bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Total antioxidant status and adiponectin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Kase Sarah Nuhu
Published: August 2023

Antioxidants play a key role in treating and reducing the complication of diabetes mellitus. Adiponectin exerts insulin-sensitizing effects and possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties, which may play crucial roles in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pathophysiology. This study aim at evaluating total antioxidant status and adiponectin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus patients. The study evaluated a cross sectional design in which a total of 160 subjects between the ages of 18- 40 years were recruited for the study. Sixty (60) subjects were gestational diabetic women, 50 non-diabetic pregnant women as Control1 all attending Antenatal clinics at BarauDikko Teaching Hospital, Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital and GwamnaAwan General Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria as well as 50 apparently healthy non-pregnant non diabetic staff as Control2. From the participants, 60 were gestational diabetic mellitus (GDM) (37.50%) with mean age 30.93 ± 0.55years, 50 non GDM pregnant women (31.25%) with mean age 27.68±0.50 years and 50 non GDM non pregnant (31.25%) with mean age 29.24±0.42 years. Adiponectin (APN) level was significantly lower compared with total antioxidant status (TAS) and vitamin C levels in pregnant women. The random blood glucose (RBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 2 hours prospandial blood glucose (2HBG) concentrations in GDM patients and Controls 1 and 2 subjects were all significant different (p < 0.05). However, inter group comparism of C1vsC2 in RBG, FBG and 2HBG were all similar (p>0.05). The correlations between AGE vs BMI was significant (r= 0.276, p < 0.05), Age vs 2HBG (r = -0.256, p <0.05) FBG vsRBG (r = 0.369 p<0.05). FBG versus 2HBG (r = 0.646 p<0.05) and 2HBG   vs RBG (r = 0.524, p<0.05) in GDM patients. The study indicated a relationship between total antioxidant capacity (TAS) and adiponectin in pregnant women with GDM compared pregnant women without GDM and control none pregnant women. Majority of the women take daily intake of vegetables, which could positively affect their antioxidant status. There was significantly lower APN compared with TAS, while a significant level of vitamin C compared with APN.
Influence of different conventional processing methods on the resistant starch content and diastatic power of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean) starch
Authors:   Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria., Aikulola Folashade M. , Osundahunsi Oluwatooyin F. ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria., Malomo Sunday A. ,   Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria
Published: August 2023

The edible seeds in the pods of legumes have been used in the management of protein-energy malnutrition after undergoing food processing operations to promote their utilization. However, starch were obtained from the raw seeds when subjected to operations like drying, germination, soaking, boiling, and milling. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of conventional processing methods such as drying, boiling, and germinating on the starch qualities of Bambara groundnut for value addition in the food system and healthy therapy. The seeds were divided into four batches (native, boiled, germinated and dried) while starch was isolated from each using alkaline methods and the products were compared in terms of starch yield, color, amylose content, resistant starch, and diastatic power. The starch yield was 38, 32 and 28% for the germinated, dried and boiled samples, respectively when compared to the native sample (44%). The higher lightness (whiteness) obtained for the native starch (84.57) over the processed starches was due to its low pigmentation level. Meanwhile, the amylose contents of native and processed starches were in the range of 26.48 to 27.49%. The resistant starch ranged from 17.56 to 18.03%, with cooking (boiling) process significantly increasing the resistant starch contents, which may be attributed to the effect of retrogradation on the boiled starch after cooling. Contrarily, the diastatic power was very high in the germinated starch sample (9.34 oL) when compared with other samples due to the malting or germination process of the seeds before starch extraction. However, the information generated from this study could be useful for indigenous promotion and effective utilization of Bambara groundnuts both domestically and industrially as a functional and nutraceutical food.
Proximate Analysis, Vitamins, and Mineral Compositions of Zingiber officinale, Ocimmum gratissimum and their Herbal Blend
Authors:   African Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port-Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Ibeabuchi Chinwe , Patrick-Iwuanyanwu Kingsley C. ,   African Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port-Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Oyeike Eugene N. ,   African Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port-Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Akaninwor Joyce O. ,   African Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port-Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Published: August 2023

The nutritional composition of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum, Zingiber officinale roots and their mixture were evaluated by investigating their proximate composition, vitamin, and mineral composition following standard biochemical methods. Proximate analysis of the herbal blend revealed the percentage moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, and ash, as 15.84%, 13.62%, 0.36%, 1.84%, 2.92%, respectively surpassing the content from individual extracts. However, the carbohydrate content and total energy ranked in descending order of magnitude; aqueous extract of ginger (76.30%; 350.78 kCal) > scent leaf (70.03%; 345.29 kCal) > ginger -scent leaf blend (65.41%; 332.66 kCal). The vitamin and mineral content in the herbal mixture investigated showed higher concentrations of Vitamins (A, BI, B2, B3, C, E) and minerals followed the same pattern. Nevertheless, aqueous extract of ginger showed a higher content of calcium. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the nutritional composition of these popular culinary ingredients and highlight their potential health benefits.
Effect of a decoction of Lophira alata (Banks ex P. Gaertn) on the pharmacokinetics of risperidone: Study of a drug-herb interaction
Authors: Oloyede Rukayyat
Published: August 2023

