bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of miRNAs and PHAS loci related to the early development of the embryo and endosperm in Fragaria × ananassa
Authors: Jing Xiaotong , Zhang Hong , Huai Xinjia , An Qi , Qiao Yushan
Published: September 2022

Background

The strawberry fleshy fruit is actually enlarged receptacle tissue, and the successful development of the embryo and endosperm is essential for receptacle fruit set. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) play indispensable regulatory roles in plant growth and development. However, miRNAs and phasiRNAs participating in the regulation of strawberry embryo and endosperm development have yet to be explored.

Results

Here, we performed genome-wide identification of miRNA and phasiRNA-producing loci (PHAS) in strawberry seeds with a focus on those involved in the development of the early embryo and endosperm. We found that embryos and endosperm have different levels of small RNAs. After bioinformatics analysis, the results showed that a total of 404 miRNAs (352 known and 52 novel) and 156 PHAS genes (81 21-nt and 75 24-nt genes) could be found in strawberry seed-related tissues, of which four and nine conserved miRNA families displayed conserved expression in the endosperm and embryo, respectively. Based on refined putative annotation of PHAS loci, some auxin signal-related genes, such as CM3, TAR2, AFB2, ASA1, NAC and TAS3, were found, which demonstrates that IAA biosynthesis is important for endosperm and embryo development during early fruit growth. Additionally, some auxin signal-related conserved (miR390-TAS3) and novel (miR156-ASA1) trigger-PHAS pairs were identified.

Conclusions

Taken together, these results expand our understanding of sRNAs in strawberry embryo and endosperm development and provide a genomic resource for early-stage fruit development.
Caregiver perceptions of in-home COVID-19 testing for children with medical complexity: a qualitative study
Authors: Jolliff Anna , Werner Nicole E. , Barton Hanna J. , Howell Kristina Devi , Kelly Michelle M. , Morgen Makenzie , Ehlenbach Mary , Warner Gemma , Katz Barbara , Kieren Madeline , DeMuri Gregory , Coller Ryan J.
Published: September 2022

Background

In-home direct antigen rapid testing (DART) plays a major role in COVID-19 mitigation and policy. However, perceptions of DART within high-risk, intellectually impaired child populations are unknown. This lack of research could negatively influence DART uptake and utility among those who stand to benefit most from DART. The purpose of this study was to describe caregivers’ perceptions of an in-home COVID-19 DART regimen in children with medical complexity, including the benefits and limitations of DART use.

Methods

This qualitative study was a subproject of the NIH Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics Underserved Populations research program at the University of Wisconsin. We combined survey data and the thematic analysis of semi-structured interview data to understand caregivers’ perceptions of in-home COVID-19 testing and motivators to perform testing. Caregivers of children with medical complexity were recruited from the Pediatric Complex Care Program at the University of Wisconsin (PCCP). Data were collected between May and August 2021.

Results

Amongn = 20 caregivers, 16/20 (80%) of their children had neurologic conditions and 12/20 (60%) used home oxygen. Survey data revealed that the largest caregiver motivators to test their child were to get early treatment if positive (18/20 [90%] of respondents agreed) and to let the child’s school know if the child was safe to attend (17/20 [85%] agreed). Demotivators to testing included that the child could still get COVID-19 later (7/20 [35%] agreed), and the need for officials to reach out to close contacts (6/20 [30%] agreed). From interview data, four overarching themes described perceptions of in-home COVID-19 testing: Caregivers perceived DART on a spectrum of 1) benign to traumatic and 2) simple to complex. Caregivers varied in the 3) extent to which DART contributed to their peace of mind and 4) implications of test results for their child.

Conclusions

Although participants often described DART as easy to administer and contributing to peace of mind, they also faced critical challenges and limitations using DART. Future research should investigate how to minimize the complexity of DART within high-risk populations, while leveraging DART to facilitate safe school attendance for children with medical complexity and reduce caregiver burden.
Advantages and challenges of fostering cognitive integration through virtual collaborative learning: a qualitative study
Authors: Ignacio Jeanette , Chen Hui-Chen , Roy Tanushri
Published: September 2022

Background

The drastic shift from face-to-face classes to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic has enabled educators to ensure the continuity of learning for health professions students in higher education. Collaborative learning, a pedagogy used to facilitate knowledge integration by helping students translate theory from basic sciences to clinical application and practice, has thus been transformed from a face-to-face to a virtual strategy to achieve the learning objectives of a multi-disciplinary and integrated module.

Objectives

This study aimed to describe and evaluate, through focus group discussions, a virtual collaborative learning activity implemented to assist first year undergraduate nursing students to develop cognitive integration in a module consisting of pathophysiology, pharmacology, and nursing practice.

Methods

Fourteen first year undergraduate students and four faculty involved in facilitating the virtual collaboration participated in the study. Focus group discussions were conducted to elicit the perceptions of students and staff on the virtual collaborative learning session conducted at the end of the semester.

Results

Three themes were generated from the thematic analysis of the students’ focus group scripts. These were: (1) achieving engagement and interaction, (2) supporting the collaborative process, and (3) considering practical nuances. The three themes were further subdivided into subthemes to highlight noteworthy elements captured during focus group discussions. Three themes also emerged from the focus group discussion scripts of faculty participants: (1) learning to effectively manage, (2) facing engagement constraints, and (3) achieving integration. These themes were further sectioned into salient subthemes.

