bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conversion of multi-layered Mg-based carrier to hydrogen storage performance
Authors: Zhou Ningning , Ju Dongying
Published: November 2018

The mixed powder method and covering method were adopted to prepare a composite that has hydrogen storage properties. In the experimental process, the alloy phases Mg2Ni and NiTi generated regularly; the penetration of the hydrogen atoms to the material was considered as the adsorption of the material to the hydrogen atoms; the original thermodynamic equation was edited; the crystal phases were optimized by adjusting the parameters about the material composition and gas concentration, so that providing advantageous channels of the hydrogen atoms in and out to improve the hydrogen storage properties. The results showed that integer multiples adjustment to trace element Ti could make hydrogen storage properties maximizing optimize and have controllability for the capacity and rate of hydrogen storage according to the newly editing equation. The innovation was to edit out equation that can improve the hydrogen storage properties through adjusting three parameters of trace element Ti, adsorption and penetration to find the most optimal condition improving the hydrogen storage properties.
Finite Element Simulation and Construction Technology Research of Cement-Emulsified Asphalt Cold Recycling System
Authors: Li Junxiao , Fu Wei , Yin Xiaobo
Published: November 2018

The force model of pavement structure is established. In order to investigate the force on pavement when the ratio and thickness of cold recycled pavement vary, three concrete pavement structures, material parameters and vehicle load parameters are designed. By finite element analysis, type 2 pavement structure make the cold-regenerative pavement structure anti-XY surface shear stress, anti-Z compressive stress and anti-Z deformation three aspects are kept in a reasonable range, and it is considered that the cold regenerative pavement structure type 2 is the best. Type 2 is specifically composed of 8 cm new asphalt surface layer +20 cm no stabilized soil regeneration base +20 cm stabilized soil regeneration base + original road soil base. The results of this paper can provide some reference for the actual design of emulsified asphalt cold regeneration construction process.
A continuous approximation approach for supply network design considering radio frequency identification adoption
Authors: Tsao Yu-Chung
Published: November 2018

The design and management of multiechelon supply networks is one of the most crucial and challenging problems that managers encounter. In this study, supply networks are designed for both single-item and multi-item cases by considering RFID adoption. To maximize total profits, the objective is to determine the following: (1) the locations of distribution centers, (2) the allocation of retail stores to distribution centers, (3) the replenishment cycle time at distribution centers, and (4) whether RFID was adopted. In this study, a continuous approximation model is developed and an algorithm for solving this problem is proposed. Numerical studies are adopted to demonstrate the solution procedure and the effects of changing parameters on decisions and profits. The results also show how RFID adoption affects the design of supply networks. This paper provides novel management implications that business managers can use as a reference.
Sustainable growth and strategies in the sea-faring industry
Authors: Oniszczuk-Jastrząbek Aneta , Czuba Tomasz , Czermański Ernest
Published: November 2018

The sustainable growth policy is the main driving force behind changes taking place under the European Union’s common economic policy, particularly where this relates to transport policy. In the last decades, the sustainable growth policy has considerably expanded its reach as it has been implemented in various areas of economic and social life. Sustainable growth has also found its application in the sea-faring enterprises which are becoming increasingly aware of benefits to be gained through correlating their social commitment with their strategic goals. The drive towards promoting mutual trust and transparency both on the inside and outside is today becoming a way for these enterprises to achieve a competitive edge.

Despite voluntary action taken by businesses, including sea-faring ones, to build responsible relations with their stakeholders, the extent to which the ideas of sustainable growth are being applied in their formal operational strategies still leaves much to be desired.

The purpose of this paper is to determine the level of activity for sustainable growth seen in sea-faring companies operating in Poland. This article is based on a study of primary research including interviews with representatives of sea-faring enterprises and contains the authors’ own reflections on the subject. The research relates to action which the enterprises in question are taking to integrate their policies, strategies and operational plans with sustainable growth.
Economic Growth in the Euro Zone Countries and Other Member States of the European Union in the Years 2006 - 2017 - Comparative Analysis
Authors: Dobrowolski Krzysztof , Pawłowski Grzegorz
Published: November 2018

The aim of the conducted research is to verify III hypotheses. Hypothesis I: changes in GDP and its components should demonstrate higher dynamics in the euro zone countries than in countries using national currencies, taking into account differences in their level of economic development. Hypothesis II: in countries that joined the euro zone during the period under examination, the analyzed indicators should demonstrate higher dynamics after the adoption of the common currency. Hypothesis III: the index of final consumption expenditure of general government should demonstrate lower dynamics in the euro zone countries and a decline in dynamics after the adoption of the euro in the countries that have done so during the period considered. Statistical material was analyzed. Data on GDP dynamics, investments, final consumption expenditure of households and non-profit institutions serving households (later referred to as: "final consumption expenditure"), final consumption expenditure of general government, export and import were used.

