bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract 644: Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as regulators of immunity in pre-cancer
Authors: Mohseni Amir Hossein , Taghinezhad-S Sedigheh , Beatty Pamela L. , Finn Olivera J.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Tryptophan (Trp) as an essential amino acid that can only be obtained through diet and is a precursor of serotonin and melatonin and required for protein and niacin biosynthesis. In addition, Trp is appreciated for its influence on both host and microbial metabolism. Trp is shunted into the Kyn pathway (mostly) and indolic pathway (bacterial degradation), especially in the immune cells. Both Kyn and Indole/indole derivatives, in part by activating the ligand-dependent transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), can become dysfunctional in cancer. Most individuals with cancer such as colon cancer, exhibit increased L-kynurenine levels, which in part is explained by progression of immunosuppressive phenotype and excessive inflammatory signaling molecules. To date, studies in mice and humans have linked Kyn and AHR as potent modulators of host immunity to colon cancer (CRC). Nothing is yet known about their role in pre-cancer, during the development of adenomatous polyps. We hypothesized that increases in plasma Kyn and I3A and their receptor AHR on immune cells would be detected in patients with pre-malignant polyps, suggesting dysbiosis and increased colon cancer risk due to immune modulation.

Methods: We measured with mass spectrometry Kyn and I3A in plasma samples of 88 polyp patients and compared to 22 colon cancer patients. We analyzed by flow cytometry PBMCs from 64 newly diagnosed advanced polyp patients (40-70 years old) and 9 age-matched colon cancer patients in order to evaluate AHR expression in different subsets of T cells, NKT cells and NK cells, and their possible association with exhaustion markers Tim-3, LAG-3 and PD-1, as well as Granzyme K, and the presence of immunosuppressive Treg and MDSC.

Results: We showed high level of expression of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in plasma of colon pre-cancer compared to cancer patients. We identified CD8+ T effector memory cells (TEM) as primary T cell population expressing their receptor AHR in polyp patients, which had a statistically significant association with Granzyme K expression, which is a hallmark of inflammaging.

Conclusions: Our results suggest gut microbiota-derived metabolites as potential mediators of immunosuppression in the setting of premalignancy, which could increase cancer risk and be targets of cancer-preventing strategies.

Citation Format: Amir Hossein Mohseni, Sedigheh Taghinezhad-S, Pamela L. Beatty, Olivera J. Finn. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as regulators of immunity in pre-cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 644.
Abstract 6442: Role of TWEAK-Fn14 axis in driving immunosuppression in glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Beniwal Angad , Eghlimi Ryan , Alexander Kenneth D. , Blomquist Mylan R. , Tran Nhan
Published: June 2023

Cellular heterogeneity within glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a key driver of resistance to standard-of-care therapeutic approaches such as DNA damage (temozolomide, TMZ), angiogenesis inhibition (Bevacizumab, BM), radiation necrosis, and surgical resection. As such, understanding and targeting heterogeneous tumor-associated populations is a critical aim of ongoing GBM research. Central nervous system (CNS) resident microglia constitute significant percentages of primary GBM samples, often up to 50% of bulk tumor. Additionally, glioblastoma-associated microglia have been implicated in intra-tumoral immunosuppression, and are thus a key barrier to successful implementation of immunotherapies that seek to enhance T-cell mediated anti-tumoral cytotoxicity. As such, insight into targetable pathways that upregulate immunosuppressive cytokines within GBM-associated microglia is necessary for overcoming immuno-therapeutic failure. Here, we identify expression of the cytokine TWEAK (TNFSF12) and its receptor Fn14 (TNFRSF12A) within the myeloid compartment of primary GBM samples via scRNA-seq. Furthermore, we demonstrate TWEAK-mediated reprogramming of GBM-associated microglia towards an immunosuppressive phenotype capable of inhibiting CD8+ T cell activation and proliferation. These findings unveil a potent, targetable axis of immunosuppression within GBM and are thus an exciting step towards enhancing efficacy of existing T-cell based anti-cancer strategies for GBM patients.

Citation Format: Angad Beniwal, Ryan Eghlimi, Kenneth D. Alexander, Mylan R. Blomquist, Nhan Tran. Role of TWEAK-Fn14 axis in driving immunosuppression in glioblastoma multiforme [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6442.
Abstract 6448: Processed, red, and white meat consumption and breast composition in a prospective cohort study of Chilean girls
Authors: Kim Claire E. , Gaskins Audrey J. , Corvalan Camila , Pereira Ana , Shepherd John , Michels Karin B.
Published: June 2023

