bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos radiológicos em tomografia computadorizada para o diagnóstico da tuberculose pulmonar
Authors: Viana de Alcântara Ribeiro Irani , Crapino Silvio , Eidi Goto Rafael , Nobeschi Leandro
Published: August 2023

A tuberculose é uma doença infectocontagiosa intracelular causada pelo bacilo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), descoberto no início do século XIX por Robert Koch sendo assim conhecido também por bacilo de Koch. São micobactérias que infectam e se proliferam no interior dos macrófagos. Os sinais e sintomas da doença variam de acordo, á forma da doença, estado imunológico do paciente e o local da infecção. Para a identificação da tuberculose utiliza-se de vários métodos diagnósticos, dentre eles, métodos radiológicos como a tomografia computadorizada (TC), que pode ser utilizada na conduta inicial no diagnóstico da doença, confere informações importantes quanto à forma de apresentação e extensão da doença e evolução do tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi enfatizar os achados radiológicos da tuberculose presente na TC e destacando-o de outras técnicas diagnósticas a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica. Concluiu-se que a TC contribui para um diagnóstico precoce e detalhamento da evolução da doença com os achados tomográficos, devendo levar em consideração seu uso associado a outras técnicas diagnosticas e o custo benéfico em expor o paciente á radiação.
Metaphysical Doctrines of Khwaja Ghulam Saiyidain: Religion, Man and Society
Authors: Asma Ara
Published: August 2023

Khwaja Ghulam Saiyidain, being a practical educationist, always believed not in theorising but in putting into action the practical fieldsof all the idealistic principles which he advocated throughout his life. He formulated diversified views on all aspects of life, God, religion, society, and the dignity of humans as well as worked for the betterment of society. Khwaja Ghulam Saiyidain was bought up in a religious family. He learned about Islam from his forefathers. He belonged to a group of devoted Muslims who were aware of the truth about Islam and wished to promote the message of its global humanity. He had faith in both the dignity of salvation and life beyond death. Saiyidain believed in the oneness of God, the creator of the whole universe.His goal was to create a society without discrimination between the rich and the poor. He also vowed to implement novel ideas and concepts so that society can foster creative thinking and put emphasis on fostering a creative atmosphere through education. He constantly placed a strong emphasis on public education in order to advance society since he wanted to abolish illiteracy
Sustainable Parking Facility with Green Building Standards
Authors: Solloso, Marlon C.
Published: August 2023

This research focuses on designing a three-storey parking facility that adheres to the standards outlined in the Green Building Code. The aim of this project is to address the escalating issue of inadequate parking space within the City Hall Compound. Positioned behind the City Health Building, the parking facility is strategically located within the confines of the City Hall Compound. Numerous considerations come into play when devising the research design. These factors encompass the assessment of the construction site's condition, as well as elements such as the project's scope of work and cost analysis. These components collectively formulate a budgetary framework and construction timeline. In the process of developing this project, data pertaining to the land area and the volume of vehicles were amassed. These statistics played a pivotal role in the strategic planning and architectural design of the parking facility. The project's viability and accomplishment were subsequently evaluated. Upon analyzing the outcomes, the researchers determined that the parking facility effectively aligns with the principles of the Green Building Code, highlighting its commitment to sustainable materials and indoor environmental quality. Furthermore, owing to its capacity, the three-storey parking facility aptly addresses the parking space scarcity issue at the City Hall Compound.
Design of Mini-Dam for Water Distribution Network
Authors: Solloso, Marlon C.
Published: August 2023

The objective of this research endeavor is to offer assistance to Brgy. Banbanon, San Francisco, Surigao del Norte, through the proposal of a Level II water distribution mini-dam. This proposed infrastructure aims to address the community's water storage needs and ensure a sustainable supply for an extended duration. The design process encompasses various methods, including conducting surveys to gather data from the water source, utilizing computer software for topographic mapping of the region, and adhering to engineering and hydraulic principles when meeting design criteria. The assessment of water quality yielded results that indicated unsuitability for domestic use. However, despite this challenge, the design itself fulfilled the requisite criteria. It is crucial to recognize that for the expansion of the project into a Level III water distribution system, the local area of Brgy. Banbanon should implement a water treatment process to ensure safe and potable water quality for residents.
Sustainable Practices in Hotel Management: A Comparative Study of Green Initiatives
Authors: Claudine Sykimte
Published: August 2023

This study addresses the challenge of sustainable practices in hotel management by conducting a comparative analysis of a range of hotels. The findings reveal trends in energy efficiency, waste management, water conservation, and guest engagement. By exploring factors that influence adoption and addressing challenges, this study contributes to the advancement of sustainable strategies within the dynamic hospitality industry.
Interventions to Support Participation in Play for Autistic Children and Youth (Dates of Review: 2013–2021)
Authors: Little Lauren M. , Cohen Samantha R. , Tomchek Scott , Baker Alissa , Wallisch Anna , Dean Evan
Published: August 2023

Systematic Review Briefs provide a summary of the findings from systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Program. Each systematic review brief summarizes the evidence on a theme related to a systematic review topic. This systematic review brief presents findings to support participation in play for autistic1 children and adolescents (birth to 18 yr).
Implementation of Merdeka Curriculum Development for Islamic Religious Education: A Case Study in a Junior High School
Authors: Wijayanti Nur Hanifah , Hamami Tasman
Published: August 2023

