bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who is more Food Secure among Rural, Peri-urban and Urban Households in Pakistan? Results from a field survey in Punjab province
Authors: Sher Ali , Mazhar Saman , Abbas Azhar , Iqbal Muhammad Amjed , Xiangmei Li
Published: June 2018

This study aims to assess food security status of rural, peri-urban and urban households and role of socio-economic factors in ensuring food security. A survey was conducted to collect primary (quantitative) data from 630 respondents using proportionate sampling technique from Punjab, Pakistan. Cronbach’s Alpha reveals stability (>0.75) of data scale items. Using Dietary Intake Assessment (DIA), findings reveal urban households as highly food-secure whereas rural household as most vulnerable to food security at 2450kcal/day per person. Study indicates food price increase as the leading factor in preventing food security among households. Contrary, study identifies risk factors associated to food quality under the abundant availability and access as the new dimension to household food insecurity. Further, results of binary logit model show that socio-economic factors such as monthly income, total number of earners, education of household head and access to market are positively related with food security status whereas, social isolation, volatility in food prices and risk factors in food quality are negatively related with household food security. Therefore, study proposes educational orientation and entrepreneurial development as sustainable solution to ensure food security among masses. Besides, further country level researches are advised to deep delve the mounting menace of food security.
Preparation and Evaluation of a Coconut Shell-Based Activated Carbon for CO2/CH4 Separation
Authors: Abdeljaoued Amna , Querejeta Montes Nausika , Durán Inés , Álvarez-Gutiérrez Noelia , Pevida García Covadonga , Chahbani Mohamed Hachemi
Published: June 2018

Biomass is a widely distributed and renewable source of carbon. The main objective of this work is to produce an activated carbon from coconut shells with suitable characteristics to separate CO2 from biogas. The textural characterization of the adsorbent has been determined. Pure component adsorption isotherms of CO2 and CH4 at 30, 50 and 70 °C have been measured. Moreover, the performance of the produced activated carbon, as potential adsorbent for CO2 capture from a CO2/CH4 gas mixture has been evaluated under dynamic conditions in a purpose-built fixed-bed setup.
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment among Postmenopausal Women: A Review
Authors: Barua Lingkan , Faruque Mithila , Banik Palash C , Ali Liaquat
Published: June 2018

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are rising rapidly among the postmenopausal woman but they are less likely to identify their risk by an appropriate risk assessment tool. This review evaluates available literature on cardiovascular risk assessment among postmenopausal women to provide a concise view of risk factors and disease burden among them, present risk assessment systems including their drawbacks, emergence of new risk factors and their role in risk prediction, and finally use of hormone replacement therapy during menopause. Results demonstrate that menopause is a transition point for developing CVD not due to physiological changes only but psychosocial factors like depression and marital stress are also responsible. Both conventional and emerging risk factors burden are high among postmenopausal women. Though data regarding CVD risk assessment among postmenopausal population is lacking but existing evidences claimed underestimation or overestimation of risk among women. Moreover application of different tools on same population has revealed significant variation in result. In this regard, recalibration of conventional tools with local data and new risk factors has showed improvement of risk prediction. Hormone replacement therapy during early menopause has reported beneficial to prevent CVD but in secondary prevention it has no role. All of these findings demand further studies on cardiovascular risk assessment, especially in developing countries where women after menopause are not in consideration of health strategy makers.
Software Defined Networks in Industrial Automation
Authors: Ahmed Khandakar , Blech Jan O. , Gregory Mark A. , Schmidt Heinrich
Published: June 2018

