bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El gesto vital de la totalidad y la forma:
Authors: Huerta Rodríguez Raúl Adrián
Published: March 2021

Este artículo se basa en una relectura de los conceptos de forma, gesto y totalidad que desarrolló Georg Lukács, en relación con su propuesta para pensar y cuestionar la realidad concreta situada, socialmente focalizada, sin constructos metafísicos ni esencialistas. En este sentido, exploramos la noción de gesto como pregunta profunda y vital, concreta, que al final conduce a vislumbrar la totalidad como visión de lo uno y lo múltiple, en tanto proyecto político abierto y por realizarse. En un segundo momento, presentamos el caso de Stuart Hall en los albores de los estudios culturales y en el contexto de la New Left en Ingla- terra, como ejemplo de ese gesto por la totalidad.
La figura del idiota a la luz de la psiquiatría clásica
Authors: Cherniavsky Axel
Published: March 2021

En ciertas ocasiones, la idiotez parece circunscribirse al pensamiento, se define como su ausencia o negación y se vuelve objeto de un juicio de valor negativo. Pero, ¿puede reducirse la idiotez a un defecto mental? Como figura cultural, la idiotez comprende, además de sus manifestaciones en el lenguaje común y la vida cotidiana, al menos un conjunto de antiguos cuadros clínicos, personajes literarios y de las artes visuales en general, y también personajes y conceptos filosóficos. En este artículo proponemos interrogar la historia de la psiquia- tría, desde sus textos fundacionales hasta la paulatina desaparición de la idiotez como cuadro clínico durante el siglo xx. Nuestro objetivo consiste en mostrar que, incluso en la psiquiatría más clásica, la idiotez no concernía únicamente a la mente, no consistía necesariamente en una falta o privación, y no era siempre objeto de un juicio negativo.
Herbert Marcuse: Teoría crítica como crítica de la violencia
Authors: Huesca Ramón Fernando
Published: March 2021

Marcuse, como miembro espiritual de la Escuela de Fráncfort, o como impulsor de la teoría crítica, en textos como Eros y civilización, Ensayo sobre la liberación y Tolerancia represiva, elabora una crítica materialista a la civilización occidental, partiendo de la dialéctica de Hegel, la crítica a la economía política de Marx, la ontología existencial de Heidegger, la crítica dionisíaca de Nietzsche a Occi- dente, y el psicoanálisis de Freud. La excesiva represión y el ordenamiento de lo económico para la mera consolidación de una economía de producción, circu- lación y consumo de bienes capitalistas son el motivo material que conduce a Marcuse a concebir la necesidad de estrategias contraculturales que respondan a la violencia extrema y barbárica que impone la modernidad capitalista en lo social.
Convergencias y divergencias. (Lecturas heterodoxas de la filosofía griega), Ángela Sierra González
Authors: Hernández Reyes Sandra
Published: March 2021

Lo que ha hecho clásicos a los textos de la Grecia antigua ha sido su inago- table potencia, la cual cruza el tiempo y el espacio. Sin embargo, la media- ción no siempre es percibida, no se considera común que esta continua presencia de los clásicos se debe a lec- turas que permiten su re-presentación en problemáticas contemporáneas. Por tanto, debe ponerse bien en cla- ro esta mediación para comprender el modo en que impacta nuestra cul- tura y, sobre todo, la producción y reflexión académica.
La Crítica de la razón pura: una antología hispanoamericana Luis Eduardo Hoyos y Pedro Stepanenko(eds.)
Authors: Acosta Domínguez Juan Carlos
Published: March 2021

Crítica de la razón pura: una antología hispanoamericana, realizada por Luis Eduardo Hoyos y P. Stepanenko. En ésta es posible en- contrar una serie de enfoques muy actuales, que permiten al lector en lengua española tener un primer acer- camiento —complejo y detallado— a las partes medulares del pensamiento filosófico de Kant. El libro cuenta con once artículos, los cuales abordan y desarrollan nue- vos enfoques sobre temas kantianos clásicos. En algunos casos, los autores muestran ciertos errores e imprecisio- nes en los que Kant —desafortuna- damente— incurrió al momento de moldear su proyecto filosófico, como lo comprueban las aproximaciones críticas que realizan en sus trabajos.
Media and Mapping Practices in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Strohmaier Alena , Krewani Angela , Dados Nour Nicole , Bittner Christian , Glasze Georg , Von Reumont Frederik , Schupp Janina , Naficy Hamid , Ruchel-Stockmanns Katarzyna , Braune Ines , Tunç Cox Ayça , Sakr Laila Shereen , Sreberny Annabelle , Khiabany Gholam , Maisel Sebastian , Fischer-Tahir Andrea
Published: March 2021

A few months into the popular uprisings in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region in 2009/10, the promises of social media, including its ability to influence a participatory governance model, grassroots civic engagement, new social dynamics, inclusive societies and new opportunities for businesses and entrepreneurs, became more evident than ever. Simultaneously, cartography received new considerable interest as it merged with social media platforms. In an attempt to rearticulate the relationship between media and mapping practices, whilst also addressing new and social media, this interdisciplinary book abides by one relatively clear point: space is a media product. The overall focus of this book is accordingly not so much on the role of new technologies and social networks as it is on how media and mapping practices expand the very notion of cultural engagement, political activism, popular protest and social participation.
Evaluación de las Relaciones Triangulares: Desarrollo y validación de un instrumento a partir del test proyectivo Pata Negra
Authors: Ballús Barnils Elisabeth , Pérez-Testor Carles , Virgili Tejedor Carles , Casas Juan Mar
Published: March 2021

