bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTUDIO DE MONOCAPAS DE BROMUROS ALQUÍLICOS EN SUPERFICIES HIDROGENADAS DE SILICIO (100)
Authors: Obregón Rodríguez Yris Del Pilar , Mayor Sánchez César R.
Published: February 2020

Las monocapas orgánicas de cadenas alquílicas saturadas enlazadas al sustrato de silicio son usadas para el desarrollo de dispositivos con importantes propiedades electrónicas. En este estudio, gracias al empleo de las moléculas 10-bromo-1-deceno y 11-bromo- 1-undeceno en superficies de silicio, se logra la formación de un sistema potencialmente aplicable en la modificación de los grupos terminales de la cadena carbonada en las monocapas orgánicas, es decir la funcionalización de la monocapa permitiendo un mejor transporte de carga a través de las moléculas. La superficie de silicio (libre de óxidos) se pasivó por hidrogenación. Respecto a la formación de la monocapa orgánica, la superficie de silicio hidrogenada fue sometida a 200°C con cada una de las moléculas orgánicas mencionadas. Tanto la superficie hidrogenada como las monocapas orgánicas fueron caracterizadas por medición del ángulo de contacto entre gotas de agua y la superficie, y microscopía de fuerza atómica. Finalmente, mediante cálculos moleculares a nivel 3-21(G) sobre clusters de Si7H6, Si7H15C10H20Br y Si7H15C11H22Br, se proponen posibles reacciones de formación de las monocapas orgánicas estudiadas experimentalmente. Palabras clave: monocapas alquílicas en Si (100), ángulo de contacto, microscopía de fuerza atómica (AFM), clusters de hidruros de silicio.
OPTIMIZACIÓN DEL RENDIMIENTO DE LA EXTRACCIÓN DE ACEITE DE SEMILLAS DE Vitis vinifera CON CO2 SUPERCRÍTICO
Authors: Barriga Sánchez Maritza , Churata Huanca Anna , Tinoco Gómez Óscar
Published: February 2020

Se optimizó el rendimiento de la extracción de aceite de la semilla de uva, variedad Quebranta, con el método superficie respuesta (MSR), se consideraron tres factores: presión (Pbar), temperatura (T) y flujo de CO2 (F), las variables respuesta fueron el rendimiento de aceite, el valor peróxido (POV) y anisidina. Se caracterizó la semilla y estableció el tamaño de partícula de la semilla para la extracción de aceite. Se realizaron las extracciones según el diseño MSR y se calcularon los rendimientos de aceite, POV y anisidina. Se determinó la composición de ácidos grasos por cromatografía de gases y la actividad antioxidante por reducción del radical 1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) del aceite optimizado obtenido con CO2 y del extraído con hexano (testigo). La Pbar, T y F ejercieron efecto significativo sobre el rendimiento, pero no ejercieron efecto sobre el POV y anisidina. Los resultados son prometedores para añadir valor agregado a la semilla, residuo de la elaboración de pisco ya que el aceite contenía 66,45 % de ácido linoléico; 20,05 % de ácido oleico y una capacidad antioxidante de 7,80 mM equivalente a Trolox.
CARACTERIZACIÓN E INCORPORACIÓN DE NANOPARTÍCULAS INDUSTRIALES DE SiO2 EN CEMENTO PORTLAND TIPO 1
Authors: Osorio Anaya Ana María , Dueñas Morales Francisco , Aquino Granados Pablo , Chero Osorio Sheyla , Condemarin Vargas Rosalina
Published: February 2020

A través del presente estudio se evaluó el tamaño de nanopartículas industriales de dióxido de silicio (NPs-SiO2) y su influencia en propiedades mecánicas de resistencia a la compresión en muestras de cemento Portland tipo 1 tras su incorporación en un 4 % en peso para la formación de morteros, según la norma ASTM C 109. A través de la caracterización realizada por DR-X se observa que las NPs-SiO2 presentan un tamaño aproximado de 12,1nm ± 0,3nm y son amorfas. Para las mediciones por TEM se determinó que presentan tamaños entre 10 a 20 nm, en tanto que el tamaño hidrodinámico medido por DLS fue de 11,6nm ± 0,7nm. En cuanto a la adición del 4 % w de NPs-SiO2 en muestras de cemento Portland tipo 1, se obtuvo incrementos de resistencias a la compresión en promedio de 20,82 kgf/cm2 al término de 28 días, en comparación con cementos del mismo tipo sin adición de nanopartículas de sílice.
DETERMINACIÓN DE LOS PARÁMETROS DE PROCESAMIENTO QUE MAXIMICEN EL RENDIMIENTO Y LA ESTABILIDAD DEL NÉCTAR DE UNGURAHUI (Oenocarpus bataua, C. Martius)
Authors: Fuentes Gómez María Cecilia , Guevara Pérez Américo
Published: February 2020

