bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual-modality hafnium oxide nanocrystals for computed tomography and fluorescence imaging of sentinel lymph nodes
Authors: Deblock Loren , Descamps Benedicte , Goossens Eline , Vergauwen Glenn , Debacker Jens , Tummers Philippe , Van Driessche Isabel , De Buysser Klaartje , De Roo Jonathan , Vanhove Christian
Published: February 2023

In the surgical treatment of breast cancer the primary tumour is removed together with the so-called sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs), the lymph nodes that have the highest probability of being invaded by cancer cells. The current clinical standard to identify SLNs uses a combination of 99mTc labelled nanocolloids and blue dyes. This workflow comes with downsides such as inflexible procedures, exposure to radioactivity, allergic side-reactions and long-lasting skin discoloration. Here, we develop a dual-modality imaging probe as alternative to the current standard and demonstrate the in vivo detection of SLNs in mice using X-ray computed tomography and near-infrared fluorescence. We synthesize and stabilize hafnium oxide nanocrystals in physiological buffer and attach IRDye 800CW to the surface. The SLN is selectively detected via both imaging modalities 15-30 minutes post-injection of the probe. Moreover, a comparison between the probe and 99mTc nanocolloids reveals similar lymphatic drainage while utilizing faster, cheaper and more readily available imaging infrastructure, which could facilitate clinical integration.
The production of Biodiesel from Algae using flocculation and Nanoparticles
Authors: Ibrahim Gehad , Al Ghabra Lemar
Published: February 2023

Although fossil fuels propelled society to our current level of technology, the future of energy lies in renewable resources, beginning with vehicles. Despite accounting for only 5% of total vehicles in the US, medium to heavy-duty trucks that run on diesel fuel account for an astounding 23% of annual CO2 emissions in the transportation sector. The full implementation of greener biodiesel is frequently regarded as an impractical method of pollution reduction because the production of such biodiesel competes directly with the agricultural industry for available arable land. (“Optimizing Nannochloropsis Growing Conditions for ...”) Energy-dense algae are better biodiesel feedstocks because they avoid many of the issues that current biodiesel feedstocks do, and their potential can be used to propel the biodiesel industry into the future of sustainable energy. Because of its high productivity and lipid content, Nannochloropsis is a promising algae genus. The research shows how to quantify the constituent fatty acid type and composition in order to optimize the growing medium composition for increased biodiesel quality while maintaining high productivity (GC). The algae are grown in three 2.5 L glass jugs with three different nitrate and phosphate concentrations. Throughout the trials, a growing "1/2" medium is used. A flocculating solution of aluminum sulfate and vacuum filtration are used to harvest the algae. In situ transesterification is used to maximize fatty acid conversion into fatty acid methyl esters, which are then analyzed using GC. After 32 days of growth, the algae grown in low, medium, and high nutrient concentrations had average absorbance values (a measure of biomass concentration) at 750 nm of 0.91, 0.99, and 1.18, respectively. In a low nutrient concentration, the maximum monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) concentration of 62.68 percent of total fatty acids was achieved, corresponding to high-quality biodiesel. This study resulted in a scientific breakthrough by maximizing both the quality of biodiesel produced, which is superior to any currently available biodiesel, and the quantity, with a productivity that is more than one hundred times that of current biodiesel feedstocks. The research also discusses nano-technology application that concluded nanomaterials could stimulate microorganism metabolism, implying that including nanomaterials in cultivation could boost microalgae lipid production. Furthermore, the use of nanomaterials could improve the efficiency of lipid extraction while causing no harm to the microalgae., as well as the research needs and future directions for sustainable microalgal biofuel production. Since we did not have access to the materials needed, the information gathered in this study was culled from a variety of sources.
Degenerate and Non-Degenerate Two-Photon Absorption of Coumarin Dyes
Authors: Elayan Ismael A. , Brown Alex
Published: February 2023

Two-photon absorption (2PA) spectroscopy is a robust bioimaging tool that depends on the determined cross sections (σ2PA). The absorption of both photons occurs simultaneously with equivalent (degenerate) or different (non-degenerate) photon energies, D-2PA and ND-2PA, respectively. The former has been investigated experimentally and computationally for many systems, while the latter remains relatively unexplored computationally and limited experimentally. In this study, response theory using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and the 2-state model (2SM) have been utilized to investigate σD-2PA and σND-2PA for the excitation to the lowest energy singlet state (S1) of coumarin, coumarin 6, coumarin 120, coumarin 307, and coumarin 343. Solvents involved were methanol (MeOH), chloroform (ClForm), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), where the latter leads to the largest σ2PA. Values of σ2PA are largest for coumarin 6 and lowest for coumarin, which illustrates the effect of substituents. The 2SM clarifies how the largest cross-sections correspond to molecules with the largest transition dipole moments, μ01. In general, σD-2SM computations agree with σD-2PA. Moreover, σND-2SM are in qualitative agreement with σND-2PA with comparable enhancement relative to σD-2PA. Overall, σND-2PA are larger than σD-2PA where the increase is in the range of 22% to 49%, depending on the coumarin as well as the relative energies of the two photons. This work aids in future investigations into various fluorophores to understand their photophysical properties for ND-2PA.
Chemical Synthesis of Glycopeptides containing L-Arabinosylated Hydroxyproline and Sulfated Tyrosine
Authors: van de Sande Jasper , Albada Bauke
Published: February 2023

