bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Open-Pore Film Drainage Systems in Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy: Current Status and Review of the Literature
Authors: Kouladouros Konstantinos , Wichmann Dörte , Loske Gunnar
Published: December 2023

Background: Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) is an increasingly popular endoscopic technique used for the treatment of wall defects in the gastrointestinal tract. Open-pore film drainage (OFD) systems are a new addition to the armamentarium of EVT and have shown encouraging results in a wide spectrum of applications. The aim of this review is to summarize the current literature on the applications of OFD systems in the gastrointestinal tract. Summary: Open-pore film drainage (OFD) systems have been used for the treatment of several defects of the gastrointestinal tract. The small size and easy placement of these devices make them very useful, particularly for the treatment of defects that are small in size or difficult to reach. OFDs have been successfully used for both perforations and anastomotic leaks in various locations, with most reports focusing on the treatment of duodenal defects, although successful applications in the esophagus, stomach, and colon have also been reported. Lately, the role of OFDs in preemptive EVT has also been explored. Key Messages: OFD systems are easy to use, particularly for small defects and challenging localizations. The current literature, consisting mainly of small case series and case reports, shows encouraging results, but further prospective studies are needed to explore and verify the indications and technical aspects of this innovative method.
U-Net-Based Assistive Identification of Bladder Cancer: A Promising Approach for Improved Diagnosis
Authors: Guo Yinsheng , Li Chengbai , Zhang Shuhan , Zhu Guanhua , Sun Lu , Jin Tao , Wang Ziyue , Li Shiqing , Zhou Feng
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Bladder cancer (BC) is a major health concern that poses a significant threat to the population, with an increasing incidence rate and a high risk of recurrence and progression. The primary clinical method for diagnosing BC is cystoscopy, but due to the limitations of traditional white light cystoscopy and inadequate clinical experience among junior physicians, its detection rate for bladder tumor, especially small and flat lesions, is relatively low. However, recent years have seen remarkable advancements in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the field of medicine. This has led to the development of numerous AI algorithms that have been successfully integrated into medical practices, providing valuable assistance to clinicians. The purpose of this study is to develop a cystoscopy algorithm that is real time, cost effective, high performing, and accurate, with the aim of enhancing the detection rate of bladder tumors during cystoscopy. Materials and Methods: For this study, a dataset of 3,500 cystoscopic images obtained from 100 patients diagnosed with BC was collected, and a deep learning model was developed utilizing the U-Net algorithm within a convolutional neural network for training purposes. Results: This study randomly divided 3,500 images from 100 BC patients into training and validation groups, and each patient’s pathology result was confirmed. In the validation group, the accuracy of tumor recognition by the U-Net algorithm reached 98% compared to primary urologists, with greater accuracy and faster detection speed. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of U-Net-based deep learning techniques in the detection of bladder tumors. The establishment and optimization of the U-Net model is a significant breakthrough and it provides a valuable reference for future research in the field of medical image processing.
Microdialysis in Abdominal Organ Transplantation and the Potential for Integration with Dynamic Preservation Platforms and Post Transplant Monitoring
Authors: Hamaoui Karim , Gowers Sally , Boutelle Martyn , Papalois Vassilios
Published: December 2023

The perpetual organ shortage crisis worldwide has meant a paradigm shift in global thinking with subsequent expansion of the accepted criteria for an organ donor to meet the demand. Robust pre-transplant organ viability assessment is the next great challenge in the field of transplantation today. Organ preservation in the nature of static cold storage has reached its limits, and machine perfusion both cold and warm offers theoretically superior preservation and the potential to assess organs. Microdialysis is a novel technique with proven ability to allow remote assessment of tissue biochemistry and metabolism. It has been used in various pre-clinical and clinical models of abdominal organ preservation and transplantation. This review focuses on the use of microdialysis in the assessment of the kidney, liver, and pancreas, and where this novel technology is heading in the context of the assessing organ viability prior to and after transplantation.
Review of the intertidal rove beetle tribe Liparocephalini Fenyes (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) from Japan
Authors: TASAKU YUTO , ONO HIROKI , MARUYAMA MUNETOSHI
Published: December 2023

