bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of the Temporal Integrator Processing Strategy for cochlear implants in realistic listening conditions
Authors: Shahidi Lidea , Carlyon Robert P. , Vickers Deborah , Goehring Tobias
Published: November 2024

Speech perception remains challenging for cochlear-implant recipients in conditions containing background noise. Modifications to the sound processing strategy could improve the transmission of information by the cochlear implant, alleviating speech perception difficulties in noise. One such modification, the temporal integrator processing strategy (TIPS), uses a model of temporal masking to identify and remove stimulation pulses that are unlikely to be perceived. In a previous investigation, TIPS significantly improved the perception of CIS-processed speech in the presence of speech-shaped noise (Lamping et al. 2020). This study extends the previous investigation to include conditions that better reflect everyday listening through two pre-registered double-blind within-participant experiments. The first experiment tested speech perception with CIS and TIPS and found that speech intelligibility in speech-shaped and multi-talker noise was unaffected by TIPS processing, although TIPS-processed stimuli achieved slightly lower quality ratings than their CIS counterparts in quiet (p = 0.044). The second experiment compared TIPS to ACE and found that both speech intelligibility in a multi-talker noise and speech quality ratings in quiet were unaffected by TIPS processing. Given that TIPS removes a substantial number of stimulation pulses, TIPS was estimated to result in net power savings between 22% and 42%, without compromising speech perception in the presence of background noise.
Conceptual priming affects the efficiency of White (but not racially minoritized) children’s social categorizations
Authors: Reid Grace , Lei Ryan F , Kinsler Brandon , Faber Naomi
Published: November 2024

Once children learn category-relevant traits and characteristics, they must automatically apply them to people to navigate social interactions. Yet, how social categorization becomes automatic is not entirely clear. The present work tests whether and how priming conceptual knowledge of social categories might influence the efficiency of social categorization across development. Children (N = 223; Mage = 7.24, SDage = 2.51; 132 girls, 90 boys; 50.26% racially minoritized; 49.74% White) were primed with gender-relevant, race-relevant, or neutral words and then gender-categorized racially diverse faces under a time constraint. Priming concepts of social categories delayed categorization for White children 6 years and younger. By 12 years, priming categories facilitated White children’s automatic categorizations. Conceptual priming did not affect the efficiency of racially minoritized children’s social categorizations. Top-down information then contributes to how social categorization becomes efficient, but children’s identity influences what information they use to inform categorizations.
Predicting and Explaining Assessment Center Judgments: A Cross-Validated Behavioral Approach to Performance Judgments in Interpersonal Assessment Center Exercises
Authors: Grunenberg Eric , Stachl Clemens , Breil Simon Mats , Schäpers Philipp , Back Mitja D
Published: November 2024

Although Assessment Center (AC) role-play assessments have received ample attention in past research, their reliance on actual behavioral information is still unclear. Uncovering the behavioral basis of AC role-play assessments is, however, a prerequisite for the optimization of existing and the development of novel automated AC procedures. This work provides a first data-driven benchmark for the behavioral prediction and explanation of AC performance judgments. We used machine learning models trained on behavioral cues (C = 36) to predict performance judgments in three interpersonal AC exercises from a real-life high-stakes AC (selection of medical students, N = 199). Three main findings emerged: First, behavioral prediction models showed substantial predictive performance and outperformed prediction models representing potential judgment biases. Comparisons with in-sample results revealed overfitting of traditional approaches, highlighting the importance of out-of-sample evaluations. Second, we demonstrate that linear combinations of behavioral cues can be strong predictors of assessors’ judgments. Third, we identified consistent exercise-specific patterns of individual cues and cross-exercise consistent behavioral patterns of behavioral dimensions and interpersonal strategies that were especially predictive of the assessors’ judgments. We discuss implications for future research and practice.
Workshop Penulisan Artikel Ilmiah Menggunakan Manajemen Referensi di SMK Negeri 3 Pangkep
Authors: Fachrunnisa Nurul , Nuraeni Nuraeni , Aisyah Sitti , Wahab Isnaeni , Tanasy Novalia , Astri Zul , Utari Putri , Awalia Eka Putri , Ashar Fitri Amalia , Mutiara Mutiara , Kardila Kardila
Published: November 2024

Memiliki kemampuan dalam mengatur sitasi dan daftar referensi pada penulisan artikel ilmiah merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan mendasar. Terdapat banyak software manajemen referensi yang dapat digunakan agar kegiatan mengatur, menyimpan dan membuat daftar sumber referensi menjadi sangat mudah, diantaranya yaitu dengan software Endnote dan Zotero. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada guru-guru SMK Negeri 3 Pangkep untuk bisa menggunakan software manajemen referensi dalam penulisan artikel ilmiah sehingga para guru dapat lebih produktif dalam menulis. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan respon yang positif dari para guru, mereka berpendapat kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat dan menambah pengetahuan yang baru. Apalagi, sebagai pendidik, mereka diharuskan untuk selalu berkarya dan produktif, dalam hal ini software manajemen referensi sangat mempermudah dalam menuliskan sebuah karya ilmiah.
Образ идеального пастыря в творчестве И. Н. Потапенко
Authors: Тихон Андреевич Смирнов
Published: November 2024

В настоящей статье рассматриваются положительные образы священнослужителя, представленные в ряде произведений И. Н. Потапенко, а также обозначаются основные аспекты служения, от которых, по мнению писателя, зависит успех служения пастыря. На основании этих аспектов будет сделан вывод о цельности понимания предназначения священства И. Н. Потапенко.

