bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Deep Case Carburizing and Residual Stress in Rolling Contact Service
Authors: Meyer Jason , Habean Stefan , Londrico Dan , Sims Justin
Published: September 2021

The notion that compressive residual stresses can extend the service life of components subject to rolling contact fatigue is well documented. However, the exact nature of the relationship between effective case depth and the residual stress state is not well understood for components with case depths greater than 0.050 in. (1.27 mm). It is expected that compressive residual stresses gradually transition to tensile stresses as case depth increases beyond a threshold value. This study will measure the residual stress state of components with different case depths before and after simulated service in order to determine where the compressive to tensile transition occurs. It will also investigate the role of retained austenite and the effect of strain-induced transformation caused by rolling contact. Residual stress and retained austenite measurements will be conducted using X-ray diffraction.
Fr. Georges Florovsky’s Theology of History as the Mainstream of Neo-Patristics
Authors: Рупова Розалия Моисеевна
Published: September 2021

В статье дана характеристика концепции неопатристического синтеза, претерпевшей существенные изменения за период, прошедший с момента её провозглашения протоиереем Георгием Флоровским в 1936 г. Имея вначале довольно обобщённый характер, она уточнялась, интегрируя в свой состав результаты осуществлённых за прошедшие годы междисциплинарных исследований, приобретая со временем характер методологически выдержанного дискурса. В этом интегральном дискурсе, включающем богословие истории, экклезиологию, антропологию, богословие культуры - богословие истории имеет характер стержневой концепции, определяющей архитектонику всего здания неопатристического синтеза. В статье дан обзор работ Флоровского, посвящённых теме христианского понимания истории, за весь период его публикационной активности. Это позволяет отследить эволюцию и различные грани богословия истории прот. Георгия.

The article characterizes the concept of neo-patristic synthesis, which suffered substantial changes since it was declared by Fr. Georges Florovsky in 1936. Being initially rather abstract and generic, it gradually gained in precision and detail, incorporating the results of subsequent multidisciplinary studies, and acquired the features of methodologically rigorous discourse. In this integrated discourse, which also includes ecclesiology, anthropology, theology of culture, theology of history plays the role of the core concept, determining the architectonics of the whole building of neo-patristic synthesis. The author consecutively reviews all Florovsky’s works dedicated to the Christian understanding of history. This allows to trace the evolution and different shades of Fr. Georges’ theology of history.
Biblical Apologetics: Metahistory and Causal Retrospection
Authors: Мумриков Олег
Published: September 2021

Православная христианская традиция рассматривает «естественное зло» - присутствие в природе естественных катаклизмов, страдания и смерти - как следствие первородного греха Адама и Евы. Однако научная картина мира объективно убеждает нас в обратном: «естественное зло» - неотъемлемая характеристика вселенной с момента её возникновения. С богословско-апологетической точки зрения данное противоречие может быть разрешено при взгляде на мировую историю в свете двух событий - грехопадения и искупления как метаисторических, влияющих как на будущее, так и прошлое посредством Божественного предвидения. Автор приводит обоснование возможности данного подхода.

The Orthodox Christian tradition considers «natural evil» - the presence in nature of natural cataclysms, suffering and death as a consequence of the original sin of Adam and Eve. However, the scientific picture of the world objectively convinces us in the opposite - «natural evil» is an integral characteristic of the universe since its inception. With the theological and apologetic point of view this contradiction can be resolved when you look at the history of the world in the light of two events: fall of man and Redemption as a superor meta-historical, which influenced the future and the past by Divine foresight. The author provides a rationale for the possibility of this approach.
Learning of the Second Coming of Christ in 1 Epistle of the St. Apostle Paul to the Thessalonians (1 Thess. 5, 1-11): An Experience of Theologicaland Exegetical Commentary
Authors: Ковшов Михаил Всеволодович , Ерёмин Михал
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматривается отрывок из первого послания апостола Павла к Фессалоникийцам (1 Фес. 5, 1-11), темой которого является учение о последних временах, о Втором пришествии Христа и о времени его наступления. Эсхатологическое учение является основным в богословии этого послания. Данное учение следует рассматривать в контексте нравственных наставлений апостола Павла верующим фессалоникийцам, в которых образ «сынов света» является основным для обозначения христиан.

The article examines a fragment from the First Epistle of the Apostle Paul to the Thessalonians (1 Thess. 5, 1-11), the theme of which is the doctrine of the last times, the Second Coming of Christ and the time of His coming. The eschatological teaching is fundamental in the theology of this Epistle. This teaching should be considered in the context of the moral instructions of the Apostle Paul to the faithful Thessalonians, in which the image of the «sons of the light» is the main one for designating Christians.
Salvation According to Epistle to the Hebrews
Authors: Ходарин Димитрий
Published: September 2021

Послание к Евреям предстаёт несколько обособленным в каноне книг Нового Завета. Оно пространно использует ветхозаветные образы и параллели, некоторые из которых лишь кратко упоминаются или даже вовсе не упоминаются в других новозаветных книгах. Вместе с тем именно такие образы становятся основными в развитии авторской мысли. Автор данной статьи стремится показать красоту и цельность подхода к интерпретации Священного Писания при анализе сотериологической проблематики Послания. При этом особое внимание уделяется основным богословским темам Послания и особенностям экзегезы его отдельных мест.

