bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On comparison of linear differential operators of functions on circle, line, and half-line
Authors: Trigub R.M.
Published: March 2021

We study the following problem: describe all linear differential operators with constant coefficients that are majorated by given operators of the same form.
Behaviour of exact constants in inequalities of Jackson type
Authors: Doronin V.G. , Ligun A.A.
Published: March 2021

We studied the behaviour of exact constants in inequalities of Jackson type in $L_p$ space.
To the question of regularization of vector optimization problems
Authors: Kogut P.I. , Nechai I.V.
Published: March 2021

We propose the method of regularization of one class of vector optimizations problems in Banach spaces, in case where vector-valued mapping is not lower semicontinuous in certain sense, which implies violation of sufficient conditions of solvability.
Exact values and estimates of interpolational spreads of some subspaces of Hermitian splines
Authors: Velikіn V.L.
Published: March 2021

We received both upper and lower estimates as well as exact values of mutual deviation of certain interpolatory subspaces of Hermitian splines in the spaces of continuously differentiable functions.
Career and scientific oeuvre of Nikolai Pavlovich Korneichuk
Authors: Babenko V.F. , Motornyi V.P.
Published: March 2021

Career and scientific oeuvre of Nikolai Pavlovich Korneichuk.
On lower bounds for generalized Lebesgue constants of Fourier-Jacobi sums in $L^p_{\rho}$ spaces
Authors: Goncharov S.V.
Published: March 2021

We obtain lower estimates for the generalized Lebesgue constants of Fourier-Jacobi sums, in the spaces of functions being integrable with the $\rho(t) = (1-t)^A (1+t)^B$ weight, therefore confirming an exactness of known upper estimates.
On degree of approximation of function by Voronoi means of its Fourier integral
Authors: Bojtsun L.G. , Rybnikova T.I.
Published: March 2021

The theorem on the degree of approximation to continuous function $f(x) \in L(-\infty; \infty)$ by Voronoi means of its Fourier integral is proved.
Eve as Cyborg
Authors: Conway Colleen M.
Published: March 2021

The essay argues that the figure of the female cyborg introduced by Donna Haraway has yet to live up to its post-gender emancipatory promise. Both Haraway and Jack Halberstam contrast the female cyborg with the biblical Eve and her mythic origins in the garden of Eden. I argue that the figure of Eve is actually an ancient precursor to the female cyborg. Even more than the Greek myth of Pygmalion, the Eden myth shares common elements with later stories of man-made women. Like them, Eve was made to satisfy male desire, but then followed her own desires. Like later stories of female cyborgs, the representation of Eve reflects both male desire and male fear. After analyzing both Ovid’s Pygmalion and Genesis 2-3, I trace common elements through the nineteenth century science fiction novel L’Eve future and the twenty-first century film Ex Machina. Like Eve, the female cyborgs in these works are built in a garden and their “emancipation” occurs only within the confines of androcentric heteronormative gender patterns.
NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE IMPROVEMENT. RESOLUTION OF THE INDEPENDENT EXPERT COUNCIL IN THE FIELD OF PREVENTIVE IMMUNIZATION
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: March 2021

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TO THE MEMORY OF NOVIKOVA ELENA CHESLAVOVNA
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: March 2021

