bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of meaningful change in bowel movement frequency for patients with carcinoid syndrome
Authors: Hudgens Stacie , Ramage John , Kulke Matthew , Bergsland Emily , Anthony Lowell , Caplin Martyn , Öberg Kjell , Pavel Marianne , Gable Jonathon , Banks Phillip , Yang Qi Melissa , Lapuerta Pablo
Published: October 2019

Background

Carcinoid syndrome is associated with a reduced quality of life that can be attributed to symptoms such as diarrhea and fatigue as well as social and financial issues. This study was conducted to psychometrically assess meaningful change in bowel movement frequency among carcinoid syndrome patients using data from the TELESTAR clinical study.

Methods

An anchor-based approach for deriving meaningful change thresholds consisted of mapping change from baseline bowel movement frequency to other patient-reported assessments of change. These included the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core Questionnaire (QLQ-C30) Diarrhea Symptom responders, the EORTC Gastrointestinal NET questionnaire (GI.NET21) GI Symptom responders, and reported adequate relief at Week 12 (≥ 10-point score decrease from Day 1 to Week 12). Parameters included within-group mean change from baseline to Week 12, t-tests of the change (Wilcoxon rank sum for adequate relief), and effect size.

Results

There were 135 carcinoid syndrome patients with a mean baseline frequency of 5.7 bowel movements a day. A distribution-based method yielded meaningful change estimates of 0.62 bowel movements a day for overall frequency and 0.83 bowel movements a day at Week 12. Anchor-based analysis indicated a large effect size among patients who reported adequate relief at Week 12 (− 1.58;n = 18;P = 0.014), the QLQ-C30 Diarrhea domain responders (− 1.24;n = 40;P < 0.001), and the GI.NET21 GI Symptoms Domain responders (− 1.49;n = 25;P = 0.005). Exit interview data for meaningful change yielded effect size estimates of − 1.57 for overall change during the Double-blind Treatment Period and − 1.97 for change between Baseline and Week 12.

Conclusions

Meaningful change derivation is critical to interpret patient outcomes for evaluating treatment efficacy. In this study, carcinoid syndrome patients experienced clinically meaningful reductions in bowel movement frequency of ≥30% over 12 weeks with telotristat ethyl treatment.

Trial registration

NCT01677910.
Fibromyalgia in the workplace: risk factors for sick leave are related to professional context rather than fibromyalgia characteristics— a French national survey of 955 patients
Authors: Laroche F. , Azoulay D. , Trouvin A. P. , Coste J. , Perrot S.
Published: October 2019

Background

Work and workplace factors are important in fibromyalgia management. We investigated factors associated with sick leave in professionally active women living with fibromyalgia.

Methods

A questionnaire for fibromyalgia patients in employment was developed by pain and occupational physicians and patients’ organizations. Women in full-time work, screened for fibromyalgia with the FiRST questionnaire, were recruited for a national online survey. Sick leave over the preceding year was analyzed.

Results

In 5 months, we recruited 955 women, with a mean of 37 days of sick leave in the previous year: no sick leave (36%), up to 1 month (38%), 1 to 2 months (14%), more than 2 months (12%). In the groups displayed no differences in demographic characteristics, fibromyalgia symptoms, functional severity and psychological distress were observed. However, they differed in workplace characteristics, commute time, stress and difficulties at work, repetitive work, noisy conditions, career progression problems and lack of recognition, which were strong independent risk factors for longer sick leave. Sedentary positions, an extended sitting position, heavy loads, exposure to thermal disturbances and the use of vibrating tools did not increase the risk of sick leave.

Conclusions

Women with fibromyalgia frequently take sick leave, the risk factors for which are related to the workplace rather than fibromyalgia characteristics.

Perspective

This is the first study to assess the impact of occupational and clinical factors on sick leave in women living with fibromyalgia. Risk factors were found to be related to the workplace rather than fibromyalgia and personal characteristics. Workplace interventions should be developed for women with fibromyalgia.
Exploitation of sweet lemon residues in the production of essential oils
Authors: Khalid Khalid A. , El-Gohary Ahmed E. , Ahmed Aisha M. A.
Published: October 2019

Background and objective

The constituents of sweet lemon essential oil (EO) have different biological and medical properties. The exploitation of sweet lemon residues in the production of EO is an important means of increasing natural products and disposing of those residues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the EO extracted from various sweet lemon residues such as leaves, flowers, and peels of fruits to find out their content of active substances.

Materials and methods

The EO of different residues of sweet lemon was isolated by hydrodistillation (HD) method, then they were analyzed by GC/MS. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA-1.

Results

The content of EO (%) was higher in peels than in flowers or leaves. Citronellal, nerol, and limonene were the major constituents of EO extracted from leaves, flowers, and peels, respectively. All detected components of various oils belonged to four chemical fractions (monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH), oxygenated monoterpenes (OM), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (SH), and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (OS)). The MH was the major faction of peel EO while the OM was the major fraction of leaf and flower EOs. The SH and OS were formed as the minor fractions in all EOs.