Se evaluó los parámetros de procesamiento que maximicen el rendimiento de la pulpa y la estabilidad del néctar de ungurahui, mediante las metodologías de Taguchi y Superficie de Respuesta. La materia prima utilizada procedió de la localidad de Yurimaguas, Región Loreto - Perú, y fue sometida a procesos de pesado, selección, clasificación, lavado, desinfectado, maduración, pulpeado, refinado, filtrado, estandarizado (para formular el néctar), pasteurizado, envasado, enfriado y almacenado. En la primera etapa se obtuvieron los parámetros de maduración y pulpeado (T°: 51,99°C, tiempo: 1,74 h, fruta recolectada: agua en la maduración (1:3), fruta madurada: agua en el pulpeado (1: 0,75)), que optimizaron el rendimiento (37,33 %) de pulpa de ungurahui. En la segunda etapa se determinó los parámetros de estandarizado (pulpa: agua (1:1,33), porcentaje de gomas: xantana (0,02 %); arábiga (0,03 %); carboximetil celulosa (0,06 %), y lecitina (0,02 %)) que optimizaron la estabilidad (2,27 x10-8 ml (nivel de aro en la superficie de la botella)) del néctar de ungurahui. El producto terminado tuvo buena aceptabilidad de textura, sabor y color. Asimismo, los recuentos bajos de aerobios mesofilos viables (10 UFC/ml), levaduras (<1UFC/ml) y mohos (< 1UFC/ml), aseguraron la calidad del producto obtenido.
ANÁLISIS PROXIMAL Y CUANTIFICACIÓN DE ANTOCIANINAS TOTALES EN Zea mays VARIEDAD MORADA SOMETIDO A DIFERENTES PROCESOS DE SECADO
Authors: Valle Campos Manuel , García Ceccarelli Jorge , Laos Anchante Doris , Yarasca Carlos Eliades , Loyola Gonzales Eddie , Surco-Laos Felipe
Published: February 2020

El Zea mays, variedad morada, es una planta oriunda de América que tiene el grano y la coronta de color morado, gracias a las antocianinas que son los pigmentos que le confieren este color. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar la influencia de los diversos procedimientos de secado del maíz morado que ejecutan los productores del valle de Ica, sobre la composición químico proximal y el contenido de antocianinas totales. Se aplicó 5 procedimientos de secado, los que se codificaron de T1 a T5 y se analizó las corontas y los granos por separado; se observa que los diferentes tratamientos no afectan significativamente la composición químico proximal de la coronta ni del grano; sin embargo, los tratamientos 3 y 4 preservaron un mayor contenido de antocianinas en la coronta (1513 y 1516 mg/100g), mientras que el tratamiento 2 preservó un mayor contenido de antocianina en el grano (907,1 mg/100g).
ESTUDIO DE LA BIODEGRADACIÓN DE RESIDUOS DE ACEITE LUBRICANTE RETENIDOS EN BENTONITA USANDO EL CONSORCIO BACTERIANO OIL EATING MICROBES (Rodhococus, Pseudomonas y Bacillus)
Authors: Chirre Flores Jaqueline , Erazo Erazo Raymundo , Patiño Gabriel Alejandro
Published: February 2020

La inadecuada disposición final de residuos industriales peligrosos, tal como la bentonita usada en los procesos de refinación de lubricantes automotrices contaminados, genera una serie de impactos ambientales negativos en los recursos agua, aire y suelo. Para contribuir en la minimización de estos impactos, el propósito de la presente investigación fue evaluar la capacidad de biodegradación de una muestra de aceite lubricante automotriz atrapado en arcilla bentonita, utilizando el consorcio bacteriano Oil Eating Microbes (Rodhococus pyridinivorans, Pseudomonas montielli y Bacillus sp.). Para obtener el máximo rendimiento de la biodegradación del aceite (reducción de hidrocarburos totales de petróleo en la arcilla), por el consorcio bacteriano, se realizaron dos pruebas experimentales en un biorreactor de 5 litros de capacidad, donde se midieron la concentración de biodegradación de hidrocarburos totales de petróleo, la primera se realizó durante 13 días y la segunda en 59 días: se obtuvo rendimientos de menos del 2 % y 50% para la primera y segunda prueba, respectivamente, lo que muestra la reducción de la contaminación de la arcilla bentonita contaminada.
APLICACIÓN DE VOLTAMPEROMETRÍA DE REDISOLUCIÓN ANÓDICA PARA LA DETERMINACIÓN DE ANTIMONIO
Authors: Romero-Bonilla Hugo Ítalo , Vera-Infante Thalía Gabriela , Del Cisne Jumbo-Sari Jennifer , Franco Pesantez Freddis , Redrovan-Pesantez Felipe Fernando
Published: February 2020

Se validó un método voltamétrico para determinar la concentración de antimonio en medio acuoso. Se usó la técnica voltamperométrica de redisolución anódica, utilizando un potenciostato. Se aplicó cronoamperometría a E= -1,2 V durante 50 s. Se aplicó una voltametría de barrido lineal con potenciales entre Ei = -1,2 V y Ef = 0,5 V a una velocidad de 20 mV/s. Esto se llevó a cabo en solución electrolítica H3 PO4 0,5 M, donde se puede observar un incremento en el pico de intensidad de corriente en función de la concentración de las soluciones evaluadas a un potencial de 84,96 mV. Para validar el método se determinó la linealidad, precisión, límite de detección y límite de cuantificación. Se prepararon cuatro concentraciones de antimonio por triplicado, en un rango de 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/L, respectivamente. Se construyó una curva de calibración de concentración experimental expresada como intensidad de corriente (I) vs concentración teórica. La linealidad fue demostrada partiendo del coeficiente de proporcionalidad de 0,9979 con coeficiente de variación (CV) de 18,2 %. El límite de detección y cuantificación tuvieron valores de 1,041 mg/L y 1,718 mg/L, respectivamente.
EFECTO DE LA INCLUSIÓN DE DIFERENTES FUENTES LIPÍDICAS EN LA DIETA DE ENGORDE SOBRE EL PERFIL DE ÁCIDOS GRASOS POLIINSATURADOS EN FILETE DE PACO Piaractus brachypomus
Authors: Vásquez Quispesivana Wilfredo , Porturas Olaechea Raúl , Crispín Sánchez Fredy
Published: February 2020

