bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Synthesis Temperature on the Properties of SnO2 Thin Films via Hydrothermal Precipitation Method
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhang Jia , Pang Cai Liang , Wang Zong Li , Li Jin Shi , Deng Da , Song Jie Guang , Chen Lin , Hao Cheng Wei
Published: August 2018

To provide reference for optimizing the photoelectric conversion efficiency, we studied the effects of salt–alkali molar ratio on the properties of tin oxide nanofilms. We found that when the hydrothermal temperature was increased to 80 °C, the film growth was not complete. With a hydrothermal temperature of 120 °C, the film became more complete and structured. However, at 160 °C, thick and very irregular tin dioxide (SnO2) crystal particles were deposited on the FTO conductive glass surface. With the increase in heat treatment temperature, crystallization became more and more dense and complete. At 80 °C hydrothermal temperature, the simulated peak of the surface and number of peaks became smaller. However, they significantly increased with a hydrothermal temperature of 120 °C. When the hydrothermal temperature was at 160 °C, the surface simulated peak increased, but the number of peaks decreased. Moreover, the diameter of each peak was greatly increased. The film obtained via the hydrothermal method was relatively pure, and Sn(OH)3 was not completely converted into SnO2.
Preparation of β"-Alumina with η Type Nanometer Alumina Powder via Solid Phase Synthesis
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Ling , Chang Yan An , Liu Jin Han
Published: August 2018

Beta”-alumina is a fast ion conductor material,it was uesd to prepare a new electrolyte for a secondary energy sodium sulfur battery. nanoeta-alumina has the advantages of high activity and small size,which can reduce the synthesis temperature of beta”-alumina. Beta”-alumina is prepared with Sodium carbonate and eta-alumina amount of substance ratio of 1:5.5 via solid phase synthesis.This paper mainly investigate the temperature on the influence of the content of beta”-alumina and the samples’ crystal structure.The samples were characterized by XRD and SEM.The results show that the mixed powder react to form rhombohedral beta”-alumina at 1100°C;the highest content of beta”-alumina is 87.26% at 1200°C;the beta”-alumina decompose and part of beta”-alumina gradually transform into hexagonal beta-alumina at 1300°C;the content of beta”-alumina reduce and the grain grow at 1400°C; particle of the sample grow irregular and its crystal morphology is incomplete at 1500°C.
P-Type Molecular Sieve Antibacterial Agent and Hydrothermal Control
Authors: Gao Sha Sha , Wang Xiu Li , Pei Yin Chang , Meng Xiang Jian , Chen Nan Chun
Published: August 2018

P-type molecular sieve antimicrobial agents, which were grafted with potassium diformate using chitosan as an intermediat, were synthesized from hydrothermal process. The effects of hydrothermal process conditions (pH, reaction time, reaction temperature and mass ration of P-type molecular sieves: chitosan: potassium diformate) were investigated in detail. XRD, FTIR spectroscopy and SEM were applied to characterized the P-type molecular sieve antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial performance of P-type molecular sieve antimicrobial agents were evaluated with the OD value and growth curve of Staphylococcus aureus. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was introduced to measure the K+ concentration. Under the optimum synthesis condition of P-type molecular sieve antimicrobial agents (reaction temperature=50 °C, reaction time=3 h, and the mass ratio=3:1:2), the inhibitory rate of P-type molecular sieve antimicrobial agents was as high as 89%.
The Tribological Properties of Water Lubricated Ceramics with Silica Nanoparticle Additives
Authors: Ding Mei , Lin Bin , Sui Tian Yi , Yan Shuai , Wei Jin Hua , Wang An Ying
Published: August 2018

Water lubricated ceramics exhibited excellent tribological properties such as super lubricity and good thermal stability. However, long running-in period and low load-carrying capacity limited the application of water lubricated ceramics. Silica nanoparticles have been shown to be highly effective additives for oil lubrication. And because of their economic efficiency, eco-friendliness and excellent tribological properties, silica nanoparticles are considered to be great potential additives for water-based lubricant, especially for ceramic lubrication. Here, we present an exploratory study on silica nanoparticles as water-based lubricant additives for ceramic lubrication. Different silica nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized and added into water as additives. The tribological properties of silica nanoparticles as water based lubricant additives were tested. The tribological mechanism of silica nanoparticles was analyzed. It was found that silica nanoparticles dispersed well and kept stable in water. Both the running-in period and the stable period were influenced by silica nanoparticles. With the optimal 5 wt. % amino modified silica nanoparticles added into the water lubricant, the running-in time dropped by 97.0% and the average friction coefficient by 86.6% compared with the pure water.
Investigation on Magnetoviscous Effects of Water-Based Magnetic Fluid
Authors: Zhang Zhi Li , Di Nan Nan , Bai Le , Yang Yang , Li De Cai
Published: August 2018

