bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcers Among patients in Babylon, Iraq
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Iraq., Fadheel Qayssar Joudah , Al-Sultani Bashar Sami Salman ,   Babylon Health Directorate, Babylon, Iraq.
Published: March 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is defined as an endocrine progressive disease, characterized by either absence of insulin or lack of the response to the action of insulin by the peripheral tissue. It needs an intensive monitoring and control for level of glucose in the blood or it would progress to dangerous micro- and macro- complications. Aim: assess the prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers among diabetic patients in Babylon, Iraq and its relationship to patient’s sociodemographic and living properties. The variables encompassed in this study consist of education level, gender, age, area of residence, marital status, monthly family income, body mass index (BMI), day of walk-in, smoking habits, presence of hypertension, family history of foot ulcers, and duration of diabetes. Method: the data has been collected from hospitalized patients or those who come to the hospital to reveal their pathological condition by asking the patient directly or indirectly by asking an accompanying relative several questions using a specific questionnaires form. Results: The Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) was in males more than in females, and nearly half of patients were overweight. There were non-significant differences between hypertensive and non-hypertensive individuals, and family history of diabetic foot ulcer. Meanwhile, there was a substantial difference in the, smoking, and duration of diabetes among study population. Conclusion: Diabetic foot ulcer is a serious complication of diabetic disease and it is more common among diabetic patients who are overweight, smokers, unable to walk, uneducated, poor, urban and those with family history of diabetic foot ulcers so the findings reveal that foot ulcers in diabetic patients become a main health problem, so that better approaches and preventive measures should be done to deal with the epidemic.
Macroeconomic Factors and Economic Development: An Insight into China Economy Using ARDL Approach
Authors: Mumtaz Raheel , Hussain Khalid , Khan Shoaib Masood
Published: March 2024

It is difficult to identify the factors that drive the macroeconomic growth of developing countries because of the social, infrastructural, and governance factors involved. To verify the existence of this connection, this study examines the macroeconomic variables that have influenced China's economy from 1979 to 2020, using data acquired from the world development indicators. Through the use of the ARDL bound model test, it is shown that China's economy is positively impacted by factors such as capital formation, government spending, foreign direct investment (FDI), exchange rate, human capital development, and trade openness over both the long and the short term. On the other hand, inflation has a detrimental impact on economic growth both in the long run and in the short run. Consequently, the real GDP per capita should be increased, human capital should be strengthened, trade should be reformed, and macroeconomic circumstances should be stabilized under fiscal and monetary policy. By enhancing human capital, and foreign direct investment, reforming government expenditures, and lowering inflation, China has the potential to achieve sustainable economic development. This study offers scholars and policymakers a fresh econometric examination of the primary macroeconomic elements that are contributing to the economy.
Evaluating Corporate labor practices and decent work disclosure aligned with Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G4 Standards
Authors: Noreen Shumaila , Ali Fouzia Hadi
Published: March 2024

This paper explores corporate labor practices and decent work disclosure by adopting a framework of Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards among listed manufacturing firms in Pakistan. For this purpose, the data collected from PSX-listed manufacturing companies over a five-year span started from the fiscal year 2017 through 2021. For this purpose, this study utilized 15 sub-dimensions of social sustainability based on the Global Reporting Initiative as benchmarks for corporate labor and decent work disclosure. The findings demonstrate that the TAI score of labor and decent work disclosure increased year over year by 18.40 in 2017 and reached 22.30 in 2021. Companies' annual or CSR repost encompasses labor practices and formally reports them. The checklist item "Employment" in this study's focused point and commonly disclosed element. Companies disclose less information regarding "labor-management relations" and "diversity and equal opportunity" issues. Only six companies, Fauji Fertilizer, Fatima Fertilizer, Atlas Honda, Crescent Steel, ICI Pakistan, and Akzo Nobel, have fully GRI-based disclosure practices, according to the brief document analysis. In contrast, other companies are on the way to following the GRI guidelines, SDGs, and labor laws. The findings imply that stakeholder theory and legitimacy are relevant in explaining labor disclosure (LAD) information.
A Case Study of Large Language Models' Effectiveness in Diverse Business Applications: Developing a Universal Integration Framework
Authors: Lawrence Leonardo , Butler Jeffrey
Published: March 2024

In an era where data-driven decision-making is paramount, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful tool for businesses across various sectors. However, the integration of these models into diverse business contexts presents unique challenges, ranging from technical implementation to strategic alignment with business goals. This research aims to build a comprehensive framework for the effective integration of LLMs into different business environments. By thoroughly exploring and documenting a variety of practical use cases of LLMs, the study develops a set of best practice guidelines tailored for businesses. These guidelines are designed to assist companies, irrespective of their industry, in leveraging the advanced capabilities of LLMs for enhanced data analysis, strategic decision-making, and operational efficiency. The research combines theoretical insights with practical applications, aiming to bridge the gap between the expanding field of LLMs and the evolving needs of the business world. The expected outcome of this research is a versatile, scalable, and accessible framework that empowers businesses to harness the full potential of LLMs, driving innovation and competitive advantage in the data-centric corporate landscape.
Political Reform in Jordan (2011- 2022) Positioning Youth Political Participation in Large Power Distance National Culture
Authors: Haddad Eva Riad , Amer Hisham Nabeel Adeeb Bani
Published: March 2024