The Epistle to the Hebrews stands apart from the rest New Testament due to its extensive and deep use of Old Testaments' images and concepts. A few of them, which are extremely rare or even absent in other New Testaments' books, in their interplay build the basis for the whole Epistle. The author of this article making analyses of soteriological issues tries to discover the wholeness and mastery of Scripture interpretation taken in the Epistle. Doing that he pays close attention both to the main theological lines of the Epistles and to the specifics of exegesis of some its perts.
Beat. Augustine as an Exegete in «The Interpretation on the Gospel of John». Some Observations
Authors: Доброцветов Павел Кириллович
Published: September 2021

В статье представлен краткий вводный обзор до сих пор не изданного на русском языке крупного труда блж. Августина Гиппонского «Толкование на Евангелие от Иоанна» («In Ioannis Euangelium Tractatus CXXIV»), обстоятельств его написания и отражения в нём личности Августина как экзегета и проповедника. Автор напоминает читателю известное различие между так называемыми синоптическими Евангелиями и Евангелием от Иоанна и указывает на численное превосходство древнецерковных толкований на Евангелие от Матфея по сравнению с таковыми на Евангелие от Иоанна, а также, вероятно, первый образец толкования данного Евангелия в латинской традиции. Специфика Августиновского толкования на Евангелие от Иоанна определяется тем, что это скорее не научно-экзегетический трактат в собственном смысле слова, но собрание проповедейдля широкой, хотя и взыскательной аудитории. По мнению ряда зарубежных исследователей, «Толкование на Евангелие от Иоанна» было написано и произнесено в 406-418 гг.в Гиппонский епископский период жизни и деятельности Августина. Статья затрагиваетобщее отношение Августина к Священному Писанию и его в определённой степени вариативный символический подход к библейской экзегезе. Статья основывается на изучении текста блж. Августина и сопутствующей вторичной литературы по теме.

The report provides a brief introductory overview of St. Augustine's of Hippo large work «The Interpretation on the Gospel of John» (In Ioannis Euangelium Tractatus CXXIV ) which has not been published in Russian, the circumstances of its writing and reflection the personality of Augustine as an exegete and preacher in it. The author reminds the reader of the well-known difference between the so-called synoptic Gospels and the Gospel of John and points to the numerical superiority of the Old Church interpretations on the Gospel of Matthew compared to those on the Gospel of John, and also probably the first example of the interpretation on this Gospel in the Latin tradition. The specificity of Augustine's interpretation on John is determined by the fact that it is rather not a scientific-exegetical treatise proper, but a collection of sermons for a wide, though demanding audience. According to a number of foreign researchers the «The Interpretation on the Gospel of John» was written and pronounced in 406-418 in the Hippo episcopal period of Augustine's life and work. The report touches upon Augustine's general attitude to Holy Scripture and his variable symbolic approach to biblical exegesis in some ways. The article is based on the study of the text of the St. Augustine and related secondary literature on the subject.
Difficulties in Understanding and Translating of Gen. 11, 1-9 into the Greek (LXX), Aramaic and Latin (Vulg) Languages
Authors: Шаблевский Николай
Published: September 2021

Настоящая статья посвящена филологическому анализу библейского повествования о возведении Вавилонского города и башни. В первой части исследования был переведён на русский язык и проанализирован масоретский текст Быт. 11, 1-9. Благодаря этому были определены ключевые темы для изучения: единство языка, технология и цель строительства города и башни, суд Божий относительно замысла людей; каждой из них посвящён отдельный параграф статьи. В результате стало очевидным, что при переводе данного фрагмента из Ветхого Завета авторы LXX использовали, вероятно, методы таргумической интерпретации библейского текста, что явно отразилось на Vulg и святоотеческих комментариях.

This article is dedicated to the philological analysis of the biblical story about the building of the Babylon's city and tower. In the first part of the studying, the Masoretic text of Gen. 11, 1-9 was translated into Russian and was analyzed. Due to this, the key topics for studying were identified: the unity of language, technology and purpose of the building of the city and the tower, the judgment of God regarding to the intention of people; each of which is dedicated to a separate paragraph of the article. As a result, it became obvious that in translating this fragment from the Old Testament, the authors of LXX probably used methods of targumic interpretation of the biblical text, which clearly affected on the Vulg and on the St.-Fathers commentaries.
Truth and History. Biblical Historicism as a Path to Theological Synthesis
Authors: Рупова Розалия Моисеевна
Published: September 2021

В статье описана специфика библейской философии истории, прослеживаются библейские основания формирования европейской исторической мысли, а также пути её трансформации в эпоху Ренессанса, в Новое и Новейшее время. В кризисный ХХ в. так называемый «антропологический поворот» приводит к антропологизации, среди прочих направлений научного знания, и историософской мысли. Происшедшая встреча Восточно-христианской традиции с философией, антропологией и историей открывает перспективу нового богословского синтеза.

