bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protecting spring wheat plants using selenium and pesticides
Authors: Seregina I. I.
Published: February 2024

Abstract The research was carried out in order to find ways to optimize the system of protection of spring wheat crops. In the conducted studies, the effect of combinations of sodium selenite and various pesticides, differing in the specifics of action and biological activity, on the yield and quality of spring wheat of the Yubileinaya 80 variety was studied. Currently, there is a need to achieve a sufficient effect of the action of chemical plant protection products and to obtain a minimum impact on human health and the environment. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of various combinations of chemical plant protection products and methods of using sodium selenite on the yield and grain quality indicators of spring wheat variety Yubileinaya 80. The studies were carried out under the conditions of a vegetative experiment with spring wheat variety Yubileinaya 80. Two methods of using sodium selenite and chemical plant protection agents of different specifics of action were studied: fungicide, herbicide, and insecticide, which were applied in different combinations and at different times. As a result of the studies, the phytotoxicity of the studied preparations of chemical plant protection was revealed, which apparently manifests itself as a result of inhibition of the morphometric indicators of the growth of the root system and vegetative organs of wheat plants, resulting in a violation of the processes of accumulation of assimilates and their outflow to the reproductive organs. Optimal combinations of pesticides and sodium selenite have been established, allowing to obtain reliable changes in yield and quality indicators of wheat grain. It was revealed that the use of selenium treatment before sowing seeds contributed to a decrease in the phytotoxicity of the studied pesticides, as a result of stimulating the processes of absorption by plants and the redistribution of nitrogen to the reproductive organs of wheat, which had a positive effect not only on the yield and quality of spring wheat of the Yubileynaya 80 variety, but also on the external surface microstructure of the fruit shell of the grain. The noted features of the surface of the fruit shell of the grain will reduce losses during grain processing and obtain processed products from such grain of higher quality.
Assessment of Babesia spp. prevalence in various domestic animals across Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Tariq M. , Badshah F. , Khan N. U. , Zafar M. I. , De los Ríos-Escalante P. R. , Ibáñez-Arancibia E. , Mehnaz S. , Mubashir M. , Khan M. S. , Khan M. S. , Rafiq N. , Shaheen N. , Saeed S. , Ben Said M.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Parasitic diseases, notably babesiosis, exert a substantial impact on the global cattle industry, posing challenges to commerce, economies, and human health. This study, conducted in Southern Punjab, Pakistan, aimed to assess the prevalence of Babesia spp. across various livestock species using microscopic and PCR methods. A total of 180 blood samples (60 from each district) were systematically collected from apparently healthy animals, with 36 samples obtained from each domestic animal species, including camel, cattle, buffalo, goat, and sheep, noting that 12 samples were collected from each district for each animal species. Overall prevalence was determined to be 32.8% (59/180), with varying rates among species: 25.0% in cattle, 41.66% in buffalo, 30.55% in goats, 33.3% in sheep, and 33.3% in camels. Microscopic examination revealed slightly varied infection rates among large and small domestic animals (22.2%), while PCR results indicated a 32.8% overall infection rate in both large and small domestic animals, with no statistical significance. District-wise analysis showed regional variations, with Muzaffargarh recording a prevalence rate of 23.33% through microscopic examination, while Lodhran and Bahawalpur recorded 21.67%. PCR results revealed higher rates (38.33%, 26.67%, and 33.33%, respectively), underlining the importance of employing PCR for accurate detection. Examining ruminant types, large ruminants exhibited a 32.4% infection rate, while small domestic animals showed 33.3%, with no significant difference (p=0.897). District-wise prevalence showcased significant variation, with Muzaffargarh demonstrating a 25% prevalence, Lodhran 22%, and Bahawalpur 22%, through microscopic examination. PCR results displayed 38.33%, 27%, and 33.3%, respectively, with no statistical significance. Detailed analysis of individual districts highlighted variations in infection rates among camels, cattle, buffalo, goats, and sheep. The binomial test indicated significant differences through microscopic analysis (P=0.011) but non-significant variations through PCR (P=0.065), emphasizing the precision of PCR. Regional variations in prevalence, notably with Punjab exhibiting the highest frequency (33.87%) and KPK the lowest (13.24%), suggest potential influences from varying veterinary practices and environmental factors. This study underscores the pivotal role of PCR alongside microscopy for accurate babesiosis diagnosis. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of babesiosis prevalence, emphasizing the necessity of advanced molecular techniques for informed control measures.
Disclosure of genetic diversity of mackerel fish (Scomberomorus spp.) in Indonesian waters based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) gene
Authors: Widayanti R. , Limiano J. B. , Sari R. P. , Nugroho S. D. L. S. , Ibrahim A. , Pakpahan S. , Nurjirana
Published: February 2024

