bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal long-run money growth rate in a cash-in-advance economy with labor-market frictions
Authors: Chen Been-Lon , Liao Shian-Yu , Liu Dongpeng , Liu Xiangbo
Published: September 2022

We revisit the Friedman rule in a labor search model and extend Heer (2003), Cooley and Quadrini (2004), and Wang and Xie (2013) to one that allows for endogenous growth. We show that, even without a liquidity effect or a CIA constraint on firms’ wage payment, our model offers a different channel for moderate money growth to increase welfare. Intuitively, in a one-sector endogenous growth economy, the technology is of constant returns with respect to capital. When the labor market is frictional, a moderate increase in money growth induces an expansion in vacancy and employment. Labor and capital are complements in production. With an increase in employment, when the technology is neoclassical, the decreasing return in capital leads to a lower marginal product of labor. However, in an endogenous growth framework wherein the technology exhibits socially constant returns in capital, the marginal product of labor is constant. Due to a constant marginal product of labor, modest inflation raises employment, enlarges economic growth, and increases welfare. Moreover, the optimal long-run inflation rate departs from the Friedman rule, even when the Hosios rule holds. Finally, we find that our model with sustainable growth fits the data better than that without sustainable growth.
Survey of pesticide application practices and technologies in Georgia agronomic crops
Authors: Virk Simerjeet S. , Prostko Eric P.
Published: September 2022

Pesticide regulations and application technologies are changing rapidly due to rising concerns around off-target movement of pesticides and increased focus on improving the efficiency of pesticide applications. In order to conduct relevant applied research and develop educational programs related to pesticide application, it is necessary to understand the common application practices and technologies that growers use. A survey was conducted to assess common pesticide application practices and technologies used by Georgia growers. Both online and printed survey copies were distributed by county agricultural extension agents to growers in all 159 counties. A total of 186 responses representing agronomic crops in 65 counties were received and analyzed for results. Main results of this survey indicated that 1) 72% of respondents produced ≥200 ha of crops; 2) 29% of respondents received their information from university Extension personnel; 3) 42% of respondents used a separate sprayer for applications of dicamba, 2,4-D, or 2,4-DB; 4) 46% of respondents used sprayers with boom lengths ≥18.3 m; 5) 65% of respondents used ≥121 L/ha to apply pesticides; 6) 53% of respondents used three or more different nozzles on their spray booms throughout the season; 7) 68% of respondents used TeeJet® nozzles; 8) 65% of respondents used global positioning systems and rate controllers on their application equipment; 9) 66% of respondents recorded their pesticide application data on a notepad or diary; and 10) 39% of respondents reported that application accuracy is the biggest advantage of new spray technologies. Respondents also reported that weather, timing, and pesticide drift/regulations were their biggest application challenges and that more research is needed on topics such as rates, carrier volumes, pest control, chemicals and adjuvants. Information from this survey provides useful insights into the current application practices, technologies, and research needs of Georgia growers and will be used for developing appropriate research and educational efforts.
Prevalent use of high-intensity statin therapy and LDL-C target	attainment among PAD patients undergoing angioplasty
Authors: Wolf Simon , Spirk David , Forgo Gabor , Sebastian Tim , Voci Davide , Kucher Nils , Barco Stefano
Published: September 2022

Summary: Background: The global burden of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is substantial. Reducing the major modifiable risk factors for noncommunicable disease, including dyslipidaemia, represents a public health priority. Aim is to evaluate the prevalent adequate use of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) attainment among patients with PAD of the lower extremities undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Patients and methods: We screened PAD patients treated at the University Hospital Zurich (January 2012–December 2018). We excluded patients <18 years, without classifiable severity of PAD, or with missing LDL-C or medication data. In this cross-sectional study, we studied the prevalent LLT use and LDL-C values in target according to the most recent European guidelines. Available clinical data included demographic information, lipid profile, type and dose of LLT, characteristics of the artery obstruction and angioplasty. Results: A total of 2,148 angioplasties were performed in 956 patients: 614 (64%) were men; the mean age was 70.6 (SD 11.4) years. A total of 608 (64%) had a non-critical PAD (Fontaine stage I–IIb), whereas the remaining had a critical limb ischemia or a diabetic foot syndrome. Their median LDL-C value was 2.00 (Q1–Q3: 1.50–2.60) mmol/L. In accordance to the 2016 and 2019 European Society of Cardiology guidelines, the LDL-C target of 1.8 and 1.4 mmol/L was not reached in 63% (n=599) and in 79% (n=760) of patients, respectively. Only 41% (n=390) of patients were on high-intensity statin therapy. Conclusions: The attainment of LDL-C targets, as recommended by current European guidelines, and the use of high-intensity LLT were unsatisfactory in the majority of PAD patients.
Population- and Community-Based Interventions to Prevent Suicide
Authors: Linskens Eric J. , Venables Noah C. , Gustavson Allison M. , Sayer Nina A. , Murdoch Maureen , MacDonald Roderick , Ullman Kristen E. , McKenzie Lauren G. , Wilt Timothy J. , Sultan Shahnaz
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Background: Suicide is estimated to account for 1.4% of deaths worldwide, making it among the leading causes of premature death. Public health approaches to reduce suicide have the potential to reach individuals across the spectrum of suicide risk. Aims: To review the effectiveness of newer community-based or population-level suicide prevention strategies. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of literature published from January 2010 to November 2020 to evaluate the effectiveness of community- and population-level interventions. The US Center for Disease Control framework was used for grouping studies by strategy. Results: We included 56 publications that described 47 unique studies. Interventions that reduce access to lethal means, implement organizational policies and culture in police workplace settings, and involve community screening for depression may reduce suicide deaths. It is unclear if other interventions such as public awareness and education campaigns, crisis lines, and gatekeeper training prevent suicide. Evidence was inconsistent for community-based, multistrategy interventions. The most promising multistrategy intervention was the European Alliance Against Depression. Limitations: Most eligible studies were observational and many lacked concurrent control groups or adjustment for confounding variables. Conclusions: Community-based interventions that may reduce suicide deaths include reducing access to lethal means, implementing organizational policies in workplace settings, screening for depression, and the multistrategy European Alliance Against Depression Program. Evidence was unclear, inconsistent, or lacking regarding the impact of many other single- or multistrategy interventions on suicide deaths.
Diverse Magmatic Evolutionary Trends of the Northern Andes Unraveled by Paleocene to Early Eocene Detrital Zircon Geochemistry
Authors: Jaramillo Juan S. , Zapata Sebastian , Carvalho Monica , Cardona Agustin , Jaramillo Carlos , Crowley James L. , Bayona Germán , Caballero‐Rodriguez Dayenari
Published: September 2022