Conclusion

The virtual collaborative learning pedagogy is valuable in fostering cognitive integration. However, meticulous planning considering various variables prior to implementation is needed. With better planning directed at addressing the learners’ needs and the faculty’s capabilities and readiness for online learning pedagogies, and with a strong institutional support to help mitigate the identified constraints of virtual collaborative learning, students and faculty will benefit.
Do patients’ preferences prevail in hospital selection?: a comparison between discrete choice experiments and revealed hospital choice
Authors: Salampessy Benjamin H. , Ikkersheim David , Portrait France R. M. , Koolman Xander
Published: September 2022

Background

In patient choice, patients are expected to select the provider that best fits their preferences. In this study, we assess to what extent the hospital choice of patients in practice corresponds with their preferred choice.

Methods

Dutch patients with breast cancer (n = 631) and cataract (n = 1109) were recruited. We employed a discrete choice experiment (DCE) per condition to measure stated preferences and predict the distribution of patients across four hospitals. Each DCE included five attributes: patient experiences, a clinical outcome indicator, waiting time, travel distance and whether the hospital had been recommended (e.g., by the General Practitioner (GP)). Revealed choices were derived from claims data.

Results

Hospital quality was valued as most important in the DCE; the largest marginal rates of substitution (willingness to wait) were observed for the clinical outcome indicator (breast cancer: 38.6 days (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 32.9–44.2); cataract: 210.5 days (95%CI: 140.8–280.2)). In practice, it was of lesser importance. In revealed choices, travel distance became the most important attribute; it accounted for 85.5% (breast cancer) and 95.5% (cataract) of the log-likelihood. The predicted distribution of patients differed from that observed in practice in terms of absolute value and, for breast cancer, also in relative order. Similar results were observed in population weighted analyses.

Discussion

Study findings show that patients highly valued quality information in the choice for a hospital. However, in practice these preferences did not prevail. Our findings suggest that GPs played a major role and that patients mostly ended up selecting the nearest hospital.
Social service providers’ perspectives on caring for structurally vulnerable hospital patients who use drugs: a qualitative study
Authors: Gehring Nicole D. , Speed Kelsey A. , Dong Kathryn , Pauly Bernie , Salvalaggio Ginetta , Hyshka Elaine
Published: September 2022

Background

People who use drugs and are structurally vulnerable (e.g., experiencing unstable and/or lack of housing) frequently access acute care. However, acute care systems and providers may not be able to effectively address social needs during hospitalization. Our objectives were to: 1) explore social service providers’ perspectives on addressing social needs for this patient population; and 2) identify what possible strategies social service providers suggest for improving patient care.

Methods

We completed 18 semi-structured interviews with social service providers (e.g., social workers, transition coordinators, peer support workers) at a large, urban acute care hospital in Western Canada between August 8, 2018 and January 24, 2019. Interviews explored staff experiences providing social services to structurally vulnerable patients who use drugs, as well as continuity between hospital and community social services. We conducted latent content analysis and organized our findings in relation to the socioecological model.

Results

Tensions emerged on how participants viewed patient-level barriers to addressing social needs. Some providers blamed poor outcomes on perceived patient deficits, while others emphasized structural factors that impede patients’ ability to secure social services. Within the hospital, some participants felt that acute care was not an appropriate location to address social needs, but most felt that hospitalization affords a unique opportunity to build relationships with structurally vulnerable patients. Participants described how a lack of housing and financial supports for people who use drugs in the community limited successful social service provision in acute care. They identified potential policy solutions, such as establishing housing supports that concurrently address medical, income, and substance use needs.

Conclusions

Broad policy changes are required to improve care for structurally vulnerable patients who use drugs, including: 1) ending acute care’s ambivalence towards social services; 2) addressing multi-level gaps in housing and financial support; 3) implementing hospital-based Housing First teams; and, 4) offering sub-acute care with integrated substance use management.
Rapid detection of bovine rotavirus a by isothermal reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification assays
Authors: Liu Yuelin , Liu Libing , Wang Jinfeng , Sun Xiaoxia , Gao Yaxin , Yuan Wanzhe , Wang Jianchang , Li Ruiwen
Published: September 2022

Background

Bovine rotavirus A (BRVA) is considered to be the most common pathogen of severe diarrhea in cattle worldwide, which could lead to the death of newborn calves and cause the significant economic losses to the cattle industry. As a novel isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) has been applied widely for the rapid detection of different important pathogens in human and animals.

Results

An RT-RPA assay based on the real time fluorescence monitoring (real-time RT-RPA) and an RT-RPA assay combined with a lateral flow strip (LFS RT-RPA) were successfully developed by targeting the VP6 gene of BRVA. The RT-RPA assays allowed the exponential amplification of the target fragment in 20 min. After incubation of the LFS RT-RPA on a metal bath at 40 °C, the results were displayed on the lateral flow strip within 5 min, while real-time RT-RPA allowed the real-time observation of the results in Genie III at 42 °C. Both of the two assays showed high specificity for BRVA without any cross-reaction with the other tested pathogens causing diarrhea in cattle. With the standard RNA of BRVA serving as a template, the limit of detection for real-time RT-RPA and LFS RT-RPA were 1.4 × 102 copies per reaction and 1.4 × 101 copies per reaction, respectively. In the 134 fecal samples collected from cattle with diarrhea, the BRVA positive rate were 45.52% (61/134) and 46.27% (62/134) in real-time RT-RPA and LFS RT-RPA, respectively. Compared to a previously published real-time PCR, the real-time RT-RPA and LFS RT-RPA showed a diagnostic specificity of 100%, diagnostic sensitivity of 98.39% and 100%, and a kappa coefficient of 0.985 and 1.0, respectively.

