bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the hepcidin level and some Biochemical parameters in patients of polycystic ovary Syndrome in Kirkuk city
Authors: AL- Tikriti1 Sherin Bahgat Ayed , Naji2 Nazar Ahmed
Published: May 2020

Polycystic ovary Syndrome is a common disorder in the endocrine glands, which is characterized by the aggregation of small bags surrounded by theca internal layers bloated follicles .
The level of hepcidin and some other biochemical parameters were examined in (60) patients In addition to (30) blood samples of healthy control .
The results showed a significant decrease in hepcidin level as well as E2 and progesterone while there was a significant increase in prolactin and testosterone in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients Compared to healthy control. There was no correlation between hepcidin and all other parameters but there was some correlations among parameters used, there was positive correlations between FSH with LH  and Testosterone as well as between E2 and Testosterone and between T4 and T3  .
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.069
Effect of repeated annealing on the synthetic and electrical properties of Bi2-(x+y)PbxAgy Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ electrically superconductor
Authors: Hamdi Razzeg Khalid , Dahas Ali Abdul Kareem , Zaynel , Chanar Abiden
Published: May 2020

This research involved the preparation of Bi2-(x+y)PbxAgy Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ with different concentrations of (x,y) which are (x=y=0)(x=0.05,y=0.15)(x=y=0.1)(x=0.15,y=0.05) by the method of solid state reaction under hydrostatic pressure of 8 ton /cm2  and at annealing temperature of 1123K in presence of sufficient amount of oxygen.
In order to obtain an increase in the regularity of crystalline composite and also to obtain the best critical temperature, the annealing was repeated on these samples at 723K.
After X-ray diffraction (XRD) test to know how effective the partial substitution and repeated annealing is, it was obvious that the crystalline composite was of tetragonal type and the best substitution ratio is when (x=0.05,y=0.15) where the values of lattice dimensions were a=b=5.4056°A, c=37.4226°A, after repeating the annealing process on these samples ,the crystalline composite kept its type and with conspicuous increase in the length of c-axis, but the best sample after repeating the annealing was at ratio of (x=y=0.1) where the values of lattice dimensions became a=b=5.4030°A,c=37.5230°A when it was a=b=5.4011°A,c=37.0660°A before repeating the annealing .When the electrical properties of these samples was studied ,we noticed that the oxygen has an important role in increasing the critical temperature and we obtained the best critical temperature Tc=144K and that’s when x=0.05,y=0.15 while after repeating the annealing it was Tc=146K and that’s when x=y=0.1 and it was Tc=136K before repeating the annealin
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.073
On S-normed spaces
Authors: M. Ali Shahen , Shaakir Laith K.
Published: May 2020

The study focused on expanding the concept of 2-normed spaces by developing a new definition ( -normed space), and the study concentrated on the convergent of sequences and Cauchy sequences in our definition, as well as some other branches such as linear transformation and contraction.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.078
On a Generalized Semicommutative Ring
Authors: AL-Obaidi1 Mustafa D. , AL-Salihi2 Sinan O.
Published: May 2020

Let R be a ring with identity. In this paper, we introduce some new results in a class of rings which refers to generalization of semicommutative rings called Q-semicommutative rings whenever x2=0 implies xRx=0, for any a ∈R [7]. They study investigates general properties of Q-semicommutative rings and shows several results of semicommutative ring can be extended to Q-semicommutative rings .
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.080
Desa wisma siaga bencana di desa bungurasih sidoarjo
Authors: Wardhono Hendro , Budiyono Budiyono , Hartati Fadjar Kurnia
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this activity is to motivate, improve the understanding of the community or community towards disaster risk (understanding to disaster risk); increase the capacity of the community or community in dealing with disasters, especially in the event of a disaster (emergency response); increase the involvement of women in disaster management programs and activities at the local level; and contributes to the strengthening and / or development of a Disaster Resilient Village (DesTaNa) in a disaster-prone area in the Waru District of Sidoarjo Regency, which is a "subscribed" area for flooding. Dasa Wisma is trained in how to make and install biopores. The results of this activity can reduce standing water that occurs during the rainy season so that the community can be free from flooding.Keywords: Dasa Wisa; DesTaNa; Biopori, Bungurasih
The cooperation between teacher of religion and parents according to The religious education core curriculum of the Catholic Church in Poland (2018)
Authors: Kostorz Jerzy Henryk
Published: May 2020

Currently one can observe the recession in involvement of parents in the process of education of their own children in faith. One of the symptoms is lack of interest of parents to actively cooperate with religion teachers. That is why the reflection on cooperation between parents and religion teachers is necessary and required. This article focuses on this issue in the light of The new core curriculum of the Catholic Church in Poland (2018), which will take its effect on the 1st of September of 2020. At the beginning the understanding of the term "cooperation of parents and religion teacher" was described. Following train of thoughts of authors of the new document the work and dialog focused on education in faith of children and youth were emphasized. The author of the article took under consideration evangelization, catechization and education of parents. Then the focus moved toward goals and content, within the core curriculum itself, that are crucial to this kind of cooperation. Religion teacher must support parents in raising their children in faith by reminding them about their parental duties as first educators as well as through faith education of parents and their evangelization which can be accomplished through formation meetings. Such forms, according to authors of the new curriculum, are crucial in cooperation of religion teacher and parents. They need personal contact and relationship building, based on dialog and trust. Authors, though, are skeptic about indirect contact with parents (such as on-line class registry).