Magnetic fluid or called ferro-fluid is such kind of magnetic nanomaterials, which is stable of solid-liquid two phase colloidal solution composited by magnetic nanoparticles coated by surfactant and highly disperse in a carrier liquid. The basis of magnetic fluid widely applied mainly is due to their unique magnetic properties and rheological properties, which enable its action as intelligent control materials in the magnetic field so as to achieve the goal of magnetic liquid dynamic seal, magnetic damping vibration and so on. In our recent research, the water-based magnetic fluid was synthesized using a co-precipitation method and its magnetorheological properties were studied. During the process, the magnetorheological properties of stable water-based magnetic fluids were determined by magnetic rheometer. The results show that the shear-thinning behavior of magnetic fluids was observed both in the absence and presence of magnetic field. However, there was a remarkable magnetoviscous effect with magnetic field function and the unexpected variation of shear stress was related to the chain aggregation. Furthermore, the constitutive equation of water-based magnetic fluid at a low magnetic field was discussed.
Aluminum Cleaning on Single Wafer Tool: A Case Study with Diluted HF
Authors: Broussous Lucile
Published: August 2018

For integrated circuit fabrication on 300 mm wafers, copper interconnections cleaning is generally done with single wafer tools. In this study, we focused on the cleaning of aluminum interconnections, on single wafer tool, with a cheap and easy to use chemistry. Aluminum compatibility with diluted HF solutions was first evaluated, then short and efficient cleaning processes were developped for two kind of applications : cleaning after aluminum line etching and cleaning after final dielectric etching over the aluminum pad. It was demonstrated that cleaning efficiency was poor for the shorter process time (20 s), but improved with process time increase, highlighting a lift-off mechanism for polymers removal. Best process was achieved with 40 s of HF 0.2%, that offers a good compromise between polymer removal and lateral recess of the aluminum.
Effect of Cleaning Chemistries on Cobalt: Surface Chemistries and Electrical Characterization
Authors: Le Quoc Toan , Kesters Els , Akanishi Yuya , van der Veen Marleen H. , Mizutani Atsushi , Holsteyns Frank
Published: August 2018

The etching characteristics of ECD cobalt in different cleaning solutions were characterized using four-point probe, spectroscopic ellipsometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 0.05% HF solution with saturated dissolved oxygen concentration was found to result in a substantial etch of ECD cobalt (~5 nm/min). In contrast, cleaning in the SC1 1:4:100 mixture and the formulated mixture led to a significantly lower etch amount, which could be explained by the formation of a passivation layer at the surface. XPS characterization indicated the formation of a cobalt hydroxide at the surface. The electrical evaluation of the DD structure carried out after cleaning using the formulated chemical mixture and subsequent metallization showed good yield for the 22 nm Kelvin vias, testifying an efficient cleaning of the Co surface at the via bottom.
Vapor-Phase Deposition of N3-Containing Monolayers on SiO2 and Si3N4 for Wafer Scale Biofunctionalization
Authors: Vos Rita , Steylaerts Tim , Franquet Alexis , Moussa Alain , Stakenborg Tim , Jans Karolien
Published: August 2018

The vapor-phase deposition of 11-azidoundecyltrimethoxysilanes at reduced pressure and elevated temperature allows the introduction of azido (N3) functionalized silicon wafer substrates. This process can be optimized by controlling the amount of surface adsorbed water and results in uniform and reproducible self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The N3-SAM density as investigated via TOF-SIMS is comparable on thermal oxide and Si3N4substrates. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that biomolecules can be successfully conjugated on both substrates using azide-alkyne ‘click’ reactions.
Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Enhances the Sensitivity of Hepatocytes to Fas-Mediated Apoptosis via Suppression of AKT Phosphorylation
Authors: Jing Zhen-Tang , Liu Wei , Wu Shu-Xiang , He Yun , Lin Yan-Ting , Chen Wan-Nan , Lin Xin-Jian , Lin Xu
Published: August 2018

The Fas receptor/ligand system plays a prominent role in hepatic apoptosis and hepatocyte death. Although hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface Ag (HBsAg) is the most abundant HBV protein in the liver and peripheral blood of patients with chronic HBV infection, its role in Fas-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis has not been disclosed. In this study, we report that HBsAg sensitizes HepG2 cells to agonistic anti-Fas Ab CH11-induced apoptosis through increasing the formation of SDS-stable Fas aggregation and procaspase-8 cleavage but decreasing both the expression of cellular FLIPL/S and the recruitment of FLIPL/S at the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). Notably, HBsAg increased endoplasmic reticulum stress and consequently reduced AKT phosphorylation by deactivation of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDPK1) and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2), leading to enhancement of Fas-mediated apoptosis. In a mouse model, expression of HBsAg in mice injected with recombinant adenovirus-associated virus 8 aggravated Jo2-induced acute liver failure, which could be effectively attenuated by the AKT activator SC79. Based on these results, it is concluded that HBsAg predisposes hepatocytes to Fas-mediated apoptosis and mice to acute liver failure via suppression of AKT prosurviving activity, suggesting that interventions directed at enhancing the activation or functional activity of AKT may be of therapeutic value in Fas-mediated progressive liver cell injury and liver diseases.
Compliance within virtual teams
Authors: Shwartz-Asher Daphna
Published: August 2018

