bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relación entre índice y carga glucémica con el porcentaje de grasa corporal en mujeres de la Guácima de Alajuela en Costa Rica, 2020
Authors: Chinchilla-Campos Yendri , Salazar-Chinchilla Patricia , Ortiz-Acosta Paola
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Relacionar el consumo de alimentos según índice glucémico y carga glucémica con el porcentaje de grasa corporal en mujeres de 20 a 59 años de edad de la Guácima de Alajuela en el 2020. Metodología: Estudio no experimental, de corte transversal, tipo descriptivo y correlacional. Se realiza con 100 mujeres de 20 a 59 años de edad de la Guácima de Alajuela. Para la evaluación dietética se utiliza una frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y se toman las mediciones antropométricas para valorar el IMC, porcentaje de grasa corporal y riesgo cardiovascular. Resultados: El 73% de las mujeres presenta porcentajes de grasa corporal elevados. La mayoría de las mujeres tiene un consumo de alimentos diario de alta carga glucémica (59%) y de moderado índice glucémico (62%), representado su consumo en su mayoría por mujeres con porcentaje de grasa corporal elevado. Los tres alimentos más consumidos diariamente son el arroz blanco, el azúcar de mesa y los frijoles, mayormente consumidos por las mujeres con porcentajes de grasa corporal por encima del rango adecuado. Conclusión: Existe asociación entre el consumo diario de alimentos según carga glucémica y el porcentaje de grasa corporal, pero, no se encuentra asociación según el índice glucémico, por lo que, mantener dietas de alta carga glucémica quizás pueda contribuir con porcentajes de grasa corporal elevados.
Ideas erróneas sobre el COVID-19: una encuesta transversal en línea, Costa Rica, 2020.
Authors: Bonilla-Carrión Roger , Evans-Meza Ronald , Salvatierra-Durán Roberto
Published: June 2022

El mundo enfrenta desde hace casi un año la pandemia por el virus SARS Cov-2 (COVID-19), exigiendo con el transcurrir del tiempo mayores respuestas de salud pública y de educación para la salud para controlarla y mitigar los daños en la salud de las personas. Existe una gran cantidad de información en internet; sin embargo, no toda la información disponible procede de fuentes académicas, ni mucho menos posee la solidez y veracidad, conllevando a gran desinformación. Se realizó un estudio transversal en línea, encontrando que existen diferencias en la concepción y/o conocimiento de la enfermedad, prevención y tratamiento, según sexo y edad; algunas ideas erróneas se encuentran muy arraigadas en la población costarricense.
Síndromes geriátricos: caídas, incontinencia y deterioro cognitivo
Authors: Parada-Peña Karen , Rodríguez-Morera Mauricio , Otoya-Chaves Fiorella , Loaiza-Quirós Kevin , León-Quirós Stephanie
Published: June 2022

Los síndromes geriátricos son una condición no clínica del adulto mayor caracterizada por múltiples causas que abarca un grupo de signos y síntomas que ocurren juntos de manera variable y que usualmente presentan una causa multifactorial y de fondo heterogéneo. La detección y diagnósticos de ellos puede ayudar a disminuir el deterioro funcional y la pérdida de independencia que conllevan en el adulto mayor. Además, permitirá plantear estrategias y acciones prioritarias para lograr un envejecimiento saludable a fin de proporcionar una mejor calidad de vida.  Debido a la alta prevalencia y aumento en la población de adultos mayores a nivel mundial, en esta revisión de tema se hará énfasis en la epidemiología, etiología, características clínicas, diagnóstico, prevención y manejo de distintos síndromes geriátricos con el objetivo de proporcionar información útil para el diagnóstico oportuno y eficaz, así como el tratamiento de los mismos enfocado principalmente en caídas, incontinencia y deterioro cognitivo.
Análisis geográfico de la morbilidad del COVID-19 en Costa Rica, 2020-2021
Authors: Bonilla-Carrión Roger , Evans-Meza Ronald , Salvatierra-Durán Roberto
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Identificar los conglomerados geográficos de morbilidad por COVID-19 en Costa Rica durante el primer año de pandemia. Métodos: Se analizaron los casos de morbilidad por COVID-19 entre el 06 de Marzo del 2020 y el 06 de Marzo del 2021. Se calculó la tasa de morbilidad dividiendo los casos (acumulados) entre la población y multiplicando por mil habitantes y la distribución geográfica fue mapeada para los 82 cantones de Costa Rica. Se realizó un escaneo geográfico (space scan) para detectar conglomerados de COVID-19 entre los cantones de Costa Rica, asumiendo la distribución de Poisson. Resultados: El escaneo geográfico identificó 10 conglomerados de altas tasas de morbilidad de COVID-19: San José y Alajuelita (RR=1.84, p=0.00), Limón Central (RR=1.51, p=0.00), Heredia y Alajuela (RR=1.14, p=0.00), Corredores (RR=1.49, p=0.00), Siquirres (RR=1.34, p=0.00), Garabito (RR=1.45, p=0.00), Alfaro Ruiz (RR=1.35, p=0.00), Cartago (RR=1.04, p=0.00), San Carlos (RR=1.05, p=0.00) y Montes de Oro (RR=1.19, p=0.00). Conclusión: Durante el primer año de pandemia de COVID-19 en Costa Rica, los casos no se distribuyeron de forma homogénea en el país, por el contrario, se detectaron conglomerados de altas tasas de morbilidad. La disparidad geográfica de los casos de COVID-19 deben alertar a las organizaciones de salud pública para implementar medidas en esos conglomerados geográficos y hacer conciencia en la población para evitar la transmisión comunitaria del COVID-19.
Retorno a prácticas clínicas en centros hospitalarios públicos de Costa Rica: análisis epidemiológico y perspectivas
Authors: Pérez-Fallas Jose Daniel , Alvarado Yazlin , Siri-Adema Carlos , Montealegre-Lobo Ignacio , Cordero-Solís Juan Jose , Zamora-Chaves Daniela , Romero-Chaves Daniela
Published: June 2022

