bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specific reactivity of 4d and 5d transition metals supported over CeO2 for ammonia oxidation
Authors: Guo Yitong , Ma Lei , Li Zihao , Liu Zhisong , Chang Huazhen , Zhao Xiaoran , Yan Naiqiang
Published: September 2022

Pt/CeO2 catalysts were most active in selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia, where Pt triggered the activation of surface lattice oxygen, and the dehydrogenation of ammonia assisted by surface lattice oxygen was the rate-determining step.
Changes in light absorption and composition of chromophoric marine-dissolved organic matter across a microbial bloom
Authors: Alves Michael R. , Coward Elizabeth K. , Gonzales David , Sauer Jon S. , Mayer Kathryn J. , Prather Kimberly A. , Grassian Vicki H.
Published: September 2022

Marine chromophoric dissolved organic matter (m-CDOM) mediates many vital photochemical processes in the surface ocean.
Graphene-based nanomaterials and microbial communities: a review of their interactions, from ecotoxicology to bioprocess engineering perspectives
Authors: Braylé Paul , Pinelli Eric , Gauthier Laury , Mouchet Florence , Barret Maialen
Published: September 2022

This review discusses the interactions between graphene-based nanomaterials and microbial communities in different environmental compartments reconstituted in microcosms, from soil and freshwater to bioprocesses treating waste.
A molecularly imprinted polymer based on a novel polyaniline–zinc sulfide nanocomposite for electrochemical detection of trimethylamine N-oxide
Authors: Verma Damini , Sajwan Reena K. , Lakshmi G. B. V. S. , Kumar Anil , Solanki Pratima R.
Published: September 2022

Illustration of the MIP based electrochemical sensing platform of TMAO.
Ceramic membranes with in situ doped iron oxide nanoparticles for enhancement of antifouling characteristics and organic removal
Authors: Barati Nasim , Husein Maen M. , Azaiez Jalel
Published: September 2022

Nanoparticle modified membranes exhibited enhanced antifouling characteristics.
Insights into the medicinal chemistry of heterocycles integrated with a pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine scaffold
Authors: Hammouda Mohamed M. , Gaffer Hatem E. , Elattar Khaled M.
Published: September 2022

Pyrazolopyrimidine core is the basic skeleton of many drugs with privileged biological profiles. In this study, the biological characteristics, and samples of synthetic approaches and reactivity of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines were highlighted.
Revealing the structure and organization of intercellular tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) by STORM imaging
Authors: Huang Lilin , Zhang Jiao , Wu Zekai , Zhou Liangliang , Yu Bin , Jing Yingying , Lin Danying , Qu Junle
Published: September 2022

The STORM technique was applied to elucidate the structural organization of microfilaments and intertwined microtubules in intercellular TNTs at the nanometer scale, which promote the knowledge for TNT communications.
Dualplex lateral flow assay for simultaneous scopolamine and “cannibal drug” detection based on receptor-gated mesoporous nanoparticles
Authors: Garrido Eva , Climent Estela , Marcos M. Dolores , Sancenón Félix , Rurack Knut , Martínez-Máñez Ramón
Published: September 2022

A dualplex lateral flow assay for simultaneous scopolamine and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (also known as the so-called “cannibal drug”) detection based on receptor-gated mesoporous nanoparticles was developed.
Efficient catalytic effect of the page-like MnCo2O4.5 catalyst on the hydrogen storage performance of MgH2
Authors: Zhou Shiming , Wei Dan , Wan Haiyi , Yang Xiu , Dai Yujuan , Chen Yu'an , Pan Fusheng
Published: September 2022

MnCo2O4.5 is decomposed into a variety of catalytically active substances during the de/hydrogenation process, which greatly promotes the hydrogen storage performance of MgH2.
Structural elucidation of hexavalent Cr adsorbed on surfaces and bulks of Fe3O4 and α-FeOOH
Authors: Senamart Nichapha , Deekamwong Krittanun , Wittayakun Jatuporn , Prayoonpokarach Sanchai , Chanlek Narong , Poo-arporn Yingyot , Wannapaiboon Suttipong , Kidkhunthod Pinit , Loiha Sirinuch
Published: September 2022

Magnetite (Fe3O4) and goethite (α-FeOOH) were synthesized via a hydrothermal approach and utilized as adsorbents for Cr6+ removal in an aqueous medium. Cr3+ could migrate into bulk Fe3O4 and stabilize in form of a solid solution.
The effect of vanadium ferrite doping on the bioactivity of mesoporous bioactive glass-ceramics
Authors: Omidian Sajjad , Haghbin Nazarpak Masoumeh , Bagher Zohreh , Moztarzadeh Fathollah
Published: September 2022

Bioactive glasses are highly reactive surface materials synthesized by melting or sol–gel techniques.
A portable colorimetric chemosensing regime for ractopamine in chicken samples using μPCD decorated by silver nanoprisms
Authors: Baghban Hossein Navay , Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Liu Yuqian , Seidi Farzad
Published: September 2022

In recent years the use of ractopamine (RAC), originally synthesized for the treatment of respiratory diseases, is on the rise as a dietary supplement in animals.
Self-assembly in systems based on l-cysteine–silver-nitrate aqueous solution: multiscale computer simulation
Authors: Malyshev Maxim D. , Khizhnyak Svetlana D. , Zherenkova Lubov V. , Pakhomov Pavel M. , Komarov Pavel V.
Published: September 2022

