bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Important but Neglected: Job Description of Community Health Workers in the Eastern Cape: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Okafor Uchenna Benedine , Obasanjo Iyabo , Ter Goon Daniel
Published: November 2024

Introduction

The role of community health workers (CHWs) in improving health system dynamics in developed and developing countries is gaining global attention. Because they connect the community to the health system, knowing their roles is crucial. This study explores CHWs' perceptions on their job description and activities, challenges, and the relevance of their roles.

Methods

This qualitative descriptive study included 10 interviews and 13 focus groups of CHWs. A semi-structured interview guide was used. Atlas.i was used to perform thematic content analysis.

Results

CHWs educated and advocated for health issues like HIV, TB, and healthy lifestyles. CHWs experience discrimination, assault susceptibility, lack of training and skill, local dialect constraint, and distrust. CHWs believed their services were needed and valued by their communities. Overall, CHWs were satisfied with their jobs and applauded the program.

Conclusion

The findings showed that CHWs are aware of their duties and perform them with enthusiasm and commitment regardless of challenges they face, and they are appreciated by the communities they serve. Our findings have implications for enhancing CHW program practise, policies, and future research recommendations, underlining the need of addressing the issues experienced by the clients and communities they served, since this impacts the quality of their work.
Management Control System Design and Innovation: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Wijayanti Dian , Cahyadi Rino Tam
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine through a systematic review the management accounting research that focuses on the role of management control systems (MCS) in enhancing innovation within organizations. For that purpose, a total of 19 articles from publications spanning from 2000 to 2022 were selected using the keywords of management control system and innovation. The findings indicate that the Levers of Control (LoC) is the most widely studied topic. The next popular topic being examined is formal and informal control mechanisms. The aspect of innovation in that literature mainly focuses on product innovation, management and organizational innovation, and environmental innovation and sustainability. Future research can explore more the role of the MCS in the combined mechanism of LoC to encourage innovation. This paper contributes to the MCS literature by examining the suitable mechanisms affecting the success of innovation in a rapidly changing environment.  Keywords:Management Control System, Innovation, Review Literature, Levers Of Control, New Product Development
Linkage of Money Growth on Inflation and Economic Growth - Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Sipahutar Mangasa Augustinus
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study is about money growth, and its linkage on inflation and economic growth. It was found that money growth in the previous period affected by 0.1539 on changing of economic growth, inflation affected by -0.2637 on economic growth, and money growth affected changing of inflation by 1.0468. Money growth is a source of economic growth but it will then induce economic shocks stemming from inflation, then money growth must refer to normal growth. It was found that normal money growth is 16.7631%. Because deviation of money growth in a certain period from its normal growth will affect inflation and economic growth, money growth must be controlled by a small deviation from its normal growth. This method on determining normal money growth can be used as reference to Bank Indonesia in determining economic growth and inflation, and to commercial banks in determining interest rates. Keywords:Economic Growth, Inflation, Money Growth, Normal Growth of Money
ESTUDANDO FRAÇÕES
Authors: Souza Ana Caroline Lima de , Miranda Claudia Steffany da Silva , Scherer Suely
Published: November 2024

Neste artigo apresentamos um estudo sobre aprendizagem com tecnologias digitais, em especial o computador conectado a um projetor multimídia, em uma aula de Matemática. O objetivo foi o de analisar como ocorrem ciclos de ações coletivos em uma aula de matemática com uso de projetor multimídia para o ensino de adição de frações. Os dados foram produzidos em uma turma do 6º ano de uma escola da rede pública de Manaus-AM e fazem parte de uma pesquisa de doutorado em desenvolvimento. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir de estudos sobre Ciclo de Ações Coletivo e Parangolé de Ações. Como resultado deste estudo, pode-se destacar que o uso do projetor multimídia favoreceu a construção coletiva do conhecimento de estudantes da turma investigada, que externalizaram suas reflexões, decorrentes de internalizações individuais, ao vivenciarem parangolés e Ciclos de Ações Coletivos.
An Online Resource for Monitoring 24-Hour Activity in Children and Adolescents: Observational Analysis
Authors: Loo Benny Kai Guo , Toh Siao Hui , Fadzully Fadzlynn , Zainuddin Mohammad Ashik , Abu Bakar Muhammad Alif , Gao Joanne Shumin , Teo Jing Chun , Lim Ethel Jie Kai , Tan Beron Wei Zhong , Chia Michael Yong Hwa , Chua Terence Buan Kiong , Tan Kok Hian
Published: November 2024

Background

The Singapore integrated 24-hour activity guide for children and adolescents was introduced to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and diet, to enhance metabolic health and prevent noncommunicable diseases. To support the dissemination and implementation of these recommendations, a user-friendly online resource was created to help children and adolescents adopt these behaviors in Singapore.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the acceptability of the resource in the adoption of healthier lifestyle behaviors, and the change in the users’ behaviors with the use of this resource.

