bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development Using Bioluminescence Imaging of a Recombinant Anguillid Herpesvirus 1 Vaccine Candidate Associated with Normal Replication In Vitro but Abortive Infection In Vivo
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Sridhar Arun , Delrez Natacha , He Bo , Fourny Sophie , Gao Yuan , Donohoe Owen , Vanderplasschen Alain F. C.
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AngHV-1) (recently renamed Cyvirus anguillidallo 1) is the etiologic agent of a lethal disease that affects several eel species. It is thought to be one of the main infectious agents causing a population decline in wild eels and economic loss within the eel aquaculture sector. To date, no vaccines are available against AngHV-1. Recently, we developed a safe and efficacious live attenuated recombinant vaccine against Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3). This CyHV-3 recombinant vaccine encodes a deletion of ORF57. Orthologues of CyHV-3 ORF57 exist in Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2, ORF57) and AngHV-1 (ORF35). Methods: In the present study, using recombinant strains and bioluminescent in vivo imaging, we investigated the effect of AngHV-1 ORF35 deletion on virus replication in vitro, virulence in vivo, and the potential of an AngHV-1 ORF35-deleted recombinant as a vaccine candidate for the mass vaccination of eels by immersion. With this goal in mind, we produced ORF35-deleted recombinants using two parental strains: a UK strain and a recombinant derived from the former strain by insertion of a Luciferase–GFP reporter cassette into a non-coding intergenic region. Results: Analyses of ORF35-deleted recombinants led to the following observations: (i) AngHV-1 ORF35 is not essential for viral growth in cell culture, and its deletion does not affect the production of extracellular virions despite reducing the size of viral plaque. (ii) In contrast to what has been observed for CyHV-3 ORF57 and CyHV-2 ORF57, in vivo bioluminescent analyses revealed that AngHV-1 ORF35 is an essential virulence factor and that its deletion led to abortive infection in vivo. (iii) Inoculation of the AngHV-1 ORF35-deleted recombinant by immersion induced a protective immune response against a wild-type challenge. This protection was shown to be dose-dependent and to rely on the infectivity of AngHV-1 ORF35-deleted virions. Conclusions: This study suggests that the AngHV-1 ORF35 protein has singular properties compared to its orthologues encoded by CyHV-2 and CyHV-3. It also supports the potential of AngHV-1 ORF35-deleted recombinants for the mass vaccination of eels by immersion.
Characteristics and Comparative Assessment of Flash Flood Hazard Evaluation Techniques: Insights from Wadi Haily Basin, Eastern Red Sea Coast, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bashir Bashar , Alsalman Abdullah
Published: December 2024

The Wadi Haily basin in southwest Saudi Arabia, which runs along the Red Sea coast, serves as an ideal natural laboratory for understanding flash flood dynamics in this region. However, limited morphometric and hydrological data are currently available in this area. This study aims to analyze key morphometric effective parameters to examine and assess flash flood risk potential within the basin. Using remote sensing, GIS, geological, and topographical datasets, this research combines advanced modeling and GIS tools to produce detailed flood hazard maps and risk assessments. This study examines 15 sub-basins of varying sizes, characterized by primary stream orders ranging from 4th to 8th. Based on morphometric analysis, the basins are categorized by flood susceptibility: four basins have a low flood risk, five exhibit moderate risk, and six are highly susceptible to flooding. Key findings indicate that the study area features a vast drainage area, high grid cell values of the drainage frequency, moderate drainage density, elongated basin shapes, low infiltration rates, and long overland flow distances, all suggesting a heightened flood hazard. Additional indicators include high values in gradient ratios, slopes, ruggedness numbers, relief ratios, and basin relief, reinforcing the basin’s flash flood vulnerability. This study provides a comprehensive morphological framework that can support strategic flood management and hazard mitigation planning for the Wadi Haily region.
Influence of Anthropogenic and Climatic Factors on the Dynamics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in an Urbanized River Basin
Authors: Zhang Qinghuan , Liu Fuzhen , Tan Fenfang , Qadeer Abdul
Published: December 2024

The management of and reduction in ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) in the water environment are crucial for protecting water quality amid rapid urbanization and population growth in highly industrialized regions. Specifically, in the Xiangjiang River Basin, the development of the Chang–Zhu–Tan urban agglomeration resulted in the deterioration of river water quality in the past, where ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) were the dominant pollutants. This study aims to assess the influence of anthropogenic and climatic factors on the dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus in an urbanized river basin in the middle Xiangjiang River Basin, China, from 2016 to 2020. This study examines NH3-N and TP trends and their influencing factors across six tributaries, as well as how their concentrations have changed in response to urbanization and wastewater treatment management. The results reveal that average NH3-N and TP concentrations decreased from 2016 to 2020 in the urbanized river system. NH3-N and TP concentrations exhibited positive correlations with the proportion of cropland and negative correlations with population number, percentages of urban lands, and forests. In contrast, the influence of precipitation and streamflow on NH3-N and TP concentrations was relatively weak. Consequently, agricultural activity was the primary contributing factor to NH3-N and TP concentrations. Our study also suggests that the government’s newly implemented water protection regulations can effectively control pollutant levels in urbanized river basins.
The Design of Distance-Warning and Brake Pressure Control Systems Incorporating LiDAR Technology for Use in Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Odngam Soontorn , Intacharoen Patiparn , Tanman Natee , Sumpavakup Chaiyut
Published: December 2024

