bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NADH-bound AIF activates the mitochondrial CHCHD4/MIA40 chaperone by a substrate-mimicry mechanism
Authors: Brosey Chris A , Shen Runze , Tainer John A
Published: January 2025

Mitochondrial metabolism requires the chaperoned import of disulfide-stabilized proteins via CHCHD4/MIA40 and its enigmatic interaction with oxidoreductase Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). By crystallizing human CHCHD4’s AIF-interaction domain with an activated AIF dimer, we uncover how NADH allosterically configures AIF to anchor CHCHD4’s β-hairpin and histidine-helix motifs to the inner mitochondrial membrane. The structure further reveals a similarity between the AIF-interaction domain and recognition sequences of CHCHD4 substrates. NMR and X-ray scattering (SAXS) solution measurements, mutational analyses, and biochemistry show that the substrate-mimicking AIF-interaction domain shields CHCHD4’s redox-sensitive active site. Disrupting this shield critically activates CHCHD4 substrate affinity and chaperone activity. Regulatory-domain sequestration by NADH-activated AIF directly stimulates chaperone binding and folding, revealing how AIF mediates CHCHD4 mitochondrial import. These results establish AIF as an integral component of the metazoan disulfide relay and point to NADH-activated dimeric AIF as an organizational import center for CHCHD4 and its substrates. Importantly, AIF regulation of CHCHD4 directly links AIF’s cellular NAD(H) sensing to CHCHD4 chaperone function, suggesting a mechanism to balance tissue-specific oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity with NADH availability.
Myeloid ACAT1/SOAT1: a novel regulator of dyslipidemia and retinal neovascularization
Authors: Zaidi Syed A. H. , Caldwell Ruth B. , Rojas Modesto A.
Published: January 2025

Pathological retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a major cause of vision loss and blindness during ischemic retinopathies. Our investigations in the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) demonstrate a novel mechanism of pathological RNV and neurovascular injury. We show that OIR-induced activation of macrophage/microglial cells, retinal inflammation, and pathological RNV are mediated by increases in cholesterol ester (CE) formation due to activation of the acyl-CoA: Cholesterol Acyltransferase 1/Sterol O-Acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1/SOAT1) enzyme.
Online integration of capillary electrophoresis and dual detector Taylor dispersion analysis via a 3D printed instrument
Authors: Atsar Felix S. , Bourger Hillary D. , Baker Christopher A.
Published: January 2025

A 3D printed instrument for CE-TDA is developed and demonstrated for CE peak identification in antibody fragmentation, and for structural dynamics characterization of a Group II heat resistant protein.
BiFusionPathoNet: fusion network for drug-resistant bacteria identification via optical scattering patterns
Authors: Wang Yichuan , He Xu , Hussain Mubashir , Ma Luyao , Wang Jingjing , Chen Mingyue , Yang Na , Zhou Xiuping , Wang Chao , Kang Haiquan , Liu Bin
Published: January 2025

A multimodal AI approach using MDLS and Raman signals achieved 96.8% accuracy in distinguishing MRSA from MSSA, demonstrating its potential for rapid and accurate drug-resistant bacteria detection.
Biomaterial-based strategies for primary human corneal endothelial cells for therapeutic applications: from cell expansion to transplantable carrier
Authors: Enkhbat Myagmartsend , Mehta Jodhbir S. , Peh Gary S. L. , Yim Evelyn K. F.
Published: January 2025

Biomaterial-based strategies, including ECM coatings and functionalized polymers, enable efficient expansion of primary human corneal endothelial cells, addressing donor shortages and advancing cell therapy for corneal transplantation.
3D printing of wearable sensors with strong stretchability for myoelectric rehabilitation
Authors: Zhan Jianan , Kong Yueying , Zhou Xi , Gong Haihuan , Chen Qiwei , Zhang Xianlin , Zhang Jiankai , Wang Yilin , Huang Wenhua
Published: January 2025

The potential of conductive hydrogel sensor can potentially improve the treatment landscape for EMG-BF offering patients more convenient and efficient therapeutic options.
A novel small-molecule fluorescent probe caused by minimal structural modifications for specific staining of the cell nuclear membrane
Authors: Jin Wendong , Liu Yang , Lu Qing , Huang Jie , Liu Zhiqiang , Yu Xiaoqiang
Published: January 2025

The first small-molecule fluorescent probe that selectively stains the nuclear membrane, allowing for the visualization of nuclear morphology without interfering with the DNA's activity.
Halogen-bond-mediated inhibition of ion migration for stable Sn–Pb perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhang Shuming , Cheng Jiahui , Cao Huijie , Ma Mingjun , Li Cheng , Song Xiuyan , Zhou Zhongmin
Published: January 2025

This work shows that perfluoro octane iodine can effectively inhibit iodide migration in Sn–Pb perovskite through halogen bonding, thus effectively improving the performance and stability of the devices.
Copper catalyzed C(sp3)–H/C(sp3)–H cross-coupling of arylacetic acid equivalents with methylarenes via α-carbonyl radicals
Authors: Singh Anupam Kumar , Rahaman Ajijur , Patel Upendra Kumar Brijmohan , Patel Tulsi R. , Bhai Surjit , Ganguly Bishwajit , Bhadra Sukalyan
Published: January 2025

Arylacetic acid equivalents, bearing a pyridine group, undergo copper-catalyzed C(sp3)–H/C(sp3)–H cross-coupling with methylarenes to give α,β-diarylpropionic acids via the formation of α-carbonyl radicals.
Dynamics of fluorinated imide-based ionic liquids using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques
Authors: Pranto Tawhid , Fraenza Carla C. , Philippi Frederik , Rauber Daniel , Kay Christopher W. M. , Welton Tom , Greenbaum Steven G. , Suarez Sophia
Published: January 2025

