bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Data Physics for Salt Water Disposal Pressure Prediction
Authors: Huang C-K. , Rincones M. D. , Vennes D. , Ferro S. , Tasrianto R. , Anderson A. , Sarma P. , Zhao Y. , Valencia J. , Betancourt D.
Published: October 2024

The absence of proper surveillance during saltwater disposal (SWD) in shallow formations may pose drilling and completion risks for unconventional wells developed below disposal intervals. Predictive models capable of reliable pressure prediction in water disposal formations are essential to mitigate these risks. These models can also be used to optimize future SWD activities such as 1) identifying optimal injection rates and locations of new injectors and 2) minimizing drilling and completion risks by avoiding high-pressure injection locations.

Reservoir simulation has been used for SWD pressure estimation in some assets. However, setting up and maintaining a reliable reservoir model for pressure prediction can be challenging. Complex geology in the disposal formation, coupled with sparse and unreliable pressure data, makes the modeling problem ill-posed and can lead to low confidence reservoir pressure estimates.

We propose a novel SWD modeling technique that leverages the Data Physics framework with simplified but physically rigorous model representations to alleviate the drawbacks encountered in conventional reservoir simulation. These Data Physics models combine reservoir physics and machine learning into unified models that can be built, run, and updated quickly. Additionally, an ensemble-based data assimilation approach accounts for uncertainty and provides more robust pressure predictions.

To test the validity of the approach, a synthetic simulation model was created to serve as the "ground truth." We show that the new modeling technique can effectively use very little data from this simulation model to predict pressure responses due to water injection. The new modeling technique was tested and applied in the Bakken and Permian basins to predict pressure responses due to SWD activities in these areas. The model can also be used to propose new injection strategies to reduce drilling and completion risks.
Impact of magnesium levels in pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abdul Naeera , Dorsamy Vinogrin , Bagwandeen Chauntelle
Published: October 2024

Background:
Magnesium, an often-overlooked trace element, may play a pivotal role in maternal and fetal health outcomes during pregnancy. Magnesium deficiency has been observed to contribute to several maternal complications, such as intrauterine growth restriction, pregnancy-induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia, a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, presents substantial risks to both maternal and fetal health. Magnesium sulphate is a cornerstone in the management of pre-eclampsia, underscoring the importance of magnesium in pregnancy. Notably, pre-eclampsia is more prevalent in low-to-middle-income countries, where other co-morbidities such as HIV, anaemia and obesity are also common. Understanding the dynamics of magnesium levels in pregnancy and their interactions with co-morbidities could be critical for improving maternal and fetal health outcomes worldwide.
Method:
This protocol is for a systematic review and meta-analysis that aims to comprehensively map the literature on magnesium levels in pregnancy. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis for Protocols guidelines, our study will provide a rigorous synthesis of available evidence. By conducting a thorough search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Directory of Open Access Journals, and Google Scholar, we aim to identify studies reporting on magnesium levels during pregnancy. Through screening and data extraction, we will analyze the association between magnesium levels and pregnancy complications, with further exploration of the impact of co-morbidities on magnesium status in pregnancy.
Discussion:
The findings of this study may have the potential to affect maternal and fetal health outcomes globally. Improved understanding of magnesium's role in pregnancy physiology can guide targeted interventions aimed at reducing the burden of pre-eclampsia and its associated complications, particularly in low-to-middle-income countries where maternal and infant mortality rates remain unacceptably high.
Prospero Registration: CRD42024518427
The consortium project INTEGRATE-ADHD - Comparison and integration of administrative and epidemiological ADHD diagnostic data by clinical assessment: study description and sample characteristics
Authors: Beyer Ann-Kristin , Beck Lilian , Pfeifer Stefan , Kuhnert Ronny , Hölling Heike , Jans Thomas , Berner Annalena , Hetzke Leila , Weyrich Sophia , Scholz Vanessa , Emser Theresa , Mager Diana , Ulsamer Sanna , Wallau Chantal , Romanos Marcel , Gilbert Martha , Kaman Anne , Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike , Witte Julian , Hasemann Lena , Weinert Katharina , Greiner Wolfgang , Widmann Jonas , Grau Anna , Horn Anna , Fiessler Cornelia , Heuschmann Peter , Riederer Cordula , Schlack Robert
Published: October 2024