Meat consumption has been associated with risk of breast cancer. However, the association between different types of meat (processed and unprocessed red, and white) intake during childhood and breast density has not been explored. This prospective study included 290 Chilean girls from the Growth and Obesity Cohort Study. Diet was assessed every 6 months with a 24-hour recall. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess breast density (absolute fibroglandular volume (FGV)) and percent breast density (FGV/total breast volume, %FGV) at Tanner Breast Staging 4 (B4). Multivariable linear regression models were adjusted for total calorie intake, age at B4, sugar sweetened beverage intake, vegetable intake, TV watching after school, highest maternal education level, BMI z-score, and height. Substitution analysis was assessed using white meat in replacement of processed and unprocessed red meat. There was no association between total, processed and unprocessed red, or white meat intake and %FGV and absolute FGV. In the estimated substitution analyses, we observed a slightly lower breast density when processed or unprocessed red meat was replaced with white meat; however, effect estimates were modest and imprecise. For example, substituting 1 serving of unprocessed white meat for 1 serving of processed or unprocessed red meat was associated -4.1 cm3 (95% CI -10.3, 2.2) and -4.5 cm3 (95% CI -10.3, 1.3) lower absolute FGV, respectively. In this cohort of Chilean girls, there was little association between total or specific types of meat intake and breast density.

Substitution analysis of different types of meat and average breast density at Tanner stage 4 Beta coefficient Confidence interval P value Absolute FGV (cm3) Substituting 1 serving of unprocessed white meat for 1 serving of unprocessed red meat -4.1 (-10.3, 2.2) 0.21 Substituting 1 serving of unprocessed white meat for 1 serving of processed red meat -4.5 (-10.3, 1.3) 0.13 Percentage FGV (%) Substituting 1 serving of unprocessed white meat for 1 serving of unprocessed red meat -2.5 (-5.9, 0.8) 0.14 Substituting 1 serving of unprocessed white meat for 1 serving of processed red meat -2.8 (-5.8, 0.3) 0.08

Citation Format: Claire E. Kim, Audrey J. Gaskins, Camila Corvalan, Ana Pereira, John Shepherd, Karin B. Michels. Processed, red, and white meat consumption and breast composition in a prospective cohort study of Chilean girls [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6448.
Abstract 6475: Compatibility of chatbot-based mobile and paper-based FFQs in participants with colorectal or gastric cancer screening
Authors: Lim Eui Yeon , Lim Yun Jeong , Kim Sang Hoon , Kim Woongsup , Lee Jung Eun
Published: June 2023

Background: The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is the most commonly used method to assess the usual diet of groups and individuals. Paper or electronic FFQ consists of frequencies and portion sizes of foods and beverages. We developed a chatbot-based mobile FFQ, by embedding the validated FFQs in KakaoTalk, Korea’s most popular mobile messenger. We examined the compatibility of the paper and chatbot-based mobile FFQs in participants who underwent cancer screening endoscopy.

Method: A total of 50 men and 45 women aged 24 to 79 were recruited from Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital between April and August 2022. Participants underwent gastroscopy or colonoscopy for cancer screening. They completed both the paper and chatbot-based mobile FFQs. Log-transformed intakes of energy and nutrients were compared using the Pearson correlation coefficient. We also calculated the Cohen’s Kappa coefficients and evaluated Bland-Altman plots and the percent agreement from cross-classification to assess the compatibility.

Results: The Pearson correlation coefficients of energy and energy-adjusted nutrients ranged from 0.74 (niacin) to 0.90 (vitamin A), and the median of coefficients was 0.85. Cohen’s kappa coefficient ranged from 0.56 (sodium) to 0.75 (n-6 fatty acid). In the Bland-Altman plots, most data were located between the lower and upper limits of agreement. The percentages of participants classified into the same and adjacent quartiles were between 88% and 98% for energy-adjusted nutrients.

Conclusions: Our study suggests a good compatibility of paper and chatbot-based mobile FFQs. The chatbot-based mobile FFQ may provide comparable intake rankings and be used to evaluate the association between dietary intake and disease risk in longitudinal studies.

Citation Format: Eui Yeon Lim, Yun Jeong Lim, Sang Hoon Kim, Woongsup Kim, Jung Eun Lee. Compatibility of chatbot-based mobile and paper-based FFQs in participants with colorectal or gastric cancer screening [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6475.
Abstract 6482: CLDN18.2 expression is associated with clinicopathological features and prognosis of Chinese patients with digestive system cancers: a retrospective analysis
Authors: XiaoYi Chong , Qi Changsong , Gong Jifang , Zhang Miao , Ma Mingyang , Jia keren , Zhou Ting , Jian Li , Peng Zhi , Xiao Jun , Peng Xiaohui , Liu Zhen , Li Zonghai , Zhang Xiaotian , Shen Lin
Published: June 2023

Importance: CLDN18.2 was a promising therapeutic target in solid tumors, whereas the clinicopathological features of Chinese CLDN18.2-positive cancer patients were rarely elucidated.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between CLDN18.2 expression and clinicopathological features of Chinese patients with CLDN18.2-positive digestive system cancers.

Methods: This retrospective study included digestive system cancer patients from June 2019 to April 2021 who were screened for two clinical trials of CT041 (an anti-CLDN18.2 CAR-T cell, NCT03874897, and NCT04581473), which were initiated at our center.

