bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lifetime Cost of Living and Effective Prices: Theory and Evidence for Germany
Authors: Tödter Karl-Heinz , Ziebarth Gerhard
Published: March 2020

We develop and analyze an intertemporal cost of living index (ICOLI), also referred to as lifetime cost of living or cost of life index. The ICOLI is a geometric weighted average of effective prices, derived from constrained consumer utility maximization. Effective prices are both, money valued marginal utilities of the final unit consumed, and present values of prices for future consumption. Using the concept of duration, we derive analytical elasticities of the ICOLI with respect to consumer prices and interest rates and show their impact on lifetime welfare of consumers. We also provide empirical evidence for Germany, compute an ex post time series of the ICOLI, and gauge the welfare effects of low interest rate scenarios. We find that the financial repression policy of the ECB since 2010 contributed to substantial losses in the purchasing power of money and led to lasting welfare losses for consumers in Germany, in particular for the cohorts of young consumers. The ICOLI complements conventional price and inflation statistics and could serve as a valuable information tool for monetary policy.
Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha L.) flowers and fruits grown in Algeria
Authors: Issaadi Ouarda , Fibiani Marta , Picchi Valentina , Scalzo Roberto Lo , Madani Khodir
Published: March 2020

Background

To the best of our knowledge, up to now, there are no reports on the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds of Crataegus oxyacantha flowers and fruits. Such detailed information is essential to advance the existing knowledge and to promote the use of this species growing in Africa.

Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to analyze the content of phenolic compounds as well as the antioxidant activities of flowers and fruits of C. oxyacantha from Bejaia (Northeastern Algeria) by different analytical methods, and to determine the relationship between them.

Methods

Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Algerian hawthorn flowers and fruits (C. oxyacantha L.) were studied. Total phenolics, flavonoids and flavonols were determined using colorimetric methods. The phenolic profile was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection, and the in vitro antioxidant activity was measured using scavenging assay (FRAP) and Fremy’s salt, using electronic paramagnetic resonance.

Results

Different classes of phenolic compounds were identified and quantified. Hawthorn flowers contained higher levels of hydroxycinnamic acids, vitexin derivatives and flavonols compared to fruits, while anthocyanins were present only in fruits. Significant correlations were found between phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The results also showed that although the phenolic content of the two parts was different, their antioxidant capacity was not statistically different.

Conclusions

The results of this study indicate that hawthorn flowers and fruits of C. oxyacantha may be considered as a natural source of bioactive compounds.
Computational Analysis of the Hypothetical Protein P9303_05031 from Marine Cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus Marinus MIT 9303
Authors: Sai Arun PV Parvati , Yarlagadda Vineetha , Vijaya Laxmi Govindugari , Salla Sumithra
Published: March 2020

Prochlorococcus marinus MIT 9303 is a marine cyanobacterium found in sea waters. It was first isolated from a depth of 100 m in the Sargasso Sea in the year 1992. This cyanobacterium serves as a good model system for scientific research due to the presence of many desirable characteristics like smaller in size, ability to perform photosynthesis and the ease of culture maintenance. The genome of this cyanobacterium encodes for about 3022 proteins. Out of these 3022 proteins, few proteins were annotated as hypothetical proteins. We performed a computational study to characterize one of the hypothetical proteins “P9303_05031” to deduce its functional role in the cell using various bioinformatics techniques. After in-depth analysis, this hypothetical protein showed the conserved domain as of Hsp10 of molecular chaperonins of GroES. In this work, we have predicted the bidirectional best hits for the hypothetical protein P9303_05031 followed by the prediction of protein properties such as primary, secondary and tertiary structures. The existence of the Hsp10 domain indicates its role is essential for the folding of proteins during heat shock. This work represents the first structural and physicochemical study of the hypothetical protein P9303_05031 in Prochlorococcus marinus MIT 9303.
Sources and pathways for non-directive imperatives
Authors: Holvoet Axel
Published: March 2020

This article deals with the mechanisms by which directive imperatives develop into grams with various non-directive meanings. The types discussed include conditional and concessive, historical, mirative and echoic-necessitive imperatives. It is argued that such non-directive functions should not be traced back to putative general meanings of the imperative but arise, in various specific constructions and through various mechanisms, from the properly directive imperative.
Shallow-cloud impact on climate and uncertainty: A simple stochastic model
Authors: Mueller Eli A. , Stechmann Samuel N.
Published: March 2020

Shallow clouds are a major source of uncertainty in climate predictions. Several different sources of the uncertainty are possible—e.g., from different models of shallow cloud behavior, which could produce differing predictions and ensemble spread within an ensemble of models, or from inherent, natural variability of shallow clouds. Here, the latter (inherent variability) is investigated, using a simple model of radiative statistical equilibrium, with oceanic and atmospheric boundary layer temperatures,ToandTa, and with moistureqand basic cloud processes. Stochastic variability is used to generate a statistical equilibrium with climate variability. The results show that the intrinsic variability of the climate is enhanced due to the presence of shallow clouds. In particular, the on-and-off switching of cloud formation and decay is a source of additional climate variability and uncertainty, beyond the variability of a cloud-free climate. Furthermore, a sharp transition in the mean climate occurs as environmental parameters are changed, and the sharp transition in the mean is also accompanied by a substantial enhancement of climate sensitivity and uncertainty. Two viewpoints of this behavior are described, based on bifurcations and phase transitions/statistical physics. The sharp regime transitions are associated with changes in several parameters, including cloud albedo and longwave absorptivity/carbon dioxide concentration, and the climate state transitions between a partially cloudy state and a state of full cloud cover like closed-cell stratocumulus clouds. Ideas of statistical physics can provide a conceptual perspective to link the climate state transitions, increased climate uncertainty, and other related behavior.
Crystal structure of {tris((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)amine-κ4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′}-(nitrito-κ2
O,O′)nickel(II) perchlorate – ethanol (1/1), C26H27ClN8NiO7
Authors: Li Xin-Lun , Luo Zhong-Ping , Zhang Jun-Chao , Nie Feng-Mei
Published: March 2020