Conclusions

In this study, BRVA was successfully detected in cattle fecal samples by the developed real-time RT-RPA and LFS RT-RPA assays. The developed RT-RPA assays had great potential for the rapid detection of BRVA in under-equipped diagnostic laboratory and the point-of-need diagnosis at quarantine stations and farms, which is of great importance to control BRVA-associated diarrhea in cattle herds.
The regulatory role of AP-2β in monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems: insights on its signalling pathway, linked disorders and theragnostic potential
Authors: Al-Sabri Mohamed H. , Nikpour Maryam , Clemensson Laura E. , Attwood Misty M. , Williams Michael J. , Rask-Anderson Mathias , Mwinyi Jessica , Schiöth Helgi B.
Published: September 2022

Monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems play a central role in neuronal function and behaviour. Dysregulation of these systems gives rise to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders with high prevalence and societal burden, collectively termed monoamine neurotransmitter disorders (MNDs). Despite extensive research, the transcriptional regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems is not fully explored. Interestingly, certain drugs that act on these systems have been shown to modulate central levels of the transcription factor AP-2 beta (AP-2β, gene: TFAP2Β). AP-2β regulates multiple key genes within these systems and thereby its levels correlate with monoamine neurotransmitters measures; yet, its signalling pathways are not well understood. Moreover, although dysregulation of TFAP2Β has been associated with MNDs, the underlying mechanisms for these associations remain elusive. In this context, this review addresses AP-2β, considering its basic structural aspects, regulation and signalling pathways in the controlling of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems, and possible mechanisms underpinning associated MNDS. It also underscores the significance of AP-2β as a potential diagnostic biomarker and its potential and limitations as a therapeutic target for specific MNDs as well as possible pharmaceutical interventions for targeting it. In essence, this review emphasizes the role of AP-2β as a key regulator of the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems and its importance for understanding the pathogenesis and improving the management of MNDs.
Carbon emissions versus value-added in export-driven countries: case of Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Thao
Published: September 2022

Manufacturing for export is gradually becoming the main pillar of economic growth in many developing countries, including Vietnam. Since 1986, Vietnam has adopted an open economic policy and promoted trade activities. Therefore, Vietnam’s exports have significantly increased and contributed to economic development. The benefits of exports are undeniable, but Vietnam also faces serious environmental problems caused by these activities. This paper analyzes the impact of Vietnam’s export activities on economics and the environment through comparison between carbon emissions and value-added embodied in exports using an input–output model, then provides some recommendations to adjust Vietnam's export strategy in the future. The main findings indicate that carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) embodied in exports have increased from 2006 to 2015. The carbon intensity of exports increases, while the value-added intensity decreases. As compared with production for the domestic market, production for domestic demand creates faster value-added and slower carbon emissions than production for exports. This study suggests that Vietnam should reform its export structure alongside technological improvements and other policy adjustments to curb Vietnam’s growing CO2 emissions.
Construction of the coexpression network involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease via bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Hu Jinxing , Zhou Shan , Guo Weiying
Published: September 2022

Background

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is the most common orbital pathology that occurs in up to 50% of patients with Graves’ disease. Herein, we aimed at discovering the possible hub genes and pathways involved in TED based on bioinformatical approaches.

Results

The GSE105149 and GSE58331 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and merged for identifying TED-associated modules by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and local maximal quasi-clique merger (lmQCM) analysis. EdgeR was run to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Transcription factor (TF), microRNA (miR) and drug prediction analyses were performed using ToppGene suite. Function enrichment analysis was used to investigate the biological function of genes. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis was performed based on the intersection between the list of genes obtained by WGCNA, lmQCM and DEGs, and hub genes were identified using the MCODE plugin. Based on the overlap of 497 genes retrieved from the different approaches, a robust TED coexpression network was constructed and 11 genes (ATP6V1A, PTGES3, PSMD12, PSMA4, METAP2, DNAJA1, PSMA1, UBQLN1, CCT2, VBP1 and NAA50) were identified as hub genes. Key TFs regulating genes in the TED-associated coexpression network, including NFRKB, ZNF711, ZNF407 and MORC2, and miRs including hsa-miR-144, hsa-miR-3662, hsa-miR-12136 and hsa-miR-3646, were identified. Genes in the coexpression network were enriched in the biological processes including proteasomal protein catabolic process and proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process and the pathways of endocytosis and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Drugs perturbing genes in the coexpression network were also predicted and included enzyme inhibitors, chlorodiphenyl and finasteride.

