bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study between levobupivacaine with clonidine and levobupivacaine with fentanyl in epidural labour analgesia in rural set up
Authors: Mishra Prashant K. , Singh Anand K. , Divedi Pragati
Published: August 2017

Background: Neuraxial techniques are the gold standard for intrapartum labour analgesia. Neuraxial labour analgesia using new local anaesthetics such as levobupivacaine has become very popular by virtue of the safety and lesser motor blockade caused by these agents. Multiple randomized controlled trials comparing epidural analgesia with systemic opioids, nitrous oxide or both have demonstrated lower internal pain scores and higher maternal satisfaction with neuraxial analgesia. The purpose of this study is to compare fentanyl and clonidine combination with levobupivacaine in terms of effect of epidural labour analgesia on fetal outcome and incidence of instrumental or caesarean delivery and duration of second stage of labour.Methods: A total of 50 primiparous with singleton pregnancy and vertex presentation and cervical dilatation of 3-5 cm were enrolled for the study in our hospital in department of obstetrics and gynecology. They were divided into group 1 and group 2 (25 patients in each group). Group 1 received 10 ml. of 0.125% isobaric levobupivacaine with 25µg fentanyl and group 2 received 10 ml of 0.125% isobaric levobupivacaine with 60 µg clonidine. Parturients were given epidural analgesia on numerical rating scale (NRS) Score >3. Breakthrough pain supplemented with 3-5 ml of 0.125% levobupivacaine. Data collected were demographic profile of the patients, analgesic qualities, 1st and 2nd stage labour duration, side effects and feto-maternal outcome.Results: Post treatment mean NRS were almost similar between two groups at all periods except at 15 minutes when it was significantly lower for group 2 (2.64±0.49). Onset of analgesia was earlier in group 2 (13.68±0.94) in comparison to group 1 (15.36±1.18) and was statistically significant.Conclusions: In conclusion Group 2 (levobupivacaine with clonidine) showed significant difference in early onset of analgesia but did not show any significant difference in duration of labour, maternal and fetal outcome and mode of delivery.
De Quervain`s disease: evaluation by high resolution ultrasonography
Authors: Das Abhishek , B. J. Prabhu
Published: August 2017

Background: De Quervain's tenosynovitis is a stenosing tenosynovitis of the first extensor compartment of wrist and leads to wrist pain and impaired function of wrist and hand.  The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of high resolution ultrasonography in diagnosing suspected cases of de Quervain’s tenosynovitis and also to evaluate the role of high resolution ultrasonography in detecting the anatomical variants of the first extensor compartment which are predisposing conditions for de Quervain’s tenosynovitis.Methods: A prospective study of 15 consecutive cases who were referred with clinical diagnosis of de Quervain`s disease was done with ultrasonography in the department of Radio-diagnosis and findings were carefully analysed.Results: Thickened extensor retinaculum over the first extensor compartment was found in all the cases. Mean thickness of the thickened retinaculum is 1.65 mm. In 60% of cases multiple slips of APL tendon were found.Conclusions: From the study, we conclude that extensor retinaculum thickening is a common finding in de Quervain`s disease.
Prevalence of depression among people who attempt suicide
Authors: G Ramanujam , Rahuman Abdul , Mahalakshmi R.
Published: August 2017

Background: This is a study aimed at assessing the prevalence of major depressive disorder among persons who attempted suicide.Methods: The study involved 30 persons above 18years of age of both sexes who has attempted suicide in the recent past. An informed consent was obtained from all of them. The prevalence of depression among those suicide attempters was studied based on major ICD- 10 depression inventory. Also, intent rating based on Beck’s suicide intent scale was done to assess the severity of suicide attempt. Questionnaire was given and the details were collected.Results: The prevalence of depression is estimated to be 20%. Regarding the suicidal intent, 13 cases (43.33%) showed high intent for suicide.Conclusions: Prevalence of depression is common among people who attempt suicide. Early diagnosis and intervention will reduce suicide attempts.
Post phototherapy bilirubin rebound: incidence and risk factors
Authors: Soni Richa , Kaushik Shayam L. , Kaushik Rajni , Bhardwaj Parveen , Mohabey S.
Published: August 2017

Background: Rebound hyperbilirubinemia may occur after cessation of phototherapy in new-borns in certain high-risk situations. However, data regarding the phenomenon of bilirubin rebound is lacking from India. Aim was to study the incidence and associated risk factors of post phototherapy rebound hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: The study subjects included all neonates (gestation >34 weeks) admitted to newborn unit who required phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia. Unit protocol based on American academy of pediatrics (AAP) guidelines were used to start and stop phototherapy. Rebound bilirubin was measured 24±6 hours after stopping phototherapy. Significant bilirubin rebound (SBR) was defined as post phototherapy bilirubin level needing reinstitution of phototherapy. The risk factors associated with significant rebound were studied.Results: Out of total 509 neonates who received phototherapy due to hyperbilirubinemia, 63 (12%) had significant bilirubin rebound requiring reinstitution of phototherapy. There was significant risk for rebound in neonates who had prematurity (p <0.01), ABO (<0.001) and Rh incompatibility (p<0.005) with mother, G6PD deficiency (p < 0.001) and onset of hyperbilirubinemia less than 72 hours of postnatal age (p< 0.001). However, neonates with extravasations of blood, polycythaemia, sepsis, other causes of haemolysis and idiopathic group did not have significant risk of developing rebound.Conclusions: Post phototherapy bilirubin estimation and follow up should be ensured in high-risk neonates.
Role of closed intramedullary interlocking nailing in comminuted fractures of long bones in lower limbs
Authors: Sreen Sanjeev , Daroch Manjit S. , Vashisht Deepak , Kapil Nitish
Published: August 2017