The article describes the specifics of the biblical philosophy of history, traces the biblical foundations of the formation of European historical thought, as well as the ways of its transformation in the Renaissance, in the New and Modern times. In the crisis of the twentieth century, the so-called «anthropological turn» leads to anthropologization, among other areas of scientific knowledge, and historiosophical thought. The meeting between the East Christian tradition and philosophy, anthropology and history opens up the prospect of new theological synthesis.
St. Luke Voyno-Yasenetsky on Science and Religion
Authors: Лизгунов Павел
Published: September 2021

Статья раскрывает взгляды святителя Луки на соотношение науки и религии, изложенные в его произведениях «Дух, душа и тело» и «Наука и религия». Свт. Лука показывает, что между наукой и религией нет и не может быть коренных противоречий в виду очень ограниченного пересечения областей одной и другой; показывает, что во многих отношениях наука и религия взаимно дополняют друг друга. В своих рассуждениях он приводит ряд традиционных и некоторые оригинальные аргументы.

The article discloses St. Luke’s account of the relationships between science and religion, given in his works Spirit, Soul and Body and Science and Religion . St. Luke demonstrates that there are no fundamental contradictions between science and religion, moreover, such contradictions are impossible because of very limited overlapping of their domains. He shows that in many respects science and religion complement each other. In his discussion he uses a number of traditional and some original arguments.
Removal of Heavy Metals from Tie and Dye (Adire) Wastewater Using Low-Cost Adsorbents
Authors: Adekunle Adebola Adebayo , Familusi Ayokunle Oluwaseun , Amoo Bukunmi Ayomide , Akinsaanya Adetayo Samuel , Nkeshita Fidelis
Published: September 2021

Rapid industrialization has succeeded in constantly releasing hazardous heavy metals into the environment; however the need to minimize this risk has become a global
concern. This study is to investigate the effectiveness of rice husk, sawdust and sugarcane bagasse as low cost adsorbents in heavy metals removal and to reduce the environmental pollution caused by these heavy metals. Columns of four different adsorbents (rice husk, sawdust, sugarcane bagasse and the mixture of the three) were set up and the Adire wastewater was passed through them. The adsorbents, the effluents and the filtrates were taken for physico-chemical and heavy metals analyses. The results shows that sugarcane bagasse adsorbent is the most effective in the physical and chemical treatment of the wastewater used, while the sawdust adsorbent is most effective in the removal of Copper, Chromium, Nickel and Iron.
Problems of establishing administrative responsibility of legal entities for traffic offenses and ways to solve them
Authors: Rudnev Alexander S.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the problems of establishing the administrative responsibility of legal entities that occur for committing offenses in the field of road traffic. Based on the analysis of the administratively punishable acts of legal entities provided for in Chapter 12 of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation, proposals aimed at further improving the legislation on administrative liability of legal entities in the field of road traffic are formulated and justified.
The Rule of Law in the context of solving problems of interaction between international and national courts I.A. Umnova-Konyukhova. National justice and international justice: theory and practice of interaction in public-legal relations (principles of sta
Authors: Alferova Elena V.
Published: September 2021

The review presents an analysis and assessment of the main problems considered in the monograph "National justice and international justice: theory and practice of interaction in public-legal relations (principles of statehood and human rights)". The author is the head of the scientific direction of constitutional and legal research of the Center for the study of problems of justice of the Russian state University of justice, Doctor of Law, Professor, Honorary worker of higher professional education of the Russian Federation I.A. Umnova-Konyukhova. It is noted that this work is a continuation of the scientific research carried out by I.A. Umnova-Konyukhova, has a fundamental character and is distinguished by a deep systematic analysis of relevant aspects of the interaction of national and international justice. The conclusion is made about the high theoretical and practical significance of the reviewed monograph.
Financial security and law in the digital age (International scientific and practical conference ("Piskotin's readings - 2021"), April 15, 2021)
Authors: Kobzar-Frolova Margarita N.
Published: September 2021

The Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences has a long tradition of honoring outstanding Soviet and Russian scientists who at different times served and developed legal science at the highest academic level. One of such recognized outstanding scientists was the Honored scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor Mikhail I. Piskotin (1924 - 2003). Mikhail I. Piskotin devoted many years to the formation and strengthening of the science of Financial Law and its sub-branches (tax, Budget Law), in every possible way contributed to the development of the science of Administrative Law. 1973 - 1989 worked at the Institute of State and Law of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR as head of the sector and editor-in-chief of the journal "Soviet State and Law". In his memory and with respect to his merits, the scientific community annually holds scientific events. In April 2021, an International scientific and practical conference was successfully held, the topic of which was "Financial security and law in the digital era ("Piskotin’s readings - 2021"). The organizer of the conference is the sector of Administrative Law and administrative process, the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
A distinctive feature of this conference was that as its participants, academic theorists and practitioners in the field of financial and administrative law from leading academic and research organizations from the Russian Federation, as well as citizens of individual European states and Asia, announced and made reports on topical topics. The purpose of the conference was to consider current problems, current trends and prospects for the development of Financial Law in the digital era. The participants were especially interested in those reports in which not only the existing problems were raised, but also the directions and ways of their solution were expressed. As a result of the work, the participants adopted the Resolution of the International scientific and practical conference "Financial security and law in the digital era ("Piskotin’s readings - 2021").
FUNCTORS AND SPACES IN IDEMPOTENT MATHEMATICS
Authors: Zarichnyi M.
Published: September 2021