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TOYS AS TEXTS: TOWARDS A MULTIMODAL FRAMEWORK TO TOYS’ SEMIOTICS
Authors: Almeida Danielle Barbosa Lins de
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Toys, in their myriad versions, have been historically considered as objects of investigation insofar as their educational use, play and effects are concerned. Nevertheless, it must be said that academic research in the direction of toys’ multimodal configurations and meaning-making potential has been quite scant, despite a few relevant studies in the area (Caldas-Coulthard & van Leeuwen, 2001, 2002, 2004; Machin & Van Leeuwen, 2009; Almeida, 2006; 2008; 2009; 2014; 2017; 2018). This paper presentation attempts at demonstrating how systems of signification derived from the Grammar of Visual Design (VG) by Kress and van Leeuwen (2006 [1996]), such as the subsystem of modality (reality value), when combined with other concepts, such as Varney’s (1999; 2003) concept of technocracy of sensuality and Fleming’s (1996) notions of harder representationality and tactile attachment, have proved effective as theoretical tools to toy semiotics by allowing to go beyond the investigation of toys’ two-dimensional perspective to check on their material configurations such as texture, smell, kinetic possibilities and the degree of realism of these three-dimensional childhood representations. By means of primarily linguistic lens, I believe to contribute to social semiotic research through the articulation of the analysis of linguistic aspects of data with the discussion of social issues such as gender roles, diversity, representation and inclusion. All in all, my main intention is to propose an innovative, exploratory look into toys as texts as well as ideologically-loaded cultural artefacts.
WHEN THE OBLIGATION TO BE NEUTRAL BECOMES THE RIGHT TO DISCRIMINATE: DISCURSIVE STRUGGLES OVER LGBT+ RIGHTS AT POLISH UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Pakuła Łukasz , Chojnicka Joanna
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT In this article, we discuss the narratives of struggle, resistance, and counter-resistance over the rights of the LGBT+ community at several Polish universities, which remain unnamed in order to protect our informants. In particular, we look at the discourses of LGBT+ groups struggling to establish or maintain organizations of various forms (from students’ study circles to union-like institutions) within the context of internal university structure, Polish academic culture and current political developments in the country. This research draws on semi-structured in-depth interviews we conducted in the spring and summer of 2020. In our analyses of the interview material, we apply a multidisciplinary methodological framework combining CDA and narrative inquiry in order to examine linguistic phenomena participating in constructing a particular version of reality through text in talk. Such research design enables us to offer a case study of the difficulties and obstacles faced by LGBT+ activists in the Polish academia the way they understand them, and of the resistance strategies they employ in this particular context. Our research shows a wide range of resistance strategies employed by the LGBT+ community members that can be classified according to the scale of discriminatory practices they form a response to (systemic/individual discrimination) and the type of the response itself (group/individual response). On the basis of the discussed examples, our article offers an interagentive matrix of strategies of addressing LGBT+ issues emerging within the Polish academic context.
Mapeamento da erodibilidade e erosão potencial do solo em uma bacia hidrográfica de encosta
Authors: Miguel Pablo , Dalmolin Ricardo Simão Diniz , Moura-Bueno Jean Michel , Soares Maurício Fornalski , Cunha Henrique Noguez da , Albert Renata Pinto , Stumpf Lizete , Leidemer Jeferson Diego
Published: March 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar o potencial de perda de solo por meio da equação universal de perda de solo e identificar os fatores que controlam o processo erosivo em uma bacia hidrográfica de encosta. O fator erosividade da chuva (R) foi calculado por meio de dados normais de precipitação, obtendo-se, assim, índices mensais de erosão. O fator erodibilidade do solo (K) foi obtido a partir de uma amostragem de solo realizada por meio de uma malha de 340 pontos, na qual os valores foram interpolados pelo método da krigagem ordinária. O fator topográfico (LS) foi gerado a partir do Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE), já os fatores uso e manejo e práticas conservacionistas (CP) foram obtidos por meio de observações de campo e valores tabelados. As maiores taxas de perdas abrangem 27% da área e se concentram em locais de maiores declividades nos quais predominam solos rasos, como Neossolos Litólicos e Neossolos Regolíticos. O fator LS determinou a magnitude do processo erosivo e o fator CP apresentou a maior relação com o controle das perdas de solo. Os resultados encontrados mostram a importância do fator cobertura do solo, em que medidas de manutenção da vegetação e práticas conservacionistas devem ser adotadas e consideradas pelos gestores ambientais em regiões de encosta com predomínio de solos rasos associados a relevo declivoso.
Reatores híbridos anaeróbio e aeróbio para remoção de matéria orgânica e nitrogênio em esgoto doméstico diluído
Authors: Santos Marcus Vinícius Alves dos , Morais Juliana Cardoso de , Veras Shyrlane Torres Soares , Leite Wanderli Rogério Moreira , Gavazza Savia , Florencio Lourdinha , Kato Mario Takayuki
Published: March 2021

RESUMO A remoção de matéria orgânica e de nitrogênio em esgoto doméstico diluído foi avaliada em dois reatores híbridos, um anaeróbio (RHAN) e outro aeróbio (RHAE). O RHAN era formado por uma câmara tipo upflow anaerobic sludge blanket sobreposta por outra de filtro anaeróbio, enquanto o RHAE tinha uma câmara de lodo ativado sobreposta por outra de biofilme aerado submerso. A operação do sistema foi dividida em duas fases, FI e FII, com razões de recirculação de 50 e 75% e duração de 94 e 110 dias, respectivamente. Para a remoção de nitrogênio, o RHAE foi operado com oxigênio dissolvido de 3,0 mg.L-1. A técnica da reação em cadeia da polimerase foi empregada tanto para o lodo suspenso das câmaras inferiores, como para o biofilme aderido nas câmaras superiores, para identificar a presença de micro-organismos desnitrificantes e nitrificantes. As maiores eficiências de remoção em termos de demanda química de oxigênio e nitrogênio total foram obtidas em FII, sendo 91% e ~50%, respectivamente; as concentrações no efluente foram ~40 mg O2.L-1 e ~15 mg N-NT.L-1. A presença de três grupos de bactérias, as desnitrificantes, as oxidantes de amônia e as oxidantes de nitrito, foi confirmada no biofilme aderido do RHAE, indicando uma biomassa mixotrófica e sugerindo a possibilidade do processo de nitrificação e desnitrificação simultânea.
O FINANCIAMENTO DA EJA NO FUNDEB: A POLÍTICA QUE REITEROU A NEGAÇÃO DO DIREITO
Authors: Cruz Rosana Evangelista da , Sales Luís Carlos , Almeida Lucine Rodrigues Vasconcelos Borges de
Published: March 2021

