bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous delivery of gene and chemotherapeutics via copolymeric micellar nanoparticles to overcome multiple drug resistance to promote synergistic tumor suppression
Authors: Gao Jianguo , Chen Lingxiao , Qi Ruogu , Zhou Zhihua , Deng Zaian , Shi Jue , Qin Tao , Zhao Shengzhe , Qian Yuna , Shen Jianliang
Published: April 2019

Combination of chemotherapy and small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based nanotherapeutics could cooperatively and effectively suppress multiple drug resistance in cancer development. Particularly, nano-delivery systems that efficiently encapsulate two or more therapeutic payloads to the tumor-targeted sites have been proven significantly. Here, we prepared a micellar nanoparticle formed by monomethoxy poly (ethylene glycol)–block–poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly(L-lysine)/cholesterol (mPEG-b-PCL-b-PLL/Chol, further abbr. as “P”). In this work, PCL as the hydrophobic core to encase doxorubicin and PLL as the cationic moiety to bind with negatively charged siRNA are used to achieve the co-delivery of therapies in one platform. The results showed that the micellar nanoparticle is capable of delivering siRNA and doxorubicin simultaneously to the same tumor cells, and consequently displays enhanced inhibition efficiency on MCF-7/ADR cells. Moreover, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot experiments indicated that the co-delivery of micelleplex-delivering B-cell lymphoma 2 specific siRNA (siBcl) successfully down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 protein, which triggers chemotherapy to be more sensitive to the cancer cells. Therefore, the strategy of co-delivering anticancer drug and siRNA showed promising potential in reversing drug resistance of tumor cells.
Connecting the Classroom with the Newsroom in the Digital Age: An Investigation of Journalism Education in the UAE, UK and USA
Authors: Jiang Shujun , Rafeeq Ali
Published: April 2019

The development of information and communication technology—internet, mobile computing and easier and wider connectivity—is swiftly transforming the news industry. Conventional news production practices have been disrupted and have evolved to meet the needs of a new era of digital and online journalism. In the age of digital and non-linear journalism, the practices of newsgathering, production, distribution and consumption have changed greatly, creating challenges in journalism education. The converged newsrooms of today demand journalism graduates to have digital news production skills that allow them to easily fit into the routines of digital news production practices. By examining the journalism curricula of selected journalism education programmes in the USA, UK and UAE, as well as interviewing journalism educators, students and practitioners, this research investigated whether and how efforts have been made to align journalism curricula to the needs of the industry.
Peripartum outcomes in a large population of women with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease
Authors: Li Qiangqiang , Dimopoulos Konstantinos , Liu Tianyang , Xu Zhuoyuan , Liu Qian , Li Yanna , Zhang Jun , Gu Hong
Published: April 2019

Aims

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a severe complication in patients with congenital heart disease and poses a significant risk to women wishing to become pregnant. This study describes the clinical presentation, maternal outcomes and risk factors for the peripartum period in women with pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD).

Methods

All pregnant women with PAH-CHD who were admitted for delivery in a tertiary center between February 2011–September 2016 were included. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of the combined endpoint of maternal death, severe heart failure requiring treatment, or pulmonary hypertensive crisis.

Results

Ninety-three women (94 pregnancies) were included. Average age was 27.5 ± 4.4 years. Thirty (31.9%) patients had Eisenmenger syndrome, 51 (54.3%) had pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with systemic-to-pulmonary shunts, and 13 (13.8%) had pulmonary arterial hypertension with corrected congenital heart disease. Twenty-three (24.5%) women required admission for delivery within two days from presentation. Elective Cesarean section was performed in 95.7% of women, with intravertebral anesthesia in 93.6%. Fifty-one (54.2%) patients received pulmonary arterial hypertension therapies during pregnancy. Six (6.4%) women died, 33 (35.1%) developed heart failure and 10 (10.6%) had a pulmonary hypertensive crisis. Patients who met the combined endpoint ( n = 34, 36.2%) were more likely to have Eisenmenger syndrome or repaired defects ( p < 0.001). Other risk factors in the multivariate model included lower arterial blood oxygen saturation, higher brain natriuretic peptide, and pericardial effusion on echocardiography.

Conclusion

Maternal mortality and morbidity remain high in PAH-CHD patients, who should be counseled on the risks of pregnancy and managed in a tertiary multidisciplinary environment to improve prognosis.
Dietary components and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a review of evidence from meta-analyses
Authors: Kwok Chun Shing , Gulati Martha , Michos Erin D , Potts Jessica , Wu Pensee , Watson Lorraine , Loke Yoon K , Mallen Christian , Mamas Mamas A
Published: April 2019

Aims

The optimal diet for cardiovascular health is controversial. The aim of this review is to summarize the highest level of evidence and rank the risk associated with each individual component of diet within its food group.

