bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DAILY SLEEP AND THE PITTSBURGH SLEEP QUALITY INDEX (PSQI) AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Chai Hye Won , Gamaldo Alyssa , Gamaldo Charlene , Stephan Abigail , Phillips Christine , Ross Lesley
Published: January 2025

While the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is widely used in sleep research, it is based on adults’ retrospective memory which may be subject to recall bias. Daily measures of sleep using smartphones may supplement PSQI by providing a more ecologically valid snapshot of respondents’ sleep patterns. However, there is a limited understanding about whether and how daily reports of sleep (over 14 days) map onto PSQI scores among older adults. This study aims to explore the associations between diverse measures of daily sleep and PSQI in later life. We used baseline survey and diary data from the Everyday Function Intervention Trial on 95 older adults (age range: 60-88). Daily measures of sleep included overall means and day-to-day variations in sleep quality, difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and feeling refreshed after wake across two weeks. Results revealed that higher overall mean levels of difficulty falling asleep was associated with higher total PSQI score (i.e., worse sleep). Higher overall mean levels of sleep quality were associated with several PSQI subscales (less sleep disturbance, better sleep efficiency, and higher subjective quality of sleep). Higher day-to-day variations in sleep quality was associated with better PSQI sleep efficiency and higher variations in feeling refreshed after wake was associated with longer PSQI sleep latency. These results suggest that daily measures of sleep may be tapping onto different dimensions of PSQI and further highlight the need to incorporate diverse measures of sleep to have a more holistic understanding of sleep patterns in later life.
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF AN EIGHT-WEEK LIFESTYLE INTERVENTION ON REST-ACTIVITY RHYTHM IN ADULTS
Authors: Zhang Meina , Voss Michelle , Carr Lucas , Whitaker Kara , Springer Jenna , Moon Chooza
Published: January 2025

Rest activity rhythm (RAR) describes the pattern of physical activity and sleep in 24 hours. Disruptions in RAR have been associated with various age-related chronic conditions, including sleep disorders, depression, and increased risk for cognitive decline. Few studies examined if RAR changes from intervention that includes both physical activity and sleep components. This study investigated the effects of an 8-week lifestyle intervention targeting the full 24-hour activity profile (physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) on RAR. Participants engaged in up to five sessions with a student health coach, viewed three health education videos targeting physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, and received an Acttrust2 activity monitor. A cohort of 26 participants (mean age = 49.3 years, SD = 11.1; 73.1% female) was monitored using wrist-worn Acttrust2 devices for one week pre- and post-intervention to observe changes in RAR. RAR parameters were analyzed using cosinor approach, such as amplitude (maximum activity level), mesor (mean activity level), pseudo-F-statistic (the robustness of RAR), and acrophase (peak activity time). The intervention showed mixed effects on RAR parameters. While not statistically significant, positive changes were observed in amplitude (Cohen’s d=0.24) and mesor (Cohen’s d=0.12). Conversely, the pseudo-F-statistic (Cohen’s d = -0.002) and acrophase (Cohen’s d=-0.02) remained stable post-intervention. Although statistically significant changes in RAR parameters were not observed, encouraging trends suggest the potential for the intervention to influence maximum and mean physical activity level. These findings contribute to our understanding of lifestyle interventions in adults and highlight areas for further research and intervention refinement.
SLEEP AND CORTISOL IMPACT COGNITIVE OUTCOMES IN MIDLIFE HISPANIC/LATINE ADULTS AT RISK FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Burke Shanna , Gonzales Samantha , Grudzien Adrienne , Cambara Celine , Briceno Alexandra , Jimenez Daniel , Scott Stephanie , Martinez Sabrina Sales
Published: January 2025

Sleep disturbance has been associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Repeated stressors, including ongoing sleep disturbance, trigger persistent increases in glucocorticoid levels, which affect brain function. Various cognitive domains appear to be significantly impacted by sleep. This study examined the effect of sleep and cortisol levels on cognitive test outcomes. Hispanic/Latine adults (n=39; mean age 53 yrs (SD: 5.12)) with first-degree relatives with AD were recruited from Miami-Dade and Broward counties, FL. Cortisol was measured from saliva obtained three times in one day (waking, 30 minutes post-waking, and bedtime). Cognition was measured using the NACC Neuropsychological Battery (UDS3). Sleep was measured using wrist-worn actigraphy (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT). Multiple linear regression was performed to examine correlations between sleep, cognition, and cortisol. Average sleep duration was 6.40 (SD = 1.37) hours. Average efficiency was 92% (SD = 3%). Average sleep fragmentation was 27.79 (SD = 9.59) minutes post-sleep onset. Sleep efficiency was significantly associated with executive attention after adjusting for education and income (β = -18.73, p =.046). Sleep fragmentation was significantly associated with immediate memory (β = -.045, p =.0181). The effect of cortisol at waking on episodic memory delayed was dependent on sleep efficiency (β = 211.004, p =.031). The interaction between sleep duration and cortisol at bedtime was significantly associated with nonverbal memory (β =10.37, p =.023). The identification of modifiable risk factors for AD, including poor sleep and increased stress, will inform the development of intervention efforts to prevent or delay AD onset.
SLEEP ARCHITECTURE IN OLDER ADULT INTENSIVE CARE UNIT SURVIVORS
Authors: Carmiol-Rodriguez Priscilla , Elias Maya
Published: January 2025

