bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photo-Induced Necrosis on Oropharyngeal Carcinoma (HEp-2) Cells Mediated by the Xanthene Erythrosine
Authors: Bistaffa Maria J. , Kobal Mirella B. , Souza Priscila S. S. , Toledo Karina A. , Camacho Sabrina A. , Aoki Pedro H. B.
Published: May 2020

The photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been outstanding as a promising alternative for treating different carcinomas. However, the lack of detailed knowledge on the mechanisms of action prevents exploitation of the therapy full potential. Herein we shall evaluate not only the photodynamic
efficiency but the mechanism of cell death triggered by the photoactivated erythrosine in oropharyngeal cancer cells (HEp-2). Cytotoxic assays were performed by MTT at distinct concentrations (10−3 to 10−6 mol/L) and incubation time (3, 24 and 48 h) of erythrosine
in HEp-2 in vitro culture. In addition to the cytotoxic effect, the mechanisms of cell death were evaluated by flow cytometry following the annexin V/propidium iodide double staining protocol. Erythrosine was incorporated by HEp-2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent pathway. The incubation
of erythrosine in dark has not shown any significant effect over the culture until 24 h and 1.25×10−6 mol/L concentration, from which a small portion (<25% and statistically significant) of the cell population have undergone apoptosis. On the other hand, 50% of cell
viability is reduced mainly by necrosis when 10, 3.75 and 1.9×10−6 mol/L of erythrosine concentrations at 3, 24 and 48 h of incubation are photoactivated, respectively. Bioinspired models of tumor membrane based on Langmuir monolayers of 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
(DOPC) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DOPS) mixture reveled that electrostatic interactions with the lipid head groups are the main driving forces allowing the erythrosine adsorption. Furthermore, light-induced hydroperoxidation significantly increased the surface area of
the monolayers, which might be the origin of the necrotic pathway triggered in HEp-2 cells.
Kiruna-Type Ore as a Novel Precursor for Large-Scale Production of Small Uniform Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Mostaghelchi Majid , Kotakoski Jani , Rentenberger Christian , Lengauer Christian L.
Published: May 2020

The wide range of actual and potential applications of nanoparticles, highlight the necessity of a reliable production method for both quality and quantity of the products. Mechanical attrition is one of the first well-known techniques used to produce nanoparticles. However, these approaches
have been restricted to produce uniform particles below the critical size of 15 nm because of the attrition balance limit. This paper introduces the magnetite–silicate raw material of a Kiruna-type ore deposit as a novel precursor, which enables the production of small iron oxide nanoparticles
below the critical size by mechanical attrition. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), powder X-ray diffractometry (pXRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for characterization of the precursor and obtained nanoparticles. The results indicate that the
particles with a mean diameter of 10.7(2.7) nm consist of mainly less than one crystallite. The significant size reduction below the attrition balance limit can be attributed to the quartz content of the raw material, which operated as supporting micro-balls for transferring the energy during
the milling process.
Cochlear Transfection Gene Guinea Pigs Mediates Atoh1-EGFP Based Hyaluronic Acid Modified Polyethyleneimine Nanoparticles
Authors: Li Yongtuan , Gao Xian , Wang Ningning , Li Min , Wang Ying
Published: May 2020

To modify polyethyleneimine (PEI) nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid (HA) to prepare a novel nonviral vector and use it to coat Atoh1-EGFP plasmid to detect its translocation in living guinea pig cochlea dyeing efficiency. Atoh1-EGFP plasmid was extracted and characterized using a
Zetasizer particle size analyzer. HA/PEI/DNA complexion was characterized and introduced into the round window membrane. EGFP green fluorescence carried in the Atoh1 plasmid was observed by confocal microscopy. The transfection results were verified by Western blot and reverse transcription
polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from the perspective of protein and nucleic acid to verify its expression results. In this study, HA-modified PEI nanoparticles are negatively-charged nanoscale gene carrier complexes. After the Atoh1-EGFP plasmid was introduced into the cochlea, the results
of confocal microscopy showed that the inner and outer hair cells of the basement membrane could be detected in green fluorescent protein. The transfection efficiency of basement membrane is as high as 81.7±4.71%, while the transversion is 33.8±9.02%. Western Blot and RT-PCR
also confirmed that the Atoh1 gene can be successfully transfected on the basement membrane. The gene transfection of cochlea may be achieved by HA-modified PEI nanoparticle gene vector with no obvious toxicity to basement membrane cells. It is also an ideal inner-end gene transfection vector
owing to its simple synthesis method and low cost.
Growth Inhibition of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells Mediated by p53 Gene-Containing Nanolipid Composites
Authors: Cheng Yongshan , Wu Shanying , Tie Xinting , Huang Xiaodong , Cui Lihua
Published: May 2020