Drug interactions may cause a drug to be more or less effective (synergism or antagonism), or cause unexpected effects on the body. Risperidone is a second-generation atypical antipsychotic medication while Lophira alata is a plant used traditionally to treat psychotic disorders. A large number of patients with psychosis have been reported to simultaneously use both orthodox and traditional medicines in Africa. This research was carried out to determine the effect of concomitant administration of risperidone and Lophira alata in healthy human volunteers. The first phase of the research was carried out to establish the baseline pharmacokinetic profile of risperidone 2 mg in 18 male subjects. The second phase was carried out after a 2-week washout period, where the subjects were randomly divided into three equal groups and group A received risperidone 2 mg and decoction of the herb (9.4mg/kg) concurrently, group B received risperidone 2 mg and decoction of the herb (9.4mg/kg) was administered after 1 hour and group C received a decoction of the herb (9.4mg/kg) and risperidone 2 mg was administered after 1 hour. Blood samples were collected at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours after drug administration, and plasma analyses were carried out using a developed RP-HPLC method to determine the plasma concentrations. Subsequently, Kinetica 5.0 software was used to extrapolate pharmacokinetic parameters from the plasma concentrations. Results show that there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the rate of absorption (ka), peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and measure of drug exposed to the body (AUC0-∞) but significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the time to achieve peak plasma concentration (tmax), half-life of absorption (t1/2a) and extent of drug distribution (Vd) when risperidone and Lophira alata were administered concurrently. Drug-herb interaction was observed to be more significant (p < 0.05), when Lophira alata was administered concurrently with risperidone than when administered one hour before or after Lophira alata. Decoction of Lophira alata interacts with risperidone tablets when administered together, which may be attributed to alteration in the mechanism of risperidone absorption by Lophira alata.
Antisickling Studies of the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Detarium microcarpum (Tallow Tree)
Authors: Idris Masa'ud Aliyu , Ibrahim Hajara , Ambi A Aminu , Yusuf Tanko
Published: August 2023

Detarium microcarpum (DM) is shrub that grows wildly in Nigeria. Few studies have been conducted on the leaf extract. The plant forms part of some recipes used in the treatment of sickle cell disease. This study aims to determine the phytochemical composition and antisickling property of various concentrations of Detarium microcarpum aqueous leaf extract. Quantitative and qualitative phytochemical screenings were conducted using established protocols while the antisickling prevention and reversal studies were evaluated using Emmel’s test. There was no significant difference between the antisickling prevention (p>0.05) and reversal (p>0.05) property of the aqueous extract compared to positive control (p-hydroxybenzoic acid). Phytochemical screening revealed high abundance of flavonoids and very little presence of terpenoids among the classes of phytochemicals screened. There was also no significant variation in the antisickling activity of the various doses (0.1 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml) of the extract tested. The LD50 conducted showed that it is completely safe in mice. The findings from this study suggest that Detarium microcarpum aqueous extract at various concentrations possesses both sickling prevention and reversal effect which may be exploited for the management of sickle cell disease.
Antifungal effects of Nigella sativa L. (Black cumin) seed extracts and seed oil on selected Candida albicans strains
Authors: EGBE NKECHI
Published: August 2023

The seed extracts of Nigella sativa (black cumin) have been used in different civilizations around the world for centuries to treat various animal and human ailments. C. albicans is a member of the normal human microbiome, but under certain circumstances it can cause infections that range from superficial infections of the skin to life-threatening systemic infections. Resistance to antifungal drugs in C. albicans has been on the increase in recent years. Several factors such as biofilm formation and overexpression of genes for efflux drug pump have been identified to contribute to the pathogenic potential of this fungus. This research examined antifungal effects of black cumin seed extracts and seed oil on C albicans wild-type (C1 and C2) and URA3 delete (CAF2 and CAI4) strains. Effects of the extracts on the key genes (MDS3 and MDR1) involved in drug resistance in C. albicans were also investigated. Aqueous and methanol extracts of the plant seeds were prepared using standard procedure. Aqueous and methanol extracts of N. sativa seeds, as well as the seed oil, were used for antimicrobial screening and for the analysis of effects on drug resistance genes using agar well diffusion technique, while fluconazole was used as a standard drug. The seed oil, as well as the aqueous and methanolic seed extracts of N. sativa greatly inhibited the wild-type clinical isolates C1 and C2. Interestingly, the URA3-delete strains were only inhibited by the oil. The amplification of the target genes in the various strains presented some intriguing results, with the gene(s) detected only prior to exposure or after exposure to the agent or at both instances. N. sativa, particularly the seed oil, has proven to have antifungal effects on fluconazole-resistant C. albicans with varying effects on the resistant genes.
Enfoques didácticos de la Conquista y virreinato en México. Distanciamientos y puentes historiográficos entre propuestas curriculares y discurso oficial, 2019-2022
Authors: Cruz Beltran Jose Eduardo
Published: August 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo exponer el enfoque pedagógico de los libros de Historia de México, editados por el gobierno federal en el periodo 2019-2022. Se analizan los discursos sobre los cuales se basa el concepto Nueva Escuela Mexicana dentro de las orientaciones para la enseñanza de la historia, así como la correspondencia con las instituciones oficiales y el discurso emanado del poder Ejecutivo federal. La categoría teórica de usos políticos de la historia acude a sustentar este trabajo. El enfoque metodológico estará centrado en un análisis historiográfico de tres publicaciones, provenientes cada una del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, el Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos sobre las Revoluciones de México y de la Secretaría de Educación Pública. La idea de contrastar estos materiales proviene tanto por su relevancia mediática como por ser destinados en su origen como un material de apoyo a los futuros docentes, para el caso de los primeros, mientras que el segundo, refiere el libro de texto gratuito de educación primaria. Entre los principales hallazgos se encuentra que la presencia de autores, que en otros foros se han mostrado críticos al manejo de la historia por parte del Ejecutivo, no coindice con el adoctrinamiento que los medios de comunicación han calificado a estas publicaciones.  Por su parte se concluye, a partir del análisis elaborado, que el discurso oficial del Ejecutivo tiene una intención más política que pedagógica y que estos nuevos enfoques aún no se reflejan en las prácticas docentes.
Acercamiento teórico hacia la conciencia histórica y su relación con la literatura narrativa
Authors: Silveyra Hernández Sandra Janette , Pérez  Piñón Francisco Alberto
Published: August 2023

