bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of psychological-pedagogical methods for preventing the risk of re-poisoning
Authors: Oksuzyan Artur Valerievich , Galieva Alisa Alfridovna , Mitryakov Kirill Igorevich
Published: September 2022

Introduction. In the present article correlations of internal consistency of family and personal, social and environmental, anamnestic and physical data in persons with acute poisonings were determined for the first time. Also the pedagogical and psychological methods of prevention of the above nosology, directed to the prevention of acute poisonings, were reviewed. A corrective program of repeated poisonings prevention, carried out in the project “School of Health” in the form of conversations, lectures, autogenic training, reduced the number of repeated poisonings. Material and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of the archive of the Budget Health Care Institution of the Udmurt Republic, “City Clinical Hospital No. 6” of the Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic, by copying data from the medical history. The analysis was carried out in three groups of patients: those with acute alcohol and drug poisoning, as well as those hospitalized due to non-compliance with safety regulations. After discharge from the hospital, they were offered to attend a “Health School,” during which topical talks on the prevention of re-poisoning were given. The analysis was carried out according to the developed diagnostic card, the data obtained were processed with the help of statistical programs. Results. The analysis yielded theoretical validity, which indicated correlation of the results of psychodiagnostics, with the categories of the developed scale. It was determined by the correspondence of the results with possible similar related techniques. Based on the conducted statistical analysis, a rating scale of poisoning risk assessment was derived and preventive measures were developed, which proved to be effective in preventing recurrent acute poisonings. Limitations. The analysis of medical records of the patients treated in the medical care institution of the Udmurt Republic, “City Clinical Hospital No. 6”, Ministry of Health Care of the Udmurt Republic, assessed 190 medical records, which represents a sufficient reference sample. Conclusion. The developed technique can be introduced in practical public health care for the prevention of repeated acute poisonings.
Study of the selenium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles combined action in a subchronic experiment on rats
Authors: Minigalieva Ilzira Amirovna , Ryabova Yu. V. , Sutunkova Marina Petrovna , Gurvich Vladimir Borisovich , Privalova Larisa Ivanovna , Panov Vladimir Grigorievich , Tazhigulova Anastasiya Valeryevna , Solovieva Svetlana Nikolaevna , Sutunkova Yulia Maksimovna , Katsnelson Boris Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Exposure to selenium oxide nanoparticles can be combined with exposure to copper oxide nanoparticles at working place. The type of this combined action has not been previously studied. Material and methods. Stable suspensions of selenium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles (at a single dose of 1 or 2 mg/kg of body weight) or deionized water (control) were administered to male rats 3 times a week for 6 weeks. At the end of the exposure, the toxic effect was evaluated by a large number of the animal organism indices. The statistical significance of intergroup differences was assessed using Student’s t-test. To analyze the patterns of two-factor combined toxicity, we used the Response Surface Methodology (RSM analysis). Results. Under combined intoxication with selenium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles, liver damage was observed, assessed by a decrease in the albumin-globulin index and the content of alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum, an increase in the number of degenerated hepatocytes. Kidney function altered as indicated by a decrease in the level of urea and uric acid in the urine, creatinine in the blood serum, an increase in degenerated cells of proximal and distal tubules. The analysis of isobolograms obtained by RSM revealed the ambiguity of the type of selenium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles combined action, depending on which effect and at which dose level it is estimated by. Conclusion. The subchronic toxicity of selenium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles is characterized by qualitatively similar harmful effects. At the same time, the combined action of these nanoparticles is typologically ambiguous, varying from contradirectionality to synergism.
Hygienic regulation of the antiretroviral drug tenofovir in the air of the working area
Authors: Golubeva Margarita Ivanovna , Bidevkina Marina Vasil’evna , Bobrineva Irina Alekseevna , Fedorova Emma Alexeevna , Krymova L. I.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Tenofovir is an antiviral drug of the group of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors of retrovirus - human immunodeficiency virus. Material and methods. A toxicological and hygienic study of the toxicity and danger of tenofovir in laboratory animals (mice, rats, rabbits) was carried out with various routes of intake: orally (mice, rats), intraperitoneally (mice), cutaneous (mice, rabbits), inhalation (rats) for development and justification of indicative limit values of tenofovir in the air of the working area. Results. When injected into the stomach, tenofovir belongs to the 4th hazard class in terms of DL50 for mice and rats over 10,000 mg/kg (GOST 12.1.007-76). When injected into the abdominal cavity DL50 for male mice 1443 mg/kg (OECD toxicity class 5). Tenofovir has a moderate irritant effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes of rabbits, does not irritate the skin; does not have a skin-resorptive, cumulative and sensitizing effect. In a subacute experiment in rats with intragastric administration (1000 mg/kg, 28 days), tenofovir had a general toxic effect with a predominant impairment of kidney and liver function. Tenofovir Limac is set at 17.3 mg/m3 for effects on renal function. Limitations. When developing and substantiating hygienic standards for the anti-retroviral drug tenofovir in the air of the working area. Conclusion. The recommended indicative limit values for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate aerosol in the air of the working area is 0.1 mg/m3.
EFFECT OF CASH TRANSPORT ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA
Authors: Onwonga Mactosh , Achoki Prof.  George , Omboi Dr.  Bernard
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The main aim of the study was to assess the effect of cash transport on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya.Methodology: The research was carried out through a descriptive survey research design. The study population was all the 43 commercial banks registered and licensed to operate in Kenya. A multi stage sampling approach was used. In the first stage, a census of all the 43 commercial banks was conducted, that is, the units of analysis were the commercial bank. In the second stage, purposive sampling was used where two respondents from every organization were taken. The study used both primary and secondary data for analysis. Primary data was collected using questionnaires while secondary data was obtained using secondary data collection template. A multiple linear regression model was used to link variables.Findings: The study findings indicated a positive correlation between cash transport and financial performance of commercial banks. Cash transport was positively and significantly related to ROA. The study concluded that cash reconciliation is positively and significantly related to financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya,Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that commercial banks and other financial institutions involved in handling of cash should have a cash transport policy which clearly stipulates how cash in transit should be handled, regularly review the contracts of companies which transport cash for them so as to avoid known routines, have tracking devices in the vehicles that transport cash, engage administrative police in security arrangements when transporting cash and invest in cash in transit measures like chase cars. The study recommended further studies to establish the effect of cash handling practices on financial performance of other financial institutions other than commercial banks. This will be crucial in comparison of the results and identification of more research gaps for future studies.
The Role of School Management Committees and Head teacher’s Effectiveness in Government-Aided Primary Schools in Luweero District – Uganda
Authors: Serunjogi Charles Dickens
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The study focused on the role of School Management Committees (SMCs) and headteacher effectiveness in government-aided primary schools in Luweero district, Uganda.  The objectives of the study were (i) To establish whether School Management Committees (SMCs) monitored headteachers’ performance in the management of school academic programmes. (ii)To examine whether School Management Committees (SMCs) effectively monitored how headteachers utilized school funds. (iii) To assess whether School Management Committees (SMCs) monitored how headteachers managed discipline in their schools.

Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional study design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches to data collection and analysis. A sample of 160 respondents comprising of head teachers and School Management Committee (SMC) members was selected using purposive and cluster sampling techniques. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) guides.

Findings: The findings under the first objective revealed that SMC members did not effectively monitor head teachers’ management of academic programmes as all the responses scored below average(below 50%). As such the head teachers did not commit much of their time in ensuring that school academic programmes were effectively managed. Findings under the second objective revealed that SMCs’ performance in monitoring head teacher’s utilization of school funds was above average in regard to the preparation of work plans, approval of budgets and cash withdrawals while a dismal performance was reported in the approval of school expenditures and monitoring of accountability of funds. Under the third objective, the findings revealed that the SMCs performed above average in working collaboratively with the head teachers in attending to disciplinary reports, sanctioning errant teachers /pupils and disseminating measures of managing discipline to stakeholders while the performance was below average in the area of formulating school rules and regulations. The dismal performance of SMCs in some areas was attributed to capacity gaps, low motivation and conflicts within the school community.

Recommendations: The study recommended that the district local government needed to organize workshops and seminars to equip SMC members with the requisite skills and knowledge in school monitoring and sensitizing them about their roles and responsibilities. It was also recommended that a minimum level of education and one’s integrity and contribution to community welfare be tagged to selection of SMC members.
The Role of Corporate Leaders in Enhancing Interpersonal Relationships within an Organization: A Case Study of FastLearn Technologies Ltd
Authors: Mulozi Maureen , Odoyo Collins Otieno
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Interpersonal relationships are seen to play a vital part in the success and/or failure of many organizations. In managing human resource, the aspect of interpersonal relationships is a concern as it may or may not border on the work performance of the organization. This study aims to find out the role that corporate leaders play in enhancing interpersonal relationships within the organization.
Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive research design. In conducting this study, literature on subject was reviewed as secondary data and primary data was collected through the use of self-administered questionnaires, focus group discussions and interview guides. The data collection instruments consisted of both close-ended and open-ended questions. The target population for the study comprised of all the 55 employees, management inclusive, of FastLearn Technologies Ltd who were part of the study. The data collected was entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet for analysis and interpretation and provision of recommendations thereafter.
Findings: This research has revealed that interpersonal relationships within the organization actually do have an impact on the organization’s productivity. The impact can either be negative or positive depending on the role that corporate leaders play to encourage or discourage interpersonal relations.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study advocates for management and corporate leaders to encourage employees to engage in team activities. It further advocates for them to develop conflict resolution strategies and policies that would provide a win- win situation for both the employee and the employer.
CHALLENGES FACING INTRA-PARTY DEMOCRACY IN KENYA: AN EXAMINATION OF SIX MAJOR POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE PERIOD 2002-2012.
Authors: Kyumwa Lllian Mwende
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish the factors affecting intra-party democracy.Methodology: The study used descriptive survey design. The sample consisted 60 respondents. Random sampling technique was used to select the 60 members from the population. The instrument that was used for the research was a questionnaire. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used for data analysis. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics which involved the use of means, standard deviation, correlation co-efficient and regression analysis. Subsequently, coding was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science). Data was presented in tables and graphs with accompanying descriptive details.  Results: The findings found out that majority of parties do not discourage election violence.  The finding also indicated that majority of parties do not ensures absolute transparency in the use of public funds and managerial practices. The findings further indicated that there is a low degree of accountability in the financial management of the parties. Further, the results implied that parties in Kenya have a low rate of retention of party members.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended Political parties in Kenya to hold intraparty elections frequently as they are supposed to since doing so will boost the intraparty democracy. Political parties in Kenya were also recommended to come up with promotion drives that will enhance members’ participation in the management of party affairs as doing so will boost the intraparty democracy. Political parties in Kenya need to put in place internal controls and structures that enhance the accountability in the financial management of the parties as doing so will boost the intraparty democracy. Political parties in Kenya need to put in place loyalty programs for their members so as to boost the retention rate of members. This will boost the intraparty democracy.
The Influence of Intellectual Stimulation of Judicial Officers on the Performance of Judicial Staff in Kenya
Authors: Ayacko George Ochilo Mbogo , K’Aol Prof. George , Linge Prof.Teresia Kavoo
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Across all sectors of the society, leadership is pivotal in ensuring that organizational goals and objectives are achieved as well as its continuity. Moreover, the type of leadership style has a significant contribution on an organization’s performance and overall success. One such leadership style, that most scholars have attributed with good performance in organizations, is transformational leadership. Transformational leadership has different components that, in aggregate, lead to better performance and success of organizations. One such component that is exhibited by leaders who are transformational, is intellectual stimulation. It is based on this influence of transformational leadership in organizations and its people that motivated this study. The study set to find out the influence of intellectual stimulation of judicial officers on the performance of judicial staff in Kenya.Methodology: Descriptive correlational research design was used in the study to find out the degree, direction and the significance of influence of individualized consideration on the performance of judicial staff. The target population of the study consisted of 770 judicial staff in the Kenyan Judiciary. The study used stratified random sampling technique to select 385 judicial staff from High Courts and Magistrate Courts in Nairobi County. Bivariate correlations were used to establish the relationship between the study variables, while one-way ANOVA was used to examine variability. Besides, the strength of association between the variables was determined using Chi-square tests.Findings: The study found that intellectual stimulation of judicial officers significantly influenced the performance of judicial staff, r (312) = 0.679, p< .05; r (312) = 0.685, p< .05; r (312) = 0.630, p< .05. The study found out that intellectual stimulation of judicial officers did positively and significantly influence the performance of judicial staff in Kenya.Policy recommendation: The study recommends that to improve judicial staff performance, judicial officers should be innovative on efficient ways of completing work duties, should encourage creativity in solving work-related problems, and appreciate staffs who are inquisitive and seek to know more.
EFFECT OF MORAL AND PSYCHO-EMOTIVE DIMENSIONS OF ETHICAL LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR PARASTATALS IN KENYA
Authors: Ouma Chrisantus Namada , K’Aol Prof. George O. , Sikalieh Prof. Damary
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the moral and psycho-emotive dimensions of ethical leadership on employee commitment among senior managers in the transport sector parastatals in Kenya.Methodology: The study adopted positivist philosophy and descriptive correlational research design. The target population was 253 senior managers in the transport sector parastatals. A sample of 153 senior managers was selected from the target population using the stratified random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Correlation analysis found a positive and significant relationship between the moral dimension and employee commitment, r(111) = .68, p < .05, and also between the psycho-emotive dimension and employee commitment r(111) = .79, p < .05. Results of multiple linear regression indicated that 55% of the variance in employee commitment were caused by the moral dimension, R2 = .55, F(1,111) = 137.93, p < .05; β = .72, p < .05, while 62% of the variance in employee commitment were caused by the psycho-emotive dimension, R2 = .62, F(1,111) = 179.95, p < .05; β = .77, p < .05. Ethical climate was found to significantly moderate the relationship between the moral and psycho-emotive dimensions of ethical leadership and employee commitment, R2 = .67, F(7,105) = 30.56, p < .05; β = .24, p < .05.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Previous studies on ethical leadership have focused on the ethical characteristics of the leader and behavioral traits in the Western settings. This study has provided an in-depth examination of ethical leadership and its effect on employee commitment in the African context.
BOARD COMPOSITION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AMONG PRIVATE LIMITED COMPANIES IN UGANDA
Authors: Rwakihembo John , Kamukama Nixon , Nsambu Fredrick Kijjambu
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The study aimed at examining the relationship between board composition and financial performance of private limited companies in Uganda.Methodology: A positivist approach and a cross-sectional research design were employed to collect data from 394 companies in Central and Western Uganda. An open-ended questionnaire was used to collect data from board members and executives from companies. Pearson correlation and standard linear regression were employed for data analysis.Findings: Results indicate a positive relationship between non-executive directors on the Board and the financial performance of private companies.Unique Contribution to practice and policy: Private Limited Companies in Uganda will attain the much-desired insights in the context of how board composition links with their financial performance. The study recommends the management`s careful consideration of long survival prospects as well as the formulation of appropriate policies and survival strategies that oversee long existence to guarantee benefits and optimal performance coupled with profitability that emanate from a well-composed board.Study Limitation: The study was limited to only board composition, leaving out other board characteristics that influence financial performance. Besides, it was only positivistic hence subject to methods bias that could have affected the validity of results.
Acute Appendicitis and Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome due to COVID-19: a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Hashlamoun M. , Qafesha R. M. , Salhab R.Q , Huseein B.M. , Benmelouka A.Y , Jobran Afnan Waleed
Published: September 2022

The prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19 is variable with different types of presentations. Some of them many present with manifestations mimicking surgical emergencies. Yet, the pathophysiology of acute abdomen in the context of COVID-19 remains unclear. We present a case of a previously healthy child who presented with acute appendicitis with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome. We also highlight the necessity of considering the gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19 infection in pediatric patients in order to avoid misdiagnosis and further complications.
Urtica Spp.: From Underutilized Crop Towards Sustainability
Authors: Munir Al-mansour Baraa
Published: September 2022

Sustainability of agricultural systems has become an important issue throughout the world. The need to balance environmental quality, human needs and economic stability is often referred to as “the three pillars of sustainability”. Nettle is one of the most widely distributed wild plants, found in all regions of the temperate zones, growing in all seasons, and having ethnobotanical importance as a wild plant. Cultivation of this underutilized crop has potential to be valuable food, medicine source, organic fertilizer and carbon sink in addition to its economic advantages. It needs further expanded and assisted by agricultural extensions to be part of management strategies in tackling food and environment insecurity.
Vehicular Social Network Using Blockchain Technology
Authors: OKUL Şükrü , KELEŞ Fatih , AYDIN Muhammed Ali
Published: September 2022

In this study, the application of the vehicle social network, which is formed by integrating the concept of vehicle social network, which started to emerge with the increase in the number of connected vehicles, and the blockchain technology, which is widely used today, is implemented with a decentralized structure with the structure created in this study. In other words, while integrating the vehicle social network and blockchain technology, the system structure in this study is suggested. Within the scope of this proposal, information will be given about some of the improvements made and it is discussed which points have been addressed in the system and what is being worked on. In this context, after mentioning blockchain technology and vehicle social network, the architecture and algorithm in this study will be mentioned. We will use diagrams and pseudocodes to explain our algorithm. Finally, we will summarize what we talked about in this study with the conclusion part.
Descontento con la política de admisión de la Universidad de Costa Rica en la década de 1960
Authors: Molina Jiménez Iván
Published: September 2022

Este artículo analiza el descontento provocado por la decisión de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) de establecer un examen de admisión en 1960. Dicho requisito rápidamente enfrentó a la UCR no solo con los estudiantes, sino con los padres de familia y diversos sectores de la sociedad civil. Asimismo, esta política de admisión restrictiva generó fuertes tensiones dentro de la UCR. Pese a que las autoridades de la UCR defendieron con argumentos técnicos la objetividad del examen de admisión, este examen discriminó a favor de quienes se habían graduado de colegios privados, urbanos y diurnos. Igualmente, el examen tuvo un importante sesgo de género, puesto que los niveles de aprobación de las mujeres fueron inferiores a los de los varones.
Disputas por la modernización: estrategias y argumentos del Consejo Estudiantil Universitario frente al plan del rector Jorge Carpizo en México, 1986-1987
Authors: Cejudo Ramos Denisse de Jesús
Published: September 2022

Este artículo analiza la oposición liderada por el Consejo Estudiantil Universitario (CEU) contra el proyecto del rector Jorge Carpizo que propuso modificaciones normativas que afectaron el acceso y permanencia de los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). El objetivo es identificar los principales repertorios de acción y argumentos que desplegaron los estudiantes para disputar el proyecto modernizador que coincidió con las políticas presupuestarias restrictivas del gobierno federal y las propuestas de los organismos internacionales de educación superior en occidente. Lo anterior se reconstruye desde una perspectiva histórica a partir de los materiales producidos por el movimiento estudiantil, documentos de archivo, hemerografía y de la transcripción del diálogo público que mantuvieron con las autoridades universitarias. Este texto sostiene que la CEU construyó novedosos repertorios de acción anclados en la negociación que los mostró como agentes de cambio no radicales y que los ejes de su discurso se articularon en torno a un ideal democrático.
Urban Morphology and computers
Authors: Koster Elwin
Published: September 2022

