bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a nomogram to predict risk of septic cardiomyopathy in the intensive care unit
Authors: Sun Peng-fei , Wang Cheng-jian , Du Ying , Zhan Yu-Qin , Shen Pan-pan , Ding Ya-hui
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to develop a simple but effective nomogram to predict risk of septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) in the intensive care unit (ICU). We analyzed data from patients who were first admitted to the ICU for sepsis between 2008 and 2019 in the MIMIC-IV database, with no history of heart disease, and divided them into a training cohort and an internal validation cohort at a 7:3 ratio. SCM is defined as sepsis diagnosed in the absence of other cardiac diseases, with echocardiographic evidence of left (or right) ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 50%. Variables were selected from the training cohort using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression to develop an early predictive model for septic cardiomyopathy. A nomogram was constructed using logistic regression analysis and its receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration were evaluated in two cohorts. A total of 1562 patients participated in this study, with 1094 in the training cohort and 468 in the internal validation cohort. SCM occurred in 13.4% (147 individuals) in the training cohort, 16.0% (75 individuals) in the internal validation cohort. After adjusting for various confounding factors, we constructed a nomogram that includes SAPS II, Troponin T, CK-MB index, white blood cell count, and presence of atrial fibrillation. The area under the curve (AUC) for the training cohort was 0.804 (95% CI 0.764–0.844), and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test showed good calibration of the nomogram (P = 0.288). Our nomogram also exhibited good discriminative ability and calibration in the internal validation cohort. Our nomogram demonstrated good potential in identifying patients at increased risk of SCM in the ICU.
Analysis of the current status of "pseudo" unplanned endotracheal extubation in ICU patients in China's tertiary hospitals
Authors: Zhang Qin , Wang Li , Liu Xiaoli , Liu Zhenwei , Pu Zaichun , Fang Ziji , Li Lele , Guo Danyang , Lu Rong , Jia Ping
Published: June 2024

To analyze the current status of "pseudo" unplanned endotracheal extubation in ICU patients in China's tertiary hospitals and to provide a reference for improving the quality of medical care. Through the National Nursing Quality Data Platform, unplanned endotracheal extubation data reported by ICUs in China's tertiary hospitals from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed. The situation of reported hospitals, causes, and the current status of "pseudo" unplanned endotracheal extubation in ICU patients was analyzed. The indicator of unplanned endotracheal extubation in ICUs of China’s tertiary hospitals is mainly from first-class tertiary hospitals (74.9%), most of which are self-extractions by patients (74.6%). The proportion of "pseudo" unplanned endotracheal extubation is 45.1%. "Pseudo" unplanned endotracheal extubation is common in the ICUs of China's tertiary hospitals. As such, management blind spots deserve attention from managers and clinical staff.
User-centred design, validation and clinical testing of an anti-choking mug for people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Bhidayasiri Roongroj , Chaisongkram Araya , Anan Chanawat , Phuenpathom Warongporn
Published: June 2024

Oropharyngeal dysphagia, or difficulty initiating swallowing, is a frequent problem in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and can lead to aspiration pneumonia. The efficacy of pharmacological options is limited. Postural strategies, such as a chin-down manoeuvre when drinking, have had some degree of success but may be difficult for people who have other limitations such as dementia or neck rigidity, to reproduce consistently. Using a user-centred design approach and a multidisciplinary team, we developed and tested an anti-choking mug for people with PD that helps angle the head in the optimum position for drinking. The design reflected anthropometric and ergonomic aspects of user needs with features including regulation of water flow rate and sip volume, an inner slope, a thickened handle and a wide base, which promoted a chin-down posture when used. Prototype testing using digital technology to compare neck flexion angles (the primary outcome), plus clinical outcomes assessed using standard tools (Swallowing Clinical Assessment Score in Parkinson’s Disease (SCAS-PD) and Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Parts II and III), found significant improvements in a range of parameters related to efficient swallowing and safe drinking when using the anti-choking mug versus a sham mug.
Methylation marks in blood DNA reveal breast cancer risk in patients fulfilling hereditary disease criteria
Authors: Ruiz-De La Cruz Miguel , Martínez-Gregorio Héctor , Estela Díaz-Velásquez Clara , Ambriz-Barrera Fernando , Resendiz-Flores Norma Gabriela , Gitler-Weingarten Rina , Rojo-Castillo María Patricia , Pradda Didier , Oliver Javier , Perdomo Sandra , Gómez-García Eva María , De La Cruz-Montoya Aldo Hugo , Terrazas Luis Ignacio , Torres-Mejía Gabriela , Hernández-Hernández Fidel de la Cruz , Vaca-Paniagua Felipe
Published: June 2024

Less than 15–20% of patients who meet the criteria for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) carry pathogenic coding genetic mutations, implying that other molecular mechanisms may contribute to the increased risk of this condition. DNA methylation in peripheral blood has been suggested as a potential epigenetic marker for the risk of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to discover methylation marks in peripheral blood associated with BC in 231 pre-treatment BC patients meeting HBOC criteria, testing negative for coding pathogenic variants, and 156 healthy controls, through methylation analysis by targeted bisulfite sequencing on 18 tumor suppressor gene promoters (330 CpG sites). We found i) hypermethylation in EPCAM (17 CpG sites; p = 0.017) and RAD51C (27 CpG sites; p = 0.048); ii) hypermethylation in 36 CpG-specific sites (FDR q < 0.05) in the BC patients; iii) four specific CpG sites were associated with a higher risk of BC (FDR q < 0.01, Bonferroni p < 0.001): cg89786999-FANCI (OR = 1.65; 95% CI:1.2–2.2), cg23652916-PALB2 (OR = 2.83; 95% CI:1.7–4.7), cg47630224-MSH2 (OR = 4.17; 95% CI:2.1–8.5), and cg47596828-EPCAM (OR = 1.84; 95% CI:1.5–2.3). Validation of cg47630224-MSH2 methylation in one Australian cohort showed an association with 3-fold increased BC risk (AUC: 0.929; 95% CI: 0.904–0.955). Our findings suggest that four DNA methylation CpG sites may be associated with a higher risk of BC, potentially serving as biomarkers in patients without detectable coding mutations.
Local grafting heterogeneities control water intrusion and extrusion in nanopores
Authors: Cambiaso Sonia , Rasera Fabio , Tinti Antonio , Bochicchio Davide , Grosu Yaroslav , Rossi Giulia , Giacomello Alberto
Published: June 2024