This research discusses the implementation of the Islamic Religious Education curriculum reform that is currently being carried out, taking into account the "Merdeka Belajar" curriculum policy proposed by the Minister of Education and Culture, Nadiem Makarim. The Merdeka Belajar curriculum policy is an innovative idea that aims to improve the education system in the country. This idea is based on efforts to achieve cognitive independence for students, including in the context of Islamic Religious Education. In this context, curriculum reform is implemented to update Islamic Religious Education's approach and teaching materials to make it more relevant and useful for students in developing their understanding and religious values. This research was conducted in SMP Negeri 3 Kaliwungu. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, using a field research approach. The research method was collecting data through interviews, observation, and documentation. The resource person of this research is an Islamic Religious Education teacher of SMP N 3 Kaliwungu. The results of this study are; (1) Islamic Education teachers provide Islamic Education subject matter and ethics by Learning Achievement. (2) Students can seek references from the material through existing media or which can be utilized as learning resources. (3) Islamic Education teachers use new methods to learn Islamic education, one of which is the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) method or strategy.
O papel do pedagogo como formador de professores
Authors: Dysarz Cíntia , Reis Loureni , Barni Edi Marise , Silva Diego da
Published: August 2023

O capítulo teve como objetivo analisar quais são as estratégias utilizadas por pedagogos para diagnosticar as necessidades de aprendizagem por parte dos professores da escola onde atuam, bem como analisar de que maneira é utilizado esse diagnóstico, a fim de desenvolver ações de formação continuada do corpo docente de escolas públicas e privadas, das séries iniciais do ensino fundamental da região metropolitana de Curitiba. Os resultados apontam a necessidade e o desejo dos professores em ter mais ajuda e atuação mais ativa dos pedagogos no que se relaciona a receber ajuda e formação para sanar as suas dificuldades profissionais.
Prática pedagógica: arteterapia para o bem-estar dos idosos
Authors: Silva Claudiani Cerino , Anjos Letícia de Fátima dos , Bassani Luiz Celso Vieira , Vendrame Maíssa Maria Machado , Rodrigues Karina Gomes , Veiga Andrea Mayer
Published: August 2023

O estudo discutiu a importância de se trabalhar questões da formação e da condição humana no curso de pedagogia, procurando constituir uma formação cidadã, competente e com consciência social. A pesquisa contribuiu para validar os objetivos pedagógicos da disciplina por meio da reflexão acerca da concepção de educação voltada à formação cidadã mais humanizada por meio de estratégia de aprendizagem vivencial atrelada à solidariedade.
Relatório de práticas em psicologia comunitária: uma proposta de intervenção sobre o comportamento moral e ético em um colégio estadual
Authors: Oliveira Gabriele Souza de , Ferreira Ziloá Moura Pacheco , Barni Edi Marise , Silva Diego da
Published: August 2023

Partindo do pressuposto de trazer um estudo sobre a psicologia comunitária, realizou-se uma observação, seguida de uma intervenção prática baseada nas necessidades observadas no local. Assim, para definir as considerações finais deste estudo lincou-se a função do psicólogo e sua atuação na comunidade. O estudo demostrou a importância do psicólogo comunitário em todas as esferas observadas e também que o psicólogo comunitário para ter êxito em sua atuação, precisa envolver os alunos, professores e principalmente a comunidade.
In Vitro Koşullarda Farklı Poliamin Uygulamalarının Çilekte Tuzluluk Stresi Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: YAVUZLAR Eda Elif , ÜNAL Nafiye
Published: August 2023

Küresel ısınma ile birlikte yaşanan iklim değişiklikleri en yoğun olarak tarımsal üretime zarar vererek verim ve kaliteyi doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu amaçla yürütülen araştırmada, Festival çilek çeşidinde, in vitro kültür koşullarında farklı poliamin tipi ve konsantrasyonlarının, farklı tuzluluk düzeyleri üzerinde eksplantların bazı morfo-fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özellikler üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada in vitro şartlarda çoğaltılan eksplantlar, üç farklı tuzluluk düzeyinde (1. Kontrol; 2. %0.4 NaCl: Orta düzey tuzluluk; 3. %0.8 NaCl: Yüksek düzey tuzluluk) ve beş farklı poliamin uygulamasında (1. Kontrol; 2. 0.5 mg L-1 spermin; 3. 1.0 mg L-1 spermin; 4. 0.5 mg L-1 putresin; 5. 1.0 mg L-1 putresin) kültür edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, tuzluluk konsantrasyonunun artışına bağlı olarak, eksplant başına düşen sürgün sayısı, sürgün boyu, sürgün çoğalma oranı ve solgunluk skalası değerleri düşüş göstermiştir. Ayrıca denenen tüm poliamin uygulamaları, kontrole göre eksplant başına düşen sürgün sayısı, sürgün boyu ve solgunluk skalası değerlerini artırırken, sürgün çoğalma oranını istatistiksel olarak etkilememiştir. Araştırma bulgularımız gerek orta ve gerekse yüksek tuzluluk konsantrasyonlarında poliamin kullanımının, tuz zararlarının etkisini morfo-fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal olarak baskıladığını göstermiştir. Özellikle 1 mg L-1 spermin kullanımı, tüm stres koşullarında eksplantların pozitif yönde gelişmelerine katkıda bulunmuştur.
POTENSI EKSTRAK BUNGA TELANG (Clitorea ternatea L.) TERHADAP ANTIDIABETES PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus)
Authors: Pangondian Aswan , Rambe Robiatun , Umaya Chindy , Athaillah Athaillah , Jambak Kadriyani
Published: August 2023

Bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea), sering disebut juga sebagai butterfly pea merupakan bunga yang khas dengan kelopak tunggal berwarna ungu. Potensi farmakologi bunga telang antara lain adalah sebagai antioksidan, antibakteri, anti inflamasi dan analgesik, antiparasit dan antisida, antidiabetes, antikanker, antihistamin, dan potensi berperan dalam susunan syaraf pusat, Central Nervous System (CNS). Pada zaman dahulu kala, bunga ini dipakai sebagai tetes mata, baik pada bayi ataupun orang dewasa. Uji kadar gula darah pada mencit menggunakan Glucometer. Metode ini digunakan untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah pada mencit.25 ekor mencit dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor mencit. Kelompok pertama Metformin 65%, kelompok kedua Na-CMC 0,5%, kelompok ketiga ekstrak bunga telang 250%, kelompokkeempat 500%, kelompok kelima 1000%, masing-masing kelompok diberi perlakuan per oral selama 28 hari. Kemudiandiharike 0 diberikan suspense glukosa 50% secara oral, setelah itu pada hari ke 0 dilakukan pengambilan darah, dilanjutkan pada hari ke 7, 14, 21, dan hari ke 28. Kemudian kadar gula darah diukur menggunakan Glukometer, kemudian mencit diberi perlakuan sesuai kelompok yang sudah dibuat. Dihitung penurunan kadar gula darah.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak bunga telang dosis 250 mg, 500 mg dan 1000 mg dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah pada mencit dibandingkan terhadap kontrol negatif (p < 0,05). Kelompok pemberian CMC Na 0,5% memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dengan kelompok pemberian metformin (p<0,05) dan juga terdapat perbedaan dengan kelompok pemberian sediaan dosis 33 mg/KgBB, 65 mg/KgBB dan 130 mg/KgBB (p<0,05). Berdasarkan pemaparan di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ekstrak bunga telang mempunyai potensi penurunan kadar gula darah pada mencit jantan, Ekstrak bunga telang 250 mg, 500 mg dan 1000 mg dapat meningkatkan potensi penurunan dibandingkan dengan kontrol CMC Na 0,5%. Ekstrak bunga telang mempunyai efek menghambat aktivitas enzim glukoneogenik, glukosa-6- fosfatase, dan sebaliknya meningkatkan aktivitas enzim glukokinase.
Exploring Eastern Africa's Landscape: A Scoping Study on an Independent Civil Society-UN Counter-Terrorism Engagement Mechanism
Authors: Muraya Karanja
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a scoping study conducted to examine the landscape of Eastern Africa in relation to an independent Civil Society-UN Counter-Terrorism Engagement Mechanism. The study aimed at gaining insights into the region's dynamics, challenges, and opportunities concerning counter-terrorism efforts involving civil society organizations (CSOs) in the region and the United Nations (UN). By adopting a comprehensive desktop review approach, the study analyzed existing literature, reports, documents, and other relevant materials. The findings highlight the significance of collaboration between CSOs and the UN in addressing the complex issues of terrorism and violent extremism in the region. The study also sheds light on the potential roles, strategies, and areas of engagement for an independent mechanism, emphasizing the importance of inclusivity, cooperation, and effective coordination. Based on the findings, this study recommends that it is important to foster partnerships, enhance information sharing, facilitate capacity building, promote dialogue and reconciliation, and ensure sustainable funding and support for CSOs-UN collaboration in CT/PCVE efforts.
RELATO DE PESQUISA: DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM APLICATIVO PARA DIVULGAÇÃO DE EDITAIS DE INOVAÇÃO, INOVCTE- PARTE DESCRITIVA
Authors: Santos Fabiana Arcanja dos
Published: August 2023

Esse relato de pesquisa se refere ao desenvolvimento de uma  proposta  pertinente no processo de acesso às informações nas áreas de inovação, ciência, tecnologia e empreendedorismo no que tange aos sobre os editais vigentes disponíveis nas principais agências de fomento governamentais, como o CNPq, FINEP e CAPES, assim como empresas de capital aberto, como Petrobras e Eletrobras, agências de fomento baianas, como FAPESB, Coelba e Chesf, e a empresa privada Sebrae. ampliando o fluxo de informações nesse contexto.  objetivando nessa oportunidade apresentar as telas e parte dos conteúdos do aplicativo (INOVCTE), ferramenta desenvolvida para proporcionar a comunidade acadêmica desde estudantes, professores e demais interessados, a possibilidade de busca facilitada de editais de forma centralizada em um banco de dados, bem como demonstrar o resultado positivo da pesquisa de intenção de utilização, via formulário Survey Monkey na perspectiva de sinalizar o elevado interesse dos participantes da pesquisa na promoção desse aplicativo representando uma amostra relevante para impulsionar novas práticas nesse âmbito.
Problema. Insuficiência de plataformas que promova acesso a disseminação seletiva de informação reunida, para editais da inovação, ciência, tecnologia e empreendedorismo, gratuito. Objetivo. Possibilitar amplo acesso a promoção de editais de inovação, ciência, tecnologia e empreendedorismo visando estabelecer conexão entre interessados e instituições promotoras desses editais de financiamento e parcerias em único ambiente e demonstrar o resultado positivo da pesquisa de intenção de utilização do App, via formulário survey monkey, bem como apresentar as telas e parte dos conteúdos do aplicativo. Método. pesquisa quali quantitativa, utilizando prospecção na web, em bases governamentais e público privadas para identificar a ocorrência e disponibilidade de suas APIS (código que permite a transmissão de dados) para proceder agrupamento automático ou por inteligência artificial, desenvolvimento de aplicativo e formulário de pesquisa de intenção de uso. Resultados. Foram encontrados no período somente serviços pagos para divulgação seletiva de informação em financiamento e parcerias; as instituições não puderam contribuir com suas APIS. O delineamento da pesquisa se configurou nesse sentido, desenvolver um aplicativo para sanar prioritariamente o déficit de promoção de editais de algumas instituições público privadas. Nesse sentido foi desenvolvido um App com certificação INPI, publicado na Play store para Android e publicado artigo sobre a pesquisa. Conclusão. Tendo desenvolvido o aplicativo INOVCTE na plataforma kodular, foi procedido de forma manual a captação dos informes de editais de inovação ciência, tecnologia e empreendedorismo, bem como inserido no sistema web, sites de notícias referente a inovações diversas implementadas diariamente. Oxalá haja mais disponibilidade das instituições em contribuir com disponibilização de seus dados públicos para pesquisas.
Uprizarjanje literature in bralne uprizoritve
Authors: Orel Barbara
Published: August 2023

