bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing ecological effects of storm surges on Arctic bird populations in the outer Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories
Authors: Shipman F. Nicola A. , Lantz Trevor C. , Blight Louise K.
Published: June 2024

Coastal areas in the Western Canadian Arctic are predicted to experience increases in the frequency and intensity of storm surges as rapid climate change continues. Although storm surges have the potential to cause widespread and persistent vegetation loss, little information is available about the influence of decreasing disturbance intervals (between storms), expected timelines of recovery for vegetation, and how vegetation change alters habitat availability and (or) quality for local wildlife populations. We investigated how Arctic bird diversity is affected by heterogeneous vegetation recovery post-storm. Specifically, we employed field survey protocols from the Program for Regional and International Shorebird Monitoring to investigate how avian community assemblages were affected by heterogeneous re-vegetation 20 years following a record 1999 storm surge. Comparisons of these bird survey data with vegetation and habitat factors showed that the drier, post-storm vegetation barrens were preferred by ground-nesters and species that use open habitats such as Lapland longspur ( Calcarius lapponicus) and semipalmated plover ( Charadrius semipalmatus), whereas the wetter (usually with surface water) revegetated habitats were frequented by species of ducks ( Anas spp.), red-necked phalarope ( Phalaropus lobatus), and savannah sparrow ( Passerculus sandwichensis). Overall, this research shows that areas that have revegetated after the 1999 storm can be considered as functionally recovered in comparison to our Reference (i.e., unaffected) sites in terms of vegetation and bird communities, but that areas still exist ∼20 years post-storm that do not show evidence of recovery.
On-site calibration of instruments in the Arctic: assessment of temperature records at Climate Change Tower in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard
Authors: Coppa Graziano , Musacchio Chiara , Becherini Francesca , Mazzola Mauro , Viola Angelo , Merlone Andrea
Published: June 2024

The Arctic is as a key place to perform environmental measurements given its combination of reduced human activity and increased sensitivity to climate change. The Svalbard archipelago constitutes an invaluable measurement location, due to its ease of access and the presence of the Ny-Ålesund research center. Sensors are usually not designed to sustain prolonged periods of time in demanding environments like the Arctic; therefore, chances of failures, drift, and errors are higher than elsewhere. Maintenance and calibration of these sensors must be rigorous and frequent, to avoid poor-quality data, or even their loss. Within the frame of EURAMET EMRP project “MeteoMet 2”, calibration of the temperature sensors hosted by the Climate Change Tower (CCT), a unique research facility designed to monitor lower-atmosphere profiles of several meteorological quantities, has been performed. The calibration campaign pointed out sensor errors up to 1 °C and corrected the measurements, straightening the skewed temperature profiles. Absolute calibration uncertainties have been evaluated at ∼0.2 °C, less than half of those stated by the manufacturer, while an evaluation of relative uncertainties yielded values of just few 0.01 °C. This experience stimulated the creation of an in-situ calibration facility, to the benefit of the whole scientific community based in Ny-Ålesund.
Brain-inspired computing systems: a systematic literature review
Authors: Zolfagharinejad Mohamadreza , Alegre-Ibarra Unai , Chen Tao , Kinge Sachin , van der Wiel Wilfred G.
Published: June 2024

Brain-inspired computing is a growing and interdisciplinary area of research that investigates how the computational principles of the biological brain can be translated into hardware design to achieve improved energy efficiency. Brain-inspired computing encompasses various subfields, including neuromorphic and in-memory computing, that have been shown to outperform traditional digital hardware in executing specific tasks. With the rising demand for more powerful yet energy-efficient hardware for large-scale artificial neural networks, brain-inspired computing is emerging as a promising solution for enabling energy-efficient computing and expanding AI to the edge. However, the vast scope of the field has made it challenging to compare and assess the effectiveness of the solutions compared to state-of-the-art digital counterparts. This systematic literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in brain-inspired computing hardware. To ensure accessibility for researchers from diverse backgrounds, we begin by introducing key concepts and pointing out respective in-depth topical reviews. We continue with categorizing the dominant hardware platforms. We highlight various studies and potential applications that could greatly benefit from brain-inspired computing systems and compare their reported computational accuracy. Finally, to have a fair comparison of the performance of different approaches, we employ a standardized normalization approach for energy efficiency reports in the literature.

Graphical abstract
Methods to Enable Evolvable Digital Twins for Flexible Automated Production Systems
Authors: Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Lahrsen Bjarne , Wilch Jan , Ji Fan , Zhang Mingxi , Neumann Eva-Maria
Published: June 2024