The engagement of youth in the formal political process is essential not only in building stable and peaceful societies but also in developing policies that respond to the specific needs of younger generations. This study aims to model the impact of the large power distance dimension of culture in developing youth political participation in Jordan. The study will also compare the efforts of Jordan in promoting political participation among youth in 2011 and 2021 as part of political reform strategies. It also provides potential solutions that will lead the way to a more inclusive national culture. The study utilized the power distance index of Hofstede's cultural dimension. The result of the study revealed that the Jordanian culture is dynamic, and as such may witness a level of transformation, while keeping the power vertical, through the active involvement and engagement of youth in the political process and decision-making through unconventional participation. Thus, creating both committees clarifies the placement of youth in political participation in large power distance natural culture, where the gap is wider than expected. It was recommended that youth should take bold steps in establishing promising networks in their field of expertise, social circle, and beyond. They should eliminate barriers to engagement in political participation including the creation of parties that are based on ideologies and aspirations.
ANALISIS PENGODEAN DIAGNOSA UTAMA BERDASARKAN ICD 10 DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH (RSUD) dr. RASIDIN PADANG
Authors: Haq Afdhal Dinil , Mandia Sayati , Oktavia Dewi
Published: March 2024

Coding is one of the competencies of medical records which has a very important role in supporting the improvement of the quality of health services. Coding of an accurate, complete and consistent diagnosis will produce quality data. Quality of coded data is important for Health Information Management personnel because it is not only related to the quality of health services but also related to claiming costs and hospital development in the future. this was done at the Regional General Hospital dr. Rasidin Padang in January 2019. This study aims to determine the most major diagnoses based on ICD 10 at dr. Rasidin Padang in 2019. This study used a retrospective descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The research design used in this study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population used by all patient medical record files in January 2019 was 295 medical record files. The results of this study showed that the top five main diagnoses in January 2019 were, 18 patients with dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), 17 patients with Bronchopneumpnia, 14 patients with Diabetes Mellitus, 11 patients with Hyperemesis Gravidarum and 10 patients with Benign Neoplasm.
Analisis Pengelompokan Diagnosis Utama Berdasarkan ICD- 10 Di Rumah Sakit Kota Padang
Authors: Hakim Arifanil , Mayasari Nila
Published: March 2024

Medical record is a description of patient identification, patient examination, diagnosis, treatment, actions and other services, whether carried out by doctors and dentists or other health workers in accordance with their competence. In conducting statistical analysis of health care can be done by using quantitative analysis which explains information in the form of numbers so that the results will be easier to use in decision making. Data collection was carried out at the hospital by recording the data of inpatients who went home, so that data were obtained as many as 554 patients with a total of 179 beds. Data processing is done using a computer with Microsoft Excel application program. Furthermore, the data were analyzed and the results of statistical processing of health care were presented in the form of tables and graphs of Barber Johnson. Most diagnoses were Bronchopneumonia with code J18.0 as many as 24 patients. The main diagnosis grouping based on defecation in ICD-10 the most diagnosis was CHAPTER XI (Disease of Digestive system) of 15.88% as many as 88 patients. The most procedures were Lithotomy Kidney with procedure code 55.01 totaling 14 patients. The main diagnosis according to the most DTD with code DTD 215 (urolithiasis) as many as 30 patients. Based on the RL4a report, the most age group was the age group of 25-44 years with 165 patients, based on female sex as many as 102 patients and male as many as 63 patients, while based on the disposition of life 551 patients, and 3 patients died. After processing the data, BOR was obtained as much as 35.66% or 36%, this BOR value was not efficient. BTR as much as 3.09 times for the efficient number of BTR is per year, then BTR cannot be calculated. IT is

6.44 days or 6 days, the obtained IT value is not efficient and ALOS is 3.57 days or 4 days, the ALOS value obtained is inefficient.
Analisis Indikator Pelayanan Rawat Inap Kasus Covid-19 di RSUD Harapan dan Doa Kota Bengkulu Tahun 2021
Authors: Heltiani Nofri , Arifin Ismail , Purnomo Joko
Published: March 2024

