bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From carbon polygon to carbon farm: The potential and ways of developing the sequestration carbon industry in the Leningrad Region and St Petersburg
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Makarova Maria V. , Abakumov Evgeny V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Shevchenko Evgeny V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Paramonova Nina N. ,   Voyeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, Pakhomova Nadezhda V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Lvova Nadezhda A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Vetrova Maria A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Foka Stefani C. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Guzov Yuri N. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Ivakhov Viktor M. ,   Voyeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, Ionov Dmitry V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Khoroshavin Anton V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Kostsov Vladimir S. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Mikushev Sergey V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Mikhailov Evgeny F. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Pavlovsky Artem A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Titov Viktor O. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2023

Climate change is one of the most important global problems of the 21st century. The territory of Russia is located in an area of significant observed and forecasted climate change. Achieving Russia's carbon neutrality by 2060 requires the development of a national system for monitoring greenhouse gas emissions and uptake. To achieve this goal, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education launched a pilot programme to create a national network of carbon polygons. St Petersburg State University together with Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory created the concept of Ladoga carbon polygon focusing the study the greenhouse gas absorption (or sequestration) potential of forest ecosystems typical for Northwest Russia. The evolution of this project assumes the establishment of a forest carbon farm (nature-based solutions). Based on the assumption that the territories of forest areas that were previously part of the state agricultural lands of the Leningrad region can be used for carbon farms (afforestation, enhanced carbon uptake by changing land use), an estimate of CO2 absorption has been made. For the total area of forest carbon farms of 677.9 · 103 ha, it was evaluated of 3700 ± 1900 kt CO2/year or (1000 ± 520) ·106kg С/ year. It is shown that the CO2 absorption of such carbon farms can offset up to 20 % of the total CO2 emission of the Leningrad Region and not more than 8 % of the total CO2 emission for the combined region consisting of Leningrad Region and St Petersburg. The economic effect of the operation of forest carbon farms can only be achieved in the long term. At the current price level per tonne of CO2 (35 USD/(t CO2 )), a 1 hectare of forest carbon farm would yield an income of 9500 USD over a 75-year lifetime. This determines the economic feasibility of creating carbon farms, which is also due to the potential for the production of carbon units based on them, which will either be traded on carbon exchanges or be taken into account as the results of activities aimed at reducing carbon emissions.
Spatial and temporal assessment of surface water quality in municipal water bodies of the city of Tyumen
Authors:   University of Tyumen, Petrov Yuriy V.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is a spatio-temporal assessment of the quality of surface water for water bodies of municipal importance in Tyumen in the current conditions of urban economy. A grouping of 16 municipal ponds and waterlogged quarries was carried out according to the results of the water quality assessment. The period of water sampling for the study: 2018–2021; spring, summer and autumn dates of each year of study, a total of 12 observation dates. Analyzed indicators: biochemical oxygen consumption (BOD5), chemical oxygen consumption (COD), dry residue, General, Zn, Na, chloride-anions. The results of the study: all municipal reservoirs of Tyumen during the study had repeatedly exceeding the established values of the maximum permissible concentrations for water bodies of fishery significance in three or more indicators. Most municipal facilities are included in the group of highly hazardous reservoirs, characterized by fixing the excess of the MPC value in water for several indicators, including the heavy metal Zn. The group of reservoirs of the background concentration of pollutants includes the watered quarry “Willow”, in which exceedances were recorded for BOD5, COD and Fe, which is typical for Tyumen natural conditions. The waterlogged quarry “Chistye” and the pond “On Dambovskaya” are classified as extremely dangerous reservoirs, they are characterized by the presence of exceeding the values of the MPC in the water for all indicators, with the exception of the dry residue. The waterlogged quarry “Maisky” is classified as a group of extremely dangerous degraded reservoirs, since during the analyzed time period it recorded exceedances of the MPC values in the water for all indicators. On the example of bottom sediments of the pond “Yuzhny”, a partial section of the ratio of pollutant content at 2 sampling points within the boundaries of the municipal reservoir is shown. Based on the results of the study, recommendations are given for the city authorities to conduct a differentiated approach to the organization of water use for water bodies from different groups.
Hydrochemical assessment of transboundary rivers (on the example of the Narva border river)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Potapova Tatyana M. , Zadonskaja Olga V. ,   FSBI State Hydrological Institute, Parshina Tatyana V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is to establish the regularities of the formation of the biogenic regime of the Narva River. Based on experimental data on the determination of concentrations of chemical elements for the long-term observation period from 1992 to 2019, a trend of reducing the content of biogenic elements over the past 14 years has been revealed. This is a consequence of reducing the anthropogenic load due to the reconstruction of treatment facilities on the Estonian and Russian sides. Analysis of intra-annual changes in the content of biogenic elements showed a steady increase in the content of nitrogen compounds during high water with maximum water runoff and an increase in phosphorus content in the autumn period. This indicates a significant influence of the waters of Lake Peipus and the Narva reservoir, which determine the intra-reservoir processes that intensify at the end of the warm season. The calculation of runoff based on experimental data of average annual water consumption and monthly determinations of concentrations of mineral, biogenic and organic substances for the period from 1992 to 2019. The calculated values of the runoff indicators are: ionic runoff 43,1 t/km2, total phosphorus 9,8 kg/km2, total nitrogen 142 kg/km2, organic carbon 2,75 t/km2, according to the background values of the runoff indicators of the Baltic region. It is important to note that for the period from 1993 to 2006; significantly higher runoff rates for phosphorus phosphates and nitrogen nitrates corresponded to the literature data on runoff from reclaimed agricultural areas, which also indicates a significant decrease in the biogenic load on the Narva River in the last decade from 2006 to 2019.
The content of nutrients, lignin and cellulose in plants and lichens in the forest-tundra ecotone of the Khibiny mountain massif
Authors:   Institute of the North Industrial Ecology Problems of the Kola Scientific Center RAS, Artemkina Natalia A. , Sukhareva Tatyana A. ,   Institute of the North Industrial Ecology Problems of the Kola Scientific Center RAS, Ivanova Ekaterina A. ,   Institute of the North Industrial Ecology Problems of the Kola Scientific Center RAS, Smirnov Vadim E. ,   Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity RAS
Published: June 2023

