bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibility of growing elecampane in conditions of non-watering field crop production
Authors: Filipovic V. , Jevdjovic R. , Glamoclija Djordje , Jovanovic Bogdan
Published: October 2010

Intensively researching different populations of elecampane, we are able to present the results of yield achieved during three years' microexperiments (2001, 2002, 2003) realized in non-watering field crop production. Comparing the results of yield, it was concluded that all five populations had higher yield, both fresh and dry elecampane root mass, compared to standard cultivars called "Domaca". The highest yield of 28,617 kg ha"1 of fresh, and 8,301 kg ha"1 of dry root had the population "NS", and it was more than standard. Considerable results were achieved by the population "SZ" (77 % higher yield of fresh mass, and 70 % of dry mass), also the population "BM " (62 % higher yield of fresh mass, and 84 % of dry mass). The lowest yield had the population "SG" and standard cultivars "Domaca", mostly because of late planting in the second study year.
Chemical composition of the rumen contents in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) as potential quality indicator of their feeding
Authors: Djordjevic Nenad , Popovic Zoran , Grubic Goran
Published: October 2010

In the experiment the chemical composition of rumen contents in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) was investigated in the "Sarajevska Reka" hunting area. The investigations were done on 20 deer shot from May 2005 to January 2006. Experiment was done as random plan, with four treatments (seasons) and uneven distribution of subjects within treatments. The results of chemical analysis confirmed significant influence of season on the amount of total nitrogen and crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, ash and ammonia nitrogen (P<0.05). Variations in pH values, NFE, calcium and phosphorus in dry matter and total ash of the rumen contents were lower and there was no significant influence of season on those parameters. The obtained results for total protein, calcium and phosphorus in the rumen contents in roe deer shot during the winter show significantly higher presence of those components than the usual recommendations for concentrate mixtures produced for the species. Although those results are not a real indication of the diet's chemical composition, they may be used as potential indicator of the quality of the diet and can be useful when formulating the additional feeding routine for winter months.
Potential new tool for weed control in organically grown agronomic crops
Authors: Knezevic Stevan , Ulloa Santiago
Published: October 2010

Field experiments were conducted during summer 2007 to determine a baseline information on crop and weed tolerance to broadcast flaming utilizing different rates of propane. The species evaluated were: maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum halepense), soybean (Glycine max), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), barnyardgrass (Echinocloa crus-galli), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). The propane rates applied were 0, 12.1, 30.9, 49.7, 68.5 and 87.22 kg/ha. The response of the plants to propane rates were described by log-logistic models. Plant response to flame varied depending on the species, growth stage and propane rate. Broadleaf weeds were more susceptible to flames than grasses. Field maize and sorghum were less susceptible, while soybean and sunflower were severely injured. Of all crops tested, broadcast flaming has the most potential for use in field maize.
Influence of drought on seedling development in different corn genotypes (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Radic Velimir , Vujakovic Milka , Marjanovic-Jeromela Ana
Published: October 2010

Assuming that drought affects corn seed performance, such conditions were simulated in this study in order to examine their effects on seedling geminability and length in several corn genotypes. The study showed that the tested seeds tolerated the stress conditions up to a certain point. The studied genotypes differed in level of resistance to the stress conditions. Salt concentrations were determined, which were capable of negatively affecting seed germinability and seedling growth.
The effect of crop density and applied nitrogen on the interaction between Lolium italicum and Galium aparine
Authors: Vrbnicanin Sava , Kresovic Mirjana , Bozic Dragana , Simic Aleksandar , Zivkovic Nebojsa
Published: October 2010

The effect of different densities of Italian ryegrass (Lolium italicum L.: G1- 5 kg/ha seeds, 60 cm row spacing; G2- 5 kg/ha seeds, 20 cm row spacing; G3- 20 kg/ha seeds, 60 cm row spacing, and G4- 20 kg/ha seeds, 20 cm row spacing) and different rates of applied nitrogen fertilizer (N1- 0 kg N/ha; N2 - 50 kg N/ha; N3- 100 kg N/ha and N4-150 kg N/ha) on SPAD values under interaction between the crop and cleavers (Galium aparine L) was investigated. A tri-factorial trial (4 sowing rates x 4 fertilization rates x 4 sampling times) with three replications was set up in a random block design with plot size 10 m2 on a anthropogenious soil in the Sabac area in 2005/2006. SPAD was measured at 30 random plants of L. italicum and G. aparine on each plot four times during vegetation (V1- tillering; V2 - stem extension; V3- flagleaf, and V4-earing), and nitrogen content in plants was then computed. Relative nitrogen content in plant material was used as a parameter of competitive interaction between the cultivated and weed species. Total nitrogen in plant material was also analyzed. The data acquired showed that SPAD values were normally higher in L. italicum than in G. aparine under almost all crop densities and nitrogen rates applied, and maximum values were recorded in the third growing stage (flagleaf) at G3 density and treatment rate of 100 kg N/ha. The highest biomass yield (6 033.0 kg/ha) and seed yield (1 129.0 kg/ha) of Italian ryegrass were achieved in the same variants, i.e. at crop density of 5 kg/ha seeds, 60 cm row spacing and 100 kg N/ha fertilizer, and the crop developed in competition with the weed species G. aparine at an average population density of 15-25 plants/m2.
Economic efficiency of investments in cattle production at family farms
Authors: Ivanovic Sanjin
Published: October 2010