To study the growth inhibition and cell cycle changes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CNE1) cells after transfection with p53 gene. A mixture of nano-liposomes and plasmid containing p53 was used for transfecting CNE1 cells. Cellular apoptosis was examined after transfection using the
CCK-8 reagent method with flow cytometry. The results showed that a ratio of nanoliposome/p-ORF-GFP of 3.5:1 showed the highest transfection efficiency in CNE1 cells. The cells transfected with a mixture of composites in this proportion showed significant apoptosis of up to 50–70%. In
addition, we observed that cell cycle changes-measured using flow cytometry-as well as cellular apoptosis were accelerated after administration of composites. The CCK-8 kit was used to determine the viability of nano-liposome-encapsulated p53 transfected cells. In vitro experiments showed
that the combination significantly inhibited the growth of CNE1 cells with an inhibition rate of approximately 63.8%. Therefore, the nanocomposites have a significant effect on inhibiting the growth of CNE1 cells. Through the investigation of apoptosis and cell cycle changes in CNE1 cells
we found that the nanoliposome-encapsulated p53 gene can inhibit growth in these cells, and might therefore serve as a novel treatment strategy for adjuvant treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and ca also reduce incompatibility issues with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This method can also
provide technical and theoretical support for the development of novel drugs.
A Comparison of the Resolution of Selective (+/-)-Glycidyl Butyrate by Using Free and Nano-SiO2 Immobilized Porcine Pancreatic Lipase
Authors: Zhang Qiongdan , Qian Junqing , Guo Hui , Zhang Wei , Kuang Chunlan
Published: May 2020

To explore the hydrolyzed properties of nano-SiO2 immobilized porcine pancreatic lipase, the selective hydrolysis of immobilized lipase for glycidyl butyrate was compared with the free enzyme. The hydrolysis selectivity of the immobilized biocatalyst was evaluated and compared
with the free enzyme using the enantiomeric excess (ee) of resolving racemic glycidyl butyrate as the indicator. The enantiomeric excess of the immobilized biocatalyst could be increased by 4.5%–10.0% which compared with the free enzyme under every single technological condition. The
ee was improved from 84.7% for free enzyme to 91.6% for the immobilized enzyme with 61.2% conversion. Compared with free enzyme, the conversion rate of the immobilized enzyme was increased slightly, but the % enantiomeric excess of the immobilized enzyme was increased greatly.
Radiosensitivity Effect of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Nanoparticles on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Han Yaqian , Liu Feng , Zhou Yujuan , He Qian , Zhang Lin , Luo Le , Li Yun , Liu Lin , Ma Hongzhi , Wang Hui
Published: May 2020

The effect of antisense epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) nanoparticles on the radiosensitivity of squamous cell carcinoma in mice was studied. Antisense EGFR oligonucleotide nanoparticles were introduced into the SCCVII cell line, and the expression of the antisense EGFR in the
SCCVII cell line was detected using western blot analysis. After radiotherapy intervention, a cell cloning test and MTT test were used to detect the radiosensitivity of the cells, and flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis to establish a model of head and
neck cancer in mice. Antisense EGFR nanoparticles were injected into the tumors and treated with 4 Gy radiation therapy to observe their inhibition on the growth of tumors. SCCVII cell line nanoparticles could significantly inhibit the expression of antisense EGFR proteins. The combination
of antisense EGFR nanoparticles and radiotherapy could reduce the differentiation and division ability of cancer cells (P < 0.05). It could arrest cancer cells in the G1 phase and significantly increase the apoptotic rate (P <0.05). The growth of tumors in the antisense
EGFR nanoparticles group was significantly delayed. Antisense EGFR nanoparticles could induce G1 phase arrest by down-regulating the expression of EGFRs, which had a radiosensitization effect.
Effect of Metformin Nanoparticle-Mediated Thioredoxin Interacting Protein Expression on Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuralgia
Authors: Liu Yun , Zhou Guangquan , Xu Nenggui
Published: May 2020

Oxaliplatin (LOHP) is an approved anti-cancer drug that often accumulates in the peripheral nerves during the treatment of cancer. Metformin is a prescription drug with a wide range of pharmacological effects, which can augment the anti-cancer efficacy of chemotherapy drugs. Recent
studies suggest that metformin is a potential drug that can relieve oxaliplatin induced neuralgia, and autophagy plays an important role in it. This study aims at exploring the effect and mechanism of action of metformin on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathic pain. To explore the underlying
mechanism of metformin on peripheral nerves, neuropathic pain model was developed by intraperitoneal injection of oxaliplatin into mice. Metformin nanoparticles encapsulated by PLGA were used to intervene the pain in the model mice. RT-qPCR and immunoblotting were used to detect the effects
of metformin on the expression of TXNIP and autophagy associated genes-BECN1 and LC3B in the sciatic nerves of pain model mice. Hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to detect the pathological changes in the sciatic nerve. Flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit were
used to detect the apoptosis of sciatic nerve cells. The effect of metformin on the pain perception of mice was detected by thermal and mechanical stimulation experiments. The results showed that the expression of TXNIP and autophagy related indexes-BECN1 and LC3B in sciatic nerve decreased
significantly after oxaliplatin treatment. However, metformin intervention resulted in significant up-regulation of TXNIP and autophagy related indexes, and augmented the threshold of thermal sensitivity and mechanical tingling. Thus, our study has identified TXNIP as a novel target for oxaliplatin
induced peripheral nerve pain. We have shown that oxaliplatin inhibits TXNIP expression, regulates autophagy, thereby affecting neuralgia. In contrast, metformin promotes the expression of TXNIP and autophagy of cells thereby inhibiting neural sensitivity and thus results in pain relief.
Facile Synthesis of SiO2/CMC/Ag Hybrids Derived from Waste Biomass (Sugarcane Bagasse) Having Special Medical Application
Authors: Kumar Harish , Gehlaut Avneesh Kumar , Gaur Ankur , Park Jin-Won , Maken Sanjeev
Published: May 2020