The Paleocene‐early Eocene continental magmatic arc (PECMA) in the Northern Andes is an example of arc magmatism following a major collisional event. This arc formed after the arc‐continent collision between the Caribbean Plate and the South American continental margin at ca. 72 Ma. We used detrital zircon LA‐ICP‐MS and CA‐ID‐TIMS geochronology and geochemistry to complement the limited plutonic record of the PECMA and better characterize the PECMA's magmatic evolution. Zircon geochronology and their respective trace element geochemistry were analyzed from Paleocene‐early Eocene strata of the Bogotá Formation in the foreland region. Our results show that after the collision of the Caribbean Plate, the magmas in the PECMA differentiated under a thick continental crust with limited subduction input at ca. 66 Ma. By 62–50 Ma, scattered patterns of Hf, U, U/Yb, and Yb/Gd ratios in detrital zircons suggest the existence of contrasting magmatic inputs attributed to different depths of crustal fractionation, varied temperatures of crystallization, and significant mantle and subduction inputs. These diverse magmatic patterns reflect the evolution of the continental crust. We proposed that oblique convergence and strike‐slip tectonics favored contrasting crustal architectures along the continental margin while local lithosphere dripping from a previously thickened crust promoted the formation of hot magmas under a thick continental crust.
Changes in Plate Motions Caused by Increases in Gravitational Potential Energy of Mountain Belts
Authors: England Philip , Molnar Peter
Published: September 2022

Reconstructions of motions of the Nazca, South American, and Indian plates record short‐duration (≲10 Myr) variations in angular velocity, which enable a vector‐based test of the hypothesis that mountain uplift can cause changes in plate motion. Reductions in velocity of Nazca and South America between ∼12 and 6 Ma coincide with a phase of rapid surface uplift in the Central Andes. Decrease in the rate of India's convergence with Eurasia between ∼20 and 10 Ma corresponds to an increase in gravitational potential energy per unit area (GPE) within Tibet, marked by a transition from crustal thickening to thinning. The vectorial test shows that, in each case, the only change in driving force capable of balancing the change in basal drag is an increased resistance along the convergent boundary to the plate. Changes in GPE associated with mountain uplift provide a calibration for basal drags on plates. Basal tractions of ∼0.1–1 MPa provide resisting forces comparable in magnitude to driving forces from GPE variation in ocean lithosphere. The rapid change in motion of the Indian plate between about 48 and 41 Ma is explained by the juxtaposition of the Indian continent against the Andean‐type margin of the Transhimalaya and reduction in driving force due to loss of the slab. The net slab driving force lost was ∼2–4 TN m−1, in agreement with previous studies suggesting that forces resisting slabs' penetration into the mantle largely offset their negative buoyancy.
Non‐Local Eddy‐Mean Kinetic Energy Transfers in Submesoscale‐Permitting Ensemble Simulations
Authors: Jamet Quentin , Leroux Stephanie , Dewar William K. , Penduff Thierry , Le Sommer Julien , Molines Jean‐Marc , Gula Jonathan
Published: September 2022

Understanding processes associated with eddy‐mean flow interactions helps our interpretation of ocean energetics, and guides the development of parameterizations. Here, we focus on the non‐local nature of Kinetic Energy (KE) transfers between mean and turbulent reservoirs. Transfers are interpreted as non‐local when the energy extracted from the mean flow does not locally sustain an growth of energy in the turbulent flow, or vice versa. The novelty of our approach is to use ensemble statistics to define the mean and the turbulent flow. Based on KE budget considerations, we first rationalize the eddy‐mean separation in the ensemble framework, and discuss the interpretation of a mean flow driven by the prescribed (surface and boundary) forcing and a turbulent flow u′ driven by non‐linear dynamics sensitive to initial conditions. We then analyze 120‐day long, 20‐member ensemble simulations of the Western Mediterranean basin run at resolution. Our main contribution is to recognize the prominent contribution of the cross energy term to explain non‐local energy transfers, which provides a strong constraint on the horizontal organization of eddy‐mean flow KE transfers since the cross energy term vanishes identically for perturbations orthogonal to the mean flow . We also highlight the prominent contribution of vertical turbulent fluxes for energy transfers within the surface mixed layer. Analyzing the scale dependence of non‐local energy transfers supports the local approximation usually made in the development of meso‐scale, energy‐aware parameterizations for non‐eddying models, but points out to the necessity of accounting for non‐local dynamics in the meso‐to‐submeso scale range.
Non-invasive continuous cardiac output monitoring in infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
Authors: Garvey Aisling A. , O’Neill Roisin , Livingstone Vicki , Pavel Andreea M. , Finn Daragh , Boylan Geraldine B. , Murray Deirdre M. , Dempsey Eugene M.
Published: September 2022

