bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UNA APUESTA POR EL SABER COMÚN
Authors: Jiménez David Andrés
Published: May 2024

Nuestro mundo está cambiando y cada día nos plantea nuevos retos que generan transformaciones en las prácticas y en las apropiaciones del mundo. Sin duda, el avance de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación ha puesto en el panorama mundial nuevas posibilidades que impactan la forma en que el conocimiento científico se está distribuyendo. En este orden de ideas, las revistas empiezan a ver en el formato electrónico una nueva forma de difundir y transformar su entorno. Este reto está demandando nuevas alfabetizaciones que deben estar acompañadas por una reflexión sopesada y profunda. No tener en cuenta lo positivo y lo negativo, lo conveniente y lo inconveniente, los límites y posibilidades de las nuevas tecnologías podría implicar sectarismos que defiendan o rechacen sin mayor argumentación los cambios que se nos presentan.
Asignación y enseñanza en la escuela
Authors: Vega Violetta
Published: May 2024

Este artículo presenta una reflexión sobre las características y los efectos de la interacción corporal entre profesores y estudiantes en el contexto de la escuela formal. En la consideración de la experiencia cotidiana de los individuos, se espera enraizar una percepción acabada sobre lo que se juega al incorporarse en la escuela. Desde una perspectiva fenomenológica, se escrutan los siguientes interrogantes: ¿se privilegia lo intelectual ante lo corporal en la escuela? y si es así, ¿cuál es la incidencia de ese privilegio sobre la interacción dialógica entre profesores y estudiantes? Los planteamientos que aquí se esbozan se apoyan en los resultados de la investigación “Cuerpo, Diálogo y Educación” y toman como fuentes básicas los aportes en este campo de Foucault, M., Fullat, O., Le Breton, D., Mélich, J. y Merleau-Ponty, M. Tras el proceso de análisis, se configuraron cinco unidades de información: asignación verbal, asignación expresiva y asignación de la actividad.
Jóvenes expersoneros escolares: ¿Sujetos críticos? Perspectivas y dificultades
Authors: Lince Bohórquez Wilmar Dubian
Published: May 2024

El texto se divide en tres partes. La primera tiene tres componentes: la síntesis del referente teórico-conceptual y la metodología diseñada para el levantamiento de información e interacción con los jóvenes participantes, una sucinta postura crítica alrededor de las categorías democracia y ciudadanía, y por último, una reflexión acerca de la relación teoría-práctica en las ciencias sociales y, en particular, en esta investigación. En esta primera parte se muestra, sintéticamente, cómo el punto de partida es el pensamiento crítico clásico, con su origen en el marxismo, pasando por la Primera Escuela de Frankfurt hasta llegar a los planteamientos de Giroux, Freire y Mclaren. Así mismo, se hace alusión a la investigación participativa, enfoque metodológico empleado en la investigación. La segunda parte es una disertación, un poco más extensa, de lo hallado como producto de la interacción con los jóvenes expersoneros, en sus espacios concretos de socialización y los datos construidos. Allí se reflexiona en torno al tipo de sujeto que se desenvuelve en los espacios de socialización y la forma en que éstos influyen en la configuración de las acciones e imaginarios de estos muchachos. Como colofón, e intentando concatenar la perspectiva teórica, la metodología y la realidad concreta, se plantea un sujeto crítico posible y se arriesga una propuesta de formación con base en la experiencia investigativa y la propuesta pedagógica presentada por el equipo de investigación.
Cambiar la forma de enseñar con internet transformar el aula en investigación y comunicación
Authors: Morán José Manuel
Published: May 2024

Uno de los ejes centrales en los cambios educativos ha sido la transformación de la educación en un proceso de comunicación auténtica, abierta, principalmente entre profesores y estudiantes, pero también entre directivos y con la comunidad, sobre todo con los padres. Vale la pena ser educador sólo dentro de un contexto comunicacional participativo, interactivo, vivencial. Sólo aprendemos profundamente en ese contexto. No vale la pena enseñar si se está inmerso en estructuras autoritarias o si se enseña de forma autoritaria. Puede que aprender y enseñar de esa forma sea incluso más eficiente a corto plazo –los estudiantes aprenden rápidamente determinados contenidos pragmáticos– pero lo cierto es que no aprenden a ser personas, a ser ciudadanos. Con Internet nos estamos viendo obligados a cambiar la forma de enseñar y aprender tanto en los cursos presenciales como en los de educación a distancia. Sólo vale la pena estar físicamente juntos cuando acontece algo significativo, cuando aprendemos más estando juntos que investigando aisladamente en nuestras casas.
Estudios culturales y estudios sobre lo cultural reflexiones sobre su producción reciente en Colombia
Authors: Árias Gómez Diego H , Torres Puentes Elizabeth
Published: May 2024