Background
The consortium project INTEGRATE-ADHD examines differences between administrative and epidemiologically parent-reported Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnostic data of children and adolescents in Germany. Therefore, parents of youths with an administrative ADHD diagnoses were surveyed using the questionnaires of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) and a subsample was clinically examined.
Methods
Parents of children and adolescents insured with the third largest German statutory health insurance DAK-Gesundheit with at least one confirmed administrative ADHD diagnosis in one quarter of the insurance year 2020 were surveyed online. The epidemiological questionnaire contained information on ADHD diagnosis, disorder-specific and comorbid psychopathology, health care utilisation, quality and satisfaction with care, risk and protective factors, and health-related quality of life. A subsample participated in a guideline-based clinical online assessment. Administrative, epidemiological and clinical data were linked on person-level.
Results
A total of n = 5,461 parents of children and adolescents with an administratively documented ADHD diagnosis (mean age = 12.5 years, 25.4% girls) responded to the online questionnaire (response rate: 21.5%). A representative subsample consisting of 202 families participated in the clinical online assessment. In 201 children and adolescents, it was possible to determine whether ADHD was clinically present.
Conclusion
Combining administrative, epidemiological and clinical ADHD diagnostic data on person-level, the consortium project INTEGRATE-ADHD offers an innovative and unique data-linkage approach that will provide a better understanding of the meaning and validity of ADHD prevalence data originating from various data sources. In addition, information on treatment satisfaction in affected child and adolescents and their families and potential deficits of health care in the context of ADHD as well as disorder-related direct health care costs may be derived.
Transcriptional reprogramming in oral squamous carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Xianyang , Shen Shan
Published: October 2024

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent form of cancer globally, originating from a diverse range of neoplastic transformations in the oral mucosa. This condition is characterized by its complex genetic underpinnings, involving the intricate regulation of multiple genes. Genetic factors influence cellular processes such as growth, differentiation, and apoptosis of oral mucosal cells, thereby promoting or inhibiting tumor formation and progression. Furthermore, environmental factors—including smoking, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection—can significantly increase the risk of developing OSCC. These external influences can impact the disease in several ways. Delayed clinical detection and the absence of specific biomarkers, coupled with expensive treatment alternatives, contribute to poor prognoses among OSCC patients. Thus, identifying OSCC biomarkers has become imperative. This study investigates publicly accessible sequencing data of oral mucosal tissues from four distinct datasets—GSE23558, GSE30784, GSE36090, and GSE51010—archived in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. By analyzing these datasets, which encompass a range of genetic profiles and experimental conditions, the study seeks to uncover critical biomarkers and molecular pathways involved in the early stages of OSCC development. The primary objective is to identify pivotal genes linked to the onset of OSCC. The findings provide preliminary evidence for therapeutic targets in OSCC and may serve as a robust foundation for subsequent biological research endeavors.
Metabolomic and Microbiota Profiles in Cervicovaginal Lavage Fluid of women with High- Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection
Authors: Shen Su , Zhao Shixian , Shan Jinjun , Ren Qingling
Published: October 2024

The presence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) contributes to the development of cervical lesions and cervical cancer. Recent studies suggest that an imbalance in the cervicovaginal microbiota might be a factor in the persistence of HR-HPV infections. In this study, we collected 156 cervicovaginal fluid(CVF) of women with HR-HPV infection, which were divided into three groups(negative for intraepithelial lesions = 78, low/high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions = 52/26). We performed metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing to identify changes in metabolites and cervicovaginal microbiota among patients with HR-HPV infection and varying grades of cervical lesions. We detected 164 metabolites and 389 flora types in the three groups. Ten CVF metabolites—N-methylalanine, phenylacetaldehyde, succinic acid, 2-3-dihydroxypyridine, DL-p-hydroxylphenyllactic acid, gluconic acid lactone, guanine, glucose-6-phosphate, erythrose, and sucrose showed significant associations with disease severity (P < 0.05) and distinct separation patterns in HR-HPV-infected patients with LSIL and HSIL, with an area under the curve of 0.928. The most abundant microbial communities in the CVF were Lactobacillus and Gardnerella. There was a significant negative correlation between succinic acid and Gardnerella. These findings suggest significant systemic metabolic changes in HR-HPV infection as it progresses to cervical lesions, providing valuable insights into the associated metabolic alterations and their association with disease severity.
A Nomogram Predicting 1-Year Co-Progression of Carotid and Coronary Plaque in Patients After Coronary Stenting
Authors: Zhang Chunyan , Li Min , Zhang Chi , Sun Yanyi , Chen Zhenyue
Published: October 2024

Backgroud: The concordance of carotid and coronary plaque progression warrants investigation.
Objectives: We aimed to analyze the correlation between them and to explore a nomogram for predicting multisite plaque co-progression in patients implanted with coronary drug-eluting stents (DES).
Methods: 909 patients were enrolled and randomized in a 7:3 ratio to the training and validation groups. LASSO (Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) and logistic regressions determined risk factors. The nomogram visualized the prediction model. Concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and calibration curve validated the discrimination and calibration of the model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve assessed the clinical utility value of the nomogram.
Results: In our study, there was no statistical correlation between the concordance assessed by McNemar's test. Five variables were selected to establish the nomogram which displayed a robust discriminative ability with C-index of 0.837 [95% confidence interval (CI)=0.779-0.895) and 0.802 (95% CI=0.762-0.842), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.823 (95% CI=0.769-0.887) and 0.803 (95% CI=0.762-0.842) for the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration results indicated favorable agreement between the predicted and actual probability. Furthermore, DCA and clinical impact curve showed the benefit of the nomogram in the clinical decision.
Conclusion: The progression of carotid and coronary plaque was not highly concordant in patients with coronary DES at one-year follow up. The atherosclerotic plaque risk factor (ASPRF) nomogram showed effectively predictive value and clinical utility for the co-progression of carotid and coronary plaque after coronary DES implantation.
Development and utilization of a fluorescence sensor for Zn2+ detection
Authors: Li Xiujuan , Gao Tinghuan , Wang Shoucheng , Zhang Qing , Chen Siyu , Wang Xinchao , Liu Qianqian
Published: October 2024