Methods and results

A systematic search of PudMed was performed to identify the highest level of evidence available from systematic reviews or meta-analyses that evaluated different dietary components and their associated risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease. A total of 16 reviews were included for dietary food item and all-cause mortality and 17 reviews for cardiovascular disease. Carbohydrates were associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality (whole grain bread: relative risk (RR) 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82–0.89; breakfast cereal: RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83–0.92; oats/oatmeal: RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83–0.92). Fish consumption was associated with a small benefit (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–1.00) and processed meat appeared to be harmful (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.07–1.45). Root vegetables (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.66–0.88), green leafy vegetables/salad (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.71–0.86), cooked vegetables (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.80–0.99) and cruciferous vegetables (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85–0.95) were associated with reductions in all-cause mortality. Increased mortality was associated with the consumption of tinned fruit (RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07–1.21). Nuts were associated with a reduced risk of mortality in a dose–response relationship (all nuts: RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.72–0.84; tree nuts: RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75–0.90; and peanuts: RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69–0.86). For cardiovascular disease, similar associations for benefit were observed for carbohydrates, nuts and fish, but red meat and processed meat were associated with harm.

Conclusions

Many dietary components appear to be beneficial for cardiovascular disease and mortality, including grains, fish, nuts and vegetables, but processed meat and tinned fruit appear to be harmful.
Primer on Hereditary Cancer Predisposition Genes Included Within Somatic Next-Generation Sequencing Panels
Authors: Akras Zade , Bungo Brandon , Leach Brandie H. , Marquard Jessica , Ahluwalia Manmeet , Carraway Hetty , Grivas Petros , Sohal Davendra P.S. , Funchain Pauline
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE

It has been estimated that 5% to 10% of cancers are due to hereditary causes. Recent data sets indicate that the incidence of hereditary cancer may be as high as 17.5% in patients with cancer, and a notable subset is missed if screening is solely by family history and current syndrome-based testing guidelines. Identification of germline variants has implications for both patients and their families. There is currently no comprehensive overview of cancer susceptibility genes or inclusion of these genes in commercially available somatic testing. We aimed to summarize genes linked to hereditary cancer and the somatic and germline panels that include such genes.

METHODS

Germline predisposition genes were chosen if commercially available for testing. Penetrance was defined as low, moderate, or high according to whether the gene conferred a 0% to 20%, 20% to 50%, or 50% to 100% lifetime risk of developing the cancer or, when percentages were not available, was estimated on the basis of existing literature descriptions.

RESULTS

We identified a total of 89 genes linked to hereditary cancer predisposition, and we summarized these genes alphabetically and by organ system. We considered four germline and six somatic commercially available panel tests and quantified the coverage of germline genes across them. Comparison between the number of genes that had germline importance and the number of genes included in somatic testing showed that many but not all germline genes are tested by frequently used somatic panels.

CONCLUSION

The inclusion of cancer-predisposing genes in somatic variant testing panels makes incidental germline findings likely. Although somatic testing can be used to screen for germline variants, this strategy is inadequate for comprehensive screening. Access to genetic counseling is essential for interpretation of germline implications of somatic testing and implementation of appropriate screening and follow-up.
CT Fat Density Accurately Reflects Histologic Fat Quality in Adults With HIV On and Off Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Lake Jordan E , Moser Carlee , Johnston Liz , Magyar Clara , Nelson Scott D , Erlandson Kristine M , Brown Todd T , McComsey Grace A
Published: April 2019

Context

Microscopic measurement of adipocyte size is the gold standard for determining adipose tissue (AT) quality. AT density on CT may also reflect adipocyte quality (lower density = poorer quality).

Objective

We used abdominal subcutaneous AT (SAT) specimens and CT scans to validate CT SAT density as a marker of SAT quality in adults living with HIV.

Setting and Design

Secondary data analysis from completed trial of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation (ACTG A5224s). CT abdominal SAT density was measured in HU. SAT specimens were digitally scanned for calculation of mean adipocyte area.

Participants

Participants had SAT biopsy and CT data at baseline (n = 54) and HIV-1 RNA <50 copies per milliliter on ART and biopsy or CT data at week 96 (n = 30).

Outcome Measures

Spearman correlations and linear regression models adjusting for participant characteristics examined associations between SAT density and adipocyte area.

Results

Baseline median age was 40 years, CD4+ T lymphocyte count 219 cells per cubic millimeter, and body mass index 26.0 kg/m2; 89% were male and 67% white. Median SAT area and density were 199 cm2 and −100 HU. Over 96 weeks, SAT area increased (+18%) and SAT density decreased (−3%). Mean SAT adipocyte area correlated with SAT density (P < 0.01) off and on ART after adjustment for SAT area, age, race, sex, CD4+ T lymphocyte count, and HIV-1 RNA.

Conclusions

CT SAT density correlates with biopsy-quantified SAT adipocyte size in adults with HIV on and off ART, suggesting that CT is a useful tool for noninvasive assessment of SAT quality.
Interval Walking Improves Glycemic Control and Body Composition After Cancer Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Christensen Jesper F , Sundberg Anna , Osterkamp Jens , Thorsen-Streit Sarah , Nielsen Anette B , Olsen Cecilie K , Djurhuus Sissal S , Simonsen Casper , Schauer Tim , Ellingsgaard Helga , Østerlind Kell , Krarup Peter-Martin , Mosgaard Camilla , Vistisen Kirsten , Tolver Anders , Pedersen Bente K , Hojman Pernille
Published: April 2019

Context

Patients with colorectal cancer have increased risk of metabolic diseases including diabetes. Exercise training may counteract metabolic dysregulation, but the impact of exercise training on glycemic control, including postprandial glycemia, has never been explored in patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective

To examine the effects of home-based interval walking on aerobic and metabolic fitness and quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer.

Design

Randomized controlled trial.

