bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Refractory Material Corrosion in Steelmaking Engineering
Authors: Zhao Ding Guo , Wang Shu Huan , Cui Xiao Jie , Guo Jian Long
Published: October 2012

Researched on the refractory material corrosion by experiments. Each refractory was measured to take four different parts, and the average corrosion thicknesses of silicon carbide, quartz and corundum were 0.52mm, 1.03mm and 1.40mm. The corrosion of corundum refractory was most serious, and quartz refractory had a certain degree of corrosion, but it was not very serious. The corrosion of silicon carbide refractory was the least. In the experiment in intermediate frequency furnace, only upper and lower parts of slag line were connected to the refractory and the degree of corrosion was little for silicon carbide crucible. Slag part of the wall thickness was about 16.6mm after the reaction. Amorphous master alloy parts of the wall thicknessis about 16.9mm. For quartz crucible, refractory corrosion was much bigger, which was 10 mm thick before reaction. The erosion thick was about 2~3mm. It was a little thicker than corrosion experiment in static crucible.
Microstructure Features during High Temperature Tensile Deformation of an AZ31 Alloy with Nd and La Additions
Authors: Qiao Jun , He Min , Bian Fu Bo , Wang Yu , Zhang Qing Feng , Zhang Yong Bin , Chen Min
Published: October 2012

Microstructural features and tensile behaviors of an AZ31 alloy with Nd and La additions were investigated with elongation-to-failure tensile tests at constant temperatures of 300 °C, 350 °C, 400 °C, and 450 °C, and constant strain rates of 10-2s-1and 10-3s-1. Experimental data show that the material exhibits tensile ductilities of over 100% at 450 °C, featured by long steady state deformation. Microstructure studies show that annealed coarse grains were remained in the gauge region after the tensile tests, and the dominate deformation mechanism was dislocation creep, other than dynamic recrystallization or grain boundary sliding. Cavity evolution near fracture end caused premature failure of the material, although fine grains developed through dynamic recrystallization.
Analysis on Environmental Materials for Energy Saving with Protection Measures of Integrated Circuit Industry
Authors: Su Rong Jun
Published: October 2012

Power integrated circuit chip(ICC) is one kind of environmental material for energy saving. In order to analyze the reliability on environmental protection measures of integrated circuit industry, a proposed ICC project was taken as an example to investigate and analyze its engineering features and processing measures on production waste water, waste gas, waste solid and liquid, noise control and plant greening. It showed that there were 5 kinds of production wastewater containing acid & alkali, fluorine, ammonia, grinding impurity and organic respectively and 4 kinds of waste gases i.e. acid/alkali, organic solvent and process exhaust waste gases. Pollution treatment measures for wastewater, sewage and waste gases were mature technically and were effective with high efficiency. Treated wastewater can meet state discharge standards. Gas pollutants could be removed by around 90%. Dangerous waste solids and liquids would be delivered to the qualified company. Measures of vibration reduction, noise elimination, sound absorption and insulation etc. would be taken to control noises from power station and create a good environment. This work is an indispensable part of environmental impact assessment on IC industry.
Effect of a Polypropylene Skin on the Hardness of Polyethylene Pipe
Authors: Huang Jian , Gilbert Marianne , Bowman Jeremy
Published: October 2012

This paper investigated the effect of outer polypropylene (PP) skin thickness on the density and calculated hardness of a polyethylene (PE) core pressure pipe. Density of PE pipes with different PP skin thicknesses (including a PE pipe without a skin) was compared and found that the density distribution can be described well by an exponential function and it increased and flattened with increased PP thickness, which was equivalent to a PE layer 2~3 times as thick. Thermal analysis showed that the density increment is derived from the thermal insulation provided by the PP skin and allowed annealing occur during pipe cooling, particularly close to the outer wall. According to the crystallinity and hardness relationship, the relative strengthening effect on hardness and its relationship with PP layer thickness was quantified.
Preparation of Mesoporous TiO2 Microspheres by Ultrasonic-Hydrothermal Process and its Photocatalysis
Authors: Liu Yang Lin , Duan Xue Chen , Liu Shu Yun , Liu Yan Yan
Published: October 2012

Mesoporous TiO2 microspheres were prepared by Ultrasonic-Hydrothermal Process with tetrabutyltitanate as titanium resource and octadecylamine as template. The effects of temperature and time of hytrothermol process, and calcination temperature on the structure had been investigated via XRD,SEM,TEM.The results indicated it will be better hythrothermol treating 20h at 120°Cand then heat-treating 4h at 400°C. A high surface area of 261.7 m2/g and pore volume of 0.28cm3/g was obtained in the corresponding sample with quite narrow distribution,and centering at 4.3nm in diameter.TiO2 frame was highly crystallized, showed the characteristic of pure anataste, with average crystal size of 10.0nm. The as-prepared sample possess a morphology of microspheres with diameter about 100-300nm.The photocatalytic activity was valuated by photodegradation of methly orange. The resultes indicated 99.79% of methly orange in the solution was removed after 30min photocatalytic treatment.
High Efficiency LED Module with 3D Bending Machine
Authors: Lin Chung Yi , Pan Tung Cheng , Peng Yao Chi , Lin Jian Shian , Ko Cheng Hao , Hong Rong Mou
Published: October 2012