La pandemia ocasionada por el virus SARS – CoV2, ha presentado una serie de retos en todos los aspectos del día a día de la humanidad, una de sus afectaciones más importantes se da sobre la enseñanza de medicina y otras carreras de ciencias de la salud sobretodo en el contexto de las prácticas hospitalarias. Si bien es cierto a nivel de pregrado es posible optar por estrategias de enseñanza – aprendizaje alternativas, es evidente que el aprendizaje al lado del paciente no es sustituible en su totalidad. En Costa Rica esta afectación se extiende de manera drástica al año de internado rotatorio universitario, el cual aun no es retomado en su totalidad en los hospitales públicos del país a pesar de que se cuenta con evidencia de la baja transmisión del virus en personal de salud y sus allegados. Estos hospitales son los principales centros de rotación de estudiantes de ciencias de la salud a nivel nacional. El comportamiento epidemiológico de la pandemia tiende a la disminución, los internos de medicina han sido capacitados y se han desarrollado protocolos para su reingreso seguro, por lo que se considera un momento propicio para retomar este importante proceso académico.
Universidad Hispanoamericana y la pandemia por Covid-19
Authors: Evans-Meza Ronald
Published: June 2022

Finalizando el mes de marzo 2020, nuestro pequeño equipo de investigación se reunió con los directores de la carrera de medicina de la Universidad Hispanoamericana (UH), para proponer la elaboración de un monitoreo semanal de la pandemia por Covid-19, que ya iniciaba su tortuoso andar en Costa Rica. Ofrecimos encargarnos de tal tarea y solicitamos que la publicación se gestionara ante la dirección de mercadeo de la universidad, para que aparte de nuestros canales de difusión de información médica, pudiéramos llegar a más amplios sectores de la población, a través de las redes institucionales. Nuestra propuesta fue aceptada y sin perder tiempo, sacamos el primer número de las notas pandémicas, a las que denominamos “una pandemia en perspectiva”.
Alteraciones del sueño durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Lazo-Sevilla Álvaro
Published: June 2022

Señor Editor. A estas alturas de la pandemia por COVID-19, no es sorprendente hablar del impacto que esta tiene sobre todas las esferas de nuestras vidas. En esta ocasión me gustaría referirme a un área un tanto inexplorada en medicina, el sueño, que también se ha visto muy afectado.

El sueño es un componente esencial de nuestras vidas y cualquier alteración de este puede resultar en graves problemas de salud física y mental. Es un estado notoriamente fácil de alterar, ya que puede afectarse por patologías sistémicas y por situaciones de importante estrés, incluyendo desastres naturales o guerras. Por supuesto, la pandemia es una situación de esta naturaleza.
Síndrome de desgaste ocupacional en médicos: una revisión narrativa
Authors: Alvarado-Ferllini Mónica , Delgado-Castro Liseth Gabriela , Benavides-Villalobos José Daniel
Published: June 2022

El síndrome de desgaste ocupacional es un término que tomó auge a partir del siglo anterior, cuando finalmente se empezó a utilizar en el área clínica, a partir de entonces, el término se ha mantenido en un continuo proceso de transformación, pasando de ser considerado inicialmente una moda a ser incorporado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud dentro de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades como un síndrome resultado del estrés crónico en el lugar de trabajo. En el caso específico de los médicos, estos tienen una prevalencia más alta que otros grupos, relacionado con numerosos factores de la práctica clínica y el ambiente laboral. Debido a esto, es primordial que los médicos identifiquen que se encuentran en riesgo y se mantengan alertas ante las manifestaciones de este síndrome antes de que progrese, además, deben estar conscientes del riesgo que este síndrome representa para el sistema de salud, sus allegados, sus pacientes y el médico como individuo, tomando como parte fundamental la prevención más que el tratamiento.
Moringa oleífera como fuente de hierro natural: estudio de aceptabilidad de productos modificados, San José, Costa Rica
Authors: Jirón-Popova Yaroslava , Rivera-Torres Angiel
Published: June 2022