Background: Fractures are the most common form of skeletal injuries encountered in orthopaedic practice. Increase in mechanization and high-speed travel are accompanied by increase in the number and severity of the fracture. Our ultimate goal of femur and tibia fracture management is restoration of alignment, rotation and length, preservation of blood supply to aid union, prevention of infection and early rehabilitation of the patient.Methods: 30 adult patients of either sex with 30 comminuted fractures of long bones were treated with closed intramedullary interlocking nail. AO type B3 and C in femur and tibia are included. There were 25 males and 5 females, and average age of patients was 36.2 years. Out of 30 cases, 13 cases were of femur fracture while 17 cases were of tibia fracture. There were 21 closed and 9 patients had Grade I open fractures.Results: Closed intramedullary interlocking nailing was done in 13 cases of femur fracture and 17 cases of tibia fracture. The average duration of partial weight bearing in femur fractures was 4.85 weeks and in tibia fractures was 5.53 weeks. 20 fractures united without additional intervention. The average duration of radiological union in femur fractures was 18.65 weeks and for tibia fractures was 19.29 weeks.Conclusions: Closed intramedullary interlocking nailing is the treatment of choice of comminuted fractures of long bones in lower limbs which cause minimum damage to the blood supply of the fracture fragments which promotes the chances of bone union.
A prospective study on morphological alteration of megakaryocytes amongst megaloblastic anemia cases along with their clinic-haematological manifestations
Authors: Mansuri Benazeer , Thekdi Komal P.
Published: August 2017

Background: Megaloblastic anemias are hematologic disorders in which abnormal DNA synthesis causes blood and bone marrow disorders. The cause of thrombocytopenia in megaloblastic anemia has been postulated as hypoproduction in some studies, whereas ineffective thrombopoeisis has been proposed in other. Objective was to study spectrum of clinic-hematological features in megaloblastic anemia and comparative bone marrow aspiration study of thrombocytopenia secondary to megaloblastic anemia, hypoproduction and hyper-destruction. This study was done to understand the various megakaryocytic alterations in hematological disorders presenting with thrombocytopenia due to different mechanisms.Methods: Total 85 cases of thrombocytopenia included in the study. Bone marrow finding in 33 cases of thrombocytopenia of megaloblastic etiology were compared with 34 cases of marrow proven hypo productive thrombocytopenia (aplastic anemia, acute leukemia) and 19 cases of hyper destructive thrombocytopenia (immune thrombocytopenia).Results: Most common age group presenting megaloblastic anemia is 11-20 year, with male to female ratio is1.2:1, most common complaint were generalized weakness and fever. In megaloblastic anemia 24.33%, 60% and 15.67% of the cases shows increase, decrease and normal megakaryocytes respectively. Dysplastic megakaryocytes were observed in 24.3%, 27% and 20.5% of the cases of megaloblastic anemia, acute leukaemia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura respectively.Conclusions: Both hypoproduction and ineffective thrombopoiesis are the underlying path mechanisms in megaloblastic thrombocytopenia as evidenced by the marrow findings. We hereby infer that megaloblastic thrombocytopenia is to be included as a separate category apart from hypo proliferative and hyper destructive groups. The presence of dysplastic megakaryocyte should not prompt an interpretation
Tropical sprue in megaloblastic anemia
Authors: Chidambaram Yoganathan , Mambatta Anith Kumar , Sivaraj Sujith K.
Published: August 2017

Background: The causes of megaloblastic anemia may vary in different geographical regions. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the utilization of bone marrow examination and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) in megaloblastic anemia.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study done on 50 patients (age ≥15years) of macrocytic anemia after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. A bone marrow aspiration with biopsy and an UGIE with duodenal biopsy were performed in consented patients with evidence of megaloblastic anemia in the peripheral smear or Vitamin B12 deficiency or folate deficiency or both.Results: Out of 50 cases, 38 patients had pure Vitamin B12 deficiency, 2 patients had pure folate deficiency and 5 patients had combined deficiency. Among 43 patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, only four (9.3%) were vegetarians and remaining 39 (90.7%) were having non-vegetarian diet. Bone marrow study was done in 29 patients (out of 50) and all of them were found to have megaloblastic erythropoiesis in the bone marrow. Thirty three out of 50 consented for UGIE and duodenal biopsy. Out of 33, 17 patients (51.5%) had features of tropical sprue in biopsy.Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of tropical sprue in megaloblastic anemia due to Vitamin B12 and/or folate deficiency. We recommend that UGIE with deep duodenal biopsy should be considered in all patients with megaloblastic anemia to rule out tropical sprue in India.
Frequency of metabolic syndrome in stroke: a study in a tertiary health care centre in north Kerala
Authors: P. K. Swapna
Published: August 2017

