bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The necropolis of the Casa Romana do Castro de São Domingos (Lousada, Portugal): a funerary space from the Early Middle Ages
Authors: Pinho Lemos Paulo André , Nunes Manuel , Magalhães Bruno M.
Published: December 2024

Between 2017 and 2021 seventeen graves were identified in the context of the research project ‘Excavation, study, and musealization of the Casa Romana do Castro de São Domingos’ (Lousada, Portugal). Human bones were absent in all the fourteen graves excavated, most likely due to the acidity of the granitic soil, although the tombs length had shown that at least two were built for the burial of non-adult individuals. Only a bronze buckle was recovered as a grave good which may be related to the violation of most of the tombs, but mainly to the presence of a community with few economic resources. The funerary architecture showed three different types of graves, showing a possible older and central area from where the burial ground grew. The proximity of roads is sometimes the main condition for the location of a burial ground and not necessarily the edification of a religious temple. The comparison with the funerary architecture of other Portuguese burial grounds shows that the cemetery of the Casa Romana do Castro de São Domingos may have been in use between the Late Antiquity and the High Middle Ages.
Contribution to the Petrographic Study of the Geological
Formations of the Mbanga Sector and its Headwaters in the Tshela
Territory (Central Kongo, DRC)
Authors: Munene Djonive , Matamba Jibikila Raphael , Etshekodi Joël Lohad , Nsieto Ravely Lusakueno , Kasongo Kanyinda Hugues , Kalemba Ngungi Emmanuel , Katakanga N’kembo Audrey , Palata Kadjeng Raphael , Ekoko Bolua Mpenge Vanshok , Mbumbu Luswamu Gertrude
Published: December 2024

In order to fill the glaring gaps in the geological data
for the Mbanga region and surrounding area, in the Province of
Kongo-Central in DR Congo, geological investigations were carried
out in the field over a three-week period. The results obtained,
coupled with those from the laboratory, led to the identification
of eight different lithofacies in the study area, namely:
metaryolites, sericite schists and biotitose schists, all with
grey to greenish grey facies. This work consists of a detailed
petrographic study to identify the different facies of the West
Congo Supergroup belonging to the Mayumbian Group and the Zadinian
Group. The geology of the Mbanga sector and its surroundings is
made up of metamorphic layers of volcanic and sedimentary origin.
The various rock formations in our study area are grouped into two
West Congo Supergroup groups; the metarhyolite formation belongs
to the Tshela/Seke-Banza Group (Mayumbian) and the others belong
to the Matadi Group (Zadinian).
Más que un destino
Authors: Ardoy Segarra Marta
Published: December 2024

Este artículo presenta la educación como un viaje transformador, donde cada etapa del aprendizaje es crucial para el desarrollo personal y colectivo. A través de la metáfora del viaje, se exploran conceptos como el diálogo igualitario, la inteligencia cultural, la creación de sentido y la solidaridad. Se destaca la importancia de la colaboración y el respeto por la diversidad cultural, argumentando que el verdadero aprendizaje se encuentra no solo en la adquisición de conocimientos, sino en las experiencias compartidas. El trabajo subraya la necesidad de crear comunidades educativas inclusivas, donde el diálogo y la solidaridad sean fundamentales para el crecimiento mutuo.
relations de la pratique communicationnelle à la recherche
Authors: Abid-Dalençon Ambre
Published: December 2024

Nous proposons d’étudier les liens entre pratique communicationnelle et recherche, d’abord en évoquant le cas de la sémiotique publicitaire qui s’est développée dans les années 1960. Nous illustrons ensuite ces relations riches et complexes à travers le terrain de la presse professionnelle en marketing et communication. La presse professionnelle est un observatoire de prédilection pour approcher l’histoire, les évolutions, les mouvements et les trajectoires, les acteurs et les figures, les débats et les enjeux d’une profession. Cette étude, dont le cadre est contemporain, se fait au moyen d’un corpus de trois revues trimestrielles de l’interprofession française en communication, spécialisées sur le genre discursif et médiatique des tendances. Elles nous intéressent ici en ce qu’elles ont adopté des atours à l’intersection de la revue professionnelle et de la revue culturelle de société, ce qui a une incidence sur leur relation à la recherche. Nous déplaçons ainsi la focale en ce deuxième temps de l’article, en discutant principalement la relation de la pratique à la recherche. Nous verrons que cette dernière se fait autant réponse à un désir de savoirs et de formation, caution et instrument, que source de potentielles conflictualités.
المخاطر البيئية لظاهرة التصحر في محافظة أربيل
Authors: Othman Bahra R. , Omer Luqman W.
Published: December 2024

