bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demand Response Strategy Based on the Multi-Agent System and Multiple-Load Participation
Authors: Zeng Pingliang , Xu Jin , Zhu Minchen
Published: January 2024

In order to improve the utilization of user-side power resources in the distribution network and promote energy conservation, this paper designs a distributed system suitable for power demand response (DR), considering multi-agent system (MAS) technology and consistency algorithms. Due to the frequent changes in the power system structure caused by changes in the load of a large number of users, this paper proposes using cluster partitioning indicators as communication weights between agents, enabling agents to utilize the distribution network for collaborative optimization. In order to achieve the integration of multiple load-side power resources and improve the refinement level of demand-side management (DSM), two types of agents with load aggregator (LA) functions are provided, which adopt the demand response strategies of Time-of-Use (TOU) or Direct Load Control (DLC) and model the uncertainty of individual device states using Monte Carlo method, so that the two typical flexible loads can achieve the target load-reduction requirements under the MAS framework. The research results demonstrate that this method achieves complementary advantages of the two types of loads participating in DR on a time scale, reducing the costs of power companies and saving customers’ electricity bills while peak shaving.
Assessment of Alterations in Settlement Patterns of Agricultural Landscape in the Example of Kashubia in Poland
Authors: Górka Anna
Published: January 2024

Traditional agricultural landscapes are heavily exposed to change due to their relatively low agricultural productivity. However, they represent cultural values of great importance in maintaining the resilience of the environment and society. Although their cultural potential is important for sustainable development, it is still insufficiently recognized. The article fills this gap by examining old farmstead buildings as a distinguishing element of the agricultural landscape. The study was conducted in Poland in the area of farm settlements in Kashubia. A spatial database and archival maps were used for comparison of the spatial distribution and the number of farmsteads and buildings in 1937 and 2020. The types of settlements in the selected area of research were recorded and classified. The results obtained from the study may support the spatial planning and local management of agricultural areas for the purpose of preserving rural identity and economy.
Comparison of Mechanized and Automated Technologies in the Scope of Cumulative Energy in Sustainable Milk Production
Authors: Mazur Kamila Ewelina , Barwicki Jan , Tseiko Vitalii
Published: January 2024

The labor and energy inputs for milking and milk cooling, the preparation and distribution of feed, and manure removal were analyzed on eight farms in the Masovian, Podlaskie, Lower Silesian, and Kuyavian–Pomeranian voivodeships. In these facilities, milking was carried out using milking robots, which were also employed during feed preparation and discharge. The cleaning of manure channels and walking corridors were also automated. Based on labor, fuel, energy consumption, weight of machinery and equipment, and building area, the cumulative energy intensity of the farms was calculated, taking into account the average density of cow herds. The lowest energy input, 0.974 kWh∙LU−1∙day, and the lowest cumulative energy intensity, amounting to 19.601 MJ∙day−1∙LU−1 were observed in a farm with AF-AM5 technology, that is, an automated milking system (AMS) and an automated feeding system (AFS). The second lowest total energy intensity was measured in a farm utilizing the AF-AM7 technology and amounted to 22.505 MJ∙day−1∙LU−1. The highest cumulative energy intensity was measured in a farm practicing conventional milking in a fishbone milking parlor, with a traditional feeding wagon powered by an agricultural tractor. A high level of cumulative energy intensity, for the majority, was connected with a high energy and fuel consumption, especially during the preparation of feed and feed distribution.
Eco-Environmental Risk Assessment and Its Precaution Partitions Based on a Knowledge Graph: A Case Study of Shenzhen City, China
Authors: Yang Yijia , Zhu Xuexin
Published: January 2024

The eco-environment is under constant pressure caused by the rapid pace of urbanization and changes in land use. Shenzhen is a typical “small-land-area, high-density” megalopolis facing various dilemmas and challenges; we must understand the eco-environmental risk (ER) of rapidly urbanizing regions and promote high-quality regional development. Therefore, with the help of the Python and Neo4j platforms, this study applies the theoretical foundation of knowledge graphs (KGs) and deep learning to form the KG of an ER; with this, we sort and establish an evaluation system in two dimensions, namely social and ecological, and introduce the Monte Carlo simulation to quantify the ER in Shenzhen City and its uncertainty from 2000 to 2020 to propose sub-regional programs and targeted measures for the prevention and control of the ER. The results are as follows: The eco-environmental risk index (ERI) of the study area as a whole showed a slight increase from 2000 to 2020; at the same time, the low-risk regions were mainly located in the east and southeast, while the high-risk regions were mainly located in the west–central and northwestern parts. In addition, three sample points (points A, B, and C) were selected using the Monte Carlo method to simulate the transfer of uncertainty from the indicator weights to the assessment results. Finally, based on the quantitative results, an accurate zoning scheme for ER prevention and control was provided to the decision makers, and appropriate countermeasures were proposed.
The Impact of Water Resource Tax on the Sustainable Development in Water-Intensive Industries: Evidence from Listed Companies
Authors: Zhao Kongjia , Yao Peng , Liu Jianxu
Published: January 2024

