bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The value of presepsin and procalcitonin as prognostic factors for mortality in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and acute on chronic liver failure
Authors:   Intensive Care Unit, "Sf. Spiridon" University Hospital, Iasi, Romania; Department of Gastroenterology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Igna Razvan , Muzica Cristina ,   Department of Gastroenterology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania; Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "Sf. Spiridon" University Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Zenovia Sebastian ,   Department of Gastroenterology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania; Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "Sf. Spiridon" University Hospital, Iasi, Romania
Published: August 2024

Background: Acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) is typically characterized by a rapid progression of liver failure in patients with liver cirrhosis and it is triggered by a precipitant factor, usually a bacterial infection (BI). Considering the low accuracy of the inflammation biomarkers in liver cirrhosis, presepsin and procalcitonin have demonstrated a good diagnostic performance for BI. Understanding the key prognostic factors that influence patient outcomes can significantly impact clinical decision-making and improve patient care in ACLF which can lead to lower mortality rates. Aim: to evaluate the prognostic factors associated with 30-day mortality in patients with alcohol-related liver cirrhosis and ACLF. Methods: This retrospective study on 227 patients diagnosed with ACLF and alcohol-related liver cirrhosis analyzed the prognostic role of presepsin and procalcitonin serum levels. Results: The survival analysis according to the grade of ACLF showed that more than 80% of patients with ACLF grade 1 survived after 30 days, with a mean estimated time of death of 29 ±0.44 days (95 % CI: 28.17-29.92) compared to ACLF grade 2 (24.9±1.064 days; 95 % CI: 22.82-26.99) and ACLF grade 3 (21.05±1.17 days; 95 % CI: 18.75-23.34), with a mean overall survival on entire cohort of 25.69±0.52 days (95 % CI: 24.65-26.73). Presepsin (OR: 4.008, CI 95:3.130-6.456, p=0.001) and procalcitonin (OR: 3.666, CI 95:2.312-5.813, p=0.001) were the most significant factors associated with 30-day mortality. In ACLF grade 2, presepsin provides a better prediction of mortality at the cutoff value of 1050 pg/mL (Sensitivity 72%, Specificity 69%) than procalcitonin (AUC=0.727 95% CI 0.594-0.860, p 0.002) whereas in ACLF grade 3, a cutoff of 1450 pg/mL (Sensitivity 89%, Specificity 91%) presepsin had a more significant accuracy of mortality prediction (AUC=0.93 95% CI 0.81-0.99, p 0.001) than procalcitonin (AUC=0.731 95% CI 0.655-0.807, p 0.001). Conclusion: ACLF is associated with a high mortality rate and the risk of death increases with the grade of ACLF. Presepsin and procalcitonin serum levels are good prognostic factors for 30-day mortality and should be used in clinical practice to stratify the risk and provide and early and efficient treatment in patients with ACLF.
Peran Akupunktur untuk Mengatasi Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting pada Pasien Kanker Anak
Authors: Andriastuti Murti , Shadrina Arifah Nur , Nareswari Irma
Published: August 2024

Kanker merupakan ancaman serius kesehatan masyarakat karena insidens dan angka kematiannya terus meningkat. Penanganan kanker memerlukan kerjasama multidisiplin kedokteran seperti keterlibatan pembedahan, kemoterapi, radiasi, atau kombinasi dintaranya. Kemoterapi sebagai salah satu upaya mengobati kanker umumnya menimbulkan efek samping berupa mual dan muntah (chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting) yang juga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti potensi emetogenik dari regimen sitostatika dan faktor spesifik dari pasien. Efek samping kemoterapi berupa chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) dapat menyulitkan pasien dalam menjalankan aktivitas sehari-hari sehingga menurunkan kualitas hidup. CINV dapat diatasi dengan terapi medis serta terapi alternatif dan komplementer, salah satunya adalah dengan akupunktur. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2023 dengan menggunakan database PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ClinicalTrials, Embase, CINAHL dengan jumlah akhir 5 artikel yang diperoleh dan dianalisis. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan bahwa akupunktur dengan berbagai macam modalitas, termasuk akupunktur manual, akupunktur laser, elektroakupunktur, press needle, dan akupresur, efektif dalam menurunkan kejadian CINV pada pasien kanker anak dengan efek samping minimal sehingga dapat dijadikan terapi adjuvan dari antiemetik standar.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kecenderungan Kecurangan Akutansi pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam dan Pembiayaan Syariah di Kota Padang
Authors: Haswenova Aabidah , Halmawati Halmawati
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the factors that influence the occurrence of accounting fraud tendencies. The independent variables used in this study are the appropriateness of compensation, conflict of interest, the effectiveness of internal controls, and information asymmetry while the dependent variable is the tendency of accounting fraud. The population in this study were KSPPS managers and administrators in the city of Padang with the sampling technique being purposive sampling. The data used is primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to KSPPS administrators and managers in Padang City. Data from this questionnaire were analyzed using the IBM SPSS 23 application. The results of this study indicate that the suitability of compensation has a negative effect on the tendency of accounting fraud and information asymmetry have a positive effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, while conflict of interest and the effectiveness of internal control does not have an effect on the tendency of accounting.
Eksplorasi Tantangan BPK Terkait Audit SDGs: Studi Kasus BPK Perwakilan Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Gusriantika Gita , Deviani Deviani
Published: August 2024

