bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate change adaptation and economic profitability: crop land shifting to mango orchard in Rajshahi region
Authors: Sarker FIMGW , Biswas JC , Maniruzzaman M
Published: April 2015

Barind ecosystem (Rajshahi Region) is unfavourable for field crop production but suitable for production of fruits like mango, litchi and jujube etc. Thus, an investigation was made to find out the causes, challenges and opportunity of crop land shift to mango orchard in Barind areas. A total of 85 mango growing farmers were randomly selected for interviewing. The dominant mango orchard based patterns are: i) Wheat-Fallow-T. Aman (30%); and ii) Mustard-Fallow-T. Amam (29%). About 75% farmers are transforming crop land into mango orchard because of water scarcity, high profitability, easy cultivation process, land suitability and favourable environment for mango cultivation. Mango farmers obtained on average 231 kg/ha yield in 1st quarter (year 1-3) and then production increased sharply and reached 2,190 kg/ha in 5th quarter (year 13-15). The highest gross return of mango was found in the 5th quarter. The estimated net present worth (NPW) of the project was Tk 99,588 per hectare, which indicates that mango cultivation was profitable in Rajshahi area. The internal rate of return (IRR) was 28%, which is higher than the opportunity cost of capital. However, increasing life span of mango orchard increases yield loss of both rice and non-rice crops. In 11-year-old mango orchard, intercrop yield reduced drastically (65%). More than 83% farmers obtained increased income and about 67% achieved better livelihoods due to mango cultivation. However, there is a possibility to decrease food grain, pulses, oil seed and vegetable production in the long run. Therefore, planned mango cultivation is needed along with ensured credit facilities through both institutional and non-institutional sources for mango cultivation, preservation and marketing.Bangladesh Rice j. 2014, 18(1&2): 8-17
Productivity and preference of salt tolerant Boro rice varieties in saline non-gher and gher ecosystems
Authors: Rashid Md Harunur , Nasrin Shama
Published: April 2015

Use of marginal coastal saline lands for rice cultivation is one of the options to sustain the net rice cropped area and rice production. On-farm farmers participatory field trial was conducted in Bangladesh during 2012 and 2013 in non-gher and gher of medium saline ecosystems. The objective of the study was to identify suitable Boro variety for medium saline soils. Salt tolerant rice varieties, BRRI dhan47 and Binadhan-8 were evaluated along with widely adopted BRRI dhan28 in non-gher area. BRRI dha47, Binadhan-8 and Binadhan-10 were tested in saline ghers. Crops were irrigated with water of 1.89 to 3.5 dS m-1 at different growth stages respectively. In saline non-gher, where soil salinity went up to 6.35 dS m-1, the highest grain yield was produced by Binadhan-8 (4.57 t ha-1) followed by BRRI dhan28 (4.23 t ha-1). The highest grain yield was recorded in Binadhan-10 (5.14 t ha-1) in ghers which was 6 and 12% higher than BRRI dhan47 and Binadhan-8 respectively at soil salinity of 7.43 dS m-1. Farmers preferred Binadhan-10 as a salt tolerant variety for its higher grain yield and medium grain quality.Bangladesh Rice j. 2014, 18(1&2): 18-23
Salinity tolerance of some elite rice breeding lines at reproductive stage
Authors: Akter S , Yasmeen R , Ahmed HU , Sarker MRA , Rahman MS
Published: April 2015

Rice is relatively sensitive to salinity at reproductive stage. Screening of rice cultivars for salt tolerance at the reproductive stage is difficult at field conditions because of the heterogeneity of soil salinity. The present investigation aimed to characterize reproductive growth and yield potential of elite breeding lines in controlled saline environment at net house conditions. The experiment involved three advanced breeding lines, BR7100-R-6-6, IR78794-B-Sal29-1 and IR59418-7B-21-3 and a salt-tolerant check (BRRI dhan47) and susceptible check (BRRI dhan28) under four salinity levels (0, 4, 8, and 12 dS/m) at reproductive stage. The factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications. Salinity × genotypes demonstrated significant interactions on some yield contributing characters and grain yield. Salinity stresses, at 8 and 12 dS/m, decreased plant height, tiller and panicle numbers, panicle length, filled grain number and grain yields of all the tested genotypes in different magnitude. The breeding line IR59418-7B-21-3 performed greater tolerance to salinity than other tested lines and check varieties. At 8 dS/m IR59418-7B-21-3 produced 72% relative grain yield compared to that of 31% in BRRI dhan47. The breeding lines, BR7100-R-6-6 and IR78794-B-Sal29-1 produced 40 and 59% relative grain yield respectively, at 8 dS/m. At 12 dS/m, all the tested genotypes produced less than 20% relative grain yield. Based on the salinity pressure (8 dS/m) at the reproductive stage, IR59418-7B-21-3 produced 68% higher yield than that of BRRI dhan47. BR7100-R-6-6 and IR78794-B-Sal29-1 out yielded BRRI dhan47 by 45 and 49% respectively. All the three breeding lines performed better than that of BRRI dhan47 in terms of salinity tolerance at the reproductive stage.Bangladesh Rice j. 2014, 18(1&2): 33-37
GIS Analysis of Changes in Ecological Vulnerability Using a SPCA Model in the Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi, China
Authors: Hou Kang , Li Xuxiang , Zhang Jing
Published: April 2015