Abstract Mackerel fish (Scomberomorus spp.) represents a significant marine fisheries commodity in Indonesia, characterized by its high commercial value and nutritional content. To understand the intraspecific interactions and genetic variability of Scomberomorus spp., a more extensive research of Scomberomorus spp. populations, including both cultivated and wild specimens, is required. This study aimed to explore the genetic diversity of mackerel fish in Indonesian waters, focusing on the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) gene, which encodes the second subunit of cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), is essential for aerobic respiration and energy transformation. Muscle tissue samples from 18 individual mackerel fish collected from various regions in Indonesia, including Palembang, Cilacap, Rembang, Banjarmasin, Ambon, and Fak-Fak Regencies, were utilized. The genomic DNA was isolated and amplified using specific primers: CO2TF (5'-ACCGCTCTGTCACTTTCTTC-3') and CO2TR (5'-ATGTCACTAAGGGTGGTTGG-3'). Subsequently, the obtained amplicons were subjected to sequencing. The sequence data were then analyzed using the MEGA11 and DnaSP 6 software. Our findings revealed 120 variable sites within the 691 base pairs of mtDNA COII sequences, resulting in a nucleotide diversity (Pi) of 0.07169. Furthermore, we identified eight haplotypes, demonstrating a haplotype diversity (Hd) of 0.8889. Remarkably, all mackerel samples from Palembang and Cilacap clustered into discrete haplotypes, specifically haplotype 1 and haplotype 2, respectively. Our phylogenetic analysis delineated three distinct clades. Clade I, closely related to Scomberomorus cavalla, encompassed all individuals from Ambon, Palembang, Rembang, and one from Banjarmasin. Clade II, associated with Scomberomorus niphonius, included individuals from Cilacap and two from Banjarmasin. Clade III, linked to Scomberomorus semifasciatus, exclusively consisted of individuals from Fak-Fak (Papua). In conclusion, Indonesian waters harbor diverse genetic variations within Scomberomorus spp., and population relationships based on the mtDNA COII gene exhibit notable complexities. Future research endeavors should focus on further elucidating the diversity and relationships among Scomberomorus spp. in diverse Indonesian populations.
Morpho-anatomical characterization and DNA barcoding of Artemesia vulgaris L.
Authors: Wahyuni D. K. , Indriati D. T. , Ilham M. , Murtadlo A. A. A. , Purnobasuki H. , Junairiah  , Purnama P. R. , Ikram N. K. K. , Samian M. Z. , Subramaniam S.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Artemisia vulgaris L. belongs to Asteraceae, is a herbal plant that has various benefits in the medical field, so that its use in the medical field can be explored optimally, the plant must be thoroughly identified. This study aims to identify A. vulgaris both in terms of descriptive morpho-anatomy and DNA barcoding using BLAST and phylogenetic tree reconstruction. The morpho-anatomical character was observed on root, stem, and leaf. DNA barcoding analysis was carried out through amplification and alignment of the rbcL and matK genes. All studies were conducted on three samples from Taman Husada (Medicinal Plant Garden) Graha Famili Surabaya, Indonesia. The anatomical slide was prepared by the paraffin method. Morphological studies revealed that the leaves of A. vulgaris both on the lower-middle part and on the upper part of the stem have differences, especially in the character of the stipules, petioles, and incisions they have. Meanwhile, from the study of anatomy, A. vulgaris has an anomocytic type of stomata and its distribution is mostly on the ventral part of the leaves. Through the BLAST process and phylogenetic tree reconstruction, the plant sequences being studied are closely related to several species of the genus Artemisia as indicated by a percentage identity above 98% and branch proximity between taxa in the reconstructed phylogenetic tree.
Exploring of pyrazinamidase recombinant activity from PZA-sensitive and resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)
Authors: Purkan P. , Hadi S. , Retnowati W. , Sumarsih S. , Wahyuni D. K. , Piluharto B. , Panjaitan T. M. , Ifada C. , Nadila A. , Nabilah B. A.
Published: February 2024

Abstract The mutations of pncA gene encoding pyrazinamidase/PZase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are often associated with pyrazinamide/PZA resistance. The H and R1 isolates showed significant phenotypic differences to PZA. The H isolate was PZA sensitive, but R1 was PZA resistant up to 100 ug/ml. The paper reports the pncA profile for both isolates and the activity of their protein expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The 0.6 kb of each pncA genes have been subcloned successfully into the 5.4 kb pET30a vector and formed the pET30a-pncA recombinant with a size of 6.0 kb. The pncAR1 profile exhibited base mutations, but not for pncAH against to pncA from the PZA-sensitive M. tuberculosis H37RV published in Genbank ID: 888260. Three mutations were found in pncAR1, ie T41C, G419A, and A535G that subsequently changed amino acids of Cys14Arg, Arg140His and Ser179Gly in its protein level. The mutant PZase R1 that expressed as a 21 kDa protein in E. coli Bl21(DE3) lost 32% of its performance in activating PZA drug to pyrazinoic acid/POA compared to the wild-type PZase H. The mutation in the pncAR1 gene that followed by the decreasing of its PZase activity underlies the emergence of pyrazinamide resistance in the clinical isolate. Structural studies for the R1 mutant PZase protein should be further developed to reveal more precise drug resistance mechanisms and design more effective TB drugs.
Morphometry and morphology of fish otoliths on the coast of the state of Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Santos K. F. S. , Silva L. N. , Silva N. B. A. , Fernandes J. F. F. , Garcia A. V. S. , Figueiredo M. B.
Published: February 2024