Using the models of family farms implementing cattle production, it has been analyzed how economic efficiency and financial feasibility of the cattle production investments is influenced by the size of family farms; the type of production; the way of securing of the land for the forage production, both under the safe and risky circumstances. During the analysis of economic efficiency the dynamical methods of investment evaluation have been used, as well as the appropriate method for risk estimation of investments. Besides, in the study has been analyzed an earlier development of the cattle production in the Republic of Serbia, its present conditions, as well as the prospective developments of the bovine production. Judging by the acquired data, it has been established that the family farms investments with a larger number of cows are more economically efficient and more financially feasible, as well as that these investments have a lower level of risk taking in the uncertain conditions of business undertakings.
Use of biophysical methods to improve yields and quality of agricultural products
Authors: Marinkovic Branko , Grujic Miroslav , Marinkovic Dusko , Crnobarac Jovan , Marinkovic Jelena , Jacimovic Goran , Mircov Dragoslav-Vlad
Published: October 2010

Until as recently as a century ago, the exposure of biological systems to radiation was limited only to the natural sources. Today, however, a broad range of radiation types and doses have found a wide variety of uses and applications, so much so that it would be difficult to make a list of all the areas of human activity in which radiation is used for one purpose or another. The study of radiation effects on individuals and populations as a whole has become important only with the development of methods and sources of man-made radiation. Given that what is present in this case are physical effects on biological systems (living organisms), all these methods can be placed under the heading of biophysical influences. In the last 50 years, the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) have been studied with great diligence. These fields are the ones most commonly found in the human environment and they have been used in our studies in this field. The present paper provides a brief review of the literature data and our findings on the effects of ELF-EMF on various crop species using the RIES (Resonant Impulse Electromagnetic Stimulation) method, developed at the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Novi Sad.
Selection of red raspberry genotypes (Rubus idaeus L.)
Authors: Fotiric Milica , Nikolic Mihailo , Milivojevic Jasminka , Nikolic Dragan
Published: October 2010

Pomological properties of seedlings obtained by open pollination of Meeker's yellow clone were investigated. From over a 100 seedlings obtained from this progeny, 16 genotypes with red fruits were selected on the Experimental Station 'Radmilovac' that belongs to the Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade. Dunnett-test was used for single testing of physical and chemical traits of raspberry genotypes. It was found that majority of selected genotypes were in the rank with the standard cultivar Meeker, so the final selection of raspberry genotypes was based on organoleptic characteristics. From 16 examined genotypes nine were selected (I/3/2P, I/6/2, I/8/2, II/2/2P, II/3/4P, II/5/3P, II/8/2, II/8/2P and II/PP/2) for further investigation.
Functional food: Rare herbs, seeds and vegetable oils as sources of flavors and phytosterols
Authors: Milovanovic Mirjana , Banjac Nebojsa , Vucelic-Radovic Biljana
Published: October 2010

Two plant species of the genus Anthriscus (A. sylvestris and A. cerefolium) and Laserpitium latifolium L. are described as a good source of new aroma constituents and phytosterols. These plants are the herbs widely distributed in Serbia and possess significant medicinal value. They are widely applied in traditional medicine, but they are not used as functional food or in food technology. Two well-known domestic aromatic plant species: Mentha piperita L. and Thymus vulgaris L. and the lesser known Alliaria officinalis Andrz. are described as a good sources of highly prized essential oils in several wild-growing herbs. They are traditionally used in cooking. Quinoa seeds considered as multipurpose agro-industrial crop and the seeds may be utilized for human food and in flour products and in animal feed stocks because of its high nutritive value. Furthermore, watermelon meal possesses good nutritional quality, which may be commercially used as a new feed in the human or in the cattle nutrition. Seed oils, from Rubus ideaus, Ribes nigrum and walnut are also presented. The chemical composition on the sterols and essential fatty acids content, of these seed oils are shown that some of them can be successfully used in human nutrition, under specific conditions. Finally, developing new cholesterol-reducing products, such as phytosterols and their esters, which are marked as cholesterol-reducing food ingredient as well as the information on its incorporation into foods, are also included.
Life cycle, morphometrics and damage assessment of the Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) on stored groundnut
Authors: Musa A.K. , Dike M.C.
Published: October 2010

The life cycle of the Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) on stored groundnut was studied under fluctuating laboratory conditions of 25?5?C and 70?5% relative humidity. There were five larval instars and the total development time from egg to adult ranged from 37 to 40 days with an average of 37.95 days. The duration of each developmental stage was egg: 6.05 days; first instar: 3.8 days; second instar: 4.7 days; third instar: 5.6 days; fourth instar: 6.2 days; fifth instar: 6.8 days and pupa: 4.8 days. Females had an average fecundity of 80.2 eggs. Mean adult longevity was 12.4 days. .
Some open questions and prospects for co-operation of the Danube-basin countries
Authors: Vajs-Stojic-Karanovic Edita
Published: October 2010

