bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in the treatment needs of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies and their caregivers and differences in their physicians’ awareness of those treatment needs according to the clinical department visited by the patients: a subanalysis of an observational survey study
Authors: Ikeda Manabu , Toya Shunji , Manabe Yuta , Yamakage Hajime , Hashimoto Mamoru
Published: March 2024

Background

We investigated whether the treatment needs of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and their caregivers, along with their attending physicians’ perception of those treatment needs, differ according to the clinical department visited by the patients.

Methods

This was a subanalysis of a multicenter, cross-sectional, observational survey study. Data from the main study were classified according to the clinical department visited by the patient: psychiatric group (P-group), geriatric internal medicine group (G-group), and neurology group (N-group). The treatment needs of patients and caregivers were defined as “the symptom that causes them the most distress”, and the frequency of each answer was tabulated.

Results

This subanalysis included 134, 65, and 49 patient–caregiver pairs in the P-, G-, and N-groups, respectively. Statistically significant differences in patient background characteristics such as patient age; initial symptom domains; use of cholinesterase inhibitors, levodopa, antipsychotics, and Yokukansan; and total scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Neuropsychiatric Inventory-12, and Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Parts II and III were shown among the three subgroups. While there were no differences in patients’ treatment needs among the subgroups, residual analysis showed that in the N-group, parkinsonism was more of a problem than other symptom domains (p = 0.001). There were significant differences in caregivers’ treatment needs among the three subgroups (p < 0.001). The patient–physician concordance rates for the symptom domains that caused patients the most distress were: P-group, 42.9% (kappa coefficient [κ] = 0.264); G-group, 33.3% (κ = 0.135), and N-group, 67.6% (κ = 0.484). The caregiver–physician concordance rates for the symptom domains that caused the caregivers the most distress were: P-group, 54.8% (κ = 0.351), G-group, 50.0% (κ = 0.244), and N-group, 47.4% (κ = 0.170).

Conclusion

This subanalysis revealed differences in the treatment needs of patients with DLB and their caregivers according to the clinical department they attended. There might be a lack of awareness of those treatment needs by the attending physicians, regardless of their specialty.

Trial registration

UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000041844.
Image quality and metal artifact reduction in total hip arthroplasty CT: deep learning-based algorithm versus virtual monoenergetic imaging and orthopedic metal artifact reduction
Authors: Selles Mark , Wellenberg Ruud H. H. , Slotman Derk J. , Nijholt Ingrid M. , van Osch Jochen A. C. , van Dijke Kees F. , Maas Mario , Boomsma Martijn F.
Published: March 2024

Background

To compare image quality, metal artifacts, and diagnostic confidence of conventional computed tomography (CT) images of unilateral total hip arthroplasty patients (THA) with deep learning-based metal artifact reduction (DL-MAR) to conventional CT and 130-keV monoenergetic images with and without orthopedic metal artifact reduction (O-MAR).

Methods

Conventional CT and 130-keV monoenergetic images with and without O-MAR and DL-MAR images of 28 unilateral THA patients were reconstructed. Image quality, metal artifacts, and diagnostic confidence in bone, pelvic organs, and soft tissue adjacent to the prosthesis were jointly scored by two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists. Contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) between bladder and fat and muscle and fat were measured. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with Holm-Bonferroni correction were used.

Results

Significantly higher image quality, higher diagnostic confidence, and less severe metal artifacts were observed on DL-MAR and images with O-MAR compared to images without O-MAR (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Higher image quality, higher diagnostic confidence for bone and soft tissue adjacent to the prosthesis, and less severe metal artifacts were observed on DL-MAR when compared to conventional images and 130-keV monoenergetic images with O-MAR (p ≤ 0.014). CNRs were higher for DL-MAR and images with O-MAR compared to images without O-MAR (p < 0.001). Higher CNRs were observed on DL-MAR images compared to conventional images and 130-keV monoenergetic images with O-MAR (p ≤ 0.010).

Conclusions

DL-MAR showed higher image quality, diagnostic confidence, and superior metal artifact reduction compared to conventional CT images and 130-keV monoenergetic images with and without O-MAR in unilateral THA patients.

Relevance statement

DL-MAR resulted into improved image quality, stronger reduction of metal artifacts, and improved diagnostic confidence compared to conventional and virtual monoenergetic images with and without metal artifact reduction, bringing DL-based metal artifact reduction closer to clinical application.

Key points

• Metal artifacts introduced by total hip arthroplasty hamper radiologic assessment on CT.

• A deep-learning algorithm (DL-MAR) was compared to dual-layer CT images with O-MAR.

• DL-MAR showed best image quality and diagnostic confidence.

• Highest contrast-to-noise ratios were observed on the DL-MAR images.