In light of the growing phenomenon of virtual teams as a new concept within the Human Resources Management (HRM) world, the traditional definition of team member 'compliance' should be redefined. In order to measure the influence of the virtuality level on the team member’s reaction to instructions, an experiment was designed, in which a team task with a set of instructions was given to 150 subjects who participated in virtual or non-virtual task solving' meetings. This study’s main finding indicates that while the structured virtual team members complied with the directive to divide the labor between them and to appoint a chairperson, the structured non-virtual team members did not comply. It seems that pertaining to the task of appointing a chairperson, as for the division of labor, the use of the “formality” variable may explain the compliance of the structured virtual team members as opposed to the lack of compliance among members of the structured non-virtual team members. This research contributes to a better understanding of virtual team HRM strategies in the hope of improving the teams’ compliance and management within today’s virtual world.
Playing with mirrors: Rxploring relationships between the imaginary, the imagined real and the virtual in Second Life
Authors: Procter Lesley
Published: August 2018

Virtual worlds offer intriguing spaces for reconsidering relationships between what we commonly think of as dichotomous manifestations: the imaginary and the real. Through the interactions of presence, co-presence and suspension of disbelief, such virtual worlds render the virtual as real in its consequences (Gottschalk, 2010). Cunningham argues that “reality” is forever changed after virtual reality because it has been “altered by the bleeding of both ‘worlds’ into each other, by their mutual inseparability,” creating a dialogic interaction (Cunningham 2006 p. 16). As, arguably, the most social of virtual worlds, Second Life (SL) is a particularly rich environment in which to explore such relationships. I shall examine the relationships between the imaginary and the real in SL as they play out in one in-world subculture. I shall begin by discussing the nature of the SL Gothic and its relationship to offline Gothic. SL Gothic environments appear to be relatively “faithful” representations of the classic, even clichéd, Gothic ambience found in both classical Gothic literature (such as The Castle of Otranto) and more contemporary Gothic subculture (such as Vampire cults, musical tastes, and individual appearance). Despite, or perhaps because of, this re-presentation in pixel form, however, Gothic SL represents a dimension beyond, and yet linked to, the “through a glass darkly” nature of the offline Gothic. In considering this additional dimension, I shall explore the ways in which SL Gothic acts to amplify the representational nature of Gothic itself. In its representation of a representation of a representation, SL Gothic questions the nature of the imaginary itself and the extent to which “real” and “imaginary” relate in virtual worlds. Finally, I shall consider the ways in which SL Gothic’s amplification of its offline counterpart may cause us to question the very nature of the relationship between imagined real and the imagined as that relationship may play out in multi-user virtual environments (MUVEs). Cunningham, K. (2006). Virtually Transformed: Second Life’s Implications for the Status of the Body. In Meetings of the American Sociological Association. Gottschalk, S. (2010). The Presentation of Avatars in Second Life: Self and Interaction in Social Virtual Spaces. Symbolic Interaction 33(4), 501-525.
East vs. West? More like East and West
Authors: Sivan Yesha Y
Published: August 2018

East vs. West? More like East and West. There is a lot the West and the East can learn from each other. Virtual worlds are perhaps one of the best examples. China, Korea and Japan all present different approaches to virtual life. Technical and social norms reshape each other. These unique Asian perspectives about virtual worlds were the seed for this issue.The second part of this note list the next JVWR issues and events.
Model of incentive system for employees: A case of a manufacturing company in Croatia
Authors: Jakovljevic Maria , Zupan Jelena , Coleman Alfred
Published: August 2018

Background: One of the main determinants of a company’s business performance is the complete mobility and orientation of its employees towards realising the goals of the company. No single aspect of the company has such a powerful, and simultaneously, invisible influence on the behaviour and feelings of its employees as the organisational climate. Organisational learning creates a climate that encourages employees to learn and to develop their potential.Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the incentives and the factors of an organisational climate required to develop a model of an incentive system to motivate employees to work better.Method: A quantitative research methodology was used and data was collected by using a closed-ended type of questionnaire. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The results show that the employees would prefer more incentives, and the factors of a positive organisational climate were far lower than expected by its employees and even lower than what they considered to be essential in order to perform their jobs effectively and to contribute to achieving company objectives.Conclusion: Incentive systems are crucial to employees and the organisational climate and employee satisfaction should be constantly monitored and empowered through an integrated model of incentive system.
Constraints to growth in informal sector activities and formalisation: A case study of Ghanaian slums
Authors: Mahadea Darma , Zogli Luther-King Junior
Published: August 2018

