bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A equidade no trabalho cotidiano do SUS: representações sociais de profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Carvalho Alessandra Montezano de Paula , Silva Girlene Alves da , Rabello Elaine Teixeira
Published: November 2020

Resumo Introdução Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo sobre o princípio da equidade utilizando a Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS) como referencial teórico-metodológico. Objetivo Analisar as representações sociais do princípio da equidade segundo os profissionais de saúde da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Método Foram realizadas entrevistas com uso de roteiro semiestruturado com enfermeiros, médicos e cirurgiões-dentistas que atuam na ESF. Os discursos foram sistematizados com o software OpenLogos e analisados de acordo com a estratégia de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin, tomando a perspectiva conceitual da TRS como base de discussão. Resultados As categorias analíticas do estudo foram: “as representações sociais dos profissionais sobre a equidade como princípio do SUS” e “as representações dos profissionais sobre a equidade na prática profissional”. As entrevistas apontam para um entendimento não único de equidade entre os participantes. Além disso, a operacionalização desse princípio é circunscrita pela percepção individual do termo sob as premissas de “equidade em saúde” ou “equidade no uso de serviços de saúde”. Conclusão Os resultados apontam para as noções de equidade subjacentes à lógica do cuidado no contexto brasileiro, levando em conta o orçamento limitado e as grandes demandas do sistema de saúde.
COMPLIANCE TO SAFETY BARRIERS IN THE MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION PROCESS IN PEDIATRICS
Authors: Vória Jessica Oliveira , Padula Bruna Luiza Diniz , Abreu Mery Natali Silva , Correa Allana dos Reis , Rocha Patricia Kuerten , Manzo Bruna Figueiredo
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the compliance to safety barriers adopted in the preparation and administration of intravenous drugs in Pediatric and Pediatric Intensive Care Units. Method: exploratory, observational descriptive study, conducted with the nursing team of a pediatric intensive care unit and a pediatric clinic of a large public hospital in Belo Horizonte, from August to November 2017. Results: the sample consisted of 334 opportunities to observe the preparation and administration of medications in pediatric patients. Most of the actions were performed by female professionals, nursing technicians and civil servants. The professionals did not perform all the necessary safety barriers in any of the procedures. The hygiene of the preparation site, disinfection of the ampoule, connection, conference of the drug/dose/route administered with the prescription and double checking of the drugs were those that had the lowest compliance. Conclusion: the study highlights the fragility regarding compliance to safety barriers in the preparation and administration of medicines, resulting in a risk to the safety of hospitalized children. Continued education based on good practice is believed to be an important strategy for security.
Emotional labor in pediatric nursing considering the repercussions of covid-19 in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Freitas Bruna Hinnah Borges Martins de , Costa Ana Inês Lourenço da , Diogo Paula Manuela Jorge , Gaíva Maria Aparecida Munhoz
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the emotional labor in pediatric nursing considering the repercussions of COVID-19 in childhood and adolescence. Method: Reflexion based on theoretical aspects and scientific evidence of emotional labor in pediatric nursing. Results: Given the repercussions of COVID-19 on children and adolescents, it is up to the nurse to recognize them and nurture a non-traumatic and affectionate care. However, measures to control the disease affect the care provided. In this context, emotional labor process become essential, as they guide the management of the child's and family's emotions, associated with the suffering caused by the pandemic and the nurse's emotional experience when caring. Conclusion: Emotional support and care processes are essential in pediatrics, especially in a stressful time such as a pandemic, which requires the positive transformation of the intense and disturbing experiences of people for them to achieve psychosocial well-being.
IDENTIFICATION OF PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES IN TRIPLOID AND TETRAPLOID BANANAS IN BRAZIL
Authors: MONTEIRO JESSICA DA MATA SANTOS , SANTOS JANSEN RODRIGO PEREIRA , CARES JUVENIL ENRIQUE , MARCHÃO ROBÉLIO LEANDRO , AMORIM EDSON PERITO , COSTA DILSON DA CUNHA
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Nematodes are important pathogens in banana plants, and the lack of resistant genotypes is the biggest challenge of the banana breeding programs. Little is known on the behavior of banana triploids and tetraploids developed by Embrapa regarding parasitism by plant-parasitic nematodes in field conditions. Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura experimental areas, naturally infested in five Brazilian states (Embrapa Acre - Acre, Embrapa Semiárido - Pernambuco, Embrapa Cerrados - Distrito Federal, Palmital - São Paulo and Epagri - Santa Catarina) were evaluated for the distribution and population levels of plant-parasitic nematodes in commercial cultivars and triploid and tetraploid genotypes in the final breeding stage. The root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) were the most frequent in roots (40 - 100%) and soil (85.71 - 100%), with a detectable number of juveniles (J2) varying between genotypes (4 - 148 J2.250g-1 roots, and 1 - 110 J2.100 cm-3soil). Four esterase phenotypes were characterized: M. incognita (Est I1 = Rm: 1.0), M. javanica (Est J3 = Rm: 1.0; 1.25 and 1.40 and Est J2 = Rm: 1.0 and 1.40) and M. arenaria (Est A2 = Rm: 1.20 and 1.35), M. javanica (Est J3) was predominant. Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita were predominant, however mixed infestations between species were found. The occurrence of Meloidogyne spp. was: M. javanica (68.26%), M. incognita (64.73%) and M. arenaria (16.81%). Helicotylenchus multicinctus and Rotylenchulus reniformis was the second most frequent group. Radopholus similis, Scutellonema sp., Criconemoides sp. and Helicotylenchus sp. presented themselves in low frequency and population levels in banana plants.
