bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Creatine Combat the Mental Fatigue–associated Decrease in Visuomotor Skills?
Authors: VAN CUTSEM JEROEN , ROELANDS BART , PLUYM BERT , TASSIGNON BRUNO , VERSCHUEREN JO , DE PAUW KEVIN , MEEUSEN ROMAIN
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The importance of the brain in sports was recently confirmed by the negative effect of mental fatigue (MF) on sport-specific psychomotor skills. Creatine supplementation improves strength but can also improve cognitive functioning. To explore the role of creatine in combating MF, we evaluated whether creatine supplementation counteracts the MF-associated impairment in sport-specific psychomotor skills.

Methods

In 23°C, 14 healthy participants (4 females, 10 males; mean ± SD, age = 24 ± 3 yr, mass = 74 ± 13 kg, height = 179 ± 9 cm) performed a 90-min mentally fatiguing task (counterbalanced, crossover, and double-blinded; i.e., Stroop task) in two different conditions: after a 7-d creatine supplementation (CR; 20 g·d−1) and after a 7-d calcium lactate supplementation (placebo [PLAC]), separated by a 5-wk washout. In both conditions, a 7-min sport-specific visuomotor task, a dynamic handgrip strength endurance task, and a 3-min Flanker task was performed before and after the mentally fatiguing task. Physiological and perceptual responses were measured throughout the protocol.

Results

Handgrip strength endurance was higher in CR compared with PLAC (P = 0.022). MF impaired visuomotor response time (+4.4%; P = 0.022) and Flanker accuracy (−5.0%; P = 0.009) in both conditions. Accuracy on the Stroop task was higher in CR compared with PLAC (+4.9%; P = 0.026). Within the perceptual and physiological parameters, only motivation and vigor (P ≤ 0.027) were lower in CR compared with PLAC.

Conclusion

Creatine supplementation improved physical (strength endurance) and prolonged cognitive (Stroop accuracy) performance, yet it did not combat MF-induced impairments in short sport-specific psychomotor or cognitive (Flanker) performance. These results warrant further investigation in the potential role of creatine in combating the MF-associated decrements in prolonged (e.g., 90-min soccer game) sport performance and suggest a role of brain phosphocreatine in MF.
Inflammation in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Authors: Shah Prediman K. , Lecis Dalgisio
Published: August 2019

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and morbidity globally. Over the past several years, arterial inflammation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of athero-thrombosis, substantially confirming what pathologist Rudolf Virchow had observed in the 19th century. Lipid lowering, lifestyle changes, and modification of other risk factors have reduced cardiovascular complications of athero-thrombosis, but a substantial residual risk remains. In view of the pathogenic role of inflammation in athero-thrombosis, directly targeting inflammation has emerged as an additional potential therapeutic option; and some early promising results have been suggested by the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS), in which canakinumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic cytokine interleukin 1 beta, was shown to reduce cardiovascular events.
Objectivation of the Concept “Woman” in Russian Paremiology
Authors: Маскенова Г. , Maskenova G. , Ратушная Е. , Ratushnaya E.
Published: August 2019

The article describes the features of the objectification of the concept of “woman” on the material of Russian proverbs and sayings, reflecting the traditional attitude of Russian culture towards a woman, comprehension of her role in the family and society. The words-verbalizers of this concept in the modern Russian language are highlighted, their semantic and etymological analysis is carried out on the material of various dictionaries. As the analysis showed, the concept of “woman” in Russian paremiology is objectified with the help of numerous proverbs and sayings that reflect different aspects of this concept. 10 microconcepts have been identified that represent a complex and multidimensional image of a woman in Russian linguistic culture: “a woman is a mother”; “Mother — Motherland”; “Woman — intellect”; “Woman — talkativeness, deceit, cunning, unpredictability”; “Woman — resolution, endurance”; “Woman — wife”; “The maiden (girl) — the bride”; “daughter”; “sister”; “Grandmother is the keeper of traditions”; “stepmother”.
Professional Foreign Language Training of Adjuncts in the Military Higher School: Developing Research Discourse
Authors: Костикова Л. , Kostikova L. , Чернявская Е. , Chernyavskaya E. , Балаховская Ю. , Balahovskaya Yu.
Published: August 2019

The article dwells upon professional foreign language training of adjuncts in the military higher school. From the perspective of subjective activity methodological approach, the authors show the main directions and technologies of developing research discourse, among them: analytical work and structuring information on the problem of research, presentation of the research at a scientific conference, writing articles in English to present one’s research in international databases.
Role Play as an Element of Early Language Professionalization
Authors: Павлова А. , Pavlova A.
Published: August 2019

Role-playing games develop the ability to organize and implement educational and cognitive activities in the field of vocational education. The article defines the role-playing game, its scenario features, methodical orientation. It also reveals its difference from business games. The author provides a description and analysis of several role-playing games that can be carried out at an early stage of language learning for the purpose of language professionalization. The selection of material for games involves both lexical units necessary for linguo-cultural communication, and grammatical rules that can help the development of a given topic. To analyze the results, the author uses data from a survey conducted among students who participated in the game. On the basis of these data, the charts demonstrating the readiness of students to work with Italian partners and in a multicultural environment are constructed. The carts show an increase of students’ confidence in their business communication skills with foreign partners. Knowledge of professional discourse and the ability to deal with it relieves stress, contributes to personal development. At the end of the article the author concludes that the use of a role-playing game as a productive modern technology for training international economists in a foreign language at an early stage contributes to the development of professional competencies.
Os acromiale: a review of its incidence, pathophysiology, and clinical management
Authors: Hurst Simon A. , Gregory Thomas M. , Reilly Peter
Published: August 2019

