bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengamanan Jaringan Wireless LAN Dengan Protokol EAP-TTLS Dan Otentikasi MSCHAPv2 Pada Fakultas Ilmu Komputer UPN Veteran Jakarta
Authors: Permadi Kukuh Bagas , Seta Henki Bayu , Astriratma Ria
Published: May 2021

Penggunaan pada protokol WPA memiliki dua proses, antara lain adalah otentikasi serta enkripsi. Pada tingkat network dengan infrastuktur yang besar serta dengan lalu lintas network yang tinggi sama halnya dengan universitas, kantor perusahaan atau tempat umum lainnya yang menggunakan wireless LAN, proses otentikasi merupakan proses yang pertama kali yang dilakukan agar pengguna jaringan wireless LAN dapat mengakses jaringan internet. Maka dari itu, tidak hanya aman namun proses otentikasi bias beroperasi dengan cepat. Solusi dari penelitian ini adalah dengan menerapkan Protokol IEEE 802.1x EAP dengan Extensible Authentication Protocol – Tunneled Transport Layer Security (EAP-TTLS) untuk membuat secure tunnel (terowongan keamanan) dalam pertukaran kunci pada jaringan wireless, serta dengan inner authentication Microsoft Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol Version 2 (MSCHAPv2). Luaran yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini adalah membangun suatu keamanan pada jaringan wireless terpusat pada Fakultas Ilmu Komputer UPN Veteran Jakarta.
Pengujian Model Aplikasi User Interface E-Anjal Dengan Menggunakan Metode Black Box
Authors: Widiastiwi Yuni , Zaidiah Ati , Indriana Intan Hesti
Published: May 2021

Pengujian merupakan salah satu tahapan yang harus dilakukan dalam sebelum melakukan implementasi dari desain model sebuah aplikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan pengujian terhadap rancangan aplikasi user interface E-Anjal yang telah dibuat untuk melihat kesesuaian dengan model desain yang telah ditentukan dan juga mencari kemungkinan terjadinya kesalahan pada tahap perancangan aplikasi user interface. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengujian menggunakan metode black box, dimana dengan metode ini ingin melihat kesalahan yang terjadi pada rancangan user interface berdasarkan kesesuaian antara output yang dibuat dengan input yang dimasukkan, mengacu kepada model desain aplikasi e-anjal. Hasil yang diharapkan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak adanya kesalahan pada  rancangan aplikasi user interface dan sesuai dengan model desain sistem yang telah dibuat.
Perancangan Aplikasi Monitoring Ibadah Harian Siswa Berbasis Android di SMAN 2 Tilatang Kamang
Authors: Qalbi Rizky Wahyuni , Derta Sarwo
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ilmiah ini berisi tentang aplikasi monitoring ibadah harian siswa yang dijalankan pada smartphone berbasis Android. Aplikasi ini bertujuan untuk memantau atau memonitoring perkembangan ibadah harian yang dilakukan oleh siswa. Dimulai dengan mengumpulkan data, merancang dan mengaplikasikan logika program, membuat tampilan aplikasi serta melakukan perbaikan. Peneliti menggunakan model pengembangan SDLC versi Waterfall. Aplikasi ini peneliti rancang menggunakan bahasa pemograman PHP/MySql. Uji coba yang dilakukan pada smartphone Android, mulai dari awal sampai mencoba menu yang ada di dalam aplikasi berjalan lancar. Aplikasi ini peneliti lakukan dengan harapan dapat membantu siswa dan guru dalam proses monitoring ibadah harian yang dilakukan siswa dan pelaporannya.
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PENGOLAHAN PANGAN PENERIMA KJP DI PASAR JAYA WILAYAH MAMPANG PRAPATAN BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Firyal Hana , Krisnanik Erly , Pradnyana I Wayan Widi
Published: May 2021

Supply Chain Management merupakan suatu metode untuk membantu perusahaan dalam mengkoordinasi alur manajemen logistik hingga sampai ke pihak terakhir atau konsumen. Koordinasi ini tidak hanya terdapat di dalam suatu aktivitas perusahaan, tetapi juga untuk aktivitas yang terdapat di luar perusahaan. Pasar merupakan salah satu dari aktor yang terlibat pada alur Supply Chain Management ini. Untuk mendukung kelancaran persediaan pangan pada pasar hingga sampai ke konsumen maka diperlukannya koordinasi dari semua pihak yang terlibat. Namun, pada pasar jaya ini pengolahan persediaan pangan  masih belum efektif, dikarenakan belom terkomputerisasi dalam pengolahannya. Maka dari itu dalam mengatur pengolahan persediaan pangan perlu diadakannya sistem untuk mengatur seluruh informasi yang menyangkup persediaan pangan. Sistem Persediaan Pangan ini meliputi informasi data masuk dan keluarnya pangan, mempermudah pengontrolan persediaan stok pangan serta mempermudah pembuatan laporan yang dilakukan oleh pegawai pergudangan. Sistem ini akan dibuat menggunakan metode prototype serta menggunakan framework codeigniter dalam perancangannya. Yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini berupa sistem pengolahan pangan yang berbasis web yang dapat mengatur serta mempermudah pihak pergudangan melakukan pengolahan data pangan masuk dan keluar, dan data stok pangan yang ada di gudang.
Klasifikasi rempah rimpang berdasarkan ciri warna rgb dan tekstur glcm menggunakan algoritma naive bayes
Authors: Batubara Nadya P. , Widiyanto Didit , Chamidah Nurul
Published: May 2021