Hydrophobic nanoporous materials can only be intruded by water forcibly, typically increasing pressure. For some materials, water extrudes when the pressure is lowered again. Controlling intrusion/extrusion hysteresis is central in technological applications, including energy materials, high performance liquid chromatography, and liquid porosimetry, but its molecular determinants are still elusive. Here, we consider water intrusion/extrusion in mesoporous materials grafted with hydrophobic chains, showing that intrusion/extrusion is ruled by microscopic heterogeneities in the grafting. For example, intrusion/extrusion pressures can vary more than 60 MPa depending on the chain length and grafting density. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations reveal that local changes in radius and contact angle produced by grafting heterogeneities can pin the water interface during intrusion or facilitate vapor bubble nucleation in extrusion. These microscopic insights can directly impact the design of energy materials and chromatography columns, as well as the interpretation of porosimetry results.
Ice-free period too long for Southern and Western Hudson Bay polar bear populations if global warming exceeds 1.6 to 2.6 °C
Authors: Stroeve Julienne , Crawford Alex , Ferguson Steve , Stirling Ian , Archer Louise , York Geoffrey , Babb David , Mallett Robbie
Published: June 2024

Hudson Bay has warmed over 1 °C in the last 30 years. Coincident with this warming, seasonal patterns have shifted, with the spring sea ice melting earlier and the fall freeze-up occurring later, leading to a month longer of ice-free conditions. This extended ice-free period presents a significant challenge for polar bears, as it restricts their hunting opportunities for seals and their ability to accumulate the necessary body weight for successful reproduction. Drawing on the latest insights from CMIP6, our updated projections of the ice-free period indicate a more spatially detailed and alarming outlook for polar bear survival. Limiting global warming to 2 °C above pre-industrial levels may prevent the ice-free period from exceeding 183 days in both western and southern Hudson Bay, providing some optimism for adult polar bear survival. However, with longer ice-free periods already substantially impacting recruitment, extirpation for polar bears in this region may already be inevitable.
Principal component-based clinical aging clocks identify signatures of healthy aging and targets for clinical intervention
Authors: Fong Sheng , Pabis Kamil , Latumalea Djakim , Dugersuren Nomuundari , Unfried Maximilian , Tolwinski Nicholas , Kennedy Brian , Gruber Jan
Published: June 2024

Clocks that measure biological age should predict all-cause mortality and give rise to actionable insights to promote healthy aging. Here we applied dimensionality reduction by principal component analysis to clinical data to generate a clinical aging clock (PCAge) identifying signatures (principal components) separating healthy and unhealthy aging trajectories. We found signatures of metabolic dysregulation, cardiac and renal dysfunction and inflammation that predict unsuccessful aging, and we demonstrate that these processes can be impacted using well-established drug interventions. Furthermore, we generated a streamlined aging clock (LinAge), based directly on PCAge, which maintains equivalent predictive power but relies on substantially fewer features. Finally, we demonstrate that our approach can be tailored to individual datasets, by re-training a custom clinical clock (CALinAge), for use in the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) study of caloric restriction. Our analysis of CALERIE participants suggests that 2 years of mild caloric restriction significantly reduces biological age. Altogether, we demonstrate that this dimensionality reduction approach, through integrating different biological markers, can provide targets for preventative medicine and the promotion of healthy aging.
A high-performance deep reservoir computer experimentally demonstrated with ion-gating reservoirs
Authors: Nishioka Daiki , Tsuchiya Takashi , Imura Masataka , Koide Yasuo , Higuchi Tohru , Terabe Kazuya
Published: June 2024

While physical reservoir computing is a promising way to achieve low power consumption neuromorphic computing, its computational performance is still insufficient at a practical level. One promising approach to improving its performance is deep reservoir computing, in which the component reservoirs are multi-layered. However, all of the deep-reservoir schemes reported so far have been effective only for simulation reservoirs and limited physical reservoirs, and there have been no reports of nanodevice implementations. Here, as an ionics-based neuromorphic nanodevice implementation of deep-reservoir computing, we report a demonstration of deep physical reservoir computing with maximum of four layers using an ion gating reservoir, which is a small and high-performance physical reservoir. While the previously reported deep-reservoir scheme did not improve the performance of the ion gating reservoir, our deep-ion gating reservoir achieved a normalized mean squared error of 9.08 × 10−3 on a second-order nonlinear autoregressive moving average task, which is the best performance of any physical reservoir so far reported in this task. More importantly, the device outperformed full simulation reservoir computing. The dramatic performance improvement of the ion gating reservoir with our deep-reservoir computing architecture paves the way for high-performance, large-scale, physical neural network devices.
Two single arm trials of AKL-T01, a digital therapeutic for adolescents and adults with ADHD
Authors: Stamatis Caitlin A. , Farlow Deborah N. , Mercaldi Catherine , Suh Minny , Maple Amanda , Savarese Antonia , Childress Ann , Melmed Raun D. , Kollins Scott H.
Published: June 2024