GENETIC SIMILARITY OF Macrophomina pseudophaseolina ISOLATES ASSOCIATED WITH WEEDS IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMIARID REGION
Authors: COSTA TALISON EUGÊNIO DA , NEGREIROS ANDRÉIA MITSA PAIVA , SOUZA MATHEUS DE FREITAS , JÚNIOR RUI SALES , HOLANDA IONÁ SANTOS ARAÚJO
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Macrophomina pseudophaseolina has recently been reported in association with weeds in melon producing areas in Northeastern Brazil. Species from this genus are the causal agents of root rot and vine decline (RRVD) in melon, reducing its productivity. It is needed to know the genetic variability of the pathogen to develop effective control methods. Thus, this work aimed to assess the genetic diversity among M. pseudophaseolina isolates collected from the weeds Trianthema portulacastrum L. and Boerhavia diffusa L. using ISSR and RAPD markers. For this, 41 M. pseudophaseolina isolates were submitted to amplification with five ISSR and ten RAPD primers. Genetic similarity was analyzed using the Jaccard’s coefficient and cluster analysis was performed by the UPGMA method. Combining data from both markers, the 41 isolates were separated into eight groups. Most groups were not arranged according to geographical origin and host of the pathogen. The genetic similarity among isolates ranged from 0.15 to 0.87. On the other hand, the highest genetic dissimilarity (85%) was observed between the isolate MpBr11, collected from T. portulacastrum in Icapuí (CE), and MpBr65, collected from B. diffusa in Assú (RN). Results obtained herein can assist breeding programs for the selection of resistance sources and the development of effective control methods against RRVD in melon.
AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SUGARCANE INOCULATED WITH Nitrospirillum amazonense (BR11145)
Authors: REIS VERÔNICA MASSENA , RIOS FABIANO APARECIDO , BRAZ GUILHERME BRAGA PEREIRA , CONSTANTIN JAMIL , HIRATA ERIC SEIJI , BIFFE DENIS FERNANDO
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Sugarcane cultivation areas are usually characterized by low soil fertility and high nutrient demand, especially for nitrogen. Technologies that can raise crop yield and lower the use of pesticides and fertilizers are among the main needs of this crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of sugarcane after in-furrow application of the diazotrophic bacterium Nitrospirillum amazonense (BR11145). The treatments consisted of applying five doses of N. amazonense-based product to the planting furrow, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 L commercial product (c.p.) ha-1; a treatment consisting of the combination of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis; one control without fertilization; and one control with fertilization. Based on the results obtained from the pooled analysis of two field experiments, the N. amazonense-based product improved the growth parameters of sugarcane plants, and at doses of 1.0 and 1.5 L c.p. ha-1, these benefits resulted in a significant increase in yield and in the amount of sugar per hectare. Inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria can benefit sugarcane, especially because it promotes the growth and yield of the crop similarly to fertilizers.
QUALITY OF VIRUS-FREE GARLIC GROWN UNDER HIGH ALTITUDE CONDITIONS IN THE SEMIARID REGION OF THE NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL
Authors: BESSA ANTONIA TAMIRES MONTEIRO , NEGREIROS MARIA ZULEIDE DE , LOPES WELDER DE ARAÚJO RANGEL , PAIVA LAÍZA GOMES DE , SILVA OTACIANA MARIA DOS PRAZERES DA
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Garlic is a vegetable rich in starch and in aromatic substances; it has high value as a spice and is consumed as a fresh vegetable or in processed products. The garlic market demand has been growing in the last years, and virus-free garlic seed is a technology that can result in better quality products. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of virus-free garlic cultivars (VFGC) grown under high altitude conditions in the Semiarid region of the Northeast of Brazil. Three experiments were conducted in 2018 in Portalegre, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil: the first experiment with first-generation VFGC (G1), the second with second-generation VFGC (G2), and the third with infected cultivars (without clonal cleaning). The experiments were conducted in randomized block experimental design, with four replications. The treatments consisted of five garlic cultivars (Amarante, Branco-Mossoró, Cateto-Roxo, Gravatá, and Hozan). The use of virus-free garlic seeds results in bulbs with larger diameter and higher soluble solid and total solid contents, pungency, and industrial yield, showing that the seed health is important for the quality of garlics for fresh consumption and industrial processing. The cultivars Amarante, Cateto -Roxo, and Hozan had the highest total solid contents; and the cultivar Hozan had the largest bulb diameter and the highest soluble solid contents, pungency, and industrial index. The cultivar Hozan is the most indicated for dehydration due to its higher industrial index. Bulb diameter, pungency, and industrial index presented positive correlations with soluble solids, pungency, and industrial index.
ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES ON CONTROL OF MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)
Authors: ROHDE CRISTHIANE , MERTZ NATÁLIA RAMOS , JUNIOR ALCIDES MOINO
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) is one of the world's major pests infesting fruit crops, causing significant losses. However, this insect has a soil phase and is a potential target for entomopathogenic nematodes. The objective of this work was to test the efficiency of the nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae ALL and Heterorhabditis amazonensis JPM4 in controlling larvae and pupae of Ceratitis capitata. Petri dishes with filter paper or pots with 200 g of soil were used to assess different nematode concentrations; 20 individuals (larvae or pupae) were placed in each container and the nematode suspension was applied at concentrations of 0, 140, 180, 220, 260, and 300 IJs (infective juveniles) cm-2. The nematode horizontal movement was tested using pots with soil and a metal screen at every 10 cm to define different distances (0, 10, 20, and 30 cm from the application site). Ten larvae and ten pupae were transferred to every distance; 10 mL of the nematode suspension (220 IJs cm-2) were applied at the distance zero; 10 mL of the nematode suspension with 220 IJs cm-2 was applied to each pot, using ten larvae and ten pupae for each evaluation time (0, 10, 20, and 30 days after application of nematodes) to study the effectiveness of these nematodes over time. Both nematodes killed C. capitata larvae and pupae, but S. carpocapsae ALL was the most effective. However, this nematode showed no ability for horizontal movement, which was found in H. amazonensis JPM4 nematodes. Both nematodes showed decreasing efficiency over time.
EVALUATION OF VIABILITY OF Tabebuia aurea SEEDS THROUGH TETRAZOLIUM TEST
Authors: BRITO WASHINGTON APARECIDO DA LUZ , PEREIRA KLEANE TARGINO OLIVEIRA , NOGUEIRA NARJARA WALESSA , TORRES SALVADOR BARROS , PAIVA EMANOELA PEREIRA DE
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The viability of T. aurea seeds is evaluated through the germination test, taking 21 days, which makes it difficult to obtain quick information about the viability of its seeds. In this context, using the tetrazolium test as an evaluation method would be appropriate because it provides faster and more reliable information for several species. In view of the above, the objective of this study was to adapt the tetrazolium test methodology to evaluate the viability of T. aurea seeds. Initially, the imbibition curve was constructed to determine the appropriate hydration period for the seeds and the germination test was conducted, both for evaluating the initial quality and for comparison with the tetrazolium test results. For the tetrazolium test, the seeds were hydrated for 24 hours, then their coats were removed and the seeds were immersed in tetrazolium solutions. The concentrations used were 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1% for three staining periods 2, 4 and 6 hours, at 35 and 40 °C, in the absence of light. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 3 + 1 factorial scheme (three concentrations of tetrazolium solution x three staining periods + one control = germination test) with four replicates of 25 seeds. Tetrazolium test was adequate to evaluate the viability of T. aurea seeds using the concentration of 0.05% for four hours at 40 °C.
SEED QUALITY AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF A CULTIVATED POPULATION OF Mimosa caesalpiniifolia BENTH
Authors: ARAÚJO FERNANDO DOS SANTOS , FELIX FRANCIVAL CARDOSO , FERRARI CIBELE DOS SANTOS , VIEIRA FÁBIO DE ALMEIDA , PACHECO MAURO VASCONCELOS
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. (Fabaceae) is a native tree of the dry tropical forests of northeastern Brazil and can be exploited for logging and reforestation purposes. This study evaluated the physiological quality of seeds and the genetic diversity of a cultivated population of M. caesalpiniifolia, against the background of potential commercial seed production. Nine trees were used in the study. The quality of their seeds was evaluated by germination and vigour tests, and their genetic diversity was accessed using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). The studied tree group presents a moderate genetic diversity and produces seeds with high physiological quality, but with subtle vigour differences, which can be detected by electrical conductivity and potassium leaching tests. Our results suggest that these trees are potentially suitable for commercial seed production.
APPLICATIONS OF ISSR MARKERS IN STUDIES OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF Pityrocarpa moniliformis
Authors: FELIX FRANCIVAL CARDOSO , CHAGAS KYVIA PONTES TEIXEIRA DAS , FERRARI CIBELE DOS SANTOS , VIEIRA FÁBIO DE ALMEIDA , PACHECO MAURO VASCONCELOS
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Pityrocarpa moniliformis (Benth.) Luckow & R. W. Jobson (Fabaceae) is a native brazilian species with high potential for economic development programs in semiarid regions, mainly related to the production of honey, animal food and firewood. Thus, the objective of this work was to select Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular markers for genetic diversity studies, as well as to test the efficiency of this approach in quantifying the genetic diversity of a natural P. moniliformis population. For this, 28 ISSR molecular markers were tested, evaluating the total number of loci, polymorphism rate and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) for the selected primers, the “Marker Index”, and the “Resolving Power”. Genetic diversity parameters (Nei genetic distance and Shannon index) were evaluated for 30 individuals located in Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Seven primers were selected, which provided 74 loci, with 82% being polymorphic, while the PIC value was 0.344. The Nei genetic distance was 0.244, and the Shannon index was 0.374. Therefore, ISSR molecular markers (UBC 827, 840, 844, 857, 859, 860 and 873) are considered efficient in studying the genetic diversity of populations for the selection of matrices and germplasm banks, and may contribute to the conservation and genetic improvement of P. moniliformis populations.
