bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Mechanical Properties for Shearing Breakage of Oat Kernel
Authors: Zhao Nan , Fu Nan , Li Dong , Wang Li-jun , Chen Xiao Dong
Published: December 2017

Breaking force, deformation, breaking energy, strength, hardness and rigidity of oat kernel under different loading rates (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10 mm/s) and loading position (ventral and dorsal sides) were determined within a moisture content range of 15.7 %–27.5 % (w.b.) by using a texture analyzer (TA) to investigate mechanical properties for shearing breakage of oat kernel. Complete randomized design was experimented to construct the force–distance curve. In this study, these mechanical properties of oat kernel were expressed as a function of moisture content and loading rate respectively. The result showed that breaking force, energy, strength, hardness and rigidity decreased linearly with the increasing moisture content and increased firstly and decreased then with the increasing loading rate. Deformation had an increasing trend with the increase in moisture content and loading rate. The highest values of breaking force, breaking energy, strength, hardness and rigidity were obtained at 0.08 mm/s loading rate. Moreover the dorsal side of oat kernel had a better shearing capacity compared with ventral side, which reflected in that breaking force, strength and hardness were great significantly at 95 % confident level when dorsal side was loaded.
Lizenz- und Gestattungsproduktion westdeutscher Unternehmen in der ČSSR und der DDR
Authors: Szobi Pavel
Published: December 2017

The article deals with economic relations between the Federal Republic of Germany, German Democratic Republic and Czechoslovakia during the Cold War. Using the example of licensed production, its aim is to illustrate that in spite of ideological boundaries, business relations between West and East flourished in the period of the 1970s and 1980s. The author characterizes institutional conditions for this cooperation, names individual cooperation attempts, and uses the example of the well-known German brand Nivea as a symbol of the West and an example of a successful cooperation. The article reveals the intensive activities of West German companies and their investments in the GDR and Czechoslovakia long before 1989 and shows the potential of analyzing the German-German and the European transformation after 1989 more under the perspective of continuities and discontinuities.
An Efficient Technique for Three-Dimensional Image Visualization Through Two-Dimensional Images for Medical Data
Authors: Gunasekaran Ganesan , Venkatesan Meenakshisundaram
Published: December 2017

The main idea behind this work is to present three-dimensional (3D) image visualization through two-dimensional (2D) images that comprise various images. 3D image visualization is one of the essential methods for excerpting data from given pieces. The main goal of this work is to figure out the outlines of the given 3D geometric primitives in each part, and then integrate these outlines or frames to reconstruct 3D geometric primitives. The proposed technique is very useful and can be applied to many kinds of images. The experimental results showed a very good determination of the reconstructing process of 2D images.
Performance Evaluation of Wavelet-Based Optical Wireless System using On-Off Keying Modulation
Authors: Monga Himanshu , Rani Shilpa , Mehta Pooja
Published: December 2017

The paper investigates the performance of DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) and CWT (Continuous Wavelet Transform) techniques based on On – Off keying modulation (OOK) for reduced BER with increase in SNR in optical wireless system. In this work, the effects of Inter-symbol Interference (ISI) and light interference on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) receiver are analyzed and reported. In proposed optical wireless system the On- Off Keying (OOK) modulation is used at receiver to analyze BER and SNR. It is further concluded that error prospect in the received signal relates to the noise level, which is given in terms of obtained SNR value.
Crystal structure of ethyl (E)-5-((2-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)hydrazono)methyl)-3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate – water – ethanol (1/1/1), C19H27N3O6
Authors: Lv Liangjun , Hao Zhengli , Lin Long , Wang Yuan
Published: December 2017

C19H27N3O6, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.132(7) Å, b = 8.762(7) Å, c = 30.22(3) Å, β = 97.19(2)°, V = 2136(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0579, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1892, T = 296(2) K.
Stability Study of Morphine and Baclofen Solution in Polypropylene Syringes
Authors: Robert Julien , Sorrieul Jérémy , Kieffer Hélène , Folliard Caroline , Gibory Vincent , Dupoiron Denis , Devys Catherine
Published: December 2017

Background

The association of morphine and baclofen is used for the treatment of spasticity related pain. Moving these patients is sometimes difficult. In order to transport these syringes for pump refilling, it could be interesting to demonstrate the stability of the mixture, and so to be able to ensure the best transport conditions of syringes.

Methods

A stability indicating UPLC-DAD method was developed and validated according to the ICH guidelines. Two mixtures of morphine and baclofen – a low concentration mixture (morphine 1 mg/mL – baclofen 0.08 mg/mL) and a high concentration mixture (morphine 10 mg/mL – baclofen 1.6 mg/mL) stored in 5±3 °C and 25±2 °C were evaluated for seven days and compared to the initial observed concentrations.

Results

The stability of the low and high mixture is demonstrated for both storage conditions for seven days thanks to relative concentrations (95 % confidence intervals of the mean of 3 samples) systematically positioned between 95 % and 105 %. No degradation product was observed during the stability study.

