bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Limited Interaction Targeted Epidemiology of HIV in Sexual and Gender Minority American Adolescents and Adults: Feasibility of the Keeping it LITE Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gleason Neil , Serrano Pedro A , Muñoz Alejandro , French Audrey , Hosek Sybil
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

HIV infection rates among sexual minority men and transgender individuals, particularly adolescents and young adults, remain elevated in the United States despite continued improvement in the HIV public health response. However, there remains a knowledge gap in understanding the barriers faced by this community in receiving HIV care and prevention resources. To address this, the Keeping it LITE study was conducted to assess HIV risk factors and barriers to preventive treatment in a large national cohort of young sexual minority men and transgender individuals at high risk of HIV infection.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of enrolling a large remote cohort, challenges encountered in recruitment, and adjustments made to address these challenges.

METHODS

A large national cohort (n=3444) of young sexual minority men and transgender individuals were recruited. Participants were recruited via advertisements on social media; social apps for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer individuals; print advertising; and word-of-mouth. Before enrolling, participants verified their HIV status using an at-home HIV test or by providing their own testing documentation. Descriptive statistics were generated, and a series of logistic regressions were conducted to evaluate demographic differences between recruitment methods, HIV testing methods, and enrollment status.

RESULTS

The Keeping it LITE study was particularly successful in recruiting participants via social media, with over half of the participants recruited from advertisements on social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat. Participants were also recruited via word-of-mouth; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer apps (ie, Grindr, Scruff); and print advertisements, and participants recruited from these sources tended to be older and have a higher risk profile. The study was also successful in recruiting a large sample of transgender youth, particularly transgender men and nonbinary individuals. At-home HIV testing was acceptable and more heavily used by younger participants, although several barriers were encountered and overcome in the implementation of this testing. The study had more limited success in recruiting participants aged 13-17 years because of lower enrollment rates and barriers to advertising on social media platforms. The implications of these findings for the future development of HIV research and intervention protocols among sexual minorities and trans youth are discussed.

CONCLUSIONS

The methods used in the Keeping it LITE study, particularly recruitment via social media, were found to be feasible and acceptable to participants.
Del guionamoroso al canovaccio. El caso de las bodas gays
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Maximiliano Marentes
Published: June 2021

En el presente artículo propongo comprender las bodas entre varones gays problematizando la noción de guion amoroso. Entiendo estas celebraciones como un canovaccio, una suerte de proto-libreto teatral de la comedia del arte italiana. A partir del análisis de historias de amor entre varones, que aparecieron en producciones culturales argentinas entre 2010 y 2015, pongo a prueba este esquema analítico. Los ejes que estructuran el trabajo refieren al carácter político del matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo, el proceso de decisión por casarse, la organización de la boda como un punto de inflexión y la descripción de otras personas que acompañan a las parejas en esa celebración. El objetivo es analizar cómo las bodas gays se debaten constantemente entre lo viejo, lo nuevo y lo prestado.
INTELLECTUALIZATION OF ELECTRICITY METERING AS A TOOL TO REDUCE ELECTRIC POWER LOSSES
Authors:   NATALIA VIKTOROVNA SAVINA  Amur State University, SAVINA NATALIA VIKTOROVNA , GAMOLIN VLADIMIR ALEXANDROVICH ,   VLADIMIR ALEXANDROVICH GAMOLIN  Amur State University, MYASOEDOVA LARISA ANATOLIEVNA ,   LARISA ANATOLIEVNA MYASOEDOVA  Amur State University
Published: June 2021

Given the ever-increasing cost of electrical energy, minimizing of power losses is one of the main tasks for the electric grid systems. In this paper, we consider the features of intellectualization of electricity metering and the effect of the introduction of smart metering systems in terms of reduction of power losses.
Meroanencephaly in an English Pointer Neonate
Authors: Cerqueira da Silva Luisa Mariano , Piúma Gonçalves Helena , Dos Santos Thaís Cozza , De Castro Clarissa Caetano , Fernandes Cristina Gevehr , Grecco Fabiane Borelli , Varela Junior Antonio Sergio , Corcini Carine Dahl
Published: June 2021

Background: Malformations are structural or functional abnormalities in the organs and structures present at birth. These conditions are rarely described in the newborns of dogs and can lead to their death. Meroanencephaly is a defect of the neural tube closure malformation. This study aims to characterize the clinical-pathological aspects of neonatal meroanencephaly since brain malformations are rare in newborn dogs.Case: A two-day-old English Pointer canine was sent for a necropsy. The newborn belonged to a litter of eight puppies, and only this one had macroscopic cranial alterations. Another puppy that died as a consequence of being trampled by the bitch was also necropsied. The newborn was alive for 48 h until death and presented apathy, crying, sucking reflex and opisthotonus. Macroscopic examination of the baby revealed flattening of the skull, with a slit at the site of bone symphysis fusion, and a slit in the skin of the parietal region, covered by thin, translucent meningeal tissue. The heads of the two animals were examined by radiography to identify the features of anencephaly in one of the animals by visualizing skull bone flattening. Upon removing the skin and exposing the cranial cavity, an irregular reddish mass was revealed, that corresponded microscopically to area cerebrovasculosa, composed of neurons, rudimentary glial tissue, vascular neoformations, as well as hemorrhagic areas.Discussion: Meroanencephaly is a type of anencephaly, a congenital malformation originating from abnormal neurulation, which results from the absence of neural fold fusion during neural tube formation. Live-born anencephalics have some brainstem-driven functions such as spontaneous breathing and some reflex responses, for instance, suction. Several genetic or teratogenic factors, such as viruses, radiation, drugs administered during pregnancy and other pathologies transmitted from bitch to fetus, can lead to this defect. The reports on anatomopathological findings and the presence of area cerebrovasculosa are rare.
Influence of scarification and gibberellic acid on seed dormancy and germination of pomegranate seedlings
Authors: Honorato Monteiro Laís Naiara , Arruda Ferreira Antonio Flavio , Faria Glaucia Amorim , Fontanetti Rodrigues Maria Gabriela , Boliani Aparecida Conceição
Published: June 2021