This research presents the design of a brake fluid pressure warning and control system for autonomous vehicles (AVs) used on university campuses to control brake fluid pressure and measure the proximity of objects or obstacles in front of the vehicles using LiDAR. The goal was to reduce the jerking of the vehicle caused by the conventional braking system, which may cause danger to the user. We initially changed the existing brake system, which uses human braking force, to electric motor braking and tested it in a closed area (a test track) before actual use. This research was divided into two parts: Part 1—using LiDAR to create warnings in case there are obstacles in front of the vehicle and Part 2—controlling brake fluid pressure using a linear motor and a PD controller. Under the test conditions employed, at a speed of 20 km/h, the total load of passengers is 600 kg. The design results regarding the PD controller with the most suitable values of the system that prevent the vehicle from jerking are KD = 27.9606 and KP = 32.0490. The test was conducted while an object crossed the vehicle’s path at distances of 5, 10, 15, and 20 m, respectively. It was found that controlling brake fluid pressure by measuring the distance from the object helped reduce the braking time and jerking of the vehicle and could stop the vehicle before experiencing a collision. At a distance of 20 m, the vehicle could be stopped before the crash and was 3.7 m away from the object; at a distance of 15 m, the distance from the object was 3.1 m; and at a distance of 10 m, the distance from the object was 3 m. However, at a distance of 5 m, the brake system could not stop the vehicle, causing collision with the object because the distance from the object for braking was less than the designed distance. This shows that the warning system and the brake fluid pressure control system can operate in accordance with the corresponding conditions correctly, smoothly, and quickly within the specified distance and be applied to other types of vehicles.
Multiple Indicator Vulnerability to Energy Poverty: Assessing Spatial Variability Across Chile
Authors: Martinez-Soto Aner , Nix Emily , Saldias-Lagos Yarela , Sanhueza-Catalán Daniel Ignacio
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the multifaceted issue of energy poverty, focusing on its spatial and socioeconomic dimensions, with a particular emphasis on the case of Chile. Despite global initiatives like Sustainable Development Goal 7, which advocates for universal access to affordable and reliable energy, millions remain vulnerable to energy poverty. In Chile, this phenomenon is exacerbated by geographic and climatic variability, resulting in significant disparities in energy access, affordability, and efficiency. Using a multidimensional framework adapted from Bouzarovski and Petrova, we assessed energy poverty through factors including household income, fuel costs, energy infrastructure reliability, and regional climate needs. This analysis integrated composite indicators to map vulnerability at the regional level, highlighting high-risk areas primarily in the central and southern regions, where low incomes and dependency on biomass for heating amplified exposure occur. The findings reveal that approximately 4 million Chileans face a high risk of energy poverty, underscoring the need for regionally tailored policies that address both immediate economic constraints and structural energy inequalities. This research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of energy poverty in Chile and offers policy recommendations aimed at reducing socioeconomic disparities and achieving sustainable, equitable energy access.
Escuta comigo - sons da escola geo-grafados com as crianças
Authors: Theves Denise , Runetto Duarte Anderson , Pasini Tonetto Élida , Kaercher Nestor André
Published: December 2024

No texto apresentam-se experiências e reflexões de um Bolsista de Iniciação à Docência, no Subprojeto de Geografia junto a alunos de um segundo ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública da região central de Porto Alegre (RS). Nos encontros semanais com a turma foram desenvolvidas propostas didáticas intencionalmente planejadas, envolvendo a corporalidade, espacialidade e musicalidade, estimulando a autoria das crianças e os conhecimentos escolares. Esses momentos registrados em diário de campo da docência, foram profícuos para conhecer as percepções e as espacialidades das crianças, revelando suas lógicas e vivências no espaço escolar. Os recortes apresentados nesse trabalho reafirmam a importância da docência com a Geografia Escolar com propostas que considerem a presença das crianças no mundo, suas linguagens e autorias. Mostrou ainda, quão rica foi para a formação inicial do licenciando, a convivência com as crianças, à medida que pôde perceber as múltiplas compreensões e leituras de tempo e de espaço dessas, inclusive em outros momentos na escola que não na sala de aula.
Formação docente em sala de aula invertida
Authors: Ferreira de Souza Luiz Claudio , Ferreira Sampaio Brenda Kerollyn , Nascimento da Silva Ana Beatriz , Pereira Leal José Fernando
Published: December 2024