Investigaciones recientes relacionan la superación de las relaciones triangulares con el apego seguro. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar el diseño y validación de un Registro de Evaluación de las Relaciones Triangulares (RERT) a través del test proyectivo Pata Negra o Patte Noire (P.N.) de Corman, a partir de una muestra de 100 participantes con edades comprendidas entre 5 y 18 años. Para verificar la validez de contenido, las respuestas fueron clasificadas en base a 28 ítems, agrupados en cuatro categorías de repuesta y sometidas a un acuerdo interjueces. Los porcentajes de acuerdo interjueces alcanzaron una validez tolerable (60-80) para una de las categorías y una validez satisfactoria (80-100) para el resto de categorías aceptadas. Los valores del coeficiente del alfa de Cronbach fueron, en general, entre .56 y .74. Los resultados muestran que el RERT posee propiedades psicométricas adecuadas que lo convierten en una herramienta apropiada para evaluar las relaciones triangulares de un modo cuantitativo y complementario al análisis cualitativo del test Pata Negra, lo que añade objetividad y fiabilidad al test.
Introducción del sistema PECS para la superación de las limitaciones comunicativas en un caso de síndrome de West
Authors: Peirats-Chacón José , Vidal-Esteve Isabel
Published: March 2021

En este estudio de caso se aborda la intervención realizada en una alumna de cuatro años, escolarizada en un aula específica de un centro ordinario, y a la que recientemente han diagnosticado síndrome de West. Aplicando, a lo largo de un trimestre en un aula de Audición y Lenguaje, el sistema de comunicación por intercambio de imágenes (PECS) se pretende superar las graves limitaciones comunicativas de la alumna. El procedimiento metodológico utilizado es mixto y las técnicas de investigación empleadas son la aplicación de test estandarizados, la entrevista, los cuestionarios, los registros de observaciones y el análisis documental. A partir del test que establece la evaluación inicial del caso, se aplica el programa y se registran diariamente los datos, además de entrevistar a la familia y analizar la documentación y los cuestionarios cumplimentados por el profesorado implicado. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las reticencias de parte del profesorado inciden en la necesaria coordinación, pero no son un obstáculo para que la alumna alcance ciertos beneficios en cuanto a las relaciones de interacción, petición y contacto visual, aspectos fundamentales para lograr la comunicación.
Validation of the Online Political Engagement Scale in a British population survey
Authors: Pontes Ana Isabel , Henn Matt , Griffiths Mark D. , Pontes Halley M.
Published: March 2021

Over the last decade, there has been an ever increasing number of citizens using online media to participate in and engage with politics. Social media sites and online blogs have enabled new opportunities for interactive and user-centered political experiences. Currently, there is a general scarcity of psychometrically validated and standardized instruments that assess politically-related constructs in the field of political sciences. The main aim of the present study was to develop a standardized psychometric tool to assess online political engagement among the general population that is valid and reliable. The present study examined the psychometric properties of a 7-item Online Political Engagement Scale (OPEnS) that assesses various online political actions people engage with during election campaigns. To develop the scale, data from the 2010 British Election Survey were used, and a total of 3,075 people participated in an online survey, post-election. The main findings obtained in the present study supported the undimensionality of the online political engagement construct given the results obtained from confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The OPEnS appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing this phenomenon, and may be useful in studies investigating newer patterns of online political engagement and disengagement.
Aproximacions a la perspectiva de la persona en tractament de manteniment amb metadona: Reflexions a propòsit de 10 anys de recerca / Approaches to the perspective of the individual receiving methadone maintenance treatment: Reflections on 10 years of research
Authors: Trujols Albet Joan , Guàrdia-Olmos Joan , Iraugui Ioseba , Pérez de los Cobos José
Published: March 2021

Resum. Els tractaments de manteniment amb metadona (TMM) són un autèntic tractament psicofarmacològic de la dependència d’heroïna i, a la vegada, un element indispensable de les polítiques i les intervencions de reducció de danys. L’efectivitat dels TMM ha estat avaluada, gairebé de manera exclusiva, mitjançant la utilització d’indicadors anomenats durs. Intentant anar més enllà d’aquest enfocament tradicional, hem portat a terme, durant els darrers 10 anys, diversos estudis emprírics i assaigs teòrics que s’emmarquen dins d’un objectiu global de generar coneixement al voltant de  –i amb– la perspectiva de la persona en TMM. En aquest article, resumim de manera selectiva les troballes més rellevants d’aquesta línia de recerca per discutir després algunes de les seves principals implicacions. Finalment, abordem alguns dels reptes  –i suggerim alguns dels canvis necessaris– per a una avaluació dels TMM realment centrada en el pacient.Summary. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is both a specific psychopharmacological treatment of heroin dependence and a core harm-reduction intervention. Over the last 10 years we have been working to break the mould of the traditional focus on the so-called hard indicators of MMT effectiveness, pursuing instead a line of research that makes room for the consideration of the perspectives of methadone-maintained patients, resulting in several empirical and theoretical papers. Firstly, this commentary briefly and selectively summarizes some key findings from five of these papers. It then discusses the main implications of these findings. Finally, it addresses some of the challenges involved in conducting a genuinely patient-centred evaluation of MMT, along with some of the changes that would be required to accomplish this.
Suspended lunge exercise: assessment of forces in different positions and paces
Authors: Aguilera-Castells Joan , Buscà Safont-Tria Bernat , Peña López Javier , Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe Azahara , Solana-Tramunt Mònica , Morales Aznar Jose
Published: March 2021

