bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Criterion Validity of the Parsley Symptom Index Against the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-10 in a Chronic Disease Cohort: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Williams Hants , Steinberg Sarah , Leon Kendall , Vingum Ryan , Hu Mengyao , Berzin Robin , Hagg Heather , Hanaway Patrick
Published: January 2024

Background

Approximately 60% of US adults live with chronic disease, imposing a significant burden on patients and the health care system. With the rise of telehealth, patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) have emerged as pivotal tools for managing chronic disease. While numerous PROMs exist, few have been designed explicitly for telehealth settings. The Parsley Symptom Index (PSI) is an electronic patient-reported outcome measure (ePROM) developed specifically for telehealth environments.

Objective

Our aim is to determine whether the PSI predicts changes in the established Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-10 (PROMIS-10) Global Health, a 10-question short form.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from 367 unique patients, amassing 1170 observations between August 30, 2017, and January 30, 2023. Patients completed the PSI and the PROMIS-10 multiple times throughout the study period. Using univariate regression models, we assess the predictive criterion validity of the PSI against PROMIS-10 scores.

Results

This study revealed significant relationships between the PSI and PROMIS-10 physical and mental health scores through comprehensive univariate analyses, thus establishing support for the criterion validity of the PSI. These analyses highlighted the PSI’s potential as an insightful tool for understanding and predicting both mental and physical health dimensions.

Conclusions

Our findings emphasize the importance of the PSI in capturing the nuanced interactions between symptomatology and health outcomes. These insights reinforce the value of the PSI in clinical contexts and support its potential as a versatile tool in both research and practice.
Factors Impacting Chinese Older Adults’ Intention to Prevent COVID-19 in the Post–COVID-19 Pandemic Era: Survey Study
Authors: Guan Huixin , Wang Wei
Published: January 2024

Background

Understanding the factors influencing individuals’ health decisions is a dynamic research question. Particularly, after China announced the deregulation of the COVID-19 epidemic, health risks escalated rapidly. The convergence of “no longer controlled” viruses and the infodemic has created a distinctive social period during which multiple factors may have influenced people’s decision-making. Among these factors, the precautionary intentions of older individuals, as a susceptible health group, deserve special attention.

Objective

This study aims to examine the intention of older adults to engage in preventive behaviors and the influencing factors, including social, media, and individual factors, within the context of the postepidemic era. Drawing upon the structural influence model of communication, this study tests the potential mediating roles of 3 different types of media exposure between cognitive and structural social capital and protective behavior intention, as well as the moderating role of negative emotions between social capital and media exposure.

Methods

In this study, a web survey was used to collect self-reported quantitative data on social capital, media exposure, negative emotions, and the intention to prevent COVID-19 among older adults aged ≥60 years (N=399) in China.

Results

The results indicate that cognitive social capital significantly influenced protective behavior intention (P<.001), with cell phone exposure playing an additional impactful role (P<.001). By contrast, newspaper and radio exposure and television exposure mediated the influence of structural social capital on protective behavior intention (P<.001). Furthermore, negative emotions played a moderating role in the relationship between cognitive social capital and cell phone exposure (P<.001).

Conclusions

This study suggests that using tailored communication strategies across various media channels can effectively raise health awareness among older adults dealing with major pandemics in China, considering their diverse social capital characteristics and emotional states.
Measurement of Head Circumference Using a Smartphone: Feasibility Cohort Study
Authors: Yordanov Stefan , Akhter Kalsoom , Quan Teh Jye , Naushahi Jawad , Jalloh Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

Background

Accurate head circumference (HC) measurement is essential when assessing neonates and infants. Tape measure HC measurements are prone to errors, particularly when performed by parents/guardians, due to individual differences in head shape, hair style and texture, subject cooperation, and examiner techniques, including tape measure placement and tautness. There is, therefore, the need for a more reliable method.

Objective

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the validity, reliability, and consistency of HC app measurement compared to the current standard of practice, serving as a proof-of-concept for use by health care professionals.

Methods

We recruited infants attending the neurosurgery clinic, and parents/guardians were approached and consented to participate in the study. Along with the standard head circumference measurement, measurements were taken with the head circumference app (HC app) developed in-house, and we also collected baseline medical history and characteristics. For the statistical analysis, we used RStudio (version 4.1.1). In summary, we analyzed covariance and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to compare the measurement's within-rater and interrater reliability. The F test was used to analyze the variance between measurements and the Bland-Altman agreement, t test, and correlation coefficients were used to compare the tape measurement to the measures taken by the HC app. We also used nonvalidated questionnaires to explore parental or guardians’ experiences, assess their views on app utility, and collect feedback.

