bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Seven Types of Pili in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Using Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Farnia Parissa , Zhavnerko Gennady Konstantinovich , Farnia Poopak , Poleschuyk Nikolai Nikolaevich , Ghanavi Jalaledin , Velayati Ali Akbar
Published: September 2024

Background:

Pili are polymeric, hydrophobic, proteinaceous structures generally composed of a major repeating subunit called pilin and, in some cases, a minor tip-associated adhesin subunit. Pili are involved in many virulence-associated functions, such as biofilm formation, adherence, and colonization of mucosal surfaces.

Methods:

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains were isolated from clinically and laboratory-confirmed cases of tuberculosis (TB). The TB isolates were subjected to the Xpert MTB/rifampicin test and then, further susceptibility testing was performed on them against first- and second-line drugs using proportional methods. Thereafter, the selected isolates were subculture in Dubos Tween-albumin liquid culture medium, and at their exponential growth phase (OD600 = 0.05 (5 × 106 colony-forming unit/mL), cells were observed under atomic force microscopy (AFM). For each isolate, 15–20 steel sample packs were prepared and observed under AFM. Here, the data presented are the result of average observation.

Results:

Under AFM, seven different types of pili were detected, out of which four types, i.e., Type III, Type IV secretion pili, and Type IV-like pili, curli-like pili (MTP) were similar to reported pili in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Whereas the other three forms, i.e., Type V (relief funnel pili), Type VI (adhesion tapering), and Type VII (adhesion flap pili), were newly identified and named according to their appearance. Both Types of IV pili were detected in all clinical isolates irrespective of their susceptibility patterns, although significant differences were observed from the side of their protruding. Type Curli pili is similar in appearance in all clinical isolates. Types VI and VII were detected only in extensively drug-resistant and totally drug-resistant-TB isolates (100%). The Type III pili (secretion needle pili) was present in both susceptible- and drug-resistant bacilli, although in drug-resistant strains, we found a considerable difference in their length (50 μ ±10 nm in length) and sometimes, they also had tapering at end. The Type V pili was seen in susceptible isolates but it was at the resting stage (100%; lying aside of cell wall) whereas in drug-resistant isolates, they were getting apart from the cell wall of bacilli with a clear tapering or funnel shape structure.

Conclusion:

The results of this study highlight the importance of new types of pili expressions in respect of susceptibility patterns in TB. The identified new types of pili would be promising approaches for the treatment and prevention of drug-resistant TB, which needs further investigation.
Dive Deep into Trophic Ulcer; Glomerulonephritis is Still a Complication in Hansen'S Disease
Authors: Singh Gautam Kumar , Arora Sandeep , Mitra Debdeep , Das Pankaj , Singh Vikram , Gupta Akanksha
Published: September 2024

Hansen's disease is one of the ancient skin diseases known to humankind, still foxes even trained physician leading to delay in its diagnosis and unusual health burden. India followed by Brazil constitutes the highest number in newly diagnosed cases. Even though the World Health Organization and individual country have done much to contain the spread of leprosy, the findings of systemic complications, grade 2 deformity, and childhood leprosy reflect some shortcomings of the worldwide public health program. Renal involvement, particularly glomerulonephritis, is a known common systemic complication of the leprosy, but introduction of multidrug therapy and early case detection have reduced the chances of systemic complication significantly over the last three decades. Here, we report a case who presented in the emergency department with rapidly progressive swelling of the body, on evaluation found to have leprosy and glomerulonephritis having tubuloreticular inclusions in glomerular endothelial cell cytoplasm on electron microscopy.
Serum Zinc Level and Its Association with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Barman Nilima , Haque Khan Md Maruf , Ghosh Debabrata , Ibne Towhid Muhammad Ibrahim , Uddin Md. Nasir , Paul Debatosh , Haque M. Atiqul
Published: September 2024

Background:

Zinc deficiency is evident in chronic diseases, but little is known about its association with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB). We aimed to measure serum zinc level in MDRTB patients and explore its association with MDRTB compared to drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DSTB).

Methods:

We recruited 107 MDRTB and 87 DSTB patients from a tuberculosis referral hospital in Bangladesh. After overnight fasting, 5 ml venous blood was collected from each patient to measure serum zinc level through graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Multivariate logistic regression was done to measure its association with MDRTB.

Results:

The mean age of all patients was 36 years, where 70% were male. About 27% MDRTB patients and 2.3% DSTB patients had low serum zinc level (P < 0.0001). An inverse correlation was observed between serum zinc level and duration of anti-TB therapy (r-value: −0.252, P < 0.01). Reduced serum zinc level (odds ratio, 0.957; 95% confidence interval 0.923–0.992) was found as a significant associating factor for MDRTB after adjusted with age, sex, occupation, residence, tobacco consumption, Bacillus Calmette–Guérin-vaccination, and duration of anti-TB therapy.

