bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Right to Education of Refugee Children in Kenya
Authors: Nanima Robert Doya
Published: December 2024

There is a growing standard for the protection of migrants on the global and regional scene. As refugees, children from areas of armed conflict form a vulnerable group that requires close attention. With an emphasis on the right to education, this contribution interrogates the sufficiency of Kenya's legal regime in offering practical safeguards to refugee children as victims of human rights abuses in the host state. First, this study evaluates the position of international and regional law on the protection of refugee children. Secondly, it evaluates Kenya's legislative and policy regime as well as its practices with regard to the education of refugee children. Proposals for reform are made in concluding the paper.
Assessment of Reproductive Dynamics and Production Efficiency among Communal Sheep Flocks in the Free State Province, South Africa: A Comparative Study
Authors: Strauss A.J. , Swanepoel J.W. , Cloete J.J.E.
Published: December 2024

Sheep farming plays a significant role in generating economic opportunities and employment on a global scale. It is a vital support system for rural economies, mainly where agricultural alternatives are scarce, like farmers living in arid and semiarid areas. This article aims to investigate and promote sustainable communal sheep farming practices and examine the significance of the weaning percentage and how it determines the communal wool industry's success, economic viability, and sustainability. Additionally, the article will address the challenges these farmers face in sweet-, sour- and mixed grass veld types. Furthermore, the article will explore the impact of lambing seasons and flock structures on ewe productivity and identify strategies to mitigate adverse effects in communal sheep flocks. Lastly, the article will discuss management practices in sheep production systems, considering their economic and environmental sustainability. The mean weaning percentage, a critical indicator of reproductive success and productivity, was 48.78%, reflecting substantial dispersion within a sample population of 9 603 sheep across 351 farmers' interviews. Pure breeding exhibits a 5.6% higher weaning percentage than crossbreeding. In cases where there was inbreeding, the weaning percentage was 11.3% lower than that of flocks using unrelated rams. Statistical analysis further underscores the substantial influence (p<0.001) of consistent dissemination of production and reproduction technical information, facilitated through governmental initiatives and stakeholder engagements, in driving these improvements. Best sheep and health management practices are paramount for enhancing the weaning percentage of sheep flocks. The quality of grazing and the utilisation of well-adapted breeding stock are pivotal factors. Statistical analysis reveals a significant impact (p<0.05) of rotational grazing with a herding effect (extensive grazing) compared to free grazing (continuous grazing) with minimal management. Integrating labourers into communal sheep enterprises profoundly influences various operations, notably sheep herding, where they safeguard animals, identify health issues, and guide flock movements to optimal grazing areas, enhancing nutrition and weaning percentages.
Sustainability of New Generation Commercial Farmers in South Africa: A North-West Province Case Study
Authors: Van Niekerk J.A. , Venter P. , Van Der Watt E.
Published: December 2024

In this study, factors hindering emerging farmers in South Africa from farming sustainably were explored from the perspectives of emerging farmers, commercial farmers, and industry experts. In addition, industry experts gave actionable recommendations on what can be done to counteract the problems faced. A mixed-methods research approach was followed, with data obtained via questionnaires and Logistical Framework Analysis. The farmers and industry experts identified several factors hampering emerging farmers' economic, environmental and social sustainability. Among these factors were difficulty accessing finance, lack of extension officer support, low profitability, not implementing sustainable agricultural practices, not supporting local communities, and a lack of social entrepreneurship. Industry experts put forth numerous actionable recommendations to improve emerging farmers' social, environmental and economic sustainability. Recommendations included, among other things, acquiring crop insurance, sharing machinery, owning title deeds, using subject-specific advice, mentoring and succession planning, and government policies to enhance female participation in agriculture.
Analysis of Climate Change Knowledge and Capacity Needs of Rural Women Farmers in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ifeanyi-obi C. , Henri-Ukoha A. , Familusi L.C.
Published: December 2024

The study analysed climate change knowledge and capacity needs of rural women crop farmers in Southern Nigeria. Data was collected from 420 women farmers selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure using a questionnaire, interview schedule and key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics, Analysis of Variance and Ordered Probit Regression analysis were used to analyse the data collected. Knowledge of the management of resistant crop varieties (X̄ = 3.48), use of improved farming technologies (X̄ = 3.48) and access to credit facilities for adaptation purposes (X̄ = 3.46) were the major areas of knowledge and capacity needs of the rural women farmers. Marital status, educational level, and access to credit influenced rural women farmers' knowledge and capacity needs. Results further showed a significant difference in the knowledge and capacity needs of rural women farmers across the six states of southern Nigeria used for the study. Climate change intervention programmes and policies in Nigeria need to take cognisance of some socioeconomic characteristics of rural women farmers that influenced their knowledge and capacity needs, as these could provide deeper insight into developing a more impactful intervention programme and policy.
Agricultural Extension Practitioners' Use of Information Communication Tools in the Capricorn District, Limpopo, South Africa: A Perception Study
Authors: Afful D.B. , Mabena P.P.
Published: December 2024