Graphical Abstract
Integrated model construction for state of charge estimation in electric vehicle lithium batteries
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Dun Wenxin
Published: March 2024

This research addresses the issue of State of Charge (SOC) prediction for electric vehicle batteries by employing a dynamic Kalman neural network model. The model is optimized using a Genetic algorithm to adjust the neural network weights. Additionally, a strategy involving support vector machines for model optimization is proposed. This strategy involves preprocessing the data, selecting appropriate kernel functions for training, and merging prediction results to enhance the stability of the model. Results indicated that the Dynamic Genetic Kalman Neural Network (DGKNN) model achieved the minimum prediction error percentage of only 0.1529% when the correction coefficient was set to 0.7. The DGKNN model consistently exhibited the lowest error percentage, average absolute error, mean square error, and root mean square error when handling small, medium, and large datasets. For instance, in the small dataset, the error percentage was only 0.1518, and the root mean square error was only 0.0604. The research findings demonstrated that the proposed model exhibited high real-time accuracy in predicting battery SOC, enabling real-time monitoring of battery operating parameters. The method proposed in this study can accurately predict the state of battery charge, extend the life of battery packs, and improve the performance of electric vehicles. It has important significance for promoting the development of the electric vehicle industry.
A pair of soybean malectin-like domain-containing receptor-like kinases jointly regulate pattern-triggered immunity by forming hetero-oligomers
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wang Dongmei , He Zhuoyuan , Bao Yazhou , Wang Xiaodan , Xu Guangyuan , Yang Jun , Dou Daolong , Feng Xianzhong , Liang Xiangxiu
Published: March 2024

Plant cells perceive pathogen invasion by recognizing microbial patterns using plasma-membrane-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), which confers a moderate immunity to most microbes. For instance, the PRR FLS2 (FLAGELLIN SENSING 2) recognizes bacterial flagellin in the presence of the co-receptor BAK1 and activates a series of PTI responses, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. We previously showed that soybean malectin/malectin-like domain-containing receptor-like kinase (MRLK) protein GmLMM1 negatively regulates PTI by suppressing FLS2-BAK1 interaction. GmLMM1 replicates in tandem with five other GmMRLKs on chromosome 13. Here, we show that GmMRLK32, the closest homolog to GmLMM1 among the tandem genes of GmLMM1, negatively regulates PTI and disease resistance against bacterial and oomycete pathogens. The Gmmrlk32 mutant showed enhanced flg22-induced ROS burst and MAPK activation. We revealed that GmMRLK32 interacts with GmFLS2 and GmBAK1, and suppresses flg22-induced GmFLS2-GmBAK1 dimerization in a manner similar to that of GmLMM1. We further showed that GmMRLK32 specifically interacts with GmLMM1 to regulate PTI. In Nicotiana benthamiana plants, co-expression of GmMRLK32 and GmLMM1 showed a stronger PTI inhibitory effect on PTI activation than expression of GmMRLK32 or GmLMM1 alone. We uncovered a novel mechanism by which GmMRLK32 and GmLMM1 coordinately regulate PTI by forming hetero-oligomer.
Solvent fractions of Vitellaria paradoxa root extract suppress phenylhydrazine-mediated jaundice in Wistar rats
Authors: Anyebe Daniel Abu , Turaki Abdullahi Aliyu , Yusuf Abdulrahman Bashir , Shemishere Ufuoma Bigila , Okwanya Musa Idu , Tajudeen Yahaya
Published: March 2024

Background

In the first few days of life, jaundice has continued to be a major health concern. It typically manifests as a yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera as a result of bilirubin deposition from excessively high concentrations in the body. It affects 80% of preterm and 60% of term new-borns within the first seven days of life, which is of great concern. According to the World Health Organization, the widespread acceptance of traditional medicines can be attributed to their accessibility and affordability. In West African arid savannah, there is a tree called Vitellaria paradoxa (Sapotaceae) that grows naturally. This well-known herb has numerous applications in medicine. Various plant components, including the leaves, roots, seeds, and fruit, have all been used in traditional medicine to cure a variety of illnesses. The purpose of this study is to objectively ascertain the efficacy of V. paradoxa root extracts on jaundice. Rats given phenylhydrazine (PHZ) to induce hyperbilirubinemia were orally administered ethylacetate, n-butanol, n-hexane, and aqueous fractions.

Result

Results indicated the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenol. n-hexane and ethylacetate fractions showed activity against jaundice in rats. This observation was due to the fact that they significantly improved all biomarkers that were examined, namely body weight change, liver function parameters (total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, and total protein), haematological parameters (white blood cells, haemoglobin, red blood cells, haematocrit, and platelets), and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde).

Conclusion

n-Hexane and ethylacetate fractions of the extract showed significant activity against PHZ-induced jaundice in rats. However, n-hexane fraction was the most active fraction.
Investigation of Serum Albumin as a Dynamic Treatment-Specific Surrogate for Outcomes in Patients With Myelofibrosis Treated With Ruxolitinib
Authors: Kuykendall Andrew T. , Ball Somedeb , Mora Barbara , Mo Qianxing , Al Ali Najla , Maffioli Margherita , Auteri Giuseppi , Mazzoni Camilla , Palumbo Giuseppe A. , Duminuco Andrea , Longo Anna , Elli Elena M. , Passamonti Francesco , Palandri Francesca , Komrokji Rami
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE

Ruxolitinib improves splenomegaly and disease-related symptoms in most patients with myelofibrosis (MF), and it has been associated with a survival benefit in higher-risk patients with splenomegaly. Spleen volume reduction has been associated with a survival benefit in ruxolitinib-treated patients; however, its use as a surrogate is limited. We hypothesized that an anti-inflammatory response to ruxolitinib would correlate with improved patient outcomes.

METHODS

We interrogated serum albumin, an acute phase reactant and marker of nutritional status in 590 patients with MF and analyzed differential trajectories of albumin on the basis of ruxolitinib treatment. Additionally, we assessed the prognostic role of baseline albumin and change in albumin.