Contextualization: Due to the importance of pomegranate among fruit species, studies on the physiology of its seeds and the production of seedlings are essential for the expansion of commercial orchards.

Knowledge gap: With the portrayed importance of this crop and its use in various sectors, such as agro-industrial and pharmaceutical products, the development of continuous and straightforward propagation techniques that provide a uniform seedling development will provide favorable conditions for the cultivation and exploitation of the species, improving its use and boosting new research. 

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of scarification and immersion in gibberellic acid on the dormancy of pomegranate seeds, aiming at accelerating the emergence and improving the initial growth of seedlings.

Methodology: The sarcotesta was removed and the seeds were scarified. The treatments consisted of a scarified control, a non-scarified control (seeds with and without scarification), and seeds subjected to the concentrations of 500 mg L-1, 1,000 mg L-1, and 1,500 mg L-1 of GA3. The following variables were evaluated: initial emergence, emergence percentage, mean emergence time, leaf number, stem diameter, shoot length, root length, and total dry matter.

Results and conclusions: The pomegranate cv. Valencian seeds do not have tegument-related dormancy. In order to favor the emergence percentage and the initial growth of pomegranate seedlings, mechanical scarification and immersion of the seeds in GA3 are dispensed. Scarification and immersion of pomegranate seeds in 500 mg L-1 of GA3 are recommended to produce seedlings in a shorter time.
Seasonal variation of brain size in a freshwater top predator
Authors: Versteeg Evan , Fernandes Timothy , Guzzo Matthew , Laberge Frederic , Middel Trevor , Ridgway Mark , McMeans Bailey
Published: June 2021

1. Teleost fishes occupy a range of ecosystem and habitat types subject
to large seasonal fluctuations. Temperate fishes in particular, survive
large shifts in temperature, light availability, and access to certain
habitats across seasons. Yet, there is limited understanding of how
behavioral responses to a seasonally shifting environment might shape,
or be shaped by, the nervous system. 2. Here we quantified variation in
relative brain size and the size of five externally visible brain
regions in a freshwater top predator, lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush),
across six consecutive seasons in two different lakes. Acoustic
telemetry data from one of our study lakes was collected during the
study period from a different subset of individuals and used to infer
relationships between brain size and seasonal behaviors (habitat use and
movement rate). 3. Our results indicated that lake trout relative brain
size was larger in the fall and winter compared to the spring and summer
in both lakes. Larger brains coincided with increased use of nearshore
lake habitats and increased horizontal movement rates by lake trout in
the fall and winter based on acoustic telemetry. The telencephalon
followed the same pattern as whole brain size, while the other brain
regions (cerebellum, optic tectum, olfactory bulbs, hypothalamus) were
only smaller in the spring. 4. Seasonal shifts in total brain size might
reflect greater underlying changes in the size of the telencephalon.
These findings provide evidence that flexibility in brain size could
underpin shifts in behavior which could subserve functions associated
with differential habitat use during cold and warm seasons and allow
fish to succeed in seasonally variable temperate environments.
Assessment of vitamin D levels in zona zoster
Authors: dere göktürk , Ozturk Murat
Published: June 2021

Aim: Vitamin D affects the secretion of antimicrobial peptides
associated with toll-like receptor (TLR), which have antiviral effects.
It has been suggested that vitamin D may affect the susceptibility of
the host to varicella zoster virus (VZV) and the clinical course of zona
zoster. Materials and Methods: In this study, 101 patients who were
diagnosed with zona zoster at the dermatology outpatient clinic and had
a vitamin D result at the time of diagnosis and a control group of 100
people were included. Results were analyzed statistically. Results: The
25-OH vitamin D levels of the patients ranged from 2.37 to 32.98 µg / L
and the mean value was 14.25 ± 7.20 µg / L. In the control group, 25-OH
vitamin D levels ranged between 10.3 and 44.25 µg / L, and the mean
value was 24.9 ± 6.24 µg / L. 25-OH vitamin D levels in the patient
group were significantly lower than the levels in the control group. (p
<0.001) Conclusion: This study revealed that 25-OH vitamin D
levels were significantly lower in patients with zona zoster compared to
the control group. 25-OH vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of
VZV reactivation, and vitamin D supplementation in patients with vitamin
D deficiency in zona zoster may help the mild course of the disease.
Equivalence between invariant measures and statistical solutions for the 2D non-autonomous magneto-micropolar fluid equations
Authors: Li Yanjiao , Li Xiaojun
Published: June 2021