An os acromiale occurs when any of the primary ossification centres of the acromion fail to fuse with the basi-acromion. It is present in approximately 8% of individuals, and whilst the majority of these individuals are unaffected it can cause significant pain and disability. It can impact seemingly unrelated surgical intervention in the region such as subacromial decompression and reverse shoulder arthroplasty. A painful os acromiale can be both a diagnostic challenge, and difficult to manage. There remain a wide variety of surgical practices with variable outcomes achieved. We present an evidence-based discussion of the surgical techniques described to date in the literature, alongside a comprehensive review of the incidence and pathophysiology of os acromiale. This review was written after a comprehensive analysis of the literature to date relating to os acromiale. Particular focus was given to material examining surgical management techniques, and the condition’s incidence across different population groups. Open reduction and internal fixation using cannulated screws, or tension band wiring have superior outcomes in the literature in the treatment of symptomatic os acromiale. There may be a biomechanical advantage of combining the two techniques. Preservation of large anterior deltoid attachment is necessary, with consideration being given to the local blood supply. There is likely no additional benefit from iliac crest vs local bone grafting. Research in this area remains of a low evidence level with small samples sizes. Appropriately powered clinical research of a higher-level evidence methodology is needed in order to differentiate further in the choice of surgical intervention.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:525-532. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180100
Poor diagnostic values of stool analysis and steatocrit test in detecting exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Authors: Widodo Ariani Dewi , Timan Ina Susianti , Bardosono Saptawati , Siagian Minarma , Winarta Widdy , Prasetyo Dwi , Firmansyah Agus
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is one of the most challenging cases to be diagnosed accurately in Indonesia because of the unavailability of the fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) test, which is the primary indirect diagnostic tool till date. Stool analysis and steatocrit test are feasible alternatives as they can detect nutrient malabsorption, a consistent feature in EPI. Despite the common practice of using both tests, no study has ever been conducted in Indonesia to evaluate their accuracy.

METHODS This cross-sectional diagnostic study was conducted in 182 children aged 6–60 months. Study subjects were divided into children with persistent diarrhea (PD), those with malnutrition, and healthy children. Children with PD and malnutrition were selected on the basis of clinical criteria and the WHO z-score. FE-1 test was used as the gold standard to detect EPI. Primary endpoints of this study were sensitivity and specificity of the stool analysis and the steatocrit test. The accuracy of both tests, represented by area under the curve (AUC) values, was also evaluated individually and in combination.

RESULTS Each component of stool analysis and steatocrit test in each subgroup of patients generally had higher specificity than sensitivity. The specificity of both tests among healthy and malnourished children was good (≥70%), but among children with PD, the specificity of some components was <70%. The individual and combined AUC values of both tests in each subgroup of subjects were poor (<0.7).

CONCLUSIONS Stool analysis and steatocrit test cannot be used as alternative methods for FE-1 to detect EPI.
Risk factor mapping and case map of environmentally based disease in Yogyakarta
Authors: Adnani Hariza , Subiyanto Achmad Arman , Hanim Diffah , Sulaeman Endang Sutisna
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND A geographic information system (GIS) is required to guide interventions into prevent ARI and reduce the incidence of cases. The purpose of this study is to find out whether there is spatial autocorrelation in the spread of ARI; to obtain spatial information about the ARI risk factors, the ARI case map, and the factors related to the occurrence of ARI. METHODS This study is a quantitative research study with case-control study design.The sampling technique was purposive sampling. Spatial analysis techniques used were buffers and spatial clustering. The measurement of spatial autocorrelation was calculated by Moran’s Index method. RESULTS The risk factors for ARI based on the history of ARI disease were cough and cold in the last one year, and cough and cold lasting more than two weeks (OR = 15.691; 95% CI = 6.558–37.546 and OR = 6.645; 95% CI = 3.013–14.652). The risk factors for ARI based on the house physical environment were the room density, existence of glass windows on the house roof, electricity as a light source, presence of family members who smoke, and proximity to pollution exposure and waste disposal. Moran's Index value shows positive spatial autocorrelation. CONCLUSIONS GIS produces ARI distribution patterns. Based on the results of the cluster, the incidence of ARI cases in this region are interrelated or one case with another case is closely related, due to its close position.
PORTAL CATARINAS: ESTUDO DE CASO DE JORNALISMO DE NOVO TIPO
Authors: Peixoto Clarissa Do Nascimento
Published: August 2019

A partir do conceito de jornalismo de novo tipo, que leva em conta experiências editoriais interessadas em alternativas de produção e circulação de conteúdo jornalístico desvinculadas de grupos hegemônicos, esta pesquisa é um estudo de caso do Portal de Notícias Catarinas, veículo que atua no jornalismo com perspectiva de gênero e dos direitos humanos das mulheres. Foram utilizados como procedimentos metodológicos a observação participante; entrevistas com editoras, redatoras, colunistas e conselheiras editoriais; análise de conteúdo do blog Somos Muitas - utilizado durante a campanha de crowdfunding do veículo - e do Portal Catarinas. Busca-se refletir sobre potencialidades e limites da experiência, considerando produção de conteúdo; periodicidade; interação com o público e formas de financiamento.
#DeleteFacebook: Estudo de caso sobre a dinâmica do uso da hashtag no Twitter
Authors: Alcantara Juliana
Published: August 2019

