bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient hamburger-like nanostructure of a triadic Ag/Co3O4/BiVO4 photoanode for enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Gao Xintong , Bai Zhiqun , Zhang Shuai , Liu Jingchao , Li Zenghe
Published: December 2020

A novel hamburger-like nanostructure of a triadic photoanode Ag/Co3O4/BiVO4 was designed to enhance photoelectrochemical water splitting, providing a fascinating pathway to efficiently improve the PEC conversion efficiency.
A new strategy for synthesizing silver doped mesoporous bioactive glass fibers and their bioactivity, antibacterial activity and drug loading performance
Authors: Qin Xiang , Cao Rong , Zheng Jingjing , Shi Guojun , Ji Lijun , Zhu Aiping , Yao Hang
Published: December 2020

A new strategy for preparing mesoporous metal-doped bioactive glass fibers.
Oxygen defect engineering for the Li-rich cathode material Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2−δ
Authors: Nakamura Takashi , Ohta Kento , Hou Xueyan , Kimura Yuta , Tsuruta Kazuki , Tamenori Yusuke , Aso Ryotaro , Yoshida Hideto , Amezawa Koji
Published: December 2020

The oxygen vacancy containing Li-rich cathode Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2−δ showed excellent energy density retention.
The impact of hydrogen valence on its bonding and transport in molten fluoride salts
Authors: Lam Stephen T. , Li Qing-Jie , Mailoa Jonathan , Forsberg Charles , Ballinger Ronald , Li Ju
Published: December 2020

In molten fluoride salt systems, the chemistry and transport of hydrogen are coupled to its valence state, which controls the balance of tritium leakage and corrosion.
Oxygen-induced defect-healing and photo-brightening of halide perovskite semiconductors: science and application
Authors: Huang Like , Ge Ziyi , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhu Yuejin
Published: December 2020

The advancement of physical/chemical insights into oxygen induced defect passivation and the associated photo-brightening in the emerging metal halide perovskite semiconductors towards various optoelectronic applications is summarized.
A quantum dynamics study of the hyperfluorescence mechanism
Authors: Giret Yvelin , Eng Julien , Pope Thomas , Penfold Thomas
Published: December 2020

Triplet state harvesting using thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) combined with efficient Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) is studied using quantum dynamics to understand the key properties controlling the hyperfluorescence mechanism in 4th generation organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
Improved thermoelectric transport properties of Ge4Se3Te through dimensionality reduction
Authors: Huang H. H. , Fan Xiaofeng , Zheng W. T. , Singh David J.
Published: December 2020

With high power factor and low lattice thermal conductivity, the Ge4Se3Te monolayer is expected to have high thermoelectric performance.
The monitoring system of hazardous technological objects based on unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Zoev Ivan , Markov Nikolai , Ryzhova Svetlana
Published: December 2020

The paper describes the system for monitoring of hazardous technological objects, which based on unmanned aerial vehicles. The feature of the system is the using of the intelligent computer vision subsystem in which hardware-implemented a convolutional neural network based on a system-on-a-chip. This subsystem recognizes objects of the earth’s surface and made decision about incidents at the monitoring area in real time. It also has service-oriented software architecture for ground- based system components. The paper presents results of the research of the required resources of a field-programmable gate array for implementation of error-correction encoder-decode based-on-board.
Influence of atmospheric conditions on the power production of utility-scale wind turbines in yaw misalignment
Authors: Howland Michael F. , González Carlos Moral , Martínez Juan José Pena , Quesada Jesús Bas , Larrañaga Felipe Palou , Yadav Neeraj K. , Chawla Jasvipul S. , Dabiri John O.
Published: December 2020

The intentional yaw misalignment of leading, upwind turbines in a wind farm, termed wake steering, has demonstrated potential as a collective control approach for wind farm power maximization. The optimal control strategy and the resulting effect of wake steering on wind farm power production are in part dictated by the power degradation of the upwind yaw misaligned wind turbines. In the atmospheric boundary layer, the wind speed and direction may vary significantly over the wind turbine rotor area, depending on atmospheric conditions and stability, resulting in freestream turbine power production which is asymmetric as a function of the direction of yaw misalignment and which varies during the diurnal cycle. In this study, we propose a model for the power production of a wind turbine in yaw misalignment based on aerodynamic blade elements, which incorporates the effects of wind speed and direction changes over the turbine rotor area in yaw misalignment. The proposed model can be used for the modeling of the angular velocity, aerodynamic torque, and power production of an arbitrary yaw misaligned wind turbine based on the incident velocity profile, wind turbine aerodynamic properties, and turbine control system. A field experiment is performed using multiple utility-scale wind turbines to characterize the power production of yawed freestream operating turbines depending on the wind conditions, and the model is validated using the experimental data. The resulting power production of a yaw misaligned variable speed wind turbine depends on a nonlinear interaction between the yaw misalignment, the atmospheric conditions, and the wind turbine control system.
Wide neural networks of any depth evolve as linear models under gradient descent
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Authors: Lee Jaehoon , Xiao Lechao , Schoenholz Samuel S , Bahri Yasaman , Novak Roman , Sohl-Dickstein Jascha , Pennington Jeffrey
Published: December 2020