The use of image processing and GIS in urban morphology research in the Department of Art and Architectural History in Groningen University is described. Attention is focused on a research project on the development of the town plan of the city of Groningen since the early seventeenth century. The potential of the computer is demonstrated, not only for the comparison of historical plans but also for visualizaton and analysis.
Effects of stopping criterion on the growth of trees in regression random forests
Authors: Arsham Aryana , Rosenberg Philip , Little Mark
Published: September 2022

Random forests are a powerful machine learning tool that capture complex relationships between independent variables and an outcome of interest. Trees built in a random forest are dependent on several hyperparameters, one of the more critical being the node size. The original algorithm of Breiman, controls for node size by limiting the size of the parent node, so that a node cannot be split if it has less than a specified number of observations. We propose that this hyperparameter should instead be defined as the minimum number of observations in each terminal node. The two existing random forest approaches are compared in the regression context based on estimated generalization error, bias-squared, and variance of resulting predictions in a number of simulated datasets. Additionally the two approaches are applied to type 2 diabetes data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We have developed a straightforward method for incorporating weights into the random forest analysis of survey data. Our results demonstrate that generalization error under the proposed approach is competitive to that attained from the original random forest approach when data have large random error variability. The R code created from this work is available and includes an illustration.
Prospects for growing ‘Karaka Black’ in Russia
Authors:   Main Botanical Garden RAS, Ladyzhenskaya Olga , Aniskina Tatiana , Kryuchkova Viktoria
Published: September 2022

Blackberry (Rubus subg. Eubatus Focke) occupies a certain place in the supply chain of berry crops in Russia. It ripens later than traditional berry crops, has a high self-fertility and adaptive capacity, which allows it to be cultivated in various regions of our country. The value of this culture consist in the large amount of antioxidant compounds in the fruits. The purpose of our study is to assess the economic and organoleptic characteristics of the blackberry variety ‘Karaka Black’ in the south of Russia. As a result of the research, it was found that ‘Karaka Black’ is suitable for industrial cultivation in Russia and meets the requirements of the market in a number of indicators: sugar content 8.95 brix, % rotten fruits after 7 days of storage at 4 °C is 7.5%, the percentage of rejected fruits after 48 hours storage at 20℃ - 19.9%. A comparative analysis of blackberry fruits showed that in New Zealand it is possible to obtain fruits with a sugar content 2.25 brix more, during storage, the damage of fruits is 6.3% less. Keywords: BLACKBERRIES, FRUITS, BERRY PRODUCTION, CULTIVATED VARIETIES, ‘KARAKA BLACK’, BLACKBERRY, RUBUS EUBATUS, PRODUCTIVITY
Genetic, molecular and biochemical basis of the auditory aging: lessons from experimental models
Authors: Cervantes Blanca , Bermúdez-Muñoz Jose M. , Ruiz-García Carmen , Lassaletta Luis , Contreras Julio , Murillo-Cuesta Silvia , Varela-Nieto Isabel
Published: September 2022

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) affects one in three people older than 65 years and is the most prevalent sensorineural deficit. This type of hearing loss precedes and accelerates the onset of cognitive impairment and is associated with an increased risk for neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Alzheimer disease. The onset and progression of ARHL is influenced by genetic factors, which are still poorly understood, and environmental factors, which in particular include exposure to excessive noise and ototoxic substances. At present, no effective drug treatments are available for ARHL prevention or treatment, and therefore research in this field is a priority. In the research field, animal models offer a crucial tool for i) identifying new genes associated with ARHL, ii) understanding the cellular and molecular basis of auditory ageing and iii) defining new therapeutic targets and evaluating candidate treatments.
Reseña de: Antonio Carreira, Nuevos Gongoremas, Córdoba, Editorial Universidad de Córdoba, 2021, 605 pp. ISBN: 978-84-9927-605-2
Authors: Fadón Duarte Alberto
Published: September 2022

RESUMEN: Reseña del volumen de Antonio Carreira Nuevos gongoremas, colectánea de artículos publicados en los últimos veinte años sobre diversos aspectos del poeta cordobés (lenguaje, transmisión textual, influencia, etc.).
ABSTRACT:
Review of the volume by Antonio Carreira Nuevos gongoremas, a collection of articles published in the last twenty years on various aspects of the Cordovan poet (language, textual transmission, influence, etc.).
HUBUNGAN FAKTOR ASUPAN GIZI, RIWAYAT PENYAKIT INFEKSI DAN RIWAYAT ASI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING DI KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Hina Stevie B. G. J. , Picauly Intje
Published: September 2022

Povinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) di tahun 2018 memiliki prevalensi stunting sebesar 42.6% dan Kabupaten Kupang merupakan salah satu kabupaten lokus yang dikenal sebagai wilayah dengan kejadian stunting yang cukup tinggi yaitu 41.4%.Variabel independent dalam penelitian ini adalah asupan gizi, riwayat penyakit infeksi dan riwayat ASI eksklusif sedangkan variabel dependent adalah kejadian stunting. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode simple random sampling dengan sampel penelitian adalah keluarga yang memiliki balita sebanyak 292 anak balita (146 kasus dan 146 kontrol). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode case control dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar anak balita (66.1%) memperoleh ASI Eksklusif dengan baik pada usia kurang dari enam (6) bulan atau mempunyai riwayat ASI Eksklusif namun 58.1% dari mereka mempunyai riwayat pernah menderita penyakit infeksi dan memiliki asupan gizi yang rendah sebanyak 63.9%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis penelitian diketahui bahwa ada hubungan yang nyata antara riwayat ASI Eksklusif (p = 0,036), riwayat penyakit infeksi (p = 0,000) dan asupan gizi (p = 0,000) dengan kejadian stunting. Nilai odds ratio juga menunjukkan bahwa ketiga (3) variabel bebas (riwayat ASI Eksklusif : 1.69; riwayat penyakit infeksi : 3.74%; dan asupan gizi : 2.56%) menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya kejadian stunting.
Looking for Stepan Bandera: The Myth of Ukrainian Nationalism and the Russian ‘Special Operation’
Authors: Shevtsova Maryna
Published: September 2022

The so-called ‘denazification’ of Ukraine and the need to free the country from the radical nationalists was used by the Russian government as a central argument to justify the military invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. However, the discussion of radical right-wing nationalist groups allegedly active in Ukraine and violently oppressing the Russian-speaking population have been maintained by the governing regime in Russia already since the so-called Euromaidan protests in 2013-2014. The word ‘banderivtsi’, disciples or sons and daughters of Stepan Bandera, the leader of the Ukrainian nationalist organisations OUN and UPA, became widely used, first, by Russian pro-governmental media who this way referred to what they presented as the nationalist population of Ukraine. Consequently, the Ukrainians started using the term themselves, in an ironic way, to re-appropriate it and re-establish the national identity reshaped by the years of informational and actual wars. The present piece discusses the centrality of the concept of Ukrainian nationalism in the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war. It examines how, seeking further separation from Russia, the Ukrainian government has been changing its memory politics towards a significantly modified perception and interpretation of the shared past. It argues that building parallels between attacking ‘nationalist Ukraine’ and the victory over Nazi Germany central to the glorious past of Russia within the state memory politics was used by Kremlin to justify the military action in the neighbouring country.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PRÉ-NATAL NA PREVENÇÃO DE OCORRÊNCIA DA ANEMIA FERROPRIVA GESTACIONAL
Authors: Lindoso Luciana Gomes Ferreira
Published: September 2022