Background: Globally, people often migrate from rural to urban areas in search of employment. Lack of adequate employment opportunities in cities forced individuals to engage in slum informal economic activities out of necessity.Aim: The informal sector presently employed about 86% of labour in Ghana, contributing 42% to its gross domestic product (GDP). Various constraints held back the development of slum informal activities. Formalising the informal sector is advocated as a step to generate employment. This article investigated the dynamics of informal sector activities and formalisation among slum operators in Ghana, based on a survey in two major cities there.Setting: This article investigated the constraints that hinder the development of slum activities in Accra and Kumasi, two cities in Ghana, and examined the informal operators’ subjective well-being and their willingness to graduate to the formal sector, should the constraints be addressed.Methods: Data were collected by means of a questionnaire, administered to a random sample of 342 informal slum operators. Enterprise constraints are examined by using the principal component analysis (PCA) method and the likelihood of the informal operators’ graduating to the formal sector by using logistic regression.Results: The PCA identified six clusters as limitations, explaining about 77% of the variation in constraints. These related to a lack of business knowledge, credit access, tools and materials, security and social networking. The logistic regression results reflect that, of all the constraints, it is only when access to capital is addressed, that slum operators will move into formal activities.Conclusion: When people are happy in what they are doing, they are reluctant to move to the formal sector, despite incentives or interventions that address their enterprise constraints. Hence, slum operators and informal activities are unlikely to disappear. Nevertheless, policy-makers have to devise appropriate financing strategies for slum operators to help in their formalisation and growth pathways.
Gravidez ectópica retroperitoneal
Authors: Santos Leonardo Oliveira , Imbiriba Mauro Carvalho , Neves Breno Serique
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Relatar um caso raro de gravidez ectópica no espaço retroperitoneal, ocorrido em um hospital de ensino e pesquisa, referência no atendimento à gestante de alto risco no estado do Pará. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 24 anos, secundigesta, foi admitida na clínica médica de uma maternidade de médio e alto risco na cidade de Belém/PA, com quadro de êmese e dor na região lombar direita com irradiação para membro inferior direito e abdome normotenso, apresentando massa palpável em hipocôndrio direito, dolorosa à palpação. Os exames de beta HCG, tomografia do abdome e ultrassonografia transvaginal indicaram gravidez ectópica e por meio de laparotomia exploradora foi identificado hematoma em região retroperitoneal, realizando sua dissecação sem intercorrências. Conclusão: O desfecho deste caso ocorreu de maneira favorável, porém a excepcionalidade da localização da gravidez ectópica torna o diagnóstico mais difícil. Logo, ressalta-se a necessidade de maiores estudos sobre a temática, afim de que sua difusão subsidie maiores avanços nas intervenções diagnósticas e terapêuticas, de modo a reduzir a morbimortalidade apresentada por tal condição clínica.
Accountable Care Organizations and Occupational Therapy
Authors: Miller Clarice
Published: August 2018

