bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Między inferencjonizmem i antyinferencjonizmem: spór o naturę kompetencji komunikacyjnej po odkryciu zjawiska niedookreślenia językowego
Authors: Witek Maciej
Published: July 2021

Spór między inferencjonizmem oraz antyinferencjonizmem — dwoma konkurencyjnymi ujęciami natury kompetencji komunikacyjnej — toczy się w ramach paradygmatu postgriceowskiego w wyniku sformułowania tezy o niedookreśleniu językowym. Autor niniejszego rozdziału omówi tezy o niedookreśleniu językowym ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem konsekwencji, do których prowadzi ona w ramach griceowskiego myślenia o komunikacji. Zwróci jednocześnie uwagę na prezentację dwóch stanowisk inferencjonistycznych oraz dwóch stanowisk antyinferencjonistycznych. Do grona tych pierwszych zaliczy teorię relewancji oraz teorię rozbudowanego schematu aktów mowy.
Metodologie etymologii
Authors: Perlin Jacek
Published: July 2021

Pod pojęciem etymologii, czyli pochodzenia wyrazu, rozumie się albo historyczną ciągłość między jego końcową dla nas postacią a jej najbliższym zaświadczonym historycznym poprzednikiem, albo relację między końcową postacią wyrazu a jej prehistoryczną zrekonstruowaną formą lub kolejnymi formami z następujących po sobie faz rozwoju języka. W każdym wypadku poprzednik badanego wyrazu może być określony nazwą etymonu. Autor rozważa różne metodologie związane z przejściem od etymonu do wyrazu badanego posługując się licznymi przykładami.
Gobernanza y regulación del sistema universitario peruano: luces y sombras de una nueva reforma
Authors: Távara José
Published: July 2021

Este artículo presenta una evaluación del nuevo modelo de gobernanza universitaria que se viene constituyendo en el Perú, luego de varias décadas de rápida expansión del sistema, con altas tasas de matrícula y graduación, en un contexto de apertura y liberalización de los mercados educativos, incentivos tributarios a la educación privada con y sin fin de lucro, congelamiento de presupuestos de las universidades públicas, y ausencia de mecanismos de supervisión de la calidad. En este contexto surgieron nuevos actores con intereses comerciales en la educación superior, que han logrado construir redes de relaciones en la política y el sistema judicial. El año 2014 se aprobó una nueva ley universitaria y se dio inicio a una ambiciosa reforma, que intenta confrontar estos intereses y revertir el deterioro en la calidad educativa. El estudio examina los principales desafíos que enfrenta esta reforma, poniendo de relieve algunos errores de concepción y de diseño, la debilidad del ente rector en el Ministerio de Educación, las controversias sobre la autonomía de la agencia reguladora constituida por la nueva ley, los conflictos y tensiones generadas por la fragmentación de las asociaciones universitarias, el proceso de licenciamiento en curso y la reorganización ―actualmente detenida― del sistema de acreditación.
Oferta de trabajo del hogar remunerado en el Perú Rural: 2015 - 2017
Authors: Garavito Cecilia
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la evolución del trabajo del hogar remunerado (THR) en el Perú rural, así como los determinantes de la oferta de trabajo del hogar en dicho sector. Debido al diseño de la encuesta solamente contamos con los datos familiares de las trabajadoras del hogar remuneradas “cama afuera”; sin embargo, el porcentaje de trabajadoras del hogar remuneradas “cama adentro” es muy bajo y su inclusión no afecta las estimaciones. Dado que esta actividad es llevada a cabo en su mayoría por mujeres, y que es una entre otras alternativas laborales, postulamos que al haber menos alternativas en el sector rural, al contrario que en el sector urbano, el trabajo del hogar remunerado no es un empleo de refugio. Sobre la base de un modelo teórico de consumidor – productor, encontramos los determinantes de ofrecer la fuerza laboral a ésta actividad en relación a otras actividades, el desempleo y la inactividad. Asimismo, los determinantes de las horas ofrecidas, tanto al trabajo del hogar remunerado (THR) como a otras ocupaciones. Debido al reducido número de casos, para el trabajo empírico empleamos un pool con los datos de las ENAHO 2015 – 2017. Encontramos que los ingresos por hora en el THR son mayores que los ingresos de las mujeres en otras ocupaciones rurales. Asimismo, si bien a mayor nivel de educación es más probable que las mujeres rurales estén empleadas, el efecto marginal es mayor para las otras ocupaciones que para el THR. Las mujeres jefas de hogar, así como las casadas o convivientes tienen mayor probabilidad de trabajar en otras ocupaciones que en el THR. En el caso de la oferta de THR la elasticidad horas – salario es negativa y significativa, siendo de -0.0271 para el pool y similar para cada año por separado. En el caso de otras ocupaciones, la relación entre los ingresos y las horas trabajadas es positiva. Las obligaciones familiares reducen las horas ofrecidas al THR y aumentan las horas ofrecidas a otros trabajos. Finalmente, las jornadas de trabajo son más largas para las mujeres en la sierra y en la selva, respecto a la costa rural.
El sector gastronómico en el Perú: Encadenamientos y su potencial crecimiento económico
Authors: Tello Mario
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo analiza el potencial en crecimiento económico del sector gastronómico a través de las características productivas, encadenamientos y multiplicadores básicos de dicho sector y mercado con informaciones de diferentes fuentes desde el año 2004 hasta el 2016. El trabajo muestra, por un lado, que las magnitudes en valores reales de producción y empleo del sector están sobre-estimados debido a la inclusión de servicios o ´productos’ que difícilmente (y particularmente a nivel internacional), los ‘gourmets’ puedan considerarlos como ‘gastronómicos’. De otro lado, el trabajo muestra que el mercado gastronómico es segmentado por departamento (o región) y tamaño de empresa implicando diferentes elasticidades ingreso y precios de la demanda de los ‘productos, platos, recetas’ gastronómicos. Adicionalmente, los índices de complejidad de los productos de exportación y los multiplicadores de producción, valor agregado y empleo revelan el bajo nivel de complejidad de los ‘productos gastronómicos de exportación’ que implican capacidades productivas débiles y bajo dinamismo sobre el desarrollo y crecimiento de la economía. Los resultados del trabajo plantean una reconsideración de la tesis, propuesta por muchos, de que ‘la gastronomía es un sector motor de crecimiento y desarrollo económico de la economía peruana’. La probable contribución de la gastronomía está primariamente asociada a la inserción del sector a un política de promoción del sector turismo.
Uso desigual del espacio recreativo público en el contexto de la COVID-19 en Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Chambi Chamorro Gloria Estefany , Huachaca Pozo Josselin , Poma Monrroy Eva Alejandra
Published: July 2021