C26H27ClN8NiO7, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.893(2) Å, b = 11.503(2) Å, c = 13.295(3) Å, α = 78.77(3)°, β = 70.52(3)°, γ = 83.40(3)°, V = 1397.0(6) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0423, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1032, T = 153.15 K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[aqua[(μ2-4,5-dicarboxylato-2-(2-carboxylatophenyl)imidazol-1-ido-κ4
N,O,O′:N′)](μ2-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2
N:N′)dicopper(II)], C22H14Cu2N4O7
Authors: Guo Xiao-Yu , Chen Ji-Hong , Meng Xiang-Ru
Published: March 2020

C22H14Cu2N4O7, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.7885(4) Å, b = 14.9974(8) Å, c = 17.7464(10) Å, β = 102.184(2)°, V = 2026.22(19) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0357, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0936, T = 300(2) K.
Crystal structure of bis(N,2-bis(4-ethoxybenzylidene)hydrazine-1-carbohydrazonothioato-κ2
N,S)nickel(II) — N,N-dimethylformamide (1/2), C44H56N10S2O6Ni
Authors: Li Zhuang-Yu , Liu E. , Liu Xiao-Jing , Jian Fang-Fang , Liang Tong-ling
Published: March 2020

C44H56N10S2O6Ni, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.3077(14) Å, b = 9.9624(14) Å, c = 14.0449(19) Å, α = 70.889(3)°, β = 75.532(2)°, γ = 87.544(3)°, V = 1190.5(3) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0528, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1279, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of (E)-3-methoxy-N′-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)benzohydrazide, C15H15N3O2
Authors: Mossine Valeri V. , Kelley Steven P. , Mawhinney Thomas P.
Published: March 2020

C15H15N3O2, orthorhombic, Pca21 (no. 29), a = 7.9831(2) Å, b = 10.6486(3) Å, c = 15.7222(4) Å, V = 1336.53(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0340, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0799, T = 100 K.
On finite series solutions of conformable time-fractional Cahn-Allen equation
Authors: Zafar Asim , Rezazadeh Hadi , Ali Khalid K.
Published: March 2020

The aim of this article is to derive new exact solutions of conformable time-fractional Cahn-Allen equation. We have achieved this aim by hyperbolic function and expa function methods with the aid of symbolic computation using Mathematica. This idea seems to be very easy to employ with reliable results. The time fractional Cahn-Allen equation is reduced to respective nonlinear ordinary differential equation of fractional order. Also, we have depicted graphically the constructed solutions.
Klimaschutz auf Kosten der Armen? Vorschläge für eine markt- und sozialverträgliche Umsetzung von CO2-Steuern und des Emissionshandels
Authors: Wolf Stephan , Goldschmidt Nils
Published: March 2020

Mit diesem Beitrag schlagen wir einen zweistufigen Weg zu einer effektiven deutschen Klimapolitik vor. Die erste Stufe orientiert sich an der Schweizer CO2-Abgabe: Ab 2020 soll der Kohlendioxidausstoß im privaten Heizenergie- und Verkehrsbereich besteuert werden, da beide Sektoren nicht im EU-Emissionshandel erfasst werden. Wie im Schweizer Modell fließt das Steueraufkommen durch Transfers und Investitionen an die Bevölkerung zurück. Allerdings soll die direkte Rückerstattung auf die Hälfte der Steuereinnahmen beschränkt und auf das einkommensschwächste Drittel der Haushalte konzentriert werden. Die andere Hälfte soll zur Förderung des ländlichen ÖPNV und zur energetischen Sanierung von Mietshäusern eingesetzt werden. Damit wird Klimaschutz – ein Gebot intergenerationeller Gerechtigkeit – im Sinne einer Sozialen Marktwirtschaft umgesetzt: Der Klimaschutzbeitrag jedes Einzelnen orientiert sich auch an Leistungsfähigkeit und Bedürftigkeit. Ab 2030 sollte der zweite Schritt unseres Ansatzes einsetzen und das Steuermodell sukzessive in einen verbraucherbasierten Emissionshandel überführt werden. Ein funktionierendes Personal Carbon Trading System ist allerding technisch und rechtlich komplexer als eine CO2-Steuer. Die sofortige Umsetzung von Stufe eins schafft das nötige Zeitfenster für die Vorbereitung eines Zertifikatesystems für Heizenergie und Mobilität. Die oft angeführten Nachteile eines solchen Systems – hohe Transaktions- und Administrationskosten – halten wir aufgrund der Fortschritte in der Informationstechnologie bereits heute für händelbar. Dafür hätte ein solches System gegenüber einer Steuer folgende Vorteile: Es ist mit dem EU-ETS kompatibel, Emissionsziele werden sicher erreicht und jeder Verbraucher erkennt direkt, für welche CO2-Emissionen er persönlich verantwortlich ist.
Electronic temperature characteristics of laser-induced Fe plasma in fruits
Authors: Fu Yuan-Xia , Wang Li , Xu Li
Published: March 2020