This research aims to find out how the highest audit institution in West Sumatera (BPK) applies various strategies to audit SDGs implementation and the challenges they face (Case Study of BPK Representative of West Sumatra Province). This research is research with a qualitative approach using phenomenological research. This research looks at and listens more closely and in detail to individual explanations and understanding of their experiences and explores meaning through exploring the experiences of the subjects studied. Researchers in this study collected data through interviews with BPK auditors for West Sumatra Province. The results of the research state that BPK auditors have understood the potential challenges that exist, but have not been able to maximize SDGs audit performance, especially in the field of poverty. There is still little research regarding SDGs Audit Challenges carried out by BPK auditors. And researchers conducted research in the West Sumatra Province area, where in this area the research carried out by researchers was something new. This research has a contribution, namely that based on the research results, it can pay attention to strategies in auditing the implementation of SDGs, especially in the field of poverty, and can be an inspiration for anyone to carry out similar research.
Pengaruh Identitas Profesional, Locus of Commitment, Bystander Effect, dan Self Efficacy terhadap Niat Melakukan Whistleblowing
Authors: Rafilah Luqyana , Fauzihardani Eka
Published: August 2024

The aim of this research was to investigate how professional identity, locus of commitment, the bystander effect, and self-efficacy influence the intention to whistleblowing. This study builds on Taylor and Curtis (2010) application of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as its theoretical foundation. It employs a purposive sampling method, targeting respondents employed within regional working units (SKPD) in Sawahlunto City. Respondents consisted of employees who served as the Budget User Authorizations, Budget Makers, Budget Section Head, Commitment Making Officers, Pay Order Signing Officers, Head of Finance, Financial Administration Officers, Activity Technical Implementation Officers, Expenditures Treasurer, Treasurer of Goods, and Finance Staff. The data for this research was gathered through primary methods, using structured questionnaires distributed to 26 regional working units in Sawahlunto City. Hypothesis testing was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software. The findings of the study reveal that: (1) Professional Identity not significant influence whistleblowing intention; (2) Locus of commitment positively significant influence whistleblowing intention; (3) Bystander effect not significant influence whistleblowing intention; (4) Self efficacy positively significant influence whistleblowing intention.
Pengaruh Pengawasan Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Fitri Salwa'a Karunia , Ermita Ermita , Nellitawati Nellitawati , Anisah Anisah
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui informasi tentang kinerja guru dan pengawasan kepala sekolah serta apakah kinerja guru dipengaruhi oleh pengawasan kepala sekolah di SLTA Negeri Kecamatan Enam Lingkung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional. Populasi penelitian yaitu tenaga pendidik di SLTA Negeri Kecamatan Enam Lingkung yang berjumlah 121 orang, teknik yang digunakan untuk menentukan sampel yaitu proportionate stratified random sampling dengan total sampel 65 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran angket model skala Likert kepada seluruh sampel sedangkan teknik dalam menganalisis data yaitu regresi sederhana, uji t, dan koefisien determinan dengan bantuan program SPSS 26.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja guru sudah terlaksana dengan baik, pengawasan kepala sekolah terlaksana cukup baik, dan pengawasan kepala sekolah memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 34,2%, sedangkan 65,80% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.
Book Review: Crisis as an Attribute of Modernity: Causes, Signs, Solutions
Authors: Cibuľa Peter
Published: August 2024

LIPTÁKOVÁ, K., KOPER, J. 2023. Crisis as an Attribute of Modernity: Causes, Signs, Solutions [Kríza ako atribút modernosti: Príčiny, Prejavy, Východiská]. Prague: Leges, 2023. 130 p. ISBN 978-80-7502-700-9.
Populist Attitudes and Conspiracy Beliefs in Slovak Society: Pandemic vs Post-pandemic Data
Authors: Václaviková Ivana , Viteková Lucia
Published: August 2024

The continued success of populist political subjects can be observed in many countries in recent years, including Slovakia. Society is polarized, and dissatisfaction, anger, and fear are coming to the fore. This has been exacerbated by the pandemic, which, as a crisis, typically increases the potential for the spread of unfounded or even conspiratorial beliefs. As the occurrence of the mentioned phenomena postulates similar questions, the study's objective is to identify the rate of occurrence of populist attitudes and trust in conspiracy content during and after the pandemic. At different stages of the pandemic course, the prevalence of populist attitudes in the sample of Slovak adult men and women (N = 1345) and the tendency to trust conspiracy beliefs both in general and specifically in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are examined. Using the Populist Attitudes Scale, the Generic conspiracist beliefs scale, and the authors' questionnaire on belief in conspiracy claims related to the COVID-19 virus, we found a high prevalence of the variables of interest, with the highest rates observed in women, people of older age and people with lower education. Across the different phases of data collection, attitudes and beliefs were relatively stable, and a linear association was observed between them. The results demonstrate the validity of the study of populist attitudes and the tendency to believe in conspiracy content, while at the same time raising questions for further research.
Isolation of Esculetin and Umbelliferone from Viola Odorata Cultivated in Iraq
Authors:   College of Pharmacy, AL-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq, Ali Zaineb , Alani Widad ,   Pharmacy Department, Alnukhba University College, Baghdad, Iraq, ALAMDAR Suzan ,   Raparin Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq, Abbas Muhamed ,   College of Pharmacy, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Alrabeeah Muntadher ,   Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eskisehir, Turkey
Published: August 2024