The results of studies of the chemical composition of plants and lichens in the altitude gradient on the slope of Yumechorr of the Khibiny mountain massif (Murmansk region) are presented. The species specificity of the accumulation of macro- and microelements by the assimilating organs of plants and lichens in the in the main altitude zones is shown. The leaves of Betula pubescens and Vaccinium myrtillus are the most rich of elements of mineral nutrition. Lichens are characterized by a low content of N, Ca, K, P, Mg, S, as well as Zn and Mn and high - Fe, Cu, Ni. In spruce and pine needles, similar patterns of the distribution of elements by age classes were revealed. Changes in the content of nitrogen, mineral elements, secondary metabolites in the altitude gradient in the assimilating organs of plants and lichens, during the transition from the forest belt to the mountain forest, have been established. It has been established that with increasing growth height, the N content increases in Pinus sylvestris needles, in the leaves of Arctostaphyllos uva-ursi, in the leaves of the current year Empetrum hermaphroditum. Plants growing in the mountain tundra and forest tundra are characterized by a high content of K. The Zn content also increases with increasing absolute height in the conifers/leaves of P. sylvestris, B. pubescens, V. uliginosum. During the transition from the forest belt to the mountain tundra, the content of Ca and Mg decreases in plant leaves. In the leaves of E. hermaphroditum, minimal concentrations of Mn were also detected in the mountain tundra. The content of lignin and cellulose in the leaves of shrubs, with the exception of V. myrtillus, in the belt of coniferous forests is lower than in the belt of birch forests and tundra. The content of lignin in the leaves of B. nana and B. pubescens increases, and cellulose practically does not change with an increase in absolute height in the Khibiny Mountains. Accumulation of lignin is observed in needles of P.sylvestris in the belt of birch woodlands.
Composition and formation conditions of noble metal ores of the Koykar-Svyatnavolok sill (Republic of Karelia)
Authors:   OOO Laboratory for the Study of Mineral Raw Materials, Petrov Sergey V. ,   Institute of Earth Sciences, Borozdin Aleksey P. ,   OOO Laboratory for the Study of Mineral Raw Materials, Oleynik Ivan L. ,   JSC Polimetall, Tarasova Irina P. ,   Institute of Earth Sciences, Kotova Irina K. ,   Institute of Earth Sciences, Kotov Sergey R. ,   VNIIOkeangeologiya, Shelukhina Yuliya S. ,   Institute of Earth Sciences, Kolusheva Olga S. ,   OOO Laboratory for the Study of Mineral Raw Materials
Published: June 2023