Objective

To describe early, continuous, non-invasive measures of cardiac output (CO) and evolution over time in infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Study design

Prospective observational study of 44 infants with HIE (23 mild, 17 moderate, 4 severe) and 17 term controls. Infants with HIE had non-invasive CO monitoring (NICOM) continuously in the neonatal unit. Term controls had NICOM recorded at 6 and 24 h. A mixed-modelling approach was used to assess change in CO over time by group.

Results

Infants with moderate HIE have significantly lower CO than the mild group at all timepoints (10.7 mls/kg/min lower, 95% CI:1.0,20.4, p = 0.03) which increases over time, driven by a gradual increase in stroke volume (SV). CO increased further during rewarming predominantly due to an increase in HR.

Conclusion

TH has a significant impact on HR but SV appears largely unaffected. NICOM may provide a non-invasive, continuous, low-cost alternative to monitoring CO in infants with HIE however further research is warranted.
Protein tyrosine kinase 2b inhibition reverts niche-associated resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in AML
Authors: Allert Catana , Waclawiczek Alexander , Zimmermann Sarah Miriam Naomi , Göllner Stefanie , Heid Daniel , Janssen Maike , Renders Simon , Rohde Christian , Bauer Marcus , Bruckmann Margarita , Zinz Rafael , Pauli Cornelius , Besenbeck Birgit , Wickenhauser Claudia , Trumpp Andreas , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Blank Maximilian Felix
Published: September 2022

FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy evolved into a standard therapy in FLT3-mutated AML. TKI resistance, however, develops frequently with poor outcomes. We analyzed acquired TKI resistance in AML cell lines by multilayered proteome analyses. Leupaxin (LPXN), a regulator of cell migration and adhesion, was induced during early resistance development, alongside the tyrosine kinase PTK2B which phosphorylated LPXN. Resistant cells differed in cell adhesion and migration, indicating altered niche interactions. PTK2B and LPXN were highly expressed in leukemic stem cells in FLT3-ITD patients. PTK2B/FAK inhibition abrogated resistance-associated phenotypes, such as enhanced cell migration. Altered pathways in resistant cells, assessed by nascent proteomics, were largely reverted upon PTK2B/FAK inhibition. PTK2B/FAK inhibitors PF-431396 and defactinib synergized with different TKIs or daunorubicin in FLT3-mutated AML. Midostaurin-resistant and AML cells co-cultured with mesenchymal stroma cells responded particularly well to PTK2B/FAK inhibitor addition. Xenograft mouse models showed significant longer time to leukemia symptom-related endpoint upon gilteritinib/defactinib combination treatment in comparison to treatment with either drug alone. Our data suggest that the leupaxin-PTK2B axis plays an important role in acquired TKI resistance in AML. PTK2B/FAK inhibitors act synergistically with currently used therapeutics and may overcome emerging TKI resistance in FLT3-mutated AML at an early timepoint.
Shipborne oceanic high-spectral-resolution lidar for accurate estimation of seawater depth-resolved optical properties
Authors: Zhou Yudi , Chen Yang , Zhao Hongkai , Jamet Cédric , Dionisi Davide , Chami Malik , Di Girolamo Paolo , Churnside James H. , Malinka Aleksey , Zhao Huade , Qiu Dajun , Cui Tingwei , Liu Qun , Chen Yatong , Phongphattarawat Sornsiri , Wang Nanchao , Chen Sijie , Chen Peng , Yao Ziwei , Le Chengfeng , Tao Yuting , Xu Peituo , Wang Xiaobin , Wang Binyu , Chen Feitong , Ye Chuang , Zhang Kai , Liu Chong , Liu Dong
Published: September 2022

Lidar techniques present a distinctive ability to resolve vertical structure of optical properties within the upper water column at both day- and night-time. However, accuracy challenges remain for existing lidar instruments due to the ill-posed nature of elastic backscatter lidar retrievals and multiple scattering. Here we demonstrate the high performance of, to the best of our knowledge, the first shipborne oceanic high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) and illustrate a multiple scattering correction algorithm to rigorously address the above challenges in estimating the depth-resolved diffuse attenuation coefficientKdand the particulate backscattering coefficientbbpat 532 nm. HSRL data were collected during day- and night-time within the coastal areas of East China Sea and South China Sea, which are connected by the Taiwan Strait. Results include vertical profiles from open ocean waters to moderate turbid waters and first lidar continuous observation of diel vertical distribution of thin layers at a fixed station. The root-mean-square relative differences between the HSRL and coincident in situ measurements are 5.6% and 9.1% forKdandbbp, respectively, corresponding to an improvement of 2.7–13.5 and 4.9–44.1 times, respectively, with respect to elastic backscatter lidar methods. Shipborne oceanic HSRLs with high performance are expected to be of paramount importance for the construction of 3D map of ocean ecosystem.
Electrochemical and biological performance of hierarchical platinum-iridium electrodes structured by a femtosecond laser
Authors: Li Linze , Jiang Changqing , Duan Wanru , Wang Zhiyan , Zhang Feng , He Changgeng , Long Tiangang , Li Luming
Published: September 2022

