bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Green Roof Ecosystems: 100 Years of Functioning on Fortifications—A Case Study
Authors: Pardela Łukasz , Kowalczyk Tomasz , Bogacz Adam , Kasowska Dorota
Published: June 2020

Green roofs have received much attention in recent years due to their ability to retain rainwater, increase urban diversity, and mitigate climate change in cities. This interdisciplinary study was carried out on three historical green roofs covering bunkers in Wrocław, located in southwestern Poland. It presents the results of a three-year investigation of the water storage of these roofs. The study also presents soil conditions and spontaneous vegetation after their functioning for over 100 years. The soils covering the bunkers are made of sandy, sandy-loam, and loamy-sand deposits. This historical construction ensures good drainage and runoff of rainwater, and is able to absorb torrential rainfall ranging from 100 to 150 mm. It provides suitable conditions for vegetation growth, and forest communities with layers formed there. In their synanthropic flora, species of European deciduous forests dominate, which are characteristic of fresh or moist and eutrophic soils with a neutral reaction. Some invasive species, such as Robinia pseudoacacia, Padus serotina, and Impatiens parviflora, also occur with high abundance. Nowadays, historical green roofs on fortifications, although they have lost their primary military role, are of historical and natural value. These roofs can promote the nonmilitary functions of historical fortifications in order to strengthen the ties between nature and heritage. Protecting and monitoring historical green roofs should be included in the elements of the process of sustainable development and the conservation of these structures in order to mitigate climate change in the outskirts of the city. For this, it is necessary to ensure proper conservational protection, which, in addition to maintaining the original structure, profiles, and layout of the building, should include protection of their natural value.
q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Prioritized Aggregation Operators and Their Application Towards Green Supplier Chain Management
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Pamucar Dragan , Athar Farid Hafiz Muhammad , Hashmi Masooma Raza
Published: June 2020

Supply management and environmental concerns are becoming increasingly relevant to scientific decision analysis around the world. Several companies have implemented the green supply chain management (GSCM) approach for attaining economic advantages while retaining sustainable growth for the environment. Green supplier selection has also been analyzed in many literary works as an important part of GSCM, which is considered an important multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) problem. The lack of consideration of the relationships of alternatives to the uncertain environment will be the main reason for weak conclusions in some MCGDM problems. To address these drawbacks, we introduce a new approach for selecting green suppliers with the q-rung orthopair fuzzy information, in which the input assessment is considered by using q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers (q-ROFNs). A q-ROFN is extremely valuable in representing vague information that occurs in these real-world circumstances. The priority relationship of the alternatives to q-rung orthopair fuzzy information is very helpful to deal with GSCM. Consequently, we develop some prioritized operators with q-ROFNs named the q-rung orthopair fuzzy prioritized weighted average (q-ROFPWA) operator and q-rung orthopair fuzzy prioritized weighted geometric (q-ROFPWG) operator. Several important characteristics of these operators such as idempotents, boundary, and monotonicity are also well proven. Finally, an application of the proposed operators is presented for green supplier selection in GSCM. The scientific nature of the proposed methodology is illustrated by a numerical example to validate its rationality, symmetry, and superiority.
On Nonlinear Fractional Difference Equation with Delay and Impulses
Authors: Ouncharoen Rujira , Chasreechai Saowaluck , Sitthiwirattham Thanin
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we establish the existence results for a nonlinear fractional difference equation with delay and impulses. The Banach and Schauder’s fixed point theorems are employed as tools to study the existence of its solutions. We obtain the theorems showing the conditions for existence results. Finally, we provide an example to show the applicability of our results.
A Sigmoidal and Distance Combined Transformation Method for Nearly Singular Integral on Asymmetric Patch
Authors: Yu Jianghong , Lei Zhengbao , Yao Qishui , Zhou Fenglin
Published: June 2020

This paper is devoted to developing a new computational method for nearly singular integral computation in the application of the boundary element method for the analysis of thin-shell-like structures in mechanical engineering. Based on the traditional distance transformation method, a sigmoidal transformation method is introduced to further cluster the integral points around the source point with respect to the circumferential direction. The combined method provides accurate results without employing a large quantity of integral points. Numerical examples demonstrate that the computational accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method is significantly higher than that of the traditional single distance transformation method, especially in the case of the asymmetric integral patch.
Functional Profile of Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells in the Immune Response to Phospholipase A1 Allergen from Polybia paulista Venom
Authors: Fernandes Luís Gustavo Romani , Perez-Riverol Amilcar , Bazon Murilo Luiz , Abram Débora Moitinho , Brochetto-Braga Márcia Regina , Zollner Ricardo de Lima
Published: June 2020

