bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anexo 1: Chile en los archivos de EE.UU. (1970)
Authors: Korry Edward M.
Published: August 2023

Los documentos que se dan a conocer a continuación fueron proporcionados por el embajador Edward M. Korry en su visita al CEP, en octubre de 1996, como material complementario al testimonio de su conferencia y a la entrevista que ofreció en esa oportunidad. Se trata, por un lado, de cables intercambiados en el mes de agosto de 1970 por el embajador Korry (en ese entonces a la cabeza de la misión diplomática de Estados Unidos en Chile) y el Departamento de Estado de EE.UU. Por otro lado, se incluye aquí el Informe de Contingencia (que el embajador tituló ‘Fidelismo sin Fidel’), también de agosto de 1970, que presenta una relación detallada de la situación que cabría esperar si Salvador Allende triunfara en las elecciones presidenciales del 4 de septiembre y la política que debería seguir el gobierno de Estados Unidos ante esa eventualidad. Las recomendaciones formuladas en este informe son las que después, en su mayor parte, guiarán la política de Estados Unidos en Chile durante el gobierno de la Unidad Popular. Los cables y el informe agregan, sin duda, valiosos antecedentes a las declaraciones y a los juicios formulados por el embajador Korry tanto en su exposición ‘Los Estados Unidos en Chile y Chile en los Estados Unidos’ como en la entrevista que se incluye en la edición original de Estudios Públicos.

 

Este Anexo 1 es parte del artículo ‘Los Estados Unidos en Chile y Chile en los Estados Unidos. Una retrospectiva política y económica (1963-1975)’, publicado en este número especial.  El resumen y abstract son la introducción al archivo firmada por ‘La Dirección’ del CEP en el número original de Estudios Públicos 72, primavera de 1998. Traducción al castellano de revista Estudios Públicos. La entrevista a la que refiere el resumen puede ser revisada en: Korry, E.M. 1998. El embajador Edward M. Korry en el CEP (entrevista con Joaquín Fermandois y Arturo Fontaine). Estudios Públicos 72, 75-112.

 

Publicación original: Korry, E.M. 1998. Chile en los archivos de EE.UU. (1970). Documentos del embajador de Estados Unidos en Chile (1967-1971). Estudios Públicos 72, 325-390.
Impact of Anomalous Active Regions on the Large-scale Magnetic Field of the Sun
Authors: Pal Shaonwita , Bhowmik Prantika , Mahajan Sushant S. , Nandy Dibyendu
Published: August 2023

One of the major sources of perturbation in the solar cycle amplitude is believed to be the emergence of anomalous active regions that do not obey Hale’s polarity law and Joy’s law of tilt angles. Anomalous regions containing high magnetic flux that disproportionately impact the polar field are sometimes referred to as “rogue regions.” In this study, utilizing a surface flux transport model, we analyze the large-scale dipole moment buildup due to the emergence of anomalous active regions on the solar surface. Although these active regions comprise a small fraction of the total sunspot number, they can substantially influence the magnetic dipole moment buildup and subsequent solar cycle amplitude. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that the impact of “anti-Joy” regions on the solar cycle is similar to those of “anti-Hale” regions. We also find that the emergence time, emergence latitude, relative number, and flux distribution of anomalous regions influence the large-scale magnetic field dynamics in diverse ways. We establish that the results of our numerical study are consistent with the algebraic (analytic) approach to explaining the Sun’s dipole moment evolution. Our results are relevant for understanding how anomalous active regions modulate the Sun’s large-scale dipole moment buildup and its reversal timing within the framework of the Babcock–Leighton dynamo mechanism—now believed to be the primary source of solar cycle variations.
Multiwavelength Temporal Variability of the Blazar PKS 1510–089
Authors: Yuan Q. , Kushwaha Pankaj , Gupta Alok C. , Tripathi Ashutosh , Wiita Paul J. , Zhang M. , Liu X. , Lähteenmäki Anne , Tornikoski Merja , Tammi Joni , Ramakrishnan Venkatessh , Cui L. , Wang X. , Gu M. F. , Bambi Cosimo , Volvach A. E.
Published: August 2023

We perform correlation and periodicity search analyses on long-term multiband light curves of the flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 1510−089 observed by the space-based Fermi-Large Area Telescope in γ-rays, the SMARTS and Steward Observatory telescopes in optical and near-infrared (NIR), and the 13.7 m radio telescope in Metsähovi Radio Observatory between 2008 and 2018. The z-transform discrete correlation function method is applied to study the correlation and possible time lags among these multiband light curves. Among all pairs of wavelengths, the γ-ray versus optical/NIR and optical versus NIR correlations show zero time lags; however, both the γ-ray and optical/NIR emissions precede the radio radiation. The generalized Lomb–Scargle periodogram, weighted wavelet z-transform, and REDFIT techniques are employed to investigate the unresolved core emission–dominated 37 GHz light curve and yield evidence for a quasi period around 1540 days, although given the length of the whole data set it cannot be claimed to be significant. We also investigate the optical/NIR color variability and find that this source shows a simple redder-when-brighter behavior over time, even in the low-flux state.
Demonstrating Photon Ring Existence with Single-baseline Polarimetry
Authors: Palumbo Daniel C. M. , Wong George N. , Chael Andrew , Johnson Michael D.
Published: August 2023

