bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diseño de sistema de emisión de polizas para el seguro vida inversión de una compañía de seguros
Authors:   , Alarcon Quispe Ivan Miguel , Angeles Lujan Daniel
Published: July 2021

En el presente documento de tesis, podremos explicar la problemática y propuesta de solución a nivel diseño del proceso la emisión de pólizas para el Seguro Vida Inversión. Con fines de confidencialidad mantendremos en reserva el nombre de la empresa y utilizaremos el seudónimo de “Seguros VERDE” cuando queramos hacer referencia a la misma. .En primer lugar se analizó el contexto de la empresa, logrando identificar los macroprocesos, visualizar sus objetivos y conocer a los interesados .Realizado ello, identificamos que el macroproceso de gestión de operaciones tiene mayor injerencia sobre los objetivos de la empresa y los interesados, por lo cual decidimos proponer una solución sobre el proceso emisión del Seguro Vida Inversión , ya que se realiza desde su inicio a fin de forma manual e impacta en la gestión de Operaciones, partiendo por la búsqueda de la información del cliente ya que se tiene que buscar de forma manual en 5 diferentes bases de datos que posee la empresa, cálculos erráticos de las primas y proyecciones en las cotizaciones, verificaciones de forma manual de las solicitudes, emisiones. Todo ello genera una demora en la entrega de una solicitud de cotización hacia los clientes, muchas veces el cliente termina desistiendo de la solicitud y/o se logran emitir pólizas con primas de asegurabilidad no favorables para la empresa. Para poder resolver con eficacia los problemas descritos anteriormente, identificaremos las reglas de negocio , los requerimientos funcionales y no funcionales del proyecto , permitiéndonos escoger los drivers arquitectónicos del proyecto y así poder ir justificando nuestra propuesta de solución .Se propone un diseño de un sistema el cual permita automatizar los procesos de la emisión de pólizas del Seguro Vida Inversión , con el fin de optimizar los tiempos de entrega de la solicitudes hacia los clientes, cálculos correctos de primas, verificaciones automáticas de emisiones, emisión y cálculos de fondos de pólizas automatizados. Asimismo, mediante un entorno big data integraremos las 5 base de datos de los clientes de la empresa, obteniendo así una base única de clientes, el cual permitirá a los agentes de ventas realizar una búsqueda de manera eficaz y eficiente. Finalmente, nos apoyaremos del diagrama de 4c para poder visualizar nuestra solución arquitectónica desde un alto nivel de contexto hasta realizar acercamiento cada vez más acotados bajo diagramas de contenedores, componentes y diagramas de código, los cual permitirán explicar gráficamente nuestro diseño arquitectónico.
Reglas de origen del APC Perú-EE.UU. como condicionante en la competitividad de las exportaciones de polos (t-shirts) de algodón a Estados Unidos, a 10 años de su entrada en vigencia
Authors:   , Cabrera Chelge Melissa Mercedes , Quispe Roca Ivette Fanny
Published: July 2021

Los polos de algodón son uno de los principales productos con mayor exportación del sector textil debido a la calidad de su confección y fino acabado. El Perú, desde el 2009, cuenta con un acuerdo promocional comercial con EE.UU., principal importador de polos de algodón peruano, sin embargo las exportaciones a dicho destino no han tenido el crecimiento esperado. Por lo cual, la presente investigación tiene la finalidad de identificar si las reglas de origen negociadas en el APC Perú- EE.UU. son un condicionante en la competitividad de las exportaciones de polos de algodón, considerando el periodo de 10 años desde la entrada en vigencia de dicho acuerdo. Para llevar a cabo la investigación, se ha revisado los antecedentes históricos previos al APC, las reglas de origen y las reglas específicas, para tener un mejor panorama de la situación del problema, asimismo se realizó un análisis situacional global, regional y nacional. La presente es una investigación con enfoque cualitativo que recolecta los datos de forma primaria directamente de los principales actores de las exportaciones de polos de algodón hacia EE.UU., mediante entrevistas, de las cuales se obtuvo como resultado que si bien es cierto que las reglas de origen establecidas en el APC Perú – EE.UU., exigen el uso de hilado originario de una de las partes de los países miembros, y de cierta manera condiciona la competitividad, sin embargo es un punto que los exportadores pueden y han venido manejando desde antes de la entrada en vigencia del APC.
Na distância da vítima: moralidade sobrevivente e a produção televisiva do indivíduo empreendedor de si
Authors: Lage Leandro Rodrigues , Vaz Paulo Roberto Gibaldi
Published: July 2021