We report the theoretical study of multiscale structure formation in aqueous solutions of silver nitrate with l-cysteine.
Quantifying triplet formation in conjugated polymer/non-fullerene acceptor blends
Authors: Guo Junjun , Moss Benjamin , Clarke Tracey M.
Published: September 2022

Quantification of triplet state populations in non-fullerene acceptor blends has allowed us to correlate triplet and charge carrier concentrations, with important ramifications for organic photovoltaics.
Emerging two-dimensional nanostructured manganese-based materials for electrochemical energy storage: recent advances, mechanisms, challenges, and prospects
Authors: Chen Jun , Xu Weili , Wang Haoyu , Ren Xuehua , Zhan Feiyang , He Qingqing , Wang Huayu , Chen Lingyun
Published: September 2022

The review summarizes the progress of emerging 2D manganese-based materials as advanced electrode materials for EES.
Stress induced to shrink ZIF-8 derived hollow Fe-NC supports synergizes with Pt nanoparticles to promote oxygen reduction electrocatalysis
Authors: Liao Wei , Zhou Shangyan , Wang Zhengcheng , Long Jin , Chen Meida , Zhou Qian , Wang Qingmei
Published: September 2022

Here, we have successfully structured Pt NPs on stress-induced to shrink ZIF-8 derived hollow Fe-NC supports, and the obtained Pt@Fe-NC catalyst enhanced the ORR performance due to the interaction between Pt NPs and Fe-NC supports leading to the reduced adsorption of *OH intermediates.
A special issue of Essays in Biochemistry on cancer stem cells
Authors: Ying Fan , Lee Terence Kin Wah
Published: September 2022

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulation of cells within the tumor bulk, which leads to tumor recurrence and therapeutic resistance. Identification of specific CSC targets for detection and efficient cancer therapy are the major hurdles in this research field. In this decade, basic researchers and clinicians made every effort to overcome these challenges to target CSCs using different approaches. This special issue includes a varied collection of review articles with comprehensive discussion on the complexity of CSC heterogeneity, signaling pathways regulating the behaviors of CSCs, the therapeutic resistance mechanism of CSCs, and therapeutic targets against CSCs. These review articles shed light on current advances in understanding of CSC biology.
Distance estimates for AGB stars from parallax measurements
Authors: Andriantsaralaza M. , Ramstedt S. , Vlemmings W. H. T. , De Beck E.
Published: September 2022

Context. Estimating the distances to asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars using optical measurements of their parallaxes is not straightforward because of the large uncertainties introduced by their dusty envelopes, their large angular sizes, and their surface brightness variability.

Aims. This paper aims to assess the reliability of the distances derived with Gaia DR3 parallaxes for AGB stars, and provide a new distance catalogue for a sample of ∼200 nearby AGB stars.

Methods. We compared the parallaxes from Gaia DR3 with parallaxes measured with maser observations with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) to determine a statistical correction factor for the DR3 parallaxes using a sub-sample of 33 maser-emitting oxygen-rich nearby AGB stars. We then calculated the distances of a total of ∼200 AGB stars in the DEATHSTAR project using a Bayesian statistical approach on the corrected DR3 parallaxes and a prior based on the previously determined Galactic distribution of AGB stars. We performed radiative transfer modelling of the stellar and dust emission to determine the luminosity of the sources in the VLBI sub-sample based on the distances derived from maser parallaxes, and derived a new bolometric period-luminosity relation for Galactic oxygen-rich Mira variables.

Results. We find that the errors on the Gaia DR3 parallaxes given in the Gaia DR3 catalogue are underestimated by a factor of 5.44 for the brightest sources (G <  8 mag). Fainter sources (8 ≤ G <  12) require a lower parallax error inflation factor of 2.74. We obtain a Gaia DR3 parallax zero-point offset of −0.077 mas for bright AGB stars. The offset becomes more negative for fainter AGB stars. After correcting the DR3 parallaxes, we find that the derived distances are associated with significant, asymmetrical errors for more than 40% of the sources in our sample. We obtain a PL relation of the form Mbol = (− 3.31 ± 0.24) [log P − 2.5]+(−4.317 ± 0.060) for the oxygen-rich Mira variables in the Milky Way. A new distance catalogue based on these results is provided for the sources in the DEATHSTAR sample.

Conclusions. The corrected Gaia DR3 parallaxes can be used to estimate distances for AGB stars using the AGB prior, but we confirm that one needs to be careful when the uncertainties on parallax measurements are larger than 20%, which can result in model-dependent distances and source-dependent offsets. We find that a RUWE (re-normalised unit weight error) below 1.4 does not guarantee reliable distance estimates and we advise against the use of only the RUWE to measure the quality of Gaia DR3 astrometric data for individual AGB stars.
Das „Page-Nieren-Phänomen“ bei nierentransplantierten Patient*innen
Authors: Thorban Stefan
Published: September 2022

Patient*innen sind angehalten, nach einer Nierentransplantation ihre sportlichen Aktivitäten zu verbessern. Allerdings kann trotz einer ausführlichen Aufklärung über die Gefährdung des Transplantats im Rahmen der sportlichen Betätigung die Transplantatniere verletzt werden. Unabhängig davon kann das Transplantat durch weitere traumatische Ursachen schwerwiegende Folgen davontragen. In dem vorliegenden Fallbericht werden das sogenannte Page-Nieren-Phänomen bei nierentransplantierten Patient*innen beschrieben und Hinweise zum Management der Betroffenen gegeben.
Immunsuppression und Risiken bei Gravidität nach Nierentransplantation
Authors: Clement Deborah , Stangl Manfred , Thorban Stefan , Matevossian Edouard
Published: September 2022

