bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le Dub jamaïcain : du fond sonore au genre musical
Authors: Elfordy Wilfried
Published: July 2012

Étudier la musique dub, c’est remonter au berceau d’un grand nombre de musiques populaires urbaines de la fin du XXe siècle (rap, disco remix, trip-hop…). Nous allons donc donner dans cet article une vision globale du dub jamaïcain autour d’une réflexion qui aura pour enjeux de déterminer si cette musique peut être considéré comme un « genre musical ». On s’intéressera notamment au travail novateur de certains ingénieurs du son sur de la matière sonore préenregistrée dans les studios d’enregistrement de Jamaïque au début des années 1970.
Le « stoner rock » en France
Authors: Hein Fabien
Published: July 2012

À quel moment un genre musical est-il caractérisé en tant que tel ? Comment parvient-il à s’imposer progressivement, en tant que genre, dans le circuit du monde du rock ? Pour tenter de répondre à ces questions, cet article prendra appui sur l’exemple du « stoner rock » et de son développement récent en France. Bien que modeste, l’intérêt de certains amateurs de rock pour ce genre musical est aujourd’hui manifeste. Sa croissance reste cependant essentiellement confinée à un niveau underground. Ce qui renforce d’autant son intérêt pour le chercheur qui trouve en lui, un véritable laboratoire en action. Il peut y accompagner un processus en voie de constitution. L’analyse de ce développement s’articule à partir des concepts de goût et de médiation. Ces derniers sont abordés sur la base de plusieurs types de données. D’abord, une observation participante de ce monde musical particulier : fréquentation de concerts en France (Paris et Nancy), en Allemagne (triangle Sarrebruck, Trèves et Francfort) et en Belgique (festival « stoner » sur une période de deux jours à proximité de Dinant). Puis, des entretiens directifs et semi-directifs menés avec les sept acteurs principaux du « stoner rock » en France courant 2000. Enfin, une analyse de 72 pochettes de disques, deux fanzines et trois webzines d’obédience « stoner ». C’est donc en suivant un trajet circulaire entre les différentes figures de l’amateur, de l’acteur culturel et du médiateur (humain et non-humain) que nous allons pouvoir reconstituer le processus qui mène à la définition stable d’un genre musical.
The Emancipation of Mimi ?
Authors: Guibert Gérôme
Published: July 2012

Signée chez Sony, puis chez Universal, Mariah Carey est une chanteuse américaine née en 1970 qui a vendu plus de 150 millions d’albums depuis les débuts de sa carrière professionnelle en 1990. Une analyse superficielle pourrait laisser penser qu’il s’agit d’une interprète façonnée par les majors pour interpréter des titres calibrés en fonction de la demande (Guibert, 1998). Pourtant, le fait qu’elle écrive ou coécrive la quasi intégralité de ses chansons et qu’elle soit elle-même productrice de ses enregistrements en font une exception dans le domaine des variétés (« pop music » aux États-Unis), et encore davantage des femmes interprètes. Cette contribution s’intéresse à la présentation de soi opérée par Mariah Carey qui a radicalement évolué dans la seconde partie des années 1990. De chanteuse à voix se présentant en robe du soir pour exécuter un répertoire mainstream comprenant une majorité de ballades, elle est devenue une interprète de R&B au look sexy et provoquant qui revendique ses origines africaines américaines. Mariah Carey justifie ce virage, en tant que femme, en utilisant un argumentaire d’émancipation personnelle. À partir d’éléments théoriques issus des cultural studies, et plus spécifiquement aux postcolonial studies et aux gender studies, on peut successivement lire les prises de paroles publiques de la chanteuse comme une preuve d’aliénation, de résistance ou encore comme une stratégie économique de promotion de carrière. Au-delà de paradigmes balisés, le cas étudié montre ainsi la complexité du travail sur des corpus spécifiques dans le cadre des études de célébrités.
“The Voice in the Mirror”. Michael Jackson : d’une identité vocale à sa mise en image sonore
Authors: Stegner-Petitjean Isabelle
Published: July 2012

Michael Jackson est un artiste dont les multiples expressions vocales constituent le premier jalon d’une identité paroxystiquement pop. Les références esthétiques éclectiques qui ont échafaudé et nourri sa vocalité se sont trouvées systématiquement réappropriées, réinvesties et assimilées en une seule et même personnalité vocale. L’identité sonore de Michael Jackson, outre ses constituants mélodiques et rythmiques, est construite de façon audible et tangible sur un phénomène de physicalité qui fait la part belle au bruitisme buccal, guttural, respiratoire ou corporel d’un chanteur dansant même en studio. Soucieux de restituer avec transparence cette identité, l’ingénieur du son Bruce Swedien a opté pour des approches techniques et des stratégies de studio visant à conserver fidèlement les expressions premières du chanteur : micros, prises de son analogiques, techniques d’enregistrement des larges prismes vocaux, élaboration d’espaces acoustiques naturels, champ stéréophonique converti en un espace sonore tridimensionnel jouant sur les early reflections, plywood, Monstercable ou encore Tubetraps ont fait l’objet, dans la quête d’authenticité de Bruce Swedien, de choix délibérés convoquant conjointement ou tour à tour tradition et technologie.
One text, many stories: The (ir)relevance of reader-response criticism for apocryphal literature in the Septuagint
Authors: Nolte S. Philip
Published: July 2012

