bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The South African perspective on the lean manufacturing Respect for People principles
Authors: Coetzee Rojanette , Jonker Cara , Van der Merwe Karl , Van Dyk Liezl
Published: April 2019

Orientation: Many industries have adopted the popular continuous improvement (CI) approach, lean manufacturing, to facilitate CI initiatives. However, several studies have confirmed that the low success rate of lean implementation can be attributed to the disproportionate focus on lean tools and techniques at the expense of the human factor, as expressed in the Respect for People (RFP) principles mentioned in lean literature.Research purpose: To provide qualitative insight into the understanding and applicability of the Japanese RFP principles within the South African context.Motivation for the study: An improved understanding of these RFP principles within the South African context can contribute to more successful lean implementations.Research approach/design and method: A phenomenological approach was followed to conduct the study in different South African industries. Purposive, expert sampling was used and 22 individuals took part in the exploratory discussions. Data analysis was performed using applied thematic analysis.Main findings: The South African participants identified all the Japanese RFP principles as applicable to the South African context. However, additional RFP themes were also identified, specifically job security and aligned commitment.Practical/managerial implications: These findings are of importance to organisations planning to implement a Japanese-designed optimisation technique within a South African context. Organisations should pay attention to the original Japanese RFP themes and the additional RFP themes identified in this study.Contribution/value-add: This study contributes to the limited research available on lean manufacturing and the RFP principles within the South African context. New RFP themes are provided for organisations implementing a Japanese CI methodology within a South African context. The comparison of the understanding of the RFP themes in Japan and South Africa also contributes to the field of industrial psychology.
Differential Effects of Sympatholytic Agents on the Power Spectrum of Rats during the Cooling-Induced Hemodynamic Perturbations
Authors: Yang Yung-Nien , Tsai Hsien-Lung , Lin Yu-Chieh , Liu Yia-Ping , Tung Che-Se
Published: April 2019

Cold stress-elicited hemodynamic perturbations (CEHP) its underlying mechanisms still not clear. We examined the difference of two effector arms of sympathetic outflows, the sympathoadrenal system, and postganglionic sympathetic neurons, their role in CEHP genesis by using two sympatholytic agents, fusaric acid (FA, dopamine-β-hydroxylase inhibitor) and guanethidine (GUA, norepinephrine-depleting drug). Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (n = 6, each), an intraperitoneal injection of control vehicle saline or FA or GUA and then all rats were subjected to a 10-min CS trial. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), dicrotic notch (Dn), power spectrum of blood pressure variability and HR variability (BPV, HRV), and coherence spectrum at very-low, low, and high frequency regions (VLF: 0.02–0.2 Hz, LF: 0.2–0.6 Hz, and HF: 0.6–3.0 Hz) were monitored using telemetry throughout the experiment course. We observed both FA and GUA attenuated SBP and HR and the spectral powers of BPV at VLF, LF, and HF in both baseline (PreCS) and cold stimuli (CS) conditions, but apparently, FA exerted stronger effects than GUA did. Both FA and GUA generally attenuated the responses of CS-induced pressor and tachycardia and the CS-increased VLFBPV, LFBPV, and HFBPV, but different effects between FA and GUA, when compared with control vehicle under CS. FA reduced the CS-reduced VLFHRV and the CS-increased LFBPV and HFBPV more than GUA did. We further observed in both PreCS and CS, GUA but not FA increased HFHRV; FA reduced but apparently, GUA increased the occurrence of Dn. Finally, we observed FA weakened, but GUA strengthened the coherence between BPV and HRV at both LF and HF regions. Taken together, the different effects between FA and GUA on CEHP indicate a role of the sympathoadrenal mechanism in response to CS.
Классы Бесова на конечномерных и бесконечномерных пространствах
Authors: Kosov Egor Dmitrievich
Published: April 2019

Дается эквивалентное описание пространств Бесова через новый модуль непрерывности.
Затем аналогичный подход применяется для определения классов Бесова на бесконечномерном пространстве с гауссовской мерой.
Библиография: 25 названий.
Топологическая классификация слоений Лиувилля для интегрируемого случая Ковалевской на алгебре Ли $\operatorname{so}(4)$
Authors: Kibkalo Vladislav Alexandrovich
Published: April 2019

Исследуется топология слоения Лиувилля аналога интегрируемого случая Ковалевской на алгебре Ли $\operatorname{so}(4)$. Вычислены инварианты Фоменко-Цишанга (т.е. меченые молекулы) данного слоения на каждой неособой изоэнергетической поверхности. Подробно описана возникающая стратификация трехмерного пространства параметров изоэнергетических поверхностей.
Библиография: 23 названия.
Italian Version of the Jebsen–Taylor Hand Function Test for the Assessment of Hand Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nobilia Marta , Culicchia Greta , Tofani Marco , De Santis Rita , Savona Andrea , Guarino Domenico , Valente Donatella , Galeoto Giovanni
Published: April 2019

Importance: Having a test to evaluate hand function is fundamental to occupational therapy practice.

Objective: To assess the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Jebsen–Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Three health care institutions in Rome, Italy.

Participants: 136 people with injuries, burns, or neurological diseases of the hand.

Intervention: No intervention was provided.

Outcomes and Measures: We administered the JTHFT, an assessment of fine motor skills during performance of activities of daily living, and compared results with dynamometer readings.