Abstrak. Pada penelitian ini akan membahas bagaimana cara mengklasifikasikan beberapa jenis rempah berdasarkan algoritma Naïve Bayes dengan menggunakan ekstraksi ciri warna RGB dan tekstur GLCM. Tahapan dalam proses klasifikasi citra digital pada penelitian ini yaitu praproses citra, segmentasi, ekstraksi ciri, klasifikasi dan uji performa Proses yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah mengubah RGB to Grayscale untuk mendapatkan citra abunya, setelah mengubah citra menjadi Grayscale. Setelah melakukan image enhancement, citra di segmentasi dengan thresholding menggunakan metode Otsu. Setelah mendapatkan hasil dari segmentasi dilakukan RoI (Region of Interest) yang menghasilkan perkalian pixel. Setelah itu dilakukan ekstraksi ciri dengan menggunakan GLCM (Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix) dan ekstraksi fitur RGB (Red, green, blue) yang di ekstrak ke dalam GLCM. Setelah mendapatkan hasil dari ekstraksi ciri maka dilakukan klasifikasi menggunakan algoritma Naïve Bayes. Tahapan terakhir pada penelitian ini adalah uji performa menggunakan K-fold cross validation dengan K=10 dan mendapatkan hasil akurasi sebesar 52%. Kata Kunci: Rempah-rempah, Naïve Bsayes, RGB, GLCM.
Penerapan Face Recognition Pada Aplikasi Akademik Online
Authors: Utomo Budi Tri , Fitri Iskandar , Mardiani Eri
Published: May 2021

Di era big data seperti sekarang ini, proses identifikasi biometrik berkembang dengan sangat cepat dan semakin banyak diimplementasikan pada banyak aplikasi. Teknologi pengenalan wajah memanfaatkan kecerdasan artificial intelligence (AI) untuk mengenali wajah. Didalam penelitian ini diajukan sebuah perancangan sistem login akademik online di Universitas Nasional dengan memanfaatkan face recognition secara real time yang berbasis OpenCV dengan algoritma Local Binary Pattern Histogram, dan metode Haar Cassade Clasifier. Sistem akan mendeteksi, mengenali dan menbandingkan wajah yang tertangkap kamera dengan database wajah yang tersimpan. Citra gambar wajah yang digunakan berukuran 480 x 680 pixel berekstensi .jpg dalam bentuk citra RGB yang akan dirubah menjadi citra Grayscale, untuk mempermudah perhitungan nilai histrogram dari setiap wajah yang akan dikenali. Dengan pemodelan sistem seperti ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah mahasiswa untuk login ke akademik online.
Study on the Status Quo of Smart Campus Construction in Higher Vocational Colleges: The Case of Z School of China’s Guangdong Province
Authors: Deng Zhaoxi , Badiane Kemo
Published: May 2021

The construction of smart campuses is an inevitable trend in the future development of major colleges, especially higher vocational colleges aiming at cultivating high-quality, high-skilled, and high-professional innovative talents. To achieve this goal, higher vocational colleges must develop education informatization, which is an inevitable choice in the new era and the background of "Internet +". Based on advanced technologies, such as cloud computing, big data, Internet+, and new artificial intelligence, combined with high-quality networks and various smart devices, digital education will be carried out to promote the transformation of traditional education to intelligent and innovative education. This article uses Z School as a case study, analyzes its application status, finds its limitations, and puts forward corresponding suggestions. It also provides reference for similar higher vocational colleges so as to promote the construction of educational information in higher vocational colleges and improve the effectiveness of quality education for higher vocational colleges.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 13, No. 6
Authors: Grey Erica
Published: May 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 13, No. 6, 2021.
Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy on the Anxiety and Depression of War-Handicapped
Authors: Anasseri Mehryar
Published: May 2021