A fluorescence probe (Probe-Zn) was designed and synthesized for the rapid detection of Zn2+ based on the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism. The specific recognition ability of Probe-Zn to Zn2+ was tested using UV-VIS and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The results demonstrated a rapid response within 40s upon addition of an appropriate amount of Zn2+ into the mixed solution of the target probe molecules (DMSO/PBS = 5/5). Under 365 nm ultraviolet light irradiation, the colorless solution changed to yellow-green fluorescence with a 150-folds increase in intensity. Furthermore, the detection limit for specific recognition of Zn2+ by the probe molecule is only 17.3 nmol/L, indicating high sensitivity. The practical application potential of the probe molecules was enhanced by employing on information storage and conducting cell imaging experiments.
Promoter methylation of Retinol Binding Protein 7 (RBP7) predicts worse prognosis in breast cancer patients
Authors: Zhao Xumin , Lu Rong , Chen Pu , Cui Rongrong , Wang Yuanyuan , Hou Peng , Qu Yiping
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women all over the world. Genetic and epigenetic events are accumulated in breast tumorigenesis. Retinoid-binding protein7 (RBP7) is a member of the cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) family, which is involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Previous study indicated high expression of RBP7 was significantly related to good relative percent survival in the luminal A subtype. However, promoter methylation of RBP7 and its relationship with clinicopathological features remains unclear. In order to investigate the methylation status of RBP7 in breast cancer patients. We collected and conducted MSP in a cohort of breast cancer patients. Our results showed that high expression of RBP7 correlates with better prognosis in breast cancer from TCGA database. And the MSP experiment in the breast cancer cohort indicated promoter methylation of RBP7 might be one of the reasons causing RBP7 down-regulation in breast cancer patient. Further study indicated that RBP7 methylation was found to be significantly associated with molecular status, LNM and cancer related death. Furthermore, the univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that RBP7 methylation acted as a predictor of poor survival either in the whole cohort or ER, PR, Her2 negative subtypes. Our study in conclusion indicates that promoter methylation of RBP7 may predict poor prognosis in breast cancer regardless of its molecular status.
Differences in Lower Limb Muscle Activation and Variability Across Walking Speeds by Age and Fall Risk
Authors: Park Yongnam , Bae Youngsook
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to determine the differences in lower limb muscle activation and variability at preferred, slow, and fast walking speeds according to age and fall risk. We divided 301 participants into groups based on age (young older: 70–79 years vs. old older: 80–90 years) and fall risk (fall risk vs. non-fall risk). We measured muscle activation and its coefficients of variation (CV) for the rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA), and medial gastrocnemius muscle (GCM) at speeds 20% slower, 20% faster, and 40% faster than the preferred speed (PS). When compared by age, older adults exhibited greater changes in RF and GCM activities, versus young older adults; however, the CV was not significantly different. Fall risk older adults had significantly lower GCM activity and higher CVs of RF, BF, TA, and GCM in PS. With changes in gait speed, older adults at risk of falling had significantly increased CVs of RF, BF, and GCM. Our findings provide new evidence that variability rather than muscle activity increases with walking speed in older adults at risk of falls, highlighting the importance of decreasing muscle activity variability in preventing fall risk.
The preventive effect of medical biological glue on postoperative bile leakage in laparoscopic common bile duct primary suture
Authors: tian lantian , mi liqiang , li jingxiang , wei wenxin , zhao leitao , yu guangjian , guo yingrong
Published: October 2024

Aim
Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration for stone removal is a relatively comfortable procedure for patients, but the risk of bile leakage after surgery is still a concern. However, the use of medical biological glue in small incisions of the common bile duct may offer a solution. The effectiveness of this method for reducing the occurrence of bile leakage is still uncertain, but it holds great potential for improving patient outcomes. At Juxian People's Hospital, we are committed to exploring all options for enhancing the safety and comfort of our patients.
Objective
To evaluate the value of medical biological glue in preventing biliary fistula in laparoscopic choledochotomy in patients with non-acute suppurative cholangitis.
Methods
Patients undergoing laparoscopic choledochotomy and primary suture were divided into two groups: the control group (group 2 n=24) underwent continuous suture with absorbable sutures, and the experimental group (group 1 n=18) underwent continuous suture with absorbable sutures followed by spraying of medical biological glue. The incidence of biliary fistula, removal time, discharge time, and other indicators were compared between the two groups.
Results
The incidence of biliary fistula, amount of biliary leakage, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative cost were significantly lower in the biological glue group than in the control group. The use of biological medical glue did not cause any relevant complications, did not affect liver function, did not delay intestinal exhaust time, and the patients felt good overall.
Conclusion
Medical biological glue can significantly reduce the incidence of biliary fistula after laparoscopic choledochotomy and primary suture, without increasing additional complications.
The Effect of Albumin Value, HALP Score and LCR Value on Predicting Survival and Recurrence in Patients with Pancreatic Adenocancer
Authors: GUMUS Tufan , UMMAN Veysel , CETIN Bekir , UGUZ Alper
Published: October 2024