يستند البحث  على تصنيف وتحليل المرئيات الفضائية بهدف الكشف عن التغير في مساحات الظواهر التصحر في منطقة الدراسة ، إذ تم استخدام مرئية الأولى ملتقطة في سنة 2021 للقمر الصناعي Landsat 8 ETM وبدقة تميز مكانية 30 متر والمكونة من سبعة حزم طيفية ،  والثانية ملتقطة في سنة 2022 للقمر الصناعي Landsat 8 ETM وبدقة تميز مكانية 30 متر والمكونة من سبعة حزم طيفية . إذ تم تصميم خريطة لتلك المخاطر باستعمال طريقة وزن الطبقات باستخدام احدى وظائف برنامج نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (OVERLAY)، (تم تحويل جميع طبقات المدخلة ضمن خريطة المخاطر الى صيغة (Raster)، لغرض تحليلها وتفسيرها بصورة ادق) وأوزانها الترجيحية التي اخضعت للاختبارات إحصائية تحليلية هرمية  حسب أهمية كل طبقة باستخدام نظام (AHP Online System - AHP-OS) بناء خارطة المخاطر التصحر لمطقة الدراسة وتبين في الدراسة بان يمكن كشف العلاقات المكانية المتبادلة بين العناصر الجغرافية مع بعضها لاجل الوصول الى تصميم خرائط الوحدات الارضية والتي تعد مؤشرا لدرجات المخاطر التصحر اعتماد على ادوات التحليل في بناء الخرائط المركبة ، حيث تساعد الطبقات على تصميم أنموذج جغرافي عن المخاطر البيئية لتصحر التي تتعرض المنطقة في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية.والتباين في درجات المخاطر التصحر يعكس طبيعية المنطقة من حيث حركة واتجاه المظاهر التصحر ومدى التغير الذي حصل في اخر تغير في الغطاء النباتى والتدهور التربة ،التوسع العمراني مما يضفي عليها اثار سلبية لا تخدم الواقع الحالي اذ بلغت المناطق المتوسطة المخاطر التصحر فيها (38.720%) من مجموع مساحة محافظة  بينما بلغت المناطق الشديدة المخاطر (15.695%) من مجموع مساحة محافظة .كشف البحث عن قدرة نظم المعلومات الجغرافية في الوصول الى خارطة تتلائم مع الواقع الحالي للمخاطر البيئية لتصحر في محافظة اربيل  مما يؤكد اهمية هذه التقنيات في الوقوف على طبيعة الاثار السلبية التي تتعرض لها البيئية.
När sjukt blir friskt och friskt sjukt. Pooneh Rohis Hölje och sjukdomsbegreppets innebörd
Authors: Pettersson Cecilia
Published: December 2024

This article discusses how different notions of illness are portrayed in the Swedish-Iranian author Pooneh Rohi’s novel Hölje (2021). It notes the tendency to diagnose the main character, Mona, with postpartum psychosis, as discernible in the reception, but questions its suitability as a fruitful perspective for approaching the novel and the experience expressed here. Instead, a phenomenological perspective is established, focusing on how illness is perceived by the sufferer herself and what knowledge about the self, other people, and the world becomes possible to obtain in this way. Through this perspective, it becomes clear that the concepts of illness and health are given new meanings and connotations in the novel, as they are associated with the concepts of falseness and authenticity in a new and unconventional way. Thus, the novel can be read as a criticism both of biomedical science that diagnose and sort people into categories based on a medical understanding of illness, and of a broader cultural perception of what constitutes sick and healthy behaviour.
曹洞宗における血盆経信仰の受容： 新出資料『血盆経因縁　侍者比丘記』を例に [Reception of Ketsubon-kyō (Bloody Pond Sutra) in Japanese Sōtō Zen School: Insights from a Newly Discovered Manuscript]
Authors: Sobczyk Małgorzata
Published: December 2024

This paper provides new insights into the reception of Ketsubon-kyō (Bloody Pond Sutra) within the Sōtō Zen tradition, focusing on a recently-obtained anonymous manuscript titled Ketsubon-kyō Innen (Circumstances Surrounding the Emergence of Bloody Pond Sutra). Building upon previous research (Nakano Yūshin, Nakano Jūsai, Kōdate Naomi) that confirms strong associations between the Bloody Pond Sutra and Buddhist ceremonies of bestowing precepts (jukai-e), this paper argues that the manuscript contains a draft of a sermon delivered (or meant to be delivered) in two sessions to attendants of such a ceremony held at an unidentified temple – suggested by certain details to be located in Kyoto or its vicinity. Written by a person who identifies himself merely as a temple servant (jisha biku), it offers a unique synthesis of materials addressing women's impurity caused by blood and their potential for salvation. It primarily combines two texts with diverse origins: Ketsubon-kyō wage (Japanese Exposition of Bloody Pond Sutra), a lengthy commentary from 1713 by Shōyo Ganteki from the Pure Land School (Jōdoshū), and Ketsubon-kyō engi (An Account of the Origin of Bloody Pond Sutra) popularized in the late eighteenth century through woodblock-printed booklets by Shōsen-ji (previously known as Hosshō-ji), a prominent center of the Ketsubon-kyō cult within the Sōtō Zen School. With this presentation of the manuscript, this paper sheds light on the reception and interpretation of Ketsubon-kyō within the Sōtō Zen School. It demonstrates a common understanding of the role of the Bloody Pond Sutra, transcending sectarian differences to the extent of reusing exegetical materials from the Pure Land School in Zen preaching.
Prolonged post-operative hydrocodone usage due to psychotropic drug interaction
Authors: Whitt Aaron G. , Karimi Viana F. , Gaskins Jeremy T. , Renfrow Ruby E. , Roach Abbey R. , Malkani Arthur L. , Hartley Brandi , Yakkanti Madhusudhan R. , Jortani Saeed A.
Published: December 2024

Objectives

To explore pain outcomes in patients prescribed hydrocodone and psychotropic medications with or without CYP2D6 inhibition activity.

