bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lived Experiences of Families With Children Diagnosed With Down Syndrome At Polangui, Albay
Authors: Dasalla Maria Ardhail B.
Published: March 2020

This study focused on the background of the case, lived experiences of each family having a child with Down syndrome and how the families deal and cope with the problems and issues they have encountered in relation to the child’s condition. The study was conducted in the municipality of Polangui, province of Albay, Philippines. The study was guided by Hill’s ABCX model and Bowen Family system’s theory. These theories explain how the family as an emotional unit is affected and copes with a stressor. In dealing with a certain stressor, several factors (i.e. event or stressor, internal and external family resources and family’s perception of the stressor) affect their coping mechanism, which can either be positive or negative (family crisis). This study utilized the qualitative research design specifically the Phenomenological approach by Creswell. The subjective statements were transcribed, coded and organized to facilitate analysis and drawing of conclusion. Also, documents sought and written field notes were used to triangulate the data to assure of its validity and reliability. From the analysis of data, three themes emerged. Each theme was composed of categories. The themes formulated are: (1) Primary care providers’ insights which focused separately on the child, child’s condition, experience as a whole and beliefs possessed by the key informants; (2) The family dealing with child’s condition which describes the families’ experiences with the phenomena. This include exploration on the initial reactions felt by the key informants, psycho-behavioral experiences, family mechanism and interactions, health and illness management, caring experiences, character and capability formation, social experiences, spiritual experiences, challenges and issues encountered and coping mechanisms; and lastly (3) the child as a family member composed of the following sub themes: child’s worth, looking through the child’s future and effects to family. Looking holistically through the families’ experiences of having a child with special needs, a model of care called as “Family Empowerment Model” was designed and formulated which aims to enhance the family and the child’s capability to cope with the condition.
Solid Waste Disposal Practices of the Atis (Aeta) of Boracay
Authors: Samar Anne Cicely Remetio
Published: March 2020

The rising quality of life and high rates of resource consumption patterns had an unintended and negative impact both on the urban and rural environments and even on indigenous communities. Cities are now grappling with the problems of high volumes of waste, the costs involved, the disposal technologies and methodologies, and the impact of wastes on the local and global environment. This study is entitled Solid Waste Disposal Practices of the Atis (Aetas) of Boracay. The study was conducted to identify the Solid Waste Disposal Practices of the Atis in Boracay in terms of method of garbage storage and their methods of garbage disposal. It also seeks to identify activities/ programs implemented or practiced in the community to minimize improper waste disposal practices of every household in the community. The researcher to gather the information needed to be utilized a survey questionnaire. Interviews with 25 households and observations were conducted to further validate the authenticity of the data. Findings revealed that in terms of household garbage storage the respondents stored their garbage in a plastic bag, in an open container, and others pile it in the yard especially those biodegradable wastes. Concerning their garbage disposal practices, every household practiced proper segregation of waste. For their food waste, they put it in basket compost, while plastic containers, bottles, metals, and glass were segregated properly and disposed to a dumpsite through garbage collection. Trashes such as papers/cardboards were used for cooking by the Atis. Yard trimmings were used as compost as organic fertilizer. A once a week community cleaning is conducted by the Atis to maintain the cleanliness of their community where proper segregation of wastes was also monitored by the community organizer. In partnership with the Department of Agriculture Atis of Boracay were trained on basket composting to manage their biodegradable wastes. They were also guided by the policy of the Local Government Unit of Malay on proper wastes disposal.
Lovemaking: Sex Before Marriage (Perception Towards Premarital Sex)
Authors: Tabiolo Andro T.
Published: March 2020

Adolescent pregnancy is becoming a matter of increasing concern. Johnson, (1972) revealed that pregnancy in the adolescent is the largest single reason why female students drop out of secondary schools. Early pregnancy and parenthood are established indicators of high-risk status for both mother and child with regard to future health problems, poverty, and child abuse and neglect. Premarital sex is a huge problem in society today; the numbers are staggering. Teens everywhere are not waiting until they are married to have sex. Teens are less developed emotionally and physically before having sex, and they are not prepared for the serious problems that come along with their decision to have sex. There are always consequences when a teenager chooses to have sex. Teens who engage in premarital sex are more likely to suffer negatively from long-term physical, emotional, social, and moral effects, than teens that choose to wait. The study was conducted to determine the perception of high school students in the District of Buruanga on premarital sex. Specifically, it attempted to determine the respondents’ perception of premarital sex and identified the source of information about sex. The survey questionnaire was administered to 80 respondents to examine their perception of pre-marital sex. The study revealed that respondents conveyed on a disagreed perception towards pre-marital sex; that there is no significant difference in the respondents’ insight on the practice of premarital sex as grouped according to sex. It shows that, the high school students in the District of Buruanga disagreed on the practice of premarital sex; that, mass media (television, internet, social networks), books and friends were the respondents’ main source information about sex. Young people should be informed in order that teenage pregnancies, early or untimely experience of motherhood or fatherhood could be avoided.
An Advanced Version of CS Unplugged Activity 2
Authors: Uchida Yasuo , Tanabe Makoto , Onishi Atsushi , Sakamoto Makoto
Published: March 2020