Anion's conformational flexibility greatly influences the rotational and translational motions of ions in imide-based ionic liquids, more than fluorination and mass.
Laser induced oxidation Raman spectroscopy as an analysis tool for iridium-based oxygen evolution catalysts
Authors: Speer Sebastian , Jovanovic Sven , Merlen Alexandre , Bartoli Francesco , Kiran Kiran , Wolf Niklas , Karl André , Jodat Eva , Eichel Rüdiger-A.
Published: January 2025

Laser induced oxidation Raman spectroscopy was demonstrated to differentiate between iridium particle sizes and is sensitive to chemical changes in an iridium-based oxygen evolution catalyst.
Photoinduced formation of a platina-α-lactone – a carbon dioxide complex of platinum. Insights from femtosecond mid-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Bauer Markus , Post Raphaela , Domenianni Luis I. , Vöhringer Peter
Published: January 2025

The oxalate precursor, oxaliplatin, is used to generate a carbon dioxide complex of platinum – a species, which can be regarded as a metalla-α-lactone.
Phase transition and superconductivity of selenium under pressure
Authors: Zuo Enci , Chen Yingying , Jiang Gang , Zhao Liang , Du Jiguang
Published: January 2025

Four selenium structures with P3121, C2/m, R3̄m, and Im3̄m symmetries have been proposed in high pressure conditions, particularly the successful revelation of a novel unprecedented monoclinic relative symmetric structure C2/m.
Disruption of a potential disulfide bond of Cys65–Cys141 on the structure and stability of globin X from zebrafish
Authors: Pan Aiqun , Liu Xichun , Han Hui , Gao Shu-Qin , Lin Ying-Wu
Published: January 2025

Removal of the disulfide bond of Cys65–Cys14 in a newly discovered globin X was shown to alter the heme coordination state and protein reactivity, highlighting the critical role of the disulfide bond.
A comprehensive mechanistic investigation of sustainable carbene N–H insertion catalyzed by engineered His-ligated heme proteins
Authors: Khade Rahul L. , Adukure Ronald Daisuke , Zhao Xinyi , Wang Carolyn , Fasan Rudi , Zhang Yong
Published: January 2025

Calculations provide the first comprehensive mechanistic study of carbene N–H insertion for His-ligated heme biocatalysts, as validated via new experiments.
Optimising digital twin laboratories with conversational AIs: enhancing immersive training and simulation through virtual reality
Authors: Taylor Mae V. , Muwaffak Zaid , Penny Matthew R. , Szulc Blanka R. , Brown Steven , Merritt Andy , Hilton Stephen T.
Published: January 2025

Lab experts available 24/7: integration of intelligent conversational AI avatars into VR-based digital twin laboratories provides access to experts with 95% accuracy in real-world information recall, enabling seamless support for lab workflows.
Uncovering the role of the Cr dopant in RuO2 in highly efficient acid water oxidation
Authors: Liu Hui , Li Maolin , Zhang Zhizhao , Li Ying , Hao Qiuyan , Liang Limin , Zhang Wen
Published: January 2025

A Ru-based catalyst with excellent activity and stability was prepared by the hydrothermal method and annealing.
Preparation and preclinical evaluation of 68Ga-labeled alendronate analogs for diagnosis of bone metastases
Authors: Lin Yixiang , Pan Yuan , Zhang Jinglin , Zhou Bo , Hou Guihua , Gao Feng
Published: January 2025

Among three newly prepared radiotracers, [68Ga]Ga-AABP3 exhibited high bone/non-bone ratios, and could specifically identify bone metastasis lesions in PET imaging, indicating the potential of diagnosis for bone metastasis foci.
Earth-abundant transition metal complexes in light-emitting electrochemical cells: successes, challenges and perspectives
Authors: Giobbio Ginevra , Costa Rubén D. , Gaillard Sylvain
Published: January 2025

A journey on Earth abundant transition metal complexes as emiters for Light-emitting Electrochemical Cells.
Surface decorated metal carbonyl clusters: bridging organometallic molecular clusters and atomically precise ligated nanoclusters
Authors: Cesari Cristiana , Femoni Cristina , Forti Francesca , Iapalucci Maria Carmela , Scorzoni Giorgia , Zacchini Stefano
Published: January 2025

Surface decorated metal carbonyl clusters consisting of a metal carbonyl core decorated by metal–ligand fragments or composed of a naked metal core decorated by metal-carbonyl fragments are described and compared to other ligated nanoclusters.
Modular perovskite-BiVO4 artificial leaves towards syngas synthesis on a m2 scale
Authors: Andrei Virgil , Chiang Yu-Hsien , Rahaman Motiar , Anaya Miguel , Kang Taeheon , Ruggeri Edoardo , Stranks Samuel D. , Reisner Erwin
Published: January 2025

Thermal evaporation enables the scalable production of 10 cm2 perovskite-BiVO4 artificial leaves for unassisted syngas synthesis. A 10 × 10 device array has been demonstrated outdoors in a 0.35 m2 reactor for the EIC Horizon Prize “Fuel from the Sun”.
Neighboring effects of single-atom cobalt enable high-performance CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Yan Wenkai , Zhang Yajun , Dong Guojun , Bi Yingpu
Published: January 2025

A facile strategy has been reported for anchoring Co single atoms on BiOCl nanosheets to enable efficient CO2 photoreduction, and the neighboring effect of single-atom cobalt has been clarified by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Modification of Ganoderma lucidum spore shells into probiotic carriers: selective loading and colonic delivery of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and effective therapy of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Liao Ning , Wang Juan , Liu Guanwen , Li Yinghui , Xu Fengqin , Xu Keyi , Shi Dingyu , Shao Dongyan , Jiang Chunmei , Shi Junling
Published: January 2025

