bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)bis[2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl]iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate and (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)bis[5-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl]iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate–diethyl ether–acetonitrile (1/0.61/0.78)
Authors: Gienau Trevor J. , Clay Malachi , Brennessel William W. , Reed Carly R.
Published: January 2025

The title compounds, [Ir(C14H12N2)(C11H8N)2]PF6 (1) and [Ir(C14H12N2)(C12H10N)2]PF6·0.61C2H10O·0.78CH3CN (2), crystallize in the space groups Pbca and P
1, respectively, each structure containing one monocationic Ir complex and one PF6
− anion in the asymmetric unit. The anion and solvent in compound 2 are disordered. The Ir—N(phenanthroline) bond lengths of ca. 2.21 Å indicate a greater steric effect of the 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline ligand compared to 1,10-phenanthroline. Both structures show offset parallel intermolecular π–π interactions between the pyridine rings of the phenanthroline ligands, and that of 1 also exhibits similar interactions between the phenyl and pyridine rings of the phenylpyridine ligands.
Crystal structures of zinc(II) coordination complexes with isoquinoline N-oxide
Authors: Groneck Erin N. , Peek Nathan , Lynch Will E. , Padgett Clifford W.
Published: January 2025

The reaction of one equivalent of zinc(II) halide salts with two equivalents of isoquinoline N-oxide (iQNO; C9H7NO) in methanol yields compounds of the general formula [ZnX
2(iQNO)2], with X = Cl− (I), Br− (II) and I− (III). However, starting with zinc(II) perchlorate or nitrate leads to the formation of complex ions with the compositions [Zn(iQNO)6](X)2 for X = ClO4
− (IV), and [Zn(iQNO)(H2O)5](iQNO)2
X
2 for X = NO3
− (V). Complexes (I), (II) and (III), namely dichloridobis(isoquinoline N-oxide-κO)zinc(II) [ZnCl2(C9H7NO)2], dibromidobis(isoquinoline N-oxide-κO)zinc(II) [ZnBr2(C9H7NO)2], and diiodidobis(isoquinoline N-oxide-κO)zinc(II) [ZnI2(C9H7NO)2], each exhibit a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry around the zinc(II) ion coordinated by two iQNO ligands bound through the oxygen atom and two halide ions. The zinc ion lies on a crystallographic twofold axis in the bromo complex. The X—Zn—X bond angles are approximately 15–17° larger than the O—Zn—O bond angles resulting in the observed tetrahedral distortion. In complex (IV), hexakis(isoquinoline N-oxide-κO)zinc(II) bis(perchlorate), [Zn(C9H7NO)6](ClO4)2, the zinc(II) ion occupies a special position with 3 site symmetry and is octahedrally coordinated by six iQNO ligands, albeit with slight distortions evidenced by a spread of cis bond angles from 85.82 (4) to 94.18 (4)°. The chlorine atom of the perchlorate anion lies on a crystallographic threefold axis. Finally, complex (V) crystallizes with a pseudo-octahedral geometry; pentaaqua(isoquinoline N-oxide-κO)zinc(II) dinitrate–isoquinoline N-oxide (1/2), [Zn(C9H7NO)(H2O)5](NO3)2·2(C9H7NO). The nitrate ions and non-coordinated iQNO molecules engage in π-stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions with the coordinated water molecules. The iQNO—Zn—O equatorial bond angles range from 88.98 (9) to 94.90 (9)°, with the largest deviation from a perfect octahedral angle attributed to the influence of a weak C—H...O (from water) interaction (2.287 Å) involving the bound iQNO ligand.
Exploration of the effect of fractional elements in nonlinear transmission lines
Authors: Condon Marissa , Hayes Brendan , Cullinane Niall
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore how fractional derivatives affect the transient and steady-state behaviour of nonlinear transmission lines. This problem is of significance for high-frequency design of systems such as high-speed sampling systems and radar systems.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper shall consider the transient and steady-state responses of nonlinear transmission lines when fractional derivatives are considered. A lumped-parameter model is considered and the product-integration implicit trapezoidal rule shall be used for simulations.

Findings

The important observation is that small deviations of the order of the derivative from an integer order can have a significant effect on the transient and steady-state behaviour. This includes a change in the speed of the wave on the transmission line and on its damping.

Originality/value

The work is novel as it uses a lumped-parameter model with nonlinear capacitors and explores the effect on the dynamical behaviour when fractional derivatives are present. This is in contrast to the typical approach of using a partial differential equation derived under certain assumptions such as the nature of the nonlinear capacitor.
How does AI awareness affect employees’ voice behavior in the service industry? A transactional theory of stress perspective
Authors: He Changqing , Xiong Huyun , Cai Wenjun , Song Jun
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to explore the impacts of service industry employees’ AI awareness on their voice behavior while also considering the dual mediating roles of voice efficacy and job insecurity, as well as the moderating role of trait competitiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample comprises data from a two-wave longitudinal survey of 203 employees in the service sector. This study examined all the hypotheses using Mplus 8.0.