O trabalho analisa a dinâmica da hashtag #DeleteFacebook no Twitter, que alcançou o ranking dos tópicos mais comentados em março de 2018. A etiqueta online surgiu em meio à polémica sobre proteção de dados, quando houve midiatização sobre vazamento de informações envolvendo a empresa de marketing político Cambridge Analytica. O objetivo do estudo é encontrar as principais causas para o desempenho da etiqueta online. A abordagem metodológica é quantitativa e privilegia o método hipotético-indutivo. Consideram-se as possibilidades de que ou influenciadores digitais, ou a mídia tradicional, ou o movimento social tenha sido responsável por condicionar a opinião pública. Os resultados mostram que poucas postagens foram suficientes para um alto alcance da hashtag. A mensagem de maior engajamento é do criador do Whatsapp, Brian Acton, que sensibilizou as audiências ao mesmo tempo que perfis oficias da imprensa norte-americana endossaram o afastamento dos usuários do Facebook.
Studi Komparasi Kurikulum Bahasa Arab Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan dan Kurikulum 2013 Satuan Pendidikan dan Kurikulum 2013
Authors: Aini Nurul
Published: August 2019

This paper aims to find out the similarities and differences contained in the KTSP and the 2013 curriculum Arabic subjects Madrasah Aliyah from the aspect of goals, materials, and methods. As well as knowing the advantages and disadvantages of both curriculum. Types of research this is library research with a qualitative approach. Analysis of the data uses content analysis. Based on analysis concluded that in the KTSP and the 2013 Arabic Curriculum for Madrasah Aliyah, it has many similarities in aspects of purpose, material or method. It's just that the 2013 curriculum tries to complement its deficiencies in KTSP as in the subject matter, the 2013 curriculum is more detailed in describing the scope of the material in the form of KI and KD, besides that the 2013 curriculum does not only emphasize cognitive aspects only, but cognitive, psychomotor and affective aspects balanced and integrated into all subjects. Addition to that, if in the KTSP the learning approach used varies, then the 2013 curriculum uses a scientific approach.
Instalação do APM IV passo a passo
Authors: Bastos Marden
Published: August 2019

"O tratamento da Classe II por meio de compensação dentária usando propulsores mandibulares tem amplo respaldo na literatura. O Aparelho de Protração Mandibular (APM) foi desenvolvido pelo Dr. Carlos Martins Coelho Filho e é uma alternativa eficiente e econômica que pode ser construída pelo próprio ortodontista. Nesse artigo, descreveremos, passo a passo, uma forma de instalação do APM IV [...]"
O registro de oclusão na era digital
Authors: André Cristiane B.
Published: August 2019

"Na Ortodontia convencional, a manipulação de lâminas de cera para obtenção do registro oclusal em desoclusão e, em algumas situações, com avanço mandibular, é algo bastante corriqueiro. Na Ortodontia digital, os scanners intrabucais nos possibilitam realizar a aquisição das imagens com a desoclusão e, até mesmo, com avanço mandibular, mas a grande dificuldade é transferir essa aquisição virtual para um articulador convencional, com alta precisão. Para isso, foi necessário desenvolver uma técnica que consiga reproduzir a exata oclusão que o cirurgião-dentista estipulou, sem a necessidade de utilizar os articuladores virtuais, pois eles ainda não têm a precisão para esse tipo de procedimento." [...]
Paciente surdo em tratamento ortodôntico: uma forma alternativa de comunicação
Authors: Fleury Maysa Silva , Brilhante Vitória Oliveira Magalhães , Felter Matheus , Lenza Marcos Augusto , Lenza Milena Moraes de Oliveira
Published: August 2019

Introdução: a surdez é uma patologia que diminui a acuidade e percepção da audição, sendo que a população surda necessita de atendimento em saúde não somente ligado à sua condição. Nesse contexto, a comunicação é de suma importância e viabiliza a excelência do cuidar em saúde geral e, também, bucal. Dessa forma, torna-se imprescindível que o ortodontista faça uso de recursos que tornem a comunicação mais eficaz, sem ferir a autonomia do paciente. Objetivo: o presente relato de caso teve o objetivo de apresentar um recurso digital, denominado OrtoLibras, desenvolvido para otimizar a comunicação com uma paciente surda atendida em um curso de especialização na cidade de Goiânia/GO. Conclusão: o OrtoLibras facilitou de modo significativo o atendimento dessa paciente, tornando possível uma melhor comunicação entre ela e a equipe odontológica.
Retratamento de má oclusão de Classe II com biprotrusão e mordida aberta anterior, com auxílio de mini-implantes ortodônticos associados a Sliding Jig: relato de caso
Authors: Pithon Matheus Melo
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do presente artigo foi relatar o caso clínico de uma paciente com má oclusão de Classe II de Angle, com discrepância dentária negativa acentuada, projeção dos dentes anteriores superiores e inferiores, e mordida aberta anterior. A paciente tinha sido submetida previamente a tratamento ortodôntico sem extração, no qual se projetou demasiadamente os dentes, levando a uma abertura da mordida. O presente tratamento consistiu na exodontia dos primeiros pré-molares, seguida da retração apoiada em mini-implantes ortodônticos. Uma vez retraídos os dentes, seguiu-se com a distalização dos dentes superiores apoiada nos mini- -implantes. Os resultados obtidos ao fim do tratamento foram: boa oclusão dentária, com guias de desoclusão e melhora no perfil e nos contornos faciais.
Differential geometry of Hilbert schemes of curves in a projective space
Authors: Bielawski Roger , Peternell Carolin
Published: August 2019