RESULTS

We found that serum albumin levels tend to decrease in patients with MF; however, this tendency is abrogated by ruxolitinib treatment. To that end, baseline serum albumin level correlates with overall survival (OS) in patients with MF, independent of the variables that comprise the dynamic international prognostic scoring system; however, this correlation is limited to ruxolitinib-naïve patients. In ruxolitinib-treated patients, the change in serum albumin after ruxolitinib treatment, rather than the baseline value, is associated with improved OS, a finding not seen in ruxolitinib-naïve patients.

CONCLUSION

These findings suggest that serum albumin, a ubiquitously available laboratory value, has specific relevance in patients with MF and reflects therapeutic response to ruxolitinib.
Triglyceride-glucose Index and Mortality in a Large Regional-based Italian Database (URRAH Project)
Authors: D’Elia Lanfranco , Masulli Maria , Virdis Agostino , Casiglia Edoardo , Tikhonoff Valerie , Angeli Fabio , Barbagallo Carlo Maria , Bombelli Michele , Cappelli Federica , Cianci Rosario , Ciccarelli Michele , Cicero Arrigo F G , Cirillo Massimo , Cirillo Pietro , Dell’Oro Raffaella , Desideri Giovambattista , Ferri Claudio , Gesualdo Loreto , Giannattasio Cristina , Grassi Guido , Iaccarino Guido , Lippa Luciano , Mallamaci Francesca , Maloberti Alessandro , Masi Stefano , Mazza Alberto , Mengozzi Alessandro , Muiesan Maria Lorenza , Nazzaro Pietro , Palatini Paolo , Parati Gianfranco , Pontremoli Roberto , Quarti-Trevano Fosca , Rattazzi Marcello , Reboldi Gianpaolo , Rivasi Giulia , Russo Elisa , Salvetti Massimo , Tocci Giuliano , Ungar Andrea , Verdecchia Paolo , Viazzi Francesca , Volpe Massimo , Borghi Claudio , Galletti Ferruccio
Published: March 2024

Purpose

Recently, a novel index [the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index]) was considered a surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR); in addition, it was estimated to be a better expression of IR than widely used tools. Few and heterogeneous data are available on the relationship between this index and mortality risk in non-Asian populations. Therefore, we estimated the predictive role of baseline TyG on the incidence of all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in a large sample of the general population. Moreover, in consideration of the well-recognized role of serum uric acid (SUA) on CV risk and the close correlation between SUA and IR, we also evaluated the combined effect of TyG and SUA on mortality risk.

Methods

The analysis included 16 649 participants from the URRAH cohort. The risk of all-cause and CV mortality was evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier estimator and Cox multivariate analysis.

Results

During a median follow-up of 144 months, 2569 deaths occurred. We stratified the sample by the optimal cut-off point for all-cause (4.62) and CV mortality (4.53). In the multivariate Cox regression analyses, participants with TyG above cut-off had a significantly higher risk of all-cause and CV mortality than those with TyG below the cut-off. Moreover, the simultaneous presence of high levels of TyG and SUA was associated with a higher mortality risk than none or only 1 of the 2 factors.

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that these TyG (a low-cost and simple, noninvasive marker) thresholds are predictive of an increased risk of mortality in a large and homogeneous general population. In addition, these results show a synergic effect of TyG and SUA on the risk of mortality.
Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs): Endocrine Manifestations, Pathophysiology and Treatments
Authors: Angelidi Angeliki M , Stefanakis Konstantinos , Chou Sharon H , Valenzuela-Vallejo Laura , Dipla Konstantina , Boutari Chrysoula , Ntoskas Konstantinos , Tokmakidis Panagiotis , Kokkinos Alexander , Goulis Dimitrios G , Papadaki Helen A , Mantzoros Christos S
Published: March 2024

Research on lean, energy-deficient athletic and military cohorts has broadened the concept of the Female Athlete Triad into the Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) syndrome. REDs represents a spectrum of abnormalities induced by low energy availability (LEA), which serves as the underlying cause of all symptoms described within the REDs concept, affecting exercising populations of either biological sex. Both short- and long-term LEA, in conjunction with other moderating factors, may produce a multitude of maladaptive changes that impair various physiological systems and adversely affect health, well-being, and sport performance. Consequently, the comprehensive definition of REDs encompasses a broad spectrum of physiological sequelae and adverse clinical outcomes related to LEA, such as neuroendocrine, bone, immune, and hematological effects, ultimately resulting in compromised health and performance. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology of REDs and associated disorders. We briefly examine current treatment recommendations for REDs, primarily focusing on nonpharmacological, behavioral, and lifestyle modifications that target its underlying cause-energy deficit. We also discuss treatment approaches aimed at managing symptoms, such as menstrual dysfunction and bone stress injuries, and explore potential novel treatments that target the underlying physiology, emphasizing the roles of leptin and the activin-follistatin-inhibin axis, the roles of which remain to be fully elucidated, in the pathophysiology and management of REDs.