The Viksha iron ore deposit is confined to the Koykarsko-Sviatnavolok sill, where as a part of ore bodies, in addition to the main components - iron and titanium, it contains gold, platinum, and palladium. The purpose of this publication is to determine the type and patterns of noble metal mineralization in gabbro-dolerites of the Koykar-Svyatnavolok sill, to consider the mechanisms of accumulation and localization of precious metals in ore bodies. The repeated occurrence in the section of the intrusion of an association of two rock varieties of contrasting composition (high-iron - titanomagnetite gabbro-dolerites, and high-siliceous - granophyres), as well as the revealed petrographic, petrochemical and geochemical regularities, allow us to consider liquid stratification of magmatic melt as a mechanism for the formation of ore titanomagnetite horizons ( segregation). This liquid immiscibility led to the accumulation of noble metals in the high-iron fluidized liquate in accordance with distribution coefficients of nobel metals between silicate and oxide melts and between melt and fluid. The confinement of noble metal mineralization to sulfide, cobaltite-bornite-chalcopyrite accumulations in ore titanomagnetite horizons has been established, which corresponds to the low-sulfide noble metal type of mineralization. Precious metal mineralization is represented by both native mineral forms (arsenides, sulfoarsenides, antimonides and intermetallides of platinum group metals, gold and silver tellurides, electrum, native gold) and isomorphic impurities in bornite and cobaltite. The relationship between the formation of minerals bearing noble metals and the process of chloritization against the background of the transformation of protolith titanomagnetite is shown. A model for the concentration of precious metals from basaltoid melt in several stages is proposed: enrichment of fluidized high-iron ore liquat with precious metals; their accumulation in the residual fluid and in the sulfide liquid during the crystallization of ore liquat; their partial entry into the hydrothermal solution during fluid cooling and hydrothermal metasomatism of earlier crystals. The localization of noble metals occurred as the residual fluid cooled, due to the destruction of complex chloride and sulfide compounds with noble and non-ferrous metals and the crystallization of sulfide-precious metal paragenesis within the ore horizons.
On the revision of historical collections of three-dimensional models of foraminifers from the Paleontological Museum of St Petersburg State University
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Bugrova Irina Yu.
Published: June 2023

Two collections of plaster models of foraminifera from the Paleontological Museum of St. Petersburg State University were studied. The first one (No. ПЛ ОФ 721) is represented by 95 objects. The time of its acquisition and authorship were unknown, some of the models were kept without labels, there was no catalog and records of its receipt. The collection has not been used for teaching or exposure in the museum. As it turned out the creator of the original collection was Academician Alcide d'Orbigny, who first described foraminifers as a separate group of animals in 1826 in the monograph “Tableau méthodique de la classe des Céphalopodes”. The 100 plaster foraminiferal models were made by him to illustrate the classification the new group. The original d'Orbigny’s collection is kept in the National Museum of Natural History in Paris, and its copies were acquired by museums and universities in different countries. The copy of the d'Orbigny collection of the Paleontological Museum of St. Petersburg State University was probably made by the German trading company “Dr. F. Krantz, Rheinisches Mineralien-Kontor”. It was acquired by the St. Petersburg Imperial University for the Geological Cabinet (museum), which were created since 1870 by Professor A.A. Inostrantsev. Based on literary sources, the history of revisions of the d'Orbigny collection has been restored. That made it possible to correct errors in the museum labels, as well as to establish the original names of species depicted as models and bring them into line with the now accepted foraminiferal taxonomy. The second collection (No. ПЛ ОФ 75) is only a part (15 objects) of the collection of 100 models made by Václav Frič to illustrate foraminiferal classification scheme by the Austrian paleontologist August von Reuss. It was purchased for the Geological Cabinet of the Higher Women's (Bestuzhev) Courses and subsequently entered the Department of Paleontology, established at Petrograd University in 1919. As a result of the revision, the species affiliation of the species depicted as the models was established in accordance with the modern system of foraminifera.
Geochemistry of Holocene–Late Pleistocene sediments in the Berezovka River valley (Near-Yenisey Siberia)
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Institute of Ecology and Geography, Department of Geography, Zharinova Natalya Yu. , Yamskikh Galina Yu. ,   Siberian Federal University, Institute of Ecology and Geography, Department of Geography, Zbucki Łukasz ,   Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education, Makarchuk Darya E. ,   Siberian Federal University, Institute of Ecology and Geography, Department of Geography
Published: June 2023

Despite their great importance, Holocene–Late Pleistocene sediments are poorly studied in the valleys of rivers in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe territory. We present the first detailed study of the geochemical composition of the first floodplain terrace sediments in the valley of the Berezovka River, and the continuous accumulation that occurred at the Late Pleistocene-Holocene (from 20833 ± 519 cal yr BP). This is of great fundamental importance and is the basis for further studies on the influence of anthropogenic activities on the natural environment in the Krasnoyarsk agglomeration. The sediments were covered by modern alluvial dark-humus hydrometamorphosed soil. Macromorphological studies and investigation of the humus content have revealed a well-developed process of humus formation and humus accumulation, a gley process. The measured contents of some elements (U, Pr, Rb, V, Bi, Cd, As, Th, Ga, Co, and Sm) exceeded the respective Clarke values for the Earth’s crust. The distribution of most elements and their accumulation in the Middle-Late Holocene (from to 5477–4985 to 1241–803 cal yr BP) in the middle of the sediment profile is explained by the high content of mud and clay minerals. Based on the coefficients of radial migration, we established that most of the studied elements were introduced into the sediments during high water levels and floods. The values of palaeomarkers indicate a change in climatic conditions in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene from dry and cold to more humid and warm, and from arid and cold (in the Early Holocene) to modern climatic conditions, respectively.
Changes in the spatial vulnerability of the large cities population to natural and man-made hazards under the influence of housing construction
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Badina Svetlana V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   Bernardo O’Higgins University, Babkin Roman A. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Skobeev Nikita M. ,   Seven Suns Development
Published: June 2023