Methods

Patients hospitalized for lower/limited upper extremity injuries who were prescribed hydrocodone alongside a psychotropic medication were considered for this study (n=224). A subset of these patients (n=178) was prescribed a psychotropic medication known to inhibit CYP2D6, while the remainder (n=46) were prescribed psychotropic medications without CYP2D6 inhibition activity. Patient demographics and pain outcomes were collected by electronic health record review and interviews.

Results

Patients taking a psychotropic inhibitor of CYP2D6 exhibited longer duration of opioid use post-discharge (median 33 days [IQR 10–99]) compared with patients taking a psychotropic non-inhibitor (4 days [2–20], p<0.001). No significant differences were observed with in-hospital pain outcomes, including total dose of hydrocodone administered, duration of hydrocodone use, pain index scores, and the occurrence of common mild/moderate/severe hydrocodone side effects.

Conclusions

Patients prescribed at least one psychotropic inhibitor of CYP2D6 were more likely to continue using hydrocodone for up to 3 months following surgery. Knowledge of these critical drug-drug interactions could enhance clinical practice and improve patient outcomes. This study highlights negative post-operative pain outcomes in patients prescribed hydrocodone alongside a psychotropic inhibitor of CYP2D6. The results of this study indicate that patients taking psychotropic medications that inhibit CYP2D6 are at increased risk for prolonged hydrocodone use following orthopedic surgery.
Effect of metformin on exercise capacity in treatment naïve type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Gunaseelan Vikneswaran , Selvarajan Sandhiya , Kamalanathan Sadishkumar , Kadhiravan Tamilarasu , Venkatraman Shravan
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Exercise capacity is decreased in diabetes mellitus due to impaired insulin sensitivity, endothelial dysfunction and mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of metformin on exercise capacity in treatment naïve patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were tested for baseline insulin resistance and exercise capacity, before starting on metformin. Exercise capacity was measured by incremental exercise testing in treadmill (ZAN 600 CPET system) using modified Bruce protocol at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks following metformin therapy.

Results

A total of 33 treatment naïve type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled of which 19 patients completed the study. There was no significant change in any of the exercise capacity parameters at the end of 12 weeks of metformin. Nevertheless, there was a significant improvement in VO2/kg among those with insulin resistance as compared to those without insulin resistance.

Conclusions

Metformin monotherapy did not produce any change in exercise capacity in treatment naïve type 2 diabetes patients. However, a significant fall in exercise capacity (VO2/kg) was observed in patients without insulin resistance as compared to those with insulin resistance at the end of 12 weeks of metformin therapy.
Evaluation of gastric tolerability for long-term use of diclofenac and celecoxib in male albino rats and potential gastroprotective benefits of royal jelly: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Othman Amira A.A.
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used for pain and inflammation relief. Our study aimed to explore the ulcerogenic effect of long-term diclofenac and celecoxib administration on male albino stomachs, focusing on the possible gastroprotective effect of royal jelly administration.

Methods

Five equal groups of 50 male albino rats. The drug dosages were: diclofenac potassium (10 mg/kg/day), celecoxib (50 mg/kg/day), and RJ (300 mg/kg/day), for 4 weeks. Group 1 received no medication. Group 2 received oral diclofenac potassium. Group 3 received oral RJ plus diclofenac potassium. Group 4 received celecoxib orally. Group 4 received oral RJ plus celecoxib. When the experiment was over, rats were euthanized, blood samples were gathered, and stomachs were dissected out. Stomachs were examined for ulcer counts. Serum levels of MDA and SOD were determined. Gastric mucosa contents of MDA, SOD, PGE2, MPO, apoptotic (Bax), and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) genes were measured. Gastric tissue was also analyzed histopathologically.

Results

Long-term administration of diclofenac and celecoxib, in such dose and duration, caused each of the aforementioned parameters to significantly deteriorate, with significant improvement with RJ co-administration. Diclofenac developed severe gastric ulcers in group 2, and RJ co-administration significantly reduced the gastric mucosa damage in group 3. Celecoxib developed no gastric ulcer in both groups 4 and 5.

Conclusions

Long-term use of diclofenac in male albino rats caused severe gastric ulcers with significant gastroprotective effects of RJ. Celecoxib provides preferable GI tolerability; thus, it should be prescribed for patients at increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding requiring NSAIDs.
From sociolinguistic perception to strategic action in the study of social meaning
Authors: Thiberge Gabriel , Burnett Heather
Published: December 2024

We present a new paradigm investigating social meaning through strategic action. More precisely, we present an experimental technique (a textual role-playing game developed with the Ren’Py engine), which we view as an enrichment of the matched-guise technique (MGT). In this paradigm the explicit response scales of the MGT are substituted for strategic choices in a video game. We argue that studying social meaning experimentally through looking at its effects on participants’ actions is more interactive than the classic paradigm. We compare the results from both the video game and a more classic version of the paradigm based on scales, conducted with the same linguistic materials, and we show that researchers who use only the MGT may be missing some crucial aspects of the social meanings of the linguistic phenomena they are studying. We also argue that a paradigm based on strategic action is better equipped to study the social, political, and economic outcomes for the users of those linguistic variants, and therefore to contribute to understanding phenomena like linguistic discrimination.
Excellent catalytic performance over reduced graphene-boosted novel nanoparticles for oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil
Authors: Irshad Tasmia , Saeed Muhammad , Munir Mamoona , Kousar Rehana , Intisar Azeem , Din Muhammad Imran , Ahsan Hadia , Abid Muhammad Amin , Irfan Muhammad , Osman Sameh M.
Published: December 2024