This research is focused on the use of sol gel technique to synthesize amorphous SiO2 hybrids derived from lab made CMC (made from sugarcane bagasse) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) comprising silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). The dominant absorption peak in the order of 425 nm
confirms the presence of Ag-NPs hybrid group owing to the surface Plasmon resonance (SPR). Ag-NPs hybrid characterization of was performed by Ultra violet-visible spectra (UV-Vis), Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Particle size analyser (PSA), Energy
Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antibacterial action of Ag-NPs in contrast to Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) (ATCC 433) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) (ATCC 1688) was analyzed
by using the method of agar disk diffusion technique. Ag-NPs hybrids extracted from lab-made CMC confirm higher adverse bacterial action through Gram-positive bacteria as well as Gram-negative bacteria related to synthetic CMC acquired from the market.
Robust Photodegradation of Methylene Blue with the Biphenyl-Porphyrin/TiO2 Photocatalyst Under Visible Light Condition
Authors: Ryu Jiwon , Kumar Rangaraju Satish , Son Young-A
Published: May 2020

Herewith, we approached a synthesis of new biphenyl porphyrin derivative and confirmed its structure with 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR studies, FT-IR and mass analytical methods. The porphyrin derivative grafted with TiO2 and the composite (PORBP-TiO2)
was further confirmed with different analytical techniques like diffuse reflectance spectra, XRD, FT-IR, XPS, SEM analysis. PORBP-TiO2 was checked for photodegradation of methylene blue in visible light condition and degradation results were compared with bare TiO2. Our
newly synthesized photocatalyst showed a very fast and efficient photocatalytical activity in comparison with bare TiO2. Fluoresence life time results also supported the strong photocatalytic activity of PORBP-TiO2. The reusability studies also showed that PORBP-TiO2
is having very good stability upto 10 cycles also. Finally we proposed a suitable catalytic diagram for PORBP-TiO2 photocatalysis.
Ultrasound Imaging Based on Magnetic Lipid Microbubble Contrast Agent with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Yan Liping , Miao Wei , Li Dandan
Published: May 2020

To construct magnetic microbubbles with dual response characteristics of ultrasound and magnetic field. The surfactant-based microbubble ultrasound contrast agent (ST68) was prepared using acoustic cavitation. Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles having a negative charge
on the surface were prepared by the polyol method. The microbubbles were used as the template, and the magnetic microbubbles were prepared by alternating deposition of polyethyleneimine and magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the surface of microbubbles using electrostatic
attraction for a layer-by-layer selfassembly. An in vitro ultrasound contrast device was set up to compare the ultrasound images of the silicone tube in the device before and after the injection of human magnetic microbubbles (3×10/M), and to observe the movement of the magnetic
microbubbles after the magnetic field was applied to the silicone tube. To evaluate the contrast effect of magnetic microbubbles in vivo, we compared the renal ultrasound images of New Zealand white rabbits before and after injection of human magnetic microbubbles. The surface of Fe3O4
nanoparticles displayed a stable negative charge (−24.6±67 mV). More than 98% of the assembled magnetic microbubbles were smaller than 8 μm, which met the basic size requirement for an ultrasound contrast agent. There was no echo signal in the silicone tube before the
injection of magnetic microbubbles. Following injection, a solid echo was detected in the silicone tube. After the application of the magnetic field, the magnetic microbubbles migrated in the direction of magnetic field. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound did not image the kidney before the injection
of magnetic microbubbles, while the kidney shadow was clear following injection. Magnetic targeted microbubbles and contrast-enhanced ultrasound provide good imaging, which lays the foundation for further studies of magnetic targeted microbubble contrast agents in diagnosis and treatment.
Antibacterial Properties and Application of Nanosilver Material in the Tracheal Tube
Authors: Hu Yunjie , Ji Xiaobei , Wei Dunshuang , Deng Jun
Published: May 2020

To investigate the antibacterial ability of a new type of antibacterial tracheal tube coated with nanosilver/polyurethane in rats. In January 2016, 48 male SD rats of SPF grade, provided by the medical center of Hong Kong University of science and technology, Peking University, Shenzhen,
were selected as the study objects. Twenty-four healthy rats, who underwent endotracheal intubation and retained nanosilver/polyurethane-coated new antibacterial endotracheal tube in vivo, were randomly selected as the experimental group, while 24 healthy rats who underwent endotracheal
intubation at the same time and retained common endotracheal tube in vivo were randomly selected as the control group. At 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after the operation, the number of colonies in the alveolar lavage fluid of the two groups was measured using the plate count method, and
the thickness of the biofilm formed by the built-in catheter of the two groups was observed by microscope. Twelve hours after operation, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). The colony number in BALF in the experimental group was significantly lower
than that in the control group (P < 0.05). At 12 and 24 hours after operation, there was no significant difference in the biofilm thickness between the two groups (P > 0.05). In the experimental group, the thickness of biofilm that had formed by catheterization 48 and 72
hours after operation was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The new type of antibacterial tracheal tube, coated with nanosilver/polyurethane, has stronger antibacterial and anti-biofilm proliferation performance than that of the common tracheal tube.
Effect of Hybrid SiO2 Shell on Electrochemical Properties of CdTe Quantum Dots Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO)
Authors: Xie Cong , Zhao Yubin , Song Yuxiang , Liu Yingjie , Wang Yaya , Yang. Ping , Gao Guanggang
Published: May 2020

