bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Salivary Duct Carcinoma arising from pre-existing Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the parotid gland: Another rare example with Cytological Correlation
Authors: Hiroshi Harada  , Mizue Sato  , Michiko Ehara  , Akihiko Kawahara  , Tetsuya Koyam  , Yusuke Miyamoto  , Seiya Kato  , Akira Kurose
Published: February 2021

An extremely exceptional case of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) arising from pre-existing epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) of the parotid gland is herein described. The patient was a 50-year-old Japanese female, who presented with an asymptomatic mass of the right parotid gland that had been present for approximately 7 years. A superficial lobectomy of the parotid gland was performed and there have been no symptoms of recurrence or distant metastasis during over 10-year follow-up period. Histologically, the tumor was composed of an EMC component having double-layered ducts and invasive nests of myoepithelial clear cells with an SDC component intermingled throughout the lesion, which consisted of eosinophilic pleomorphic cells. Nests of the SDC component were occasionally accompanied by small luminal structures and minimally focalized comedo necrosis, and were immunoreactive for androgen receptor and GCDFP15. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed moderate cellularity, a few three-dimensional or sheet-like clusters, and single dispersed cells with abundant granular cytoplasm in the background. Furthermore, hyperchromatic small or flattened cells were identified attaching to the periphery of the clusters in retrospective observation. Metachromasia was also seen in May-Grunwald Giemsa stain.

Keywords: Salivary duct carcinoma; Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma; Parotid gland; Dedifferentiation; High-grade transformation; Fine needle aspiration cytology
Entre o concreto e o abstrato: em defesa de um método na obra filosófica de J.-J. Rousseau
Authors: Ferreira Junior Marcelo
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo tecer considerações sobre questões de métodos de in­vestigação do conhecimento humano, apresentadas nas reflexões filosóficas de Jean-Jacques Rous­seau, tanto em textos de cunho antropológico quanto do ponto de vista moral e político. Segundo o autor, haveria uma insuficiência metodológica em qualquer tentativa de conceber a natureza humana ao se refletir apenas sobre os fatos que visam o homem tal como ele aparenta ser na sociedade. Dessa constatação far-se-ia forçoso reconhecer que a natureza humana não pode ser conhecida apenas através de observação e de experiência, mas que se deve apreendê-la também, complementarmente, através de uma “experiência do pensamento”. Assim sendo, estaria justifica­da a pretensão de imaginar um estado de natureza originário e sua razão de ser enquanto método de investigação.
MENGGAGAS DESA WISATA PLUNTURAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI KABUPATEN PONOROGO JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Puspaningtyas Anggraeny , Pramesti Tri , Lady Rara P. Ingesti , Octaviani Mita
Published: February 2021

Plunturan is one of villages in Ponorogo, East Java Province. The prime product of Plunturan Village is a cultural heritage that is still maintained by the local village community. The various cultural products are Reyog (Reyog Anak, Reyog Perempuan dan Reyog Taruna); Gajah-Gajahan; Jathilan; Ganongan; Tledekan; Karawitan; Wayang Kulit; Coke’an; Metik Desa; Metri Desa; Metri Tandur; Campursari; and Sego Angkruk. Artists come from across generations, passed down through village elders and art groups. Artists today do not consider the potential of art in their village as their main source of income. They have other livelihoods such as farmers, traders, civil servants, government officials, teachers, health workers, private employees. This condition causes a lack of initiative from artists to attract tourists from outside the region. The role of stakeholders in Plunturan Village is very important in developing cultural tourism. The Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) which is the driving force for cultural tourism development activities must develop a strategy to make Plunturan a tourism village. Therefore, this service uses a SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and treath) to find out what strategies should be taken to initiate Plunturan Tourism Village based on local wisdom. So that culture-based development is not only aimed at improving culture, but also in carrying out development it is necessary to base on the culture that is owned, especially regarding value systems, attitudes and customs.
Políticas públicas de inovação no contexto do Ensino Superior de Angola
Authors: Daniel Niembo Maria , Valentim Marta Ligia Pomim , Silva Elaine Da , Woida Luana Maia
Published: February 2021

O panoramada inovação em nível nacional tem mostrado melhorias, contudo há um déficit significativo no que tange a investigação em Ciência e Tecnologia, consequência do baixo investimento governamental. Nessa perspectiva, destacam-sea necessidade de se incrementar ainvestigação e o desenvolvimento, promover a interação entre universidades, instituições de investigação e empresas, como uma maneirade disseminar o conhecimentopara a geração da inovação. Objetivou-se analisar as políticas de inovação voltadas às instituições de ensino superior públicas de Angola, visando verificar quais as políticas públicas que incentivam a inovação nesse contextoe como são aplicadas. Em relação aos procedimentos metodológicos, trata-se de uma abordagem qualitativa, do tipo descritivo-exploratório e documental. Os resultados indicam que o Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento 2013-2022, salvaguarda os objetivos e as metas que o Governo Angolano quer alcançarno referido período, no que concerne à Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, perpassando desde a qualificação de docentes e  investigadores científicos, bem como a implantação de novas unidades de investigação e desenvolvimento no País.
OS DESAFIOS DOS ESTUDANTES NA ADAPTAÇÃO A NOVOS COMPORTAMENTOS NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: Universidade 11 de Novembro. 2017/2018
Authors: Nobre Maria Augusta César Gomes , Rodrigues Maely Ramirez , Pemba Josefina Massiala , Dos Santos Ana Paula Sarmento
Published: February 2021