Neural electrode interfaces are essential to the stimulation safety and recording quality of various bioelectronic therapies. The recently proposed hierarchical platinum-iridium (Pt-Ir) electrodes produced by femtosecond lasers have exhibited superior electrochemical performance in vitro, but their in vivo performance is still unclear. In this study, we explored the electrochemical performance, biological response, and tissue adhesion of hierarchical Pt-Ir electrodes by implantation in adult rat brains for 1, 8, and 16 weeks. Regular smooth Pt-Ir electrodes were used as a control. The results showed that the electrochemical performance of both electrodes decreased and leveled off during implantation. However, after 16 weeks, the charge storage capacity of hierarchical electrodes stabilized at ~16.8 mC/cm2, which was 15 times that of the smooth control electrodes (1.1 mC/cm2). Moreover, the highly structured electrodes had lower impedance amplitude and cutoff frequency values. The similar histological response to smooth electrodes indicated good biocompatibility of the hierarchically structured Pt-Ir electrodes. Given their superior in vivo performance, the femtosecond laser-treated Pt-Ir electrode showed great potential for neuromodulation applications.
The role of ferroptosis in prostate cancer: a novel therapeutic strategy
Authors: Wang Yue , Ma Yifan , Jiang Kui
Published: September 2022

The incidence of prostate cancer is the second most among male cancers after lung cancer. Prostate cancer develops rapidly and is inclined to metastasize, and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) can be formed in the later stage, which brings great challenges to the prognosis and treatment. At present, the main treatment of prostate cancer is generally divided into four methods: surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy. However, the efficacy of these methods fails to satisfy the demands of patient prognosis. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent process, characterized by lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is associated with many diseases, especially tumor growth. In recent years, inhibiting tumor growth and overcoming tumor drug resistance by inducing ferroptosis has become a hot research topic. Previous studies have shown that induction of ferroptosis may be a new treatment for prostate cancer. We review the research progress of ferroptosis in prostate cancer in order to provide highly effective therapies for patients with prostate cancer.
Pharmacological inhibition and reversal of pancreatic acinar ductal metaplasia
Authors: da Silva Lais , Jiang Jinmai , Perkins Corey , Atanasova Kalina Rosenova , Bray Julie K. , Bulut Gamze , Azevedo-Pouly Ana , Campbell-Thompson Martha , Yang Xiaozhi , Hakimjavadi Hesamedin , Chamala Srikar , Ratnayake Ranjala , Gharaibeh Raad Z. , Li Chenglong , Luesch Hendrik , Schmittgen Thomas D.
Published: September 2022

Pancreatic acinar cells display a remarkable degree of plasticity and can dedifferentiate into ductal-like progenitor cells by a process known as acinar ductal metaplasia (ADM). ADM is believed to be one of the earliest precursor lesions toward the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and maintaining the pancreatic acinar cell phenotype suppresses tumor formation. The effects of a novel pStat3 inhibitor (LLL12B) and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) were investigated using 3-D cultures from p48Cre/+ and p48Cre/+LSL-KrasG12D/+ (KC) mice. LLL12B and TSA inhibited ADM in both KC and p48Cre/+ mouse pancreatic organoids. Furthermore, treatment with LLL12B or TSA on dedifferentiated acini from p48Cre/+ and KC mice that had undergone ADM produced morphologic and gene expression changes that suggest a reversal of ADM. Validation experiments using qRT-PCR (p48Cre/+ and KC) and RNA sequencing (KC) of the LLL12B and TSA treated cultures showed that the ADM reversal was more robust for the TSA treatments. Pathway analysis showed that TSA inhibited Spink1 and PI3K/AKT signaling during ADM reversal. The ability of TSA to reverse ADM was also observed in primary human acinar cultures. We report that pStat3 and HDAC inhibition can attenuate ADM in vitro and reverse ADM in the context of wild-type Kras. Our findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition or reversal of pancreatic ADM represents a potential therapeutic strategy for blocking aberrant ductal reprogramming of acinar cells.
Assessment of MRI to estimate metastatic dissemination risk and prometastatic effects of chemotherapy
Authors: Karagiannis George S. , Bianchi Anthony , Sanchez Luis Rivera , Ambadipudi Kamal , Cui Min-Hui , Anampa Jesus M. , Asiry Saeed , Wang Yarong , Harney Allison S. , Pastoriza Jessica M. , Lin Yu , Chen Xiaoming , Jones Joan G. , Entenberg David , Haddad Dana , Hodges Laura J. , Duong Timothy Q. , Sparano Joseph A. , Oktay Maja H. , Branch Craig A. , Condeelis John S.
Published: September 2022