O artigo analisa, em reality shows de sobrevivência, indícios de uma transformação cultural e moral do que se entende e se legitima como vítima, sofredor e como sobrevivência na contemporaneidade. A partir da observação do programa Largados e Pelados, do Discovery Channel, argumenta-se que essas produções televisivas investem narrativa e esteticamente tanto na espetacularização do sofrimento, quanto na produção cosmética do sobrevivente. Desse modo, a figura do sobrevivente passa a fazer parte de um tipo de pedagogia e de racionalidade orientados por uma lógica neoliberal de produção de indivíduos empreendedores de si. Esses reality shows atuam, portanto, como dispositivos produtores de modos de subjetivação associados ao heroísmo prodigioso e moralmente legítimo do sobrevivente, cuja imagem em negativo é a da vítima incapaz de superar os infortúnios com resiliência.
PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES OF A NEW KAPPA-OPIOID ANALGESIC RU-1205 COMPOUND AT A SINGLE PERORAL ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Spasov A. A. , Smirnova L. A. , Grechko O. Yu. , Eliseeva N. V. , Lifanova Yu. V. , Rashchenko A. I. , Zhukovskaya O. N. , Morkovnik A. S. , Anisimova V. A.
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study is the investigation of the pharmacokinetic properties of the RU-1205 compound, with previously identified kappa-agonistic and analgesic effects, at a single oral administration, as well as comparison of the relationship between its pharmacokinetic and analgesic properties.

Materials and methods. Pharmacokinetic parameters of RU-1205 after the oral administration at the dose of 50 mg / kg were investigated using the method of High Performance Liquid Chromatography  with determination of the concentration of the compound according to the previously constructed calibration schedule. The indices of the area under the pharmacokinetic curve, clearance, half-life, residence time of the drug molecule in the body, a total (apparent) volume of distribution, as well as the indicator of absolute bioavailability, were calculated. The tissue distribution and excretion of RU-1205 were studied.

Potential metabolites of RU-1205 were predicted using the PALLAS 3.00 program. The study of the analgesic activity was carried out on a model of central somatogenic pain with electricalstimulation, with the dynamics assessment of the voltage amplitude of the corresponding reaction of the "tail-flick" reflex.

Results. The compound under study is rapidly adsorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, reaching a maximum concentration by the end of the first hour of the study, and is determined in plasma within 12 hours. Its half-life is 17.7 hours. The absolute oral bioavailability is 37.3%. It was found out that the compound is withdrawn within 3-4 days. The main route of excretion is extrarenal. Biotransformation of a substance probably proceeds mainly with the formation of oxidized forms of the initial molecule by reactions of the first phase of metabolic transformation. The analgesic effect is long-lasting: it starts after 15 minutes and lasts for 12 hours with flattening of the curve by the 8th hour.

Conclusion. When administered orally, the test substance undergoes a long process of elimination, has the greatest tropism for the elimination organs and undergoes active biotransformation processes in the body of animals. As a result of it, active metabolic products with an analgesic activity are, possibly, formed.
Contrarreferenciamento farmacoterapǦutico: experiǦncias vivenciadas por profissionais de saǧde em um hospital de ensino
Authors: Costa Josiane Moreira da , Silva KǦnia Lara
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Compreender o processo de contrarreferenciamento farmacoterapǦutico na rede de cuidados, a partir das experiǦncias de profissionais de saǧde. MǸtodo: Estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na sociologia compreensiva, desenvolvido em um hospital de ensino, sendo entrevistados 14 profissionais de saǧde. A coleta de dados ocorreu, por meio de entrevistas, realizadas a partir de um roteiro semiestruturado. Realizou-se anǭlise de conteǧdo e identifica��ǜo de categorias. Resultados: Identificaram-se as categorias os "des"caminhos do referenciamento e em busca de um contrarreferenciamento poss��vel, em que o contrarreferenciamento apresenta-se como uma a��ǜo frǭgil, influenciado pelo medo da reinterna��ǜo, quest��es de acesso e, principalmente, fragilidade dos processos de comunica��ǜo. Quanto ��s possibilidades de melhoria, tǦm-se prepara��ǜo da alta com antecedǦncia, reconhecimento das subjetividades dos pacientes e fortalecimento da comunica��ǜo. Considera����es finais: O contrarreferenciamento Ǹ constru��do a partir das rela����es e vivǦncias dos atores sociais, sendo que ocasiona impacto no processo de cuidado, devendo ser fortalecido.
Cǽncer durante a gravidez: anǭlise dos casos com Ǧnfase nos resultados obstǸtricos e neonatais
Authors: Cieto Jǧlia Ferreira , Santos Laleska Andres Costa , Gozzo Thais De Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Objetivos: Conhecer as interferǦncias do cǽncer no processo gestacional e seu desfecho, identificar as neoplasias mais frequentemente diagnosticadas em mulheres no per��odo reprodutivo. MǸtodos: Foram coletadas, informa����es dos prontuǭrios de mulheres que vivenciaram o cǽncer, durante a gesta��ǜo, no per��odo de 2011 a 2018, acompanhadas em um hospital de referǦncia. Resultados: Os cǽnceres mais prevalentes, durante a gesta��ǜo foram: mama, colo do ǧtero, leucemia e linfoma, 64,29% das grǭvidas estavam no segundo trimestre. A faixa etǭria foi de 27 a 44 anos, 80% receberam quimioterapia, 73,68% apresentaram complica����es na gesta��ǜo/puerpǸrio, 42,11% das mulheres foram a ��bito. Observaram-se 70,59% recǸm-nascidos prǸ-termo, 56,25% baixo peso, ocorrǦncia de dois abortos espontǽneos e um natimorto. Conclusǜo: Neoplasias associadas �� gravidez tǦm aumentando em incidǦncia e, contribuindo para a mortalidade indireta na gravidez e no p��s-parto. Destaca-se a abordagem multidisciplinar, centrada no bem-estar maternofetal, alǸm de incluir a mulher e a fam��lia no processo.
O ensino do processo de enfermagem no contexto da Pandemia da Covid- 19
Authors: Da Mata Luciana Regina Ferreira
Published: July 2021