Setting

Clinical research center.

Participants

Thirty-nine sedentary (<150 minutes moderate-intensity exercise per week) patients with stage I to III colorectal cancer who had completed primary treatment.

Intervention

Home-based interval walking 150 min/wk or usual care for 12 weeks.

Main Outcome Measures

Changes from baseline to week 12 in maximum oxygen uptake (VO2peak) by cardiopulmonary exercise test, glycemic control by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan, blood biochemistry, and quality of life.

Results

Compared with control, interval walking had no effect on VO2peak [mean between-group difference: −0.32 mL O2 · kg−1 · min−1 (−2.09 to 1.45); P = 0.721] but significantly improved postprandial glycemic control with lower glucose OGTT area under the curve [−126 mM · min (−219 to −33); P = 0.009], 2-hour glucose concentration [−1.1 mM (−2.2 to 0.0); P = 0.056], and improved Matsuda index [1.94 (0.34; 3.54); P = 0.01]. Also, interval walking counteracted an increase in fat mass in the control group [−1.47 kg (−2.74 to −0.19); P = 0.025].

Conclusion

A home-based interval-walking program led to substantial improvements in postprandial glycemic control and counteracted fat gain in posttreatment patients with colorectal cancer, possibly providing an effective strategy for prevention of secondary metabolic diseases.
Intubation Using C-MAC Video Laryngoscope During Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment Featuring Upper Airway Neck Mass: A Case Report
Authors: Arteaga Angela , Marroquín Mario , Guevara Jennifer
Published: April 2019

Ex utero intrapartum treatment procedures are mainly indicated to secure the airways of fetuses featuring a risk of obstruction at birth while ensuring uteroplacental circulation. This report documents a successful intubation case with a C-MAC video laryngoscope during an ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure in a newborn featuring an infiltrative neck mass. Despite technical challenges faced in this procedure, the C-MAC video laryngoscope allowed an optimal view of airway structures. This novel approach, where laryngoscopy relies on the usage of C-MAC to optimize intubation conditions, may lead to increased chances of success in this particular scenario.
Renal acid excretion contributes to acid-base regulation during hypercapnia in air-exposed swamp eel (Monopterus albus)
Authors: Thinh Phan Vinh , Huong Do Thi Thanh , Gam Le Thi Hong , Damsgaard Christian , Phuong Nguyen Thanh , Bayley Mark , Wang Tobias
Published: April 2019

The swamp eel (Monopterus albus) uses its buccal cavity to air-breathe while the gills are strongly reduced. They burrow into mud during the dry season, are highly tolerant of air-exposure, and experience severe hypoxia in both their natural habitat and in aquaculture. To study their ability to compensate for respiratory acidosis, we implanted catheters to sample both arterial blood and urine during hypercapnia (4% CO2) in either water and air, or during whole animal air-exposure. These hypercapnic challenges caused an immediate reduction in arterial pH, followed by progressive compensation through a marked elevation of plasma HCO3− over the course of 72h. There was no appreciable rise in urinary acid excretion in fish exposed to hypercapnia in water, although urine pH was reduced and ammonia excretion did increase. In the air-exposed fish, however, hypercapnia was attended by a large elevation of ammonia in the urine and a large rise in titratable acid excretion. The time course of the increased renal acid excretion overlapped with the time period required to elevate plasma HCO3−, and we estimate that the renal compensation contributed significantly to whole body acid-base compensation.
Effect of Shoe and Surface Stiffness on Lower Limb Tendon Strain in Jumping
Authors: FIRMINGER COLIN R. , BRUCE OLIVIA L. , WANNOP JOHN W. , STEFANYSHYN DARREN J. , EDWARDS W. BRENT
Published: April 2019

Background

Tendinopathies are painful overuse injuries observed in athletes participating in jumping sports. These injuries are heavily dependent on the resulting strain from the applied mechanical load. Therefore, mechanisms to reduce tendon strain may represent a primary prevention strategy to reduce the incidence of tendinopathy.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of shoe and surface stiffness on Achilles and patellar tendon strains during jumping. We hypothesized that less stiff shoes and surfaces would reduce Achilles and patellar tendon strains during jumping.

Methods

Thirty healthy male basketball players performed countermovement jumps in three shoes and on three surfaces with different stiffness properties while motion capture, force platform, and jump height data were collected. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain participant-specific tendon morphology, and a combined dynamometry/ultrasound/electromyography session was used to obtain tendon material properties. Finally, a musculoskeletal model was used to estimate tendon strains in each surface and shoe combination.

Results

Achilles tendon strains during landing were reduced by 5.3% in the least stiff shoe compared with the stiffest shoe (P = 0.021) likely due to in bending stiffness altering the center of pressure location. Furthermore, Achilles tendon strains during landing were 5.7% and 8.1% lower on the stiffest surface compared with the least stiff and middle stiffness surfaces, respectively (P ≤ 0.047), because of changes in ground reaction force magnitude and center of pressure location. No effects of shoe stiffness or surface construction were observed for jump height (P > 0.243) or peak patellar tendon strains (P > 0.259).