El aislamiento obligatorio producido por la pandemia de la COVID-19 ha evidenciado la necesidad de poder recrearse o generar un vínculo social, no solamente para gozar de un bienestar físico, sino mental es realmente tal: una necesidad. Ante la «nueva normalidad», el gobierno peruano ejecutó medidas para la reincorporación de las actividades recreativas individuales, así surge la necesidad de analizar las desigualdades socioespaciales para acceder a un espacio recreativo público de calidad próximo al lugar de residencia, el uso y frecuencia en función del antes, durante y después de la cuarentena, y las políticas públicas que se vienen ejecutando para el adecuado uso de los espacios recreativos públicos en Lima Metropolitana, las cuales fueron evaluadas a través de una encuesta virtual. Se concluye que es necesario proporcionar espacios de calidad que aseguren el uso seguro y equitativo, para satisfacer las necesidades sociales e individuales y evitar el desplazamiento en búsqueda de espacios idóneos, a fin de reducir el incremento de contagios.
Mercaderes y ansias nobiliarias: integración y ascenso social de la familia Malo de Molina
Authors: Mogrovejo Vidal David
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar las dimensiones social y cultural del ascenso de los mercaderes residentes en el virreinato del Perú en el entramado social, a inicios del siglo XVII, a partir del proceso de integración a la elite de Melchor Malo de Molina. Este fue un mercader español que llegó al Perú a finales del siglo XVI y que, en solo algunas décadas, llegó a formar parte de los círculos más prestigiosos de dicha sociedad. Se propone que la vinculación y control sobre el patrimonio de familias de la elite y la construcción de una imagen pública de nobleza fueron pilares esenciales de su éxito.
Student attitude to distance education: Pros and cons
Authors: Illarionova Lyudmila P. , Karzhanova Natalya V. , Ishmuradova Alfia M. , Nazarenko Sergey V. , Korzhuev Andrey V. , Ryazanova Elena L.
Published: July 2021

This article is aimed at identifying the peculiarities of students' attitude to distance education. As a leading method, the questionnaire method was used, which made it possible to identify the students’ positive and negative attitudes regarding distance learning more effectively. The article considers students' ideas about distance learning, identifies the positive and negative aspects of the distance learning process. The authors of the article in the process of research revealed that many students of various fields of study are interested in participating in distance courses, but within the framework of mastering a second education. Some students note the usefulness of distance courses, the use of their materials at any time, and the convenience of going back to the materials they have completed at any time to fill in gaps or recall a topic. Some students reported a violation of the educational process in the distance format due to the repeated lack of Internet or its poor quality. Most of the students expressed dissatisfaction with the lack of contact communication in the distance learning process. It is proved that the majority of students believe that distance education will never replace traditional education. Mainly students of technical areas of study gave a negative assessment of the distance education system. It was revealed that students of various fields of study took distance courses that were held in other cities or countries. From the point of view of many students, educational websites have an inconvenient interface.

 

 Keywords: distance education, distance courses, students, learning process, pros and cons.
FACTORES DE AMORTIGUAMIENTO PARA ESPECTROS DE DESPLAZAMIENTO DE SISTEMAS CON DISIPADORES DE ENERGÍA HISTERÉTICOS
Authors: Ruiz Gómez Sonia Elda , Orellana Ojeda Miguel Angel
Published: July 2021

Se propone y aplica una metodología basada en un análisis probabilista para estimar factores de amortiguamiento (Fmd) que modifican al espectro de desplazamiento elástico. Los Fmd toman en cuenta la disipación de energía de los sistemas disipadores del tipo histerético, así como el peligro sísmico del sitio donde se desplantan las estructuras. Se realizan análisis no lineales y lineales en el tiempo para sistemas de un grado de libertad equipados con disipadores de energía (S1GDL duales) y S1GDL convencionales, respectivamente. Se hace ver la influencia en los factores Fmd de los distintos parámetros de diseño y las características del suelo. Se obtienen expresiones matemáticas para los Fmd. los cuales resultan función del periodo de vibración de la estructura, de las características del sistema estructura-disipador y del tipo de suelo (duro, intermedio o blando) en donde se localizan los sistemas estructurales. Las expresiones son útiles para el diseño sísmico preliminar basado en el control de desplazamiento de sistemas estructurales equipados con disipadores del tipo histerético, ubicados en la ciudad de México.
Perceptions and Experiences of Change in Practices of Masculinity among University-Educated Men of Iranian Origin in Quebec
Authors: Mehdizadeh Zohreh
Published: July 2021

