bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editing Middle English Medical Manuscripts : The Case of Glasgow University Library MS Hunter 509
Authors: Esteban-Segura María Laura
Published: November 2017

It has been pointed out that the editing of a scientific treatise should be “an extended and challenging exercise in judgment, requiring an earnest commitment to scholarship” (Keiser 1998: 110). In the present article, the challenges and steps involved in the process of editing a specific Middle English medical text, G.U.L. MS Hunter 509, are dealt with. After a brief introduction to the manuscript, the stages previous to editing are discussed. These include transcription, of which the main difficulties are addressed and possible ways to overcome them put forward, lemmatisation and morphological tagging. Then, the two types of edition that have been carried out, printed and electronic, are presented. A comment on the glossary and list of lemmas closes the article.
Multicultural Teamwork as a Source of Experiential Learning and Intercultural Development
Authors: Méndez García Mª del Carmen , Pérez Cañado Mª Luisa
Published: November 2017

This paper delves into multicultural teamwork as a source of experiential learning. It starts with a theoretical consideration of work in global teams, with a particular stress on the possibilities they offer for experiential learning on a cooperative and collaborative basis. From a practical sphere, the paper presents part of the results yielded by a study on multicultural teamwork dynamics in which the opportunities these types of groups provide for learning on the spot are explored in the light of the team members’ development of key components of intercultural competence. The paper concludes with a reflection on the relevance of experiential learning for multicultural team workers’ life-long learning.
From "Corner Shop" to "Corner Man" : Conceptual Relations and Context in the Creation and Interpretation of Noun-Noun Sequences
Authors: Portero Muñoz Carmen
Published: November 2017

In this paper it will be argued that there are two different and equally relevant factors intervening in the creation and interpretation of noun-noun sequences in English. On the one hand, the concepts denoted by the nouns involved will determine some preferences to combine with other nouns, since certain semantic relations are cognitively salient with each semantic type of noun and are therefore privileged. By means of corpus data it will be shown that there are two main types of conceptual relations holding between the two nouns in a sequence, depending on the semantics of the nouns, namely argument relations and adverbial relations. On the other hand, it will be claimed that conceptual combination is a dynamic process that must take context (either world-knowledge, co-text, or situational context) into account.
Do you "(Mis)Understand" What I Mean? : Pragmatic Strategies to Avoid Cognitive Maladjustment
Authors: Romero-Trillo Jesús , Lenn Elizabeth
Published: November 2017

This article studies misunderstanding as a key factor in identifying the psychological basis of interactional cognitive maladjustment. The study focuses on the linguistic strategies to avoid pragmatic misunderstanding employed in conversations in Spanish and English and between native and non-native speakers of English. In particular, we analyze the use of pragmatic markers as adaptive management to avoid misunderstanding in conversation. Through the classification of pragmatic markers as rhetorical or overt, we study the distribution and use of each type of pragmatic marker and the implementation of pragmatic markers, with the lexical and intonational implications in cross-linguistic conversation for the adaptive Management of misunderstanding.
Linde López and Crespo Jiménez, eds. 2010. Professional English in the European Context: The EHEA Challenge. Bern: Peter Lang
Authors: Alameda Hernández Angela
Published: November 2017

Linde López and Crespo Jiménez, eds. 2010. Professional English in the European Context: The EHEA Challenge. Bern: Peter Lang.
Narrative models in Tolkien's stories of middle-earth
Authors: Albero Poveda Jaume
Published: November 2017

In The Lord of the Rings (1954), there is an attempt to unite the two worlds which captivated Tolkien’s imagination: the fairy tale world of children’s stories which he was drawn to as a child, and the sagas and medieval myths that were the subject of his study and teaching at university. The hobbits are where these two narrative universes meet. In The Lord of the Rings, these two worlds, being difficult to reconcile, collide. On the one hand, we have the hobbits, those everymen with whom the reader can identify easily. They are characters created in The Hobbit (1937) that have a narrative world of their own, as in fairytales, and that are generated with a low mimetic mode. On the other hand, we have the chivalric heroes with a great literary tradition, who belong to the high mimetic mode. Tolkien’s fiction is less successful in those episodes in which the hobbits are absent.
"Will you to my discourse vouchsafe an eare?" : women dramatists' negotiation of gender and genre on the public stage around 1700
Authors: Corporaal Marguérite
Published: November 2017

Despite the growing influence of women in the theatrical world during the late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century, women dramatists working for the public stage were accused of lascivious behaviour, as a result of the public setting of the playhouse in which their self-expression could be heard. In their tragedies The Royal Mischief (1696), The Fatal Friendship (1698) and Antiochus the Great; or, The Final Relapse (1701) the female dramatists Mary Delarivier Manley, Catherine Trotter and Jane Wiseman negotiated female utterance in several ways. Moreover, these women dramatists' legitimisation of woman's public voice and their own public theatrical voices was accompanied by their revision of tragic generic conventions concerning error, closure, transgression and transcendence. In these respects these women playwrights contributed to processes of cultural transformation with regard to gender and genre.
From aithirne the importunate to Robert McLiam Wilson : a preliminary overview on the Irish satiric tradition
Authors: Elices Agudo Juan Francisco
Published: November 2017