Aim
The aim of this study is to investigate whether the albumin value and the ratios of biochemical markers; hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet (HALP score) and lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) can predict the survival and recurrence of the disease in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Materials and Methods
Patients operated for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n:87) who did not receive neoadjuvant treatment in our clinic between January 2017 and December 2021 were included in the study. The preoperative albumin levels, HALP scores and LCR values were calculated, and analyzed to determine whether the differences in these ratios could predict pathological findings in the early period.
Results
The average age of 87 patients included in our study was 64.8 ± 9.6 years. 59 (67.8%) of the patients were male and 28 (32.2%) were female. The cut-off value for HALP score was determined as 34.4, the cut-off value for LCR value was 0.61, and the cut-off value for albumin value was 38.55. It was found that the overall survival time of patients with low HALP scores was significantly shorter than patients with high HALP scores (15.8 vs. 19.3 months) (p < 0.01). The overall survival time of patients with low LCR was significantly longer (17.8 vs 18.5 months) than patients with high LCR score (p < 0.01). The overall survival time of patients with high albumin values was found to be significantly longer (14.6 vs 16.3 months) than patients with low albumin values (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
Low HALP levels and low albumin values were confirmed to be significant independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival and overall survival in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients.
Eye movements follow the dynamic shifts of attention through serial order in verbal working memory
Authors: Schroth Lara Stella Marie , Fias Wim , Sahan Muhammet Ikbal
Published: October 2024

How are arbitrary sequences of verbal information retained and manipulated in working memory? Increasing evidence suggests that serial order in verbal WM is spatially coded and that spatial attention is involved in access and retrieval. Based on the idea that brain areas controlling spatial attention are also involved in oculomotor control, we used eye tracking to reveal how the spatial structure of serial order information is accessed in verbal working memory. In two experiments, participants memorized a sequence of auditory words in the correct order. While their eye movements were being measured, they named the memorized items in a self-determined order in Experiment 1 and in a cued order in Experiment 2. We tested the hypothesis that serial order in verbal working memory interacts with the spatial attention system whereby gaze patterns in visual space closely follow attentional shifts in the internal space of working memory. In both experiments, we found that the gaze shifts in visual space correlated with the spatial shifts of attention along the left-to-right one-dimensional mapping of serial order positions in verbal WM. These findings suggest that spatial attention is employed for dynamically searching through verbal WM and that eye movements reflect the spontaneous association of order and space even in the absence of visuospatial input.
Association of body mass index with clinicopathological features among patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Fu Zhibin , Bao Yewei , Dong Kai , Gu Di , Wang Zheng , Ding Jiean , He Ziwei , Gan Xinxin , Wu Zhenjie , Yang Chenghua , Wang Linhui
Published: October 2024

Objective: To investigate the potential association between body mass index (BMI) and the clinicopathological features of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 2451 patients who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy for renal masses between 2013 and 2023 in a single institution. Patients were divided into normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups based on the Chinese BMI classification. Clinicopathological features, including pathologic tumor size, pathologic T (pT) stage, Fuhrman grade or WHO/ISUP grade, renal capsular invasion, perirenal fat or renal sinus fat invasion, and vein cancerous embolus were compared among the groups using Student’s t-test or one-way ANOVA for normally distributed continuous variables, and the chi-square or Fisher’s test for categorical variables.
Results: A total of 2541 ccRCC patients having a median BMI of 24.9 (interquartile range 22.7-27.0) were evaluated. No significant association was found between the pathological tumor diameter and BMI among the normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups (normal-weight vs. overweight, p=0.31; normal-weight vs. obese, p=0.21). There was no statistical difference in pT stage (normal-weight vs. overweight, p=0.28; normal-weight vs. obese, p=0.23). No statistically significant difference was observed in the distribution of Fuhrman/ISUP grade (p=0.12), proportion of patients with renal capsular invasion (p=0.49), perirenal fat or renal sinus fat invasion (p=1.00), and vein cancerous embolus (p=0.64) between the normal-weight and overweight groups. However, patients in the obese group tended to have low Fuhrman or WHO/ISUP grades (p < 0.001), and decreased rates of renal capsular invasion (p < 0.05), perirenal fat or renal sinus fat invasion (p < 0.05), and vein cancerous embolus (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Obesity was associated with less aggressive pathological features such as low tumor nuclear grade, low rate of renal capsular invasion, perirenal fat or renal sinus fat invasion, and vein cancerous embolus. This finding may provide clinicopathological evidence and explanations for the “obesity paradox” of RCC.
Analysis of Early Dilation of the Residual gastric After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Insights from a 3D CT Reconstruction Study
Authors: Li Zhao , Li Zhaopeng , Song Yancheng , Guo Dong , Song Yi , Li Yu , Zhang Zhuoli , Chen Dong
Published: October 2024