Insect venom can cause systemic allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Improvements in diagnosis and venom immunotherapy (VIT) are based on a better understanding of an immunological response triggered by venom allergens. Previously, we demonstrated that the recombinant phospholipase A1 (rPoly p 1) from Polybia paulista wasp venom induces specific IgE and IgG antibodies in sensitized mice, which recognized the native allergen. Here, we addressed the T cell immune response of rPoly p 1-sensitized BALB/c mice. Cultures of splenocytes were stimulated with Polybia paulista venom extract and the proliferation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and the frequency of T regulatory cells (Tregs) populations were assessed by flow cytometry. Cytokines were quantified in cell culture supernatants in ELISA assays. The in vitro stimulation of T cells from sensitized mice induces a significant proliferation of CD4+ T cells, but not of CD8+ T cells. The cytokine pattern showed a high concentration of IFN-γ and IL-6, and no significant differences to IL-4, IL-1β and TGF-β1 production. In addition, the rPoly p 1 group showed a pronounced expansion of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ and CD4+CD25-FoxP3+ Tregs. rPoly p 1 sensitization induces a Th1/Treg profile in CD4+ T cell subset, suggesting its potential use in wasp venom immunotherapy.
The Dynamic Life of Virus Capsids
Authors: Sherman Michael B. , Smith Hong Q. , Smith Thomas J.
Published: June 2020

Protein-shelled viruses have been thought as “tin cans” that merely carry the genomic cargo from cell to cell. However, through the years, it has become clear that viruses such as rhinoviruses and caliciviruses are active and dynamic structures waiting for the right environmental cues to deliver their genomic payload to the host cell. In the case of human rhinoviruses, the capsid has empty cavities that decrease the energy required to cause conformational changes, resulting in the capsids “breathing”, waiting for the moment when the receptor binds for it to release its genome. Most strikingly, the buried N-termini of VP1 and VP4 are transiently exposed during this process. A more recent example of a “living” protein capsid is mouse norovirus (MNV). This family of viruses have a large protruding (P) domain that is loosely attached to the shell via a single-polypeptide tether. Small molecules found in the gut, such as bile salts, cause the P domains to rotate and collapse onto the shell surface. Concomitantly, bile alters the conformation of the P domain itself from one that binds antibodies to one that recognizes receptors. In this way, MNV appears to use capsid flexibility to present one face to the immune system and a completely different one to attack the host tissue. Therefore, it appears that even protein-shelled viruses have developed an impressive array of tricks to dodge our immune system and efficiently attack the host.
Responsiveness to Influenza Vaccination Correlates with NKG2C-Expression on NK Cells
Authors: Riese Peggy , Trittel Stephanie , Pathirana Rishi D. , Klawonn Frank , Cox Rebecca J. , Guzmán Carlos A.
Published: June 2020

Influenza vaccination often results in a large percentage of low responders, especially in high-risk groups. As a first line of defense, natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in the fight against infections. However, their implication with regard to vaccine responsiveness is insufficiently assessed. Therefore, this study aimed at the validation of essential NK cell features potentially associated with differential vaccine responsiveness with a special focus on NKG2C- and/or CD57-expressing NK cells considered to harbor memory-like functions. To this end, 16 healthy volunteers were vaccinated with an adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine. Vaccine responders and low responders were classified according to their hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers. A majority of responders displayed enhanced frequencies of NKG2C-expressing NK cells 7- or 14-days post-vaccination as compared to low responders, whereas the expression of CD57 was not differentially modulated. The NK cell cytotoxic potential was found to be confined to CD56dimCD16+ NKG2C-expressing NK cells in the responders but not in the low responders, which was further confirmed by stochastic neighbor embedding analysis. The presented study is the first of its kind that ascribes CD56dimCD16+ NKG2C-expressing NK cells a crucial role in biasing adaptive immune responses upon influenza vaccination and suggests NKG2C as a potential biomarker in predicting pandemic influenza vaccine responsiveness.
The Construction and Immunoadjuvant Activities of the Oral Interleukin-17B Expressed by Lactobacillus plantarum NC8 Strain in the Infectious Bronchitis Virus Vaccination of Chickens
Authors: Guo Shaohua , Peng Junjie , Xiao Yongle , Liu Yanyan , Hao Weiwei , Yang Xin , Wang Hongning , Gao Rong
Published: June 2020

Interleukin-17B (IL-17B) is a protective cytokine of the IL-17 family and plays an essential role in the regulation of mucosal inflammation. However, little is known about the role of IL-17B in the control of viral infections. In this study, a recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum, designated as NC8-ChIL17B, was constructed to express the chicken IL-17B (ChIL-17B) gene. The recombinant ChIL17B (rChIL17B) protein was about 14 kDa and was anchored to the surface of NC8 cells. In vitro, it was found that the rChIL17B protein inhibited the proliferation of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) through activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and the JAK (Janus kinase)-STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) signaling. Moreover, to evaluate the immunoadjuvant activities of NC8-ChIL17B, 40 three-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were divided into four groups. Three groups were orally vaccinated with fresh NC8, NC8-ChIL17B, and phosphate buffered saline (PBS), along with the infectious bronchitis virus vaccine, and the other group was the PBS-negative control. The results of the IBV-specific antibody titer and the concentration of the cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in sera, as well as the concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in the tracheal and small intestinal mucosa, the number of cluster of differentiation 4 positive (CD4+) and cluster of differentiation 8 positive (CD8+) T cells in the blood, and the expression of immune-related genes all indicated that NC8-ChIL17B efficiently enhanced the humoral and cellular immune responses to IBV vaccine. Moreover, the viral loads in the NC8-ChIL17B- and IBV-vaccinated group were significantly lower than in the control groups, suggesting a significant promotion of the immunoprotection of IBV vaccination against the virulent IBV strain. Therefore, ChIL-17B is a promising, effective adjuvant candidate for chicken virus vaccines.
Quantification of Energy Loss in Two Grated Inlets under Pressure
Authors: Tellez-Alvarez Jackson , Gómez Manuel , Russo Beniamino
Published: June 2020