Among the multiplicity of genres and modes Irish authors have cultivated, it seems that satire has prevailingly flourished throughout the history of Irish literature. From the first invectives of Aithirne the Importunate to the works of contemporary authors such as Robert McLiam Wilson or Colin Bateman, satire has been an indissoluble component of the social, political and religious life of Ireland. It is no wonder, thus, that some of the most prestigious Irish writers -namely Jonathan Swift, Richard Sheridan, Oscar Wilde, George Bernard Shaw, Austin Clarke, or even James Joyce- have been unanimously praised and recognised as satirists. My purpose in this paper will be to trace a preliminary overview on the role satire has played in the Irish literary tradition, focusing on several authors and on how their targets and rhetorical strategies have evolved from Aithirne's early invectives. Therefore, this paper will purport to analyse issues such as the tumultuous relationship between Ireland and Great Britain, the unquestionable authority exerted by the Church, and the way recent novelists envisage the so-called Northern Irish "Troubles".
Language advisers and their role in self-access centres
Authors: Navarro Coy Marta
Published: November 2017

The main objective of this paper is to contribute to the research in a field which to date has not received the attention it deserves: the figure of language advisers and the role they play as facilitators of learning in the context of a selfaccess centre. In spite of not being abundant, the literature on the topic offers some information as to the characteristics of good language advisers including features related to the academic and professional requirements as well as to personal traits. Based on this data a questionnaire was designed with the aim of gaining insight into how advisers themselves perceive the roles they play as well as detecting the strengths and weaknesses of the work they carry out in self-access centres. The results that may be obtained from the application of this questionnaires can prove an extremely valuable feedback for institutions and people in charge of these centres in order to establish whether there is a need for comprehensive training so as to create a centre made up of fully qualified professionals.
What kind of love is at work in "Pride and Prejudice" and "Wuthering Heights"?
Authors: Sánchez Hernández Purificación
Published: November 2017

Pride and Prejudice and Wuthering Heights are two novels where love has a central and important role. However, they portray two different types of love. In Pride and Prejudice there is love and love turns to marriage. The characters in this novel are able to fall in love and defend their love within the boundaries of what is considered socially acceptable. In Wuthering Heights Emily Bronte is intense in her treatment of passion which is a passion that turns to violence. The characters show some of the more deeply buried emotions and tendencies. Love and passion will be analysed using a digitalised copy of both novels to determine what kind of feelings are present in both novels.
Sally Fitzgerald, ed. 2004. "El hábito de ser", by Flannery O'Connor. Gustavo Martín Garzo. Trans. Francisco Javier Molina De La Torre. Salamanca: Ediciones Sígueme. 463 pp.
Authors: Dobrott Bernard Gretchen
Published: November 2017

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Iftekharrudin, F., Boyden, J., and M. Rohrberger, Eds. 2003. "Postmodern approaches to the short story". Westport, Connecticut and London: Praeger. 156 pp.
Authors: Fernández Sánchez José Francisco
Published: November 2017

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A Review of Ethical Leadership and Other Ethics- Related Leadership Theories
Authors: Ahmad Israr , Gao Yongqiang , Hali Shafei Moiz
Published: November 2017

The role of ethics in leadership studies is very important for organizations. Leadership without ethics and integrity can be harmful both for the organizational stakeholders and society. The high-profiled scandals and the leadership involvement in unethical activities caused increase attention of the scholars and mainstream media in the leadership ethics (Hartog, 2015). This resulted a growing research in the field of ethical leadership behavior. For this reason, the present study review ethics-related leadership including ethical leadership and other ethic-related leadership theories to better understand the importance of the ethics and morality in these leadership constructs. This study also presented a comprehensive review on ethical leadership and its similarities and differences with other related leadership styles. Another focus of this study was to present the definitions of each leadership style and their scales, and to establish that how ethical leadership is distinct from each leadership style. Future directions and conclusion are presented in the last of the paper.
Inserción Laboral De Personas Con Discapacidad
Authors: González-González Desireé , Gutiérrez-Barroso Josué , González-Herrera Ana Isabel , Márquez-Domínguez Yolanda
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study is to perform an analysis of all the variables affecting the hiring of people with Special Educational Needs. It also aims to find out the different opinions and expectations that teachers and business managers have regarding the inclusion of people with disabilities into the labour market. In this study, samples were taken both from teachers working with Special Educational Needs students and teachers from regular schools. In addition, samples from different job areas business managers were taken. It should be noted that data have also been extracted from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE, National Statistics Institute) as well as from different researches and studies on the employability of people with disabilities carried out from 2012 onwards. Finally, the same methodology and procedures were established and specific questionnaires were designed for each of the samples referred to above.
Attitude Factors Affecting Teachers’ Use of Short Stories in the Teaching of Kiswahili Grammar in Secondary Schools in Nandi North Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Lihanda Milton Kigaro , Agufana Peace Byrne
Published: November 2017