Leta 2005 je skupina dramatikov in dramaturgov na pobudo dramatičarke Simone Semenič in v tesnem sodelovanju s teoretikom uprizoritvenih umetnosti Rokom Vevarjem v okviru Gledališča Glej osnovala PreGlej. Skupina se je ukvarjala s problematiko dramskega pisanja in v nekaj letih vzpostavila platformo za ustvarjanje, razvoj in mednarodno izmenjavo dramskih pisav. Njihovo delo je bilo zavezano vzpostavitvi samih pogojev za ustvarjanje dramskih besedil. S tem namenom so uporabili formo bralne uprizoritve – ne le kot javno predstavitev drame, temveč kot metodo za razvijanje drame, ki prinaša dramo kot delo v nastajanju. Članek pokaže, da ima tovrstna praksa dramskega pisanja na slovenskih odrih svoje predhodnike v eksperimentalnih gledaliških praksah šestdesetih in sedemdesetih let 20. stoletja (v izvedbi neoavantgardnih skupin pesnikov 441/442/443, Nomenklatura in LKB – Literarni klub Branik ter v nastopih pisateljev, ki so predstavljali svoja literarna dela v Pekarni). Pesniki in pisatelji so uprizarjali svoja dela, ki prvenstveno niso bila namenjena uprizarjanju, pri tem pa ustvarili teatralne oblike pisanja za oder, s katerimi so izstopali tako iz konvencij dramskega ustvarjanja kakor tudi iz tradicije gledališča. Uprizarjanje literature in bralne uprizoritve so obravnavane v kontekstu uprizoritvenega pisanja, ki označuje raznovrstna razmerja med pisavo in uprizoritvijo, pri tem pa se osredotoča na proces pisanja kot uprizoritvenega dejanja.
Performing Literature and Staged Readings
Authors: Orel Barbara
Published: August 2023

In 2005, on the initiative of playwright Simona Semenič and in close collaboration with performing arts theorist Rok Vevar, a group of playwrights and dramaturgs founded PreGlej within the Glej Theatre in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The group confronted the issues of playwriting and, within a few years, established a platform for the creation, development and international exchange of dramatic writing. Their work was committed to establishing the conditions necessary for creating dramatic texts. To this end, they used the form of staged readings – not only as a public presentation of dramatic plays but as a method for developing drama, bringing drama as a work in progress. The article shows that this kind of playwriting practice on Slovenian stages has its precursors in the experimental theatre practices of the 1960s and 1970s (as applied by the neo-avant-garde groups of poets 441/442/443, Nomenklatura and LKB – Literarni klub Branik, as well as in the performances of writers presenting their literary works at the Pekarna Theatre). Poets and writers staged their works, which were not primarily intended to be performed, creating theatrical forms of writing for the stage, which fit neither the conventions of drama nor the tradition of theatre. The staging of literature and staged readings are discussed in the context of performance writing, which characterises the multiple relationships between writing and performance, focusing on the process of writing as a performative act.
Uprizoritvena pisava: na strani,
okoli nje in zunaj nje
Authors: Jakovljević Branislav
Published: August 2023

Pojav novih oblik uprizoritvenih pisav v šestdesetih in sedemdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja sicer ni odpravil tradicionalnih dramskih oblik, je pa korenito spremenil vlogo besedilnosti v gledališču. V članku zagovarjamo tezo, da je uprizoritvena pisava, osvobojena pravil dramske pisave in celo sintakse ter gramatike, v besedilno produkcijo vnesla ilokacijsko logiko. Članek zaključimo s preliminarnim razmislekom o razlikah med eksperimentalnimi strategijami pisave in najnovejšimi oblikami umetne inteligence za generiranje besedil.
Nemi liki: dramatičarke, ženska pisava in
reprezentacija žensk(osti) v slovenskem
dramskem eksperimentu (1966–1986)
Authors: Leskovšek Nika
Published: August 2023