INCREASE IN WATER-SCARCITY RISK IN A BRAZILIAN DRY-REGION RESERVOIR
Authors: GIL MARGARITA MARIA LÓPEZ , ARAÚJO JOSÉ CARLOS DE , MONTENEGRO SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA , VALENÇA JULIANA MARIA DE MORAIS SOBREIRA
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT This study assesses the extent to which silting increases water-scarcity risk, considering the temporal reduction of water availability and increased demand using land use and water-demand scenarios at the transition of Caatinga and Cerrado biomes of the Bocaina reservoir watershed (103hm4), in the Brazilian dry region. Methodological steps were: reservoir silting measured in-situ 20 years after dam construction; climate variables computed with the aid of a conventional station (2005-2014); soil erodibility assessed using 16 soil samples; and topography and land cover estimated based on 21 years of Landsat imagery. Three land use scenarios were generated (invariability, degradation and preservation) with the climate scenario derived from the semi-arid rainfall temporal variability; whereas two water-demand scenarios (invariability and higher efficiency) were a function of the efficiency of the irrigation systems. Water availability was calculated using the volume-yield elasticity (VYELAS) Model. The field results (1985-2015) showed a gross erosion rate of 13.5 Mg-ha-1 -yr-1 in the basin. The annual sediment yield (1.7 Mg-ha-1) and the decadal reservoir silting (1.0%) were below regional average due to the low sediment delivery ratio (12.6%) in the area. Scenario projections (2040) suggest water demand may double if irrigation methods do not improve, whereas siltation may cause water availability to decrease up to 10% in the period. In this case, the water-supply reliability will be below the recommended standard value (90%), regardless of the land use scenario. Nevertheless, simultaneous soil preservation and improved irrigation efficiency can reduce the decadal water-scarcity risk from 82% (worst scenario) to 17%.
EFFECT OF SOIL COMPACTION AND CO-INOCULATION WITH Azospirillum brasilense ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEANUT PLANTS
Authors: NEVES LAURA CRISTINA REZENDE DAS , GUIMARÃES SALOMÃO LIMA , BONFIM-SILVA EDNA MARIA , SOUZA ANALY CASTILHO POLIZEL DE , CAMPOS DANIELA TIAGO DA SILVA
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inoculation with rhizobium and co -inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense on phytometric characteristics of peanut plants grown in Latossolo Vermelho (Oxisol) with and without compaction. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, with a randomized block design in a 5x2 factorial scheme and 4 replicates, totaling 40 experimental units. Treatments were composed by commercial inoculant for peanuts (SEMIA 6144 strain); MT 15 strain; combination of MT 15 + A. brasilense; nitrogen control and absolute control. Plant height, number of leaves, number of branches per plant, stem diameter and Falker chlorophyll index were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and, when significant, to Tukey test at 1% probability level. For the variables plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and stem diameter, the results were similar for all treatments, except for the absolute control and number of branches at 90 days after emergence (DAE) and stem diameter at 30 and 90 DAE. For stem diameter at 30 DAE, the results were similar to those found in the treatments with co -inoculation, commercial inoculant and nitrogen fertilization. There was interaction for Falker chlorophyll index at 60 DAE, with the best result found in the MT 15 strain. Inoculation with MT15 and co-inoculation with A. brasilense promoted good performance in peanut crop in terms of phytometric characteristics in soil with and without compaction.
CAULIFLOWER GROWTH AND YIELD IN A HYDROPONIC SYSTEM WITH BRACKISH WATER
Authors: COSTA LEANDRO FERREIRA DA , SOARES TALES MILER , SILVA MAIRTON GOMES DA , MODESTO FRANCISCO JOSÉ NUNES , QUEIROZ LAILA DE ANDRADE , PEREIRA JULIANA DE SOUZA
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The Brazilian semiarid is historically characterized by the water scarcity of good-quality. In this region there is great availability of groundwater reserves, however, these waters has high concentrations of dissolved salts, that makes them inappropriate to be used in the irrigation of most crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, production and salinity tolerance of three cauliflower cultivars in hydroponics NFT (Nutrient Film Technique), subjected to different electrical conductivities of the nutrient solution (ECsol) prepared with saline water. The experiment was carried out in a randomized blocks design in split-plot, with six replications. The plants were subjected to six levels of ECsol (1.94 - control, 3.24, 4.10, 5.04, 5.92 and 7.01 dS m-1) in the main plots, with three cauliflower cultivars (‘Piracicaba de Verão’, ‘Sabrina’ and ‘SF1758’) in the subplots, which were grown in the same hydroponic channel. Vegetative growth, inflorescence production and salinity tolerance of cultivars were evaluated. In general, except for the number of leaves, leaf width and fresh matters of leaves and shoot, the different ECsol levels negatively influenced the vegetative growth and inflorescences yield of cultivars cauliflower. The cultivars ‘Piracicaba de Verão’ and ‘Sabrina’ were considered moderately sensitive to salinity, while cultivar ‘SF1758’ was moderately tolerant to salinity.
