bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supporting service change in palliative care: a framework approach
Authors: Tieman Jennifer , Rawlings Deb , Taylor Janet , Adams Amanda , Mills Shyla , Vaz Helen , Banfield Maree
Published: July 2014

Background:

Palliative care services are increasingly identifying areas for improvement, then trying to create appropriate changes in response. Nurses in particular are often expected to take leading roles in quality improvement (QI) but are not necessarily trained or supported in these processes.

Methods:

A framework approach to change was developed to guide services through a change cycle and delivered via workshops by representatives of three Australian national projects. Participants were predominantly nurses (80%), with the majority (63.7%) over the age of 50.

Findings:

The workshops and the framework were positively evaluated, with participants feeling confident in a number of QI-related activities following workshop training.

Conclusion:

Recognising and addressing problems in clinical practice and service delivery is an important way for nurses to ensure quality care for patients; however, they need support in developing the skills and knowledge that are essential to successful QI activities.
A novel objective classification method to discriminate and monitor recovery in subgroups of chronic low back pain
Authors: Sheeran L , Whatling G , Holt C , Beynon MJ , van Deursen R , Sparkes V
Published: July 2014

Background:

The heterogeneity of chronic low back pain (CLBP) can be deleterious to its successful management. Classification systems (CSs) that subclassify CLBP in order to target treatments rely on clinical judgement; therefore, less subjective classification is preferable. This study aims to determine whether the Cardiff Classifier (CC), which is an objective classification system based on Dempster-Shafer theory can discriminate between CLBP subgroups on the basis of spinal-pelvic repositioning errors (RE), and establish the most sensitive parameters for discriminating subgroups of CLBP and predicting recovery.

Methods:

Baseline and post-motor learning intervention (MLI) REs from 87 CLBP individuals with flexion (FP, n=50); passive extension (PEP, n=14); and active extension (AEP, n=23) pattern disorder (subclassified by a clinical multi-dimensional CS); and REs from 31 healthy (H) participants were recorded. These REs were inputted into the CC to provide objective and visual indicators of CLBP subgroups and MLI effect. REs were transformed into a set of three belief values: healthy (H); CLBP; and uncertainty. Each participant's status was visually represented as a single point in a simplex plot. Participants on the left of the central line were considered healthy and those on the right of it were considered to have CLBP characteristics.

Results:

The CC's accuracy in discriminating between: FP and H was 85.2%; AEP and H was 96.3%; and PEP and H was 100%. Combining all CLBP reduced the CC's accuracy to 68.6%. The most distinguishing parameter for FP was sitting lumbar RE, and for AEP/PEP it was standing lumbar RE. CC distinguished pre- and post-intervention REs with 85.7% accuracy for FP and 90% for AEP with respective sitting lumbar and standing pelvic RE as the most sensitive predictors of recovery.

Conclusions:

This is the first application of CC in CLBP. The CC accurately discerned three clinical CLBP subgroups and identified parameters that most accurately characterise each subgroup and best predict post-intervention recovery. The CC enhanced classification accuracy to discern between CLBP and H when patients were subclassified. CC should be further tested using clinical classification data.

Implications:

CLBP classification is a complex process requiring high level clinical expertise to synthesize a unique set of physical/clinical characteristics in each CLBP person. The CC can order complex data sets to aid clinicians’ interpretation to target therapy and identify the most sensitive parameters for monitoring recovery thus enhancing classification robustness.
The reliability of novel multiregional spinal motion measurement device
Authors: Alqhtani RS , Jones MD , Theobald PS , Williams JM
Published: July 2014

Background:

Current spinal range of motion (ROM) measurement methods have limitations ranging from the amount of detail obtained to environmental costs and complexity. In particular, limited regional spinal motion is obtained using the current methods. However, a new portable ‘string’ of accelerometers is proposed to overcome these limitations.

Objectives:

This study seeks to determine the reliability of this sensor string in measuring three-dimensional spinal ROM and to investigate the relative motions across six different regions.

Methods:

Two procedures were undertaken on 18 healthy participants. Protocol one: two sensors were placed on the forehead and T1 to measure cervical ROM; and protocol two: six sensors were placed on the spinous processes of T1, T4, T8, T12, L3 and S1 to measure thoraco-lumbar regional ROM.

Results:

The ICC values for all regions were found to be high, ranging from ICC=0.88–0.99 for all movements and regions of the spine, demonstrating that the proposed methods were highly reliable for repeated measures. The standard error of the means (SEMs) were small, ranging from 0.7–5.2°. The flexion/extension motion demonstrated a mean SEM of 1.9° and 1.1° for lateral bending motions. Slightly larger SEMs were observed for rotation, especially for the upper thoracic (UT) and mid thoracic (MT) region with an overall mean SEM of 3.1°. Minimum detectable change (MDC) values ranged from 1.9–14.4°. The flexion/extension motion demonstrated a mean MDC of 5.2° with 3.1° for lateral bending motions. Slightly larger MDCs were observed for rotation (mean MDC=8.4°), especially for the UT and MT region.

