bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of climate change on livelihood strategies of farm households: the case of the Lowlands of Wolaita Ethiopia
Authors: Aboye Almaz Balta , Kinsella James , Leza Tekle
Published: November 2022

Climate change affects rural communities that depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. Farmer focus groups and a survey of 400 farm households were used to examine the livelihood strategies used by households in the context of a changing climate and to identify the factors that affect adoption of livelihood strategies in the lowlands of Wolaita, southern Ethiopia. The findings showed that just over half of the farm households depended solely on agricultural activities (crop and animal production) as their primary source of household income. The findings suggest that during a two-decade period, the frequency and severity of extreme weather events increased, which affected the livelihood strategies of farm households. Farmers reported that climate variability affected farming activities by decreasing yields as result of irregular and delayed rainfall as well as impaired animal productivity due to shortage of grass, inadequate water, and illnesses. This study showed that gender, age, level of education, household size, landholdings, livestock ownership, extension advisory contact, total annual income, and access to food aid were significantly affected the adoption of livelihood strategies in the area. The findings suggest that national public policy should support climate-smart agricultural practices, as well as non-farm livelihood diversification strategies, as part of Ethiopia’s national job creation strategy.
Investigating the Effect of Electron Beam Melting Parameters on the Ti6Al4V Alloy: A Simulation Study
Authors: Küçüktürk Gökhan , Akıllılar Hilal
Published: November 2022

Electron beam melting is one of few techniques that can melt powder directly; is a powder bed technique, classified as an additive manufacturing method. The electron beam melting method is based on melting the material to build a high-density solid part by applying a high-energy electron beam to a powder layer in a vacuum chamber. The parameters used during the electron beam melting process significantly affect the properties of the final part being printed. These parameters are beam power, spot size, scanning speed, and layer thickness. It is necessary to choose the best values for these parameters to increase the surface integrity of the part built. This study developed a computational fluid dynamics model with a moving Gaussian distribution electron beam source applied to one layer consisting of Ti6Al4V alloy powders. The model was solved with the ANSYS software to investigate the effects of the selected parameters. The results indicated that the temperature gradients, molten pool sizes, and melting-evaporation temperature ranges were determined by applying the parameter combinations used on the beam-powder interaction throughout the process. The simulation results have emphasised the outcomes determined by the power and scanning speed parameters that directly affect the molten pool dimensions. This way, the status of powder-beam interaction zones has been identified as either within or outside the melting-evaporation range.
Mineral contents, antimicrobial profile, acute and chronic toxicity of the aqueous extract of Moroccan Thymus vulgaris in rodents
Authors: MRABTİ Nidal Naceiri , MRABTİ Hanae Naceiri , DOUDACH Latifa , KHALİL Zineb , KACHMAR Mohamed Reda , MEKKAOUİ Mouna , SHEİKH Ryan , ABDALLAH Emad M. , ZENGİN Gokhan , AL-MİJALLİ Samiah Hamad , BOUYAHYA Abdelhakim , FAOUZİ Moulay El Abbes , ELHALLAOUİ Menana
Published: November 2022

Moroccan flora is rich in plants used in traditional medicine, but the further scientific investigation is necessary. The aim of the research was to evaluate the nutritional content and antimicrobial activity of Moroccan Thymus vulgaris, as well as its possible acute and chronic toxicological effects on rodents. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) was used to determine the mineral content. The antimicrobial activity was determined using a well-diffusion test, a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and a minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) assay. Acute and chronic toxicity studies were conducted in vivo on mice and rats, respectively. Following that, haematological, serum-biochemistry, and histological investigations were performed. Moroccan Thyme was shown to be a source of numerous minerals which are necessary for health promotion. All antimicrobial testing, disc diffusion, MIC, and MBC tests revealed that thyme had potent antibacterial activity against all microorganisms tested. Staphylococcus aureus was the most susceptible bacterium, followed by Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli. Additionally, thyme exhibited great antifungal efficacy against Candida albicans. The acute toxicity results indicated that the aqueous extract of T. vulgaris is almost non-toxic when taken orally. According to the chronic toxicity study, the extract is generally safe when taken orally over an extended period of time. The biochemical and haematological characteristics of the serum and blood were within acceptable limits, and histological examination revealed no abnormalities. In conclusion, the findings of this investigation, confirm the antimicrobial efficacy of the aqueous extract of Moroccan T. vulgaris and its safety for experimental animals.
Resurgence and renormalons in the one-dimensional Hubbard model
Authors: Mariño Marcos , Reis Tomas
Published: November 2022

We use resurgent analysis to study non-perturbative aspects of the
one-dimensional, multicomponent Hubbard model with an attractive
interaction and arbitrary filling. In the two-component case, we show
that the leading Borel singularity of the perturbative series for the
ground-state energy is determined by the energy gap, as expected for
superconducting systems. This singularity turns out to be of the
renormalon type, and we identify a class of diagrams leading to the
correct factorial growth. As a consequence of our analysis, we propose
an explicit expression for the energy gap at weak coupling in the
multi-component Hubbard model, at next-to-leading order in the coupling
constant. In the two-component, half-filled case, we use the Bethe
ansatz solution to determine the full trans-series for the ground state
energy, and the exact form of its Stokes discontinuity.
Outridades ambientais: contribuições ontológicas aos fundamentos da educação ambiental
Authors: Alves Pereira Vilmar
Published: November 2022