Trends such as Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Industry 4.0 have increased the need to use powerfull network technologies in industrial automation. The growing communication in industrial automation is harnessing the productivity and efficiency of manufacturing and process automation with minimum human intervention. Due to the ongoing evolution of industrial networks from Fieldbus technologies to Ethernet, the new opportunity has emerged to integrate the Software Defined Networking (SDN) technique. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of SDN in the domain of industrial automation. We propose a network architecture called Software Defined Industrial Automation Network (SDIAN), with the objective of improving network scalability and efficiency. To match the specific considerations and requirements of having a deterministic system in an industrial network, we propose two solutions for flow creation: Pro-active Flow Installation Scheme (PFIS) and Hybrid Flow-Installation Scheme (HFIS). We analytically quantify the proposed solutions in alleviating the overhead incurred from the flow setup cost. The analytical model is verified through monte carlo simulations. We also evaluate the SDIAN architecture and analyze the network performance of the modified topology using an emulator called Mininet. We further list and motivate SDIAN features and in particular report on an experimental food processing plant demonstration featuring Raspberry PIs (RPIs) instead of traditional Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). Our demonstration exemplifies the characteristics of SDIAN.
Formation and characterization of various ZnO/SiO2-stacked layers for flexible micro-energy harvesting devices
Authors: Yoon Chongsei , Jeon Buil , Yoon Giwan
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we present a study of various ZnO/SiO2-stacked thin film structures for flexible micro-energy harvesting devices. Two groups of micro-energy harvesting devices, SiO2/ZnO/SiO2 micro-energy generators (SZS-MGs) and ZnO/SiO2/ZnO micro-energy generators (ZSZ-MGs), were fabricated by stacking both SiO2 and ZnO thin films, and the resulting devices were characterized. With a particular interest in the fabrication of flexible devices, all the ZnO and SiO2 thin films were deposited on ITO-coated PEN substrates using an RF magnetron sputtering technique. The effects of the thickness and/or position of the SiO2 films on the device performance were investigated by observing the variations of output voltage in comparison with that of a control sample. As a result, compared to the ZnO single-layer device, all the ZSZ-MGs showed much better output voltages, while all the SZS-MG showed only slightly better output voltages. Among the ZSZ-MGs, the highest output voltages were obtained from the ZSZ-MGs where the SiO2 thin films were deposited using a deposition power of 150 W. Overall, the device performance seems to depend significantly on the position as well as the thickness of the SiO2 thin films in the ZnO/ SiO2-stacked multilayer structures, in addition to the processing conditions.
Fatty Acid Composition of Gluten-Free Food (Bakery Products) for Celiac People
Authors: Orecchio Santino , Maggio Antonella
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study (first analytical approach) was to obtain data on the fatty acid composition of gluten-free foods (bakery products) for celiac people. The study included 35 different products (snacks, biscuits, bakery products, pasta, flours, etc.) from several manufacturers. After extraction and esterification, the fatty acid content was determined by GC-MS. The monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) are the major constitutes (57%) of the fatty acids pool followed by saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (30%) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (13%). Only fifteen, of the thirty-five gluten free samples analyzed, provide adequate energy intake, while in eleven samples, saturated fatty acids take more energy than that recommended by EFSA. It has emerged that local producers generally use the finest raw materials (olive oil, etc.) compared to the industries which, as has been pointed out, in many cases use palm and palm kernel oils although gluten free commercial products are high added value foods, expensive and intended for a particularly sensitive public.
Induction and Epistemological Naturalism
Authors: Johansson Lars-Göran
Published: June 2018

Epistemological naturalism dismisses the notion that epistemology is a basis for the empirical sciences. In particular, it rejects the demand for a general justification of induction. Making inductive generalisations is a basic habit among humans. There is no such thing as a logic of inductive inference. The role of induction in science is heuristic; it is our way of inventing new theoretical predicates and developing theories. We discover new laws by applying inductive thinking; but this is not any kind of inference which can be evaluated as more or less rational.
Papel de las ómicas en la nutrición de precisión: fortalezas y debilidades
Authors: Corella Dolores
Published: June 2018

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EDUCACIÓN PARA UNA GASTRONOMÍA SALUDABLE: RETOS Y OPORTUNIDADES EN LA ALIMENTACIÓN INSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Valero Gaspar Teresa
Published: June 2018

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La importancia de involucrar a las/los niñas/niños en la preparación de las comidas
Authors: Maiz Edurne
Published: June 2018

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DIETÉTICA HOSPITALARIA Y GASTRONOMÍA SALUDABLE
Authors: Garriga García María
Published: June 2018

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Overview on the safety of commercial products containing metallic nanoparticles in the food sector
Authors: Rainieri Sandra
Published: June 2018

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Los desastres naturales y su impacto en la salud mental. Discusión en el contexto peruano
Authors: Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Barboza-Palomino Miguel
Published: June 2018

[No disponible]
Patrones dietéticos y síndrome metabólico en mujeres con exceso de peso de 18 a 45 años de edad
Authors: Hernández-Ruiz Zugey , Rodríguez-Ramírez Sonia , Hernández-Cordero Sonia , Monterrubio-Flores Eric
Published: June 2018

Objetivo. Analizar la asociación de patrones dietéticos y componentes del síndrome metabólico (SM) en mujeres adultas con exceso de peso. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal que incluye datos antropométricos, dietéticos, bioquímicos y de presión arterial. Se identificaron patrones dietéticos mediante análisis de factores y se emplearon modelos de regresión logística múltiple, para analizar aso­ciaciones. Resultados. Las prevalencias fueron: glucosa alterada 14.6%, hipertrigliceridemía 40.4%, lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDLc) bajas 45.0%, hipertensión 4.6% y SM de 30%. El patrón con alto consumo de tortilla de maíz, carnes y leguminosas se asoció con menor posibilidad de hipergluce­mia (OR= 0.62; IC95% 0.39-0.98). El patrón con alto consumo de botanas dulces y saladas, leche, arroz, sopas y pastas, se asoció inversamente con la posibilidad de baja concentración de HDLc (OR= 0.76; IC95% 0.60-0.97). Conclusiones. Un patrón dietético con mayor consumo de leguminosas, carne y tortilla de maíz se asoció con menor posibilidad de tener hiperglucemia.
Mermer Tozu ve Atık Lastik ile İyileştirilen Düşük Plastisiteli Killi Zeminlerin Dayanım Özellikleri
Authors: YARBAŞI Necmi
Published: June 2018