Results

The total number of recruited patients was 37. Comparison between the app measurements and the measurements with a tape measure showed poor reliability (ICC=0.177) and wide within-app variations (ICC=0.341). The agreement between the measurements done by parents/guardians and the tape measurements done by the researcher was good (ICC=0.901). Parental/guardian feedback was overall very positive, with most of the parents/guardians reporting that the app was easy to use (n=31, 84%) and that they are happy to use the app in an unsupervised setting, provided that they are assured of the measurement quality.

Conclusions

We developed this project as a proof-of-concept study, and as such, the app has shown great potential to be used both in a clinical setting and by parents/guardians in their own homes.
Erythema Induratum of Bazin: A Case Report (Preprint)
Authors: Sabharwal Kennedy , DeCastro Fernando
Published: January 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is almost exclusively transmitted via aerosolized droplets. Immunity develops to the tuberculosis infection, but bacteria can survive intracellularly without presenting with clinical symptoms. Patients may develop a latent tuberculosis infection that can lead to reactivation at any time. A tuberculid that can cause reactivation of the tuberculosis infection is Erythema induratum of Bazin. This type of lobular panniculitis presents with granuloma formation, necrosis, and fibrosis which is particularly seen in the lower legs. Few cases of tuberculosis of the skin have been reported to date.
This case report presents a 64-year-old female with a nodule on her right leg. The nodule had been noted for the past 4 weeks. The patient reported that she has had about 15 similar nodules over the past 15 years, each resolving in several weeks. An excisional biopsy of the nodule was taken and showed lobular lymphohistiocytic panniculitis with necrosis. Fite and Auramine-Rhodamine stains were negative for mycobacteria. QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus results were positive. Chest radiograph did not demonstrate active pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient was treated for latent tuberculosis.
When a patient presents with nodules on the lower legs with lobular lymphohistiocytic panniculitis with necrosis, evaluation for LTBI is necessary, followed by treatment if the evaluation is indicative of latent tuberculosis infection. The lesions associated with Bazin disease resolve spontaneously over several weeks to months. Nodular vasculitis may have similar presentation as Bazin disease but is typically not associated with tuberculosis.
Defining and Risk-Stratifying Immunosuppression (the DESTINIES Study): Protocol for an Electronic Delphi Study (Preprint)
Authors: Leston Meredith , Ordóñez-Mena José , Joy Mark , de Lusignan Simon , Hobbs Richard , McInnes Iain , Lee Lennard
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Globally, there are marked inconsistencies in how immunosuppression is characterized and subdivided into clinical risk groups. This is detrimental to the precision and comparability of disease surveillance efforts—which has negative implications for the care of those who are immunosuppressed and their health outcomes. This was particularly apparent during the COVID-19 pandemic; despite collective motivation to protect these patients, conflicting clinical definitions created international rifts in how those who were immunosuppressed were monitored and managed during this period. We propose that international clinical consensus be built around the conditions that lead to immunosuppression and their gradations of severity concerning COVID-19. Such information can then be formalized into a digital phenotype to enhance disease surveillance and provide much-needed intelligence on risk-prioritizing these patients.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to demonstrate how electronic Delphi objectives, methodology, and statistical approaches will help address this lack of consensus internationally and deliver a COVID-19 risk-stratified phenotype for “adult immunosuppression.”

METHODS

Leveraging existing evidence for heterogeneous COVID-19 outcomes in adults who are immunosuppressed, this work will recruit over 50 world-leading clinical, research, or policy experts in the area of immunology or clinical risk prioritization. After 2 rounds of clinical consensus building and 1 round of concluding debate, these panelists will confirm the medical conditions that should be classed as immunosuppressed and their differential vulnerability to COVID-19. Consensus statements on the time and dose dependencies of these risks will also be presented. This work will be conducted iteratively, with opportunities for panelists to ask clarifying questions between rounds and provide ongoing feedback to improve questionnaire items. Statistical analysis will focus on levels of agreement between responses.

RESULTS

This protocol outlines a robust method for improving consensus on the definition and meaningful subdivision of adult immunosuppression concerning COVID-19. Panelist recruitment took place between April and May of 2024; the target set for over 50 panelists was achieved. The study launched at the end of May and data collection is projected to end in July 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This protocol, if fully implemented, will deliver a universally acceptable, clinically relevant, and electronic health record–compatible phenotype for adult immunosuppression. As well as having immediate value for COVID-19 resource prioritization, this exercise and its output hold prospective value for clinical decision-making across all diseases that disproportionately affect those who are immunosuppressed.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/56271
Effectiveness and Acceptability of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Family Therapy for Gaming Disorder: Protocol for a Nonrandomized Intervention Study of a Novel Psychological Treatment (Preprint)
Authors: Bore Per , Nilsson Sara , Andersson Mitchell , Oehm Kajsa , Attvall Joel , Håkansson Anders , Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Gaming disorder (GD) is a new official diagnosis in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, and with its recognition, the need to offer treatment for the condition has become apparent. More knowledge is needed about the type of treatment needed for this group of patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of a novel module-based psychological treatment for GD based on cognitive behavioral therapy and family therapy.