In this article, we aim to investigate the regularity of statistical
solution for the 2D non-autonomous magneto-micropolar fluid equations as
well as the relationship between invariant measures and statistical
solutions. Firstly, to get the regularity of the statistical solution,
we prove the existence and regularity of the pullback attractor for the
equations. Then we prove the statistical solution possesses some
regularity properties by using regularity of the pullback attractor.
Finally, we prove the statistical solution is actual an invariant
measure for the equations.
Neural Response Time Analysis: XAI Using Only a Stopwatch
Authors: Taylor Eric , Shekhar Shashank , Taylor Graham
Published: June 2021

How would you describe the features that a deep learning model composes
if you were restricted to measuring observable behaviours? Explainable
artificial intelligence (XAI) methods rely on privileged access to model
architecture and parameters that is not always feasible for most users,
practitioners, and regulators. Inspired by cognitive psychology research
on humans, we present a case for measuring response times (RTs) of a
forward pass using only the system clock as a technique for XAI. Our
method applies to the growing class of models that use input-adaptive
dynamic inference and we also extend our approach to standard models
that are converted to dynamic inference post hoc. The experimental logic
is simple: If the researcher can contrive a stimulus set where
variability among input features is tightly controlled, differences in
response time for those inputs can be attributed to the way the model
composes those features. First, we show that RT is sensitive to
difficult, complex features by comparing RTs from ObjectNet and
ImageNet. Next, we make specific a priori predictions about RT for
abstract features present in the SCEGRAM dataset, where object
recognition in humans depends on complex intra-scene object-object
relationships. Finally, we show that RT profiles bear specificity for
class identity, and therefore the features that define classes. These
results cast light on the model’s feature space without opening the
black box.
Prevalence and Predictors of Left Atrial Appendage Inactivity in patients of Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis in Sinus Rhythm- An observational study.
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Saibal , dwivedi yogesh , Yusuf Jamal , uppal abhimanyu , MEHTA VIMAL
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Systemic thromboembolism is a known complication of
rheumatic mitral stenosis (RMS) in sinus rhythm (SR). Left atrial
appendage (LAA), the commonest site of thrombus formation is usually
hypocontractile (inactive) in such patients. We aimed to study the
prevalence of LAA inactivity (LAAI) in severe RMS and assess its
independent predictors. METHODS: The study population consisted of 100
patients of severe RMS in sinus rhythm. Transthoracic and
transesophageal echocardiography were done to assess LAA contractile
function. Patients with LAA-peak emptying velocity <25 cm/sec
were defined as having LAAI. RESULTS: The mean age of study subjects was
31.66±8.69 years and 56% were females. 73% patients had LAAI (Group
A), while remaining 27% had normal LAA function (Group B). Mitral-valve
area (MVA) and lateral annulus systolic velocity (Sa-wave) were
significantly lower while mean pressure gradient across mitral valve
(MGMV) and serum fibrinogen were significantly higher (all p-values
<0.001) in group A patients. On multivariate regression
analysis, MGMV (p<0.001), Sa-wave (p=0.02) and serum
fibrinogen (p=0.005) were independent predictors of LAAI. Optimal
cut-off values of MGMV, Sa-wave and serum fibrinogen for predicting LAAI
were 11.5mmHg, 6.8cm/sec and 300mg/dL respectively.67(90.55%) patients
in group A compared to 13(48.1%) in group B had LA/LAA smoke. LAAI was
the only independent predictor of left atrium (LA)/LAA smoke and
associated thrombus. CONCLUSION: There is high prevalence of LAAI in
patients of severe MS in SR. MGMV, Sa-wave and serum fibrinogen levels
are independent predictors of LAAI. LAAI is an independent predictor of
LA/LAA smoke and associated thrombus.
Improving the technical potential of agrarian enterprises
Authors: Mamai Oksana , Volkonskaya Anna , Parsova Velta
Published: June 2021

The technological potential of agricultural enterprise is complex system consisting of various elements with different functional capabilities and features, which are characterized by the characteristics of complex systems. The complexity of technological potential lies in the presence in structure of its several elements - technological preparation of production, equipment and technology. There is no doubt that the basis of technological potential is an active part of main production assets, namely the equipment park. Working machines and equipment, instrumentation, transmission devices and tooling - this is exactly what primarily determines the level of labour productivity. The aim of the study is to develop recommendations for efficient use of machinery of agrarian enterprises as part of their technological potential, to solve important task of developing them and improving quality and competitiveness of their products. In methodological basis of this research various methods were used: an analytical method, abstract and logical method, system approach, statistical and economic analysis, method of analogies, and method of comparative and expert estimates. The study showed that in order to increase the efficiency of use of technical equipment and more fully satisfy agricultural producers in technical services, it is necessary to create the technical centre for maintenance and repair of agricultural machines. As result, implementation of preventive strategy of technical maintenance and repair of equipment will reduce the number of machine failures by 2 - 2.5 times, increase the use of resource of their components and mechanisms by 30%, and significantly reduce the loss of agricultural products due to long downtime of mechanization equipment and crop shortages while increasing agro-technical timelines for field work.
Hijacking Dorsal Raphe to Improve Metabolism and Depression-like Behaviors via BDNF Gene Transfer in Mice
Authors: Xiu Jianbo , Han Rongrong , Liu Zeyue , Li Jiayu , Liu Shu , Shen Yan , Ding Yu-Qiang , Xu Qi
Published: June 2021

