bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HISTÉRICAS, ORDINÁRIAS E LOUCAS: O EROTISMO CONSERVADOR DAS PORNOCHANCHADAS
Authors: Dias Alimonda Julia
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o erotismo e a representação do feminino na pornochanchada, gênero mais popular na história do cinema nacional. Durante a conservadora ditadura militar, a erotização dominava as telas do mundo todo, chegando ao Brasil na forma de pornochanchada. Esses filmes driblavam a censura e apresentavam discursos sexuais altamente indecentes para os valores morais da época, mas, por não apresentarem críticas explícitas à política da ditadura militar, o gênero foi considerado alienante e fútil pela crítica, mostrando o desprezo ao cinema das massas e aos discursos sexuais. Fica evidente que a erotização exposta nas telas era conservadora, já que os estereótipos femininos perpetuavam os papéis de gênero com a função de agradar os desejos do público masculino.
G. R. DERZHAVIN IN THE PERIODICALS OF THE END OF THE XVIII - THE BEGINNING OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors: Ratnikova Ol'ga Evgen'evna
Published: September 2019

Modern literary criticism faces the problem of renewing the view on G. R. Derzhavin’s creative work; there is a necessity to acquire deeper understanding of the poet’s personality in the context of his epoch. To trace Derzhavin’s creative path, the paper for the first time examines his works in the context of particular periodicals of that time and analyzes how the poet followed the trends of the periodical press of the end of the XVIII - the beginning of the XIX century. The researcher organizes the list of magazines the poet worked on and concludes that magazines and almanacs played a considerable role in Derzhavin’s creative work: periodicals he worked on can serve as landmarks of his creative biography.
SYSTEMIC AND HOLISTIC VIEW ON GENRE EVOLUTION IN PROFESSOR G. S. KUNAFIN’S WORKS
Authors: Nizamova Razilya Gainislamovna
Published: September 2019

The problem of studying literary genres, in particular, the Bashkir literary genres, remains relevant. In this connection, the article for the first time analyses the studies of G. S. Kunafin, Professor of the Bashkir State University, on the Bashkir literature of the XIX - the beginning of the XX century. The linguist’s attention is focused on the following issues: formation of the Bashkir literature, development of its ideological and esthetical content as well as genre and style nature. The scientific and theoretical aspect of the scientist’s works is accentuated. The paper reveals the originality, relevance and value of G. S. Kunafin’s studies.
INTERPRETATION OF THE PARABLE OF THE PRODIGAL SON IN THE NOVEL BY KAFA AL-ZOOBI “RETURN HOME, KHALIL”
Authors: Vavichkina Tat'yana Anatol'evna , Vlasova Yuliya Evgen'evna
Published: September 2019

The article considers the interpretation of the Old Testament parable of the prodigal son in the novel by the Jordanian authoress Kafa Al-Zoobi “Return Home, Khalil”. A Palestinian youth, who lost his relatives and temporary refuge, answers the call of the ancestors and returns to his native land seeking to acquire home and family. The return heals him from depression; he founds friends and starts to struggle for justice. Didacticism of the novel-parable helps to achieve a better understanding of the hero’s mission and to attract public attention to the Palestinian problem.
FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC CATEGORIES OF NATAL SUPERSTITIONS
Authors: Strausov Viktor Nikitovich , Strausova Svetlana Konstantinovna , Frolova Anastasiya Vadimovna
Published: September 2019

The article examines the principles of forming natal superstitions. A structural semiotic analysis clearly shows that they are formed on the basis of structural-semiotic models. These models include the actualized features of binary semantic oppositions, in which the signifier and the designatum of superstitions are realized. At the verbal level, structural-semiotic models acquire high-value cultural codes and lexical filling. The criterion to refer a natal superstition to a certain functional-semantic category involves the identity of the semantic features of structural-semiotic models or isofunctionality of the signifier features in relation to the designatum.
REPRESENTATION OF TIME IN THE RUSSIAN CULINARONYMS (BY THE MATERIAL OF RECIPE NAMES)
Authors: Phan Ngoc Son
Published: September 2019

The article considers the representation of the category of time in the Russian culinaronyms. The study is based on the analysis of recipe names in culinary journals. The necessity to examine the category of time in different types of linguistic units is conditioned by its interdisciplinary and universal nature. The author analyzes the formal representation of the category of time in a culinaronym’s semantic structure. The conclusion is made that in culinaronyms, time is represented implicitly and explicitly, and in relation to the seme of time, culinaronyms express not only a culinary feature but also some “extra-culinary” characteristics.
THE TUVINIAN JURIDICAL TERMS FORMED BY MEANS OF EZĀFE
Authors: Salchak Ayanmaa Koshkar-oolovna , Kechil-ool Saida Vladimirovna
Published: September 2019

The article analyses the Tuvinian juridical terms formed by means of ezāfe. The research material was obtained from the Tuvinian juridical literature, Russian-Tuvinian, Tuvinian-Russian dictionaries and from the Russian dictionary of the basic juridical terms. In the analysed juridical terms, both components are expressed by nouns, which are classified into three groups according to the ezāfe type. The findings allow the authors to conclude that the Tuvinian language actively uses juridical terms formed by means of ezāfe and possessing different external qualities and lexico-grammatical features.
SEMANTICS AND FUNCTIONING OF THE NUMERAL “БЛЫ” (“SEVEN”) IN THE KABARDINO-CIRCASSIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Khezheva Mar'yana Rashadovna
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to studying the semantics of the numeral “блы” (“seven”) in the Kabardino-Circassian language. Analyzing linguistic units of different levels, the author identifies the functions, semantic features of the numeral “блы” (“seven”) in the Kabardino-Circassian language. The ethno-specific features of functioning of the mentioned numeral in the Adyghe linguistic consciousness are considered. It is noted that the analyzed numerative serves as a marker of amplification and exaggeration. The conclusion is made that the analyzed numeral does not manifest apparently positive or apparently negative semantics.
SEMANTIC-DISCURSIVE VARIATION OF ADJECTIVES IN THE KABARDINO-CIRCASSIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Cherkesova Zareta Valerievna
Published: September 2019