Abstract- In this paper, a bending machine for tuning optical design of LED module is proposed. The tuning is done by changing the bending angles of each package on a given module with the help of automatic control program. Luminous intensity distribution can be controlled by adjusting the light emission path, which in turn can be implemented as changing the bending angles of individual LED packages on the module. The proposed machine is capable of bending packages to specified angles with errors less than 0.1°. Three-dimensional light distribution for bent package LED modules is also studied based on various application scenarios so that each scenario can have diversified luminous intensity distribution resulting in higher uniformity and better luminance quality. The machine has several advantages, including quick bending, high accuracy, and great customizability. These advantages make the machine meet the requirements of automatic mold forming.
Modelling of Damage Evolution in the Vicinity of Frictional Interfaces in Metal Forming
Authors: Lyamina Elena , Alexandrov Sergei , Jeng Yeau Ren , Hwang Yeong-Maw
Published: October 2012

Conventional ductile fracture criteria are not applicable in the vicinity of maximum friction surfaces for several rigid plastic material models because the equivalent strain rate (second invariant of the strain rate tensor) approaches infinity near such surfaces. In the present paper, a non-local ductile fracture criterion generalizing the modified Cockroft-Latham ductile fracture criterion is proposed to overcome this difficulty with the use of conventional local ductile fracture criteria. The final form of the new ductile fracture criterion involves the strain rate intensity factor which is the coefficient of the principal singular term in a series expansion of the equivalent strain rate in the vicinity of maximum friction surfaces. When the velocity field is not singular, the new ductile fracture criterion reduces to the modified Cockroft-Latham criterion. The strain rate intensity factor cannot be found by means of commercial finite element packages since the corresponding velocity field is singular. In the present paper, the new fracture criterion is illustrated with the use of an approximate semi-analytical solution for plane strain drawing. It is shown that the prediction is in qualitative agreement with physical expectations.
Injection Molding of PC/PMMA Blend for Fabricate of the Secondary Optical Elements of LED Illumination
Authors: Thanh Hoang Van , Chen Chao Chang Arthur , Kuo Chia Hsing
Published: October 2012

This paper is to investigate the optimization of mechanical properties for the maximum tensile strength, elongation, and impact strength of Polycarbonate and Polymethyl methacrylate (PC/PMMA) blends by injection molding process. The PC/PMMA plastics composites with different blending percentage are first blended have been injected as the tensile and impact specimens designed according to ASTM, type V by injection molding machine. Taguchi’s method is then used to find the optimal parameters for the maximum tensile strength, elongation and impact strength. The control factors selected in this study are melt temperature, packing pressure, mold temperature and cooling time. An ANOVA table has been used for determining the significance of injection molding parameters. Results of experiments show that the melt temperature is the most significant parameter for improvement of mechanical properties of PC-PMMA plastics composites. Blends with high PC concentrations result in low tensile strength and high impact strength. Illumination testing of the tatol internal reflection (TIR) of PC/PMMA blends has been proceeded and the TIR lens illumination intensity is compared with three compositions of the PC/PMMA blends. Illumination results show that the PC/PMMA 80/20 blend has the highest intensity of illumination. Results of this study can be applied on the optimization of injection molding parameters for polymer blends of LED lens.
Form Grinding Simulation and Tool Abrasion Estimation for Twin Screw Compressor Rotors Based on Solidworks API
Authors: Wu Yu Ren
Published: October 2012

This paper presents a form grinding simulation of twin-screw compressor rotors with high precision. The simulation interface has been developed using VB.NET programming language based on SWAPI (SolidWorks Application Programming Interface), and the mathematical model of rotor form grinding has been established for generating the tool-feeding path. Based on the proposed procedure, the machined rotor model can be rapidly obtained with the required precision. Furthermore, the grinding area and tool abrasion on the grinding wheel can be both estimated and displayed through the use of existing SW tools for longevity assessment.
Simulation Analysis of Nanocutting on the Surface of Sapphire
Authors: Lin Zone Ching , Hsu Ying Chih
Published: October 2012

The three-dimensional quasi-steady molecular statics nanocutting model developed by this paper carries out simulation analysis of nanocutting of sapphire substrate in order to explore the effects of tools with the same tip radii of probe and straight-line cutting at different cutting depths, on cutting force. The three-dimensional quasi-steady molecular statics nanocutting sapphire workpiece model first assumes the trajectory of each atom of the sapphire workpiecs being cut whenever the diamond cutter goes forward one step. It then uses the optimization search method to solve the force equilibrium equation of the Morse force in the X, Y and Z directions when each atom moves a small distance, so as to find the new movement position of each atom, and step by step calculates the behavior during cutting. And from the simulation results of cutting force, down force and side force, it is found that under the actions of cutting tools with the same tip radius of probe, cutting force enlarges with the increase of cutting depth. This result is identical to the actual experimental phenomena of nanocutting. From this, it is known that the simulation model developed in this study is reasonable.
White Layer Control in Gas Nitriding Process Using an Oxygen Sensor
Authors: Chen Han Ming , Lin Yu Chi , Chen Yong Chwang
Published: October 2012