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in developing countries beginning to affect young adults. Key components of the metabolic syndrome are important risk factors for stroke. This study intended to study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with stroke. Screening adolescents and young adults for components of metabolic syndrome will prove useful in clinical management, and its elements ultimately become important therapeutic targets for the reduction of stroke burden in the general population.Methods: Data was collected from 150 patients who were admitted with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in the Department of Medicine. Frequency tests were conducted for various risk factors. Chi-square and Fisher exact test were used to test the significance of proportion of study parameters in the classes. The observations in this study were analysed using SPSS software.Results: Metabolic syndrome was present in 46% of the study population. Among the components of the metabolic syndrome, Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor (68%). 67.14% of the population had 2 components of metabolic syndrome which predisposes them to a greater risk of developing metabolic syndrome over a period of few months to years.Conclusions: With the obesity epidemic, the impact of the metabolic syndrome is likely to increase. Thus, diagnosing and adequately managing metabolic syndrome is an important step in the preventing cerebrovascular disease. This study emphasises the need to target the population with one or more components of the metabolic syndrome as they are at high risk of developing stroke in the future.
Blood group and its relationship with bleeding time and clotting time- an observational study among the 1st MBBS students of Gauhati medical college, Guwahati
Authors: Baishya Reeta , Sarkar Raj , Barman Barasha
Published: August 2017

Background: Blood group and its relation to bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT) is important in conditions like epistaxis, thrombosis, and surgery. Earlier studies depicted O group having prolonged BT and CT. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of BT and CT with ABO groups.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of physiology, Gauhati medical college. The study included 154 students. Blood grouping was determined with the standard antiserum; BT and CT were estimated by the duke method and slide method, respectively. Blood group and its relation to BT, CT were analyzed by Chi-square analysis.Results: Blood group O (42.2%) was predominant in both genders followed by B (31.8%), A (21%), AB (4.5%). CT was found to be more than 6 minutes in group O (31.57%) followed by group AB (26.31%), A and B (21.05%). The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.02). BT was found to be more than 4 minutes in group O (82.35%) followed by A (11.76%), B (5.88%), and AB (0%). That was statistically significant (p = 0.01). CT was more than 6 minutes in 57.89% in females as compared to 42.10% in males, variation was statistically significant (p = 0.01). BT was more than 4 minutes in 58.82% females as compared to 41.17% in males. The variation was statistically significant (p = 0.03).Conclusions: In present study blood group O was more common followed by B, A, and AB. CT and BT were prolonged in O group. BT and CT were more in females than males.
Fetomaternal outcome in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Fareed Perveena , Siraj Farhana , Lone Kouser
Published: August 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the fetomaternal outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methodology: This study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology GMC Srinagar. Patients with period of gestation more than 28 weeks with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus were included in study group and 100 non diabetic patients with similar period of gestation were taken as controls. Risk factors and fetomaternal outcome was compared in the two groups.Results: Gestational diabetes was seen commonly in patients with >30 years of age, increased parity, Positive family history and past poor obstetric history. Antepartum complications were seen more frequently in GDM group. Caesarean section rate was also high (74%) in diabetic group. Neonatal complications were seen more frequently in diabetic group. A significant percent (42.8%) patients developed overt diabetes over a one year follow up period. Conclusion: There was significant fetomaternal morbidity in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Hence early detection and treatment would reduce the fetomaternal mortality and morbidity.
Choanal polyp originating from superior turbinate
Authors: Ertugrul Suha , Ensari Serdar
Published: August 2017

Solitary, benign soft tissue masses starting at the nasal cavity and extending to the nasopharynx are termed choanal polyps. They most frequently originate in the maxillary sinus and are termed antra-choanal polyp. Cases of CP originating in the upper concha are rather rare and only one case has been reported in literature in the English language to the best of our knowledge. This paper discusses a CP case originating in the upper concha, which was treated by endoscopic surgical technique, in the light of its clinical presentation and radiological findings.
Left-sided gall bladder found incidentally during emergency laparoscopic appendectomy due to acute appendicitis
Authors: Janež Jurij
Published: August 2017

The gallbladder is affected by a large number of congenital anomalies, which may affect its location, number, size, or form. Some of these malformations are very rare and may lead to misdiagnosis. Knowledge of the location of the gallbladder is of great importance for the surgeon, particularly when cholecystectomy or other biliary surgery is to be performed. There are many variants not only of the position of the gallbladder but also in the way the cystic duct joins the biliary tree. The left-sided gallbladder remains a scarce anomaly with prevalence of 0.3%. This report presents a case of a young male patient, who was operated due to acute appendicitis. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed and at laparoscopy a left-sided gallbladder was found, located on the III liver segment, on the left side of the round ligament.
Lung involvement in accident victims: report of three cases
Authors: Chetambath Ravindran , Parengal Jabeed , Aslam Mohammed , Shivashankaran Sanjeev
Published: August 2017