La anemia ferropénica se relaciona con la disminución de glóbulos rojos debida a la falta de hierro. Para prevenirla se puede utilizar polvo de hojas de Moringa oleífera que tiene elevado contenido de hierro. Objetivo: elaborar un producto de repostería fuente de hierro natural y de aceptación en la población. Métodos: Se formula un producto control y dos modificados con 2.7% y 4.8% de concentración de polvo de hojas. Se midió la aceptabilidad mediante análisis estadístico. Se calculó el valor nutricional con tablas de composición. Se determinó el contenido de hierro, por método analítico. Se evaluaron rangos de edad, hábitos alimentarios, frecuencia de consumo de la planta e intención de compra. Resultados: El producto control tiene mayor aceptabilidad en la población que no consume la planta (7.1 ± 1.63, p<0.05). El producto modificado receta 1 es más aceptable (6.93 ± 1.69, p<0.05) que la receta 2 (5.97 ± 1.51, p<0.05) en la población que si consume la planta. La aceptabilidad se evaluó considerando atributos sensoriales con una muestra constituida por 100 mujeres, con edades de 20-59 años. El 55% de las mujeres desconocen los beneficios del polvo de hojas y solo un 33% la consume en diferentes presentaciones. Conclusión: El producto modificado receta 1 con 2.7% de concentración de polvo de hojas de Moringa oleífera es alto en hierro y tiene mayor aceptabilidad e intensión de compra en la población que consume la planta; por el contrario, el producto control es más aceptable en la población que no la consume.
Gambaran Self Regulated Learning Pada Mahasiswa Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hendrika Dhea Safira
Published: June 2022

Virus COvid-19 sedang menjadi perhatian dunia termasuk di Indonesia sehingga pemerintah mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan untuk mencegah penyebaran virus Covid-19. Kebijakan tersebut diantaranya penetapan PSBB (pembatasan sosial skala besar) sehingga semua kegiatan dialihkan ke rumah atau Work From Home (WFH) termasuk kegiatan perkulihan, dialihkan menjadi pembelajan via online. Karena dipindahkannya proses perkuliahan ke rumah menjadikan mahasiswa dituntut untuk mengelola serta mengatur belajarnya sendiri (Self Regulated Learning) selama masa Covid-19. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunkan angket dan disebarkan secara onlien melalui google form. Penelitian ini menggunkan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan subjek penelitian mahasiswa angkatan 2017, 2019, dan 2018, jurusan psikologi Universitas Negeri Padang. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa self regulated learning pada mahasiswa berada pada kategori sedang dengan persentase sebesar 61,4%, kategori tinggi dengan persentase 38,6%. hel ini menunjukkan bahwa pada umunya mahasiswa sudah memahami dan melaksanakan self regulated learning pada kegiatan perkulihaan selama masa pandemi.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Problem Solving Untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Dan Prestasi Belajar
Authors: Dakhi Oskah
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kreativitas dan prestasi belajar mahasiswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Cooperative Problem Solving yang di dukung oleh Hierarki Konsep pada mata kuliah Pengantar Teknologi Informasi. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus memiliki empat tahap: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitiannya adalah kelas Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi semester I FKIP Universitas Budidarma yang berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan, wawancara, studi dokumen, kuesioner, dan tes. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran cooperative problem solving yang di dukung oleh Hierarki Konsep dapat meningkatkan kreativitas dan prestasi pembelajaran mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Pengantar Teknologi Informasi pada mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi. Pada Siklus I, persentase kreativitas mahasiswa mencapai 60% dan meningkat menjadi 96,67% pada Siklus II. Persentase penyelesaian aspek pembelajaran pengetahuan mahasiswa dalam Siklus I adalah 56,67% dan meningkat menjadi 86,67% pada Siklus II. Persentase penyelesaian aspek pembelajaran sikap mahasiswa pada Siklus I adalah 93,33%, dan pada Siklus II meningkat menjadi 100%, dan penyelesaian aspek pembelajaran keterampilan mahasiswa meningkat dari 93,33% menjadi 100%.
Work Hours & Income Tax Cuts
Authors: Simkovic Michael , Allen Eric
Published: June 2022

We investigate how income tax reductions affect work hours. Our empirical strategy relies on the fact that, in states where taxpayers can deduct federal tax payments from state taxable income, federal tax changes are dampened. We study 2003 tax reforms (JGTRRA) that dramatically reduced federal tax rates on dividends and capital gains, and moderately reduced rates on ordinary income. Difference-in-Difference analysis indicates that work hours decreased most among high income and wealthy taxpayers who were most directly affected by the tax reductions. The decrease in hours was larger for residents of states in which the effective tax reductions were larger. Conversely, we find possible evidence that larger ordinary income tax rate reductions in the 1980s, accompanied by effective tax increases on capital gains, had the opposite effect and induced an increase in work hours. These results suggest that the effect of tax reductions may depend on the type of income targeted.
Resolving the Conflicts of Citizenship Taxation
Authors: Nielsen Grace
Published: June 2022