There are many advantages in nitriding process, but the formation of white layer sometimes results in trouble. The formation of white layer can be reduced by controlling the nitriding atmosphere appropriately. In this experiment, the nitriding atmosphere is prepared by mixing NH3 and H2. An oxygen sensor is used to detect the condition of the atmosphere, and the value of output voltage (EMF) is used as a signal for controlling the flow rate of H2. The experimental results show that the thickness of white layer can be reduced effectively by controlling the flow rate of H2 through the voltage reading of the atmosphere. Meanwhile, the hardness and the depth of nitriding layer could still be maintained. For nitriding at 550 °C, no white layer is formed when EMF is controlled above 1160 mV and a satisfying hardness distribution of the nitriding layer can be obtained when EMF is controlled at 1140 mV.
Development of an On-Machine 3D Texture Analyser
Authors: Bibby Matthew , King Christopher
Published: October 2012

Texture metrology of large optical components causes many practical problems, from handling heavy units in the laboratory, to applying existing bench top devices, unable to access most of the part area. Application of an on-machine device allows these practical issues to be overcome and provides an opportunity for an automated metrology process. We describe our work on a texture interferometer that is mounted onto a Zeeko optical polishing machine for in-process surface texture measurements on large optics.
A Rapid and Low Cost Manufacturing for Polymeric Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Chen Pin Chuan , Wang Zhi Ping
Published: October 2012

A rapid manufacturing process was demonstrated to fabricate a microfluidic device to amplify specific DNA fragments in less than 8 hours. Microfluidics was derived from microelectromechanical system (MEMS) with lithography technique on the substrates of silicon and glass, which made the microfluidic product have a higher fabrication cost and laborious fabrication steps. This rapid approach only requires three steps for a PDMS microfluidic device: metal mold insert manufacturing, PDMS casting, and glass bonding. Each step did not require complicated equipments or procedures, and make this approach very attractive in rapid prototyping and experimental optimization with microfluidic devices. In this work, a brass mold insert was manufactured by a micromilling machine, followed by the standard PDMS casting and glass bonding to fabricate a microfluidic device. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify specific DNA fragments, a typical microfluidic example, was successfully realized on this PDMS microfluidic device. This rapid and low cost (compared to conventional lithography) fabrication approach can provide researchers a lower entry to polymeric lab-on-a-chip either on PDMS or thermoplastic substrate for various applications.
The Design and Analysis of Ultrasonic Roll Welding Head and Tool
Authors: Shu Kuen Ming , Hsieh Wen Hsiang , Li Yu Guang , Chi Chi Wei , Li Yi Shen
Published: October 2012

Solar panels conduct electricity through aluminum strips on substrate surfaces. Ultrasonic roll welding can weld the conductive aluminum strips onto the glass substrates. This paper illustrates vibration characteristics and optimal design of amplitude horns used in the ultrasonic welding roll. Based on theoretical equations, this study used the ANSYS software to establish the parametric model according to design requirements. With the parametric model as the initial design, this study conducted modal analysis and harmonic analysis to obtain the vertical mode and disc bending mode of the horn, and measured the resonant frequency, amplitude amplification rate and stress distribution. Finally, this study implemented and verified the optimal coupled disc tool of the ultrasonic horn.
Evaluation of Microstructure and Glass Transition Temperature of Al-Cu-Cr-Fe-Ni High-Entropy Alloy by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Huang Jen Ching , Chang Shao Hsun , Chen Hsin Pei
Published: October 2012

In this study, the microstructure and glass transition temperature (Tg) of five elements (Al-Cu-Cr-Fe-Ni) high-entropy alloy was evaluated under different Al content by molecular dyItalic textnamics (MD) simulations. The ensemble and COMPASS potential were used. Firstly, the Al-Cu-Cr-Fe-Ni high-entropy alloys were melted at high temperature and were cooled with a high quenching rate further. The radial distribution function (RDF),Wendt-Abraham parameter and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to analyze the change on the microstructure and glass transition temperature (Tg) of Al-Cu-Cr-Fe-Ni high-entropy alloys. Simulation results show that the micro-structure of different aluminum content of AlxCuCrFeNi alloy after fast quenching are all amorphous state. When the aluminum content decreased, the amorphous state are more obvious and the glass transition temperature decreases.
Topology Optimization of Flywheel Rotors Using SIMP Method: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Tsai T.D. , Cheng C.C.
Published: October 2012