Moods and metabolism modulate each other. High
comorbidity of depression and metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity
poses a great challenge to treat such condition. Here we report the therapeutic
efficacy of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by gene transfer in the
dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) in a chronic unpredictable mild stress model of
depression (CUMS) and models of diabetes and obesity. In CUMS, BDNF-expressing
mice displayed antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like behaviors, which are associated
with augmented serotonergic activity. Both in the diet-induced obesity model
(DIO) and in db/db mice，BDNF ameliorated obesity and diabetes, which may be
mediated by enhanced sympathetic activity, not involving DRN serotonin. Chronic
activation of DRN neurons via chemogenetic tools produced similar effects as
BDNF in DIO mice. These results established the DRN as a key nexus in
regulating depression-like behaviors and metabolism, which can be exploited to
combat comorbid depression and metabolic disorders via BDNF gene transfer.
A New Approach for the Pseudo-Quaternionic Lorentzian Evolute and Involute Curves
Authors: KARADAĞ Müge
Published: June 2021

In this study, the main purpose is to obtain pseudo quaternionic Lorentzian evolute-involute curves on L_Q^4. In fact the pseudo quaternion is a quaternion which has 3-dimension and its temporal part is ziro. So it has only vectoral part of the quaternions. Thus, if defined a pseudo-quaternionic curve on L_Q^4, then its quaternionic part is pseudo quaternion. What is meant to do here, to write out Lorentzian evolute-involute curves of the quaternionic time-like curves in L_Q^4 using quaternions and to reveal some relationships between these curves.
Avaliação das habilidades auditivas temporais na doença de Parkinson
Authors: Silva Luísa Verzola da , Blasi Helena Ferro , Campos Patrícia Dominguez , Braga Junior Joel De , Padilha Fernanda Yasmin Odila Maestri Miguel , Pinheiro Maria Madalena Canina
Published: June 2021

Introdução: O processamento temporal é um dos mais importantes aspectos a ser analisado por sua forte ligação com a linguagem e cognição; sendo assim, dificuldades de compreensão da linguagem podem estar presentes nos parkinsonianos. Objetivo: Avaliar as habilidades auditivas temporais de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Estudo do tipo observacional, transversal, no qual foram avaliados 14 indivíduos (média de idade de 64 anos), sendo sete do grupo estudo com diagnóstico de DP, e o grupo controle composto por sete indivíduos sem a doença. Os indivíduos realizaram o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental e avaliação audiológica básica para excluir indício de demência e presença de perda auditiva com grau elevado. Para avaliar as habilidades auditivas foram selecionados os seguintes testes especiais do processamento auditivo central: Teste Dicótico de Dígitos, Teste de Padrão de Frequência e teste de detecção de Gaps in Noise. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Os indivíduos do grupo estudo tiveram pior desempenho que o grupo controle em todos os testes do PAC avaliados. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos para o teste padrão de frequência (p-valor: 0,041) e para o teste GIN na orelha esquerda (p-valor: 0,015). Conclusão: Foi possível concluir que os indivíduos com DP apresentam maior comprometimento das habilidades auditivas de ordenação e resolução temporal em relação ao grupo de idosos saudáveis. Sugere-se que indivíduos com DP realizem avaliação das habilidades auditivas, pois a reabilitação envolvendo os aspectos temporais da audição pode melhorar a comunicação e sociabilização desses indivíduos.
Análise da mastigação e deglutição na paralisia cerebral com deficiência visual: estudo de caso
Authors: Costa Wanessa Moura , Nascimento Gerlane Karla Bezerra Oliveira
Published: June 2021

Introdução: A Paralisia Cerebral pode acarretar alterações em qualquer uma das fases da deglutição, causando uma disfagia neurogênica. No entanto, desordem neurológica e deficiência visual associada é um tema pouco estudado. A criança com a ausência do canal visual, geralmente tem pouca noção na estrutura do espaço e até mesmo em relação à sua estrutura corporal e organizacional. É sabido que a Paralisia Cerebral discorre atrasos no padrão mastigatório e da deglutição, mas questiona-se se a deficiência visual pode interferir ou não neste desempenho. Objetivo: O propósito deste estudo foi analisar as funções de mastigação e o tempo de deglutição em criança com paralisia cerebral e deficiência visual associada. Método: Esta pesquisa é de natureza exploratória e descritiva, desenvolvida por meio de um estudo de caso clínico de uma criança com paralisia cerebral e deficiência visual associada. Três consistências de alimento foram examinadas: líquido (suco), pastosa (iogurte) e sólido (pão), sendo cronometrado o tempo gasto para deglutir cada uma delas, durante o horário normal de alimentação. Resultados: os resultados mostraram que a criança com Paralisia Cerebral e Deficiência Visual apresenta dificuldades na função de mastigação e leva mais tempo para deglutir nas consistências sólida e líquida. Conclusão: A deficiência visual associada à paralisia cerebral pode acentuar na dificuldade das funções de mastigação e deglutição.
Oficina de linguagem na atenção psicossocial: vez e voz do sujeito
Authors: Herrero Elaine , Palladino Ruth Ramalho Ruivo
Published: June 2021