Changing requirements cause flexible automated Production Systems (aPS) to evolve over decades. Digital Twins (DT) of the different hierarchy levels and design steps ease this evolution, e.g., by enabling requirement analysis and compatibility checks ahead of any physical changes. To ensure up-to-date models and integrate additional knowledge, information gained during operation is included in DTs. Consequently, evolvability, decomposability, control software modularity, and learning during operation are identified as four requirements to achieve such evolvable DTs. Concepts to realize every requirement are introduced and exemplarily validated using a demonstrator machine. AutomationML (AML), the XML-based vendor neutral language for information modeling and exchange in between different disciplines and their tools and product classification systems like ECLASS that specify components attributes vendor neutral enable evolvability during the design phase. Decomposability is achieved by assembling DTs of components according to ISA 88 levels from control unit to facility. A control primitive concept that realizes control software modularity is introduced and validated. Based on data analytics and operation data the DT can be updated by using the versioning mechanism of AML. Thereby, the DT for the next machine generation is improved with knowledge from operation and represents the already existing machine more precisely.
Bioconvection in Williamson hybrid nanofluid with thermal radiation, chemical reactions, and motile microorganisms on stretched surface
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad Safdar , Riaz Samia , Abid H. Sameera , Ali Qasim , Younas Usman
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we investigate the heat transfer characteristics of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) with Williamson hybrid nanofluid (HNF), considering the influence of bioconvection as well as a chemical reaction on a stretched surface. We observe no investigation on bioconvection Williamson HNFs flow in the literature, which is a novel contribution to the literature. The recent study seeks to enhance the heat transfer rate by investigating inclined magnetic field, along with the interplay of bioconvection and chemical reactions. The employed hybrid nanoparticles consist of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and copper (Cu) suspended in base fluid (water). The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are changed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through an appropriate similarity transformation. These ODEs are subsequently analyzed employing the MATLAB bvp4c approach numerically. This study presents comprehensive insights into the behavior of distinct parameters, conveyed through phase portraits of temperature, velocity, nanoparticle concentration, as well as microorganism density profiles. The results showed that the momentum profile was inversely affected by increasing Williamson parameter, magnetic force, and inclination angle, while the temperature was boosted with advanced magnetic field, radiation parameter as well as Brownian motion parameter values.
Chaos prediction of motor based on the integrated method of convolutional neural network and multi-reservoir echo state network
Authors: Guo Jiakun , Wei Duqu
Published: June 2024

Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) can exhibit chaotic behaviors detrimental to their regular operation in practical applications. To accurately predict the chaotic state of PMSM, this paper proposes a C-MRESN method based on the combination of convolutional neural network (CNN) and multi-reservoir echo state network (MRESN). The significant advantage of C-MRESN is that it combines the advantages of the two models, which can capture the complex temporal and spatial information from nonlinear time series and retain these features for prediction. In addition, this work uses the L-BFGS-B optimization algorithm to optimize the training process of C-MRESN and significantly improve the prediction accuracy of C-MRESN. By comparing the prediction experimental results with six other machine learning models, C-MRESN shows the minor prediction error and the most extended accurate prediction range. The root mean square error (MSE) of the 2000-step prediction results of C-MRESN for the three PMSM variables, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] can reach [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The experimental results substantiate that the C-MRESN is an effective and advanced method for the chaos prediction of PMSM.
Efficient Multi-Object Tracking Using RNN and Siamese Re-Identification
Authors: Moudgollya Rhittwikraj , Sunaniya Arun Kumar , Bhattacharjee Rajat Kanti
Published: June 2024

This work presents a comprehensive study and methodology to cope the problem of multi-object tracking. The methodology proposed here aims to simplify the problem space by using RNN as a regression network for predicting current object tracker information from past data and using Siamese network for re-identification. The number of re-identification is reduced by doing suboptimal perfect matching using a tree data structure for geometric location data of objects in view port.
Shape Optimization of a Dumbbell Unimorph Piezoelectric Energy Harvester
Authors: Khatun Hiramoni , Sarma Utpal
Published: June 2024

Recently, IoT-based sensor networks for monitoring environmental parameters have attracted research and development groups due to their numerous advantages. However, these battery-powered devices experience the difficulties of periodic recharge or replacement. Therefore, to provide a sustainable and continuous power supply, piezoelectric energy harvesters can be used where the wired power connection is not feasible due to inaccessible setup or hazardous environment. The efficiency of piezoelectric converters is determined by their geometrical configuration and the materials used. This paper addresses the analytical modeling of a unimorph piezoelectric harvester and the optimization of harvester geometry to improve the output power and resonance frequency. The harvester geometry is modeled using Finite Element Method (FEM), and the RADAR plot is used to optimize the harvester width for maximum output. The FEM-optimized model is experimentally tested with the help of a controlled vibratory system designed and developed for this purpose. The optimized model is a dumbbell-shaped harvester with 390[Formula: see text] more open circuit output voltage and 9.6[Formula: see text] reduced resonant frequency compared to a rectangular harvester. The maximum power of 59.9 [Formula: see text] is harvested across 1 M[Formula: see text] load with a power density of 1 mW cm[Formula: see text] at 141 Hz resonant frequency.
INVESTIGATING VIRUS SPREAD ANALYSIS IN COMPUTER NETWORKS WITH ATANGANA–BALEANU FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVE MODELS
Authors: AHMAD IMTIAZ , BAKAR ASMIDAR ABU , AHMAD HIJAZ , KHAN AZIZ , ABDELJAWAD THABET
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a mathematical model to investigate the dynamic behaviors of a modified computer virus model using the Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivative in the Caputo sense, aiming to elucidate the connection between its parameters and network attributes. By introducing a relatively new numerical method, we address the memory-dependent and nonlocal features of the system. The existence and uniqueness of the model’s solution are confirmed. To explore solution trajectories and assess the impact of various input factors on computer virus dynamics, we employ an efficient numerical technique. Our simulations provide insights into the consequences of fractional order, anti-virus measures, asymptotic fraction, damage rate, and removal rate in the system. These findings illuminate the relationships between model parameters, facilitating the design of networks that minimize the risk of virus outbreaks and prevent future cyber threats. By identifying critical factors involved in the progression of viruses, these results enable the development of more effective defense mechanisms.
A Rail-Mounted Pumping System Developed for Suborbital Rockets
Authors: Tutt James H. , Hunter Keir , Smedile Vincent A. , Mondoskin Jessica , Brady Garrett , Brooks Katherine , McCurdy Ross , McEntaffer Randall L. , Miles Drew M.
Published: June 2024