The study purpose is to assess the degree of influence of the new large residential complexes commissioning on the main parameter of the spatial vulnerability of the Moscow population to natural and man-made hazards – its density. For this purpose, the key indicators of housing commissioning in Moscow for 2011-2021 were analyzed. The use of Big Data (data from mobile operators) made it possible to determine the actual change in population density for 2018-2019 on the largest possible scale – in cells of 500 by 500 m. The indicators of the present population density according to the mobile operators’ data on weekday winter nights in 2018 and 2019 were compared with indicators of growth in the housing stock for the considered period. The established dependence of these indicators can later be used to predict the intracity dynamics of the population in studies of natural and man-made risks, when longer time series of mobile operators’ data become available for Moscow. In addition, this study also considered the factors of increasing natural and man-made hazards in Moscow districts associated with housing construction. It was found that due to the limited free land resources for new construction on the territory of Old Moscow, most housing complexes are localized in areas of increased engineering-geological and technogenic danger. Additional risk factors are an increase in the number of storeys and building density. They are characterized by a steady positive trend over the period under review.
Alternative spatial weights matrices: methodology and application in calculating LISA
Authors:   MGIMO University, Okunev Igor Yu. , Kushnareva Anna E. ,   MGIMO University
Published: June 2023

The heuristic potential of spatial methods depends heavily on thechoice ofa spatial weight matrix. The article illustrates the creation and use ofabsolute geographic versus relative socio-political matrix and tests both by calculating spatial autocorrelation for development indicators. Particularly, a comparison is made of spatial association patterns in geometric and geopolitical space on a sample of the 193 UN member states. The Moran's I is calculated to assess the degree of the neighborhood effect for both matrices. International clustering patterns are explored with local indicators of spatial association (LISA), plotted on a map with the two types of matrices. Comparing LISA cartograms helps identify possible opportunities for socio-political phenomena to spread throughout space, as well as the trends inthe spatial organization of the international politics. Carrying out calculations with different matrices allows us to single out groups of observations that constitute the core of the cluster. On the contrary, “transitive” observations that change their cluster affiliation in a supposedly homogeneous group, can also be detected. Also, the usage of different types of weight matrices can help highlight the “gray zones” - parts of the data set that lack spatial autocorrelation and may require additional research. Overall, the results suggest that usingboth absolute topological and relative socio-economic weight matrices is reasonable for the purposes of exploratory spatial analysis. Using matrices based on different types of variables concurrently can assist in detecting new trends in spatial organization and providing empirical confirmation for existing spatial patterns.
Who was the «first Vsevolod»? A new interpretation of the ktetor inscription in the Saviour Church on Nereditsa Hill
Authors:   Institute of Russian History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lukin Pavel Vladimirovich ,   The School for Advanced Studies in the Humanities, Institute of Social Sciences, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: June 2023

The article discusses a praise inscription in the Saviour Church on Nereditsa Hill, built and decorated with frescoes at the end of the 12th c. In the church there is a portrait of the ktetor, Prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich of Novgorod, with an inscription praising him, in which he is called «the God-loving prince, the second Vsevolod». The question arises: who was meant by the «first Vsevolod»? Scholars offered two candidates: the Vladimir Prince Vsevolod the Big Nest, whose protégé was Yaroslav, and the Novgorod Prince Vsevolod Mstislavich, driven out of Novgorod in 1136. Vsevolod the Big Nest, as has been shown in previous scholarship, does not fit this role, because at the time of the temple`s painting he was alive, and such exaltation did not comply with the Old Russian traditions. The main argument in favour of the candidacy of Vsevolod Mstislavich is an account of the hagiographic work, written in Pskov on the occasion of the transfer of his relics. However, it turns out to be a late and unreliable text. The author substantiates the idea that by the «first Vsevolod» may have been implied the Prince of Kiev Vsevolod Yaroslavich (1077, 1078–1093), who was the great grandfather of Yaroslav Vladimirovich. In annals there are evidences of veneration of Vsevolod Jaroslavich by his descendants, the eldest of which in the late 1190s was Yaroslav. Besides, it was Vsevolod Yaroslavich who according to some evidence was considered as a donator of the Novgorod liberties at that time. On the other hand, Yaroslav’s father Vladimir Mstislavich and Vsevolod Mstislavich were the sons of the prince of Kiev Mstislav the Great from different marriages, and belonged to the princely clans mostly warring with each other. Both for Yaroslav Vladimirovich and for Novgorodians Vsevolod Yaroslavich was a much more acceptable figure to be praised and to serve as a model for descendants. The article shows that historiography was influenced by late hagiography and modern historians’ perceptions of the Novgorod «revolution» of 1136, of which Vsevolod Mstislavich was a victim. At the same time real dynastic beliefs of Riurikids in pre-Mongol Rus and the elite surrounding them have turned out to be almost completely forgotten.
An innovative study of the history of the formation of the Belarusian and Ukrainian languages
Authors:   Branch of Russian Social University in Minsk, Shevchenko Kirill Vladimirovich , Kazak Oleg Gennadyevich ,   Belarusian State Economic University
Published: June 2023