Flywheels are kinetic energy storage and retrieval devices as chemical batteries. However, the high charge and discharge rates, as well as the high cycling capability make flywheels attractive as compared to other energy storage devices. This research serves as a preliminary study that aims for developing a technique in designing a flywheel rotor based on the solid isotropic method with penalization (SIMP) method. Examples are presented to illustrate the optimum structural layouts obtained given various design objectives. For a static rotor, the objectives are maximizing the first torsional natural frequency, maximizing the moment of inertia and maximizing both of them, respectively. The problem is formulated using bound formulation and the method of moving asymptotes (MMA), a first-order optimization technique, was employed. Therefore the design sensitivity becomes a necessity. The so-called checkerboard problem in the topology optimization is avoided using the nodal design variable. Also, a threshold is used to reduce the numerical imperfection in each iteration. For the topology design of a rotating rotor, the centrifugal force induced in the high-speed rotation is considered. The objective is to maximize the rotor stiffness and is demonstrated in the last example. Results show clear topology layout of flywheel was obtained using proposed method.
The Applied Research of Numerical Simulation Techniques in the Forming of Covered Parts of Automobile
Authors: Yu Hui Yong , Zhou Hui Lin , Hu Jun Hua
Published: October 2012

This study explored the numerical simulation technique and its application range. By using numerical simulation technology, the automobile achieves mold design and optimization in the software, determines a more reasonable technological parameters and provids a useful reference to the mold design and the process of program development. The test shows that with the help of dynaform software to realize the design and optimization of the mould and make a simulation and analysis of its forming processes, through the simulation, the optimized blank is got, the numerical simulation of the cover to some degree has a guiding significance in the actual production.
The Research on Intelligent Control Method for EHP System
Authors: Wan Yi , Cai Qi Bo , Wang Huan
Published: October 2012

Optimized machine learning algorithm is applied to control modeling of high-speed electric-hydraulic proportional system of high nonlinear in this paper, a identification model of high-speed electric-hydraulic proportional system is built based on support vector machines, fusion intelligent method of dynamic self-adaptive internal model control and predictive control is realized for high-speed electric-hydraulic proportional control system. Internal model and inverse controller model are online adjusted together. Simulation shows the satisfactory tracking effect by intelligent technology of dynamic self-adaptive internal control and predictive control based on the support vector machine, the dynamic characteristic is greatly improved by the intelligent control strategy for high-speed electric-hydraulic proportional control system, good tracking and control effect is reached in condition of high frequency response. It provides a new intelligent control method for high-speed electric-hydraulic proportional system.
Comparative Research on Different Solutions of a High-Performance Thin-Film Polarizing Beam Splitter
Authors: Yang Kai Yong , Zhao Hong Chang , Jia Yun Feng , Wu Su Yong
Published: October 2012

In the process of fabricating an ultra-high precision thin-film polarizing beam splitter (PBS), which is the key element in a new kind of Y-shaped cavity dual-frequency laser, low production yield is a serious problem. Based on the robust design method by controlling sensitivity of optical films to production errors, response characteristics to production errors of different kinds of PBSs are comparatively studied. By experimental study of robust design, essential determinant of sensitivity of PBSs to production errors is found to be the physical requirement that the propagation angle should be larger than the critical angle of total reflection of the interface between the substrate and outer space. By fulfilling the physical requirement, optimum incidence angle has been found by repeated robust design on different incidence angles, and a high-performance thin-film PBS with low sensitivity to production errors has been designed. The coating structure of the obtained PBS is simple and it is easy to be batch manufactured, which will make a positive impact on fabrication, engineering and application of the new Y-shaped cavity dual-frequency laser.
Research on Man-Machine Function Allocation of Tank Fire Control System
Authors: Chang Tian Qing , Chen Dong , Chen Jun Wei
Published: October 2012

Man-machine function allocation is an important step in new type tank fire control system design. Aiming at the problem of engineering application abilities deficiency in current method, a flow of function allocation is proposed. System working mechanism, functions and tasks are analyzed to define the level of automation and guide preliminary design. AHP is adopted to seek out the optimal plan. The method can offer new theory reference for intelligent tank fire control system design.
Research on Grid-Connected Inverter Based on Current Track Control in Wind Generation System
Authors: Lin Cheng Wu , Jiang Qi Guang , Ma Li
Published: October 2012

In wind generation system, the control of the grid connected inverter is most important in achieving the transformation and transmission of the power. The system is controlled by the feedback of the instantaneous current, and the synchronous signal of the grid voltage is used as the current track command of the inverter directly. The system uses the closed-loop control of the feedback grid current to get the unit power factor transmission. The control system model of grid connected inverter based on switch function is set up, and the simulation and experiment results show that the proposed control strategy can achieve a better quality of the current fed back to the grid and improve the stability and dynamical performance of the grid connected inverter.
The Realization of Image Recognition Software in CAD/CAM System of Digital Adaptive Lead-Mould
Authors: Hou Hai Jing , Gao Qi Mei
Published: October 2012

With the development of science and technology, especially the development of computer technology, visual technology on the base of digital image processing technology provides the means of observation for the medical objective. On the other hand, the computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing which are widely used in mechanical processing industry provide the effective method for complex shape precision machined. This image recognition software is designed mainly aimed at conformal lead mould CAD/CAM system, and it is the part of the system. The result of the final implementation is that target area edge data is outlined in a single pixel extracted from the form and is stored in the form of text style file.
An Investigation of the Thermal Performance of a Novel Axial Grooved Heat Pipe
Authors: Yang K.M. , Wang N.H. , Jiang C.H. , Cheng L.
Published: October 2012