Conclusion

Different variations were observed in sweet lemon EO extracted from various residues which lead to diversity in natural sources of EO production.
Plant response to jasmonates: current developments and their role in changing environment
Authors: Siddiqi Khwaja Salahuddin , Husen Azamal
Published: October 2019

Jasmonates (JAs) are universally known lipid-derived phytohormones which regulate overall plant growth under both abiotic and biotic stresses. They are helpful in developing root and reproductive system in plants. Also, JA signaling triggers gene expression. They coordinate with other plant hormones under changing environmental conditions. JAs alone or sometimes in combination with other plant hormones ameliorate stress conditions. They also participate in upregulation of antioxidant metabolism, osmolyte synthesis, and metabolite accumulation. Pretreatment and/or exogenous application of JA exhibited multi-stress resilience under changing environment as well as other biotic stress conditions. The present review focuses on our current understanding of how plants respond to JAs’ application under extremely low or high temperature, highly alkaline condition, or even when attacked by herbivorous insects/animals. As a consequence of injury, the plant produces defense molecules to protect itself from damage. Their major role and mechanism of action under heavy metal/metalloid-induced toxicity have also been discussed.
Immobilienpreise und Immobilienzyklen und die Rolle von Angebotsbeschränkungen*
Authors: Hilber Christian A. L.
Published: October 2019

Dieser Artikel untersucht die Auswirkungen von Angebotsbeschränkungen auf die Wachstumsrate und Zyklizität von Immobilienpreisen. Einfache Überlegungen zum Zusammenspiel von Angebot und Nachfrage lassen vermuten, dass Immobilienpreise dort stärker auf lokale Nachfrageschocks reagieren, wo es stärkere Bodennutzungsregulierungen und geografische Barrieren zur Erschließung und Bebauung von Flächen gibt, d. h. wo das Wohnimmobilienangebot preisunelastischer ist. Diese Vermutung wird durch die empirische Evidenz gestützt. Lokale Bodennutzungsregulierungen sind ein besonders entscheidender Faktor, welcher nicht nur lokale Unterschiede im Preiswachstum, sondern auch in der Preiszyklizität erklärt. Allerdings können sich starke Immobilienpreisaufschwünge auch in Standorten etwickeln, in denen die Bautätigkeit langfristig kaum eingeschränkt ist. Ein typisches Merkmal solcher Zyklen ist, dass der Preisverfall aufgrund erheblicher Überkapazitäten tendenziell ausgeprägter ist, als der Anstieg während der vorherigen Boomphase, so dass Immobilienpreise nach dem Preisverfall häufig niedriger sind als vor Beginn des Booms. Die Kurzsichtigkeit von Erschließungsunternehmen und Kreditgebern in Verknüpfung mit kurzfristigen Angebotsrigiditäten oder irrationale Übertreibungen (Euphorie unter Investoren) sind zwei plausible Erklärungen für dieses Phänomen.
Gewinner und Verlierer von Stadtentwicklung: Ein Plädoyer für mehr Wohneigentum
Authors: Ahlfeldt Gabriel M. , Maennig Wolfgang
Published: October 2019

Der Wunsch nach mehr Wohneigentum ist in Deutschland ungebrochen. Allerdings gelingt es nicht allen Haushalten, diesen Wunsch in die Tat umzusetzen.

Die theoretische und empirische Literatur zu den externen Nutzen und Kosten der Eigennutzung liefert keine überzeugenden Argumente, welche ein politisches Gegensteuern gegen steigende Eigennutzerquoten rechtfertigen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag führen wir als bisher weitgehend unbeachteten externen Nutzen der Eigennutzung an, dass die regressiven Verteilungswirkungen einer auf Verbesserung von Lebensumständen bedachten Stadtentwicklungspolitik verringert werden: Während Eigentümer von Entwicklungsmaßnahmen in ihrer Umgebung meist gewinnen, verlieren Mieter in der Regel.

Die nicht-konservativen Parteien unterstützen in Deutschland jedoch kaum die Wohneigentumsbildung; dies verwundert angesichts dessen, dass die Mehrheit der nicht-konservativen Wähler in den meisten vergleichbaren Ländern Hauseigentümer sind; in Deutschland sind 49 % der SPD-Wähler Immobilieneigentümer (Kohl 2018). Die nicht-konservativen Parteien in Deutschland sollten Strategien entwickeln, mit denen sie durch aktive „linke Politik“ den Traum vom Eigenheim realisieren und Wähler erhalten oder sogar gewinnen können.
Love is love is love is love: From flaktivism to consumer activism in LGBTQ+ communities
Authors: Corey Amy M.
Published: October 2019

This article explores the complex intersections of visibility, identity and consumer activism in LGBTQ+ communities. While the purchase of consumer goods may serve important functions for identity construction and increasing awareness, it also raises concerns about commodification and the effectiveness of consumer activism. Beginning with a description of support for LGBTQ+ communities following the massacre at the Pulse nightclub, the discussion moves to a brief history of different modes of consumer activism. Next, Herman and Chomsky’s Propaganda Model (PM) is presented, adapted and then applied to LGBTQ+ consumer activist commodities with a focus on the role of flak. Distinct from other forms of consumer activism, flaktivism refers to the merging of flak with activism. Key issues surrounding identity formation and raising awareness are integrated into questions of LGBTQ+ visibility and the importance of symbolic values generated through consumption practices. The article concludes with a critique of the limitations of flaktivism and calls for the advancement of LGBTQ+ civil and human rights.
Book Reviews
Authors: Ponce Aaron Raphael , García-Iglesias Jaime , Padilla Elisa , McHarry Kirwan
Published: October 2019

Anti-Gender Campaigns in Europe: Mobilizing against Equality, Roman Kuhar and David Paternotte (eds) (2017) London: Rowman and Littlefield International, 302 pp., ISBN 978-1-78348-999-2, h/bk, $132.00; ISBN 978-1-78660-000-4, p/bk, $41.95