This article examines the positive images of the clergyman presented in a number of works by I. N. Potapenko, and also outlines the main aspects of the ministry, on which, in the writer’s opinion, the success of the pastor’s ministry depends. On the basis of these aspects, a conclusion will be made about the integrity of the understanding of the purpose of the priesthood by I. N. Potapenko.
Глаголица: история и историография
Authors: Всеволод Алексеевич Бакушкин
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена изучению глаголицы в контексте историографии взглядов на создание церковнославянской письменности. В работе рассматривается сама структура азбуки, история её создания, белые пятна в её истории, а также затронуты темы взаимодействия глаголицы с кириллическим письмом и основополагающего библейского влияния на глаголическое письмо.

The article is devoted to the study of the Glagolitic alphabet in the context of Church Slavonic writing. The work examines the structure of the alphabet itself, the history of its creation, blind spots in its history, and also touches on the interaction of the Glagolitic alphabet with the Cyrillic letter and the fundamental biblical influence on the Glagolitic letter. Moreover, the article also examines the question of what factors led to the decline in the popularity of the Glagolitic alphabet, and then almost to its oblivion. Thus, I would also like to note that the goals of the study are not limited to a simple consideration of the above issues, but consist primarily of a systematic analysis of aspects of the topic and the formation of one’s own, possibly new, view of the Glagolitic alphabet and its history.
Conducting the census of 1701–1703 in monasteries: from revision to management
Authors: Shamina Irina N.
Published: November 2024

The article considers the question of how specifically the work on the state census of church property was organized in 1701-1703. The importance of this study is explained by the fact that the scribes sent by the Monastery Order (primarily the clerks) often remained in charge of the described monasteries after the census was completed. The author shows how the scribes obtained an exhaustive picture of the state of the entire monastic property, as well as accumulated data on the financial and economic documentation maintained in the monasteries, its accuracy and reliability, the people responsible for this or that property, estimated current income from various tangible assets, i.e. got acquainted with the entire system of organization of the monastic economy. This allowed them to manage church property at the next stage of the reform and effectively control the movement of financial flows
The policy of territorial reorganization of church parishes in the Olonets region in the second half of the 18th – early 19th century
Authors: Suslova Evgeniia D.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of the study of the reasons and the realization of the policy of territorial reorganization of parishes in Olonets uyezd, the goals and basic principles of which were formulated at the legislative level in the XVIII century. The effort to support the clergy of the tiny “monastic” parishes that emerged after the secularization reform of 1764 prompted the diocesan authorities to closure small parishes and reorganize parishes with large number of households. The reorganization of parishes that had taken in the late 1760s and 1810s were not systematic, however had ambivalent effects. On the one hand, the bishops began to solve ongoing problems on the delimitation of a group of vast parishes boundaries. On the other hand, they could not attain improvements in the welfare of the clergy and the maintenance of churches at the proper level. Furthermore the liquidation of economically incapable parishes without proper attention to the spiritual life of local communities resulted in the flourishing of the popular orthodoxy and the strengthening of the Old Believers positions.
On the eve of the parish revolution
Authors: Melentyev F. I.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the characteristics of parish life and discussions about the fate and structure of Orthodox parishes in the Russian Empire in the XVIII – early XX centuries, as well as the coverage of these subjects in the latest monograph by A.L. Beglov.
Diary of a peasant Ivan Glotov
Authors: Khatanzeiskaia Elizaveta V.
Published: November 2024

The review of Ivan Glotov's published diary reveals the peculiarities of the peasant lifeworld at a critical time (before and after the October Revolution 1917) reflected in this unique historical source. The review details the specific features of the Soviet collectivization in the Russian North, which interrupted the prosperous, hasteless and genteel life of the Northern Russian village.
Evaluation of sampling methods of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in two citrus growing areas
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – Agrosavia, Perez-Artiles Lumey , Montes Rodríguez José Mauricio ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – Agrosavia, Parra-Fuentes Madeleyne ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – Agrosavia, Brochero-Bustamante Carlos Esteban ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – Agrosavia, Ossa-Yepes Juan Felipe ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – Agrosavia, Guzmán-Sánchez Luisa Fernanda ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – Agrosavia
Published: November 2024