Results: The mean ± standard deviation total time required to perform all subtests was 89.47 ± 67.98 s for the dominant hand (DH) and 167.11 ± 257.58 s for the nondominant hand (NDH). Reliability procedures were applied to data from 51 participants; mean intrarater intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was .814 for the DH and .981 for the NDH, and mean interrater ICC was .818 for the DH and .821 for the NDH. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were significant.

Conclusion and Relevance: Results support the use of the Italian version of the JTHFT as a measure of functional dexterity in people with upper limb disorders.

What This Article Adds: The JTHFT is a valid and reliable assessment tool for nonspecific hand diseases. Italian health professionals can now use the JTHFT with more confidence.
Contributions of different sources to nitrous acid (HONO) at the SORPES station in eastern China: results from one-year continuous observation
Authors: Liu Yuliang , Nie Wei , Xu Zheng , Wang Tianyi , Wang Ruoxian , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Lei , Chi Xuguang , Ding Aijun
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Nitrous acid (HONO), a reservoir of the hydroxyl radical (OH), has been long-standing recognized to be of significant importance to atmospheric chemistry, but its sources are still debate. In this study, we conducted continuous measurement of HONO from November 2017 to November 2018 at SORPES station in Nanjing of eastern China. The yearly average mixing ratio of observed HONO was 0.69 ± 0.58 ppb, showing a larger contribution to OH relative to ozone with a mean OH production rate of 0.90 ± 0.27 ppb/h. To estimate the effect of combustion emissions of HONO, the emitted ratios of HONO and NOx were derived from 55 fresh plumes (NO / NOx > 0.85), with a mean value of 0.79 %. The well-defined seasonal and diurnal patterns with clear wintertime and early morning concentration peaks of both HONO and NOx indicate that NOx is the critical precursor of HONO. During the nighttime, the chemistry of HONO was found to depend on RH, and heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on aerosol surface was presumably responsible for HONO production. The average nighttime NO2-to-HONO conversion frequency (CHONO) was determined to be 0.0055 ± 0.0032 h−1 from 137 HONO formation cases. The missing source of HONO around noontime seemed to be photo-induced with an average Punknown of 1.13 ± 0.95 ppb h−1, based on a semiquantitative HONO budget analysis. An over-determined system of equations was applied to obtain the monthly variations in nocturnal HONO sources. Except for burning-emitted HONO (approximately 23 % of total measured HONO), the contribution of heterogeneous formation on ground surfaces was an approximately constant proportion of 36 % throughout the year. The soil emission revealed clear seasonal variation, and contributed up to 40 % of observed HONO in July and August. A higher propensity for generating HONO on aerosol surface occurred in heavily polluted period (about 40 % of HONO in January). Our results highlight ever-changing contributions of HONO sources, and encourage more long-term observations to evaluate the contribution from varied sources.
A new method to quantify mineral dust and other aerosol species from aircraft platforms using single particle mass spectrometry
Authors: Froyd Karl D. , Murphy Daniel M. , Brock Charles A. , Campuzano-Jost Pedro , Dibb Jack E. , Jimenez Jose-Luis , Kupc Agnieszka , Middlebrook Ann M. , Schill Gregory P. , Thornhill Kenneth L. , Williamson Christina J. , Wilson James C. , Ziemba Luke D.
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Single-particle mass spectrometer (SPMS) instruments characterize the composition of individual aerosol particles in real time. Their fundamental ability to differentiate the externally mixed particle types that constitute the atmospheric aerosol population enables a unique perspective into sources and transformation. However, quantitative measurements by SPMS systems are inherently problematic. We introduce a new technique that combines collocated measurements of aerosol composition by SPMS and size-resolved absolute particle concentrations on aircraft platforms. Quantitative number, surface area, volume, and mass concentrations are derived for climate-relevant particle types such as mineral dust, sea salt, and biomass burning smoke. Additionally, relative ion signals are calibrated to derive mass concentrations of internally mixed sulfate and organic material that are distributed across multiple particle types. The NOAA Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometry (PALMS) instrument measures size-resolved aerosol chemical composition from aircraft. We describe the identification and quantification of nine major atmospheric particle classes, including sulfate/organic/nitrate mixtures, biomass burning, elemental carbon, sea salt, mineral dust, meteoric material, alkali salts, heavy fuel oil combustion, and a remainder class. Classes can be sub-divided as necessary based on chemical heterogeneity, accumulated secondary material during aging, or other atmospheric processing. Concentrations are derived for sizes that encompass the accumulation and coarse size modes. A statistical error analysis indicates that particle class concentrations can be determined within a few minutes for abundances above ~ 10 ng m−3. Rare particle types require longer sampling times. We explore the instrumentation requirements and the limitations of the method for airborne measurements. Reducing the size resolution of the particle data increases time resolution with only a modest increase in uncertainty. The principal limiting factor to fast time response concentration measurements is statistically relevant sampling across the size range of interest, in particular, sizes D  2 μm for coarse mode analysis. We demonstrate the use of a virtual impactor to enhance sampling statistics for the inherently sparse coarse mode. Performance is compared to other airborne and ground-based composition measurements, and examples of atmospheric mineral dust concentrations are given. The wealth of information afforded by composition-resolved size distributions for all major aerosol types represents a new and powerful tool to characterize atmospheric aerosol properties in a quantitative fashion.
Long-chain diols in settling particles in tropical oceans: insights into sources, seasonality and proxies
Authors: de Bar Marijke W. , Ullgren Jenny E. , Thunnell Robert C. , Wakeham Stuart G. , Brummer Geert-Jan A. , Stuut Jan-Berend W. , Sinninghe Damsté Jaap S. , Schouten Stefan
Published: April 2019