Fruit is not only delicious, but it also contains iron, potassium, magnesium, and other microelements necessary for the human body. Banana, pineapple and kiwifruit were selected as samples for testing. A laser with a wavelength of 532 nm was focused on the samples’ surface to generate a plasma. The emission spectrum of the atoms and ions in the plasma were collected by optical receivers, and the optimal condition was confirmed by analyzing the signal-to-noise ratio. The electronic temperature characteristics of the Fe plasma were studied under optimal experimental conditions. The maximum electron temperature of the Fe plasma occurred after a time delay of 300 ns in bananas, after 400 ns in pineapples and after 400 ns in kiwifruit. The electronic temperature of the Fe plasma increased with the time delay before the maximum point was reached. However, the temperature decreased after the maximum point was reached. At the beginning of the decline, the plasma decreased rapidly, but later decreased slowly. The range of the variation of the electron temperature of the Fe plasma in bananas, pineapples, and kiwifruits was 12388.29–19958.3 K, 11994.21–16856.4 K, and 13388.2–19607.32 K, respectively.
Nearest Neighbour Particle-Particle Interaction in Fermionic Quasi One-Dimensional Flat Band Lattices
Authors: Tilleke Simon , Daumann Mirko , Dahm Thomas
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we have studied spinless fermions in four specific quasi one-dimensional systems that are known to host flat bands in the noninteracting limit: the triangle lattice, the stub lattice, the diamond lattice, and the diamond lattice with transverse hopping. The influence of the nearest neighbour interaction on the flat bands was investigated. We used exact diagonalization of finite size lattices employing the Lanczos technique and determine the single particle spectral functions of the interacting system. Our results are compared with mean field calculations. In the cases of the triangle lattice and the stub lattice we found that the flat bands become dispersive in the presence of a finite interaction. For the diamond lattice and the diamond lattice with transverse hopping, we demonstrated that the flat bands are robust under the influence of the interaction in certain parameter ranges. Such systems could be realised experimentally with cold atoms in optical lattices.
Die „Sache mit dem Geschlecht“: Zum Stand der Debatte
Authors: Wieser Renate
Published: March 2020

In öffentlich-medialen Debatten wie im privat-intimen Rahmen werden Fragen rund um das Geschlecht kontrovers und oft auch stark simplifizierend diskutiert. Religionspädagogische Forschung und Praxis braucht, um in diesem Feld fundiert-konstruktiv agieren zu können, den analytischen und differenzierten Blick auf Geschlecht, den die Geschlechterforschung zur Verfügung stellt. Daher bietet der vorliegende Beitrag einen systematischen Einblick in wichtige Entwicklungen und Erkenntnisse der Geschlechterforschung. Im Resultat zeigt sich die Komplexität von Geschlecht als sozialer Kategorie, die in gesellschaftsstrukturelle Verhältnisse, symbolische Wertordnungen und subjektive Identitäten eingewoben ist und sich mit anderen Differenzkategorien wechselseitig verschränkt. Auf Basis eines solchen Kenntnisstandes können religionspädagogische Herausforderungen rund um Geschlechterfragen wahrgenommen, benannt, verstanden und reflektiert werden.
Pressure Drop of Partially Blocked Hagen-Poiseuille Flow using CFD Simulation
Authors: Tantaro B. , Wah Y. T. , Yuen R. W. Y.
Published: March 2020

Piping serves as an important pillar in most of the engineering applications while the quantification on the pressure drop due to various factors is always the central issue of efficient piping maintenance and design. In this study, the relationship between the pressure drop and the percentage of blockage in Hagen-Poiseuille flow is investigated. The analysis is executed using CFD commercial software of ANSYS Fluent. Our simulation discovered that the pressure drop will increase in an exponential manner with respect to constant increment of the blockage percentage. In other words, the power waste will increase exponentially too when the clot accumulates.
Crashworthiness Design for Trapezoid Origami Crash Structure Numerical
Authors: Al-Jothery H. K. M. , Albarody T. M. B. , Yusoff P. S. B. M. , Abdullah M. A. , Hussein A. R. , M. Pahmi M. F. B.
Published: March 2020

Corrugations can be considered to be one of the ways to improve the mechanical properties of thin-walled structure in terms of manipulation of surface area. However, this theory requires further validation through experimentation of different materials. Although many research works have been done towards the corrugated shell structures, the flexibility of corrugated sheets of thermoset composite material remains unknown. This study focused on the effects of surface area manipulation by using trapezoid origami structure which is trapezoidal folded lobe shape on the absorbed energy and mechanical properties of Epoxy reinforced with S-type fibreglass. Then the trapezoidal folded lobe shape design was drawn by using AutoCAD which consist of the design of the corrugated composite sheets and the design of trapezoidal folded lobe shape mould. Moreover, the fabrication of the Aluminum mould was done by using a CNC milling machine according to the drawing. So, a compression moulding machine will be used to fabricate the composite structure. Therefore, the vibration and compression tests were carried out to perform a study on the behaviour of the trapezoidal folded lobe thermoset samples and to investigate their deformation behaviour respectively. Based on those tests, the results are shown that the trapezoidal origami samples have higher virtual stiffness than the flat samples, and the trapezoidal origami crash thin wall absorbs 40 % more energy in Y-axis direction compared to in X-axis direction.
Effect of Pulse Currents on Weld Geometry and Angular Distortion in Pulsed GTAW of 304 Stainless Steel Butt Joint
Authors: Widyianto Agus , Sunar Baskoro Ario , Kiswanto Gandjar
Published: March 2020