Nach einer Nierentransplantation (NTx) steigt die Chance einer erfolgreichen Schwangerschaft für die Transplantatempfängerinnen deutlich, die Geburtsraten sind bei diesen Frauen ähnlich hoch wie in der Normalbevölkerung. 1963 wurde bereits über die erste erfolgreiche Gravidität nach NTx berichtet. Allerdings können zahlreiche Risikofaktoren wie nephrologische Grunderkrankungen das Zeitintervall zwischen Transplantation und Konzeption, Infektionen, Diabetes, Bluthochdruck, Übergewicht, eingeschränkte Transplantatfunktion, Proteinurie, Präeklampsie und insbesondere die Einnahme von Immunsuppressiva den Schwangerschaftsverlauf und die Transplantatfunktion belasten. Jede Schwangerschaft nach NTx sollte interdisziplinär von einem erfahrenen Team begleitet werden. Unter nahezu idealen Voraussetzungen ist die Schwangerschaft als nicht riskant einzustufen, das individuelle Risiko ist allerdings nicht quantifizierbar. Die Zahl an Sectios, Präeklampsie, Frühgeburtlichkeit und Untergewicht des Kindes ist allerdings signifikant erhöht. Sind die Bedingungen für Frauen nach einer Nierentransplantation nicht ideal für eine Schwangerschaft, können Konfliktsituationen entstehen, in denen ethische Prinzipien wie Autonomie, Schadensvermeidung, Wohltätigkeit und Gerechtigkeit diskutiert werden müssen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Studien und Erfahrungen zu diesem Thema ausgewertet sowie Empfehlungen und Risiken für die Patientin und ihr Kind zusammengefasst, entsprechend den Vorgaben der Studiengruppe European Renal Best Practice.
Metabolische Abklärung bei rezidivierenden Nierensteinen
Authors: Oh Jun
Published: September 2022

Die Prävalenz von Nierensteinen bei Erwachsenen nimmt weltweit weiterhin zu 1. Da Kinder häufig einen anderen Lebensstil und eine andere Ernährung haben, sind Nierensteine in dieser Altersgruppe selten. Jüngste Studien haben aber gezeigt, dass die Inzidenz und Prävalenz von Nierensteinen global bei Kindern zunimmt 2. Die Ursachen für Nephrolithiasis bei Kindern unterscheiden sich von denen der Erwachsenen 2.
Qualität der Nachbehandlungsempfehlungen in
unfallchirurgischen Entlassungsbriefen
Authors: Schmidt J. , Schmidt I.
Published: September 2022

Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Querschnittsuntersuchung wurde die Qualität
der Nachbehandlungsempfehlungen von Arztbriefen aus unfallchirurgischer
Erstbehandlung in Traumazentren überprüft. Bei einem Drittel der
Briefe fanden sich keine wesentlichen Informationen zur Nachbehandlung, in einem
weiteren Drittel allgemeine Hinweise. Überregionale Traumazentren
schnitten deutlich besser ab. Es wird der Vorschlag gemacht, die Erstellung von
Arztbriefen bereits in die studentische Ausbildung zu integrieren.
Förderpreis Nephrologische Pflege 2022
Authors: Schäfer Christian
Published: September 2022

Die Thieme Gruppe schreibt im Jahr 2022 wieder den Förderpreis Nephrologische Pflege aus und stiftet das Preisgeld von 1500 Euro.
Successful Treatment of a Single Giant Renal Cyst in a Newborn with Drainage and Sclerotherapy
Authors: Koenig Adriana , Ménétrey Anika , Jhala Tobias , Uerlings Vincent , Szavay Philipp O.
Published: September 2022

Simple renal cysts are a scarce entity in pediatric patients and their etiology is unknown in most cases. Usually, they are monitored with ultrasound and regular follow-up of renal function. Surgical treatment is rarely indicated. We report the case of a newborn with a single giant renal cyst that could be treated successfully with drainage and sclerotherapy. Single giant renal cysts require careful investigation and monitoring. In cysts without communication to the pelvico-caliceal system, sclerotherapy by instillation of doxycycline is a therapeutic option.
Neuropathic Donor-Site Pain following Radial Forearm Free Flap Harvest: A Multicenter Study on Incidence, Prognostic Factors, and Quality of Life
Authors: Bruin L. L. , Hundepool C. A. , Duraku L. S. , Luijsterburg A. J. M. , Jong T. De , Willems W. F. , Mureau M. A. M. , Zuidam J. Michiel
Published: September 2022

Background The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is widely used and is considered one of the workhorse flaps in oncologic head and neck reconstructions. However, the potential for significant donor-site morbidity remains a major drawback. Although various donor-site problems have been reported, the incidence of neuropathic pain and possible predicting factors remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the incidence, prognostic factors, and impact on quality of life of neuropathic pain following RFFF harvest.

Methods In this multicenter, cross-sectional study, 167 patients who underwent an RFFF reconstruction between 2010 and 2020 were included. Baseline characteristics were collected by medical charts. All patients received questionnaires to measure patient's pain (Doleur Neuropathique 4 and visual analog scale, pain), hand function (Patient-Reported Wrist and Hand Evaluation), and quality of life (EuroQol 5D). Multiple logistic regression was used to identify prognostic factors associated with outcomes.