METHODS

This study is a nonrandomized intervention study, with a pretest, posttest, and 3-month follow-up design. It will assess changes in GD symptoms, psychological distress, and gaming time, alongside treatment satisfaction, working alliance, and a qualitative exploration of patients’ and relatives’ experiences of the treatment.

RESULTS

This study started in March 2022 and the recruitment is expected to close in August 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This study evaluates the effectiveness and acceptability of a psychological treatment for patients with problematic gaming behavior and GD. It is an effectiveness trial and will be conducted in routine care. This study will have high external validity and ensure that the results are relevant for a diverse clinical population with psychiatric comorbidity.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06018922; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06018922

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/56315
Effectiveness and Experiences of Quality Improvement Interventions in Older Adult Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Jabin Md Shafiqur Rahman , Samuriwo Ray , Chilaka Marcus , Yaroson Emilia Vann
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Quality improvement (QI) interventions are designed to resolve the recurring challenges of care for older individuals, such as working conditions for staff, roles of older individuals in their own care and their families, and relevant stakeholders. Therefore, there is a need to map the impacts of QI interventions in older adult care settings and further improve health and social care systems associated with older adults.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to compile and synthesize the best available evidence regarding the effectiveness of policy and practice QI interventions in older adult care. The secondary aim is to understand the care of older individuals and QI intervention-related experiences and perspectives of stakeholders, care providers, older individuals, and their families.

METHODS

The mixed methods review will follow the standard methodology used by Joanna Briggs Institute. The published studies will be searched through CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ASSIA, and Web of Science, and the unpublished studies through Mednar, Trove, OCLC WorldCat, and Dissertations and Theses. This review included both qualitative and quantitative analyses of patients undergoing older adult care and any health and care professionals involved in the care delivery for older adults; a broad range of QI interventions, including assistive technologies, effects of training and education, improved reporting, safety programs, and medical devices; the experiences and perspectives of staff and patients; the context of older adult care setting; and a broad range of outcomes, including patient safety. The standard procedure for reporting, that is, PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, will be followed.

RESULTS

A result-based convergent synthesis design will be used in which both quantitative and qualitative studies will be analyzed separately, and the results of both syntheses will be then integrated during a final (convergent) synthesis. The integration will compare the findings of quantitative and qualitative evidence using tables in light of the results of both syntheses.

CONCLUSIONS

This comprehensive review is expected to reflect on the insights into some QI interventions and their impact, outline some common challenges of quality for older adult care, and benefit both the practical usefulness of care service activities and the society at large.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/56346
Investigating Data Diversity and Model Robustness of AI Applications in Palliative Care and Hospice: Protocol for Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Bozkurt Selen , Fereydooni Soraya , Kar Irem , Diop Chalmers Catherine , Leslie Sharon L , Pathak Ravi , Walling Anne , Lindvall Charlotta , Lorenz Karl , Quest Tammie , Giannitrapani Karleen , Kavalieratos Dio
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a pivotal element in health care, leading to significant advancements across various medical domains, including palliative care and hospice services. These services focus on improving the quality of life for patients with life-limiting illnesses, and AI’s ability to process complex datasets can enhance decision-making and personalize care in these sensitive settings. However, incorporating AI into palliative and hospice care requires careful examination to ensure it reflects the multifaceted nature of these settings.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aims to systematically map the landscape of AI in palliative care and hospice settings, focusing on the data diversity and model robustness. The goal is to understand AI’s role, its clinical integration, and the transparency of its development, ultimately providing a foundation for developing AI applications that adhere to established ethical guidelines and principles.

METHODS

Our scoping review involves six stages: (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) study selection; (4) charting the data; (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results; and (6) consulting with stakeholders. Searches were conducted across databases including MEDLINE through PubMed, Embase.com, IEEE Xplore, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science Core Collection, covering studies from the inception of each database up to November 1, 2023. We used a comprehensive set of search terms to capture relevant studies, and non-English records were excluded if their abstracts were not in English. Data extraction will follow a systematic approach, and stakeholder consultations will refine the findings.

