bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atitudes face à doação de gâmetas e gestação de substituição
Authors: Carolino Naír , Galhardo Ana , Cunha Marina
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: A parentalidade constitui-se como um desejo comum a muitos indivíduos, mas em alguns casos a sua concretização implica o recurso a técnicas de reprodução medicamente assistida, como a doação de gâmetas ou a gestação de substituição. Em virtude da escassez de estudos sobre atitudes face à doação/receção de gâmetas e gestação de substituição, este estudo pretendeu explorar as atitudes de indivíduos em idade reprodutiva relativamente a estas técnicas. Métodos: Participaram 551 sujeitos com idades entre os 18 e os 40 anos, recrutados através de amostragem por bola de neve. Foi solicitado o preenchimento de um questionário desenvolvido especificamente para o estudo, disponibilizado numa plataforma online, que avaliou o posicionamento dos sujeitos face à doação/receção de gâmetas e gestação de substituição. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes revelou uma atitude positiva perante a doação/receção de gâmetas. No caso da doação a principal motivação indicada foi a de ajudar um casal que não pode ter filhos. Relativamente à receção de gâmetas, os dados sugerem tratar-se de uma circunstância bem aceite pelos participantes. Já no que se refere à gestação de substituição, ainda que exista um posicionamento favorável à sua legalização, nem todos os participantes considerariam essa possibilidade, ainda que aqueles que a equacionariam refiram que se sentiriam felizes por concretizar o sonho de se tornar mãe/pai. Conclusões: Na globalidade, a receção/doação de gâmetas é vista de um modo favorável. Aspetos como realizar o desejo de parentalidade e poder cuidar de uma criança desde o seu nascimento são relevantes, sugerindo uma menor valorização da componente genética. Por sua vez a doação de gâmetas parece relacionar-se com motivações altruístas, podendo ser potenciada com a existência de aconselhamento. A complexidade da gestação de substituição poderá contribuir para a existência de uma menor abertura, ainda que os sujeitos estejam de acordo com a sua legalização em Portugal.
Autoconsciência e investimento esquemático da aparência em indivíduos com deficiência visual
Authors: Mendes José Carlos da Silva , Alcaidinho Durval , Alcaidinho Maura
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: A Autoconsciência da Aparência tem sido alvo de recente investigação em vários contextos, sendo desconhecidos estudos realizados em indivíduos com deficiência visual. Propõe-se com este estudo, compreender a Autoconsciência da Aparência em pessoas com deficiência visual. Método: Participaram 104 indivíduos (43 com cegueira congénita, 19 com baixa visão congénita, 23 com cegueira adquirida e 19 com baixa visão adquirida) que responderam a um conjunto de questionários quer disponibilizados on-line, quer de forma presencial, tendo sido adicionada a opção de resposta "não se aplica" em todos os itens da versão reduzida da Derriford Appearance Scale (DAS-24) e Appearance Scale Inventory (ASI-R). Resultados: Todos os instrumentos utilizados apresentaram bons índices de consistência interna. Não se verificaram diferenças significativas no Investimento Esquemático e Autoconsciência da Aparência entre os tipos de deficiência visual. Os participantes com baixa visão congénita e baixa visão adquirida, apresentaram maior desconforto com a sua aparência, em comparação com os participantes com cegueira congénita e cegueira adquirida. O Afeto Negativo revelou-se preditor do investimento esquemático e autoconsciência da aparência. Conclusões: Preocupações da aparência em indivíduos com deficiência visual são generalizadas, ocorrendo internalização dos ideais do corpo também em sujeitos sem visão. O Afeto Negativo é um preditor do Investimento Esquemático e Autoconsciência da Aparência.
PROSES PENYELESAIAN KREDIT BERMASALAH PADA PT. BANK NAGARI CABANG PARIAMAN
Authors: Yubita  , Tanjung Mariani St.B
Published: March 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa yang menyebabkan terjadinya kredit bermasalah pada PT. Bank Nagari Cabang Pariaman, serta bagaimana cara penyelesaian kredit bermasalah pada PT. Bank Nagari Cabang Pariaman. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah 1) Prosedur pemberian kredit pada PT. Bank Nagari Cabang Pariaman dilakukan mulai dari pengajuan permohonan kredit sampai dengan realisasi kredit, kemudian dilajutkan dengan pengawasan kredit yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kedisiplinan debitur untuk melunasi pinjamannya secara tepat waktu. 2) Kredit bermasalah pada PT. Bank Nagari Cabang Pariaman disebabkan oleh faktor ekstern seperti merosotnya perekonomian debitur, terjadinya PHK mendadak ditempat kerja debitur, terjadinya konflik keluarga ( bercerai ) sehingga kemampuan membayar angsuran pokok dan bunga pinjaman mengalami masalah, sehingga terjadi kredit lancar menjadi kurang lancar diragukan bahkan macet. 3) Upaya yang dilakukan oleh PT. Bank Nagari Cabang Pariaman untuk mengatasi kredit bermasalah adalah sebagai berikut: a)Melakukan peringatan dini, 2) Penagihan, 3) Rekstrukturisasi Kredit, 4) Penyerahan Kredit Bermasalah pada Pihak Ketiga, 5) Pelelangan Kredit Bermasalah melalui lelang agunan, 6) Pemberian keringanan pembayaran tunggakan bunga dan denda.
SWOT Analysis as Strategy to Improve Competitiveness of Durian Pancake Medium Enterprises
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: March 2019