Results: A total of 875 digestive system cancer patients were included. CLDN18.2 expression was observed in 73.1% GC patients, 61.8% pancreatic cancer (PC) patients, 10.6% colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and 65.6% biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) patients. In GC, CLDN18.2 expression was associated with age, sex, and Lauren phenotype (all P<0.01). CLDN18.2-positive GC patients had a higher incidence of uterine adnexa metastasis (6.4% vs. 20.8%, P<0.001), and a lower incidence of liver metastasis (22.2% vs. 35.7%, P<0.001). In PC, CLDN18.2-positive cases had a higher proportion of tumors with moderate/high differentiation (46.1% vs. 19.0%, P<0.001), compared with CLDN18.2-negative patients. Additionally, compared with CLDN18.2-negative patients, the proportion of right colon cancer was higher in CLDN18.2-positive patients (40% vs. 18.1%, P=0.028).

Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that CLDN18.2-positive tumors had unique clinicopathological features, which provided a theoretical basis for the treatment of CLDN18.2 positive tumors.

Citation Format: Chong XiaoYi, Changsong Qi, Jifang Gong, Miao Zhang, Mingyang Ma, keren Jia, Ting Zhou, Li Jian, Zhi Peng, Jun Xiao, Xiaohui Peng, Zhen Liu, Zonghai Li, Xiaotian Zhang, Lin Shen. CLDN18.2 expression is associated with clinicopathological features and prognosis of Chinese patients with digestive system cancers: a retrospective analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6482.
Abstract 6483: The association between food deserts, food swamps, and obesity-related cancer mortality in the United States: the new epidemic
Authors: Bevel Malcolm , Tsai Meng-Han , Parham April , Andrzejak Sydney , Jones Samantha R. , Moore Justin X.
Published: June 2023

Background: Obesity-related cancers account for 40% of all cancers in the United States (U.S.). Healthy food consumption is a modifiable factor shown to reduce obesity-related cancer mortality, but residing in geographical areas with poor access to grocery stores/farmer’s markets (food deserts) or higher access to fast-food/convenience stores (food swamps) reduces healthy food access and has been severely understudied.

Methods: We conducted an ecological study utilizing 2010 - 2020 data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Environment Atlas and Center for Disease Control and Prevention mortality. 3,041 U.S. counties with complete information on food environment scores and obesity-related cancer mortality data were included. Food swamp score was calculated as the ratio of fast-food and convenience stores to grocery stores and farmer’s markets. Obesity-related cancer (based on the International Agency for Research on Cancer evidence between obesity and 13 types of cancer) mortality rates were categorized as high (≥71.8 per 100,000) versus low (<71.8 per 100,000) per county. We performed an age-adjusted multivariable polytomous logistic regression for the association between food desert scores, food swamp scores, and obesity-related cancer mortality rates.

Results: Counties with high obesity-related cancer mortality rates had higher percentage of NH-black population (3.30 vs 1.80), persons older than 65 years (15.7 vs 15.4), poverty rates (19.0 vs 14.4), adult obesity rates (33.0 vs 32.1), and adult diabetes rates (12.5 vs 10.7) when compared to counties with low obesity-related cancer mortality (p-value < 0.0001; Table 1). We observed 77% increased odds of having high obesity-related cancer mortality rates among U.S. counties with high food swamp scores (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.43 - 2.18). A positive dose-response relationship between three levels of food desert and food swamp scores and obesity-related cancer mortality was also observed (p-value <0.0001).

Conclusions and Relevance: Policymakers, funding agencies, and community stakeholders should implement sustainable approaches at combating obesity and establishing healthier accessible food such as creating more walkable neighborhoods and community gardens.

Citation Format: Malcolm Bevel, Meng-Han Tsai, April Parham, Sydney Andrzejak, Samantha R. Jones, Justin X. Moore. The association between food deserts, food swamps, and obesity-related cancer mortality in the United States: the new epidemic [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6483.
Abstract 6622: Developing spatial molecular correlates of response to immunotherapy in kidney cancer
Authors: Beckermann Kathryn , Haake Scott , Nesta Alex , Caponegro Michael , Nirmala N R , Reddy Anupama
Published: June 2023

Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising new therapy for kidney cancer with durable clinical responses in a subset of the patients. However, discovery of biomarkers that predict patient response to immunotherapy has thus far been unsuccessful. Diverse sets of biomarkers have been proposed, (e.g., PD-L1 immunohistochemistry, tumor mutation burden, gene expression signatures), but have failed to validate in clinical studies. There is an urgent need to identify predictive biomarkers for selecting kidney cancer patients most likely to respond to immunotherapy. Spatial biology technologies provide molecular data at single cell resolution along with spatial coordinates in patient’s tumor slides. We hypothesized that the presence of immune cell types and their spatial 2-D patterns in a histology image could potentially predict response to immunotherapy. For this project we are using Tissue Microarray (TMAs). We are using two cohorts of data: (Dataset-1) 70 clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors, and (Dataset-2) 180 patients, early stage papillary RCC (PRCC) cohort. Dataset-1 was assayed using CosMx (Nanostring technologies) for a RNA panel of 980 immune-related genes. Dataset-2 was assayed with PhenoCycler (Akoya Biosciences) for a 31 marker protein panel with immune-related genes. We have developed methodology and novel algorithms to process both the datasets and to identify spatial phenotypes. Our pipelines include QC, normalization, dimensionality reduction and clustering. For annotation of cell types, we used as reference single cell datasets from RCC to identify tumor-type specific cell types. These cell types were mapped back to their spatial coordinates and visualized. We verified the annotations based on visual checks of their cellular morphology and organization. Next, we identified cellular neighborhoods around each cell and identified spatial clusters. We also performed a network-based analysis to identify additional spatial patterns. We performed correlation analysis with clinical phenotypes and identified spatial clusters of immune cell subtypes located in proximity of cancer cells to be associated with response to therapy.

Citation Format: Kathryn Beckermann, Scott Haake, Alex Nesta, Michael Caponegro, N R Nirmala, Anupama Reddy. Developing spatial molecular correlates of response to immunotherapy in kidney cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6622.
Abstract 6630: Flow cytometry immunophenotyping using commercial antibodies to maximize detection of PD-1 in immuno-oncology (I-O) clinical studies with anti-PD-1 check point inhibitors
Authors: Mohanram Venkat , Yang Ming , Bisconte Angelina , Phippard Deborah
Published: June 2023

Precision for Medicine’s translational biomarker expertise supports global clinical trials with flow cytometry. A biomarker strategy which includes flow cytometry to generate pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models for rational design of dose escalation and expansion of clinical studies, may need to consider concomitant drugs for checkpoint inhibition like Pembrolizumab.

Precision has optimized the use of commercial anti-PD-1 and anti-IgG4 reagents to detect both free PD-1 and/or Pembro-bound PD-1 when patients are on study with a new molecular entity as either a monotherapy or in combination with concomitant checkpoint inhibitors. For I-O studies conventional efficacy endpoints combined with flow biomarker driven surrogate endpoints enhance therapeutic decisions for determining mechanism of action and biological response when incorporated in early-phase clinical studies. Precision developed and qualified a flow immunophenotyping assay to quantify PD-1 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells using a commercial PD-1 clone (PD1.3.1.3) and an anti-IgG4. This enabled detection of both free and drug bound PD-1 receptor. We compared detection of PD-1 in PHA stimulated healthy donors treated with saturating Pembrolizumab or no drug treatment. There was not a significant difference observed in PD-1 quantification in the presence or absence of Pembrolizumab, which demonstrated that our approach was able to accurately measure total PD-1 whether free or bound. As Pembrolizumab was titrated from the saturating concentration there was a dose-dependent decrease in detection of PD-1. We have used this assay to detect PD-1 with several new I-O therapies that combined standard anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors, and in these clinical studies for advanced and rare solid tumor indications, we observed an average of 20-40% increase in PD-1 compared to no drug treatment.

Immuno-oncology clinical trials which incorporate checkpoint inhibitors like either PD-1 or PD-L1, the availability of commercial reagents are key considerations to detect these receptors when designing a sensitive, selective, and accurate biomarker assay.

Citation Format: Venkat Mohanram, Ming Yang, Angelina Bisconte, Deborah Phippard. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping using commercial antibodies to maximize detection of PD-1 in immuno-oncology (I-O) clinical studies with anti-PD-1 check point inhibitors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6630.
Abstract 6637: Transcriptomic biomarkers of immunotherapy response in solid tumors
Authors: Gyorffy Balazs , Kovacs Szonja Anna , Fekete János Tibor
Published: June 2023

Background. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors can be administered in multiple solid tumor types. Currently available biomarkers, like the expression of PD-L1 or tumor mutational burden, miss a significant proportion of patients who could benefit from the therapy. Our goal was to set up a database consisting of both gene expression and clinical response data and to uncover the most significant biomarkers of response to anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapies.

Methods. The GEO repository was screened to identify datasets with simultaneously available transcriptomic and clinical response data across different solid tumor types. The screening focused on studies involving the administration of nivolumab (anti-PD-1), pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1), atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1), durvalumab (anti-PD-L1), and ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4). Mann-Whitney U-test and receiver operating characteristic analysis were performed across all genes to identify features related to therapy response. False discovery rate was computed to correct for multiple hypothesis testing.

