bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antiracist Applied Linguistics, Marxian utopian, and Infra Politics
Authors: Sugiharto Setiono
Published: August 2022

The notion of (anti) racism in applied linguistics has hitherto been feverishly accentuated and animated, making it the buzzword du jour in the field.  Drawing their works from the insights generated mainly from postcolonial studies, applied linguists have become eager to resuscitate this notion, often implicitly averring that racism has long been insidiously penetrating in the field and surreptitiously operating under the so-called raciolinguistic ideologies. It is these ideologies that are alleged to perpetuate, and even to further the hegemony of White supremacy and empire, eventually giving rise to racial inequalities and racial hierarchies. The antiracism movement, it has been asserted, needs to be enacted. This article will argue that the fervent pronouncement of linguistic racism, and of antiracist movement in applied linguistics may amount to both political mystification and conceptual obfuscation of racial inequalities and racial hierarchies. Moreover, professing and even providing evidence of the existence of racism without accounting for the critiques of its intellectual basis, to which the idea of antiracism is affiliated and irrevocably rooted, is such an avant-garde endeavor that the notion masks the very fundamentals of humans as social and political beings. In the end, the article provides examples of how the so-called “racialized subjects” subvert their identities as a manifestation of doing infra politics.
Mediating Role of Organizational Innovation in the Relationship between Human Resources Management Strategies and Organizational Performance Empirical Evidence from Iraq
Authors: JABBAR Zandi , PATIR Sait
Published: August 2022

This research aims to build a model that explores the mediating role of organizational innovation in the relationship between human resources management strategies (HRMS) and organizational performance based on empirical data obtained from managers and employees working for the branches of investment boards in northern Iraq. The quantitative research method was used, and the research methodology was aimed to develop the relationship and influence between the model structures. The research hypotheses were examined using partial least squares path modeling based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings showed direct and indirect relationships between research constructs. Results showed that human resources management strategies positively and significantly related to organizational innovation and organizational performance. Organizational innovation becomes a necessity, particularly when organizations want to improve their performance and maintain competitiveness. Organizations can focus on all their human elements through innovation in human resources and thus improve organizational performance. In addition, the results presented that organizational innovation is positively and significantly related to enhancing organizational performance. The current research will contribute to enhancing the literature by representing that organizational innovation mediates the relationship between HRMS and organizational performance. Furthermore, results showed that organizational innovation partially mediated the relationship between HRMS and organizational performance.
THE RELATIONS BETWEEN FEAR OF COVID-19, ANXIETY OF DEATH, AND MEANING OF LIFE AMONG NURSING STUDENTS
Authors: YİĞİTALP Gülhan , GÜMÜŞ Funda
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aim of the study was to determine the effects of socio-demographic factors on fear of COVID-19, death anxiety, and meaning of life among nursing students, and to explain the relations between fear of COVID-19, death anxiety, and meaning of life. The study was conducted with 262 students on 7-27 October 2020 in a descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional design. According to the correlation analysis, a moderate and positive relationship was detected between Fear of COVID-19 Scale (CFS) and Turkish Death Anxiety Scale (TDAS) total score and subscale scores. The mean age of the students who participated in the study was found to be 20.63±2.31, 64.1% were female. It was found that 29% of the students had sleep problems in this period, and 7.6% were diagnosed with COVID-19, and 85.9% of themhad their close friends and relatives diagnosed with COVID-19. The majority of the students (n=16) who were diagnosed with COVID-19 passed this process under quarantine at home without treatment, 59.2% of them stated that someone in their close circle had a positive COVID-19 test, and 31.7% lost a relative due to COVID-19. The model that was created in the multiple linear regression analysis which was made to determine the effects of TDAS and Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ) on CFS was found to be statistically significant (F:54.91, p
Pneumatophores and crab burrows increase CO2 and CH4 emission from sediments in two Brazilian fringe mangrove forests
Authors: Kristensen E , Valdemarsen T , Moraes PC , Güth AZ , Sumida PYG , Quintana CO
Published: August 2022

We assessed the release of greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) from air-exposed sediments and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from inundated sediments in 2 Brazilian mangrove forests. Our focus was on the impact of biogenic structures, i.e. pneumatophores and crab burrows, on greenhouse gas emissions. Emission of CO2 from air-exposed bare sediment (111-156 and 57-148 mmol m-2 d-1 in darkness and in light, respectively) was comparable to DIC release from inundated sediment (122-158 and 52-62 mmol m-2 d-1, respectively). Pneumatophores and crab burrows increased dark CO2 emission during air exposure by 113-123 and 49-91%, respectively. CH4 emission from air-exposed bare sediment (0.22-0.25 mmol m-2 d-1) was increased 92-137 and 288-607%, respectively, by pneumatophores and burrows. Carbon loss in the form of CO2 and DIC from sediments with biogenic structures can at the two study locations be extrapolated to 64.1 and 71.0 mol C m-2 yr-1. These values fit well with literature values of litterfall in the studied area, providing carbon accretion of 28.5 and 21.6 mol C m-2 yr-1. However, the budget will be unbalanced if the role of biogenic structures is not considered. In the presence of biogenic structures, CH4 emissions of 2.8 and 3.3 mol C m-2 yr-1 (when converted to CO2 units) will partly (10-15%) counteract the climate mitigation effect of the accumulated carbon. Carbon budgets in mangrove sediments may therefore be flawed if the contribution of biogenic structures to greenhouse gas emissions is ignored.
A TILING APPROACH TO FIBONACCI p-NUMBERS
Authors: TAŞYURDU Yasemin , CENGİZ Berke
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we introduce tiling representations of Fibonacci p-numbers, which are generalizations of the well-known Fibonacci and Narayana numbers, and generalized in the distance sense. We obtain Fibonacci p-numbers count the number of distinct ways to tile a 1 × n board using various 1 × r, r-ominoes from r = 1 up to r = p + 1. Moreover, the product identities and sum formulas of these numbers with special subscripts are given by tiling interpretations that allow the derivation of their properties.
Case Study on the sports Facilities: Naharpur Public Secondary School and Glory English Private Secondary School of Butwal Sub -Metropolitan City.
Authors: Paudyal Tika Ram , Rijal Nimananda
Published: August 2022