The importance of calculating inpatient indicators as information on RL1 data which is the hospital's basic data. Based on the results of interviews with IRNA Isolation Covid-19 officers during the pandemic, the implementation of SHRI did not run so that the calculation of the BOR, AvLOS, TOI, BTO, GDR and NDR indicator values was not carried out because the SHRI data was not obtained and processed to determine the value of inpatient service indicators. The impact of not doing it on the manufacture of RL1 which is not precise and accurate so that it does not produce up-to-date data. This study aims to determine the indicators of inpatient services for COVID-19 cases for the period January to August at Harapan and Doa Hospitals, Bengkulu City in 2021. This type of research is descriptive with a cross sectional approach. The population and sample in this study were data on visits to COVID-19 patients for the period January to August 2021 as many as 965 patients, the total population sampling technique. The data used in this study is secondary which is processed and analyzed univariately using the formula for inpatient indicators. The results obtained from the calculation of values for the period January to August 2021 are BOR 34.92 (not ideal), AvLOS 5.22 (not ideal), TOI 9.92 (not ideal), BTO 15.93 (not ideal), GDR 64.86 (not ideal) and NDR 23.01 (ideal). The indicator values for inpatient services for Covid-19 cases for the period January to August 2021, namely BOR, AvLOS, TOI, BTO, GDR have not been efficient, but the NDR value is efficient. Hospitals should improve medical services for Covid-19 patients and increase efficiency and effectiveness as consideration for decision-making and planning strategies for the following year in the service of Covid-19 patients.
Analisis Statistik Asuhan Kesehatan Dalam Meningkatkan Jumlah Kunjungan Pasien
Authors: Khairiyah Afira Putri
Published: March 2024

Health care statistics are useful as a basis for comparing hospital performance in the past with current and future plans, especially on the level of patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the statistical benefits of health care in increasing the number of patient visits at RSI Ibnu Sina Padang. The data processed is secondary data of inpatients at RSI Ibnu Sina Padang in the period 1 March - 30 April 2019 data obtained from 993 patients with 124 beds, then data processing was carried out using the Microsoft Excel application program. Statistical processing was analyzed and presented in the form of tables and graphs by Barber Johnson. The BOR result is 31.90%, it is not efficient because the BOR efficiency is 60–85%. BTR is 8.01 times, inefficient because the period required for efficient BTR calculation is one year, BTR efficiency is 40–50 times one year. IT 5 days, not efficient because of the efficiency of 1 – 3 days. ALOS of 3.14 days or 3 days, is not efficient because of the efficiency of 6 – 9 days. RL4a reports, the highest age group is 45-64 years old with a total of 302 patients. The highest gender was female 666 patients, and male 327 patients, based on the disposition of life 985 patients, and 8 patients died. The highest diagnosis was non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus without complications with code E11.9 totaling 38 diagnoses. The main diagnosis based on defecation on ICD-10, the highest diagnosis was Chapter II (Neoplasm) with 13.70% totaling 136 diagnoses. The main diagnosis according to the highest DTD with a DTD code of 242.9 (Complications of pregnancy and childbirth) was 47 diagnoses. The highest procedure is X-ray ches with a code of 87.44 with a total of 49 codes. The distribution of patients based on the area the most was Padang City with a total of 817 patients.
Tinjauan Statistik Asuhan Kesehatan Di RSUD PROF. DR. MA Hanafiah SM Batusangkar Periode 01-31 Januari 2019
Authors: Husna Laifatul
Published: March 2024

The medical record must contain sufficient data to identify the patient. This is because medical records are a source of data used in processing statistical data on hospital care. Data collection at Prof. Hospital. Dr. MA. Hanafiah Batusangkar for the January 1-31 2019 period is secondary data, data obtained from 664 patients went home, with a total of 171 beds. Data processing using Microsoft Office Excel After processing the data, statistical processing is carried out with the following results: the results of the BOR obtained are 44.75%. BOR is not efficient because the efficiency level of BOR is 60-85%. Then the BTR result is 4 times. BTR is not efficient because the calculation of BTR is done once a year with an efficiency level of 40-50 times. The result of IT is 4 days, the value of IT is not efficient because IT efficiency is 1-3 days.
Analisis Persiapan Implementasi Rekam Medis Elektronik Di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang
Authors: Permadi Dion , Wahyuni Annisa , Mardi Yuli , Khumaira Nurul Fitri
Published: March 2024

Siti Rahmah Islamic Hospital, Padang is a type A private hospital located in Padang in preparation for implementing electronic medical records and also improving the quality of human resources and health services. This study aims to determine the preparation for implementing electronic medical records at RSI Siti Rahmah Padang. The research used was qualitative using interviews, the method of taking the subject of informants using purposive sampling with several informants 5 people and data collection using analysis techniques by interviewing informants. The results of the research that has been carried out to prepare for the implementation of electronic medical records at RSI Siti Rahmah Padang have been running from the start of the enactment of the PMK Law 24 of 2022 by increasing human resources through training on electronic medical records and providing facilities and infrastructure to support the successful implementation of medical records. electronic medical from the aspect of technology, and information technology (IT). From this research, it can be concluded that preparations for the implementation of electronic medical records have started with human resources increasing insight into medical record officers and medical staff in other healthcare facilities.
Multimedia Data Editor For Insta And FB Reels, Searching The Content Creator
Authors: Dr. Shubhangi D.C  , Komal
Published: March 2024