Accountable care organizations (ACOs) are organized networks or systems that provide services to Medicare beneficiaries under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 with an emphasis on chronic care management. ACOs were instituted under Medicare to achieve value-based purchasing as opposed to simply providing high-volume, fee-for-service care. ACOs must reduce annual care expenditures through Medicare-covered services. Occupational therapy services often play a role along the care continuum of an ACO. This article examines some of the opportunities for occupational therapy to contribute to ACO quality outcomes and value-based care and considers some barriers for full utilization of occupational therapy practitioners in alternative payment models. Evidence-based and client-centered care provided by occupational therapy practitioners can result in increased inclusion of occupational therapy as a valued component of ACOs and other value-based service models.
Experimental and model estimates of the contributions from biogenic monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes to secondary organic aerosol in the southeastern United States
Authors: Xu Lu , Pye Havala O. T. , He Jia , Chen Yunle , Murphy Benjamin N. , Ng Nga Lee
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Atmospheric organic aerosol (OA) has important impacts on
climate and human health but its sources remain poorly understood. Biogenic
monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes are important precursors of secondary organic
aerosol (SOA), but the amounts and pathways of SOA generation from these
precursors are not well constrained by observations. We propose that the
less-oxidized oxygenated organic aerosol (LO-OOA) factor resolved from
positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis on aerosol mass spectrometry
(AMS) data can be used as a surrogate for fresh SOA from monoterpenes and
sesquiterpenes in the southeastern US. This hypothesis is supported by
multiple lines of evidence, including lab-in-the-field perturbation
experiments, extensive ambient ground-level measurements, and
state-of-the-art modeling. We performed lab-in-the-field experiments in
which the ambient air is perturbed by the injection of selected monoterpenes
and sesquiterpenes, and the subsequent SOA formation is investigated. PMF analysis
on the perturbation experiments provides an objective link between LO-OOA and
fresh SOA from monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes as well as insights into the
sources of other OA factors. Further, we use an upgraded atmospheric model
and show that modeled SOA concentrations from monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes
could reproduce both the magnitude and diurnal variation of LO-OOA at
multiple sites in the southeastern US, building confidence in our
hypothesis. We estimate the annual average concentration of SOA from
monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes in the southeastern US to be roughly 2 µg m−3.
The first evaluation of formaldehyde column observations by improved Pandora spectrometers during the KORUS-AQ field study
Authors: Spinei Elena , Whitehill Andrew , Fried Alan , Tiefengraber Martin , Knepp Travis N. , Herndon Scott , Herman Jay R. , Müller Moritz , Abuhassan Nader , Cede Alexander , Richter Dirk , Walega James , Crawford James , Szykman James , Valin Lukas , Williams David J. , Long Russell , Swap Robert J. , Lee Youngjae , Nowak Nabil , Poche Brett
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The Korea–United States Air
Quality Study (KORUS-AQ) conducted during May–June 2016 offered
the first opportunity to evaluate direct-sun observations of formaldehyde
(HCHO) total column densities with improved Pandora spectrometer instruments.
The measurements highlighted in this work were conducted both in the Seoul
megacity area at the Olympic Park site (37.5232∘ N, 27.1260∘ E; 26 m a.s.l.) and at a nearby rural site
downwind of the city at the Mount Taehwa research forest site
(37.3123∘ N, 127.3106∘ E; 160 m a.s.l.).
Evaluation of these measurements was made possible by concurrent ground-based
in situ observations of HCHO at both sites as well as overflight by the NASA
DC-8 research aircraft. The flights provided in situ measurements of HCHO to
characterize its vertical distribution in the lower troposphere (0–5 km). Diurnal variation in HCHO total column densities followed the same pattern at
both sites, with the minimum daily values typically observed between
6:00 and 7:00 local time, gradually increasing to a maximum between 13:00 and
17:00 before decreasing into the evening. Pandora vertical column densities
were compared with those derived from the DC-8 HCHO in situ measured profiles
augmented with in situ surface concentrations below the lowest altitude of
the DC-8 in proximity to the ground sites. A comparison between 49 column
densities measured by Pandora vs. aircraft-integrated in situ data showed
that Pandora values were larger by 16 % with a constant offset of 0.22 DU
(Dobson units; R2=0.68). Pandora HCHO columns were also compared with columns
calculated from the surface in situ measurements over Olympic Park by
assuming a well-mixed lower atmosphere up to a ceilometer-measured
mixed-layer height (MLH) and various assumptions about the small residual
HCHO amounts in the free troposphere up to the tropopause. The best
comparison (slope =1.03±0.03; intercept =0.29±0.02 DU; and
R2=0.78±0.02) was achieved assuming equal mixing within
ceilometer-measured MLH combined with an exponential profile shape. These
results suggest that diurnal changes in HCHO surface concentrations can be
reasonably estimated from the Pandora total column and information on the
mixed-layer height. More work is needed to understand the bias in the
intercept and the slope relative to columns derived from the in situ aircraft
and surface measurements.
Contiguous United States wildland fire emission estimates during 2003–2015
Authors: Urbanski Shawn P. , Reeves Matt C. , Corley Rachel , Silverstein Robin , Hao Wei Min
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Wildfires are a major source of air pollutants in the United States. Wildfire smoke can trigger severe pollution episodes with substantial impacts on public health. In addition to acute episodes, wildfires can have a marginal effect on air quality at significant distances from the source presenting significant challenges to air regulators’ efforts to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Improved emission estimates are needed to quantify the contribution of wildfires to air pollution and thereby inform decision making activities related to the control and regulation of anthropogenic air pollution sources. To address the need of air regulators and land managers for improved wildfire emission estimates we developed the Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI), a retrospective, daily wildfire emission inventory for the contiguous United States (CONUS). MFLEI was produced using multiple datasets of fire activity and burned area, a newly developed wildland fuels map and an updated emission factor database. Daily burned area is based on a combination of Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) data, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) burned area and active fire detection products, incident fire perimeters, and a spatial wildfire occurrence database. The fuel type classification map is a merger of a national forest type map, produced by the USDA Forest Service (USFS) Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program and the Geospatial Technology and Applications Center (GTAC), with a shrub and grassland vegetation map developed by the USFS Missoula Forestry Sciences Laboratory. Forest fuel loading is from a fuel classification developed from a large set (> 26 000 sites) of FIA surface fuel measurements. Herbaceous fuel loading is estimated using site specific parameters with normalized differenced vegetation index from MODIS. Shrub fuel loading is quantified by applying numerous allometric equations linking stand structure and composition to biomass and fuels, with the structure and composition data derived from geospatial data layers of the LANDFIRE Project. MFLEI provides estimates of CONUS daily wildfire burned area, fuel consumption, and pollutant emissions at a 250 m × 250 m resolution for 2003–2015. A spatially aggregated emission product (10 km × 10 km, 1 d) with uncertainty estimates is included to provide a representation of emission uncertainties at a spatial scale pertinent to air quality modelling. MFLEI will be updated, with recent years, as the MTBS burned area product becomes available. The data associated with this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2017-0039.
Aufeis of the Indigirka river basin (Russia): the database
from historical data and recent Landsat images
Authors: Makarieva Olga , Shikhov Andrey , Nesterova Nataliia , Ostashov Andrey
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Detailed spatial geodatabase of aufeis in the Indigirka River, the basin area 305 000 km2, Russia was compiled from the Cadaster of aufeis of the North-East of the USSR published in 1958, topographic maps and Landsat images for 2013–2017. The aufeis area share varies from 0.26 to 1.15 % in different river sub-basins within the studied area. Digitized Cadaster (1958) contains the coordinates and characteristics of 897 aufeises with total area of 2064 km2. The Landsat-based identification of aufeises for 2013–2017 allowed the description of 1213 aufeises on a total area of 128 km2. The combined digital database of the aufeis is available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.891036. The satellite-derived total area of aufeis is 1.6 times less than in the Cadaster (1958). At the same time, more than 600 aufeis identified by Landsat images analyses are missing in the Cadaster (1958). It implies that the aufeis formation conditions may have been changed between the mid-20th century and the present. About 60 % of total area presents 10 % of the largest aufeis. Most aufeis are located in the elevation band of 1100–1300 m. The interannual variability of the aufeis area was estimated by the example of the Bolshaya Momskaya naled (aufeis) and the group of large aufeis in the basin of the Syuryuktyakh River for the period of 2001–2016. The results of analysis indicate a tendency towards a decrease in the area of the Bolshaya Momskaya naled in recent years, at the same time the reduction in the aufeis area in the basin of the Syuryuktyakh River has not occurred.
ANÁLISE DO ABASTECIMENTO HÍDRICO DE BELO HORIZONTE E REGIÃO METROPOLITANA: UMA ABORDAGEM POR MEIO DE DINÂMICA DE SISTEMAS
Authors: De Freitas Rafaella Otoni Miranda , Santos Gisele Tessari , Bahia Eduardo Trindade
Published: August 2018