Heat pipes are devices capable of very high heat transfer and have been widely used in many thermal management applications. An experimental investigation of thermal characteristics of heat pipe with axial ‘‘Ω”-shaped grooves was presented in this paper. The effects of angle of inclination and input power on thermal performance of heat pipe were investigated, the surface tension and gravity both impacted the fluid flow in heat pipe, and which one was dominating was analyzed. Experimental results indicate that the working temperature of heat pipe, the axial temperature differences and the maximum axial temperature differences increase when increasing the input heat flux. The total thermal resistances become smaller with the input power increasing, but become bigger with the angle of inclination increasing. And the trend of the thermal coefficient of heat pipe reverses that of the total thermal resistance. The influence of gravity on thermal performance is weaker than that of the surface tension.
A Stratified Optimization Method for Camera Self-Calibration
Authors: Sun Qian , Xu Dong
Published: October 2012

We present an efficient stratified optimization approach for self-calibration of a camera in the case that its focal length and the principal point location are unknown. Generally we can assume that the two views are of the same focal length, and the pixels are nearly perfectly rectangular, also it is possible to know the aspect ratio rather accurately. In our approach, we use singular value decomposition to solve a modified Kruppa Equation to derive the focal length with the supposition that the principal point is at the center of the image, and perform an exhaustive search for the principal point near the center of the image to minimize a cost function. We can get a much accurate result with the optimized principal point location.
Research on Load Bearing Structure of the Hydraulic Climbing Device of Caliper Type
Authors: Liu Kai , Zhou Hai Ying , Jiang Ming
Published: October 2012

According to the characteristics of hydraulic climbing system of caliper type, the load bearing structure of hydraulic climbing system of caliper type is optimized. A precise finite element method formulation is used in calculating stability of load bearing structure taking both axial force and axial displacement into consideration. An example is given to show the calculation results of the precise finite element method formulation is matched with the calculation results of classic Euler Equation. Finally some useful suggestions are given.
Research on Gear Total Accumulative Pitch Error Measure Method
Authors: Liu Qi , Wei Yu Lan , Li Bing , Han Zhi Feng , Jin Meng Dan
Published: October 2012

In the light of the shortcoming that gears traditional measurement methods not only consume time and labor, but also have a great contrived factor, a new methods of total accumulative pitch errors measurement based on the coordination measurement machine is put forward, which can scan tooth profile coordinates automatically and quickly within the effective work scope of tooth profile, conduct the data processing directly and obtain the deviation through the involutes deviation to achieve online measurements. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the measurement method has many advantages, such as simple, non-contact and efficient.
The Optimal Coupling Matrix of Stochastic Resonance in Multi-Machine Traction
Authors: Li Yi Hua , Huang Wen Jing
Published: October 2012

In railway transport, stochastic resonance (SR) and some phenomena may happen when multi-machine traction system is hauling a sequence of carriages. These phenomena may vary with the coupling coefficients among these traction machines. To work together fluently and produce the maximum output, energy changes and maximum output of this system can be worked out with the power spectrum of the coupling system. Genetic algorithm can be used to search for the best coupling matrix so as different traction machines can work fluently and efficiently as a whole.
Recovery Strain and Stress Analysis of Fe-Mn-Si Shape Memory Alloy Metal-Lock Staple
Authors: Sun De Ping , Lin Cheng Xin , Liu Lin Lin , Liu Zhi Jie , Zhou Chao Yu
Published: October 2012

A metal-lock staple of Fe-Mn-Si shape memory alloy is firstly used in the repair of large cast iron structure. The paper studied the influence of pre-strain, recovery temperature, thermo-mechanical training on the recovery strain and recovery stress of the metal-lock staple of Fe-17Mn-5Si-2Cr-2Ni-1V shape memory alloy by the tensile testing and recovery stress measurement, and put forward the use principles of the metal-lock staple of the shape memory alloy.
Method Study on System Reliability Calculation and Control
Authors: Wan Yi , Cai Qi Bo , Wang Huan
Published: October 2012

An intelligent method of reliability analysis based on compound algorithm is presented in this paper, support vector machine and analysis of finite element combined with Monte Carlo numerical simulation is integrated to improve simulation computing precision. Mathematic model of reliability calculation on catenary system and compound algorithm model are built, reliability of location supporting seat and location pipe are calculated by the method, location supporting seat and location pipe are critical force-bearing parts of catenary system in the high-speed electrified railway, and fault rate is very high, their reliability analysis is important research subject in railway system, it is difficult to built reliability model of location supporting seat and location pipe because they work in a complex and uncertain environment. In this paper, analysis method of location installation based on support vector machine and finite element combined with monte carlo is used, and the outside parameter influence on location installation is analyzed by the model.
The Study of Reduce the Mismatch Based on the SIFT Feature Matching
Authors: Liu Xiao Yu , Piao Yan , Liu Lei
Published: October 2012