On the basis of maintaining the original characteristics of each component, the composite material obtains the properties that the single component does not have through the synergy between the components. It is of great significance to understand the synergy between the components
for the development of the composite. First of all, we prepared different emitting CdTe quantum dots (QDs), and then fabricated CdTe QDs@reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites by a simple ultrasonic method. It is found that the fluorescence of QDs quenched, the photocurrent significantly
improved, but the growth rate different from each other because of the different QDs. Afterwards, on the basis of naked QDs, hybrid SiO2-coated QDs were fabricated by a two-step method. After that, hybrid SiO2-coated CdTe QDs@rGO composites were prepared by the same method.
It is found that the existence of the hybrid SiO2 shell leads to the decrease of photocurrent of the composites before and after coating, but the specific capacitance significantly improved, and the cycle stability also better than the naked QDs. This research will make grapheme-based
composites have broad application prospects in energy storage equipment.
Analysis of Clinical Efficacy of Nano-Albumin Paclitaxel Treatment for Advanced Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Li Xiaoxue , Zhang Yi , Zhi Xiuyi , Li Yuanbo , Qian Kun
Published: May 2020

To compare the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions associated with nano-albumin paclitaxel combined with cisplatin and traditional paclitaxel combined with cisplatin for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. From December 2016 to August 2019, 78 patients with non-small cell
lung cancer in our hospital were randomly allocated into either the observation group (n = 39) or the control group (n = 39). The observation group was treated with nano-albumin combined with cisplatin, and the control group was treated with traditional paclitaxel combined with
platinum chemotherapy. After four cycles of treatment, the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions for the two groups were statistically analyzed. Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in age, sex, tumor type, and ECOG score between the two groups. After four
cycles of treatment, the disease control rate in the observation group was 79.49%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (38.46%, P <0.05), and the occurrence of myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, and hyperglycemia in the observation group was significantly
lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). Compared with the traditional paclitaxel combined with platinum chemotherapy regimen, the nanoalbumin combined with paclitaxel regimen had significant clinical effect and the adverse reactions were significantly reduced. Thus, it can
be considered effective and safe and is suitable for clinical promotion.
Inhibition Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells TNF-α Gene Transfected Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Based on Nanomaterial Polyphthalamide Monoamine Dendrimer Nanomaterial
Authors: Han Xiao , Wang Xiaohui , Wang Li , Yao Xianyi , Zhao Guangyu , Cui Zhongtao
Published: May 2020

The present study aims to investigate the possibility of TNF-α gene transfection into CIK (cytokine-induced killer) cells using the nanomaterial PAMAM and the inhibitory effects of these cells on the growth of the human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2. The pEGFP-N1-TNF-α
recombinant plasmid was constructed and used to transfect the CIK cells using the nanomaterial PAMAM. Subsequently, the transfection efficiency was measured. The ELISA method was used to analyze the CIK cell culture supernatant. TNF-α concentration in fluid, and CIK cell phenotype
was analyzed by the flow cytometry. The MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory activity of CIK cells on the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 after transfection. The CIK cells were transfected with the nanomaterial PAMAM using the successfully constructed recombinant
plasmid pEGFP-N1-TNF-α. The growth characteristics and phenotypic characteristics of the transfected CIK cells were not changed, and an increase in the TNF-α secretion was observed, indicating that the CIK cells can significantly inhibit CNE-2 cell growth (P <
0005).
CeO2–NiO Nanoflakes: Assessment and Their Anticancer Activity with HepG2 and MCF7 Cancer Cells
Authors: Al-Omar Suliman Yousef , Ahmad Naushad , Ahmad Ashfaq , Al-Fwuaires Manal A. , Alam Manawwer
Published: May 2020

The present study describes the synthesis of CeO2–CNiO nanoflakes (CeNiO–NFs) via solution process in a very short time span and it was utilized for to control the growth against liver and breast cancer cells. The processed nanocomposites were characterized with
several instruments such as of their physicochemical characteristics such as XRD, FT-IR, TGA/DTG/DSC, DLS, BET, SEM-EDX, TEM and UV-visible spectrophotometer respectively. The acquired results are in full justification with the physical data and it suggests that the formed CeO2–CNiO
nanocomposite is in nanoflakes shaped (~20–C25 nm). Moreover, anticancer activity of CeNiO–NFs was investigated through MTT and NRU assays for liver (HepG2) and breast (MCF7) cancer cells. The results demonstrated that it exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxic effects in the range
of 1–C100 μg/mL and revealed a reduction in their cell viability in response from low and high concentration of CeNiO-NFs.
Clinical Analysis of Magnetic Nanoparticle Contrast Agent in the Diagnosis of Occult Fracture by Multislice Spiral CT and MRI
Authors: Guo Jian , Xu Longchao , Zhang Haina , Yang Qingfen
Published: May 2020