Conclusion:

A lower serum zinc level is significantly associated with MDRTB. The tuberculosis control program should address this in the MDRTB control strategy.
Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes Improves Care and Treatment for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Tanzania
Authors: Peter Daud Dunstan , Mziray Shabani Ramadhani , Lekule Isack Augustino , Kitundu Victor , Mohamed Salum , Kisonga Riziki Michael , Mpagama Stellah George , Struminger Bruce Baird
Published: September 2024

Background:

Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (Project ECHO) is a telementoring, case based virtual community of practice training and education model connecting experts to primary care clinicians (PCCs). Project ECHO has good evidence for favorable treatment outcomes on wide range of diseases. Since 2017, Tanzania hosts multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) ECHO with hub at Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital. However, little is known on outcomes of MDR TB ECHO. This study aimed to describe the outcomes of MDR TB ECHO in managing MDR TB patients in Tanzania.

Methods:

Review of case studies was conducted at MDR TB ECHO hub in Tanzania. Up to June 2020, a total of 134 sessions and 60 patient cases were presented in MDR TB ECHO. This article describes outcomes of MDR TB ECHO in managing three selected complicated MDR TB patient cases presented. Case 1: Child with MDR TB, neck abscess, and anemia secondary to chronic illness. Case 2: Adult with MDR TB and end stage renal disease co morbidity. Case 3: Adult failing standard MDR TB treatment.

Results:

Anemia resolved in Case 1; surgical dressing was done to neck abscess and neck healed. Case 2 was initiated with end stage renal disease management; uremic encephalopathy and lower limb edema resolved. Case 3 was initiated with individualized MDR TB treatment. All three patients attained smear and culture conversion and continue with MDR TB treatment.

Conclusions:

To our knowledge, this is the first report on effectiveness of project ECHO in supporting PCCs in bringing favorable treatment outcomes to MDR TB patients. We advocate adaptation and scale up of ECHO model as an effective approach for strengthening management of MDR TB and other infectious diseases.
Orthodontic-prosthetic rehabilitation of alveolar cleft
Authors: Salkar Yash , Singh Shubhaani , Singla Anu , Sindwani Suruchi
Published: September 2024

This case report presents the treatment of an 18-year-old girl with a unilateral alveolar cleft and impacted deciduous teeth. The patient had a gap in her upper front teeth and sought treatment for the alveolar defect. The initial treatment plan included alveolar bone grafting, fixed mechanotherapy, and prosthetic rehabilitation. However, the patient declined the bone grafting surgery. To address the issue, orthodontic treatment began with the extraction of a lower incisor to correct the overjet and the removal of over-retained deciduous teeth and a resorbed lateral incisor. The impacted lateral incisor was brought into the arch to stimulate bone formation. The treatment lasted 21 months, and an interim prosthetic rehabilitation with a natural tooth pontic was placed before the final rehabilitation using a Maryland bridge. The outcome of the treatment showed improved dental esthetics, harmonious soft-tissue profile, and parallel roots. This case highlights the importance of early intervention for alveolar clefts and the collaborative effort required for comprehensive oral rehabilitation in cleft lip and palate patients.
Prevalence of anemia in children with cleft lip and palate in Karnataka: A cohort study
Authors: Kumar Chetana , John Centina Rose , Rao Krishna Shama , Amanna Rolson Sandeep , Jain Tarun , Lohitha K. Krishna
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

The poor nutritional status and lower socioeconomic conditions among the Indian population have influenced the decisions on elective cleft lip surgeries. These factors may delay the treatment, as well as affect the overall development of the child. This study aims to identify the prevalence of microcytic hypochromic anemia in the Indian population to formulate the protocol in need for iron and nutritional supplementation in elective surgical planning of cleft lip and palate, thereby providing a comprehensive care in clefts.

Methodology:

A cohort study was designed comparing 100 children with nonsyndromic cleft lip or palate, who were undergoing surgical repair in our institution cleft deformity and without congenital anomalies under the age of 2 years. The blood parameters (hemoglobin [Hb], mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular Hb concentration [MCHC], MCHC, and red cell distribution width cell volume) for identifying the microcytic hypochromic anemia were assessed before the surgical repair and compared with the normal population. Descriptive analysis was performed to extract results.

Results:

The study population had a mean age of 10.56 ± 7.02 months (55 boys and 45 girls). We identified 61% of the population having anemia, with 2% having severe anemia (Hb <7 g/dL). It was observed that higher levels of Hb were in the age group of 4–6 months, and the lowest was documented in the older children.

Conclusion:

The study helps in identifying the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in children who are undergoing surgical repair for nonsyndromic cleft lip or palate. Therefore, the comprehensive cleft care should be the focus, addressing the feeding difficulties, malnutrition, and failure to thrive, before surgical intervention.
Clinical assessment of the efficacy of Ayurvedic management in PCOS: Study protocol for a randomized open-label standard control trial
Authors: Rajput Shivshankar , Mata Shweta , Saxena Upma , Ota Sarada , Tripathi Arunabh , Gupta Bharti , Srikanth Narayanam , Acharya Rabinarayan
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder, typically characterized by anovulation, hormonal imbalances, obesity, infertility, and associated features, with a significant impact on the physiological and psychological wellbeing of females belonging to the reproductive age group. Due to the multifactorial etiology, treatment is often personalized with specific targets, and monotherapy is rarely used. In the present study, the efficacy of an Ayurveda regimen, comprising the Ayush-SSM tablet (a coded Ayurvedic formulation) administered after Virechana therapy (purgation), is being explored against conventional standard care.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This study is an open-label, randomized, controlled clinical trial consisting of 180 participants diagnosed with PCOS. The participants in the trial group will receive Ayurvedic treatment consisting of Virechana therapy followed by administration of Ayush-SSM (500 mg), two tablets twice a day for 6 months. The participants in the control group will receive metformin tablet 500 mg once a day in the first week, 500 mg twice a day in the second week, 500 mg thrice a day in the third week, and 850 mg twice a day from the fourth week till 6 months. The primary outcome is the proportion of study participants who attain normal menstrual cycle length (21–35 days) or ovulation and change in hirsutism as per the modified Ferriman–Gallwey (FG) Score. The secondary outcomes are change in acne score and acanthosis nigricans; change in abdominal girth, waist circumference, and BMI; and clinical safety of the trial interventions.