In the near future, novel therapies leveraging our emerging understanding of molecules and physiological axes underlying energy availability or lack thereof may restore LEA-related abnormalities, thus preventing and/or treating REDs-related health complications, such as stress fractures, and improving performance.
Bleeding Forms
Authors: Omar Abdaljawad
Published: March 2024

This essay considers the war in Gaza from the perspective of resistance as an anticoncept. It draws inspiration from the notion of the informe (formless) as described by Georges Bataille to understand how resistance acts as a formless operation that deforms the colonial structure. It argues that resistance overflows the condition it seeks to dismantle and bring down in the world. The essay explores the difference between Bataille's account of the operation of the formless and Frantz Fanon's understanding of the tabula rasa, highlighting how resistance can break down, deform, and distort following this capacity to deform historically. However, the Palestinian resistance did not achieve the radical break, or what Frantz Fanon describes as the minimum demand of the colonized, the clean slate from which a genuine decolonization can ensue. The essay explores how the Palestinian resistance initiated on October 7 a meticulously orchestrated offensive maneuver that surpassed the spontaneous uprisings of previous intifadas. It was a calculated decision to deform the existing order. The essay points to the novel development in Palestinian resistance where the decision to instigate this process of decomposition has become wedded to a decider and a locus, while highlighting some of the pitfalls of this development. It argues that the current moment is marked by a decomposition of the colonial order without decolonization.
The Technology Study on Horse Armor Excavated from Tomb No.8 of the Ancient Tumuli in Marisan, Haman
Authors: Han Woo Rim , Park Ji Yeon , Park Yeong A , Kim So Jin
Published: March 2024

Haman Malisan Ancient Tumuli are a group of tombs belonging to the Aragaya kings that were intensively built in the late 5th to early 6th centuries. In particular, Tomb No. 8 is an important tomb for the study of restoration of Gaya’s heavy equipped cavalry, as horse armor, human armor and helmet were excavated as a set. This study sought to confirm through analysis the production and surface treatment techniques of horse armor excavated from Tomb No. 8 of the ancient tumuli in Marisan in Haman, which is believed to have been built in the late 5th century. Different metal structures are identified in horse armor depending on the part. Ferrite, a soft iron structure, is identified in the body armor and hip armor that protects the horse’s sides and hips, while pearlite is dominant in parts of the neck and chest armor that protect the neck and chest. It is believed that iron with a low carbon content was manufactured and molded into armor, and then separate carburization was performed on the neck and chest armor and the top of the chanfron, which were parts that required strength for defense. Traces of repairs and additional drilling positions are observed in some parts of the armor, and the difference in carbon content depending on the part of the horse armor suggests that the horse armor was used for actual warfare rather than for burial. Additionally, it is believed that the neck and chest were made of high-strength iron to protect the horse during war. It is presumed that the surface of the armor was surface treated using lacquer, as relatively high levels of C(carbon) were detected in the lacquer layer, which is believed to be the surface of the horse armor. The results of this study are based on metallurgical analysis of pieces of horse armor that have not been analyzed to date, and the production intention. Furthermore, it will be used as very important data to confirm which part of the horse was considered fatal during ancient warfare.
Microstructure and Mortar Strength Characteristic of Lime Added with Glutinous Rice Paste Used for Repairing Architectural Cultural Heritage
Authors: Ahn Sunah , Kim Eunkyung , Kang Soyeong
Published: March 2024

Historically, various additives were used to increase the functionality of lime mortar, and among the additives, the function and material properties of glutinous rice paste were identified. In this study, samples of lime paste and lime mortar were manufactured and exposed to various environmental conditions during the curing period, and then a comprehensive review was conducted on microstructural changes and strength characteristics. X-ray diffraction analysis of calcite minerals generated in an accelerated carbonation environment due to the addition of glutinous rice grass showed that it was about 2.1 times higher. The average size of calcite crystal grains was about 38.90 nm, which tended to decrease by 18%. Additionally, the average particle size of lime was confirmed to be reduced by 20% to about 17.93 µm. Under indoor curing conditions, glutinous rice paste reduced the drying shrinkage rate of lime mortar by about 6.8 times. As a result of the strength analysis, compression increased by 33% to 2.99(±0.24) MPa, tensile strength increased by 9% to 0.35(±0.03) MPa, and bending increased by 22% to 1.11(±0.06) MPa, confirming that all mechanical strengths were superior.
A Study on Smelting Temperature through analysis of Slag Excavated from Iron Manufacturing Remains on Site of Jangamjinseong in Seocheon, Korea
Authors: Park June Yeong , Cho Nam Chul
Published: March 2024

This study studied the smelting temperature by the principal components, crystal structure, microstructure, and differential thermal analysis on four slags excavated from iron manufacturing remains on site Jangamjinseong in Seocheon, Korea. As a result of the principal component analysis, the content of the T⋅Fe and Deoxidation agent which was the same as the characteristics of the direct smelting slag. As a result of the crystal structure analysis, Fayalite(Fe2SiO4) and Wustite(FeO) were detected. and as a result of microstructure analysis, Fayalite and Wustite were present on the Glass Matrix. As a result of differential thermal analysis, Fayalite was melted at an endothermic peak of 1,132.0°C. At 1,370.0°C, Wustite was melted. In No. 2, it was found that Fayalite melted at an endothermic peak of 1,096.0°C, and Wustite melted at 1,311.0°C. As a result of the analysis of the FAS ternary phase diagram and the FCS ternary phase diagram, the smelting temperature range was 1,150.0 to 1,250.0°C. The FeO-SiO2 binary state is also a range in which Fayalite is melted on Wustite + Fayalite to become a Wustite + Liquid phase. When combined with the results of differential thermal analysis, the range of the smelting temperature is 1,096.0°C to 1,370.0°C. To sum up all the results of the analysis, the steel relics in the site of Jangamjinseong in Seocheon used a direct smelting method, and were carried out in the range of 1,096.0℃ to 1,370.0℃ during the process.
Manufacturing and Characteristics of Hardness Controllable Epoxy for Restoration of Earthenware
Authors: Park Min-Seon , Wi Koang-Chul
Published: March 2024

