bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radicalism, Jihad and Terror
Authors: Rahmatullah Yuminah
Published: March 2018

As an issue of complexity, radicalism does not stand alone. It has a political and ideological basis. Like an ideology that continues to bind, radicalism takes the path of religion to be able to justify all actions of anarchy. The case of today’s Islam as being synonymous with radicalism is apart of the complexcity of the issue. Religious radicalism is a prevalent phenomenon in the history religions. Radicalism is closely related to fundamentalism, which is marked by the return of society to the fundamentals of religion. Fundamentalism is a kind of ideology that makes religion the principle of life by society and individuals. Fundamentalism usually comes along with radicalism and violence when the freedom to return to religion is hindered by social and political circumstances surrounding the society. Islam recognizes jihad that is in some cases misunderstood. Jihad is different from radicalism and its derivatives of terrorism. Radicalism and terrorism tend to be destructive, uncompromising and closely related to violent behavior in the name of religion. Meanwhile jihad is a form of the totality of a Muslim's devotion to God, which is concerned not only with self-defense efforts, but a battle that has a theological legitimacy in which the martyrs are promised by God with various virtues and advantages. The association of jihad with terrorism today cannot be justified due to the fact that jihad in the sense of war (Qitâl) involves elements of violence that can be categorized as terrorism. It is the case that the use of violence in the name of religion in contemporary times is, in fact, due to political factors, which then seeks its legitimacy in religious teachings.
Interdisciplinarity in Tech Startups Development – Case Study of ‘Unistartapp’ Project
Authors: Kopera Sebastian , Wszendybył-Skulska Ewa , Cebulak Joanna , Grabowski Sebastian
Published: March 2018

Empirical data as well as scientific reports confirm that startups require diverse, in-house competencies in order to achieve market success. However, while technology-related competencies are usually brought to new tech ventures by their founders, there is a significant deficiency of market- and management-related competencies, which is reflected in the statistics of common startup failure reasons. In this context, a question arises: how interdisciplinarity of knowledge and competencies can be built into the very core of tech startups? The text addresses this question by zeroing in on the role of universities in this process. In the first part, the specificity of tech startups is analyzed. The next chapter overviews the hitherto academy-related startup education environment together with its shortcomings as far as interdisciplinarity is concerned. Finally, the case study of innovative and interdisciplinary academic ecosystem, which was built and tested within the project UniStartApp, is presented and discussed together with related lessons learned. The text is concluded with final remarks on challenges involved in embedding interdisciplinarity into startup education ecosystem.
Strategy, Corporate Culture, Structure and Operational Processes as the Context for the Innovativeness of an Organization
Authors: Szczepańska-Woszczyna Katarzyna
Published: March 2018

The paper refers to relationships between the innovativeness of an organization and its selected determinants such as strategy, corporate culture, structure and operational processes. Research was conducted among 200 managers at the top, middle and operational levels of management (200 companies operating in Poland implementing innovations - innovative companies). Conditions leading to innovations are described as the combination of processes, which result from the internal and external dynamics of a given entity. The analysis assumed that the assessment of company innovativeness would be based on an assessment of whether the company is a leader in the industry in terms of new products (the higher the rating, the more innovative the company is considered to be). The relationship between the dimensions of the company's functioning and the degree of its innovativeness was rated on the basis of two measures: the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and the chi-square coefficient. It was assumed that the most innovative companies have structures similar to organic ones, with a weak influence of the elements of mechanistic structures. This assumption was proven in relation to features of organizations considered important for innovativeness.
Penyesuaian Sosial Siswa Akselerasi Ditinjau Dari Konsep Diri dan Membuka Diri
Authors: Andayani Tri Rejeki
Published: March 2018