Sleep is highly fragmented in older adults recovering from critical illness, despite discharge out of an intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to measure nighttime sleep architecture in older ICU survivors after ICU discharge to a post-ICU inpatient unit. The sample consisted of 13 older ICU survivors who were functionally independent prior to hospitalization, mechanically ventilated in ICU, and enrolled within 24-48 hours after ICU discharge at an academic medical center. Sleep architecture was measured via a portable polysomnography sleep monitoring device (Sleep Profiler) between 10:00 PM-6:00 AM over two consecutive nights. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the one-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test evaluated the differences between the time spent in each sleep stage in our sample of older ICU survivors versus the established norms for healthy older adults. Among our sample, participants were awake approximately 53.4% (interquartile range [IQR]: 45.0) of nighttime hours. The median percentages of the sleep stages were: stage N1 = 2.1% (IQR: 6.65); stage N2 = 26.35% (IQR: 41.63); stage N3 = 0.8% (IQR: 6.33); and stage REM = 0.15% (IQR: 7.6). Results indicated that the median percentages of the sleep stages N1, N2, N3, and REM were significantly lower than the expected reference values for each sleep parameter (p < 0.05). Therefore, older ICU survivors may experience insufficient slow wave sleep and REM sleep, which are vital for recovery from critical illness. Further interdisciplinary research is needed to optimize sleep in the post-ICU inpatient setting.
SLEEPLESS SUPPORT: CAREGIVER SLEEP QUALITY AND ITS CORRELATES
Authors: Erickson Alexander , McCurry Susan , Kelly Monica , Papazyan Anna , Camacho Karen , Mitchell Michael , Martin Jennifer , Song Yeonsu
Published: January 2025

Adult caregivers of people living with dementia (PLWD) experience poor sleep, negatively impacting their ability to take a caregiving role. This study explored associations between caregiver sleep quality and factors at caregiver and PLWD levels. Participants were 45 caregiver-PLWD dyads, with a majority identifying as female (n=36; 75%), non-Hispanic white (n=19;39%), and having some college education (n=39; 87%). Caregiver sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI global score and three subscales: Sleep Efficiency, Perceived Sleep Quality, and Daily Disturbances). Other measures included the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist (RMBPC) frequency and caregiver distress subscales, PLWD activities of daily living (ADLs), and PLWD Sleep Disorders Inventory (SDI) total score. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and t-tests. On average, caregivers endorsed poor global sleep quality (PSQI; mean of overall score). Higher caregiver Daily Disturbances scores were associated with higher ZBI scores (r=.33, p=.03), lower PLWD’s ADL functioning (r=-.35, p<.001), higher RMBPC frequency (r=.31, p=.04), and higher SDI (r=.39, p=.008). Higher caregiver age was associated with better PSQI global sleep quality (r=-.35, p=.02) and lower Daily Disturbance subscale scores (r=-.49, p<.001). Poor Sleep Efficiency subscale scores were associated with more sleep problems of PLWD (r=.38, p=.01), and caregivers of non-White race had significantly worse sleep efficiency (t(43)=3.17, p=.003). Caregivers of PLWD generally reported poor sleep, which was associated with caregiver burden, care recipient function and behavioral impairments. Addressing PLWD’s sleep and dementia-related behavioral challenges may help caregivers improve their sleep quality.
THE LONGITUDINAL EFFECTS OF PERSISTENT PAIN AND SLEEP HEALTH ON FRAILTY AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Chen Tuo Yu , Mgabhi Philile , Tsai Feng-Jen , Bai Chyi-Huey , Hsu Hui-chuan , Chen Yi-Hua , Kuan Yi-Chun
Published: January 2025

Research has shown that persistent pain can affect frailty of community-dwelling older adults. Additionally, evidence supports the significant association of sleep health with persistent pain and frailty. However, the relationship between persistent pain, sleep health, and frailty is not yet fully understood, and it remains unclear whether better sleep health could alleviate the impact of persistent pain on frailty. We investigated whether baseline sleep health and persistent pain predicted frailty at 4-year follow-up among community-dwelling older adults. Besides, we examined whether the relationship between persistent pain and frailty differed by sleep health. Data were from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (N=2,562;2011-2015). A frailty index was built using 37 items on functioning and physical and mental health. Persistent pain was measured with a 5-level categorical variable (no pain [reference], mild pain, mild persistent pain, moderate persistent pain, severe persistent pain). Sleep health was assessed using the SATED model (satisfaction-alertness-timing-efficiency-duration). Covariates included baseline sociodemographic status (age,sex,education), errors in cognitive tests, frailty, and poor health behaviors (drinking,lack of exercise). Results showed that baseline moderate persistent pain (OR=1.44,95%CI=1.03-2.01), severe persistent pain (OR=1.65, 95%CI=1.06-2.57), and poor sleep health (OR=1.14,95%CI=1.04-1.26) increased the risks of frailty at 4-year follow-up. A significant synergistic effect between persistent pain and sleep health was observed, such that the risks of frailty were reduced among individuals with better sleep health, even with more severe persistent pain. Overall, persistent pain and sleep health predicted frailty. Improving sleep health among older adults with persistent pain may help mitigate the risks of frailty.
RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF INTERGENERATIONAL DEMOGRAPHIC EVOLUTION ON COMMUNITY SERVICES IN CHINA (2024–2050)
Authors: Wu Yuxia , Si Wanwan , Mi Hong
Published: January 2025