A longstanding goal in deep learning research has been to precisely characterize training and generalization. However, the often complex loss landscapes of neural networks (NNs) have made a theory of learning dynamics elusive. In this work, we show that for wide NNs the learning dynamics simplify considerably and that, in the infinite width limit, they are governed by a linear model obtained from the first-order Taylor expansion of the network around its initial parameters. Furthermore, mirroring the correspondence between wide Bayesian NNs and Gaussian processes (GPs), gradient-based training of wide NNs with a squared loss produces test set predictions drawn from a GP with a particular compositional kernel. While these theoretical results are only exact in the infinite width limit, we nevertheless find excellent empirical agreement between the predictions of the original network and those of the linearized version even for finite practically-sized networks. This agreement is robust across different architectures, optimization methods, and loss functions.
Composition analysis during the fermentation of dessert wine
Authors: Xu J
Published: December 2020

The organic acid, tannin, ethanol, methanol and other components in sweet wine are important factors that affect the taste and flavour of sweet wine, and are also indicators for exploring the winemaking process and controlling the quality of products. This study primarily used ion chromatography to study the changes of acids in the winemaking process. Besides, this work also measures the proportion of other compositions including Soluble Solids, Ethanol and pH value by designing orthogonal test. The experimental result shows that the physicochemical indexes of Passito wine are 20.5° Brix, with a total acid content of 6.83 g / L . The alcohol content of the original wine is 12.0% vol, and the pH value is 3.42. It provides a reference for the control of various components such as organic acids and the supervision of wine during the winemaking process. To open up new channels for the development of other fresh fruit dessert wine brewing technology, it is of scientific and practical significance to optimize the fermentation conditions of dessert wine and improve the processing technology.
The effects of Portulaca oleracea L. on blood and egg lipid in Dongxiang dark chickens
Authors: Wang C , Feng X B , Liu Q , Zhang S Y , Hu R Q , Wan Y M , Huang J H
Published: December 2020

In this study, the effects of Portulaca oleracea L. on blood and egg lipid of Dongxiang dark chickens was investigated. Forty-eight Dongxiang dark chickens with good physical condition and peak of egg production were selected. They were divided into four treatments, three replicates for each treatment with four chickens per replicate according to the principle of body weight and the number of eggs produced. Four diets adding Portulaca oleracea L. of different dose with 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% were fed for 35d, respectively. Eggs were collected from 25d until the end of the experiment, and venous blood was collected on 35d. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) in serum and cholesterol content in eggs with adding 2% Portulaca oleracea L. was significantly lower than those in the control (0%) while docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content was significantly higher than the control (P<0.05). The contents of TC, TG and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in serum of 3% Portulaca oleracea L. was significantly lower than the control, while high density lipoprotein (HDL) and linolenic acid and DHA in eggs was significantly higher than the control (P <0.05). In addition, the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content in eggs with Portulaca oleracea L. was significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.05). Therefore, the addition of suitable Portulaca oleracea L. in the diet could change the lipid content in serum and eggs of laying hens.
“KAALAMAN”: Development of farmer’s rice doctor kiosk for increase production
Authors: Muñoz R C , Valdez W G , Muñoz M I , Arnoco M P , Avito A C , Baloro V B , Barrientos J N , Gervacio M T , Hipolito R E , Rodrigo S P , Salenga C R , Sanchez H P , Zulueta C G
Published: December 2020

Rice is the major source of food here in the Philippines but pests and diseases damaging the crops leave with a lesser quality harvest. The nutrient such as Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) contents of the soil is also important as to its right amount. The study is a point-of-service kiosk helping farmers avoid inaccurate leaf color reading. This benefitted all farmers in the province of Bataan and the region where most of the living is obtained from agricultural farms. This is a technological solution to the quality of crops before harvest by analyzing (N) level of deficiency. Here, farmers get close to the accurate quantified level of deficiency and recommend a substantial amount of fertilizer. It implements an RGB color mapping technique in pest and disease identification and Chi-squared distance comparison on RGB histogram in the image detection. Testing and calibration were done by comparing the sample data to standard laboratory results that show a detection accuracy of at least 95%. The production yield of the crops shall improve while decreasing the production cost. This serves as a virtual agricultural technician (VAT) accessible to the farmers. Information is available via internet connectivity with response good enough providing quick answers to queries.
Characteristics of land for development of sorghum (sorghum bicholor L.) As a supplement due to outbreak of Covid-19 on sub optimal land in Padang Laweh West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Juniarti  , Yusniwati  , Gunadi  , Agustar A
Published: December 2020