Through 19 qualitative interviews with university-educated men of Iranian origin living in the province of Quebec, this article sets out to examine their perceptions and experiences of performing masculinity in a new social setting. The Life Course theoretical approach has been applied to analyze how a shift in the social, cultural, and family context run by different ideals of manhood impacts the practices through which men expressed their masculinity. Thematic and comprehensive analyses of the data revealed gender roles apportioned to men in the society of origin, conjugality, and legal standards of the host society to be the main domains where changes and challenges were experienced. The results help us understand that masculinity, like femininity, is a contextually situated trajectory constructed in an ongoing interaction between the larger social structures and individual agency; like any other pathways of individuals’ lives, masculinity is a continuous process of rethinking and reinventing certain configurations, including the gender relevant attitudes and behaviors establishing what manhood is about and how it should be in a given societal context (Carpenter, 2010; West & Zimmerman, 1987). Masculinity is also a situated act as it evolves in a sociocultural context that has already defined some expressions of gender identities as ideal (West & Zimmerman, 1987).
Impact of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Malawi – Round 1 Report
Authors: Matita Mirriam , Chimombo Masautso
Published: July 2021

Given the ravaging effects of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide, this study seeks to estimate its likely impact on food systems and livelihoods in Malawi. This briefing note is based on our stratified random sample of 114 household heads (32 female and 82 male) drawn from an APRA household survey of groundnut producers in Mchinji and Ntchisi districts, Central Region, as well as seven key informant interviews from those areas. The APRA COVID-19 data collection will be carried out over three rounds. This report presents insights obtained from the first round of research conducted during June/July 2020.
Agricultural Commercialisation and the Political Economy of Value Chains: Tanzania Rice Case Study
Authors: Mdoe Ntengua S.Y. , Mlay Glead I.
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the political economy of rice commercialisation in Tanzania. It is based on a review of trade policies, regulations, strategies, and programmes implemented since the 1960s to promote rice commercialisation, and the views of key informants. Key findings that emerge from the review of literature and key informant interviews indicate that the performance of the value chain over time has been negatively affected by the combined effects of the policies, regulations, strategies, and programmes implemented concurrently.
Local Knowledge and Participation in the Covid-19 Response
Authors: Lenhardt Amanda
Published: July 2021

This report explores approaches to participation in humanitarian response and evidence on the contributions of community engagement in effective response and recovery efforts.It begins with a brief overview of decolonial perspectives on the Covid-19 pandemic to situate participation in the wider context and history of humanitarian and development theory and practice. This is followed by a brief summary of evidence on the role of participation in humanitarian activities andsituates the now ubiquitous concept of ‘Building Back Better’ (BBB) inthe discussion of participatory crisis response and recovery. The remaining sections of the report introduce participatory approaches that have been applied through the Covid-19 pandemic: decentralised decision-making, technological adaptations to engage local communities, and Southern-led research and participatory research methods.
Mapeamento das unidades de ensino superior em instituições multicampi: análise das proximidades tecnológicas no Centro Estadual de Educação Paula Souza
Authors: Rocha Regina Ferreira da , Grácio Maria Cláudia Cabrini
Published: July 2021

As Instituições de Ensino Superior são consideradas pilares importantes ao desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico. Neste cenário, o Centro Estadual de Educação Tecnológica Paula Souza, instituição de ensino multicampi, é formado por 73 Faculdades de Tecnologia distribuídas no estado de São Paulo. Analisam-se as proximidades entre as unidades do Centro Paula Souza, segundo as vocações tecnológicas, a fim de visualizar agrupamentos (clusters) formados a partir das suas similaridades. Como aporte metodológico para mapear a rede de proximidades entre as unidades de ensino, adotam-se a análise de redes sociais e a análise estatística multivariada de cluster. Observam-se três agrupamentos, a partir dos quais é possível visualizar as potencialidades de interação entre as unidades, suas forças, seus aspectos comuns e suas peculiaridades. Os resultados oferecem aporte às tomadas de decisão da gestão acadêmico-científica da instituição, assim como um método de análise para outras com estrutura semelhante.
COVID-19 Salgın Sürecinde GLOBALGAP
Authors: AKBUDAK Nuray , ŞEN Özgür
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 salgını dünyada ve Türkiye’de pekçok sektörde olduğu gibi tarım ve gıda sektörünü de etkilemiş ve ülkeleri gıda güvenliği konusunda tedbirler almaya zorlamıştır. COVID-19 salgınının dünya gıda sektörü üzerindeki etkileri sonucu; izlenilebilir, sürdürülebilir ve güvenilir gıdaya olan ihtiyaç giderek artmıştır. Avrupa’da ve Amerika’da 1990’lı yıllarda İyi Tarım Uygulamaları (Good Agricultural Practice) olarak ortaya çıkan ve yıllar içerisinde gelişerek GLOBALGAP sistemini oluşturan kuruluş, güvenilir gıdaya ulaşımda 130 ülkede çok sayıda üretici tarafından kullanılmaktadır. GLOBALGAP aynı zamanda, tüketiciler tarafından artan güvenli gıda talebine karşı arzı oluşturmaya yönelik yapılandırılan ticari girişim standartlarını düzenlemektedir. Ortak standartlara sahip sertifikalı üretim ile Türkiye’nin de dâhil olduğu küresel piyasada giderek daha fazla kişiye ulaşmakta ve pazar payı da buna paralel olarak artmaktadır. COVID-19 gıda güvenliğine olan talebi artırırken, gıda arzında da önemli sorunların ortaya çıkmasınıa neden olmuştur. Bu nedenle; GLOBALGAP kapsamında yeni uygulamalar faaliyete girmiştir. Bu makalede, gıda sektöründe üretimden tüketime uluslararasında ortak standart sağlayan GLOBALGAP’ın sertifikasyon sistemi ve özellikle COVID-19 salgın sürecindeki güncel verileri, uygulamaya başlanan alt kapsamları, yenilikleri ortaya konulmuştur.
Semt Pazarında Ürünlerini Satan Çiftçilerin Görüşleri ve Memnuniyet Durumları: Sinop İli Gerze İlçesi Örneği, Türkiye
Authors: AYDIN ERYILMAZ Gamze , KILIÇ Osman
Published: July 2021