Results A total of 114 patients (68%) completed the questionnaire. Neuropathic pain was present in 18% of all patients. Donor-site wound problems, mostly tendon exposure, occurred in 32% and was significantly correlated with neuropathic pain (p = 0.003). Neuropathic pain was significantly associated with poorer quality of life (p < 0.001) and poorer hand function (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Almost one-fifth of all patients deal with neuropathic pain following RFFF harvest. Neuropathic pain is significantly correlated with poorer hand function and a poorer quality of life. Therefore, future research should focus on analyzing surgical factors such as the management of wound problems and primary denervation to improve hand function and quality of life of these patients.
Characterization of the Interaction of Nerve Agent Mimics with Selected Synthetic Receptors
Authors: Braga Barbosa Carolina , Gaß Patrick , Hamsch Daniel J. , Kubik Stefan
Published: September 2022

Qualitative NMR spectroscopic and quantitative calorimetric binding studies were performed to characterize the interaction of nontoxic mimics of the V-type nerve agent VX (O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate) and the Novichok nerve agent A-234 (ethyl (1-(diethylamino)ethylidene)phosphoramidofluoridate) with a series of receptors in 100 mM aqueous phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 37 °C. These investigations provided information about the preferred geometry with which the nerve agent mimics are included into the receptor cavities and about the stability of the complexes formed. According to the results, the positively charged VX mimic prefers to bind to cation receptors such as sulfonated calixarenes and an acyclic cucurbituril but does not noticeably interact with cyclodextrins. While binding to the acyclic cucurbituril is stronger than that to calixarenes, the mode of inclusion into the sulfonatocalix[4]arene cavity is better suited for the development of scavengers that bind and detoxify V-type nerve agents. The neutral Novichok mimic, on the other hand, only interacts with the acyclic cucurbituril with a strength required for scavenger development. These binding studies thus provided guidelines for the further development of nerve agent scavengers.
O desequilíbrio do ombro é um parâmetro útil na triagem da escoliose idiopática? Um estudo preliminar
Authors: Torres Pedro Augusto Rocha , Castilho Andre Moreira , Lopes Kamila Rayane Campos , Pellizzoni Leonardo , Righesso Orlando , Falavigna Asdrubal
Published: September 2022

Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o uso da assimetria de ombros como parâmetro para a triagem de escoliose e sua relação a outros parâmetros do exame físico.

Métodos Este estudo avalia um aplicativo para smartphone que analisa diversos parâmetros do exame físico de adolescentes com escoliose idiopática. Examinadores médicos e não médicos utilizaram o instrumento de triagem em alunos de uma escola pública e de um clube esportivo privado. Após a coleta de dados, a correlação interobservador foi determinada para verificar a assimetria de ombros e compará-la ao teste de inclinação de Adam e à medição da rotação do tronco.

Resultados Oitenta e nove participantes foram examinados, sendo 18 do sexo feminino e 71 do sexo masculino. Dois indivíduos foram excluídos da análise. A média de idade dos participantes da escola pública foi de 11,30 anos e do clube esportivo, 11,92 anos. Os examinadores apresentaram concordância interobservador baixa a branda quanto à assimetria de ombros em incidência anterior e posterior. Não houve correlação estatística significativa entre a assimetria de ombros e o resultado positivo no teste de inclinação do tronco de Adam.

Conclusão Nosso estudo preliminar mostra que a assimetria de ombros tem baixa correlação com o teste de inclinação de Adam e assim como com a medição de rotação do tronco com escoliômetro. Portanto, o uso da assimetria de ombros pode não ser útil na triagem da escoliose idiopática.

Nível de Evidência III; Estudo Diagnóstico
Effects of Chlorhexidine and Povidone-Iodine on the SARS-CoV-2 Load: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hasan Faizul , Chiu Hsiao-Yean , Salamanca Eisner , Ridwan Edi S. , Wiratama Bayu S. , Budi Hendrik S.
Published: September 2022

The efficacy of mouthwash for reducing the viral load in patients with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis comprehensively examined the effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and povidone-iodine (PVP-I) on the viral load in patients with COVID-19. We performed methodological analysis, systematic review, and meta-analysis of included studies using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis Software. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest were searched from December 1, 2019, to December 2, 2021. In total, we included 10 studies of 1,339 patients with COVID-19. Compared with the control group, both CHX and PVP-I significantly reduced the number of negative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results (p<0.001) among COVID-19 patients. The CHX and PVP-I were effective on reducing the number of negative RT-PCR results in COVID-19 patients. Additional studies using adequate randomization methods and larger samples are warned.
Influence of Bariatric Surgery on Oral Microbiota: A Systematic Review
Authors: Adawi Hafiz , Aggarwal Aparna , Jain Saurabh , Othman Maha A. , Othman Ahlam A. A. , Zakri Rawan A. , Namazi Somayah A. M. , Sori Sara A.Y. , Abuzawah Lamees H. A. , Madkhali Zainab M.
Published: September 2022

