bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observational appearances of magnetically charged black holes in Born–Infeld electrodynamics
Authors: Wen Shangyu , Hong Wei , Tao Jun
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we investigate the observational appearances of magnetically charged black holes in Born–Infeld (BI) electrodynamics. We examine the effects of the magnetic charge and the BI parameter on the geodesics with different impact parameters. Using the backward ray tracing method, we investigate how spherically symmetric accretions interact with black hole shadows and photon spheres. The shadows of infalling accretion are darker than that of static ones. Moreover, the radius of the photon sphere is an intrinsic property of the spacetime independent of accretions. We then study how the thin disk models affect the black hole shadows. After obtaining the transfer functions, we divide photons emitted from the thin disk into three categories: direct emission, lens ring, and photon ring. Applying three emission models, we find that the width of the shadow is dominated by the direct emission, the photon ring and the lens ring can hardly be identified by changing the emission models.
Functional Responses of Autaptic Neural Circuits to Acoustic Signals
Authors: Zhu Zhigang , Zhang Xiaofeng , Wang Yisen , Ma Jun
Published: April 2023

It is important for functional neurons of animals or human beings to adapt to external stimuli, such as sound, pressure, and light. Regarding this aspect, autaptic neuron enables itself to utilize historical information to modulate its instant dynamics, such that it may be able to behave adaptively. In this paper, a FitzHugh–Nagumo based autaptic neuron is employed to investigate the capability of a sound-sensitive neural circuit’s adaptation and filtering to analog acoustic signals. Extensive simulations are performed for excitatory and inhibitory types of autaptic neurons. The results show that the time-delayed feedback of the excitatory chemical autapse can be tuned to play the role of a narrow-band filter in response to a broadband acoustic signal. While the excitatory chemical autaptic neuron cannot saturate its response amplitude due to its positive feedback gain, the inhibitory chemical autapse can drive the neuron’s amplitude to converge as the intensity of external drive increases, which reveals the capability of adaptation. What’s more, the inhibitory chemical autaptic neuron can also exhibit a novel bursting adaptation, in which the number of spikings contained in one bursting changes as the electrical activity evolves. For electrical autaptic neurons, it is also found that both time-delay feedback gains can effectively modulate the response of neuron to acoustic signal. While the variation of time-lags mainly changes the spiking rates of the excitatory electrical autaptic neuron, the feedback gain alters its response amplitude. Lastly, by carefully tuning the time-lags, the expected subthreshold dynamics for larger inhibitory feedback gains can be switched to nearby quasi-periodic firings, which implies a competing relation between the time-delays and the feedback gains in the spiking dynamics of the inhibitory electrical autaptic neurons. The diverse emerging phenomena are expected to facilitate the design of online or interactive learning artificial neural networks with these functional autaptic neurons.
Nonlinear Vibration of Bolted Rotor Bearing System Accounting for the Bending Stiffness Characteristics of the Connection Interface
Authors: Pan Wujiu , Ling Liangyu , Qu Haoyong , Wang Minghai
Published: April 2023

This paper considers the discontinuous characteristics of a real aero-engine rotor system, that is, the existence of bolted connection characteristics, and establishes a new bolted connection rotor system model. Taking into account the bending stiffness and the nonlinear Hertzian contact force of the rolling bearing, the Newmark-[Formula: see text] numerical method is used to solve the system response, and the influence of the bending stiffness on the system is studied. Moreover, the effects of bending stiffness and eccentricity on the system dynamics are analyzed. The results show that the nonlinear phenomena of the system are more abundant and the critical speed of the system is higher when the bending stiffness is involved. With the increase of bending stiffness, the critical speed of the system increases, and the frequency component of the system becomes more complex. Then, the influence of eccentricity on the system is studied based on the bending stiffness. It is found that the greater the eccentricity, the greater the critical speed of the rotor and the greater the amplitude of the main frequency. In the case of the same eccentricity, the main frequency increases as the rotational speed increases, and the frequency doubling component appears in the 2-period motion. This paper provides a basis for predicting the nonlinear response of bolted rotor-bearing system.
Ground state and fission properties of even-A uranium isotopes from multidimensionally-constrained relativistic mean field model
Authors: Deng Xiang-Quan , Zhou Shan-Gui
Published: April 2023

The multidimensionally-constrained covariant density functional theories (MDC-CDFTs) have been developed to study the influence of octupole and triaxial deformations on the ground state and fission properties. In this paper, we present a brief review of the applications of MDC-CDFTs and discuss the results of a systematical study of even-[Formula: see text] uranium isotopes with the multidimensionally-constrained relativistic mean field (MDC-RMF) model which is one of the MDC-CDFTs with pairing correlations treated by using the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) approach. We examine in detail the two-dimensional potential energy surfaces [Formula: see text] of these U isotopes and discuss the ground state and fission properties as well as the third and fourth minima on the potential energy surfaces. The emphasis is put on the effects of octupole and triaxial deformations.
Analysis of elastic scattering of 6,7Li and 20Ne from 24Mg nucleus using microscopic potentials
Authors: Hamada Sh. , Al-Ghamdi A. H. , Alholaisi Arafa A. , Ibraheem Awad A. , Amangeldi N. , Abdou Y.
Published: April 2023