Grated inlets have the normal function of collecting the surface runoff into sewer networks, but when the flow exceeds the capacity of the sewer pipes and conduits get pressurized, an outflow from the sewer manholes and grates can occur. In this case, the grate produces an energy loss in the outflow from sewer to street that could be hydraulically quantified characterizing this kind of flow. Energy loss analysis in trash racks can be found in technical literature, but no specific studies on sewer grate inlets have been found. For this reason, some experiments in full scale were developed in the hydraulic laboratory of the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) in order to quantify hydraulic energy losses associated with flow through grated inlets during surcharging conditions. The main goal of this research work was to experimentally quantify the values of the local loss coefficient k for two different surcharged real scale grated inlets existing in Barcelona. For the tested overflows between 20 and 50 L/s, a range from 0.25 to 3.41 was observed for k coefficients under different average velocities of reference and different flow conditions.
Short-Term Effects of Fertilization on Dissolved Organic Matter in Soil Leachate
Authors: Tiefenbacher Alexandra , Weigelhofer Gabriele , Klik Andreas , Pucher Matthias , Santner Jakob , Wenzel Walter , Eder Alexander , Strauss Peter
Published: June 2020

Besides the importance of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil biogeochemical processes, there is still a debate on how agricultural intensification affects the leaching of terrestrial DOM into adjacent aquatic ecosystems. In order to close this linkage, we conducted a short-term (45 day) lysimeter experiment with silt loam and sandy loam undisturbed/intact soil cores. Mineral (calcium ammonium nitrate) or organic (pig slurry) fertilizer was applied on the soil surface with a concentration equivalent to 130 kg N ha−1. On average, amounts of leached DOC over 45 days ranged between 20.4 mg (silt loam, mineral fertilizer) and 34.4 mg (sandy loam, organic fertilizer). Both, mineral and organic fertilization of a silt loam reduced concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the leachate and shifted its composition towards a microbial-like signature (BIX) with a higher aromaticity (Fi) and a lower molecular size (E2:E3). However, in sandy loam only mineral fertilization affected organic matter leaching. There, lowered DOC concentrations with a smaller molecular size (E2:E3) could be detected. The overall effect of fertilization on DOC leaching and DOM composition was interrelated with soil texture and limited to first 12 days. Our results highlight the need for management measures, which prevent or reduce fast flow paths leading soil water directly into aquatic systems, such as surface flow, fast subsurface flow, or drainage water.
Leaf Traits of Drought Tolerance for 37 Shrub Species Originating from a Moisture Gradient
Authors: Xu Gui-Qing , Arndt Stefan K. , Farrell Claire
Published: June 2020

Identifying the drought-tolerance traits of plant species originating from a moisture gradient will increase our understanding of the differences and similarities in plant drought tolerance. However, which traits can be used to evaluate drought tolerance remain an open question. Here, we conducted a common-garden experiment on 37 shrub species originating from desert to humid regions. The correlations between plant traits and the native environmental conditions were studied. Leaf sizes and Huber values were significantly correlated with most climate variables of the shrubs’ origins. The osmotic potentials at full turgor (π100), turgor loss point (ΨTLP), and midday leaf water potential (Ψmid) were significantly correlated with most climate variables of their origins. We proposed using leaf sizes, Huber values, and ΨTLP as predictors of drought tolerance across shrub species and shrub biomes. Statistically significant correlations were found between π100, ΨTLP, and specific leaf area (SLA). However, owing to the weak correlations between SLA and the climate variables of the shrubs origins and between Huber values and leaf size and turgor loss traits, it was difficult to integrate leaf morphological traits with physiological traits to find a simple way to accurately quantify drought-tolerance-related differences among these shrub species.
Hydraulic Simulation and Analysis of an Urban Center’s Aqueducts Using Emergency Scenarios for Network Operation: The Case of Thessaloniki City in Greece
Authors: Mentes Alexandros , Galiatsatou Panagiota , Spyrou Dimitrios , Samaras Achilleas , Stournara Panagiota
Published: June 2020

The present work aims at developing a hydraulic simulation model for the aqueducts of Thessaloniki city in Greece to model the current operating state of the network, as well as its response to emergency conditions resulting from failure in one of them. Hydraulic simulations performed using WaterGEMS software in an extended period simulation (EPS) mode entail estimating water demand in all areas of the conurbation and calibrating the model under both normal and abnormal conditions. Calibration parameters set include the pipes’ roughness coefficients and head loss characteristics of throttle control valves (TCVs). Failure in the city’s aqueducts is confronted with the development and hydraulic simulation of five emergency scenarios of network operation, two of which consider possible interconnections of the studied aqueducts. These scenarios, which include appropriately defined intermittent water supply schedules for the aqueducts, are created on the basis of fair and equitable management of water among the different areas of the city, also assuming a small number of interventions/operations during the crisis. The simulations performed reveal quite a satisfactory compliance of the system’s operation with the defined schedules, and an improved management of limited water reserves in some areas of the network when considering interconnections of the city’s aqueducts.
Two Ocean Pass: An Alternative Hypothesis for the Invasion of Yellowstone Lake by Lake Trout, and Implications for Future Invasions
Authors: Koel Todd M. , Detjens Colleen R. , Zale Alexander V.
Published: June 2020