Background: Depression and anxiety as the most common psychiatric problems in survivors of traumatic events pose a significant burden on health systems and families. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the impact of group cognitive-behavioral therapy on the anxiety and depression of war veterans. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test and a control group. The statistical population included all men with war disabilities who visited Sadra Psychiatric Hospital in Tehran. By convenience and purposive sampling, 116 people were selected and randomly assigned to two groups. Therapeutic interventions (group cognitive-behavioral therapy and Jacobsen's progressive muscle relaxation technique) were applied to each group for 12 sessions, 2 sessions per week and 2 sessions each. Beck’s Depression Scale (Beck, 1961) and Spielberger’s Anxiety Scale (Spielberger, 1970) were used to collect the data. Data was analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results: The mean scores of anxiety and depression in the post-test phase decreased compared to the pre-test phase (P < 0.05). Therefore, group cognitive-behavioral therapy improved the psychological symptoms of the participants. Conclusions: Cognitive-behavioral therapy improved cognitive flexibility and diminished anxiety-depression symptoms in war veterans; thus, it can be considered a useful treatment strategy to improve the psychological status of war veterans.
Mycobacterium mucogenicum and Klebsiella pneumoniae Pulmonary Infection in a Patient Following Cardiac Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: Wen Zhi-peng , Xu Chun-li , Li Qin , Zheng Zhi-chang , Yang Ji-hong , Li Ming , Fan Xing-hua
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Mycobacterium mucogenicum belongs to the rapidly growing mycobacteria, and it is a rare conditional pathogen. Although recent studies suggested that the incidence of M. mucogenicum infection was increased worldwide, there are no case reports of M. mucogenicum and Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection. Case Presentation: A 32-year-old non-smoking male was diagnosed with congenital atrial septal defect and pulmonary arterial hypertension. After cardiac surgery, lung infections were observed in the patient and then rapidly developed acute respiratory distress syndrome. The cefoperazone-sulbactam, vancomycin, ceftazidime, carbapenem, tigecycline, and micafungin were used for the treatment of pulmonary infection but did not work well. Ultimately, M. mucogenicum and K. pneumoniae were identified as pathogens by using next-generation sequencing. The patient was treated successfully with the administration of clarithromycin, linezolid, tigecycline, and ceftazidime-avibactam. The clinical outcome of this patient was favorable without relapse of infection. Conclusions: This case demonstrates that M. mucogenicum pulmonary infection may result in severe outcomes. The next-generation sequencing technology is important for the identification of M. mucogenicum. Additionally, the clinicians and clinical pharmacists should remain awareness in dealing with M. mucogenicum infection to avoid delaying appropriate treatment.
Strategic trade policy with interlocking cross-ownership
Authors: Fanti Luciano , Buccella Domenico
Published: May 2021

By analysing interlocking cross-ownership, this work reconsiders the inefficiency of activist governments that set subsidies for their exporters (Brander and Spencer, J Int Econ 18:83–100). Making use of a third-market Cournot duopoly model, we show that the implementation of strategic trade policy in the form of a tax (subsidy) when goods are differentiated (complements) is Pareto-superior to free trade within precise ranges of firms’ cross-ownership, richly depending on the degree of product competition. These results challenge the conventional ones in which public intervention (1) is always the provision of a subsidy and (2) always leads to a Pareto-inferior (resp. Pareto-superior) equilibrium when products are substitutes (resp. complements).
Proximity of the middle meningeal artery and maxillary artery to the mandibular head and mandibular neck as revealed by three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Schönegg Daphne , Ferrari Raphael , Ebner Julian , Blumer Michael , Lanzer Martin , Gander Thomas
Published: May 2021

Purpose

The close topographic relationship between vascular and osseous structures in the condylar and subcondylar region and marked variability in the arterial course has been revealed by both imaging and cadaveric studies. This study aimed to verify the previously published information in a large sample and to determine a safe surgical region.

Methods

We analyzed the three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography images of 300 individuals.

Results

The mean distance between the middle meningeal artery and the apex of the condyle or the most medial point of the condyle was 18.8 mm (range: 11.2–25.9 mm) or 14.5 mm (range: 8.8–22.9 mm) respectively. The course of the maxillary artery relative to the lateral pterygoid muscle was medial in 45.7% of cases and lateral in 54.3%. An asymmetric course was evident in 66 patients (22%). The mean distance between the maxillary artery and condylar process at the deepest point of the mandibular notch was 6.2 mm in sides exhibiting a medial course (range: 3.7–9.8 mm) and 6.6 mm in sides exhibiting a lateral course (range: 3.9–10.4 mm). The distances were significantly influenced by age, gender, and the course of the maxillary artery.

Conclusion

Our study emphasizes the marked inter- and intra-individual variability of the maxillary and middle meningeal arterial courses. We confirmed the proximity of the arteries to the condylar process. Extensive surgical experience and thorough preparation for each individual case are essential to prevent iatrogenic vascular injury.
Food Prices, Ethics and Forms of Speculation
Authors: Bredin Don , Potì Valerio , Salvador Enrique
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the role of speculative motives in the determination of commodity prices and specifically food related commodity prices. The motivation for this study is the considerable flow of funds into commodities, the widespread view that the process of financialization has led to greater levels of speculation and that speculation is the primary cause of regular spikes in food prices since the turn of the century. We consider two forms of short-term trading, a biasing influence (Manipulators) and a correcting influence (Speculators), relative to the fundamental price. While both forms of short-term trading are relevant, they are small in terms of their influence on overall prices. We do however find some evidence of an increased role being played by Manipulators during the period most associated with financialization.
Feasibility study of earthquake early warning in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Enferadi S. , Shomali Z. H. , Niksejel A.
Published: May 2021