Japanese fauna of the intertidal rove beetle of tribe Liparocephalini Fenyes, 1918 is reviewed and six genera and 26 species are recognized. A new genus, Rotundicephala Tasaku, Ono & Maruyama, gen. n., is described to include R. pacifica (Sawada, 1971) comb. n. (type species; transferred from Diaulota), R. koreana (Yoo & Ahn, 2021), comb. n. (transferred from Diaulota) and R. koheii Tasaku, Ono & Maruyama, sp. n. Four new species are described: Diaulota decipiens Tasaku, Ono & Maruyama, sp. n., which has been confused with “D. aokii”, D. orientalis Tasaku, Ono & Maruyama, sp. n., R. koheii Tasaku, Ono & Maruyama, sp. n., and Paramblopusa sumikawai Tasaku, Ono & Maruyama, sp. n. Three species, Amblopusa brevipes Casey, 1893, D. submarina Ahn, 2023 and R. koreana, are reported from Japan for the first time. We provide keys to genera and species, illustrations of mouth parts and diagnostic characteristics of each genus, and diagnostic characteristics and illustrations of the genitalia of almost all species. Biogeographical patterns of Diaulota and Rotundicephala gen. n., and the tribal range and monophyly of Liparocephalini are discussed. Three genus-group: the Liparocephalus genus-group, the Amblopusa genus-group, and the Paramblopusa genus-group are recognized in the tribe, but Baeostethus Broun, 1909 known from New Zealand is regarded as incertae sedis. The genera Ashella Klimaszewski, 2020 and Ianmoorea Ahn, 2006 are excluded from Liparocephalini.
Two new species of the genus Metapocyrtus Heller 1912 subgenus Trachycyrtus Heller, 1912 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Pachyrhynchini) from the Philippines
Authors: CABRAS ANALYN A. , BUENAVENTE PERRY ARCHIVAL C. , MEDINA MILTON NORMAN , BOLLINO MAURIZIO
Published: December 2023

Two new species of the genus Metapocyrtus subgenus Trachycyrtus, Metapocyrtus baltazarae sp. nov. Cabras & Bollino (Luzon) and M. siargaonon sp. nov. Bollino & Cabras (Mindanao) from the Philippines are described, illustrated and compared with related species. The new species epithets are derived in honor of Dr. Clare Baltazar as Metapocyrtus (Trachycyrtus) baltazarae sp.nov., and Metapocyrtus (Trachycyrtus) siargaonon sp.nov. after the indigenous inhabitants of Siargao Island.
Tropical Cyclogenesis Bias over the Central North Pacific in CMIP6 Simulations
Authors: Peng Yi , Guo Yi-Peng , Zhao Jiuwei , Tan Zhe-Min , Chen Xu , Feng Xiangbo
Published: December 2023

Current coupled climate models contain large biases in simulating tropical cyclogenesis, reducing the confidence in tropical cyclone (TC) projection. In this study, we investigated the influence of sea surface temperature (SST) biases on TC genesis in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 simulations from 1979 to 2014. Positive TC genesis biases were found over the tropical central North Pacific (CNP) in most of climate models, including the high-resolution models. Compared to coupled models, TC genesis density (TCGD) simulations over CNP in uncoupled models forced by observational SST improved obviously. A warm SST bias over the tropical CNP in the coupled models is the main cause of TC genesis biases. The SST bias–induced diabatic heating leads to an anomalous Gill-type atmospheric circulation response, which contributes to a series of favorable environmental conditions for TC formation over the CNP. Numerical experiments were also performed with HiRAM to demonstrate the influence of SST biases on the TCGD simulation, further confirming our conclusion. The current results highlight the importance of improving TC simulation in state-of-the-art climate models by reducing SST simulation bias.
Using Online Tools to Help Students Elevate Lexical Range in English-as-a-Foreign-Language Writing
Authors: Nguyen Bao Trang Thi
Published: December 2023

Different automated writing evaluation tools have been applied in English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL)/English-as-a-second-language (ESL) writing instruction to facilitate feedback giving and enhance writing quality. Yet they fail to provide needs-driven focused feedback that takes account of learner differences and that drives learning. In the Vietnamese tertiary context where I taught the EFL writing course for the present innovation, vocabulary was underscored as one of the key dimensions to be assessed in students’ EFL writing performance. However, many students were not certain about what they could practically do to elevate lexical range in their EFL writing. They tended to use overtly easy words or else they repeated words that have been used to a large extent. This classroom innovation responded to these lexical problems and the recent calls for the instructional pedagogies to provide needs-driven feedback that empowers learners to explore and edit their writing by themselves. It guided students to expand their lexical range in EFL writing through use of online dictionaries and Text Analyzer, a free online tool to find the Common European Framework of Reference level of their written text. The innovation afforded the students the autonomy to explore, reflect on their lexical use and make informed changes about it. The pedagogical values of the innovation were reported from students’ perspectives and my experience as their class teacher. In light of these benefits, future pedagogical directions for upgrading lexical use in EFL writing are further discussed.
‘Spiritual’ witchcraft and magic 2.0 as weapons of resistance: The emergence of a new movement?
Authors: OBADIA Lionel
Published: December 2023