O estudo objetiva analisar o financiamento da EJA, problematizando os limites da matriz de financiamento do Fundeb. Buscou responder ao seguinte questionamento: o que justifica a existência de valores por aluno do Fundeb para a EJA menores do que o mínimo nacionalmente em Estado que recebe a complementação da União? A investigação foi de natureza quanti-qualitativa e de cunho documental. Teve como referências sobre financiamento da educação e de políticas públicas para EJA. A pesquisa revelou que os valores de EJA, inferiores ao mínimo definido nacionalmente, ocorreu somente no estado do Piauí, devido a trava que impõe que uma modalidade não pode se apropriar de mais de 15% do total do Fundo.O problema ocorrido nos últimos anos do Fundeb, 2017 a 2020, penalizando redes que investiram, completar,
Morphology and morphometric study of occipital condyles
Authors:   Tutor, Department of Anatomy, Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India., Anjum Asra , Pandurangam Gayathri ,   Assistant Professor, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal Univeristy, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Respiratory Care Department., Garapati Supriya ,   Professor, Department of Anatomy, Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India., Bandarupalli Naveen ,   Professor, Department of Anatomy, Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India., Rabbani Hajera ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India., Divya P  ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India.
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The occipital condyles are undersurface protruberances of the occipital bone in vertebrates, which articulate with the superior facets of the atlas vertebra. The condyles are oval or reniform in shape, and their anterior extremities directed forward and medially and are closer together than the posterior end. Aim: The aim of the study is to provide important anatomical parameters for lateral transcondylar approach. Materials and Methods: 200 occipital condyles in 100 dry human skulls ( 73 males and 27 females) were studied. The measured parameters included length, width, height, shape, anterior and posterior intercondylar distance, distance between basion and opesthion, distance from anterior tip of the condyle to the basion and opestion and distance from posterior tip to the basion and opesthion. Measurements were made using Vernier Callipers. Results: The mean length, width and height of the occipital condyles in males is greater than females. The anterior intercondylar distance is more in females whereas posterior intercondylar distance is more in males. The mean distance from basion to opesthion / anteroposteriordiamerer of foramen magnum is more in males than in females. The mean distance between the anterior tip of occipital condyles to basion is more in females than in males on both the sides. Conclusion: The knowledge of condylar anatomy helps the surgeon in making important decisions regarding extent and direction of condylar drilling and minimizing injury and retraction of neural structures. KEY WORDS: Occipital Condyles, Foramen Magnum, Intercondylar distance, Basion, Opesthion.
Importance of a High Performing GC-MS Based Screening Method for Testing Stability Samples for Volatile and Semi-Volatile Leachable Impurities
Authors: Vas Gyorgy , Fleck Louis , Michelson Anna , Dunn Nicole , Duett John , Cali Jacquelyn
Published: March 2021

Leachable testing for finished pharmaceutical products is an important part of the regulatory filing and is under more regulatory scrutiny than ever before. Leachable testing for multiple finished drug products such as biologics, large volume parenterals, and polymer-based finished products requires analysis at trace levels with a high level of confidence. A high level of analytical expertise and top-of-the-line analytical instrumentation is required for work at trace levels. (The definition of trace level analytical testing has not been accurately defined; however, to have a sense of the “trace-level”-associated testing issues, we are arbitrarily assigning levels below 100 ng/mL as trace level and below 1 ng/mL as ultra-trace level in this paper). Leachable testing ideally should be performed on a targeted list of analytes compiled from an extractable study and an extractable and leachable correlation study, along with a general non-targeted screening evaluation to avoid any undetected leachables. For targeted screening, analytical testing is more straightforward and can typically detect targets at ppb or sub-ppb levels without issue. However, for a general screening method, this can be difficult, and many times requires special sample preparation combined with high-resolution accurate-mass detection. Case studies will be presented to demonstrate the importance of high-performance and highly sensitive screening methods in detecting unexpected leachables, and in supporting related quality investigations. The importance of well-designed and executed system suitability will also be discussed in this paper.
Information Policy as Communication Concept
Authors: Ovrutsky Aleksandr
Published: March 2021

The article is aimed at reviewing and comparing the key aspects of information policy, and describing it as a communication concept. The author extrapolates Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy`s model on the object field of information policy. The topicality of the research is determined by the necessity to study the emergence of a new informational society, mediatization of politics, the development of information policy and its institutionalization, information management techniques in the context of artificial intelligence development, as well as by the interdisciplinary character of the phenomenon. The author defines the terms information, social information and information policy, compares and analyses various approaches to interpreting them, shows differences in understanding purposes, functions and components of information policy, and gives the examples of a lateral and a unilateral approaches to defining information policy. The author also determines three concepts of information policy, namely, press relations service, marketing concept, and Rosenstock-Huessy`s dialogic concept. In this context, the author specifies four correction discourses relevant in information policy practices (Unity, Faith, Power, and Respect), and infers that Rosenstock-Huessy`s concept provides for forming strategic framework for implementing information policy, and journalism in this context is interpreted as a discourse technique of social construction. The key inference suggests that an information policy is aimed at constructing and structuring information landscape, production of meaning and images, and correcting the mass consciousness. Communication campaigns are vied as actions within an information policy.
Distance Learning in Vocational High Schools during the COVID-19 Pandemic in West Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyanti Budi , Purnama Wawan , Pawinanto Roer Eka
Published: March 2021