A anemia ferropriva é conhecida como uma das principais deficiências nutricionais em todo mundo e sua ocorrência pode ser observada em diversas populações. No caso particular da gestação, além da expansão do volume sangüíneo, também ocorre aumento de demanda pelas necessidades do feto. Além disso, é pequeno o número de mulheres que iniciam a gestação com os estoques de ferro adequados. A falta de ferro no organismo aumenta as mortalidades infantil e materna e prejudica a produtividade. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a importância do acompanhamento pré-natal na prevenção de ocorrência da anemia gestacional. Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura desenvolvida a partir da coleta de estudos em bases de dados científicos. Para o levantamento buscou-se bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library (SCIELO), onde foram utilizados também filtros como período de busca, idioma de publicação e publicações disponíveis na íntegra. Utilizou-se o recorte temporal dos artigos publicados a partir do ano de 2011. Foi realizada uma quantidade de 12 artigos selecionados, observando os aspectos metodológicos, a similaridade entre os resultados encontrados. O estudo evidenciou que poucas mães têm conhecimento quanto a importância da suplementação do ferro, o que nos comprova que os profissionais de saúde necessitam ser mais eficazes no ato de orientar essas gestantes. Assim, é possível admitir que a fortificação de alimentos e a suplementação combinada com ferro possam ter papel crucial no controle da anemia, principalmente quando as mães têm conhecimento no grande ajuda no desenvolvimento do feto.
Reply to Lars Olof Björn's comment on “Fundamental molecules of life are pigments which arose and co-evolved as a response to the thermodynamic imperative of dissipating the prevailing solar spectrum” by Michaelian and Simeonov (2015)
Authors: Michaelian Karo , Simeonov Aleksandar
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Lars Björn doubts our assertion that the driving force behind the origin and evolution of life has been the thermodynamic imperative of increasing the entropy production of the biosphere through increasing global solar photon dissipation. Björn bases his critique on the fact that the albedo of non-biological material can sometimes be lower than that of biological material and concludes that such examples counter our assertion. Our reply to Björn, however, is that albedo (reflection) is only one factor involved in the entropy production through photon dissipation occurring in the interaction of light with material. The other contributions to entropy production, which were listed in our article, are (1) the shift towards the infrared of the emitted spectrum (including a wavelength-dependent emissivity), (2) the diffuse reflection and emission of light into a greater outgoing solid angle, and (3) the heat of photon dissipation inducing evapotranspiration in the pigmented leaf, thereby coupling to the abiotic dissipative processes of the water cycle, which, besides shifting the emitted spectrum even further towards the infrared, promotes pigment production over the entire Earth surface. His analysis, therefore, does not provide a legitimate reason for doubting our assertion that life and evolution are driven by photon dissipation. We remain emphatic in our assertion that the fundamental molecules of life were originally dissipatively structured UV-C pigments arising in response to the thermodynamic imperative of dissipating the prevailing Archean solar spectrum. In the following, we respond to Björn's comment using the same section headings.
Glacial state of the global carbon cycle: time-slice simulations for the last glacial maximum with an Earth-system model
Authors: Kurahashi-Nakamura Takasumi , Paul André , Merkel Ute , Schulz Michael
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Three time-slice carbon cycle simulations for the last glacial maximum (LGM) constrained by the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and the increase in the mean concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon in the deep ocean were carried out with a fully coupled comprehensive climate model (the Community Earth System Model version 1.2).
The three modelled LGM ocean states yielded different physical features in response to artificial freshwater forcing, and, depending on the physical states, suitable amounts of carbon and alkalinity were added to the ocean to satisfy constraints from paleo-data.
In all the simulations, the amount of carbon added was in line with the inferred transfers of carbon among various reservoirs during the evolution from the LGM to the pre-industrial (PI) period, suggesting that the simulated glacial ocean states are compatible with the PI one in terms of the carbon budget.
The increase in total alkalinity required to simulate ocean states that were deemed appropriate for the LGM was in broad quantitative accord with the scenario of post-glacial shallow water deposition of calcium carbonate, although a more precise assessment would demand further studies of various processes such as the land chemical weathering and deep-sea burial of calcium carbonates, which have affected the alkalinity budget throughout history since the LGM.
On the other hand, comparisons between the simulated distributions of paleoceanographic tracers and corresponding reconstructions clearly highlighted the different water-mass geometries and favoured a shallower Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) for the LGM as compared to PI.
Large, old pools of carbon and microbial communities are present deep in soils under a temperate planted forest
Authors: Byers Alexa , Garrett Loretta , Armstrong Charlotte , Dean Fiona , Wakelin Steve