Images of supermassive black hole accretion flows contain features of both curved spacetime and plasma structure. Inferring properties of the spacetime from images requires modeling the plasma properties, and vice versa. The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration has imaged near-horizon millimeter emission from both Messier 87* (M87*) and Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) and has found a preference for magnetically arrested disk (MAD) accretion in each case. MAD accretion enables spacetime measurements through future observations of the photon ring, the image feature composed of near-orbiting photons. The ordered fields and relatively weak Faraday rotation of MADs yield rotationally symmetric polarization when viewed at modest inclination. In this letter, we utilize this symmetry along with parallel transport symmetries to construct a gain-robust interferometric quantity that detects the transition between the weakly lensed accretion flow image and the strongly lensed photon ring. We predict a shift in polarimetric phases on long baselines and demonstrate that the photon rings in M87* and Sgr A* can be unambiguously detected with sensitive, long-baseline measurements. For M87*, we find that photon ring detection in snapshot observations requires ∼1 mJy sensitivity on >15 Gλ baselines at 230 GHz and above, which could be achieved with space-VLBI or higher-frequency ground-based VLBI. For Sgr A*, we find that interstellar scattering inhibits photon ring detectability at 230 GHz, but ∼10 mJy sensitivity on >12 Gλ baselines at 345 GHz is sufficient and is accessible from the ground. For both sources, these sensitivity requirements may be relaxed by repeated observations and averaging.
A Chondritic Solar Neighborhood
Authors: Trierweiler Isabella L. , Doyle Alexandra E. , Young Edward D.
Published: August 2023

A persistent question in exoplanet demographics is whether exoplanetary systems form from similar compositional building blocks to our own. Polluted white dwarf stars offer a unique way to address this question, as they provide measurements of the bulk compositions of exoplanetary material. We present a statistical analysis of the rocks polluting oxygen-bearing white dwarfs and compare their compositions to rocks in the solar system. We find that the majority of the extrasolar rocks are consistent with the composition of typical chondrites. Measurement uncertainties prevent distinguishing between chondrites and bulk Earth but do permit detecting the differences between chondritic compositions and basaltic or continental crust. We find no evidence of crust among the polluted white dwarfs. We show that the chondritic nature of extrasolar rocks is also supported by the compositions of local stars. While galactic chemical evolution results in variations in the relative abundances of rock-forming elements spatially and temporally on galaxy-wide scales, the current sample of polluted white dwarfs are sufficiently young and close to Earth that they are not affected by this process. We conclude that exotic compositions are not required to explain the majority of observed rock types around polluted white dwarfs and that variations between exoplanetary compositions in the stellar neighborhood are generally not due to significant differences in the initial composition of protoplanetary disks. Nonetheless, there is evidence from stellar observations that planets formed in the first several billion years in the Galaxy have lower metal core fractions compared with Earth on average.
Photometric Survey of Neptune's Trojan Asteroids. I. The Color Distribution
Authors: Markwardt Larissa , Wen Lin 林 Hsing 省文 , Gerdes David , Adams Fred C.
Published: August 2023

In 2018, Jewitt identified the “The Trojan Color Conundrum,” namely that Neptune's Trojan asteroids (NTs) had no ultrared members, unlike the the nearby Kuiper Belt. Since then, numerous ultrared NTs have been discovered, seemingly resolving this conundrum. However, it is still unclear whether or not the Kuiper Belt has a color distribution consistent with the NT population, as would be expected if it were the source population. In this work, we present a new photometric survey of 15 out of 31 NTs. We utilized the Sloan