The author points to the fact that the basic problem in the field of co-operation among the Danube-basin countries is the insufficiency of mutual economic relations between them. It is necessary to encourage creation of bilateral and multilateral forms of co-operation among the Danube-basin countries and establishment of their common approach to the other regions of the world. There is also a need for inflow of world capital, considering that the principles of sustainable exploitation of natural resources (sustainable development) are respected. All these efforts should be directed towards achievement of more accelerated economic development, to attain growth of labour productivity, to increase employment rate and the standard of living, to achieve development of national cultures and their mutual interweaving, and thus to ensure growth of material and cultural wealth of any defined community and the region as a whole.
EU regional approach to the Western Balkans: The human security dimension
Authors: Zarin Irina
Published: October 2010

The human security dimension has been defined as a "freedom from want and freedom from fear", with the aim to identify the key security issues that the region is facing and to assess the EU foreign policies in parallel. This aim was also directed towards articulating the proposals for a more coherent and effective approach to the Western Balkans transition to a stable democracy. The assumption of this article rests on the fact that the spillover of the soft security issues into the hard security agenda of the Western Balkans has not been properly managed and it requires a revision of the current EU regional approach.
Human resources and their level of competence relating to engagement into economy and society development
Authors: Zjalic Ljubica
Published: October 2010

It is sure that the human resources have been the main drive of the economic development in times of globalization and general reforms. The productivity of labour has been based on the men-power as capital. Therefore, concept and process of staff training have been valid only based on clearly determined structure and strategy of the new informative technologies. The term 'human resources'' means aggregate spiritual and physical potential, both latent and used. Knowledge (intellectual capital) is becoming more and more important resource as it directly creates surplus value. The competence and use of the human resources have been considered in that spirit since it is condition to occupy better position in adjoining and creating the rational relation towards European Union.
The Social Determinants of Mental Health: Implications for Research and Health Promotion
Authors: Fisher Matthew , Baum Fran
Published: October 2010

Social determinants of health have come to greater prominence through the recent work of the WHO Commission on the Social Determinants of Health, and the Marmot Review of Health Inequalities in England. These reports also have significant implications for promotion of mental health in developed countries. In particular they reflect a growing research interest in the view that certain adverse social conditions may detrimentally affect mental or physical health by acting as chronic stressors. However, although the case for chronic arousal of stress systems as a risk factor for mental health is empirically well-founded, questions remain about how and why psychological exposure to certain kinds of proximal social conditions might contribute to such arousal. In this paper we argue that combining evidence and ideas from a number of disciplines, including public health research and psychiatry, presents an opportunity to understand the relationship better, and so inform complementary strategies in treatment, prevention and health promotion.
Obsessions and Compulsions in Children with Asperger's Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mack Hilary , Fullana Miquel A. , Russell Ailsa J. , Mataix-Cols David , Nakatani Eriko , Heyman Isobel
Published: October 2010

Objective: To compare the clinical characteristics and symptom severity of children with obsessive disorder (OCD) plus autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with those of children with OCD plus Tourette's syndrome (TS) or OCD alone.

Method: Children with OCD and ASD (OCD/ASD) (n = 12, mean age = 14.33, range: 12–18) were compared to children with OCD and TS (OCD/TS) (n = 12, mean age = 13.92, range: 9–17) and children with OCD-alone (OCD) (n = 12, mean age = 12.92, range: 9–17) on measures of obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptom frequency, severity, interference and other clinical variables.

Results: Patients from the OCD/ASD group rated their OC symptoms as equally distressing, time consuming and contributing to a similar level of interference in functioning as patients in the OCD/TS and OCD groups. The types of symptoms were similar across groups but patients with OCD/TS reported greater frequency of ordering and arranging compulsions, and a trend towards more sexual obsessions. Patients with OCD/ASD reported more peer relationship problems compared with the other two groups.

Conclusions: Children with ASD may experience a similar level of impairment from OC symptoms as children with TS plus OCD and children with OCD only. It is suggested that it is useful to establish both diagnoses given that obsessions and compulsions may respond to treatment, and their alleviation may improve functioning in children on the autism spectrum.
Ice layers as an indicator of summer warmth and atmospheric blocking in Alaska
Authors: Kelsey Eric P. , Wake Cameron P. , Kreutz Karl , Osterberg Erich
Published: October 2010

Samples were collected from a snow pit and shallow firn core near Kahiltna Pass (2970 m a.s.l.), Denali National Park, Alaska, USA, in May 2008. The record spans autumn 2003 to spring 2008 and reveals clusters of ice layers interpreted as summertime intervals of above-freezing temperatures. High correlation coefficients (0.75–1.00) between annual ice-layer thickness and regional summertime station temperatures for 4 years (n = 4) indicate ice-layer thickness is a good proxy for mean and extreme summertime temperatures across Alaska, at least over the short period of record. A Rex-block (aka high-over-low) pattern, a downstream trough over Hudson Bay, Canada, and an upstream trough over eastern Siberia occurred during the three melting events that lasted at least 2 weeks. About half of all shorter melting events were associated with a cut-off low traversing the Gulf of Alaska. We hypothesize that a surface-to-bedrock core extracted from this location would provide a high-quality record of summer temperature and atmospheric blocking variability for the last several hundred years.
Multidrug Resistance and Plasmid Patterns of Escherichia coli O157 and Other E. coli Isolated from Diarrhoeal Stools and Surface Waters from Some Selected Sources in Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Chigor Vincent N. , Umoh Veronica J. , Smith Stella I. , Igbinosa Etinosa O. , Okoh Anthony I.
Published: October 2010