China is taking measures to minimize the negative impact of the long-term extensive water use model on the water environment. The large number of zombie enterprises with high energy consumption and low energy efficiency in highly water-consuming industries is one of the important reasons for the water resource governance plight of China. Based on the quasi-natural experiment of water resource tax reform from 2016 to 2020, this paper uses the panel data of listed companies to quantify the impact of water resource tax on the zombification of high water consumption enterprises in this paper. The results show that the zombie degree of high water consumption enterprises after the implementation of the water resource fee to tax reform has become significantly higher, and this conclusion remains stable after a series of tests. The conclusion of this paper has major implications regarding sustainably developing zombie enterprises and highly water-consuming industries in terms of policy.
Bamboo Scaffolding as a European Promising Opportunity: A Structural Feasibility Study
Authors: Altieri Davide , Molari Luisa
Published: January 2024

There is an increasing need for the use of materials with low carbon emissions, especially in the construction sector, which is responsible for a large amount of emissions. In this perspective, bamboo can play a crucial role; it grows very fast and is an effective carbon sink, having good mechanical properties. It has been used for millennia in specific contexts and territories, such as scaffolding in Asia. This paper aims to demonstrate how bamboo scaffolding can be a viable option in Europe as well. Two prototypes of scaffolding are calculated for the refurbishment of two- or three-story buildings, a common typology in European urban and extra-urban residential areas. The dimensions of the considered scaffolding are 1.8 m and 1.0 m for bay lengths and 1.5 m and 0.8 m for bay lifts. The bamboo considered in the analysis grows in temperate climates, dimensionally smaller in diameter and thickness than tropical ones. Connections play a crucial role, and this paper proposes simple steel connections that are easily removable and suitable for standardized assembly processes already available on the market.
Detecting Phase Transitions through Non-Equilibrium Work Fluctuations
Authors: Colangeli Matteo , Di Francesco Antonio , Rondoni Lamberto
Published: January 2024

We show how averages of exponential functions of path-dependent quantities, such as those of Work Fluctuation Theorems, detect phase transitions in deterministic and stochastic systems. State space truncation—the restriction of the observations to a subset of state space with prescribed probability—is introduced to obtain that result. Two stochastic processes undergoing first-order phase transitions are analyzed both analytically and numerically: a variant of the Ehrenfest urn model and the 2D Ising model subject to a magnetic field. In the presence of phase transitions, we prove that even minimal state space truncation makes averages of exponentials of path-dependent variables sensibly deviate from full state space values. Specifically, in the case of discontinuous phase transitions, this approach is strikingly effective in locating the transition value of the control parameter. As this approach works even with variables different from those of fluctuation theorems, it provides a new recipe to identify order parameters in the study of non-equilibrium phase transitions, profiting from the often incomplete statistics that are available.
The Binding, Infection, and Promoted Growth of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis by the Ranavirus FV3
Authors: De Jesús Andino Francisco , Davydenko Anton , Webb Rebecca J. , Robert Jacques
Published: January 2024

Increasing reports suggest the occurrence of co-infection between Ranaviruses such as Frog Virus 3 (FV3) and the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) in various amphibian species. However, the potential direct interaction of these two pathogens has not been examined to date. In this study, we investigated whether FV3 can interact with Bd in vitro using qPCR, conventional microscopy, and immunofluorescent microscopy. Our results reveal the unexpected ability of FV3 to bind, promote aggregation, productively infect, and significantly increase Bd growth in vitro. To extend these results in vivo, we assessed the impact of FV3 on Xenopus tropicalis frogs previously infected with Bd. Consistent with in vitro results, FV3 exposure to previously Bd-infected X. tropicalis significantly increased Bd loads and decreased the host’s survival.
A Pragmatic Approach for Chlorine Decay Modeling in Multiple-Source Water Distribution Networks Based on Trace Analysis
Authors: Zaghini Alice , Gagliardi Francesca , Marsili Valentina , Mazzoni Filippo , Tirello Lorenzo , Alvisi Stefano , Franchini Marco
Published: January 2024