In this study, we examine the scientific feasibility of an Earthquake Early Warning System in Tehran, Iran, by the integration of the Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO) accelerometric network and the PRobabilistic and Evolutionary early warning SysTem (PRESTo). To evaluate the performance of the TDMMO-PRESTo system in providing the reliable estimations of earthquake parameters and the available lead-times for The Metropolis of Tehran, two different approaches were analyzed in this work. The first approach was assessed by applying the PRESTo algorithms on waveforms from 11 moderate instrumental earthquakes that occurred in the vicinity of Tehran during the period 2009–2020. Moreover, we conducted a simulation analysis using synthetic waveforms of 10 large historical earthquakes that occurred in the vicinity of Tehran. We demonstrated that the six worst-case earthquake scenarios can be considered for The Metropolis of Tehran, which are mostly related to the historical and instrumental events that occurred in the southern, eastern, and western parts of Tehran. Our results indicate that the TDMMO-PRESTo system could provide reliable and sufficient lead-times of about 1 to 15s and maximum lead-times of about 20s for civil protection purposes in The Metropolis of Tehran.
Beowulf 501b and the authority of Old English poetical manuscripts
Authors: Pascual Rafael J.
Published: May 2021

In hisOld English grammar, A. Campbell put forward his theory of Old English accentuation, according to which disyllabic words likeBēowulfandǣniġreceive a half-stress only if made trisyllabic by the addition of an inflection (as inBēowulfesorǣniġra), provided the middle syllable is heavy. A. J. Bliss tacitly rejected Campbell’s analysis when he postulated the existence of metrical type 3B2, a rare rhythmical pattern in which trisyllabic forms likeBēowulfesandǣniġramust exceptionally be assumed to lose their otherwise conventional half-stress. Bliss based his analysis on the evidence afforded by four readings from the text ofBeowulf: ll. 501b, 932b, 949b, and 1830b. Even though Bliss expressed reservations about his own analysis, he still preferred it to the alternative possibility of emending these four exceptional verses (a possibility that he did not even consider in his book). Non-metrical arguments in support of the emendation of at least one of these verses (1830b), however, had been advanced well beforeThe metre of Beowulfwas first published. Since then, ll. 932b and 949b have also been emended on grounds other than metre. This article offers new linguistic reasons for the emendation of l. 501b, the one remaining reading for which no alternative explanation had yet been proposed. It concludes that Bliss was unnecessarily cautious in his treatment of these four aberrant verses, and that, as Kenneth Sisam memorably stated in 1946, conjectural emendation is, and still remains, a useful tool for the study of Old English poetical manuscripts.
Proteome Analysis of PC12 Cells Reveals Alterations in Translation Regulation and Actin Signaling Induced by Clozapine
Authors: Jankowska Urszula , Skupien-Rabian Bozena , Swiderska Bianka , Prus Gabriela , Dziedzicka-Wasylewska Marta , Kedracka-Krok Sylwia
Published: May 2021

Although antipsychotics are routinely used in the treatment of schizophrenia for the last decades, their precise mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, we investigated changes in the PC12 cells’ proteome under the influence of clozapine, risperidone, and haloperidol to identify protein pathways regulated by antipsychotics. Analysis of the protein profiles in two time points: after 12 and 24 h of incubation with drugs revealed significant alterations in 510 proteins. Further canonical pathway analysis revealed an inhibition of ciliary trophic factor signaling after treatment with haloperidol and showed a decrease in acute phase response signaling in the risperidone group. Interestingly, all tested drugs have caused changes in PC12 proteome which correspond to inhibition of cytokines: tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). We also found that the 12-h incubation with clozapine caused up-regulation of protein kinase A signaling and translation machinery. After 24 h of treatment with clozapine, the inhibition of the actin cytoskeleton signaling and Rho proteins signaling was revealed. The obtained results suggest that the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and 2 (mTORC2) play a central role in the signal transduction of clozapine.
Open access uptake in Germany 2010–2018: adoption in a diverse research landscape
Authors: Hobert Anne , Jahn Najko , Mayr Philipp , Schmidt Birgit , Taubert Niels
Published: May 2021

This study investigates the development of open access (OA) to journal articles from authors affiliated with German universities and non-university research institutions in the period 2010–2018. Beyond determining the overall share of openly available articles, a systematic classification of distinct categories of OA publishing allowed us to identify different patterns of adoption of OA. Taking into account the particularities of the German research landscape, variations in terms of productivity, OA uptake and approaches to OA are examined at the meso-level and possible explanations are discussed. The development of the OA uptake is analysed for the different research sectors in Germany (universities, non-university research institutes of the Helmholtz Association, Fraunhofer Society, Max Planck Society, Leibniz Association, and government research agencies). Combining several data sources (incl. Web of Science, Unpaywall, an authority file of standardised German affiliation information, the ISSN-Gold-OA 3.0 list, and OpenDOAR), the study confirms the growth of the OA share mirroring the international trend reported in related studies. We found that 45% of all considered articles during the observed period were openly available at the time of analysis. Our findings show that subject-specific repositories are the most prevalent type of OA. However, the percentages for publication in fully OA journals and OA via institutional repositories show similarly steep increases. Enabling data-driven decision-making regarding the implementation of OA in Germany at the institutional level, the results of this study furthermore can serve as a baseline to assess the impact recent transformative agreements with major publishers will likely have on scholarly communication.
A deep learning approach for identifying biomedical breakthrough discoveries using context analysis
Authors: Wang Xue , Yang Xuemei , Du Jian , Wang Xuwen , Li Jiao , Tang Xiaoli
Published: May 2021