This study aims to investigate (1) the availability of learning facilities for distance learning (or online learning), (2) the ability of students and teachers to utilize the learning facilities, and (3) how distance learning activities take place at public or private vocational high schools, specifically whether it is perceived to be more interesting than ordinary learning. This study used a survey method to obtain data and a quantitative descriptive method to analyze the data. The type of data in this study was primary based on the responses of respondents or individuals from groups representing the population of public and private vocational high schools, especially in the Electrical Engineering Clusters in the entire areas of West Java. The results revealed that online learning has been carried out in many public and private vocational high schools in West Java. This study indicates that the availability of online learning facilities, the utilization of facilities, and the online learning process in public vocational high schools were better than those in private vocational high schools. In general, students of both public and private vocational high schools stated that online learning is not more interesting than ordinary learning, although most of them can understand the lessons taught and they were given an opportunity by their teachers to actively participate during the learning process.
Developing Information Technology in OpenCourseWare: From Movements to Opportunities in Asia
Authors: Saripudin Saripudin , Djohar As'Ari , Rohendi Dedi , Abdullah Ade Gafar
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to summarize and analyze the Developing Information Technology in Open CourseWare (OCW) movements and new opportunities in Asia in the context of supporting the education process in higher education that is in accordance with the recent demands for graduate competency supported by IT innovation. The review method is carried out in 3 stages: searching and downloading articles, filtering and sorting, and final screening. The results of this review show that the OCW movement in Asia is growing rapidly, among others, due to IT innovation, stakeholder commitment, public awareness, and the need for quality teaching materials. In the era of web 5.0 technology, lecturers must have the competencies to develop electronic activities through the Web that make students truly active so that online learning actually takes place rather than the electronic reading process. The impact of IT innovation has brought drastic changes in the field of education in the learning process has become an effective driving tool for improving learning outcomes and achieving educational goals, one of the most recent innovations is OCW. OCW movement in Asia has progressed rapidly and significantly, although they experience transformations in accordance with technological developments and needs in the field.
Alkaloids Production and Cell Growth of Cinchona ledgeriana Moens: Effects of Fungal Filtrate and Methyl Jasmonate Elicitors
Authors: Hasibuan Yustiny Andaliza , Ratnadewi Diah , Mas’ud Zainal Alim
Published: March 2021

Cinchona alkaloids are known as antimalaria and anti-arrhythmic. Due to the long waiting time to harvest, cell culture technology is a challenge. This study aimed to determine the effects of elicitors, filtrate of two strains of endophytic fungi and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), in cell suspension culture of Cinchona ledgeriana on quinine and quinidine production. The cells were cultured for seven weeks in woody plant (WP) media treated with either of those elicitors in various concentrations. The cells growth was observed and the alkaloids were analyzed by HPLC. Cells treated with MeJA failed to grow that led to the cell biomass insufficiency for alkaloids determination.  It indicates that the cells are quite sensitive to even low concentration of MeJA that hampered the growth. Cells treated with the filtrate of Diaporthe sp. M13-Millipore filtered (S2M) gave the least cell biomass but presented the highest content of both alkaloids. Diaporthe sp. strain M-13 is stronger as elicitor than M-23 for this plant species. Filtrate of non-virulent fungi can elevate the biosynthesis of alkaloids. This reconfirms that cultured cells are capable to produce secondary metabolites and the productivity can be increased by using an appropriate elicitor.
Nature of fine materials compaction when roll briquetting in cells of different shapes
Authors: Babaylov N. A. , Loginov Yu. N. , Polyanskiy L. I.
Published: March 2021

In the work, the influence of the technological parameters for roll briquetting on the compaction coefficient and distribution of briquetting pressure along the curly generatrix of the cell cut on the roll of the briquetting press is investigated. The influence of the cell shape on the pressing roll and the size of the gap between the rolls was studied. The paper considers various forms of cells on rolls (or roll bandages) of four different types of the shapes. The purpose of the work is to describe the conditions manifestation of the so-called re-pressing of the briquette back part, leading to the appearance of cracks and destruction of the briquette according to the “dovetail” type. This phenomenon leads to a decrease in yield on the briquetting press and the formation of the return of material that must be involved in the processing of waste. A geometric model of material compaction in the cells of the briquetting press for four different shapes is constructed: pillow-shaped and three conical types. When creating the model, assumptions are made that are commonly used in the formulation of powder rolling problems. The conditions of the problem are fulfilled in a flat setting. In the model, a briquette of arbitrary shape is conventionally divided into several infinitely small volumes. The briquette formation begins in the capture section by densification of the selected volume element, the thickness of which remains unchanged until the end of the briquetting process. Plots of the compaction coefficients distribution along the direction of roll briquetting for the material for the considered cell types are constructed. The obtained data show that for the entire range of gaps between the rollers, the calculated compressibility of the briquetted material in a conical cell is higher than in a cell with a pillow-shaped shape. It was determined that the compaction coefficient in the front of the briquette is noticeably lower. To determine the plot of briquetting pressure along the generatrix of the cell, the method of standards was used, in which the dependence of the compaction coefficient on the briquetting pressure is preliminarily constructed. Then, the compaction coefficient is converted according to the compression curve for the material under study into compression forces. It is shown that to reduce the effect of re-pressing, it is necessary to increase the technological gap between the rollers of the briquetting press. The work was performed under the theme № 0391-2016-0001 (AAAA-A18-118020790140-5) and with the partial financial support of the Resolution № 211 of the Government of the Russian Federation, contract № 02.A03.21.0006.
About the possibility of identification of articles from steels, aluminum, copper and alloys on their basis on the expanded micro-impurity elemental composition
Authors: Sazonov Yu. B. , Ozherelkov D. Yu. , Latypov R. Sh. , Gorshkov E. E.
Published: March 2021

Possibility of determination of the fragments and articles made of different grades of steel aluminium and copper alloys and their affiliation to the common melt was examined via the methods of photoelectric spectral analysis based on composition of micro-impurities. Chemical elements with micro-impurities were revealed; they allow to determine affiliation of metal fragments to one melt. Ultimately possible deviations of micro-impurities within one melt were obtained. The technique allowing to establish affiliation of fragments to the common melt based on their elementary composition of micro-impurities with minimal amount of measurements was suggested based on the obtained results. The minimal geometric size of a sample available for analysis was determined; it allows to classify the examined fragments to one melt based on the results of investigation of expanded elementary composition of micro-impurities. Practical opportunities of this technique were displayed on the example of the alloys with different chemical composition.
PROBLEMS OF TRANSPORT COMMUNICATIONS RESTORATION AFTER NATURAL DISASTERS
Authors: PAVLOVA Lyudmila V. , PAVLOV Alexey A.
Published: March 2021