Abstract. In this study we analyzed sediment trap time series from five tropical sites
to assess seasonal variations in concentrations and fluxes of long-chain
diols (LCDs) and associated proxies with emphasis on the long-chain diol
index (LDI) temperature proxy. For the tropical Atlantic, we observe that
generally less than 2 % of LCDs settling from the water column are
preserved in the sediment. The Atlantic and Mozambique Channel traps reveal
minimal seasonal variations in the LDI, similar to the two other lipid-based
temperature proxies TEX86 and U37K′. In addition,
annual mean LDI-derived temperatures are in good agreement with the annual
mean satellite-derived sea surface temperatures (SSTs). In contrast, the LDI
in the Cariaco Basin shows larger seasonal variation, as do the TEX86
and U37K′. Here, the LDI underestimates SST during the
warmest months, which is possibly due to summer stratification and the
habitat depth of the diol producers deepening to around 20–30 m. Surface
sediment LDI temperatures in the Atlantic and Mozambique Channel compare well
with the average LDI-derived temperatures from the overlying sediment traps,
as well as with decadal annual mean SST. Lastly, we observed large seasonal
variations in the diol index, as an indicator of upwelling conditions, at
three sites: in the eastern Atlantic, potentially linked to Guinea Dome
upwelling; in the Cariaco Basin, likely caused by seasonal upwelling; and in
the Mozambique Channel, where diol index variations may be driven by
upwelling from favorable winds and/or eddy migration.
Patterns and drivers of dimethylsulfide concentration in the northeast subarctic Pacific across multiple spatial and temporal scales
Authors: Herr Alysia E. , Kiene Ronald P. , Dacey John W. H. , Tortell Philippe D.
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The northeast subarctic Pacific (NESAP) is a globally
important source of the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), yet the
processes driving DMS variability across this region are poorly understood.
Here we examine the spatial distribution of DMS at various spatial scales in
contrasting oceanographic regimes of the NESAP. We present new high-spatial-resolution measurements of DMS across hydrographic frontal zones along the
British Columbia continental shelf, together with key environmental variables
and biological rate measurements. We combine these new data with existing
observations to produce a revised summertime DMS climatology for the NESAP,
yielding a broader context for our sub-mesoscale process studies. Our results
demonstrate sharp DMS concentration gradients across hydrographic frontal
zones and suggest the presence of two distinct DMS cycling regimes in the
NESAP, corresponding to microphytoplankton-dominated waters along the
continental shelf and nanoplankton-dominated waters in the cross-shelf
transitional zone. DMS concentrations across the continental shelf transition
(range < 1–10 nM, mean 3.9 nM) exhibited positive correlations to
salinity (r=0.80), sea surface height anomaly (SSHA; r=0.51), and the
relative abundance of prymnesiophyte and dinoflagellates (r=0.89). In
contrast, DMS concentrations in nearshore coastal transects (range < 1–24 nM, mean 6.1 nM) showed a negative correlation with salinity
(r=-0.69; r=-0.78) and SSHA (r=-0.81; r=-0.75) and a positive
correlation to relative diatom abundance (r=0.88; r=0.86). These results
highlight the importance of bloom-driven DMS production in continental shelf
waters of this region and the role of prymnesiophytes and dinoflagellates in
DMS cycling further offshore. In all areas, the rate of DMS consumption
appeared to be an important control on observed concentration gradients, with
higher DMS consumption rate constants associated with lower DMS
concentrations. We compiled a data set of all available summertime DMS
observations for the NESAP (including previously unpublished results) to
examine the performance of several existing algorithms for predicting regional
DMS concentrations. None of these existing algorithms was able to accurately
reproduce observed DMS distributions across the NESAP, although performance
was improved by the use of regionally tuned coefficients. Based on our
compiled observations, we derived an average summertime distribution map for
DMS concentrations and sea–air fluxes across the NESAP, estimating a mean
regional flux of 0.30 Tg of DMS-derived sulfur to the atmosphere during the
summer season.
Developing a sequential cropping capability in the JULESvn5.2 land–surface model
Authors: Mathison Camilla , Challinor Andrew J. , Deva Chetan , Falloon Pete , Garrigues Sébastien , Moulin Sophie , Williams Karina , Wiltshire Andy
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Sequential cropping (also known as multiple or double cropping) is a common feature, particularly for tropical regions, where the crop seasons are largely dictated by the main wet season such as the Asian summer monsoon (ASM). The ASM provides the water resources for crops grown for the whole year, thereby influencing crop production outside the ASM period. Land surface models (LSMs) typically simulate a single crop per year, however, in order to understand how sequential cropping influences demand for resources, we need to simulate all of the crops grown within a year in a seamless way. In this paper we implement sequential cropping in a branch of the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) and demonstrate its use at Avignon, a site that uses the sequential cropping system and provides over 15-years of continuous flux observations which we use to evaluate JULES with sequential cropping. In order to implement the method in future regional simulations where there may be large variations in growing conditions, we apply the same method to four locations in the North Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar to simulate the rice--wheat rotation and compare model yields to observations at these locations. JULES is able to simulate sequential cropping at Avignon and the four India locations, representing both crops within one growing season in each of the crop rotations presented. At Avignon the maxima of LAI, above ground biomass and canopy height occur at approximately the correct time for both crops. The magnitudes of biomass, especially for winter wheat, are underestimated and the leaf area index is overestimated. The JULES fluxes are a good fit to observations (r-values greater than 0.7), either using grasses to represent crops or the crop model, implying that both approaches represent the surface coverage correctly. For the India simulations, JULES successfully reproduces observed yields for the eastern locations, however yields are under estimated for the western locations. This development is a step forward in the ability of JULES to simulate crops in tropical regions, where this cropping system is already prevalent, while also providing the opportunity to assess the potential for other regions to implement it as an adaptation to climate change.