RESULTS

The electronic database searches conducted in November 2023 resulted in 4614 studies. After removing duplicates, 330 studies were selected for full-text review to determine their eligibility based on predefined criteria. The extracted data will be organized into a table to aid in crafting a narrative summary. The review is expected to be completed by May 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review will advance the understanding of AI in palliative care and hospice, focusing on data diversity and model robustness. It will identify gaps and guide future research, contributing to the development of ethically responsible and effective AI applications in these settings.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/56353
Intersecting Forces in Employment Dynamics: A Comprehensive Analysis of Industrial and Export Processing Zones
Authors: Nguyen Thu-Ha
Published: January 2024

This manuscript conducts a comprehensive and meticulously detailed analysis of the multifaceted factors intricately shaping employment dynamics within industrial and export processing zones. It delves deeply into the intricate relationships among legal and policy frameworks, labor law dissemination and implementation, business strategies, human resource management, investor attitudes, and the pivotal role of labor unions in shaping employment conditions within these zones. Moreover, this study goes beyond the surface by exploring the profound impact of worker skills, awareness levels, family and social factors, and the unique conditions within industrial zones on employment security and job satisfaction. It unveils a rich tapestry of interdependencies contributing to the intricate web of employment dynamics in these critical sectors. The culmination of this research is a thoughtful and comprehensive discussion that not only highlights the challenges but also spotlights the opportunities awaiting workers after their tenure in these zones. It firmly underscores the paramount importance of balanced policies that not only safeguard worker rights with unwavering commitment but also provide the necessary impetus for facilitating sustainable business growth. This extensive exploration transcends the ordinary and offers invaluable, cutting-edge insights for all stakeholders involved in these sectors, setting a new benchmark for understanding and navigating the complex landscape of industrial and export processing zones.
Document Tampering Detection: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Singh Uday Vikram , Rastogi Suyash , Ahmed Asim
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Document forgery techniques have evolved to create counterfeit documents nearly identical to genuine ones, evading visual detection due to advancements in printing technologies. In response, this study proposes an innovative method to uncover intrinsic device-specific characteristics concealed within counterfeit documents, focusing on original and tampered images alongside their Error Level Analysis (ELA). By leveraging seventeen diverse image quality metrics, a discriminative analysis is established to differentiate between authentic and fraudulent documents. These metrics serve as pivotal parameters, enabling the training and rigorous testing of an SVM classifier. The classifier facilitates precise identification of counterfeit documents by utilizing original and tampered images in conjunction with ELA. Preliminary experiments center on scrutinizing various documents to showcase the method's potential in accurately detecting and distinguishing between counterfeit and genuine documents..
Human-AI-Collaboration in Healthcare
Authors: Aadil Gauri Muhammed , Maaz Shaikh Mohd
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This research paper explores how teaming up humans with Artificial Intelligence (AI) can make healthcare even better. Imagine doctors, nurses, and AI systems working side by side like a dream team! We dive into this exciting collaboration to see how it can boost the accuracy of diagnoses, improve treatments, and make patients healthier. Additionally, more theory-driven research is needed to inform the design, implementation, and use of collaborative AI for healthcare and to realize its benefits We take a close look at the cool technologies AI brings to the healthcare table, like super-smart computers that can learn, understand language, and even "see" images like X-rays or scans. The goal? To make healthcare decisions smarter, faster, and more personalized. In our study, we check out some examples where this teaming up of humans and AI has worked wonders. We also talk about important stuff like making sure this teamwork is fair, honest, and keeping patient information private. The findings of our research show that when humans and AI work together, healthcare gets a big boost. We share tips on how everyone—doctors, nurses, and even the AI systems—can learn from each other to make healthcare the best it can be. This research is like a guidebook for anyone interested in making healthcare friendlier, smarter, and more helpful. We hope our discoveries will help healthcare teams everywhere team up with AI to bring the best care to patients. Let us make healthcare better, together!
Why People Prefer Petrol Cars Over Electric Cars
Authors: Shaikh Kausar Mohammed Asif
Published: January 2024

bstract: This research paper aims to explore and understand the reasons behind people's continued preference for petrol cars over electric cars. Despite the global push towards sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation, the adoption of electric cars remains relatively low compared to their petrol counterparts. Through a thorough examination of various factors including cost, infrastructure, range anxiety, performance, and environmental perceptions, this research paper examines the underlying reasons for this preference.
Doctor App- Manipal Health Enterprise
Authors: Sharief Mahboob
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The "Doctor App - Manipal Health Enterprise" is a comprehensive healthcare solution designed to enhance the efficiency, accessibility, and quality of healthcare services provided by Manipal Health, a leading healthcare enterprise. This innovative mobile application aims to bridge the gap between healthcare providers and patients, offering a seamless and userfriendly platform for medical consultations, appointments, and health management. The app facilitates remote medical consultations, allowing patients to connect with experienced healthcare professionals from Manipal Health Enterprise. This feature promotes timely access to medical advice and reduces the need for in-person visits. Users can conveniently schedule appointments with healthcare practitioners through the app. This feature streamlines the booking process, reducing waiting times and optimizing the overall patient experience. The app integrates a secure EHR system, enabling patients and healthcare providers to access and manage medical records digitally. This enhances coordination between different healthcare services and ensures comprehensive patient care. The application prioritizes data security and ensures encrypted communication between patients and healthcare professionals. This commitment to privacy instills confidence in users to share sensitive health information. The "Doctor App - Manipal Health Enterprise" not only simplifies healthcare access but also fosters a patient-centric approach by leveraging technology to enhance communication and collaboration between healthcare providers and patients. By embracing the digital transformation of healthcare services, Manipal Health Enterprise aims to deliver a more efficient, patientfriendly, and comprehensive healthcare experience.
Reconstrução do cuidado em tuberculose: relato de experiência do PET-Saúde
Authors: Quarti Soares Letícia , Caldeira Medronha Aline , Peracchi Garcia Georgia , Meireles Batista Taizi , Pizzoni Mendez Giovana , De Macedo Torves Mariana , Lourenço Paim Luci , Machado Guimaraes Alana , Barbosa Veronica , Da Silva Almeida Rosangela , Müller Alessandra Bombarda
Published: January 2024