Metastatic dissemination in breast cancer is regulated by specialized intravasation sites called “tumor microenvironment of metastasis” (TMEM) doorways, composed of a tumor cell expressing the actin-regulatory protein Mena, a perivascular macrophage, and an endothelial cell, all in stable physical contact. High TMEM doorway number is associated with an increased risk of distant metastasis in human breast cancer and mouse models of breast carcinoma. Here, we developed a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methodology, calledTMEM Activity-MRI, to detect TMEM-associated vascular openings that serve as the portal of entry for cancer cell intravasation and metastatic dissemination. We demonstrate thatTMEM Activity-MRIcorrelates with primary tumor TMEM doorway counts in both breast cancer patients and mouse models, including MMTV-PyMT and patient-derived xenograft models. In addition,TMEM Activity-MRIis reduced in mouse models upon treatment with rebastinib, a specific and potent TMEM doorway inhibitor.TMEM Activity-MRIis an assay that specifically measures TMEM-associated vascular opening (TAVO) events in the tumor microenvironment, and as such, can be utilized in mechanistic studies investigating molecular pathways of cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. Finally, we demonstrate thatTMEM Activity-MRIincreases upon treatment with paclitaxel in mouse models, consistent with prior observations that chemotherapy enhances TMEM doorway assembly and activity in human breast cancer. Our findings suggest thatTMEM Activity-MRIis a promising precision medicine tool for localized breast cancer that could be used as a non-invasive test to determine metastatic risk and serve as an intermediate pharmacodynamic biomarker to monitor therapeutic response to agents that block TMEM doorway-mediated dissemination.
Improvement in symptom-related disruptions is associated with fewer days of short-acting beta-agonist use in asthma
Authors: Kaye Leanne , Vuong Vy , Barrett Meredith A. , Boers Elroy , Guilbert Theresa
Published: September 2022

Significant indirect healthcare costs are related to uncontrolled asthma, including productivity loss. Days with short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) use is associated with symptom-related disruptions at work, home, and school. Digital self-management platforms may support fewer days with SABA medication use and may reduce symptom-related disruptions.
Experimental investigation of wave-particle duality relations in asymmetric beam interference
Authors: Chen Dong-Xu , Zhang Yu , Zhao Jun-Long , Wu Qi-Cheng , Fang Yu-Liang , Yang Chui-Ping , Nori Franco
Published: September 2022

Wave-particle duality relations are fundamental for quantum physics. Previous experimental studies of duality relations mainly focus on the quadratic relation D2 + V2 ≤ 1, based on symmetric beam interference, while a linear form of the duality relation, predicated earlier theoretically, has never been experimentally tested. In addition, the difference between the quadratic form and the linear form has not been explored yet. In this work, with a designed asymmetric beam interference and by utilizing the polarization degree of freedom of the photon as a which-way detector, we experimentally confirm both forms of the duality relations. The results show that more path information is obtained in the quadratic case. Our findings reveal the difference between the two duality relations and have fundamental implications in better understanding these important duality relations.
Gabi wheat a panel of European elite lines as central stock for wheat genetic research
Authors: Gogna Abhishek , Schulthess Albert W. , Röder Marion S. , Ganal Martin W. , Reif Jochen C.
Published: September 2022

In plant sciences, curation and availability of interoperable phenotypic and genomic data is still in its infancy and represents an obstacle to rapid scientific discoveries in this field. To that end, supplementing the efforts being made to generate open access wheat genome, pan wheat genome and other bioinformatic resources, we present the GABI-WHEAT panel of elite European cultivars comprising 358 winter and 14 summer wheat varieties released between 1975 to 2007. The panel has been genotyped with SNP arrays of increasing density to investigate several important agronomic, quality and disease resistance traits. The robustness of investigated traits and interoperability of genomic and phenotypic data was assessed in the current publication with the aim to transform this panel into a public data resource for future genetic research in wheat. Consecutively, the phenotypic data was formatted to comply with FAIR principles and linked to online databases to substantiate panel origin information and quality. Thus, we were able to make a valuable resource available for plant science in a sustainable way.
Volumetric analysis of spontaneous bone healing after jaw cyst enucleation
Authors: Ku Jeong-Kui , Han Michael , Yongvikul Atapol , Huh Jong-Ki , Kim Jae-Young
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the degree of spontaneous bone healing after cyst enucleation as well as its contributing factors. Pre- and post-operative computed tomography (CT) scans of consecutive patients who had undergone jaw cyst enucleation were retrospectively analyzed. The outcome variable was healing ratio, which was calculated using the volume of the cyst before surgery and the volume of the defect in the bone after surgery. Predictor variables including duration of observation, pre-operative cyst size, age, gender, and involved jaw were analyzed to determine their influence. Forty-four subjects (30 Male and 14 Female, average 40.7 ± 15.7 years) were included in this study. Healing ratio was significantly lower during the first year (33.5 ± 32.8%) compared to the second (74.5 ± 24.2%) and subsequent years (74.2 ± 17.8%). In 35 patients who had follow-ups of over 1 year, the healing ratio was not affected by the pre-operative cyst size and upper/lower jaw except gender (p = 0.037, female > male) and age (p = 0.021, younger than 30 years > 30 years and older). The residual defect was significant larger in cysts 3 cc or larger (1.64 ± 1.54 cc) compared to smaller cysts (0.43 ± 0.42 cc, p = 0.006). The residual defect volume of large cysts was similar to those of the pre-operative volume of small cysts (1.47 ± 0.72 cc). In conclusion, spontaneous bone healing ratio of post-enucleation defects was about 73.5% after 12 months. Large cysts (> 3 cc) had larger defect, comparable to the volume of small cysts, but with altered contour. Additional treatment such as a bone graft may be considered especially in large cysts.
Night home enteral nutrition as a novel enforced and physiologically effective nutrition therapy following total gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Komatsu Shuhei , Konishi Tomoki , Matsubara Daiki , Soga Koji , Shimomura Katsumi , Ikeda Jun , Taniguchi Fumihiro , Iwase Hiroya , Kubota Takeshi , Shioaki Yasuhiro , Otsuji Eigo
Published: September 2022

