bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Xolography for Biomedical Applications: Dual‐Color Light‐Sheet Printing of Hydrogels With Local Control Over Shape and Stiffness
Authors: Stoecker Lena , Cedillo‐Servin Gerardo , König Niklas F. , de Graaf Freek V. , García‐Jiménez Marcela , Hofmann Sandra , Ito Keita , Wentzel Annelieke S. , Castilho Miguel
Published: January 2025

Current challenges in tissue engineering include creation of extracellular environments that support and interact with cells using biochemical, mechanical, and structural cues. Spatial control over these cues is currently limited due to a lack of suitable fabrication techniques. This study introduces Xolography, an emerging dual‐color light‐sheet volumetric printing technology, to achieve control over structural and mechanical features for hydrogel‐based photoresins at micro‐ to macroscale while printing within minutes. A water‐soluble photoswitch photoinitiator system and a library of naturally‐derived, synthetic, and thermoresponsive hydrogels for Xolography are proposed. Centimeter‐scale, 3D constructs with positive features of 20 µm and negative features of ≈100 µm are fabricated with control over mechanical properties (compressive moduli 0.2 kPa–6.5 MPa). Notably, switching from binary to grayscaled light projection enables spatial control over stiffness (0.2–16 kPa). As a proof of concept, grayscaled Xolography is leveraged with thermoresponsive hydrogels to introduce reversible anisotropic shape changes beyond isometric shrinkage. Xolography of viable cell aggregates is finally demonstrated, laying the foundation for cell‐laden printing of dynamic, cell‐instructive environments with tunable structural and mechanical cues in a fast one‐step process. Overall, these innovations unlock unique possibilities of Xolography across multiple biomedical applications.
Adsorption and Separation by Flexible MOFs
Authors: Senkovska Irena , Bon Volodymyr , Mosberger Antonia , Wang Yutong , Kaskel Stefan
Published: January 2025

Flexible metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) offer unique opportunities due to their dynamic structural adaptability. This review explores the impact of flexibility on gas adsorption, highlighting key concepts for gas storage and separation. Specific examples demonstrate the principal effectiveness of flexible frameworks in enhancing gas uptake and working capacity. Additionally, mixed gas adsorption and separation of mixtures are reviewed, showcasing their potential in selective gas separation. The review also discusses the critical role of the single gas isotherms analysis and adsorption conditions in designing separation experiments. Advanced combined characterization techniques are crucial for understanding the behavior of flexible MOFs, including monitoring of phase transitions, framework–guest and guest–guest interactions. Key challenges in the practical application of flexible adsorbents are addressed, such as the kinetics of switching, volume change, and potential crystal damage during phase transitions. Furthermore, the effects of additives and shaping on flexibility and the “slipping off effect” are discussed. Finally, the benefits of phase transitions beyond improved working capacity and selectivity are outlined, with a particular focus on the advantages of intrinsic thermal management. This review highlights the potential and challenges of using flexible MOFs in gas storage and separation technologies, offering insights for future research and application.
Giant Modulation of Magnetoresistance in a Van Der Waals Magnet by In‐Plane Current Injection
Authors: Kim Kwangsu , Ahn Hyo‐Bin , Lee Seungho , Jeong Seyeop , Lee Donghyeon , Lee Siha , Im Subin , Kim Seong Been , Kim Sung Jong , Park Jungmin , Lee Nyun Jong , Koo Hyun Cheol , An Kyongmo , Moon Kyoung‐Woong , Kim Bongjae , Kim Kyoo , Kim Kab‐Jin , Lee Changgu , Kim Kyoung‐Whan , Kim Se Kwon , Park Tae‐Eon , Kim Sanghoon
Published: January 2025

Efficient magnetization control is a central issue in magnetism and spintronics. Particularly, there are increasing demands for manipulation of magnetic states in van der Waals (vdW) magnets with unconventional functionalities. However, the electrically induced phase transition between ferromagnetic‐to‐antiferromagnetic states without external magnetic field is yet to be demonstrated. Here, the current‐induced magnetic phase transition in a vdW ferromagnet Fe5GeTe2 is reported. Based on magneto‐transport measurements and theoretical analysis, it is demonstrated that transition in the interlayer magnetic coupling occurs through vertical voltage drop between layers induced by current which is attributed to high anisotropy of the resistivity caused by the vdW gaps. Such magnetic phase transition results in giant modulation of the longitudinal magnetoresistance from 5% to 170%. The electrical tunability of the magnetic phase in Fe5GeTe2 with current‐in‐plane geometry opens a path for electric control of magnetic properties, expanding the ability to use vdW magnets for spintronic applications.
Magnesium‐Mediated Reductive Defluorinative Cross‐Electrophile Coupling of α‐Trifluoromethyl Styrenes with CO2 and Acyl Imidazoles
Authors: Hao Jianjun , Ren Lu , Tan Jingwen , Peng Yulin , Jing Linhai , Han Pan
Published: January 2025