The forces exerted on the suspension device have been examined in upper body exercises, like push-ups or inverted raw. For this reason, this aim of this study was to determine the effect of body position, contraction patterns and pace on force production by the lower limb during the execution of suspended lunge exercises. Ten physically active male university students (n = 10, age = 23.70±2.83 years old) performed sixteen suspended lunges in four different positions and three different paces (60, 70, and 80 beats per minute). A load cell was used to assess the forces exert on the suspension device. Force data were analyzed with the factorial repeated measurements (ANOVA). A significant main effect for position in concentric force (p= .000), average force (p= .002), and for frequency in peak force (p= .004) were found. Peak force was significantly higher for dynamic contraction type in all positions in comparison with isometric suspended lunge. In conclusion, a higher feet distance, frequencies around 70 beats per minute and the dynamic contraction type enhanced the forces exert on the suspension strap when performed the lunge exercise.
Evaluación de una experiencia formativa en Flipped Classroom para profesores universitarios de la Universidad Pontificia Comillas de Madrid
Authors: Ojando Pons Elena Sofía , Simón Llovet Jordi , Prats Fernández Miquel Àngel , Martínez Felipe María , Santaolalla Pascual Elsa , Torres Lucas Jorge
Published: March 2021

Este artículo presenta una experiencia de formación en Flipped Classroom dirigida a los docentes universitarios. La experiencia se enmarca en un proyecto estratégico de innovación docente de la Universidad Pontificia Comillas de Madrid que pretende contribuir a la mejora de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en la universidad sirviéndose de nuevos modelos formativos con el soporte de las TIC. Se describe la implementación de una experiencia de formación sobre el modelo Flipped Classroom dirigida al profesorado universitario y su posterior evaluación a partir de la valoración de los participantes. Para ello, hemos proporcionado un cuestionario al que han respondido un total de 23 profesores universitarios de diferentes titulaciones. Los resultados muestran que el profesorado, aun asistiendo a nuevos modelos formativos con el soporte de las tecnologías digitales, presenta algunas dificultades de tiempos y espacios para diseñar, crear e implementar actividades en el aula. En cambio, el alumnado manifestó interés por disponer de nuevas formas de aprendizaje.
Discovering civic educational hackathons: an exploratory study
Authors: Gardó Huerta Héctor , Riera i Romaní Jordi
Published: March 2021

Educational hackathons are a new way to respond to some of the biggest challenges in education. This exploratory study seeks to define the key elements of these hackathons and to offer a theoretical and practical starting point for future publications and research. A literature review is carried out, with the information then contrasted with the experience as organizers of EDhack Raval, the first community-focussed educational hackathon in Catalonia. Observations, a questionnaire and interviews are used to add depth and objectivity to the wealth of data derived from field work. The results point to the valorization of the freedom of the creative process, the generation of community networks and social learning over the creation of solutions, findings that coincide with the latest research.Thus, the study concludes that educational agents would do well to appropriate, adapt and evaluate the assets of the hacker culture, making sure not to commit the error or organising hackathons that promote solutionism, elitism and competition.
La evaluación de actividades competenciales mediante un sistema de videoanálisis: educación no formal con Ninus
Authors: Ralda-Baiges Aïda , Lázaro-Cantabrana José Luis
Published: March 2021

En este estudio se analizan diversas situaciones de enseñanza y aprendizaje diseñadas para trabajar las competencias en un contexto de educación no formal. Durante las sesiones se utiliza un sistema de proyección interactivo: Ninus. Las actividades se diseñan mediante estrategias de ludificación y la creación de un ambiente de enseñanza y aprendizaje que favorece la motivación del alumnado. Mediante un estudio de caso se realiza un análisis cualitativo de las grabaciones en vídeo de las sesiones de trabajo. Para ello se ha utilizado un software de videoanálisis (MED1C) que permite sistematizar el proceso de evaluación. Para evaluar el desempeño de las competencias propuestas se ha elaborado una rúbrica, integrada en el sistema de videoanálisis, en la que se definen los niveles de desempeño a partir de la taxonomía de Bloom. El análisis de los resultados demuestra que el uso de Ninus, como recurso didáctico, promueve la motivación y permite realizar actividades significativas para el desarrollo de competencias.
THE USE OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS IN LIVESTOCK FEEDING
Authors: Bello A.. O.
Published: March 2021

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EFFECTS OF SEVERE ENERGY VERSUS PROTEIN DEPRIVATION DURING GESTATION OF REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD METABOLITES OF GILTS
Authors: Anugwa F. O. I. , Pond W. G.
Published: March 2021

Diets designated as high energy, high protein (HEHP), low energy, high protein (LEHP), high energy, low protein (HELP) and low energy, low protein (LELP) were fed to gilts from breeding through farrowing. Feeding rates were 1.82 (HEHP, HELP) or 0.68 kg (LEHP LELP) of diet per gilt per day. Diets were calculated to provide 6.6 (HEHP, HELP) or 2.2 Meal (LEHP, LELP) of digestible energy and 272 (HEHP, LEHP) or 60 g (HELP, LELP) of protein per gilt per day. Protein contents of the HEHP, LEHP, HELP and LELP diets were 15, 40, 3.3 and 9%. All sows and their progeny were treated similarly after farrowing. Gilts on the high energy diets (HEHP, HELP) gained significantly more weight during gestation than the gilts on the low energy diets (LEHP, LELP). Farrowing percentages were 100, 100, 80 and 40% for the HEHP, HELP, LEHP and LELP gilts respectively. Average litter size, birth weight, number of pigs weaned per litter or weaning weights were not significantly different among treatments. At the same stages of gestation, there were no significant differences among treatments in plasma glucose levels but plasma glucose significantly increased (P<0.05) in all treatments with advancing pregnancy. Serum albumun concentrations were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the HELP group than in the other groups by the end of gestation. The data indicate that lowering protein intake during gestation may be one way of reducing feed costs without impairing reproductive performance.
ASSESSMENT OF RECTAL PALPATION AS A TECHNIQUE FOR THE DETECTION OF CORPORA LUTEA AND ESTIMATION OF THE STAGE OF PREGNANCY IN ZEBU COWS
Authors: Eduvie L. O.
Published: March 2021