Providing water with adequate quality to users is one of the main concerns for water utilities. In most countries, this is ensured through the introduction of disinfectants, such as chlorine, which are subjected to decay over time, with consequent loss of disinfection action and the possible formation of harmful by-products. In this context, water quality models can be a useful tool to support management and, thus, ensure sufficient standards in all network points, but most of these models require the input of reaction parameters which could be difficult to obtain based on the information available to water utilities, especially in the case of complex water distribution networks (WDNs) supplied by more than one source. This study proposes a pragmatic, interval-number-based method to model chlorine decay in complex WDNs by relying on the use of the network hydraulic model and the results of trace analysis, which are exploited to obtain overall reaction rates. The method is applied to the case of a real WDN supplied by water sources with different qualitative features. The results obtained highlight that the method can help water utilities in the identification of overall water quality parameters.
Integrated Hydrological Modeling for Watershed Analysis, Flood Prediction, and Mitigation Using Meteorological and Morphometric Data, SCS-CN, HEC-HMS/RAS, and QGIS
Authors: El-Bagoury Heba , Gad Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Flooding is a natural disaster with extensive impacts. Desert regions face altered flooding patterns owing to climate change, water scarcity, regulations, and rising water demands. This study assessed and predicted flash flood hazards by calculating discharge volume, peak flow, flood depth, and velocity using the Hydrologic Engineering Centre-River Analysis System and Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS) software. We employed meteorological and morphological data analyses, incorporating the soil conservation service (SCS) curve number method for precipitation losses and the SCS-Hydrograph for runoff transformation. The model was applied to two drainage basins (An-Nawayah and Al-Rashrash) in southeastern Cairo, Egypt, which recently encountered several destructive floods. The applied model revealed that 25-, 50-, and 100-year storms produced runoff volumes of 2461.8 × 103, 4299.6 × 103, and 5204.5 × 103 m3 for An-Nawayah and 6212 × 103, 8129.4 × 103, and 10,330.6 × 103 m3 for Al-Rashrash, respectively. Flood risk levels, categorised as high (35.6%), extreme (21.9%), and medium (21.12%) were assessed in low- and very-low-hazard areas. The study highlighted that the areas closer to the Nile River mouth faced greater flood impacts from torrential rain. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods in assessing and predicting flood risk. As a mitigation measure, this study recommends the construction of five 10 m high dams to create storage lakes. This integrated approach can be applied to flood risk assessment and mitigation in comparable regions.
Performance of a Double-Filter-Medium Tandem Membrane Bioreactor with Low Operating Costs in Domestic Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Liu Qiang , Li Chen , Zhao Minglei , Li Ying , Yang Yangyang , Li Yuxuan , Ma Siyuan
Published: January 2024

To reduce the operating costs of conventional membrane bioreactors (MBRs) and improve the stability and quality of the dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) effluent, a homemade inexpensive filter cloth assembly was connected to an up-flow ultra-lightweight-medium filter (UUF) in lieu of expensive membrane modules to form a double-filter-medium tandem (DT)-MBR. DT-MBR was used to treat domestic wastewater, and its removal efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were similar to those of aerobic MBR, with average removal rates of 91.1%, 98.4%, 15.1%, and 50.7%, respectively. The average suspended solid (SS) of the final effluent was 5.6 mg∙L−1, and the filter cloth assembly played a leading role in SS removal, with an average removal rate of 86.0% and a relatively stable removal effect with little impact via backwashing. The activated sludge zeta potential, flocculation and sedimentation properties, particle size distribution, microbial compositions, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and filtration resistance of the cake layer were analyzed; it was found that the cake layer, which can also be called the dynamic membrane (DM), had an excellent filtration performance. However, the DM theory could not reasonably explain why the effluent quality of the filter cloth assembly maintained good stability even after backwashing. The real reason must be related to the sieving of cloth pores. Therefore, the concept of an in situ autogenous static membrane (ISASM) was proposed. With low operating costs and good and stable effluent quality, DT-MBR is a desirable alternative to the traditional MBR.
The Spatial-Temporal Matching Characteristics of Water Resources and Socio-Economic Development Factors: A Case Study of Guangdong Province
Authors: Song Song , Fang Lehui , Yang Jinxin , Zhou Rui , Bai Gale , Qiu Yuqi
Published: January 2024

The spatial-temporal mismatch of water resources and socio-economic development in rapidly urbanized regions has been the focus of water resource management, and is one of the main limitations to sustainable development goals (SDGs). Guangdong Province is represented by a highly developed economy and society, and has been undergoing disproportionately rapid population growth during the past two decades. The uneven distribution and spatial mismatch of water resources have aggravated the contradictions between water supply demand. In this paper, we evaluate the matching degree of water resources and social economic elements, detect the spatial-temporal changing pattern of the matching degree, and reveal the changing mechanism using the combined methods of the Thiel index, the space–time Gini coefficient, and the Lorenz curve. The results show that (1) the temporal matching is relatively balanced and reasonable, while the spatial mismatch is prominent and deteriorating constantly, especially the connection between the amount of water and GDP; (2) the water volume pressure is mainly concentrated in the Peral River Delta and eastern and western Guangdong, while water consumption stress is relatively lower in northeastern Guangdong; and (3) the water volume inequality is dominated by an intercity difference and is primarily caused by regional differences. Based on the results, policy implications, such as the implementation of integrated water resource management plans, investment in the development of alternative water sources, as well as enhanced public education and the establishment of a water saving society, have been provided to alleviate the mismatch issue between water elements and socio-economic parameters, and to push the realization of water-related SDGs.
The Role of Stream Restoration in Mitigating Sediment and Phosphorous Loads in Urbanizing Watersheds
Authors: MacKenzie Kevin , Auger Steve , Beitollahpour Sara , Gharabaghi Bahram
Published: January 2024