O desafio da adaptação a novos comportamentos, no ensino superior revela-se por um conjunto de fatores, ocorridos em paralelo com a falta de informação inicial sobre os componentes do curso; objetivo geral: Analisar os desafios vivenciados pelos estudantes na adaptação a novos comportamentos no ensino superior. Apoiando-se na metodologia: estudo de caso: exploratório, descritivo, com aplicação do questionário da escala de Likert, os dados foram tratados com o programa de SPSS tendo um resultado de nível de confiança de 95% com relação a dimensão sobre os fatores ou as causas que contribuem para o sucesso escolar e o grau de influência se apreciou sete relações de dependência, dado ao interesse dos estudantes nos assuntos que contribui para o sucesso académico assim como: as exigências, competências e responsabilidades exigidas na adaptação aos novos comportamentos. Concluindo-se que adaptação a novos comportamentos é uma situação que requer, mudanças nos padrões de comportamento.
APLIKASI MOBILE KOMUNITAS GERAKAN BANTU SERIBU ANAK ASUH (GBSA) DENGAN CLIENT SERVER BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Mauluddin Amras , Yufikar Uray
Published: February 2021

Currently education and poverty is a problem as it gives an enormous impact on people's lives. As we can see, the number of school dropouts has increased every day. Seeing this condition, Gerakan Bantu Seribu Anak Asuh (GBSA)  is present to participate to help children who are less fortunate, to be able to stay in school. Gerakan Bantu Seribu Anak Asuh (GBSA) is a social community that bridges donors and children who are less fortunate to get help. In reality this donation management faced several obstacles both in terms of data management to the confirmation process donations made by donors each donating.

Therefore, by presenting the android-based mobile applications is expected to be a solution to help officers GBSA share information and manage the donations were mandated as well as for donors could further facilitate the process of sharing and confirmation. Applications software development methods that will be used the method of Rapid Application Development (RAD). This method is one method used to develop apalikasi android with short cycles thereby enabling much faster.

After testing with a method black box can be concluded that the system is in conformity with the expected goals.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI ANDROID AUGMENTED REALITY MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DO’A SEHARI-HARI
Authors: Arthana Yudhi W. , Ismail Asep Nurman
Published: February 2021

Dalam proses pembelajaran do’a sehari-hari, pada umumnya para guru menerapkan metode membaca berulang-ulang melalui media cetak sebagai sarana pembelajaran yang kemudian dihafalkan oleh para peserta didik. Sehingga tidak menutup kemungkinan jika metode tersebut dapat menimbulkan kebosanan terhadap peserta didik yang pada umumnya merupakan golongan anak-anak, mengingat saat ini perkembangan teknologi telah mempengaruhi perilaku dan gaya belajar dari para peserta didik. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya inovasi dalam proses pembelajaran do’a sehari-hari yang efektif dan menarik yaitu dengan menggunakan teknologi augmented reality.

Teknologi augmented reality merupakan teknologi yang menggabungkan objek dua dan tiga dimensi kedalam suatu lingkungan nyata tiga dimensi lalu memproyeksikannya secara real-time. Metode yang digunakan untuk membangun aplikasi ini adalah metode pengembangan perangkat lunak model waterfall. Aplikasi ini mampu menampilkan suara dan animasi  tiga dimensi dengan bantuan marker yang diintegrasikan dengan augmented reality yang diharapkan akan mampu membuat para peserta didik menjadi lebih tertarik dalam mempelajari do’a sehari-hari.
MECHANISMS AND FEATURES OF IMMUNE STATUS AND "OXIDATIVE STRESS - ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION" SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Hrek I. I. , Kochuieva Maryna Mykolayivna
Published: February 2021

The study of the human immune system state in infection with M. tuberculosis is relevant because the course and outcome of this disease are largely determined by the immune status of the patient. However, 98 % of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis have an immune imbalance. It is known that in the protection against tuberculosis an important role belongs to the body's natural resistance, which is provided by a variety of cellular and humoral factors, physicochemical characteristics of tissues, lymphoid cells, leukocyte and macrophage responses and genetic resistance. When mycobacteria enter the body, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, monocytes and macrophages are the main phagocytic cells. Optimally high level of resistance to the pathogen develops only in the coordinated interaction of T−lymphocytes with macrophages. Studies of cellular immunity and genetic markers have shown that the course of tuberculosis infection is associated with suppression of their functional activity. Immune response deregulation is closely related to oxidative stress, which results from an imbalance between free reactive oxygen species and antioxidant mechanisms, with a higher risk of developing it rather in lungs than other organs. Many studies have presented the results of studying the state of the immune system and the "oxidative stress − antioxidant protection" system in tuberculosis. This is an important component, because the clinical course and outcome of treatment is largely determined by the status of these systems. A number of experts point out that the study of immunological and oxidative parameters in tuberculosis is of a great importance for deciding on the tactics of treatment and the choice of direction of influence on the course of the disease.