This article investigated the value of reader-response theory for the reading of apocryphal texts in the Septuagint. The groundbreaking work on reader-response theory developed by Wolfgang Iser in his book The Act of Reading: A Theory of Aesthetic Response, written in 1978 served as the theoretical point of departure. Although the reader-response theory has been scrutinised and criticised heavily during the last three decades, Iser made a very valuable contribution to the reading of literature. My assumption is that religious texts have to be read in the same way as other literature and therefore literary theories such as Iser’s can be conducive for responsible interpretation. The article consists of the following parts: introductory remarks on the value of reader-response theory for the interpretation of apocryphal texts; a short overview of reader-response criticism; a discussion and evaluation of three different aspects of Iser’s theory, namely ‘gaps’ in texts, ‘asymmetry’ between readers and texts and the concept of ‘the implied reader’. The findings of the investigation will be given in part five (Findings).
New Aura Microwave Limb Sounder observations of BrO and implications for Bry
Authors: Millán L. , Livesey N. , Read W. , Froidevaux L. , Kinnison D. , Harwood R. , MacKenzie I. A. , Chipperfield M. P.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. This paper introduces a new inversion algorithm for retrievals of stratospheric BrO from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder. This version is based on the algorithm described by Livesey et al. (2006a) but uses a more realistic atmospheric state to constrain the retrieval. A description of the methodology and an error analysis are presented. Single daily profile precision uncertainty, when taking the ascending-descending (day-night) difference, was found to be up to 40 pptv while systematic error biases were estimated to be less than about 3 pptv. Monthly mean comparisons show broad agreement with other measurements as well as with state-of-the-art numerical models. We infer a 2005 yearly total inorganic Bry using the measured MLS BrO to be 20.3 ± 4.5 pptv, which implies a contribution from very short lived substances to the stratospheric bromine budget of 5 ± 4.5 pptv.
Evaluation of factors affecting accurate measurements of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 by wavelength-scanned cavity ring-down spectroscopy
Authors: Nara H. , Tanimoto H. , Tohjima Y. , Mukai H. , Nojiri Y. , Katsumata K. , Rella C.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. We examined potential interferences from water vapor and atmospheric background gases (N2, O2, and Ar), and biases by isotopologues of target species, on accurate measurement of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 by means of wavelength-scanned cavity ring-down spectroscopy (WS-CRDS). Variations in the composition of the background gas substantially impacted the CO2 and CH4 measurements: the measured amounts of CO2 and CH4 decreased with increasing N2 mole fraction, but increased with increasing O2 and Ar, suggesting that the pressure-broadening effects (PBEs) increased as Ar < O2 < N2. Using these experimental results, we inferred PBEs for the measurement of synthetic standard gases. The PBEs were negligible (up to 0.05 ppm for CO2 and 0.01 ppb for CH4) for gas standards balanced with purified air, although the PBEs were substantial (up to 0.87 ppm for CO2 and 1.4 ppb for CH4) for standards balanced with synthetic air. For isotopic biases on CO2 measurements, we compared experimental results and theoretical calculations, which showed excellent agreement within their uncertainty. We derived empirical correction functions for water vapor for three WS-CRDS instruments (Picarro EnviroSense 3000i, G-1301, and G-2301). Although the transferability of the functions was not clear, no significant difference was found in the water vapor correction values among these instruments within the typical analytical precision at sufficiently low water concentrations (< 0.3%V for CO2 and < 0.4%V for CH4). For accurate measurements of CO2 and CH4 in ambient air, we concluded that WS-CRDS measurements should be performed under complete dehumidification of air samples, or moderate dehumidification followed by application of a water vapor correction function, along with calibration by natural air-based standard gases or purified air-balanced synthetic standard gases with isotopic correction.
Detecting hotspots of atmosphere-vegetation interaction via slowing down – Part 2: Application to a global climate model
Authors: Bathiany S. , Claussen M. , Fraedrich K.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. Early Warning Signals (EWS) have become a popular statistical tool to infer stability properties of the climate system. In Part 1 of this two-part paper we have presented a diagnostic method to find the hotspot of a sudden transition as opposed to regions that experience an externally induced tipping as a mere response. Here, we apply our method to the atmosphere-vegetation model PlanetSimulator (PlaSim) – VECODE using a surrogate stochastic toy model. For each of two vegetation collapses in PlaSim-VECODE we find a hotspot of one particular grid cell. We demonstrate with additional experiments that the detected hotspots are indeed a particularly sensitive region in the model and give a physical explanation for these results. The method can thus provide information on the causality of sudden transitions and may help to improve the knowledge on the vulnerability of certain subsystems in climate models.
Enhancing flood resilience through improved risk communications
Authors: O'Sullivan J. J. , Bradford R. A. , Bonaiuto M. , De Dominicis S. , Rotko P. , Aaltonen J. , Waylen K. , Langan S. J.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. A framework of guiding recommendations for effective pre-flood and flood warning communications derived from the URFlood project (2nd ERA-Net CRUE Research Funding Initiative) from extensive quantitative and qualitative research in Finland, Ireland, Italy and Scotland is presented. Eleven case studies in fluvial, pluvial, coastal, residual and "new" flood risk locations were undertaken. The recommendations were developed from questionnaire surveys by exploring statistical correlations of actions and understandings of individuals in flood risk situations to low, moderate and high resilience groupings. Groupings were based on a conceptual relationship of self-assessed levels of awareness, preparedness and worry. Focus groups and structured interviews were used to discuss barriers in flood communications, explore implementation of the recommendations and to rank the recommendations in order of perceived importance. Results indicate that the information deficit model for flood communications that relies on the provision of more and better information to mitigate risk in flood-prone areas is insufficient, and that the communications process is very much multi-dimensional. The recommendations are aimed at addressing this complexity and their careful implementation is likely to improve the penetration of flood communications. The recommendations are applicable to other risks and are transferrable to jurisdictions beyond the project countries.
Manufactured solutions and the numerical verification of isothermal, nonlinear, three-dimensional Stokes ice-sheet models
Authors: Leng W. , Ju L. , Gunzburger M. , Price S.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. The technique of manufactured solutions is used for verification of computational models in many fields. In this paper we construct manufactured solutions for models of three-dimensional, isothermal, nonlinear Stokes flow in glaciers and ice sheets. The solution construction procedure starts with kinematic boundary conditions and is mainly based on the solution of a first-order partial differential equation for the ice velocity that satisfies the incompressibility condition. The manufactured solutions depend on the geometry of the ice sheet and other model parameters. Initial conditions are taken from the periodic geometry of a standard problem of the ISMIP-HOM benchmark tests and altered through the manufactured solution procedure to generate an analytic solution for the time-dependent flow problem. We then use this manufactured solution to verify a parallel, high-order accurate, finite element Stokes ice-sheet model. Results from the computational model show excellent agreement with the manufactured analytic solutions.
Impacts of Changes in Exchange Rate and International Prices on Agriculture and Economy of the Sudan: Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Authors: Elsheikh Omer Elgaili , Elbushra Azharia Abdelbagi , Salih Ali A. A.
Published: July 2012