Este ensaio de cunho hermenêutico filosófico tem o propósito maior de apresentar, ao campo dos fundamentos da educação ambiental, possibilidades e contribuições de outridades ambientais. Para tanto, num primeiro momento, parte da definição de outridade tendo por referência noções de Edmund Husserl, Emmanuel Lévinas, Maurice Merleau-Ponty e Paul Ricoeur. Em segundo lugar, mostra como podem ser compreendidas as outridades ambientais e as desenvolve a partir dos conceitos de naturezas, intersubjetividade, diversidade, linguagem, espiritual, ancestral, desigualdade e exclusão, ambiente inteiro. Além de definir o conceito de outridade ambiental, o estudo considera que este conceito cria possibilidades compreensivas, dialógicas, denunciativas, existenciais, políticas e de pertencimentos para os fundamentos da educação ambiental que se alargam e se reconhecem nesses tantos outros ambientais.
Gas futures as a factor of the Ukrainian capital market development
Authors: Bublyk Yevhen , Kurbet Oleksandra , Yukhymets Roman
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the paper is to analyze current trends in the gas futures market and the prerequisites for their spreading in Ukraine. The analysis is based on scientific research results, search query time series provided by Google Trends, and statistical databases of derivative markets. The paper reveals the trends in the reshaping of the commodity derivatives market after 2008 in favor of commodity derivatives and the fast-growing volume of gas futures in the EU after 2017. The dual reason for these trends comes from the growing energy challenges and the tightening of financial derivatives regulation. Both reasons depend on real economic activity. This determines the presence of economic prerequisites for the spread of gas futures in the world.The paper identifies the main institutional prerequisites for the spread of gas futures in Ukraine: an active gas exchange with growing volume of the spot trading and a situational factor of the energy market reforming. Initiatives of the gas market liberalization in Ukraine correspond to the energy market reform in EU. The identified trends, prerequisites, advantages and obstacles for the spread of gas futures allow to generalize proposals for state regulation, such as organizing the Ukrainian energy market as a hub to attract participants from other countries, as well as supporting the spread of gas futures on the capital market through the implementation of clearing mechanisms.
AcknowledgmentThe paper was funded as part of the “Determination of institutional conditions for the development of the exchange segment of the gas market” research project (No. 0122U002205), conducted at the State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the NAS of Ukraine”.
Business Development Intervention and Performance of Aquaculture: A Case of Business Groups in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Sofoluwe Nurudeen Afolabi , Oyeniyi Olajumoke Olufunmilayo , Oladimeji Moruff Sanjo
Published: November 2022

Businesses in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are considered crucial to the development of societies. Hence, development interventions from international agencies are introduced to these groups to achieve developmental objectives. However, the importance of such intervention to the overall performance of the enterprises is yet to be examined. The research assessed the contribution of the intervention to the production capacity of SMEs. It also examined the business volume and value of sales of their products and contribution to employment opportunities. Then, the factors influencing participation in the project by the SMEs were also analyzed. Survey data were collected through a structured questionnaire. A stratified random sampling technique was employed to select the business groups. Descriptive statistics and probit regression methods were utilized to analyze the data. The results show an improvement in the production capacity of the participating business groups. Relatively, the average production capacity of medium enterprises is higher compared to the small business groups. The volume and value of sales and employment opportunities created through the financial intervention increase the performance of SMEs in the aquaculture business sector. Education and membership in the association are also found to be significant factors (p < 0,05). The factors affect business group participation in the intervention.
E-learning Acceptance Model in a Pandemic Period with an Expansion to the Quality of Work Life and Information Technology Self-Efficacy Aspects
Authors: Weli Weli , Sjarief Julianti
Published: November 2022