Facing the dual challenges of population aging and a declining birthrate, China is actively promoting mutual assistance and support among multiple generations through a combination of policies and coordinated services. Utilizing datasets from multiple Chinese censuses and the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study employs microsimulation models to establish predictive frameworks for both population intergenerational shifts and service demands. It delves into the trajectories of generational transitions and their subsequent impact on community-based services over the forthcoming 25 years in China. Building upon the long-term care practices and experiences in generational integration within OECD nations, the study proposes phased service policy alignments and synergistic strategies.The research underscores that defining parameters such as demographic structures, health statuses, care paradigms, and multi-generational dynamics, along with segmenting service recipients and fine-tuning policies and service collaborations, enables precision targeting and flexible adjustments in community services. This, in turn, fosters “upward intergenerational” connections — where individuals in their early senior years provide informal caregiving to those who are significantly older and may have physical limitations — and “downward intergenerational” bonds — in which grandparents contribute to the upbringing of their grandchildren. Such arrangements not only reinforce societal bonds but also alleviate the caregiving responsibilities of families, particularly those with members in their mid-30s to mid-40s, who often juggle between child-rearing and older adults care responsibilities.
POSTING SHORT-FORM VIDEOS PROMOTES OLDER ADULTS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH: A MODEL BASED ON SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY
Authors: Wu Jingxuan , Peng Huamao
Published: January 2025

Objectives

This study focuses on how posting behaviors of older adults on short-form video platforms (e.g., TikTok) influences depression and reveals the psychological mechanism (satisfying basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness) from the perspective of the Self-Determination Theory and uncover whether browsing behavior moderates this effect. Method: A total of 1705 older adults aged 55 to 83 years were instructed to complete the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Short-form Video Usage Behavior Questionnaire, and the Basic Psychological Needs Scale. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0.

Results

1) Older adults posting short-form videos exhibit lower levels of depression compared to those who have never posted short-form videos through the mediations of greater competence (indirect effect = -.15) and autonomy (indirect effect = -.05), and the indirect effect of autonomy becomes insignificant when the diversity of browsing behaviors is high. 2) Among older adults posting short-form videos, posting short-form videos frequently decreases depression through competence (indirect effect = -.16), autonomy (indirect effect = -.04), and relatedness (indirect effect = -.06), regardless of the diversity of browsing behaviors.

Discussion

This study highlights the positive effect of posting short-form videos on older adults’ psychological health by satisfying basic psychological needs. For those unable or unwilling to post videos, diversifying browsing behaviors can improve autonomy and safeguard psychological health. These findings emphasize older adults’ initiative and creativity, along with the importance of lifelong competence development, and present new strategies to support successful aging in the era of Internet-based media.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELF-EFFICACY IN SMARTPHONE USE SCALE FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Cheng Yutian , Gondo Yasuyuki
Published: January 2025

Currently, a large proportion of older adults are still unable to use smartphone functions, except for calling or dialing. Considering the strategy to accelerate smartphone use, developing a tool to assess users’ confidence is important for future intervention studies. Thus, this study aimed to develop the scale for measuring the self-efficacy of smartphone use for older adults. We came up with 38 items first, derived former researches and some of developed own experience from smartphone lecture held for older adults. We conducted an internet survey for Japanese older adults aged 60 to 89, totally 400 participants (50% are female). Exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis with general self-efficacy were conducted. By deleting those items which factor loading was too low or correlation with general analysis was not significant, the final questionnaire turned out to be 26 items. Further factor analysis revealed a three-factorial solution with good reliability (Cronbach alpha is 0.926). Three factors are named as Confidence (Cronbach alpha is 0.928), Problem Solving (Cronbach alpha is 0.904), and Realization of Benefit (Cronbach alpha is 0.855). Scores of self-efficacy of smartphone use showed significant positive correlations between general self-efficacy, which means high level of construct validity. With the development of this scale, it found out to be more than one dimension of self-efficacy in smartphone use, provided more precise assessment for further study. In further application research, we hope to develop a shorter version so it can reduce older adults’ burden.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION BELIEF INDEX FOR FAMILY CAREGIVERS
Authors: Wakui Tomoko , Watanabe Kentaro , Miwa Hiroyasu , Itoh Sakiko
Published: January 2025

In highly aged societies, the technology integration into community care settings is promoted. Despite this, real-world adoption faces hurdles because of the common belief that care provided by humans is inherently superior. This gap highlights the absence of specific measures to assess this belief. This study aims to develop the Technology Integration Belief Index for Family Caregivers (TIBI-FC), which evaluates family caregivers’ attitudes towards technology use in long-term care. We conducted a survey with 2,002 family caregivers of older adults living in the community, selected in proportion to the national percentage of older population in need of care. Using SPSS 29.0 and Amos 29, we carried out exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Model fit was evaluated using the comparative fit index (CFI) and the root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). The participant group was 42.2% female, with the average age of 60.0 (SD = 10.7). The finalized TIBI-FC, comprising 14 items, was categorized into two dimensions: efficiency and stereotype. The first factor, efficiency, included six items, while the second, stereotype, comprised eight items, demonstrating a robust two-factor structure (CFI =.972, RMSEA =.060). This structure suggests that the TIBI-FC effectively captures the nuanced beliefs about technology integration in care. Importantly, the development of the TIBI-FC not only sheds light on existing challenges but also sets the stage for future strategies to enhance technology acceptance among family caregivers, potentially transforming the landscape of long-term care.
THE FEASIBILITY OF PERFORMING A VIRTUAL REALITY MEAL-PREPARING TASK IN YOUNG AND OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Jayakody Oshadi , Pa Judy , Verghese Joe , Doriwala Hussain , Carrera Robert , Agrawal Sunil , Blumen Helena
Published: January 2025