Inattention symptoms represent a key driver of functional impairment in ADHD and often persist into adolescence and adulthood, underscoring a need for novel treatments targeting attentional control. We evaluated AKL-T01—a digital therapeutic that is FDA-cleared for children 8–12 y with ADHD—in adolescents and adults with ADHD in two independent single-arm trials: STARS-ADHD-Adolescent, a 4-week trial in adolescents 13–17 y (n = 162 enrolled), and STARS-ADHD-Adult, a 6-week trial in adults 18 and older (n = 221 enrolled). AKL-T01 was linked with improvements on the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA®) Attention Comparison Score (ACS) of 2.6 (95% CI: 2.02, 3.26; p < 0.0001) in adolescents and 6.5 in adults (95% CI: 5.35, 7.57; p < 0.0001), along with improvements in secondary endpoints. 15 participants reported adverse device effects, all mild or moderate. Though limited by a single-arm design, results provide preliminary support for the safety and efficacy of AKL-T01 for adolescents and adults with ADHD.
The kinesin-3 KIF1C undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation for accumulation of specific transcripts at the cell periphery
Authors: Geng Qi , Keya Jakia Jannat , Hotta Takashi , Verhey Kristen J
Published: June 2024

In cells, mRNAs are transported to and positioned at subcellular areas to locally regulate protein production. Recent studies have identified the kinesin-3 family member motor protein KIF1C as an RNA transporter. However, it is not clear how KIF1C interacts with RNA molecules. Here, we show that the KIF1C C-terminal tail domain contains an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) that drives liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). KIF1C forms dynamic puncta in cells that display physical properties of liquid condensates and incorporate RNA molecules in a sequence-selective manner. Endogenous KIF1C forms condensates in cellular protrusions, where mRNAs are enriched in an IDR-dependent manner. Purified KIF1C tail constructs undergo LLPS in vitro at near-endogenous nM concentrations and in the absence of crowding agents and can directly recruit RNA molecules. Overall, our work uncovers an intrinsic correlation between the LLPS activity of KIF1C and its role in mRNA positioning. In addition, the LLPS activity of KIF1C’s tail represents a new mode of motor-cargo interaction that extends our current understanding of cytoskeletal motor proteins.
The association between irregularity in sleep-wake rhythm and CPAP adherence
Authors: Honma Aya , Nohara Marina , Honma Sato , Homma Akihiro
Published: June 2024

This study aims to evaluate the association between sleep-wake rhythm regularity and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence. We retrospectively analyzed sleep-wake rhythms with activity monitoring and CPAP adherence among obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients newly diagnosed and introduced to CPAP therapy at the Sapporo Hanazono Hospital from January 2018 to June 2022. Among a total of 45 patients, 10 withdrew from CPAP therapy within a year. Nineteen were classified into the good-adherence and 16 into the poor-adherence group. No significant differences were detected among the groups in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), sleep efficiency, or subjective sleep quality, but a difference was observed in sleep latency, with the CPAP withdrawal group showing higher variability in sleep onset and lower regularity and/or amplitude in circadian behavior activity rhythm than the good-adherence group. Our results suggest that irregularities, particularly in sleep onset, and damped sleep-wake rhythm can be risk factors for CPAP withdrawal.
Elucidating tribochemical reaction mechanisms: insights into tribofilm formation from hydrocarbon adsorbates coupled with tribochemical substrate wear
Authors: Li Yu-Sheng , Bhuiyan Fakhrul H. , Lee Jongcheol , Martini Ashlie , Kim Seong H.
Published: June 2024

The molecules with higher tribochemical reactivity exhibited smaller activation volume, implying that less mechanical energy was required to initiate tribochemical reactions.
Acid–base reaction-based dispersive solid phase extraction of favipiravir using biotin from biological samples prior to capillary electrophoresis analysis
Authors: Safari Elnaz , Seyfinejad Behrouz , Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza , Nemati Mahboob
Published: June 2024

An acid–base reaction-based dispersive solid-phase extraction method was developed for the extraction of favipiravir from deionized water, plasma and urine samples prior to its determination using a capillary electrophoresis-diode array detector.
Vertically aligned boron-doped diamond nanostructures as highly efficient electrodes for electrochemical supercapacitors
Authors: Suman Shradha , Sharma Dhananjay Kumar , Szabo Ondrej , Rakesh Benadict , Marton Marian , Vojs Marian , Vincze Andrej , Dutta Soumya Prakash , Balaji Umapathi , Debasish Debidutta , Sakthivel Ramasamy , Sankaran Kamatchi Jothiramalingam , Kromka Alexander
Published: June 2024

Nanostructuring boron-doped diamond effectively improves the electrochemical supercapacitor performance with high lifetime stability.
A ferrocene-based chemo-dosimeter for colorimetric and electrochemical detection of cyanide and its estimation in cassava flour
Authors: Dharaniprabha V. , Kalavathi A. , Satheeshkumar K. , Elango Kuppanagounder P.
Published: June 2024

A simple ferrocene-based chemo-dosimeter was developed to selectively sense CN− in an aqueous solution colourimetrically and electrochemically, and served as a simple tool to determine cyanide content in cassava flour.
Fluorescence imaging-guided surgery: current status and future directions
Authors: Ullah Zia , Roy Shubham , Muhammad Saz , Yu Chen , Huang Haiyan , Chen Dongxiang , Long Haodong , Yang Xiulan , Du Xuelian , Guo Bing
Published: June 2024