At the turn of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, the landscape of religions and the dynamics of beliefs are reshaped by several movements. On one side, a ‘return of magic’ in contemporary societies and the rise of a modern witchcraft, and in parallel, and on another side, the rise and expansion of forms of ‘spirituality’. These two movements, both featuring in a specific manner the new face of the sacred, are often considered isolated from each other by social sciences and humanities, and religious studies, they, however, significantly crossover. As a result, modern witchcraft is turning more ‘spiritual’, whereas spirituality is – to a certain extent – becoming more ‘witchy’. With reference to the empirical examples of the emerging movements Magic for resistance and Witches 2.0, this article aims at demonstrating that the issue of politics and empowerment facilitate the cross-fertilization of the two movements in the context of high digitization.
Physicomechanical and erosion wear characterization of PLA/Jute fiber biocomposite
Authors: Sharma Ratnesh Kumar , Kumar Shiv Ranjan
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The present study has demonstrated the effect of short jute fiber on physical, mechanical and erosion wear performance of PLA based composite. Problem Statement: An attempt has been made to develop and investigate the environment friendly and biodegradable composites based on jute fiber and PLA composite. Materials and Method: The erosion wear performance was assessed on Air-jet erosion tester. The design of experiments was prepared as per Taguchi orthogonal array L16 under for different factors of impact velocity, impingement angle, erodent size and jute fiber fraction and level of each factor was kept four. ANOVA was applied to find the best significant factor affecting erosion rate of composite. Main Results: The finding of results indicated that the density significantly increased with the addition of jute fiber and in parallel, it indicated the increment in the void content. The mechanical properties like hardness, tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength and fracture toughness of PLA based composite reinforced with 15 wt.-% jute fiber were increased by 59%, 233%, 42%, 62% and 168% respectively. On the other hand, the thermal conductivity of the composite was decreased by 31% with the addition of 15 wt.-% of jute fiber. The minimum erosion wear rate was obtained for 15 wt.-% of jute fiber under impact velocity of 35 m/sec and angle of impingement of 90° and erodent size of 250 µm. Finally, ANOVA concluded that the impact velocity and jute fiber fraction played the most important role in influencing the erosion wear rate of PLA composite. Recommendation: For many construction and structural applications, jute PLA/fiber composite can be suitable due to excellent mechanical properties and low thermal conductivity.
Oil and Petroleum Product Armington Elasticities: A New-Geography-of-Trade Approach to Estimation
Authors: Balistreri Edward J. , Al-Qahtani Ayed , Dahl Carol A.
Published: December 2023

Exploiting the structural developments suggested by the geography-of-trade literature, we estimate the elasticity of substitution across regional varieties for six crude grades and seven refined products using fixed-effects gravity regressions. We use unique data, compiled by Al-Qahtani (2008), that include global coverage of bilateral trade and transport costs for the crude grades and refined products. We find that the point estimates of elasticities of substitution across import varieties exceed those commonly reported in the literature and those adopted in simulation analysis. Our estimates indicate that there may be far less hysteresis in the pattern of petroleum trade than previously forecast.
Risks and representations: Creating consensus narratives about risk with pregnant women involved with child protection systems in Aotearoa New Zealand and Scotland
Authors: Critchley Ariane , Keddell Emily
Published: December 2023

Social work aspires to empowerment ideals, including taking a ‘non-expert’ position of professional curiosity, and validating the perspectives of people in contact with services. Yet in child protection, social workers are involved in practice that refutes the views and opinions of people and are positioned by their role as an identifier of abuse and risk manager. Social workers and people who are subject to child protection services can be locked into meaning battles regarding the effect of parental behaviour and the representation of risks to children. These negotiations over meanings are especially difficult in the pre and perinatal period, where who controls the representation of the baby's voice or best interests is fundamental to decision outcomes. Using Fricker's concept of ‘testimonial injustice’ as an analytical lens, this article draws on studies in two different contexts: Aotearoa New Zealand and Scotland, to examine the implications of the intense mediation of meanings that affect child protection practice. We find that concepts relating to the importance of mothering, love for children, and extended family relationships were sources of mother's disagreements with professional views of risk, but that through qualified agreement or advocacy from community workers, a shared risk narrative could be constructed.
Water Governance in Puducherry
Authors: Dasthagir K. Gulam
Published: December 2023

This article retraces the emergence of contemporary water governance in Pondicherry/Puducherry as a case study to illustrate how new forms or shades of participatory management strategies have recently been created to address the water crisis in a South Indian locality close to the sea. The article first examines evidence of earlier self-governing institutions, engaging premodern agrarian communities in managing sustainable water resource development. It then contrasts this with how manufactured risks produced in the Anthropocene through modernisation and urbanisation processes created serious local water crises that demanded urgent action and prudent management strategies. The analysis articulates how the resulting new shades of management in the form of private-public partnerships of collective action constitute effective new forms of participatory local water governance.
Pottery in Telangana: Empirical Evidence of Current and Future Challenges
Authors: Silveru Harinath , Sankineni Laxman Rao
Published: December 2023

This article presents and discusses empirical evidence of the socio-economic status of the Kummari potter community in Telangana to highlight the continued primacy of the traditional caste-based occupation as a livelihood option for many Kummari households. Taking a holistic perspective, the research documents the current challenges faced by the community, covering the entire cycle of pottery-making, including input sourcing, production, adoption of new technology and marketing. The article also identifies core policy interventions that need urgent attention in the form of state support, complemented with collectivisation, technology diffusion and capacity-building of the artisans.
Caste Solidarity and Religiosity among Mumbai Dalits during the Covid Pandemic
Authors: Chalwadi Raju
Published: December 2023