g
′
r
′
i
′
z
′

filters on the IMACS f/4 instrument, which is mounted on the 6.5 m Baade telescope. In this survey, we identify four NTs as being ultrared using a principal component analysis. This result brings the ratio of red to ultrared NTs to 7.75:1, more consistent with the corresponding trans-Neptunian object ratio of 4–11:1. We also identify three targets as being blue (nearly solar) in color. Such objects may be C-type surfaces, but we see more of these blue NTs than has been observed in the Kuiper Belt. Finally, we show that there are hints of a color-absolute magnitude (H) correlation, with larger H (smaller sized, lower albedo) tending to be more red, but more data are needed to confirm this result. The origin of such a correlation remains an open question that will be addressed by future observations of the surface composition of these targets and their rotational properties.
Clinical Features, Imaging, Laboratory Result, and Severity of COVID-19 Patients in Referral Hospital
Authors: Safarini Bekti , Arif Mohamad , Pertiwi Danis , Santika Puji Rahayu Wijaya  , Yuliyanti Suryani
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic became a global health problem due to the high number of cases and no specific treatment. Furthermore, the diagnosis was difficult due to limited publication data and diagnostic tests.
AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the demographics, clinical features, laboratory results, radiological results, and factors related to the severity of COVID-19 at a referral hospital.
METHODS: A descriptive analytic study of confirmed COVID-19 patients was conducted during March–October 2020. Data were collected from the medical records to determine the patient demographics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory, chest X-ray, and first illness severity at 24 h of treatment.
RESULTS: There were 79 (59%) male and 55 (41%) female patients during the study. The clinical symptoms were fever 103 (77%), cough 100 (75%),  shortness of breath 88 (66%), comorbidities of diabetes mellitus 18 (13%), hypertension 24 (18%), and heart disease 20 (15%). The patient’s laboratory profiles were lymphopenia 85 (63%) and increased C-reactive protein 82 (61%). The radiology imaging of the patients was mostly atypical of COVID-19. Factors that influence the severity of COVID-19 are age, comorbid diabetes, and hypertension
CONCLUSION: Most cases with severe symptoms are old age, a history of comorbid diabetes mellitus and heart disease, and abnormal laboratory results.
Biodiversity Monitoring with Intelligent Sensors: An Integrated Pipeline for Mitigating Animal-Vehicle Collisions
Authors: Moulherat Sylvain , Pautrel Léa , Debat Guillaume , Etienne Marie-Pierre , Gendron Lucie , Hautière Nicolas , Tarel Jean-Philippe , Testud Guillaume , Gimenez Olivier
Published: August 2023

Transports of people and goods contribute to the ongoing 6th mass extinction of species. They impact species viability by reducing the availability of suitable habitat, by limiting connectivity between suitable patches, and by increasing direct mortality due to collisions with vehicles. Not only does it represent a threat for some species conservation capabilities, but animal vehicle collisions (AVC) is also a threat for human safety and security in transport and has a massive cost for transport infrastructure (TI) managers and users. Using the opportunities offered by the increasing number of sensors embedded into TI and the development of their digital twins, we developed a framework aiming at managing AVC by mapping the collision risk between trains and ungulates (roe deer and wild boar) thanks to the deployment of a camera trap network. The proposed framework uses population dynamic simulations to identify collision hotspots and assist with the design of sensors deployment. Once sensors are deployed, the data collected, here photos, are processed through deep learning to detect and identify species at the TI vicinity. Then, the processed data are fed to an abundance model able to map species relative abundance of species around the TI as a proxy of the collision risk. We implement the framework on an actual section of railway in south-western France benefiting from a mitigation and monitoring strategy. The implementation thus highlighted the technical and fundamental requirements to effectively mainstream biodiversity concerns in the TI digital twins. This would contribute to the AVC management in autonomous vehicles thanks to connected TI.
Thiotricha sumpichi sp. nov. – a new species of Thiotrichinae (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from south-eastern Europe
Authors: Bidzilya Oleksiy V. , Huemer Peter , Karsholt Ole
Published: August 2023

Thiotricha sumpichisp. nov. is described from Greece and Croatia. The systematic position of the new species within Thiotricha is discussed based on external and genitalia characters and from DNA barcodes of the mitochondrial COI gene (cytochrome c oxidase 1). Adults, details of external morphology, and male and female genitalia of the new species are illustrated.
Precision Medicine–Based Machine Learning Analyses to Explore Optimal Exercise Therapies for Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis: Random Forest-Informed Tree-Based Learning
Authors: Kim Siyeon , Kosorok Michael R. , Arbeeva Liubov , Schwartz Todd A. , Callahan Leigh F. , Golightly Yvonne M. , Nelson Amanda E. , Allen Kelli D.
Published: August 2023

Objective

We applied a precision medicine–based machine learning approach to discover underlying patient characteristics associated with differential improvement in knee osteoarthritis symptoms following standard physical therapy (PT), internet-based exercise training (IBET), and a usual care/wait list control condition.

Methods

Participants (n = 303) were from the Physical Therapy vs Internet-Based Training for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis trial. The primary outcome was the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score at 12-month follow-up. Random forest-informed tree-based learning was applied to identify patient characteristics that were critical to improving outcomes, and patients with those features were grouped.

Results

Age, BMI, and Brief Fear of Movement (BFOM) score, all at baseline, were identified as characteristics that effectively divided participants, creating 6 subgroups. Assigning treatments according to these models, compared to assigning a single best treatment to all patients, resulted in greater improvements of the average WOMAC at 12 months (P= 0.01). Key patterns were that IBET was the optimal treatment for patients of younger age and low BFOM, whereas PT was the optimal treatment for patients of older age, high BFOM, and BMI (kg/m2) between 26.3 and 37.2.

Conclusion

These results suggest that easily assessed patient characteristics including age, fear of movement, and BMI could be used to guide patients toward either home-based exercise or PT, though additional studies are needed to confirm these findings. (ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02312713)
Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of the Recurrence of Organizing Pneumonia Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kamei Ryosuke , Yamashita Hiroyuki , Kaneko Hiroshi
Published: August 2023

Objective

To clarify the clinical characteristics of organizing pneumonia (OP) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA; RA-OP) and the association of OP development with RA exacerbation, and to identify OP recurrence predictors.