Post-translationally modified peptides are important regulating molecules for living organisms. Here we report the stereoselective total synthesis of beta-1,2-linked L-arabinosylated Fmoc-protected hydroxyproline building blocks and their incorporation, together with sulfated tyrosine and hydroxyproline, into the plant peptide hormone PSY1. Clean glycopeptides were obtained by perform-ing acetyl removal from the L-arabinose groups prior to deprotection of the neopentyl-protected sulfated tyrosine.
Factores asociados con el uso del condón en trabajadoras y trabajadores sexuales de origen venezolano en Colombia
Authors: Restrepo Pineda Jair Eduardo , Villegas Rojas Soraya
Published: February 2023

Objetivo.

Describir los factores que determinan el uso del condón en trabajadores y trabajadoras sexuales inmigrantes venezolanos en Colombia.

Métodos.

Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con un enfoque hermenéutico interpretativo, en el cual se utilizó como técnica de investigación la entrevista semiestructurada, desarrolladas en el Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá, Bogotá D.C. y el eje cafetero colombiano.

Resultados.

Se realizaron 55 entrevistas. Del total de personas entrevistadas, 60% eran hombres cisgénero, 31% mujeres cisgénero y 9% mujeres transgénero. La edad promedio de los participantes fue de 27 años. Sesenta y nueve por ciento se encuentra de manera irregular en Colombia. En cuanto a la afiliación al sistema de salud, solo 11% están afiliados. Se observó que el uso del condón en los trabajadores sexuales es inconsistente, ya que este depende de factores de tipo personal y social.

Conclusiones.

Los factores que influyen en el uso del condón en trabajadores y trabajadoras sexuales de origen venezolano en Colombia están determinados por diversos aspectos tanto personales como sociales. Los primeros se refieren a los conocimientos, las redes de apoyo y la percepción del riesgo, mientras que los sociales se asocian con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, el estigma y la discriminación, y los lugares para el ejercicio del trabajo sexual. Estos últimos son los que más influyen en el uso inconsistente del condón en hombres cisgénero y en mujeres transgénero.
Barreras para el conocimiento, el tratamiento y el control de la hipertensión arterial en América Latina: una revisión de alcance
Authors: Parra-Gómez Laura Alejandra , Galeano Luis , Chacón-Manosalva María , Camacho Paul
Published: February 2023

Objetivo.

Agrupar las barreras para el conocimiento, tratamiento y control de la hipertensión en pacientes de América Latina mediante una revisión de alcance.

Métodos.

Se realizó una revisión de alcance de acuerdo con el marco metodológico de Arksey y O'Malley y las directrices para revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis (PRISMA). Se efectuó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual de Salud y Scopus. La selección se realizó de manera independiente y en ciego en el aplicativo RAYYAN QCRI®. Por último, se abordaron los resultados de los estudios seleccionados de manera narrativa.

Resultados.

Se incluyeron ocho estudios cualitativos y cuantitativos que se adecuaban a nuestra pregunta de investigación. Las barreras descritas con más frecuencia son las propias del sistema que dificultan el acceso integral y equitativo a la atención médica y los medicamentos, la ausencia de programas educativos e intervenciones personalizadas que mejoren la adherencia a tratamientos y los cambios en el estilo de vida. El factor económico es crítico en América Latina e impide el acceso al sistema de salud y modificar el estilo de vida debido a los costos del transporte, las citas médicas y los medicamentos.

Conclusiones.

Las barreras detectadas afectan todas las dimensiones para la adherencia al tratamiento; entre ellas se destacan la falta de educación y posicionamiento de los tomadores de decisiones en la atención de la hipertensión.
Barreiras e facilitadores do enfrentamento de HIV/aids e sífilis por venezuelanas residentes no Brasil
Authors: Mocelin Helaine Jacinta Salvador , Jezus Sonia Vivian de , Negri Leticya dos Santos Almeida , Borges Bárbara Juliana Pinheiro , Silva Adriana Ilha da , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia
Published: February 2023

Objetivo.

Descrever a percepção de mulheres venezuelanas sobre o acesso aos serviços de saúde, ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento de HIV/aids e sífilis no Brasil.

Métodos.

Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no período de fevereiro a maio de 2021 nos municípios de Manaus, estado do Amazonas, e Boa Vista, estado de Roraima. As entrevistas com as participantes foram transcritas na íntegra, com levantamento de temas a partir de análise de conteúdo.

Resultados.

Foram entrevistadas 40 mulheres (20 em Manaus e 20 em Boa Vista). A partir da transcrição e tradução das falas, foram identificadas duas categorias de análise de conteúdo: barreiras de acesso aos serviços de saúde, com quatro subcategorias — idioma, custos com saúde, reações adversas ao medicamento e pandemia de covid-19; e facilitadores do acesso, com quatro subcategorias — Sistema Único de Saúde, Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher, Política Nacional de Assistência Social e relação entre profissional de saúde e usuária do Sistema Único de Saúde.

