bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HEIGHTAND WEIGHT PARAMETERS OF EUROPEAN ELITE ASSOCIATION
FOOTBALL TEAMS DEFENDERS
Authors: Rustamyan Gurgen , Gasparyan Hayk , Patvakanyan Ara
Published: July 2022

During the research, the following methods were used: 1. analysis of literary sources, 2. collection of statistical data. The weight and height indicators of the first teams of the major league clubs of the leading European football countries (England, Spain, Italy, Germany, France) were collected. 112 indicators of height and weight of defenders of 20 clubs (Barcelona, Juventus, Chelsea, Bayern, etc.) were recorded; 3) methods of mathematical statistics. The study was carried out in 2022.
According to our data, regardless of national characteristics, the strongest central defenders, in comparison with the extreme ones, have a significant advantage in terms of height and weight. Consequently, the weight-height model characteristics of the players of the defensive line should not be presented in a generalized form, as is often done.
Performances of Power: Staging Queenly Authority in Lope de Vega’s Los pleitos de Ingalaterra
Authors: Rasbridge Victoria Jane
Published: July 2022

This article explores the relationship between power, performance, and identity through the figure of the queen in Lope de Vega’s Los pleitos de Ingalaterra. Built upon a theoretical understanding of identity as both intersectional and performative, this study argues that compositional elements such as staging, costume, and spatial politics are essential to understanding the queen’s multi-faceted character and her relationship to power. By exploring the constant interplay between the queen’s identity markers—most notably gender, class, and sexuality—and how their variable expression or repression impacts on her ability to exercise authority, I demonstrate that power is temporary. In so doing, I show that power does not reside in a single individual or fixed category, and that, through these performative acts, the comedia invites a radical reconsideration of the hegemonic ideology that dictates who can and does merit power.
Cuando el Occidente escribe al Otro: El monólogo de Tucapel en la comedia famosa La confesión con el demonio de Francisco de la Torre y Sevil
Authors: Cora-Castillo Veronica
Published: July 2022

Este artículo analiza el monólogo del personaje Tucapel, en la comedia La confesión con el demonio (1678), de Francisco de la Torre y Sevil. Se analiza el lenguaje y los discursos de poder para determinar cómo el autor los utiliza para “blanquear” al personaje negro Tucapel. Se argumenta cómo la puesta en escena de La confesión debe ser reevaluada a la hora de interpretar personajes marginados/racializados. Estos argumentos pretenden guiar al lector—y a los performers—a determinar y reflexionar sobre cómo las representaciones racializadas pueden afectar las percepciones del público contemporáneo y, por lo tanto, cómo se deben reevaluar y adaptar para ser representadas hoy día.
Academics in Practice: Moving Beyond Appreciation
Authors: Cowling Erin Alice , Garza Ana Karen Rodas
Published: July 2022

In this short article, a professor and her student reflect on an ongoing project that brings them into close contact with theatrical adaptations. They discuss the ups and downs of working closely with Sor Juana’s Los empeños de una casa and Mexican actor Fernando Villa Proal of EFE TRES Teatro throughout the pandemic that started in early 2020 and has extended long into 2021. The piece also includes interview materials from theater practitioners who are interested in the overlap between theater and research. These are just some of the conclusions and suggestions that they have arrived at throughout this process, with an aim to bring academic and artistic practices into closer alignment.
Em prol da igualdade racial: as políticas públicas e a importância do incentivo à cultura negra brasileira
Authors: Miranda Silva Guilherme
Published: July 2022

A presente linha do tempo pretende apresentar o histórico das políticas públicas de reparação da desigualdade racial no Brasil, buscando evidenciar a contribuição da militância dos movimentos negros para que essas mudanças pudessem ser implementadas. A despeito de o racismo e a desigualdade racial serem marcas da história do país, as primeiras medidas oficiais de combate à discriminação datam apenas de meados do século XX, e as primeiras ações afirmativas em prol da igualdade racial se deram somente na primeira década dos anos 2000. É importante ressaltar que os fatos e as datas destacados aqui pretendem oferecer um panorama do tema, não esgotando os seus pormenores.
Notas da Casa de Candaces sobre a ballroom
Authors:   Casa de Candaces, Barbosa Zaila , Santos Puri , Santos Bruna , Verneck Audre , Terra Terra , Sandrin Jordana , Ramos Pereira Andiara
Published: July 2022

Neste ensaio, a Casa de Candaces apresenta a cultura ballroom – passando das movimentações iniciais da comunidade nos Estados Unidos à consolidação da cena no Brasil – e a sua proposta de atuação. A partir das falas de integrantes da Casa de Candaces, abordamos como é possível explorar as potencialidades de nossas corpas na comunidade, os desafios que cada ume experimenta e os conflitos, apontando caminhos possíveis para o nosso fortalecimento, sob a perspectiva do fazer cultural ancestral da diáspora negra que vivenciamos.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Transvaginal Versus Transabdominal Ultrasonography for Diagnosing Adnexal Masses
Authors: Rasheed Marriam , Urooj Shazmeera , Fatima Sana , Mujahid Naima , Muhammad Arslan Khawar Chaudhary , Iqbal Muhammad Usman
Published: July 2022