Methods

Data from 33 patients with RA-OP admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed (2006-2016).

Results

RA onset preceded OP onset in 82% of patients, whereas OP onset preceded (OP-preceding) or co-occurred with RA in 9% of patients each. Median age at first OP onset was 64.0 years, and the period from RA onset to first OP onset was 5.5 years. At OP onset, 42% of events exhibited unilateral involvement and 76% had normal Krebs von den Lungen-6. RA disease control remained optimal in 52% of events and was exacerbated in 18% of events. Ten patients (30%) experienced OP recurrence with an interval of 13.0 months between events, and the first OP recurrence rate was 127/1000 person-years. Compared with nonrecurrent cases (n = 14), recurrent cases (n = 10) showed lower age at first OP onset (59.5 vs 67.1 yrs;P= 0.04) and a shorter period from RA onset to first OP onset (6.4 vs 14.2 yrs;P= 0.047); moreover, these cases included a higher number of OP-preceding patients (30% vs 0%;P= 0.03) and ever smokers (80% vs 36%;P= 0.03). OP-preceding patients showed shorter median recurrence-free survival time (15 vs 136 months;P= 0.01) and higher recurrence risk (hazard ratio 5.45;P= 0.02).

Conclusion

RA-OP showed a high recurrence rate and was not associated with RA exacerbation. Four RA-OP recurrence predictors were identified.
Proceedings of the Collaborative Research Network Meeting at the GRAPPA 2022 Annual Meeting
Authors: Ng Beverly Cheok Kuan , Jadon Deepak , Behrens Frank , de Wit Maarten , FitzGerald Oliver , Gladman Dafna D. , Mease Philip J. , O’Sullivan Denis , Pennington Stephen R. , Schett Georg , Chandran Vinod , de Vlam Kurt
Published: August 2023

At the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2022 annual meeting, the Collaborative Research Network (CRN) met to present updates on several projects. These included the GRAPPA-Industry biomarker projects, Axial Psoriatic Arthritis Molecular and Clinical Characterisation Study, Axial Involvement in Psoriatic Arthritis Cohort (AXIS) study, and the Health Initiatives in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Consortium European States (HIPPOCRATES). The meeting concluded with a discussion on pathways to further academia-industry collaboration.
Novel Insights From Basic Science in Psoriatic Disease at the GRAPPA 2022 Annual Meeting
Authors: Siebert Stefan , Pennington Stephen R. , Raychaudhuri Siba P. , Chaudhari Abhijit J. , Jin Joy Q. , Liao Wilson , Chandran Vinod , FitzGerald Oliver
Published: August 2023

Recent basic science advances in psoriatic disease (PsD) were presented and discussed at the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2022 annual meeting. Topics included clinical applications of biomarkers, what the future of biomarkers for PsD may hold, the challenges of developing biomarker research to the point of clinical utility, advances in total-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging, and emerging concepts from single-cell studies in PsD.
Effect of an Anti-Stigma Program on Self-Stigma for Chinese Individuals With Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study With a Quasi-Experimental Design
Authors: Fu Po Chun , Hsu Chia Ling , Huang Min Hsi , Yang Chiu Yueh
Published: August 2023

The current study explored the effectiveness of an anti-stigma group program for people with schizophrenia. Thirty-four participants recruited from a psychiatric day hospital were allocated to the experimental group (EG) or control group (CG). The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMIS), Perceived Psychiatric Stigma Scale (PPSS), and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were used to measure outcomes, which were evaluated at baseline, immediately post program, and 3-month follow up. Generalized estimating equations showed that the EG attained a greater reduction in the stigma resistance subscale of the ISMIS than the CG at posttest and 3-month follow up. Scores on the self-deprecation subscales (
p
= 0.025) and concerns about marital preclusion (
p
= 0.037) on the PPSS and BDI-II (
p
= 0.027) in the EG showed significant improvement over those of the CG at 3-month follow up. The anti-stigma group program seems to be effective in reducing self-stigma and depressive symptoms in people with schizophrenia. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62
(2), 37–45.]
Beam bending and Λ-fractional analysis
Authors: Lazopoulos K.A. , Lazopoulos A.K.
Published: August 2023

Since the global stability criteria for Λ-fractional mechanics have been established, the Λ-fractional beam bending problem is discussed within that context. The co-existence of the phase phenomenon is revealed, allowing for elastic curves with non-smooth curvatures. The variational bending problem in the Λ-fractional space is considered. Global minimization of the total energy function of beam bending is necessarily applied. The variational Euler-Lagrange equation yields an equilibrium equation of the elastic curve, with the simultaneous possible corners being expressed by Weierstrass-Erdmann corner conditions.
Fixed-point results via $ \alpha_{i}^{j} $-$ \left({\bf D}_{{\mathscr{C}}}\left(\mathfrak{P}_{\hat E}\right)\right) $-contractions in partial $ \flat $-metric spaces
Authors: Dönmez Leyla Sağ , Büyükkaya Abdurrahman , Öztürk Mahpeyker
Published: August 2023