Twenty eight multiparous Bunaji cows were used to evaluate rectal palpation as a technique for identifying the presence or absence of corpora lutea (CL) and estimating the stage of pregnancy in Zebu cows. Overall correlations (85.7%) between rec tal p alpa­tion findings and progesterone (P4) levels were more than non-correlations (14.3%). Correlations between CL diagnosis or lack of CL and progesterone levels were 78.8% and 88.4% respectively. Estimation of the stage of pregnancy by rectal palpation corre­lated with the stages based on calving dates in 77.1, 55.6 and 60.9% of the cases during the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. In general, rectal palpation was a reliable method of detecting CL and estimating the stage of pregnancy in the Zebu cows.
REPLACEMENT VALUE BISCUIT WASTE FOR MAIZE IN BROILER DIETS.
Authors: Lounge O.
Published: March 2021

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the inclusion of biscuit waste in broiler diets. Performance was measured as growth rate and feed efficiency when 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of maize in a control diet was replaced by the by-product and fed to broilers for 12 weeks. Substitution for maize at 100% level significantly (P<0.05) affected performance although he cost of feed/kg live weight gain was N1.41 com­pared with ₦1.82 for the control diet. Ikletabolizable energy and nitrogen retention was not affected by dietary treatment but fat retention was significantly higher (P< 0.05) at 75 and 100% substitution. The carcass weights expressed as percentage of liveweights were not significantly affected but abdominal fat deposition was higher of the high levels of inclusion of biscuit waste. When maize was completely eliminated from the diet, bulking with 5, 7.5 or 10% maize cob as additional fibre source increas­ed feed intake but inclusion beyond 5% level did not improve feed efficiency. Fat and nitrogen retention and abdominal fat deposi­ted significantly (P • 0.05) decreased at 7.5 and 10% maize cob inclusion but gizzard weight increased.
AN EVALUATION OF RAW AND COOKED WHOLE SOYABEAS FOR BROILERS
Authors: Tewe O. O. , Ologhobo A. D.
Published: March 2021

Two hunared day old broiler chicks were alloted to five treatment groups to evaluate the effect of whole soyabean and fish meal supplementation on productivity of the experimental birds. Feed consump­tion and weight gains were similar on diets 1 -and 3, while feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio were better (P<0.05) on the cooked soyabean diet 3 as compared to the groundnut cake based (control) ration. Fish meal supplementation also unproved performance. The raw soyabean diet gave the poorest performance Metaboli­zable energy was bigher (P < 0.05) on cooked soyabean (diet 3) than the ground­nut cake based ration. Carcass characteristics, were similar on the control and cooked soyabean based rations when supplemented with fish meal. The cost of feed per kg. live weight gained was least on cooked soyabean and highest on raw soyabean based rations.
OBSSERVATIIONS O GROWTH, BODY DIMENSIONS AND CARCASS TRAITS OF NIGERIA INDIGENOUS PIGS
Authors: Soniya E. B.
Published: March 2021

Observations were made on 79 Nigerian indigenous (NI) and 24 Large White pigs.There was. a, three-month delay, in growth acceleration in NI pigs as compared with LW pigs. Growth acceleration started at 7 and 4 months for NI and LW respectively. Over all ages studied, NI differed markedly from LW in live weight, body length, height, depth and ham dimen­sions but this difference was much less between males than between females_ In NI ;boars serially slaughtered, live and carcass weights doubled between 7 and 10 months of age while dressing percent and carcass length reached peak values at 10 months. Carcass backfat measurements were higher and more consistent at the shoulder than at the loin or rump. Com­bined longitudinal and dissection studies are needed to elucidate the growth curve, the true genetic potential for growth and the body fat deposition pattern in the NI pigs.
SEROLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF AVIAN INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Komolape O.  O.
Published: March 2021

Avian infectious bronchitis is an acute rapidly spreading viral respira­tory disease of chickens characterized by tracheal rales, coughing and sneezing. In adult laying flocks it causes a drastic drop in egg production — most of which are malformed.The disease was first described in the U.S.A. by Schalk and Hawn (1931) and its viral aetiology was confirmed 5 years later (Beach and Schalm, 1936). It is now report­ed to be world-wide in distribution (Estola, 1966).However, the F.A.O. Animal Health Year Books do not .list AIB as being present in Nigeria. Similarly, a recent compilation of Nigeria Veterinary bibliography (1970-1983) did not include AIB and the disease until a previous report (Komolafe and Erojikwe, 1985) has not been described in Nigeria.In the present communication, a serological evidence based on the detection of AIR virus specific preci­pitating antibody in the sera of sufs­pected cases is reported.
Water Resources and Dry Matter Production for Livestock in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Ibeawuchi J. A.
Published: March 2021