The research methods used were: the method of analysis and logical construction and a statistical one. The hypotheses tested were only partially confirmed.
Balancing of self-interests versus other-interests and five styles of conflict resolution
Authors: Kłusek-Wojciszke Bożena , Grodzicki Jacek
Published: November 2018

The classical analysis of conflict management assumes that there are 5 main styles of conflict resolution which originate from various combinations of attainment of the self-interest and other-interest. Cooperation is underlain by joint maximization of both interests, Competition means maximization of self-interest at the expense of other-interest, Accommodation means maximization of other-interest at the expense of self-interest, Avoidance means neglect of both interests, while Compromise means a partial realization of the two interests. Although the five styles of conflict resolution are well-supported by empirical research, there is no research directly showing the assumed role of the two interests in the five styles of conflict resolution. The present paper presents an empirical study of 83 employees showing that the two interests (as measured by The Selfand Other Interest Inventory devised by Gerbasi & Prentice) [1] are systematically and predictably related to the five styles of conflict resolution (as measured by the Questionnaire of Five Styles of Conflict Resolution devised by Kłusek) [2].
Causes of traffic congestion in urban areas. Case of Poland
Authors: Koźlak Aleksandra , Wach Dagmara
Published: November 2018

The dynamic development of urban areas poses increasingly more challenges for the provision of transport services for the population. The concentration of the economic potential and population in the metropolitan areas results in the occurrence of large transport needs, and when these needs are met at the same time, the phenomenon of congestion occurs. The purpose of the article is to research the relationship between various factors contributing to congestion in urban traffic and the level of congestion in Polish cities. The authors have used statistical methods such as correlation and regression analysis. The research has shown that the most statistically significant relationships have occurred in the case of the number of business entities and the number of passenger cars. It can be concluded that the demand side factors are more important in Polish cities than the supply side factors or perhaps the current transport policy is ineffective. When effectively applied, transport policy instruments can play a special role. These instruments can contribute to reducing congestion in various ways, i.e. by implementing various sub-objectives, which include reducing the need to travel, reducing the use of passenger cars, improving the functioning of public transport and use of the infrastructure. The results of this study can be useful for transport policy makers at central, regional and local levels.
International liability and compensation regimes as a tool of strengthening the balance between shipping economy and marine environment protection
Authors: Nawrot Justyna , Pepłowska Dąbrowska Zuzanna
Published: November 2018

The basic requirements concerning the marine environmental protection introduced under auspices of the IMO refers to ship’s construction and ship’s operation and are recognized as a technical in nature or connected with seafarers qualifications. The aim of the article is to emphasis the importance of private law instruments, especially financial security instruments as a tool of strengthening the maritime safety and marine environmental protection in the recent IMO’ works. Attempts to create global system of liability and compensation, especially by introducing the financial security instruments, stays in line with the IMO’s public policy and aims to increase the effectiveness of the international safety standards at sea. Firstly that new instrument has been introduced as a response to environmental threats inherent in carriage of oil as cargo. Soon it became a standard provision of many others environmental threats, such as hazardous and noxious substances, bunker oil or wreck removal and lately introduced to Maritime Labour Convention prepared under ILO’s auspices. By analyzing provisions of selected maritime conventions, Authors aim to demonstrate that the financial security instruments are seen not only as a commercial tools supporting the claimants chance to obtain full/adequate compensation but also as an element of strengthening public goals.
Situation of microenterprises within the frame-work of sustainable development – the economic-financial and organisational management perspective.
Authors: Porada Rochoń Małgorzata
Published: November 2018

The aim of this article is to analyse and evaluate of microenterprises in Zachodniopomorskie voivodeship in the years 2010-2017 within the framework of sustainable development seen from the economic-financial and organisational-management perspective. A thesis was formulated stating that after the global crisis, microenterprises became more interested in the sustainable development principles However, a number of barriers make it difficult for them to implement these rules at the level guaranteeing competitiveness and development. A survey was conducted by PBS sp. z o. o., a research agency, in the years 2010-2017 on behalf of PEKAO SA bank. In total, 2 968 microenterprises, i.e. on average 371 entities a year, took part in the survey during the period considered. The conducted analysis generally points to a trend of positive opinions about their situation, which has been particularly visible over the last 3 years. Nevertheless, a number of barriers that are significant for implementation of objectives in accordance with the sustainable development principles were identified. Overall, these are economic-financial and organizational-management barriers resulting from education, qualifications, resources and their availability, as well as behavioural barriers that include, among others, social competences and psychological aspects.
Analysis of natural radionuclide concentrations in selected building materials available on the domestic market
Authors: Łukaszek-Chmielewska Aneta , Girard Martin , Wojtkowski Karol , Isajenko Krzysztof , Piotrowska Barbara
Published: November 2018