Changes in exchange rate and international prices greatly affect food availability, the agricultural sector, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This study quantifies the effects of change in exchange rate and world prices on Sudan’s agricultural production, imports, exports, and GDP. Special emphasis has been placed on sorghum and wheat, the main food grains. A Standard Computable General Equilibrium model has been developed and used for the analysis. The main objective is to contribute to policy-making process for enhancing food security and social welfare in the Sudan.

Currency depreciation would reduce wheat imports and increase its domestic production, increase sorghum export, increase domestic output and export of sesame and cotton, and improves GDP; and vice versa for appreciation. Appreciation favors urban (wheat) consumers, whereas depreciation favors rural (sorghum) consumers.

Increasing world price of wheat would decrease its imports, whereas that of sorghum would encourage its production and export, and increase domestic food prices. GDP decreases due to investment reduction.

It is recommended that wheat import should be conditioned on hard currency availability and food gap, while maintaining stable exchange rate that strike a balance between encouraging sorghum exports and wheat imports. It is also recommended to encourage innovation of fast food from traditional grains to curb the shift to wheat consumption.
L’Évangéline de Longfellow traduit par Pamphile Le May, un classique acadien?
Authors: Morency Jean
Published: July 2012

Publié à Boston en 1847, Evangeline – A Tale of Acadie, de Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, qui a été traduit en français en 1865 par Pamphile Le May, soulève des questions inusitées dans le cadre de la constitution du patrimoine littéraire en Acadie et du projet d’édition critique des classiques acadiens. Quelle place en effet convient-il de réserver à un texte rédigé en anglais par un auteur américain qui n’est jamais venu en Acadie, et qui a été traduit de surcroît par un Canadien français originaire de la province de Québec? Un livre comme celui-ci mérite-il d’être considéré comme un classique acadien ou à tout le moins comme une oeuvre emblématique de l’Acadie? Cet article aborde quelques éléments relatifs au processus de la genèse, de la traduction et de la réception d’Evangeline, éléments qui alimentent la réflexion sur la place qu’il convient de réserver à cette oeuvre dans le patrimoine littéraire acadien, ainsi que sur la notion de classique dans le contexte des petites littératures.
Abréaction et littérature : le « cas » Ronald Després
Authors: Raymond Maurice
Published: July 2012

Notre projet d’édition critique de l’oeuvre globale de Ronald Després répond à trois impératifs : mettre en lumière, d’abord, à partir de plusieurs manuscrits et documents divers se trouvant au Centre d’études acadiennes, un des textes fondamentaux de la littérature acadienne (oeuvre éditée), qui reste peu connu et peu commenté; mettre à la disposition du public, ensuite, l’oeuvre « souterraine » de l’auteur (oeuvre inédite), composée de plusieurs contes, romans et poèmes qui viennent éclairer significativement l’oeuvre officielle; mettre en lumière, enfin, autant que faire se peut, les principaux refoulements éditoriaux effectués par l’auteur sur son texte. Après un retour sommaire sur la biographie de l’auteur et la nature de son oeuvre, nous nous appliquerons à présenter quelques exemples de ses refoulements ou effacements éditoriaux, fort importants, selon nous, pour une compréhension nuancée de l’oeuvre.
L’édition critique d’un texte fondateur : La Sagouine d’Antonine Maillet
Authors: Giroux Amélie
Published: July 2012