En las últimas dos décadas el tema de los estudios culturales en Colombia ha cobrado una inusitada importancia expresada en decenas de compilaciones monográficas, artículos de revista, eventos nacionales e internacionales, al lado de su irrupción creciente en ámbitos académicos y universitarios con seminarios, posgrados e investigaciones cuyo objeto es el amplio y variado espectro que el mundo cultural ofrece. El presente escrito, a manera de ensayo teórico, busca dar cuenta de la génesis, desarrollo y consolidación de lo cultural en el campo intelectual del país, en las últimas dos décadas, identificando su articulación con las ciencias sociales y con el contexto que, en parte, explica su dinámica. En primera instancia se presentará un recorrido por diferentes obras y autores cuyo objeto de estudio ha sido la cultura en relación con la sociedad colombiana, especialmente durante el siglo XX; posteriormente se hará un abordaje de los Estudios culturales en Colombia en relación con el desarrollo de este tema en este y otros continentes; después se intentará hacer un mapa de sus temas, problemas y metodologías; y, finalmente se trazará un esquema de sus tendencias, escuelas y divulgaciones, junto a sus límites y tensiones por resolver.
Jóvenes expersoneros escolares como líderes: una mirada a las concepciones que tienen tres jóvenes expersoneros escolares de la ciudad de Medellín acerca de su condición de líderes
Authors: Restrepo Posada Margarita María
Published: May 2024

El artículo que se presenta a continuación desarrolla el liderazgo como categoría emergente de los resultados obtenidos de la investigación: “Jóvenes expersoneros escolares como sujetos críticos: una mirada a tres jóvenes de Medellín en espacios concretos de socialización”. En estos jóvenes la categoría de liderazgo emerge con fuerza debido a la importancia que éstos le dan, por una parte, a la reflexión en torno a sus acciones, y por otra, a la interacción con otros sujetos en sus espacios de socialización política. Para identificar, analizar y plantear las concepciones que tienen los tres jóvenes expersoneros escolares acerca de su condición de líderes, se parte en primer lugar del reconocimiento de la existencia de diversas definiciones, enfoques y métodos relacionados con el liderazgo; luego se establece un diálogo con sus reflexiones sobre las características y habilidades sociales de un líder, y su relación con el sujeto político y sujeto crítico; y se finaliza con una estrategia pedagógica que involucra el taller como metodología, para favorecer la formación de un líder que busque la transformación social.
Representaciones sociales y prácticas de formación profesional
Authors: de la Espriella Arenas Fernando Antonio , Echeverry Serna Diego
Published: May 2024

El propósito del trabajo es presentar los resultados del proyecto de investigación “Representaciones sociales de las prácticas de los estudiantes de Licenciatura en Educación Física de la Universidad de Córdoba y Trabajo Social de la Universidad del Quindío”. En él se develan representaciones que muestran la práctica como un escenario de oportunidades, de aprendizajes, de confrontación de teorías y como transformación de realidades. De igual forma se descubren los miedos, temores, expectativas y desequilibrios cognitivos que sienten los estudiantes a la hora de abordar su práctica de formación profesional. El fundamento teórico sobre el cual se apoya es la teoría de las representaciones sociales desde el enfoque procesual de Denise Jodelet y los postulados de practica reflexiva de Donald Schön y Philippe Perrenoud.
A imprensa republicana: um estudo de caso
Authors: Gebara Ademir
Published: May 2024

This paper is a revised edition of the master thesis I submitted 1975 to the Department of History of the University of São Paulo, having as adviser Prof. Dr. Carlos Guilherme Mota. Two chapters of the original thesis have already been published respectively in the Anais de Assis and in the Anais do Museu Paulista. The present version benefitted from discussions held at the Department of History of UNICAM, especially in the frame of the project “Capitalismo e Agricultura’’.
A preservação de igrejas católicas após as reformas litúrgicas do Concílio Vaticano II
Authors: Costa Pablo Pinheiro da
Published: May 2024

Since the use of built heritage is a requisite for its conservation, this article discusses the adaptation of Catholic churches, conceived for the liturgy supported by the Council of Trent (1545-1563), to that of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965), which presuppose a symbolically and functionally different spatial layout. Issues concerning this process are presented which sometimes led to the loss of cultural assets, frequently in favor of less pertinent interventions. It presents the architectural program for celebrating the reformed liturgy in Tridentine churches, as expressed by official documents in articulation with the principles of intervention in cultural assets and illustrative examples.
First record of the three-spined box crab, Arcania undecimspinosa De Haan, 1841 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Leucosiidae) from the Arabian Sea, with a key to the species of Arcania recorded from the Indian coast
Authors: Sureandiran B. , Dave T. H. , Solanki J. B. , Karuppasamy K. , Vidhya V. , Suyani N. K.
Published: May 2024

A single specimen of the three-spined box crab, Arcania undecimspinosa De Haan, 1841, measuring 21.0 mm CW and 20.5 mm CL, is here documented for the first time from the Arabian Sea along the north-west coast of India. Previously, the species has been only reported from the Bay of Bengal region along the Indian coast. The present study provides a detailed taxonomic description of the species with high-resolution colour photographs and line drawings, along with a key to the species of the genus Arcania known from the Indian coast.
R2P, the Imperial Critique, and Self-Determination: Recovering the Narrative of the Tlaxcaltecas
Authors: Brunstetter Daniel R. , Lobo Francisco
Published: May 2024