The algorithm of SIFT (scale-invariant feature transform) feature matching is an international hotspot in the areas of the keypoints matching and target recognition at the present time. The algorithm is used in the image matching widely because of the good invariance of scale, illumination and space rotation .This paper proposes a new theory to reduce the mismatch—the theory to reduce the mismatch based on the main orientation of keypoints. This theory should firstly compute the grads of the main orientation of a couple of matched keypoints in the two images and the difference between them. Because the difference of the main orientation of matched keypoints should be much larger than the couples which are matched correctly, we can distinguish and reduce the mismatch through setting the proper threshold, and it can improve the accuracy of the SIFT algorithm greatly.
Paper Pulp Molding Products Structural Design
Authors: Wu Xiu Fu , Wang Fu Ting
Published: October 2012

Paper pulp molding products meet the product-protecting requirements and operating requirements through all kinds of structural forms in the application of product packaging, fixation and product buffering shockproof. Paper pulp molding products structural design influences the buffering performance of paper pulp molding products and packaging requirements of the products, therefore influences the packaging structure, processing production, mold design and processing method of paper pulp molding products.
Experimental Study on Backlash Compensation of CNC Machine Tool
Authors: Shen Xiao Long , Hu Jia Ying , Zhang Ming Jun , Zhang Lai Xi
Published: October 2012

The backlash compensation has a great effect on the synthetical precision of CNC machine tool. Here, the measuring and backlash compensating technologies were investigated for high-speed CNC machine tool. Following, the backlash compensation of the synthetical geometric error of the interpolatimg movement and the evaluation system of position accuracy were proposed during CNC machine tool processing. The results indicate that the basic feature of error is established and provides a basis for putting forward the new error measurement method under the essential measuring condition. It also could be applied for different types of error compensation, shows that the backlash of the milling processing could be well compensated.
Dynamic Characteristics of Centrifugal Fan Impeller Based on Fluid-Solid Coupling
Authors: Liu Mei
Published: October 2012

The non pre-stressing and pre-stressing modal analysis for impeller were computed by software ANSYS, and the unsteady flow for centrifugal fan was simulated by software CFX, at the same time the air pressure around the impeller was obtained. The results show that, the pre-stressing effect will improve the values of natural frequencies of impeller, but the increased values of the natural frequencies are different, the main frequency of air pressure fluctuation around the impeller is equal to the blade passing frequency of impeller, and it will not caused the danger of fatigue failure of impeller.
Research on Wear Performance of Nano-Additives Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy Cast Iron
Authors: Wang Chao Hui , Zhang Zhuan Fang , Wang You , Gu Xiao Hua , Li Sheng Xiao
Published: October 2012

In this paper Cr-Mo-Cu alloy cast irons were prepared by adding nano-additives. The finite element of ANSYS was used to simulate the change of the stress field and strain field of Cr-Mo-Cu alloy cast iron with nano-additives under wear abrasion. The changes of shear stress and strain are also discussed in this paper.
A Theoretical Approach to Twist Design of Chenille Yarn
Authors: Shi Jing Jing , Yang En Long
Published: October 2012

This study examines the twist design of chenille yarns from theoretical consideration. Four kind of chenille yarns were selected for practice validation. The results indicate that there was little deviation between the twist under theoretical approach and the actual tested values; linear density of centre yarn and pile yarn, pile yarn density have significant effects on the twist design of chenille yarns.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Performance of Nanostructural WO3 Induced by Ion in Hydrothermal Synthesis
Authors: Yu Bin , Chen Hai Feng , Yan Ting
Published: October 2012

WO3 nanocrystals have been successfully synthesized via an ion induced auxiliary hydrothermal method. The experiment products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the Photocatalytic oxidation performance of products were characterized by using the photocatalytic oxidation of methyl orange under the condition of hydrogen peroxide. The optimal amount of catalyst required for catalytic oxidation experiments and the concentration of methyl orange (MO) were determined. The experimental results indicated that with he enhancement of metallicity in alkali main group, the photocatalytic activity of the WO3 induced by alkali metal cation increased; The SO42- has higher induce catalytic activity than Cl- when the type and quantity of cation are the same; however, the ion induction on the impact of surface area is quite different, and it founded that they comply with this regular pattern, that is Na+> K+> Li+ and SO42-> Cl-.
Digital Design and Manufacturing of Zero-Tooth-Difference Mechanism Based on UG
Authors: Han Li , Zhang You Jun , Li Zeng Wei , Zhang Yue , Han Qiang
Published: October 2012

Digital design and manufacturing is the development direction of CAD/CAM technology. Using the powerful CAD/CAM function of UG software , analyze the tooth profile curve of involute internal gear with , which is a part of electric submersible progressing cavity pump, and realize virtual assembly and wire cut electrical discharge machining. The application based on UG digital design and manufacturing technology can improve production effectiveness, boost production development, save energy and powerfully，and impel the development process of manufacturing industry.
Modelling and Tissue Engineering of Three Layers of Calvarial Bone as a Biomimetic Scaffold
Authors: Hosseinnejad Fatemeh , Imani Fooladi Abbas Ali , Hafezi Forough , Mafi Soroush Mohit , Amiri Afsaneh , Nourani Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2012