We have assessed the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in diarrhoeal patients and surface waters from some selected sources in Zaria (Nigeria), evaluating the antibiotic susceptibility and plasmid profiles of 184 E. coli isolates, obtained from 228 water samples and 112 diarrhoeal stool specimens (collected from children aged
Determinants of Use of Household-level Water Chlorination Products in Rural Kenya, 2003–2005
Authors: DuBois Amy E. , Crump John A. , Keswick Bruce H. , Slutsker Laurence , Quick Robert E. , Vulule John M. , Luby Stephen P.
Published: October 2010

Household-level water treatment products provide safe drinking water to at-risk populations, but relatively few people use them regularly; little is known about factors that influence uptake of this proven health intervention. We assessed uptake of these water treatments in Nyanza Province, Kenya, November 2003–February 2005. We interviewed users and non-user controls of a new household water treatment product regarding drinking water and socioeconomic factors. We calculated regional use-prevalence of these products based on 10 randomly selected villages in the Asembo region of Nyanza Province, Kenya. Thirty-eight percent of respondents reported ever using household-level treatment products. Initial use of a household-level product was associated with having turbid water as a source (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 16.6, p = 0.007), but consistent usage was more common for a less costly and more accessible product that did not address turbidity. A combination of social marketing, retail marketing, and donor subsidies may be necessary to extend the health benefits of household-level water treatment to populations most at risk.
In Vivo Biocompatibility Study of Electrospun Chitosan Microfiber for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Kang Yun Mi , Lee Bit Na , Ko Jae Hoon , Kim Gyeong Hae , Kang Kkot Nim , Kim Da Yeon , Kim Jae Ho , Park Young Hwan , Chun Heung Jae , Kim Chun Ho , Kim Moon Suk
Published: October 2010

In this work, we examined the biocompatibility of electrospun chitosan microfibers as a scaffold. The chitosan microfibers showed a three-dimensional pore structure by SEM. The chitosan microfibers supported attachment and viability of rat muscle-derived stem cells (rMDSCs). Subcutaneous implantation of the chitosan microfibers demonstrated that implantation of rMDSCs containing chitosan microfibers induced lower host tissue responses with decreased macrophage accumulation than did the chitosan microfibers alone, probably due to the immunosuppression of the transplanted rMDSCs. Our results collectively show that chitosan microfibers could serve as a biocompatible in vivo scaffold for rMDSCs in rats.
Lipid Based Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis—Modulation of Intestinal Mucus Membrane Phospholipids as a Tool to Influence Inflammation
Authors: Schneider Hannah , Braun Annika , Füllekrug Joachim , Stremmel Wolfgang , Ehehalt Robert
Published: October 2010

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the result of an inappropriate colonic inflammatory response triggered by environmental and genetic factors. We have recently shown that mucus from UC patients has a decreased phosphatidylcholine (PC) content, while clinical trials revealed that therapeutic addition of PC to the colonic mucus alleviated the inflammatory activity. The mechanisms behind this are still unclear. We hypothesized that PC has at least two possible functions in the intestine: First, it establishes the surface hydrophobicity of the mucus and therefore protects the underlying tissue against intraluminal aggressors; recent experiments on surgical specimens revealed reduced surface tension and hydrophobicity in UC patients. Second, mucus phospholipids might also be integrated into the plasma membranes of enterocytes and thereby influence the signaling state of the mucosa. PC has been shown to inhibit TNF-α induced pro-inflammatory responses including: (1) assembly of plasma membrane actin; (2) activation of MAP kinases ERK and p38; and (3) activation of NF-κB and synthesis of pro-inflammatory gene products. Other phospholipids like phosphatidylethanolamine or sphingomyelin had no effect. PC also inhibited latex bead phagosome actin assembly, killing of M. tuberculosis in macrophages, and sphingosine-1-phosphate induced actin assembly in macrophages. Collectively, these results provide a molecular foundation that shows PC, firstly, as an anti-inflammatory, and secondly, as a surface hydrophobicity increasing compound with promising therapeutic potential in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Synthesis of Novel 1-[(2,6-Dichloro-4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-aryl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehydes
Authors: Hu Huanan , Ge Changhua , Ding Lisheng , Zhang Anjiang
Published: October 2010

A series of novel 1-[(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-aryl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehydes 6a-i were synthesized using the Vilsmeier-Haack reagent. The structures of all the title compounds have been confirmed by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR and in addition, the structure of intermediate 5b was investigated by X-ray crystallography.
Lead Contamination in Selected Foods from Riyadh City Market and Estimation of the Daily Intake
Authors: Othman Zeid A. Al
Published: October 2010