Stream corridor erosion can majorly contribute to the overall sediment and phosphorus load in urbanizing watersheds. However, the relative contribution of stream bed and bank erosion, compared with upland watershed sources and the potential for stream restoration to mitigate total contaminant loads, is poorly understood. In this study, a new method was developed, using the percent impervious cover (PIC) indicator of urbanization to evaluate the relative contribution of the stream corridor versus upland watershed contributions to observed total sediment and phosphorus loads in the receiving watercourse. This method was used to develop a cost-optimized mitigation plan, including implementing low-impact development (LID) stormwater infrastructure for urban areas and agricultural best management practices (BMPs) for rural areas in the watershed and stream restoration for the degraded stream reaches. A new cost–benefit analysis methodology is developed and used to assess the relative benefits of the mitigation measures for the case study of the Tannery Creek sub-watershed of the East Holland River in Ontario, Canada. The novel contributions of this study include the development of three relationships to estimate sediment and associated phosphorus loading based on contributing catchment area and land use, as well as a method to optimize the costs and benefits of planned mitigation measures. The results support stream restoration as an essential and cost-effective part of a comprehensive water quality watershed management plan to help maintain healthy streams in urbanized watersheds.
Review of Machine Learning Methods for River Flood Routing
Authors: Li Li , Jun Kyung Soo
Published: January 2024

River flood routing computes changes in the shape of a flood wave over time as it travels downstream along a river. Conventional flood routing models, especially hydrodynamic models, require a high quality and quantity of input data, such as measured hydrologic time series, geometric data, hydraulic structures, and hydrological parameters. Unlike physically based models, machine learning algorithms, which are data-driven models, do not require much knowledge about underlying physical processes and can identify complex nonlinearity between inputs and outputs. Due to their higher performance, lower complexity, and low computation cost, researchers introduced novel machine learning methods as a single application or hybrid application to achieve more accurate and efficient flood routing. This paper reviews the recent application of machine learning methods in river flood routing.
Improvement of the Two-Dimensional Routing Procedure for Observing Dispersion Coefficients in Open-Channel Flow
Authors: Baek Donghae , Seo Il Won , Kim Jun Song , Jung Sung Hyun , Choi Yuyoung
Published: January 2024

The dispersion coefficients are crucial in understanding the spreading of pollutant clouds in river flows, particularly in the context of the depth-averaged two-dimensional (2D) advection–dispersion equation (ADE). Traditionally, the 2D stream-tube routing procedure (2D STRP) has been the predominant method for determining both the longitudinal and transverse dispersion coefficients of the 2D ADE under transient concentration conditions. This study aims to quantitatively analyze and address the limitations of the 2D STRP using hypothetically generated data. The findings of these evaluations revealed that the existing 2D STRP failed to accurately reproduce reliable results when the tracer clouds reached wall boundaries. This limitation prompted the development of the 2D STRP-i, which effectively resolves this drawback. The newly developed routing-based observation method, 2D STRP-i, enables the reliable estimation of dispersion coefficients, considering the effect of the wall boundary. The results indicated that the existing 2D STRP yielded 2D dispersion coefficients with relative errors ranging from 40% to 200%, while 2D STRP-i consistently yielded relative errors of 3% to 5% on average. When applied to tracer test data obtained through remote sensing, the 2D STRP-i demonstrated its ability to accurately observe temporal concentration distributions, even when wall boundaries have a significant impact on contaminant transport.
On a Numerical Method of Integrating the Barotropic Vorticity Equation
Authors: Fjørtoft Ragnar
Published: January 2024

A method is given by means of which quasi-permanent “velocity” fields may be constructed in which absolute vorticity is conserved if the atmosphere is treated as barotropic. For vorticity displacements these fields may be considered as constant for time intervals of the order of magnitude 24 hrs. Some simple approximate integration formulae are given for the Poisson- and Helmholz-equations. A graphical procedure is introduced to derive the isolines of voticity and to perform the integration work.
Professional Development and its Relationship to the Functional Adaptation of Government School Teachers in Amman.
Authors: Ahmad Al-Sarairah Khaled , Ibrahim Al-Omoush Wafa'a
Published: January 2024

The study aimed to Investigating the relationship between the professional development and functional adaptation of the government secondary school teacher in the capital Amman from the viewpoint of school principals. The study used the descriptive correlative approach research method which was appropriate for the purpose of study. The study variables were measured through a questionnaire distributed using the Simple Random sampling method. The target population consist (196) manager in the government secondary school in Amman.
The results of study showed that the reality of professional development for teachers in government secondary schools in the capital city of Amman comes with a high degree of appreciation, and all areas of professional development came with a high degree of appreciation, and it was found that the level of career adaptation of teachers in government secondary schools in the capital city of Amman were high, the results of which reached a positive and statistically significant relationship between the averages of a respondent’s sample response to the reality of professional development among teachers in government secondary schools in the capital city of Amman and the level of their functional adaptation.
The Challenges Facing Higher Education in Light of Corona Virus (COVID-19) and Its Impact on Student’s Academic Achievement: Empirical Study on Jordanian and Syrian Private Universities
Authors: Jumah Khaled , Alden Alaa , Al Mohamed Sobhi , Ahmad Marwa
Published: January 2024