The article considers discursive variation of qualitative adjectives “хужь” (“white”), “фIыцIэ” (“black”) and “плъыжь” (“red”) in the Kabardino-Circassian language. Identification of discursive variants of word meanings makes it possible to explicate adjectival meanings, which are initially implicit or implicated in a certain type of discourse. The findings lead to the conclusion that semantic-discursive variations are conditioned both by the nature of the Kabardino-Circassian language and by the author’s intention.
LINGUISTIC MANIPULATIVE TECHNIQUES WHEN CONSTRUCTING A BRITISH ARISTOCRAT’S STEREOTYPIC IMAGE
Authors: Kovanova Evgeniya Anatol'evna , Shchekina Dina Borisovna
Published: September 2019

By the material of the British press, the article examines linguistic techniques to manipulate public opinion concerning the aristocracy. Journalists refer to generally accepted conceptions of a typical aristocrat confirming or denying them depending on their purpose. Linguistic means allow journalists to appeal to readers’ emotions rather than to the reason and to conceal the fact of manipulation. The paper reveals the role of publicistic discourse in the process of constructing and reproducing the British people’s conceptions of social inequality.
SEMANTIC TRANSFORMATION OF THE TOPONYM “ESPAÑA” IN HISTORICAL CONTEXT
Authors: Karpova Yuliya Anatol'evna , Terent'eva Ekaterina Dmitrievna
Published: September 2019

The article analyzes semantic transformation of the toponym “España” in diachrony and synchrony. The paper justifies the thesis that the conception of Spain as a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural state undergoes essential transformations. Analyzing the historical and current socio-linguistic situation on the Iberian Peninsula, the authors trace how re-interpretation of the very conception “Spain” leads to semantic transformation of the corresponding linguistic unit. The findings are illustrated by the examples taken from scientific and publicistic literature and Internet sources.
PORTRAYING POLITICIANS THROUGH NICKNAMES IN THE FRENCH PRINT MEDIA LANGUAGE
Authors: Telegina Viktoriya Aleksandrovna , Sinel'nikova Irina Ivanovna
Published: September 2019

The article examines how politicians are characterized through their nicknames in the modern French print media. The study focuses on analysing famous politicians’ nicknames representing the peculiarities of their character, political views and beliefs, facts from their biographies and public attitude towards them. The authors identify the motives for appearance of such nicknames in the modern French language, consider the peculiarities of their formation, and reveal the suggestive potential of the French nicknames realized by means of a reader’s associative thinking.
NEW ASPECTS OF STUDYING LINGUISTIC PERSONALITY IN MODERN DOMESTIC LINGUISTICS
Authors: Ryzhkova Ekaterina Sergeevna
Published: September 2019

The article examines how the personality of a speech producer is represented in his speech. The paper considers the conception of linguistic personality and provides a survey of the existing approaches to studying this concept in the modern Russian linguistics. The conclusions are made that modern domestic linguistics emphasizes the issues of linguistic identification of a personality, the psycholinguistic and neuro-psycholinguistic aspects of a human’s linguistic ability, which determines the appearance of new scientific trends focused on the mentioned problems.
PARAMETERS TO ASSESS LITERARY TRANSLATION QUALITY WHEN TRANSFERRING HUMOROUS EFFECT
Authors: Abaeva Evgeniya Sergeevna
Published: September 2019

The article considers the problem of assessing literary translation quality when transferring humorous effect. In the modern translation studies, this issue is regarded as one of the most complicated ones due to the creative component and subjective nature of the analyzed object. The author proposes a system of assessment, which includes such macro-parameters as functional, individual style, language and recipient. The originality of the study involves abandoning exclusively linguistic approach, describing certain essential parameters and accentuating the correlation of some elements in the system “target text / recipient”. The findings indicate the efficiency of the proposed system and its explanatory force within the fragments with humorous effect.
CONTEXTUAL MEANING INFLUENCE ON TRANSLATION OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS YOU (SG) AND YOU (PL) IN LANGUAGES OF DIFFERENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Bzegezheva Zulima Zul'karinovna , Ignat'eva Ol'ga Valer'evna , Khoruzhaya Yuliya Nikolaevna
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to studying contextual meanings of personal pronouns you (sg) and you (pl) in the Russian, English and Adyghe languages. The paper aims to identify how the Russian translation of personal pronouns you (sg) and you (pl) depends on contextual environment. The originality of the study involves the context-oriented approach to the translation of personal pronouns you (sg) and you (pl). The article presents not only concrete linguistic, but also contextual meanings of personal pronouns you (sg) and you (pl). The authors propose an algorithm for choosing an adequate form of a pronoun when translating it into Russian in a particular communicative situation.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SHORTHAND SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENT TRANSLATION SCHOOLS REPRESENTATIVES
Authors: Chesnokova Anna Aleksandrovna , Zamaraeva Galina Nikolaevna
Published: September 2019