There are 95 Schools in the Butwal Sub-Metro Politian city. Private schools have found less land occupancy and Public schools is having comparatively more land for sports. 81 percent viewed sports could be developed as a career for the students. Sports administration is well structured in the school system. The students and teachers are also divided into houses. In the indoor game, chase, and table tennis were found more attractive to the students, and volleyball in the public school. 63.3 viewed a lack of adequate sports facilities in the school. The schools need to prepare a sports development strategic plan with an action plan with a financing mechanism. Schools should have a close link with LGs. Gymnastic sports should be implemented in all schools and they should be trained properly from the early grades. School should prepare adequate sports facilities in order to develop the all-round personality of the students.
GAMBARAN KEMATIAN BAYI DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI SELATAN TAHUN 2019
Authors: Fatimatusshabrina, Meldawati, Zulliati Fatimatusshabrina, Meldawati, Zulliati
Published: August 2022

ABSTRAKÂ Latar Belakang: Angka kematian bayi di Indonesia masih tinggi dari negara ASEAN lainnya, Target SDGs global, Angka Kematian Neonatal menjadi kurang dari 12 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup pada 2030.Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kematian bayi di wilayah kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan tahun 2019Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan data sekunder. Populasi dan sampel adalah seluruh bayi meninggal di Wilayah Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan Tahun 2019 berjumlah 82 kasus kematianHasil: Faktor Kematian Bayi adalah BBLR umur 0-28 hari 41 kasus, asfiksia umur 0-28 hari 10 kasus, sepsis umur 0-28 hari 2 kasus, kelainan bawaan umur 0-28 hari 6 kasus, diare umur 29 hari-11 bulan 2 kasus, jantung umur 0-6 hari 1 kasus, jantung umur 29 hari-11 bulan 1 kasus, aspirasi umur 29 hariâ€“11 bulan 2 kasus, febris umur 0-6 hari 1 kasus kematian bayi, febris umur 7-28 hari sebanyak 1 kasus, febris umur 29 hari-11 bulan 2 kasus, prematur umur 0-6 hari 5 kasus, prematur umur 29 hari-11 bulan 3 kasus, trauma lahir umur 0-6 hari 1 kasus, SIDS umur 7-28 hari 1 kasus dan SIDS umur 29 hari -11 bulan 3 kasus.Simpulan: Faktor yang mempengaruhi kematian bayi adalah berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR), asfiksia, sepsis, kelainan bawaan, diare, jantung, aspirasi, febris, premature, trauma lahir, dan Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).Â Kata Kunci: Kematian bayi.Â
HUBUNGAN INISIASI MENYUSUI DINI (IMD) DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI PADA IBU PASCASALIN 1 BULAN DI RSUD PULANG PISAU
Authors: Kristiawati Melinda , Ulfa Ika Mardiatul , Rahmawati Dwi
Published: August 2022

Latar Belakang: Keberhasilan menyusui dua bulan pertama sangat dipengaruhi oleh pelaksanaan IMD. Pada dasarnya praktik pemberian ASI pada bayi dipengaruhi oleh gaya hidup. Sekitar 60% ibu memberikan ASI setelah melahirkan, namun berhenti dalam minggu pertama.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan inisiasi menyusui dini (IMD) dengan pemberian ASI pada Ibu pascasalin 1 bulan di RSUD Pulang PisauMetode: Jenis penelitian analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study. PopulasiÂ  adalah ibu Pascasalin 1 bulan di RSUD Pulang Pisau dengan jumlah sampel 35 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariate dan bivariate dengan menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square.Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD) dengan pemberian ASI pada Ibu Â pascasalin 1 bulan di RSUD Pulang Pisau Tahun 2020. Oleh sebab itu, tenaga kesehatan harus selalu menerapkan praktik IMD selama â‰¥ 1 jam segera setelah bayi lahir, dan juga memberikan edukasi dan motivasi kepada ibu dalam memberikan ASI saja tanpa susu formula agar dapat meningkatkan cakupan pemberian ASI Ekslusif di di RSUD Pulang Pisau.Â Kata Kunci: Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD) dan Pemberian AsiÂ Background: The success of breastfeeding in the first two months is greatly influenced by the implementation of Early Breastfeeding Initiation. Basically, the practice of giving breast milk to babies is influenced by lifestyle. About 60% of mothers give breast milk after giving birth, but it stops in the first weekObjective: To determine the relationship between early breastfeeding initiation and breastfeeding for mothers after one month of delivery at Pulang Pisau HospitalMethods: The type of research used in this study was analytic with a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study were one-month postpartum mothers at Pulang Pisau Hospital, who were recorded in September and October with a total sample of 35 respondents, and the sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data analysis in this study was carried out by univariate and bivariate using the Chi-Square test.Conclusion: There is a relationship between Early Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding for mothers after 1 month. Therefore, health workers must always apply the practice of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding for â‰¥ 1 hour immediately after the baby is born and also provide education and motivation to mothers in giving only breastmilk without formula milk in order to increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Pulang Pisau Hospital..Keywords: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding
FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHIKELENGKAPAN IMUNISASI DASAR PADA BAYI :LITERATUR REVIEW
Authors: Rif'ah Rif'ah , Ulfa Ika Mardiatul , Iswandari Novita Dewi
Published: August 2022