Virtual reality (VR) is an innovative technology to use in Alzheimer’s clinical trials to improve cognitive and behavioral skills in older adults. However, the application of VR in older adults raises questions regarding their ability to use VR platforms and concerns regarding simulator sickness (i.e., dizziness). We compared the task completion time, accuracy, simulator sickness and acceptability of a virtual meal-preparing task between 8 young (M age 25, SD 2.6, M years of education 17.1 SD 1.6, 50% women) and 8 older adults at risk for dementia (M age 76.3, SD 7.9, M years of education 12.9 SD 8.3, 62.5% women, 62.5% Black or Hispanic, screened with AD8 dementia screening). Following a practice task, all participants completed the meal-preparing task developed using Unity 3D (V2022 LTS). Participants were seated, wore a headset, and used wireless hand controllers to navigate and perform the task. Results from two-sample t-test showed that i) older adults took a longer time to complete the task (75 Vs 235 seconds; p< 0.001) and ii) made more errors (p=0.04) compared to young adults but no participants reported simulator sickness (i.e., dizziness, headache, eyestrain, etc.). All participants reported high self-efficacy in performing similar virtual tasks. This pilot study shows that, even though older adults required more guidance during the practice task, they were still able to complete a simple virtual task within an average of < 5 minutes. Additionally, they reported high acceptability (i.e., self-efficacy, level of enjoyment) and willingness to engage in future VR interventions.
AGE-FRIENDLY ESCAPE ROOM: A POLYPHARMACY QUANDARY
Authors: Yang Betsy , Park Caroline , Davis Carter , Weith Joanne , Kang Simeon , Tee Silvia , Gould Christine , Shastri Vinita
Published: January 2025

Gamification, or adding elements like interactivity and puzzle-solving to teaching, has the potential to promote engagement in geriatric medical education. We organized a 60-minute escape room at a regional internal medicine conference to teach the 4Ms (What Matters, Medications, Mobility, and Mentation) Age-Friendly framework to interprofessional providers through gamification. 15 interprofessional participants received a short patient case and formed small teams to “Escape the Room” by rotating through each of the respective stations of 4Ms, moderated by interdisciplinary preceptors, to learn about salient points of geriatric care with the specific “M” in mind for the patient case. At the end of their 4 station rotations, participants received a clue to solve the final puzzle using the 4Ms framework which answers the question “Which medication will we deprescribe first to treat our patient experiencing cognitive impairment, polypharmacy, and falls?” From the retrospective post-then-pre questionnaire, we evaluated participants’ confidence and knowledge of 4Ms and workshop effectiveness. Results showed significant improvement in participants’ confidence (2.73) and knowledge (2.24) of 4Ms (on a 10-point Likert Scale, p< 0.01, n=15, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test). Participants strongly agreed with recommending the workshop to others (μ=4.9 out of 5, SD=0.4) and applying 4Ms to their practice (μ=4.9 out of 5, SD=0.3). Qualitative feedback indicated the escape room was both “useful” and “engaging”, though some participants recommended allotting more time to the activity. With this workshop, we demonstrated that an interprofessional escape room can teach important geriatric concepts in an effective and engaging manner.
OPTIMIZING CARE OF OLDER ADULTS BY USING 4MS AT A COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER
Authors: Arias Karla Tejada , Hernandez Elizabeth , De Jesus Jane Borrero , Rink Andrea , Marottoli Richard , Ouellet Jennifer , Fry Noelle , Wu Barry
Published: January 2025

Given the increasing needs of the aging population and limited availability of geriatricians, it is crucial for community healthcare centers to develop effective approaches for geriatric care. Fair Haven Community Health Care, implemented the 4Ms Framework of Age-Friendly Care, from the Institute for Healthcare Improvement for patients 65 and older starting July 2023 at two different clinical sites. We employed screening tools and interdisciplinary team including patient-access, medical assistants, nurses, clinicians and resident physicians, to evaluate cognitive health, mobility, and medication regimens, prioritizing patient-centered care. The Electronic Medical Record was enhanced to include fall risk and cognitive assessments. Feasibility was assessed through surveys. This intervention has been applied to 196 patients, 54% of whom identified as Hispanic, 29% white and 13% African American. A staff survey (N=23) revealed a 100% satisfaction rate, with no adverse effects on workflow. Overall visit times remained consistent, with rooming times for patients under the 4Ms framework increasing by only 11%, indicating no substantial impact on workflow efficiency. Additionally, patient satisfaction increased considerably, with patients reporting a greater sense of involvement in their healthcare decision-making process and felt their care was aligned with their priorities, demonstrating a successful transition to patient-centered care. Thus, we have demonstrated that the 4Ms framework can be integrated into standard care for older adults in a busy community health center. This successful integration highlights our ability to deliver evidence-based care and boost patient involvement, signaling a positive transition towards personalized, patient-centered healthcare delivery for this vulnerable demographic.
GRIEF AND BEREAVEMENT SUPPORT FOR STAFF IN LONG-TERM CARE HOMES: IDENTIFYING BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS
Authors: Randa-Beaulieu Cari , Chaudhury Habib , Puurveen Gloria , Pauly Theresa
Published: January 2025