Many Splendored Things: Thinking Sex and Play, Susanna Paasonen (2018) London: Goldsmiths Press, 208 pp., ISBN 978-1-90689-782-6, h/bk, $30.00

RuPaul’s Drag Race and the Shifting Visibility of Drag Culture, Niall Brennan and David Gudelunas (eds) (2017) Cham: Springer Nature and Palgrave Macmillan, 309 pp., ISBN 978-3-31950-617-3, h/bk, $109.00; ISBN 978-3-31984-444-2, p/bk, $34.99

Struggling for Ordinary: Media and Transgender Belonging in Everyday Life, Andre Cavalcante (2018) New York: New York University Press, 221 pp., ISBN 978-1-47988-130-7, h/bk, $89.00; ISBN 978-1-47984-131-8, p/bk, $27.00
Film Review
Authors: Slattery James Lawrence
Published: October 2019

The Favourite, Yorgos Lanthimos (2018) Ireland, UK and USA: Foxlight Searchlight Pictures
Vector-borne nematode diseases in pets and humans in the Mediterranean Basin: An update
Authors: Tahir Djamel , Davoust Bernard , Parola Philippe
Published: October 2019

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. The scale of VBDs is increasing worldwide, including in the Mediterranean Basin, a region exposed to climate changes. Indeed, weather conditions may influence the abundance and distribution of vectors. The vector-borne nematode diseases of dogs and cats, such as dirofilariosis, onchocercosis, thelaziosis, Cercopithifilaria, and Acanthocheilonema infections, are some of these vectorized diseases, several of which are zoonoses. They are all caused by parasitic nematodes transmitted by arthropods, including mosquitoes (Dirofilaria spp.), black flies (Onchocerca lupi), drosophilids (Thelazia callipaeda), ticks (Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides and Cercopithifilaria bainae), and fleas and lice (Acanthocheilonema reconditum). The control and prevention of these infections and diseases require a multidisciplinary approach based on strengthening collaboration between the different actors in the fields of health, research, sociology, economics, governments and citizens, to improve human, animal, and ecosystem health. This is the concept of "one health." The review aimed to provide a general update on the spatial and temporal distribution of vector-borne nematodes diseases affecting companion animals and humans, as well as the vectors involved in the Mediterranean area. Simultaneously, certain epidemiological parameters, diagnosis, treatment, and control of these diseases based on the "one health" concept will also be discussed.
Prevalence and economic losses of calf fetal wastage in ELAKAT public slaughterhouse of Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Mutwedu Valence Bwana , Buuma Bernard Kanyungu , Mushagalusa Arsene Ciza , Bisimwa Ntagereka Patrick , Cirezi Nadege Cizungu , Mugumaarhahama Yannick , Ayagirwe Rodrigue Balthazar Basengere
Published: October 2019

Aim: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of calf fetal wastage and its economic implications at ELAKAT slaughterhouse, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo) to fill the research gap in relationship with this thematic. The study investigations took place from May to September 2018. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried at the slaughterhouse. For each visit, the number of cattle slaughtered, the number of pregnant cows slaughtered, and gestational ages (stage of pregnancy of the dam, and estimated by crown-rump length) of the fetuses were recorded. Results: Out of the 1035 cattle slaughtered during the study period, 970 were females. A total of 255 fetuses were recovered, representing a fetal recovery rate of 26.28%. The study established that one fetus was lost out of 4.5 cows slaughtered, and most of fetuses recovered (58.1%) were in the first trimester of gestation while 29.1% and 12.8% were, respectively, in the second and third trimester. Their age varied from 1.2 to 8.6 months, with body length ranging from 14 cm to 92 cm while their weight varied from 1.0 kg to 23.0 kg. The economic loss associated with the total cattle fetal wastages was estimated at Congo Democratic Francs (CDF) 29,906,400 ($15,787.5) with a monthly average of CDF 5,981,280 ($3,157.5). Conclusion: These results attested that slaughtering pregnant cows constitute a strong constraint on cattle industry development in DR Congo. Urgent measures, such as adequate enforcement of legislations on routine veterinary examinations at slaughterhouses as well as livestock owner's sensitization, are required to avoid selling pregnant cows during calving season.
Long Term Evaluation Of Maxillary Growth After ‘The Non Denuded Palatoplasty’ Technique
Authors: Kreshanti Prasetyanugraheni , Handayani Siti , Rachmasari Maulina , Pancawati Julieta , Susanto Amila Jeni , Wangge Grace , Indania Alita
Published: October 2019

Background : Conventional Two Flap Palatoplasty technique will produce lateral defects without any periosteal coverage. These denuded lateral defects are prone to contamination and infection. These will result in wound contraction, scar formation and maxillary growth impairment. In 2011, we studied “The Non Denuded Palatoplasty” technique. This technique precipitated the epithelialization process of the lateral defects. Faster epithelialization is expected to decrease wound contraction and good maxillary growth.

Method : This is a case control study to compare the maxillary growth of 2 groups consists of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients repaired with “The Non Denuded Palatoplasty” technique and Conventional Two Flap Palatoplasty. The outcome will be evaluated from cephalometry and the dental cast for each patient is evaluated using GOSLON YARDSTICK method. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Result : A total of 4 patients in The Non Denuded Palatoplasty group and 10 in the Conventional Two Flap Palatoplasty. The cephalometric SNA, SNB and ANB point showed Class III skeletal jaw relationship or deficient maxilla. Meanwhile the GOSLON yardstick type III are the most common GOSLON on both group with good inter-ratter reliability (p=0.839) based on Mann Whitney test. In these study, there was no correlation between cephalometric variables with GOSLON score.