This article explores patterns of caste solidarity and religious practices among North Indian Dalits in Mumbai during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing from ethnographic data, it demonstrates how respondents experienced specific vulnerabilities due to their ethnic and caste identities. Following this, solidarities based on caste emerged to strengthen social cohesion and offer a sense of future possibilities. Additionally, on account of the ontological insecurity caused by the pandemic, a renewed collective sense of religiosity emerged, helping local people to manage their precarious existence and mitigating pain. The article concludes by arguing that community solidarity and religious re-assurance mechanisms, given the absence of state support, were their only hope to cope with the pandemic and to navigate COVID-19.
Prioritizing Areas for Development of an 8,000-mi Bicycle Network throughout the State of Texas
Authors: Gernhard Brittany , Hicks Ashton
Published: December 2023

In response to the Texas Bicycle Tourism Trails Act (Texas Transportation Code § 201.9025), the Texas Department of Transportation collaborated with its Bicycle Advisory Committee to investigate the development of a statewide bicycle tourism trails (BTT) network. The conceptual bicycle network is over 8,000 mi long and crosses cultural highlights including historic monuments and national parks throughout Texas. The current bicycle network offers varying levels of service to cyclists and there are substantial gaps in existing bicycle facilities. The development of a statewide BTT network in Texas is envisioned to be a long-term collaborative process built incrementally over many years with many different partners. Geographic information system (GIS)-based visualizations help make the task of planning such a feat easier. High Street Consulting was contracted to develop a visual GIS-based tool that scores segments of the bicycle network based on data-informed criteria pertaining to existing conditions throughout the network. The corridor prioritization tool helps planners select where to target next with regard to developing facilities on the BTT. It allows users to do the following: (a) view planned highway projects and assess where bicycle trail improvements could be coordinated with other construction activities; (b) view parks, historic sites, and other cultural locations in relation to the BTT; (c) upload a locally preferred route; and (d) review reports about cyclist crash history and level of traffic stress for cyclists. The tool is powered by an SQL database in which the data used for scoring are stored and can be updated, and was deployed to a web server using a cluster of Docker containers.
Gender and Intermediate Microeconomics Course Performance: Does Course Type Matter?
Authors: Ahlstrom Laura J. , Switzer David M.
Published: December 2023

This study examines the effects of gender on performance for students taking one of two different intermediate microeconomics courses: a quantitative, calculus-based course and a non-quantitative, non-calculus-based course. We also assess how gender differences in students’ math and verbal abilities and college achievement affect intermediate microeconomics course grades. Our results indicate gender is not a significant indicator of intermediate microeconomics course performance. Math SAT scores and principles of microeconomics course grades are significant predictors of performance for non-quantitative course students only. Cumulative GPAs have strong, positive correlations with grades for students in both course types. These findings have implications for students’ economics major selection and are positive in the context of closing the gender gap in economics degree attainment.

JEL Codes: A20, A22
Eccentric ballistic impact of fiber-metal laminates and aluminum plates supported with different boundary conditions
Authors: Kalfountzos Costas D , Bikakis George SE , Theotokoglou Efstathios E
Published: December 2023

This article investigates the eccentric ballistic impact response of square aluminum and fiber-metal laminated plates with the ANSYS AUTODYN hydrocode. The plates are impacted by a cylindrical projectile with normal high velocity. The validation of the numerical procedure is mainly carried out through comparisons with published experimental data. The modeling procedure and the verification of numerical results are described in detail so as to provide a useful reference. The effect of impact point eccentricity and different boundary conditions on the ballistic resistance of the targets is evaluated. It is found that the ballistic limits of the considered targets can be substantially affected by the boundary conditions and the eccentricity of impact. The targets are sorted in a descending order of ballistic resistance which is found invariant to the impact position.
Composite adaptive control of submarine and parameter identification by integral regressor excitation
Authors: Lee Keum W , Singh Sahjendra N
Published: December 2023

In this article, we develop a novel composite adaptive control system for the dive-plane maneuvers and parameter identification of a multi-input multi-output submarine model. The composite adaptive control system consists of (1) an input–output feedback linearizing control law and (2) an identifier formed by gradient algorithm-based two-parameter estimation laws. Unlike the existing adaptive systems for autonomous underwater vehicles and submarines, a novelty of this composite identifier lies in the use of regressor matrix integral feedback for enhancement in parameter excitation. By the Lyapunov analysis, asymptotic convergence of the depth and pitch angle tracking errors is established. Simulation results show precise depth and pitch angle control, estimation of all model parameters, and robustness to random and sinusoidal disturbance inputs.
Prion Protein Overexpression in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs) Effectively Protected Rodent Kidney Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Enhancing ATP/Mitochondrial Biogenesis—Role of ADMSC Rejuvenation and Proliferation
Authors: Chen Yen-Ta , Yang Chih-Chao , Chiang John Y. , Sung Pei-Hsun , Shao Pei-Lin , Huang Chi-Ruei , Lee Mel S. , Yip Hon-Kan
Published: December 2023

Background:

We tested the hypothesis that overexpression of cellular-prion-protein in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PrPCOE-ADMSCs) effectively protected the kidney against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rat.