La conciencia histórica es un concepto relativamente nuevo que ha tenido su auge de estudio en años recientes, y ha puesto una vez más la mirada en la necesidad de que los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la historia la contemplen, no solo como el conocimiento de nombres y fechas que puede darse a través de la simple memorización, sin involucrar un proceso más complejo; sino como una oportunidad para impactar en el individuo. Esto mediante el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico, a través de la interiorización de la naturaleza del hecho histórico, como un conjunto de perspectivas distintas de la realidad, en función del contexto desde el que se interpreta; a la vez de reconocerse a él mismo como partícipe de un tiempo histórico determinado y, por lo tanto, agente de impacto. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo desarrollar un acercamiento, por medio de una revisión teórica, hacia la conciencia histórica y su potencial impacto práctico en el presente y futuro, como guía de acción para el individuo. Plantea el cómo la literatura narrativa histórica, que toma contextos pasados y los dota de figuras y elementos propios de los textos literarios, puede lograr que la historia se presente de manera más clara y accesible, contribuyendo así a su conformación, a través del desarrollo de herramientas cognitivas.
El proceso constituyente chileno: Una propuesta de análisis desde la Historia del Tiempo Presente (1989-2019)
Authors: Ovalle Pastén Daniel
Published: August 2023

Este artículo es una propuesta de análisis para comprender el actual proceso constituyente chileno desde una perspectiva histórica. Para ello se propone pensar la Constitución de 1980 desde la vuelta a la democracia (1989) hasta el denominado “estallido social” de octubre del 2019. La idea central es que los modos de comprender la Constitución de Pinochet (Constitución de 1980) son parte de la conformación de la conciencia histórica y que el “estallido social” presenta un tiempo de ruptura que articula un nuevo modo de pensar la conciencia histórica del Chile reciente.
Analisis Fenomena Perilaku Phubbing terhadap Rendahnya Kualitas Pergaulan Remaja di Kecamatan Hinai
Authors: Pranoto Bagus , Walisyah Tengku
Published: August 2023

Phubbing adalah fenomena yang lebih banyak tentang ponsel daripada berinteraksi dengan lingkungan. Kriteria phubbing adalah terlalu fokus pada smartphone meskipun sedang berkumpul dengan teman-temannya termasuk remaja, selalu membawa smartphone kemana-mana, dan kemudian panik ketika tidak ada smartphone di sekitarnya. Tujuan penelitian ini agar mengetahui fenomena phubbing terhadap rendahnya kualitas pergaulan remaja di Kecamatan Hinai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Jumlah informan dalam penelitian ini merupakan remaja yang berjumlah 30 orang diantaranya yaitu 17 remaja sebagai pelaku (phubber) dan 13 remaja sebagai korban (phubbe) yang berada di Kecamatan Hinai. Hasil penelitian menunujukkan bahwa 1) phubbing disebabkan oleh faktor kecanduan bermain smartphone, bosan, kurang nyaman dengan lawan bicara, dan introvert, 2) dampak phubbing yaitu merasakan kehilangan momen kebersamaan, terlewat informasi sedang dibicarakan, dan di anggap tidak sopan. Karena tidak memposisikan diri sebaik mungkin. Sehingga phubbing berdampak negatif, 3) kualitas pertemanan masih baik karena sempat mengingatkan juga kalau tindakan itu buat orang lain tidak nyaman. Maka dari itu semakin tinggi phubbing maka akan semakin rendahnya kualitas pergaulan remaja.
Upaya Meningkatkan Pengendalian Perilaku Emosional Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun melalui Peran Orang Tua dan Guru di RA. Al Miffa
Authors: Noviampura Fauzia Herli
Published: August 2023

Pengendalian perilaku emosional pada anak usia dini merupakan hal yang penting untuk dikembangkan. Pengendalian perilaku emosional itu sendiri merupakan suatu proses di mana seseorang belajar untuk mengidentifikasi, mengevaluasi, dan mengatur emosinya agar sesuai dengan situasi dan tujuan yang diinginkan. Hal ini dilakukan melalui berbagai cara seperti memberi dukungan emosional, mengajarkan teknik-teknik pengendalian emosi, dan menyediakan lingkungan yang kondusif. Peran orang tua dan guru sangat penting dalam proses pengendalian perilaku emosional pada anak usia 4-6 tahun, karena mereka memberikan dukungan dan mengajarkan keterampilan yang diperlukan. Dengan bimbingan orang tua di lingkungan rumah dan guru di lingkungan sekolah, maka pendidikan anak usia dini merupakan salah satu bentuk penyelenggaraan pendidikan yang memberikan berbagai rangsangan untuk membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan baik jasmani maupun rohani agar memiliki kesiapan untuk memasuki jenjang pendidikan berikutnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan kombinasi peran orang tua dan guru yang efektif dapat meningkatkan pengendalian perilaku emosional pada anak-anak di RA. Al Miffa.
Efektivitas Model Discovery Learning (DL) dan Group Investigasi (GI) terhadap Hasil Belajar Pembelajaran Tematik Terpadu di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Arnanda Bertitus Oki , Indarini Endang
Published: August 2023