Abstract The main objective of this study was to evaluate the biometric relationships between the species Bagre bagre, Lutjanus synagris and Nebris microps and their otoliths. The relationship between the size of the otolith (length and weight) and the size of the fish (standard length and total weight) was determined using the linear regression model (y = a + bx). For the morphological description, the otoliths of three specimens were selected by standard length class (10mm). The morphological characters analyzed were chosen according to traditional literature. Three hundred eight specimens of B. bagre, 200 of L. synagris and 237 of N. microps were analyzed. Throughout the collection period, the source of the capture of individuals was the municipality of Raposa. The linear correlations for fish and otolith length for B. bagre were 0.9129 and 0.9652, respectively. For L. synagris, the coefficients were 0.8634 and 0.8672, while for N. microps, 0.9597 and 0.8636, respectively. The morphological classification of L. synagris and N. microps is of the Saggita type, and the B. bagre species is of the Lapillus type. From the data presented here, it is possible to observe that otolith morphometric and morphological data can serve as a parameter to estimate the relationship between the fish and the otolith in terms of its biomass and the length of an individual and a population.
Assessment of the state of vegetation cover of recultivated dumps of uranium deposits in Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: Bugubaeva A. , Chashkov V. , Mamikhin S. , Kuprijanov A. , Kuanyshbaev S. , Nugmanov A. , Bulaev A. , Shcheglov A. , Manakhov D. , Zharlygasov Zh. , Isakaev Y. , Uxikbayeva M. , Badawy W. , Joldassov A.
Published: February 2024

Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the processes of plant community formation on recultivated dumps of spent uranium-containing industrial waste from uranium deposit mines, as well as to identify the degree of impact of agro-climatic factors, agrochemical indicators of soils of recultivated dumps, and the level of residual ionizing radiation on the productivity of the emerging vegetation cover. Studies of plant colonization of recultivated Grachevsky and Shantobinsky uranium mine dumps located in Northern Kazakhstan were carried out. The mining and technical stage of reclamation consisted of planning a dump with slopes of 15° and covering it with a 1 m layer of chestnut soil. In total, 30-35 plant species are present in the dumps, the projective coverage is approximately the same (56.6-70.0%), and the herbage density is 15-16.6 plants/100 m2. As a result of the measures taken to recultivate the dumps, the intensity of the background ionizing radiation at the Grachevsky mine dump was in the range of 25-35 µR/hr and at the Shantobinsky mine dump 10-25 µR/hr, which indicates compliance with safety standards. The plant species which can be used for artificial plant colonization of uranium-containing waste dumps, were identified.
Characterizing functional morphology and trophic niches in a neotropical Characiforms (Actinopterygii: Teleostei) assemblage in middle Munim River basin, Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira E. S. , South J. , Guimarães E. C. , Vieira L. O. , Campos D. S. , Ottoni F. P.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Understanding how functionally similar species segregate resources to minimize competition is vital for predicting evolutionary factors and patterns of coexistence. We conducted a study in Mata de Itamacaoca, in the middle Munim River basin, Maranhão, northeastern Brazil, to characterize the functional morphology and trophic niches of five coexisting Characiform species in this area - including a recently described species, and to investigate whether their functional morphology is a key determinant of their trophic niches. Our analysis of functional morphology and diet, employing linear measurements to predict dietary specializations, showed that these species are predominantly generalist insectivores with a significant morphological overlap. This study underscores the influence of species' natural history on their ecological characteristics, contributing to more effective conservation strategies.
In vitro investigation on Pennisetum purpureum leaf extracts grown in Indonesia of phytochemical components, optical characteristics, and antioxidant-antibacterial activities
Authors: Budiyanto M. , Puspitarini S. , Prasetyo S. , Subekti H. , Birhan Y. S. , Qosyim A. , Ilhami F. B.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Medicinal plants hold significant cultural significance and play a crucial role in the advancement of potentially safe drugs for the therapy of disease worldwide. Pennisetum purpureum or elephant grass has been used for traditional medications in Indonesia without understanding the phytochemicals of those plants. Herein, our report revolves around the qualitative and quantitative examination of phytochemical components, optical properties, antioxidants, and antibacterial assessments of solvent fractions derived from Pennisetum purpureum leaf. The Pennisetum purpureum leaf was successfully soaked with ethanol, n-hexane, and chloroform. The study aimed to assess the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total alkaloid content (TAC) within different of extracts. The optical properties of extract were analyzed by absorption light and photoluminescent. Moreover, evaluation of antioxidant activities of extracts through DPPH free radical scavenging and FRAP assays, followed by an evaluation of their effectiveness in antibacterial therapy against different bacterial strains. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical of Pennisetum purpureum presented as highest in ethanol TPC (85.5 mg GAE/g extracts), TFC (87.9 mg QE/g extracts), and TAC (86.2 mg ATE/g extracts) as compared to other solvents extract. Pennisetum purpureum extract had antioxidant capacity against DPPH radical and FRAP assay. Furthermore, each of the samples displayed antibacterial effectiveness that was dependent on the dosage towards different strains of bacteria. Our findings clearly demonstrated that Pennisetum purpureum leaf extracts grown in Indonesia containing alkaloid, flavonoid, glycoside, saponin, steroids, tannin, and terpenoids that support its capability as antioxidant and antibacterial.
Heritability and amylose content in hybrid lines of late-generation rice with colored pericarp
Authors: Baiseitova G. , Berkimbay Kh. , Mynbayeva D. , Nussupova A. , Amirova A. K. , Usenbekov B. , Kulakhmetova Z. , Yernazarova G. , Yussayeva D. , Kazkeyev D. , Mukhambetzhanov S.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Improving grain quality in rice breeding is one of the main tasks. This concerns the creation of rice varieties with colored pericarp uncommon in the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the assessment of its quality is an important stage of breeding. Rice with colored pericarp is an important dietary crop, more useful for the human body than white rice. Regardless of the type of rice, the amount of amylose in rice grain is a crucial indicator that determines the quality of rice. The paper presents the results of electrophoretic separation of spare grain proteins of rice hybrids and dihaploids with colored pericarp and their parent forms obtained as a result of the hybridization of varieties with colored pericarp (Black Rice (China), Mavr (Russia), and Yir 5815 (Ukraine)) with white rice varieties zoned in Kazakhstan. The hybridization of the rice varieties with colored pericarp with white rice varieties was carried out to obtain rice varieties with colored pericarp oriented to the soil and climate of Kazakhstan. Analyzing the results of electrophoresis and the amount of amylose, it was found that hybrid lines differed in amylose content. One of the studied hybrids was high in amylose, four had a medium amylose content, ten had a low amylose content, three had a very low amylose content, and six were glutinous. According to the results of electrophoretic separation of spare rice grain proteins, the spectrum of the enzyme determining amylose was detected in five hybrids, which corresponds to the results of spectrophotometric determination of amylose: high amylose in one hybrid and medium amylose content in four. The results show that the hybrids obtained as a result of hybridization are true hybrids and as a result of long-term selection, the amylose content in the F7-F8 hybrids stabilized. The hybrids can be used in further breeding of rice with colored pericarp.
A gênese da interpretação probabilística em livros didáticos de mecânica quântica
Authors: Souza Daniel S. , Lima Nathan W. , Karam Ricardo A. S.
Published: February 2024

