bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Lateral Displacement in Automatic Close-Range Photogrammetry
Authors: Guidi Gabriele , Shafqat Malik Umair , Micoli Laura Loredana
Published: November 2020

Based on the use of automatic photogrammetry, different researchers made evident that the level of overlap between adjacent photographs directly affects the uncertainty of the 3D dense cloud originated by the Structure from Motion/Image Matching (SfM/IM) process. The purpose of this study was to investigate if, in the case of a convergent shooting typical of close-range photogrammetry, an optimal lateral displacement of the camera for minimizing the 3D data uncertainty could be identified. We examined five different test objects made of rock, differing in terms of stone type and visual appearance. First, an accurate reference data set was generated by acquiring each object with an active range device, based on pattern projection (σz = 18 µm). Then, each object was 3D-captured with photogrammetry, using a set of images taken radially, with the camera pointing to the center of the specimen. The camera–object minimum distance was kept at 200 mm during the shooting, and the angular displacement was as small as π/60. We generated several dense clouds by sampling the original redundant sequence at angular displacements (nπ/60, n = 1, 2, … 8). Each 3D cloud was then compared with the reference, implementing an accurate scaling protocol to minimize systematic errors. The residual standard deviation of error made consistently evident a range of angular displacements among images that appear to be optimal for reducing the measurement uncertainty, independent of each specimen shape, material, and texture. Such a result provides guidance about how best to arrange the cameras’ geometry for 3D digitization of a stone cultural heritage artifact with several convergent shots. The photogrammetric tool used in the experiments was Agisoft Metashape.
Three-Dimensional Microwave Imaging: Fast and Accurate Computations with Block Resolution Algorithms
Authors: Friedrich Corentin , Bourguignon Sébastien , Idier Jérôme , Goussard Yves
Published: November 2020

This paper considers the microwave imaging reconstruction problem, based on additive penalization and gradient-based optimization. Each evaluation of the cost function and of its gradient requires the resolution of as many high-dimensional linear systems as the number of incident fields, which represents a large amount of computations. Since all such systems involve the same matrix, we propose a block inversion strategy, based on the block-biconjugate gradient stabilized (BiCGStab) algorithm, with efficient implementations specific to the microwave imaging context. Numerical experiments performed on synthetic data and on real measurements show that savings in computing time can reach a factor of two compared to the standard, sequential, BiCGStab implementation. Improvements brought by the block approach are even more important for the most difficult reconstruction problems, that is, with high-frequency illuminations and/or highly contrasted objects. The proposed reconstruction strategy is shown to achieve satisfactory estimates for objects of the Fresnel database, even on the most contrasted ones.
Separable MSE-Based Design of Two-Way Multiple-Relay Cooperative MIMO 5G Networks
Authors: Darsena Donatella , Gelli Giacinto , Iudice Ivan , Verde Francesco
Published: November 2020

While the combination of multi-antenna and relaying techniques has been extensively studied for Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, it is expected to still play an important role in 5th Generation (5G) networks. However, the expected benefits of these technologies cannot be achieved without a proper system design. In this paper, we consider the problem of jointly optimizing terminal precoders/decoders and relay forwarding matrices on the basis of the sum mean square error (MSE) criterion in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) two-way relay systems, where two multi-antenna nodes mutually exchange information via multi-antenna amplify-and-forward relays. This problem is nonconvex and a local optimal solution is typically found by using iterative algorithms based on alternating optimization. We show how the constrained minimization of the sum-MSE can be relaxed to obtain two separated subproblems which, under mild conditions, admit a closed-form solution. Compared to iterative approaches, the proposed design is more suited to be integrated in 5G networks, since it is computationally more convenient and its performance exhibits a better scaling in the number of relays.
The Usage of Public Transport and Impact of Satisfaction in the European Union
Authors: Minelgaitė Audronė , Dagiliūtė Renata , Liobikienė Genovaitė
Published: November 2020

The main objective of this paper was to analyse comprehensively the urban public transport usage, satisfaction levels and the satisfaction impact on usage of public transport in European Union (EU) countries. Results revealed that the usage of urban public transport in all EU countries is rather low and significantly depends on economic development level. The satisfaction levels measured as comfort and safety, ticket price, frequency and reliability and amenities at stops and stations significantly differed among EU countries as well. In a half of the EU countries, the satisfaction with ticket price and the time to the station had significant impacts on usage of urban public transport. Meanwhile, the satisfaction with reliability, public transport frequency and comfort and safety had significantly influenced urban public transport usage only in one-third of EU countries. In the majority of EU countries, women and older respondents more often tended to use urban public transport. Next to improvement of public transport service, a variety of policy measures should be applied, from awareness rising and image improvement to the review of pricing policies both of public transport and of parking fees.
Use of Incinerator Bottom Ash as a Recycled Aggregate in Contact with Nonwoven Geotextiles: Evaluation of Mechanical Damage Upon Installation
Authors: Almeida Filipe , Carneiro José Ricardo , Lopes Maria de Lurdes
Published: November 2020