La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de diferentes fuentes lipídicas en la dieta de engorde sobre el perfil de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados AGPI en los filetes de Piaractus brachypomus. Se utilizó cuatro tipos de aceite; palma, maíz, soja y pescado, para elaborar dietas cumpliendo los requerimientos nutricionales de la especie. Se alimentaron durante dos meses con estas cuatro dietas y se utilizó como control un alimento comercial. Se determinó el perfil de ácidos grasos en los aceites, en las dietas y en los filetes de Piaractus brachypomus antes y después del experimento. Los niveles de AGPI omega-6 como el ácido araquidónico (AA) y los AGPI omega-3 como el ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA) y el docosahexaenoico (DHA) fueron analizados. La dieta elaborada con aceite de pescado obtuvo el mejor perfil de AGPI en los filetes (2,11 %; 4,64 % y 7,0 % de AA; EPA y DHA, respectivamente), sin embargo, la fuente lipídica de origen vegetal, que mejor influyó en el incremento de ácidos grasos omega-3 en filete de Piaractus brachypomus (3,11 %; 0,82 % y 3,71 % de AA, EPA y DHA) fue el aceite de palma. Se demostró la capacidad de mejorar el perfil de AGPI en filetes de Piaractus brachypomus.
ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-CULTURAL DRIVERS OF NECESSITY AND OPPORTUNITY ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEPENDING ON THE BUSINESS CYCLE PHASE
Authors: Martínez-Rodriguez Isabel , Callejas-Albiñana Fernando E. , Callejas-Albiñana Ana Isabel
Published: February 2020

This paper offers an in-depth examination of the behavior of necessity- and opportunity driven entrepreneurship.
First, it considers their relevance to total entrepreneurial activity. It then seeks to determine which socio-cultural and economic factors
affect the two types of entrepreneurship, as well as their relative importance for a sample of 32 previously selected countries during
a period of expansion (2001–2008) and of crisis and recovery (2009–2016). The analyzed factors include monetary and fiscal policy instruments
(economic factors) and representative variables of governance and human capital (socio-cultural ones). The findings show that both necessity-
and opportunity-driven entrepreneurship largely explain the behavior of total entrepreneurial activity. They moreover show that the explanatory
factors of both kinds of entrepreneurship differ depending on the business cycle phase considered. These findings will be key to proposing
efficient economic policy measures to promote entrepreneurial activity and, thus, economic growth in different economies around the world.
In vitro Anti-influenza Activity of in silico Repurposed Candidate Drug Cycrimine
Authors: Matejin Stanislava , Bukreyeva Natalya , Radosevic Draginja , Sencanski Milan , Mantlo Emily , Veljkovic Veljko , Glisic Sanja , Paessler Slobodan
Published: February 2020

Background

Due to the limitations of current antiviral therapies because of drug resistance and the emergence of new circulating viral strains, novel effective antivirals are urgently needed. Results of the previous drug repurposing by virtual screening of DrugBank revealed the anticholinergic drug cycrimine as a possible inhibitor of the influenza virus infection.

Methods

In this study we examined the potential antiviral activity of cycrimine in vitro.

Results

The experimental results showed the anti-influenza activity of cycrimine against two different influenza A subtypes in cell culture.

Conclusions

The findings of this study suggest cycrimine as a potential therapeutic agent for influenza.
Evaluation of Mobile Apps Effectiveness in Children with Autism Social Training via Digital Social Stories
Authors: Stathopoulou Agathi , Loukeris Dionisis , Karabatzaki Zoe , Politi Evangelia , Salapata Yolanda , Drigas Athanasios
Published: February 2020

The emerging and widespread use of technology to support students with autism is evident by the growing number of studies investigating the use of technology-based interventions, including mobile technologies. Most of the recent research concerning the use of mobile apps has been focused on social stories effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of digital social stories on children with autism social skills acquisition. Three students with high functional autism were watching for one year social scenarios through an Android tablet solving social interaction problems. According to the results appropriate social behaviors in children with autism could be integrated for a long time.
Adoption and Diffusion of Hi-Technology Product and Related Inventory Policies
Authors: Nagpal Gaurav , Chanda Udayan
Published: February 2020

The objective of this review article is to study the published research on the inventory modeling and optimization for substitutable technology products with a short product life cycle. This review explains the demand dynamics of technology generation products and how to administer supply chain management of this kind of products than any other functional products. The article does a review of the demand models proposed on the diffusion of innovation products, and then, moves on to the literature review of the multi-item inventory models, followed by the literature review of the inventory modeling of substitutable items. In order to ensure the quality, this study covers the review of the research papers mostly published in reputed SCI or ABDC rated journals. The study discovers that the research that has been done on the inventory optimization of multi generation technology products is not only rare but also very restrictive in its scope and assumptions. The study then proposes the directions for the future research.
Document Alignment for Generation of English-Punjabi Comparable Corpora from Wikipedia
Authors: Goyal Vishal , Kumar Ajit , Lehal Manpreet Singh
Published: February 2020