The developed carriers have the significance in the improvement of intestinal delivery efficiency and the therapeutic effects of probiotics on IBD.
Geometry of obstructed pathway regulates upstream navigational pattern of sperm population
Authors: Karimi Ali , Yaghoobi Mohammad , Abbaspourrad Alireza
Published: January 2025

Navigation of bovine sperm through obstructed pathways is restricted by tapered barriers with 90° angles but enhanced by 20% by slightly tapered barriers. Sperm cooperation, while passing through a tapered pathway, was also observed.
Diesel soot oxidation over Mn–Pr–Ce oxide catalysts: structural changes and the impact of Mn doping
Authors: Patil Sunaina S. , Dasari Hari Prasad , Shirasangi Rahulkumar , Dasari Harshini
Published: January 2025

The soot oxidation activity of manganese-doped ceria-praseodymium catalysts, synthesized via solution combustion synthesis, was evaluated.
Reactivity of gaseous PtO2 and RhO2 with LaNiO3 thin films: a systematic XPS study
Authors: Hessevik Julie , Sønsteby Henrik H. , Fjellvåg Helmer , Sjåstad Anja O.
Published: January 2025

The reactivity between volatile platinum and rhodium gas species with bulk oxide materials offers a promising method for capturing noble metals in industrial processes.
Deploying nucleic acids-loaded plant-derived exosomes as green nano gadget in cancer gene therapy
Authors: Fawzy Marola Paula , Hassan Hatem A. F. M. , Amin Muhammad Umair , Preis Eduard , Bakowsky Udo , Fahmy Sherif Ashraf
Published: January 2025

The pursuit of effective drug delivery systems is critical in advancing cancer therapies, particularly in the realms of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy.
Preparation of Pt/Co(OH)2–NiO/C catalysts and their electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol
Authors: Liao Mengyin , Wang Chao , Zhang Xuanhua , Luan Chao , Xu Wenyuan , He ZhongYi
Published: January 2025

Novel Pt/Co(OH)2–NiO/C catalysts based on carbon black were successfully synthesized using the hydrazine hydrate reduction method and galvanic replacement strategies.
Copper doping in perovskite oxide: a novel route to high-performance oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Zahra Rida , Kumar Abhinav , Gouadria Soumaya , Chandra Subhash , R Roopashree , Sharma RSK , Pathak Piyus Kumar , Chaudhary Rahul Raj , Mishra Vijayalaxmi
Published: January 2025

The growing demand for electrocatalysts with excellent electrochemical properties and environment friendly characteristics is driving research on water-splitting to generate sustainable hydrogen energy resources.
Single atom alloys aggregation in the presence of ligands
Authors: Salem Maya , Mpourmpakis Giannis
Published: January 2025

First principles calculations combined with machine learning reveal the key factors affecting the thermodynamic stability of single atom alloys in the presence and absence of surface ligands.
Enhancing NiS performance: Na-doping for advanced photocatalytic and electrocatalytic applications
Authors: Dileepkumar V. G. , Pahra Swapna , López-Salas Nieves , Basavaraja B. M. , Khan Afaq Ahmad , Sumanth N. , Devi Pooja , Santosh M. S.
Published: January 2025

Alkali metal doping is a new and promising approach to enhance the photo/electrocatalytic activity of NiS-based catalyst systems.
Three-step alkylaminomethylative α,β-difunctionalization of enones
Authors: Buev Evgeny M. , Moshkin Vladimir S. , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Y.
Published: January 2025

The application of pyrrolidines as key intermediates in the diastereoselective α,β-difunctionalization of electron-deficient alkenes with alkylaminomethyl and heteromethyl moieties.
Anticancer benzimidazole derivatives as inhibitors of epigenetic targets: a review article
Authors: Wagih Nardin , Abdel-Rahman Islam M. , El-Koussi Nawal A. , El-Din A. Abuo-Rahma Gamal
Published: January 2025

Benzimidazoles as anticancer epigenetic factors.
Application of novel silica stabilized on a covalent triazine framework as a highly efficient heterogeneous and recyclable catalyst in the effective green synthesis of porphyrins
Authors: Kharazmi Azin , Ghorbani-Vaghei Ramin , Khazaei Ardeshir , Karakaya Idris , Karimi-Nami Rahman
Published: January 2025

In this study, we present the design, synthesis, and utilization of a covalent triazine framework (CTF) as an innovative catalyst for porphyrins synthesis.
Fluorescent nanodiamond scintillators for beam diagnostics of EUV and soft X-ray in photolithographic applications
Authors: Hui Yuen Yung , Ho Chen-Yu , Yang Teng-I. , Huang Tzu-Ping , Cheng Bing-Ming , Lee Yin-Yu , Chang Huan-Cheng
Published: January 2025

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography is a key technology in modern semiconductor chip manufacturing. fluorescent nanodiamonds enable precise EUV beam diagnostics, ensuring accurate intensity profiles and high lithography quality.
Synthesis of shape-tunable PbZrTiO3 nanocrystals with lattice variations for piezoelectric energy harvesting and human motion detection
Authors: Chuang Ya-Ju , Pal Arnab , Chen Bo-Hao , Jena Satyaranjan , Suresh Sreerag , Lin Zong-Hong , Huang Michael H.
Published: January 2025

PbZrTiO3 cubes and cuboids show bulk and surface layer lattice variations, leading to dielectric constant, piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and pyroelectric response differences. The fabricated sensors can distinguish different exercise activities.
Affinity-based covalent sialyltransferase probes enabled by ligand-directed chemistry
Authors: Ong Jun Yang , Alvarado-Melendez Erianna I. , Maliepaard Joshua C. L. , Reiding Karli R. , Wennekes Tom
Published: January 2025