To investigate the differences in the diagnosis and treatment of occult fractures between multi-slice spiral CT (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using I/Fe3O4 nanometer contrast agent. This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 60 patients
with occult fractures and compared the diagnosis results of multislice CT (observation group) and MRI (control group). All the contrast agents used were I/Fe3O4 nanometer contrast agents. In the control group, 55 cases (91.67%) were detected on T1-weighted imaging versus
58 cases (96.67) on T2-weighted imaging. In the observation group, 47 cases (78.33%) were diagnosed. The intergroup difference was significant (P < 0.05). Clinically, I/Fe3O4 nanometer contrast agent can be used to affect imaging. The detection rate of MRI is higher
than that of CT, and the ability to obtain detailed data of occult fractures is better.
[ARTICLE WITHDRAWN] Study Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Modified Schwann Cells Combined Chitosan Materials Treatment Peripheral Nerve Injury
Authors: Liang Zhiquan , Lu Laijin , Yu Xin
Published: May 2020

THIS ARTICLE WAS WITHDRAWN BY THE PUBLISHER IN January 2021
Electrochemically Desulfurized Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) and Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel Composites as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Gupta Sanju , Robinson Taylor , Dimakis Nicholas
Published: May 2020

Recent developments in graphene related materials including molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is gaining popularity as efficient and cost-effective nanoscale electrocatalyst essential for hydrogen production. These “clean” energy technologies require delicate control
over geometric, morphological, chemical and electronic structure affecting physical and electrochemical catalytic properties. In this work, we prepared three-dimensional hierarchical mesoporous aerogels consisting of two-dimensional functionalized graphene and MoS2 nanosheets of
varying ratio of components under hydrothermal–solvothermal conditions (P <20 bar, T <200 °C). We systematically characterized these hybrid aerogels in terms of surface morphology, microstructure, understand heterointerfaces interaction through electron microscopy,
X-ray diffraction, optical absorption and emission and Raman spectroscopy, besides electrochemical properties prior to and post electrochemical desulfurization that induces finely controlled sulfur vacancies. They feature enhanced electrical conductivity by means of eliminating contact resistance
and meso-/nanoporous structure facilitating faster ion diffusion (mass transport). We demonstrate that controlled defects density, edges plane sites (nanowalls), mesoscale porosity and topological interconnectedness (monolithic aerogel sheets) invoked can accelerate electrocatalytic hydrogen
production. For instance, low over potential with Tafel slope ~77 mV·dec-1 for 60 wt.% MoS2, highcurrent density, and good stability was achieved with desulfurization. These results are compared with continuous multilayer MoS2 films highlighting the multiple role
of tunable structure and electronic properties. The adjacent S-vacancy defectsinduced increase in density of states, dissociation and confinement of water molecules at the pore edge and planar S-vacancy sites calculated using density functional theory helped in establishing improved heterogeneous
electrocatalytic rate. This is supported with combined measurements of diffusion coefficient and heterogeneous electron transfer rate via surface-sensitive scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) technique.
Antimicrobial Properties of Composites of Chitosan-Silver Doped Zeolites
Authors: Scacchetti Fabio A. P. , Fernandes Filipa , Ribeiro Artur , Cavaco-Paulo Artur , Carneiro Joaquim O. , Soares Graca M. B.
Published: May 2020

The antimicrobial functionality of composites constituted by chitosan with silver-doped zeolites was developed and characterized. A composite with chitosan particles and silver-doped zeolites was synthesized using an ionic gelation process with sodium tripolyphosphate. The chitosan
silver-doped zeolites composite obtained presented sizes up to 5 μm, while the silver-doped zeolites had an average size between 0.5 μm and 3.3 μm. The synthesized chitosan silver-doped zeolites composites, as well as the silver-doped zeolites and the chitosan
dissolution, were characterized through X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The electro kinetic behaviour of chitosan, silver-doped zeolites and chitosan silver-doped zeolites composite was evaluated under different pH conditions. The
antimicrobial activity of the composites was evaluated in terms of minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum lethal concentrations and the results suggest that the chitosan silver-doped zeolites composites show antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, Escherichia
coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively and against Candida albicans. The results here presented support the potential application of the composite of chitosan with silver-doped zeolites in the functionalization of textiles with antimicrobial properties.
Meta-Analysis Treatment Hyperphosphatemia Chronic Renal Failure Based on Nano Lanthanum Hydroxide
Authors: Jiang Min , Zheng Hengheng , Xu Chengliang , Wang Ye , Wan Tingxin
Published: May 2020

In this study, our aim is to investigate the effect of lanthanum carbonate in chronic treatment renal failure complicated with hyperphosphatemia. Using methods with lanthanum carbonate, hyperphosphatemia, placebos, calcium carbonate, end-stage renal disease as keywords, we searched
the Chinese Journal Full-text Database, Chinese sci-tech journal database, Wanfang Data knowledge service platform, web of science, PubMed, and other databases for literature quality; meta analysis was carried out after a subsequent evaluation. The meta analysis results showed a significant
difference in the control of the blood phosphorus level between weighted mean difference WMD = −0.60, 95% CI: −0.75~−0.45, lanthanum carbonate and placebo; WMD = −0.01, 95% CI: −0.07~−0.05; the lanthanum carbonate and placebo had no significant difference
in the control of the blood calcium levels after treatment; WMD = −29.75, 95% CI: −39.22 for the control of blood PIH level after treatment, indicating that the difference between lanthanum carbonate and placebo in the control of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) level was statistically
significant. WMD=0.41, 95% CI: −0.48~0.34; the difference between the lanthanum carbonate and calcium carbonate in the control of the blood phosphorus level was statistically significant; WMD = 0.19, 95% CI: −0.25~0.13, lanthanum carbonate and calcium carbonate were statistically
significant in blood control calcium level; WMD = 174.66, 95% CI: −150.86~150.46, lanthanum carbonate and calcium carbonate were statistically significant in the control of blood PIH level; the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Lanthanum carbonate can significantly
reduce blood phosphorus and PIH complicated hyperphosphatemia, and has no significant effect on blood calcium, which is superior to calcium carbonate in effectiveness.
La3+/Sr2+ Dual-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles as Bone Substitutes: Synthesis, Characterization, In Vitro Bioactivity and Cytocompatibility
Authors: Sundarabharathi Lakshmanaperumal , Chinnaswamy Mahendran , Ponnamma Deepalekshmi , Parangusan Hemalatha , Al-Maadeed Mariam Al Ali
Published: May 2020

