bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ECONOMIA REGIONAL E FINANCEIRIZAÇÃO: UMA AGENDA DE PESQUISA
Authors: Alencar Douglas , Taques Fernando Henrique , Jayme Jr Frederico Gonzaga , Strachman Eduardo
Published: January 2020

O processo de financeirização da economia é cada vez mais claro com o crescimento do papel do crédito na economia, ao mesmo tempo em que alcança do desenvolvimento dos mercados financeiros e as instituições atreladas a ele. Nesse sentido, os desdobramentos regionais também podem ser sentidos, uma vez que o sistema abrange cada vez mais indivíduos e famílias com produtos direcionados para as necessidades diversas. Assim, o objetivo dessa pesquisa consiste em compreender as perspectivas teóricas de financeirização e discutir suas implicações em perspectiva local. Para tanto, a metodologia empregada consiste em revisão bibliográfica das abordagens teóricas sobre o tema. Os resultados sugerem que a perspectiva regional ainda precisa avançar na literatura para  envolver o papel de políticas monetárias e o próprio desenvolvimento das regiões.
DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL E CAPITAL SOCIAL EM ACORDOS DE PESCA NA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL
Authors: Santos Valcir Bispo
Published: January 2020

O foco deste artigo é analisar os “acordos de pesca” praticados por comunidades ribeirinhas da Amazônia Oriental, nas ilhas do município de Cametá, na região do Baixo Tocantins – nordeste do estado do Pará, no estuário da bacia do rio Amazonas – tendo em vista, sobretudo, a sua dinâmica interna e os recursos endógenos que articula e mobiliza. Os “acordos de pesca” são arranjos institucionais comunitários praticados por pescadores artesanais de localidades ribeirinhas com a finalidade de manejar recursos pesqueiros, mas que se notabilizam por práticas de mobilização de recursos do capital social. A região do Baixo Tocantins fica a jusante da UHE Tucuruí e a pesca artesanal da região entrou em uma crise prolongada com o barramento do rio Tocantins em meados de 1980. A coordenação das relações sociais e econômicas no âmbito dos acordos de pesca se ancora em redes de pescadores / produtores agroextrativistas e famílias ribeirinhas que partilham uma forte tradição cultural ribeirinha e um sentimento de pertencimento territorial. Há um apoio decisivo de algumas entidades mediadoras, sobretudo das Colônias de Pescadores e das Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEBs), mas não se nota apoio efetivo importante por parte do poder público, o que potencializa os conflitos de pescadores e moradores das comunidades ribeirinhas com os chamados “pescadores de fora”. Desta forma, pretende-se interpretar os acordos de pesca como práticas de desenvolvimento territorial a partir de uma abordagem situada no campo institucionalista da teoria econômica.Acordo de pesca. Arranjo comunitário institucional. Desenvolvimento territorial. Capital social. Amazônia Oriental.
Apropriação cultural antropofágica e as máscaras brancas do racismo indigesto
Authors: Bahia Charles Nunes
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo busca tecer um paralelo entre os ideais filosóficos de Oswald de Andrade e Franz Fanon. Para tanto, o conceito oswaldiano de antropofagia e a metaforização fanoniana das máscaras brancas em peles negras cruzar-se-ão num ponto de interseção marcado pelos meandros de uma apropriação cultural não antropofágica, pois geradora de um racismo indigesto.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA COMPREENSÃO DO PAPEL DA CONSCIÊNCIA EM PROJETOS DE RESTAURAÇÃO DE RIOS
Authors: Leite Edilene De Souza
Published: January 2020

A crise hídrica e a situação dos rios em centros urbanos pedem por soluções rápidas e eficientes, o alto custo dos projetos de restauração de rios inviabiliza em países emergentes ações que favoreçam uma mudança da situação atual. Rios como o Tietê na grande São Paulo são conhecidos pelo seu mal cheiro e poluição desmedida. Apesar de nós dispormos de tecnologias e conhecimentos necessários para intervir em situações como esta e outras relacionadas à problemas ambientais decorrentes do impacto direto ou indireto dos modos de vida humana estamos em uma situação praticamente estagnada, em que alguns grupos isolados se mobilizam marchando contra a maré na tentativa de preservar e restaurar parte do meio ambiente enquanto a maioria das corporações ou mesmo indivíduos seguem sem compreender o impacto global de suas ações e escolhas cotidianas. Neste trabalho abordamos um pouco das técnicas de restauração de rios e destacamos a importância de uma teoria da consciência que resgata a relação de interdependência e co-originação entre seres humanos e ambiente como solução para a crise ecológica que estamos hoje.
A intertextualidade pós-moderna em Memorial do fim, de Haroldo Maranhão
Authors: De Miranda Ferreira Fabricio
Published: January 2020