The article is a review the book «“Native Word”. Belarusian and Ukrainian languages at school (Essays on the history of mass education in the middle of the 19th – the middle of the 20th century)». The collection of essays is devoted to the organization of education in the Belarusian and Ukrainian lands, which during the mid-19th – mid-20th centuries were part of various state formations (Russian Empire, Austria-Hungary, USSR, Poland). The authors of the essays (historians and philologists from Russia, Belarus, Ukraine) consider the national and cultural policy of the authorities towards Belarusians and Ukrainians from new theoretical and methodological positions. Scientists note that specific manifestations of educational policy depended on a complex set of interrelated factors (the representation of power and intellectual elites about the ethnic population; the need to combat unwanted cultural influences (for example, with Polish influence in the Belarusian provinces of the Russian Empire); the activity of representatives of the Belarusian and Ukrainian national movements; the reaction of Belarusian and Ukrainian inhabitance to educational practices). Most of the articles are distinguished by a high scientific level and have a solid source base. Many materials and archival documents are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. At the same time, the reviewers identified points that could be improved in the future editions of the book. For example, they note a simplified understanding by scientists of the influence of the ideology of Western Russianness (Zapadnorusizm) and the ethno-confessional character of the inhabitants of the Belarusian provinces of the Russian Empire. They pay attention to the lack of analysis of the activities of representatives of the Russophile trend in the national and cultural life of Galicia, insufficient attention to the study of the attitude towards activities in the educational sphere of the population of the Russian-Belarusian and Russian-Ukrainian borderlands during the period of Soviet indigenization (Korenizatsiya). The articles in the book under review can give impetus to further research into various aspects of the national and cultural life of the peoples of Eastern Europe.
Death and the idea of individualization in Athenagoras of Athens as a refutation of the modern understanding of death as the death of personality
Authors:   Ss. Cyril and Methodius Theological Institute of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Malnov Priest Pavel
Published: June 2023

The article is about the critical analysis of the modern understanding of the “death of personality”. The point of view of the early Christian teacher of the Eastern Church Athenagoras of Athens is taken as the basis of this consideration. His heritage “On the Resurrection of the Dead” tells us that man is an immortal being. The author introduces a certain terminology to describe the process of immortality to human nature. According to Athenagoras, death is an ordinary process, like a comparison with sleep. Death is not the final stage of human life, rather it is a phase of change from corruption to incorruption. To provide evidence, Athenagoras discusses the judgment of God, where each person personally needs to answer for the actions committed during lifetime. There is no precise definition of personality in the author’s work, but his arguments about the immortal soul and the resurrection of the human body as an integral part of the human hypostasis allow us to imagine a person as a hypostasis, which means a personal creation of God. The meaning of all described is the contemplation of God. In total, the hypostasis is a person who is not subject to death.
Natural theology in the legacy of St. Innocent (Borisov)
Authors:   St Petersburg Theological Academy, Lushnikov Priest Dimitri
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to analyzing St. Innocent Borisov’s natural theology heritage — the teachings on the proofs for the existence of God and on divine attributes, which are presented, respectively, in his fundamental and dogmatic theologies. The analysis is preceded by a brief history of the formation of Russian fundamental theology, within which two main directions of its development have been revealed for the first time: as natural theology at the Moscow Theological Academy and as general theology at the St. Petersburg and Kiev Theological Academies. The problems of localizing the doctrine on divine attributes in the structure of Russian theology are highlighted. In addition to a detailed presentation of the content of the above mentioned St. Innocent’s doctrines, their characteristics are given, the advantages and disadvantages of the scholar’s natural theology are revealed, and the degree of the impact of Western theological systems on his natural theology is determined. On the whole, St. Innocent’s rational theology heritage is characterized as one of the first domestic experiences of independent research work in this area of theological knowledge. It is concluded that St. Innocent Borisov may rightfully be considered one of the founders of the new academic theology of the Synodal period, who laid solid foundations for the further formation and development of identical Russian theology as such.
The visit of the Anglican theologian William Palmer to Russia and theological conversations with Russian church leaders in 1840–1841
Authors:   Ss. Cyril and Methodius Theological Institute of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, (Ochkanov) Hierodeacon Alexy
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to one of the pages in the history of relations between the Russian Orthodox and Anglican Churches — the first visit of archdeacon William Palmer to Russia. The Anglican theologian, an associate of the Oxford movement, arrived in Russia in order to prove the correctness of the “theory of branches” proposed by the Oxford theologians and, as a consequence, to enter into Eucharistic communion with the Orthodox believers. Palmer had conversations on this issue with the chief Prosecutor of the Synod N. A. Protasov, Archimandrite Athanasius (Drozdov), Archpriest V. Kutnevich, Metropolitan Philaret of Moscow, and other representatives of the Russian clergy. As a result of meetings and conversations, the Anglican archdeacon was denied intercommunion, but the Russian Church authorities were sympathetic to the idea of rapprochement between the Anglican and Russian Orthodox Churches and agreed to continue the dialogue on this issue. The article analyzes the purpose, content and outcome of W. Palmer’s visit to Russia, as well as the reasons why the Anglican theologian was not accepted into Eucharistic communion. The article highlights the personal contribution of the Archdeacon Palmer to strengthening of the the relationship between representatives of the two Churches, as well as his role in increasing interest for Anglicanism on the part of the Russian clergy and the church community.
“It would be a good idea to carry out a research project called ‘Theologians’ ships’…”
Authors:   St Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Khondzinskii Archpriest Pavel
Published: June 2023