A total of 141 lactation records from 70 F, Friesian d x Bunaji & cattle maintained at the National Veterinary Research Institute's dairy farin, Vom, from 1970 - 1975 was utilized. Measurements were made of milk production traits of economic importance, Average milk yield was 1694 kg in 258 days. Mean 305 - day yield was 1896 kg. The third and fourth lactations were superior to the first and second (P <0.05). Differences in lactation lengths were small (P >0.05). Peak production occurred at the fourth lacta tion when animals were 67 months old. Age at first calving averaged 29.7 months. Mean dry period and calving intervals were 64 and 331 days respectively. First calvers were non-significantly more persistent than older cows (P >0.05). Management practices essential for increased milk production and shorter calving intervals were suggested.
A NOTE ON PROTEIN REQUIREMENT OF FRIESIAN COWS FOR MAINTENANCE IN A TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ibeawuchi J. A. , Akinsoyinu A. O.
Published: March 2021

Four dry non pregnant Friesian cows averagely weighing 376 +19.2kg were in a 4x4 Latin square design, assigned to four dietary treatments: (A) hay (Digitaria ezilis), (B) hay plus brewers dried grains, (C) brewers dried grains plus 5% molasses and (D) brewers dried grains plus 10% molasses, to assess the protein requirement for maintenance. The mean metabolic faecal nitrogen (MFN) and endogenous urinary nitrogen (EUN) values were 0.361 0.022g/1003 DM intake and 0.079 0.024g/day /w0.75 kg respectively. The mean biological values (BV) were 53.5 72.4, 58.4 and 58.1 for treatinents A, B, C and D. These MFN EUN and BV values facilitated the use of factorial equation, which gave average daily digestible crude protein (DCP) requirement for maintenance as 1.45g/W0.75 kg (0.94 -- 2.85).
POULTRY OFFAL MEAL AS A PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT FOR LAYING HENS AND FINISHER BROILERS
Authors: UDEDIBIE A. B. I , ANYANWU G. , UKPAI U. I. , OYET A. J.
Published: March 2021

Two experiments were conducted to determine the value of poultry offal meal (POM) as a protein supplement for layers and finisher broilers, respectively, at dietary levels of O, 10, 15 and 20%. In the layer experiment, body weights of layers increased with increasing dietary levels of POM. Treatments effects on feed intakes were not significant but egg production as well as feed efficiency were significantly (P < 0.05) improved by POM. In the broiler experiment, feed intake, growth rate, feed efficiency ad weights of livers were significantly (P < 0.05) higher at 15 and 20% POM dietary levels. Abdominal fat became significantly (P < 0.05) higher as from 10% POM dietary level. Poultry offal meal (POM), the processed edible and inedible parts of poultry (viscera, feathers, beaks, blood, discarded eggs and dead birds), used in this study contained (on dry matter basis) crude protein 56.4%, crude fat 20.9%, total ash 7.7%, crude fibre 4.6%, metabolizable energy 3.18kcal/gm.
EVALUATION OF METHODS OF PROCESSING CHAYA LEAF MEAL (CLM) IN TERMS OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ON PERFORMANCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF CHICKS
Authors: Kese A. G. , Donkoh A. , Atuahene C. C. , Nkansah C.
Published: March 2021

Four processing methods, air drying, oven (mechanical) drying, fermentation and parboiling of chaya leaves, were evaluated for their effect on the chemical composition of the resulting dry leaves. They were evaluated further in terms of performance and some physiological parameters using 450 day-old cockerels. There were no significant (P>0.05) differences in chemical composition of the chaya leaf meal due to method of processing with the exception of the hydrogen cyanide content which were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the air dried and fermented meals. The feeding of diets incorporating 50g/kg feed of the variously processed chaya leaf meal did not significantly (P >0.05) affect final body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency, water intake and mortality of chicks, as compared to a chaya-free (control) diet. Treatment differences in blood cellular elements of chicks were not significant (P >0.05). Histological observations on the liver of chaya-fed birds indicated no morphological or gross issue changes.
EXTERNAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FOUR INDIGENOUS HELMETED GUINEA FOWL VARIETIES (Numida meleagris galeata Pallas 1882) IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ayorinde K. L.
Published: March 2021

The physical characteristics of 338 indigenous helmeted guinea fowls at 28 and 52 weeks of age were described. Four main colour types or varieties recognised were Ash (Lavender), Black, Pearl (Grey) and pure White. Body weights averaged 1.15 ± 0.03kg and 1.34 ± 0.05kg at 28 and 52 weeks of age respectively for the guinea cocks and 1.07 æ 0.04kg and 1.29 æ 0.06kg at 28 and 52 weeks respectively for the guinea hens. The overall mean body weight for the entire population was 1.1 ± 0.4kg at 28 weeks of age and 1.31 ± 0.07kg at 52 weeks of age. Body weights were significantly (P<.05) bigger at end of laying (52 weeks) than at pointof lay. The males at each age and in each variety also had larger body weights than the females. The guinea cocks had slightly longer body (43.1 vs 42.6cm), keel (14.8 vs 14.4cm), wing (20.3 vs 20.2cm), shank (8.4 vs 7.9cm), drum stick (13.1vs 12.4cm), thigh (9.9 vs 9.6cm), toes and claws, wattle (3.0 vs 2.6cm), jhelmet (3.7 vs 3.2cm), beak (2.7 vs 2.5cm) and larger body girth (30.3 vs 29.4cm) than the guinea hens. About 21.14 and 24.16% of the neck of the males and females respectively were devoid of feathers. Colour of the naked portion of the neck was bluish-black and bear long hair like filoplumes on the dorsalregion. The colour of the beak was light brown in all the birds. All the Black and White birds had light brown shanks while 28.9 and 37.5% of the Ash and Pearl birds, respectively had partly brown and partly grey shank. 62.5 and 28.6% of the Pearl and Ash birds respectively, had brown shanks while 42.6% of the Ash birds had grey shank. The colour of the wattle was red in all the birds. The great variation in the various parameters measured and weighed suggests that they can probably be used in selection and hence genetic improvement of the local helmeted guinea fowl.
EFFECTS OF QUANTITATIVE FEED RESTRICTION ON BROILER GROWTH AND ECONOMICS OF PRODUCTION
Authors: Nwachukwu E. N. , Ibe S. N.
Published: March 2021