Conclusão.

Os resultados mostraram a necessidade de elaborar estratégias para mitigar as dificuldades enfrentadas pelas mulheres migrantes da Venezuela residentes no Brasil quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento de HIV/aids e sífilis, indo além do amparo à saúde garantido pela lei.
Mapa de evidências sobre sequelas e reablitação da covid-19 pós-aguda: uma versão atualizada em julho de 2022
Authors: Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale Ostolin Thatiane , Miranda Rafael Abe da Rocha , Abdala Carmen Verônica Mendes
Published: February 2023

Objetivo.

Atualizar o mapa de evidências sobre os efeitos de intervenções para reabilitação de covid-19 pós-aguda.

Métodos.

O escopo da busca foi definido conforme a população (pacientes que tiveram covid-19 sintomática e sequelas da doença pós-aguda), o contexto (intervenções para recuperação das sequelas) e o tipo de estudo (revisão sistemática, revisão sistemática rápida, revisão de escopo ou revisão de revisões). Após a busca na PubMed e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, dois autores independentes selecionaram estudos de revisão. A atualização do mapa feita em 27 de julho de 2022 seguiu os mesmos procedimentos descritos anteriormente.

Resultados.

O mapa inicial de evidências continha 22 estudos (quatro revisões sistemáticas, quatro revisões rápidas, quatro revisões de estudos de caso, uma revisão de escopo e nove protocolos de revisão sistemática). Nesta atualização, outros 10 estudos foram incluídos. Foram identificados quatro grupos de intervenções (multimodal, terapêutica, terapias complementares e farmacológica) e sete grupos de desfechos (condições patológicas, doenças/transtornos respiratórios, dor, indicadores fisiológicos e metabólicos, saúde mental/qualidade de vida, funções sensoriais, mortalidade), totalizando 166 associações entre intervenções e desfechos. As terapias complementares tiveram mais associações com os desfechos (n = 94). Entre os desfechos, destacaram-se os indicadores fisiológicos e metabólicos, as condições patológicas e a saúde mental/qualidade de vida (44, 41 e 35 associações, respectivamente).

Conclusões.

Na atualização do mapa, analisaram-se 69 associações, com destaque para exercício (isolado, multicomponente ou intervenção multimodal, apresentando 23 efeitos positivos e quatro potencialmente positivos) e intervenções farmacológicas e terapias complementares para funções sensoriais (15 associações). O alto número de protocolos indica que a literatura permanece incipiente.
Dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus infections in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review
Authors: Santos Letícia L.M. , de Aquino Erika Carvalho , Fernandes Suleimy Marinho , Ternes Yves Mauro F. , Feres Valéria C. de R.
Published: February 2023

Objectives.

To characterize the distribution profile of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus infections in Latin America and the Caribbean and to identify possible factors associated with the risk of dissemination and severity of these arboviruses.

Methods.

The protocol of this review was registered on the PROSPERO platform. Searches were carried out in the following databases: Virtual Health Library, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Embase. The search terms were: Zika virus, Zika virus infection, dengue, dengue virus, chikungunya virus, chikungunya fever, epidemiology, observational study, Latin America, and Caribbean region. Studies that addressed the distribution of these arboviruses and the risk factors associated with dengue, Zika virus disease, and chikungunya, published between January 2000 and August 2020 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, were included.

Results.

Of 95 studies included, 70 identified risk factors, clinical manifestations, and outcomes for arbovirus infections and 25 described complications and/or deaths. The highest frequency of confirmed cases was for dengue. Brazil reported most cases of the three arboviruses in the period analyzed. Environmental and socioeconomic factors facilitated the proliferation and adaptation of vectors, and host-related factors were reported to aggravate dengue. Most deaths were due to chikungunya, Zika virus disease caused most neurological alterations, and dengue resulted in greater morbidity leading to more frequent hospitalization.

Conclusions.

The review provides a broad view of the three arboviruses and the intrinsic aspects of infections, and highlights the factors that influence the spread of these viruses in the populations studied.
Three Essays on Corporate Finance: Capital Structure, Venture Capital, and Stock Market
Authors:   , Nguyen Huyen
Published: February 2023

The thesis consists of three empirical essays on corporate finance. In the first essay, we examine the influence of cash flow volatility on firms’ uses of debt maturity and zero-leverage policy in an international context. Using a large international sample, we find that cash flow volatility is positively associated with our measure of debt maturity at less than the 1% level of significance. Relative to unconditional means of debt maturity, a one standard deviation increase in cash flow volatility implies a 2.57% decrease in the probability of firms using long-term debt, a 5.83% increase in the probability of firms using only short-term debt, and an 11.8% increase in the probability of firms using zero-debt. Our results support the screening and the trade-off theories that firms with high cash flow volatility are screened out of the long-term debt market and firms with low cash flow volatility lengthen their debt maturity to moderate expected bankruptcy costs. We also find the qualitatively identical influence of cash flow volatility on debt maturity and zero-debt policy in both advanced and emerging economies.