O cenário desafiador da educação exige alternativas que proporcionem aprendizagens significativas e relevantes para os estudantes. Nesse contexto, o uso de ferramentas tecnológicas, como a robótica, aliado à abordagem Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade, pode gerar impactos sociais, científicos e tecnológicos por meio de uma aprendizagem interativa e contextualizada, estimulando a criatividade e a resolução de problemas. Este estudo busca analisar as contribuições de uma formação docente em Sala de Aula Invertida aplicada a graduandos de um curso de licenciatura em Física em um contexto amazônico. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, utiliza procedimentos de pesquisa-ação e coleta dados por entrevistas, questionários e observação sistemática, analisados com base na metodologia de Bardin. Os resultados indicam que a proposta é uma estratégia eficaz para engajar estudantes em formação docente e superar desafios educacionais, promovendo um ambiente de ensino mais participativo e colaborativo.
Formação inicial e PIBID
Authors: Argôlo Souza Jorsinai , Lapa de Oliveira Rosemary
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa se insere no conjunto de produções investigativas, de abordagem crítica, sobre as políticas de formação inicial docente no Brasil. É uma pesquisa documental, cujos objetivos são: debater os princípios, fundamentos e objetivos do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) em aspectos políticos e ideológicos e explicitar os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos presentes nos documentos governamentais que o normatizam. Para tanto, lança mão do Materialismo Histórico-dialético, através das categorias: totalidade, contradição, mediação, estabelecendo as relações com o contexto social, político, ideológico. Ao final, conclui-se que não se pode desconsiderar que a aproximação da prática educativa através da imersão na escola de educação básica, através do PIBID, não seja necessária para os licenciandos, mas não se pode deixar de considerar que essa imersão não é capaz de garantir a formação teórica e prática na formação docente.
Aprendizado online de redes neurais artificiais aplicadas à reconstrução de energia no calorímetro hadrônico do atlas
Authors:   , Quirino Tiago Motta
Published: December 2024

A tarefa principal desenvolvida neste trabalho é a de recuperar informações de partículas subatômicas incidentes em calorímetros. Especificamente, trata-se os sinais da eletrônica de leitura do Tilecal, o calorímetro hadrônico instalado no ATLAS, que por sua vez, é um dos principais experimentos do maior e mais potente colisionador de partículas construído, o LHC (Large Hadron Collider). Há um planejamento de atualizações do LHC que considera o aumento da luminosidade, havendo maior probabilidade de colisões de partículas em intervalos fixos e definidos de tempo, o que, no contexto do tempo de resposta do TileCal, ocasiona o efeito de empilhamento dos sinais, prejudicando a estimação da amplitude deles, grandeza essa que está relacionada à energia das partículas detectadas. Sugere-se o aprendizado online de Redes Neurais Artificiais, devido às não-linearidades intrínsecas do canal de leitura, para estimação de energia em condições de alta luminosidade, comparando seu desempenho a métodos lineares. Para tanto, aproveita-se o sistema de seleção de eventos do ATLAS, que consiste no conhecimento especialista do sinal de aceitação no primeiro nível de trigger (L1A), que discrimina os dados válidos para serem armazenados, ou os dados descartados, e assim possibilita a aplicação ou aprendizado online da Rede Neural Artificial, respectivamente. O aprendizado é definido pela simulação de um sinal central de amplitude conhecida, somado aos sinais ordinários que caracterizam o efeito empilhamento. Logo, com os padrões de empilhamento aprendidos, os mesmos podem ser retirados do sinal, recuperando a amplitude de sinais de interesse na etapa de aplicação da Rede Neural Artificial. A eficiência do método proposto apresenta resultados competitivos em relação aos métodos utilizados no contexto de recuperação de energia do calorímetro hadrônico do ATLAS.
A influência da OIT no Brasil (1919-1943)
Authors:   , Barbosa Denilson Gomes
Published: December 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar o impacto da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) no Brasil na formação da legislação trabalhista do país, entre 1919 e 1943. A OIT foi criada em 1919 como um meio de promover o progresso social e solucionar conflitos econômicos através do diálogo e da cooperação. A organização atua, basicamente, através de Convenções, Recomendações, Inspeções e da Conferência Internacional do Trabalho como meios de disseminar padrões internacionais do trabalho entre os países-membros. Desde a criação da OIT, o Brasil já ratificou diversas Convenções e conta com representação no país desde 1950, o que indica a importância da instituição para o país. Embora exista uma ampla produção de pesquisas que desenvolvem uma perspectiva histórica do papel da OIT em diversos países, ainda há uma lacuna a ser preenchida no meio acadêmico brasileiro neste aspecto. Para desenvolver este tipo de estudo, é possível contar com a ampla disponibilidade de documentos oficiais produzidos pela organização. Dentre estes, destacamse as Convenções, Recomendações e Relatórios da OIT. Espera-se traçar uma perspectiva histórica do início do século XX até a promulgação da Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho em 1943, que permita definir a influência da Organização no Brasil e sirva de referência para pesquisas futuras na área de história ou áreas afins.
“Foi na raça”: histórias de professores de português para estrangeiros
Authors:   , Demarchi Mariana de Camargo Bessa
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa trata de experiências narradas e crenças compartilhadas por docentes a respeito de seus processos de formação na área de português para estudantes de outros países. Partiu-se da informação de que a formação específica para se atuar como professor de português para não-nativos não é, ainda hoje, frequente entre os profissionais que atuam na área. O objetivo geral do presente estudo é analisar as experiências e crenças de nove docentes, a fim de compreender como eles aprenderam (e aprendem) a educar linguisticamente os discentes e investigar o modo como quem já atua na docência se insere e se apresenta no mundo do português para estudantes não brasileiros. Com base na perspectiva socioconstrucionista de narrativa (BASTOS, 2005; BRUNER, 1997; LINDE, 1993); nos conceitos de identidade (HALL, 2006; ALVES, 2019) e de crença (BARCELOS, 2006); em construtos da Sociolinguística Interacional - como o conceito de Face de Goffman (1967) – e no conceito de Dêixis (LEVINSON, 1983) como ferramentas analíticas, analisaremos como essas crenças a respeito da formação docente são construídas ao longo de entrevistas. Esse trabalho está inserido na tradição de pesquisa qualitativa de cunho interpretativo (MASON, 1996). A geração de dados ocorreu a partir de dois movimentos. Inicialmente, enviamos um questionário para um grupo de professores e professoras de português para não brasileiros que atuam na coordenação da aplicação do exame CELPE-Bras em instituições do Brasil e de outros países. Em uma segunda etapa, realizamos entrevistas não estruturadas (FONTANA; FREY, 1994) com esses mesmos professores da área de português para estrangeiros. Pudemos notar, a partir das histórias narradas: a força do acaso nas trilhas de formação e a superação das adversidades, já que grande parte dos entrevistados teve uma formação em serviço, na prática; a defesa por uma educação linguística intercultural (MENDES, 2022). Sob o ponto de vista da construção das narrativas, observamos a recorrência de avaliações a respeito das formações dos professores e as tentativas de preservação de face durante as conversas. As falas dos docentes apontam a necessidade de uma maior institucionalização da área e sugerem princípios para percursos formativos de professoras e professores de português para não brasileiros.
Conservative numerical methods to solve the two-phase flow in porous media including foam displacemen
Authors:   , Paula Filipe Fernandes de
Published: December 2024