The experimentally available angular distributions (ADs) for [Formula: see text]Li and [Formula: see text]Ne ions elastically scattered from a [Formula: see text]Mg target are reanalyzed using various nuclear potentials based on phenomenological as well as microscopic approaches. The considered data are [Formula: see text] ADs at [Formula: see text], 88 and 240[Formula: see text]MeV; [Formula: see text] ADs at [Formula: see text], 34 and 88[Formula: see text]MeV; and [Formula: see text] ADs at [Formula: see text], 60, 80, 90 and 100[Formula: see text]MeV. Special emphasis is given on the ([Formula: see text]) and ([Formula: see text]) cluster structures of the 6Li and 7Li weakly bound projectiles, which appear at relatively low energies of [Formula: see text] and 2.468[Formula: see text]MeV, respectively. Furthermore, the [Formula: see text]Ne stable nucleus is a candidate to reveal the [Formula: see text]O cluster structure at an energy of 4.73[Formula: see text]MeV. These systems are analyzed within the framework of the cluster folding model by taking into consideration the aforementioned cluster nature of the 6Li, 7Li and [Formula: see text]Ne projectiles. The adopted approaches fairly reproduced the experimental ADs.
FINITE-TIME ESTIMATOR-BASED ACTIVE CONTROL FOR TIME-DELAYED FRACTIONAL-ORDER NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: ALSAADE FAWAZ W. , AL-ZAHRANI MOHAMMED S.
Published: April 2023

Time-delayed fractional-order systems are crucial in modeling and analyzing various physical systems, ranging from mechanical and electrical systems to biological and environmental ones. While estimators play an inevitable role in achieving high accuracy in controlling nonlinear systems, control techniques intended for time-delayed fractional-order systems struggle to estimate uncertainties within finite time. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel control technique that utilizes a finite-time disturbance observer and an active controller for time-delayed fractional-order systems. The stability of this method and the finite-time convergence of the estimator are guaranteed using the Lyapunov stability theorem and active control concepts. Then, the study investigates a fractional-order neural network and exhibits its chaotic behavior. Finally, the synchronization results of the fractional-order time-delayed neural network using the proposed control scheme in the presence of external disturbances are presented, verifying the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control technique.
DEEP LEARNING-DRIVEN DIFFERENTIATED TRAFFIC SCHEDULING IN CLOUD-IOT DATA CENTER NETWORKS
Authors: WANG XIANJU , CHEN TAO , CHEN SHUGUANG , ZHU YONG , LIU JUNHAO , XU JINGXIU , SORADI-ZEID SAMANEH , YOUSEFPOUR AMIN
Published: April 2023

The development of 5G technology has enabled the cloud-internet of things (IoT) to impact all areas of our lives. Sensors in cloud-IoT generate large-scale data, and the demand for massive data processing is also increasing. The performance of a single machine can no longer meet the needs of existing users. In contrast, a data center (DC) integrates computing power and storage resources through a specific network topology and satisfies the need to process massive data. Regarding large-scale heterogeneous traffic in DCs, differentiated traffic scheduling on demand reduces transmission latency and improves throughput. Therefore, this paper presents a traffic scheduling method based on deep Q-networks (DQN). This method collects network parameters, delivers them to the environment module, and completes the environment construction of network information and reinforcement learning elements through the environment module. Thus, the final transmission path of the elephant flow is converted based on the action given by DQN. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper effectively reduces the transmission latency and improves the link utilization and throughput to a certain extent.
Improved Cross-Correlation Coefficient: Quantifying the Cross-Correlation Level between Fluctuant Amplitude Ranges in Two Non-Stationary Time Series
Authors: Shen Chenhua
Published: April 2023

In this study, the cross-correlation coefficient [Formula: see text] is improved to quantify the cross-correlation level between fluctuant amplitude ranges in two non-stationary time series on various temporal scales. The proposed method is based on the de-trended cross-correlation analysis, de-trended fluctuation analysis, Kendall correlation analysis, and Gaussian kernel density estimation technique. The implementation of the improved cross-correlation coefficient is illustrated in computer-generated and empirical datasets. The results demonstrate that small–small and large–large fluctuation amplitude ranges in synchronous records of wind speed and PM2.5 are cross-correlated. The [Formula: see text] coefficient can be used as an appropriate practical measure for obtaining the cross-correlation level between the fluctuation amplitude ranges in two non-stationary time series. This finding enables a better understanding of the cross-correlation behavior between two non-stationary time series.
Indefinite Causal Order for Quantum Phase Estimation with Pauli Noise
Authors: Chapeau-Blondeau François
Published: April 2023

This paper further explores the recent scheme of switched quantum channels with indefinite causal order applied to the reference metrological task of quantum phase estimation in the presence of noise. We especially extend the explorations, previously reported with depolarizing noise and thermal noise, to the class of Pauli noises, important to the qubit and not previously addressed. Nonstandard capabilities, not accessible with standard quantum phase estimation, are exhibited and analyzed, with significant properties that are specific to the Pauli noises, while other properties are found in common with the depolarizing noise or the thermal noise. The results show that the presence and the type of quantum noise are both crucial to the determination of the nonstandard capabilities from the switched channel with indefinite causal order, with a constructive action of noise reminiscent of stochastic resonance phenomena. The study contributes to a more comprehensive and systematic characterization of the roles and specificities of quantum noise in the operation of the novel devices of switched quantum channels with indefinite causal order.
NETWORK ANALYSIS OF VERBAL COMMUNICATIONS IN THE NOVEL THE MASTER AND MARGARITA BY M. A. BULGAKOV
Authors: TARASEVICH YURI Y. , DANILOVA ANNA V. , ROMANOVSKAYA OLGA E.
Published: April 2023