CONCLUSION:

The findings of the study could potentially demonstrate that the Ayurveda regimen, including Virechana therapy followed by administration of the Ayush-SSM tablet, may be as effective as conventional standard care.

Trial registration:

Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2022/09/045478, dated August 4, 2022).
Who are the patient partners trained by the Art of Care in partnership with the patient?
Authors: Liguori Florence
Published: September 2024

This article aims to present the first results of a study regarding the graduates of the DU "Art du Soin en Partenariat avec le Patient" since its creation. It primarily deals with the “Partnership patient” part of the survey and intends to report on how they experiment their assignment, how they cope with the various problems they face in their practice. This work also emphasizes their commitment and motivations which enable them to keep on with their work.

Cet article est la présentation des premiers résultats d’une étude sur les patients partenaires et le partenariat patient menée auprès des diplômés du DU Art du soin en partenariat avec le patient depuis sa création. Consacré à l’aspect purement « patients partenaires » de l’enquête, il se donne pour objet d’établir le profil de ces patients partenaires, de rendre compte de leurs missions, des obstacles auxquels ils se trouvent confrontés et des déterminants de leur engagement.
SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK PAKKAT UMBUT ROTAN (Callamus Caesius Blume) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Umar Ani , Fusvita Angriani , Rahayu Sri
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Rattan tubers (Calamus caesius Blume) is a traditional food taken from the inside of young rattan which is usually used as vegetables. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria can be inhibited by the content of various chemical compounds in various plants such as rattan shoots. The rattan shoots contain saponins and alkaloids. This study aims to determine the phytochemical screening and test the inhibition of rattan root extract (Callamus Caesius Blume) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The type of research carried out was an experiment with rattan umbut extract treated as a test of inhibition of the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. 500 grams of rattan umbut pakkat extract was obtained by maceration method for 5 days. In this study using the Kirby Bauer method (disk diffusion). The results showed that the chemical compounds contained in the rattan umbut pack were alkaloids and saponins, while in the inhibition test there was no clear zone around the paper disk which indicated that the rattan umbut pack extract could not inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with a concentration of 5%, 10%, 15% , and 100% .
 
Key words: Inhibition zone, rattan root extract, Staphylococcus aureus
 
ABSTRAK
Pakkat umbut rotan (Calamus caesius Blume) adalah makanan tradisional yang diambil dari bagian dalam rotan muda  yang biasanya dijadikan sayur-sayuran. Pertumbuhan  bakteri Staphylococcus aureus  dapat dihambat oleh kandungan senyawa kimia yang beragam pada berbagai tumbuhan seperti umbut rotan. Umbut rotan  tersebut memiliki senyawa saponin dan alkaloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui skrining fitokimia dan uji daya hambat ekstrak pakkat umbut rotan (callamus Caesius Blume) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dengan ekstrak pakkat umbut rotan diberikan perlakuan sebagai uji daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Ekstrak pakkat umbut rotan sebanyak 500 gram diperoleh dengan metode maserasi selama 5 hari. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kirby bauer (difusi disk). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa senyawa kimia yang terdapat pada pakkat umbut rotan adalah alkaloid dan saponin sedangkan pada uji daya hambat  tidak terdapat zona bening disekitar paper disk yang menandakan ekstrak pakkat umbut rotan tidak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%,  dan 100% .
Kata kunci: Zona Hambat, ekstrak pakkat umbut rotan, Staphylococcus aureus
Diagnostic du fonctionnement de la Station d’Epuration de Kossodo : approche par la caractérisation des eaux usées brutes entrant
Authors:   Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l’environnement, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, SAWADOGO Mariam , SEGDA Bila Gérard , , SAVADOGO Paul Windinpsidi , BERE Antoine
Published: September 2024