Fatty acids, tall-oil, reaction products with tetraethylenepentamine and 1-(2-aminoethyl) piperazine-based epoxy resin were mixed to manufacture 2 types of hardener to enable hardness control for restoration of earthenware. The mixed epoxy resin was manufactured in 2-solution reaction hardening type to control the hardness in the range of approximately 40∼65 Hs, and tensile strength in the range of 27∼121 kgf/mm2 and hardening type of 20∼30 min were secured. Moreover, it has wear rate that has been enhanced by 2 folds compared to the existing restoration material, which can be controlled in accordance with the mixing ratio, and was manufactured to enable mixing of diversified fillers later on. These results indicate that this is a restoration material that can solve the problems pointed out for the earthenware restoration materials such as processability and workability that occurred due to high level of hardness, tensile force and adhesion strength, etc., and increase in the level of fatigue due to tension with earthenware surface, etc. Accordingly, it is deemed that it is a material that can be used in actual restoration.
An overview of cybersecurity in Zimbabwe’s financial services sector
Authors: Maphosa Vusumuzi
Published: March 2024

Background As nations, businesses, and individuals rely on the Internet for everyday use, so are cybercriminals manipulating systems to access information illegally and disrupting services for financial gain. The global cost of cybercrime eclipsed one trillion US Dollars in 2020, with Africa losing US $3.5 billion. Methods A quantitative research methodology was adopted to investigate factors affecting cybercrime in Zimbabwean financial institutions. The study focused on the technical aspects of cybersecurity. Data were collected from July 2022 to October 2022, targeting technology experts in the financial services sector. Participants were recruited from 13 institutions to rank cybersecurity constructs, frameworks, and challenges associated with cybersecurity. Data was collected using a questionnaire distributed to participants. Descriptive statistics were used to extract meanings from the responses that measure mean and standard deviation. Results Network and data security were the most highly ranked cybersecurity constructs, while physical security was the least. The top three barriers are increasing sophistication of threats, limited skills and emerging technologies, while lack of executive support was the least. The top frameworks used are the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) and Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies (COBIT), while a fifth is yet to adopt cybercrime frameworks. Conclusions The study proposes that financial institutions establish a cybersecurity culture to fight cybercrime, addressing cybersecurity barriers and following best practices. Financial institutions should invest in cybersecurity technologies, train security specialists, and employ a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO). The study’s small sample may affect the generalisability of the results. Financial institutions should implement strategies to raise awareness and collaborate with institutions to train cybersecurity security specialists to close the skills gap.
PICASSO EN RAY SMITH. DEL HOMENAJE Y LA APROPIACIÓN A LA SUBVERSIÓN ANAMÓRFICA.: From homage and appropriation to anamorphic subversion.
Authors: De la Torre Amerighi Iván
Published: March 2024

El presenta artículo analiza las relaciones de interacción entre las creaciones significantes de la historia del arte, en especial la obra de Pablo Ruiz Picasso, y la producción del artista norteamericano Ray Smith. El apropiacionismo y el homenaje se entremezclan como signo de la producción artística de Smith de las últimas décadas, sin abandonar un punto de vista crítico ni el componente irónico en todas sus obras.
Tanta historia en tan poco espacio. Estudio transdisciplinar del altar fenicio de Caura (Coria del Río, Sevilla).
Authors:   ,  ,  ,  ,,, Bernáldez-Sánchez Eloísa ,   ,   (†),  ,, García-Viñas Esteban , Gamero Esteban Miguel , Borja Barrera Francisco , Borja Barrera César , Recio Espejo José Manuel , Granados Trillo Cristina , Royo García María A. , Ubera Jiménez José Luis , Villate Aliaga Enrique , Ocaña García de Veas Aurora , Escacena Carrasco José Luis
Published: March 2024

Las excelentes condiciones de conservación del altar del siglo VII a.C., encontrado en 1997 en el santuario protohistórico de Caura (Cerro de San Juan, Coria del Río, Sevilla), aconsejaron su extracción en bloque para su exposición en el Museo Arqueológico de Sevilla. No obstante, previamente a su puesta en valor, desde el Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico de la Junta de Andalucía se procedió a la restauración del ara. Para aliviar su peso se llevó a cabo un vaciado parcial de la pieza mediante un proceso de microexcavación de la misma. El material obtenido por este procedimiento fue sometido a análisis geológicos, arqueobotánicos y arqueozoológicos, con el objeto tanto de determinar el origen, la naturaleza y la disposición de los materiales de construcción de la pieza ritual, como de interpretar su entorno natural, ayudando así a clarificar los planteamientos realizados inicialmente por arqueólogos e historiadores. Los resultados de los distintos análisis coinciden en el uso de sustratos limpios para la construcción del altar, corroborando la hipótesis histórica de partida y proporcionando información paleoambiental.
Upolitycznione dziedzictwo – wyzwania XXI wieku
Authors: Kania Marta
Published: March 2024