Efficient, easy to implement and low-cost monitoring methodologies are necessary to obtain information on arthropod pest populations and to implement the most convenient and timely phytosanitary control practices. To optimize the sampling and monitoring of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae), an insect associated with the transmission of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and Ca. L. americanus, which cause Huanglongbing (HLB), a disease with a great impact on citrus orchards, three methods of adult sampling (yellow sticky traps, sweep net, and stem tap) were evaluated. For immature sampling, vegetative shoots were checked. The results demonstrate that the population density at the time of sampling affects the effectiveness and sensitivity of the sampling methods. Yellow sticky traps capture more adults and are the only effective method at low psyllid densities. Stem tap and sweep net are less expensive methods; however, they do not detect adults nor correlate with the number of nymphs and eggs in vegetative shoots when adult density is low. For adults, an optimal sample size was determined for each method. For yellow sticky traps, 3 to 5 traps for a 2-hectare plot with weekly frequency are recommended. For immatures, it is recommended to estimate the percentage of infestation by inspecting 45 to 55 vegetative shoots well-distributed within a 2-hectare plot, as a practical measure for farmers and extensionists to monitor D. citri.
Comparing fermented food and vitamin E on exercise-mediated Nrf2/ARE activation in middle-aged/ elderly: A randomized, double-blind clinical study
Authors: Cervi Joseph , Rastmanesh Reza , Ahmadi Amir , Ayala Antonio , Aperio Cristiana , Lorenzetti Aldo , Osato Maki , Marotta Francesco , Nardin Antonio , He Fang
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study investigated the effects of fermented papaya preparation (FPP®) and vitamin E on gene expression in middle-aged/elderly individuals, leveraging FPP’s established antioxidant and immune-regulatory benefits. 
Methods: Graded Exercise Walking Test was administered twice weekly for 6 months. Total Antioxidant capacity (TAC) and gene expression (Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1) in PBMC were measured monthly. 
Results: Throughout the 6-month study, routine biochemistry and BMI remained stable. Both treatments significantly improved Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Vitamin E exhibiting earlier effects (3 months). Notably, FPP® supplementation led to sustained over-expression of nuclear Nrf2 in all subjects, surpassing Vitamin E’s effects.  NQO1 gene expression was rapidly and consistently upregulated in the FPP group, exceeding baseline and Vitamin E levels throughout the study. HO-1 gene expression was upregulated by FPP at 1 month in younger age quartiles (Q1-2) and at 3 and 6 months in all subjects, regardless of age and gender. In contrast Vitamin E did not significantly impact Nrf2, NQO1, or HO-1 gene expression. 
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that FPP, unlike Vitamin E, potentiates Nrf2 signaling, triggering a downstream epigenetic cascade. Notably, our clinical data reveal that physical exercise combined with functional food supplementation partially restores impaired Nrf2 signaling in elderly individuals.
Economic-ecological assessment of multi-crop small-scale model farms in the Republic of Armenia (piloting results from Gegharqunik region)
Authors: Galstyan Meruzhan , Sayadyan Hovik , Meliqyan Andreas , Sahakyan Aghvan , Sahakyan Narek , Martirosyan Hamlet , Aleqsanyan Valeri , Hakobjanyan Inna
Published: November 2024