Methods

Participants aged 7-17 years were required to log their activity levels of the past 7 days at the beginning and at the end of a 3-month period using the browser-based online resource, including information on the duration and frequency of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), length of sedentary behavior, duration and regularity of sleep, and food portions. User satisfaction, on the length, ease of use, and relevance of the online resource, was also recorded using a 10-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics and statistical analyses, including the Wilcoxon signed rank test and McNemar test, were carried out at baseline and at the end of 3 months.

Results

A total of 46 participants were included for analysis. For physical activity, the number of days of MVPA increased from a median of 3 (IQR 2‐5) days to 4 (IQR 2‐5) days (P=.01). For sedentary behavior, the median daily average screen time decreased from 106 (IQR 60‐142.5) minutes to 90 (IQR 60‐185) minutes. For sleep, 10% (5/46) more participants met the recommended duration, and the number of days with regular sleep increased from a median of 6 (IQR 5‐7) days to 7 (IQR 5‐7) days (P=.03). For diet, there was a decrease in the portion of carbohydrates consumed from a median of 42% (IQR 30‐50) to 40% (IQR 30‐48.5; P=.03), and the number of days of water and unsweetened beverage consumption remained stable at a median of 5 days but with a higher IQR of 4‐7 days (P=.04). About 90% (39-41/46) of the participants reported that the resource was relevant and easy to use, and the rating for user satisfaction remained favorable at a median of 8 with a higher IQR of 7‐9 (P=.005).

Conclusions

The findings support the development of a dedicated resource to assist the implementation of healthy lifestyle behaviors based on the Singapore integrated 24-hour activity guide for children and adolescents. This resource received favorable ratings and its use showed the adoption of healthier behaviors, including increased physical activity and sleep, as well as decreased sedentary time and carbohydrate consumption, at the end of a 3-month period.
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy-for Life (MBCT-L) versus Stress-Reduction Psychoeducation (SRP) for the improvement of mental wellbeing in healthcare and other public sector staff: Protocol for the ‘Well at Work’ randomised controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: Nixon Elena , Patel Shireen , Patel Priya , Roe James , Nixon Neil , Sweeney Tim , Bernard Paul , Strauss Clara , Craven Michael , Malins Sam , Goodwin Robert , Astill Wright Laurence , Guo Boliang , Morriss Richard
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Recently published guidelines by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) have recommended both mindfulness-based and stress-reduction approaches as effective preventative mental wellbeing interventions for healthcare and other public sector staff at risk of poor mental health.

OBJECTIVE

This trial aims to assess the effectiveness of an increasingly implemented Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy-for Life (MBCT-L) intervention versus a routinely available Stress-Reduction Psychoeducation (SRP) intervention in reducing perceived stress and improving other mental health and work-related outcomes in national healthcare and other public sector service employees.

METHODS

The trial is a multi-site, single-blind, parallel-group, two-arm superiority Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT). Recruitment, interventions and assessments will be conducted remotely, via online digital platforms. We will recruit 260 healthcare and other public sector staff in 26 intervention groups across the UK to be delivered through existing integrated care or wellbeing hub services or other human resource staff wellbeing channels affiliated with the participating National Health Service (NHS) Trusts. Participants will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either the MBCT-L or SRP. Primary and secondary outcomes will be collected at 6, 12 and 20 weeks following randomisation. The primary outcome will be change on the Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) from baseline to 20 weeks post randomisation. Demographic, intervention-related and health economic data will also be collected. Adverse events will be recorded. Data analysis will involve multilevel modelling and will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis. A sub-study will involve online semi-structured interviews post 20 weeks randomisation with a sub-sample of participants (n=30). Transcribed data will be subjected to thematic analysis for eliciting qualitative outcomes on perceived wellbeing and work-related changes post intervention, and drivers and barriers to intervention uptake and acceptability.

RESULTS

Recruitment of participants commenced on August 29th, 2023. The target recruitment of 260 participants was reached 30th April 2024. Follow up outcome data collection was completed 30th September 2024 and data analysis is underway. Thirty qualitative interviews have been conducted.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings will be made publicly available and will inform future refinements in intervention suitability and implementation for public care staff wellbeing.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN18049845
AI-Generated Mnemonic Images Improve Long-Term Retention of Coronary Artery Occlusions in STEMI: A Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Alomar Zahraa , Guo Meize , Bland Tyler
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Medical students often face challenges in retaining complex information about coronary artery occlusions when using traditional ECG diagrams. Visual mnemonics may enhance learning by making information more memorable and easier to recall.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI)-generated mnemonic-based images overlayed on a 12-lead ECG in improving long-term retention and student preference compared to traditional ECG diagrams.