            To sum up all of the proposals of the cooperation of religious teachers and parents included in new core curriculum, some pastoral postulates were formulated. The need for thorough diagnosis through empirical exercises has been highlighted. New technologies as ways for dialog with parents were deemed important, as well as initiating evangelistic actions and religious education of parents too.
Experiencing parenthood in early adulthood
Authors: Przybylska Ewa Małgorzata , Wajsprych Danuta
Published: May 2020

This article attempts to present ways of experiencing parenthood among 17 young adults who have become mothers/fathers. The study was carried out using the phenomenographic method, which sought to describe how the young parents gave meanings to the phenomenon of parenthood; what it meant for them to be a parent. Based on the approach designed by the creators of the phenomenographic research method, we made the epistemological assumption that there is no other world besides the one that an individual experiences. A family was recognised as a special place for learning and experiencing the world, which appears to young adults as a concept of parenthood in their consciousness. The detailed categories of description, revealing concepts of experiencing parenthood, proved to be discursive and strongly context-related. There was considerable ambivalence in the findings, indicating that parenthood fluctuates between polar interpretations of experience and significantly goes beyond an educational context of upbringing. The circumstances accompanying experiencing of parenthood are strongly connected with cultural messages conveyed to groups and individuals by various lifeworld agencies: our interviewees proved to be completely embedded in them. Our findings support the hypothesis that the problem of educational practice connected with experiencing parenthood places it in the world of contemporary culture, which is torn apart by ambiguity and chaos of changing offers, as well as complexity-saturated “reversible” culture, the contents of which are subject to constant reconstruction. This provides essential reasons for developing a theory of lifelong learning in the family.
The Indeks SPICE odpowiedzią na osamotnienie w małżeństwie
Authors: Szturomska-Józwik Lena
Published: May 2020

Słowa przysięgi małżeńskiej wyznaczają kierunek rozwoju każdego, sakramentalnego małżeństwa. Ich realizacja nie jest jednak samoczynnie, spontanicznie dziejącą się rzeczywistością, ale każdodniową pracą małżonków opartą na Bożej łasce. W codzienność małżeńską paradoksalnie mogłoby się wydawać, wpisane jest doświadczenie osamotnienia, jako kondycja negatywnie wpływająca na relację małżeńską, czy też świadcząca o jej zaburzeniu. Dobrze przeżyte, przepracowane osamotnienie prowadzi do samotności, która jest doświadczeniem pozytywnym, w którym człowiek odnajduje prawdę o sobie, świecie, swoim miejscu w nim, a także źródle i celu swojego życia. SPICE indeks jest narzędziem, które może posłużyć do konstruktywnego przepracowania osamotnienia, z którego małżonkowie wyjdą umocnieni, a ich relacja osiągnie nową jakość. SPICE wskazuje na 5 głównych sfer (duchową, fizyczną, intelektualną, komunikatywną, emocjonalną), na których bazuje każda relacja i podaje praktyczne sposoby zarządzania nią, prowadzące do jej umacniania, ukształtowania, aby realizacja słów przysięgi małżeńskiej stała się udziałem samych małżonków. Jednocześnie SPICE podnosi świadomość małżonków na ich potrzeby, uczucia, tożsamość małżeńską, także seksualną i związaną z nią umiejętność zarządzania małżeńską płodnością.
"Trzecia pieśń Sługi Pańskiego" (Iz 50,4-11) – tekst kanoniczny i jego paralela w Targumie Jonatana
Authors: Skutnik Adrian
Published: May 2020

Cierpiący Sługa Pański ukazany w czterech fragmentach Księgi Izajasza jest postacią zarówno fascynującą, jak i niezwykle tajemniczą. Niniejszy artykuł, zatytułowany Trzecia Pieśń Sługi Pańskiego (Iz 50,4-11) – tekst kanoniczny i jego paralela w Targumie Jonatana, miał na celu przybliżenie osoby Sługi poprzez szczegółową analizę fragmentu znajdującego się w 50. rozdziale tej prorockiej księgi Starego Testamentu. Punkt 1. prezentuje tło historyczne oraz teologiczny klimat, w jakim powstały poszczególne pieśni. Deutero-Izajasz, anonimowy prorok, który zebrał i zredagował myśli tzw. szkoły Izajasza, działał w czasach niewoli babilońskiej. Głosił pocieszenie narodu i łaskawą miłość jedynego Boga, który posłużył się osobą perskiego władcy, Cyrusa II Wielkiego, aby wybawić swój wybrany naród z niewoli. Mając w pamięci czasy niewoli, została spisana Trzecia pieśń Sługi Pańskiego, której szczegółowa analiza znalazła swoje odbicie w punkcie 2. Wyłania się z niej obraz wybranego przez Boga Sługi, którego intymna więź ze Stwórcą przeplata się z niesprawiedliwym cierpieniem. Jednak ufność w Bożą pomoc utwierdza Sługę w trwaniu przy powierzonej mu misji. W punkcie 3. biblijny tekst został wzbogacony żydowską tradycją aramejskich tłumaczeń, tzw. targumów. Przekłady te były niezbędną pomocą dla narodu, który po powrocie z niewoli posługiwał się jedynie językiem aramejskim. Oprócz funkcji translatorskiej targumy pełniły także zadanie interpretacji tekstu biblijnego, wprowadzały konieczne wyjaśnienia i doprecyzowania, a ich rewizja w szkołach rabinackich pomagała utrzymać ortodoksyjną teologię judaistyczną. W Targumie Jonatana Sługa Pański jest prorokiem, którego zadaniem jest wykładanie Tory tym, którzy odeszli od Bożych przykazań. Zatem łatwiejsze będzie nie tylko teologiczne zgłębienie jednego z tekstów Starego Testamentu, ale również bliższe poznanie tajemniczego Sługi, który w proroczym słowie stał się obrazem i pierwowzorem wcielonego Słowa – Jezusa Chrystusa.
Od redakcji
Authors: Demitrów Andrzej Jan
Published: May 2020