Findings

This study confirms that service sector employees’ AI awareness has significant negative effects on both promotive and prohibitive voice behaviors. Voice efficacy can mediate the negative impact of AI awareness on promotive voice. Both voice efficacy and job insecurity can mediate the negative impact of AI awareness on prohibitive voice. Furthermore, employees’ trait competitiveness can weaken the negative impact of employees’ AI awareness on their voice efficacy.

Practical implications

Managers should first investigate employees’ AI awareness and then adopt targeted managerial strategies to promote their voice behavior.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature related to the consequences of AI awareness by linking AI awareness to employee voice behavior. Furthermore, this study deepens our understanding of how AI awareness affects employee voice behavior by proposing voice efficacy (i.e. the efficacy pathway) and job insecurity (i.e. the safety pathway) as key mediating mechanisms. Moreover, this study advances our understanding of when AI awareness influences employee voice behavior by identifying the moderating role of trait competitiveness.
The impact of strategic agility on the strategic orientation during the Covid-19 crisis in Jordanian medical and pharmaceutical industries companies
Authors: Abufardeh Fatima Mohammad , Albloush Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to explore the impact of strategic agility on strategic orientation and its dimensions (retrenchment, perseverance, innovation and exit strategies) in Jordanian medical and pharmaceutical industries companies during the COVID-19 crisis.

Design/methodology/approach

The researchers relied on a descriptive-analytic methodology. The study population consisted of 23 companies in the medical and pharmaceutical industries in Amman, Jordan. The sampling units were the top managers of these companies, represented by chief executive officers and main department managers. The sample size was 193. Questionnaires were distributed to collect the data, while the valid for analysis were 165 questionnaires.

Findings

The results showed that strategic agility has a positive effect on strategic orientation, as well as on, perseverance, and innovation strategies, but it has an opposite effect on retrenchment strategy. However, it has no statistically significant effect on the exit strategy.

Originality/value

This pioneering study is uniquely valuable through filling a gap in the literature by examining the dynamic relationship between strategic agility and strategic orientation, offering practical insights for decision-makers to enhance resilience that contributes to overcoming the COVID-19 and future crises.
Challenges in developing a Process Analytical Technology (PAT)‐based verification of UV‐C treatment of milk
Authors: Souroullas Kallis , Papademas Photis
Published: January 2025

Ultraviolet radiation (UV‐C) is building a strong reputation as a non‐thermal processing method in the food industry which inactivates spoilage and pathogenic microbes through DNA damage. Approved under Regulation (EC) No 258/97, UV‐treated milk is deemed safe, with EFSA approving a dose of 1045 J/L post‐pasteurisation, increasing vitamin D3 content and shelf life to 21 days. However, current verification relies solely on reactor process conditions, which may fail. Therefore, a verification method, akin to pasteurisation's alkaline phosphatase test, is essential. A process analytical technology sensor, analysing photooxidation‐induced spectral changes, could ensure treatment efficacy. However, developing such sensors faces challenges from milk's optical properties (low UV transmission) and natural variability. Developing such sensor could pave the way for standalone UV‐C treatment as a future environmentally friendly alternative. The objective of this study is to systematically document the challenges encountered to date in the investigation of this novel verification methodology.
Changes in the Inflation Target and the Comovement Between Inflation and the Nominal Interest Rate1
Authors: Eo Yunjong , Lie Denny
Published: January 2025

Would raising the inflation target require an increase in the nominal interest rate in the short run? We answer this policy question, first analytically in a small‐scale New Keynesian model with backward‐looking components where a closed‐form solution exists, and then, in a medium‐scale Smets and Wouters model calibrated to the US economy. Our analysis shows that the short‐run comovement between inflation and the nominal interest rate conditional on changes in the inflation target is more likely to be positive, all else equal, as the monetary authority reacts less aggressively to the deviation of inflation from its target. Meanwhile, features of the model that enhance backward‐looking behaviour, such as backward price indexation and habit formation in consumption, are shown to reduce the likelihood of the positive comovement. However, our investigations reveal that in both models, this positive comovement or the so‐called Neo‐Fisherism is prevalent across a wide range of empirically plausible parameter values. Using the Smets and Wouters model with a zero lower bound (ZLB) constraint on the nominal interest rate, we show that raising the inflation target could be an effective alternative policy framework to reduce the possibility of a binding ZLB constraint and to mitigate the potentially large output loss.
Infrastructures, Riverscapes, and the Governance of Mobility: The Evros/Meriç River and the Infrastructuring of Nature
Authors: Teunissen Peter
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the interplay between infrastructures, geophysical environments, and mobility regimes by focusing on the Evros/Meriç River, as the border between Turkey, Greece, and the EU. Situated in the fields of Infrastructure Studies, Mobility Studies, and Critical Border Studies, this paper examines how border regimes are enrolled in the riverscape, thereby shaping who can cross the river‐as‐border and under what conditions. Through an interdisciplinary research practice of “montaging”, which integrates ethnographic research, literary and visual analysis, cartography, and textual analysis, this paper analyses how geophysical environments and socio‐technical formations co‐constitute racialising border regimes. Using the conceptual framework of infrastructure as ecology, this paper highlights the relationality between geophysical environments, border regimes, and how people‐on‐the‐move navigate these landscapes. In so doing, this paper explores a critical way of thinking about “natural borders” and “infrastructures” and aims to put forward analytical tools for documenting and analysing bordering practices.
Editorial Perspective: What do we need to know about the manosphere and young people's mental health?
Authors: Over Harriet , Bunce Carl , Konu Delali , Zendle David
Published: January 2025