The recycling and reuse of materials is crucial to reducing the amount of generated waste and the exploitation of natural resources, contributing to achieving environmental sustainability. During the incineration process of municipal solid waste, a residue known as incinerator bottom ash is generated in considerable amounts, being important the development of solutions for its valorization. In this work, three nonwoven geotextiles were submitted to mechanical damage under repeated loading tests with incinerator bottom ash and, for comparison purposes, with three natural aggregates (sand 0/4, gravel 4/8 and tout-venant) and a standard aggregate (corundum). Damage assessment was carried out by monitoring the changes that occurred in the short-term tensile and puncture behaviors of the geotextiles. Results showed that the damage induced by incinerator bottom ash on the short-term mechanical behavior of the geotextiles tended to be lower than the damage induced by the natural aggregates or by the standard aggregate. Therefore, concerning the mechanical damage caused on geotextiles, there are good prospects for the use of incinerator bottom ash as a filling material in contact with those construction materials, thereby promoting its valorization.
Symmetry Modulates the Amplitude Spectrum Slope Effect on Visual Preference
Authors: Wu Chia-Ching , Chen Chien-Chung
Published: November 2020

Within the spectrum of a natural image, the amplitude of modulation decreases with spatial frequency. The speed of such an amplitude decrease, or the amplitude spectrum slope, of an image affects the perceived aesthetic value. Additionally, a human observer would consider a symmetric image more appealing than they would an asymmetric one. We investigated how these two factors jointly affect aesthetic preferences by manipulating both the amplitude spectrum slope and the symmetric level of images to assess their effects on aesthetic preference on a 6-point Likert scale. Our results showed that the preference ratings increased with the symmetry level but had an inverted U-shaped relation to amplitude spectrum slope. In addition, a strong interaction existed between symmetry level and amplitude spectrum slope on preference rating, in that symmetry can amplify the amplitude spectrum slope’s effects. A quadratic function of the spectrum slope can describe such effects. That is, preference is an inverted U-shaped function of spectrum slope whose intercept is determined by the number of symmetry axes. The modulation depth of the quadratic function manifests the interaction between the two factors.
Efficient Classification of Environmental Sounds through Multiple Features Aggregation and Data Enhancement Techniques for Spectrogram Images
Authors: Mushtaq Zohaib , Su Shun-Feng
Published: November 2020

Over the past few years, the study of environmental sound classification (ESC) has become very popular due to the intricate nature of environmental sounds. This paper reports our study on employing various acoustic features aggregation and data enhancement approaches for the effective classification of environmental sounds. The proposed data augmentation techniques are mixtures of the reinforcement, aggregation, and combination of distinct acoustics features. These features are known as spectrogram image features (SIFs) and retrieved by different audio feature extraction techniques. All audio features used in this manuscript are categorized into two groups: one with general features and the other with Mel filter bank-based acoustic features. Two novel and innovative features based on the logarithmic scale of the Mel spectrogram (Mel), Log (Log-Mel) and Log (Log (Log-Mel)) denoted as L2M and L3M are introduced in this paper. In our study, three prevailing ESC benchmark datasets, ESC-10, ESC-50, and Urbansound8k (Us8k) are used. Most of the audio clips in these datasets are not fully acquired with sound and include silence parts. Therefore, silence trimming is implemented as one of the pre-processing techniques. The training is conducted by using the transfer learning model DenseNet-161, which is further fine-tuned with individual optimal learning rates based on the discriminative learning technique. The proposed methodologies attain state-of-the-art outcomes for all used ESC datasets, i.e., 99.22% for ESC-10, 98.52% for ESC-50, and 97.98% for Us8k. This work also considers real-time audio data to evaluate the performance and efficiency of the proposed techniques. The implemented approaches also have competitive results on real-time audio data.
Realizing the Role of Permissioned Blockchains in a Systems Engineering Lifecycle
Authors: Joannou Demetrios , Kalawsky Roy , Martínez-García Miguel , Fowler Chris , Fowler Kevin
Published: November 2020

A key requirement for an integrated digital tool chain is secure access and control of data assets. Not all stakeholders will have the same access to or control over the flow of information, some will be able to input or change data whilst others will only be able to read the data. Simply providing secure access protocols is not sufficient because copied data can quickly become disassociated and modified from its original instantiation, leading to its reuse elsewhere or later in the lifecycle but in an inappropriate way. Therefore, data management mechanisms are required that capture information about the data along with any decisions or modifications it has undergone during the course of its life, thus providing complete traceability for later validation purposes. This undertaking is essential across the systems engineering lifecycle. This pursuit involves controlling who can access and modify data within the lifecycle. This paper describes a solution to this by the introduction of blockchain technology, a relatively new technology that allows digital information to be distributed but not copied, making it an immutable set of time-stamped data managed by a network of connected systems and services. Though blockchain technology is not commonly referred to when discussing Industry 4.0, the technology’s capabilities should add value when applied in a context of data management and security within the lifecycle of a product or services and in conjunction with digital twins, big data, and IoT. This paper describes how permissioned blockchains can be implemented within a systems engineering lifecycle, providing example architecture patterns showing how data provenance can be maintained throughout.
Rapid Domoic Acid Depuration in the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus and Its Transfer from the Digestive Gland to Other Organs
Authors: Álvarez Gonzalo , Rengel José , Araya Michael , Álvarez Francisco , Pino Roberto , Uribe Eduardo , Díaz Patricio A. , Rossignoli Araceli E. , López-Rivera Américo , Blanco Juan
Published: November 2020