Conclusions

Changes to shoe stiffness and surface construction can alter Achilles tendon strains without affecting jump performance in athletes.
Antimicrobial action, pH, and tissue dissolution capacity of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite gel and solution
Authors: Luz Luciana Batista , Santana Ruth , Prates Amanda Westphal , Froelich Julia , De Melo Tiago André Fontoura , Montagner Francisco , Luisi Simone Bonato
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial action, pH, and tissue dissolution capacity of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) gel and solution. Methods: The 2.5% NaOCl gel was produced from a colloidal base. The test groups included 2.5% NaOCl gel and solution and the control groups included gel base and distilled water. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth dilution technique against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) at 15 and 30 seconds and at 1, 5, and 10 minutes. To evaluate tissue dissolution capacity, 30 pulp fragments of bovine incisors were weighed, 10 for each test group and 5 for each control group before and after exposure to the chemical auxiliaries. The final mass percentage of each fragment was calculated. The pH of the substances was measured in triplicate through a digital pH meter. Results: pH levels of 13.08 and 9.75 were observed for 2.5% NaOCl solution and gel, respectively. The antimicrobial action of 2.5% NaOCl was the same for both solution and gel, for all tested times. The 2.5% NaOCl solution group showed higher tissue dissolution capacity (Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls tests P<0.0001). Conclusions: The type of medium, either solution or gel, containing 2.5% NaOCl did not influence the antimicrobial action at any of the tested times. However, 2.5% NaOCl gel did not present tissue dissolution capacity.
Saliva contamination effects at different application steps on bond strength of total etch two-step adhesive
Authors: Souza Lidiane Costa de , Rodrigues Nara Sousa , Aquino Elizeu Ytalo Pereira , Melo Mary Anne Sampaio , Cunha Diana Araújo , Saboia Vicente de Paulo Aragão
Published: April 2019

Introduction: there are clinical situations in the management of cavities favorable to saliva contamination. Human saliva is a complex mixture of oral fluids and it has been showed that the protein content of the saliva is responsible for the decrease in adhesive bond strength when contamination has occurred. Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of saliva contamination during different steps of application of adhesive system on bond strength of total etch two-step adhesive system. Methods: twenty-five extracted human molars were ground flat to expose occlusal dentin. The bonding system and composite resins were applied to the dentin after etching step under five conditions (n=5/group): G1: control group–no contamination; G2: etching/ contamination/dry/adhesive system application; G3: etching/contamination/wash/dry/adhesive system application; G4: etching/adhesive system application/contamination/wash/dry/adhesive system re-application; and G5: etching/adhesive system application/contamination/dry. Microtensile bond strength was tested after specimens were stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 24h. Data (mean values -μTBS) were analyzed by ANOVA one-way and Tukey tests (α=5%), respectively. Results: groups G2, G3 and G4 revealed bond strength similar to the control (G1). Group G5 showed significantly lower bond strengths than other groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: the total- etch two-step adhesive tolerated salivary contamination except when the contamination occurred after application of the bond and it was only removed with an air jet and adhesive system was not reapplied.
Influência de soluções irrigadoras e de materiais obturadores na infiltração apical – análise pelo método de filtração de fluidos
Authors: Candeiro George Táccio de Miranda , Frischkorn Horst , Timbó Maria Caroline de Abreu , Sousa Yhara Carvalho de , Moreira Danna Mota , Alencar Phillipe Nogueira Barbosa , Vale Mônica Sampaio do
Published: April 2019

Introdução: o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar, por meio do método de filtração de fluidos, a influência da solução irrigadora e diferentes associações de materiais obturadores na infiltração apical. Metodologia: foram utilizados 112 pré-molares inferiores extraídos, divididos em dois grupos controle (n=8) e oito grupos experimentais (n=12), de acordo com a solução irrigante: hipoclorito de sódio (H), vinagre de maçã (V), e, de acordo com o material obturador, guta-percha/AH Plus (GA), Resilon/Epiphany (RE), guta-percha/Epiphany (GE) e Resilon/AH Plus (RA). Os canais radiculares foram instrumentados e obturados pela técnica híbrida de Tagger. Em seguida, os canais foram desobturados nos terços médio e cervical, permanecendo apenas 4 mm do terço apical para a análise da infiltração pelo método de filtração de fluidos. Os dados foram analisados, estatisticamente, pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis, sendo considerado significante quando P<0,05. Resultados: as médias obtidas de infiltração apical (μL/min) nos grupos foram: H/GA (0,03 ± 0,09), V/GA (0,04 ± 0,05), H/RE (0,06 ± 0,13), V/RE (0,10 ± 0,20), H/GE (0,08 ± 0,18), H/GE (0,16 ± 0,21), H/RA (0,40 ± 0,63) e V/RA (0,57 ± 1,13). Não foi observada diferença estatística quanto às soluções de irrigação aplicadas (P>0,05). No entanto, em relação aos materiais obturadores, verificou-se que os grupos obturados com a associação Resilon/AH Plus apresentaram, significativamente, maior infiltração que os demais grupos (P<0,05). Conclusões: concluiu-se que a infiltração apical foi influenciada apenas pelos materiais obturadores, independentemente da solução de irrigadora.
Innovative Techniques for the Formation of Metadisciplinary Learning Outcomes of Younger Schoolchildren
Authors: Пичугин С. , Pichugin S.
Published: April 2019