One of the efforts that should be conducted by a businessman to compete in the global world is that understanding the situation and mastering market strategy. This study aimed to determine and analyze competitive strategies and improve competitive qualities contained based on SWOT analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. This study conducted qualitative descriptive research. The data was obtained from observation, interview, and library study. The data were analysed based on IFAS matrix, EFAS matrix, SWOT diagram and SWOT Matrix. The results of this study indicate that durian pancake medium enterprise of SALINARY used product strategy and good service strategy to the customer. Business strategy was good enough but still need to do evaluation in more strategy to develop Durian pancake business. Based on SWOT Analysis, to improve the Quality of durian Pancake Business it was necessary to apply aggressive strategy or SO strategy. Therefore, Durian Pancake Enterprises could empower the opportunities to exist.
A review on mechanical behavior of cellulose and nanocellulose composites
Authors: Pham DC
Published: March 2019

D.C. Pham, T.D. Ngo (2019). “A Review on Mechanical Behavior of Cellulose and Nanocellulose Composites”. In Cellulose to Nanocellulose: Production, Properties and Applications. Ed. T.D. Ngo. Nova Science Publishers.
Analisis Kualitas Kerja dan Disiplin Pegawai di Kelurahan Tanjung Buntung
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: March 2019

Kinerja merupakan cara kerja seseorang yang dapat dicapai oleh seorang karyawan dalam melaksanakan tugas sesuai dengan tanggung jawab yang diberikan kepadanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh kualitas kerja dan disiplin pegawai terhadap kualitas pelayanan publik di Kelurahan Tanjung Buntung. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 30 orang masyarakat dan 30 orang pegawai kelurahan data yang diambil dari data tahun 2018. Analisis data menggunakan uji Regresi Linier Berganda, pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji koefisien determinasi (R2), Uji parsial (uji t), dan uji serempak (uji F), sedangkan pengolahan data menggunakan perangkat lunak pengolahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa disiplin kerja sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas pelayanan publik, sedangkan variabel kualitas kerja berpengaruh negatif terhadap kualitas pelayanan publik.
Pandangan Umat Buddha Terhadap Hukum dan Administrasi Kependudukan di Desa Margorejo, Tegineneng, Kabupaten Pesawaran, Lampung
Authors: warsito
Published: March 2019

Dalam menyikapi berbagai masalah yang berhubungan dengan hukum dan administrasi kependudukan pemerintah berusaha memperoleh data tentang kependudukan di Indonesia yang akurat untuk mampu membuat pemetaan yang tepat guna untuk menanggulangi masalah kependudukan baik tingkat lokal dan nasional. Pendaftaran Penduduk adalah pencatatan biodata penduduk, pencatatan atas pelaporan peristiwa Kependudukan dan Pendataan Penduduk Serta Penerbitan Dokumen Kependudukan berupa kartu identitas atau Surat Keterangan Kependudukan. Pengelolaan pendaftaran penduduk merupakan tanggung jawab pemerintah kota/kabupaten, dimana dalam pelaksanaan diawali dari desa/kelurahan selaku ujung tombak pendaftaran penduduk,sehingga setiap warga terdaftar secara administrasi dan sesuai dengan Undang-undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Administrasi kependudukan. Masalah yang muncul dalam masyarakat desa adalah kurang kepedulian terhadap kewajiban sebagai warga masyarakat berkaitan dengan hukum dan administrasi kependudukan. Untuk itu peran pemerintah desa dalam hal ini kepala Desa bekerjasama dengan sekretaris desa yang dikoordinir oleh kepala dusun dan Ketua RT mutlak dioptimalkan.Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk agar pelayanan Hukum dan Administrasi Kependudukan bagi umat Buddha di Desa Margorejo, Pesawaran, Lampung berjalan dengan maksimal sehingga hambatan-hambatan yang terjadi dapat diatasi dengan baik, melalui kerjasama Ketua Vihara, umat Buddha dan pejabat pemerintah desa. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian Ketua Vihara, Umat Buddha dan Perwakilan dari Kepala Dusun. Teknik Pengumpulan Data yang dilakukan dengan Observasi, Wawancara dan Dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model Miles and Huberman yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pelayanan Hukum dan Administrasi Kependudukan bagi umat Buddha berjalan dengan baik walaupun terdapat kekurangan yakni kurang pedulinya umat Buddha2terhadap kewajiban sebagai warga masyarakat dalam hal pelaksanaan hukum dan administrasi kependudukan di desa. Hambatan yang terjadi adalah selain kurang pedulinya umat Buddha, dari pihak pemerintah desa kurang mengadakan sosialisasi dan tidak ada penjelasan yang memadai mengenai program pelayanan hukum dan kependudukan.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL ROLE PLAYING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PADA MAHASISWA DALAM MATA KULIAH MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN
Authors: Maknuun Lu’ Lu’ IL
Published: March 2019