Conclusions

For the first time, TED-associated coexpression network was constructed and key genes and their functions, as well as TFs, miRs and drugs, were predicted. The results of the present work may be relevant in the treatment and diagnosis of TED and may boost molecular studies regarding TED.
Load forecasting for energy communities: a novel LSTM-XGBoost hybrid model based on smart meter data
Authors: Semmelmann Leo , Henni Sarah , Weinhardt Christof
Published: September 2022

Accurate day-ahead load forecasting is an important task in smart energy communities, as it enables improved energy management and operation of flexibilities. Smart meter data from individual households within the communities can be used to improve such forecasts. In this study, we introduce a novel hybrid bi-directional LSTM-XGBoost model for energy community load forecasting that separately forecasts the general load pattern and peak loads, which are later combined to a holistic forecasting model. The hybrid model outperforms traditional energy community load forecasting based on standard load profiles as well as LSTM-based forecasts. Furthermore, we show that the accuracy of energy community day-ahead forecasts can be significantly improved by using smart meter data as additional input features.
Role of Excessive Weight Gain During Gestation in the Risk of ADHD in Offspring of Women With Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Perea Verónica , Simó-Servat Andreu , Quirós Carmen , Alonso-Carril Nuria , Valverde Maite , Urquizu Xavier , Amor Antonio J , López Eva , Barahona Maria-José
Published: September 2022

Context

Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal obesity, excessive weight gain (EWG) during pregnancy has scarcely been evaluated.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the joint effect of maternal weight and EWG on the risk of ADHD in offspring of GDM pregnancies.

Methods

In this cohort study of singleton births >22 weeks of gestation of women with GDM between 1991 and 2008, gestational weight gain above the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) recommendations was classified into EWG. Cox-regression models estimated the effect of maternal pregestational weight and EWG on the risk of ADHD (identified from medical records), adjusted for pregnancy outcomes and GDM-related variables.

Results

Of 1036 children who were included, with a median follow-up of 17.7 years, 135 (13%) were diagnosed with ADHD. ADHD rates according to pregestational maternal weight were 1/14 (7.1%) for underweight, 62/546 (11.4%) for normal weight, 40/281 (14.2%) for overweight, and 32/195 (16.4%) for obesity. Only maternal obesity was independently associated with ADHD (HRadjusted 1.66 [95% CI, 1.07-2.60]), but not maternal overweight or EWG. On evaluating the joint contribution of maternal weight and EWG, maternal obesity with EWG was associated with the highest risk of ADHD (vs normal weight without EWG; HRadjusted 2.13 [95% CI, 1.14-4.01]). Pregestational obesity without EWG was no longer associated (HRadjusted 1.36 [95% CI, 0.78-2.36]).

Conclusion

Among GDM pregnancies, pregestational obesity was associated with a higher risk of ADHD in offspring. Nonetheless, when gestational weight gain was taken into account, only the joint association of obesity and EWG remained significant.
Circulating Dickkopf1 Parallels Metabolic Adaptations and Predicts Disease Trajectories in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Jaschke Nikolai P , Funk Alexander M , Jonas Sophie , Riffel Romy M , Sinha Anupam , Wang Andrew , Pählig Sophie , Hofmann Maura , Altmann Heidi , Von Bonin Simone , Koch Thea , Spieth Peter , Tausche Kristin , Akgün Katja , Rauner Martina , Kronstein-Wiedemann Romy , Odendahl Marcus , Tonn Torsten , Göbel Andy , Hofbauer Lorenz C , Rachner Tilman D
Published: September 2022

Context and aims

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) trajectories show high interindividual variability, ranging from asymptomatic manifestations to fatal outcomes, the latter of which may be fueled by immunometabolic maladaptation of the host. Reliable identification of patients who are at risk of severe disease remains challenging. We hypothesized that serum concentrations of Dickkopf1 (DKK1) indicate disease outcomes in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected individuals.

Methods

We recruited hospitalized patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and included 80 individuals for whom blood samples from 2 independent time points were available. DKK1 serum concentrations were measured by ELISA in paired samples. Clinical data were extracted from patient charts and correlated with DKK1 levels. Publicly available datasets were screened for changes in cellular DKK1 expression on SARS-CoV-2 infection. Plasma metabolites were profiled by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in an unbiased fashion and correlated with DKK1 data. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis were used to investigate the prognostic value of DKK1 levels in the context of COVID-19.

Results

We report that serum levels of DKK1 predict disease outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Circulating DKK1 concentrations are characterized by high interindividual variability and change as a function of time during SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is linked to platelet counts. We further find that the metabolic signature associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection resembles fasting metabolism and is mirrored by circulating DKK1 abundance. Patients with low DKK1 levels are twice as likely to die from COVID-19 than those with high levels, and DKK1 predicts mortality independent of markers of inflammation, renal function, and platelet numbers.

Conclusion

Our study suggests a potential clinical use of circulating DKK1 as a predictor of disease outcomes in patients with COVID-19. These results require validation in additional cohorts.
The High Relevance of 21-Deoxycortisol, (Androstenedione + 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone)/Cortisol, and 11-Deoxycortisol/17α-Hydroxyprogesterone for Newborn Screening of 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Authors: Watanabe Kazuhiro , Tsuji-Hosokawa Atsumi , Hashimoto Atsuko , Konishi Kaoru , Ishige Nobuyuki , Yajima Harumi , Sutani Akito , Nakatani Hisae , Gau Maki , Takasawa Kei , Tajima Toshihiro , Hasegawa Tomonobu , Morio Tomohiro , Kashimada Kenichi
Published: September 2022

Context

There are limited reports on the detailed examination of steroid profiles for setting algorithms for 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) screening by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Objective

We aimed to define an algorithm for newborn screening of 21OHD by LC-MS/MS, measuring a total of 2077 dried blood spot samples in Tokyo.

Methods

Five steroids (17α-hydroxyprogesterone [17αOHP], 21-deoxycortisol [21DOF], 11-deoxycortisol [11DOF], androstenedione [4AD], and cortisol [F]) were included in the panel of LC-MS/MS. Samples from 2 cohorts were assayed: Cohort A, 63 “screening positive” neonates who were referred to an endocrinologist (n = 26 with 21OHD; n = 37 false-positive; obtained from 2015 to 2020); and Cohort B, samples (n = 2014) with 17αOHP values in the 97th percentile or above, in the first-tier test with 17αOHP ELISA from 2020 to 2021.