The aims of this research is to find out relationship between self-concept and self-disclosure with the social adjustment of them. This study population were 89 students of Class X and XI in the High School (SMAN 3 Surakarta). Collecting data use three scales: 1) Self-concept Scale, the validity of items ranged between 0,259-0,658, the reliability is 0.848; 2) Self-disclosure Scale, the validity of items ranged between 0,280-0,694, reliability is 0.872; and 3) Social Adjustment Scale, the validity of the items between 0,284-0,646, the reliability is 0.821. Analysis data in this study is using multiple regression analysis technique. The results of multiple regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between selfconcept and self-disclosure with social adjustment of students with acceleration. Student who have a positive self-concept and accept themselves more positively will be open in accepting criticism and inprove ourselves, so that tends to adapt better. Positive self-concept of accelleration means that students have a positive outlook on his ability and circumstances, giving rise to the confidence to bring him to the wider social environtment. However, the student who have negative self-concept will be developed feelings of inadequacy, low self-esteem and tend to carry themselves in difficult social adjustment.Â ABSTRAKÂ Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsep diri dan membuka diri dengan penyesuaian sosial siswa akselerasi. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 89 siswa, terdiri atas siswa Akselerasi Kelas X dan XI SMAN 3 Surakarta. Pengumpulan data mengunakan tiga buah skala, yakni : 1) Skala Konsep Diri, validitas item berkisar antara 0,259-0,658, reliabilitas alat ukur 0,848; 2) Skala Membuka Diri, validitas item 0,280-0,694, reliabilitas alat ukur 0,872; dan 3) Skala Penyesuaian Sosial, validitas item 0,284-0,646, reliabilitas alat ukur 0,821. Analisis data menggunakan Teknik Analisis Regresi Ganda. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara konsep diri dan membuka diri dengan penyesuaian sosial siswa akselerasi. Siswa yang memiliki pandangan positif dan menerima diri secara positif akan lebih bersikap terbuka dalam menerima kritik dan memperbaiki diri. Konsep diri yang positif berarti siswa akselerasi memiliki pandangan positif terhadap kemampuan dan keadaan dirinya, sehingga menimbulkan rasa percaya diri untuk membawa dirinya pada lingkungan pergaulan yang lebih luas. Sebaliknya, siswa yang memiliki konsep diri negatif akan mengembangkan perasaan tidak mampu, rendah diri dan cenderung sulit membawa diri pada lingkungan pergaulan yang lebih luas.
A Mixed-Methods Study of Cognitive and Affective Learning During a Sophomore Design Problem-based Service Learning Experience
Authors: Pierrakos Olga , Nagel Robert , Pappas Eric , Nagel Jacquelyn , Moran Thomas , Barrella Elise , Panizo Mariafe
Published: March 2018

Authentic, real-world problem solving is an integral part of the engineering profession. Yet, research suggests that engineering education is primarily focused on well-defined and well-structured problems, which do not provide students the real-world relevance, context, or experience in solving the types of problems required as a professional engineer. The addition of problem-based service learning (PBSL) to engineering curricula provides an opportunity to introduce students to a variety of real-world projects in a community-based context. Numerous studies have shown the importance and impacts of integrating service learning and problem-based learning into engineering education. Herein, the results of a mixed-methods, longitudinal study on cognitive and affective learning during a PBSL sophomore design experience are presented and discussed. The goals are to demonstrate how both qualitative and quantitative data can be used to measure student learning during a PBSL experience and to provide a framework for assessment of such experiences.
IDEAS: Interdisciplinary Design Engineering and Service
Authors: Davis Ruth E , Krishnan Shoba , Nilsson Tonya L , Rimland Patti Fylling
Published: March 2018

This paper describes the development of the IDEAS: Interdisciplinary Design Engineering and Service program. This program supports and promotes community-based projects as a vehicle for providing students with real-world experience working with clients to solve need-based problems. IDEAS supports senior design projects, an interdisciplinary course on community-based projects, as well as extra-curricular projects through various student organizations. A complete description of the course, common projects and challenges is provided. We describe the benefits of developing long-term community partnerships. Student self-assessments of skills gained shows the course to be successful in providing engineering design experience and soft skills as well as professional sense of the positive societal impact of engineering projects. Course demographics show these projects attract a higher percentage of underrepresented groups than in the overall engineering student population.
Creating Learning through Service Opportunities for Engineering Students: Lessons Learned from a Primarily Undergraduate Liberal Arts Institution
Authors: Siniawski Matthew T , Saez Jose A , Pal Jeremy S , Luca Sandra G
Published: March 2018

The challenge of creating impactful and long-lasting service opportunities for engineering students lies in how to best implement programs in the unique setting of each academic institution. This paper presents a critical reflection of two different models of learning through service opportunities for engineering students that have evolved over the past six years at Loyola Marymount University. In particular, we highlight the history and lessons learned from four different case studies involving both extra-curricular international service projects and course-based service-learning opportunities for engineering students. Overall lessons learned that emerged from our experience include: 1) Students should receive course credit for participating in engineering-oriented service projects; 2) Opportunities for student participation should be vertically integrated throughout the curriculum; 3) Develop and sustain long-lasting relationships with your community partners; 4) Obtain university support for long-term success; 5) Start to conduct assessment of your stakeholders; and 6) Utilize the resources at your institution in order to promote cooperation. We hope that our lessons learned can be used to help guide other primarily undergraduate institutions in implementing service-oriented engineering projects.
Insights from a Global Engineering Outreach Course
Authors: Lewis Randy S
Published: March 2018