A água é um recurso natural essencial para a vida no planeta. Nesse contexto,o trabalho teve como objetivo aplicar a metodologia de dinâmica de sistemasà gestão de recursos hídricos da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizontevisando prever cenários de ofertas e demandas hídricas para os próximos15 anos. O principal diferencial do modelo proposto foi, além de consideraros oito sistemas que abastecem a região de maneira integrada, identificaros momentos e locais em que ocorrem os colapsos hídricos. Validou-se omodelo utilizando dados históricos, e simularam-se três cenários paraverificar o comportamento do sistema hídrico adiante da variação de ofertae demanda. A fim de analisar quantitativamente a vulnerabilidade dosrecursos hídricos ao longo do tempo, calculou-se o índice de sustentabilidade.Constatou‑se que existem sistemas que já possuem déficit hídrico desde 2016e sistemas passíveis de colapso que devem ser analisados cuidadosamentepela gestão de recursos hídricos da região.
SANEAMENTO COMO FERRAMENTA PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE DA ÁREA QUILOMBOLA VILA ESPERANÇA, LAPA, PR
Authors: Mercado Miriam Desplanches , Cubas Selma Aparecida , Michaliszyn Mario Sergio
Published: August 2018

Entre os principais problemas enfrentados por comunidades localizadas emáreas rurais ou periurbanas, destaca-se a precariedade de ações no âmbitodo saneamento. Cenário, esse, que favorece a veiculação de doenças e outrosagravos de ordem social que contribuem para a manutenção das condiçõesde vulnerabilidade social, além dos impactos negativos causados aos sistemasecológicos. Tal situação é identificada na Comunidade RemanescenteQuilombola Vila Esperança de Mariental no município da Lapa, estadodo Paraná. O presente trabalho apresenta um plano de ações voltadas aosaneamento como princípio de sustentabilidade, construído a partir de umdiagnóstico sobre a situação ambiental e socioeconômica da população eque, aliado ao projeto de educação ambiental proposto, pode servir comofio condutor de mudanças naquela realidade no que diz respeito a melhoriasdas condições sociais e de saúde da população, além de contribuir para asustentabilidade local. Dentre as alternativas, foram propostos sistemas detratamento de esgoto com zonas de raízes.
ANÁLISE MULTITEMPORAL DO GRAU DE ANTROPIZAÇÃO DA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL MUNICIPAL DO RIO UBERABA, UBERABA, MG
Authors: Guglielmeli Aline Claro de Oliveira , Silva Sonia Maria Lima , Strauch Julia Celia Mercedes
Published: August 2018

A área de proteção ambiental municipal do Rio Uberaba foi criada em 2005com o objetivo de proteger o principal manancial de abastecimento públicoda cidade de Uberaba. Este trabalho objetivou analisar qual o impacto quesua criação teve em relação à regulação do uso e cobertura da terra. Paraisso, foram elaborados os mapas de uso e cobertura da terra para os anosde 2000, 2010 e 2016 usando imagens de satélite Landsat e a seguir foicalculado o índice de transformação antrópica. Como resultado, identificouseque a área em questão é classificada como degradada nos anos de 2000e 2010, todavia, para o ano de 2016 foi considerada regular. Os resultadosdemonstraram que a criação da unidade de conservação contribuiu para aregulação do uso e cobertura da terra.
Arquivo e política: transição e heterotopias constitucionais
Authors: Costa Corrêa Murilo Duarte
Published: August 2018

A Constituição de 1988 não deveria ser pensada como um documento que selaria a passagem da ditadura à democracia no Brasil. De Carl Schmitt a Giorgio Agamben, a teoria do Estado de exceção e sua crítica contribuíram para tornar visível a abscôndita indistinção entre Estado de direito e Estado de exceção. Uma constituição que se sucede a um período de exceção tanto o continua sob novos termos quanto encerra o gérmen para rupturas locais com o passado autoritário que insiste em repetir. Demonstrando algumas dessas relações de continuidade-ruptura na literatura sobre a transição política brasileira, este artigo propõe repensar a Constituição de 1988 a partir da categoria de arquivo, explorando-a no contágio recíproco entre as obras de Michel Foucault e Jacques Derrida. Isso permite desenvolver como saída política possível a relação entre uma política de arquivo e a prática de uma heterotopia constitucional.
Discursos memoriais, uma proposta de investigação histórica
Authors: Amorim de Carvalho Guilherme
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo apresenta uma síntese de reflexões teórico-metodológicas e procedimentos de pesquisa em relação à análise histórica de discursos memorialistas, buscando reconhecer e reconstruir sua dimensão política, assim como as estratégias retóricas utilizadas pelos autores para conferir uma representação ideal da ordem político-social, a partir da qual o seu público receptor poderia reconhecer seus papéis sociais.
The fight against the ‘anti-nation’ as a historical mission: the delegitimization of the enemy in Italian Fascism and Spanish Fascism
Authors: Priorelli Giorgia
Published: August 2018