Results

Analysis of Cohort A revealed that the 3 indexes 21DOF, 11DOF/17αOHP, and (4AD + 17αOHP)/F had higher area under the curve (AUC) values (0.999, 0.997, 0.989, respectively), while the 17αOHP AUC was lower (0.970). Accordingly, in addition to 17αOHP, the 3 markers were included for defining the screening algorithm. The assay of Cohort B revealed that the new algorithm gave 92% of predicted positive predictive value without false-negative cases. We also determined the reference values for the 5 steroids at 4 to 7 days after birth, according to sex and gestational age (GA), revealing extremely low levels of 21DOF at any GA irrespective of sex differences.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated the high relevance of 21DOF, (4AD + 17αOHP)/F, and 11DOF/17αOHP, rather than 17αOHP, for 21OHD screening.
Variety and Quantity of Dietary-Insoluble Fiber Intake From Different Sources and Risk of New-Onset Diabetes
Authors: Yang Sisi , Liu Chengzhang , Ye Ziliang , Zhou Chun , Liu Mengyi , Zhang Yanjun , Wu Qimeng , Zhang Zhuxian , He Panpan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Huan , Qin Xianhui
Published: September 2022

Context

The relationship between the variety and quantity of different sources of dietary-insoluble fiber intake and diabetes remain uncertain.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the associations between the variety and quantity of insoluble fiber intake from 6 major food sources and new-onset diabetes, using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS).

Methods

A total of 16 272 participants without diabetes at baseline from CHNS were included. Dietary intake was measured by 3 consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. Energy-adjusted dietary intake was used in analyses. The variety score of insoluble-fiber sources was defined as the number of specific-sourced insoluble fiber consumed at the appropriate level, accounting for both types and quantity of insoluble fiber. Participants with self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes, or fasting glucose greater than or equal to 7.0 mmol/L or glycated hemoglobin A1c greater than or equal to 6.5% during follow-up were defined as having new-onset diabetes.

Results

During a median follow-up of 9.0 years, 1101 participants developed new-onset diabetes. There were U-shaped associations for energy-adjusted dietary intake of total insoluble fiber, and energy-adjusted insoluble fiber derived from refined and whole grains; and L-shaped associations for energy-adjusted insoluble fiber derived from vegetables, legumes, fruits, and tubers with new-onset diabetes (all P for nonlinearity < .001). Moreover, a higher variety score of insoluble fiber sources was significantly associated with a lower risk of new-onset diabetes (per 1-score increment, hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.58-0.65).

Conclusion

There was an inverse association between the variety of insoluble fiber with appropriate quantity from different food sources and new-onset diabetes.
HeartCV: a tool for transferrable, automated measurement of heart rate and heart rate variability in transparent animals
Authors: Ibbini Ziad , Spicer John I. , Truebano Manuela , Bishop John , Tills Oliver
Published: September 2022

Heart function is a key component of whole-organismal physiology. Bioimaging is commonly, but not exclusively, used for quantifying heart function in transparent individuals, including early developmental stages of aquatic animals, many of which are transparent. However, a central limitation of many imaging-related methods is the lack of transferability between species, life-history stages and experimental approaches. Furthermore, locating the heart in mobile individuals remains challenging. Here, we present HeartCV: an open-source Python package for automated measurement of heart rate and heart rate variability that integrates automated localization and is transferrable across a wide range of species. We demonstrate the efficacy of HeartCV by comparing its outputs with measurements made manually for a number of very different species with contrasting heart morphologies. Lastly, we demonstrate the applicability of the software to different experimental approaches and to different dataset types, such as those corresponding to longitudinal studies.
Η τέχνη του να γράφεις την ιστορία
Authors: Lagny Michele , Φλιτούρης Λάμπρος
Published: September 2022

To 1971 o Paul Veyne με το Comment on écrit l’histoire. Το 1973 ο Resnais με το Σταβίσκι. Το 1975 ο Michel deCerteau με το L’Écriture de l’histoire. Το 1977 ο Chris Marker με το Βάθος του ουρανού είναι κόκκινο. Ιστορία και κινηματογράφος κατά τη διάρκεια της δεκαετίας του 1970. Όχι όμως οποιαδήποτε ιστορία ούτε οποιοσδήποτε κινηματογράφος. Είναι εκείνα που δημιουργούνται σε μια ταραχώδη περίοδο, όταν η γραφή τόσο της μιας όσο και της άλλης αναζητούν νέες φόρμες. Είναι επίσης η στιγμή που συναντώ τον Eisenstein («“Οκτώβρης” τι ιστορία;», 1976).
«Άραγε θα μας ξεχάσουν;» Φιλμική αφήγηση, λογοτεχνικές αναπαραστάσεις και πολιτισμική μνήμη στο Τελευταίο σημείωμα του Παντελή Βούλγαρη
Authors: Κώστα Βασιλική
Published: September 2022