Key words: M. Tuberculosis, immunity in tuberculosis, oxidative stress, antioxidant protection.
Study of Salivary Matrix to Estimate Ovulation
Authors: Vahanwala Sonal , Miranda Crystal , Rode Shweta , Waghmare Mandavi , Pereira Treville , Pagare Sandeep , Manoj Reema
Published: February 2021

Introduction - The phenomenon of ovulation is a crucial phenomenon in evolution. Many modalities todetect the same have been developed and time tested. Each of them have their advantages and linked withsome shortcomings. This article unravels one more physical property of saliva which is characteristic duringthe menstrual cycle.Aim - To study the salivary matrix in women during the course of menstrual cycle.Materials and method- Early morning salivary smear was obtained from the subjects. They were madeto spit and spread the drop of saliva on slide and fix it using the alcohol spray. Each slide was labeled andassessed under the microscope with 10X magnification. The slides labeled were assessed for ferning on firstday of the menstruation cycle till the beginning of next menstruation cycle.Result - The salivary smear showed varied patterns in salivary matrix during the entire course of menstrualcycle.Conclusion - Ferning assessment is basically a qualitative test of saliva which will be evident aroundovulation. This test can be used to plan pregnancy. It cannot be used to prevent pregnancy. An appropriatereagent or kit needs to be developed in order to identify this unique phenomenon.
Hermeneutic Phenomenology Study: Impact of Risky Sexual Behavior on Psychological Adolescents in the Coastal Areas of Rajik Village, Bangka Belitung Islands in 2019
Authors: Erni Chaerani
Published: February 2021

The problem of sexuality is a complicated problem for adolescents because adolescence is a period where

a person is faced with various challenges and problems that have an impact on adolescent psychology. The

purpose of this study was to explore the impact of risky sexual behavior on adolescents’ psychological

well-being in the Coastal Area of Rajik Village, Simpang Rimba District. The design of this study is

qualitative with a phenomenological hermeneutic approach. The number of participants in this study was

five participants consisting of three teenagers, one counseling guidance teacher, and one teenager who

became pregnant before marriage. Data collection methods in this study are in-depth interviews and field

notes. Data analysis uses hermeneutic approach1. This study received two main categories, namely: (1) risky

sexual behavior; (2) psychological impact. Adolescents who engage in risky sexual behavior are holding

hands, ever hugging, ever kissing, ever touching sensitive body parts, and having sexual intercourse in the

form of intercourse, besides the psychological effects that occur in adolescents are feeling anxious, afraid,

embarrassed and guilty and sin and consider things normal and natural to do. We encourage further research

to develop a reproductive health education module for adolescents.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GROUP INVESTIGATION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Muhsin Muhsin , Munandar T Arif
Published: February 2021

Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan kemampuan yang harus dimiliki siswa. Melalui kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dapat mengorganisasi dan mengkonsolidasi berpikir matematisnya baik secara lisan maupun tulisan, disamping renegosiasi respon antar siswa akan dapat terjadi dalam proses pembelajaran. Pada akhirnya berpikir kritis dapat membawa siswa pada pemahaman yang mendalam tentang konsep matematika yang telah dipelajari. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa yang diajarkan melalui model pembelajaran Group Investigation. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuasi eksperimen dengan desain pre-test post-test control group design. Populasi adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Delima dengan penarikan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, maka terpilih kelas X1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X2 sebagai kelas kontrol. Terpilihnya kedua kelas tersebut karena kedua kelas tersebut mempunyai kemampuan matematika yang sama disamping itu kedua kelas tersebut diajarkan oleh guru matematika yang sama sehingga memudahkan peneliti dalam berkoordinasi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes melalui pretest dan postest. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan SPSS 16.0. Hasil pengolahan data diperoleh bahwa p-value = 0,001, karena p-value 0,05 maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dengan demikian hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah model pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa
PROSES PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH NEGERI 3 LANGSA DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Husna Khairul
Published: February 2021

Peserta didik di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah memasuki tahap operasional konkrit, sehingga memerlukan suatu media untuk dapat menangkap berbagai konsep yang ada. Salah satu mata pelajaran yang terkesan abstrak adalah matematika. Pembelajaran  matematika  memerlukan  benda  konkrit  dan  penjelasan  dari guru. Saat ini kita sedang menghadapi virus yang sangat berbahaya yaitu virus corona. Adanya wabah virus corona ini menjadikan pembelajaran harus serba online, tidak terkecuali  matematika. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan proses belajar matematika selama pandemi virus corona ini berlangsung dan memaparkan dampak dari adanya daring selama pandemi virus corona. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan wawancara dan studi pustaka. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah proses pembelajaran matematika dilakukan secara daring di MIN 3 Langsa dengan metode daring method  yang proses pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan mengarahkan siswa untuk memanfaatkan fasilitas yang ada di rumah dengan baik, membuat konten dengan memanfaatkan barang-barang di sekitar rumah maupun mengerjakan seluruh kegiatan belajar melalui sistem online, di samping itu ada pula yang masih mengharuskan untuk orang tuanya mengambil tugas anaknya ke sekolah. Berbagai dampak dirasakan oleh guru, peserta didik, maupun orang tua selama pembelajaran daring di tengah pandemi ini, ada yang positif maupun yang negatif.
Haemophilia: Its Types and Prevalence in Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Kiran , Irfan Rabeea , Azmat Laraib
Published: February 2021

Background: Haemophilia; classified by the inefficacy of blood to clot appropriately, is a genetic bleeding disorder. As a developing country, Pakistan has limited health resources and very little awareness of hemophilia among its people.