İklimsel değişiklikler, mühendislik yapılarının
(özellikle temel ve alt temel malzemesi olarak) geoteknik ve teknolojik
özelliklerini olumsuz olarak etkilemektedir. Bu olumsuz durumun kohezyonlu
zeminlerde çeşitli katkılar karıştırılarak azaltılması yönünde çeşitli
çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, mermer tozu ve atık lastik parçalarıyla
iyileştirilmiş düşük plastisiteli kırmızı killi birimin dayanımındaki
değişimler incelenmiştir. Kırmızı kil birimine 
% 0.5, % 1, % 2 atık lastik ve 
%5, %10, %15, %20 mermer tozu ilave edilerek 0 (3 saat), 1, 7, 28 gün ve
+21oC’deki dayanımları belirlenmiştir. Bu verilerden 28 günlük kür
sonrası %0.5 (2.00 mm) atık lastik ve %5 mermer tozu katkısıyla iyileştirilen
killi birimin en yüksek dayanım değeri verdiği belirlenmiştir. Bu karışıma
donma-çözülme deneyi uygulanmıştır. Sonuçta, %0.5 atık lastik (2.00 mm) ve %5 mermer
tozu ile iyileştirilen killi birimin dayanımında %5.1, ana malzeme olan kilde
ise %28.7 oranında azalma meydana gelmiştir. Mermer tozu ve atık lastik
parçaları ile iyileştirilen killi zeminin dayanımında, ana malzeme ile mukayese
edildiğinde belirgin bir iyileşme sağlanmıştır.
Spatiotemporal variability of annual and seasonal rainfall time series in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
Authors: Phuong Dang Nguyen Dong , Linh Vu Thuy , Nhat Tran Thong , Dung Ho Minh , Loi Nguyen Kim
Published: June 2018

This study analyzed spatial and temporal patterns of rainfall time series from 14 proportionally distributed stations in Ho Chi Minh City for the period 1980–2016. Both parametric and nonparametric approaches, specifically, linear regression, the Mann–Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator, were applied to detect and estimate the annual and seasonal trends after using original and notched boxplots for the preliminary interpretation. The outcomes showed high domination of positive trends in the annual and seasonal rainfall time series over the 37-year period, but most statistically significant trends were observed in the dry season. The results of trend estimation also indicated higher increasing rates of rainfall in the dry season compared to the rainy season at most stations. Even though the total amount of annual rainfall is mainly contributed by rainfall during the rainy season, the pronounced increment in the dry season can be a determining factor of possible changes in annual rainfall. Additionally, the interpolated results revealed a consistently increasing trend in the southeastern parts of the study area (i.e., Can Gio district), where annual rainfall was by far the lowest intensity compared to other regions.
Catalytic performances of Ni/Fe layered double hydroxides fabricated via different methods in Fenton-like processes
Authors: Wang Qian , Wang Xiaofei , Tian Bo
Published: June 2018

Nickel-iron hydrotalcites (NiFe-LDH) with various [Ni]/[Fe] ratios were prepared using co-precipitation method (NiFe-LDH CP) and hydrothermal method (NiFe-LDH HT), respectively. The crystal structure and chemical composition of NiFe-LDHs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) and scanning electron microscopy, and NiFe-LDHs were occupied as catalysts to establish heterogeneous Fenton systems for the degradation of methylene blue (MB). The catalytic potential of the catalysts was investigated through cyclic voltammetry analysis. The effects of the dosage of catalyst, initial solution pH and the amount of hydrogen peroxide on the removal of MB were investigated. The results showed that the optimum ratio of [Ni]/[Fe] in the preparation of NiFe-LDHs was 3. NiFe-LDH HT is much smaller and in uniform particle size, with better redox reversible characteristic and catalytic potential. The optimum conditions for the removal of MB catalyzed by NiFe-LDH CP and NiFe-LDH HT were both determined to be 0.15 g/L catalyst, 0.88 mmol/L hydrogen peroxide at pH 2, under which the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were 58.96% and 67.87%, respectively. The maximum apparent generation efficiency of ·OH were 46.21% and 49.24%, and NiFe-LDH CP and NiFe-LDH HT were verified to be of high stability.
Diethylphosphoryl-OxymaB (DEPO-B) as a Solid Coupling Reagent for Amide Bond Formation
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Jad Yahya E. , El-Faham Ayman , de la Torre Beatriz G. , Albericio Fernando
Published: June 2018

A new phosphonium based coupling reagent DEPO-B has been synthesized from 5-
(hydroxyimino)-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4,6 (1H,3H,5H)-trione (Oxyma B) and diethyl chlorophosphate
in presence of base. It is a solid material and the hydrolytic stability and solubility was evaluated
for confirming its capability for usage in automated peptide synthesizer.
Pericyclic Reactions in the Syntheses of Densely Functionalized Heterocylces
Authors: Qamar Rabia , Saeed Aamer
Published: June 2018

Background:

Pericyclic reactions characterized by a cyclic transition state, have been established as
a dominant approach for the synthesis of heterocyclic scaffolds owing to their tremendous efficacy, regioselectivity,
and enantioselectivity. Pericyclic chemistry is a promising and creative route to various biologically significant
five and six membered oxygen or nitrogen ring systems. Recognizing the reaction's potential, synthetic
organic chemists have invested significant efforts in developing and applying a seemingly endless array of useful
variations of pericyclic reactions.

Objective:

The driving force of this review is to focus the character of perfection and beauty inherent in these
powerful reaction pathways that lead to unique and densely functionalized heterocylic assemblies.