Three new inorganic–organic hybrid nanocomposites (In–WO3@rGO, Mo–WO3@rGO, and Mn–WO4@rGO) were synthesized by hydrothermal method and applied for recoverable and efficacious ODS process of real oil. The physicochemical analysis of novel nanocatalysts was conducted by various techniques, i.e., powder X-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD and SEM analyses depicted that the nanoparticles (In–WO3, Mn–WO4, and Mo–WO3) were well embellished on the exterior of reduced GO with an amazing morphology, having a crystallite size of less than 40 nm. The catalytic activity of nanocomposites was scrutinized for real fuel (diesel and kerosene) and model fuel (DBT) using the radical initiator mechanism of the ODS pathway. Excellent efficiency can be obtained under optimized conditions using 0.1 g catalyst, 1 mL oxidant (H2O2), and100 ppm DBT at 40°C with a time duration of 180 min. Various factors such as time, DBT concentration, catalyst amount, oxidant amount, and temperature that affect catalytic activity directly or indirectly were also studied. A pseudo-first-order kinetics model was followed, and due to spontaneous reaction, a negative value of ΔG was observed with an activation energy of 6.54 kJ/mol for Mo–WO3@rGO, which is lower than that of the other two hybrids. The synthesized nanohybrids showed remarkable durability and recovery up to five times for the ODS process without significant change in proficiency.
Novel post-translational modifications in cancer
Authors: Li Dongling , Cai Qinrui , Li Li , Chen Yao , Lin Ling , Zhou Xiaoya , Lin Jianshan , Yang Fan
Published: December 2024

The increasing incidence of cancer highlights the urgency for a deeper understanding of its complex pathogenesis. Recent research has identified novel post-translational modifications (PTMs) as key contributors to cancer. This review examines the role of emerging PTMs, including lactylation, crotonylation, methacrylation, succinylation, sulfhydration, β-hydroxybutyrylation, and 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, in cancer development. We provide a comprehensive review of these novel PTMs, and their impact on proteins involved in tumor progression. Additionally, we summarize the associated enzymes, proteins, and signaling pathways, showcase the latest preclinical studies on PTMs in cancer, and offer insights into future research directions. Investigating these modifications is expected to facilitate the development of innovative and patient-centric therapies, marking a significant advancement in cancer research.
Contribuições dos estudos multimodais para as pesquisas em aquisição da linguagem
Authors: Carvalho Bezerra Cavalcante Marianne
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem por intuito apresentar um panorama dos estudos acerca da multimodalidade na linguística, com ênfase no período da aquisição da linguagem, tomando por base os trabalhos clássicos de Kendon (1988; 2009) e McNeill (1985; 1992; 2000). Nos situamos em oposição a uma concepção de primitivismos gestual e de uma proposta de continuidade estrutural entre o gesto e a fala e defendemos a inserção da criança na língua a partir de um arcabouço prosódico-gestual (FONTE; CAVALCANTE, 2016; CAVALCANTE, 2015; CAVALCANTE et al, 2016). Ilustramos a proposta com dados quantitativos e qualitativos de de uma díade mãe-bebê, ao longo de 18 meses de vida.
Da dor ao amor e no entremeio a cor: das senzalas para as carteiras universitárias
Authors: I Bohn Hilário , Hax Duro Rosa Sabrina
Published: December 2024

Falar sobre questões de raça, gênero e classe é (re)construir conceitos eminimizar barreiras que distanciam – ainda! – homens e mulheres,negros e brancos, ricos e pobres. Enquanto gênero, a mulher se vêsubjugada; enquanto raça temos a subjugação dos negros; enquantoclasse, o pobre é marginalizado. Neste trabalho trataremos daquelaque, por seu gênero e por sua cor, encontra-se, frequentemente, numaposição de desrespeito e menosprezo: a mulher negra. Passamos,primeiramente, por um breve histórico desde a colonização brasileirada construção identitária da mulher negra até os dias atuais; emseguida analisaremos dados coletados no IFRS – Câmpus Rio Grandepara averiguarmos se a jovem estudante negra busca, longe da senzalae da cama do senhor, um espaço numa sociedade que ainda a vê comoum objeto sexual.Com o histórico que temos no Brasil, sendo o nossopaís o último da América Latina a abolir a escravidão, é mais quecompreensível que homens negros e mulheres negras tenham suportepara resgatarem sua dignidade e se tornarem mais fortes por meio da educação. Por isso, uma forma de ocupar um espaço que sempreprivilegiou os brancos é ingressando na Universidade ou InstitutoFederal e a Lei de Cotas surgiu com esse intuito, o de minimizar asdiferenças. Neste estudo de caso verificamos, por meio de umquestionário, a posição das 10 estudantes negras ingressantes no IFRSCâmpus Rio Grande em 2016: se cotistas ou não e se a favor ou não dasCotas Raciais. A partir de uma análise das suas respostas pudemosperceber que a estudante negra e, principalmente, a de baixa renda,ainda não encontra forças suficientes para buscar seu empoderamentoem um espaço que é seu por direito, o qual poderá possibilitarsua saídade um contexto discriminatório por ser quem ela é.
Patrimônio cultural imaterial: uma contribuição para a memória social da cidade
Authors: Bartz de Ávila Cristiane , De Fátima Bento Ribeiro Maria , Mara Bento Ribeiro Ângela
Published: December 2024