The study aims to systematically review the available literature to evaluate the changes in oral microbiota in patients after bariatric surgery (BS) and correlates these alterations in microorganisms with common oral manifestations. Relevant Electronic databases were systematically searched for indexed English literature. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for framework designing, application, and reporting of the current systematic review. The focused PICO question was: “Is there any change in oral microbiota (O) of patients (P) who underwent BS (I) when compared with non-BS groups (C)?' Seven articles were selected for qualitative synthesis. On application of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) quality assessment tool, six studies were found to be of fair quality and one was of good quality. All the seven included studies evaluated the effect of BS on oral microbiota in humans. The outcomes of this review suggest that considerable changes take place in oral microbiota after BS which can be correlated with common oral manifestations. These changes are mainly due to the indirect effect of BS and may vary with the individuals. Due to variations in the included studies, it is difficult to proclaim any persistent pattern of oral microbiota found after BS.
Parenteral Antiplatelet Drugs in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Current Status and Future Directions
Authors: Rikken Sem A. O. F. , Storey Robert F. , Andreotti Felicita , Clemmensen Peter , ten Berg Jurriën M.
Published: September 2022

Oral inhibitors of the platelet P2Y12 receptor are indispensable in the treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), improving outcomes and even reducing mortality in some studies. However, these drugs are limited by delayed absorption and suboptimal platelet inhibition at the time of primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Despite efforts to achieve faster and more sustained platelet inhibition, strategies such as prehospital administration, higher loading doses, and crushed formulations have not led to improved coronary reperfusion. Parenteral glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors act sooner and are more potent than oral P2Y12 inhibitors, but their use has been limited by the increased risk of major bleeding and thrombocytopenia. Hence, there is a clinical need to refine drugs that deliver rapid, effective, yet safe platelet inhibition in the setting of STEMI. Novel parenteral antiplatelet drugs, such as cangrelor, selatogrel, and zalunfiban, have been recently developed to achieve rapid, potent antiplatelet effects while preserving hemostasis. We provide a description of currently available parenteral antiplatelet agents and of those in clinical development for prehospital administration in STEMI patients.
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Deficiency in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Promotes Perivascular Fibrosis following Arterial Injury
Authors: Gogiraju Rajinikanth , Gachkar Sogol , Velmeden David , Bochenek Magdalena L. , Zifkos Konstantinos , Hubert Astrid , Münzel Thomas , Offermanns Stefan , Schäfer Katrin
Published: September 2022

Background Smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype switching plays a central role during vascular remodeling. Growth factor receptors are negatively regulated by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), including its prototype PTP1B. Here, we examine how reduction of PTP1B in SMCs affects the vascular remodeling response to injury.

Methods Mice with inducible PTP1B deletion in SMCs (SMC.PTP1B-KO) were generated by crossing mice expressing Cre.ERT2 recombinase under the Myh11 promoter with PTP1Bflox/flox mice and subjected to FeCl3 carotid artery injury.

Results Genetic deletion of PTP1B in SMCs resulted in adventitia enlargement, perivascular SMA+ and PDGFRβ+ myofibroblast expansion, and collagen accumulation following vascular injury. Lineage tracing confirmed the appearance of Myh11-Cre reporter cells in the remodeling adventitia, and SCA1+ CD45- vascular progenitor cells increased. Elevated mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling components or enzymes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and TGFβ liberation was seen in injured SMC.PTP1B-KO mouse carotid arteries, and mRNA transcript levels of contractile SMC marker genes were reduced already at baseline. Mechanistically, Cre recombinase (mice) or siRNA (cells)-mediated downregulation of PTP1B or inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling in SMCs resulted in nuclear accumulation of KLF4, a central transcriptional repressor of SMC differentiation, whereas phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 were reduced. SMAD2 siRNA transfection increased protein levels of PDGFRβ and MYH10 while reducing ERK1/2 phosphorylation, thus phenocopying genetic PTP1B deletion.

Conclusion Chronic reduction of PTP1B in SMCs promotes dedifferentiation, perivascular fibrosis, and adverse remodeling following vascular injury by mechanisms involving an ERK1/2 phosphorylation-driven shift from SMAD2 to KLF4-regulated gene transcription.
Evaluation of multi-bit domain wall motion by low current density to obtain ultrafast data rate in a compensated ferrimagnetic wire
Authors: Ranjbar S. , Sumi S. , Tanabe K. , Awano H.
Published: September 2022

Architectures based on multi-bit magnetic domain walls (DWs) take advantage of the fast speed, high density, nonvolatility, and flexible design of DWs to process and store data bits. However, controlling multi-bit DWs driven by electric current at an ideal position remains a significant challenge for developing integrated spintronic applications with high reliability and low power consumption. We exhibit the possibility of driving fast and stable multi-bit DWs at low current density without an in-plane external magnetic field in Fe-rich GdFeCo magnetic wires. When an in-plane magnetic field is applied in the wire direction, the front edge accelerates, although the rear edge decelerates, and the recorded data are destroyed. Hence, this method is not practical. Here, the DW speed of the multi-bit DWs is 1500 m/s under a low current density of 29 × 1010 (A/m2). A straight DW shape is required to accurately read the bits of information by the tunneling magnetoresistance head in real DW memory devices. Moreover, we demonstrate that the DW position is related to the DW shape after injecting a pulse current into the magnetic wire. A straight DW shape is exhibited for 3 ns pulse duration width, while the DW shape became rounded for 30 and 50 ns pulse duration widths. Our finding provides a practical concept for multiple-bit-per-cell memory and presents a viable platform for DW memory applications.
Magnon spectrum of Bloch hopfion beyond ferromagnetic resonance
Authors: Sobucki K. , Krawczyk M. , Tartakivska O. , Graczyk P.
Published: September 2022