Conclusion: Our results showed that modification (The Non Denuded Palatoplasty) technique made no statistically significant difference to the maxillary growth. However this study has several limitations, one of which being the small sample size due to family, social and other factors that are beyond the control of the investigating team. Also the evaluation was conducted in patients aged 7-9 years, hence the result of this study is not the final outcome.

Keywords: maxillary growth evaluation, cephalometry, Goslon Yardstick, two flap palatoplasty
Reconstruction Of Noe Fracture With Immediate Diced Costal Cartilage Grafting: A Case Series
Authors: Bangun Kristaninta , Maulana Muhammad Iqbal , Putra Teuku Nanda
Published: October 2019

Background : Naso-orbital-ethmoid (NOE) fracture is one of the common injury and the management remains difficult and controversial due to the anatomic complexity. Severe facial deformity and dysfunction are the results from the untreated injury. Moreover, the results from many procedures are not aesthetically satisfying. Meanwhile diced cartilage graft popularity is increasing in order to correct nasal deformity whether post trauma, revision (secondary) rhinoplasty or cleft nose. The procedure is less time consuming, easy to perform and also highly malleable.

Methods : This study presents our experience in managing four patients with NOE fracture using costal cartilage graft technique immediately after injury. A columellar V-shaped incision was made, the finely diced cartilage harvested from the eight rib was injected to the glabella, dorsum and nasal tip using one cc syringe needle with cut tip. Demographic data were obtained from the patients’ medical record. Post-operative results were observed.

 Result: The four surgeries were done, with average 5.75 (range, 2-9) days after injury. During the observation, nasal tip misalignment was observed in only one patient. Diced cartilage were not visible through the skin, although it could be palpable. No cartilage extrusion were occurred. After averange follow up 10.25 mo (range 8-12 mo) All patients were satisfied with their facial appearance.

Conclusion: The fracture of NOE can be manage with immediate diced costal cartilage graft, since this treatment can achieve a normal facial function and appearance. The complications are low and manageable, making it as serious contender technique of choice in managing NOE fracture to other techniques.

Keywords: NOE fracture, diced costal cartilage graft, facial fracture
Constantin Brunner als Denker der Moderne. Eine biographische und philosophische Skizze
Authors: Zimmer Robert
Published: October 2019

The essay is meant to be an introduction to both Brunner’s life and work. It follows Brunner’s development from a young man, deeply rooted in Jewish orthodoxy, to a secular thinker who made his own original contribution to modern philosophy. In his basic and most important work, Die Lehre von den Geistigen und vom Volk, he develops a quite innovative theory of our »relative« world perception, which is on a par with Einstein’s theory of relativity. In his attempt to define the unifying experience of true reality in the faculty of »spiritual thinking« Brunner sheds a new light on the figure of Jesus Christ by making him a representative of a new secular spirituality. But Brunner is also portrayed as an enlightened political thinker, a partisan of Jewish emancipation and a fierce critic of antisemitism, whose criticism of Zionism made him a controversial figure inside the Jewish community.
Constantin Brunners Auffassung des Jüdischen
Authors: Stenzel Jürgen
Published: October 2019

»Jewishness« and »Jewish identity«, two of the most controversial concepts inside and outside the Jewish community, are center stage in Constantin Brunner’s thinking. Although he regarded religion as »superstition«, he himself was deeply rooted in religious traditions and the issue of Jewishness plays an important part in all of his works. Brunner is concerned with all questions traditionally related to Jewishness: the question of race and ethnicity, of religion and the question of Jewishness as historical heritage. In contrast to some of his prominent contemporaries, Martin Buber for instance, Brunner does not link »Jewishness« to race or ethnic heritage, but to cultural tradition. In the »spirit of Judaism« he finds the roots of his own mystical and spiritual thinking. On the political and social level, Brunner rejects the concept of a Jewish nation. A fervent advocate of assimilation, he saw himself not as a »Jewish« but as a »German« citizen of Jewish descent.
Emanzipation von der jüdischen Orthodoxie. Die Jugend- und Lehrjahre 1862-1890 des Leo Wertheimer alias Constantin Brunner
Authors: Springborn Matthias
Published: October 2019

This biographical essay is designed to give a survey of Constantin Brunnerʼs early years, from his childhood and youth until the end of his student days, based on the available letters, manuscripts and published writings. A major focus is on Brunnerʼs intellectual development from protected child, spiritually shaped by Jewish orthodoxy, to aspiring religious scholar and finally to the secular philosopher known today. The article is therefore a contribution to a range of research topics: to the field of German-Jewish biography during the period of the German Empire; but also to the history of ideas, particularly in relation to the secularization of religious minorities. It also touches upon developments inside the Jewish community: the way different intellectual and religious currents are related to each other, the informal networks between Jewish intellectuals and how national (German or Jewish) identity is related to the Jewish self-image.
Constantin Brunner und das prophetische Judentum
Authors: Rodan Martin
Published: October 2019