The United States is the only country in the world to exercise taxing jurisdiction over the income of its citizens and long-term permanent residents, even when they reside abroad. This citizenship-based taxation (CBT) is controversial, especially among tax scholars, though there appears to be only limited political appetite for realigning U.S. tax jurisdiction to reach only domestic-source and domestic-resident income, as peer countries do. After reviewing the normative value of CBT and the existing multiple taxation mitigation measures, this Article presents two alternatives to the current U.S. regime. First, I propose the U.S. tax only the incomes of current-year residents and recent expatriates but exempt the foreign-source income of nonresident citizens after a five-year extended residency period in order to more closely correlate tax jurisdiction and nonresidents’ meaningful connections to the American taxing community. Recognizing that this may be politically infeasible, however, I propose that Congress uncap the existing foreign earned income exclusion in IRC § 911 for American expatriates living in high-tax countries, reducing their substantial compliance burdens without sacrificing revenue that would effectively be eliminated by the foreign tax credit or creating new opportunities for tax-motivated expatriations.
Trends in Molecular Aspects and Therapeutic Applications of Drug Repurposing for Infectious Diseases
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Theengh Angila , Kumar Swatantra , K. Maurya Vimal , Kumar Santosh , Puri Bipin , K. Saxena Shailendra
Published: June 2022

The pharmaceutical industry has undergone a severe economic crunch in antibiotic discovery research due to evolving bacterial resistance along with enormous time and money that gets consumed in de novo drug design and discovery strategies. Nevertheless, drug repurposing has evolved as an economically safer and excellent alternative strategy to identify approved drugs for new therapeutic indications. Virtual high throughput screening (vHTS) and phenotype-based high throughput screening (HTS) of approved molecules play a crucial role in identifying, developing, and repurposing old drug molecules into anti-infective agents either alone or in synergistic combination with antibiotic therapy. This chapter briefly explains the process of drug repurposing/repositioning in comparison to de novo methods utilizing vHTS and HTS technologies along with ‘omics- and poly-pharmacology-based drug repurposing strategies in the identification and development of anti-microbial agents. This chapter also gives an insightful survey of the intellectual property landscape on drug repurposing. Further, the challenges and applications of drug repurposing strategies in the discovery of anti-infective drugs are exemplified. The future perspectives of drug repurposing in the context of anti-infective agents are also discussed.
The Czech School Foundation in Volhynia, 1921–1939
Authors: Vaculík Jaroslav
Published: June 2022

It was certainly a great merit of the Czech School Foundation (CSF) that it undertook the difficult task of organizing Czech private education in Volhynia in accordance with the provisions of the Czechoslovak-Polish Treaty. The most difficult thing was to overcome the lack of funds, which were being obtained in the form of regular fund-raising collections once or twice a year and extraordinary fund-raising events on various occasions – parties, weddings, baptisms, etc. The Czech education system in Volhynia also received material assistance (textbooks, pupils’ libraries, teachers) from the school administration of the Czechoslovak Republic and from Comenius, the Association for the Support of Czechoslovak Foreign Schools.
Comparison of the documentaries and its use in the teaching of history
Authors: Polubňáková Petra
Published: June 2022

The aim of the presented study is to compare two documentaries that deal with the same personality – Klement Gottwald – President of the Czechoslovak Republic in the years 1948–1953. Based on selected films we want to analyse how the current social situation, state regime, results stemming from history knowledge and current history education are reflected in their content. For this reason, we chose a documentary from the Descendants and Ancestors series called Klement Gottwald made in 1986, as well as a documentary from the Red Presidents series called Unified in Fear – Klement Gottwald in 2018, since the aim was to compare images published before and after 1989.2 At the same time, we look at the issue from a didactic point of view, when we present specific possibilities of using the comparison of documentary films in history teaching. At the beginning, we briefly define what a documentary is. Next, we introduce the personality of Klement Gottwald from the point of view of modern historiography, and for an overview we name and briefly inform about some documentary films that were made about him. Subsequently, we focus on the basic data for the selected images and then we move on to the comparison itself, where we focus among other things, on pointing out the influence of communist propaganda. In this section we focus on specific common or different features of both documents and analyse them in detail. Finally, we offer several alternatives for the application of the comparison of documentary films in educational practice.
Pandemi Sürecinde Bilişim Teknolojisinin Kullanımının Öğretmen Yetiştirmede ve Eğitiminde Artan Önemi
Authors: ATEŞ Haydar
Published: June 2022