Introdução: A oficina de linguagem, tecnologia, por excelência, de trabalho com a saúde mental, é constituída por três pilares: protagonismo, potência criadora e a própria linguagem, como espaço de empoderamento. Objetivo Verificar a percepção dos participantes sobre os efeitos da oficina de linguagem, objeto deste estudo. Método: Foi feito um estudo transversal, descritivo, por meio da introdução de uma temática específica nas rodas de conversa da oficina em questão durante o período do recorte. As sessões foram filmadas por doze semanas, e as rodas de conversa foram transcritas. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo do tipo temática para análise e interpretação dos dados obtidos dos discursos dos seus participantes que exibiam a diversidade postulada em termos de idade, gênero, condição social e saúde. Resultados: Três categorias temáticas foram identificadas e selecionadas por sua relevância: enlaçamento social, protagonismo subjetivo e circulação discursiva. Conclusões: Os resultados apontam narrativas de empoderamento que as vivências da oficina proporcionam, com clara expressão de reconhecimento da assunção ao lugar de falante por todos, posicionamento fundamental para a possibilidade de alcançar vez e voz nas suas relações sociais.
Experimental Analysis of Solar PV Module by Cleaning & Cooling for Optimizing Efficiency
Authors: Srivastava Utpal , Arya Dr Rajeev , Vishwakarma Shravan
Published: June 2021

Sun-oriented energy is a resource of energy on earth. Sun-based energy can be gotten as warmth to create power or it is additionally conceivable to change over sun-based energy straightforwardly into power. The main objective of this project is to catch maximum solar radiation from the sun and increase the overall efficiency of solar panels. To design a cleaning mechanism that runs across the length of the panel. To avoid dust-associated problems on the solar panels. The temperature in case of water cooling system was lowered down to 410C from the ambient temperature 440C at 14:00 in the morning of 21/09/2020. The power output was 4.789W and in case of set up having dust on the surface of the solar panel the temperature rose to 490C with power reduced to 4.00185W. The temperature in case of water cooling system was lowered down to 400C from the ambient temperature 430C at 14:00 in the morning of 22/09/2020. The power output was 4.89W and in case of set up having dust on the surface of the solar panel the temperature rose to 490C with power reduced to 4.00185W. The outcomes for day 3 of the experimentation were also recorded on 23/09/2020 and the setup with a cooling system produces a maximum power of 5.20 W by lowering the temperature to 370C from the maximum ambient temperature of the day 410C
Improving the Efficiency of High-Speed AC Contact Suspension
Authors:   Russian University of Transport – RUT MIIT, SHEVLYUGIN Maksim V. , SEMENOVA Daria V. ,   Russian University of Transport – RUT MIIT
Published: June 2021

When developing a high-speed contact suspension for railways electrified with alternating current, it is important to ensure that the electric rolling stock passes the neutral insert without turning off the current and without reducing the speed of movement. The article provides an analysis of previously developed devices in the field of power supply of electrified railways of single-phase alternating current, in which an attempt was made to pass an electric rolling stock of a neutral insert without disconnecting the load. The device of isolating coupling of a catenary and a neutral insert for high-speed railway lines electrified on alternating current is described. In this case, the passage of the neutral insert is carried out under current and braking of the electric rolling stock will not occur. Among other things, to improve the efficiency of high-speed contact suspension for railways electrified with alternating current, it is proposed to use new materials and new technologies that can be used in the device of insulating coupling of the catenary
Determining the Rational Electrical Operation Modes of Industrial Electric Arc Furnaces
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Kruchinin Anatoliy M. , Pogrebisskiy Mikhail Ya. ,   NRU MPEI, Ryazanova Elena S. ,   NRU MPEI, Chursin Andrey Yu. ,   NRU MPEI
Published: June 2021

The choice of a rational electrical mode of existing or newly commissioned electric arc furnaces (EAFs) is a very difficult task for process engineers in view of the influence of external disturbing factors. Based on an electric arc heat-transfer model (EAHTM), a method is proposed, using which the problem of determining the optimal electrical operation mode can be solved with the minimal number of simplifications and assumptions, and with taking into account the specific features of a particular EAF. In solving the problem, the following factors are taken into account: the arc heat transfer conditions in the melting space; the influence of the thermal operation conditions of the electrodes and the arc length on the structure of heat fluxes during the heating by arcs, and the effect the chemical composition of the working medium has on the thermophysical properties of the arc column plasma. The radiation from EAF arcs with taking into account the column temperature profile is calculated using the method of universal arc characteristics based on the solution of a system of nonlinear algebraic equations of the EAHTM column cylindrical model. The arc length calculation is based on the EAHTM structural characteristics method and consists of comparing the arc voltage value calculated using the furnace equivalent circuit equation and the arc voltage calculated using the EAHTM. Knowing the arc length, it is possible to calculate the arc radiation power in the EAF melting space. The choice of an electrical operation mode implies specifying an electrical parameter to be maintained by the controller for a certain period of melting. The value of this parameter (arc current or the EAF phase loop impedance) governs the other electrical parameters of the electric furnace installation, such as arc power, electrical losses, power factors, efficiency, etc. In addition, the correct choice of the electrical operation mode has an influence on other important operational characteristics, such as the specific consumption of electrodes, the duration of the interval between repairs, etc.
PELATIHAN PENYUSUNAN RPP MODEL 1 LEMBAR VERSI MENTERI NADIEM BAGI GURU SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ndiung Sabina , Menggo Sebastianus
Published: June 2021