AbstractOne of the direct learning models involved students in the learning process is the Role Playing model. The learning model is very suitable for learning subjects that involves real life situation. In Model Role Playing students are invited to play some roles related to the subjects being studied. With the role played by each student, they can experience firsthand the lessons exposed to the subjects. For example on financial management subjects. This research is an experimental, with research design True Experimental Design, Pretest-control Group Design. In the data analysis can be seen that the calculation of the value analysis thitung> ttabel. On the list of significant 5% that is 7.74> 1.70 that t_hitung bigger than ttable and at a significant level of 1% that is 7.74> 2.46 that thitung bigger than ttabel. By affecting t_count with ttable if t_count> ttable means the hypothesis is accepted. From these tests it can be concluded that the effectiveness of Role Playing Model in Improving Student Competence on Financial Management Subject, the hypothesis is accepted.Keywords: Financial Management, Learning, Role Playing Model,
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Tolak Peluru
Authors: Utami Rindi Sri
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu siswa yang mengalami kesulitan pada pembelajaran atletik nomor tolak peluru karena keterbatasan media pembelajaran tolak peluru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Pada penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur penelitian dengan model pengembangan ADDIE: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. Proses penilaian desain produk melibatkan ahli pembelajaran atletik dan ahli media pembelajaran. Pengujian media pembelajaran diberikan pada perwakilan siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Tugu dengan sampel uji coba kelompok kecil 14 siswa dan uji coba kelompok besar 28 siswa. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran tolak peluru dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran tolak peluru. Hal ini diperoleh dari hasil penelitian dengan persentase nilai dari hasil uji coba kelompok kecil dengan nilai rata-rata 82% (kategori baik) dapat digunakan dan dari hasil uji coba kelompok besar dengan nilai rata-rata 82,71% (kategori baik) dapat digunakan.
Flexibility in reaction time analysis: Many roads to a false positive?
Authors: Morís Fernández Luis , Vadillo Miguel A.
Published: March 2019

In the present article, we explore the influence of undisclosed flexibility in the analysis of reaction times (RTs). RTs entail some degrees of freedom of their own, due to their skewed distribution, the potential presence of outliers and the availability of different methods to deal with these issues. Moreover, these degrees of freedom are usually not considered part of the analysis itself, but preprocessing steps that are contingent on data. We analysed the impact of these degrees of freedom on the false-positive rate using simulations over real and simulated data. When several preprocessing methods are used in combination, the false-positive rate can easily rise to 17%. This figure becomes more concerning if we consider that more degrees of freedom are awaiting down the analysis pipeline, potentially making the final false-positive rate much higher.
Sử dụng mạng xã hội để thúc đẩy đối thoại khoa học
Authors: Ho Toan Manh
Published: March 2019

Mạng xã hội và sức ảnh hưởng của nó là công cụ hữu hiệu giúp các nhà nghiên cứu đưa khoa học đến gần hơn nữa với công chúng. Published in SciComm SSHPA: https://sc.sshpa.com/post/4409.
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Authors: Wibowo Rizal Arya
Published: March 2019

The company is related to things that occur after the law that is related to corporate crime. The purpose of the discussion of this article is to find out about prison sentences imposed on corporations, detention and settlement of corporate criminal acts. The type of legal research conducted is a type of normative legal research that examines literature sources without conducting field research. The conclusion of this article is that it can be fined, approved and finalized. Telaumbanua, D. (2015). PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI DI BIDANG LINGKUNGAN HIDUP. Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 9(1), 101-112. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24246/jrh.2015.v9.i1.p101-112
Review Jurnal: Hukuman (punishment) Dalam Presfektif Pendidikan Pesantren
Authors: Nazhruna Jurnal
Published: March 2019

: keunggulan analis dari jurnal ini adalah mampu memberikan metode hukuman berdasarkan al quran dan al hadist. Dan memberikan hukuman-hukuman yang mendidik kepada santri(peserta didik) sehingga pendidikan di pesntren berkualitas dan berkembang pesat dalam pendidikan karakter dan kepribdian pada diri seorang santri (pesrta didik)
Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences 2(11), 2019/ OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Vitaly Yakovlev- Berlin, Germany. 26.02.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - 87 P.
Authors: Низамова Саида Адиловна , Averina Alina Evgenievna , Решетов Руслан Сергеевич , Погожев Дмитрий Алексеевич , Кошелькова Мария Михайловна , Лентина Анастасия Алексеевна , Горячева Анна Викторовна , Безруких Алексей Игоревич , Романенков Семён Олегович , Мuminov Iskandar Тolibovich , Мuminov Тolib Мusaevich , Мukhamedov Аliakbar Kurbanovich , Mamatkulov Оrifjon Bahromovich , Nurmuradov Lochin Тirkashovich , Safarov Аkmal Аskarovich , Khasanov Shakhboz Khasanovich , Khudayberdiev A'zam Тursunovich , Mavlonov Temur Turakulovich , Евдокимов Александр Сергеевич , Ярмишко Василий Трофимович , Султанова Асет Джамалдиновна
Published: March 2019