Scholars look to early modern canonical texts to understand the philosophical underpinnings of R2P. Meanwhile, critiques argue these origins couch Western imperial intentions. This article complicates the story by returning to a pivotal historical moment – the Spanish encounter with the Aztecs – to explore protective war from an overlooked angle: that of Spain’s indigenous allies, the Tlaxcaltecas. Despite being oppressed by the imperialistic Aztecs, canonical Western texts related to R2P and post-colonial critiques both elide the Tlaxcaltecas’ precarious agency – the rights and duties moulded by endemic structures of violence before, during, and after protective intervention – by problematically embracing simple binaries of European oppressor and indigenous oppressed. Restoring the Tlaxcaltecas to the story complicates tropes about imperial projections of force and the pervasive assumption in R2P discussions of the ‘innocent oppressed’. Our conclusions provide new perspective from which to view future Pillar 3 dilemmas by recognising that the protected sometimes have a bellicose role to play.
Nietzsche and the Mysticism of Apotheosis
Authors: Carollo Brett
Published: May 2024

This paper argues that Friedrich Nietzsche was a mystic and that his post-Gay Science (1882) thought should be understood as an unfolding expression of his mystical experiences. Drawing on Nietzsche’s Nachlass (notes), letters, and published writings, I show that he undoubtedly had at least two major mystical experiences and that these experiences were the source of all the cardinal motifs of his later thought. The apparent tensions or paradoxes between Nietzsche’s cardinal teachings, above all that between the superman and the eternal recurrence, are resolved once they are understood as products of a mystical epistemology derived from an intuitive source of knowledge purportedly beyond the dualities intrinsic to ordinary modes of cognition. This intuitio mystica, which Nietzsche declared to be the real purpose of all philosophy, is coextensive with a type of mysticism I call apotheosis, based on the individual ego’s identification with a unity underlying all reality.
Synoptic-Scale Meteorological Patterns Associated with Heavy Rainfall in the Minnesota Region
Authors: Laiho Rory , Friedrich Katja , Winters Andrew C.
Published: May 2024

Situated in the Upper Midwest, Minnesota’s midcontinental location places it in a climate transition zone between eastern U.S. humid conditions and western semiarid conditions as well as between warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico to the south and drier, polar air to the north. Potential adverse impacts on ecosystems due to changing climate and precipitation patterns, together with ongoing flash flooding risks, indicate that heavy rainfall occurrence and distribution are important considerations for Minnesota. This research used ERA5 reanalysis data with 0.25° grid spacing during May–September 1959–2021 to investigate the synoptic-scale drivers of Minnesota heavy rainfall. The study utilized a neural network, self-organizing map (SOM) technique to identify sea level pressure patterns and precipitation patterns associated with heavy rainfall and used composite analysis to explore the relationships between synoptic-scale conditions and environmental parameters during heavy rain hours. Six sea level pressure patterns were identified, three of which represented advancing surface cyclones and accounted for >70% of the heavy rain hours. The spatial distribution of heavy rainfall was represented by six precipitation patterns. The greatest frequency of heavy rain hours was associated with the northwest precipitation pattern, followed by the southwest and southeast patterns. Analysis of the frequency of pressure and heavy rain precipitation pattern pairs revealed that the top five most frequent pairs were associated with advancing surface cyclones and >26% of the total heavy rain hours. Composite analysis of environmental parameters showed that favorable conditions related to moisture and lift were associated with heavy rainfall.
Initial Validation of the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire in a Sample of Portuguese Athletes
Authors: Pinho Ana , Monteiro Diogo , Jacinto Miguel , Matos Rui , Rodrigues Filipe , Amaro Nuno , Teques Pedro , Fonseca Teresa , Antunes Raúl
Published: May 2024

Our primary objectives in this study were to translate and provide psychometric support for the Coach Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q) Portuguese version, assess its invariance across sex, and explore its nomological validity in relation to enjoyment. Our sample participants were 470 athletes (226 females, 244 males) aged between 16 to 39 years from various individual and team sports. We found that the translated Portuguese version of the CART-Q exhibited satisfactory test-retest reliability and can serve as a reliable tool for evaluating the core constructs of the coach-athlete relationship – closeness, commitment, and complementarity. Moreover, this instrument showed evidence of nomological validity through significant positive correlations between its underlying factors and athletes' enjoyment with their sport. The proposed model for explaining item variance was also found to be invariant between male and female respondents. We recommend further use of this instrument in research and practical applications.
Comparison of ePTFE membranes with fluorine-free alternatives considering durability of laminated fabrics using hydrostatic pressure testing
Authors: Lutz Christian , Rödel Florian , Eibl Sebastian
Published: May 2024