The article discusses the ways to implement in the pedagogical practice the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education to form the basis for the younger schoolchildren of the ability to learn and the ability to organize their activities, which refers to metasubjective results of learning. It offers techniques that allow to level the difficulties and eliminate potential problems of primary school graduates in performing tasks based on working with information and associated with the development of logical and algorithmic thinking, the construction of reasoning, predictions and conclusions.
Designing a Lesson in Primary School in Terms of Inclusion
Authors: Соловьев Я. , Solov'ev Ya. , Сысуева Л. , Sysueva L.
Published: April 2019

The article discusses the idea of integrating children with disabilities into traditional education classes. The main mechanisms for designing a lesson in an inclusive education are considered. Concrete methodological developments of inclusive lessons of mathematics, the Russian language, and the World-Around-Us lessons for pupils of first, second and third grades are given that meet the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education for Students with Disabilities. Recommendations are given to teachers working with children who have a mental retardation.
From the Professional Competence of Teachers to Competent Parenting
Authors: Орехова Е. , Orehova E. , Данилова И. , Danilova I.
Published: April 2019

The article considers the directions of the modern European professional pedagogical education, focused on improving its quality in order to ensure the full development of children at the initial stage of education. The conceptual provisions of professional competence of teachers in the field of preschool and primary school education are indicated. The components of the teacher’s professional competence models are described, which are developed on the basis of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) and take into account the competence approach implemented in the educational practice of European countries. Particular attention is paid to the development of competency parenting in the implementation of the concept of “Lifelong learning”. The main scientific judgments about modern parenthood, which determine the models of family and school interaction existing abroad, are summarized.
Advanced Professional Training for Specialists for Innovative Socio-Economic Development of Regions
Authors: Корнеев Е. , Korneev E. , Лысенко В. , Lysenko V. , Малкова И. , Malkova I. , Николаев В. , Nikolaev V. , Полуэктов А. , Poluektov A. , Янькин Д. , Yan'kin D.
Published: April 2019

Modern Russian society has experienced constant and signifi cant changes in recent years creating the need to reform the system of general and secondary vocational education and highlighting the problem of continuous vocational training. The article substantiates the idea of developing the theoretical and methodological foundations for advanced vocational training. It also shows the importance of this training for ensuring a sustainable innovative social and economic development of Russian regions. The article presents the goals and objectives of the study, describes the mechanisms of their implementation through The Centers for advanced training and the creation of appropriate conditions ensuring the integrity of the educational and production process. It also specifi es the development and testing of multi-level textbooks and teaching materials, the use of innovative technologies and various forms of interaction, including the creation of educational and industrial clusters on the basis of vocational education institutions. The authors of this study employ diff erent approaches and general scientifi c research, empirical, dialectical, experimental and specifi c sociological methods such as conversation, questioning, testing and pedagogical observation.
O combate à desigualdade linguística no curso de Letras – Inglês: um relato da extensão universitária.
Authors: Rodrigues Pedrosa Arthur Bruno
Published: April 2019

Este relato de experiência tem o intuito de apresentar a extensão universitária como umas das portas para se combater a desigualdade linguística no curso de Letras - Inglês/Literaturas. O estudo traça um breve panorama da língua inglesa no Brasil e as desigualdades de oportunidade que podem levar a problemas na graduação. O relato justifica-se pela percepção de que muitos alunos não têm o conhecimento linguístico necessário para se manterem de forma satisfatória na universidade, levando a muitas reprovações e evasão. O projeto base deste relato é o CEALD - Colaborações, Estratégias de Aprendizagem e Letramento Digital: o desafio da equidade na formação de professores de línguas. Seus colaboradores buscam estratégias como cursos, monitoria, etc. com a intenção de ajudar os alunos com dificuldades em língua inglesa e ainda mantê-los interessados na graduação escolhida por eles. O objetivo do relato é o de mostrar como ações de natureza extensionistas podem contribuir para sanar ou diminuir essa problemática, visando equidade dentro do curso. Os resultados obtidos mostram que as experiências desses alunos nessas ações são positivas. Assim, a visão deles em relação à língua inglesa e do curso em si podem levá-los à conclusão da graduação.
Una propuesta de trabajo de campo: la decodificación del neobarroco en las fuentes del bosque de Chapultepec en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Olivares Sandoval Omar
Published: April 2019

El bosque de Chapultepec, en la Ciudad de México, es el objeto de análisis de esta propuesta de trabajo de campo. Chapultepec es el más grande parque urbano que tiene la megalópolis de México (mide 647 hectáreas y recibe alrededor de doscientos mil visitantes cada fin de semana). Como en otras ciudades, la apertura de un parque de esta magnitud surge de las ideas urbanas relativas a la higiene, el disfrute del espacio público y las pedagogías cívicas. Pensado como un “paseo público”, a finales del siglo XIX, el programa arquitectónico y paisajístico del parque urbano se cimentaba en la escenificación de la naturaleza y la historia como parte de la ciudad moderna (Bolívar, 2013, p. 4). Uno de los elementos más importantes de este proyecto escenográfico fue el modo con que se construyeron los significados de la relación histórica de la ciudad con el agua. Este lugar, desde la época antigua hasta el día de hoy, es un punto de entrada del líquido al espacio urbano.
Memanusiawikan Pelaku Homoseks (Resensi Buku)
Authors: Ma'rufah Yuni
Published: April 2019