Domoic acid (DA), the main toxin responsible for Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning, frequently affects the marine resources of Chile and other countries across the South Pacific, thus becoming a risk for human health. One of the affected resources is the scallop Argopecten purpuratus. Even though this species has a high commercial importance in Northern Chile and Peru, the characteristics of its DA depuration are not known. In this work, the DA depuration was studied by means of two experiments: one in controlled (laboratory) and another in natural conditions. All organs of A. purpuratus depurated the toxin very quickly in both experiments. In some organs, an increase or a very small decrease of toxin was detected in the early depuration steps. Several models were used to describe this kinetics. The one that included toxin transfer between organs and independent depuration from each organ was the model that best fit the data. It seems, therefore, that the DA in this species is quickly transferred from the digestive gland to all other organs, which release it into the environment. Physiological differences in the two experiments have been shown to have some effect on the depuration from each organ but the actual reasons are still unknown.
Omics and Bioinformatics Approaches to Identify Novel Antigens for Vaccine Investigation and Development
Authors: Leitão Jorge H. , Rodríguez-Ortega Manuel J.
Published: November 2020

Despite the outstanding technological advances achieved in the last few decades, infectious diseases remain a major societal challenge. From the variolation carried out in ancient China during the 15th century to the more advanced RNA and DNA vaccines presently available, vaccines have been proven as highly effective therapeutic tools to combat various infectious diseases. Vaccine research and development is now empowered with recent advances in Omics sciences and the developments of powerful bioinformatics tools. This Special Issue has gathered a total of nine original papers, including seven research papers and two reviews, illustrating the use of Omics data and bioinformatics in the research, design and development of vaccines against pathogens and cancer. The integration of knowledge from Omics and Bioinformatics will certainly boost vaccine research and development, leading to novel therapeutic tools against new and old pathogens and cancer in the near future.
Reducing vitamin D requests in a primary care cohort: a quality improvement study
Authors: Patel Veena , Gillies Clare , Patel Prashanth , Davies Timothy , Hansdot Sajeda , Lee Virginia , Lakhani Mayur , Khunti Kamlesh , Gupta Pankaj
Published: November 2020

Background

Since 2000, vitamin D requests have increased 2–6 fold with no evidence of a corresponding improvement in the health of the population. The ease of vitamin D requesting may contribue to the rapid rise in its demand and, hence, pragmatic interventions to reduce vitamin D test ordering are warranted.

Aim

To study the effect on vitamin D requests following a redesign of the electronic forms used in primary care. In addition, any potential harms were studied and the potential cost-savings associated with the intervention were evaluated.

Design & setting

An interventional study took place within primary care across Leicestershire, England.

Method

The intervention was a redesign of the electronic laboratory request form for primary care practitioners across the county. Data were collected on vitamin D requests for a 6-month period prior to the change (October 2016 to March 2017) and the corresponding 6-month period post-intervention (October 2017 to March 2018), data were also collected on vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate levels.

Results

The number of requests for vitamin D decreased by 14 918 (36.2%) following the intervention. Changes in the median calcium and phosphate were not clinically significant. Cost-modelling suggested that if such an intervention was implemented across primary care in the UK, there would be a potential annual saving to the NHS of £38 712 606.

Conclusion

A simple pragmatic redesign of the electronic request form for vitamin D test led to a significant reduction in vitamin D requests without any adverse effect on the quality of care.
Estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua em fibromialgia: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Silva Alisson Alexandre da , Kakuta Elaine , Henrique Loreti Eduardo
Published: November 2020

Introdução. A fibromialgia afeta a saúde física e mental da população e é caracterizada por alterações na atividade cerebral. A estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (tDCS) é uma técnica não invasiva capaz de modular a excitabilidade cortical cerebral. Objetivo. Sistematizar e discutir os efeitos da ETCC na melhora da dor em pacientes com fibromialgia quando comparado ou associado à outras técnicas, partindo dos seguintes questionamentos: A eletroestimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua é eficaz para a melhora da dor? Modifica as características clínicas da doença? Método. Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2020 das bases de dados Scielo, MEDLINE, Web of Science e PEDro. Resultados. Foram selecionados 9 artigos, dos quais 6 demonstraram resultados positivos na modulação da dor com estímulo anódico em M1, 2 em CPFDL e 1 em CPFDL + C2. Conclusão. A técnica se mostrou eficaz para a modulação da dor em pacientes com fibromialgia. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos com objetivo de definir a quantidade de sessões ideal, intervalos entre as sessões e dosagem.
ASPIRATION SYSTEMS IN DYEING SHOPS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING COMPANY
Authors: Il'ina T. , Kryukov I. , Kolesnikov M.
Published: November 2020