Conclusion:

In this review, we have presented recent strategic applications of pericyclic reactions that provide
quick access to molecular complexity with high efficiency. A summary of these illustrative examples will
showcase the extensive role of pericyclic chemistry in the construction of synthetically intimidating structural
motifs.
Cardiovascular Imaging for Guiding Interventional Therapy in Structural Heart Diseases
Authors: Rat Nora , Muntean Iolanda , Opincariu Diana , Gozar Liliana , Togănel Rodica , Chițu Monica
Published: June 2018

Development of interventional methods has revolutionized the treatment of structural
cardiac diseases. Given the complexity of structural interventions and the anatomical variability of
various structural defects, novel imaging techniques have been implemented in the current clinical
practice for guiding the interventional procedure and for selection of the device to be used. Three–
dimensional echocardiography is the most used imaging method that has improved the threedimensional
assessment of cardiac structures, and it has considerably reduced the cost of complications
derived from malalignment of interventional devices. Assessment of cardiac structures with
the use of angiography holds the advantage of providing images in real time, but it does not allow
an anatomical description. Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) and intracardiac ultrasonography
play major roles in guiding Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) or Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO)
closure and device follow-up, while TEE is the procedure of choice to assess the flow in the Left
Atrial Appendage (LAA) and the embolic risk associated with a decreased flow. On the other hand,
contrast CT and MRI have high specificity for providing a detailed description of structure, but
cannot assess the flow through the shunt or the valvular mobility. This review aims to present the
role of modern imaging techniques in pre-procedural assessment and intraprocedural guiding of
structural percutaneous interventions performed to close an ASD, a PFO, an LAA or a patent ductus
arteriosus.
Application of UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS to Identify Constituents of Erding Granule and Anti-hyperuricemia Effect
Authors: Chen Haifang , Yao Yun , Zhan Yuan , Jian Hui , Li Yan , Yang Shilin , Feng Yulin , Zhang Wugang
Published: June 2018

Background:

Erding granule (EDG) widely used as an agent with the effect of heat-clearing,
detoxifying, eliminating dampness, relieving jaundice and upper respiratory tract disease in clinical
application, but the systematic chemical information and anti-hyperuricemia effect of EDG was still
unclear.

Methods:

An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization
quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) method was utilized to
rapidly identify the chemical constituents of EDG. The anti-hyperuricemia effect of EDG was evaluated
based on the effect on xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity (in vitro) and lowering uric acid (in vivo).

Results:

198 compounds were tentatively separated and identified or characterized within 30 min by
UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF MS/MS. These compounds were categorized as 22 coumarins, 38 flavones, 67
alkaloids, 36 organic acids, 16 sesquiterpenes, 14 lignans and 5 the others constituents. Meanwhile,
EDG significantly decreases the serum urate level of hyperuricemic mice induced by potassium
oxonate, while EDG did not significantly decrease the serum urate level of hyperuricemic mice induced
by hypoxanthine and activity of xanthine oxidase in vitro.

Conclusion:

The method developed was rapid and sensitive to characterize the chemical constituents of
EDG, and provide a systematic view of chemical information for EDG. Furthermore, we first discovered
the anti-hyperuricemia effect of EDG and it would further provide the reference for clarifying the
mechanism of EDG on lowering uric acid.
Concept of Reverse Micelle Method For the Synthesis of Nano-Structured Materials
Authors: Lone Irfan Hussain , Radwan Nagi R.E. , Aslam Jeenat , Akhter Arifa
Published: June 2018

Synthesis of nanomaterials with desired shape and size is very important for their potential
applications. The properties of the nanoparticles synthesis not only vary with size but also changes
with shape and morphology which in turn depends on the synthesis methods. There are many synthesis
methods but among them reverse micellar method is one of the interesting chemical method and
is very useful technique for the synthesis of nanoparticles with desired shape and size. In this method
revere micelles are formed by least three components; two of them are non-miscible and the third
one is called surfactant which is characterized by amphiphilic properties.
Immobilized Nanoparticles-Mediated Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose for Clean Sugar Production: A Novel Approach
Authors: Gaikwad Swapnil , Ingle Avinash P. , da Silva Silvio Silverio , Rai Mahendra
Published: June 2018

Background:

Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is an expensive approach due to the high cost of an enzyme involved in the process. The goal of the current study was to apply magnetic nanomaterials as a support for immobilization of enzyme, which helps in the repeated use of immobilized enzyme for hydrolysis to make the process cost-effective. In addition, it will also provide stability to enzyme and increase its catalytic activity.

Objective:

The main aim of the present study is to immobilize cellulase enzyme on Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) in order to enable the enzyme to be re-used for clean sugar production from cellulose.

Methods:

MNPs were synthesized using chemical precipitation methods and characterized by different techniques. Further, cellulase enzyme was immobilized on MNPs and efficacy of free and immobilized cellulase for hydrolysis of cellulose was evaluated.

Results:

Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by immobilized enzyme showed enhanced catalytic activity after 48 hours compared to free enzyme. In first cycle of hydrolysis, immobilized enzyme hydrolyzed the cellulose and produced 19.5 ± 0.15 gm/L of glucose after 48 hours. On the contrary, free enzyme produced only 13.7 ± 0.25 gm/L of glucose in 48 hours. Immobilized enzyme maintained its stability and produced 6.15 ± 0.15 and 3.03 ± 0.25 gm/L of glucose in second and third cycle, respectively after 48 hours.