USE OF CARNAUBA PALM BAGANA TO REDUCE WATER CONSUMPTION IN THE PRODUCTION OF IRRIGATED RADISH
Authors: ALMEIDA ANTONIO VANKLANE RODRIGUES DE , SILVA ALEXSANDRO OLIVEIRA DA , COSTA RAIMUNDO NONATO TÁVORA , SANTOS JENYFFER DA SILVA GOMES , SILVA GERÔNIMO FERREIRA DA
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT In regions with limited water resources, efficient use of water has become increasingly essential for agricultural production. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of the carnauba palm bagana (leaf fibers) as an option of ground cover to reduce the use of water in irrigated radish. The study was conducted from July to October 2018 in two crop cycles in Pentecoste-CE, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks with split plots and four replicates, whose primary treatments consisted of five irrigation depths (50%; 75%; 100%; 125% and 150% of the evapotranspiration crop) and secondary treatments consisted of five different levels of ground cover using carnauba bagana (0%; 25%; 50%; 75% and 100% of 16 t ha-1), in a 5 x 5 interaction, totaling 100 experimental plots. The following variables were evaluated: fresh mass of shoots and tuber, plant height, number of leaves, tuber diameter and gas exchange. For tuber fresh mass in the first crop cycle, a first order model was obtained with the response surface, with linear increase of the factors irrigation depths (0.064 g plant-1) and ground cover (0.065 g plant-1), with the highest value (40.44 g plant-1) observed for the level of 150% ETcloc and 100% bagana. Application of 16 t ha-1 of carnauba bagana can be considered recommended, within the limits studied, for use in the radish crop.
POTASSIUM DOES NOT ATTENUATE SALT STRESS IN YELLOW PASSION FRUIT UNDER IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Authors: LIMA GEOVANI SOARES DE , SILVA JAILSON BATISTA DA , PINHEIRO FRANCISCO WESLEY ALVES , SOARES LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS , GHEYI HANS RAJ
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange, growth and production of yellow passion fruit cv. BRS GA1, as a function of irrigation management strategies with saline water and potassium doses. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in São Domingos, PB, Brazil. A randomized block design was used in a 6 * 2 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of six strategies of irrigation with saline waters (irrigation with low-salinity water throughout the crop cycle - SE; irrigation with high-salinity water in the vegetative stage - VE; flowering stage - FL; fruiting stage - FR; in the successive vegetative/flowering stages - VE/FL; vegetative/fruiting stages - VE/FR) and two doses of potassium (100 and 130% of the K2O recommendation), with four replicates and four plants per plot. The 100% dose corresponded to 60 g of K 2O plant-1 year-1. The effects of using high-salinity water (3.2 dS m-1) alternated with low-salinity water (1.3 dS m-1) were evaluated in different stages of the cultivation cycle. Irrigation with saline water in the fruiting stage promoted an increase in intercellular CO2 concentration and decrease in CO2 assimilation, with effects of non-stomatal origin standing out as limiting factors of photosynthetic efficiency. The highest CO 2 assimilation rate in plants subjected to water salinity of 1.3 dS m-1 throughout the cycle resulted in increments in the number of fruits and in the production per plant of the passion fruit cv. BRS GA1.
SALICYLIC ACID AS AN ATTENUATOR OF SALT STRESS IN SOURSOP
Authors: SILVA ANDRÉ ALISSON RODRIGUES DA , LIMA GEOVANI SOARES DE , AZEVEDO CARLOS ALBERTO VIEIRA DE , VELOSO LUANA LUCAS DE SÁ ALMEIDA , GHEYI HANS RAJ
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The search for alternatives that enable the use of saline waters in agriculture has become constant. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effects of salicylic acid in mitigating salt stress effects on the growth and gas exchange of soursop cv. ‘Morada Nova’. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, in the municipality of Campina Grande - PB, Brazil. Treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, in a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.8; 1.6; 2.4; 3.2 and 4.0 dS m-1) and four concentrations of salicylic acid - SA (0; 1.2; 2.4 and 3.6 mM), with three replicates. Irrigation with saline water compromised the growth and gas exchange of soursop cv. ‘Morada Nova’. However, exogenous application of salicylic acid induced tolerance to salt stress in soursop plants, as their growth, transpiration, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency were favored by the application of salicylic acid, even when exposed to water salinity.
STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND YIELD OF 'GIGANTE' CACTUS PEAR IN AGROECOSYTEMS IN THE SEMI-ARID REGION OF BAHIA, BRAZIL
Authors: MATOS LAUDICEIO VIANA , DONATO SÉRGIO LUIZ RODRIGUES , SILVA BISMARC LOPES DA , KONDO MARCOS KOITI , LANI JOÃO LUIZ
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The adaptation capacity of forage cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) plants to edaphoclimatic conditions and plant responses to changes in management systems contribute to increase the use of this species in agriculture and the exploration of its productive potential in semi-arid regions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the structural characteristics and cladode yield of forage cactus plants grown under different agroecosystems in the semi-arid region of Bahia, Brazil. Structural characteristics of plants and soils attributes were analyzed. The traditional information on the crop management and its correlations with cladode yield were used to identify the best yield indexes, considering the peculiarities of each agroecosystem. Plant height, cladode thickness, and number of cladodes of the forage cactus plants evaluated were less affected by the agroecosystem than by the production systems. Cladode width, length, and area were more affected by the agroecosystems. The forage cactus crop yields, expressed by the annual cladode fresh matter yield, were positively correlated with the plant structural characteristics: plant height and thickness, and cladode width and length. The cladode weight per plant and fresh matter yield per area were the yield components most affected by the management system adopted by traditional producers.
PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSE TO NITROGEN FERTILIZATION IN SUGARCANE UNDER RAINFED AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS
Authors: CASTRO-NAVA SERGIO , HERRERA-SEPÚLVEDA MARCOS ROLANDO , GARCÍA-GIRÓN JOSE MANUEL
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Nitrogen is the most important element required for plant growth and development and is the primary nutrient limiting sugarcane production. Field experiments under rainfed condition and some periods with high temperature (above 35 °C) were carried out during 2014-2015 at the municipality of Ocampo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of varying doses of nitrogen fertilizer on leaf photosynthesis, plant growth, total chlorophyll, and juice quality of sugarcane commercial variety Mex 79-431 in the second ratoon crop. Six nitrogen doses (0, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 kg N ha-1) were tested and applied as urea 60 days after harvest, at the beginning of the rainy season. The results of the experiment indicated that the application of nitrogen in ratoon crop had a positive effect on growth and development. It is important to note that further studies are required on the subject, including timing of nitrogen application, application method, soil types, other doses, and other genotypes in the region. The maximum photosynthetic rate (27.68 pmol CO2 m-2 s-1) was attained at PAR 1500 pmol m-2 s-1 with 90 kg N ha-1. The highest yield was recorded in ratoon crop with a dose of 120 kg N ha-1. At harvest, the juice quality did not show significant variations among the treatments imposed.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF SANTA INÊS SHEEP USING MULTIVARIATE TECHNICS
Authors: MILANÊS TARLAN OLIVEIRA , SOARES LUCIANA FELIZARDO PEREIRA , RIBEIRO MARIA NORMA , CARVALHO FRANCISCO FERNANDO RAMOS DE
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to apply multivariate analysis techniques such as principal component and canonical discriminant analyses to a set of performance and carcass data of Santa Inês sheep, to identify the relationships and select the variables that best explain the total variation of the data, in addition to quantifying an association between performance and carcass characteristics. The main components generated were efficient in reducing a cumulative total variation of 25 original variables correlated to four linear combinations, which together explained 80% of the total variation of the data. The first two principal components together explained approximately 65% of the total variation of the variables analyzed. In the first two linear combinations, the characteristics with the highest factor loading coefficients were cold carcass weight (CCW), hot carcass weight (HCW), empty body weight (EBW), average weight (AW), croup width (CW), cold carcass yield (CCY), and hot carcass yield (HCY). The variables selected in the canonical discriminant analysis, in order of importance, were total carbohydrate intake (TCI), total digestible nitrogen intake (TDNI), dry matter intake (DMI), non-fibrous carbohydrate intake (NFI), and fiber detergent neutral intake (NDFI). The first canonical root shows a correlation coefficient of approximately 0.82, showing a high association between the performance variables. The classification errors in the discriminant analysis were less than 5%, which were probably due to the similarity between individuals for the studied traits. The multivariate techniques were adequate and efficient in simplifying the sample space and classifying the animals in their original groups.
Terminalia s.s. (Combretaceae) in Maranhão state, Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro Rayane de Tasso Moreira , Rebouças Natanael Costa , Loiola Maria Iracema Bezerra , Sales Margareth Ferreira de
Published: November 2020

Abstract We present the floristic treatment of the Terminalia species occurring in the state of Maranhão. This study was based on the analysis of national and international herbaria. Six species were recorded from the state: Terminalia actinophylla, T. amazonia, T. dichotoma, T. fagifolia, T. glabrescens, and T. lucida, with one endemic (T. actinophylla) to Brazil. Taxa were commonly recorded in dry Savanna environments (cerrado). Only the species Terminalia fagifolia and T. lucida occur in conservation units in Maranhão, specifically in Mirador State Park, Chapada das Mesas National Park and Ecological Sanctuary of Pedra Caída. In addition to morphological descriptions, this study includes an identification key, illustrations, and comments about taxonomic affinities, geographical distribution, ecology, conservation status, and phenology of the species.
The response of the moss Campylopus lamellatus (Leucobryaceae Schimp.) post El Niño: a case study in the Caatinga
Authors: Silva Joan Bruno , Maciel-Silva Adaíses Simone , Santos Nivea Dias dos
Published: November 2020

Abstract Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are important biological components in arid and semi-arid regions because they can serve as ecological facilitators for the vascular flora. Biocrusts of rocky outcrops of the Caatinga biome in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil are comprised mainly of populations of the pioneer moss Campylopus lamellatus. Meanwhile, the Caatinga is undergoing progressive desertification, which is likely to continue for the next 100 years. Therefore, the physiological responses of C. lamellatus to climate change should be included in predictions regarding the future of the flora of these rocky environments. We evaluated a population of C. lamellatus during a prolonged drought brought about by El Niño, and during the first subsequent rainy season. We used biomass (dry mass) and proportion of chlorophyll as measures of tolerance. We identified decreased investment in biomass allocation and the degradation of photosynthetic pigments during the drought event. In contrast, we observed a rapid increase of chlorophyll during the rainy season, which represents biomass investment via chlorophyll regeneration. We conclude that the resilience of C. lamellatus is rapid, even for a photophilic plant, and should ensure its facilitative function under conditions of water saturation of the environment.