Abstract—Viola odorata is a species of the viola family, may be found naturally occurring over Europe and Asia. This little plant is tough and perennially herbaceous. It's also known as sweet violet and English violet. There are several medicinal uses for this flowering plant, including anticancer, antibacterial, inflammation., antioxidant activity and antipyretic activity. The phytochemical studies of Viola odorata different parts resulted in identification and isolation of different chemical constituents such as Coumarins, caffeic acid, methyl salicylate, flavonoids (Quercetin, kaempferol), glycosides (Rutin) and terpenoids (stigma sterol). Coumarins are an important natural phenolic compounds of the family of benzopyrone. Coumarin's basic structure consists of a pyrone ring fused with a benzene ring. Umbelliferone and esculetin are the most common simple coumarins in nature. Coumarins become an attractive backbone drugs with innovative impacts on illnesses and reduced side effects on healthy cells. Anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and other biological properties are among those attributed to coumarins derivatives. In this study umbelliferone and esculetin of Viola odorata were isolated by PTLC and the structures of isolated umbelliferone and esculetin are elucidated by FTIR, 1 H-NMR and 13C-NMR.
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its antibacterial Activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Ali Zeena , Risan Mohsen H.
Published: August 2024

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have wide-ranging applications and can be synthesized using environmentally friendly green synthesis methods as an alternative to conventional approaches. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an extremely perilous bacterium known for its multidrug-resistant (MDR) nature, posing a significant threat to hospitalized patients and those with compromised immune systems. The bacterium's ability to withstand multiple antibiotics, combined with its capacity to form biofilms, contributes to its high rates of morbidity and mortality. The intrinsic resistance of P. aeruginosa, along with its ability to form biofilms, further complicates treatment and exacerbates the severity of infections, particularly in susceptible patient populations. Objective: The main objective of this study was to utilize extracts from Ocimum basilicum leaves in a green synthesis approach to produce zinc oxide nanoparticles. Additionally, the research aimed to assess the antibacterial effectiveness of these synthesized nanoparticles against P. aeruginosa. Materials and Methods: In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the leaf extract of O. basilicum plants under various parameters. The biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles was verified using a UV-visible spectrophotometer and characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles exhibited significant antibacterial efficacy. Specifically, they demonstrated antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa pathogens. Different concentrations of both O. basilicum extract and synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were tested against P. aeruginosa and observed antibacterial activity. Results: indicated that the ZnO NPs synthesized from O. basilicum exhibited stronger antibacterial activity compared to the plant extract alone. The most effective concentrations were found to be 1.0, 1.5, and 3 mg/ml of prepared ZnO nanoparticles. Increasing the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles resulted in enhanced inhibition of bacterial growth in P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: The green synthesis of ZnO NPs using plant extracts has demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against P.aeruginosa. The high concentration of the ZnO NPs resulted in larger inhibition zones at higher concentrations. These findings underscore the possibility of green-synthesized ZnO NPs as an antimicrobial agent for P. aeruginosa. The environmentally friendly and cost-effective nature of the green synthesis method further enhances its appeal for future applications in antibacterial treatments.
Barriers to Embrace Multidisciplinary Learning Experience in Interior Architecture Design Module
Authors: Nasir Norji , Mustapha Kamal Kamal Rabah
Published: August 2024

A multidisciplinary learning experience is an approach to curriculum integration which values the ideas of collaboration across multiple disciplines in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). The 4IR has effectively widened the division between fields in which graduates are expected to perform desired skill and knowledge. This paper aims to determine the barriers encountered by the Interior Architecture Students embracing the multidisciplinary learning experience with students from other discipline. Through an explanatory case study approach, the emergence of approach curriculum comprised of three programmes in the built environment at a private university will be presented. The paper concludes with reflective writing addressing the barriers faced by the Interior Architecture students during the multilearning experience. Findings of the study revealed the majority of students identify communication, time-management, responsibility, attitude, and teamwork as the most significant barriers encountered by Interior Architecture students in the implementation of the MLE approach in the Design Studio module. Developing strong communication skills, allocation in managing the time, team player roles and responsibility are essential trait that must be constantly fostered. These findings help to assist interior architecture educators in developing courses that integrate various disciplines and provide academics with a deeper understanding of the conceptualisations and practices of the multidisciplinary learning experience concept approach by identifying the barriers that hinder its implementation.
The Development of Thai Contemporary Art and Its Influences: Overlay Memories, Overlay Imaging and Individual Spiritual Identity
Authors:   School of Social Science, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University
Published: August 2024