Conclusion:

This study will be very useful for sugar production because of enzyme binding efficiency and admirable reusability of immobilized enzyme, which leads to the significant increase in production of sugar from cellulosic materials.
Evaluation of the Influence of Clay Montmorillonite Content on the Aqueous Uptake of Lead and Zinc
Authors: Mu'azu Nuhu Dalhat
Published: June 2018

This study investigated the influence of montmorillonite content in a natural clay on the aqueous uptake of lead and zinc, using factorial design analysis. The effects of initial pH, montmorillonite content, initial metal concentration, and adsorbent mass on the sorption capacity of lead and zinc were evaluated using variance analysis. Increasing montmorillonite content had an insignificant effect on lead adsorption capacity whilst significantly influencing that of zinc. Comparable equilibrium sorption capacities for lead and zinc were achieved when the retention time for zinc adsorption was significantly increased and montmorillonite content was high. Under experimentally verified operating conditions, pseudo‐second‐order and pseudo‐first‐order kinetics, respectively, described the ions adsorption process with intraparticle diffusion not the sole rate‐controlling step. These results suggest that the montmorillonite content in natural clays exhibits distinct affinity behaviors towards the uptake of different heavy metals. This is expected to divergently influence processes such adsorption and electrokinetic remediation, for clays with differing montmorillonite content.
A Mobile-Based Comprehensive Weight Reduction Program for the Workplace (Health-On): Development and Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Han Min Kyu , Cho Belong , Kwon Hyuktae , Son Ki Young , Lee Hyejin , Lee Joo Kyung , Park Jinho
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

There is a growing interest in mobile technology for obesity management. Despite the known effectiveness of workplace-based weight loss programs, there are few studies on mobile phone–delivered interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop and verify an integrated and personalized mobile technology–based weight control program, named Health-On, optimized for workplaces.

METHODS

A weight reduction algorithm was developed for calorie prescription, continuous monitoring, periodic feedback and reevaluation, goal resetting, and offline intervention with behavior-changing strategies. A total of 30 obese volunteers (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) participated in the 12-week Health-On pilot program. The primary outcome was weight reduction, and secondary outcomes were improved anthropometric measures, metabolic profiles, and fat computed tomography measures, all assessed pre- and postintervention.

RESULTS

Health-On incorporated proprietary algorithms and several strategies intended to maximize adherence, using compatible online and offline interventions. The mean weight of 30 participants decreased by 5.8%, and median weight also decreased from 81.3 kg (interquartile range [IQR] 77.1-87.8) before intervention to 76.6 kg (IQR 70.8-79.5) after the 12-week intervention period (P<.001). The metabolic profiles and fat measures (blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, and visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue; P<.05) also improved significantly.

CONCLUSIONS

In this single-group evaluation of 30 participants before and after the Health-On program, body weight decreased and metabolic profiles and fat measures improved. Follow-up studies are needed to assess effectiveness and long-term adherence.
A Game-Based School Program for Mental Health Literacy and Stigma Regarding Depression (Moving Stories): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Tuijnman Anouk , Kleinjan Marloes , Hoogendoorn Evert , Granic Isabela , Engels Rutger CME
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms among youth in most western societies is high. Yet, most adolescents who are experiencing depressive symptoms do not seek help. Low mental health literacy, high stigma, and low social support have been shown to hinder help-seeking. A small number of interventions has been developed to target mental health literacy and stigma, but few focus on actual help-seeking and first aid behavior. We have developed a game-based school program called Moving Stories that targets mental health literacy, including knowledge and behavior, and stigma among adolescents, in regard to depression specifically.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim is to describe the protocol for a study that will test the effectiveness of the program Moving Stories in a Dutch adolescent sample. We hypothesize that adolescents who participate in the program Moving Stories will have better mental health literacy and less stigma regarding depression compared to adolescents in the nonintervention control group at posttest and at 3- and 6-months follow-up. We also expect a positive change in actual help-seeking and first aid behavior at 3- and 6-months follow-up.

METHODS

Moving Stories has been developed by a professional game design company in collaboration with researchers and relevant stakeholders. The effectiveness of Moving Stories will be tested through a randomized controlled trial with two conditions: Moving Stories versus control. Participants will fill in questionnaires at pretest, posttest, and 3- and 6-months follow-up. Our power analysis showed a required sample size of 180 adolescents.

RESULTS

Four high schools have agreed to participate with a total of 10 classes. A total of 185 adolescents filled in the pretest questionnaire. The last of the follow-up data was collected in December 2018.

CONCLUSIONS

If Moving Stories proves to be effective, it could be implemented as a school-based program to target mental health literacy and stigma regarding depression; this could, in turn, improve early help-seeking in adolescents suffering from depression.

CLINICALTRIAL

Nederlands Trial Register NTR7033; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6855

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

DERR1-10.2196/11255
An Interactive Virtual Reality Tour for Adolescents Receiving Proton Radiation Therapy: Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)
Authors: Galvez Jorge , Eisenhower Melanie , England William , Wartman Elicia , Simpao Allan , Rehman Mohamed , Lustig Robert , Hribar Michelle
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Child life therapists provide patient education for children undergoing radiation therapy to assist in coping with and understanding their treatment.