A network analysis of the structure of verbal communications in one of the most popular Russian novels of the Soviet era The Master and Margarita by M. A. Bulgakov has been carried out. The structure of the novel is complex, i.e. there is “a story within a story”. Moreover, the real-world-characters and the other-world-characters are interacting in the novel. This complex and unusual composition makes the novel especially attractive for a network analysis. In our study, only paired verbal communications (conversations) between explicitly present and acting characters have been taken into account; frontal communications, monologues, off-stage characters as well as expected connections between characters have not been taken into account. Based on a character pair verbal communication matrix, a graph has been constructed, the vertices of which are the characters of the novel, while the edges correspond to the connections between them. Taking only paired verbal communications into account leads to the result that the character network can be described by an ordinary, rather than a directed graph. Since the activity of the conversations was out of our intended scope, the edges have been given no weights. The largest connected component of the graph consists of 76 characters. Centralities, such as degree, betweenness, closeness, eigenvector, and assortativity coefficient were computed to characterize the network. The assortativity coefficient of the network under consideration is negative [Formula: see text], i.e. the network does not demonstrate the properties of a social network. The structure of the communities in the network was also analyzed. In addition to the obvious large communities — the characters from the Yershalaim part of the novel and the characters of the Moscow part — the analysis also revealed a fine structure in the Moscow component. Using the analysis of centralities, a group of main characters has been detected. The central characters of the novel are Koroviev, Margarita, Bezdomny, Woland, Behemoth, Azazello, Bosoi, Warenukha, Master, and Levi Matthew.
Averaging Navier–Stokes Equations by a Dual Approach
Authors: Nguyen T. H. , Nguyen D. A.
Published: April 2023

The current three-dimensional averaging mathematical model of flow, also known as the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations or Reynolds equations, was developed based on the idea of Reynolds in 1895. This model is given by the classical averaging of velocity and pressure parameters from the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations. However, by doing this, these averaging parameters obtained by this classical approach are not generalized in comparison to ones estimated by the dual approach. This paper proposes a dual approach to establishing the three-dimensional flow equation. The model setup is more complicated than the classical model in terms of integration because the procedure can be repeated several times. In this paper, the authors perform twice: (1) first, integration of the velocity and pressure parameters from time [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text], with time [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the repeated period of parameters; (2) second, integration from time t to [Formula: see text]. Fluctuating quantities such as velocity and pressure in turbulent flow, over time, are simulated using trigonometric Fourier series. The three-dimensional flow model obtained from this dual approach could provide more accurate results than those given by the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations.
A DISEASE SEVERITY SCORING SYSTEM IN DOGS WITH CLINICALLY ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Su Bi-Ling , Wu Fang-Ru , Liu Pin-Chen
Published: April 2023

The severity of canine acute pancreatitis (AP) is highly variable. Clinically applicable severity scoring algorithms are limited. One-hundred-thirty-four dogs diagnosed with AP and hospitalized between 2009 and 2014 were selected for analysis to develop a severity scoring system. Eleven variables, i.e. age, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, albumin, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus, potassium, presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and oliguria/anuria after rehydration (Day 2 to Day 4) were significantly abnormal and selected by logistic regression to predict the outcome. A scoring system was developed by incorporating weighting factors assigned to each quartile based on the odds ratio integer value. A predictive score is the sum of all weighting factors for each dog. Receiver-operating curve analyses were performed to assess the sensitivity, specificity and optimal cut-off point of the outcome predictions. The scores of 134 dogs after rehydration ranged from 11 to 78 points. The mean score was [Formula: see text], and the median score was 23 points. The optimal cut-off point for outcome prediction of the scoring system was 35.5, with a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 89.3%. The mortality was 85.5% with a score of [Formula: see text], whereas 3.8% had a score of [Formula: see text]. Dogs with a score [Formula: see text] all survived. The severity scoring system provides a reliable and clinically applicable method to assess disease severity in dogs with clinically AP at the time point after rehydration.
CASE REPORT: PROLIFERATIVE AND NECROTIZING OTITIS EXTERNA IN A CAT
Authors: Hsiao Hung-Hsien , Liu Pin-Chen
Published: April 2023

An 8-month-old intact female shorthair domestic cat was referred to the National Chung Hsing University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for uncontrolled chronic otitis in both ears. The affected ears revealed purulent discharge, erosion with bleeding and brownish-black proliferative tissue in the opening of both ear canals. Cytological examination of the discharge revealed the presence of gram-positive coccoid bacteria. We carried out histopathological examinations of biopsies obtained from friable and proliferative tissues of both ears. Based on the clinical and histopathological characteristics, proliferative and necrotizing otitis externa (PNOE) was diagnosed. Treatment was initiated with a combination of twice-daily application of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment and a once-daily otic lotion containing hydrocortisone aceponate, miconazole nitrate and gentamicin sulfate following the administration of once-daily anti-bacterial flush which contains tromethamine, edetate disodium dehydrate (EDTA) buffered to pH 8 with tromethamine hydrochloride and deionized water. The antibiotic ear lotion was withdrawn in the absence of purulent discharge in both ears after 11 weeks. Most proliferative lesions resolved after 17 weeks, and we tapered the dosage of 0.1% tacrolimus from once daily to once weekly during the year follow-up period. However, in our case, partial remission of PNOE was observed with the application of a combination of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment and a commercial ear lotion. The cat was healthy and had a good quality of life. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PNOE in a cat in Taiwan.
Stream Aggregation with Compressed Sliding Windows
Authors: Geethakumari Prajith Ramakrishnan , Sourdis Ioannis
Published: April 2023