Judul Buku:  Memberi Suara pada yang BisuPenulis:  Dr. Dede OetomoPengantar:  Ben AndersonPenerbit:  Galang Press, Yogyakarta, 2001Tebal:  xliv + 348 halaman
Perilaku Homoseks Dalam Pandangan Hukum Islam
Authors: Wahid Wawan Gunawan A.
Published: April 2019

Although they are not accepted and considered deviant by the majority of society, homosexual relationships are becoming increasingly prominent and openly declared, especially in modern times. Moreover, in some countries homosexuals are acknowledged and given empathy. This article endeavours to investigate this issue from the perspective of Islamic law. By using arguments from verses of the Alqur'an, the hadith of the Prophet, and the maqasid ash-syari'ah approach, this article refutes the practice of homosexuality in its various forms.
Aborsi Dalam Perspektif Fiqih
Authors: Khilmi Slamet
Published: April 2019

Islam has a deep respect for human life, and as such abortion is basically forbidden in Islam. Experts in Islamic law agree that abortion conducted after the foetus is considered to have a soul (after 4 months or 120 days) is forbidden. Nevertheless, Islamic scholars have different opinions in cases where the foetus does not yet have a soul; some permit it, and some forbid it. Those experts in Islamic law who allow it include lbnu 'Abidi from the Hanafi school and lbnu Qudamah from the Hambali school. Meanwhile, those who forbid it include Imam al-Gazali from the Syafi'i school. The writer of this article tends toward the opinion that forbids abortion even when the foetus does not yet have a soul. Nevertheless he does believe that a person may have an abortion in an emergency situation such as to save the life of the mother.
Siklus dan Terjadinya Menstruasi Serta Pandangan Islam di Dalamnya
Authors: Sumartini Titin
Published: April 2019

Women have experiencedvarious discriminationsin most part of humans' history. We have witnessed violence against women portrayed and reported through mass media. Such violence also occurs in Muslim states, including Indonesia. Surprisingly there is also violence against women committed on the basis of their biological realities, namely monthly period. Menstruation has been conceptualized a curse for women so that they feel and endure the consequences of the primordial sin committed by Eve 'the symbolic woman'. This article will argue that such understandingof menstrual taboo is rooted in ancient story, and not from Islamic teaching.
Tips Menanggulangi Sakit Menstruasi & Info Penting Khusus Wanita (Book Review)
Authors: Khusniwati Dwi Rina
Published: April 2019

Judul Buku : Menstruasi Tanpa Rasa Sakit.Penulis : Dr. Athif Lammadhah.Penerjemah : H. Ahmad Rivai Usman, LC.Judul Asli : al-Daurah al-Syahrivah bila Alam.Editor : Abu KafilaVolume : xvi + 112 halaman.Penerbit : Pusataka al-Kautsar, Jakarta Timur.Cetakan : Cetakan I, November  2006
Mengandaikan Budaya Teknologi Ramah Perempuan
Authors: Muhassonah Izzuki
Published: April 2019

There are too many women and small groups that are left untouched by the government; it takes skill in science, especially in operating the machinery of communal economy. That is hoped for because women are not going to just stay at home and only worry about their family and always being subordinated by high technology culture. This phenomenon can still be tolerated; sadly word is still out in the newspapers, magazines, survey books and many researches that say that women still receive violence that are very diversified in motives and backgrounds. Violence to women is not only physical but also psychological, sexual, economical and the stealing of rights. That proves the existence of technological cultures that are women, unfriendly. Because of that, this article will try to discuss technological cultures that are not quite friendly or even hostile to women. Other than the discussion that focuses on that point, the main element that is targeted in this article is to think of how the current technology is upgraded to be women, friendly.
Pernikahan Dini Dalam Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia
Authors: Mardiono Eko
Published: April 2019

Contemporary Indonesians witness the rise of the popularity of marriage of the minors, despite the application of the Indonesian Marriage Law no 1/1974 that forbids child marriages for decades. The enactment of the Law decades ago was meant to be a social engineering mean to erase the practice of child marriage with social compromises. Recent research in medical studies show that there is significantly high risk for young women under 18 years old who do sexual intercourse to be infected with servick cancer. Many other research on child marriage using psychological and social approaches also suggest that actors of child marriage are of high risk of suffering from social and psychological troubles. Now, what can we do with the Indonesian Marriage Law that still endorse marriage for girls under 18 years old? This paper discusses the issues from different perspectives.
The Tawdry Tale of "Sheikh" Puji and Luftiana: Child Marriage and Polygamy in Indonesian Discourse
Authors: Woodward Mark , Rochmaniyah Inayah
Published: April 2019

This paper concerns the practice of, and discourse concerning child marriage and polygamy in contemporary Indonesia and the religious, social, and political contexts in which they are located. It focuses on the tale of Pujiono Cahyo Widayanto, who is more commonly knoum as Sheikh Puji, and his child bride Umi Hani Lutfiana Ulfa that has reverberated through the Indonesian media for more than a year. Sheikh Puji and Lutfiana have become icons in a high stakes symbolic and legal drama pitting socially and religiously conservative groups against progressive Muslims advocating reform of Islamic Family Law, the empowerment of women and modernity. Sheikh Puji has become an iconic figure in this struggle for three reasons: his flamboyant style, his defiant disregard and contempt for Indonesian civil law, and the fact he combines polygamy and child marriage in a single package.
Mahram dan Transformasi Zaman: Sebuah Anallsis Fiqhiyyah dan Keadilan Gender
Authors: Tahir Masnun
Published: April 2019