Eğitim kurumları toplumsal yapı ve çevreyle olan yakın etkileşimleri nedeniyle açık sistemler kategorisinde yer alır. Her sistemde olduğu gibi eğitim sistemi bileşenlerinde “girdi”, “süreç”, “çıktı”, “geri besleme” ve yakın etkileşim içinde olduğu “çevre” alt sistemleri vardır. Eğitim alt sistemlerinden işlemlerin yoğun olarak görüldüğü “süreç” ele alındığında “yönetim”, “öğretim”, “kültürel” ve “politik” olmak üzere ana temeller üzerine yapılandırmış bir yapı karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Uluslararası kurumlar tarafından hazırlanan raporlarda, eğitim sisteminin eksenini oluşturan öğretmenlerin, öğrencinin akademik başarısında en önemli rolü oynadığı tespit edilmiştir. 2020 yılında yaşanan pandemi süreci, yüz yüze eğitimin kesintiye uğraması durumunda uzaktan eğitim teknikleriyle eğitimi devam ettirmede öğretmenlerin yaratıcılığının ve bilişim teknolojilerini etkin kullanmanın önemini ortaya koymuştur. Eğitim kurumları, bilişim çağında toplumsal yapının temel değişim ve dönüşüm unsuru olarak merkeze konuşlandırılırken; öğrenci “stratejik insan kaynağı”, öğretmen “stratejik öğretim liderleri” olarak tanımlanmıştır. Çalışmada, problem olarak “Eğitim Süreci”nin alt boyutlarından “öğretmen”in seçilmesi, yetiştirilmesi ve geliştirilmesine yönelik yeni eğilimler, uygulamalar ve pandemi sürecinde alınan dersler dikkate alınarak, bilişim teknolojisinin artan önemi ile öğretmenlerin yetiştirilmesi ve yeterliklerinde bilişim teknolojilerinin yapabileceği katkı ve öneriler ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma “Betimsel” olup, veriler ulusal ve uluslararası alanyazından “Alanyazın Taraması” yöntemiyle toplanmış, toplanan veriler “Tema esaslı” olarak gruplandırılmış, bu veri grupları analiz edilmek suretiyle bulgu ve yorumlara ulaşılmıştır.
A Dragon’s Perspective
Authors: Bohn Seth ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: June 2022

Can incorrect actions (done in ignorance) still be honorable? To what extent do you have an obligation to meet and access evil, before vilifying it? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Sir Timult has committed himself to killing all the dragons remaining in the world. In fact, he has already killed several and is ready to kill the greatest of them all, “Deathwing.” However, upon entering Deathwing’s chamber he is invited by the dragon to first sit and talk. Sir Timult agrees, and learns that dragons frequently transform into humans and live among them. In fact, Sir Timult learns, some of the greatest healers, poets, and thinkers of his time were slayed by his own hands while they were in dragon form. Deathwing, in human form, is Lawrence the Weaver, a kind old man renowed for his weaving ability. In fact, Sir Timult has one of his weavings in his very own house! While some dragons have killed some people, these “evil” dragons have never killed anyone. Sir Timult is struck with grief, and takes his own life.
Mayonnaise
Authors: Hampton Viggy Parr ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: June 2022

What does it mean to be an “all natural” food? To what degree should we determine a food additive is safe before using it mass produced products? In this work of philosophical short fiction, Dr. Loriah Harp works for Natural Light Foods and is the creator of acetylsterolstearate, a food additive that makes Natural Light Mayonnaise possible. She loves the product she helps create and feeds it frequently to her family at meals. Her life was perfect until her son Alex, started having health issues. New results in mice are showing that her additive, and her product, are causing health issues. Loriah wants the product pulled, Jeff, the Natural Light Foods’ CEO does not. Loriah decides to go public with the new information, ending her professional career.
An investigation of sleep profiles in individuals with idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Yakut Yavuz , Pelin Zerrin , Yagci Gozde
Published: June 2022

Objective Sleep behaviors have not been well investigated in individuals with idiopathic scoliosis (IS). This study aimed to investigate sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in individuals with IS and investigate the relationship between sleep parameters and curve magnitude, trunk deformity severity, pain, and emotional status in adolescents with IS.

Material and Methods Ninety-one participants between the ages of 10 and 19 years with IS were included. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and daytime sleepiness was assessed with Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Pain was assessed using the short-form McGill pain questionnaire; the presence or severity of depressive feelings was evaluated using the Beck depression scale.

Results The majority of the participants (64.8%) had poor sleep quality, while daytime sleepiness was within normal limits in most participants (85.7%).The frequency of participants without pain (52.7%) was similar to participants with pain (47.3%). The prevalence of participants with depressed mood was 35.2%. Participants with poor sleep quality were more likely to have a higher sensorial index (p<0.001), higher total pain scores (p=0.001), and less lumbar axial rotation (p=0.046). Higher pain (r=0.391), depression scores (r=0.234), and lower lumbar axial trunk rotation (r=-0.317) were associated with increased daytime sleepiness.

Conclusion We observed poor sleep quality and an association with pain in patients with IS. Curve magnitude had no adverse effect on sleep quality or daytime sleepiness. Therefore, the sleep profile and its association with pain should be considered during the rehabilitation process in patients with IS.
The effects of CPAP therapy on metabolic profile and subjective sleep parameters in patients with OSA: a prospective trial study
Authors: Alemohammad Zahra Banafsheh , Sadeghniiat-Haghighi Khosro , Fazlipanah Mohammad Mehraban Parisa , Rahimi-Golkhandan Ania
Published: June 2022

Objective Several studies confirmed a positive association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and metabolic syndrome. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the main treatment for patients with moderate and severe OSA. CPAP therapy in adults with OSA results in reduction in sleepiness, blood pressure and improvement of metabolic profile. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of CPAP therapy on various components of metabolic syndrome and subjective sleep parameters in patients with OSA.

Material and Methods In this prospective trial study, 28 patients with moderate and severe OSA enrolled. Patients were asked to fill out the validated Persian version of questionnaires including Epworth sleepiness scale, insomnia severity index, STOP-BANG and Beck depression inventory - II, before and after treatment with CPAP. Weight and blood pressure were recorded before and after treatment. Only 14 patients agreed to blood sampling before and after CPAP therapy (at least 3 months of treatment). Fasting blood samples were analyzed for measuring the levels of FBS (fasting blood sugar), TG (triglyceride), total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, AST, and ALT.