The research is inspired by the COVID-19 pandemic which affects face-to-face learning and leads to the e-learning system. However, educational institutions and related parties are not prepared for this sudden change. So, it is interesting to research the students’ intentions related to learning during the pandemic in the framework of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Specifically, the research aims to analyze the acceptance and satisfaction model of e-learning users amid the pandemic. The proposed model that predicts student intentions and satisfaction with e-learning is an expanded TAM with factors such as quality of work life and information technology self-efficacy. The research provides empirical evidence related to the quality of work balance and the ability to use information technology related to e-learning access, in addition to other factors in the TAM. The data are collected by distributing online questionnaires with a snowball sampling model. The sample includes students who voluntarily fill out the questionnaire from various Indonesian universities. Then, the structural equation model processes the data using a Partial Least Square (PLS) approach and analyzes it through the SmartPLS3 program. The results show that the variables of quality of work life and information technology self-efficacy, such as computers, the Internet, and communication, can explain the acceptance of elearning models, especially during a pandemic. As an implication of the results, the teachers should focus on elearning designs that facilitate access to learning material and student-teacher interactions to attract intentions and increase students’ satisfaction in using e-learning.
A Systematic Literature Review: Limitation of Video Conference
Authors: Yunanda Rezki , Cahyadi Ian Jeremiah , Theophilllus Bryan , Oei Jason , Edbert Ivan Sebastian , Aulia Alvina
Published: November 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world has resulted in limited human activities. Video conferencing is one solution for carrying out activities. Video conferencing helps people reduce the spread of Covid-19 and connects people. With video conferencing, people can meet without being limited by space and time. However, video conferencing still has various drawbacks, such as the inability to interact. Because we only see the video, the lack of technology due to video conferencing requires us to use technology such as computers or cell phones that a stable and fast internet network must support to ensure smooth video conferencing. In this paper, the researcher conducted a literature study to determine the limitations of video conferencing. The results show the various reasons for video conferencing restrictions. Some of these reasons are experienced by lecturers, students, or the lack of infrastructure. Students are challenged to improve their level of study due to the lack of technological support that supports only using video conferencing.
Pengembangan “INDOLATURE”: Aplikasi Website Bertemakan Kebudayaan Sastra Indonesia
Authors: Darmawan Dion , Wijaya Wishnu , Surjanto Christian , Judha Ngakan Made Prakasa , Paramita Muhammad Dana
Published: November 2022

Indonesian literature is a field of science that studies poetry, prose, stories, novels, scripts, rhymes, and other literary works. Along with the development of the era and technology, interest in reading and interest in making Indonesian literature is decreasing. Along with the development of communication and information technology, the dissemination of information becomes faster and wider, for example through the use of the internet. Based on the results data from the research, the authors developed a website-based application that can publish Indonesian literary works with an attractive and interactive display for makers and readers in order to preserve and increase public interest in Indonesian literary culture. The research method used for data collection is using observation techniques, questionnaires, and interviews. As for the development of this website-based application using the Agile Development approach, with the Kanban method. The programming language used is JavaScript using the React.js and Express.js libraries and frameworks, as well as MongoDB for data storage. The results of this research, it is hoped that with the rapid advancement of science and technology, we want to combine technology and Indonesian literature by creating a web application that can help connect readers with other literary writers and reintroduce Indonesian literary culture more. We hope that this application can increase public interest in Indonesian literary culture. In addition, it is hoped that the wider community can access Indonesian literary works more quickly, easily, and comfortably.
Sustainability of Local Literacy towards Epidemic Virus COVID-19 in Indonesia: Hermeneutic Theory
Authors: Manurung Paisal
Published: November 2022

The research aimed to investigate all elements of local literary resilience in Indonesia using hermeneutic theoryinterpretation of issues, giving an understanding of issues, and translating its issues. The interesting thing about the research was local literacy as the creation of harmony in society had shifted from the cultural foundation. Local literacy in society was a transformation of the harmony of lives, ethics, attitudes, and ordinances in fulfilling spiritual and bodily elements. It certainly prioritized all elements in society and government to sustain the local literacy in Indonesia towards of epidemic virus COVID-19. The research applied a qualitative approach. Primary data sources were national and international scientific journals and used authentic phenomenological issues. Based on data collected and indicated the presentation of theory, it is found that there are sustainabilities of local literacy on epidemic virus COVID-19. They are the most crucial the findings reveal local literacy to sustain the resilience of local literacy: resilience to the noble values of the culture, the cooperation of the community with government, resilience to maintain the balance of nature and man, and the resilience of community groups with the other community.
Algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic tonsillitis
Authors: Vladimirova T. Yu. , Lenshina N. Yu.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Features of the course of chronic tonsillitis may vary depending on the age of the patient, his comorbid status and the severity of the disease. One of the characteristic manifestations of the disease are local signs of chronic tonsillitis and manifestations of a systemic inflammatory response. The article considers the issue of increasing the effectiveness of treatment of patients with chronic tonsillitis at the stage of clinical examination by using bioregulatory therapy drugs in complex conservative treatment.   Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of bioregulatory therapy (Traumeel ® S) in the dynamic monitoring of patients with chronic tonsillitis.   Materials and methods. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in patients with newly established and confirmed diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis, decompensated form. The severity of subjective and objective symptoms was assessed using a visual analogue scale, as well as pharyngoscopy data, supplemented by the results of ultrasound examination of the palatine tonsils.