High performance stream aggregation is critical for many emerging applications that analyze massive volumes of data. Incoming data needs to be stored in a
sliding window
during processing, in case the aggregation functions cannot be computed incrementally. Updating the window with new incoming values and reading it to feed the aggregation functions are the two primary steps in stream aggregation. Although window updates can be supported efficiently using multi-level queues, frequent window aggregations remain a performance bottleneck as they put tremendous pressure on the memory bandwidth and capacity. This article addresses this problem by enhancing StreamZip, a dataflow stream aggregation engine that is able to compress the sliding windows. StreamZip deals with a number of data and control dependency challenges to integrate a compressor in the stream aggregation pipeline and alleviate the memory pressure posed by frequent aggregations. In addition, StreamZip incorporates a caching mechanism for dealing with skewed-key distributions in the incoming data stream. In doing so, StreamZip offers higher throughput as well as larger effective window capacity to support larger problems. StreamZip supports diverse compression algorithms offering both lossless and lossy compression to integers as well as floating-point numbers. Compared to designs without compression, StreamZip lossless and lossy designs achieve up to 7.5× and 22× higher throughput, while improving the effective memory capacity by up to 5× and 23×, respectively.
Experimental Evaluation of Multi-scale Tactile Maps Created with SIM, a Web App for Indoor Map Authoring
Authors: Trinh Viet , Manduchi Roberto , Giudice Nicholas A.
Published: April 2023

In this article, we introduce Semantic Interior Mapology (SIM), a web app that allows anyone to quickly trace the floor plan of a building, generating a vectorized representation that can be automatically converted into a tactile map at the desired scale. The design of SIM is informed by a focus group with seven blind participants. Maps generated by SIM at two different scales have been tested by a user study with 10 participants, who were asked to perform a number of tasks designed to ascertain the spatial knowledge acquired through map exploration. These tasks included cross-map pointing and path finding, and determination of turn direction/walker orientation during imagined path traversal. By and large, participants were able to successfully complete the tasks, suggesting that these types of maps could be useful for pre-journey spatial learning.
5G Communication and Security in Connected Vehicles
Authors: Imbruglia Antonio , Cancila Daniela , Settembre Marina
Published: April 2023

The widespread diffusion of Cyber-Physical Systems and their capability to interact with the physical world depend also on the availability of 5G network. The exponential development of intelligent and interconnected IoT and autonomous systems, combined with the development of 5G networks, presents new challenges from a cyber-security perspective. The paper, without claiming to be exhaustive, offers insights and reflections on the very broad topic that integrates innovative devices, 5G and cybersecurity by illustrating the main European directions indicated by both the Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda for Electronic Component and Systems (ECS-SRIA) and the evolution of 5G network standards. Some of the aforementioned issues will be reanalysed through use cases based on Vehicles to X (V2X) scenario, where connectivity, safety and cybersecurity play a key interworking.
Mechanism of Radical Initiation in the Radical SAM Enzyme Superfamily
Authors: Hoffman Brian M. , Broderick William E. , Broderick Joan B.
Published: April 2023

Radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzymes use a site-differentiated [4Fe-4S] cluster and SAM to initiate radical reactions through liberation of the 5′-deoxyadenosyl (5′-dAdo•) radical. They form the largest enzyme superfamily, with more than 700,000 unique sequences currently, and their numbers continue to grow as a result of ongoing bioinformatics efforts. The range of extremely diverse, highly regio- and stereo-specific reactions known to be catalyzed by radical SAM superfamily members is remarkable. The common mechanism of radical initiation in the radical SAM superfamily is the focus of this review. Most surprising is the presence of an organometallic intermediate, Ω, exhibiting an Fe–C5′-adenosyl bond. Regioselective reductive cleavage of the SAM S–C5′ bond produces 5′-dAdo• to form Ω, with the regioselectivity originating in the Jahn–Teller effect. Ω liberates the free 5′-dAdo• as the catalytically active intermediate through homolysis of the Fe–C5′ bond, in analogy to Co–C5′ bond homolysis in B12, which was once viewed as biology's choice of radical generator.
Polyamines in Parkinson's Disease: Balancing Between Neurotoxicity and Neuroprotection
Authors: Vrijsen Stephanie , Houdou Marine , Cascalho Ana , Eggermont Jan , Vangheluwe Peter
Published: April 2023

The polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are abundant polycations of vital importance in mammalian cells. Their cellular levels are tightly regulated by degradation and synthesis, as well as by uptake and export. Here, we discuss the delicate balance between the neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects of polyamines in the context of Parkinson's disease (PD). Polyamine levels decline with aging and are altered in patients with PD, whereas recent mechanistic studies on ATP13A2 (PARK9) demonstrated a driving role of a disturbed polyamine homeostasis in PD. Polyamines affect pathways in PD pathogenesis, such as α-synuclein aggregation, and influence PD-related processes like autophagy, heavy metal toxicity, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and lysosomal/mitochondrial dysfunction. We formulate outstanding research questions regarding the role of polyamines in PD, their potential as PD biomarkers, and possible therapeutic strategies for PD targeting polyamine homeostasis.
NMC811-Li6PS5Cl-Li/In All-Solid-State Battery Capacity Attenuation Based on Temperature-Pressure-Electrochemical Coupling Model
Authors: Gu Jianwei , Xu Renzhuang , Chen Bingbing , Zhou Jianqiu
Published: April 2023