In this research, the effect of pulse currents on the weld geometry and angular distortion in pulsed GTAW (PGTAW) process in 3 mm thick SS-304 autogenous butt weld joint was investigated. Welding method uses pulse current and continuous current. The mean current and welding speed were kept constant with the peak current and base current were varied. During pulsed GTAW process, the arc condition was captured directly using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. Weld geometry was carried out using a digital microscope. Distortion was measured using Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM).  The results show that the peak current and base current have an influence on weld geometry and angular distortion. The weld geometry on pulsed GTAW was produced wider of weld bead width than continuous GTAW. However, angular distortion on continuous GTAW was higher than pulsed GTAW.  Pulsed GTAW can widen the weld bead by 0.57% - 25.09%, but can reduce distortion by 15.15%-88.17%. As compared with weld geometry to the continuous GTAW, the widest result occurs at peak current 212A and base current 40A. The smallest of distortion on pulsed GTAW was achieved at peak current 138A and base current 80A.
Fluid Flow Analysis Through a Variable Diameter Infra-Red Suppression Device
Authors: Bhattacharya Avik , Achari A. Madhusudan
Published: March 2020

An Infra-red suppression device(IRS) is used for suppression of heat signatures from the exhaust of the ships or aero planes, thus facilitating in the stealth operation. In the past, studies have been performed on multiple funnel type, lobed shaped as well as straight funnel type IRS device. In the present study an attempt has been made to suggest a variable diameter IRS device which works on the principle of mass suction due to drop in pressure resulting from the high velocity exhaust fluid. The multiple funnel type IRS device has been modified into an inverted fulcrum like device with holes present on the periphery of device for suction of fluid. Two types of computational studies have been performed. In the first study, the suction is occurring through the bottom as well as the holes on the periphery of funnel wall. In the second study, suction is occurring only through the holes on the funnel wall and bottom of funnel has been kept closed. The mass suction ratio has been calculated for varying Reynolds number (3000≤ R ≤ 7000). The effect on suction due to position of holes, number of holes and distance of the holes from the nozzle, effect of bidirectional flow etc. has been computed. It is found that the mass suction ratio is more when suction is occurring through the bottom of the funnel along with the holes on the funnel wall periphery.
Hepatic inflammation precedes steatosis and is mediated by visceral fat accumulation
Authors: Casagrande Breno Picin , de Souza Daniel Vitor , Ribeiro Daniel Araki , Medeiros Alessandra , Pisani Luciana Pellegrini , Estadella Debora
Published: March 2020

The negative aspects of unhealthy eating on obesity and hepatic health are well described. The axis between the adipose tissue and the liver participates in most of the damage caused to this tissue regarding obesogenic diets (OD). At the same time that the effects of consuming simple carbohydrates and saturated fatty acids are known, the effects of the cessation of its intake are scarce. Withdrawing from OD is thought to improve health; despite some studies had shown improvement in hepatic conditions in the long-term, short-term studies were not found. Therefore, we aimed to determine how OD intake and withdrawal would influence visceral and hepatic fat accumulation and inflammation. To this end, male 60-days-old Wistar rats received standard chow (n = 16) or a high-sugar/high-fat diet (HSHF) for 30 days (n = 32), a cohort of the HSHF-fed animals was then kept 48 h on standard chow (n = 16). In opposition to the generally reported, the results indicate that hepatic inflammation preceded hepatic steatosis. Additionally, inflammatory markers on the liver positively correlated visceral adipokines and visceral fat accumulation mediated them in a deposit-dependent manner. At the same time, a 48-h withdrawal was capable of reverting most of the risen inflammatory mediators, although MyD88 and TNFα persisted and serum non-HDL cholesterol was higher than control levels.
Sistemas de significados en torno a la experiencia erótica y los abusos sexuales en la infancia
Authors: Guzmán Díaz Alma Vanessa , Trujano Ruiz Patricia
Published: March 2020

El abuso sexual infantil puede dejar efectos en la experiencia erótica de las personas. Sin embargo, cuando dicha vivencia es narrada por los participantes, estos podrían significar de diversas maneras sus posibles consecuencias. Por lo tanto, llevamos a cabo una investigación cualitativa, bajo el marco teórico del construccionismo social, en la que participaron cuatro mujeres y dos hombres, quienes experimentaron abusos sexuales en la infancia. Realizamos entrevistas semi-estructuradas y temáticas. En el análisis de las narrativas, observamos la importancia de los constructos de género tradicionales en las primeras experiencias eróticas; adicionalmente, las vivencias de abusos sexuales permitieron dar sentido a las dificultades observadas en la edad adulta. Finalmente, destacamos que el valor otorgado al amor fue un elemento que permitió la re-significación positiva de la experiencia.
Prácticas de consumo alimentario de familias desplazadas por el conflicto armado, asentadas en Bosa, Bogotá
Authors: Sierra-Puentes Myriam Carmenza , Bejarano Riveros Angie Marcela
Published: March 2020