Constantin Brunner studied Judaism from a multitude of sources. The originality of his interpretation of Prophetic Judaism is based, however, on his philosophical concept of »spiritual thinking«, one of the three faculties of his »Fakultätenlehre«. True biblical prophets in the tradition of Moses should, according to Brunner, therefore be considered as »spiritual« geniuses. In his view, the Bible is a collective work of Jewish prophetism which includes Jesus as a late-born prophet. The three traditional monotheistic religions, on the other hand, are seen as more or less distorted versions of Prophetic Judaism. The article discusses Brunner’s approach to authentic biblical prophecy, based on words and acts of Jeremiah, Esaias, Amos and other prophets, focussing on the sources of their prophetic inspiration and on their role in the society of their time. Brunner argues that Prophetic Judaism could play an important role even today by challenging the values of our time.
Gustav Landauer und Constantin Brunner. Umrisse einer Begegnung
Authors: Rolletschek Jan
Published: October 2019

In 1904, Constantin Brunner called Gustav Landauer the »most important exponent of anarchism in Germany«. In 1911, Landauer admired Brunner as »one of the most powerful thinkers« he knew. From 1903 until 1911 the two of them developed an intense intellectual friendship, sharing an interest in epistemology, mysticism and the philosophy of Spinoza. Their practical philosophies diverged quite substantially however. While Brunner believed in an anthropological divide within humankind, Landauer strove to integrate humankind on the basis of a spiritual renewal. The article attempts to outline their relationship and provide some clues as to what was at stake in the conflict that ended it.
Der »große Philosoph« und der ihm »lieb gewordene Verein«. Zum Verhältnis von Constantin Brunner und dem Centralverein deutscher Staatsbürger jüdischen Glaubens
Authors: Krah Franziska
Published: October 2019

How did the controversial philosopher Constantin Brunner come to collaborate with the largest Jewish association in Germany, the Centralverein deutscher Staatsbürger jüdischen Glaubens? And why did they dissolve in 1931? The article examines the multi-layered relationship between Brunner and the Centralverein between 1920 and 1931 on the basis of related publications, public debates, and the available internal correspondence and association files. Mutual expectations as well as political and ideological similarities between the association and the philosopher are discussed, as are points of conflict. Topics such as the defense against anti-Semitism and Brunnerʼs analysis of anti-Semitism are touched upon, as are debates on Jewish identity and the related question of the extent to which the Jewish population should be absorbed in non-Jewish society.
»Die angesteckten Juden«. Constantin Brunners Antizionismus
Authors: Hahn Hans-Joachim
Published: October 2019

The article analyses Brunner’s attitude towards Zionism from the time when he conceived »Der Judenhass und die Juden«, focussing on his writings on Antisemitism and on questions of German-Jewish belonging. There is something remarkable about the historical moment when Brunner engaged with the question of Antisemitism. Whereas the rise of Antisemitism in the 1870 s prompted a number of Jewish public reactions and analyses, there was a visible decline in their number after the turn of the century. On the other hand, it was by no means extraordinary that Brunner connected his critical reflections on anti-Jewish sentiments with a negative attitude towards Zionism. The radicalism of his position becomes evident, however, in the fact that he treated both the hatred of Jews and Zionism as just two aspects of the same tragedy. While after 1912 his explicit anti-Zionism was, to a certain degree, shared by many members of the »Centralverein«, his position with respect to nation and nationhood tended towards the more radical views of Max Naumann, who associated Jewish identity with German nationalism.
»Wie ich in meinem Lande bin, so ist mein Land in mir«. Constantin Brunner im holländischen Exil 1933-1937
Authors: Baltschev Bettina
Published: October 2019

Even before, in May 1933, the new Nazi regime in Germany began to ostracize, and burn the books of, so-called »un-German« authors, Constantin Brunner went into exile in The Hague. That he decided to go to the Netherlands is not surprising. The Netherlands were the homeland of Baruch de Spinoza, whose thinking is the most important influence on Brunner’s philosophical work. In The Hague he continued his philosophical studies and exchanged opinions and countless letters with friends, companions and followers in all corners of the world. But although Constantin Brunner was out of harm’s way and was, even in exile and far from home, able to dedicate himself wholly to his work, his health declined rapidly. He died on August 27, 1937. But his work has survived in The Hague where, in 1947, Magdalena Kasch founded the »Internationaal Brunner Instituut«.
High performance polyimide films containing benzimidazole moieties for thin film solar cells
Authors: Ma Pengchang , Dai Chuntao , Liu Hongbo
Published: October 2019

In order to match the fabrication process of flexible Copper-Indium-Gallium-Selenide (CIGS) solar cell, a series of polyimides (PIs) with high initial decomposition temperatures (Td) were prepared from 6,4′-diamino-2′-trifluoromethyl-2-phenylbenzimidazole (DATFPBI), p-phenylenediamine (p-PPD), and S-type biphenyl dianhydride (s-BPDA) using a sequential copolymerization, casting, and thermal imidization process. The physical properties of the PIs were found to be effectively modified by adjusting both the ratio of the rigid momomers and the thermal imidization process. With the introduction of DATFPBI, the polymers showed significant improvements in thermal stability, thermal expansion, moisture absorption and mechanical properties. PIPBId, one of the synthesized PI film, exhibited an excellent comprehensive performance: a glass transition temperature of 368°C, a tensile modulus of 6.8 GPa, a linar coefficient thermal expansion (CTE) of 16.8 ppm/K, and a moisture absorption of 1.42%. Furthermore, Td of this thin film was up to 524°C,which indicated that the PIPBId film is a competitive candidate as the flexible substrate for CIGS, Copper-Zinc-Tin-Sulphide (CZTS) solar cell and flexible printed circuit boards (FPCB) where high process temperature is necessary.
Rigid polyurethane/expanded vermiculite/ melamine phenylphosphate composite foams with good flame retardant and mechanical properties
Authors: Xia Zeyu , Wang Zhengzhou
Published: October 2019