Conclusion

This study shows the stability of a weakly concentrated mixture and a highly concentrated mixture of morphine and baclofen. Extrapolation of these data to an intermediate mixture may be considered. Further studies will support this hypothesis. This result will allow the transport of the preparation under optimal conditions. Advance preparations for intrathecal pump refills could also be feasible.
Nordkoreas Raketenprogramm – Bedrohung oder Bluff?
Authors: Schmucker Robert H. , Schiller Markus
Published: December 2017

Kurzfassung:

Die verstärkten nordkoreanische Raketentests halten seit 2014 zusammen mit Kernwaffentests und wüsten Drohungen die Welt in Atem. Doch wie fortgeschritten ist das nordkoreanische Raketenprogramm tatsächlich? Die hier vorgelegte Analyse kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass es in Nordkorea kein nennenswertes eigenständiges Raketenprogramm gibt und dass alle Raketen, die das Land seit einigen Jahren vermehrt abgeschossen hat, offenkundig aus dem Ausland stammen und zwar praktisch ausschließlich aus dem Gebiet der ehemaligen Sowjetunion und aus China. Dieser Befund macht eine grundsätzliche politische Neubewertung der derzeitigen Krise notwendig und zwar sowohl was die reale Bedrohung durch Nordkoreas Raketenwaffen betrifft als auch mit Blick auf die politische Rolle Moskaus und Pekings.
Trumps Staatsdemontage. Hinter vermeintlichem Chaos betreibt die US-Regierung einen strategischen Umbau des Staates
Authors: Braml Josef
Published: December 2017

Kurzfassung:

US-Präsident Trumps Handeln wirkt auf viele Beobachter impulsiv und erratisch. Dennoch zeigt es in seiner vermeintlichen Inkohärenz eine klare Linie und ein klares Ziel: Es geht darum, die Rolle des Staates in den USA radikal zu beschneiden. Der Artikel zeichnet die wesentlichen Stationen der Versuche der Trump-Administration nach, auf Bundesebene zu einer deutlichen Verringerung der Staatstätigkeit und zum Abbau von Regulierung zu schreiten und zudem die Steuern zu senken. Die Folgen werden tiefgehend sein. Sie werden zu einer abnehmenden Handlungsfähigkeit des Bundesstaates führen und dessen Verschuldung weiter anheben. Zudem sind nachhaltige Folgen für die internationalen Finanzbeziehungen und den internationalen Handel zu befürchten.
Schnelle Lufttemperaturfühler zur Anwendung in der Präzisionsmesstechnik und Maschinenkalibrierung
Authors: Schüler Ralf , Mammen Helge , Mengs Enrico , Schalles Marc , Fröhlich Thomas
Published: December 2017

Um die Genauigkeit und Dynamik der Lufttemperaturmessung speziell für Anwendungen in der Interferometrie und
Maschinenkalibrierung zu verbessern, wurde ein neuer hochdynamischer Temperaturfühler in zwei Varianten entwickelt. Der
neue Sensor basiert auf einem drahtgewickelten Pt100-Sensor, der keine Richtungsabhängigkeit in den
dynamischen Eigenschaften aufweist und in einem feuchten Medium kalibriert werden kann. Es gibt zwei Varianten: einen
hochdynamischen Sensor und einen robusteren Sensor mit nur wenig schlechteren dynamischen Eigenschaften. Um die
Genauigkeit zu steigern, wurde der Sensor mit einer integrierten Messelektronik ausgestattet, die eine Kalibrierung der
ganzen Messkette in einem Zug erlaubt. Eine Klimamessstation für 15 drahtgebundene und 15 Funkfühler ist
verfügbar. Die folgenden Parameter wurden erreicht: t
63 = 4.3 s, Messintervall ≥ 0.9 s,
Auf”-lösung: 0.1 mK (drahtgebunden), 1 mK (drahtlos), Genauigkeit: typisch ±50 mK
(abhängig von der Kalibrierung). Weitere Anwendungsgebiete sind z. B. die Überwachung und Qualifizierung von Messräumen,
Klimakammern und Messaufbauten.
A Computational Account of Optimizing Social Predictions Reveals That Adolescents Are Conservative Learners in Social Contexts
Authors: Rosenblau Gabriela , Korn Christoph W. , Pelphrey Kevin A.
Published: December 2017

As adolescents transition to the complex world of adults, optimizing predictions about others' preferences becomes vital for successful social interactions. Mounting evidence suggests that these social learning processes are affected by ongoing brain development across adolescence. A mechanistic understanding of how adolescents optimize social predictions and how these learning strategies are implemented in the brain is lacking. To fill this gap, we combined computational modeling with functional neuroimaging. In a novel social learning task, male and female human adolescents and adults predicted the preferences of peers and could update their predictions based on trial-by-trial feedback about the peers' actual preferences. Participants also rated their own preferences for the task items and similar additional items. To describe how participants optimize their inferences over time, we pitted simple reinforcement learning models against more specific “combination” models, which describe inferences based on a combination of reinforcement learning from past feedback and participants' own preferences. Formal model comparison revealed that, of the tested models, combination models best described how adults and adolescents update predictions of others. Parameter estimates of the best-fitting model differed between age groups, with adolescents showing more conservative updating. This developmental difference was accompanied by a shift in encoding predictions and the errors thereof within the medial prefrontal and fusiform cortices. In the adolescent group, encoding of own preferences and prediction errors scaled with parent-reported social traits, which provides additional external validity for our learning task and the winning computational model. Our findings thus help to specify adolescent-specific social learning processes.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAdolescence is a unique developmental period of heightened awareness about other people. Here we probe the suitability of various computational models to describe how adolescents update their predictions of others' preferences. Within the tested model space, predictions of adults and adolescents are best described by the same learning model, but adolescents show more conservative updating. Compared with adults, brain activity of adolescents is modulated less by predictions themselves and more by prediction errors per se, and this relationship scales with adolescents' social traits. Our findings help specify social learning across adolescence and generate hypotheses about social dysfunctions in psychiatric populations.
Prismatic Adaptation Modulates Oscillatory EEG Correlates of Motor Preparation but Not Visual Attention in Healthy Participants
Authors: Bracco Martina , Veniero Domenica , Oliveri Massimiliano , Thut Gregor
Published: December 2017