In the second essay, we investigate the two-directional relationship between venture capital investment and stock market development around the globe. We employ a two-stage generalized method of moments model using an instrumental variable approach to mitigate the potential reverse causality in this relationship across 19 countries from 1997 to 2015. We find that stock market development positively affects future venture capital investment. A one standard deviation increase in stock market capitalization leads to an 0.87% increase in future venture capital investment. Likewise, we find evidence that venture capital investment positively affects future stock market capitalization. However, this effect disappears with the presenceof stock market capitalization’s lags as explanatory variables in the model. Interestingly, we find that venture capital investments from 5 to 7 years are statistically significant and jointly associated with future stock market development at less than the 1% level, which is consistent with the venture capitalists harvestingtheir investments through initial public offerings 5 years or more after investing in a venture.

In the last essay, we explore the influence of venture capital and private equity backing prior to initial public offerings on the listed U.S. firms’ financial policies. We find that, relative to the mean, venture-capital-backed firms have an 18.89% higher cash flow volatility, a 23.12% lower leverage, and a 36.76% higher likelihoodto follow a zero-leverage policy than non-venture-capital-backed firms. In contrast, we find the opposite effects for private equity-backed firms. We also find evidence that the negative effect of venture capital backing on capital structure persists after the initial public offering.
A percepção de mulheres jovens diagnosticadas com câncer de mama sobre as campanhas de marketing social
Authors:   Centro Universitário Unihorizontes, Bueno Natalia Xavier , Cunha Gustavo Rodrigues ,   Centro Universitário Unihorizontes
Published: February 2023

O câncer de mama (CAM) é um dos principais responsáveis pela morbidade e mortalidade no mundo (WHO, 2014a) por, na maioria das vezes, ser identificado nas mulheres quando já está em estágio avançado. Neste cenário, as campanhas de prevenção podem contribuir para que as mulheres de todas as idades possam prevenir a doença e identificar os fatores de risco que aumentam as chances de desenvolver a doença. Com isso, objetiva-se analisar as percepções das mulheres jovens a respeito das ações de marketing social para a prevenção do câncer de mama. Para isto, baseou-se nas ações de prevenção do CAM sob a perspectiva do marketing social e da prevenção primária e secundária. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva qualitativa, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com nove mulheres jovens, com menos de 50 anos, diagnosticadas com CAM. A partir da análise de conteúdo os dados foram categorizados e viu-se uma insatisfação das entrevistadas quanto à clareza de informações sobre a doença; à baixa periodicidade das campanhas de prevenção; à insatisfação com as ações governamentais, bem como à disponibilidade de maquinários para prevenção e tratamento; e às orientações de rastreamento por mamografia apenas para mulheres acima de 50 anos.
Rede de cooperação como diferencial competitivo: um estudo em rede de supermercados no alto oeste potiguar
Authors:   Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Aguiar Amanda Vitória , Melo Géison Calyo Varela de ,   Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Feitosa Elis Regina Monte ,   Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Sousa Juliana Carvalho de ,   Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte
Published: February 2023

O objetivo do estudo consiste em analisar os fatores que influenciam os associados de uma rede de supermercados a participarem de uma cooperação como estratégia competitiva. O método utilizado foi um levantamento, de caráter descritivo, quantitativo, e como instrumento de coleta de dados um questionário adaptado de Tálamo (2008) e aplicado a 16 empresários associados, analisados através da estatística descritiva. Assim, os resultados demonstraram que as empresas pertencentes a rede de um modo geral, obtém resultados competitivos em relação as empresas que operam isoladamente no setor. Apesar de alguns obstáculos, os aspectos positivos mantêm a rede presente no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, especificamente na região do Alto Oeste. Portanto, a análise na rede varejista de lojas supermercadistas mostra analogia com relação ao quadro teórico apresentado por Balestrin e Verschoore (2016) em que consta os elementos imprescindíveis para a formação da rede de cooperação garantindo a sua vantagem competitiva, contudo algumas características necessitam ser trabalhadas na rede conforme foi verificado na esfera da confiança entre os membros.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THIOSEMICARBAZONES WITH UREASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY
Authors: Han Y.-J. , Liu Q.-R. , Xue L.-W.
Published: February 2023

Thiosemicarbazones are biological active compounds. In this work, five new thiosemicarbazones were prepared and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR and IR spectra, as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds were evaluated for their urease inhibitory activities. Among the compounds, those with hydroxyl substituent groups have effective activity with IC50 values of 1.5-2.3 μmol∙L–1. Docking simulation was performed to insert the molecules of the compounds into the crystal structure of Jack bean urease at the active site to determine their probable binding modes.
Homodinuclear and heterotetranuclear Lanthanide complexes built by 2-bis(salicylidieneamino)methylphenol via Alkaline regulation
Authors: Li Li , Yuan F.
Published: February 2023

