bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing primary school students’ skills on general developmental exercises and teachers’ professional development on learning technologies in physical education
Authors: Еrnar Ospankulov , Eleupanovna Zhumabaуeva Aziya , Nurlanbekovna Umirbekova Akerke , Bakirovna Akpayeva Asel , Mukhtaruly Kenesbayev Serik
Published: March 2021

This study aims to develop primary school students’ general development exercise skills and reveal teachers’ views about their professional development on learning technologies in physical education. Mixed method was used in the study with experimental and qualitative research methods. The main relevance of this study is an analysis that conducts an experiment of a system of general development exercises that are used to perform independently by primary school students to clarify, verify the results of the study and test an effective experimental method in this direction. During the study, the experimental groups and control group of primary school students were included and the results of experiment and qualitative data were analysed. In addition, the study revealed comparative data with analysis, synthesis, questionnaires, diagnostics and other practical methods. As a result of the experimental work, a system of specific general developmental exercises (GDE) aimed at developing the skills of independent performance by primary school students through GDE was developed. Elements of life movements taken from various roots of Kazakh national culture were introduced into the system of GDE within the framework of cooperation with class teachers, a series of thematic methodological seminars were held for physical education teachers and a methodological guide was developed. Results of this study provided practical implications for primary school teachers to use systems of a new direction of preparing children for a healthy lifestyle.

 

Keywords: General development exercises, primary school teachers, students, physical education.
Reformas trabalhistas, flexibilização e novas formas de contratação
Authors: Trovão Cassiano José Bezerra Marques , Araújo Juliana Bacelar de
Published: March 2021

O Brasil, no período pós Crise de 2015/2016, tem “avançado” em direção a uma maior flexibilização das relações e da regulação do trabalho. Essa trajetória tem provocado mudanças significativas sobre o mundo do trabalho, especialmente quanto à sua organização e sua dinâmica. O presente Artigo procura apresentar algumas reflexões sobre os impactos da Reforma Trabalhista de 2017, da edição da MP no 881 que institui a Declaração de Direitos de Liberdade Econômica e da MP no 905 (Contrato de Trabalho Verde Amarelo) sobre o futuro do mercado de trabalho no Brasil. Para tanto, serão explorados os dados disponíveis no CAGED e na PNAD Contínua. Os dados têm apontado que a Reforma Trabalhista implementada não se mostrou capaz de proporcionar uma recuperação do mercado de trabalho, a despeito do discurso de modernização da CLT, que a apresentava como condição indispensável para que o país voltasse a gerar empregos. A nova rodada de flexibilização da legislação trabalhista caminhou na mesma direção, isto é, da não recuperação do mercado de trabalho. Em conclusão, defende-se que a solução para os problemas do emprego e da renda passa pela elevação da atividade econômica associada a mecanismos de regulação que protejam e não retirem direitos dos trabalhadores.
Alimentação escolar no contexto de pandemia
Authors: Sperandio Naiara , Morais Dayane de Castro
Published: March 2021

A alimentação escolar é um direito assegurado na Constitucional Federal do Brasil, sendo dever do Estado garanti-la a todos os estudantes matriculados na rede pública de educação básica. A principal forma de realizar essa garantia tem ocorrido por meio do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE). Desde março de 2020, quando a Organização Mundial da Saúde declarou a pandemia pela COVID-19, medidas diversas têm sido tomadas para o controle da doença, dentre elas a suspensão de aulas presenciais, colocando em risco a garantia do direito humano à alimentação escolar na rede pública de ensino.  Diante disto, o presente artigo, por meio de uma revisão, apresenta e discute o processo de ressignificação e os desafios enfrentados pelo PNAE no contexto da pandemia. O mesmo aborda as principais mudanças ocorridas com a promulgação da Lei n° 13.987/2020, regulamentada pela Resolução CD/FNDE n° 02/2020, que autorizou, em caráter excepcional, durante o período de suspensão das aulas, a distribuição de gêneros alimentícios adquiridos com recursos do programa às famílias dos estudantes. Além disto, apresenta as modalidades adotadas pelas Entidades Executoras e as atribuições dos diferentes atores de alimentação escolar do país, no contexto da pandemia, destacando seus reflexos na segurança alimentar e nutricional deste público.
Insegurança alimentar e nutricional
Authors: Santos Marcos Vinícius Alves , Oliveira Ingryd Garcia de , Pereira Fernando Marcello Nunes , Santos Polianna Ribeiro
Published: March 2021

O presente estudo busca analisar a dinâmica das políticas de interface com a alimentação e nutrição no contexto da pandemia e suas interferências no cenário de Insegurança Alimentar e Nutricional (InSAN). Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental na qual elencou-se como fontes primárias de dados, documentos disponíveis em sites institucionais e textos divulgados em meios de comunicação jornalísticos. Desta forma, incluíram-se: legislações e textos jornalísticos digitais. Após a leitura exploratória dos documentos, foram delimitados os seguintes eixos de análise: Impactos da Emenda Constitucional no 95/2016 na atual crise sanitária; as políticas de alimentação e nutrição durante a pandemia e programas de transferência de renda e desemprego. Os resultados mostram que a atual crise sanitária agrava o cenário de InSAN, na medida em que as ações assistencialistas são insuficientes para atender a população nos períodos de calamidade pública. Soma-se a esse cenário o contexto anterior a pandemia, em que as necropolíticas de supressão dos direitos contribuíram com o agravo das vulnerabilidades sociais, incluindo a falta de acesso a comida.
Fome em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Rigaud João Paulo de Oliveira , Verthein Úrsula Peres , Amparo-Santos Lígia
Published: March 2021