METHODS

Mnemonic images were created using DALLE-3 and refined for educational use. A comparative study was conducted with 275 first-year medical students across six campuses. Forty students in the experimental group (n=40) received lectures and mnemonic-based images, while 235 students in the control group received traditional ECG diagrams only (n=235). Exam performance was assessed using a weekly and final course exam, and student engagement was measured using the Situational Interest Survey for Multimedia (SIS-M) with a 78% response rate (n=31).

RESULTS

All control group sites showed a significant drop in successive exam scores which was not observed in the experimental group suggesting better long-term retention. Furthermore, experimental group students showed higher preference of the mnemonic images, as shown by high average scores for triggered situational interest (M = 4.685, SD = 0.432, p<.001), maintained interest (M = 4.60, SD = 0.48, p<.001), maintained-feeling interest (M = 4.459, SD = 0.616, p<.001), and maintained-value interest (M = 4.742, SD = 0.472, p=.006). Additionally, 80% of students in the experimental group preferred the mnemonic-based images over traditional ECG diagrams, indicating enhanced engagement and preference. Qualitative feedback highlighted increased impact on retention, engagement, and preference for the mnemonic images while also showing challenges related to difficulty understanding the images and timing of image presentation.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of AI-generated mnemonic images improved student engagement, retention, and interest by leveraging the strengths of visual memory aids. These findings suggest that generative AI can be a valuable tool in creating effective mnemonic-based learning resources, with the potential to enhance outcomes in medical education.
Evaluating the Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Academic Writing for Surgery and Urology: Instrument Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Heah Nathaniel Hong-En , Tzen Wei Tseng , Tzen Elyn Yo-Lin , Tay Kon Voi , Lo Zhiwen Joseph , Shum Cheuk Fan , Chow Marcus Way Lunn , Marrero Leynard Manuel , Aung Phyo , Heng Gregory Kang Ee , Maduka Ishara , Feng Juefei , Wang Zhongkai , Koong Lin Yee , Tang Serene Ee Ling , Ng Cathy Po Ching , Sim Shane Wen Hui , Tang Man Hon , Lingam Pravin , Chan Shaun Wen Yang , Cho Yuan Teng , Lee Chee Wei , Chandrasekar Sadhana , Chua Wei Chong
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) has gained rapid uptake in academic, scientific, and medical writing. While it can be helpful in summarising data and providing opinions, some studies have demonstrated limitations in accuracy and potential bias.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the accuracy of academic writing in the context of general surgery and urology topics and their suitability for use in scientific publications.

METHODS

20 subject matter experts provided 20 questions each for 9 General Surgery and Urology subspecialties. The questions were further classified into 4 categories: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical management, and surgical techniques. These questions were submitted to ChatGPT v3.5 requesting for 10 answers for each question using the following prompt “Write me 10 points on XXX, for submission to JAMA medical journal for publication, providing different reference for each point”. The primary outcomes rated by subject matter experts were: accuracy and breadth of the answers; language used in medical writing; number and accuracy of the references. Secondary outcome measured was the ability to detect AI-generated text using Giant Language-model Test Room (GLTR).

RESULTS

There were 180 questions posed to ChatGPT, with 120 General surgery (68.6%) and 60 Urology questions (31.4%). Overall accuracy of information provided in the answers was 1560/1800 (86.7%), with good overall breadth 163/180 (90.5%) and language 167/180 (92.7%). Answers provided for General Surgery were significantly more accurate than Urology (90.0% vs 79.6%, p<0.001). Only 5.5.% of references provided were true published references, with the majority being fictitious. Subgroup analysis showed a statistical difference in accuracy between the 4 categories of epidemiology (402/405, 89.3%), pathophysiology (404/450, 89.8%), clinical management (387/450, 86.0%), and surgical techniques (370/450, 82.2%) questions (p<0.001). For the secondary outcomes, frac(p) was 0.994, indicating that almost all statements were identified to be AI generated.

CONCLUSIONS

While the information provided in ChatGPT is accurate with sufficient breadth and with appropriate medical academic language, its quotation of fictitious references limits its use for academic writing.
After One Year, Where are Large Language Models Headed: A Thematic Analysis using Bibliometric Methodology (Preprint)
Authors: Bernstein Ethan , Ramsamooj Anya , Miller Kelsey Leann , Lum Zachary C
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Since the release of ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs), there has been a significant increase in academic publications exploring their capabilities and implications across various fields, such as Medicine, Education, and Technology.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify the most influential academic works on LLMs published in the past year, categorize their research types and thematic focuses, within different professional fields. The study also evaluates the ability of AI tools, such as ChatGPT, to accurately classify academic research.

METHODS

We conducted a bibliometric analysis using Clarivate’s Web of Science (WOS) to extract the top 100 most cited articles on LLMs. Articles were manually categorized by field, journal, author, and research type. ChatGPT-4 was used to generate categorizations for the same articles, and its performance was compared to human classifications. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the prevalence of research fields and to evaluate the accuracy of AI-generated classifications.