Este texto visa refletir sobre a utilização dos espaços do MercadoPúblico e da Praça Coronel Pedro Osório, situados no centro da cidadede Pelotas, no sul do país, pela população pelotense. Este estudoevidencia tais usos no passado e no presente, e verifica quais suascontribuições para a memória social desta região. Os dois espaçoscitados são frequentados por múltiplas vozes, e teria se constituído porum território de intercâmbio cultural, conforme trabalham algunsautores. Nesse sentido, vislumbramos uma socialização de informaçõesde diversas áreas do conhecimento, tanto do erudito como do popular,que se torna visível pelos estudos sobre Políticas de Patrimônio. Paradar conta do que pretendemos, utilizamos como referencial teórico alegislação sobre o Patrimônio Imaterial, tal como a Convenção doPatrimônio Imaterial do ano de 2003, em âmbito da UNESCO, e no quese refere ao Brasil, o Decreto n. 3551 do ano 2000. Trazemos,também,autores que se dedicam a estudar questões sobre opatrimônio, a memória e as relações de poder. Assim, nossas reflexõessobre a valorização das diferentes culturas vêm ao encontro dapreocupação de mapear e preservar as expressões culturais dos gruposaté então silenciados, os seus saberes/fazeres. Em suma, acreditamosnecessárias as discussões acerca da história, da memória e davalorização do patrimônio cultural de outros povos. Reconhecendo, deantemão, que o mesmo é heterogêneo e que precisamos de políticasculturais que promovam a divulgação e o respeito para que nãoaconteça uma homogeneização forçada como foi outrora.
Texto y discurso en enseñanza primaria
Authors: Gabbiani Beatriz
Published: December 2024

El Programa vigente en Educación Primaria presenta en sufundamentación posturas sociodiscursivas y se propone enseñar textosque narran, textos que explican y textos que persuaden. Este trabajoanaliza la relación entre el programa y las prácticas docentes demaestros formados en otros paradigmas. Para ello, se analiza el propioprograma, las respuestas de maestros a un cuestionario yobservaciones de clases. Se concluye que los documentos introduceninnovaciones teóricas que entran en contradicción con propuestasrealizadas desde los mismos documentos, y que los cambios que seadvierten en las clases son superficiales y ocultan el mantenimiento deprácticas tradicionales.
Critical Review of Millennial Generation Involvement In Government: Opportunities And Challenges In Building Democracy In Indonesia
Authors: Mursito Mursito , Wijayanti Tutik , Irawan Hendri , Pradanna Satrio Alpen , Aba Akbar
Published: December 2024

The millennial generation or the young generation plays a crucial role in building democracy in Indonesia because they have great potential to influence social and political changes in the future. According to a survey conducted by the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), only 14.6% of young people are interested in the Legislative branch, and only 14.1% of young people aspire to run for regional leadership positions. Some issues faced by the young generation in government include a lack of interest in politics, limited access to political education, and the dominance of political elites in decision-making. As of now, a survey conducted by the Democracy Association has recorded the election of 20 young regional leaders and 17 young deputy regional leaders who are under 34 years old. This means that 13.7% of millennials are in positions of power, presenting both challenges and opportunities for Indonesian democracy. The research methodology employed in this article is a qualitative descriptive approach using literature study techniques, wherein the author collects relevant articles related to the research topic. This study will discuss the opportunities for the young generation to play a role in government and the challenges they face in their involvement, as they are seen as the nation's future successors capable of contributing to the development of the democratic Republic of Indonesia
Comparing surface immune markers in successful and non-viable ART pregnancies on the day of hCG measurement: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Marron Kevin , Harrity Conor
Published: December 2024

Blood lymphocyte reference ranges in non-pregnant females are established, but changes in pregnancy are less well understood. The early identification of immunological markers that could suggest an increased risk of early pregnancy loss may allow for timely intervention to improve outcomes. A lymphocytic immunophenotype provides a broad assessment of important immune parameters and potential indicators, which may be of relevance to pregnancy outcome. Comparison of immunophenotype results on the day of a positive hCG after embryo transfer between successful and failed pregnancies allows for this assessment. Baseline non-pregnant lymphocyte percentage and cell/µL profiles were established with a comprehensive panel on 93 age-matched male factor controls. Sixty-five in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) patients had an immunophenotype assessment on the day of a positive hCG, followed by further hCG tests and ultrasound monitoring as required to ultimately evaluate success (live birth) or failure (miscarriage). Thirty-one pregnancies were viable, leading to a live birth, while 34 ended in miscarriage. Total CD56, pNK, NKT, CD4 and CD8 levels were equivalent between all groups. Regardless of the outcome, B lymphocytes increased in pregnancy compared to controls. Of interest, in the later miscarriage cohort, pNK-specific CD69 was reduced (1.6 vs 5.4%, P = 0.02), while CD57+ cells were increased (45.4 vs 38.9%, P = 0.025). Corresponding changes were observed in cell/µL concentrations. Low level CD69 activation and elevated CD56dim and CD57+ NK cells were identified as markers that could potentially identify a pregnancy at risk of miscarriage, with further study needed to explore whether these changes represent cause or effect.