A conversation with a historian of Russian theology of the Modern era touches upon the continuity of some key ideas that are characteristic of the Diaspora Theology of the 20th century in relation to the ideas whose origins are found in Russian spiritual and academic theology of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Contrary to the well-established opinion that Russian post-revolutionary emigration theology was a new, breakthrough phase in theological development, the author shows that such concepts as Trinitarian ecclesiology, personalism, theosis, kenotic theology (characteristic of this theology) in fact arise and form among Russian authors from the end of 1880-s until the turning point in 1917. The following specific questions are also raised during the conversation: the emergence of the Russian theological school, contemporary anthropology in its connection with the anthropology of St. Augustine; receptions of the Areopagite Corpus in pre-revolutionary Russia; the influence of Western theology, in particular French mysticism of the 17th century, as well as the influence of the latest philosophy and psychology for that time on representatives of the Russian spiritual and academic tradition. The author connects the peculiarities of Russian pre-revolutionary theology with the fact that among the Orthodox Churches, it is the Russian Church that is the first to find itself in the situation of the new time with its secularization, non-religious humanism and specific philosophical language. The status of Russian lay theologians (first of all, professors of theological schools, who belonged together with the teachers-priests to the same spiritual-academic corporation) is also discussed. The conversation can be considered as a multifaceted look at the history of Russian Orthodox theology in recent centuries, where there are still gaps identified by the author.
Rehabilitation of water distribution networks: when and how to rehabilitate
Authors: Evangelista Leandro Alves , Brentan Bruno Melo , Lima Gustavo Meirelles
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a deterioration model is created and used to simulate the life cycle of a water distribution network (WDN). Then, two strategies – leakage fixing and pipe cleaning – are evaluated to rehabilitate its capacity to attend the demand. In order to implement the deterioration model, the following parameters were considered: growth of the consumer population, increase in leakage rate, functional pipe deterioration and reduction of the hydraulic capacity of the pumps. For the leakage fixing, a fixed reduction rate in water losses was considered throughout the entire WDN until a minimum reference value was reached. For pipe rehabilitation, leaning was considered at a rate of 1% of the total length of the network per year. In each of the rehabilitation strategies, a cost–benefit analysis was carried out using the net present value. The results showed that both alternatives can restore the capacity of the WDN, with the pipe cleaning presenting a better economic impact.
Modulation of phytotoxic and cytogenetic effects of cadmium by humic acid: Findings from a short-term plant-based bioassay
Authors: Samarakoon Thilomi , Fujino Takeshi
Published: June 2023

The study of the modulation of the toxicity of heavy metals by coexisting chemicals in the environment is vital for realistic ecological risk assessment. Our study was aimed at determining possible toxicity modulations of Cd by humic acid (HA) using the Allium cepa test system. A. cepa bulbs were exposed to Cd (1 and 5 mg/L) and HA (10 mg/L) individually or in mixtures. The root lengths of the bulbs and cytogenetic endpoints in root meristematic cells, including the mitotic index (MI), nuclear abnormalities (NAs), and chromosomal abnormalities (CAs), were determined. The results revealed that the MIs of A. cepa co-exposed to HA and Cd were significantly recovered by >15% compared with those of A. cepa subjected to Cd-only treatments, and this response was more sensitive than the phytotoxic response (root length). Furthermore, the burden of NAs was significantly decreased in the co-exposed bulbs by >20% compared with bulbs with Cd-only treatments. The frequencies of CAs were also reduced in the bulbs co-exposed to HA and 1 and 5 mg/L Cd by >15 and >25%, respectively, compared with bulbs receiving Cd-only treatments. Therefore, our findings indicated that HA plays a significant protective role in Cd toxicity in A. cepa.
Combining phthalimide innate of a positive-charge nanofiltration membrane for high selectivity and rejection for bivalent cations
Authors: Wang Zhe , Cao Jiawei , Zhang Fan , Zhang Xinbo , Tan Xinai
Published: June 2023