Reaction of H3salmp (H3salmp = 2-bis(salicylidieneamino)methylphenol) and lanthanide ions has afforded three lanthanide-schiff base complexes. One is homodinuclear [Nd(Hsalmp)(NO3)(EtOH)]2·2EtOH (1), another two are heteroleptic tetranuclear [LnNa(salmp)(sal)(EtOH)3]2(Ln = Nd (2), Ce (3); sal = salicylaldehydato) architectures. In complex 1, the counter Hsalmp2- anions adopt NO3 donor sets, wheras in complexes 2 and 3, the counter salmp3- anions select N2O3 donor sets and sal- anions chose O2 donor sets, in which cleavage of C=N groups in ligand has taken place. The amount of alkali has displayed a vital influence on preparation of these complexes. Both of the complexes were elucidated by elemental analysis, IR, fluorescence spectra and X-ray crystallography.
The Role of the Helots in “Educating” the Spartans
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia, Pechatnova L.G.
Published: February 2023

This article considers and analyzes the ancient sources mentioning the role played by the helots in the upbringing of sons of Spartan citizens. The focus is on the ways and forms through which the helots were exploited to educate the young generation there. The status of the helots poses a significant challenge to researchers because there are few sources on this issue, mostly dated back to a later period. Thus, all observations and reasoning can be only hypothetical at present. The system of public education in Sparta assumed complete separation of the civilian youth from other groups of residents, especially from the helots, in order to cultivate a sense of being chosen among them: they were forced to believe that a deep abyss existed between them and the helots. To widen and aggravate this impairment, a number of rules were introduced, such as obligatory helotic clothes making those wearing them stand out in the crowd. The analysis of the sources shows that the helots were cast in a poor light as an important part of the ideological education of the Spartans. They were exposed as living examples of the worst behaviors that were allegedly inherent in them and unacceptable to other citizens. It was a common practice to portray the helots as drunkards or freaks to inspire contempt and disgust for them in the young people of Sparta. By absorbing this ideology, the latter were prepared for the crypteia, when they had to attack the helots or, possibly, even carry out their mass executions. The strict segregation imposed in Sparta became the basis of the relations between the Spartans and the helots, impeded social mobility, and consolidated the social hierarchy.
Problems Associated with Reconstruction of the Bashkir Folk Costume Based on Ethnographic Photographs of the Mid-19th–Early 20th Centuries
Authors:   R.G. Kuzeev Institute of Ethnological Research, Ufa Federal Research Center,  Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450077 Russia National Museum of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, 450008 Russia, Usmanova S.M.
Published: February 2023

This article discusses how ethnographic photographs are used for reconstructing the Bashkir national costume and its details. The results obtained show that the historical reconstruction of the Bashkir national costume has developed and advanced through various competitions between folk clothing artists in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The photographs, published both in various print sources and online, of the collections from the museums of St. Petersburg, Moscow, and Ufa, have inspired their reconstructions. Many costume pieces have been reconstructed based on the photographs taken during the 19th–20th centuries by travelers, scholars, and individual persons. Interestingly, the engravings of the 18th century and the written sources have not been used. Some ethnoterritorial variants of the Bashkir costume (southern, northeastern, Demsky, and northwestern) and those of certain age groups (clothes typically worn by girls and boys) have been restored. So far, there have been no reconstructions of the costumes of elderly men and women, city nobility, as well as the clothing traditions of the Bashkir groups in Samara, Sverdlovsk, and Orenburg. It was concluded that historical reconstruction of the folk costume contributes significantly to a better understanding of the ethnic features of the clothing culture.
School Education Reforms and Development of a New Soviet School Space in Kazan during the 1920s and 1930s
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia, Salnikova A.A. , Zhuravlev D.S. ,   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia
Published: February 2023

This article examines the role of the school education reforms enacted in the 1920s–1930s for promoting the formation of a new Soviet school space. The focus is on the school space of Kazan, a major pre-revolutionary and Soviet provincial center with the long-inherited educational traditions reconsidered during the first decades of the Soviet regime. The research is based on the documents from the collections of the State Archives of the Republic of Tatarstan, which have been for the first time introduced into the scientific use. The results obtained show that the school space of Kazan underwent an overhaul when the Soviet power had established itself. This was a direct consequence of the reforms and innovations aimed to build a radically new school for the Soviet people. The school reforms also influenced the Soviet urban planning practices by gradually putting a greater emphasis on the needs of the Soviet school, intensifying the school construction, and expanding the network of model schools in connection with the “unification” of the Soviet educational process. The conclusion is that the Kazan case generally fits into the key educational and urban development processes that were taking place in the Soviet territory of that time.
Professor of Mathematics N.N. Parfentiev: A Member of Russia’s Intelligentsia during the Transformative Period between the Epochs
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia, Ezhova S.A. , Al’pin Y.A. ,   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia
Published: February 2023