The manosphere is an international network of social media influencers and communities promoting male supremacy and antifeminist ideologies. Young men are engaging with this extremist content at high rates. Despite growing concerns among educators, policymakers and researchers, systematic data on the long‐term impact of the manosphere on young people's mental health and behaviour remains limited. However, preliminary data suggest that the manosphere is encouraging sexist attitudes, exacerbating existing inequalities in schools, and spreading dangerous messages about mental health. We discuss the current state of research, highlight the challenges of measuring engagement with online misogyny, and propose priorities for future work. Our commentary underscores the urgent need for multilevel interventions to counteract the negative effects of the manosphere on the attitudes of young men, and their downstream consequences for the mental health and well‐being of women and girls.
IGF2BP3 Triggers STAT3 Pathway by Stabilizing SRC RNA in an m6A‐Dependent Manner to Promote Lymphatic Metastasis in LUAD
Authors: Ding Jiapei , Wang Xuequan , Yang Haihua , Zhang Lele , Ying Yongquan , Pi Wenhu , Deng Guozhong , Zhu Yaqun
Published: January 2025

Lymph node metastasis significantly affects the NSCLC patients' staging, treatment strategy, and prognosis. Studies have shown that IGF2BP3, an oncofetal protein and an m6A reader, overexpresses and correlates to lymph node metastasis and worse overall survival in histopathological studies including NSCLC, but its mechanism needs further study. This study explored IGF2BP3's function and mechanism in LUAD lymphatic metastasis using public databases, a human LUAD tissue microarray, human LUAD cells, and a lymphatic metastasis model in male BALB/c nude mice. Firstly, we proved that IGF2BP3 overexpression was positively correlated to patients' lymph node metastasis and worse overall survival in bioinformatics and a human LUAD tissue microarray analysis. IGF2BP3 was knocked out or overexpressed in human LUAD cell lines. Functionally, IGF2BP3 facilitated NCI‐H1299, NCI‐H358, and A549 cell growth, migration, invasion, and EMT in vitro, and promoted tumorigenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and lymphatic metastasis of NCI‐H1299 cells in BALB/c nude mice. Mechanically, RIP, RNA pull‐down assay, MeRIP, mRNA stability assays, rescue experiments, and immunohistochemical assays were conducted. IGF2BP3 was demonstrated to bind to the m6A site of the 3′UTR region of SRC, stabilizing its mRNA and activating the downstream STAT3 signaling pathway and lymphatic growth factors such as VEGF‐C, therefore affecting lymphatic metastasis. The cell migration and EMT function of IGF2BP3 were partially rescued by utilizing SRC siRNA or AZD0530, an SRC inhibitor. This study demonstrated that IGF2BP3 promotes lymphatic metastasis in LUAD via activating the m6A‐SRC‐STAT3‐VEGFC signaling axis, indicating that IGF2BP3 is a potential therapeutic target to overcome metastasis in LUAD patients.
Supporting Wildlife Restoration in Eastern States via State Wildlife Action Plans
Authors: Elbroch L. Mark , Vucetich John A. , Rose Christa , Bruskotter Jeremy T.
Published: January 2025

The biodiversity crisis is driven by extinction at two scales: the global extinction of species and the local extirpation of populations (i.e., range contraction). Local extirpations are especially acute in the eastern United States, which has lost a substantial portion of its native mammalian fauna. Species restoration in the U.S., therefore, should be utilised more to revitalise and restore degraded systems. State wildlife agencies can elevate discussions about species restoration and facilitate internal capacity to conduct restoration projects by including locally extirpated species in State Wildlife Action Plans, which are currently under revision, and will guide state conservation programs for the next 10 years.
Effect of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and beta cell function on the remission of type 2 diabetes: A post hoc analysis of the IDEATE trial
Authors: Wu Xianglin , Huang Qiuyue , Ding Yi , Cao Qiuyu , Jiang Youjin , Xu Yu , Zhao Zhiyun , Xu Min , Lu Jieli , Wang Tiange , Ning Guang , Wang Weiqing , Bi Yufang , Xu Yuchen , Li Mian
Published: January 2025

Aims

To compare the probability of achieving diabetes remission in individuals with different phenotypes of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and beta cell function and further detect the effects of diet, exercise, and lifestyle education intervention on these indexes.

Methods

Three‐hundred and one participants who had glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) data at baseline and after intervention were included for this post hoc analysis. We used the multi‐way analysis of variance to assess the differences between the diabetes remission and non‐remission groups or between intervention groups in changes of the indexes of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and beta cell function. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association between the diabetes remission and baseline and change of each insulin index.