Izhodišče razprave je idejna in tematsko-motivna (torej znotrajliterarna) analiza besedil
iz zbornika Generator:: za proizvodnjo poljubnega števila dramskih kompleksov: slovenski eksperimentalni dramski in uprizoritveni teksti iz obdobja modernizma (1966–1986). Namen prispevka je osvetliti izbrana besedila skozi perspektivo, ki mi je med njihovim prebiranjem v Generatorju umanjkala; gre za žensko perspektivo, pravzaprav za njeno odsotnost. Prispevek se ukvarja s posledicami, ki jih lahko ima odsotnost ozaveščenosti glede manka ženske perspektive v slovenski dramatiki na reprezentacijo žensk in ženskosti, zlasti če gre za zabrisan učinek patriarhalne ideologije, ki se prikazuje kot univerzalna in merodajna izkušnja, čeprav so izkušnje drugih spolov iz nje izključene. Namen prispevka je raziskati reprezentacije žensk(osti) v slovenski dramatiki in ozavestiti morebitno učinkovanje patriarhalne ideologije ter njene posledice z idejno, tematsko in motivno analizo samih dramskih besedil. Pri tem se posebej posvetim razliki med moško in (maloštevilno) žensko dramsko pisavo. Besedila iz Generatorja vzamem zgolj kot študijo primera, da bi prikazala obstoj določenih simptomov v slovenski (eksperimentalni) dramatiki v danem časovnem obdobju (1966–1986). Razlike v reprezentaciji žensk(osti) na kratko osvetlim, razvojno gledano, tudi širše, s časovne distance, in sicer prek primerjalne analize s sodobno žensko
dramsko pisavo, predvsem z dramoletom Nemi lik Simone Hamer (2010).
Deconstructions of the Opposition Between
Representation and Presentation from the
Neo-avant-garde to the Post-millennium:
From Pupilija, Jesih and Jovanović to
Zupančič, Živadinov, Frljić, Semenič and Divjak
Authors: Toporišič Tomaž
Published: August 2023