Background: Biogenic elements such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are major pollutants of Lake Sevan's water, causing eutrophication and deterioration of water quality. Untreated wastewater, sewage, agriculture, fish farming, and other activities are significant sources of these pollutants. Vegetable cultivation, heavily reliant on mineral fertilizers and chemicals, and livestock breeding contribute substantially to nitrogen pollution in the lake. However, improved vegetable growing practices, including small-scale agriculture using organic fertilizers, natural soil improvers, and eco-friendly bio-liquids as growth stimulants, can enhance the socio-economic conditions for farmers in the Lake Sevan basin. These practices promote environmentally friendly, water-saving land-use methods, reducing nitrogen leaching into the lake.
Objective: This study aims to demonstrate the socio-economic and environmental benefits of applying innovative agro-technology to small-scale farming in the Lake Sevan watershed (Gegharkunik region). Specifically, the study objectives are to determine the quality characteristics of crops grown in small-scale farms and compare these quality indicators between yields obtained through the proposed technology and traditional cultivation methods.
Methods: Field trials of multi-crop systems were conducted on 0.25 ha land plots in four variations across four different locations in the Lake Sevan watershed. The trials were evaluated for various parameters. Nitrate content, dry matter, starch, vitamin C, and sugar levels were determined in potatoes, cabbage, broccoli, beets, and green beans, while fat content was measured in green beans and green peas.
Results: Economic efficiency calculations revealed that utilizing the proposed innovative agro-technology in a multi-crop small-scale farm (0.25 ha) yielded a 20-25% increase compared to traditional cultivation with synthetic fertilizers, accompanied by notable environmental benefits.
Conclusions: The study demonstrates that small-scale agricultural practices employing the proposed agro-technology have significant socioeconomic and environmental impacts on local farmers.
Keywords: Cultivation of non-traditional crops, organic farming, small-scale farming, activities, economic and ecological evaluation, and food quality characteristics.
Os instrumentos de avaliação familiar como aliados da adesão terapêutica: um relato de caso
Authors:   USF MaxiSaúde, Pereira Ana Luísa , Costa Pedro ,   USF MaxiSaúde
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A adesão terapêutica é um desafio frequente da medicina geral e familiar (MGF). O objetivo deste caso clínico é sensibilizar para o recurso a instrumentos de avaliação familiar como um aliado na gestão da adesão terapêutica. Descrição do caso: Mulher, 77 anos, casada, com diagnóstico de perturbação de ansiedade, hipertensão arterial (HTA) e dislipidemia. Apresentava registos de pressão arterial (PA) elevada nas consultas de seguimento ao longo dos últimos quatro anos, mas mantinha-se resistente a qualquer alteração terapêutica sugerida pelo médico de família. Perante este contexto convocou-se a utente para a realização de uma avaliação familiar, no sentido de perceber os seus receios, crenças e expectativas. Apurou-se uma história de conflito com o cônjuge, com um passado de adultério que esteve na origem de uma perturbação depressiva grave, com necessidade de polimedicação. Perante a recordação deste período da sua vida, qualquer tentativa de instituição terapêutica gerava à utente uma grande ansiedade. Estabeleceu-se como plano a revisão da terapêutica atual, tentando otimizá-la sem realizar alterações na quantidade de comprimidos diários. Nas consultas subsequentes verificou-se uma total adesão à terapêutica instituída. Comentário: Este relato de caso mostra dois aspetos muito importantes na prática da medicina geral e familiar. Por um lado, reforça a importância dos instrumentos de avaliação familiar na compreensão do contexto dos utentes. Por outro lado, mostra também a necessidade de adaptação do médico quando se depara com casos em que a terapêutica ótima à luz do conhecimento científico atual não é a mais adequada para o utente, que carrega consigo um conjunto de crenças, expectativas e quadros de valores. Chama-se, assim, a atenção para a necessidade das chamadas patient-tailored interventions – dever-se-á tentar, à luz da evidência científica atual, ajustar as expectativas do médico à realidade dos utentes e providenciar uma terapêutica que seja o mais individualizada possível.
PFAPA syndrome: a case report of a challenging diagnosis
Authors:   ULS de Braga, Almeida Tiago de Castro , Mata André ,   ULS de Braga, Leitão Cláudia ,   ULS de Braga, Basto Daniela ,   ULS de Braga, Ferreira Mariana ,   ULS de Braga
Published: November 2024

Introduction: PFAPA syndrome (Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis) is the most common cause of periodic fever in childhood. Typically, it occurs in children up to five years old and is characterized by sudden and recurrent episodes of high-spiking fever accompanied by at least one of the other eponymous features. This case report enhances the importance of its recognition, to prevent unnecessary tests and/or treatments. Case description: We present a case of a four-year-old boy, with no relevant background, observed multiple times in primary and secondary care settings due to fever. His parents reported monthly episodes of high fever, usually along with pharyngitis, oral aphthosis, and/or cervical adenitis. He was completely asymptomatic between crises and showed normal growth and psychomotor development. Several oropharyngeal and nasal swab tests were performed, with negative results. After some investigation and articulation with his pediatrician, a diagnosis of PFAPA syndrome was made and he started oral corticosteroids, a single dose on the first day of every episode, obtaining fast and complete symptomatic relief. Comment: PFAPA syndrome diagnosis is challenging, and its process can trigger anxiety in the patient, his family, and even in healthcare professionals. However, this relatively common and benign condition tends to be self-limited, usually with spontaneous resolution before adolescence. Its recognition by the medical community is essential, particularly in primary care settings since family physicians are usually the first point of medical contact within the healthcare system. This case report enhances the family physician’s core competence to manage illness with nonspecific presentations and the importance of the interface with other specialties to provide the best care to the community.
A saúde em Portugal no equilíbrio entre a acessibilidade e a qualidade
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Santos Paulo
Published: November 2024