Brak abstraktu dla tego artykułu.
„Oddziedziczanie” dziedzictwa
Authors: Kuczyńska-Zonik Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

“INHERITING” HERITAGE: REMOVAL OF SOVIET MONUMENTS IN THE BALTIC STATES
The aim of this article is an analysis of the process of removing the Soviet monuments including the objects commemorating the Red Army and those glorifying the Soviet regime, which were created during the occupation of the Baltic states by the USSR. After the spontaneous process of destroying the monuments and their removal in the 1990s, many of them remained in public spaces of the sovereign states. In recent years, due to Russia’s occupation of Crimea (2014) and Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine (2022), the governments of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia have taken active steps to dismantle monuments that are a symbol of Russian imperialism and falsification of history. The author draws attention to the process of heritage management, in which certain meanings are accepted and reinforced, while others are marginalised and rejected. Gregory Ashworth’s heritage paradigm will be used to analyse the research topic, according to which heritage is a process of selective acceptance or rejection of elements of the past in response to the current social, political and economic needs.
Protest jako forma ruchu obywatelskiego w społeczeństwie pokonfliktowym na przykładzie Republiki Serbii
Authors: Korzeniewska-Wiszniewska Mirella
Published: March 2024

PROTEST AS A FORM OF CIVIC MOVEMENT IN POST-CONFLICT SOCIETY WITH THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Civic activity, the degree of development of this activity and its multifaceted relationship with the state has been one of the most expressive manifestations of mature democracy for several decades. Citizens’ trust in bottom-up initiatives is a long-term process built in the social space where systemic democracy is present. Serbs, as a society that directly or indirectly experienced armed conflicts, entered the path of democratisation after 2000 and remained on it for about 15 years, when during the rule of the Serbian Progressive Party of Aleksander Vučić, the populist character of the rule slowed down and then reversed the democratisation processes. The aim of the article is to look at the protest as one of the most common manifestations of civic movements and to analyse the subject matter of the protests, their intensity, the possibility of influencing the political and social reality, and finally the cases of its evolution, related to its transformation into          other forms of activity.
Szukając niezależności
Authors: Zdeb Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

SEEKING INDEPENDENCE: DE FACTO ETHNIC AUTONOMIES IN THE POST-YUGOSLAV SPACE
The violent breakup of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union in the early 1990s meant that the link between territorial autonomy and accommodation of groups in the post-communist world has been regarded almost uncritically as an anathema and a threat to the territorial integrity of the state. Nevertheless, territorial solutions are still taken into consideration as suggested tools for regulating ethnic and national tensions – in the post-communist area, three forms of their implementation can be identified: federalism and formally existing autonomous regions; decentralisation, which can be reduced to classical self-government with a strong ethnic component (e.g., Macedonia); and de facto ethnic autonomies based either on formal structures, as in the case of Macedonia, or informal ones, as in the cases of Kosovo and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Having said that, the aim of this article is to compare these three de facto ethnic autonomies, i.e. structures existing outside formal territorial arrangements, that have been developed in the post-conflict and post-Yugoslav space: Serb in Kosovo, Albanian in Macedonia and Croat in Bosnia. Moreover, I also assume that their level of autonomy depends on the policies and support of kin states connected to these entities by ethno-national ties.
Derivación y validación de un nuevo puntaje predictivo de mortalidad por COVID-19 en la altura
Authors: Calderón Gerstein Walter , López-Peña Jorge , Torres-Samaniego Gabriela , Espinoza-Zavaleta Jorge , Núñez-Martínez Yalila , Urriola-Gonzales Anibal , Calderón-Anyosa Mirella , Macha-Ramírez Raúl , Huayllani-Flores Lizet , Cabrera-Osorio Roy
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: desarrollar un puntaje predictivo de mortalidad para pacientes con covid-19. Materiales y métodos: estudio retrospectivo, analítico, observacional y transversal, realizado en dos fases. Se revisaron 620 historias clínicas con una cohorte de derivación de 320 pacientes y una de validación de 300 pacientes. Las variables se analizaron con test de Anova, chi cuadrado de Pearson y análisis multivariante con regresión binaria, que determinaron sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo negativo y positivo. Los puntajes se compararon mediante curvas cor con los scores news y hews. Resultados: los dos puntajes obtenidos incluyeron valores de edad, conteo de linfocitos, SatO2 /FiO2, leucocitos, plaquetas, ausencia de síntomas, hipertensión arterial, epid y dhl. El área bajo la curva (abc) fue de 0.838 para el puntaje con dhl, con una mortalidad del 100% para 7.75 puntos o más, y un abc de 0.826 para el primer puntaje. En la cohorte de validación, el abc para el primer puntaje fue de 0.831 y para el score con dhl fue 0.855. El puntaje hews obtuvo un abc de 0.451, y el news, un abc de 0.396. Conclusiones: se desarrollaron dos herramientas para predecir mortalidad en pacientes con covid-19, con alto poder de discriminación, superior a los puntajes británicos hews y news.
The Cyber Risk Premium
Authors: Jiang Hao , Khanna Naveen , Yang Qian , Zhou Jiayu
Published: March 2024

Cyber risk is an important emerging source of risk in the economy. To estimate its impact on the asset market, we use machine learning techniques to develop a firm-level measure of cyber risk. The measure aggregates information from a rich set of firm characteristics and shows superior ability to forecast future cyberattacks on individual firms. We find that firms with higher cyber risk earn higher average stock returns. When these firms underperform, cybersecurity experts tend to have higher concerns about cyber risk, and cybersecurity exchange-traded funds outperform. Further tests strengthen the identification of the cyber risk premium.