Idempotent mathematics is a branch of mathematics in which idempotent operations (for example, max) on the set of reals play a central role. In recent decades, we have seen intensive research in this direction.
The principle of correspondence (this is an informal principle analogous to the Bohr correspondence principle in the quantum mechanics) asserts that each meaningful concept or result of traditional mathematics corresponds to a meaningful concept or result of idempotent mathematics. In particular, to the notion of probability measure there corresponds that if Maslov measure (also called idempotent measure) as well as more recent notion of max-min measure. Also, there are idempotent counterparts of the convex sets; these include the so-called max-plus and max min convex sets.
Methods of idempotent mathematics are used in optimization problems, dynamic programming, mathematical economics, game theory, mathematical biology and other disciplines. In this paper we provide a survey of results that concern algebraic and geometric properties of the functors of idempotent and max-min measures.
Girl-Child Streetism and Possible Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors:   Department of Education Leadership and Management, Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Olawale Sunday , Perumal Juliet
Published: September 2021

Streetism is a growing problem worldwide and Africa is one of the continents with the highest population of street children. United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF) refers to street children as children whom the street, more than their family, becomes their real home. The recent statistics released by UNICEF revealed that States in the North-east and North-west regions of Nigeria have female primary net attendance rates of 47.7 per cent and 47.3 per cent, which shows that more than half of the girls in those parts of the country are not in school. This paper examined streetism from the gender perspective, to draw the attention of the government, civil societies, and other stakeholders towards responding to the menace of street girls. This study was carried out by conducting document analysis and careful study of various secondary data sources obtained online. Google scholar, Scopus, and African Journals Online (AJOL) were used to retrieve journal articles, news items and other electronic materials written on the complexities of streetism as it affects girl children in Sub-Saharan Africa. High vulnerability to violence, rape, sexually transmitted diseases, and teenage pregnancy are the major problems found in the literature to be of peculiarity to street girls. Special programmes such as street education and literacy, and vocational skills acquisition programmes for street children were suggested as possible interventions to respond to the menace of streetism in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
Pemeranan Keluarga Sedarah dalam Perlindungan dan Pengasuhan Anak Terlantar (Studi Model Alternatif Perlindungan dan Pengasuhan Anak Terlantar Non Institusi Formal pada Dua Kelompok Etnis di Sulawesi Selatan)
Authors: Hasbi Hasbi
Published: September 2021

Keluarga merupakan salah satu bagian dari penyelenggara perlindungan sosial anak terlantar. Anak terlantar terjadi karena orang tua sudah tiada,ketidak mampuan orang tua, atau orang tua yang sangat sibuk dengan pekerjaannya. Pemeranan keluarga sedarah, merupakan potensi untuk menemukan model perlindungan dan pengasuhan anak terlantar noninstitusi formal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap potensi pemeranan perlindungan dan pengasuhan anak terlantar oleh keluarga sedarah dan menemukan model pemeranan perlindungan dan pengasuhan anak terlantar oleh keluarga sedarah pada dua komunitas di Sulawesi Selatan. Metode penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Informan penelitian adalah anak terlantar dan keluarga sedarah yang ditentukan dengan cara aksidental. Hasil penelitian menemukanpemeranan keluarga sedarah pada masyarakat Bugis maupun Toraja dapat dijadikan model alternatif perlindungan dan pengasuhan anak terlantar. Pada masyarakat Bugis dikenal istilah assiajingeng dan sompunglolo. Pada 0masyarakat Toraja Toraja memiliki kelembagaan kekeluargaan yang disebut dengan nilai kasiuluran (nilai kekeluargaan) dalam sistem Tongkonan. Model jaringan keluarga sedarah dapat mencegah terjadinya kerapuhan keluarga yang selama ini menjadi akar masalah terjadi anak terlantar.
Kepercayaan (Trust) Pada Komunitas Nelayan Pulau Bontosua Kabupaten Pangkep
Authors: Sakaria Sakaria , Suparman Suparman , Basrun Muhammad , Surianti Surianti , Indah Nirwana
Published: September 2021