A saúde em Portugal no equilíbrio entre a acessibilidade e a qualidade
Effectiveness of Body Percussion Exercises on Motor and Social Skills of Male Children With Autism in Mashhad, Iran
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Al-Sabtain University for Medical Sciences, Kerbala, Iraq., Matin Sadr Nader , Ramezani Nafise ,   Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandiz Higher Education Institute, Mashhad, Iran., Zohoorian Zahra ,   Department of English, Faculty of Human Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran., Matin Sadr Farbod ,   Department of Practical Informatics, Faculty of Computer Science, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Deggendorf, Germany., Ruzban Reza ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gharebaghy Soraya ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Khalvati Maliheh ,   Department of Social Work, School of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims Body percussion improves cognitive, visual-spatial, and psychomotor skills such as body awareness, hand-eye coordination and writing skills, as well as laterality, social-emotional stimuli, and friendly relationships of the students. In addition to educational effects, this method has also led to the development of motor skills, attention, coordination, memory, and social interaction in patients with neurological disorders. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of body percussion on the motor and social skills of boys with autism. Methods The study is quasi-experimental with an intervention. The research employed a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study comprised boys with autism (an age range of 8 to 14 years) studying at Tabassom 1 Elementary School in Mashhad City, Iran (allocated for autism spectrum disorders), in the academic year 2020-2021. The research population size was considered to be 55 students. In this study, the number of participants is 15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group. The sampling was done through convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria. The analysis of covariance was used to determine the statistical significance. Results The Mean±SD age of children participating in the study was 11.2±0.34 years. After controlling the pre-test, significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups regarding the motor skills variable (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding the social skills variable (P>0.05) after controlling the pre-test. Conclusion Based on the findings, body percussion intervention is a physically never-ending stimulus and almost easily available. Thus, it can affect the motor skills of autistic students as a therapeutic modality. However, it has no significant effects on social skills and needs further evaluation.
A Novel Damping Method for Strapdown Inertial Navigation System
Authors: Deng Zhi-Liang , Sun Jin , Ding Fei , Mohamed Ismail Mohamed Wahab
Published: November 2024

 

There are periodic oscillation errors in the strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) when it works in pure inertial navigation mode. It seriously restricts the navigation accuracy of the system. In order to improve the accuracy of the system, the traditional idea of the external horizontal damping in the stabilized inertial navigation system is introduced into SINS. We find that they are equivalent through comparing the damping network of the stabilized inertial navigation system with the compass alignment network. According to the equivalence, the external horizontal damping network of SINS is designed. And the difference between the velocity of the system itself and the velocity of the electromagnetic log are utilized to damp the periodic oscillation. At the same time, a horizontal damping algorithm based on the external velocity is proposed on the basis of the external horizontal damping idea. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by the static base of the three-axis turntable, the swing base experiment, and the vehicle simulation experiment. The experiment shows that the external damping network designed in this paper can suppress the system Schuler periodic oscillation error and improve the accuracy of the system.
Human Rights Violations Caused by State Violence : Hyeongje-Welfare Institution Incident from the Perspective of the History of Healing
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Choi Young-Tae
Published: November 2024

In modern history, Hyeongje-welfare institution is a representative case in which the freedom and human rights of the people were ignored and oppressed. When the incident in 1987 became known to the world, people were greatly shocked. The biggest reason I was shocked is that unbelievable things have been happening in the city for a long time. So, I would like to compare it with the German Holocaust in terms of human rights violations and the eradication of human dignity, look at the similarities and differences, and find out how to heal them from a psychoanalytical perspective.
So far, the main research on sibling support has been from a legal perspective that investigates the damage caused in the process of violence and a perspective that utilizes the concept of disciplinary power to identify the types of human beings that state power seeks to exclude, and ultimately, the type of human beings that power seeks to create. The important control measures of the German Holocaust and the Hyeongje-welfare institution were violence (fighting, beatings), hunger, and human objectification (numbering), and the unique characteristics of the Brothers Welfare Center were that swimmers and administrators lived in the same space and that educational opportunities were provided at appropriate times. It’s a loss. The former made it difficult to objectify one’s experience, and the latter was a factor that continued to make the victim's life difficult after the incident.
Ways to overcome the victims' trauma include making them aware of the meaning and responsibility of Viktor Frankl's life and LaCapra’s action and reflective overcoming. Also, what attitude we should take toward these incidents is the responsibility that Levinas spoke of. He says that my responsibility is that the other is the one and only mode of existence that exists for me.
fogalom diadalútja (?)
Authors: Hubay Miklós
Published: November 2024

Az entitás fogalma és a bibliográfiai univerzum új szempontú felfogása az 1990-es évek második felében jelent meg a könyvtártudományban. Az azóta eltelt csaknem 25 évben az új irányzat egyre nagyobb teret követelt magának, eleinte az elméleti publikációk, később már a gyakorlati implementációk területén is. Ma már nem csupán fogalmi modell (LRM), hanem katalogizálási szabályzat (RDA), illetve az új típusú metaadat-leírásokat hordozni képes technológia (RDF) is rendelkezésre áll, az esettanulmányok száma pedig azóta is örvendetesen növekszik. Maga az entitásfogalom azonban, a szakirodalom tanúsága alapján nem rendelkezik egyetlen, széles körben elfogadott definícióval, amely a könyvtári szakemberek közötti párbeszédet, illetve az új kollégák képzését is megnehezíti. Egyes szerzők bibliográfiai egységként, mások egyedi létezőként, megint mások elemeket tömörítő halmazként hivatkoznak rá. Írásomban e nehézkes heterogenitás mérséklése céljából az entitás kategóriaként történő értelmezésének népszerűsítésére teszek kísérletet, s bemutatom, hogy ennek a megközelítésnek milyen előnyei mutatkoznak a közgyűjteményi informatika, valamint a könyvtárosképzés területén.
An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Predict Physical Properties of Liquid Hydrocarbons
Authors: Virt Márton , Zaghini Francesconi Victor , Drexler Marius , Arnold Ulrich , Sauer Jörg , Zöldy Máté
Published: November 2024