This study was carried out to determine lead contamination in 104 of the representative food items in the Saudi diet and to estimate the dietary lead intake of Saudi Arabians. Three samples of each selected food items were purchased from the local markets of Riyadh city, the capital of Saudi Arabia. Each pooled sample was analyzed in triplicate by ICP-AES after thorough homogenization. Sweets (0.011–0.199 μg/g), vegetables (0.002–0.195 μg/g), legumes (0.014–0.094 μg/g), eggs (0.079 μg/g), meat and meat products (0.013–0.068 μg/g) were the richest sources of lead. Considering the amounts of each food consumed, the major food sources of lead intake for Saudi can be arranged as follows: vegetables (25.4%), cereal and cereal products (24.2%), beverages (9.7%) sweets (8.2%), legumes (7.4%), fruits (5.4%) milk and milk products (5.1%). The daily intake of lead was calculated taking into account the concentration of this element in the edible part of the daily consumption data which were derived from two sources, (a) the KSA food sheet provided by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and (b) from questionnaires distributed among 300 families in Riyadh city. The results showed that the daily intakes of lead according to the two sources are 22.7 and 24.5 μg/person/day respectively, which are lower than that mentioned by The Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), whereas it is comprabale with that of other countries.
Anti-Viral Drugs for Human Adenoviruses
Authors: Waye Mary Miu Yee , Sing Chor Wing
Published: October 2010

There are many stages in the development of a new drug for viral infection and such processes are even further complicated for adenovirus by the fact that there are at least 51 serotypes, forming six distinct groups (A–F), with different degree of infectivity. This review attempts to address the importance of developing pharmaceuticals for adenovirus and also review recent development in drug discovery for adenovirus, including newer strategies such as microRNA approaches. Different drug screening strategies will also be discussed.
Sustainable Nanotechnology: Through Green Methods and Life-Cycle Thinking
Authors: Dhingra Rajive , Naidu Sasikumar , Upreti Girish , Sawhney Rapinder
Published: October 2010

Citing the myriad applications of nanotechnology, this paper emphasizes the need to conduct “life cycle” based assessments as early in the new product development process as possible, for a better understanding of the potential environmental and human health consequences of nanomaterials over the entire life cycle of a nano-enabled product. The importance of this reasoning is further reinforced through an illustrative case study on automotive exterior body panels, which shows that the perceived environmental benefits of nano-based products in the Use stage may not adequately represent the complete picture, without examining the impacts in the other life cycle stages, particularly Materials Processing and Manufacturing. Nanomanufacturing methods often have associated environmental and human health impacts, which must be kept in perspective when evaluating nanoproducts for their “greenness.” Incorporating life-cycle thinking for making informed decisions at the product design stage, combining life cycle and risk analysis, using sustainable manufacturing practices, and employing green chemistry alternatives are seen as possible solutions.
Verotoxin-1 Treatment or Manipulation of its Receptor Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) for Reversal of Multidrug Resistance to Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Behnam-Motlagh Parviz , Tyler Andreas , Grankvist Kjell , Johansson Anders
Published: October 2010

A major problem with anti-cancer drug treatment is the development of acquired multidrug resistance (MDR) of the tumor cells. Verotoxin-1 (VT-1) exerts its cytotoxicity by targeting the globotriaosylceramide membrane receptor (Gb3), a glycolipid associated with multidrug resistance. Gb3 is overexpressed in many human tumors and tumor cell lines with inherent or acquired MDR. Gb3 is co-expressed and interplays with the membrane efflux transporter P-gp encoded by the MDR1 gene. P-gp could act as a lipid flippase and stimulate Gb3 induction when tumor cells are exposed to cancer chemotherapy. Recent work has shown that apoptosis and inherent or acquired multidrug resistance in Gb3-expressing tumors could be affected by VT-1 holotoxin, a sub-toxic concentration of the holotoxin concomitant with chemotherapy or its Gb3-binding B-subunit coupled to cytotoxic or immunomodulatory drug, as well as chemical manipulation of Gb3 expression. The interplay between Gb3 and P-gp thus gives a possible physiological approach to augment the chemotherapeutic effect in multidrug resistant tumors.
Adolescence et passage à l'acte : quand la langue défaille…
Authors: Blanchard Benoît
Published: October 2010

Résumé L’entrée en adolescence confronte le sujet à la nécessité de traduire ses émois, de s’en donner une forme figurable. Cependant, les bouleversements pubertaires viennent mettre à mal la fonction de représentation verbale, et projettent ainsi l’adolescent dans une impression d’insuffisance du langage à l’égard des éprouvés indicibles qui l’agitent. Dans ce contexte, le recours à l’acte constitue une issue face aux défaillances de la langue. À travers plusieurs vignettes cliniques, il s’agit alors de montrer que ce détour par l’agir peut constituer d’un côté une lutte mutilante contre la signifiance et d’un autre côté une forme de figuration susceptible d’être réappropriée par la parole.
La dysphasie, son incidence sur le processus psychique de l'enfant et sa prise en charge
Authors: Danon-Boileau Laurent
Published: October 2010

Résumé Les troubles instrumentaux que sont la dysphasie expressive et la dysphasie réceptive ont des retentissements sur le processus psychique d’un enfant. La prise en charge se doit d’être attentive à cette double détermination en observant une attitude soucieuse de confirmer constamment l’enfant dans son statut de sujet signifiant sans négliger pour autant un étayage discret du trouble instrumental.
La langue à l'épreuve du scolaire : que nous apprennent les enfants en mal de lecture et d'écriture ?
Authors: Lenoble Évelyne
Published: October 2010