This project was the creative and qualitative research aimed to develop and disseminate the information through the project and its result related to 3 key concerns consisting of; 1. To study and develop the artworks that represented the individual spiritual development. 2. To analyse the gained specific insight associated with the art practice and its relationships to the artistic creative process and the artistic learning processes. 3. To study the artworks and its influences in terms of the development of the concept related to attitude, experiences, cultural roots, and the spiritual development. The research methodology would be the combination of the review of literature and the art practice exploration alongside with its analysis and discussion within the descriptive form. Through the research finding, it could be divided into 3 crucial parts, which are namely; 1. The artistic creative process (the process of art making) 1.1 The concept and its relationships to the background and cultural roots, 1.2 The artistic forms and techniques. 2. The artistic Learning Processes 3. The symbolism in art. In conclusion, the study highlighted that through the investigation of art practice and its knowledge dissemination within the various forms of the presentations, the researcher was convinced that the study of creative process and its analysis related to self-awareness, experiences, background, and local cultural roots might lead to the understanding of artists and their concepts. On top of that, these creative processes and their findings might generate the metaphorical images of the artistic learning process that represented both the value of art and infinite artist’s spiritual identity development.
Enhancing operational performance: The impact of smart algorithms in Saudi Arabian sports facilities
Authors: Hassan Ahmed K. , Alibrahim Mohammed S. , Alhumaid Majed M. , Ata Sobhi Noureldin , Al Ahmed Mustafa Issa Ali , Almughyirah Sultan Mubarak , Selim Hossam S. , Abdelhalim Abeer M. , Hammad Badry E.
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to examine the impact of utilizing smart algorithms on enhancing the operational performance of sports facilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. These algorithms, based on principles and concepts of artificial intelligence, aim to achieve functions such as learning, decision-making, data analysis, pattern recognition, planning, and problem-solving. The study aimed to identify the extent to which smart algorithms are utilized in sports facilities, assess the level of operational performance, explore the correlation between the use of smart algorithms and operational performance, and predict the level of operational performance based on the use of smart algorithms. The study employed a descriptive approach, specifically utilizing a survey study method. Participants included chairmen and members of boards of directors, executive directors, sports directors, administrators, specialists, and members of various committees. The study sample was intentionally selected from different categories within the study population. Two questionnaires were used to collect data from 325 participants. The findings revealed a lack of utilization of smart algorithms in sports facilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, indicating a low level of operational performance. Additionally, a correlation was observed between the use of smart algorithms and operational performance, suggesting that the level of operational performance can be predicted based on the utilization of smart algorithms. The study concludes that the implementation of intelligent algorithms can enhance the operational performance of sports facilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It provides valuable insights into the effects of utilizing smart algorithms on improving operational performance.
Infrastructure collaboration along China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for corporate social responsibility and political activity
Authors: Guan Xinya , Ahlstrom David , Liu Junying
Published: August 2024

Chinese multinational enterprises (MNEs) have increasingly engaged in outward foreign direct investment in recent years, and particularly into the infrastructure sector of developing economies. This has been prompted by the infrastructure-led economic integration plan of China’s Belt and Road Initiative. However, such collaboration faces many challenges. Infrastructure projects are often undertaken in industries, countries, and regions posing particular and difficult challenges, and with divergent, often conflicting interests, with the ensuing conclusion that the MNE is simply exploiting the project and not delivering value to the host country. Overall, not only does the infrastructure project have to be well-functioning with expected returns (or savings) realized, but these projects face close scrutiny from local communities, labor, opposition parties, neighboring countries, and various international bodies and nonprofits, requiring delicate handling of the principals involved. The unfolding of these issues and their management by the multinational are examined through an in-depth longitudinal case study. The data are drawn from major participants and stakeholders around a leading Chinese MNE and the mega project of the construction of a major hydropower plant in Pakistan.
How do employees in the Polish financial sector react to automation in their workplace?
Authors: Włoch Renata , Śledziewska Katarzyna , Rożynek Satia
Published: August 2024