   Results. In the group of patients who took bioregulatory therapy, positive dynamics was observed already on the 2 nd day and related to the reduction of bad breath and sore throat. Comparative analysis in the groups made it possible to note a more significant and faster dynamics in relation to changes in the palatine arches, elasticity of the palatine tonsils and the phenomena of retromaxillary regional lymphadenitis. The monitoring of the condition of the treated patients over the course of 6 months made it possible to identify more rare recurrences of chronic tonsillitis among patients in the complex treatment of which the bioregulatory medicine was used, the frequency of which was 2.8 times lower compared to the control group.   Discussion. The conducted study showed that the use of bioregulatory therapy has a positive effect on the symptoms of the inflammatory process. This is confirmed by an improvement in the general condition of patients in dynamics, a decrease in pain according to visual analogue scale, and an objective assessment of changes in the structure of the palatine tonsils using ultrasonography.   Conclusions. Вioregulatory therapy as of a complex application (oral and parenteral forms) increases the effectiveness of treatment in patients of the dispensary group with a newly diagnosed chronic tonsillitis, decompensated form. Drug can significantly reduce the duration of therapy and reduce the number of relapses after complete recovery within 6 months.
Features of the structure of the external ear and their influence on the course and methods of correction of inflammatory and scar adhesive processes
Authors: Eremin S. A. , Dvorуanchikov V. V. , Anikin I. A. , Pavlova S. S.
Published: November 2022

Structural features of the extarnal ear form a number of factors that affect the course of inflammatory and scar processes. A strong difference in the structure of the external ear requires an individual approach, taking into account their structure. To maintain normal functioning, the external ear has specialized defense mechanisms, such as the presence of ceruminous glands, a weak acidic environment with bactericidal properties, a special epidermal migration mechanism aimed at self-cleaning the lumen of the auditory canal. But in addition to protective factors, the structure of the external ear has features that contribute to the development of a long-term inflammatory process. The data of studies describing the features of the narrowing of the of the cavity external auditory canal, both due to age-related changes in the auricle and due to the bending of the walls of its bone section. The shape of the external auditory canal affects not only the visualization of ear structures, but also the course of the inflammatory process. In the case of the development of scar and adhesive changes in the external auditory canal, this leads to a significant hearing loss. The main principles of the methods developed by the authors for the elimination of scar changes in the external auditory canal, depending on the localization in its departments, are described. In addition to the direct elimination of cicatricial changes, it is mandatory to eliminate the places of maximum narrowing of the external auditory canal with the expansion of its cavity, the formation of a skin lining, taking into account the complexity of epithelialization and the need to restore protective mechanisms. An important role in maintaining the effectiveness of treatment is played by the correct choice of tamponade and stenting for a long time. To correct the inflammatory process and prevent excessive formation of connective tissue, injections of ultra-long-acting glucocorticosteroids are used, carried out directly at the site of scar formation. Such an integrated approach to the correction of scars in the external auditory canal, taking into account the peculiarities of its structure, allows achieving high treatment results (up to 80 %), preventing the recurrence of the adhesive process and prolonged inflammation.
Evaluation of the impact of a special sound signal on the functional state of the hearing organ (experimental study)
Authors: Dvoryanchikov V. V. , Kuznetsov M. S. , Logatkin S. М. , Golovanov А. E.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The integration of special acoustic means into the safety system makes it relevant to conduct biomedical research to evaluate the impact of their effects on the hearing organs.   Objective. To study the characteristics of a special sound signal and its effect on the hearing organ of an experimental biological model.   Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 6 males (12 ears) guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) weighing 200–250 grams at the age of 4 weeks. A set of special audio equipment was used to generate an acoustic signal. The study was conducted in a room with an area of about 47 m2. The time of a single exposure to experimental animals was 3 minutes at a sound level of 127–128 dBA. Before exposure and at different times after exposure (after 24 and 72 hours), the otoscopic picture was evaluated, a Preyer’s reflex and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) was carried out.   Results. The special sound signal was characterized by distinct frequency components and can be attributed to tonal noises. After acoustic exposure to a special sound signal, a normal otoscopic picture was observed in experimental animals. Restoration of the Preyer’s reflex occurred 24 hours after exposure. The restoration of the DPOAEs to background values at frequencies from 1.5 to 3.3 kHz occurred 24 hours after acoustic exposure, at a frequency of 4.2 kHz there was a significant tendency to recovery.   Conclusions. With a short-term (within three minutes) single exposure to a special sound signal with a sound level of 127 to 128 dBA on biological models (guinea pigs), no pathology of the hearing organ was detected. Given the greater resistance of humans to acoustic effects, compared to guinea pigs, this can equally be extended to humans.
The place of phytotherapy in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections
Authors: Orlova N. V.
Published: November 2022