Araştırmanın amacı, çiftçilerin semt pazarıyla ilgili görüşlerini ve memnuniyet durumlarını ortaya koymak, ayrıca sorunlara yönelik çözüm önerileri getirmektir. Araştırma verileri, Türkiye’nin Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde yer alan Sinop ili Gerze ilçesinde, cuma günleri kurulan semt pazarında tarım ürünleri satışı yapan 68 yerel çiftçiden anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, çiftçilerin büyük bir kısmının (% 91.2) pazarcılıktan elde ettikleri geliri aile geçimini sağlamak için kullandığını göstermektedir. Çiftçilerin % 66.2’si ise pazarda satılmayan ürünleri kendi evlerinde tüketmektedir. Çiftçilerin pazarcılıkla ilgili başlıca görüşleri; kış aylarında pazarcılığın zorlaşması (% 92.7), pazarcılığın yorucu olması (% 91.2) ve ürün çeşitliliğinin az olmasından dolayı ilçe dışından gelen büyük satıcılarla rekabetin güçleşmesidir (% 85.3). Çiftçilere göre önemli sorunlar; pazar yeri etrafının açık olması (% 30.9), pazarın gürültülü olması (% 22.1) ve pazardaki otopark imkânının kısıtlı olmasıdır (% 19.1). Doğrudan pazarlama kanallarından biri olan semt pazarları, çiftçiler için önemli bir gelir kaynağı olmasının yanı sıra, alıcılara da ürünleri taze ve uygun fiyatla satın alma olanağı sunmaktadır. Bu nedenle semt pazarlarının fiziki altyapısının iyileştirilerek daha modern bir yapıya kavuşturulması, alıcı ve satıcı memnuniyetinin sağlanması açısından önemlidir.
Socio-Economic Status of the Actors of the Request for Change
Authors: Latova Natalia
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the socio-economic situation of supporters of change and adherents of stability in the statics (according to 2019) and dynamics (during 1997–2019). The analysis confirms the concept that the importance of the absolute socio-economic situation (level of income) has no significant connection with the presence/absence of protest requests. The study of subjective satisfaction with the socio-economic situation was found to be more productive. At the same time, the point of view that the main supporters of change in post-Soviet Russia are Russians who feel they are poorer should be strongly rejected. The analysis showed that supporters of change in Russia are, as a rule, people with average financial status. At the same time, compared to previous years, by the end of the 2010s actors for change are gaining new features: being more satisfied with their backround, they demonstrate dissatisfaction with the aspects of their lives that determine their future (material situation, access to quality medical care and, especially, the ability to express their political views). Social and political factors, in contrast to the first post-Soviet decade, come to the fore. In general, the main social and economic differences in recent years between supporters of change and supporters of stability can be described as follows: those who want to change are more acutely affected by the problems of financial standing and maintaining health, but even more acutely by the decline in political opportunities in society.
Attitude to Immigrants in the Mass Consciousness of Europeans (using the example of secondary analysis of ESS 2016 data)
Authors: Zhavoronkov Alexander , Voronina Nataliya
Published: July 2021