The effects of quantitative feed restriction on broiler growth and monetary returns were investigated using two hundred and forty Cobb broiler chicks. Three levels of restriction namely, 5 10 and 15% of ad libitum intake, were randomly imposed on different groups. Birds that were restricted in the starter phase of growth were later full-fed in the finisher phase, and vice versa. Body weight was depressed by all levels of feed restriction considered. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was however not significantly affected. Although quantitative feed restriction significantly reduced feed cost the highest revenue was realized from control birds. All economic parameters considered did not show feed restriction as having advantage over full feeding.
The Occurrence and Inheritance of Wattle in Yankasa Sheep
Authors: Osinowo O. A. , Buvanendran V. , Koning M. L.
Published: March 2021

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SHORT-TERM EGG PRODUCTION AND PHYSICAL EGG CHARACTERISTICS IN A FLOCK OF HYBRID HUBBARD LAYERS
Authors: ASUQUO B. O. , OFOBRUKETA O.
Published: March 2021

Short-term egg production and characteristics were studied using a total of 200 Hubbard hybrid layers under the battery cage system for four months. Birds were fed on battery layer mash (4080 kcal/kg M.E., 15.31% crude protien). Age at first egg (AFE) was 146 days. The highesthen-day egg production was 60.84% obtained at the 4th week in lay. Average hen-day and hen- housed production percentages for the study period stood at 50.08 and 48.05 respectively. Average egg weight was 53.24g ± 3.07 (Standard) with mean egg-shell thickness of 0.48mm ± 0.02. Average daily feed intake was 153.05g ± 1.82 per bird giving an average feed consumption of 3.7kg per dozen eggs. Mean albumen, yolk and shell weights were 33.81g, 13.52g and 6.06g respectively.
Report on the Effect of Drought Condition on Livestock Production in North Western State
Authors: Jiya M.
Published: March 2021

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The Effects of Energy Intake During late Pregnancy on Lamb Birth Weights and Lactation of Nigerian Dwarf Sheep
Authors: Adu I. F. , Olaloku E. A. , Oyenuga V. A.
Published: March 2021

EIGHTEEN Nigerian Dwarf ewe lambs about eight months of age and weighing between 15 and 20 kg were divided into three groups, A, B, and C, and fed diets supplying 75, 100 and 125% of the ARC energy standards (1965) from the 15th week of pregnancy through lactation. Mean daily intakes during the last seven weeks of pregnancy were: dry matter 569, 748 and 826g: digestible organic matter 260, 496 and 593; and calculated metabolizable energy 0.99, 1.81 and 2.16 Mcal for groups A, B and respectively. The daily intakes during lactation were: 660, 748 and 857g of dry matter; 287, 593 and 690g of digestible organic matter and 1.05, 2.16 and 2.51 Mcal of calculated metabolizable energy for groups A, B and C respectively. Mean daily liveweight gains during the last seven weeks of pregnancy were 14.2, 99.0 and 90.0g and during lactation — 43.0, 7.9 and 10.4g for groups A, B and respectively, the differences being highly significant (P <0.01). Mean birth weights of lambs were 1.18, 1.78 and 1.82kg for groups A, B and C respectively, the differences not being significant. Weight gains of lambs were highly significantly correlated with milk yield of their ewes. During a 10-week lactation period the differences in milk yields were highly significant between groups, with average daily yields of 312, 480 and 533g, for A, B and respectively. Peak yields were 481, 697 and 670 g for the respective groups between the second and third weeks of lactation. The mean values for milk composition were: fat, which remained relatively constant throughout lactation, 6.00, 6.36 and 6.40%; protein 4.82, 5.63 and 5.78%; lactose 4.15, 4.30 and 4.34%; total solids, which showed no definite trends during lactation, 15.98, 16.88 and 16.95%; and gross energy, which decreased with advancing lactation, 6.12, 6.18 and 6.38kcal/g for groups A, B and C respectively, the differences not being significant.
Prevalence of Bovine Demodecosis in Northern Nigeria and its Possible Economic Effect of Animal Production
Authors: Oduye O. O.
Published: March 2021

The prevalence and importance of bovine dermatoses was studied by means of field surveys over a two year period. Demodecosis, a parasitic disease caused by a manage mite, Demodex folliculorum bovis, is the second most common and important skin disease of cattle in Northern Nigeria. The disease is less common in well managed government-owned herds than in local herds. About 3% of the 10 million cattle population of Northern Nigeria are affected by this disease which is responsible for downgrading of hides and skins. It is conservatively estimated that the disease is responsible for an annual loss of about N300,000 to the hide and skin industries.
Effects Of Blood Meal, Chicken Offal Meal And Fish Meal As Sources Of Methionine And Lysine In Starter Cockerels Diets
Authors: Nwokoro S.O.
Published: March 2021