La Station d’Epuration (STEP) de Kossodo est confrontée à un problème de fonctionnement entrainant le non-respect des normes de rejet recommandées par le Burkina Faso et par l’OMS. Malgré cette situation, les eaux issues de la station sont utilisées pour la production maraichère. De même, ces eaux reversées dans la nature sont susceptibles de créer des dommages. Ce qui peut créer un préjudice à l’environnement. Notre étude a pour but d’évaluer la qualité physico-chimique des eaux usées brutes entrant dans la STEP de Kossodo à Ouagadougou. A cet effet, 108 échantillons d’eaux usées ont été collectés durant une période de 12 mois. Les paramètres physico-chimiques des eaux usées entrant dans la STEP et en sortie de STEP ont été caractérisés. Le pH, la température, la conductivité et l’oxygène dissous ont été analysés in situ à l’aide d’un analyseur multi-paramètre de type HANNA HI 9829. La DBO5, la DCO et les MES ont été mesurées respectivement, par système de mesure Oxitop C, par mesure spectrométrie et par filtration et séchage à 105° C. Une corrélation entre les paramètres physico chimiques a été faite afin d’établir les relations factorielles existantes entre les différents paramètres et pour pouvoir évaluer la qualité des eaux usées brutes entrant et sortant de la STEP. Les résultats indiquent des eaux usées difficilement biodégradables à forte charge organique. L'analyse factorielle explicative corrobore les résultats de l'analyse descriptive.
Assessing model selection techniques for distributions use in hydrological extremes in the presence of trimming and subsampling
Authors: Bako Sunday Samuel , Ali Norhaslinda , Arasan Jayanthi
Published: September 2024

A suitable probability distribution is required to quantify and estimate hydraulic structure design for risk evaluation and management. The inability of model selection criteria to differentiate, in some cases, among candidate distributions used in the analysis of hydrological extremes is often criticised. This study verifies, with the aid of model selection techniques, the potential utility of trimming and subsampling in distinguishing between candidate distributions, which might not be feasible using the traditional goodness of fit method alone, when samples available are small. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through its application to real and simulated yearly peak rainfall datasets. The proposed approach is then compared with several standard model selection techniques. Results show that the model selection techniques with the aid of subsampling are effective in identifying the true parent distribution for the untrimmed samples given a two-parameter distribution; contrarily, they are inefficient where a distribution with a three-parameter is the parent distribution. However, as trimming is introduced, all model selection methods recognise the true parent distribution for a three-parameter distribution. Overall, utilising trimming and subsampling with the aid of model selection methods yields promising outcomes in the analysis of hydrological extreme frequencies. Drawing from the results of numerical simulation and examination of observed data, the use of trimming and subsampling can be a viable tool in differentiating among candidate distributions used in the investigation of hydrological extreme frequencies.
Corrosion Rate Analysis of Steel Metal Material Against Seawater Intake Time at Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang
Authors: Yuntoro Kresno , Budiyanto Lilik , Kristianti Mariana , Trismianto Devout Prakoso , Rahyono
Published: September 2024

This research analyzes the corrosion rate of metal materials consisting of iron, aluminum and copper used in infrastructure materials supporting port operations at the Tanjung Emas port, Semarang, based on the time of sea air sampling. Ports as the main infrastructure in supporting sea transportation have an important and strategic role for economic growth, trade and industry. To support these activities, it is necessary to build supporting infrastructure, most of which is made of metal materials such as steel, aluminum and copper, which are very easily damaged due to corrosion, especially as the port environment is a corrosive environment due to contamination with sea air. With the problem of infrastructure damage due to corrosion, the method used in this writing is a qualitative descriptive method by collecting data in the form of literature studies and observations at the Tanjung Emas port, Semarang. From the research carried out, it is known that the sea water media that has the highest corrosion rate is sea water taken in the afternoon. It is hoped that the results of this calculation will enable maritime industry players in the port environment to predict the useful life of steel, aluminum and copper metal equipment used to support port operational activities and to estimate the age and type of maintenance that will be carried out so that it does not cause more severe damage.
Spatial and Temporal Variation of Air Quality Index in Amman-Zarqa Urban Area
Authors: Al-Kraimeen A. , Hamasha S. , Abu-Allaban M.
Published: September 2024

This paper aimed to investigate the Spatial and Temporal Variation of the air quality index (AQI) in the Amman and Zarqa Metropolitan Areas during the period 2016-2022 following the method adopted by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States of America (EPA). Air quality data for PM10, PM2.5, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO recorded at five monitoring stations were downloaded from the official website of the Jordanian Ministry of Environment. Calculated AQI values were generally between the Good class (AQI <50) and the Moderate class (AQI 50-100) at all stations, the AQI calculations for PM10 demonstrated a noticeable increase during autumnal months, likely due to natural dust. PM2.5 demonstrated seasonal variation, with higher values in winter months where residents burn fossil fuel for heating. Stabel air in winter due to the cooled land surface, and the weak natural air mix and ventilation contribute to the deterioration of air quality. Calculated individual AQI for SO2 and NO2 reveals that all extent of the study area falls in the Good AQI class. Similarly, CO and ozone-based AQI values fluctuate within the “Good” class, with occasional episodes of compromised air quality at specific stations.
Novel Bacterial Consortium for Mitigation of Odor and Enhance Compost Maturation Rate of Municipal Solid Waste: A Step Toward a Greener Economy
Authors: Wijerathna P.A.K.C. , Udayagee K.P.P. , Idroos F.S. , Manage Pathmalal M.
Published: September 2024