The present study aims to synthesize biocompatible and bioactive lanthanum (La3+)/strontium (Sr2+) dual ion doped hydroxyapatite (HA) nanomaterials by sol–gel method. The discrete substitution of La3+ and Sr2+ in pure HA enhances the
osteoconductivity. The co-substitution of various La3+ concentrations (0.03, 0.06 and 0.1 M) regulates the physical and In Vitro properties. The study also investigates the effect of La3+/Sr2+ substituents on the crystalline property, microstructure,
photoluminescence and In Vitro bioactivity of HA samples. La3+/Sr2+ co-substitution decreases the crystallite size of HA without any significant distortion of the crystal structure. In addition, the dual ions doping influences nanoparticles morphology by reducing
the particle size from 75 to 20 nm. The In Vitro bioactivity tests for the La3+/Sr2+ co-substituted HA confirm the osteoconductive boneapatite generating capacity. Bactericidal tests against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa stains
show better resistivity of La3+/Sr2+-HA samples. To authenticate the biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of the synthesized La3+/Sr2+ dual doped HA nanoparticles for bone implant applications, different tests like cell viability and toxicity
were conducted using human lung A549 cells.
In Vitro Evaluation of Quercetin Nanocrystals with Different Particle Sizes
Authors: Zhang Xun , Li Long , Gao Xiang , Zhang Hui , Gao Jing , Du Yimeng , Huang Xiaowu , Zheng Aiping
Published: May 2020

As one of the most prospective delivery systems of insoluble drugs, nanocrystal has attracted more and more attention from pharmaceutical researchers. Nanoparticles with prominent different particle diameters were obtained to solve the problem of solubility and evaluate the positive
effects of quercetin in vitro. The newly prepared nanocrystals were investigated by several methods including dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The particle sizes of the quercetin nanocrystals A (quercetin/NCs-A), quercetin nanocrystals B (quercetin/NCs-B)
and quercetin nanocrystals C (quercetin/NCs-C) were 3.089±0.162 μm, 677.2±9.7 nm and 169.8± 0.3 nm respectively. The crystalline state of quercetin was detected by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses and no change
was observed after the process of reducing sizes. An accelerated quercetin dissolution rate was achieved through the nanocrystal technique. In conclusion, nanocrystals could significantly increase the equilibrium solubility of quercetin In Vitro. In addition, the particle size also
had an important effect on the dissolution behavior of quercetin.
Effect of Ultraviolet Irradiation on Photo-Physical and Surface Electronic Properties of MoS2
Authors: Kumar Vijendra , Shukla R. K. , Shakya Jyoti
Published: May 2020

In this study, exfoliation of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) using the chemical exfoliation method was successfully achieved via probe sonication followed by centrifugation. The observed ultravioletvisible (UV-Vis) spectra of the MoS2 dispersions indicated the presence
of a few layers of MoS2. The morphological, structural, optical and surface electronic properties before and after UV light irradiation were investigated by the technique of X-ray diffraction, the Raman spectroscopic measurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the
scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPM). It was observed that after UV irradiation, the Fermi level moves towards the valence band.
Radial P34HB Electrospun Fiber: A Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Fu Na , Meng Zhaosong , Jiao Tiejun , Guo Aihuan , Luo Xiaoding , Wei Ran , Sui Lei , Cai Xiaoxiao
Published: May 2020

Finding suitable scaffold material is always an enormous challenge in the study of bone tissue engineering. Designing and preparing bone scaffolds with biomimetic properties is also a difficult problem for bone reparation projects. This project intends to fabricate radial bio-plasticpoly-3-hydroxybutyrate-4-hydroxybutyrate
(P34HB) electrospun fibers scaffold that mimic structural, compositional and stiffness properties via an electro spinning technique. The surface morphology, hydrophilicity of the radial fibers scaffold were tested, a contact angle meter and a universal material tester. Bone marrow mesenchymal
stem cell (BMSC) morphologies on radial P34HB electrospun fibers scaffold were observed after cell culture under fluorescence microscopy. Tests of cell viability on radial P34HB electrospun fibers scaffold were conducted. We further tested the osteogenic differentiation ability of radial fibers
scaffold. These results showed that radial P34HB electrospun fibers scaffold have good biosafety, biocompatibility and osteogenic induction. The radial structure of the scaffold also has a strong effect on the induction of bone formation. Moreover, the structure could also improve the bone
contact area of the implant and increase the locking and fixation between the implant and the bone. We plan to apply this procedure to animal experiments for bone defect repair in further research.
Activated Graphite Supported Tunable Au–Pd Bimetallic Nanoparticle Composite Electrode for Methanol Oxidation
Authors: Sakthinathan Subramanian , Thagavelu Kokulnathan , Tamizhdurai P. , Chiu Te-Wei
Published: May 2020