Brands and corporations looking to boost their Instagram presence and income should definitely check out Reels. It's huge because even those who don't follow you may see your work; the Reels Explore Page promotes Reels. The social media platform TikTok has elevated short, shareable videos to the level of an art form. Instagram is now a part of the trend with Instagram Reels, which allows users to add music and fun visual effects to looping videos. We may now upload and edit our own videos using this technology. A new era of social media has dawned, thanks to short videos, where everyone may become famous by making their own content. After users make changes, they may publish them on their profile, where everybody can see them.
Influence of monomer purity on molecular weight of racemic polylactic acid
Authors: Chen Xiaoqi , Bai Lu , Zhang Fen , Zhou Haijun , Qian Yao , Li Yantao , Xiao Jijun
Published: March 2024

Aiming at the low molecular weight of polylactic acid due to the presence of water molecules in the ring-opening polymerization of racemic lactide, this paper selected racemic lactide as the main raw material, stannous caprylate as the catalyst, and cetyl alcohol as the initiator, and studied the effects of recrystallization process conditions such as the number of recrystallization and drying time on the purity of monomer. The influence of initiator dosage on the properties of racemic polylactic acid was also studied. The purity, water content and free acid content of racemic lactide were determined by infrared spectrometer, differential scanning calorimeter, Gel Permeation Chromatography and tensile testing machine. The molecular weight and mechanical properties of racemic polylactic acid were characterized. The results show that the purity of racemic lactide after recrystallization can reach 99.3%, the water content is as low as 0.008% and the free acid content is less than 0.1%. When the amount of initiator is 0.13%, the molecular weight of the prepared racemic polylactic acid is 14.06 KDa and the tensile strength is 37 MPa.
Investigating Human Expectancy by Linear Regression
Authors: Gao Linhui
Published: March 2024

In recent years, many people have studied the human lifespan, some people study how to extend the human lifespan, explore the limits of the human lifespan, and so on. But what are the factors that affect human lifespan, and will they lead to an increase or decrease in lifespan? This paper was analyzed by using linear regression, where specific analyses were performed using R- square and multiple R, mainly studies the influence of three factors, BMI, Schooling, and HIV/AIDS, on human life expectancy between developing and developed countries through linear regression methods.
A Review of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatments for Pediatric Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: Shao Danyue
Published: March 2024

The treatment of pediatric respiratory tract infections by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) methods can comprehensively consider the child’s condition and physical status, and use a variety of methods to comprehensively regulate the child’s condition and achieve better therapeutic effects. The methods used are mainly in acupuncture, herbal medicine, massage, food therapy and emotional conditioning, etc. These methods can be used individually or in combination, and the appropriate treatment plan can be selected according to the specific conditions of the child. In the course of treatment, attention should also be paid to the adjustment of the child’s diet and lifestyle habits to improve the therapeutic effect.
Research on Endometrial Cancer: Risk factors, Classification and Treatment
Authors: Luk Hiu Mei
Published: March 2024

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common tumors of the female reproductive system. Its pathogenesis is complex, and the incidence tends to be younger, which seriously endangers women's health. Research has found that the calssification of EC is of great significance in clinical applications, including traditional types I (estrogen-dependent) and II (non-estrogen-dependent), as well as four molecular subtypes (POLE ultramutated, microsatellite instability hypermutated, copy number low, and copy number high). The risk factors affecting EC include genetic factors, obesity, menstrual irregularities, etc. In addition, significant progress has been made in the treatment of EC, with new breakthroughs in surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, targeted therapy, etc. This article discusses risk factors, traditional classification, molecular classification and treatments of EC, in order to provide reference for clinical research on EC.
Detection of Feline Cupripoxvirus and Variation Analysis of Its VP1 Gene in Chengdu from 2020 to 2023
Authors: Jia Xining , Zhang Bin
Published: March 2024

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is an important pathogen causing infectious diseases in the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract of cats. Research on its prevalence and genetic variations contributes to the prevention and treatment of related diseases, as well as the development of new vaccines. In this study, a total of 113 samples of eye, nose, and throat secretions were collected from cats with respiratory and oral inflammation symptoms in Chengdu area from 2020 to 2023. The samples were tested using the RT-PCR method. The VP1 gene region was then cloned, sequenced, and subjected to homology analysis and phylogenetic analysis with domestic and foreign FCV reference strains. The results showed that among the 113 samples, 24 tested positive for FCV, with a positive rate of 21.24%. The nucleotide homology between the 5 FCV VP1 genes obtained in this study and the reference strains ranged from 72.6% to 84.1%, while the amino acid homology ranged from 84.0% to 95.9%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the strains obtained in this study clustered into two gene groups (GⅠ and GⅡ) in the domestic and foreign FCV strain evolution tree. Strains SMU-M2, SMU-M7, SMU-M13, and SMU-M71 belonged to the GⅡ subtype, while strain SMU-M8 belonged to the (GⅠ subtype. The FCV vaccine strain had a distant genetic relationship with the prevalent FCV strains in Chengdu. The study revealed that FCV is prevalent in the cat population of Chengdu, and there is a low genetic homology and significant sequence differences between the prevalent strains and vaccine strains. This suggests the need to evaluate the actual protective efficiency of existing commercial FCV vaccines and promote the development of new vaccines with better cross-protection against prevalent strains.
Biological reasons for the phenomenon of eating disorders are more prevalent in the female population
Authors: Zhang Vera
Published: March 2024