Este estudo objetiva compreender os modos como a fome vem sendo representada pelos principais meios de imprensa escrita do Brasil durante a pandemia de COVID-19. A partir da análise de discurso, foram analisadas um total de vinte e quatro notícias, quinze do jornal Folha de São Paulo e nove do jornal O Globo, veiculadas desde o mês de fevereiro até julho de 2020. Foram encontrados discursos que evocam fundamentalmente para a compreensão neoliberal da pobreza, transferindo a responsabilidade do Estado sobre a fome para os sujeitos. Entretanto, apesar dos discursos evidenciarem a fome como uma circunstância potencialmente aumentada pelo período pandêmico, a análise dos resultados revela que a fome ocupa lugares nas causalidades e nas consequências desta crise sanitária, de modo tanto emergencial como estrutural. A partir dos resultados, destaca-se também a visibilidade das narrativas dos sujeitos que vivenciam a fome, porém, observou-se que há uma linha tênue entre narrar as consequências da fome e reproduzir estigmas que ecoam no imaginário coletivo da sociedade. Nesta perspectiva, o estudo revela a necessidade de aprofundamento, revisão e leitura crítica das narrativas midiáticas sobre a fome e a sua contribuição para a constituição do imaginário social sobre o fenômeno.
The Contribution of Historical Science in Social Studies Teaching Materials in The Junior High School
Authors: Samiah Samiah , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Mutiani Mutiani
Published: March 2021

Pembelajaran IPS dipraktikkan pada level sekolah dasar dan menengah. Secara teoritis materi ajar IPS disusun berdasarkan disiplin ilmu sosial yaitu geografi, ekonomi, sosiologi dan sejarah. Satu di antaranya yaitu sejarah yang dimanfaatkan dalam pengembangan materi ajar IPS terutama pada materi kelas VIII SMP/MTs pada BAB IV sub materi Tumbuh dan Berkembangnya Semangat Kebangsaan, ilmu sejarah syarat akan makna. Pada pelajaran IPS juga banyak memunculkan inovasi baru yang sebagian orang belum mengetahuinya.  Adapun Ancaman terhadap pola hidup boros serta terlalu bangga dengan produk luar, dan perilaku seolah tidak peduli terhadap persoalan bangsa sendiri dapat mempengaruhi keadaan pendidikan. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam materi ilmu sejarah dalam kontribusi pada mata pelajaran IPS. Maka peran pada materi sejarah sangat berguna dalam mentransfer nilai-nilai kesejarahan dalam mempersiapkan penerus bangsa Indonesia yang mempunyai karakter sebagai warga Negara Indonesia dengan pembelajaran sejarah pada satuan pendidikan, karena pembelajaran sejarah dapat dijadikan cara dalam pembentukan karakter bangsa Indonesia. Studi literatur digunakan untuk menyusun deskripsi yang utuh dalam artikel. Penelusuran artikel publikasi digunakan dalam strategi pencarian dengan menggunakan kata kunci yang sesuai. Pencarian kata kunci dalam mekanisme penelusuran data digunakan untuk mendapatkan hasil melalui google scholar. Metode naratif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan data hasil pencarian yang sesuai dengan kata kunci untuk menjawab tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini. Hasil penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk membhahas makna pada nilai-nilai materi ilmu sejarah pada kontribusi IPS yaitu cinta tanah air, patriotisme, dan nasionalisme untuk memberikan pengetahuan bahwa dengan pembelajaran IPS sangat berperan untuk menumbuhkan karakter peserta didik.
The Street Clowns in Banjarmasin City as a Life Survival Strategy
Authors: Putra Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat , Rahman Akhmad Munaya , Jumriani Jumriani , Abbas Ersis Warmansyah , Subiyakto Bambang
Published: March 2021

Permasalahan perekonomian di masa pandemi Covid-19 menjadi satu polemik yang berkepanjangan. Hilangnya pekerjaan dan tuntutan pemenuhan kebutuhan harian menjadi fokus permasalahan perekonomian tersebut. Masyarakat dituntut untuk berpikir dan bereaksi terhadap kondisi tersebut untuk bertahan hidup. Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan satu strategi bertahan hidup dengan cara menjadi badut jalanan. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan secara komprehensif. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menguraikan bahwa faktor pendorong menjadi badut jalanan adalah tuntutan pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup. Perihal ini bermakna bahwa permasalahan ekonomi menjadi permasalahan utama sehingga pelaku memilih menjadi badut jalanan. Badut jalanan di Banjarmasin menjadi pilihan pekerjaan yang digandrungi oleh masyarakat menengah ke bawah. Dalam mendapatkan pekerjaan ini diperlukan hubungan pertemanan (networking). Di samping itu, diperlukan pembiasaan diri untuk hidup berhemat karena pendapatan tidak pasti setiap harinya.
The Urgency of Local Wisdom Content in Social Studies Learning: Literature Review
Authors: Jumriani Jumriani , Mutiani Mutiani , Putra Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Abbas Ersis Warmansyah
Published: March 2021