Breakthrough research in scientific fields usually comes as a manifestation of major development and advancement. These advances build to an epiphany where new ways of thinking about a problem become possible. Identifying breakthrough research can be useful for cultivating and funding further innovation. This article presents a new method for identifying scientific breakthroughs from research papers based on cue words commonly associated with major advancements. We looked for specific terms signifying scientific breakthroughs in citing sentences to identify breakthrough articles. By setting a threshold for the number of citing sentences (“citances”) with breakthrough cue words that peer scholars often use when evaluating research, we identified articles containing breakthrough research. We call this approach the “others-evaluation” process. We then shortlisted candidates from the selected articles based on the authors’ evaluations of their own research, found in the abstracts. This we call the “self-evaluation” process. Combining the two approaches into a dual “others-self” evaluation process, we arrived at a sample of 237 potential breakthrough articles, most of which are recommended by the Faculty Opinions. Based on the breakthrough articles identified, using SVM, TextCNN, and BERT to train the models to identify abstracts with breakthrough evaluations. This automatic identification model can greatly simplify the process of others-self-evaluation process and promote identifying breakthrough research.
A bibliometric methodology to unveil territorial inequities in the scientific wealth to combat COVID-19
Authors: Abramo Giovanni , D’Angelo Ciriaco Andrea
Published: May 2021

In this paper we develop a methodology to assess the scientific wealth of territories at field level. Our methodology uses a bibliometric approach based on the observation of academic research performance and overall scientific production in each territory. We apply it to assess disparities in the Italian territories in the medical specialties at the front line of the COVID-19 emergency. Italy has been the first among western countries to be severely affected by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study reveals remarkable inequities across territories, with scientific weaknesses concentrated in the south. Policies for rebalancing the north–south divide should also consider, in addition to tangible assets, the gap in production and availability of quality medical knowledge.
Social Enterprise and Self-rated Health Among Low-Income Individuals in South Korea: A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Jung Hyejin , Woo Changbin
Published: May 2021

Previous studies have shown that social enterprises can improve the health conditions of socially disadvantaged people through qualitative approaches. As income-related health inequality has grown, the role of social enterprises in addressing this issue has become more significant. This study examined whether social enterprises could positively affect the self-rated health of South Korean low-income residents using multilevel models. The results showed that government-certified social enterprises were associated with positive self-rated health among low-income residents. On the other hand, preliminary social enterprises with insufficient profitability and weak corporate governance showed mixed results. Based on the empirical results, this study suggests relevant policy implications.
Comparing the effectiveness of augmented reality-based and conventional instructions during single ECMO cannulation training
Authors: Wolf Julian , Wolfer Viviane , Halbe Maximilian , Maisano Francesco , Lohmeyer Quentin , Meboldt Mirko
Published: May 2021

Purpose

Effective training of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation is key to fighting the persistently high mortality rate of ECMO interventions. Though augmented reality (AR) is a promising technology for improving information display, only a small percentage of AR projects have addressed training procedures. The present study investigates the potential benefits of AR-based, contextual instructions for ECMO cannulation training as compared to instructions used during conventional training at a university hospital.

Methodology

An AR step-by-step guide was developed for the Microsoft HoloLens 2 that combines text, images, and videos from the conventional training program with simple 3D models. A study was conducted with 21 medical students performing two surgical procedures on a simulator. Participants were divided into two groups, with one group using the conventional instructions for the first procedure and AR instructions for the second and the other group using instructions in reverse order. Training times, a detailed error protocol, and a standardized user experience questionnaire (UEQ) were evaluated.

Results

AR-based execution was associated with slightly higher training times and with significantly fewer errors for the more complex second procedure ($$p<0.05$$p<0.05, Mann–WhitneyU). These differences in errors were most present for knowledge-related errors, resulting in a 66% reduction in the number of errors. AR instructions also led to significantly better ratings on 5 out of the 6 scales used in the UEQ, pointing to higher perceived clarify of information, information acquisition speed, and stimulation.

Conclusion

The results extend previous research on AR instructions to ECMO cannulation training, indicating its high potential to improve training outcomes as a result of better information acquisition by participants during task execution. Future work should investigate how better performance in a single training session relates to better performance in the long run.
Health Care Equity in the Use of Advanced Analytics and Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Primary Care
Authors: Clark Cheryl R. , Wilkins Consuelo Hopkins , Rodriguez Jorge A. , Preininger Anita M. , Harris Joyce , DesAutels Spencer , Karunakaram Hema , Rhee Kyu , Bates David W. , Dankwa-Mullan Irene
Published: May 2021