Eating disorders, characterized by irregular eating habits and distress concerning body image, have emerged as a significant global health challenge. With a specific focus on gender disparities, this paper explores the complex interplay of biological, environmental, and psychological factors contributing to the prevalence of eating disorders like anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. The paper delves into evolutionary theories, arguing that historically ingrained reproductive strategies may predispose females to higher sensitivity toward body image, thus making them more susceptible to eating disorders. Additionally, the paper examines the strong correlation between affective disorders such as anxiety and depression, and the onset of eating disorders, drawing upon neurobiological mechanisms involving the hypothalamus and extended amygdala. We also investigate the role of dopamine and pleasure derived from eating, highlighting experimental findings that suggest females may experience more sustained pleasure from eating behaviors, potentially leading to higher susceptibility to eating disorders. The paper concludes by urging the need for gender-tailored therapeutic interventions and calls for a paradigm shift in societal attitudes to mitigate the risk and stigma associated with these disorders. Furthermore, it emphasizes the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach in both understanding and treating eating disorders, given their multifaceted etiology and impact on individual and public health.
Unveiling the Human Soul: Reconnoitering Raja Gidh from Ghazalian Perspective
Authors: Almas Najia , Mazhar Shumaila
Published: March 2024

This article adds to the existing literature exploring the complexities of the human mind, as depicted through the characters of a famous novel, Raja Gidh (1981), written by Bano Qudsia. With the theoretical framework of Ghazali, the legendary intellectual of the 11th century in the Muslim world, the researchers have carried out a detailed study of nafs e ammara, nafs e lawwamma, nafs e mutmainna and aql. The research design is based on a thematic analysis of the selected novel. The study has adapted Attride Sterling’s (2001) model of textual data analysis, which is divided into three stages data reduction, exploration and data complication or interpretation. The analysis of Raja Gidh in post-positivist tradition inside the parameter of the selected theory provides an insight into the relevance of the psychological issues in the modern world, accordingly consolidating our belief in the similar mechanisms of the human mind, irrespective of the variances in the time and space. Furthermore, it has also been discovered that the incorporation of Eastern insight for exploring the human psyche has the potential to become an effective critical approach for psychological analysis in the realm of literature.
INTERRELATIONSHIP OF MIGRATION AND WELFARE STATE IN NEO-LIBERAL ERA
Authors:   The Oxford College of Arts Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Channappa Shashidhar
Published: March 2024

The impact of neoliberalism on immigration policy is an area that needs to be studied for the crucial role it has in shaping the socio-economic and political direction of a nation. It is of vital signification because of the role it has in shaping the nature of human lives. This paper is an attempt to study the interrelationship between the welfare state and migration juxtaposed in the neo-liberal era. An attempt is made to delineate theoretically the relationship between migration and the welfare state.
Developing interactive multimedia learning materials for chemistry pre-lab training
Authors: Fern Nicola , Milian Julieta Litka
Published: March 2024

This article is a progress update on a project investigating the impact of embedding interactive pre-lab materials into the preparation resources for 2nd year undergraduate students in an organic chemistry practical module.  Materials were developed as part of a collaborative innovation grant that embedded students as collaborators in the development process.  Resulting activities included a mixture of multimedia and active learning exercises, including animations, quizzes, videos, interactive simulations and 3D and 360-degree tours.  Prototype evaluation results were used to refine the final version prior to release.  A full evaluation is being carried out, and final results will be reported in a future article.
Effectiveness of the Baduk Promotion Act
Authors: Shim Da Un
Published: March 2024