Illustrative representation of applications of fluorescence imaging-guided surgery in different types of cancers by utilizing different fluorescent probes.
Reduction of NOx on metal-free hydrogenated hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Payne Anthony J. R. , Xavier Neubi F. , Sacchi Marco
Published: June 2024

This computational study investigates the potential of functionalised defects in hexagonal boron nitride for catalytic NOx removal in combustion engines, highlighting the promising role of 2D materials in sustainable environmental applications.
Aluminum intercalation behaviours of {[Fe(Tp)(CN)3]2[M(H2O)2]} cyanido-bridged chain compounds in an ionic liquid electrolyte
Authors: Li Na , Li Yanling , von Bardeleben Hans Jurgen , Dambournet Damien , Lescouëzec Rodrigue
Published: June 2024

One-dimensional counterparts of Prussian Blue Analogues (PBAs) as aluminum intercalation compounds in [EMIm]Cl–AlCl3 ionic liquid electrolyte: limitation and prospects.
An efficient rare-earth free deep red-emitting GdGeSbO6:Mn4+ phosphor for white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Liu Yujia , Li Zhongfa , Zhang Wenjun , Yan Xinyue , Guo Peng , Yan Jiayi
Published: June 2024

An excellent Mn4+-activated GdGeSbO6:0.3%Mn4+ red phosphor was synthesized. A warm WLED and a full-spectrum WLED with commendable luminescence performance were fabricated using the GdGeSbO6:0.3%Mn4+ phosphor.
Homoleptic ruthenium(ii) complexes bearing imidazol(in)ium-2-dithiocarboxylate ligands: synthesis, characterization, and redox properties
Authors: Carvalho Valdemiro P. , Zaragoza Guillermo , Delaude Lionel
Published: June 2024

Five homoleptic ruthenium(ii) chelates with the generic formula [Ru(S2C·NHC)3](PF6)2 were synthesized and fully characterized. Their redox properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. They displayed a remarkable stability in solution.
Biotransformation of camu–camu galloylated ellagitannins by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum with extracellular tannase activity
Authors: Pulido-Mateos Elena C. , Lessard-Lord Jacob , Desjardins Yves , Roy Denis
Published: June 2024

Some Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains produce an extracellular tannase that converts galloylated ellagitannins into ellagitannin-core structures and bioactive phenolic metabolites, thereby promoting the health effects of these polyphenols.
Thin multifunctional coatings for textiles based on the layer-by-layer application of polyaromatic hybrid nanoparticles
Authors: Babaeipour Sahar , Nousiainen Paula , Kimiaei Erfan , Tienaho Jenni , Kohlhuber Nadine , Korpinen Risto , Kaipanen Kalle , Österberg Monika
Published: June 2024

Multifunctional textile coatings were developed using biobased nanoparticles from lignin and fatty acids, achieving significant water repellency, breathability, UV-shielding, and antibacterial properties, while remaining eco-friendly and durable.
Fatigue crack-based strain sensors achieving flow detection and motion monitoring for reconnaissance robot applications
Authors: Wu Xu-Ping , Luo Xue-Mei , Chen Hong-Lei , Man Yi , Bai Yao-Yao , Qin Tian-Ze , Zhang Bin , Zhang Guang-Ping
Published: June 2024

A new strategy based on an ultra-large cumulative pre-strain is proposed to fabricate flexible strain sensors with both high sensitivity and high cyclic stability, which achieve flow detection and motion monitoring for reconnaissance robots.
Reactivity-matched synthesis of monodisperse Ag(In,Ga)S2 QDs with efficient luminescence
Authors: Wei Naiwei , Zhu Hong , Yan Danni , Yang Shuai , Xu Lili , Zhang Shengli , Dong Yuhui , Zou Yousheng , Zeng Haibo
Published: June 2024

We present a method of preparing highly efficient monodisperse Ag(In,Ga)S2, which suppresses the activity mismatch of multiple elements by using InI3. The PLQY value reaches 90% at 530 nm with an optimum FWHM of 31 nm by cladding the shell layer.
Mechanical reinforcement from two-dimensional nanofillers: model, bulk and hybrid polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Dong Ming , Sun Yiwei , Dunstan David J. , Young Robert J. , Papageorgiou Dimitrios G.
Published: June 2024

This review explores recent advances in the mechanical reinforcement of polymer nanocomposites using 2D nanofillers, focusing on the mechanisms of reinforcement, evaluation of model and bulk nanocomposites, and the effects of hybrid filler combinations.
One-pot formal [3 + 2] annulation of 2-pyridinyl-substituted p-quinone methides and arynes for the synthesis of 3-aryl pyrido[1,2-a]indoles
Authors: Li Mengfan , Chen Yan , Tang Hao , Cheng Wen , Liao Benren , Wang Qingwei , Yi Weiyin
Published: June 2024

We report a formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition for constructing 3-aryl pyrido[1,2-a]indoles from aryne intermediates and 2-pyridinyl-substituted p-QMs under ambient conditions.
Manipulating photon absorption and trap energy supply for multimode dynamic anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Li Huimin , Pang Ran , Li Da , Jiang Lihong , Zhang Su , Zhang Hongjie
Published: June 2024

Manipulating photon absorption and trap energy supply ensures the adjustable luminescence intensity of colored sample, and ultimately achieve dynamic anti-counterfeiting modes dependent on wavelength, time and space.
Efficient electrochemical coupling of nitrate and biomass-derived acetone to acetoxime at a high current density over a Zn/Cu hexagonal nanosheet catalyst
Authors: Shao Jiang , Zhang Yi-Fei , Xue Sheng-Zhi , Li Zi-Yuan , Li Xin , Liang Bin , Li Ting-Zhou , Dong Hao , Zhang Ya-Wen
Published: June 2024