Changes in ecological vulnerability were analyzed for Northern Shaanxi, China using a geographic information system (GIS). An evaluation model was developed using a spatial principal component analysis (SPCA) model containing land use, soil erosion, topography, climate, vegetation and social economy variables. Using this model, an ecological vulnerability index was computed for the research region. Using natural breaks classification (NBC), the evaluation results were divided into five types: potential, slight, light, medium and heavy. The results indicate that there is greater than average optimism about the conditions of the study region, and the ecological vulnerability index (EVI) of the southern eight counties is lower than that of the northern twelve counties. From 1997 to 2011, the ecological vulnerability index gradually decreased, which means that environmental security was gradually enhanced, although there are still some places that have gradually deteriorated over the past 15 years. In the study area, government and economic factors and precipitation are the main reasons for the changes in ecological vulnerability.
Extracellular vesicle in vivo biodistribution is determined by cell source, route of administration and targeting
Authors: Wiklander Oscar P. B. , Nordin Joel Z. , O'Loughlin Aisling , Gustafsson Ylva , Corso Giulia , Mäger Imre , Vader Pieter , Lee Yi , Sork Helena , Seow Yiqi , Heldring Nina , Alvarez‐Erviti Lydia , Smith CI Edvard , Le Blanc Katarina , Macchiarini Paolo , Jungebluth Philipp , Wood Matthew J. A. , Andaloussi Samir EL
Published: April 2015

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication in a diverse range of biological processes. For future therapeutic applications and for EV biology research in general, understanding the in vivo fate of EVs is of utmost importance. Here we studied biodistribution of EVs in mice after systemic delivery. EVs were isolated from 3 different mouse cell sources, including dendritic cells (DCs) derived from bone marrow, and labelled with a near‐infrared lipophilic dye. Xenotransplantation of EVs was further carried out for cross‐species comparison. The reliability of the labelling technique was confirmed by sucrose gradient fractionation, organ perfusion and further supported by immunohistochemical staining using CD63‐EGFP probed vesicles. While vesicles accumulated mainly in liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and lungs, differences related to EV cell origin were detected. EVs accumulated in the tumour tissue of tumour‐bearing mice and, after introduction of the rabies virus glycoprotein‐targeting moiety, they were found more readily in acetylcholine‐receptor‐rich organs. In addition, the route of administration and the dose of injected EVs influenced the biodistribution pattern. This is the first extensive biodistribution investigation of EVs comparing the impact of several different variables, the results of which have implications for the design and feasibility of therapeutic studies using EVs.
Guidelines on the Use of Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Patients with Peritoneal Surface Malignancy Arising from Colorectal or Appendiceal Neoplasms
Authors: Dubé P. , Sideris L. , Law C. , Mack L. , Haase E. , Giacomantonio C. , Govindarajan A. , Krzyzanowska M.K. , Major P. , McConnell Y. , Temple W. , Younan R. , McCart J.A.
Published: April 2015

To meet the needs of patients, Canadian surgical and medical oncology leaders in the treatment of peritoneal surface malignancies (PSMS), together with patient representatives, formed the Canadian HIPEC Collaborative Group (CHICG). The group is dedicated to standardizing and improving the treatment of PSM in Canada so that access to treatment and, ultimately, the prognosis of Canadian patients with PSM are improved. Patients with resectable PSM arising from colorectal or appendiceal neoplasms should be reviewed by a multidisciplinary team including surgeons and medical oncologists with experience in treating patients with PSM. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy should be offered to appropriately selected patients and performed at experienced centres. The aim of this publication is to present guidelines that we recommend be applied across the country for the treatment of PSM.
A Case of Transfusion Independence in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome Using Deferasirox, Sustained for Two Years after Stopping Therapy
Authors: Sanford D. , Hsia C.C.
Published: April 2015

Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) experience clinical complications related to progressive marrow failure and have an increased risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia. Frequent red blood cell transfusion can lead to clinical iron overload and is associated with decreased survival in MDS patients. Iron chelation therapy reduces markers of iron overload and prevents end-organ damage. Here, we present the case of a patient with lowrisk MDS with transfusional iron overload. He was treated for 2 years with an oral iron chelator, deferasirox, and after 12 months of treatment, he experienced a hemoglobin increase of more than 50 g/L, becoming transfusion-independent. He has remained transfusion-independent, with a normal hemoglobin level, for more than 2 years since stopping chelation therapy. Hematologic and erythroid responses have previously been reported in MDS patients treated with iron chelation. The durability of our patient’s response suggests that iron chelation might alter the natural history of MDS in some patients.
Canadian Cancer Screening Disparities: A Recent Historical Perspective
Authors: Kerner J. , Liu J. , Wang K. , Fung S. , Landry C. , Lockwood G. , Zitzelsberger L , Mai V.
Published: April 2015