We describe the natural geometry of Hilbert schemes of curves in ℙ3and, in some cases, in ℙn, n ≥ 4.
Phonological constraints on morphology: Evidence from Old English nominal inflection
Authors: Adamczyk Elżbieta , Versloot Arjen P.
Published: August 2019

Studying the complex interaction between phonological and morphological developments involved in the extensive reorganisation of nominal inflection in early English, we focus, primarily, on new inflectional endings that emerged by analogy in etymologically suffix-less paradigm forms ofr-stems and root nouns. We argue that the analogical changes were essentially reactive to phonological developments, and to a large extent predictable in statistical terms. Investigating correlations in corpus data, we identify the factors that affected the probability that new analogical endings were adopted. The predictors of the directions of analogical change that we show to be robust include the syllable structure of the root, the salience of inherited and analogical inflectional markers, as well as their absolute and relative frequencies.
Alterations in rat adipose tissue transcriptome and proteome in response to prolonged fasting
Authors: Ibrahim Marianne , Ayoub Daniel , Wasselin Thierry , Van Dorsselaer Alain , Le Maho Yvon , Raclot Thierry , Bertile Fabrice
Published: August 2019

Various pathophysiological situations of negative energy balance involve the intense depletion of the body’s energy reserves. White adipose tissue is a central place to store energy and a major endocrine organ. As a model of choice to better understand how the white adipose tissue dynamically responds to changes in substrate availability, we used the prolonged fasting paradigm, which is characterized by successive periods of stimulated (phase 2) and then reduced (phase 3) lipid mobilization/utilization. Using omics analyses, we report a regulatory transcriptional program in rat epididymal (EPI) adipose tissue favoring lipolysis during phase 2 and repressing it during phase 3. Changes in gene expression levels of lipases, lipid droplet-associated factors, and the proteins involved in cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent regulation of lipolysis are highlighted. The mRNA and circulating levels of adipose-secreted factors were consistent with the repression of insulin signaling during prolonged fasting. Other molecular responses are discussed, including the regulation of leptin and adiponectin levels, the specific changes reflecting an increased fibrinolysis and a possible protein catabolism-related energy saving mechanism in late fasting. Finally, some differences between internal and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissues are also reported. These data provide a comprehensive molecular basis of adipose tissue responses when facing a major energetic challenge.
Necessity for redesigning premarital counseling classes based on marriage readiness from the perspective of adolescents and specialists: a need assessment based on the Bourich model and quadrant analysis
Authors: Satari Elahe , Akbari Kamrani Mahnaz , Farid Maliheh
Published: August 2019

Background and aim

The marriage readiness is a new concept that helps adolescents learn how to choose the right choices and have a better marital life. The present study aims to assess needs of the training priorities of marriage readiness using Bourich model and quadrant analysis.

Methods

The present study was a descriptive study. The research sample consisted of 400 students who participated in this study by random and convenience sampling from the three selected universities in the province of Alborz and 28 specialist and counselors in the sphere of marriage. The questionnaire of marriage readiness with 68 items has been provided in three areas including individual, interpersonal and contextual skills.

Results

The average age of student was 21.05 years. In the individual field, 20 training needs had priority scores more than 4 and the highest priority for youth in this area was “Lack of sexual inappropriate behaviors and habits and lack of disabling diseases.” In the area of interpersonal skills, the highest priority is related to “participation in pre-marital training, the ability to regulate the cost of living and the parenting ability “. In the field of contextual skills, 10 issues of training scored the priority scores of more than 4, and the highest priority was given to “having a vehicle, having sufficient income and financial independence.”

Conclusions

Based on the quadrant analysis model, the views of students and marriage counselors are not aligned and experts do not have the right viewpoints about the youth needs.
Back to the future: the proper name for red-backed voles is Clethrionomys Tilesius and not Myodes Pallas
Authors: Kryštufek Boris , Tesakov Alexey S. , Lebedev Vladimir S. , Bannikova Anna A. , Abramson Nataliya I. , Shenbrot Georgy
Published: August 2019

Two names (Clethrionomys and Myodes) are used interchangeably for red-backed voles, which is contrary to one of the fundamental principles of zoological nomenclature, that each taxon has a single and unique valid name. Fixation of Mus lemmus Linnaeus, 1758, as the type of Myodes Pallas, 1811, meets the requirements stipulated in the Article 69.1.1 of the 4th edition of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, and is therefore valid. Hence, the genus group name Myodes is a junior synonym of Lemmus Link, 1795, and is not available for red-backed voles. The oldest valid name for red-backed voles is Clethrionomys Tilesius, 1850, with the type species (Mus rutilus Pallas, 1779) subsequently designated by Palmer (1928).
Characterization of neat and modified asphalt binders and mixtures in relation to permanent deformation
Authors: Bessa Iuri S. , Takahashi Márcia M. , Vasconcelos Kamilla L. , Bernucci Liedi L. B.
Published: August 2019