This study investigated attitude factors affecting teachers’ use of short stories in the teaching of Kiswahili grammar in Secondary Schools in Nandi North Sub County, Kenya. The design for this study was descriptive survey. The total target study population was 50 Kiswahili language teachers in Secondary Schools in Nandi North Sub-County, in Kenya. Sampling was done through stratified and simple random sampling techniques to arrive at 50% of the target population. A total of 15 Kiswahili language teachers (n=15) respondents participated in the study. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires for teachers. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods such as frequencies, and percentages. The study found out that very few teachers used short stories in teaching Kiswahili grammar. The research found out that teachers’ attitude towards use of short stories in teaching and learning Kiswahili grammar was positive. Based on the findings, the study recommends that teachers should use short for effective Kiswahili grammar teaching.
Ready Made Garments’ (RMG) Contribution in Women Empowerment: A Study on Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Billah Mohammed Masum , Manik Md. Rafiqul Islam
Published: November 2017

There is no denying the fact that without women empowerment development goals of Bangladesh is always unreachable. This country belongs to a social system where women consider as a burden for the family. However, the scenario is changing with time. Nowadays, women are working in garments sector, education sector, banking sector, different NGO’s and government organizations but the single garment sector where seventy percent of workers of 4.0 million are women and most of them are less educated, unskilled and from rural areas. These women have neither decision making power and nor access to resources before getting the job in the garments sector. The job creates ample opportunity for female workers by giving economic freedom, keeping them near the resources and facilities in the city area, and making them knowledgeable, and skills through training, counseling, and sharing problem with coworkers. The study reveals that empowerment of women vastly depends on four variables which are women’s financial contribution to family, women’s access to resources, women’s participation in household decision making and their perception of coping capacity to shocks. It has been found that garments sector significantly contribute to enhance the female worker’s ability to contribute financially, to participate in decision making, to access resources, and to cope with risks which ultimately increase their empowerment in the society as a whole.
Le Pragmatisme De Rorty : Entre Universalisme Et Relativisme
Authors: Médégnon Désiré
Published: November 2017

Philosophy and science became what they are and developed because they have taken the universal both as the goal of research and the criteria of validity of every theory. For Richard Rorty, we have there a project with no foundation and totally unjustified. To Plato’s universalism, Rorty opposes a pragmatism which defends philosophy as fitting as human being and considers that the only reasonable goal of research is to come to intersubjective agreements. In spite of the fact that it is difficult for science to get used to it, pragmatism has nevertheless done the great job of unveiling the illusion of an objective truth conceived as the speculum of reality.
Maternité Et Risques Perçus Face Aux Examens Sanguins Et Au Test Du VIH-SIDA : Etude De Cas Dans Une Formation Sanitaire Urbaine De Bouaké (Côte D’ivoire)
Authors: Hilaire Mazou Gnazegbo
Published: November 2017

Pregnancy is a physiological condition that requires prenatal followup during which medical care ensures that complications in childbirth are prevented and that a healthy child is born as much as possible. It is therefore important for pregnant women to undergo a number of clinical examinations, including blood tests and HIV / AIDS testing, which are in the process of being integrated into the monitoring of women at the primary health care. However, pregnant women do not systematically use these practices in Urban Sanitary Training in Côte d'Ivoire generally and in Bouaké in particular. The free choice of women to submit to the various tests, the health benefits of which are the subject of recurrent information campaigns, does not always lead to their rigorous application during prenatal consultations. It therefore appears that the resistances or the sometimes unsystematic choices of acceptance of the tests and their referents become the object of reflection in the face of the challenge of improving the safe motherhood rate and the attainment of a generation without HIV-AIDS. What are the social attitudes and perceptions related to blood tests and HIV-AIDS testing in pregnant women ? The aim of this study is to understand the social logics underlying the positive or negative attitude of pregnant women to blood tests and the HIV-AIDS test. To address this concern, an essentially qualitative study was carried out among 16 pregnant women and the medical staff of the Urban Sanitary Formation of Ahougnansou in Bouaké (Côte d'Ivoire). The main finding of this study is that attitudes of pregnant women have links to socially situated representations of the disease, stigma, education, income, and perceived risks to social and marital relationships.
Amelioration De La Maturite Des Entreprises En Gestion Des Risques Par La Maintenance
Authors: Nissoul Hakim , Riane Fouad , Mousrij Ahmed
Published: November 2017

Statistics on accidents at work, particularly in Morocco, remain worryingly high. This situation raised a general awareness in the country and many decisions have been taken and corrective actions have been elaborated in order to enhance enterprise risk management maturity. This maturity is based on several key factors including maintenance.In this paper we propose a methodology to mitigate and control maintenance generated risks which in turn will allow enterprises to enhance their maturity in risk management.
Impact Des Caractéristiques De La Végétation Sur La Diversité D’usages Des Plantes Autour De Deux Grandes Forêts Classées Et D’une Réserve Botanique Au Sud-Bénin
Authors: Joel Avikpo Dansou , Hospice Dassou Gbèwonmèdéa , Cossi Adomou Aristide , Aristide Houenon Gbèdomèdji Hurgues , Brice Tente , Brice Sinsin Augustin
Published: November 2017