Si l’impact de La Sagouine sur la littérature, la culture et la société acadiennes est aujourd’hui reconnu tant par la critique savante que populaire, il reste notamment, grâce aux manuscrits et aux différentes éditions de l’oeuvre, à en découvrir le processus de création. Car de manuscrits en tapuscrits, elle s’est entre autres faite lecture radiophonique, scénarios de théâtre puis de vidéo et, bien sûr, éditions. À travers ce dynamisme intergénérique, l’auteure a modifié son texte, parfois par des ajouts substantiels, ou encore, au fil des éditions, par une acadianisation de l’orthographe et de la syntaxe. Cet aspect de l’oeuvre est encore méconnu et, en ce sens, en établir l’édition critique permettra de raffiner l’analyse de son processus de création, notamment de ce jeu sur l’écriture. Cet article vise à présenter le projet de recherche envisagé.
À l’ère des brouillons électroniques : une étude génétique du roman Bloupe de Jean Babineau
Authors: Richard Chantal
Published: July 2012

S’insérant dans le cadre d’une édition critique électronique multimédia, cet article s’attarde surtout aux brouillons électroniques du roman postmoderne Bloupe de Jean Babineau. Au début des années 1990, survient la révolution technologique la plus importante dans l’histoire de l’écriture depuis l’invention de la machine à écrire : l’ordinateur personnel devient abordable, voire indispensable pour tout écrivain sérieux. Un inventaire détaillé des archives de l’auteur a révélé l’existence de 31 disquettes de 3,5 pouces contenant 17 versions distinctes du roman, qui ont été élaborées sur une période de presque deux ans. Par des fonctions de logiciels de traitement de texte qui permettent la comparaison de versions électroniques, nous arrivons à reconstituer la chronologie, à établir une datation assez exacte et à relever de façon exhaustive toutes les variantes électroniques. Nous tenterons de dégager les particularités du brouillon électronique et de montrer l’influence que le support électronique a pu avoir sur la production ou la révision du texte définitif. Enfin, en nous basant sur des études à la fine pointe dans le domaine, nous proposerons une méthodologie et des outils pour analyser ce nouveau phénomène de la génétique textuelle.
Entre redécouverte et création contemporaine : le double jeu des Éditions Tintamarre, (petite) presse universitaire louisianaise
Authors: Bruce Clint
Published: July 2012

Depuis leur fondation en 2003, l’activité toujours croissante des Éditions Tintamarre, petites presses universitaires basées au Centenary College of Louisiana, à Shreveport, a donné un nouveau souffle à l’édition francophone en Louisiane. Se décrivant comme une « maison d’édition en langues patrimoniales » — heritage language press —, Tintamarre réédite des oeuvres du xixe siècle tout en tendant la main à la création actuelle en français. C’est ce « double jeu » qu’examine cet article. D’une part, il interroge l’inscription de cette entreprise de récupération littéraire dans divers contextes, ou champs d’insertion, au moyen de l’enjeu stratégique que serait la qualité patrimoniale des textes (re)publiés; ceux-là comprennent entre autres : le multilinguisme étatsunien, la francophonie nord-américaine ou encore les études françaises aux États-Unis. D’autre part, il met en lumière la « cohérence de la contradiction » qui sous-tend cette initiative hardie, à savoir la promotion du livre-monument, présenté comme un héritage culturel appartenant même aux non-francophones, afin de favoriser le livre-texte, instrument de développement du français comme langue vivante en Louisiane.
Phase‐Selective Doping of Oriented Regioregular Poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) Controls Stability of Thermoelectric Properties
Authors: Guchait Shubhradip , Dash Aditya , Lemaire Antoine , Herrmann Laurent , Kemerink Martijn , Brinkmann Martin
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on the impact of dopant location in the semicrystalline structure of regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) on the long‐term stability of thermoelectric properties probed in rub‐aligned films. Phase‐selective doping is possible by suitable choice of dopants. Anion exchange doping results in TFSI dopants located in both crystalline and amorphous domains whereas magic blue dopants are located in the amorphous phase only. The combination of rub‐alignment, increasing concentration doping, and anion exchange doping is effective to produce doped P3HT films with enhanced thermoelectric properties and stability. Transmission electron microscopy, polarized optical absorption spectroscopy, and transport measurements help identify different regimes of doping: crystalline domains are doped first by exchange of F4TCNQ− with TFSI−, followed by a progressive doping of amorphous regions. The best thermoelectric performances of TFSI‐exchanged P3HT lead to power factors in the 160–170 µW m−1 K−2 range. Despite similar TE performances, MB‐doped and TFSI‐exchanged P3HT films behave very differently on aging. Numerically exact kinetic Monte Carlo simulations clarify the origin of this difference. The retention of charges in any phase is crucial for the stability in conductivity, but the conductivity at long aging times, σ∞ is quantitatively determined by the specific phase retaining the charges.
Bioinspired Multistimulus‐Responsive Piezoelectric Polymeric Nanoheterostructures via Interface‐Confined Configurations
Authors: Cui Defeng , Wang Jie , Zhang Mengxia , Cheng Tao , Yue Nan , Qiu Donghai , Lu Bo , Dong Binbin , Shen Changyu , Liu Chuntai
Published: June 2024