Perception is a critical concept in innovation adoption. Reports from the Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural Development indicate that agricultural extension practitioners (AEPs) do not use the full complement of Information, Communication and Technologies (ICTs) made available for their extension work. This can compromise the effectiveness of extension service delivery to farmers. This study applied the Düvel adoption behaviour analysis framework to help understand the AEPs' perceptions and use of ICTs made available to them for their work. Using a self-administered questionnaire and adopting a census approach, data was collected from the AEPs in two local municipalities of the Capricorn district. Data was analysed by descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that most AEPs have a favourable perception of the ICTs made available to them for their work. Furthermore, the study found factors that are incompatible with the present situation of AEPs that constrain the use of all the ICTs. These findings have important implications for delivering effective extension services to farmers.   The study results also show that the Düvel behaviour analysis framework consistently yields results congruent with theoretical expectations. This enriches the extension theory. To solve incompatibility challenges, recommendations are made based on the findings.
A comparison between different selection indexes for milk and udder health traits on Holstein-Friesian cows in Egypt
Authors: Khattab Adel Salah , Salem Ahmed Hamed , Kassab Manal , Tőzsér János , Gabr Ahmed Amr
Published: December 2024

A total of 937 normal lactation records of Holstein-Friesian cows, kept at Sakha Farm, belonging to Animal Research Institute Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt during the period from 2012 to 2017 were used to estimate phenotypic and genetic parameters for 305-day milk yield (MY10), lactation length (LL), fat percent (F%) and somatic cell count (SCC). Data were analyzed using Multiple Trait Derivate Free Restricted Maximum Likelihood (MTDFREML, Boldman et al. 1995). Means of MY10, LL, F% and SCC were 3558 kg, 301 d, 3.7% and 536x10-3, respectively. Month and year of parturition and parity had a significant effect on all most traits studied. Heritability estimates for MY10, LL, F% and SCC were 0.61±0.14, 0.16±0.07, 0.40±0.07 and 0.03±0.07, respectively. Eleven selection indexes were constructed. Index I1 incorporating the four traits was the best (RIH= 0.97). It is recommended for selection cows for milk traits and less somatic cell count.
A szarvasmarha hizlalás eredményeinek bemutatása egy nagyüzemben
Authors: Kiss Martin , Holló Gabriella
Published: December 2024

A szerzők, a nagyüzemi, intenzív marhahizlalás fontosabb mutatószámait értékelték különböző fajtájú hízóbikák hizlalási teljesítménye alapján. A vizsgálatban, öt fajta 551 egyedének 2019-2020. évi adatait (szimmentáli: 236, limousin: 115, charolais: 94, angus 77:, blonde d’aquitaine: 29) dolgozták fel. A telepre a legfiatalabb életkorban az angus bikák kerültek, míg a beállítási életkor alapján a legidősebb állatok a charolais fajtájúak voltak. A legkisebb élősúllyal az angus bikák (217 kg) kerültek hizlalásba, míg a legnagyobb élősúllyal (245 kg) a blonde d’aquitaine bikák. A hizlalási végsúly 343-365 kg között változott. A hizlalás alatti súlygyarapodás a charolais fajtánál (1731g/nap), míg az életnapi súlygyarapodás a szimmentáli fajtánál (1215 g/nap) volt a legkedvezőbb. Az izmoltsági minősítés alapján az angus, és a blonde d’aquitaine bikák az R kategóriából U kategóriába kerültek át a hizlalás végére, míg a charolais és limousine bikák döntő része U-ból E kategóriába. A szimmentáli bikák izmoltsága R minősítésű maradt, de döntő részük átminősült a kedvezőbb R+ alkategóriába. Azonos beállítási élősúly esetén a 10 hónapnál fiatalabb hízóbikák súlygyarapodása szignifikánsan kisebb volt a későbbi életkorban (10 hónapnál idősebb) vásárolt bikák súlygyarapodásánál.
Evaluation of the genomic scores of Limousin candidate bulls by cluster analysis
Authors: Tőzsér János , Fazekas Natasa , Szűcs Márton
Published: December 2024

The production of purebred Limousin candidate bulls (n = 40) were analysed between 2018-2020. Candidate bulls were kept in small groups (2-9) at the test station, fed with meadow hay, alfalfa ad libitum and dosed fodder. Traits studied were the following: finishing live weight, daily weight gain during the test (g/day) and and genomic scores (GS) for 8 traits (ex: easy calving, vigor of growth, musculatity, score). Data was analysed by SPSS 24.0 software package (K-means cluster analysis). The animals grouped into the first cluster (n=5) showed high growth capacity and excellent growth intensity with good frame size, but at the same time with slightly less favorable bone fineness. The frame size of the individuals belonging to the second and third groups (n=19, n=16) is not outstanding, however, their bone fineness is remarkable. Applying of the K-means cluster analysis can provide the breeders fast and useful information.
A Camargue szarvasmarha- és lófajták szerepe és jelentősége Franciaországban
Authors: Abayné Hamar Enikő , Tóthné Maros Katalin , Tőzsér János
Published: December 2024

Franciaországban, a Camargue vidéke, kulturális és állattenyésztési hagyományőrzés szempontjából, különleges térségnek számít, többek között azért, mert itt tartják a camargue szarvasmarhát és lovat. A Camargue a Földközi-tengerbe torkolló Rhône folyó két ágának deltavidékén, Franciaország déli részén található. Éghajlata mediterrán, hűvös, csapadékos telek és forró, száraz nyarak jellemzik. A Camargue táj arculatát alapvetően a víz határozza meg. Bemutatjuk a két faj származási helyét és tenyészterületét, hasznosításukat és jelen társadalmunkban betöltött szerepüket. Röviden taglaljuk a kutatási eredményeket is. Az itt folyó szakmai, kulturális és társadalmi munka példa lehet az adott térségben meglévő értékek megőrzésére és hasznosítására.
Growth dynamics of young fattened bulls measured by non-stress methods at the commercial feedlot
Authors: Jeník David , Kopec Tomas , Chládek Gustac , Falta Daniel
Published: December 2024