Phytotherapy is based on the use of herbal medicines. Treatment with phytopreparations is characterized by efficiency, low risk of adverse events and the ability to enhance the effect of complex therapy. Herbal preparations are subject to standard requirements for quality control, safety and effectiveness. Inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract are characterized by numerous symptoms that significantly reduce the quality of life of the patient. Along with pathogenetic therapy, symptomatic treatment is used. For the treatment of respiratory diseases, phytopreparations with antipyretic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, mucolytic, bronchodilator and other clinically proven effects are used. The most common symptom of inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract is cough. Many medicinal plants have antitussive effects. Ivy leaf extract has pronounced antitussive and mucolytic properties. The therapeutic effects of ivy are primarily due to the presence of saponins in its composition. Numerous randomized controlled trials have proven the efficacy and safety of H. Helix-based drugs in the treatment of cough in adults. A meta-analysis conducted by Barnes LA et al revealed that monopreparations and combined phytopreparations, including H. Helix, reduce the frequency and intensity of cough caused by viral respiratory infection. In a study involving 5,162 children, efficacy in the treatment of productive cough in children was proven. Currently, there are several medicines based on ivy leaves in liquid and solid forms on the pharmaceutical market of Russia. It leading position in sales of mucolytic agents of plant origin in Russia, due to its high efficiency and low frequency of adverse events.
Effective antibiotic therapy for community-acquired otorhinolaryngological respiratory infection (clinical description)
Authors: Korkmazov M. Yu. , Kornova N. V. , Lengina M. A. , Smirnov A. A. , Korkmazov A. M. , Dubinets I. D.
Published: November 2022

The State Report on the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation speaks of the continued growth of respiratory infections, reaching more than 33 million cases and amounting to more than 606 billion rubles of direct economic damage in 2021. Of particular importance is the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2, and manifestations of its various new genovariants, for example, variant B.1.1.529 called omicron, causes various inflammatory nosologies on the part of the mucous membranes of the ENT organs (acute rhinosinusitis, acute tonsillopharyngitis, acute otitis media). The viral agent, damaging the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract, creates favorable conditions for the activation of the microbial flora. Identification of a respiratory agent is most often carried out only in severe cases of the disease, so the basic diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms. The relevance of studying the rational use of antibacterial drugs in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory infections in practical otorhinolaryngology is associated not only with the frequency of occurrence, but with a high risk of complications. As a rule, antibacterial drugs are actively used in the complex therapy of acute bacterial etiology of the upper respiratory tract. Due to the high variability and increasing antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial agents are not always rationally used for outpatients. In this context, as noted in the clinical guidelines, one of the topical issues is the rational dosed use of antibacterial drugs in accordance with the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and efficacy of prescribing a cephalosporin antibiotic in the form of dispersible tablets in the treatment of patients with acute inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract and ear, as an example, clinical cases.
Clinical efficiency and safety of innovative synovial fluid prosthesis in the treatment of gonarthritis
Authors: Sivordova L. E. , Polyakova J. V. , Papichev E. V. , Akhverdyan Y. R. , Zavodovsky B. V.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Scientific discussions about ways to improve the effectiveness and safety of osteoarthritis (OA) therapy do not stop. The article discusses the most controversial issues of the problem and presents the results of a study on the use of sodium hyaluronate in gonarthrosis.Aim. To compare the clinical efficacy, tolerability and safety of the use of synovial fluid substitute of domestic manufacture and symptomatic slow-acting drugs (SYSADOA) in patients with gonarthrosis. Study design. Prospective, comparative, randomized, single center study. The duration of the study was 12 months.Materials and methods. The study included 180 patients with gonarthrosis, randomized into three groups. Study group: 50 patients treated with Ripart® sodium hyaluronate solution intra-articularly. Comparison group: 30 patients treated with SYSADOA, intraarticular. Control group: 100 patients treated with SYSADOA intramuscularly.Results. The most rapid and pronounced decrease in the VAS index was obtained during sodium hyaluronate therapy: by 31% at the 1st week, by 48% by the end of the 2nd week, with a maximum decrease by 49.1% by the 3rd month (p < 0.001). After 12 months, a lower level of the VAS index was observed: 32% lower than before the start of therapy (t = 47.23; p < 0.001). Comparable results were observed in this group in terms of the dynamics of the AUSCAN/WOMAC index. The effectiveness of therapy in the comparison and control groups was lower (p < 0.05). In addition, the use of sodium hyaluronate provided a significant reduction in the need for taking NSAIDs: 20 patients completely stopped taking NSAIDs (40%), 25 (50%) – they began to take NSAIDs less often or reduced the dose of drugs by 2 times, after 12 months they continued taking NSAIDs only 20% of patients in this group (p < 0.05).Сonclusions. Thus, Ripart® demonstrated high efficiency in reducing pain, contributed to a significant reduction in the need for NSAIDs in patients with gonarthrosis, and has a good safety profile.
Osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands. Review of clinical recommendations
Authors: Filatova Yu. S. , Ilyin M. V.
Published: November 2022