Rendahnya hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar berasal beberapa faktor eksternal adalah sekolah dan guru. Sekolah selalu terlibat dalam proses belajar mengajar. Berdasarkan hasil observasi di Gugus Tanggungharjo guru kurang bervariasi dalam penggunaan model pembelajaran. guru lebih keseringan menerapkan metode ceramah, Untuk hal itu akan membuat siswa cenderung pasif. Proses belajar di dalam juga akan mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa. Subyek penelitian ini adalah 30 siswa dari SD Negeri 3 Ngambakrejo dan 31 siswa dari SD Negeri Ngambakrejo 2. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian eskperimen dengan jenis penelitian menggunakan pola nonequivalent control group design. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian adalah tes dan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif dengan program SPSS for windows versi 20. Serta uji analisis statistik pada penelitian ini terdiri dari uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji T atau uji beda rata-rata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji Paired Sample T-Tes nilai sig. 2 tailed 0,000 < 0,05 maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan efektifitas model pembelajaran Discovery Learning dan Group Investigation terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran tematik kelas 4. Serta rata-rata hasil posttest dari kelas eskperimen adalah 81,67 sedangkan di kelas eksperimen 2 hasil rata-rata skor posttest adalah 65,10. Perbedaan rata-rata dari kelas eksperimen dan kelas eksperimen 2 adalah 16,57.
Եգիպտոսի ղպտիները 2011թ.-ի հունվարի 25-ի հեղափոխությանև բարձրագույն զինվորական խորհրդի կառավարման շրջանում (փետրվար 11, 2011 - 30 հունիս, 2012)
Authors: Անտոնյան Աննա
Published: August 2023

This article analyzes the position of the Copts,indigenous Egyptian Christians, on the Egyptian Revolution of the 25January 2011, which took place as a solid outcome of the “Arab spring” in Egypt, and important events that took place in the country under the rule of the Supreme Military Council (February 11, 2011 . - June 30, 2012). The Copts, after almost a century of passivity, took advantage of the situation and tried to return to the socio-political arena, putting forward their concerns not only with the help of the Coptic Orthodox Church, but also by establishing secular structures and using the tools of street and Internet struggle. Some aspects of discriminatory policies against Copts in the period under study are analyzed in the article. The article also examines the existing relations between the Coptic Orthodox Church and the state, as well as the attitude of the church to the processes of the “Arab Spring”.
Հայ պատկերամարտերը և պավլիկյանները Է-Ը դարերում
Authors: Նահապետյան Գաբրիել
Published: August 2023

Եթե ընդհանրացնենք, ապա կտեսնենք, որ Է դարի սկզբին Հայոց եկեղեցին հայտնվել էր բավականին բարդ վիճակում և ստիպված էր քաղկեդոնական եկեղեցու քարոզչությանը հակազդելու համար զգալի ջանքեր գործադրել։ Մովսես Բ Եղվարդեցի կաթողիկոսի կողմից ուղարկված քահանաների քարոզները նպաստում են Աղվանքում պատկերամարտության առաջ գալուն։ Է դարի սկզբին Աղվանքում հանդես եկած պատկերամարտների գաղափարները կենսունակ են գտնվում մինչև Ը դարի սկզբ և չնայած այն հանգամանքին, որ Ը դարի պատկերամարտները Հ. Օձնեցու պնդմամբ պավլիկայնների հետ «միմեանս ունիցին նոքա զթշնամութիւն», այնուամենայնիվ, հանդես են եկել համատեղ կերպով։ Իսկ այդ համատեղ հանդես գալուն օգնել է Քրիստոսի մարդեղացման հարցի շուրջ մոտեցումների ընդհանրությունը։ Քանի որ երկու ուղղությունների համար էլ որպես ընդհանրության հիմք «ճշմարտապես զմարմնացեալ Բանին» հարցն էր, ապա կարծում ենք, որ եղած ընդանրության ձևավորմանը գաղափարական հիմքում պետք է ընկած լիներ դոկետական մոտեցումը։
Summarizing we will see that the Armenian Church was in a rather difficult situation in the beginning of VII century and had to make significant efforts to counteract the propaganda of Chalcedonian Church. The sermons of the priests sent by Catholicos Movses II of Yeghvardetsi contributed to the emergence of iconoclasm in Aghvank. The ideas of iconoclasts acting in Aghvank in the beginning of VII century were viable until the beginning of VIII century and despite the fact that the iconoclasts of the VIII century have enmity with Paulicians according to Hovhan Odznetsi, however, they acted together. And that joint action was helped by the generality of approaches to the question of the incarnation of Christ. Since the basis of commonality for both directions was the question of "the truly embodied Thing", we believe that the docetic approach should have been the ideological basis for the formation of the existing difference.
A Review on the rasa vikalpa of Audbhida kasahara dravyas mentioned in Bhavaprakasha nighantu
Authors: KARNAM CHANDRASHEKHAR
Published: August 2023