Background Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is currently the most commonly performed bariatric surgery due to its effective weight loss and low complication rates. However, some patients experience weight regain or insufficient weight loss due to residual gastric dilation, the factors of which are unclear. This study uses 3D CT reconstruction to measure changes in residual gastric volume after LSG and investigates factors contributing to gastric dilation and its impact on weight loss. Method This retrospective study involved 50 LSG patients. Preoperative clinical and laboratory data were collected. Residual gastric volume was measured using 3D CT reconstruction at 1 and 3 months post-surgery. The study assessed total sleeve volume (TSV), tube volume (TV), and antral volume (AV). Resected gastric volume and staple line length were measured during surgery. Weight metrics and laboratory indices were recorded at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-surgery. The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21 (TFEQ-R21), the Eating Behavior and Belief Scale Questionnaire (EBBS-Q), and the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GERD-Q) were used to assess patients' postoperative dietary behavior, treatment adherence, and reflux condition, respectively. Correlations between weight metrics, residual gastric dilation, and the aforementioned factors were analyzed. Results The 50 patients had a mean preoperative BMI of 42.27 ± 7.19 kg/m² and an average total weight loss (%TWL) of 34 ± 7% one year post-LSG. One month post-LSG, mean TV, AV, and TSV were 45.93 ± 16.75 mL, 115.85 ± 44.92 mL, and 161.77 ± 55.37 mL, respectively. %TWL at one year significantly correlated with residual gastric dilation (p < 0.05). Three months post-surgery, the degree of residual gastric dilation was 13.50 ± 17.35%. Initial residual gastric volume, preoperative diabetes, and postoperative reflux were associated with dilation. Conclusion Residual gastric dilation post-LSG significantly affects weight loss efficacy. Factors including initial residual residual gastric volume, preoperative diabetes, and postoperative reflux are associated with residual gastric dilation.
Extraction camouflage treatment of a skeletal Class III malocclusion with severe anterior crowding by miniscrews and driftodontics in the mandibular dentition
Authors: Zhang Kai , Li Jiaojiao , Yu Liyuan , Sun Wentian , Xia Kai , Zhao Zhihe , Liu Jun
Published: October 2024

An 18-year-old Chinese woman presented with chief complaints of crowded teeth and mild mandibular prognathism. Clinical and imaging examinations revealed a skeletal and dental Class III malocclusion characterized by a concave profile, a protruded chin, increased lower anterior facial height, anterior crossbites, and crowded teeth. Extraction camouflage therapy combined with driftodontics was employed to relieve crowding and retract the lower anterior teeth. The total active treatment time was 31 months. After treatment, functional occlusion and smile esthetics were significantly improved.
Perioperative and long-term outcomes of CEA/CAS on patients with severe ICA stenosis and impaired distal lumen
Authors: Huang Huaigu , Xu Yingxin , Cai Lizhu , Wang Yanling , Zheng Xueqing , Chen Yu , Zheng Yuehong , Chen Yuexin
Published: October 2024

Objective
To investigate the peri-operative and long-term outcomes of patients with severe internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and impaired distal lumen.
Methods
134 patients with ICA stenosis ≥ 70% and impaired distal lumen were included in this single center, retrospective observational study. ‘Impaired distal lumen’ was determined by a less-perfused distal lumen slimmer than ipsilateral external carotid artery (ECA) or contralateral internal carotid artery (ICA) found in CTA scan. Precise measurements of CTA results were reached and diagnosed 44 as internal carotid artery near occlusion (ICANO) patients, and 90 as non-ICANO patients. They all underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) treatment, and were followed-up at 1 month, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and 5 years.
Results
Patients with severe ICA stenosis and impaired distal lumen demonstrated a low rate of cardio-cerebral comorbidity of 1.49% (2/134) within 30 days and 7.46% (10/134) after 30 days. No significant differences were found between two groups in peri-operative and long-term cardio-cerebral comorbidities. Regarding cardio-cerebral comorbidities-free survival and event-free survival, no differences were found (P = .22, P = .23). A larger distal lumen of contralateral ICA (HR 0.75 [0.60–0.94]) was found to be a protective factor for event-free survival.
Conclusions
Surgical intervention (CEA/CAS treatment) was found safe and effective in patients with severe ICA stenosis and impaired distal lumen. No significant differences were found between ICANO and non-ICANO group in perioperative and long-term outcomes. Patients with a larger distal lumen of contralateral ICA might have a better event-free survival.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and co-occurring psychological issues among Turkish metropolitan firefighters Running head: Psychological issues in firefighters with PTSD
Authors: Bakirci Ahmet Erhan , Sar Vedat , Cetin Ali
Published: October 2024