With the development of new nanofabrication technologies and measurement techniques, the interest of researchers is moving toward 3D structures and 3D magnetization textures. Special attention is paid to the topological magnetization textures, particularly hopfions. In this paper, we investigate the magnetization dynamics of the hopfion through the numerical solution of the eigenvalue problem. We show that the spectrum of spin-wave modes of the hopfion is much richer than those attainable in ferromagnetic resonance experiments or time-domain simulations reported so far. We identified four groups of modes that differ in the character of oscillations (clockwise or counter-clockwise rotation sense), the position of an average amplitude localization along the radial direction, and different oscillations in the vertical cross section. The knowledge of the full spin-wave spectrum shall help in hopfion identification, understanding of the interaction between spin waves and hopfion dynamics as well as the development of the potential of hopfion in spintronic and magnonic applications.
T-matrix simulations of the optical response of gold nanorods: Impact of dielectric function of nanorods on the simulated optical properties and their sensitivity to the dielectric environment
Authors: Al-Qadi Bassam
Published: September 2022

The T-matrix approach is used to elucidate the influence of the dielectric function of gold nanorods on their optical response. On the basis of extensive and systematic numerical simulations, we follow the spectral variations of extinction efficiency and field enhancement as a function of the nanorod’s dielectric properties, medium dielectric constant, and aspect ratio. Simulations with six available tabulated gold dielectric functions show different locations of the longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). A shift of up to 50 nm is found and compared with experimental data available in the literature. With the increasing refractive index of the ambient medium, the peaks red shift to higher wavelengths, which can be understood in terms of the reduced plasmon energy due to the reduced restoring forces of the plasmon oscillations. A linear correlation exists between the relative shift of the resonance wavelength and the relative increment of the medium refractive index. The correlation coefficient represents the sensitivity of the resonance to the dielectric environment and is more dependent on the aspect ratio than the dielectric properties of nanorods. However, a non-linear correlation is observed between the relative changes in the resonance extinction peak and the relative refractive index increment of the medium, which is considerably affected by the dielectric properties of nanorods. Results reveal that the field enhancement is influenced primarily by the dielectric environment and the aspect ratio. Simulations with the size-corrected dielectric functions show a broadening of the LSPR with no significant shift, in addition to a reduced extinction efficiency and field enhancement.
Perceived benefits of accessing a children’s sensory garden in a healthcare setting
Authors: Henderson-Wilson Claire , Shaw Amy , Weerasuriya Rona
Published: September 2022

Objectives This pilot study aimed to explore the perceived benefits of a new children’s sensory garden in a healthcare centre in south-eastern Melbourne that provides specialised care, support and guidance to parents. Methods A mixed-method research design was employed in this study comprising a combination of quantitative (surveys) and qualitative (interviews) data collection methods. A total of 19 staff and 36 parents completed surveys relating to their experiences in the new garden. Results The staff members and parents surveyed were found to use the new children’s garden on a regular basis and suggested that the new garden provided them with an opportunity to escape and feel calmer and had positively impacted on their interactions with their child. Interviews were also undertaken with four staff members who indicated that they believe the new garden is affording them perceived personal wellbeing benefits and that the activities in the new garden led to better perceived outcomes for families. Conclusion The perceived benefits reported provide support for the development of sensory gardens at other similar healthcare facilities.
Progress, challenges, and trajectories for indigenous language content-based instruction in the United States and Canada
Authors: Wilson William H. , DeCaire Ryan , Gonzalez Brooke Niiyogaabawiikwe , McCarty Teresa L.
Published: September 2022

Indigenous language content-based instruction in the United States and Canada is primarily known as Indigenous language medium or Indigenous language immersion (ILI) education. In spite of huge barriers, it has grown over the past decade. Programs have emerged from concerns about language loss and a desire for language revitalization. Language revitalization takes several generations since it seeks an outcome where the Indigenous language is primary with high, but secondary, proficiency in the nationally dominant language. To establish a trajectory to reach such an outcome, the majority of schooling until high school graduation should be through the Indigenous language. Indigenous language medium schooling also seeks to produce sufficient mastery of academics and English for access to English medium higher education. Where a sufficiently strong model has been implemented, as in Hawaiʻi, those results are beginning to be produced. At present, the models being implemented elsewhere in the two countries are at varying stages of development, with minimal government support.
Novel cosmological bounds on thermally-produced axion-like particles
Authors: Caloni Luca , Gerbino Martina , Lattanzi Massimiliano , Visinelli Luca
Published: September 2022

We constrain the coupling of thermally-produced axion-like particles (here axions) with photons and gluons, using data from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) spectra and baryon acoustic oscillations. The axion possesses an explicit soft breaking mass term and it is produced thermally in the early Universe from either axion-photon or axion-gluon processes, accounting for the recent progresses in the field. We derive the most stringent bounds on the axion-gluon coupling to date on the mass range considered 10-4≲ma/ eV ≲ 100, superseding the current bounds from SN1987A. The bounds on the axion-photon coupling are competitive with the results from the CAST collaboration for the axion massma≳ 3eV. We comment on the forecast reaches that will be available given the sensitivity of future CMB-S4 missions.
BICEP/Keck data and quadratic gravity
Authors: Salvio Alberto
Published: September 2022