Mechanism of drug action in Ayurveda, is always a topic of interest. Different fundamentals have been put forth by the seers to look at the pharmacodynamics of drug. Conversely, they explained the effect of drug without elaborating the mode/mechanism of action. Among the different concepts, Rasa vikalpa carries great importance in understanding nature and action of the drug.A particular rasa vikalpa acts on a particular pattern of dosha bheda. Unfortunately, the thought of rasa vikalpa is paid less attention these days in Ayurveda. Bhavaprakasha nighantu written by Bhavamishra is,at present, regarded as an authorative text on various medicinal plants.It accommodates 426 medicinal plants. An earnest attempt is made in this review to explore the rasavikalpa of audbhida kasaharadravyas.This review has brought to light 72 botanical sources mentioned in 8 classes that can be grouped as ekarasa vikalpa containing 30 source, dwik rasa vikalpa including 26 sources,trikrasa vikalpa consisting of 13 sources, chatushka rasvikalpa incorporating 2 sources and panchaka rasa vikalpa with one plant.
Clinical And Surgical Assessments of Disorders of Conjunctiva and Cornea in Dogs: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Abdelkader Nihal , Kammar Mahmoud , Ahmed Howaida , Korritum Ahmed
Published: August 2023

‎A retrospective study of ‎corneo-conjunctival disorders was conducted on 71 dogs at ‎several private pet clinics in ‎Alexandria in Egypt between 2019 and 2022 to determine ‎the incidence of corneo-‎conjunctival disorders among different breeds, ages, and ‎sexes of dogs‎ using descriptive statistical tools. The overall incidence of corneo-‎‎conjunctival disorders in dogs was (35.50%) of the total ocular disorders encountered ‎with ‎Golden retriever breed being the most affected. The majority of corneo-‎conjunctival ‎affections were met with dogs less than 1 year of age with the cornea ‎being the most ‎affected anatomical location. Corneal Ulcer was the most frequently ‎diagnosed clinical ‎condition. It was also seen that males were affected more than ‎females.‎
Histopathological Studies of Eimeria cameli in the intestine of infected one-humped camel (Camelus dromedaries)
Authors: Mohammed Rasha
Published: August 2023

Domesticated Old World camels (Camelus dromedarius and Camelus bactrianus) are important for the economy of several countries in Asia, Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. Coccidiosis is one of the major parasitic diseases in camels which is caused by protozoa of the genus Eimeria, it is considered one of intracellular parasites, transmitted through fecal oral Route. Coccidiosis is responsible for mortality rates of up to 10% in camel calves besides enteritis; also it is characterized by subclinical contagious enteritis in wild and domesticated animals. Although five species of Eimeria were believed to have capability of infecting camels as (E. bactriani, E. rajasthani, E. pellerdyi, and E. dromedarii), the E. cameli is considered the most pathogenic one. A total of 42 samples from small intestine of slaughtered camels were collected from El-Basatin abattoir, Cairo, Egypt. Grossly, the small intestine infected with coccidian showed congested red spots within serosa and mucosa. On histopathological examination, infected tissues showed chronic, hemorrhagic and granulomatous enteritis, the intestinal glands have rose shape appearance in some cases, and complete loss of intestinal gland structure with sever infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells in other cases, hyper eosinophilia and different developmental stages of Eimeria.
Majör Depresyon Bozukluğu Tanili Bir Örneklemde Nörotisizm ve Depresif Belirtiler: Mükemmeliyetçiliğin Düzenleyici Rolü
Authors: aran Servet
Published: August 2023

Mükemmeliyetçilik ve nörotisizm kişilik özelliklerinin, majör depresyon bozukluğun (MDB) ortaya çikmasi ve sürdürülmesindeki rolü uzun yillardir farkli araştirmalarda ve çeşitli örneklem gruplarinda araştirilagelmiştir. Son zamanlarda yapilan araştirmalar, bu iki kişilik özelliğinin farkli psikopatolojilerin tedavisinde etkin rol oynadiğini da belirtmektedir. Ancak, hem mükemmeliyetçiliğin hem de nörotisizmin majör depresyon bozukluğu belirtilerinin ortaya çikmasindaki etkisi pek çok bilimsel araştirmada incelenmiş olmasina rağmen, alanyazinda bu iki kişilik özelliğinin etkileşiminin depresif belirtiler üzerindeki etkisini inceleyen bir araştirmaya rastlanmamiştir. Bu nedenle bu çalişmada, nörotisizm ile depresif belirtiler arasindaki ilişkide mükemmeliyetçiliğin düzenleyici rolü incelenmiştir. Araştirmanin örneklemini DSM-5’e göre yalnizca majör depresyon bozukluğu tanisi almiş 90 katilimci oluşturmaktadir. Katilimcilarin tanilarina uzman psikiyatrist tanisi/ön tanisina takiben yapilan DSM-5 Bozukluklari Için Yapilandirilmiş Klinik Görüşme doğrultusunda yapilan değerlendirme ile karar verilmiştir. Araştirmada veri toplama araçlari olarak, Beş Faktör Kişilik Envanteri Kisa Form-Duygusal Tutarsizlik Alt Boyutu, Frost Çok Boyutlu Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği ve Beck Depresyon Envanteri kullanilmiştir. Mükemmeliyetçiliğin düzenleyici rolünü incelemek amaciyla SPSS PROCESS Macro uzantisi araciliğiyla düzenleyici değişken analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre; nörotisizm ile depresif belirtiler arasindaki ilişkide mükemmeliyetçiliğin düzenleyici rolü vardir. Yani, nörotisizm ve mükemmeliyetçilik kişilik özelliklerinin etkileşimi bireylerin depresiflik düzeylerini etkilemekte, hem nörotisizm hem de mükemmeliyetçilik düzeyi artiş gösterdiğinde bireylerin depresiflik düzeyleri daha da artmaktadir. Bu bulgular, depresif belirtilerin azalmasinda nörotisizm ve mükemmeliyetçilik kişilik özelliklerini birlikte ele almanin önemine vurguda bulunmaktadir.
An Unguided Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program for Test Anxiety
Authors: Avcil Cumhur , Herdi O
Published: August 2023