Kearifan lokal merupakan karaterisitk masyarakat di suatu daerah yang harus dijaga sebagai identitas konstruktif sekaligus sebagai filter bagi berbagai aspek kebudayaan luar yang destruktif. Dalam konteks demikian, kearifan lokal dipahami sebagai warisan dari generasi ke generasi agar tidak tergerus beragam unsur-unsur kebuduyaan luar. Karena itu pembelajaran kearifan lokal merupakan kebutuhan yang tidak terelakkan, satu diantaranya melalui pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahun Sosial (IPS). Pembelajaran IPS merupakan sarana bagi terjaganya kearifan lokal. Penelitian melalui studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pentingnya memanfaatkan konten kearifan lokal sebagai sumber belajar IPS. Studi pustaka dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi yang sesuai, kemudian dilakukan diskusi yang kemudian secara sitesis dinarasikan.  Hasil diskusi memastikan bahwa pembelajran IPS berbasis kearifan lokal menjadikan peserta didik dapat mengetahui, memahami, dan mempraktikkan dalam kehidupan sosial karakteristik lingkungan, baik lingkungan alam maupun lingkungan social sebagai sumber pembelajaran IPS.
Social Services Based on Institutional for Youth Discontinued School
Authors: Rusmaniah Rusmaniah , Mardiani Fitri , Handy Muhammad Rezky Noor , Putra Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat , Jumriani Jumriani
Published: March 2021

Meningkatnya jumlah remaja putus sekolah secara tidak langsung memberikan sumbangan permasalahan penurunan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Perihal ini dikarenakan remaja merupakan aset negara di masa yang akan datang. Terkait dengan permasalahan tersebut, diperlukan pelayanan sosial guna meningkatkan kualitas. Secara khusus, artikel bertujuan mendeskripsikan pelayanan sosial sosial berbasis lembaga bagi remaja putus sekolah. Pelayanan sosial tidak hanya terbatas pada peningkatan kemampuan kognitif, tetapi juga keterampilan dan moralitas. Studi literatur digunakan dalam mendeskripsikan secara komprehensif artikel ini. Demikian, diperlukan pencarian literatur dan telaah mendalam terkait permasalahan yang dikaji. Hasil yang dideskripsikan oleh artikel ini terkait pelayanan sosial berbasis lembaga merupakan bentuk sinergitas masyarakat dan pemerintah. Pelayanan sosial ditujukan untuk mengembalikan peranan sosial penerima manfaat sehingga mereka dapat menjalankan tugas-tugas kehidupannya sesuai dengan perannya. Adapun pelayanan sosial berbasis lembaga bagi remaja putus sekolah, diinisiasi pemerintah yaitu Pelayanan Sosial Bina Remaja (PSBR). Pelayanan sosial yang diberikan oleh PSBR dimaksudkan untuk memberikan pembinaan moralitas serta keterampilan kerja. Sehingga, remaja memiliki kemampuan dan kemandirian.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN SIKAP BERPIKIR KRITIS
Authors: JUNAIDI JUNAIDI
Published: March 2021

Abstract: Problem-based learning model is learning that uses various thinking abilities of students individually or in groups.  The purpose of PBL is to improve the ability to apply concepts to new / real problems, the desire to learn, direct self-learning, and skills.  Critical thinking is thinking reasoned and reflective with an emphasis on making decisions about what to believe or do.  The ability to think critically will arise in students if during the learning process in the classroom, the teacher builds patterns of interaction and communication that emphasizes the process of actively forming knowledge by students.Key words : Problem based learning, critical thinking Abstrak: Model pembelajaran berbasis masalah merupakan pembelajaran yang menggunakan berbagai kemampuan berpikir peserta didik secara individu maupun kelompok. Tujuan PBL adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dalam menerapkan konsep-konsep pada permasalahan baru/nyata, keinginan dalam belajar, mengarahkan belajar diri sendiri, dan keterampilan. Berpikir kritis  adalah  berpikir  secara  beralasan  dan  reflektif  dengan menekankan  pada  pembuatan  keputusan  tentang  apa  yang  harus dipercayai  atau  dilakukan.  Kemampuan  berpikir  kritis  akan muncul dalam diri siswa apabila selama proses pembelajaran di dalam kelas, guru membangun  pola  interaksi  dan  komunikasi  yang  lebih  menekankan  pada  proses pembentukan  pengetahuan  secara  aktif  oleh  siswa.Kata Kunci : Problem Based Learning, Berpikir Kritis
INTEGRASI NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL ISLAM KE DALAM POKOK BAHASAN PENYIMPANGAN SOSIAL MATA PELAJARAN IPS KELAS VIII
Authors: Fatimah Siti
Published: March 2021