Diante do distanciamento social posto pela pandemia, como podemos lan��ar mǜo de estratǸgias pedag��gicas para conduzir o ensino do processo de enfermagem? Dentre algumas possibilidades, tǦm-se o trabalho com pequenos grupos virtuais a partir de v��deos de simula��ǜo cl��nica que caracterizam um cenǭrio para coleta de dados, estudos de casos fict��cios para ensino do racioc��nio diagn��stico, e a implementa��ǜo de jogos virtuais para estabelecer feedback do conteǧdo apreendido ao final das aulas. Essa discussǜo nǜo se encerra. Neste momento, Ǹ comum termos mais perguntas do que respostas, mas a partilha destas preocupa����es permite reflexǜo e tomadas de decis��es coletivas frente ao processo ensino-aprendizagem. Diante desses duradouros meses de pandemia da Covid-19 fica tambǸm uma certeza de que Ǹ poss��vel mediar o ensino de alguns conteǧdos por meio de ferramentas virtuais. Todavia, a intera��ǜo humana e o contato f��sico que se dǜo por meio da prǭtica cl��nica sǜo imprescind��veis para consuma��ǜo do aprendizado do processo de enfermagem.
The Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers under Fiqh Siyasah Dusturiyah
Authors: Ismail Habib , Hakim Dani Amran , Hakim Muhammad Lutfi
Published: July 2021

The position of migrant workers is often seen as a weak party. To some extent, such migrant workers are regarded as similar to slaves. In Indonesia, the government has to protect all citizens, including those abroad who have the status of migrant workers. Migrant Workers’ Protection Law 18/2017 was issued to protect citizens as migrant workers. However, several migrant workers remained legally unprotected abroad. This study used the normative approach that aimed to discuss the protection of Indonesian migrant workers from two-fold, juridical and fiqh siyasah dusturiyah perspectives. While the government protected migrant workers by issuing Law 18/2017, it has more specifically provided directions and objectives to protect migrant workers. This Law ensures human rights for migrant workers despite legal, economic, and social protection for them and their families. Then, the protection of migrant workers from fiqh siyasah dusturiyah should be under the four principles of the workforce in Islam: human independence, human dignity, justice, and the clarity of the contract and wage transaction.

KEYWORDS: Indonesian Migrant Workers, Right to Work, Islamic Law.
Some issues in pathogenesis of premalignant lesions of the uterine cervix
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Rachkovskaya V.V. , Gorbunov A.P. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Anokhova V.D. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Pashov A.I. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Golikov V.E. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: July 2021

Aetiological and pathogenetic aspects in uterine cervix pathology associated with persistent viral infection by the high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) are considered in this scientific review. The article provides a concise description of the biological structure and life processes of the virus. The main stages of uterine cervix impairment by the viral agent crucial for cancer development are described. Additionally, some mechanisms in the escape of viral progression from the immune control are given insight into. It is considered that, alongside with the aggression of the virus toward the host cells, there is a decline of cellular and humoral immunity in the female’s genitourinary tract, which may determine the growth and development of the neoplasm as well. The article puts a large emphasis on the defensive mechanisms appearing in the female organism as a response to the invasion and the persistence of the human papillomavirus. It is assumed that complete knowledge of pathogenetic mechanisms in development of oncogenic potential of the virus would imply the absence of rampant CIN and cervical cancer development induced by invasion of the agent into the organism
Possibilities in short-term pulmonary rehabilitation in preoperative preparation of patients with lung cancer against the background of COPD
Authors:   Tomsk Regional Oncology Center, Shefer N.A. , Topolnitskiy E.B. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Drozdov E.S. ,   Tomsk Regional Oncology Hospital, Dambayev G.Ts. ,   Siberian State Medical University
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study is to investigate the influence exerted by short-term outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation on functional indices and the course of the perioperative period for patients with lung cancer against the background of COPD Material and methods. According to the study design, lung cancer patients with planned surgical treatment were distributed between groups according to the COPD severity (stages II-IV). At the outpatient stage, evaluation of the pulmonary function and 6-minute walk test were performed. The results of the test and the functional indices were registered with further establishment of the pulmonary rehabilitation procedure complex for the patient. The exercises were performed at home and designed for the duration of two weeks. The complex included cycles of breathing, strength and aerobic exercises with individually adjusted intensity depending on the severity of clinical COPD manifestations and the baseline physical status. Upon completion of the training course, the patients underwent repeated spirometry and the 6-minute walk test. The results obtained were registered and analysed with subsequent surgical treatment of the patients. Results. Minimal changes in functional indices upon completion of the course were registered in patients with COPD stage II, which prevented achievement of statistical significance. Therewith, patients with COPD stages III and IV who had undergone the course of exercises were noted to show statistically reliable improvement of pulmonary function (FEV1) and improvement of the overall physical status, which is testified to by enhanced tolerance to externally imposed physical loads (p<0.01). Apart from that, decreased HR values (p<0.01)) growth of SpO2 values (p<0.01) and decreased shortness of breath (p<0.01) were registered in these groups after the 6-minute walk test. No statistically significant differences in relation to the number of postoperative complications or the term of in-hospital stay were revealed between the groups in the postoperative period. Conclusion. Performance of a pulmonary rehabilitation course during the preoperative period reliably improves functional indices in patients with COPD stage III and IV, which may be of crucial significance for determination of functional operability at the outpatient stage
Gallbladder polyps: diagnosis and treatment tactics (literature review)
Authors: Perekhodov S. N. , Nikolaev D. V. , Saidov S. S.
Published: July 2021