Enteral nutrition has been reported to be safe and effective in malnourished patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal surgery. In this study, we devised night home enteral nutrition (N-HEN) as a novel nutritional strategy and evaluated the efficacy in gastric cancer patients following total gastrectomy. Between January 2017 and March 2021, 24 patients were prospectively included in the protocol and supported by N-HEN for three postoperative months through a jejunostomy during the night (Elental:1200 kcal/day), and 22 patients without N-HEN were followed as a control group (CG). Body weight loss, nutritional indicators and tolerance to chemotherapy were evaluated. After 3 and 6 months, patients with N-HEN had significantly less body weight loss than CG (3 months P < 0.0001: N-HEN 4.0% vs. CG 15.2%, 6 months P < 0.0001: N-HEN 7.7% vs. CG 17.7%). Prealbumin was significantly higher in patients with N-HEN than CG after 3 and 6 months (3 months P < 0.0001, 6 months P = 0.0037). Albumin, total protein and hemoglobin, tended to be higher after 3 and 6 months in patients with N-HEN than CG, and total cholesterol after 6 months. Concerning the tolerance to adjuvant chemotherapy in Stage II–III patients, patients with N-HEN significantly had a higher completion rate (P = 0.0420: N-HEN 70% vs. CG 29%) and longer duration (P = 0.0313: N-HEN 458 days vs. CG 261 days) as planned. Continuous monitoring of blood glucose concentration in patients with N-HEN did not show nocturnal hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. N-HEN could be a novel enforced and physiologically effective nutritional strategy to support potentially malnourished patients following total gastrectomy.
Revisiting implementation of multiple natural enemies in pest management
Authors: Alharbi Weam , Sandhu Simran K. , Areshi Mounirah , Alotaibi Abeer , Alfaidi Mohammed , Al-Qadhi Ghada , Morozov Andrew Yu
Published: September 2022

A major goal of biological control is the reduction and/or eradication of pests using various natural enemies, in particular, via deliberate infection of the target species by parasites. To enhance the biological control, a promising strategy seems to implement a multi-enemy assemblage rather than a single control agent. Although a large body of theoretical studies exists on co-infections in epidemiology and ecology, there is still a big gap in modelling outcomes of multi-enemy biological control. Here we theoretically investigate how the efficiency of biological control of a pest depends on the number of natural enemies used. We implement a combination of eco-epidemiological modelling and the Adaptive Dynamics game theory framework. We found that a progressive addition of parasite species increases the evolutionarily stable virulence of each parasite, and thus enhances the mortality of the target pest. However, using multiple enemies may have only a marginal effect on the success of biological control, or can even be counter-productive when the number of enemies is excessive. We found the possibility of evolutionary suicide, where one or several parasite species go extinct over the course of evolution. Finally, we demonstrate an interesting scenario of coexistence of multiple parasites at the edge of extinction.
A low-profile broadband crossed-dipole antenna with fractal structure and inverted-L plates
Authors: Feng Guirong , Qi Tianyi , Li Mingming , Li Jiachen , Wang Xin-wei , Yang Hai-long
Published: September 2022

A low-profile broadband circularly polarized (CP) crossed-dipole antenna is proposed. In this antenna, the dipole uses a fractal-based structure with multiple similar patches for obtaining broadband CP radiation and impedance matching. The incorporation of the crossed-dipole antenna with four triangular parasitic patches improves both the impedance and axial ratio (AR) bandwidths. Four parasitic coupled inverted-L metal plates are loaded on the ground plane to significantly enhance the AR bandwidth and reduce the antenna profile. The measured results are in agreement with the simulations, which demonstrates that the proposed antenna has a low profile of 0.18 λ0, a − 10 dB impedance bandwidth of 91% (2.78–7.42 GHz), a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 81.5% (2.99–7.1 GHz), and a good right hand circular polarization (RHCP) radiation pattern with an average gain of 7.9 dBi over the whole operating band.
Analytical techniques for mapping multi-hazard with geo-environmental modeling approaches and UAV images
Authors: Kariminejad Narges , Pourghasemi Hamid Reza , Hosseinalizadeh Mohsen
Published: September 2022

The quantitative spatial analysis is a strong tool for the study of natural hazards and their interactions. Over the last decades, a range of techniques have been exceedingly used in spatial analysis, especially applying GIS and R software. In the present paper, the multi-hazard susceptibility maps compared in 2020 and 2021 using an array of data mining techniques, GIS tools, and Unmanned aerial vehicles. The produced maps imply the most effective morphometric parameters on collapsed pipes, gully heads, and landslides using the linear regression model. The multi-hazard maps prepared using seven classifiers of Boosted regression tree (BRT), Flexible discriminant analysis (FDA), Multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS), Mixture discriminant analysis (MDA), Random forest (RF), Generalized linear model (GLM), and Support vector machine (SVM). The results of each model revealed that the greatest percentage of the study region was low susceptible to collapsed pipes, landslides, and gully heads, respectively. The results of the multi-hazard models represented that 52.22% and 48.18% of the study region were not susceptible to any hazards in 2020 and 2021, while 6.19% (2020) and 7.39% (2021) of the region were at the risk of all compound events. The validation results indicate the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of all applied models was more than 0.70 for the landform susceptibility maps in 2020 and 2021. It was found where multiple events co-exist, what their potential interrelated effects are or how they interact jointly. It is the direction to take in the future to determine the combined effect of multi-hazards so that policymakers can have a better attitude toward sustainable management of environmental landscapes and support socio-economic development.
Classical theory of universal quantum work distribution in chaotic and disordered non-interacting Fermi systems
Authors: Grabarits András , Kormos Márton , Lovas Izabella , Zaránd Gergely
Published: September 2022