Gem‐difluoroethylene moiety holds pivotal roles in drug research owing to its unique ability as a bioisostere of the carbonyl group. Here, magnesium‐mediated reductive defluorinative cross‐electrophile coupling of α‐trifluoromethyl styrene with carbon‐centered electrophiles was developed. This method featured readily accessible reagents, mild conditions, and wide substrate scope, enabling the efficient production of gem‐difluoroallyl carboxylic acid and ketones. The establishment of this protocol will offer a general alternative for the acquisition of gem‐difluoroethylene compounds.
Aspartate Metabolism‐Driven Gut Microbiota Dynamics and RIP‐Dependent Mitochondrial Function Counteract Oxidative Stress
Authors: Jin Shunshun , Wu Jian , Wang Chenyu , He Yiwen , Tang Yulong , Huang Le , Zhou Hui , Liu Di , Wu Ziping , Feng Yanzhong , Chen Heshu , He Xinmiao , Yang Guan , Peng Can , Qiu Jiazhang , Li Tiejun , Yin Yulong , He Liuqin
Published: January 2025

Aspartate (Asp) metabolism‐mediated antioxidant functions have important implications for neonatal growth and intestinal health; however, the antioxidant mechanisms through which Asp regulates the gut microbiota and influences RIP activation remain elusive. This study reports that chronic oxidative stress disrupts gut microbiota and metabolite balance and that such imbalance is intricately tied to the perturbation of Asp metabolism. Under normal conditions, in vivo and in vitro studies reveal that exogenous Asp improves intestinal health by regulating epithelial cell proliferation, nutrient uptake, and apoptosis. During oxidative stress, Asp reduces Megasphaera abundance while increasing Ruminococcaceae. This reversal effect depends on the enhanced production of the antioxidant eicosapentaenoic acid mediated through Asp metabolism and microbiota. Mechanistically, the application of exogenous Asp orchestrates the antioxidant responses in enterocytes via the modulation of the RIP3‐MLKL and RIP1‐Nrf2‐NF‐κB pathways to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species and maintain mitochondrial functionality and cellular survival. These results demonstrate that Asp signaling alleviates oxidative stress by dynamically modulating the gut microbiota and RIP‐dependent mitochondrial function, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for oxidative stress disease treatment.
Wearable PZT Piezoelectric Sensor Device for Accurate Arterial Pressure Pulse Waveform Measurement
Authors: Li Minyu , Aoyama Jun , Inayoshi Koya , Zhang Hedong
Published: January 2025

Accurate, non‐invasive, and wearable measurement of arterial pressure pulse waveforms is crucial for cardiovascular healthcare, yet remains challenging due to the lack of effective sensors and mounting methods. This study introduces highly sensitive, flexible PZT piezoelectric sensors and an optimized mounting method for accurate radial pulse waveform measurement in natural wrist positions. The sensors incorporate a PZT thin film directly fabricated on a flexible substrate with easily produced parallel‐plate electrodes, requiring no poling treatment. The high‐quality PZT films exhibit low charge leakage, enabling measurement even at 1 Hz. To ensure comfort and accuracy, a foam pad is used for optimal sensor mounting and investigate how its stress–strain properties affect pulse detection. The optimized sensor device captures waveforms closely matching those from a high‐accuracy capacitive force sensor. Despite smaller size and lower mounting load, the sensors show four times the sensitivity of polyvinylidene fluoride sensors and successfully detect age‐related changes in waveforms. Additionally, a deep learning model is developed to enable calibration‐free conversion of sensor signals to blood pressure (BP), achieving a mean absolute error of 5.82 and 4.60 mmHg for systolic and diastolic BP. These results highlight the potential of this technology for effective cardiovascular monitoring in daily life.
Inert Copper Incorporation Enables the High Activity and Durability of NiW Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Liu Guimei , Liu Yushen , Qiu Xiaoyi , Zhang Bingxing , Jang Juhee , Cui Yingdan , Xiao Fei , Zhao Qinglan , Wang Wenjun , KIM Yoonseob , Xing Wei , Shao Minhua
Published: January 2025

The slow reaction kinetics of hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) on existing catalysts in alkaline hinders the commercialization of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). In this work, a Cu‐incorporated NiW alloy (Cui‐NiW) without any platinum group metal (PGM) is designed and evaluated in both liquid cells and AEMFCs. This catalyst enabled the achievement of an electrochemical surface area‐normalized exchange current density of 70 µA cm−2 and robust stability, outperforming most PGM‐free catalysts. Furthermore, the incorporation of Cu into other systems such as NiMo and NiV using the same method also showcased excellent HOR activity and durability. The fuel cells assembled with Cui‐NiW as the anode and Pt/C or Fe‐N‐C as the cathode delivered peak power densities of 480 and 340 mW cm−2, respectively. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the incorporated Cu is chemically inert but enhances the overall oxidation resistance of the catalysts. Moreover, it weakens hydrogen adsorption and promotes the adsorption of hydroxide ions, thereby enhancing the HOR activity significantly. These results may open a door for rational design of high‐performance and durable PGM‐free HOR catalysts.
Oscillating microbubbly flows generated by a fluidic oscillator: Flow behavior and mass transfer characteristics
Authors: Zheng Longyun , Qi Ao , Guo Kai , Liu Chunjiang , Wen Xin
Published: January 2025