Objective: Purpose of our study is to diagnose accuracy of transvaginal versus transabdominal ultrasonography for diagnosing adnexal masses. Study Design: Cross-sectional/Comparative study Place and Duration: Sadiq Abassi Hospital Bahawalpur. March 2021 - Oct 21 Methods: There were one hundred and twenty females were presented in this study. Females were aged between 18-55 years. As part of the informed written consent process, all of the patients were asked to provide demographic information including their age, gender, monthly abnormalities (Oligomenorrhea / Amenorrhea), infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, hirsuitism, and acne vulgaris and obesity. The location, size, borders, echogenicity, soft tissue component, septations, and nodularity of ovarian lesions were evaluated on a grey scale. Patients were equally divided into two groups, group I had 60 cases and received transvaginal ultrasonography while group II received transabdominal ultrasonography with MRI. Outcomes among both groups were compared in terms of frequency of adnexal mass by using histopathological findings (positive/negative). SPSS 25.0 version was used to analyze complete data. Results: There was no any significantly difference between age and body mass index among both groups. Mean parity in group I was 2.34±4.14 and I group II was 1.14±7.38. Infertility and irregular cycle was the most common complaints among both groups in 28 (46.7%), 26 (43.3%) and 21 (35%), 24 (40%). Frequency of adnexal mass in transvaginal ultrasonography was found among 32 (53.3%) but in group II (transabdominal ultrasonography) adnexal mass found in 36 (60%) cases. According to histopathological among 32 cases of transvaginal sonography 26 had true positive and 6 had false negative and in group II 32 cases had true and 4 cases had false positive results. We found that accuracy of transvaginal sonography was lower than that of transabdominal sonography in terms of specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that abdominal ultrasonography with MRI was more beneficial and effective in terms of diagnosing adnexal masses with authentic values of specificity and sensitivity. Keywords: Adnexal Masses, Transabdominal ultrasonography, Transvaginal ultrasonography, Complications, Accuracy
Humerus Supracondylar Fracture in Children Treated with Closed Redution Percutaneous Cross Pinning vs Two Lateral Pinning
Authors: . Fatima , Rauf Fatima , Nawaz Sobia , Busharat Muhammad Adeem
Published: July 2022