Accurate physical property prediction of newly developed compounds is vital across various industrial sectors, particularly for the customization of fuels and additives. Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently emerged as a best practice in numerous industrial fields because of its capacity for swift and precise calculations. While conventional methods such as group contribution models have been used to estimate physical properties from molecular structure, AI offers significant potential for improving the predictive accuracy. Thus, this work focuses on developing an AI model to predict key properties – boiling points, melting points, and flashpoints – of various hydrocarbons, to demonstrate the AI's superior predictive capabilities. A dataset consisting of 202 organic compounds was created and multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks were employed to estimate these properties using atomic numbers, functional groups, and molecular complexity as inputs. The model's performance was evaluated and compared against conventional group contribution methods on the same dataset. The AI model was further tested on new acetal compounds, revealing its broader applicability in both fuel and chemical sectors. Results show that the AI outperformed conventional methods, excelling in 5 out of 8 hydrocarbon types for boiling points, 7 for melting points, and all 8 for flashpoints.
Analysis of First Professional Written Short-Answer Questions of Four Public Universities of Bangladesh in Regional Anatomy
Authors: Yasmin Farhana , Wahid Sumaiya Binte , Uzzaman Md Akter
Published: November 2024

Background: Analysis of written question papers may reveal the assessment pattern and teaching- learning method of the undergraduate curriculum. Written examination is the most essential assessment tool in the MBBS curriculum and the subjective knowledge of the undergraduates’ can be well assessed by the written assessment. Therefore, analyses of written question papers may reveal the assessment pattern and teaching learning method of undergraduate curriculum. The present study has assessed the weightage given to the different components of cognitive domain in SAQs in the First Professional MBBS Examination in Regional Anatomy under four public universities of Bangladesh.
Objective: To determine the frequencies of question-segments addressing different levels of cognitive domain in the First Professional MBBS written examination in Regional Anatomy of five years (2014-2018) of four public universities of Bangladesh.
Methods: This descriptive type of research was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, BSMMU, Dhaka. Anatomy written short-answer questions (SAQs) both paper I and paper II from 2014 to 2018 of four public universities of Bangladesh were analyzed to determine the frequency of ‘question-segment’s addressing different levels of cognitive domain according to undergraduate medical curriculum.
Results: On analysis it was found that 91.42% ‘question-segments’ were remember-level and 8.58% were understand-level. No ‘question-segment’ was found that have addressed apply-, analyze-, evaluate- or create-levels of cognitive domain.
Conclusion: The research revealed that higher levels of cognitive domain was not addressed properly in the undergraduate written question papers, so, goals of undergraduate curriculum were poorly achieved.
Mediscope 2024;11(2): 52-57
Tác động của sẵn sàng thay đổi đến hiệu suất công việc nhân viên: Nghiên cứu tại các doanh nghiệp đang thay đổi công nghệ
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Lệ Thúy , Lê Thị Hoài Thu , Nguyễn Thị Hồng Minh
Published: November 2024

Cải thiện hiệu suất công việc là một đầu ra quan trọng của các tổ chức khi thực hiện các thay đổi. Nghiên cứu này xem xét tác động của sự sẵn sàng cá nhân cho thay đổi và hiệu suất công việc dựa trên việc đo lường tác động của mỗi thành phần phản ánh sự sẵn sàng cho thay đổi và hiệu suất công việc. Phân tích mô hình cấu trúc tuyến tính (SEM) dựa trên dữ liệu từ 210 người trả lời tại các doanh nghiệp sản xuất đang thực hiện thay đổi về công nghệ, đã ủng hộ 9 trong 15 giả thuyết nghiên cứu được đề nghị. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã khẳng định vai trò của sự sẵn sàng cho thay đổi trong việc thúc đẩy hiệu suất công việc của cá nhân, đồng thời chỉ rõ từng tác động riêng lẻ của nhận thức với thay đổi và cảm xúc với thay đổi và hiệu suất công việc.
Kalundborg Industrial Symbiosis: Circular Strategy in the Light of Mutualism
Authors: Paché Gilles
Published: November 2024