Results. The database that we established consists of 1,439 unique tumor samples from nineteen datasets with gastric-, lung-, esophageal-, head, neck-, and urothelial cancers, and malignant melanoma. The strongest upregulated candidates linked to resistance in anti-PD-1 treated tumors were PRXL2A (AUC=0.771), ODR4 (AUC=0.734), and RBM15B (AUC=0.734). The most robust hits in the anti-PD-L1 treated cohort were NOTCH3 (AUC=0.639), NECTIN1 (AUC=0.631) and ITGAV (AUC=0.63). In the anti-CTLA-4 treatment cohort C5orf24 (AUC=0.76) was the most promising candidate. We have also established a portal for additional analysis and ranking of further biomarker candidates by extending our previously established ROC plotter. The immunotherapy-treated transcriptomic database is accessible at the website www.rocplot.com/immune.

Discussion. An integrated database and an online platform were set up to validate potential biomarkers of immunotherapy response in a sizeable cohort of cancer samples from multiple tumor types. By using the direction of expression change as a filter, we have identified the most promising biomarker candidates.

Citation Format: Balazs Gyorffy, Szonja Anna Kovacs, János Tibor Fekete. Transcriptomic biomarkers of immunotherapy response in solid tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6637.
Abstract 751: Disparities in physician office visit wait time among US cancer survivors
Authors: Chido-Amajuoyi Onyema , Nnamani Ikenna , Agbedia Owhofasa
Published: June 2023

Background: Disparities are well-documented in the time spent seeking medical care in the US. Studies have found that minority populations are likely to have longer wait times securing healthcare access and higher total time spent at clinic visits. However, this relationship has not been previously examined among the cancer survivor population, which constitutes about 17 million people in the US.

Methods: Study data were derived from the 2018 National Health Interview Survey, a nationally representative survey of US adults. Study sample was restricted to cancer survivors (n=2,940; N=23,310,174). The primary outcome of this study was reports of prolonged wait times during doctor office visits. Weighted multivariable logistic regression were used to estimate adjusted associations between prolonged wait times during doctor office visits and sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of cancer survivors. All analyses were conducted using STATA version 14.2.

Results: Respondents who identified as Black/African American were almost 3 times more likely than their White counterparts to report prolonged wait times during doctor office visits (aOR 2.65, 95% CI; 1.296, 5.419). Similarly, respondents who identified as Hispanic were almost 3 times more likely than non-Hispanic respondents to report prolonged wait times during doctor office visits (aOR 2.604, 95% CI; 1.347, 5.035). Respondents in the $50,000 - $74,999 income bracket were less likely to report prolonged wait times during doctor office visits than respondents who earned less than $35,000 (aOR: 0.50, 95% CI, 0.276, 0.916).

Conclusion: Black/African American and Hispanic cancer survivors had increased odds of reporting prolonged wait times during doctor office visits. Disparities in cancer health and survivorship are well documented among racial minorities. Addressing disparities in healthcare experiences and access will be crucial in dispelling existing cancer health disparities.

Citation Format: Onyema Chido-Amajuoyi, Ikenna Nnamani, Owhofasa Agbedia. Disparities in physician office visit wait time among US cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 751.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Immuno-PET Imaging of CD69 Visualizes T-Cell Activation and Predicts Survival following Immunotherapy in Murine GBM.
Authors: Nisnboym Michal , Vincze Sarah R. , Xiong Zujian , Sneiderman Chaim T. , Raphael Rebecca A. , Li Bo , Sever ReidAnn E. , Jaswal Ambika P. , Day Kathryn E. , Latoche Joseph D , Foley Lesley M , Karimi Hanieh , Hitchens T. Kevin , Agnihotri Sameer , Hu Baoli , Rajasundaram Dhivyaa , Anderson Carolyn J , Blumenthal Deborah T. , Pearce Thomas M. , Uttam Shikhar , Nedrow Jessie R. , Panigrahy Ashok , Pollack Ian F , Lieberman Frank S , Drappatz Jan , Raphael Itay , Edwards Wilson B. , Kohanbash Gary
Published: June 2023

Equilibrium dissociation constants of anti-CD69 Abs clone CD69.2.2 and H1.2F3.
Supplementary Data S1a and S1b from Optimizing precision medicine for breast cancer brain metastases with functional drug response assessment.
Authors: Morikawa Aki , Li Jinju , Ulintz Peter , Cheng Xu , Apfel Athena , Robinson Dan , Hopkins Alex , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Wu Yi-Mi , Serhan Habib , Verbal Kait , Thomas Dafydd , Hayes Dan , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Heth Jason , Soellner Matthew B , Merajver Sofia Diana , Merrill Nathan
Published: June 2023