Pleasant wearing comfort is achieved using laminated fabrics containing a waterproof and breathable membrane. The most used membrane type is expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. Due to the negative impact of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances on the environment, fluorine-free alternative materials are necessary. In this work, alternative membrane materials, polyurethane and polyethylene terephthalate, were compared with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. First, the mass per unit area, thickness, tensile properties, water vapor resistance, and hydrostatic pressure of corresponding laminates were determined. Furthermore, their durability, which is an essential aspect of sustainability, was investigated. Therefore, they were hydrolyzed, weathered, washed, and incorrectly treated (e.g. washed with fabric softener) and then investigated for hydrostatic pressure resistance, by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and digital microscopy. It was shown that polyethylene terephthalate and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene are comparable with respect to breathability, waterproofness (>20 bar), and durability. However, the hydrostatic pressure resistance (approximately 11 bar) and the water vapor resistance values (>23 m2 · Pa · W−1) of microporous polyurethane membranes are poorer, but they still provide suitable alternatives. In addition, a beginning degradation of polyurethane could be proved after hydrolysis and weathering. Furthermore, the deposition of calcium salts on all membranes was observed after washing with tap water, fabric softener, and washing agents.
Concepts in Context: Ontological Coherence in Political Science Research
Authors: Graefrath Moritz S. , Jahn Marcel
Published: May 2024

Political methodologists have long sought to develop standards that can guide political scientists in the process of concept formation. Yet, the methodology literature has struggled to provide satisfactory solutions to the fundamental problem of conceptualization: for any given concept, there are a large number of attributes one could postulate as its defining characteristics, and it is unclear how to adjudicate between different possible definitions. We leverage the fact that the theory within which a concept appears places important restrictions on concept formation: conceptualizations entail ontological claims that need to be consistent with those of the theories in which they appear.
Vertical vibration model for the roll system of a six-high rolling mill based on the Timoshenko beam theory
Authors: Gao Shufeng , Wei Zhen , Liu Yunxiao , Peng Wen , Zhang Dianhua , Sun Jie
Published: May 2024

During the production of cold-rolled strips, the high-speed operation of rolling mills generates vibrations that significantly impact the production efficiency, the strip quality, and the rolling mill service life. Therefore, investigating the vibration characteristics of rolling mills is of paramount importance. Previous studies predominantly treated the rolls as point masses, overlooking variations in the vibrations along the lengths of the rolls. In this study, the working, intermediate, and backup rolls were regarded as continuous elastic bodies, and they were simplified as Timoshenko beams. The modal superposition method was used to solve the vertical vibration equations for the rolls of a six-high rolling mill; thus, the natural frequencies and modal shapes for the rolls were obtained for both free and forced vibrations. A finite-element model validation confirmed that the accuracy of the novel Timoshenko beam six-high rolling mill vibration model introduced in this paper is significantly higher than that of the traditional Euler beam model when the roller length-to-diameter ratio is relatively small. Further analysis based on this model indicates that the forced vibration of the rolls is primarily influenced by fluctuations in rolling force. The amplitude of forced vibration is affected by factors such as the friction coefficient in the deformation zone, rolling speed, and cumulative rolling distance of the work rolls. These findings provide a precise representation of the characteristics of forced vibrations in rolling mills and offer valuable theoretical insight to ensure stable rolling mill operation.
Platelet and INR Thresholds and Bleeding Risk in Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Liver Biopsy: A Before-After Implementation of the 2019 Society of Interventional Radiology Guidelines Observational Quality Improvement Study
Authors: DesRoche Chloe , Callum Jeannie , Scholey Aiden , Hajjaj Omar I. , Flemming Jennifer , Mussari Ben , Tarulli Emidio , Reza Nasirzadeh Amir , Menard Alexandre
Published: May 2024

Purpose: To evaluate if implementation of the 2019 Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) guidelines for periprocedural management of bleeding risk in patients undergoing percutaneous ultrasound guided liver biopsy is associated with increased haemorrhagic adverse events, change in pre-procedural blood product utilization, and evaluation of guideline compliance rate at a single academic institution. Methods: Ultrasound guided percutaneous liver biopsies from (January 2019-January 2023) were retrospectively reviewed (n = 504), comparing biopsies performed using the 2012 SIR pre-procedural coagulation guidelines (n = 266) to those after implementation of the 2019 SIR pre-procedural guidelines (n = 238). Demographic, preprocedural transfusion, laboratory, and clinical data were reviewed. Chart review was conducted to evaluate the incidence of major bleeding adverse events defined as those resulting in transfusion, embolization, surgery, or death. Results: Implementation of the 2019 SIR periprocedural guidelines resulted in reduced guideline non-compliance related to the administration of blood products, from 5.3% to 1.7% ( P = .01). The rate of pre-procedural transfusion remained the same pre and post guidelines at 0.8%. There was no statistically significant change in the incidence of bleeding adverse events, 0.8% pre guidelines versus 0.4% post ( P = 1.0). Conclusion: Implementation of the 2019 SIR guidelines for periprocedural management of bleeding risk in patients undergoing percutaneous ultrasound guided liver biopsy did not result in an increase in bleeding adverse events or pre-procedural transfusion rates. The guidelines can be safely implemented in clinical practice with no increase in major adverse events.
Injured and Ashamed: The Limitation of the Expanded Coercion-Based Rape Model in South Korea
Authors: Park Joohyun
Published: May 2024