Prismatic adaption (PA) has been proposed as a tool to induce neural plasticity and is used to help neglect rehabilitation. It leads to a recalibration of visuomotor coordination during pointing as well as to aftereffects on a number of sensorimotor and attention tasks, but whether these effects originate at a motor or attentional level remains a matter of debate. Our aim was to further characterize PA aftereffects by using an approach that allows distinguishing between effects on attentional and motor processes. We recorded EEG in healthy human participants (9 females and 7 males) while performing a new double step, anticipatory attention/motor preparation paradigm before and after adaptation to rightward-shifting prisms, with neutral lenses as a control. We then examined PA aftereffects through changes in known oscillatory EEG signatures of spatial attention orienting and motor preparation in the alpha and beta frequency bands. Our results were twofold. First, we found PA to rightward-shifting prisms to selectively affect EEG signatures of motor but not attentional processes. More specifically, PA modulated preparatory motor EEG activity over central electrodes in the right hemisphere, contralateral to the PA-induced, compensatory leftward shift in pointing movements. No effects were found on EEG signatures of spatial attention orienting over occipitoparietal sites. Second, we found the PA effect on preparatory motor EEG activity to dominate in the beta frequency band. We conclude that changes to intentional visuomotor, rather than attentional visuospatial, processes underlie the PA aftereffect of rightward-deviating prisms in healthy participants.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPrismatic adaptation (PA) has been proposed as a tool to induce neural plasticity in both healthy participants and patients, due to its aftereffect impacting on a number of visuospatial and visuomotor functions. However, the neural mechanisms underlying PA aftereffects are poorly understood as only little neuroimaging evidence is available. Here, we examined, for the first time, the origin of PA aftereffects studying oscillatory brain activity. Our results show a selective modulation of preparatory motor activity following PA in healthy participants but no effect on attention-related activity. This provides novel insight into the PA aftereffect in the healthy brain and may help to inform interventions in neglect patients.
How Dialogical Are We Really? Insights Gleaned from Un-Dialogical Moments
Authors: Kang Dongjing , Sodeke Chigozirim Utah
Published: December 2017

This essay emphasizes the writing of dialogical research as a crucial step in the dialogical research process. Dialogical research accounts should not suppress the ongoing struggles that accompany a genuine desire to engage dialogically in research contexts. Thus, we advocate and model evocative retellings of these struggles. Questioning our own fieldwork based on the work of Martin Buber and Mikhail Bakhtin, we highlight principles of dialogue that also serve as guidelines for dialogical research reporting: unfinalizability, engaging paradoxes, and creative (critical) transformation.
Genetic testing for indeterminate thyroid cytology: review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vargas-Salas Sergio , Martínez José R , Urra Soledad , Domínguez José Miguel , Mena Natalia , Uslar Thomas , Lagos Marcela , Henríquez Marcela , González Hernán E
Published: December 2017

Thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine malignancy, and its incidence is increasing. A current limitation of cytological evaluation of thyroid nodules is that 20–25% are reported as indeterminate. Therefore, an important challenge for clinicians is to determine whether an indeterminate nodule is malignant, and should undergo surgery, or benign, and should be recommended to follow-up. The emergence of precision medicine has offered a valuable solution for this problem, with four tests currently available for the molecular diagnosis of indeterminate cytologies. However, efforts to critically analyze the quality of the accumulated evidence are scarce. This systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed to contribute to a better knowledge about the four available molecular tests, their technical characteristics, clinical performance, and ultimately to help clinicians to make better decisions to provide the best care options possible. For this purpose, we address three critical topics: (i) the proper theoretical accuracy, considering the intended clinical use of the test (rule-in vs rule-out) and the impact on clinical decisions; (ii) the quality of the evidence reported for each test (iii) and how accurate and effective have the tests proved to be after their clinical use. Together with the upcoming evidence, this work provides significant and useful information for healthcare system decision-makers to consider the use of molecular testing as a public health need, avoiding unnecessary surgical risks and costs.
Detection of Epistasis for Flowering Time Using Bayesian Multilocus Estimation in a Barley MAGIC Population
Authors: Mathew Boby , Léon Jens , Sannemann Wiebke , Sillanpää Mikko J
Published: December 2017

Flowering time is a well-known complex trait in crops and is influenced by many interacting genes. In this study, Mathew et al. identify two-way and....

Gene-by-gene interactions, also known as epistasis, regulate many complex traits in different species. With the availability of low-cost genotyping it is now possible to study epistasis on a genome-wide scale. However, identifying genome-wide epistasis is a high-dimensional multiple regression problem and needs the application of dimensionality reduction techniques. Flowering Time (FT) in crops is a complex trait that is known to be influenced by many interacting genes and pathways in various crops. In this study, we successfully apply Sure Independence Screening (SIS) for dimensionality reduction to identify two-way and three-way epistasis for the FT trait in a Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) barley population using the Bayesian multilocus model. The MAGIC barley population was generated from intercrossing among eight parental lines and thus, offered greater genetic diversity to detect higher-order epistatic interactions. Our results suggest that SIS is an efficient dimensionality reduction approach to detect high-order interactions in a Bayesian multilocus model. We also observe that many of our findings (genomic regions with main or higher-order epistatic effects) overlap with known candidate genes that have been already reported in barley and closely related species for the FT trait.
Vitality of The Cities
Authors: Sena Işiklar
Published: December 2017