Este artigo busca desenvolver reflexões sobre a intertextualidade presente em Memorial do fim, de Haroldo Maranhão, com a obra de Machado de Assis, evidenciando como esse diálogo intertextual resulta em um pastiche, em sua relação com o passado, características de uma literatura que denominamos pós-moderna. Para tanto, serão utilizados os conceitos de intertextualidade, trabalhado por Nitrini e Kristeva, de pós-moderno, trabalhado por Jameson e Miranda, e ainda o conceito de pastiche, por Jameson e, preferencialmente, por Hutcheon. Dessa forma, pretende-se lançar algumas considerações sobre o tema, para contribuir para o tema da intertextualidade na literatura contemporânea, dentro do contexto de um pós-modernismo na América latina. Percebe-se que a intertextualidade da obra de Haroldo Maranhão em relação a Machado de Assis se dá por uma estética que pode ser considerada pós-moderna, especificamente no aspecto da relação com o passado, ao reescrevê-lo por meio de um pastiche.
De grão em grão a galinha enche o papo: primeiros estudos fraseológicos no Norte do Brasil
Authors: Razky Abdelhak , Salvador Carlene Ferreira Nunes , De Souza Davi Pereira , De Oliveira Rejane Umbelina Garcez Santos
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste artigo consiste em apresentar os primeiros trabalhos desenvolvidos no Norte do Brasil na área da Fraseologia, ancorados teoricamente na vertente fraseológica francesa (MEJRI, 1997) e orientados pela metodologia da Linguística de Corpus (BERBER SARDINHA, 2004; TAGNIN, 2009). Trata-se de duas teses de doutorado – Estudo das fraseologias do futebol brasileiro das Séries B, C e D em jornais digitais populares: construção de um dicionário eletrônico (SALVADOR, 2017), O léxico especializado do corte bovino: uma abordagem terminológica e terminográfica (OLIVEIRA, 2018) e de uma dissertação de mestrado – Fraseologismos no discurso político brasileiro: uma proposta de glossário (SOUZA, 2018), vinculadas ao Projeto GeoLinTerm – PPGL/UFPA. Juntos, os três trabalhos somam 2.954 fraseologismos descritos referentes aos domínios pesquisados, como ilustram respectivamente os exemplos gol de placa, chute de bucho condenado e crime de colarinho branco.
O léxico do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Maranhão: um estudo socioterminológico
Authors: Santos Georgiana Marcia Oliveira , Pereira Jose Claudio Bezerra
Published: January 2020

Este artigo objetiva apresentar o léxico dos segmentos especializados do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Maranhão, doravante CBMMA, na capital do Estado, para fins de registro em um glossário. Justifica-se pela emancipação do CBMMA, ocorrida em 1993, a qual permitiu desmembrar suas atividades, o que acredita-se ter gerado um léxico especializado. Como questões de investigação tem-se: a) existe um léxico especializado usado pelos segmentos do CBMMA?; b) quais fatores geram a produção e, quiçá, a variação desse léxico?; c) como ocorre a interação entre integrantes de diferentes segmentos, faixas etárias e sexos no CBMMA? Fundamentado nos estudos da Terminologia e Socioterminologia desenvolvidos por Sager (1990), Cabré (1993), Faulstich (1995), Isquerdo e Oliveira (2001), Barros (2004), Krieger e Finatto (2004), a relevância deste trabalho consiste em favorecer a interação dentro do CBMMA e incentivar a realização de novas pesquisas sobre o léxico especializado do Corpo de Bombeiros no país.
OS SABERES TRADICIONAIS DOS PESCADORES DE CARANGUEJO-UÇÁ E O MANGUEZAL: O CASO DE TAMATATEUA, BRAGANÇA - PARÁ, COSTA AMAZÔNICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Pereira de , Sousa Gamaliel Tarsos de , Silva Klayton Luiz Campelo , Fernandes Marcus Emanuel Barroncas
Published: January 2020

O presente estudo enfoca o saber empírico e as percepções ambientais dos pescadores de caranguejo-uçá (Ucides cordatus) da região de Tamatateua, município de Bragança, nordeste do Pará. Visa descrever os saberes tradicionais dos pescadores deste recurso com enfoque no conhecimento ecológico a partir de suas percepções e estreita relação com o ecossistema manguezal. Fez-se uso da abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, em que a técnica e o instrumento de pesquisa transitaram com o uso de entrevistas a partir de um questionário elaborado com perguntas semiestruturadas, respectivamente. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os anos de 2017 e 2018, com 14 (quatorze) pescadores de caranguejo-uçá, com idade que variaram entre 22 e 62 anos, em que o processo analítico fez uso da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados demonstram que os pescadores possuem saberes ecológicos elaborados sobre o espécime caranguejo-uçá, assim como dos fenômenos naturais e ambientais. Percebem a conexão entre o ser humano e o manguezal como sinônimo de alimentação, comercialização, cultura, religiosidade, dentre outros, o que, de alguma forma, influencia diretamente nos saberes repassados de geração a geração por meio da educação não formal e informal. Constatou-se, ainda, que o manejo do recurso caranguejo-uçá se deve ao processo de aprendizagem ocorrido cotidianamente entre o parentesco (pai, filho, neto, tios e outros), assim como no processo e socialização (partilha) entre amigos do “manguezal”. Doutro lado, identificou-se que mesmo utilizando-se de práticas e artes predatórias, como o gancho, os pescadores as reconhecem como tal, porém revelam a ideia de manutenção do recurso quando argumentam o respeito nos períodos de reprodução do espécime.
COSTUMES EM UMA FEIRA: INTERAÇÕES, VIVÊNCIAS E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Aranha Talita Vieira , Palha Rondinell Aquino , Fernandes Daniel Dos Santos
Published: January 2020