The experiment aimed to evaluate the growth ability of Czech Fleckvieh Simmental bulls at the beginning of fattening in the conditions of a modern commercial stable on a private farm. A total of 40 bulls were included in the experiment, which were moved to the stable at the age of 2 months, and the measurements were carried out up to 8 months of age. The bulls were measured at regular intervals of 14 days using a device that eliminates the stress of the animals and thereby increases their welfare. The measurement was carried out using a non-stress device, the live weight of the animals and the withers height were recorded. The net weight gain was determined from the measured data, which reached an average of 1.14 kg/day during the entire experiment. In addition, the growth curve was evaluated using the measured values of live weight and height at withers. The animals at 60 days had an average weight of 106 kg and a height at withers of 86.3 cm. At 120 days, the average weight was 167.3 kg and the height was 95.3 cm. At the age of 210 days, the average weight of the bulls was 283.6 kg and the height was 109.7 cm. The correlation coefficients between measured live weight and height at withers was 0.94 (p<0.05) and between live weight and daily weight gain was 0.35 (p<0.05).
Somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts in goat milk
Authors: Kuchtík Jan , Šustová Květoslava , Kalhotka Libor , Filipčík Radek , Konečná Leona , Kopec Tomáš
Published: December 2024

The main aim of our study was to evaluate the somatic cell count (SCC) and the total bacterial count (TBC) in the raw goat's milk immediately after milking. The study was carried out in seven goats of the Brown Short-haired (BSH) breed during the whole lactation. An integral part of our study was to evaluate the effect of the stage of lactation (SL) on the daily milk yield (DMY), basic milk components (contents of fat, total protein and lactose), and pH of milk and relationships between all monitored indicators. All monitored goats were in the second lactation and throughout the study, all these goats were clinically healthy. Individual milk recording and sampling of each goat were carried out on the mean 64, 109, 146, 181 and 218 day of lactation. During milk recording and sampling all monitored goats were milked by hand. During lactation, the mean values of Log SCC ranged from 3.68 to 7.16 and the mean values of Log TBC from 5.30 to 9.49, whilst the SL had a significant (p ≤ 0.01) influence on both of these indicators. Both the Log SCC and the Log TBC had a significant (p ≤ 0.01) correlation only with the content of lactose, whilst both of these correlation were negative. However, the correlation between the Log SCC and the Log TBC was significanly (p ≤ 0.05) positive. Regarding the effect of the SL on all other monitored traits, this factor had a significant (p ≤ 0.01) effect on the DMY and contents of all basic milk components. Nevertheless, the SL had no significant effect on pH. Despite the fact that the SL had a significant (p ≤ 0.01) effect on the fat and protein contents, in general it can be stated that their contents were quite variable. On the other hand the contents of lactose gradually decreased during lactation. In conclusion, it can be stated that the results of our study suggest that the content of lactose may be a good predictor of both the SCC and the TBC and that when the SCCs increase the TBCs also increase and vice versa.
Marhalegelők vegetációjának vizsgálata az Ipoly-völgy homoki gyepeiben
Authors: Penksza Károly , Turcsányi-Járdi Ildikó , Fűrész Attila , Saláta-Falusi Eszter
Published: December 2024

Az Ipoly-völgy két marhalegelőjének vegetációját vizsgáltuk, amelyek közül az egyik charolais (húsmarha), a másik mintaterület pedig magyar szürke szarvasmarha legelő volt. Mindkét területen két vegetáció típust elemeztünk. A charolais legelőt 2000 előtt kaszálták. Itt egy savanyú homoki vegetáció és egy mélyebben fekvő üde és szárazabb foltokkal tarkított, Elymus repens-szel dominált gyepterületet elemeztünk. A magyar szürke szarvasmarha legelőn is két növényzeti típust, egy kisebb legeltetési nyomás alatt lévő szárazabb sztyeprétet és egy erősen igénybe vett, pihenőhelyként is szolgáló degradált sztyeprét felvételeit készítettük el. A zavarástűrő fajok, ha eltérő mértékben is, de minden mintaterületen domináltak. A legalacsonyabb arány a magyar szürke szarvasmarha legelő kisebb legeltetési nyomás alatt álló kvadrátjaiban volt megfigyelhető. A természetközeli élőhelyet jelző fajok mennyisége is itt volt a legnagyobb, és a legtöbb védett faj is ezekben a mintanégyzetekben fordult elő. A reletív víz- és nitrogénjelző növényfajok közül a magasabb értékekhez tartozó fajok mennyisége a volt kaszáló Elymus repens dominálta területén jelentek meg, ami nagyobb terhelést jelent a víz és nitogén mennyiségében is. A fajok Pignatti-féle életforma típusok megoszlása alapján jól jelzik a különböző intenzitású legeltetési nyomást. A tőlevélrózsás (rozettás) fajok mennyisége a legeltetés indikátoraként minden mintaterületen jelentős volt. Szintén ajelentősebb legeltetési nyomást jelző, kúszó szárú (indás, tarackoló) fajok mennyisége is kiemelkedő volt, a legnagyobb arányukat pedig a legnagyobb legeltetési nyomásnak kitett pihenőhelyen jegyeztük fel. A felvételek alapján a charolais legelőn a savanyú homoki gyep volt érzékenyebb, ahol a legeltetési nyomásra figyelni kell a vegetáció jellegének megőrzése érdekében. A charolais legelő üdébb területén a kaszálás utáni legeltetés kedvezett a természetes vegetációra jellemző fajok megjelenésének. A jelen adatok alapján a természetes vegetáció fenntartásában a legkedvezőbbnek a magyar szürke szarvasmarhával, kis legeltetési nyomás alatt történt legeltetésű mintaterület bizonyult.
Új lehetőség az állattartó épületek levegőjének tisztítására
Authors: Póti Péter , Vertséné Zándoki Rita , Kosztolányiné Szentléleki Andrea , Baschán Árpád , Pajor Ferenc
Published: December 2024