Efficient electrosynthesis of acetoxime from nitrate and acetone at a high current density over a novel Zn/Cu hexagonal nanosheet electrocatalyst.
A novel Ag-loaded 4 Å zeolite as an efficient catalyst for epoxidation of styrene
Authors: Wang Junzhong , Zhang Qiancheng , Li Ying , Xu Tong , Sun Yinghui , Bai Jie
Published: June 2024

a novel Ag-loaded 4 Å zeolite synthesized through ultrasound and electrostatic field showed high selectivity (94%) and conversion (98%) for the epoxidation of styrene and was reused more than fifteen times with the performance remaining unchanged.
Recent advances on anticancer and antimicrobial activities of directly-fluorinated five-membered heterocycles and their benzo-fused systems
Authors: Abbas Ashraf A. , Farghaly Thoraya A. , Dawood Kamal M.
Published: June 2024

The fluorinated heterocycles are main components of 20% of the anticancer and antibiotic drugs, this review describes the reported anticancer and antimicrobial activities of the fluorinated five-membered heterocycles and their benzo-fused systems.
Improved synthesis and polymerase recognition of 7-deaza-7-modified α-l-threofuranosyl guanosine analogs
Authors: Barpuzary Bhawna , Negria Sergey , Chaput John C.
Published: June 2024

Threofuranosyl nucleic acid (TNA), an artificial genetic polymer known for its nuclease resistance and acid stability, has grown in popularity as a genetically-encoded material for applications in synthetic biology and biomedicine.
Perovskite-based electrochemiluminescence analysis of H2O2
Authors: Jia Ziyi , Zhang Hui , Chen Yuxin , Fang Yuan , Zhang Junnan , Hu Shanwen
Published: June 2024

The detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) represents an extensive requirement across various domains, including food, environmental, and medical fields.
Crystalline organic monoliths with bicontinuous porosity
Authors: Matsumoto Naoto , Nakagawa Sakura , Morisato Kei , Kanamori Kazuyoshi , Nakanishi Kazuki , Yanai Nobuhiro
Published: June 2024

Crystalline organic monoliths (COMs) are a novel class of monolithic materials with a bicontinuous porous structure composed of photo-functional molecular crystals.
Spontaneous ligand loss by soft landed [Ni(bpy)3]2+ ions on perfluorinated self-assembled monolayer surfaces
Authors: Samayoa-Oviedo Hugo Y. , Knorke Harald , Warneke Jonas , Laskin Julia
Published: June 2024

[Ni(bpy)3]2+ soft landed on surfaces dissociates spontaneously. Codeposition of stable anions with cations enables preservation of the structure of [Ni(bpy)3]2+.
A robust Fe-based heterogeneous photocatalyst for the visible-light-mediated selective reduction of an impure CO2 stream
Authors: Ghosh Topi , Ren Peng , Franck Philippe , Tang Min , Jaworski Aleksander , Barcaro Giovanni , Monti Susanna , Chouhan Lata , Rabeah Jabor , Skorynina Alina , Silvestre-Albero Joaquin , Simonelli Laura , Rokicińska Anna , Debroye Elke , Kuśtrowski Piotr , Bals Sara , Das Shoubhik
Published: June 2024

The transformation of CO2 into value-added products from an impure CO2 stream, such as flue gas or exhaust gas, directly contributes to the principle of carbon capture and utilization (CCU).
Total synthesis, biological evaluation and biosynthetic re-evaluation of Illicium-derived neolignans
Authors: Arnold Robert E. , Saska Jan , Mesquita-Ribeiro Raquel , Dajas-Bailador Federico , Taylor Laurence , Lewis William , Argent Stephen , Shao Huiling , Houk Kendall N. , Denton Ross M.
Published: June 2024

We report the total synthesis of seven Illicium-derived neolignans along with experimental evidence which unites homooligomers and apparent heterooligomers under a new biosynthesis proposal that features a single common precursor.
Autonomous engulfment of active colloids by giant lipid vesicles
Authors: Fessler Florent , Wittmann Martin , Simmchen Juliane , Stocco Antonio
Published: June 2024

Active Janus colloids fuelled by glucose and light are able to target lipid vesicles and get fully engulfed by the vesicle membrane.
Water-triggered self-healing and reversible underwater adhesion in metalorganic polymers
Authors: Kaymazlar Elif , Andac Omer , Garcia Santiago J.
Published: June 2024

Metallopolymer-based solid-adhesives able to reversibly adhere to hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces and to heal in water are presented. The role of Zn, Fe and Ni coordination and water on healing, recycling and underwater adhesion is discussed.
Coupling homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis for the efficient and selective activation of H2O2
Authors: Yan JiaWei , Wei Siyuan , Lin Yalan , Zhu Yanfei , Zhong Zhiwu , Zheng Yanting , Zhuang Zanyong , Yu Yan
Published: June 2024

This work reveals the synergy between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis for the efficient and selective H2O2 activation, realizing excellent AOPs with very low Fe2+ input, enhanced selectivity, and potential large-scale applications.
Regulating catalytic kinetics in nanoclimbing-wall-like NiO/NiCoP hybrids for enhanced overall water splitting
Authors: Wang Xiuwen , Yu Lan , Lv Chunmei , Xie Ying , Jiao Yanqing , Xin Wen , Xu Tengfei , Su Tingting , Yang Libin
Published: June 2024