RESULTS

Medicine emerged as the predominant field among the top-cited articles, accounting for 43%, followed by Education (26%) and Technology (15%). Medical literature primarily focused on clinical applications of LLMs, limitations of AI in healthcare, and the role of AI in medical education. In Education, research was centered around ethical concerns and potential applications of AI for teaching and learning. ChatGPT demonstrated high concordance with human reviewers, achieving an agreement rating of 86% for research types and 92% for fields of study.

CONCLUSIONS

While LLMs like ChatGPT exhibit considerable potential in aiding research categorization, human oversight remains essential to address issues such as hallucinations, outdated information, and biases in AI-generated outputs. This study highlights the transformative potential of LLMs across multiple sectors and emphasizes the importance of continuous ethical evaluation and iterative improvement of AI systems to maximize their benefits while minimizing risks.
A country-wise comparative analysis of the role of containment policies, vaccination strategies, and virus variants in the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe (Preprint)
Authors: Rancati Simone , Nicora Giovanna , Parimbelli Enea , Salemi Marco , Bellazzi Riccardo , Pala Daniele
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a catastrophic event caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has endangered the entire world population for about three years, upsetting several aspects of public health, economics, and society, with some effects still visible today. The virus rapid spread was initially countered with containment policies aimed at reducing personal interactions and increasing health resources. Recent research on which policies were the most effective to optimize the prevention strategies and improve preparedness for possible future epidemics showed, although with some common findings, that the relationship between containment policies and epidemiological indicators can vary depending on the geographic area considered.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aim to assess the complex interplay between containment policies, epidemiological variables, vaccines and variants throughout the entire pandemic, providing a framework that enlightens the complex dynamics that characterized the link between epidemiology and public health in several European countries. This framework can also serve as a tool for public health policy management in case of future epidemics.

METHODS

To analyze the complex interplay between containment policies, epidemiological variables, vaccines and variants, we used a vector autoregressive mixed-effect model on data collected throughout the entire pandemic time span in nine European countries: Spain, France, The Netherlands, Latvia, Slovenia, Greece, Ireland, Cyprus, Estonia. We apply this model on weekly data to create a global description of the pandemic in each one of the three years of its duration, providing both a global and a country-wise analyses.

RESULTS

The interplay between the epidemiological situation and the policy stringency changed significantly over the course of the pandemic. The number of hospitalizations was the most associated variable for policy making at first, but it gradually left the spotlight to the number of new cases as vaccinations increased and new variants, characterized by higher infectivity but lower hospitalization rates, emerged. All vaccine doses are associated with a reduction of new cases and hospitalizations. However, we found only the second vaccine dose to be associated with policy stringency; finally, no virus variant was found associated with policy stringency. Small differences could be noticed across different countries.

CONCLUSIONS

Through the application of our model we extract insights on the complex inter-dependencies that were generated across different variables during the COVID-19 pandemic. We provide a framework that can be applied to improve the policy making process in case of future epidemics, considering both the global and the local dimension.
Empowerment amidst turmoil: The impact of protest participation against the 2023 Israeli judicial reform on individual perceived threats and self-efficacy (Preprint)
Authors: Gesser-Edelsburg Anat , Hijazi Rana , Eliyahu Ester , Cohen Ricky
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Protests serve as a powerful catalyst for transformations, where collective influence can lead to significant personal changes. Collective action can strengthen empowerment and collective self-efficacy in facing threats. This aligns with WHO's definition of health promotion as “enabling people to increase control over and improve their health”. Collective action can act as a mechanism for promoting mental health and well-being by providing a sense of agency and belonging.

OBJECTIVE

This research investigates the impact of protest participation on individual well-being in Israel during the 2023 judicial reform, focusing on self-efficacy and perceived threats.

METHODS

Using a cross-sectional online survey with 570 participants, the study examines the psychological dimensions of civic engagement and activism.

RESULTS

The study found that higher perceived threats significantly motivated individuals to participate in protests. Older age was associated with increased protest participation. Exposure to verbal violence in social media significantly increased protest. Participation in protests was found to enhance perceived self-efficacy, reinforcing the individual's belief in their ability to effect change. A higher rate of protest activity was found among individuals actively pursuing emigration, driven by intrinsic motivations and personal values. Contrary to initial expectations, participants who personally experienced verbal or police violence were less likely to cease participating in protests.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings underscore the importance of considering the psychological dimensions of civic engagement, particularly in socio-political crises. In conclusion, promoting activism and collective action can serve as a valuable public health strategy to enhance mental health and resilience, supporting individuals and communities in navigating challenging times.
Pemanfaatan Literasi Digital Dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas Motorik Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK)
Authors: Alfirah Alfirah , Gustiana Zelvi
Published: November 2024