Across Canada, introduction of the Pap test for cervical cancer screening, followed by mammography for breast cancer screening and, more recently, the fecal occult blood test for colorectal cancer screening, has contributed to a reduction in cancer mortality. However, another contribution of screening has been disparities in cancer mortality between certain populations. Here, we explore the disparities associated with breast and cervical cancer screening and preliminary data concerning disparities in colorectal cancer screening. Although some disparities in screening utilization have been successfully reduced over time (for example, mammography and Pap test screening in rural and remote populations), screening utilization data for other populations (for example, low-income groups) clearly indicate that disparities have existed and continue to exist across Canada. Organized screening programs in Canada have been able to successfully engage 80% of women for regular cervical cancer screening and 70% of women for regular mammography screening, but of the women who remain to be reached or engaged in regular screening, those with the least resources, those who are the most isolated, and those who are least culturally integrated into Canadian society as a whole are overrepresented. Population differences are also observed for utilization of colorectal cancer screening services. The research literature on interventions to promote screening utilization provides some evidence about what can be done to increase participation in organized screening by vulnerable populations. Adaption and adoption of evidence-based screening promotion interventions can increase the utilization of available screening services by populations that have experienced the greatest burden of disease with the least access to screening services.
The Value-for-Money of Adjuvant Aromatase Inhibitors: Time to Put the Debate to Rest?
Authors: Younis T. , Groom A.
Published: April 2015

The adoption of costly treatments in public health care systems, such as exists in Canada, must take into account their “clinical benefit to side effect” profiles and “value for money” in an attempt to maximize health gains within current budget constraints [...]
A STUDY ON ECOTECT APPLICATION OF LOCAL CLIMATE AT A RESIDENTIAL AREA IN CHUNCHEON, KOREA
Authors: WU Qian , JO Hyun-Kil
Published: April 2015

The local climate data were investigated at a residential area in Chuncheon from May to October in 2013.In addition, the simulations were carried out by the Autodesk Ecotect Analysis tool. Site A had the lowest temperature in summer. The best building orientation was south by east 157.5°. Based on the photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) values day-neutral species should be planted around sites C and E, shade-tolerant species around site D and helioplous species around sites A and B. In addition, site A is the most comfortable place in the residential area with a predicted mean vote (PMV) value around 0. It was found that there were four main aspects to be considered for the residential designs which were building height, land cover, planting design and building orientation. Moreover, the results showed that local climate and shading conditions should be of great concern in design or improvement of residential areas.
A Pilot Study: Vital Methodological Issues
Authors: Hazzi Osama , Maldaon Issa
Published: April 2015

A pilot study represents a vital step for conducting a full-fledged study soundly. In fact, a well-conducted pilot study can help the researchers to design a clear road map they can follow. Conducting a pilot study professionally, however, involves vital quantitative methodological issues (i.e., Back-Translation, Missing Data, Normality, and Reliability) the researchers had better take into account when conducting the pilot study and before embarking the main one. Unfortunately, such issues are neglected in many researches as well as barely addressed together in a one work in research papers. From the literature and the experience, the present work aims to address the most recommended practices of such methodological issues providing at the same time the best practices for new researchers and scholars alike, with a view to reduce the loss of suffered by research community when such issues and practices remain unpublished together. Suggestions and thoughts were also demonstrated in this work for further researches. Finally, the importance of such research for business sector was also demonstrated in this work.
Intellectual Capital Approach to Modern Management through the Perspective of a Company’s Value Added
Authors: Survilaitė Simona , Tamošiūnienė Rima , Shatrevich Vladimir
Published: April 2015

The importance of value creation in small and medium-sized business companies has always been in focus. The changing environment makes a strong impact on all companies all over the world. Nowadays, the value added, which is created by the company, not only depends on tangible but also on intangible assets. It is not enough just to manage internal resources to be efficient or generate high value added. Knowledge and information as an important tool for the management of the external environment have become a new factor of a company. Since elements of the intellectual capital system are intangible and hardly measurable in company’s value added, this paper aims to create a model for the analysis of the creation of a company’s value added through intellectual capital. Subsequent to the review of literature on value creation and management, the authors proposed a model for value creation through intermediate, which presented three main elements of value added creation.
Methodology and Warm Prestressing Effect for Pressurized Thermal Shock Analysis in Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Qian Gui An , Niffenegger Markus
Published: April 2015

One potential challenge to the integrity of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) in a pressurized water reactor is posed by pressurized thermal shock (PTS). Therefore, the safety of the RPV with regard to neutron embrittlement has to be analyzed. In this paper, the procedure and method for the structural integrity analysis of RPV subjected to PTS is presented. The FAVOR code is applied to calculate the probabilities for crack initiation and failure by considering crack distributions based on cracks observed in the Shoreham and PVRUF RPVs in the U.S. A local approach to fracture, i.e. the σ*-A* model is used to predict the warm prestressing (WPS) effect on the RPV integrity. The results show that the remaining stress contributes to the WPS effect, whereas the increase of fracture toughness is not completely attributed to the remaining stress. The modeled load paths predict a material toughness increase of 30-100%.
Statistical Analysis and Reliability Prediction of Creep Rupture Strength and Life for DZ125 Superalloy
Authors: Dong Cheng Li , Li Ying , Yu Hui Chen
Published: April 2015