In this study, a Coanda‐swept fluidic oscillator is used to generate oscillating microbubbly flows. Flow behavior measurements show that the generated microbubbly flows have periodic sweep characteristics. Massive microbubbles are generated by shear‐off‐induced breakup, dynamic erosion breakup, and wall‐fluid‐shear‐induced breakup within the fluidic oscillator. Mass transfer measurements show that the generated microbubbly flows have a higher interfacial area (a) and volumetric liquid‐side mass transfer coefficients (kL) than the other comparison groups. Furthermore, the energy efficiency is assessed in terms of kL per energy consumption (η) and energy consumption per a (ξ). For the fluidic oscillator group, the highest kLa is 0.089 s−1, corresponding to (η = 0.63 m3/(kW·s), ξ = 2.6 J/m2, a = 785 m2/m3). Although it has been reported that higher kLa is typically associated with lower energy efficiency, the results indicate that the fluidic oscillator is a promising microbubble generator.
Type III porous ionic liquids via lipophilicity differences for enhanced oxidation catalysis
Authors: Liu Ruoyu , Deng Chang , Chen Linlin , Chao Yanhong , Wu Peiwen , Zhu Wenshuai , Xu Chunming
Published: January 2025

In this study, an innovative strategy is proposed to design porous ionic liquids (PILs) using lipophilicity differences, defined as type III‐B PIL, which overcomes the traditional size‐effect limitations in PIL design. An SBA‐15 confined high‐entropy single‐atom catalyst (HESAC@SBA‐15) with an oleophobic internal surface was engineered as the porous framework and oleaginous 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate as the organic guest for constructing a novel type PIL (PILS‐B). This type of PILS‐B combines the exceptional gas storage capacity of PILs with the high catalytic activity of HESAC@SBA‐15. Additionally, the mesoporous structure of SBA‐15 enhances mass transfer during reactions, thereby improving catalytic efficiency. Using the aerobic oxidation of aromatic sulfur compounds in fuel oils as a model reaction, PILS‐B achieved a desulfurization efficiency of >99%. This strategy expands the variety of porous frameworks and organic guests for PIL design, showcasing the potential of PILs as effective and stable catalysts with broader applications in catalysis.
Foreword: Progress in Construction Safety and Health
Authors: Ringen Knut , Noetel Karl‐Heinz , Sen Krishna N. , Fisher Miles
Published: January 2025

The construction has always been a large economic sector that is very hazarous to work in. Over the past 40 years there have been major improvements in safety and health practices driven by increased research and more rapid adoption of best practices, not just in the developed countries but also in emerging economices. This special issue aims to showcase a specturm of perspectives from research to practice, about the current state of construction safety and health.
Arylation of α‐Imino Ketones and their Cyclization with Allenoates: Direct Access to Sterically Hindered Pyrroles
Authors: Yaragorla Srinivasarao , Arun Doma
Published: January 2025

Herein, we report a calcium‐catalyzed, one‐pot, four‐component reaction to synthesize diversely substituted pyrroles. This atom‐economy reaction involves a sequence of reactions that proceed via in situ formation of α ‐ imino ketones, Friedel‐Crafts arylation, aza‐cyclization, and aromatization in the single pot. The reaction showed a broad substrate scope with good yields. We demonstrated the gram‐scale synthesis and post‐synthetic modifications.
Access to Transition Planning and Support for Young People Who Self‐Place When in Out‐Of‐Home Care: The Perspectives of Young People and Practitioners
Authors: Venables Jemma , Simpson Reeves Laura , Ellem Kathy , Healy Karen , Cullin Joel
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the experiences of young people in Queensland, Australia, under child protection orders who leave approved out‐of‐home care placements (e.g., foster; residential care) to stay in unapproved locations (e.g., sleeping on the streets; staying with friends, family/kin, or strangers). This phenomenon is commonly referred to as ‘self‐placing’. Young people who self‐place are at increased risk of homelessness, exploitation, contact with the justice system, and disconnection from support services, including education and health care. We argue that this disconnection from formal support impedes their access to transition care planning and support—factors internationally recognised as essential for enhancing outcomes for care leavers. Our paper draws on qualitative interviews with 11 young people with experience of self‐placing and focus group data involving 26 statutory child protection practitioners and 17 specialist non‐government practitioners. We describe the ways in which self‐placing was perceived to shape young people's access to, and practitioners' ability to provide, transition planning and support. We identify ongoing gaps and examples of good practice to inform more robust transition from care policies that are responsive to the needs of this marginalised cohort.
Homelessness and Housing Instability Among Care Leavers in Australia: Exploring Housing Pathways and Best Practice Housing Models
Authors: Zhao Yujie , Waugh Jacinta
Published: January 2025

A significant proportion of young people exiting Out‐of‐Home Care (OOHC) encounter substantial challenges in securing housing, often leading to homelessness within a few months after leaving care. All Australian jurisdictions have now approved extended care programs up to 21 years; however, none of them currently offer these young people guaranteed accommodation options. This study aims to explore the factors underlying poor housing outcomes among care leavers and to develop a best practice model that complements the extended care framework in Australia, thereby addressing or ameliorating homelessness issues among these young adults. A scoping review of 18 scholarly articles and seven grey literature reports supplemented by ancestral search forms the basis of a thematic analysis. This analysis reveals factors contributing to negative and positive housing outcomes for young people related to OOHC transitional processes in Australia and Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) nations. It includes evaluations of the implementation of extended care and of housing programs in these countries. By analysing current extended care policies in each jurisdiction, as well as literature featuring good post‐care housing practices both locally and internationally, five key principles have been identified for a best practice model.
Validating the Accuracy of Parkinson's Disease Clinical Diagnosis: A UK Brain Bank Case–Control Study
Authors: di Biase Lazzaro , Pecoraro Pasquale Maria , Di Lazzaro Vincenzo
Published: January 2025

Objective

Despite diagnostic criteria refinements, Parkinson's disease (PD) clinical diagnosis still suffers from a not satisfying accuracy, with the post‐mortem examination as the gold standard for diagnosis. Seminal clinicopathological series highlighted that a relevant number of patients alive‐diagnosed with idiopathic PD have an alternative post‐mortem diagnosis. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of PD comparing the in‐vivo clinical diagnosis with the post‐mortem diagnosis performed through the pathological examination in 2 groups.