In this study, we characterize a novel contraction mapping referred to as $ \alpha_{i}^{j} $-$ \left({\bf D}_{{\mathscr{C}}}\left(\mathfrak{P}_{\hat E}\right)\right) $-contraction in light of $ {\bf D}_{\mathscr{C}} $-contraction mappings associated with the Geraghty-type contraction and $ E $-type contraction. Besides, a novel common fixed-point theorem providing such mappings is demonstrated in the context of partial $ \flat $-metric spaces. It is stated that the main theorem is a generalization of the existing literature, and its comparisons with the results are expressed. Additionally, the efficiency of the result of this study is demonstrated through some examples and an application to homotopy theory.
Modelling the transmission and control of COVID-19 in Yangzhou city with the implementation of Zero-COVID policy
Authors: Li Juan , Bao Wendi , Zhang Xianghong , Song Yongzhong , Lin Zhigui , Zhu Huaiping
Published: August 2023

In the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, China has long adhered to the "Dynamic Zero COVID-19" strategy till the end of 2022. To understand the mechanism of this strategy, we used the case of the Yangzhou summer outbreak in 2021 and a multi-stage dynamical model incorporating city-wide and key area testing-trace-isolation (TTI) strategies. We defined two time-varying indexes for measuring the disease transmission risk and the public health prevention and control force, respectively, which allowed us to explore the mechanisms of TTI policies. Integrating with the historical data and literature parameter values, we first estimated the parameters and then quantified the relevant indexes over time. The findings showed that multiple rounds of rapid testing were one of the critical measures to overcome the outbreak in Yangzhou within one month. In addition, we compared the impact of the duration of the free transmission stage, tracking rate, testing interval and precise division of key areas on the epidemiological indicators, including the final sizes of infections and isolations, peak value, peak arrival time and epidemic duration and the minimum round of testing. Our results suggest that the early detection of the epidemic, an improved efficiency of tracking, and a reduced duration of each test play a positive role in restraining COVID-19; however, a considerable investment of resources was essential to achieve a significant effect quickly.
Providing Access Isolation to Information in the Database
Authors: Arman Akanov , Kakim Sagindykov
Published: August 2023

Most modern database management systems (DBMS) provide the ability to restrict user access to database objects. The problems of restricting access to individual records are arising increasingly in connection with the growing need for flexibility in restricting access in modern databases, including when using them to store information classified as state or commercial secrets. Currently, these tasks are solved individually, and there are no commonly formalized approaches to designing such access restrictions. The study aims to reduce the design time for database schemes when it is necessary to restrict access to individual records of the database tables and improve the quality of the designed schemes by using the proposed algorithms. Questions about the design of the protected databases with the use of access restrictions to separate records are considered. Both restriction of illegal access to records, and granting false camouflage information instead of required is considered. The proposed software package will consist of 2 main parts: a database and a client application. To differentiate access, the study proposed the use of a record-protecting lock.
Identifying Professional Attributes and Behaviors of Healthcare Educators in Distance Learning Programs
Authors: Sadiq Naushaba , Fatima Fozia , Rauf Ayesha , Fatima Safia , Ayub Rukhsana
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of this study was to identify professional attributes and behaviors of healthcare educators in distance learning programs. A qualitative exploratory study was conducted. The population of this study was intended to consist of all students from a variety of locations and specialties in the certification program in health professions education (CHPE Fall-2020). There were 15 focus group discussions. Professional attribute and behaviors of healthcare educators based on their personal and social characteristics and actions. The prerequisite of an effective teacher was a part of the character of health care educators, and the teacher's personality is seen as a personal quality that lead to their obligations, topic expertise, pedagogical understanding, and dedication to change and continual improvement were all regarded as professional conduct of healthcare educators. Working interactions outside of the classroom, including social adaptability and flexibility, are regarded as social qualities and conduct of health care educators.
Matching Degree Between University Students' Digital Literacy and the Current Situation of Mobile Language Learning
Authors: Zhang Kai , Pochuieva Olha
Published: August 2023

Based on the current situation of university students' mobile phone language learning, this paper investigates whether university students' digital literacy can effectively support their mobile phone language learning, aiming at clarifying the matching between university students' digital literacy and the current situation of mobile phone language learning, and constructing corresponding application mechanisms. It is found that university students' existing digital literacy can not effectively support their mobile language learning practices, which shows that the former has a significant impact on the application level of the latter. The two are significantly related in many elements, but the matching degree between many pairs of related elements is low and the deviation is large: the existing acquisition skill of digital literacy have a negative impact on the satisfaction and usefulness of mobile language learning; Low-level creative skill have a negative impact on the usefulness, convenience and satisfaction of mobile phone language learning. Therefore, measures such as promoting the development of general digital literacy to specialized digital literacy, adopting digital literacy promotion plan that integrate daily contact and training interventions, carrying out teaching activities based on low deviation matching, and using demographic characteristics to adjust digital literacy can improve the level of mobile language learning adoption.
A Case for Low-Cost Personal Electronic Laboratory Equipment using FPGAs
Authors: Adegbite Timothy Olanrewaju , Akinwale Olawale Babatunde
Published: August 2023