Organizing air change in dyeing shops and cleaning of the exhaust air are of great importance for providing the technological and comfortable parameters of indoor climate, and for protecting the environment from polluting emissions. The article considers the methods of painting metal products and gives characteristics of the used paints. A list of noxious substances, evolved at painting metal products, and their influence on human’s health, is presented. Through an example of a dyeing shop at the ОАО «Belagromash-Servis named after V.М. Ryazanov», the existing general-dilution and local ventilation systems are analyzed. With account of the technological process and the location of paint stations an exhaust ventilation system has been developed. The designs and arrangement of exhaust hoods are suggested, which prevent hazardous substances from getting from a metal products painting station to work area. For the aspiration system a centrifugal bubble unit (CBU) with the exhaust air cleaning efficiency is selected. The motion model of air, removed from a paint station, and the distribution of noxious substances in it, is calculated in Solid Works.
SPATIAL CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSPORT NETWORKS AND ITS CONNECTION WITH THE TYPOLOGY OF TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT FOR THE CITIES OF NAJAF AND KUFA OF THE PROVINCE OF NAJAF
Authors: Al-jaberi A.
Published: November 2020

Transport is a link between territories with different types of land use in urban areas. At the same time, the improved accessibility associated with the transport network can lead to increased segregation and a change in land use. The article analyzes the road network of the Najaf and Kufa cities, Najaf province, Iraq, in order to identify the spatial classification of roads and streets. Based on the analysis, three main types of roads and streets are identified with respect to their structural features and characteristics: regional, city and district. The dependence of the typology and location of transit-oriented zones on the classification of the road network is indicated. In the process of analyzing the study area, the most optimal points for the practice of transit-oriented development (TOD) are identified, the territories most favorable for the location of transit-oriented zones of regional, city and district significance are introduced, the main characteristics of these zones are given. In order to reach goals, this article includes the collection of data and the creation of a database for land use applying a geographic information systems (GIS) environment. The result of the spatial analysis are five regional nodes, six urban nodes and seven district nodes
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF ELEMENTS WITH COMPOSITE FITTINGS WITH BENDING AT PRIORITY SECTIONS
Authors: Merkulov S. , Akimov E.
Published: November 2020

The inability of using this type of reinforcement as a cross on the support sections of the bent elements is one of the reasons limiting the wide use of composite rod reinforcement. To ensure the strength of bent elements along inclined sections, it is proposed to bend the rods of the working longitudinal working reinforcement, and geometric parameters of bends for some types of composite reinforcement are proposed, depending on the diameter of the rod. To develop a method for calculating the strength of inclined sections, it is necessary to develop experimentally justified prerequisites that take into account the features of joint operation of composite rod reinforcement in inclined sections. The article offers a method for experimental study of the strength and crack resistance of reinforced concrete bending elements with non-metallic composite rod reinforcement, including the design of prototypes, the installation scheme of devices during testing. The developed method allows to determine the parameters of strength and crack resistance of inclined sections of bent elements. The tasks of experimental studies of concrete elements reinforced with composite rod reinforcement are to determine the regularity of changes in the stress-strain condition of concrete and composite reinforcement during loading, to determine the nature of the destruction of elements along the inclined section, to obtain data on the strength and crack resistance of elements.
DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIAL RECIPES OF BINDING COMPOSITIONS WITH IMPROVED PROPERTIES
Authors: Salamanova M. , Nahaev M. , Sarsenbaev B.
Published: November 2020

the ecological safety of earthly civilization suffers from the accumulation of huge volumes of industrial waste, the natural resource potential is decreasing, therefore, special attention is paid to the development of less costly and low energy-intensive technologies for obtaining new building materials, the implementation of which does not require high-temperature and expensive technological processing, and will allow the use of secondary and substandard raw materials.

The work presents the results of the development of special formulations of binder compositions of alkaline activation based on cement production wastes in the form of aspiration and clinker dust from electrostatic precipitators of rotary kilns and waste from the metallurgical industry - ferrosilicon additives in the form of active silica, which will allow obtaining new building materials with improved properties.

The paper investigates the properties of an alkaline cement paste and cement stone, reveals issues related to the theoretical foundations of the formation of the structure and strength of an artificial stone based on an alkaline activator. The research results, in our opinion, are certainly of practical importance for the construction industry, as the proposed formulations of clinker-free cements can partially replace expensive and energy-intensive Portland cement, making it possible to create strong and durable concrete and reinforced concrete structures
PERUBAHAN TUTUPAN LAHAN HUTAN LINDUNG GUNUNG GUNTUR TAHUN 2014 SAMPAI DENGAN TAHUN 2017
Authors: Widodo Prasetyo , Sidik Abdul Japar
Published: November 2020