The physical formation of city, where all members of society live, is created by non-living and tangible elements such as buildings, roads, public squares, and vegetation. On the other hand, city acquires meaning by the existence of citizens, who reinvigorate it, their behaviours within the city and the interactions between them as well as with the city. The more the citizens are actively present in the streets, the more the city is a vivid and living place. There are many studies on vitality and liveability in urban spaces. In this study, urban vitality is defined according to the information gathered from previous researches. By scrutinizing the definitions of vitality made by Lynch and Jacobs, who are leading figures in the subject of research, social interaction, sense of belongingness, and security, inclusion of different functions, transformability, aesthetics and accessibility were identified as criteria determining the urban vitality. As a result of the study, it is asserted that the cities which bear these qualifications are liveable and vivid places which can maintain their existence.
The Application of Process Mapping to Create Improvements in Production Logistics at the Example of the Shipbuilding Industry Plant
Authors: Krzysztof Nadolny  , Piotr Czerwik 
Published: December 2017

The hereby article presents an example of application of the process mapping method in analysis of barge production logistics. The method was described briefly and the logistics of production of a barge produced in the shipyard industry were characterized. Three possible modernizations were suggested on basis of the prepared production process map that consist in technological, organizational improvements and an option that combines both of these solutions. AnyLogic program was used for comparative analysis of the suggested options in relation to the process in the base option. This is particularly important for proper drafting of the process computer models in applications for their modeling and simulation.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER PROPERTIES OF SOLVENT PARTITIONED EXTRACTS OF Phyla nodiflora L.
Authors: Liau Monica , Eng Cheong Bo , Lin Teoh Peik
Published: December 2017

We previously found that the crude extracts of Phyla nodiflora L. are capable to inhibit cancer cells. In this study, we reassessed their anticancer properties after solvent partition extraction of the methanolic extracts. We also determined their total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Water, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts showed higher TPC and TFC than chloroform or hexane extracts. Most of stem extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity than the leaf extracts except for leaf methanolic extracts. Six of the extracts showed 50% growth inhibition at the concentration of 36-80 µg/ml. Both stem and leaf ethyl acetate extracts showed profound inhibition. They also caused DNA fragmentation in MCF-7 cells, indicating the occurrence of apoptosis. Our findings demonstrated that liquid-liquid partition has successfully separated methanolic extracts into several fractions with antioxidant and anticancer properties. This will facilitate the future investigation in identifying bioactive compounds for chemotherapeutic intervention.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF LEUCONOSTOC LACTIS STRAIN BT17, ISOLATED FROM A SPONTANEOUSLY FERMENTED CEREAL BEVERAGE (BOZA)
Authors: Cholakov Remzi , Tumbarski Yulian , Yanakieva Velichka , Dobrev Iliyan , Salim Yozkan , Denkova Zapryana
Published: December 2017

The antimicrobial activity of Leuconostoc lactis BT17, isolated from a spontaneously fermented cereal beverage (boza) against some test microorganisms (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella sp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae) was determined by co-culturing of the strain Leuconostoc lactis BT17 with each of the test microorganisms under static conditions. It was found that the strain Leuconostoc lactis BT17 inhibited the growth of the test microorganisms and no viable cells of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected at the 48-th hour of the co-culturing. The reduction of the number of viable cells in the mixed populations was a result of the produced lactic acid by Leuconostoc lactis BT17 in the culture medium, which modify the conditions unlikely to growth of the test microorganisms.
EFFECT OF STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD ON MICROBIAL GROWTH KINETICS AND PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NONO (FERMENTED MILK DRINK)
Authors: Vincent Balogu Tochukwu , Rita Attansey Chiamaka
Published: December 2017

This study assessed the effect of 0.5T static magnetic field (SMF) on microbial growth kinetics and physiochemical properties of Nono drinks stored at uncertain condition for six days. Magnetatic bacterial were predominated by Lactobacillus casei (40%), Corynebacterium sp(50%), and Staphylococcus sp (10%); while fungi were Penicillum sp(30%), Mucorsp(20%) and Aspergillus sp(50%). SMF significantly (P
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Very Preterm/Very Low Birth Weight: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Franz Adelar Pedro , Bolat Gul Unsel , Bolat Hilmi , Matijasevich Alicia , Santos Iná Silva , Silveira Rita C. , Procianoy Renato Soibelmann , Rohde Luis Augusto , Moreira-Maia Carlos Renato
Published: December 2017

CONTEXT:

Although very preterm (VP), extremely preterm (EP), very low birth weight (VLBW), and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) newborns seem to have a higher risk of later attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the magnitude of the risk is not well-defined.

OBJECTIVE:

To systematically review and meta-analyze the risk of VP/VLBW and EP/ELBW individuals to develop a ADHD categorical diagnosis or dimensional symptomatology compared with controls with normal weight and/or birth age.

DATA SOURCES:

We used PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases.

STUDY SELECTION:

We selected cross-sectional, prospective, or retrospective studies with no time or language restriction.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Independent reviewers screened and extracted data using predefined standard procedures.

RESULTS:

In 12 studies (N = 1787), researchers relying on a categorical diagnosis showed that both VP/VLBW and EP/ELBW subjects have a higher ADHD risk (odds ratio [OR] = 3.04 higher than controls; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.19 to 4.21). In subgroup analyses, we demonstrated that the more extreme the cases, the higher the ORs (VP/VLBW: OR = 2.25 [95% CI 1.56 to 3.26]; EP/ELBW: OR = 4.05 [95% CI 2.38 to 6.87]). We drew data from 29 studies (N = 3504) on ADHD symptomatology and found significant associations with inattention (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.31, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.96), hyperactivity and impulsivity (SMD = 0.74, 95% CI 0.35 to 1.13), and combined symptoms (SMD = 0.55, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.68) when compared with controls.