Authoritative and critical reviews of the latest achievements of natural and technical disciplines are published by Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences. Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences, an international peerreviewed journal, publishes both theoretical and experimental highquality documents of constant interest, previously unpublished in journals, in the field of technical and natural sciences, whose purpose is to promote theory and practice. In addition to the peerreviewed original research papers, the Editorial Board welcomes original research reports, modern surveys and communications in a broadly defined field of technical and natural sciences
AKTIVITAS PENYELESAIAN KREDIT PADA PT. BANK NAGARI CABANG SOLOK SELATAN
Authors: Wandra Novil Dwi , Tanjung Mariani St.B
Published: March 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana prosedur penyelesaian kredit bermasalahan yang dilakukan oleh Bank Nagari Cabang Solok Selatan. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis data kualitatif sebagai metode penelitian yang menjelaskan secara deskriptif mengenai uraian data secara sistematis dari fakta-fakta yang didapat kemudian dihubungkan dengan aktivitas penyelesaian kredit pada Bank Nagari Cabang Solok Selatan. Hasil penelitian 1) Memberikan keringanan pembayaran bunga. 2) Keringanan tunggakan pokok. 3) Mendesak debitur untuk melakukan sendiri penjualan agunan.
Integrasi Pengelolaan Aset Desa Pakraman
Authors: Laksmana Komang Agus Rudi Indra
Published: March 2019

Dasar hukum desa pakraman di Bali didasarkan Perda Bali Nomor 3 Tahun 2001 tentang Desa Pakraman, Perda No. 3 Tahun 2012 dan UU No. 6 Tahun 2014. Konsep pengelolaan kekayaan aset desa pakraman di Bali dilakukan oleh prajuru desa sesuai dengan awig-awig desa pakraman. Sumber dana desa pakraman di Bali berasal dari urunan krama, hasil pengelolaan kekayaan, hasil usaha LPD, bantuan pemerintah yang sah, sumbangan pihak ketiga. penggunaannya untuk pembangunan desa pakraman dan penyelenggaraan kegiatan desa pakraman. Konsep integrasi dilakukan dengan peningkatan peran Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD), peningkatan kapasitas SDM dan melibatkan komunitas masyarakat dalam rangka audit sosial.
Sumber Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Baru dalam Rangka Menjaga Stabilitas Ekonomi Bali
Authors: Laksmana Komang Agus Rudi Indra
Published: March 2019

Pengembangan kawasan ekonomi merupakan tujuan utama dari perubahan UU. Provinsi Bali. Pencarian sumber ekonomi yang baru segera dilakukan untuk meringankan ketergantungan terhadap sektor pariwisata. Sektor agrowisata, perkebunan dan industri kreatif merupakan subsektor yang potensial dan memiliki daya saing. Lakukan pengembangan sistem manajemen terintegrasi dan berkesinambungan dalam mengembangkan ketiga sektor tersebut. Disi lain, pemerintah daerah tetap melakukan pembinaan dan pendampingan terhadap subsektor lainnya agar memiliki kualitas yang baik untuk bersaing di pasar global.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN EKOWISATA ALAM PUCAK DIKECAMATAN TOMPOBULUKABUPATEN MAROS
Authors: Meiyani Eliza
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAKDalam pembangunan nasional dijelaskan bahwa kepariwisataan bertujuan untuk menggalakkan perekonomian nasional dan daerah. Berdasarkan pengalaman pada tahun-tahun lalu, terutama krisis moneter melanda perekonomian Indonesia, kegiatan kepariwisataan memiliki potensi besar dalam peningkatan perekonomian nasional yang salah satunya pendorongnya adalah globalisasi diberbagai sektor. Pariwisata telah menjadi bagian penting dari kebutuhan dasar masyarakat maju dan sebagian kecil masyarakat negara berkembang. Pariwisata semakin berkembang sejalan perubahan-perubahan sosial, budaya, ekonomi teknologi dan politik. Ditemukannya teknologi transportasi, dan peningkatan waktu luang yang didorong oleh penciutan jam kerja, telah mempercepat mobilitas manusia antar daerah, negara dan benua.Ekowisata merupakan salah satu bentuk kegiatan khusus yang menaruh perhatian besar terhadap kelestarian sumber daya pariwisata. Dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat lokal. Dengan kata lain ekowisata adalah bentuk industri pariwisata berbasis lingkungan yang memberikan dampak kecil bagi kerusakcm alam dan budaya lokal sekaligus menciptakan peluang kerja dan pendapatan serta membantu kegiatan konservasi alam itu sendiri.
MENGENAL SILA DAN SIMBOL DALAM SETIAP SILA PANCASILA
Authors: Nasution Hidayati Hijjah
Published: March 2019

Bagaimana jika warga negara indonesia tidak memahami makna simbol-simbol pada setiap sila di Pancasila dan tidak mampu mengamalkan apa yang ada pada tiap-tiap sila tersebut? Tentu akan terjadi ketidakteraturan bahkan muncul potensi perpecahan di negara Indonesia. Untuk memahami simbol-simbol yang ada pada pancasila demi memperkuat persatuan di antara kita, pada makalah ini akan dimuat makna simbol dalam sila-sila pancasila, hubungan antar sila-sila pancasila, serta contoh penerapan sikap yang sesuai dengan sila-sila Pancasila dengan harapan agar mudah memahaminya dan mampu mengamalkannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari kita.
Seminar Nasional SALINGDIDIK 4
Authors: Rafiqa Syarifa
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this paper is to analyze an error analysis investigation into the pronunciation errors specifically with the close-positioned vowels of /uː/ and near close-positioned vowels /Ʊ/ that are made by an advanced learner of student university speaker of English. The study of learner's error (Error Analysis) is a technique for identifying, describing and systematically explaining the errors made by a learner, using any of the principles and procedures provided by linguistics. The paper tries to interpret students’ errors in pronunciation and suggests possible explanations, such as the impact of the students’ mother tongue, or of English as the language of instruction on their Indonesian. The results revealed the whole data collection exercise the learner’s pronunciations of /u:/ were inaccurate 15,4% of the time, but conversely her pronunciations of /Ʊ/ were entirely accurate.
ILMU PENGETAHUAN DAN TEKNOLOGI DALAM REFORMASI BIROKRASI
Authors: Meiyani Eliza
Published: March 2019