A positively charged nanofiltration (NF) membrane is known to have exceptional separation performance for bivalent cations in aqueous solutions. In this study, a new NF activity layer was created using interfacial polymerization (IP) on a polysulfone (PSF) ultrafiltration substrate membrane. The aqueous phase combines the two monomers of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and phthalimide, while successfully producing a highly efficient and accurate NF membrane. The conditions of the NF membrane were studied and further optimized. The aqueous phase crosslinking process enhances the polymer interaction, resulting in an excellent pure water flux of 7.09 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1 under a pressure of 0.4 MPa. Additionally, the NF membrane shows excellent selectivity toward inorganic salts, with a rejection order of MgCl2 > CaCl2 > MgSO4 > Na2SO4 > NaCl. Under optimal conditions, the membrane was able to reject up to 94.33% of 1,000 mg/L of MgCl2 solution at an ambient temperature. Further to assess the antifouling properties of the membrane with bovine serum albumin (BSA), the flux recovery ratio (FRR) was calculated to be 81.64% after 6 h of filtration. This paper presents an efficient and straightforward approach to customize a positively charged NF membrane. We achieve this by introducing phthalimide, which enhances the membrane's stability and rejection performance.
Osteoblast Biospecific Extraction Conjugated with HPLC Analysis for
Screening Bone Regeneration Active Components from Moutan Cortex
Authors: Yao Fei , Chen Wei , Gu Weiwei , Xu Heng , Hou Wenyue , Liang Guoqiang , Zhang Zhu Ruixian , Jiang Guorong , Zhang Lurong
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

The function of promoting bone regeneration of Moutan Cortex (MC), a
traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely known but, the effective components of MC in promoting
osteoblast-mediated bone regeneration were still unclear.

Objective:

The method of osteoblast membrane bio-specific extraction conjugated with HPLC
analysis was established to screen bone regeneration active components from MC.

Methods:

The fingerprints, washing eluate and desorption eluate of MC extract were analyzed by
the established HPLC-DAD method. The established MC3T3-E1 cells membrane chromatography
method was used for the bio-specific extraction of MC. The isolated compounds were identified
by MS spectrometry. The effects and possible mechanisms of the isolated compounds were evaluated
by molecular docking, ALP activity, cell viability by MTT Assay and proteins expression by
Western Blot Analysis.

Results:

The active compound responsible for bone regeneration from MC was isolated using the
established method of osteoblast membrane bio-specific extraction conjugated with HPLC analysis,
and it was identified as 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-β-galloyl-D-glucose (PGG) by MS spectrometry. It
was further demonstrated through molecular docking that PGG could fit well into the functional
ALP, BMP2, and Samd1 binding pocket. The proliferation of osteoblasts was promoted, the level
of ALP was increased, and the protein expression of BMP2 and Smad1 was increased as shown by
further pharmacological verification.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that PGG, the bone regeneration active compound from MC, could
stimulate the proliferation of osteoblasts to promote osteoblast differentiation, and its mechanism
might be related to the BMP/Smad1 pathway.
Metabolism Pathways of Major Therapeutics for Treating Monkeypox Mono- and
Co-infection with Human Immunodeficient Virus or SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Yan Daisy , Yan Bingfang
Published: June 2023

Monkeypox is a zoonotic viral disease and remains endemic in tropical regions of Central and West Africa.
Since May of 2022, cases of monkeypox have soared and spread worldwide. Confirmed cases have shown no
travel history to the endemic regions as seen in the past. The World Health Organization declared monkeypox a
global public health emergency in July 2022, and the United States government followed suit one month later. The
current outbreak, in contrast to traditional epidemics, has high coinfection rates, particularly with HIV (human immunodeficiency
virus), and to a lesser extent with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2),
the pathogen of COVID-19. No drugs have been approved specifically for monkeypox. However, there are therapeutic
agents authorized to treat monkeypox under the Investigational New Drug protocol, including brincidofovir,
cidofovir, and tecovirimat. In contrast to limited options for monkeypox treatment, there are available drugs specifically
for HIV or SARS-CoV-2 infection. Interestingly, these HIV and COVID-19 medicines share metabolism pathways
with those authorized to treat monkeypox, particularly of hydrolysis, phosphorylation, and active membrane
transport. This review discusses how these pathways shared by these medicines should be considered to gain therapeutic
synergy and maximize safety for treating monkeypox coinfections.
Gardenin B, A Natural Inhibitor for USP7: In vitro Evaluation and In silico Identification
Authors: Zhang Siyu , Sun Yujie , Bai Zhongyue , Wang Yifan , Zhao Guangjian , Yao Fengli , Yang Yacong , Hu Yu , Li Xionghao , Liu Fang , Wang Peng , Xu Ximing
Published: June 2023

Background:

Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) is one of the most widely studied deubiquitin
enzymes (DUBs). The protein level of USP7 is highly expressed in a variety of malignant cancers,
which suggests that it is a prognostic marker of cancers and a potential drug target for oncotherapy.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to identify natural and effective USP7 inhibitors, in order to understand
the activation of the USP7/p53 pathway by natural inhibitors.