Latar belakang:: Imunisasi dasar merupakan imunisasi yang wajib diberikan pada bayi dan anak sejak lahir agar tubuhnya terlindung dari penyakit-penyakit yang berbahaya. Berdasarkan profil kesehatan di puskesmas martapura 1 tentang cakupan imunisasi didapatkan hasil bahwa 71% bayi yang imunisasinya tidak lengkap.Tujuan:Mengidentifikasifaktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayi.Metode : Menggunakan pendekatan studiÂ literatureÂ dengan kata kunci faktor pengetahuan, pendidikan, sikap, pekerjaan yang menjadi latarbelakang ketidaklengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayi.Hasil : Hasil daritelaah 20 literatur tentang faktor yang mempengaruhi kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayi terdiri dari faktor pengetahuan, sikap, pendidikan, pekerjaan, fasilitas kesehatan dan dukungan keluarga. Tetapi terdapat 4 literature yang tidak sejalan dengan faktor pendidikan, sikap, pengetahuan dan pekerjaantentangkelengkapanimunisasidasar pada bayi.Simpulan : Hasil penelitian tentang ketepatan pemberian imunisasi dasar pada bayimenunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden tidak sesuai jadwal dalam pemberian imunisasiKata Kunci:Imunisasi dasar pada bayi, Pengetahuan, Pekerjaan, Pendidikan, SikapÂ Introduction:Â Basic immunization is an immunization that must be given to babies and children from birth so that their bodies are protected from dangerous diseases. Based on the health profile at the Martapura 1 Public Health Center regarding immunization coverage, it was found that 71% of infants had incomplete immunization.Objective: To identify the factors that influence the completeness of basic immunization in infants.Methods: Using a literature study approach with the keywords knowledge, education, attitudes, and occupation factors which are the background of the incompleteness of basic immunization in infants.Results: The results of a review of 20 literature on factors affecting the completeness of basic immunization in infants consist of factors of knowledge, attitudes, education, occupation, health facilities, and family support. However, there are 4 kinds of literature that are not in line with educational, attitudes, knowledge, and occupational factors regarding the completeness of basic immunization in infants.Â Conclusion: The results of the study on the accuracy of providing basic immunization to infants show that most respondents did not comply with the schedule in giving immunizationsÂ Keywords: basic immunization in infants, knowledge, work, education, attitudesÂ
BAWANG PUTIH SEBAGAI SALAH SATU TERAPI KOMPLEMENTER PENDAMPING DALAM UPAYA PENGOBATAN KANKER PAYUDARA: LITERATUR REVIEW
Authors: Amalia Dini , Suhartati Susanti , Hidayah Nurul
Published: August 2022

AbstrakLatar Belakang: Kanker merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama di dunia dimana kanker payudara menempati urutan pertama jenis kanker paling membunuh bagi perempuan termasuk perempuan di Indonesia. Penanganan penyakit kanker membutuhkan berbagai terapi yang tidak lepas dari efek samping seperti rambut rontok, resistensi obat dan lain-lain. Oleh karena itu, dengan adanya terapi komplementer diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu upaya pengobatan penyakit kanker yang salah satunya adalah menggunakan tanaman herbal dalam hal ini adalah bawang putih.Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui manfaat Bawang Putih sebagai salah satu terapi komplementer pendamping dalam upaya pengobatan kanker payudara melalui literatur review.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur dengan dengan pendekatan literatur reviewKesimpulan : Bawang Putih memiliki berbagai zat yang dapat berperan sebagai terapi pendamping dalam pengobatan kanker payudara.Kata Kunci : Bawang Putih, Terapi Kanker, Kanker Payudara.Â ABSTRACTÂ Background: Cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world where breast cancer is the first type of cancer that kills women, including women in Indonesia. Treating cancer requires a variety of therapies that cannot be separated from side effects such as hair loss, drug resistance and others. Therefore, the complementary therapy is expected to be one of the efforts to treat cancer, one of which is using herbal plants, in this case garlic.Purpose: This study aims to determine the benefits of garlic as a complementary therapy in the treatment of breast cancer through a literature review.Methods: This study aims to determine the benefits of garlic as a complementary therapy in the treatment of breast cancer through a literature review.Conclusion: Garlic has various substances that can act as a companion therapy in the treatment of breast cancer.Â Keywords: Garliv, Cancer Therapy, Breast Cancer.
The complex role of kininogens in hereditary angioedema
Authors: Kaplan Allen P. , Joseph Kusumam , Ghebrehiwet Berhane
Published: August 2022