Solid-state batteries have been widely studied due to their unique advantages such as high mechanical strength, good temperature adaptability, and long cycle life. However, the coupling effect of external pressures and ambient temperatures on the cycle performance of solid-state batteries has not been systematically elucidated. Based on the finite element simulation, this work establishes a temperature-pressure-electrochemical coupling model to assess the coupling effect of temperature and pressure on the cycle capacity decay of solid-state batteries. Taking an NMC811-Li6PS5Cl-Li/In solid-state battery as an example, the results show that the optimal pressure range of the battery is 127.38 MPa-254.76 MPa. Applying external stress to a solid-state battery can significantly reduce its capacity decay rate, 191.07 MPa was selected in the optimal stress interval, ten cycles of charge-discharge cycle experiment were carried out on NMC811-Li6PS5Cl-Li/In battery at an ambient temperature of 60 °C, the tenth turn capacity of this battery only decays to 97.78% of the initial capacity, while the tenth turn capacity of the non-pressure battery decays to 96.57%. The model established in this study provides an effective approach for finding the optimal external pressure range for solid state batteries, which will contribute to the development of batteries with longer cycle life.
Choosing Carbon Conductive Additives for NMC-LATP Composite Cathodes: Impact on Thermal Stability
Authors: Valiyaveettil-SobhanRaj Sona , Enterría Marina , Cid Rosalía , Saurel Damien , Nolis Gene Medard , Marchini Florencia , Thompson Travis , Aguesse Frédéric , Casas-Cabanas Montse
Published: April 2023

One of the main technological challenges oxide-based solid-state batteries face today is the densification of their components to reach good interfacial contact. The most common approach requires co-sintering of the different components (electroactive material, catholyte and conducting additive) at high temperatures which often results in the inter-diffusion of elements that deteriorate the overall cathode performance. In this work, the impact of different carbon grades in the thermal response of LATP-NMC622-Carbon electrodes is evaluated and shown to significantly influence the chemical compatibility between components. By means of a combination of bulk and surface characterization techniques including gas adsorption, X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, it is shown that carbons with low surface area are more adequate as result in higher oxidation temperatures and hence are less reactive.
Contribution of n-TiO2 Combining with PAM/PPG/NFS Ternary Additive to Improving the Capacity of Gel Lead Acid Battery
Authors: Phan Thi Binh , Nguyen Thi Van Anh , Mai Thi Thanh Thuy , Luong Thi Thanh , Nguyen The Duyen
Published: April 2023

An additive mixture of nanoTiO2 (n-TiO2 in sol form), nano fumed SiO2 (nf-SiO2, NFS), propylene glycol (PPG) and polyacryl amide (PAM) was used for preparation of gelled electrolytes. They were characterized by some physicochemical and electrochemical methods to consider their effect on the capacity of lead acid battery during working process. The material property of samples was observed by scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, FTIR study, and X-ray diffraction. The resistance of electrolyte was considered by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The capacity of battery were observed by charge-discharge at constant current density (0.8 mA cm−2) and charge-discharge according to the international recognized standards (IEC 61056–1:2012; 2.35 V/6 h–0.25 C/1.7 V or 0.5 C/1.7 V) for anodized PbO2 cells and VRLA cells (Gel-VRLA cells, AGM Gel-VRLA cells, and AGM flooded-VRLA cells), respectively. The results showed that a suitable content of n-TiO2 should be 0.2 wt% combined with ternary additive (PAM/PPG/NFS, 0.2/0.1/0.6 wt%, respectively). The discharge capacity of the VRLA cells with 0.2 wt% n-TiO2 was higher than that without n-TiO2 at both discharge rates 0.25 and 0.5 C. In particular, their service life reaches more than 225 cycles at 0.25 C discharging thanks to the use of AGM separator, meeting the IEC 61056–1:2012 standard (200 cycles).
Improving the Dispersion Stability and Chemical Mechanical Polishing Performance of CeO2 Slurries
Authors: Ye Wang , Baoguo Zhang , Pengfei Wu , Min Liu , Dexing Cui , Wenhao Xian
Published: April 2023

The dispersion stability of CeO2 suspensions limits their widespread use in IC manufacturing because unstable slurries can be very damaging to the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) flattening process. Therefore, this study is based on the use of wet ball milling in synergy with chemical agents to improve the dispersion stability of CeO2 slurry. Different organic acids were used as adjusting agents, including acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, and phytic acid. The characterization of the dispersion stability showed that, compared to other organic acids, the CeO2 suspensions using acetic acid as a modest particle size distribution, good stability (zeta potential > 50 mV), monodispersity (polydispersity index < 0.1) and higher chemical activity (higher content of Ce3+). Moreover, CMP experiments showed that the CeO2 slurry using acetic acid as the adjusting agent had a higher removal rate (4139 Å min−1).
Performance Investigation of a Vertical TFET with Inverted-T Channel for Improved DC and Analog/Radio-Frequency Parameters
Authors: Das Diganta , Pandey Chandan Kumar
Published: April 2023