Implications:

This method was able to quantify the relative contribution of differing regions to the overall motion. The method described represents a reliable method of assessing spinal ROM across multiple spinal regions.
Does an oscillating positive expiratory pressure device improve sputum expectoration, lung function and HRQoL when compared to ACTs in bronchiectasis?
Authors: Green S
Published: July 2014

Background:

Non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disorder managed with regular physiotherapy airway clearance techniques (ACTs). No systematic reviews have determined the efficacy of oscillating positive expiratory pressure (PEP) devices for patients with non-CF bronchiectasis. This review aims to compare the effectiveness of oscillating PEP devices with ACTs in bronchiectasis.

Methods:

The electronic databases (CINHAL, MEDLINE, PubMed, AMED, EMBASE and Cochrane Library) were searched in November 2013 for peer-reviewed, English Language papers comparing oscillating PEP devices and ACTs. Studies included were systematic reviews, RCTs and meta analyses. Abstract and full text screening, quality assessment and data extraction was conducted by one reviewer. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro appraisal tool.

Results:

A total of five studies of 114 participants were identified. Two studies reported greater production of sputum volume using oscillating PEP and one study reported significant improvement in FEV1 after 4 weeks. None of the studies reported statistically significant results. All studies were of short duration and there was significant heterogeneity between studies in terms of interventions and outcome measures. The results were unable to demonstrate clear superiority of oscillating PEP devices over ACTs, although oscillating PEP devices were preferred to ACTs and reported to be more acceptable and tolerable.

Conclusions:

It was found that oscillating PEP devices were well tolerated and clearly preferred over ACTs. This could be attributable to the novelty of independently performing a new intervention. Due to the chronic nature of bronchiectasis, adherence to treatment is an important consideration. The review concludes that oscillating PEP offers a convenient and effective alternative to ACTs.

Implications:

Standardised research protocols need to be established to eliminate heterogeneity between studies and allow direct comparison for metaanalysis. Researchers need to agree on appropriate outcome measures that will accurately assess significant change, improving the validity and reliability of the results. Long-term studies using standardised outcome measures are required to investigate the effect of the intervention on disease progression of health-related quality of life.
Inter- and intra-rater reliability of the Beighton Score compared to the Contompasis Score to assess generalised joint hypermobility
Authors: Vallis A , Wray A , Smith T
Published: July 2014

Background:

Generalised joint hypermobility (GJH) is a common connective tissue disorder associated with a range of musculoskeletal complaints. An effective screening tool to assess GJH may influence our understanding and choice of management. Diagnosis is clinical, using tools such as the Beighton Hypermobility Score and the Contompasis Scoring System. The comparable reliability of these tools has not been previously reported. The aim of the present study was to compare the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the Beighton Score to the Contompasis Score to assess GJH.

Methods:

This was a randomised observational study assessing 36 pain-free participants: 27 females and nine males, with a mean age of 22.7 years ± 3.71 (range 18 to 32 years). Participants were assessed by two researchers over two sessions to allow for intra- and inter-rater analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted Kappa statistics were used to calculate the level of agreement.

Results:

The intra- (ICC=0.71–0.82) and inter-rater (ICC=0.72–0.80) reliability of the Beighton Score is substantial to almost perfect. The Contompasis Score displayed substantial to almost perfect intra-rater (ICC=0.73–0.82) reliability and moderate to substantial inter-rater (ICC=0.58–0.62) reliability.

Conclusions:

It is hypothesised that in clinical practice the Beighton Score is more appropriate due to greater inter-rater reliability, whereas in a research setting with experienced practitioners, the Contompasis Score would be more appropriate, due to almost perfect intra-rater reliability.

Implications:

The present study provides an indication of the measurement capabilities of the Beighton and Contompasis Scores, as well as providing a platform for further research.
Formative Evaluation of Project TEAM (Teens Making Environment and Activity Modifications)
Authors: Kramer Jessica M. , Roemer Kristin , Liljenquist Kendra , Shin Julia , Hart Stacy
Published: July 2014

Research documents the negative impact of physical and social environmental barriers on engagement in school, work, and the community for youth with intellectual and /or developmental disabilities (IDD). Project TEAM (Teens making Activity and Environment Modifications) was designed to teach youth to systematically identify environmental barriers, generate modification strategies, and request accommodations. This formative evaluation used a mixed methods expansion design to investigate outcomes, activities, and experiences. Trainees had a significant increase in knowledge of environmental factors and modification strategies but no changes in applied problem-solving. 76% attained at least one goal as measured through goal attainment scaling. Intervention activities ranged in quality. Trainees enjoyed the interactive and applied aspects of Project TEAM but found some concepts and materials difficult to understand. Lessons learned from this comprehensive evaluation can inform future revisions to Project TEAM and may be equally relevant for other researchers evaluating programs targeting transition-age youth with IDD.
Simulated stereotypes turning the unreal real: An analysis of representations of the ‘Other’ in traditional media forms and digital games
Authors: Naji Jeneen , Iwar Msughter
Published: July 2014

We live in a world in which we constantly interact with distant cultures through media forms. The media, as the name implies, does not provide a direct link to these different cultures but barely mediates this interaction by presenting constructions of these cultures. This article explores the representation of Muslims in traditional and digital media forms. Specifically the representation of Muslims in two contemporary image constructors, news and games, is explored as well as the corresponding interconnectedness of these representations. Whilst there has been previous research into the representation of Muslims in news and similarly in video games, none compare and contrast the representational methods of these two image constructors in the way this article does. This article performs a comparative study of Muslim representation in these two seemingly unconnected forms towards the goal of identifying similarities and differences of representation using Muslims as a case study.