Objectives: This research study is designed to identify the prevalence of the disease and to report the types of haemophilia common in Pakistan in order to propose suitable treatments for the prevention and cure of the disease.

Methodology: A survey questionnaire was designed and executed by the group members. Data was collected from registered Haemophilia Centers in Pakistan. Number of reported cases based on types of haemophilia, age groups, and gender were identified separately.

Results: It was evaluated that Pakistan continues to have a growing number of hemophilia cases at an alarming rate. The research study also showed how there is a lack of affordable and proper health care in the country, due to which several cases go unreported and untreated.

Conclusion: For the containment of this bleeding disorder, time for taking proper action is passing. Proper health care systems should be set up which are accessible to the majority of the population. Awareness programs should be designed and people should be encouraged for regular laboratory tests to prevent late diagnosis.
The Everyday Politics of Decision, Or, Theory in Three Settings
Authors: O’Connor Clare
Published: February 2021

Recounting the influence of Black Bloc, White Riot on her own political and intellectual development, the author calls attention to Thompson’s conception of decision. Although not usually associated with Thompson’s work, this concept is here shown to be fundamental to his analysis of violence. In this article, the implications of Thompson’s decisionism are drawn out by tracing his debt to Walter Benjamin, whose influence further helps to clarify why the lessons of the black bloc are so easily transposed to conditions far removed from the riot. [Article copies available for a fee from The Transformative Studies Institute. E-mail address: journal@transformativestudies.org Website: http://www.transformativestudies.org ©2021 by The Transformative Studies Institute. All rights reserved.] KEYWORDS: Decision, Violence, Walter Benjamin, Wish Image.
Gaussian Process Modeling Fermi-LAT γ-Ray Blazar Variability: A Sample of Blazars with γ-Ray Quasi-periodicities
Authors: Yang Shenbang , Yan Dahai , Zhang Pengfei , Dai Benzhong , Zhang Li
Published: February 2021

Blazar variability may be driven by stochastic processes. On the other hand, quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) behaviors were recently reported to be detected in the Fermi-LAT data of blazars. However, the significances of these QPO signals given by traditional Fourier-like methods are still questioned. We analyze γ-ray light curves of the QPO blazars with two Gaussian process methods, CARMA and celerite, to examine the appropriateness of Gaussian processes for characterizing γ-ray light curves of blazars and the existence of the reported QPOs. We collect a sample of 27 blazars with possible γ-ray periodicity and generate their ∼11 yr Fermi-LAT light curves. We apply the Gaussian process models to the γ-ray light curves, and build their intrinsic power spectral densities (PSDs). The results show that in general the γ-ray light curves can be characterized by CARMA and celerite models, indicating that γ-ray variabilities of blazars are essentially Gaussian processes. The resulting PSDs are generally the red noise shapes with slopes between −0.6 and −1.7. Possible evidence for the γ-ray QPOs in PKS 0537−441 and PG 1553+113 are found in the Gaussian process modelings.
Discovery of a Low-redshift Damped Lyα System in a Foreground Extended Disk Using a Starburst Galaxy Background Illuminator
Authors: Dupuis Christopher M. , Borthakur Sanchayeeta , Padave Mansi , Jansen Rolf A. , Alexandroff Rachael M. , Heckman Timothy M.
Published: February 2021

We present the discovery of a low-redshift damped Lyα (DLA) system in the spectrum of background starburst galaxy SDSS J111323.88+293039.3 (z = 0.17514). The DLA is at an impact parameter of ρ = 36 kpc from the star-forming galaxy, SDSS J111324.08+293051.2 (z = 0.17077). We measure an H i  column density of N(H i) = 3.47 × 1020 cm−2 along with multiple low-ionization species such as N i, N ii, Si ii, C ii, and Si iii. We also make an estimate of the covering fraction to be 0.883, giving us a limiting size of the DLA to be A
DLA ≥ 3.3 kpc2. Assuming a uniform column density over the entire DLA system, we estimate its mass to be M
DLA ≥ 5.3 × 106
M
⊙. The extended illuminator and the low redshift of this DLA give us the unique opportunity to characterize its nature and the connection to its host galaxy. We measure a velocity offset of +131 km s−1 from the systemic velocity of the host for the DLA. This velocity is −84 km s−1 from the projected rotation velocity of the host galaxy as measured using a newly constructed rotation curve. Based on the size of the host galaxy, the H i  column density, and the gas kinematics, we believe this DLA is tracing the warm neutral gas in the H i  disk of the foreground galaxy. Our detection adds to a small set of low-redshift DLAs that have confirmed host galaxies, and is the first to be found using an extended background source.
Bright, Months-long Stellar Outbursts Announce the Explosion of Interaction-powered Supernovae
Authors: Strotjohann Nora L. , Ofek Eran O. , Gal-Yam Avishay , Bruch Rachel , Schulze Steve , Shaviv Nir , Sollerman Jesper , Filippenko Alexei V. , Yaron Ofer , Fremling Christoffer , Nordin Jakob , Kool Erik C. , Perley Dan A. , Ho Anna Y. Q. , Yang Yi , Yao Yuhan , Soumagnac Maayane T. , Graham Melissa L. , Barbarino Cristina , Tartaglia Leonardo , De Kishalay , Goldstein Daniel A. , Cook David O. , Brink Thomas G. , Taggart Kirsty , Yan Lin , Lunnan Ragnhild , Kasliwal Mansi , Kulkarni Shri R. , Nugent Peter E. , Masci Frank J. , Rosnet Philippe , Adams Scott M. , Andreoni Igor , Bagdasaryan Ashot , Bellm Eric C. , Burdge Kevin , Duev Dmitry A. , Dugas Alison , Frederick Sara , Goldwasser Samantha , Hankins Matthew , Irani Ido , Karambelkar Viraj , Kupfer Thomas , Liang Jingyi , Neill James D. , Porter Michael , Riddle Reed L. , Sharma Yashvi , Short Phil , Taddia Francesco , Tzanidakis Anastasios , Roestel Jan van , Walters Richard , Zhuang Zhuyun
Published: February 2021