Southern-Benin has a mosaic of ecological conditions that have contributed to the development of its vast forest heritage. The combination of a number of parameters or indices (use value, diversity index, and equitability and citation frequency) is an effective way of identifying the most important plants for preservation. The objective was to carry out the checklist of the plants used around the classified forests of Ahozon and Lama and the botanical reserve of Pobè in Southern-Benin, with information on their use, threats and relations between the targeted habitats and the listed plants on the one hand and the knowledge associated with them and the socio-professional characteristics of the populations on the other. The data (user identity, plants used, plant organs collected, uses, plant threats) were collected from 113 individuals interviewed individually during an ethnobotanical study in 20 villages distributed around the three vegetation formations. The results showed that 59 plant species are useful for the populations surrounding the formations. The most important in terms of use value are Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (VUT = 7.86), Irvingia gabonensis (VUT = 7.84), Dialium guineense (VUT = 7.69), Khaya senegalensis (VUT = 7.46), Prosopis africana (VUT = 7.06), Ceiba pentandra (VUT = 7.01), and Synsepalum dulcificum (VUT = 6.98). The indices of Diversity and Equitability of the respondents reveal that knowledge on plant species is not homogeneously distributed (ID = 0.430, IE = 0.451 <0.5) and maximum information on species is held by a part of the population. Pruning (40%) is the main source of species threats. Plantation, agrosystems, sensitizing populations on good methods of harvest could help to preserve the main plants useful for the populations of Southern Benin.
UMA PRAXIS PARA A INCLUSÃO DO OUTRO NA ÓTICA PARADOXAL E NO CAMINHO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Angelin Rosângela , Hahn Noli Bernado
Published: November 2017

O tema deste artigo delimita-se ao entendimento da distinção entre racionalidade centrada e racionalidade descentrada, na ótica de Jaques Derrida, possibilitando, a partir dessa distinção, argumentar em favor da racionalidade paradoxal à inclusão do outro e à vivência histórica, contextual, cotidiana, espacial e temporal dos direitos humanos. A questão-problema desta pesquisa é esta: como conceber e como viver os direitos humanos na contemporaneidade para que esses direitos sejam internalizados na vivência dos povos e se tornem cultura? A tese argumentada que se estrutura como resposta à questão formulada é que, para viver os direitos humanos no cotidiano, para concebê-los como direitos possíveis de se tornarem eficazes, há a necessidade de se desconstruir uma racionalidade de perspectiva metafísica, essencialista, monolinguista, etnocentrista e logocentrista, que faz enxergar apenas o sentido em dimensão singular e único,  e construir uma racionalidade que faz emergir sentidos múltiplos e diversos a partir de contextos, de lugares e de existências.
A RECEPÇÃO DO PENSAMENTO DE ANDRÉ-JEAN ARNAUD NO BRASIL: UM OLHAR DO CAMPO ACADÊMICO BRASILEIRO A PARTIR DA PERCEPÇÃO DE SEU VÍNCULO COM O MOVIMENTO CRÍTICO DO DIREITO
Authors: Vieira José Ribas , Alvim Joaquim Leonel De Rezende , Filho Roberto Fragale
Published: November 2017

O estudo sobre a contribuição de André Jean Arnaud para os campos da Teoria do Direito e da Sociologia do Direito tem de se enquadrar dentro das rupturas politicos institucionais que marcaram o fin do século XX. Destaque-se que, em especial, a Teoria do Direito não estará distante do pensamento jurídico critico próprio do período. É importante lembrar que, no caso francês, esse contexto politico-social acentua-se com as consequências dos movimentos de Maio de 68. Assim, o movimento critico francês ganha uma original densidade reflexiva. É nessas variáveis e nesse dialogo que se resgata, nesse estudo, a contribuição teórica de Andre Jean Arnaud. Por meio de entrevistas com os protagonistas do movimento critico francês, recuperam-se os limites do estudioso examinado com os seus parceiros do citado pensamento. Com essa estrutura delimitada é que se torna possivel ver a presença de André Jean Arnaud no Brasil. A sua preocupação com a Teoria do Direito com sua análise do Código Civil francês e no campo sociológico com o seu Dicionário de Sociologia jurídica é que dão a sua universalidade e sua permanência no universo juridico.
PROGRAMAS DE ACÇÃO, MERCADO DIGITAL E DESAFIOS HODIERNOS
Authors: Frota Mário
Published: November 2017

O presente estudo enfrenta a temática do mercado digital e os desafios hodiernos no âmbito da União Europeia. O objeto é analisar os novos modelos estruturantes das tecnologias da informação e os benefícios sociais e para a economia digital, à luz do programa plurianual (septenal) de acção da União Européia que se estende até 2020, no quadro da política de consumidores. Como resultado a
Analysis of Agroecology and The Requirement of Supplemental Irrigation on Cacao Plants in Lampung
Authors: Hafif Bariot
Published: November 2017