The digital realm is often purported as a pantheon for society with the freedom of digital publishing and communication allowing minorities to represent themselves and yet there is evidence to suggest that this is not the case. Existing content incorporates and reflects the general imagination of the Middle East prevalent among the western public as well as the audience’s expectation of particular genres – which have themselves been influenced by news media. What exists here is a complete cycle of ignorance reproducing false representation. This logic seems to dictate construction of representation in both forms.
Cultural identity and social media in the Arab Spring: Collective goals in the use of Facebook in the Libyan context
Authors: Papaioannou Tao , Olivos Hugo Enrique
Published: July 2014

While the use of social media in articulating citizens’ actions and social change in the Arab Spring movement has challenged more traditional participation and public deliberation practices, important questions are emerging about the potential of the networked sphere to contribute to the democratic process in these countries. This article aims to analyse the role of cultural identity in facilitating civic participation and empowering citizens through the use of Facebook in the Libyan context. A content analysis of posts within three months in 2012 on three Libyan Facebook pages is performed in order to identify collective goals shared among the participants and their use of Facebook in reference to these objectives. The results reveal that new cultural values based on human rights and political freedom, in particular participation in free elections, are disseminated via Facebook, highlighting Libya’s transition from an authoritarian regime towards democracy. Second, Facebook is used to serve these collective goals through promoting civic journalism, encouraging freedom of speech and facilitating participation in civic and political activities. Facebook also supports among Libyan citizens an inclusive discourse which recognizes equal representation of all regions in the country and its cultural and political significance in the emergence of a new democracy.
Milin's coefficients, complex geometry of Teichmüller spaces and variational calculus for univalent functions
Authors: Krushkal Samuel L.
Published: July 2014

We investigate the invariant metrics and complex
geodesics in the universal Teichmüller space and the
Teichmüller space of the punctured disk using
Milin's coefficient inequalities. This technique allows us to
establish that all non-expanding invariant metrics in either of
these spaces coincide with its intrinsic Teichmüller metric.
Other applications concern the variational theory for univalent
functions with quasiconformal extension. It turns out that geometric
features caused by the equality of metrics and connection with
complex geodesics provide deep distortion results for various
classes of such functions and create new phenomena which do not
appear in the classical geometric function theory.
Die psychologischen Grundlagen des Social-Engineerings
Authors: Schumacher Stefan
Published: July 2014

Social-Engineering ist eine Angriffsstrategie, die nicht die Technik als Opfer auserkoren hat. Stattdessen wird hier viel lieber – und vor allem effizienter – der Mensch bzw. sein Verhalten angegriffen. Dieser Artikel zeigt, wie Social-Engineering funktioniert und erklärt die zugrunde liegenden Tricks anhand sozialpsychologischer Studien und Experimente. Außerdem werden Beispiele, Warnsignale und Gegenmaßnahmen vorgestellt. Er richtet sich an Sicherheitsverantwortliche und Systemadministratoren, die verstehen wollen, wie Social-Engineering funktioniert, und dieses Wissen in ihre Sicherheitsmaßnahmen integrieren wollen.
Evaluation performance of multiple plasticizer systems on the physicomechanical, crystallinity and thermogravimetry of polyvinyl chloride
Authors: Bee Soo-Tueen , Mok Wen-Ru , Lee Tin Sin , Tee Tiam-Ting , Issabayeva Gulnaziya , Rahmat Abdul R.
Published: July 2014

The flexibility of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials is crucial in the production of urine bags and urinary tubing. However, the combination and concentration of plasticizers offers a variation of the plasticizing efficiency to the PVC matrix. In this study, several types of plasticizers, namely dioctyl adipate (DOA), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) and epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) were added into the PVC matrix to enhance the flexibility of PVC compounds. Increasing the plasticizer loading level improved elongation at break of PVC compounds, whereas the tensile strength, hardness and specific gravity deteriorated. In addition, DOA added to PVC compounds exhibited the highest plasticizing effect with the highest elongation at break results at lower percentages of plasticizer (≤50%). This is due to the linear chain of the DOA plasticizer promoting the slippage effect of polymer chains during stretching and thus imparting a higher flexibility. In addition, a higher loading level of plasticizer in PVC compounds also produced a marginal increment on the crystallinity and thermal stability of PVC compounds. Overall, DINP/DOA added to PVC compounds exhibited the highest flexibility effect (elongation at break) at higher percentages, but lowered tensile strength and crystallinity.
Processing and characterization of electrospun trans-polyisoprene nanofibers
Authors: Chen Qi , Saha Prosenjit , Kim Nam-Gyeong , Kim Jin Kuk
Published: July 2014