Sorghum is a dry land food crop that has great potential developed in Indonesia. The results proved that sorghum is the most appropriate crop of choice in an effort to increase the productivity of dry land that is acid, empty land or other non-productive land such as mining land that has been done by PT. Semen Tonasa in 2012.While Juniarti in 2009- 2011 has been planting sorghum on the soil of Andisol, Entisol and Regosol in two seasons; winter and summer at Shobara, Hiroshima Perfecture Japan. The planted sorghum can produce biomass that can be utilized as an energy source used for the cultivation of strawberries in greenhouses and the utilization of energy in the household scope of Shobara-Hiroshima. The development of sorghum, the land productivity will be increased and support the development of sustainable agriculture and the increased of Indonesian food production. Through the research collaboration that has been done with PT. Agro Indah Permata 21 since 2015 has been planting sorghum in Padang Laweh, Koto VII District Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatera Indonesia with planting area of proximate 8 T/Ha and has produced production of 10 T/Ha of wheat seeds. The results of planting sorghum that has been done to produce sorghum seed products that have been processed into flour and sugar products from the stem of sorghum as a supplement due to outbreak of COVID-19. By evaluating land characteristics appropriate for the development of sorghum plants, in Padang Laweh, West Sumatra Indonesia.
Estimation of Drought Indices for Assessing the Impact of Climatic Variables on Groundwater Fluctuation over Upper Bhima Sub Basin
Authors: Jipkate A B , Londhe D S , Katpatal Y B
Published: December 2020

Groundwater is an essential part of the hydrological cycle. The ultimate source of the groundwater is precipitation that occurs over the surface of the earth. Stress condition in groundwater reflects the vulnerability of drought events. In areas with ample soil moisture and without irrigation facilities, groundwater abstraction eventually leads to a decrease in agricultural yield. For the assessment of groundwater fluctuations, hydrological drought indices play a significant role in drought conditions. In Upper Bhima sub-basin, maximum area is under scarcity zone and partly under assured rainfall zone (Western part) and partly in transition zone I & II (Western part) with average annual rainfall of 690 mm. In the present study, standardized precipitation index (SPI), standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) and standardized water level index (SWI) is used to assess meteorological and hydrological drought conditions respectively. As SWI reflects aquifer stress, it is also used to understand groundwater decline and recharge in the present study region. SPI and SPEI are estimated by using precipitation and temperature data for yearly aggregated time scale, while SWI is obtained by normalising groundwater level data. Precipitation and temperature data are obtained from gridded reanalysis data product of NCEP – CFSR (spatial resolution approx. 38 km) for the period of 2002-2014. Groundwater level data is obtained from Central Ground Water Board for the period of 2002-2016. Spatio-temporal map of SPI, SPEI and SWI has been generated. No direct linear relationship has been observed between SPI and SWI; and between rainfall and SWI over the region. Hence, topography, aquifer properties, soil type and lithology may affect groundwater fluctuation in the region.
Impact of anthropogenic activities on groundwater quality and quantity in Raipur City, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Khan R , Indhulekha K , Mawale Y K , Dewangan Rakesh , Shekhar Shubhedu , Dwivedi C S , Singh Vikal K , Jhariya D C
Published: December 2020

In the present study area, anthropogenic activities such as overexploitation of groundwater, improper disposal of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), rapid industrialization, urbanization, and chemical fertilizer use are led to groundwater resource to depletion and quality degradation. Due to the imbalance between demand and availability, management approaches groundwater quality and quantity adversely affected. To assess the effects of LULC change in groundwater quality, Nitrate was considered. Land use Land cover (LULC) map of 1999 and 2016 and groundwater quality data of 1999 and 2016 revealed that groundwater quality is highly affected in the settlement area due to anthropogenic activities. There is no earmarked site in the Raipur city for the dumping of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Hence, to minimize the existing groundwater problem, there is a need to adopt proper remedial measures to improve groundwater quality and quantity.
Delineation of groundwater potential zones in Samoda watershed, Chhattisgarh India, using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques
Authors: Indhulekha K , Jhariya D C
Published: December 2020

The availability of resources and its demand made people select suitable places for the population’s growth. Rapid growth in population and urbanization lead to exploitation of the groundwater and its quantity. The Samoda watershed in the Durg District of Chhattisgarh state is also a growing urban area. It is essential to consider the existing groundwater scenario of the city and industrial area of Samoda watershed for the safe consumption, management, and also need to identify the groundwater prospect zones for further groundwater exploration. This can be easily done cost-effectively with the help of remote sensing and Geographical Information system (GIS) by integrating the different factors that support groundwater availability. This study carried out by the integration of data sets and maps such as satellite imagery, drainage, groundwater level, rainfall, land use land cover, slope, and existing maps of as geology, soil type, for the delineation of the groundwater prospect zone by the application of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Multi-Criteria Decision Making method. The groundwater potential zones that are delineated from integrating each factor are categorized into five different zones: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high.
Removal of fluoride using bagasse adsorbent: Process optimization using response surface methodology
Authors: Chandraker Neeraj , Singh Thakur Raghwendra , Meshram Saurabh , Kumar Chaudhari Parmesh
Published: December 2020