The integration of advanced analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into the practice of medicine holds much promise. Yet, the opportunity to leverage these tools carries with it an equal responsibility to ensure that principles of equity are incorporated into their implementation and use. Without such efforts, tools will potentially reflect the myriad of ways in which data, algorithmic, and analytic biases can be produced, with the potential to widen inequities by race, ethnicity, gender, and other sociodemographic factors implicated in disparate health outcomes. We propose a set of strategic assertions to examine before, during, and after adoption of these technologies in order to facilitate healthcare equity across all patient population groups. The purpose is to enable generalists to promote engagement with technology companies and co-create, promote, or support innovation and insights that can potentially inform decision-making and health care equity.
Robot Navigation Based on Predicting of Human Interaction and its Reproducible Evaluation in a Densely Crowded Environment
Authors: Kobayashi Yuichi , Sugimoto Takeshi , Tanaka Kazuhito , Shimomura Yuki , Arjonilla Garcia Francisco J. , Kim Chyon Hae , Yabushita Hidenori , Toda Takahiro
Published: May 2021

To achieve robot navigation in crowded environments having high densities of moving people, it is insufficient to simply consider humans as moving obstacles and avoid collisions with them. That is, the impact of an approaching robot on human movements must be considered as well. Moreover, various navigation methods have been tested in their own environments in the literature, which made them difficult to compare with one another. Thus, we propose an autonomous robot navigation method in densely crowded environments for data-based predictions of robot-human interactions, together with a reproducible experimental test under controlled conditions. Based on localized positional relationships with humans, this method extracts multiple alternative paths, which can implement either following or avoidance, and selects an optimal path based on time efficiency. Each path is selected using neural networks, and the various paths are evaluated by predicting the position after a given amount of time has elapsed. These positions are then used to calculate the time required to reach a certain target position to ensure that the optimal path can be determined. We trained the predictor using simulated data and conducted experiments using an actual mobile robot in an environment where humans were walking around. Using our proposed method, collisions were avoided more effectively than when conventional navigation methods were used, and navigation was achieved with good time efficiency, resulting in an overall reduction in interference with humans. Thus, the proposed method enables an effective navigation in a densely crowded environment, while collecting human-interaction experience for further improvement of its performance in the future.
Marble decay: towards a measure of marble degradation based on ultrasonic wave velocities and thermal expansion data
Authors: Siegesmund Siegfried , Menningen Johanna , Shushakova Victoria
Published: May 2021

Marble as ornamental and dimensional stones as well as in their natural environments show complex weathering phenomena. Physical, chemical, and biological weathering of marble are well documented. The impact of climate change on monuments and historic buildings in terms of modeling and predicting future scenarios requires new approaches to forecast the ongoing decay in the near and far future. Ultrasonic wave velocities are a powerful and sensitive tool for the damage assessment of marble. For a maximum porosity of up to 1%, ultrasonic wave velocities (P-wave velocities) are ranging between 1 km/s and over 6 km/s. Water saturation has an important influence on the magnitude and directional dependence of ultrasonic wave velocities together with the mineralogical composition and the rock fabrics. Ongoing experimental alteration approaches were used to document the state of deterioration using Vp-systematics. In addition, thermal expansion and the residual strain values after applying thermal impacts were used to introduce a new quantitative measure based on experimental length changes and volume changes. To quantify such volume changes, a so-called decay index was proposed. Marbles are sensitive to weathering and have different volume changes under exposure depending on fabric parameters. The volume extension index of marble, based on thermal expansion measurements under dry and water-saturated conditions, is proposed as a decay index for quantifying sample stability and for defining the directions of maximum and minimal dilatation. Such decay index was implemented to different marble types and it was turned out that marbles with the larger decay indexes are more prone to weathering than with smaller ones. The effect of changing climate and, in consequence, different weathering actions can help to calculate or forecast risk numbers based on the Vp data in combination with the proposed decay index especially for marbles.
Zero-Inflated Models for Count Data: An Application to Number of Antenatal Care Service Visits
Authors: Bekalo Daniel Biftu , Kebede Dufera Tejjeba
Published: May 2021

The risk of maternal death in developing countries is projected to be one in 61, while for developed countries it is estimated to be one in 2800. Antenatal care is a protective obstetric health care system aimed at improving the outcome of the pregnant fetus by routine pregnancy monitoring. One of the most important functions of antenatal care is to offer health information and services that can significantly improve the health of women and their infants. 6450 pregnant women from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey of 2016 were used to analyze the determinants of the barriers in number of antenatal care service visits among pregnant women in Ethiopia. The data were found to have excess zeros (35%); thus several count data models such as Poisson, Negative Binomial, Zero Inflated Poisson, Zero Inflated Negative Binomial and Hurdle regression models were modeled and fitted. From the exploratory analysis the results showed that among those eligible pregnant women, it was seen that 2240 (34.7%) of them did not visit antenatal care service during their periods of pregnancy months. The visualization of data using scatter plot depicts that all of the variables selected for modeling have an influence on the event of not visiting antenatal care cervices while each of these variables had opposite slope in non-zero number of such events in their respective categories. To select the model which best fits the data, models were compared based on their Akaike information criterion value by using the simulation study. The simulation experiment revealed that models for zero-inflated data such as; Zero Inflated Poisson, Zero Inflated Negative Binomial and Hurdle were models that fitted the data better than the classical models Poisson and Negative Binomial. Each of these zero-inflated models was compared using Voung test and Hurdle model was better fitted the data which was characterized by excess zeros and high variability in the non-zero outcome than any other zero-inflated models. In this study, maternal education, partner education level, age of mothers, religion of mothers and wealth index are major predictors of antenatal care service utilization. Through simulation experiment, it was found that Zero Inflated Poisson, Zero Inflated Negative Binomial and Hurdle models were better fitted zero-inflated data than Poisson and Negative Binomial. Voung test suggests that Hurdle model was better fitted zero-inflated (ZI) data than any other zero inflated models and therefore, it was selected as the best parsimonious model.
Photoinduced topographical surface changes and photoresponse of the crystals of 7-methoxycoumarin
Authors: Yano Kanae , Nishimura Ryo , Hattori Yohei , Morimoto Masakazu , Sugiyama Haruki , Kamitanaka Takashi , Yokojima Satoshi , Nakamura Shinichio , Uchida Kingo
Published: May 2021