The essay focuses on selected examples of the deconstruction of the opposition between
representation and presentation, characteristic of post-mimetic art from the neo-avantgarde to the post-millennium. It discusses the authors who have been deconstructing
the concept of drama and inventing new forms of redramatisation and post-dramatic
intermediality from the 1960s to the present day. Despite persistently creating disruptions in the fictional textual cosmos, particular authors – such as Peter Handke in Offending the Audience, the group Pupilija Ferkeverk in Pupilija, Papa Pupilo and the Pupilceks, Dušan Jovanović in Monument G and Play a Tumour in the Head and Air Pollution, Milan Jesih in Limits and The Bitter Fruits of Justice, Matjaž Zupančič in The Corridor and other plays, Dragan Živadinov and his team in Supremat and other farewell rituals, Oliver Frljić in Damned be the Traitor of His Homeland, Simona Semenić in 1981, and Žiga Divjak and Katarina Morano in various projects – establish a strong process of redramatisation in their theatrical texts and performances. It is as if, alongside the deconstruction of drama, they inject dramatic and theatrical elements into the post-dramatic process of staging and writing. Thus, post-mimetic art coexists with pre-mimetic art, as this “stripping down” of the representativity of drama led to the establishment of fiction.
Influence of natural and anthropogenic aerosols on cloud base droplet size distributions in clouds over the South China Sea and West Pacific
Authors: Miller Rose Marie , Rauber Robert M. , Di Girolamo Larry , Rilloraza Matthew , Fu Dongwei , McFarquhar Greg M. , Nesbitt Stephen W. , Ziemba Luke D. , Woods Sarah , Thornhill Kenneth Lee
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Cumulus clouds are common over maritime regions. They are important regulators of the global radiative energy budget and global hydrologic cycle, as well as a key contributor to the uncertainty in anthropogenic climate change projections due to uncertainty in aerosol–cloud interactions. These interactions are regionally specific owing to their strong influences on aerosol sources and meteorology. Here, our analysis focuses on the statistical properties of marine boundary layer (MBL) aerosol chemistry and the relationships of MBL aerosol to cumulus cloud properties just above cloud base as sampled in 2019 during the NASA Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex). The aerosol and clouds were sampled by instruments on the NASA P-3 aircraft over three distinct maritime regions around the Philippines: the West Pacific, the South China Sea, and the Sulu Sea. Our analysis shows three primary sources influenced the aerosol chemical composition: clean marine (ocean source), industrial (Southeast Asia, Manila, and cargo and tanker ship emissions), and biomass burning (Borneo and Indonesia). The clean marine aerosol chemical composition had low values of all sampled chemical signatures, specifically median values of 2.2 µg m−3 of organics (ORG), 2.3 µg m−3 of SO4, 0.3 µg m−3 of NO3, 1.4 µg m−3 of NH4, 0.04 µg m−3 of Cl, and 0.0074 µg m−3 of refractory black carbon (BC). Chemical signatures of the other two aerosol source regions were industrial, with elevated SO4 having a median value of 6.1 µg m−3, and biomass burning, with elevated median concentrations of ORG 21.2 µg m−3 and BC 0.1351 µg m−3. Based on chemical signatures, the industrial component was primarily from ship emissions, which were sampled within 60 km of ships and within projected ship plumes. Normalized cloud droplet size distributions in clouds sampled near the MBL passes of the P-3 showed that clouds impacted by industrial and biomass burning contained higher concentrations of cloud droplets, by as much as 1.5 orders of magnitude for diameters < 13 µm compared to clean marine clouds, while at size ranges between 13.0–34.5 µm the median concentrations of cloud droplets in all aerosol categories were nearly an order of magnitude less than the clean marine category. In the droplet size bins centered at diameters > 34.5 µm concentrations were equal to, or slightly exceeded, the concentrations of the clean marine clouds. These analyses show that anthropogenic aerosols generated from industrial and biomass burning sources significantly influenced cloud base microphysical structure in the Philippine region enhancing the small droplet concentration and reducing the concentration of mid-sized droplets.
Anthropogenic amplification of biogenic secondary organic aerosol production
Authors: Zheng Yiqi , Horowitz Larry W. , Menzel Raymond , Paynter David J. , Naik Vaishali , Li Jingyi , Mao Jingqiu
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Biogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) contribute to a large fraction of fine aerosols globally, impacting air quality and climate. The formation
of biogenic SOA depends on not only emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) but also anthropogenic pollutants including primary
organic aerosol, sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). However, the anthropogenic impact on biogenic SOA
production (AIBS) remains unclear. Here we use the decadal trend and variability in observed organic aerosol (OA) in the southeast US, combined with a global
chemistry–climate model, to better constrain AIBS. We show that the reduction in SO2 emissions can only explain 40 % of the decreasing
decadal trend of OA in this region, constrained by the low summertime month-to-month variability in surface OA. We hypothesize that the rest of the OA
decreasing trend is largely due to a reduction in NOx emissions. By implementing a scheme for monoterpene SOA with enhanced
sensitivity to NOx, our model can reproduce the decadal trend and variability in OA in this region. Extending to a centennial scale,
our model shows that global SOA production increases by 36 % despite BVOC reductions from the preindustrial period to the present day, largely amplified
by AIBS. Our work suggests a strong coupling between anthropogenic and biogenic emissions in biogenic SOA production that is missing from current
climate models.
Drone-based meteorological observations up to the tropopause – a concept study
Authors: Bärfuss Konrad B. , Schmithüsen Holger , Lampert Astrid
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The main in situ database for numerical weather prediction currently relies on radiosonde and airliner observations, with large systematic data gaps: horizontally in certain countries, above the oceans and in polar regions, and vertically in the rapidly changing atmospheric boundary layer, as well as up to the tropopause in areas with low air traffic.
These gaps might be patched by measurements with drones. They provide a significant improvement towards environment-friendly additional data, avoiding waste and without the need for helium. So far, such systems have not been regarded as a feasible alternative for performing measurements up to the upper troposphere.
In this article, the development of a drone system that is capable of sounding the atmosphere up to an altitude of 10 km with its own propulsion is presented, for which Antarctic and mid-European ambient conditions were taken into account:
after an assessment of the environmental conditions at two exemplary radiosounding sites, the design of the system and the instrumentation are presented. Further, the process to get permissions for such flight tests even in the densely populated continent of Europe is discussed, and methods to compare drone and radiosonde data for quality assessment are presented.
The main result is the technical achievement of demonstrating the feasibility of reaching an altitude of 10 km with a small meteorologically equipped drone using its own propulsion. The first data are compared to radiosonde measurements, demonstrating an accuracy comparable to other aircraft-based observations, despite the simplistic sensor package deployed. A detailed error discussion is given.
The article closes with an outlook on the potential use of drones for filling data gaps in the troposphere.
Local processes with a global impact: unraveling the dynamics of gas evasion in a step-and-pool configuration
Authors: Peruzzo Paolo , Cappozzo Matteo , Durighetto Nicola , Botter Gianluca
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Headwater streams are important sources of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. The magnitude of gas emissions originating from such streams, however, is modulated by the characteristic microtopography of the riverbed, which might promote the spatial heterogeneity of turbulence and air entrainment. In particular, recent studies have revealed that step-and-pool configurations, usually found in close sequences along mountain streams, are important hotspots of gas evasion. Yet, the mechanisms that drive gas transfer at the water–air interface in a step-and-pool configuration are not fully understood. Here, we numerically simulated the hydrodynamics of an artificial step-and-pool configuration to evaluate the contribution of turbulence and air entrainment to the total gas evasion induced by the falling jet. The simulation was validated using observed hydraulic features (stage, velocity) and was then utilized to determine the patterns of energy dissipation, turbulence-induced gas exchange and bubble-mediated transport. The results show that gas evasion is led by bubble entrainment and is mostly concentrated in a small and irregular region of a few square decimeters near the cascade, where the local gas transfer velocity (k) peaks at 500 m d−1. The enhanced spatial heterogeneity of k in the pool does not allow one to define a priori the region of the domain where the outgassing takes place and makes the value of the spatial mean of k inevitably scale-dependent. Accordingly, we propose that the average mass transfer velocity should be used with caution to describe the outgassing in spatially heterogeneous flow fields, such as those encountered in step-and-pool rivers.
Sub-frontal niches of plankton communities driven by transport and trophic interactions at ocean fronts
Authors: Mangolte Inès , Lévy Marina , Haëck Clément , Ohman Mark D.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Observations and theory have suggested that ocean fronts are ecological hotspots, associated with higher diversity and biomass across many trophic levels. The hypothesis that these hotspots are driven by frontal nutrient injections is seemingly supported by the frequent observation of opportunistic diatoms at fronts, but the behavior of the rest of the plankton community is largely unknown.
Here we investigate the organization of planktonic communities across fronts by analyzing eight high-resolution transects in the California Current Ecosystem containing extensive data for 24 groups of bacteria, phytoplankton, and zooplankton.
We find that a distinct frontal plankton community characterized by enhanced biomass of not only diatoms and copepods but many other groups of plankton such as chaetognaths, rhizarians, and appendicularians emerges over most fronts. Importantly, we find spatial variability at a finer scale (typically 1–5 km) than the width of the front itself (typically 10–30 km) with peaks of different plankton taxa at different locations across the width of a front. Our results suggest that multiple processes, including horizontal stirring and biotic interactions, are responsible for creating this fine-scale patchiness.
Short-term response of benthic foraminifera to fine-sediment depositional events simulated in microcosm
Authors: Guilhermic Corentin , Nardelli Maria Pia , Mouret Aurélia , Le Moigne Damien , Howa Hélène
Published: August 2023