Oral sequential translation is considered as one of the most complicated types of translation. An interpreter’s shorthand is an important instrument of a sequential interpreter’s activity. The authors analyze shorthand systems of famous translation schools taking into account their efficiency in translation process. The paper provides illustrative examples of an interpreter’s shorthand taken from theoreticians’ works and considers the basic principles of an interpreter’s shorthand writing developed by J. Herbert, J.-F. Rozan, P. K. Minyar-Beloruchev, I. V. Zubanova.
ABSURDIST DESTRUCTION OF THE SOVIET DISCOURSE IN V. G. SOROKIN’S EARLY PROSE
Authors: Merkushov Stanislav Fedorovich
Published: September 2019

By the example of the stories from the collection “The First Community Workday” (1984), the paper analyses V. G. Sorokin’s perception of the Soviet absurd in all its manifestations. Total destruction of the Soviet discourse occurs due to the wide usage of artistic devices typical of absurdist literature. The article shows that such interpretation of the Soviet theme causes the catharsis effect in a reader’s consciousness and requires the explication of meta-text focused on finding and assertion of ontological and axiological meanings.
PROMETHEANISM AND ALEXANDER BOGDANOV’S PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Saimiddinov Alisher Kakhramonovich
Published: September 2019

The article considers Prometheanistic aspect in the creative work of the Russian revolutionary Alexander Bogdanov. To achieve this research objective, the author chooses a selected reading method applied by Quentin Meillassoux in relation to Gilles Deleuze’s works and a fabulation method introduced by Stephen Shaviro to examine Whitehead’s philosophy. The analysis has revealed similarities between philosophical provisions of Prometheanism and Alexander Bogdanov’s conceptions clarifying the nature of human experience. Analysing Bogdanov’s texts, the researcher reveals ontological coincidence between a fact of life and transformation, identifies epistemological coincidence of transcendental and empirical, clarifies political coincidence of local and universal, emphasizes the radical denial of substantialism when it comes to interpreting a human being.
POLITIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE CONTEXT OF BIO-POLITICS
Authors: Gallyamov Roman Il'mirovich
Published: September 2019

The article considers the interrelation of science and politics in the modern society. Due to historical interrelation of science and power, modern science has become involved in the political process. Bio-politics as a new type of social administration uses scientific knowledge to justify the need for authority and its preservation. The paper analyses the process of knowledge politization making a retrospective insight into Antiquity and the Modern Period when scientific knowledge was autonomous and had nothing to do with politics. The analysis indicates that politization of knowledge predetermined the development of bio-politics in the XIX century.
MODERN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITY: SOCIO-ETHICAL ASPECT
Authors: Vasenkin Aleksei Vadimovich
Published: September 2019

The article discusses the socio-ethical aspects of modern scientific and technical activity. The category of modern scientific and technical activity is revealed through the complex of the so-called NBIC technologies, which includes the system of nanotechnological, biotechnological, informational and cognitive research. Each of these technological directions in modern reality creates a range of such issues that concern not only practical guidelines for the improvement and implementation of technologies. These issues become an object for studying various disciplinary approaches including philosophy.
PECULIARITIES OF REPRESENTING ATYPICAL CORPOREALITY IN MASS COMMUNICATIONS
Authors: Rusanova Anna Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2019

The paper aims to describe social practices contributing to the formation or assimilation of meanings of atypical corporal existence in sociocultural space. The author’s approach is based on the principles of social constructionism and on the theory of social communicativeness. Analysing the perception of atypical corporeality in the modern mass media culture, the researcher concludes that the very notion of “norm” and “abnormality” is ambiguous. The paper analyses the processes determining the specificity of atypical body representation, which is ambiguous nowadays due to the existence of multi-cultural meaningful space.
UNDERSTANDING OF MOTHERLAND IN HELLENISTIC PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Chikaeva Tat'yana Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2019

The article justifies the relevance of the studies concerning the Hellenistic understanding of Motherland. The author systematizes and analyses the key provisions of the Motherland conception in Hellenistic philosophy, identifies the role of the Hellenistic understanding of Motherland as a development factor of the state and the society. The paper argues that the Hellenistic understanding of Motherland, if extended and clarified, can contribute to solving the challenges facing the mankind under globalization. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the conception of Motherland couldn’t be considered just as a subject of scientific and philosophical discussion, it should form a basis of an individual’s worldview.
THE MONGOLIAN TRANSLATION OF THE TIBETAN MEDICAL TREATISE “GYALPO-KORDZO”
Authors: Zhabon Yumzhana Zhalsanovna , Rinchinova Oyuuna Sanzhimitupovna , Dashieva Subad Bal'zhinimaevna
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to studying the handwritten Mongolian translation of “Gyalpo-kordzo”, the earliest Tibetan medical treatise written by Jetsun Dragpa Gyaltsen (1147-1216). This monument of the Tibetan literature and its translation into the Old Mongolian written language have not been previously examined in the foreign and domestic Tibetan studies. The authors conclude that this treatise was compiled in the period of the formation of the basic canon of the Tibetan medicine “Zhud-Shi”. The paper provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of “Gyalpo-kordzo” and “Zhud-Shi” treaties. By the example of the analysed manuscript, the paper shows that the Mongolian people created a full-fledged system for interpretation and assimilation of such a complicated system of knowledge as the Tibetan medicine through the native language.
EDUCATION OF RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION OF NIZHNY NOVGOROD PROVINCE AT THE TURN OF THE XIX-XX CENTURIES: KEY PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Mustafin Irshat Rifatovich , Shcherbakova Mariya Pavlovna
Published: September 2019

The article considers the attempt of solving the problems of educating rural and urban population of Nizhny Novgorod province at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The authors emphasize the fact that public education was introduced not only “from above”, with the participation of power bodies and organizations, but also “from below”, through social initiatives and by overcoming the established prejudices of the “common people”. The paper concludes that the diversity of forms and methods for transferring knowledge and culture, the basis of education, determined, on the one hand, the growth of student population, including female students, and, on the other hand, broadened the spectrum of educational, cultural and ethical, pedagogical events.
“GO AHEAD TO THE COUNTRYSIDE”: PROPAGATION OF PIONEER MOVEMENT IN RURAL SETTLEMENTS OF THE SOVIET UNION IN 1922-1925
Authors: Mukhinova Natal'ya Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2019