This article presents the results of natural radioactivity research for selected building materials such as: ceramic blocks, cellular concrete, solid bricks, ceramic roof tiles, cement, mortars, plaster and adhesives available on the domestic market. In Poland, the possibility of using various raw materials and ready-made construction materials depends on the values of activity coefficients f1 and f2. The activity coefficient f1 determines the content of natural isotopes in the examined material, as an indicator of the whole body exposure to gamma radiation. The activity coefficient f2 determines the content of radium 226Ra in the examined material, as an indicator of the epithelial lung exposure to the alpha radiation emitted through radon decay products, taken together with the air by the human respiratory system. Activity coefficients are described by natural potassium 40K, radium 226Ra and 228Th. The activity concentrations of these radionuclide were determined using MAZAR analyzer with a scintillation detector. The highest concentrations of natural radioactive isotopes were recorded for solid bricks, while plaster has the lowest concentration. Nevertheless, none of the tested samples had activity of both coefficients exceeding the limit values, which means each of the analyzed materials can be safely used in buildings intended for human stays or livestock. Additionally, the work has determined the dose rate and effective annual dose equivalent for the analyzed building materials.
Application of biological deodorization methods in the aspect of sustainable development
Authors: Miller Urszula , Sówka Izabela , Grzelka Agnieszka , Pawnuk Marcin
Published: November 2018

The sequence of actions in matters of restricting odour nuisance is topped by preventive actions taken while an investment is planned and exploited. However, if using the best techniques available and abiding by technological regimes is insufficient and emission is still observed, one should make use of the method of deodorization. The choice of the specific suitable method is determined by many factors such as the properties of the gases being cleaned, the concentration of the pollution being emitted and the designed cleaning efficiency. Odour emission management concerning sustainable development should, therefore, comprise the required level of gas cleaning, the economic balance sheet of the investment and the acquired environmental effects. In the instance of biological methods, especially gas biofiltration, the cleaning process is carried out without virtually any side products, which would produce waste. Biofiltration is more and more commonly used in cleaning waste gases, because of both ecological reasons and economical competitivity with other methods. The balance of costs of an investment in biological gas deodorization along with its profits, as well as the ecological benefits coming from the usage of such methods, are presented in this work. The obtained cleaning efficiencies have also been included.
Structural steel bond to concrete with waste aggregate
Authors: Ogrodnik Paweł , Szulej Jacek
Published: November 2018

The article presents the results of bond tests of B500SP structural steel to concretes subjected to thermal stress. Concretes were designed purely on the basis on waste aggregate made of soft clay pottery with using two types of cements: Portland CEM 32.5R and aluminous cement Górkal 70. In the research was used the method of direct pulling the steel rod out of the concrete cover (Pullout Test). For the tests were prepared four types of concretes: two bases of aluminous cement and two on Portland cement without additions. In the remaining mixtures containing the additive in the form of clinoptilolite, the method of simple weight replacement of the selected type of cement with clinoptilolite in the amount of 10% was used. Mineral puzzolana additives are intended to modify the phase composition of hardened cement slurry towards reducing the portlandite and changing the CaO/SiO2 ratio in the C-S-H phase. The results of the tests confirmed that the bond of the selected steel type to concrete on the recycle aggregate does not differ from the results achieved with natural aggregate. It was also confirmed that addition of clinoptilolite to concrete with Portland cement has beneficial effect when it is subjected to thermal stress.
Application of the Correction Function to Improve the Quality of PM Measurements with Low-Cost Devices
Authors: Rogulski Mariusz , Badyda Artur
Published: November 2018

Reliable information on the particulate matter (PM) concentration in the air is provided by professional, reference measuring devices. In recent times, however, measuring devices using low-cost PM sensors have been gaining more and more popularity. Low-cost PM sensors are not as accurate as professional devices and can under certain circumstances significantly distort results. Therefore comparative measurements with professional devices and the determination of the corrective function are necessary. The article presents the results of tests on the accuracy of measurements made with the use of such sensors after applying a correction function. The form of the correction function was determined based on several months of comparative tests low-cost sensors with reference device. Then, for a different set of low-cost sensors, a correction function was applied and again, during several months of research, the measurement results were compared with a reference device. This made it possible to determine the real measurement uncertainty of this type of equipment, as well as the need to support measurements using earlier comparative tests. Results showed, that for analysed low-cost PM sensors and correction function measurement error was about 15%.
The applicability of low-cost PM10 sensors for atmospheric air quality monitoring
Authors: Szulczyński Bartosz , Gębicki Jacek
Published: November 2018

Described in this work are the results of field tests carried out in the Tricity Agglomeration between 01 April 2018 and 30 June 2018 in order to evaluate the usefulness of low-cost PM10 sensors in atmospheric air quality monitoring. The results were juxtaposed with the results obtained using reference methods. The results were validated based on the measurement uncertainty as described in the EU report "Demonstration of Equivalence of Ambient Air Monitoring Methods. EC Working Group on Guidance for the Demonstration of Equivalence". Moreover, the impact of external factors (humidity, pressure, temperature) on the obtained results was also assessed. It was shown that the low-cost sensors display measurement uncertainty which exceeds the acceptable values as compared to the reference methods and correction factors depending on the measured PM10 concentration need to be introduced in order to fulfil the criteria of equivalence.
Application of electronic nose to effectiveness monitoring of air contaminated with toluene vapors biofiltration process
Authors: Szulczyński Bartosz , Rybarczyk Piotr , Gębicki Jacek
Published: November 2018