A two-semester multi-disciplinary Global Engineering Outreach (GEO) course was initiated in 2007 to provide an opportunity for junior and senior-level engineering and technology students to design and implement humanitarian-based engineering projects in developing communities. Recently, the course was integrated with a sociology course to enhance the educational opportunities between social scientists and engineers. During the GEO course, students work on small-scale projects that are selected in conjunction with members of the developing communities. Students regularly interact with community members during project development. Following the GEO course, students participate in a two-week implementation trip. Learning outcomes associated with the course are described and assessment results show that many aspects of the learning outcomes are being met but there is room for improvement. In addition, following years of experience, several insights have been identified to help improve the course, community engagement, and implementation trip. Finally, several key aspects that are noteworthy for involving students in designing and implementing projects in developing communities are described.
Community-based Project Module: A service-learning module for the Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology at the University of Pretoria
Authors: Jordaan Martina
Published: March 2018

In 2005, the Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology (EBIT) at the University of Pretoria, implemented a compulsory module, the Community-based Project Module, for all its undergraduate students. The module is an eight-credit module (80 hours) that is offered on an open-ended and project-orientated basis. A large number of students are registered (±1 600 students per year) and work on more than 590 projects, with more than 400 community partners annually. The module requires students to work in the community for at least 40 hours, during which time they address a specific need in the community. They subsequently have to complete various assignments where they reflect on their experiences. Popular student projects include teaching Mathematics and Physical Sciences at secondary schools, doing renovation projects, repairing old computers for schools and non-profit organisations, and teaching basic computer skills to community members.
Partnering with a Native American Community in a Collaboration between a Tribal College and Two Mainstream Universities
Authors: Kant Joanita M , Tinant C Jason , Burckhard Suzette R , Sawyer J Foster
Published: March 2018

We present community outcomes in our unique pre-engineering program, along with lessons learned when a tribal college and community partners collaborate with two mainstream universities in experiential learning on a Native American reservation in the United States. We share our expertise so that others may apply elsewhere what we have learned. We provide guidance through sharing our successes, best practices, challenges, case studies, and hopes for the future. We recognize that every reservation is unique, and what works for one may not work for others. Community outcomes include significant capacity building where partners assemble evidence-based research that strengthens the tribal college and tribal government, allowing them to better manage resources. The OSSPEEC program includes undergraduate, graduate and faculty researchers in water resources, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), geology, surveying, structures, and cross-disciplinary endeavors. Community partners include tribal governmental agencies, reservation-based interest groups, and non-profit organizations. The program is sustainable because the tribal college builds a variety of lasting partnerships offering mutual benefits.
In Search of Community; Humanitarian Engineers and Circles of Friends
Authors: Munoz David R
Published: March 2018

Circles of friends (trust) as a means for indigenous community development have been actively encouraged in Colinas de Suiza, Honduras. This effort at enhancing long-term community resilience is the latest in a 10 year relationship that includes a water project and two school construction activities within the village of ~10,000 economically poor. These techniques were utilized in part to provide an example of communities in partnership for universities involved in developing educational programs around practically-based engineering service learning projects. To enhance community involvement, children were included in the development process through creative educational activities involving music, graphical arts and dance. The initial two-month experience culminated in a fiesta or celebration of community. Project evaluation has yielded several positive indigenous results; namely the construction of a dining hall, supported by the local community where poorest children are fed, and the formation of a locally managed credit union where the local people can place their savings and apply for microloans for microenterprise development. This project is further testament to the belief that humanitarian efforts are most effective when performed consistently within the same locations and where the entire community is invited to organize, identify, discuss and solve their own problems.
Lessons from a student-led development project in Peru: Aligning technical and educational perspectives
Authors: Chisolm Rachel , Gall Elliott T , Read Laura , Salas Fernando Renzo
Published: March 2018

With the growth of student interest in humanitarian engineering development projects, a critical assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of this type of work is crucial to success. While a number of models exist for joining development with technical expertise in humanitarian engineering projects, this paper focuses on the experiences of students working on a program in Peru within the Greater Austin Chapter of Engineers Without Borders (EWB)-USA. This program is a unique EWB-USA program that builds on ongoing academic research in the Peruvian Andes at the University of Texas at Austin and regional efforts by The Mountain Institute to mitigate the effects of climate change on Peruvian communities that need technical solutions to water issues. We contrast the benefits and struggles of pursuing a student-led initiative with a regional scope. Specifically, this case study shares how the roles of partnerships between universities, private sector, government, and nongovernmental organizations create challenges and opportunities for a student-led humanitarian engineering program. The key challenges identified are (1) effectual use of U.S. team members, (2) building trust and open communication with in-country partners, and (3) understanding community dynamics and adapting projects to their local context. We present how development of a ‘non-traditional engineering classroom’ framework can serve as a proactive means for facilitating effective knowledge transfer, critical reflection, and service-learning to improve project outcomes.
Service Learning: A Bridge to Engineering for Underrepresented Minorities
Authors: Farinde Abiola A , Tempest Brett , Merriweather Lisa
Published: March 2018