Preventing the interbasin transfer of aquatic invasive species is a high priority for natural resource managers. Such transfers can be made by humans or can occur by dispersal through connected waterways. A natural surface water connection between the Atlantic and Pacific drainages in North America exists at Two Ocean Pass south of Yellowstone National Park. Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri used this route to cross the Continental Divide and colonize the Yellowstone River from ancestral sources in the Snake River following glacial recession 14,000 bp. Nonnative lake trout Salvelinus namaycush were stocked into lakes in the Snake River headwaters in 1890 and quickly dispersed downstream. Lake trout were discovered in Yellowstone Lake in 1994 and were assumed to have been illegally introduced. Recently, lake trout have demonstrated their ability to move widely through river systems and invade headwater lakes in Glacier National Park. Our objective was to determine if lake trout and other nonnative fish were present in the connected waters near Two Ocean Pass and could thereby colonize the Yellowstone River basin in the past or future. We used environmental DNA (eDNA), electrofishing, and angling to survey for lake trout and other fishes. Yellowstone cutthroat trout were detected at nearly all sites on both sides of the Continental Divide. Lake trout and invasive brook trout S. fontinalis were detected in Pacific Creek near its confluence with the Snake River. We conclude that invasive movements by lake trout from the Snake River over Two Ocean Pass may have resulted in their colonization of Yellowstone Lake. Moreover, Yellowstone Lake may be vulnerable to additional invasions because several other nonnative fish inhabit the upper Snake River. In the future, eDNA collected across smaller spatial intervals in Pacific Creek during flow conditions more conducive to lake trout movement may provide further insight into the extent of non-native fish invasions in this stream.
Shoreline Response to a Sandy Nourishment in a Wave-Dominated Coast Using Video Monitoring
Authors: Jóia Santos Catarina , Andriolo Umberto , Ferreira José C.
Published: June 2020

Beach nourishment is a soft engineering intervention that supplies sand to the shore, to increase the beach recreational area and to decrease coastal vulnerability to erosion. This study presents the preliminary evaluation of nourishment works performed at the high-energy wave-dominated Portuguese coast. The shoreline was adopted as a proxy to study beach evolution in response to nourishment and to wave forcing. To achieve this aim, images collected by a video monitoring system were used. A nourishment calendar was drawn up based on video screening, highlighting the different zones and phases where the works took place. Over the six-month monitoring period, a total amount of 25 video-derived shorelines were detected by both manual and automated procedures on video imagery. Nourishment works, realized in summer, enlarged the emerged beach extension by about 90 m on average. During winter, the shoreline retreated about 50 m due to wave forcing. Spatial analysis showed that the northern beach sector was more vulnerable and subject to erosion, as it is the downdrift side of the groin.
An Analysis of the Periodic Evolution of the Jingjiang Sandbank in the Tidal Reach of the Yangtze River
Authors: Hu Ying , Cao Minxiong , Ma Aixing , Dou Xiping , Wen Yuncheng
Published: June 2020

The Jingjiang Sandbank (JJS) is located on the bank of the tidal reach in the Yangtze River. It experiences a periodic evolution process of increase, split, migration, and dissipation, which affects the current direction, fish habitat, navigation safety, etc. In this paper, the periodic evolution of the JJS is investigated based on 17 field bathymetric measurements of the river from 1999 to 2017. Firstly, six cycles of the evolution process of the sandbank are described, and the evolution pattern of the split detached bar and the main body of the sandbank are analyzed according to the migration tracks of the detached bars and the historical volume-change of the JJS, respectively. Then an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) is conducted on the historical measurements of the bathymetry. The first four eigenfunctions correspond to the time-averaged bathymetry, the long-term change of the pattern of bathymetry, the periodic change of the JJS, and the downstream migration of the split detached bar, and the periodic change of the rip at the back of JJS. It is pointed out that the construction of two waterway regulation projects might have changed the evolution pattern of the JJS permanently.
Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim Degradation by Fenton and Fenton-Like Processes
Authors: Sarmento Antover Panazzolo , Borges Alisson Carraro , Matos Antonio Teixeira de , Romualdo Lincoln Lucílio
Published: June 2020