The method of manufacturing nanofibers using the electrospinning technique from trans-polyisoprene (TPI) is presented in this study, possibly for the first time. The process parameters such as solution concentration, applied voltage, distance and feeding rate for electrospinning were investigated and optimized with respect to fiber morphology, as observed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photomicrographs. Smooth and uniform nanofibers were found to generate at the optimum conditions with 1% melt concentration, 15 kV of voltage, tip-to-collector distance (TCD) of 15 cm and injection rate 4 ml/h. The physicochemical properties of pure TPI and electrospun TPI fibers were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Both DSC and FTIR characterization results show predominant transformation of TPI crystalline structure from the β form to the α form upon electrospinning.
Overt and hidden complexity – Two types of complexity and their implications
Authors: Bisang Walter
Published: July 2014

Linguistic complexity is the result of the two motivations of explicitness and economy. Most approaches focus on the exlpicitness side of complexity (overt complexity) but there is also an explicitness-oriented side to complexity (hidden complexity). The aim of the paper is to introduce hidden complexity as the neglected side of complexity and to discuss the issues of trade-offs, global complexity and equal complexity from a more encompassing perspective that integrates overt and hidden complexity.
Interculturalidad en juicio: el derecho del indígena a comunicarse en su propia lengua
Authors: Delgado-Garrido Daniela , Curihuinca-Neira Elsy
Published: July 2014

El objeto del presente artículo es proporcionar una mirada sistematizada del derecho fundamental que tienen los indígenas a usar su propia lengua en juicios orales penales en Chile. Este derecho será abordado como la facultad que se tiene de escoger en qué idioma declarar independientemente del manejo que se tenga del idioma castellano, debiendo ser asistido por intérpretes en caso de ser necesario. Describiremos como, producto de la alta concentración de población indígena existente, se ha dado cumplimiento a esta garantía a través del surgimiento de la figura del facilitador intercultural, analizando especialmente el contexto mapuche de la novena región y declaraciones prestadas en mapudungun.
El “ciudadano”, telespectador en el discurso mediático chileno
Authors: Antezana Barrios Lorena
Published: July 2014

La democracia condujo a un alargamiento del espacio público donde los medios asumen un rol creciente y donde la televisión -y específicamente el noticiero televisivo- cumplen una función importante al establecer un puente entre el público y las autoridades. Es decir, el noticiero televisivo cumple una función de “bisagra relacional” articulando estas dos grandes instancias, pero en una plataforma que no es neutra, al presentar las distintas voces de los actores implicados en los acontecimientos organizándolas de acuerdo a un tipo de lógica argumentativa que responde a la esencia distintiva de cada canal. El espacio del noticiero se constituiría por tanto, en un lugar de debate de intereses públicos y privados y en el lugar de constitución de una opinión que presupone un tipo de ciudadano particular, por tanto ¿A qué tipo de ciudadano apela la entidad televisiva?
El reto de Carlos Soria (I): la creación de un fenómeno en redes sociales
Authors: Gonzálvez Vallés Juan Enrique
Published: July 2014

La presencia de Carlos Soria en las redes sociales ha causado toda una revolución en Facebook, Twitter y YouTube. Tras la decisión de BBVA de patrocinar al alpinista de 73 años se puso en marcha una maquinaria bien engrasada que ayudaría a trasmitir la imagen conjunta BBVA-Carlos Soria. De esta forma, el alpinista español obtenía el respaldo de una gran empresa que le ayude a completar su reto de coronar las catorce montañas más altas de la Tierra; y el banco tenía la oportunidad de asociar su imagen a un proyecto que le ayudase a mejorar la impresión que los clientes, actuales y potenciales, tienen sobre esta entidad bancaria en particular, y sobre los bancos en general.
El reto de Carlos Soria (II): contenidos e interactividad
Authors: Gonzálvez Vallés Juan Enrique
Published: July 2014

Carlos Soria revolucionó las redes sociales con un contenido casi inédito en Facebook, Twiter y Youtube. El patrocinio de BBVA otorgó al alpinista la posibilidad de dar a conocer su historia y, más allá, reflejar una serie de valores que obtuvieron una amplia y positiva respuesta en sus perfiles sociales. En esta segunda parte del estudio pormenorizado de las distintas cuentas que la entidad bancaria y el alpinista pusieron en marcha, nos centraremos en el análisis de los contenidos y la respuesta que los usuarios dieron a los mismos. Buscamos, por tanto, conocer no sólo el grado de aceptación del perfil de Carlos Soria en las redes, algo que ya afrontamos en la primera parte de este estudio, sino también hasta qué punto los usuarios aceptaron los contenidos que los perfiles propusieron y, de producirse una respuesta a los mismos, evaluar su trascendencia.
El caso de la red social Pinterest: representación propia y coleccionismo virtual a través de imágenes
Authors: Visa Barbosa Mariona
Published: July 2014

Los usos de la fotografía nos hablan de la sociedad de cada momento y en los últimos años vemos como la representación personal, la comunicación y el coleccionismo forman parte de estos usos. Muchos usuarios de las redes sociales no producen contenido, sino que lo utilizan como herramienta para comunicarse entre ellos. La plataforma emergente Pinterest es un lugar dónde organizar aquello que nos interesa en distintas carpetas y a la vez exhibirlo al resto del mundo, posibilitando así la transmisión de información y la comunicación horizontal entre los usuarios, característica clave de los medios sociales que pueblan  Internet desde principios del siglo XXI.
Empoderamiento de las redes sociales en las crisis institucionales
Authors: Cancelo Sanmartín Mercedes , Gadea Aldave Gilda
Published: July 2014