One of the factors that affect the productivity of cacao plants is water availability. Water deficit will negatively affect the development of cacao flowers and beans. Water stress is reported as one of the causes of low productivity on plantation crops in Lampung Province. The study was aimed to analyze the characteristics of agroecology and supplemental irrigation required for growth and production of cacao in Lampung. The research was carried out in the District of Pesawaran, Tanggamus, East Lampung, and South Lampung, Lampung Province, from 2012 to 2015. The study was conducted with the survey method and literature study for the collection of the primary and secondary data, related to the characteristics of the land agroecology. Geographically, the main cacao growing areas in this region is divided into two regions, western region consist of Pesawaran and Tanggamus District and east region comprise of East Lampung and South Lampung District. Based on agroecological zones, the planting of cacao in both regions is in accordance with the recommendations of land use. However, land suitability analysis showed that some of the agroecological characteristics of land becomes a limiting factor for the growth and production of cacao, including soil pH < 5.5, low cations exchange capacity (CEC) (< 16 cmol(+)/kg), air humidity > 75%, and in some areas there is an erosion hazard. Another obstacle is the water deficit that occurs during 140 days within 1 year of cacao growth cycle that occurred in July until mid-November. There are two factors that can be applied  to increase cacao productivity in Lampung province, i.e. (1)  an improvement of cacao cultivation technology that can address the characteristics of agroecology as a limiting factor of growth, and (2) an application of a supplemental irrigation technology to avoid cacao from water stress. The requirement of supplemental irrigation is 340.5 mm in western region and 209.7 mm in eastern region of Lampung.
Histological and Biochemical Traits of Chilling-injured Pulp Tissues as Affected by Cold Storage of Mango Fruit
Authors: Kumpoun Wilawan , Nishizawa Takashi , Motomura Yoshie , Puthmee Tanidchaya , Aikawa Toshiyuki
Published: November 2017

Green mango (Mangifera indica L.) ‘Nam Doc Mai See Thong’ fruit were dipped in 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid solution (50 ppm) for 5 minutes, kept at 25 °C for 3 days, cold stored at 5 °C for 35 days and then transferred to 25 °C for 7 days. The skin color of the cold-stored fruit partly changed to dark-brown with surface depression. In addition, desiccated white-corky pulp tissues developed mainly along to the dark-brownish skin. Histological and biochemical analyses revealed that the formation of white-corky pulp tissues was correlated with starch accumulation in the hypodermal cells. Cell wall polymers of the white-corky pulp tissues were characterized by both a lower amount of solubilized pectins and higher amount of hemicelluloses than those of normally ripened (NR) tissues. The highest fatty acid unsaturation was observed in the NR pulps under chilling conditions followed by the white-corky pulp tissues under chilling conditions and the NR tissues without chilling. These results suggested that the disordered membrane caused by chilling inhibited the subsequent cascade of secondary reactions, such as the cell wall degradation. The skin damage derived from chilling injury (CI) is a direct factor inducing abnormal desiccation in the adjacent pulp, resulting in the formation of white-corky pulp tissues.
Pollinator Habitat Establishment after Organic and No-till Seedbed Preparation Methods
Authors: Angelella Gina M. , O’Rourke Megan E.
Published: November 2017

Establishing on-farm pollinator habitat can mitigate native pollinator and pollination ecosystem service declines, and federal programs are available to provide technical and financial assistance to farmers interested in habitat installation. Although sufficient seedbed preparation to limit weed competition is thought to be the most important step toward achieving good pollinator habitat establishment, preparation recommendations vary and studies have not investigated seedbed preparation techniques in the context of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Farm Bill programs for pollinator conservation. To address this, we assessed the effects of two seedbed preparation methods, conventional inversion tillage and no-till with herbicide, on wildflower establishment and weed competition during the first year after planting. Experiments were conducted in Blacksburg, VA, and were replicated in 2015 and 2016. In addition, we tracked seedbed preparation methods and pollinator habitat establishment on seven farms located on the Eastern Shore of Virginia and Maryland in 2016. The wildflower mix consisted of nine species of forbs and two species of grasses: the forbs were black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta L.), partridge pea [Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene], plains coreopsis (Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.), lanceleaf coreopsis (Coreopsis lanceolata L.), purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench], narrowleaf mountain mint (Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrad.), wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa L.), Maximilian sunflower (Helianthus maximiliani Schrad.), and showy tickseed [Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britton] or Indian blanket (Gaillardia pulchella Foug.); the grasses were splitbeard bluestem (Andropogon ternarius Michx.) and little bluestem [Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash]. In the experiments, wildflower establishment was greater after no-till with herbicide than after tillage preparation (2015: P = 0.09; 2016: P = 0.002). Predominating weed species varied by study, with more common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and hairy galinsoga [Galinsoga ciliata (Raf.) S.F. Blake] growth after tillage treatments, and more hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) growth after no-till preparation. On-farm pollinator habitat establishment on the Eastern Shore was highly variable, but more wildflower forbs established after tillage-plus-herbicide than tillage-only seedbed preparations (P = 0.01). Across sites, we found a large degree of site-specific variation in wildflower establishment and predominant weed species.
The Influence of Substrate Hydraulic Conductivity on Plant Water Status of an Ornamental Container Crop Grown in Suboptimal Substrate Water Potentials
Authors: Fields Jeb S. , Owen James S. , Scoggins Holly L.
Published: November 2017