This paper presents the reliability analysis of the creep rupture strength and long-term life of a directionally solidified nickel-base superalloy, DZ125, which is widely used for manufacturing turbine blades of advanced aeroengines. A number of creep rupture experiments of DZ125 alloy are carried out at 760oC, 850oC, 980oC and 1040oC. Larson-Miller (L-M for short) parameter is used to predict the long-term creep life and a master curve in the L-M parameter is obtained. A “Z-parameter” model is employed to characterize the magnitude of the deviation of the creep rupture data to a master curve. The “Z-parameter” of DZ125 alloy followed Gaussian distribution which is verified by Chi-square testing. Based on the “Z-parameter” model, the curves of Stress-TTP (i.e. Time-temperature parameter)-Reliability, Stress-Life-Reliability and Allowable Stress-Temperature-Reliability are obtained to predict the creep rupture strength and life for DZ125 alloy.
Finite Element Analysis of Bolted Flanged Joints Subjected to External Loads
Authors: Wang He Hui , Feng Ya Juan , Zhu Wen Min , Zhang Zhi Ming
Published: April 2015

Since external loads affect the sealing performance of bolted flanged joints, this paper calculated external loads of bolted flanged joints by using CAESAR II software and evaluated the effects of external loads on the sealing performance from the viewpoint of changes in contact gasket stress and flange rotation by using ANSYS software. The FE results showed that the contact gasket stress decreases a lot at the tension side and increases a little at the compression side. The paper also evaluated the stress distribution in bolted flanged joints subjected to external loads. The results suggested that the flange rotation and the overall stress increased compared with that of flange without external loads. External loads can induce unexpected leakage and strength failure of the bolted flanged joints during operation.
Design of the Equal-Loading Butt Joint for CF62 Steel
Authors: Qian Yu Wen , Zhao Jian Ping
Published: April 2015

High-strength steel is often used in the design and manufacture of the pressure vessel and the failure accident often happens in the weld area after used. CF62 is chosen in this paper which is the large-scale sphere steel for manufacture and the equal-loading butt joint of whose three different sizes are designed. The weld simulations of the equal-loading joints are made by 3D FEM, then the residual stress distributions and the influence of the thickness are analyzed in this paper. The results show that the equal-loading butt joint's weld toe is without stress concentration and the equal-loading butt joint can reduce the residual stress during the welding process. The thinner equal-loading butt joint has the lower residual stress. The joint designed by the equivalent Von Mises calculation has the lower stress than the one designed by the maximum stress calculation as well and the same as the weld toe's stress concentration. But the half reinforcement width of the maximum stress calculation butt joint is smaller than that of the equivalent Von Mises joint and whose welding electrode is economical, so the maximum stress equal-loading joint fits the engineering practical more.
Drawing and Forming Parameters of Tailor-Welded Plates of High Strength Steel in Nonuniform Thickness
Authors: Jiang Min Zhu , Gong Hong Ying , Wang Bin , Wang Si Fan , Li Hui Xiao , Qiu Dan Dan
Published: April 2015

A drawing and forming technology is studied in this paper for a typical cylindrical component made by high strength steel plates of B340/590 and B400/780 with differential thickness. A finite element analysis is carried out using the software Dynaform to investigate the drawing and forming process of the cylinder. Some processing parameters obtained from the simulation are compared with the data from experiments. The results show that the effective control of blank sizes, holder force and loading modes can improve the thinning ratio of the tailor-welded materials. The drawing limit coefficient m=0.53 is determined by the test. The whole results are well matched in numerical simulations and physical experiments.
Analytical and Experimental Study of Gear Surface Micropitting Due to Variable Loading
Authors: Long Hui , Al-Tubi I.S. , Martinze M.T.M.
Published: April 2015

This paper presents an investigation of the effect of load variation on gear tooth surface micropitting, for an application in planet gears in a wind turbine gearbox. To study the effect of load variation, two methods are employed: an experimental testing of gear micropitting under variable loading and a probabilistic analysis of gear contact stress and specific lubricant film thickness variations using the ISO Technical Report ISO/TR 15144-1:2010. The load variation of wind turbine gearbox is derived from SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) data recorded in operation. Both experimental and analytical results show that high levels of contact stress, load variations and repeated load cycles are determinant factors for the initiation and propagation of micropitting of gear tooth surfaces.
Elastoplasticity 2D Problems: Numerical Applications of the Tikhonov Regularization Method
Authors: Pinto Silva Thales Augusto Barbosa , de Deus Hilbeth Parente Azikri , da Silva Claudio Roberto Ávila
Published: April 2015