Technology as media capable to reduce the potency of deviation in the service of state apparatus and action towards the development of corruption settlement (Collusion, corruption, and nepotisme), relating with the government commitment in the era of bureaucracy reformation to the implementation of good and clean government. Electronic government is the technology implementation in bureaucracy and the principles used in implementing the information technology for state task which well known with electronic government (e-government). Access optimalization towards information is the basic principle of transparency aiming to the use of technology in government.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENINGKATAN KEPARIWISATAAN DI KECAMATAN KESU’ KABUPATEN TORAJA UTARA
Authors: Meiyani Eliza
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAKPartisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan merupakan proses pembaharuan yang kontinyu dan terus menerus dari satu keadaan tertentu kepada suatu keadaan yang dianggap lebih baik. Pembangunan dimaksudkan meliputi segala segi kehidupan politik, ekonomi sosial budaya, itu baru akan berhasil apabila merupakan kegiatan yang melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat di dalam suatu Negara. Rumusan formulasi diatas dimaksudkan untuk memantapkan strategi pembangunan yang baik lebih lanjut diterjemahkan kedalam kegiatan nyata yang efektif dalam pelaksanaannya dengan sasaran dapat menimbulkan respon dan kerjasama seluruh masyarakat dalam proses pembangunan dengan kegiatan masyarakat luas.Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan diartikan sebagai pelaksanaan konsistensi pembangunan yang diarahkan pada keberhasilan program yang telah ditetapkan termasuk kesungguhan untuk mencapai tanggung jawab pemerintah, swasta dan masyarakat.
What’s in a looking time preference?
Authors: Bergmann Christina , Rabagliati Hugh , Tsuji Sho
Published: March 2019

Looking time preference methods are an ubiquitous tool for tapping into infants' early skills and knowledge. However, predicting what preference infants will show in these paradigms can be difficult, and studies investigating the same ability oftentimes report opposing patterns of preference. For example, most studies investigating infant pattern learning report preferences for novel stimuli, but some report preference for familiar stimuli. How should such differences in preference direction be interpreted? One possibility is that any statistically significant preference is evidence for discrimination, such that all preferences provide similar evidential value. But another possibility is that the less-frequent preferences are so-called “sign errors”, in which a result is statistically significant, but the estimated effect size has the incorrect sign, e.g., showing a familiarity rather than novelty preference. In this paper, we use meta-analytic methods and statistical modeling to examine whether, when literatures show a heterogeneous pattern of looking time preferences, those preferences provide consistent evidential value, or whether one direction of preference may be a sign error. [Summary of included meta-analyses, results, implications]
Moving beyond the icon of criminal atavism: Lombroso as hypnotist.
Authors: FACCO ENRICO , Fabris Serena , Casiglia Edoardo , Lapenta Antonio Maria
Published: March 2019

This article stems from the need for restoring some relevant but skipped aspect of Lombroso’s figure, especially his huge interest in hypnosis, an essential step for a more objective historical reenactment of his thought. Lombroso’s wide range of interests, including psychiatry, anthropology and sociology, made him a great physician-philosopher embodying the positivist stance of his time. Hypnosis, he studied and practiced for over 20 years, was a relevant aspect of his profile. His view of hypnosis was sound and modern, overcoming the Charcot’s (wrong) pathological interpretation of hypnosis as a form of experimental hysteria. He also moved beyond his initial theory of atavism, including psychological and cultural factor in criminality and holding a progressive system.
Exploring the Demographic History of Populations with Enhanced Lexis Surfaces
Authors: Cimentada Jorge , Klüsener Sebastian , Riffe Tim
Published: March 2019

Lexis surfaces are widely used to analyze demographic trends across periods, ages, and birth cohorts. When used to visualize rates or similar, these plots usually do not convey information about population size. The failure to communicate population size in Lexis surfaces can lead to misinterpretations of the mortality conditions populations face because, for example, high mortality rates at very high ages have historically been experienced by only a small proportion of a population or cohort. We propose enhanced Lexis surfaces that include a visual representation of population size. The examples we present demonstrate how such plots can give readers a more intuitive understanding of the demographic development of a population over time. Visualizations are implemented using an R-Shiny application, building upon perception theories. We present example plots for enhanced Lexis surfaces that show trends in cohort mortality and first-order differences in cohort mortality developments. These plots illustrate how adding the cohort size dimension allows us to extend the analytical potential of standard Lexis surfaces. Our enhanced Lexis surfaces improve conventional depictions of period, age, and cohort trends in demographic developments of populations and cohorts. An online interactive visualization tool based on Human Mortality Database data allows users to generate and export enhanced Lexis surfaces for their research. The R code to generate the application (and a link to the deployed application) can be accessed at https://github.com/cimentadaj/lexis_plot.
La práctica alfarera durante el primer milenio de la Era en El Sunchal, Anfama (Dto. Tafí Viejo, Tucumán, Rep. Argentina). Trayectorias de vida, cadenas operativas y ¿tradición?
Authors: Franco Francisco
Published: March 2019