Flora da Reserva Ducke, Amazonas, Brasil: Monimiaceae
Authors: Dávila Nállarett , Lírio Elton John de , Amorim Bruno Sampaio , Fantin Cleiton , Cabral Fernanda Nunes
Published: November 2020

Resumo O presente estudo caracteriza a única espécie da família Monimiaceae registrada na Reserva Ducke. Foram analisadas coletas provenientes da reserva a partir de exsicatas depositadas nos herbários INPA, P e RB. Registra-se uma espécie do gênero Mollinedia para a reserva, Mollinedia grazielae, reportada aqui pela primeira vez para o Brasil. Apresentamos descrição da espécie, comentários taxonômicos, ilustração, informação sobre hábitat e distribuição geográfica.
Investigação do conhecimento de professores de escolas regulares de uma região do Distrito Federal sobre o sistema de frequência modulada
Authors: Fidêncio Vanessa Luisa Destro , Costa Camila Almeida , Sousa Ingrid Sales de , Romão Juliana Maria Freire Espíndola
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Objetivo investigar o conhecimento de professores de escolas regulares quanto ao Sistema de Frequência Modulada (Sistema FM). Método participaram do estudo 48 professores de cinco escolas públicas regulares. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado com questões relacionadas ao Sistema FM. Adotou-se um nível de significância de 5% para todas as análises estatísticas inferenciais. Resultados observaram-se, para todas as escolas, proporções estatisticamente significativas de professores que desconheciam o Sistema FM e suas funções. Não houve diferença no conhecimento básico sobre o dispositivo em função da etapa de ensino em que os professores trabalhavam. Conclusão os professores da educação infantil e ensino fundamental de cinco escolas da rede pública da região de Samambaia, no Distrito Federal, desconheciam o funcionamento, componentes e benefícios do Sistema FM, de modo que podem não estar preparados para o uso desse dispositivo em sala de aula. No entanto, esses profissionais demonstraram interesse em participar de cursos de capacitação sobre o tema.
Efeitos da estimulação tátil-térmica orofacial em idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência com demência grave: uma série de casos
Authors: Olchik Maira Rozenfeld , Rech Rafaela Soares , Jacinto-Scudeiro Laís Alves , Mello Aline Moreira de , Santos Vanessa Brzoskowski dos
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Objetivo Determinar efetividade da terapia de sensibilidade oral em idosos institucionalizados com demência grave. Métodos Uma série de oito casos residentes em instituição de longa permanência. Foram incluídos idosos com diagnóstico de demência grave e disfagia grave, com consentimento da família. Foram excluídos idosos em atendimento fonoaudiológico e com alimentação somente por via alternativa. A divisão entre grupo experimental e grupo controle foi por sorteio. A avaliação pré e pós terapia, realizada por uma fonoaudióloga cega para a intervenção, utilizou protocolo Northwestern Patient Dysphagia Check Sheet (NDPCS), a escala Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) e a Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). Durante a oferta a velocidade da deglutição e o número de deglutições (pastoso e líquido) foram avaliados. Os participantes do grupo experimental foram submetidos a cinco sessões consecutivas de estimulação tátil-térmica por 30 minutos. Resultados Oito participantes, com idade entre 68 e 98 anos, fizeram parte da amostra seis mulheres e dois homens. No grupo experimental não observou-se modificação na velocidade da deglutição bem como no número de deglutições nas consistências pastosa e líquida. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas para os itens 23 a 28 do instrumento NDPCS nas duas consistências, bem como não houve modificação na escala FOIS. Também não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre o grupo experimental e o grupo controle para essas duas consistências. Conclusão A estimulação tátil-térmica não modificou o padrão de deglutição em idosos institucionalizados com demência grave.
Distribution of urban green spaces: Comparative analysis between cities in different countries
Authors: Garcia Cecília Souza Gontijo , Paiva Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira , Bruck Jules , Sousa Rafael de Brito
Published: November 2020

Abstract The presence of urban green spaces (UGS) increases the human’s contact with nature and provides numerous benefits to the society and the local environment. In this way, analyzing, planning and stimulating the implementation of UGS in cities is a fundamental action to improve the life quality of urban society. In this context, the aim was to analyze the situation and distribution of the green spaces of the universities cities of Lavras, Minas Gerais State (Brazil) and Newark, Delaware (USA). For data collection, researches performed field visits and used aerial photography to survey and analysis before calculating indicators including green area index (GAI) and green space ratio (GSR). The city of Lavras has a GAI of 0.54 m2 inh-1. The GSR value was 0.29%, not meeting the minimum of 5% required by local municipal law. Furthermore, there is a bad distribution of UGSs in the urban framework. However, in Newark, the distribution of UGSs is homogeneous and covers all regions of the city. The calculated GAI was 50.2 m² inh-1 and the GSR has met the 7% minimum required by its Newark Municipal Law. When comparing the two cities, in different countries and conditions it is concluded that Newark (DE) presents UGS indicators, GAI (m² inh-1) and GSR (%), higher than the values obtained in Lavras (MG), indicating the need for Government actions to increase these values.