The numerical simulation is widely used, in now days, to verify the viability and to optimize structural mechanic designs. The numerical approach of elastoplastic materials can found some problems related to ill-conditioning of matrices (from FEM systems), associated to the critical points from the snap through or snap back shape of the equilibrium curve. Aiming to overcome this misfortune it is proposed a strategy via Tikhonov regularization method in association with L-curve technique to determine the regularization parameter. This strategy can be used in many numerical applications for structural analysis. The theoretical development about these Some numerical examples are presented to attest the efficiency of this proposed approach.
Considering the Friction Equilibrium of an Elastic Rod Constrained to a Cylinder
Authors: Liu Zhao , Qian Xi Ying , Qu Jia Le
Published: April 2015

Considering the friction and discussing equilibrium of an Elastic Rod constrained to a Cylinder based on the Kirchhoff theory [1].Firstly take Euler angles as variables which describe the attitude of the cross section, establish a simple and clearly physical meanings mathematics model and balance equations, then considering smooth and nonsmooth contact, discuss the balance of an elastic rod constrained to a cylinder under special condition, give its analytical integration [2] and numerical integration, drawing and analysis the influence of force to the shape of an elastic rod constrained to a cylinder.
Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Ternary Polymer Blends Containing Liquid Crystalline Ionomers with Different Ionic Group
Authors: Xu Xin Yu , Zhou Zheng Long
Published: April 2015

Three side-chain liquid crystalline ionomers (SLCIs) with sulfonic group (SLCI-S), quaternary ammonium salt group (SLCI-N), and carboxylic group (SLCI-C) were synthesized by graft copolymerization upon polymethylhydrosiloxane, respectively. The SLCIs were used to blend with poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and polypropylene (PP). The morphological structure and mechanical properties of the blends were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM results indicated that the addition of SLCIs lead to finer and better dispersion of PP polymer in the blends relative to the blends with no SLCIs added. The compatibilization of SLCIs in the blends were in the increasing order of SLCI-S> SLCI-N> SLCI-C, which was due to the specify interaction between SLCIs and PBT increased with the increasing order of SLCI-S>SLCI-N>SLCI-C. The mechanical properties were improved when the proper amount of SLCI was added, which enabled improve adhesion at the interface. The mechanical property of PBT/PP/SLCI-S was higher than that of PBT/PP/SLCI-N, which was higher than that of PBT/PP/SLCI-C.
Ballistic Impact Experiments and Numerical Modelling of Parts of Sandwich Armor
Authors: Sháněl Vít , Španiel Miroslav
Published: April 2015

This paper presents some experimental results of a bullet impact on composite armor together with numerical modeling approaches. The development of light composite sandwiches for ballistic protection is the target of a project in terms of which the research is being conducted. Traditionally, a vehicle ballistic protection is mainly achieved through metal-based armor which is extremely heavy, hence the increasing popularity of composite sandwiches. Numerical simulations allow for a reduction of the number of experiments needed to obtain appropriate design of ballistic protection, but they require verified modeling approaches and proper material data. Therefore, different modelling approaches for both parts of the composite sandwich have been tested and possibilities to adjust these models to experimental data were investigated.
Optimization of Heat Treatment of Castings
Authors: Duchek Michal , Tikal Filip , Nachazel Jan , Martinek Bozik
Published: April 2015

The use of various types of software for rapid identification of potential problems in manufacturing processes is becoming ever more popular. One of such programs is DEFORM, simulation software for forming and heat treatment processes. The purpose of this study was to construct a 3D model of a specific casting, to identify its critical locations and then select the optimum heat treatment procedure preventing cracking. Results of this work include a detailed analysis of stress and temperature fields in the cast part.
Influence of QPQ Salt Bath Composite Processing on Microstructure and Property of a Certain Type Aviation Piston Engine Ring
Authors: Lu Jun Wen , Wang Qian Ying , Zheng Bo
Published: April 2015

QPQ salt bath treatment of a certain type aviation piston engine ring was conducted by nitriding (570°C, 180 min), followed by the post-oxidation process (400°C, 20 min), polishing, the second post-oxidation (370°C, 20 min). Characterization of modified surface layers was made by means of optical microscopy, micro-hardness test, corrosion and wear resistance test. The results showed the formation of a very thin oxide layer during post-oxidation on the top of the black nitrides compound layer formed during nitriding. The maximum micro-hardness value of 592 HV was obtained after nitriding at 570°C for 180 min, which was nearly twice higher than that of the untreated sample. The wear resistance of ring could be significantly improved by QPQ complex salt bath treatment, which is almost 5 times higher than that of the untreated sample.
Unprotected Loss of Flow Accident in Small Long Life Gas Cooled Fast Reactor
Authors: Zaki Su'ud
Published: April 2015