Lungs are target organ for damage during accidents and contribute significantly to the mortality of the victims. Here we present three different types of accidental injury to the lungs leading to respiratory failure and their varied presentations.
An interesting case of young onset diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gulati Shipra , Batra Tanvi , Dhamne Akshay A. , Gokhale Vijayashree S.
Published: August 2017

A 24 years old female, was admitted with symptoms of urinary tract infection. She was married and had bad obstetric history. She was known diabetic for 16 years of age and was on regular treatment with injection human insulin mixtard since the time of diagnosis, but had no episode of diabetic ketosis/ ketoacidosis. She had a positive family history of diabetes. She was further evaluated and was found to have normal C peptide levels and islet cell antibodies were found to be negative. Hence, the possibility of MODY (monogenic diabetes) was considered. Her genetic testing could not be done due to financial constraints. But a trial of sulfonylureas was given along with reduction in the dose of insulin to which she responded well and is presently well controlled.
Bilateral anterior opercular syndrome
Authors: Naqash Mohd Mubarik , Ahmad Feroze , Bhat Arif Nabi , Jalalie Umar
Published: August 2017

Opercular syndrome, also known as Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome is a rare disorder due to bilateral lesions of opercular cortex surrounding the insula. It is characterized by paralysis of facial, lingual, pharyngeal, and masticatory voluntary muscles with preservation of autonomic, involuntary, and reflexive functions. In the present case, a 71-years old female presented with acute onset of anarthria with difficulties in chewing, speaking, and swallowing that was diagnosed with opercular syndrome.
Is English language as a medium of instruction a hurdle for first year MBBS teaching learning? Perceptions of students and teachers
Authors: Gupta Madhur M. , Deshmukh Mahesh , Chari Suresh
Published: August 2017

Background: Presently there is a linguistic dualism i.e. thinking in one language and studying in the other. Proficiency in English is the need of the hour. However, for some an abrupt change in the medium of language along with introduction of terminologies can become a potential barrier to academic success.Methods: A questionnaire based study was carried out in 150 students and 25 teachers of first MBBS.Results: Majority of the students and teachers considered that English as a medium of instruction is not a problem. They also opined that English should be retained as a medium of instruction since it is of global importance; use of regional /national language should be allowed since it will help in dealing with patients and thus better patient care.Conclusions: Since English is the language of global importance, medical teachers should work together to find out a practical approach in addressing some of the problem areas faced by few medical students to help them perform better as an Indian medical graduate.
Rule of Law and Human Rights Challenges in South East Asia: A Case Study of Legal Pluralism in Indonesia
Authors: Isra Saldi , Ferdi Ferdi , Tegnan Hilaire
Published: August 2017

It has been over 72 years since Indonesia proclaimed her independence on 17 August 1945. However, the 350 years of the Dutch colonization is still impacting the lives of the Indonesian people. The difficulties faced by the Indonesian legal system as the government tries to accommodate adat (custom) and religion principles within the national law and the extent to which this legal mechanism affects the everyday life of the Indonesian people. In a nation where customs and religion are so preeminent, setting up an all-inclusive document meant to be the foundation of the state’s legal system at the dawn of independence was no easy task. This paper discusses the practice of legal pluralism in Indonesia and its struggle to implement rule of law and human rights principles after a half-century of authoritarian regimes. The study involves socio-legal research drawing on empirical data. Survey research was conducted between September 2014 and February 2015 at Utrecht University, the Netherlands, as well as in 5 cities in Indonesia (Aceh, Bali, Batam, Medan, and Padang) to collect data. The research reveals that legal pluralism is not helping to strengthen the Indonesian legal system, and that the foreignness of the Western law along with the neglect of the Indonesian customary and Islamic laws, totalitarianism and military involvement in politics, corruption within the state apparatus and unsynchronized laws weaken the legal system in Indonesia and hinder its effort to implement rule of law and human rights principles.
Legally Binding of the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlemet Body’s Decision
Authors: Yohanes Triyana , Sulistiyono Adi , Hawin M.
Published: August 2017

Dispute settlement system of the WTO DSB can be categorized as a judicial dispute settlement system. Decision (rulings and recommendations) in a dispute settlement made by the WTO DSB is binding and should be performed. In some cases, decisions made by the WTO DSB were not performed, and there is no sanction against the non-compliance with the decisions. The objective of this study is to analyze the legally binding character of the WTO DSB’s decision as a decision of a judicial organ. From the data analysis, it can be concluded that the WTO does not provide adequate sanctions against the non-compliance with the DSB’s decision. It leads to the interpretation of the DSB’s decision is international soft law norm which is not legally binding. Moreover, it can hamper the enforcement of the WTO Agreement and the achievement of the WTO’s goals. The WTO judicial system should be strengthened and improved by creating WTO independent court or tribunal, which has authority to make legally binding decision as international hard law.
Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Pari Toka-Toka (Himantura walga, Muller dan Henle 1841) yang Tertangkap dan di Daratkan di Cilincin
Authors: Novariani Novariani , Lubis Hafni , Fahmi Fahmi
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Rays are cartilaginous fishes that are commonly caught by fishermen in Java Sea especially in Jakarta Bay. One species of rays that has been oftenly caught is Himantura walga. Even though they are not categorized as target fishes, rays are susceptible to excessive fishing, due to their biological characteristics, so an effort is needed to conserve these fishes in the nature. As a first step to their conservation, an initial survey about its reproduction was done for Himantura walga. The survey covered spread of width size, sex ratio, growth pattern, sexual maturity level and the width size of males and females when they reach sexual maturity. Method used was descriptive with both market and purposive sampling. Chi square analysis showed that male and female ratio were well balanced. Result of regression showed that the width-weight correlation between male and female rays was allometrically positive. Most Captured males showed that their sexual maturity were at fully calcified stage (FC) while most females were at immature stage (TKG 1), according to their gonad condition. Males tend to reach sexual maturity earlier and have smaller body than females. Hence, it is advised for the fishermen to use selective fishing gears that are only able to capture adult rays.