Résumé L’auteur présente une partie des enjeux noués autour de la langue et du langage, tant dans les aspects de mise en place du langage oral lors des premiers liens mère-enfant que dans le second temps de cette étape, lors de la confrontation de l’enfant avec les apprentissages scolaires fondamentaux, notamment l’entrée dans la langue écrite. La clinique des enfants en difficulté d’apprentissage est interrogée à partir de l’expérience d’un « centre référent » pour les troubles du langage, et mise en perspective au regard de divers apports théoriques : psychologique, médical, psychanalytique et littéraire.
Les antagonistes périphériques des opiacés
Authors: Ray Sylvie
Published: October 2010

Résumé antagonistes périphériques des opiacés : compléments utiles à l’arsenal thérapeutique contre la constipation – L’utilisation d’opiacés afin de soulager la douleur et la dyspnée en soins palliatifs est grevée d’effets secondaires bien connus qui sont pour la plupart temporaires et de résolution spontanée. Il n’existe par contre pas de tolérance à la constipation induite par les opiacés, qui reste un problème cliniquement significatif entraînant une diminution de la qualité de vie, alors que celle-ci est primordiale en fin de vie. L’administration systématique de laxatifs reste parfois insuffisante et se heurte aux troubles de la déglutition. Avec le développement des antagonistes périphériques des opiacés agissant spécifiquement sur les récepteurs responsables de la constipation, une nouvelle molécule, la methylnaltrexone, vient compléter l’arsenal thérapeutique du palliatologue.
Don et contre-don
Authors: Pihel Laetitia
Published: October 2010

Cette communication s’intéresse à la relation salariale moderne et à la crise qui s’est installée entre les salariés et l’entreprise. Elle propose de démontrer la pertinence de la théorie du don/contre-don pour analyser la relation salarié/entreprise et comprendre les points d’achoppement actuels de celle-ci. Après avoir positionné cette théorie au regard de la littérature en management (implication organisationnelle, contrat psychologique), elle montre à partir d’une étude du contexte moderne, comment le don/contre-don nous éclaire sur les comportements actuels des salariés et leurs réactions.
Restructurer l'entreprise
Authors: Dubouloy Maryse , Pihel Laetitia
Published: October 2010

Cette communication se propose d’aller au cœur du vécu des restructurations internes dans ce qu’elles induisent pour les salariés amenés à rester dans l’entreprise et vivre les réformes décidées par la direction (transformation des valeurs, du travail, du management, etc.). Plus concrètement et s’appuyant sur une démarche clinique, elle s’intéresse à la dimension symbolique de l’échange salarial, au lien tissé entre l’individu et l’organisation au cours du temps. Elle analyse les implications sur la relation salarié/entreprise de la transformation de l’espace d’échange à partir des théories anthropologiques du don et des théories psychanalytiques de l’espace transitionnel, du narcissisme et du deuil. Cette ouverture théorique et disciplinaire permet alors une analyse des maux des salariés en révélant le sens profond de leurs discours, de ce qui se joue dans l’échange et de ce qui ne se joue plus lorsque l’entreprise change les règles. Elle appelle par ses résultats et son positionnement à repenser les outils traditionnels du management du changement en présentant des enjeux voilés qui s’ils ne sont pas saisis gênent la réussite et le succès à venir de l’organisation.
Satisfaction, implication, engagement, enracinement et intention de départ des jeunes cadres
Authors: Besseyre des Horts Charles-Henri , Nguyen Véronique
Published: October 2010

Dans un contexte où les pratiques managériales sont questionnées (Thévenet, 2009), la question de l’étude de la relation entre l'individu et l'organisation reste centrale si l'on en juge par l'intérêt grandissant des chercheurs et des praticiens, dans la tradition du courant théorique du contrat psychologique (Rousseau, 1995), pour les thèmes de l'engagement et l’enracinement des salariés (Mitchell et Al, 2001 ; Bakker & Schaufeli, 2008) faisant suite à plusieurs décennies de travaux de recherche sur les thèmes de la satisfaction (e.g. Igalens, 1999 ; Locke, 1976) et de l'implication au travail (e.g. Morrow, 1983 ; Thévenet, 1992,) etc. Par ailleurs, l'une des dimensions de la relation entre l'individu et l'organisation parmi les plus étudiées est sans conteste l’intention et/ou la décision de quitter volontairement l'organisation : le turnover volontaire a en effet fait l'objet de très nombreuses recherches empiriques pour en évaluer tout autant les causes que les conséquences (e.g. Dreher, 1982 ; Mobley, 1982 ; Neveu, 1996 ; Price, 2000). S'appuyant sur ces divers courants de recherche, cette contribution a pour objectif de réexaminer la relation entre satisfaction, implication, engagement, enracinement et intention de départ des cadres dans la première phase de leur carrière professionnelle dans le contexte d'une recherche menée début 2009 par internet auprès d'une population de plus de 200 diplômé(e)s d'une grande école de gestion pour la plupart âgé(e)s moins de 30 ans. Les résultats montrent que l’impact de la satisfaction au travail sur l'intention de départ est beaucoup plus fort que ceux d'autres facteurs explicatifs : l'implication, l’engagement et l'enracinement.
Dimensions et conséquences de la satisfaction au travail des apprentis
Authors: Alves Sarah , Gosse Bérangère , Sprimont Pierre-Antoine
Published: October 2010