Admissions of older adults to long-term care are occurring at more advanced ages with more complex care needs, resulting in shorter lengths of stay before death and an increased demand for a palliative approach to care. However, long-term care staff often lack access to sustainable educational, organizational, and interpersonal support in end-of-life care, and must learn on the job while facing death in the workplace. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review of literature on grief and bereavement support for long-term care staff. Following PRISMA-Scoping Review guidelines and the six-step framework by Levac and colleagues, social sciences databases were searched and data were analyzed through narrative synthesis and the creation of infographics. Fifty-eight studies met inclusion criteria. Strategies, interventions, and rituals were organized into five domains:1) Cultural Attitudes Toward Death and Unmet Need for Support; 2) Organizational Policy and Practice; 3) Formal Peer-support; 4) Informal Peer-support; and 5) Individual Beliefs and Self-Care Practices influenced by temporal aspects. Identifying barriers and facilitators of grief support for long-term care staff, and hospice and palliative care specialists’ practices, can offer more holistic and effective approaches to long-term care staff wellness to combat burnout and staff turnover. Grief rituals present scalable, holistic approaches fostering long-term care staff wellness that could be explored in future research to collaboratively build long-term care staff capacity for person-centered end-of-life care.
EFFECTS OF A STAGED INTEGRAL ART-BASED COGNITIVE INTERVENTION FOR OLDER ADULTS ON THE ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE SPECTRUM
Authors: Yan Yuanjiao , Huang Chenshan , Shi Yanhong , Lin Rong , Li Hong
Published: January 2025

Background

The combined art activities can prevent or reverse the cognitive decline. However, few studies have systematically examined its effects. To evaluate the effects of a staged integral art-based cognitive intervention (SIACI) in older adults on the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) spectrum.

Methods

Participants were randomised in a 1:1 ratio into an intervention group (n=72) and a wait-list control group (n=72). The intervention group underwent a 16-week, 24-session SIACI program, while the control group underwent the program after the follow-up assessment. General and specific domains of cognitive function, and other health-related outcomes were measured at baseline (T0), immediately after the intervention (T1), and 6 months follow-up (T2).

Results

Of the 144 participants (mean [SD] age, 71.6 [5.8] years; 50 [34.7%] males and 94 [65.3%] females), 130 and 115 completed the questionnaires at T1 and T2, respectively. The average attendance rate in the intervention group was 86.0%. At T1, the intervention group showed greater improvement than the control group in general cognitive functions (MoCA, between-group mean difference, 95% CIs, 0.4 to 2.5, p=0.009). Additionally, the intervention group demonstrated statistically significant improvement compared to the control group in language, memory, quality of life, sleep quality and physical activity level at T1. Statistically significant group differences remained in sleep quality (PSQI, between-group mean difference, -1.3 [95% CIs, -2.5 to -0.1], p=0.035) at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: In this randomised controlled trial of the SIACI program, older adults on the AD spectrum who participated in the program experienced improved cognition and psychological health.
ENABLING PRIORITIZATION FOR AMYLOID POSITIVITY TESTING WITH A DIGITAL COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT
Authors: Jannati Ali , Thompson Karl , Toro-Serey Claudio , Banks Russell , Showalter John , Bates David , Tobyne Sean , Pascual-Leone Alvaro
Published: January 2025

Primary care providers currently wait for a complaint to initiate a ‘for-cause’ cognitive evaluation and often refer the patient to a specialist. Specialist evaluation then leads to the diagnosis, but treatment occurs late and is unlikely to meaningfully prevent or reduce disability. We hypothesized a brief digital cognitive assessment (DCA), the Digital Clock and Recall (DCR), could concurrently identify CI and predict PET Aβ status, thereby providing an efficient means for timely identification and prioritization of patients for disease-modifying treatments. 930 participants (age 72.0±6.7; 56.8% female; 23% minorities) were classified as cognitively unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment, or probable Alzheimer’s dementia, and 35.1% were Aβ+ on 18F-florbetapir PET scan. DCR-based models were compared with blood-based biomarkers (BBMs) Aβ42/40, pTau-181, and pTau-217, which poorly classified CI (AUCs=0.63, 0.66, 0.72) but accurately classified Aβ status (AUCs=0.81, 0.78, 0.89). DCR accurately classified CI and predicted Aβ status (AUCs=0.85, 0.83). Moreover, combining the DCR with Aβ42/40, pTau-181, and pTau-217 improved their Aβ-status prediction performance to AUCs of 0.882, 0.835, and 0.905, respectively. DCR was superior to BBMs in detecting cognitive impairment and boosted their Aβ-PET prediction ability to levels comparable to CSF biomarkers. We propose a workflow in which implementation of DCAs such as the DCR facilitates early identification of individuals with MCI or early dementia likely due to AD, thanks to the concurrent classification of CI and accurate prediction of Aβ PET status.
ENTORHINAL CORTEX THICKNESS IS ASSOCIATED WITH FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION VULNERABILITY IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Fenton Laura , Salminen Lauren , Lim Aaron , Weissberger Gali , Nguyen Annie , Axelrod Jenna , Noriega-Makarskyy Daisy , Han Duke
Published: January 2025