Mostraremos uma narrativa imagética com elementos culturais e sociais da rotina da Feira da Agricultura Familiar da Cidade de São Caetano de Odivelas. Cidade Amazônica, localizada no Nordeste Paraense, na chamada microrregião do Salgado, uma cidade ribeirinha com forte vocação para agricultura de base familiar...
Kepribadian Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam Menurut Buya Hamka
Authors: Hamidah Laila , Siregar Sawaluddin , Nuraini Nuraini
Published: January 2020

The teacher is a position or profession that requires special skills as a teacher. This work cannot be done by people who do not have the expertise to carry out activities or work as a teacher. Every teacher has a different personality and background and teaching experience. Every teacher has a personality according to the characteristics they have. Personality is actually an abstract, can only be seen through appearance, action, speech, how to dress, and how to deal with every problem. The teacher's personality is the main capital in carrying out the role and duty as an educator. Personality, character is a crown for a human, because that is what distinguishes humans from animals. Good character does not just appear, it is a lifelong learning process. To grow good character, a teacher can learn about the lives of characters who are considered to have good character or personality. Buya Hamka is a National figure who can be a role model in learning to have a great character and personality. The research conducted was included in the type of qualitative descriptive research with library research. The method used is critical analytical descriptive, the primary data source is the works of Buya Hamka who deal with professional teachers and the secondary data are similar works that have the same theme. The analysis in this study uses the method of content analysis. The results of the study are that the teacher according to Hamka functions as an institution that seeks to develop all the potential that exists in students to the fullest, in accordance with the rhythms of their development, both physicaly and mental spiritual have a good personality because students will imitate the behavior of his teacher. Teacher's Personality in Islamic Education According to Buya Hamka's Thought, the teacher must understand the concept of the educator as an exemplary subject, the tasks of the educator, and have character (traits), as befits an educator. Hamka expressed his opinion about how should the characteristics of Islamic religious education teachers, namely: 1) Having extensive knowledge, 2) Good communication, 3) Good example for students and those around them, 4) Ikhlash, 5) Having  good methods for teaching, 6) Humility, 7) Responsibility, 8) Confidence, 9) Gentleness, 10) Patience, 11) Passion, 12) Apply and say honestly. Relevance of Hamka's Thought about the Teacher's Personality of Islamic Education with Education Today Teachers should help shape the character, mind, character, and personality of students, so that he knows which is good and what is bad. While Islamic teaching is an attempt to fill the intellectuals of students with a number of knowledge. Keyword: Teacher Personality, Buya Hamka
Experimental verification of the algorithm for calculating the shell of an elasto-screw propulsion unit
Authors: Popkov M.V. , Sorokin F.D. , Briede S.A.
Published: January 2020

The algorithm for solving the problem of the interaction of the mesh shell and rollers creating a helical structure on the surface of the elasto-screw propulsion unit was verified by a direct field experiment. Since it was the algorithm, developed to obtain the solution of the problem, tested, not the results of solving it, a number of simplifications were made to the experiment design. Instead of a system of rollers, only one steel ball was pressed into the surface of the mesh shell, and it was pressed from the outside, although the rollers are pressed into the shell from the inside. When verifying the algorithm under consideration, the introduced changes are not significant, since identical loading schemes are considered in the calculation and in the experiment. A detailed description of the experiment and result processing is given. A satisfying agreement between the experimental and calculated data allows us to conclude that the algorithm used to solve the problem of the interaction of rigid bodies with the shell of an elasto-screw propulsion unit is correct.
Experimental estimation of residual propellant in the fuel tanks with innertank capillary devices for spacecraft propulsion systems
Authors: Sapozhnikov V.B. , Polyanskiy A.R. , Korolkov A.V. , Konstantinov S.B. , Alexandrov L.G.
Published: January 2020

The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the processes of emptying the fuel tanks of spacecraft liquid rocket propulsion systems at the final stages of free (undisturbed) flight in tanks with innertank capillary devices (IT CD). On the basis of the analysis of the emptying process, the dimensionless complex structure is formed. The complexes determine the dependence of the residual propellant on the physical properties of the propellant and the parameters of the IT CD. Experimental studies were performed on the weightlessness stand, using the principle of realization of the conditions of reduced weight in tested equipment free fall. The results of the experimental studies have shown that the main criterion determining the value of residual propellant is the Froude number. The criterion equation for determination of residual propellant is obtained. The influence of viscosity and surface tension of the propellant on the value of residual propellant begins to affect at the values of the Froude numbers exceeding 104.
La Salud Mental de los estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Alarcón Renato D.
Published: January 2020

.
La epidemiología de los factores de riesgo de los Síndromes coronarios agudos
Authors: García Revilla Alejandro
Published: January 2020

.
Frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con síndrome isquémico coronario agudo, Chiclayo
Authors: Hurtado Noblecilla Emmanuel , Bartra Aguinaga Angie , Osada Liy Jorge , León Jiménez Franco , Ochoa Medina Milagros
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovasculares en pacientes con Síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) de dos hospitales de Chiclayo. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal. Participaron 100 pacientes hospitalizados con SCA, se les aplicó una ficha de recolección de información que permitió registrar antecedentes de factores de riesgo cardiovascular. También se utilizó la escala ronquido somnolencia y escala de somnolencia de Epworth (versión peruana) para evaluar síntomas relacionados a apnea de sueño. Resultados: Los factores de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuentes fueron: Obesidad según índice cintura cadera: 87/88 (98,86%), edad mayor de 55 años en varones y de 65 años en mujeres: 78/100 (78%), hipertensión arterial: 71/100 (71%), dislipidemia: 54/97 (55,67%) y sedentarismo: 49/97 (50,51%). Se encontró mayor frecuencia de edad avanzada, hipertensión arterial, sedentarismo, obesidad abdominal en mujeres y de tabaquismo en hombres. Conclusiones: El factor de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuente fue la obesidad según índice cintura-cadera y el menos frecuente fue el tener antecedente familiar de SICA.
Fractura de cartílago tiroides
Authors: Ayala-García Marco Antonio , Santoyo Saavedra Aldo Hugo , Martínez Martínez Olga Isidora
Published: January 2020