Objective: With this research, we hope that we can compare the effectiveness of percutaneous cross pins in treating paediatric supracondylar humerus fractures to that of two-lateral pins. Study Design: Prospective study Place and Duration: Children Hospital Faisalabad/ Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur.April 2018-Oct 2018. Methods: This research included 104 patients of both sexes. After permission, the patient's age, sex, and BMI were recorded. The patients ranged in age from 3 to 10. Children with supracondylar humerus fractures were split into two groups. Percutaneous cross pinning was performed on group C patients, whereas two lateral pinning was done on group D patients. We examined the radiological and functional results and the occurrence of problems between the two groups. SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: In current study surgical time in group C was lower as compared to group D and had higher radiation time with p value <0.003. Post operatively frequency of excellent results in group C was higher among 35 (67.3%) cases as compared to group D in 27 (51.9%) patients. Frequency of poor results in group D was higher in 5 (9.6%) patients as compared to group C in 1 (1.9%) cases. Complication rate was also higher in group D 12 (23.1%) patients as compared to group C in only 6 (11.5%) cases. Conclusion: We observed that percutaneous pinning was more advantageous than two lateral pinnings in treating children with closed reduction supracondylar humerus fractures. Keywords: Children Percutaneous cross pinning, supracondylar humerus fracture,Two lateral pinning
Incidence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Among Patients Necessitating Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Atiq Sami , Tehreem Eesha , Murtaza Arslan , Baig Fahd Karamat , Atiq Usama , Rafique Rameen
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Staphylococcus aureus is an important nosocomial pathogen and the progression of methicillin resistance stances a most important threat for its control. The current study was directed to govern the MRSA prevalence and its susceptibility to various antibiotics given for anti-staphylococcal strains in OPD treated patients. Study design: Prospective descriptive study. Place and duration: This study was conducted in the East Surgical Ward of Mayo Hospital, Lahore for two-year duration from January 2020 to December 2021. Methods: A total of 200 patients with septic wounds of both sexes were encompassed in the study. Swabs were taken from wounds which were infected and Stuart's medium was used to transport them. The samples were grown onto MacConkey agar, nutrient agar and blood agar and for 24 hours; incubated at 37 ° C. All MRSA isolates were biochemically and morphologically identified using standard procedures of laboratory by processing clinical specimens submitted to a microbiology laboratory. All isolates were tested for patterns of resistance and sensitivity. Results: A total of 200 patients were included, 115 (57.5%) were men and 85 (42.5%) were women with 27.3 years of mean age and age range from 15-70 years. The incidence of positive cases confirmed by culture was 118 (59%) and the MRSA incidence was 78 (39%). Of the 78 cases of MRSA, 50 (64.10%) are men and 28 (35.90%) are women. The incidence of other microorganisms was 40 (33.8%). MRSA was 100% sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. Of these, 24.4% were sensitive to cotrimoxazole, 47.4% were sensitive to fucidic acid and 28.2% were sensitive tetracycline antibiotics. Cultured MRSAs were resistant 100% to main antibiotic groups including penicillin, macrolides, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, meropenem, imipenem, gentamicin, and tazobactum/ pipracillin. Of all 78 MRSA patients, > 50% were from general surgery and orthopaedics departments, and the remainder from other related specialties, such as Gynecology, pediatric surgery, maxillofacial surgery, neurosurgery and otolaryngology. Of 78 patients with MRSA, 70 (89.7%) were hospitalized with a history of hospitalization, and 60 (76.9%) were hospitalized for >1-week. The organism was institute to be hundred percent resistant to the generally directed antibiotics. Conclusions: The incidence of MRSA is increasing. The organism spreads readily in a hospital setting, causing morbidity, mortality and higher costs. Special infection control actions and precautions should be taken to stop and prevent the MRSA spreading. Keywords: Nosocomial infections, MRSA and Antibiotic resistance
Laparoscopic Appendectomy VS Open Appendectomy at Jeddah National Hospital Saudi Arabia; A Comparative Study
Authors: Soomro Aftab Ahmed , Memon Juwereya , Gharno Rajab , Memon Abdul Sattar , Chana Kashif , Malik Hamad Afzal
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare the laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) with open appendectomy (OA) in terms of operative time, complications, and hospital stay. Patients and Methods: This comparative study was done at Jeddah National Hospital, KSA. All the patients aged more than 12 years, both genders, and those who were admitted with appendicitis to the surgical department and underwent surgical treatment were included. The study duration was one year, from November 2019 to October 2020. All the patients were divided into two groups. Patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomies were put in LA group, while those who underwent open appendectomies were kept in OA group. All the patients were observed during hospital stays and comparative treatment outcomes were observed in terms of the pain, number of hours required for the return of bowel function, operative time, infection and hospital stays. A study proforma was used for the data collection and SPSS version 26 was used for the data analysis. Results: A total of 100 cases were comparatively studied, and the overall age of the patients was 33.34+7.23 years. Males were dominant as compared to females. Average operating time was lower in LA group as 37.11+8.41 minutes, compared to the OA group 47.45+4.34 minutes (p-0.001). The average post-operative hospital stay was 1.88+0.62 days in LA group, compared to the OA group 2.14+0.90 days, without a significant difference (p-0.098). Post operative infection was statistically insignificant in both groups as one case in the LA group and in cases of the OA group (p-558). Conversion to an open procedure was required in one case with extensive cecal adhesions and retrocecal gangrenous appendicitis with local peritonitis. 70% patients of LA group, returned to their normal routine life within 10 days and the remaining started doing their normal activities within 15 days, while in the OA group, 60% of patients returned to normal activity and 40% returned to work after 20 days. No mortality was found in either group. Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendectomy was observed to be a time-saving procedure, which depends on skills, patient selection, and availability of the laparoscope. It is safe when compared to open appendectomy. It shortens the hospital stay, allows for an earlier return to oral feeding, normal routine work, and results in fewer post-operative complications. Keywords: Laparoscopic, Open, Appendectomy, Hospital stay, pain, infection
Analysis of Pyogenic Liver Abscesses in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ayyaz Muhammad , Shah Bushra Gohar , Iqbal Anil , Butt Tariq Tahir , Shafique Ayesha
Published: July 2022

PLA (Pyogenic Liver Abscess) is a fatal disease. It is quite difficult to diagnose this disease at the early stages. Huge changes were observed in the epidemiology and mortality of this disease in past years. For a more efficient diagnosis of this illness, there is a need to understand the pathological cycle of this disease. Objective: Due to the lack of diagnostic methods for early detection of PLA (Pyogenic Liver Abscess), it is impossible to treat and control this illness; there is a need to understand the pathogenicity of the disease to find the most appropriate way of detection. To find a suitable detection method is necessary for the further treatment and eradication of the disease. Study Design: It is a retrospective study with statistical approach, conducted in Medicine of Department of M. Islam Medical and Dental College Gujranwala for six months duration from July 2021 to December 2021. Methods: To find an appropriate diagnostic method for the detection of Pyogenic liver abscess, samples of 118 patients were selected. The clinical data related to pathogenicity, symptoms of illness, demographic distribution, treatment history, and the mortality rate was carefully noted, Patients were non-amoebic illnesses were selected for this study. Leukocytes and C-reactive protein values of the patients were also estimated. Microbes involved in this disease were also identified Results: The microbe involved in PLA was Klebsiella pneumonia. This disease was more prevalent in males in the age group 57 years. In more severe patients WBCs level was significantly high and CRP values were also aroused much. 67 % of patients have a high level of leukocytes. The mortality rate was about 6 % in these patients. Conclusion: After complete demographic, clinical, C-reactive protein level, evaluation of leukocytes, imaging results by ultrasound might help to diagnose this disease at an early stage. For the treatment of illness, image guided catheter and proper usage of antibiotics is recommended. Keywords: Pyogenic Liver Abscess, Biliary Pathology, Diagnosis of PLA, concomitant disease, catheter drainage
Role of Epidural Steroid and Local Anesthetic in Post-Operative Outcome Following Lumber Discectomy
Authors: Uddin Muhammad Muzaffer , Mari Abdul Razaque , Zulfiqar Farrukh , Ali Muhammad Munwar , Zeeshan Qazi Muhammad , Kumar Ramesh
Published: July 2022