Upaya pemerintah untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan, terutama di bidang kurikulum yang mempertahankan pengintegrasian pengetahuan umum (dalam hal ini mata pelajaran IPS) dengan nilai dan Norma agama (nilai-nilai sosial) sudah dikembangkan di dalam kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi (KBK) dan kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP). Hal ini merupakan realisasi dari tujuan pendidikan nasional. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan di MTs Negeri Mulawarman Banjarmasin, bahwa pengintegrasian nilai-nilai sosial Islam ke dalam pokok bahasan penyimpangan sosial pada mata pelajaran IPS belum dikembangkan dan dilaksanakan. Dikarenakan belum adanya desain pembelajaran terintegrasi dan belum adanya kemampuan guru untuk berinovasi dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bentuk perangkat pembelajaran intergasi nilai-nilai sosial Islam ke dalam pokok bahasan penyimpangan sosial pada mata pelajaran IPS kelas VIII. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu pendekatan yang berusaha mendapatkan data deskriptif, ucapan atau tulisan dan perilaku yang dapat diamati.Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan langkah-langkah penelitian desain dari Sugiono, yaitu identifikasi masalah, pengumpulan informasi dan desain produk.Hasil penelitian ini menemukan sebuah model desain integrasi dalam pembelajaran IPS. Dari 2 kali uji coba desain integrasi dalam pembelajaran IPS, diketahui peserta didik yang tertarik 68,29% yang menyatakan baik dan cukup baik dengan persentasi 31,7%. Selain respon peserta didik menyatakan setuju sekali sebanyak 24,39% dengan jumlah siswa 10 orang, 53,66% menyatakan setuju dengan jumlah siswa 22 orang, dan 21,95% menyatakan ragu-ragu dengan jumlah siswa 9 orang.
PARTISIPASI WARGA NEGARA (CIVIC ENGAGEMENT) DALAM BARISAN PEMADAM KEBAKARAN DI KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Nur Ariani Febrina
Published: March 2021

Perkembangan dan kemajuan pembangunan yang semakin pesat, penduduknya semakin padat, kawasan perumahan, serta industri yang semakin berkembang menimbulkan kerawanan apabila terjadi kebakaran. Kebakaran merupakan suatu ancaman bagi keselamatan manusia, harta benda maupun lingkungan. Partisipasi masyarakat di Kota Banjarmasin sangat tinggi, kepedulian terhadap sesama dan rasa tolong menolong menjadi hal yang tak asing lagi bagi masyarakat. Posko BPK yang tersebar di Kota Banjarmasin mencapai lebih dari 279 unit BPK. Artikel ini membahas keterlibatan warga negara atau masyarakat mencakup tindakan dimana individu berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan kepedulian pribadi dan publik yang secara individual saling memperkaya dan bermanfaat secara sosial bagi masyarakat. Keterlibatan warga negara menekankan partisipasi dalam pelayanan sukarela kepada masyarakat setempat, lalu alasan dan motivasi masyarakat berpartisipasi dalam BPK di kota Banjarmasin serta eksistensi BPK dan Partisipasi BPK di kota Banjarmasin.
Study on concrete proportioning methods: a qualitative and economical perspective
Authors: Wani Shoib Bashir , Muntazari Tahir Hussain , Rafique Nusrat
Published: March 2021

The various approaches, established for concrete mix design, are not universal because design mixes are explicit to local climate, available materials, and type of exposure. The new-generation mix design method should be developed based on the performance criteria. The concrete strength obtained from the designed concrete mix and optimum cement content should not be considered as the only parameter for the suitability of the concrete mix. This study was carried to compare the proportioning of concrete mixes obtained by following procedures of Indian Standard (IS), American Concrete Institute (ACI) and British Standard (BS) of concrete mix design without the use of admixtures to validate for use in a moderate climate like Kashmir, India. The concrete mixes have been prepared with the necessary 28 days resistance in compression as “15 MPa, 20 MPa, 25 MPa, 30 MPa and 35 MPa”. The assessment of water-cement (w/c) ratio; cement, water, fine aggregate (FA) and coarse aggregate (CA) proportion was carried. The w/c ratio among all formulated mixes is significantly high in the BS method and low for IS method. The BS method uses less quantity and IS method uses the maximum quantity of cement. In addition, the ratio of total aggregate content (TAC) and the aggregate-cement ratio is higher in BS design method as compared to IS and ACI design methods. The aggregate content in ACI mix design appears to be consistent and it added to the relative high compressive strength. The specimens cast following BS guidelines failed to attain the target mean strength (TMS) due to a higher volume of aggregate content, high w/c proportion, less quantity of cement in the mix. The specimens cast by ACI and IS mix design upon compression testing showed higher results than the calculated TMS. The cost analysis per cubic meter of concrete revealed that IS and ACI mix proportioning are expensive than BS method. The IS procedure results in dense concrete followed by ACI procedure. It is expected that with a comprehensive investigation on selected design parameters concentrating more on local challenges, the present study will floor the way for the development and adoption of performance-based design mix selection for moderate climate.
Effect of different fiber types on the mechanical properties of normal and high strength concrete at elevated temperatures
Authors: Amin Mohamed , Abu el-hassan Khaled
Published: March 2021

The effects of the types of fibers on mechanical properties of normal and high strength concrete under high temperature, up to 700 °C, was investigated. Three different- type fiber; "Steel Fiber (SF), Glass Fiber (GF) and Polypropylene Fiber (PPF)" are added into the concretes in five different ratios (0, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.0%)of the volume under the following temperatures; 22, 100, 400 and 700°C. The results indicate that all the different types of fibers researched contribute to both the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete under high temperature, however, it is also found that this contribution decreases with an increase in temperature. The flexural strengths and compressive strengths for NSC and HSC mixes at 28 days under high temperature decreases as the temperature increases especially up to 400°C. Also, the best compressive and flexural strengths performance under high temperature was also those of SF. The compressive strength of the concrete incorporating SF was reduced under high temperature only, while the mixes containing PPF and GF were reduced under high temperature or with fiber addition. The optimum fiber addition ratios of the mixes containing PPF and GF are between 0.5-1.0 percent by volume. And for SF, it is 1.5% by the volume.
Determination of the exact mode frequencies of multi-storey structures by state-space method and a comparison with mode superposition method
Authors: Rasa Ahmad Yamin , Özyazıcıoğlu Mehmet Hamit
Published: March 2021