Introdução: O Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde), proposto pelos Ministérios da Saúde e da Educação, busca qualificar a integração do ensino em saúde com a realidade dos serviços de saúde, e esta foi a primeira vez que a Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos foi contemplada, propondo o fortalecimento do processo de reconstrução do cuidado à tuberculose em parceria com a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SMS) de Porto Alegre. Objetivo: Relatar as vivências e experiências acerca das ações de monitoramento dos indivíduos com tuberculose, através do olhar das petianas. Método: Este estudo é um relato de caso da edição 2022-2023 do PET-Saúde. O programa teve como principais etapas o mapeamento, o monitoramento e a busca ativa dos indivíduos com tuberculose - e seus contatos - vinculados às Unidades de Saúde adscritas na Coordenadoria Norte de Saúde (CNS) da SMS de Porto Alegre. Resultados: Esta parceria viabilizou a inserção e a elaboração de estratégias para o controle de 320 casos ativos de tuberculose e de abandonos, bem como a investigação de contatos de indivíduos com tuberculose, no intuito de reduzir os altos índices de transmissão da doença. Também oportunizou o desenvolvimento de competências para a gestão do cuidado em rede, como preconizado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), aproximando o conhecimento acadêmico da prática multidisciplinar e interprofissional. Considerações finais: Essa edição do programa fortaleceu o trabalho dinâmico de monitoramento do cuidado em tuberculose na rede de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), sistematizado e articulado com outros grupos de apoio para incorporar a educação permanente em saúde em tuberculose para as equipes da APS.
The Creation and Destruction of The Universe: Comparison of The Perspectives in Science and The Qur’an
Authors: Ramadhan Teuku Muhammad Hary , Yahya Mustanir , S Safrida , Sulastri Sulastri , Halim A
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the comparison of the concepts of creation and destruction of the universe from the perspective of science and the Qur'an, by analyzing some relevant literature. The majority of the literature used in this paper comes from the ScienceDirect database. The keywords used in the reference search were "Big Bang Theory", "Evolution of the Universe", and "Cosmology". The selection of references is based on the degree to which the source provides a thorough account of the universe's formation and destruction, as well as on the author's ability to grasp the language employed. Based on a review of some literature, there are similarities in terms used by Science and the Qur'an to explain the creation of the universe, but there are also differences not because the Qur'an is not able to explain scientifically, but because the Qur'an explains implicitly, not explicitly. Science has not been able to provide certainty about when the universe ends, as well as the Qur'an which is not written concretely. The comparison of the perspectives on the creation and destruction of the universe from science and the Qur'an offers a thought-provoking journey into the realms of reason and faith. While science provides a methodical and empirical understanding of the cosmos, the Qur'an offers a spiritual and metaphysical interpretation.Abstrak: Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan konsep penciptaan dan kehancuran alam semesta dari perspektif Sains dan Al-Qur’an, dengan menganalisis beberapa literatur yang relevan. Mayoritas literatur yang digunakan dalam makalah ini berasal dari database ScienceDirect. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian referensi adalah “Teori Big Bang”, “Evolusi Alam Semesta”, dan “Kosmologi”. Pemilihan referensi didasarkan pada sejauh mana sumber tersebut memberikan penjelasan menyeluruh tentang pembentukan dan kehancuran alam semesta, serta kemampuan penulis dalam memahami bahasa yang digunakan. Berdasarkan ulasan terhadap beberapa literatur, disimpulkan bahwa terdapat persamaan istilah yang digunakan oleh Sains dan Al-Qur’an untuk menjelaskan penciptaan alam semesta, namun ada juga yang berbeda. Hal tersebut bukan karena Al-Qur’an tidak mampu menjelaskan secara ilmiah, namun karena kitab suci tersebut menjelaskan secara implisit, tidak eksplisit. Sains belum mampu memberikan kepastian tentang kapan alam semesta berakhir, begitu juga dengan Al-Qur’an yang tidak menuliskan secara konkrit. Perbandingan perspektif penciptaan dan kehancuran alam semesta dari sains dan Al-Qur'an menawarkan perjalanan yang menggugah pikiran menuju alam akal dan iman. Sementara sains memberikan pemahaman metodis dan empiris tentang kosmos, Al-Qur'an menawarkan interpretasi spiritual dan metafisik.
The Al-Sunnah Method in Protecting The Environment: Hadith Perspectives
Authors: Rasyid Daud , Rasyid Aisyah Daud , Rasyid Sofiya Daud , Rasyid Bilal Daud