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Forest soils are fundamental in regulating the global carbon (C) cycle; their capacity to accumulate large stores of C means they are vital in mitigating the effects of climate change. Understanding the processes that regulate forest soil organic C (SOC) dynamics and stabilisation is important to maximise the capacity and longevity of C sequestration. Compared to surface soil layers, little is known about the SOC dynamics in subsoil layers, sensu those below 30 cm depth. This knowledge gap creates large uncertainties when estimating the global distribution and vulnerability of SOC reserves to climate change. This study aimed to dive deep into the subsoils of Puruki Experimental Forest (New Zealand) and characterise the incremental changes in SOC dynamics and the soil microbiome down to 1 metre soil depth. ITS and 16S rRNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR were used to measure changes in soil microbial diversity, composition, and abundance. Stable (δ13C) and radioactive (14C) C analyses were performed to assess depth-driven changes in SOC stability and age. We conservatively estimate more than 35 % of total C stocks are present in subsoil layers below 30 cm. Although C age steadily increased with depth, reaching a mean radiocarbon age of 1571 yBP (years before present) in the deepest soil layers, the stability of SOC varied between different subsoil depth increments. Declines in soil carbon were associated with lower microbial diversity, abundance, and significant shifts in community membership. These research findings highlight the importance of quantifying subsoil C stocks for accurate systems-level global and local C budgets and modeling. Furthermore, performing a broad range of analytical measures (i.e. 13C & 14C natural abundance, and microbiome analysis) is vital to assess the vulnerability of subsoil C to climate change.
Airborne SnowSAR data at X and Ku bands over boreal forest, alpine and tundra snow cover
Authors: Lemmetyinen Juha , Cohen Juval , Kontu Anna , Vehviläinen Juho , Hannula Henna-Reetta , Merkouriadi Ioanna , Scheiblauer Stefan , Rott Helmut , Nagler Thomas , Ripper Elisabeth , Elder Kelly , Marshall Hans-Peter , Fromm Reinhard , Adams Marc , Derksen Chris , King Joshua , Meta Adriano , Coccia Alex , Rutter Nick , Sandells Melody , Macelloni Giovanni , Santi Emanuele , Leduc-Leballeur Marion , Essery Richard , Menard Cecile , Kern Michael
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The European Space Agency SnowSAR instrument is a side-looking,
dual-polarised (VV/VH), X/Ku band synthetic aperture radar (SAR), operable
from various sizes of aircraft. Between 2010 and 2013, the instrument was
deployed at several sites in Northern Finland, Austrian Alps and northern
Canada. The purpose of the airborne campaigns was to measure the
backscattering properties of snow-covered terrain to support the development
of snow water equivalent retrieval techniques using SAR. SnowSAR was
deployed in Sodankylä, Northern Finland, for a single flight mission in
March 2011 and 12 missions at two sites (tundra and boreal forest) in
the winter of 2011–2012. Over the Austrian Alps, three flight missions were
performed between November 2012 and February 2013 over three sites located
in different elevation zones representing a montane valley, Alpine tundra
and a glacier environment. In Canada, a total of two missions were flown in
March and April 2013 over sites in the Trail Valley Creek watershed,
Northwest Territories, representative of the tundra snow regime. This paper
introduces the airborne SAR data and coincident in situ information
on land cover, vegetation and snow properties. To facilitate easy access to
the data record, the datasets described here are deposited in a permanent
data repository (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.933255,
Lemmetyinen et al., 2021).
Permafrost changes in the northwestern Da Xing'anling Mountains, Northeast China, in the past decade
Authors: Chang Xiaoli , Jin Huijun , He Ruixia , Zhang Yanlin , Li Xiaoying , Jin Xiaoying , Li Guoyu
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Under a pronounced climate warming, permafrost has been degrading
in most areas globally, but it is still unclear in the northwestern part of
the Da Xing'anling Mountains, Northeast China. According to a 10-year observation of permafrost and active-layer temperatures, the multi-year
average of mean annual ground temperatures at 20 m was −2.83, −0.94,
−0.80, −0.70, −0.60, and −0.49 ∘C, respectively, at boreholes Gen'he4 (GH4), Mangui3 (MG3), Mangui1 (MG1), Mangui2 (MG2), Gen'he5 (GH5),
and Yituli'he2 (YTLH2), with the depths of the permafrost table varying from 1.1 to 7.0 m. Ground cooling at shallow depths has been detected, resulting in
declining thaw depths in Yituli'he during 2009–2020, possibly due to
relatively stable mean positive air temperature and declining snow cover and a dwindling local population. In most study areas (e.g., Mangui and Gen'he),
permafrost warming is particularly pronounced at larger depths (even at 80 m). These results can provide important information for regional development
and engineering design and maintenance and also provide a long-term ground temperature dataset for the validation of models relevant to the thermal
dynamics of permafrost in the Da Xing'anling Mountains. All of the datasets
are published through the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center (TPDC), and
the link is https://doi.org/10.11888/Geocry.tpdc.271752 (Chang,
2021).
Development of a Seismic Loss Prediction Model for Residential Buildings using Machine Learning – Christchurch, New Zealand
Authors: Roeslin Samuel , Ma Quincy , Chigullapally Pavan , Wicker Joerg , Wotherspoon Liam
Published: September 2022