Female, Black, Latino and Native American students are underrepresented in the STEM pipeline. Finding ways to increase underrepresented populations in STEM fields continues to be a major initiative in education. Many underrepresented student groups express a strong orientation toward service and community engagement. Informal Science Education (ISE) can be structured to include community engagement and to engage learners’ interest and enhance their understanding of the theory and practice of science. Service learning is a strategy that can be used within an ISE pedagogy to highlight how engineering acts as a community engaged vocation. This report describes a service learning project that exposed underrepresented high school aged students to engineering via a community service activity in which students built irrigation equipment for use in a community garden. The objective of the project was to use the context of service learning to motivate high school students to consider STEM majors. To describe the impact of informal science education through service learning, a qualitative study was also conducted. Three themes emerged: experiential learning (learning while doing), broadening perspective and identity as performance. Lessons learned and strategies for improving the service learning design are also discussed.
Engineering and Engaged Scholarship at Penn State Part I: The Rationale
Authors: Colledge Thomas H
Published: March 2018

The objective of engineering education is to educate students who are ‘ready to engineer’.  This implies that students should be broadly prepared with not only deep knowledge and understanding of the technical fundamentals, but also the pre-professional skills required to be successful in the engineering workplace of today and tomorrow1.  Part I of this paper includes a brief rationale and need for ‘engaged scholarship’ to help accomplish these goals, and the inherent need for a robust ecosystem to support it.  A summary is provided of the outcome-based objectives for the training of engineers as well as the industry-identified personal competencies required.  The role of the university in engaged scholarship is examined along with the benefits and impediments to its implementation.  A definition of educational ecosystem is provided.  Part II details the existing engaged scholarship ecosystem in the College of Engineering at the Pennsylvania State University, while Part III provides an overview of how this assortment of minors, certificates, programs, courses, and student organizations is being integrated and institutionalized into a strategic mission for the University.
Student-led, Community Driven Improvement of the Drinking Supply in a Rural Village in South Africa.
Authors: Heil Ethan , Nengwenani Duncan , Raedani Audrey , Gutierrez Veronica , Nthambeleni Gadisi , Mathoma Khuthalani , Brown-Glazner Rachel , Swap Robert
Published: March 2018

This paper presents the extension of a sustainable water purification project conducted by engineering students from the University of Venda in South Africa and the University of Virginia in the United States. Through collaboration with faculty at both universities and a community in rural South Africa, the student team facilitated the repair of a water filtration system installed the previous year. While the team had the specific goal to repair the system, they entered into this commitment with an open-ended approach to problem solving that drew heavily on community engagement and participation. The following paper describes the technical details of the project and the process by which the community was enabled to take the lead in the assessment, design and implementation of a sustainable repair to their water filtration system.
5-Year Evaluation of a Course Model for Student-Initiated Engineering Service Learning
Authors: Bischel Heather N. , Sundstrom Eric R.
Published: March 2018

Student-initiated projects in engineering service learning represent an opportunity to educate engineering students on topics of sustainability, motivate new engineers to work on humanitarian focused projects, and provide impact on projects for underserved populations in partnership with community organizations. Based on iterations of an engineering design course operated by student participants of Engineers for a Sustainable World at Stanford University, we provide an analysis and discussion of the structural and operational components of a student-initiated engineering design course created to support international service projects. Course ratings demonstrate overall improvement through time in student satisfaction, indicating continued improvement of the course structure and execution despite yearly turnover in personnel. The current two-part course model consists of a one-unit lecture series followed by a three-unit design course, with classroom components complemented by opportunities for international service including project and community assessments and a summer internship program. Overall, course evaluation results were comparable to or better than faculty-led engineering design courses in mechanical, civil and environmental engineering at Stanford. While concerns over consistency persist, overall performance demonstrates successful integration of student-initiated design into the engineering curriculum.
Student Perceptions of Engineering Service Experiences as a Source of Learning Technical and Professional Skills
Authors: Carberry Adam Robert , Lee Hee-Sun , Swan Christopher W
Published: March 2018