Human high molecular weight kininogen (HK) is the substrate from which bradykinin is released as a result of activation of the plasma “contact” system, a cascade that includes the intrinsic coagulation pathway, and a fibrinolytic pathway leading to the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. Its distinction from low molecular weight kininogen (LK) was first made clear in studies of bovine plasma. While early studies did suggest two kininogens in human plasma also, their distinction became clear when plasma deficient in HK or both HK and LK were discovered. The light chain of HK is distinct and has the site of interaction with negatively charged surfaces (domain 5) plus a 6th domain that binds either prekallikrein or factor XI. HK is a cofactor for multiple enzymatic reactions that relate to the light chain binding properties. It augments the rate of conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein and is essential for the activation of factor XI. It indirectly augments the “feedback” activation of factor XII by plasma kallikrein. Thus, HK deficiency has abnormalities of intrinsic coagulation and fibrinolysis akin to that of factor XII deficiency in addition to the inability to produce bradykinin by factor XII-dependent reactions. The contact cascade binds to vascular endothelial cells and HK is a critical binding factor with binding sites within domains 3 and 5. Prekallikrein (or factor XI) is attached to HK and is brought to the surface. The endothelial cell also secretes proteins that interact with the HK-prekallikrein complex resulting in kallikrein formation. These have been identified to be heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90) and prolylcarboxypeptidase. Cell release of urokinase plasminogen activator stimulates fibrinolysis. There are now 6 types of HAE with normal C1 inhibitors. One of them has a mutated kininogen but the mechanism for overproduction (presumed) of bradykinin has not yet been determined. A second has a mutation involving sulfation of proteoglycans which may lead to augmented bradykinin formation employing the cell surface reactions noted above.
Reduced Genotoxicity of Gold Nanoparticles With Protein Corona in Allium cepa
Authors: Arya Sagar S. , Rookes James E. , Cahill David M. , Lenka Sangram K.
Published: August 2022

Increased usage of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in biomedicine, biosensing, diagnostics and cosmetics has undoubtedly facilitated accidental and unintentional release of AuNPs into specific microenvironments. This is raising serious questions concerning adverse effects of AuNPs on off-target cells, tissues and/or organisms. Applications utilizing AuNPs will typically expose the nanoparticles to biological fluids such as cell serum and/or culture media, resulting in the formation of protein corona (PC) on the AuNPs. Evidence for PC altering the toxicological signatures of AuNPs is well studied in animal systems. In this report, we observed significant genotoxicity in Allium cepa root meristematic cells (an off-target bioindicator) treated with high concentrations (≥100 µg/ml) of green-synthesized vanillin capped gold nanoparticles (VAuNPs). In contrast, protein-coated VAuNPs (PC-VAuNPs) of similar concentrations had negligible genotoxic effects. This could be attributed to the change in physicochemical characteristics due to surface functionalization of proteins on VAuNPs and/or differential bioaccumulation of gold ions in root cells. High elemental gold accumulation was evident from µ-XRF mapping in VAuNPs-treated roots compared to treatment with PC-VAuNPs. These data infer that the toxicological signatures of AuNPs are influenced by the biological route that they follow to reach off-target organisms such as plants. Hence, the current findings highlight the genotoxic risk associated with AuNPs, which, due to the enhanced utility, are emerging as new pollutants. As conflicting observations on the toxicity of green-synthesized AuNPs are increasingly reported, we recommend that detailed studies are required to investigate the changes in the toxicological signatures of AuNPs, particularly before and after their interaction with biological media and systems.
Improved repair of rabbit calvarial defects with hydroxyapatite/chitosan/polycaprolactone composite scaffold-engrafted EPCs and BMSCs
Authors: Yu Hedong , Xia Lingyun , Leng Xieyuan , Chen Yongji , Zhang Li , Ni Xiaobing , Luo Jie , Leng Weidong
Published: August 2022

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) expressing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) expressing endogenous bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) play the important role in new bone formation. This study investigated the effects of a porous hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan (CS)/polycaprolactone (PCL) composite scaffold-engrafted EPCs and BMSCs on the expression of BMP-2, VEGF, and PDGF in the calvarial defect rabbit model in vivo. It showed that a three-dimensional composite scaffold was successfully constructed by physical interaction with a pore size of 250 μm. The HA/CS/PCL scaffold degraded slowly within 10 weeks and showed non-cytotoxicity. By X-ray, micro-CT examination, and H&E staining, compared with the HA/CS/PCL group, HA/CS/PCL + EPCs, HA/CS/PCL + BMSCs, and HA/CS/PCL + EPCs + BMSCs groups performed a more obvious repair effect, and the dual factor group presented particularly significant improvement on the percentages of bone volume at week 4 and week 8, with evident bone growth. Osteogenesis marker (BMP-2) and vascularization marker (VEGF and PDGF) expression in the dual factor group were much better than those of the HA/CS/PCL control group and single factor groups. Collectively, the HA/CS/PCL composite scaffold-engrafting EPCs and BMSCs is effective to repair calvarial defects by regulating endogenous expression of BMP-2, VEGF, and PDGF. Thus, this study provides important implications for the potential clinical application of biomaterial composite scaffold-engrafted engineering cells.
Effects of Clostridium beijerinckii and Medium Modifications on Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Production From Switchgrass
Authors: Olorunsogbon Tinuola , Adesanya Yinka , Atiyeh Hasan K. , Okonkwo Christopher Chukwudi , Ujor Victor Chinomso , Ezeji Thaddeus Chukwuemeka
Published: August 2022