Suborbital rockets that fly focal-plane cameras that need to be cooled to optimize their operation face a series of challenges around their operation. These include maintaining a high-quality vacuum and the cooling of the detectors in a controlled way. These challenges are further heightened by the requirement that no current flows through the payload systems while the rocket motors are being armed. This paper discusses the novel pumping and cooling system implemented for the 2022 launch of the Rockets for Extended-source X-ray Spectroscopy (tREXS), including the use of a magnetic umbilical to connect the vacuum foreline to the rocket skin.
The Impact of Air Pollution on Labor Participation of the Elderly: Evidence from China
Authors: LIU Huan , HU Tiantian , WANG Meng
Published: June 2024

Based on the three-year survey data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database, in combination with the environmental statistical data of 122 cities, this study empirically tests the effect of air pollution on the labor participation of the elderly and the mechanism. Using the panel data model, two-way fixed effect method, and instrumental variable method, the results show that air pollution significantly reduces the labor participation of the elderly, with a decrement of 0.43%. With the respect of transmission mechanisms, air pollution affects the overall labor participation behavior of the elderly mainly through the number of working days per week and working hours per day. At the same time, along with the cumulating of the days of Air Quality Index (AQI) [Formula: see text], the labor participation of the elderly is significantly reduced. In addition, the impact of air pollution on the labor participation of the elderly shows apparent heterogeneity divided by the gender, education level, urban-rural, and regional economic-level, and there are obvious substitution effects and income effects. This study confirms that air pollution affects the total labor participation of the elderly through the number of working days per week and working hours per day, and this impact reaches a peak when AQI is in the range from 100 to 150.
OpenVPN is Open to VPN Fingerprinting
Authors: Xue Diwen , Ramesh Reethika , Jain Arham , Kallitsis Michaelis , Halderman J. Alex , Crandall Jedidiah R. , Ensafi Roya
Published: June 2024

VPN adoption has seen steady growth over the past decade due to increased public awareness of privacy and surveillance threats. In response, certain governments are attempting to restrict VPN access by identifying connections using “dual use” DPI technology. To investigate the potential for VPN blocking, we develop mechanisms for accurately fingerprinting connections using OpenVPN, the most popular protocol for commercial VPN services. We identify three fingerprints based on protocol features such as byte pattern, packet size, and server response. Playing the role of an attacker who controls the network, we design a two-phase framework that performs passive fingerprinting and active probing in sequence. We evaluate our framework in partnership with a million-user ISP and find that we identify over 85% of OpenVPN flows with only negligible false positives, suggesting that OpenVPN-based services can be effectively blocked with little collateral damage. Although some commercial VPNs implement countermeasures to avoid detection, our framework successfully identified connections to 34 out of 41 “obfuscated” VPN configurations. We discuss the implications of the VPN fingerprintability for different threat models and propose short-term defenses. In the longer term, we urge commercial VPN providers to be more transparent about their obfuscation approaches and to adopt more principled detection countermeasures, such as those developed in censorship circumvention research.
Member Spotlight: Heidi J.C. Ellis
Authors: Smith Julie M. , Wallace Charles , Ellis Heidi J. C.
Published: June 2024

Dr. Ellis is a Professor of Computer Science and Information Technology at Western New England University.
In search of the locus coeruleus: guidelines to identify anatomical boundaries and physiological properties of the blue spot in mice, fish, finches and beyond
Authors: Vreven Amelien , Aston-Jones Gary , Pickering Anthony E. , Poe Gina R. , Waterhouse Barry , Totah Nelson K.
Published: June 2024

Our understanding of human brain function can be greatly aided by studying analogous brain structures in other organisms. One brain structure with neurochemical and anatomical homology throughout vertebrate species is the locus coeruleus (LC), a small collection of norepinephrine (NE) containing neurons in the brainstem that project throughout the central nervous system. The LC is involved in nearly every aspect of brain function, including arousal and learning, which has been extensively examined in rats and non-human primates using single unit recordings. Recent work has expanded into putative LC single unit electrophysiological recordings in a non-model species, the zebra finch. Given the importance of correctly identifying analogous structures as research efforts expand to other vertebrates, we suggest adoption of consensus anatomical and electrophysiological guidelines for identifying LC neurons across species when evaluating brainstem single unit spiking or calcium imaging. Such consensus criteria will allow for confident cross-species understanding of the roles of the LC in brain function and behavior.
Effects of the Surgical Ligation of the Ureter in Different Locations on the Kidney over Time in the Rat Model
Authors: Mohammadi Abdolreza , Zareian Baghdadabad Leila , Zahmatkesh Parisa , Moradi Tabriz Hedieh , Khajavi Alireza , Mesbah Gholamreza , Nikoofar Parsa , Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem
Published: June 2024