A dramatic increase in engineering student participation during the last decade indicates heightened student and faculty interest in engineering service experiences. The first step towards understanding why students are drawn to such opportunities is to examine how students perceive engineering service experiences as an important source of learning technical and professional skills involved in the engineering disciplines. The following study investigates how students compare their service experience with their traditional coursework experience as a source of learning professional and technical skills in engineering. Students’ perception of where they learned professional and technical knowledge or skills provides an insight into the potential impact service-based interventions creates. This study compares service experiences with traditional coursework-based learning to examine the impact of service on students’ perception of learning sources. Students participating in an eclectic and large variety of engineering service experiences were surveyed. Engineering students on average identified that 45% of what they have learned about technical skills and 62% of what they have learned about professional skills was gained through their engineering service experience. Female students credited service experiences as their source of both professional and technical skills significantly higher than male students, and were consistent across academic years. Engineering students’ perceive service-based learning experiences, relative to their traditional course-based learning, to significantly impact what they know about technical and professional engineering outcomes.
SimEx: Simulation Exercises on Humanitarian Crisis
Authors: Yoo Wook-Sung
Published: March 2018

A Software Engineering Capstone Service Learning project team at Fairfield University developed SimEx (Simulation Exercises on Humanitarian Crisis), a database driven web application for the JUHAN (Jesuits University Humanitarian Action Network) community to educate students on humanitarian actions and to enhance their knowledge on how to react at the time of a crisis. SimEx is accessible to anyone in the JUHAN community around the world and helps facilitate interaction among instructors, researchers, and student including sharing simulation exercise scenarios and providing students simulation exercises on humanitarian actions without any boundaries. SimEx also provides a discussion board to the JUHAN community to facilitate communication and idea sharing. SimEx was implemented in PHP with a MySQL database and several additional PHP plug-ins. In this paper, we describe the issues, process, and outcome of the collaborative service learning project between academia and community and discuss the future direction of SimEx.
Solar Energy for Rural Madagascar Schools: A Pilot Implementation by University of Nebraska Engineers Without Borders-USA
Authors: Pavlik Benjamin J. , Sangster Jodi L. , Parsley Ian C. , Knudsen Erik M. , Ndrianajasoloarivony Zoelitiana , Patterson Dean J. , Bartelt-Hunt Shannon L. , Jones Elizabeth G.
Published: March 2018

A pilot photovoltaic system was constructed in Kianjavato, Madagascar by a team from the University of Nebraska Engineers Without Borders-USA Student Chapter.  This project represents an integrated approach to energy supply, education and natural resource conservation.  The system supplies power to ten 13 W fluorescent tubes in a primary school classroom for the purpose of extending public school hours into the evening for adult education.  The project was implemented in partnership with a Malagasy non-governmental organization, the Madagascar Biodiversity Partnership.  Future monitoring data will determine the outcome of the project and aid in the design of additional installations in the community.
The Informal Urban Communities Initiative: Community-Driven Design in the Slums of Lima, Peru
Authors: Spencer Ben , Bolton Susan , Alarcon Jorge
Published: March 2018

The Informal Urban Communities Initiative is a design activism, service learning and research program based in Lomas de Zapallal, an informal urban settlement in northern Lima, Peru. The initiative focuses on the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of community-driven interventions in the built environment and, in response to priorities articulated by community members, places particular emphasis on the integrated, interdisciplinary design of public green space. It aims to effect positive and sustainable change in Lomas de Zapallal, to build the capacity of designers to work effectively with poor urban communities and to gather evidence that informs best practices in project design and implementation in these contexts. The paper presents a descriptive overview of three Informal Urban Communities Initiative projects completed at the Pitágoras School; a primary school park, a secondary school stair and garden and a secondary school classroom. Reflecting upon the positive and negative lessons these projects provide when considered in tandem, the paper argues that community driven processes, multi-scalar interventions, interdisciplinary collaboration and long term, in-depth engagement are essential components of effective design practice and education in informal urban communities.
Rainwater Harvesting for Campus Student Center: A Sustainable, Community-Orientated Senior Design Project
Authors: Reckinger Shanon , Bocchino Joseph , Jackowitz Andrew , Perry John
Published: March 2018

A team of three mechanical engineering senior undergraduate students and one faculty member designed and installed a rainwater harvesting system in the University’s student center.  After an extensive analysis of the piping system, the team was able to use existing rain leaders and piping to move all the rainwater from the third floor patio to a mechanical room located on the first level of the building.  In the mechanical room, the piping system was redesigned to route the collected water into a large storage tank.  From the tank, the rainwater was pumped into the irrigation line and used to water a large portion of the campus lawns and greenery. In addition, the system incorporated an overflow feature, a drainage line, a new pump, a flow meter to track water usage (which was previously never tracked at the University), a design where regular flushing of the system is automatic, and a maintenance plan.  The harvested rainwater could also potentially be used to fill up the University watering trucks to water the flowers, shrubs, and greenery that covers the 200-acre campus.  Students found that this community-based project opened their eyes to sustainability, the environment, and was rewarding work.
Construction Management Service Learning: A “How To” Process for Success
Authors: Cline R. Casey , Robson Ken , Kroth Michael
Published: March 2018