The research presents the application of electronic nose (combined with MLR model) to on-line effectiveness monitoring of biofiltration of air contaminated with hydrophobic, odorous compound (toluene vapors). The research was conducted using two-section biotrickling filter inhabited by Candida environmental isolates. Gas chromatography was used as the comparative technique to obtain reliable quantification of toluene concentration in the samples. After about 200 hours of the process, a removal efficiency of 49% was obtained.
Identification and preliminary characteristics of odour sources in biogas plants processing municipal waste
Authors: Wiśniewska Marta , Kulig Andrzej , Lelicińska-Serafin Krystyna
Published: November 2018

The paper presents results of local visions at six biogas plants processing municipal waste in Poland. The study objective was the investigation of waste processing technology, as well as the initial identification and characteristics of odour sources. The literature provides scarce information on research on the occurrence of odours in this type of objects. The main components of process gases from biogas plants include ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, and volatile organic compounds. They are not only unpleasant, but also can be harmful to both the environment and people. The main unit operations and processes that make up the technological sequence of biogas plants for municipal waste are: supply and storage of raw waste, preparation of the substrate for fermentation (pre-treatment), main processing (methane fermentation), and stabilisation and storage of the fermented residue. Any irregularities related to running individual processes may contribute to the intensified odour impact of a biogas plant. Local visions permitted the analysis of the technological processes carried out in the plants, as well as the location of odour sources important for further research.
Structural Identification of Products from the Chloromethylation of Salicylaldehyde
Authors: Bala Muhammad , Kadwa Ebrahim , Friedrich Holger
Published: November 2018

In the functionalization of salicylaldehyde to give 5-(chloromethyl)salicylaldehyde, two byproducts [5-(hydroxymethyl)salicylaldehyde and 5,5′-methylenebis(salicylaldehyde)] were also isolated. ­Detailed characterizations and structural analyses of all three products by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and IR spectroscopic techniques are presented and discussed. A strategy is presented for the preferential isolation of the two byproducts through column chromatography.
Quantitative Analysis of Surgical Working Space During Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Davies Joel C. , Chan Harley H.L. , Yao Christopher M.K.L. , Cusimano Michael D. , Irish Jonathan C , Lee John M
Published: November 2018

Objectives Selective dissection of intranasal anatomy may improve visualization and maneuverability at the skull base. We aimed to quantify the dimensions of working space and angles achieved following sequential removal of intranasal structures using an endoscopic transphenoidal approach to the skull base.

Methods Cone beam computed tomography scans of four cadaveric heads were obtained for registration of an optical tracking system. Each head was sequentially dissected: (1) sphenoidotomy and limited posterior septectomy, (2) unilateral partial middle turbinectomy, (3) bilateral partial middle turbinectomy, and (4) wide posterior septectomy. The maximal craniocaudal and mediolateral distance (mm) and angle (degrees) reached were calculated at the sphenoid face and sella. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests of statistical significance. The significance level was set at p  ≤  0.05.

Results A significant improvement in both dimensions of working space was observed with each stage of dissection at the level of the sphenoid face. Maximal working space was achieved following bilateral middle turbinectomy and wide posterior septectomy with a 38 and 29% increase in working space in the mediolateral and craniocaudal dimensions, respectively. The largest stepwise increase in working space was observed with unilateral middle turbinectomy (mediolateral: 24 ± 3 mm and craniocaudal: 20 ± 3 mm). A trend toward improved degrees of visualization was observed with each stage of dissection but was not statistically significant.

Conclusion Approaches to the skull base can be enhanced by selective unilateral/bilateral partial middle turbinectomy and posterior septectomy being performed to improve visualization and maximize surgical working freedom.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Rate after Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery via Middle Cranial Fossa Approach
Authors: Lipschitz Noga , Kohlberg Gavriel D. , Tawfik Kareem O. , Walters Zoe A. , Breen Joseph T. , Zuccarello Mario , Andaluz Norberto , Dinapoli Vincent A. , Pensak Myles L. , Samy Ravi N.
Published: November 2018

Objective Evaluate the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak rate after the middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach to vestibular schwannoma (VS) resection.

Design Retrospective case series.

Setting Quaternary referral academic center.

Participants Of 161 patients undergoing the MCF approach for a variety of skull base pathologies, 66 patients underwent this approach for VS resection between 2007 and 2017.

Main Outcome Measure Postoperative CSF leak rate.

Results There were two instances of postoperative CSF leak (3.0%). Age, gender, and BMI were not significantly associated with CSF leak. In the two cases with CSF leakage, tumors were isolated to the internal auditory canal (IAC) and both underwent gross total resection. Both CSF leaks were successfully treated with lumbar drain diversion. For the 64 cases that did not have a CSF leak, 51 were isolated to the IAC, 1 was located only in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA), and 12 were located in both the IAC and CPA. 62 patients underwent gross total resection and 2 underwent near-total resection. Mean maximal tumor diameter in the CSF leak group was 4.5 mm (range: 3–6 mm) versus 10.2 mm (range: 3–19 mm) in patients with no CSF leak (p = 0.03).