Ligand-directed chemistry (LDchem) sialyltransferases (ST) probes with an O-nitrobenzoxadiazole warhead enable selective fluorescent labelling of a wide range of recombinant STs and native lipooligosaccharide ST (Lst) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Crystalline/amorphous Co3(PO4)2–MoO3−x/NF heterojunction synergistically improves overall water-splitting kinetics
Authors: Chen Yi , Wang Hui
Published: January 2025

Designing and constructing highly efficient, cost-effective, and durable non-precious metal bifunctional catalysts remains a challenge.
The effect of selective surface interaction on polymer phase separation with explicit polydispersity during polymerization
Authors: Jeong Hyeonmin , Gu Junsi , Mwasame Paul , Patankar Kshitish , Yu Decai , Sing Charles E.
Published: January 2025

Computational models show how surface-induced phase separation can be affected by polymerization kinetics and the distribution of molecular weight in polymer blends.
Boundaries and cross-linking densities modulate domain sizes of polydomain nematic elastomers
Authors: Ohzono Takuya , Katoh Kaoru , Uchida Nariya
Published: January 2025

The tangible effects of the interfaces and cross-linking density on the domain size of the polydomain structures of nematic liquid crystal elastomers were explored.
Photocatalytic performance of Y2Ti2O5S2 prepared via carbon disulfide sulfurization
Authors: Lin Lihua , Li Qin , Kanazawa Yuzuki , Kanie Kiyoshi , Nakabayashi Mamiko , Gu Chen , Lu Daling , Hisatomi Takashi , Takata Tsuyoshi , Domen Kazunari
Published: January 2025

The Y2Ti2O5S2 have been prepared by using carbon disulfide (CS2) as a sulfurizing reagent in the presence of a flux, which represents a new approach to the synthesis of oxysulfide photocatalysts in a manner that may be suitable for mass production.
Nitrogen doped carbon dots for in vitro intracellular redox modulation via optical stimulation
Authors: Lagonegro P. , Marzuoli C. , Tullii G. , Rossi F. , Bellacanzone C. , Mancinelli E. , Turco F. , Squeo B. M. , Pasini M. , Antognazza M. R.
Published: January 2025

Carbon dots (CDs) are promising candidates as oxygen photosensitizers, in cancer therapeutic applications due to their high quantum yield, superior chemical and photostability, low cytotoxicity and ease of chemical functionalization/tuning.
Advances in adhesion of microneedles for bioengineering
Authors: Gu Zhen , Song Kaiyu , An Heng , Sun Dadi , Ma Yinglei , Wang Hanyu , Chen Yanxia , Gu Qi , Wen Yongqiang
Published: January 2025

Microneedles require robust adhesion to perform well in challenging environments. Advanced adhesion mechanisms enable specialized designs, ensuring comfort and effectiveness for diverse medical and therapeutic applications.
Research on high thermal conductivity PPENK/PVP modified BN electrospinning hot-pressed multifunctional nanocomposite films
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Zong Lishuai , Wang Yuhang , Ding Zichun , Liu Runze , Wang Jinyan , Jian Xigao , Wang Chenghao
Published: January 2025

Design and construction of PPENK/MBN composite films with ‘wafer biscuits’ structure.
Defect passivation of SnO2 doped with 2-FN for high-performance perovskite detectors
Authors: Lu Zuhuan , Wang Yukun , Zhang Jing , Du Xujianeng , Sun Wenhong
Published: January 2025

Tin dioxide (SnO2) is a widely used electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite detectors, and optimizing the ETL is a common strategy to enhance detector performance.
A 2D Te/Mxene Schottky junction for a self-powered broadband photodetector with high polarization-sensitive imaging
Authors: Yu Pingping , Kong Yuqing , Yu Xiaotian , Wan Xi , Cao Fa , Jiang Yanfeng
Published: January 2025

The 2D Te/Mxene Schottky junction for self-powered broadband photodetector with high polarization-sensitive imaging, showing high responsivity and specific detectivity, switching ratio, anisotropy ratio of 4.
The continued evolution of the L2 cephalosporinase in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a key driver of beta-lactam resistance
Authors: Sapula Sylvia A. , Wang Yu , Hart Bradley J. , Whittall Jonathan J. , Venter Henrietta
Published: January 2025

The Stenotrophomonas maltophilia L2 cephalosporinase is one of two beta-lactamases that afford S. maltophilia beta-lactam resistance. With the overuse of beta-lactams, selective pressures have contributed to the evolution of these proteins, generating proteins with an extended spectrum of activity. Variant L2 cephalosporinases have been detected, as has their distribution into two main clades (clades 1 and 2). Comprehensive analysis of six L2 variants, cloned into pET41a(+) and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells, revealed that clade 1 variants exhibited higher ceftazidime resistance compared to clade 2. Notably, the Sm5341 L2 variant, carrying a Phe72Ile variation, displayed a significantly reduced resistance profile across all substrates tested, suggesting a key role of Phe72 in enzymatic activity. An Ile72Phe substitution in the pET41a(+) based Sm5341_L2 variant resulted in a gain-of-function for this protein, confirming the role of Phe72 in the activity of L2. Furthermore, residue interaction network analysis elucidated a pi–cation interaction between Tyr272 and Arg244, which may potentially be stabilizing the enzyme and its binding site. The presence of Tyr272 in clade 1 variants correlates with higher ceftazidime affinity, contrasting Asp272 in clade 2 variants. Displaying lower Km values and higher kcat/Km ratios, clade 1 L2 enzymes demonstrated a higher binding efficiency and greater catalytic efficiency for most of the substrates assessed. These results indicate that L2 enzymes are continuing to evolve and adapt to a selective environment fuelled by the overuse of beta-lactams. This adaptation may signal the beginning of an evolutionary process yielding variant L2 cephalosporinases with extended substrate profiles.
Impact of cellulose degradation on space charge dynamics and dielectric properties of Kraft paper impregnated with ester liquid in comparison with mineral oil
Authors: Alshehawy Abdelrahman M. , Matharage Shanika , Wang Zhongdong
Published: January 2025