The addition of polymers on asphalt binders aims to enhance their performance, especially at high temperatures, which correspond to rutting resistance. The Superpave rutting parameter (|G*|/sinδ) has been considered to be inadequate to characterize the performance of modified materials, therefore the Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) test was developed, providing the parameter non-recoverable compliance (Jnr). This research has the main objective of correlating asphalt binders performance-based characterization with rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures, and presents results obtained for one conventional (50/70 penetration grade) and two modified asphalt binders (2.1% RET and 1.9% RET) regarding their rheological characteristics. With the use of the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), master curves and MSCR results were obtained for the three binders. In addition, permanent deformation tests were performed on the asphalt mixtures by means of laboratory traffic simulation. The rutting characterization indicated higher permanent deformation resistance for the modified binders for the asphalt binder and the asphalt mixture testing. The main conclusions were that the use of modified binder reduced in approximately 50% the Jnr values and the rut depth; also, the asphalt binders’ characteristics were able to predict the asphalt mixtures rutting resistance.
The Unique Structure of Pushkin’sEugene Onegin: Why Tatyana’s Identity and the Theme of Russianness Matters
Authors: Kim Sang Hyun
Published: August 2019

Pushkin’s novel in verseEugene Onegin(1833) has been considered not just the work of the period of Pushkin’s best and greatest lyrical output, but the starting-point of the classic nineteenth-century Russian novel. As this article strongly insists, the novel evokes the so-called ‘Russianness,’ which reminds us of what has typically been known as Russian or the Russian soul, as well as Russian types of emotional response reflected in the literary figure. The most important question this article addresses is the idea of Russianness encoded into the heroine, Tatyana, in particular. More concretely speaking, it is our main concern to investigate Tatyana’s identity as expressed through the motif of the Russian soul and its relationship with the structural uniqueness of the novel. The purpose of the present study then is to explore the extent to which this structural peculiarity is found throughout the text as well as how this question is associated with the characterization of the heroine, Tatyana. Fundamentally, the relationship between the text’s structural peculiarity and the character’s identity, in terms of thematic composition, will be at the center of our arguments.
Zur medialen Integration russlanddeutscher (Spät-)Aussiedler nach dem Fall Lisa und ihrer Mediendarstellung bis zur Bundestagswahl 2017
Authors: Schmalz Tatjana
Published: August 2019

The majority of German Russians, who had settled in Germany in the 1990 s, were long considered conformist up to January 2016 where Russian media services and officials exploited the criminal case of Lisa F. in Berlin. A few right wing AfD party activists gathered several thousand Russian speakers to protest against the German refugee policy. Even though the activist’s mobilizing narrative can easily be deconstructed as a political myth with little consensus within the German Russian population, German mass media have since generalized this heterogeneous group as troublemakers with divided loyalties and as a potential threat to the federal elections of 2017. Although German Russian lobby organisations heavily criticised these mass media representations, they are likely to stand the chance of finally establishing their migration history as a part of general knowledge.
Nonlinear interest rate-setting behaviour of German commercial banks
Authors: Heinzelmann Ludwig , Missong Martin
Published: August 2019

We quantitatively analyse the interest rate-setting behaviour of German commercial banks during the period 2003–2014, using nonlinear (smooth transition) cointegration approaches. Our empirical results reveal principles applied by commercial banks in (re-)gaining margins in the aftermath of the financial crisis. We substantiate our findings using economic arguments from a bank management perspective. As our study contributes to a better understanding of the pass-through mechanism from market to commercial banks’ customer interest rates, the results will also be relevant to meaningful assessments of the effectiveness of monetary policy measures.
MiR-1906 attenuates neuropathic pain in rats by regulating the TLR4/mTOR/ Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Fang Xianhai , Zhou Huacheng , Huang Shaopeng , Liu Jinfeng
Published: August 2019

Background

This study determined the role of miR-1906 in neuropathic pain and proliferation in neuronal cells using a chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain (NP) rat model.

Methodology

NP was induced by CCI. Animals were divided into a sham group, an NP group, and a miR-1906 mimic group, which received 500 nmol/kg of a miR-1906 mimic intrathecally for 10 consecutive days following surgery. The effect of miR-1906 agomir was determined by estimating the thermal and mechanical withdrawal latency; an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the concentration of proinflammatory mediators. Western blotting and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to determine protein expression in the spinal tissues of the CCI-induced neuropathic pain rat model.

Results

Administration of miR-1906 agomir increased the mechanical and thermal withdrawal latency period and the levels of inflammatory mediators compared with the NP group. Western blotting showed that treatment with miR-1906 agomir attenuated the levels of Akt, mTOR, TLR-4, and PI3K proteins in the spinal tissues of the CCI-induced neuropathic pain model. TLR-4 and NF-κB gene expression was lower in the miR-1906 agomir group than in the NP group.