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This article studies the Sunnah (including what the Prophet is saying and conducting) regarding crucial global issues, namely the environment. Prophet Muhammad had given directions to humankind to maintain the environment (including earth, water, air, and living things) from any corrupted acts. The Hadith books contain information on these issues. This study uses a qualitative methodology with a descriptive approach, collecting hadiths on the environment and maintenance, accompanied by the views of classical and contemporary scholars. The findings indicate that Prophet had talked about contemporary global issues like water protection, living things protection, including protection of plants, tree planting and reforestation, prohibition of tree cutting, animal protection and the means for not harming them, earth and land protection, a special topic on reviving dead land, air protection, and prohibiting polluting the air. If the world had implemented these directives, there would not be a current catastrophic environmental condition.Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang Sunnah (dalam arti: ucapan dan perbuatan) Nabi terkait isu global yaitu isu lingkungan. Nabi Muhammad SAW. sudah memberikan arahan kepada umat manusia untuk menjaga lingkungan (mencakup: bumi, air, udara dan makhluk hidup) dari berbagai tindakan yang merusak. Hal itu tertuang di dalam hadits-haditsnya yang masih dibaca oleh setiap orang hingga hari ini. Studi ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, mengumpulkan hadits-hadits yang terkait dengan lingkungan dan cara memeliharanya, disertai pandangan ulama klasik dan kontemporer. Temuan penelitian ini, Nabi telah berbicara seputar isu global saat ini, seperti perlindungan air, makhluk hidup – termasuk tumbuhan, penanaman pohon, penghijauan hutan, larangan pemotongan pohon- perlindungan hewan, tindakan menyakitinya, perlindungan tanah, serta topik khusus tentang peremajaan tanah tandus, perlindungan udara, dan larangan mengotorinya. Andai dunia menerapkan arahan ini, niscaya tidak terjadi malapetaka yang menimpa lingkungan sekarang.
Adsorption of Cu (II) Heavy Metal From Acid Mine Drainage Using Modified Bentonite With Risk Husk Activated Carbon
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli , Marwan Marwan , Meurah Rosnelly Cut , Munawar Edi , Meilina Hesti
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Acid mine drainage is a waste product of the mining process that contains several heavy metals, including copper. The purpose of this study was to develop bentonite adsorbent-modified activated carbon from rice husks that will be used to adsorb Cu metal from acid mine drainage. Bentonite was chemically activated with HCl, whereas rice husk was physically and chemically activated in a furnace at 500°C for 2 hours and soaked in HCl. The modification was accomplished by combining activated bentonite and rice husk activated carbon in variations of ratio, which are 1:1, 1:2, 1;3, 1:4, and 1:5. Morphological analysis revealed a surface structure similar to that of coral (sponge). The functional groups identified include the OH, OH2, Al, SiO, SiOAl, and SiOSi functions. The XRD analysis showed a diffractogram at 2θ = 19000o and 20000o that indicates the presence of montmorillonite minerals. The Cu metal adsorption capacity of rice husk-modified bentonite was 3.153 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm obtained in this study is the Freundlich isotherm, with an R2 value of 0.9541. These findings indicate the potential usefulness of the modified adsorbent in mitigating the environmental impact of the industry dealing with acid mine drainage.Abstrak: Air asam tambang merupakan limbah hasil proses penambangan yang mengandung beberapa logam berat, diantaranya tembaga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan karbon aktif termodifikasi adsorben bentonit dari sekam padi yang akan digunakan untuk mengadsorpsi logam Cu dari air asam tambang. Bentonit diaktivasi secara kimia dengan HCl, sedangkan sekam padi diaktivasi secara fisik dan kimia dengan tanur pada suhu 500°C selama 2 jam dan direndam dalam HCl. Modifikasi dilakukan dengan menggabungkan bentonit aktif dan karbon aktif sekam padi dengan variasi perbandingan 1:1, 1:2, 1;3, 1:4, dan 1:5. Analisis morfologi mengungkapkan struktur permukaan yang mirip dengan karang (spons). Gugus fungsi yang teridentifikasi meliputi fungsi OH, OH2, Al, SiO, SiOAl, dan SiOSi. Analisis XRD menunjukkan difraktogram pada 2θ = 19000o dan 20000o yang menunjukkan adanya mineral montmorillonit. Kapasitas adsorpsi logam Cu pada bentonit termodifikasi sekam padi adalah 3,153 mg/g. Isoterm adsorpsi yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah isoterm Freundlich, dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0,9541. Temuan-temuan ini menunjukkan potensi kegunaan adsorben yang dimodifikasi dalam mengurangi dampak lingkungan bagi industri yang berurusan dengan limbah air tambang asam.
Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaves Improves Glucose Tolerance, Glycogen Levels, and Liver Health in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Aini Qurratu , Samingan Samingan , Sabri Mustafa
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This study aims to determine the effect of the leaf ethanol extract of (Moringa oleifera L.) on increasing the content of liver glycogen grains in hyperglycemic rats. The research was conducted at the Pathology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The method used is an experimental method with a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and five treatmenttests. Treatment A = Negative control (given with distilled water and physiological NaCl), B = Positive control (75 mg/kg BW of alloxan and incubated for 21 days), C (75 mg/kg BW of alloxan and 150 mg/kg BW of Moringa oleifera leaf ethanol extract for 21 days), D (75 mg/kg of alloxan and 300 mg/kg of Moringa oleifera leaf ethanol extract for 21 days), and E (75 mg/kg of alloxan and 450 mg/kg of Moringa oleifera leaf ethanol extract for 21 days). The parameters observed werethree factors: blood sugar levels, glycogen levels, and histological images of the liver depicting the condition of either a healthy or diseased liver. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a significant effect, namely that the administration of Moringa oleifera leaf extract at a dose of 450 mg/kg BW was able to reduce blood glucose levels, increase liver glycogen content,and repair liver cell damage in hyperglycemic rats (P<0.01).Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) terhadap peningkatan kandungan butir glikogen hati pada tikus  hiperglikemik. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi dan Farmakologi Jurusan Klinik Veteriner Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Syiah Kuala. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri atas lima perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan A = Kontrol negatif (diberi akuades dan NaCl fisiologis), B= Kontrol positif (75 mg/kg BB aloksan dan diinkubasi selama 21 hari), C (75 mg/kg BB aloksan dan  150 mg/kg BB ekstrak daun kelor selama 21 hari), D (75 mg/kg BB aloksan dan 300 mg/kg BB ekstrak daun kelor selama 21 hari), dan E (75 mg/kg BB aloksan dan 450 mg/kg BB ekstrak daun kelor selama 21 hari). Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar glukosa darah, kandungan butir glikogen hati dan perbaikan sel hati pada tikus hiperglikemik. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan  adanya pengaruh yang signifikan yaitu pemberian ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) pada dosis 450 mg/kg BB  mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah, meningkatkan kandungan butir glikogen hati dan memperbaiki kerusakan sel hati  pada tikus hiperglikemik (P<0.01).
Removal of Ion Nitrate and Phospate Using Cocoa Shell Skin Modified With Functional Polymer
Authors: Rahayu Aster , Jamilatun Siti , Amrillah Nafira Alfi Zaini , Nuraini Nuraini , Mulyadi Irwan
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Cocoa is a plant that is widely cultivated in Indonesia, one of which is in the Yogyakarta area. On the outside of the cocoa fruit, it is known as the cocoa shell skin. Cocoa shell skin is an agricultural waste that is a simple, cheap, and environmentally friendly development that is used as an adsorbent for nitrate and phospate removal. This article discusses the chemicals used when modifying cocoa shell skin to increase the activity of cocoa shell skin against ion nitrate and phospate adsorption. One of the chemicals used for modification is 2-[(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride solution (META). Modification of the surface of cacao shell skin with META resulted in an improvement; the percentages of removal of ion nitrate and phosphate were 89.67% and 92%, respectively. In addition, this study compared the characterization of materials resulting from the absorption of Cocoa Shell Skin (CC) and Cocoa Shell Skin Modified META (CC-META) for nitrate and phosphate ions using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The modification with META could improve the C-N group and N-H groups on the surface of cacao shell skin.Abstrak: Kakao merupakan tanaman yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia salah satunya di daerah Yogyakarta. Bagian luar buah kakao dikenal dengan kulit cangkang kakao. Kulit cangkang kakao merupakan limbah pertanian yang merupakan pengembangan sederhana yang murah dan ramah lingkungan serta digunakan sebagai adsorben penyerap nitrat dan fosfat. Artikel ini membahas tentang bahan kimia yang digunakan pada modifikasi kulit cangkang kakao untuk meningkatkan aktivitas kulit cangkang kakao terhadap adsorpsi ion nitrat dan fosfat. Salah satu bahan kimia yang digunakan untuk modifikasi adalah larutan 2-[(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (META). Modifikasi permukaan kulit cangkang kakao dengan META menghasilkan peningkatan persentase penyerapan ion nitrat dan fosfat masing-masing sebesar 89,67% dan 92%. Selain itu, penelitian ini membandingkan karakterisasi bahan hasil penyerapan Cocoa Shell Skin (CC) dan Cocoa Shell Skin – Modifikasi META (CC-META) untuk ion nitrat dan fosfat menggunakan Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) dan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Modifikasi dengan META dapat meningkatkan gugus C-N dan gugus N-H pada permukaan kulit cangkang kakao.
Analisis of The Semiotic Meaning of The Poem "Gray Forest in The Forest" by Sapardi Djoko Damono
Authors: Ana Awa Yuliana , Nurhayati Enung
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the semiotic meaning of one of Sapardi Djoko Damono's poems entitled "Gray forest in the rain." In this poem there are many meanings or symbols that are difficult for the reader to understand. Therefore, the reader analyzes this poem. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Descriptive qualitative is a method that can describe, analyze, explain, interpret, and reveal the meaning and facts of scientific logic. The stages carried out by researchers in analyzing semiotic meaning are reading and understanding the entire content of the poem. Furthermore, the signs and markers found will be analyzed using Ferdinand De Saussure's theory, because in semiotic studies Ferdinand De Saussure's theory is considered the most important to analyze the signs, symbols, symbols conveyed by the poet in his work. The result of the poem 'Gray forest in the rain' depicts silence, darkness, and deep sadness. Each stanza and line in the poem depicts sadness as if the rain is falling and the forest reveals the real silence in endless sadness. Weeping is always enveloped in all the humming that is said.
LANGUAGE SHIFTS IN JAVANESE NAMING SYSTEM: A CASE IN NGINCEP VILLAGE, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: SM Syafrianto , Wardhani Evi Murti , Istiqomah Fitria Naimatul , Yanottama Fourica
Published: January 2024