Purpose. To evaluate the effects of the surgical ligation of the ureter in different locations on the kidney over time in the rat model. Methods. A total of 155 rats were enrolled and randomly divided into the case (n = 150) and control (n = 5) groups. The case group included three separate groups (fifty rats in each group) that underwent surgical ureteral ligation at the proximal, middle, and distal ureter. The laboratory tests, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), were measured in groups. The pathological evaluation for glomerular changes, tubular dilation, interstitial fibrosis, and interstitial infiltration of the inflammatory cells following the obstruction was performed (severity of tubular atrophy categorized too mild (+), moderate (++), and severe (+++)). To compare the continuous variables between the groups and between the measurement times, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. Results. Our results revealed that the creatinine four weeks after the obstruction was significantly higher in the proximal group obstruction (p value: 0.046). The three groups had no significant differences regarding urine creatinine, serum sodium, and serum TNF (p value: 0.261). Obstruction did not change the glomerular morphology in three intervention groups after six weeks. The commencing of severe tubular atrophy in proximal, middle, and distal ureteral obstruction was at weeks three, four, and six, respectively. Conclusion. The location of ureteral obstruction is also crucial in deciding to intervene to relieve the complete ureteral obstruction. Severe tubular damage occurs in weeks three, four, and six in proximal, middle, and distal ureteral obstruction, respectively.
Microwave Pretreatment of Presoaked Bambara Groundnut Seeds Enhances the Functionality and Phenolics‐Related Antioxidant Properties of the Resultant Flour
Authors: Venter Anton , Emmambux Mohammad Naushad , Duodu Kwaku Gyebi
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the effect of microwave pretreatment on cooking time of presoaked Bambara groundnut seeds, functional properties of resultant flours, and their phenolic composition and antioxidant properties. Microwave treatment significantly decreased cooking time and resulted in decreased water solubility index (WSI) (by up to 66%) and nitrogen solubility index (NSI) (up to 81%) of the resultant flours, as well as a decrease in pasting viscosity and enthalpy compared to raw flour. However, the 1200 W treatment resulted in higher pasting viscosity, WSI, and NSI than the 900 W treatment. There were differences in type of flavonoids and phenolic acids between the two types of Bambara groundnut seeds, while microwave treatment caused certain increase and decrease in individual flavonoids, such as catechin, quercetin‐3‐O‐glucoside, and hesperidin. The flours maintained good radical scavenging antioxidant activity and protected plasmid DNA from oxidative damage. Overall, the study suggests that microwave pretreatment shows potential in alleviating the hard‐to‐cook Bambara groundnut seeds in producing flour with functional and antioxidant properties.
Compact Slot Microstrip Patch Antenna Loaded with Open Metal Cavity for Microwave Hyperthermia
Authors: Hu Kun , Xiao Qi , Huang Kama
Published: June 2024