Methods

In this retrospective case–control study, patients and healthy subjects who consented to the post‐mortem pathological diagnosis at the UK Brain Bank were consecutively enrolled from the UK Brain Bank. Medical records were reviewed to classify participants and performance metrics were further calculated using neuropathological diagnosis as the gold standard.

Results

Four thousand five hundred seventy one subjects were eligible for the study. The clinical diagnosis group was: 1,048 Parkinson's patients and 1,242 healthy subjects. Pathology diagnosis group were: 996 Parkinson's patients and 1,288 subjects with no post‐mortem abnormality. For the group of clinical diagnosis, PD diagnosis showed: sensitivity of 99%, specificity of 86%, accuracy of 90.96%, F1‐Score 0.89, and a receiver operating characteristics area under the curve (ROC AUC) 0.925 (SE ± 0.006) [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.913, 0.937], 𝑝<0.001. In this group, the most frequent pathology diagnosis among clinically misdiagnosed PD (false positive) patients was dementia with Lewy bodies (19.4%). Conversely, the most frequent clinical diagnosis among PD missed clinical diagnosis (false negative) patients was Alzheimer's disease (18.5%).

Interpretation

Our findings confirm a still significant diagnostic error and emphasize the need for more fine and homogeneous criteria to classify idiopathic Parkinson's patients correctly. ANN NEUROL 2025
Topological Supramolecular Complexation of Metal‐Organic Polyhedra for Tunable Interconnected Hierarchical Microporosity in Amorphous Form
Authors: Liu Yuan , Xue Binghui , Chen Jiadong , Cai Jinling , Yin Panchao
Published: January 2025

The precise engineering of microporosity is challenging due to the interference at the sub‐nm scale from unexpected structural flexibility and molecular packing. Herein, the concept of topological supramolecular complexation is proposed for the feasible fabrication of hierarchical microporosity with broad tunability in amorphous form. The 2.5 nm metal‐organic polyhedra (MOP) are complexed with quadridentate ligands through hydrogen and coordination bonding while the mismatch between the MOPs’ cuboctahedron and ligands’ tetrahedron topology leads to frustrated packing with extrinsic microporosity. Amorphous supramolecular frameworks can be obtained that integrate the intrinsic microporosity of the MOPs with the extrinsic porosity from the frustrated packing. The topologies, sizes and flexibility of ligands as well as ligand/MOP ratios are systemically varied, and the pore size distribution can be precisely adjusted. The hierarchical structures ranging from molecular packing to the morphologies of meso‐scale assemblies are probed using ultra‐small, small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, enabling the quantitative evaluation of the micropores interconnectivity for the understanding of gas permeation performance. Gas separation membranes with permselectivity surpassing the Robeson upper bound can be designed. The findings not only give insight into the microscopic mechanism of supramolecular frustrated packing from topological design, but also pave new avenues for the cost‐effective fabrications of microporous frameworks.
Nanopore‐Based High‐Resolution Detection of Multiple Post‐Translational Modifications in Protein
Authors: Li Ziyi , Yi Yakun , Zhang Yun , Xiao Yuanyuan , Ren Qianyuan , Zhou Ke , Liu Lei , Wu Hai‐Chen
Published: January 2025

Protein post‐translational modifications (PTMs) play crucial roles in various cellular processes. Despite their significance, only a few PTMs have been extensively studied at the proteome level, primarily due to the scarcity of reliable, convenient, and low‐cost sensing methods. Here, we present a straightforward and effective strategy for detecting PTMs on short peptides through host‐guest interaction‐assisted nanopore sensing. Our results demonstrate that the identity of 13 types of PTMs in a specific position of a phenylalanine‐containing peptide could be determined via current blockage during translocation of the peptide through α‐hemolysin nanopores in the presence of cucurbit[7]uril. Furthermore, we extend this strategy by incorporating a short peptide into the probe, enabling the discrimination of various PTMs, positional isomers, and even multiple PTMs on the target peptide. With ongoing improvements, our method holds promise for practical applications in sensing PTMs in biologically relevant samples, offering an efficient alternative to traditional mass spectrometry approaches.
Assessing Trends and Challenges: Insights From 30 Years of Monitoring and Management of Threatened Southern Atlantic Salmon Populations
Authors: García‐Vega Ana , Fuentes‐Pérez Juan Francisco , Bravo‐Córdoba Francisco Javier , Elso Josu , Ardaiz‐Ganuza José , Sanz‐Ronda Francisco Javier
Published: January 2025