In this manuscript, a novel line tunneling based gate-on-source-only TFET with inverted T-shaped channel (ITGOSO-VTFET) is proposed and investigated using Synopsis TCAD 2-D simulator. The GOSO configuration along with dual counter-doped pockets (CDP) improve the ON-state current by enhancing the tunneling rate of charge carriers at source/channel interface while inverted T-shaped channel helps the proposed device in reducing the OFF-state (IOFF) and ambipolar (IAMB) currents. In comparison with double-gate (DG) and GoSo-CDP TFET, the order of IOFF (IAMB) in ITGOSO-VTFET are found to be improved by ∼6 (∼4) and ∼7(∼3), respectively. Furthermore, the impact of varying design parameters is analyzed in order to obtain the optimized performance of the proposed device. Apart from improvement in DC performance, ITGOSO-VTFET is also found to offering a much better analog/RF performance in terms of various parameters like gm, fT, TFP, GBP, and τ, which eventually makes the proposed device more suitable for low power and high-speed applications.
Lumbar multiunit activity power spectrum during air stepping in the spinal cat: evidence for a flexor-dominated rostrocaudally distributed locomotor center
Authors: McMahon Chantal , Kowalski David P. , Krupka Alexander J. , Lemay Michel A.
Published: April 2023

We report on the power spectral analysis of multiunit activity (MUA) of lumbar spinal interneurons during a locomotor task. In line with prior studies, we found evidence of greater power at the frequency of locomotion in high lumbar segments and during the flexion phase. Our results also confirm prior observations from our laboratory that the rhythmically active MUA behaves as a longitudinal standing wave of neural activation that is flexor dominant.
Phylogeny and Pathogenicity of Subtype XIIb NDVs from Francolins in Southwestern China and Effective Protection by an Inactivated Vaccine
Authors: Zeng Tingting , Xie Liji , Xie Zhixun , Huang Jiaoling , Xie Zhiqin , Huang Qinghong , Luo Sisi , Wang Sheng , Li Meng , Hua Jun , Zhang Yanfang , Zhang Minxiu
Published: April 2023

Most genotype XII newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) were isolated from poultry, chickens, or geese, with the exception of one subtype, XIIa NDV, which was isolated from a peacock. Here, two subtype XIIb NDVs, francolin/China/GX01/2017 and francolin/China/GX02/2017 (GX01 and GX02 hereafter), were isolated from francolins, which are resident birds in southern China. GX01 and GX02 were characterized as velogenic NDVs. Based on the weaker pathogenicity of these viruses in chickens, the amino acid sequences of seven proteins from genotype XII NDVs were compared, which revealed 17, 40, 15, 7, 32, 25, and 31 variations in the NP, P, M, F, HN, L, and V proteins, respectively, some of which could be responsible for this decreased pathogenicity. Epidemiological and phylogenetic analyses suggest that subtype XIIb NDVs have multiple transmission chains, and that resident birds may be involved in this process as intermediate hosts in which viruses keep evolving. Because of the increased pathogenicity of subtype XIIb NDVs, the protective efficacy of GX01 as an inactivated vaccine was evaluated and compared with that of two commercial inactivated vaccines in chickens. The results showed that the subtype XIIb NDVs could be candidate genotype-matched vaccine strains against genotype XII NDVs.
Urban Share of the “Burden”: Impact of a Support Organisation on Caregiver Burden of People Affected by Dementia
Authors: Gümüşkaya Oya , Şen Sevim , Işık Işıl , Ayaz Volkan , Arslan Özkan Hediye , Wilson Rhonda L.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. This study investigated the experiences and expectations of unpaid caregivers who were members of a nonprofit social support organisation. Design and Methods. Colaizzi’s phenomenological exploration was followed. Data were saturated after 15 in‐depth individual interviews at a centre for people affected with dementia. Findings. The themes reported with the COREQ checklist were contributory to caregiver burden, the escalation of dementia symptoms, changes in family roles, psychological distress, social challenges, membership in a social network, and developing effective coping skills. Practice Implications. Access, availability, and continuity of psychosocial support programs are vital for the wellbeing of people affected with dementia.
A General Framework for Automated Accurate Calculation of b-Matrix (Auto-b) in Diffusion MRI Pulse Sequences
Authors: Yuan Lisha , Wu Dan , He Hongjian , Zhong Jianhui
Published: April 2023

To derive accurate diffusion metrics, both imaging and diffusion-sensitizing gradient pulses should be accounted for when calculating the diffusion-weighted b-matrix. However, it is complex to derive analytical solutions due to complicated interactions between gradient pulses, including orthogonal directions. This study proposes a general framework to calculate the b-matrix automatically (dubbed as Auto-b). Based on the divide-and-conquer approach, the b-matrix calculation is appropriately segmented, and the symbolic mathematical library is applied to handle integration operations for each interval. If the specifications of all gradient pulses are provided to Auto-b, an accurate b-matrix can be obtained. Three examples are explored to validate the accuracy of Auto-b and to detect b-value errors when using approximate calculations. (1) In the conventional spin-echo example, Auto-b exhibits high accuracy, as indicated by the maximum relative deviation of 1.68‰ between its calculated b-matrices and those obtained from analytical expressions. (2) Auto-b is applied to investigate the contribution of imaging gradients to the b-matrix in an optimized spin-echo echo planar imaging sequence at submillimeter resolution. Specifically, ignoring the contribution of imaging gradients results in a b-value error of 12.16 s/mm2 at the 0.8 × 0.8 × 0.8 mm3 resolution and 22.47 s/mm2 at the 0.6 × 0.6 × 0.8 mm3 resolution, respectively, when nominal b = 0. (3) Auto-b is also utilized to analyze the influence of approximate calculations in the spatiotemporally encoded sequence. The results showed that neglecting the contribution of phase-encoding blips causes large b-value errors up to 11.02 s/mm2. In addition, the rectangularization of trapezoidal waveforms led to a high relative b-value error of 39.91%. This study validates the high accuracy of Auto-b and underscores the importance of accurate b-value calculations in both submillimeter imaging and spatiotemporally encoded sequences. Attributed to its automation, accuracy, and broad applicability, Auto-b is helpful for developers of diffusion sequences.
Using Multidimensional Data to Analyze Freeway Real-Time Traffic Crash Precursors Based on XGBoost-SHAP Algorithm
Authors: Li Jie , Yang Yang , Hu Yanran , Zhu Xinyuan , Ma Naixuan , Yuan Xiaojing
Published: April 2023