Conclusion

miR-1906 gene stimulation reduced neuropathic pain by enhancing Akt/nTOR/PI3K and TLR-4/NF-κB pathway regulation.
Landing Impact Intensities for Jumping Exercises From the OPTIMA-Ex Trial in Trained and Untrained Women
Authors: Lambert Conor , Beck Belinda R. , Weeks Benjamin K.
Published: August 2019

Lambert, C, Beck, BR, and Weeks, BK. Landing impact intensities for jumping exercises from the OPTIMA-Ex trial in trained and untrained women. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2504–2510, 2021—High-intensity mechanical loads are required to elicit a positive adaptive bone response. Our aim was to quantify the mechanical loads of impact exercises used in each progressive stage of a bone-targeted exercise intervention (the OPTIMA-Ex trial) and to investigate differences in mechanical loads between untrained and trained subjects. A randomized repeated measures experimental design was used to quantify and compare the mechanical loads, including vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and the rate of loading (RoL) of the landing phase, of all impact exercises applied in the OPTIMA-Ex trial and to determine the load intensity for each training stage of the impact intervention. Fifteen healthy young adult women aged 18–30 years (mean 23.1 ± 3.5 years) were recruited (5 trained and 10 untrained). Overall, vGRF was classified as high impact (>4 times body mass [BM]) for all 7 training stages (4.70 ± 1.89 to 6.79 ± 2.17 BM), whereas RoL ranged from 207.01 ± 175.09 to 371.52 ± 393.43 BM·s−1 across the stages. Furthermore, a significant time effect was observed between training stages for vGRF/BM (p = 0.001) and RoL (p < 0.001). Trained subjects exhibited greater impact loads than untrained subjects for activities at every training stage (p < 0.01). We found that impact activities at every stage of the OPTIMA-Ex trial not only met the GRF criteria for high intensity but also exhibited progressive increases in load for successive stages. Furthermore, trained subjects were capable of producing greater impact loads than untrained subjects.
Influence of Well-Being Indices and Recovery State on the Technical and Physiological Aspects of Play During Small-Sided Games
Authors: Selmi Okba , Gonçalves Bruno , Ouergui Ibrahim , Levitt Danielle E. , Sampaio Jaime , Bouassida Anissa
Published: August 2019

Selmi, O, Gonçalves, B, Levitt, DE, Ouergui, I, Sampaio, J, and Bouassida, A. Influence of well-being indices and recovery state on the technical and physiological aspects of play during small-sided games. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2802–2809, 2021—Soccer players performing at high level are frequently exposed to periods of intense training, which can induce substantial stress and fatigue. These high-intensity stimuli likely lead to a lower state of well-being and poor recovery and, consequently, may affect players' performance. This study aimed to assess the influence of well-being indices (i.e., self-ratings of sleep, stress, fatigue, and delayed onset muscle soreness [DOMS]) and the total quality of recovery (TQR) on technical and physiological measures during soccer small-sided games (SSGs). Twenty male professional soccer players (age: 25.1 ± 1.0 years) performed four 25-minute SSG sessions. Well-being indices were collected before each SSG-session. Heart rate was continuously measured throughout each session, and the ratings of perceived exertion and blood lactate concentration were collected after each SSG. A hierarchical cluster analysis was performed across variables and cases to identify associations between variables and variability in players' responses between sessions. No significant correlations were found between well-being indices, TQR and physiological parameters. Total quality recovery was positively correlated with successful pass % (r = 0.27) and interceptions (r = 0.25) and negatively correlated with lost balls (r = −0.25). Fatigue and DOMS were negatively correlated with tackles (r = −0.29, r = −0.28, respectively), successful pass % (r = −0.58, r = −0.55, respectively) and interceptions (r = −0.25, r = −0.27, respectively), and positively correlated with lost balls (r = 0.32, r = 0.28, respectively). Results provide an alternative and complementary method to understand training responses and can be an objective tool to help create subgroups in training for optimizing performance. This study demonstrates the efficacy and utility of using simple well-being and recovery measures to help coaches monitor athlete readiness.
Upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice
Authors: Gourdal Margaux , Crabeck Odile , Lizotte Martine , Galindo Virginie , Gosselin Michel , Babin Marcel , Scarratt Michael , Levasseur Maurice
Published: August 2019

This paper presents the first empirical estimates of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) gas fluxes across permeable sea ice in the Arctic. DMS is known to act as a major potential source of aerosols that strongly influence the Earth’s radiative balance in remote marine regions during the ice-free season. Results from a sampling campaign, undertaken in 2015 between June 2 and June 28 in the ice-covered Western Baffin Bay, revealed the presence of high algal biomass in the bottom 0.1-m section of sea ice (21 to 380 µg Chl a L–1) combined with the presence of high DMS concentrations (212–840 nmol L–1). While ice algae acted as local sources of DMS in bottom sea ice, thermohaline changes within the brine network, from gravity drainage to vertical stabilization, exerted strong control on the distribution of DMS within the interior of the ice. We estimated both the mean DMS molecular diffusion coefficient in brine (5.2 × 10–5 cm2 s–1 ± 51% relative S.D., n = 10) and the mean bulk transport coefficient within sea ice (33 × 10–5 cm2 s–1 ± 41% relative S.D., n = 10). The estimated DMS fluxes ± S.D. from the bottom ice to the atmosphere ranged between 0.47 ± 0.08 µmol m–2 d–1 (n = 5, diffusion) and 0.40 ± 0.15 µmol m–2 d–1 (n = 5, bulk transport) during the vertically stable phase. These fluxes fall within the lower range of direct summer sea-to-air DMS fluxes reported in the Arctic. Our results indicate that upward transport of DMS, from the algal-rich bottom of first-year sea ice through the permeable sea ice, may represent an important pathway for this biogenic gas toward the atmosphere in ice-covered oceans in spring and summer.
Carl Czerny's Mechanical Reproductions
Authors: Musser Jordan
Published: August 2019