Methods:

Part I of cell culture was categorized into A1(ADMSCs)/A2(ADMSCs+p-Cresol)/A3(PrPCOE in ADMSCs)/A4 (PrPCOE in ADMSCs+p-Cresol). Part II of cell culture was divided into B1(ADMSCs)/B2[ADMSCs+lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]/B3(PrPCOE in ADMSCs)/B4(PrPCOE in ADMSCs+LPS). Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 50) were equally categorized into groups 1 (sham-operated-control)/2 (IR)/3 (IR+ADMSCs/6.0 × 105 equally divided into bilateral-renal arteries and 6.0 × 105 intravenous administration by 1 h after IR)/4 [IR+PrPCOE-ADMSCs (identical dosage administered as group 3)]/5 [IR+silencing PRNP -ADMSCs (identical dosage administered as group 3)], and kidneys were harvested post-day 3 IR injury.

Results:

Part I results demonstrated that the cell viability at 24/48/72 h, BrdU uptake/number of mitDNA/APT concentration/mitochondrial-cytochrome-C+ cells and the protein expressions of ki67/PrPC at 72 h-cell culturing were significantly higher in PrPCOE-ADMSCs than in ADMSCs (all P < 0.001). The protein expressions of oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX2/NOX4/oxidized protein)/mitochondrial-damaged (p22-phox/cytosolic-cytochrome-C)/inflammatory (p-NF-κB/IL-1ß/TNF-α/IL-6)/apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved-PARP) biomarkers were lowest in A1/A3 and significantly higher in A2 than in A4 (all P < 0.001). Part II result showed that the protein expressions of inflammatory (p-NF-κB/IL-1ß/TNF-α/IL-6)/apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved-PARP) biomarkers exhibited an identical pattern of part I among the groups (all P < 0.001). The protein expressions of inflammatory (p-NF-κB/IL-1ß/TNF-α/MMP-9)/oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX-2/oxidized-protein)/mitochondrial-damaged (cytosolic-cytochrome-C/p22-phox)/apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved-PARP/mitochondrial-Bx)/autophagic (beclin-1/ratio of LC3B-II/LC3B-I)/fibrotic (Smad3/TGF-ß) biomarkers and kidney-injury-score/creatinine level were lowest in group 1, highest in group 2, significantly higher in group 5 than in groups 3/4 (all P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

PrPCOE in ADMSCs rejuvenated these cells and played a cardinal role on protecting the kidney against IR injury.
Impact of Demographics on Managerial Competencies of Small Business in South Andaman Islands
Authors: B Treemurutulu
Published: December 2023

This study aims to examine how demographic factors of entrepreneurs affect the managerial competencies of small businesses in South Andaman and to measure the managerial competencies according to demographic features such as education levels, experience, age, marital status and gender. The study used a primary survey sample size of 338 respondents of entrepreneurs of micro and small businesses. This study used statistics of the Chi-square test, independent samples t-test and ANOVA. The finding shows that the business experience and education qualification of the entrepreneurs played a significant role in the managerial competencies of MSE owners in the Islands region. This article also found that a majority of respondents interested in selling their products mainly targeted customers in South Andaman. The study will be helpful to small enterprises and implementing government agencies in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The study’s main contributions to demographic variables of entrepreneurs bolster the business competencies in the Islands region.
The Effect of Risk Management Committee Characteristics on Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Toumeh Ahmad A.
Published: December 2023

This research investigates how the characteristics of a risk management committee (RMC), as a recently emerging sub-committee within the board of directors, impact firm performance indicators. The investigation employs a dataset encompassing service and manufacturing firms that are listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) over the period 2019–2022, comprising a total of 236 firm-year observations. The primary statistical technique utilised in the study is fixed-effect regression with Huber–White standard errors. The findings demonstrate that RMC attributes such as size, independence and meeting frequency exert a significant and positive effect on return on assets, return on equity and Tobin’s Q. These insights hold practical implications for stakeholders, regulators and policymakers in assessing the influence of RMC characteristics on firm performance within the context of the ASE. Understanding these dynamics can inform decision-making and regulatory frameworks, promoting effective risk management practices in publicly traded corporations. The current study represents the initial empirical exploration within the corporate governance literature concerning the nexus between RMC qualities and firm performance in Jordan.
Nasal Irrigation Improves the Nasal Related Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Mu Aiping , Ni Zhuojun , Ma Chen
Published: December 2023