Applying environmentally friendly ester liquids in high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) converter transformers is a technological ambition that requires research on their performance under DC voltages. This paper researched ester liquid‐impregnated Kraft paper through experimentally investigating space charges and dielectric properties under HVDC fields. The study focused mainly on the influence of cellulose degradation. Hence, Kraft papers of different degree of polymerisation impregnated with fresh ester liquid and fresh mineral oil were tested, and their space charges, electric field distortion, conductivity and permittivity were evaluated. Strong correlations were found between these parameters. Electric field distortion in fresh ester liquid‐impregnated paper (ELIP) was higher than that in fresh mineral oil‐impregnated paper (MOIP) but remained almost constant with paper‐ageing. However, electric field distortion increased noticeably in MOIP with paper‐ageing and became higher than that in ELIP. Thus, electric field distortion resulted from space charges and conductivity mismatch under new and ageing conditions must be considered in designing the insulation systems of converter transformers.
Identification of construction materials in Pakistan: A comparative study of typical and green materials
Authors: Hussain Iqra , Waleed Qazi Muhammad , Khan Fakhre Alam , Ahmad Naveed , Yazdan Fazli , Ullah Zahid
Published: January 2025

This research article highlights the pressing demand for sustainable construction techniques in Pakistan's building sector as it significantly contributes to CO2 emissions, exacerbating environmental challenges. Unlike previous studies, this study uses a newly created life cycle assessment tool for comparing standard building methods to green alternatives, emphasizing cost and carbon impact. Green materials may require a more substantial initial investment, yet they offer significant long‐term benefits such as decreased CO2 emissions and cost savings. The study underlines the necessity of employing eco‐friendly techniques in Pakistan's building sector to mitigate the detrimental effects and enhance sustainability.
Depolarization and polarization transfer rates for the C2 (X1 Σ+g, a 3Πu) + H(2S1/2) collisions in the solar photosphere
Authors: Qutub S. , Kalugina Y. N. , Derouich M.
Published: January 2025

Context. This paper is a continuation of a series of studies that investigated the collisional depolarization of solar molecular lines such as those of MgH, CN and C2. It is focused on the solar molecule C2, which exhibits striking scattering polarization profiles, although its intensity profiles are inconspicuous and barely visible. The current interpretation of the C2 polarization in terms of magnetic fields is incomplete because collisional data are almost completely lacking.

Aims. We accurately compute the collisional depolarization and polarization transfer rates for the C2(X1Σg+,α3Πu) by isotropic collisions with hydrogen atoms H (2S l/2). We also investigate the solar implications of our findings.

Methods. We used the package MOLPRO to obtain potential energy surfaces for the electronic states X1Σg+ and a3Πu of C2, and the code MOLSCAT to study the quantum dynamics of the C2(X1Σg+,α3Πu) + H(2S1/2) systems. We used the tensorial irreducible basis to express the resulting collisional cross sections and rates. Furthermore, sophisticated genetic programming techniques were employed to determine analytical expressions for the temperature and total molecular angular momentum dependence of these collisional rates.

Results. We obtained quantum depolarization and polarization transfer rates for the C2(X1Σg+,α3Πu) + H(2S1/2) collisions in the temperature range T = 2000−15 000 K. We also determined analytical expressions that write these rates as functions of the temperature and total molecular angular momentum. In addition, we show that isotropic collisions with neutral hydrogen can only partially depolarize the lower state of the C2 lines. This highlights that the approximation of neglecting lower-level polarization is limited in modeling the polarization of C2 lines.

Conclusions. Isotropic collisions with neutral hydrogen atoms are a fundamental ingredient for understanding C2 polarization.
Reality of inverse cascading in neutron star crusts
Authors: Dehman Clara , Brandenburg Axel
Published: January 2025

The braking torque that dictates the timing properties of magnetars is closely tied to the large-scale dipolar magnetic field on their surface. The formation of this field has been a topic of ongoing debate. One proposed mechanism, based on macroscopic principles, involves an inverse cascade within the neutron star’s crust. However, this phenomenon has not been observed in realistic simulations. In this study, we provide compelling evidence supporting the feasibility of the inverse cascading process in the presence of an initial helical magnetic field within realistic neutron star crusts and discuss its contribution to the amplification of the large-scale magnetic field. Our findings, derived from a systematic investigation that considers various coordinate systems, peak wavenumber positions, crustal thicknesses, magnetic boundary conditions, and magnetic Lundquist numbers, reveal that the specific geometry of the crustal domain–with its extreme aspect ratio–requires an initial peak wavenumber from small-scale structures for the inverse cascade to occur. However, this same aspect ratio confines the cascade to structures on the scale of the crust, making the formation of a large-scale dipolar surface field unlikely. Despite these limitations, the inverse cascade remains a significant factor in the magnetic field evolution within the crust and may help explain highly magnetized objects with weak surface dipolar fields, such as low-field magnetars and central compact objects.
Deep high-resolution L band spectroscopy in the β Pictoris planetary system
Authors: Janson Markus , Wehrung-Montpezat Jonas , Wehrhahn Ansgar , Brandeker Alexis , Viswanath Gayathri , Mollière Paul , Stolker Thomas
Published: January 2025