Objectives. This study aimed to investigate the co-occurrence of childhood trauma, dissociation, suicidality, and depression with posttraumatic-stress disorder (PTSD) among professional firefighters working in metropolitan fire departments in Turkey.
Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 760 male firefighters aged 24-55 years with 2-35 years of work experience. Participants completed self-report questionnaires, including the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-33 (CTQ-33), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-4 (SBQ-4), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).
Results. Using a PCL-5 score ≥33 as the cutoff for probable PTSD, 28.5% of the participants met the criteria. Firefighters with PTSD showed significantly higher rates of childhood trauma (51.2% vs. 28.4%, p < 0.001), dissociation (52% vs. 10% above the clinical cut-off, p < 0.001), suicidal ideation (54.8% vs. 37.8%, p < 0.001), and depression (100% vs. 34.4% with at least mild symptoms, p < 0.001) than those without PTSD. PTSD severity positively correlated with childhood trauma (r = 0.42, p < 0.001), dissociation (r = 0.58, p < 0.001), suicidal ideation (r = 0.39, p < 0.001), and depression (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). Childhood trauma emerged as a significant predictor of PTSD status (odds ratio [OR] = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.89-3.67, p < 0.001).
Conclusions. The findings highlight the significant co-occurrence of PTSD with childhood trauma, dissociation, suicidality, and depression among metropolitan firefighters. These results underscore the importance of comprehensive mental health screening and targeted interventions for firefighters, particularly in addressing the interplay between PTSD and other psychological issues.
An Emerging, Less Explored SCOLA (Subcutaneous Onlay Laparoscopic Approach) for Ventral Hernias with concomitant Diastasis Recti: A Prospective Study
Authors: Mehta Ketan , V Rajesh G , Parmar Girish , Mehta Viraj , Bavarva Nirav , Charniya Keval , Vaghasiya Jeet , Buch Dhiren , Kapashi Kushal
Published: October 2024

Ventral Hernia (VH) is a common issue in patients with Diastasis Recti (DR). VH with concomitant DR presents a challenging scenario for surgical repair due to complexity of abdominal wall defects. Traditional open surgical procedure is associated with prolonged discomfort and poor cosmesis and resultant patients’ unacceptability. Minimal access surgery such as Sub Cutaneous Onlay Laparoscopic Approach (SCOLA), offers innovative solution in addressing both hernia defects and DR comprehensively and circumvent drawbacks of open surgery. In this prospective observational study, 33 patients with VH and DR underwent SCOLA in a tertiary care hospital in Jamnagar, India over a period of 15 months. Reconstruction of abdominal wall was done by suturing hernia defect, plication of DR and onlay polypropylene mesh augmentation by using this technique. No recurrence was detected at follow up from 4 to 18 month. Overall patient satisfaction rate was 90.9%. We conclude that, the SCOLA is a promising advancement in the treatment of patients of VH with DR with many benefits.
Resting-state Functional MRI Study of Mice with Tinnitus Induced by Traumatic Noise Exposure and Sodium Salicylate Overdose
Authors: Zhang Weixun , Shi Jianan , Zhang Yuwen , Ma Rui , Chen Meirong , Yang Juanmei
Published: October 2024

Tinnitus, a phantom auditory sensation, significantly impacts quality of life and social interactions. While central gain changes, including hyperactivity and increased neural synchrony, have been implicated in tinnitus, the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study utilized resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to investigate the neural basis of tinnitus induced in mice by two distinct methods, traumatic noise exposure and sodium salicylate overdose. Behavioral tests confirmed the successful induction of tinnitus in both groups. rs-fMRI analysis revealed distinct patterns of neural activity in mice with tinnitus compared with control mice. Traumatic noise exposure induced an increase in amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in the paraflocculus and auditory cortex, as well as a decrease in regional homogeneity (ReHo) in limbic system regions. On the other hand, sodium salicylate overdose led to decreased ALFF and ReHo in the auditory cortex, somatosensory system and limbic system regions. Functional connectivity analysis further highlighted differences between the two models, with traumatic noise exposure affecting connectivity with the inferior colliculus and sodium salicylate overdose affecting connectivity with the medial geniculate body. These findings suggest that traumatic noise exposure and sodium salicylate overdose induce tinnitus through distinct neural mechanisms, potentially involving different neural circuits and pathways. Further research is needed to explore these mechanisms and develop targeted therapies for tinnitus.
Clinical-Radiomics Model Enhancing Prediction of Occult Nodal Metastasis in cT1a-bN0M0-stage Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Multi-center Study
Authors: Yan Qinqin , Yan Fuhua , Wang Shengping , Feng Feng , Jia Zhongzheng , Yang Shan , Cheng Zenghui , Zhang Zhiyong , Shan Fei
Published: October 2024