The effects were studied of using combinations of plant protein sources, GNC, Palm Kernel cake, and cotton and seed cake diets, supplemented with 4 sources of methionine (M) and Lysine (L), synthetic M+L, blood meal + M, fish meal, or chicken offal meal (COM) in 8-Week 3 x 4 factorial experiment with starter cockerels. Sources of M and L did not affect mean daily gain of the birds but significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in feed intake, feed per gain ratio, protein efficiency ratio (PER), nitrogen retention (NR) as well as economy of feed conversion. Maximum weight, best feed conversion ratio, PER and economy of feed conversion were observed in the M+L dietary group followed by those on blood meal + M supplementary group where maximum NR was observed. The least response values (except NR) were obtained in the COM group. This study indicated that starter cockerels (0-8 weeks) fed diets supplemented with synthetic methionine and lysine gave the most optional performance.
THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SELECTED EGG QUALITY TRAITS AND EGG SIZE
Authors: Iposu S. O. , Onwuka C. F. I. , Eruvbetine D.
Published: March 2021

The relationships between selected egg quality traits and sizes of eggs were studied in a part of the South Western Nigeria with a view to egg marketers and to investigating the variation in egg quality egg size changes. 320 market eggs and 40 freshly-laid eggs collected from a poultry farm were used for the study in which egg weight, specific gravity, haugh units, percent yolk, percent albumen, shell thickness and percent shell measurements were obtained. Quality traits for small and large-sized eggs were observed as: Egg Weight (53.34 vs 67.07 g), shell thickness (0.375 mm Vs 0.377mm), Percent shell (9.60 Vs 8.94), specific gravity (1.073 1.069), haugh unit (67.65 Vs 61.38), Percent albumen (62.28 Vs 64.35) and percent yolk (28.13 Vs 26.71), respectively. Egg size was observed to correlate positively with percent albumen (P<0.05) and shell thickness. It, however, correlated negatively with all other quality traits measured. Regression models between eggsize and the various quality traits were also established. It was concluded that small-sized eggs could be of better quality in terms of the traits measured.
REPEATABILITY OF GROWTH TRAITS IN NIGERIAN LOCAL CHICKENS USING EARLY RECORDS
Authors: IBE S. N.
Published: March 2021

One hundred and ninety-six records of body weight (WT), shank length (SL), keel length (KL), breast width (BW) and a principal component measure of body size (PCI) from a closed random-mated population of Nigerian local chickens of mixed sexes and genotypes were analyzed, using two records (2- and 4 - Week) from each individual. The repeatability of body weight (0.12±0.071) was low, indicating that selection for 4-week body weight may not result in higher lifetime average body weight. On the other hand, PCI had a high repeatability of 0.55±0.050, indicating that an appreciable amount of genetic improvement in lifetime average body size can be realized by using this trait as selection criterion. PCI is therefore recommended for selection purposes as it is a more reliable measure of an animal's overall body size. Although repeatabilities of SL (0.33±0.064), KL (0.38±0.061) and BW (0.21±0.068) were moderate, selection based on them singly may not be useful in improving overall body growth of an animal, unless selection is designed to improve specific body areas of prime economic value.
THE NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF SOME COWPEA VARIETIES
Authors: OKE D. B. , TEWE O. O. , FETUGA B. L.
Published: March 2021

Five varieties of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) were analysed for their proximate composition, major mineral elements and carbohydrate fractions. Values for crude protein ranged from 25.80% to 28.95% while the ether extract, crude fibre, total ash and total carbohydrate had the following values: 1.83 - 2.37%, 3.06 - 4.48%, 5.80 - 7.10% and 50.46 - 55.76% respectively. The average values for phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium were 0.400%, 0.019%, 0.345%, 1.280% and 0.046% respectively. Ethanol soluble sugars ranged between 4.78g/100g and 6.14/100g while starch contents varied between 32.97g,100g and 44.269100g. Raffinose and stacliyose contents were 1.55 - 2.44g/100g and 3.33-435g/100g respectively.
COMPOSITION AND QUALITY OF FRESH COW MILK OFFERED FOR SALE IN PARTS OF PLATEAU STATE OF NIGERIA.
Authors: IBEAWUCHI J. A. , DALYOP D. M.
Published: March 2021

The gross composition and quality of fresh cow milk purchased from Fulani milk vendors in three locations of Plateau State were investigated. Milk quality was assessed by the methylene blue reduction test while bacterial contamination was by the agar plate count and the direct microscopic count. The mean contents of total solids, butterfat, protein and ash of a total of 100 samples from Barkin Ladi, Jos and Bukuru markets were 12.45, 4.77, 3.90, 0.92; 12.85, 4.50, 3.68, 0.93; and 12.41, 5.26, 3.72, 0.91% respectively. The proximate constituents did not differ significantly between locations. The methylene blue test indicated that only 23.5% of the sample were of good quality while 41.2 and 35.3% were rated fair and poor respectively. No sample merited excellent rating. The agar plate count showed a range of 1.97 x 106 for Bukuru to 2.54 x 106 cells/ml for Jos market. The direct microscopic count showed the highest mean bacteria value for Barkin Ladi samples. The high bacterial counts as observed were probably indicative of poor milking hygiene and handling. It is suggested that such milk should be properly pasteurized before consumption and delivered/marketed early at source to reduce the time for microbial multiplication.
DYNAMICS OF VILLAGE POULTRY PRODUCTION IN THE KEITA REGION OF NIGER
Authors: Bell J. G. , Abodu I.
Published: March 2021