Does the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index explain spatial and temporal variability in sap velocity in temperate forest ecosystems?
Authors: Hoek van Dijke Anne J. , Mallick Kaniska , Teuling Adriaan J. , Schlerf Martin , Machwitz Miriam , Hassler Sibylle K. , Blume Theresa , Herold Martin
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Understanding the link between vegetation characteristics and tree transpiration is a critical need
to facilitate satellite-based transpiration estimation. Many studies use the
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a proxy for tree biophysical
characteristics, to estimate evapotranspiration. In this study, we
investigated the link between sap velocity and 30 m resolution
Landsat-derived NDVI for 20 days during 2 contrasting precipitation years in
a temperate deciduous forest catchment. Sap velocity was measured in the
Attert catchment in Luxembourg in 25 plots of 20×20 m covering three
geologies with sensors installed in two to four trees per plot. The results
show that, spatially, sap velocity and NDVI were significantly positively
correlated in April, i.e. NDVI successfully captured the pattern of sap
velocity during the phase of green-up. After green-up, a significant negative
correlation was found during half of the studied days. During a dry period,
sap velocity was uncorrelated with NDVI but influenced by geology and aspect.
In summary, in our study area, the correlation between sap velocity and NDVI
was not constant, but varied with phenology and water availability. The same
behaviour was found for the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). This suggests
that methods using NDVI or EVI to predict small-scale variability in
(evapo)transpiration should be carefully applied, and that NDVI and EVI
cannot be used to scale sap velocity to stand-level transpiration in
temperate forest ecosystems.
Attenuation of sound in glacier ice from 2 to 35 kHz
Authors: Meyer Alexander , Eliseev Dmitry , Heinen Dirk , Linder Peter , Scholz Franziska , Weinstock Lars Steffen , Wiebusch Christopher , Zierke Simon
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The acoustic damping of sound waves in
natural glaciers is a largely unexplored physical property that has relevance
for various applications. We present measurements of the attenuation of sound
in ice with a dedicated measurement setup in situ on the Italian glacier
Langenferner from August 2017. The tested frequency ranges from 2 kHz to
35 kHz and probed distances between 5 m and 90 m. The attenuation length has been
determined by two different methods including detailed investigations of
systematic uncertainties. The attenuation length decreases with increasing
frequencies. Observed values range between 13 m for low frequencies and 5 m
for high frequencies. The presented results improve in accuracy with respect
to previous measurements. However, the observed attenuation is found to be
remarkably similar to observations at very different locations.
Contribution of calving to frontal ablation quantified from seismic and hydroacoustic observations calibrated with lidar volume measurements
Authors: Köhler Andreas , Pętlicki Michał , Lefeuvre Pierre-Marie , Buscaino Giuseppa , Nuth Christopher , Weidle Christian
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Frontal ablation contributes significantly to the mass balance of tidewater glaciers in Svalbard and can be recovered with high temporal resolution using continuous seismic records. Determination of the relative contribution of dynamic ice loss through calving to frontal ablation requires precise estimates of calving volumes at the same temporal resolution. We combine seismic and hydroacoustic observations close to the calving front of Kronebreen, a marine terminating glacier in Svalbard, with repeat lidar scanning of the glacier front. Simultaneous time-lapse photography is used to assign volumes measured from lidar scans to seismically detected calving events. Empirical models derived from signal properties such as integrated amplitude are able to replicate volumes of individual calving events and cumulative subaerial ice loss over different lidar scan intervals from seismic and hydroacoustic data alone. This enables quantification of the contribution of calving to frontal ablation, which we estimate for Kronebreen to be about 18–30 %, slightly below the subaerially exposed area of the glacier front. We further develop a model calibrated for the permanent seismic station KBS at about 15 km distance from the glacier front, where 15–60 % of calving events can be detected under variable noise conditions due to reduced signal amplitudes at distance. Between 2007 and 2017, we find a 5–30 % contribution of calving ice blocks to frontal ablation which emphasizes the importance of underwater melting (roughly 150–350 m a−1). This study shows the feasibility to seismically monitor not only frontal ablation rates but also its dynamic ice loss contribution continuously and at high temporal resolution.
Hurricane eyewall winds and structural response of wind turbines
Authors: Kapoor Amber , Ouakka Slimane , Arwade Sanjay R. , Lundquist Julie K. , Lackner Matthew A. , Myers Andrew T. , Worsnop Rochelle P. , Bryan George H.
Published: April 2019