Cancer is a significant disease that often results in severe side effects from traditional treatments. Microwave hyperthermia has emerged as a minimally invasive, highly effective, and low‐toxicity treatment option that has gained widespread use in recent years. The primary objective of this study is to develop and assess a miniaturized slit patch antenna designed to operate at 2450 MHz for hyperthermia therapy. The octagonal antenna patch features four symmetrical slots to reduce its size, enhance directional radiation, and improve focusing and penetration depth. Additionally, a metal cavity is incorporated at the top of the antenna to create a gap between the antenna and the skin, allowing for skin heat dissipation, improved impedance matching, reduced outgoing radiation, and enhanced directional radiation. The performance of the antenna is assessed based on specific absorption rate (SAR), penetration depth (PD), and effective field size (EFS). Subsequently, the antenna is fabricated and tested in pork tissue, with the measured results demonstrating good agreement with the simulated outcomes.
Association between Cardiometabolic Index and Cognitive Function: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Diabetic-Based Population
Authors: Liu Changxing , Guo Xinyi , Wang Boyu , Meng Tianwei , Li Chengjia , Zhou Yabin , Fu Jiamei
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Diabetes is a significant risk factor for cognitive impairment. Therefore, early identification of cognitive impairment in diabetic patients is particularly important. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between Cardiometabolic index (CMI) and cognitive function in a diabetic population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting information from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014. Multiple linear regression models were used to investigate the correlation between CMI and low cognitive function in a diabetic population. Threshold effects analysis and fitted smoothing curves were used to describe the nonlinear links. Interaction tests and subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: A total of 1,050 people participated in this study, including 561 men and 489 women. In the fully corrected model, CMI was positively associated with low cognitive performance as assessed by CERAD Word List Learning Test (CERAD W-L), Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) (OR = 1.37 [1.14, 1.72], p = 7.4 × 10−3), (OR = 1.21 [1.04, 1.51], p = 1.26 × 10−2), and (OR = 1.27 [1.08, 1.63], p = 2.53 × 10−2). Our study found that diabetic patients with higher CMI were at greater risk of developing low cognitive function. The effect of the subgroups on the positive association of CMI with cognitive impairment was not significant. A non-linear association between low cognitive performance and CMI was determined by CERAD W-L, AFT, and DSST (log-likelihood ratio <5 × 10−2). In addition, our also study found that CMI was a better predictor of cognitive impairment in diabetes than weight-adjusted waist index (WWI). Conclusion: Increased CMI is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment in people with diabetes. CMI can be used as a new anthropometric measure for predicting cognitive impairment in diabetes, with stronger predictive power than WWI.
Digital Image Comparison of Cellular Yield in Bronchial Brushing: Pre- and Post-Biopsy Lavage Cytology
Authors: Li Joshua Jing Xi , Ng Joanna Ka Man , Chan Christopher , Lau Charlotte Ho Ying , Ng Joyce Ka Ching , Lo Rachel Lai Ping , Yip Wing Ho , Ngai Jenny Chun Li , Chan Ka Pang
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Bronchoscopy is a useful diagnostic tool capable of performing core biopsy, forceps biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage, and bronchial brushing. This study compares the cellularity of bronchial cytology including pre- and post-biopsy lavage by digital image analysis, aiming to increase diagnostic and tumor yield by optimizing the sequence and combination of bronchial biopsy and cytology. Methods: Alveolar macrophage, bronchial epithelium, and tumor cell cellularity from liquid-based cytology preparations of bronchial brushing and pre-biopsy and post-biopsy bronchoalveolar lavage were annotated on digitized whole-slide images and compared. Secondary analysis on the relationship of tumor cell and non-lesional cell yield was performed. Results: Overall, 118 cytology specimens from 43 patients were retrieved in total. Bronchial epithelium count was higher in pre-biopsy than post-biopsy lavage (p < 0.01) but not for alveolar macrophages nor tumor cell (p > 0.05). Tumor cell count was higher for bronchial brushing cytology samples than lavage (p = 0.018). The alveolar macrophage count was higher in post-biopsy lavage than bronchial brushing (p = 0.033); otherwise, brushing showed consistently higher bronchial epithelium and tumor cell counts. There were 33 false negative (tumor cell absent) specimens, and the combination of bronchial brushing and pre-biopsy lavage yielded the lowest false negative cases. Correlation between bronchial epithelium and alveolar macrophage counts with tumor cell count was weak (correlation coefficient = −0.168–0.203) except for post-biopsy lavage (correlation coefficient = 0.412–0.479, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Bronchial brushing yields a greater amount of tumor cell than lavage, and timing lavage before or after core biopsy does not affect tumor cell yield. Combining bronchial brushing and pre-biopsy lavage results in the lowest false negative rate.
Footwear, Orthoses, and Insoles and Their Effects on Balance in Older Adults: A Scoping Review
Authors: Nor Azhar Ameer , Bergin Shan M. , Munteanu Shannon E. , Menz Hylton B.
Published: June 2024

Background: Footwear, orthoses, and insoles have been shown to influence balance in older adults; however, it remains unclear which features, singular or in combination, are considered optimal. The aim of this scoping review was to identify and synthesise the current evidence regarding how footwear, orthoses, and insoles influence balance in older adults. Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and AMED) were searched from inception to October 2023. Key terms such as “shoe*,” “orthoses,” “postural balance” and “older people” were employed in the search strategy. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: (i) participants had a minimum age ≥60 years, and were free of any neurological, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular diseases; (ii) an active intervention consisting of footwear, foot orthoses, or insoles was evaluated; and (iii) at least one objective outcome measure of balance was reported. Summary: A total of 56 studies from 17 different countries were included. Three study designs were utilised (cross-sectional study, n = 44; randomised parallel group, n = 6; cohort study n = 6). The duration of studies varied considerably, with 41 studies evaluating immediate effects, 14 evaluating effects from 3 days to 12 weeks, and 1 study having a duration of 6 months. Seventeen different interventions were evaluated, including/consisting of textured insoles (n = 12), heel elevation (n = 8), non-specific standardised footwear and changes in sole thickness or hardness (n = 7 each), sole geometry or rocker soles, contoured or custom insoles and high collar height (n = 6 each), insole thickness or hardness and vibrating insoles (n = 5 each), outsole tread (n = 4), minimalist footwear and slippers (n = 3 each), balance-enhancing shoes, footwear fit, socks, and ankle-foot orthoses (n = 2 each), and eversion insoles, heel cups, and unstable footwear (n = 1 each). Twenty-three different outcomes were assessed, and postural sway was the most common (n = 20), followed by temporo-spatial gait parameters (n = 17). There was uncertainty regarding intervention effectiveness. Overall, features such as secure fixation, a textured insole, a medium-to-hard density midsole and a higher ankle collar, in isolation, were able to positively impact balance. Conversely, footwear with an elevated heel height and the use of socks and slippers impaired balance. Key Messages: There is a substantial body of literature exploring the effects of footwear, orthoses, and insoles on balance in older adults. However, considerable uncertainty exists regarding the efficacy of these interventions due to variability in methodological approaches. Further high-quality research is necessary to determine whether a singular intervention or a combination of interventions is most effective for enhancing balance in older adults.
Perempuan & Kebijakan Publik
Authors: Khurun'in Irza , Damayanti Ratnaningsih
Published: June 2024