Interaction-powered supernovae (SNe) explode within an optically thick circumstellar medium (CSM) that could be ejected during eruptive events. To identify and characterize such pre-explosion outbursts, we produce forced-photometry light curves for 196 interacting SNe, mostly of Type IIn, detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility between early 2018 and 2020 June. Extensive tests demonstrate that we only expect a few false detections among the 70,000 analyzed pre-explosion images after applying quality cuts and bias corrections. We detect precursor eruptions prior to 18 Type IIn SNe and prior to the Type Ibn SN 2019uo. Precursors become brighter and more frequent in the last months before the SN and month-long outbursts brighter than magnitude −13 occur prior to 25% (5–69%, 95% confidence range) of all Type IIn SNe within the final three months before the explosion. With radiative energies of up to 1049 erg, precursors could eject  ∼1 M
⊙ of material. Nevertheless, SNe with detected precursors are not significantly more luminous than other SNe IIn, and the characteristic narrow hydrogen lines in their spectra typically originate from earlier, undetected mass-loss events. The long precursor durations require ongoing energy injection, and they could, for example, be powered by interaction or by a continuum-driven wind. Instabilities during the neon- and oxygen-burning phases are predicted to launch precursors in the final years to months before the explosion; however, the brightest precursor is 100 times more energetic than anticipated.
Almost periodic type functions and densities
Authors: Kostić Marko
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we introduce and analyze the notions of \begin{document}$ \odot_{g} $\end{document}-almost periodicity and Stepanov \begin{document}$ \odot_{g} $\end{document}-almost periodicity for functions with values in complex Banach spaces. In order to do that, we use the recently introduced notions of lower and upper (Banach) \begin{document}$ g $\end{document}-densities. We also analyze uniformly recurrent functions, generalized almost automorphic functions and apply our results in the qualitative analysis of solutions of inhomogeneous abstract integro-differential inclusions. We present plenty of illustrative examples, results of independent interest, questions and unsolved problems.
Linear-quadratic optimal control for discrete-time stochastic descriptor systems
Authors: Shu Yadong , Li Bo
Published: February 2021

In this paper, an optimal control model ruled by a class of linear discrete-time stochastic descriptor systems is considered under quadratic index performance. Employing dynamic programming method, a recurrence equation to simplify the optimal control problem is presented provided that the descriptor systems are both regular and impulse-free. When the objective function is quadratic, according to the recurrence equation, a discrete-time linear-quadratic optimal control problem is completely settled, that is, optimal controls and optimal values of the problem are both obtained through analytical expressions. At last, a numerical example about linear-quadratic optimal control for a discrete-time stochastic descriptor system is provided to illustrate the validness of the results derived.
Les liaisons interdites
Authors: Giuliani Fabienne
Published: February 2021

L’inceste marque de sa monstruosité les consciences collectives. Cantonné dans la sphère du tabou et de l’infamie, nul ne peut le discuter, nul ne peut le pratiquer. Le phénomène existe pourtant sous différentes formes selon les sociétés dans lesquelles il est rencontré et pensé.

En France, au xixe siècle, l’inceste a une histoire. Lorsqu’en 1791 les Constituants décident de le décriminaliser, la société française voit s’ouvrir un siècle de débats qui conduit à une requalification profonde du phénomène et de son imaginaire. L’étude croisée des discours entretenus par les élites souligne les étapes qui ont présidé à la construction de l’inceste criminel. À la fin du siècle, il n’est plus l’apanage des aristocrates décriés par les Lumières mais bien celui d’hommes pauvres, devenus les symboles d’une nouvelle dangerosité. La justice, par l’entrelacement de ses échelles et de ses acteurs, contribue également à fabriquer et à imposer progressivement ce masque sur le phénomène incestueux.