Abstract. This paper describes the analysis of a wind turbine and support structure subject to simulated hurricane wind fields. The hurricane wind fields, which result from a Large Eddy Simulation of a hurricane, exhibit features such as very high gust factors (> 1.7), rapid direction changes (30° in 30 sec) and substantial veer. Wind fields including these features have not previously been used in an analysis of a wind turbine and their effect on structural loads may be an important driver of enhanced design considerations. With a focus on blade root loads and tower base loads, the simulations show that these features of hurricane wind fields can lead to loads that are substantially in excess of those that would be predicted were wind fields with equally high mean wind speeds but without associated direction change and veer used in the analysis. This result, if further verified for a range of hurricane and tropical storm simulations, should provide an impetus for revisiting design standards.
La diplomacia española y las comunidades sefardíes de Grecia durante el primer tercio del siglo XX
Authors: Morcillo Rosillo Matilde
Published: April 2019

El objeto de este trabajo es poner de manifiesto la labor desempeñada por los diplomáticos españoles en favor de las comunidades sefardíes de Grecia durante el primer tercio del siglo XX a través de la correspondencia diplomática. Un período justificado en sí mismo por cuanto coincide con el hundimiento del Imperio otomano y el traspaso de Salónica a Grecia al finalizar las guerras balcánicas en 1913, la Primera Guerra Mundial, la ocupación y derrota de Grecia en Asia Menor y la Primera República griega. En cuanto a las fuentes utilizadas, la correspondencia diplomática, al ser España neutral y carecer de intereses en la zona, ha sido fundamental para conocer de forma objetiva las dificultades de las comunidades sefardíes de Grecia durante esta época, aportando información muy interesante sobre ciertos hechos ocurridos en el país, casi desconocidos o nada tratados hasta ahora por los especialistas.
Memoria del Holocausto en Miami Beach
Authors: Wechsler Wanda
Published: April 2019

Durante los últimos veinte años del siglo XX proliferaron en Occidente la construcción de memoriales y museos dedicados a la memoria del Holocausto. El centro de esta producción estuvo en Estados Unidos, país receptor de una gran cantidad de sobrevivientes. En Miami, un grupo de ellos tomó la iniciativa a mediados de los años ochenta de crear un memorial dedicado a la memoria de los seis millones de judíos asesinados. ¿Qué objetivos se propuso y qué elementos utilizó?, ¿puede un memorial, además de informar y representar el horror, ser una herramienta para nuestro presente?, ¿qué elementos ofrece el memorial para pensar la construcción de una memoria sobre las víctimas? Estas y otras preguntas guiaron el presente trabajo que busca comprender los aportes de los espacios memoriales. Nuestras preguntas y reacciones ya no son frente al acontecimiento en sí, que queda lejano en el tiempo, sino más bien lo que hacemos ante el medio, en este caso el memorial, que nos lo transmite.
Biblioteca Nacional y custodia del patrimonio
Authors: Argueta Manlio
Published: April 2019

A dos años de cumplir un siglo y medio en su función de proteger, conservar y promover el patrimonio bibliográfico de El Salvador, la Biblioteca Nacional se ha convertido en la rectora silenciosa de los lineamientos que deben seguir las pocas bibliotecas públicas que existen en el país. Es una tarea que por años ha pasado inadvertida por políticos y sociedad en general, a sabiendas de la importancia que juega este recurso intelectual para la identidad cultural de los pueblos y el conocimiento para el desarrollo humano. Conocer el interior de la biblioteca más importante del país, permite hallar una riqueza bibliográfica en historia nacional la cual compite, con desventaja, con la era digital y las nuevas tecnologías.
Los cumpas de la cordillera San Lucas Cuisnahúat y San Cristóbal de Jayaque
Authors: Martínez Julio
Published: April 2019

Una inundación da sentido a la tradición de los cumpas, el hermanamiento de los pueblos incluye a los santos y la comunidad y sirvió originalmente para alojar a quienes habían sufrido del desborde del río. Es la excusa perfecta para efectuar la introducción de un elemento religioso, los santos se convierten en compadres de tal forma que tienen el compromiso de visitarse mutuamente cada año para mantener la tradición.Cabe preguntarse si el sincretismo que se adopta en el ritual tradicional es el resultado de que la tradición de visitarse entre los comunitarios de los pueblos indígenas viene desde muchos antes de la llegada de la evangelización por parte de los españoles. En el recorrido a lo largo del camino entre San Lucas y San Cristóbal, que culmina con la topa de los cumpas hay caminata, intercambio de regalos, fraternización, baile, chicha y chaparro. Después de algunos meses, inicia el camino de vuelta.El encuentro sirve además para bailar, entretenerse y beber. La iglesia institucional prefiere asumir que no le interesa la fiesta popular, solo el acto solemne.
El retrato de Dorian Grey : o el tránsito de la idealidad a la realidad
Authors: Fúnez Rubén , Caravantes Vanesa
Published: April 2019