Od redakcji
Perception of complications by spine surgeons
Authors: Falavigna Asdrubal , Dedea Jefferson , Guiroy Alfredo , Brodano Giovanni Barbanti
Published: May 2020

Background:

The perception of major versus minor complications may vary according to surgeons, institutions, and different specialties. Here, we analyzed the geographic distribution of the different types/severities of the most frequent complications in spinal surgery, and assessed how the perception of spine surgeons about postoperative complications differed.

Methods:

We performed a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire, we developed to encompass different clinical scenarios of surgeons’ perceptions of spine surgery complications. The survey involved the members of AOSpine Latin America (LA) (January 28, 2017–March 15, 2017). The main variables studied included: specialty, age, years of experience, country, individual surgeon’s perception of different clinical scenarios, and the surgeon’s classification of complications for each scenario (e.g., major, minor, or none). Our results from LA were then analyzed and compared to North American (NA) responses.

Results:

Orthopedic surgeons represented about 58.2% (n = 412) of the 708 questionnaires answered. Of interest, 45.6% (n = 323) of those responding had >10 years of experience. The countries analyzed included Brazil (31.5%), Mexico (17.5%), Argentina (14.4%), Colombia (8.0%), and Venezuela (7.6%). Four of the 11 scenarios showed consensus in the results (e.g., average being over 82.5%). A tendency toward consensus was present in 45.4% of the clinical cases, while two out of 11 clinical cases did not present a consensus among surgeons. Of interest, the perception of complications was similar between cohorts (LA 85% vs. NA 80%).

Conclusion:

Significant consensus in the perception of complications was observed in most of the analyzed scenarios for both LA and NA. However, within the LA data, responses to different clinical scenarios varied.
Implication of image guidance in endoscopic third ventriculostomy: Technical note
Authors: Wasi Muhammad Samir Irfan , Sharif Salman Yousuf , Gulzar Farhan
Published: May 2020

Background:

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is an advanced surgical procedure and plays a major role in the management of hydrocephalus. The complications associated with this procedure are grave and unforgiving. Image guidance system (IGS) can help reduce these complications. This technical note describes the technique for utilizing image guidance in carrying out ETV with safety and efficacy.

Methods:

The authors have performed ETV on more than 75 cases. We describe a step-by-step technique for the implication of image guidance while performing ETV including the trajectory planning, coregistration, approach, and third ventricular floor perforation. For illustration, we present the case of a 54-year-old female with moderate-intensity headache and central vertigo for 2 months presented with no significant findings on examination. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed dilated lateral and third ventricles with normal sized fourth ventricle. A diagnosis of aqueductal stenosis was made and ETV was performed under image guidance.

Results:

Since 2012, we performed 78 cases of ETV with the help of image guidance. None of the patients had any episode of intraoperative hemorrhage. Two patients (2.56%) had fornix contusions.

Conclusion:

Image guidance can help reduce complications and is becoming an essential tool in performing ETV. IGS ETV technique may benefit young neurosurgeons the most and can help them overcome the learning curve with safety.
THE EFFECT WEIGHT OF BACKPACK ON POSTURAL CONTROL AMONG PREP SCHOOL STUDENTS IN TANTA CITY
Authors: N. Al Khouli  , Ghait Anees , Abogazya Amr A.
Published: May 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in postural control and stability among prep school students in Tanta city with and without backpacks. Method: The study was conducted with a sample of 30 children, 16 boys and 14 girls with a mean age (years) 13 + 1.03, body mass (kg) 40.6 + 10.14, height (m) 1, 50 + 0.15, BMI (kg / m²) 20.25 + 3.70. Samples were selected randomly, divided into 2 equal groups. Group (A):15 Participants tested with back packs, group (B): 15 Participants tested without back packs. Balance assessment was done in biomechanics lab, faculty of physical therapy, Delta University for Science & Technology. The dynamic balance parameters (Anterior posterior (AP), Mediolateral (ML) and Overall (OA) stability indices) measured by Biodex Balance System at stability level-7, with standard load (3 kg), based on average back pack mass of the volunteers. Results: the results suggest there was statistical significant difference between both groups (A&B) (P< 0.05). There is decrease in balance parameters including (OA, AP and MLindices) at seven level of stability during the dynamic balance test in group A which tested with back packs compared with group B which tested without backpacks. Conclusions: When comparing between the mean values of participant's stability indices (OA, AP and ML) at stability level-7 within the same group (A or B), there was no statistical significant difference (P> 0.05).
BIG DATA ANALYTICS: A PRIMER
Authors: Sadiku Matthew , Foreman Justin , Musa Sarhan
Published: May 2020