The high fluoride (F-) content in drinking water is highly hazardous to human health. Bagasse is a solid waste generated in the cane-based sugar industry. It can be used to get energy after firing in boilers or used to produce activated charcoal. The activated carbon is used as an adsorbent material to remove pollutants from water. In the present study, the activated carbon prepared from bagasse was used to remove F-contain in water. Batch adsorption studies were performed to examine the effect of temperature (T), treatment time (tR), and initial fluoride concentration (Fi-) on F- removal. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to generate a mathematical model and for the optimization of parameters. The optimum operating condition was evaluated to be T = 26 oC, treatment time (tR) = 3.5 h, and Fi- = 25.14 mg/L, at which F-concentration in solution after treatment reached to 0.8 mg/L. The predicted values of F- in the solution obtained from the quadratic model were found to be well-matched with the experimental data. The model gave significant coefficients of determination R2 = 99.61%, R2 (adjusted) = 99.11%, and R2(predicted) = 97.71%, which shows that the model developed from RSM is highly accurate and well represents the process with its process parameters.
Ganga River: A Paradox of Purity and Pollution in India due to Unethical Practice
Authors: Jhariya D C , Kumar Tiwari Anoop
Published: December 2020

In India, the river Ganga is believed as a goddess, and people worship it. Despite all the respect for the river, the river’s condition is worsening, and we Indians are unable to maintain the purity of the river. The Ganga is a river of faith, devotion, and worship. Indians accept its water as “holy,” which is known for its “curative” properties. The river is not limited to these beliefs but is also a significant water source, working as the life-supporting system for Indians since ancient times. The Ganga river and its tributaries come from cold, Himalayan-glacier-fed springs, which are pure and unpolluted. But when the river flows downgradient, it meets the highly populated cities before merging into the Bay of Bengal. From its origin to its fall, its water changes from crystal clear to trash-and sewage-infested sludge. Thousands of years passed since the river Ganga, and its tributaries provide substantial, divine, and cultural nourishment to millions of people living in the basin. Nowadays, with the increasing urbanization, the Ganges basin sustains more than 40 percent of the population. Due to the significant contribution of the growing population and rapid industrialization along its banks, river Ganga has reached an alarming pollution level.
Iron Oxide Cu-Au (IOCG) Mineralizing Systems: The Eastern Yakutia (Russia) Perspective
Authors: Kostin Aleksey
Published: December 2020

Iron-Oxide-Copper-Gold (IOCG) are the worldwide economically attractive deposits with significant amount of iron oxides, copper minerals, gold and ± silver and REE. In order to obtain more gold resources in Eastern Yakutia (Russia) we provide a descriptive model for IOCG style mineralization for several new prospective sites, which were initially discovered on satellite images and subsequently certified by prospecting. We allocate three basic Fe-oxide-Cu-Au deposit styles in Eastern Yakutia. First is related to Mesozoic hypabyssal intrusions of granodiorites (Kis-Kuel, Kysyltas and Rep-Yure deposits). As follows from the REE behavior in magmatic rocks, the fractionation of the magmatic melt during cooling was extremely insignificant. Due to this, a substantial part of the iron did not fractionate into high-iron melts, and separated into hydrothermal solutions with rich iron oxide mineralization. Second is related to flows of the basaltic and andesitic lavas of the upper Devonian – lower Carboniferous age (Khurat, Rosomakha and Jalkan deposits). Significant accumulations of hematite with copper and gold are associated with calc-alkaline basalts. The appearance of iron oxides in basaltic lavas is a result of decomposition of ilmenite into hematite and pseudorutile. Third style belongs to magnetite rich lavas of upper Jurassic age (Kildyam deposit). Variolithic lava flows saturated with native iron, magnetite, troilite and pyrite, native iron usually spherical in shape. Intrusion related ore bodies are irregular shaped breccias with arrays of variably mineralized veins and veinlets inside intrusives and veins in the host rocks. Associated with basaltic and andesitic lavas deposits occur as massive, tabular bodies, stratified, pyroclastic ores. The gold grade in IOCG ore varies from less than 1 to more than 50 g/t, base metals are optional. Differences in gold’ fineness and admixtures characterize the genetic features of ore formation and is represented by a system of alloys: Au-Ag, Au-Ag-Cu and Au-Fe-Pd. Discovered iron-oxide copper gold mineralization in Eastern Yakutia analogous to several World class deposit types. Related to Mesozoic hypabyssal intrusions of granodiorites Kis-Kuel, Kysyltas and Rep-Yure deposits are close to Olympic Dam type. IOCG mineralization in basaltic and andesitic lavas of the Khurat, Rosomakha and Jalkan deposits looks similar to deposits of the Mount-Isa region (Eastern North-West Queensland, Australia). The Kildyam deposit rich iron-oxide ore bodies resemble lava flows and have share many common features with El Laco deposit in High Andes.
Tectonic and sedimentary deformational structures within the first Mid-Polish lignite seam – Konin Basin, central Poland
Authors: Wachocki Robert , Chomiak Lilianna , Widera Marek
Published: December 2020