Lay summary

Unexplained infertility remains a difficult issue for patients and physicians alike, but despite recent diagnostic strides and innovative methods, there are no clear solutions on the horizon. Pregnancies can still occur in these challenging populations, either spontaneously or by interventions such as IVF. The early identification of various immune markers by blood sampling that may correlate with the subsequent outcome could be beneficial in identifying pregnancies at increased risk of miscarriage and perhaps allowing for timely and effective interventions.
Gimdos transplantacijos operacijų iššūkių ir rizikų apžvalga
Authors: Kolosovaitė Karolina , Bužinskienė Diana
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Uterus transplant surgery is the only treatment for restoring fertility in women with infertility due to uterine patho­logy. Uterine transplantation have progressed from animal experiments to successful human operations to now non-experimental clinical procedures used to treat infertility due to uterine pathology in women who wish to carry their newborns to term. Purpose. Taking into account the latest scientific literature, to describe the challenges and risks faced during uterus transplant surgeries and to review why these surgeries are still only a part of experimental medicine. Research material and methods. Publications were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed databases. Search keywords and their combinations: “uterus transplantation operations”, “living donor”, “ethical issues”, “complications of uterus transplant operations”. 29 articles corresponding to the topic of the work were selected and analyzed. Results. Currently, about 90 uterus transplantation operations have been performed, of which 80 were from living donors. The result of the operations is more than 46 successful births and live newborns. Of these, 24 births were premature. Currently, there are 59 living donor hysterectomies in the literature, 35 performed by laparotomy, 20 by robotic surgery, and 4 laparoscopically. The overall birth rate of newborns after uterine transplantation exceeds 80%. Conclusions. Uterus transplant surgeries redefine the possibilities of motherhood, improve women’s reproductive rights, and therefore give women who are infertile due to uterine pathology the opportunity to have a baby.
Digitalization of the territorial communities of Ukraine during the war: institutional aspects of decentralization
Authors:   SO “Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the NAS of Ukraine” 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine, Dulska I. V.
Published: December 2024

Using the example of the process of digitalization of territorial communities and local self-government bodies in Ukraine, the article builds the institutional model of their interaction with central and regional executive bodies that has developed because of a large-scale war. It is found that decentralization has strengthened the cohesion and self-organization of society at the level of micro-regions and has transformed traditionally inert and formal local governments into real subjects of power with significant powers and financial capacities, closest to people, capable of quick responding to challenges (e.g., pandemic and war), particularly in the field of digitalization, which reorients social production to higher technological modes, and social life to forms of its organization more in line with EU approaches to local self-government (democracy, transparency, inclusiveness). In the context of war, decentralization has been objectively slowed down, and its development has been largely based on the mobilization model, with executive authorities playing a leading role in almost all processes of territorial communities, not only in defense-related issues. However, many territorial communities are proactive, cooperate with other communities, businesses, and foreign partners, and are sufficiently institutionally and financially capable of solving problems, including digitalization, so they do not need intermediaries, external management, or duplication of functions, while bureaucratized central and regional executive authorities should mainly be responsible for national-level tasks. At the same time, there are passive territorial communities that do need external assistance from executive bodies at various levels. It is emphasized that central executive bodies in the field of digitalization should adjust their approaches to statistical monitoring of digital transformation so that the focus is on the level of basic-level administrative-territorial units. The Digital Transformation Index of the Regions of Ukraine of the Ministry of Digital Transformation, as well as surveys, do not perform the functions of a digital scoreboard inherent in the EU Digital Economy and Society Index, where information is presented in index and absolute terms, and this needs to be corrected. The author proposes a flexible model of interaction between digitalization stakeholders that takes into account the situation in specific territorial communities.
Advocating for the devil, or the positive social effects of the forced transition to distance learning format in Ukrainian higher education
Authors:   The School of Sociology V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine, Boiko D. M. , Patterson K. Yu. ,   The School of Sociology V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine, Tupota O. O. ,   The School of Sociology V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

This article explores the potential and actual positive social effects of the forced transition to distance learning in Ukrainian higher education institutions, particularly those in frontline regions during 2022–2024. While the transition is often viewed negatively, this study aims to present the other side, focusing on the benefits at three levels: everyday life of participants, institutional, and societal. This study is part of the project “Social Effects and Challenges of Distance Learning in the Higher Education of Ukraine: from COVID-19 to the War”, which is implemented by the one of the authors within the framework of “Cambridge – NRFU 2022. Individual research (developments) grants for researchers in Ukraine (supported by the University of Cambridge, UK)”. Using data from comprehensive research, including desk research, expert interviews, focus groups with students and graduates, and a quantitative online survey of students, the article reveals both short-term and long-term benefits of transition to distance format of education. At the individual level, distance learning saves time, enhances flexibility for combining study and work, and fosters self-discipline. At the institutional level, it promotes the development of digital skills, inclusivity, and international collaboration, etc. At the societal level, it promotes decentralization, equal access to education, and the transformation of labor markets. Although limitations such as technical issues and potential biases are acknowledged, the study argues that distance education provides some opportunities for progressive change in Ukrainian higher education. However, even after a detailed analysis of the positive effects, the authors of the article remain skeptical about the distance format of higher education.
Public procurement of light industry products under martial law conditions
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine, Zavgorodnia M. Yu. , Sheludko E. I. ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the importance of stimulating domestic demand by the state and substituting the import component in public procurement, which will contribute to economic self-sufficiency, sustainability, extension of internal chains of added value, and the creation of new jobs. It is noted that the products of light industry are used in all spheres of life of the population and the national economy. Authors underline that the activity of light industry has a significant multiplicative effect on the development of related industries and spheres, which is important for defense capability and the reconstruction of production and infrastructure facilities. The subject of the study is the implementation of the policy of ensuring the priority of support for Ukrainian producers and stimulation by state bodies of demand for domestic goods in conditions of martial law, improvement of the procurement planning system. Authors try to substantiate stimulating measures for the growth of state procurement of light industry products by providing advantages to domestic producers. Changes in state procurement of light industry products under martial law were studied and assessed. The article uses a number of methods: analysis and synthesis – to determine priorities in state procurement of light industry products, deduction and induction – to establish cause-and-effect relationships and organize objective knowledge about relevant economic processes and phenomena in order to ensure the stability of the national economy under war conditions. Comparative and tabular methods were also used, which made it possible to outline the main results of the research, to summarize and systematize the materials. Multiplicative effects were calculated on the basis of the table “input-output at basic prices”. State purchases of light industry products through the Prozorro system were analyzed. A number of problems were identified that prevent domestic enterprises from participating and winning in public procurement. Directions and measures for stimulating the involvement of domestic enterprises to participate in public procurement and import substitution in Ukraine, improving the procurement process are proposed.
Natural Language Processing to Identify Infants Aged 90 Days and Younger With Fevers Prior to Presentation
Authors: Aronson Paul L. , Kuppermann Nathan , Mahajan Prashant , Nielsen Blake , Olsen Cody S. , Meeks Huong D. , Grundmeier Robert W. ,   on behalf of the PECARN Registry Working Group
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE

Natural language processing (NLP) can enhance research studies for febrile infants by more comprehensive cohort identification. We aimed to refine and validate an NLP algorithm to identify and extract quantified temperature measurements from infants aged 90 days and younger with fevers at home or clinics prior to emergency department (ED) visits.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional study using electronic health record (EHR) data from 17 EDs in 10 health systems that are part of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network Registry. All visits between January 1, 2012, and May 31, 2023, for infants aged 90 days and younger were eligible, excluding those with trauma-related diagnoses. We iteratively refined a prespecified rules-based NLP algorithm in 7 successive samples of 200 visits and validated the algorithm on a held-out sample of 500 visits. The reference standard for pre-ED quantified temperature measurements was a temperature documented in clinical notes, excluding ED vital sign temperatures.

RESULTS

In our final sample, 113 of 500 visits (23%) had quantified temperature measurements. The NLP algorithm had sensitivity 95% (95% CI: 88%–98%), specificity 96% (95% CI: 93%–97%), and positive predictive value 86% (95% CI: 78%–91%). When applying rules to exclude temperatures that may have been noted more than 24 hours previously, the NLP algorithm had lower sensitivity (88%; 95% CI: 81%–93%) but similar specificity (97%; 95% CI: 95%–98%).

CONCLUSIONS

This highly accurate NLP algorithm can identify febrile infants without documented fevers in the ED to facilitate their inclusion in large studies using EHR data.
Винувці карабахської проблеми відомі: історія Карабаху у вірменській історіології
Authors: Гаджиєв Вугар
Published: December 2024

Вірмено-азербайджанський нагірно-карабахський конфлікт тривалий час порушував мир на Південному Кавказі та зіпсував відносини майже між усіма країнами регіону. Історично склалося так, що призвідники багатьох воєн і конфліктів у світі сіяли ворожнечу між народами, пропагували вигадані ідеології та використовували їх у своїх цілях. Тому виникла проблема Нагірного Карабаху. Це було метою тих, хто висував ідею про існування держави «Велика Вірменія» і про те, що Карабах є однією з її територій. На жаль, пропагандистами та рушійними силами цієї вигаданої ідеології були історики. Вони «сприяли» цій ідеології, написавши багато книг, які повторюються, не базуються на реальній історії та є суто пропагандою. Вірмени, які переселилися на Південний Кавказ на початку 19 століття і заснували свою першу державу на початку 20 століття, час від часу намагалися вірменізувати топоніми (географічні назви) та історичні пам'ятки на цих територіях без будь-яких матеріальних, духовних чи етимологічні основ. Не задовольняючись цим, вірменські історики намагалися стверджувати, що азербайджанські історики спотворили у своїх працях історію Карабаху. Метою цього дослідження є виявлення справжніх намірів вірменських істориків, які спотворили та вірменізували давню та новітню історію Карабаху. У своїх роботах вони звинувачують азербайджанських істориків у фальсифікації історії Карабаху. В якості методології дослідження в статті використано метод зіставлення історичних фактів. Проаналізовано книги вірменських авторів, у відповідь на них наведено приклади з праць азербайджанських істориків, історичні факти, джерела. Головна новизна дослідження полягає в тому, що розкрито реальну політико-історичну природу вірмено-азербайджанської нагірно-карабахської проблеми, причини проблеми та ідейних авторів проблеми.
Бізнес-сутра Девдатта Паттанаїка у контексті трансформації міфологічної свідомості в Індії: філософський аналіз
Authors: Рижик Марія
Published: December 2024