Neste artigo propomos uma análise de vinte livros didáticos utilizados no ensino de Física em cursos de licenciatura e bacharelado, com o objetivo de investigar como eles abordam e justificam a interpretação probabilística do quadrado do módulo da função de onda na Mecânica Quântica. Do ponto de vista do ensino de física, destaca-se a importância de ensinar não apenas os conceitos científicos, mas também as justificativas subjacentes a esses conceitos. Nesse sentido, a discussão da análise das obras busca amparo nas fontes primárias e secundárias que tratam sobre a temática. As principais questões a serem respondidas são quais argumentos e evidências são apresentados para legitimar a interpretação probabilística associada a função de onda e quais limitações são identificadas em cada abordagem didática adotada.
Covid longa, a pandemia que não terminou
Authors: Segata Jean , Löwy Ilana
Published: February 2024

Resumo O artigo explora a complexidade e as incertezas atuais sobre a covid longa, uma entidade nosológica emergente pós-covid-19, com contornos imprecisos e caracterizada por sintomas imprevisíveis e persistentes. Baseado em relatos de pessoas afetadas e equilibrando a revisão da literatura médica e jornalística sobre o tema, a história da ciência e a etnografia em saúde, o trabalho descreve e analisa as políticas de reconhecimento e de cuidado da doença em um contexto de injustiça epistêmica. O artigo contesta as representações da covid longa como uma condição meramente transitória, argumentando que, diferentemente das promessas de plena recuperação, o que tem ganhado forma é emergência de uma nova pessoa cuja biografia passa a ser reescrita com a covid longa. Para essas pessoas, o reconhecimento pleno da covid longa como uma entidade patológica distinta, aliado à validação de seu conhecimento experimental, significa mais do que simplesmente abrir possibilidades concretas para alívio do sofrimento físico e mental. Isso também representa justiça, reparação e um passo adiante na reconstrução de suas vidas.
Long COVID, the unending pandemic
Authors: Segata Jean , Löwy Ilana
Published: February 2024