This paper focuses on deformational structures seen at macro and mesoscales within the first Mid-Polish lignite seam (MPLS-1) currently exploited by the Konin Lignite Mine. In fact, the majority of examples presented herein come from the Jóźwin IIB and Tomisławice opencasts. The deformations are divided into two groups; they are tectonic and sedimentary ones. The first group includes deformations of the floor, faults, cleats, and seismically-induced structures such as breccia and deformed lamination. The second group covers compactionally-induced deformations of MPLS-1 roof, sedimentary breccia, and slumps. All these deformations are described and then briefly interpreted in this paper. Although in a few cases in the formation of sedimentary deformations, the contribution of the tectonic factor as a trigger mechanism seems obvious. This is supported by the fact that the mentioned lignite seam is mined in the areas of grabens that were tectonically active during the development of the Mid-Miocene mires in the Konin Basin.
Detection and Measurement of Cracks in Rock Massifs by Means of Ground Laser Scanning
Authors: Stereva Kremena
Published: December 2020

The analysis of the cracking of the rock massifs is an important stage in the process of their characterization, as this largely determines their mechanical behavior. This is the main reason the mining engineers, who are angaged with the analysis of rock massifs, to require a most detailed and reliable study of the cracks that have arisen in them. Metric characteristics, such as the direction and angle of collapse of the cracks, roughness and average distances between the individual cracks, are extremely important for the study of the structural disturbance of the massif. In the process of the metrics forming of these characteristics, a few of methods of measurement and graphical representation, different in nature and technological features, have become necessary. Through these traditional methods, it is very often not possible to obtain adequate quantitative data for the complete geomechanical characteristics of the rock mass and for the analysis of the mechanisms for its instability. Here, the effectiveness of the ground laser scanning in the study of the structural disturbance (direction and angle of decay of the cracks) and the area cracking coefficient of the rock mass has been experimentally proved. Through this technology the research of the structural disturbance of the rock massifs acquires new quantitative and qualitative dimensions. On the basis of an extremely detailed 3D model, even of hard-to-reach sections of the rock massif, a realistic clustering of cracks and prerequisites for adequate determination of the area cracking coefficient of the massif are created. Moreover, ground-based laser scanning data are an indisputable source of valuable information about rock surface roughness. For an object of the experiment, was selected part of a rock massif, which has well-developed, clearly visible cracks. The scan was performed, using a ground-based laser scanner “Scan Station 2” of the company “Leica”.
Mechanism of Processes Stimulated by Ultraviolet Radiation
Authors: Kushitashvili Zurab , Bibilashvili Amiran
Published: December 2020

Modern technologies for creating integrated circuit elements offer many innovations, both in terms of the technological cycle and the introduction of new technologies. Stimulated processes in this regard and their mechanism require a thorough study in order to further improve the technology and the parameters of the micro and nano devices made on their basis. We have studied the processes stimulated by ultraviolet radiation, such as Stimulated Plasma Anodizing and Stimulated Magnetron Sputtering. In the study of stimulated mechanism should be considered processes which are going on with ultraviolet irradiation on the sample and plasma. In these processes, the UV light effects on the plasma, on the surface of the synthesized material, its volume, and the interface area of the material. In particular, in the case of plasma anodizing, UV radiation: 1) produces ozone in the plasma that is much more active than oxygen ion. 2) Ionizes interface area of Plasma-oxide, producing additional current carriers, and 3) transferring electrons from the oxidized material bond zone to the anti-bond zone, thereby weakening the bond strength between the oxide atoms. Because of these effects, the process of mixing anions and cations is facilitated and, consequently, the oxygen diffusion coefficient is increased and the oxidation process is accelerated. At the oxide-semiconductor interface happens roasting existing charge trapping levels, which reduces the concentration of charge carriers and improves the oxide parameters. The same processes are observed in the case of Magnetron Sputtering. In the deposited layer excites mechanical tensions and it can be removed by UV irradiation in the same way as in the case of plasma anodizing.
UHPHT Glasses in Bottom Suevite Facies (Ust`-Kara, Arctic Ocean, Russia)
Authors: Shumilova Tatyana , Isaenko Sergey , Maximenko Nadezhda , Zubov Alexandr
Published: December 2020

Amorphous substances, including glasses, are very important kind of value materials for numerous applications. Among the glasses the impact matter has especially high fundamental interest and use potential, being formed under extremely high PT conditions - up to hundreds GPa and thousands degrees Celsius. In this direction the detail studies of new natural occurrences with UHPHT impact glasses and their features are very actual fundamentally and probably potentially useful for new ideas for technologies. Our analytical studies of the UHPHT ribbonlike impact glasses of the Ust`-Kara area at the Baydarata Bay (Kara Sea, Arctic Ocean) revealed the presence a number of special features such as multilevel differentiation of impact melt and coesite abundance. The specifics of the Ust`-Kara UHPHT glasses rather point to bottom facies of the suevitic breccia. The observed impactites characteristics allow to see new geological importance of the studied Ust`-Kara suevites, allow to correct geological model of the impact structure.
3D Modeling of Suevite Massifs with UHPHT Glasses at the Kara Astrobleme and the Ust`-Kara Area (Pay-Khoy, Kara seashore, Arctic, Russia)
Authors: Shumilova Tatyana , Isaenko Sergey , Zubov Alexandr
Published: December 2020