Kegiatan pembelajaran dirancang untuk memberikan pengalaman belajar yang melibatkan proses mental dan fisik melalui interaksi antarsiswa, siswa dengan guru, lingkungan dan sumber belajar lainnya untuk pencapaian suatu kompetensi. Rencana pelakanaan pembelajaran (RPP) memiliki peran penting dalam menuntun guru pada pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran yang memuat langkah-langkah pembelajaran yang sistematis. Kebijakan baru menteri Nadiem yang tertuang dalam surat edaran No. 14 tahun 2019 tentang penyederhanaan administrasi pembelajaran khususnya terkait rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP) kurikulum 2013 menjadi model RPP 1 lembar atau disebut sebagai RPP merdeka belajar. Penyederhanaan bertujuan agar guru lebih memprioritaskan keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran, tidak dibebankan oleh administrasi pembelajaran mengingat guru sendiri telah mengetahui komponenkomponen pembelajaran lainnya. Jika dicermati, penyederhanaan komponen RPP kurikulum 2013 mengadaptasi model yang dikembangkan oleh Glaser yang merupakan model dasar dalam menyusun RPP dangan cakupan komponennya yaitu tujuan, prosedur pembelajaran, dan penilaian. Kegiatan pelatihan penyusunan RPP merdeka belajar di SDN ules berdampak positif terhadap pemahaman guru tentang konsep merdeka belajar, mampu menyusun model RPP merdeka belajar yang memerdekakan siswa dan guru.
Cikkismertetés: A Globális Betegségteher Vizsgálat legutóbbi „nagy dobása”
Authors: Vitrai József , Bakacs Márta
Published: June 2021

Hogyan alakult az utóbbi évtizedekben a halandóság Magyarországon más országokkal összevetve? Mely egészségkockázatok és betegségek okozták a legnagyobb veszteségeket? Hogyan fog alakulni a várható élettartam az ezredforduló derekáig? Ilyen és hasonló kérdésekre keresi és ad hiteles válaszokat immár 1990 óta a Globális Betegségteher Vizsgálat (GBV). A GBV projekt legutóbbi „nagy dobása” azonban még a szakértőket is meglepte: a világ második legrangosabb egészségtudományi folyóirata, a Lancet egy terjedelmes, 450 oldalas különszámot szentelt a GBV projekt legújabb eredményeinek.
A személyi edzői hivatás tudományos és szakmai aspektusai
Authors: Tánczos Zoltán , Bognár József
Published: June 2021

Az elmúlt évtizedben egyre több ember látogatja a fitnesztermeket és a wellnessközpontokat. A látogatók száma nemcsak számszerűen nő, hanem az életkor tekintetében is jóval szélesebb tartományt fog át, mint korábban. Míg a kétezres évek előtt elsősorban a lakosság fiatalabb és viszonylag szűk spektruma vette igénybe ezeket a sportolási lehetőségeket, mára a gyerekfitnesztől kezdve a funkcionális edzésen, aerobik- és aquafitnesz órákon és jógán keresztül a szenior tréningig lényegében a teljes népesség megtalálhatja a számára legmegfelelőbb mozgás- és kikapcsolódási formát az ilyen helyeken. Ezekben a sportközpontokban egyéni és csoportos mozgásformákkal egyaránt találkozunk, valamint a teljesen egyénre szabott edzések megtervezőjével, a személyi edzővel. A kézenfekvő megoldást keresők, és a leghatékonyabb edzések iránt érdeklődők elsősorban személyi edzőket vesznek igénybe, hogy szakszerű és biztonságos keretek között sportoljanak. A nemzetközi szakirodalom áttekintése alapján kijelenthetjük, hogy az elsődlegesen vizsgált szempontok: a személyi edző munkájának hatékonysága, a kliens egészségének megőrzése, a szakirányú képesítést adó intézmények – és így a végzettségek – sokfélesége, a szakmai szabályozás hiánya, az edző interperszonális kompetenciái, a nők felülreprezentáltsága és a túlsúlyos kliensekkel szembeni diszkrimináció. Célunk, hogy a fenti szempontok mentén ismertessük e dinamikusan fejlődő szakterület eddig elért prominens kutatási eredményeit. Mindezek a hazai témaspecifikus kutatások alapjául is szolgálhatnak, amelyek a hétköznapi emberek, a dolgozó lakosság egészségi mutatóit, fittségét, közérzetét kívánják előmozdítani.
Cikkismertetés: A szénhidrátok minősége és az emberi egészség: a témában megjelent áttekintő tanulmányok és metaanalízisek
Authors: Varga Anita
Published: June 2021

A tanulmány az Egészségügyi Világszervezet (WHO) támogatásával valósult meg a szénhidrátokra vonatkozó jelenlegi táplálkozási ajánlások felülvizsgálata céljából. A témában megjelent eddigi felmérések általában vagy csak az egyszerű cukrok egészségre gyakorolt hatását vizsgálták (például, a fogszuvasodás, a túlsúly és az elhízás vonatkozásában), vagy csak limitált klinikai eredményeket adtak. A táplálkozási ajánlások ennek megfelelően alapvetően az étkezési cukrok bevitelének csökkentését célozzák meg, és kisebb hangsúlyt fordítanak az egyéb szénhidrát komponensek, mint például a keményítők vagy az élelmi rostok szerepére.
Cikkismertetés: Egy dán egészségtámogató iskolai intervenciós program megvalósulásának értékelése
Authors: Varga-Nagy Veronika
Published: June 2021