The field of reconfigurable computing is gaining a lot of following, and several use cases have been developed for it. At the centre of reconfigurable computing is the field programmable gate array (FPGA) due to its computational speed and versatility. The goal of the work reported here was to show that a single FPGA board paired with a computer monitor can be used as the sole laboratory equipment in a cash-strapped educational institution or by an individual. A Terasic DE1-SoC board was programmed as an oscilloscope, and digital multimeter. In keeping with the low-cost theme of this work, no external signal conditioning circuit was used and the on-board LTC2308 ADC was used for signal acquisition. At frequencies below 15 kHz, the voltage measurements of the developed FPGA lab instrument had a mean error of 58 mV. The voltage measurement errors, however, increased with an increase in frequency and the errors were significant when the signal frequencies exceeded 100 kHz. In terms of the use of the FPGA to replace multiple lab instruments, 13% of the DSPs on the FPGA were used for the implementation and 80% of the Adaptive logic modules. We therefore demonstrate that with $300 dollars, multiple pieces of laboratory equipment can be replaced by a single FPGA board and a monitor.
Evaluation of Robotic Ankle-Foot Orthosis with Different Actuators Using Simscape Multibody for Foot-Drop Patients
Authors: Govindaraj Gowrishankar , Selvakumar Arockia Doss Arockia
Published: August 2023

Gait cycle plays a major role in human locomotion. Patients with neuromuscular problems are unable to walk normally. Foot drop causes difficulty in lifting the front part of the foot and affects the dorsiflexion (DF) and plantar flexion (PF) motion of the foot. Patient with foot drop must use ankle braces to achieve a normal gait. The existing ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) has its own limitations, as it does not produce adequate PF motion. To overcome this scenario, a study was conducted to analyse the two-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) motion of a robotic ankle foot orthosis (RAFO) with a spring-based series elastic actuator (SEA) and scissor actuator. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the two DOF of RAFO with two different actuators using simscape multibody. The RAFO with actuators were designed using Solidworks, and simulation was carried out using simscape multibody, to analyse the 2-DOF motion. The dynamic motion analysis was carried out using block libraries, bodies, joints, constraints, revolute joints, sensors and a proportional integral (PI) controller. From the simulation results, the total range of motion (ROM) 40° (PF angle of –25° and DF angle of 15°) is achieved by the proposed RAFO with different actuators. Further, based on the results, the input power consumption of spring-based SEA was found to be less than the scissor actuator. Similarly, torque and output power generation of the scissor actuator was found to be greater than spring-based SEA to achieve the normal human ROM. Hence, the designer can choose a hybrid actuator for foot-drop-disorder applications.
Transforming Healthcare: Leveraging Vision-Based Neural Networks for Smart Home Patient Monitoring
Authors: Gibet Tani Hicham , Eloutouate Lamiae , Elouaai Fatiha , Bouhorma Mohammed , Hajoub Mohamed Walid
Published: August 2023

Image captioning is a promising technique for remote monitoring of patient behavior, enabling healthcare providers to identify changes in patient routines and conditions. In this study, we explore the use of transformer neural networks for image caption generation from surveillance camera footage, captured at regular intervals of one minute. Our goal is to develop and evaluate a transformer neural network model, trained and tested on the COCO (common objects in context) dataset, for generating captions that describe patient behavior. Furthermore, we will compare our proposed approach with a traditional convolutional neural network (CNN) method to highlight the prominence of our proposed approach. Our findings demonstrate the potential of transformer neural networks in generating natural language descriptions of patient behavior, which can provide valuable insights for healthcare providers. The use of such technology can allow for more efficient monitoring of patients, enabling timely interventions when necessary. Moreover, our study highlights the potential of transformer neural networks in identifying patterns and trends in patient behavior over time, which can aid in developing personalized healthcare plans.
“O Rio de Janeiro é mais que a cidade do Rio de Janeiro”: circuitos urbanos e coletivos audiovisuais da Baixada Fluminense
Authors: Melo Renata da Silva
Published: August 2023

Este artigo reflete sobre processos de disputa e imaginação da cidade a partir de intervenções estéticas e debates realizados por meio da linguagem audiovisual. O objetivo é discutir sobre redefinições da ideia de periferia na história recente do Brasil e seu impacto sobre formas de representação e circulação pelo espaço urbano por segmentos populares marginalizados. Para tanto, será apresentado um relato etnográfico sobre um circuito audiovisual da Baixada Fluminense. Há mais de duas décadas, coletivos da região têm atuado na construção de sociabilidades e relações com a cidade que desafiam representações hegemônicas e a centralidade de certos espaços na cena cultural carioca. Seus integrantes propõem a criação de alternativas culturais em áreas historicamente invisibilizadas da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, as quais têm sido matéria-prima para a produção de uma grande variedade de narrativas audiovisuais.
Transforming Pedagogy in Uncertain Times
Authors: Robertson Sylvia
Published: August 2023