Purpose
To construct radiomics models for predicting occult nodal metastasis (ONM) in cT1a-bN0M0-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and evaluate the multi-center diagnostic performance of models.
Methods
1672 patients from six hospitals were collected including training set (n = 687), test set (n = 297) and external validation set (n = 688). Generalized linear model (GLM), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), gradient boosting machine (GBM) and the Clinical-Radiomics (Clinic-Rad) models were constructed and validated to predict ONM. Diagnostic performance was quantified by the area under receiver operative characteristic curve (AUC), and compared using De-Long test. Correlations of radiomics features with pathological characteristics were evaluated by Mantel-test.
Results
Compared to GLM-, SVM-, RF- and GBM-models, the Clinic-Rad model integrating clinical predictors and Radscore received superior diagnostic efficacy in validation set (0.813 ± 0.019 versus 0.790 ± 0.021, 0.761 ± 0.023, 0.708 ± 0.026, 0.769 ± 0.022; all P < 0.001), although no statistical differences in test set (0.834 ± 0.023 versus 0.827 ± 0.024, 0.829 ± 0.025, 0.838 ± 0.023, 0.826 ± 0.024; all P > 0.05). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of the Clinic-Rad model was 77.2–75.8%, 72.0–72.7%, 72.7–74.4%. Besides, it was well predictive in solid- and subsolid-appearance LUAD respectively, with pooled AUC values of 0.802–0.820 and 0.797–0.917. Furthermore, radiomics models significantly outperformed clinical predictors including solid-component diameter, consolidation-to-tumor ratio, CEA level and the combined diagnosis (AUC values: versus 0.669–0.678, 0.542–0.600, 0.571–0.613 and 0.683–0.724; all P < 0.001). The Mantel-test demonstrated 88.9%(n = 16/18) of selected radiomics features, Radscore and predicted ONM possibilities were correlated with poorly-differentiated, lymph-vessel invasion, visceral pleura invasion.
Conclusions
Radiomics features are useful to predict ONM in cT1a-bN0M0-stage LUAD and the Clinic-Rad model shows the best diagnostic performance.
Methylation patterns of the nasal epigenome of hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 positive patients reveal insights into molecular mechanisms of COVID-19
Authors: Spector Benjamin , Koseva Boryana , McLennan Rebecca , Banerjee Dithi , Lankachandra Kamani , Bradley Todd , Selvarangan Rangaraj , Grundberg Elin
Published: October 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has varied presentations from asymptomatic to death. Efforts to identify factors responsible for differential COVID-19 severity include but are not limited to genome wide association studies (GWAS) and transcriptomic analysis. More recently, variability in host epigenomic profiles have garnered attention, providing links to disease severity. However, whole epigenome analysis of the respiratory tract, the target tissue of SARS-CoV-2, remains ill-defined.
Results: We interrogated the nasal methylome to identify pathophysiologic drivers in COVID-19 severity through whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) of nasal samples from COVID-19 positive individuals with severe and mild presentation of disease. We noted differential DNA methylation in intergenic regions and low methylated regions (LMRs), demonstrating the importance of distal regulatory elements in COVID-19-induced gene regulation. Additionally, we demonstrated differential methylation of pathways implicated in immune cell recruitment and function, and the inflammatory response. We found significant hypermethylation (suppression) of the FUT4 promoter implicating impaired neutrophil adhesion in severe disease. We also identified hypermethylation of ELF5 binding sites suggesting downregulation of ELF5targets in the nasal cavity as a factor in COVID-19 phenotypic variability.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated DNA methylation as a marker of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, with enhancer-like elements playing significant roles. These differences in the nasal methylome may contribute to disease severity, or conversely the nasal immune system may respond to severe infection, through differential immune cell recruitment and immune function, and through differential regulation of the inflammatory response.
Preterm Birth and Stillbirth: Total Bile Acid Levels in Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy and Outcomes of Twin Pregnancies: A Retrospective Cohort Study from 2014 to 2022
Authors: Zhao Yongzhao , Zhang Qianwen , Sheng Yuting , Zhang Man , He Guolin , Liu Xinghui
Published: October 2024