The β Pictoris system, with its two directly imaged planets β Pic b and β Pic c and its well characterised debris disk, is a prime target for detailed characterisation of young planetary systems. Here, we present high-resolution and high-contrast LM band spectroscopy with CRIRES+ of the system, primarily for the purpose of atmospheric characterisation of β Pic b. We developed methods for determining slit geometry and wavelength calibration based on telluric absorption and emission lines, as well as methods for point spread function (PSF) modelling and subtraction, and artificial planet injection, in order to extract and characterise planet spectra at a high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and spectral fidelity. Through cross-correlation with model spectra, we detected H2O absorption for planet b in each of the 13 individual observations spanning four different spectral settings. This provides a clear confirmation of previously detected water absorption, and allowed us to derive an exquisite precision on the rotational velocity of β Pic b, υrot = 20.36 ± 0.31 km/s, which is consistent within error bars with previous determinations. We also observed a tentative H2O cross-correlation peak at the expected position and velocity of planet c; the feature is however not at a statistically significant level. Despite a higher sensitivity to SiO than earlier studies, we do not confirm a tentative SiO feature previously reported for planet b. When combining data from different epochs and different observing modes for the strong H2O feature of planet b, we find that the S/N grows considerably faster when sets of different spectral settings are combined, compared to when multiple data sets of the same spectral setting are combined. This implies that maximising spectral coverage is often more important than maximising integration depth when investigating exoplanetary atmospheres using cross-correlation techniques.
Repeated injections of isovaline lead to analgesic tolerance and
cross-tolerance to salicylate but not to morphine in male mice
Authors: Moghimian Maryam , Nazari-Motlagh Reza , Alavi-Kakhki Seyed Sajjad , Ghaffari Mahdi Khorsand , Akbari Elham , Fani Masoumeh , Sadegh Mehdi , Gholami Masoumeh
Published: January 2025

Tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of opioids is a major concern. Studies
have shown that chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) causes
significant tolerance and cross-tolerance to morphine. Chronic NSAIDs use can
increase the risk of certain diseases, such as peptic ulcers, and exacerbate
others, like heart failure. Therefore, developing novel pharmacological
approaches could provide considerable benefits for chronic therapeutic
procedures. Isovaline with a chemical structure similar to glycine and GABA
induce a significant analgesic effect through GABA-B receptors. In this study,
we investigated the impact of both short-term and long-term use of isovaline on
the immediate response to pain, as well as the development of analgesic
tolerance through daily injection (i.p.) of isovaline (100 mg/kg) for 5 days in
male Balb/c mice. Additionally, on day 6, we examined the potential for
cross-tolerance between isovaline and sodium salicylate (300 mg/kg) or morphine
(5 mg/kg). The findings showed that isovaline injection resulted in a delayed
onset of analgesic effect, a lowered peak effect, and less cumulative pain
relief compared with sodium salicylate and morphine. This analgesic effect
gradually decreased over the five days of isovaline injection. When sodium
salicylate was injected into isovaline-tolerant mice, the antinociceptive effect
decreased, suggesting cross-tolerance to sodium salicylate. However, no such
tolerance was observed following morphine injection. Accordingly, it seems that
chronic isovaline may interact with the sodium salicylate analgesic pathway but
not with morphine.
US multicenter outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage with lumen-apposing metal stents for acute cholecystitis
Authors: David Yakira , Kakked Gaurav , Confer Bradley , Shah Ruchit , Khara Harshit , Diehl David L , Krafft Matthew Richard , Shah-Khan Sardar M , Nasr John Y , Benias Petros , Trindade Arvind , Muniraj Thiruvengadam , Aslanian Harry , Chahal Prabhleen , Rodriguez John , Adler Douglas G , Dubroff Jason , De Latour Rabi , Tzimas Demetrios , Khanna Lauren , Haber Gregory , Goodman Adam J , Hoerter Nicholas , Pandey Nishi , Bakhit Mena , Kowalski Thomas E. , Loren David , Chiang Austin , Schlachterman Alexander , Nieto Jose , Deshmukh Ameya , Ichkhanian Yervant , Khashab Mouen A. , El Halabi Maan , Kwon Richard S. , Prabhu Anoop , Hernandez-Lara Ariosto , Storm Andrew , Berzin Tyler M. , Poneros John , Sethi Amrita , Gonda Tamas A , Kushnir Vladimir , Cosgrove Natalie , Mullady Daniel , Al-Shahrani Abdullah , D'Souza Lionel , Buscaglia Jonathan , Bucobo Juan Carlos , Rolston Vineet , Kedia Prashant , Kasmin Franklin , Nagula Satish , Kumta Nikhil A , DiMaio Christopher
Published: January 2025

EUS-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) using lumen apposing metal stents (LAMS) has excellent technical and short-term clinical success for acute cholecystitis (AC). The goals of this study were to determine the long-term clinical outcomes and adverse events (AEs) of EUS-GBD with LAMS.

A multicenter, retrospective study was conducted at 18 US tertiary care institutions. Inclusion criteria: any AC patient with attempted EUS-GBD with LAMS and minimum 30-day post-procedure follow-up. Long-term clinical success was defined as absence of recurrent acute cholecystitis (RAC) > 30 days and long-term AE was defined as occurring > 30 days from the index procedure.