To ensure that students are prepared for positions in the construction industry, construction management education programs expose students to industry relevant construction management (CM) theory and practice. Traditional transmission teaching methodologies, while arguably effective for teaching management theory and practice, are not as effective for the transfer of practical leadership skills and knowledge of construction specific processes. As an alternative teaching strategy, many CM programs incorporate service-learning (S-L) into curricula; providing students practical experience, focusing on the acquisition of knowledge through goal setting, thinking, planning, experimentation, observation, and reflection.        However, from a practical standpoint, the development of a service-learning project can be a daunting task for the educator. Beyond determining a suitable project, a great deal of work must be undertaken to ensure a successful learning experience for the learner, as well as a successful project for the project owner or community partner. Processes must be put in place to ensure that the project is well developed, the student is practicing relevant CM skills, the project is completed in a timely manner to the satisfaction of the owner, and that the student learns through active reflection.        Thus, this paper is presented not as a project specific case study, but an attempt to simplify for CM educators the development of CM S-L projects and to provide a step-by-step process to facilitate a successful learning experience.
A Typology of Revenue Models for Community Health Worker Programs
Authors: Zang Richard , Robinson Meryn , Jeong Stephanie , Suffian Stephen , Mehta Khanjan
Published: March 2018

Community Health Workers (CHWs), a presence in almost every developing country, have proven instrumental in improving their communities’ health. CHWs in most countries are volunteers relying on programs with marginal government support and irregular external funding. A lack of incentives is a fundamental challenge to realizing the full potential of CHW programs. CHW programs often suffer from high attrition rates, poor efficiency and lack of coordination and accountability. This article argues that there is a dynamic interdependence between CHW programs and entrepreneurial mobile health (mHealth) systems trying to become economically self-sustaining. This interdependence can be leveraged to design effective, efficient and sustainable mHealth ventures that enable, complement and augment CHW programs with the shared objective of improving the healthcare system in developing countries. This article presents a typology of eight business models where CHWs function as the channels and champions for mHealth ventures. The target audiences of this article are innovators and entrepreneurs seeking to launch sustainable mHealth ventures by leveraging the civic infrastructure of community health workers in developing countries.
Stuck in Cement: Breaking from Conventional Mindsets in Student-Led Service Learning Partnerships
Authors: Aslam Ali , Navarro Ivonne , Wen Andrea , Hassett Meredith , Swap Robert J.
Published: March 2018

This article illustrates our understanding, as a student team, of the challenges that conventional approaches can have when structuring joint student-community partnerships. Through the use of the metaphor “stuck in cement”, we wish to draw a distinction between viewing service learning through a results-focused lens with a sense of a clearly defined path rather than construction of partnerships. This paper will explore two main questions: Are we, as students who conduct service learning projects, stuck in a single-frame mindset? If so, how do we break free? These questions are explored through the combination of lived experience and post-field reflection. We have developed our thoughts within the context of previous work regarding approaches to international service learning projects, the challenges that are often faced, and the mindsets of those involved. This reflection, presented primarily from the perspective of student participants, is offered as an example of how our group challenged the notions of success and externally designed and implemented systems, with the hope that the example may inform future efforts of this type.
The Energy Conversion Playground (ECP) Design Task: Assessing how Students Think About Technical and Non-Technical Considerations in Sustainable Community Development
Authors: Mazzurco Andrea , Huff James L , Jesiek Brent K
Published: March 2018

Students in global service-learning and similar programs frequently encounter substantial social, cultural, political, and ethical differences when working with project partners in different countries and regions. Neglecting such differences can lead to project failures and/or disempowered communities. In response to these challenges, educational resources have been developed to teach students to think about how the people, social structures, and other contextual factors associated with projects can affect, and be affected by, students’ designs. Yet, there remains a scarcity of valid and reliable instruments to evaluate the effectiveness of such interventions. The purpose of this study is create a theoretically and empirically grounded instrument, the Energy Conversion Playground (ECP) design task, that is able to provide a meaningful and robust assessment of an individual’s ability to identify salient technical and non-technical considerations when approaching an engineering design task situated in a developing country context. We present the scenario and an accompanying rubric that was first developed inductively from student responses to the scenario (specifically 449 discrete items from 93 ECP design tasks submitted by students who attended a Global Engineering Design Symposium). Further development of the rubric involved deductive grounding in relevant literature. To demonstrate the sensitivity of ECP design task to changes in students’ thinking, we also performed comparative analysis of responses from a subset of the students (n=37) who completed the same instrument both before and after participating in the GEDS.
ANTESEDEN EMPLOYEE TURNOVER
Authors: Fardilah Heryadi
Published: March 2018