Esta tese se dedica a investigar numericamente como a heterogeneidade, a gravidade e a adsorção de surfactantes afetam o deslocamento de espuma em um meio poroso saturado com água e gás. A presença de espuma na mistura água-gás atua no controle de mobilidade da fase gasosa, contribuindo para a redução dos efeitos de viscous fingering e da segregação gravitacional. Para modelar estes fenômenos, uma formulação de fluxo fracionário baseada no conceito de pressão global é empregada, resultando em um sistema de equações diferenciais parciais que descrevem dois problemas acoplados de natureza matemática distintas. A metodologia numérica é baseada na divisão do sistema de equações em dois subsistemas que agrupam equações do mesmo tipo e na aplicação de um método de elementos finitos híbridos para resolver o problema hidrodinâmico e um método de volumes finitos de alta ordem para resolver as equações de transporte. Neste sentido, um algoritmo sequencial é proposto utilizando um esquema de aproximação no tempo implícito e adaptativo. Resultados numéricos validam e mostram uma boa eficiência do algoritmo proposto quando confrontado com resultados de laboratório e comparado com técnicas numéricas usualmente empregadas para escoamentos multifásicos. Além disso, simulações computacionais em cenários complexos, que envolvem heterogeneidades, gravidade, compressibilidade do gás e fenômenos de adsorção mostram a notável capacidade da espuma de aumentar a eficiência de varredura quando comparado ao escoamento na ausência de espuma.
O papel da dieta hiperlipídica na proteção contra a malária cerebral experimental
Authors:   ,   https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/16302, Soares Sara Malaguti Andrade
Published: December 2024

É bem estabelecido que mudanças na dieta podem ter um impacto significativo no sistema imunológico, e que modificações no balanço lipídico podem contribuir para a progressão de diversos tipos de doenças. A malária é uma preocupação global e o desenvolvimento da doença já foi relacionado com o estado nutricional do hospedeiro. Portanto, se torna crucial compreender como fatores ambientais, nesse caso, o consumo alimentar, pode influenciar na infecção por parasitas causadores da malária. Com esse objetivo, camundongos machos da linhagem C57Bl/6 foram alimentados por dieta hiperlipídica, com 60% das calorias advindas de lipídeos, por doze semanas ou cinco dias. Após esse período, os animais foram infectados por Plasmodium berghei ANKA ou NK65 e a parasitemia, sobrevivência e sintomas neurológicos foram acompanhados. Considerando que uma das primeiras vias de eliminação do parasita é o estresse oxidativo, foi utilizado um antioxidante, o N-Acetil- Cisteína (NAC) em associação à dieta hiperlipídica, para avaliar se o mesmo efeito na infecção seria observado. Diferente dos animais do grupo controle, que morreram após aproximadamente 8 dias de infecção e 7% de hemácias parasitadas, o grupo alimentado por dieta hiperlipídica, a longo e curto prazo, mesmo tratado com antioxidante, foi resistente a infecção, sem apresentar aumento da parasitemia nem sinais clínicos da doença. Além disso, foi observado aumento das principais citocinas pró inflamatórias como TNF-α, IFN-γ e IL-6 no baço dos animais infectados, independente da dieta. Concluímos, portanto, que a administração de dieta hiperlipídica a curto e longo prazo é capaz de prevenir completamente a infecção por Plasmodium berghei ANKA e que o tratamento com antioxidante não foi capaz de reverter essa proteção.
Entre lembranças, esquecimentos e silenciamentos: trajetória e legado de Itamar Franco
Authors:   , Oliveira Bárbara Vital de Matos
Published: December 2024