The Baduk Promotion Act, which was enacted for the purpose of contributing to the expansion of leisure opportunities for the people, the cultivation of healthy minds, and the globalization of Baduk, legally supported the policy of supporting the promotion of Baduk and the creation of Baduk culture, and prepared a legal basis for it. This has a significant meaning for Baduk community. However, in order for the law to be effective, it must be practiced in real society. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the Baduk Promotion Act enacted on April 17, 2018 for its legislative purpose. The results of examining the characteristics and limitations of the Baduk Promotion Act are as follows. First, there is an issue regarding the lack of clear definitions within the law for terms such as ‘Baduk instructor,’ ‘Baduk professional player,’ and ‘Baduk organization.’. Second, there is an issue concerning the term ‘special circumstances’ used in defining cooperation with relevant agencies, as it leaves room for various interpretations. Third, the provisions of the Baduk Promotion Act, which stipulate support policies such as funds, are meaningful in that they provide a legal basis for receiving financial support from the state budget. There is a problem that consists of regulations that are too comprehensive and abstract to be taken as a legal basis for materialization. Lastly, there is an issue within the content related to the cultivation and support of Baduk professional players, which may prioritize a sports policy focused on fostering elite athletes and elevating the national stature rather than aligning with the primary objectives set forth by the Baduk Promotion Act. Therefore, to enhance the effectiveness of the Go Promotion Act, it is necessary to enact legal provisions that specify clear criteria and procedures. Through such improvements, it is believed that effective support and development for the promotion of Go can be facilitated.
INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL Y MEDIACIÓN
Authors: Straini Fabio Daniel
Published: March 2024

La intención de este trabajo, consiste en exponer las problemáticas que derivan del uso de las nuevas tecnologías en el campo de la mediación, con la finalidad de generar debates sobre las condiciones de su utilización. La ponencia se divide en dos partes, en la primera, pasamos revista sobre las notas características, ventajas y desventajas respecto de estas tecnologías, examinando, además, los desafíos que plantea su implementación, mientras que, en la segunda; nos adentramos en el análisis de algunos puntos críticos en cuanto a su utilización en el ámbito de la mediación. En atención a la amplitud que implica el abordaje de temáticas que se vinculan con las distintas herramientas tecnológicas, hemos puesto el foco en la inteligencia artificial, en la creencia de que amerita un tratamiento urgente, dadas las consecuencias que de su uso pueden derivar.
MEDIATION IN TRADE MARK DISPUTES. THE BENEFITS OF MEDIATION IN THE BATTLES OF THE TRADE MARKS
Authors: Vassileva-Karapanova Lyubka
Published: March 2024

A well-recognized trademark is a valuable asset for its owner. It "sells" the goods or services for which it is used and builds a loyal customer base, giving the brand owner a competitive advantage in the market for those goods and services. The process of building and maintaining the reputation of a trademark requires considerable resources and persistence and is often surrounded by various disputes. The purpose of this article is to outline briefly, without claiming to be exhaustive, the specifics of trademark disputes and the benefits of mediation as a means of their resolution. A brief introduction to some basic trademark concepts is included to give an idea of the complexity of trademark disputes. Examples of trademark disputes resolved through negotiation or mediation are also included. As the relevant provisions of national trademark laws vary from country to country, the Regulation (EU) 2017/1001 on the European Union Trademark is used in the text as a reference law. It can be concluded that mediation in trademark disputes provides the parties with important advantages compared to traditional ways of resolving these disputes in adversarial administrative or judicial proceedings. Furthermore, instruments such as Directive 2008/52/EU and the Singapore Convention on Mediation enable the enforceability of settlement agreements resulting from mediation.
MEDIAÇÃO COMO AMPLIAÇÃO DE ACESSO À JUSTIÇA. A MEDIAÇÃO NO DIREITO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Martins José Celso
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar que a mediação pode ser considerada, enquanto procedimento, instrumento de pacificação de conflitos que amplia o acesso à justiça, especialmente tendo-se como referência a legislação brasileira. A ampliação do acesso à justiça é desafio para a sociedade moderna que busca, com a criação de novos procedimentos – legislações - e de novos órgãos públicos e privados, permitir outras possibilidades de promover a pacificação de conflitos sociais. A mediação como solução autocompositiva é procedimento que orienta a sociedade na busca de uma cultura pacífica para solução de controvérsias. O sistema capitalista, no seu desenvolvimento enquanto sistema, gera diversas relações jurídicas dentre as quais destacamos as relações de trabalho e as relações de consumo. Para estas relações jurídicas, a legislação já tem apontado a mediação como modelo eficiente para a solução de controvérsias. As técnicas de mediação podem ser aplicadas por profissionais das mais diversas formações, o que facilita sua utilização e acesso. Para o desenvolvimento prático da mediação na sociedade contemporânea, faz-se necessária a seguinte análise na perspectiva da comunidade em que será utilizada: contextualização histórica e ideológica, conflitos sociais mais comuns, como se desenvolvem as relações de trabalho e de consumo. O estabelecimento de conceitos de mediação e de acesso à justiça, agregado a breve pesquisa sobre as diversas possibilidades de utilização da mediação por instituições públicas e privadas de acordo com a legislação brasileira, pode proporcionar o entendimento de que a solução de conflitos pela mediação não fica restrita à intervenção do Estado na solução de conflitos por métodos heterocompositivos e pode ser melhorada, desenvolvida e ampliada pela sociedade civil organizada, através de instituições criadas com esse fim específico ou por outras que atuem no formato associativo como igrejas, clubes, escolas, bibliotecas e outros.
The Effect of the Lateral First Metatarsal Head Shape on Hallux Valgus in Forced Turnout in Pre-Pointe Female Ballet Dancers: A Pilot Study
Authors: Doan Paul H. , Handojo David M. , Parihar Shivani , Pitts Alison , Naraghi Reza , Carter Sarah L.
Published: March 2024

Background: A rounded lateral first metatarsal head shape is associated with higher rates of hallux abducto valgus recurrence following corrective surgery; however, the effect of the lateral first metatarsal head shape on the hallux abduction angle (HAA) has not yet been explored in a nonpathologic, pre-pointe ballet dancer population. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the lateral first metatarsal head shape on the HAA when pre-pointe female dancers force their turnout.