Az istállólevegő számos, az állatok és gondozóik számára káros hatással bíró anyagot tartalmazhat (gázok, por, mikroorganizmusok, vírusok). A legkisebb méretű (<2,5 μm) szálló porrészecskék a mélyebb légutakba is bejutnak, magukkal szállítva a felületükön megtapadt kórokozókat is.
Megfelelő termelési mutatókat csak egészséges állományokban várhatunk, az istállólevegő tisztasága pedig jelentős hatással bír az egészségi állapotra és az állatjóllétre. Járványos betegségek (pl. afrikai sertéspestis, baromfiinfluenza) rendszeresen nehéz helyzet elé állítják a tenyésztőket. Az istállóklíma a dolgozók egészségére, közérzetére is hatást gyakorol.
A szerzők célja egy innovatív technológia bemutatása zárt tartástechnológiák levegőjének tisztítására. A MESP technológia (mikroelektrosztatikus kicsapatás) során elektromos mezőjű, szigetelt szűrő kerül alkalmazásra, amely hatékonyan távolítja el a port, gombákat, pollent, kormot, füstöt, és jól hatástalanítja a vírusokat, baktériumokat. Állattartó telepeken, istállókban a technológia még nem került alkalmazásra. Üzemelése során szinte nincs hulladékképződés: a szűrő mosás után azonnal újra használható hatékonyságvesztés nélkül, így a szűrők tervezett élettartama 10 év is lehet. Az ózonképződés gyakorlatilag elhanyagolható. Elektromos ív és szikraképződés, illetve áramütésveszély nincs. Mikrobiális szennyeződéskockázat nem alakul ki. Energiafogyasztása alacsony. Széles hőmérséklet- és páratartományban alkalmazható (-15 ℃ - 50 ℃, akár 100%-os páratartalom).
A semlegesítőképesség vizsgálat során vírusok tekintetében 96,84 - 99,99, baktérium esetén >99,99 %-os hatékonyságot eredményez. A MESP módszer kiváló megoldást jelenthet a zárt tartástechnológiában élő állatállományok járványos megbetegedésektől való megvédésére.
Klímaváltozás hatása a házi tyúk reproduktív rendszerére
Authors: Tokodyné Szabadi Nikolett , Tóth Roland , Lázár Bence , Várkonyi Eszter , Liptói Krisztina , Tokody Dániel , Ady László , Gócza Elen
Published: December 2024