ABK's motor creativity is said to be good if they are in the right environment, surrounded by people who understand their special needs, both in terms of assisting, guiding and supporting no matter how small they do. Collaboration of digital learning and conventional creativity is one of the strategies developed by HSBE academically/non-academicly. The reading literacy ability of ABK is quite good in understanding writing, pictures, colors but due to verbal limitations it seems difficult to speak and not yet fluent in reading. The need for digital literacy for children with special needs in the form of visual art comics in the form of visualization of picture story books and visualization of digital fairy tales is quite influential in improving the motor skills of children with special needs. The computer science program was attended by ABK grades 2 and 3 because they were already able to operate basic computer systems. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method involving teachers, parents and children with special needs as a sample. The results of this study concluded that 2 children with special needs: 1ADHD – GAP (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and 1ASD – RRF (Autism Spectrum Disorder) have very low ratings in utilizing digital media compared to 3 other children with special needs so that they require extra assistance and learning media
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES REGARDING CHATBOTS AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: REGINA ROY  , ANIKET  , FAZULU RAHIMAN  , VIJAYAMATHY
Published: November 2024

Objective: (1) Primary: Determine healthcare professionals’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to AI Chatbots. (2) Secondary: Assess healthcare professionals’ perspectives on using Chatbots as teaching tools and implementing them in the Competency-Based Medical Education curriculum.
Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed to 132 health professionals, including faculty and CRMIs, through Google Forms. Data on artificial intelligence (AI)-related KAP and barriers were collected following IHEC approval. The KAP scores, along with the relationship between categorical variables – such as population type and the use of AI Chatbots – were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.
Results: The study revealed that participants had a moderate level of knowledge about AI Chatbots. Attitudes were mixed, with some skepticism about AI replacing human teachers but also recognition of its benefits. Most participants infrequently used AI Chatbots in their daily activities. Barriers to usage included lack of knowledge, limited access, time constraints, and curriculum gaps.
Conclusion: This study underscored the need to enhance medical education with AI topics and address existing barriers. It is crucial to better prepare health professionals for AI integration to leverage AI’s potential for improving patient care and training.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH HEMORRHAGIC VERSUS ISCHEMIC STROKE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: SAGAR MK  , MADHUSUDAN J  , RAVI BN
Published: November 2024

Objective: Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide resulting from either an ischemic insult or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain. It not only leads to significant physical disability but also imposes emotional and economic burdens on patients and their families. Assessing the lipid profile in stroke patients is crucial, especially in ischemic stroke, where dyslipidemia plays a key role in atherosclerosis development. Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) are important modifiable risk factors, and managing these can reduce the incidence and recurrence of strokes. Comprehensive lipid management should be a core component of stroke prevention and treatment strategies.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which 80 adult stroke patients (40 ischemic and 40 hemorrhagic strokes) were included on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The diagnosis of stroke was made on the basis of imaging and neurological examination. A comprehensive medical history, physical measurements (including body mass index), and lipid profiles (total cholesterol [TC], LDL, High-density lipoprotein [HDL], and TG) were recorded for all participants. Blood samples were taken after overnight fasting to ensure accuracy. Statistical analysis using SPSS version 21.0 compared lipid levels between the groups. An unpaired t-test and Chi-square test were used, with significance defined as a p<0.05.
Results: There was a significant difference in lipid profiles between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. Ischemic stroke patients had markedly higher levels of LDL with a mean of 129.84±36.54 mg/dL compared to 106.32±26.68 mg/dL in hemorrhagic stroke patients (p=0.0015). TC levels were also significantly elevated in ischemic stroke patients, averaging 236.22±56.26 mg/dL versus 196.48±46.24 mg/dL in hemorrhagic stroke patients (p=0.0009). Total TG were higher in ischemic stroke patients (158.54±44.68 mg/dL) compared to hemorrhagic stroke patients (128.62±39.16 mg/dL, p=0.0021). HDL levels were slightly lower in ischemic stroke patients (34.54±8.26 mg/dL) compared to hemorrhagic stroke patients (38.12±9.12 mg/dL), although this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.0696).
Conclusion: There were significant differences in lipid profiles between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. Ischemic stroke patients had higher levels of LDL, TC, and TG, indicating a stronger association with dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. These findings highlight the importance of aggressive lipid management in ischemic stroke patients to reduce recurrence risk and improve outcomes.
Migración y sostenibilidad local en la Región de Antofagasta
Authors: González-Pizarro José Antonio , Dehays-Rocha Jorge
Published: November 2024