Η ταινία του Παντελή Βούλγαρη, Το Τελευταίο σημείωμα (2017), εντάσσεται σε μια γενεαλογία κινηματογραφικών ταινιών γύρω από την Κατοχή και την Αντίσταση. Ήδη πριν από την προβολή της ξεκίνησε μία δημόσια συζήτηση γύρω από τη μυθοπλαστική χρήση των ιστορικών τεκμηρίων της εποχής, με ειδική αναφορά στη ναζιστική ανακοίνωση της εκτέλεσης των 200 κρατουμένων από το στρατόπεδο Χαϊδαρίου την Πρωτομαγιά του 1944. Η κριτική που ασκήθηκε στην ταινία επικεντρώθηκε στην αποσιώπηση της πολιτικής ταυτότητας των κρατουμένων και στην ενδεχόμενη καλλιτεχνική λογοκρισία της ταινίας μέσω της παραγωγής της. Με κύριο άξονα το πορτραίτο του κεντρικού ήρωα, Ναπολέοντα Σουκατζίδη, στη μελέτη μου πρόκειται να εξετάσω τα πολύπλοκα όρια μεταξύ της ρεαλιστικής αναπαράστασης και της κινηματογραφικής μυθοπλασίας, όπως αυτά διαμορφώνονται μέσα στο υβριδικό είδος του τεκμηριωτικού δράματος (docudrama). Με αφορμή μάλιστα τις ιστορικές και λογοτεχνικές πηγές πάνω στις οποίες βασίστηκε το σενάριο της ταινίας, θα επιχειρήσω να αναλύσω τις σύνθετες διαδρομές αυτού του αρχείου, αλλά και τη σημασία του για τη συγκρότηση της σύγχρονης πολιτισμικής μνήμης της Αντίστασης.
Ο Άνθρωπος του τρένου, των Ντίνου Δημόπουλου και Γιάννη Μαρή: ιστορία, τραύμα και αφήγηση σε ένα μεταπολεμικό φιλμ νουάρ
Authors: Πούπου Άννα
Published: September 2022

Ο Άνθρωπος του τρένου (Ντίνος Δημόπουλος 1958) σε σενάριο του Γιάννη Μαρή έχει θεωρηθεί ως ένα από τα καλύτερα ελληνικά φιλμ νουάρ με στοιχεία ψυχολογικού θρίλερ και έμφαση στη γυναικεία οπτική. Καθώς μεγάλο μέρος της ταινίας διαδραματίζεται στην περίοδο της κατοχής, θίγει την προβληματική της λήθης, της απωθημένης ανάμνησης και της επιβεβλημένης συναίνεσης, ενώ μπορεί να ερμηνευτεί ως μια από τις καλύτερες αλληγορίες του παλιού ελληνικού κινηματογράφου οι οποίες πραγματεύτηκαν το τραύμα και την αποσιώπηση της Αντίστασης και του Εμφυλίου. Με σημείο εκκίνησης την γενικότερη θεώρηση των κινηματογραφικών ειδών εγκλήματος και μυστηρίου ως έκφραση των ιστορικών και κοινωνικοπολιτικών ανησυχιών μέσα στις οποίες παράχθηκαν και καταναλώθηκαν, το κείμενο θα εξετάσει τις αφηγήσεις της βιωμένης ιστορικής εμπειρίας σε σχέση με την εποχή του, το θέμα της επιστροφής στην περίοδο της κατοχής ως μοτίβο στα σενάρια του Γιάννη Μαρή, τη μεταφορά των συμβάσεων του θρίλερ σε ελληνικούς «τόπους μνήμης» που προκαλούν δέος και εγείρουν ζητήματα πολιτισμικής μνήμης, και θα συσχετίσει την ταινία με αντίστοιχα παραδείγματα του ευρωπαϊκού μεταπολεμικού κινηματογράφου.
Στοργή στον λαό: Ο παραλογισμός και η γελοιότητα της χουντικής λογοκρισίας
Authors: Δουβλής Βασίλης
Published: September 2022

Η Στοργή στον Λαό είναι ένα ντοκιμαντέρ με θέμα τη λογοκρισία στον κινηματογράφο την περίοδο της δικτατορίας, εσωτερική παραγωγή του τηλεοπτικού σταθμού της Βουλής. Γιατί, όμως, μια ταινία για τη λογοκρισία της Χούντας σήμερα; Όλα ξεκίνησαν, όταν πριν από μερικά χρόνια έμαθα, εντελώς τυχαία, ότι το αρχείο της λογοκρισίας της δικτατορίας είχε σωθεί. Τουλάχιστον ένα μέρος του. Η ιδέα της δημιουργίας ενός ντοκιμαντέρ που δεν θα βασιζόταν μόνο στις μαρτυρίες των σκηνοθετών που έζησαν στο πετσί τους τη λογοκρισία των συνταγματαρχών, αλλά και στο άγνωστο μέχρι τώρα αρχείο της Χούντας μου φάνηκε δελεαστική. Έτσι ξεκίνησε η περιπέτεια της ταινίας.
Depressive symptoms and their sociodemographic determinants among people living with HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rabeya Rokshana , Alam Nur , Sonia Zannatul Ferdous , Mohajon Dipa Rani , Arafat Yasin , Hasan Md. Kamrul , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain
Published: September 2022

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh.  

Methods: This cross-sectional study, which took place in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July to December 2020, included 338 HIV-positive people. The method used was a simple random sampling technique. The Beck Depression Inventory assessed depression in HIV-positive people (BDI). 

Results: More than 62 percent of the 338 people surveyed had severe depression, 30.5 percent had moderate depression, 5.6 percent had mild depression, and 1.8 percent had no depression at all. Age, being a man, being married, and having a low monthly income were all significant predictors of depression. 