The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) has suffered significant population declines worldwide, prompting urgent conservation efforts, especially in its southern distribution area. This study is aimed at characterising the population dynamics of Atlantic salmon in the Bidasoa River (Spain), by focusing on fluctuations and long‐term trends in salmon returns, population characteristics and effects of angling and stocking activities. For this, monitoring data spanning three decades (1993–2023) from a salmon monitoring station and anglers' captures were used together with data on stocking activities provided by the Fish Management Section of the Navarre Government. Results reveal cyclical patterns driven by three distinctive wavelengths linked to the salmon life cycle, climatic variations and local habitat and connectivity improvements. The Bidasoa population was primarily dominated by one‐sea‐winter males returning during the autumn–winter season. Over the study period, a significant reduction in body size was observed, likely reflecting challenging marine conditions. Angling pressure was notably skewed towards multi‐sea‐winter females, which could influence natural recruitment dynamics. Despite the low mean stocking return rate of stocked salmon (0.13%), they contributed to one‐third of the annual returns, underscoring their potential role in supporting population persistence albeit at the expense of reducing natural spawning, amid broader ecological challenges. This study provides valuable insights into the complex interplay of ecological and anthropogenic factors affecting Atlantic salmon populations in southern European rivers. These insights are crucial for developing and implementing effective conservation strategies aimed at preserving the Atlantic salmon, a species of significant cultural and ecological importance.
Biofuel policies used by IEA Bioenergy Task 39 countries: the transition to using the carbon intensity (CI) of biofuels to set targets
Authors: Mohammadi Hana , Saddler Jack
Published: January 2025

The International Energy Agency (IEA) Bioenergy Task 39 countries share a collective ambition to decarbonize their transport sectors, with biofuels and ‘enabling’ policies playing a key role in achieving this goal. ‘Market‐pull’ and ‘technology‐push’ policies have been used successfully, with countries' targets often set using volumetric or energy content values. However, more recently, policies that address carbon emissions have increased in importance. For example, California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard has been pioneered at the state level and the USA's Inflation Reduction Act/ Renewable Fuels Standard and Europe's Renewable Energy Directives/RefuelEU policies have highlighted the importance of reducing the carbon intensity of biofuels. Although various policies will continue to be important if the transport sector is to decarbonize, technology‐agnostic policies that reduce the carbon intensity of fuels will become increasingly important. The work of IEA Bioenergy Task 39 has provided an international compare‐and‐contrast forum to assess biofuel policy development.
Mindfulness Practice and Work Performance: The Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Capital
Authors: Long Hoang Cuu , An Ho Minh , Dung Pham Thi Phuong , Quy Nguyen Le Dinh
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The practice of mindfulness is becoming more widespread among employees, with potential benefits for workplace outcomes. However, there is a paucity of research on the mechanisms linking mindfulness to job performance.

Method

This study investigated the mediating functions of emotional intelligence and psychological capital in the relationship between mindfulness and job performance among 263 office employees in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The “mindfulness‐to‐meaning” viewpoint posits that through the practice of mindfulness, people are able to transcend negative emotions, gain a deeper understanding of themselves, and progress more intentionally by living more consciously in the present moment. Participants completed questionnaires measuring mindfulness, emotional intelligence, psychological capital, and occupational performance.

Finding

According to the results of structural equation modeling, mindfulness has a direct positive influence on job performance. In addition, emotional intelligence partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and performance, as evidenced by a greater indirect effect than direct effect. However, the indirect effect via psychological capital was less significant than the direct effect of mindfulness. These findings identify emotional intelligence as a key personal resource that transmits the positive effects of mindfulness on workplace performance.

Conclusion

The results advance comprehension of intermediary pathways in mindfulness research grounded in the resource‐based view. Integrating emotional intelligence training into mindfulness programs could increase employee productivity in organizations.
From Demand to Impact: Can Sustainable Banking Services Advance UN Sustainable Development Goals?
Authors: Taneja Shilpa , Siraj Ahsan , Mathiyazhagan Kaliyan , Khorana Sangeeta
Published: January 2025

In response to growing climate change debate and sustainability concerns, business organizations must adopt relevant sustainable strategies aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN‐SDGs). Extant research examines integration of sustainability in banking and finance, but demand‐side mechanisms influencing sustainable banking remain underresearched. With a mixed‐method approach, we analyse how consumers' adoption of sustainable banking services can be augmented in order to contribute to the SDG attainment. We develop a model that integrates theory of planned behaviour (TPB), value‐belief‐norm, and goal framing theory. Using focus group discussions and structural equation modelling, the results indicate that TPB variables, environment‐specific factors and altruistic values significantly influence adoption behaviour, with interesting mediating effects. We highlight the moderating role of biospheric, altruistic and hedonic values on linkage between intentions and behaviour. The study provides a comprehensive framework to assess demand‐side perspective of sustainable banking and offers insights to managers and policymakers on strategies for promoting these services for sustainable development.
Technological Advancement in Product Valorization of Agricultural Wastes Treated with Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Review
Authors: Quraishi Raushan , Haldar Dibyajyoti
Published: January 2025

The current review article investigates the potential for producing highly valuable items solely from agricultural wastes treated with deep eutectic solvents (DES). A thorough explanation of the DES s’ reaction mechanism and biomass‐treating capabilities is provided, shedding light on how green pretreatment methods can be applied to agricultural wastes in order to form high‐value products. In view of that, the influences of crucial properties of DES like viscosity, density, and recycling ability of DES are well analyzed. This review article's next goal is to compile the most recent developments for the years 2018–2023 on DES‐based valorization of agricultural wastes into a range of products, including biogas such as biohydrogen, liquid biofuels like bioethanol and butanol, and platform chemicals and reagents that are followed by novel materials. A discussion of the current criticalities and prospective avenues for further research concluded the paper. For this reason, having a thorough grasp of product value in one review paper from the potential of DES to agricultural wastes will be very helpful to the readers.
A Rare Case of Facial Arteriovenous Malformation in a 3‐Year‐Old Female
Authors: Pedun Bernadette , Pitua Ivaan , Bongomin Felix , Nabbosa Valeria , Bugeza Samuel
Published: January 2025