Abstract. This paper presents a new framework for the seismic loss prediction of residential buildings in Christchurch, New Zealand. It employs data science techniques, geospatial tools, and machine learning (ML) trained on insurance claims data from the Earthquake Commission (EQC) collected following the 2010–2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (CES). The seismic loss prediction obtained from the ML model is shown to outperform the output from existing risk analysis tools for New Zealand for each of the main earthquakes of the CES. In addition to the prediction capabilities, the ML model delivered useful insights into the most important features contributing to losses during the CES. ML correctly highlighted that liquefaction significantly influenced buildings losses for the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The results are consistent with observations, engineering knowledge, and previous studies, confirming the potential of data science and ML in the analysis of insurance claims data and the development of seismic loss prediction models using empirical loss data.
Applying prior correlations for ensemble-based spatial localization
Authors: Chang Chu-Chun , Kalnay Eugenia
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Localization is an essential technique for ensemble-based
data assimilations (DAs) to reduce sampling errors due to limited ensembles. Unlike traditional distance-dependent localization, the correlation cutoff method (Yoshida and Kalnay, 2018; Yoshida, 2019) tends to localize the observation impacts based on their background error correlations. This method was initially proposed as a variable localization strategy for coupled systems, but it can also can be utilized extensively as a spatial localization. This study introduced and examined the feasibility of the correlation cutoff method as an alternative spatial localization with the local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF) preliminary on the Lorenz (1996) model. We compared the accuracy of the distance-dependent and correlation-dependent localizations and extensively explored the potential of the hybrid localization strategies. Our results suggest that the correlation cutoff method can deliver comparable analysis to the traditional localization more efficiently and with a faster DA spin-up. These benefits would become even more pronounced under a more complicated model, especially when the ensemble and observation sizes are reduced.