Abstract. A microcosm experiment was designed to describe how benthic foraminifera
react to fine-sediment deposits varying in frequency and intensity as they
may occur regularly or occasionally in coastal benthic environments, caused
by discharges from (e.g.) river flooding, tidewater glacier melting in polar
regions, or diverse anthropic activities linked to harbour or watershed
management. The influence of seabed burial resulting from these events on
the ecology of benthic ecosystems is often overlooked, and the resilience of
benthic communities is poorly known. During a 51 d long experiment, a
typical northeastern Atlantic intertidal foraminiferal community, mainly
represented by Ammonia confertitesta and Haynesina germanica species, was subjected to two kinds of sedimentary
disturbance: (1) a one-time high-volume (OHV) deposit, i.e. sediment about 3 cm thick was added at one time at the beginning of the experiment; and (2) frequent low-volume (FLV) deposits, i.e. sediment about 0.5 cm thick was added each week for 4 weeks. The geochemical environment (e.g. dissolved oxygen penetration in the
sediment, salinity, temperature, and nutrient content in the supernatant
water) was monitored to follow the microcosm steady state before and during
the experiment. In both disturbed microcosms, H. germanica showed a significant linear
decrease in abundance during the experiment, while the total abundance of
foraminifera was significantly affected only by the OHV treatment,
suggesting a stronger effect of a single thick deposit on standing stocks
and biodiversity compared to frequent low-volume sediment supplies. Concerning the
vertical migration of foraminifera after sedimentary disturbances, the two
dominant species moved upwards to the water–sediment interface with
migration speeds estimated to be 0.41 and 0.47 mm h−1 respectively for A. confertitesta and H. germanica. In
the FLV treatment, the resilient state was already reached within 1 d
following a low-thickness burial, while in the OHV, it was achieved between 1
and 7 d after the 3 cm thick deposit. These results suggest that
foraminifera can migrate rapidly after a sedimentary burial to recover their
preferential life position under the new sediment–water interface, but in the
case of an abrupt thick burial, several days are needed to reach a resilient
state.
Physical and stoichiometric controls on stream respiration in a headwater stream
Authors: Dorley Jancoba , Singley Joel , Covino Tim , Singha Kamini , Gooseff Michael , Van Horn David , González-Pinzón Ricardo
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Many studies in ecohydrology focusing on hydrologic
transport argue that longer residence times across a stream ecosystem should
consistently result in higher biological uptake of carbon, nutrients, and
oxygen. This consideration does not incorporate the potential for
biologically mediated reactions to be limited by stoichiometric imbalances.
Based on the relevance and co-dependences between hydrologic exchange,
stoichiometry, and biological uptake and acknowledging the limited amount
of field studies available to determine their net effects on the retention
and export of resources, we quantified how microbial respiration is
controlled by the interactions between and the supply of essential nutrients (C, N, and P)
in a headwater stream in Colorado, USA. For this, we conducted two rounds of
nutrient experiments, each consisting of four sets of continuous injections
of Cl− as a conservative tracer, resazurin as a proxy for aerobic
respiration, and one of the following nutrient treatments: (a) N, (b) N+C,
(c) N+P, or (d) C+N+P. Nutrient treatments were considered to be known
system modifications that alter metabolism, and statistical tests helped
identify the relationships between reach-scale hydrologic transport and
respiration metrics. We found that as discharge changed significantly
between rounds and across stoichiometric treatments, (a) transient storage
mainly occurred in pools lateral to the main channel and was proportional to
discharge, and (b) microbial respiration remained similar between rounds and
across stoichiometric treatments. Our results contradict the notion that
hydrologic transport alone is a dominant control on biogeochemical
processing and suggest that complex interactions between hydrology, resource
supply, and biological community function are responsible for driving
in-stream respiration.
Zonal variability of methane trends derived from satellite data
Authors: Hachmeister Jonas , Schneising Oliver , Buchwitz Michael , Burrows John P. , Notholt Justus , Buschmann Matthias
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on-board the satellite Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) is part of the latest generation of trace gas monitoring satellites and provides a new level of spatio-temporal information with daily global coverage, which enable the calculation of daily globally averaged CH4 concentrations. To investigate changes of atmospheric methane, the background CH4 level (i.e. the CH4 concentration without seasonal and short-term variations) has to be determined. CH4 growth rates vary in a complex manner and high-latitude zonal averages may have gaps in the time series, thus simple fitting methods don't produce reliable results. In this manuscript we present an approach based on fitting an ensemble of Dynamic Linear Models (DLMs) to TROPOMI data, from which the best model is chosen with the help of cross-validation to prevent overfitting. We present results of global annual methane increases (AMIs) for the first 4.5 years of S5P/TROPOMI data which show good agreement with AMIs from other sources. Additionally, we investigated what information can be derived from zonal bands. Due to the fast meridional mixing within hemispheres we use zonal growth rates instead of AMIs, since they provide a daily temporal resolution. Clear differences can be observed between Northern and Southern Hemisphere growth rates, especially during 2019 and 2022. The growth rates show similar patterns within the hemispheres and show no short-term variations during the years, indicating that air masses within a hemisphere are well-mixed during a year. Additionally, the growth rates derived from S5P/TROPOMI data are largely consistent with growth rates derived from CAMS global inversion-optimized (CAMS/INV) data. In 2019 a reduction in growth rates can be observed for the Southern Hemisphere, while growth rates in the Northern Hemisphere stay stable or increase. During 2020 a strong increase in Southern Hemisphere growth rates can be observed, which is in accordance with recently reported increases in Southern Hemisphere wetland emissions. In 2022 the reduction of the global AMI can be attributed to decreased growth rates in the Northern Hemisphere, while growth rates in the Southern Hemisphere remain high. Investigations of fluxes from CAMS/INV data support these observations and suggest that the Northern Hemisphere decrease is mainly due to the decrease in anthropogenic fluxes while in the Southern Hemisphere wetland fluxes continued to rise.