Test anxiety, a particular manifestation of performance anxiety similar to sports anxiety or the anxiety experienced during public speaking, is characterized by emotional, behavioral, and physiological responses that lead to diminished performance and academic attainment. The primary objective of this paper is to scrutinize the effectiveness of the "No More Test Anxiety" program, an Unguided Computerized Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (cCBT) for Test Anxiety, an intervention not yet implemented in Turkey. The study was conducted in two phases: a pilot study and the main study. The pilot study examined the accessibility and feasibility of the program with 11 participants, while the main study evaluated the efficacy of the program with 34 participants using a pre-test post-test control group design. Participants were assigned to groups via convenience sampling, and the Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used for analysis. The results demonstrated significant reductions in TAI, STAI-State, and STAI-Trait scores in the treatment group at the end of the intervention (respectively, p < 0.001). Power analysis revealed that the study achieved sufficient power to detect these effects, and effect size calculations highlighted the clinical significance of the findings. The unguided cCBT program for test anxiety was determined to be both feasible and effective, offering insights into the innovative and evolving field of digital psychotherapy
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARLY MALADAPTIVE SCHEMES IN OCD SUBTYPES
Authors: NAZLI erif , C Eseng , MAN Fatih
Published: August 2023

There are few studies in the literature examining the role of early maladaptive schemas (EMS) in OCD. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study examining OCD in terms of schema domains and the scope of schema theory. Our study, in which and the relationship between OCD sub-dimensions and EMS was examined, was planned to contribute to the literature in conceptualizing OCD according to the schema model. 60 OCD patients and 111 healthy volunteers were included in the study and sociodemographic form, Young Schema Scale Short Form-3 and Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) scales were applied. Considering the hypothesis that each psychopathology exhibits unique schema activations, increasing number of prospective studies examining OCD and its subtypes and early maladaptive schemas and schema domains will contribute to the literature in this field. Although the common denominator of the studies conducted is that certain EMSs are active in OCD, our study stands out in terms of examining subtypes and schema domain correlations.
Our treatment outcomes in bartholin cysts or abscesses
Authors: Yoruk Nurcan
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the outcomes of Bartholin abscess or cyst surgery, silver nitrate therapy, and cyst or abscess excision in terms of recurrence, duration of the procedure, and healing times. The files of 100 patients treated in our hospital for Bartholin cysts or abscesses between March 2022 and December 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. The patients’ demographic characteristics were recorded. Demographic data, the location and size of Bartholin abscesses, complaints at presentation, and cases with recurrence were noted. The patients were divided into three groups according to the treatment applied and were compared with one another, especially in terms of recurrence, operative time, and recovery time. Group 1 consisted of those who underwent drainage due to Bartholin cyst or abscess, Group 2 of those treated with silver nitrate, and Group 3 of those who underwent cyst excision. Recurrence was detected in 12 (40%) of the cases in Group 1. Relapsed cases were treated with silver nitrate. Recurrence was observed in only one patient in the group treated with silver nitrate (Group 2). Bartholin cyst excision was performed on that patient. Mean operation times were 2.80 min in Group 1, 4.40 min in Group 2, and 23 min in Group 3 (p=0.0001). Mean recovery times were 3.37±0.49 days in Group 1, 6.13±0.73 days in Group 2, and 13.70±2.09 days in Group 3 (p=0.0001). A comparison of the patients in all three groups revealed that the recurrence rate was higher in the group receiving abscess drainage. While recurrence was observed in only one patient in the silver nitrate group, no recurrence occurred in the cyst excision group (p<0.001). This study emphasizes that silver nitrate application is a simple practical method that can be performed using local anesthesia, and involving minimal scar tissue, a faster procedure time, and faster recovery.
Development and validation of an HPLC-UV method for purity determination of DNA
Authors: Oztug Merve , Yalcinkaya Burhanettin
Published: August 2023

Determination of the concentration and the purity of DNAs is crucial for measuring the DNA copy number since it will influence further DNA analysis such as digital PCR (dPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Precise and scientifically validated DNA measurements empower healthcare professionals and authorities to deliver reliable outcomes. DNA agarose gel electrophoresis is commonly used to check DNA purity; however, its resolution is limited. In this study, a quantitative HPLC-UV measurement method to separate DNAs was established as an alternative to both DNA electrophoresis and spectrophotometric techniques. The method was fully validated to separate DNAs ranging between 75 and 20,000 base pairs. DNA mixtures were prepared gravimetrically. Chromatographic separations were conducted on a TSKgel DNA-NPR column with dimensions of 2.5µm, 4.6mm ID x 7.5cm, using a flow rate of 0.75 mL/min. The uncertainty of the method was assessed following the guidelines provided by EURACHEM/CITAC. The method demonstrated linearity for the 200 bp DNA fragment within the range of 0.4 ng to 800 ng DNA, with a high regression coefficient of R²=0.999. The Limit of Detection (LOD) for the 200 bp DNA fragment was determined to be 1 ng, while the Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) was found to be 3 ng. The recovery percentages for the 1%, 5%, and 10% impurities of the 150 bp DNA in 200 bp DNA fragments were measured at 101.8%, 97.4%, and 99.5%, respectively. The method established can be used in the value assignment stages of the reference materials which are required for SI traceable DNA measurements.
Effects of deforestation on rural household income in Oyo state, Nigeria
Authors: Akanbi Sheu-Usman Oladipo , Cole Olawale Oluwasegun , Adekunle Adedayo Olufemi , Jatto Kabir Adedayo , Alao Bashir
Published: August 2023