Modal sosial merupakan sumber daya sosial yang memiliki elemen-elemen pembentuk yang terdapat dalam suatu masyarakat atau komunitas. Tulisan ini membahas tentang modal sosial masyarakat desa nelayan Mattiro Bone Pulau Bontosua dari aspek trust (kepercayaan). Penelitian ini menggunakan mix method dimana pengumpulan data menggunakan metode kualitatif dan metode kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi terbatas dari lima informan yang ditentukan secara snowball sampling. Selain itu kuesioner juga disebar ke 15 responden. Kemudian data dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk menjelaskan data penelitian dan fakta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan (trust) masyarakat desa nelayan Pulau Bontosua masih tergolong tinggi, hal ini dibuktikan oleh data antara lain seperti tingkat kepercayaan antar warga/tetangga, kepercayaan kepada pemerintah desa dan tokoh masyarakat masih tergolong tinggi.
PEMIMPIN PERUBAHAN: REFLEKSI MUNCULNYA DAN PENGEMBANGAN STUDI SOSIOLOGIS
Authors: Genda Arsyad , Arifin Suryanto , Sabiq Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Tulisan ini, menjelaskan tiga poin penting. Pertama, pengetahuan manusia dan konteksnya, kedua, kaitan pengetahuan manusia dan ideologi terhadap perilaku manusia dan ketiga, konteks perilaku manusia (pemimpin perubahan) dan kaitan dengan munculnya pemikiran yang bersifat sosiologis atau studi sosiologi. Berbagai jenis pengetahuan manusia, sebagaimana yang dikemukakan oleh Comte, Durkheim, Turner  dan ahli lainnya berbeda, tetapi pada dasarnya tidak bertentangan. Peran para ahli dan atau pemimpin perubahan tidak hanya berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap lahir dan berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan (khususnya studi sosiologi), tetapi yang lebih mendasar adalah membangun nilai-nilai moral dan kemanusiaan. Pemimpin  perubahan yang dimaksud, antara lain; Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, Jr.Martin Luther, Bung Karno, Bung Hatta, B.J. Habibie dan M. Jusuf Kalla. Muncul dan berkembangnya studi sosiologi, tidak dapat dilepaskan dengan kontribusi dari berbagai ahli atau tokoh perubahan. Termasuk J.J. Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, Comte, Spencer, Durkheim, Weber,  Marx dan Simmel). Pertanyaan penting dari Simmel “How society is possible”. Esai Georg Simmel ini,  dibangun di atas gagasan bahwa seorang individu dapat mengembangkan dirinya sendiri sepenuhnya hanya dengan masuk ke dalam masyarakat tetapi tetap ditandai dengan "tambahan" atau "inti individualitas" yang tidak pernah sepenuhnya disosialisasikan. Pertanyaan/esai Simmel ini, mengispirasi banyak ahli dalam mengembangkan studi sosiologi. Akhirnya, tulisan ini menganggap penting memahami secara utuh setiap pemimpin perubahan (lokal/regional, nasional dan dunia) yang berorientasi dalam membangun nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan untuk kemaslahatan manusia dan masyarakat.
IDENTITAS BISSU DITENGAH MODERNITAS DI DESA BONTOMATENE KECAMATAN SEGERI KABUPATEN PANGKEP
Authors: Kasim Syaifullah , AT Ramli , Muhammad Sawedi
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan peran bissu ditengah modernitas, faktor yang menyebabkan perubahan peran bissu, dan strategi yang diadopsi para bissu dalam mempertahankan eksistensi kulturalnya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Bontomatenne Kecamatan Segeri, Kabupaten Pangkep. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kulitatif yang bersifat deskritif dengan mewawancarai satu bissu sebagai informan utama. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan analisis studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi masyarakat tentang bissu, dukungan pemerintah, dan tekanan ekonomi menjadi faktor perubahan identitas dan peran bissu. Kondisi bissu saat ini menunjukkan peran sentral ditengah masyarakat dalam upacara adat dan ritual terutama penyambutan memasuki awal musim panen oleh para petani yang disebut dengan ritual mappalili. Namun peran bissu semakin berkurang disebabkan persepsi masyarakat tentang adanya unsur kesyirikan dalam kebudayaan bissu tersebut. Strategi yang dilakukan bissu dalam mempertahankan eksistensinya dalam menjalankan peran sebagai seorang bissu dengan terus menjalankan upacara adat, pemeliharaan benda pusaka, memanfaatkan jaringan sosial dan mempertahankan aset.
KUALITAS DAN KETAHANAN HIDUP PEREMPUAN LANSIA
Authors: Usman Musrayani , Hasbi Hasbi , Sakaria Sakaria , Rahim Hariashari , Ras Atma
Published: September 2021

Permasalahan umum yang dihadapi perempuan lansia adalah makin besar jumlah perempuan lansia di bawah garis kemiskinan, makin melemahnya kekerabatan dalam keluarga terkadang mereka kurang mendapatkan perhatian, dihargai dan dihormati, kurangnya pelayanan lansia dari tenaga professional, dan belum melembaga dan membudaya pembinaan kesejahteraan lansia khususnya perempuan lansia. maka rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup perempuan lansia dan bagaimana ketahanan perempuan lansia.
Penelitian ini menerapkan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan penelitian dalam pandangan fenomelogis yang berusaha memahami arti dari peristiwa dan kaitannya terhadap orang dalam situasi tertentu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perubahan yang terjadi pada perempuan lansia meliputi perubahan fisik, perubahan psikososial dan perubahan lingkungan. Dari hasil penelitian sebagian besar responden memiliki kualitas hidup yang sedang, Dari permasalahan yang dihadapi perempuan lansia antara lain karena pengaruh fisik, pengaruh psikososial dan lingkungannya, yang paling mendominasi bagi para perempuan lansia adalah permasalah ekonomi pada keluarga yang mengharuskan mereka ikut serta dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan keluarga.
FENOMENA DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION: EKSISTENSI ANGKUTAN KOTA PETE-PETE DI TENGAH GEMPURAN MODA TRANSPORTASI ONLINE KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Ihsan Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana eksistensi angkutan kota pete-pete dan strategi bertahan hidup sopir pete-pete di tengah gempuran moda transportasi online. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan eksistensi pete-pete saat ini berada di batas ambang kritis. Beralihnya penumpang ke moda transportasi online membuat jumlah pete-pete menurun signifikan tiap tahunnya. Strategi bertahan hidup yang ditempuh oleh para sopir pete-pete juga tidak bisa dimaksimalkan akibat beberapa kondisi tertentu, umumnya para sopir juga hanya mengandalkan penghasilan dari narik pete-pete. Logika masyarakat yang menginginkan sebuah moda transportasi yang tidak hanya mudah dan murah, namun juga praktis dan bisa diakses kapan dan dimanapun menunjukkan masyarakat semakin rasional saat ini. Rasionalitas menjadi sesuatu yang tidak terelakkan dalam masyarakat modern dan menjadi roh bagi modernitas. Pete-pete kalah dengan inovasi yang ditawarkan oleh moda trasnportasi online.  Pete-pete kalah dengan hasrat dan logika pertumbuhan saat ini. Moda transportasi online sebagai sebuah disruptive innovation yang tidak hanya menggantikan teknologi lama yang serba fisik dengan teknologi digital, namun juga menghasilkan sesuatu yang benar-benar baru dan lebih efisien. Sifatnya tidak hanya destruktif namun juga kreatif.
INTERAKSI SOSIAL DALAM PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK KURIKULUM 2013 (Studi Kasus di SMA Kristen Pelita Kasih Makassar)
Authors: Boina Maria Inmakulata , Radjab Mansyur , Sakaria Sakaria
Published: September 2021