.
Cicatriz hipertrófica posqueiloplastía de fisura labial: Revisión del tratamiento actual
Authors: Córdova-Aguilar Alberto
Published: January 2020

La fisura labial -con o sin fisura palatina- es la malformación congénita facial más frecuente a nivel mundial que requiere cirugía -queiloplastía- para ser corregida. Desafortunadamente, la cicatriz hipertrófica posqueiloplastía es un resultado común que afecta negativamente al paciente, su entorno social e incluso a los especialistas, pues a la fecha no existe tratamiento específico. Con el objetivo de conocer el estado actual del tratamiento de dicho problema, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica desde el año 2000 en las diferentes bases de datos. Se encontró que las opciones de tratamiento y prevención son similares: el cierre primario de la herida sin tensión, la cinta adhesiva de papel microporoso, la inyección de corticoide intralesional, la lámina o gel de silicona, el gel de flavonoides, y el láser. Se concluye que el tratamiento de la cicatriz hipertrófica posqueiloplastía aún es insatisfactorio y la investigación limitada al no ser una patología replicable en modelos animales.
Desechos biológicos: más allá del consentimiento informado
Authors: León-Jiménez Franco , Arriaga-Deza Emma Vanesa
Published: January 2020

.
Effect of Roasting Time and Cryogenic Milling on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Dried Ginseng Powder
Authors: Jeong Hayeong , Park Dong Hyeon , Seo Han Geuk , Choi Mi-Jung , Cho Youngjae
Published: January 2020

This study aimed to decrease the particle size of ginseng by roasting and cryogenic milling to increase its water solubility and physiological activity. The samples were roasted for different times (9–21 min) and generated in different sizes (10–50, and > 50 μm). All roasted samples revealed significantly smaller particle sizes than did non-roasted samples based on Sauter mean diameter (D [3,2], p < 0.05). Further, the particle sizes of roasted samples decreased till roasting up to 15 min. In terms of the water solubility index (WSI), antioxidant activity, total polyphenol content (TPC), and total polysaccharides according to particle size, 10-20 μm-sized samples showed the highest values when compared with >50 μm-sized samples. Based on roasting time, WSI values of all samples roasted for up to 15 min were higher than those of the control (not roasted) (p < 0.05). Antioxidant activity and TPC also increased with increasing roasting time. Total polysaccharide content was the highest upon roasting for 15 min except for the 10-20 μm sample. Ginsenoside content of roasted samples >20 μm size was higher than that of the control (not roasted) except after 15 min of roasting. Therefore, roasting and cryogenic milling are effective in producing ginseng root powder.
A Note on Horadam Hybrinomials
Authors: Kızılateş Can
Published: January 2020

The hybrid numbers are a generalization of complex, hyperbolic and dual numbers. In this paper, we introduce the Horadam hybrid polynomials called Horadam hybrinomials. We also give some special cases and algebraic properties of the Horadam hybrinomials. Finally we obtain some applications related to the Horadam hybrinomials in matrices.
Weak Deflection Angle by Casimir Wormhole Using Gauss-Bonnet Theorem and Its Shadow
Authors: Javed Wajiha , Hamza Ali , Övgün Ali
Published: January 2020

Here we calculate the deflection angle of photon by Casimir wormhole in weak limit approximation. First we calculate Gaussian optical curvature with the help of optical spacetime geometry and so we use the Gauss-Bonnet theorem on Gaussian optical metric and find deflection angle of photon by Casimir wormhole. Moreover, we calculate the photon's deflection angle in the presence of plasma medium and we also see the graphical nature of deflection angle in both cases. After calculating the deflection angle of Casimir wormhole. Now, we move towards the shadow of Casimir wormhole. After the observations of Event Horizon Telescope, the study of shadow become very important so that we plot the shapes of shadow of Casimir wormhole, and we calculate the photon geodesic around the Casimir wormhole.
ABC-OCT - A Cross-Platform Implementation of Real-Time Fourier-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Nandakumar Hari , Srivastava Shailesh
Published: January 2020

ABC-OCT, Affordable B-scan Camera-based Optical Coherence Tomography, implements Fourier-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography with real-time display using cross-platform C++ and the OpenCV framework. The software can be compiled using current versions of GCC for *nix/Mac and Microsoft® Visual Studio for Windows. Full functionality of ABC-OCT needs the camera SDK from QHYCCD and a QHYCCD camera to be connected; but the code can be easily modified to support other camera drivers, as is shown by an included demo version which can use any installed webcam. The code is made available under the MIT license. The software is available from GitHub (https://github.com/hn-88/FDOCT).
Comments and Analysis of the Main Schools of Modern Foreign Language Teaching Methods
Authors: Hua Yin
Published: January 2020