Colombia es el país con mayor número de desplazados internos a nivel mundial. La mayoría de las victimas provienen de zonas rurales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo indagar y describir las prácticas de consumo alimentario actuales y previas al desplazamiento forzado. Por medio de una metodología cualitativa se analizó y teorizó el discurso de cinco mujeres víctimas de desplazamiento forzado asentadas con sus familias en la localidad de Bosa, Bogotá. Por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada se recolectó la información y fue analizada con el software N-vivo11, siguiendo el análisis de la teoría fundamentada. Los hallazgos revelan que las prácticas de consumo alimentario previas al desplazamiento, se caracterizaron por la obtención de víveres a través de labores agropecuarias como la siembra y se consumían mínimo tres comidas durante el día. Actualmente, la cantidad de las raciones de consumo diarias han disminuido, así como la frecuencia de compra y las fuentes de obtención de la alimentación. En conclusión, las prácticas de consumo alimentario se han transformado, lo cual ha obligado a las familias a cambiar su dieta por una más precaria y de baja calidad.
MoBPS - Modular Breeding Program Simulator
Authors: Pook Torsten , Schlather Martin , Simianer Henner
Published: March 2020

The R-package MoBPS provides a computationally efficient and flexible framework to simulate complex breeding programs and compare their economic and genetic impact. Simulations are performed on the base of individuals. MoBPS utilizes a highly efficient implementation with bit-wise data storage and matrix multiplications from the associated R-package miraculix allowing to handle large scale populations. Individual haplotypes are not stored but instead automatically derived based on points of recombination and mutations. The modular structure of MoBPS allows to combine rather coarse simulations, as needed to generate founder populations, with a very detailed modeling of todays’ complex breeding programs, making use of all available biotechnologies. MoBPS provides pre-implemented functions for common breeding practices such as optimum genetic contributions and single-step GBLUP but also allows the user to replace certain steps with personalized and/or self-written solutions.
Edible coatings based on sodium alginate and ascorbic acid for application on fresh-cut pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr)
Authors: López-Córdoba Alex , Aldana-Usme Andrea
Published: March 2020

The demand for healthy and ready-to-eat products, such asfreshly-harvested fruits, has been growing steadily over the years. However, these products are very susceptible to spoilage and have a short shelf-life. In this research, edible coatings based on sodium alginate and its blends with ascorbic acid (a natural antioxidant and anti-browning agent) were applied on fresh-cut pineapple samples, and the changes in their physicochemical properties were monitored during 10 d of storage at 4ºC. Initially, the surface of the coated fruits was brighter and statistically significant differences were not found between uncoated and coated samples (P<0.05); similar values were obtained in the parameters of soluble solids (~11 ºBrix), pH (~3.74) and titratable acidity (~0.64%). During storage, coated samples were more protected against changes in appearance compared to uncoated fresh-cut pineapple samples. The current results will be beneficial for further research that focuses on the preservation of minimally processed fruits such as pineapple.
Evaluation of β-glucan content, viscosity, soluble dietary fiber and processing effect in grains of Ecuadorian barley genotypes
Authors: Villacrés Elena , Campaña Diego , Garófalo Javier , Falconi Esteban , Quelal Maria , Matanguihan Janet , Murphy Kevin
Published: March 2020

We analyzed seventy barley accessions from Ecuador to determine the content of mixed-linkage β-glucan in seeds. Twelve of these materials showed a higher content than the population average 2.10% (w/w), and they were chosen to determine the relationship among β-glucan, viscosity and dietary fiber as well as the effect of scarification, cooking, roasting and malting on its content. In the 12 accessions, the content of β-glucan showed a high degree of correlation (r=0.86) with soluble dietary fiber but a low correlation with viscosity (r=-0.17). In most accessions, β-glucan increased in roasted or scarified grains. The roasting process increased the content by 35.51% (w/w) and scarification by 26.53% (w/w). Cooking decreased content by 39.92% and malting by 77.90%. The megazyme kit was used to determine the content of (1→3) (1→4)-β-D-glucan (Mixed-linkage). Results of this study show that Ecuadorian barley genotypes with a β-glucan content greater than 2.1% are suitable for human consumption and those with a lower value than 2.1% are suitable for the beer industry.
Palabras y redes: de la palabra a la experiencia de vida. Argot utilizado por los privados de libertad en la penitenciaría central de Costa Rica (1950-1979). Análisis de dos ejes asociativos
Authors: Piedra Matamoros Esteban
Published: March 2020

Este trabajo realiza un análisis de un corpus lingüístico del argot de la Penitenciaría Central de Costa Rica entre los años 1950-1979, de acuerdo con los aportes de la Lingüística antropológica, con el fin de determinar cuáles fueron las unidades léxicas predominantes en la vida de los privados de libertad, como consecuencia de nombrar lo que es más pertinente y lo que posea significado para este grupo de hablantes. Los resultados de este análisis se muestran en consonancia con la dirección de este estudio lingüístico al tomar en consideración el uso del lenguaje en su dimensión social. La agrupación de vocablos, entendidos como ejes asociativos con más repercusión en la vida de los privados fueron: violencia-agresión y relaciones interpersonales, con 31.8 % y 18.7 % respectivamente. Esto permitiría afirmar que son estos aspectos realmente relevantes en sus vidas. La necesidad de establecer relaciones interpersonales en un mundo permeado por la violencia y la agresión es lo que destaca en la vida en la Penitenciaría Central de Costa Rica durante los años 1950-1979. Este tipo de acercamientos permiten la reflexión sobre la experiencia de vida de los miembros de una comunidad de habla en sus relaciones con el otro, con ellos mismos y con el mundo.
El bienestar social y su relación con la salud y la calidad de vida en personas adultas mayores
Authors: Rodríguez Hernández Mynor
Published: March 2020