AgNO3 improved micropropagation and stimulate in vitro flowering of rose (Rosa x hybrida) cv. Sena
Authors: Matos Ana Victória Conde da Silva de , Oliveira Bárbara Samantha de , Oliveira Maria Eduarda Barboza Souza de , Cardoso Jean Carlos
Published: November 2020

Abstract Rose is one of the most important cut flower in the world. Rose micropropagation was used for production of clonal and disease-free plantlets and to breeding purposes. However, many important rose cultivars showed physiological disorders as early-leaf senescence and very low multiplication rate under in vitro conditions. Our hypothesis is that these symptoms were associated with high sensibility of these cultivars to ethylene accumulation on in vitro environment. The rose cv. Sena was in vitro cultivated under different concentrations of AgNO3 and two light sources, LED and fluorescent lamps, as a way to investigate in vitro similar symptoms to ethylene accumulation. AgNO3 at 1.0-2.0 mg L-1 solved the main in vitro physiological disorders observed in this rose cultivar. Also, AgNO3 stimulated induction of 50% of rose shoots to in vitro flowering at 2.0 mg L-1. Higher concentrations also resulted in flowering induction, but with imperfect flower development.
Ornamental flora of the Cerrado in landscape architecture: a portrait of its practical application
Authors: Mello Soraia Silva de , Pastore Júlio Barêa
Published: November 2020

Abstract The rich diversity of the Cerrado flora has great ornamental potential, however it is barely present in Landscape Architecture projects in Brazil and incipient in the commercial market. The study sought to systematize part of the knowledge generated by the experiences of eight professionals who work in the Landscape Architecture field and are part of a spontaneous and growing movement that seeks the development of management techniques and a language referenced by phytophysiognomies of the Cerrado, especially its savannas and grasslands. Information was gathered from semi-structured interviews with eight professionals with practical experience in introducing Cerrado flora species in Landscape Architecture projects and analyzed to identify motivations, composition and language aspects, most-used species, technical aspects of implementation and management and perceptions of market and production chain. Reiterated points were mapped and categorized. Interviews revealed efforts to develop a compositional language referenced by the Cerrado with a predominance of herbaceous species and high species diversity in keeping with the contemporary naturalistic Landscape Architecture movement. A list of 84 potentially ornamental species used by interviewees was compiled. Difficulties and market impasses were identified. Much needed strategies for increasing Cerrado flora species use in Landscape Architecture are: engagement of society via environmental education, communication and marketing; research on Cerrado soil and ecology for species selection; qualification of labor; advocacy for public policies including promotion of production chains, research and education.
PARCERIAS PÚBLICO-PRIVADAS: ATUAÇÃO DO INSTITUTO AYRTON SENNA NA EDUCAÇÃO PÚBLICA DO ESTADO DO RS
Authors: Scherer Susana Schneid , Nascimento Flávia Marchi , Cóssio Maria de Fátima
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Neste trabalho, investiga-se a atuação do Instituto Ayrton Senna (IAS) nas redes municipais e estadual do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). A pesquisa subsidiou-se no viés da sociologia crítica, especificamente da metodologia de etnografia de rede, de Stephen Ball, a fim de analisar o contexto de influência, envolvendo as políticas educacionais por meio do uso de novas fontes de dados virtuais. Situam-se as parcerias público-privadas (PPP) como novos mecanismos de privatização, no contexto da globalização, das redefinições do Estado e dos movimentos de Nova Gestão Pública (NGP) e governança. A pesquisa sobre o IAS revelou sua forte atuação e rede de influência política com programas de alfabetização e gestão da educação, e desdobramentos importantes nas concepções e práticas educacionais.
‘Peace with a Woman’s Face’: Women, Social Media and the Colombian Peace Process
Authors: Henshaw Alexis
Published: November 2020

Abstract The idea that men and women approach conflict resolution differently forms the backbone of the international agenda on Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) and is supported by a growing body of scholarship in international relations. However, the role of women who represent insurgent groups in peace talks remains understudied, given the relatively rare appearance of such women in peace processes. The present study examines how men and women from the negotiating team of the Revolutionary Armed Forced of Colombia (FARC) engaged in public-facing discourse on Twitter leading up to a referendum on the peace accords in 2016. Using a mixed-methods approach that includes computational analysis and a close reading of social media posts, I demonstrate that women in the FARC’s negotiating team were more successful social media users than their male counterparts and that they offered a distinct contribution to the discourse on peace, centring the relevance of gender and promoting issue linkages like the need to address LGBTI rights.
Multilateral Development Banks: Counter-cyclical Mandate and Financial Constraints
Authors: Molinari Andrea , Patrucchi Leticia
Published: November 2020

Abstract Given their attractiveness as a source of financing for the least developed countries, multilateral development banks (MDBs) have grown in quantity and size supported by their sources of financing. We believe that this ‘resource dependency’ has not been sufficiently questioned in the literature, especially regarding the credit exposure these organizations have with their largest borrowing members. This article characterizes and identifies the differential effects of the three sources that make up the dependence on resources in the MDBs: capital contributions, leverage in the markets and their credit function. We analysed these sources particularly at the International Development Bank (IBRD), the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and the African Development Bank (AfDB) and in two recent events: the risk exchange implemented by the referred MDBs in 2015 and the effect of the Argentina’s selective default on the IDB’s capital adequacy (2014). We find an increasing relevance of leverage and the size of loans, which models a dependence on resources that weakens the development mandate of these organizations.