Gallbladder polyps are an elevation of the mucous membrane that protrudes into the lumen of the gallbladder cavity. Pathology, according to world literature, occurs with a frequency of 0.3% to 13.8%. Currently, the diagnosis of polypoid formations of the gallbladder is based on the routine use of ultrasound, without further clarifying research, which often leads to errors in treatment tactics. In the domestic literature, there are very few studies on this topic, despite the relevance of this area.
KETAHANAN LIMA JENIS KAYU TERHADAP SERANGAN DELAPAN JENIS JAMUR PELAPUK
Authors: Suprapti Sihati , Djarwanto Djarwanto , Rini Satiti Esti , Efiyanti Lisna
Published: July 2021

Kayu kurang dikenal yang berasal dari hutan alam saat ini merupakan alternatif bahan baku yang digunakan oleh industri perkayuan nasional. Optimalisasi pemanfaatan kayu kelompok ini memerlukan informasi mengenai ketahanan terhadap serangan jamur pelapuk dari setiap jenis kayu yang digunakan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian ketahanan lima jenis kayu kurang dikenal bagian gubal dan teras, dan pengkaratan logam yang berikatan dengan kayu diuji terhadap jamur menggunakan metode Kolle-flask. Kelarutan kayu dalam NaOH 1% dianalisis mengacu pada standar ASTM D 1110-84. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Albizia sp. dan Syzygium sp. diklasifikasikan dalam kelompok kayu-tahan (kelas II), Santiria sp. dan Lithocarpus ewyckii termasuk kayu agak-tahan (kelas III), dan Xanthophyllum excelsum termasuk kayu tidak-tahan (kelas IV). Kehilangan berat terbesar terjadi pada kayu gubal, Xanthophyllum excelsum yang diumpankan kepada Pycnoporus sanguineus. Rata-rata kehilangan berat kayu teras lebih rendah (termasuk kelas II) dibandingkan dengan kehilangan berat kayu gubal (Kelas III). Kehilangan berat tertinggi dari kayu yang berikatan dengan sekrup dijumpai pada kayu Syzygium sp. yang disekrup dan diumpankan kepada Polyporus sp. Rata-rata kehilangan berat kayu yang disekrup lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kayu tanpa sekrup, sedangkan kehilangan berat tertinggi dari sekrup yang telah berikatan dengan kayu terjadi pada Xanthophyllum excelsum kemudian Syzygium sp. yang diumpankan pada jamur Polyporus arcularius. Didapatkan bubuk karat terbanyak dalam kayu Syzygium sp. yang diumpankan kepada jamur Polyporus arcularius. Lima jenis jamur memiliki kemampuan sedang dan tiga jenis lainnya berkemampuan rendah dalam melapukkan kayu. Pengaruh jamur dalam pengkaratan sekrup semuanya rendah.
A User Recommendation Model for Answering Questions on Brainly Platform
Authors: Cahyo Puji Winar , Kusumaningtyas Kartikadyota , Aesyi Ulfi Saidata
Published: July 2021

Brainly is a Community Question Answer (CQA) application that allows students or parents to ask questions related to their homework. The current mechanism is that users ask questions, then other users who are in the same subject interest can see and answer it. As a reward for answering questions, Brainly gives points. The number of points varies by question. The greater of total points users have, Brainly will automatically display them in the smartest user leaderboard on the site's front page. But sometimes, some users do not have good activity in answering questions. Thus, it is possible to have an urgent question that has not been answered by anyone. This study implements Fuzzy C-Means cluster method to improve Brainly's feature regarding the speed and accuracy of answers. The idea is to create student clusters by utilizing the smartest students' leaderboard, subjects interest, and answering activities. The stages applied in this research started with Data Extraction, Preprocessing, Cluster Process, and User Recommender. The optimal number of clusters in the answerer recommendation in the Brainly platform is 2 clusters. The value of the fuzzy partition coefficient for two clusters reached 0.97 for Mathematics and 0.93 for Indonesian. Meanwhile, the results of the recommendations were influenced by answer ratings. Many numbers of the answer are not given rating because the possibility of the answers are not appropriate or user's insensitivity in giving ratings.
Rain Effect to A 60 GHz Broadband Wireless System’s Performance: Study Case In Purwakarta
Authors: Setyowati Endah , Suranegara Galura Muhammad , Ichsan Ichwan Nul
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, world wide telecommunication researchers are developing 5G technology. One of most important key technology in 5G is Milimeter-Wave (mmWave). This study measure 60 GHz broadband wireless system performance because of it’s promising potentials. However, the use of these frequencies is quite sensitive to rain that resulting an atenuation in the channel. Therefore, this study proposes two schemes to address the problem. The first scheme is the use of QAM modulation (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) and the second scheme is an addition of LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) code techniques. From the results of this study, by using 4-QAM modulation and LDPC coderate 1/2, the broadband wireless system’s performance on the second scheme is better compared to the first scheme with 8.33 dB Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) value to provides BER (Bit Error Rate) 10-4
Challenging the Conventional Interpretation of HCMV Seronegativity
Authors: Waters Shelley , Lee Silvia , Irish Ashley , Price Patricia
Published: July 2021