El acelerado crecimiento de la población adulta mayor, debe ser considerado prioridad por las organizaciones responsables de este sector social. Envejecer es un proceso natural, el cual las personas deben afrontar, así como aceptar los cambios fisiológicos, mentales y sociales que trae. Estos cambios suelen afectar la salud de estas personas y con ello, su calidad de vida. Por lo tanto, este estudio se enfoca en  determinar la relación que existe entre el bienestar social, la salud y la calidad de vida de la persona adulta mayor que participa en programas institucionalizados en Costa Rica. Un total de 138 participantes, mujeres y hombres, con edades entre 60 y 86 años (=67,94 años±5,26), de grupos organizados de San Ramón, Costa Rica. La información se recopiló a través del cuestionario SF-36, con el objetivo de conocer la calidad de vida, salud y bienestar social de los adultos entrevistados, las respuestas se analizaron siguiendo la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión de Goldberg. El análisis de los resultados muestra que la salud, el bienestar social y la calidad de vida son aceptables en este grupo. Existe correspondencia entre la Integración Social y las dimensiones de Salud General, Vitalidad, Función Social y Salud Mental (p<0.01), con la Función Física (p<0.05). La dimensión Contribución Social se relacionó con los dominios de Función Física, Salud General, Vitalidad, Función Social, Salud Mental (p<0.01) y con Transición de Salud (p<0.05). Por su parte la Actualización Social se correlacionó positivamente con la Función Física, Salud Mental y Transición de Salud (p<0.01) y con la Salud General, Vitalidad y Función Social (p<0.05), la salud percibida parcialmente fue más baja en edades avanzadas. El bienestar social es un determinante de la calidad de vida y la salud de las personas adultas mayores, por lo que, implementar estrategias de intervención que incluyan técnicas de socialización podría generar mejoras sustanciales en la salud y la calidad de vida de este grupo poblacional.
El sociograma de la prostituta en la obra latina La Suegra: una aproximación sociocrítica
Authors: Gómez Jiménez Andrey , Madrigal Abarca Mailyn
Published: March 2020

En este artículo se estudia la obra dramática latina La Suegra de Terencio con el fin de analizar la construcción del sociograma de la prostituta. Para ello, este texto se basa en la postura del autor como sujeto transindividual, para luego determinar si la construcción analizada, es decir el conjunto de elementos que constituyen la caracterización de la hetera, es reinscrita o se mantiene. Se tomaron como objetos de estudio los diálogos establecidos por Baquis, Sira y Filotis con el resto de personajes.
Ogros y tarocafárrafas en los malecus: identidad y aliciente moral
Authors: Solano Fallas Andrés
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo tiene por finalidad dilucidar cómo las figuras de los ogros (muérra maráma) y los tarocafárrafas (tarocafárrafá maráma; seres mitológicos considerados como otra especie humana ya extinta) en las pláticas de los malecus, particularmente en las Pláticas sobre ogros (Muérrajá mausírrajáca), son un medio para configurar la identidad del grupo indígena costarricense y, a su vez, cómo estas figuras fungen como aliciente moral. En lo que respecta de la configuración de la identidad, se expone en cada figura aquellos elementos que los malecus consideran ajenos y deseables a la imagen que conforman de sí. En cuanto al aliciente moral, se explica cómo los elementos en cada figura conducen a estimular ciertas prácticas morales, como también a desestimar otras conductas; comentando las respectivas consecuencias que implican en el actuar moral, dentro del contexto de la muerte, la cual es de suma importancia para los malecus.
Determination of the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects and ‘Quorum Sensing’ inhibition potentials of Castanea sativa Mill. extracts
Authors: EKŞİ Saliha , ÜREYEN ESERTAŞ Ülkü Zeynep , KILIÇ Ali Osman , EJDER Nebahat , UZUNOK Barış
Published: March 2020

The rapid rise of resistance causes existing antibiotics to become dysfunctional. Therefore, search for new antimicrobial active ingredients has increased in recent years. In this study, flower extracts of Castanea sativa were examined for antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing aspects. The antimicrobial properties of methanol, ethyl acetate, ethanol and hexane extracts of C. sativa against some gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species, as well as yeasts (Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis) were investigated by the agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of C. sativa extracts were also determined. Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472, C. violaceum 35352, C. violaceum VIR07 and C. violaceum CV026 indicator strains were used for determination of the quorum sensing inhibitions, and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain was used for the swarming tests. Additionally, biofilm inhibition was detected by the spectrophotometric method using the P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. Methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of C. sativa was found to have high antibacterial and antifungal effects, while the methanol extract also had anti-quorum sensing, anti- swarming and biofilm inhibition effects, but no activity was found in the n- hexane extract. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report revealed that methanol extract obtained from C. sativa flowers induced anti-quorum sensing activities mainly inhibited the violacein production, swarming and biofilm formation. The present investigation provided evidence that the C. sativa flower extract maybe a potential source of antimicrobial agents. Therefore, much attention should be paid to C. sativa flower content, which could be used with high efficacy against microorganisms.
Chitosan nanoparticle and pyridoxine seed priming improves tolerance to salinity in milk thistle seedling
Authors: MOSAVIKIA Ali Asghar , MOSAVI Seyed Gholamreza , SEGHATOLESLAMI Mohammadjavad , BARADARAN Reza
Published: March 2020