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly involving abnormal artery–vein connections that bypass the capillary system. AVMs are particularly uncommon in young children. A 3‐year‐old girl presented with a painless, progressively enlarging left cheek swelling since birth. Clinical examination showed left facial asymmetry with a nontender, pulsatile mass in the left parotid region without skin changes or visible collateral vessels. Computed tomography angiography revealed an enhancing mass in the left parotid region with feeding and draining vessels. The patient was referred to vascular surgery for further management. AVM's rarity in pediatrics highlights the need for further research in genetic and developmental factors, aiming to improve early detection, management, and outcomes for affected children.
Development of Triphenylamine Derived Photosensitizers for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution from Water
Authors: Wen Yudong , Fan Linyu , Yao Xiao , Ho Cheuk‐Lam
Published: January 2025

A series of new (donor)₂‐donor‐π‐acceptor (D2‐D‐π‐A) and (acceptor)₂‐donor‐π‐acceptor (A2‐D‐π‐A) organic photosensitizers based on the framework of (Z)‐2‐cyano‐3‐(5‐(4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)acrylic acid have been synthesized and characterized. By incorporating groups with different electron‐donating or withdrawing abilities, such as dibenzothiophene (DBT), dibenzofuran (DBF), and triazine (TA), into the triphenylamine segment, their photophysical properties have been regulated. Theoretical calculations were used to explore how various donor‐acceptor combinations influence their hydrogen production performance. Notably, DBF‐CN achieved the highest turnover number (TON) of 10,202 and an initial turnover frequency (TOFi) of 151.6 h−1 under green light irradiation, with an initial activity (Activityi) of 113,532 μmol g−1 h−1 and an apparent quantum yield (AQYi) of 0.76 %. This dye‐sensitized‐TiO2‐Pt system is recognized as one of the most efficient and durable systems for photocatalytic hydrogen production under green light irradiation, as described in the literature, when compared using TOF and TON values. Experimental results indicate that the D2‐D‐π‐A system significantly enhances photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) performance more effectively than the A2‐D‐π‐A system, while also maintaining stability under prolonged light exposure.
Artemisieverolides A—G, Sesquiterpenoid Trimers from Artemisia sieversiana and Their Antihepatic Fibrosis Activity
Authors: Weng Yan‐Mei , Li Tian‐Ze , Huang Xiao‐Yan , Li Qi‐Hao , Chen Rong‐Kai , Chen Ji‐Jun
Published: January 2025

Comprehensive Summary

Artemisieverolides A—G (1—7), seven unreported sesquiterpenoid trimers, were isolated from Artemisia sieversiana (Asteraceae), and elucidated by comprehensive spectral data and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1, 2, 4 and 6 were unambiguously determined by the single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Artemisieverolide A (1) was an unprecedented guaianolide sesquiterpenoid trimer featuring a rare 5/7/4/7/5 carbon skeleton biogenetically derived from [2+2] cycloaddition and a 2‐methylbicyclo[2.2.1]‐2‐heptene ring through a Diels‐Alder (D‐A) reaction. Artemisieverolides B—G (2—7) were guaianolide sesquiterpenoid trimers generated by two D‐A reactions. Compounds 3, 4, and 5 exhibited inhibitory activities on the proliferation of HSC‐LX‐2 with the IC50 values of 52.6, 58.4, and 54.8 μmol/L, and were about 3 folds more active than silybin (IC50 = 149.4 μmol/L). Furthermore, compounds 2 and 7 suppressed the expression of collagen I in TGF‐β1‐stimulated HSC‐LX‐2.
ABT, Elacridar and Bile‐Duct Cannulated Rats: Tools to Understand Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Ouvry Gilles
Published: January 2025

Optimizing pharmacokinetics is an integral part of drug design, albeit a lesser understood one from the medicinal chemist's perspective. Over the years, molecular tools and experimental strategies have been developed to better understand the fate of compounds. Among these, the use of aminobenzotriazole (ABT), elacridar and bile‐duct cannulated rats have been instrumental in gaining valuable PK insights, with a direct impact on drug design.
Efficacy and Safety of CART Cell Therapy in Aggressive B‐Cell Lymphomas Involving the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Ma Lixia , Dou Yimeng , Liu Rui , Xu Teng , Yang Fan , Zheng Peihao , Feng Shaomei , Guo Yuelu , Shi Hui , Xue Fei , Deng Biping , Ke Xiaoyan , Hu Kai
Published: January 2025

Objective

Currently, chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CART) therapy represents a highly effective approach for relapsed/refractory B‐cell lymphomas. However, it also carries treatment‐related risks. Limited data are available on the risks associated with CART therapy in patients with gastrointestinal involvement in B‐cell lymphomas. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to address this gap in knowledge.