Aim: The purpose of the study was to assess the outcome of epidural infiltration of local anesthetic and steroid intraoperatively in comparison with placebo (saline) after lumbar discectomy. Study Design: A prospective double blinded randomized controlled trial conducted in a tertiary care centre over two and half years’ duration, from July 2019 to December 2021 Methods: 70 subjects enduring lumbar discectomy were randomised to the intraoperative infiltration of triamcinolone acetonide (40mg/ml, 2ml) and bupivacaine (0.5%, 3ml) in A group or B group who were given equal (5ml) volume of normal saline. Infiltration was achieved after decompression and discectomy, and just before the incision was closed. In the postoperative period, the standard procedure of physiotherapy and intravenous paracetamol administration were used. Supplementary analgesics with tramadol was used solitary in patients requiring greater pain control. The VAS scale was used to access pain post-operatively and use of opioids was documented. Primary outcomes measures included immediate post-operative VAS back pain, infection rate and opioid use. The subjects were reassessed at six-weeks and three months after surgery. Results: No patient in A group needed opioid analgesic while 14 patients in group B needed additional tramadol as a pain killer for pain relief (p = 0.01). At the third hour after surgery, the VAS result was lower significantly in A group in comparison to the group B (p <0.05). No infection or other serious complication was reported and no revision surgery was performed in either group. One patient in each group stated residual radiculopathy, but after 6 weeks both patients’ symptoms resolved. Conclusions: Intraoperative administration of local anaesthetics and steroids is fruitful in reducing pain only for a brief time afterwards the surgical procedure, without affecting the infection rate and long-standing outcomes in comparison to the placebo. Keywords: Triamcinolone, Bupivacaine, Lumber discectomy, Postoperative pain
Evaluation of Dyslipidemia among Hypertensive patients in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Pakistan
Authors: Rahman Muhammad , Ullah Atta , Zahid Shamaila , Ilyas Muhammad , . Sana , Zubair Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Background: Dyslipidemia and hypertension are the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Both dyslipidemia and hypertension coexist in a single individual can double the risk of complication and a life threatening condition. No specific pattern of dyslipidemia reported among hypertensive patient. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the correlation of dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in duration of six months in Peshawar. A total of 200 newly diagnosed patients or already taking antihypertensive medications were included. Blood samples were collected from all patients after taking verbally informed consent. Lipid profile was evaluated in blood sample and the collected data was analyzed through SPSS-21. Results: Among total 200 hypertensive patients, 59.5% (n=119) were male patients and 40.5% (n=81) female patients. Blood pressure (BP) were examined among all patients and the mean BP was 156/87. Hypertriglyceremia (TG>200mg/dl) was found in 32% (n=64/200) individuals, hypercholesterolemia (TC>200mg/dl) in 27% (n=54/200), and LDL (>100mg/dl) in 61.5% (n=123/200) hypertensive patients. High density lipid was found lower in 36.5% (n=73/200) hypertensive patients. Conclusion: The findings of this study shows that patients with hypertension are likely exhibit dyslipidemia including elevated triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL level and have reduced HDL level. This study will help to make future plans for preventing both dyslipidemia and hypertension by both proper lifestyle changes and medical management. Keywords: Dylipidemia, Hypertension, TG, TC, Lipid profile, HDL, LDL
Frequency of Different Dermatosis Presented at OPD in Sir Syed Hospital Qayoomabad
Authors: Hafeez Asia , Rani Shabnam , Faisal Beenish , Maheshwari Priya Kumari , Shaikh Abdul Haq
Published: July 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of different dermatosis presented at OPD during one year at Sir Syed Hospital Qayyumabad. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at dermatology OPD of Sir Syed hospital Qayoomabad. A one-year data of the patients who were presented with different dermatosis during January 2018 to December 2018 of either gender was studied to observe the commonest dermatological disease during these 12 months. A self-made questioner was used for the data collection and SPSS version 26 was used for the analysis of the data. Results: A total of one-year of retrospective data regarding dermatological diseases was studied. The average age of the patients was found 30.23+12.22 years. Females were in majority 1942(66.4%), while males were 982(33.6%). Dermatological disease mostly observed during July to December. Acne, Scabies, Urticaria, Tinea corporis, Acne vulgaris, Melasma, Tinea cruris and Eczema were found frequently high. Acne was most common from February to October, scabies was most common from May to December, Melasma was most common from June to December, furuncles were most common from June to July, Pityriasis versicolor was most common from September to October, and Tinea cruris was most common from July to November (p0.001). Conclusion: As per the study conclusion, the young females mostly visited the dermatology OPD. Acne, Scabies, Urticaria, Tinea corporis, Acne vulgaris, Melasma, Tinea cruris, and Eczema were observed to be the most frequent diseases, and the disease frequency observed varied as per seasonal variations. Keywords: Dermatosis, season, retrospective, audit,
Comparative Study of Surgical Outcome of Linear Stapled Versus Manual Anastomosis Technique During Reversal of Loop Ileostomies
Authors: Kumari Aneeta , Shah Rehmat Urf Sehrish , Shabbir Seema , Munir Ambreen , Shah Syed Asad Ali , Soomro Suhail Ahmed
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare the surgical outcomes of linear stapler versus manual anastomosis for the reversal of loop ileostomies Subjects and methods: This randomized control trial was conducted in the department of General Surgery at Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro, from June 2018 to May 2019. All the patients with an age of 14 to 45 years of either gender, having typhoid perforation, and having undergone ileostomy in an emergency after 6–12 weeks of previous surgery were included. All patients were divided into two groups. Patients in group A were reversed with a linear stapler (LS), and the others were reversed through manual suturing (MS). Patients were followed for two weeks during Hospital stay and were discharged on clinically stable condition with normal bowel movements and no complication. Outcome was measured in terms of operative time, hospital stays, and postoperative complications in both groups. All the data was recorded in the predesigned proforma and analyzed by SPSS version 26. Results: A total of 218 patients were studied; the most common age group was 15–30 years in both groups, and males were in the majority in both groups. Anastomosis leakage occurred in 3.7% of patients in group A, while none was found in group B. The infection rate was significantly lower at 13.8% in group A compared to group B at 34.9% (p-0.001). Intestinal obstruction was observed in 1.8% of patients in group A compared to 8.3% in group B (p-0.002). Prolonged Hospital stay was significantly higher in group B (8.7%) (p- 0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that stapler anastomosis is the safe, most reliable, and adaptable surgical tool for ileostomy reversal. It consumed very less operative time with very lower rate of complications and less time for follow-up as compared to manual suturing. Keywords: Reversal loop ileostomies, linear stapler, manual anastomosis
The relationship between Scio-demographic Characteristics and the Application of Self Care Instruction Program for Patients with Double Lumen Catheter
Authors: Flayyih Salam Salah , Mohammed Widad K
Published: July 2022