The use of digital devices and systems such smart phones, computers, the Internet, and social media has resulted in a massive volume of data which is exponentially increasing daily. Such data is processed using multiple techniques, collectively known as big data analytics. Big data analytics is the process of examining large amounts of data (big data) to uncover hidden patterns, correlations, and other insights. Analyzing big data enables organizations and businesses to make better and faster decisions. This paper briefly presents the fundamental concepts of big data analytics and its tools.
INVESTIGATION OF FLASHOVER VOLTAGE FOR EPOXY COMPOSITES FILLED WITH VARIOUS FILLERS
Authors: Mousa T.M. , Nasrat Loai , M. Ali Ziad.
Published: May 2020

Minerals fillers such as Magnesium Oxide (MgO), Alumina Trihydrate (ATH), Calcium Carbonate (CaCo3), and Silica (SiO2) were used to produce epoxy composite for high and medium voltage in electrical application. Effects of types and percentage weight of filler on flashover voltage properties of epoxy resin were determined. Cylindrical rod epoxy samples with different lengths (10, 20, and 30mm) and filler types have been prepared, these fillers with 30% percentage loading of epoxy samples by weight. Flashover voltage of composite material was measured under various environmental conditions, to check the accuracy the test was carried out for five times on each sample under the same condition. Results showed that flashover voltage of composite improved with epoxy/ATH filler at all lengths and conditions, also flashover voltage for samples in dry condition is higher than samples with other conditions at all filler and lengths.
Features of therapy of alcoholic liver disease in persons of young age
Authors: Myazin R. G. , Emel’yanov D. N.
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to study the eff ects of using the infusion drug Remaxol in young patients with alcoholic liver disease.

Materials and methods: the clinical and laboratory data of 80 young patients with alcoholic liver disease were analyzed, divided depending on the treatment regimen into 2 groups: the main (n = 44) who received Remaxol according to the scheme: 400 ml iv, drip, at a rate 40–60 drops per minute daily, course No. 5–10, and control (n = 36) — received basic therapy. In all patients, the dynamics in blood serum was studied: lipid peroxidation indices (malondialdehyde, diene conjugates), antioxidant protection enzymes (catalase, SOD, glutathione peroxidase), markers of cytolysis, cholestasis and lipid metabolism.

Results: initially there was a significant increase in lipid peroxidation processes, accompanied by slight stimulation of the antioxidant system of the liver and pronounced signs of cytolysis and cholestasis. The inclusion of Remaxol in treatment regimens leads to a significant decrease in the level of malondialdehyde and diene conjugates, and the restoration of the antioxidant system (increase in catalase, SOD, and glutathione peroxidase). At the same time, a marked decrease in the syndromes of cytolysis and cholestasis was noted, which was accompanied by an improvement in the condition of the patients: cessation of nausea, restoration of appetite and sleep, and improvement of well-being.
The participation of signal transduction and gene regulation mechanisms in the cascade of MAPK p38 (mitogen-activated protein kinases) in the repair of damage to the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity
Authors: Shurygina I. A. , Ayushinova N. I. , Rodionova L. V. , Chepurnyh E. E. , Shurygin M. G.
Published: May 2020

Objective: to assess the activity of р38 МАРК in serosal injury.

Material and methods. We modelled adhesive process in abdomen in 40 Wistar rats. Adhesion zone was immunohistochemically stained for p38 MAPK and p38 MAPK Phospho. Expression of р38 МАР-coding genes was studied the in the injured zone using RT PCR. The control group consisted of 5 intact Wistar rats.

Results. As a result of immunohistochemical staining of adhesion zone we determined that peak of p38 expression is registered on the 14th day after surgery, but phosphorylated p38 MAPK activity peak — on the 3rd day. Assessment of p38 MAPK genes expression showed that Mapk12 genes was expression peaks on the 3rd и 14th day, Mapk13 — in 12 hours and on the 7th day, Mapk11 and Mapk14 — on the 14th day. Statistical significance in comparison with data obtained in intact animals (р < 0,05) for MAPK12 was registered on the 3rd day, for MAPK13 — in 12 hours, on the 3rd and 7th day.

Conclusion. Our research allowed us to determine р38 МАРК cascade expression in non-changed reparative process. It was found that p38 MAPK cascade activation starts from the 6thhour after the surgery and lasts up to 30th day with its maximum on the 14th day.
Treatment of subhepatic abscess due to complicated perforation of gastric ulcer
Authors: Korotkevich A. G. , Yaroshchuk S. A. , Leontyev A. S. , May S. A. , Bersenev A. A.
Published: May 2020

Formation of abdominal abscesses with perforated ulcers of the stomach and duodenum with conservative treatment ranges from 3% to 14%. The main strategy for their treatment is a minimally invasive puncture treatment. A case of a patient’s late treatment of 56 years with a perforated giant gastric ulcer, the formation of a subhepatic abscess and its drainage into the lumen of the stomach is presented. Used methods of drainage of an abscess through a mini-access under the control of gastroscopy. A complex of therapeutic measures has been described, which allowed for the obliteration of an abscess cavity and the healing of a giant stomach ulcer within a month. It is concluded that the need for early use of gastroscopy in the differential diagnosis of perforated ulcers.
Understanding the Level of Students' Reading Comprehension Ability
Authors: Sari Meilani Harfika , Susetyo  , Noermanzah  , Wardhana Dain Eka Chandra , Kusumaningsih Dewi
Published: May 2020