Composting is an integral component of sustainable Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management within the circular bio-economy platform. However, it faces challenges due to malodorous emissions that impact environmental and societal equilibrium. The present study aims to minimize odorous emissions and expedite compost maturation using a novel, efficient microbial consortium. Bacteria sourced from open dump sites in Sri Lanka were carefully screened based on concurrent enzyme production. Five developed consortia were tested for their performance in reducing malodors during the composting process of MSW. Consortium No. 5 (C5), comprised of Bacillus haynesii, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus safensis, demonstrated outstanding performance with a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in odorous emissions. Additionally, consortium C5 exhibited impressive control over gas emissions, maintaining VOC, CH4, NH3, and H2S concentrations within ranges of 0.5-6 ppm, 0.5-0.8 ppm, 0.3-0.5 ppm, and 0.5-0.6 ppm, respectively, compared to control concentrations of 4.5-10.2 ppm, 0.5-5.5 ppm, 0.3-5.5 ppm, and 0.5-6.4 ppm, respectively. Additionally, comprehensive Electronic nose (E-nose) analysis substantiated C5’s efficiency in attenuating Methane-Aliphatic compounds, Sulfur and Aromatic compounds, along with low-polarity aromatic and alkane compounds, all with statistical significance (p < 0.05). Further, the developed consortium could reduce the composting time from 110 ± 10 days to 17 ± 3 days, offering a sustainable solution for global MSW management.
Green Nanotech: A Review of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Tackling Environmental Pollution Challenges
Authors: Shaik Rameeja , Ghosh Buddhadev , Barman Harish Chandra , Rout Arijit , Padhy Pratap Kumar
Published: September 2024

In recent times, nanotechnology has experienced widespread acclaim across diverse sectors, including but not limited to tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, biosensors, and the mitigation and monitoring of environmental pollutants. The unique arrangement of carbon atoms in sp3 configurations within carbon nanomaterials endows them with exceptional physical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics, driving them to the forefront of materials research. Their appeal lies in their efficacy as superior adsorbents and their exceptional thermal resistance, making them versatile in various applications. The present review extensively explores a range of carbon-based nanomaterials, delving into their synthesis methods and examining their multifaceted applications in addressing environmental pollutants. It is crucial to emphasize that the popularity of carbon-based nanomaterials arises from their potential to serve as superior adsorbents, coupled with their outstanding thermal resistance properties. These attributes contribute to their applicability in diverse environmental contexts. Looking ahead, carbon-based nanomaterials are poised to emerge as environmentally friendly and cost-effective materials, representing promising and potential avenues for the advancement of sustainable technology.
VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA NO BRASIL
Authors: Castro Aline Carvalho
Published: September 2024

A violência obstétrica, caracterizada por atos ou comportamentos que causam dor, desconforto e sofrimento físico e emocional às mulheres durante o parto e pós-parto imediato, é um problema significativo no Brasil. Este fenômeno afeta desproporcionalmente mulheres negras e de baixa renda, configurando uma violação dos direitos humanos fundamentais. Este artigo explora como a educação perinatal e a responsabilidade civil podem ser ferramentas eficazes para enfrentar e coibir a violência obstétrica no Brasil. A educação perinatal capacita as mulheres e suas famílias com informações essenciais sobre a gestação, parto e cuidados pós-parto, promovendo escolhas informadas e seguras. Já a responsabilidade civil atua como um mecanismo de reparação e prevenção, punindo práticas abusivas e incentivando a humanização do atendimento obstétrico. Utilizando uma metodologia baseada em revisão bibliográfica de livros e artigos especializados, o estudo revela que a violência obstétrica é comum tanto em hospitais públicos quanto privados. Os resultados sugerem que a criação de leis e diretrizes específicas, juntamente com a capacitação contínua dos profissionais de saúde, são essenciais para reduzir a incidência dessas práticas abusivas. Este artigo contribui para o debate sobre políticas públicas de saúde que buscam erradicar a violência obstétrica e promover um atendimento mais humano e respeitoso para todas as mulheres.
Testing the Emissions Reduction Effect of Carbon Pricing: A Predictive Analysis of the Role of Speculation
Authors: Isah Kazeem O. , Muse Bernard O. , Awe Emmanuel O.
Published: September 2024

We employ both ex-post and ex-ante approaches to determine the role of speculation in the emissions reduction effect of carbon pricing and its forecasting power in the predictability of climate change. We use several verifiable econometric approaches to select the Feasible Quasi Generalised Least Squares (FQGLS) as the best estimator for addressing some of the biases in climate change predictability. We demonstrate that a predictive model combining the complementing dynamics of carbon pricing forecasts climate change more accurately. We demonstrate the robustness of our findings for both in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts and across different forecast horizons.
The Moderating Role of Local Cultural Involvement and Social Media Engagement in The Relationship Between Experience and Satisfaction of Tourists in Northern Vietnam: A Quantitative Analysis Using PLS-SEM Approach
Authors: Ngan, TRAN Linh
Published: September 2024

The tourism industry in Northern Vietnam has experienced substantial growth, attracting global tourists to its unique cultural heritage and scenic landscapes. This study investigates the moderating roles of local cultural involvement and social media engagement in the relationship between tourist experience and satisfaction. Employing a quantitative approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), data were collected from 409 tourists who visited Northern Vietnam. The findings reveal that the tourist experience significantly enhances tourist satisfaction. Local cultural involvement positively moderates this relationship, indicating that deeper cultural engagement leads to higher satisfaction levels. However, social media engagement did not show a significant moderating effect. These results provide valuable insights for tourism managers and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of enhancing tourist experiences and promoting cultural engagement to boost satisfaction. The study contributes to the theoretical understanding of tourist satisfaction and offers practical recommendations for sustainable tourism practices.
El principio constitucional de celeridad y su inobservancia en la administración de justicia en la provincia del Cañar en el año 2022
Authors: Cabrera Calle Karol Andrea , Zamora Vázquez Ana Fabiola
Published: September 2024