Relying on archival materials and publications in the “Vozhaty” magazine, the author discovers the peculiarities of the first rural pioneer detachments formation in the USSR. Villagers’ distrust to the Young Pioneer Organization, their belief that Young Pioneers’ activity is of no practical value, financial difficulties - all these factors prevented the development of the children’s organization in the countryside. To stimulate its activity, theoreticians and experts of the pioneer movement proposed a well-considered, premeditated approach accentuating voluntary participation and focused on the interests of rural children and their parents.
“GORBY - THE MAN WHO CHANGED THE WORLD”: EVOLUTION OF M. S. GORBACHEV’S IMAGE IN THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING PRESS (1985-1991)
Authors: Pashkovskaya Tat'yana Grigor'evna , Shestialtynova Ekaterina Vasil'evna , Tokarev Egor Vladimirovich
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to analysing the transformation of M. S. Gorbachev’s image in the English-speaking media discourse. The British, USA, Canadian and Australian newspaper publications of 1985-1991 served as a research material. The study is based on methodological conceptions of M. Foucault, T. V. Dijk, M. Pecheux, D. Pageaux, J. Leerssen. The stages of forming the Soviet leader’s new image are examined. Analysing the metaphors and historical parallels used by newspaper journalists, the authors identify the mechanisms of irrational influence of media discourse on the readers.
A ORIGEM E OS FUNDAMENTOS DA SEQUÊNCIA FEDATHI
Authors: Santos Joelma Nogueira dos , Neto Hermínio Borges , Pinheiro Ana Cláudia Mendonça
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem a finalidade de apresentar, por meio de uma análise histórico-conceitual, a origem e os fundamentos da Sequência Fedathi, método de ensino que conduz a ação do professor em sala de aula no processo de ensino para a aprendizagem do aluno, desenvolvido pelo professor Hermínio Borges Neto no início da década de 1970. O texto inicia-se com um breve relato histórico e, em seguida, mostra as concepções filosóficas do campo da matemática que influenciaram seu desenvolvimento e sistematização, perpassando pelos fundamentos e princípios que embasam a concepção fedathiana de ensino, em seguida, traz uma ideia de seus níveis: preparação, vivência e análise. Este trabalho foi realizado a partir de uma análise bibliográfica assim como de observações das vivências cotidianas do Laboratório de Pesquisa Multimeios da Faculdade de Educação (Faced) da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) e nas pesquisas desenvolvidas ao longo dos anos sobre a proposta metodológica aqui apresentada assim como em obras do campo da Educação Matemática. A partir de uma fundamentação lógico-dedutiva-construtiva, a proposta de Borges Neto (2016) desenvolveu-se durante três décadas e, atualmente, caminha para uma consolidação por meio das experiências em sala de aula vividas por seus pesquisadores da matemática e também dos que atuam além das ‘ciências duras’.
Analysis of Traditional Clothing on Buru Island
Authors: ARUADSU
Published: September 2019

Customary clothing becomes an important part in every ritual and customary activities for the community in the island of Buru, the function of traditional clothing in addition to body armor is also a symbol of identity attached to the outfit. This research is a qualitative study aimed at describing indigenous fashion for the community. The research location focuses on three villages namely Kayeli village, Kubalahin Village and Wasi Village with consideration of the traditional clothing use which is more often found in comparison of other villages in Buru Island. The number of informant interviewed by 25 people, consisting of customary figures, community leaders, leaders of indigenous institutions and village apparatus as well as local people residing at the research site. Analytical techniques used to follow the concept of Miles and Huberman where activities in the analysis of qualitative data are conducted interactively and continuously. The results showed that customary clothing in all three locations had several similarities in the use as well as differences in the placement of custom fashions. The villagers of Kayeli and Wasi used traditional clothes for the activities of receiving indigenous guests and traditional activities that took place in the village, while the community was kubalahin using traditional clothes while the traditional ritual was carried out. For people of the village Kayeli customary clothing has a value of sacral that must be obeyed by everyone who uses it, as well as in the village of Wasi and Kubalahin, they assume that identity in the customary clothing should be maintained with not arbitrary use Or placing custom clothes in everyday life.
Soal Bahasa Inggris Kelas II
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: September 2019

Soal Bahasa Inggris Kelas II
Pancasila Sebagai Dasar Negara
Authors: Hrp Adewiyatun Rahma
Published: September 2019

Suatu negara membutuhkan pondasi agar negaranya berdiri kokoh. Pondasi ini dalam istilah kenegaraan disebut dasar negara. Dasar negara adalah pedoman hidup bernegara, suatu norma dasar bagi negara yang bersangkutan. Sebagai nirma dasar, dasar negara menjadi norma tertinggi dalam suatu negara.Hukum berisi dengan norma-norma yang merupakan pedoman untuk bertingkah laku. Hal Kansen seorang ahli filsafat hukum jerman mengatakan bahwa norma itu berjenjang dan bertingkat. Suatu norma berdasarkan pada suatu norma yang lebih tinggi lagi.demikian seterunya sampai pada norma dasar yang disebut grunom, yaitu norma tertinggi dalam suatu negara yang tidak dapat ditelusuri lanjut. Jadi norma itu berjenjang dan membentuk suatu hierarkis.
Lex Superior Versus Lex Inferior: Selection Between Social Norms and Applicable Legal Norms
Authors: Bombang Saifullah , Haling Syamsul , Halim Paisal
Published: September 2019