In line with the global trend toward enhancing education on computer programming, Japan has begun to consider making programming a required subject at the elementary-school level. While traditionally some programming education has been conducted starting at the level of secondary education, this policy would introduce it as a required subject at an earlier stage. The authors are involved in programming education at a “Kosen” school, a unique higher education institution of science and technology in Japan that accepts as students junior-high-school graduates. However, since not a few students consider the subject to be difficult, they are in the process of seeking out effective educational methods for beginning learners of programming. As part of this process, we are carrying out research focused mainly on the continuation of CS Unplugged to full-fledged programming. Previously we proposed a Six-Step Method based on CS Unplugged, and we have put it into practice in the classroom. The six steps are as follows: Step 1: CS Unplugged Activity; Step 2: CS Plugged Activity; Step 3: visualization of the processing; Step 4: extraction of elements of the processing; Step 5: writing Java source code; Step 6: validation through table tracing. However, the CS Unplugged Activity was devised originally for children who had no knowledge of computers. In addition, most of the activities prepared have concerned individual topics, with only weak connections among those topics. Focusing on these points, we devised a more advanced version as an activity connected to full-fledged programming and merging the two topics, important to the initial study, of Activity 1 (Binary Numbers) and Activity 2 (Image Representation). This paper reports the results of using this version in classroom practice.
Incidence of Heart Failure among Diabetic Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease: A Cohort Study
Authors: Abdissa Senbeta Guteta , Deressa Wakgari , Shah Amit J
Published: March 2020

Background: In population studies of heart failure (HF), diabetes has been shown to be an independent risk factor. However, the evidence evaluating diabetes mellitus (DM) as an independent risk factor in incident HF in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) is scarce. Our study aimed to assess the incidence of HF in diabetic IHD patients compared to non-diabetic IHD patients in Ethiopia.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 306 patients with IHD followed-up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The IHD patients who did not have HF at baseline were followed for 24 months beginning from November 30, 2015. We assessed the incidence of HF in patients with diabetic IHD versus the non-diabetic IHD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between diabetic IHD and HF after controlling for important covariates. Hypertension was examined as a possible effect modifier as well.Results: The mean age was 56.8 years, 69% were male, and 31% were diabetic. During the 24 months follow-up period, 196 (64.1%) had incident HF. On multivariate Cox regression, DM was significantly associated with incident HF [Hazard Ratio = 2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32-3.14, p = 0.001]. Furthermore, when the patients were stratified by hypertension (HTN), DM was associated with worse prognosis, the strongest association being in those with co-existing DM and HTN [HR = 2.57,95% CI =1.66-3.98, p<0.0001] followed by the presence of DM without HTN [HR 2.27, 95% CI = 1.38-3.71, p=0.001] (compared to those with neither). Conclusion: DM is the strongest predictor of incident HF, compared to other traditional risk factors, in Ethiopian patients with IHD. Those with both DM and HTN are at the highest risk.
Rno-microRNA-30c-5p promotes myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats through activating NF-κB pathway and targeting SIRT1.
Authors: Chen Jianfeng , Zhang Mingming , Zhang Shouyan , Wu Junlong , Xue Shufeng
Published: March 2020

Background: This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of rno-microRNA-30c-5p (rno-miR-30c-5p) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in rats and the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods: A rat model of myocardial IR injury was established. The infarct size was detected by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The pathologic changes of myocardial tissues were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The apoptosis of myocardial cells was measured by TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of rno-miR-30c-5p and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, p-IκBα, IκBα, p-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65 and SIRT1 was detected by Western blot. The interaction between rno-miR-30c-5p and SIRT1 was predicted by TargetScan, and further identified by dual luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation assay.Results: The myocardial IR injury model was successfully established in rats. IR induced the myocardial injury in rats and increased the expression of rno-miR-30c-5p. Overexpression of rno-miR-30c-5p enhanced the inflammation, promoted the apoptosis, and activated NF-κB pathway in IR myocardial cells. SIRT1 was the target gene of rno-miR-30c-5p. Silencing of SIRT1 reversed the effects of rno-miR-30c-5p inhibitor on the apoptosis and NF-κB pathway in IR myocardial cells.Conclusions: Rno-miR-30c-5p promoted the myocardial IR injury in rats through activating NF-κB pathway and down-regulating SIRT1.
Protocol for the process evaluation of a cluster randomised controlled trial to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of independent pharmacist prescribing in care home: the CHIPPS study
Authors: Bond Christine , Holland Richard , Alldred David , Arthur Antony , Baton Garry , Birt Linda , Blyth Annie , Desborough James , Ford Joanna , Handford Christine , Hill Helen , Hughes Camel , Maskrey Vivienne , Myint Phyo , Norris Nigel , Poland Fiona , Shepstone Lee , Zermansky Arnold , Wright David
Published: March 2020