High pressure by community activities on the existence of forests, especially protected forests that affect the quality of the environment that can cause a disaster, such as the occurrence of flash floods that occurred in 2016 in Garut regency, cannot be separated from damage to the upstream cover of cimanuk-citanduy. This prompted investigators to analyze the three year change of land protection prevailing in Mt. Guntur RPH Simpang BKPH Bayongbong. The objective of research is to calculate how large changes land cover area in Mt. Guntur Protected Area (MGPA), RPH Simpang BKPH Bayongbong KPH Garut in three years. The data collected on July to August 2017 by geographic information system (GIS) and satellite image. The results of land cover interpretation by landsat 8 OLI image 2014 and 2017 describe the condition of land use and land cover change in MGPA. Land cover of MGPA dominated by shrub (B) is 287.58 Ha (57.52%) at 2014 and 202.89 Ha (40.58%) at 2017, so deforestation as three years is 31.24 Ha or 32.13%. The results of ground check there is a land use change to open land and farming dryland. According to data of image interpretation at 2017, the open land is 20.03 Ha but after ground checking is 20.51 Ha. The reduction of it based on data of image interpretation at 2017 is 200.33 Ha to 201.85 Ha after ground checking.
PENGARUH UMUR TANAMAN TERHADAP DIMENSI POHON SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria. L) PADA KETINGGIAN TEMPAT TUMBUH YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Munir Aning
Published: November 2020

Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) can grow from beach to 1600 m sal. The influence of P. falcataria growth cannot be studied because the growth and development of a species is determined by genetic factors (G), environmental factors (E), and interactions between environmental and genetic factors (G + E). The objects of studies is the effect of plant age and altitude of the growing place against the dimension of P.falcataria and obtain the age of plant and altitude that produce the best tree dimension. The research method used experiments using Split Plot with two factors. The main plot factor is the height of the P. falcataria growing site. Results of studies were an interaction between the heights of the place with the age of P.falcaria plants against the volume of P. falcataria. The interaction of the total height and diameter based on the altitude of 825 m sal and the age of P. Falcatia 9 years produced the highest volume of P. falcataria with age of 7 years.
Pola Pergerakan Monyet Ekor Panjang (macaca fascicularis) di Cagar Budaya Ciung Wanara
Authors: Srimulyaningsih Reni , Suryadi Lusi Desi Sriwulan
Published: November 2020

Ciung Wanara Cultural Reserve (CWCR) is one of famous habitat of Long Tailed Monkeys (LTM). The existence of LTM is one of tourist attraction. But LTM in CWCR became depend on feed by tourists. This condition caused of pattern behaviour of LTM. The objective of this research is to know pattern behaviour of LTM in CWCR. The method of research is councentration count. The result of research is showing of LTM group. There are 4 groups of LTM in CWCR (Pangcalikan, Cikahuripan, Pamangkonan and Patimuan). The LTM pattern behaviour depends on alpha male of group. The pattern sleeping behaviour of LTM group is from the sleeping tree to returns to its sleeping tree. So, there is not overlap of each group, because source of feed, water and cover of LTM is sufficient. Keys words: Pattern behaviour, Long Tail Monkeys, Cultural Reserve
TÉCNICA PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE OVOS DE Dioctophyme renale EM URINA DE GATOS, EMPREGADA EM SÍLICA
Authors: Ferraz Alexsander , Dos Santos Pires Bruna , Ança Evaristo Tainá , Carra Perera Soliane , Quintana Nizoli Leandro , Da Silva Rapetti Josaine Cristina
Published: November 2020

A dioctofimatose é uma doença parasitária causada pelo helminto Dioctophyme renale, tendo como hospedeiros definitivos, cães, gatos, animais silvestres e também o homem, pois este parasito possui potencial zoonótico. Acomete os rins dos seus hospedeiros definitivos, geralmente o direito, mas podem ser encontrados também em outros locais. Embora seja descrito maior ocorrência de casos em cães, também há relatos desta parasitose em gatos. Uma das formas de diagnóstico é através da visualização de ovos do D. renale através do exame de urina. Porém, pelas características comportamentais dos gatos, a coleta de urina nesta espécie é de difícil execução. Portanto, através do estudo de técnicas para pesquisa de ovos deste parasito na urina dos gatos em sílica, presente nas caixas de areia, procura-se facilitar o diagnóstico nestes animais. Para realização deste trabalho, amostras de sílica foram contaminadas com urina contendo ovos de D. renale. As técnicas utilizadas para pesquisa de ovos foram: centrífugo-flutuação em solução hipersaturada glicosada, em duas densidades: 1.230g/ml e 1.275g/ml; flutuação espontânea em solução hipersaturada glicosada, em duas densidades: 1,230g/ml e 1,275g/ml e centrífugo-sedimentação. A avaliação das amostras foi realizada em diferentes tempos, distribuídos da seguinte forma: momento zero, 6 horas, 12 horas, 18 horas, 24 horas, 36 horas, 48 horas, 72 horas, 120 horas, 168 horas, 240 horas e 336 horas após contaminação do material. A técnica de centrífugo-sedimentação foi a que apresentou o melhor resultado, sendo possível identificar ovos morfologicamente viáveis de D. renale durante os 14 dias de análise.
PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI INFUSA DAUN JERUK NIPIS (CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA) DAN DAUN JERUK PURUT (CITRUS HYSTRIX) TERHADAP BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: Siregar Saadah , Indriani Indriani , Vincentia Ade Rizky Vincentia , Visensius Krisdianilo Visensius , Anna Teresia Marbun Romauli
Published: November 2020