Abstract The article explores the complexity and current uncertainties concerning long COVID, an emerging nosological entity with vague contours and characterised by unpredictable and persistent symptoms and absence of ‘objective diagnosis’. Based on accounts of the affected individuals and balancing the review of medical and journalistic literature on the subject, historical approach and ethnography, this work describes and analyses the policies of recognition and care of this condition in a context of epistemic injustice. The article contests the representations of long COVID as a merely transient disorder arguing that, unlike the promises of full recovery, what is taking shape is the emergence of a new individual whose biography is being rewritten by long COVID. For these people, full recognition of long COVID as a distinct pathological entity, coupled with the validation of their experimental knowledge, means more than merely opening concrete possibilities for relief from physical and mental suffering. It also represents justice, repair, and a further step towards the reconstruction of their lives.
Characteristics of house calls in Brazil: analysis of PMAQ-AB external evaluation cycles
Authors: Rocha Luan Henrique Honório , Ribeiro Ana Graziela Araujo , Silva Vanessa Almeida , Sousa Francenilde Silva de , Thomaz Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze characteristics of the home visit (HV) in Brazil, 2012 and 2017. Methods: Ecological study, with panel data whose units of analysis were the Primary Health Care teams in Brazil, participants of the 1st and 3rd cycles of the Program to Improve Access and Quality of Primary Care of the Unified Health System. Descriptive, inferential and spatial analyzes (alpha=5%) were performed. Results: There was an increase in the proportion of teams that carried out home visits at a frequency defined based on risk and vulnerability analysis and actively searched for people with respiratory symptoms and women with delayed and altered cytopathological examination. In the heat maps, the Northeast, Southeast and South regions had a higher concentration of teams that carried out the HV and carried out an active search. Conclusion: The maintenance and qualification of HVs must be a priority in Brazil, since there are few countries in the world with such capillarity of health services, reaching the homes of millions of people.
Características da visita domiciliar no Brasil: análise de ciclos de avaliação externa do PMAQ-AB
Authors: Rocha Luan Henrique Honório , Ribeiro Ana Graziela Araujo , Silva Vanessa Almeida , Sousa Francenilde Silva de , Thomaz Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar características da visita domiciliar (VD) no Brasil em 2012 e 2017. Métodos: Estudo ecológico com dados em painel cujas unidades de análise foram as equipes de saúde da Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil, participantes do 1º e 3º ciclos do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade da Atenção Básica do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, inferenciais e espaciais (alpha=5%). Resultados: Houve aumento na proporção de equipes que realizavam visita domiciliar com periodicidade definida a partir da análise de risco e vulnerabilidade e na de busca ativa de pessoas com sintomáticos respiratórios e de mulheres com exame citopatológico atrasado e alterado. Nordeste, Sudeste e Sul foram as regiões com maior concentração de equipes que realizavam a VD e faziam busca ativa. Conclusão: A manutenção e qualificação das VD deve ser uma prioridade no Brasil, uma vez que poucos são os países no mundo com tamanha capilaridade dos serviços de saúde, alcançando os domicílios de milhões de pessoas.
Was the COVID-19 epidemic synchronous in space? An analysis in the health regions of the Rio de Janeiro state, 2020-2022
Authors: Amaral Léa de Freitas , Lana Raquel Martins , Bastos Leonardo Soares
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics of COVID-19 in the Rio de Janeiro state within the nine health regions, between March 2020 and December 2022. Methods: The Poisson model with random effects was used to smooth and estimate the incidence of COVID-19 hospitalizations reported in the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEP-Gripe) to verify the synchronicity of the epidemic in the state. Results: The COVID-19 epidemic in the state is characterized by the presence of seven peaks during the analyzed period corresponding to seven found. An asynchrony in hospitalizations was identified, varying according to the different virus variants in the nine health regions of the state. The incidence peaks of hospitalizations ranged from 1 to 12 cases per 100,000 inhabitants during the pandemic. Conclusion: This spatio-temporal analysis is applicable to other scenarios, enabling monitoring and decision-making for the control of epidemic diseases in different areas.
A epidemia de COVID-19 foi síncrona no espaço? Uma análise nas regiões de saúde do estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2020-2022
Authors: Amaral Léa de Freitas , Lana Raquel Martins , Bastos Leonardo Soares
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a dinâmica espaço-temporal de COVID-19 no estado do Rio de Janeiro nas nove regiões de saúde, entre março de 2020 e dezembro de 2022. Métodos: Utilizou-se o modelo de Poisson com efeitos aleatórios para suavizar a curva de incidência de hospitalizações por COVID-19 notificadas no Sistema de Informação da Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe (Sivep-Gripe) para verificar a sincronicidade da epidemia no estado. Resultados: A epidemia de COVID-19 no estado é caracterizada pela presença de sete picos no período analisado correspondentes a sete variantes encontradas. Identificou-se uma assincronicidade nas hospitalizações, variando de acordo com as diferentes variantes do vírus nas nove regiões de saúde do estado. Os picos de incidência das hospitalizações variaram de 1 a 12 casos por 100 mil habitantes no decorrer da pandemia. Conclusão: Essa análise espaço-temporal é extensível em outros cenários, sendo possível o monitoramento e a tomada de decisões de controle de doenças epidêmicas em várias áreas.
A cross-regional study on the recognition of dialectal diversity in the uses of Spanish past tenses in L2 Spanish textbooks
Authors: Cubo Abraham Hernández
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: This analysis continues the examination of the acknowledgement of dialectal variation in L2 Spanish textbooks initiated by Hernández Cubo (2019) and compares its findings with those from that previous study by focusing on the same linguistic aspect: the difference in the uses and semantic scopes of two past tenses – Pretérito Perfecto Compuesto and Pretérito Indefinido – in the Peninsular and Hispanic American macro-varieties. As the study by Hernández Cubo (2019) only examines textbooks produced in Spain, this investigation proposes a cross-regional comparison by evaluating materials from other world regions. Therefore, this research contributes to the investigation of language variation in L2 Spanish instruction by proposing a cross-regional analysis, which shows that the recognition of dialectal diversity within the uses of the aforementioned tenses is not a priority among textbook authors. Works from the USA, France, Germany and Italy present certain levels of dialectal acknowledgement, while the ones from Brazil and the UK constitute the most significantly dialectally sensitive materials regarding the treatment of Spanish past tenses.
Atmosphere modification system for respiration analysis of recalcitrant seeds during storage
Authors: Manoel Gabriel Felipe , Tiné Marco Aurelio , Guardia Marina Crestana , Nievola Catarina Carvalho , Barbedo Claudio José
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The modification of atmosphere composition is a strategy to prolong the storage of organisms susceptible to senescence. Atmospheres with high levels of carbon dioxide could be applied to prolong the viability of recalcitrant seeds, which are in a constant process of deterioration due to intense metabolic activity. However, there is a need to develop methods that allow the standardized generation of these modified atmospheres to isolate the effect of low oxygen from high carbon dioxide. In this study, the generation of modified atmospheres was carried out by experiments with insufflated gas (IG) or compensated vacuum (CV), on recalcitrant Inga vera embryos as an experimental model. In IG, CO2 and N2 were uninterruptedly injected into a mixing chamber, in which the gases underwent turbulence to be homogenized and subsequently applied to the flasks where the embryos were incubated. In CV, the embryos were placed in flasks, from which a fraction of the air present inside was removed, and subsequently, the gases of interest were injected in defined fractions. The CV method proved to be more efficient and it was possible to restrict the respiratory metabolism of the Inga vera embryos by reducing respiration with the increase in carbon dioxide applied exogenously.
A RELEVÂNCIA SOCIAL E POLÍTICA DA HISTÓRIA DAS MULHERES NO BRASIL
Authors: Santos Saionara Bonfim , Vieira Cristina Maria Coimbra , Cavalcanti Vanessa Ribeiro Simon
Published: February 2024