This article reassesses the “mechanical” style of playing featured in Carl Czerny's pedagogical works and keyboard arrangements—specifically, the Complete Theoretical and Practical Piano Forte School, op. 500 (1839), its supplementary text Letters to a Young Lady (ca. 1840), and the four-hand transcription of Beethoven's Symphony no. 9 in D Minor, op. 125 (the “Choral”). The first part of the article situates opus 500 within the larger pedagogical milieu of Biedermeier music culture and Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi's progressivist educational reforms, exploring the way it tasked predominantly women amateurs with assembling basic finger sensations in an exercise-by-exercise—“progressive”—fashion. I propose that this cumulative logic reflects an early-century epistemic norm—what Friedrich Kittler dubs a “mechanical program” of assembly and augmentation. The second part considers Czerny's transcription of the finale of Beethoven's Ninth from the perspective of ludo-musicology and cultural techniques media analysis, outlining the reductive and replicative—“reproductive”—techniques by which Czerny accommodated his former teacher's work to the hands he shaped in the private sphere. I argue that his pedagogies and transcriptions were recursively interrelated. Czerny was simultaneously a mechanic of the hand pedagogically and a mechanical reproducer of symphonies transcriptively, creating a multivalent corpus that forces us to rethink the media-theoretical concept of “mechanical reproduction” vis-à-vis “Discourse Network 1800.”
The role of mTOR pathway as target for treatment in adrenocortical cancer
Authors: De Martino Maria Cristina , Feelders Richard A , Pivonello Claudia , Simeoli Chiara , Papa Fortuna , Colao Annamaria , Pivonello Rosario , Hofland Leo J
Published: August 2019

Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are rare tumors with scant treatment options for which new treatments are required. The mTOR pathway mediates the intracellular signals of several growth factors, including the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), and therefore represents a potential attractive pathway for the treatment of several malignancies including ACCs. Several mTOR inhibitors, including sirolimus, temsirolimus and everolimus, have been clinically developed. This review summarizes the results of the studies evaluating the expression of the mTOR pathway components in ACCs, the effects of the mTOR inhibitors alone or in combination with other drugs in preclinical models of ACCs and the early experience with the use of these compounds in the clinical setting. The mTOR pathway seems a potential target for treatment of patients with ACC, but further investigation is still required to define the potential role of mTOR inhibitors alone or in combination with other drugs in the treatment of ACC patients.
Dynamics of Metasomatic Transformation of the Rocks of the Lithospheric Mantle and Earth’s Crust in Deep-Fault Zones Controlling the Siberian Platform Trap Magmatism
Authors: Sharapov V.N. , Mazurov M.P. , Chudnenko K.V. , Sorokin K.E.
Published: August 2019

—For a multirate approximation, we have determined the dynamics of rock heating by a magmatic-fluid flow in a flat permeable zone cutting the cratonic lithosphere of the Siberian Platform from a magma chamber at a depth of 50 km to the Earth’s surface. This dynamics is compared with the dynamics of infiltration metasomatism in a three-layer lithosphere section: (1) harzburgitic mantle (depth 50–40 km), (2) crystalline basement (39–7 km), whose composition was simulated by the section of rocks hosting the skarn deposits of the Aldan Shield, and (3) platform cover (6–0 km), with its simplified rock compositions specified on the basis of the rock compositions in the southern and northern parts of the trap area of the Siberian Platform. Numerical modeling of the metasomatic transformation of rocks was performed in a multireservoir flow reactor, using the Selektor software. The initial composition of fluids in a magmatic source varied from highly reduced (water–methane) to ordinary (water–acid) (lg pO2 from –13.0 to –12.0). The obtained balances of the interacting phases show no significant change in the mass of aluminosilicate rocks in the mantle and Earth’s crust sections and a significant loss of their mass under replacement of carbonate and sulfate deposits.
Stages and Duration of Formation of the Kalguty Mo–W Ore-Magmatic System (Altai): Thermochronology and Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Vladimirov A.G. , Annikova I.Yu. , Murzintsev N.G. , Travin A.V. , Sokolova E.N. , Smirnov S.Z. , Gavryushkina O.A. , Oitseva T.A.
Published: August 2019