The study examined the effects of deforestation on rural household income in Oyo state, Nigeria. The specific objectives include; identification of the types of livelihood activities; identifying the causes of deforestation; and to determine the effects of deforestation on the household income. A total of one hundred and eighty (180) rural dwellers were interviewed in 2020. We collected the data through the use of questionnaires and focus group discussions analysed the data with descriptive statistics and ordinary least square regression (OLS). The result shows that the majority (85.5%) of the respondents were farmers. The livelihood activities employed by the rural households include the combination of farming with any of charcoal production and livestock rearing (50%); charcoal business (33%); the gathering of non-timber forest products (14%); and artisanal work respectively (3.3%). The major causes of deforestation were farm expansion (55%), charcoal use (20.6%), building construction (11.7%), and lumbering (3.9%). The regression analysis revealed that farm expansion, charcoal business, and lwere found to increase significantly the household income in the study area. The study thereby recommends the adoption of agroforestry for improved livelihoods and to boost household income, energy, food security and this will also reduce deforestation.
O DIREITO À LITERATURA E O SEU (NÃO) ESPAÇO NO ENSINO MÉDIO PÚBLICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Martins Islane Archanjo Rocha , De Aquino Thaís Aldred Iasbik , Santos Iassmyn Vitoria Costa , Nascimento Icaro Silva , Pereira Bianca Rodrigues
Published: August 2023

A sociedade brasileira está em constante transformação e isso impacta tanto no ordenamento jurídico como na formação dos sujeitos no âmbito escolar, pois busca-se no ambiente escolar contribuir com o aprimoramento dos educandos para que as competências e habilidades desenvolvidas estejam em consonância com o cenário contemporâneo em que eles estão inseridos. Em razão disso, são reiteradas as alterações tanto nas normas educacionais como em relação aos currículos e toda a organização e ambiente escolar. Por meio desta pesquisa objetiva-se analisar quais são os reflexos da associação da Literatura enquanto um componente acessório à disciplina de Língua Portuguesa no ensino médio público brasileiro. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, bibliográfica, documental, descritiva e o método adotado foi o hipotético-dedutivo. Ao final, observa-se que o ensino literário, se oferecido com matéria autônoma na grade curricular, poderá contribuir para o desenvolvimento pessoal do aluno, aprimorando seu pensamento crítico, e fazendo com que o mesmo se torne um indivíduo que pensa de forma independente e convive com consciência e responsabilidade na sociedade. E dessa forma, suceda a concretização dos direitos fundamentais instituídos na Constituição Federal de 1988, além de alcançar a finalidade da etapa final da educação básica prevista pelas Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, no tocante a formação ética e do desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico do discente.
Uji Antioksidan Sediaan Suspensi Ekstrak Sereh Dapur (Cymbopogon Citratus) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Suspending Agent PGA (Pulvis Gummi Arabici) Dan CMC-NA (Carboxymethylcellulosum Natrium)
Authors: Sugiarti Bintari Anggi Dwi , Februyani Nawafila , Saputri Romadhiyana Kisno
Published: August 2023

Suspensi merupakan sediaan yang mengandung bahan obat padat dalam bentuk halus dan tidak larut, serta terdispersi dalam cairan pembawa. Agar mendapatkan sediaan suspensi yang stabil diperlukan adanya suspending agent, suspending agent merupakan zat yang dapat memperlambat pengendapan serta mencegah terjadinya penurunan ukuran partikel, dapat meningkatkan viskositas suatu sediaan. Suspensi dalam penelitian ini berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Sumber antioksidan alami yang dapat dimanfatkan sebagai alternatif obat herbal adalah tanaman sereh dapur (Cymbopogon citratus). Tanaman sereh dapur (Cymbopogon citratus) memiliki berbagai senyawa bioaktif dan mengandung antioksidan tinggi yang terdapat pada bagian batang dan akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari adanya variasi konsentrasi suspending agent PGA  dan CMC-Na terhadap nilai aktivitas antioksidan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi suspending agent dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas antioksidan dengan hasil kategori aktivitas sedang dan sangat lemah.
EXAM SURVEILLANCE USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Sreeja Kothapalli
Published: August 2023

Recent publications on video surveillance systems in conferences and journals show that researchers are paying attention. This review's objectives are to look at the most recent works that have been published in journals, suggest a new classification scheme for video surveillance systems, and look into each component of that scheme. Using the article's title and keyword, this paper presents a thorough and organized analysis of the prior literature on video surveillance systems from 2010 to 2011. The review was taken from six online digital libraries. The architecture of video surveillance systems, which consists of six layers: the Concept and Foundation Layer, Network Infrastructure Layer, Processor Layer, Communication Layer, Application Layer, and User Interaction Layer, serves as the foundation for the suggested classification framework. This analysis demonstrates that while real-time aspects of the problem are the subject of many publications and studies, the use of extracted and retrieved information for forensic video surveillance has received less attention. Key Words: CCTV, video surveillance system, exam surveillance, student activity recognition, frameworks, datasets, network infrastructure layer, processing layer, communication layer, application layer, and user interaction layer.
Bibliometric analysis of alcohol and substance use prevention research in Africa
Authors: Tapera Roy , Mupara Lucia M. , Selemogwe-Matsetse Morekwe , Kehumile Johane T. , Gaogane Lebogang , Tsholofelo Ellen , Murambiwa Pretty
Published: August 2023