In this work, the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) via Fenton and Fenton-like processes was evaluated using Mn2+ as supporting catalyst in the Fenton reaction. The optimum conditions of degradation were also evaluated. Besides that, the effect of independent factors pH, [H2O2], [Fe2+], [Mn2+] and reaction time (t) on the efficiency of the SMX and TMP degradation were assessed. Box–Behnken was the experimental design adopted, delineating the relative concentration (C/Co) of antibiotics after treatments as response variable. The inferences were conducted using variance analysis, Pareto chart, response surface methodology, and desirability function. Due to the lack of adjustment of the SMX degradation model, there are no more inferences about it. The significant variables (p ≤ 0.05) on TMP degradation were: reaction time quadratic and linear effect, [Fe2+] linear effect, [Mn2+] linear effect, interaction pH vs. [Mn2+]. The Mn2+ addition aided TMP degradation in environments with lower pH values. However, the addition may harm the efficiency of the antibiotic degradation at higher pH. The optimum condition for TMP degradation in the conventional process (without the addition of Mn2+) is: pH 5, [H2O2] equal to 4.41 mmol L−1, [Fe2+] equal to 0.81 mmol L−1 and 90 min reaction time.
Ortaçağ İslam Mimarisi Süsleme Programında Kakma Tekniği: Mardin Örneği
Authors: YEŞİLBAŞ Evindar
Published: June 2020

Sanat üretiminin bir bileşeni olan süslemenin temel amacı o sanat eserinin izleyici üzerinde etki yaratmasıdır. Mimari yapılarda ana malzeme olarak yüzyıllardır kullanılan taş, coğrafi etkenlerin ve dayanıklılığın yanında kişisel beğeni sonucunda da tercih edilmiştir. Mimaride süslemenin malzemeye göre çeşitlendiğini, kullanılan malzemenin yüzeyine uygulanan müdahaleyle tekniklerin ortaya çıktığını söyleyebiliriz. Mimaride taş süslemede kabartma, oyma, kafes oyma, kakma, kazıma, boyama teknikleri ile renkli taş kullanımından söz edilebilir. Çalışmamıza konu olan kakma tekniği, ana inşa malzemesi üzerine farklı renkteki malzemenin kakılması ile oluşturulan bir tekniktir.
Bu çalışmada, Mardin’in İslami Dönem tarihi yapılarından taş kakma tekniği süslemeye sahip Latifiye Camii, Hamza-i Kebir Camii, Zinciriye Medresesi ve Kasımiye Medresesi’nin kısaca tarihi ve mimari özellikleri verildikten sonra bu süslemelerin yapıların hangi bölümlerinde kullanıldığı, desen ve motif detaylarıyla açıklanmıştır.
II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi İslamcı Çizgideki Süreli Yayınlarda Aile ve Çocuk Eğitimi
Authors: GÖKÜŞ Şeref
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı; II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi matbuatında yer alan İslamcı çizgideki süreli yayın organlarında aile ve çocuk eğitiminin nasıl ele alındığını tespit etmektir. Söz konusu amaç doğrultusunda öncelikle araştırma konusuna ait ilgili literatür taranmış; aile ve çocuk eğitimi hususunda İslamcılık akımının görüşlerini yansıtan süreli yayınların isimleri belirlenmiştir. Arşiv araştırması ve doküman incelemesi yöntemleriyle hazırlanan bu çalışma neticesinde belirlenen süreli yayınların konu ile ilgili tüm makaleleri incelenerek şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: İslamcılar; ideal bir Osmanlı toplumu inşa etmede İslami usullere göre evlenip aile kurmayı ve oluşturulan bu aile ortamında çocuklara doğru ve tutarlı bir din ve ahlak eğitimi verilmesini devletin ve milletin varlığını sürdürmesine etki eden bir beka meselesi olarak görürler. Bu nedenle evlenecek olan kadın ve erkeğin İslamî literatürde sözü edilen maddi ve manevi özelliklere haiz olması gerektiği kanaatini taşırlar. Bununla birlikte İslamcılar, Osmanlı ailesinin teşekkülünde Batı aile tarzının taklit edilmesine şiddetle karşı çıkarak mutlu ve huzurlu bir aile ortamı oluşturulmasında aile içinde ve dışında kadın ve erkeğe düşen görevlerin net bir şekilde belirlenmesi gerektiğini ifade ederler.
Assessment of growth and phytochemical quality of Gynura procumbens through nitrogen, potassium fertilization and evapotranspiration replacement interaction
Authors: Mohamad Bukhori Mohamad Fhaizal , Jaafar Hawa ZE , Ghasemzadeh Ali , Sinniah Uma Rani , Karipaya Gayatri , Yusuf Keezrawati Mujan
Published: June 2020