For the Italian Partito Nazionale Fascista (Pnf) and the Falange Española (Fe), the political community coincided with the nation, conceived not as an undifferentiated conglomeration of citizens but as a community of believers in a ‘religion of the Fatherland’. The common goal of the Italian and the Spanish fascists, since their appearance on the political scene of their respective countries, was the defence of national values. But the claim to being the only and exclusive representatives of those values denied any effective freedom of dissent, even to those who respected national values but intended them in a different way. This article will analyse how the ideologues of the Pnf and the Fe articulated their respective campaigns against the anti-national enemies in order to legitimise their own parties and pave the way to the effective realization of their own nations: nations that had to be clearly and totally fascist.
O mal-estar da experiência no século XXI: desafios para uma nova pedagogia universitária
Authors: Hertzog Vieira Adriano José , Tascheto da Silva Márcio , Dalmolin Bernadete Maria
Published: August 2018

Com o objetivo de potencializar a extensão como mobilizadora da aprendizagem na educação superior, no presente artigo tematizam-se o Manifesto de Córdoba e sua crítica ao modelo instrucionista, no qual a docência detém a soberania do ensino. Em vista disso, argumenta-se, com base em Walter Benjamin (1994), acerca da abstenção da experiência na sociedade capitalista dos séculos XX e XXI e suas repercussões nefastas para o processo de assujeitamento. Em Jean Piaget (2008), busca-se referenciar a experiência como elemento fundamental para que o processo de aprendizagem se realize, tornando-se constituidor das subjetividades. Por fim, busca-se identificar na extensão universitária seu potencial significante para a construção de uma nova pedagogia universitária na qual a experiência é o elemento mobilizador dos processos de conhecer/saber.
A extensão universitária e o futuro da universidade
Authors: Batista de Deus Sandra de Fátima
Published: August 2018

Este estudo propõe uma reflexão sobre o papel da extensão universitária no futuro da universidade brasileira. Para tanto, considera-se que este caminho deve ser pautado pela reflexão em torno dos 100 anos da Reforma de Córdoba, pelos encaminhamentos da Conferência Regional de Educação Superior, pela urgente necessidade de defesa da universidade pública, pela incorporação da Agenda 2030 na pauta da extensão universitária e, muito especialmente, por três componentes que marcam a contradição interna das universidades: os currículos engessados; o acomodamento/desencanto docente e discente e a estrutura universitária distante e com poucas condições de atender as demandas da sociedade. A universidade pública, que cumpre um papel fundamental na sociedade brasileira, tem sido questionada em todos os sentidos. Um questionamento que tem como finalidade o desmonte do ensino público e gratuito e que está calcado na total ignorância sobre o desempenho destas instituições. A extensão universitária tem tarefas importantes a cumprir nestes períodos de turbulência e definição de novas rotas.
Universidade e comunidade sob a ótica do curso Educação do Campo na Unipampa
Authors: Rigon Algacir José , Dalbianco Vinícius Piccin
Published: August 2018

Ao conceber a universidade como parte integrante e fundamental da estrutura social, pretende-se, por meio das experiências do curso de licenciatura Educação do Campo da Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), descrever e discutir a relação entre a universidade e a comunidade. Para cumprir com essa finalidade, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura sobre os temas trazidos, bem como foi analisado o Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional da Unipampa e o Projeto Pedagógico do Curso Educação do Campo, frente aos desafios da formação docente numa proposta não convencional de formação universitária. O Manifesto de Córdoba em 1918 pontuava questões importantes para o protagonismo dos estudantes, bem como para o rompimento com o modelo focado no ensino e na pesquisa, reformando a universidade na direção da abertura para a comunidade e da reestruturação da gestão, com o objetivo de viabilizar maior participação dos estudantes. Com o desafio de formação de um novo educador e de um novo gestor, com foco na formação para a docência, para a gestão, para a política e para a pesquisa, o curso em pauta atende os princípios do manifesto na sua organização curricular e na viabilização da participação dos estudantes e, especialmente, da comunidade nas instâncias decisórias. A organização curricular em alternância e interdisciplinar, a constituição do conselho comunitário, bem como a postura de escuta dos estudantes nos diferentes espaços retroalimentam a relação entre universidade e comunidade, de modo a resultar em uma formação crítica e emancipatória com perspectiva de mudanças do sistema social vigente.
Antibiotic-laden Bone Cement in Primary and Revision Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Gandhi Rajiv , Backstein David , Zywiel Michael G.
Published: August 2018