Comparable corpora come as an alternative to parallel corpora for the languages where the parallel corpora is scarce. The efficiency of the models trained on comparable corpora is comparatively less to that of the parallel corpora however it helps to compensate much to the machine translation. In this article, the authors have explored Wikipedia as a potential source and delineated the process of alignment of documents which will be further used for the extraction of parallel data. The parallel data thus extracted will help to enhance the performance of Statistical Machine translation.
The Hyperception Model
Authors: Spottswood Erin , Carpenter Christopher J.
Published: February 2020

The hyperperception model was used to identify the importance of Facebook users knowing their romantic partner's Facebook friends in predicting romantic jealousy. A cross-sectional survey (N = 615) found that surveillance of romantic partners, knowing fewer of the partner's Facebook friends, and frequent interactions between the partner and unknown but not known friends on Facebook were all associated with romantic jealousy, which was in turn associated with a greater intention of leaving one's romantic partner. The data was also consistent with good fit for a path model integrating these bivariate relationships.
Latent Semantic Similarity in Initial Computer-Mediated Interactions
Authors: Ta Vivian P. , Ickes William
Published: February 2020

The development of latent semantic similarity (LSS; the extent to which interaction partners use words in the same way) was investigated in the initial computer-mediated interactions of 120 same-sex dyads in Study 1 and 111 same-sex dyads in Study 2. The significant effects in Study 2 replicated those obtained in Study 1. In both studies, the female-female dyads achieved higher LSS than the male-male dyads. Across all dyads, LSS decreased—rather than increased—over time. Comparisons of word usage over the course of the interactions suggested that the dyads were more motivated to achieve higher levels of LSS during the earliest phase of their initial interaction, but that this motivation tended to wane over time. An exception to this trend occurred in high extraversion dyads, where the level of LSS remained relatively high and consistent across the three time periods studied. A motivational interpretation of these findings is both plausible and parsimonious, and the present study is—to the best of our knowledge—the first to find evidence of motivational influences on LSS.
Performance Characteristics of Discrete-Time Queue With Variant Working Vacations
Authors: Laxmi P. Vijaya , Rajesh P.
Published: February 2020

This article analyzes an infinite buffer discrete-time single server queueing system with variant working vacations in which customers arrive according to a geometric process. As soon as the system becomes empty, the server takes working vacations. The server will take a maximum number K of working vacations until either he finds at least on customer in the queue or the server has exhaustively taken all the vacations. The service times during regular busy period, working vacation period and vacation times are assumed to be geometrically distributed. The probability generating function of the steady-state probabilities and the closed form expressions of the system size when the server is in different states have been derived. In addition, some other performance measures, their monotonicity with respect to K and a cost model are presented to determine the optimal service rate during working vacation.
Neuroeconomic Psychology
Authors: Larsen Torben
Published: February 2020

A neuroeconomic decision-making model identifies risk-preference as the basal parameter of economic behavior. Other studies show that persons differentiated by weak, medium, and strong risk-preference have separate behavioral patterns. However, general personality psychology identifies five different personality types. A study of the relationship between risk-preference and personality type shows complementarity and strong correlation between risk-preference and extreme personality types “extravert” and “risk-averter.” The moderated personality types “open-minded,” “respective,” “agreeable,” or “conscientious” behave risk neutral with an internal order according to degree of flexibility. The integrated model of neuroeconomic psychology operates in three complementary cognitive tools: general skills to differentiate between the five types of economic agents is relevant for collaboration; the substance of the moderated personality types is the dual thinking process; and to handle stress the action-mechanism of classical mantra-meditation is explained as reinforcing open-mindedness.
Telemedicine Trajectory in Healthcare
Authors: Chen Edward T.
Published: February 2020

Telemedicine has been implemented in both public and private health services and has shown a potential to improve healthcare industry. Many governments are boosting telemedicine applications through regulations to reap the benefits. The purpose of this article is to investigate the current situation revolving around telehealth and more precisely, telemedicine. This is accomplished by supplying a brief history of the technology as it has evolved. Then, an analysis of the benefits of telemedicine and its opportunities for growth. Next, the current issues and limitations of telemedicine will be examined. Finally, there is a final discussion on the future of telemedicine with some currently developing applications and conclusion.
Production of Bulk Metallic Glasses by Ultrasonic Welding of Nickel Based Amorphous Ribbons
Authors: Nicolaeiscu Mircea , Codrean Cosmin , Binchiciu Emilia-Florina , Radu Bogdan
Published: February 2020

With the evolution of society new materials or classes of materials must be developed. The metallic alloys with amorphous structure have exceptional physical properties due to the spatial order of the atoms in structure and the absence of crystalline defects such as dislocations, grain boundaries, etc. Due to the metastable states in which these alloys are located, obtaining bulk materials from amorphous metal alloys is difficult, being limited to simple geometries and high production cost. This problem can be solved by using the ultrasonic welding of amorphous ribbons for the production of bulk metallic glasses.In this paper, we aimed to produce bulk metallic glasses materials by welding the ribbon packages in ultrasonic field. In order to prove the preservation of the amorphous structure of both the primary welding alloys as well as after the welding of the amorphous ribbons, Differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were carried out. Vickers micro-hardness test was also performed in order to reveal the mechanical properties in the welded joint.
Integrity and Life Assessment of Welded Joints Made of Micro-Alloyed High Strength Steels
Authors: Sedmak Simon , Sedmak Aleksandar , Grbović Aleksandar , Radaković Zoran
Published: February 2020