Conclusions The MCF approach for VS resection is a valuable technique that allows for hearing preservation and total tumor resection and can be performed with a low CSF leakage rate. This rate of CSF leak is less than the reported rates in the literature in regard to both translabyrinthine and retrosigmoid approaches.
Esophageal Diameters in Children Correlated to Body Weight
Authors: Bott Thomas Sebastian , von Kalle Thekla , Schilling Alexander , Diez Oliver Heinz , Besch Sarah , Mehlig Ulrike , Hetjens Svetlana , Wessel Lucas , Loff Steffan
Published: November 2018

Introduction The development of stenoses after correction of an esophageal atresia or acid and lye burn of the esophagus are well-known problems in pediatric surgery. Currently, stenoses are treated in the majority of cases by repeated balloon dilatations. The diameter of the balloons used is not standardized; standard curves do not exist. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diameter of the esophagus correlated to the body weight of the children as measured in upper gastrointestinal (GI) studies to answer the important question to what extent a stenosis should be dilated.

Materials and Methods Within the time period from 2011 through 2016, 60 patients with upper GI studies were selected. Evaluations were blinded to two different examiners. The diameters were measured under maximum contrast filling between the second and third rib (cranial point of measurement) and between the seventh and eighth rib (caudal point of measurement). For both, the anteroposterior and lateral aspect was examined. The diameter was calculated as the arithmetic average of both measurements within one level. The diameters were correlated to the weight of the children.

Results All children (n = 38) within the 3rd to 97th weight percentile were analyzed. Linear correlation and coefficients of 0.67 at the cranial point and 0.70 at the caudal point were found. Mean diameter at the cranial point of measurement was 6.75 mm at the lowest weight (2.6 kg) and 14 mm at 74 kg. Mean weight of these children (standard deviation [SD]) was 25.3 (18.8) kg and median age was 7 years. Within weight groups (0–10 kg; 10–20 kg; 20–35 kg; 35–50 kg; >50 kg), we calculated SD and two side tested critical 95% confidence interval for all measurements (n = 74).

Conclusion Although the variation in measurements is considerable, this evaluation gives a reliable hint to which extent esophageal stenoses should be dilated in relation to the body weight. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation to evaluate the diameter of the esophagus in children in relation to the body weight.
Effective Graft Preservation by Following a Standard Protocol for the Treatment of Knee Joint Infection after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Otchwemah Robin , Naendrup Jan-Hendrik , Mattner Frauke , Tjardes Thorsten , Bäthis Holger , Shafizadeh Sven
Published: November 2018

Knee joint infections constitute a rare but devastating complication after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. We hypothesized that effective infection therapy and graft preservation is possible following a standard treatment protocol. We retrospectively analyzed all patients admitted to our center with suspected infection of the knee after ACL reconstruction between 2010 and 2012. Following a standardized protocol, blood samples were drawn and synovial fluid was analyzed. Furthermore, the protocol consisted of arthroscopic lavages and debridements of the anterior and posterior joint compartments over three incisions, and targeted antibiotic therapy over a period of 6 weeks. Surgeries were repeated every 2 days until clinical signs of infections resolved, but at least two times. Mean observation period was 10 months. Forty-one patients aged 31 ( ±  9.9) years and admitted 14 ( ±  7.5) days after ACL reconstruction were included. Pathogens were found in 34 patients and coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated most commonly (31 isolates in 28 patients). Quinolones were the most commonly used antibiotic agents. Mean number of operations was 3.8 ( ± 1.4). Following the standard protocol, primary successful infection treatment with graft preservation was possible in 37 of the included 41 patients. Graft preservation was achieved in 100% of the included patients with Gaechter stage 1 and 2 infections. Knee joint infection after ACL reconstruction was successfully treated following a standardized protocol, and graft preservation was reliably achieved especially in cases with infections at an early stage.
Adenosine Kinase Deficiency: Report and Review
Authors: Alhusani Alhanouf , Obaid Abdulrahman , Blom Henk , Wedell Anna , Alfadhel Majid
Published: November 2018

Adenosine kinase (ADK) deficiency (OMIM [online mendelian inheritance in man]: 614300) is an autosomal recessive disorder of adenosine and methionine metabolism, with a unique clinical phenotype, mainly involving the central nervous system and dysmorphic features. Patients usually present early in life with sepsis-like symptoms, respiratory difficulties, and neonatal jaundice. Subsequently, patients demonstrate hypotonia and global developmental delay. Biochemically, methionine is elevated with normal homocysteine levels and the diagnosis is confirmed through molecular analysis of the ADK gene. There is no curative treatment; however, a methionine-restricted diet has been tried with variable outcomes. Herein, we report a 4-year-old Saudi female with global developmental delay, hypotonia, and dysmorphic features. Interestingly, she has a tall stature, developmental dysplasia of the hip, optic nerve gliosis, and tigroid fundus. We found a mutation not reported previously and we compared the current case with previously reported cases. We alert clinicians to consider ADK deficiency in any neonate presenting with global developmental delay, hypotonia, dysmorphic features, and high methionine levels.
Structure-controlled optical thermoresponse in Ruddlesden-Popper layered perovskites
Authors: Cortecchia D. , Neutzner S. , Yin J. , Salim T. , Srimath Kandada A. R. , Bruno A. , Lam Y. M. , Martí-Rujas J. , Petrozza A. , Soci C.
Published: November 2018

Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites are highly attractive for light-emitting and photonic applications. In these exceptionally deformable frameworks, structural properties strongly impact on the energetic landscape of the material; thus, it is crucial to establish a correlation between the structure and optoelectronic characteristics. Here, we study the structural transformations induced by phase transitions in the butylammonium-based series (BA)2(MA)n−1[PbnI3n+1] (n = 1 and n = 2). We show how thermally driven lattice contraction and changes in crystal packing affect their characteristic absorption and photoluminescence. These findings provide new insights for functional perovskites’ rational design, highlighting the possibility to tune the structural properties through external stimuli to control their functionalities on-demand.
Regime of “multi-stage” trapping in electron masers
Authors: Kuzikov S. V. , Savilov A. V.
Published: November 2018

For a wide class of electron sources of coherent electromagnetic radiation, we propose a “multi-stage” regime of the electron-wave interaction. The use of this regime in devices with a weak electron-wave interaction has several benefits, namely, a significant increase in the efficiency is achievable, and electron beams with a great velocity spread can be accommodated.
Effect of stacking faults and surface roughness on the thermal conductivity of InAs nanowires
Authors: Vuttivorakulchai K. , Luisier M. , Schenk A.
Published: November 2018

Low thermal conductivity and high power factor are desirable for thermoelectric materials. These properties can be achieved by patterning devices into nano-structures such as nanowires (NWs). The thermal conductivity can be further reduced by altering the NW geometry through the introduction of surface roughness (SR) or stacking faults (SFs). In this paper, relaxation times for scattering of phonons at SFs and SR are developed to accurately compute the impact of both effects on the thermal conductivity of InAs NWs with different diameters. It is found that similar reductions of the thermal conductivity can be obtained with SFs instead of SR. For the shortest possible distance between SFs along a NW, the room temperature thermal conductivity can be reduced to 25% compared to an ideal NW. For a NW with rough surface, a more than 80% decrease of the thermal conductivity is possible for specific roughness profiles. All available experimental data on the lattice thermal conductivity of InAs NWs confirm the theoretical models and simulation results.
Influence of B-site transition metal on NO oxidation over LaBO3 (B=Mn, Fe and Co) perovskite catalysts
Authors: Yao Xiaolong , Liu Jieyu , Wang Weichao
Published: November 2018

A comprehensive understanding of NO catalytic oxidation on different La-based perovskites LaBO3 (B=Mn, Fe, Co) enables to ultimately utilize the catalyst in the lean-burn NOx after treatment system. Here, we report a comparative study of the NO oxidation on LaBO3 (B = Mn, Fe and Co) surfaces by first-principles calculations though density functional theory (DFT). Based on the adsorption of NOx (x=1, 2 and 3) on the LaO and BO2 terminations of (001) surface, we find that the NOx adsorbates are bound stronger on the LaO terminations than BO2 ones. Infrared vibrational spectra and the NO oxidation reactions calculations suggest that BO2 surfaces are more active compared to LaO ones. The primary step for NO oxidation is the desorption of NO2* from the BO2 surfaces with a sequence of barrier 1.43eV, 1.60eV, 1.68 eV for CoO2, MnO2, and FeO2 terminations, respectively. Fundamentally, least charge transfer from CoO2 surface to NO2 ensures its smallest activation energy in contrast to the other two BO2 terminations. These findings provide insights into the influence of B-site transition metal and different terminations on NO oxidation activity of La-based perovskites which might be extended to design of other NO oxidation catalysts.
Continuous synthesis of aligned carbon nanotube arrays on copper substrates using laser-activated gas jet
Authors: Arkhipov V. E. , Smirnov A. L. , Grachev G. N. , Bagayev S. N. , Gusel'nikov A. V. , Bulusheva L. G. , Okotrub A. V.
Published: November 2018

A method has been developed for continuous synthesis of carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays on large-area metal substrates using a reactor that moves above the substrate surface with a given scan rate. The reagent vapors pass through the region of plasma laser discharge towards the substrate surface screened by an argon flow from the external atmosphere. Vertically aligned multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) are formed on copper as a result of decomposition of ethylene and the vapor of iron pentacarbonyl. The main parameters of laser plasma discharge, gas jets, and concentrations of feed compounds have been estimated in terms of their effect on the growth rate and MWCNT morphology. The measurements of MWCNTs/Cu field emission characteristics have been used to determine optimal synthesis parameters for the fabrication of effective field emission cathodes.
Observation of the coherent quasiparticle states in SrRu1–xIrxO3 films via polarization-dependent soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Seong Seungho , Kim D. H. , Lee Eunsook , Biswas Abhijit , Jeong Yoon Hee , Min B. I. , Kim Bongjae , Kim Younghak , Baik Jaeyoon , Kang J.-S.
Published: November 2018