Mais l’inceste n’est pas qu’un crime au xixe siècle. En tentant de pénétrer au cœur même des familles, cet ouvrage montre qu’il peut également être une sexualité consentie qui se pratique dans la clandestinité de certains foyers français. Réalité multiforme, interdit plus que tabou, l’inceste mérite en ce sens d’être replacé dans une histoire plus courte que l’intemporalité des anthropologues.
Les députés parlent aux électeurs
Authors: Bourreau René , Bourreau Hélène
Published: February 2021

Les deux parties de cet ouvrage présentent et analysent les professions de foi des députés de Loire-Atlantique sous la IIIe République. Ces deux parties sont à bien des égards originales :
• La première, par son exploration scientifique d’un matériau généralement négligé, au motif qu’il n’aurait d’autre intérêt que de restituer la rhétorique des candidats à la députation ;
• La seconde, par la reproduction des textes analysés — les proclamations électorales des députés du pays « nantais » — donnant ainsi au lecteur l’ac­cès direct aux matériaux utilisés.

L’ensemble de la contribution devrait retenir l’intérêt tant des chercheurs que des lecteurs sensibilisés à une histoire politique tout à la fois concrète et néan­moins contextualisée. Par ailleurs, cet ouvrage complète, prolonge Monarchie et Modernité publié chez le même éditeur.
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps in Reliability Modeling
Authors: Rotshtein Alexander , Pustylnik Ludmila , Katielnikov Denys
Published: February 2021

The fuzzy cognitive map is considered as a tool for the ranking of factors affecting reliability. The rank of a factor is defined as an equivalent of the Birnbaum importance index in the classical reliability theory. Models and algorithms are proposed for calculation of the importance indexes of single factors and their joint effects on the reliability. The method is exemplified by the reliability and safety of an automobile in the “driver-automobile-road” system subject to the driver's qualification, traffic situation, unit costs of operation, operating conditions, maintenance scheduling, quality of maintenance and repair, quality of automobile design, quality of operational materials and spare parts, as well as storage conditions. The advantages of the method include 1) use of available expert information with no collection and processing statistical data and 2) capability to take into account any quantitative and qualitative factors associated with people, technology, software, quality of service, operating conditions, etc.
Risk Evaluation of a Construction Building Using a Hybrid Approach
Authors: Efe Burak , Kurt Mustafa
Published: February 2021

This chapter aims basically to ensure two benefits, which focus on method and application. Firstly, this chapter proposes a new approach, which is TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) based on interval type-2 trapezoidal fuzzy (IT2TrF) numbers. Secondly, the proposed method is applied to failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) problem to overcome the drawbacks of traditional FMEA, which determines possible failure modes. In traditional FMEA, the risk priority number method, which is obtained as the product of occurrence, severity, and detection risk factors, has been debated to have several drawbacks. The implementation of risk assessment is realized to indicate the validity of the suggested approach in a construction building. The results of the proposed approach and some other methods are compared. The aim and resources are optimized by using linear programming.
Fuzzy Reliability Assessment of Consecutive r Out of k From n G System Using UGF
Authors: Meenakshi KM. , Kumar Akshay , Singh S. B.
Published: February 2021

This chapter considers a consecutive r-out of-k-from n: G system taken for the study. The considered system works if at least r elements out of k consecutive elements within n elements work. The consecutive r-out of-k-from n: G system is special case of linear consecutive k-out-of-r-from-n:G system. A technique is applied for analyzing fuzzy reliability of the system using universal generating function and fuzzy set theory. At the end of the chapter, the proposed technique is demonstrated from a numerical example.
Fuzzy System Reliability Using Hesitant Fuzzy Element and Score Function
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Singh S. B. , Kumari Anita
Published: February 2021

The present work introduces a new technique for analyzing the fuzzy reliability of a system stem under hesitant fuzzy environment where the reliability of a component/unit of a system is represented by hesitant fuzzy element (HFE). In this study, the authors evaluate the fuzzy reliability for some complex systems (series configuration, parallel configuration, and bridge configuration) using score function which is very useful in reliability modelling (especially in decision making, risk analysis, and optimization problems). Reliability modelling under hesitant situations plays a key role in the reliability engineering field. The score function used in this study is helpful for a simple comparison between reliabilities of any two components as form of HFEs. Hesitancy is the most common problem in human behaviour, for which hesitant fuzzy set can be considered as a useful tool allowing several possible degrees of membership of an element to a set. Additionally, a numerical example is taken for demonstration of the present technique.
Proposed Industrial Scale Setup for Production of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Wet Chemical Synthesis Method
Authors: Ali Muhammad Saquib , Khan Muhammad Yasir , Akhtar Zeeshan , Akhtar Wasim , Muhammad Ahsan , Bhutto Shahid , Umer Faizan , Ali Muhammad Furqan , Abbas Syed Zeeshan
Published: February 2021

In this study, an industrial method is provided for the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles by a simple and economical wet chemical precipitation reaction between Zinc Chloride (ZnCl2) and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) at low temperatures less than 80 °C. In first step, Small quantity of ZnO powder is produced in laboratory scale. As-synthesized lab-scale ZnO powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Orthogonal experiments were performed to find out the optimal conditions for the maximum yield of ZnO powder. In second step, the process flow diagram (PFD), material & energy balance and design of reactor were done on the basis of lab-scale data. Overall, this research work proposes that ZnO powder can be manufactured easy and economical method which can be used for various branches of industry: rubber, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, textile, electronic etc.
Mechanical Properties of Aged-TiNiPdCu High Temperature Shape Memory Alloys
Authors: Rehman Saif Ur , Khan Mushtaq , Khan Aamir Nusair , Ali Liaqat , Jaffery Syed Imran Husain , Khurram Mohammad
Published: February 2021