Structural integrity and life of welded joints made of a micro-alloyed low-carbon fine-grained normalised high strength pressure vessel steel, P460NL1 is presented [1]. The researach performed within the scope of this topic involved a large number of experiments, including tensile and bending tests, hardness and toughness, as well as metallography and fractography tests, in order to determine the mechanical properties of the materials and the welded joints in detail, along with their microstructures and their influence on the obtained test results. Specimens cut out of a welded plate with dimensions of 500x500x14 mm were used for the experiments, whereas certain tests required the making of notches in the specimens, inside the heat affected zone, and this welded joint region was the focus of the research. Fatigue experimental tests were based on the assumption that fatigue crack growth rate changes depending on the regions through which the crack passed during its propagation. For this purpose, specimens used in toughness and fatigue tests were divided into four groups, depending on the part of the plate from which they were taken. Numerical calculations were performed using the extended finite element method (XFEM) [2]. Simulations were based on the experimentally determined values of Paris law coefficients, C i m [3-5], for every region through which the crack propagated during each test. Obtained results have indicated good agreement with the experimental ones, which verified the application of extended finite element method in this case.
Efficient Process to Develop Self-Sharpening Active Elements
Authors: Geantă Victor , Voiculescu Ionelia , Binchiciu Emilia-Florina , Iovanaș Daniela Maria , Stefanoiu Radu , Binchiciu Horia
Published: February 2020

The paper presents technologies for the manufacturing of modulated bi-metal elements, used as interchangeable reinforcement, according to patent RO129865. The bi-metal was developed by surface build-up of functional layers that have increased hardness, on a low alloyed steel substrate, so as to ensure maximum lifespan in exploitation. Welded layers deposited on active areas has a thickness of 3 mm and have high hardness (about 50-60 HRC) in order to ensure a good resistance to wear by abrasion, possibly combined with fatigue, erosion or corrosion. The modulated elements sizes are equal to or higher than the wear additions, up to 10%, being dimensioned on the principles of preventive-repetitive maintenance. The interchangeable bi-metal elements are welded on the steel components of machines, used for hot or cold processing of parts and semi-finished products manufactured in series.
Reliability in Microjoining Processes for Instrumented Nuclear Fuel Element Fabrication
Authors: Truţă Călin , Amzoi Adrian , Barbos Dumitru
Published: February 2020

The paper presents the assembling flux of thermocouple-instrumented nuclear fuel element for research reactor, from the point of view of the welding / brazing engineer, considering nuclear quality and safety requirements: fuel element structural reliability (no radioactive leaks through joints) and temperature signal reliability (thermocouple sheath integrity), this signal being an essential parameter for reactor normal operation and emergency shut-down. The paper is a real case study for an experimental instrumented element recently developed at INR-Pitesti describing technology choices as balance between fabrication complexity and risk of failure in joining processes, especially in later stages when added value increases. All joints (welded or brazed) fall into microjoining category, and it is shown how some special provisions may influence reliability. Focus is put on brazing thin-walled Inconel sheathed thermocouples, where erosion and local loss of ductility are known issues, leading to sheath rupture. Choosing as filler the less aggressive BNi-9 helped too little. A simple but efficient technique has been developed to address this matter adequate to narrow spaces inside a nuclear fuel element, where no room is available for solutions described in literature e.g. distal preplacing of filler. The solution prevents sheath from having prolonged contact with large volume of molten filler by using locally a miniature barrier (thin stainless-steel coil or sleeve) which only allows capillary wetting, being also a perfect real-time visual indicator of brazing progress and completion. As proved in the present paper, this method along with using filler formulation with lower Carbon content (without organic binder) enhances significantly, 8 times at least, resistance to bending fatigue. A particular vacuum brazing chamber design is employed: narrow quartz tube with external induction coil and top fitting letting outside the long thermocouples attached, reducing much the chamber volume and degassing. Careful impedance match is therefore required to overcome induction power loss due to the larger coil-to-workpiece gap. Additional joining problems are discussed e.g. inherent differential expansion of long parts during induction heating which afterwards may put tension upon braze during solidification and determine delayed cracking, this being avoided through wise order of operations. Another concern is the final precision weld between instrumentation segment having attached the hard-to-handle long thermocouples bunch and nuclear segment with the heavy Uranium pellets. The result of this research is successful assembling of first Romanian prototype with joints exhibiting He leak rate bellow 1E-09 std.cc/sec and overall reliability proved during reactor irradiation testing.
Assessment of the Cavitation Resistance of Stainless Steel X5crni18-10, Subjected to Thermal Sensitization Based on Average Durability
Authors: Salcianu Cornelia Laura , Bordeasu Ilare , Sîrbu Nicuşor Alin , Bădărău Rodica , Hluscu Mihai , Pîrvulescu Liviu Daniel , Ostoia Daniel , Oancă Octavian Victor
Published: February 2020