Developing polymer‐based piezoelectric materials with multistimulus responsiveness is highly desirable for advancing multi‐source energy harvesting in wearable electronics. Inspired by the multifunctionality of muscle fibers, a nanostructure interface engineering strategy to create piezoelectric polymeric nanoheterostructures (PNHs) with remarkable responsiveness to both mechanical and nonmechanical contactless stimuli is introduced. Through precise interfacing of polymer nanofibers with nanoparticles via multiscale‐regulated interface electrostatic and chemical interactions, the study achieves a controlled assembly of stabilized and hierarchically organized nanoheterostructures featuring unique interface‐confined configurations. These configurations induce in situ stabilized dipole orientation and significant geometric stress nano‐confinement at interfaces, crucial for amplifying electricity generation. Compared to conventional polymer nanocomposites, engineered PNHs exhibit dramatically enhanced piezoelectricity, boasting a higher sensitivity of 1065 mV kPa−1 and piezoelectric coefficient of 76.2 pC N−1. Furthermore, PNHs demonstrate superior thermo‐actuated electricity generation under temperature fluctuations through cooperative spontaneous polarizations of constituent nanostructures, yielding a higher pyroelectric coefficient of 3.13 µC m2K−1. Additionally, the design enables photothermally‐activated switchable electricity generation and light‐energy harvesting, achieving a photo‐electric conversion efficiency tenfold higher than nanocomposites. This effective and versatile approach inspires the development of multi‐responsive nanogenerators for multi‐energy harvesting and self‐powered multistimulus‐sensing applications.
Tb3+‐Doped Ca3Ga4O9 Phosphors with Color‐Tunable Photoluminescence and Non‐Pre‐Irradiation Mechanoluminescence for Multimodal Applications
Authors: Wang Jin , Ao Yu‐Chen , Zhao Shu‐Juan , Li Gui‐Hua , Cai Ge‐Mei , Xie Rong‐Jun
Published: June 2024

Materials that can emit light under optical/mechanical stimulation are usually called photoluminescent/mechanoluminescent (PL/ML) materials. PL materials are used in diverse fields for half a century. While, ML materials have burst out in the last two decades, and now are showing great application potential in the fields of anti‐counterfeiting, information storage, and stress imaging. It is of great significance to explore new luminescent materials with PL and ML dual response. In this study, Tb3+‐doped Ca3Ga4O9 phosphors with color‐tunable PL and non‐pre‐irradiation ML properties are reported. Ca3Ga4O9 exhibits a broadband blue emission centering at 425 nm, which originates from the 4T2‐4A2 transition of electrons in d orbits of Ga3+. Due to the energy transfer from host to Tb3+, color‐tunable emission from blue to cyan, and ultimately to green can be realized by increasing the concentration of Tb3+. Particularly, ML is seen from Ca3Ga4O9:Tb3+ under grinding and from the Ca3Ga4O9:Tb3+/PDMS film under bending or stretching originated from the triboelectric mechanism. The non‐pre‐irradiation ML behavior is evidenced by the contrast thermoluminescence (TL) experiments. This study not only provides a new candidate toward multi‐purpose luminescent applications, but also demonstrates a good case in which the triboelectric effect can efficiently trigger the non‐pre‐irradiation ML behavior.
Wet‐Processable Binder in Composite Cathode for High Energy Density All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Hong Seung‐Bo , Jang Yoo‐Rim , Kim Hun , Jung Yun‐Chae , Shin Gyuhwang , Hah Hoe Jin , Cho Woosuk , Sun Yang‐Kook , Kim Dong‐Won
Published: June 2024

Sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) are potential alternatives to conventional lithium‐ion batteries for enhancing energy density and battery safety. However, the industrial sector encounters technical challenges in the fabrication of high‐mass‐loaded composite cathodes to improve the energy densities of ASSLBs. Thus, the selection of an appropriate binder and cathode active material is very important for achieving a good cycling performance of ASSLBs. In this study, wet‐processable poly(ethylene‐co‐methyl acrylate‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate) (EMG) binder and full‐concentration gradient (FCG) LiNi0.78Co0.10Mn0.12O2 (NCM) cathode active material are employed to fabricate the composite cathode with high active mass loading (21.4 mg cm−2). The EMG binder provided strong binding properties to the cathode constituents and improved the electrical conductivity of the composite cathode. The FCG NCM mitigated the morphology damages caused by volume changes in the cathode active material during cycling. Consequently, the solid‐state lithium battery with the composite cathode employing EMG binder and FCG NCM delivered a high discharge capacity of 196.6 mAh g−1 corresponding to an areal capacity of 4.21 mAh cm−2 and showed good capacity retention of 85.1% after 300 cycles at 0.2 C rate and 30 °C.
GPC4 truncating variant associated with Keipert syndrome and lacrimal punctal agenesis
Authors: Kuroda Yukiko , Uehara Takeshi , Enomoto Yumi , Naruto Takuya , Matsumura Nozomi , Kurosawa Kenji
Published: June 2024