Background: Prescribing, monitoring and administration of medicines in care homes could be improved. A cluster RCT is ongoing to evaluate the effectiveness of an independent prescribing pharmacist assuming responsibility for medicines management in care homes compared to usual care. Aims and Objectives: To conduct a mixed methods process evaluation of the RCT, in line with MRC process evaluation guidance, to inform interpretation of main trial findings and if the service is found to be effective and efficient, to inform subsequent implementation. Objectives:1. To describe the intervention as delivered in terms of quality, quantity, adaptations and variations across triads and time. 2. To explore the effects of individual intervention components on the primary outcomes.3. To investigate the mechanisms of action. 4. To describe the perceived effectiveness of relevant intervention components (including PIP training and care home staff training) from participant (GP, care home, PIP and resident/relative) perspectives.5. To describe the characteristics of GP, care home, PIP and resident participants to assess reach.6. To estimate the extent to which intervention delivery is normalised among the intervention healthcare professionals and related practice staff.Methods: A mix of quantitative (surveys, record reviews) and qualitative (interviews) approaches will be used to collect data on the extent of the delivery of detailed tasks required to implement the new service, to collect data to confirm the mechanism of action as hypothesised in the logic model, to collect explanatory process and final outcome data, and data on contextual factors which could have facilitated or hindered effective and efficient delivery of the service. Discussion: Recruitment is ongoing and the trial should complete in early 2020. The systematic and comprehensive approach that is being adopted will ensure data is captured on all aspects of the study, and allow a full understanding of the implementation of the service and the RCT findings. With so many interrelated factors involved it is important that a process evaluation is undertaken to enable us to identify which elements of the service were deemed to be effective, explain any differences seen, and identify enablers, barriers and future adaptions. Trial Registration ISRCTN 17847169 Date registered: 15/12/2017Link: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17847169
Parents’ and healthcare professionals’ perceptions of the use of live video recording in neonatal units: A focus group study
Authors: BRIS Aude LE , MAZILLE Nadia , SIMONOT Pauline , LUHERNE Maude , FLAMANT Cyril , GASCOIN Geraldine , Laighin Gearóid Ó , HARTE Richard , PLADYS Patrick
Published: March 2020

Background: The emerging use of video in neonatology units raises ethical and practical questions. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the suitability, limitations and constraints concerning the use of live video as a tool in neonatal clinical practice. The perceptions of parents and healthcare professionals in regard to live video were examined. Methods: Nine focus groups were conducted in four neonatal units involving 20 healthcare professionals and 19 parents. Data were triangulated using transcripts and field notes and analyzed using inductive and semantic thematic analysis.Results: The seven major themes that emerged from the healthcare professionals focus groups were (i) the impact of video recording on healthcare professionals’ behavior; (ii) the impact on parents; (iii) forensic issues ;(iv) guarantee of use; (v) benefits for the newborn; (vi) methodology of use; and (vii) technical considerations & feasibility. The five major themes that emerged from parents focus groups were (i) benefits for the newborn and care enhancement; (ii) impact on parents and potential benefits in case of newborn child/parent separation; (iii) informed consent and guarantee of use;(iv) concern about a possible disruptive impact on healthcare professionals; and (v) data protection. Conclusion: Both parents and healthcare professionals found video recording useful and acceptable if measures were taken to protect the data and mitigate any negative impacts on healthcare professionals.
Study on the influence mechanism of underground mineral element Fe(II) on Cr(VI) transformation under subsurface and groundwater interaction zones
Authors: Zheng Yiru , Liu Shuguang , Dai Chaomeng , Duan Yanping , Makhinov Aleksei Nikolavich , Hon Leong Kah , Júnior José Tavares Araruna
Published: March 2020

Background: With the acceleration of urbanization, heavy metal contamination in subsurface water and groundwater is becoming more and more serious, and the interaction between surface water and underground water is an important factor that can’t be ignored. Based on the change of oxygen content in surface water and groundwater environment, this research mainly studied the influencing factors and mechanism of underground mineral element Fe (II) on the morphological transformation of heavy metal Cr (VI) under the condition of surface groundwater interaction, and simulates the interaction process of subsurface groundwater by changing the dissolved oxygen content in the redox reaction system of dissolved Fe (II) and Cr (VI). The influence mechanism of pH, Fe (II): Cr (VI), groundwater hardness ion and humic acid on the morphological transformation of Cr (VI) was investigated. Results: The results showed that the content of DO did affect the conversion of Cr (VI) by Fe (II). pH had a great influence on the redox reaction: while pH=3~5,the reaction rate of Fe (II) and Cr (VI) and the removal rate of Cr (VI) decreased with the increase of pH; while pH=6~8, the reaction rate and the removal of Cr (VI) increased with the increase of pH. When Fe (II) : Cr (VI)=3:1, the reaction of Fe (II) and Cr (VI) is affected by DO；when Fe (II) : Cr (VI) is 1:1, 2:1, 4:1 and 5:1, DO has no obvious effect on the reaction. Groundwater hardness ions can greatly promote the redox reaction. When humic acid exists in the reaction system, the Fe (III) formed by the oxidation of Fe (II) by Cr (VI) will once again be converted into soluble Fe (II), the reduction of humic acid further promote the redox reaction between Fe (II) and Cr (VI), and promote the conversion of Cr (VI) by Fe (II) more effectively. Moreover, the higher the concentration of humic acid, the higher the removal rate of Cr (VI). Conclusions: The research results have practical guiding significance for groundwater contamination prediction, pollution control and remediation, integrated water resources management and the construction of sponge city in China.
Trends of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Adigrat General Hospital, Eastern zone, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Abay Getachew Kahsu , Hailay Bahlibi
Published: March 2020