Buku “Perempuan & Kebijakan Publik” membahas kompleksitas isu kesetaraan gender di Indonesia. Angka diskriminasi terhadap perempuan di Indonesia masih tinggi, World Economic Forum juga mencatat penurunan peringkat kesenjangan gender di Indonesia, yang menunjukkan perlunya kebijakan publik yang komprehensif dengan segera. Buku ini merupakan hasil penelitian lapangan dari akademisi di Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Brawijaya, membahas perempuan dalam pembangunan Indonesia. Dengan metode penelitian kualitatif, buku ini menjadi referensi bagi akademisi, pengambil kebijakan, dan masyarakat yang peduli pada kesetaraan gender. Penulis membagi kajian menjadi tiga bagian utama, mengeksplorasi resonansi perempuan di dunia kerja, peran mereka dalam kebijakan publik di pemerintah daerah, dan kebijakan perlindungan perempuan dan anak. Buku ini membentuk suara kolektif yang memanggil pemahaman yang lebih dalam, kebijakan yang lebih adil, dan masa depan dimana narasi perempuan Indonesia dirayakan dan diberdayakan. Buku ini tidak hanya menciptakan mosaik komprehensif tentang kehidupan perempuan di Indonesia, tetapi juga merupakan penghargaan atas ketahanan, kekuatan, dan kontribusi mereka. Sebagai pembaca, Anda diundang untuk terlibat dengan kisah-kisah ini, merenung, dan mempertimbangkan peran kritis kebijakan publik dalam membentuk pengalaman perempuan Indonesia, dengan harapan menginspirasi diskusi, tindakan, dan perubahan positif menuju kesetaraan gender.
Uma nova abordagem no mapeamento de dados de áreas contaminadas como contribuição ao processo de avaliação da qualidade ambiental urbana
Authors: Lino Juliana dos Santos , Otero André Gomes Lamas , Andrade Delvonei Alves de
Published: June 2024

A poluição ambiental é um desafio enfrentado pelos centros urbanos, globalmente. Dentro dessa temática, estão as áreas contaminadas, locais que em decorrência do uso e ocupação anterior, apresentam substâncias poluentes no solo, subsolo e em águas subterrâneas. A gestão e a compreensão dos dados das áreas contaminadas são fundamentais para alcançar um planejamento urbano sustentável, que promova cidades e comunidades ambientalmente saudáveis. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvida uma nova abordagem no mapeamento das áreas contaminadas, a fim de aprimorar a visualização da informação e a proposição de um indicador de qualidade ambiental. Por meio de pesquisas documentais, foram obtidos dados secundários quantitativos, que permitiram a construção de duas bases de dados. Estas, foram armazenadas e tratadas, adicionando-se informações geoespaciais, permitindo assim a elaboração de mapas, com o uso do software ArcGIS 10.8.1. A nova abordagem de mapeamento permitiu identificar os distritos que abrigam a maior ocorrência de áreas contaminadas na cidade de São Paulo, Santo Amaro, Ipiranga e Lapa. Adicionalmente, indicou os distritos com maior número de áreas contaminadas com risco confirmado. Já o indicador desenvolvido foi aplicado em duas escalas: ao estado de São Paulo, identificando a cidade de São Caetano do Sul com a maior taxa de áreas contaminadas; e à cidade de São Paulo, cujo distrito que apresenta o maior resultado é o da Santa Cecília. Os resultados oferecem também as cidades do estado paulista e os distritos da cidade de São Paulo onde há ausência de áreas contaminadas. Com as análises desenvolvidas, observa-se que as áreas contaminadas são difusas na cidade de São Paulo. Todavia, áreas remediadas podem ser observadas com maior frequência em distritos mais próximos a região central. O indicador desenvolvido neste estudo é passível de adoção em qualquer estado ou cidade brasileira e, tal aplicação, poderá contribuir para melhor compreensão das diferentes realidades regionais, oferecendo dados para apoiar o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de planejamento urbano.
Os jovens e seus impasses no laço com a universidade: intervenção clinicopolítica em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Coutinho Luciana Gageiro , Pisetta Maria Angélica Augusto de Mello
Published: June 2024

L’article présente une expérience dans des spaces de parole/d’écoute en ligne avec des étudiants universitaires pendant la suspension des cours à cause de la pandémie du nouveau coronavirus. Il part de l’impuissance qui caractérise la condition de la jeunesse quand elle ne peut pas obtenir, à travers des liens sociaux, la reconnaissance symbolique de son lieu de sujet comme producteur de son propre discours. Il discute les impasses auxquelles les jeunes font face par rapport à leur lien avec l’université, qui a généré plusieurs demandes de soins dues aux hauts indices de souffrance psychiques par les étudiants. Il met en relief la dimension sociopolitique de la souffrance psychique comme un effet du statut du lien social dans le contexte du Brésil contemporain, aggravé par la pandémie, et propose des interventions clinico politiques au niveau du collectif comme une façon de le soigner.
Experiências de atendimento online a crianças e adolescentes em tempos de COVID-19
Authors: Aires Suely , Moscon Beatriz , Chamusca Clara Magalhães , Mignac Leila , Guerra Luisa Correia
Published: June 2024