Among the uses of stainless steel GX5CrNi18-10 one mentions the hydraulic machine blades and the rotors, which are highly susceptible to cavitation. To achieve a long life service under cavitation conditions, the pieces made of this steel are subjected to volumetric thermal treatments, which change the structure and mechanical properties. In this paper, one presents the results of the research concerning the behavior and the resistance to the cavitation erosion of the thermally sensitized GX5CrNi18-10 stainless steel, applying four different temperature regimes (two at 650°C and two at 750°C) and different durations (30 minutes and respectively 60 minutes). The results are presented in the form of cumulative mass loss curves M (t) and erosion rate v (t). The assessment of the cavitation resistance provided by each heat treatment regime is based on the average durability cavitation parameter, as defined by K. Steller. The research was conducted on the standard vibrator with piezo-ceramic crystals from the Cavitation Laboratory of the Politechnica University of Timisoara.
New addictions. A race towards the goal of independence
Authors: Pezzo Rosada , Pescina Danila , Fagiolari Fabio
Published: February 2020

Addiction is an issue that has existed for some time but with the rise of new technologies, not only was valued the concept of dependency inherent in the pathological bond that develops between a subject and substance, new forms have emerged much more aggressive devious and dangerously addictive behaviors related to recurrence of circular and harmful to humans. The key to the problem is offered by the constant pursuit of pleasure which satisfaction and psychological well-being, hedonistic concept has always sought by humans. The transition from "normal" to "abnormal" is relative to the times, more and more short, in which the subject tends to reach a positive value, such as that of being, behaving this flattening imagination to reality and removing its true value. This article will focus precisely on the new forms of behavioral addiction, or the New Addiction. Among these will be discussed also a dependence little known in Italy but very developed in America: the Vigorexia (or addiction to sports), which can lead to the assumption of doping substances. Vigorexia doping and traveling on the same track and take pathological forms because it is closely related to the need to need welfare linked to the use of substances harmful to the body and recurrence of harmful behaviors. Will address the issue of doping in many sports fields, to hear the case Pantani. With the epilogue, we will try to propose a thesis useful in a possible liberation from these circular needs, through the implementation of an inner path directed to the use of the resources that nature offers us spontaneously: endorphins.
The medical-legal framework of work-related accidents in the field of social security medicine for protection from common disease in Italy: a comparative analysis of some emblematic cases -
Authors: Sammicheli Michele , Scaglione Marcella
Published: February 2020

The Authors examine the critical issues that can arise in relation to the medical-legal evaluation of impairments caused by work-related accidents if included together with common diseases, i.e. not due to work or war, in the assessment to qualify for ordinary incapacity benefits from INPS (the Italian Social Security Institute).After a brief introduction to the Italian laws and regulations in this sector, the Authors present some emblematic cases to highlight operational procedures and consequent practical difficulties that a correct attribution of origin to injury - whether work-related or otherwise - can entail.
Some early activities following abdominal surgery: From the patient's point of view
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: February 2020

No abstract available.
An Introduction to the Johannine Gospel and Letters
Authors: van der Watt Jan
Published: February 2020

This accessible guide to the Gospel and Letters of John introduces readers to key issues arising from historical, literary, and theological approaches to the Johannine literature, also discussing the methodological rationale underlying each of these approaches. After introducing the reader to the development of the narrative structure of the book, the message (theology) is discussed in detail, with the aim of introducing the reader to the interrelatedness of the multiple theological ideas in this Gospel. Similarities, but also differences between the Gospel and Letters are constantly considered. Familiar with the content of the Gospel, readers are then confronted with questions about the origin, development and socio-cultural nature of the Gospel and letters. In each case the scholarly field is briefly reviewed and major solutions are discussed. Thorough discussions on different issues are presented in different chapters, each time referring to the relevant methodological approaches. How do the Gospel and Letters relate to the synoptics, or the Old Testament? Do we have a Gospel composed of multiple sources or is it a seamless document. How was this influential document written and where do the ideas found in the Gospel come from?

Since the aim of this book is to form a solid and comprehensive basis for future study of the Johannine literature, readers are placed firmly within the scholarly currents and streams of the Johannine literature. In terms of a metaphor: after reading the book, explorers will know what is out there and why. Now they can start to dig deeper for themselves without feeling lost in an uncharted land.
Photochemical modeling of molecular and atomic oxygen based on multiple nightglow emissions measured in situ during the Energy Transfer in the Oxygen Nightglow rocket campaign
Authors: Lednyts'kyy Olexandr , von Savigny Christian
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Electronically excited states of molecular and atomic oxygen (six O2 and
two O) were implemented in the proposed Multiple Airglow Chemistry (MAC) model
as minor species coupled with each other as well as with the ground states of
O2 and O to represent the photochemistry
in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region.
The MAC model combines chemical processes of well-known photochemical models
related to identified O2 and O species and some additional processes.
Concentrations of excited O2 and O species were retrieved using the MAC model on the basis of
the multiple nightglow emissions measured in situ during the Energy Transfer
in the Oxygen Nightglow (ETON) rocket campaign.
The proposed retrieval procedure to obtain the concentrations of these minor species in the MLT region is implemented by
avoiding a priori data sets.
Unknown and poorly constrained reaction rates were tuned, and the reaction rates of the well-known models
were updated with the MAC model by comparing in situ and evaluated emission profiles
as well as in situ and retrieved O concentration profiles.
As a result, precursors of O2 and O species responsible for the transitions
considered in the MAC model are identified and validated.
Ultra-clean and smoky marine boundary layers frequently occur in the same season over the southeast Atlantic
Authors: Pennypacker Sam , Diamond Michael , Wood Robert
Published: February 2020