The presence of lignocellulose-derived microbial inhibitory compounds (LDMICs) in lignocellulosic biomass (LB) hydrolysates is a barrier to efficient conversion of LB hydrolysates to fuels and chemicals by fermenting microorganisms. Results from this study provide convincing evidence regarding the effectiveness of metabolically engineered C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 for the fermentation of LB-derived hydrolysates to acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE). The engineered microbial strain (C. beijerinckii_SDR) was produced by the integration of an additional copy of a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) gene (Cbei_3904) into the chromosome of C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 wildtype, where it is controlled by the constitutive thiolase promoter. The C. beijerinckii_SDR and C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 wildtype were used for comparative fermentation of non-detoxified and detoxified hydrothermolysis-pretreated switchgrass hydrolysates (SHs) with and without (NH4)2CO3 supplementation. In the absence of (NH4)2CO3, fermentation of non-detoxified SH with C. beijerinckii_SDR resulted in the production of 3.13- and 2.25-fold greater quantities of butanol (11.21 g/L) and total ABE (20.24 g/L), respectively, than the 3.58 g/L butanol and 8.98 g/L ABE produced by C. beijerinckii_wildtype. When the non-detoxified SH was supplemented with (NH4)2CO3, concentrations were similar for butanol (9.5 compared with 9.2 g/L) and ABE (14.2 compared with 13.5 g/L) produced by C. beijerinckii_SDR and C. beijerinckii_wildtype, respectively. Furthermore, when C. beijerinckii_SDR and C. beijerinckii_wildtype were cultured in detoxified SH medium, C. beijerinckii_SDR produced 1.11- and 1.18-fold greater quantities of butanol and ABE, respectively, than when there was culturing with C. beijerinckii_wildtype. When the combined results of the present study are considered, conclusions are that the microbial strain and medium modifications of the fermentation milieu resulted in greater production of fuels and chemicals from non-detoxified LB hydrolysates.
Learning a second language via print: On the logical necessity of a fluent first language
Authors: Caldwell-Harris Catherine L. , Hoffmeister Robert J.
Published: August 2022

How Deaf children should be taught to read has long been debated. Severely or profoundly Deaf children, who face challenges in acquiring language from its spoken forms, must learn to read a language they do not speak. We refer to this as learning a language via print. How children can learn language via print is not a topic regularly studied by educators, psychologists, or language acquisition theorists. Nonetheless, Deaf children can do this. We discuss how Deaf children can learn a written language via print by mapping print words and phrases to sign language sequences. However, established, time-tested curricula for using a signed language to teach the print forms of spoken languages do not exist. We describe general principles for approaching this task, how it differs from acquiring a spoken language naturalistically, and empirical evidence that Deaf children's knowledge of a signed language facilitates and advances learning a printed language.
Identifying novel mechanisms of abdominal aortic aneurysm via unbiased proteomics and systems biology
Authors: Morgan Stephanie , Lee Lang Ho , Halu Arda , Nicolau Jessica S. , Higashi Hideyuki , Ha Anna H. , Wen Jennifer R. , Daugherty Alan , Libby Peter , Cameron Scott J. , Mix Doran , Aikawa Elena , Owens A. Phillip , Singh Sasha A. , Aikawa Masanori
Published: August 2022

Background

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), characterized by a continued expansion of the aorta, leads to rupture if not surgically repaired. Mice aid the study of disease progression and its underlying mechanisms since sequential studies of aneurysm development are not feasible in humans. The present study used unbiased proteomics and systems biology to understand the molecular relationship between the mouse models of AAA and the human disease.

Methods and results

Aortic tissues of developing and established aneurysms produced by either angiotensin II (AngII) infusion in Apoe−/− and Ldlr−/− mice or intraluminal elastase incubation in wildtype C57BL/6J mice were examined. Aortas were dissected free and separated into eight anatomical segments for proteomics in comparison to their appropriate controls. High-dimensional proteome cluster analyses identified site-specific protein signatures in the suprarenal segment for AngII-infused mice (159 for Apoe−/− and 158 for Ldlr−/−) and the infrarenal segment for elastase-incubated mice (173). Network analysis revealed a predominance of inflammatory and coagulation factors in developing aneurysms, and a predominance of fibrosis-related pathways in established aneurysms for both models. To further substantiate our discovery platform, proteomics was performed on human infrarenal aortic aneurysm tissues as well as aortic tissue collected from age-matched controls. Protein processing and inflammatory pathways, particularly neutrophil-associated inflammation, dominated the proteome of the human aneurysm abdominal tissue. Aneurysmal tissue from both mouse and human had inflammation, coagulation, and protein processing signatures, but differed in the prevalence of neutrophil-associated pathways, and erythrocyte and oxidative stress-dominated networks in the human aneurysms.