Reading comprehension of texts is a basic competency in the Indonesian Subject Curriculum. The observation results show that reading comprehension is still low, especially reading comprehension of the meaning of the text and the context of a text. From these problems, it is necessary to conduct research on the level of reading comprehension of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 06, Rejang Lebong. This research aimed at describing the level of reading comprehension ability and the causes of students' misunderstanding in grade VII of SMP Negeri 06 Rejang Lebong on reading text material. This research belongs to mixed method design. The subjects of this study were 28 students of class VII from SMP Negeri 06, Rejang Lebong. Data were collected using tests, observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Data validity test is done by member checking, which is assisted by language validator and triangulation. The results showed that students were not accustomed to reading texts and there were still those who were not fluent in reading.
Makalah Permainan Bola Voli
Authors: Khalishah Qanita
Published: May 2020

Olahraga bola voli pada saat awal ditemukan dan diberi nama dengan Mintonette. Permaianan bola voli pertama kali ditemukan oleh William G. Morgan yang lahir pada tahun 1870 di Lockport, New York. Disaat itu Morgan bekerja sebagai seorang instruktur pendidikan jasmani (Director of Phsycal Education) tepatnya pada tahun 9 Februari 1895, di Holyoke, Massachusetts Amerika Serikat. Bola voli adalah olahraga permainan yang dimainkan oleh dua grup berlawanan. Masing-masing grup memiliki enam orang pemain. Terdapat pula variasi permainan bola voli pantai yang masing-masing grup hanya memiliki dua orang pemain. Setiap tim terdiri dari 6 pemain aktif atau berada didalam lapangan dan 4 pemain cadangan berada dibangku cadangan. Untuk memulai jalanya pertandingan denagan cara service terlebih dahulu oleh salah satu tim dan bola harus melewati net, jika gagal maka lawan mendapatkan poin. Apabila satu tim berhasil menjatuhkan bola ke daerah lawan maka tim tersebut mendapatkan poin.
Growth Mechanism of Coronavirus (How to Stop Spreading of COVID-19)
Authors: Kwon Hoeseop
Published: May 2020

Two proposals are made to stop spreading of COVID-19 pandemic. One is cutting off the supply of saturated fat and excess protein to the infected to stop virus growth and thus cure the patient. Specifically, minimizing consumption of red meat and greasy food full of fat in every day meals is the diet one should take to avoid serious infection with COVID-19 that can often lead to death for those with chronic health issues. Another proposal is raising the body temperature of the infected to above 25°C to dismantle the virus. This is based on the fact that Coronavirus is not a living organism but a solid-fat-like material with many protein cores imbedded in it, which easily melts and decays at 25°C. These measures are made possible by examining physicochemical nature of Coronavirus and its replication process. That is, Coronavirus can only replicate through forming “Cofat” structures by freezing (RNA core replicating and “coplating”) and also easily decays by melting at its melting/freezing point. The growth mechanism of Coronavirus presented in this paper explains why a number of clinical phenomena that have not been explained so far happen that way. For instance, it explains why people catch cold more often in cold winter than in hot summer. The proposed solution should work for the current type of Conoravirus as well as for all its mutated versions as their chemical composition is all the same.
Resume ppt Bola Voli
Authors: rara
Published: May 2020

teknik dasar permainan bola voli, smash blocking servis passing
Forms of Social Capital in Economics. The Importance of Heteronomous Networks in the Swiss Field of Economists (1980-2000)
Authors: Rossier Thierry , Benz Pierre
Published: May 2020

Economists often argue that economics is a “pure” and “autonomous” discipline. In contrast, the relatively dense institutional and interpersonal networks owned by economists show how the discipline stands at the edge of several social fields and thus can be particularly heteronomous. These networks provide a certain volume and form of social capital which strengthen the discipline, but also highlight its important porousness toward extra-academic powers. Very few studies have focused on the importance of social capital in fields and, to our knowledge, no research has systematically investigated the role of intra-disciplinary and extra-disciplinary social capital in economics. This chapter aims to focus on the structure and evolution of social capital in the Swiss field of economists. It relies on an original prosopographical database of all economics professors at Swiss universities between 1980 and 2000 (n=200). We exploit the data in two ways: First, through multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), we identify two structuring forces among economists. The main opposition is marked by the volume of extra-disciplinary social capital, and the volume of intra-disciplinarity capital only comes in a second place. Second, we show, through class-specific MCA, that, despite the fact that intra-disciplinary social capital gains in importance in the recent period, extra-disciplinary social capital remains the prime structuring logic across time. Although the particularly strong cohesion and autonomy that characterise the discipline, this chapter points out the importance of heteronomous networks, which attest that economics is and stays much less autonomous than economists would argue.
Minor covid-19 association with crime in Sweden, a ten week follow up
Authors: Gerell Manne , kardell johan , Kindgren Johanna
Published: May 2020