A comparative research has been carried out for obtaining the time-consuming exact solution (state-space) and approximate solution (mode superposition) of transient and steady-state vibrations of linearly damped linear frame buildings. In the mode superposition method, the proportional damping matrix has been constructed by different approaches such as modal combination of mass and stiffness matrixes (Rayleigh) and disregarding the off-diagonal elements of the non-classical damping matrix, while in the state-space method the non-proportional damping matrix is constructed in exact situation. These observations are individually investigated, which the most suitable parameter to render the approximate results as close as possible to the exact results. Harmonic forces are applied on the different storeys of three and five storey frame buildings, and the responses are displayed in comparative tables and figures. The maximum responses are calculated by square root of sum of the squares (SRSS) method. A MATLAB code is generated and the equations of exact and approximate methods are solved.
Evaluation of artificial neural network-based formulations for tuned mass dampers
Authors: Yucel Melda , Nigdeli Sinan Melih , Bekdaş Gebrail
Published: March 2021

Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are used to damp vibration of mechanical systems. TMDs are also used on structures to reduce the effects of strong forces such as winds and earthquakes. For the efficiency of TMD, optimization of TMD parameters is needed. Several classical formulations were proposed, but metaheuristic methods are generally used to find the best result. In addition, the metaheuristic based optimum results are used in machine learning of artificial intelligence-based models like artificial neural networks (ANN). These ANN models are also used in development of tuning equation via curve fitting. The classical and ANN-based formulations were found according to frequency domain responses. In the present study, the classical and ANN-based formulations were evaluated by comparing on time-history responses of seismic structure. In comparison, near-fault ground motion records including directivity pulses are used. The ANN based methods have advantages by providing smaller stroke requirement and damping for TMDs.
Strengthening and performance assessing historical cinema hall balcony according to new Turkish Earthquake Code
Authors: Karalar Memduh , Çavuşli Murat
Published: March 2021

Strengthening historical buildings and evaluating their performances make great contributions to both the history of the country and the tourism of the country. In this study, performance analysis and evaluations of the historical cinema hall balcony, which was built in 1933 by a French company and served to Zonguldak province for a long time, are presented in detail. This cinema hall was frequently used by local people between 1933 and 1999 and hosted many Yeşilçam movies. Firstly, examinations were performed in the historical cinema hall and the areas (columns, beams and floors) that were damaged in time were identified. According to the obtained information, it was determined that there were significant damages in the carrier system of the building and there were visible cracks and damages in the columns of the cinema hall. It was also observed that explosions occurred in one of the main carrier columns of the balcony. After the core samples taken from the balcony were tested in the laboratory, the current status of the carrier elements and reinforcements were determined with the help of an x-ray rebar scanner. After all these processes, the structure was modeled as three dimensional (3D) using a special computer program and performance evaluations were performed regarding the current state of the structure. As a result of the performance evaluation, it was determined that the balcony of the historical cinema hall could not survive anymore and would collapse over time. It was concluded that there were great damages especially on the balcony columns and a reinforcement should be made on a total of 6 columns. Strengthening was made to 4 different main columns and a performance analysis was performed again in strengthened structure. After strengthening, it was understood that the columns of the balcony of the cinema hall could survive for a long time.
Effect of high temperature on the mechanical behavior of cement-bonded wood composite produced with wood waste
Authors: Canbaz Mehmet , Kara İlkay , Topçu İlker Bekir
Published: March 2021

The increase in the population day by day and urbanization has led to a rapid increase in the construction sector. With the increase in demand in construction, the product types of building materials are increasing. It is seen that wastes are formed during and after the production of the materials used in the building. This highlights studies on waste management and recycling of waste.  After construction activities, wastes are recycled or converted to secondary products. One of these is wood waste, a traditional building material. In addition to the production of wood furniture, it is used in various areas from the beginning of construction to the end of the building. In this study, sawdust, which is the waste of a woodworking company, was used. Utilizing the advantages of wood, recyclable and sustainable cement bonded wood composite production practices have been explored. It is aimed to produce nature and environment friendly, ecological and economic and durable composite materials. In this research, it is aimed to determine the optimum ratio by using different ratios of sawdust-cement while keeping the water-cement ratio constant in production. The specimens taken from the production were exposed to high temperature after gaining strength. The strength results, unit weights and ultrasonic pulse velocity results of cement bonded wood composite samples exposed to high temperature were examined. Although cement bonded wood composites are exposed to high temperatures such as 400°C, it has been observed that strength is achieved. With this study, an alternative area was proposed for the evaluation of these wastes.
Study on slope stability of frame prestressed anchor sheet pile wall with finite element strength reduction method
Authors: Al-Banaa Amna Saeed , Yong Zhou
Published: March 2021