Modern foreign language teaching method is a diversified, multi-dimensional and multi-level system. It is helpful in improving the level of foreign language teaching in China and establishing a foreign language teaching system with Chinese characteristics to comment on and analyze some of the most influential foreign language teaching schools.
Fully Immersive Virtual Reality for Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Logishetty Kartik , Gofton Wade T. , Rudran Branavan , Beaulé Paul E. , Cobb Justin P.
Published: January 2020

Background:

Fully immersive virtual reality (VR) uses headsets to situate a surgeon in a virtual operating room to perform open surgical procedures. The aims of this study were to determine (1) if a VR curriculum for training residents to perform anterior approach total hip replacement (AA-THR) was feasible, (2) if VR enabled residents’ performance to be measured objectively, and (3) if cognitive and motor skills that were learned with use of VR were transferred to the physical world.

Methods:

The performance of 32 orthopaedic residents (surgical postgraduate years [PGY]-1 through 4) with no prior experience with AA-THR was measured during 5 consecutive VR training and assessment sessions. Outcome measures were related to procedural sequence, efficiency of movement, duration of surgery, and visuospatial precision in acetabular component positioning and femoral neck osteotomy, and were compared with the performance of 4 expert hip surgeons to establish competency-based criteria. Pretraining and post-training assessments on dry bone models were used to assess the transfer of visuospatial skills from VR to the physical world.

Results:

Residents progressively developed surgical skills in VR on a learning curve through repeated practice, plateauing, on average, after 4 sessions (4.1 ± 0.6 hours); they reached expert VR levels for 9 of 10 metrics (except femoral osteotomy angle). Procedural errors were reduced by 79%, assistive prompts were reduced by 70%, and procedural duration was reduced by 28%. Dominant and nondominant hand movements were reduced by 35% and 36%, respectively, and head movement was reduced by 44%. Femoral osteotomy was performed more accurately, and acetabular implant orientation improved in VR assessments. In the physical world assessments, experts were more accurate than residents prior to simulation, but were matched by residents after simulation for all of the metrics except femoral osteotomy angle. The residents who performed best in VR were the most accurate in the physical world, while 2 residents were unable to achieve competence despite sustained practice.

Conclusions:

For novice surgeons learning AA-THR skills, fully immersive VR technology can objectively measure progress in the acquisition of surgical skills as measured by procedural sequence, efficiency of movement, and visuospatial accuracy. Skills learned in this environment are transferred to the physical environment.
Wound Irrigation for Open Fractures
Authors: Heckmann Nathanael , Simcox Trevor , Kelley Daniel , Marecek Geoffrey S.
Published: January 2020

» The optimal regimen for wound irrigation in the setting of an open fracture has been a subject of debate. Basic science evidence as well as results from a recent prospective clinical trial have shed new light on this controversial topic.

» While normal saline solution appears to be the optimal irrigation agent, the optimal timing and volume often are determined by the surgeon. Future clinical trials are needed to determine the optimal timing for debridement and irrigation, as well as the ideal volume of irrigant.

» Irrigation pressure and the use of pulsatile lavage do not appear to have an effect on outcomes.
Evaluating the impact of the weather conditions on the influenza propagation
Authors: Singh David E. , marinescu maria-cristina , Carretero Jesus , Delgado-Sanz Concepcion , Gomez-Barroso Diana , Larrauri Amparo
Published: January 2020

Background: Predicting the details of how an epidemic evolves is highly valuable as health institutions need to better plan towards limiting the infection propagation effects and optimizing their prediction and response capabilities. Simulation is a cost- and time-effective way of predicting the evolution of the infection as the joint influence of many different factors: interaction patterns, personal characteristics, travel patterns, meteorological conditions, previous vaccination, etc. The work presented in this paper extends EpiGraph, our influenza epidemic simulator, by introducing a meteorological model as a modular component that interacts with the rest of EpiGraph's modules to refine our previous simulation results. Our goal is to estimate the effects of changes in temperature and relative humidity on the patterns of epidemic influenza based on data provided by the Spanish Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System (SISSS) and the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET). Methods: Our meteorological model is based on the regression model developed by Barreca and Shimshack, and it is tuned with influenza surveillance data obtained from SISSS. After pre-processing this data to clean it and reconstruct missing samples, we obtain new values for the reproduction number of each urban region in Spain, every 10 minutes during 2011. We simulate the propagation of the influenza by setting the date of the epidemic onset and the initial influenza-illness rates for each urban region. Results: We show that the simulation results have the same propagation shape as the weekly influenza rates as recorded by SISSS. We perform experiments for a realistic scenario based on actual meteorological data from 2010-2011, and for synthetic values assumed under simplified predicted climate change conditions. Results show that a diminishing relative humidity of 10\% produces an increment of about 1.6\% in the final infection rate. The effect of temperature changes on the infection spread is also noticeable, with a decrease of 1.1\% per extra degree. Conclusions: Using a tool like ours could help predict the shape of developing epidemics and its peaks, and would permit to quickly run scenarios to determine the evolution of the epidemic under different conditions. We make EpiGraph source code and epidemic data publicly available.
Assessment of branch point prediction tools to predict physiological branch points and their alteration by variants
Authors: Leman Raphael , Tubeuf Hélène , Raad Sabine , Tournier Isabelle , Derambure Céline , Lanos Raphaël , Gaildrat Pascaline , Castelain Gaia , Hauchard Julie , Killian Audrey , Baert-Desurmont Stéphanie , Legros Angelina , Goardon Nicolas , Quesnelle Céline , Ricou Agathe , Castera Laurent , Vaur Dominique , Gac Gérald Le , Ka Chandran , Fichou Yann , Bonnet-Dorion Françoise , Sevenet Nicolas , Guillaud-Bataille Marine , Boutry-Kryza Nadia , Schultz Ines , Caux-Moncoutier Virginie , Rossing Maria , Walker Logan C , Spurdle Amanda B , Houdayer Claude , Martins Alexandra , Krieger Sophie
Published: January 2020