Este ensayo analiza el principio de celeridad constitucional y su incumplimiento en la administración de justicia en la provincia del Cañar en 2022. Se analizan los tiempos de tramitación de las acciones de protección de manera exhaustiva para evaluar cómo la variabilidad y las demoras afectan la eficacia del sistema judicial. Los datos muestran que, aunque la mayoría de los casos terminan en un rango aceptable, existen significativas demoras que afectan la efectividad de la justicia. La información proporcionada por la Dirección Provincial de la Judicatura del Cañar es la base de la investigación., que se analiza utilizando estadísticas como la moda, la media y la mediana de los tiempos de resolución en diferentes etapas del proceso. Finalmente, se proponen medidas para mejorar la celeridad de la administración de justicia, como establecer plazos legales máximos, optimizar los procedimientos y mejorar la capacitación y los recursos del personal judicial.
Evaluación de vulnerabilidades informáticas en códigos QR de la aplicación de Banca Móvil “Wallink”
Authors: Fajardo Carlos , Yamba-Yugsi Marco , Campaña Ortega Eduardo Mauricio
Published: September 2024

El crecimiento de la banca financiera en Ecuador se ha evidenciado en la digitalización de sus servicios, lo que conlleva nuevos desafíos en ciberseguridad. Las aplicaciones de banca móvil utilizan diversos métodos de autenticación, como códigos QR, que pueden presentar vulnerabilidades que deben ser descubiertas para evitar ser explotadas por delincuentes cibernéticos. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la seguridad de los códigos QR en la aplicación de banca móvil "Wallink" aplicando la metodología de pruebas de seguridad del estándar SP 800-115 del Instituto Nacional de Estándares y Tecnología. Se generaron 672 códigos QR durante seis días para decodificarlos y analizar patrones y cifrado, además de realizar análisis estático y dinámico de la aplicación. Los resultados revelaron un prefijo constante "PHIQR" seguido de 48 caracteres, lo que podría representar una vulnerabilidad por reducción de entropía inicial. Se determinó una probabilidad del 95.17% de que los códigos utilicen sustitución polialfabética. El análisis estático obtuvo un puntaje de riesgo medio (46/100), identificando vulnerabilidades como el "exploit Janus" y permisos considerados excesivos. El análisis dinámico mostró una configuración adecuada de protocolos TLS/SSL, pero prácticas de almacenamiento inapropiadas. Estos hallazgos permitieron medir el nivel de riesgo en 2,83/5, determinando un riesgo medio para el uso de códigos QR. La evaluación de riesgos subraya la importancia de fortalecer la seguridad mediante algoritmos de cifrado más robustos y mejores prácticas de desarrollo seguro.
SHOULD ESG DISCLOSURE BE MANDATORY? AN OVERVIEW
Authors:   University of Sadat City, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, MOHARRAM AMR HANI , HASHIM HAFIZA AISHAH ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, ALAHDAL WALEED M. ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, MOHAMED ADNAN SHAYUTI ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
Published: September 2024

This review paper aims to outline the nature and key features of environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure and identify the real outcomes associated with the transition to mandatory ESG disclosure. In addition, it highlights the challenges surrounding mandatory ESG disclosure and provides beneficial recommendations to improve the compulsory ESG disclosure environment. This review is guided by analysing 63 Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus-indexed articles between 2012 and 2022. Findings show that mandatory ESG disclosure combined with specified ESG reporting standards and an appropriate enforcement and assurance regime can have beneficial informational and real effects. This paper highlights those critical yet beneficial implications for regulators, policymakers and researchers based on the importance of mandatory ESG disclosure involvement in the business environment.
Karakteristik Lirik Lagu Cinta dalam Album Markers and Such Oleh Sal Priadi
Authors: Salsabila Nabila , Hidayatullah Syarif
Published: September 2024

Lagu berisikan lirik yang merupakan hasil pemikiran pengarang yang kemudian diberikan melodi atau nada yang khas. Melodi dipilih untuk meningkatkan daya tarik lagu dan memudahkan pendengar dalam menikmatinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik cinta yang tergambar dalam lirik lagu-lagu Sal Priadi yang terdapat pada Album Markers and Such. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam proses pengumpulan data, peneliti berhasil mengumpulkan lirik lagu sesuai dengan sumber data yang ditetapkan. Pada tahap reduksi data, ditemukan bahwa dari 15 lagu yang ada, hanya 12 lagu yang memiliki karakteristik cinta. Selanjutnya, penyajian data dilakukan secara rinci dan sesuai dengan kenyataan yang ada, sehingga penarikan simpulan dapat dilakukan dengan tepat. Dari 15 lagu tersebut, empat lagu hanya menggambarkan rasa suka dengan komponen keintiman saja, tujuh lagu mencerminkan cinta persahabatan yang melibatkan komponen keintiman dan komitmen, satu lagu lainnya menggambarkan cinta romantik yang memiliki komponen keintiman dan hasrat, sedangkan tiga lagu lainnya sama sekali tidak mengandung komponen cinta yang berarti tidak adanya kerakteristik cinta di dalam lagu tersebut. Penelitian juga memberikan gambaran yang jelas mengenai bagaimana berbagai jenis cinta direpresentasikan dalam karya musik Sal Priadi khususnya pada Album Markers and Such.
Daya Dukung Pondasi Berdasarkan Penyelidikan Tanah pada Perencanaan Bangunan Gedung Rumah Bina Besitang
Authors: Sitohang Andar , Batubara Samsuardi , Sitohang Oloan , Hutagalung Piter L.
Published: September 2024