The covid-19 disease has a large impact on life across the globe, and this could potentially include impacts on crime. The present short report describes how crime has changed in Sweden during ten weeks after the government started to implement interventions to reduce spread of the disease. The first major interventions in Sweden were implemented in the end of week 11 in the year 2020, and we analyze police reported crimes through week 21. Descriptive statistics are provided relative to expected levels with 95 % confidence intervals for eight crime types. We find that total crime, assaults, pickpocketing and burglary have decreased significantly, personal robberies and narcotics crime are unchanged. Vandalism possibly increased somewhat but is hard to draw any firm conclusions on. The reductions are fairly small for most crime types, in the 5-20 % range, with pickpocketing being the biggest exception noting a 59 % drop relative to expected levels.
Blood Heavy Metal Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross- Sectional Study From Northern India
Authors: Sehgal Rachna , Gulati Sheffali , Gupta Yogendra Kumar , Sapra Savita , Mehta Manju , Pandey Ravindra Mohan , Kumar Gajendra , Srivastava Amita , Kabra Madhulika
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The role of heavy metals in the etio-pathogenesis of ASD is controversial. Paucity of studies from Indian subcontinent with different sociocultural and environmental background prompted the present study. 

Methods: Sixty children aged three to 12 years with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and 60 age matched controls were enrolled. Detailed history including possible exposure history to various heavy metals was taken. Severity of ASD was assessed using Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2. Blood level of metals was estimated by Inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).

Results: Mean blood mercury levels in the two groups of ASD and controls was comparable (p = 0.28). Median blood cadmium and arsenic levels were higher in controls possibly due to higher ground water use and insecticide exposure. (7/60 versus 17/60, p = 0.04) and (2/60 versus 7/60, p = 0.08) while mean blood zinc level was lower in controls. Lead was significantly higher in greater proportion of children with ASD. (11/60 vs 1/60, p = 0.002). Children with ASD had significantly higher pica (26/60 versus 10/60, p = 0.001) and higher median number of days of antibiotics during infancy (24.5 (0-120) versus 15 (0-60), p = 0.004). None of the heavy metal tested had significant correlation with the severity of ASD.

Conclusions: Mean blood mercury, lead, zinc, arsenic and cadmium did not show significant association with diagnosis of ASD. High levels of toxic metals in both children with ASD and controls points towards an urgent need to contain environmental pollution by heavy metals.
Regulation of the Legal Status of the Muslim Clergy of the Taurian Province in the Second Third of the XIX Century
Authors: Zagidullin Il’dus K.
Published: May 2020

In article process of legal fixing by the law of december 23, 1831 year to muslim Crimean tatar clergy of the status of the privileged class, exempted from taxes, duties and corporal punishment is considered. Also the reasons of attempts of officials of various level to limit these privileges are established. Finally, keeping a privilege of the Crimean tatar clergy and showing thereby commitment to the fundamental principles of the patronage of the confessional policy of the Russian state for muslims of Taurida, officials have found a way to reduce its number by transfer of descendants of the non-serving of “hereditary” clergy to podatny class. Since 1848 year the composition of the higher and parish clergy was to be updated only at the expense of children of the serving clergy and descendants of non-serving of clergy who moved to other classes at the same time the first used the privilege exempting them from payment of taxes, “by inheritance”, the second – only during the performance of pastoral duties.
ISOLASI BAKTERI PENGIKAT NITROGEN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA JENSEN
Authors: Huslina Feizia , Harahap Diannita
Published: May 2020

Bakteri pengikat nitrogen adalah jenis bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan di tanah dan sebagiannya bersimbiosis dengan akar tumbuhan. Bakteri ini mengikat nitrogen di udara dan mengubahnya menjadi nitrat yang kemudian digunakan oleh tumbuhan. Media Jensen adalah media selektif yang umumnya digunakan untuk menumbuhkan bakteri pengikat nitrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi bakteri pengikat nitrogen dengan menggunakan media Jensen. Bakteri diisolasi dari rizosfer di sekitar UIN Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh dan dilakukan karakteristik morfologi dan Optical Density (OD). Empat isolat (IS-A, IS-B, IS-C, IS-D) ditemukan pada serial pengenceran 10-2 dan 10-4 dan isolat D (IS-D) memiliki nilai Optical Density (OD) tertinggi yaitu sebesar 0,373.
FORMULASI INOVATIF PEMBUATAN KOPI BENING TANPA AMPAS (CLEAR COFFEE)
Authors: Wardhana Megandhi Gusti , Irwan M Sabiq
Published: May 2020

Kopi hitam merupakan hal yang wajar bagi penikmat kopi khususnya diIndonesia. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan formulasi yang cocok dalam pembuatan kopi menjadi bening, melaui proses penyangraian, penambahan air dan destilasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 2 faktor proses roasting (a) dan mata air (b). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kafein terendah ditunjukkan pada pengujian suhu 200oC dengan perlakuan formulasi kopi bubuk: mata air 10:150( g/ml) dengan nilai 0,19 %. Tingkat kesukaan rasa terendah diperoleh pada perbandingan kopi bubuk: mata air 10:150, sedangkan tingkat kesukaan rasa tertinggi diperoleh pada perbandingan kopi bubuk : mata air  10:50. Kopi bening tanpa ampas yang dihasilkan melalui suhu sangrai 195 oC dan 200oC memiliki tingkat kesukaan aroma tertinggi dan saling tidak berbeda nyata, namun keduanya berbeda nyata dengan hasil perlakuan suhu lainnya. Hasil uji Duncan menunjukkan bahwa kopi bening tanpa ampas hasil perbandingan kopi bubuk : mata air 10:0 dan 10:100 juga menghasilkan tingkat kesukaan aroma yang saling tidak berbeda nyata, namun keduanya berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan perbandingan lainnya. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah formulasi yang cocok dalam pembuatan kopi bening tanpa ampas berdasarkan hasil uji duncan dan analisis varian adalah formulasi dengan suhu sangrai 195oC dan perbandingan formulasi kopi bubuk : mata air 10:50 (g/ml).
POTENSI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH TOMAT (Lycopersicum Esculentum) SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT BAKTERI PENYEBAB PNEUMONIA
Authors: Dewi Earlyna Sinthia
Published: May 2020