Background: Branch points (BPs) map within short motifs upstream of acceptor splice sites (3’ss) and are essential for splicing of pre-mature mRNA. Several BP-dedicated bioinformatics tools, including HSF, SVM-BPfinder, BPP, Branchpointer, LaBranchoR and RNABPS were developed during the last decade. Here, we evaluated their capability to detect the position of BPs, and also to predict the impact on splicing of variants occurring upstream of 3’ss.
Results: We used a large set of constitutive and alternative human 3’ss collected from Ensembl (n = 264,787 3’ss) and from in-house RNAseq experiments (n = 51,986 3’ss). We also gathered an unprecedented collection of functional splicing data for 120 variants (62 unpublished) occurring in BP areas of disease-causing genes. Branchpointer showed the best performance to detect the relevant BPs upstream of constitutive and alternative 3’ss (99.48 % and 65.84 % accuracies, respectively). For variants occurring in a BP area, BPP emerged as having the best performance to predict effects on mRNA splicing, with an accuracy of 89.17 %.
Conclusions: Our investigations revealed that Branchpointer was optimal to detect BPs upstream of 3’ss, and that BPP was most relevant to predict splicing alteration due to variants in the BP area.
Keywords: Branch Point, Prediction, RNA, Benchmark, HSF, SVM-BPfinder, BPP, Branchpointer, LaBranchoR, RNABPS, Variants
Increased plasma concentration of cell-free DNA precedes disease recurrence in children with high-risk neuroblastoma
Authors: Su Yan , Wang Lijun , Jiang Chiyi , Yue Zhixia , Fan Hongjun , Hong Huimin , Duan Chao , Jin Mei , Zhang Dawei , Qiu Lihua , Cheng Xianfeng , Xu Zhong , Ma Xiaoli
Published: January 2020

Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. The high rate of recurrence is associated with a low survival rate for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. There is thus an urgent need to identify effective predictive biomarkers of disease recurrence.
Methods: A total of 116 patients with high-risk neuroblastoma were recruited at Beijing Children’s Hospital between February 2015 and December 2017. All patients received multidisciplinary treatment, were evaluated for the therapeutic response, and then initiated on maintenance treatment. Blood samples were collected at the beginning of maintenance treatment, every 3 months thereafter, and at the time of disease recurrence. Plasma levels of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) were quantified by qPCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the ability of plasma cfDNA concentration to predict recurrence.
Results: Of the 116 patients, 36 (31.0%) developed recurrence during maintenance treatment. The median time to recurrence was 19.00, 9.00, and 8.00 months for patients who had achieved complete response (n = 6), partial response (n = 25), and stable disease (n = 5), respectively, after multidisciplinary treatment. The median plasma cfDNA concentration at the time of recurrence was significantly higher than the concentration in recurrence-free patients throughout maintenance treatment (29.34 ng/mL vs 10.32 ng/mL). Patients recorded a plasma cfDNA level ≥29 ng/mL an average of 0.55 months before diagnosis of disease recurrence. ROC analysis of the power of plasma cfDNA to distinguish between patients with or without recurrence yielded an area under the curve of 0.825, with optimal sensitivity and specificity of 80.6% and 71.3%, respectively, at a cfDNA level of 12.93 ng/mL.
Conclusions: High plasma cfDNA concentration is a potential molecular marker to signal disease recurrence in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.
Inflammation biomarker discovery in Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonisms
Authors: Santaella Anna , Kuiperij H. Bea , Rumund Anouke van , Esselink Rianne A.J. , Gool Alain J. van , Bloem Bas R. , Verbeek Marcel
Published: January 2020

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonisms (APD) have overlapping symptoms challenging an early diagnosis. Diagnostic accuracy is important because PD and APD have different prognosis and response to treatment. We aimed to identify diagnostic inflammatory biomarkers of PD and APD in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using the multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA) technology and to study possible correlations of biomarkers with disease progression.

Methods: CSF from a longitudinal cohort study consisting of PD and APD patients (PD, n = 44; multiple system atrophy (MSA), n = 14; vascular parkinsonism (VaP), n = 9; and PD with VaP, n = 7) and controls (n = 25) were analyzed.

Results: Concentrations of CCL28 were elevated in PD compared to controls (p = 0.0001). Five other biomarkers differentiated both MSA and PD from controls (p < 0.05) and 10 biomarkers differentiated MSA from controls, of which two proteins, i.e. beta nerve growth factor (β-NGF) and Delta and Notch like epidermal growth factor-related receptor (DNER), were also present at lower levels in MSA compared to PD (both p = 0.032). Two biomarkers (MCP-1 and MMP-10) positively correlated with PD progression (rho > 0.650; p < 0.01).