Using a variety of archival materials and published sources, this article reconstructs the pre-revolutionary stage in the biography of Nikolai Nikolaevich Parfentiev (1877–1943), a prominent professor in the Department of Pure Mathematics at Imperial Kazan University. Here, we also create his sociopsychological portrait through the retrospective analysis of his relationship with parents and family members. Particular attention is paid to his work as a researcher and lecturer at Kazan University and to his views on reforming school education, specifically to what concerns teaching mathematics. The forms of education favored by him are singed out. The results obtained show that N.N. Parfentiev was a great reformer: he introduced new teaching methods, organized the Physics and Mathematics Commission as part of the Pedagogical Society of Kazan University, and headed the Students’ Circle of Physics and Mathematics. To add some detail to the complex portrait of this scholar, we consider his participation in the public organizations for science and education, social and political ideas expressed by him. The archival sources shed light on his participation in the gathering of Kazan University students on January 23, 1905 and on the repressive measures that followed. Most Russian scholars were deeply shocked by the October Revolution of 1917 and faced the challenge of defining their social attitudes. N.N. Parfentiev had used to speak out in support of the anti-Bolshevik Corps of the Czechoslovak Legion, but then was among the first university professors who pursued active cooperation with the Soviet authorities. This played an important role in the subsequent development of research projects at Kazan University. The article publishes for the first time the photographs from the family archive of N.D. Parfentieva and the Museum of History of Kazan Federal University. Our study shows that understanding the background and motives of the choices made by public figures during major social upheavals in the state history is highly relevant and socially significant.
Tatar ASSR’s History of Writing and Defending Dissertations in Archeology during the 1920s–1950s
Authors:   Kazan State Institute of Culture, Kazan, 420059 Russia, Rudenko K.A.
Published: February 2023

This article overviews the Tatar ASSR’s history of the culture of writing and defending dissertations on various archeological issues during the first three decades of Soviet power. Until 1918, universities followed the pre-revolutionary practice of awarding academic degrees, as it was with V.F. Smolin who defended his dissertation in 1918. M.G. Khudyakov, another talented student who studied archeology and V.F. Smolin’s colleague, dropped his research projects because he had been registered for the draft during the World War I to join the front-line army units; in 1918, he yet successfully passed the exams, but without defending a dissertation; although he had never submitted his work at any oral defense, he was awarded the degree of Doctor of History in 1936. Among the researchers who had received higher education before the revolution but defended their dissertations in archeology in the Soviet times, N.F. Kalinin stands out: he worked at the Institute of Literature of the Kazan Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and focused his research on the Stone and Bronze Ages of Tataria, but defended his dissertation in 1947, i.e., after the Great Patriotic War. At around that time, O.S. Khovanskaya and A.M. Efimova, both worked at the State Museum of Tatarstan, were writing their dissertations on the Middle Ages under the guidance of A.P. Smirnov; for many valid reasons, they did not present their works in front of the dissertation committee. In the 1950s, A.Kh. Khalikov and V.F. Gening, N.F. Kalinin’s post-graduate students, brilliantly defended their dissertations – on the Bronze and Early Iron Ages, respectively. V.F. Gening then moved from Kazan to Sverdlovsk, and the subsequent generation of archeologists in the Tatar ASSR was brought up and shaped by A.Kh. Khalikov. The results obtained show that a bulk of the dissertations in archeology were defended by the Tatar ASSR researchers in the late 1940s, most of them were based on the archeological expeditions in the republic and the excavations at the Bolgar settlement organized by A.P. Smirnov and N.F. Kalinin.
Numerical analysis of laterally loaded barrette foundation
Authors: Behloul Djamila , Rafa Sid , Moussai Belkacem
Published: February 2023

The effect of soil constitutive models, nonlinearity of the barrette material, loading direction as well as the cross-sectional shape and second moment of inertia on the response the barrette foundation under lateral loading is investigated in this research. The numerical analyses were conducted on a well-documented barrette load test using Plaxis 3D. The investigation results revealed that the response of the barrette is significantly affected by the direction of the applied load and nonlinear behavior of the soil and barrette materials. For rectangular, square, and circular piles with different cross-section areas and same second moment of inertia, the square and circular piles exhibit similar behavior but different from that of the rectangular pile. However, when these piles have the same cross-section area and different second moments of inertia, the behavior of rectangular pile is close to that of square pile when the load is applied along the x direction and is close to that of circular pile shape when the load is applied along the y direction.
THE EFFECT OF IMPORTS OF COFFEE AND NATURAL RUBBER COMMODITIES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA
Authors: Ridha Muhammad , Nailufar Fanny
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the Effect of Coffee Imports and Oil and Gas Natural Rubber Imports on Indonesia's Economic Growth. By using the type of data in this research, quantitative approach to time series data from 1990 to 2020 sourced from the statistical reports of the Indonesian Directorate General of Plantations, BI Statistics, and BPS Indonesia. The analytical tool used is Multiple Linear Regression. The results partially show that coffee imports have a positive effect on economic growth as well as imports of natural rubber have a positive and significant impact on Indonesia's economic growth. Simultaneous test results stated that imports of coffee and natural rubber had a positive and significant effect on Indonesia's GDP. The correlation value of 0.8757 means that the relationship between coffee imports and natural rubber imports on economic growth as measured by GDP has a very strong relationship because the value is almost close to positive one
Naïve Bayes and TF-IDF for Sentiment Analysis of the Covid-19 Booster Vaccine
Authors: Imelda Imelda , Arief Ramdhan Kurnianto
Published: February 2023