This research is concerning the effect of workplace environment, job satisfaction, and  job performance on employee turnover, and the background is to get the convenience of employees condition, the satisfaction of job results, maximum performance, and keep and reduce in and out employees. The purpose of this research is to see how far the influence of workplace environment, job satisfaction, and job performance on employee turnover. Planning of this research uses primary data that is got by handing over questioners to 200 employees in Telecommunication company in East Jakarta. The analysis method which is used is double regresi.  Results of  this  research give conclusion that there's a positive and significant influence of workplace environment, job satisfaction, and job performance on employee turnover.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PROFITABILITAS BANK PADA BANK KONVENSIONAL YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Sugiarto Sugiarto , Lestari Henny Setyo
Published: March 2018

This study aimed to determined the factors that impact profitability of conventional banking companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange for the period of 2006-2015. The number of samples taken in this study was 20 banks with the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Independent variables in this study are bank size, capital ratio, loan ratio, deposit and asset quality. The dependent variables are return on equity, return on asset, and net interest margin. From the results, bank size, capital ratio and loan ratio have a significant positive effect on ROE, ROA, and NIM. Deposit has a significant positive effect on ROE but has no significant relationship on ROA and NIM. Asset quality has a significant positive effect on NIM but has no significant relationship with ROE and ROA. In application, the bank is expected to continue to increase its size by continuing to increase its assets, and maintains the quality of capital and assets in order not to become the burden of the bank.
Ethnomedicine for sexually transmitted diseases by the tribes of Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: R Ratna Manjula , T V V Seetharami Reddi
Published: March 2018

The paper deals with 27 species of plants covering 26 genera and 20 families used for curing sexually transmitted diseases by the tribes of Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh. Mimosaceae, Capparaceae, Malvaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Apocynaceae and Verbenaceae are the dominant families with 2 species each followed by others. Trees and herbs are more with 8 species each followed by shrubs (7 spp.) and climbers (4 spp.). Root is used in maximum practices (9) followed by leaf (8), whole plant (4), and others. Gonorrhea is cured exclusively by 8 species followed by syphilis and herpes (6 spp. each), gonorrhea and syphilis (5 spp.) and AIDS (2 spp.). Gomphrena serrata and 19 practices were found to be new or less known.
Professions Susceptible to Automation; A Study on Automotive Sector Employees
Authors: Goztas Aylin , Topsumer Fusun , Karanfiloglu Mehmet
Published: March 2018

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Between Law and Traditions: the Practice of (Non) Participation of Girls from the Albanian Community in Macedonia in the Family Property Inheritance
Authors: Neziri Lindita , PhD Abdulla Azizi
Published: March 2018

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The Role of Regional Organizations in Reducing Organized Rape
Authors: Annooz Amal , Janabi Qasem
Published: March 2018

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Linguistic Dominance in Code Switching and Code Mixing Situations (Case of Study the Bilinguals with Albanian as L1)
Authors: Draçini Rrezarta
Published: March 2018

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Learning Arabic writing skill at Ningxia University China: Analysis study
Authors: Nan Ma Ruo , Mei Suo Yan
Published: March 2018

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Teacher Identity and Sociopolitical and Professionalization Demands. An Analysis of Their Relation in Light of a New Systemic Paradigm: the Three-Dimensional Spiral of Sense
Authors: Aparicio Miriam
Published: March 2018

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The Relationship between Physical Punishment at Home and Victimization from Peer Aggression at School in Adolescents in Iran and Finland: A Mediator‒Moderator Analysis
Authors: Khademi Jalal , Björkqvist Kaj , Söderberg Patrik
Published: March 2018

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Regional Development through Continual Improvement of Higher Education in Latín American Countries Case Study
Authors: Rodrigo Moreno Vallejo Jaime , Gabriel Fajardo Romo Frank , Donald Kerchis Donald
Published: March 2018

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Role of chloroquine as an anticancer agent
Authors: Panicker Parvathy R , M Sudha , N Venkateswaramurthy , R Sambathkumar
Published: March 2018

Chloroquine is a prototype antimalarial drug used to prevent and treat malaria, amebiasis and other autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The drug acts as an autophagy inhibitor were autophagy is a self-destructive process which is needed to balance sources of energy at developmental process and in response to nutrient deprivation. New studies have shown the crucial role of chloroquine in cancer treatment and is been extensively used as a monotherapy or adjunct therapy in various types of cancer. This review summarizes the role of chloroquine and its action as an autophagy inhibitor in cancer treatment and also the various safety issues concerning with the same.