This study aims to identify the challenges facing the higher education system considering the Corona pandemic and its impact on the achievement of students in Jordanian and Syrian private universities.The study covers several independent variables: Curriculum challenges, challenges facing faculty members, challenges related to the infrastructure of universities, challenges related to pandemic response procedures, challenges in the ability to reduce Educational Wastage, and challenges related to health infrastructure.The data of the study are collected through a questionnaire designed for the purposes of the study, and data are collected from a sample of faculty members at Philadelphia University and Ebla University. The first part of the questionnaire consists of information about faculty members, and the second part of the questionnaire includes (47) Items or questions that represent the challenges. The questionnaire is distributed electronically via e-mail to faculty members in both universities, and the number of valid questionnaires for analysis is (65), representing the sample size. The study uses the statistical program "SPSS" where the data are processed and analyzed. The results of the study show that the sample members feel strongly about all challenges that faced them and the highest mean value is (4.4495), which is an indicator that the students’ academic achievement is affected by the challenges faced by the faculty members. Although all the variables have high mean value, we found that the lowest mean is (3.9540) for the challenges related to health infrastructure. The study recommends to pay attention and follow-up on students and faculty members in universities to confront the Corona pandemic.
Smartphone Addiction and its Impacts on Loneliness, Happiness, and Satisfaction with Life in Medical Students with Different Personalities During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Raj Jeneth Berlin , Srinivasan Krishnan , Veeraraghavan Vishnupriya
Published: January 2024

Background: In this digital era, around the globe, smartphones have become ubiquitous and an indispensable part of everyday life. Despite being a highly productive tool, smartphone is often overused or misused leading to addiction. Studies have been carried out to assess factors influencing smartphone addiction, but very little focus has been placed on psychosocial changes in adults with different personalities, especially among medical students. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the influence of smartphone addiction on personality among medical students in South India. Methods: A validated extrovert and Introvert Personality Inventory (IPEI) was administered to assess the personality after obtaining the necessary permissions. Using a validated questionnaire, the satisfaction with life, subjective happiness, and loneliness scales were administered via Google Forms. Findings: The results showed there was a statistically significant increase in life satisfaction and loneliness scores among the extroverts in the mobile phone addiction group compared with the non-addiction group (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Considering the impact of cell phones on various factors in adults in different areas can complement the nationwide statistics so as to formulate a health policy to address the vulnerable population and thus prevent the deterioration of the psychosocial behavior of the young generation.
Píldoras formativas geográficas. Tasas e índices para el estudio de la geografía de la población
Authors: López Casado David , González Romero Gema
Published: January 2024

El polimedia se centra en la definición de las principales tasas e índices utilizados en la Geografía de la Población. Este polimedia forma parte de la segunda edición de la serie “Píldoras formativas geográficas”.

El polimedia se dirige a todas aquellas personas interesadas en profundizar sobre la utilidad y aplicabilidad de las tasas e índices en los estudios demográficos y de Geografía de la Población.

Los contenidos abordados en el polimedia son, por un lado, de tipo teórico, ofreciendo la definición y delimitación conceptual de tasa e índice demográfico. Por último, se ofrece una breve explicación de su aplicabilidad para un mejor conocimiento de la estructura y rasgos demográficos de una población.
THE CHALLENGES TO LEARN MALAY LANGUAGE AMONG FOREIGN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS THROUGH ONLINE LEARNING
Authors: Mohamad Maswan Norfaizadatul Akma , Abdul Samat Siti Rohani , Mohd Nasir Nurul Farhanah
Published: January 2024

The Malay Language is Malaysia's national language and learning it is very essential. Since the Covid-19 epidemic, most educational institutions have used online learning as one of their teaching strategies. Unfortunately, studying and reading a language through online instruction can be challenging, and some students may find this way to be very tedious. This research investigates the difficulties that foreign students and lecturers may encounter when learning and teaching Malay language online. To address the research issues, a qualitative method was employed in this study, which drew information from secondary sources such books, chosen articles, and official reports. The initial results indicate that there are numerous foreign students and numerous difficulties for both foreign students and instructors, as they are unable to acquire the language as effectively as they could in completely physical classes. In addition, students struggle to concentrate and face other challenges such as poor internet access, sluggish online videos, and difficulty understanding instructors' pronunciation of the Malay language.
JENIS DAN PERKEMBANGAN VAKSIN TERKINI
Authors: Halimah Lia Siti
Published: January 2024