Photoinduced topographical changes, bending, and photosalient effect due to the dimerization reaction were observed on a single crystal of 7-methoxycoumarin, upon deep UV (254 nm) light irradiation.
Endometriosis and Its Myriad Presentations: Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Pictorial Review
Authors: Sud Seema , Buxi Tarvinder Bir Singh , Sheth Swapnil , Ghuman Samarjit Singh
Published: May 2021

Endometriosis is a major cause of infertility and pain in females in the reproductive age group. It is a result of ectopic functional endometrial cells outside the uterus. It consists of a spectrum of findings from superficial to deep implants initiating a fibrotic response and resulting in adhesions. Diagnosis of endometriosis is based on clinical history, noninvasive and invasive techniques. The final diagnosis is based on laparoscopy with histopathological confirmation. Ultrasonography is the first line of investigation, followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in complex cases. MRI is a noninvasive, multiplanar technique that involves no radiation and provides excellent delineation of the disease process. As deep endometriosis has a similar low signal to adjacent normal organs, it can be easily overlooked by radiologists. They should be aware of the spectrum of diseases so as to provide a roadmap for the surgeons. A structured reporting system helps radiologists organize and standardize their reports.
Computed Tomography Findings in Intraabdominal Hypertension in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Kamat Rohan , Samanta Jayanta , Mandavdhare Harshal , Sharma Vishal , Sinha Saroj Kant , Dutta Usha , Kochhar Rakesh
Published: May 2021

Purpose Intraabdominal hypertension (IAH) in acute pancreatitis (AP) may reduce tissue perfusion and impair organ function and has been shown to portend poor prognosis. We investigated the computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with AP with IAH.

Methods This retrospective study comprised of consecutive patients with AP from June 2016 to June 2018 in whom intraabdominal pressure (IAP) was measured. The patients who underwent a contrast-enhanced CT within 7 days of IAP measurement were included. Using a cutoff of 12 mm Hg for IAP, the patients were divided into IAH and non-IAH groups. Measures of severity and clinical outcome were evaluated. CT parameters were compared between the groups.

Results The IAH group comprised of 41 patients, while there were 20 patients in the non-IAH group. The IAH group was characterized by severe disease, increased incidence of organ failure, increased requirement for drainage and surgery, prolonged hospital and intensive care unit stay. The mortality was not significantly different between the two groups. On univariate analysis, the CT features that were found to be significantly different between the two groups were the presence of collection (p = 0.036), the maximum dimension of collection (p = 0.004), volume of collection (p = 0.019), biliary dilatation (p = 0.011), and the presence of moderate-to-severe pleural effusion (p = 0.009). On multivariate analysis, all these parameters except biliary dilatation were found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion CT findings in patients with AP may suggest IAH. This can be used as an additional marker for severity of AP.
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluation of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ingole Sarang M. , Mehta Rajeev U. , Kazi Zubair N. , Bhuyar Rutuja V.
Published: May 2021

Aim In this prospective study, we evaluate the role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) in the assessment of clinically significant prostate cancer at 1.5 T without endorectal coil (ERC).

Materials and Methods Forty-five men with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer (prostate-specific antigen [PSA] level > 4 ng/mL, hard prostate on digital rectal examination, and suspicious area at transrectal ultrasound [TRUS]) were evaluated using the mp-MRI protocol over a period of 24 months. All cases were interpreted using the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2 guidelines and correlated with histopathology.

Statistical Analysis Used A chi-squared test was used for analysis of nominal/categorical variables and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test for continuous variables.