LIMITATIONS:

Heterogeneity was significantly high for all analyses involving the 3 ADHD dimensions.

CONCLUSIONS:

With our results, we provide evidence that VP/VLBW subjects have an increased risk of ADHD diagnosis and symptomatology compared with controls, and these findings are even stronger in the EP/ELBW group. Future researchers should address which risk factors related to prematurity or low birth weight lead to ADHD.
Dilemmas in the Dosing of Heart Failure Drugs: Titrating Diuretics in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Pham David ,   Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA, Grodin Justin L ,   Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
Published: December 2017

Despite advances in medical therapy over the past few decades, the incidence of heart failure hospitalisation continues to rise. Diuretics are the most common therapy used to treat heart failure as they relieve congestion. However, there is a lack of guidance on how to best use these medications. Guidelines support the use of diuretics at the lowest clinically effective dose but do not specify a diuretic strategy beyond that. Here we review the diuretics available for treatment, potential mechanisms of diuretic resistance and ways to address this in the ambulatory setting, and review tools that have been developed to help guide diuretic use in the treatment of chronic heart failure.
High prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among children in Szolnok, Hungary
Authors: Laub Krisztina , Tóthpál Adrienn , Kovács Eszter , Sahin-Tóth Judit , Horváth Andrea , Kardos Szilvia , Dobay Orsolya
Published: December 2017

We collected nasal samples from 1,390 healthy 3–7 years old children in Szolnok city, Hungary, in 2012. We detected 476 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 474 children. In two occasions, two different S. aureus were isolated, based on hemolysis type and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern. S. aureus carriage rate was calculated to be 34.1% similar to others studies. Male gender was found to be a risk factor for carriage by statistical analysis. Altogether, four methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains were detected by mecA polymerase chain reaction, which means 0.8% community-acquired MRSA prevalence among the S. aureus isolates. All MRSA strains harbored the SCCmec type IV cassette (typical for CA-MRSA) and belonged to ST45 by multilocus sequence typing. During antibiotic susceptibility testing, we measured the following resistance rates: 0.0% for mupirocin, 0.2% for ciprofloxacin, 0.6% for gentamicin and oxacillin, 3.4% for tetracycline, 9.5% for clindamycin, 10.3% for erythromycin, and 91.4% for penicillin, which are generally lower compared with Hungarian clinical isolates.
Az akut vestibularis szindróma sürgősségi diagnosztikájával szerzett tapasztalatok
Authors: Tamás T. László , Garai Tibor , Király István , Mike Andrea , Nagy Csaba , Paukovics Ágnes , Schmidt Péter , Szatmári Ferenc , Tompos Tamás , Vadvári Árpád , Szirmai Ágnes
Published: December 2017

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: To diagnose acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) in a prospective study by a new bedside test (providing 1A evidence) based on oculomotor analysis and assessment of hearing loss. To assess the frequency of central and peripheral causes of acute vestibular syndrome in the emergency room. To establish the diagnostic accuracy of acute cranial computed tomography as compared to oculomotor analysis done by video oculography goggles and audiometry. Method: Between 1st March 2016 and 1st March 2017 we documented 125 patients (62 women, 63 men, average age 53 years) in the emergency room of the Petz Aladár County Teaching Hospital using the above bedside and instrumental testing. Diagnosis was verified by cranial magnetic resonance imaging. Results: According to the results of the instrumental examination in AVS in 67% we found a peripheral cause and in 33% a central pathology. In 62% isolated posterior circulation stroke manifested itself by isolated vertigo without additional focal signs and the acute cranial computed tomography showed negative results in 96%. The instrumental examination increased diagnostic accuracy by making the diagnosis of isolated inferior semicircular canal vestibular neuritis possible. Conclusions: The new bedside oculomotor test is suitable for the diagnosis of posterior circulation stroke manifesting with isolated vertigo in early cases, when the routine neuroradiologic methods have a lower sensitivity or are not available. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(51): 2029–2040.
Refleksja pastoralnoteologiczna nad dokumentem Stolicy Apostolskiej „Przyjęcie Chrystusa w uchodźcach i przymusowo przesiedlonych”
Authors: Ostrowski Maciej
Published: December 2017

Autor analizuje i komentuje mało znany dokument wydany przez Stolicę Apostolska. Skupia się na teologicznych wątkach zawartych w dokumencie, pomijając inne kwestie w nim zawarte. Zwraca uwagę na konieczność odróżnienia migrantów przymusowo wysiedlonych i uchodźców od innych kategorii, np. migrantów ekonomicznych. Wskazuje na teksty biblijne i te elementy społecznej nauki Kościoła, na które powołują się redaktorzy dokumentu, wzywając do przyjmowania i otoczenia troską uchodźców oraz przymusowo przesiedlonych. Wśród nich na pierwsze miejsce wysuwa się nauczanie o godności każdej ludzkiej osoby, o jedności całej ludzkiej rodziny, o naśladowaniu miłości Boga do każdego człowieka, o chrześcijańskiej gościnności. Najistotniejszym ewangelicznym motywem przyjmowania obcych jest rozpoznanie w nich osoby samego Chrystusa. Motywy te znajdują zatem najgłębsze uzasadnienie w wierze i są jej praktyczną weryfikacją. W komentarzach do fragmentów dokumentu autor odnosi się do charakterystycznych współczesnych sytuacji związanych z przyjmowaniem migrantów, odczytując je w teologicznym świetle, a w konkluzji formułuje kilka pastoralnych wskazań dla Kościoła.
Religijny portret młodego uczestnika Światowych Dni Młodzieży 2016
Authors: Panuś Tadeusz
Published: December 2017