The traditional freeway safety studies with “poststatic” thinking basically use cross-sectional data or panel data, which find it difficult to figure out real-time traffic crash risk factors. With the development of information collection technology, it is possible to obtain high-resolution traffic flow data currently, which provide a data basis for the dynamic traffic safety research towards freeways. This research aims at accurately identifying the real-time traffic crash precursors on freeways and addressing the shortcomings of conventional dynamic traffic safety research with the thinking of limited factor dimensions. In this research, dimensional data were applied as input model variables, the input dataset includes traffic crash data and the matched dynamic traffic flow data, and weather information and road characteristics were also considered to figure out the interaction effects between these dimensional factors. The XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting) was carried out to identify the dynamic crash-prone variables and the SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) interpreter was introduced to interpret the XGBoost model, as well as the visualization of the influence of each eigenvalue on the traffic crash was realized. The results indicate that, in addition to traffic flow variables, road, weather, and temporal characteristics also have an impact on the traffic crash risk, and there is an interaction between each feature. The results of this research can provide the theoretical basis for freeway real-time traffic crash prediction and safety control.
Cerebral Microinfarcts Are Common in Undiagnosed Lung Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Naftali Jonathan , Barnea Rani , Eliahou Ruth , Tolkovsky Assaf , Pardo Keshet , Zukerman Michal , Soback Noa , Adi Meital , Leader Avi , Bloch Sivan , Saliba Walid , Auriel Eitan
Published: April 2023

Background. Cerebral microinfarcts (CMI) represent covert brain ischemia and were associated with stroke risk and cognitive impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) hyperintensities have been suggested to represent acute CMI. The relationship between malignancy and CMI is unknown. Aims. We aimed to examine whether CMI is more common in patients with undiagnosed lung cancer, and therefore might serve as a prediction marker for cognitive impairment or cancer-related stroke. Methods. We used the computerized database of Clalit Health Services (the largest healthcare provider in Israel) to identify adults diagnosed with lung cancer who had an MRI brain scan for any indication prior to cancer diagnosis. We analyzed DWI sequences, in order to evaluate CMI incidence in this population, and compared it to control groups of patients with other undiagnosed malignancies and patients without known cancer. Results. Altogether, we reviewed 1822 MRI brain scans, of which 497 scans were taken in patients with undiagnosed lung cancer, 543 scans of noncancer patients, and 793 scans of patients with other undiagnosed malignancies. In the lung cancer group, we found 24 CMI, compared with 4 in the noncancer group (

p
=
0.04

) and 8 in the other cancer group (

p
=
0.07

). Conclusions. CMI is common in undiagnosed lung cancer patients compare to other undiagnosed cancer types or noncancer patients. At the time of lung cancer diagnosis patients may be at risk for future stroke or cognitive decline.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Efficacy of Low-Dose Oral Metronomic Dosing of the Prodrug of Gemcitabine, LY2334737, in Human Tumor Xenografts
Authors: Pratt Susan E. , Durland–Busbice Sara , Shepard Robert L. , Donoho Gregory P. , Starling James J. , Wickremsinhe Enaksha R. , Perkins Everett J. , Dantzig Anne H.
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 112K, Supplementary Figure 2 - in vivo study body weights
Supplementary Figure 1 from Efficacy of Low-Dose Oral Metronomic Dosing of the Prodrug of Gemcitabine, LY2334737, in Human Tumor Xenografts
Authors: Pratt Susan E. , Durland–Busbice Sara , Shepard Robert L. , Donoho Gregory P. , Starling James J. , Wickremsinhe Enaksha R. , Perkins Everett J. , Dantzig Anne H.
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 316K, Supplementary Figure 1 - in vivo study body weights
Supplementary Figure 1 from The Thymidine Phosphorylase Inhibitor 5′-O-Tritylinosine (KIN59) Is an Antiangiogenic Multitarget Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Antagonist
Authors: Liekens Sandra , Bronckaers Annelies , Belleri Mirella , Bugatti Antonella , Sienaert Rebecca , Ribatti Domenico , Nico Beatrice , Gigante Alba , Casanova Elena , Opdenakker Ghislain , Pérez-Pérez María-Jesús , Balzarini Jan , Presta Marco
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 252K
Supplementary Figure 2 from Sym004, a Novel Anti-EGFR Antibody Mixture, Augments Radiation Response in Human Lung and Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Huang Shyhmin , Peet Chimera R. , Saker Jarob , Li Chunrong , Armstrong Eric A. , Kragh Michael , Pedersen Mikkel W. , Harari Paul M.
Published: April 2023