The article describes the experience of improving the methodology for identifying diversity and homogeneity in the behaviour of complex social objects. The subject area of the study in it is, on the one hand, methods of obtaining sociological knowledge of them adequate to the semantics of social processes, and on the other, specific areas of the process of forming stable types of attitudes towards immigrants among the population of various European countries. To obtain pictures of what is happening, the authors use a toolkit that has been tested in a wide range of studies, the basis of which is the identification of areas (hereinafter referred to as applications, equally semantic fields) of mass consciousness on the basis of the application of the Tay-b-Kendall correlation coefficients. A feature of the approach is the complete alignment of all indicators in relation to each of the studied countries and to all countries together. The initial alignment of parameters at the level of primary data, standardization of two-dimensional matrices of combinatorial statistical contingency tables of a number of features made it possible to build a comparative portrait of the unity and diversity of stereotypes of the mass consciousness in relation to some aspects of immigration in European countries. The total volume of the analyzed array for 2016 for 23 countries is 44487 respondents. The results, some of which are presented in the article, make it possible to optimize the tool for differentiating countries in relation to immigrants.
Family Values of the Population of Bashkortostan Against the Background of Other Russian Regions: Between Tradition and Modernity
Authors: Burkhanova Flura
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the values and attitudes in the field of family and marriage, common among the population of 17–49 years. The survey was conducted in 2020 in 10 regions of the Russian Federation, including the Republic of Bashkortostan. The institutions of marriage and the family, and the values on which they are based, have undergone significant changes in recent decades. Their transformations are interpreted as a departure from the so-called traditional attitudes and behaviours and the transition to modern modernization or postmodernization.
It is concluded that the population of the Republic has, on average, more traditional family and marriage attitudes and values than the population of the Russian regions that participated in the study. They manifest themselves in the chosen scenarios of marriage, in its motivation, in the ideas of a happy family. It cannot be argued that this is happening at the expense of the rural population, that it is definitely more conservative than the urban population. Although many views of the villagers are more traditional (attitude to the marriage contract, same-sex marriage and some others). The opinion of urban residents on many issues is often polarized, they are clearly divided into supporters of traditional values and modern ones. The polarity of opinions may explain the presence among them of recent immigrants from the village, who have not fully accepted the new values for themselves.
Older groups – 30–49 years old, 40–49 years old on some issues, as well as women – are distinguished by great traditionalism. Among representatives of the youngest group, 17–29 years old, who have already entered or will enter the age of active marriage in the next few years, traditionalism is noticeably reduced.
Alojamento Conjunto, Amamentação e Seguimento Neonatal de Recém-Nascidos de Mãe com COVID-19
Authors: Brito Isabel , Sousa Rita , Sanches Bruno , Franco João , Marcelino Susana , Costa Anselmo
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Dada a evidência crescente de maior benignidade da COVID-19 no recém-nascido, surgiram recomendações de promoção do alojamento conjunto e da amamentação. O principal objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a segurança dessa abordagem, através do risco de infeção neonatal grave.Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional prospetivo de abril 2020 a fevereiro 2021 da abordagem hospitalar e seguimento após a alta dos recém-nascidos de mãe com COVID-19 num hospital com apoio perinatal diferenciado, onde foram advogados o alojamento conjunto e amamentação, sempre que possível. Recolhemos os dados no internamento e em seguimento telefónico durante o período neonatal.Resultados: Incluímos 77 recém-nascidos de mãe com COVID-19 (3,8% do total de recém-nascidos), com medianas de idade gestacional 39 semanas e 5 dias e 2370 g de peso à nascença; destes, 9% nasceram pré-termos (versus 12% pré-termos no total de recém-nascidos). Todos estiveram em alojamento conjunto e 4% foram admitidos transitoriamente na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais; um total de 88% recém-nascidos tiveram alta até ao terceiro dia de vida, 97% tiveram alta sob aleitamento materno e 90% mantinham-no no fim do período neonatal. Dos 63 recém-nascidos com seguimento telefónico completo, oito tiveram sintomas compatíveis com COVID-19, três dos quais com observação médica. Em 40% dos casos não houve consulta médica de vigilância após a alta. Houve 5% recém-nascidos com COVID-19 (num total de quatro, registámos um quadro ligeiro e três assintomáticos), sem particularidades no internamento ou seguimento.Discussão: A infeção neonatal foi incomum, não houve quadros graves nem maior incidência de prematuridade. O alojamento conjunto e a amamentação foram práticas seguras, devendo ser promovidas desde que clinicamente possível. Destacamos que a vigilância de saúde após a alta necessita de ser melhorada.Conclusão: Os recém-nascidos de mãe com COVID-19 podem ser mantidos em alojamento conjunto e sob aleitamento materno exclusivo.
Interação entre universidade e comunidade
Authors: Albiero Daniel , Rodrigues Gastão Bosco , Melo Rafaela Paula , Souza-Esquerdo Vanilde Ferreira de
Published: July 2021

A agricultura familiar representa a maior parte das propriedades rurais do Brasil e devido às suas características intrínsecas o mais adequado sistema produtivo para estas é o Sistema de Produção Agroecológico (SPA). No entanto, esta categoria de agricultores e este tipo de sistema de produção não possuem acesso às tecnologias que possibilitem aumentar a eficiência do trabalho, e quando tem acesso, estas tecnologias não são adequadas e adaptadas para as especificidades das condições sociais, ambientais e econômicas. Neste contexto um excelente viés para desenvolver tecnologias adequadas e que sejam apropriadas pelos agricultores familiares são as tecnologias sociais. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar diversos exemplos de tecnologias sociais desenvolvidas focando na agricultura familiar agroecológica. São descritos os métodos adotados e os atores sociais envolvidos que tomaram parte no desenvolvimento de máquinas e sistemas de energia renováveis. Por fim é apresentado um programa de estudos sobre temas prementes e solicitados pelos agricultores familiares agroecológicos, estes temas são definidos e descritos em função da interpelação entre o desenvolvimento atual e a interface com a agricultura familiar.
Dança, deficiência e seus contextos
Authors: Lopes Keyla Ferrari , Paula Maria Alice da Cruz , Araújo Paulo Ferreira de
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é relatar a experiência artística e recreativa do projeto de extensão Cia de dança Humaniza desenvolvido para jovens com e sem deficiência. A dança, enquanto possibilidade de interação entre pessoas com e sem deficiência, é uma atividade oferecida e valorizada em diferentes contextos com objetivos diversos, sejam eles artísticos, recreativos ou terapêuticos, a condição de deficiência não deve ser um fator limitador para a realização desta atividade visto que praticantes e dançarinos com corpos e habilidades diferentes devem ser reconhecidos e vistos também como artistas da dança, destacando -se o fazer artístico que também possui papel educativo e inclusivo.
Heterodox Macroeconomics: algunas implicaciones para las opciones de política económica en México y los Estados Unidos y en el estudio de los modelos à la Harrod
Authors: De León Arias Adrián
Published: July 2021

Nota bibliográfica de:

 R. A. Blecker y M. Setterfield (2019). Heterodox Macroeconomics: Models of Demand, Distribution and Growth. Cheltenham, Reino Unido, y Northampton, Massachusetts: Edward Elgar.
Ensayo sobre las utilidades
Authors: Ricardo David
Published: July 2021

Mediante este texto, David Ricardo abre una discusión acerca de las ideas de Thomas Malthus sobre las teorías del aumento de capital y el tipo de utilidades, las cuales se aplicaron a los procesos económicos en la agricultura y al contexto de la Gran Bretaña de 1814-1815 respecto de las políticas económicas que se estaban llevando a cabo para regular el comercio de los cereales. De esta manera, reflexiona sobre las relaciones y las dinámicas dadas entre capital y utilidades.
STUDY OF FRAUD TENDENCY: THE ROLE OF UNETHICAL BEHAVIORS AS MEDIATION
Authors: Hamidah Siti , Reskino Reskino
Published: July 2021

Islamic banking and Islamic insurance are institutions that are trusted by the public that play an important role in the economy that should uphold Islamic values. But in fact, there are still many cases of fraud that occur in Islamic banking and Islamic insurance. This study aims to examine the determinant factor fraud tendency with the role of unethical behavior as mediation. The sample used is the financial staff of Islamic banking and Islamic insurance in DKI Jakarta as many as 118 respondents. The data analysis method used in this research is Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM). The results of this study indicate that the implementation of good corporate governance (GCG) practice has a significant effect on unethical behavior, but conformity compensation does not have a significant effect on unethical behavior. Conformity compensation, implementation of GCG practice, and unethical behavior has a significant effect on the fraud tendency. Furthermore, the implementation of GCG practice has a significant effect on fraud tendency through unethical behavior, but conformity compensation has no significant effect on fraud tendency through unethical behavior.
Regressão marinha que sucedeu o optimum climático holocênico
Authors: Rubira Felipe Gomes , Perez Filho Archimedes
Published: July 2021

A regressão marinha que sucedeu o optimumclimático holocênico (MIS1) concentra as principais discussões, hipóteses e entraves teóricos inerentes a literatura costeira sobre as variações do nível relativo do mar no litoral do Brasil. Este fato se deve ao desenvolvimento de dois modelos de curvas de variações do nível relativo do mar que se divergem em função de interpretações conflitantes a partir de diferentes registros datados. Estas curvas evidenciaram que durante os últimos 7.000 anos A.P. a costa brasileira foi submetida a uma fase de submersão que durou até 5.100-5.400 anos A.P. (MIS1), seguido por período de emersão associado àregressão que culminou no nível do mar atual. Contudo, para alguns autores, este evento eustático regressivo transcorreu mediante duas oscilações de alta frequência com amplitudes de 3 a 4 m (4.100-3.800 e 3.000-2.700 anos A.P.). Hipótese fortemente contestada por outros pesquisadores que defendem a ocorrência de uma regressão progressiva contínua, sem oscilações secundárias responsáveis por interromper a tendência uniforme. A partir desta problemática, esta pesquisa destaca as principais discussões teóricas envolvendo o comportamento do nível do mar ao longo da regressão holocênica. Afinal, houve ou não oscilações secundárias do nível do mar no litoral brasileiro ao longo de regressão que sucedeu MIS1?
Spesies Famili Hydrocharitaceae Pada Habitat Rawa Bervegetasi Galam Kecamatan Bati-Bati Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Rabiatul Rabiatul , Dharmono Dharmono , Riefani Maulana Khalid
Published: July 2021

Keanekaragaman tumbuhan terbagi atas Alga, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, dan Spermatophyta yang hidup pada habitat perairan maupun daratan. Salah satu famili anggota tumbuhan Spermatophyta yang berhabitat di air adalah famili Hydrocharitaceae. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman spesies famili Hydrocharitaceae di kawasan rawa vegetasi galam Kecamatan Bati-bati Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan diskriptif pada penelitan keanekaragaman spesies dari famili Hydrocharitaceae di kawasan rawa vegetasi galam dengan teknik pengambilan data secara jelajah. Data keanekaragaman spesies dianalisis secara diskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa rawa bervegetasi galam Kecamatan Bati-Bati Kabupaten Tanah Laut ditemukan enam spesies anggota famili Hydrocharitaceae, yaitu; Blyxa echinosperma (CB. Clarke) Hook.f., Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle., Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L., Limnobium laevigatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Heine., Ottelia ovalifolia (R.Br.) Rich., dan Ottelia alismoides (L.) Persoon.
Pengaruh Kontrol Kualitas Biologi dan Kimia Air Tambak Terhadap Kualitas Udang Putih (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Pesisir Trisik Kabupaten Kulonprogo
Authors: Khairisa Noor Husna , Qaiyimah Dinil
Published: July 2021

Kontrol kualitas air tambak adalah salah satu penentu keberhasilan budidaya udang, tetapi hanya beberapa petambak udang di Pesisir Trisik yang melakukan kontrol kualitas air. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh kontrol kualitas biologi dan kimia air tambak terhadap kualitas udang putih (Litopenaeus vannamei). Kualitas udang ditentukan dengan tingkat hidup, umur, dan ukuran udang. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode survei. Populasi penelitian adalah 102 petak tambak yang ada di Pesisir Trisik. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan purposive sampling (15 sampel). Pengumpulan data kualitas udang dilakukan dengan wawancara. Data pemilik tambak, jumlah petak tambak udang, parameter kualitas air, dan tanggal pengontrolan air tambak didapatkan melalui studi literatur dan studi dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petambak melakukan kontrol kualitas air setiap 7-10 hari. Tingkat keberhasilan hidup (27.91%), umur (16.09%), dan ukuran udang meningkat (35.60%). Kontrol kualitas air tambak udang secara rutin dapat meningkatkan kualitas udang dan mengurangi resiko kegagalan panen.
Рідкі відходи органосольвентної делігніфікації соломи ріпаку
Authors: Галиш Віта , Дейкун Ірина
Published: July 2021