O objetivo da presente de tese é investigar e analisar os esforços de preservação da memória e do legado da persona política Itamar Franco na cidade de Juiz de Fora (MG), tendo em vista que esta se constitui como lócus privilegiado para tanto. Assim, a pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, se debruça sobre os principais locais e instrumentos para a manutenção da memória deste homem público e de sua mineiridade, sendo estes, centralmente, a sua biografia autorizada (YAZBECK, 2011), o Memorial da República Presidente Itamar Franco; o Instituto Itamar Franco e a Medalha Itamar Franco. Estruturada em oito capítulos, organizados a partir dos aspectos que se sobressaem, a tese, além da análise documental, tem como norte e escopo os enquadramentos da memória (POLLAK, 1992) e os movimentos de memória/esquecimento (HUYSSEN, 2014) envolvidos nesse processo. Por fim, por não objetivar uma conclusão fechada, a investigação tem como desfecho os apontamentos acerca de como essa construção mnemônica se consolidou, por um lado, e como continua viva, num movimento incessante, por outro, além de apontar caminhos abertos não apenas para aqueles que queiram se dedicar à figura de Itamar, mas também às pesquisas vindouras que tenham tal debate, e metodologia, como horizonte.
Nanoparticles in Hormonal Regulation of the Female Reproductive System
Authors: Vijayakumar Vandhana , Rathinam Thirumalaikumaran , Deenadhayalan Sakthi Sanjana , Edwin Elizabeth Rani , Harikrishnan Preethi , Balaji Prathiba
Published: December 2024

Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly recognized for their dual roles in both advancing and posing risks to female reproductive health. Owing to their small size and large surface area, NPs can interact with biological systems in ways that may lead to both therapeutic innovations and toxicological concerns. The impact of NPs on the female reproductive system highlights their potential to disrupt hormone signaling pathways and the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, which are crucial for reproductive health. NPs have shown promise in targeted drug delivery systems, improving therapeutic outcomes for conditions such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, and uterine leiomyoma. Advances in nanotechnology have facilitated the development of more sensitive diagnostic tools and innovative treatments, including NP-mediated drug delivery and hyperthermia. However, the accumulation of NPs in reproductive organs raises concerns about their potential toxicity, particularly in terms of oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage. This review underscores the need for further research to fully understand the long-term effects of NPs on female reproductive health and to establish safe exposure limits. Additionally, the potential of NPs in gene therapy and tissue-targeted treatment offers a promising avenue for future clinical applications, with the possibility of revolutionizing the diagnosis and management of reproductive disorders.
Dynamically Cyclic Fe
2+
/Fe
3+
Active Sites as Electron and Proton-Feeding Centers Boosting CO
2
Photoreduction Powered by Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Lei Ben , Zhou Gaofeng , Gong Zhongyou , Liu Chao , Zhou Ying , Guro Vitaliy P. , Sun Yanjuan , Sheng Jianping , Dong Fan
Published: December 2024

Solar-driven CO
2
photoreduction holds promise for sustainable fuel and chemical productions, but the complex proton-coupled multi-electron transfer processes and sluggish oxidation half-reaction kinetics substantially hinder its efficiency. Here, we devised a rational catalyst design to address these challenges by fabricating ferrocene carboxylic acid-functionalized Cs
3
Sb
2
Br
9
nanocrystals (CSB-Fc NCs), which facilitate simultaneous benzyl alcohol oxidation and CO
2
reduction reactions under visible-light irradiation. The synchronized proton-coupled electron transfer processes between the reduction and oxidation half-reactions on CSB-Fc NCs resulted in a 5-fold increase in the CO
2
reduction rate (45.56 μmol g
−1
h
−1
, 97.9% CO selectivity) and a 5.8-fold enhancement in benzyl alcohol conversion (97.7% selectivity for benzaldehyde) compared to the CSB. In situ Raman and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra revealed that the dynamic Fe
2+
/Fe
3+
redox loop within the Fc unit serves as the actual active site, facilitating the activation of substrate molecules. More importantly, in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry spectroscopy, with isotope labeling of Deuteron-benzyl alcohol and
13
CO
2
, confirmed that proton transfer from the hydroxyl group generates reactive protons at the Fe
2+
/Fe
3+
site, enabling efficient CO
2
photoreduction through subsequent protonation steps. This work offers a cost-effective and efficient approach for synergetic CO
2
photoreduction driven by organic synthesis, advancing solar energy utilization.
Visualization of Hg
2+
Stress on Plant Health at the Subcellular Level Revealed by a Highly Sensitive Fluorescent Sensor
Authors: Asghar Sumeera , Yu Zhenyang , Zhu Zheng , Zheng Dengyue , Zhao Zimo , Xu Yuming , Liu Xiao , Yuan Chao , Li Yan , Wang Wei , Xu Jianfeng , Teng Huailong , Li Jun , Yang Wen-Chao , Chen Chunli
Published: December 2024