Methods

During the period from May 2019 to August 2022, a total of 26 patients recurrent/refractory with recurrent/refractory B‐cell lymphoma involving the gastrointestinal tract enrolled. Pathology confirmed CD19 antigen expression in tumor tissues. The disease status of patients who failed multiple lines of therapy was progressive disease (PD). Before CART cell infusion, patients received an FC regimen (fludarabine and cyclophosphamide) lymphodepletion. Quantitative PCR and flow cytometry were adopted for monitoring CART cell kinetics and function, with a focus on gastrointestinal AEs during treatment. The overall response rate (ORR) of the 26 patients was 61.5% (16/26), while the complete response rate (CR) was 23.1% (6/26). Their median follow‐up time was 22.49 months, while the medians of overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were 10.88 and 5.47 months, respectively. The 1‐year OS and PFS rates were 45% and 42.3%, respectively. The prevalence of gastrointestinal complications was 21/26 (80.7%), including gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 11/26 (42.3%), emesis and diarrhea in 9/26 (34.6%), as well as intestinal obstruction in 2/26 (7.7%). A total of three patients (3/26, 11.5%) died of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The gastrointestinal hemorrhage group exhibited markedly lower ORR and inferior OS compared to the non‐hemorrhage group.

Conclusion

Generally, the CART cell therapy is valid in relapsed/refractory B‐cell lymphoma with gastrointestinal involvement, but gastrointestinal bleeding is a unique risk factor that requires special attention, particularly in patients with high gastrointestinal tumor burden, as it is associated with poor efficacy and survival.
A 300 kyr record of past hydroclimate change from alluvial fans in the southern Central Andes
Authors: D'Arcy Mitch K. , Schildgen Taylor F. , Bonnet Stéphane , Duesing Walter , Tofelde Stefanie , Roda‐Boluda Duna C. , Wittmann Hella , Mey Jürgen , Murray Andrew S. , Alonso Ricardo N. , Strecker Manfred R.
Published: January 2025

Alluvial fans are hypothesised to record signals of past hydroclimate changes in their depositional chronologies and slopes. However, direct tests of this hypothesis have been limited due to challenges in precisely dating the responses of alluvial fans to past climate forcing. Here, we present a new chronology of alluvial‐fan deposition at the Sierra de Aconquija in the southern Central Andes (27°S) spanning ~300 kyr and based on 35 cosmogenic 10Be‐derived exposure ages and eight infrared‐stimulated (IRSL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages. The ages reveal that fan deposition was phased with past climate changes. Orbitally‐forced weakening and strengthening of the South American Summer Monsoon coincided with fan aggradation during dry episodes and incision during wetter episodes, consistent with predictions from alluvial‐channel models. These results are in precise agreement with independent palaeoclimate constraints spanning timescales of 103 to 105 years. Fan aggradation‐incision cycles record a predominant influence of precession‐induced variations in precipitation, although climate shifts as rapid as 1 kyr also triggered incision, and fan architecture appears to be further modulated by orbital eccentricity cycles. Incision events on the fans coincide with the ages of moraines in the headwater catchments, including those formed during the Younger Dryas and Last Glacial Maximum. Furthermore, the fan chronology indicates dry conditions in the southern Central Andes during Heinrich Stadial 1, suggesting that enhanced precipitation during this episode was limited to more northerly latitudes. Our results demonstrate that climate change exerts a primary control on simple, source‐to‐sink sedimentary systems and show that alluvial fans can, in some cases, be utilised as terrestrial palaeoclimate archives with which the spatio‐temporal variability of past climate changes can be constrained.
Rhabdomyosarcoma With EWSR1::NF2 Gene Fusion: A Case Report Potentially Expanding Its Genetic Spectrum
Authors: Saoud Carla , Gundem Gunes , Domenico Dylan , Arango‐Ossa Juan E. , Reed Damon , Vaynrub Max , Papaemmanouil Elli , Bale Tejus A. , Linos Konstantinos
Published: January 2025

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, presenting with heterogeneous clinical and molecular subtypes. While gene fusions are predominantly associated with alveolar RMS, spindle cell RMS, especially congenital and intraosseous variants, are also linked to specific gene fusions. Furthermore, recently, FGFR1 kinase‐driven RMSs were published. Here, we describe a case of RMS harboring an EWSR1::NF2 gene fusion, a deletion‐driven genetic alteration that has not been previously documented in RMS or other soft tissue tumors. The patient was a 29‐year‐old female who presented with a lobulated ankle mass. Histologic examination revealed a malignant round cell tumor extensively infiltrating large nerve bundles. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated rhabdomyoblastic differentiation, consistent with rhabdomyosarcoma. While some areas showed features resembling the sclerosing and others the embryonal subtypes, the overall findings were considered unclassifiable. Targeted RNA sequencing revealed EWSR1(exon 9):: NF2(exon 7) gene fusion, which was confirmed on whole genome and targeted DNA sequencing. The latter did not yield specific diagnostic insights but revealed mutations in TSC2 (p.T1330M), ZFHX3 (p.A301T), and a NOTCH3 rearrangement, all of unknown oncogenic significance. MYC gene amplification was detected, but there was no evidence of chromosome 8 amplification or chromosome 11p15 loss of heterozygosity. Whole genome sequencing revealed a low tumor mutation burden (2.69/Mb) and showed no other significant potentially oncogenic events. DNA methylation studies using dimensionality reduction and unsupervised clustering placed the case within the embryonal RMS subtype. Although the absence of other oncogenic driver alterations suggests that the fusion may have played a pivotal role in pathogenesis, we cannot exclude the possibility that it represents a passenger alteration rather than a true driver mutation. If the former is true, further studies will be required to determine whether this fusion represents a novel RMS subtype or a rare driver in existing subtypes of RMS.
Evaluating and Modelling Soil Detachment Capacity in Rills After Treatment With Biochar From Solid Waste of Olive Oil Mills
Authors: Parhizkar Misagh , Lucas‐Borja Manuel Esteban , Zema Demetrio Antonio
Published: January 2025