Despite the progressive reports on potential pharmacological properties of G. procumbens, the importance of agronomic requirements to produce high yields and phytochemical content that may vary due to environmental variations are often overlooked. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the effects of N, K and ER interaction on the growth and phytochemical content of G. procumbens. The study was a three-factorial experiment; two rates of N and K, four rates of ER and three H time. The treatments have affected plant growth and phytochemical content significantly (p≤0.05) with stronger effect on physiology and biochemical attributes (p≤0.01). The study has shown discrete effect on growth, physiology, and phytochemicals content with N0K30>N90K0 and ER 75>50>100>25% treatment. The highest and lowest yield of plant biomass and phytochemical were observed under N0K30(70) and N90K0(25), respectively. The results have shown that the interaction and effect of treatments are highly significant (p≤0.0001) in Cond, CNB, TChlC, TPrC and TFC analysis, (p≤0.05) in NoL, CF and PWP, and not significant in TLA, Photo, TCC, TLC and TPC. The 75% ER has produced significant output of biomass as well as phytochemical content. The study also showed that low rate of N, moderate rate of K with 75% ER have produced high biomass as well as phytochemical content. Meanwhile, caffeic acid and kaempferol were demonstrated as the lead secondary metabolite compounds in this study.
Ecuador y Colombia:
Authors: Ganuza Carina
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo pretende analizar la compleja situación de la región fronteriza compartida por Colombia y Ecuador y cómo cada uno de sus respectivos gobiernos comprendidos en el período 2007-2013, han intentado responder a cuestiones socio-económicas y políticas, conformando una agenda de seguridad, e implementar un sistema de cooperación bilateral. Esto ocurre en el contexto político del ascenso al poder de Rafael Correa en el año 2007, paralelamente a los últimos años de ejercicio presidencial de Álvaro Uribe quien fuera sucedido por Juan Manuel Santos, desde el año 2010.
Juntos, pero no tanto:
Authors: Zelicovich Julieta
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el desarrollo de la dimensión externa del MERCOSUR en el período 1991-2015, constituida a partir de cuatro sub agendas, a saber: a) las negociaciones del patrimonio histórico; b) las negociaciones con socios de extra-zona Norte/ Sur; c) las negociaciones con socios de extra-zona Sur/ Sur; d) las negociaciones en los organismos multilaterales. Se sostiene que el MERCOSUR ha tenido un desempeño limitado en su accionar externo. Los problemas de coordinación intrabloque han ido en desmedro de la capacidad negociadora y, en cuanto a resultados, una vez superadas las negociaciones del seno de la ALADI, en los nuevos acuerdos que han podido celebrarse, el volumen de comercio abarcado es bajo.
GÖTZ BETANCOURT, Shirley. Liderazgo y política exterior
Authors: Colacrai Miryam
Published: June 2020

GÖTZ BETANCOURT, Shirley. Liderazgo y política exterior. Edición: RIL Editores, Santiago de Chile, 2015 | 172 Páginas
IN MEMORIAM
Authors: Colacrai Miryam , Lechini Gladys
Published: June 2020

Extracto de texto: "Ante la desaparición física del Dr. Alfredo Bruno Bologna, sus primeras alumnas y posteriormente colegas y compañeras de ruta en la tarea de interpretar y transmitir la evolución de los acontecimientos internacionales con una mirada argentina, queremos rendirle un sentido homenaje..."
Paradiplomacia de gobiernos no centrales:
Authors: Ippolito Daniel
Published: June 2020

En este artículo se estudia la paradiplomacia de Paraná y Concordia, Provincia de Entre Ríos (Argentina) durante el periodo 2008-2015, partiendo de un análisis institucional hacia un abordaje empírico. De carácter eminentemente cualitativa, la investigación concluye que si bien ninguna de las dos ciudades planificó estratégicamente su actividad paradiplomática, Concordia resultó ser más sobresaliente y efectiva. Ello se evidencia no solo en un mayor número de acciones y diversificación de ámbitos de actuación, sino también en la existencia de una oficina de Relaciones Internacionales y en una visión orientada hacia el desarrollo local por parte de la dirigencia política.
Italia y la Unión Europea:
Authors: Cabeza Marta Graciela
Published: June 2020

El artículo aborda algunas constantes históricas en la política exterior italiana y los hechos políticos que tuvieron lugar en la escena nacional italiana durante los años que van del 2011 al 2015 relacionándolos con las políticas regionales en el seno de la Unión Europea. La necesidad de coordinar las políticas internas - reformas sociales, políticas y económicas - con las políticas comunitarias marca la agenda del actual gobierno de Renzi y el rumbo de la política internacional italiana.
cooperación internacional de Quebec como instrumento para la reivindicación como «Sociedad Distinta»
Authors: Castello Vanesa
Published: June 2020

En el siguiente trabajo, analizaremos la estrategia de la acción externa de Quebec atendiendo a sus orígenes, fundamentos y principales objetivos. En este sentido, la Provincia se valdrá de su diplomacia cultural a partir de constituirse en referente de la identidad francófona dentro de Canadá, desplegando así una serie de estrategias en distintitos espacios internacionales, en especial aquellos que identiicamos en el marco de cooperación internacional multilateral. Estos espacios, en especial UNESCO y la Organización Internacional de la Francofonía, son elegidos por Quebec para intentar dar respuesta a su necesidad de ser reconocida como “Sociedad Distinta».
Corresponsabilidad de la comunidad internacional en la explotación del bloque 43 o ITT en el Parque Nacional Yasuní en Ecuador
Authors: Villacís Luna Diana
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo aborda las principales problemáticas surgidas a la raíz de la Iniciativa Yasuní ITT por la cual el Ecuador pretendía evitar la explotación del petróleo en el Bloque 34 del Parque Nacional Yasuní. Además, analiza las posibilidades que ofrecen alternativas como el Protocolo de Montreal para una más efectiva aplicación de medidas relativas a la preservación y conservación del medioambiente. Finalmente, se relexiona sobre la responsabilidad de la comunidad internacional y el rol del Presidente de Ecuador, Rafael Correa, en el fracaso de la Iniciativa.
cambio en la política exterior de Estados Unidos que permitió el desarrollo del uso pacífico de energía nuclear en Argentina
Authors: Contursi Reynoso Adrián
Published: June 2020