Este artigo propõe a discussão em torno dos atendimentos online realizados por estudantes de Psicologia de uma universidade pública, orientadas pela Psicanálise, tendo em vista a pandemia COVID-19. Com o distanciamento físico imposto como medida sanitária para controle do coronavírus, foi necessário reinventar a prática com crianças e adolescentes desenvolvida em três contextos diferentes, a saber: estágio em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil (CAPSi); extensão no projeto Atendimento Psicanalítico em Clínica Escola; e extensão no projeto Adolescência, Acolhimento Institucional e Clínica do Desamparo. Buscou-se abordar aspectos que sustentam o dispositivo analítico frente à mudança na modalidade dos atendimentos, visando sustentar uma reflexão teórica, ética e política.
Pela inclusão do vídeo na psicanálise: espelho, espelho meu, que olhos grandes você tem!
Authors: Ide Danilo Sergio
Published: June 2024

Nous basons la fonction spéculaire de la vidéo dans la clinique psychanalytique infantile, en particulier chez l'autisme, en revenant aux concepts d'aliénation et d'illusion. Chez Lacan, le spécularité comporte une image anticipée, offerte par l'Autre, dans laquelle le bébé se reconnaît. Cependant, cette scène aliénante suggère une impasse, représentée par la reine et blanche-neige: quel miroir une mère offre-t-elle, ne considérant que sa propre beauté, incapable de reconnaître la beauté de sa fille? Chez Winnicott, une illusion s’arrive dans le miroir: quand la mère voit son bébé, elle croit reconnaître quelque chose de propre en lui. Cette illusion s’arrive dans la vidéo: les images des séances semblent des faits concernant la réalité des enfants; après revu la vidéo, pris par l'illusion, on reconnaît leurs petites productions, même à l'œil un.
O autismo na pólis: efeitos sobre o lugar da criança no imaginário social no Brasil
Authors: Machado Letícia Vier
Published: June 2024

O autismo tornou-se um mediador do laço entre adultos e crianças, comparecendo mesmo onde não está. A insistência desse significante em diferentes espaços, o excesso de circulação discursiva a respeito da categoria diagnóstica de Transtorno do Espectro Autista e do desenvolvimento psíquico de bebês e crianças, além de cristalizar atalhos diagnósticos postos, testemunham novas marcas que se inscrevem nas crianças nestes tempos. Mais precisamente, autismo se tornou aquilo em nome de que intervimos junto às crianças, sendo ao mesmo tempo o nome de um risco a ser evitado e a amplificação da maneira como nós, adultos, sonhamos e construímos a criança no imaginário social. Em ambas as posições, tem-se no horizonte uma criança ideal. Esta é a tese que buscamos defender ao longo do trabalho. Nossas reflexões se sustentaram no mapeamento de um contexto macropolítico particular que envolve o autismo, desdobrado ao longo do trabalho. Neste, o aumento das taxas de prevalência do diagnóstico, a mobilização de associações de pais e familiares e dos próprios autistas transformou o assunto em preocupação de saúde pública. No Brasil, as intervenções se organizam em um campo complexo e dão origem a proposições políticas voltadas ao tema, grande parte delas elegendo crianças como público alvo. A partir de uma revisão de literatura e de pesquisa bibliográfica, apresentamos o que nomeamos campo do autismo organizado em três vetores, contemplando as disputas referentes ao diagnóstico e aos tratamentos; os efeitos do reconhecimento do autismo como deficiência; as reivindicações das associações de pais e familiares e dos autistas. As disputas em cena em cada um desses três vetores configuram um verdadeiro campo de batalha. Interessados pelas proposições políticas brasileiras da última década especificamente dirigidas ao autismo e pelas relações estabelecidas entre autismo e infância, a tese tem como objetivo compreender como as proposições sobre o autismo e suas políticas correlatas dizem do lugar fabricado e reservado nos dias de hoje às crianças no imaginário social, a partir do qual cada criança terá que advir como sujeito e conquistar para si um lugar singular. A análise transitou entre dois planos discursivos, a partir do diálogo com autores do campo psicanalítico e com leituras sociológicas e antropológicas, assim como de políticas públicas brasileiras que permitiram mapear o cenário atual do autismo como questão pública. Assim, a partir das políticas para autismo, desenvolvemos uma reflexão sobre a dimensão política da vida cotidiana com as crianças e do laço proposto a elas.
O papel da literatura nativa na construção de uma identidade étnico literária no pós-indianismo
Authors: Rosa Francis Mary Soares Correia da
Published: June 2024

Trata-se de situar a questão da literatura nativa como produtora de identidades étnicas no século XXI por meio prioritariamente do conceito de literatura menor. Serão discutidas a especificidade da formação identitária nativa, a situação da produção literária indígena frente ao cânone e como a literatura se constitui como um veículo para o fortalecimento étnico indígenas em meio ao contexto identitário da pós-modernidade.
O mito de Byron no decembrismo russo: algumas considerações sobre a obra de Wilhelm Küchelbecker
Authors: Botelho Alice Vieira
Published: June 2024

This paper analyzes the relationship between Russian Decembrist revolutionary poets and Byron’s myth. Our point of departure is the historical context of the emergence of Byronism in Russia’s 19th century and the connection between Byron’s myth and the poet-prophet in Decembrist’s civic discourse. We expose the possibilities and obstacles that challenge the construction of a lyrical subjectivity rooted in Romantic individualism in Russia’s first decades of the 19th century. Finally, we build a close-reading of Küchelbecker’s poem “Byron’s death”, in order to identify how the poet resignifies Byron’s myth aiming to defend the poet-prophet’s sovereignty and political emancipation.
Desespero, morte e religião: A Morte de Ivan Ilitch analisada em diálogo com Kierkegaard
Authors: Roos Jonas
Published: June 2024