No pretendemos, ni por cerca, hacer creer que nuestra lectura de la novela de Oscar Wilde, El retrato de Dorian Grey, sea definitiva, ni para nosotros, ni para ningún otro lector. Lo único que buscamos es, provisionalmente, exponer, lo que pensamos que es hasta este momento una de sus posibles lecturas, sospechando, incluso, que, en el futuro, nosotros mismos podamos tener una interpretación diversa a la que en este momento estamos exponiendo. No obstante, si buscamos, con nuestra lectura, interesar a hipotéticos lectores para que se comprometan con una lectura seria y apacible de tan hermosa novela.El procedimiento que hemos seguido es presentar una imagen de cada uno de los personajes de la novela; comenzamos, con Lord Harry, centrándonos en la visión hedonista que tiene este personaje de la vida. Continuamos exponiendo a Basilio, fijando la atención en el descubrimiento que hace del punto de bóveda de su arte, cuando encuentra a Dorian Grey, en tercer lugar, describimos a Sibila Vane, interesándonos en exponer el tránsito de lo que aquí llamamos idealidad de la realidad a la realidad verdadera. Y, Finalmente, describimos a Dorian Grey.
n. 11 - REFERENTES POLÍTICO-NORMATIVOS DE CUMPRIMENTO DOS ARTIGOS 26-A E 79-B DA LEI DE DIRETRIZES E BASES: UMA PAUTA PARA A IGUALDADE RACIAL NAS ESCOLAS
Authors: De Assis Liliana Cotinho , Dias Lucimar Rosa
Published: April 2019

Resumo: O presente artigo trata de resultados oriundos de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo a constituição de referentes político-normativos para acompanhamento e avaliação da efetivação do previsto na LDB (arts. 26-A e 79-B). A organização destes referentes teve três fases: a primeira consistiu na seleção de normativas legais que regem a educação antirracista, a saber: Constituição Federal de 1988, Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (Leis 10.639 de 2003 e 11.645 de 2008), Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, Parecer n.04 de 2004 do Conselho Nacional de Educação - CNE e a Resolução n. 01 de 2004/CNE. Na segunda fase ocorreu a sistematização das orientações legais em padrões atitudinais institucionais que estamos chamando de referentes e a terceira fase foi experimentação destes referentes em escolas do município de Curitiba a fim de testar sua aplicabilidade no acompanhamento de uma educação antirracista. Ao analisar os dados obtidos foi possível estabelecer padrões para as escolas em relação ao seu nível de efetivação das normativas antirracistas. Com isso conclui-se que os referentes políticos-normativos podem ser utilizados como um importante instrumento de avaliação de implementação das normativas antirracistas pelas próprias escolas, pelo Ministério Público e Movimento Negro, ou seja, pelos diferentes atores sociais que devem acompanhar, exigir e ou fiscalizar o cumprimento da legislação brasileiras que prevê uma educação para igualdade racial.Palavras-chave: Artigos 26-A – Lei 10.639/03 –Educação Antirracista – Referentes Normativos – Indicadores
n. 13 - TRAJETÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA NO BRASIL: POLÍTICAS, PROGRAMAS E AÇÕES NOS ÚLTIMOS 40 ANOS
Authors: Cruz Joseany Rodrigues , Lima Daniela Da Costa Britto Pereira
Published: April 2019

Este artigo apresenta considerações acerca da trajetória da Educação a Distância (EaD) no âmbito das políticas públicas, programas e ações voltados à educação brasileira nos últimos 40 anos. Dessa maneira, discute-se a evolução histórica da modalidade e suas implicações para a democratização da educação no Brasil, de maneira cronológica, a partir da observação de legislações e publicações sobre a temática. O objetivo central do texto é apresentar as principais iniciativas que viabilizaram a Educação a Distância brasileira, bem como sua situação atual. Para o processo investigativo, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental em torno da evolução da EaD entre os anos de 1978 e 2018, com ênfase em marcos considerados essenciais no processo, como a publicação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (LDB) nº 9394 de 1996, do Decreto nº 5.622 de 2005 e do Decreto nº 9.057 de 2017, dentre outros documentos, que influenciaram sobremaneira a configuração atual da Educação a Distância. Como conclusão, percebeu-se que, apesar de muitos avanços, há entraves que dificultam a sua institucionalização, sobretudo quanto à regulamentação, qualidade e controle por parte do Estado.
Gold ± Copper Endowment and Deposit Diversity in the Western Tethyan Magmatic Belt, Southeast Europe: Implications for Exploration
Authors: Baker T.
Published: April 2019

Major Au and Cu deposits in the Western Tethyan magmatic belt formed during two main periods of Cretaceous and Cenozoic magmatism. The Cretaceous deposits are dominantly Cu-Au porphyry, high-sulfidation epithermal, and volcanic massive sulfide deposits, whereas in the Cenozoic Cu is significant only in porphyry systems. However, the Cenozoic contains approximately three times greater total Au endowment (for Au deposits >0.5 million ounces), and also has a greater deposit diversity, including porphyry Au-Cu and Au-only deposits, high-, intermediate-, and low-sulfidation epithermal Au systems, and Au-rich carbonate replacement and sediment-hosted styles. The differences in endowment and deposit styles likely reflect regional-scale tectono-magmatic processes as well as local preservation and emplacement levels. The Cu ± Au endowment of the Cretaceous is consistent with typical subduction-related arc environments and generation of calc-alkaline porphyry to high-sulfidation epithermal systems, whereas Au enrichment related to Cenozoic magmatism appears to be related to high-K calc-alkalic to shoshonitic compositions. In many of the Au-rich Cenozoic magmatic belts, there is geochemical evidence for sourcing subcontinental lithospheric mantle that was previously enriched by Cretaceous subduction-related metasomatism. Additional differences in Au endowment may reflect the preservation of shallow-level systems in the Cenozoic, particularly for the Au-rich Miocene porphyry deposits such as Kışladağ and Bierly Vrch and the Apuseni porphyry Au-Cu deposits. However, in both the Cretaceous and Cenozoic, crustal exposure levels vary across the belt and cannot explain all the differences in Cu and Au endowment.