This paper was accepted by William Cong, finance.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02056 .
Fixing Inventory Inaccuracies at Scale
Authors: Farias Vivek F. , Li Andrew A. , Peng Tianyi
Published: March 2024

Problem definition: Inaccurate records of inventory occur frequently and, by some measures, cost retailers approximately 4% in annual sales. Detecting inventory inaccuracies manually is cost-prohibitive, and existing algorithmic solutions rely almost exclusively on learning from longitudinal data, which is insufficient in the dynamic environment induced by modern retail operations. Instead, we propose a solution based on cross-sectional data over stores and stock-keeping units (SKUs), viewing inventory inaccuracies as a problem of identifying anomalies in a (low-rank) Poisson matrix. State-of-the-art approaches to anomaly detection in low-rank matrices apparently fall short. Specifically, from a theoretical perspective, recovery guarantees for these approaches require that nonanomalous entries be observed with vanishingly small noise (which is not the case in our problem and, indeed, in many applications). Methodology/results: So motivated, we propose a conceptually simple entrywise approach to anomaly detection in low-rank Poisson matrices. Our approach accommodates a general class of probabilistic anomaly models. We show that the cost incurred by our algorithm approaches that of an optimal algorithm at a min-max optimal rate. Using synthetic data and real data from a consumer goods retailer, we show that our approach provides up to a 10× cost reduction over incumbent approaches to anomaly detection. Along the way, we build on recent work that seeks entrywise error guarantees for matrix completion, establishing such guarantees for subexponential matrices, a result of independent interest. Managerial implications: By utilizing cross-sectional data at scale, our novel approach provides a practical solution to the issue of inventory inaccuracies in retail operations. Our method is cost-effective and can help managers detect inventory inaccuracies quickly, leading to increased sales and improved customer satisfaction. In addition, the entrywise error guarantees that we establish are of interest to academics working on matrix-completion problems.

History: This paper was selected for Fast Track in M&SOM from the 2022 MSOM Supply Chain Management SIG Conference.

Funding: Financial support from the National Science Foundation Division of Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation [Grant CMMI 1727239] is gratefully acknowledged.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.0146 .
Students’ difficulties in learning English speaking: A case study in a Muslim high school in the South of Thailand
Authors: Apichat Bushro , Fatimah Nur
Published: March 2024

The demand on using English as a means of communication is still a challenge for learners of English as a foreign language. The objectives of this study are finding out students’ difficulties in learning English speaking and the factors causing students' difficulties in learning English speaking. This study is descriptive qualitative. The data were obtained through interview. The research involved 10 students of the second semester of high school in a muslim school, in the South of Thailand. The results of the research showed that the students had difficulties in learning English speaking. In addition, they also have difficulty in pronunciation. Some sounds are difficult for students to produce. This was caused by internal and external factors. The internal factors include motivation, vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, fluency, shyness and also lack of self-confidence. It made students difficult to speak English. The external factors include the environment, teacher, the facility and the students’ lack of the opportunity to use English.
Revelando el secreto de los pelirrojos
Authors: Tenorio-Rodríguez Paola A. , Moreno-Figueroa Luis Daniel , Cab-Sulub Leticia
Published: March 2024

Si observas a las personas a tu alrededor, seguro te darás cuenta de que existe una diversidad en el color del pelo de las personas, entre negro, rubio, castaño y pelirrojo. ¿Te has preguntado si sucede lo mismo en otras especies de mamíferos?
El teléfono descompuesto y los felinos silvestres
Authors: Nuñez-Pérez Rodrigo , Salinas-Melgoza Alejandro
Published: March 2024

Las redes sociales nos han permitido disfrutar y difundir increíbles imágenes, espectaculares videos e interesantes notas sobre la fauna silvestre de cualquier parte del mundo que, hasta hace unos años solo soñábamos; sin embargo, a veces las cosas no son lo que parece. Creer o no creer, esa es la cuestión.
Lo busco pero no lo busco…rareza mastofaunística
Authors: Pech Canché Juan Manuel
Published: March 2024

Las especies raras son determinantes en la evaluación de la calidad de los inventarios biológicos y es importante notar que tal rareza biológica podría incluir, además, la rareza metodológica requerida para obtenerla.
En la tierra del mamut colombino
Authors: Ortega Jorge , Arroyo-Cabrales Joaquín
Published: March 2024

El mamut colombino fue una especie abundante en las grandes regiones de los pastizales de Norteamérica, siendo una especie clave en la estructura y composición de los ecosistemas debido a que era un proboscídeo con características muy particulares.
Revisitando discursos acerca de corpos negros, femininos e (nada) subservientes: uma análise comparada do gênero em Gabriela, cravo e canela e Cidade de Deus
Authors: Da Silva Juliana Carvalho
Published: March 2024