Banks and other financial institutions are at the forefront of digital transformation, driven by artificial intelligence technologies and accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to better understand automation within Poland’s financial sector by identifying factors that influence automation levels and future expectations and by examining how the pace of automation changed during the pandemic. We analyzed data from 172 questionnaires collected from employees in the Polish financial sector in October and November 2020, along with insights on digitization from prior interviews with bank CEOs and managers. Our findings show that age, education, and firm characteristics relate to automation experience and that this experience influences employees’ views on future automation. Hence, it emphasizes the importance of demographic factors, workplace environment, and technological infrastructure in shaping experiences and expectations of automation, preparing the groundwork for future policies to manage the evolving work landscape amid technological advancements. The study improves our understanding of employees’ attitudes toward digital transformation and helps tackle the organizational roots of technological unemployment.
The influence of probiotic administration on the phagocytic and oxidative burst activity of neutrophils and monocytes in the peripheral blood of dairy cows during different lactation periods
Authors: Brodzki Piotr , Gorzkoś Hubert , Marczuk Jan , Lisiecka Urszula , Junkuszew Andrzej , Krakowski Leszek , Szczubiał Marek , Brodzki Nikodem , Głodkowska Katarzyna
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The objective of this bovine peripheral blood study was a comparative assessment of the phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes and of the intracellular killing capacity of neutrophils from cows given no probiotic and from cows which were administered a probiotic consisting of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Rhodopseudomonas palustris. These activity types were compared during different lactation periods.

Material and Methods

A cohort of 20 pregnant dairy cows was divided into two groups of 10. The experimental group consisted of cows fed a ration supplemented with probiotics, and the control group consisted of cows fed an unsupplemented ration. Blood was drawn six times: 7 days before dry off, 14 days before parturition, and 7, 21, 60 and 90 days postpartum (DPP). The phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes and the oxidative burst activity of neutrophils were determined by flow cytometry in the peripheral blood of all examined cows.

Results

Phagocytosis testing revealed increased percentages of phagocytic neutrophils and monocytes in the experimental group at 21, 60 and 90 DPP (P-value < 0.01). The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) values for neutrophils and monocytes were higher on all days of the study (P-value < 0.01). In oxidative burst testing, the percentages of detected neutrophils and their MFI were increased in the experimental group on all days (P-value < 0.01).

Conclusion

The use of probiotics supported dairy cows’ immunity throughout the whole experiment. Probiotic supplementation may limit the occurrence of infectious diseases in these animals.
Unsupervised machine learning for identifying key risk factors contributing to construction delays
Authors: Al-Bataineh Fuad , Khatatbeh Ahmed Ali , Alzubi Yazan
Published: August 2024

The present study uses unsupervised machine learning capabilities with an emphasis on K-means clustering for addressing the problem of construction delays. The primary objective is to investigate the critical risk factors that contribute to such delays, thereby enabling more efficient risk-management strategies. The study employs a large dataset compiled from contracting firms operating in developing regions. This information is a vital resource for identifying crucial risk variables. These variables are analysed and categorised using the Likert scale into five levels based on their potential influence. This systematic approach permits the development of a comprehensive understanding of the relevant factors. These risk factors are grouped to enhance comprehension of the intricate risk landscape using K-means clustering. This allows for a broader, more comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to construction delays. The application of K-means clustering demonstrates the potential of machine learning techniques to improve conventional approaches to risk management. This empirical investigation significantly expands the existing body of construction risk-management knowledge. It offers invaluable insights into various project stakeholders, allowing for more informed decision-making. Notably, the clustering analysis results provide a practical, user-friendly tool. This tool can assist project managers in enhancing their risk foresight, drafting more effective plans and developing robust mitigation strategies. Consequently, this research offers the potential for substantial improvements in project timeline adherence, thereby substantially reducing the impact of construction delays in developing nations.
Prevalence and risk factors of constipation among the general population in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkhlaif Zainab , Alhajji Arwa , Alkhalaf Abdullah , Alsaad Mohammed , Aldoughan Alghaydaa , Alessa Mohammed
Published: August 2024

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of constipation among the general population in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, and data were collected through a self-administered online questionnaire distributed randomly on social media to the general population. The survey included three parts including sociodemographic data, diagnosis of constipation using both Rome III criteria and Bristol stool chart, and the third part was mini nutritional assessment.
Results: A total of 435 participants were included in the study. This study showed that the prevalence of constipation among the people in Al-Ahsa was 40.7% using Rome III criteria, while estimation through the Bristol stool chart obtained a lower rate of 12.8%. Females were more susceptible than males. The risk factors associated with constipation were found to be physical inactivity, presence of chronic disease, use of medication, and gender. However, age, educational level, marital status, and employment status were not found to be significantly associated with constipation.
Conclusion: This study revealed that constipation is a significant problem affecting a high proportion of the general population in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Giant pedunculated incisional hernia with severe skin necrosis: a challenging surgical case in a patient with cognitive dysfunction; case report
Authors: Mal Rakan , Kurdi Tarek , Aljohani Abdulrahman , Elgeyoushy Fathi
Published: August 2024