Pandemi Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) yang terjadi pada tahun 2019 merupakan tantangan paling berat bagi umat manusia di abad ini. Situasi ini telah mendorong banyak perusahaan dan lembaga penelitian untuk memfokuskan upaya mereka pada penelitian terapeutik dan vaksin yang efektif guna menemukan jawaban yang tepat dalam pengendalian penyakit tersebut. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk mengembangkan berbagai platform dan strategi vaksin secara bersamaan. Secara umum, platform vaksin dibagi menjadi enam kategori: vaksin virus hidup yang dilemahkan, vaksin vektor virus rekombinan, vaksin virus tidak aktif, vaksin subunit protein, vaksin partikel mirip virus (VMP), dan vaksin berbasis asam nukleat DNA atau mRNA. Keberhasilan suatu vaksin memerlukan validasi yang cermat atas kemanjuran dan reaktivitas yang merugikan pada populasi sasaran vaksin, termasuk individu berisiko tinggi yang berusia di atas 60 tahun, mereka yang memiliki penyakit penyerta kronis, petugas kesehatan garis depan, dan mereka yang terlibat dalam industri penting. Desain vaksin menyangkut pemilihan antigen, platform vaksin, serta rute dan rejimen vaksinasi. Pilihan platform vaksin menentukan kekuatan imunogenik relatif dari antigen virus yang diturunkan dari vaksin, apakah diperlukan bahan pembantu, dan sifat kekebalan protektif. Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai upaya yang dilakukan untuk menghasilkan vaksin yang efektif terhadap virus corona baru yang telah melumpuhkan dunia dalam hal perekonomian, kesehatan manusia, dan kehidupan.

Kata kunci : platform, vaksin
ANALISIS HISTOPATOLOGI KETEBALAN EPIDERMIS SETELAH PENGOLESAN GEL EKSTRAK CURCUMIN PADA MENCIT ALBINO YANG DIINDUKSI 2,4 DINITROCHLOROBENZE
Authors: Bulqini Rina Munirah , Damayanti Lina
Published: January 2024

Agen antiinflamasi topikal dari bahan alami dengan efikasi yang baik dan efek samping minimal sangat diperlukan. Curcumin termasuk bahan alami yang berefek anti inflamasi. Namun penelitian dalam bentuk topikal masih sangat jarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efek topikal gel ekstrak Curcumin terhadap inflamasi kulit mencit yang diinduksi 2,4 dinitrochlorobenzen (DNCB). Studi menggunakan randomized posttest –only control group design dengan sampel 30 ekor mencit albino dalam 6 kelompok. Ketebalan epidermis diukur dari lapisan sel basal hingga stratum korneum menggunakan ImageJ software. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan rerata ketebalan epidermis antara kelompok mencit yang diberikan aplikasi gel ekstrak Curcumin dengan kelompok yang tidak diberikan gel ekstrak Curcumin. Penebalan epidermis terjadi jika dermatitis kontak iritan berupa dermatitis kontak iritan kronis. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menilai efek anti inflamasi ini pada inflamasi kronik.

Kata kunci: curcumin, DNCB, gel, stratum korneum
Estimating of the maximum life expectancy and natural mortality of the red king crab on the example of the Barents Sea population
Authors: Moiseev S. I. , Sennikov A. M. , Moiseeva S. A.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study is to establish the maximum life span (tmax) and natural mortality (M) in commercial Lithodidae using the example of the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus.

Material and methods — after the introduction of P. camtschaticus into the Barents Sea in 1969, the dynamics of the maximum carapace width (CWmax) from the first crab catches in 1974 to 2022 was considered. The data of the authors’ own observations and the results of studies from the open press were used.

Results. The retrospective dynamics of the maximum size of crabs for older ages for 1974–2022 is presented. The maximum sizes were established: in males CWmax 280–312 and 298 mm was in 2002 and 2003, and in females CWmax 210–220 mm in 1995, 1998 and in a later period.

New data. Based on the fifty-year dynamics of CWmax, it was suggested that after the end of the acclimatization of P. camtschaticus in 1969, the first generation of local juveniles appeared in the area of introduction in the early 1970s; in the absence of fishing, these juveniles were able to freely reach the maximum historical size and maximum age. Males caught in 2002–2003 with CWmax 280–312 mm, could have been 30–33 years old (mean 31 years), and the age of females in 1995 with CWmax 210 mm was 20–25 years (mean 23 years). This age limit of crabs allows us to establish a natural mortality according to the formula М=3/tmax for crabs with CW ≥70–90 mm, when their natural elimination is minimal. In this case, the decrease in M in males will be 10% per year, and in females 13%.

Practical significance. To estimate the commercial stock of P. camtschaticus, the values of natural mortality used today are 1.8–2.3 times higher than M established by tmax for this species in the Barents Sea. The use of a double overestimated value of M in model calculations leads to a decrease in the commercial stock of crab and, as a consequence, to a decrease in its total allowable catch.
Deep Learning Approaches for Disease Detection in Groundnut Crops using CNN Models
Authors: Sivaganesan D.
Published: January 2024