Penyelidikan tanah dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui stratifikasi tanah, karateristik tanah,  kondisi geologi, dan untuk menetukan daya dukung tanah sehingga  penyelidikan tanah sangatlah penting dan mutlak dilakukan sebelum pembangunan konstruksi dilaksanakan. Tujuan penyelidikan tanah adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai kondisi lapisan tanah dan parameter tanah. Daya dukung pondasi dapat diperoleh berdasarkan hasil pengujian Cone Penetration Test (CPT), sondir dan pengujian laboratorium l sampel bor tangan (Hand Auger). Hasil yang didapat pada penyelidikan tanah, muka air tanah berdasarkan hasil hand boring ditemukan pada kedalaman 0.30 m di bawah permukaan tanah, informasi ini penting untuk pelaksanaan penggalian pondasi. Sistem pelapisan tanah di lokasi terdiri dari lempung dan lempung berpasir. Sedangkan berdasarkan cone penetration test, cpt  dengan menganggap untuk tanah keras nilai perlawanan penetrasi konus lebih besar atau sama dengan 150 kg/cm2, tanah keras ditemukan pada kealaman 5.00 – 6.0m dan berdasarkan bgeban yang bekerja dan daya dukung tanah yang diperoleh maka untuk proyek disarankan menggunakan pondasi tiang pancang mini pile pada kedalaman 6.00 m dari permukaan tanah.
The Role of Work Motivation, Workload, and Competency in Influencing Employee Performance through Job Satisfaction
Authors: Prahasyila Thifa Amani , Tanuwijaya Justine , Gunawan Andreas Wahyu
Published: September 2024

In a dynamic and competitive financial industry, employee performance (performance) plays a key role in determining the success and growth of the organisation. This study aims to analyse the effect of work motivation, workload, and competency on job satisfaction, and its impact on performance in the financial industry in Jakarta.  This research uses quantitative methods by distributing questionnaires to employees in the financial industry in Jakarta. The data collected was then analysed using regression analysis to test the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The results showed that work motivation, workload, and competency have a significant effect on job satisfaction. Furthermore, job satisfaction was also found to have a significant effect on employee performance. These findings confirm the importance of paying attention to these factors in improving employee performance in the financial industry. Organisations need to develop effective strategies and policies to increase work motivation, manage workload, and develop employee competencies. By paying attention to these factors, it is expected to increase job satisfaction and ultimately improve employee performance in the highly competitive financial industry. This study concludes that work motivation, workload, and competency have a significant effect on job satisfaction, which in turn has an impact on improving employee performance in the financial industry. The findings provide practical implications for organisations to pay attention to these factors in an effort to improve employee performance.
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Published: September 2024

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Adequação do uso de Misoprostol de acordo com a idade gestacional em abortos, segundo o ultimo protocolo figo 2023
Authors: Corrêa Lianna Paula Guterres
Published: September 2024

O estudo explora o uso do misoprostol em abortos medicamentosos, destacando a importância de seguir as diretrizes da Federação Internacional de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (FIGO) para garantir a segurança e a eficácia do procedimento. O misoprostol, um análogo sintético da prostaglandina E1, é amplamente utilizado para induzir contrações uterinas e dilatar o colo do útero, facilitando a expulsão do conteúdo uterino. A FIGO recomenda diferentes protocolos de administração do misoprostol com base na idade gestacional, sendo o medicamento mais eficaz nas primeiras 10 semanas de gestação. A revisão da literatura revelou que, quando utilizado conforme as diretrizes, o misoprostol tem uma alta taxa de sucesso, especialmente quando combinado com mifepristona, mas sua eficácia diminui e os riscos aumentam em gestações mais avançadas. A pesquisa utilizou descritores específicos para buscar artigos nas bases de dados PUBMED entre 2020 e 2024, resultando em 15 estudos relevantes. A análise enfatiza que a idade gestacional é um fator crucial para a administração adequada do misoprostol e que a implementação das diretrizes da FIGO enfrenta desafios devido às diferenças culturais, legais e de acesso ao medicamento em diferentes regiões. O estudo conclui que a adesão às diretrizes da FIGO é essencial para garantir a segurança das pacientes, mas reconhece os desafios na implementação dessas orientações, especialmente em contextos com acesso limitado a cuidados de saúde. A pesquisa contínua e a formação adequada dos profissionais de saúde são fundamentais para adaptar as práticas às realidades locais e assegurar o uso seguro e eficaz do misoprostol.
"EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA EM EDUCAÇÃO E CIDADANIA: OS DIREITOS HUMANOS E O ECA NO CURRÍCULO ESCOLAR"
Authors: HELENA BEZERRA SOBRAL" " EVANDA , CORDEIRO DE MACEDO LENILDA , ARAÚJO COSTA MARILEUDA
Published: September 2024