"No ... of a man and a woman except if their mahram, and no travellingfor a woman except with her mahram"This long sentence is now decoratingmany public space in Aceh, including on ther tree trunks in the city gardens where young unmarried couples might be interested in enjoying. This propaganda is based on the province Qanun (regulation) No 14/2003 about prohibition of kludwat (...). This paper will not deal with the Qanun per-se, rather with the underlying arguments used by the proponents of the articulation of the Qanun by local intellectuals. My discussion to the issue begins with the examination of the social context within which the hadits aboui mahram is conceptualized, then followed by a deep analysis on the formulation of Fiqh (Islamic law) as well as gender analysis on the impact of mahram concept to women's mobility. At the end present my recommendation in applying transformative understanding on the mahram concept.
Memposisikan Konsep Mahram Dalam Konteks Kehidupan Kekinian
Authors: Jailani Imam Amrusi
Published: April 2019

The concept of mahram relates to a number of issues, such as marriage, casual relationship, the disclosure of male and female aurat, as well as women's travelling. While the discussion of mahram which relates to the first three issues does not create contradiction, the injunction of mahram with women's travelling is stimulating long lasting debates in our present time. For instance with the case of Muslim women going to the holy land to perform hajj; the government does not permit women to perform hajj without accompied by their mahram. In reality however, for those women who have no mahram, the government will find them 'fake mah ram' so that they can go to hajj. In this case, what does mahram mean, what is the purpose of mah ram?
Inversión exterior y modo de entrada: el rol de la distancia cultural
Authors: López Duarte Cristina , Vidal Suárez Marta M. , González Díaz Belén
Published: April 2019

El presente trabajo analiza el impacto de las distancias en las dimensiones de cultura nacional sobre las decisiones relativas a modo de entrada en los proyectos de inversión directa en el exterior realizadas por empresas españolas en América Latina. La principal novedad del trabajo radica en abordar el impacto de la distancia cultural sobre el modo de entrada considerando de forma individualizada distintas dimensiones de cultura nacional. El Análisis Comparativo Cualitativo de categorías difusas realizado ha permitido constatar que las diferencias en torno a determinadas dimensiones de cultura nacional juegan un papel contingente sobre el modo de entrada.
La incidencia del factor empresarial en la dialéctica desarrollo/subdesarrollo: las racionalidades empresariales y el capital social en los espacios locales/regionales
Authors: Enríquez Pérez Isaac
Published: April 2019

A través del presente artículo, desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria, ofrecemos un análisis panorámico en torno a la naturaleza de la gravitación ejercida por la praxis empresarial en la dialéctica desarrollo/subdesarrollo, reconociendo las distintas racionalidades de los actores y agentes económicos que ejercen su acción social en el proceso de producción y en la toma de decisiones que le dan sentido a las organizaciones donde interactúan. Además, se reconoce la lógica desigual e irregular en que se expresa el factor empresarial en el territorio, privilegiándose ‒en el caso de México‒ unas regiones por encima de otras al momento de localizar las inversiones y generar empleos formales. Para cumplir con este objetivo, se contrastó la lógica de la racionalidad y el impacto de la actividad empresarial relacionada con el sistema de la manufactura flexible y plenamente integrada en la economía internacional, respecto a aquella empresarialidad alternativa ‒que si bien forma parte de los circuitos del capitalismo‒ aprovecha las dimensiones simbólico/culturales de sus comunidades para construir un capital social que incide en el mejoramiento de sus condiciones de vida.
Instituciones en el país de las maravillas
Authors: Guerra Molina René Alonso
Published: April 2019

En este artículo se realiza un abordaje teórico de las instituciones desde la óptica de diversos autores, haciendo énfasis en la hipótesis de Acemoglu y Robinson sobre las instituciones extractivas que de una manera u otra determinaron el éxito o fracaso de algunos países, así como sus condiciones económicas, sociales y políticas en la actualidad. Para esto, se toma como ejemplo de estudio el caso de Colombia a través de su legado colonial, posterior inde-pendencia y presente, para comprender cómo sus instituciones la convirtieron en “el país de las maravillas”.
Halaman Belakang
Authors: Editor Editor
Published: April 2019

Pedoman Penulisan, Cover belakang
Management of the Infected Hip Arthroplasty by Two-Stage Reimplantation
Authors: Karpaš Karel , Šponer Pavel
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study is to present our experience with two-stage reimplantation in the management of the infected hip arthroplasty. Between January 1993 and December 2001 the replacement of the total hip arthroplasty in two stages was performed in 18 patients. There were 7 male and 11 female patients and the average age was 62 years. The mean follow-up after revision was 3.5 years. The mean postoperative Harris Hip Score averaged 78 (50–96) points. None of 18 patients had a recurrence of the infection. Two-stage reconstruction of the infected hip is preferred to one-stage exchange arthroplasty at our department because of higher rate of eradication of the infection.
The Coincidence of Pure Lipoma, Leiomyoma, and Endometrial Cancer. A Case Report of the Uterine Tumor Triplicity
Authors: Rešlová Taťána , Rešl Milan
Published: April 2019