En el presente artículo se pretende ahondar en el uso de las redes sociales como vehículo comunicativo veraz ante el vacío comunicativo institucional, concretamente en situaciones de riesgo para la sociedad civil. Desde la concepción de la existencia institucional se plantea como inherente el accionar estatal de protección de los ciudadanos y como consecuencia la difusión de aquellos mensajes que puedan contribuir a la seguridad de la ciudadanía. Cuando la emisión de mensajes en estas circunstancias no es proactivo o incluso es inexistente, los ciudadanos buscan organizarse como fuentes de información reactivas a la situación de riesgo en la que perciben vivir. Para la constatación de la existencia de estas fuentes de información paralelas y su uso ciudadano, se han estudiado tres regiones de México que actualmente atraviesan situaciones de inseguridad ciudadana, concretamente los estados de Nuevo León, Tamaulipas y Veracruz. La metodología aplicada ha sido la encuestación de un número significativo de ciudadanos divididos equitativamente entre las capitales de los tres estados citados anteriormente. Los resultados más relevantes apuntan hacia la falta de legitimación de las fuentes tradicionales de información en pos de las alternativas promovidas por los propios ciudadanos.
La teoría fundamentada como una herramienta de explicación de objetos complejos: la construcción de la teoría del tabú real
Authors: Barredo Ibáñez Daniel
Published: July 2014

Casi cuarenta años han tenido que pasar hasta que un investigador haya construido una explicación válida sobre cómo se construye la comunicación del rey de España, como la aparecida en Barredo (2013a). Esta laguna ha sido motivada por las complicaciones humanas y materiales que enfrenta ese objeto de estudio: la opacidad de los gestores de la Casa del Rey, la negativa de los grandes medios de comunicación a mostrar sus rutinas y la inexistencia de una tradición investigadora en este tema. En las siguientes páginas se explica la herramienta utilizada, la Teoría Fundamentada, una perspectiva cualitativa poco empleada en los estudios de Periodismo pero que sin embargo ofrece grandes ventajas, como por ejemplo la flexibilidad para adentrarse en fenómenos complejos.
Tendencias innovadoras en modelos comunicativos
Authors: Caldevilla Domínguez David
Published: July 2014

Reseña:Tendencias innovadoras en modelos comunicativosGraciela Padilla Castillo (Coord.)VisionNet, Madrid 2013
Códigos comunicativos y docencia
Authors: Fernández Fernández Césareo
Published: July 2014

Reseña:Códigos comunicativos y docenciaJavier Rodríguez Torres (Coord.)Vision Libros, Madrid 2013
Interactividad y participación en las páginas web de los principales diarios deportivos españoles
Authors: Díaz del Campo Lozano Jesús
Published: July 2014

La presente investigación plantea la evaluación de la interactividad y la participación en las páginas web de los principales diarios deportivos españoles de acuerdo a los datos de audiencia correspondientes al Estudio General de Medios (EGM). En concreto, se analizan los sitios web de Marca, As, Sport y Mundo Deportivo). Para ello se emplea un modelo de análisis compuesto por 36 indicadores organizados alrededor de ocho parámetros básicos, que miden aspectos como la interacción entre el medio de comunicación y el usuario, o la adaptación del medio a las herramientas propias de la Web 2.0, entre otros. Con ello se pretende averiguar si existe una relación entre el índice de audiencia del medio y el nivel de interactividad y participación de sus sitios web. Los resultados muestran que, efectivamente, los diarios con un mayor número de lectores son los que más han adaptado su página web a las necesidades de participación e interacción que demanda el usuario.
Aspectos conceptuales sobre la inteligencia afectiva y su fomento a través de la lectura en la escuela
Authors: Martínez-Otero Pérez Valentín , García-Lago Ibáñez Virginia
Published: July 2014

En este artículo se profundiza en el concepto de “inteligencia afectiva”, en sus implicaciones educativas y en su cultivo a través de la lectura. Aunque cada vez se reconoce más la trascendencia de la educación de la afectividad, siguen siendo insuficientes los esfuerzos por desarrollar programas formativos sistemáticos y rigurosos. En este trabajo se ofrecen recomendaciones prácticas dirigidas a educadores y se destaca el valor de la lectura como recurso psicopedagógico para desarrollar la inteligencia afectiva.
Los eventos en el ámbito de la empresa. Hacia una definición y clasificación
Authors: Campos García de Quevedo Gloria , Fuente Lafuente Carlos
Published: July 2014