Key words: Himantura walga, rays, reproduction biology
Studi Populasi Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) di Gunung Salak, Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun – Salak
Authors: Pribadi Dharmawan Pandu
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Javan Hawk – Eagles is an endemic raptor species in Java Island which is protected by the state and listed as endangered by IUCN and CITES Appendix II. The population of Javan Hawk - Eagles has been greatly reduced due to large-scale of illegal logging and forest destruction. The initial step that could be taken to preserve this species is to study the population in its natural habitat. Thus, studying the population of Javan Hawk - Eagles was the aim of this research. The research was conducted at Gunung Salak, Gunung Halimun – Salak National Park in February to March 2011. Method used was explorative descriptive with look-down method on particular. Data were analyzed descriptively by describing the species’ distribution map by using ArcGIS and ArcView GIS 3.3 softwares. The results showed that the eagle population consisted of    13 individuals with density and abundance values of 0.183 individuals/km2 (1 individual/6 km2) and 2. The values fell into “few category” and the distribution pattern was categorized as “uniform”. The eagles’ habitats were forest and hills at 797-1.383 meters above sea level although they are seen more often in forest.

 

Key words: Gunung Salak, Javan Hawk – Eagles, population
Deskripsi Tempat Penampungan Air Positif Larva Aedes aegypti di Kelurahan Cakung Timur
Authors: Aulia Sitti , Djamahar Refirman , Rahmayanti Rahmayanti
Published: August 2017

Abstract

The purpose of this study is describing the larva of Aedes aegypti positive water reservoir in Cakung Timur District, which is one of the endemic DHF areas. This is a descriptive research. This research was conducted to 100 residential houses, on October 2010. Larva that gets from water reservoir was brought to FMIPA UNJ laboratory to be examined further. There were 606 water reservoirs found in Cakung Timur District and 5.61% were Aedes aegypti larva positive. Type of water reservoir in Cakung Timur District with a potentially large against Aedes aegypti transmission is bath (15.13%), crock (4.80%), buckets (1.35%), and well (14.29%).

 

Key words: Aedes aegypti larva, Cakung Timur District, water reservoir
Pengaruh Kombinasi Sitokinin dan Gibberelin terhadap Pemanjangan Tunas Jambu Mete (Anacardium Occidentale L.) secara In Vitro
Authors: Ariyanti Febrina , Tumilisar Christiani , Yunita Rossa
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a plant with high economic value. Conventional propagation of this plant still has obstacles, so an alternative techniques using tissue culture could be tried. One of the factors that determine the success of tissue culture techniques is the type and concentration of growth regulators was used. Growth regulator which have effect on shoot elongation is a cytokinin and gibberellin, this research tried to investigate the influence of combination cytokinin and gibberelin on in vitro shoot elongation of cashew. This research was conducted at BB-Biogen, Bogor on June-November 2010. The method in this research was to design experimental method with completely randomized design. The result was cytokinin could increase the length of shoots and quantity of shoots very well until 4 cm and quantity of shoot for 5. With the most effective cytokinin is zeatin of 5 mg/l.

 

Key words: Anacardium occidentale L., cytokinin, elongation of shoots, gibberelin
Jenis-Jenis Reptilia di PPKA Bodogol, Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango
Authors: Yuniar Debby , Isfaeni Hanum , Sukandar Paskal , Noer Mohamad Isnin
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Ecological studies of reptiles in Java were rarely executed during the last decade, because many scientist have focused exclusively on taxonomical studies. Also, studies about diversity of reptiles which have been heretofore published mostly incorporated with amphibians, and nearly all of those studies concerning in unravel the diversity of amphibians. In Bodogol, Gede- Pangrango National Park, survey about reptiles diversity have been done frequently, but just few researches that have been published and most of all were short term research studies. Hence, a research that concern in studying diversity of reptiles become valuable to carry out. Herein, we studied the diversity of reptiles in Bodogol during November 2011 to March 2012. Reptiles’ species were collected by searching in available trail other than Tangkil, Cipanyairan I, and Cipanyairan II. Total of twenty three species of reptiles were found, encompassing six families (Colubridae, Elapidae, Viperidae, Scincidae, Agamidae, and  Gekkonidae).  Number  species of reptiles occured in Bodogol were quite similar to other largest nature reserve areas within the same geographic range (e.g. Halimun-Salak and Ujung Kulon National Park). Despite its small in size, Bodogol contains various types of habitat which therefore could support a variety species of reptiles.