Objective: to identify the influence of Socio-demographic Characteristics in the Application of Self Care Instruction Program for Patients with Double Lumen Catheter. Methodology: A quasi-experimental (non-randomized) design was used. Descriptive studies are conducted to describe the distribution of variables, provide information about health status, behavior, attitudes and characteristics of a specific population Conclusion: There a significant relationship between age and patients' knowledge pretest level, and also Showed significant relationships between knowledge of patients with their age and gender at the post-test level. Result: There was a significant relationship between age and patients knowledge pretest level at (P.value=.011), and also Showed significant relationships between knowledge of patients with their age at (P= .02) and gender at (P= .047) at the post -test level. Recommendations: Recommendations to Ministry of Health (Establishment of centers concerned with hemodialysis patients' rehabilitation, and Conducting specialized courses for medical and health staff concerned with the implementation of self-care programs for hemodialysis patients with double lumen catheters in hemodialysis units) Keywords: Scio-demographic Characteristics, Self Care, Instruction Program, Double Lumen Catheter,
Prevalence of Congenital Hypothyroidism in Neonates
Authors: Batool Bushra , Samuel Sehar Saba , Shamim Javeria , Khan Mohammad Mohsin
Published: July 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of congenital hypothyroidism in neonates. Patients and Methods: A total number of 200 neonates born through SVD and cesarean section after 37 weeks of gestation aged 48 hours of birth to 2 weeks of neonatal age (as serum of neonates less than 48 hours of life contain mother’s serum level of TSH were included. The study was conducted from 05-Nov-2020 to 04-May-2021. Data regarding neonates’ age, gender, weight, and height was taken. 2cc venous blood was taken for serum TSH and T4 level. Neonates having TSH hormone level more than 20mIU/mL were labelled as having congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Results: Mean age of neonates was 9.63±3.94 days. There were 113 (56.50%) females and 87 (43.50%) male neonates. Mean weight of neonates was 2970.28±516.32 grams. Mean height of neonates was 52.23±2.11 cm. Mean gestational age was weeks. Mean occipitofrontal circumference of neonates was 34.69±1.29 cm. Mean TSH level were 6.64±7.92 mIU/L. Mean T4 level was 23.70±4.25 µg/dL. CH was diagnosed in 4 (2.0%) neonates. Conclusion: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is common among neonates. In present study CH was diagnosed in 2.0% neonates who were screened for CH. So CH screening should be done in all neonates to diagnose CH at early stages and to prevent complication of CH in these neonates. Keywords: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH),
Frequency of Wound Infections in Patients Undergoing Caesarean Section
Authors: Sattar Faiza , Siddiqa Maryam , Zahoor Asim , Zahoor Umer , Manzoor Ayesha , Zahoor Ali
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare the frequency of wound infections in patients undergoing elective and emergency caesarean section. Material and Methods: A total 140 patients with singleton or multiple pregnancy of cephalic presentation undergoing emergency or elective cesarean section were included Jan-2022 to April-2022. All this data (age, gestational age, parity (Primiparous/multiparous), previous history of cesarean section (yes/no), BMI, mode of cesarean (elective/emergency), duration of procedure, type of cesarean (conventional/lower segment) and wound infection (yes/no)) were recorded. Results: Mean age was 31.58±5.17 years. Mean gestational age of patients was 39.56±1.39 weeks. Mean duration of procedure of patients was 36.19±5.31 minutes. There were 64 (45.7%) patients having previous history of CS. Mode of cesarean section was elective in 107 (76.4%) and it was emergency in 33 (23.6%) patients. wound infections were found in 34 (20.24%) patients. Wound infections were found in 11 (33.3%) patients undergoing emergency CS and in 23 (17.0%) patients undergoing elective CS (p-value 0.037). Conclusion: In emergency CS, the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) is greater than in elective CS. Therefore, in emergency situations, it is necessary to investigate the elements that lead to increased SSIs and to take care of them. Keywords: Wound infections, caesarean section.
Primary School Teacher’s Awareness and Knowledge of Dyslexia in Qassim Region-Saudi Arabia
Authors: Yousef Alharbi Hatim
Published: July 2022