Abstract. We study 41 d with daily median surface
accumulation mode aerosol particle concentrations below 50 cm−3
(ultra-clean conditions) observed at Ascension Island (ASI; 7.9∘ S, 14.4∘ W) between June 2016 and October 2017 as part of the
Layered Atlantic Smoke Interactions with Clouds (LASIC) campaign.
Interestingly, these days occur during a period of great relevance for
aerosol–cloud–radiation interactions, the southeast Atlantic (SEATL)
biomass-burning season (approximately June–October). That means that these
critical months can feature both the highest surface aerosol numbers, from
smoke intrusion into the marine boundary layer, as well as the lowest. While
carbon monoxide and refractory black carbon concentrations on ultra-clean
days do not approach those on days with heavy smoke, they also frequently
exceed background concentrations calculated in the non-burning season from
December 2016 to April 2017. This is evidence that even what become
ultra-clean boundary layers can make contact with and entrain from an
overlying SEATL smoke layer before undergoing a process of rapid aerosol
removal. Because many ultra-clean and polluted boundary layers observed at
Ascension Island during the biomass burning season follow similar isobaric
back trajectories, the variability in this entrainment is likely more
closely tied to the variability in the overlying smoke rather than
large-scale horizontal circulation through the boundary layer. Since
exceptionally low accumulation mode aerosol numbers at ASI do not
necessarily indicate the relative lack of other trace pollutants, this
suggests the importance of regional variations in what constitutes an
“ultra-clean” marine boundary layer. Finally, surface drizzle rates,
frequencies and accumulation – as well as retrievals of liquid water path
– all consistently tend toward higher values on ultra-clean days. This
implicates enhanced coalescence scavenging in low clouds as the key driver
of ultra-clean events in the southeast Atlantic marine boundary layer. These
enhancements occur against and are likely mediated by the backdrop of a
seasonal increase in daily mean cloud fraction and daily median liquid water
path over ASI, peaking in September and October in both LASIC years.
Therefore the seasonality in ultra-clean day occurrence seems directly
linked to the seasonality in SEATL cloud properties. These results highlight
the importance of two-way aerosol–cloud interactions in the region.
Long-range aerosol transport and impacts on size-resolved aerosol composition in Metro Manila, Philippines
Authors: Braun Rachel A. , Aghdam Mojtaba Azadi , Bañaga Paola Angela , Betito Grace , Cambaliza Maria Obiminda , Cruz Melliza Templonuevo , Lorenzo Genevieve Rose , MacDonald Alexander B. , Simpas James Bernard , Stahl Connor , Sorooshian Armin
Published: February 2020