The presence of Hg
2+
causes substantial stress to plants, adversely affecting growth and health by disrupting cell cycle divisions, photosynthesis, and ionic homeostasis. Accurate visualization of the spatiotemporal distribution of Hg
2+
in plant tissues is crucial for the management of Hg pollution; however, the related research is still at its early stage. Herein, a small-molecule amphiphilic fluorescent probe (termed
LJTP2
) was developed for the specific detection of Hg
2+
with a high sensitivity (~16 nM). Fluorescent imaging applications with
LJTP2
not only detected the dynamic distribution of Hg
2+
within plant cells at the subcellular level but also enabled the understanding of cell membrane health under Hg
2+
stress. This study introduces a valuable imaging tool for elucidating the molecular mechanism of Hg
2+
stress in plants, demonstrating the potential of the application of small-molecule fluorescent probes in plant science.
Challenges and Prospects of Personalized Healthcare Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Li Guoqun , Fan Xingce , Tang Xiao , Zhao Xing , Hao Qi , Li Jiaqi , Qiu Teng
Published: December 2024

Personalized healthcare monitoring is a transformative tool for preventing potential risks and enhancing health status, particularly through molecular-level insights. Advances in nanotechnology, smart devices, and artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized personalized healthcare, especially in point-of-care testing (POCT), enabling early detection and timely intervention. Recently, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology, particularly with flexible chips, has shown immense promise in this field due to its in situ, rapid, specific, and efficient detection capabilities. In this review, we highlight recent advancements in flexible SERS chips for personalized healthcare monitoring, demonstrating their effectiveness in target sampling and detection. Importantly, we provide a comprehensive overview of potential applications of flexible SERS chips in personalized healthcare, address current challenges, and propose future development directions. We also explore the future development of miniaturized Raman devices to broaden their applications in personalized healthcare monitoring. Additionally, we underscore the important role of AI in enhancing data processing and analysis. Our aim is to offer a thorough guide on integrating SERS into personalized healthcare monitoring, promising a new era of health management.
Shaping Perceptions: A Study of Ukraine and Ukrainians in Slovak Media throughout Two Years of War
Authors: Kitsa Mariana
Published: December 2024

This article presents the results of quantitative, qualitative and comparative analysis of the portrayal of Ukraine and Ukrainians in the Slovak media, shedding light on the nuanced dynamics of cross-border perceptions and media representations. The main method of research was a content analysis of two Slovak media – Denník N and Hospodárske noviny. The print and online versions of these media were examined for November and December 2022 and 2023, and April 2024. In total, 600 publications were examined in detail (N = 600). The findings reveal a complex and multifaceted picture of how Ukraine and its people are depicted in the Slovak media. The analysis identifies recurring themes of the war in Ukraine from different aspects, such as the situation on the battlefield, the humanitarian crisis, the attitude to the refugees, etc. The typical topics, genres as well as the image of Ukrainians are outlined.
Influencing Consumer Decisions on Instagram: The Differential Impact of Posts and Stories across the EKB Model
Authors: Silveira Paulo Duarte , Chawla Yash , Xara-Brasil Duarte
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the differential impact of Instagram influencers’ posts and stories on consumer decision-making across the five stages of the Engel-Kollat-Blackwell (EKB) model. Using a survey of 987 Instagram users, we examine how these two content formats influence need recognition, information search, alternative evaluation, purchase decision, and post-purchase behaviour. Our findings reveal that influencers primarily impact the early stages of the decision-making process, with stories being more effective than posts in triggering need recognition and facilitating information search. However, the influence diminishes in later stages, suggesting that other factors play a more significant role in the actual purchase and post-purchase evaluation. This study contributes to the literature on influencer marketing and consumer behaviour by extending the EKB model to the digital age and highlighting the unique ways in which different content formats can shape consumer journeys. The findings offer valuable insights for marketers and influencers seeking to optimise their Instagram strategies.
Infrastructure Analysis of Long-term Care for Elderly Adults in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Jafari Mahdi , Raoofi Samira , Khodayari Zarnaq Rahim , Mobasseri Khorshid , Ghasemyani Shabnam
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To analyze the challenges and dimensions of long-term care (LTC) infrastructure in Iran’s health system. Design: Exploratory qualitative content analysis. Setting(s): Iran’s health system. Participants: Individuals with a minimum of five years of experience in geriatric care, LTC, and health systems, as well as at least a master’s degree in health system management. Outcome Measures: The data on challenges and dimensions related to the LTC infrastructure in Iran’s health system were gathered through 15 semi-structured interviews. Results: The challenges of LTC infrastructure in the health system of Iran were divided into two main themes (physical and human resources) and four sub-themes (lack of skilled and trained human resources, lack of attention to older adults in the training of specialists, the inappropriateness of LTC facilities, and weakness of LTC infrastructure). In addition, the planning and development of human resources, use of human resources, and development of specialized facilities and community-based care were identified as the sub-themes of the components. Conclusions: The training of specialized human resources, the updating of medical science curricula according to demographic changes, and the formation of multidisciplinary specialized teams to assess care needs and provide services are among the most important measures to provide human resource infrastructure. Moreover, designing LTC facilities at different levels and using the capacity of primary healthcare centers are among the most important measures to provide physical infrastructure that should be prioritized.
Intention to Leave the Profession in Nursing: A Hybrid Concept Analysis
Authors: Dabaghi Sahar , Nabizadeh-Gharghozar Zohreh , Amanibani Armin
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Leaving the profession is a major challenge in all organizations throughout the world. Intention to leave the profession (ILP) is what individuals perceive about leaving the profession. Nurses’ perceptions of ILP are context-based and hence, studies in different contexts are needed to further explore ILP. The aim of this study was to analyze the concept of ILP, determine its attributes, antecedents, consequences, and provide a clear definition for it. Methods: This concept analysis was done using the hybrid model. In the theoretical phase, Magiran, Iran Medex, SID, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and CINAHL databases were searched to retrieve ILP-related studies published in 2000–2023. In the fieldwork phase, semi-structured interviews were held with twenty nurses and nursing managers and the data were analyzed through conventional content analysis. In the final analysis phase, the results of the two former phases were compared and integrated. Results: ILP can be defined as "a voluntary and gradual process occurred due to professional disinterest, negative professional attitude, and unmanaged organizational stress and is associated with reduced job motivation, fatigue, and thoughts about leaving the profession which eventually leads to decision about staying in or leaving the organization". Conclusion: ILP is affected by many different personal, interpersonal, occupational, professional, organizational, environmental, and social antecedents and is associated with different patient, nurse, care-related, and organizational consequences. Nursing authorities and managers need to employ strategies to manage ILP antecedents and thereby, reduce nurses’ ILP.
Colorimetric changes of zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate with varied thicknesses under UV aging conditions
Authors: Abdelhameed AbdelRahman Moammad , Mohammed Hussein Ramadam , El Kouedi Ahmad Mohammad Yousri
Published: December 2024