The majority of adults in the world (around 83%) carry antibodies reactive with HCMV and are thought to retain inactive or latent infections lifelong. The virus is transmitted via saliva so infection events are likely to be common. Indeed it is hard to imagine a life without exposure to HCMV. From 45 seronegative individuals (13 renal transplant recipients, 32 healthy adults), we present seven cases who had detectable HCMV DNA in their blood and/or saliva, or a CMV-encoded homologue of IL-10 (vIL-10) in their plasma. One case displayed NK cells characteristic of CMV infection, and HCMV DNA became undetectable. In other cases, the infection may persist with seroconversion blocked by vIL-10. Future research should seek mechanisms that can prevent an individual from seroconverting despite a persistent HCMV infection, as HCMV vaccines may not work well in such people.
Implementation of HACCP Management System: Case Study of a Baking Industry (cake) in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Jubayer Md. Fahad , Hossain Md. Sajjad , Al-Emran Md. , Uddin Md. Nasir
Published: July 2021

The study aims to provide technical information on the development and application of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) in one of Dhaka's popular baking (cake) industries. A generic HACCP plan in accordance with legal requirements was created after a detailed analysis of data collected from the company. Every step of the production was examined for biological, chemical, and physical hazards. The prerequisite program was designed to address some hazards prior to production, thereby simplifying the HACCP plan. The critical control points were determined by answering the questions in the decision trees. Finally, the HACCP control chart was created to include critical limits, monitoring, and corrective action as components of several HACCP principles. One critical control point (CCP) and two operational pre-requisite programs (oPRPs) were identified throughout the manufacturing process.
Constructs Influencing Students’ Behavioral Intention of Superstar Learning System
Authors: Yu Zhonggen
Published: July 2021

Superstar Learning System is an interactive information platform, where teachers and students can not only have an easy access to various learning resources, but also interact in the whole teaching and learning process. Although there have been a large number of studies devoted to the use of Superstar Learning System in education, very few of them explored its behavioral intention. In order to deal with this missing link in literature, we adopt a random sampling technique and a questionnaire survey to collect data. This study concludes that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, lecturer influence, peer influence, user innovativeness, interface simplicity, and multiple functions exert a positive influence on behavioral intention to use Superstar Learning System. We form a fit extended technology acceptance model (TAM) by including innovative constructs, i.e. lecturer and peer influences, user innovativeness, interface simplicity, and multiple functions. Interdisciplinary research is needed to explore an extended TAM to use Superstar Learning System in the future.
Fabrication of 3D Micro-Blades for the Cutting of Biological Structures in a Microfluidic Guillotine
Authors: Koppaka Saisneha , Zhang Kevin , Kurosu Jalil Myra , Blauch Lucas , Tang Sindy
Published: July 2021

Micro-blade design is an important factor in the cutting of single cells and other biological structures. This paper describes the fabrication process of three dimensional (3D) micro-blades for the cutting of single cells in a microfluidic “guillotine” intended for fundamental wound repair and regeneration studies. Our microfluidic guillotine consists of a fixed 3D micro-blade centered in a microchannel to bisect cells flowing through. We show that the Nanoscribe two-photon polymerization direct laser writing system is capable of fabricating complex 3D micro-blade geometries. However, structures made of the Nanoscribe IP-S resin have low adhesion to silicon, and they tend to peel off from the substrate after at most two times of replica molding in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). Our work demonstrates that the use of a secondary mold replicates Nanoscribe printed features faithfully for at least 10 iterations. Finally, we show that complex micro-blade features can generate different degrees of cell wounding and cell survival rates compared with simple blades possessing a vertical cutting edge fabricated with conventional 2.5D photolithography. Our work lays the foundation for future applications in single cell analyses, wound repair and regeneration studies, as well as investigations of the physics of cutting and the interaction between the micro-blade and biological structures.
Outcomes of chronic hepatitis C depending on patients’ age
Authors:   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Makashova V.V. , Ponezheva Zh.B. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Omarova Kh.G. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mannanova I.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shapieva N.T. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shabalina S.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