A compilation of exploration discovery methods highlights the importance of historic workings in addition to geochemistry and geology as an initial vector, whereas geophysics has had limited involvement in direct discovery, primarily due to its limited application historically. Geologic models for well-understood systems such as porphyry and proximal epithermal systems provide excellent guides for explorers; however, more distal deposits such as Au-rich carbonate replacement deposits and deposits with poorly constrained models such as sedimentary rock-hosted and intermediate-sulfidation deposits are more challenging for exploration.
Mobile Individualism: The Subjectivity of EU Citizenship
Authors: Skrbic Aristel
Published: April 2019

Mobile Individualism: The Subjectivity of EU Citizenship

The central aim of this article is to analyse the manner in which the legal structure of EU citizenship subjectifies Union citizens. I begin by explicating Alexander Somek’s account of individualism as a concept which captures EU citizenship and propose to update his analysis by coining the notion of mobile individualism. By looking at a range of CJEU’s case law on EU citizenship through the lens of the purely internal rule and the transnational character of EU citizenship, I suggest that movement sits at the core of EU citizenship. In order to adequately capture this unique structure of citizenship, we need a concept of individualism which takes movement rather than depoliticisation as its central object of analysis. I propose that the notion of mobile individualism can best capture the subjectivity of a model EU citizen, a citizen who is a-political due to being mobile.
Europe Kidnapped
Authors: La Torre Massimo
Published: April 2019

Europe Kidnapped: Spanish Voices on Citizenship and Exile

Exile and migration are once more central issues in the contemporary European predicament. This short article intends to discuss these questions elaborating on the ideas of two Spanish authors, a novelist, Max Aub, and a philosopher, María Zambrano, both marked by the tragic events of civil war and forced expatriation. Exile and migration in their existential perspective are meant as a prologue to the vindication of citizenship.
Creating Article-Level Discovery of Print-Only Foreign Language Journals: A Case Study of SALToC’s Distributed Approach
Authors: Magier Aruna P.
Published: April 2019

Foreign language journals are important components of interdisciplinary area studies collections at research libraries. In the US, although these are low-use materials almost by definition, they are indispensable for many types of research. Coordinated collection development among key libraries with shared interests in these materials is often the best way of broadening the collective collection, strategically reducing duplication to free up resources for broader acquisitions while relying on collection sharing infrastructures to implement shared access to the journals.
Resource Description and Access Adoption and Implementation in Public Libraries in the United States
Authors: Panchyshyn Roman S. , Lambert Frank P. , McCutcheon Sevim
Published: April 2019

This study surveyed the current state of knowledge about, and application or use of, Resource Description and Access (RDA) among American public library catalogers. In 2017, an online survey request was e-mailed to four thousand libraries for the person or persons most responsible for cataloging to complete the questionnaire. More than three hundred libraries responded. The data expose serious concerns with RDA adoption within the public library sector. While a majority of catalogers know about RDA, their working knowledge about it differs substantially depending on whether they work in rural or urban library settings. Regardless, 22 percent of respondants still had not heard of the RDA standard until completing this survey. While further training and educational opportunities (along with funds) for catalogers nationwide would help minimize this disparity, LIS schools also can play a role by educating more thoroughly the next generations of catalogers in this newer descriptive standard. Coming on the brink of a shift in the theoretical framework of the RDA standard, from the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) model to the IFLA Library Reference Model (LRM), public library catalogers risk falling even farther behind in their knowledge and competency with the RDA standard.
E-book Use over Time and across Vendors in an Interdisciplinary Field
Authors: Tracy Daniel G.
Published: April 2019

This paper presents an analysis of e-book usage in one interdisciplinary research collection, for library and information science (LIS), at a large research institution. Drawing from the social sciences, humanities, and computer science, LIS exemplifies the challenge of analyzing use of interdisciplinary collections that cut across Library of Congress (LC) class ranges normally used to analyze disciplinary differences in the existing literature. The analysis also explores use factors beyond LC class that usage studies rarely examine, including genre and audience level, and changes in use over time across categories. This study contributes both to understanding the usage of LIS e-books as an exemplary interdisciplinary collection and to developing options for analyses of e-book collections that maximize the utility of usage reports despite their challenges. As e-book collections mature and the utility of comparing used versus unused titles wanes, such strategies will become necessary to make more nuanced decisions for e-book collections.
Frozen empires
Authors: Júnior Hermes Andrade
Published: April 2019