A tanulmány a "We Act” elnevezésű, átfogó, a gyerekeket, a tanárokat és a szülőket egyaránt bevonó dán iskolai egészségtámogató intervenció hatékonyságát vizsgálta. A program célja volt javítani a tanulók étkezési szokásait, fizikai aktivitását, jóllétét, illetve szociális készségeit. A vizsgálat során a kutatók összességében azt tapasztalták, hogy bár a program széleskörű, több környezeti tényezőt is figyelembe vett, hatása mégsem volt kifejezetten mérhető. Feltételezésük szerint a programhatékonyságot a munkában résztvevő oktatók alaposabb, hosszabb ideig tartó felkészítése is növelheti.
The Acquisition of External Vowel Sandhi in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Santos Raquel Santana
Published: June 2021

In this paper I discuss the acquisition of three external vowel sandhi rules (elision, diphthongization, and degemination) in Brazilian Portuguese, based on production data by two children from 1;4 to 3;6 years old. I argue that the acquisition of sandhi rules is dependent on the acquisition of syllable structure. Children are shown to incorrectly apply elision over diphthongization when they start applying sandhi rules, because they do not master the syllable structures that allow them to produce diphthongs. I also show that the properties of the rules are not mastered simultaneously and that the properties related to higher prosodic domains are the first ones to be acquired.
Endüstri 4.0 Sürecinde Dijital Medyada Kültürel Dönüşüm
Authors: AKGÜL Birol
Published: June 2021

Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi (Endüstri 4.0) sürecinde daha öncekilerden farklı özelliklere sahip yeni bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri geliştirilmiş ve kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu yeni bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri tüm sektörlerde olduğu gibi medya sektörünü de hem örgütsel yapısında değişime hem de ekonomik sisteminde dönüşüme zorlamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; medya sektöründe yaşanan büyük değişim ve dönüşümün öncelikle medya çalışanlarının örgüt kültürüne bakış açılarındaki dönüşümü daha sonra da medyanın okuyucu izleyici olan bireyler üzerindeki kültürel etkilerini incelemektir. Çalışmada betimsel araştırma yöntemi ile kurgusal araştırma yöntemleri aynı anda ve birlikte kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda Endüstri 4.0 sürecinde, 4.0 faktörlerinin kullanılmasıyla dijital medyanın dijital görsel kültür ile olan etkileşimi analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında gerçekleştirilen araştırma sonucunda; Endüstri 4.0’ süreci ile birlikte geleneksel medya yapılanmasından dijital medya yapılanmasına doğru önemli oranda bir dönüşüm sürecinin başladığı tespit edilmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak da dijital medyaya özgü yeni bir kültürel algı ve yapılanma oluştuğu görülmektedir. Medyada oluşan bu yeni kültürel oluşum hem medya çalışanlarını hem de izleyici/okuyucu bireyleri etkilemektedir. Aynı zamanda medya işletmeleri de medya çalışanları ve izleyici/okuyucu bireylerden etkilenmektedir. Medyadaki bu kültürel değişim ve dönüşümün döngüsel olarak süreklilik arz ettiği tespit edilmektedir.
Strengthening character value based on experiential learning to reduce student academic cheating behavior
Authors: Darmiany Darmiany , Widiada I Ketut , Nisa Khairun , Maulyda Mohammad Archi , Nurmawanti Iva
Published: June 2021

A strong character has a very important role in many aspects of life, especially the academic field. This study aims to test the effectiveness of experiential learning on strengthening character values in reducing student academic cheating. The subjects of this study were a small group of students (38 people). The instruments used in data collection were academic fraud questionnaires and pretest-posttest questions. The data analysis technique used the Mc Nemar Test. The results of the Mc Nemar Test show that the value of Z count> Z table and a significant value> 0.05, or 3.77> 1.96, and 0.809> 0.05, thus the conclusion is that H0 is rejected. This means that the experiential learning strategy can improve the strengthening of student character and reduce academic cheating.
ChemSpaX: Exploration of Chemical Space by Automated Functionalization of Molecular Scaffold
Authors: Kalikadien Adarsh , Pidko Evgeny A. , Sinha Vivek
Published: June 2021

Local chemical space exploration of an experimentally synthesized material can be done by making slight structuralvariations of the synthesized material. This generation of many molecular structures with reasonable quality,that resemble an existing (chemical) purposeful material, is needed for high-throughput screening purposes inmaterial design. Large databases of geometry and chemical properties of transition metal complexes are notreadily available, although these complexes are widely used in homogeneous catalysis. A Python-based workflow,ChemSpaX, that is aimed at automating local chemical space exploration for any type of molecule, is introduced.The overall computational workflow of ChemSpaX is explained in more detail. ChemSpaX uses 3D information,to place functional groups on an input structure. For example, the input structure can be a catalyst for which onewants to use high-throughput screening to investigate if the catalytic activity can be improved. The newly placedsubstituents are optimized using a computationally cheap force-field optimization method. After placement ofnew substituents, higher level optimizations using xTB or DFT instead of force-field optimization are also possiblein the current workflow. In representative applications of ChemSpaX, it is shown that the structures generated byChemSpaX have a reasonable quality for usage in high-throughput screening applications. Representative applicationsof ChemSpaX are shown by investigating various adducts on functionalized Mn-based pincer complexes,hydrogenation of Ru-based pincer complexes, functionalization of cobalt porphyrin complexes and functionalizationof a bipyridyl functionalized cobalt-porphyrin trapped in a M2L4 type cage complex. Descriptors such asthe Gibbs free energy of reaction and HOMO-LUMO gap, that can be used in data-driven design and discoveryof catalysts, were selected and studied in more detail for the selected use cases. The relatively fast GFN2-xTBmethod was used to calculate these descriptors and a comparison was done against DFT calculated descriptors.ChemSpaX is open-source and aims to bolster the efforts of the scientific community towards data-driven materialdiscovery.
GenUI: Interactive and Extensible Open Source Software Platform for De Novo Molecular Generation
Authors: Šícho Martin , Liu Xuhan , Svozil Daniel , van Westen Gerard
Published: June 2021