The article discusses the prevalence of osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands. The modern aspects of pathogenesis and the leading role of inflammation in it are highlighted. The article assesses the risk factors for osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands. According to recent studies, one of the important factors that increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands are gender (in premenopausal women, due to a decrease in estrogen levels, a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands is determined compared to men of the same age) and obesity as one of the causes of systemic inflammation. The article draws attention to studies studying a wide range of serum biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic value, as well as the role of synovitis imaging as a factor contributing to the progression of the disease. The article also discusses the latest recommendations of the leading professional communities of EULAR and ARC on the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands. According to modern principles, the treatment of patients should include a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods and is aimed not only at reducing pain and improving the functional state of the joints, the quality of life of patients, but also at preventing / slowing the progression of the disease. Attention is also drawn to the main provisions on the rational use of NSAIDs by leading Russian associations and communities, which focus on possible adverse reactions of NSAIDs. The article pays great attention to the use of chondroitin sulfate as a substance recommended for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands by leading international communities. The authors present the results of a number of studies proving the safety and effectiveness of the use of chondroitin sulfate in osteoarthritis of the joints of the hands.
Comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with post-stroke upper limb dysfunction: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kostenko E. V. , Petrova L. V. , Pogonchenkova I. V. , Neprintseva N. V. , Shurupova S. T.
Published: November 2022

Introduction.The restoration of manipulative activity of the upper limb after an ischemic stroke (IS) requires the development of new technologies aimed at sensorimotor training and retraining. Reduction of spasticity of the upper limb muscles is considered as a necessary component of the program of functional restoration of the handAim.To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the integrated use of rehabilitation technology with virtual reality and biofeedback “SENSOREHAB simulator glove” (RG) and botulinum neurotoxin type A (BTA) to restore the subject-manipulative function of the hand in comparison with an individual complex of physical therapy in the late recovery period of IS.Materials and methods.A randomized controlled trial included 76 patients, age 60.8 ± 9.2 years; the duration of the transferred IS was 8.1 ± 1.3 months. The main group (n = 42) received BTA with subsequent use of RP. The control group (n = 34) – individual physical therapy. The primary results were changes in the scores on the Fugl – Meyer scales (FMA–UL), the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), the test with pegs and nine holes (NHPT). Secondary results: dynamics of MRCS, MAS, MoCA, HADS, Bartel index and quality of life (EuroQol-5D).Results.Improvement of the motor function of the arm in the main group according to ARAT (an increase of ≥4 points) was noted in 63.8% of cases, on the FMA–UL scale (an increase of ≥7 points in sections A–D) – in 65.5% of patients (p < 0.05), according to the NHPT test – a significant increase in the speed of execution The test was performed in 52.6% of patients. The dynamics of EQ-5D-5 (VAS) at the end of treatment reached 72.3 ± 5.7 in the main group (p = 0.03). In patients of the control group, a statistically significant improvement was noted in terms of pain and EQ-5D-5 (p < 0.05).Conclusions.A comprehensive program of medical rehabilitation of patients with post-stroke upper limb dysfunction, including the use of BTA and RG, significantly improves the recovery of fine hand movements, functional independence of patients and their quality of life.
Issues of diagnosis and treatment of mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Grishina D. A. , Lokshina A. B.
Published: November 2022

Cognitive impairment refers to frequent disorders in the elderly and senile, and their prevalence increases with age significantly. Non-dementia cognitive disorders mean a spectrum of changes in the cognitive sphere that precede the development of dementia over the course of many months and even years. Mild forms of cognitive impairment (MCI) are the most studied type of pre-dementia conditions, which in most cases represent a prodromal stage of disorders progressing over time to a dementia syndrome. Early identification of individuals with MCI is important because timely diagnosis of these disorders is expanding the potential impact of the secondary prevention and therapeutic intervention, which can delay or even prevent the onset of professional and social maladaptation due to development of dementia. The article considers the historical issues of studying these disorders, presents the modern principles of their classification and diagnostic criteria. A clinical observation of a patient with a polyfunctional non-amnestic type MCI syndrome is provided. The features of cognitive disorders typical for chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, such as mental retardation, impaired activity arrangement, difficulties with generalisation in relative preservation of memory and orientation in combination with emotional and affective disorders are described. The authors discuss issues of treatment of MCI syndrome, which should be comprehensive and include the correction of all vascular risk factors, non-drug (regular physical activity, cognitive training) and pharmacological treatments aimed at improving cognitive performance. The article describes the possibilities of modern neuroprotective and symptomatic therapy of cognitive impairment, showing the role of choline alfoscerate in the treatment of MCI.
Orofacial and facial pain during the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic. Choosing a non-steroid anti-inflammator – focus on nimesulide
Authors: Trukhan D. I. , Sulimov A. F. , Stepanov I. N. , Trukhan L. Yu. , Degovtsov E. N.
Published: November 2022