OBJECTIVE

This proof-of-concept study aimed to determine the feasibility of incorporating a 360-degree video tour via a virtual reality system for children scheduled to receive radiation therapy. The secondary objective was to qualitatively describe each subject’s virtual reality experience.

METHODS

Children aged ≥13 years scheduled to receive proton radiation therapy were included in the study. Subjects watched the 360-degree video of the radiation therapy facility in an immersive virtual reality environment with a child life therapist experienced in coaching children receiving radiation therapy and completed a survey after the tour.

RESULTS

Eight subjects consented to participate in the study, and six subjects completed the 360-degree video tour and survey. All the enrolled patients completed the tour successfully. Two subjects did not complete the survey. Two subjects requested to pause the tour to ask questions about the facility. Five subjects said the tour was helpful preparation before undergoing proton radiation therapy. Subjects stated that the tour was helpful because “it showed [them] what’s to come” and was helpful to see “what it’s like to lay in the machine.” One subject said, “it made me feel less nervous.” Six subjects stated that they would like to see this type of tour available for other areas of the hospital, such as diagnostic imaging rooms. None of the subjects experienced nausea or vomiting.

CONCLUSIONS

The 360-degree video tour allowed patients to explore the treatment facility in a comfortable environment. Participants felt that the tour was beneficial and would appreciate seeing other parts of the hospital in this manner.
Mobile Technology for Community Health in Ghana: Is Maternal Messaging and Provider Use of Technology Cost-Effective in Improving Maternal and Child Health Outcomes at Scale? (Preprint)
Authors: Willcox Michelle , Moorthy Anitha , Mohan Diwakar , Romano Karen , Hutchful David , Mehl Garrett , Labrique Alain , LeFevre Amnesty
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Mobile technologies are emerging as tools to enhance health service delivery systems and empower clients to improve maternal, newborn, and child health. Limited evidence exists on the value for money of mobile health (mHealth) programs in low- and middle-income countries.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to forecast the incremental cost-effectiveness of the Mobile Technology for Community Health (MOTECH) initiative at scale across 170 districts in Ghana.

METHODS

MOTECH’s “Client Data Application” allows frontline health workers to digitize service delivery information and track the care of patients. MOTECH’s other main component, the “Mobile Midwife,” sends automated educational voice messages to mobile phones of pregnant and postpartum women. We measured program costs and consequences of scaling up MOTECH over a 10-year analytic time horizon. Economic costs were estimated from informant interviews and financial records. Health effects were modeled using the Lives Saved Tool with data from an independent evaluation of changes in key services coverage observed in Gomoa West District. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were presented overall and for each year of implementation. Uncertainty analyses assessed the robustness of results to changes in key parameters.

RESULTS

MOTECH was scaled in clusters over a 3-year period to reach 78.7% (170/216) of Ghana’s districts. Sustaining the program would cost US $17,618 on average annually per district. Over 10 years, MOTECH could potentially save an estimated 59,906 lives at a total cost of US $32 million. The incremental cost per disability-adjusted life year averted ranged from US $174 in the first year to US $6.54 in the tenth year of implementation and US $20.94 (95% CI US $20.34-$21.55) over 10 years. Uncertainty analyses suggested that the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was most sensitive to changes in health effects, followed by personnel time. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses suggested that MOTECH had a 100% probability of being cost-effective above a willingness-to-pay threshold of US $50.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to estimate the value for money of the supply- and demand-side of an mHealth initiative. The adoption of MOTECH to improve MNCH service delivery and uptake represents good value for money in Ghana and should be considered for expansion. Integration with other mHealth solutions, including e-Tracker, may provide opportunities to continue or combine beneficial components of MOTECH to achieve a greater impact on health.
Features, Behavioral Change Techniques, and Quality of the Most Popular Mobile Apps to Measure Physical Activity: Systematic Search in App Stores (Preprint)
Authors: Simões Patrícia , Silva Anabela G , Amaral João , Queirós Alexandra , Rocha Nelson P , Rodrigues Mário
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

It is estimated that 23% of adults and 55% of older adults do not meet the recommended levels of physical activity. Thus, improving the levels of physical activity is of paramount importance, but it requires the use of low-cost resources that facilitate universal access without depleting the health system. The high number of apps available constitutes an opportunity, but it also makes it quite difficult for the layperson to select the most appropriate app. Furthermore, the information available in the app stores is often insufficient, lacks quality, and is not evidence based, and the systematic reviews fail to assess app quality using standardized and validated instruments.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to systematically assess the features, content, and quality of the most popular apps that can be used to measure and, potentially, promote physical activity.

METHODS

Systematic searches were conducted on Apple App Store, Google Play, and Windows Phone Store between December 2017 and January 2018. Apps were included if their primary objective was to assess the aspects of physical activity, if they had a user rating of at least 4, if their number of ratings was ≥100, and if they were free. Apps meeting these criteria were independently assessed by two reviewers regarding their general and technical information, aspects of physical activity, presence of behavioral change techniques, and quality. Data were analyzed using means and SDs or frequencies and percentages.