In this review, we analyze the dynamics of the formation of liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) with the consideration of age category and special attention paid to elderly patients. It was found that these patients have a significantly higher risk of both LC and HCC due to a reduced immunoreactivity. This is associated not only with the disease duration, but with specific age-related characteristics of the organism. Key words: chronic hepatitis C, age, outcomes, cirrhosis, hepatocarcinoma
Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients with tuberculosis and HIV
Authors:   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bukharina A.Yu. , Mironov K.O. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zimina V.N. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

Tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is the development or progression of tuberculosis associated with restoration of active immune response to mycobacteria following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIVinfected patients. The incidence of TB-IRIS is 18% with mortality reaching 2%. Investigation of TB-IRIS in Russia is very important, since the prevalence of TB coinfection is common among HIV-infected patients; in addition to that, HIV is often detected at late stages characterized by severe immunosuppression, which increases the risk of TB-IRIS. This review focuses on single-nucleotide polymorphisms and some other genetic factors associated with an increased risk of TB-IRIS. Key words: antiretroviral therapy, HIV infection, genetic predisposition, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, TB-IRIS, tuberculosis, gene expression
Seismogravimetric Methodology: Specifics and Applicability to the Siberian Platform
Authors: Kochnev V.A.
Published: July 2021

—The paper presents a new seismogravimetric method for estimating static corrections used in processing of seismic data and in construction of time and depth sections. The method efficiency is demonstrated by comparison of the results of industrial and new experimental processing of data for the western slope of the Nepa–Botuoba anteclise.
Error Control Mechanism Based on Reed-Solomon Code for Wireless Networks
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Shi Kai , Wang Jinsong , Lin Sheng , Xu Guangping , Qiao Fuqiang
Published: July 2021

The reliability of information transmission has a significant influence on network performance, so it has attracted extensive attention from researchers. Many error control mechanisms have been designed and proposed in order to improve the reliability of transmission. However, during transmission in wireless networks, high bit error rate and burst errors often occur, which poses great challenges in the design of error control mechanisms. The existing mechanisms suffer from a problem of either poor error correction ability or waste of network resources. The primary aim of this study is to develop an error control mechanism based on Reed-Solomon (RS) codes, which encodes packets using RS codes, and a re-encoding algorithm is designed for reducing the coded packet length. The proposed error control mechanism can not only reduce the number of redundant bits in the transmission process but also improve the error correction ability as much as possible when burst errors occur. Therefore, both the error correction ability and the network utility are considered in this work. The proposed mechanism was verified through theoretic analysis and by experiments using the NS2 simulator. The experimental results verified the error control ability and throughput performance of the proposed mechanism.
A highly efficient cloth facemask
Authors: Cappa Christopher , Department The San Francisco Opera Costume , Ristenpart William , Barreda Santiago , Bouvier Nicole , Levintal Elad , Wexler Anthony , Roman Sanziana
Published: July 2021

Wearing masks and face coverings helps reduce transmission of respiratory diseases. Much prior research on mask filtration efficiency has focused on fabric type, with less consideration given to mask design and shape. Here, we present evidence that increasing the mouth-mask separation distance engenders an increase in the mask-fabric filtration efficiency towards expiratory aerosols emitted via vocalization, which we attribute to a decrease in the expiratory jet velocity and expansion of the breath-mask contact area. We further assess the performance of a new reusable cloth facemask design, originally made for, but not exclusive to, professional singers and having a large mouth-mask separation distance. With proper fitting, these masks achieve overall filtering efficiencies of >93% for both exhaled expiratory aerosols >0.5 microns in diameter from singing and speaking and for inhaled ambient aerosols, better than surgical masks and approaching N95 respirators. Air exchange between the mask deadspace and the ambient environment limits the extent of CO2 buildup and in inhaled air and maintains O2 levels near ambient. The mask design also provides for less inhibited mouth and jaw movement and lower relative humidity, suggesting it may provide a more palatable, high-efficiency alternative to medical-grade masks for the public.
The Effects of rural income project on silk exports and livelihood of smallholder producers in Gatsibo District, Rwanda.
Authors: Ogunlusi Abiola , Olaniyan Olanrewaju
Published: July 2021

Sericulture has been seen in Rwanda as an opportunity for increasing raw materials for the textile industry. Therefore, it has provided a new source of income, reduced unemployment and most likely to improve the livelihood status of poor sericulture smallholder producers by increasing their income earnings. The high yield in silk production has been pleasing due to the favourable climatic conditions for mulberry cultivation, sericulture has been seen as a potential tool to reduce poverty and also to generate foreign exchanges from exportation. The broad objective of this paper focuses on the impact of the livelihood status of smallholder producers in Rwanda. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed in selecting 286 sericulture households’ farmers in Gatsibo district. Data for this study were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, paired-samples t-test, cross-tabulation and chi-square test of independence. The results of this study showed clearly a significant improvement in the livelihood of the farmers. It was gathered that 82% asserted there are organized markets available for silk exportation. 77% affirmed an improvement in their income status. The average level of income per year from cocoon production among the farmers was estimated to be $227.59. It is of topmost priority for this program to continue because its effect has a very positive impact on the livelihood status of the beneficiaries. Farmers should be provided with continuous training, access to credits. If sustained properly it will resolve future challenges and springs more opportunities for farmers and likewise to the country through exports.
A tumor of composite cervical adenocarcinoma with MUCIN gene mutation：a case report
Authors: Guo Meijun , Li Guoping , Jiang Xiuxiu , Lv Shiming
Published: July 2021