Human life cannot separate from social norms that become a benchmark for behavior. Social norms have validity and power applicable to legal subjects. In addition to human social norms, it is also bound by legal norms, which also have validity and power applicable to legal subjects. Types of research methods used are normative legal research focusing on positive legal norms in the form of legislation, namely by reviewing the laws and regulations governing the registration of arbitration decisions to realize legal certainty for the parties while empirically is to see the reality directly occur in the field. In such situations, it will be able to arrive at one meeting point, namely social norms with legal norms in the same position. The choice of personal priority will take only one norm in this paper called Lex superior versus Lex inferior. Norms with a superior Lex position will face with inferior Lex norms, which in turn are only one social norm that will fulfill both in the position of superior Lex and inferior Lex. Humans only choose one social norm that believed and expected to fulfill their interests and demands (material and spiritual). Consequently, logically from this position, humans will be trapped in the struggle of the superior Lex norm with Lex inferior in a continuous and alternating manner throughout their lives. Inharmonious and disharmonic interactions, often people trapped in a pattern of logical relationships that are diverse and alternating both constructive, contrarian, and sub-alternative.
TUGAS PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA WEEK 5 KELOMPOK 1
Authors: Dhedha Evran
Published: September 2019

TUGAS PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA WEEK 5 (KELOMPOK 1) “MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING PABRIK GULA DI INDONESIA ERA MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN”
Soal Tematik Sekolah Dasar Berorientasi Literasi Saintifik
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: September 2019

Soal tematik sekolah dasar berorientasi literasi saintifik
What can lexical decision tasks tell us about bilingual language processing?
Authors: Poort Eva Denise , Rodd Jennifer M
Published: September 2019

Cognates are words which share their form and meaning in multiple languages, like “winter” in Dutch and English. A wealth of research on bilingual language processing suggests that bilinguals process cognates more quickly than words that exist in only one language. Researchers take this finding as evidence that all the words a bilingual knows are stored in a single mental lexicon. Much of this research has made use of lexical decision tasks, but such tasks are quite artificial. In recent experiments we found that the presence or absence of this cognate facilitation effect depends on the other stimuli included in the task. In this blog I argue, on the basis of this finding, that evidence for a cognate facilitation effect in lexical decision tasks alone should not be taken as proof for this central assumption in bilingualism research.Blog post originally posted on http://understandingwords.com/2017/10/30/what-can-lexical-decision-tasks-tell-us-about-bilingual-language-processing/.
Essentialist biases in reasoning about emotions
Authors: Berent Iris , Barrett Lisa Feldman , Platt Melanie
Published: September 2019

A large literature debates whether emotions are universal and innate. Here, we ask whether reasoning about such matters is shaped by intuitive Essentialist biases that link innateness to the material body. To gauge the perception of innateness, we asked laypeople to evaluate whether emotion categories will be recognized spontaneously by hunter-gatherers who have had no contact with Westerners. Experiment 1 shows that participants believe that emotions are innate and embodied (facially and internally), and these two properties correlate reliably. Experiment 2 demonstrates that the link is causal. When told that emotions are localized in specific brain areas (i.e., embodied), participants concluded that emotions are innate. Experiment 3 shows that this naïve view persists even when participants are explicitly informed that these emotions are acquired. Our results are the first to suggest that laypeople believe that emotions are embodied and therefore innate.
Visual features influence thought content in the absence of overt semantic information
Authors: Schertz Kathryn E , Kardan Omid , Berman Marc
Published: September 2019

It has recently been shown that the perception of visual features of the environment can influence thought content. Both low-level (e.g., fractalness) and high-level (e.g., presence of water) visual features of the environment can influence thought content, in real-world and experimental settings where these features can make people more reflective and contemplative in their thoughts. It remains to be seen, however, if these visual features retain their influence on thoughts in the absence of overt semantic content, which could indicate a more fundamental mechanism for this effect. In this study, we removed this limitation, by creating scrambled edge versions of images, which maintain edge content from the original images but remove scene identification. Non-straight edge density is one visual feature which has been shown to influence many judgements about objects and landscapes, and has also been associated with thoughts of spirituality. We extend previous findings by showing that non-straight edges retain their influence on the selection of a “Spiritual & Life Journey” topic after scene identification removal. These results strengthen the implication of a causal role for the perception of low-level visual features on the influence of higher-order cognitive function, by demonstrating that in the absence of overt semantic content, low-level features, such as edges, influence cognitive processes.
What Ideas of Victimization and Vulnerability Mean for Criminological Theory: A Logical Appraisal
Authors: Schreck Christopher J. , Berg Mark T.
Published: September 2019

This paper examines an intellectual orthodoxy among criminological theories, namely their preoccupation with the offender and the exclusion of any mention of the victim. We show that any theory of crime in fact can define two related ideas about the victim, here called ideas of victimization and vulnerability, fixing their meaning and producing a constellation of testable predictions about their empirical properties. We then conduct a theoretical exercise contrasting how the internal logic of substantive positivist theories and choice theories would specify these ideas. We found that substantive positivism is not only the probable source of the aforementioned intellectual orthodoxy, but it also generates predictions about victimization and vulnerability that are inconsistent with the known facts. Choice theories, in contrast, incentivize scholars to attend to the victim and are able to make predictions that not only are consistent with known facts but that also suggest rich possibilities for the future growth of theory and research. Consideration of these ideas have important implications for falsifying longstanding criminological perspectives, by casting doubt on any crime theory that is unable to make believable empirical predictions about victimization and vulnerability.
Floatability of Chalcopyrite by Glycolipid Biosurfactants as Compared to Traditional Thiol Surfactants
Authors: Dhar Priyanka , Chernyshova Irina V. , Thornhill Maria , Roelants Sophie , Soetaert Wim , Kota Hanumantha Rao
Published: September 2019