Background: Incisional hernias are common complications following abdominal surgery, with known risk factors including age, obesity, and suture types. Giant incisional hernias, especially with loss of abdominal domain, present significant challenges for surgical repair, particularly in emergency settings. Case Presentation: A 50-year-old Pakistani female was presented with mild cognitive dysfunction and a history of multiple cesarean sections, presented with a giant pedunculated incisional hernia associated with severe skin necrosis. The patient's condition deteriorated rapidly, necessitating urgent surgical intervention. Intraoperatively, a large hernia defect was identified, and despite the complexities posed by skin necrosis and the need for omental resection, successful reduction, and repair were achieved using mesh overlay. Postoperatively, the patient showed satisfactory recovery without respiratory compromise, highlighting the importance of tailored approaches in managing complex incisional hernias, even in challenging clinical scenarios.
Conclusion: The repair of a giant incisional hernia with loss of domain is extremely challenging especially when presenting in emergency settings. Repair without component separation was difficult; however, it was carried out and tolerated by the patient without complications. This reflects the variability in surgical management in patients presenting with giant incisional hernia and emphasizes the importance of taking all patient-related factors and the settings at presentation into consideration.
Creative commons for JCU staff
Authors:   James Cook University Library
Published: August 2024

This eBook, adapted by Bronwen Forster, is designed for in-house professional development for James Cook University staff. This eBook is an adaptation of freely available course materials, including the materials for a US version of the official Creative Commons Certificate course. It includes H5P activities for participants to check their understanding while progressing through the units of information. JCU Library staff have enhanced the content with Australian content and examples.
An analysis of students' speaking anxiety in performing impromptu presentation
Authors: Maulida Neng Hasna , Faridah Didih , Tarwana Wawan
Published: August 2024

This study explores speaking anxiety among students during impromptu presentations. Speaking anxiety, characterized by discomfort and excessive worry, can impact students' well-being and necessitate social support. The research investigates students’ experiences and influencing factors using a qualitative case study approach. Data was collected from 35 tenth-grade students at MAN 1 Garut through questionnaires and interviews. The questionnaire reached 35 participants from class X-4, while interviews involved 4 selected students. Results reveal that most students experience anxiety during impromptu presentations, manifesting as nervousness, mental withdrawal, and fear of making mistakes or negative judgments. To mitigate speaking anxiety, teachers can employ strategies such as improving body language and eye contact. The study emphasizes the importance of teacher support and motivation in helping students overcome anxiety. For students, the findings underscore the commonality of speaking anxiety and the need for more practice and mental health awareness when facing spontaneous presentations. Teachers' sensitivity and patience are key to addressing this issue effectively.
Teacher’s Verbal and Nonverbal Communication on Students’ Motivation in Learning English
Authors: Sophia Luci , Rustandi Andi , Sugiarto Bambang Ruby
Published: August 2024

This study focuses on the teacher's verbal and nonverbal communication as well as the student's motivation in EFL classes. The goals of this study were to (1) assess the types of verbal and nonverbal communication used by teachers in EFL classrooms and (2) investigate how verbal and nonverbal communication influences students' motivation. The descriptive-qualitative method was utilized in this study. The research subjects were a teacher and 4 students selected from two classes in tenth-grade at MAN 3 Tasikmalaya. Data were gathered through observation (video recording) and interviews. The findings of this study revealed that the verbal type of FIACS and Schmitz has been fulfilled. There are the seven types of teacher verbal communication used in the classroom by the teacher. However, the researcher discovered that the most dominant type of teacher verbal communication is asking question in this study. In addition, the researcher engages in fourth sorts of nonverbal communication. Regarding the teacher's nonverbal communication, the researcher discovered that the most dominant type is kinesics such us body movement and gestures in this study. The findings also revealed that the teacher's verbal and nonverbal communication had a beneficial impact on their motivation to learn English. Positive effects include a sense of caring, a better understanding, a sensation of pleasure or comfort, an eagerness to learn, a sense of being appreciated and respected, as well as a sense of respect.
The Path “from Tavern to the Temple” and “from the Regional Executive Committee to the Tavern” in the Story of V. M. Shukshin “The Master”
Authors:   Siberian Federal University Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Vasiliev Vladimir K.
Published: August 2024

During Shukshin’s lifetime, the story “The Master” was published in three different versions. Their main differences, the oxymoronic (built on contradictions) poetics of the story, as well as other methods of the author’s “ciphering” of criminal, antiSoviet meanings are considered. It turns out that the semantics of one text fragment contradicts the semantics of another, the plot solution as a whole sharply diverges with some significant statements of the hero. Analytics convinces that the main task set by Shukshin was to point out the real destroyers of national shrines, Orthodox Temples. Insolvency of the concept of “sincere acceptance” of Soviet power that has been established in Shukshin’s contect is shown. The hero of the story, the “drunken” Semka Rys, fails to walk the “road to the temple” and restore the Talitsky church, it is Soviet government members who turn him back onto the road leading to the taverna/vodka stall. Beyond the logic of the structure of the story is the interpretation of the image of Semka Rys, existing in Shukshin’s studies, as a possible destroyer of the temple, a double of the agricultural foreman Nikolai Shurygin. In the “Master” Shukshin goes beyond the village theme (it is represented by a description of the actions of the heroes who destroyed the church in the novel “Lubavins”, in the stories “Glow Rain” and “Strong Man”) and names new addresses indicating the authorities waging war against their people – these are regional executive committees and Moscow.
On the Topic Function of the Particle aan ‘That Is, Exactly’ in Tuvan
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Bayyr-ool Aziyana V.
Published: August 2024