High temperature ternary Ti50Ni25Pd25 and quaternary Ti50Ni20Pd25Cu5 shape memory alloys were developed in vacuum arc melting furnace using high purity constituent elements. Half numbers of samples were solution treated at 900 °C for 2 hrs and remaining were aged at 600 °C for 3 hrs. Both alloys were characterized for microstructure analysis and mechanical properties. After aging the alloys, no significant change in microstructure was observed in ternary alloy however, fine precipitates of bright color were found along the grain boundaries in quaternary alloy. The mechanical properties of ternary and quaternary alloys were found to be improved significantly. Microhardness of ternary alloy was increased by 18 Hv whereas for quaternary alloy the same property was improved by 24 Hv. Yield stress of ternary and quaternary was observed to be enhanced by 10 MPa and 9 MPa respectively. Similarly the fracture stress was observed to be increased by 9 MPa and 13.4 MPa. Conversely, the fracture strain of ternary and quaternary alloys was reduced by 0.5% and 0.35% respectively. From these results it can be established that aging at 600 °C is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties of both alloys however, quaternary alloy responded more actively as compared to ternary alloy.
Personalized Cooling System Using Phase Change Materials
Authors: Ali Kashif , Gul Rizwan Mehmood , Arshad Salman Noshear , Ali Kamran Muhammad
Published: February 2021

The most widely used personal protective system against heat stress is cooling vest that contains phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage. PCMs have the property of absorbing/releasing heat when they change their phase at their melting point. If the PCM has greater heat of fusion, more heat is absorbed; furthermore, good thermal conductivity assists in efficient removal of heat. In this work different PCMs are explored for use in personalized cooling vest. Hexadecane is finally selected to be used as a PCM having a melting point of 18-20 °C (which lies in the human thermal comfort) and heat of fusion of 241 kJ/kg. Carbon nanotubes have excellent capability of increasing thermal conductivity of a material. Carbon nanotubes were added in hexadecane, and latent heat of fusion of the mixture increased up to 262.6 kJ/kg.
Residual Stress Study of Nickel Aluminide (βNiAl) Coatings Deposited by In Situ Chemical Vapour Deposition Method
Authors: Chandio Ali Dad
Published: February 2021

Nickel aluminide (βNiAl) is a bond coat material used in thermal barrier coating (TBC) system of aeroengines. The performance of TBC is significantly influenced by the thermal response of bond coat (BC) material. Usually, the most failures of the TBCs are attributed to poor performance of a BC. There are several factors that affects the performance, such as; oxidation, mechanical damages, manufacturing oriented problems (thermal residual stresses) etc. In this study, βNiAl was deposited onto CMSX-4 superalloy substrates using in-situ chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method. Zirconium was also incorporated as a dopant into βNiAl coating. Residual stresses were measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. In particular, the comparison was made between the doped and undoped coating samples. Results demonstrated minimum thermal stresses in the zirconium doped coating in comparison to its undoped counterpart. Possible mechanism of stress removal is discussed.
Rapid Solidification and Surfaces Alloying Using Continuous CO2 Laser to Generate Ni-Aluminide on Steel
Authors: Akhtar Shazeen , Akhtar Naveed , Nadeem Irfan , Tauqir Anjum
Published: February 2021

Rapidly solidified thin micro-alloyed surface layers are generated by laser melting of plasma thermal sprayed steel surfaces. Samples of carbon steel are plasma sprayed with fine nickel and aluminum powders. Laser surface melting generated a thin localized molten pool of metal with steep horizontal thermal gradient. The latter triggered intense vortex formation in the molten pool which thoroughly mixed the nickel and aluminum powders within the molten pool in a fraction of a second. As the sample is moved away with a predefined velocity, the cold substrate quenched the melt pool, generating rapidly solidified micro-alloyed surfaces. A 2.5 kilowatts continuous carbon dioxide laser was used for surface melting; laser power was maintained at 800 watts while the samples were moved with respect to the laser beam at linear velocities in the range of 100-200 mm/min. The technique generated metallurgical bonded novel surfaces. Depth of the laser modified layer was achieved in the range of 0.2-0.4 mm. Refined microstructures of pre-austenite grain size in the range of 4±2 µm were generated. Micro-hardness measurements of the modified layer indicate an almost three times enhancement in the hardness values; the latter are, in general indicative of mechanical strength of the material. The shape of the solid/liquid interface of the advancing molten pool determines the orientation of the growing dendrites; at higher velocities of sample translation with respect to the laser beam, these are almost parallel to the sample surface. The orientation of the dendrites, the uniformity in surface alloying (within fraction of a second) and the resulting hardness values are explained with the help of the modeled shape of the liquid metal pool. The laser processed material proved to be a flexible technique to synthesize novel surfaces for surface sensitive applications.
Characterization of the Aniline.DBSA/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends for the Thermo-Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Properties
Authors: Afzal Ayesha , Rashid Iqra Abdul , Shakir Muhammad Fayzan , Tariq Asra
Published: February 2021