Background: This study was designed to give a bibliometric overview of research productivity in alcohol and substance use prevention in Africa as a response to international efforts to prevent alcohol and substance use.Methods: Original research articles authored or coauthored by investigators from African countries on alcohol and substance use prevention during the period of 2008-2018 were retrieved from Web of Science (WoS), EBSCOhost, and PubMed and reviewed.  Keywords related to alcohol and substance use were used to retrieve relevant literature.Results: Our search returned 3600 hits, with 34 articles retained. Included articles were conducted in 12 countries across the five regions in Africa (Central, East, North, South, and West) and spreading over 11 years, 2008-2018. The annual published articles showed a significant rise from 2008 to 2018 with South Africa ranked number one, with a total of 9 (31%) published articles followed by Kenya 4 (13.8%). Bronwyn Myers from South Africa and Atwoli et al. from Kenya were the most prolific authors. Age and gender were the mostreported risk factors in the selected studies. The most active institutions in alcohol and substance use prevention research are The Medical Research Council of South Africa, Stellenbosch University, and Moi University.Conclusions: There were few collaborations among Africans themselves, yet these collaborations would enhance future alcohol and substance use prevention research productivity. Currently, a broad spectrum of substance use prevention interventions has beenimplemented throughout the African continent, ranging from individual to community-based interventions
Prevalence of Hearing Loss in Primary School Children in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Hapunda Racheal Kasamba , Aswani J , Kipingor M , Munthali J
Published: August 2023

Background: Disabling hearing loss has serious implications in a child's development as it reduces the intelligibility of speech thereby interfering with the learning process. This will negatively impact on their vocational choices.

Study objective: To determine the prevalence of hearing loss in primary school children in the central zone of Lusaka district, Zambia.

Methodology: 1277 children, aged 6 to 13 years, from public primary schools in the central zone of Lusaka district were randomly  selected and examined. Clinical otologic assessment, tympanometry and audiometry screening were conducted on all participants. Children who failed the audiometry-screening test underwent a pure tone audiometry to determine the extent and nature of their hearing impairment.

Results: The prevalence of hearing impairment was 11.5% consisting of conductive hearing loss (87.8%), sensorineural hearing loss  (6.8%) and mixed hearing loss (5.4%). Hearing impairment was more common in male children (13.8%) compared to female children (9.3%) (P value= < 0.05). Thirty six point eight percent children had ear disease. The commonest ear disease was wax impaction (66%)found in children followed by otitis media with effusion (20%), foreign body ear (4%) and chronic suppurative otitis media (2%). The odds of developing hearing impairment in children with chronic suppurative otitis media was nine times greater than that of children without chronic suppurative otitis media OR = 9.9(95% CI, 2.33- 47.43).

Conclusions: The prevalence of hearing impairment in school children in central zone of Lusaka district is high. This study shows that  chronic suppurative otitis media has a statistical significant association with hearing loss and that the male children are at a higher risk of developing hearing impairment. There is urgent need for ear and hearing care awareness, and screening programs at the  community level in the central zone of Lusaka district.
Implementation of Crowdfunding Web Application Using AWS Amplify Architecture with End-to-End Testing Using Playwright
Authors: Utomo Ary , Wijaya Ganang , Setiawan Yanto
Published: August 2023

This research aims to address the challenges in fundraising processes, which often lack systematic and transparent approaches. To overcome these issues, a web-based crowdfunding application was developed using AWS Amplify as the cloud architecture, Next.js as the web application development framework, and Playwright as the automated end-to-end testing framework. Following the Agile Scrum methodology, the application was designed to provide a convenient and secure user experience for fundraising managers, donors, and potential beneficiaries. The evaluation results showed a high user satisfaction rate of 93.29%, indicating a significant improvement in fundraising effectiveness. Furthermore, the implementation of the web application resulted in a remarkable 210% increase in fundraising efficiency within a 19-day timeframe. The end-to-end automated testing, covering 11 test scenarios on various browsers such as Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit, demonstrated successful performance within a short testing time of 1.9 minutes. These findings validate the success and benefits of the developed web application, offering improved fundraising capabilities and high user satisfaction.
马基雅维利特质抑或策略？ ——基于全球范围大样本的实证分析
Authors:   中国人民大学, 王 明璨
Published: August 2023

以“马基雅维利特质量表”(MACH-IV)、“10 项目人格量表”(TIPI)、常见社会人口学变量和其他校验项目构成的数据为基础，对马基雅维利特质进行大样本(n=35475)实证分析，以验证其核心预测变量和中介变量，并尝试性地回答马基雅维利主义是人格特质还是行为策略的问题。结果显示：相比其他人格维度，宜人性对马基雅维利特质具有显著负向预测作用且效应量最大，还中介了婚姻状态对马基雅维利特质的影响。此外，未发现教育程度对尽责性或马基雅维利特质的显著预测作用。综合而言，马基雅维利特质主要嵌于某一人格维度之中；同时，作为一种行为策略也受到环境因素和心理动力学因素的影响。