Pendekatan pembelajaran saintifik merupakan salah satu syarat pelaksanaan Kurikulum Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Tahun 2013 (K-13) yang telah ditetapkan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. Pendekatan saintifik pada hakikatnya merupakan suatu upaya untuk meningkatkan peran aktif siswa dan kemampuan guru sebagai fasilitator di dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan perspektif Teori Konstruksi Sosial Bergerian, bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui aspek interaksi sosial di dalam proses internalisasi, eksternalisasi, dan obyektifikasi pendekatan saintifik K-13 di SMA Kristen Pelita Kasih; (2) mengetahui faktor penunjang dan penghambat interaksi sosial di dalam pengkonstruksian K-13; dan (3) merumuskan cara untuk mempercepat proses pengkonstruksian K-13. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terjadi interaksi sosial yang intens di dalam proses pengkonstruksian pendekatan saintifik K-13 di SMA Kristen Pelita Kasih; (2) telah diidentifikasi beberapa faktor penunjang dan faktor penghambat; (3) upaya untuk mempercepat proses pengkonstruksian K13 di antaranya dengan cara peningkatan kemampuan guru sebagai fasilitator dan penyusunan ulang komposisi materi pelajaran berdasarkan cakupan dan tingkat kesulitannya.
Beyond the margins of neoliberalism: Biological and Neurological Foundations of Action Research
Authors: Gurrutxaga Igor Ahedo
Published: September 2021

This text maintains that the presuppositions of individualistic empiricism have been instrumental for the neoliberal revolution, which turns supposed aggressiveness and natural selfishness into a foundation of society. The combination of science that denies the relational, emotional and subjective nature of humans with the naturalisation of individualism and competition as supposed bases of human behaviour combine to hinder Action Research’s aim of “self-determination” (Fricke, 2018). However, true relational parameters, located in and empathic with the living, fit perfectly with the assumptions of AR. Therefore, we explain how discoveries in biology not only show that the bases of Action Research are not heretical from a scientific point of view, but that they fit in perfectly with the true parameters of behaviour identified by the life sciences.
Action Research as Pre-Service Teacher Inquiry Physical Education
Authors: Ryan Thomas G.
Published: September 2021

The newest Canadian Elementary Health and Physical Education (2019) provincial curricula promotes inquiry as a pedagogical mode. AR complements this inquiry mode of instruction with its grounding in experience and practice which infuses educational roles. AR as practice-based inquiry helps new educators identify and reveal resolutions; however, first a need to want to improve needs to be identified, before next steps are taken. AR has the potential to open doors of perception, trigger new insights, and cultivate teacher development within teacher training and beyond while in-service. Admittedly, teachers change, no matter how incrementally, which permeates professional development, as witnessed in over 100 years of action research drawn upon herein. Extant AR literature is grounded in the educational development of participants as they teach. Development in AR is not actually a problem needing investigation; instead it remains a possibility that needs recursive attention to ensure it exists within the training of educators globally. Herein AR is illustrated via narrative accounts that reflect experiences while teacher training in an Ontario Faculty of Education programme.
Theory and design of narrowband band-stop filters using slotted ground resonators
Authors: C.R. Lakshmi , Kannadassan Dhanaraj
Published: September 2021

This paper reports the demonstration of design and implementation of narrow band band-stop filters using slotted ground resonators. Using coupled-mode resonator theory, the systematic implementation of BSFs are performed to achieve narrow stopband (<25% FBW) with desired stopband isolation. By exchanging the band-pass transfer function polynomials, the BSF design has become straight-forward with these band-stop resonators. Designed and optimized BSFs are fabricated, characterized and analysed as a detailed report. Slotted ground resonators yield compact and scalable BSFs which are potential alternatives for the development of future microwave systems.
A prototype compact accelerator-based neutron source (CANS) for Canada
Authors: Laxdal Robert , Maharaj Dalini D. , Abbaslou Mina , Tun Zin , Banks Daniel , Gottberg Alexander , Marchetto Marco , Rodriguez Eduardo , Yamani Zahra , Fritzsche Helmut , Rogge Ronald , Pan Ming , Kester Oliver , Marquardt Drew
Published: September 2021