The booster vaccine polemic became a trending topic on Twitter and reaped many pros and cons. This booster vaccine began to be distributed on January 12, 2022. This booster vaccine program was implemented free of charge for the people of Indonesia to prevent the new variant of Covid-19, Omicron. The contribution of this study is to analyze the sentiment of booster vaccines to prevent covid-19 using the Naïve Bayes and TF-IDF methods. We conducted sentiment analysis to determine whether the tweet was positive, negative, or neutral. The solution used is the Naïve Bayes method and TF-IDF. The role of TF-IDF is to determine how relevant the data in the document is by utilizing word weighting. The stages of this research using CRISP-DM include Business Understanding, Data Understanding, Data Preparation, Modelling, Evaluation, and Deployment. The net data results show 1,557 data with a positive sentiment of 1,335, a neutral sentiment of 171 data, and a negative sentiment of 51 data. The test results with 60:40 data sharing obtained accuracy, precision, and recall values of 85.26%, 85%, and 100%. The results of this test have increased by 7.26%, 12%, and 20% from other previous studies with the same data distribution.
Mobile Application Development to Solve Vehicle Routing Problems in Marketing or Tour Trip Planning
Authors: Nugroho Benni Agung , Izzah Abidatul , Eliyen Kunti
Published: February 2023

The vehicle routing problem (VRP) is a combinatorial optimization problem faced by transportation services related to pick up or delivery, such as industrial raw materials distribution, tour and travel, or travel routing problems in general. VRP is an NP-hard problem where the higher the dimensions of the problem will have a higher computational complexity. Without realizing it, VRP problem are often encountered every day. Therefore, it will be very useful if VRP solver is implemented in mobile application media. So, the aim of this work is developing a mobile application to get the shortest path and minimal cost in VRP problem. It is integrated by both Mapbox API and Google Maps API to get a real distance for modeling problem. The result show that the developed application can run well in all possibility condition.
CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN GREEN MUSSELS (Perna viridis) OF LAMPUNG BAY AND THEIR SYMBIONE BACTERIAL RESISTANCE
Authors: Aznardi Shodikin Aznardi , Madduppa Hawis , Ismet Meutia Samira
Published: February 2023

Green mussels are marine organisms that are threatened due to heavy metal pollution such as lead and copper in marine waters. In addition, to threatening shell organisms heavy metals are also a threat to symbiont organisms. Bacteria exposed to heavy metals continuously will later be able to adapt (resistance) to heavy metal contamination. This study aims to determine the concentration of heavy metals lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) in green mussels from Lampung Bay and to test the resistance of symbiotic bacteria to Pb and Cu as well as to conduct molecular identification to determine the type of selected symbiotic bacteria. This research was conducted by analyzing the content of heavy metals in water samples and green mussels then isolated the symbiotic bacteria and selected using Luria Bertani agar by adding heavy metal concentrations, then tested the level of resistance to Pb and Cu which were added continuously from concentrations of 100 ppm to 1000 ppm to bacteria can no longer grow optimally. After that, molecular identification was carried out to determine the type of bacteria and reconstructed to see the molecular proximity. The results showed that the water and green mussels had exceeded the quality standard and were classified as polluted. Bacterial isolates were resistant to Pb in the range of 100-1000 ppm and Cu in the range of 100-700 ppm. Molecular identification of the selected samples, namely STL09 and STL11, showed that the symbiont bacteria were a type of bacterial species Bacillus sp.
Kommunikative Textarbeit am Beispiel zweier Texte für den Anfängerunterricht (A1 Niveau)
Authors:   1 Decembrie 1918 University of Alba Iulia, Romania, Todescu Valentin
Published: February 2023

The aim of this article is to analyse the ways in which teaching through games can be successfully applied to a text that is to be taught to A1 level learners of German as a Foreign Language (DaF). The term “text work” is used increasingly in the didactics of foreign language teaching. The description of texts is the subject of text linguistics, media studies or literary studies. In addition to linguistic-structural features, since the communicative-pragmatic turn, the contexts of use and thus the functional and situational features of texts have also been the focus of attention. There is an impressive array of texts ranging from areas of everyday communication to scientific communication, which can be successfully exploited for the language class. Playful learning in class is fun and knowledgeable and is closely linked to action-based learning. Through play, students acquire the learning content interactively, engage in new challenges and train their psychomotor skills. Creative, exciting, mysterious and open-ended task formulations are another component of play-based learning. The aim of such tasks is that children individually or in small groups acquire a certain topic over a certain period of time in different traps of the learning process. In doing so, they assume their own responsibility for learning through play.
Ultrassonografia com Doppler
Authors: Romualdo André Paciello , Silva Paulo Savoia Dias da , Ribeiro Alessandra Caivano Rodrigues , Pinto Carlos Augusto Ventura , Kanas Alexandre Fligelman , Santos José Eduardo Mourão , Françolin Peter Celio
Published: February 2023