A process-based model for fluvial valley width
Authors: Turowski Jens Martin , Bufe Aaron , Tofelde Stefanie
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The width of fluvial valley-floors is a key parameter to quantifying the morphology of mountain regions. Valley-floor width is relevant to diverse fields including sedimentology, fluvial geomorphology, and archaeology. The width of valleys has been argued to depend on climatic and tectonic conditions, on the hydraulics and hydrology of the river channel that forms the valley, and on sediment supply from valley walls. Here, we derive a physically-based model that can be used to predict valley width and test it against three different datasets. The model applies to valleys that are carved by a river migrating laterally across the valley floor. We conceptualize river migration as a Poisson process, in which the river changes its direction stochastically, at a mean rate determined by hydraulic boundary conditions. This approach yields a characteristic timescale for the river to once cross the valley floor from one wall to the other. The valley width can then be determined by integrating the speed of migration over this timescale. For a laterally unconfined river that is not uplifting, the model predicts that the channel-belt width scales with river-flow depth. Channel-belt width corresponds to the maximum width of a fluvial valley. We expand the model to include the effects of uplift and lateral sediment supply from valley walls. Both of these effects lead to a decrease in valley width in comparison to the maximum width. We identify a dimensionless number, termed the mobility-uplift number, which is the ratio between the lateral mobility of the river channel and uplift rate. The model predicts two limits: At high values of the mobility-uplift number, the valley evolves to the channel-belt width, whereas it corresponds to the channel width at low values. Between these limits, valley width is linked to the mobility-uplift number by a logarithmic function. As a consequence of the model, valley width increases with increasing drainage area, with a scaling exponent that typically has a value between 0.4 and 0.5, but can also be lower or higher. We compare the model to three independent data sets of valleys in experimental and natural uplifting landscapes and show that it closely predicts the first-order relationship between valley width and the mobility-uplift number.
Regional to global distributions, trends, and drivers of biogenic volatile organic compound emission from 2001 to 2020
Authors: Wang Hao , Liu Xiaohong , Wu Chenglai , Lin Guangxing
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are important precursors to ozone and secondary organic aerosols in the atmosphere, affecting air quality, clouds and climate. However, the trend of BVOC emissions and driving factors for the emission changes in different geographic regions over the past two decades has remained unclear. Here, regional to global changes in BVOC emissions during 2001–2020 are simulated using the latest Model of Emission of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGANv3.2) with the input of time-varying satellite-retrieved vegetation and reanalysis meteorology data. Comparison of model simulations with the site observations shows that the model can reasonably reproduce the magnitude of isoprene and monoterpene emission fluxes. The spatial distribution of the modeled isoprene emissions is generally comparable to the satellite retrievals. The estimated annual average global BVOC emissions are 835.4 Tg yr-1 with the emissions from isoprene, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and other BVOC comprised of 347.7, 184.8, 23.3, and 279.6 Tg yr-1, respectively. We find that the decrease in global isoprene emissions (-0.07 % yr-1) caused by increase in CO2 concentrations (-0.20 % yr-1) is stronger than that caused by changes in vegetation (-0.03 % yr-1) and meteorological factors (0.15 % yr-1). However, regional disparities are large. Isoprene emissions increase significantly in Europe, East Asia, and South Asia (0.37-0.66 % yr-1). The increasing trend is contributed by half from increased leaf area index (LAI) (maximum over 0.02 m2 m-2 yr-1) and tree cover. Changes in meteorological factors contribute to another half, with elevated temperature dominating in Europe and increased soil moisture dominating in East and South Asia. In contrast, in South America and Southeast Asia, shifts in vegetation type associated with the BVOC emission capacity, which partly results from the deforestation and agricultural expansion, decrease the BVOC emission and offset nearly half of the emission increase caused by changes in meteorological factors. Overall, isoprene emission increases by 0.35 % yr-1 and 0.25 % yr-1 in South America and Southeast Asia, respectively. In Central Africa, a decrease in temperature dominates the negative emission trend (-0.74 % yr-1). Global monoterpene emissions show a significantly increasing trend (0.34 % yr-1, 0.6 Tg yr-1) compared to that of isoprene (-0.07 % yr-1, -0.2 Tg yr-1), especially in strong greening hotspots. This is mainly because the monoterpene emissions are more sensitive to changes in LAI and are not subject to the inhibition effect of CO2. The findings highlight the important roles of vegetation cover and biomass, temperature, and soil moisture in modulating the temporal variations of global BVOC emissions in past two decades.