Este texto se debruça sobre alguns aspectos de A Morte de Ivan Ilitch, analisando-os em diálogo com A Doença para a Morte, de Kierkegaard. O autor dinamarquês entende o ser humano como síntese de infinitude e finitude (e de seus correlatos) e disso deriva tanto um sentido específico para o conceito de desespero (como perda de si mesmo) quanto um conceito específico de fé (como superação do desespero). A partir daí o personagem Ivan Ilitch será analisado em relação às categorias de desespero da finitude e de desespero que está na ignorância de ser desespero. Por fim, será ainda analisado sob o ponto de vista da consciência do desespero e sob o ponto de vista da fé. Nesta última parte serão desenvolvidas ainda algumas reflexões a partir da obra Uma Confissão, de Tolstói.
Emancipação e direito como potência: apontamentos espinosanos sobre a concepção atual do jurídico
Authors: Braga Luiz Carlos Montans
Published: June 2024

Pode o direito natural levar à emancipação? Esta questão de fundo parece, num primeiro momento, não ter qualquer pertinência em tempos de quase completa identidade entre direito e lei positivada pelo Estado. Com efeito, a dicotomia direito natural versus direito positivo, contemporaneamente, perdeu seu poder. Segundo certa vertente da literatura, isto ocorreu em razão da positivação, nas Constituições dos países democráticos, dos conteúdos presentes em várias das doutrinas do direito natural. O objetivo do artigo é levantar a hipótese, a partir de Espinosa, da força e da pertinência do conceito de direito natural. Tal conceito pode ser contraposto às violências que costumam ser chamadas de direito.
Para remendar a fé no existente: superstição secundária e ceticismo desiludido nos escritos sociológicos de Theodor Adorno
Authors: Santos Eraldo
Published: June 2024

A partir de uma leitura dos textos em que Theodor Adorno analisa a coluna de horóscopo do Los Angeles Times, busca-se delimitar a especificidade dos fenômenos sociais que o autor compreende sob o conceito de “superstição secundária”. Tratar-se-ia, para o autor, de novos processos de relação social, no interior dos quais os indivíduos estariam alienados em relação às fontes produtoras do conhecimento mágico concernente ao seu próprio presente e futuro. O que chama especialmente a atenção do autor é a postura cética e desiludida do receptor diante das informações que lhe são fornecidas: o público, mesmo não levando completamente a sério a validade objetiva do que dizem as colunas de horóscopo, nem por isso deixa de se orientar por seus imperativos. Na perspectiva adorniana, isso ocorre porque o horóscopo responde às necessidades libidinais de sujeitos que, incapazes de configurar intelectualmente os problemas sociais que os afligem, sucumbem ao conhecimento pseudorracional de ordem supersticiosa. Adorno encontra a chave para ultrapassar esse impasse numa figura renovada de Bildung, que envolve, por um lado, a ênfase na capacidade da consciência crítica de efetuar sínteses e a recuperação de uma vivência da temporalidade em que a duração, em chave bergsoniana, se sobreponha à espacialização do devir.
Comparison of Blood Volume Profiles in Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fractions: Sex Makes a Difference
Authors: Miller Wayne L. , Grill Diane E. , Mullan Brian P.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

Blood volume (BV) profiles vary markedly in patients with heart failure (HF), but how HF phenotypes and patient sex impact volume profiles remain to be explored. The aim of the study was to differentiate BV, plasma volume, and red blood cell mass profiles by phenotypes of preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and assess the impact of patient sex on profile heterogeneity.

METHODS:

Retrospective analysis of clinical and BV data was undertaken in patients with chronic New York Heart Association II–III heart failure. BV was quantitated using the nuclear medicine indicator-dilution methodology.

RESULTS:

A total of 530 BV analyses (360 HF with reduced ejection fraction and 170 HF with preserved ejection fraction) were identified in 395 unique patients. Absolute BV was greater in HF with reduced ejection fraction (6.7±1.8 versus 5.9±1.6 liters:
P
<0.001); however, large variability in frequency distribution of volume profiles was observed in both phenotypes (−22% deficit to +109% excess relative to normal volumes). HF with reduced ejection fraction was characterized by a higher prevalence of BV expansion ≥+25% of normal (39% versus 26%;
P
=0.003), and HF with preserved ejection fraction was characterized a by more frequent normal BV (42% versus 24%;
P
<0.001). Male sex in both phenotypes was associated with a larger absolute BV (7.0±1.6 versus 5.1±1.3 liters;
P
<0.001) and higher frequency of large BV and plasma volume expansions above normal (both
P
<0.001), while females in both phenotypes demonstrated a higher prevalence of normal BV and plasma volume (both
P
<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Findings support significant differences in BV, plasma volume, and red blood cell mass profile distributions between heart failure phenotypes, driven in large part by sex-specific factors. This underscores the importance of identifying and distinguishing individual patient volume profiles to help guide volume management strategies.