Plant Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) and Plant Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix) including Rutacea family. Part of the plant lemon and lime are used as a drug other than fruit and leaves that can be used as medicine. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity infuse lime leaves and lime leaves. Examination of the characteristics simplicia macroscopic examination. Phytochemical screening of compounds includes examining alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and infuse saponin. Ekstrak conducted using distilled water solvent. Test of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria carried by the agar diffusion method using a paper disc. Results obtained from macroscopic examination for lime leaves are fresh leaves leaf-shaped single smooth surface and the lower surface of the leaves are light green, the dark green upper surface. If torn, lime leaves produce coarse fibers. The leaves are small with a width of 3-5 cm. For lime leaves are fresh leaves, leaf litter pinnate compound leaves one. Child leaf blade oval to oblong, base rounded or blunt, the blunt end up pointed, 8-15 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, the upper surface colour some what shiny dark green, light green below the surface. Results of phytochemical screening simplicia powder lime leaves and lime leaves that contain a class of alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins. Antibacterial activity test results showed that there were differences between the antibacterial infusion lime leaves and lime leaves kaffir lime leaves which are more effective against the bacteria Escherichia coli compared kaffir lime leaves.
HUBUNGAN LAMA PENGGUNAAN KOMPUTER DENGAN KEJADIAN COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME PADA PEGAWAI KANTOR DI RUMAH SAKIT GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM
Authors: Irmayani Irmayani , Irawan Beny , Parinduri Anggi Isnani , Lubis Atika Sari
Published: November 2020

The use of computers increases continuously over time. The average work time used to work with a computer is 5.8 hours or 69% of the total 8 working hours. Computers that are now widely used as assistive devices can actually cause occupational diseases or health problems. One of them is eye disorders due to continuous use of the eye to stare at a computer monitor or Visual Display Terminal (VDT). This study aims to explain the relationship long use of computers with events computer vision syndrome . This research is a quantitative study with using analytic survey approach with cross sectional design. The population of the research this is the whole employees of offices that exist in Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam. The number of samples taken 36 employees with sampling techniques using total sampling. The collection of data is done by using a questionnaire. Statistical tests using the chi square test with α = 0.05. The analysis shows that there is a correlation long usege of computer with events computer vision syndrome In employee health BPJS in Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam (p = 0.004 <α = 0.05) . Suggested to employees of offices if already started to feel fatigue in the eyes and the eyes feel strained should rest and using methods of 20-20-20 is for using the computer in 20 minutes should rest for 20 seconds to switch the view that is within 20 feet to avoid the eyes dry and cause the symptoms are more severe.
HUBUNGAN PERILAKU DAN PERSONAL HYGIENE IBU DENGAN KEJADIAN KECACINGAN PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS GALANG TAHUN 2019
Authors: Lubis Fithri Handayani , Ginting Tria Puspita Dewi , Purba Rawelven
Published: November 2020

Health behavior is all activities of a person that can be observed or which cannot be observed that are related for health care and improvement. Helminthiasis is the infectious of disease whose prevalence is very high in Indonesia, especially intestinal worms that are transmitted through soil (Soil Transmitted Helminth ).Worm disease is widespread in both rural and urban areas. The problem of this research there is relationship between behavior and personal hygiene of the mother with helminthiasis incident in infants in the work area of Galang Public Health Center in 2019. the type of research used is using survey research that is analytical survey with a cross sectional survey approach to learn the correlation dynamics between risk factors by effects, by approach, observation data colletion in the same time (point time approach). Population of the research 160 mothers the sample of this research is 62 mothers that have baby in Galang Public Health Center . the variable of the researched to knowing about relationship behavior and personal hygiene of the mother with helminthiasis incident as independent variable and helminthiasis in infant as dependent variable .the Data is by questionnaire technique. The Data obtained were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. The result of the research showed that based on personal hygiene mothers who behaved adequately as many as 39 peoples (62,9%) while the mothers who behaved had good hygiene was 23 people (37,1). The result showed that helminthiasis incident in infants as many as 39 peoples ( 62.9%) research while those who did not develop helminthiasis in infants were 23 peoples (37.1%). The result of chisquare test a many as.. with p value 0.007(p<0.05) that means Ho is rejected and Ha accepted. There in significant relationship between behavior and personal hygiene of the mother with helminthiasis incident in infanst in the work area of Galang Public Health Center in 2019.
ANALISIS FAKTOR RESIKO PAPARAN PESTISIDA PADA KEHAMILAN DENGAN KEJADIAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DI KOTA PADANGSIDIMPUAN TAHUN 2019
Authors: Lubis Fithri Handayani
Published: November 2020

Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the main causes of infant mortality. The problem that arises is whether there is a relationship between risk factors for pesticide exposure during pregnancy and the incidence of LBW in agricultural areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for pesticide exposure associated with LBW incidence. This research is a case control study. Subjects were divided into two groups: a case group of 25 farmers with a history of giving birth to LBW and a control group who were neighbors of case subjects without a history of giving birth to LBW, a total of 25 farmers. This research data collection using interviews and observations. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis (chi square and fisher as alternatives). Research results: risk factors for exposure to pesticides that have been shown to be associated with the incidence of LBW in Padangsidimpuan, include: occupation of pregnant women related to pesticides (OR = 6,769) completeness of personal protective equipment (PPE) while doing activities in the fields (OR = 18,857) and storage pesticides (OR = 12,667). The recommended advice is to avoid work that is directly related to pesticides during pregnancy, if you have to participate in agricultural activities, pregnant women should use complete PPE.
PERBANDINGAN BERAT BADAN BAYI USIA 0-6 BULAN MELALUI INTERVENSI BOLU KUKUS DAUN KATUK (SAUROPUS ANDROGYNUS) DI WILAYAH KERJA RUMAH SAKIT GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM
Authors: Irwanto Reno , Panjaitan Raini , Nainggolan Marwita Pratiwi , Girsang Meriahta Br , Ginting Keleng Ate
Published: November 2020

Growth is an increase, the development of weight and mass or cell size which can be seen from the increase in height, weight and head circumference. Lack of nutritional intake in the form of breastmilk for babies in the golden period (0-6 months) can interfere with infant growth and development and will also reduce the quality of human resources. The intervention of katuk leaf steamed sponge cake is expected to increase milk production which will affect the baby's weight gain. In the study, the total number used was 30 people and divided into 2 groups of respondents who had intervention or product intervention (control). The results showed that the maternal age data for the age group 19-29 was 56.7% and those aged 30-49 were 43.3%. The level of education of mothers who participated as respondents started from SD with the proportion of 26.7%, SMP 23.3%, SMA 36.7%, and PT 13.3% and the distribution of respondents 'occupations was 46.7% of the respondents' occupation, employees 36.7%, self-employed 6.7%, and 10% teachers, and the results of the intervention of katuk leaf steamed sponge on 15 respondents used showed changes in the baby's body with an average value of 0.873 while 15 control respondents showed body changes with an average value of 0.627 on the statistical test with a P value (0.00).
TESTING THE MACROSEISMIC INTENSITY ATTENUATION RELATIONSHIPS FOR VRANCEA (ROMANIA) SUBCRUSTAL EARTHQUAKES IN RELATION WITH DAMS SITUATED IN EXTRA-CARPATHIAN AREA
Authors: Constantin Angela Petruta , Manea Elena Florinela , Moldovan Iren Adelina , Partheniu Raluca
Published: November 2020

The aim of the present paper is to test intensity attenuation relationships for subcrustal earthquakes occurred in Vrancea (Romania) seismogenic zone in relation with some important dams situated in extra-Carpathian area. During centuries, the Romanian territory has been shaken by strong earthquakes, most of them being centered within Vrancea Zone, which is situated at the bending area of the South-Eastern Carpathians. Most of the zones from extra-Carpathian area are affected by the subcrustal seismic events, where many hydro-technical structures exist, being also exposed to earthquakes action. A detailed analysis of the intensity attenuation laws developed for subcrustal seismic sources was performed using the most recent and complete intensity datasets. We use an extended and combined intensity data including historical and modern, qualitative and quantitative data, i.e. a number of 11 earthquakes occurred during the period 1738-2009 with epicentral/maximum intensities ranging from VII-X MSK degrees, and magnitude Mw from 5.4 to 7.9. All the input data used for testing are resulted after the reevaluation and evaluation of the macroseismic effects produced by the seismic events included in the present study (8697 IDP). The selected attenuation laws were tested for different values of epicentral intensity and with reference to twelve and twenty four azimuthal directions. Besides the testing of the relationships, isoseismal maps based on the selected attenuation laws were accomplished, associated to the biggest possible earthquake (worst scenario) for the Vrancea subcrustal zone, also highlighting the calculated intensities in the selected dam sites. Brief description of the study and used methods. Brief description of the study and used methods.
Potencialidades e desafios de um estágio curricular obrigatório em Fisioterapia
Authors: Lima Erivaldo Santos de
Published: November 2020

O artigo tem por objetivo relatar as potencialidades e os desafios observados por um estudante durante o estágio curricular obrigatório em um curso de graduação em Fisioterapia de uma Instituição pública do Nordeste. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência em que se utilizou da observação e do diário de campo como ferramentas metodológicas. Destacaram-se como potencialidades o início de uma movimentação entre docentes e estagiários para a mudança de abordagem ao paciente, de um modelo ainda centrado na reabilitação para um modelo de funcionalidade e valorização dos determinantes sociais em saúde, e, ainda, a indissociabilidade da educação em saúde da prática do estágio nos cenários de aprendizagem da vivência. Como principal desafio, apontam-se as lacunas pedagógicas na formação do fisioterapeuta para o exercício da docência ou preceptoria, o que parece ir de encontro a competências, habilidades e atitudes almejadas para a formação e postas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos cursos de Fisioterapia.
Ductility and internal forces redistribution in lightweight aggregate concrete beams
Authors: Waśniewski Tomasz , Kołodziejczyk Ewelina
Published: November 2020

Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (LWAC) is typically defined as concrete having a density smaller than or equal to 2200kg/m3 and can be obtained by mixing natural or artificial lightweight aggregates. There is a general scepticism regarding the use of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) for structural applications. This concern is attached to the more brittle material behaviour which leads to lower ductility.

This article presents a numerical parametric analysis of the behaviour of the reinforced LWAC cross-sections under the immediate load taking into account the density of the LWAC concrete, concrete strength and tensile reinforcement ratio.

Numerical analysis of  the beams was conducted in OpenSees, an open–source nonlinear finite element method framework. One-dimensional elements, with three degrees of freedom at each end, were used. Bending stiffness in the integration points was calculated based on the sectional moment – curvature relationship.

The analysis showed that there is a relationship between the ductility of the cross-sections made of lightweight concrete and its density class. It is associated with limited compressive strains and the brittle behavior of LWAC. The limited rotation capacity of the reinforced concrete sections made of LWAC also affects the ability of redistribution of internal forces in statically indeterminate beams
Proposition of a new method for the calculation of diagonal crack widths in reinforced concrete elements subjected to combined torsion and shear
Authors: Budzyński Waldemar
Published: November 2020

This paper concerns the phenomenon of cracking in reinforced concrete elements subjected to combined torsion and shear. The theoretical model developed by Rahal and Collins is described in de tail. This model is the only one which is capable of predicting the full response (e.g.: steel and concrete strains, deformations, curvatures) rectangular reinforced concrete sections subjected to combined torsion and shear throughout their post cracking loading history. The assumptions of Modified Compression Field Theory are also described because the model of Rahal and Collins is based on this theory. It also contains a concept of the new method which is capable of determining the width of cracks in reinforced concrete elements subjected to combined torque moment and shear force. The method is based on the model suggested by Rahal and Collins.
Earned value method as a tool for project control
Authors: Czarnigowska Agata
Published: November 2020

Earned Value is a well-known project management tool that uses information on cost, schedule and work performance to establish the current status of the project. By means of a few simple rates, it allows the manager to extrapolate current trends to predict their likely final effect. The method is based on a simpli-fied model of a project, but proved to be useful in practice of cost control. It is being developed to account better for schedule and time aspects. The paper outlines the basic principles of the method and its recent extension, the Earned Schedule method, and, with help of a few examples, investigates into assumptions that affect their diagnostic and predictive accuracy.
Numerical analysis of inelastic reinforced high-strength concrete beams with low reinforcement ratio
Authors: Smarzewski Piotr
Published: November 2020

Numerical modelling of flexural behavior of the reinforced highstrength concrete beams with low reinforcement ratio is discussed in this paper. Modelling mechanism of failure reinforced concrete beams under static load, static deformation processes of the reinforced high-strength concrete beams with regard to the physical nonlinearities of the structural materials (i.e. concrete and reinforcement steel) were developed using finite element analysis. The comparison of the numerical and experimental results as well as theoretical solutions, were presented. The compared results indicate correctness of the constitutive models of the structural materials: concrete and reinforcing steel and effectiveness of the solution method.
Experimental testing of the new flow equation of cement dispersion
Authors: Szerafin Jerzy
Published: November 2020

The new flow equation of cement dispersion included factor of the friction between cement grains is presented in the paper. The analysis of the calculation’s results confirms the property of new equation. In the main part of the paper the results of experimental research were presented. The first part of research applies to cement flow through annular pipe, which exactly matches the theoretical model assumptions. The second part of flow tests was carried out in aggregate pile, which is typical to many practical applications of cement injection. Calculation and experimental test’s results are compatible and proof the correctness of new flow equations.
Defect engineering in SiC technology for high-voltage power devices
Authors: Kimoto Tsunenobu , Watanabe Heiji
Published: November 2020

Major features of silicon carbide (SiC) power devices include high blocking voltage, low on-state loss, and fast switching, compared with those of the Si counterparts. Through recent progress in the material and device technologies of SiC, production of 600–3300 V class SiC unipolar devices such as power metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and Schottky barrier diodes has started, and the adoption of SiC devices has been demonstrated to greatly reduce power loss in real systems. However, the interface defects and bulk defects in SiC power MOSFETs severely limit the device performance and reliability. In this review, the advantages and present status of SiC devices are introduced and then defect engineering in SiC power devices is presented. In particular, two critical issues, namely defects near the oxide/SiC interface and the expansion of single Shockley-type stacking faults, are discussed. The current physical understanding as well as attempts to reduce these defects and to minimize defect-associated problems are reviewed.