Research suggests that increased financial exploitation vulnerability (FEV) due to declining decision making may be an early behavioral manifestation of brain changes occurring in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD). One of the earliest documented brain changes during this preclinical phase is neurodegeneration of the entorhinal cortex. The objective of the current study was to examine the association between a measure of FEV and thickness of the entorhinal cortex in 97 older adults without cognitive impairment (mean age (SD) = 68.72 (7.45); mean education (SD) = 16.52 (2.14); 76% female; 76% White). We also investigated FEV associations with frontal regions typically associated with decision making (e.g., dorsolateral and ventromedial prefrontal cortices). Exploratory analyses investigated the interactive effect of age and cortical thickness on FEV. Results showed that greater FEV was associated with significantly lower entorhinal cortex thickness (B = -0.05, SE = 0.02, p = 0.04), but not with thickness in frontal regions. There was a significant interaction between age and entorhinal cortex thickness on FEV, whereby lower entorhinal cortex thickness was associated with greater FEV in older participants (B = -0.01, SE = 0.003, p = 0.04). When the group was split according to age using a median split (70+; < 70 years old), lower entorhinal cortex thickness was associated with greater FEV only in the older group (B = -0.10, SE = 0.04, p = 0.01). Collectively these findings support the notion that FEV may serve as an early behavioral manifestation of preclinical AD before noticeable cognitive impairment.
NATIVITY STATUS AND SUCCESSFUL AGING IN LATINX OLDER ADULTS: FINDINGS FROM A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
Authors: Basic Ajla , Khan Mushira
Published: January 2025

Previous research has underscored the dynamic relationship between health and aging, highlighting the significant influence of social, cultural, and environmental factors on aging outcomes in racial and/or ethnic minority older adults. Building on the extant literature, this cross-sectional study explores the relationship between nativity status and successful aging in community-dwelling Latinx adults 50+, examining whether being born in the U.S. or having immigrated (first-generation immigrant) influences the process of aging well. A total of 141 Latinx older adults (mean age = 62.83; 65.9% female) residing in Chicagoland completed paper surveys. Measures included the successful aging scale, short acculturation scale, well-being indicators including affiliation (social connectedness), autonomy (personal control), and achievement (personal growth), and sociodemographic variables. Findings from multiple regressions revealed that nativity status (U.S. born) moderated the relationship between successful aging and age (F(3, 130)=3.56, p < 0.05), gender(F(3, 133)=5.08, p< 0.05), autonomy (F(3, 134)=2.56, p < 0.05), and self-reported health (F(3,136)=8.83, p < 0.05). These findings suggest that experiences of aging in Latinx older adults can differ depending on whether a person was born in the US or immigrated, indicating the importance of considering factors such as cultural attitudes toward aging, migration and settlement processes, and differential access to resources. Furthermore, cultural norms and expectations surrounding gender roles may be experienced differently by U.S. born Latinx older adults and first-generation immigrants, impacting caregiving, health maintenance, and social support networks. Future research should explore in-depth the mechanisms through which nativity status influences perceptions of aging well in Latinx older adults.
A SURVEY OF MICROGLIA ASSOCIATION WITH AMYLOID PLAQUE IN 3XTG ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE MODELS
Authors: Asante-Danso Anthony , Abdelmageed Mofida , Paul Anirban
Published: January 2025

Brain aging is characterized by a progressive functional decline of cellular and molecular mechanisms that affect most living organisms. These mechanisms’ decline is the primary risk factor for many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). In neurodegenerative diseases like AD, extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and microglial activation are critical facets that influence disease progression. Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, play a key role in maintaining brain homeostasis and eliminating these Aβ forms through phagocytosis. However, increased microglia association with amyloid plaque can lead to neuroinflammation, thus creating a more neurotoxic environment in the brain, leading to further AD progression and neuronal loss. Little research examines how this association of microglia and amyloid plaque differs with sex or age. To address research gaps, we are using wild-type and triple transgenic human-induced AD models (3xTg-AD) of female and male mice to gain a strong understanding of the changes in microglia activation in brain aging and AD.
ABSENCE OF ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 2 RECEPTOR IS LINKED TO HIGHER BODY WEIGHT AND POOR AEROBIC PERFORMANCE IN AGED MICE
Authors: Abadir Michael , Bene Michael , Said Adam , Marx Ruth , Powell Laura , Walston Jeremy
Published: January 2025