In this Study, a New Zealand Rabbit Parietal Bone Was Cross-Sectioned, and Parameters such as Entire Thickness and the Thicknesses of the Compact and Spongy Tables Were Morphometrically Measured by Imagej Software. the Pore Size of the Cancellous Table Was Also Analysed, and a Calvarial Bone Model Was Created. Based upon a Natural Model for Bone Repair, a Nano-Structured Scaffold Was Designed Using Bioglass and Gelatin (BG) as its Main Components. the Scaffold Was Prepared Using Layer Solvent Casting Combined with Freeze-Drying, Layering Techniques, and other Commonly Used Techniques. the Fabricated BG Scaffolds Were Made with Different Percentages of Nanoparticles, and the 10% and 30% Constructions Were Found to Be Respectively Similar to Compact and Spongy Bone. we Fabricated Three Lamellar Scaffolds with Two Compact Layers on the outside and One Spongy Layer in the Middle to Mimic the Composition and Structure of Natural Bone. the Chemical, Physical, and Biological Tests (including Cell Seeding on Scaffold and MTT Assay) that Evaluated this Scaffold Examined its Capacity to Promote Bone Repair. Fabricated Scaffolds Implanted in Rabbit Calvaria and Evaluated the Bone Repair by X-Ray. this Mimetic BG Scaffold Could Be an Excellent Candidate for a Synthetic Calvarial Bone Graft.
Development of 3D Antibiotic-Eluting Bioresorbable Scaffold with Attenuating Envelopes
Authors: Chow Benjamin , Baume Alex , Lok Peter , Cao Jake , Coleman Nick , Ruys Andrew John , Boughton Philip
Published: October 2012

Thick Section 3D Bioresorbable Scaffolds Are Proposed as a Potential Alternative to Biologic Skin Grafts and Supportive Fillers for Non-Healing Chronic Wound Ulcers. Synthetic Bioresorbable Scaffolds Avoid Human and Animal Derived Contamination Risks, Provide Feasible Shelf Life, Availability and Cost, and Act as a Consistent Platform for Localized Drug Elution. A Bioresorbable Polyester-Based Scaffold (Infilon™) Was Investigated as a Drug Delivery Vehicle for Chloramphenicol Antibiotic (CAP) Combined with a Bioactive Envelope. the Effect of Varying Envelope Protocols on Antibiotic Elution Profile and Antimicrobial Potency on Scaffolds Were Analysed. the Maximum Antibiotic Loading Efficiency of the Scaffold Was 10.18% W/w. the Antibiotic Elution Profile Showed that the Burst Phase Lasted One Hour Subsequent to a Sustained Phase Approaching near Asymptotic Release. Envelope Permutations of Bulk Metallic Glass (BMG) and Bioglass 45S5 Reduced the Total Amount of Antibiotic Released by 1 to 1.8 Mg while the Polyethylene Oxide Envelope Extended the Burst Phase to 2 Hours. CAP Loaded Scaffolds Demonstrated Antimicrobial Effectiveness for 24 Hours. Results Show Potential for the Infilon™ Scaffold to Be Used as a Platform for Localized Antibiotic Delivery. Delivery Profiles Can Be Enhanced with Additional BMG or Bioglass Envelopes. this Approach Has Opportunity to Provide a Synergistic Coupling of Antimicrobial Action and the Harbouring of Granular Tissue Subsequent to Final Wound Healing.
Degenerate Recognition of MHC Class I Molecules with Bw4 and Bw6 Motifs by a Killer Cell Ig-like Receptor 3DL Expressed by Macaque NK Cells
Authors: Maloveste Sebastien M. , Chen Dan , Gostick Emma , Vivian Julian P. , Plishka Ronald J. , Iyengar Ranjini , Kruthers Robin L. , Buckler-White Alicia , Brooks Andrew G. , Rossjohn Jamie , Price David A. , Lafont Bernard A. P.
Published: October 2012

The killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) expressed on the surface of NK cells recognize specific MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules and regulate NK cell activities against pathogen-infected cells and neoplasia. In HIV infection, survival is linked to host KIR and MHC-I genotypes. In the SIV macaque model, however, the role of NK cells is unclear due to the lack of information on KIR–MHC interactions. In this study, we describe, to our knowledge, the first in-depth characterization of KIR–MHC interactions in pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina). Initially, we identified three distinct subsets of macaque NK cells that stained ex vivo with macaque MHC-I tetramers loaded with SIV peptides. We then cloned cDNAs corresponding to 15 distinct KIR3D alleles. One of these, KIR049-4, was an inhibitory KIR3DL that bound MHC-I tetramers and prevented activation, degranulation, and cytokine production by macaque NK cells after engagement with specific MHC-I molecules on the surface of target cells. Furthermore, KIR049-4 recognized a broad range of MHC-I molecules carrying not only the Bw4 motif, but also Bw6 and non-Bw4/Bw6 motifs. This degenerate, yet peptide-dependent, MHC reactivity differs markedly from the fine specificity of human KIRs.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MALARIA IN ENDEMIC AREAS
Authors: Autino Beatrice , Noris Alice , Russo Rosario , Castelli Francesco
Published: October 2012