To reduce environmental and occupational impact of flotation reagents, there is an emerging need to find greener reagents for sulphide mineral flotation. This study presents a comparison of the interactions of chalcopyrite with three glycolipid biosurfactants (sophorolipid, glucolipid and glucoside) and three traditional thiol surfactants (collectors) to assess the potential of the biosurfactants as collectors. The mineral-surfactant interactions are studied using adsorption isotherm, zeta potential, FTIR spectroscopy and flotation tests. We find that glycolipid biosurfactants hold high potential as collectors for flotation of copper sulphides.
Production of Non-Toxic Biosurfactant – Surfactin – Through Microbial Fermentation of Biomass Hydrolysates for Industrial and Environmental Applications
Authors: Lamsal Buddhi P. , Patra Pathra , Sharma Rajat , Green Christopher C.
Published: September 2019

The economically viable large-scale production of the pure isoforms of the surfactin biosurfactants, involving bacterial – Bacillus subtilis – fermentation of biomass hydrolysate feedstock, relies on the types of bacterial strains, optimization of the fermentation processing parameters, differences in the composition of the carbon and nitrogen in the bacterial media, and the chromatography techniques used for isolation of the isoforms. Here, we biosynthesized the surfactin isoforms in their mixture forms through fermentation of biomass hydrolysates at 2 wt.% carbohydrate content. The surfactin isoforms were assessed for their surface-active properties and toxicity. The enzyme hydrolysates considered were from switchgrass, soyhull (fiber), alfalfa, and bagasse. The isoform mixtures obtained after fermentation of the hydrolysates and, glucose as a control, were concentrated using chromatography columns, and characterized for molecular weights (MWs) and relative distribution using LCMS. The isoform mixtures, obtained in different fermenters (5- and 15-L) and, for different hydrolysates, invariably constituted 5 isoforms with MWs as 992.6, 1006.6, 1020.6, 1034.6, 1048.6, 1062.6 m/z amu, with their relative proportions as 6, 24, 35, 24, and 10 weight % respectively. The surface tension values of all these isoforms, in the absence of electrolytes and at 12 ppt salinity, were similar: 37 (pH 6.5) and 31 (pH 9.5) mN/m. Furthermore, the emulsification index values for the isoforms were also similar: Dispersant-to-Oil ratio as 1:20. The LC50 for Gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis for these surfactin isoforms ranged between 10 and 20 mg/L; a microbially-produced surfactin variant FA-Glu (Fatty acid Glutamate) was least toxic with LC50 at ∼100 mg/L. Thus, the surfactin synthesis approach adopted here suggested that pure (>95 wt.%) non-toxic isoforms of surfactin biosurfactants can be produced in the forms of their mixtures with surface-active properties similar to those of the pure forms of the surfactin isoforms.
ما جاءَ على غيرِ حالِهِ مِنْ كلامِ العربِ في بابِ الأفعالِ /The unusual verb structure in Arabic Utterance
Authors: Almosa Saeed , Al-Ltiniy Yahya Ahmad
Published: September 2019

ملخص البحث: 

يهدف البحث إلى الإتيان على المواضع التي خرجت عن كلام العرب في باب الأفعال، وبيان تعليلات النحويين وتأويلاتهم لها، ولإنجازه أُتبع المنهج الوصفي الاستقرائي، وقُسّم البحث إلى ثلاثة مباحث، المبحثُ الأولُ: ما جاءَ على غيرِ حالِهِ من الأفعالِ الناسخةِ وما في معناها، والمبحث الثاني: ما جاء على غير حاله من تعدي اللازم بنفسه، والمبحث الثالث: ما جاء على غير حاله من الأفعال لأغراض معنوية خاصة. من أبرز نتائجه: أنه ظهر من خلال هذه الدراسة أهمية الدراسة الأصولية، والتعليلات والتأويلات النحوية، ومما جاء على غير حاله استخدام كان لغير المضي، ومجيء خبر الفعل الناسخ (عسى) مفرداً، ومشابهة جاءَ ونظائره لــ: (صار الناسخة)، والأفعال التي تأتي لأغراض معنوية مثل فعلي التعجب، ونعم وبئس، وحبذا ولا حبذا.

الكلمات المفتاحية: الدراسة الأصولية-ما جاءَ على غيرِ حالِهِ– كلام العرب–الأفعال.

  

Abstract

This research aims to shed light on unusual verb structures in Arabic and the justifications provided by the grammarians. It follows a descriptive approach and comes in three topics: The first deals with the unusual structures in the verbs that change the last vowel and the meaning of the subject and predicate (nÉsikh), the second deals with the unusual structures of the intransitive verbs. The third deals with the unusual structures of the verbs with special purposes. Among the most important conclusions of the study: the importance of fundamental studies was felt in this undertaking; the grammatical justifications and interpretation; the unusual structure has its own usage of changing the last vowel of the subject and predicate of the sentence similar to the function of the implicit verbs such as in the exclamation of surprise (taÑajjub), niÑma and bi’sa, ÍabbazÉ and lÉ habbazÉ.