Age-related physical decline significantly impacts the quality of life and increases dependence in older adults. The role of angiotensin receptors in the decline of strength and endurance in older organisms has not yet been fully explored. The two main angiotensin receptors are: Angiotensin 1 (AT1) receptor, and Angiotensin 2 (AT2) receptor. This study aimed to investigate the effects of each angiotensin receptor on physical performance in older mice. We compared aged (24 months old) Losartan (an AT1 receptor antagonist) treated wild type (WT) mice to age- and sex-matched mice lacking the AT1 or AT2 receptor (AT1KO or AT2KO). Mice underwent treadmill running until exhaustion or a maximum duration of one hour, with number of falls off belt (NOF), number of gentle stimuli (NGS), and total time on the treadmill belt (TOB) recorded. NGS indicates how often mild stimuli were used to encourage mice to return to the treadmill belt. Body weights showed significant differences between groups by ANOVA (p=0.03), with Tukey HSD indicating AT2KO mice were significantly heavier than WT (p=0.04). TOB analysis indicated significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis, p=0.03), with post-hoc analyses revealing the AT2KO group spent less TOB than WT (p=0.008) and WT los (p=0.01). Differences in NGS were detected, with the AT2KO requiring significantly more stimuli compared to WT (p=0.003), WT los (p=0.001), and AT1KO (p=0.01). These findings highlight the impact of angiotensin receptor modifications on physical performance and suggest that loss of AT2 may result in decreased aerobic performance, potentially due to increased body weight.
ACTIVATED SKN-1 ALTERS THE LONGEVITY TRAJECTORY OF LONG-LIVED C. ELEGANS MUTANTS
Authors: Turner Chris , Curran Sean
Published: January 2025

In the presence of stressful environments, the SKN-1 cytoprotective transcription factor is activated to induce the expression of gene targets that can restore homeostasis. However, constitutive activation of SKN-1 results in diminished health and a reduction of lifespan. Here we demonstrate the necessity to regulate the activity of SKN-1 for maintaining the longevity promoting responses associated with impaired daf-2/insulin receptor signaling, the eat-2 model of caloric restriction, and glp-1-dependent loss of germ cell proliferation. A hallmark of animals with constitutive SKN-1 activation is the age-dependent loss of somatic lipids and this phenotype is linked to the general reduction in survival in animals harboring the skn-1gf allele, but surprisingly, daf-2lf; skn-1gf double mutant animals do not redistribute somatic lipids which suggests the insulin signaling pathway functions downstream of SKN-1 in the maintenance of lipid distribution. As expected, eat-2lf; skn-1gf double mutant animals, which independently activate SKN-1, continue to display somatic lipid depletion in older ages with and without the skn-1gf activating mutation but animals lacking a proliferating germline do not redistribute somatic lipids, which supports a genetic model where SKN-1 activity is an important regulator of lipid mobilization in response to food availability to fuel the developing germline by engaging the daf-2/insulin receptor pathway.
AGE AND LOSARTAN EFFECTS ON MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEOME IN MICE
Authors: Said Adam , Bene Michael , Abadir Michael , Kreimer Simion , Marx Ruth , Powell Laura , Walston Jeremy
Published: January 2025

Loss of mitochondrial function with age is associated with reduced organ functional performance and predispose individuals to age-related diseases. Current studies suggest the renin-angiotensin system significantly interacts with mitochondrial function. This study investigated the effects of aging and Losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, on the mitochondrial proteome in mice. Mitochondrial samples from young mice (3 months), aged mice (24 months), and aged mice treated with Losartan (24 and 33 months) were analyzed using Cytoscape. Aged (24 months) mice had a marked downregulation of beta-oxidation and amino acid degradation proteins compared to young (3 months) mice. In contrast, chaperone and muscle contraction proteins were upregulated in older mice. Additionally, the TCA cycle proteins showed significant changes with age, with some proteins becoming increased in abundance while others became significantly less abundant. Overall, there was not a clear regulation pattern, suggesting a further complexity in mitochondrial energy production with age. Losartan treatment in 24-month-old mice upregulated the TCA cycle and beta-oxidation proteins. In contrast, chaperone and muscle contraction proteins were downregulated. This trend opposes the aging effect and suggests the regulatory effects of Losartan. At 33 months, there were no significant changes in any protein groups of losartan-treated mice. This difference in expression suggests that more advanced age may prevent the regulatory effects of losartan. In line with previous studies, these results suggest that Losartan has the potential to compensate for age-related functional decline. Losartan is a potential pharmacological intervention that may reverse aging-related mitochondrial proteome decline.
AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN KETONE METABOLISM: A STUDY OF KETONE ESTER RESPONSES ACROSS LIFESPAN
Authors: Hernandez Ester , Jordan Aydan , Senadheera Chatura , Stephens Elizabeth , Newman John , Kackley Madison , Volek Jeff , Stubbs Brianna
Published: January 2025