The HER, OER, and water electrolysis properties in an alkaline medium and the corresponding mechanism of nanoclimbing-wall-like NiO/NiCoP are revealed by the electrochemical tests, in situ Raman spectroscopy, and DFT calculation.
In situ growth of an active catalytic layer on commercial stainless steel via a hydrothermal-assisted corrosion process for efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Xia Jiuyang , Zhang Jianghong , Huang Kang , Zhang Bowei , Wu Fei , Liang Yu , Lu Shuai , Huang Yizhong , Wu Junsheng
Published: June 2024

Schematic diagrams of the preparation process of corrosion electrodes and the formation mechanism.
Nickel-doped lithium-vacant layered LiyCr1−xNixO2: a potentially active electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Soni Vaishali , Jaiswal Shraddha , Nigam Krishna Gopal , Singh Preetam , Gupta Asha
Published: June 2024

Ni-doping in layered LiyCr1−xNixO2 seems to be an effective technique to develop superior OER catalysts through an inductive effect of neighboring Cr–O and Ni–O bonds along with the partial Li-vacancy and cation mixing.
Inhibition of sodium dendrites by solvent structural reorganization for non-flammable high-performance sodium-metal batteries
Authors: You JiYuan , Zhang Bo , Li Tianle , Li Yuqian , Wang Wenju
Published: June 2024

High stability and non-flammable SMBs are achieved by adding BSTFA toTEP solvent. Dendrimer observations and solvation structure calculations of the cell by in situ optical microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations.
Micropatterned shape-memory polymer substrate containing hydrogen bonds creates a long-term dynamic microenvironment for regulating nerve-cell fate
Authors: Wang Yilei , Liu Hao , Wang Huan , Xie Hui , Zhou Shaobing
Published: June 2024

In this work, a shape-memory polymer substrate containing hydrogen bonds creates a long-term dynamic microenvironment, which could promote the alignment, differentiation, and maturity of PC12 cells.
Tailoring thermal expansion and luminescence thermometric performance of KMgScW3O12-based compounds
Authors: Li Ming , Miao Qi , Zhao Kaiyue , Cun Yangke , Qiao Yongqiang , Guo Juan , Li Li , Gao Qilong
Published: June 2024

Negative thermal expansion compounds provide an opportunity to understand the nature of thermal expansion and engineering applications of inorganic solid functional materials. This work gives a suitable case to investigate the relationship between thermal expansion and luminescence thermal behavior.
Integrated H2O2 self-supplying PLGA@CQDs–CuPox nanoparticles enabling accumulation of copper during the Fenton reaction
Authors: Qi Bairui , Wu Wenfang , Wang Ziyi , Liu Gengyan , Li Zhou , Xiao Zhu
Published: June 2024

Chemodynamic therapy is an emerging therapeutic modality that utilizes the Fenton reaction for the production of reactive oxygen species to selectively target and kill cancer cells.
Novel indacene-1,3,5,7-tetraone-based polymerized small molecular acceptors for efficient all-polymer solar cells
Authors: Jia Jianchao , Meng Yongdie , Xiao Biao , Zeng Wei , Xiao Manjun , Yang Chuluo
Published: June 2024

Novel indacene-1,3,5,7-tetraone-based polymerized small molecular acceptors were designed to enable efficient binary and ternary all-PSCs.
Chiral mesostructured In2O3 films twisted along different crystal orientations
Authors: Ji Ting , Chen Hao , Ai Jing , Han Lu , Qu Zhibei , Che Shunai , Duan Yingying
Published: June 2024

Chiral mesostructured In2O3 films composed of nanoflakes with different exposed facets exhibit spin chiral anisotropy, which manifests as chirality-dependent but external magnetic field-independent asymmetric magnetic circular dichroism signals.
An eco-friendly luminescent solar concentrator with high photon transport efficiency based on Bi-doped Cs2Na0.6Ag0.4InCl6 quantum dots
Authors: Li Shaohua , Zhang Yi , Song Zihan , Zheng Zida , Zhang Xiaowei , Liu Xueyun
Published: June 2024

A transparent luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) with a high internal quantum efficiency of up to 34.42% has been achieved by incorporating orange-emitting Bi-doped Cs2Na0.6Ag0.4InCl6 quantum dots into the polydimethylsiloxane polymer (PDMS).
How important is it to update the existing environmental quality standard for nickel? An example based on the UK
Authors: Peters Adam , Merrington Graham , Middleton Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

Updated information about nickel ecotoxicity and bioavailability has been used to evaluate whether the EQS for nickel should be revised.
A Polynesian-specific SLC22A3 variant associates with low plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations independent of apo(a) isoform size in males
Authors: Wang Qian , McCormick Sally , Leask Megan P. , Watson Huti , O'Sullivan Conor , Krebs Jeremy D. , Hall Rosemary , Whitfield Patricia , Merry Troy L. , Murphy Rinki , Shepherd Peter R.
Published: June 2024