Conclusions: This study found that depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among HIV-positive patients in Bangladesh. The authors recommend that health care providers address depressive disorders for people with HIV/ AIDS comprehensively.
Submicron 3-D mass spectrometry imaging reveals an asymmetric molecular distribution on chemotaxing cells
Authors: Castellanos Anthony , Gomer Richard H , Fernandez-Lima Francisco
Published: September 2022

Background: Dictyostelium discoideum is a ~10 µm diameter unicellular eukaryote that lives on soil surfaces. When starved, D. discoideum cells aggregate into streams of cells in a process called chemotaxis. In this report, we studied D. discoideum cells during chemotaxis using 3D - mass spectrometry imaging (3D-MSI).

Methods: The 3D-MSI consisted of the sequential generation of 2D molecular maps using burst alignment coupled to delayed extraction time-of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) combined with a soft sputtering beam to access the different layers.

Results: Molecular maps with sub-cellular high spatial resolution (~300 nm) indicated the presence of ions at m/z = 221 and 236 at the front and sides, but reduced levels at the back, of cells moving toward of aggregation streams. The 3D-MSI also detected an ion at m/z = 240 at the edges and back, but reduced levels at the front, of aggregating cells. Other ions showed an even distribution across the cells.

Conclusions: Together, these results demonstrate the utility of sub-micron MSI to study eukaryotic chemotaxis.
Genetics and functional significance of the understudied methamphetamine sensitive circadian oscillator (MASCO)
Authors: Taufique S K Tahajjul , Ehichioya David E , Pendergast Julie S , Yamazaki Shin
Published: September 2022

The last 50 years have witnessed extraordinary discoveries in the field of circadian rhythms. However, there are still several mysteries that remain. One of these chronobiological mysteries is the circadian rhythm that is revealed by administration of stimulant drugs to rodents. Herein we describe the discovery of this circadian rhythm and its underlying oscillator, which is frequently called the methamphetamine-sensitive circadian oscillator, or MASCO. This oscillator is distinct from canonical circadian oscillators because it controls robust activity rhythms independently of the suprachiasmatic nucleus and canonical circadian genes are not essential for its timekeeping. We discuss these fundamental properties of MASCO and synthesize studies of strain, sex, and circadian gene mutations on MASCO. The anatomical loci of MASCO are not known, so it has not been possible thus far to discover its novel molecular timekeeping mechanism or its functional significance. However, studies in mutant mice suggest that genetic approaches can be used to identify the neural network involved in the rhythm generation of MASCO. We also discuss parallels between human and rodent studies that support our working hypothesis that a function of MASCO may be to regulate sleep-wake cycles.
Comparison of intravascular and surgical treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms: A literature review
Authors: Bartoszewicz Jakub , Gorajek Anna , Kudan Małgorzata , Osiejewska Aleksandra , Grądzik Anna , Mikut Karolina , Wojtachnio Dominika , Nowakowska Izabela
Published: September 2022

Introduction and purpose: Ruptured intracranial aneurysm causes a life-threatening subarachnoid hemorrhage, which is characterized by a high percentage of disability and mortality. As of today, we have two main treatments for this condition: microsurgical clipping and endovascular coil embolization. The aim of the study was to evaluate both treatment modalities, assess their limitations and compare them in terms of mortality, postoperative condition/complications and long-term patient’s condition
Materials and methods: This study was based on the analysis of medical databases’ analysis.
Results: Four randomized controlled trials, one guideline and one meta-analysis were reviewed. The results did not significantly differ between the studies. They proved that endovascular coiling technique showed fewer poor outcomes, deaths or dependency, one year after the treatment. These differences decreased in the following years. The microsurgical clipping was more effective at total obliteration of the aneurysm but was not related to better quality of life for those patients. Both techniques also did not differ in terms of the patients’ distant long-term neuropsychological state.
Conclusion: Endovascular coiling embolization is still a rapidly developing technique that may be the main treatment modality in the future. However, at this point, both treatments have advantages and limitations. It is crucial to assess every patient individually.
El amor mundi de Hannah Arendt como fundamento de su idea de la política.
Authors: Grijalba Uche Miguel
Published: September 2022

Las reflexiones de Hannah Arendt sobre el amor y su vinculación con su teoría política han sido frecuentemente minusvaloradas y mantenidas al margen. A lo largo de su obra Arendt elabora un compendio de tipos de amor para concluir en el amor mundi que engloba a todas las otras formas. Forja una teoría política en donde la pluralidad es la base de la condición política natural del hombre. No hay frontera entre amor y política sino diferencia de grado en el continuo. Lo que denomina amistad cívica puede ocuparse del mundo común haciendo de puente entre amor y política. Lo político es la apuesta por lo otro, un mundo común y público donde alteridad y temporalidad son indisociables. Para Arendt supone formar una comunidad política apelando a la comunicación. Se debe repensar, de nuevo, la política como relación de respeto, amistad y acción en la pluralidad porque esta amistad cívica supone un diálogo entre amigos que tienen algo en común. La política nace “entre” los hombres reivindicando esa pluralidad y se vincula con la isegoría y con la amistad.
Enseñar ese amor al mundo que es el amor a lo común. Entrevista a Cristina Sánchez Muñoz.
Authors: Romero Pérez Rosalía
Published: September 2022