Expanded vermiculite (EV) was introduced into rigid polyurethane (RPU) foam. The incorporation of 10 wt% EV into RPU foam increases the compressive strength and the flexural strength by 82% and by 115%, respectively compared with untreated RPU foam. The LOI of RPU foam containing 20 wt% EV is only 19.5%. To further improve the flame retardancy of RPU/EV composite foam, melamine phenylphosphate (MPP) was synthesized and introduced into the RPU/EV composite foam. The RPU/EV composite foam with 15% MPP (sample RPU/EV/MPP15) has a LOI of 27.5% and a V0 rating in the vertical UL-94 test. The PHRR and THR of sample RPU/EV/MPP15 decrease by 39% and 24%, respectively, compared with the ones of untreated RPU/EV composite foam. The compressive strength and flexural strength of RPU/EV/MPP composite foam gradually decrease with the increase in the amount of MPP. TGA results indicated that the addition of MPP further increase the residue char of the RPU/EV composite foam.
Crystal structure of N-methyl-N-phenyl(methylsulfanyl)carbothioamide, C9H11NS2
Authors: Lo Kong Mun , Lee See Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: October 2019

C9H11NS2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 5.6183(1) Å, b = 18.2426(3) Å, c = 9.5185(2) Å, β = 96.835(2)°, V = 968.64(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0303, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0826, T = 100(2) K.
Combining sign and parametric restrictions in SVARs by utilising Givens rotations
Authors: Fisher Lance A. , Huh Hyeon-seung
Published: October 2019

This paper shows how to impose parametric restrictions in conjunction with sign restrictions to separate the shocks in SVARs. In sign restrictions, it is common to rotate an initial set of orthogonal shocks by utilising a Givens rotation matrix. In this paper, we show how to construct the Givens rotation matrix when parametric restrictions are part of the identification in sign restricted SVARs. The properties of Givens matrices are such that the parametric restrictions imply a system of equations which can be solved for the unknown parameters (or “angles”) in a rotation matrix, conditional on the values of the parameters which are drawn. The Givens rotation matrix formed in this manner is such that the parametric restrictions on the impulse responses are satisfied on each draw in sign restrictions. The method is demonstrated in an influential SVAR and is shown to generate results similar to those from a recent method which imposes the orthogonality and zero parametric restrictions on the columns of the rotation matrix in sign restrictions.
A Review of Microsurgery Versus Endoscopy: Controversies for Treatment of Colloid Cysts
Authors: Razzaghi Alireza , Yousefi Atefeh , Alizadeh Sajjad
Published: October 2019

Background: There is controversy about the value of endoscopic methods compared to microsurgical methods in the treatment of challenging colloidal cysts. This study aimed to review the findings of literature which studied microsurgery or neuroendoscopy in the colloid cyst. Methods: An advanced search in PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases performed using keywords such as: "microsurgery," "endoscopy," "microsurgery versus endoscopy," and "colloid cysts." Results: Reviewing the findings of related studies showed some differences in sections of surgical management, microsurgery, endoscopy, complete cyst resection, recurrence rate, length of stay, and complications between the two surgical methods in the treatment of colloid cyst. Conclusion: Despite some disadvantages of endoscopy, it seems this method has more privileges than the other methods.
Etiology of the Neonatal Seizures: An Epidemiological Study
Authors: Zafari Ali , Pajouhandeh Fatemeh , Arab Ahmadi Mehran
Published: October 2019

Background: Neonatal seizure is a rare neurologic condition. The current study aimed at determining the etiology of neonatal seizure. Methods: The current study evaluated the data of 100 neonates who were hospitalized at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during 2015-2017. A pediatric neurologist made the final diagnosis of seizure. Patients’ medical records were used to review neonatal seizure variables. SPSS (version 16) was used to perform the statistical analyses. Results: The current study enrolled 100 newborns (41% female) admitted to the NICU following the first episode of seizure and the body temperature of 36.8-39.2°C (mean: 37.2°C). Of 100 participants, 94 (94%) had acute symptomatic seizure and 6 (6%) were compatible with neonatal epilepsy syndrome criteria. According to the results, the commonest etiologies were the neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy constituting 82% of participants. Conclusion: The consequences of acute symptomatic seizures in neonates are determined mainly by the etiology of the seizures. Seizure burden and use of anti-seizure drugs may also have some impact, but this has yet to be fully defined.
Effect of Nanomicelle Curcumin on Quality of Life and Sleep in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease: A Double-Blind, Randomized, and PlaceboControlled Trial
Authors: Maghbooli Mehdi , Safarnejad Bahareh , Mostafavi Hossein , Mazloomzadeh Saeideh , Ghoreishi Abdoreza
Published: October 2019