Las bombas atómicas arrojadas sobre Japón no signiican sólo el in de la Segunda Guerra Mundial en 1945. También es el punto de partida para el creciente interés de los países periféricos para obtener dicha tecnología, aunque no desde un enfoque bélico sino como oportunidad de desarrollo. El presente trabajo explora el cambio de la política de cooperación estadounidense en referencia a los conocimientos sobre la energía nuclear y cómo fue la relación de Argentina con Estados Unidos durante su propio proceso de desarrollo nuclear, hasta la concreción del primer reactor RA-1.
cooperación internacional en ciencia y tecnología argentina:
Authors: Demarchi Paula
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la política de cooperación internacional argentina en materia de ciencia y tecnología (CyT) a partir del contraste entre la política explícita, es decir, la política oficial expresada en las declaraciones gubernamentales y la política implícita, aquella que se implementó desde el Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MINCYT) entre 2007 y 2013.
articulación entre el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto y las Provincias argentinas, en un contexto de federalización de la Cooperación Descentralizada
Authors: Curvale Pamela
Published: June 2020

Las transformaciones internacionales de las últimas décadas han propiciado el aumento de la gestión externa de los actores subestatales, que consideran al escenario internacional como un espacio favorable para la internacionalización. El propósito de este artículo es realizar una descripción de las acciones y programas de Cooperación Descentralizada del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto, en su articulación con las provincias de Argentina en un marco de federalización.
Insulation historical buildings from the inside
Authors: Janus Krzysztof
Published: June 2020

This article focuses on the problem of thermal insulation of historical buildings. This issue is very important, especially for historical buildings and those not covered by any form of preservation maintenance. In the case of thermal insulation of this type of buildings, we often have to deal with irretrievable loss of architectural values and even with stripping the buildings from their history and identity and often turning them into architectural monstrosity. The article refers to both aesthetic, legal and technical issues, which should be kept in mind before planning thermal modernisation. It indicates the most common technical and system errors and points to certain changes that can minimise the problem of uncontrolled styrofoam covering of historical buildings.
Increasing the thermal performance of cooling tower by utilizing swirling jets
Authors: KILIÇ Mustafa , ÖZTATAR Mehmet , AKYÜZ Ali Özhan , TUNCER Azim Doğuş , GÜNGÖR Afşin
Published: June 2020

Cooling towers are generally utilized in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, electric power plants and manufacturing applications. The main problem for cooling towers is evaporation loss. The evaporation loss is decreased with utilizing fans, drift eliminators for more water saving. This work is mainly focused numerical analysis of cooling tower for reducing evaporation loss and increase the efficiency of the tower by utilizing two crosswise swirling jets that reduce the inlet hot water temperature in the outlet of the cylindrical channel to the not harmful to ambient conditions temperature. The model is computed for various parameters; air inlet temperatures (10, 22, 32, 40 °C) and Reynolds number for jets inlet velocities (Re= 3900, 5200, 7800, 8500). This model was studied numerically by utilizing ANSYS Fluent CFD software. In this work, it is achieved that increasing Reynolds number causes an increase on evaporation loss. The higher air inlet temperature causes higher evaporation loss. When the air inlet temperatures are reduced from 40 °C to 10 °C, the evaporation loss is decreased as 62% and 81%, respectively. When Reynolds number is decreased from 8500 to 3900, the evaporation loss decreased as 30%. By utilizing this new design, the outlet water temperature could be reduced of 19 °C. Moreover, the numerical findings were validated by some researches available in the literature.
Numerical and experimental study on thermal characteristics of louvered fin microchannel air preheaters
Authors: BAŞARAN Anıl , YURDDAŞ Ali
Published: June 2020

Microchannel heat exchangers have been gradually getting importance in industrial applications due to offering outstanding benefits. The current study has focused on the development of a numerical model to predict the thermal performance of the microchannel air preheaters (MCPH) for HVAC systems. An experimental study has been performed to validate the numerical model results. A louvered fin multiport microchannel heat exchanger has been employed as an air preheater in the experiments. The proposed model has been developed based on the segment-by-segment approach and calculated the outlet temperature and heat capacity of the MCPH. Different air velocities at the frontal face and varying mass flow rates in passes of the MCPH have been taken into consideration in the model. It has been concluded from experimental data that the model predicts the outlet temperature with an average absolute deviation within ±2% for all investigated test conditions. The proposed model shows high accuracy with respect to temperature calculation. Another conclusion is that the non-uniform air velocity approach improves the precision of the proposed model. The heat capacity predictions with the uniform air velocity approach indicate higher deviations than the non-uniform air velocity approach.
Model Marketplace Berbasis Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Tarmizi Tarmizi , Ismail Ismail
Published: June 2020