L’évaluation de la qualité de l’expérience professionnelle vécue par un apprenti s’exprime notamment par sa satisfaction au travail. Quelles sont les dimensions de la satisfaction au travail chez les apprentis de l’enseignement supérieur ? Quelles sont les conséquences de ces dimensions sur la satisfaction pour l’apprentissage et sur son engagement affectif pour l’entreprise ? Une investigation par questionnaire et entretiens auprès d’apprentis du supérieur révèle les facettes de la satisfaction au travail en termes d’attentes et leurs conséquences.
Diriger : entre compromis et transgression
Authors: Beaucourt Christel , Laude Laëtitia
Published: October 2010

Les réformes successives des organisations de santé ont augmenté l’instrumentation de gestion (T2A, contractualisation, exigences de qualité). En révélant certains problèmes sans parvenir forcément à les résoudre, elles ont accentué le besoin des professionnels de santé de comprendre ce que signifient les changements qui s’imposent à eux. Il est intéressant de comprendre comment les dirigeants font face, sans trop d’inconvénients pour eux, à des situations qui peuvent sembler problématiques ou incohérentes. Nous avons observé ces arrangements pendant quatre ans, auprès de six dirigeants du secteur de la santé. Entre compromis et transgressions, leur analyse constitue l’objet de cet article. Selon nous, il y a une relation dynamique entre la nécessité de compromis et le besoin de transgression. A travers cette relation, les dirigeants parviennent à combiner les niveaux institutionnels, organisationnels et individuels de leurs pratiques, tout en gérant les controverses et les contradictions qu’ils renferment.
Lire le mouvement dansé
Authors: Guisgand Philippe
Published: October 2010

Résumé Le discours critique sur la danse présente fréquemment une dimension parcellaire, éclatée et abusant de la métaphore. C’est pourquoi il permet rarement une analyse approfondie de l’activité elle-même. Notre projet vise à réhabiliter la description par une trame de lecture du corps. Nous présenterons les éléments d’observation du mouvement dansé, illustrés par une séquence extraite de Body Remix de la chorégraphe canadienne Marie Chouinard.
Psychanalyser au Maroc
Authors: Bennani Jalil
Published: October 2010

Le Maroc figure parmi les pionniers de la psychanalyse dans le monde arabe et musulman à côté de l’Égypte et du Liban. Avant l’avènement de la psychanalyse, il y eut la psychiatrie qui s’est elle-même greffée sur un cadre traditionnel comportant la religion, la sainteté et la magie. Le terrain culturel intellectuel, celui des écrivains, sociologues, anthropologues et artistes a contribué à une certaine subversion des valeurs et des tabous et permis la levée d’une parole individuelle. Le parcours psychanalytique marocain commence à l’époque coloniale, se poursuit avec l’arrivée de praticiens marocains à partir des années 1970. Les traces laissées par les pionniers et surtout la critique radicale qui fut opérée de leurs travaux et de leurs approches permet de déconstruire, de décoloniser, de se réapproprier un passé et d’en faire un héritage.
Contribution à l'histoire de la psychanalyse en Algérie : une psychanalyse face à la violence extrême
Authors: Bellakhdar Saïd
Published: October 2010

La psychanalyse n’a pas pu se développer en Algérie en raison de l’absence d’un État de droit, d’un contexte de destructivité intense et de massacres durant la conquête et durant la décolonisation. Dans une société où les Arabes étaient perçus à travers une représentation ethnologique et raciale déshumanisée, Frantz Fanon, bien qu’il n’ait pas été psychanalyste, a introduit la psychiatrie institutionnelle et favorisé la mise en place de groupes de travail autour de textes freudiens à l’hôpital de Blida. Trois décennies après la guerre d’indépendance, l’Algérie a été confrontée à une violente guerre civile imposant le repli ou le départ des rares psychanalystes qui avaient commencé à exercer. Peu à peu les efforts de formation des hommes et le retour à une situation politique apaisée ont permis à la psychanalyse de retrouver un regain d’intérêt en raison des limites des prises en charge traditionnellement proposées aux victimes des violences et d’un accueil moins soupçonneux de ce qui venait d’Occident comme cheval de Troie du néo-colonialisme.
L'identité libanaise, une difficile identité plurielle
Authors: Debs Nayla
Published: October 2010

Lebanese Identity and the Difficulties of Plurality. The concept of Lebanese identity is a highly fertile source of reflection, encouraging us to articulate the idea of self with that of other, of sameness with difference. This inevitably causes a certain conflict. In the light of Lebanon’s recent history, this article explores how different conceptions of identity have resulted in painful confrontations, profoundly modifying visions of what identity implies. We will then go on to analyse the way different groups function from a psychoanalytical perspective, shedding light on the inherent tension between plurality and singularity and the importance of grieving as a way of positioning subjective experience within the framework of inter-subjective constructions.
La psychanalyse en Iran
Authors: Barzin Nader
Published: October 2010

La psychanalyse a été introduite en Iran durant les années 1970 par les psychiatres iraniens formés à l’étranger. Ces dernières années un certain nombre de psychanalystes iraniens habitant à l’étranger sont retournés en Iran ; ils contribuent à la formation de nouveaux analystes. La première traduction de l’œuvre de Freud en persan date des années 1920. Durant l’ère postrévolutionnaire et notamment les deux dernières décennies, la demande pour les thérapies analytiques a connu une forte croissance et ne porte plus de stigma social.
La propagande entre insurrection et contre-insurrection
Authors: de Mijolla-Mellor Sophie
Published: October 2010