Dyslexia represents a major educational and medical issue. Students with dyslexia can go through multiple psychological and emotional problems such as depression and anxiety. Primary school teachers could play a crucial role in identifying dyslexia early and creating awareness about learning disorders in the community. However, there are very few studies on the knowledge of primary school teachers about dyslexia. This study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of dyslexia in primary school teachers in Qassim region-Saudi Arabia and to assess the variables influencing the knowledge. Therefore172, teachers from different primary schools in the Qassim region were given a self-report questionnaire, socio-demographic history was elicited, and the teacher’s preparation and knowledge were assessed based on their responses to the questionnaire. The results showed that most teachers lack the training, knowledge, and skills to diagnose dyslexic students in their classrooms. Furthermore, the higher levels of knowledge and awareness were significantly correlated with higher educational level, being a teacher for the lower classes, and working as a special education teacher. The findings of this article carry the notion that the lack of knowledge and awareness among school teachers regarding the term dyslexia puts the affected students at significant difficulties. Keywords: Learning Disorder, Dyslexia, Primary School, Teachers.
Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection during Pregnancy at Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Begum Amina , Jabeen Asma , Lakho Rizwana , Zaheen Zakia , Bala Madhu , Bhutto Arooba
Published: July 2022

Aim: the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infection during pregnancy and the microorganism associated with it. Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at CDF Hospital Hyderabad, Pakistan from June 2020 to June 2021 Methodology: A total of 150 women were included in this study. All the women were pregnant and aged between 18 to 50 years. Urine samples were collected from all the participants. From each sample, bacteria were isolated, and then the isolated bacteria were stained. Also, indole test, catalase test, voges proskauer test, urease test, citrate utilization test, methyl-red test, and coagulation test were performed for the identification of the bacteria. Results: The results of this study showed that almost 16 percent of pregnant women had urinary tract infections. Women aged from 20 years to 30 years showed a higher incidence of urinary tract infection. Urinary tract infection was more prevalent in unemployed participants than in employed participants. In the same way, participants belonging to rural areas had a higher urinary tract infection rate as compared to patients belonging to urban areas. Educated women showed less incidence of UTI as compared to uneducated or less educated women. The results also showed that the women in the third trimester of their pregnancy had the highest prevalence of UTI. Escherichia coli was the most common cause of UTI in our study. The least common cause of UTI was Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusion: This study concluded urinary tract infection is one of the most common complications during the gestational period. Keywords: urinary tract infection, bacteria, pregnancy, prevalence.
Estimation the Relationship Between Vitamin D and Some Immune Parameters Among Patients with Graves’ Disease
Authors: Mohammed Ali Angham Jasim , Hamoud Majedaldeen Jumaa Majeed
Published: July 2022