Results The mean age was 67 years and the mean PSA was 38.2 ng/mL. Eighty percent had prostate cancer and 20% were benign (11% benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH] and 9% chronic prostatitis). Eighty-six percent of all malignancies were in the peripheral zone. The PI-RADS score for T2-weighted (T2W) imaging showed good sensitivity (81%) but low specificity (67%). The PI-RADS score for diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) with sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 78% had a better accuracy overall than T2W imaging alone. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value (×10–6 mm2/s) was 732 ± 160 in prostate cancer, 1,009 ± 161 in chronic prostatitis, 1,142 ± 82 in BPH, and 663 in a single case of granulomatous prostatitis. Low ADC values (<936) have shown good correlation (area under curve [AUC]: 0.87) with the presence of cancer foci. Inverse correlation was observed between Gleason scores and ADC values. Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging has shown 100% sensitivity/negative predictive value (NPV), but moderate specificity (67%) in predicting malignancy. The final PI-RADS score had 100% sensitivity and NPV with good overall positive predictive value (PPV) of 95%.

Conclusions T2W imaging and DWI remain the mainstays in diagnosis of prostate cancer with mp-MRI. DCE-MRI can be a problem-solving tool in case of equivocal findings. Because assessment with mp-MRI can be subjective, use of the newly developed PI-RADS version 2 scoring system is helpful in accurate interpretation.
Role of Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Orbital Masses
Authors: Mundhada Preeti , Rawat Sudarshan , Acharya Ullas , Raje Dhananjay
Published: May 2021

Aim To determine the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in differentiating benign and malignant orbital masses.

Materials and Methods After obtaining institutional ethical board approval and informed consent from all patients, an observational study was done for a period of 24 months in the radiology department of a tertiary care hospital in South India. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging and DWI using a 3T scanner was done for all patients with suspected orbital mass lesion. ADC value and clinicohistopathological correlation were studied for every patient. Chi-square test was used to compare the signal characteristics of DWI and ADC maps between benign and malignant lesions. A comparison of mean ADC values for benign and malignant masses was performed using Student’s t-test for independent samples. The cut-off value for ADC was obtained using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results Of 44 patients with orbital lesions, 70% were benign and 30% were malignant. There was a significant difference in the mean ADC values of benign and malignant orbital masses. Using ROC curve analysis, an optimal ADC threshold of 1.26 × 10−3 mm2/s was calculated for the prediction of malignancy with 100% sensitivity, 80.65% specificity, and 86.36% accuracy (95% confidence interval: 0.872, 1.00, p < 0.0001). Two ADC thresholds were used to characterize the orbital masses with more than 90% confidence.

Conclusion Quantitative assessment of ADC is a useful noninvasive diagnostic tool for differentiating benign and malignant orbital masses. Malignant orbital lesions demonstrate significantly lower ADC values as compared with benign lesions.
Nopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus).
Authors: Vélez-Gavilán Jeanine
Published: May 2021

Nopalea cochenillifera is a shrub or tree species reported as native to Mexico, but known from cultivation for centuries. It was introduced into tropical and subtropical areas after the Spanish colonisation of Mexico, to raise cochineal insects to produce red dyes commercially. Although this industry declined with the introduction of synthetic dyes, the species is still used for this purpose at a smaller scale. N. cochenillifera is now mainly used as an ornamental, a fodder/forage species and a vegetable. It is reported as a potential noxious weed due to its ease of reproducing vegetatively through plant fragments. It is reported as invasive in Hawaii (USA), Cuba, Guatemala and French Polynesia. However, no details about its impacts on other species or habitats have been recorded.
Claviceps africana (ergot).
Authors:   USA, USDA-ARS
Published: May 2021

C. africana is the ergot pathogen of Sorghum bicolor, now found in most sorghum-producing areas of the world. It is primarily a problem for hybrid seed production, but epidemics on local varieties have occurred (Pazoutová and Frederickson, 2005). Large numbers of secondary conidia produced on infected panicles become airborne and are presumed to be the means by which the fungus has spread rapidly across continents in recent years. The fungus may also be carried in the form of sclerotia and/or sphacelia among harvested seed, and this may be the means of spread between continents, but the seed lots can be cleaned or treated with fungicides. Alternative hosts are predominantly wild and weedy Sorghum spp., but some wild grasses can become infected; any of these might provide a reservoir between planting seasons or a bridge between regions.
Haplodiplosis marginata (saddle gall midge).
Authors: Skuhravá Marcela , Skuhravý Václav
Published: May 2021

H. marginata is a European species, which occupies a large area from western and north-western Europe to the coast of the Black Sea. It is polyphagous, developing on various cereals (Hordeum, Secale, Triticum) and grasses, mainly Elymus repens. It is a minor pest of cereals, mainly wheat and barley in northern Europe, but a major pest of cereals in central Europe (Wetzel et al., 1984; Skuhravý et al., 1993; Darvas et al., 2000). The larvae cause saddle-shaped galls on the stems of host plants. The galls are hidden under the leaf sheaths and damage may only be discovered when the attacked stems are broken by strong wind. In fields where wheat and barley are planted in the same field without crop rotation, the population of H. marginata can increase very rapidly to an outbreak, which will result in loss of yield. The main reasons for the recent rapid growth of H. marginata populations are the intensification of plant production, planting cereal crops without rotation and the selection of highly productive cereal varieties which do not have natural resistance against the pest (Skuhravá et al., 1984; Skuhravý et al., 1993). H. marginata is native to Europe. It is not included in any alert lists.