Results Diastolic blood pressure, ISI and STOP-BANG score significantly decreased after treatment (p-value: 0.008, 0.022 and 0.004, respectively). FBS and TG levels decreased after treatment, but only TG levels had significant difference (p-value: 0.46 and 0.016, respectively).

Discussion CPAP therapy had positive effects on diastolic blood pressure, TG levels and ISI score. More studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up periods are warranted to investigate the effects of CPAP therapy on blood pressure, and metabolic parameters.
Free direct and free indirect speech in the novel 'De bello civili' by Svetislav Basara and their translation equivalents in English
Authors: Rajović Jelena , Vešović Marija
Published: June 2022

Most of the research studies on the translation equivalents of the direct and indirect speech were dealing with translations from English to Serbian language. In this paper, we investigate whether structural and/or stylistic movements occur when the free direct and free indirect speech (and their subtypes) are translated from Serbian language to English language. Novel De bello civili by Svetislav Basara is used as a research corpus. Almost all types of direct and indirect speech are present in the novel. Events in the novel take place very quickly, since the plot of the novel takes place in one day, reminding us how substantial the events of a single day can be. The events in the reality of fiction and events in the inner world of protagonists are mixed here, and hence the dominance of free direct speech. The research led to conclusion that forms in free indirect speech in English and Serbian language share most of the features (require context, use of past verb tenses, use of speech verbs and thoughts verbs that can be used in the main sentence etc), except for the sequence of tenses that is inherent in English and not in Serbian language. Since free direct speech does not include the shift of tenses, the examples of this type of reported speech are almost identical in both languages. Given that the narrator of the novel is at the same time the leading protagonist whose words are communicated, there is the omission of prenominal focalization, and there are cases when it is difficult to distinguish the free direct speech from free indirect speech. This implies the omission of author's speech and orthographic markers, which may impose a problem during translation. From the given examples, it can be seen that in some cases the translator was not guided by the Serbian language, in terms of following and communicating the reported speech. Although the free indirect speech is more flexible category in the Serbian language (Karavesović 2010), when translating into English there is often a problem of transferring all stylistic features. Following the rule of the sequence of tenses that is inherent in the English language, but not in Serbian, the translator diminishes the actuality achieved by the use of the free indirect speech in the original. Furthermore, sometimes it is very difficult to distinguish between the free direct and free indirect speech in the Serbian language; these two types of reported speech cannot be equalized in the English translation, and usually the indirect speech with subtypes is used as translation equivalent.
Yugoslav army in the homeland radio communication system
Authors: Ristanović Rade , Čorbić Miloš
Published: June 2022

After a short war in April 1941 Kingdom of Yugoslavia was occupied by Axis forces. Soon after, in May 1941 small group of free Yugoslav army soldiers and officers under the leadership of Colonel Dragoljub Mihailović formed a resistance movement on mountain Suvobor, Ravna Gora plateau, in western Serbia. One of the main problems and tasks of the army, especially the resistance group, was establishing a system of internal and external communication. Yugoslav Army in the Homeland came up with the solutions for the organization of its communication system via communication systems of the pre-war Yugoslav army and the Ministry of foreign affairs. By the end of World War One and the creation of Yugoslavia, the country's military created a system of internal communication which development depended on the economic situation in the country and its diplomatic relations with the great forces. The main difficulties for the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland radio-communication system were lack of equipment and materials for radio communication devices and a small number of people on occupied territory capable of using radio devices. Considering that this organization worked during the Axis occupation, counterintelligence operations of enemy armies, primarily German intelligence, made conducting successful operations even more complex for members of the Ravna Gora movement.
Motif of single-headed and double-headed eagle in Raška in the XIII century
Authors: Đekić Đorđe , Milić Dragana
Published: June 2022

The motif of a single-headed and double-headed eagle first appeared in Serbian medieval art under the influence of the Byzantine Empire or Christian tradition. This motif was used by the Byzantine Empire as a symbol of royal dignity and as a representation of saints. Since the eagle is regarded as a symbol of Jesus Christ, the resurrection, the Holy Evangelist John, and etc., Christian influence is more visible in literature. The use of the eagle as a motif in Raška was heightened during Grand župan Stefan Nemanja's reign and continued through his successors. Studenica monastery depicts both single-headed and double-headed eagle motifs. A single-headed eagle is a fresco painted in a double circle, and a doubleheaded eagle is a fresco painted as kolasta azdija, which represents a motif of golden double-headed eagles in double circles. Kolasta azdija can be found on the gowns of King Stefan the First-Crowned and his son King Radoslav in the Žiča monastery. A motif of a red double-headed eagle was also used as a decorative element of the St. George's wall and cloak. At Mileševa monastery, golden encircled double-headed eagles adorned the gowns of King Stefan the First-Crowned and his sons Radoslav and Vladislav. The motif of single-headed eagles in circles can be found as a unique example on Knez Stefan's gown in the Morača monastery. An eagle can be found as a motif in manuscripts, on the seal, and as part of the church's interior decoration. During King Uroš I and his successors' reigns, double-headed eagles vanished as a symbol of royal dignity, but they remained as a Christian symbol until the end of the XIII century.
Application of Dominique Moïsi's Geopolitics theory of emotions on the case of Serbia
Authors: Terzić Predrag
Published: June 2022