Background: Graves' disease is an autoimmune condition caused by thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins binding to the thyrotropin receptor on the thyroid gland. This leads to increased thyroid hormone production, hyperthyroidism symptoms, and the development of diffuse goiter. Objectives: This research seeks to measure the concentrations of CD40, CD80, and CD86 in Graves’disease patients, as well as their vitamin D levels, and Determination the correlation between immunological markers by the (SPSS). Materials and Methods: This research included a total of (90) people of various sexes and ages (30 men and 60 females), including (60) Graves' disease patients and (30) healthy people. Patients with Graves' disease were seen at Alsader Medical City (Najaf Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology). Between November 2021 and January 2022. Results: The mean blood levels of Vitamin D revealed a very significant association (P.value> 0.005) across the groups tested for Graves ' disease. The patients group comprised 20 men (33.3%) and 40 females (66.7%) and their mean CD40 serum levels were (36.89± 30.50 ng / ml) in the patients and 46.61± 16.14 ng / L in the controls. Conclusion: The Thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) test and ultrasonography of the thyroid gland are useful diagnostic tools for autoimmune Graves' disease (GD) since they may diagnose AITD early. Graves' illness is connected with decreased vitamin D levels in the blood.
Comparative Analysis of Levels of Iron, Copper, Transferrin, and Ceruloplasmin in Serum of the Patients of Psoriasis
Authors: Orakzai Shabir Ahmed , Ali Ambareen , Sarwar Nayaab , Hussain Shabir , Naveed Tehseen , Farooq Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis on the serum levels of transferrin, ceruloplasmin, copper, and iron in the serum of patients suffering from psoriasis. Methodology: It was a case-controlled comparative study conducted on a group of 40 individuals suffering from psoriasis, and another group of 40 healthy individuals. The levels of iron, copper, ceruloplasmin, and transferrin in serum were evaluated directly. The severity of the disease was observed by psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), and the association between PASI score and disease severity. Results: The study involved 40 psoriatic patients, and 40 healthy individuals, and it was observed that iron, and transferrin levels were statistically low in the patients suffering from psoriasis as compared to healthy individuals. However, there was no significant difference observed between the two groups in terms of levels of copper in serum. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is an involvement of trace elements in the serum of psoriatic patients.
Frequency of Stroke Acquired Pneumonia in Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Unit with Stroke
Authors: Shahzadi Kiran , Mannan Shafaq , Ahmad Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Stroke is a highly morbid entity, and it can be fatal directly due to neurological damage and affecting the respiratory system or can add to overall morbidity and mortality due to its associated complications like stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of stroke-associated pneumonia in ICU patients. Study Design: This Descriptive case series was conducted in Saddique Family Hospital Gujranwala from October 2020 to April 2021. In this study, the cases of either gender agaged0 to 70 years suffering from stroke within 12 hours were included. SAP was labels on fever, cough, and non-homogenous opacities on chest X-ray. Results: In the present study, 160 cases of stroke were included, and out of these 82 (51.25%) were males and 78 (48.75%) females. The mean age of the subjects was 54.24±7.15 years and the mean duration of stroke was 7.05±2.54 hours. There were 35 (21.88%) cases that had DM, 28 (17.50%) had HTN and 30 (18.75%) of cases had a history of smoking. In 20 (12.50%) of the patients, stroke-acquired pneumonia (SAP) was discovered. With a p= 0.34, SAP was found in 12 (15.38%) female patients compared to 8 (9.75%) male cases. With a p= 0.15, SAP was more common in instances with DM, where it was detected in 7 (20%) of the cases compared to 13 (10.4%) in cases without DM. SAP was found in 5 (17.85%) instances of HTN and 4 (13.33%) cases of smoking history, with p values of 0.35 and 1.0, respectively. SAP was found in 15 (14.42%) patients with a stroke length of 6-12 hours, compared to 5 (8.92%) instances with a stroke duration of shorter than this, with a p= 0.45. Conclusion: Stroke acquired pneumonia is not uncommon and is seen in more than 1 out of every 10 cases and it is more seen in females and those with history of DM, HTN and duration of stroke 6 to 12 hours, though none of this variable was found statistically significant. Keywords: SAP, DM, HTN, Smoking.
Assessment of Male and Female Nursing Students' Perception of Male Nurses Role at Makkah, KSA
Authors: Alghabashi Maram Taher , Sayed Hala Yehia
Published: July 2022