Background : There are reports about the coexistence of two kinds of tumors in the same patient,which is believed that this phenomenon is caused by the dedifferentiation between the two tumors.In this paper, we report an human papillomavirus (HPV) negative cervical adenocarcinoma in a patient composed of two adenocarcinoma components,which is first reported.Histologically, both minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA) and poorly differentiated gastric type adenocarcinoma (GTA) components, as well as their transitional area, were observed.Methods : This case of cervical cancer was screened by gene sequencing. For detection of specific somatic mutations in MDA and GTA, we filtered out mutations in malignant cervical cancer blood sample and 7 common cervical carcinoma. Then the genes were screened and identified based on the enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG and related literature reports. Results : We found 13 specific somatic gene mutations in total. Among these genes, only Mucin gene was transformed from gene level to protein level, and was positive in both MDA and GTA components of the patient by immunohistochemistry.Both components had genes mutation of MUC4 and MUC17,the component in MDA had gene mutation of MUC3A,and we found that MUC3A and MUC17 were on the same chromosome. Moreover,MUC3A and MUC4 genes were found to be fused in FusionGDB database. Conclusion : According to the reports of MUC3A,MUC4 and MUC17 genes mutation in cervical adenocarcinoma and gene fusions in tumorigenesis, we speculate that the occurrence of the transformation of pathological type from MDA to GTA in this case of cervical cancer is related to the mechanism of MUC3A and MUC4 gene fusion.We would advice, for HPV negative or atypical cervical lesions, immunohistochemistry of MUCIN genes staining and gene sequencing should be considered, which may find unusual cancer types and change the prognosis of patients.
Structure Based Screening Of Fungal Bioactive Metabolites As Potential Inhibitors Of Main Protease (Mpro) Of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Saraf Ashish , Shrivastava Meghna , Shukla K K
Published: July 2021

The pandemic disease COVID-19 has put the world into a massive threat. Till now no effective treatment has been established and the world is applying lockdowns as a preventive measure against this. Recent studies have identified that COVID-19 main protease (Mpro) is essential for its life cycle and is responsible for the proteolytic mutation of this virus. Thus, destruction of the complete viral particle can be achieved through inhibition of this main protease. The fungal metabolites have already been proved as potential antimicrobial agents hence were selected for in-silico molecular docking, to check their affinity towards COVID-19 main protease. Metabolites like 2H-oxecin-3-one,3,4,7,8,9,10hexahydro-4-methoxy-10-methyl, Eicosanoic acid phenylmethyl ester, HEPES, 2,4-dihydroxy,2,5-dimethyl-furan(3)one and Dodecanoic acid-3-hydroxy have revealed strong binding affinity towards the main protease. Thus, the present study enlightens a path to combat COVID-19 by the use of bioactive metabolites.
Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma of the Cervical Spine – A Case Report
Authors: suisa haggai , Ronen Galia , Eran Ayelet , Sviri Gil Ephraim , Vlodavsky Euvgeni
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Due to its rarity, the clinical and radiological characteristics of spinal solitary fibrous tumors/hemangiopericytomas remain largely unknown, with only 68 cases documented worldwide between 2000 and 2017. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 39-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency department with complaints of persisting headaches, a numbing sensation in both arms and a progressive loss of manual dexterity. Physical and neurological examinations were unremarkable. A cervical contrast-enhanced MRI revealed an intradural intramedullary space-occupying lesion at the C3 level, accompanied by extensive edema. The patient underwent a successful cervical laminoplasty under neurophysiological monitoring with en-bloc removal of the mass. She experienced total resolution of her symptoms. Biopsy revealed a grade I solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma of the cervical spine, positive for CD34 and STAT6. Ki-67 index was 2%. Conclusion: This case report combines a rare tumor subtype with a unique presentation, and may further advance our understanding of this clinical entity.
The m6A demethylase FTO promotes esophageal cancer progression through YTHDF1-dependent posttranscriptional silencing of AKT3
Authors: Zang Chunbao , Zhao Fangfang , Huang Dabing , Kong Lingsuo , Xie Minghua , Tan Yiao , Pu Youguang
Published: July 2021