Conclusions

Identifying changes unique to each mouse model will help to contextualize model-specific findings. Focusing on shared proteins between mouse experimental models or between mouse and human tissues may help to better understand the mechanisms for AAA and establish molecular bases for novel therapies.
Virtual treatment planning in three patients with univentricular physiology using computational fluid dynamics—Pitfalls and strategies
Authors: Schafstedde Marie , Yevtushenko Pavlo , Nordmeyer Sarah , Kramer Peter , Schleiger Anastasia , Solowjowa Natalia , Berger Felix , Photiadis Joachim , Mykychak Yaroslav , Cho Mi-Young , Ovroutski Stanislav , Kuehne Titus , Brüning Jan
Published: August 2022

Background

Uneven hepatic venous blood flow distribution (HFD) to the pulmonary arteries is hypothesized to be responsible for the development of intrapulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM) in patients with univentricular physiology. Thus, achieving uniform distribution of hepatic blood flow is considered favorable. However, no established method for the prediction of the post-interventional hemodynamics currently exists. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) offers the possibility to quantify HFD in patient-specific anatomies before and after virtual treatment. In this study, we evaluated the potential benefit of CFD-assisted treatment planning.

Materials and methods

Three patients with total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) and PAVM underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and computed tomography imaging (CT). Based on this imaging data, the patient-specific anatomy was reconstructed. These patients were considered for surgery or catheter-based intervention aiming at hepatic blood flow re-routing. CFD simulations were then performed for the untreated state as well as for different surgical and interventional treatment options. These treatment options were applied as suggested by treating cardiologists and congenital heart surgeons with longstanding experience in interventional and surgical treatment of patients with univentricular physiology. HFD was quantified for all simulations to identify the most viable treatment decision regarding redistribution of hepatic blood flow.

Results

For all three patients, the complex TCPC anatomy could be reconstructed. However, due to the presence of metallic stent implants, hybrid models generated from CT as well as CMR data were required. Numerical simulation of pre-interventional HFD agreed well with angiographic assessment and physiologic considerations. One treatment option resulting in improvement of HFD was identified for each patient. In one patient follow-up data after treatment was available. Here, the virtual treatment simulation and the CMR flow measurements differed by 15%.

Conclusion

The combination of modern computational methods as well as imaging methods for assessment of patient-specific anatomy and flow might allow to optimize patient-specific therapy planning in patients with pronounced hepatic flow mismatch and PAVM. In this study, we demonstrate that these methods can also be applied in patients with complex univentricular physiology and extensive prior interventions. However, in those cases, hybrid approaches utilizing information of different image modalities may be required.
Use of intravascular ultrasound for optimal vessel sizing in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Blessing Recha , Buono Andrea , Ahoopai Majid , Geyer Martin , Knorr Maike , Brandt Moritz , Steven Sebastian , Drosos Ioannis , Muenzel Thomas , Wenzel Philip , Gori Tommaso , Dimitriadis Zisis
Published: August 2022

Aim

The aim of this study is to provide evidence on how use of standardized intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) use impacts stent size choice in the setting of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared to visual estimation.

Methods and results

Data of 82 consecutive patients who had successfully undergone IVUS-guided revascularization of CTO at the University Medical Center Mainz were analyzed. Angiography-based stent size prediction for the proximal and distal vessels was compared to the implanted stent diameter after IVUS assessment. Angiography-based stent size prediction for the proximal vessel was 3.09 ± 0.41, whereas IVUS use demonstrated larger vessel diameter, resulting in larger implanted stent diameter (3.24 ± 0.45, p < 0.001). Proximal vessel stent size prediction was underestimated in the majority of patients by angiographic estimation. Angiography-based stent size prediction for the distal vessel was 2.79 ± 0.38, whereas IVUS use demonstrated larger vessel diameter, resulting in larger implanted stent diameter (2.92 ± 0.39, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Pre-stent IVUS assessment in CTO PCI provides important information on vessel morphology and size. Angiography-based stent size prediction for the proximal and distal vessels was frequently underestimated, IVUS use demonstrated larger vessel diameter, resulting in significantly larger implanted stent diameter.
Effects of sacubitril/valsartan on life quality in chronic heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Song Yinyin , Zhao Zinan , Zhang Jingwen , Zhao Fei , Jin Pengfei
Published: August 2022

Aims

Sacubitril/valsartan has been demonstrated to have cardiovascular benefits in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of its effects on life quality in patients with CHF, in comparison with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB).

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception through March 2022 for all relevant randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of sacubitril/valsartan and ACEI/ARB on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with CHF. Two reviewers independently conducted study selection, data extraction, and assessment of bias and quality of evidence. Review Manager 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results

We included 10 clinical studies involving 10,426 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and 7,689 patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Meta-analysis results showed that, in terms of the primary outcome, the sacubitril/valsartan group was superior than the ACEI/ARB group in improving HRQoL of HFrEF, and the difference was statistically significant (SMD 1.26; 95% CI: 0.14, 2.37; p = 0.03), while there was no significant difference between the two groups in HFpEF (SMD 0.37; 95% CI: −0.35, 1.09; p = 0.32). The effect of sacubitril/valsartan on the secondary outcome of the minimal important improvement rate of HRQoL in HFrEF was consistent with the primary outcome, while the effect in HFpEF was not clear. The descriptive analysis of individual studies indicated no significant difference in the improvement of 6-min walk distance between the two groups.