In post Fukushima nuclear accidents inherent safety capability is necessary against some standard accidents such as unprotected loss of flow (ULOF), unprotected rod run-out transient over power (UTOP), unprotected loss of heat sink (ULOHS). Gas cooled fast reactors is one of the important candidate of 4th generation nuclear power plant and in this paper the safety analysis related to unprotected loss of flow in small long life gas cooled fast reactors has been performed. Accident analysis of unprotected loss of flow include coupled neutronic and thermal hydraulic analysis which include adiabatic model in nodal approach of time dependent multigroup diffusion equations. The thermal hydraulic model include transient model in the core, steam generator, and related systems. Natural circulation based heat removal system is important to ensure inherent safety capability during unprotected accidents. Therefore the system similar to RVACS (reactor vessel auxiliary cooling system) is investigated. As the results some simulations for small 60 MWt gas cooled fast reactors has been performed and the results show that the reactor can anticipate complete pumping failure inherently by reducing power through reactivity feedback and remove the rest of heat through natural circulations.
Analysis of Computer-Aided Design Software Used in Home Textiles of Digital Design
Authors: Feng Bin , Deng Hai Lian , Yang Li Ping
Published: April 2015

This paper will discuss computer-aided design software use in textile design, from the development of computer-aided design applications and home textiles design, software is the core of computer-aided design in textile design, graphic combined with three-dimensional software, building the systematic of home textiles design and computer-aided design to enhance the artistic beauty of textile design. Secondly, introduce the two-dimensional and three-dimensional software application in fabric pattern and textile design. We can see the convenience of computer-aided design, which combines technology and art in one. And from the comparison of plane and solid software, both proposed to build a systematic mutual, for textile design, which is based on the performance requirements and the effect of artistic design, and the theoretical analysis of consumer purchase intention and behavior; and discussing from the beauty of color、 formal and spatial three aspects of computer-aided design to enhance the artistic beauty of textile design.
3D Unsteady Convection Problems via LSFEM Solver
Authors: Claro Romão Estaner , de Moura Luiz Felipe Mendes
Published: April 2015

In this paper, an important study on the application of the α family of temporal discretization is presented. For spatial discretization, the Least Squares Finite Element Method (LSFEM) is used. It is expected that this study can be able to advance several other studies within the domain of numerical simulation of physical problems. It is important to note that for all applications we will use a mesh that is considered gross, with the purpose of presenting a method that is robust, precise and mainly computationally economic.
A Primary Study of Torch Brazing Pure Aluminum with Al-Si-Ge-Zn Solders
Authors: Niu Zhi Wei , Huang Ji Hua , Yang Hao , Chen Shu Hai , Wang Qi , Li De Hua
Published: April 2015

Based on the difficulty to accurately control temperature for torch brazing, the study is concerned with developing low-melting-point solders for brazing pure aluminum. For this purpose, Ge and Zn have been chosen to be added to Al-Si-based alloy. The melting characteristic, wetting property of solders with Al and mechanical property of the brazed joints were investigated. The results show that the addition of 10 wt. % germanium into the traditional Al-12Si (wt. %) filler metal causes its liquidus temperature to decrease by about 23 °C. An addition of 30 % zinc into such Al-Si-Ge ternary alloy will cause its liquidus temperature to drop further to 525 °C. The solders have good wettability with Al. With the increase of Zn content in the alloys, the spreading areas of solders exhibit nonlinear decrease, and there exist a very large value at the zinc content of 15%. When Al-Si-10Ge-30Zn solder was used to braze the pure aluminum, an optimized bonding strength of 116 MPa was achieved.
A Co-Simulation Analysis of Hydraulic Pitch Control System in Large Wind Turbine
Authors: Chiang Mao Hsiung , Wang Ching Sung , Huang Chin Cheng , Su Wei Nian , Tung Tsung Chih
Published: April 2015

The use of wind power has been rising up rapidly due to its power potential and the improvement of technology. In order to extend the max capacity of power output, the size of wind turbine should grow simultaneously. Therefore, a cost effectiveness of wind power plant is needed to improve the performance. This paper aims at designing a novel hydraulic pitch actuator to implement pitch control effectively even if an impulsive wind peak appears. By developing a novel hydraulic pump control system, the creative design of hydraulic pump control system comprising a fixed displacement pump driven by a servo motor, two unsymmetrical hydraulic cylinders, and hydraulic circuits, could have an excellent response in operation. Furthermore, a feedback linearization controller was designed to compensate for the nonlinearity of hydraulic system and overcome the impulsive loadings from wind peaks. The turbine model was built through FAST released by NREL and the dynamic performance showed the excellent robustness and response with that proposed controller and mechanical design.
A Design and Implementation of Attendance System Using Smallest Wireless Fingerprint with Arduino Yún Embedded Board
Authors: Subpratatsavee Puchong , Pubpruankun Narinwat
Published: April 2015