A klímaváltozás hatására megemelkedett középhőmérséklethez, illetve a szélsőséges nyarakhoz való alkalmazkodás képessége nélkülözhetetlen háziállataink számára. A fenntartható mezőgazdaság egyik fontos eleme, hogy háziállataink képesek legyenek tolerálni a megemelkedett környezeti hőmérsékletet.
A megtermékenyített erdélyi kopasznyakú tyúktojásokat a Nemzeti Biodiverzitás- és Génmegőrzési Központ - Haszonállat-génmegőrzési Intézetből (NBGK-HGI) gyűjtöttük. A megtermékenyített tojásokat kezelések szerint három csoportba sorolt házi tyúkoktól gyűjtöttük. Az első, a (C) kontroll csoport, amik normál körülmények között nőttek fel. A második csoportot (heat treatmant and heat stressed – HTHS) 2 napos korban 12 órán keresztül hőkondícionáltuk (38,5 oC) majd 23 hetes korukban hőstresszeltük (30 oC) 12 héten át. A harmadik csoportot (heat stressed – HS) csak hőstresszeltük 30 oC-on való tartással szintén 12 hétig.
Kutatásunk során elsőként szaporodási paramétereket és az embriófejlődés sikerességét vizsgáltuk.
A biotechnológia területén régóta várt cél a madár embriókból izolált őssejtvonalak létrehozása. Csoportunk 26 primordiális csírasejt (Primordial germ cell – PGC) vonalat hozott létre, amelyek hőkezelt és nem kezelt tyúkok tojásában fejlődött embriókból származnak. Ezen PGC vonalak használatával csoportunk megvizsgálhatja a hőstressz hatását a hőkezelt csirkék utód generációjában.
Ezekben a primordiális ivarsejt tenyészetekben a mikroRNS-ek (miRNS) expressziós szintjének változása volt kimutatható. A miRNS-ek közül a miR-138-nak tulajdonítanak nagyobb szerepet. A PGC minták vizsgálata során azt találtuk, hogy a miR-138 expresszió a HTHS csoportból származó PGC-kben magasabb volt, mint a kontroll csoportban.
Tehát a létrehozott PGC vonalakkal lehetőségünk van jellemezni a hőkezelés és a hőstressz hatását házi tyúkban.
O Templo Também É Lugar de Fazer Política: Um Estudo a Partir das Caravanas “Juventude Pelo Brasil” Durante as Eleições de 2022
Authors: Barros Joilson , Tavares Camilla Quesada
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho trata de um estudo de casos múltiplos cujo objetivo é compreender como o então candidato à reeleição, Jair Bolsonaro (Partido Liberal), é apresentado em atos eleitorais realizados dentro de igrejas evangélicas durante o segundo turno das eleições presidenciais de 2022. Para tanto, esta pesquisa analisou três eventos da turnê do influenciador e deputado federal Nikolas Ferreira, chamados de caravanas “Juventude Pelo Brasil”. O objetivo era conquistar mais votos dos nordestinos no segundo turno em favor de Bolsonaro, que ficou atrás de seu principal adversário, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (Partido dos Trabalhadores), em todos os estados da região na primeira parte da disputa. A partir da análise das caravanas realizadas em diferentes cidades nordestinas, questionamos também se houve discursos desinformativos durante as caravanas e com que propósitos. Para este trabalho, foram analisadas as falas proferidas por Nikolas Ferreira durante os eventos que aconteceram em Imperatriz (Maranhão), Fortaleza (Ceará) e Salvador (Bahia) em outubro de 2022. Essas caravanas foram integralmente transmitidas pelo YouTube, por meio do qual tivemos acesso ao conteúdo. Cada fala de Ferreira contém entre 21 e 31 minutos. Para a análise, utilizamos o método qualitativo descritivo de análise de conteúdo, a partir dos vídeos disponibilizados na plataforma supracitada. Os resultados indicam que a principal estratégia na construção da imagem de Bolsonaro em igrejas evangélicas se deu a partir da desconstrução da imagem de adversários políticos, na qual a eleição foi tratada como um confronto ideológico, onde Bolsonaro foi apresentado como a figura central da luta contra o que era percebido como um mal maior. Além disso, Ferreira, em busca de mobilizar seus eleitores, instrumentaliza a Bíblia, transformando o ato de votar em uma cruzada moral, sugerindo que votar em outro candidato seria ir contra os princípios religiosos, o que contribui para disseminar desinformação em relação a esses temas.
Küresel Isınma Tedbirleri Kapsamında Sanat Müzelerinin Pozisyonları ve Tepkileri
Authors: Olgun Behçet Behiç
Published: December 2024

Yüzyıllar boyunca iklimsel dengenin ivmelenmesinin sonucunda canlılar için yerleşiklik kazanan özgün yaşam koşulları söz konusu olmuştur. Doğal dengeyi oluşturan koşullar, özellikle Sanayi Devrimi’nden sonra insanın doğa üzerindeki etkinliğinin artmasıyla insan kaynaklı dinamiklerden daha fazla etkilenerek şekillenmiştir. Günümüzde büyüyen endüstriyel alanlar, enerji için başvurulan fosil yakıtların kullanımını artırmıştır. Konuyla ilgili bu unsurlara bağlı olarak küresel ısınmanın günlük yaşamda hissedilmeye başlanan etkileri tedbirleri kurumsal, toplumsal ve bireysel ölçeklere kadar indirgemiştir. Bu denklemin kurumsal sekmesinde yer alan sanat müzelerinin pozisyonları ve tepkileri de son yıllardaki gelişmeler neticesinde önemli hale gelmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, dünyadaki iklim değişimi temelli eylemlerin sembolik mekanlarından biri haline gelen sanat müzelerinin küresel ısınmaya yönelik tepkilerini örnekler üzerinden incelemek ve pozisyonlarını seçik sanat müzeleri üzerinden netleştirmek olarak belirlenmiştir. Küresel ısınma kavramının, sanat müzelerinin perspektifinden pozisyon ve tedbir odaklı incelenmesi, çalışmanın özgün odağını teşkil etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda sanat müzelerinin rolünün netleştirilmesi, müzecilik alanında alınabilecek tedbir yöntemlerini öne çıkararak çoklu bir refleks modeli sunmaktadır. Çalışmada incelenen sanat müzelerinin, küresel ısınma tedbirleri kapsamındaki pozisyonlarının ve tepkilerinin yapısal şartlara göre geliştiği ve değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Sanat müzelerinin idari, mekansal ve çevresel şartlarının tedbir yöntemlerinin ağırlık dağılımını etkilediği saptanmıştır. Konuyla ilintili ulusal ve uluslararası yazınlar analiz edilerek, bu doğrultudaki çıkarımlar bilimsel verilerle değerlendirilmiştir. Makale, sanat müzelerinin küresel ısınma konusundaki pozisyonlarını ve tedbirlere yönelik atılımlarını kapsayan yanlarıyla benzer türdeki çalışmalara çıkış noktaları sağlayabilecek nitelikler taşımaktadır.
Workflow for Cleaning, Standardization, and Publication Biodiversity Data v1
Authors: Paulo Alves de Sousa Marcos , Nathan Lopes Maues Pinheiro Nelson , Hassan Khalid Ali
Published: December 2024