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-like particle in which the apolipoprotein B component is covalently linked to apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)). Lp(a) is a well-established independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Plasma Lp(a) concentrations vary enormously between individuals and ethnic groups. Several nucleotide polymorphisms in the SLC22A3 gene associate with Lp(a) concentration in people of different ethnicities. We investigated the association of a Polynesian-specific (Māori and Pacific peoples) SLC22A3 gene coding variant p.Thr44Met) with the plasma concentration of Lp(a) in a cohort of 302 healthy Polynesian males. An apo(a)-size independent assay assessed plasma Lp(a) concentrations; all other lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations were measured using standard laboratory techniques. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine apo(a) isoforms. The range of metabolic (HbA1c, blood pressure, and blood lipids) and blood lipid variables were similar between the non-carriers and carriers in age, ethnicity and BMI adjusted models. However, rs8187715 SLC22A3 variant was significantly associated with lower Lp(a) concentrations. Median Lp(a) concentration was 10.60 nmol/L (IQR: 5.40–41.00) in non-carrier group, and was 7.60 nmol/L (IQR: 5.50–12.10) in variant carrier group (P<0.05). Lp(a) concentration inversely correlated with apo(a) isoform size. After correction for apo(a) isoform size, metabolic parameters and ethnicity, the association between the SLC22A3 variant and plasma Lp(a) concentration remained. The present study is the first to identify the association of this gene variant and low plasma Lp(a) concentrations. This provides evidence for better guidance on ethnic specific cut-offs when defining ‘elevated’ and ‘normal’ plasma Lp(a) concentrations in clinical applications.
Just Keep Spinning? The Impact of Auditory and Somatosensory Cues on Rotary Chair Testing
Authors: Seidl Natalie , Newell Melissa , Francis Alexander L.
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to determine whether providing realistic auditory or somatosensory cues to spatial location would affect measures of vestibulo-ocular reflex gain in a rotary chair testing (RCT) context.

Method:

This was a fully within-subject design. Thirty young adults age 18–30 years (16 men, 14 women by self-identification) completed sinusoidal harmonic acceleration testing in a rotary chair under five different conditions, each at three rotational frequencies (0.01, 0.08, and 0.32 Hz). We recorded gain as the ratio of the amplitude of eye movement to chair movement using standard clinical procedures. The five conditions consisted of two without spatial information (silence, tasking via headphones) and three with either auditory (refrigerator sound, tasking via speaker) or somatosensory (fan) information. Two of the conditions also included mental tasking (tasking via headphones, tasking via speaker) and differed only in terms of the spatial localizability of the verbal instructions. We used linear mixed-effects modeling to compare pairs of conditions, specifically examining the effects of the availability of spatial cues in the environment. This study was preregistered on Open Science Framework (
https://osf.io/2gqcf/
).

Results:

Results showed significant effects of frequency in all conditions (
p
< .05), but the only pairs of conditions that were significantly different were those including tasking in one condition but not the other (e.g., tasking via headphones vs. silence). Post hoc equivalence testing showed that the lack of significance in the other comparisons could be confirmed as not meaningfully different.

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that the presence of externally localizable sensory information, whether auditory or somatosensory, does not affect measures of gain in RCT to any relevant degree. However, these findings also contribute to the increasing body of evidence suggesting that mental engagement (“tasking”) does increase gain whether or not it is provided via localizable instructions.
Host galaxy of low-luminosity compact sources
Authors: Vietri A. , Berton M. , Järvelä E. , Kunert-Bajraszewska M. , Ciroi S. , Varglund I. , Dalla Barba B. , Sani E. , Crepaldi L.
Published: June 2024

The term ‘active galactic nuclei’ (AGN) is applied to a huge variety of objects, classified on the basis of their properties at different wavelengths. Peaked sources (PSs) represent a class of AGN at the first stage of evolution, characterised by a peaked radio spectrum. Among these radio sources, low-luminosity compact (LLC) sources can be identified as PSs accreting with a high Eddington rate, harbouring low-power jets, and hosting low-mass black holes. These properties are also shared by narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s). In 2016, LLCs were hypothesised to be the parent population of NLS1s with a flat radio spectrum (F-NLS1s), suggesting that the former may be the same objects as the latter but, instead, seen at a higher inclination. Based on radio luminosity functions and optical spectra analysis, ten LLCs were identified as valid F-NLS1s candidates. To account for the missing piece to the puzzle and verifying whether these LLCs could be hosted in late-type galaxies as NLS1s, we performed a photometric decomposition of their Pan-STARRS1 images in all five filters. We used the 2D fitting algorithm GALFIT for the single-band analysis and its extension GALFITM for the multi-band analysis. Considering that the morphological type and the structural parameters of the host may be dependent on the wavelength, we found six out of ten LLCs hosted in late-type galaxies, probably with pseudo-bulges, along with three point-like sources and one object of an uncertain classification. Although this study is based on a small sample, it represents the first morphological analysis of LLC host galaxies. These results confirm the trend observed in NLS1s, indicating late-type and disc-like host galaxies for LLCs and supporting the validity of the parent population scenario.
The strength of outgassed porous dust aggregates
Authors: Kreuzig C. , Bischoff D. , Meier G. , Kargl G. , Brecher J. N. , Goldmann M. , Knoop C. , Ottersberg R. , Pommerol A. , Kovalev A. , Gorb S. N. , Gundlach B. , Blum J.
Published: June 2024

Context. Outgassing of dust-ice aggregates plays an important role on the surfaces of cometary nuclei as well as for snow-line crossings in protoplanetary disks.

Aims. To assess the stability of desiccated dust aggregates, we measured the tensile strength of silica dust samples over a wide range of volume filling factors.

Methods. We produced these silica dust samples over a wide range of volume filling factors by gently evaporating dust-ice mixtures with various dust-to-ice mass ratios under vacuum conditions. The tensile strengths of these samples were then measured using the standardized Brazilian disk test. Experiments were performed in a vacuum and at room temperature but were also compared to measurements in air at room temperature and in a vacuum at elevated temperatures.

Results. For spherical amorphous silica dust, we find no influence of the environmental conditions (air, vacuum, or heating) on the measured tensile strength. However, for angular crystalline silica dust we see a strong increase in tensile strength in a vacuum compared to air and an even higher increase when the samples are heated in a vacuum. For the spherical silica dust samples, we find a characteristic increase in the tensile strength with decreasing particle size. The tensile strength of samples with identical particle sizes increases strongly with an increasing volume filling factor. Extrapolation of our data to a volume filling factor of 0.1 (90% porosity) shows that a tensile strength as low as 1 Pa can be reached.