Many soilless substrates are inefficient with regard to water (i.e., high porosity and low water holding capacity), which provides an excellent opportunity to increase water efficiency in containerized production. We suggest that increasing hydraulic conductivity in the dry range of substrate moisture content occurring during production can increase water availability, reduce irrigation volume, and produce high quality, marketable crops. Three substrates were engineered using screened pine bark (PB) and amending with either Sphagnum peatmoss or coir to have higher unsaturated hydraulic conductivity between water potentials of −100 and −300 hPa. There was no correlation between substrate unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and saturated hydraulic conductivity (r = 0.04, P = 0.8985). Established Hydrangea arborescens (L.) ‘Annabelle’ plants were grown in the three engineered and a conventional (control) PB substrates exposed to suboptimal irrigation levels (i.e., held at substrate water potentials between −100 and −300 hPa) for 32 days. The plants in the engineered substrates outperformed the control in every growth and morphological metric measured, as well as exhibiting fewer (or no) physiological drought stress indicators (i.e., vigor, growth, plant development, etc.) compared with the control. We observed increased vigor measures in plants grown in substrates with higher unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, as well as greater plant water uptake. The coir increased unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and provided an increased air space when incorporated into coarse bark vs. if peat was incorporated into bark at the same ratio by volume. Increasing PB hydraulic conductivity, through screening bark or amending bark with fibrous materials, in concert with low irrigations can produce marketable, vigorous crops while reducing water consumed and minimizing water wasted in ornamental container production.
Tomato Grafting: A Global Perspective
Authors: Singh Hira , Kumar Pradeep , Chaudhari Sushila , Edelstein Menahem
Published: November 2017

Grafting of vegetable seedlings is a unique horticultural technology practiced for many years in East Asia to overcome issues associated with intensive cultivation using limited arable land. This technology was introduced to Europe and other countries in the late 20th century along with improved grafting methods suitable for commercial production of grafted vegetable seedlings. Tomato grafting is becoming a well-developed practice worldwide with many horticultural advantages. The primary motivation for grafting tomato has been to prevent the damage caused by soilborne pathogens under intensive production system. However, recent reports suggest that grafting onto suitable rootstocks can also alleviate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses such as salinity, water, temperature, and heavy metals besides enhancing the efficiency of water and nutrient use of tomato plants. This review gives an overview of the scientific literatures on the various aspects of tomato grafting including important steps of grafting, grafting methods, scion–rootstock interaction, and rootstock-derived changes in vegetative growth, fruit yield, and quality in grafted plants under different growing conditions. This review also highlights the economic significance of grafted tomato cultivation and offers discussion on the future thrust and technical issues that need to be addressed for the effective adoption of grafting.
Evaluation of Ornamental Tropical Plants for Resistance to White Mold Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Grabowski Michelle A. , Malvick Dean K.
Published: November 2017

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a fungal pathogen that causes stem rot, crown rot, wilt, and death of many common annual flowering plants. Infested flower beds often suffer significant plant loss each year, and the identification of disease resistant plants would be a useful management tool. Caladium (Caladium ×hortulanum Birdsey), canna (Canna ×generalis L.H. Bailey), and elephant ear [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] were evaluated for potential resistance to S. sclerotiorum. Plants grown in field conditions in Minnesota in 2012 and 2013 were inoculated through the application of sorghum grains colonized by S. sclerotiorum. The number of plants infected and percent of canopy dieback were recorded weekly for 3 months. The susceptibility of leaves, flowers, and below ground storage organs was also examined through direct inoculation of plant tissue with a mycelial plug of the pathogen in controlled environmental conditions favorable for disease development. Symptoms and progression of the infection were recorded after 24 days. Symptoms of infection on all three species were similar in field and controlled environments. Caladium plants were susceptible to S. sclerotiorum. Petioles, leaves, and corms developed a watery soft rot. Elephant ear was highly resistant to infection. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infected only wounded or senescent tissue and did not result in significant symptoms under any conditions. Canna had partial resistance to the pathogen. Although canna petals were readily infected, infection of petioles was restricted to small necrotic lesions. Neither infection progressed to the main stem or resulted in plant death. This study indicates that canna and elephant ear have resistance to S. sclerotiorum and could be used in an integrated disease management program for infested landscape beds.
Modeling Global Warming Potential, Variable Costs, and Water Use of Young Plant Production System Components Using Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Ingram Dewayne L. , Hall Charles R. , Knight Joshua
Published: November 2017