The electronic structures of SrRu1−xIrxO3 films (0≤x≤1) have been investigated by employing polarization-dependent soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In SrIrO3, the coherent quasi-particle peak at the Fermi level (EF) is clearly observed, reflecting the spin-orbit-coupled correlated metallic nature of SrIrO3. X-ray linear dichroism signals for x=0 and x=1 are negligibly weak, demonstrating the pseudo-cubic structure for SrRuO3 and the strong spin-orbit coupling in SrIrO3. In contrast, finite linear dichroism is observed for the intermediate x regime, indicating that the narrow dxz↓ and dyz↓ bands close to EF are occupied less than the wide dxy↓ band due to the enhanced in-plane hopping.
Shape parameters of a floating bubble
Authors: Puthenveettil Baburaj A. , Saha Akash , Krishnan Sangeeth , Hopfinger E. J.
Published: November 2018

For a floating bubble, in the range of Bond numbers based on an equivalent spherical radius, 0 < Boe < 1, we present analytical expressions for various shape parameters of the bubble as functions of Boe. Expressions are obtained for the radius of the rim Rr, the radius of the thin film cap Rc, the height of the top of the cap from the rim hcap, the height of the rim above the free surface hr, and the depth of the bubble cavity from the free surface Zc. To obtain these expressions, we solve equations formulated in terms of these shape parameters for the meniscus outside the bubble, the force balance of the bubble, the pressure balance at the centre line of the bubble, and geometrical constraints, after neglecting the deformation of the bubble cavity for Boe < 1. The obtained expressions are shown to match well with our experimental measurements of the shape of the bubble. In addition to these expressions, we also present simpler approximations that can be used accurately as scaling laws for these shape parameters up to Boe < 0.5.
Total-internal-reflection elastic metasurfaces: Design and application to structural vibration isolation
Authors: Zhu Hongfei , Walsh Timothy F. , Semperlotti Fabio
Published: November 2018

This letter presents the concept of the Total Internal Reflection metasurface (TIR-MS) which supports the realization of structure-embedded subwavelength acoustic shields for elastic waves propagating in thin waveguides. The proposed metasurface design exploits extreme phase gradients, implemented via locally resonant elements, in order to achieve operating conditions that are largely beyond the critical angle. Such artificial discontinuity is capable of producing complete reflection of the incoming waves regardless of the specific angle of incidence. From a practical perspective, the TIR-MS behaves as a sound hard barrier that is impenetrable to long-wavelength modes at a selected frequency. The TIR metasurface concept is first conceived for a flat interface embedded in a rectangular waveguide and designed to block longitudinal S0-type guided modes. Then, it is extended to circular plates in order to show how enclosed areas can be effectively shielded by incoming waves. Given the same underlying physics, an equivalent dynamic behavior was also numerically and experimentally illustrated for flexural A0-type guided modes. This study shows numerical and experimental evidence that, when the metasurface is excited at the target frequency, significant vibration isolation can be achieved in the presence of waves having any arbitrary angle of incidence. These results open interesting paths to achieve vibration isolation and energy filtering in certain prototypical structures of interest for practical engineering applications.
Characteristic investigation of a flexible resistive memory based on a tunneling junction of Pd/BTO/LSMO on mica substrate
Authors: Xiao Zuoao , Zhao Jianhui , Lu Chao , Zhou Zhenyu , Wang Hong , Zhang Lei , Wang Jingjuan , Li Xiaoyan , Wang Kaiyang , Zhao Qianlong , Pei Yifei , Qin Cuiya , Wang Gong , Li Hui , Guo Rui , Chen Jingsheng , Ren Deliang , Yan Xiaobing
Published: November 2018

Recently, resistive memory devices based on flexible plastic substrates have attracted increasing attention due to their potential deployment in wearable or implantable circuits and systems. Most resistive memories on plastic substrates cannot grow well or function properly at high temperatures. In this study, in order to mitigate the challenges of high temperature and flexibility, mica is selected as the substrate for resistive memories. Specifically, resistive memories with a tunneling junction structure of Pd/BTO/LSMO are fabricated on a 10 μm-thick mica substrate. This innovation not only achieves a bending radius of 15 mm, but also exhibits excellent electrical characteristics even after bending 104 times. In addition to stable switching characteristics and multi-value storage demonstration at room temperature, excellent retention characteristics and robust state conversions between HRS and LRS are observed at high temperatures up to 200 °C. These measurement results indicate that the excellent flexibility and thermal stability of mica-based transparent resistive memories make the proposed device very promising in wearable or implantable electronic systems.
Scanning probe microscopy and potentiometry using a junction field effect transistor based sensor
Authors: Graf Paul , Flebbe Meike , Hoepken Stephanie , Utzat Detlef , Nienhaus Hermann , Möller Rolf
Published: November 2018