Pneumonia merupakan infeksi pada paru-paru yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh bakteri. Pengobatan dengan antibiotik sudah mulai mengalami resistensi, sehingga tomat dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif pengobatan karena memiliki efek sebagai antibakteri dari kandungan senyawa flavonoid, saponin, tanin dan alkaloidnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  mengetahui adanya aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol tomat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae. Ekstrak tomat dibagi menjadi 5 seri konsentrasi (3%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, dan 50%). Pengujian daya hambat Klebsiella pneumoniae menggunakan metode sumuran dengan tiga kali pengulangan. DMSO digunakan sebagai control negatif, dan cyprofloxasin sebagai control positif. Rerata diameter zona hambat bakteri yang terbentuk pada control positif 29.13 mm, control negatif 0 mm. Zona hambat minimal terdapat pada konsentrasi 3% dengan rerata diameter 2,83 mm dan zona hambat maksimal terdapat pada konsentrasi 50% dengan rerata diameter 11,50 mm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol tomat memiliki kemampuan untuk menghambat  pertumbuhan bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The Mean Value Theorem for Integrals Method for Estimating Two-Dimensional Renewal Functions
Authors: Sasongko Leopoldus Ricky , Susanto Bambang
Published: May 2020

An important aspect in the provision of a two-dimensional warranty is the expected number of failures of a component during the two-dimensional warranty period. The purpose of this paper is to present a new method to obtain the expected number of failures of a nonrepairable compo­nent from the two-dimensional renewal functions as the so­lution of two-dimensional renewal integral equations through the Mean Value Theorem for Integrals (MeVTI) method. The two-dimensional renewal integral equation involves Lu-Bhattacharyya’s bivariate Weibull model as a two-dimensional failure model. It turns out that the estimation of the expected number of failures using the MeVTI method is close to that of the other method, Riemann-Stieljies method. The bivariate data behaviour of the failures of an automobile component is also studied in this paper.
PEMBATASAN JUMLAH AKTA NOTARIS BERDASARKAN KEWAJARAN DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Harris Rionald , Daulay Zainul , Benni Beatrix
Published: May 2020

The Honorary Board of the Indonesian Notary Association as the organ of the Indonesian Notary Association issues a regulation regarding the Fairness of the Deed Making Certificate per Notary for 20 deeds per day. Based on pre-research, there are still many notaries who do not know about the regulation in Padang. Why a Notary is prohibited from making a deed exceeding the fairness limit, what factors becomes the reasons for a Notary in Padang to make a deed exceeding the fairness limit and the legal consequences of a deed exceeding the fairness limit will be the topic of discussion in this paper. The research method used is a type of empirical juridical research and the nature of analytical descriptive research; data collection is done by using data in the form of primary material as primary data, supported by secondary and tertiary materials. The data obtained are then processed, analyzed, and interpreted qualitatively. Compliance is a virtue that moves people to act rationally in using what is fair, it is important for Notary to be given reasonable limits on the deeds that they can make per day so that the Notary does not exceed their physical ability to make daily deeds. The Law of Notary Position does not limit the number of deeds that can be made by the Notary per day, so that there are still notaries who make the deed exceed the reasonable limits set especially Fiduciary deed in Padang. Notary Deed that exceeds the fairness limit determined by the Honorary Board of Notary will not be degraded to privately-made deed, provided that what is done by Notary in making the deed is in accordance with the Law of Notary Position. The reasonable limit of making a daily deed issued by the Indonesian Notary Association Honorary Board should be included in the Minister Law or Regulation because basically the DKP.INI 1 regulation in 2017 only binds members of the association. Had the notary been expelled from the association, it would not have had any effect on his position.
TINJAUAN HAM TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN HUKUMAN RAJAM DI INDONESIA (Studi Analisis Perbandingan Hukum Islam dan Hukum Nasional)
Authors: Mulyawan Fitra , Wendriadi Wendriadi
Published: May 2020