Rape is a form of gender-based violence in which the line between coercion and consent is frequently blurred or contested. What happens when a court system broadens its definition of rape to include a broader range of coercive and potentially nonconsensual behaviors? In recent decades, South Korean courts have shifted the scope of coercion required for rape convictions, expanding from direct to indirect force to cover a broader range of rape cases. In this article, I investigate what has and has not changed with the expanded definition of coercion, through quantitative and qualitative analysis of 872 South Korean court decisions between 2013 and 2020. The analysis demonstrates that, despite a broader definition of coercion, the coercion-based rape model reinforces gender hierarchy by depicting the victim as the one who is supposed to be severely injured and ashamed in order to be believed. This study contributes to a better understanding of what we lose when femininity is defined by vulnerability, and it also engages the global debate over coercion-based versus consent-based legal models for rape adjudications.
Alkylating agents are possible inducers of glioblastoma and other brain tumors
Authors: Smith Carr J. , Perfetti Thomas A. , Chokshi Chirayu , Venugopal Chitra , Ashford J. Wesson , Singh Sheila K.
Published: May 2024

Epidemiological evidence of an association between exposure to chemical carcinogens and an increased risk for development of glioblastoma (GBM) is limited to weak statistical associations in cohorts of firefighters, farmers, residents exposed to air pollution, and soldiers exposed to toxic chemicals (e.g., military burn pits, oil-well fire smoke). A history of ionizing radiation therapy to the head or neck is associated with an increased risk of GBM. Ionizing radiation induces point mutations, frameshift mutations, double-strand breaks, and chromosomal insertions or deletions. Mutational profiles associated with chemical exposures overlap with the broad mutational patterns seen with ionizing radiation. Data on 16 agents (15 chemicals and radio frequency radiation) that induced tumors in the rodent brain were extracted from 602 Technical Reports on 2-years cancer bioassays found in the National Toxicology Program database. Ten of the 15 chemical agents that induce brain tumors are alkylating agents. Three of the 15 chemical agents have idiosyncratic structures and might be alkylating agents. Only two of the 15 chemical agents are definitively not alkylating agents. The rat model is thought to be of possible relevance to humans suggesting that exposure to alkylating chemicals should be considered in epidemiology studies on GBM and other brain tumors.
How do Patients With Advanced Cancer and Family Caregivers Accommodate One Another in Decision-Making? Findings From a Qualitative Study in Specialist Palliative Care
Authors: Foley Geraldine , McCauley Rachel , McQuillan Regina , Ryan Karen
Published: May 2024

Background

Patients with advanced cancer commonly involve family caregivers in decision-making for palliative care. However, how patients with advanced cancer and family caregivers accommodate each other in decision-making is unclear.

Methods

A qualitative study in advanced cancer was conducted with 14 patients and 19 family caregivers recruited from two hospices comprising a large regional specialist palliative care service in Ireland. Data comprised semi-structured interviews with participants. The data were analyzed using grounded theory coding procedures.

Results

Most patients preferred to make care decisions with their family caregiver or at least involve their family caregiver in care discussions. Patients engaged in shared decision-making because they felt they benefited from caregiver support. Patients accommodated family caregiver preferences out of concern for that person and because they trusted them. Family caregivers accommodated patient preferences because they wanted to honor the patient’s wishes and felt a responsibility to protect patient autonomy when they had a close relationship with the patient. Prior conflict between the patient and family caregiver was a barrier to mutual accommodation. Although concealment was used as a mechanism to support accommodation between the patient and family caregiver, both sought to communicate openly with other family members to negate potential conflict between each other and the wider family.

Conclusion

Patients with advanced cancer and family caregivers in specialist palliative care support one another by accommodating each other’s preferences for patient care. Patients with advanced cancer and family caregivers accommodate one another in decision-making out of a sense of responsibility to one another.
Cyclic loading and unloading strain equations and damage evolution of gypsum specimens considering damping effects
Authors: Wu Di , Jing Laiwang , Jing Wei , Peng Shaochi
Published: May 2024

This study aims to establish a strain instanton equation and damage factor evolution law for gypsum specimens by considering damping. First, damping energy is calculated based on the single-degree-of-freedom vibration model, and the instantaneous strain equation is obtained based on the stress balance equation. Second, the dissipation energy is divided into damping and damage energies, and a damage-factor correction algorithm is obtained. Third, cyclic loading and unloading tests were performed at different loading rates and stress amplitudes to verify the accuracy of the strain equation. Finally, the specimens’ magnitude curves and crack characteristics were monitored using moment–tensor acoustic emission simulations. The factors influencing the damping energy and strain equations, energy and damage evolution laws of the specimens, and damage patterns of the specimens at different loading rates were analysed. The results show that the instantaneous strain equation and the modified damage factor considering the damping effect can effectively reflect the deformation law and damage state of the specimens. In contrast, the damage to the specimens in the lower limit of the variable stress experiment was lower than that in the lower limit of the constant stress experiment. As the loading rate increases, the damage energy density of the specimen decreases, and the damage factor within a single cycle gradually decreases. As the loading rate increases, the number of crack events in the model increases significantly, size becomes more uniform, and sequentially exhibits dense and sparse distribution patterns, percentage of shear cracks decreases significantly, number of mixed cracks increases significantly, brittle behaviour of the specimen becomes obvious, and a complete damage state is attained known as the ‘crushed’ state. This study provides a theoretical reference for damage assessments of viscoelastic–plastic materials subjected to perturbing loads.
Charlson and Elixhauser Comorbidity Indices for Prediction of Mortality and Hospital Readmission in Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: O’Hara Alexander , Pozin Jacob , Abourahma Mohammed , Gigstad Ryan , Torres Danny , Knapp Benji , Kantarcioglu Bulent , Fareed Jawed , Darki Amir
Published: May 2024