Cristina Sánchez Muñoz es una reconocida especialista en la obra de Hannah Arendt. Es profesora de Filosofía del Derecho en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Ha publicado numerosos artículos y capítulos de libros sobre la autora de Los orígenes del totalitarismo. Entre sus libros, destacaremos Hannah Arendt. El espacio de la política (Madrid: Centro de estudios políticos y constitucionales, 2003), la primera monografía en castellano sobre Arendt en nuestro país, y más recientemente Hannah Arendt. Estar (políticamente) en el mundo (Barcelona: Shackleton, 2019).
Emocje, kontekst sytuacyjny i poznanie społeczne
Authors: Łosiak-Pilch Julia
Published: September 2022

EMOTIONS, SITUATION CONTEXT AND SOCIAL RECOGNITION

The article presents definition of emotional states and the problem of a mimic expression of emotions, which is very important for social relations. It discusses the determinants of expression, the cultural rules of regulating and revealing emotional states, and the importance of the situational context for the reception of a mimic expression. Moreover, a complex cognitive process connected with reading the emotional states of others was presented, in which the recipient makes inferences about the social world, the way the observed person perceives the world, as well as his/her properties and attributes.
Emocje a interpersonalna komunikacja międzykulturowa
Authors: Żaliński Adam
Published: September 2022

EMOTIONS AND INTERPERSONAL CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION

Understanding one’s own emotional states as well as the emotional states present in the partner of an intercultural interaction seems to be something essential for the success of the encounter. However, emotions remain ephemeral, eluding rational discernment and control, as well as there is a lack of scientific agreement about their nature. Emotional competence, including the regulation of emotions during intercultural interaction, seems especially important from the point of view of reducing negative consequences of such interactions. It’s also a basis for the adaptation process, but also an element of a person’s psychological development.
Emocje w królestwie racjonalności. O roli emocji w działaniach krakowskich uczelni
Authors: Lis Aleksandra , Rybkowski Radosław
Published: September 2022

EMOTIONS IN THE REALM OF RATIONALITY: THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN KRAKÓW’S UNIVERSITIES’ ACTIVITIES

The recent research on organizations and management proved that despite the claims of rationality, emotions play an important role in decisionmaking and are set the foundations for organizational culture. The present chapter is the result of research aiming at analyzing organizational culture of selected universities located in Krakow as perceived by the deans. Thanks to the place of Krakow on academic map of Poland, the Authors were able to investigate various types of universities: traditional academic university, technical, and artistic. The research proves that, despite the claims of rational objectivity, emotions are equally important in organizational culture of the universities in question, thus any dean must take the emotions into consideration while managing his/her faculty, especially during the times of rapid changes.
An Equilibrium Model for the Cross Section of Liquidity Premia
Authors: Muhle-Karbe Johannes , Shi Xiaofei , Yang Chen
Published: September 2022

We study a risk-sharing economy where an arbitrary number of heterogeneous agents trades an arbitrary number of risky assets subject to quadratic transaction costs. For linear state dynamics, the forward–backward stochastic differential equations characterizing equilibrium asset prices and trading strategies in this context reduce to a coupled system of matrix-valued Riccati equations. We prove the existence of a unique global solution and provide explicit asymptotic expansions that allow us to approximate the corresponding equilibrium for small transaction costs. These tractable approximation formulas make it feasible to calibrate the model to time series of prices and trading volume, and to study the cross section of liquidity premia earned by assets with higher and lower trading costs. This is illustrated by an empirical case study.

Funding: J. Muhle-Karbe is partially supported by the CFM-Imperial Institute of Quantitative Finance. C. Yang is supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council [Grant 24207621] and a University Startup Grant from the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Substitusi Tepung Terigu dengan Tepung Biji Cempedak (Artocarpus champeden) terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Kue Semprit
Authors: Hartanti Lucky , Herawati Selviana Putri , Rahayuni Tri
Published: September 2022

Kue semprit adalah salah satu kue kering jenis biskuit berlemak dan termasuk dalam klasifikasi kue kering dengan teknik semprot. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kecenderungan mutu dari kue semprit dengan adanya substitusi tepung biji cempedak, serta mendapatkan substitusi terbaik dari tepung terigu dengan tepung biji cempedak berdasarkan karakteristik fisikokimia dan sensori. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu faktor, yaitu substitusi tepung terigu dan tepung biji cempedak (P) yang terdiri dari 6 taraf perlakuan dengan 4 kali ulangan.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan tepung biji cempedak sebagai bahan pensubstitusi tepung terigu dalam pembuatan kue semprit berpengaruh terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, protein, dan karbohidrat, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar lemak kue semprit. Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh dari substitusi tepung terigu dengan 60% tepung biji cempedak dengan hasil uji karakteristik fisikokimia berupa kadar air 2,51%, kadar abu 1,48%, kadar lemak 30,28%, kadar protein 7,99%, dan kadar karbohidrat 57,74%.
New academic year
Authors: Allingham Sue
Published: September 2022

I am writing this piece in the middle of August for publication in the October edition. Moving into the Autumn Term is an interesting time, whichever part of the sector we work in. It is a time of change and transition across settings. Children may be moving on to new settings, or staying on in their existing one but missing friends or siblings who have moved on. New journeys may be taken daily and there will be new adults to build relationships with.
The importance of musical awareness
Authors: Leow Abigail
Published: September 2022

This article will be exploring the importance of musical awareness and some links between music and child development. Particular emphasis will be placed on the importance of music and emotion, music and the EYFS (DfE, 2021), music and communication, and lastly the link between music, creativity and play.