The unusual natural ultrahigh pressure high temperature (UHPHT) impact glasses have been discovered at the Southern part of the Kara astrobleme (Pay-Khoy, Russia) in 2015. The glasses form a complex of stockwork-like system of thin vein bodies set within suevite breccia at the right bank of the Kara river. The Kara glasses have many specific features pointing to UHPHT origin. For better understanding of the geological position of the UHPHT impact glasses we have provided additional field observation with the use of copter facility to observe the outcrops from the «air-bird high» and collecting data for 3D modeling. Here we present natural topological details for the more complete analysis of the discovered UHPHT complex at the Kara River (Pay-Khoy, Russia) and “bottom flow” suevites with UHPHT impact ribbon-like glasses on the Baydarata Bay shore (Kara Sea, Arctic, Russia).
Structure Response Analysis of the Seismic Isolated Buildings in Bucharest City
Authors: Balan Stefan Florin , Tiganescu Alexandru , Apostol Bogdan Felix
Published: December 2020

The paper intends to evaluate and analyze the accelerometric data recorded on certain buildings located in the Bucharest metropolitan area, one of the most exposed in Europe, with three strong earthquakes with magnitude MW>7 in the last century. Starting from information comprised by databases for soils and buildings existing in Bucharest, certain types of structures were selected, according to their specificity (old buildings, retrofitted, etc.) and being continuously seismic monitored. The selected three buildings are equipped with seismic isolators and viscous dampers. The response of these structures, at the ground level, subjected to medium intensity earthquakes will be discussed in terms of peak accelerations and spectral accelerations. Based on the currently accepted standpoint that the dynamic response of certain structures subjected to earthquakes is strongly dependent of the ratio between the natural period of the structure and the dominant period at the construction site, a comparative analysis against free-field data is presented. There would be presented the improvement of seismic response of isolated buildings in Bucharest and the reason these buildings were protected choosing this method. The aim is to provide warnings regarding the severity of seismic events, by means of characteristics of the ground motion, gathered from the response spectra, which may be given soon after the seismic event took place. All the data recorded on instrumented structures during two seismic events (MW = 5.5 and MW = 4.8), together with the subsequent analysis, can represent a reference study for future earthquakes with similar magnitude. The integration of near-realtime seismology with performance-based earthquake engineering allows for providing the information useful for earthquake engineers and decision makers and can enhance the mitigation of seismic risk.
Spatial Planning System: A Comparative Analysis East-Timor/Portugal
Authors: Santos Ana , Virtudes Ana
Published: December 2020

Each country has its own spatial planning system comprising a set of instruments and goals focused on the cities issues and territorial development. After a period of administration by the United Nations, on 20 May 2002 East-Timor, officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, became one of the youngest nations in the 21st century, having become a democratic rule of law. To promote the development of its territorial cohesion, on April 19, 2017, the Basic Law on Spatial Planning was approved in this island country in Southeast Asia. It intends to translate a set of principles contained in the National Constitution that could manage the praxis of spatial planning, focused on cities and territorial improvements. Consequently, there is a framework establishing the basis of public policies for this country whose primary objective is to accomplish the territorial quality, regarding the collective culture that integrates the values of the local culture. Given that East-Timor was part of Portugal until 1975, there is still a strong identity between both countries, sharing not only the same language but also several other aspects of culture, politics, and administrative organization. In this sense, this article aims to present a comparative analysis between spatial planning systems in East-Timor and Portugal, in order to find common features and particular aspects. Among the conclusions, this research shows that the land-use bases in East-Timor are similar to the Portuguese system, although it has fewer levels of intervention regarding the public administration framework. In East Timor, there are only spatial planning figures for national and municipal level, with no regional nor inter-municipal levels such as in Portugal.
East Timor: Steps Towards a Sustainable Urban Development
Authors: Santos Ana , Virtudes Ana
Published: December 2020