Background: After transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection patients have reduced olfactory function and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nasal irrigation on the nasal related quality of life in patients undergoing transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection. Methods: Patients undergoing transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas in a tertiary hospital in China were included. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and nasal irrigation group according to the random sequence generated by the SPSS22.0 software. The 22-item sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22) was used to evaluate nasal related quality of life; lower SNOT-22 scores indicate a higher quality of life. The Toyota and Takagi (T&T) olfactometer test was used to evaluate the olfactory function of patients. Results: A total of 82 patients were finally included. The SNOT-22 scores of both groups after surgery were significantly higher than those before surgery ( p < .05). The total SNOT-22 score of nasal irrigation group at one month (23.45 ± 3.72 vs. 27.48 ± 4.07) and three months (15.83 ± 2.86 vs. 21.82 ± 3.36) after surgery was lower than that in the control group ( p < .05). There was no significant difference in olfactory function between the two groups at one month and three months after surgery ( p > .05). The nasal mucosal score in the nasal irrigation group was significantly improved compared with the control group at one month and three months after surgery ( p < .05). Conclusion: Nasal irrigation is associated with improved quality of life in patients undergoing transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection compared with the control group.
National health registries – a ‘goldmine’ for studying non-communicable disease occurrence in Norway – the NCDNOR project
Authors: Nystad Wenche , Hjellvik Vidar , Larsen Inger K. , Robsahm Trude E. , Sund Erik R. , Krokstad Steinar , Hopstock Laila A. , Grimsgaard Sameline , Langhammer Arnulf , Bramness Jørgen G. , Wisløff Torbjørn , Lergenmuller Simon , Dalene Knut E. , Meyer Haakon E. , Holvik Kristin , Helgeland Jon , Karlstad øystein , Ariansen Inger
Published: December 2023

To estimate occurrence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) over the life-course in the Norwegian population, national health registries are a vital source of information since they fully represent the entire non-institutionalised population. However, as they are mainly established for administrative purposes, more knowledge about how NCDs are recorded in the registries is needed. To establish this, we begin by counting the number of individuals registered annually with one or more NCDs in any of the registries. The study population includes all inhabitants who lived in Norway from 2004 to 2020 ( N~6.4m). The NCD outcomes are diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive lung diseases, cancer and mental disorders/substance use disorders. Further, we included hip fractures in our NCD concept. The data sources used to identify individuals with NCDs, including detailed information on diagnoses in primary and secondary health care and dispensings of prescription drugs, are the Cancer Registry of Norway, The Norwegian Patient Registry, The Norwegian Control and Payment of Health Reimbursement database, and The Norwegian Prescription Database. The number of individuals registered annually with an NCD diagnosis and/or a dispensed NCD drug increased over the study period. Changes over time may reflect changes in disease incidence and prevalence, but also changes in disease-specific guidelines, reimbursement schemes and access to and use of health services. Data from more than one health registry to identify individuals with NCDs are needed since the registries reflect different levels of health care services and therefore may reflect disease severity.
Do Violations of Democratic Norms Change Political Attitudes? Evidence From the January 6th Insurrection
Authors: Frye Timothy
Published: December 2023

How do citizens respond to extreme violations of democratic institutions, such as the January 6th, 2021 insurrection at the US Capitol? Using an online survey of 900 employed respondents conducted January 5–9, 2021, I find that those interviewed just hours after the insurrection were about 10% points less likely to identify as Republicans, reported greater dislike for Donald Trump, and expressed less attachment to conservatism even controlling for prior levels of party identification. Self-reported Trump voters interviewed after the insurrection were also less likely to identify as Republican and expressed a less favorable view of Donald Trump. The findings only reflect the short-term reactions of employed respondents but are robust to alternative specifications and the very narrow temporal window of the analyses helps to isolate the impact of the insurrection. These results offer evidence in the on-going debate over how to interpret the events of January 6th, 2021.
Wound Healing: A Brief Look at the Inflammatory Stage and Role of Medicinal Plants and Their Derivations on Modulating the Inflammatory Responses: A Systematic Review
Authors: Raei Abbasabadi Omidreza , Farahpour Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2023

Aims: Wound is believed to be a major disorder in certain organs and/or tissues, which could be transmitted to other tissues. Skin is constantly exposed to infections, injuries, scratches, and burns. Wound dressings are commonly utilized for the treatment of wound site and protect it from external contamination. The biological importance of natural agents, such as herbal medicines and their derivations including extracts, essential oils and active compounds in the wound healing process has attracted the attention of researchers and also some manufacturers of wound dressings. Such natural agents improve wound healing by their antioxidant and antibacterial properties. This novel review article was conducted to evaluate the effects of medicinal plants and their derivations on inflammatory responses in surgical wound infection. Methods: The data were collected from various databases using specific keywords. Results: The results revealed that different medicinal plants and their derivations decrease the inflammation in the wound healing process by modulating in gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. Conclusion: Active compounds of medicinal plants can alleviate inflammation in the wound healing process, which must be taken into consideration in pharmaceutical industries.
Rhubarb extract rebuilding the mucus homeostasis and regulating mucin-associated flora to relieve constipation
Authors: Gao Han , He Chengwei , Xin Shuzi , Hua Rongxuan , Du Yixuan , Wang Boya , Gong Fengrong , Yu Xinyi , Pan Luming , Liang Chen , Gao Lei , Shang Hongwei , Xu Jing-dong
Published: December 2023