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. The global emergence of mono- or multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis poses a considerable challenge to tuberculosis control programs. There has been no reliable and organized data on trends and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in the Adigrat General Hospital, eastern zone, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Adigrat General Hospital from January 2015 to 2018. Data were collected retrospectively from the GenexpertTM TB registration books using a data extraction format. Data was entered into Epi-Info 3.1 and subsequently exported and analyzed using SPSS Version 20. The results were summarized using descriptive statistics, tables, and figures. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Result: A total of 5,944 Mycobacterium tuberculosis presumptive patients were included in the study. The majority of the study participants were male (58.1%) with participants’ median age of 40.0 (IQR 57, 26) years, the majority were 30-44 years. The overall positive cases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 24.3% (1446) with a total of 132 (9.1%) found to be resistant to rifampicin. Within the total Rifampicin resistant sub-group, 129/132 (97.7 %) were newly identified cases and the rest were previously treated, tuberculosis patients. Age, the reason for diagnosis, site of presumptive tuberculosis, and/or being HIV infected showed significant association with our dependent variable; however, only age and being HIV infected were associated with rifampicin resistance.Conclusion: In our study, the overall trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance were found to be high and gradually increasing. HIV co-infected and previously treated patients were more likely to develop rifampicin resistance. Therefore, maximizing early detection of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and strengthening tuberculosis infection control activities are recommended to reduce the burden of this contagious and potentially deadly disease.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Lima Clovis Ricardo Montenegro de
Published: March 2020

Apresentação
IDENTIDADE PADRÃO DE COMUNICAÇÃO DIGITAL DO GOVERNO FEDERAL: uma análise à luz da metodologia Common Assessment Framework
Authors: Brennand Eládio José de Góes , Oliveira Mateus Lins de
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo apresenta a avaliação da Identidade Padrão de Comunicação Digital do Governo Federal (IDG) no âmbito da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), realizada através da ferramenta de autoavaliação Common Assessment Framework (CAF), a qual consiste em um Modelo de Gestão da Qualidade Total desenvolvido para uso na Administração Pública Europeia, cuja inspiração reside no Modelo de Excelência da Fundação Europeia para a Gestão de Qualidade. A IDG tem como premissas o foco no cidadão, a experiência digital comum, a acessibilidade e a economicidade. Trata-se de um conjunto de diretrizes, orientações, padrões e modelos criados pela Secretaria Especial de Comunicação Social da Presidência da República (SECOM) para padronizar os sites do Governo Federal. Diante das finalidades para as quais essa identidade foi criada, bem como a ampla abrangência e importância que ela detém perante o cidadão, viu-se a necessidade de investigar se as premissas definidas na IDG são atendidas na visão usuários que navegam nas referidas páginas governamentais, assim como na visão dos conteudistas que realizam as postagens dos conteúdos e atualizam as páginas web. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória junto aos usuários que acessam o site de duas Pró-Reitoras da UFPB, divididos em três categorias: os discentes que navegam no site da Pró-Reitoria de Assistência e Promoção ao Estudante (PRAPE); a comunidade externa que frequenta a UFPB, mas não possui nenhum tipo de vinculo com a instituição, mas acessa o site da Pró-Reitoria de Extensão e Assuntos Comunitários (PRAC); e os conteudistas de ambas as Pró-Reitorias. Os resultado apontaram  que os usuários identificam as premissas definidas pela IDG, a sua experiência única de navegação, seus elementos de acessibilidade e usabilidade, assim como, a sua importância para economia de recursos humanos e financeiros.Palavras-chave: Governo Eletrônico. Comunicação Digital. Gestão da Qualidade. Common Assessment Framework.
O DESAFIO DA TRANSFERÊNCIA DO CONHECIMENTO: um estudo de caso aplicado a uma grande empresa
Authors: Bott de Aquino Rodolfo , Bicudo de Castro Vicente
Published: March 2020