Results

Participants with a higher disposition index (DI) or higher adaptation index at baseline were more likely to achieve diabetes remission. The diabetes remission group had a significantly greater increase in AUCc‐pep0–30/AUCgluc0–30, DI, and adaptation index compared with the non‐remission group, while there were no between‐group differences in indexes of insulin sensitivity. Participants with greater increases in insulin secretion and beta cell function were more likely to achieve diabetes remission. Indexes of beta cell function improved in all intervention groups, while the diet intervention induced significant improvement compared with lifestyle education.

Conclusions

These findings supported the importance of aggressively implementing intensive lifestyle interventions for individuals with type 2 diabetes at an early stage of the disease, when beta cell function was not yet significantly impaired, to promote achieving diabetes remission.
Urban food insecurity and its determinants among migrant households
Authors: Mazenda Adrino , Althaus Catherine , Tani Massimiliano
Published: January 2025

This study utilized the Linear Probability Model to examine the determinants of food insecurity among migrant households in the Gauteng City region of South Africa. 13,616 households were selected using random sampling and a cross‐section design. The study findings showed that age and level of education reduce the probability of skipping a meal among internal and international migrant households. Having medical aid is negatively associated with food insecurity – a sign of affordability. Part‐time jobs increase the likelihood of experiencing food insecurity for both internal and international migrants. Access to indigency and government support were associated with a higher probability of food insecurity among international migrants. Government support in food parcels is also associated with food insecurity for internal migrants. In contrast, ethnicity has no statistically significant effect on food security for internal migrants relative to native residents. Policy focus on inclusivity in social service provision, employment access and urban agriculture can likely help improve the food insecurity status of internal and international migrant households in the Gauteng City Region.
A new index for climate‐induced migration uncertainty
Authors: Salisu Sulaiman , Salisu Afees
Published: January 2025

The impact of climate change on the world has been significant, leading to various efforts to reduce its risks. This study aims to create a new index to measure the uncertainty surrounding migration due to climate change. It uses a range of international newspapers with a global readership. Although climate change has increasingly influenced migration decisions in vulnerable areas, there is still a lack of quantitative research exploring this connection, which our study aims to address. The index indicates a growing trend in climate‐induced migration decisions, especially over the last two decades, supporting the study's purpose. We also present empirical results that validate the depressing effect of the uncertainty index on per Capita GDP growth at global, regional and country‐specific levels. The index has various practical applications and can be useful for future research.
Indirect Effects of Self‐Differentiation and Mentalization on Family of Origin Health and Marital Satisfaction Among Korean Adults
Authors: Kim Sunyoung , Woo Sungbum
Published: January 2025

This study explored the structural relationships among family of origin health, self‐differentiation, mentalization, and marital satisfaction, focusing on indirect effects and gender differences. Data from 400 married Korean adults aged 30–49 were analyzed using structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis. Results revealed that all paths were significant except the direct impact of family‐of‐origin health on marital satisfaction. Indirect effects analyses confirmed significant individual and sequential indirect effects of self‐differentiation and mentalization. Gender differences emerged: mentalization significantly influenced marital satisfaction in men but not in women, while family of origin health directly impacted marital satisfaction in women but not in men. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating self‐differentiation and mentalization into couple counseling and suggest the need for gender‐sensitive interventions to address marital satisfaction effectively.
A Comprehensive Study on Adverse Reactions of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) in Dermatological Aesthetics Utilizing the FAERS Database
Authors: Zhou Siyuan , Yan Su , Ming Shaopeng
Published: January 2025

Background

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) is widely used in dermatological aesthetics for treating acne and other skin conditions. However, its potential adverse reactions remain a concern.

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the application of BPO in dermatological aesthetics, analyze its associated adverse reactions, and provide insights into patient safety.

Methods

The study analyzed adverse reaction reports related to BPO in the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System database from 2004 to 2024. Demographic characteristics, types of adverse reactions, and specific issues related to the novel drug EPSOLAY (5% microencapsulated BPO) were examined.

Results

The findings reveal that BPO users are predominantly female (74.18%), with a significant proportion falling within the 18–44 age group (37.45%). The most common adverse reactions involve skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (36.34%), including skin swelling, pain, and burning sensations. Reports on EPSOLAY indicate adverse reactions such as erythema, pruritus, and skin exfoliation, but no tumor‐related reports have been recorded.