Several risk stratification systems aid clinicians in classifying pulmonary embolism (PE) severity and prognosis. We compared 2 clinical PE scoring systems, the PESI and sPESI scores, with 2 comorbidity indices, the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and the val Walraven Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI), to determine the utility of each in predicting mortality and hospital readmission. Information was collected from 436 patients presenting with PE via retrospective chart review. The PESI, sPESI, CCI, and ECI scores were calculated for each patient. Multivariate analysis was used to determine each system's ability to predict in-hospital mortality, 90-day mortality, overall mortality, and all-cause hospital readmission. The impact of various demographic and clinical characteristics of each patient on these outcomes was also assessed. The PESI score was found to be an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality and 90-day mortality. The PESI score and the CCI were able to independently predict overall mortality. None of the 4 risk scores independently predicted hospital readmission. Other factors including hypoalbuminemia, serum BNP, coagulopathy, anemia, and diabetes were associated with increased mortality and readmission at various endpoints. The PESI score was the best tool for predicting mortality at any endpoint. The CCI may have utility in predicting long-term outcomes. Further work is needed to better determine the roles of the CCI and ECI in predicting patient outcomes in PE. The potential prognostic implications of low serum albumin and anemia at the time of PE also warrant further investigation.
Being able to be myself: Understanding autonomy and autonomy-support from the perspectives of autistic adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Ryan Jackie , Brown Heather M , Borden Anne , Devlin Christina , Kedmy Adam , Lee Austin , Nicholas David B , Kingsley Bethan , Thompson-Hodgetts Sandy
Published: May 2024

Self-determination enhances a person’s quality of life and is a fundamental human right. According to self-determination theory, autonomy is one of three basic psychological needs that must be met to experience self-determination. The overarching aim of this exploratory study was to learn about autonomy from the perspective of autistic adults with intellectual disability, including what autonomy meant and how participants wanted to be supported to be autonomous. Participants ( n = 8; median age = 24) engaged in a variety of participatory methods (e.g. discussions, arts and crafts, games) during weekly sessions. These sessions took place over 7–16 weeks and were each informed by a guiding question related to autonomy. Artifacts, video or audio recordings from each session, and reflexive journals were thematically analyzed. The results support an overarching meaning of autonomy as being able to be themselves. Participants identified (1) choice and control, (2) communicating their way, and (3) safe environments as important and showed us how they wanted to be supported in each of these three areas. We also identified having autistic facilitators as an overarching strategy. These results provide a foundation for implementing change to enhance autonomy for autistic adults with intellectual disabilities.

Lay Abstract

Autistic young adults with intellectual disabilities want to be autonomous but are less autonomous than other people. However, they can be autonomous with appropriate support. We wanted to learn how we can support autistic adults with intellectual disabilities to be more autonomous. We designed our study with help from five autistic community partners to make sure the research was relevant to autistic people and would improve their lives. We talked with eight autistic young adults with intellectual disabilities about autonomy. We defined “talk” as verbal language, as well as non-verbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, vocalizations, and laughter. We did art projects and played games while we talked. We met in small groups over multiple sessions. Our participants told us that being autonomous meant being able to be themselves. They told us three main ways to support their autonomy: (1) having choice and control, (2) being able to communicate in their own way, and (3) being in a safe environment. Families, support staff, and caregivers can use this information to help autistic young adults with intellectual disabilities to be autonomous.
System justification drives Latino support for nativist policies
Authors: Pérez Efrén , Alhambra Ramona , Nguy Joyce H. , Bielskis Olivia , Chabane Leila , Gudino Andrea , Katz Cameron , Liu Jamiel , Mojica Emily , Zhou Mark
Published: May 2024

Since Donald Trump’s presidency (2016–2020), political observers have rushed to explain why some Latinos support nativist policies that harm members of their own ethnic group. One hypothesis predicts that Latinos who value their American identity endorse policies that denigrate non-Americans, such as unauthorized immigrants. We propose system justification as an additional motive. Study 1 draws on a representative Latino oversample ( N = 3,950) in the 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey (CMPS). We show that higher system justification levels are substantively associated with support for harsher policies toward unauthorized immigrants, independently of American identity, partisanship, and other key covariates. Study 2 refines these results through a preregistered experiment with Latino adults ( N = 1,230). We evaluated system justification and American identity as mediators of support for anti-Latino policies in the domains of unauthorized immigration and affirmative action. Assignment to read about the vibrancy of the American dream (versus control) increased system justification motives, which then strongly boosted support for nativist policies. American identity played no meaningful role. Moreover, the mediated results for nativist policies were large and robust, but small and brittle for affirmative action. We discuss our results’ implications for the political psychology of Latinos—America’s largest ethnic group.
Examining the impact of digital information environments, information processing, and presumed influence on behavioral responses to COVID-19 misinformation in Asia
Authors: Wei Ran , Lo Ven-Hwei , Zhang Xiao , Lu Miao , Qiu Jack Linchuan
Published: May 2024