Questions of restoration of transport communications, in particular highways, after natural disasters - earthquakes, fl oods, landslides - are considered. The classifi cations of various degrees of destruction from earthquakes, fl oods and landslides are viewed. Examples of varying degrees of destruction from natural disasters are presented. Features of restoration of transport communications after destructions as a result of natural disasters are designated. Recommendations for the restoration of transport communications and measures for liquidation of destruction, as well as the sequence of work in the process of elimination of the consequences of destruction are proposed.
IRVING JOHN GILL: THE BIRTH OF AMERICAN MODERNISM
Authors: FILIPPOV Vasily D.
Published: March 2021

The story of the life and the fi rst stages of the work of the American architect Irving John Gill, which led to the emergence of modernist architecture “on the very edge of America,” in Southern California, is presented. The author describes in detail the infl uences that the architect experienced in his work and which, in their totality, led him to the creation of the principles of new architecture and new style. The infl uence on their formation of the Chicago school is emphasized, in particular his work in the workshop with Adler and Sullivan, and the theoretical ideas of Louis Sullivan. The principles of Gill’s architecture are compared with the principles of the architecture of European modernism that appeared ten years later, as set forth by Walter Gropius.
METHODOLOGY OF THE TESTS OF FRAGMENTS OF MULTI-HOLLOW SLABS OF FORMLESS MOLDING WITH PINCHED SUPPORT ZONES
Authors: ZEMLYANSKIKH Semen K. , ALESHIN Andrey N. , ATAMANCHUK Alexey V.
Published: March 2021

The problem of determining the moment of formation of normal cracks in bending reinforced concrete elements with a complex cross-sectional shape, clamped at one end in brickwork and operating under the action of a negative bending moment is considered. A technique for testing prototypes of hollow-core slabs without formwork is presented. The purpose of the experiment is to determine the angles of rotation of the support nodes of hollow-core slabs without formwork, embedded in brickwork. The design of an installation for testing experimental specimens until the moment of cracking is presented. A diagram of the arrangement of measuring instruments is given to determine the deformation of the support unit at the place where the slab is embedded in the masonry, the defl ection of the prototype at the place of load application, the deformation of the brickwork simulating the wall of a multi-storey building.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT FOR STRENGTH OF COMPRESSED REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS
Authors: MORDOVSKIY Sergey S. , SHARAFUTDINOV Kamil B.
Published: March 2021

The infl uence of transverse reinforcement, including indirect reinforcement, on the strength of compressed reinforced concrete elements is analyzed. This question arose in connection with the possibility of increasing the strength of short reinforced concrete elements loaded with a longitudinal force with small eccentricities within the section of the element. For such elements, the cage eff ect may appear, associated with the coeffi cient of transverse deformations, the magnitude of which is a direct factor in the destruction of the concrete sample, and the limitation of these directly aff ects the bearing capacity of the sample in the direction of increase. The infl uence of transverse reinforcement in the form of stirrups located with diff erent spacing, as well as indirect reinforcement in the form of meshes with a classical rectangular cell and meshes of the “zigzag” type is considered.
Developing speaking skills and learning pronunciation with new technologies in the French as a foreign language classroom
Authors: Tomé Díez Mario
Published: March 2021

This study examines the role that new technologies, social media and telecollaborative projects have played in the development of oral production skills, as well as in learning and correction in pronunciation. During the period 2005 to 2015 several experiments were conducted for this purpose as part of a French language course at the University of León, Spain. We sought to examine the characteristics and modalities of different oral productions from students, as well as ICT tools and teaching tasks which led to the creation of audiovisual recordings published in a number of educational web environments (weblogs, podcasts, social networks, education platforms). We looked also at the role which students, tutors and teachers play in the correction of pronunciation, taking into consideration the feedback strategies that have been observed in their interaction, with particular focus on autocorrective feedback such as in collaborative pronunciation tasks corrected by the students. We have also attempted to gauge the reactions of students to the use of these tools, learning environments and pronunciation tasks, by undertaking three surveys which focus on their pronunciation and ICT skills in the context of French as a Foreign Language.
The Role of Mediation Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WoM) in Relationship Quality of Services and Tourism Products Against Visiting Decisions
Authors: Taryadi Asep Rahmat , Miftahuddin Muchammad Agung
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the mediating role of electronic word of mouth in the relationship between tourism products and service quality on the decision to visit tourists to Pangandaran Beach. This research is explanatory research, and the data collection is done by distributing questionnaires. The sample in this study amounted to 95 visitors to Pangandaran beach, who were selected using the purposive sampling method. Based on the analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach, the results indicate that service quality and tourism products have a significant positive effect on visiting decisions. However, electronic word of mouth does not mediate the relationship between service quality and tourism products on tourists visiting decisions.
Inter-American Development Bank Annual Business Review 2020
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: March 2021

The 2020 Annual Business Review (ABR) provides an overview of the IDB's performance on sovereign-guaranteed outputs and lending program priorities. The ABR identifies trend deviations from IDB portfolio targets to support Bank managements efforts to identify and implement corrective measures. This edition compiles data for all quarters in 2020.
MicroRNA-126 (MiR-126): A Crucial Player in the Retina
Authors: Nashine Sonali
Published: March 2021