Background: Considering the evidence indicating the neuronal protective effects of curcumin in previous studies, this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, and parallel-group trial was aimed at exploring the possible nanomicelle curcumin (SinaCurcumin®, nano-micellar soft gel)- mediated impact on sleep, fatigue, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: A sample of 50 PD patients were recruited and randomly divided into experimental (25) and control groups (25). Sleep quality, fatigue, and QoL were assessed based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire–39 (PDQ-39), respectively, at the beginning and the end of the study. The groups were treated for three months by 80 mg of nano-micellar soft gel twice a day. Results: Nanomicelle curcumin significantly increased sleep quality and QoL compared with placebo (P values=0.0001 and 0.0002, respectively) in PD patients. This significant difference has not influenced by the duration of the disease, the severity of disease progression (Hoehn & Yahr scale), and the cumulative dose of levodopa. This supplement did not have a significant effect on the fatigue severity of patients compared to placebo. Conclusion: It has proposed that the nanomicelle curcumin can be used to improve sleep quality and QoL in PD patients.
Effectiveness of Stress Management With Cognitive-Behavioral Approach on Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Mothers of Children With Cancer
Authors: Hajiseyedjavadi Tahere , Hatami Mohammad , Ahadi Hasan , Kraskian Adis
Published: October 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stress management therapy with a cognitive-behavioral approach to cognitive emotion regulation in mothers of children with cancer. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow up design as well as the control group. The statistical population of this study included all mothers of children with cancer who referred to the Qods children’s hospital located in Qazvin province. A sample of 30 subjects was selected through purposive sampling and assigned to two groups of experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15). Both groups were pre-tested using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Then, the experimental group received 8 sessions of training in stress management skills with cognitive-behavioral approach while the control group did not receive any intervention. Subsequently, both groups administered post-test, and the data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using single variable one-way ANOVA. Results: The results showed improvement in the scores of the experimental group mothers in cognitive emotion regulation variable and components of self-blame, acceptance, rumination, positive refocusing, refocus on planning, perspective-taking, catastrophization, and other-blame. However, no significant improvement observed in the component of positive reappraisal in parents of children with cancer (P<0.01) and this maintained at the follow-up stage. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study it can be concluded that teaching stress coping strategies with a cognitive-behavioral approach is an effective way to teach emotion regulation strategies to mothers of children with cancer suffering from emotional distress.
Fatty Infiltration in Multifidus Muscles and its Association With Spinal MRI Findings
Authors: Bayat Masume , Keshavarz Elham , Haghighatkhah Hamidreza , Sanaei Taheri Morteza
Published: October 2019

Background: The present cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate the relation between fatty infiltration (FI) in multifidus muscles and spinal MRI findings among patients who referred to Sina Athar and Kosar imaging centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Methods: Discovertebral and facet joint degenerative changes, intervertebral foraminal narrowing, disk herniation and central canal stenosis in all lumbar levels and FI in multifidus muscles at the level of L5 vertebra were assessed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of 333 patients, and correlation of these MRI changes with FI was identified. Results: Among 333 patients (174 female), whose data were analyzed, 316 patients mentioned a positive history of back pain. We observed a significant relation between female sex and higher age with degrees of multifidus FI in L5 level. No significant association was found between the existence of back pain and the rate of multifidus FI. There was a significant negative relation between the activity level and the amount of multifidus FI. Considering weekly exercise level and hours of computer use, this association was not observed. Evaluating the relation between end plate and facet joint degenerative process and also neuroforaminal stenosis with multifidus FI, a statistically significant relation was noted. This correlation was not observed for central canal stenosis. Conclusion: We concluded that the degree of multifidus FI was remarkably higher in female gender, older ages and subjects with more sedentary lifestyle. Moreover, a significant correlation existed between abnormal MRI imaging findings (degenerative process, discopathies, foraminal stenosis) and multifidus FI.
Anesthetic Management in a Patient With Surgical Excision of Spinal Cords Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Behnaz Faranak , Saeedi Nima , Seddighi Amir Saied
Published: October 2019

Echinococcosis granulosus is the leading cause of spinal hydatid disease. Hydatidosis of the bone happens in 0.5%-3% of all the cases: the involvement in the vertebral column is 50%. In the endemic areas, one of the common causes of spinal cord compression is hydatid disease, and the diagnosis may remain obscure until specifying symptoms ensuing from complications due to root and cord compression. We present a case of recurrent spinal cords hydatid cyst in a 44 years old patient because it occurs rarely, and anesthetic management in such cases has never evaluated before.
Intelligent Fault Diagnosis for Rotating Machines Using Deep Learning
Authors: Sumba Jorge Chuya , Quinde Israel Ruiz , Ochoa Luis Escajeda , Martínez Juan Carlos Tudón , Vallejo Guevara Antonio J. , Morales-Menendez Ruben
Published: October 2019

The diagnosis of failures in high-speed machining centers and other rotary machines is critical in manufacturing systems, because early detection can save a representative amount of time and cost. Fault diagnosis systems generally have two blocks: feature extraction and classification. Feature extraction affects the performance of the prediction model, and essential information is extracted by identifying high-level abstract and representative characteristics. Deep learning (DL) provides an effective way to extract the characteristics of raw data without prior knowledge, compared with traditional machine learning (ML) methods. A feature learning approach was applied using one-dimensional (1-D) convolutional neural networks (CNN) that works directly with raw vibration signals. The network structure consists of small convolutional kernels to perform a nonlinear mapping and extract features; the classifier is a softmax layer. The method has achieved satisfactory performance in terms of prediction accuracy that reaches ∼99 % and ∼97 % using a standard bearings database: the processing time is suitable for real-time applications with ∼8 ms per signal, and the repeatability has a low standard deviation <2 % and achieves an acceptable network generalization capability.
Polygenic Adaptation to an Environmental Shift: Temporal Dynamics of Variation Under Gaussian Stabilizing Selection and Additive Effects on a Single Trait
Authors: Thornton Kevin R
Published: October 2019