Tesis de grado para optar por el título de Licenciado en Historia.
A Comparative Evaluation of Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation in AMI Patients Managed by Revascularization Vs Optimal Medical Therapy
Authors: Saha Jayanta , Singh Sudhakar , Roy Arnab , Bhargawa Manoj
Published: March 2019

Objectives: Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) is one of the frequent complications associated with coronary artery disease (CAD); but the optimal management of IMR is controversial. Our aim was to evaluate and compare the impact of medical therapy versus revascularization on the degree of MR.Methods: We performed observational follow up study on 114 patients admitted to our hospital with AMI and mild to moderate degree of MR. Multiple parameters were used to assess the severity of MR at baseline and after 1 year of follow up to assess the change in MR severity after medial therapy and revascularization.Results: In the medically managed group, MR grade improved in 28.57% of patients while 53.57% patients remained in the same grade as before. The grade of MR deteriorated from moderate to severe in 17.86% patients during follow up. In revascularization group; improvement in MR grade was observed in 60.71% of patients while 32.14% patients remained in the previous grade. Deterioration from moderate to severe occurred in 7.14% of patients. PCI and CABG subgroup analysis showed almost similar impact on degree of MR during follow up.Conclusion: From our study we concluded that revascularization; either in form of PCI or CABG, is associated with improvement in degree of MR when compared to optimal medical therapy alone.
Therapeutic effects of Silybum marianum in the treatment of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis
Authors: Awan Asim , Saeed Aftab , Usmanghani Khan , Rafiq Muhammad
Published: March 2019

Background: Cirrhosis is the late, symptomatic stage of chronic liver disease which occurs when scar tissue (fibrosis) largely replaces healthy liver tissue, compromising the function of the organ and predisposing to liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is mainly caused by hepatitis B and C virus infections or prolonged excessive consumption of alcohol.
Aims and Objective: To study the therapeutic effects of Silybum marianum on liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection with Child Pugh Stage A& B.
Materials and Methods: In this study 119 patients were treated for 6 months with Silybum marianum, their Liver stiffness measurements were carried out through Fibroscan, which is a non-invasive technique to assess liver fibrosis. Liver Fibrosis Scores viz; Aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index(APRI) and fibrosis index based on four factors(FIB-4) were also employed at baseline and end of treatment.
Results: Pre-treatment Liver Stiffness Measurement (LSM) score was 22.54 kilopascals(kPa) and post treatment was 17.30 kPa, a statistically significant change of 5.24 kPa (P ˂ 0.01) was observed, the mean percent change was 23.24%, its impact was observed in all METAVIR stages. Of the 72 (60.5%) patients with LSM ≥ 12.5 kPa (cirrhosis) at baseline 23 (32%) proved to have no cirrhosis (≥ 1 decrease in fibrosis stage) at post treatment. Similarly, 19 patients moved to stage F0-F1, 28 patients in F2 and 23 in F3. Overall fibrosis stage was improved (≥ 1 decrease in fibrosis stage) in 46 (38.7%) of 119 patients after 6 months of treatment. Serum fibrosis scores APRI and FIB-4 significantly decreased in comparison to baseline values. APRI values drooped from 1.24 to 0.83. FIB-4 score changed from 3.90 to 2.10.
Conclusion: Our result suggests significant improvement with Silybum marianum in the patients status of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis associated with hepatitis C related chronic liver disease. Silybum marianum shows therapeutic effect in real life setting on the entire aspect of disease, as evaluated with the fibroscan and serum fibrosis score.
Biochemical assessment of risk factors in coronary artery disease patients: An observational study in suburban hospital of Hapur, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Sinha Vivek , Kachhawa Poonam
Published: March 2019

Background: Coronary risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) have become major health problem in Indian subcontinent, despite low fat intake and low rates of obesity. It is a paradox that the increased risk of people of Indian origin to diabetes and CAD is not explained by conventional risk factors. It is possible that the presence of new risk factors may explain this paradox.
Aims and Objective: The present study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of coronary artery disease and identify & compare some socio-demographic and lifestyle risk factors associated with coronary artery disease in urban and rural populations of Hapur.
Materials and Methods: It’s a community based study in which 350 adults each were randomly selected from urban and rural populations of Hapur using modified cluster sampling method. Selected individuals were examined. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSSversion16 for windows version 8.1. Several published epidemiological and case-controlled studies are reviewed. The prevalence of hypertension (3.2%), diabetes (2.6%) and CAD (3.2%) is very low in the rural population of India. However, in urban and immigrant populations, the prevalence of hypertension (≥160/95, 12–20%), diabetes (6–8%) and CAD (7–14%) is significantly higher than in the developed countries.
Result: Out of 350 patients of CAD included in study, 133(38%) were females and 217(62%) were males. Among those 54(15.4%) were below 45 years of age and 296(84.6%) were equal to and above 45 years of age. Risk factors like gender prevalence, family history of IHD, lifestyle, triglycerides level, HDL level, BMI and smokingwere not significantly associated with different age groups(p-value >0.05). While HTN, DM, stress, LDL level and cholesterol were found to be significantly associated with age ≥45 years.
Conclusions: These studies support the consensus that people of urban origin wherever they are settled should have lower desirable limits of serum cholesterol, body mass index and dietary fat intake and should also decrease new risk factors for preventionof CAD. This finding may require modification of the existing guidelines of the International Task Force for Prevention of CAD.
Comparative analysis of indices of the metabolic syndrome in patients with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease at a teaching hospital in Nnewi, South-East, Nigeria
Authors: Chukwurah Nneka S. , Okonkwo Uchenna C. , Ihekwaba Anele E.
Published: March 2019