The MiR-126 is a highly conserved, non-coding RNA that is primarily expressed in human endothelial cells and is a crucial regulator of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis [1]. In human genomes, MiR-126 is found within intron 7 of the Epidermal Growth Factor-Like domain 7 (EGFL7) gene on chromosome 9 [2,3]. Processing of pre-MiR-126 i.e., the precursor miRNA, generates two mature strands: a) MiR-126-3p with the sequence: UCGUACCGUGAGUAAUAAUGCG and b) MiR-126-5p with the sequence: CAUUAUUACUUUUGGUACGCG [4,5].
Transferrin isoform analysis from dried blood spots and serum samples by gel isoelectric focusing for screening congenital disorders of glycosylation
Authors: Bogdańska Anna , Kozłowski Dariusz , Pajdowska Magdalena , Lipiński Patryk , Tylki-Szymańska Anna
Published: March 2021

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a growing, heterogeneous group of genetic disorders caused by a defect in the glycoprotein synthesis. The first and still widely used method for routine CDG screening was isoelectric focusing (IEF) of serum transferrin. Dried blood spot (DBS) testing is commonly used in newborn screening procedures to detect inborn errors of metabolism. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the reliability of the IEF method in DBS testing. Dried blood spot testing can help in the postmortem diagnosis of CDG disorders when other material is unavailable. The patterns and concentrations of transferrin isoforms in serum and DBS are comparable, and slight differences do not affect interpretation of results.
Skuteczność prawna ochrony tzw. „frankowiczów” w kontekście terminów przedawnienia
Authors: Nadolska Aleksandra
Published: March 2021

W Polsce nie wykształciła się jednolita linia orzecznicza, tak co do przesłanek i podstaw unieważnienia umowy kredytu, jak i co do uznania niektórych tylko warunków umownych za nieuczciwe, a w efekcie tego – również co do stosowania terminów przedawnienia wobec żądania zwrotu świadczenia wypłaconego na podstawie uznanej za abuzywną klauzuli bądź nieważnej czynności prawnej. Sytuacji tej nie zmienił wyrok TSUE z 3.10.2019 r. (C-260/18 Dziubak vs. Raiffeisen). Pożądane i konieczne jest tymczasem, aby krajowe sądy zaczęły rozstrzygać sprawy tzw. „frankowe” w duchu regulacji unijnych, bo to w ich ramach przyjęto ideę pełnej ochrony prawnej konsumenta, zasadniczo wedle której realizacja roszczenia restytucyjnego nie może być uzależniona od terminu przedawnienia.Celem artykułu jest udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytanie: czy skutek restytucyjny obejmuje – obok dawnego stanu prawnego – przywrócenie stanu materialnego kontrahentów? Udzielenie odpowiedzi na to pytanie jest niezbędne dla ustalenia, czy sądowe uznanie warunków umowy za nieuczciwe może zostać ograniczone co do rodzaju skutku.Powyższe legło u podstaw sformułowania następującej tezy badawczej: ustalenie w postępowaniu sądowym nieuczciwości warunku umownego zawsze będzie miało charakter i skutek ex tunc wobec uprawnień majątkowych oraz niemajątkowych, i to bez względu na to, czy rozstrzygnięcie w tym przedmiocie jest konstytutywne czy deklaratoryjne.Przedstawiona materia zdeterminowała układ i treść artykułu, w którym wieloaspektowo omówiono problematykę terminów przedawnienia (ujętą w pytaniach prejudycjalnych oraz orzecznictwie TSUE), przedstawiono podział orzeczeń na konstytutywne i deklaratoryjne, a także wyjaśniono istotę i funkcję materialnych terminów przedawnienia.
Milonga w przestrzeni rekreacyjnej Łodzi
Authors: Korczak Marta , Nawrot Aleksandra , Prylińska Agnieszka , Stusio Monika
Published: March 2021

Artykuł opiera się głównie na analizie środowiska związanego z tańczeniem tanga w Łodzi. Celem autorek jest pokazanie milongi jako produktu rekreacyjnego oraz ukazanie wyjątkowości tego wydarzenia tanecznego. Opracowanie powstało na podstawie badań terenowych przeprowadzonych przez autorki podczas milong odbywających się w Łodzi od marca do czerwca 2018 r. Badania pozwoliły ustalić m.in. fakty dotyczące początków tanga argentyńskiego w Łodzi, a także miejsca, w których można nauczyć się kroków i tańczyć tango. Ponadto szczegółowo opisano historię milong, ich specyfikę, zasady uczestnictwa oraz miejsca, w których te wydarzenia się odbywają. Z punktu widzenia artykułu najciekawsze okazały się jednak wywiady z uczestnikami milong, które pozwoliły określić znaczenie tego zjawiska. Wyraźnie widać odejście od klasycznego pojmowania tańca, jako formy aktywnego wypoczynku, na rzecz głębszych doświadczeń, przeżyć, poznania kultury oraz środowisk, z których wywodzą się tango argentyńskie i milongi. W końcowej fazie opracowania autorki zaprezentowały sylwetki uczestników milong.
Budżet obywatelski jako narzędzie kreowania przestrzeni rekreacyjnej Łodzi
Authors: Okręglicka Katarzyna , Rajczak Joanna , Trafalska Monika
Published: March 2021