S1a. Breast cancer brain metastases cohort (Group A) selectionS1b. Clinical characteristics of breast cancer brain metastases cohort (Group A)
Lower Lid Entropion in a 78-year-old Female: A Case Report
Authors: Irma Josiah , Onasis Serena , Permatasari Nivia
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Entropion is a malposition of the eyelids in which the eyelid margin folds inward and causes irritation to the eye. It can be caused by congenital, spastic, cicatricial and involutional entropion. Involutional entropion affects 10.6% in group over the age of 60, especially in Asian races as compared to Caucasian races.1 It can have adverse effect on the eye such as trichiasis in which the eyelashes protrudes inwards towards the eyeball, leading to persistent erosions of punctate epithelium, pannus formation or ulcers. Definitive treatment for entropion is surgical intervention when feasible, such as the Jones procedure. The prognosis of corrective surgical intervention is highly correlated to the successfulness of the surgery and wound healing process of the patient, thus needing highly accurate and cautious procedure.2
Methods: This case report was taken from the Eye Clinic of Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam, in February 2022.  
Results: A 78 years-old female presented with complaints of discomfort, foreign body sensation, irritation, itching, and glare in both eyes since 1 year ago. She had a history of cataract surgery 3 years ago. 
Conclusions: Anamnesis and ophthalmological examinations results lead to suspected glaucoma, involution entropion ODS and pseudophakia ODS. Blepharoplasty was performed on the patient with appropriate surgical and therapeutic techniques. The post-operative examination showed results indicating a good prognosis in this patient.
Peacekeeping, Disarmament, and the New Agenda for Peace
Authors: Ponzio Richard , Siddiqui Muznah
Published: June 2023

This article examines briefly the changing nature of conflict from the end of the Cold War until the present “post-post Cold War” era. Against the backdrop of Secretary-General António Guterres’s forthcoming (June 2023) New Agenda for Peace in response to the changing nature of warfare, alongside waning demand for certain UN conflict management tools, the article offers concrete recommendations for advancing peacekeeping (a New Civilian Response Capability, investing in hybrid and partnership-oriented peacekeeping, and revisiting the idea of standing peacekeeping forces) and disarmament (enhanced Arms Trade Treaty transparency, aligning the interests of nuclear armed states and non–nuclear weapons states, and establishing global norms on the illegality of specific types of cyber behavior) through the world body. Reform proposals privilege the development of multilateral and local capacities for peace. The article concludes with some thoughts on the research agenda ahead for scholars and policy analysts dedicated to studying and pursuing peace through more effective approaches to global governance.
Larval morphology and new records of the iconic diving beetle Acilius sinensis Peschet, 1915 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Dytiscinae)—a species well established in western Yunnan, China
Authors: ALARIE YVES , MAI ZUQI , MICHAT MARIANO C. , HÁJEK JIŘÍ
Published: June 2023

Adults and larvae of the very rare Chinese endemic species Acilius sinensis Peschet, 1915 are newly reported from three localities in western Yunnan, which indicates the presence of viable populations in this area. Based on the available data, the rarity of the species in collections is more caused by collecting bias than actual threat of its habitat loss. All larval instars of A. sinensis are for the first time described according to the now generalized larval descriptive format of Dytiscidae, which incorporates detailed chaetotaxic and morphometric analyses. Like other known Acilius Leach, 1817 larvae, A. sinensis is characterized by the typical Y-shaped median process of prementum. So far as the third instar larva is considered, A. sinensis shares with A. fraternus (Harris, 1828), A. kishii Nakane 1963, A. semisulcatus Aubé, 1838, and A. sulcatus (Linnaeus, 1758) the median process of prementum invaginated at nearly 75% of its length compared to less than 35% in A. abbreviatus Aubé, 1838, A. duvergeri Gobert, 1874, and A. canaliculatus (Nicolai, 1822). As far as chaetotaxy is concerned, A. sinensis is distinguished by the presence of the primary pore PAo located on the ventral face of the parietal. The habitat of the species is briefly commented. Acilius sinensis is here newly proposed for inclusion in the IUCN red list in the category Vulnerable.
Consumer culture and symbolic capital in a differentiated Pakistani transnational community: ‘It is a fake type of izzat’
Authors: Hall Alexandra , Taylor Steve
Published: June 2023

Drawing on original qualitative data this article analyses fluid and shifting notions of symbolic capital within the Pakistani diaspora in Newcastle upon Tyne, North East England. Focusing on the South Asian concept of izzat (honour/prestige) it is argued that the field of local symbolic prestige is adapting to the macro context laid down by consumer culture as its mechanisms permeate the structural, cultural and everyday lives of this transnational community. This is partially and differentially influencing forms of cultural and symbolic capital accumulation in the community, as evidenced by subtle and varied changes in the appropriation and exchange of izzat. Izzat is a phenomenon which has been centrally embedded within Pakistani cultures and societies for centuries. Our key argument is that the context and nature of izzat among the Pakistani transnational community studied are being significantly shaped and altered by the role of consumer culture in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century, but that this simultaneously maps onto existing hierarchies and social differentiation within this transnational community, as well as contemporary discourse on and divisions over Muslim identity and piety.
Enhancing two-way shape memory behavior of polycaprolactone nanofibers through aligned crystallization optimization
Authors: Zheng Guang , Wang Xinqi , Zhang Heng , Guan Xiaoyu
Published: June 2023