This manuscript describes the development and architecture of the GenUI software platform for integration of molecular generators. The source code for the components of the platform is available in the following repositories:

https://github.com/martin-sicho/genuihttps://github.com/martin-sicho/genui-guihttps://github.com/martin-sicho/genui-docker
Quantum Tunneling Mechanisms in Monolayer Graphene Modulated by Multiple Electrostatic Barriers
Authors: Dakhlaoui Hassen , Belhadj Walid , Wong Bryan
Published: June 2021

The transmission coefficient and electronic conductance of a graphene monolayer in the presence of multi-electrostatic barriers are theoretically investigated using the transfer matrix method (TMM). The transmission coefficient, conductance, and Fano factor are evaluated as a function of the number and width of the barriers, angle/energy of incidence, as well as the applied potential at each barrier. We find that the transmission coefficient presents a series of resonances that depends on the number and widths of the barriers. Furthermore, we show that the resonant states can be suppressed for larger incidence angles and barrier widths and tuned towards lower energies. Consequently, the proposed structure can be used to fabricate new optoelectronic devices based on (ON/OFF) states as tunable field-effect transistors.
A Bifunctional Copper Catalyst Enables Ester Reduction with H2: Expanding the Reactivity Space of Nucleophilic Copper Hydrides
Authors: Zimmermann Birte , Tran Ngoc Trung , Tzaras Dimitrios-Ioannis , Kaicharla Trinadh , Teichert Johannes F.
Published: June 2021

Employing a bifunctional catalyst based on a copper(I)/NHC complex and a guanidine organocatalyst, catalytic ester reductions to alcohols with H2 as terminal reducing agent are facilitated. The approach taken here enables the simul-taneous activation of esters through hydrogen bonding and formation of nucleophilic copper(I) hydrides from H2, resulting in a catalytic hydride transfer to esters. The reduction step is further facilitated by a proton shuttle mediated by the guani-dinium subunit. This bifunctional approach to ester reductions for the first time shifts the reactivity of generally considered “soft” copper(I) hydrides to previously unreactive “hard” ester electrophiles and paves the way for a replacement of stoichi-ometric reducing agents by a catalyst and H2.
Two Simple and Reliable Metrics of Molecular Planarity: Molecular Planarity Parameter (MPP) and Span of Deviation from Plane (SDP)
Authors: Lu Tian
Published: June 2021

Planarity is a very important structural character of molecules, which is closely related to many molecular properties. However, there is currently no simple, universal, and robust way to measure molecular planarity. In order to fill this evident gap, we propose two metrics of molecular planarity, namely molecular planarity parameter (MPP) and span of deviation from plane (SDP), to quantitatively characterize planarity of molecules. MPP reflects the overall degree of deviation of the structure from a plane, while SDP represents the span of the structural deviation relative to the fitting plane, respectively, they are complementary to each other. The examples in this article demonstrate that these metrics have strong rationality and practicality. They can not only be used to investigate the planarity of the entire molecule, but can also measure the planarity of local structures, and they can even be employed to study variation of molecular planarity during a dynamic process. In addition, we also proposes a new representation, namely coloring atoms according to their signed deviation distance to the fitting plane. This kind of map allows researchers to intuitively and quickly recognize position of the atoms in the system relative to the fitting plane. It can be seen from the examples that this representation is very useful in graphically exhibiting molecular planarity. The methods proposed in this work have been implemented in our open-source analysis code Multiwfn, which can be freely obtained via http://sobereva.com/multiwfn. The use is very simple and rich file formats are supported as input file.
Azoacetylenes for the Synthesis of Arylazotriazole Photoswitches
Authors: Pfaff Patrick , Anderl Felix , Fink Moritz , Balkenhohl Moritz , Carreira Erick
Published: June 2021

We report a modular approach towards novel arylazotriazole photoswitches and their photophysical characterization. Addition of lithiated TIPS-acetylene to aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salts gives a wide range of azoacetylenes, constituting an underexplored class of stable intermediates. In situ desilylation transiently leads to terminal arylazoacetylenes that undergo copper-catalyzed cycloadditions (CuAAC) with a diverse collection of organoazides. These include complex molecules derived from natural products or drugs, such as colchicine, taxol, tamiflu, and arachidonic acid. The arylazotriazoles display near-quantitative photoisomerization and long thermal Z-half-lives. Using the method, we introduce for the first time the design and synthesis of a diacetylene platform that permits implementation of a consecutive and diversity-oriented approach linking two different conjugants to independently addressable acetylenes within a common photoswitchable azotriazole. This is showcased in the synthesis of several photoswitchable conjugates, with potential applications as photoPROTACs and photoswitchable biotin conjugates