Although being a viable substrate to reduce soil erosion, the effects of biochar from solid waste of olive oil mills (OMSW biochar) on soil detachment capacity in rills (Dc) has never been explored. Furthermore, no equations have been proposed to predict important parameters (soil erodibility factor, Kr, shear stress, τ, and its critical value, τc, for rills) of this hydrological process in treated soils. This study was conducted in agro‐forest sites of Northern Iran to evaluate Dc and key properties of soils–organic carbon (OC), aggregate stability (MWD), bulk density (BD) and carbon exchange capacity (CEC)—treated with OMSW biochar in comparison to untreated sites through flume experiments. Moreover, regression models were developed to predict Dc, Kr and τc for both treated and untreated soils. Compared with the untreated soil, the application of this biochar noticeably increased OC (+85%), MWD (+51%) and CEC (+101%), and reduced BD (−11%) and Dc (−31%). The correlation analysis revealed significant but not high associations between physical properties on one the hand, and soil detachment capacity in rills, on the other hand. Overall, the soil treatment with OMSW biochar impacted agro‐forest soils to a severe extent. Treated soils were discriminated from untreated sites into two distinct groups by the principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis. The linear equations interpolating Dc and τ estimated Kr, and τc with accuracy in treated and untreated soils (r2 > 0.74, p < 0.05). The best prediction capacity of Dc was given by power equations applied to the stream power (r2 > 0.78, p < 0.05). The multiple regression equation developed to estimate Dc from the water flow rate and soil slope was also very accurate (r2 > 0.95 and NSE, coefficient of Nash and Sutcliffe, > 0.89). These results help land managers and hydrologists to control and predict rill detachment in long and steep hillslopes against the risk of soil erosion.
Changes in Serum Immunoglobulin Levels Play as Predictors of Treatment Response and Prognosis in Pediatric Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome During the Remission Phase
Authors: sadat Sharif Amin , Nickravesh Naghmeh , Heidarzadeh Arani Marzieh , Azadchehr Mohammad Javad , Motedayyen Hossein
Published: January 2025

Background

Nephrotic syndrome is an immune‐mediated renal disorder characterized by T‐cell and B‐cell dysfunctions with changes in immunoglobulin (Ig) levels and the IgG:IgM ratio. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether the serum level of Igs can be considered as an index to predict the response to treatment and the prognosis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children in the remission phase.

Methods

The study population consisted of 38 children with INS in the remission phase and 38 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy children. Blood samples were collected from participants and serum values of IgG, IgM, IgE, and IgA were measured using EISA KITS from Aptech Services. The IgG:IgM ratio was studied in the participants.

Results

Patients significantly increased IgM and IgE levels compared with healthy subjects, unlike IgG and IgA values (p < 0.001–0.05). Patients with steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) had a significant increase in IgM levels compared with those with steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) (p < 0.05). While, subjects with SRNS showed significant reductions in IgG and IgA values (p < 0.01). There were significant differences in the levels of IgG and IgM between steroid‐sensitive patients with and without a history of relapse (p < 0.01). Furthermore, patients with steroid‐independent and frequently relapsing NS showed a significant increase in IgE value compared with that of subjects with steroid‐dependent and relapse (p < 0.05). The ratio of IgG/IgM was significantly reduced in patients compared with healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Other results indicated that there was a significant difference between patients with steroid‐independent and steroid‐dependent who had a history of relapse (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Alterations in serum Ig values can be considered as predictors of treatment response and prognosis in pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome during the remission phase.
Muscle invasive bladder cancer treated with gemcitabine plus cisplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy during the second trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Sasaki Takeshi , Ryota Ikadai , Ishiyama Akinobu , Takakura Sho , Kato Momoko , Owa Shunsuke , Nishikawa Taketomo , Higashi Shinichiro , Nishikawa Kouhei , Inoue Takahiro
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Muscle invasive bladder cancer during pregnancy is scarcely reported.

Case presentation

A 41‐year‐old ex‐smoker Asian female, managed with clean intermittent catheterization for 3 years due to neurogenic bladder caused by spinal cord disease, presented with gross hematuria at 10 weeks of gestation. The patient was diagnosed with muscle invasive bladder cancer, cT3aN0M0. Maternal treatment was prioritized and gemcitabine plus cisplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy was started at 17 weeks of gestation. Cesarean section was performed at 32 weeks of gestation, followed by robot‐assisted radical cystectomy 3 weeks later. Histopathological examination revealed urothelial carcinoma, G3, ypT3b. Postoperative adjuvant nivolumab followed by enfortumab vedotin was not successful and the patient died 8 months after robot‐assisted radical cystectomy. Unfortunately, the premature infant with congenital heart disease died of necrotizing enterocolitis at 1‐month‐old.

Conclusion

Gemcitabine plus cisplatin chemotherapy in the patient with muscle invasive bladder cancer during pregnancy was safe but ultimately resulted in unfavorable outcomes in this case.