Background: Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a worldwide health concern with increase in the global incidence of obesity and it is now considered the hepatic component of the metabolic syndrome.
Aims and Objective: The study’s aim was to compare the indices of the metabolic syndrome in compensated chronic liver disease patients with and without NAFLD at NAUTH, Nnewi.
Materials and Methods: A total of 136 consecutive patients with compensated chronic liver disease were recruited into the study. A structured questionnaire was administered to obtain relevant socio-demographic data. NAFLD was diagnosed based on clinical, biochemical, ultrasonographic and in a few histological features. The Adult Treatment Panel III criteria were used to identify patients with the metabolic syndrome.
Results: Of the 136 participants recruited into the study, 52 (38.2%) fulfilled 2 or more diagnostic criteria for NAFLD with a male: female ratio of 1:1.36. The mean (SD) age of persons with NAFLD was 45.12 (±8.07) years compared to 47.49(±11.79) years for persons without NAFLD. The difference was not statistically significant (p=0.2). Body mass index (BMI), central obesity (waist circumference), fasting blood sugar, blood pressure, total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly higher in the NAFLD group (p= <0.05) respectively.
Conclusion: Indices of the metabolic syndrome were more prevalent in persons with NAFLD. It is recommended that patients with NAFLD be screened for metabolic syndrome and appropriate therapy instituted to decrease the risk of both hepatic and cardiovascular complications.
Retrospectively analysis of Pathological features of 1047 cases of Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Xing Zhao , Gang Zhang
Published: March 2019

Background: In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer is on the rise, almost become one of the fastest-growing malignant tumor, especially in women. The reasons of the incidence of thyroid, is not only the use of detection means. The relationship between clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of thyroid is controversial.
Aims and Objective: One thousand forty seven cases of thyroid nodule (thyroid nodules, TN) were retrospectively analyzed, to study the distribution of TN and its clinical pathological features.
Materials and Methods: Clinicopathological data of 1047 cases TN were retrospectively studied, from Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital and (10.2017 to 08.2018) Chengde County Hospital (01. 2016 to 08.2018), χ2 test is used to analyze the relationship between clinical pathologic factors and lymph node.
Results: In 1047 cases of TN, nodular goiter 50.62%, Hashimo-to’s thyroiditis 3.34%, thyroid carcinomas 32.28%,thyroid adenoma 10.12%, toxic nodular goiter 0.29%. The lymph node metastasis positive rate washigher in <45 years of age and tumor diameter >1 cm of the thyroid carcinoma patients. Gender, whether single had no relation with occurrence of neck lymph node metastasis.
Conclusion: The lymph node metastasis positive rate is higher in <45 years of age and tumor diameter greater than 1 cm of the thyroid carcinoma patients.
Screening of Hemoglobin A1c in Gestational Diabetes among women attending metabolic clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Sinha Vivek , Kachhawa Poonam
Published: March 2019

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common medical condition that complicates pregnancies..Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a diabetic metabolic disorder that occurs in 4% of all pregnant women and 14% of ethnic groups with more prevalence of type II diabetes. It can be defined as increased or abnormal insulin resistance, decreased insulin sensitivity or glucose intolerance with first diagnosis during pregnancy.
Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic screening value of the HbA1c, prevalence of GDM and associated risk factors.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the metabolic clinic; in the department of Biochemistry located at SIMS, Hapur. A semi-structured pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. Following the DIPSI guidelines, patients with plasma glucose values >140 mg/dl were labeled as GDM. Statistical methods used were OR (CI95%), percentage, Chi square.
Results:
Out of 500, 6.72% had GDM. Among all GDM patients, 64.71% had age more than 30 years, 70.59% had BMI more than 25, 41.18% had gravida more than 3 and p- value was significant with regard to age and BMI. P value was found to be significant for risk factors namely positive family history of Diabetes Mellitus, history of big baby and presence of more than one risk factor.
Conclusion: GDM is associated with high BMI, early pregnancy loss, family history of DM and previous history of big baby and there could be more than one risk factor. Thus universal screening followed by close monitoring of the pregnant women for early detection of GDM may help improving maternal and fetal outcomes.
Parkinsonism following basal ganglia infarction in Dengue fever
Authors: Manappallil Robin George , Kumar V.G. Pradeep , Rao K.S. Apurva
Published: March 2019

Dengue fever is an acute febrile viral illness characterized by severe headache, myalgia, arthralgia, rashes, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. Patients may face haemorrhagic complications like gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial haemorrhage, menorrhagia, hematomas, hematuria and massive epistaxis. Ischemic stroke in dengue fever is a rare scenario; and Parkinsonism following basal ganglia infarction in dengue fever, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported yet.
Vesicocervical Fistula Post Emergency Repeat Caesarean Delivery
Authors: Poudel Rekha , Dangal Ganesh , Karki Aruna , Pradhan Hema , Shrestha Ranjana , Bhattachan Kabin , Bajracharya Nishma , Tiwari Kenusha Devi
Published: March 2019