The Kalundborg industrial symbiosis serves as an excellent example of inter-organizational collaboration, showcasing the principles of industrial ecology and the circular economy. Since the 1960s, local companies have developed a network of material and energy exchanges, turning waste and by-products into reusable resources in a mutually beneficial system. This model not only reduces waste and greenhouse gas emissions but also results in substantial savings in energy and raw material costs. Key participants in this symbiosis include companies such as Novo Nordisk, Novozymes, and Statoil, alongside the Asnæs power plant. These organizations exchange flows of heat, steam, gypsum, and biomass, creating an integrated network where one company’s waste becomes a resource for another. The industrial symbiosis has significantly lowered CO2 emissions and saved millions of cubic meters of water, as well as tons of residual materials annually. This research note highlights that trust and inter-organizational collaboration are essential to the success of this circular economy model, while recognizing that its application in other regions will require adjustments tailored to local conditions.
A review of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in endocrine-related disorders
Authors: Rosli Nur Faten Hafizah , Mohd Nor Noor Shafina , Adnan Rose Adzrianee , Sheikh Abdul Kadir Siti Hamimah
Published: November 2024

The endocrine system is a complex network of glands that produce and release hormones that regulate various physiological processes. In the past few decades, the human skin has been identified as an important peripheral endocrine organ that is the main site for the synthesis of vitamin D through exposure to sunlight. Mutations in downstream vitamin D-related gene pathways are associated with disease development. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, which regulates the pleiotropic effects of vitamin D, has been extensively studied in adult populations. Several studies have reported the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents. With changes in socioeconomic status and lifestyle, vitamin D-deficient individuals are prone to developing the disease at a young age. However, geographical and racial differences affect the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and vitamin D endocrine disorders, explaining the nonconsensus effects of polymorphisms and their association with disease development across populations. In this review, we discuss the connection between the vitamin D endocrine system and polymorphisms in the gene encoding VDR in children and adolescents, focusing on its effects on growth, puberty, insulin resistance, and the immune system.
Glucose as a Lipolytic Agent: Studies on Isolated Rat Adipocytes
Authors: Szkudelski T , Szkudelska K
Published: November 2024

In order to elucidate the direct effect of glucose on lipolysis in isolated rat adipocytes, cells were incubated in a buffer with different concentrations of this sugar: 2, 8 or 16 mmol/l. The increase in glucose concentration from 2 mmol/l to 8 or 16 mmol/l enhanced basal lipolysis by 30% and 47%, respectively. Epinephrine-induced lipolysis (1 micromol/l) was also increased by 31% and 32%, when glucose concentration was increased from 2 mmol/l to 8 or 16 mmol/l, respectively. The rise in lipolysis caused by glucose was restricted by H-89 (an inhibitor of protein kinase A, 30 micromol/l), but insulin (1 nmol/l) had no inhibitory action. The augmentation of lipolysis by glucose did not require its metabolism (as demonstrated using 2-deoxyglucose) and was due to the action of this sugar on the final steps of the lipolytic cascade, particularly on protein kinase A. However, short-term exposure of adipocytes to higher glucose concentrations did not restrict the inhibitory action of insulin on lipolysis induced by epinephrine.
Hormonal Control of Net Glucose-Stimulated Lipogenesis During Transition From Brown to White Adipose Tissuein the Goat
Authors: Škarda J
Published: November 2024

Perinatal (1-2 days of age) and one-month-old (24-32 days of age) male goats were used to investigate the effect of age and long-term culture (24 h) of perirenal and omental adipose explants in the presence of insulin, cortisol and bovine somatotropin (alone or in different combinations) on net glucose-stimulated lipogenesis (NGSL, i.e. the rate of lipogenesis in the presence of glucose minus the rate of lipogenesis in the absence of glucose) in the absence and in the presence of catecholamines in acute incubations (2 h). Mean values of NGSL in both freshly prepared and cultured explants were consistently lower in perinatal than in one-month-old goats. Cortisol alone decreased and combinations of insulin plus cortisol increased NGSL in perirenal explants of one-month-old animals. When perirenal explants from these one-month-old goats were cultured in the presence of insulin plus cortisol plus bovine somatotropin, the rates of lipogenesis were lower than those in cultures with insulin plus cortisol. No such effects of these hormones were noted in omental explants of both perinatal and one-month-old animals. In freshly prepared perirenal and omental explants, the rates of NGSL were inhibited by isoprenaline in tissues of both groups of animals and by noradrenaline in omental tissues of animals of the older group only. The mean values of NGSL in cultured explants of perinatal animals were not affected by noradrenaline. Isoprenaline inhibited NGSL in omental but not in perirenal tissue. In older animals the rates of NGSL were decreased by both noradrenaline and isoprenaline in perirenal and omental adipose tissues. Isoprenaline was more effective than noradrenaline in perirenal adipose tissue.
Serum Lipid Resistance to Oxidation and Uric Acid Levels in Subjects with Down's s Syndrome
Authors: Nagyová A , Šustrová M , Rašlová K
Published: November 2024