Methods:

In this study, USP7 enzyme activity screening assay system and p53 luciferase reporter assay
system have been applied for the discovery of natural USP7 inhibitors targeting the catalytic active site.
Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation revealed the combined mechanism between
USP7 with gardenin B.

Results:

The gardenin B was screened from our home-lab natural products (160 flavonoids) and had cytotoxicity
in HCT116 cells (IC50 = 46.28 ± 2.16 μM). Preliminary in vitro studies disclosed its antiproliferative
activity and activated p53 signaling pathway in HCT116 cells. We found that the complex formed by
gardenin B and 5vsk (Ledock score = -6.86, MM/GBSA score = -53.35) had the optimal binding conformation.
Moreover, the MD simulation showed that the π-π interactions between gardenin B with His461
and Phe409, and the hydrogen bonds interaction between gardenin B with Leu406 played an important
role in maintaining the close binding of the complexes.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, gardenin B could be used as a natural product inhibitor of USP7 for further
optimized design and development potential.
Obstacles and Threats for Developing Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in a
Developing Country: Iran
Authors: Khosravi-Darani Koroush , Khosravi-Darani Kianoush
Published: June 2023

The development of entrepreneurship which is a requirement for the commercialization
of academic findings in each society depends on many influencing factors. In this paper, these influencing
variables on the entrepreneurial ecosystem in IRAN (in general and with a special focus
on food technology) have been discussed. Furthermore, the ecosystem, and situations of the food
industry in Iran as well as the barriers to the development of entrepreneurship have been described.
After a review of the key success of succeeding countries, then, obstacles and approaches in Iran
have been described. Also, the method and manner of ecosystem development, as well as effective
components in the entrepreneurship ecosystem are introduced. Finally, the key success factors of
the entrepreneurial ecosystem and evaluation criteria are described. Both academic and food industries
may benefit from this study, especially start-ups, which want to start a business in this ecosystem
and similar ones. Based on previous experiences a questionnaire has been recommended for the
development of a new network, e.g. food technology network.
A Review on Imaging Techniques and Artificial Intelligence Models for
Osteoporosis Prediction
Authors: Inigo S.Arun , Tamilselvi R. , Beham M.Parisa
Published: June 2023

Osteoporosis causes harmful influences on both men and women of all races. Bone mass, also referred to as "bone density," is frequently used to assess the health of bone. Humans frequently experience bone fractures as a result of trauma, accidents, metabolic bone diseases, and disorders of bone strength, which are typically led by changes in mineral composition and result in conditions like osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteopenia, etc. Artificial intelligence holds a lot of promise for the healthcare system. Data collection and preprocessing seem to be more essential for analysis, so bone images from different modalities, such as X-ray, Computed Tomography (CT), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), are taken into consideration that help to recognize, classify, and evaluate the patterns in clinical images. This research presents a comprehensive overview of the performance of various image processing techniques and deep learning approaches used to predict osteoporosis through image segmentation, classification, and fault detection. This survey outlined the proposed domain-based deep learning model for image classification in addition to the initial findings. The outcome identifies the flaws in the existing literature's methodology and lays the way for future work in the deep learning-based image analysis model.
Carbonated Beverages and Puffed Foods Cause Gastric Rupture: A Case
Report
Authors: Wu Jianfen , Zhang Jinshun , Yang Wei
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Carbonated beverages and puffed foods are popular among young people during leisure and entertainment. However, there have been a few death cases reported after ingesting large amounts of junk food in a short time.

Case Presentation:

A 34-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with acute abdominal pain due to a bad mood and consumption of large amounts of carbonated beverages and puffed foods. Emergency surgery revealed a ruptured dilated stomach combined with severe abdominal infection, and the patient died after the surgery.

Conclusion:

We should keep in mind the possibility of gastrointestinal perforation in patients with acute abdomen with a history of heavy consumption of carbonated beverages and puffed foods. We need to evaluate the acute abdomen patients after taking large amounts of carbonated beverages and puffed foods in combination with symptoms, signs, inflammatory indicators, imaging and other examinations, and the possibility of gastric perforation needs to be considered, and emergency repair surgery should be arranged.