Este trabajo tiene por objeto el estudio de la organización de eventos en el contexto de las empresas españolas y en el sector profesional de la industria de los eventos, y la tipología y formato que adoptan los eventos en dicho ámbito para conseguir los objetivos para los que han sido promovidos y diseñados. La investigación profundiza a su vez, en el contexto en el que se desarrolla en España la industria de eventos en el marco de las empresas, su evolución y la identificación de los actores que la componen (empresas, proveedores, agencias de organización), todo ello, desde un enfoque comunicacional de la organización de eventos. Dado que el estudio académico de la organización de eventos en España es prácticamente inexistente, salvo el que lo vincula directamente al ámbito del protocolo, este trabajo indaga y analiza publicaciones académicas y científicas a nivel internacional, informes estadísticos para proponer una definición de evento en el ámbito de la empresa y sus características, y a partir de este análisis proponer una clasificación de los mismos. Para reforzar la propuesta realizada se han estudiado también las categorías y las características de los eventos que concurren a tres premios de gran prestigio de la industria de eventos en ámbitos de referencia para España, los European Best Event Awards (europeos), Festival Iberoamericano de Promociones y Eventos (Iberoamérica), y los Premios Eventoplus (España).
How ASTM E06.81 Standards Promote a Meeting of the Minds
Authors: DeJean Daryl , Stevens Lee
Published: July 2014

This paper focuses on how to make standards more usable and more valuable to key stakeholders over all life-cycle phases and in all sectors of the built environment. There is a need within the marketplace for well-established financial and economic evaluation tools both for traditional applications and for emerging trends—sustainability, Building Information Modeling, and other innovations—as they are mainstreamed into the built environment. The suite of standards from ASTM International's Subcommittee E06.81 on Building Economics fills that need. Specifically, these standards provide a full spectrum of value-enabling solutions to (1) accelerate the adoption of new building technologies and processes; (2) assist the evaluation of new energy efficiency and sustainability techniques; and (3) enhance the resource productivity of labor, materials, and energy. Taken together, these solutions can result in significant increases in efficiency and cost-effectiveness in the built environment. The standards also provide a framework that facilitates communication among key stakeholders, increasing the potential for identifying and implementing mutually beneficial solutions to complex problems. A series of case studies involving existing and new buildings and industrial facilities are used to illustrate how ASTM E06.81 standards can be applied. The case studies also serve to illustrate a sequence of steps that, if pursued, deliver greater value to key stakeholders. These steps involve (1) clarifying the capabilities of the E06.81 standards and simplifying presentation materials on how to apply ASTM E06.81 standards and (2) reaching and informing a wider audience by engaging stakeholders outside of the engineering community.
Regulation of cargo‐selective endocytosis by dynamin 2 GTPase‐activating protein girdin
Authors: Weng Liang , Enomoto Atsushi , Miyoshi Hiroshi , Takahashi Kiyofumi , Asai Naoya , Morone Nobuhiro , Jiang Ping , An Jian , Kato Takuya , Kuroda Keisuke , Watanabe Takashi , Asai Masato , Ishida‐Takagishi Maki , Murakumo Yoshiki , Nakashima Hideki , Kaibuchi Kozo , Takahashi Masahide
Published: July 2014

In clathrin‐mediated endocytosis (CME), specificity and selectivity for cargoes are thought to be tightly regulated by cargo‐specific adaptors for distinct cellular functions. Here, we show that the actin‐binding protein girdin is a regulator of cargo‐selective CME. Girdin interacts with dynamin 2, a GTPase that excises endocytic vesicles from the plasma membrane, and functions as its GTPase‐activating protein. Interestingly, girdin depletion leads to the defect in clathrin‐coated pit formation in the center of cells. Also, we find that girdin differentially interacts with some cargoes, which competitively prevents girdin from interacting with dynamin 2 and confers the cargo selectivity for CME. Therefore, girdin regulates transferrin and E‐cadherin endocytosis in the center of cells and their subsequent polarized intracellular localization, but has no effect on integrin and epidermal growth factor receptor endocytosis that occurs at the cell periphery. Our results reveal that girdin regulates selective CME via a mechanism involving dynamin 2, but not by operating as a cargo‐specific adaptor.
Вредоносность нематоды Longidorus leptocephalus на ягодных культурах в условиях вегетационного опыта
Authors: Rogozhin E. A.
Published: July 2014

Проведена оценка вредоносности нематоды Longidorus leptocephalus при ее различной численности на растениях земляники садовой (Fragaria ananаssa) и ежевики сизой (Rubus caesius) в условиях вегетационного опыта. Растения земляники проявляли признаки оставания в росте относительно контрольных вариантов при средней численности L. leptocephalus 80 экз./100 г почвы, в то время как гибель 50% растений наблюдалась при 600 экз./100 г почвы. На растениях ежевики значительный эффект угнетения роста наблюдался при средней численности нематод в ризосфере 500 экз./100 г почвы, при этом гибели растений отмечено не было.
BRINGING THE HUMAN TO “HUMANISM”
Authors: Vila-Henninger Luis A.
Published: July 2014

An argument for an updated definition of 'human being'.
A NEW VISION FOR FREETHOUGHT
Authors: Nall Jeff
Published: July 2014

An essay exploring the failure of the Freethought Movement to repell the Religious Right in American politics
YIN AND YANG AND THE DANGER OF IDOLATRY
Authors: Werner Michael
Published: July 2014

Personal reflection on the failure of liberal religion and on religious and secular ideologies.
ALTERATION OF GENERATIONS IN HUMANS
Authors: Davis Wayne H.
Published: July 2014

A biologist argues against the logic of anti-abortion laws.
Natural history and surgical treatment of chordoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Aguiar Júnior Samuel , Andrade Wesley Pereira , Baiocchi Glauco , Guimarães Gustavo Cardoso , Cunha Isabela Werneck , Estrada Daniel Alvarez , Suzuki Sergio Hideki , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , Lopes Ademar
Published: July 2014