The paper deals with the analysis of external and internal influences on the emergence of various forms of collective emotions in Serbia in the last thirty years. Dominique Moïsi believes that cultures of fear, humiliation and hope dominate in certain countries and regions in the present, and characterize them during the past historical periods. Individuals and groups have their own interests, motives and needs. They undertake certain activities and methods that influence political behavior, where cultures of fear, humiliation and hope can have a decisive impact on the current economic situation of the country and its role in international relations, as well as on the future of their economic development and overall social progress, relations with other states and civilizations. Among the methods of action, the methods of cooperation and the methods of conflict stand out.
Criminal sanctions in Serbia from 1945 to 2019
Authors: Lazić Dragana , Danilović Aleksandra
Published: June 2022

The subject of the paper includes the socio-criminological aspect of the development of criminal sanctions through the periods of state transformation of the Republic of Serbia from 1945 to 2019. The hypothetical assumption that started in the paper was that in the seventy-four-year period of functioning and action of Serbia, traditional criminal sanctions (imprisonment and suspended sentence) dominated and that due to social changes, the introduction of alternative criminal sanctions was delayed. The historical, statistical and comparative methods, as well as the operational method of document content analysis were applied in the research. The most significant finding in the paper is that in the first 32 years, a prison sentence dominated, and in the next 42 years, a suspended sentence. There was no mass application of punishment: suspended sentence with protective supervision, punishment of work in the public interest, fine and other alternative sanctions, which only seemingly satisfied the principle of fairness and proportionality.
Naming people in wedding customs and rituals practiced in and around Leposavić
Authors: Radovanović Dragana , Nikolić Jovana
Published: June 2022

Taking into consideration that the geographical distribution of the specific wedding terms related to wedding customs and rituals in Serbian ethnic and dialectal regions is still rather unknown, as well as the fact that the ethnological monographic studies contain relatively detailed descriptions of the practices and the "standardized" forms used in naming, this paper presents the inventory of the terms used in naming people who take part in the wedding customs and rituals, based on the ethnic-dialectal materials collected in and around Leposavić, with the aim of placing the linguistic and ethnographic elements in the cultural and areal context.
'Nečista krv' as ontological occupation and centuries Bora's gen
Authors: Denić Sunčica , Mihailović-Milošević Sena
Published: June 2022

Interpretation of a century's duration of Bora Stanković's "Nečista krv", which has been approved by many researchers and interpreters, will be the main interest of this work. During the Scientific Conference in Vranje, regarding the 100th anniversary of its publishing, and the accompanying thematic collection, special attention will be paid to observing the novel and its author. This is not just a pure memory and necessary evocation to human's drama, it is a reality which, through time distance, literary, esthetic and other disciplines brings closer the secret of multidimensional understanding, reading and interpreting of the phenomenon of "impure blood". This overcomes one-sited attitude of the cause of tragic, it is a perception of the gene of Vranje, ontological and meaning of the work. Other elements and aspirations and being supplemented, refuted and produced through a prism of national culture and identity, which lead to its bard Bora Stanković and Vranje of his time.
Importance of local culture in advertising: Case of Serbia
Authors: Perić Nenad , Jevtović Ana
Published: June 2022

The paper explores the importance of local culture in advertising in Southeast Europe, in particular in Serbia. The aim of the research was to examine whether there is any difference in perception among people in Serbia toward brands using local advertising campaign and brands using global advertising campaigns. The research included 520 respondents and the analysis included different statistical methods. The study examined the extent to which the influence of culture on the communication strategy is felt, and whether this impact is the same for all target audiences and for all product categories. The research reveals whether customers from Serbia prefer local or global campaigns, and whether the choice of the local versus the global has a more positive impact on brand perception. The findings showed some interesting and contradictory results: consumers prefer local advertisements rather than global campaign, though other finding indicate strong influence of globalization Serbia as represent of Southeast Europe countries.
Biomass as a resource in production of green energy
Authors: Spasojević Branka , Ivanović-Milenković Slava
Published: June 2022

Business decisions of multinational companies and local entrepreneurs aimed at making a profit, as well as irresponsible behavior of the entire society are one of the causes of environmental degradation. Irresponsible behavior leads to a high level of environmental pollution which is reflected today in many aspects of human life. Namely, the use of technologies and materials harmful to human health and the environment, but also the excessive use of natural resources leaves traces on the conditions and quality of life, of present and future generations. Increased use of resources whose existence in nature is limited, has consequences for human health and their natural environment. There is a need to strike a balance in the realization of economic goals with respect for the rules of environmental protection, through the preservation of biodiversity and the use of natural resources as energy sources in a rational and sustainable way. To this end, in addition to the energy of the sun, wind and water, biomass is becoming increasingly important in agricultural production, but also as an energy source for heat and electricity
Platform for 'Ending the War Period' on the territory of the Former SFRY by implementing a ratified Agreement on Succession Issues with special reference to Annex 'G'
Authors: Tabaković Sulejman , Božić Vanda
Published: June 2022