Antibiotic-laden bone cement (ALBC) has a number of different uses in primary and revision total joint arthroplasty. However, considerable controversy remains regarding how and when it is best used. The prophylactic use of low-dose ALBC in primary cemented total hip arthroplasty is well supported by the literature, conferring both clinical and economic benefits. In contrast, conclusive evidence on the clinical efficacy or economic benefit of the routine use of ALBC in primary total knee arthroplasty remains elusive. Given the currently available evidence, we cannot determine definitively whether the routine use of ALBC in primary total knee arthroplasty is justified, although selective use in patients with a high risk of infection seems warranted. The routine use of ALBC in revision total joint arthroplasty is well accepted, with good supporting evidence in studies of both aseptic and first-stage revision procedures. Although limited clinical evidence exists on the use of ALBC at the time of definitive component reimplantation after septic revision, the rationale for its use is strong.
Comparison of conventional transrectal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and micro-ultrasound for visualizing prostate cancer in an active surveillance population: A feasibility study
Authors: Eure Gregg , Fanney Daryl , Lin Jefferson , Wodlinger Brian , Ghai Sangeet
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Active surveillance monitoring of prostate cancer is unique in that most patients have low-grade disease that is not well-visualized by any common imaging technique. High-resolution (29 MHz) micro-ultrasound is a new, real-time modality that has been demonstrated to be sensitive to significant prostate cancer and effective for biopsy targeting. This study compares micro-ultrasound imaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and conventional ultrasound for visualizing prostate cancer in active surveillance.

Methods: Nine patients on active surveillance were imaged with multiparametric (mp) MRI prior to biopsy. During the biopsy procedure, imaging and target identification was first performed using conventional ultrasound, then using micro-ultrasound. The mpMRI report was then unblinded and used to determine cognitive fusion targets. Using micro-ultrasound, biopsy samples were taken from targets in each modality, plus 12 systematic samples.

Results: mpMRI and micro-ultrasound both demonstrated superior sensitivity to Gleason sum 7 or higher cancer compared to conventional ultrasound (p=0.02 McNemar’s test). Micro-ultrasound detected 89% of clinically significant cancer, compared to 56% for mpMRI.

Conclusions: Micro-ultrasound may provide similar sensitivity to clinically significant prostate cancer as mpMRI and visualize all significant mpMRI targets. Unlike mpMRI, micro-ultrasound is performed in the office, in real-time during the biopsy procedure, and so is expected to maintain the cost-effectiveness of conventional ultrasound. Larger studies are needed before these results may be applied in a clinical setting.
The Development of OTOP Product Packaging Design of Maha Sawat Farmer Housewife Group, Nakhon Pathom Province, Thailand
Authors: Ploysri Wat , Charoensopa Krairop , Pankohlerng Suppawan
Published: August 2018

The aims of the study were: (1) to investigate the needs toward product packaging of the farmer housewife group in Maha Sawat, Nakhon Pathom province, (2) to develop the product packaging design of the farmer housewife group in Maha Sawat, Nakhon Pathom province, and (3) to test the product-packaging market from consumers of the farmer housewife group in Maha Sawat, Nakhon Pathom province. The sample included (1) ten participants for analyzing needs toward the product packaging by employing the focus group discussion and (2) two-hundred consumers for testing product-packaging market by using a questionaire. The findings elucidated that (1) the farmer housewife group and consumers needed the product packaging to have a capacity to extend shelf life of the snack, to keep and reopen next time, as well as to protect the product while packing. Besides, the packaging should have the beautiful and attractive logo which can represent the group’s identity and label which can correctly inform the product description as well as should be compact and portable. (2) The packaging of Thai rice crackers (Kao Tung) made by the farmer housewife group in Maha Sawat had the high level of average assessed by the experts. (3) The market-test result on consumers’ satisfaction towards the farmer housewife group’s product packaging demonstrated the average with 4.38 and the standard deviation with 0.55. The market-test result on consumers’ satisfaction towards the product packaging based on gender and age showed that all aspects were insignificantly different.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 14, No. 9
Authors: Zhang Jenny
Published: August 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 14, No. 9, 2018.
The Influences of Organization Development, Leadership, Motivation and Communication Toward Work Motivation and Its Implications Toward Teachers’ Commitment at Islamic Boarding School In Cilacap Regency
Authors: Aziz Fathul Aminudin , Sunhaji Sunhaji
Published: August 2018

Islamic boarding school institution is one of the oldest institutions in Indonesia, but its development is slower when it’s compared to other institutions. Researcher realizes that it is important to analyze the influence of organizational development, leadership and communication toward employee motivation, and its implication toward the teachers’ commitment at Islamic boarding school in Cilacap. To test the model and hypotheses, researcher uses the analysis of Structural Equation Model (SEM). Furthermore, to estimate the model, the author uses the program Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). Based on the research from Islamic boarding school teachers in Cilacap regency, it could be concluded that (1) organizational development, leadership, and communication give positive and significant impact on work motivation, either partially or simultaneously, (2) organizational development, leadership, communication, and work motivation give positive and significant impact on the commitment of Islamic boarding school teachers, either partially or simultaneously. Results of this study recommends that the commitment of Islamic boarding school teachers can be improved by motivating teachers in internal dimensions, especially those associated with the indicator in the form of an appreciation of their competences or scholarships.