A total of 109 patients were included. Technical success was achieved in 108 of 109 (99.1%) and initial clinical success in 106 of 109 (97.2%). Long-term clinical success was achieved in 98 of 109 (89.9%) over a median follow-up of 140 days (range 30–1188). On multivariable analysis (MVA), acalculous cholecystitis (odds ratio [OR] 15.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–208.52, P = 0.04) and the occurrence of a LAMS-specific AE (OR 63.60, 95% CI 5.08–799.29, P <0.01) were associated with RAC. AEs occurred in 38 of 109 patients (34.9%) at any time, and in 10 of 109 (9.17%) > 30 days from the index procedure. Most long-term AEs (7 of 109; 6.42%) were LAMS-specific. No technical or clinical factors were associated with occurrence of AEs. LAMS were removed in 24 of 109 patients (22%). There was no difference in RAC or AEs whether LAMS was removed or not.

EUS-GBD with LAMS has a high rate of long-term clinical success and modest AE rates in patients with AC and is a reasonable destination therapy for high-risk surgical candidates.
WEE1 Inhibition by AZD1775 Augments Colorectal Cancer Cells
Susceptibility to VE-822-induced DNA Damage and Apoptosis
Authors: Mihanfar Ainaz , Asghari Faezeh , Majidinia Maryam
Published: January 2025

WEE1 is a key tyrosine kinase involved in the cell cycle regulation with
potent anticancer effects in various cancer types including colorectal
cancer. Recent studies have focused on the potential of combinational
inhibition of Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad-3-related protein (ATR) and WEE1
in increasing apoptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, this study investigates
the effects of inhibiting WEE1, by employing AZD1775, on colorectal cancer
cellsʼ susceptibility to VE-822-induced DNA damage and apoptosis.

SW-480 and HT-29 cells were treated with AZD1775 and VE-822, alone and in
combination. MTT assay was used to assess cell proliferation and viability.
The mRNA levels of ATR, checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), WEE1, ribonucleotide
reductase (RR) catalytic subunit M1 (RRM1) and RRM2 were measured by
qRT-PCR. Cellular γ-(H2A histone family member X) H2AX levels were measured
by Western blot. Analyses were conducted using ELISA to assess
8-Oxo-2ʼ-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) levels. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and
ELISA death assays were used to assess apoptosis.

The SW-480 and HT-29 cells have low proliferation rate when treated with
VE-822 and AZD1775. The IC50 value for VE-822 was 1.3 μM and 1.6 μM in SW480
and HT-29, respectively. Also, this value for AZD1775 in SW480 was 140 nM
and in HT-29 was 185 nM. The expression levels of ATR, CHK1, WEE1, RRM1, and
RRM2 were significantly downregulated in both cell lines treated with
combination of VE-822 and AZD1775 (P<0.05). DNA damage markers, including
γ-H2AX and 8-oxo-dG were upregulated in these cells. Simultaneous treatment
with VE-822 and AZD177 increased apoptosis capacity of both cell lines.

The inhibition of WEE1 via AZD1775 potentiated the anticancer effects of ATR
inhibitor, VE-822, in combating colorectal cancer via targeting DNA
damage.
Day before late regimen vs standard split dose of low-volume PEG-CS for early morning colonoscopy: Multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pasquale Luigi , Grande Giuseppe , Zagari Rocco Maurizio , Biancheri Paolo , Pisani Antonio , Da Massa Carrara Paola , Germanà Bastianello , Ciliberto Enrico , Cengia Gianpaolo , Lamazza Antonietta , Lorenzini Patrizia , Carati Mariavittoria V , Laterza Liboria , Pigò Flavia , Picascia Desiree , Stillitano Carmelo , Pollastro Matteo , Dal Pont Elisabetta , Maraggi Stefania , Conigliaro Rita , Galloro Giuseppe
Published: January 2025

Despite lower patient adherence, the overnight split-dose (SD) intestinal preparation regimen is currently recommended for early morning colonoscopies. Using low-volume preparation, we compared performance of a “day before late” (DBL) regimen, with the whole preparation taken between 8.30 pm and midnight on the day before the endoscopic procedure vs the overnight SD regimen for colonoscopies scheduled between 8 am and 10 am.

Patients were randomized to the DBL group (n = 162) or SD group (n = 158). The SD group took the second dose 5 hours before colonoscopy. Successful bowel cleansing, defined as an overall Boston Bowel Preparation Score ≥ 3, safety, compliance and tolerability were assessed in the two groups.

The DBL regimen failed to demonstrate non-inferiority compared with the SD regimen in terms of successful bowel cleansing (DBL, 88.2 % vs SD, 98.1%, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis on colonoscopies before 9 am showed BBPS ≥ 3 rates of 94.6% and 100% in the DBL and SD groups, respectively P = 0.126). The two regimens showed similar compliance and tolerability. Compared with SD patients (25.5%), a lower proportion of DBL patients (13.9%) reported fear of incontinence during the journey to the hospital (P = 0.01).

Albeit more tolerable, the DBL regimen was less effective than the SD regimen with regard to successful bowel cleansing for colonoscopies between 8 am and 10 am. Subgroup analysis on colonoscopies scheduled before 9 am showed that the two regimens have similar efficacy, suggesting that the DBL regimen may be a valuable alternative to the SD regimen for very early morning colonoscopies.
Deconstruction at the Time of Post-Truth Politics
Authors: Pusterla Elia R.G.
Published: January 2025

Deconstructionist depiction of fictionality within the relationship between truth and sovereignty helps to understand how time relates to post-truth politics and to counter its proliferation within politics. The article connects the philosophical arguments of Jacques Derrida and Giorgio Agamben to explore the pervasive nature of post-truth within politics. Their differing conceptualisations of the place of time are both fundamentally rooted in the ontological problem of sovereignty, though they yield significantly different implications for post-truth politics. Derrida’s deconstruction of the temporal dimension in politics highlights the intricate relationship between the temporal and epistemological aspects inherent in the fictional narratives reinforced by sovereignty—narratives that fuel post-truth politics. This approach contrasts Agamben’s archaeological political theory, which reveals fictionality by subsuming sovereignty over time. This illuminates the epistemic challenges posed by post-truth politics and contends that deconstructionist epistemological standards are essential heuristics to counter the rise and proliferation of post-truth politics.
Investigation on coupling between ferro-orderings and energy harvesting properties of nickel ferrite and strontium modified barium titanate composites
Authors: Shukla Anant , Yadav Mukesh Kumar , Rout Sushree Nibedita , Pal Munendra , Asthana Saket , Kour Paramjit , Kar Manoranjan
Published: January 2025