This chapter reports on a study carried out in a New Zealand university during 2021. The study investigated the perceptions of first-year tertiary students as they adapted from an in-person context to a blended learning format as a result of pandemic restrictions. The study used the community of inquiry model (CoI) as a framework seeking to explore the teaching, cognitive, and social presences in the blended format. The CoI instrument was adapted to survey the students, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the findings. Findings indicate the students had positive perceptions of the blended format, and there is support for the presence of a community of inquiry in a blended context. There are implications for universities post-pandemic in terms of student satisfaction, teacher workload, and teacher professional development.
Digital Transformation in Clinical Legal Education, Virtual Law Clinics, and Access to Justice
Authors: Puthalath Shibu , Mallaiah M. R. , Sekhar Viswesh
Published: August 2023

Clinical legal education (CLE) promotes skill training and service learning. It provides an opening to comprehend the law and practice through practical training. Access to justice with lawyering skills is the fundamental objective of CLE. Law students can uphold the ‘rule of law' and play the leading role in legal services to the needy. Millions of people continue to be denied access to the legal system. The success of the digital transformation in CLE depends on the availability and efficiency of the adoption of advanced technology. The main theme of this chapter is to examine how the law schools approached the mode of CLE amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges faced while delivering services through VLC and examine the various types of online pro bono works. This chapter is designed in both doctrinal and analytical in terms of methodology. It also focuses on the new experiences globally in using IT and the methods that law schools can use through technology to improve access to justice.
Process Mining in Production Management, Intelligent Control, and Advanced KPI for Dynamic Process Optimization
Authors: Massaro Alessandro
Published: August 2023

The book chapter is focused on the definition of efficient models to apply to production processes. Specifically, starting to business process modelling and notation (BPMN) approach, are defined rules and methods to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) and innovative key performance indicators (KPIs) for task checkpoints implementing a dynamic and intelligent decision-making approach. The whole theoretical mechanism constitutes a decision support system (DSS) model supporting risk analyses including aspects related to organization, predictive maintenance, and the use of technologies in the era of Industry 5.0. Particular attention is addressed on methods about the efficient monitoring of production processes by means process mining (PM) workflows. Different examples are provided in the book chapter, by enhancing the aspect related to the DSS logics and implementation of logic conditions. The discussed model opens a new topic about intelligent BPMN and process engineering including AI facilities strengthening decisions in operating processes.
The Explainable Model to Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning Toward an Autonomous Smart System
Authors: Yamaguchi Tomohiro
Published: August 2023

The mission of this chapter is to add an explainable model to multi-goal reinforcement learning toward an autonomous smart system to design both complex behaviors and complex decision making friendly for a human user. At the front of the introduction section, and a relation between reinforcement learning including an explainable model and a smart system is described. To realize the explainable model, this chapter formalizes the exploration of various behaviors toward sub-goal states efficiently and in a systematic way in order to collect complex behaviors from a start state towards the main goal state. However, it incurs significant learning costs in previous learning methods, such as behavior cloning. Therefore, this chapter proposes a novel multi-goal reinforcement learning method based on the iterative loop-action selection strategy. As a result, the complex behavior sequence is learned with a given sub-goal sequence as a sequence of macro actions. This chapter reports the preliminary work carried out under the OpenAIGym learning environment with the CartPoleSwingUp task.
Analyses of Visitors' Experiences in Museums Based on E-Word of Mouth and Tripadvisors Online Reviews
Authors: Richmond Fordjour , Uchechukwu Nwogu Chimaraoke , Ramos Célia M. Q.
Published: August 2023

Culture is one of the reasons that encourage many tourists to travel, one of the places par excellences to show the culture and values of a people is the museum, a monument responsible for the transmission of knowledge between generations. Additionally, visiting museums can contribute economically to local populations. In this context, this chapter intends to analyze the experience lived by the visitor in one of the two most important museums on the African continent, Ghana, and Nigeria, through the analysis of the content generated in social media, which may or may not contribute to encouraging the visit of new tourists. The methodology used was text mining with the application of sentiment analysis. As a result, it was concluded that the visitors considered the experience very positive and described it as an interesting, valuable, and beautiful/wonderful visit.
Energy-Efficient and High-Performance IoT-Based WSN Architecture for Precision Agriculture Monitoring Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Kumar J. Charles Rajesh , Majid M. A.
Published: August 2023

Traditional irrigation systems for agricultural lands are expensive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. Utilizing cutting-edge technology like machine learning, the internet of things, and wireless sensor networks, smart farming addresses current issues with agricultural sustainability while boosting the quantity and quality of crop production from the fields to fulfill the rising food demand. Soil moisture and temperature sensors are used to create a low-cost, real-time IoT-based automatic irrigation system. Two groups have been formed with the sensor information such as “require water” and “not require water” and saved on the server. The device intelligently determines whether the field needs water and automatically turns “ON” or “OFF” the motor. Machine learning based models such as k-nearest neighbor, support vector machines, decision tree, and naive bayes are applied to decide irrigation requirements. Performance metrics show that the KNN classifier performs better than the other two models. The suggested framework allows for better field monitoring and visualization.
Women's Empowerment and Tourism Development
Authors: Singh Amrik , Anantharajah Sumitha , Francis Ruth Sabina
Published: August 2023