Refletir e discutir sobre os direitos humanos e direitos das crianças e adolescentes é ainda mais importante na atualidade, visto que nos últimos ano os ataques e tentativas de retrocesso foram intensos e estiveram em debates, por grande parte da população. Logo, a extensão universitária mostra-se como um espaço profícuo para a reflexão e debates sobre esse tema. Sendo assim, este artigo traz um relato de experiência do curso de formação continuada “Educação e Cidadania: os direitos humanos e o ECA no currículo escolar” aprovado pelo Programa de Extensão Universitária da Pró-Reitoria de Extensão PROEX/UEPB. O curso teve como objetivo realizar ciclos de debates para aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre os direitos humanos e direitos das crianças e adolescentes visando fomentar propostas e práticas pedagógicas escolares pautadas na educação em/para os direitos humanos e sobre os direitos das crianças e adolescentes presentes no ECA. A metodologia constou da descrição e análise dos ciclos de debates ocorridos, ao longo do curso, as quais estão disponíveis no canal do Departamento de Educação da UEPB (DEUEPB) no YouTube. Concluímos que, tendo em vista a relevância dos direitos das crianças e adolescentes e dos direitos humanos, no contexto social, julgamos que o curso foi de grande relevância para a formação continuada de professores/as e de estudantes de diversas licenciaturas. As palestras realizadas, seguidas de debates, além do rico material complementar disponibilizado através de um drive e, em especial as experiências partilhadas pelos/as palestrantes foram importantes para a consecução dos objetivos. Por fim, concluímos que o ECA ainda é desconhecido, pelas crianças e adolescentes e, também por parte dos/das professores/as e da sociedade em geral, sendo este um dos grandes desafios a serem enfrentados.
Implementation of Anti-Corruption Ethics in the Field of Education
Authors: Situmorang Marlinawati
Published: August 2024

Efforts to deal with corruption crimes committed by the government against corruptors have been going well but have not produced optimal results as expected. The complexity of the corruption problem in Indonesia is not sufficient to overcome by relying solely on preventive and investigative strategies, but an educative strategy is also needed. The eradication of corruption requires multi-disciplinary, strategic, comprehensive, and simultaneous efforts. Therefore, one of the possible efforts to prevent corruption is to involve the formal education sector. This is the aim of this research. However, there is a challenge that so far, the national education system has been poisoned by elements of Collusion, Corruption and Nepotism (KKN). As a closed system, it is very easy for material and non-material corruption practices to occur. KKN practices that also occur in the body of the national education system, by itself has degraded the quality and lofty ideals of education, because the limited sources of funds are not enjoyed by many people. Using a qualitative method through a literature research approach, researchers observed that corruption prevention in formal education institutions can be done through two approaches. First, making students as the target in the form of improving the morals and personality of students, so as not only to produce humans who are intellectually intelligent, but also morally good. Second, using students to suppress the environment so that it is not permissive and easy to commit corruption, by providing enrichment materials that can encourage students to become perpetrators of corruption prevention.
Ezer in the Context of Men Creation in Genesis 2:4b-25
Authors: Simbolon Lena Christina
Published: August 2024

In the story of human creation written in the book of Genesis 2:4b-25, it is stated that the Lord God saw that it was not good for humans to be alone, so God made a suitable helper (ezer) for Adam. He created the woman from Adam's rib. Women were created by God as helpers equal to men. This states that women are not inferior to men, but to state that women are men's partners in carrying out the tasks and responsibilities that God has given to humans.
Penyuluhan Hukum untuk Meningkatkan Kesadaran Hukum Sejak Dini terhadap Masyarakat di Desa Embalut
Authors: Ramadhan M. Suarga Nabil Akbar , Az - Jahra Syabrina , Hidayah Nurul , Yunitasari Karina , Vitara Berlin Anugie , Norparidah Norparidah , Amanda Aprillia , Sahrir Igund Farhan , Wendy A. A Muhammad , Arifudin Nur
Published: August 2024

Membangun kesadaran hukum sejak dini merupakan langkah penting dalam menjaga ketertiban, keadilan, dan stabilitas dalam suatu masyarakat. Kesadaran hukum tidak hanya membantu mengatur perilaku masyarakat, melindungi hak dan kebebasan individu, menyelesaikan konflik, dan menciptakan kepercayaan dan stabilitas sosial, tetapi juga menghormati otoritas dan pemerintah. Dengan menanamkan kesadaran hukum sejak dini, masyarakat dapat lebih cenderung mengikuti aturan, menghindari perilaku yang melanggar hukum, dan membangun penghormatan terhadap institusi hukum. Metode yang digunakan adalah empiris. Kegiatan penyuluhan di Desa Embalut berjalan dengan baik dan lancar, pemahaman mengenai hukum diberikan terhadap masyarakat untuk meminimalisasikan tindakan kriminal.