Conclusions

BPO usage in dermatological aesthetics is associated with various adverse reactions, primarily affecting the skin. The introduction of EPSOLAY has not altered the adverse reaction profile significantly. However, the risk of BPO decomposing into the carcinogen benzene under certain conditions necessitates enhanced patient education, improved production processes, and continuous post‐marketing surveillance to ensure drug safety.
The hybrid approach to monitoring: a remote Rapid Assessment Protocol (RAP) complements existing monitoring tools for oyster restoration and management
Authors: Tracy Allison M. , Aguilar Rob , Ritter Carmen J. , Heggie Keira , Ogburn Matthew B.
Published: January 2025

Accurate and efficient monitoring of oyster reefs is critical for fisheries management and restoration. However, monitoring subtidal reefs requires labor‐intensive methods, such as sampling by SCUBA divers. A new Rapid Assessment Protocol (RAP) based on the collection of underwater imagery from random replicate points across a reef expands the toolkit for oyster reef monitoring. This study tests how the qualitative RAP compares to existing quantitative monitoring tools to inform approaches that combine methods and improve monitoring. We surveyed paired unrestored harvested reefs and restored sanctuary oyster reefs in the upper, middle, and lower Chesapeake Bay (United States) to compare the RAP to diver‐collected oyster metrics across management types and salinities. At each site, we compared the RAP's categorical habitat scores (based on percent cover and relative reef height in images) with physical metrics from synchronous diver collections, including live oyster density and biomass, on the same reef quadrats (n = 64). High RAP scores successfully captured high oyster density, biomass, reef height, rugosity, and multiple size classes. At lower RAP scores, the physical metrics often differed between RAP scores on unrestored harvested reefs, but not restored sanctuary reefs. This study highlights the value of underwater video in increasing monitoring efficiency with respect to time investment, while providing different habitat data than physical metrics. We describe how the RAP can be used in combination with more intensive, physical monitoring tools for restoration and fisheries management. The results of the RAP can inform oyster management in Chesapeake Bay and can be adapted for use worldwide.
The Novel HLA‐C*01:250 Allele, Identified by Sanger Dideoxy Nucleotide Sequencing in a Chinese Individual
Authors: Yang Hua‐yue , Gong Song‐song , Ma Li , Hu Xiao‐zhuang , Cai Xiao‐hong
Published: January 2025

The HLA‐C*01:250 allele differs from HLA‐C*01:02:01:01 by a single non‐synonymous nucleotide change in exon 7.
Four New Null HLA Alleles Characterised From Bone Marrow Volunteers: B*18:248N, B*54:49N, C*05:303N and C*12:428N
Authors: Loginova Maria , Smirnova Daria , Paramonov Igor
Published: January 2025

Four novel null‐alleles are described from bone marrow donors of Russian Registry.
Clinical Guidelines for Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Pimentel Pedro Antônio Bronhara , Giuliano Antonio , Odatzoglou Petros , Ignatenko Natalia , Wenceslau Raphael Rocha , Almeida Isabella Oliveira , da Silva Paloma Helena Sanches , Costa Mariana de Pádua , Horta Rodrigo dos Santos
Published: January 2025

The treatment of canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) has evolved since its initial description in 1810. Initially considered untreatable in the early 20th century, extensive research over time has significantly advanced our understanding of its aetiopathogenesis. This led to successful chemotherapy treatments, which have shown superior outcomes compared to surgical interventions. Vincristine, in particular, has proven effective in treating CTVT. However, the development of chemoresistance underscores the need to explore alternative therapeutic options. This systematic review provides a comprehensive analysis of CTVT treatment practices from 1950 to 2023, aiming to establish a gold standard and enhance clinical decision‐making. Initially, 3633 studies were identified, with 42 meeting the eligibility criteria. Our findings suggest that vincristine sulphate monotherapy is the recommended first‐line treatment for CTVT. Administering vincristine intravenously at a dosage of 0.5–0.75 mg/m2 weekly for 4–6 sessions resulted in a 93.1% (67.4%–100%) complete response rate in dogs. Extending the treatment to eight sessions increased the complete response rate to 98.9% (83.3%–100%). Radiation therapy, lomustine and doxorubicin are viable second‐line treatment options; however, extensive cohort studies are required to confirm their efficacy in achieving remission in vincristine‐resistant cases. Additionally, no clear criteria could be established for initiating treatment with drugs other than vincristine in previously untreated dogs. Surgery is considered a third‐line option. Notably, complete remission is anticipated following recommended systemic and local therapies in nearly all cases. Despite concerns about chemoresistance, current guidelines indicate a favourable response to suggested treatments even in resistant cases.
Stigma, self‐styling and ‘forced accents’ among English L2 speakers in Spain
Authors: Codó Eva , Collins Carly
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the relationship between shame, stigma and accent for non‐native English speakers in Spain. The low English competence of the Spanish population frequently constitutes a source of individual and collective stigma – which includes the apparent undesirability of Spanish‐sounding English. Drawing on semi‐structured interviews conducted in Barcelona, this paper explores participant perceptions around L2 English and accent. The results show how keenly aware they are of the stigma surrounding Spanish‐sounding English. Also revealed is how some people may engage in stylisation of (American) English in order to reap the benefits of sounding like highly proficient speakers, and to distance themselves from a locally stigmatised English‐speaking persona. These attempts can however backfire, as speakers may potentially be perceived as inauthentically ‘forcing’ an accent. The paper argues for the need to pay close attention to the evolving indexicalities of English and the contrasting social personas in specific localities.
Research on the Emotional Communication Mechanism of Digital News
Authors: Li Xiao , Mahamed Mastura , Bidin Rosmiza
Published: January 2025