Desde o início do século XX, Argentina, Grã-Bretanha e Chile fizeram reivindicações de soberania sobrepostas, enquanto os Estados Unidos e a Rússia reservaram direitos para todo o continente. O meio ambiente tem estado no centro dessas disputas pela soberania, colocando a Península Antártica em uma fascinante interseção entre a história diplomática e a história ambiental. Tem havido uma continuidade fundamental nos modos pelos quais as potências imperiais usaram o ambiente para apoiar suas reivindicações políticas na região da Península Antártica. Autoridades britânicas argumentaram que a produção de conhecimento científico útil sobre a Antártica ajudou a justificar a posse britânica. A Argentina e o Chile argumentaram que a Península Antártica pertencia a eles como resultado da proximidade geográfica, da continuidade geológica e de um senso geral de conexão. Apesar de vários desafios e reivindicações, no entanto, nunca houve uma genuína descolonização da região da Península Antártica. O livro sugere que a ciência, a política e o meio ambiente foram inextricavelmente conectados ao longo da história da região da Península Antártica - e permanecem assim - e mostra como o prestígio político sob o disfarce de conduzir "ciência pelo bem da humanidade" continua a influenciar negociações climáticas internacionais.
Uma história oral narrada por vozes femininas na luta contra as hierarquias de gênero
Authors: Mousinho Amanda Arrais
Published: April 2019

A presente resenha disserta sobre “História oral e história das mulheres: Rompendo silenciamentos”, um livro composto por estudos baseados nas vidas de mulheres de diferentes origens territoriais, sociais, culturais e políticas e suas relações com os homens com o propósito de refletir sobre essas experiências femininas diante das mais diversas práticas culturais que perpassam o cotidiano. Segundo a organizadora da obra, Marta Gouveia de Oliveira Rovai, essas mulheres detêm a possibilidade de se manifestar, por intermédio da história oral, contra toda forma de opressão, indiferença e esquecimento com o propósito de publicizar e enfrentar dores na luta contra o silenciamento.
Biopolítica como categoria analítica dos eventos políticos contemporâneos: nas trilhas de Esposito e Nietzsche
Authors: Fonseca Angela Couto Machado , Meireles Ildenilson
Published: April 2019

A discussão aqui proposta parte da leitura da biopolítica como marcador conceitual capaz de pensar de forma mais adequada as expressões da política contemporânea. A partir dessa localização, passamos à exposição do Paradigma Imunitário pensado por Roberto Esposito como dispositivo conceitual central da biopolítica. Ao fazer uso de uma metodologia analítica pretendemos colocar os conteúdos da noção de communitas e immunitas, para compreender os motivos que levam Roberto Esposito a afirmar que essa relação responde pelo próprio ciclo da biopolítica e justifica sua tomada protetiva ou letal da vida e os mecanismos de hierarquização de formas de vida. Após analisar os sentidos de comunidade, imunidade e biopolítica, passamos a investigar o que leva Esposito a entender que Nietzsche teria sido o autor que melhor compreendeu a lógica imunitária da modernidade. O presente trabalho tem a intenção de mostrar que o pensamento de Esposito e sua interpretação de Nietzsche, colocam várias das questões hoje em pauta. As tomadas da vida pelo poder, os critérios de seleção e exclusão de certas formas de vida e a disputa sobre a legislação do que vem a ser o humano cuja vida vale viver. Todas essas questões são aqui retomadas como presentes em Esposito e existentes de modo subjacente em Nietzsche.Palavras-chave: Paradigma Imunitário. Biopolítica. Vida. Poder.
Reconstruction of esophageal stenosis that had persisted for 40 years using a free jejunal patch graft with virtual endoscopy assistance
Authors: Fujisawa Daisuke , Asato Hirotaka , Tanaka Katsunori , Itokazu Tetsuo , Kojya Shizuo
Published: April 2019

In this report, we present a case in which good results were achieved by treatment using a free jejunal patch graft with virtual endoscopy (VE) assistance in a patient whose swallowing had failed to improve for 40 years after he mistakenly swallowed sulfuric acid, despite pectoralis major myocutaneous flap grafting and frequent balloon dilatation surgery. During the last 20 years, virtual computed tomography imaging has improved remarkably and continues to be used to address new challenges. For reconstructive surgeons, the greatest advantage of VE is that it is a noninvasive modality capable of visualizing areas inaccessible to a flexible endoscope. Using VE findings, we were able to visualize the 3-dimensional shape beyond the stenosis. VE can also help predict the area of the defect after contracture release.
Site-selection bias can drive apparent population declines in long-term studies
Authors: Fournier Auriel M.V. , White Easton R. , Heard Stephen B.
Published: April 2019

Detecting population declines is a critical task for conservation biology. The spatiotemporal variability of populations, along with logistical difficulties in population estimation, makes this task difficult. Here we call attention to a possible bias in estimates of population decline: when study sites are chosen based on abundance of the focal species, for statistical reasons apparent declines are likely even without an underlying population trend. This “site-selection bias” has been mentioned in the literature but is not well known. We show using simulated and real population data that when site-selection biases are introduced, they have substantial impact on inferences about population trends. We use a left-censoring method to show patterns consistent with the operation of the site-selection bias in real population studies. The site-selection bias is, thus, an important consideration for conservation biologists, and we offer suggestions for minimizing or mitigating it in study design and analysis.