Keywords: Unusual structure – Arabic verbs – deeds

 

Abstrak

Kajian ini bertujuan membincangkan struktur kata kerja perbuatan luar biasa dalam Bahasa Arab dan sebab-sebab yang telah dikemukan oleh para pakar tatabahasa Arab. Ia menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan mengandungi tiga topik: Yang pertama membincangkan struktur luar biasa kata perbuatan dalam kata kerja yang berfungsi menukarkan baris akhir dan makna subjek dan predikat (nÉsikh), keduanya membincangkan struktur luar biasa kata kerja intransitif. Ketiganya membincangkan struktur luar biasa kata kerja yang mempunyai tujuan-tujuan tertentu. Di antara kesimpulan terpenting kajian ialah: kajian asas amat diperlukan dalam pengkajian isu ini yang merupakan sebab-sebab yang berkaitan tatabahasa dan interpretasi; strutur luar biasa itu mempunyai kegunaannya yang tersendiri yang menukarkan vowel terkahir subjek dan perdikat sesuatu ayat yang merupakan satu fungsi serupa dengan fungsi kata-kata kerja implisit seperti (taÑajjub), niÑma and bi’sa, ÍabbazÉ and lÉ habbazÉ.

Kata kunci: Struktur luar biasa – Kata kerja  – Perbuatan- perbuatan.
ÇALIŞMA SERMAYESİ İLE FİNANSAL PERFORMANS ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN ALT SEKTÖRLER BAZINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI İNCELENMESİ: BIST ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KARAGÖZOĞLU Gülgün , AKTAŞ Rabia , KAYALIDERE Koray
Published: September 2019

Çalışmanın amacı, Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören imalat sanayi
firmalarının çalışma sermayesi ile finansal performansları arasındaki ilişkisinin
toplulaştırılmış ve alt sektörler açısından dönemsel olarak karşılaştırmalı incelenmesidir.
102 imalat sanayi firmasının 2005 - 2017 dönemi verileri kullanılarak yapılan
analizler sonucunda, imalat sanayi genelinde finansal performans ile çalışma
sermayesi belirleyicileri arasında pozitif ve borç/özkaynak oranı arasında
negatif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar alt sektörlerde farklılık
göstermekle birlikte, cari oran ve borç/özkaynak oranının finansal performans
üzerinde yaygın etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
FİNANSAL RAPORLAMA STANDARTLARININ BİLGİ ASİMETRİSİNİ AZALTICI ROLÜNE DAİR TEORİK İNCELEME
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Fevzi Serkan
Published: September 2019

Bilgi asimetrisi, bilginin
taraflar arasındaki dağılımındaki dengesizliğine işaret eden bir kavramdır.
İşletmelere dair bilgilerin de bütünüyle sosyal paydaşlar ile paylaşılması
teorik olarak da pratik olarak da mümkün değildir. Ancak hiç değilse, işletmeye
dair ekonomik kararlar yapılandırmak durumunda olan sosyal paydaşların, bilgi
ihtiyaçlarını yeterince karşılayacak nitelikli bilgileri sağlayabilmeleri esastır. Bilgiler finansal raporlarda ve
hazırlanıyor ise faaliyet raporlarında sunulur. Finansal raporlarda asgari
düzeyde nelerin sunulması gerektiğini finansal raporlama çerçevesi belirler.
Finansal raporlama çerçevesi, o ülkedeki geçerli mevzuat hükümlerini içerir.
Türkiye’de kamuya hesap verme yükümlülüğü veya bağımsız denetime tabi olma
kriterleri bakımından, farklı işletmeleri etkisi altına alan finansal raporlama
çerçeveleri üçe ayrılabilir: Tekdüzen Muhasebe Sistemi (TDMS), Büyük ve Orta
Boy İşletmeler İçin Finansal Raporlama Standardı (BOBİ FRS) ve Türkiye Finansal
Raporlama Standartları (TFRS) Seti’dir. Bunlardan TDMS, türü ve niteliği ne
olursa olsun yürürlüğe girdiği 1 Ocak 1994 tarihinden bu yana her işletme için
geçerliliğini sürdürmektedir. BOBİ FRS, bağımsız denetime tabi olup Türkiye
Finansal Raporlama Standartlarını uygulamayan işletmelerin münferit ve
konsolide finansal tablolarının hazırlanmasında zorunlu olarak başvurulan
çerçevedir. Bir diğer finansal raporlama çerçevesi de Türkiye Finansal
Raporlama Standartları adıyla yayımlanan Standart Seti’dir. Kamuya hesap verme
yükümlülüğü bulunan veya halka açık işletmeler için geçerli olan bu çerçeve
uluslararası standartların Türkçe'ye çevrilmesinin ardından yasallaştırılmaktadır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı da finansal raporlama çerçevelerinden Standart Seti’nin,
TDMS’ye nazaran enformasyon asimetrisini azaltıcı bir rol üstlenip
üstlenmediğinin teorik olarak irdelenmesidir. Böyle bir irdeleme için, her iki
sistemi de uygulamak durumunda işletme örneği esas alınmıştır. Yani halka açık
işletme örneğinden yararlanılmıştır.
BAĞIMSIZ DENETİM STANDARTLARI KAPSAMINDA GRUP ŞİRKETLERİNİN ÖNEMLİLİK DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ-KULLANILAN YÖNTEMLERİN İNCELENMESİ BAYESİAN MODELİ UYULAMASININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESi
Authors: AKDOĞAN Nalan , MULUK Zehra
Published: September 2019