Stress-free two-way shape memory polymers capable of reversible shifting between two distinct shapes offer versatile platforms for the development of future smart devices. However, improving the recovery performance of bidirectional shape memory polymers with good biocompatibility and stimulus temperature remains challenging. Studies have shown that enhancing oriented crystallization can effectively improve shape recovery performance. Herein, we demonstrate a simple approach to enhance the number of nanofibers aligned in the tensile stress direction by controlling the alignment direction of polycaprolactone nanofibers, which promotes the generation of oriented crystallization in the tensile state, thereby achieving a 230.8% improvement in recoverable strain. The optimization of the nanofiber structure offers a generalized method for enhancing the two-way shape memory behavior of semicrystalline polymers.
Clinical outcomes of different revascularization approaches for patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Hasan Syed Umar , Pervez Alina , Naseeb Muhammad Wahdan , Rajput Bakhtawar Saleem , Faheem Ariba , Hameed Irbaz , Sá Michel Pompeu , Zubair M. Mujeeb
Published: June 2023

Background

As surgical techniques continue to evolve, the optimal approach for revascularizing multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a matter of ongoing debate. Accordingly, our objective was to compare and contrast various surgical techniques utilized in the management of multi-vessel CAD.

Methods

A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane central register of controlled trials from inception to May 2022. Random-effects network meta-analysis was performed for the primary outcome; target vessel revascularization (TVR), and secondary outcomes; mortality, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, postoperative myocardial infarction, new-onset atrial fibrillation, stroke, new-onset dialysis, in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a stent, off-pump coronary bypass graft, on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (ONCABG), hybrid coronary revascularization, minimally-invasive coronary artery bypass, or robot-assisted coronary artery bypass (RCAB) surgeries.

Results

A total of 8841 patients were included from 23 studies. The analysis showed that ONCABG had the highest freedom from TVR, with a mean (SD) absolute risk of 0.027 (0.029); although ONCABG was found to be superior to all other methods, it was only significantly better than first-generation stent PCI. While RCAB did not demonstrate significant superiority over other treatments, it showed a greater probability of preventing postoperative complications. Notably, no significant heterogeneity was calculated for any of the reported outcomes.

Conclusions

ONCABG shows a better rank probability compared to all other techniques for preventing TVR, while RCAB offers greater freedom from most postoperative complications. However, given the absence of randomized controlled trials, these results should be interpreted with caution.
Behavioral treatment for migraine prophylaxis in adults: Moderator analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Klan Timo , Gaul Charly , Liesering-Latta Eva , Witthöft Michael , Hennemann Severin
Published: June 2023

Background

While growing evidence suggests the efficacy of various behavioral approaches to the preventive treatment of migraine, it remains largely unclear which behavioral interventions are indicated for which type of patient. This exploratory study aimed to identify moderators for the outcome between migraine-specific cognitive-behavioral therapy and relaxation training.

Methods

In this secondary analysis of an open-label randomized controlled trial, the data of N  =  77 adults (completer sample) with migraine (mean age = 47.4, SD = 12.2, 88% female), who were allocated to either migraine-specific cognitive-behavioral therapy or relaxation training, was examined. Outcome was the frequency of headache days at the 12-month follow-up. We analyzed baseline demographic or clinical characteristics and headache-specific variables (disability, emotional distress, trigger sensitivity and avoidance, pain acceptance, self-efficacy) as candidate moderators.

Results

Higher headache-related disability (assessed via the Headache Impact Test, HIT-6, B = –0.41 [95% CI: –0.85 to –0.10], p = .047), higher anxiety (assessed via the subscale Anxiety of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress scales, DASS-A, B = –0.66 [95% CI: –1.27 to –0.02], p = .056), and the presence of a comorbid mental disorder ( B = –4.98, [95% CI: –9.42 to –0.29], p = .053), moderated the outcome in favor of migraine-specific cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Conclusion

Our findings contribute to an individualized treatment selection and suggest that preference for complex behavioral treatment (migraine-specific cognitive-behavioral therapy) should be given to patients with high headache-related disability, increased anxiety, or a comorbid mental disorder. Study Registration: Original study registered in the German Clinical Trials Register ( https://drks.de/search/de ; DRKS-ID: DRKS00011111).
Implications of Schumpeter’s and Kirzner’s Economic Models of Entrepreneurship for Indian Women
Authors: P. Mohammed Shameem
Published: June 2023