Methods: Seventeen female, pre-pointe ballet students (mean age, 10.8 ± 0.95 years) participated in this study. Fluoroscopic images of each dancer’s dominant foot were taken, and the lateral first metatarsal head shape was classified visually. Each dancer performed three consecutive stances of natural double-leg upright posture: both functional and forced turnout. HAAs were obtained by marking medial bony landmarks on paper and were compared to photographic measurements.

Results: No significant difference was found between the round and angular lateral first metatarsal head shape for the change in HAA from natural double-leg upright posture to forced turnout. Hallux abduction angle significantly increased by 4.6° (P < .001) in forced turnout compared to the natural double-leg upright posture for the photographic method, whereas the paper method demonstrated an increase of 2.6° (P = .007). No statistical differences were found between the paper and photographic methods in measuring the HAA for all stances.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest no association between the HAA and lateral first metatarsal head shape; however, HAA does increase when a dancer assumes forced turnout. The paper method demonstrated similar reliability to the photographic method and shows the potential for future use as a clinical tool in assessing hallux abducto valgus.
Primary Arthrodesis versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Lisfranc Joint Fracture-Dislocations in Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vesely Bryanna D. , Michels Lauren , King Matthew A. , Gangopadhyay Paula , Scott Aaron T.
Published: March 2024

Background: The Lisfranc joint is an intricate podiatric medical structure that when injured can prove difficult to treat. No consensus has been established on optimal surgical management for this injury. It is widely debated whether open reduction and internal fixation or primary arthrodesis provides better outcomes for patients. Although literature has been published on this subject, no generalized guidelines have been created. The goal of this study was to analyze high-level meta-analyses to draw conclusions about surgical interventions for Lisfranc joint injuries.

Methods: A literature review was conducted to analyze outcomes of meta-analyses from January 1, 2016, to August 31, 2021. Only high-level evidence that reported at least one of the following outcomes was included: American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scale score, visual analog scale score, total complication rate, hardware removal rate, revision surgery rate, and secondary procedure rate.

Results: Six articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were then analyzed. For all of the outcome measures, primary arthrodesis was equal or superior to open reduction and internal fixation.

Conclusions: We recommend primary arthrodesis over open reduction and internal fixation for adult Lisfranc injuries.
Correlation between Clinical Outcome and Radiologic Features After Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Calcaneal Fractures
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Ali , Mehboudi Mohammad , Hoveidaei Amir Human , Vosoughi Amir Reza
Published: March 2024

Background: We aimed to find probable correlation between postoperative radiologic variables and clinical outcomes of surgically treated calcaneal fractures.

Methods: In a retrospective study, 70 unilateral displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures in adults with follow-up more than 1 year were asked to have a visit. Weightbearing radiographs of both ankles were taken and radiologic parameters, including the differences in values in Böhler and Gissane angles in comparison with the uninjured side, and calcaneocuboid and subtalar joint arthritis based on the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale, were evaluated. They were considered to find any correlation with clinical outcomes assessed by American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot scale, visual analogue scale, Foot Function Index, and Tegner Activity Scale.

Results: A total of 61 men (87.1%) and nine women (12.9%) with a mean age of 38.9 ± 12.7 years (range, 18–67 years) were included. Mean follow-up visit for the patients was 25.1 ± 12.7 months. Mean scores of American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot scale, visual analogue scale, Foot Function Index, and Tegner Activity Scale were 86.7 ± 12.9, 21.3 ± 22.2, 13.1 ± 15.4, and 5.2 ± 1.1, respectively. The mean Gissane angle and Böhler angle differences were –0.2 ± 8.6 and –3.7 ± 7.2, respectively. Regarding the calcaneocuboid arthritis, 50 (71.4%), 14 (20.0%), and six patients (8.6%) were categorized in grades 0, 1, and 2, respectively. Also, subtalar arthritis was seen in 15 (21.4%), 24 (34.3%), 20 (28.6%), and 11 patients (15.7%), categorized as grades 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. No statistical correlation was found between any of the radiologic variables and clinical scores.