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Chordoma is a rare tumor with a high risk of locoregional recurrences. The aim of this study was analyze the long-term results from treating this pathological condition.DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort study in a single hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study on 42 patients with chordoma who were treated at Hospital A. C. Camargo between 1980 and 2006. The hospital records were reviewed and a descriptive analysis was performed on the clinical-pathological variables. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and these were compared using the log-rank test.RESULTS: Nineteen patients were men and 23 were women. Twenty-five tumors (59.5%) were located in the sacrum, eleven (26.2%) in the skull base and six (14.3%) in the mobile spine. Surgery was performed on 28 patients (66.7%). The resection was considered to have negative margins in 14 cases and positive margins in 14 cases. The five-year overall survival (OS) was 45.4%. For surgical patients, the five-year OS was 64.3% (82.2% for negative margins and 51.9% for positive margins). In the inoperable group, OS was 37.7% at 24 months and 0% at five years.CONCLUSION: Complete resection is related to local control and definitively has a positive impact on long-term survival.
Leadership, management and teamwork learning through an extra-curricular project for medical students: descriptive study
Authors: Jorge Maria Lucia da Silva Germano , Coelho Izabel Cristina Meister , Paraizo Mariana Martins , Paciornik Ester Fogel
Published: July 2014

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Professionalism in medicine requires preparation for the globalized world. Our objective was to describe a project that introduces medical students to the community, hospital and laboratory activities, thereby allowing them to gain experience in people management, leadership and teamwork.DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study of the process applied at a philanthropic medical school in Curitiba, Paraná.METHOD: Inclusion of management and leadership practices as part of the medical degree program.RESULTS: The study groups consisted of fifteen students. After six months, any of the participants could be elected as a subcoordinator, with responsibility for managing tasks and representing the team in hospital departments and the community. The activities required increasing levels of responsibility. In medical schools, students' involvement in practical activities is often limited to observation. They are not required to take responsibilities or to interact with other students and stakeholders. However, they will become accountable, which thus has an adverse effect on all involved. The learning space described here aims to fill this gap by bringing students closer to the daily lives and experiences of healthcare professionals.CONCLUSION: Being a physician requires not only management and leadership, but also transferrable competencies, communication and critical thinking. These attributes can be acquired through experience of teamwork, under qualified supervision from teaching staff. Students are thus expected to develop skills to deal with and resolve conflicts, learn to share leadership, prepare others to help and replace them, adopt an approach based on mutual responsibility and discuss their performance.
Local distribution and abundance of Cardisoma guanhumi Latreille, 1928 (Brachyura: Gecarcinidae) in southern Brazil
Authors: Oliveira-Neto JF , Batista E , Metri R , Metri CB
Published: July 2014

The blue land crab, Cardisoma guanhumi Latreille, 1828 (Brachyura: Gecarcinidae) is officially included in the list of over-exploited species in Brazil, although still abundantly found in the state of Santa Catarina, the southern limit of its distribution. This species was found in forested areas, gardens, and grassy areas, including crabs with carapace width larger than 80mm. The existence of this population with these characteristics is surprising, since there is only one official record of the species in the southern region. The objectives of this study are to estimate the abundance and occupation patterns of C. guanhumi in this region. Correlations with conservation were discussed. The absolute abundance of crabs in the middle of summer activity was established for an area of 100,000 m2. A smaller area was mapped and divided into sampling units for statistical analyses. We distributed approximately 240 crabs in a forested area of about 3,000 m2 and 150 crabs in grassy areas (90,000 m2). The statistical test of Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there are significant differences between the sizes of the openings of the galleries inside the forest and that located in grassy areas. In the forest, the openings tend to be much larger. Burrows were found at a distance of 150 metres from the channel. The number of galleries was higher in the forested area, although the burrows were more densely grouped in grassy areas. Although C. guanhumi seems to be adjusting well to changes caused by human occupation, small forested areas are more conducive to growth and conservation of this species.
A new species of Utiaritichthys Miranda Ribeiro (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) from the Serra dos Parecis, Tapajós drainage
Authors: Pereira Thiago N. A. , Castro Ricardo M. C.
Published: July 2014

Utiaritichthysesguiceroi is described from the upper portion of the rio Juruena, rio Tapajós drainage, Mato Grosso State, Central Brazil. The new species distinguished from its two congeners, U. sennaebragai Miranda Ribeiro and U. longidorsalis Jégu, Tito de Morais & Santos, by having 99 to 101 perforated scales on lateral line (vs. 69 to 83), presence of 17 to19 prepelvic spines (vs. 9-13 in U. sennaebragai and 28-31 in U. longidorsalis), 20 to 21 postpelvic spines (vs. 15 to 19 in U. sennaebragai, and 14 in U. longidorsalis), and 23 to 25 circumpeduncular scales (vs. 30-48 in U. sennaebragai, and 33-35 in U. longidorsalis). Furthermore, the new species differs from U. longidorsalis by having larger interdorsal width, and adipose-fin base length (11.8-15.6 vs. 7.1-7.9% of SL, and 4.2-5.8 vs. 3.7-3.8% of SL, respectively).
Sperm evolution in the family Alestidae with comparative data for the genus Chalceus (Ostariophysi: Characiformes)
Authors: Santana Júlio César de O. , Calcagnotto Daniela , Quagio-Grassiotto Irani
Published: July 2014