As emotional communication gains prominence in digital news production, scholars have increasingly re-examined its relationship with news objectivity. This study investigates how digital technology transforms emotional communication mechanisms, particularly focusing on their narrative and mobilization strategies. Through case analysis and sentiment analysis of 295 award-winning works from the China News Award, the research identifies key mechanisms: voice narratives and positive emotional rhetoric that cultivate specific atmospheres, alongside empathy, personalization, and immersive mobilization that expand audiences' "emotional imagination."On a practical level, emotional communication is reshaping digital journalism by profoundly influencing production, circulation, and audience engagement. Theoretically, it broadens the epistemological and methodological scope of digital journalism, offering guidance for the industry to evolve toward a "human emotional civilization."
An elder millennial in late early career stage
Authors: Seger Kerri D.
Published: January 2025

The “Spanning the Career Stages—A Conversation About Work in Bioacoustics” session will gather participants spanning students to late career professionals to have a conversation about work in bioacoustics. Each participant will give a brief introduction on their background and career path with ample time allotted for Q&A. As an elder millennial, I am currently in the phase between “early career” and “established professional.” Topics will include professional development, the importance of mentors, work/life balance, integrating family into careers, and more. My experience, thus far, will allow me to speak about topics, such as morphing a music/bio undergraduate degree into a more physics-heavy research role, the transition from graduate school through post-doc to industry, mentoring students in my second language, advising as a side gig, and/or lessons learned about how business at a small research start-up differs from a FAANG-style work environment or academia.
Spanning the career stages: 3rd year Ph.D. student
Authors: Eddington Valerie M.
Published: January 2025

I am a 3rd year Ph.D. student at the University of New Hampshire in both the Ecological Acoustics and Behavior Lab and the Quantitative Marine Ecology Lab. This session will gather participants spanning students to late career professionals to have a conversation about work in bioacoustics. Each participant will give a brief introduction on their background and career path with ample time allotted for Q&A. Topics will include professional development, the importance of mentors, work/life balance, integrating family into careers, and more!
IHTA Labs present
Authors: Vorlaender Michael , Fels Janina , Aspoeck Lukas
Published: January 2025

The IHTA at the RWTH Aachen University, Germany, opens its doors for a laboratory tour. It was founded in 1963 under the name ITA. The current directors of the institute are Michael Vorländer (since 1996) and Janina Fels (since 2012). In 2021, the institute was renamed the “Institute of Hearing Technology and Acoustics - IHTA” due to its expanded involvement in interdisciplinary networks, with a focus on hearing research. Since 1963, generations of students of electrical engineering and information technology as well as physicists and mechanical engineers have been trained in graduate courses. Anechoic chambers, virtual reality labs, and other labs focusing on measurement and perception research are presented.
Sonos audio and acoustics lab tour
Authors: Lewis Jerad
Published: January 2025

Sonos’ office in downtown Boston is home to a variety of audio and acoustics labs where smart speakers, soundbars, subwoofers, headphones and installed speaker solutions are developed. This tour will show the 4-pi and 2-pi anechoic chambers, transducer development labs, and listening rooms. This is where the audio, microphone, and acoustical engineering teams develop, measure and listen to these products. In these labs, high-precision measurements are balanced with subjective listening evaluations to develop speaker products.
Acoustic profiling of Guqin music: Exploring the unique sound quality associated with an ancient Chinese musical instrument
Authors: Tian Jiarui , Ng Manwa L.
Published: January 2025

Similar to speaking, production music using an instrument is also governed by the Source-Filter Theory---all sounds are produced as a product of source and filter. While Western musical instruments have been studied extensively, research on ancient Chinese musical instruments including guqin is scarce. With a history of over 3000 years, the quality of guqin music is characterized by a unique resonant timbre and subtle tonal variations. Its intricate playing techniques such as plucking and sliding also allow generation of sounds of distinct properties, contributing to its elegance, tranquility, and sublimate quality. To objectively describe and quantify guqin’s timbre, the present study will attempt to objectively describe the timbre of guqin’s music by analyzing its sounds using a number of time- and frequency-domain parameters including frequency, amplitude, perturbation, spectral contents, etc. It aims to highlight the guqin’s distinctive acoustic characteristics in order to deepen our understanding of sound produced with this ancient Chinese musical instrument.
Effect of years of voice training on chest and head register tongue shape variability
Authors: Song Jiu , Su Jaida , Islam Jahurul , Gick Bryan
Published: January 2025