Women's empowerment has become a crucial component of sustainable tourism development in tourist destinations. Meanwhile, achieving gender equality and empowering women constitutes the fifth goal of the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda (UN-SDGs). Since 2007, UNWTO has been working—through its Ethics, Culture, and Social Responsibility Department—in partnership with UN Women and a range of external partners across the globe, to bring gender issues to the forefront of the tourism sector, promoting gender equality and women's empowerment and encouraging member states to mainstream gender issues in their respective tourism policies. The present study aims to investigate the influence of women's empowerment on tourism development in India. The current study aims to investigate the perceptions of women's work in tourism and women's entrepreneurship as predictors of women's empowerment in the tourism sector. Limitations and directions for future research are also addressed.
The Role of Diversity Management in Women's Empowerment in the Tourism Sector
Authors: Sak Melike , Bayram Gül Erkol , Bayram Ali Turan
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to develop suggestions for removing the obstacles and difficulties in front of the career development of women in the tourism sector in Turkey. In addition to this situation, suggestions will be made to remove the gender discrimination faced by women in working life and the obstacles in front of their career development. In order for women to be empowered in working life, the opportunities they need should be provided. It is thought that diversity management can create an opportunity for this to happen. It is thought that diversity management can have a significant impact on the implementation of practices that can reveal the talents and potentials of women so that they have equal rights with men. Thus, many obstacles in front of women can be removed by using diversity management. Strategies have been determined to eliminate the career barriers of women and suggestions and strategies have been tried to be developed to overcome the obstacles in front of women working in the sector.
Tourism as a Women's Empowerment Tool
Authors: Rahman Eman Zameer , Shah Haider Ali
Published: August 2023

There is an increasing rate of women travelers and entrepreneurs globally, generally associated with the movement of 'women empowerment'. The tourism industry has increased the opportunity for businesses, while women are playing a full role in overtaking these opportunities. The chapter highlights modern women and the role that the tourism industry has played to empower them through the inter-role factors, the impact of digitization, and issues to women in the tourism industry as an entrepreneur. Sustainable tourism development in popular destinations increasingly depends on women's empowerment. On the other hand, empowering women and achieving gender equality is one of the goals of the United Nations' sustainable development agenda (UN-SDGs). Entrepreneurship is a key factor in advancing women's equality.
Women Members on Boards of Directors
Authors: Yener Serdar , Rocha Helena Belchior
Published: August 2023

In this study, the number and proportion of women in the boards of directors of publicly traded enterprises in the tourism sector at Borsa Istanbul in Turkey, the CSR, and sustainability performances of these enterprises were revealed by using a case study pattern from qualitative research methods. Within the framework of the document analysis, the number of female executives serving in the boards of directors of the enterprises operating in Borsa İstanbul and their ratio to the total number of board members will be recorded according to the year-end activity reports and websites announced on the public disclosure platform. The number and proportion of women on boards of directors will be the first unit of analysis to be used in the case study. MAXQDA 2020 qualitative research analysis software will be used in the study.
Tourism Social Entrepreneurship and Roles in Activating SDGs
Authors: Raza Ali , Asif Laiba , Shaikh Erum , Alhanhanah Waleed M.
Published: August 2023

Sustainable development along with social entrepreneurship is providing a new approach to the tourism industry. Tourism social entrepreneurship is all about how to take beneficial steps that reduce the negative effects in the tourism industry. It is the responsibility of the entrepreneurs to actively play their role in maintaining sustainability and taking advanced, innovative, and bold steps. It depends upon them how they fulfill the current needs without sacrificing future needs, as this is a key concept of sustainable development goals. Corporate socially responsible firms are sustainable firms. Those industries which are not applying these strategies are now suffering because there is a limited understanding of the fusion of SDGs and tourism social entrepreneurship. How do they apply the SDGs strategies as a part of their strategic planning industry? This chapter contributes to the emerging role of tourism social entrepreneurs and also tells how they achieve sustainability with a combination of 17 strategies and fusions of SDGs.
Fashion Brands and Social Networks
Authors: Nikiforova Nedka Dechkova
Published: August 2023

Social networks affect positively the consumers' brand loyalty. They represent a key tool to efficiently maintain existing consumers and/or to attract new ones. An increasingly more used strategy by several fashion brands is to engage influencers for mentions on social network platforms, also in view of brand strategies to reach certain types of consumers. In this chapter, the author proposes in a conceptual framework a novel approach to efficiently reveal the influencers' language adopted on social networks for sponsored with respect to not sponsored contents, and by also taking care of aspects related to the consumers' engagement. The core component of the approach is the structural topic model, which is a substantial improvement of the latent Dirichlet allocation method. The structural topic model can provide promising results which can be successfully employed by interested practitioners and brand managers to efficiently define marketing strategies, or to strengthen existing ones.