Conclusions: There was no significant correlation between Böhler and Gissane angles and the clinical outcomes in surgically treated calcaneal fractures. Also, functional outcomes do not change considerably among different grades of arthritis in calcaneocuboid and subtalar joints, at least during short- to mid-term follow-up periods. Radiologic findings after open reduction and internal fixation of calcaneal fractures are not predictors of function of the patients.
Effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis ANT01 and Rhizobium sp. 11B on the control of fusarium wilt in pineapple (Ananas comosus)
Authors: Adriano-Anaya Lourdes , Pardo-Girón Luis Fernando , Salvador-Adriano Miguel , Salvador-Figueroa Miguel , Ovando-Medina Isidro , Moreno-Castillo Benjamin
Published: March 2024

Pineapple (Ananas comosus) is commonly infected by Fusarium oxysporum, causal agent of the fusarium wilt disease. Conventionally, growers use synthetic fungicides to control the disease, which lead to environmental pollution, hazardous effects on non-target organisms and risks on human health. The aim of this work was to assess the effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis ANT01 and Rhizobium sp. 11B to control fusarium wilt on pineapple plants. Four treatments derived from a complete factorial design were tested under field conditions. Treatments composed of B. subtilis ANT01 and the combination B. subtilis ANT01–Rhizobium sp. 11B decreased disease severity by 94.4% and 86.1%, respectively. On the other hand, the treatment prepared with Rhizobium sp. 11B alone showed a reduction of 75.0%. Size of leaves and nutritional condition (SPAD units) of the biocontrol agents-treated plants showed no statistical differences. Moreover, B. subtilis ANT01 decreased by 46% the initial soil population of F. oxysporum, while Rhizobium sp. 11B, B. subtilis ANT01 plus Rhizobium sp. 11B and control, showed a population reduction of 12.5%, 24.2% and 23.0%, respectively. These results make evident the potential of B. subtilis ANT01 as biocontrol agent of the pathogen under field conditions.
Development of an Education and Training System Based on Augmented Reality to Improve the Firefighting Facility Maintenance Ability of Fire Safety Managers
Authors: Choi Yoo-Jeong , Kim Si-Kuk
Published: March 2024

This study grafts fire safety manager education to augmented reality technology to increase the familiarity of fire safety managers with facility inspection and operation based on the automatic fire alarm system that plays the most critical role in early fire situations. To design the education and training content, the Korea Fire Safety Institute, which educates and trains fire safety managers, arranges the training content in the textbooks provided to actual fire safety managers and sets the sequence of operating principles and inspection methods. The purpose is to provide fire safety managers with realistic inspection methods and practice opportunities by implementing them in augmented reality. The education and training program allows learning about automatic fire alarm systems in the following order: structure and operating principles → inspection and practice → assessment. In structure and operating principles, fire safety managers can acquaint themselves with the role of automatic fire alarm systems and facility components and circuit tests according to operation principles. During inspection and practice, at least three inspection methods are learned for each facility. Finally, the assessment refers to the actual evaluation and achievement standards of the Korea Fire Safety Institute, checking a facility in a given mission without guidance or explanation based on the aspects learned in inspection and practice. In addition, it reviews the aspects learned in theory by including a quiz during inspection to improve proficiency by setting it up to be applied in practice.
Prediction of Fire Occurrences Based on Multi-layer Perceptron Using Social Indicators
Authors: Zhang Chu , Hong Won-Hwa , Bae Young-Hoon
Published: March 2024

To analyze the impact of urban socioeconomic and demographic factors on fire occurrences and predict fire occurrences according to each factor, this study analyzed the correlation between “Korean social indicators” and fire occurrences. Based on this, a fire prediction model was built based on multi-layer perceptron (MLP). For this purpose, data on social indicators and the number of fires by city, county, and district from 2015 to 2022 were collected, and the correlation between social indicators and fire occurrences were analyzed. Based on the correlation analysis results, two models were built to predict fires using 15 factors (Model 1) and 5 factors (Model 2). The mean absolute percentage error of the models were 26.37% (Model 1) and 30.92% (Model 2), confirming the usability of the fire prediction model based on the multi-layer perceptron using social indicators.
A Study on Over-Pressure Difference owing to the Inlet Air Discharge Device of the Vestibule Pressurization System
Authors: Joung Suckhwan
Published: March 2024

The inlet air discharge device of the vestibule pressurization system is used to obtain critical velocity that prevents the intrusion of smoke into the escape route. However, when the vestibule door on the fire floor is closed, high door–opening forces can result in occupants having difficulty owing to an increase in the differential pressure. In this study, the air flow rate and difference pressure were analyzed through variable air volume exhaust damper by pressure difference (hereinafter referred to as VAVED) and installed automatic opening windows facing the exterior wall. COMTAM transient simulations were used for analysis under stack conditions. The adequacy of exhaust dampers was confirmed by adding field experiments. In the case of VAVED, simulations and experiments confirmed that the problem of evacuation obstacles was resolved. However, in the case of automatic opening windows, the pressure differences on the third and 13th floors were 73.9 Pa and 112.6 Pa, respectively, in simulations, causing difficulty for occupants to escape from the vestibules.