RESUMO O artigo discute a relevância social e política da história das mulheres e a diversidade das mulheres brasileiras, suas histórias e os feminismos plurais vigentes. A história das mulheres deve ser visibilizada, pois estas sempre contribuíram para as sociedades, contudo quais histórias das mulheres têm sido contadas? Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (2009) fala do “perigo de uma história única”, que reforça preconceitos, esvaziando sentidos, valores e lutas. Uma única história desumaniza os sujeitos, se negativa e parcial. Importa refletir como as mulheres vêm atuando na história e que desafios persistem.
CATHARINA MOURA E OS DIREITOS DA MULHER: UM DISCURSO EM MUITAS VOZES
Authors: Nunes Maria Lúcia da Silva , Machado Charliton José dos Santos , Lacet Juliana Lemos
Published: February 2024

RESUMO O artigo propõe uma análise indiciária para identificar e problematizar as leituras que inspiraram Catharina Moura na produção do texto “Os direitos da mulher”, inicialmente apresentado em conferência no ano de 1913 na cidade da Parahyba do Norte (PB) e, posteriormente, com modificações, submetido à banca de congregação da Faculdade de Direito do Recife em 1921, referente ao prêmio de 1912, intitulado “Documentos relativos ao prêmio escolar de 1912”.
QUITÉRIA BINGA, OU A CACICA DO NORDESTE: FORMAÇÃO, EXPERIÊNCIA E AÇÃO POLÍTICA DE UMA LIDERANÇA PANKARARU (1939–2009)
Authors: Barreto Raylane Andreza Dias Navarro , Alves Joanna Maria Rodrigues
Published: February 2024

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é desvelar os processos (auto)formativos e as atuações da líder indígena Quitéria Binga (1939–2009), do povo indígena pankararu, de Pernambuco, que tem um histórico de lutas pela terra e pelo direito à vida. Assim, este trabalho, matizado pela relação entre biografia e história, tem cunho bibliográfico e documental. A investigação revelou não somente as opressões direcionadas aos povos indígenas, mas também como Quitéria Binga, por causa das suas ações, forjadas em circunstâncias de privações, medo e violência, foi considerada a cacica do nordeste.
MULHERES GESTORAS UNIVERSITÁRIAS: PERFIL E ENFRENTAMENTOS (2010–2020)
Authors: Corrêa Rosa Lydia Teixeira , Oliveira Marlene de
Published: February 2024