Os desdobramentos de diversas teorias a respeito da natureza e essência da firma vêm convergindo para a importância dos ativos intangíveis, notadamente a do conhecimento. Na literatura sobre gestão do conhecimento está presente a discussão sobre a codificação e internalização do conhecimento. O presente estudo procura identificar um ponto de partida para aprimorar o processo de aprendizado organizacional analisando-se um conjunto de ferramentas incorporadas às rotinas da firma em relação à sua função acessória de transferência do conhecimento. Para tanto, analisa-se a percepção da força de trabalho através da aplicação de um questionário. A partir desta análise foi possível constatar a validade de algumas ferramentas de trabalho como catalizadores da transferência do conhecimento, bem como mapear sugestões para aprimorar este processo.Palavras-chave: Gestão do conhecimento. Transferência do conhecimento. Economia organizacional.
GOVERNANÇA COMPARTILHADA PARA REDES INTERORGANIZACIONAIS DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA: o case da paralização dos caminhoneiros 2018
Authors: Moura Djairlon Henrique , Freire Patricia de Sá , Kempner-Moreira Fernanda Kempner
Published: March 2020

O contexto da sociedade do conhecimento tem emergido a efetividade das Redes Interorganizacionais como estratégia para dar conta da crescente complexidade do ambiente organizacional. Para resultados efetivos essas Redes Interorganizacionais necessitam de uma governança que permita o alcance dos objetivos comuns, o que demanda o estabelecimento de mecanismos adequados Em um país cujo modal rodoviário é responsável por 80% da movimentação das riquezas, a paralização dos caminhoneiros em 2018 demandou articulação entre diversas organizações de segurança pública para atuar nesta situação complexa. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a influência dos mecanismos de governança das Redes Interorganizacionais para a melhoria da atuação da segurança pública em situações complexas. A análise do relatório produzido pelo Comitê de Crise da PRF durante o movimento sinaliza a necessidade da formação de uma Rede Interorganizacional na segurança pública, a fim de uma atuação mais efetiva nas diversas situações complexas que envolvem este setor.Palavras-chave: Gestão do conhecimento. Transferência do conhecimento. Economia organizacional.
INTERVENÇÃO SOCIAL EM SAÚDE EDUCATIVA POR MEIO DE HORTA COMUNITÁRIA URBANA EM PARAGOMINAS - PARÁ
Authors: Pereira Lemos Maria Lopes
Published: March 2020

Apresenta-se, neste artigo, uma prática de intervenção social sobre a temática da educação em saúde da família, uma ação dinâmica e em diálogo com os sujeitos protagonistas. Teve-se como objetivo desenvolver uma experiência de reflexão-ação na produção de hortaliças sob orientação quanto ao cultivo, colheita, manipulação e confecção de alimentos saudáveis, por meio de uma horta comunitária urbana de base agroecológica, situada no bairro Promissão III, no município de Paragominas no estado do Pará. Buscou-se desenvolver boas práticas de alimentação saudável como condição de saúde e bem-estar. Tratou-se de uma estratégia de saúde da família.Palavras-chave: Educação em Saúde. Trabalho Social. Qualidade de Vida. Hortas Comunitárias.
A ECONOMIA DE FRANCISCO
Authors: Lisboa Armando de Melo
Published: March 2020

Neste artigo discute-se sobre a “economia de Francisco”, pois diante da grave "crise ecológica" em que se vive o Papa Francisco sempre buscou um diálogo com todos acerca da nossa casa comum, tentando ajudar a construir o futuro do planeta. Em maio de 2015, o pontífice promulgou a encíclica Laudato Si (LS) reafirmando as linhas centrais em economia de sua exortação apostólica Evangelii Gaudium (EG), buscando eliminar as causas estruturais das disfunções da economia mundial e corrigir os modelos de crescimento que parecem incapazes de garantir o respeito do meio ambiente. Centrada na dimensão ecológica, LS aprofunda as causas das "mudanças climáticas" e as razões que levam à depredação dos recursos da terra e à deterioração da qualidade de vida: são as "formas imediatistas de entender a economia", a "serviço da finança e do consumismo". Mais precisamente, são "as novas formas de poder derivadas do paradigma tecno-econômico" e o seu “poder tremendo” que impele à degradação ambiental e da vida. Reluzindo entre as posições tecnofóbicas e tecnófilas encontramos a rara figura de Romano Guardini que, de forma sábia, soube forjar uma síntese entre as “falsas dialéticas” que ainda nos aprisionam. Os ensinamentos de Guardini não contrapõem a cultura ecológica à tecnológica, como propõe o Papa Francisco, mas indicam que o Cristianismo deve compreender, assumir e dialogar criticamente com o mundo da tecnologia e do antropoceno.Palavras-chave: Economia de Francisco. Laudato Si. Cultura ecológica.
Critical Analysis of Pumped Storage Power Plants in Germany
Authors: Novak David
Published: March 2020