The recent results of the BICEP and Keck collaborations have put stringent bounds on many inflationary models, including some well-motivated ones. This is certainly the case when gravity remains described by Einstein's theory up to the inflationary scale, but can be avoided by introducing quadratic-in-curvature terms that are effective at that scale. Recently it has also been shown that these terms can UV complete gravity respecting stability and unitarity. Here the predictions of such quadratic gravity are computed and compared with the BICEP/Keck constraints by focusing on some of the inflationary scenarios that are best-motivated from the particle physics point of view and are already ruled out in Einstein gravity: (critical) Higgs inflation and natural inflation. The first scenario can be considered as the most economical option as the inflaton is identified with the only known elementary scalar field in the Standard Model and the near criticality of the Standard Model is used to remain in the perturbative regime. In the second one a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson contributes to the inflationary dynamics and its potential is naturally flat. It is shown that in both scenarios one can restore the agreement with the observational constraints in quadratic gravity.
Space-time analogy and its application to design schemes borrowed from Fourier optics for processing ultrafast optical signals
Authors: Shakhmuratov R N
Published: September 2022

Square-wave pulse generation with a variable duty ratio can be realized with the help of the ideas of Talbot array illuminators formulated for binary phase gratings. A binary temporal phase modulation of continuous wave (CW) laser field propagating through a group-delay-dispersion circuit of the fractional Talbot length

P

/

Q

results in a well defined sequence of square-wave-form pulses. When P = 1 a duty ratio of the pulses D is

1

/

2

for Q = 4 and

1

/

3

for Q = 3 and 6. Maximum intensity of the pulses doubles and triples compared to the CW intensity for

D
=
1

/

2

and

1

/

3

, respectively. These pulses can be used for return-to-zero laser field modulation in optical fiber communication. For

D
=
1

/

3

extra features between the pulses are found originating from a finite rise and drop time of phase in a binary phase modulation. A similar effect to the benefit of the time-space analogy is predicted for binary phase gratings and interpreted as gleams produced by imperfect edges of the components of the rectangular phase gratings.
Single-frequency distributed Bragg reflector Tm:YAG ceramic derived all-glass fiber laser at 1.95 μm
Authors: Qian Guo-Quan , Wu Min-Bo , Tang Guo-Wu , Sun Min , Chen Dong-Dan , Zhang Zhi-Bin , Luo Hui , Qian Qi
Published: September 2022

A 135 mW single-frequency distributed Bragg reflector fiber laser at 1.95 μm was obtained based on a Tm:YAG ceramic-derived all-glass fiber. The fiber laser achieved an optical signal-to-noise ratio of ∼ 77 dB. Moreover, the threshold and linewidth of the single-frequency laser were measured to be 15.4 mW and 4.5 kHz, respectively. In addition, the measured relative intensity noise was less than –140 dB⋅Hz−1 at frequencies of over 10 MHz. The results show that the as-drawn Tm:YAG ceramic-derived all-glass fiber is highly promising for ∼ 2 μm single-frequency fiber laser applications.
Impact of microsecond-pulsed plasma-activated water on papaya seed germination and seedling growth
Authors: Xi Deng-Ke , Zhang Xian-Hui , Yang Si-Ze , Yap Seong Shan , Ishikawa Kenji , Hori Masura , Yap Seong Ling
Published: September 2022

The seed of Carica papaya consists of a hard shell-like testa with inhibitors in vivo causing slow, erratic and asynchronous germination. In this work, plasma-activated water prepared by microsecond-pulsed plasma jets (μPAW) was applied to treat papaya seeds. The μPAW after plasma activation of 30 min was about 40 °C. The reactive species such as NO2, NO3, and H2O2 in the μPAW activated from deionized water were measured and correlated to the seed germination rate and the seedling growth performance. The μPAW-treated papaya seed achieved a higher germination rate of 90%, which is 26% higher than the control group using deionized water. Comparing the results with a hot water (40 °C) reference group showed that the reactive species in μPAW played primary roles in germination improvement, with little effect caused by the heat shock. The μPAW also sterilized the treated seeds, reducing the germination stress. The morphological change in the seeds was observed by SEM, showing an effect of physical etching after treatment promoting seed imbibition. The biochemical mechanism of the seed germination was deduced with reference to the evolution of surface chemistry, functional groups, and ABA content. The accelerated seed metabolism observed was corresponded to the chemical modification pathway. Besides, early seedlings developed from treated seeds were observed to be healthy, grow more leaves, and have better root structures. The content of MDA in the treated papaya seedlings decreased along with increased SOD and higher ion concentration. The μPAW that can be prepared at atmospheric pressure for bulk production offers a low-risk and cost-effective seed priming technology that may significantly increase the production of agricultural crops.
Modelling of magnetoelectric nanoparticles for non-invasive brain stimulation: a computational study
Authors: Fiocchi Serena , Chiaramello Emma , Marrella Alessandra , Bonato Marta , Parazzini Marta , Ravazzani Paolo
Published: September 2022