La propagande est une action par influence qui n’apparaît pas comme une violence dans la mesure où elle agit par persuasion. Toutefois la régression qu’elle instaure ou qu’elle renforce en substituant des objets de croyance à des objets de pensée constitue bien une violence, voire un viol, dans la mesure où elle infiltre dans le sujet des interprétations de la réalité qui vont avoir pour lui la valeur de faits. L’article est fondé sur l’exemple de l’utilisation de la propagande comme arme en tant de guerre et la manière dont, d’après l’ouvrage de David Galula « Contre-insurrection – Théorie et pratique », elle vient répondre en miroir à celle de l’ennemi considéré comme un insurgé.
Quelle liberté islamique dans la Comète Bayle ?
Authors: Aleksić Branko
Published: October 2010

La pensée théologique devient politique dans la forme de propagation de sa foi. L’analyse laïque du langage de cette propagande met en lumière le « modelage », la « monture » totalisants qui tentent de masquer et éviter une critique rationnelle, philosophique. Trois récents ouvrages de Leonardo Alaeddin Clerici : La comète Bayle, dictionaire averroïste  ; Liberté islamique et Styx , dévient vers le fantasme d’un langage mythique, «  adamitique  », une variante de « novlangue » d’Orwell. Pierre Bayle a constaté que les notions claires entrent en opposition avec l’écriture dite sacrée. Bayle n’est pas donc un « commentateur » philosophique à la même enseigne qu’un Averroès. Et Platon n’est pas la base philosophique de la République islamique. Le langage de la propagande islamique, par ses valeurs mantiques, peut hypnotiser un penseur d’envergure de Michel Foucault qui dans ses reportages de l’Iran (1978) a manqué le sens du vocabulaire propagandiste.
« Consensus ? Quel consensus ? »
Authors: Griffin Roger
Published: October 2010

Résumé Dans cet article, Roger Griffin cherche non à attiser le débat parfois vif (souvent mené dans les pages de Vingtième Siècle. Revue d’histoire ) sur le fait de savoir si le fascisme fut ou non un phénomène marginal sous la Troisième République, mais à inciter à une révision radicale de la manière dont le débat est formulé. Comme en France, les spécialistes anglophones sont depuis des décennies profondément divisés sur les éléments définissant le fascisme. Cependant, depuis le début des années 1990, une convergence émerge sur un modèle ou un idéal-type qui, selon différentes formulations, insiste sur la tentative utopique du fascisme, à la fois idéologique et pratique, de régénérer et de révolutionner une nation conçue organiquement (et parfois racialement) et prétendument menacée par les forces de la décadence. En outre, ce « nouveau consensus » est subsumé dans une vague d’études interdisciplinaires internationales sur les divers aspects des dynamiques révolutionnaires du totalitarisme qui fut anticipé par certains historiens français. Ceci fait apparaître la perspective stimulante que le champ de recherche dans son ensemble puisse être enrichi si le fascisme était « revisité » dans l’esprit d’une meilleure entente entre eux et leurs collègues anglophones.
Fascisme, religion politique et religion de la politique
Authors: Musiedlak Didier
Published: October 2010

Résumé Les concepts politiques ont leur histoire. L’objet de cette contribution est d’essayer de restituer la généalogie du concept de religion politique et de montrer comment il a pu être utilisé par les historiens du fascisme. Apres l’étude des conditions philosophiques et historiques de sa naissance, l’auteur souligne que ce concept s’est heurté à une série de difficultés liées aux résistances des paradigmes. Ce n’est seulement qu’après les années 1990 que le concept a pu être introduit pour mieux comprendre l’identité du fascisme. Considéré aujourd’hui comme élément essentiel du fascisme italien, son utilisation s’avère plus délicate dès lors qu’il s’agit de l’appliquer dans le cadre du fascisme générique.
Factors Affecting Hemodialysis Patients' Satisfaction with Their Dialysis Therapy
Authors: Al Eissa M. , Al Sulaiman M. , Jondeby M. , Karkar A. , Barahmein M. , Shaheen F. A. M. , Al Sayyari A.
Published: October 2010

Aim. To assess the degree of satisfaction among hemodialysis patients and the factors influencing this satisfaction.Methods. Patients were recruited from 3 Saudi dialysis centers. Demographic data was collected. Using 1 to 10 Likert scale, the patients were asked to rate theoverall satisfactionwith, andthe overall impactof, their dialysis therapy on their lives and to rate the effect of the dialysis therapy on 15 qualities of life domains.Results. 322 patients were recruited (72.6% of the total eligible patients). The mean age was 51.7 years (15.4); 58% have been on dialysis for 3 years. The mean Charlson Comorbidity Index was 3.2 (2), and Kt/V was 1.3 (0.44). The mean satisfaction score was (7.41 2.75) and the mean score of the impact of the dialysis on the patients' lives was 5.32 2.55. Male patients reported worse effect of dialysis on family life, social life, energy, and appetite. Longer period since the commencement of dialysis was associated with adverse effect on finances and energy. Lower level of education was associated with worse dialysis effect on stress, overall health, sexual life, hobbies, and exercise ability.Conclusion. The level of satisfaction is affected by gender, duration on dialysis, educational level, and standard of care given.