PDF - 83KB, Effect of Sym004 on nuclear translocation of EGFR.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Pharmacodynamic and Antineoplastic Activity of BI 836845, a Fully Human IGF Ligand-Neutralizing Antibody, and Mechanistic Rationale for Combination with Rapamycin
Authors: Friedbichler Katrin , Hofmann Marco H. , Kroez Monika , Ostermann Elinborg , Lamche Herbert R. , Koessl Christian , Borges Eric , Pollak Michael N. , Adolf Günther , Adam Paul J.
Published: April 2023

PDF - 421KB, Schematic illustrating the mechanism of synergy for BI 836845 and rapamycin.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Pharmacodynamic and Antineoplastic Activity of BI 836845, a Fully Human IGF Ligand-Neutralizing Antibody, and Mechanistic Rationale for Combination with Rapamycin
Authors: Friedbichler Katrin , Hofmann Marco H. , Kroez Monika , Ostermann Elinborg , Lamche Herbert R. , Koessl Christian , Borges Eric , Pollak Michael N. , Adolf Günther , Adam Paul J.
Published: April 2023

PDF - 385KB, IGF and insulin receptor mRNA expression in RD-ES and GEO cells.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Biochemical Assays for the Discovery of TDP1 Inhibitors
Authors: Marchand Christophe , Huang Shar-yin N. , Dexheimer Thomas S. , Lea Wendy A. , Mott Bryan T. , Chergui Adel , Naumova Alena , Stephen Andrew G. , Rosenthal Andrew S. , Rai Ganesha , Murai Junko , Gao Rui , Maloney David J. , Jadhav Ajit , Jorgensen William L. , Simeonov Anton , Pommier Yves
Published: April 2023

PDF - 89K, Supplementary Materials and Methods.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitors Induce Rapid Overactivation of the MEK/ERK Pathway in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells through Suppression of mTORC2
Authors: Soares Heloisa P. , Ming Ming , Mellon Michelle , Young Steven H. , Han Liang , Sinnet-Smith James , Rozengurt Enrique
Published: April 2023

Legends for Supplementary Figures
Supplementary Methods from Interferon-β Induces Loss of Spherogenicity and Overcomes Therapy Resistance of Glioblastoma Stem Cells
Authors: Happold Caroline , Roth Patrick , Silginer Manuela , Florea Ana-Maria , Lamszus Katrin , Frei Karl , Deenen Rene , Reifenberger Guido , Weller Michael
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 68KB
Supplementary Figure 1 from Genetic and Pharmacologic Evidence That mTOR Targeting Outweighs mTORC1 Inhibition as an Antimyeloma Strategy
Authors: Chen Xi , Díaz-Rodríguez Elena , Ocio Enrique M. , Paiva Bruno , Mortensen Deborah S. , Lopez-Girona Antonia , Chopra Rajesh , Miguel Jesús San , Pandiella Atanasio
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 64K, Supplementary Figure 1. Detection of phospho-proteins in myeloma patient cells.
Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Figure Legends from Coordinate Hyperactivation of Notch1 and Ras/MAPK Pathways Correlates with Poor Patient Survival: Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Aggressive Breast Cancers
Authors: Mittal Suruchi , Sharma Ankur , Balaji Sai A. , Gowda Manju C. , Dighe Rajan R. , Kumar Rekha V. , Rangarajan Annapoorni
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Figure Legends
Supplementary Figure 1 from Expression of Leukemia-Associated Fusion Proteins Increases Sensitivity to Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor–Induced DNA Damage and Apoptosis
Authors: Petruccelli Luca A. , Pettersson Filippa , del Rincón Sonia V. , Guilbert Cynthia , Licht Jonathan D. , Miller Wilson H.
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 49K, List of primers used for QPCR and ChIP experiments.
Supplementary Figure 7 from A Naturally Derived Small Molecule Disrupts Ligand-Dependent and Ligand-Independent Androgen Receptor Signaling in Human Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Amin Karishma S. , Jagadeesh Shankar , Baishya Gakul , Rao Paruchuri G. , Barua Nabin C. , Bhattacharya Samir , Banerjee Partha P.
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 71K, In vitro kinase activity assay to determine the effect of mahanine on CDK1 activity.
Supplementary Figure 2 from A Naturally Derived Small Molecule Disrupts Ligand-Dependent and Ligand-Independent Androgen Receptor Signaling in Human Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Amin Karishma S. , Jagadeesh Shankar , Baishya Gakul , Rao Paruchuri G. , Barua Nabin C. , Bhattacharya Samir , Banerjee Partha P.
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 26K, Effect of mahanine on hTERT and c-myc promoter activity.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Inhibition of Akt Reverses the Acquired Resistance to Sorafenib by Switching Protective Autophagy to Autophagic Cell Death in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhai Bo , Hu Fengli , Jiang Xian , Xu Jun , Zhao Dali , Liu Bing , Pan Shangha , Dong Xuesong , Tan Gang , Wei Zheng , Qiao Haiquan , Jiang Hongchi , Sun Xueying
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 166K, Supplementary Fig. S3. Sorafenib-resistant cells express different levels of p-Akt and autophagic proteins in vivo. Lysates of tumors harvested from (Fig. S1) at the end of experiments were subjected to immunoblotting.