This study examines exposure to, perception of, and behavioral responses to misinformation about COVID-19 on social media from the influence of presumed influence (IPI) framework. To understand how the digital information environment of a society shapes the spread and responses to pandemic misinformation, four culturally similar Asian cities—Beijing, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taipei—were selected, generating a sample of 4094 respondents. Our findings suggest a paradox—the more information respondents in the four cities have access to, the less likely they are to view misinformation on COVID-19 and accept it as true without elaboration. Moreover, the study extends IPI theory by demonstrating negative emotions as a mechanism that mediates the relationship between perceived social impact and behavioral intentions. That is, the more respondents perceived misinformation to be harmful, the more negatively they felt about misinformation, which led to greater likelihood of taking restrictive, promotional, and corrective actions.
Beyond subcultures: A literature review of gaming communities and sociological analysis
Authors: Pitroso Giulio
Published: May 2024

This article is a critical review of studies on gaming communities. In particular, it analyses the use of subcultural, post-subcultural and postmodern subcultural theorists in relation to video games players. Academic use of sociological concepts to study gaming communities, such as neo-tribe, subculture, lifestyle, and scene, is not always explained and almost all sociological instruments show limits in engaging the complex and changing phenomena of video gaming cultures. The article focuses on the misleading use of the term subculture and, therefore, analyses effective applications of post-subcultural and post-modern subcultural approaches to specific case studies. Eventually, the relation between gamers and video games cultures is analysed. In this sense, I argue that the complexity of gaming communities is difficult to be framed and I suggest the use of the Bourdieusian concept of champ.
Young children with intellectual disabilities and their mathematical attainments: Do parents’ attitudes toward mathematics, home numeracy, and literacy practices matter?
Authors: Charitaki Garyfalia , Alevriadou Anastasia
Published: May 2024

This study explored potential factors of numeracy acquisition in young children with intellectual disabilities (IDs). Those factors are determined to assess parents’ academic expectations and home practices that they use with their children daily. The sample consisted of 187 Greek-speaking couples, comprising a total number of 374 parents. All of them had a child with mild IDs aged between 4 and 7 years old. Since Greece is placed among European countries with the lowest median disposable income it is significant to assess the potential effects of each family’s socioeconomic status. We employed structural equation modeling to identify potential factors affecting a child’s with IDs numeracy outcomes. Analysis of moments structures (AMOS) revealed that there is a good fit for the suggested second-order structural equation model. Results are discussed regarding their practical implications.
‘This is silent murder’ – are we medicalising human distress caused by the reality of life as an asylum seeker in the UK?
Authors: Clark EG , Hanson S , Parretti HM , Steel N
Published: May 2024

The number of displaced people, including asylum seekers and refugees, in the UK continues to rise. This article highlights findings from two participatory community listening exercises on the topic of health of displaced people.
Trade-offs Between Accuracy and Health Outcomes in Algorithms for Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Devices
Authors: Henderson Austin , Fyfe-Johnson Amber L. , Dillard Denise , Schaefer Krista , Todd Michael , Muller Clemma J. , Umans Jason G. , Rosenman Robert
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is crucial for managing hypertension, but there is a potential trade-off between measurement accuracy and health/economic outcomes due to asymmetric costs associated with misclassifying an individual as having hypertension or not. We assessed whether adjustments to device readings that increased overall accuracy produced net health and economic benefits.

Methods

We analyzed data from N  =  89 Alaska Native individuals who used 2 HBPM devices and a standard aneroid sphygmomanometer. We modeled changes in expected costs associated with individuals being misclassified as hypertensive or not under 3 different models of adjusting HBPM device readings.

Results

The gains in accuracy produced by adjusting HBPM readings decreased the overall rate of hypertension misclassification but increased the rate of false-negative readings. Adjusting readings led to a net increase in expected health and economic costs.

Discussion

Ignoring asymmetric costs of misclassification can escalate overall costs and worsen uncontrolled hypertension. Home blood pressure monitoring algorithms must be cautiously designed, considering both false negatives and positives. Greater transparency in HBPM algorithms is needed for effective coordination among manufacturers, clinicians, and patients.
Savelievaite, Mg2CrO2(BO3), the first natural borate with species-defining Cr3+ and the ludwigite–savelievaite isomorphous series
Authors: Pekov Igor V. , Vakhrusheva Nadezhda V. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Yapaskurt Vasiliy O. , Shelukhina Yulia S. , Erokhin Yuriy V. , Bulakh Maria O. , Britvin Sergey N. , Kasatkin Anatoly V. , Turchkova Anna G. , Pushcharovsky Dmitry Yu.
Published: May 2024