Doctors of various specialties face orofacial and facial pain in their practice: dentists, maxillofacial surgeons, neurologists, neurosurgeons, otorhinolaryngologists, therapists, general practitioners, traumatologists, ophthalmologists, psychotherapists, physiotherapists, aesthetic medicine doctors, anesthesiologists, plastic surgeons and other specialists. The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic, spread by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has become a challenge for all medical specialties and health care systems around the world. The respiratory system is the dominant target of SARS-CoV-2. The oral mucosa is also highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, due to the wide distribution of angiotensin-converting enzyme type II receptors in the oral cavity. We searched the literature for the period from the beginning of the pandemic until August 22, 2022, on the study of the association of orofacial pain with a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in the electronic search engines PubMed and Scopus. Analysis of the found sources indicates an increase in the frequency of various types of orofacial pain associated with 1) violation of dentoalveolar and related structures during the COVID-19 pandemic; 2) temporomandibular disorders; 3) with damage or disease of the cranial nerves; and 4) like manifestations of primary headache. This growth is due both directly to the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, its complications, and to a complex of biopsychosocial factors directly related to the pandemic. In the second part of the article, as part of the review, the possibility of using nimesulide for the treatment of orofacial and facial pain during the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed. The choice of nimesulide is supported by 1) the likely coadjuvant effect of nimesulide in the treatment of COVID-19; 2) positive experience with the use of nimesulide in the treatment of facial and orofacial pain in the period preceding the COVID-19 pandemic; 3) the safety of using nimesulide in comorbid patients, who are the main risk group for the development and severe course of COVID-19.
Stress as the basis of polymorbidity and ways to correct it in the early stages
Authors: Polyakova O. A. , Krotkova I. F. , Litvinova S. N. , Ostroumova O. D.
Published: November 2022

Stress is an integral part of every person’s daily personal and work life, and one of the important factors affecting health and longevity. Excessive or prolonged stress, exceeding natural regulatory capabilities and adaptive resources of the body, leads to changes in homeostasis and a wide range of problems, including metabolic syndrome, obesity, mental disorders, cardiovascular disease, etc. Given that stress in this context acts as a risk factor for these conditions, and they can be combined in a patient, it can be seen as the basis for the development of polymorbidity. Polymorbidity, the combination of two or more diseases in a patient, is currently regarded as one of the most serious problems of modern medicine, requiring from the doctor in-depth knowledge in various interdisciplinary areas. Polymorbidity is associated with more frequent use of medical care, lower quality of life, and a higher risk of premature mortality. In this regard, understanding the pathophysiology of stress and knowing how to correct it early is an urgent medical challenge that needs to be solved. The present work gives a brief overview of the organization and (patho-)physiology of the human stress system, discusses the role of stress in the development of polymorbidity, in particular its cardiometabolic phenotype, using the example of the relationship between acute and chronic psychological stress and the development of cardiovascular disease, describes ways of stress management in the early stages, including the use of the combined drug phenobarbital and ethylbromizovalerianate with a multimodal spectrum of action.
COVID-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Çevik Dış Kaynak Sağlayıcısı Seçimi Problemi İçin Sezgisel Bulanık Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme Yöntemi: Türk Beyaz Eşya Sektöründe Bir Uygulama
Authors: GOKER Nazlı
Published: November 2022

Proje yönetiminde çeviklik kavramı, sıralı ve doğrusal olan geleneksel proje yönetimi metodolojilerini geliştirmek
için ortaya çıkmıştır. Çevik bir proje, yinelemelerin yanı sıra planlanmış süreçleri de içermektedir. Rekabetin fazla olduğu
global alanlarda dış kaynak kullanılan süreçlerde çevikliğin sağlanması, şirketlerin değişimlere ve dinamik çevrelere uyum
sağlayabilmesi açısından faydalıdır. Günümüz COVID-19 pandemisi koşullarında çeviklik kavramının önemi eskiye oranla
daha da artmaktadır. Ayrıca, dış kaynak kullanımı süreçlerinde çeviklik kavramının sağlanması, piyasalardaki değişimlerin
ve dinamik sorunların üstesinden gelinmesini sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çevik dış kaynak sağlayıcısı alternatiflerini
sıralamak ve aralarından en iyi performans göstereni belirlemek için ideal çözüme göre bir çözüm elde etmeyi amaçlayan
sezgisel bulanık COPRAS yaklaşımı kullanılmaktadır. Sezgisel bulanık kümeler, bulanık sayılarla yapılan işlemlerde
meydana gelebilecek bilgi kayıpları ve verilerdeki tereddüt ile başa çıkmak için kullanılmaktadır. Sezgisel bulanık karar
verme yaklaşımının uygulaması COVID-19 döneminde Türk beyaz eşya endüstrisinde bir dış kaynak sağlayıcısı tarafından
uzaktan yürütülecek bilgi teknolojileri tabanlı proje için bir vaka çalışması yapılarak sağlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, beş adet
alternatif dış kaynak sağlayıcısı önerilmiş ve 13 adet seçim kriteri kullanılmıştır. Uygulanan yaklaşım, uzmanların görüşlerini
ifade etmek için sezgisel bulanık sayıların kullanılmasını sağlamakta, böylece verilerdeki tereddüt hesap edilebilmektedir.
Önerilen karar modeli, COVID-19 pandemisinin etkilerini çevik dış kaynak sağlayıcı değerlendirme/seçim karar çerçevesine
dahil etmektedir.
Atık Lastik Katkılı Betonlarda Uçucu kül Kullanımının Aderans ve Basınç Dayanımına Etkisi
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Bülent , POLAT Rıza , GÜL Rüstem
Published: November 2022