RESUMO O trabalho analisou elementos de perfil profissional e aspectos da trajetória de mulheres gestoras universitárias de instituições de ensino superior na Ibero-América – Brasil, Argentina, Espanha, México e Peru – entre 2010 e 2020. A pesquisa tem abordagem qualitativa, é situada na história da educação recente e foi realizada por meio de entrevistas. Os dados coletados foram analisados segundo categorias em Laurence Bardin (2016). Os resultados indicaram gestoras com formação em nível de pós-doutorado para as funções de decanas e coordenadoras de área. Constataram-se enfrentamentos, sem indicação de modos de combatê-los.
In vitro gas production from pearl millet cultivars under nitrogen levels
Authors: FRANÇA Aldi Fernandes de Souza , SILVA Nelson Rafael da , OLIVEIRA Leonardo Guimarães , BRUNES Ludmilla Costa , CORRÊA Daniel Staciarini , NASSAR Reginaldo Ferreira , JACOVETTI Reginaldo , SILVA PAUSE Alzira Gabriela da
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro gas production from three pearl millet cultivars submitted to four nitrogen levels. The treatments consisted of three pearl millet cultivars (ADR 500, ADR 7020, and LABH 70732) and four nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100, and 200 kg/ha), using urea as the nitrogen source. A 3 x 4 factorial experimental design, employing a randomized block setup, was used to assess both gas production and digestibility. No interaction was observed between nitrogen doses and fermentative parameters on in vitro gas production from the dry matter of pearl millet cultivars. Nitrogen had no impact on the dry matter content or chemical composition of the cultivars. Consistency prevailed in the chemical composition across the various cultivars, a trend that extended to the gas production rates for both soluble and insoluble contents. Notably, nitrogen fertilizer exerted an influence on the fermentation pattern of organic matter, gas production, and lag time for the cultivars. Nitrogen fertilization is advised solely for enhancing fermentative attributes in the case of the cultivar ADR 7020.
Productive and economic efficiency in finishing reproductive cull ewe lambs with high concentrate diets
Authors: GREGÓRIO Odair Aparecido , SANDINI Itacir Eloi , FALBO Margarete Kimie , ANDRADE Marcos Rafael de , SZYCHTA Marina , BRANQUINHO Marcela Calciolari
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the performance of reproductive culled lambs kept in confinement, through weight gain, carcass yield, and the state of non-carcass components using two high concentrate diets (90%). One diet was formulated on the property compared to commercially available concentrate. The cost-benefits of each diet were analyzed and compared. We used 24 Corriedale lambs, aged 180 days weighing an average of 28 ± 4 kg. The animals were randomly separated into two groups: the commercial concentrate group (CC) which received 0.4% and 4% of their live weight in Tifton hay and commercial concentrate, respectively, and the property concentrate group (CP) received hay and a high-concentrate diet produced on the property (using whole grain corn as a base), in the same proportions. The study was conducted, for a period of 55 days, along with ten days of adaptation, until they reached 40 ± 2 kg body weight (BW). Animals in the property concentrate group achieved a higher average daily gain (0.232 kg/day), but there was no significant difference in carcass yield between the groups The weights of non-carcass components such as the liver, spleen, and kidneys with fat were higher in the concentrate group. The property concentrate group presented a net income of R$ 0.40, while the animals that received the commercial concentrate presented a negative income of R$ - 0.45, per day. Therefore, the use of a high-grain diet produced on the property under the conditions of this study allowed for better weight gain, and a better cost-benefit ratio.
Reproductive aspects of females of Leporinus lacustris Campos, 1945 (Characiformes, Anostomidae) in a Neotropical floodplain
Authors: Schmidt Amanda Borges dos Santos , Santana Herick Soares de , Tos Claudenice Dei
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Aim This study evaluates the reproduction and fecundity of Leporinus lacustris in upper Paraná River floodplain environments with the objectives to (i) recognize the germ cells of folliculogenesis and oogenesis; (ii) characterize reproductive phases; (iii) investigate oocyte diameter and evaluate if this species has group synchronous or asynchronous oocyte development and if spawning is total or batch; (iv) estimate batch fecundity; (v) establish the relationship between fecundity/ovary weight, standard length, and total weight; (vi) verify the reproductive areas of this species in the upper Paraná River floodplain. Methods Sampling was carried out using gillnets in rivers, and open and closed lagoons, in March, June, September, and December 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2019 and March and September 2017. A total of 442 females were sampled and 111 subsampled, each of which had an ovary removed and fixed in Bouin solution. A subsample of 20 ovaries in the spawning capable phase were fixed in a 4% buffered formaldehyde solution to estimate the diameter of the oocytes and fecundity. The ovaries were dehydrated, embedded in historesin, cut, stained, and evaluated as regards folliculogenesis, oogenesis, development phases, and reproduction areas. Results The germ cells recorded were differentiated oogonia, primary and secondary growth oocytes, fully-grown and mature oocytes, and post-ovulatory follicles that permitted the recognition of the reproductive phases. Oocyte diameter information revealed that the species has group synchronous oocyte development, determinate fecundity and batch spawning, and eliminates an average of 38,490 oocytes. Conclusions The fact that Leporinus lacustris is reproductively successful in the Baía River and in the Fechada, Guaraná, Patos, Garças, Ventura and Ressaco do Pau Véio lagoons strengthens the importance of the areas of environmental protection of the islands and lowlands of the Paraná River, Ilha Grande National Park and Ivinheima River State Park.
Estrategias para contribuir con la renaturalización urbana
Authors: Cheje Hermila Ruth Cutipa , Coaquira Guinder Edson Pari
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir las estrategias para contribuir a la renaturalización urbana, cuya metodología es de enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño fenomenológico y básico, para ello la investigación se fundamenta en fundamentos teóricos. En cuanto a los participantes, la investigación considera un total de cinco infraestructuras, a las cuales se les aplicaron los instrumentos de la ficha de observación, siendo previamente validados por tres especialistas. Los resultados coincidieron en que la renaturalización urbana mejora la calidad del paisaje, la biodiversidad y el bienestar de los ciudadanos al mantener el equilibrio entre los espacios verdes, la equidad y la participación ciudadana en las ciudades, y la naturalización urbana, lo que implica desarrollar procedimientos de intervención pública que proporcionen una base sólida. base conceptual para cumplir con el objetivo general de contribuir a la renaturalización urbana. Además, la implementación de Soluciones Basadas en la Naturaleza (SbN) se destaca como una estrategia clave para mejorar la resiliencia urbana y la calidad de vida, alineándose con el objetivo del mercado de integración natural del espacio público.
A expansão romana vista das margens
Authors: Scopacasa Rafael
Published: February 2024

Resumo: As discussões sobre o imperialismo romano vêm se atendo aos primeiros momentos desse processo, na Itália dos séculos IV e III a.e.c. Devido à natureza fragmentária das fontes, é difícil entender como o começo da expansão romana foi percebido pelos agentes históricos envolvidos, especialmente por aqueles que vivenciaram o lado mais brutal do processo. Entre esses estavam as comunidades semiurbanizadas das montanhas da Itália central, chamadas imprecisamente de “samnitas” nas fontes greco-romanas. Embora os relatos historiográficos antigos disponíveis sejam tardios e romanocêntricos, podem servir de base para delinear aspectos de como essas comunidades teriam enxergado sua própria subordinação: propõe-se que esses agentes históricos podem ter mantido uma forte e talvez anacrônica percepção de sua própria independência.
De la fidelidad a Felipe IV a la subordinación histórica a la monarquía francesa: la obra de Francesc Martí i Viladamor
Authors: Gloël Matthias
Published: February 2024