W związku z faktem, iż o religijnym obliczu Kościoła w najbliższych dziesiątkach lat decydować będzie obecne pokolenie młodzieży, warto zadać pytanie: jaka jest kondycja religijno­‑moralna współczesnej młodzieży? Znakomitą okazję do przyglądnięcia się tej kondycji stworzyły Światowe Dni Młodzieży, jakie odbyły się pod koniec lipca 2016 roku w Krakowie. Poniższy artykuł, Bazując na badaniach Etapy socjalizacji religijnej i elementy postaw religijnych uczestników Światowych Dni Młodzieży w 2016 roku, które przeprowadził Instytut Statystyki Kościoła Katolickiego w Polsce wśród uczestników Światowych Dni Młodzieży, w artykule podjęto próbę nakreślenia religijnego portretu młodego katolika początku XXI wieku.W artykule tym ukazano genezę, cele, historię Światowych Dni Młodzieży w świecie i w Polsce. Zaprezentowano metodologię badań przeprowadzonych wśród uczestników Światowych Dni Młodzieży latem 2016 roku. Następnie omówiono elementy postaw religijnych, a więc wiarę, utożsamianie się młodych z Kościołem, ukazano praktyki religijne młodzieży, przytoczono opinie młodzieży na tematy moralności, świadomość przynależności młodzieży do parafii i do ruchów religijnych, w końcu zaś stosunek do instytucjonalnego Kościoła. Podsumowując, należy stwierdzić, że dla życia wiarą, dla świadomego wyznawania jej ważną rolę pełni doświadczenie przynależenia i wspólnoty.
L’Église catholique face aux États et la liberté religieuse
Authors: Pottier Bernard
Published: December 2017

Les rapports du pouvoir spirituel de l’Église et du pouvoir temporel des Princes et des États furent toujours tendus. Notre article distingue six étapes dans l’histoire de ces rapports, que nous schématisons à l’aide de six graphiques. En 494, une lettre du pape Gélase Ier exprime un bel équilibre, tandis qu’une bulle de Boniface VIII en 1302 affirme l’autorité romaine dans toute sa splendeur. Bellarmin tente un nouvel équilibre en 1590. Tout bascule avec la Révolution française qui supprimait la référence commune à Dieu. Le Concordat français de 1801 inclut un article sans précédent dans l’histoire, puisque le pape demande à tous les évêques français en poste de démissionner. C’est Léon XIII qui renouvellera la formule gélasienne des deux pouvoirs en jetant les bases de la doctrine des ‘deux sociétés parfaites’, l’Église et l’État. Les accords du Latran, conclus entre Pie XI et Mussolini en 1929, constituent l’un des sommets de toute l’histoire concordataire, en créant l’État de la Cité du Vatican. Le concile Vatican II avec sa Déclaration Dignitatis humanae sur la liberté religieuse (1965) opéra un changement radical et le renversement pacifique des régimes communistes en Europe centrale et orientale dans les années 1989–1990 provoqua une révolution copernicienne dans le droit des religions jusque là en vigueur dans ces pays. Depuis les années 1960, on observe que les Concordats, bien plus nombreux qu’auparavant, sont conclus dans un climat de plus grande sérénité.
Zadania kobiety w rodzinie chrześcijańskiej według św. Jana Chryzostoma
Authors: Dera Marcin
Published: December 2017

Artykuł przedstawia stanowisko jednego z najwybitniejszych homiletów starożytności chrześcijańskiej w temacie roli kobiety w małżeństwie i rodzinie. W opracowaniu ukazano poglądy Chryzostoma, które wyróżniały go na tle innych ojców Kościoła. W pierwszej części przedstawiono kontekst kulturowy nauczania biskupa Konstantynopola. Ukazano postrzeganie roli kobiety w kulturze antycznej grecko­‑rzymskiej, w judaizmie oraz w nauczaniu św. Pawła z Tarsu. W drugiej części artykułu przedstawiono poglądy Chryzostoma na temat kobiety jako żony i matki. W trzeciej części opracowania ukazano relacje między kobietą i mężczyzną. Celem artykułu było ukazanie wyjątkowości nauczania św. Jana Chryzostoma na temat roli kobiety w rodzinie chrześcijańskiej. Ta wyjątkowość przejawiała się w docenianiu wartości żony i matki jako współodpowiedzialnej za wychowanie dzieci i mającej swój aktywny udział w kształtowaniu chrześcijańskiego charakteru rodziny.
Śpiewy podczas mszy świętej z udziałem dzieci
Authors: Kałamarz Wojciech
Published: December 2017

Pieśń podczas mszy świętej jest integralną częścią liturgii. Nie może być traktowana jedynie jako upiększenie, oprawa, dobierany według własnego uznania dodatek. W liturgii nie ma miejsca na piosenki religijne. W doborze pieśni nie należy kierować się jednostkowymi gustami uczestników liturgii, tak księży, jak i np. animatorów. Pieśni bowiem liturgiczne są pełnoprawnymi i uregulowanymi przez Kościół sposobami oddawania czci Bogu i uświęcenia wiernych. Dotyczy to także pieśni dla dzieci. W ich doborze winniśmy się kierować zatwierdzonymi przez biskupa diecezjalnego śpiewnikami, możliwościami muzycznymi i intelektualnymi najmłodszych, ale także celami wychowawczymi, formującymi dzieci do dojrzałego uczestnictwa w liturgii wraz z całą wspólnotą Kościoła. Liturgii nie należy infantylizować czy też trywializować, a przez włączanie piosenek – profanować. Liturgia ma swoją godność, świętość, którą należy uszanować także poprzez korzystanie z godnego repertuaru.
Axial strength and deformability of concrete confined with natural fibre-reinforced polymers
Authors: Pimanmas Amorn , Hussain Qudeer , Panyasirikhunawut Atipphat , Rattanapitikon Winyu
Published: December 2017