The reason for writing this paper is the (non) application of the Agreement on Succession Issues, especially its Annex G, which refers to private property and acquired rights. The authors analyzed the legal norms from a theoretical point of view, and then, by researching case law and analyzing the decisions made, they pointed out the (non) application of the ratified Agreement on Succession Issues. Respecting the assumed international obligations, valid international law, legality and justice, as well as the credibility of the European Union, it is necessary in practice to ensure more efficient and direct application of Annex "G" of the Agreement on Succession Issues which stipulates that SFRY successor states will protect private property. and acquired rights of citizens and other legal entities. Result of the author's paper is the Platform for "Ending the War Period" on the territory of the former joint state of SFRY by implementing the ratified Agreement on Succession Issues with Annexes of "A - G" with special reference to Annex "G" Private property and acquired rights, as a convalidation enacted laws and their legal consequences. The aim of the paper is for the representatives of the states of the former SFRY to adopt the proposals of the future Declaration on the basis of the mentioned Platform, which the authors presented in the conclusion of the paper.
Social status of athletes with special needs
Authors: Boli Evagelia , Popović Miloš , Popović Jasna
Published: June 2022

The latent structure of manifest status characteristics has been analyzed on different samples from the Serbian population described by different sets of status variables by means of different methods for analyzing latent structures in several studies conducted in different periods of social, political and economic development. Accordingly, the results obtained from the analyses have been different; however, there have regularly appeared some stable latent structures, such as parents' educational and professional status, respondent's educational and professional status, as well as family's socio-political engagement, residence status and economic status. For the past time, great social, economic and political changes have taken place. These changes have inevitably had some impact on both the configuration of status characteristics and the number and nature of latent status dimensions. This study will present the results obtained during this period of the country's social, political and economic development, in which a representative set of status characteristics describes a representative sports sample from the Serbian population.
Facebook season: A survey of current practices of national hunting associations Facebook Pages: The case of the EU
Authors: Ponjiger Igor , Matejević Milosava , Stankov Uglješa , Marković Vladimir , Ristić Zoran , Kovačević Milutin , Barović Vladimir
Published: June 2022

National hunters' associations (NHAs) are non-governmental organizations (NGOs) dealing with topics of hunting and conservation. We believe that NHAs have an important role in promoting hunting, wildlife protection, and shaping a positive public opinion about these subjects. Paper explores the basic characteristics and activities of the official Facebook Pages of NHAs among EU countries. The results have shown that the official NHA Facebook Pages don't use the potential visible through the number of registered hunters and Page followers. Also, certain parameters used in the paper show preferable Page content in order to achieve more engagement. The findings of this paper are the first step into understanding the use of Facebook in hunting promotion and will serve as a starting point for further research.
Evolution of the court/tribunal concept: Should we pursue its Europeanization?
Authors: Matić-Matešković Ines , Bodul Dejan , Bartulović Željko
Published: June 2022

We live in times of rapid social, economic and legal changes. Traditional legal concepts, such as court or tribunal, are evolving. The modernization of law contributes to its alignment with the needs of the time when it is applied. Organizational and functional modernization of courts should be oriented towards Europeanization. This must be understood as a broader process than the mere reception of European law and taking over legal institutes from other legal systems without analyzing their actual meaning in the legal order which they are transplanted from, and without assessing whether they are in line with the domestic legal tradition and/or how they are to be included in the national legal system. The authors of this paper analyze key historical aspects in the development of the court system, European standards in defining the concept of a court/tribunal, and the Croatian experience in defining this concept. The authors discuss issues pertaining to the organizational and functional reform of the court system. which organizational structures should be vested with the judicial power and whether it is possible to maintain the principles rooted in classical legal standards.
Full-Scale/Model-Scale Comparison of Podded Icebreaker’s Performance in Ice with Flexural Strength Measurement Study
Authors: Wang Jungyong , Brown Jeffrey , Frederking Robert
Published: June 2022

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This paper provides the results of model tests in ice to evaluate the performance of the USCG Mackinaw Icebreaker that was equipped with two podded propulsors and compares with the data obtained from the full-scale ice trials. The objective of this collaborative model test program between the NRC and USCG was to understand the capability and limitation of the model tests with podded vessels in ice. As a result, the model tests showed a good agreement with attainable speeds at selected power levels but an overestimation of the ice resistance by an average of 7% (from 10% to 25%). Further discussion of podded icebreaker performance including turning circle tests in ice is provided and future work is proposed. This paper also provides a discussion of two different flexural strength test methods, which are simple beam and cantilever beam tests.

Introduction

The number of icebreakers with podded propulsors has been increasing in recent years and many new icebreakers are planning to use the pods because of high maneuverability and additional benefits such as low noise and vibration, and various usages of the propeller wake. The first pod unit (1.3 MW) was installed in a utility vessel Seili in 1990. Since then, several ice-going tankers/ icebreakers have used single or multiple pod units, which had up to 16 MW power (Wilkman et al. 2018).