Durante uma reunião científica da Sociedade Paulista de Radiologista, em que estudávamos formas de aperfeiçoar o Curso Híbrido de Doppler (veja mais sobre o curso aqui) e tornar a experiência dos alunos mais imersiva, apresentei a sugestão de elaborar um e-book com temas de interesse em ultrassonografia com Doppler, a fim de aproveitar a expertise do nosso grupo de especialistas. Essa ideia não só foi aceita de pronto pelo diretor científico da sociedade, Dr. Antonio José da Rocha, como foi aperfeiçoada, resultando na série “Casos Comentados da SPR”, da qual este “Ultrassonografia com Doppler” é um dos primeiros lançamentos.
No decorrer da leitura, o aluno terá a oportunidade de aprender com casos elaborados por referências na especialidade e testar seus conhecimentos com uma série de questões, cujos temas passam por praticamente todas as principais áreas de interesse em ultrassonografia com Doppler. Esse e-book se tornou realidade em tempo recorde não apenas pelo esforço conjunto desses autores, mas também pelo trabalho inestimável dos colaboradores da sociedade, capitaneados por Sérgio Carlos de Macedo Júnior, e da Farol Editora, que geriram todo o trabalho burocrático e técnico envolvido na elaboração e edição de um livro.
Desejo a todos um ótimo aprendizado, e que venham novas edições!
Caso 10
Authors: Françolin Peter Celio
Published: February 2023

Dados clínicos:
• Paciente do sexo feminino, 27 anos, com aumento do volume abdominal progressivo há três meses.
Caso 11
Authors: Silva Paulo Savoia Dias da
Published: February 2023

Dados clínicos:
• Paciente do sexo feminino, 52 anos, 1º dia pós-operatório de transplante hepático, realiza ultrassonografia com Doppler do fígado transplantado.
Caso 13
Authors: Pinto Carlos Augusto Ventura
Published: February 2023

Dados clínicos:
• Paciente do sexo feminino, 44 anos, 15° P.O. de TX renal, evoluindo com hipertensão grave e piora da função renal e sopro no enxerto.
Caso 15
Authors: Kanas Alexandre Fligelman
Published: February 2023

Dados clínicos:
• Paciente do sexo feminino, 32 anos, 20° P. O. de retirada de corpo estranho intra-aórtico (Amplatzer cardíaco migrado), evoluindo com dor abdominal.
CAPÍTULO 2 - A INFLUÊNCIA DA URBANIZAÇÃO NA OCUPAÇÃO DAS ÁREAS DE VÁRZEA NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DA ESTRADA NOVA - BELÉM-PA
Authors: França Jéssica Lima , Ponte Juliano Pamplona Ximenes
Published: February 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência do processo histórico de urbanização na ocupação das áreas de várzea da Bacia Hidrográfica da Estrada Nova-BHEN, Belém-PA. Busca-se compreender os atuais impactos socioambientais, especificamente alagamentos e inundação relacionados a área da BHEN. Com este propósito, o artigo elaborado envolveu a descrição do histórico de ocupação e levantamento bibliográfico para identificação da situação atual de preservação/degradação da área de estudo. Os resultados indicaram, principalmente, os moradores que convivem nas áreas alagadas estão mais vulneráveis ao risco todos os anos, essas populações de baixa renda lidam com as consequências da inundação dos canais e com os estragos dos alagamentos, assim, percebe-se a omissão do poder público no planejamento urbano da Região Metropolitana de Belém-RMB. É importante a implementação de iniciativas por parte do poder público, em garantir a gestão adequada de uso e ocupação em áreas de várzeas.
Palavras-chave: Urbanização. Política Pública. Drenagem Urbana.
CAPÍTULO 9 -PERCEPÇÃO DE RISCO E VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL DOS MORADORES DE CRISPIM – PARÁ
Authors: Aguiar Nicele Bruna Coelho , Rodrigues Hernani José Brazão , Silva Luciano André Barbosa da
Published: February 2023

A costa paraense possui aproximadamente 600 km de extensão, desse modo é uma área com grande potencial turístico e econômico, portanto ao longo dos anos esse espaço vem sendo habitado e sofrendo alterações. Desse modo a população residente nessa área, sofre com os processos de erosão costeira. Assim, os objetivos desse trabalho, buscam indicar o nível de vulnerabilidade e percepção dos riscos, através da aplicação de questionários na Praia de Crispim – Marapanim/PA, que visam avaliar o grau de percepção e vulnerabilidade que os moradores dessa área têm sobre os possíveis desastres naturais. Os resultados atenuam a alta vulnerabilidade, uma vez que a escolaridade e o poder aquisitivo dos moradores são baixos. Quando se trata de percepção as respostas obtidas demonstram que a população possui um conhecimento sobre os eventos que ocorrem na praia, muito disso se dar em função do tempo que habitam na área. Assim a avaliação das variáveis vulnerabilidade e percepção, pode ser um instrumento para a gestão de risco, uma vez que ao reconhecer as peculiaridades da população local pode se elaborar um plano de gestão eficaz.
Palavras-chave: Vulnerabilidade. Percepção de risco. Erosão costeira.