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the compressive behaviour of concrete confined by natural fibre-reinforced polymer (NFRP) jackets which are formed by embedding sisal fibres in an epoxy resin matrix. The sisal fibres are one of the cost-effective materials for use in seismic strengthening applications where a moderate increase in strength and ductility is required. This study has two main objectives: the first is to investigate the effectiveness of NFRP composites in increasing the strength and deformability of confined concrete. For the second objective, the performance of existing strength models developed for conventional synthetic fibre-reinforced polymers is assessed. For this, 36 concrete specimens were tested under uni-axial compression. The study parameters covered the NFRP thickness, concrete strength and cross-sectional shape. Test results indicated that the NFRP confinement is significantly effective in increasing the strength and deformability of confined concrete. Furthermore, it is found that none of the existing considered models is capable of accurately predicting the ultimate strength and strain of NFRP-confined concrete. Finally, new strength models are proposed to predict the compressive strength of circular and square sections. The strengths predicted by the proposed models are found to have a good agreement with experimental results.
Design for manufacture and assembly: its benefits and risks in the UK water industry
Authors: Trinder Lyndon
Published: December 2017

A study was undertaken to investigate the impacts of design for manufacture and assembly (DFMA) on one of the UK’s largest water companies. The study collected data on historic and new building projects that, in some part, used DFMA principles. This was supplemented by qualitative data from interviews conducted with senior engineers and managers from across the company and its direct tier 1 supply chain. The study shows DFMA to be poorly defined within the UK water industry, and a new definition is presented here. This is supplemented with a scoring tool that enables users to state clearly what they want with regard to DFMA and provides a means of assessing its potential during project tenders. The data support the perception that it can deliver cost, time and quality improvements and show that early DFMA-focused management is essential in delivering these improvements. However, the study also reveals that DFMA carries risks common to the application of new technologies, so risk management tools need to recognise the additional risks associated with it. A method for reviewing specific operational risks typical to the water industry against product uncertainty is presented here.
Analysing water use efficiency and productivity in Iran's metropolises
Authors: Habibi Rad Mahyar , Sarkheil Hamid , Khojastehpour Roshanak
Published: December 2017

Based on data envelopment analysis, water efficiency and productivity were measured with the aim of reducing water use in metropolises. Alternative measures of efficiency were evaluated and the productivity was decomposed into several components. The correlation between regional economic indices and water quantities was also analysed. For the case of water use in metropolitan Tehran, an average efficiency of 94% was measured and progress in total productivity was calculated to be 14%. The efficiency scores of other metropolises in Iran were calculated to be about 30–50% less than that of Tehran. Reasonable estimates for the threshold of water use in Tehran were obtained. This paper also presents the issues of the plans for improving water efficiency and productivity and increasing water availability for users. This work identified the significant effects of regional economic indices on water efficiency and productivity calculations in metropolises of Iran.
Preferencias conyugales en Tulumba (Córdoba). Comienzos de los siglos XIX y XX
Authors: Küffer Claudio Franciso , Colantonio Sonia Edith
Published: December 2017

Tulumba es una región del noroeste cordobés poco abordada desde la Biodemografía. Un estudio previo señala variaciones en preferencias conyugales entre parientes y entre linajes comparándose fines del siglo XVIII y comienzos del XIX. En este trabajo se propuso continuar ese análisis diacrónico. Las fuentes utilizadas fueron: para comienzos del siglo XIX (1806-1815) registros parroquiales de bautismos del curato de Tulumba, separados en “españoles” y “castas”; para la primera década del siglo XX (1901-1910) actas de nacimientos del Registro Civil y Capacidad de las Personas de Villa Tulumba. Se observó, mediante isonimia, una preferencia por el casamiento entre parientes notoriamente mayor en el siglo XX y, entre grupos del XIX, la mayor en españoles. Por su parte, en todos los casos se encontró una frecuencia de casamientos entre linajes familiares mucho más elevada que la esperada, con alta o muy alta significación estadística, repitiéndose mayor preferencia en el siglo XX y, dentro del XIX, en españoles que en castas. Se interpretaron estos resultados como consecuencia, en parte, de una estrategia patrimonial debida a las decrecientes oportunidades que brindaba la región en el siglo pasado respectodel XIX, sin descartar el posible efecto de preferencias conyugales por origen geográfico. En la convulsa época de comienzos del siglo XIX, la más notoria preferencia de los españoles por casar con parientes o entre determinados linajes podría reflejar una forma de protección ante la inminencia de las luchas independentistas y guerras civiles.
Análisis de la variabilidad del crecimiento infantil en diversos ambientes de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, argentina
Authors: Luis Maria Antonia , Quintero Fabián Aníbal , Torres María Fernanda , Castro Luis Edurado , Cesani María Florencia , Bergel María Laura , Garraza Mariela , Navazo Bárbara , Oyhenart Evelia Edith
Published: December 2017