This workflow provides a structured approach for processing biodiversity data to ensure quality, consistency, and global accessibility. It begins with data preparation, extracting biodiversity records from Excel spreadsheets or CSV files, identifying and resolving missing, duplicate, or improperly formatted entries. Taxonomic cleaning utilizes Pytaxon, a Python-based tool, to verify and correct taxonomic names using reliable databases like Catalogue of Life and GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Geographical cleaning follows, validating coordinates against Darwin Core (DwC) standards and correcting errors such as swapped latitudes and longitudes. Data standardization organizes fields to meet DwC requirements, ensuring interoperability across platforms. Integration into Specify involves importing validated and standardized datasets into its database, enabling robust data management. Finally, the workflow concludes with publication on GBIF via the Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT), making the data globally accessible. This semi-automated approach ensures high-quality biodiversity data for research, conservation, and informed decision-making on a global scale.
The role of high-dose methotrexate in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment: multicenter study results of ALL IC-BFM 2002 protocol
Authors: Valiev T. T. , Shervashidze M. A. , Osipova I. V. , Burlutskaya T. I. , Aleskerova G. A. , Yuldasheva S. N. , Sabantsev S. L. , Paina O. V. , Batmanova N. A. , Zubarovskaya L. S. , Kirgizov K. I. , Varfolomeeva S. R.
Published: December 2024

Backround. A progress in Tcell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (TALL) treatment has been achieved in recent years by use a combination of riskadopted chemoradiation therapy, based on highdose (5000 mg/m2) methotrexate. A prerequisite for successful therapy is carefully follow supportive care principles and recommendations, which include blood serum methotrexate concentration monitoring, leucovorin rescue and alkaline solutions use for the best methotrexate elimination and decrease its toxic effects.

Aim. To assess the effectiveness of ALL ICFM 2002 protocol based on highdose methotrexate for Tcell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Materials and methods. From 2003 to 2023 in retroprospective study 67 patients with primary diagnosed TALL were enrolled. Median age was 7.4 years (from 0 to 18 years). All the patients were treated according to riskadopted ALL ICFM 2002 protocol. The therapy efficacy was assessed by overall (OS), eventfree (EFS) and relapsefree survival analysis. The survival rates were calculated with statistic program SSS 21.0 by Kaplan–Meier method.

Results. The use of highdose methotrexate for TALL treatment in ALL ICFM 2002 protocol secure high survival rates: 10‑year OS was 82.5 ± 3 %, EFS – 79.3 ± 3 %. Analyzing OS and EFS depending on prognostic risk group we found that standard risk patients had OS and EFS 85.4 ± 6.9 and 78.4 ± 8 %, intermediate – 85.6 ± 6.7 and 82 ± 7.3 % and highrisk – 34.6 ± 18.3 and 20.8 ± 17.1 % respectively (р >0.05).

Conclusion. ALL ICFM 2002 protocol for TALL includes highdose (5000 mg/m2) methotrexate is an effective for standard and intermediate risk patients, but for TALL patients with unfavorable prognostic factors it is necessary a therapy modification by additional cytotoxic and targeted options (nelarabine and daratumumab) inclusion and widening the indications for allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Nivolumab-containing therapy in patients with newly diagnosed classical Hodgkin lymphoma: own clinical observations and literature review
Authors: Ivanova D. D. , Baryakh E. A. , Mingalimov M. A. , Misyurina E. N. , Polyakov D. S. , Savosina N. A. , Beregov M. M. , Donskoy M. A. , Makeshova A. B. , Tolstykh T. N. , Kochneva O. L. , Kravchuk T. S. , Zhelnova E. I. , Yatskov K. V. , Mnoyan A. Kh. , Grashchenko I. M. , Shevchenko N. A. , Vinokurov A. A. , Samsonova I. V. , Lysenko M. A.
Published: December 2024

Classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cHL) is a lymphoproliferative disease characterized by the presence of Hodgkin anderezovsky–Reed–Sternberg cells and a tumor microenvironment. Currently, much attention is paid to the microenvironment in cLH. A detailed understanding of the interaction between the tumor and its microenvironment opens up prospects for the cHL diagnosis and treatment. Innovative immunotherapeutic agents such as nivolumab make it possible to control and activate the immune response. Despite the high efficiency of standard protocols in young patients, therapy intensification is associated with organ toxicity and the development of secondary malignant neoplasms. At the same time, in elderly patients, the results of generally accepted antitumor treatment protocols should be considered suboptimal. In the last decade, the treatment of refractory cHL has improved significantly due to the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Taking into account the above, the priority issue in modern clinical hematology is to improve cHL treatment strategies not only in elderly but also in young patients by maintaining a balance between high efficacy and low toxicity. Moreover, the inclusion of nivolumab in first-line therapy is not only pathogenetically justified and effective, but also safe. The article presents data from clinical observations of the successful nivolumab use in combination with chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed cHL.
Alonso Ruiz, Begoña. Juan Gil de Hontañón, arquitecto del tardogótico
Authors: Teijeira Pablos María Dolores
Published: December 2024

Reseña del libro de Begoña Alonso Ruiz, Juan Gil de Hontañón, arquitecto del tardogótico (Madrid: CSIC, 2023).
Carl Schmitt y Manuel García-Pelayo: Coincidencias teóricas y existenciales
Authors: Vila Conde Francisco
Published: December 2024