Urogenital fistula is an abnormal communication between the urinary tract and genital tract at different levels, vesicocervical fistula being rare. It has been the consequence of poor obstetric care in developing world and iatrogenic following gynecologic surgeries in developed world. Diagnosis is mainly done by clinical examination, conventional dye test with methylene blue and imaging studies and cystoscopy, if required. Though prevention is better than cure, early detection followed by transurethral bladder drainage and surgical correction via vaginal or abdominal approach is the mainstay of treatment. A 30 years postnatal mother was referred to our centre with complaints of continuous involuntary leakage of urine per vaginum following emergency repeat caesarean delivery done six weeks back. There was pooling of urine over Sim’s speculum and dye test was positive. Under spinal anesthesia, vesicocervical fistula was repaired vaginally and patient was kept on Foley’s catheter for three weeks. Dye test performed at the end was negative. She went home dry and continent. We present here a rare case of successful repair of vesicocervial fistula post emergency repeat caesarean delivery.
Primary Menouria due to Congenital Urethrovaginal Fistula with Vaginal Agenesis
Authors: Razak Lubna , Mohsin Raheela
Published: March 2019

Congenital Urethrovaginal fistula with vaginal agenesis is a rare variant of vaginal agenesis. It  is difficult to diagnose, classify and treat because of late clinical presentation at menarche. Management is usually challenging, and it involves vaginal reconstruction.
A 22 years female presented with cyclical menouria since age of 12 years. Clinical examination revealed the absence of a vagina with developed secondary sexual characters such as axillary and pubic hair, breast development. Abdominal USG showed normal uterus and ovaries, urinary bladder with left kidney. MRI revealed functioning left kidney along with vaginal agenesis and an abnormal communication between uterus and urethra. The surgical treatment consisted in repairing the urethrovaginal fistula and vaginoplasty.
In this case, the diagnosis of congenital urethrovaginal fistula was delayed until adulthood because of vaginal agenesis. A concomitant surgery can be performed with good outcome.
Vesicovaginal Fistula After Fourteen Years of Pelvic Radiation
Authors: Tiwari Kenusha Devi , Karki Aruna , Dangal Ganesh , Pradhan Hema , Shrestha Ranjana , Bhattachan Kabin , Poudel Rekha , Bajracharya Nishma
Published: March 2019

Radiation therapy is an effective treatment for cervical cancer. However, of various complications, irradiation sometimes can cause formation of fistula between vagina and bladder and or rectum compromising the quality of life. Pelvic radiation is the primary cause of delayed vesicovaginal fistula with incidence of 13% in well-resourced countries and 0.2% in low resourced countries. Majority of them become apparent 1.5-2 years after completion of radiotherapy and can occur even up-to 20-30 years after the original insult. A 63 years’ female visited our outpatient department for involuntary loss of urine per vagina for 1.5 years. She had undergone radical hysterectomy and radiotherapy 16 years ago for an advanced cervical carcinoma. With positive dye test, she had vesicovaginal fistula with Goh classification of 1biii. She underwent simple fistula repair via vaginal approach. After three weeks of catheterization, successful closure was achieved.
Using The Global Obstetric Fistula Electronic Registry to Digitalize Patient Records in Kathmandu Model Hospital
Authors: Pradhan Hema Kumari , Dangal Ganesh , Karki Aruna , Shrestha Ranjan , Bhattachan Kabin , Poudel Rekha , Bajracharya Nishma , Tiwari Kenusha Devi , Cochran Seth , Michaelson Bryony
Published: March 2019

Aim: The aim of the study was to collect and digitalize data of patients who underwent fistula repair at Kathmandu Model Hospital. Once data were collected, a Tableau dashboard was built to visualize the collected data and to share key insights.
Methods: Operation Fistula built a digital version of Kathmandu Model Hospital’s Surgery Log, using a mobile data collection tool (CommCare). Researchers were trained on the data collection tool and provided with an electronic tablet device which hosted the application. Kathmandu Model Hospital then proceeded to input patient records, meanwhile providing Operation Fistula with key feedback to continue improving this process.
Results: The results of this process have been threefold: facilitation of data collection, creation of an accurate database and provision of clear insights with access to data visualization dashboards.
Conclusions: This study has shown the benefits of digitizing historical patient records using Operation Fistula’s Global Obstetric Fistula Electronic Registry (GOFER) platform. By creating an online database, this has the potential to be used for future academic research.
Obstetric Fistula: Existing Challenge of Developing Countries
Authors: Kattel Pramod
Published: March 2019

Developing countries are the home ground of obstetric fistula. It is usually the result of injury following childbirth or its consequences. The most common type of obstetric fistula is vesico-vaginal. Neglected obstructed labour is considered as the major etiology. Persistent leakage of urine is the most common presentation. It usually develops 3 to 14 days following childbirth. It degrades the quality of life of females. It may lead to medical, social, economic and psychological effects on reproductive age females. It is the marker to determine the quality of health system of any country. Proper use of partograph and timely intervention decreases its prevalence. History, examination and dye test are usually taken as main diagnostic tools in resource poor settings. It is a treatable condition at usual times. Social awareness regarding fistula is the need of developing countries. Drink, Dry and Drain are the key parameters of fistula repair success. Social rehabilitation following surgical repair is of prime importance.