Швидке зростання споживання різних видів целюлози та паперових виробів, а також відсутність необхідних запасів сировини для їх виробництва обумовлює необхідність застосування нелісових порід для виробництва різних матеріалів на основі целюлози. Ріпакова солома, яка не використовується для сільського господарства, може розглядатися як перспективна альтернатива деревині для отримання целюлози, виробництва картону та паперової продукції. Метою роботи було дослідити склад відпрацьованих розчинів після делігніфікації ріпакової соломи оцтовою кислотою. Підвищення температури призводить до збільшення кількості розчинених речовин, тоді як ефективність делігніфікації дещо знижується. Водночас підвищення температури призводить до збільшення сухого залишку через інтенсифікацію процесу видалення з сировини різних екстрактивних речовин, лігніну, полісахаридів та мінеральних речовин. Зольність також зменшується. Співвідношення тверде речовина:розчин, яке впливає на характер дифузійних процесів у біомасі під час делігніфікації, також є важливим фактором делігніфікації. Варіння при співвідношенні тверда речовина:розчин 5:1 дозволяє отримати меншу кількість розчинених компонентів, що призводить до низького вмісту сухого залишку у відпрацьованому розчині через неповну делігніфікацію ріпакової соломи. Дифузійні обмеження на перенесення пероцтової кислоти з целюлозного розчину в міжклітинний простір біомаси призводять до гальмування окиснення лігніну під час делігніфікації. Дифузія фрагментів окисленого лігніну із соломи у відпрацьований розчин також ускладнена. Під час окисно-орагносольвентної обробки ріпакової соломи оцтовою кислотою протягом 120 хв відпрацьований розчин характеризується вмістом сухого залишку 55,6 кг/м3. Отримані результати вказують на те, що в процесі делігніфікації оцтова кислота повністю витрачається на реакції окиснення компонентів сировини. В результаті витрачений розчин, збагачується на  цукри. У той же час відпрацьований розчин містить значну кількість оцтової кислоти (723 г/л), яку доцільно регенерувати та повертати до процесу, щоб забезпечити принцип економії ресурсів.
Optimalisation of the SI engine timing advance fueled by LPG
Authors: FABIŚ Paweł , FLEKIEWICZ Marek
Published: July 2021

This study is an attempt to determine the control parameters of the control system for gaseous fuels currently used for driving vehicles. It presents the selected dynamic parameters of the car obtained when fueling the engine with petroleum-based LPG. This paper attempts to determine the optimal timing advance of the gas-air mixture and the efficiency of its processing in the drive system of the tested vehicle driven by a four-cylinder engine with a 1.6 dm. More so, this article includes an analysis of the influence of the optimised power charts of the engine on the dynamics of the motion of a motor vehicle running on gaseous fuel. To present changes in the dynamics of movement, indicators and parameters determining changes in the dynamics of vehicle movement, such as dynamic coefficient, acceleration and flexibility were used. Through this analysis, it is possible to verify the optimised power and torque waveform and determine whether the vehicle dynamics improved.
Non-Taster: A Photo Essay About a Loss of Taste and Breakfast
Authors: Zeng Burong
Published: July 2021

Non-taster is a photo essay exploring the elusive connections between the change of taste and the immigrant experience based on my story of losing taste at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak. The world, which used to be dirty, viscous, and alive has rapidly become hygienic, distanced, and virtual. I documented the packaging and food sauce for breakfast via a series of scanned images and photographs during the second and third lockdown in London. The photos of spicy sauce and food packaging reveal the desire to reconnect with the senses. Alongside apathy, nostalgia, and homesickness, Non-taster laments the changes of the senses and desires in the post-pandemic period.
Beyond Misperception–Two Types of Mental Model Errors in a Dynamic Decision Task
Authors: Schaffernicht Martin , López-Astorga Miguel , Rojas-Barahona Cristian , Castillo Ramón
Published: July 2021

This article contributes to research on mental models and how they underpin decision policies. It proposes a framework for the joint use of mental models of dynamic systems and the theory of mental models initiated by Johnson–Laird and defines two types of errors: (1) misrepresentation of the system’s structure, and (2) failure to deploy relevant mental models of possibilities. We use a dynamic decision task based on Moxnes’ “reindeer experiment” to formulate three intuitive policies, their underlying mental models, and the reasoning, and evaluate the policies under varying initial conditions. Each of the policies generates problematic behaviors like dependance on initial conditions, underperformance because of flawed goal setting and oscillation due to leaving the delay in a feedback loop out of account. We identify errors of both types in the mental models and relate them to the behavioral problems. Limitations and questions for further research conclude the paper.
High-Efficiency Polarizer Reflectarray Antennas for Data Transmission Links from a CubeSat
Authors: Martinez-de-Rioja Eduardo , Martinez-de-Rioja Daniel , López-Sáez Rafael , Linares Ignacio , Encinar Jose A.
Published: July 2021