The importance of fostering entrepreneurship is inevitable in poverty alleviation programmes because it is the best way to create capabilities. Nurturing women entrepreneurship in a competent outfit will be a way to fight poverty. Schumpeter’s and Kirzner’s economic models of entrepreneurship show how women’s entrepreneurship should be identified, recruited, mentored and encouraged. So, the notion of eradicating poverty through profit in rural India can be by women entrepreneurs taking up radical and incremental innovation and achieving profitability, self-fulfilments and thus the positive economic outcome. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which are vehicles in which women entrepreneurship thrives, are very conducive for rural women. The unique qualities and skills which women entrepreneurs introduce into SMEs constitute a real potential source of innovation for economies. To Schumpeter, while the identification and exploitation of this source of opportunities involve radical innovations, Kirzner’s incremental innovations are brought to market and exploited by alert entrepreneurs.
Revisiting the Impact of NPAs on Profitability, Liquidity and Solvency: Indian Banking System
Authors: Sharma Preeti , Mishra Bhakti Bhushan , Rohatgi Sachin Kumar
Published: June 2023

In the light of the fact that non-performing assets (NPAs) in the country are increasing at a very fast pace, this article intends to investigate the outcome of gross NPAs (GNAPs) ratio on profitability, liquidity and solvency in Indian banking system. To study this impact, we have used panel data of 30 Indian banks (12 government sector banks and 18 private sector banks) from 2014 to 2021 (8 years) collected from Prowess (CMIE) and money control. The current study uses four different panel regression models, that is, fixed and panel regression models, pooled regression models and seemingly unrelated regression models. The empirical outcomes of the current study confirm the outcomes of existing studies. The findings of this article confirm the substantial association between the GNPA ratio and profitability ratio, that is, net profit ratio, return on assets ratio and return on equity ratio. Further, the study also confirms the association between the GNPA ratio and liquidity ratios of banks (cash flow margin, current ratio, acid test ratio, cash ratio and operating cash flow ratio). We also found the impact of the GNPA ratio on the capital adequacy ratio.
Allowance Extraction Considering of Inner and Outer Contour and Experimental Research on Belt Grinding of Hollow Blade
Authors: Huang Yun , Wei Ming , Xiao Guijian , Liu Shuai , Wu Yuan
Published: June 2023

Aero-engine fan blades often use a cavity structure to improve the thrust-to-weight ratio of the aircraft. However, the use of the cavity structure brings a series of difficulties to the manufacturing and processing of the blades. Due to the limitation of blade manufacturing technology, it is difficult for the internal cavity structure to achieve the designed contour shape, so the blade has uneven wall thickness and poor consistency, which affects the fatigue performance and airflow dynamic performance of the blade. In order to reduce the influence of uneven wall thickness, this paper proposes a grinding allowance extraction method considering the double dimension constraints (DDC) of the inner and outer contours of the hollow blade. Constrain the two dimensions of the inner and outer contours of the hollow blade. On the premise of satisfying the outer contour constraints, the machining model of the blade is modified according to the distribution of the inwall contour to obtain a more reasonable distribution of the grinding allowance. On the premise of satisfying the contour constraints, according to the distribution of the inwall contour, the machining model of the blade is modified to obtain a more reasonable distribution of the grinding allowance. Through the grinding experiment of the hollow blade, the surface roughness is below Ra0.4 μm, and the contour accuracy is between − 0.05~0.14 mm, which meets the processing requirements. Compared with the allowance extraction method that only considers the contour, the problem of poor wall thickness consistency can be effectively improved. It can be used to extract the allowance of aero-engine blades with hollow features, which lays a foundation for the study of hollow blade grinding methods with high service performance.
Neighborhood safety, fall indices, physical activity level and social participation restrictions from a population of community-dwelling older adults in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Akosile Christopher Olusanjo , Ngwu Nnaemeka Pascal , Okonkwo Uchenna Prosper , Onwuakagba Ifeoma Uchenna , Okoye Emmanuel Chiebuka
Published: June 2023

Background

Restriction in physical activity (PA) and social participation restriction (PR) can be heightened in the presence of fear of fall (FOF), fall experience, and perceived unsafe neighborhood, particularly among older adults. Despite the enormous benefits of social participation and physical activity, many older adults remain vulnerable to participation restriction and this probably accounts for a significant proportion of health challenges for older adults.

Objective

This study investigated the relationship between neighborhood safety (NS), fall indices, physical activity, and social participation restriction among older adults from selected communities in Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional survey of 170 recruited via consecutive non-probability sampling techniques. Socio-demographic variables, co-morbidities, and fall prevalence were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. The study instruments include the PA neighborhood environment scale – Nigeria (PANES-N), PA scale for elderly (PASE), Participation scale (PS), Modified fall efficacy scale (MFES), and Fall risk assessment tool (FRAT) and fall indices.

Statistical analysis

Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviations, frequency counts, and percentages were used to analyze the socio-demographic variables, and Inferential statistics of Spearman rank order correlation were used to determine the relationship among the neighborhood safety, fall indices, physical activity level, and participation restrictions.

Results

PR has a negative relationship with NS (r = -0.19, p- 0.01), and fall efficacy (r = -0.52, p- 0.001). However, PR has a positive relationship with fall risk (r = 0.36, p = 0.001).

Conclusion

Participation restriction is negatively correlated with neighborhood safety, fall efficacy, and PA. The PR has a positive relationship with fall risk (FR).