Objective. Recently developed magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) provide a potential tool to enable different biomedical applications. They could be used to overcome the intrinsic constraints posed by traditional neurostimulation techniques, namely the invasiveness of electrodes-based techniques, the limited spatial resolution, and the scarce efficiency of magnetic stimulation. Approach. By using computational electromagnetic techniques, we modelled the behaviour of recently designed biocompatible MENPs injected, in the shape of clusters, in specific cortical targets of a highly detailed anatomical head model. The distributions and the tissue penetration of the electric fields induced by MENPs clusters in each tissue will be compared to the distributions induced by traditional transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) coils for non-invasive brain stimulation positioned on the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) of a highly detailed anatomical head model. Main results. MENPs clusters can induce highly focused electric fields with amplitude close to the neural activation threshold in all the brain tissues of interest for the treatment of most neuropsychiatric disorders. Conversely, TMS coils can induce electric fields of several tens of V m−1 over a broad volume of the PFC, but they are unlikely able to efficiently stimulate even small volumes of subcortical and deep tissues. Significance. Our numerical results suggest that the use of MENPs for brain stimulation may potentially led to a future pinpoint treatment of neuropshychiatric disorders, in which an impairment of electric activity of specific cortical and subcortical tissues and networks has been assumed to play a crucial role.
Global E × B flow pattern formation and saturation
Authors: Qi Lei , Choi M.J. , Leconte M. , Hahm T.S. , Kwon Jae-Min
Published: September 2022

The E × B flow staircase-like pattern observed in the first principle gyrokinetic numerical experiments of tokamak fusion plasmas forms due to a nonlinear time delay. Simulations demonstrate a finite time delay between the staircase occurrence in particle transport and that in the density profile. This novel finding shows that instability can arise from perturbations in transport and then influence the background turbulence. E × B flow staircase plays roles not only in shearing the transport but also as a nonlinear saturation mechanism of staircase instability. Experimental measurements in KSTAR tokamak L-mode plasmas are consistent with the numerical findings.
Data Analysis System Based on REST Architecture for In-Pipe Inspection
Authors: Zhang Hongxian , Zeng Yanli , Guo Xiaoting , Chen Honghe , Liu Guanlin , Wang Qingya
Published: September 2022

To solve the problems of high maintenance cost, low reusability and poor scalability of in-pipe inspection data analysis system, an in-pipe inspection data analysis system based on REST (Representational State Transfer) architecture is designed and implemented. A multilayer service-oriented architecture based on REST is designed, which decouples the functions of client, middleware, server and data storage to improve the maintainability of the software. REST APIs (Application Program Interfaces) based on HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) are designed, which encapsulate the core functions such as data analysis, signal processing, automatic identification and quantization into language and platform independent services to meet the needs of multiuser, cross platform and online data analysis. An adaptation method of in-line inspection tool based on metadata is designed, which abstracts the in-line inspection tool into a separate metadata file and decouples it from the client and server programs to improve the scalability of the software. Practice has proved the architecture can improve the maintainability, reusability and scalability of the software, and provide a basis for constructing online in-pipe inspection data analysis service based cloud.
Research on Distributed Calculation of Flight Parameters Based on Hadoop
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Chen Haidong , Li Shipeng , Yan Tinggui , Qian Hang
Published: September 2022

With the improvement of launch vehicle technology and the increase of launch missions, under the intensive launch tasks, the contradiction between the large-scale calculation demand of flight parameters of launch vehicle and the traditional standalone calculation mode is increasingly prominent, which is mainly reflected in the slow calculation speed, low processing efficiency, limited bandwidth bottleneck, and single point fault. Big data processing architecture Hadoop’s distributed computing framework MapReduce, running in low cost cluster, is innovative applied in the large-scale calculation of launch vehicle’s flight parameters, relying on its distributed storage, coordination and load balancing mechanism. The method effectively improves computing efficiency, breakthroughs performance bottleneck and avoids single point failure. Compared with the traditional standalone deployment and pseudo-distributed cluster deployment based on Hadoop, the fully distributed cluster deployment based on Hadoop is the optimal deployment for calculating flight parameters. The results show that the parallel calculation of flight parameters based on Hadoop could save time used by 51% with the consistency of calculation results, which is the same as the standalone deployment.
Using Machine Learning Methods to Solve Problems of Monitoring the State of Steel Structure Elements
Authors: Gaponova Maria , Dementev Vitalii , Suetin Marat , Tashlinskii Aleksandr
Published: September 2022

The paper considers the issues related to the monitoring of the state of steel structures. Such monitoring is proposed to be based on the processing of video images obtained during the inspection of structural elements. The pro-cessing is performed using combinations of artificial neural networks that have passed special training procedures based on transfer learning technologies. This approach allows to overcome the problems of training and post-training of neural networks on small volume samples. The received results allow to claim the possibility of using the developed procedures for searching important classes of defects (in particular, cracks) on images and defining their parameters (size, class, danger degree, etc.). Thus work quality of these procedures (in particular the probability of correct detection and false alarms) appears to be close to the quality of work of competent personnel.
Detection of Wildfire Targets in Transmission Line Images Based on Joint Learning
Authors: Li Xuxu , Tang Jun , Ma Xiaomin , Chen Kena , Liu Xiaojiang , Liu Yicen , Zhu Xu
Published: September 2022

The effective detection of wildfires in transmission lines is of great significance to ensure the safety of transmission lines. Based on the traditional target detection framework, we fully consider the small sample set characteristics of wildfires, and propose a joint learning framework to improve the performance of wildfire target detection. Specifically, we make full use of massive normal transmission line samples for sample reconstruction learning, and fully exploit the attribute knowledge of massive normal samples to small sample target detection; further, we also propose a shrink augment module to enhance the representation power of feature map by augmenting the difference between wildfire targets and the normal background. Finally, data augmentation and joint learning are combined to creatively solve the problem of wildfires detection under the limitation of training samples. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.