Background: More men in nursing are critical to meet predicted global shortages in the nursing workforce, and to promote gender equality in the profession. Male nurses face challenges in their education and practice because of their gender and stereotypes associated with being a male in a female dominated profession. Despite the constant changes that impact healthcare, the sex imbalance of the nursing education remains constant. Aim: Assess students’ perceptions about male nursing and compare students’ perceptions about male nursing. Material and Method: Method: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used in this study. To assess the students’ perceptions about male nursing which was contained three sections. The first part of the questionnaire included socio demographic data, second part of the questionnaire included questions about perceptions of both female and male students about position of males in nursing career while questions regarding effects of recruiting males to nursing career were included in the third part. The total sample of the study was 120 male & female nursing students were selected from each class level. Results: There were highly statistically significant differences of career preferences among students regarding clinics are seen suitable for men to work after graduation in emergency (0.005). In addition, there was statistically significant differences of male & female students' in relation to working place preferences of male students after graduation as administrator (0.03). Conclusion: Male & female students expectations regarding; working place preferences of students after graduation in emergency primary care, hospital ward, instructor in college, male & female students prefer emergency, operating room, intensive care unit, medical & surgical ward as clinics suitable for men after graduation and male and female perceived that males will change anything in image of nursing, will improve image of nursing, will change anything in the status of nursing and will improve the status of nursing. As well as they refuse the nursing profession to be a female profession. Recommendations: Faculties of nursing should encourage and organize the admission of men to nursing profession to be fruitful through policies, rules, regulations, determining male role identity, job description, rights…. etc. Admission of men in nursing profession to decrease the severe shortage considering the suitable areas for men to work in. Design and implement orientation training programs about nursing career and profession for men students before admission. Keywords: Male, female students’ perception, male nurse role.
Clinicopathological Analysis of Chronic Urothelial Inflammation Associated with UTI in Women
Authors: Aalam Mahabub , Ashraf Hashir , Yaseen Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a typical grumbling experienced in outpatient setting, regardless of whether essential care or expert facility. Objectives of the study: The basic aim of the study is to analyses the clinicopathological analysis of chronic urothelial inflammation associated with UTI in women. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Foundation University Medical College Islamabad During March 2021 till November 2021. The data was collected through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Results: The data was gathered from 100 patients. The examination of data shows the distinctions in urodynamic factors between the control subjects and the ESRD/CKD patients. In general, the ESRD/CKD patients had fundamentally lower FS, US, and CBC than did the controls. Patients with ESRD/CKD with DU had altogether lower FS, CBC in ESRD/DU patients with BO (table 01). Conclusion: It is concluded from our study that chronic inflammation, urothelial cell apoptosis and impairment of barrier function of urothelial cells could be the underlying pathophysiology of recurrent UTI in women. Keywords: UTI, Women, Pathology, Urothelial
Analysis of Different Factors Associated with Re-Laparotomy After Cesarean Section Deliveries at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sadaf Breera , Khudaidad Salma , Kumari Devi , Ramzan Summiya , Khan Farzana , Amjad Rubina
Published: July 2022

Aim: To evaluate factors that are associated with re-laparotomy after cesarean section. Study design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Sheikh Zaid Hospital Quetta, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta, Jinnah Medical and Dental College karachi, Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta, Mekran Medical College Teaching Hospital Turbat Kech, Pakistan from the year 2019 to 2021 Methodology: For this research interview sessions with patients were conducted. Clinical examinations were done and Bed Head ticket (BHT) was used for examining the medical history of patients. All the information related to age, parity, indications of caesarian section, and gestational age were observed including time interval of re-laparotomy from caesarian section. Furthermore, information related to clinical features of re-laparotomy, duration of re-laparotomy, and outcomes were also kept for statistical analysis. Results: Over two years, we observed 22192 cases of caesarian deliveries. Out of these 37 emergency caesarian required re-laparotomy procedure. We observed non-progress of labor as a major indication of LUCS in the primary caesarian section comprised of 21.62% of cases. Another dominion indication of the caesarian section was reported as CPD (5.40%), meconium stained liquor (MSL) with Bradycardia (10.81%), and PROM in 10.81% of cases. Rectus sheath hematoma was a major indication of re-laparotomy in 29.7% of cases while 27.02% of cases in our study reported peritoneal hemorrhage. Conclusion: Findings of our study revealed that unnecessary usage of caesarian surgery on patient leads to severe complications resulting in re-laparotomy. Factors like rectus sheath hematoma, Intra-peritoneal hemorrhage and abscess are the dominant reasons for re-laparotomy. Keywords: Caesarian section, Gynecology, Re-laparotomy
The Impact of Islam on the Organizational Commitment of Athletes
Authors: Yilmaz Ünlü , Solakumur Adem , Taş Zeki
Published: July 2022

Aim: Based on the scriptures of the religion of Islam, which obliges its followers to work, loyalty and honesty, as seen in the verses and hadiths, this study aims to examine the impact of the religion of Islam on the organizational commitment of athletes, who are one of the most important stakeholders of sports. Method: In the research, "Organizational Commitment Scale (OCS) and "Islamic Religion’s Impact on Sports Activites Scale (IRISAS) were used to determine the organizational commitment of the athletes and the impact of Islam in sports activities. Research data were obtained from 365 athletes according to the convenience sampling technique. The survey model was used in the study, which was conducted as a field study. For this purpose, distributions of demographic characteristics are shown with ratio, frequency and percentage. In addition, the correlation status between “Age”, “OCS”, and “IRISAS” were tested with the Correlation test. Regression analysis was also applied to determine the impact of Islamic religion on the organizational commitment of the athletes. Results: According to the findings, it has been determined that there is a positive and significant relationship between "age" and "organizational commitment" and "Islamic religious impact in sports activities". Conclusion: As a result of the regression analysis, it was determined that the impact of Islam in sports activities significantly predicted the organizational commitment of the athletes. Keywords: The Impact of Islam, Organizational Commitment, Athletes.