RESULTS

Of 51 apps included, none specified the age of the target group and only one mentioned the involvement of health professionals. Most apps offered the possibility to work in background (n=50) and allowed data sharing (n=40). Regarding physical activity, most apps measured steps and distance (n=11) or steps, distance, and time (n=17). Only 18 apps, all of which measured number of steps, followed the guidelines on recommendations for physical activity. On average, 5.5 (SD 1.8) behavioral change techniques were identified per app; the most frequently used techniques were “provide feedback on performance” (n=50) and “prompt self-monitoring of behavior” (n=50). The overall quality score was 3.88 (SD 0.34).

CONCLUSIONS

Although the overall quality of the apps was moderate, the quality of their content, particularly the use of international guidelines on physical activity, should be improved. Additionally, a more in-depth assessment of apps should be performed before releasing them for public use, particularly regarding their reliability and validity.
Determination of secondary and tertiary structures of cervical cancer lncRNA diagnostic and siRNA therapeutic biomarkers
Authors: Parikesit Arli Aditya , Utomo Didik Huswo , Karimah Nihayatul
Published: June 2018

Cervical cancer is one of the primary causes of mortality in women due to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. The fingerprint of an HPV infection could be detected using a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) biomarker, enabling it to be utilized in molecular diagnostics. The primary structure or sequences of RNA should be annotated within conventional bioinformatics tools. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the fine-grained 2D and 3D structures of lncRNA PVT1 and its respective siRNA inhibitors. lncRNA PVT1 sequences from Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, and Rattus norvegicus were retrieved from Genbank (NCBI). Prediction of the 2D structure and analysis of the interactions of the lncRNA and siRNA were performed using the Vienna RNA package. The 3D structure of the RNA was computed using the SimRNA and ModeRNA software programs. The results showed that lncRNA PVT1 from H. sapiens and M. musculus had a conserved region. However, the lncRNA from both H. sapiens and M. musculus showed a low conserved region, and the 2D structure could not be determined; thus, the annotation and 2D model focused only on H. sapiens. Both of their lncRNA PVT1 also had a short half-life in the cell. Based on the 3D modeling pipeline, the 3D model of lncRNA PVT1 showed the stability and possible function as molecules, while the PVT1 siRNA-lncRNA interaction analysis revealed that the molecules could bind well. Based on these findings, the structures of both lncRNA PVT1 and its siRNA have the potential to be utilized as biomarkers.
The aqueous extract of Gerrardanthus macrorhizus caudex enhanced doxorubicin activity in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells
Authors: Haryanti Sari , Widiyastuti Yuli , Wahyono Slamet
Published: June 2018

Gerrardanthus macrorhizus (GM) caudex, is traditionally used in cancer therapy by the Tetun people in Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, where it is known as “akar batu”. This study aimed to explore the cytotoxic effects of G. macrorhizus caudex aqueous extract, as well as its combination with doxorubicin, on MCF-7 cells. Also investigated were the possible mechanisms of interaction through cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction. Single treatments of 5–320 µg/mL of the extract showed morphological alterations in MCF-7 cells, but did not show any cytotoxic effect. Combining the extract with doxorubicin resulted in a synergistic cytotoxic effect. Doxorubicin concentrations equivalent to 1/12, 1/8, and 1/5 fold of the IC50 combined with 20 µg/mL decreased viability to 48%. We then explored the combination effect of doxorubicin 0.4 µM with GM 5 and 20 µg/mL using a flow cytometer. A low concentration of the extract (5 µg/mL) combined with 0.4 µM of doxorubicin resulted in slight cell cycle modulation by G1, G2M arrested and apoptosis induction. The combination of doxorubicin and a higher concentration of the extract (20 µg/mL) did not show cell cycle modulation, and led to necrosis. Therefore, G. macrorhizus caudex at low concentrations has the potential to be developed further as a co-chemotherapeutic agent.
MicroRNA-21 as a biomarker for ovarian cancer detection
Authors: Kartika Aprilia Indra , Chasanah Siti Nur , Fitriawan Akbar Satria , Tanjung Dewi Sahfitri , Trirahmanto Addin , Pradjatmo Heru , Aryandono Teguh , Haryana Sofia Mubarika
Published: June 2018

Ovarian cancer is a lethal disease. One of the problems faced by patients with ovarian cancer is the lack of symptoms in its early stages, which results in it only being detected when it is at an advanced stage. Therefore, there is an urgent need for biomarkers that can predict ovarian cancer precisely. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of microRNA-21 as a predictive biomarker candidate in both early- and advanced-stage ovarian cancer. This was a cross-sectional study using the blood plasma of 21 healthy control subjects and 37 blood plasma samples from patients with ovarian cancer. Blood plasmas were collected, from which the RNA was isolated. Based on the RNA, the cDNA was synthesized and run through qPCR, the results of which were analyzed using the Livak method. The results showed an upregulation of microRNA-21 in the advanced stage by 2.14 fold compared with the early stage, and 6.13 fold compared with the healthy controls (p < 0.05). The upregulation of microRNA-21 in early-stage ovarian cancer was 2.86 fold compared with the healthy control subjects (p < 0.05). In addition, there was an increase in the expression of microRNA-21 in ovarian cancer by 4.14 fold compared with the healthy controls (p < 0.05). Based on these results, it can be concluded that the expression of microRNA 21 upregulated with the severity of the disease.
Speaking about science: a student-led training program improves graduate students' skills in public communication
Authors: Clarkson Melissa D. , Houghton Juliana , Chen William , Rohde Jessica
Published: June 2018