Application of growth regulators plays important role under salt conditions. Perspectives to overcome these limitations by chitosan nanoparticle (CSNP: 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1%) and pyridoxine (PN: 0, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09%) seed priming was studied in both experiments with milk thistle seeds exposed to NaCl as salt stress (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM). Salinity threshold and EC50 (the salinity level that 50% of germination reduction) achieved 74.85 and 213.5 mM, respectively. A significant reduction in germination percentage (49.12%), seedling length (50.07%), and seedling vigor index (67.39%) while, a significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity (54.63%) were achieved at 150 mM NaCl in compared to the control treatment. The highest germination rate was resulted by 100 mM NaCl and 0.25% CSNP and the least (2.86 seed/day) by 150 mM NaCl and without CSNP. The salt stress significantly decreased photosynthetic pigments; however, the largest value of chlorophyll a, b, and total was related to without NaCl and 1% CSNP and the least value of traits (6.1, 1.67, and 7.77 µg/g FW) to non-application of CSNP under 150 mM NaCl. PN application was caused decrease in free proline content compared to the non-application treatment. The most pronounced effects of CSNP and PN were recorded in 0.25 and 0.09% concentrations, respectively. The finding of this study leads to the conclusion that seed priming with CSNP and PN by improving physiological mechanisms such as photosynthetic pigment synthesis, antioxidant enzyme activities, and free proline content increased salt tolerance in milk thistle seedling.
Biochemical profile, selective cytotoxicity and molecular effects of Calendula officinalis extracts on breast cancer cell lines
Authors: CRUCERIU Daniel , DIACONEASA Zorita , SOCACI Sonia , SOCACIU Carmen , RAKOSY-TICAN Elena , BALACESCU Ovidiu
Published: March 2020

Calendula officinalis extracts have been known to possess anti-tumor properties, but questions regarding their mechanisms of action still need to be answered. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the selective cytotoxicity, the biochemical profile and the corresponding molecular effects of two extracts of C. officinalis: flowers and leaves, against several breast cancer cell lines in vitro. Dry flowers and leaves were subjected to ultrasonication assisted extraction in methanol 70%. The phenolic and volatile profiles of the extracts, determined by HPLC-MS and nontargeted GC-MS, revealed high levels of specific phenolic acids, flavonols and coumarin and several volatile compounds, including mono- and sesquiterpenes, ketones, aldehydes and esters. Both extracts proved to possess selective cytotoxic activities against tumor cells in comparison to healthy endothelial cells, according to the MTT assay. The flower extract was superior in terms of both cytotoxicity and selectivity when compared to the leaf extract, in accordance to their biochemical profiles. The gene expression pattern for 10 genes of interest was evaluated by RT-qPCR. The expression level of several genes involved in apoptosis (BCL2, BAX, BBC3, ZMAT3), and cell cycle progression (NFkB, CCND1, STAT3) was modulated by the treatment with both extracts. Therefore, C. officinalis extracts proved to be rich in compounds characterized by cancer-related cytotoxicity and are capable of inducing selective cytotoxicity on breast cancer cell lines.
Capture of Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) during explosion in a cotton field in response to height and orientation of yellow sticky cards
Authors: ZHANG Ze , SHI Xiaodong , ZHANG Guolong , MA Lulu , ZHANG Qiang , LIN Jiao , LV Xin
Published: March 2020

Aphis gossypii Glover is a polyphagous herbivore that causes serious damage to cottons. Current understanding to trap its population is limited in the field approach. In this study, a two-year-course study was conducted to test the yellow sticky card (YSC) effects of orientation (east, up, west, and bottom) and height (30, 60, and 90 cm over the cotton crown) on numbers of trapped A. gossypii every three days in ninth days after explosion in a cotton plantation in Shihezi, Xinjiang, Northwest China in 2014 and 2015. In 2014, YSCs in the east orientation at a height of 60 cm trapped the highest number of A. gossypii five days after explosion. In 2015, highest number of A. gossypii were trapped by YSCs in the up orientation at a height of 30 cm. Our results showed that YSC in the up orientation at 30-60 cm over the cotton crown can trap the highest number of A. gossypii since the five to seven days after aphid explosion. In conclusion, the spatial placement of sticky cards can be available to trap the maximum number of pests which should be incorporated into observations in continuous years.
Leaves anatomical and physiological adaptations of Vinca major ‘Variegata’ and Hedera helix L. to specific roof garden conditions
Authors: PETRA Sorina A. , GEORGESCU Mihaela I. , MANESCU Cristina R. , TOMA Florin , BADEA Monica L. , DOBRESCU Elisabeta , POPA Vlad I.
Published: March 2020