Denetim standartlarına göre denetçi; bağımsız denetim tekniklerinin yapısını, zamanlamasını ve kapsamını belirlerken, yanlışlıkların etkisini değerlendirirken ve denetçi görüşü oluştururken, önemlilik kavramını dikkate almak zorundadır. Bu çalışmada, grup şirketlerinde denetim riskinin hesaplanmasında, önemli yanlışlık düzeyinin bir bütün olarak topluluk finansal tablolarının önemliliğinin tespitinde kullanılabilecek yöntemler incelenmiştir. Topluluk finansal tabloları için belirlenen önemlilikten daha düşük tutarlardaki yanlışlıkları içerebilecek özel işlem sınıflarının, hesap bakiyelerinin topluluk finansal tablolarında bulunduğu durumlarda, bunlara uygulanmak üzere önemlilik düzeyi veya düzeylerinin tespiti gerekir. Bu konuda etkili olan çeşitli değişkenlerin hesaplanmasında tek unsura dayalı denetim risk modeli yerine çoklu unsurlara dayanan denetim risk modeli kullanılması tercih edilebilir. Bu konuda Bayesian modelinin kullanımı bazı araştırmacılar tarafından önerilmektedir. Bu modelle denetim maliyetlerinin düştüğü ileri sürülmektedir.
Україна на розломі цивілізацій / Автор-упорядник О. Домбровський. – Вінниця, 2018. – 174 c.
Authors: Мазило Ігор
Published: September 2019

У статті прорецензовано наукове видання «Україна на розломі цивілізацій» науковця , політика Олександра Домбровського. Автор – людина авторитетна, добре володіє матеріалом і знає предмет свого дослідження. Відтак, його твердженням і висновкам можливо довіряти. Текст книги складається з вибраних статей спрямованих на власну інтерпретацію етапних сторінок українського минулого і сьогодення, запропоновано нове бачення окремих подій історії України і як на них впливав релігійний фактор. Сформульоване власне бачення нинішнього геополітичного вибору України. Можливо стверджувати, що автор долучився до вирішення складного завдання, яким переймаються інтелектуали і частина політикуму, – вироблення певних принципів побудови нової моделі розвитку нашого суспільства.
Основні засади діяльності дитячих трудових виховних колоній в Україні 1942-1945 рр.
Authors: Силка Ольга , Романюк Іван
Published: September 2019

У статті розглядається нормативно-правова база функціонування дитячих виправних колоній, динаміка їх збільшення, умови функціонування. Важливим заходом виправлення підлітків, які знаходились в колонії, була індивідуальна виховна робота, яка проводилася на основі глибокого вивчення особистості кожного вихованця та причин скоєння правопорушень. В основі перевиховання неповнолітніх в трудових колоніях була праця. При цьому існували проблеми того часу, які заважали функціонуванню виправних закладів.
Вінницький період діяльності міністра освіти УНР Івана Огієнка: внесок у процес формування національної освітньої системи (лютий 1919 р.)
Authors: Марчук Олександр
Published: September 2019

У статті на основі архівних джерел, матеріалів преси та праць істориків досліджується внесок міністра освіти УНР Івана Огієнка у процес формування національної системи освіти під час перебування очолюваного ним відомства у Вінниці. З’ясовано організаційні проблеми, пов’язані з налагодження роботи Міністерства народної освіти УНР на новому місці, схарактеризовано основні напрямки діяльності профільного міністра, окреслено підготовлені з його ініціативи, а згодом ухвалені і затверджені законопроекти, розглянуто накази і розпорядження, що стосувалися різних аспектів функціонування національної освітньої системи, наповнення її кадровою, матеріально-технічною та іншими складовими.
2018 Fifa Dünya Kupası Şampiyonu Fransa Milli Takımının Başarı Analizi
Authors: KARTAL Alper , ERGİN Esin
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada, son dünya kupası şampiyonu Fransa milli takımının şampiyonluk başarısının farklı değişkenler açısından analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Fransa milli takımının araştırma verileri, WyScout futbol analiz internet sitesinden elde edilmiştir. Maçlarda, atılan toplam şut, başarılı pas, öne pas, başarılı öne pas, isabetli şut, atılan gollerin zaman dilimine göre dağılımı, uzun pas, korner atışı, kanatlardan hücum tehlike düzeyleri, takım boyu, futbolcular arasında yapılan en sık pas kombinasyonları ve top hakimiyeti gibi parametreler ele alınıp analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS (20.0) programında kaydedilmiştir, frekans yüzde değerleri ve korelasyon hesaplanarak yorumlanmıştır. Şampiyon Fransa Milli takımının attığı gollerin %66,6’sını ilk yarıda atarken gollerin %50’sini 31-45. dakikalar arasında atmıştır. Fransa turnuva boyunca 77 tane şut atarken bunların 29 tanesi isabetli olmuştur ve %37,66’lık bir başarı oranı sağlamıştır. Turnuva da Fransa Milli takımının başarılı pas oranı %84,93’tür, başarılı ileri pas oranı ise %74,35’dir. Fransa Milli takımının turnuva boyunca maksimum top hakimiyet süresi %66’lık bir orandır ve takım boyu ortalaması 42,57 metredir. Fransa Milli takımının yüksek pas oranı, şut oranı, olumlu pas yüzdesi ve takım boyundaki yakınlık şampiyonluğun oluşumunda önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Sonuç olarak; önemli turnuvalarda, başarılı olabilmek için gerekli pek çok unsuru Fransa Milli takımının yüksek oranda yaptığı söylenebilir.
Vertreibung durch Entwicklungsprojekte und ihre Legitimierung
Authors: Ziai Aram
Published: September 2019

Der Artikel untersucht, wie die Vertreibung durch Infrastrukturprojekte im Entwicklungsdiskurs legitimiert wird. Drei typische Legitimationsmuster sind die Unausweichlichkeit des Fortschritts, das Allgemeinwohl und die Eigentumsrechte. Sie sind eng verknüpft mit Elementen des Entwicklungsdiskurses: der Transformation geokultureller Unterschiede in historische Stadien, dem othering vermeintlich rückständiger Gruppen, dem Konzept der Treuhandschaft und der Annahme positiver Effekte von Investitionen.