We present an assessment of the Engage program, a graduate-student-created and led training program at the University of Washington. Using a pre-course/post-course study design, we examined student ability to deliver a short presentation appropriate for a public audience. Based on both self-assessments and assessments by external reviewers, we show that Engage trainees had an increase in their ability to employ effective communication techniques.
Crianças e Adolescentes com Condições Crônicas Falam Sobre Saúde
Authors: Castro Barbara Da Silveira Madeira de , Moreira Martha Cristina Nunes , Szapiro Ana Maria
Published: June 2018

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com crianças e adolescentes com condições crônicas complexas internados em um hospital de referência localizado no município do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar os sentidos atribuídos por estas crianças e adolescentes à ideia de saúde. Como metodologia foi utilizada a perspectiva etnográfica. A observação participante e diferentes abordagens lúdicas foram utilizadas de modo a possibilitar a expressão das crianças e dos adolescentes garantindo, assim, o protagonismo deles como sujeitos da pesquisa.Ao longo do estudo ressaltou-se nas crianças sobretudo a capacidade normativa destas, capacidade a que se refere à Georges Canguilhem (1978) em sua obra “ O Normal e o Patológico” que encontramos presente em todas as circunstâncias do adoecimento como modos de lidar com as difíceis situações de sofrimento inerentes às condições crônicas.
A Analítica da Subjetivação em Michel Foucault
Authors: Ferreira Neto João Leite J L
Published: June 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a analítica da subjetivação desenvolvida nas pesquisas de Foucault. Paralelamente a isso, buscou-se explorar as possibilidades de operacionalização dessa analítica, em pesquisas qualitativas. Trabalhou-se principalmente com os cursos nos quais Foucault investigou a subjetividade como prática de liberdade, a partir de 1978 e com textos e entrevistas do mesmo período. A passagem entre uma subjetivação que se faz sob práticas coercitivas a uma subjetivação reflexiva mais autônoma, ocorreu em decorrência de sua pesquisa sobre governamentalidade. A subjetivação passou a ser pensada a partir de dois vetores: as práticas de assujeitamento e as práticas de si. O segundo vetor foi explorado a partir de 1980, estando associado à atitude crítica em relação à governamentalidade, tendo um caráter coletivo, institucional e político. O trabalho de pesquisa, como modo de pensar diferentemente do que se pensava antes, constitui-se para Foucault um importante dispositivo de subjetivação contemporâneo.
A Saúde e o Psicotrópico no Sistema Prisional
Authors: Moulin Brunow Freitas Mariana , Caliman Luciana Vieira
Published: June 2018

A saúde e o uso do psicotrópico no sistema prisional habitam um paradoxo. As práticas de saúde podem fortalecer estratégias de controle e produzir mortificação, como podem escapar dos investimentos biopolíticos e produzir resistência. Afirma-se que as condições de confinamento são paupérrimas e contribuem para a prevalência de doenças infectocontagiosas. Diante desta realidade, foi aprovada a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde das Pessoas Privadas de Liberdade no Sistema Prisional (PNAISP), em 2014, em consonância com os princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde, visando garantir a integralidade e a universalidade de acesso aos serviços de saúde para a população penitenciária. Neste contexto, esse artigo buscou apresentar as práticas de saúde e o uso do psicotrópico no sistema prisional da Penitenciária de Segurança Máxima II, localizada no Complexo Penitenciário de Viana, no Espírito Santo.
Editorial
Authors: Nardi Henrique , Guareschi Neuza Maria de , Hamann Cristiano
Published: June 2018

Editorial da Revista Polis e Psique, ano 2017, edição 3.
O Cuidado nos CAPS numa Região de Saúde Maranhense / Care in a Psycho-social Care Centre in a Health Care Region in Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Borges Karenn Cynthia Santos Silva , Rodrigues Julia Marinho , Gonçalves Laura Lamas Martins , Souza Polliana Carolina da Silva , Souza Tadeu De Paula , Lamy Zeni Carvalho
Published: June 2018

A partir da Reforma Psiquiátrica, os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial assumiram a função de serviços substitutivos e ordenadores da rede em saúde mental. O objetivo do presente estudo foi compreender o cuidado em saúde mental e as articulações com a rede de atenção à saúde na perspectiva dos profissionais dos CAPS. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa realizada com profissionais de CAPS em uma região de saúde do nordeste brasileiro. Foi realizado um grupo focal e utilizado um questionário estruturado. Através da Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade Temática as falas foram agrupadas em três categorias: entre o preconizado e a prática; a articulação em rede; o usuário, ora sujeito, ora doente mental. Concluiu-se que a presença do CAPS, por si só, não garante um novo modelo de atenção. Faz-se necessário apoio das gestões municipais na consolidação do cuidado em rede, pactuação de fluxo do cuidado e supervisão clínico-institucional eficiente.Palavras-chave: Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde; Desinstitucionalização; Serviços de Saúde Mental; Saúde Mental.