La migración internacional se ha constituido en la última década en un tema de interés regional por la complejidad en torno a los ingresos irregulares masivos y a la inseguridad que ha envuelto la vida cotidiana urbana. En este marco, la migración desde la perspectiva del desarrollo sostenible convenido por Chile en la Agenda 2030 plantea importantes desafíos, toda vez que los distintos indicadores han mostrado un progreso desigual en la población de Antofagasta. Sin embargo, la integración de los extranjeros en la sociedad regional, controlando percepciones desfavorables desde distintos sectores, constituye la única vía de hallar elementos que posibiliten adelantar la agenda indicada, con un progreso social y económico, sumado a valores interculturales de naciones que forman parte importante del continente latinoamericano. No solo es atisbar un potencial demográfico, imprescindible para las políticas públicas que se están debatiendo sobre trabajo, pensiones y educación, sino encontrar una consolidación de la región y, especialmente, de la ciudad de Antofagasta, de llegar a ser un territorio cosmopolita, donde la inmigración encierra la clave de su propia fundación y desenvolvimiento minero de la región en una perspectiva histórica.
Decentralized Voting Application Using Blockchain
Authors: Waikar Rahul
Published: November 2024

The emergence of blockchain technology has paved the way for innovative solutions in various domains, particularly in enhancing democratic processes. This research paper presents the design, development, and evaluation of a Web3 blockchain decentralized voting application (DAPP) built using React JS for frontend development and Solidity for smart contract implementation. The objective of this study is to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of employing blockchain technology to create a secure, transparent, and decentralized voting system. The proposed DAPP leverages the immutability and transparency features of blockchain technology to ensure the integrity of the voting process. Smart contracts coded in Solidity are utilized to execute the voting mechanism, ensuring tamper-proof recording and tallying of votes. React JS, a popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces, is employed to develop an intuitive and user-friendly frontend interface, enhancing accessibility and usability for voters. Key aspects addressed in this research include the architecture of the DAPP, the design of smart contracts for voting logic, integration of React JS components for frontend development, and security considerations to prevent vulnerabilities and attacks. Additionally, the paper discusses the implications of decentralized voting systems on democracy, including increased trust, transparency, and participation.
IOT Based Distance Measuring Robot
Authors: Ray Mr. Arjun
Published: November 2024

The paper describes the development of a distance measurement system that uses ultrasonic waves and is interfaced with a microcontroller module ATmega328P and the ATMega 16U2 Processor. We know that the human audible range is 20 Hz to 20 kHz. We can use these frequency range waves with an ultrasonic sensor. The advantages of this sensor are that when it is connected to an Arduino, which is a control and sensing system, a pro per distance measurement can be done using new methodologies. As vast sums of money are spent on hundreds of inflexible circuit boards, the Arduino will enable businesses to introduce many more unique items. This distance measurement system has a wide range of industrial applications, including range meters and proximity detectors. The ultrasonic sensor's hardware is interfaced with the Arduino. This method of measurement is an effective way to accurately measure small distances. The distance between an obstruction and the sensor is measured using an ultrasonic sensor. After knowing the speed of sound, the distance can be computed. In this project, The Bluetooth sensor receives a code from the Arduino app, and the Arduino operates in accordance with the code. Additionally, an ultrasonic sensor is utilized, which transmits an ultrasonic wave towards the object. When the ultrasonic wave returns after hitting the item, the transmitter detects the obstacle's distance and displays it on the LCD in centimeters. Using the ESP32 camera module, the user may log in to a specific IP address and see the object from a remote location while also controlling the robot.
Artificial Intelligence for Modern Business
Authors: Melveetil Visakh Chandran
Published: November 2024

Over the course of human history, we have experienced various transformations that have altered how we conduct business in the real world. In the age of Industry 4.0, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a crucial asset, enabling businesses to attain market competitiveness. This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of AI and its impact on different types of businesses. Although AI is revolutionary in many aspects, it necessitates several considerations before an organization can adopt this capability. Therefore, the article comprehensively analyzes how AI influences modern businesses by examining their real-world operations.
Blood Group Detection Using Fingerprint Images
Authors: Waykule Vidya
Published: November 2024

Blood group detection is a crusial aspect of medical diagnostics, widely used in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and prenatal care. Traditional blood typing methods require blood samples and reagents, which can be invasive, timeconsuming, and costly. This research proposes a novel, non-invasive approach to identify blood group using fingerprint analysis. By using Cutting-edge techniques for image processing , we analyse unique fingerprint patterns and identify specific features linked to blood types. Our methodology incorporates image enhancement, Extracting data attributes and employing learning algorithms to classify blood groups accurately. We are planning to optimize and check the performance of the model on a robust dataset, achieving promising correctness and performance in blood group prediction. This technique holds promise to redefine blood typing processes, providing a rapid, cost-effective, and accessible solution for various medical applications, particularly in remote or resource-limited areas. Further improvements in accuracy through larger datasets and advanced algorithms could establish fingerprint-based blood group detection as a viable alternative to conventional methods.
AIGraphy: Image to Advetisement
Authors: Mallick Piyush
Published: November 2024