In clinical trials, rhubarb extract (Rb) was demonstrated to efficiently alleviate constipation. We would like to find out the underlying mechanism of rhubarb relieving constipation. However, there are few studies on the effects of rhubarb on colonic mucus secretion and constipation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rhubarb on colonic mucus secretion and its underlying mechanism. The mice were randomly divided into four groups. Group I was the control group and Group II was the rhubarb control group, with Rb (24 g/kg body weight [b.w.]) administered through intragastric administration for three days. Group III mice were given diphenoxylate (20 mg/kg b.w.) for five days via gavage to induce constipation. Group IV received diphenoxylate lasting five days before undergoing Rb administration for three days. The condition of the colon was evaluated using an endoscope. Particularly, the diameter of blood vessels in the colonic mucosa expanded considerably in constipation mice along with diminishing mucus output, which was in line with the observation via scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). We also performed metagenomic analysis to reveal the microbiome related to mucin gene expression level referring to mucin secretion. In conclusion, Rb relieves constipation by rebuilding mucus homeostasis and regulating the microbiome.
A novel fluorescent traceable carbon quantum dots with selective antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Wang Jie , Wang Yan , Zhang Hang , Zhu Weiwen , Liu Laikui
Published: December 2023

Antibiotics can kill bacteria, but their continued use can easily lead to drug resistance, particularly the main pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis. However, to avoid drug resistance, carbon quantum dots (CDs) have great potential as a bioactive material in antimicrobial therapy. Herein, we use ornidazole as raw material to prepare CDs of different sizes by microwave irradiation and screen CDs with fluorescence and bacteriostatic properties. The inhibition experiments and live/dead assays of P. gingivalis exhibited outstanding antibacterial effects. This research aimed to develop nano-level antibacterial active materials that also have fluorescence traceability. This study offers a different method for the development of multifunctional CDs, provides valuable strategies for the treatment of diseases associated with P. gingivalis, and predicts great application prospects in the field of biomedicine.
Preliminary Rasch Construct and Reliability Validation of TeleWrite: A Telehealth-Based Handwriting Assessment
Authors: Guzmán Julia M. , Grajo Lenin C.
Published: December 2023

Background:

Telehealth is rapidly expanding, and telehealth-based occupational therapy assessments must be developed and validated to keep pace with this transition. TeleWrite aims to bridge this gap.

Objectives:

To analyze the tool’s initial psychometric properties using Rasch methods.

Method:

Internal construct validity and test reliability were analyzed using data from 148 children from first to third grade.

Results:

Rasch analysis helped to identify that TeleWrite is composed of three separate constructs for rate, accuracy, and fluency. All Infit/Outfit mean square (MNSQ) values fell within acceptable ranges of 0.5 to 1.7 logits. Separation analysis indicated lower but acceptable person separation values for rate (0.68–0.76) and fluency (0.61–0.73), but accuracy scales were in the poor-fair range (0.20–0.60), given sample limitations.

Conclusion:

TeleWrite is comprised of three separate constructs, showed a good fit with the Rasch model, indicated strong construct and internal validity, and moderate ability to reliably separate abilities of students in terms of handwriting skills.
Effect of Using TheraBracelet on Grasping versus Reaching in Poststroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Pennington Allison , Ramakrishnan Viswanathan , Scronce Gabrielle , Coupland Kristen , Vatinno Amanda A. , Seo Na Jin
Published: December 2023

A peripheral sensory stimulation named TheraBracelet has recently been shown to have a potential to improve gross manual dexterity following stroke. Upper limb function requires both reach and grasp. It is unknown whether TheraBracelet affects one more than other. The objective of this study was to determine whether TheraBracelet improves reaching versus grasping. In a pilot randomized controlled trial, persons with stroke received TheraBracelet (treatment) or no stimulation (control) during task practice therapy ( n = 6/group). Effects of TheraBracelet on reaching versus grasping were determined using breakdown of movement times in the Box and Block Test video recordings. Improvements in movement times for the treatment compared with control group were more pronounced for grasping than for reaching at both post and follow-up time points. TheraBracelet may be beneficial for persons with grasping deficits. This knowledge can guide clinicians for targeted use of TheraBracelet, resulting in effective implementation of the new treatment.
Health Care Professionals’ Perceptions About a Telehealth Model of Therapy After NICU Discharge
Authors: Pineda Roberta , Smith Delaney , Richter Marinthea , Gruskin Bethany A. , Dusing Stacey , Peden Carol J.
Published: December 2023