The special cases of the functioning of the particle aan ‘that is, exactly’, which is very frequent and actively used in the oral speech of Tuvan native speakers, are considered. The research material was examples of dialogic speech from the texts of fiction. Our observations on Tuvan colloquial speech were also involved in the study. The use of aan is due to the presence of presuppositions: the speaker uses a particle, referring to information that the addressee also owns to some extent. This particle is a means of expressing a topic that resumes in conversation. The structure of such statements is characterized by the presence of demonstrative pronouns, pronominal words or adverbs that directly or indirectly indicate the subject of conversation, serve to reintroduce them into the context, to remind them if, in the context of the narrative, attention to these subjects was temporarily lost
Artavazd Pelechian’s “Montage-at-a-Distance” in Semiotic Perspective (By the Example Director’s Theoretical Essays)
Authors:   Yerevan State University Yerevan, Armenia, Simyan Tigran S.
Published: August 2024

The article explores the renowned Armenian documentary filmmaker Artavazd Pelechian (born 1938), whose acclaim surged in 1988, marking the end of the Soviet era, when many figures of Armenian culture became peripatetic. Through a semiotic lens and metalanguage, the article delves into the core elements of “Montage-at-aDistance,” examining the interplay between image and sound/music, and the generative potential inherent in the director’s cinematic language. It particularly emphasizes a distinct montage language, founded not on coupling, docking, and splicing film frames (akin to Dziga Vertov and Sergei Eisenstein), but on decollage, influenced by Marcel Merien’s principle. Pelechian employs a theory of distance to deconstruct the narrative, thus embedding the emotional depth of documentaries. His “Montage-at-aDistance” aligns typologically with T.S. Eliot’s theory of personalized poetry and emotion. A theory of distance catalyzes for the viewer's intellectual engagement, as it eliminates everything deemed “superfluous” and “noise” (in a semiotic context) from the visual series. The author’s message is dispersed throughout the film text and, at the structural and pragmatic level, is crafted into a “frame” structure, assembling a cinematic “picture” within a frame.
New Drug Therapies for Women with Eclampsia – Impact on Prognosis as Compared to Standard Treatment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Reechaye Driti , Perrine Anne Laure Annaïck , Robinson Jared , Banerjee Indrajit
Published: August 2024

Hypertensive disorders continue to be a major global health concern, impacting millions of pregnant women annually, and have a significant impact on both the mortality and morbidity rates of mothers and neonates. The two major spectrums of disease are pre-eclampsia (PE) and eclampsia. While pre-eclampsia (PE) is characterized by milder symptoms, eclampsia includes hypertensive symptoms plus impaired brain function and seizures or coma. This systematic review aims to explore safer and novel drugs/drug combinations with minimal adverse effects to the mother and fetus, which will cause a rapid decrease in blood pressure, better bioavailability, and prevent life-threatening complications. The PubMed and PubMed Central databases were used to perform a comprehensive literature review from January 2019 to December 2023. The Mesh terms and Boolean operators used were “Pre-eclampsia” OR “Eclampsia” AND “Drug therapy.” There are novel and promising alternatives to mono-therapeutic magnesium sulfate in the treatment of severe PE and eclampsia. These drugs are namely dexmedetomidine, nifedipine in combination with phytosterol, magnesium sulfate, and compound Danshen combinations. The use of these drugs is, however off-label in nature and should be instituted solely on a case-by-case basis at the discretion of the physician. The prospect of a combination therapy being developed from the above drug groups is promising, and these findings should instigate further research to provide the next generation of pharmacotherapeutic treatment protocols to combat severe PE and eclampsia.
Experience of using a fixed combination of dorzolamide + latanoprost in the treatment of glaucoma in adults
Authors:   KSMA — branch campus of the FSBEIFPE RMACPE MOH Russia, Pogorelova D.M. , Zvereva O.G. ,   SAHI RCOH named after prof. E.V. Adamyuk of the Ministry of health of the Republic of Tatarstan,   KSMA — branch campus of the FSBEIFPE RMACPE MOH Russia
Published: August 2024