Background. Zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate (ZLD) is a promising material for esthetic dental restorations due to its strength, translucency, and color stability. However, its durability under accelerated aging conditions needs further investigation. The present in vitro study evaluated the effect of UV accelerated aging on the translucency and color stability of ZLD at varying thicknesses, using IPS e.max Press (LD) as a reference. Methods. Seventy-two samples were divided into two groups: high translucent (HT) Vita Ambria (ZLD) and IPS e.max Press (LD) (n=36, each). Each group was further subdivided into four thicknesses: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm (n=9). The samples were fabricated, polished, and subjected to UV weathering for 384 hours, simulating one year of clinical service. Translucency and color changes were assessed using a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20, with independent t-test, paired t-test, and one-way ANOVA at a significance level of P≤0.05. Results. Vita Ambria exhibited significantly higher translucency before and after aging compared to IPS e.max press at all thicknesses (P=0.000). In both materials, translucency decreased when the thickness increased (P=0.000), observed before and after UV aging. Vita Ambria also displayed a greater color change (ΔE=2000) compared to IPS e.max press across all thicknesses (P=0.000). Conclusion. ZLD exhibited higher translucency than LD before and after accelerated artificial aging, indicating that the accelerated aging process adversely impacted the optical properties of the tested material. However, LD demonstrated superior color stability.
Erosive potential of children’s chewable vitamin supplements: An in vitro investigation
Authors: Lertsooksawat Wannee , Tanjaruphan Yanisa , Chaima Thanawat , Lerdpibulchai Thanawat , Wittayathawornwong Tanawan , Teanchai Chayada , Surarit Rudee , Horsophonphong Sivaporn
Published: December 2024

Background. Chewable vitamins are dietary supplements in which vitamins are combined with a flavor that appeals to children. The acidic nature of some vitamins and some flavoring agents may cause dental erosion. We investigated the effect of children’s chewable vitamin supplements on the loss of minerals in teeth. Methods. Forty-two human tooth enamel samples were prepared and randomly assigned to seven groups (n=6). Six groups contained different chewable vitamin tablets dissolved in deionized water, and a control group contained only deionized water. Each tablet was ground before its dissolution, and its pH was measured. Each tooth sample was immersed in a vitamin solution and artificial saliva in periodic cycles for 14 days. Each sample was weighed before and after immersion to calculate its weight loss percentage. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the morphology of the enamel surfaces. For statistical analysis, the weight loss percentages between groups were compared using Welch’s ANOVA, followed by post hoc Dunnett’s T3 analysis (P<0.05). Results. All the tested supplements were acidic, with a pH range of 2.99‒4.77. Most of the vitamin groups tested led to significant weight loss; it was greater for the vitamin C groups than the multivitamin groups. Scanning electron microscopy revealed erosion and destruction of enamel surfaces following vitamin exposure. Conclusion. All the chewable vitamin supplements were acidic, with the majority potentially eroding enamel. The erosive potential was less pronounced in vitamin supplements containing minerals.
Spreading of dengue virus infection cases in Malda district of West Bengal, India during COVID-19 pandemic situation (2020 to 2022): A cross-sectional study
Authors: Saha Puranjay , Saha Poulami , Das Gupta Subhayan , Chattopadhyay Dwiptirtha , Das Subham
Published: December 2024