Purpose: Anyone who wants to generate substantial amounts of electricity using regenerative systems must store excess energy so that it can be used again for times when it is needed but not generated by the sun and wind. Pumped storage power plants are currently the only way to present this on a larger scale realistically.Design/methodology/approach: The aim was to find out what the current status quo for pumped storage power plants in Germany is. Only current German literature was evaluated. All relevant German political parties were interviewed and all generally refused to take a position. In a longer expert interview with one of the leading professors and experts in this special field, the deeply unsatisfactory situation and development was clearly confirmed.Findings: The findings achieved can only be described as devastating, since the responsible politicians/parties fundamentally avoid the discussion and the environmental associations and ultimately also the electricity suppliers do not build up the necessary political pressure, while the locally affected population legally defends itself by all means to prevent necessary and directly related changes in your own life.Research/practical implications: In the previous form, it does not go on, since no progress has been made. There must be concerted action by all governing parties, all environmental associations and the media to make it clear that many changes are pending in this area in the future. All future and necessary investments and changes must be legally clear and fundamentally secured in advance. Future research must always stand on three legs here: politically/legally, economically/ecologically and most intensively, sociologically about the population and their approval of the changes, which are sometimes serious.Originality/value: There are hardly any relevant publications about it so far, and it seems that all politically responsible people are trying, at least so far, to keep the topic silent.
The Translation of Reiteration
Authors: Astiari Komang , Budiarta I Wayan , Pratama Agus Darma Yoga
Published: March 2020

Lexical cohesion has been a serious issue as it is one of the important features in a text. Every writer must consider kinds of lexical devices in writing a text and so do the translator. The main problem in translating the lexical cohesion devices is the different structure between two languages. One device can be applied in one language but not in other language. This journal analyzed the translation of reiteration as part of lexical cohesion devices appeared in the short stories The Black Cat and The Cask of Amontillado written by American writer, Edgar Allan Poe. The short stories were translated by two Indonesian translators namely Anton Kurnia and Shinta Dewi. This research is conducted to share the practice of translating literature works especially a short story which contains a lot of lexical cohesion devices and to give contribution to the development of translation as part of linguistic studies. In doing the research, qualitative and quantitative method is applied including observation, interviews, or document reviews. In the source text, it was found 120 of lexical cohesion devices in the short story ”The Cask of Amontillado” and 187 lexical cohesion devices in the short story “The Black Cat”. The results obtained from this research were that Anton Kurnia translated 73% of lexical cohesion devices in the source language into the target language. Meanwhile, Shinta Dewi translated 94% of lexical cohesion devices in the source text to the target text.
Monitoreo de nitratos en los drenajes de palma aceitera (Elaeis guineensis): una herramienta para la sostenibilidad del cultivo
Authors: Hernández Alpizar Laura , Mora Molina Jesús , Coy Herrera Ricardo
Published: March 2020

Introducción: La pérdida del nitrógeno adicionado en fertilizantes a las plantaciones de palma aceitera (Elaeis guineensis), ocurre principalmente por arrastre pluvial o lixiviación de nitratos, los cuales impactan cuerpos de agua receptores y ecosistemas asociados. Las pérdidas pueden afectar el desarrollo sostenible de la actividad. Objetivo: Evaluamos el monitoreo de nitratos en drenajes agrícolas de un cultivo de palma aceitera, como herramienta para la toma de decisiones de aplicación del fertilizante y reducción de pérdidas. Metodología: Analizamos la concentración de nitratos en cuatro drenajes ubicados en suelo con cultivo de palma de distinta clase textural, con condiciones homogéneas de edad de la plantación, clima y tipo de fertilización, antes y después de eventos de fertilización. Estimamos la carga de nitratos, QNO3- (mgs-1), las diferencias estadísticas y de tendencia en los drenajes. Resultados: QNO3- aumenta después de la fertilización, pero existe una diferencia significativa en la varianza de los grupos (0,000033, alfa=0.05) determinada por la variación de QNO3- del drenaje ubicado en suelo de clase textural arcillosa (Q4). La QNO3- exhibe una velocidad de crecimiento más positiva y una disminución posterior más negativa en Q4 que en el drenaje de suelo de clase textural arenosa. Discusión: Las diferencias de QNO3- en los drenajes se relaciona con la clase textural del suelo drenado, el desarrollo de las raíces y la profundidad a la que suceden los procesos de lavado, asimilación, lixiviación y procesamiento de nitratos. Conclusión: El monitoreo de nitratos en los drenajes de este cultivo permite estimar la tendencia de QNO3- relacionada con la clase textural del suelo, y visualizar la velocidad de pérdidas por lixiviación o lavado pluvial. Recomendamos el monitoreo de QNO3- en los drenajes de palma aceitera para tomar decisiones sobre la aplicación reducida o retrasada de fertilizante con el fin de reducir pérdidas.
Fieldwork in practice: Thoughts from the pre-fieldwork armchair
Authors: Staples James
Published: March 2020

While fieldwork in a place already known to the researcher brings with it a list of specific advantages and disadvantages, it also encounters many of the same methodological and ethical considerations common to all ethnographic research. Written pre-fieldwork, this paper anticipates some of these issues – from interview techniques and participant observation to the researcher’s own relationship to the research – and invites the reader to respond.
Alternative pedagogy of learning and teaching Anthropology: Process and legitimisation
Authors: Shrestha Celayne Heaton , Kurihara Tomoko , Rigi Jakob
Published: March 2020