Conclusions. Numerical simulations show that evaporating water ice in the subsurface layers of comets can reach gas pressures of ~1 Pa. Thus, a desiccated dust layer with a 10% volume filling factor should be detachable and released into the cometary coma. Using a relation between the tensile strength and the critical fragmentation energy, we predict the break-up speed of dust aggregates in mutual collisions as a function of the volume filling factor. Furthermore, we discuss the susceptibility of the aggregates to ram pressure. These values are relevant for protoplanetary disk research and for meteoroids entering planetary atmospheres.
Three new Galactic globular cluster candidates: FSR1700, Teutsch67, and CWNU4193
Authors: Saroon S. , Dias B. , Minniti D. , Parisi M. C. , Gómez M. , Alonso-García J.
Published: June 2024

The VISTA Variables in the Via Láctea Extended Survey (VVVX) enables exploration of previously uncharted territories within the inner Milky Way (MW), particularly those obscured by stellar crowding and intense extinction. Our objective is to identify and investigate new star clusters to elucidate their intrinsic characteristics. Specifically, we are focused on uncovering new candidate globular clusters (GCs) situated at low Galactic latitudes, with the ultimate goal of completing the census of the MW GC system. Leveraging a combination of near-infrared (NIR) data from the VVVX survey and Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), along with optical photometry and precise proper motions (PMs) from the Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3), we are conducting a systematic characterisation of new GCs. As a result, we report the discovery and characterisation of four new Galactic clusters named FSR 1700, FSR 1415, CWNU 4193, and Teutsch 67, all located within the MW disc. We estimate a wide range of reddening, with values ranging from 0.44 to 0.73 mag for E(J − Ks). The heliocentric distances span from 10.3 to 13.2 kpc. Additionally, we determine their metallicities and ages, finding a range of −0.85 to −0.75 dex for [Fe/H] and ages approximately close to 11 Gyr, respectively. FSR 1415 is an exception; it is an old open cluster with an age of 3 Gyr and [Fe/H] of −0.10. Furthermore, we fitted the radial density profiles to derive their structural parameters like the tidal radius, core radius, and concentration parameters. In conclusion, based on their positions, kinematics, metallicities, and ages, and comparing our findings with existing literature, we categorise FSR 1700, Teutsch 67, and CWNU 4193 as genuine GC candidates, while FSR 1415 is an old open cluster exhibiting characteristics of a post-core-collapse cluster.
Exploiting locality in sparse polynomial approximation of parametric elliptic PDEs and application to parameterized domains
Authors: van Harten Wouter Gerrit , Scarabosio Laura
Published: June 2024

This work studies how the choice of the representation for parametric, spatially distributed inputs to elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) affects the efficiency of a polynomial surrogate, based on Taylor expansion, for the parameter-to-solution map. In particular, we show potential advantages of representations using functions with localized supports. As model problem, we consider the steady-state diffusion equation, where the diffusion coefficient and right-hand side depend smoothly but potentially in ahighly nonlinearway on a parametery∈[−1, 1]N. Following previous work for affine parameter dependence and for the lognormal case, we use pointwise instead of norm-wise bounds to proveℓp-summability of the Taylor coefficients of the solution. As application, we consider surrogates for solutions to elliptic PDEs on parametric domains. Using a mapping to a nominal configuration, this case fits in the general framework, and higher convergence rates can be attained when modeling the parametric boundaryviaspatially localized functions. The theoretical results are supported by numerical experiments for the parametric domain problem, illustrating the efficiency of the proposed approach and providing further insight on numerical aspects. Although the methods and ideas are carried out for the steady-state diffusion equation, they extend easily to other elliptic and parabolic PDEs.
Clinical Decision Support Tool to Promote Adoption of New Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia Guidelines
Authors: An Lucia , Lukac Paul J. , Kulkarni Deepa
Published: June 2024

Objective This study aimed to increase the adoption of revised newborn hyperbilirubinemia guidelines by building a clinical decision support (CDS) tool into templated notes.

Methods We created a rule-based CDS tool that correctly populates the phototherapy threshold from more than 2,700 possible values directly into the note and guides clinicians to an appropriate follow-up plan consistent with the new recommendations. We manually reviewed notes before and after CDS tool implementation to evaluate new guidelines adherence, and surveys were used to assess clinicians' perceptions.

Results Postintervention documentation showed a decrease in old risk stratification methods (48 to 0.4%, p < 0.01) and an increase in new phototherapy threshold usage (39 to 95%, p < 0.01) and inclusion of follow-up guidance (28 to 79%, p < 0.01). Survey responses on workflow efficiency and satisfaction did not significantly change after CDS tool implementation.

Conclusion Our study details an innovative CDS tool that contributed to increased adoption of newly revised guidelines after the addition of this tool to templated notes.
Monocyte Subsets in Cardiovascular Disease: A Biomarker Perspective
Authors: Hristov Michael , Weber Christian
Published: June 2024

Endothelial dysfunctions together with a dysregulated immune response and lipid accumulation are important confounding factors in the onset and chronic development of atherosclerosis. Recently, a large body of data has emerged on the sequential involvement of different immune cell types, including monocytes, in the pathology of this disease. In this condensed review, we aim to highlight some of the recent basic research and clinical findings on monocyte subsets published since our joint European Society of Cardiology consensus document, and re-evaluate their potential relevance as surrogate biomarkers in coronary artery disease.