Predictions about the effect of natural selection on patterns of linked neutral variation are largely based on models involving the rapid fixation of unconditionally beneficial mutations. However, when phenotypes adapt to a new optimum trait value, the strength of selection on individual mutations decreases as the population adapts. Here, I use explicit forward simulations of a single trait with additive-effect mutations adapting to an “optimum shift.” Detectable “hitchhiking” patterns are only apparent if (i) the optimum shifts are large with respect to equilibrium variation for the trait, (ii) mutation rates to large-effect mutations are low, and (iii) large-effect mutations rapidly increase in frequency and eventually reach fixation, which typically occurs after the population reaches the new optimum. For the parameters simulated here, partial sweeps do not appreciably affect patterns of linked variation, even when the mutations are strongly selected. The contribution of new mutations vs. standing variation to fixation depends on the mutation rate affecting trait values. Given the fixation of a strongly selected variant, patterns of hitchhiking are similar on average for the two classes of sweeps because sweeps from standing variation involving large-effect mutations are rare when the optimum shifts. The distribution of effect sizes of new mutations has little effect on the time to reach the new optimum, but reducing the mutational variance increases the magnitude of hitchhiking patterns. In general, populations reach the new optimum prior to the completion of any sweeps, and the times to fixation are longer for this model than for standard models of directional selection. The long fixation times are due to a combination of declining selection pressures during adaptation and the possibility of interference among weakly selected sites for traits with high mutation rates.
The Fate of Deleterious Variants in a Barley Genomic Prediction Population
Authors: Kono Thomas J Y , Liu Chaochih , Vonderharr Emily E , Koenig Daniel , Fay Justin C , Smith Kevin P , Morrell Peter L
Published: October 2019

Targeted identification and purging of deleterious genetic variants has been proposed as a novel approach to animal and plant breeding. This strategy is motivated, in part, by the observation that demographic events and strong selection associated with cultivated species pose a “cost of domestication.” This includes an increase in the proportion of genetic variants that are likely to reduce fitness. Recent advances in DNA resequencing and sequence constraint-based approaches to predict the functional impact of a mutation permit the identification of putatively deleterious SNPs (dSNPs) on a genome-wide scale. Using exome capture resequencing of 21 barley lines, we identified 3855 dSNPs among 497,754 total SNPs. We generated whole-genome resequencing data of Hordeum murinum ssp. glaucum as a phylogenetic outgroup to polarize SNPs as ancestral vs. derived. We also observed a higher proportion of dSNPs per synonymous SNPs (sSNPs) in low-recombination regions of the genome. Using 5215 progeny from a genomic prediction experiment, we examined the fate of dSNPs over three breeding cycles. Adjusting for initial frequency, derived alleles at dSNPs reduced in frequency or were lost more often than other classes of SNPs. The highest-yielding lines in the experiment, as chosen by standard genomic prediction approaches, carried fewer homozygous dSNPs than randomly sampled lines from the same progeny cycle. In the final cycle of the experiment, progeny selected by genomic prediction had a mean of 5.6% fewer homozygous dSNPs relative to randomly chosen progeny from the same cycle.
Endometriyal biopsi işlemi öncesinde kullanılan oral Hyosine N Butil Bromur’ün analjezik etkinliği
Authors: AKDEMİR Yesim , SEL Görker , AYNALI Büşra , HARMA Müge , HARMA Mehmet İbrahim
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu
çalışmanın amacı Pipelle ile yapılan endometrial biyopsi işlemi öncesinde oral
yoldan alınan 10 mg Hyosine N Butil Bromur (HBB)’nin analjezik etkinliğini
değerlendirmektir.Gerek ve Yöntem: Eylül
2018- Eylül 2019 tarihleri arasında, xxxxxxxxxxxxx, anormal uterin kanamanın
değerlendirilmesi için Pipelle ile endometriyal biyopsi yapılmış, 18-49 yaş
arasındaki hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Endometriyal
biyopsi işleminin 30 dakika öncesinde oral yoldan 10 mg HBB kullanan 48
hasta HBB Grubu, endometriyal biyopsi işlemi öncesinde hiçbir analjezik
kullanmayan 56 hasta ise Kontrol Grubu olarak ayrıldı.Bulgular: Yaş,
vücut kitle indeksi, parite, vajinal ve sezaryen doğum sayısı, nulliparite,
multiparite ve menopozal durum parametreleri açısından 2 grup arasında fark
gözükmezken endometriyal biyopsinin hemen sonrasında kaydedilmiş VAS (0) ve
endometriyal biyopsiden 30 dakika sonra kaydedilmiş olan VAS (30) skorları HBB
Grubunda Kontrol Grubuna göre daha düşük saptandı (sırasıyla 59,3 ± 21,12 vs
86,42 ± 10.95, ve 19,09 ± 23,85 vs 55,71 ± 21,67; p≤0,001)

Sonuç: Endometriyal
biyopsi işleminden 30 dakika önce oral yoldan alınan 10 mg HBB’nin,
endometriyal biyopsi sırasında ve işlemden 30 dakika sonrasında analjezik
etkinliği vardır. Bu data HBB’nin diğer jinekolojik endikasyonlar ile
kullanımının yaygınlaşmasına yardımcı olabilir.