Since e-commerce is growing so quickly, excellent product photography is now crucial for High-quality product photography has become crucial for influencing consumer purchasing decisions as e-commerce has grown rapidly. Traditional photography techniques, however, are frequently expensive and time-consuming, which prevents small firms from using them and makes them difficult for larger corporations with dynamic product catalogues. This study investigates the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) models to improve and automate product photography, providing a scalable and reasonably priced substitute. Using three essential models: ControlNet for regulated image alteration, Stable Diffusion with inpainting capabilities for backdrop generation, and Segment Anything Model (SAM) for accurate segmentation. According to our research, AI-driven product photography is a feasible answer to the demands of contemporary e-commerce since it can generate excellent images on par with conventional techniques. Our research shows that AI-driven product photography can create images of the same caliber as conventional techniques, which makes it a good option for today's e-commerce requirements. Establishing the groundwork for future research into automated, AI-based product photography and its potential to transform the production of visual content in online retail is the goal of this project.
Alhajas de oro y perlas: Tipos y usos en Pasto, Barbacoas y Túquerres (1770-1851)
Authors: Zarama Rincón Rosa Isabel
Published: November 2024

Las joyas de oro, perlas y otras gemas elaboradas entre 1770 y 1851 encierran una historia fascinante en el territorio comprendido entre Pasto, Barbacoas, Túquerres y otras poblaciones. En esta región, una valiosa y milenaria tradición orfebre nació en la época prehispánica y se prolongó siglos después gracias a los hábiles plateros, a las abundantes minas de oro, y a que se proveyó de Spondylus, perlas o esmeraldas, a través de las redes comerciales. Estas alhajas, imprescindibles y valiosas, fueron usadas en mayor o menor cantidad por todos los grupos étnicos. Aunque, a diferencia de la comida o la vivienda, no son bienes primordiales, su importancia simbólica, social y económica resulta fundamental para comprender con mayor profundidad las sociedades objeto de este estudio. Desde la historia de los objetos, Rosa Isabel Zarama describe en detalle las formas de las joyas y los diversos usos que se les dieron: como mercancía, moneda y accesorios. Lleva a cabo este análisis desde varias perspectivas, porque cada alhaja elaborada a mano sintetiza una historia única en donde confluyen el interés de las personas propietarias, metales, diseños, modas, tipos, habilidades de los plateros y las trayectorias que vivieron, entre otros temas. En este contexto, este libro se constituye en un agradable recorrido, además de un aporte pionero desde la joyería civil, fundamental para continuar la construcción de conocimientos sobre estos preciados objetos en la historia colombiana.
Demonisation of Gods: the Impact of Christian Dualism upon Turco-Mongol and Finno-Ugrian Religious Mythologies
Authors: Gridneva M.
Published: November 2024

This article deals with the problem of the influence of dualistic religions over non-dualistic ones. The main point of the author is that each non-dualistic religion contains some difficult and complex characters who are venerated as guardian gods but who could be easily demonised under the influence of the dualistic worldviews. The reason for such demonisation is a relative simplicity of dualism that explains everything in the categories as ‘ Good’ and ‘ Evil’ that do not exist in non-dualistic religions. Therefore, as the author argues, dualistic religion always affects the non-dualistic one when they meet. The research takes the example of Turco-Mongol and Finno-Ugrian mythologies, and the author observes characters of such gods as Erlik and Keremet before and after they were affected by the Christian narrative.
Identity and Conversion in the Muslim Community of Germany. Review of: Ryazanova, E. F. (2023) Nemtsy-musul’mane v sovremennoi Germanii. Kto oni? [Muslim Germans in Modern Germany. Who Are They?] M.: Sadra. — 184 p.
Authors: Ustyantsev H.
Published: November 2024

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The Armenian Church: a Support of Separatism or an Ally of the Christian Empire? Analysis of Russian Right-wing Conservative Journalism of the 2nd Half of the 19th — Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Ambartsumov I.
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the most significant texts of Russian right-wing publicists of the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries concerning the Armenian-Gregorian Church. Conservative authors, starting with Mikhail Katkov, expressed dissatisfaction with the independent position of the Armenian Catholicos. In right-wing journalism at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the Armenian-Gregorian Church was characterized as the basis of Armenian separatism. The most prominent exponent of this view was Vasily Velichko. Another author, Mikhail Menshikov, made sharp attacks against the Armenian church and people, but in 1912 he suddenly declared Russia’s duty to support the Armenians referring to Christian solidarity. The change in the position of Menshikov and some other moderate rightwing authors could, in the author’s opinion, be explained by trying to be in line with the government policy that gradually became more loyal towards the Armenians in the early 1910s.
Adapting Islam: The Evolution of Muslim Brotherhood Ideals in European Context
Authors: Barseghyan H. , Kocharyan H.
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to explore the mechanisms employed by the Muslim Brotherhood, within the framework of Islamic jurisprudence, to rationalize the presence of Muslims in Europe and to provide answers to the problems and issues they face. To achieve this, the article will concentrate on the perspectives of two prominent Islamic jurists from the Muslim Brotherhood milieu, Yusuf al-Qaradawi and Taha Jabir al- Alwani. They played crucial roles in addressing emerging questions surrounding the presence of Muslims in European societies, starting from the permissibility for Muslims to live in Europe to everyday issues and concerns. By examining the Muslim Brotherhood’s stance in the matter of Muslim presence and integration in Europe, the article seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the dynamic interplay between the Muslim Brotherhood and the socio-political landscape of Europe.
leitura da leitura
Authors: De Souza Alves Mariana
Published: November 2024