Slope stability analysis is performed in practical geotechnical engineering using the finite element method, which is an advanced method and is widely used by engineers. With the development of computer technology, it has become easy to study the slope's stability supported by frame prestressed anchor and sheet pile wall through the displacement-based finite element numerical analysis method, to calculate the safety factors. However, the expansion angle ψʹ is not widely covered. In this study, PLAXIS two-dimensional finite element method is using to establish the slope model supported by frame prestressed anchor and sheet pile wall, and the influence of expansion angle on slope deformation is studied. The results show that the expansion angle has a different effect on the convergence of the two-dimensional slope model. In the model slope, a prestressed frame anchor and sheet pile wall reinforce the slope. The failure mechanisms were unclear when ϕʹ= ψʹ (flow base). Besides, when the slope has high soil strength parameters (c' or φʹ), the expansion angle will affect the calculation results and convergence. In general, the expansion angle significantly influences the slope's stability and is not affected. Therefore, it was necessary to note the effect of the angle of expansion on stability.
Psicopatía y adicciones en mujeres: Estudio comparativo utilizando el Psychopathy Checklist Revised y el Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality
Authors: Flórez Menéndez Gerardo , Ferrer Ventura , García Luis , Crespo María , Pérez Manuel , Sáiz Pilar A.
Published: March 2021

La investigación en psicopatía se ha centrado tradicionalmente en la evaluación de varones con el Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R). La investigación en mujeres utilizando otros instrumentos de evaluación es muy escasa. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la psicopatía, utilizando varios instrumentos, es una muestra que incluya mujeres y varones. 204 internos (edad media (SD) = 40,93 (11,8)), 28 mujeres (13,7%), del Centro Penitenciario de Pereiro de Aguiar (Ourense) participaron en este estudio. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, consumo de sustancias,antecedentes delictivos y fueron evaluados con los siguientes instrumentos:  PCL-R, Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP) y el International Personality Disorder Examination. En esta muestra representativa de la población penitenciaria se observó que en el PCL-R los varones obtenían puntuaciones significativamente más elevadas en la faceta 4 que mide la conducta antisocial. Las mujeres obtuvieron puntuaciones significativamente más elevadas en el CAPP en el dominio Self, que mide la conducta narcisista. No se obtuvo ningún síntoma o ítem que permitiese discriminar claramente a las mujeres psicopáticas de los varones psicopáticos utilizando un modelo de Máquinas de Vectores Soporte. El constructo de la psicopatía es similar para las mujeres y los hombres en esta muestra. Las mujeres presentan puntuaciones más elevadas de narcisismo y los varones de antisocialidad. Para valorar mejor estas diferencias psicopatológicas es mejor combinar el PCL-R con otro instrumento como el CAPP. Ningún síntoma o ítem tiene una puntuación que pueda recomendarse como método que permita discriminar a las mujeres psicopáticas de los varones psicopáticos.
Gender-based differences in perceptions about sexual violence, equality and drug‑facilitated sexual assaults in nightlife contexts
Authors: Prego-Meleiro Pablo , Montalvo Gemma , García-Ruiz Carmen , Ortega-Ojeda Fernando , Ruiz-Pérez Isabel , Sordo Luis
Published: March 2021

Sexual violence, including drug-facilitated sexual assaults, is a serious issue that is becoming increasingly common in leisure nightlife contexts. This study provides information about the attitudes and perceptions of Spanish youths towards sexual violence within that setting. The participants were recruited by a snowball sampling scheme. A bivariate analysis was performed to identify possible sociodemographic and nightlife recreational habit factors related to gender. The statistical significance of the differences between the studied variables was assessed using the chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests. Women perceived a low level of personal security, as well as the existence of social perceptions penalizing female more than male drug use, and blaming women for the sexual violence they suffer. Women also recognised less explicit violent behaviours as violence significantly more than men did. Men were more willing to have sexual intercourse with someone unable to express consent because of drugs. In addition, they believed more strongly that sexual assaults take place because of the victim’s use of alcohol or other drugs. In a leisure nightlife context, women are prone to perceive a lack of social support for themselves and the feeling of impunity for the perpetrators. Furthermore, numerous misconceptions surround drug-facilitated sexual assaults, with the majority of respondents believing that assaults happen after the surreptitious administration of substances to the victim by an unknown assailant. Moreover, the involvement of alcohol was underestimated. Our findings are useful for designing prevention efforts, demystifying the drug-facilitated sexual assaults and enhancing social support for victims.
Impacto de las alteraciones neuropsicológicas sobre aspectos clínicos en tabaquismo
Authors: Martín Ríos Raquel , Martín Tamayo Ignacio , López-Torrecillas Francisca
Published: March 2021

Los estudios que examinan las asociaciones entre las medidas cognitivas y los aspectos clínicos del tabaquismo son limitados y, en general, se limitan a predecir perfiles de riesgo o recaídas. Sin embargo, es esencial comprender la influencia de varias medidas de la función ejecutiva en la adicción a la nicotina a fin indagar factores asociados al mantenimiento del tabaquismo. En el presente estudio se examinó la capacidad de la memoria de trabajo y el descuento por retraso para predecir los años de tabaquismo. La muestra consistió en 180 fumadores que fueron evaluados en la línea de base con medidas de impulsividad cognitiva (Tarea de Descuento de Retraso) y memoria de trabajo [Prueba de Búsqueda y Atención Visual (VSAT) y Secuenciación de Números de Letras (WAIS III)] mientras que la medida de resultado fue los años de adicción. De acuerdo con las predicciones, la memoria de trabajo evaluada con la Prueba de Búsqueda y Atención Visual fue un factor estadísticamente significativo para predecir los años de adicción a la nicotina. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la memoria de trabajo es clínicamente relevante en la dependencia de la nicotina y plantea un patrón de funcionamiento ejecutivo asociado al tabaquismo.
Aproximación a la evaluación de la potencia de la resina de cannabis en Madrid: ¿Un riesgo para la salud?
Authors: Santos-Álvarez Inmaculada , Pérez-Lloret Pilar , González-Soriano Juncal , Pérez-Moreno Manuel
Published: March 2021