This paper is a first attempt at presenting a multi-authored ethnography of e@tm in its second year. It is open to further elaboration through the contributions of readers. It aims to investigate the contradictions inherent in our own practice, as subalterns within an academic institution attempting to create a space for the production of alternative but equally legitimate knowledges. The notions of communitas, and creativity or innovation which the formation of communitas supports, have been used in the past to describe this seminar, but as practices, these can in some instances sit uneasily together. Here their coexistence is found to be rendered problematic through the requirements of legitimisation of the seminar and the form this process takes.
Ethnographic quandries and everyday life puzzles - Bakhtin and the study of others
Authors: Herold David
Published: March 2020

Drawing on Bakhtin’s writings on representation and dialogue, a critical look is taken on the application of debate during fieldwork. If academic debate lacks openness and the space to change one’s mind, what does this say for the manner in which we engage with the people we do research with during fieldwork? It is argued that both elements of participant-observation make it impossible to achieve dialogue; to do so involves outlining and arguing our opinions and judgements together with the people whom we research, even if this sometimes leads to disagreement. Starting a first draft of a write-up while in the field and using this as a departure for discussion is put forward as one means of achieving such an exchange of opinion.
Representing Rwanda: Questions and Challenges
Authors: Eltringham Nigel
Published: March 2020

While members of the Rwandan political élite, both in power and in exile, do not deny that the 1994 genocide occurred, there are significant differences in how they explain its cause, and the degree of context they consider necessary for a ‘true’ representation of the conflict to emerge. Despite this, recent journalistic works on Rwanda present a monovocal, ‘factual’ narrative about the genocide. While such narratives are clearly attractive to a wider readership, anthropology’s concern to give voice to competing representations as a cause, rather than subsidiary feature of conflict places researchers in a sensitive and difficult position. To what extent do anthropological treatments of conflict necessarily oppose such ‘factual’ narratives, or can they be regarded as complementary?
Ethical Webs: Some Reflections on Writing up and Publication
Authors: Lüdtke Karen
Published: March 2020

The impact of research and publications on the communities studied by anthropologists raises crucial ethical issues. I discuss some of these issues here on the basis of my research experiences in Puglia. This Southern Italian region is sometimes described as a ‘landmark on the anthropological tourist map,’ due to the extensive interest that the curative tradition of tarantism, indigenous to this area, has attracted.
Dressed for Fieldwork: Sartorial borders and negotiations
Authors: Mookherjee Nayanika
Published: March 2020

Deciding what to wear is one of the ways in which people try to pin down meaning, and control both presentations and interpretations of selfhood. This paper explores this negotiation of meaning in the context of the clothing practices of the ethnographer, and the judgements that are made by people in the field based on the former’s sartorial expressions. This brings to light the dialectic process of reification of identity that exists on both sides. The paper further argues that in order to understand how clothing relates to, or creates social identity, one needs to know how clothed bodies are located in a particular setting. Such an approach necessarily includes an interrogation of the clothing practices of the ethnographer.
Far away, so close: Some notes on participant observation during fieldwork in Nepal and England
Authors: Wilmore Michael
Published: March 2020

Participant observation has been the subject of intense debate amongst anthropologists in recent years, but it continues to be the methodological foundation of research within our discipline. Little thought has been given, however, to the extent to which a researcher’s participation in a social milieu can be properly assessed. I examine this issue in the light of two periods of participatory research in contrasting social environments, that of academic archaeology in the UK and a rapidly modernising, urban community in Nepal. I argue that participation is not simply a matter of ‘acting like’ or ‘doing things like’ people of another society. Instead, a researcher’s participation is a concomitant of his or her own changing socio-political position, and must be compared with the diversity of subject positions within the host society if the character of this participation is to be properly understood.
Unsuitable subject, or the rise and fall of arctic dreams
Authors: Hirano Mari
Published: March 2020

In what follows, Mari Hirano addresses an issue that many of us will recognise as informing the initial decisions we make as postgraduate students when deciding between a choice of possible research projects. The reasons why we decide not to research particular topics is seldom written about or discussed in other than informal settings, however, and it is this process that Mari addresses in the following contribution – EDITOR.
Identity/Identities and Fieldwork: Studying Homeopathy and Tai Chi 'at home' in South London
Authors: Barry Christine
Published: March 2020

This reflexive paper presents the issues around my changing identity/identities during, and after, ethnographic fieldwork "at home" in South London, studying homeopathy and Tai Chi in the community. I will firstly explore this change of identity as a rite of passage using Wengle's notion of symbolic death of identity. This analysis, while useful, is limited in that it can be seen to over-essentialise the concept of identity. I will go on to show how my shifting identities in and after fieldwork were not solely the result of an individual psychological process but were constructed in contextual interaction with others as an embodied participant. It is my belief that ‘going native’ aided my understanding of the embodied experience of being part of alternative groups, but made coming out of the field a difficult time emotionally.
Shaming of the Anthropologist: Ethical Dilemmas during and in the Aftermath of the Fieldwork Process
Authors: Burr Rachel
Published: March 2020