Scanning tunneling microscopy in its conventional form relies on a steady state tunneling current of 10−12–10−6 A. However, for various applications, it is desirable to reduce the current load to a minimum. Here, we present first experiments using a cooled junction field effect transistor in open gate operation, thereby reducing the DC-current to less than 10−19 A. This enables almost ideal measurements of the local electrochemical potential on a surface. Various methods applying dynamic modes can be used to maintain a constant distance between the scanning probe and the sample surface. Here, we use an AC-bias applied to the sample and a lock-in amplifier connected to the preamplifier to evaluate the conductance of the tunneling gap.
Spin-phonon coupling in melanothallite Cu2OCl2
Authors: Araújo B. S. , Arévalo-López A. M. , Attfield J. P. , Paschoal C. W. A. , Ayala A. P.
Published: November 2018

Since interesting magnetodielectric properties were discovered in terbium-based manganites, the search for new magnetodielectric multiferroic materials with high Curie temperatures and strong magnetodielectric coupling has been intense. Recently, it was reported that synthetic melanothalllite, the oxahalide Cu2OCl2, is a spin-driven multiferroic magnetodielectric with Néel temperature around 70 K, which is an exceptionally high critical temperature compared to other spin-driven ferroelectric materials. In this letter, we have probed the spin-phonon coupling in Cu2OCl2 by Raman spectroscopy, showing that the incommensurate magnetic structure induces a spin-phonon coupling in accord with the mean field theory and similar to the one observed in several stretching modes of perovskite compounds.
Fragmentation dynamics of CS2 in collisions with 1.0 keV electrons
Authors: Wang Enliang , Gong Maomao , Shen Zhenjie , Shan Xu , Ren Xueguang , Dorn Alexander , Chen Xiangjun
Published: November 2018

The dissociation dynamics of CS2 molecules in collisions with 1.0 keV electrons is studied. We observe a series of two- and three-body fragmentation channels which are identified from the correlation map between fragment ions. For all of the channels, the kinetic energy release (KER) distributions are obtained. The Dalitz plot and Newton diagram are adopted to analyze the fragmentation dynamics of the three-body dissociation channels. For CS23+ and CS24+, both the concerted and sequential fragmentation mechanisms are observed where the concerted mechanism dominates. For CS25+, only the concerted mechanism is observed. Two types of Coulomb explosion models considering the molecular vibration are adopted to simulate the experimental KER distributions of the three-body channels. While obvious deviations are observed considering each ion during the whole dissociation process with an integer charge, good agreement can be achieved within deviation less than 5% if the charge state of the ions are adopted from ab initio calculations.
Laser-induced forward transfer from healing silver paste films
Authors: Turkoz Emre , Morales Miguel , Kang SeungYeon , Perazzo Antonio , Stone Howard A. , Molpeceres Carlos , Arnold Craig B.
Published: November 2018

Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) is a nozzle-less printing technique where a controlled amount of material is transferred from a thin film to a receiver substrate with each laser pulse. Conventionally, each laser pulse is directed to a different spot on the donor ink film as the donor substrate is moved together with the receiver surface after each pulse. In this letter, we demonstrate that it is possible to do the LIFT printing of industrial grade silver paste using multiple pulses on the same spot on the donor film due to the healing of the silver paste film. We modify the rheology of the silver paste by adding a lower viscosity solvent and show that the change in material rheology allows for printing in different regimes.
UV laser regulation of surface oxygen vacancy of CoFe2O4 for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Xiao Zhen-hong , Jiang Dao-chuan , Xu Han , Zhou Jing-tian , Zhang Qi-zhong , Du Ping-wu , Luo Zhen-lin , Gao Chen
Published: November 2018

Oxygen evolution reaction is one of the key processes in the promising renewable energy technique of electrocatalytic water splitting. Developing high efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts requires determination of the optimal values of the descriptor parameters. Using spinel CoFe2O4 as the model catalyst, this work demonstrates that irradiation with pulsed UV laser can control the quantity of surface oxygen vacancy and thus modify the OER activity, in a volcano-shape evolution trend. This strategy sheds light on quantitatively investigation of the relationship between surface cation valence, anion vacancy, and physicochemical properties of transition-metal-based compounds.
Ag-Cu nanoparticles supported on N-doped TiO2 nanowire arrays for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Wang Xiao-nong , Ma Jun , Hu Yang-guang , Long Ran , Xiong Yu-jie
Published: November 2018

Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into various types of fuels has attracted great interest, and serves as a potential solution to addressing current global warming and energy challenges. In this work, Ag-Cu nanoparticles are densely supported on N-doped TiO2 nanowire through a straightforward nanofabrication approach. The range of light absorption by N-doped TiO2 can be tuned to match the plasmonic band of Ag nanoparticles, which allows synergizing a resonant energy transfer process with the Schottky junction. Meanwhile, Cu nanoparticles can provide active sites for the reduction of CO2 molecules. Remarkably, the performance of photocatalytic CO2 reduction is improved to produce CH4 at a rate of 720 µmol·g−1·h−1 under full-spectrum irradiation.