Актуальность. Для достижения целевого уровня давления при глаукоме используется медикаментозная терапия, большинство пациентов получают комбинированную терапию. В 2023 году в России была зарегистрирована фиксированная комбинация 2% дорзоламида и 0,005% латанопроста (ФКДЛ). Цель. Исследование эффективности и безопасности ФКДЛ. Материал и методы.78 пациентов, 133 глаза. 31 пациент мужского пола (40%), 47 — женского (60%). Возраст — 36–86 лет, средний возраст — 61 год. Ювенильная глаукома — 5 глаз (4%), ГНД — 8 глаз (6%). ПОУГ — 64 глаза (48%), ПЭГ — 37 глаз (28%), ЗУГ — 12 глаз (9%), подозрение на глаукому — 7 глаз (5%). Впервые выявленная глаукома — 21 глаз (16%), мед — 60 глаз (45%), мед+лазер — 29 глаз (22%), мед+хирургия — 10 глаз (7%), мед+лазер+хирургия — 13 глаз (10%). Стадии: подозрение — 9 глаз (7%), I — 63 глаза (47%), II — 39 глаз (29%), III — 22 глаза (17%). Пациентам проводилось стандартное офтальмологическое обследование. Результаты. Среднее ВГД у первичных пациентов до терапии 24,8 мм рт.ст., после — 18,0 мм рт.ст., на 6,8 мм рт.ст. — 27,4%. Среднее ВГД у пациентов при переводе с АПГ — 20,9 мм рт.ст., после — 17,6 мм рт.ст., на 3,3 мм рт.ст. — 15,7%. Среднее ВГД у пациентов с комбинированной терапией: до — 21,5 мм рт.ст., после — 18,3 мм рт.ст., на 3,2 мм рт.ст. — 14,9%. В ходе смены гипотензивной терапии удалось уменьшить среднее количество закапываний с 2,05 до 1,42 у одного пациента. Побочные эффекты: местная конъюнктивальная инъекция — у 14 пациентов (19%). В 50% инъекция слабая, 22% умеренная. В 3 случаях терапия была отменена по причине побочных явлений. Выводы. ФКДЛ обладает значимым гипотензивным эффектом. Препарат обладает высоким профилем безопасности. Уменьшено количество закапываний в течение суток, что повышает приверженность к лечению.
Organ of vision problems caused by gas weapons damage. Literature review
Authors:   Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov, Kacherovich P.A. , Kulikov A.N. ,   Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov
Published: August 2024

Актуальность. На сегодняшний день разрешено к использованию газовое оружие исключительно в виде средств для самообороны (вещества и их концентрации не могут принести тяжелый вред здоровью человека). Цель. Изучить современное состояние вопроса использования газового оружия самообороны (ирритантов). Материал и методы. Проведен анализ современной литературы и источников информации с упоминанием использования газового оружия самообороны и последствий их воздействия на человека. Результаты.и обсуждение. На сегодняшний день доля поражений органа зрения газовым оружием самообороны достигает 3–10 % от общего числа травм органа зрения. Чаще всего поражаются лица трудоспособного возраста (25–34 лет). При этом доля средней тяжести и тяжелых поражений глаз, требующих специализированной медицинской помощи, достигает 8,7 % от числа офтальмологических поражений ирритантами. Сейчас все чаще появляется информация об использовании ирритантов на поле боя украинскими неонацистами с Цель. дезориентации на местности российских военнослужащих. Несмотря на преимущественно легкий характер поражения глаз (около 50,5 %), в ряде случаев возможно развитие неблагоприятных исходов в виде: симблефарона, персистрирующей эрозии, васкуляризации роговицы, образование бельм, есть упоминания единичных смертельных случаев. Заключение. Поражение глаз газовым оружием самообороны продолжает оставаться актуальной проблемой офтальмологии, требующей внимания и дополнительного изучения.
Intraocular mutual burden syndrome in case of a gunshot penetrating injury of the eyeball
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy The Department of ophthalmology, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kolbin A.A. , Kulikov A.N. ,   S.M. Kirov Military medical academy The Department of ophthalmology, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: August 2024

Актуальность. Авторы отмечают низкие функциональные и анатомические исходы огнестрельной открытой травмы глаза (ООТГ) мирного и военного времени. В качестве причин этого указывают на тяжесть и формирование нескольких травматических патологических очагов в оболочках глаза его внутренних структурах. По-этому особенно актуально становится изучение патофизиологии ООТГ на экспериментальной модели. Цель.Изучить стандартизированную экспериментальную модель с использованием гистоморфологического метода исследования. Материал и методы.При изучении стандартизированной модели ООТГ выполняли гистологические исследования глазного яблока 36 кроликов (71 глаз) в контрольные сроки эксперимента. Модель воспроизводили на пневматической установке. Результаты.После травмы при микроскопии локализовали полнослойную рану фиброзной стенки глаза в которой определяли вклиненное стекловидное тело с его выпадением за пределы глазного яблока. В передней камере — гифему, отрыв корня радужки, супрахороидально и интрахороидально кровоизлияние. В стекловидном теле — гемофтальм. С 3-х суток и далее определяли признаки ПВР — инфильтрацию и миграцию клеточных элементов с переходом в пролиферацию, и формирование нежных фиброзных мембран на поверхностях сетчатки и в стекловидном теле. Эти изменения приводили к складчатости и отслойке сетчатки. Итогом ПВР было формирование рыхлой соединительной ткани во всех структурах глазного яблока. Результаты.Гистологическое исследование экспериментальной модели ООТГ показало множество фокусов патологических изменений практически всех структур глазного яблока. Выводы и обсуждение. Экспериментально с использованием гистологического исследования доказана многофокусность патологических изменений всех структур глаза, в том числе ПВР, на модели ООТГ. Это обосновывает использование термина «синдром внутриглазного взаимного отягощения», который может являться причиной низких функциональных и анатомических исходов ООТГ.