The naming system for Javanese is an impressive tradition performing the Javanese culture and identity and has historically been the case in Javanese culture. The goal of this study is to identify and describe the name patterns of Ngincep citizens from 1900s to 2023, to investigate the cultural factors influencing the naming system of Ngincep residents, and to expose individual attention in the naming system as well as to map the language shifts. This research employed ethnographic and interactive models, each of which was implemented by participant observation and interviews. Additionally, sociolinguistic, ethnolinguistic, and onomastic approaches were also involved in this study. This study was located in Ngincep, a village in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Province. The data suggest that Javanese people's naming system in Ngincep was significantly affected by social classes, as discovered by Geertz, from the beginning of the 1900s to several decades later. However, the advancement of technology has recently changed this system, as evidenced by the number of words in names and the propensity of groups or individuals in naming children. The reason behind this phenomenon is also supposedly coming from the long-standing flexibility in the naming system for Javanese society, in general, and Yogyakarta Palace servant members, in particular, who are assigned as a part of their responsibilities to preserve Javanese culture and language, one of the cultural products.
The Making of the Liveable City: The Overlooked Aspects of Smart Cities Design
Authors: Hatem Faten Mostafa
Published: January 2024

This article examines the real potential of smart cities to offer a
better experience to residents as people with more than just basic
needs. This is done through a lens of design, urban encounters and
on-site sensations. The topic is presented and discussed in four main
themes; Facilitating the Making of Livable City and Quality Experience,
Mental Associations of the City, The Unique Intimacy of the Night
Experience, Emotional Responses: Safety, Stress and Discomfort, and the
Taste of the City: Character, Wayfinding and Monotony. This is done to
facilitate analysis and communication. Nevertheless, the topics
presented here should not be separated from one another. Various
qualitative methods were used in the analysis of the Milton Keynes case
study. This includes interviews, field observations and visual
comparisons with other cases, allowing for a deeper understanding of the
different capabilities of the different approaches. The results help to
further fill the knowledge gap in the literature on the overlooked
aspects of smart cities and provide better information for smart city
design.
Circling Back to the Future: Reviving Sustainability with Supplementary Building Materials and Carbon Materials in Cementitious Composites
Authors: Akhtar Ali
Published: January 2024

The global production of cement has surpassed billions of tonnes and continues to grow rapidly. However, ensuring the sustainability of construction systems faces a significant challenge due to the increasing demand for raw materials and uncertainties surrounding their future availability. In this context, the utilization of char in construction materials has emerged as a promising research area. This approach not only offers a potential for carbon storage but also presents an opportunity to obtain raw materials for civil works. To fully comprehend the incorporation of char into concrete and its implications, it is essential to first grasp the fundamental mechanisms of concrete hydration and supplementary cementitious materials. The paper contributes valuable insights into the various factors that influence the properties of char and provides a better understanding of the heat evolution during the hydration process of supplementary cementitious materials. The findings of the article demonstrate that char holds promise as an alternative option in cementitious composites, capable of partially replacing cement content. However, it is crucial to conduct further comprehensive research before considering widespread application of char in concrete, as there are still aspects that need to be explored in-depth.