A major oilseed crop grown in tropical and subtropical parts of the world, groundnuts are a major crop in India. In the sixteenth century, groundnuts were likely transported from Brazil to West Africa, later making their way to India and the African east coast. According to earlier research, various strategies are employed to prevent diseases of groundnut leaves. The main methods include artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), convolutional neural networks (CNN), and more. Several CNN techniques for leaf disease identification and methodology will be employed in this study. Different CNN models, such as MobileNet, VGG-16, and EfficientNet, are compared to determine which model is most frequently used to identify leaf disease. The accuracy and precision will be computed and presented as a result of utilizing the dataset.
ABORDAGEM A ANSIEDADE: ESTRÁTÉGIAS DE MANEJO E BEM-ESTAR MENTAL
Authors: Barbosa Thamyres Maria Silva , Amaral Amanda Soares do , Souza Ana Julia Silva de , Sá Adriana Siqueira de , Lopez Andres Santiago Quizhpi , Santos Carlos Alberto Feitosa dos , Silva Fabio José Antônio da , Amaral Livia Soares , Lara Michelle Borcath de , Carlos Samara Linhares , Ramos Silvialine Fontanele , Zanoni Rodrigo Daniel
Published: January 2024

O propósito desta pesquisa é desenvolver intervenções práticas, embasadas em evidências, com o intuito de prevenir e tratar a ansiedade, considerando as diferenças demográficas e os desafios específicos. Para alcançar esse objetivo, conduzimos uma revisão narrativa de literatura em bases de dados acadêmicas, como PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Biblioteca virtual de saúde, Lilacs e Google Scholar. Os critérios de inclusão abrangem trabalhos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, de acesso gratuito, disponíveis na íntegra e relacionados à temática proposta. Por outro lado, os critérios de exclusão compreendem trabalhos publicados fora do período selecionado, repetidos, não relacionados à temática proposta e incompletos.Na análise dos dados, foram lidos na íntegra 50 artigos, além de consultar 2 sites para obtenção de dados epidemiológicos. Destes, apenas 5 foram incluídos para compor o estudo. O referencial teórico foi organizado em tópicos distintos, proporcionando uma base sólida para a análise da ansiedade. Esses tópicos abordaram teorias psicológicas que exploram suas origens e manifestações, fatores biológicos que influenciam seu desenvolvimento, e uma variedade de intervenções eficazes na gestão e tratamento desse fenômeno complexo.Ao abordar cada tópico de forma separada, foi possível examinar detalhadamente as múltiplas facetas da ansiedade, proporcionando uma visão mais clara e abrangente deste tema relevante. A pesquisa destacou uma crescente inquietação em relação aos distúrbios de ansiedade, agravados por pressões socioculturais e desafios contemporâneos. Isso engloba a busca incessante por validação nas redes sociais, assim como nas esferas familiar e social, gerando uma crescente incerteza em relação à aprovação social e aos paradigmas estabelecidos na sociedade.
ANÁLISE DA INTERFACE ENTRE ESPIRITUALIDADE E SAÚDE MENTAL NO CONTEXTO PROFISSIONAL-USUÁRIO
Authors: Da Silva Wendel Johnson , Pereira Arthur Martins , Pinto Janilce Guiomar , Brito Caroline Fontineles , Soares Karynne Macêdo , Rolo Karina Gil Tomaz , Zanoni Rodrigo Daniel
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo versa sobre a correlação entre espiritualidade e a saúde mental no processo saúde doença. Objetiva-se traçar as relações entre saúde mental e espiritualidade para poder, por conseguinte, compreender seu contraste e fomentar a pesquisa sobre as implicações desta interconexão que deságuam no cotidiano de diversos usuários do âmbito público ou privado. Para tanto, o estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de uma revisão narrativa, de abordagem qualitativa, com dados secundários, recorrendo-se à literatura científica correspondente nos últimos cinco anos. Desse modo, a partir do exposto pode-se coligir a importância do papel desempenhado pela espiritualidade sobretudo no âmbito psicoterapêutico, tanto em relação a doenças terminais, quanto ao contexto de sofrimento psíquico, uma vez que as principais pesquisas apontam para a melhoria dos estados de adoecimento e indicam uma melhora significativa no quadro psicológico. Além disso, convém salientar as percepções diversas, na literatura, no que se refere ao dilema religião/espiritualidade, que são diametralmente díspares, outrossim, no processo saúde-doença.
Troponina no Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio sem Supradesnivelamento do Segmento ST: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Vasconcelos José Lucas Moura , Cardoso Adélia Mendes , Guimarães Aline Cicilia Oliveira dos Santos , Silva Amanda Custódio , Rodrigues Breno Lucas Pereira , Silveira Maria Fernanda Marin Machado , Talarico Maria Louise Mancuzzo , Ribeiro Mariana Orikassa , Gazzoni Nathalya castelo labrichosa , Giácomo Rafaella Cançado Constantino de , Normanha Rodrigo Alcantara , Albuquerque Sara Ramos , Júnior Sidnei Della Colleta , Melo Vanessa Avelar Alcântara
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão sistemática sobre o papel da troponina no Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio (IAM) sem Supradesnivelamento do Segmento ST. A introdução destaca a importância da troponina como biomarcador sensível de lesão miocárdica, especialmente em contextos de IAM sem supra de ST. A metodologia descreve a abordagem rigorosa seguindo as diretrizes do PRISMA, incluindo critérios de inclusão e exclusão, busca em bases de dados e avaliação da qualidade dos estudos. O desenvolvimento abrange a análise dos resultados, destacando a sensibilidade diagnóstica, prognóstico a longo prazo e desafios na interpretação dos níveis de troponina. A conclusão ressalta a relevância clínica da troponina, enfatizando seu papel na rápida identificação de pacientes, estratificação de risco e prognóstico em IAM sem supra de ST. Discute-se também a evolução da metodologia diagnóstica e desafios a serem abordados, apontando para direções futuras na pesquisa.
Lidocaína como Adjuvante na Anestesia Peridural para Cesariana: Avaliação de eficácia e resultados
Authors: Bezerra Mariana Cunha Paes , Barbosa Alladin Anderson Ramos , Silva Marcia Eduarda Andrade da , Sales João Marcos Barcelos , Grasel Gabriella Regina , Wada Arthur , Silva Jaqueline Alves da , Cardoso Rômulo Henrique da Silva , Lavoyer Lenise Duarte dos Santos Cabral , Basuino Letícia , Azevedo Igor Ziank Reis , Melro Neto José Afonso Freitas , Alexandre Ricardo Oliveira , Pedreira João Luiz Almeida , Lima Cindy Stephanie Esteves de , Silva Filho Washington Luiz Rodrigues da , Moura Jonathan Almeida
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo visa analisar a eficácia, segurança e aplicabilidade da lidocaína como adjuvante na anestesia peridural para cesarianas, considerando diferentes protocolos e seus impactos em parâmetros clínicos. Introdução: A lidocaína como adjuvante na anestesia peridural para cesarianas desempenha um papel crucial na gestão da dor obstétrica. Esta revisão abrange sua eficácia, segurança e impactos em diferentes aspectos clínicos, visando aprimorar as práticas anestésicas contemporâneas. Metodologia: A metodologia envolveu a revisão integrativa sistemática de estudos clínicos que investigaram o uso da lidocaína como adjuvante em anestesia peridural para cesarianas. A análise abrangente considerou diferentes protocolos de administração, dosagens e concentrações, avaliando a eficácia, segurança e impactos em parâmetros clínicos diversos. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram consistentemente a eficácia da lidocaína na analgesia peridural para cesarianas, com impactos positivos no alívio da dor. Observou-se também uma relativa segurança, destacando a importância da individualização dos protocolos de administração. Conclusão: Em síntese, a lidocaína como adjuvante na anestesia peridural para cesarianas demonstra eficácia notável no alívio da dor, mantendo um perfil de segurança quando administrada com prudência. Sua aplicabilidade e versatilidade reforçam seu papel relevante na otimização das práticas anestésicas obstétricas.
Bagehot’s Classical Money View: A Reconstruction
Authors:   Professor of Economics at Pardee School of Global Studies at Boston University, Mehrling Perry
Published: January 2024