Conducting polymer blends Polyaniline-Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (Pani.DBSA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were prepared using in-situ emulsion polymerization method by dissolving both components in DMF. Ani.DBSA/TPU blends were prepared with different compositions 20/80, 30/70, 40/60 and 50/50 wt%. Theses blends have good conducting and mechanical properties. Blends were characterized by Potentiostate, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMTA). The electrical conductivity increases up to 30 wt% loading of aniline.DBSA after that it decreases gradually. The uniform dispersion of aniline.DBSA showed in SEM images which is the indication of a strong connection between aniline.DBSA and TPU which increase the conductivity. These blends can be used as strain sensors.
Correlation of Global Longitudinal Strain with Functional Status of Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Rathi Lalit Mohan , Sanghvi Sanjeev , Mathur Rohit , Baroopal Anil
Published: February 2021

Background:

Two-dimensional (2D) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a well-known parameter to assess the functional status of the patients. Recently, global longitudinal strain (GLS) has emerged as a more sensitive tool for assessing left ventricular (LV) systolic function. We aimed to assess the superiority of GLS by 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography over 2D LVEF in patients with moderate-to-severe LV systolic dysfunction (LVSD) calculated using Simpson's biplane method of disks, in predicting the functional status of the patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients in age group 18–80 years with moderate-to-severe LVSD (2D LVEF <40%) were included. New York Heart Association class 4 patients and patients of rheumatic heart disease or valvular heart disease were excluded. 2D LVEF was calculated using Simpson's method. 2D GLS was assessed using automated function imaging technique. The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) was used to assess functional status of patients with moderate-to-severe LVSD.

Results:

Results showed that 2D GLS better correlated with functional status of the patients (P ≤ 0.0001) than 2D LVEF (P = 0.619). Patients who had better 2D GLS had better functional status according to MLHFQ. Conclusion: Correlation of functional status of patients with poor LVSD was superior with 2D GLS when compared to 2D LVEF. Since strain imaging is an inexpensive tool, it can be easily applied to assess functional status in large number of patients without adding any additional cost.
Inclusion body fibromatosis – A report of four cases and review of literature
Authors: Agnihotri MA , Sathe PA
Published: February 2021

Inclusion body fibromatosis (IBF) also called the “Reye tumor” is a rare spindle cell proliferation with distinct clinicopathological features. This is a report of four cases of IBF from a single institute. Typical location, age, size of the lesion, bland histology, and paranuclear inclusions are the distinguishing features of this entity. Medical literature search reveals very few series of cases of IBF, the remaining cases being in the form of case reports. The aim of this report is to highlight the typical features of this rare entity.
Use of dexamethasone in the management of respiratory tract infections
Authors: Adegboro B. , Abayomi S.A. , Imran J. , Sanni E.O.
Published: February 2021

Dexamethasone is a potent synthetic member of the glucocorticoid class of corticosteroid drugs that has been useful for the management of some pathological disorders because it affects a protean number of signaling pathways. It is used as adjunct therapy in the management of sepsis, arthritis, cardiac transplant, blood, hormone/immune system disorders, allergic reaction, skin, eye conditions, cancer and other pathologic disorders and as a mainstay of therapy in autoimmune hepatitis. With the advent of COVID-19, there have been investigations of its use as antiinflammatory agent in severely ill patients. This present review elucidates the various studies on the use of dexamethasone in the management of severe respiratory tract infections, with the ultimate aim of reducing mortality amongst severely ill patients, including COVID-19.

Keywords: dexamethasone; adjunctive therapy; respiratory infections; COVID-19

 

English Title: Utilisation de la dexaméthasone dans la prise en charge des infections des voies respiratoires

La dexaméthasone est un membre synthétique puissant de la classe des corticostéroïdes glucocorticoïdes qui a été utile pour la gestion de certains troubles pathologiques car elle affecte un nombre protéiforme de voies designalisation. Il est utilisé comme traitement d'appoint dans la prise en charge de la septicémie, de l'arthrite, de la transplantation cardiaque, du sang, des troubles hormonaux/du système immunitaire, des réactions allergiques, des affections cutanées, oculaires, du cancer et d'autres troubles pathologiques et comme pilier du traitement de l'hépatite auto-immune. Avec l'avènement du COVID-19, des études ont été menées sur son utilisation comme agent anti-inflammatoire chez des patients gravement malades. Cette revue présente les différentes études sur l'utilisation de la dexaméthasone dans la prise en charge des infections sévères des voies respiratoires, dans le but ultime de réduire la mortalité chez les patients gravement malades, y compris le COVID-19.

Mots clés: dexaméthasone; thérapie d'appoint; infections respiratoires; COVID-19
Gastroenterology practice in the COVID-19 era: Ghana Association for the Study of Liver and Digestive Diseases (GASLIDD) position statement
Authors: A. Awuku Yaw , T Jibril Afaa , S. Bockarie Ansumana , Duah Amoako , Tachi Kenneth , Agyei-Nkansah Adwoa , Y. Afihene Mary
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted healthcare negatively across the globe. The practice of gastroenterology has been affected especially gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy which is considered high risk for transmission of the virus. As a community of practitioners there is the need to share information and make evidence-based statements to guide GI practice in Ghana. This GASLIDD position statement based on the growing and rapidly evolving body of knowledge is to provide up to date information on the COVID-19 disease and guidance for the practice of gastroenterology in Ghana and beyond. It is to help the GI community of practice to maintain the highest level of health delivery and safety for our patients, staff, community and GI practitioners.