Background : N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) is the most abundant modification in eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and plays important roles in many bioprocesses. However, its functions in esophageal cancer remain elusive.
Methods : Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and transcriptomic RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were used to screen the target genes of FTO. Western blot, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemical (IHC) were used to detect FTO expression in cell lines and patient tissues. The biological functions of FTO were investigated in vitro and in vivo . RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to explore the specific binding of target genes.
Results : We discovered that the RNA demethylase FTO was significantly up-regulated in esophageal cancer patients. Knockdown of FTO drastically reduced esophageal cancer cells (ESCCs) proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. On the other hand, overexpression of FTO significantly promoted ESCCs growth and invasion. Moreover, we found that the m 6 A methyltransferase METTL14 negatively correlates with FTO function on esophageal cancer progression. By using transcriptome-wide m 6 A-Seq and RNA-Seq assays, we identified AKT3 is the target of FTO, which acts in concert in esophageal cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. Moreover, loss and gain functional studies confirm that YTHDF1 mediates m 6 A-increased translation of AKT3 mRNA.
Conclusion : Our results uncovered an METTL14/FTO/YTHDF1/AKT3 signaling network that regulates the esophageal cancer progression.
PTCSC1 Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression by AKT Pathway
Authors: jiang xingkang , ren shaokun , zhang zheng , zhang wei
Published: July 2021

In bladder cancer the expression of PTCSC1is elevated, but how PTCSC1influencetumor progression are still unclear. We found that in human bladder cancer PTCSC1 is upregulated. The study showedthat the expression level of PTCSC1 is higher in bladder cancer tissuesthan that of PTCSC1 in para-carcinoma tissue. Furthermore, PTCSC1promoted bladder cancer cell migration and invasion, and decreased expression of PTCSC1 inhibited the expression of matrix metalloprotease MMP2and MMP9, and increased the expression level of E-cadherin. PTCSC1 promoted tumor growth in a mouse model of human bladder cancer. Additionally,PTCSC1 shRNA caused a significant decrease in p-AKTexpression in T24 cells and BIU-87 cells, but the overexpression ofPTCSC1got an opposite result.Allthe results showed that PTCSC1 can influencebladder cancer cellmigration and invasion ability by the AKT pathways. PTCSC1 may be an effective therapeutic target in bladder cancer.
The evolution of life history strategies in plants and its relationship to the evolution of protective cellular mechanisms against reactive oxygen species
Authors: Zakhary Abraam , Nagarajan Aashika , Ngo Charlotte , Saidajan Marwa , Babbar Supreet , Brown Jason
Published: July 2021

Purpose. The Oxidative Stress Theory of Aging (OSTA) states that accumulation of oxidative damage is a major contributor to aging; however, until now, no studies have examined whether perennial plants exhibit cellular mechanisms to better protect themselves against oxidative damage than annual plants, nor how these mechanisms may have evolved. Methods. We undertook three approaches to evaluate the capacity for annual and perennial plants to resist oxidative damage. The first approach involved using an electrolyte leakage assay to assess the rate of cellular damage in leaves exposed to exogenous H 2 O 2 . The second approach involved determining the concentration of exogenous H 2 O 2 required to maximize germination rates, which provides insight about the antioxidant levels in seeds. The third approach involved assessing the susceptibility of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b to exogenous H 2 O 2 and determining chlorophyll a/b ratios. We also conducted an ancestral state reconstruction of life history strategies in order to interpret our results in an evolutionary context. Results. Leaves from deciduous and evergreen perennials showed a lower rate of cellular damage than leaves from annuals when exposed to exogenous H 2 O 2 . Seeds from deciduous perennials—but not biennials or evergreen perennials—required a higher H 2 O 2 concentration to maximize germination rate compared to seeds from annuals, suggesting that seeds from deciduous perennials have higher antioxidant levels. Although chlorophyll b was found to be more susceptible to damage from exogenous H 2 O 2 , chlorophyll a/b ratios did not differ among life history strategies. Ancestral state reconstruction revealed that the ancestral plant was most likely an evergreen perennial. Conclusion. Our results showcase that resistance to oxidative stress is necessary for perennial plants to survive over multiple years. The mechanisms responsible for the increased tolerance of perennial species to oxidative stress has not been fully elucidated by this study, but it does not involve changes to chlorophyll a/b ratios, as such changes could disrupt photosynthesis. The developmental onset of these protective mechanisms was delayed in evergreen perennials compared to deciduous perennials, perhaps because the ancestral evergreens were primarily focused on rapid colonization of the terrestrial environment, which requires faster germination rates induced by higher H 2 O 2 levels.
Non-DRR NGOs coping strategies for livelihood development in the coastal communities of Bangladesh: a Case Study
Authors: Seddiky Assraf , Seddiky Assraf , Giggins Helen , Gajendran Thayaparan
Published: July 2021

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of non-DRR NGOs’ programs focusing on their contribution to the uplift livelihood of the disaster-affected coastal communities. Researchers conducted a field study in Satkhira, the most disaster-prone coastal district of Bangladesh, and interviewed 45 respondents, including NGO officials, local government bodies, and community beneficiaries, applying purposive sampling. For analyzing data, Researchers used thematic analysis methods with NVivo software's assistance. Study findings reveal that NGOs’ community-based awareness and advocacy, mobilization of local resources, and primary healthcare programs contributed to enhancing community livelihood by promoting their attitudes and capacities to cope with disasters. However, their microfinance and infrastructure-related programs reinforced community vulnerability and exposure to disaster by increasing poverty, exclusion, and disparities among them. In conclusion, the study signifies the value of integrating sustainable infrastructure, environmental impact assessment on health and agriculture for promoting effective livelihood strategies in coastal communities.