Conocida es la influencia que Carl Schmitt ha ejercido y ejerce sobre no pocos profesores españoles. En concreto, el influjo schmittiano es mayúsculo sobre la generación que padeció el desastre de la guerra civil y continuó su carrera académica en la España de la posguerra. Partiendo de lo anterior, rastreamos en este trabajo la ascendencia de Schmitt en el pensamiento Manuel García-Pelayo. Por lo acotado del espacio, no podemos agotar el tema y, por ende, restringimos el análisis a algunos conceptos e ideas claves de Schmitt que el primer presidente del Tribunal Constitucional hace enteramente suyos. Además de las coincidencias teóricas, García-Pelayo compartió una larga amistad con Carl Schmitt, que perduró por casi medio siglo (1936-‍1985). Ejemplificación de esta amistad son algunas cartas inéditas que reproducimos en el presente texto.
A PRODUÇÃO DE SISAL EM REMÍGIO, CURIMATAÚ OCIDENTAL DA PARAÍBA
Authors: Silveira Sabino Bruna Thalia , De Oliveira Santos João Paulo , Eraldo Souza Araújo José Rayan , Gomes Abreu Khyson , Bonifácio de Araújo Eryadison Flávio , Firmino da Silva Medeiros Lucas , Dias de Medeiros Emília Marcielle , de Melo Silva Ítalo Luis
Published: December 2024

Sisal is a key crop for the production of natural fibers, with Brazil being the world's largest producer of this plant and its cultivation concentrated mainly in the semi-arid region. In Paraíba, this culture has a relevant socioeconomic role in many municipalities. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the production dynamics of sisal in Remígio, in Western Curimataú, a region historically producing this type of fiber in the state. The data for this research were obtained from the Municipal Agricultural Research database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The area destined for sisal harvesting showed strong fluctuations during the period under review, with sharp declines from 2012 onwards. The dry period that started in 2012 resulted in a sharp reduction in the area harvested, the quantity produced and the value of production. The highest yields were observed in 2013 and 2015, when a yield of 900 kilograms of fiber per hectare was obtained. Given the socioeconomic importance of this crop for the municipality under study, actions to restructure this production chain must be taken, thus seeking to achieve better production results and the local strengthening of this segment
QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE IMUNOGLOBULINA ANTI-HBS EM ESTUDANTES DA SAÚDE PREVIAMENTE VACINADOS CONTRA HBV
Authors: Abrahão Trindade de Lima Gabriel , Osorio Cesar Doria Anelise Cristina , Canettieri Antonio Carlos Victor
Published: December 2024

It is estimated that 257 million people worldwide are infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). University students in the health field, due to their academic activities and future professions, are in a high-risk group. Vaccination against the virus is considered the most effective prophylactic method, and the state of immunity is characterized by the presence of immunoglobulin against the virus's surface antigen (HBsAg). This study aimed to assess the immunity status of 20 properly vaccinated undergraduate health students through the comparison of qualitative and quantitative methodologies. This study demonstrated that although all students had completed their vaccination schedules, 12 (60%) did not exhibit protective levels of antibodies, and discrepancies between methodologies indicated that rapid tests should not be used as the sole method for establishing a diagnosis
Potentials of Artificial Intelligence in Assessing Pancreatic Pathology Based on Spiral Computed Tomography Findings
Authors: Sigua Badri V. , Kleymyuk Sofya V. , Zakharov Evgeny A. , Semenova Evgeniya A. , Loginova Diana D. , Zemlyanoy Vyacheslav P.
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence is the study of algorithms that give machines the ability to "reason" and acquire cognitive functions to achieve human–level performance in cognition-related tasks such as, for example, problem solving, object and word recognition, and decision-making. Currently, there are a lot of studies proving that artificial intelligence can not only diagnose diseases on a par with doctors, but also spend much less time on it. Artificial intelligence has entered many areas of medicine, and recently its role has become more significant in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic pathology.
Over the past decade, the number and variation of methods for analyzing medical images has increased significantly due to the development of artificial intelligence, new programs for analyzing and systematizing objects.
The aim of this review is to analyze, summarize and evaluate data published in the scientific literature on the use of artificial intelligence techniques to diagnose pancreatic pathology based on the results of computed tomography. It is demonstrated further perspectives and the need to develop this area in medical practice.
A systematic literature search was conducted on the databases of the journals PubMed and eLibrary. The search for literature was carried out by Keywords"artificial intelligence", "pancreas", "computed tomography", "radiomics". The search interval was 2015-2023. The authors investigated all research studies of foreign and Russian scientists, which contain information on the use of diverse options of artificial intelligence techniques for differential diagnosis of pancreatic pathology, mainly based on computed tomography, and their assessment to demonstrate their further beneficial development in the field of medicine.
To date, artificial intelligence programs based on spiral computed tomography data allow differentiating the pathology of the pancreas with high accuracy, which greatly facilitates human efforts and allows applying them as an indispensable assistant in work. That is why it is necessary to introduce these technologies into the circulation of medical institutions as actively as possible in order to expand the database of artificial intelligence, which will achieve more accurate results in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases and more.
The military-industrial complex as a factor of socio-economic growth
Authors:   Saratov State University, Yurenkov Igor N.
Published: December 2024