Conclusion

Sacubitril/valsartan is beneficial to improve HRQoL outcome in patients with HFrEF with high quality of evidence. Compared with ACEI/ARB, sacubitril/valsartan was more effective. While in patients with HFpEF, this improvement was similar between the two groups.
Predictors of thromboembolic complications after stent-assisted coiling of acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Li Gaozhi , Xing Haixia , Mao Guohua , Cai Jing , Jin Dianshi , Tian Yujie , Zhang Xiaohua , Zhao Bing
Published: August 2022

Background

Stent-assisted coiling (SAC) has been reported to safely and effectively treat wide-necked unruptured intracranial aneurysms. However, SAC of acutely ruptured aneurysms is controversial because of perioperative thromboembolic complications. We aimed to investigate the predictors of the thromboembolic complications after SAC of acutely ruptured aneurysms.

Methods

We performed a retrospective multicenter analysis of 110 consecutive patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms treated with SAC within 72 h of the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Thromboembolic complications were defined as any angiographic filling defects at the aneurysms base or the distal artery during the stent treatment and the new onset of symptomatic ischemia and a new hypo-density in a vascular distribution confirmed by CT scan within 24 h of treatment. These patients were grouped into patients with thromboembolic complications and those without thromboembolic complications. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of thromboembolic complications.

Results

One hundred and one patients with 101 ruptured aneurysms were included in this study. 9 (8.9%) patients experienced thromboembolic complications. Patients with thromboembolic complications had a higher rate of unfavorable outcomes at discharge (P < 0.001) and at the last follow-up (p = 0.017). Of these patients, four patients presented with intraprocedural thrombus formation, and 5 experienced postprocedural ischemia. There was a trend toward thromboembolic complications in patients with a higher Fisher grade (p = 0.076) and those treated with intravenous tirofiban (p = 0.052). Patients with thromboembolic complications more often presented with poor grade clinical conditions (p = 0.005) and aneurysms with a large dome to neck ratio (p = 0.031). In the multivariate analysis, a worse World Federation World Federation of Neurological Societies (WFNS) grade (OR = 8.241; 95% CI 1.686–40.292; P = 0.009) and a larger dome to neck ratio (OR = 5.385; 95% CI 1.023–28.337; P = 0.047) were independent predictors of thromboembolic complications.

Conclusion

Patients with thromboembolic complications are more likely to have an unfavorable outcome. A worse clinical condition before the treatment and a larger dome to neck ratio were independent predictors of thromboembolic complications after SAC of acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and no standard modifiable risk factors–A DANAMI-3 substudy
Authors: Mazhar Jawad , Ekström Kathrine , Kozor Rebecca , Grieve Stuart M. , Nepper-Christensen Lars , Ahtarovski Kiril A. , Kelbæk Henning , Høfsten Dan E. , Køber Lars , Vejlstrup Niels , Vernon Stephen T. , Engstrøm Thomas , Lønborg Jacob , Figtree Gemma A.
Published: August 2022

Introduction

A higher 30-day mortality has been observed in patients with first-presentation ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who have no standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRFs), i. e., diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and current smoker. In this study, we evaluate the clinical outcomes and CMR imaging characteristics of patients with and without SMuRFs who presented with first-presentation STEMI.

Methods

Patients from the Third DANish Study of Acute Treatment of Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (DANAMI-3) with first-presentation STEMI were classified into those with no SMuRFs vs. those with at least one SMuRF.

Results

We identified 2,046 patients; 283 (14%) SMuRFless and 1,763 (86%) had >0 SMuRF. SMuRFless patients were older (66 vs. 61 years, p < 0.001) with more males (84 vs. 74%, p < 0.001), more likely to have left anterior descending artery (LAD) as the culprit artery (50 vs. 42%, p = 0.009), and poor pre-PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention) TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction) flow ≤1 (78 vs. 64%; p < 0.001). There was no difference in all-cause mortality, non-fatal reinfarction, or hospitalization for heart failure at 30 days or at long-term follow-up. CMR imaging was performed on 726 patients. SMuRFless patients had larger acute infarct size (17 vs. 13%, p = 0.04) and a smaller myocardial salvage index (42 vs. 50%, p = 0.02). These differences were attenuated when the higher LAD predominance and/or TIMI 0-1 flow were included in the model.

Conclusion

Despite no difference in 30-day mortality, SMuRFless patients had a larger infarct size and a smaller myocardial salvage index following first-presentation STEMI. This association was mediated by a larger proportion of LAD culprits and poor TIMI flow pre-PCI.