Lacrimal punctal agenesis is an extremely rare condition with an unclear genetic basis. Here, we report a 3‐year‐old male patient harboring a hemizygous variant in glypican 4 (GPC4), which causes Keipert syndrome, who presented with complete lacrimal punctal agenesis, distinctive craniofacial features, mild developmental delay, mild intellectual disability, and autism. The craniofacial features included a prominent forehead, epicanthus, depressed and broad nasal bridge, hypoplastic columella, midface hypoplasia, tented upper lip, and low‐set ears. Proband exome sequencing identified a hemizygous variant in GPC4: NM_001448.3:c.1051C > T (p.Arg351*). The GPC4 variant was inherited from his heterozygous mother; X‐inactivation followed a skewed pattern in his mother. This patient demonstrated clinical features consistent with Keipert syndrome including craniofacial features, brachydactyly, broad distal phalanx, broad first toe, and mild developmental delay; however, agenesis of the lacrimal puncta has not been reported previously in Keipert syndrome. Our findings suggest that GPC4, which encodes a heparan‐sulfate proteoglycan, may play an important role in lacrimal morphogenesis. Our observations also suggest that Keipert syndrome should be considered in patients with lacrimal punctal agenesis.
Adaptive Helical Chirality in Supramolecular Microcrystals for Circularly Polarized Lasing
Authors: Lu Miaosen , Li Penghao , Dong Xinyu , Jiang Zhengjun , Ren Shizhe , Yao Jiannian , Dong Haiyun , Zhao Yong Sheng
Published: June 2024

Chiral organic molecules offer a promising platform for exploring circularly polarized lasing, which, however, faces a great challenge that the spatial separation of molecular chiral and luminescent centers limits chiroptical activity. Here we develop a helically chiral supramolecular system with completely overlapped chiral and luminescent units for realizing high‐performance circularly polarized lasing. Adaptive helical chirality is obtained by incorporating chiral agents into organic microcrystals. Benefiting from the efficient coupling of stimulated emission with the adaptive helical chirality, the supramolecular microcrystals enable high‐performance circularly polarized lasing emission with dissymmetry factors up to ~0.7. This work opens up the way to rational design of chiral organic materials for circularly polarized lasing.
Cationic Bis(hydrosilane)—Coinage‐Metal Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Use as Catalysts for Outer‐Sphere C=O Hydrosilylation Not Involving Metal Hydrides
Authors: Gao Haopeng , Kwon Seongyeon , Kwon Hyuk‐Yong , Irran Elisabeth , Klare Hendrik F. T. , Baik Mu‐Hyun , Oestreich Martin
Published: June 2024

The preparation of cationic bis(hydrosilane)–coinage‐metal complexes by chloride abstraction from the neutral metal chloride precursors with Na[BArF4] is described. Unlike previously reported hydrosilane‐stabilized copper and silver complexes, the presented complexes are cationic and feature two bidentate (ortho‐silylphenyl)phosphine ligands. These complexes were fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction analysis, revealing that both Si−H bonds are activated by the Lewis acidic cationic metal center. The new complexes were found to be effective in catalytic carbonyl hydrosilylation, leading to the corresponding silyl ethers under mild conditions without the addition of an external base. Combined mechanistic control experiments and quantum chemical calculations support an ionic outer‐sphere mechanism, in which a neutral metal alkoxide species instead of a metal hydride is the key intermediate that interacts with the silylcarboxonium ion to generate the silyl ether.
Microfluidic Metasurfaces: A New Frontier in Electromagnetic Wave Engineering
Authors: Qin Jin , Jiang Shibin , Li Shibin , He Shaowei , Zhu Weiming
Published: June 2024

Metasurfaces, as 2D artificial electromagnetic materials, play a pivotal role in manipulating electromagnetic waves by controlling their amplitude, phase, and polarization. Achieving this control involves designing subwavelength meta‐molecules with specific geometries and periodicities. In the context of microfluidic metasurfaces, optical properties can be dynamically modulated by altering either the geometric structure of liquid meta‐molecules or the refractive index of the liquid medium. Leveraging the fluidity of liquid materials, microfluidic metasurfaces exhibit remarkable performance in terms of reconfigurability and flexibility. These properties not only establish a cutting‐edge research area but also broaden the scope of applications for active metasurface devices. Additionally, the integration of metasurfaces within microfluidic systems has led to novel functionalities, including enhanced particle manipulation and sensor technologies. Compared to conventional solid‐material‐based metasurfaces, microfluidic metasurfaces offer greater design freedom, making them advantageous for diverse fields such as electromagnetic absorption, optical sensing, holographic displays, and tunable optical meta‐devices like flat lenses and polarizers. This review provides insights into the characteristics, modulation techniques, and potential applications of microfluidic metasurfaces, illuminating both the current research landscape and promising avenues for further explorations.
A Multiomic Analysis to Identify Drivers of Subclinical Vascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Oliveira Christopher , Temesgen‐Oyelakin Yenealem , Naqi Mohammad , Davis Michael , Naz Faiza , Dell'Orso Stefania , Brooks Stephen , Kuhn Skyler , Hill Tom , Li Xiaobai , Patel Nidhi , Parel Philip , Gadina Massimo , Gupta Sarthak , Mehta Nehal , Hasni Sarfaraz A. , Kaplan Mariana J.
Published: June 2024

Objective

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and this is not explained by traditional risk factors. Characterization of blood immunologic signatures that associate with subclinical CVD and predict its progression has been challenging and may help identify subgroups at risk.

Methods

Patients with SLE (n = 77) and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 27) underwent assessments of arterial stiffness, vascular wall inflammation, and coronary atherosclerosis burden with cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI); fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) (target‐to‐background ratio [TBR]); and coronary CT angiography. Whole blood bulk RNA sequencing was performed in a subset of study participants (HC n = 10, SLE n = 20). In a partially overlapping subset (HC n = 24, SLE n = 64), serum inflammatory protein biomarkers were quantified with an Olink platform.