The components for two production systems for young foliage plants in 72-count propagation trays were analyzed using life cycle assessment (LCA) procedures. The systems differed by greenhouse type, bench size and arrangement, rainwater capture, and irrigation/fertilization methods. System A was modeled as a gutter-connected, rounded-arch greenhouse without a ridge vent and covered with double-layer polyethylene, and the plants were fertigated through sprinklers on stationary benches. System B was modeled as a more modern gutter-connected, Dutch-style greenhouse using natural ventilation, and moveable, ebb-flood production tables. Inventories of input products, equipment use, and labor were generated from the protocols for those scenarios and a LCA was conducted to determine impacts on the respective greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and the subsequent carbon footprint (CF) of foliage plants at the farm gate. CF is expressed in global warming potential for a 100-year period (GWP) in units of kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents (kg CO2e). The GWP of the 72-count trays were calculated as 4.225 and 2.276 kg CO2e with variable costs of $25.251 and $24.857 for trays of foliage plants grown using Systems A and B, respectively. The GWP of most inputs and processes were similar between the two systems. Generally, the more modern greenhouse in System B was more efficient in terms of space use for production, heating and cooling, fertilization, and water use. While overhead costs were not measured, these differences in efficiency would also help to offset any increases in overhead costs per square foot associated with higher-cost, more modern greenhouse facilities. Thus, growers should consider the gains in efficiency and their influences on CF, variable costs (and overhead costs) when making future decisions regarding investment in greenhouse structures.
Genetic Diversity and Heritability of In Vitro Leaf Regeneration Ability in Malus Species
Authors: Tan Yi , Li Baisha , Wang Yi , Wu Ting , Han Zhenhai , Zhang Xinzhong
Published: November 2017

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation is commonly used in dicotyledon plants such as apples. The regeneration ability of the recipient is an important factor in transformation efficiency. Here, the variations in bud regeneration rate (BRR) and the number of adventitious buds (NAB) formed per explant in Malus germplasm accessions with phenological stage were estimated. Both BRR and NAB of explants at the dormancy broken and spring sprouting stages were significantly higher than those at the autumn sprouting stage. The genetic diversity and inheritance of BRR and NAB were evaluated using 153 Malus germplasm accessions and 78 hybrid trees of Jonathan × Golden Delicious. Malus sieversii 31, Liberty, and Smoothee exhibited significantly high BRR (98.33%, 98.33%, and 93.33%, respectively) and a large NAB without vitrification. BRR and NAB linearly correlated with each other but not with callus formation rate. The broad sense heritability of the regeneration rate was 92.16%. The three Malus accessions that had high regeneration ability, and some of their sexual descendants, might be outstanding genetic resources for future genetic transformation.
AN IN VITRO COST-EFFECTIVE TEST BENCH FOR ACTIVE CARDIAC IMPLANTS, REPRODUCING HUMAN EXPOSURE TO ELECTRIC FIELDS 50 HZ
Authors: Gercek Cihan , Kourtiche Djilali , Nadi Mustapha , Magne Isabelle , Schmitt Pierre , Roth Patrice
Published: November 2017

The European Directive 2013/35/UE sets the minimum requirements for the protection of workers exposed to electromagnetic fields and defines workers bearing implants as workers at particular risk. The European standards 50527-1 and 50527-2-1 propose risk assessments methods for these workers, including numerical and/or experimental in-vitro approaches. This study aims to conceive by using both methods, a cost-effective test bench for active cardiac implants in order to reproduce induced phenomena on a cardiac implant inside a human exposed to 50 Hz electric field, representing exposure up to 100 kV/m, which covers occupational exposure.
TECHNIQUES IN ADVANCING THE CAPABILITIES OF VARIOUS NITRATE DETECTION METHODS: A REVIEW
Authors: Azmi Aizat , Azman Ahmad Amsyar , Ibrahim Sallehuddin , Yunus Mohd Amri Md
Published: November 2017

Strategies to facilitate detection enhancement in various methods of nitrate detection are presented in this paper. The main nitrate detection methods for the past 10 years will be reviewed according to their advantages and disadvantages, followed by a focus on the techniques on increasing detection capabilities. For each detection method, an investigation of the technique of improvement is carried out. The utilisation of advance material such as membranes, reduction agents etc. is also identified as the key aspect for system improvement. Many researchers in the field of potentiometry, electrochemical, and biosensors have focused on miniaturising their detection systems to enhance the capability of nitrate in-situ measurement. The performance of miniaturised sensor systems is comparable to that of conventional systems.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF 3D PRINTED MYOELECTRIC ROBOTIC EXOSKELETON FOR HAND REHABILITATION
Authors: Abdallah Ismail Ben , Bouteraa Yassine , Rekik Chokri
Published: November 2017