The dynamics of the village poultry population was studied in the region of Keita in Niger. A weekly survey was carried out for 8 weeks in the dry season and 8 weeks in the rainy season in 47 families chosen at random in five villages. The principal species raised were: chickens, guinea fowl, pigeons and ducks. In 85% of cases, poultry was owned by men and in 15% by women. Pigeons were kept by children. Feed and housing were rudimentary. Mortality was essentially due to predation of chicks and of growers while other losses were through trampling, drowning and rain. Mortality due to disease was negligible during the periods of the survey. Mortality and predation were responsible for 83% of offtakes from chickens and 43% from guinea fowl. A greater proportion of guinea fowl (57%) were consumed and sold than chickens (14%).
EFFECT OF DIETARY LEVELS OF UNPROCESSED AND UNDEHULLED SUNFLOWER SEEDMEAL ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS.
Authors: OKONKWO A. C. , OKETOLA F. A.
Published: March 2021

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding graded levels of unprocessed and undehulled sunflower  seed meal, on the performance of laying hens. One hundred and fifty Black Harco layers in their second month of egg production were randomly alloted to five diets in which sunflower  seed meal (SSM) was tested at levels of 0, 2.5, 5.0,  7.5 and 10.0% of the diets for a ten week period. Average daily feed intake (ADFI), egg weights,  egg shell thickness, yolk index and Haugh units did not show any significant (P>0.05)  treatment effects. SSM significantly (P<0.05)  increased per cent egg production at 7.5 and 10.0% levels over control. Body weight was  significantly (P<0.05) depressed by 5.0 and 10.0% SSM, Dressed carcass weight (% liveweight) of birds on 7.5% SSM was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of birds on the rest of the diets. Hens on 7.5 and 10% SSM had intestines which were significantly (P<0.05) longer than the intestines of hens on the other diets, Caecum length of birds on 10% SSM was significantly laying hens. (P<0.05) higher than those of birds on diets 1  to 4;  these beans however showed no significant treatment effect on their caeca length. Liver, gizzard and net carcass weights were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by SSM. The effect of SSM on egg production would seem to recommend 7.5% as the optimum level inclusion.
RESPONSE OF BREEDER RABBITS TO VARYING LEVELS OF PELLET IN A MIXED FEEDING REGIME
Authors: ASUQUO B. O.
Published: March 2021

The response of breeder rabbits to five levels ofl for breeding rabbits rabbit pellets (100, 80, 60, 40 and 20%) in a mixed feeding regime with Ipoinea batatas vines was examined. Thirty sexually mature New Zealand White rabbits, 5 bucks and 25 does, literature on optimuri pellet combination level were used with the aim of determining the most economic and optimum level under the humid environment. Average litter sizes at birth and weaning and litter weaning weight were not significantly (P>0.05) different between diets containing 100 and 80% pellet but these differed significantly (P <0.05) from others. Average litter weight gains (0-35 days) for the various pellet levels were 2102.91g (100%), 2105.27 (80%), 1802.47g (60%), 1285.01g (40%)and 1202.77g (20%). Mortalities were not significantly different (P>0.05) among the diets. From the economic standpoint therefore, a diet with 80% pellet could be considered optimum, based on results on litter sizes, litter weight at weaning and mortality.
THE EFFECTS OF BROILER LITTER AS PROTEIN SOURCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BUNAJI (WHITE FULANI) BULL CALVES
Authors: BELEWU M. A. , ADENEYE J. A.
Published: March 2021

Effect on Voluntary feed intake and Intensive livestock production in recent digestibility when growing cattle consuming forage were supplemented with autoclaved broiler litter (ABL) was investigated. Four, 8-11 months old Bunaji bull calves (82.20kg mean initial BW) in a 4x4 Latin squuare with 21-d periods consuming Panicum Maximum hay ad libitum were randomly alloted to treatments. Concentrate supplement treatments with A (Control, 20 ABL), B (20%), C (40%) and (60%)ABL levels respectively. Calves consumed an average of 1882.25g DM, 165, CP from the sole hay ration. As ABL inclusion increased in the concentrated diets, mean intake crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (CF), and detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and cellulose increased EE decreased significantly (P<0.01). quality, depending largely on type of bedding The digestibilities of the DM, CP, CF, ADF, NDF and cellulose of ration A that contained the highest CW (98%) and the least CP (5.14%) where energy content is low (FAO, 1980). Reduction significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those of ABL of chergy content resulting from the based rations B to D. gain was  greatest (P<0.05) for rations D. Gain:DM intake was greater with ABL than without (0.07,  0.40.0.16 and 0.17 for control A, B, C, and D diets The MFN: FN ratio declined as  dietary nitrogen level increased. The results. emphasised the need to supplement the feeding The digestible energy concentration of the of Bunaji cattle with a concentrate diet that Insight simply consist of a combination of roughage (Fontenot and Jurubescu, cassava wastes meal (CWM) and autoclaved broiler litter (ABL), the best of which was shown in this study to be 60% ABL and 38% CWM offered ad Libitum.
ASSESSMENT OF ABATTOIR AND SLAUGHTER SLAB OPERATIONS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: ABIOLA S. S.
Published: March 2021

A study of daily activities at 15 registered slaughter points in Oyo State was conducted for six months. A total of 43,087 animals were slaughtered during the period. Cattle accounted. for 62.06%, sheep 4.50%, goats 28.13% and pigs 5.31% of the total. Make species were slaughtered in most cases. Ante-mortem inspection was restricted to the two abattoirs in the state while stunning of pigs was only observed in one of the abattoirs. Processing blood and bones for livestock feeds was common the operations to all the slaughter points in Ibadan. However, inadequate water supply and poor drainage were the major problems identified in most of the slaughter points.