Results

CAVI, TBR, and noncalcified coronary plaque burden (NCB) were increased in patients with SLE compared to HCs. When comparing patients with SLE with high CAVI scores to those with low CAVI scores or to HCs, there was a down‐regulation of genes in pathways involved in the cell cycle and differentially regulated pathways related to metabolism. Distinct serum proteins associated with increased CAVI (CCL23, colony‐stimulating factor 1, latency‐activating peptide transforming growth factor β1, interleukin 33 [IL‐33], CD8A, and IL‐12B), NCB (monocyte chemotactic protein 4 and FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand [Flt3L]), and TBR (CD5, IL‐1α, AXIN1, cystatin D [CST5], and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 9; P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Blood gene expression patterns and serum proteins that associate with worse vascular phenotypes suggest dysregulated immune and metabolic pathways linked to premature CVD. Cytokines and chemokines identified in associations with arterial stiffness, inflammation, and NCB in SLE may allow for characterization of new CVD biomarkers in lupus.
Recent Progress on Transition Metal Catalyzed Macrocyclizations Based on C−H Bond Activation at Heterocyclic Scaffolds
Authors: Das Sarbojit , Pradhan Tapan Kumar , Samanta Rajarshi
Published: June 2024

Macrocycles are essential in protein‐protein interactions and the preferential intake of bioactive scaffolds. Macrocycles are commonly synthesized by late‐stage macrolactonizations, macrolactamizations, transition metal‐catalyzed ring‐closing metathesis, S−S bond‐forming reactions, and copper‐catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition. Recently, transition metal‐catalyzed C−H activation strategies have gained significant interest among chemists to synthesize macrocycles. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the transition metal‐catalyzed macrocyclization via C−H bond functionalization of heterocycle‐containing peptides, annulations, and heterocycle‐ring construction through direct C−H bond functionalization. In the first part, palladium salt catalyzed coupling with indolyl C(sp3)−H and C(sp2)−H bonds for macrocyclization is reported. The second part summarizes rhodium‐catalyzed macrocyclizations via site‐selective C−H bond functionalization. Earth‐abundant, less toxic 3d metal salt Mn‐catalyzed cyclizations are reported in the latter part. This summary is expected to spark interest in emerging methods of macrocycle production among organic synthesis and chemical biology practitioners, helping to develop the discipline. We hope that this mini‐review will also inspire synthetic chemists to explore new and broadly applicable C−C bond‐forming strategies for macrocyclization via intramolecular C−H activation.
Prussian Blue‐Assisted NIR Triggered In‐Situ Polymerized Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Wound Repair
Authors: Wu Qimeng , Zhang Zhixue , Li Yao , Gu Yuan , Ding Xiaokang , Hu Hao , Xu Fujian
Published: June 2024

Hydrogels are commonly used as wound dressings to help maintain a moist environment around the wound and isolate contaminants, thus promoting healing. For irregular wounds, the slow healing process and even infection may occur due to the inability of dressings to adhere well to the wound. Prussian blue (PB) is a metal‐organic framework (MOF) material with excellent photothermal conversion and superior stability. In this paper, a kind of near‐infrared (NIR) light triggered in‐situ polymerized antimicrobial hydrogel was prepared. The free radical initiator was encapsulated in the hollow PB by a phase change material (PCM) to maintain stability. The raised temperature triggered by NIR induced the release and decomposition of the initiator. The matrix was formed by the cross‐linking of double bonds on modified chitosan. The quaternary amine groups of modified chitosan and the photothermal properties of PB enhanced the antimicrobial properties of the hydrogel. High‐quality wound healing was demonstrated in the whole skin defect model. This study provides a new reference for the preparation of in‐situ polymerized hydrogel dressings for irregular wounds.
Trastuzumab‐induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in a Her‐2‐positive metastatic breast cancer patient—A rare case report
Authors: Ferdause Jannatul , Momtahena Sura Jukrup , Karim Rubama , Chowdhury Aditi Paul , Hossain Nowshin Taslima , Islam Md Ariful , Habib Maruf Bin , Kadir A. K. M. Shafiul , Haque Md Ariful
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical Message

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) is a rare, but potentially fatal mucocutaneous reaction, that may occur due to an immunologic response to certain medications. However, TEN triggered by Trastuzumab is extremely rare. Early diagnosis, recognition, and prompt cessation of the offending drugs and initiation of steroid therapy with supportive management are the most important actions for managing TEN. Although rare, it is important to be vigilant about this potential adverse reactions associated with trastuzumab to ensure patient safety and contribute to better outcomes.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Itaconic Acid Derivatives via Chemodivergent Single and Double Carboxylation of Allenes with CO2
Authors: Brunetti Andrea , Garbini Mauro , Autuori Giuseppe , Zanardi Chiara , Bertuzzi Giulio , Bandini Marco
Published: June 2024

Leveraging electrochemistry, a new synthesis of non‐natural derivatives of itaconic acid is proposed by utilizing carbon dioxide (CO2) as a valuable C1 synthon. An electrochemical cross‐electrophile coupling between allenoates and CO2 was targeted, allowing for the synthesis of both mono‐ and di‐carboxylation products in a catalyst‐ and additive‐free environment (yields up to 87 %, 30 examples). Elaboration of the model mono‐carboxylation product, and detailed cyclovoltammetric, as well as mechanistic analyses complete the present investigation.
Borospherene in the Nanohoop: Complexation and Aromaticity of Neutral and Dioxidized Cycloparaphenylene Supramolecules with B40 and C60 Fullerenes
Authors: Lingas Rafael , Charistos Nickolas D. , Muñoz‐Castro Alvaro
Published: June 2024