Methanol (CH3OH) is a favorable fuel for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) in compact devices. This work, we present a facile and simple approach to make divergent molar ratios uniform gold (Au) and palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) decoration on an activated graphite (AGR)
electrode. The binary combination of these AGR/Au–Pd catalysts composition is controlled by modifying the molar ratio of the Au and Pd precursors. The AGR/Au–Pd composite was characterized by suitable microscopy and spectroscopy characterization technique. Electrochemical studies
of the prepared material were also conducted by chronoamperometry (CA) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) methods. The AGR/Au–Pd composite nanoparticles were successfully prepared and decorated on an activated screen-printed carbon electrode (ASPCE) surface. The ASPCE/AGR/Au–Pd electrode
has great potential and stability for DMFCs. The prepared modified electrode was compared by a Pt/C electrode, and its efficiency was better than those of previously reported modified electrodes. Additionally, the electrocatalytic reaction of methanol oxidation is a surface controlled process
on the electrode surface.
Synthesis of Eco-Friendly High PL Lifespan Manganese-Doped CuInZnS/ZnS QDs for White LED Applications
Authors: Abib Mukerem Helil , Chen Taotao , Xu Enze , Wang Man , Jiang Yang
Published: May 2020

Environmentally friendly and long PL lifespan Mn-doped CuInZnS (Mn:CIZS) and CuInZnS/ZnS (Mn:CIZS/ZnS) QDs, with respective red and yellow emissions, were synthesized using nontoxic precursors via a facile dual-step process based on the one-pot method. The resulting Mn:CIZS and Mn:CIZS/ZnS
QDs exhibited confirmed strong red and yellow photoluminescence emissions at approximately 654 nm and 580 nm, respectively. The measured PL decay lifespan for the Mn: CIZS QDs is 2.52 μs due to well-organized surface passivation through the ZnS shell; the average PL lifespan for
the Mn:CIZS/ZnS QDs is extended to 6.28 μs. Moreover, the WLEDs were composed of the Mn:CIZS/ZnS QDs. The resulting WLEDs offered admirable optical attributes, such as an excellent Ra of 89, a low Tc of 5075 K and radiant white light emanation at 60 mA functional current. Therefore,
the outputs highlight the Mn:CIZS/ZnS QDs as hopeful cadmium-free resources for the interest of optoelectronics exploration.
Photodegradation of Cationic and Anioic Dyes by pH-Dependent Dispersion of Amphoteric g-C3N4 Nanosheets
Authors: Zhang Qingmei , Wen Aoli , Chen Guoliang , Huang Juan , Zhou Xu , Liu Canjun , Zeng Rongjin , Yan Wenmin , Jin Yongxi , Chen Shu
Published: May 2020

g-C3N4 nanosheets (NSs) were prepared via H2SO4 exfoliation from the bulky g-C3N4 and the photocatalytic (PC) activities were investigated comprehensively using Rodamine B (RhB) and Chromotrope 2R (Ch2R) as candidate
pollutants. The results showed that the pH value have important functions in the improvement of photodegradation performance of C3N4 NSs. RhB as cationic dye could be photodegraded more efficiently under acidic conditions while Ch2R as anionic dye was degraded easily
in pH ≥ 11 solution. In particular, the Ch2R could be degraded completely within only 30 min in pH = 11 solution. It might be because the amphoteric C3N4 NSs surface with carboxyl and amino groups possessed negative and positive charges in alkaline and acidic conditions,
respectively. These results presumably provided a new idea to enhance the pH-dependent photodegradation activity and degrade different types of pollutants selectively by adjusting the pH of amphoteric nanocatalyts.
Electrochemical Properties of High Nickel Content Li(Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1)O2 with an Alumina Thin-Coating Layer as a Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Jung Hyunju , Park Woojung , Holder Joseph , Yun Youngjun , Bong Sungyool
Published: May 2020

The cathode material, high Nickel content Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1 (NCM), was synthesized by coprecipitation with NH4OH used as a complexing agent. The prepared materials are made in the formation of spherical particles of Li(Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1)O2
of several micrometers in diameter. Al2O3 was coated by an impregnation method and its content was gradually increased to 1, 2 and 5 wt%. As a result, 1 wt% coated Al2O3 compared to pristine NCM exhibited 82% and 80% retention rates at 5 C and 1
wt% Al2O3 coated NCM recovery at 0.2 C after 5 C showed 100%. In addition, capacity retention of 1 wt% NCM+Al gently decreased in 100 cycle life characteristics, and capacity retention of 95% or more was confirmed.
Thermosensitive Liposomes Encapsulating Anti-Cancer Agent Lomustine, and Contrast Medium Iohexol, for Thermochemotherapy: Preparation, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Yang Shuoye , Zhu Wensheng , Wang Zhenwei , Xiao Yongmei , Mao Pu , Qu Lingbo , Hu Yuansen , Wang Jinshui
Published: May 2020