Artykuł dotyczy budżetu obywatelskiego, który przyczynia się do kreowania przestrzeni rekreacyjnej Łodzi. We wstępie zamieszczono cele pracy, sformułowano trzy hipotezy naukowe oraz przedstawiono wykorzystane metody i narzędzia badawcze. W kolejnych częściach pracy omówiono historię budżetu obywatelskiego oraz wyjaśniono sens jego ustanowienia. Następnie dokonano analizy wykorzystywania budżetu obywatelskiego do realizacji projektów związanych z zagospodarowaniem terenów służących wypoczynkowi mieszkańców Łodzi na podstawie zgromadzonych materiałów oraz przeprowadzonych badań terenowych.
Covid-19, Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary No.29
Authors: Herbert Sian
Published: March 2021

This fortnightly Covid-19, Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary aims to signpost the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and other UK government departments to the latest evidence and opinions on Covid-19 (C19), to inform and support their responses. Based on feedback from the recent survey, and analysis by the Xcept project, this edition, as a trial, focusses less on the challenges that C19 poses, and more on more on the policy responses to these challenges. The below summary features resources on legislative leadership during the C19 crisis; and the heightening of risks emanating from C19’s indirect impacts – including non-C19 healthcare, economy and food security, and women and girls and unrest and instability. Many of the core C19 themes continue to be covered this week, including anti-corruption approaches; and whether and how C19 is shaping conflict dynamics (this time with articles focussing on Northwestern Nigeria, Myanmar’s Rakhine State, and the Middle East). The summary uses two main sections – (1) literature: – this includes policy papers, academic articles, and long-form articles that go deeper than the typical blog; and (2) blogs & news articles. It is the result of one day of work and is thus indicative but not comprehensive of all issues or publications.
EFEITO DO FOGO NA FLORÍSTICA E FITOSSOCIOLOGIA DE UM REMANESCENTE DE CERRADO SENSU STRICTO, TO
Authors: MARTINS SANTOS BÁRBARA MARIA , Campos Aguiar Bruno Aurélio , Bezerra de Souza Priscila
Published: March 2021

Objetivou-se conhecer a tolerância das espécies arbustivo-arbóreas ao fogo de um remanescente de cerrado sensu stricto em Gurupi-TO, após a passagem do fogo entre 2014 e 2018. Desenvolveu-se o estudo em um fragmento de cerrado sensu stricto na Reserva Legal da fazenda experimental da UFT, campus de Gurupi - TO. Foram inventariadas 05 parcelas de 5000 m² (0,5 ha) distribuídas de forma sistemática. No inventário realizado em 2014 encontrou-se 2.128 indivíduos, distribuídos em 110 espécies, 86 gêneros e 46 famílias, além das mortas em pé, já em 2018 foram quantificados 1.956 indivíduos, distribuídos em 107 espécies, 82 gêneros e 39 famílias, além do grupo das árvores mortas. No inventário realizado em 2018 ocorreu o desaparecimento de algumas espécies identificadas em 2014, tais como Kielmeyera speciosa, Connarus suberosus, Bauhinia rufa, Plathymenia reticulata, Swartzia multijuga, Agonandra brasiliensis e Styrax camporum. Em 2018 das 107 espécies amostradas, 53 espécies não houve mortalidade de nenhum indivíduo com a passagem do fogo sendo elas: Annona coriacea, Guatteria villosissima, Hirtella ciliata, Curatella americana, Dimorphandra mollis, Andira vermifuga, Acacia polyphylla, Byrsonima basiloba, Myrcia tomentosa, entre outras. Conclui-se que as espécies que não morreram após a passagem do fogo, podem ser indicadas para a recuperação de áreas.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: LEVANTAMENTO DAS PRÁTICAS SUSTENTÁVEIS APLICADAS AO SETOR PESQUEIRO (PESCA E AQUICULTURA) COMO FERRAMENTA DE REFLEXÃO
Authors: Brito da Silva Medeiros Thatiane , Gabriel da Silva Santana Vinícius , Adlany Dias da Silva Raimunda , Bezerra dos Santos Daniele , Soares Pontes Cibele
Published: March 2021

Diante do agravamento da crise ambiental global é indispensável um esforço para a educação em questões ambientais, na finalidade de fundamentar a conduta dos indivíduos, das empresas e das coletividades inspirada no sentido de sua responsabilização sobre a proteção e conservação do meio ambiente. O estudo teve por intuito realizar um levantamento das práticas sustentáveis aplicadas aos segmentos da atividade pesqueira, bem como analisar alternativas que favoreçam o desenvolvimento sustentável do setor, apresentando sugestões descritas na literatura, para os problemas que afetam a atividade, integrando benefícios ecológicos, econômicos e sociais.  Para a realização deste estudo foi realizada a seguinte pergunta investigativa “Quais estudos da literatura apresentam práticas sustentáveis na área de recursos pesqueiros (pesca e aquicultura)?”. Assim, a escolha pelo levantamento bibliográfico ocorreu pela adequação da metodologia de estudo ao objetivo da pesquisa. Para este levantamento identificou-se que a maioria das práticas ambientais implementadas ou ações sugeridas se relacionou com pesquisas científicas ligadas à indústria, instituições, ou aspectos etnológicos e poucos estudos estiveram relacionadas à área educacional disciplinar. Considerou-se que os estudos acerca das práticas de sustentabilidade direcionadas ao setor pesqueiro são incipientes, com produção muito exígua quando comparados com a mesma temática para outras áreas.
ANÁLISE DOS MECANISMOS DE DEFESA DO EGO UTILIZADOS PELOS ETILISTAS E O IMPACTO DO VÍCIO NO MEIO SOCIAL
Authors: Rodrigues Muniz Patrícia , Francisca Carlos de Almeida Joyce , Maria dos Santos Teixeira Kelly , Augusto Rosas de Vasconcelos Érico
Published: March 2021