Актуальність теми зумовлена ​​тим, що трансформації у міфологічній системі Індії активно впливають на розвиток та стан індійського суспільства. Змінені міфи відображаються у бізнес-практиках, освітніх програмах, нових формах комунікації та практиках лідерства. Найбільш яскравим представником нової індійської міфотворчості є Девдатт Паттанаїк, творець бізнес-сутри та автор кількох десятків книг, присвячених міфології Індії. Саме його творчість найбільш репрезентативна у контексті впливу міфології на сфери суспільного життя.
Мета статті – визначити особливості сучасних трансформацій індійської міфології на прикладі теорії та практики бізнес-сутри Девдатта Паттанаїка.
Результати дослідження показують, що діяльність Девдатта Паттанаїка є прикладом комерціалізації релігії. Він створює твори, ґрунтуючись на потребах сучасного суспільства. Представники нової індійської міфотворчості трансформують міфі, поміщаючи їх у нові реалії. З погляду трансформації свідомості відбуваються такі процеси: симпліфікація образів, реактуалізація мифології – зв'язування традиційних міфів з актуальними проблемами сучасності, включаючи гендерні питання, економічні питання, практики лідерства та можливості кар'єрного зростання, а також вестернізація – здійснення практик мультикультуралізму та міжкультурної комунікації з західною культурою.
Висновки статті наголошують, що у контексті бізнесу та лідерства міфологічні сюжети та мотиви можуть стати потужним інструментом для формування корпоративної культури та етики. Відбувається трансформація міфу від релігійного до секулярного, виникає еклектична модель відношень між релігією та бізнесом. Бізнес-сутра Девдатта Паттанаїка є наслідком процесів глобалізації, мультикультуралізму та інтеркультурної взаємодії. Його підхід до бізнесу та лідерства показує, що незважаючи на глибокий вплив західних практик, індійський соціум зберігає свою унікальність та здатний адаптувати європейські знання під свій контекст. Бізнес-сутра – приклад глокалізації у дії, де традиційні цінності та міфологічні архетипи інтегруються у сучасний бізнес-контекст з урахуванням глобальних та локальних аспектів.
Взаємозв'язок сенсу існування та характеристик тілесності ЗШІ
Authors: Бескаравайний Станіслав
Published: December 2024

Актуальність: становлення ЗШІ (загального штучного інтелекту) як повноцінного учасника соціуму актуалізує питання його цілепокладання, отже, сенс його існування.
ЗШІ так само зіткнуться з психофізичною проблемою при самоосмисленні, як і люди, тому мета статті: сформулювати базове протиріччя сенсу існування техносуб’єктів, аналогічне протиріч тіла та духа у людини.
Результати дослідження: проаналізовано протиріччя в розумінні сенсу життя між «хіліками» та «пневматиками». Показано, що у ХІХ-ХХ ст. виникла криза в розумінні сенсів життя, причому як для традиційного суспільства, так і для суспільства Модерну: соціальне безсмертя, яке можливо досягти раціональними способами, виявилося недостатньою заміною індивідуального безсмертя, яке обіцяє релігія. Трансгуманізм сприймається, як одна із сучасних спроб забезпечити сенсі існування індивіда: протиріччя «хіліків» і «пневматиків» частково знімаються у межах концепції нескінченного вдосконалення людини. Але нескінчений розвиток, сам по собі, не може виступати сенсом існування пост-людини або ЗШІ.
Висновки: сформульовано базову суперечність у цілепокладанні існування ЗШІ: між необмеженим у часі розвитком та самототожністю. Ймовірно, протиріччя цілепокладання існування ЗШІ будуть розвитком протиріч, характерних для людської культури, непрямою відповіддю на питання про сенс життя людини.
 Показано, що ЗШІ, який немає у сенсі свого існування проекції на вічність, можливо розглядати як неповноцінний, службовий ШІ. Це відмінність ЗШІ від людини, що демонструє потенційно якісно вищій рівень розвитку техносуб’єктів. Показано, що тілесну складову індивідуального техносуб'єкту (ЗШІ) у контексті еволюційного розвитку необхідно розглядати скоріше як аналог біологічного виду, ніж окремого організму. Нарешті суб'єктність ЗШІ більш вразлива до впливу інших суб'єктів, так як техногенна структура тіла та програмного забезпечення передбачає знання про їх устрій та можливість маніпуляції. Цим обґрунтовано необхідність якісно нового рівня регуляції взаємодій у соціумі, що складається з ЗШІ.
"Scientific Work Sanctions Everything": Czech Skull Hunters in Alaska
Authors: Brandon Mark A.
Published: December 2024

This article describes how the racial worldview of Aleš Hrdlička (1869-1943) shaped his unethical treatment of Native Americans during his expeditions to Alaska between 1926 and 1937. One of the maim aims of the trips was to dig up and steal Native American skeletons, by stealth if necessary. As a globally lauded anthropologist from one of America’s premier scientific institutions, Hrdlička’s devotion to scientific progress provided the motivation behind his behavior. In his scientific philosophy, humans (and their bones) were nothing more than material, and all individuals were best classified into races based on physical characteristics. For Hrdlička, science sanctioned everything
A diachronic approach to the functional transposition of ALONG and ALONGSIDE in the English language
Authors: Kovbasko Yurii
Published: December 2024

The paper investigates the evolution of the prepositions and adverbs ALONG and ALONGSIDE as subjects to the process of functional transposition. The research investigates the formation of ALONG as an adverb during the Middle English period and its functional transposition into the category of the preposition in late Middle English. The correlation between the initial and transposed categories has stabilized, and they are more or less equally represented in Present-Day English. ALONGSIDE appeared as an adverb at the end of Early Modern English; in Late Modern English, it was transposed into a preposition, which is almost suppressing the initial category of an adverb in Present-Day English.