Thermosensitive liposome-based drug delivery systems (DDS) are powerful tools for site-specific delivery of chemotherapeutics, especially when combined with regional hyperthermia. The objective of this work was to develop a novel thermosensitive liposomal DDS loaded with lomustine,
a chemotherapeutic compound, and iohexol, a contrast medium for visualization by CT. Thermosensitive compound liposomes (TSCLs) composed of DPPC were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation and investigated for encapsulation efficiency, temperature-sensitivity, release kinetics, and In Vivo
pharmacokinetics. The size and zeta-potential of TSCLs ranged from 250 to 300 nm and −15 to −30 mV, respectively. At 41 °C, TSCLs were shown to release over 90% of iohexol and lomustine within 4 h. The in vitro release profiles of iohexol and lomustine at 41 °C conformed
to first-order kinetics and Weibullmodel, respectively. Phase-transition did not occur after incorporation of cholesterol and soybean phospholipids. In Vivo evaluation performed with C6 glioma model rats proved the prolonged half-lives and improved bioavailability by liposomal encapsulation
for both compounds under mild local hyperthermia. The TSCLs used in this study may offer a clinically promising mean of increasing efficacy and controlling toxicity.
Synthesis and Characterizations of Nitrogen (N) Doped Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3) Nanoparticles for Enhanced Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic Degradation
Authors: Rahman Qazi Inamur , Hasan Shumaila , Ali Arif , Mehta S. K. , Raja Mohammad Asif , Ahmad Naseem , Khan Abdul Rahman , Muddassir Mohd.
Published: May 2020

Highly crystalline bare and N-doped SrTiO3 nanoparticles were effectively synthesized with strontium acetate, titanium isopropoxide, hexamethylenetetramine as precursor via citric acid assisted hydrothermal process followed by calcination. The hydrothermally synthesized bare
and N-doped SrTiO3 NPs possessed monodispersity throughout with particle size diameter 50±5 nm but because of annealing at 750 °C temperature the synthesized NPs got agglomerate which created rough surface and induces oxygen vacancy in the NPs. Introducing N3−
ions impurity into SrTiO3 lattice tailored the electronic band structure of SrTiO3 and extends its absorption into the visible region. It would display the p-type conductivity and facilitate the photoinduced electron–hole pairs towards respective site which diminishes
the chances of recombination of electron–hole pairs that enhances photocatalytic degradation reaction. The results showed MB degraded about ~88 in just 140 min and followed first order reaction kinetics with rate constant k = 0.01489 mint−1.
Fabrication of Branched Flower-Like ZnO/Si Hierarchical Heterostructure UV Detector by Aqueous Method
Authors: Liu Sitong , Yu Naisen , Wu Yunfeng
Published: May 2020

High performance ZnO/Si hierarchical heterostructure UV detector was fabricated using an aqueous method. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the hierarchical heterostructure were characterized. The heterostructural UV detector was composed of ZnO nanorods grown on
Si nanowires to form a flower-like structure. The device results demonstrated that the as-grown ZnO/Si hierarchical heterostructure showed high UV response. The method provides a simple way to fabricate high-response UV photodetectors based on ZnO/Si heterostructure.
Organic Thin Film Transistors Fabricated by a Solution Process Using Direct Patterned Single-Layer Graphene Electrodes
Authors: Kim Do-Kyung , Han Jae-Hyung , Choi. Muhan , Bae Jin-Hyuk
Published: May 2020

We propose the direct transfer method of single-layer graphene (SLG) from metal catalyst Cu-foil to a polymeric insulator and the direct patterning method of the SLG for electrodes of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) without contamination using soft-lithography. Through soft-lithography,
SLG can be formed in various patterns relatively easily in comparison with the conventional photolithography method that has multiple complex process steps to make graphene patterns. Furthermore, the 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene OTFTs are fabricated in solution with SLG source
and drain electrodes. As a result, the field-effect mobility of OTFTs based on SLG electrodes was enhanced about 4 times in comparison with that of OTFTs using typical metal electrodes due to the decrease in contact resistance.
A Preliminary Study on the Synergistic Effect of Nano Ag and Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs on Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Li Xiaofei , Sheng Lina , Tu Juncai , Lou Lianqing
Published: May 2020

To determine the bactericidal effect of nano silver and anti-tuberculosis drugs on drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Solid-state drug sensitivity tests with streptomycin (SM), isoniazid (INH), RIF, EMB, kanamycin (km), and ofloxacin (ofx) were carried out on H37Rv and
different clinical isolates. Briefly, the effects of SM, INH, RIF, EMB (1.0 μg/mL, 0.1 μg/mL, 1.0 μg/mL, 5.0 μg/mL), and anti-tuberculosis drugs, and their combined effect with 0.15 μg/mL and 0.30 μg/mL nano silver on drug-resistant
tuberculosis bacteria were evaluated by liquid drug sensitivity test. At the low concentration (0.15 μg/mL), nano silver could not effectively kill the tuberculosis strains; however, at concentrations ≥0.30 μg/mL, it could effectively kill H37Rv and the clinical isolates
of the sensitive, single-resistant, multi-resistant, multi-resistant, and extensively resistant strains. Combining 0.15 μg/mL nano silver with the four first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs could not effectively kill the tuberculosis strains; however, combining 0.30 μg/mL
nano silver and the anti-tuberculosis drugs could effectively kill the drug-resistant tuberculosis strains. Nano silver exhibits a concentrationdependent killing effect on tubercle bacillus. Further, a nano silver concentration higher than 0.30 μg/mL could kill sensitive and resistant
tubercle bacillus.