The purpose of this research is a design and implementation of a smallest wireless fingerprint device based on Arduino Yún board. This system applies for using in class attendance checking in school or university. The exper-imental of class attendance using wireless fingerprint in this research is examinations in Kasetsart University Siracha Campus, Thailand for case study. All hardware environments of this system-using platform of Arduino Yún board and Ubuntu OS apply with computer program like MySQL, JavaScript, Apache server, and wireless network for building an embedded fingerprint authentication system. Design of a new smallest wireless fingerprint in this research is small and easy to use. It has a LCD screen for show the result of identifying after users scan they fingerprint on it. This system is applying to use in class attendance. When student come in a class he or she scan his fingerprint on our device for checking and authentications. After device receive data from his fingerprint then device send this data to server using wireless network. When server get the data by device from network already, it will send this data to fingerprint authentications program for loading and checking data of fingerprint in database. If his fingerprint data is match one of data in database the server will be sent the name and information of matching fingerprint data back to LCD screen of device and show valid text on the screen and update the status of fingerprint owner to attendance system. If his fingerprint not math in all of data in database, it invalid. This research help an instructor for reduce time for checking student attendance; solve the problem about some student absent but his or her friend fake attendance for him. And in the future this device will be replacing the student ID card
Design and Analysis of the Oxygen Regulator in the Aircraft
Authors: Zhao Ying Jie , Wu Hui Xiang
Published: April 2015

Based on the analysis of the aircrafts oxygen supply performance, an new electronic oxygen supply regulator is designed. Meanwhile, the design calculation work is conducted and the structure parameters is obtained. From the results we can see that the designed oxygen regulator can satisfy the pilot’s oxygen demand under designed heights and that oxygen flow rise under different outlet pressures is not boundless as the valve opening width is increasing .Furthermore, when the valve opens to the half of its radius, the oxygen flow no longer changes as the opening width is increasing. Also, when it opens to the maximum, the peak demand under emergency can be satisfied.
The Pattern Based Visual Property Specification Language and Supporting System for Software Verifications
Authors: Chun Seung Su
Published: April 2015

This paper deals with issue of properties specification for software verifications and translation between formal languages. Through this paper, the unique framework of property specifications including most kinds of formal specifications logics, automatic methods are shown by a property specifications guided system and PVSL(The Pattern based Visual property Specification Language).Additionally, a properties to specify and structures, Interconnection of them are also described by property charts. In this study, the pattern based visual property specification language (PVSL) is defined and property specifications method is also designed by convenience specifications of required property.Required properties can be described by its charts and analyzes its meaning and structures as using patterns diagrams and property and-or tree. On the other hands, it also guarantees stability and limitation of utilizations of patterns using much stronger specifying Dwyer`s meaning based property classification. The PVSL and property charts use hierarchical state machine notation to take advantage of knowledge a person who is one of practitioners has as much as possible, and for Nu-SMV, CW-CNC. They can be adapted to describe property charts and analyze into examples of CTL(Computation Tree Logic) and Modal Mu-Calculus logic that have been already used.Keywords: Patterns, Property specifications, model checking, Software verification
Deposition and Characterization of CoCrAlY Coatings by Multi-Chamber Detonation Sprayer
Authors: Kovaleva M.G. , Tyurin Yu.N. , Vasilik N.J. , Kolisnichenko O.V. , Prozorova M.S. , Arseenko M.Yu. , Sirota V.V. , Pavlenko I.A.
Published: April 2015

In this study, a multi-chamber detonation sprayer (MCDS) was applied for deposition of Co-Cr-Al-Y powder coatings (200-250 mm thick) on nickel base superalloy JS6U (Russia). Powder Co-25Cr-11Al-1Y (d(0.1): 6.6 μm, d(0.5): 62.7 μm, d(0.9): 123,4 μm) was used to deposit of a coatings. The coatings microstructures and phase compositions were characterized using SEM, OM and XRD techniques. Measurement of the microhardness of samples was done with a micro-hardness tester DM – 8B using a Vickers’s indenter with load on of 0.1 N. It was established that MCDS has provided the conditions for formation of a dense layer with porosity 0.05% and microhardness 600±50 HV0.1.
Raising Energy Awareness through 3D Computer Animation
Authors: Prayoonrat Chinnawat
Published: April 2015

In the current situation, the number of energy sources in the world become less because of inefficient usage and the lack of realization on energy saving. Consequences from overusing energy include global warming problems. To encourage and promote efficient use of energy and energy reduction, this research was to improve energy awareness through 3D computer animation. The animation was created in the form of video animation format and has production process as follows: 1) Pre-production: problem defines, story board, turntable animation and backdrop design 2) Production: 3D model character, shading and texturing, lighting and shadowing, rendering and compositing and 3) Post-production: combining the story, inserting voice record and sound. A statistical examination, the research validation was evaluated by 5 experts and resulted in good level (= 4.11, S.D. = 0.64). When testing understanding and perspective on animation media with the sample group of 50 students from Sripatum University Chonburi Campus, the result of the survey that conducted before presenting the campaign (pre-test) was in moderate level (= 3.32, S.D. = 0.56) while the result that conducted after presenting the campaign (post-test) was in very good level (= 4.67, S.D. = 0.48). Therefore, the 3D computer animation could help samples understand more about importance of energy reduction.
Comparison of Open and Short-Circuit Switches Faults Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) Analysis Using Time-Frequency Distributions
Authors: Manap M. , Ahmad Nur Sumayyah , Rahim Abdullah Abdul , Bahari Norhazilina
Published: April 2015