The aims of the work are: to consider the dynamics of socio-economic development, to analyze the place of the military-industrial
complex in the growth of economic and social indicators, to assess the influence of the defense industry in solving problems in the field of
defense capability, to identify the mechanisms of this influence, to evaluate the impact of military spendings on increasing industrial performance. The methods of comparative analysis, content analysis and expert opinion were used. The importance of the military-industrial
complex in the growth of socio-economic indicators of the Russian state was shown. The systemic properties of the defense industry as a factor
of economic progress are outlined. The need to develop the scientific, technical and production potential of the defense industry and increase
the competitiveness of domestic enterprises, especially in the important import substitution, is substantiated. It was revealed that the growth
of the country's socio-economic indicators in recent years is associated with the growth of industry, which was positively influenced by the
defense industry, expanding production at the enterprises of the complex. There is an increase in external challenges, and accordingly, the
need to strengthen the country’s defense capability is growing. The defense-industrial complex can be considered as a factor in socio-economic growth and insurance the country's defense capability, which makes it logical to focus on it in order to increase the pace of development of
the Russian state. The direct and indirect mechanisms of the influence of the defense industry on the economic growth and ensuring defense
capability were shown. The defense industry can play a key role in the stability and protection of the Russian social system and the further
growth of economic indicators. To achieve this, changes are taking place in state policy in the field of training specialists, which are the keys
to ensuring security, sovereignty and competitiveness.
Social and economic aspects of modern pension provision for military personnel of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Volsky Military Institute of Material Security (branch) Military Educational Institution of Logistics named after General of the Army A. V. Khrulyov, Timofeeva Anna V.
Published: December 2024

The military pension is often only a part of the institution of special payments to military personnel. Due to the fact that pension provision for military personnel is a specific system and differs from general pension payments, it is necessary to understand it. This article analyzes
the features of the modern pension system for military personnel of all law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation, reflecting, on the one
hand, the global trends and, on the other hand, the specifics of the Russian military pension system. The total expenditures of the federal budget
(for the period 2016–2021) for the pension provision of persons who served in the military in the power structures of the state are presented.
The dynamics of the total budget expenditure for a particular power structure in relation to pension payments is studied (using the example of
the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation). The average size of pensions for seniority of pensioners of the Ministry of Defense of Russia is
considered. The analysis of the growth rate of monetary allowances for military personnel, military superannuation pensions, old-age insurance
pensions and the inflation rate from 2018 to 2022 was carried out. Special attention is paid to the budget allocation related to pension provision for military personnel of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. A
comparative analysis of the dynamics of indexation of military pensions and old-age insurance pensions for the period 2013–2022 was carried
out. The specifics of pension payments to military personnel, depending on the power structure of the Russian Federation, are considered. The
characteristic features of calculation, payment, recalculation and assignment of pension allowance payments are presented, showing the specifics
of the mechanism of formation of military pensions.
Media practices of “digital” generation: Political context
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kazakov Alexander A.
Published: December 2024

The object of this research were representatives of so-called “digital” generation of Russian youth (people born in the first decade
of the 21st century), and the subject was media practices common among them. Despite the fact that within Russian scholarship, quite a lot of
attention is traditionally paid to the problems of media consumption by young people, various aspects of political dimension of the formats
of interaction with the media widely spread among young people are rarely in the focus of attention of scholars. In this regard, the goal of the
study was to identify the features of media practices of “digital” generation of Russian youth and their influence on political consciousness of
this social group. Empirical basis of the analysis was the results of surveys conducted in 2022–2024 by Russian Public Opinion Research Center,
Public Opinion Foundation and Levada-Center (recognized as a foreign agent in Russia), as well as independently conducted by employees of the
Department of Political Science, Saratov State University named after N. G. Chernyshevsky, online surveys and focus group interviews, during
which several issues not covered by federal sociological services were clarified. The article presents a brief overview of the latest research on the
media practices of modern Russian youth, highlights the features and trends of media consumption by the “digital” generation, i.e. personalization
of consumed content, priority of online forms of information dissemination, “situationality” and ritualization of news consumption, a high level
of technical literacy of information consumers, an increase in the scale of digital escapism, multi-screen communication, etc. Specific practical
recommendations are formulated on the possibilities of correcting media practices and transforming media consumption by young people in
order to form more balanced and objective assessments of political reality.
State migration policy of ECOWAS countries: Main directions and trends
Authors:   Stolypin Volga Region Institute of Administration of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Korobov Andrey A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines basic approaches to state migration policy of the Economic Community of West African States’ members.
Interest in this issue is due to the need of modern political science to find new and improve existing means, methods and technologies
for regulating migration flows of the population. Models for managing population migration in West Africa are complex and multi-level
state political and legal mechanisms, the study of the functioning of which allows us to assess the effectiveness of these models. Based
on this, the article solves the problem of identifying the key directions in the formation of state migration policy in the ECOWAS countries
and their justification. The factors determining directions and trends of migration policy and main forms of its implementation in modern
conditions are considered. The emphasis is on revealing political-institutional and ideological components of the state migration policy
of the ECOWAS countries. The role of subregional and regional institutions in the process of state regulation of population migration is
determined.
Compatriots within the modern political agenda of Russia
Authors:   National Research Mordovia State University, MRSU, Bakhlova Olga V. , Makshaeva Evgenia N. ,   National Research Mordovia State University, MRSU
Published: December 2024

Internal and external challenges in social, cultural, humanitarian, migration and other spheres turn the category of compatriots
into one of the systemically important ones on Russia’s political agenda. The purpose of the study is to identify key semantic accents in the
interpretation by the authorities of the problems of compatriots abroad as its actual component. A qualitative and formalized analysis of official
documents, including materials from speeches of the head of state, current normative legal acts and draft laws, revealed the strengthening of
conceptualization, modification of semantic characteristics of the concept of “compatriot” and scaling of the problem from the point of view
of spatial localization. The ideas that support this field are the “state-civilization” and the Russian world. It is characterized by a link with a
broad interpretation of the tasks of ensuring the sovereignty and security of the country.