This paper presents two designs of high-efficiency polarizer reflectarray antennas able to generate a collimated beam in dual-circular polarization using a linearly polarized feed, with application to high-gain antennas for data transmission links from a Cubesat. First, an 18 cm x 18 cm polarizer reflectarray operating in the 17.2 - 22.7 GHz band has been designed, fabricated and tested. The measurements of the prototype show an aperture efficiency of 52.7% for right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) and 57.3% for left-handed circular polarization (LHCP), both values higher than those previously reported in related works. Then, a dual-band polarizer reflectarray is presented for the first time, which operates in dual-CP in the frequency bands of 20 and 30 GHz. The proposed antenna technology enables a reduction of the complexity and cost of the feed chain to operate in dual-CP, as a linear-to-circular polarizer is no longer required. This property, combined with the lightweight, flat profile and low fabrication cost of printed reflectarrays, makes the proposed antennas good candidates for Cubesat applications.
Association between Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Hypertension: Results of Kanagawa Investigation of Total Checkup Data from the National Database-9 (Kitchen-9)
Authors: Nakajima Kei , Igata Manami , Tanaka Kotone , Higuchi Ryoko , Mizusawa Kaori , Nakamura Teiji
Published: July 2021

Background Although high-density lipoprotein has cardioprotective effects, the association between serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and hypertension is poorly understood. Objective We investigated whether low and high concentrations of HDL-C are associated with hypertension using a large healthcare dataset. Methods In a community-based cross-sectional study of 1,493,152 Japanese people aged 40–74 years who underwent a health checkup, blood pressures and clinical parameters, including nine HDL-C concentrations (20–110 mg/dL or over) were investigated. Results A crude U-shaped relationship was observed between the nine HDL-C concentrations and blood pressure in males (n = 830,669), while a left-to-right inverted J-shaped relationship was observed in females(n = 662,483). An age-adjusted logistic regression analysis showed J-shaped relationships (left-to-right inversion in females) between HDL-C and odds ratios for hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg), with lower limits of 60–79 mg/dL in males and 90–99 mg/dL in females, which were unchanged after adjusting for smoking, habitual exercise, alcohol consumption, and pharmacotherapy for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. However, further adjustment for body mass index and serum triglyceride concentration revealed latent positive linear associations between HDL-C and hypertension, although the association between extremely high HDL-C (≥100 mg/dL) and hypertension was attenuated in non-alcohol drinkers. Conclusion Both low and extremely high HDL-C concentrations are associated with hypertension. The former association may be dependent on excess fat mass, which is often concomitant with low HDL-C, whereas the latter association may be dependent on frequent alcohol consumption.
Depression Diagnosis by Deep Learning Using EEG Signals: A Systematic Review
Authors: Safayari Atefeh , Bolhasani Hamidreza
Published: July 2021

Depression is considered by WHO as the main contributor to global disability and it poses dangerous threats to approximately all aspects of human life, in particular public and private health. This mental disorder is usually characterized by considerable changes in feelings, routines, or thoughts. With respect to the fact that early diagnosis of this illness would be of critical importance ineffective treatment, some development has occurred in the purpose of depression detection. EEG signals reflect the working status of the human brain by which are considered the most proper tools for a depression diagnosis. Deep learning algorithms have the capacity of pattern discovery and extracting features from the raw data which is fed into them. Owing to this significant characteristic of deep learning, recently, these methods have intensely utilized in the diverse field of researches, specifically medicine and healthcare. Thereby, in this article, we aimed to review all papers concentrated on using deep learning to detect or predict depressive subjects with the help of EEG signals as input data. Regarding the adopted search method, we finally evaluated 22 articles between 2016 and 2021. This article which is organized according to the systematic literature review (SLR) method, provides complete summaries of all exploited studies and compares the noticeable aspects of them. Moreover, some statistical analysis performs to gain a depth perception of the general ideas of the latest researches in this area. A pattern of a five-step procedure was also established by which almost all reviewed articles fulfilled the goal of depression detection. Finally, open issues and challenges in this way of depression diagnosis or prediction and suggested works as the future directions discussed.
Proof of Gene Doping in a Mouse Model with a Human Erythropoietin Gene Transferred Using an Adenoviral Vector
Authors: Sugasawa Takehito , Nakano Takuro , Fujita Shin-ichiro , Matsumoto Yuki , Ishihara Genki , Aoki Kai , Yanazawa Koki , Ono Seiko , Tamai Shinsuke , Manevich Lev , Ueda Haruna , Ishibashi Noriyo , Tamai Kenshirou , Kanki Yasuharu , Yoshida Yasuko , Watanabe Koichi , Takemasa Tohru , Kawakami Yasushi , Takekoshi Kazuhiro
Published: July 2021

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has prohibited gene doping in the context of progress in gene therapy. In addition, there is a risk of the EPO gene being applied in gene doping among athletes. Along with this, development of a gene-doping test has been underway in worldwide. Here, we had two purposes: to develop a robust gene doping mouse model using the human EPO gene (hEPO) transferred using recombinant adenovirus (rAdV) as a vector and to develop a detection method to prove gene doping using this model. The rAdV including the hEPO gene were injected intravenously to transfer the gene to the liver. After injection, the mice developed significantly increased red blood cell counts in whole blood and increased gene expressions of hematopoietic markers in the spleen, indicating successful development of the gene doping model. Next, we detected direct and indirect proof of gene doping in whole blood DNA and RNA using qPCR assay and RNA sequencing. Proof was detected in one drop of whole blood DNA and RNA over a long period; furthermore, the overall RNA expression profiles significantly changed. Therefore, we have advanced detection of hEPO gene doping in humans.