 

Key words : bodogol, diversity, reptiles, java
Keanekaragaman Semut (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) pada Berbagai Subzona Hutan Pegunungan di Sepanjang Jalur Pendakian Cibodas, Taman Nasional Gunung Gede-Pangrango (TNGGP)
Authors: Arifin Irfanul
Published: August 2017

Abstract

The existence of ants in the nature are influenced by biotic and abiotic components. Different of conditions in a habitat determine biodiversity inside, belonging to ants diversity. This research was aim to know diversity, richness, and distribution of ants in various Mountain Forest Subzone in along Cibodas Climbing Track, TNGGP. It was first study about ants of TNGGP because no previous research was held so that can becomed reference for next research and conservation step. The used method was descriptive with survey technique of pit fall trap by alcohol located in 3 mountain forest subzones for 6 position that were Telaga Biru, Cibeureum waterfall, Air Panas, Kandang Badak, Mount Gede Summit, and Alun-Alun Suryakencana. This research has identified 4 subfamilies and 12 species. Diversity index of submontane, montane, and subalpine forest severally was about 1.568, 1.347, and 0.676.

 

Key words: ants diversity, Cibodas climbing track, montane, pit fall trap, subalpine, submontane
Kelimpahan Kodok Jam Pasir Leptophryne borbonica di Sepanjang Aliran Sungai Cisuren, Bodogol, Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango
Authors: Ardiansyah Dhany , Karunia Arini , Auliandina Talita , Putri Dien Anugerah , Noer Mohamad Isnin
Published: August 2017

There is high spatial variation in physical and chemical characteristics both within and between streams, some of which has been linked to natural factors. Stream characteristics affect many biological and physical processes. Leptophryne borbonica is stream-dependent toad that spend their life completely in or around stream. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of habitat characteristics on abundance of Leptophryne borbonica in Bodogol, Sukabumi, West Java. Survey was conducted to obtain data on 27 until 29 June 2013 along Cisuren stream of Bodogol. Parameters that used in this study were conductivity, temperature, humidity, and salinity. The findings showed that all physical factors of stream have weak correlation with the abundance of Leptophryne borbonica. Abiotic factors that forming an ecosystem could affect the abundance and distribution of a amphibians species, because amphibians are sensitive to environmental change. Our result suggested that chemical characteristics along this stream were within the range of fundamental niche of Leptophryne borbonica. However, the slightly different in the number of individuals obtained among plots indicated that there were other factors that may be at play.
Respon Perilaku Kupu–Kupu pada Kanopi Bercelah dan Kanopi Tertutup di Hutan PPKA Bodogol, Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango
Authors: Wijaya Riko Pandu , Diana Putri , Anggraeni Septiana , Kusyaifah Efah , Amalia Nurul
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Tropical forest vegetation varies with vegetation structure. Branch characteristics were very complex, created gaps with some variation.Gaps can form physical environment that affect the performance of motion, flight and thermoregulation of insects. The purpose of this study was to determine the behavioral response of butterflies to patch influenced by canopy covering of  a tropical rain forest rain. The study was conducted on 20-22 June 2013, in 6 pairs of patch   on the vegetation canopy gaps and closed canopy PPKA Bodogol, Sukabumi, West Java. Behavioral observations used was focal animal sampling technique and analyzed by Manova Test. Results showed that the location and species in both patch significantly affect the behavior of butterflies.

 

Key words: behavioural respons, butterfly , canopy gaps , closed canopy
Kecepatan Laju Reproduksi Vegetatif berbagai Jenis Bambu di PPKA Bodogol, Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango
Authors: Sulistyowati Syifa Eka , Marmy Dita Ervianti, Maulidia A.R. , Andria Rani F. , Fauziah Risna
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Bamboo spread naturally in tropical and subtropical regions of all continents except Europe, found at altitudes of up to 4000 meters above sea level. In the rainy season bamboo will experience growth of stems or bamboo shoot can grow 70% maximum height and diameter. The purpose of this research was to determine the rate of growth of bamboo in PPKA Bodogol, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. The result found 8 types of bamboo, there were Schizostachyum bamban, Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea, Dinochloa scandens, Bambusa vulgaris, Gigantochloa apus, Gigantochloa atter, Gigantochloa hasskarliana, and Gigantochloa sp. The growth rate all of species is 13,49 cm/ day. From some types of bamboo, the growth were above average and was found on the Schizostachyum bamban, Gigantochloa sp.. The Species with fastest growth is Gigantochloa sp and the longest is Gigantochloa apus.

