fenómeno de la robotización y automatización del trabajo hacen que se planteen cuestiones de futuro comunes tales como la de abordar el problema de sostenimiento de los gastos públicos y las pensiones. En este artículo se ofrecen los presupuestos que, desde una perspectiva de política fiscal y económica, revelan la necesidad de planificar posibles soluciones y se repasan las acciones que sendos Gobiernos han comenzado recientemente o están comenzado para abordar este reto, que no exclusivo ni de España ni Japón, pero que sí les resulta si cabe más acuciante por sus propias características sociales. En la última parte, se clasifican las tendencias actuales a propósito de la posibilidad de introducir un impuesto a los robots que permita contribuir a la previsible disminución de ingresos tributarios por causa de la tecnología.
Seeds of #MeToo Planted Under the Orange Trees in Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath
Authors: Provey Robin DeMerell
Published: July 2020

#MeToo took root under the orange trees in California, where hundreds of Depression-era migrant workers endured harassment and exploitation by wealthy landowners. John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath depicts dangers that are clear in today's workplace: an economic system controlled by a wealthy few that eschews decency and morality with an abuse of power that quells the human spirit. This insidious system serves only its perpetrators, who demand silence from victims, until the victims demand the return of their basic rights—no longer fearing reprisal because there is nothing left to lose. Decades following the publication of Steinbeck's Pulitzer Prize–winning novel, another crime against workers has surfaced and #MeToo has demanded that workplace sexual harassment be dragged from behind closed doors into the open. Steinbeck outlines the pathway to collective resistance, the main thrust of #MeToo, a movement that has only now begun to win cases in the courts.
Knowledge and attitudes toward infant BLS among babysitters and nursemaids working in rural northwest Jordan
Authors: Hamadneh Shereen , Raffee Liqaa , Hamadneh Jehan , Kassab Manal , Almomani Fidaa , Obeidat Rawan A. , Almazloom Othman
Published: July 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of babysitters and nursemaids toward providing basic life support (BLS) to infants. Setting: This study was conducted at registered nurseries and daycare centers in rural northern Jordan. Participants: The study involved a convenience sample of 77 child caretakers who were looking after infants. Results: Findings showed that majority of participants were unaware of skills needed to manage foreign body aspiration or administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation on infants. More than two-thirds of the participants had never attended any training or educational session on managing foreign body aspiration among infants. Conclusions: The findings indicated that caregivers in kindergartens and nurseries in rural areas in Jordan lacked awareness of safe infant care. Basic resuscitation skills for urgent cases were insufficient, which could increase the risk of sudden and unexpected child death. Thus, this study strongly recommends training, such as a course on infant life support, for babysitters and care center staff.
Impact of orthodontic treatment on oral health related quality of life at a Tertiary Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria: A pilot study
Authors: A Oyapero , B.O. Ogunbanjo , K.O. Adegbite , O.A. Ajisafe
Published: July 2020

Aims: Malocclusion may not be life-threatening but it is an important public health problem, which has impact on the domains of discomfort, social and functional limitations. Orthodontic treatment may also cause functional restrictions, discomfort and pain. This study aimed to determine the impact of orthodontic treatment on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of a group of patients receiving care at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos. (LASUTH). Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among patients that were registered for care at the orthodontic clinic and had commenced fixed appliance therapy for one month. A structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain the socio-demographic information and to assess the orthodontic profile as well as the OHRQoL of the respondents. Results: The highest OHRQOL scores were observed in the subdomains of self-consciousness, pain, discomfort on chewing, being irritable and embarrassment. Subjects aged between 21–40 years had the highest mean impact scores (32.93±7.86). Similarly, females and tertiary educated respondents had the highest mean impact scores (29.93±7.48). Respondents with definite malocclusion had the lowest mean OHIP-14 scores (18.00) while the respondent with very severe handicapping malocclusion had the highest mean scores (26.98). Respondents that had poor oral hygiene had a higher mean OHIP-14 scores (1.93±0.54) even though the association was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment appears to be associated with a negative impact on the OHRQoL of respondents at the early stage of orthodontic treatment. This impact was highest in females, those aged between 21–40 years and those with a tertiary education. It is imperative that patients are adequately psychologically prepared before treatment commences and that care is taken to reduce iatrogenic damage to improve their likelihood of completing it.
The Making and Unmaking of an Appalachian “Home”: Tensions between Tourism and Housing Development in Gatlinburg, Tennessee
Authors: Amason J. Hope
Published: July 2020

This article examines the economic and symbolic dimensions of redevelopment in Gatlinburg, Tennessee. I focus on one particular project, the East Parkway at Baskins Creek Bypass District, which concerned ten acres that contained a vital housing resource for low-income tourism-industry workers: residential motels. I connect Gatlinburg’s housing crisis with changing labor patterns in the wake of economic restructuring. I present two letters submitted by real estate developers and solicited by the City of Gatlinburg. In analyzing the letters, I identify two tensions: (1) between workers’ homes and the aesthetics of “Appalachian” tourism, and (2) between representations of workers and the diverse realities of workers’ lives. I conclude by arguing that solutions addressing housing alone—without also considering tourism-industry labor patterns, including fluctuating wages—will ultimately fall short of accomplishing affordable housing for Gatlinburg’s residential workforce.