The Baby Bridge program is an implementation strategy to improve access to in-person early therapy services following neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge. The objective of this study was to evaluate acceptability of Baby Bridge telehealth services among health care providers. Interviews with health care providers were conducted, transcribed, and coded in NVivo. Deductive analysis was used to organize data into negative and positive comments, suggestions for optimization, and perceptions about the first visit. Next, a conventional approach was used to organize the data into themes. Telehealth was viewed as an acceptable, but not necessarily preferable, form of Baby Bridge delivery. Providers identified how telehealth may improve access to care, but with potential challenges in delivery. Suggestions for optimization of the Baby Bridge telehealth model were proposed. Identified themes included delivery model, family demographics, therapist and organizational characteristics, parent engagement, and therapy facilitation. These findings provide important insights to consider when transitioning from in-person therapy to telehealth.
A-kinase anchoring protein 79/150 coordinates α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor sensitization in sensory neurons
Authors: Zhang Yan , Jeske Nathaniel A
Published: December 2023

Changes in sensory afferent activity contribute to the transition from acute to chronic pain. However, it is unlikely that a single sensory receptor is entirely responsible for persistent pain. It is more probable that extended changes to multiple receptor proteins expressed by afferent neurons support persistent pain. A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 79/150 (AKAP) is an intracellular scaffolding protein expressed in sensory neurons that spatially and temporally coordinates signaling events. Since AKAP scaffolds biochemical modifications of multiple TRP receptors linked to pain phenotypes, we probed for other ionotropic receptors that may be mediated by AKAP and contribute to persistent pain. Here, we identify a role for AKAP modulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid Receptor (AMPA-R) functionality in sensory neurons. Pharmacological manipulation of distinct AMPA-R subunits significantly reduces persistent mechanical hypersensitivity observed during hyperalgesic priming. Stimulation of both protein kinases C and A (PKC, PKA, respectively) modulate AMPA-R subunit GluR1 and GluR2 phosphorylation and surface expression in an AKAP-dependent manner in primary cultures of DRG neurons. Furthermore, AKAP knock out reduces sensitized AMPA-R responsivity in DRG neurons. Collectively, these data indicate that AKAP scaffolds AMPA-R subunit organization in DRG neurons that may contribute to the transition from acute-to-chronic pain.
Transnational interdependence and new crisis communication governance? German Media coverage of Europe and Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Grüne Anne , Hafez Kai , Holland Till
Published: December 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic illustrated that today's political control mechanisms of global risks demand international collaboration on various levels and between various actors. Journalism has a pivotal role to play for global governance as an early warning system in the knowledge society. The paper provides a qualification of potentials and ambivalences of global media interdependence in global crisis by analysing if and how the German press treated other countries as better practice models. A special emphasis is given to a comparison between the coverage of global actors (WHO), European (Portugal, Italy) and Asian countries (South Korea, Taiwan), which developed successful practices during the Covid-19 pandemic, which deserved to be considered as best-practice models. The paper reveals moments of reflexive media interdependence but also highlights the limits, which are pronounced in a gap between North-North and North-South relations in both amount and depth of policy coverage and stereotypical constructions in lifeworld coverage.
Introduction to Special Issue on the New York Hippodrome
Authors: Stalter-Pace Sunny , Young Catherine M.
Published: December 2023

The introduction to this issue provides an overview of the New York Hippodrome's construction, the historical references and symbolic resonances of its exterior and interior theatrical space, and the human and animal performers who contributed to its overall importance in the opening season and beyond. First, we discuss how Thompson and Dundy drew on the vibrant transatlantic theatrical networks of the era to conceptualise the New York Hippodrome as a theatrical space, while at the same time highlighting the uniquely American quality of their venture. This played out in periodical coverage of the venue's construction, where the celebrations of oversized scale and backstage technological innovation took on a nationalistic tone. The boosterism had local resonance as well, since New York City was undergoing a building boom at that time, staking its claim as a world-class city representative of the whole nation. The venue's architecture, interior design, and onstage performances work together in ways that recent scholarship has identified as racialising: we suggest that this overall racialised aesthetic creates a transportive experience where audience members feel part of an exoticised space. We conclude by considering how performing animals develop all these overarching concerns, calling upon local, national, and international resonances in popular performance.
Clinical Decision Support for Patients Presenting With Large Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Simpson Jennifer R. , VanCoevering Russell J. , Jeppson Kerri , Case David , Seinfeld Joshua , Roark Christopher , Poisson Sharon N.
Published: December 2023

A single center had a collaborative, multidisciplinary review to determine how to best implement new acute ischemic stroke trials involving large vessel occlusions. A flow diagram process map was created for clinical decision support. Patients were divided into four groups based upon size of infarct and timing of presentation. The process map, available in the electronic health record (EHR) for clinicians to reference, guides the selection of patients for endovascular therapy with neuroimaging. In addition, the process map offers guidance for discussions with families and patients experiencing large vessel occlusions with both small and large core infarcts. This manuscript describes the process of creating the process map through a multidisciplinary review and discussion, with points of controversy and how these were addressed.