We present a universal theory of quantum work statistics in generic disordered non-interacting Fermi systems, displaying a chaotic single-particle spectrum captured by random matrix theory. We consider quantum quenches both within a driven random matrix formalism and in an experimentally accessible microscopic model, describing a two-dimensional disordered quantum dot. By extending Anderson’s orthogonality determinant formula to compute quantum work distribution, we demonstrate that work statistics is non-Gaussian and is characterized by a few dimensionless parameters. At longer times, quantum interference effects become irrelevant and the quantum work distribution is well-described in terms of a purely classical ladder model with a symmetric exclusion process in energy space, while bosonization and mean field methods provide accurate analytical expressions for the work statistics. Our results demonstrate the universality of work distribution in generic chaotic Fermi systems, captured by the analytical predictions of a mean field theory, and can be verified by calorimetric measurements on nanoscale circuits.
Teg58, a small regulatory RNA, is involved in regulating arginine biosynthesis and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Manna Adhar C. , Leo Stefano , Girel Sergey , González-Ruiz Víctor , Rudaz Serge , Francois Patrice , Cheung Ambrose L.
Published: September 2022

Staphylococcus aureus adapts to different environments by sensing and responding to diverse environmental cues. The responses are coordinately regulated by regulatory proteins, and small regulatory RNAs at the transcriptional and translational levels. Here, we characterized teg58, a SarA repressed sRNA, using ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq analysis of a sarA mutant. Phenotypic and genetic analyses indicated that inactivation of teg58 led to reduced biofilm formation in a process that is independent of SarA, agr, PIA, and PSMs. RNA-Seq analysis of teg58 mutant revealed up-regulation of arginine biosynthesis genes (i.e., argGH) as well as the ability of the mutant to grow in a chemical defined medium (CDM) lacking l-arginine. Exogenous l-arginine or endogenous induction of argGH led to decreased biofilm formation in parental strains. Further analysis in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that the specific interaction between teg58 and the argGH occurred at the post-transcriptional level to repress arginine synthesis. Biochemical and genetic analyses of various arginine catabolic pathway genes demonstrated that the catabolic pathway did not play a significant role in reduced biofilm formation in the teg58 mutant. Overall, results suggest that teg58 is a regulatory sRNA that plays an important role in modulating arginine biosynthesis and biofilm formation in S. aureus.
Relative ellipsoid zone reflectivity and its association with disease severity in age-related macular degeneration: a MACUSTAR study report
Authors: Saßmannshausen Marlene , Behning Charlotte , Isselmann Ben , Schmid Matthias , Finger Robert P. , Holz Frank G. , Schmitz-Valckenberg Steffen , Pfau Maximilian ,   MACUSTAR Consortium, Agostini H. , Altay L. , Atia R. , Bandello F. , Basile P. G. , Behning C. , Belmouhand M. , Berger M. , Binns A. , Boon C. J. F. , Böttger M. , Bouchet C. , Brazier J. E. , Butt T. , Carapezzi C. , Carlton J. , Carneiro A. , Charil A. , Coimbra R. , Cozzi M. , Crabb D. P. , Cunha-Vaz J. , Dahlke C. , de Sisternes L. , Dunbar H. , Finger R. P. , Fletcher E. , Floyd H. , Francisco C. , Gutfleisch M. , Hogg R. , Holz F. G. , Hoyng C. B. , Kilani A. , Krätzschmar J. , Kühlewein L. , Larsen M. , Leal S. , Lechanteur Y. T. E. , Luhmann U. F. O. , Lüning A. , Marques I. , Martinho C. , Montesano G. , Mulyukov Z. , Paques M. , Parodi B. , Parravano M. , Penas S. , Peters T. , Peto T. , Pfau M. , Poor S. , Priglinger S. , Rowen D. , Rubin G. S. , Sahel J. , Sánchez C. , Sander O. , Saßmannshausen M. , Schmid M. , Schmitz-Valckenberg S. , Schrinner-Fenske H. , Siedlecki J. , Silva R. , Skelly A. , Souied E. , Staurenghi G. , Stöhr L. , Taylor D. J. , Terheyden J. H. , Thiele S. , Tufail A. , Varano M. , Vieweg L. , Wintergerst L. , Wolf A. , Zakaria N. , Thiele Sarah
Published: September 2022