This paper focuses on ethical dilemmas encountered during the fieldwork process. Questions are raised about the extent to which anthropologists should become involved in, and possibly alter, the experiences of the people they conduct participant observation among. Here it is argued that although much is written about ethics in anthropology, anthropologists do not make explicit clear guidelines concerning the level at which they should become involved in the communities they study. It is suggested that there is currently a divide between those who believe they should retain distance in the field and those who support some forms of local activism or other types of involvement. I present my experience of doing research in Vietnam among children who were at possible risk of contracting the AIDS virus and who, in the aftermath of fieldwork being completed, tested HIV positive. The paper also explores ways in which we can continue to draw on such experiences once we have returned from doing fieldwork.
The Junior, the Transient and the Real: Challenges of pre- and post-appointment teaching
Authors: Oliver Caroline
Published: March 2020

This paper considers the diversityof experiences that confront first time lecturers over a number of years. Comparing the author’s experiences as a postgraduate/lecturer and lecturer at two different universities, it stresses the need for an awareness of the wealth of different scenarios or stages facing new lecturers. The paper compares the author’s experience of temporary, insecure, short-notice but invaluable ‘in-house’ experiences with experiences at her first proper appointment achieved through the rite of passage of the successful interview. The paper analyses how overlapping but nonetheless distinct pressures and relative comforts and discomforts govern each stage. It documents from an ethnographic perspective how casualisation of employment prolongs the initiation process. In particular, casualisation renders difficult the ability to meet the conflicting and contradictory expectations of the institution, both on a day-to-day level and in the long-term.
Surveillance and techniques of disciplinary selfhood: Notes towards the transmission of anthropological knowledge.
Authors: Harper Ian
Published: March 2020

In the last two years, during which time I was simultaneously writing up my thesis, I have taught at three different universities. Having not worked as a Teaching Assistant, I launched immediately into being responsible for both the development of course content, lecturing and the running of seminars. During the development of the paper, it was suggested that I might wish to share some of the experiences – before they get lost – of this move to teaching. In this experientially driven (and not particularly theoretically informed) narrative, then, I share my sense of how, and under what conditions, I developed both the contents for the courses for which I was responsible, as well as some of the teaching styles I used. I also sketch some of the forces - not all of which I am fully conscious of - that have assisted in molding these forms of knowledge to be institutionally transmitted to students of the discipline.
Cultures in the Classroom: Teaching Anthropology as a "Foreigner" in the UK.
Authors: Fechter Anne-Meike
Published: March 2020

Corsin-Jimenez (2003) provides us with the image of 'teaching the field'. I take up the related notion of 'the classroom as field', namely, looking through an anthropological lens at teaching anthropology as a non-British national in UK universities. I discuss some of the limitations and possibilities arising from this situation, and their impact on teaching and learning processes. I suggest that viewing the classroom as a field-site highlights parallels between the anthropologist as fieldworker and the 'foreign' anthropology teacher. One relation between the two is that the personality of fieldworkers influences the way they are able to conduct their research, how the informants are going to view them, and how the researchers might understand what is happening in the field. As has been pointed out, this condition is inescapable. It is possible, however, to become aware of these processes and trace their implications. I suggest that the same holds for 'foreigners' teaching anthropology in the UK. Their 'non-Britishness' will inevitably shape their teaching, presenting limitations as well as advantages. Obviously, being a 'foreign' anthropology teacher only constitutes one of many characteristics that might become relevant in teaching: differences such as gender, age, or ethnicity can all play a role. For the present, however, I specifically address 'foreignness'.
Rites of Passage or Exploitation? Teaching Social Anthropology, Class Relations and Institutional Change in Two British Universities
Authors: Gibb Robert
Published: March 2020

In this paper I discuss my experience of teaching and researching in two different British universities in the late 1990s in order to develop a number of arguments about the place of teaching in the making and un-making of professional / academic anthropologists. Not all of the issues I raise, however, can be formulated as questions of ‘boundaries’ or ‘identities’ (in the way the title and rubric of this panel suggest [2] ), although for some of them this is indeed appropriate. Thus, while it is true that the nature of disciplinary borders and identities emerge as key concerns, my material also draws attention to contemporary employment and managerial practices in higher education, as well as to the reproduction of various forms of social division (notably along class lines). As the rubric of this panel recognises, it is in fact the re-organisation of sets of hierarchical social relations characterised by domination and exploitation which often lies behind current changes in higher education (as in other social fields). In my view, the boundary concept is not the most useful tool with which to analyse such processes, and in particular the power relations and structural inequalities involved. For this reason, I will refer instead to social divisions and status hierarchies in the section of the paper that deals with these wider issues.