Environment-friendly, low power-consuming magnetoelectric composites possess the interesting coupling between various ferro-order parameters and find applications in magnetic sensors, waveguides, transducers, spintronics, four-state memory devices, etc. The particulate composites (x)NiFe2O4–(1 − x)Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 were prepared using the hybrid sol-gel method using the conventional ceramic double-sintering method. The ferromagnetic nickel ferrite crystallized into a cubic crystal structure whose x-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks could be indexed to Fd3¯m space group. The ferroelectric strontium-substituted barium titanate crystallized to a tetragonal crystal structure with P4mm space group. Presence of both crystal symmetries and elemental compositions as per the proposed stoichimetry were observed from experimental results (XRD and electron microscopy techniques). Koop's phenomenological theory could be employed to explain the impedance spectra in the range of 1 kHz to 1 MHz. The effect of Maxwell–Wagner polarization and space charge polarization on the dielectric properties of composites have been observed. The Arrott plot technique successfully explains the suitability of composites for high-energy storage applications. The coupling between both ferro-orderings has been revealed from the magneto-dielectric curves and its dependency on the microstructure has been observed. The magnetocapacitance increased with the increase in NiFe2O4 composition in the (x)NiFe2O4–(1 − x)Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 composite. The 30% NiFe2O4 in (x)NiFe2O4–(1 − x)Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 composite exhibited overall better energy harvesting (η = 62.9%) and magnetodielectric properties (MC = 1.4%, MI = 20% at 1 kHz).
Convergence of Poisson point processes and of optimal transport regularization with application in variational analysis of PET reconstruction
Authors: Mauritz Marco , Wirth Benedikt
Published: January 2025

Poisson distributed measurements in inverse problems often stem from Poisson point processes that are observed through discretized or finite-resolution detectors, one of the most prominent examples being positron emission tomography (PET). These inverse problems are typically reconstructed via Bayesian methods. A natural question then is whether and how the reconstruction converges as the signal-to-noise ratio tends to infinity and how this convergence interacts with other parameters such as the detector size. In this article we carry out a corresponding variational analysis for the exemplary Bayesian reconstruction functional from [1,2], which considers dynamic PET imaging (i.e. the object to be reconstructed changes over time) and uses an optimal transport regularization.
Direct evidence of V-V dimers existing in the metallic-phase of VO2
Authors: Park Young-Woo , Hwang In-hui , Han Sang-Wook
Published: January 2025

We utilized EXAFS at the V K-edge to measure V-V distances of VO2 from 40 to 110℃. The DC resistance was simultaneously measured with EXAFS. Results showed structural and metal-insulator phase transitions at 70℃ and 75℃, respectively. Below 70℃, V-V pairs were around 2.65 Å and 3.01 Å in the insulating phase, changing to about 2.85 Å and 3.02 Å in the metallic phase, respectively. V-V dimers persisted even at 110℃. VO2 maintained the M1 phase from 40 to 110℃, with some changes in local structural properties like distances and Debye-Waller factors of atomic pairs with temperature.
Inhibitory effect of streamer discharge on the local recurrence of B16F10 melanoma tumor in mice
Authors: Ito Ryuichiro , Sumitomo Ryota , Iizawa Misa , Yanai Hideyuki , Ono Ryo
Published: January 2025

Plasma-based cancer therapy presents a novel approach to treating oncologic diseases. One promising application is post-surgical plasma treatment to reduce the risk of local recurrence after tumor resection. However, a major challenge in the post-surgical treatment using plasma is the limited experimental evidence. This study provides in vivo evidence demonstrating that streamer discharge can significantly reduce the local recurrence rate of B16F10 melanoma tumors in mice. Ten-minute treatments of tumor resection sites reduced the recurrence rate by approximately 50%. No significant abnormalities related to plasma treatment were observed throughout the experiments. The cytotoxic effect of streamer discharge was also demonstrated in vitro, where apoptosis and necrosis were observed in B16F10 cells.
Simultaneous tri-parameter surface plasmon resonance photonic crystal fiber sensor
Authors: Wang Yuan , Ge Zihui , Liu Jietao , Song Guofeng
Published: January 2025

This study presents a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) integrated with a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor that utilizes two orthogonal polarization core modes for sensing. The PCF features a thin indium tin oxide (ITO) layer on the inner channel and lower polished surface, an upper polished surface with a thin gold film, and an inner channel filled with magnetic fluid (MF) for magnetic field detection. Additionally, a temperature and refractive index sensitive material polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is placed on the lower polished surface, while the upper polished surface is designed for refractive index measurement. This multifunctional PCF-SPR sensor offers a compact and efficient solution for simultaneous detection of magnetic fields, temperature, and refractive index variations. The highest magnetic field sensitivity in the range of 0~12Oe is 11.1nm/Oe, the highest temperature sensitivity in the range of 20~400℃ is -0.5nm/℃, and the highest refractive index sensitivity in the range of 1.17~1.35μm is 1000nm/RIU. The designed sensor effectively mitigates the cross-sensitivity issues during concurrent measurements of the magnetic field, temperature, and refractive index simultaneously, presenting significant potential for applications in complex environment, including mineral resource exploration, geological and environmental assessments.