The recognized importance of the role of cities for the overall quality of life of citizens involves the preservation of the identity of the places without restricting the capacity to respond to the future requirements of societies and their territories. The current century has been pressing for the urgency of providing adequate urban policies to cities, particularly in developing countries, as is the case with East-Timor. Despite its recent independence, East-Timor doesn’t lose its time and the country has been focused in the definition of territorial policies and development strategies, in order to promote territorial cohesion and to specifically define the purposes and the fundamental principles that guarantee equal opportunities for all citizens in access to infrastructures, equipment and urban functions. Therefore, on April 19, 2017, the Basic Law on Spatial Planning was approved by the National Assembly. Efficient public territorial management and organization is only possible with detailed knowledge of the use of its entire territory. Administrative political decisions related to the territory happen more efficiently with the existence of this knowledge. Consequently, the present National Law for Spatial Planning issues provides for the existence of two major types of planning and territorial organization instruments: those of national scope and those of municipal or local scope. A set of several spatial planning instruments are proved to be imperative, for outlining strategic objectives for future interventions in this territory, achieving a territorial, social, economic, and sustainable development. The conclusions show that these objectives towards urban development will be supported by strategies that in turn will be materialized in actions that will enable the public sector individually or in partnership with privates. The main goal is to promote the transformation of the territory and that in a concerted and programmed manner contribute to a harmonious social and economic development supported by a fair and balanced load capacity of the natural environment.
The research results of cleaning air stream process from aerosol particles in electric fields of corona discharge stream form
Authors: Muzafarov Sh M , Balitskiy V E , Toqaev B K , Batirova L A , Isakov A
Published: December 2020

In article the method and results of experimental researches of electrode scheme parameters is given “Potentional plane with corona’s needles – landed plane (earthed)”. The parameters of electrode scheme is determined for distance between electrodes which equal for 0,05 m, 0,1m and 0,15v determined on the basis of these researches the electrode scheme parameters is checked on the basis of experimental researches, process of catching dust particles from air stream. Method and the results of these researches the best correlation of electrode scheme parameters in the best degree of cleaning air is determined. Difference of distance between needles in line, which situated perpendicularly to stream of cleaning air, and between needle’s lines is defined.
An overview of hydrogen-rich gas production from biomass by using thermal technologies
Authors: Kaskun S
Published: December 2020

Studies on the production of hydrogen energy are at the forefront of reducing the dependence on fossil fuel energy. This work is a brief summary of hydrogen production systems especially in a supercritical water environment. Hydrogen production by the gasification of organic wastes in a supercritical water environment has been preferred more than other methods in recent years. In this study, the common biomass resources used for the hydrogen production have been explored, evaluating their properties. Moreover, catalysts which are used for the gasification of biomass have been presented in-details. Therefore, a review of hydrogen production system by supercritical water gasification is summarized with the remarkable features.
Validity of measurements for use in assessment of the state of the electric power system
Authors: Khalilov A , Mirzaev A
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes the possibilities of using the method of nonlinear equations to detect gross errors in the effective values of measurements when assessing the state of the power system. On the example of the 18-node test circuit of the Eastern part of the power system of Uzbekistan, the simulation of the actual measurement values was carried out, on the basis of which nonlinear equations were formed, the valid measurements were verified, the analysis of the possibility of detecting gross errors by the obtained nonlinear equations was carried out.
Analysis of processes in the supply chain of ozone generator by sinusoidal and pulse voltage
Authors: Muzafarov Sh M , Batirova L A , Babaev A G , Kilichov O G , Balitskiy V E
Published: December 2020

Based on an analysis of the processes in the supply circuit of ozone generators with periodic sinusoidal and pulsed voltages of high duty cycle, it is revealed that when powered by a sinusoidal voltage, a significant part of the energy consumed is spent on heat loss. Only in a small part of the sinusoidal voltage, namely in the zone of reaching the amplitude value, a barrier discharge occurs with the generation of ozone. Therefore, the efficiency ozone generators at sinusoidal voltage do not exceed 2%. When powered by a pulsed voltage, ozone generation occurs almost during the application of the entire voltage pulse; in addition, ozone generation also occurs in the pause between pulses, due to oscillatory processes in the pause between pulses. In addition to a significant increase in ozone yield, there is practically no process of heating the dielectric barrier.
Results of using the hydro-impact method of water lifting from watercourses
Authors: Yussupov Zh E , Yakovlev A A , Sarkynov E S , Zulpykharov B A
Published: December 2020

The developed new types of hydraulic RAM pumping units with a drive from an energy-saving and environmentally friendly water source of energy in watercourses, their design and technological schemes for water lifting from watercourses for irrigation of pastures and land plots, a brief device, operating principle, novelty, distinctive features and advantages in comparison with analogues are considered. The following research methods were used: patent method with a review of works, theoretical and experimental. The theoretical prerequisites of the hydro-impact method of water lifting to determine the dependencies: supply, pressure and efficiency ratio of the total water flow and experimental studies to confirm the reliability of the proposed formulas are given. Positive results of laboratory tests and economic verification of two developed variants of hydraulic RAM pumping units are given. Research results have shown that the proposed hydro-RAM pumping units have significant advantages over their analogues: increase in feed by 1.8-3.5 times and efficiency by 1.9 times.
Optimization of electrical networks modes by transformer ratios
Authors: Gayibov T , Latipov Sh , Abdurashidov D
Published: December 2020