Ketone supplements, such as ketone esters, induce ketosis without other dietary changes and have demonstrated many potential applications in younger adults. However, metabolism by older adults is unknown. This study investigated the metabolic responses to ketone ester consumption across the lifespan, to understand how aging influences blood ketone responses. This study was an open-label, single-arm, observational study of n=82 adults (37=Male, age=20-70y). After an overnight fast, subjects consumed 360 mg/kg/lean body mass of ketone ester (bis-octanoyl-(R)-1,3-butanediol) in a beverage. Then, capillary blood samples were collected at regular intervals for 4h and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) was assayed using a handheld device. Endpoints were peak BHB concentration (Cmax), area under the curve (AUC). The analysis of BHB Cmax across five decades showed no overall effect (p=0.5), with the highest Cmax in the 41-50y group (1.68 mM) and the lowest in the 51-60y group (1.32 mM). In contrast, although there was no overall difference in BHB AUC between age groups (p=0.24, mean mm.min-1, age 20-30y =184, 31-40y =194, 41-50y =221, 51-60y =203, 61-70y =223) there was a notable difference between the 21-30y and 61-70y groups (p=0.03). Linear regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between BHB AUC and age (R²=0.08, p=0.01), but not between BHB Cmax and age (R²=0.01, p=0.37). We cautiously interpret our data to suggest a relationship between increasing age and changes to ketone metabolism that increases AUC but not Cmax. We plan to expand the sample size to 400 subjects to improve our ability to detect-age related differences in exogenous ketone metabolism.
BLOOD MULTIOMIC PROFILES REFLECT SYSTEM STATES OF ORGANS IN MICE
Authors: Watanabe Kengo , Pflieger Lance , Robinson Max , Lapidus Jodi , Miller Richard , Fiehn Oliver , Moritz Robert , Rappaport Noa
Published: January 2025

The rate of aging can vary among organs, as evidenced by organ-specific biological age models. Such models are typically constructed based on the blood biomarkers or phenotypes that are known to be specific to a particular organ. However, this approach potentially limits the models to reflecting only a narrow scope of organ system states. Herein, we report the potential of blood omics data to reflect alterations in organ systems, using the NIA Longevity Consortium mouse prolongenvity proteomics and metabolomics data which were derived from kidney, liver, gastrocnemius muscle, and plasma samples from each mouse. While correlation analysis mainly identified the correlations of matched analytes between organs and blood, machine learning models to predict the organ analyte abundance or system state from the plasma analytes revealed the differences between sexes or prolongevity interventions. Our findings suggest the power of blood omics for identifying and characterizing diverse system states of organs involved in aging and longevity.
CARDIAC SPECIFIC OVEREXPRESSION OF SERUM RESPONSE FACTOR ALTERS MITOCHONDRIAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Authors: Patyal Pankaj , Azhar Gohar , Verma Ambika , Zhang Xiaomin , Wei Jeanne Y
Published: January 2025

Serum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor required for the regulation of genes important for cardiac structure and function. Previously, we have shown that increased levels of SRF in transgenic mouse carrying human SRF under Myh6 promoter resulted in cardiomyopathy and early mortality. Although, there is a rapidly growing body of literature investigating the effects of aging on the heart and how age-related alterations affect cardiac and mitochondrial function, and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we tested the hypothesis whether cardiac specific overexpression of SRF alters mitochondrial function. We utilized SRF transgenic mice at different postnatal ages to demonstrate temporal increase in the SRF expression in the heart. Western blot analysis demonstrate the significant increase in the BNP, marker for left ventricular cardiac hypertrophy (p < 0.01). Electron microscopy revealed mitochondrial abnormalities. Further, we used high-resolution respirometry to determine mitochondrial function in SRF overexpressed mouse heart. Our data indicate the significant decrease in the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes (I-IV) respiratory rates and maximal electron transport system capacity (p < 0.01). The markers for mitochondria biogenesis PGC1α and PGC1β expression levels were reduced analyzed by western blot analysis (p < 0.05). Further, protein expression levels of Opa1 and DRP1, markers for mitochondrial fusion and fission were significantly reduced (p < 0.01). Our findings implicate that the increase in the SRF expression in cardiac aging induce mitochondrial alterations and functional decline. Thus, SRF is likely to be one of the downstream effectors of the signaling pathways involved in mediating mitochondrial function.
CIRCULATING MIRNA PROFILING FOR THE DETECTION OF SARCOPENIA COMPONENTS IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Shin Hyung Eun , Jang Jae Young , Lee Daehyun , Jung Heeeun , Cho Hyunjin , Lim Nahyun , Won Chang Won , Kim Miji
Published: January 2025

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), short, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at translation, are recently emerging as potential biomarkers for sarcopenia. The miRNAs have been extensively studied in etiology of sarcopenia; however, the role of miRNAs on sarcopenia components has not yet been explored. We aimed to examine the differentially expressed miRNAs in plasma of older adults in relation to muscle mass, strength, and performance status. A total of 96 older adults (women: 50.0%; mean age: 76.6 ± 3.6 years) were randomly selected and matched by age and sex from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). Participants were categorized into four groups based on criteria of Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019: “Normal” (n = 25), “Low muscle mass (LMM) only” (n = 23), “Low muscle strength (LMS) only” (n = 25), “Low physical performance (LPP) only” (n = 23). MiRNA profiles, derived from miRNA sequencing, were established via screening for differentially expressed miRNAs in four groups, and candidate differentially expressed miRNAs were validated using RT-qPCR. The miRNA profiling and validation analysis showed that three differentially expressed miRNAs, including miR-144-3p, miR-122-3p, and miR-210-3p, were significantly increased in plasma of “LMS only” group, compared to “LMM only” and “LPP only” groups (p < 0.05). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes revealed that three miRNAs were mainly related to neurotrophin signaling pathway (p < 0.05). These results suggest that increased levels of miR-144-3p, miR-142-3p, and miR-122-3p could serve as candidate plasma biomarkers for the decline of muscle strength in older adults.