—The Kalguty Mo–W ore-magmatic system (OMS) is a granite batholith (S = 70 km2, V = 12,800 km3 at the recent denudation level, according to geological and geophysical data). This batholith is cut by the East Kalguty belt of rare-metal ongonite–elvan dikes spatially and temporally associated with the East Kalguty quartz-vein–greisen Mo–W deposit. Geological and petrogenetic studies along with published and our new results of geochronological (U/Pb zircon, Re/Os molybdenite, and 40Ar/39Ar biotite and muscovite) dating made it possible to reconstruct the thermochronological history of the Kalguty OMS. Five stages have been recognized: I (215 ± 1 Ma)—formation of granites of major intrusive phase and of Mo-rich mineralization, which is an orebody called the Molybdenum stock; II (206 ± 1 Ma)—formation of leucogranite and intragranitic-pegmatite stocks in the granites of major intrusive phase; III (202 ± 1 Ma)—formation of most of ongonite–elvan dikes composing a dike belt; IV (195 ± 1 Ma)—formation of long ultrarare-metal ongonite–elvan dikes in the central part of the dike belt, which is spatially associated with the W-rich veins of the deposit; and V (181 ± 1 Ma)—formation of thin ongonite–elvan dikes on the periphery of the dike belt. The recognized age stages of the Kalguty Mo–W ore-magmatic system were mathematically tested based on the model of crystallization differentiation and the dynamics of heat and mass transfer in the magma chamber corresponding to the Kalguty granite batholith. The results obtained show that the formation of a granite batholith (215 ± 1 Ma) and a later ongonite–elvan dike complex with Mo–W-rich mineralization (195 ± 1 Ma) can be explained only by a two-level ore-magmatic system with the “upper” granite batholith at a depth of 5–15 km and the “lower” granite chamber at a depth of 20–31 km. The total duration of ore-magmatic processes is 20 Myr (ore production stage) or 30 Myr, if we take into account occasional elvan dikes with poor quartz–fluorite–barite–ferberite mineralization (181 ± 1 Ma) on the periphery of the Kalguty deposit.
Global dynamics of socio-environmental crisis: dangers on the way to a sustainable future
Authors: Suša Oleg
Published: August 2019

Today we are living in the midst of an advancing socio-environmental crisis on a planetary scale. Barriers to a sustainable future – as a positive solution to that crisis – have accumulated. Globalization and capitalist transnational power have worsened social and environmental problems, including global climate change, with serious ecological and socio-economic implications, migration and poverty, social inequalities, unemployment, labour exploitation and degradation, accumulation by dispossession, rent and resource extraction. The global danger to peace is multiplied by current militarization, the proliferation of warfare, and the legitimization of wars and military interventions.***Dinâmica global da crise socioambiental: perigos no caminho para um futuro sustentável***Hoje estamos vivendo em meio a uma crise socioambiental em escalaplanetária. Acumulam-se barreiras para um futuro sustentável – que seria uma solução positiva para essa crise. A globalização e o poder capitalista transnacional agravaram os problemas sociais e ambientais, incluindo as mudanças climáticas globais, com graves implicações ecológicas e socioeconômicas, migração e pobreza, desigualdades sociais,desemprego, exploração e degradação do trabalho, acumulação por desapropriação, rentismo e extração de recursos. O perigo global para a paz é multiplicado pela atual militarização, pela proliferação da guerra e pela legitimação de guerras e intervenções militares.Palavras-chave: Crise socioambiental. Futuro sustentável. Globalização. Poder capitalista transnacional.
Hidden in plain sight: a new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from Colombia previously misidentified as Pleurothallis luctuosa
Authors: Wilson Mark , Zhao Kehan , Hampson Hailey , Chang Matt , Reina-Rodríguez Guillermo A. , Niessen Andrea
Published: August 2019

Pleurothallis tenuisepala, a new species in subsection Acroniae, is described and compared to Pleurothallis luctuosa with which it has previously been confused. While the two species are superficially similar, they can be very easily distinguished by the size of the flowers, which are approximately 60 mm long in P. tenuisepala versus approximately 29 mm long in P. luctuosa, or the length of the sepals, which are approximately four-times the length of the petals in P. tenuisepala versus less than twice the length of the petals in P. luctuosa. The two species can also be discriminated by their nuclear internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) sequences. Pleurothallis tenuisepala occurs on Isla Gorgona off the Pacific coast of Colombia and on the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental of the Colombian Andes, while P. luctuosa is restricted to the Cordillera de Tilarán of Costa Rica. Labellar micromorphology of both species is discussed in relation to possible pollination mechanisms.

Key words: Acroniae, cryptic species, labellum, morphology, taxonomy
PASTOR EYO NKUNE OKPO ENE (1895 – 1973): THE FORGOTTEN HERO OF THE APOSTOLIC CHURCH, NIGERIA
Authors: Augustine Odey Professor Onah , Ajima Onah Dr Gregory
Published: August 2019

This brief article is a legacy of the authors twenty-five year teaching experience of Nigerian Church History in three Nigerian Universities between May 25, 1987 and May 31, 2012 and his ministerial duties and lecture on Church history in the Lutheran Seminary in Nigeria and the various interaction with other Christian brethren, especially in relationship with Christian students of The Apostolic Church, Nigeria. In this article, the researchers have tried to describe the early history of the Apostolic Church in Cross River State of Nigeria, West Africa, through a brief biographical stetch of Pastor Eyo Nkune Okpo Ene of Ambo Family, Mbaraokom, Creek Town (Obio Oko), who lived between 22nd November, 1895 and 1st February, 1973 (78years). This work is a paragon or model of other similar ones: like those of Garrick Idakatima Sokari Braide, Samuel Ajayi Crowther, Essien Ukpabio, Jonathan Udo Ekong and others.