 

Key words: bamboo, bamboo shoot, Gigantochloa, the rate of growth
Pengaruh Paparan Hipoksia terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Katalase dan Kadar Malondialdehid (MDA) pada Jaringan Hati Tikus
Authors: Puspitaningrum Rini , Lestari Amanda Putri , Murtiati Tri
Published: August 2017

Abstract

content in the tissue. Hypoxia can make the formation of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) which reactive to cell membrane. Body will avoid free radicals by producing antioxidant, such as catalase enzyme. The reaction between ROS and cell membrane will form malondialdehyde (MDA). Liver is the main location of catalase. This research was aimed to know the influence of hypoxia exposure toward catalase antioxidant activity and MDA content in the rat liver tissue. This research used experiment method with fully randomized design. Based on one way Anova test (p≤0.01), it was shown that there had no average difference on catalase activity and MDA content toward length hypoxia exposure. The conclusion of this research was no influence of hypoxia exposure toward catalase activity and MDA content in rat liver tissue.

 

Key words: catalase antioxidant activity, hypoxia, malondialdehyde (MDA) content,rat liver tissue
Uji Efektivitas Vaksin Flu Burung Subtipe H5N1 pada Ayam Kampung di Legok, Tangerang, Banten
Authors: Janovie Arria , Rusdi Rusdi , Supiyani Atin
Published: August 2017

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of Avian Flu Vaccine Subtype H5N1 on native chicken. There were several inclusion criteria to selected the chicks. The criteria were just native chicken in Legok, at least 8 weeks old and never been had previous vaccine program. Total of 20 chickens were used as samples. All chicken was split in two cages, cage A contained 10 chickens were treated with vaccine and cage B contained 10 chickens as a control. Then 0.5 mL of vaccine administered intramuscularly in the chicken breast. The effectiveness of vaccination determined by measuring antibody titers before and 3 weeks after vaccination program. Measurement of antibody titers obtained by HI (Hemagglutination Inhibition) test method. Result showed that antibody titers of native chicken increased after vaccination program. There were 70% of samples that have been vaccinated could be protected against  the virus. Three chickens as a control had positive titers prior to vaccination with a range of   21 - 22.

 

Key Word : test of effectiveness, homologue killed vaccine, antibody titers.
KADAR PEROKSIDA LIPID DAN AKTIVITAS SUPEROKSIDA DISMUTASE SERUM DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
Authors: KRISTINA HENI , SARTONO NURMASARI , RUSDI RUSDI
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus rapidly increase in industry and developing country. Oxidative stress was estimated has role in development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was aim to measure levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and also to analyse the relationship among both. This study was conducted on July-October 2014, using Ex Post Facto method and cross sectional design. The result showed that MDA serum levels significantly higher in diabetes mellitus patient compare to normal (P=0,000). Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in diabetes mellitus serum has no significant difference with normal (P=0,290).There was possitive correlation between levels of MDA and activity of SOD in type 2 diabetes mellitus but not significant (P=0,478) with rs=0,199, thus also in normal subject (P=0,194) with rs=0,355. There was no significant different between two correlation  coefficient  (P=0,6781).  In  conclusion,  there was significant different level of MDA, there was no significant different activity of SOD, there was positive correlation but not significant between levels of MDA and activity of SOD serum in type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal. And there was no significant different between two correlation coefficient.

 

Keywords: malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, type 2 diabetes mellitus
PENGAMATAN AKTIVITAS TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN DENGAN ALAT OPTO- VARIMEX® PADA KONDISI DIET TINGGI MINYAK TRANS
Authors: MASYITA NURUL , SANTOSO KOEKOEH , KUSUMORINI NASTITI , SATYANINGTIJAS ARYANI SISMIN , SUPIYANI ATIN
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Excessive energi consumption of high-fat diet increase the body’s adipose tissue which also affect the increased secretion of leptin, this is because leptin secretion is proportional to the mass of adipose tissue. Leptin activates the lateral hypothalamus as the center of hunger and feeding activity. The aim of this study was to obtain the relationship between high trans fat feeding on male Wistar rats and feeding activity. This method uses male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as an animal model. Sixteen rats were grouped into 4 treatment groups. The first group was given additional feed 20% trans fat, the second group was given additional feed 40% trans fat, a third group was given additional feed 60% trans fat, and the last as a control group. This feed was given once a day for 70 days. Observation of activities perform using Opto-varimex® auto-track system ver. 4.31. The results showed an corellation between activity based doses of trans fat.

Keywords: Opto-varimex®, Trans fat, Activity, Wistar rat.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI MIKROALGA
Authors: RAFAELINA MONIKA , RUSTAM YOSWITA , AMINI SRI
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Microalgaebiomass containschemicalcomponentssuch as vitamin, proteins, ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid and pigments. components with antioxidant activities can be found in only a few species of algae. The potential species of microalgae who have compounds act as antioxidant are Porphyridium cruentum and Chlorella sp. This study aimed to know the growth and antioxidant activity of P. cruentum and Chlorella sp. with the treatment of different cultures. Experimental method and completely randomized design was used as the research method. Antioxidant activity (Ic50 value) was measured by DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-pikrilhidrazil). SPSS 16.0 is used to analyze the data with General Linier Model (GLM) Univariate. The results of GLM Univariate test for cell density showed that there was significant different for cell density in species factors (p= 0,000), but there was no significant different for cell density in culture factors (p= 0,375), and GLM Univariate test for antioxidant activity showed that no significant different for antioxidant activity in species factors (p= 0,522) but siginificant different for antioxidant activity in culture factors (p= 0,001). There was significant different for growth in P. cruentum and Chlorella sp. but no significant different in indoor and outdoor culture, as well as there was no significant different antioxidant activity in two species but significant different in indoor and outdoor culture.