Background
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific liver disorder characterized by maternal pruritus and elevated serum bile acids. Twin pregnancies, as a type of high-risk pregnancy, present additional complexities when complicated by ICP compared to singleton pregnancies. Our study aims to investigate the relationship between bile acid levels in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and stillbirth in twin pregnancies.
Methods
This retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted at the Second Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2014 to July 2022, focusing on twin pregnancies complicated by ICP. Patients were grouped based on peak levels of total bile acids during pregnancy. Differences among these groups in gestational weeks at delivery, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, fetal distress, stillbirth, premature rupture of membranes, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and newborn birth weight were observed as pregnancy outcome indicators.
Results
In 1156 twin pregnancies complicated by ICP, were 430 cases classified as mild, 392 as moderate-low, 292 as moderate-high, and 42 as severe. Regarding pregnancy outcomes, significant differences were observed among the four groups of pregnant women in terms of gestational weeks at delivery (P < 0.001), rate of preterm birth (P < 0.001), newborn birth weight (P < 0.001), incidence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (P < 0.001), and proportion of low birth weight infants (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
The study results indicate that the severity of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, newborn birth weight, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid contamination. Additionally, among different bile acid level groups, gestational weeks at delivery showed varying trends in stillbirth occurrence.
Factors associated with multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) mortality: An analysis from the National Surveillance of Multidrug-Resistant Organism, 2018-2022
Authors: WP Sharifa Ezat , M Norhidayah , AR Muhammad Nur Amir
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Antimicrobial resistance is a global issue, with the World Health Organization identifying it as one of the greatest threats to public health, with an estimated 4.95 million deaths linked to bacterial AMR in 2019. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of mortality among MDRO-infected patients in state hospitals and major specialist hospitals and to identify risk factors that could be associated with mortality outcomes.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study performed at 28 hospitals under the Ministry of Health, Malaysia, involved in the National Surveillance of Multidrug-Resistant Organism, which surveys 6 MDROs.
Result
In terms of mortality, 9.6% (n = 951) of the patients died overall, whereas 90.4% (n = 8931) of the patients survived. Healthcare acquired infection (HCAI) poses a high risk of mortality (adjusted OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 2.15–3.94). The presence of sterile specimens was significantly associated with increased mortality risk (adjusted OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 2.02–2.68). Gram-negative bacteria had a greater mortality risk (adjusted OR 1.63 95% CI: 1.37–1.93), whereas Acinetobacter baumanii had the highest prevalence of 30.7% (3033) among the 6 MDRO organisms isolated. Patients in medical-based departments had a greater mortality risk (aOR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.22–1.75).
Conclusion
HCAIs, gram-negative bacteria, sterile specimens, medical-based departments and state hospitals have been shown to be associated with increased mortality risk in patients with MDRO infections. Improved surveillance and reporting mechanisms are necessary to better understand the burden of MDRO infections and guide research funding allocation.
Noninvasive detection of early nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on three gene methylation analysis in bilateral nasal swab samples processed automatically
Authors: Qin Zi-Han , Chen Si-Yuan , Zhou Shuai , Deng Hua , Li Lan-Xi , Guo Qi-Lun , Zou Xiong , Huang Pei-Yu , Chen Ming-Yuan , Zhang Liang , Hua Yi-Jun
Published: October 2024

Background
Efforts have been made to improve the performance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma screening strategies, including EBV related biomarkers. However, the advances achieved still remain imperfect. DNA methylation occurs early in cancer development and can be used as potential diagnostic biomarker. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of three methylated genes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
Methods
255 nasopharyngeal swabs and 35 plasma samples were collected from patients with newly diagnosed or treated NPC and healthy controls. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was carried out to evaluate the methylation status of three genes (SEPTIN9, RASSF1A, and H4C6) in the swabs and plasma samples. Methylation rates, sensitivity, and specificity of the candidate genes were calculated. Furthermore, the detectability of methylated genes in paired swabs and plasma was compared.
Results
In the nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with newly diagnosed NPC, the detection rate of methylated SEPTIN9, RASSF1A, and H4C6 was 88.2%, 92.9% and 71.8%, while the rate decreased to 54.3%, 42.9% and 45.7% by blood plasma, respectively. The sensitivity of detecting methylated SEPTIN9, RASSF1A, and H4C6 to differentiate between untreated NPC, and treated NPC plus healthy controls was 88%, 93%, and 72%. Methylated RASSF1A showed the best classification accuracy (AUC = 0.956). The detection rate of the target methylated genes was significantly lower in the paired plasma samples.
Conclusion
The detection of RASSF1A methylation through non-invasive nasopharyngeal cavity swab sampling demonstrates significant potential in NPC diagnosis.
Chemical Recycling of PET by catalyzed aminolysis and its application as a hardener for epoxy coating
Authors: Padole Mrunalini M. , Gawali Pawan N. , Sabnis Anagha S.
Published: October 2024

Due to the widespread application of polymers, waste management is becoming elusive and a threat to the polymer industry, both manufacturing and processing. One commonly used polymer is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), considered environmentally harmful due to its substantial presence in waste streams and its resistance to natural degradation. Chemical recycling is the most suitable solution for dealing with this, as polymers are recycled into their starting material and used in various applications. Aminolysis of PET offers an alternative approach that can be conducted under less stringent conditions, yielding valuable chemicals. In this work, we depolymerized PET into an oligomeric product using 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine as an aminolysis agent. The resulting oligomer, containing amine functionality, was investigated for its potential as a curing agent for epoxy resin in coating applications. The aminolyzed product demonstrated enhanced performance, resulting in epoxy coatings with superior thermal stability, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance compared to traditional hardeners. These properties were rigorously tested and validated according to ASTM standards. Additionally, the direct utilization of the product obtained without filtration or separation provides a cost-effective solution. Our findings highlight a promising approach to PET recycling, providing a sustainable solution for waste management and a novel application for high-performance epoxy coatings.