The new ludwigite-group mineral savelievaite, ideally Mg2Cr3+O2(BO3), was found in the chromitite body at the Malaya Kharamatalou river valley, Voikar–Syninskiy ultrabasic complex, Polar Urals, Russia. Savelievaite and Cr-enriched ludwigite occur in clinochlore veinlets and are associated with earlier magnesiochromite, spinel, chromite, pargasite, diopside, forsterite, serpentine, magnetite and pentlandite. Savelievaite forms prismatic, acicular or fibrous crystals up to 0.05 × 0.4 mm, usually assembled in radiating or chaotic clusters up to 1 × 1.5 mm across. It is opaque, black to greenish-black. The lustre is vitreous for prismatic crystals and silky for fibrous aggregates. D(calc.) = 3.91 g cm–3. Under the microscope in reflected light, savelievaite is grey, non-pleochroic, with weak bireflectance and anisotropism. The chemical composition (wt.%, EMPA, Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio by stoichiometry) is: MgO 34.88, FeO 10.83, NiO 0.36, B2O3 16.80, Al2O3 2.97, V2O3 0.21, Cr2O3 21.97, Fe2O3 12.40, TiO2 0.43, total 100.85. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 5 O apfu is (Mg1.72Fe2+0.30Ni0.01)Σ2.03(Cr3+0.57Fe3+0.31Al0.12Ti0.01V3+0.01)Σ1.02B0.96O5. Savelievaite is orthorhombic, space group Pbam, a = 9.2631(6), b = 12.2298(8), c = 3.0104(2) Å, V = 341.04(4) Å3 and Z = 4. The strongest reflections of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d,Å(I)(hkl)] are: 5.101(100)(120); 2.551(90)(240); 2.524(88)(201); 2.163(36)(250); and 2.033(55)(321). The crystal structure was solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined to R1 = 0.0405. Savelievaite is isostructural with ludwigite, Cr3+ is concentrated at the M4 site. The mineral is named in honour of the Russian petrologist and geologist Dr. Galina Nikolaevna Savelieva (b. 1936). Ludwigite, ideally Mg2Fe3+O2(BO3), and savelievaite form a continuous isomorphous series in which Cr3+ content varies from 0 to 0.60 apfu. Occurrences of Cr-enriched (>1 wt.% Cr2O3) varieties of ludwigite are mainly related to ultrabasic complexes. The Cr-richest (>10 wt.% Cr2O3) ludwigite–savelievaite-series members are found in chromite ores at the Voikar–Syninskiy complex and Volchiegorskoe and Tatishchevskoe deposits, both in the South Urals.
IGF2BP3 promotes glutamine metabolism of endometriosis by interacting with UCA1 to enhances the mRNA stability of GLS1
Authors: Wang Honglin , Cao Yingying , Gou Yanling , Wang Hao , Liang Zongwen , Wu Qiong , Tan Jiahuan , Liu Jinming , Li Zhi , Cui Jing , Zhang Huiyan , Zhang Zongfeng
Published: May 2024

Background

Insulin like growth factor II mRNA binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) has been implicated in numerous inflammatory and cancerous conditions. However, its precise molecular mechanisms in endometriosis (EMs) remains unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of IGF2BP3 on the occurrence and progression of EMs and to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods

Efects of IGF2BP3 on endometriosis were confrmed in vitro and in vivo. Based on bioinformatics analysis, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down assays and Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to show the association between IGF2BP3 and UCA1. Single-cell spatial transcriptomics analysis shows the expression distribution of glutaminase 1 (GLS1) mRNA in EMs. Study the effect on glutamine metabolism after ectopic endometriotic stromal cells (eESCs) were transfected with Sh-IGF2BP3 and Sh-UCA1 lentivirus.

Results

Immunohistochemical staining have revealed that IGF2BP3 was upregulated in ectopic endometriotic lesions (EC) compared to normal endometrial tissues (EN). The proliferation and migration ability of eESCs were greatly reduced by downregulating IGF2BP3. Additionally, IGF2BP3 has been observed to interact with urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1), leading to increased stability of GLS1 mRNA and subsequently enhancing glutamine metabolism. Results also demonstrated that IGF2BP3 directly interacts with the 3’ UTR region of GLS1 mRNA, influencing its expression and stability. Furthermore, UCA1 was able to bind with c-MYC protein, stabilizing c-MYC mRNA and consequently enhancing GLS1 expression through transcriptional promotion.

Conclusion

These discoveries underscored the critical involvement of IGF2BP3 in the elevation and stability of GLS1 mRNA in the context of glutamine metabolism by interacting with UCA1 in EMs. The implications of our study extended to the identification of possible therapeutic targets for individuals with EMs.
Biological relevance of alternative splicing in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Szelest Monika , Giannopoulos Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

Alternative splicing (AS) is a strictly regulated process that generates multiple mRNA variants from a single gene, thus contributing to proteome diversity. Transcriptome-wide sequencing studies revealed networks of functionally coordinated splicing events, which produce isoforms with distinct or even opposing functions. To date, several mechanisms of AS are deregulated in leukemic cells, mainly due to mutations in splicing and/or epigenetic regulators and altered expression of splicing factors (SFs). In this review, we discuss aberrant splicing events induced by mutations affecting SFs (SF3B1, U2AF1, SRSR2, and ZRSR2), spliceosome components (PRPF8, LUC7L2, DDX41, and HNRNPH1), and epigenetic modulators (IDH1 and IDH2). Finally, we provide an extensive overview of the biological relevance of aberrant isoforms of genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis (e. g. BCL-X, MCL-1, FAS, and c-FLIP), activation of key cellular signaling pathways (CASP8, MAP3K7, and NOTCH2), and cell metabolism (PKM).