Abstract. This study analyzes long-range transport of aerosol and aerosol chemical
characteristics based on instances of high- and low-aerosol-loading events
determined via ground-based size-resolved aerosol measurements collected at
the Manila Observatory in Metro Manila, Philippines, from July to October 2018. Multiple data sources, including models, remote sensing, and in situ
measurements, are used to analyze the impacts of long-range aerosol
transport on Metro Manila and the conditions at the local and synoptic
scales facilitating this transport. Through the use of case studies,
evidence of long-range transport of biomass burning aerosol and continental
emissions is identified in Metro Manila. Long-range transport of biomass
burning aerosol from the Maritime Continent, bolstered by southwesterly flow
and permitted by low rainfall, was identified through model results and the
presence of biomass burning tracers (e.g., K, Rb) in the ground-based
measurements. The impacts of emissions transported from continental East
Asia on the aerosol characteristics in Metro Manila are also identified; for
one of the events analyzed, this transport was facilitated by the nearby
passage of a typhoon. Changes in the aerosol size distributions,
water-soluble chemical composition, and contributions of various organic
aerosol species to the total water-soluble organic aerosol were examined for
the different cases. The events impacted by biomass burning transport had
the overall highest concentration of water-soluble organic acids, while the
events impacted by long-range transport from continental East Asia showed
high percent contributions from shorter-chain dicarboxylic acids (i.e.,
oxalate) that are often representative of photochemical and aqueous
processing in the atmosphere. The low-aerosol-loading event was subject to a
larger precipitation accumulation than the high-aerosol events, indicative
of wet scavenging as an aerosol sink in the study region. This low-aerosol
event was characterized by a larger relative contribution from
supermicrometer aerosols and had a higher percent contribution from
longer-chain dicarboxylic acids (i.e., maleate) to the water-soluble organic
aerosol fraction, indicating the importance of both primary aerosol
emissions and local emissions.
Source characterization of volatile organic compounds measured by PTR-ToF-MS in Delhi, India
Authors: Wang Liwei , Slowik Jay G. , Tripathi Nidhi , Bhattu Deepika , Rai Pragati , Kumar Varun , Vats Pawan , Satish Rangu , Baltensperger Urs , Ganguly Dilip , Rastogi Neeraj , Sahu Lokesh K. , Tripathi Sachchida N. , Prévôt André S. H.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Characteristics and sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were investigated with highly time-resolved simultaneous measurements by two proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometers (PTR-ToF-MS) at an urban and a suburban site in New Delhi, India from January to March 2018. During the measurement period, high mixing ratios of VOCs and trace gases were observed, with high nocturnal mixing ratios and strong day-night variations. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model was applied separately to the two sites, and six major factors of VOCs were identified at both sites, i.e., two factors related to traffic emissions, two to solid fuel combustion, and two secondary factors. At the urban IITD site, traffic-related emissions comprising mostly mono-aromatic compounds were the dominant sources, contributing 56.6 % of the total mixing ratio, compared to 36.0 % at the suburban MRIU site. Emissions from various solid fuel combustion processes, particularly in the night, were identified as a significant source of aromatics, phenols and furans at both sites. The secondary factors accounted for 15.9 % of the total VOC concentration at IITD and for 33.6 % at MRIU. They were dominated by oxygenated VOCs and exhibited substantially higher contributions during daytime.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy- and nitro-PAHs in ambient air of Arctic town Longyearbyen, Svalbard
Authors: Drotikova Tatiana , Ali Aasim M. , Halse Anne Karine , Reinardy Helena C. , Kallenborn Roland
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are not declining in Arctic air despite reductions in their global emissions. In Svalbard, the Longyearbyen coal-fired power plant is considered to be one of the major local source of PAHs. Power plant stack emissions and ambient air samples, collected simultaneously 1 km (UNIS) and 6 km (Adventdalen) transect distance, were analyzed (gaseous and particulate phases separately) for 22 nitro-PAHs, 9 oxy-PAHs and 16 parent PAHs by GC/ECNI/MS and GC-MS/MS. Results confirm low level of PAH emissions (∑16 PAHs = 1.5 µg kg−1 coal) from the power plant. Phenathrene, 9,10-anthraquinone, 9-fluorenone, fluorene, fluoranthene, and pyrene accounted for 85 % of the plant emission (not including naphthalene). A dilution effect was observed for the transect ambient air samples, 1.26 ± 0.16 and 0.63 ± 0.14 ng m−3 sum all 47 PAH derivatives for UNIS and Adventdalen, respectively. The PAH profile was homogeneous for these recipient stations with phenathrene and 9-fluorenone being most abundant. Principal component analysis, in combination with PAH diagnostic ratios and literature data on different source-specific markers, confirmed coal combustion, gasoline, and diesel traffic as the predominant sources of PAHs. Secondary atmospheric formation of 9-nitroanthracene and 2+3-nitrofluoranthene was evaluated and concluded. Results also indicate that ambient PAH concentrations were affected by precipitation events, and specific humidity is an essential parameter influencing PAH scavenging from the air. The present study contributes important data which can be utilized to eliminate uncertainties in model predictions that aim to assess the extent and impacts of Arctic atmospheric contaminants.
Effects of a priori profile shape assumptions oncomparisons between satellite NO2 columns and model simulations
Authors: Cooper Matthew J. , Martin Randall V. , Henze Daven K. , Jones Dylan B. A.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. A critical step in satellite retrievals of trace gas columns is the calculation of the air mass factor (AMF) used to convert observed slant columns to vertical columns. This calculation requires a priori information on the shape of the vertical profile. As a result, comparisons between satellite-retrieved and model-simulated column abundances are influenced by the a priori profile shape. We examine how differences between the shape of the simulated and a priori profile can impact the interpretation of satellite retrievals by performing an adjoint-based 4D-Var assimilation of synthetic NO2 observations for constraining NOx emissions. We use the GEOS-Chem Adjoint model to perform assimilations using a variety of AMFs to examine how a posteriori emission estimates are affected if the AMF is calculated using an a priori shape factor that is inconsistent with the simulated profile. In these tests, an inconsistent a priori shape factor increased errors in a posteriori emissions estimates by up to 80 % over polluted regions. As the difference between the simulated profile shape and the a priori profile shape increases, so do the corresponding assimilated emission errors. This reveals the importance of using simulated profile information for AMF calculations when comparing that simulated output to satellite retrieved columns.
Wintertime grassland dynamics may influence belowground biomass under climate change: a model analysis
Authors: Katata Genki , Grote Rüdiger , Mauder Matthias , Zeeman Matthias J. , Ota Masakazu
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Rising temperatures and changes in snow cover, as can be expected under a warmer global climate, may have large impacts on mountain grassland productivity limited by cold and long winters. Here, we combined two existing models, the multi-layer atmosphere-SOiL-VEGetation model (SOLVEG) and the BASic GRAssland model (BASGRA), which accounts for snow, freeze–thaw events, grass growth, and soil carbon balance. The model was applied to simulate the responses of managed grasslands to anomalously warm winter conditions. The grass growth module considered key ecological processes under a cold environment, such as leaf formation, elongation and death, tillering, carbon allocation, and cold acclimation, in terms of photosynthetic activity. Input parameters were derived for two pre-Alpine grassland sites in Germany, for which the model was run using 3 years of data that included a winter with an exceptionally small amount of snow. The model reproduced the temporal variability of observed daily mean heat fluxes, soil temperatures, and snow depth throughout the study period. High physiological activity levels during the extremely warm winter led to a simulated CO2 uptake of 100 gC m−2, which was mainly allocated into the belowground biomass and only to a minor extent used for additional plant growth during early spring. If these temporary dynamics are representative of long-term changes, this process, which is so far largely unaccounted for in scenario analysis using global terrestrial biosphere models, may lead to carbon accumulation in the soil and/or carbon loss from the soil as a response to global warming.