Quantification of the relative ellipsoid zone reflectivity (rEZR) might be a structural surrogate parameter for an early disease progression in the context of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Within the European multicenter, cross-sectional MACUSTAR study, we have devised an automatic approach to determine the mean rEZR [arbitrary units, AU] at two independent visits in SD-OCT volume scans in study participants. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to analyze the association of AMD stage and AMD associated high-risk features including presence of pigmentary abnormalities, reticular pseudodrusen (RPD), volume of the retinal-pigment-epithelial–drusenoid-complex (RPEDC) with the rEZR. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were determined for rEZR reliability analysis. Within the overall study cohort (301 participants), we could observe decreased rEZR values (coefficient estimate ± standard error) of − 8.05 ± 2.44 AU (p = 0.0011) in the intermediate and of − 22.35 ± 3.28 AU (p < 0.0001) in the late AMD group. RPD presence was significantly associated with the rEZR in iAMD eyes (− 6.49 ± 3.14 AU; p = 0.0403), while there was a good ICC of 0.846 (95% confidence interval: 0.809; 0.876) in the overall study cohort. This study showed an association of rEZR with increasing disease severity and the presence of iAMD high-risk features. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the rEZR’s value as a novel biomarker for AMD and disease progression.
Photo-engineered optoelectronic properties of indium tin oxide via reactive laser annealing
Authors: Hillier James Arthur , Patsalas Panos , Karfaridis Dimitrios , Camelio Sophie , Cranton Wayne , Nabok Alexei V. , Mellor Christopher J. , Koutsogeorgis Demosthenes C. , Kalfagiannis Nikolaos
Published: September 2022

Transparent conductive oxides are appealing materials for optoelectronic and plasmonic applications as, amongst other advantages, their properties can be modulated by engineering their defects. Optimisation of this adjustment is, however, a complex design problem. This work examined the modification of the carrier transport properties of sputtered tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) via laser annealing in reactive environments. We relate the optical modifications to the structural, compositional, and electronic properties to elucidate the precise mechanisms behind the reactive laser annealing (ReLA) process. For sufficiently high laser fluence, we reveal an ambient-dependent and purely compositional modulation of the carrier concentration of ITO thin films. Hereby, we demonstrate that ReLA utilises the precise energy delivery of photonic processing to enhance the carrier mobility and finely tune the carrier concentration without significantly affecting the crystal structure. Exploitation of this phenomena may enable one to selectively engineer the optoelectronic properties of ITO, promising an alternative to the exploration of new materials for optoelectronic and photonic applications.
Association between maternal smoke exposure and congenital heart defects from a case–control study in China
Authors: Deng Changfei , Pu Jie , Deng Ying , Xie Liang , Yu Li , Liu Lijun , Guo Xiujing , Sandin Sven , Liu Hanmin , Dai Li
Published: September 2022

There is a gap in knowledge how maternal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with offspring congenital heart defects (CHDs). In this case–control study, we collected data on 749 fetuses with CHDs and 880 fetuses without any congenital anomalies to examine the association of maternal ETS with fetal CHDs and the potentially moderating effect by maternal hazardous and noxious substances (HNS), periconceptional folate intake and paternal smoking. Maternal exposure to ETS in first trimester was associated with increased risk of CHDs in a dose–response gradient, with the AORs (95% CI) were1.38 (1.00–1.92), 1.60 (1.07–2.41), and 4.94 (2.43–10.05) for ETS < 1 h/day, 1–2 h/day, and ≥ 2 h/day, respectively. With the doubly unexposed group as reference categories, AORs for maternal ETS exposure ≥ 2 h/day in the absence of folate intake, in the presence of HNS exposure or paternal smoking, were 7.21, 11.43, and 8.83, respectively. Significant additive interaction between ETS exposure and maternal folate intake on CHDs was detected. Maternal ETS exposure during first trimester may increase the risk of offspring CHDs in a dose–response shape, and such effect may be modified by maternal folate intake or other potential factors.
Lack of adducin impairs the stability of endothelial adherens and tight junctions and may be required for cAMP-Rac1-mediated endothelial barrier stabilization
Authors: Moztarzadeh Sina , Radeva Mariya Y. , Sepic Sara , Schuster Katharina , Hamad Ibrahim , Waschke Jens , García-Ponce Alexander
Published: September 2022

Adducin (Add) is an actin binding protein participating in the stabilization of actin/spectrin networks, epithelial junctional turnover and cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension. Recently, we demonstrated that Add is required for adherens junctions (AJ) integrity. Here we hypothesized that Add regulates tight junctions (TJ) as well and may play a role in cAMP-mediated barrier enhancement. We evaluated the role of Add in MyEnd cells isolated from WT and Add-Knock-Out (KO) mice. Our results indicate that the lack of Add drastically alters the junctional localization and protein levels of major AJ and TJ components, including VE-Cadherin and claudin-5. We also showed that cAMP signaling induced by treatment with forskolin and rolipram (F/R) enhances the barrier integrity of WT but not Add-KO cells. The latter showed no junctional reorganization upon cAMP increase. The absence of Add also led to higher protein levels of the small GTPases Rac1 and RhoA. In vehicle-treated cells the activation level of Rac1 did not differ significantly when WT and Add-KO cells were compared. However, the lack of Add led to increased activity of RhoA. Moreover, F/R treatment triggered Rac1 activation only in WT cells. The function of Rac1 and RhoA per se was unaffected by the total ablation of Add, since direct activation with CN04 was still possible in both cell lines and led to improved endothelial barrier function. In the current study, we demonstrate that Add is required for the maintenance of endothelial barrier by regulating both AJ and TJ. Our data show that Add may act upstream of Rac1 as it is necessary for its activation via cAMP.