Voltage source inverter (VSI) plays an important roles in electrical drive systems. Consistently, expose to hash environmental condition, the lifespan of the electronic component such as insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) may shorten and many faults related to the inverter especially switches can be occur. The present of VSI switches faults causing equipment failure and increased the cost of manufacturing process. Therefore, faults detection analysis is mandatory to identify the VSI switches faults. This paper presents the analysis of VSI switches faults using time-frequency distributions (TFDs) which are short times Fourier transform (STFT) and spectrogram. From time-frequency representation (TFR) obtained by using the TFDs, parameters of the faults signal are estimated such as instantaneous of average, root mean square (RMS), fundamental, Total Waveform Distortion (TWD), Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) and Total non-Harmonic Distortion (TnHD) of current signals. Then, based on the characteristics of the faults calculated from the signal parameters, VSI switches faults can be detected and identified. The performance of TFD for the faults analysis is also demonstrated to obtain the best TFD for switches faults detection and identification system. The results show that, STFT is the best technique to classify and identify VSI switches faults and can be implemented for automated system.
Experimental Comparison between CAV Control and CO2 Ventilation Control Approaches with Respect to Energy Saving of Air Conditioner
Authors: Panyavee Supachai , Khedari Joseph , Wisitsak Sopa , Hirunlabh Jongjit
Published: April 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of the CO2 control ventilation to enhance energy saving compared with constant air ventilation (CAV) approach of air conditioner. To this end, a small air-conditioner room of 20 square meters was used as the testing room. A carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor was installed inside to measure indoor air quality while two enthalpy sensors were installed both inside and outside for indoor and outdoor air enthalpies online monitoring. The algorithm of CO2 control ventilation used is to compare the CO2 difference between inside and setpoint; when the inside CO2 concentration is lower than the setpoint, the controller will sent a signal to stop the fresh air intake and exhaust air fans. Measurement were conducted for three indoor temperature set points namely 24, 25 and 26 oC. The indoor CO2 level was set at 900 ppm, 800 ppm, 700 ppm and 600 ppm
The results of measured electrical power consumption showed that CO2 approach when compared to the CAV approach could save 21.82%, 18.28%, 2.26% and 0.45% and ventilator save 64.19%, 53.4%, 16.8% and 1.26%, for the four CO2 concentration indoor setpoints considered respectively. Simple mathematical relationships were also derived to estimate the energy saving using the CO2 control ventilation. This CO2 control ventilation could be mainly applied for the air condition room of Thailand.
Experimental Measurement of the CO2 Content in a Passive Home during a Simulated Air-Conditioning Power Outage
Authors: Galda Zdenek , Labudek Jiri , Sipkova Veronika
Published: April 2015

High concentrations of CO2 are one of the causes of imperfect oxygenation of the blood circulation in humans. An experimental measurement of a passive home during a simulated power outage was carried out from July 7-15th 2014. In the measured rooms (one with plants with leaves the size of one of the bigger participants in this project, the second room without any plants at all), the levels of CO2 were observed, as well as the levels of relative air humidity of the interior, and the interior temperature. The measurement was carried out at night, when sleeping time was simulated, i.e. the resting period. The impact of plants did not significantly influence the CO2 reduction in the interior of the building. Regular airing is necessary for maintaining the hygienic limit of the concentration of CO2. It is thus necessary to ensure this with the windows open during an unexpected power outage.
Investigation and Analysis of International Roughness Index at National Freeway in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Jyh Dong , Sung Po Hsun , Ho Min Che , Shen Chien Jung
Published: April 2015

Taiwan's National Freeway plays an important role in Taiwan's transportation, it is convenient to go to anywhere through a series of north-south and east-west road networks, from this we can see, the freeway road quality is a project that always need to be concerned, and how to enhance the pavement quality of National Freeway will be the main subject of this study.In order to improve the comfort index of National Freeway in this study, we first understand the examination part of National Freeway, like road testing items and methods, and because the need of study, we need to organize the relevant information of National Freeway road comfort index and investigation processes, with the investigation and analysis processes, it is beneficial to maintain and enhance the comfort quality of National Freeway.
Revisiting the Reliability Assessment of Frame Constructions of Industrial Building
Authors: Zolina Tatyana , Sadchikov Pavel
Published: April 2015

Article proposes a comprehensive approach to the formation of the program sequence surveys of industrial buildings equipped with overhead cranes. Authors formalized synthesis algorithm that reveals the concept essence of the probabilistic method application to the study of changes in the stress-strain state of the industrial building frame during its operation taking into account the variability impacts. The calculation of the reliability and durability is based on the method of limiting states. The implementation of this method makes it possible to take into account the random nature of not only the combination of existing loads, but also the strength properties of building materials by constructing a system of safety factors.
Influence of Connection Lane on the Left of Running Lane on Intersection in Ostrava-Petrkovice
Authors: Petru Jan , Mahdalova Ivana , Krivda Vladislav , Kludka Michal
Published: April 2015

The paper deals with the use of the connection lane on the left of running lane. It is all about its impact on improving traffic flow butt junction, shortening the waiting time required for the safe passage of vehicles on side roads and not the least impact on traffic safety at the intersection with the appearance of the lane. The paper also deals with conflict situations that were identified in the survey.