The development of dynamic rehabilitation devices can be evaluated as a research fastgrowing field. Indeed, robot-assisted therapy is an advanced new technology mainly in stroke rehabilitation. Although patients benefit from this enormous development of technology, including the presence of rehabilitation robots, the therapeutic field still suffering a lack in hand robotic rehabilitation devices. In this context, this work proposes a new design of a 3D printed hand exoskeleton for the stroke rehabilitation. Based on the EMG signals measured from the muscles responsible for the hand motion, the designed mechatronic system detects the intention of hand opening or hand closing from the stroked subject. Based on an embedded controller and five servomotors, the low cost robotic system is able to drive in real time three degrees of freedom (DOFs) for each finger. The real tests with stroked subjects showed that the designed hand exoskeleton architecture has a positive effect on the motion finger range and mainly in the hand ability to perform some simple tasks. The case studies showed a good recovery of the motor functions and consequently the developed system efficiency.
AN INVESTIGATION OF DIFFERENT VIDEO WATERMARKING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Sridhar B.
Published: November 2017

Watermarking is an advanced technology that identifies to solve the problem of illegal manipulation and distribution of digital data. It is the art of hiding the copyright information into host such that the embedded data is imperceptible. The covers in the forms of digital multimedia object, namely image, audio and video. The extensive literature collected related to the performance improvement of video watermarking techniques is critically reviewed and presented in this paper. Also, comprehensive review of the literature on the evolution of various video watermarking techniques to achieve robustness and to maintain the quality of watermarked video sequences.
TRACKING AND AUTOMATING A LIBRARY SYSTEM USING RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Alwadi Ali , Kilby Jeff , Gawanmeh Amjad
Published: November 2017

This paper discusses implementing a Location-Aware Library RFID service employing Radio Frequency Identification as a communication technology. Automating a library system with passive RFID tag infrastructure is proven to be feasible, and can be achieved with even distribution of RFID Antennas, well designed RFID network, an appropriate middleware, and a library application with an accurate error function that minimizes the error in the detected location to an acceptable distance, for instance, 35 cm. The paper first discusses the effect of using RFID on the upper application and System layers. A simulation of randomly distributed tags with spatially distributed antennas is shown. Simulation results are provided to prove the validity of the proposed approach, which proves that adding a localization feature to the system layer is feasible with an acceptable error range that does not exceed 1.1%.
INTELLIGENT ENVIRONMENTAL SENSING WITH AN UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM IN A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Authors: Chen Ching-Ju , Chen Jou-An , Huang Yueh-Min
Published: November 2017

This paper proposes a novel environmental monitoring mechanism to integrate recently- established development of an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) with WSNs for remote monitoring. The high mobility of UASs can solve the limitations associated with using WSNs in hazardous areas. In this paper, the WSN node, the Wireless Environmental Monitoring Station (WEMS), is based on ZigBee protocol for long-duration monitoring. Furthermore, to ensure the integrity of collected environmental data, an algorithm is designed in WEMS for verification. Finally, a detailed analysis of packet transmission efficiency based on ranges of flight distance is proposed to examine the effect of environmental monitoring.
Efficient Approaches for Designing the Logical Reversibility of Computation
Authors: Anto Bennet M , Mari Selvi T. , Mohana Priya S. , Monica S , Kanimozhi R.
Published: November 2017

The work demonstrates about the reversible logic synthesis for the 2 to 4 decoder, the circuits are designed using reversible fault tolerant toffoli gates. Thus the entire scheme inherently becomes fault tolerant. In addition, several lower bounds on the number of constant inputs, garbage outputs and quantum cost of the reversible fault tolerant decoder have been proposed. Transistor simulations of the proposed decoder power consumption have been reduced than the existing approach without decreasing the speed, which proved the functional correctness of the proposed Decoder. The comparative results show that the proposed design is much better in terms of quantum cost, delay, hardware complexity and has significantly better scalability. Tanner software is the advanced industrial tool that is growing up in trend. So the proposed decoder is designed in Tanner EDA after completion of the circuit in DSCH and Microwind. This shows the power dissipation and power consumption at each nook and corner to re-design with low power consumption possible.
Android Based Home Automation and Energy Conservation
Authors: Anto Bennet M. , Thamilvalluvan B. , Hema Priya C.A. , Bhavani B. , Shalini M.
Published: November 2017

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of three main components: nodes, gateways, and software. The spatially distributed measurement nodes interface with sensors to monitor assets or their environment. In a WSN network the devices are connected to WSN nodes wherein the entire nodes uses Zigbee network to transfer the status of connected applications to a controller which controls the whole applications but the main drawback of Wireless sensor networks is its high interference, low coverage area and ability to control only low power devices. In order to overcome these drawbacks Android equipped devices are used to control the applications over GPRS network. Android equipped devices allow the user to control various applications over wireless networks. Being an open sourced platform it allows the user to design a custom module which controls the home applications by connecting the android equipped device and its corresponding home applications to an MCU wherein it uses relay circuits to connect the entire applications using GPRS network to connect the application controller and the android device. These devices can be used to control industrial applications, home applications like light, fan etc., and thereby conserving electricity.