Apresenta uma resenha crítica do capítulo Uma leitura da leitura crítica do livro Criticidade e leitura: ensaios. Destaca seus principais pontos e tece relações em diálogo com outras autorias.
Processos, produtos e instrumentos de tratamento temático da informação na perspectiva discente
Authors: Oliveira Lais Pereira de , Félix Nascimento Wállery
Published: November 2024

Aborda o tratamento temático da informação na perspectiva discente. Objetiva traçar um panorama de como os alunos veem o ensino do tratamento temático da informação e sua aplicação no mercado de trabalho. Busca apresentar uma visão mais ampla acerca do tema e incitar o olhar para o caráter formativo praticado nessa dimensão fundamental em organização da informação. Constitui pesquisa descritiva de natureza quali-quantitativa, desenvolvida sob o método do estudo de caso mediante aplicação de questionário online aos alunos do curso de Biblioteconomia da Universidade Federal de Goiás, egressos das disciplinas da área de tratamento temático da informação. Os resultados indicam que os processos de tratamento temático da informação são grandemente assimilados pelos discentes, sobretudo a classificação bibliográfica, assim como os sistemas de classificação, surgem como o instrumento melhor compreendido e a notação classificatória como o produto de melhor entendimento via ensino praticado no eixo temático.
Perspectivas da bibioteca e do bibliotecário na década de 1980
Authors: Tanus Gabrielle Francinne de S.C , Silva Bianca Vitória
Published: November 2024

A pesquisa tem como foco a discussão de dois conceitos centrais para a Biblioteconomia que é o de biblioteca e de bibliotecário. Como fonte de análise dos discursos utilizamos a Revista da Escola de Biblioteconomia da UFMG, e os artigos selecionados vinculados, particularmente, à década de 1980. Quanto aos objetivos a pesquisa se caracteriza como exploratória, qualitativa e utiliza o método bibliográfico, pois se baseia na mobilização e na leitura dos artigos publicados na referida revista. A década selecionada possui diversos discursos relacionados às bibliotecas e aos bibliotecários, sobretudo, à biblioteca pública que foi amplamente discutida neste período, do mesmo modo que a importância e a função social do bibliotecário. Foram encontrados também artigos que revelavam a preocupação com o ensino da Biblioteconomia, controle bibliográfico, automação, a importância do usuário, das cooperações (constituição de redes, empréstimos entre bibliotecas), acervos de materiais audiovisuais, não convencionais e planejamento de bibliotecas. Podemos dizer que há uma presença do pensamento crítico em vários artigos que revelam o quanto é prejudicial o modelo fechado/burocrático da biblioteca, a apatia dos bibliotecários, a absorção de normas, padrões, serviços institucionalizados sem reflexões sobre a comunidade e as dimensões política, cultural, econômica que são traços distintivos da realidade brasileira. A pesquisa tem como foco a discussão de dois conceitos centrais para a Biblioteconomia que é o de biblioteca e de bibliotecário. Como fonte de análise dos discursos utilizamos a Revista da Escola de Biblioteconomia da UFMG, e os artigos selecionados vinculados, particularmente, à década de 1980. Quanto aos objetivos a pesquisa se caracteriza como exploratória, qualitativa e utiliza o método bibliográfico, pois se baseia na mobilização e na leitura dos artigos publicados na referida revista. A década selecionada possui diversos discursos relacionados às bibliotecas e aos bibliotecários, sobretudo, à biblioteca pública que foi amplamente discutida neste período, do mesmo modo que a importância e a função social do bibliotecário. Foram encontrados também artigos que revelavam a preocupação com o ensino da Biblioteconomia, controle bibliográfico, automação, a importância do usuário, das cooperações (constituição de redes, empréstimos entre bibliotecas), acervos de materiais audiovisuais, não convencionais e planejamento de bibliotecas. Podemos dizer que há uma presença do pensamento crítico em vários artigos que revelam o quanto é prejudicial o modelo fechado/burocrático da biblioteca, a apatia dos bibliotecários, a absorção de normas, padrões, serviços institucionalizados sem reflexões sobre a comunidade e as dimensões política, cultural, econômica que são traços distintivos da realidade brasileira.