A different tumor concurrence of the uterine body is usually encountered as a coincidence of leiomyoma and endometrial cancer. Pure lipomatous tumors or fatty change in the leiomyoma or endometrium are rare affections with some diagnostic peculiarities. We present a case of association of the pure uterine lipoma, leiomyoma, and endometrial cancer as a tumor triplicity, which may contribute, to the pathogenesis of mesenchymal tumors in this location.
Automatisierte Inbetriebnahme von Industriellen IoT-Systemen in der Prozessautomatisierung: Eine Referenzarchitektur
Authors: Burger Andreas , Platenius-Mohr Marie , Koziolek Heiko
Published: April 2019

Die Inbetriebnahme von Prozessleitsystemen ist heutzutage teuer und umständlich, da ein hoher manueller Aufwand nötig ist. Durch den Trend zu Industrie 4.0 und IIoT sind bereits eine Vielzahl industrieller Standards verfügbar, auf deren Basis herstellerunabhängige selbstkonfigurierende Geräte („Plug-and-Produce“ (PnP)) realisiert werden können, die den Aufwand der Inbetriebnahme verringern. In diesem Papier stellen wir eine auf solchen Standards basierende Referenzarchitektur für IIoT-Prozessautomatisierungssysteme vor. Die Eckpfeiler der Architektur sind (i) die Verwendung modellbasierter Beschreibungen basierend auf PLCopen für gesteuerte Geräte, (ii) die Spezifikation eines PnP-Dienstes, der das Abstimmen der Konfigurationen von Steuereinheit (engl. Controller) und Feldgeräten entkoppelt und hierzu auf OPC UA Pub/Sub zurückgreift sowie (iii) die Verwendung von Technologien für selbstkonfigurierende Netzwerke. Weiterhin diskutieren wir zukünftige Forschungsherausforderungen, die auf der vorgeschlagenen Architektur aufbauen.
Application of a multi-disciplinary design approach in a mechatronic engineering toolchain
Authors: Li Huaxia , Zou Minjie , Hogrefe Georg , Ryashentseva Daria , Sollfrank Michael , Koltun Gennadiy , Vogel-Heuser Birgit
Published: April 2019

Due to the increasing integration of different disciplines, the complexity in the development of mechatronic production systems is growing. To address this issue, a multi-disciplinary design approach has been proposed, which follows the model-based systems engineering (MBSE) architecture and integrates the interdisciplinary modeling approach SysML4Mechatronics. In this article, the applicability of this approach in the machine and plant manufacturing domain is demonstrated using five use cases. These use cases are derived from industry and are demonstrated in a lab-sized production plant. The results of the application show that the approach can completely fulfil the proposed industrial requirements, namely interdisciplinary modeling, comprehensibility of system modeling, reusability of the modeling components, coupling different engineering models and checking data consistency.
“Do you understand these charges?”: How procedural communication in youth criminal justice court violates the rights of young offenders in Canada
Authors: Suri Tara
Published: April 2019

This paper considers Canada’s young offenders in the context from which they enter the youth criminal courtroom. To determine how youth criminal justice courts violate the Canadian Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), this analysis relates said context to several phenomena, including legal linguistics, oral language competency, literacy, communicative competency, non-verbal communication, the physical structure of youth courtrooms, and legal translation (Government of Canada eds. 2018. Youth criminal justice act. Ottawa: Government of Canada.). As a result of the standards of procedural communication upheld by the Canadian criminal justice system, young people’s rights, including the right to be respected regardless of cultural, ethnic, or linguistic differences, the right to be heard and to participate in proceedings, the right to be sentenced meaningfully, the right to privacy, and the right to be tried in a timely manner are abused in the youth criminal courtroom. Although insufficient structures of procedural communication cause these issues and are beyond the control of counsel, defense counsel are often blamed for their effects. Legal professionals must make important adjustments such as altering the formal speech required in youth criminal courtrooms, employing legal professionals with the role of translating legal jargon to young people in the courtroom, and closing youth courtrooms off from the public to reduce the YCJA violations occurring in youth criminal justice court. These adjustments are ultimately the responsibility of the Canadian criminal justice system.
Structure of Iron-Nickel Coatings Obtained by Using Pulse Current
Authors: Ganich R. P. , Zabludovsky V. O. , Artemchuk V. V.
Published: April 2019

The paper presents the research results concerning the structure of iron-nickel alloy films obtained with pulse unipolar current from an electrolyte solution. It is shown that under the conditions of unsteady electrocrystallization there are processes on the cathode that lead to the formation of highly nonequilibrium structures and the change in the growth nature of the coating from columnar to layer-by-layer one.
Features of the Structure and Physical-Chemical Properties of Poly-Ortho-Toluidine Doped with Toluenesulfonic Acid
Authors: Stepura A.L. , Aksimentyeva O.I. , Demchenko P.Yu.
Published: April 2019

Features of crystal structure, electrical conductivity and thermal stability of poly-ortho-toluidine (PoTi) samples, obtained with method of oxidative polymerization in the environment of sulfuric and toluenesulfonic acids (TSA), were investigated. It was discovered that PoTi-TSA samples are characterized withhigh crystallinity. According to the physico-chemical analysis, doping samples with TSA causes increase of PoTi thermal stability, electrical conductivity and sensor sensitivity on the contrary to samples doped with sulfuric acid. Based on temperature dependence of specific resistance, were calculated the values of the conductivity activation energy, which are within the limits of 0.2-0.4 eV depending on the type of dopant.