Clinical trial registration

clinicaltrials.gov, unique identifier: NCT01435408 (DANAMI 3-iPOST and DANAMI 3-DEFER) and NCT01960933 (DANAMI 3-PRIMULTI).
Clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with Takayasu arteritis coexisting with myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms: A multicenter, long-term, follow-up study
Authors: Huo Junting , Wang Bin , Yu LiJun , Gao Dewei , Cheng Rui , Wang Jiawei , Zhou Xianliang , Tian Tao , Gao Linggen
Published: August 2022

Background

The incidence of coexisting myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms in Takayasu arteritis (TA) is currently unknown. There is no standardized treatment algorithm in complex cases involving the coronary and intracranial arteries.

Objective

This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with TA coexisting with myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms.

Methods

We retrospectively collected and assessed 1,580 patients with TA, and enrolled patients with myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms from January 2002 to December 2021 in several hospitals. The incidence, clinical features, management strategy, and prognosis of these patients were evaluated.

Results

Ninety-four (5.9%, 94/1,580) patients with TA coexisting with myocardial ischemia and neurological symptoms were included in the present study. Imaging results showed that the subclavian arteries were the most frequently affected arteries and 37 patients had intracranial vascular abnormalities, comprising the basilar artery (6.1%, 17/279), middle cerebral artery (2.5%, 7/279), anterior cerebral artery (2.9%, 8/279), and posterior cerebral artery (1.9%, 5/279). Among patients with neurological symptoms, 25 patients underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and 20 patients underwent stent implantation. The most common site of stenosis was the ostial and proximal segments of the coronary artery, with 142 lesions among 188 (75.5%) lesions. Thirty-eight patients adopted interventional therapy, 21 patients underwent surgical treatment, and the remaining 35 patients received conservative treatment. There were 20 (21.27%, 20/94) late deaths during a mean follow-up of 57.79 months. The mortality rate in the conservative treatment group was significantly higher than that in the interventional therapy and surgical treatment groups.

Conclusion

Patients with TA involving both the coronary and intracranial vessels are not rare. Stenosis and occlusion lesions most frequently involve the ostia and proximal segment of the arteries. Severe vascular lesions should be revascularized as soon as possible. These patients should be supplemented with glucocorticoids, antiplatelet, nitrates, and statins.
Secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism: Predictors and outcomes of guideline adherence in a long-term prospective cohort study
Authors: Mertins Tamara , Nilius Henning , Boss Robin , Knuchel Matthias , Signorell Andri , Huber Carola A. , Blozik Eva , Kremer Hovinga Johanna Anna , Bachmann Lucas M. , Nagler Michael
Published: August 2022

Background

Prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) is considered a main goal of VTE management. However, the extent to which physicians adhere to the recommendations from evidence-based guidelines is unknown.

Aim

From a large, prospective clinical cohort, we aimed to (1) quantify the adherence of treatment recommendations to evidence-based guidelines and establish its predictors, and (2) estimate its impact on clinical outcomes and costs in patients with VTE.

Methods

We included 6'243 consecutive patients with VTE treated at the university outpatient unit. Detailed clinical characteristics and treatment recommendations were recorded. Adherence of treatment recommendations to evidence-based guidelines at risk assessment was assessed in terms of duration of anticoagulant treatment. Data on death were obtained from the Swiss Central Compensation Office. Health care claims data recorded between 2014 and 2019 were retrieved from Helsana, one of the largest Swiss health insurance companies.

Results

The adherence to evidence-based guidelines was 36.1%. Among patients with non-adherence, overtreatment was present in 70.1%. Significant patient-related predictors of guideline adherence were (a) age above 50 years, (b) male sex, (c) pulmonary embolism, (d) unprovoked VTE, (e) multiple VTE, (f) laboratory tests not ordered, and (g) various cardiovascular comorbidities. Non-adherence was not significantly associated with mortality, hospitalization, admission to nursing home, and costs.

Conclusions

The adherence to evidence-based guidelines was low, and several unrelated predictors appeared. Although these results need to be confirmed in other settings, they highlight the need for implementation of evidence-based guidelines in clinical practice.
Do we behave differently on Twitter and Facebook: Multi-view social network user personality profiling for content recommendation
Authors: Yang Qi , Farseev Aleksandr , Nikolenko Sergey , Filchenkov Andrey
Published: August 2022

Human personality traits are key drivers behind our decision making, influencing our lives on a daily basis. Inference of personality traits, such as the Myers-Briggs personality type, as well as an understanding of dependencies between personality traits and user behavior on various social media platforms, is of crucial importance to modern research and industry applications such as recommender systems. The emergence of diverse and cross-purpose social media avenues makes it possible to perform user personality profiling automatically and efficiently based on data represented across multiple data modalities. However, research efforts on personality profiling from multi-source multi-modal social media data are relatively sparse; the impact of different social network data on profiling performance and of personality traits on applications such as recommender systems is yet to be evaluated. Furthermore, large-scale datasets are also lacking in the research community. To fill these gaps, in this work we develop a novel multi-view fusion framework PERS that infers Myers-Briggs personality type indicators. We evaluate the results not just across data modalities but also across different social networks, and also evaluate the impact of inferred personality traits on recommender systems. Our experimental results demonstrate that PERS is able to learn from multi-view data for personality profiling by efficiently leveraging highly varied data from diverse social multimedia sources. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inferred personality traits can be beneficial to other industry applications. Among other results, we show that people tend to reveal multiple facets of their personality in different social media avenues. We also release a social multimedia dataset in order to facilitate further research on this direction.