Beton teknolojisine, çevreye ve ekonomiye sağladığı faydalardan dolayı uçucu kül ve atık araç lastikleri gibi endüstriyel yan ürün ve atık malzemelerin inşaat sektöründe kullanımı büyük kabul görmüştür. Bu çalışmada ise atık otomobil lastiğinin ince agrega yerine hacimce %5, %10 ve %15 olarak kullanıldığı betonlarda bağlayıcı olarak çimento yerine %5, %10 ve %15 oranında uçucu kül kullanımının taze ve sertleşmiş beton özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Taze halde birim hacim ağırlık ve kıvam özellikleri, sertleşmiş halde ise basınç ve eğilme dayanımı ve pull-out yöntemiyle aderans dayanımı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, lastik miktarındaki artışa bağlı olarak taze betonun birim hacim ağırlığı azalmış ve çökme miktarı ise artmıştır, sertleşmiş betonda ise basınç, aderans ve eğilme dayanımları ve elastisite modülü azalmıştır. Ancak uçucu kül ikamesi, basınç dayanımında iyileşme sağlayarak dayanım kayıplarını önlemiştir. %10 uçucu kül kullanımı, %10 ve %15 lastik katkılı betonlarda yaklaşık %30 oranında basınç dayanımını arttırmıştır. Uçucu kül, %10 ve %15 oranında lastik katkısında sırasıyla %16 ve %25 oranlarında aderans dayanımını artırmıştır. Genel olarak %10 uçucu kül, lastik katkılı betonlarda dayanım kayıplarını azaltarak iyileşme sağlamıştır. Uygun oranlarda uçucu kül ve atık lastiğin birlikte kullanımı lastik katkılı betonların fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerinde iyileşme sağlayarak beton teknolojisinde lastik katkılı betonların kullanılabilirliğine katkı sağlamaktadır.
Determination Effects of Rheum ribes L. against High Calorie Diet-induced Obesity: Investigation of Changes in Immunologic and Neurologic Enzymes Activities
Authors: BATİ Bedia
Published: November 2022

This study was carried out to investigate the immunotoxic and neurotoxic effects of Rheum ribes L. (Rr) plant extract on liver, brain and heart tissues in rats with an experimental obesity model. Wistar albino male rats were used in the study. In this study, 4 groups were formed, one of which was the control group, and each group consisted of 6 rats. The groups were the ''control (CG)'', ''high calorie diet (HCD) control (HCDG)'', 'HCD + Rr (200 mg/kg) (HCDRHE1)'' and ''HCD + Rr (400 mg/kg) (HCDRHE2)''. At the end of the study, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), adenosineaminase (ADA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) biomarkers were evaluated in tissues. According to the study findings, the ADA and MPO activity levels of the obese group increased significantly compared to the control group, and these enzyme levels in the groups administered Rr plant extract approached the control group levels. On the other hand, the AChE and BChE activity levels of the obese group decreased compared to the control group, and there was a statistically significant increase in the groups administered plant extracts compared to the control group. In conclusion, Rr plant root extract suppresses neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity in rats with obesity induced by a high-calorie diet (HCD).
CaO and Graphene Oxide Enhances Drought Stress from Callus Tissues of Medicago Sativa L. Cultivars
Authors: YAZICILAR Büşra , BEZİRGANOGLU İsmail , CHANG Yen Ling , NADAR Muthukumar
Published: November 2022

Drought stress can be described as multidimensional stress factors affecting plants’ growth, development, and productivity. In order to reduce the adverse impact of drought stress, a plethora of attempts have been employed. Among those attempts, nano-engineered particles have gained a remarkable attention. Of the relevant particles, calcium oxide (CaO) and graphene oxide (GO) have been well-documented to positively regulate and mediate the plant growth system through shifting physiological biochemical and molecular aspects of the plant. The solo impacts of the nanoparticles are well-known but their interactions were not assayed for Medicago sativa L. cultivars. For that reason, the present study investigates the impact of CaO NPs and GO on the response and regulation of the defensive mechanism in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) callus in drought stress-suffered cultivars.
The activation of CaO-GO can be induced with mannitol in the callus of alfalfa cultivars. Dry and fresh weight values were determined in callus samples. There were significant differences between cultivars and concentration. In terms of MDA, H2O2, proline content, it was observed that the Ca2+ NPs application was important, and it showed a strong link with the resistance degree of cultivars. Erzurum cultivar was observed for better proline content with 1.5 ppm GO. MDA activities demonstrated an increasing trend concerning concentrations of mannitol and nanoparticles. The MDA highest activity was observed with 1/2 ppm CaO+0.5/1.5 ppm GO (0.1849 mg/g FW) in the Erzurum. However, the Erzurum cultivar responded with better H2O2 content with 100 mM mannitol +0.5 ppm (0.1017 mg/g FW). This result has presented, under in vitro conditions, that the supplementation of CaO and GO can importantly reduce the negative impacts of drought stress on alfalfa callus; additionally, it has been seen that the dosages of nanoparticle and mannitol are also important.