El presente estudio investiga la concentración de Delta(9)-tetrahidrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) y cannabinol (CBN) en 60 muestras de resina de cannabis adquiridas en las calles de Madrid y su potencial riesgo para la salud del consumidor. Adicionalmente, estudiamos la posible asociación entre la potencia de las muestras y sus características organolépticas. El análisis de cannabinoides se llevó a cabo mediante cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (RP-HPLC-UV). Atendiendo al contenido en THC se estableció una escala de potencia para clasificar las muestras. El 76,7% de las muestras tenía un contenido en THC superior al 15%, esta potencia las cataloga como drogas de Grado I con “riesgo inaceptable” para la salud. El 36,7% de las muestras presentaron un contenido medio en THC del 28,8% (potencia muy alta). El contenido medio en CBD fue del 5% y el de CBN 1,74%; ambas ratios, CBD/THC y CBN/THC, mostraron una correlación negativa con la potencia. Al investigar la posible asociación entra potencia y características organolépticas, se observó que las muestras que presentaban a la vez una textura pegajosa, una elasticidad alta y un color marrón claro, tenían una potencia muy alta, con un contenido medio en THC del 28.7%. Nuestro estudio muestra que el contenido en THC de la mayoría de la resina de cannabis que puede adquirirse en Madrid es superior al 15% y supone un elevado riesgo para la salud. Adicionalmente, demostramos por primera vez que solo aquellas muestras con una potencia muy alta pueden asociarse directamente con ciertas características organolépticas.
Implikasi variabel fundamental keuangan terhadap manajemen laba: mampukah Corporate Social Responsibility sebagai variabel intervening
Authors: Sriyono Sriyono , Fitria Anggraeni Dwi
Published: March 2021

Many ways will be done by the company in order to attract investors, one of which is by doing earning management. Previous studies have researched earning management, but it is still limited to discussing the use of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as an intervening variable. This research includes new research because using corporate social responsibility (CSR) intervening variables, the existence of intervening variables is expected to be able to test the mediating role of financial fundamental variables to strengthen this earning management. This study aims to find out the role of corporate social responsibility as a mediator of financial fundamental variables (capital adequacy ratio, firm size, and tax planning) on earning management. This research is quantitative research using data panel regression analysis techniques and path analysis using the Eviews Program. The population used in this study is all conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, sampling techniques used are purposive sampling. The results found a relationship between CAR, firm size, tax planning, CSR with earning management and corporate social responsibility plays a role as mediation. The conclusion obtained in this study is corporate social responsibility is able to be mediating the relationship between CAR and earning management and corporate social responsibility is able to mediate the relationship between firm size to earning management.
Retratamiento de un caso con atrofia ósea compleja combinada unida a periimplantitis. Importancia de la reversibilidad de los tratamientos implantológicos
Authors: Anitua Eduardo
Published: March 2021

Los implantes dentales son un tipo más de tratamiento para la resolución de casos de edentulismo. Desde su inicio, en los años 70, han sido una alternativa creciente para rehabilitar pacientes, sobre todo en casos en los que las rehabilitaciones convencionales no eran posibles. Cada vez de forma más frecuente nos enfrentamos a retratamientos de implantes y casos con atrofias más complejas. En el siguiente caso, mostramos un retratamiento de implantes fracasados unido a una situación de atrofia extrema vertical y horizontal combinada. En casos de atrofia severa maxilar y mandibular, el uso de los implantes cortos puede acortar los tiempos de tratamiento y simplificar las técnicas quirúrgicas sin renunciar a la predictibilidad como en el caso mostrado.
Determinación de la contaminación bacteriana en conos de gutapercha en una clínica odontológica docente
Authors: Chang Prada Alberto Andrés , Cabrera Iberico Miguel , García Rupaya Carmen Rosa
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la contaminación bacteriana de los conos de gutapercha de tipo beta (β) en los tiempos 0, 24, 47 y 72 horas de las diferentes proveedurías de la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad Científica del Sur (Lima, 2020). Materiales y métodos: Se obtuvo 16 conos de gutapercha tipo beta (β) de empaques cerrados bajo medidas asépticas, los cuales fueron colocados en viales con 2 ml de caldo BHI y, posteriormente, fueron sembrados en agar BHI, así como en medios selectivos agar manitol salado y agar MacConkey. Pasadas las 24 horas de incubación a 37 °C, se realizó la lectura de las placas y el conteo de UFC. El mismo procedimiento se realizó para los tiempos 24, 48 y 72 horas, lo que dio un total de 64 conos de gutapercha tipo β. Resultados: Se observó que el nivel de contaminación bacteriana fue el mismo tanto entre las distintas proveedurías como a las 0, 24, 48 y 72 horas. Solo se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p = 0,044) entre los distintos tiempos de la proveeduría número 5. Finalmente, todas las muestras sometidas a la prueba de la coagulasa arrojaron resultados negativos. Conclusión: Los conos de gutapercha de tipo beta (β) se contaminaron por igual producto de su almacenamiento y manipulación, independientemente de la proveeduría en la que permanecieron.
Perfil de salud oral de pacientes diagnosticados con miastenia gravis.
Authors: Bernuy-Torres Luis Alexis , Borja-Villanueva Cesar Andrés , Vadillo-Palacios Grisel , Rivera-Salas Marleni , Gómez-Carrión Christian Esteban
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Determinar el perfil de salud oral de los pacientes diagnosticados con miastenia gravis de la Asociación Miastenia Gravis Perú (Lima). Material y métodos: Se realizó un muestreo no aleatorio con la participación de 75 pacientes con diagnóstico de miastenia gravis, a los cuales se les evaluó la prevalencia y el promedio de caries según el índice CPOd, índice de higiene oral IHO, tipo de maloclusión dentaria y simetría facial. Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de caries dental del 100%, con un promedio de 17,26 piezas dentales con experiencia de caries, y el 42,7% de los pacientes presentó un nivel deficiente de higiene oral. Asimismo, se encontró un 38,7% y un 24,0% con maloclusión clase II y III, respectivamente, y el 74,7% presentó asimetría facial, siendo estas las características principales de su perfil de salud oral. Conclusiones: Los pacientes diagnosticados con miastenia gravis de la Asociación Miastenia Gravis Perú (Lima) presentan un alto promedio de caries dental y la mayoría muestra maloclusiones II o III, un nivel de higiene dental deficiente y asimetría facial.
Prostaglandin F2 receptor inhibitor (PTGFRN) a cell adhesion molecule, promotes cell growth and migration in glioblastoma
Authors: Mala Uchurappa , Baral Tapan Kumar , Somasundaram Kumaravel
Published: March 2021