Introduction: One of the most widespread arboviral infections is caused by the dengue virus (Family: Flaviviridae) having a positive sense single-stranded RNA genome. It causes common symptoms like fever with headache, rashes, and other associated features like thrombocytopenia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of dengue virus infection and serotype dominance in the Malda district, West Bengal, India. Methods: During January 2020 to December 2022, the fever cases visited out-patient department or admitted to in-patient department at Malda Medical College were assessed for the presence of dengue NS1 antigen (fever<5 days) along with dengue IgM (fever≥5 days) in serum by ELISA. Serotype(s) of the dengue NS1-positive patients was determined using RT-qPCR. Results: The results revealed NS1 positivity to be 2.94% in 2020, 6.50% in 2021 and an increase up to 7.36% in 2022. Dengue IgM positivity was 0.35% in 2020, 5.59% in 2021 and reached 10.89% in 2022. During this period, the male population was infected more than the female. In 2020, the age-group<15 years was mostly infected (43%), while the age-group of 15-30 years accounted for the highest rate in 2021 (38%) and 2022 (34%). The serotyping data revealed that DENV-2 was most prevalent (60%), while some mixed infections (10%) with DENV-1 and DENV-3, were also found. Conclusion: Dengue infection is a major concern in this region and the rate of infection is continuously increasing yearly. DENV-2 serotype was found most predominant. Appropriate prevention along with proper awareness among the population, is utmost necessary.
The role of health literacy in enhancing preventive healthcare: A comprehensive review of challenges, interventions, and future directions
Authors: Abdi Almachavan Soheila
Published: December 2024

Health literacy is a fundamental aspect of healthcare, influencing an individual’s ability to understand, access, and apply health information to make informed decisions. In preventive healthcare, higher health literacy is crucial for promoting healthy behaviors and improving overall health outcomes. This review explores the multidimensional nature of health literacy, examining its role in disease prevention and its impact on access to preventive services. While individuals with greater health literacy are more likely to engage in preventive behaviors, low health literacy is associated with poor health outcomes, decreased utilization of preventive measures, and increased healthcare costs. The challenges of promoting health literacy are multifaceted, including barriers related to the complexity of health information, cultural and socioeconomic disparities, and inadequate tools for measuring health literacy in specific populations. This review also highlights key interventions and programs designed to enhance health literacy, such as community-based initiatives, educational strategies, and digital health tools.
Optimal Debt Ratio and Investment-Consumption Strategies with Taxation in the Presence of Jump Risks
Authors: Ibe C. B. , Daudu O. E.
Published: December 2024

This paper derives an optimal debt ratio, consumption rate and investment strategies with taxation for an investor who invest under four background risks: investment, taxation, income and jump risks. The underlying assets considered in this paper are a riskless and risky asset. The risky asset is assumed to follow a jump-diffusion process. We also assume that the income growth rate and tax payment of the investor follow a jump-diffusion process. The aim of the investor is to derive the wealth-after-tax process. The wealth-after-tax process of the investor is taken to be the difference between the wealth-before-tax and the tax payment processes of the investor. The resulting wealth-after-tax process of the investor was solved using dynamic programming approach. As a result, we derive the optimal investment strategies, optimal debt ratio and optimal consumption rate for the investor over time by assuming that the investor chooses a power utility function. The optimal investment strategies were found to involve four components: a speculative portfolio, a tax risks hedging portfolio strategy, an income growth rate risks hedging portfolio strategy and a risk-free fund that holds only the riskless asset. Interestingly, we found that before loan is taken or given, the following must be considered: interest rate on loan to be taken or given, the nominal interest rate, income growth rate, coefficient of the investor willingness to bear the risk of taking debt. We also found that as the income growth rate of the investor increases, the debt profile of the investor decreases. We observe that as the coefficient of risk aversion with respect to debt ratio tends to unity, the amount of debt will be unbearable. It was also observed that the higher an investor willingness to bear the risk of taking debt, the smaller the optimal debt ratio of the investor over time. We further found that when tax rate increases, consumption rate decreases and vice versa. To ascertain the validity of our models, data were collected from six companies in Nigerian Stocks Exchange, and SPSS package was used to analyze the data. Some empirical results were obtained in this paper, using MATLAB software.
SOVIET RURAL HEALTHCARE IN THE LATE 1920S – THE 2ND HALF OF THE 1930S IN THE WORK OF WESTERN AND DOMESTIC OBSERVERS
Authors: Khristenko Dmitrii N.
Published: December 2024

This article describes the development of healthcare in the Soviet village in the late 1920s – the 2nd half of the 1930s. Topicality of the study stems from the need to fill one of the serious gaps in the study of the agrarian history of Russia by turning to the little-studied document base based on the testimony of Soviet and foreign observers. The study of these materials allows us to examine in detail the key points of creating rural healthcare system in the Soviet Union practically from scratch. Foreign eyewitnesses claimed a real social achievement in medical care for the peasantry, which was confirmed by domestic eyewitnesses. Particularly important are the observations of the American physician and medical historian Henry Ernest Sigerist, who argued about the formation of a special philosophical model of public health in the USSR, forming the basis of Soviet healthcare.
LIVE FOLK-COLLOQUIAL SPEECH IN THE WORKS OF WRITERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE KOSTROMA REGION
Authors: Volkov Sergey S.
Published: December 2024

In 2024, seven books were published in the series «Kostroma Dialects: Materials and Research», developed by N.S. Gantsovskaya, G.D. Neganova and T.V. Osipenko within the framework of the educational and scientific research laboratory «Lexicology and Lexicography» of Kostroma State University: three monographs, two dialect dictionaries, an ethnodialect dictionary-textbook and a study guide. This scientific and publishing project can be attributed to one of the largest in modern Russian philology. Its multidimensional nature is truly impressive, and its relevance, scientific value and social significance are beyond doubt. The published review is a review of one of the publications of the project – the collective monograph «The Folk Speech of the Kostroma Region in the Works of Writers».