Keywords: Adjuanct therap; Autophagy inhibitor; Chloroquine; Monotherapy
A comparative study of monotherapy versus combination therapy in patients with stage-1 hypertension in terms of efficacy and cost effectiveness and to assess the medication adherence
Authors: Mathew Ritu A , Johnson Samuel , Jose Shalumol , Chakraborty Shampa , N Kenneth , Gowda Veeranna
Published: March 2018

Hypertension has multiple pathogenesis and majority of patients require two or more antihypertensive drugs to provide optimum control of blood pressure. The aim is to compare the effectiveness of mono therapy versus combination therapy in patients with stage-1 hypertension, to assess the medication adherence and to compare the cost incurred per day for the different therapies. Patient’s demographical details and history was recorded in a data entry form. Outcome of the treatment was measured in terms of reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Patient’s medication adherence was assessed using modified Medication Adherence Scale. Economic outcomes were measured in terms of cost of individual therapy. The data was entered into the excel sheet and statistically analysed using ANOVA. Results showed that dual therapy is the most effective in reducing the mean systolic (28.75 mm Hg) and diastolic (8.875) blood pressure with the combination of Amlodipine + Telmisartan being the most effective. Here, 66 patients (33%) were found to be adherent and 134 patients (67%) were found to be non- adherent. It was found that AMLOKIND 2.5, LOSAKIND and ATEN 50 were the most cost effective brands of drug from the classes of calcium channel blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers and beta blockers respectively. Comparison of effectiveness of various antihypertensive therapies showed that dual therapy shows maximum reduction in mean systolic BP and thus it can be prescribed more often in Stage I hypertensive patients. The poor adherence scores indicate that a multidisciplinary approach with a greater involvement of the patient is required to increase the compliance of the patient. Also cost effective drugs need to be prescribed more in order to decrease the financial burden on the patients.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Monotherapy; Dual therapy; Triple therapy; Medication adherence
Editor's Welcome
Authors: Camacho Drexel H.
Published: March 2018

Welcome to KIMIKA – the Journal of the Philippine Federation of Chemistry Societies.KIMIKA exists as an avenue for disseminating research outputs in the wide range of chemistry topics hoping to encourage a research culture among Filipinos.Dr. Klaus Jaffe and his group reported in a landmark study* that “productivity in basic sciences correlates to economic growth”. This “productivity in science” refers to the proportion of published research articles by the citizens of the country. Specifically, the research outputs in Chemistry, Materials Science and Physics, have been identified as better predictors of economic wealth and of Human Development Index compared to other popular indices. Although the study did not indicate direct causal chain between basic science and economic development, it does point to the need to strengthen the basic sciences compared to the applied fields to promote economic growth.For the Philippines to sustain its recent economic gains, we in the chemical sciences should be more active in doing research, publishing our works and developing an army of dedicated chemistry researchers. KIMIKA will be your partner in this endeavour.This issue of KIMIKA presents some of the outputs of the Chemistry Writing Workshop held on April 11-13, 2013 during the 28th Philippine Chemistry Congress. We are grateful to the generous support extended by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), for the conduct of the writing workshop and for the sponsorship given to the writing fellows. We hope to see more young researchers from around the country publishing their work in KIMIKA.* K Jafe, et al. Productivity in Physical and Chemical Science Predicts the Future Economic Growth of Developing Countries Better than Other Popular Indices. PLOS One, 2013, Vol 8, Issue 6 pp. e66239
Omega-3 Fatty Acids versus Heavy Metals: A Quantitative Estimation of the Benefit-Risk Ratio for the Consumption of Commonly-Consumed Fish and Products in Metro Manila
Authors: Briones Dave P. , Lazaro-Llanos Nancy
Published: March 2018

Fish and other marine products consumption is the main route of heavy metal exposure to human which poses health risks if taken in high dosage. On the other hand, the nutritional benefits of fish are mainly due to the content of high-quality protein and high content of the two kinds of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA): eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The study aims to assess and compare the benefit-risk ratio for the consumption of commonly-consumed fish and products in Metro Manila. Fish and product samples were analyzed for moisture, crude fat, heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb) and fatty acid profile (saturated, mono- and polyunsaturated) including omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. These findings generally indicate that the consumption of fish and products studied posed no risk to human health. Essential fatty acids EPA and DHA were highest for dried anchovy, Stolephorus indicus (1.5 and 7.3mg/g sample); mussel, Mytilus smaragdinus (1.5 and 1.0mg/g sample); round scad, Decapterus macrosoma (0.9 and 3.4mg/g sample); and skipjack tuna, Auxis thazard (1.1 and 3.9mg/g sample). The hazard quotients of essential fatty acids versus heavy metals were also less than 1 except for Cd in squid (1.8), In the case of dried sardine (19.9), squid (1.8), shrimp (3.4), and skipjack tuna (1.7), these foods should be monitored regularly. In conclusion, the target hazard quotients for most of the fish and products showed values less than 1, which suggest that health risks were insignificant.