O presente trabalho se debruça na análise crítica da construção histórico social dos corpos femininos negros e mulatos, desde o período colonial até a contemporaneidade, focalizando na produção literária e como essa apresenta-se quanto perpetuadora de tais estereótipos. Assim, serão utilizados os conceitos de raça e gênero elaborados por Michel Foucault e Gilberto Freyre, bem como a produção intelectual e decolonial de nomes como Lélia Gonzalez e Sueli Carneiro. Para que seja possível tal debate, coloca-se em foco as personagens Gabriela, de Jorge Amado, e Berenice, de Paulo Lins, visando compreender como se dão suas construções e como essas podem ou não reverberar na maneira que a sociedade brasileira enxerga as mulheres negras.
A horta pedagógica que nutre diversas dimensões do cotidiano escolar
Authors: Yllas Frachia Yayenca , Tozato Heloisa , Firmo Heloisa Teixeira , Vendramini Ana Lúcia do Amaral
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo parte da premissa de que as pessoas se nutrem não apenas de alimentos físicos, mas também de outras experiências, tanto materiais quanto imateriais, que contribuem para o crescimento fisiológico e intelectual, bem como para o bem-estar individual e coletivo. O texto foi elaborado a partir de um recorte do estudo de caso realizado na Escola Municipal Pedro Ernesto, situada no Rio de Janeiro, entre maio de 2021 e agosto de 2023. A investigação objetiva a análise crítica e reflexiva do desempenho da vivência pedagógica na horta como instrumento para a sensibilização de estudantes sobre alimentação saudável e preservação da Natureza. O conjunto metodológico foi centralizado na pesquisa-ação, complementado por rodas de conversa e os diários da horta. Contou com a participação direta de 153 estudantes pertencentes às turmas do 1° ao 5° ano do Ensino Fundamental I, 5 docentes regentes, 2 professoras de inglês, 3 diretoras, 1 coordenadora pedagógica, 2 agentes de apoio à educação especial, 1 agente de apoio à alfabetização, 1 merendeira e 1 pesquisadora. Para a coleta de resultados, foram utilizadas as entrevistas semiestruturadas, o registro de áudios gerando um caderno de campo, e a aplicação de testes de análise sensorial de avaliação hedônica facial mista. Ao longo dos 27 meses de práticas ecopedagógicas na unidade escolar, a Natureza nos proporcionou a oportunidade de entender sobre seus ciclos de vida. Foram abordados de maneira interdisciplinar e transversal, diversos componentes e habilidades previstos na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e no Currículo Carioca da Secretaria Municipal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro. Observou-se que a horta pedagógica dinamizou metodologias de ensino ativas e investigativas que incentivaram o protagonismo das/os estudantes, permitindo que a diversidade cultural da alimentação, a importância da agricultura familiar e a educação alimentar e nutricional fossem abordadas no cotidiano escolar.
Dentifrices. Part 2: the evidence behind their formulation
Authors: Valkenburg Cees , van der Weijden Fridus , Slot Dagmar Else
Published: March 2024

The intricate formulations of modern dentifrices position them as one of the most sophisticated pharmaceutical products available today. Dental care professionals, tasked with providing evidence-based recommendations, encounter numerous challenges with this everyday product. This necessitates a thorough grasp of dentifrice formulations, familiarity with testing procedures, profound insights into (clinical) trials regarding proven efficacy and safety, and staying updated on current scientific literature. Additionally, recommendations must be tailored to integrate with each individual patient's oral health status, needs, and preferences.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dentifrices are complex formulations, carefully prepared by the industry, which need to be proven effective in (clinical) trials, receive evidence-based recommendation from professionals, and be appreciated by end users.
Dust Defying
Authors: Smith David
Published: March 2024

CATERPILLAR’S NEW WATER TRUCK HAS BEEN DEVELOPED FOR HOT, DUSTY CLIMES – BUT ASIDE FROM WATER USAGE OPTIMISATION ITS REAL ADVANTAGE LIES IN THE OEM’S OWN CLOUD-BASED DATA COLLECTION SOLUTION
Plato on Facebook
Authors: Borch-Jacobsen Mikkel
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Socrates : Of the many excellences which I perceive in the order of our state, there is none which upon reflection pleases me better than the rule about Internet. Glaucon : To what do you refer ? Socrates : To our refusal to admit the memetic kind of media, for it certainly ought not to be received … Speaking in confidence, for you will not denounce me to Facebook and the rest of the memetic networks, all memes are made to contaminate the thinking ( dianoia ) of the hearers, unless as an antidote ( pharmakon ) they possess the knowledge of the true nature of the originals.
Mimesis, Metaphysics and Aesthetic Science in Baumgarten and Nietzsche's The Birth of Tragedy
Authors: Siemens Herman
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This paper investigates the notion of mimesis in Baumgarten's Meditationes (1735), the inaugural text of modern aesthetics, and Die Geburt der Tragödie , as two exemplary texts of aesthetische Wissenschaft . What meanings and functions do they give to 'mimesis' and the Aristotelian doctrine that art is an imitation ( Nachahmung, Abbild ) of nature? The main thesis is that both texts cast art as a Nachahmung of the creative principle of nature (natura naturans), rather than the order of things (natura naturata); a move that displaces traditional (static, dualistic, passive, representational) notions of mimesis with one that is dynamic, creative and tendentially anti-metaphysical, in line with the mimetic turn. They are exemplary texts of aesthetische Wissenschaft because the way they do this places them at opposite ends of metaphysics.