Desde a antiguidade as bebidas alcoólicas estiveram presentes no cotidiano de diversas culturas, já nos tempos modernos, seu uso nocivo tornou-se um grave problema de saúde pública, gerando prejuízos físicos, psíquicos e sociais. O alcoolismo, classificado como síndrome de dependência, possui forte estigma social, onde geralmente o usuário tende a agir em defesa do seu consumo e nega a doença. O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar os principais mecanismos de defesa do Ego utilizados pelos dependentes para alegar seu vício e os principais agravos sociais que afetaram sua vida devido à dependência. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de formulário semiestruturado, realizado no Instituto Crescer Comunidade Terapêutica Nova Vida - DF, com indivíduos de idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. O estudo possibilitou identificar que dentre os problemas sociais decorridos do abuso do álcool, a família foi a mais prejudicada. Em relação aos mecanismos de defesa do ego, foram identificados o uso dos mecanismos de negação, projeção e racionalização. Diante da proximidade com o problema apresentado, foi possível reconhecer a necessidade do aprimoramento de estratégias já existentes voltadas ao uso abusivo do álcool, visto que há uma ascendência de dependência junto à população mundial.
Into Thinner Air: The Pliocene Demise of the Giant Volant Birds
Authors: Cannell Alan
Published: March 2021

Three genera of very large volant birds existed for most of the Pliocene: the Pelagornithidae seabirds; the large North American Teratornithidae and the stork Leptoptilos falconeri in Africa and Asia. All became extinct around 3 Ma. The reasons for their demise are puzzling, as the Pelagornithidae had a world-wide evolutionary history of more than 50 Ma, smaller teratorns were still extant in the Holocene and smaller stork species are still globally extant. Extant large birds have a common critical takeoff airspeed suggesting a biomechanical limit in terms of power, risk and launch speed, and simulations of the flight of these extinct species suggest that at 1 bar they would have exceeded this value. Estimates for the Late Pliocene atmospheric density are derived from marine and terrestrial isotopes as well as resin chemistry, both approaches suggesting a value of about 1.2 bar, which drops to present levels during the period 3.3 to 2.6 Ma, thus a loss in atmospheric density may have caused biomechanical and ecological stress contributing to their extinction and/or development of smaller forms. This hypothesis is examined in terms of a possible mechanism of atmospheric mass loss and how this would be seen in the geological record. At 1.2 bar all the extinct species present takeoff airspeeds similar to large extant volant birds and which match the expected power and kinetic energy levels.
The Concept Of Nurayn in Learning: A Theological Basis Of Teacher–Student Relationship In Education
Authors: Atmaja Dwi Surya , Prasojo Zaenuddin Hudi , Towpek Hadenan
Published: March 2021

Abstrak: Terdapat dua isu yang saling berlawanan pada dominasi domain kognitif, yaitu pertama, lebih diutamakan untuk mendahulukan nilai-nilai afektif sebelum kognitif, dan kedua, narasi-narasi Emotional  Quotient (EQ) dan  Spiritual Quotient (SQ) dipromosikan untuk mendorong pentingnya Intelectual Quotient (IQ) dalam sistem pendidikan. Setelah melalui proses yang dinamis, usulan muncul untuk meningkatkan Kurikulum Berbasis Sekolah (KBS) menjadi Kurikulum2013 (K13). Dalam K13, domain afektif dimunculan dalam bentuk Kompentensi Spiritual dan Kompetensi Sosial sementara domain kognitif dan psikomotorik dipertahankan. Secara teologis konsep yang ditawarkan ini sesuai dengan apa yang disebut Insan Kamil dan usaha untuk membangun tujuan-tujuan yang diharapkan tersebut terletak pada transformasi dari pengetahuan yang profan menuju perspektif teologi Islam yang dianggap suci. Ilmu pengetahun sebagai Cahaya Ilahi hanya dapat ditransformasikan oleh orang yang berhati suci (guru).  ملخص: هناك مسألتان متعارضتان في هيمنة المجال المعرفي. أولا ، تقديم القيم العاطفية قبل الإدراك. ثانياً ، ترقية السرد العاطفي(EQ)والسرد الروحي(SQ)لتشجيع أهمية "الحكمة الفكرية" (IQ)في نظام التعليم. بعد اجتياز العملية الديناميكية ، ظهرت اقتراحات لتحسين المنهج الدراسي المدرسي(KBS)إلى المنهج الدراسي 2013.(K13)في المنهج الدراسي 13(K13)، يظهر المجال العاطفي في صورة الكفاءة الروحية والكفاءة الاجتماعية بينما بقاء الحفاظ على المجالات المعرفية والحركية. إن المفهوم المقدم من الناحية اللاهوتية يتماشى مع ما يطلق عليه إنسان كامل، والجهد الرامي إلى بناء الأهداف المرجوة يكمن في تحويل المعرفة المهينة إلى منظور اللاهوت الإسلامي الذي يعتبر مقدسًا. العلم كالنورالإلهي ولا يمكن توصيله إلا من قبلالمعلم الطاهر القلب.