This study aims to create a market model based on local wisdom so that the marketing activities of small businesses can run effectively. To prove the effectiveness of digital marketing media in the form of a marketplace, research subjects are needed, namely small businesses involved directly with online marketing, interview approaches, and their success rate in using digital media (marketplaces). Through this research, it is expected that small businesses can choose wisely and effectively the use of digital media (marketplaces) in their marketing activities so that their sales turnover can increase. The study took the location or object of research in the city of Banda Aceh. Considering that consumer behavior in the city of Banda Aceh is different from one another, of course, it must be measured and tested, whether the market model based on local wisdom can be applied and has a significant relationship to increase marketing activities and product sales of business actors. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative research, data analysis in the field of the research model and method is carried out by interviewing several SMEs and local marketplace users in the city of Banda Aceh. The sample in this study is small business practitioners who actively use the marketplace for the past two years in the process of marketing and selling their products in the online market. From the results of the non-random sampling, 173 respondents were generally employed, who were small businesses. Data collection techniques using interview and questionnaire models, and the analysis model used here is the Crosstabs Test. Based on the results of surveys and interviews with several business actors, it was found that there is a marketplace model based on local wisdom that has a very significant relationship in increasing the income of small businesses marketing and selling their products online in Banda Aceh City. Keywords: Marketplace, Small business actors, Local Wisdom
Ekonomi Kreatif: Pemetaan Kendala dan Analisis Strategi Kebijakan Pemerintah Studi Kasus pada Kota Bengkalis
Authors: Handayani Tri , Sari Rini Arvika
Published: June 2020

This study aims to explain the creative economy phenomenon in Bengkalis City, explain the existing obstacles from the aspects of Administration, Technical, Operations and Management of Creative Industry entrepreneurs, analyze interventions through policies that have been carried out by the government, then describe development strategies that can be carried out by the Bengkalis government. The Research method was exploratory, where the process of mapping the obstacles in the creative economy industrial applications using purposive sampling technique that involves creative Indutri players. then doing descriptive analysis techniques related to government policies and strategies in developing the creative economy in Bengkalis City. The results of the Mapping constraints are from the aspek of ATOM (Administration, Technical, Operasional, anda Management) shows the constraints most felt by Creative Industry players, namely regulation of raw materials, especially the industrial subsector that relies on natural resources (administrative aspecst), high risk due to product failure (goods/ services) offered to the market (technical aspects), the scarcuty and high cost of raw materials to produce their business product (operasional aspects), and the existence of limited creative economy business in getting skilled employees who want to pursue the creative work of the business (management aspects). A number of breakthroughs that have been taken by the government are by implementing provincial or regional scale policies, which provide business protection, create business climate, and develop the creative economy. As well as creating the Riau Creative Network Agency to further optimize the development of the creative economy and aspects of its promotion. The development strategy needs to be done which has the aim so that the existing policies and strategies are more adaptive according to the needs of the city of Bengkalis and respond to existing challenges and constraints. Keywords: Creatice Economy, Goverments strategy, Development Strategy, Small Medium Entreprices (SMEs).
Influence of Conditions on Early Warning in Lowering Levels of Infant Mortality and Health Disorders
Authors: Purworusmiardi Tubagus , Kamisutara Made , Artaya I Putu , Sukoco Agus
Published: June 2020

The process of the development of the world of digital technology has affected many areas. One of the central areas experiences penetration of digitization technology is in the area of health. One of the influences that add to the health field is medium with a large number of emerging health applications that can be easily accessed via a smartphone or tablet device. For example, in developed countries currently, examination process health the ear or hearing children have can be done using your smartphone. Through this tool, the doctor can diagnose the infection and prepare the proper treatment for patients. Growing number of mobile applications in the health field will certainly ease the course of patient care. There are currently a lot of digital health applications. For that we researchers designed a program shaped application that can be run over the web and sms gateway, to monitor the health conditions of babies from a variety of disorders. The information disseminated through the web and sms gateway can be accessed easily by the mothers who are nurturing her baby, so that a mother will get the right information on how to care for a baby with healthy and avoid distractions endanger the health of infants. this application may be applied in health centers, posyandu, or hospital.
Relative Advantage Dimensions In The Online Health Information System (SINAKES) In Semarang City of Central Java
Authors: Yuniningsih Tri , Larasati Endang , Lutfiana Nurul , Hariani Diah , Sulandari Susi
Published: June 2020

The government is responsible for the implementation of the administration of the State, so it is demanded to improve the quality of public services so that the fulfillment of community needs can run well.  One way for the government to improve the quality of public services is by creating more and more quality service.  In an effort to improve public services in the field of health personnel licensing, the City of Semarang made an innovation called SINAKES Online.  The purpose of this study is to analyze the relative dimensions of advantage in SINAKES Online. This study used the attributes of innovation and supporting factors and inhibitors of innovation in Rogers and Albury's public sector.  The approach method that used in this study was descriptive qualitative, while data collection by observation, interview, and documentation. Data validity was done by triangulating data and sources.  Data analysis was carried out by collecting data until drawing conclusions, while the determination of informants was done purposively. The results showed that in providing health personnel licensing services seen from the relative profit dimensions of innovation could be measured from economic value, social status, pleasure/satisfaction, and important components.  In addition, SINAKES Online Innovation has supporting factors, namely, the desire to change for the better, the availability of facilities and infrastructure, and a supportive environment, but there are inhibiting factors; short-term budgeting and planning and dependence on high performers.  The recommendations given are the need for budget allocation specifically for the development of SINAKES Online and the need for IT development training for employees by holding workshops.