Conclusions: PEA technique identified potential new CSF biomarkers to help to predict the prognosis of PD. Also, we identified new candidate biomarkers to distinguish MSA from PD.
Abnormal Cisatracurium Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics among Patients with Severe Aortic Regurgitation during Anesthetic Induction
Authors: Huang Xiaocong , Chen Lei , Cai Yujing , Wei Jinfeng , Lin Lina , Sun Jie , Peng Xuemei , Wang Sheng
Published: January 2020

Background This study was designed to examine whether severe aortic regurgitation will affect the pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) of cisatracurium during anesthetic induction.
Method s A total of 32 patients were divided into two groups: the AR group (n=16) and the control group (n=16). Arterial blood samples were drawn before and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 16 and 20 minutes after intravenous injection of 0.15mg/kg cisatracurium. TOF tests were applied to determine the onset time of maximal muscle relaxation. The concentration of cisatracurium in plasma was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results The onset time to maximal neuromuscular block was prolonged from 2.07±0.08 minutes to 4.03±0.14 minutes, which indicated that the PD responses to cisatracurium were significantly delayed in the AR group (P<0.05) compared to the control group.
A conventional two-compartment PK model showed a higher plasma concentration of cisatracurium among the AR group with markedly reduced intercompartment transfer rate (K 12 = 0.19±0.02 and K 21 = 0.11±0.01 in the AR group vs. K 12= 0.26±0.01 and K 21 = 0.19±0.01 in the control group, P<0.01) compared to the control group.
Conclusion Backward blood flow during diastole in severe AR impaired distribution of cisatracurium from the central compartment to the peripheral compartment, which accounted for the lagged PD responses.
Findings in this study underlie the importance of neuromuscular blockade monitoring among patients with severe aortic regurgitation during anesthetic induction.
What could be the main levers to promote a timely diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders?
Authors: Garnier-Crussard Antoine , Vernaudon Julien , Auguste Nicolas , Dauphinot Virginie , Krolak-Salmon Pierre
Published: January 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
People with lived experience at the centre of Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations: A model for guideline developers
Authors: Lindsay Patrice , Gierman Natalie , Harris Jocelyn E. , Arthur Gavin , Teed Moira E. , Mountain Anita , Gubitz Gordon , Smith Eric E. , Dowlatshahi Dar , de Jong Andrea , Botly Leigh C.P.
Published: January 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Genome-wide association studies for methane emission and ruminal volatile fatty acids using Holstein cattle sequence data
Authors: Sarghale Ali Jalil , Shahrebabak Mohammad Moradi , Shahrebabak Hossein Moradi , Javaremi Ardeshir Nejati , Saatchi Mahdi , Khansefid Majid , Miar Younes
Published: January 2020

Background: Methane emission by ruminants has contributed considerably to the global warming and understanding the genomic architecture of methane production may help the livestock producers to reduce the methane emission from the livestock production system. The goal of our study was to identify genomic regions affecting the predicted methane emission (PME) from volatile fatty acids (VFAs) indicators and VFA traits using imputed whole-genome sequence data in Iranian Holstein cattle. Results: Based on the significant-association threshold ( p < 5 × 10 −8 ), 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected for PME per kg milk (n=2), PME per kg fat (n=14), and valeric acid (n=17). Besides, 69 genes were identified for valeric acid (n=18), PME per kg milk (n=4) and PME per kg fat (n=47) that were located within 1 Mb of significant SNPs. Based on the gene ontology (GO) term analysis, six promising candidate genes were significantly clustered in organelle organization (GO:0004984, p = 3.9 × 10 -2 ) for valeric acid, and 17 candidate genes significantly clustered in olfactory receptors activity (GO:0004984, p = 4 × 10 -10 ) for PME traits. Annotation results revealed 31 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for milk yield and its components, body weight, and residual feed intake within 1 Mb of significant SNPs. Conclusions: Our results identified 33 SNPs associated with PME and valeric acid traits, as well as 17 olfactory receptors activity genes for PME traits related to food preference and feed intake. Identified SNPs in this study were close to 31 QTLs for milk yield and its components, body weight, and residual feed intake traits. In addition, these traits had high correlations with PME trait. Overall, our findings suggest that marker-assisted and genomic selection could be used to improve the difficult and expensive-to-measure phenotypes such as PME. Moreover, prediction of methane emission by VFA indicators could be useful for increasing the size of the reference population required in genome-wide association studies and genomic selection.
Impact of a comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship program on antimicrobial utilization and clinical isolates distribution in ICUs
Authors: Song Jiaojiao , Zhu Rongsheng , Li Leiqing , Xu Lingcheng , Zhou Quan , Xu Donghang , Hu Yangmin , Wang Xuanding
Published: January 2020