A fin de indagar la incidencia de los cambios acaecidos en los ámbitos urbano y rural, el objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar y comparar la expresión del crecimiento infanto-juvenil en los partidos bonaerenses de La Plata, Brandsen, Magdalena y Punta Indio. Se realizó un estudio antropométrico transversal en 7875 niños/as de 4,0-12,9 años de edad. Fueron relevados peso corporal, estaturas total y sentado, pliegues subcutáneos tricipital y subescapular y se calculó el Índice de Masa Corporal. La información socio-ambiental de residencia fue obtenida mediante una encuesta autoadministrada. Para estimar diferencias entre partidos fueron calculadas frecuencias y comparadas mediante pruebas de Chi2 y Tukey. Los datos antropométricos fueron analizados aplicando modelo lineal, considerando edad, sexo y localidad y sus interacciones. Los resultados indicaron que los niños de Punta Indio presentaron mayor tamaño corporal y ponderal junto con mayor reserva adiposa subcutánea, al tiempo que mayor porcentaje de padres y madres contaban con trabajo formal y niveles educativos más altos. Se concluye que, Brandsen, Punta Indio y Magdalena, circundantes al área metropolitana de La Plata, presentan sensibles diferencias socio-ambientales, aunque compartan semejanzas en el paisaje y tradición agropecuaria. Esa heterogeneidad se vería reflejada en la variabilidad del crecimiento de la población infantil.
Relación entre tratamiento hormonal, cirugía-ortodoncia maxilofacial, traumatismos y malformaciones craneofaciales y la asimetría fluctuante
Authors: Quinto Sánchez Mirsha Emmanuel , Cintas Celia , Ramallo Virginia , Silva de Cerqueira Caio Cesar , Gomez-Valdés Jorge , Acuña-Alonzo Victor , Adhikari Kaustubh , Everardo Paola , De Avila Francisco , Jaramillo Carla , Arias Williams , Fuentes Macarena , Hünemeier Tábita , Gallo Carla , Poletti Giovani , Rosique Javier , Schuler-Faccini Lavinia , Bortolini Maria Catira , Canizales-Quinteros Samuel , Rothhammer Francisco , Bedoya Gabriel , Ruiz-Linares Andres , Gonzalez-José Rolando
Published: December 2017

En este trabajo se evalúa la relación entre la asimetría fluctuante facial (AFF) y los tratamientos hormonales, cirugías maxilofaciales, ortodoncia, traumatismos y malformaciones. En el marco del proyecto CANDELA, se tomaron cinco fotografías faciales de 3162 voluntarios entre los 18 y 85 años. Por fotogrametría se colocaron 34 landmarks o puntos en 3D y mediante el método Procrustes ANOVA se obtuvieron valores individuales de asimetría fluctuante facial. Se realizó una prueba de ANOVA de una vía y la prueba de Welch y Levene para conocer las diferencias entre media y varianza de los valores de asimetría facial y las variables respuesta. También, se caracterizó la variación morfológica del componente asimétrico de la forma facial mediante técnicas multivariadas sobre los grupos que resultaran diferentes significativamente. Las mujeres que reportaron haber recibido algún tipo de tratamiento hormonal mostraron mayores valores de asimetría fluctuante facial respecto al grupo sin tratamiento. Esta asociación se mantuvo una vez removido el efecto de la ancestría genética y sin interactuar con el resto de variables incluidas en el análisis. Los cambios morfológicos asociados a este factor se concentran en el mentón, maxilar labio inferior, región perifrontal, región nasal y orejas. Algunos trabajos anteriores dieron cuenta de la posible relación entre la asimetría facial y los niveles de hormonas, pero no hay estudios que sustenten la relación causal o directa entre la asociación aquí planteada. El presente trabajo es una evidencia más de la asociación entre el consumo de hormonas y modificaciones de caracteres faciales en para poblaciones urbanas mestizas latinoamericanas.
MÉTODOS DE IMAGEM EMPREGADOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO DAS ALTERAÇÕES DA ARTICULAÇÃO TEMPOROMANDIBULAR: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Pereira Ana Aparecida De Almeida , Moura Jamille Rios , Da Silva Neyldes Moreira
Published: December 2017

Introdução: Diante da sua complexidade anatômica, a articulação temporomandibular (ATM) é uma das regiões corpóreas que oferece maior dificuldade à obtenção de imagens convencionais. Nesse contexto, se faz necessária a utilização de exames imaginológicos que possuam uma maior eficácia para contribuir na obtenção do diagnóstico de alterações dessa articulação. Objetivo: o presente artigo tem por objetivo estudar a eficácia dos exames imaginológicos empregados no diagnóstico das alterações e/ou lesões da articulação temporomandibular (ATM). Material e métodos: trata-se de uma revisão da literatura, na qual foram selecionados dez artigos. As bases de dados PubMed e Scielo foram consultadas. Utilizaram-se os seguintes descritores: articulação temporomandibular, tomografia, imagem por ressonância magnética, diagnóstico por imagem e tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. Resultados: A radiografia panorâmica foi considerada um método de imagem contra indicado para o diagnóstico de alterações na ATM, devido às distorções das imagens. A ressonância magnética foi reconhecida como padrão ouro para avaliar alterações nos tecidos moles da ATM. Para avaliar alterações ósseas da ATM, a tomografia computadorizada do tipo cone beam foi considerada ideal. Conclusão: cada método de imagem possui indicação específica para o diagnóstico de alterações na ATM. Contudo, ao conciliar as imagens de ressonância magnética e tomografia computadorizada cone beam, ambas proporcionam um diagnóstico complementar de todas as estruturas que compõem essa articulação.