Bagehot is difficult for modern economists to read with understanding, for three reasons. He was a classical economist not neoclassical, his orientation was global not national, and, most importantly, his intellectual formation was as a practicing country banker not an academic. This paper adopts all three perspectives, and uses this frame to reinterpret his mature work, both Lombard Street and the unfinished Economic Studies, as the origin of the key currency tradition which continues as a minority view in modern economics.
BENEFÍCIOS DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE GAMETERAPIA NA REABILITAÇÃO DE PACIENTES QUEIMADOS
Authors: Carneiro Helen Regina Marques , Santana Gabriela Viégas , Magno Aiana de Castro , Silva e Silva Eduarda Cristina , Cruz Flávia Rodrigues da , Noronha Maria Berenice Pires , Silva Patryck Sabino Costa , Furtado Marcos Vinícius da Conceição
Published: January 2024

As queimaduras são lesões que representam um importante agravo na saúde pública do Brasil. Elas podem resultar em sequelas como incapacidade funcional, deformidades, sequelas psicológicas e a depender do local de seu acometimento podem causar danos neurológicos, oftalmológicos e geniturinários. Como recurso para reabilitação, está a realidade virtual, que proporciona diversos benefícios, além de ser uma terapia de fácil acesso, sendo usada por vários profissionais e tem se destacado como um método de tratamento adjuvante.  A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre os efeitos da gameterapia em queimados. Como método, se trata de um estudo de revisão de literatura, realizado por meio da leitura, análise e interpretação dos artigos publicados nos periódicos científicos. Através da busca inicial nas bases de dados, foram encontrados 22 artigos e apenas nove contemplaram todos os critérios de inclusão após as etapas de seleção. Os resultados sugerem que o uso da realidade virtual no tratamento de pacientes queimados é efetivo na redução do quadro álgico, melhora na amplitude de movimento, na diminuição da ansiedade em crianças e menos dor durante os procedimentos, redução na frequência cardíaca, menor tempo pensando na dor e foram mais colaborativas durante o procedimento. Assim, o uso da RV pode ser efetivo no processo de tratamento de pacientes queimados, no entanto, apesar dos resultados promissores dos estudos, é  necessário que haja pesquisas utilizando grupos maiores e em condições similares para promover evidência da efetividade da realidade virtual e incluí-la no tratamento dos queimados.