The transition between head and chest registers in operatic singing has been linked to adjustments in the larynx [Henrich, 2006, LPV 31], vocal tract length [Tokuda et al., 2010, JASA 127], and resonance frequencies [Echternach et al., 2011, JASA 129]. Research on supralaryngeal articulator differences, specifically midsagittal tongue shape differences, during this transition is limited. Our previous case study showed a higher tongue dorsum in head voice for low and mid vowels compared to chest voice [Bengtson et al., 2023, CAA 51]. The current study with ten participants (8 female, 1 non-binary, 1 male, aged 19–23) further explores this and the effect of the years of vocal training. Participants were recorded performing a chromatic scale through their register transition, followed by a whole-tone scale in each register, with both tasks repeated twice on each of seven vowels (/a, e, o, ɚ, i, u, y/). The hypothesis is that vowel-dependent tongue adjustments would be observed, with more experienced singers displaying smaller differences between registers. Tongue shapes were traced using DeepEdge, and target frames were extracted [Chen et al., 2020, ISSP 2020]. Preliminary analysis indicates that the tongue dorsum is lower for chest voice and for participants with more years of voice training.
Environmental noise reduction by sonic crystals barrier
Authors: Qiao Xiaoru , Choy Yat Sze
Published: January 2025

Noise barrier is widely applied as an effective approach to improve life quality of people by mitigating environmental noise that comes with booming transportation and urbanization. Compared with conventional noise barriers, sonic-crystal-based barriers stands out because of better noise mitigation performance at lower frequency while avoiding excessive airflow and visual obstruction. However, large thickness owing to multi-layer structure remains a challenge for practical application of sonic-crystal-based barriers. According to the generalized Snell’s law, a compact barrier composed by the novel shadowed-C-shaped (SCS) unit cells is designed with a much smaller lattice constant. Furthermore, the SCS unit cell is optimized to achieve broader band gaps in the frequency range below 5kH based on the Bloch’s theorem, thus improving the noise reduction performance. Simulation results show that the insertion loss of the optimal barrier is over 10 dB in broader band, especially around 800 and 1210 Hz. It is verified that the experimental insertion loss is basically consistent with the numerical results. The sonic-crystal-based barrier for traffic noise control in a compact thickness also shows a promising potential to be applied to various scenarios of noise control.
Measurement and mitigation for impulse noise from Pickleball Courts
Authors: Boren Braxton
Published: January 2025

Pickleball is one of the fastest-growing sports in America, and many municipalities have converted tennis courts for pickleball in the past decade. However, the hard plastic ball and hard racquet yields a high-frequency impulsive noise with energy centered near 1200 Hz which is quite different from the low-frequency modal resonance of a tennis racquet. As a result, pickleball noise tends to result in much greater community annoyance than tennis noise from a similar distance since the human ear is more sensitive in that frequency range. However, the relatively short wavelength of pickleball noise also means that it is more easily obstructed by barriers and absorbed by the atmosphere. This study examines some case studies of pickleball noise mitigation and some general principles that are raised in the diffracted versus obstructed path. In addition, the question of the most appropriate metrics for pickleball sound are considered given the brief duration of pickleball hits.
Managing the noise environment in the context of densification: Issues, expertise, methods, and limits
Authors: Germain Lucas , Apparicio Philippe , Hubert Frédéric , Leroux Tony , Migneron Jean-Philippe , Brochu Johanne
Published: January 2025

Urban densification is often proposed as a solution to ecological problems. Various densification models are studied in the literature, but noise aspects are often neglected. Based on a case study in Quebec City, environmental noise assessment methods (manual and automatic surveys, simulation, etc.) have been explored to identify the skills, expertise, and data needed to integrate the noise dimension into densification projects, and how to choose a model suited to the urban planning context. The availability and quality of data will also be assessed to identify any gaps. Using a combination of morphological analysis and sound simulations, the results will provide a better understanding of the influence of sound quality on densification choices. A discussion about the implications for sustainable urban planning and residents' quality of life, as well as the criteria to be considered in densification strategies to integrate the noise environment effectively. This project will provide answers on the impact of densification models on the noise environment and urban quality of life and allow the development of a framework for improved urban practices.
Testing a spiral beamforming array for airborne acoustics
Authors: Stengrim Matthew , Faircloth Heath , Wagner Brielle , Ryan Teresa J. , Vignola Joseph , Turo Diego , Hubbard Seth
Published: January 2025

Airborne acoustic signature characterization of watercraft is one of the interests of Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division (NSWCCD). A twenty-element planar spiral array was recently designed for this purpose. In June 2024, the system was used in a collaborative measurement campaign with East Carolina University in Wanchese, NC. The array was fixed to an offshore platform and recorded pure tone bursts of 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz from a Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD) positioned at ranges from 250 m up to 2 km. Within a 10 min period, estimations of transmission loss and SNR in upward refraction cases varied by 10–20 dB for each frequency. Using a MATLAB-based time delay beamformer, SNRs typically increased by up to 5–10 dB. Broadside and off-angle results are discussed.
Ultrasonic phased array testing to quantify material texture for metal additive manufacturing
Authors: Soneson Geoffrey R. , Matz Nathanial , Turner Joseph A.
Published: January 2025

Metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes result in complex microstructures, porosity, material texture, and residual stresses. These properties may vary throughout AM parts. Ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) is essential for understanding the processes leading to these variations. However, the use of single-element transducers to scan AM parts with complex geometries can be challenging. Such measurements may require multiple scans to level a surface or excite various wave types within a part. On the contrary, phased array ultrasonic transducers (PAUTs) can be much more efficient for these studies. In this presentation, custom AM sample designs are discussed which allow multiple ultrasonic wave speeds to be measured using a PAUT. The manufactured samples were assessed with the sectorial scan feature of the PAUT to scan multiple positions and directions quickly without moving the probe. Data from these scans were then used to estimate material wave speeds, material texture, and residual stress along multiple directions within the samples. The results from these scans were also compared with experiments that used single-element ultrasonic transducers. This presentation will describe the sample designs, the experiments, and the analysis in order to highlight the usefulness of PAUTs for scanning AM parts.
A key figure in cochlear nonlinearity
Authors: Strickland Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2025

A figure that has had a huge influence on my research, and that I still use often, is Fig. 7 from a paper entitled “Basilar-membrane responses to tones at the base of the chinchilla cochlea” (Ruggero et al., 1997, JASA 101(4), 2151–2163). This figure shows that the velocity of the response of the basilar membrane grows compressively for a tone at the characteristic frequency and linearly for tones below the characteristic frequency. This was not the first study to show this effect, but because of the technique the experimenters used, they were able to cover a larger range of input levels than some previous studies. The figure is also very clear because of the plotting style used. This type of figure has been important in psychoacoustics in explaining how masking by a masker well below a signal frequency can be used to measure compression in the cochlea.
Enhancing sound absorption through geometric symmetry alterations in additively manufactured triply periodic minimal surface structures
Authors: Godakawela Janith , Sharma Bhisham
Published: January 2025

Cellular structures are essential for sound attenuation in various industrial and commercial applications. The stochastic nature of traditional foams makes it challenging to tailor their properties for specific applications. Additively manufactured Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) structures have emerged as a promising alternative for sound absorption applications. These structures offer customizable sound absorption capabilities due to their unique geometric properties and porosity. While traditional methods such as altering porosity and introducing gradients have been used to modify their acoustic properties, they often lead to increased weight and fabrication difficulties. We propose leveraging their mathematical formulation to alter the inherent symmetry of TPMS structures as a novel approach to manipulate their acoustic properties. This allows property enhancement and customization without the weight penalties or fabrication complications associated with traditional methods. In this study, the samples are fabricated using the stereolithography additive manufacturing method and are tested for their sound absorption properties using the two-microphone normal incidence method. Current results demonstrate that specific alterations in geometric symmetry can significantly improve sound absorption properties, making it possible to tailor absorption characteristics in designing acoustic liners for specific applications.
Estimating effective elastic properties of 3-D printed specimens using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy
Authors: Masud Abdullah Al , Liu Jingfei , Egan Paul F. , Fisher Karl A.
Published: January 2025

This work continues the investigation of resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) as a method to characterize the elastic properties of 3-D printed lattice structures. Here, we are focused on lattices fabricated using stereolithography (SLA) with a polyurethane-like resin (Amber) and featuring beam-based unit cells. The RUS analysis leverages the assumption that the diagnostic ultrasound wavelength exceeds the characteristic dimensions of the unit cell. This allows us to treat the 3-D printed structure as a transversely isotropic continuum with effective material properties reflecting the underlying unit cell symmetry. The RUS technique retrieves the five elastic constants for these structures, which are subsequently employed to calculate the elastic moduli. We further compare the elastic coefficients obtained via RUS from both numerical simulations (finite element analysis) and experimental measurements of the eigenmodes. Initial results demonstrate good agreement between experiments and models, highlighting the potential of RUS as a valuable tool for characterizing the elastic behavior of resin-based lattices.
Unveiling nonlinear phi-bit dynamics in elastic systems: Advancing quantum-inspired computing
Authors: Faiaz Abrar Nur E. , Ige Akinsanmi S. , Mahmood Kazi Tahsin , Hasan M. Afridi , Hasan M. Arif , Deymier Pierre A. , Runge Keith , Levine Joshua A.
Published: January 2025

Phi-bits, the classical mechanical analogs of qubits, play a pivotal role in the development of quantum-analog computing systems. Understanding the nonlinear processes governing control and interconnectivity among phi-bits is imperative for their advancement. These phi-bits, existing as acoustic waves within arrays of interconnected waveguides, exhibit a remarkable ability to maintain coherent superpositions of two states under external nonlinear driving forces. Manipulating the frequency, amplitude, and phase of external drivers allows precise control over phi-bit states. To analyze and predict the nonlinear response of phi-bits to external stimuli, we have developed a discrete element model. This model comprehensively captures various types, strengths, and orders of nonlinearities stemming from intrinsic medium coupling between waveguides and external factors like signal generators, transducers, and ultrasonic couplant assemblies. Our study unveils significant insight, highlighting how nonlinearity type, strength, order, and damping impact the complex amplitudes' modulus and phases in the coherent superposition of phi-bit states, with a notable impact on their predictability and stability, particularly at high damping levels. This investigation explores the controlled creation of phi-bits to observe the superposition of states, essential for advancing phi-bit-based quantum analogue information processing platforms.