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) and provide clinical evidence for the scientific stewardship of antimicrobials in intensive care units (ICUs) of a teaching hospital.Methods Between January 2013 and December 2018, we conducted a prospective study, based on an antimicrobial computerized clinical decision support system (aCDSS) deployed in 2015 in ICUs of a tertiary and teaching hospital. The primary outcomes included initial and overall use prevalence of antimicrobials. The second outcomes were the detection rate of common clinical isolates before and after therapeutic antimicrobial use, and the change in patterns of resistance of 5 common clinical isolates in the ICU.Results Various types of broad-spectrum antimicrobial use prevalence continued to increase from 2013 to 2015, since 2016, where initial use of carbapenems and glycopeptides were counterbalanced by an increase in use of the first/second-generation cephalosporins, β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and linezolid. From 2015 to 2018, the proportion of extended-broad spectrum antimicrobials alone, wide-coverage therapy and combination therapy decreased significantly (P<0.05). Similarly, where use of carbapenems, glycopeptides, third/fourth-generation cephalosporins and anti-fungi agents were counterbalanced by an increase in overall use of the first/second-generation cephalosporins and β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor combinations. A total of 21891 strains of bacteria and fungi were detected in ICUs from 2015 to 2018, of them, 6.5% (1426/21891) strains were detected before antimicrobial treatment. The detection proportion of Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae and fastidious bacteria were significantly higher before antimicrobial treatment (P<0.05), while Acinetobacter baumannii , Burkholderia cepacia , and Candida spp were significantly lower in all non-repetitive clinical isolates (P<0.05).Conclusions The implementation of a comprehensive ASP combining CDSS in ICUs seems to be effective to improve outcomes on antimicrobial utilization and clinical isolates distribution in critically ill patients.
Community finance and promotion of Managed Aquifer Recharge systems affect uptake and sustainability as a potable water source in southwest coastal Bangladesh: A qualitative study
Authors: Nizame Fosiul A. , Nizame Fosiul Alam , Naser Md. Abu , Sharmin Afsana , Jahir Tania , Doza Solaiman , Rahman Mahbubur , Unicomb Leanne
Published: January 2020

Background In the south-western coastal region of Bangladesh ground water, normally used for drinking, is excessively saline. Increased salinity in drinking water can have a range of adverse health impacts. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) systems, which infiltrate rainwater and fresh pond water into aquifers, are adaptive strategies to deliver low-saline water to the affected communities. Several MAR systems have been piloted in these regions. The MAR pilot study demonstrated the potential for increasing freshwater availability and sustainable year-round drinking water supplies. The objective of this study was to identify MAR system management shortcomings and strengths to provide recommendations that are applicable for future MAR systems and engineering driven water management methods in low-income countries.Methods A qualitative study among the 18 pilot MAR communities with access to MAR systems since 2010 was conducted to assess perceptions of drinking MAR water and usage patterns. We conducted in-depth interviews (24), key informant interviews (2) and focus group discussions (3).Results More than half (13) of the respondents reported that drinking saline water causes diarrhea, dysentery, gastritis, digestive or abdominal disorders none described impact on blood pressure. More than two thirds (13/18) of current MAR users reported MAR as their preferred drinking water source. Almost half (11) reported that they were familiar with MAR but don’t understand how it works. A majority of respondents (17) considered MAR water safe because they thought there are no germs present. Nonetheless, respondents mentioned several problems including dissatisfaction with water quality (salinity/iron/smell/dirt in the water), and management (MAR sites found locked for most of the day). MAR installation and management staff and technical supervisors and caretakers thought that water quality was hampered by irregular water infiltration. They reported that management and maintenance issues were their primary concern, which were impeded by limited funds, as users do not pay regularly.Conclusions Though there is a demand for drinking water from MAR systems, the concerns about management related to finance, in addition to the amount collected are the greatest threat to system functionality and sustainability, which requires community-based solutions that will provide regular oversight and maintenance.
Incidence of Hypertension among Persons Living with HIV in China A Multicenter Study
Authors: Fan Hongwei , guo fuping , Hsieh Evelyn , Chen Wei-Ti , Lv Wei , Han Yang , Xie Jing , Li Yanling , Song Xiaojing , Li Taisheng
Published: January 2020

Objectives Life expectancy among persons living with HIV (PLWH) has improved with increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), however incidence of chronic comorbidities has simultaneously increased. No data are available regarding the incidence of hypertension among Chinese PLWH.Methods We analyzed data collected from patients enrolled in two prospective longitudinal multicenter studies of PLWH initiating ART in China. Incidence rate of hypertension per 100 person-years (PYs) among PLWH was calculated, and Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the association between incident hypertension and traditional and HIV-associated risk factors.Results Of 1078 patients included in this analysis, 984 ART-naïve patients were hypertension-free at baseline, and contributed 2337.7 PYs of follow up, with a median follow-up period of 1.8 years (range: 1.2-3.2) after initiation of ART. Incidence of hypertension was 7.6 [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.5-8.7] per 100 PYs. In the Cox regression analysis, incidence of hypertension was positively associated with BMI [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.07 (1.01,1.13), p=0.02] and recent viral load (aHR 1.28, 95% CI:1.08-1.51, p=0), and negatively associated with recent CD4+/CD8+ ratio (aHR 0.14, 95% CI:0.06-0.31, p<0.001), zidovudine exposure (aHR 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10-0.24, p<0.001) and tenofovir exposure (aHR 0.13, 95% CI: 0.08-0.21, p<0.001).Conclusions The incidence of hypertension was relatively high among Chinese PLWH initiating ART. Independent risk factors for incident hypertension included recent low CD4+/CD8+ ratio and detectable HIV viremia, whereas receipt of ART was associated with reduced risk. Hypertension may be mitigated, in part, by excellent HIV care, including viral suppression with ART.