Supramolecular complexes of carbon nanohoops with fullerenes play a key role for the design of novel nanomaterials with technological applications. Herein we investigate with density functional theory (DFT) methods the capability of neutral and dioxidized cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) to encapsulate all‐boron fullerene B40. Our results show that [9]CPP and [10]CPP are feasible host candidates to encapsulate B40 displaying comparable complexation energies with the all‐carbon analog [10]CPP⊃C60. Upon dioxidation the host‐guest interactions are not affected, whereas the positive charge is delocalized on the CPPs leading to global aromatic character of the hosts. Consequently, the dicationic complexes [n]CPP2+⊃B40 and [10]CPP2+⊃C60 display augmented global shielding cones that strongly shield the guests, as manifested by large upfield shifts in 11B‐NMR and 13C‐NMR signals. Hence, CPP complexes with carbon fullerenes can be extended borospherene B40 host‐guest complexes, as well as to doubly oxidized species stabilized by global host aromaticity, expanding our understanding of carbon nanohoop complexes to boron‐based fullerenes.
Chelation Protection for Zinc Anode of Aqueous Batteries
Authors: Liu Ao , Dong Xiaoyu , Liu Youfa , Peng Cong , Huang Yan
Published: June 2024

This mini‐review comprehensively outlines the latest advancements in protecting zinc anodes in zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) through chelation mechanisms. Chelation involves the coordination of ligands with Zn2+, offering promising strategies to address challenges such as dendrite formation and hydrogen evolution reactions. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and unified evaluation of chelation‘s protective effect on the zinc anode, which hinders a thorough assessment of chelation‘s effectiveness. Recent studies have demonstrated the excellent protective performance of chelation in altering solvation structures, modifying SEI structures, and selectively adsorbing species on the zinc anode. Furthermore, while chelation demonstrates significant benefits for the zinc anode, its impact on cathode materials must also be considered. Proper selection of chelation strengths and compatible cathode materials is essential for overall battery performance. Future research directions include exploring the effects of different ligands and coordination numbers on battery performance and extending chelation strategies to other secondary metal batteries. Understanding and optimizing chelation mechanisms are critical for advancing the development of high‐performance ZIBs and other metal‐ion battery technologies.
Rational Design of Transition‐Metal‐Based Catalysts for the Electrochemical 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Reduction Reaction
Authors: Li Siqi , Kan Ziwang , Bai Jiaxiao , Ma Ang , Lu Jing , Liu Song
Published: June 2024

The electrochemical reduction reaction (HMFRR) of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has emerged as a promising avenue for the utilization and refinement of the biomass‐derived platform molecule HMF into high‐value chemicals, addressing energy sustainability challenges. Transition metal electrocatalysts (TMCs) have recently garnered attention as promising candidates for catalyzing HMFRR, capitalizing on the presence of vacant d orbitals and unpaired d electrons. TMCs play a pivotal role in facilitating the generation of intermediates through interactions with HMF, thereby lowering the activation energy of intricate reactions and significantly augmenting the catalytic reaction rate. In the absence of comprehensive and guiding reviews in this domain, this paper aims to comprehensively summarize the key advancements in the design of transition metal catalysts for HMFRR. It elucidates the mechanisms and pH dependency of various products generated during the electrochemical reduction of HMF, with a specific emphasis on the bond‐cleavage angle. Additionally, it offers a detailed introduction to typical in‐situ characterization techniques. Finally, the review explores engineering strategies and principles to enhance HMFRR activity using TMCs, particularly focusing on multiphase interface control, crystal face control, and defect engineering control. This review introduces novel concepts to guide the design of HMFRR electrocatalysts, especially TMCs, thus promoting advancements in biomass conversion.
Gen Z chooses trade schools over traditional colleges
Authors: Hodges Dawn Z.
Published: June 2024

Over the past several months, there has been a lot in the news about students from Generation Z (1997–2012) choosing to attend “trade” schools over more traditional colleges. Those of us who work in the trade schools don’t call them that. The Technical College System of Georgia is, I suppose, what others might call a trade school. The colleges in the system offer such programs as welding, automotive maintenance and repair, plumbing, construction, industrial systems maintenance, electrical lineman, and aviation maintenance, among many others.
A straightforward protocol to sample morphological traits of dragonflies and damselflies in the field
Authors: Novella Fernandez Roberto
Published: June 2024

Scarcity of morphological data limits the potential of functional ecology approaches, which rely on traits to elucidate ecological processes. Dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) are a frequently used ecological model for which, however, only limited morphological data is available. Here, it is presented a field sampling protocol to collect ecologically relevant yet largely unavailable morphological traits of Odonata. The protocol enables the straightforward collection of traits from living individuals directly in the field. Those traits include body mass, wing area and wing loading as well as thorax width, hindwing length and body length. Furthermore, the protocol allows for posterior wing morphometric analyses. The protocol proved to be robust and universally applicable based on testing on roughly half (76) of all European odonate species. The use of this protocol can increase our understanding of odonatan morphology at interspecific and intraspecific levels and assist in developing mechanistic understanding of their ecology.