Spermiogenesis and spermatozoa in six genera of the African family Alestidae plus the Neotropical genus Chalceusare described. Spermiogenesis is quite similar in all Alestidae and is identified as Type I and its variants. In Type I spermiogenesis, the flagellum of earliest spermatids lies lateral to the nucleus, and rotation of the nucleus towards the centriolar complex is observed. Nuclear rotation is complete reaching 90 degrees in Bryconalestes longipinnis, Brachypetersius altus, Brycinus imberi, B. lateralis, and Alestopetersius compressus; and is incomplete reaching 20 degrees in Micralestes acutidensand Rhabdalestesrhodesiensis. Spermatozoa morphology varies from a medial nucleus with fibrillar chromatin in the most basal genus Brycinusto a strongly eccentric nucleus with highly condensed chromatin in the more derived Rhabdalestesand Micralestes. Chalceushas a very similar spermatozoon to that found in Brycinussharing the fibrillar aspect of the chromatin in the nucleus. This feature is so far only observed in these two genera among African and Neotropical characiform fishes.
Moenkhausia rubra, a new species from rio Juruena, upper rio Tapajós basin, Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae)
Authors: Pastana Murilo N. L. , Dagosta Fernando C. P.
Published: July 2014

Moenkhausia rubra, new species, is described from the upper rio Juruena, rio Tapajós basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from its congeners, except M. hemigrammoidesand M. nigromarginata, by the dark pigmentation on the anteriormost rays of both dorsal and anal fins. Moenkhausia rubrais distinguished from the aforementioned species by the number of branched anal-fin rays 17-20 (vs. 20-25), presence of a dark blotch on the caudal peduncle extending to middle caudal-fin rays, absence of longitudinal black zigzag stripes between longitudinal rows of scales on body, and other details of coloration.
Redescription of Hyphessobrycon flammeusMyers, 1924 (Ostariophysi: Characidae), a threatened species from Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Fernando R. , Jesus Guilherme C. de , Langeani Francisco
Published: July 2014

One of the most gorgeous colored and endangered Hyphessobryconspecies, H. flammeus Myers, is redescribed. Diagnostic characters of the species are two vertically elongated humeral spots, no caudal peduncle blotch, 5-8 maxillary teeth, caudal fin hyaline, and longitudinal dark stripe of the body absent. Sexual dimorphism is present, with males being more colored than females and having bony hooks in the anal and pelvic fins, which are dark in their terminal portions. Comments about its occurrence in the upper rio Tietê drainage (upper rio Paraná basin), its conservation status, and the phylogenetic position into Characidae context are also presented.
A new species of Serrapinnus Malabarba, 1998 (Characidae: Cheirodontinae) from Rio Grande do Norte State, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Jerep Fernando C. , Malabarba Luiz R.
Published: July 2014

Serrapinnus potiguar, new species, is described from the rio Ceará-Mirim, a coastal drainage in the Rio Grande do Norte State, northeastern Brazil. The new species is distinguished from the other species of the genus by the shape and arrangement of the ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays of the sexually dimorphic males; where the hypertrophied elements present the shape of a series of scimitars arranged radially, forming a semi-circle on the ventral margin of the caudal peduncle. Furthermore, the new species is diagnosed from S. heterodonand S. piaba, sympatric congeners from the northeastern Brazilian drainages, respectively by the presence of incomplete lateral line and teeth bearing at most five cusps.
Características da violência escolar no Brasil: revisão sistemática de estudos quantitativos
Authors: Nesello Francine , Sant'Anna Flávia Lopes , Santos Hellen Geremias dos , Andrade Selma Maffei de , Mesas Arthur Eumann , González Alberto Durán
Published: July 2014

Objetivos: dimensionar e identificar fatores associados à violência escolar no Brasil descritos na literatura. Métodos: foram selecionados artigos com dados quantitativos sobre violência escolar no Brasil e indexados nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e PubMed, até maio de 2013, sem restrição temporal para o início. A seleção de artigos e a extração dos dados foram realizadas de modo independente por duas pesquisadoras e as inconsistências resolvidas por consenso. Resultados: vinte e quatro estudos cumpriram os critérios de inclusão. A maioria destes foi desenvolvida com alunos do ensino fundamental em escolas públicas localizadas no Sul e no Sudeste brasileiro e durante os anos 2000. A definição de violência escolar e as modalidades estudadas diferiram entre os artigos analisados. A violência psicológica e a física foram as mais abordadas. O bullying destacou-se como modalidade específica da violência escolar. Ser do sexo masculino e ter vivenciado situações de violência na família foram os fatores mais freqüentemente associados à violência escolar. Conclusões: a presente revisão detectou poucos estudos quantitativos sobre violência em escolas brasileiras, sobretudo entre professores. É necessário estabelecer critérios para o estudo desse fenômeno, que permitam comparação de sua ocorrência no tempo e no espaço.