Background

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults exhibiting infiltration into surrounding tissues, recurrence, and resistance to therapy. GBM infiltration is accomplished by many deregulated factors such as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), which are membrane proteins that participate in cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions to regulate survival, proliferation, migration, and stemness.
Methods

A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of CAMs (n = 518) in multiple available datasets revealed genetic and epigenetic alterations among CAMs in GBM. Univariate Cox regression analysis using TCGA dataset identified 127 CAMs to be significantly correlated with survival. The poor prognostic indicator PTGFRN was chosen to study its role in glioma. Silencing of PTGFRN in glioma cell lines was achieved by stable expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against PTGFRN gene. PTGFRN was silenced and performed cell growth, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis assays were performed. Neurosphere and limiting delusion assays were also performed after silencing of PTGFRN to know its role in GSCs.
Results

Among the differentially regulated CAMs (n = 181, 34.9%), major proportion of them were found to be regulated by miRNAs (n = 95, 49.7%) followed by DNA methylation (n = 32, 16.7%), and gene copy number variation (n = 12, 6.2%). We found that PTGFRN (Prostaglandin F2 receptor inhibitor) to be upregulated in GBM tumor samples and cell lines with a significant poor prognostic correlation with patient survival. Silencing PTGFRN diminished cell growth, colony formation, anchorage-independent growth, migration, and invasion and also led to cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. At mechanistic level, silencing of PTGFRN reduced pro-proliferative and promigratory signaling pathways such as ERK, AKT, and mTOR. PTGFRN upregulation was found to be due to loss of its promoter methylation and downregulation of miR-137 in GBM. PTGFRN was also found to be higher in glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) and is required for GSC growth and survival.
Conclusion

In this study, we provide a comprehensive overview of the differential regulation of CAMs and causes for their deregulation. We also establish an oncogenic role of PTGFRN in GBM thus signifying it as a potential therapeutic target.
Older forests used by northern spotted owls functioned as fire refugia during large wildfires, 1987–2017
Authors: Lesmeister Damon B , Davis Raymond J. , Sovern Stan G. , Yang Zhiqiang
Published: March 2021

Background

The northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) is an Endangered Species Act-listed subspecies that requires forests with old-growth characteristics for nesting. With climate change, large, severe wildfires are expected to be more common and an increasing threat to spotted owl persistence. Understanding fire severity patterns related to nesting forest can be valuable for forest management that supports conservation and recovery, especially if nesting forest functions as fire refugia (i.e., lower fire severity than surrounding landscape). We examined the relationship between fire severity and nesting forests in 472 large wildfires (> 200 ha) that occurred rangewide during 1987–2017. We mapped fire severities (unburned-low, moderate, high) within each fire using relative difference normalized burn ratios and quantified differences in severity between pre-fire nesting forest (edge and interior) and non-nesting forest. We also quantified these relationships within areas of three fire regimes (low severity, very frequent; mixed severity, frequent; high severity, infrequent).
Results

Averaged over all fires, the interior nesting forest burned at lower severity than edge or non-nesting forest. These relationships were consistent within the low severity, very frequent and mixed severity, frequent fire regime areas. All forest types burned at similar severity within the high severity, infrequent fire regime. During two of the most active wildfire years that also had the largest wildfires occurring in rare and extreme weather conditions, we found a bimodal distribution of fire severity in all forest types. In those years, a higher amount—and proportion—of all forest types burned at high severity. Over the duration of the study, we found a strong positive trend in the proportion of wildfires that burned at high severity in the non-nesting forests, but not in the two nesting forest types.
Conclusions

Under most wildfire conditions, the microclimate of interior patches of nesting forests likely mitigated fire severity and thus functioned as fire refugia. With changing climates, the future of interior forest as fire refugia is unknown, but trends suggest these older forests can dampen the effect of increased wildfire activity and thus an important component of landscape plans focused on fire resiliency.