Resumen: Este artículo analiza la evolución del discurso histórico-político en la obra de Francesc Martí i Viladamor (1616-1687/89). Se investigaron cuatro trabajos de Martí i Viladamor escritos entre 1640 y 1646, período que abarca la Revuelta Catalana, el cambio dinástico y la Guerra Franco-Hispana. Los textos seleccionados son de 1640, 1641, 1644 y 1646. El análisis que se llevó a cabo se basa en a historia de las ideas y de los conceptos, al considerar conceptos políticos centrales del Antiguo Régimen, tales como obediencia, fidelidad, tiranía y monarquía electiva. Para conseguir realizar giros en su discurso político, Francesc Martí Viladamor utiliza hábilmente esos conceptos.
Water vapour permeability of inorganic construction materials
Authors: Hall Christopher , Lo Gloria J. , Hamilton Andrea
Published: February 2024

Water vapour permeability (WVP) data on brick, stone, plaster and cement-based materials from some seventy publications are reviewed and assessed. Almost all sources use standard cup-test methods or close variants. Comparisons of WVP values from different sources on similar materials confirm that reproducibility between different laboratories is poor. Some deficiencies of cup-test methods are discussed, including uncertainties arising from the use of saturated-salt humidistats and desiccants. There is evidence that the water vapour resistance factor decreases as volume-fraction porosity increases, and data support a simple porosity–tortuosity relation. Data also show that the resistance factor decreases with increasing mean relative humidity across the test specimen, with the wet-cup value consistently lower than the dry-cup values for a given material. The contribution of liquid film flow to mass transfer is discussed. It is shown how film thickness and film-flow permeability may be estimated from the water-vapour sorption isotherm; and a related regression equation is developed It is concluded that available data are inadequate to establish the fundamental physics of WVP; vapour-only permeability data for engineering purposes should be obtained in dry-cup tests at low humidity; and research studies should aim to integrate the WVP into the framework of unsaturated flow theory.
Effect of sand gradations on the fresh properties of 3D printable concrete
Authors: Kaliyavaradhan Senthil Kumar , Ambily Parukutty Sanker , Shekar Deepadharshan , Sebastian Shilpa
Published: February 2024

Sand is frequently used as a fine aggregate in concrete mixtures, but the performance of concrete can be considerably impacted by regional variations in sand gradation. In this work, the effect of sand gradations on the fresh properties of three-dimensionally printable concrete (3DPC) mixtures was systematically investigated. The binder combinations (cement, fly ash, silica fume, limestone powder, ground granulated blast-furnace slag) and the water/binder ratio were kept constant throughout the trials. The sands used in the mixtures were standard Ennore sand (ES) (grades I, II and III) and locally available river sand (RS). The mini-slump heights and flow values of mixes made with RS and with optimal packing of binary and ternary combinations of the standard ESs were evaluated and compared with those of the unary packing of ESs and RS. A correlation between the fineness modulus of different sand gradations and printable flow time was determined. The influence of sand gradations and fineness modulus on buildability, shape retention, open time and extrudability were evaluated. It was found that the performance of the fresh 3DPC was influenced by the aggregate's gradation and grain size in addition to its fineness. In conclusion, different fine aggregate specifications must be chosen depending on the various 3D printing building conditions and design requirements.
Elaboración de diagramas de flujo con estructuras repetitivas y arreglos
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Patiño Martínez Francy Yaneth , Torres Londoño Carlos Ignacio , Chica Sosa Piedad
Published: February 2024

Este documento se elaboró con el objetivo de proporcionar al lector una guía detallada que lo oriente en el diseño de algoritmos, expresados en diagrama de flujo, que requieran ciclos repetitivos y almacenamiento de datos en arreglos. Aquí encontrará las explicaciones de los conceptos relacionados con las estructuras repetitivas y los arreglos, su simbología y la notación estándar utilizada para su elaboración. Se proporcionan algunas herramientas de software útiles para la creación de estos diagramas. Finalmente, se especifica el proceso paso a paso para su elaboración y se proponen algunos ejercicios de práctica.
DIGITALIZATION OF EDUCATION IN KYRGYZSTAN: EXPERIENCE, PROBLEMS, PROSPECTS
Authors:   Bishkek Humanities University named after K. Karasaev, Murzakhmedova Gulnara
Published: February 2024

The author of the article focuses on the fact that digitalization is becoming an integral part of the life of the whole society today. Through the use of digitalization opportunities, it is possible to improve the activities of the education sector. Today, education, as the engine of all positive principles of a dynamically developing society, plays a leading role in the process of digitalization. In the article, the author tried to show the problems and prospects for the development of the digitalization process in the field of education related to the training of IT specialists for the country's economy, as well as retraining and professional development of teachers. Our universities have a lot to do to make getting additional education and retraining for people of all ages and professions, including regional universities, easier and more accessible in every sense.