 

Keywords: growth, antioxidant activity, indoor cultivation, outdoor cultivation.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK LANSKAP DENGAN PREFERENSI SITUS OVIPOSISI KUPU-KUPU DI RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU KAWASAN JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: DIANA PUTRI , DJAMAHAR REFIRMAN , ISFAENI HANUM
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Urban area is dominated by land that  functioned  of  the  interest of  economy and  settlement,  but only a few land allocated for wildlife. The butterflies was one of the wildlife that could be found         in urban areas.The remaining habitat that can be used by butterflies assumed confined to the urban green space. Based on its life cycle, the butterflies having an initial phase (egg to larvae) is a phase which is generally require specific habitat. This research aims to determine the relationship between landscape characteristic and oviposition site preferences of butterfly. This research was conducted on April to June, 2014 at fifteen urban green spaces in East Jakarta by using descriptive survey technique. Landscape characteristics measured include area, perimeter, lawn area, closed vegetation area, open vegetation area, non vegetation area. Landscape characteristic not only measured from urban green space, but also measured from the area around urban green space within the scope of 100 meters  buffer. Results show that there is a relationship between landscape characteristic and oviposition site preferences. Significant positive correlation between the abundance and area correlation coefficients   rs (0,546), open vegetation area rs (0,758) and non vegetation buffer area rs (0,688). There was no significant correlation between the abundance with perimeter area,  lawn  area,  closed  vegetation  area,  non vegetation  area,  lawn  buffer,  open  vegetation  buffer  and  closed  vegetation  buffer.

 

Keywords: caterpillar,landscape characteristic, oviposition site, preferences, urban green space
PENGARUH AKTIVITAS FISIK MAKSIMAL DAN EKSTRAK DAUN BAMBU MANGGONG (Gigantochloa manggong) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS KATALASE PADA HATI TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: APRIANA RIRIEN APRIANA , SUPRIYATIN SUPRIYATIN , RAHAYU SRI
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Gigantochloa manggong, one of endemic bamboo plant in Indonesia is suspected have potensial as    an exogenous antioxidant. Exogenous antioxidant can help the activity of endogenous antioxidant on the body when overtraining occurs. Antioxidant can be measured by catalase enzymes activity. This present study was carried out to determine the effect of maximum physical activity and leaf bamboo extract on catalase activity in liver organ of rats. This research used experimental method with completely randomized design (cRD). The test groups were the control rats (E0R0), rats induced leaf extract (E1R0), rats treated swimming activity (E0R1) and rats induced leaf extract and swimming activity (E1R1). Data were analyzed by the two-way ANOVA statistical test. Bamboo leaf extract turned out to be non-toxic and leaf extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoids dan saponins. Catalase units in the control group = 1.00 unit/ml, the group which induced leaf extract = 0.89 unit/  ml, the group which treated maximum physical activity = 0.78 unit/ml and the group which treated maximum physical activity and induced leaf extract = 0.56 unit/ml. Based on statistical test, catalase activity no effect (p> 0,05) on rats. It was concluded that maximum physical activity can’t decreased catalase activity, leaf bamboo extract can’t increased catalase activity and there was no effect between maximum physical activity and manggong bamboo leaf extract on catalase activity in liver organ of rats.

 

Keyword : antioxidant, catalase, manggong bamboo, physical activity
ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI PENGHASIL SENYAWA ANTIBAKTERI YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN KARANG BATU DARI PERAIRAN BITUNG DAN SPONS DARI SELAT MAKASSAR
Authors: SUNNY FRANSISCA , KURNIATI TRI HANDAYANI , HATMANTI ARIANI
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Recently the needs of antibacterial compounds is increasing. This is due to the bacterial resistence to common antibacterial  compounds.  coral  and  sponge-ssociated  bacteria  are  potential  producer of antibacterial compounds. This research was aim to obtain coral and sponge-associated bacteria that could produce antibacterial compound. coral associated-bacteria was isolated from Bitung and   was isolated in Marine Agar by pour plate method. The antibacterial compounds were obtained by extraction using ethyl acetate and acetone. The antibacterial assay was performed by agar diffusion method using paper discs and was performed by testing with  Staphylococcus  aureus,  Bacillus  subtilis, Vibrio cholerae biotipe El Tor, and Escherichia coli. Total 37 isolate  was  isolated  from  corals and 25 isolate from sponge obtained from Selat Makassar. Based on the assay, only bacteria from sponge that showed antibacterial activity. Two sponge-associated bacteria, S.5-8 and  S.2-1 NRBC were found to inhibit S. aureus. From those isolates, isolate S.5-8 produced bigger clear zone (2,6 mm) than S.2-1 NRBC (1,5mm). S.5-8 could hydrolize gelatine whereas S.2-1 NRBC showed positive result on oxidase test and was able to fement xilose and arabinose to produce acid.

 

Key words: antibacterial activity, association, characterization, coral, isolation, sponge