In subjects with Down's syndrome (DS) increased oxidative stress and consequent oxidative cell damage have been reported. The aim of this study was to assess whether the excessive production of free oxygen radicals in these subjects can affect the copper-induced lipid oxidation resistance measured in fresh whole serum. Since a significant elevation of serum uric acid levels, which is an efficient hydrophilic antioxidant, has been repeatedly reported in subjects with DS, we studied the association between increased serum uric acid levels and lipid resistance to oxidation measured directly in serum samples by monitoring the change in absorbance at 234 nm. The group of subjects with Down's syndrome consisted of 25 individuals (aged 18+/-5 years). Control group included brothers and sisters of subjects with DS (n = 25, aged 17+/-7 years). In subjects with DS, the serum lipid resistance to oxidation (lag time) was significantly higher than in controls (p<0.05) and a concomitant increase in serum uric acid levels was observed (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation between lag time and serum uric acid concentration was found in subjects with DS (r = 0.48, p<0.05), while the positive correlation in the control group was not significant. The results suggest that increased serum uric acid levels repeatedly observed in subjects with DS may be associated with an enhanced resistance of serum lipids to oxidation which is thought to play an important role in the atherogenic process.
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity of Duodenal Enterocytes After Neonatal Administration of Monosodium Glutamate to Rats
Authors: Mozeš Š , Lenhardt Ľ , Martinková A
Published: November 2024

In the present work neonatal male and female Wistar rats were treated intraperitoneally with monosodium glutamate (MSG 2 mg/kg b.w.) or saline (controls) daily for 4 day after birth. At the age of 30 and 80 days, the alkaline phosphatase activity (AP) in the brush border of individual enterocytes, the body fat content and Lee's index of obesity were analyzed. Microdensitometrical quantification of AP was significantly increased on day 30 in males (P<0.01) and on day 80 in MSG-treated male and female rats (P<0.001) as compared to the controls. MSG administration also increased the body fat weight and the obesity index significantly (P<0.001) in 80-day-old animals, but was without any significant effect on their food intake. Our results showed that a) neonatal MSG-treatment may significantly change the intestinal function and b) the investigation of the intestinal enzyme activities may be important in further studies on MSG-induced and other forms of obesity.
Learning Experiences in a Migration Context: California Adult Education in Spanish
Authors: Uribe Ana B , Martínez Arellano Nina Alejandra
Published: November 2024

This study contributes to an understanding of the motivation behind and meanings of the participation of adult migrants, based on their educational experiences within the Plazas Comunitarias program in California. Qualitative semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and a theoretical framework were conducted to guide the analysis. Making friends, learning for work, being able to help and becoming someone were the main motivations recorded. This study contributes to the scarce studies on the motivation in school education of adults and migrant adults. It demonstrates that when migrants are able to balance their time, family obligations, and financial resources, it becomes feasible to attend school and create opportunities to boost their self-esteem, and improve their social lives and living conditions. Challenges of the research include the response time to enter the Plazas Comunitarias program, and the fear of migrants to be interviewed.
Relationship Between Waiting Time and Patient Satisfaction at the Surgery Polyclinic of Bekasi District Hospital
Authors: Yuliati Yuliati
Published: November 2024

Aims : the study aimed to determine the correlation between waiting time and patient satisfaction at the Surgical Polyclinic of the Outpatient Installation at Bekasi District Hospital.
Methods : Time spent waiting serves as the independent variable in this cross-sectional study, with patient satisfaction serving as the dependent variable. Forty participants were surveyed using questionnaires as the major source of information in July 2022.
Results : The analysis reveals that P =.000 (P Value.05) is derived from a Chi Square test of association between waiting time factors and patient satisfaction. Patient happiness seems to correlate with how long they have to wait before being seen. Strengthen time management skills to ensure that medical care is delivered on time and with the highest possible quality.
Conclusions : The research find a significant correlation between patient satisfaction and waiting time in the Surgical Polyclinic at Bekasi District Hospital, suggesting the need for improved time discipline and more responsive medical personnel.
Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis at RSUD Sekarwangi Sukabumi District
Authors: Budhiana Johan , Melinda Fera , Dewi Rosliana , Yulianti Maria , Arsyi Dila Nurul
Published: November 2024

Aims: Chronic renal failure is an increasingly prevalent global health issue, with hemodialysis as the most common treatment method. Factors affecting patients' quality of life include age, gender, education, occupation, and treatment duration. This study aimed to identify and examine these factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 80 hemodialysis patients at RSUD Sekarwangi Kabupaten Sukabumi, using total sampling and questionnaires for data collection. Logistic regression was used for data analysis, and the study received ethical approval.
Results: The Chi-square test results indicate that age, gender, education, occupation, duration of chronic kidney failure, and length of hemodialysis significantly influence the quality of life in chronic kidney failure patients (p < 0.005). Logistic regression analysis identified education as the dominant factor impacting quality of life (OR = 39.316).
Conclusion: The study reveals that age, gender, education, occupation, duration of chronic renal failure, and length of hemodialysis treatment significantly impact the quality of life of patients with chronic renal failure.