Canada’s access to neutron beams for neutron scattering was significantly curtailed in 2018 with the closure of the National Research Universal (NRU) reactor in Chalk River, Ontario, Canada. New sources are needed for the long-term; otherwise, access will only become harder as the global supply shrinks. Compact Accelerator-based Neutron Sources (CANS) offer the possibility of an intense source of neutrons with a capital cost significantly lower than spallation sources. In this paper, we propose a CANS for Canada. The proposal is staged with the first stage offering a medium neutron flux, linear accelerator-based approach for neutron scattering that is also coupled with a boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) station and a positron emission tomography (PET) isotope production station. The first stage will serve as a prototype for a second stage: a higher brightness, higher cost facility that could be viewed as a national centre for neutron applications.
Therapeutic alliance in vocational rehabilitation counseling: Assessing client factors and functioning
Authors: Torres Ayse , Diaz Patricia , Freund Robert , Baker Tracy N. , Baker Andrew Z. , Peluso Paul
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The therapeutic relationship is often acknowledged as one of the most significant factors in clinical process that influences client outcomes. OBJECTIVE: While considerable research has been conducted on the therapeutic relationship in psychotherapy, there is a paucity of research on the impact of the therapeutic relationship in vocational rehabilitation counseling settings. METHODS: This study explored the relationship between areas of client functioning (individual, interpersonal, social, and overall) and the therapeutic alliance among clients who receive services from the State vocational rehabilitation agency. RESULTS: In this study, younger clients (ages between 16 to 29) reported stronger therapeutic alliance. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggested that clients’ perceived individual, interpersonal and overall functioning have a significant positive relationship with the task and bond components of therapeutic relationship.
A preconditioned landweber iteration scheme for the limited-angle image reconstruction
Authors: Shi Lei , Qu Gangrong
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND:

The limited-angle reconstruction problem is of both theoretical and practical importance. Due to the severe ill-posedness of the problem, it is very challenging to get a valid reconstructed result from the known small limited-angle projection data. The theoretical ill-posedness leads the normal equation A T Ax =  A T b of the linear system derived by discretizing the Radon transform to be severely ill-posed, which is quantified as the large condition number of A T A.

OBJECTIVE:

To develop and test a new valid algorithm for improving the limited-angle image reconstruction with the known appropriately small angle range from [Formula: see text].

METHODS:

We propose a reweighted method of improving the condition number of A T Ax =  A T b and the corresponding preconditioned Landweber iteration scheme. The weight means multiplying A T Ax =  A T b by a matrix related to A T A, and the weighting process is repeated multiple times. In the experiment, the condition number of the coefficient matrix in the reweighted linear system decreases monotonically to 1 as the weighting times approaches infinity.

RESULTS:

The numerical experiments showed that the proposed algorithm is significantly superior to other iterative algorithms (Landweber, Cimmino, NWL-a and AEDS) and can reconstruct a valid image from the known appropriately small angle range.

CONCLUSIONS:

The proposed algorithm is effective for the limited-angle reconstruction problem with the known appropriately small angle range.
Síndroma de roubo da subclávia: um caso clínico de aparente hipotensão
Authors:   Médico de Família, Coelho Diana Patrícia Pereira , Silva Inês José Maia da ,   Médico de Família, Okai Hiroshi ,   Médico de Família
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A estenose da artéria subclávia proximal, condicionando a síndroma de roubo da subclávia, é frequentemente secundária a doença arterial aterosclerótica. Pode ser totalmente assintomática ou cursar com sintomas de isquemia do membro superior ipsilateral ou sintomas de isquemia transitória da circulação cerebral posterior. Apesar de o diagnóstico definitivo ser imagiológico, as alterações ao exame objetivo são fortemente sugestivas, nomeadamente um diferencial de pressão arterial entre os dois membros superiores. Descrição do caso: Mulher de 69 anos, com HTA, DM tipo 2, dislipidemia e obesidade, recorreu à consulta por tonturas, cefaleias e descida dos valores tensionais, com dois meses de evolução, tendo decidido suspender a medicação anti-hipertensora. Referia episódio prévio de cefaleia, disartria súbita e sensação de “língua presa”, que motivou ida ao serviço de urgência. Neste, quando observada, já não apresentava qualquer alteração objetiva. No exame físico, na consulta do MF, destacava-se uma PA 108/75mmHg, avaliada no membro superior esquerdo. Devido aos vários fatores de risco ateroscleróticos e ao episódio prévio sugestivo de AIT foram pedidos exames complementares de diagnóstico, incluindo ecodoppler dos vasos cervicais, que demonstrou um fluxo retrógrado da artéria vertebral esquerda, sugestivo de estenose da artéria subclávia esquerda proximal. Na sequência, um EO minucioso revelou um diferencial de PA, entre os dois membros superiores (108/79mmHg à esquerda e 170/81 à direita). Foi recomendado retomar a medicação anti-hipertensora, reforçado o controlo dos múltiplos fatores de risco ateroscleróticos e referenciada a cirurgia vascular. Comentário: Neste caso, os valores tensionais eram aparentemente diminuídos; contudo, após a avaliação da pressão arterial em ambos os membros superiores, constatou-se que a utente mantinha uma HTA grau 2 não controlada. Os autores pretendem alertar para a importância de, no meio das muitas tarefas do dia-a-dia, ser mantida uma boa prática semiológica na determinação da pressão arterial, em ambos os braços.
Fitofotodermatite: um diagnóstico a recordar – Relato de caso
Authors:   Médico de Família, Teixeira Ana Luísa , Teixeira Vera ,   Médico de Família
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A fitofotodermatite consiste numa reação inflamatória causada pela exposição da pele a agente tópico vegetal fotossensibilizante contendo furocumarinas, seguida de exposição a radiação ultravioleta. O caso clínico apresentado mostra a importância de uma cuidada anamnese aquando da avaliação clínica, já que a mesma é considerada a pedra basilar para o diagnóstico desta patologia. Descrição do caso: Homem, 59 anos, técnico de análises clínicas, com antecedentes pessoais de hipertensão arterial essencial medicada e controlada com ramipril 2,5mg e fototipo de pele Fitzpatrick II. Recorre à consulta por quadro de eritema linear e vesículas discretas de conteúdo claro na região anterior de ambos os antebraços que notou subitamente de manhã, na semana anterior. Negava prurido, mas referia sensação de calor e ardor nas lesões. Negava ainda conhecimento de fator desencadeante do quadro clínico, alergias conhecidas, aplicação de algum novo produto cosmético ou fármaco ou exposição solar prolongada, reforçando não ter havido alteração de hábitos diários. Após anamnese mais detalhada, o utente referiu que carregou em braços resíduos provenientes da poda do crescimento excessivo do seu terreno de cultivo, o que incluía arruda. O diagnóstico de fitofotodermatite foi assim estabelecido. Comentário: A família das Rutaceae, onde está incluída a arruda, é a segunda família de plantas que tem mais casos associados de fitofotodermatite. O diagnóstico desta patologia é clínico, sendo a anamnese fundamental para apurar a exposição a plantas que contenham furocumarinas. Neste caso, a apresentação característica de eritema linear e vesículas, com sensação de ardor, sem prurido, aliada a história de exposição a planta produtora de furocumarinas permite estabelecer o diagnóstico. A prevenção é o melhor tratamento, já que a eficácia da aplicação de corticoides tópicos, anti-histamínicos e outras intervenções tem evidência limitada. A hiperpigmentação surge uma a duas semanas após a exposição e pode persistir por mais de um ano.
Internato de medicina geral e familiar em época pandémica: o que (com)promete?
Authors:   Médico de Família, Marques Ana Margarida Dias , Pereira Ana Lúcia Silva ,   Médico de Família
Published: September 2021

O plano de formação em medicina geral e familiar corresponde a um processo bem definido de formação médica contínua que, a partir de março de 2020, se viu balançado na sua estrutura, em detrimento da mobilização dos médicos internos para áreas de atuação não planeadas, mas de extrema importância no combate à pandemia por COVID-19. Neste contexto houve um desvio do percurso formativo que, embora sentido de forma desigual pelos diferentes anos do internato médico, se revelou transversal, existindo uma potencial quebra do fio condutor da aprendizagem da medicina geral e familiar. Não obstante, a pandemia veio constituir uma força motriz para o médico interno desenvolver novas competências e em áreas até então por explorar, das quais se destacam a aquisição de noções de trabalho em equipa e competências comunicacionais, bem como o aperfeiçoamento das técnicas de consulta telefónica. Também o binómio interno-orientador se tornou mais coeso, pela aprendizagem conjunta em tempo real, e registou-se um enfoque da atividade clínica em detrimento das tarefas curriculares. Sugerem-se estudos que se continuem a debruçar sobre o grau de motivação dos médicos internos de medicina geral e familiar e sobre a forma como as suas novas competências poderão constituir elementos de valorização individual.
ВИХІДНІ ВІДОМОСТІ
Authors: журналу Редакція
Published: September 2021

ВИХІДНІ ВІДОМОСТІ
НАУКОВО-ПРАКТИЧНІ РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЇ ЩОДО ДІЙ ПРИКОРДОННИХ НАРЯДІВ У РІЗНИХ УМОВАХ ОБСТАНОВКИ
Authors: Нікіфоренко Володимир
Published: September 2021

У статті на основі практики несення служби прикордонних нарядів у різних умовах обстановки надано рекомендації щодо дій складу прикордонного наряду, а саме під час перевірки документів у осіб, які перебувають у контрольованому прикордонному районі. Звертається увага на те, що професійна специфіка, коло необхідних прикордоннику професійних знань, умінь та навичок надзвичайно розширилися, і вимоги до належного рівня їх виконання стали жорсткішими. Це потребує високої комунікативної компетенції, умінь вирішувати конфліктні та інші проблемні ситуації. Опанування прикордонниками сучасних способів і прийомів дій у різних умовах обстановки дає можливість більш якісно, ефективно та, насамперед, безпечно виконувати завдання з охорони державного кордону. Пропонується тактика взаємодії наряду в складі двох-трьох прикордонників під час перевірки документів у ймовірного правопорушника. Виокремлено оптимальну тактику поведінки складу прикордонного наряду для конкретного правопорушення, що дозволить забезпечити належний рівень особистої безпеки прикордонного наряду.