Urban agglomerations create extreme microclimates for plants, in which growth, development and survival means adaptation. Plantations expansions beyond the typical gardens to buildings, walls or other build structures were realized in many cities with a rigorous selection of plant species. Although the number of woody species well adapted to the urban environmental conditions is quite large, few species manage to grow and develop on the roofs. Two species - Vinca major ‘Variegata’ and Hedera helix, regularly used for this type of plantations in Bucharest, were selected to understand their mechanism of adaptation. A comparative study was conducted on these species, growing on a rooftop garden and at the ground level into a typical garden. Both species revealed considerable anatomical differences of the leaves. In addition, physiological determinations revealed a stronger intensity of photosynthesis, an intense transpiration and a lower respiration rate at plants grown in the roof garden.
Phenological attributes of Pyracantha crenulata - a high-value multipurpose shrub of the Himalaya
Authors: JOSHI Soumai K. , BALA Madhu
Published: March 2020

Pyracantha crenulata is a high value multipurpose shrub of the Himalaya. Fruits of the species possess several therapeutic and nutraceutical properties and are edible. Undertaking phenological studies on high-value wild plant species, particularly the ones that are yet to be domesticated, is particularly important as they provide baseline data on patterns of their vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting, fruit maturity, seed set etc. Considering these facts, the present study was carried out with the aim to identify and document the phenological features of P. crenulata and to study patterns of its phenological events under two habitat conditions. The study was carried out at two closely located sites, different in microsite conditions, at Pithoragarh (Uttarakhand), India, under the Western Himalaya in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) for two consecutive years. Five phenological events (emergence of new leaves and twigs; flowering; fruit setting and development; fruit drop and leaf fall) were recorded at fortnightly intervals, i.e., first fortnight and second fortnight in each month on selected individuals of the species, in both the sites. All the phenological phases investigated followed identical or near identical patterns across both sites so that there were no significant differences (P<0.05) between the sites in terms of phenological events and growth parameters recorded. Being an economically and ecologically valuable species, findings on the patterns of flowering and fruiting of P. crenulata are significant not only for management of its natural populations in the region, but will also serve as a baseline data for studies to be carried out for its domestication in future.
Armed conflict at primary care: challenges for practice and training
Authors: Santos Raphael Sampaio dos , Mourão Lucia Cardoso , Almeida Ana Clementina Vieira de , Santos Katerine Moraes dos
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the training of Family Health Strategy health professionals who work in dangerous territories affected by the armed conflict and its consequences in their practice. Methods: a qualitative-intervention research carried out with thirteen health professionals, using as a theoretical-methodological framework the institutional socioclinic. Results: they present and discuss from the analysis of implications of researcher and participants with training, and professional practices and transformations that occurred as intervention work progresses. Final considerations: learning strategies should incorporate empirical and scientifically proven knowledge. Thus, the spectrum of this knowledge would expand dynamically where the situation of violence in its manifestation of armed conflict is a social and political issue and not just a gap in training.
Team-Based Learning: a randomized clinical trial in undergraduate nursing
Authors: Sakamoto Sabrina Ramires , Dell’Acqua Magda Cristina Queiroz , Abbade Luciana Patrícia Fernandes , Caldeira Silvia Maria , Fusco Suzimar de Fátima Benato , Avila Marla Andréia Garcia de
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare the knowledge on surgical safety through the team-based learning methodology and lecture classes for undergraduate Nursing students, and evaluate the learning satisfaction with team-based learning. Methods: Randomized, controlled, parallel, two-arm, unblinded clinical trial developed in the Faculty of Medicine of a public university in Botucatu, Brazil. The groups included 14 students for team-based learning and 11 students for lecture classes. Results: Students’ apprehension of knowledge in the team-based learning group was significantly higher compared to the control group (p<0.002) by considering the pre-test results. After 30 days, there was no significant difference between groups. The experience with the methodology was considered positive among students. Conclusions: Team-based learning is an important pedagogic tool available and has proven effective in education and learning with students playing the role of protagonists.
Predictors of complications associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Nakasato Gislaine Rodrigues , Lopes Juliana de Lima , Lopes Camila Takao
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify in the literature, the predictors of ECMO complications in adult patients. Methods: integrative review of literature, including articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish published from 2014 to 2018 in five databases. Included articles which analyzed the predictive factors of ECMO complications in adult patients using multivariate analysis. Results: a total of 1629 articles were identified, of which 19 were included. Nineteen predictors were identified for neurological complications (e.g., post-ECMO hypoglycemia), seven for bleeding complications (e.g., fungal pneumonia), four for infections complications (e.g., preoperative creatinine level), three for kidney complications (e.g., the length of ICU stay> 20 days) and a combination of factors for mechanical complications (e.g., median flow). Conclusions: different predictors were identified to ECMO complications. The knowledge of these predictors enables the individualized targeting of preventive interventions by multidisciplinary team for modifiable factors, as well as intensification of monitoring for early recognition of non-modifiable factors.
Clinical simulation in teaching Pediatric Nursing: students’ perception
Authors: Teles Mayara Gombrade , Mendes-Castillo Ana Márcia Chiaradia , Oliveira-Kumakura Ana Railka de Souza , Silva Juliany Lino Gomes
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to comprehend the perception of undergraduate nursing students about learning to care for the child and family through clinical simulation. Methods: this is a qualitative research conducted with ten nursing students through semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed through content analysis. Results: data were organized into two categories: “learning a new way to learn,” in which students describe their experiences during the simulation, and “learning a new way to care,” in which they reflect on learning through simulation. Final considerations: we believe that clinical simulation practice in teaching should be encouraged because of the benefits it can offer to the students, faculty, patients and their families. However, we recommend further studies to validate scenarios of child and family healthcare.