Malaria infection is still to be considered a major public health problem in those 106 countries where the risk of contracting the infection with one or more of the Plasmodium species exists. According to estimates from the World Health Organization, over 200 million cases and about 655.000 deaths have occurred in 2010. Estimating the real health and social burden of the disease is a difficult task, because many of the malaria endemic countries have limited diagnostic resources, especially in rural settings where conditions with similar clinical picture may coexist in the same geographical areas. Moreover, asymptomatic parasitaemia may occur in high transmission areas after childhood, when anti-malaria semi-immunity occurs. Malaria endemicity and control activities are very complex issues, that are influenced by factors related to the host, to the parasite, to the vector, to the environment and to the health system capacity to fully implement available anti-malaria weapons such as rapid diagnostic tests, artemisinin-based combination treatment, impregnated bed-nets and insecticide residual spraying while waiting for an effective vaccine to be made available.
Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Imaging to Pathology
Authors: Piciucchi Sara , Barone Domenico , Gavelli Giampaolo , Dubini Alessandra , Oboldi Devil , Matteuci Federica
Published: October 2012

The aim of this review is to describe the multimodal imaging (ultrasound, magnetic resonance, computed tomography, and nuclear medicine) of primary hyperparathyroidism and its correlation to the pathological findings. In the last decades, imaging science has progressed a great deal. Accurate preoperative localization of the involved glands is essential for surgical success.
Assessing the Performance of Medical Personnel Involved in the Diagnostic Imaging Processes in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Kawooya Michael G. , Pariyo George , Malwadde Elsie Kiguli , Byanyima Rosemary , Kisembo Harrient
Published: October 2012

Objectives:

Uganda, has limited health resources and improving performance of personnel involved in imaging is necessary for efficiency. The objectives of the study were to develop and pilot imaging user performance indices, document non-tangible aspects of performance, and propose ways of improving performance.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional survey employing triangulation methodology, conducted in Mulago National Referral Hospital over a period of 3 years from 2005 to 2008. The qualitative study used in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and self-administered questionnaires, to explore clinicians’ and radiologists’ performancerelated views.

Results:

The study came up with following indices: appropriate service utilization (ASU), appropriateness of clinician's nonimaging decisions (ANID), and clinical utilization of imaging results (CUI). The ASU, ANID, and CUI were: 94%, 80%, and 97%, respectively. The clinician's requisitioning validity was high (positive likelihood ratio of 10.6) contrasting with a poor validity for detecting those patients not needing imaging (negative likelihood ratio of 0.16). Some requisitions were inappropriate and some requisition and reports lacked detail, clarity, and precision.

Conclusion:

Clinicians perform well at imaging requisition-decisions but there are issues in imaging requisitioning and reporting that need to be addressed to improve performance.
Comparative Study of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide and Hyaluronidase vs Placental Extract in 60 Cases of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Naik Sudhir , Naik Sarika S , Ravishankara S , Appaji Mohan K , Goutham MK , Devi Nonthombam Pinky , Mushannavar Annapurna S
Published: October 2012

Background

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a common premalignant condition caused by chewing arecanut, betel quid and gutkha with tobacco. Its medical treatment is not yet fully standardized, although the optimal doses of its medical treatment is in the form of triamcinolone acetonide combined with hyaluronidase or intralesional placental extract.

Objectives

We compared the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide combined with hyaluronidase in group Avsplacental extract in group B.

Design

Comparative case series analysis series study with random allocation of 60 patients equally into two groups.

Materials and methods

Patients of OSMF (60) were randomly allocated into two groups A and B. Group A (n = 30) patients received combination of triamcinolone acetonide (10 mg/ml) + hyaluronidase (1,500 IU) at weekly intervals for 8 weeks. Group B (n = 30) patients received 2 ml of placentrex injection intralesionally at weekly interval for 8 weeks. Treatment outcome was evaluated on the basis of improvement in trismus, oral mucosal pattern and reduction in burning sensation.

Results

Trismus improvements in group A with combination of triamcinolone acetonide + hyaluronidase were significantly better to that in group B where placentrex was used. No significant difference in results in the two groups were observed as far as improvement in oral mucosal pattern and burning sensation were compared in the two groups.

Conclusion

Combination of triamcinolone acetonide and hyaluronidase intralesionally is more effective than placental extract intralesionally in treatment of OSMF. But placental extract injections are cost-effective. No side effects were seen in both study groups.

How to cite this article

Naik SM, Appaji MK, Ravishankara S, Goutham MK, Devi NP, Mushannavar AS, Naik SS. Comparative Study of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide and HyaluronidasevsPlacental Extract in 60 Cases of Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Int J Head Neck Surg 2012;3(2):59-65.