The problem of optimization the modes of electrical networks pro- vides determination the optimal values of reactive power of sources, voltages of reference nodes and transformation ratios of controlled transformers. At pre- sent, methods and algorithms for optimization of reactive power and node volt- ages are sufficiently developed. However, the development of new efficient optimization algorithms of transformation ratios remains as a important topic. In this case, the issues of optimization of transformation ratios of transformers included in closed networks have a particular importance. This paper provides an effective algorithm for optimization the modes of electrical networks on transformation ratios of controlled transformers. The results of research of its efficiency in the presence of transformers with phase-rotary and longitudinal control in the circuit are presented. It is shown that minimization of losses in closed electrical networks when optimizing transformation ratios occurs due to the rational distribution of power flows in the branches.
Smart Fuel Station Controlling System
Authors: Khan F Sh , Hossen M Sh , Islam N , Kosar Md , Hasan M R
Published: December 2020

The prime outcome of the research is to design a smart fuel bunk system and fuel dispensing system by using RFID technology. It combined with secure payment and exit gate control. Here, in the Microcontroller, 4×4 matrix keypad, LCD, RFID reader and GSM module has included for secure payment system and transaction confirmation. After getting command from the microcontroller, the relay has controlled by the pump motor. Besides, this motor has operated for oil supply in a dispenser. Subsequently, Servo motor, photodiode, and IR sensor have used to control the exit gate. As a result, the exit gate control has provided secure bill payment. So, reducing the misuse of the fuel, time, and the employer is good merit of the system. Therefore, this fuel station becomes smarter.
Modeling of heat exchange processes in the Metanetka bioenergy plant for individual use
Authors: Sharipov L A , Imomov Sh J , Majitov J A , Komilov O S , Sharipov M Z , Pulatova F , Abdisamatov O S
Published: December 2020

A bioenergy plant with a solar heating system for individual use has been developed and built, intended for the processing and disposal of agricultural waste of organic origin to obtain biogas and liquid high-quality organic fertilizers under conditions of anaerobic fermentation. The main features of heat transfer processes in bioreactors are considered. A mathematical model is proposed that describes these processes. The use of the resulting model will improve the control processes of reactors and comply with technological regimes
Investigation of the transient characteristics of S-diodes based on silicon compensated by vanadium
Authors: Shoyusupov Sh , Rakhmatullaev Sh , Shoyusupov Sh
Published: December 2020

To obtain more photosensitive S-diodes, silicon should be compensated for by impurities, which increase the photosensitivity of the original crystals. Diffusion of vanadium in silicon was carried out in evacuated or open quartz ampoules at a temperature of 900-1250 °C for 2-20 hours. Silicon wafers 0.5-1.0 mm thick and an alloying element of vanadium were placed in the ampoule. Usually used n-Si with ρ ~ 5 ÷ 200 Ω·sm and with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm. The concentration of deep levels introduced during diffusion was 1014 cm-3. The resistivity of silicon after diffusion increased to 103-104 Ω·sm at 300 K, and the diffusion length Ld decreased to 10-30 μm. S-diodes were made in a vacuum by melting aluminum and Au + 0.1% Sb alloy at 700 °C for 1 min. The contact area (S) is approximately 0.2 mm2, the base thickness d = 0.2-1.0 mm. Attitude d/Ld≈10 ÷ 100. Iincline ~ 1/tinclusion in a wide range of currents is linear, where Iincline> Ibre. Determined by the slope Iincline ~ 1/tinclusion the charge is Qcr = 3.52·10-9C. In this case, the average concentration of injected current carriers in the base is n = 5.44·1013 cm-3, which is in good agreement with the concentration of electroactive atoms V in Si, determined by capacitive methods. The dependence

1

V

t

−

1

V

∞

for S-diodes from n-Si  has a complex form at each temperature and is approximated by two exponents. The obtained experimental results, their analysis and conclusions on S-diodes from Si  can be used as a temperature relay, photo relay, switches and photodetectors controlled by the sensitivity current.
Role of Blockchain Technology in Digitization of Land Records in Indian Scenario
Authors: Singh P
Published: December 2020

Blockchain is a way of passing data (such as records, events, or transactions) from one party to another in a very secure way. It is an electronic record of information that requires digital security. All data stored in the blockchain is immutable; once a piece of data enters into a blockchain, it is practically impossible to alter its value. The Blockchain has changed the model from a centralized way of traditional business to the decentralized model of the blockchain, that means there it can run without any central authority. It works on Peer to Peer Model rather than Peer-Mediator-Peer. The Blockchains makes the process easier, fastest, and trustworthy to deal with businesses as it follows Peer to Peer nature Blockchain. It has become the most used business model in different industries, such as construction industries, as it is the safest, fastest, transparent, and it also is more comfortable to implement. The critical feature of the blockchain that makes it today’s most potential technologies are: decentralized, self-control, peer- to- peer relationship, fixed record and time stamping. Thus, this chapter focuses on the pivotal role and application of BlockChain technology on the digitization of land records of the Indian Scenario.