HAM adalah hak kodrati yang dianugerahkan Allah SWT kepada setiap manusia dan tidak dapat dicabut atau dikurangi oleh kekuasaan atau badan apapun. Hak-hak yang diberikan Allah itu bersifat permanen,  kekal dan abadi, tidak boleh diubah atau dimodifikasi. Dalam pandangan kasat mata, menunjukkan hukum pidana Islam sering terbentur dengan keadaan-keadaan yang sulit untuk didekati dengan hukum tersebut, baik itu berkaitan dengan HAM atau bahkan hukum yang dipegang oleh suatu negara. khususnya mengenai hudud seperti potong tangan bagi pencuri, hukum rajam bagi pezina, serta qishash, sering mendapat sorotan tajam dari berbagai kalangan. Oleh karena itu para fuqaha berbeda pendapat dalam penerapan hukuman rajam, sebagian fuqaha’ setuju dengan hukuman rajam, dengan dasar hadis Nabi sebagai sandaran hukum. Namun sebagian Fuqaha’ yang lain menyatakan tidak setuju dengan hukuman rajam, karena mereka mengganggap bahwa hadis tersebut tidak cukup sebagai dasar hukum. Dalam hukum nasional sangat jelas perbedaan antara hukum Islam dan hukum yang berlaku saat ini di Indonesia khususnya berkaitan dengan sanksi bagi pelaku zina muhshan. Ketentuan hukuman rajam berlawanan menurut pandangan HAM antara lain dengan: Deklarasi Umum HAM (DUHAM), Konvensi menentang penyiksaan dan perlakuan atau penghukuman lain yang kejam, tidak manusiawi dan merendahkan martabat manusia, dan Konvensi Hak Sipil dan Politik dan UUD 1945.
PERAN MAHASISWA DALAM GERAKAN ANTI KORUPSI
Authors: Ma’ruf Muhammad Amar , Aryo Santoso Guruh , Mufidah Afifah Mahdiy
Published: May 2020

Corruption is a problem and is a big challenge faced by the people of Indonesia and the world. Corruption has been around for a long time since humans have known administrative governance. Corruption is often related to problems or political policies in the government environment. Corruption is included as criminal behavior, corruption is not just stealing, but there is an element of abuse of authority or power in it, it gives moral content to corruption. Corruption does not only affect one aspect of life but also has a domino effect on other aspects of life. One of the best ways to break the chain of corruption in this country is by providing anti-corruption education to the next generation of its people. Because the next generation of the nation will be the generation that replaces the old state officials, to build a beloved country so that it can triumph in the eyes of the world. This young generation is the key to the success of the country's development which must avoid corruption. So, it is easier for us to educate and influence the younger generation so that they do not commit criminal acts of corruption before they are first influenced by the "culture" of corruption from their predecessor generation. Students are supported by the basic competencies they have, namely: intelligence, creative ideas, critical thinking skills, and the courage to express the truth. With their competence, students are expected to be able to become agents of change for themselves, their families, and the surrounding community, they are able to voice people's interests, are able to criticize corrupt policies, and are able to become supervisors of state institutions and law enforcement.
SUCCESS FACTORS OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM IN PT. KUNCIMAS NIAGATAMA BANYUWANGI
Authors: Ambarwati Nofita , Firdaus Muhammad , Widaninggar Nanda
Published: May 2020

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the success of the accountinginformation system at PT. Kuncimas Niagatama Banyuwangi. The success of accountinginformation systems is influenced by Human Behavior in Organizations, ManagementSupport, Motivation and Training, Data Processing in the System, and Management andImplementation Process. This study used the primary data by total sample of thirty-fiveemployees and used the purposive sampling technique. The quality of the questionnaire wastested using the validity test and reliability test. Data analysis used multiple regressionanalysis, which includes the classic assumption test, t test and the coefficient of determinationThe results showed that Human Behavior in Organizations, Motivation and Training,Management and Implementation Process significantly influence the Success of AISImplementation. Only Management Support variable and Data Processing in the System haveno significant effect on the Success of AIS Implementation.
Turkmen Students at Volgograd State Technical University
Authors: Belyakova L. F. , Sidorova T. L. , Petruneva R. M. , Vasilyeva V. D.
Published: May 2020

The attractiveness of the University in the world market of educational services is an indicator of its success, which is estimated by a set of criteria including the number of foreign students studying there. For Russian universities, the number of international students is one of the key indicators of internationalization. The authors pay special attention to the criterion of internationalization of higher education in the world ranking of universities. The article provides data related to measures to attract young foreigners to study in higher education institutions of the Russian Federation, including the Volgograd State Technical University. Today, an interest in engineering professions among foreign applicants has increased markedly. The effectiveness of the learning process among foreign students, their achievement levels strongly depend on the success of their adaptation to the new socio-cultural environment. The article addresses the problems of language adaptation of foreign students who came from the former Soviet republics, mainly on the example of students from Turkmenistan.
Bologna Process in Armenia and Belarus: Successes and Problems
Authors: Titarenko L. G. , Zaslavskaya M. I.
Published: May 2020

The purpose of the article is to give a comparative analysis of the problems and achievements of the implementation of Bologna principles in higher education systems of the republics of Armenia and Belarus. Based on data from 2017–2019, a comparative study of the modernization of higher education systems of the two countries based on expert survey methods (experts are the administration and the teaching staff of universities), focus groups, content analysis of national media, statistics, and student surveys (only in Belarus), the authors identify the achieved successes and reveal unresolved problems in the process of implementing Bologna principles. It is shown that both countries formally ensured an equal access to higher education for their citizens, employment opportunities for graduates, participation of students and teachers in mobility processes; in both countries, a two-stage system of education and a system of transfer points, as well as a new pedagogical paradigm and competency-based approach have been introduced. At the same time, both countries are experiencing significant objective difficulties, associated primarily with insufficient state funding for higher education systems, inconsistencies between different levels of government, bureaucratization and inertia in the practical implementation of new approaches. Therefore, even with the formal implementation of the Bologna principles in Armenia, the national higher education system did not become a full-fledged participant in the European Higher Education Area. As for Belarus, its priorities remain the national principles of education, which define the boundaries of any educational reforms, including Bologna.