bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factor structure of the HoNOS-LD: Further evidence of its validity and use as a generic outcome measure
Authors: Skelly Allan , D’Antonio Minh-Lieu
Published: January 2023

The HoNOS-LD seems reliable and sensitve to change when used as a team generic outcomes measure. In this paper we examine the factor structure of HoNOS-LDs administered at the end of assessment and prior to intervention (N=155). Four hypothesised factors were proposed as externalising behaviour problems, internalising behaviour problems, loss of skills, and loss of community presence. Factor analysis with Varimax rotation yielded four sizaeble factors accounting for 48 per cent of the variance. However, the hypothesised factors were only partly identified. The actual factors meeting Eigenvalue >1 were described as: (1) communicative-cognitive competence; (2) behaviour disturbance incorporating relationship breakdown; (3) loss of adaptive behaviour incorporating acute physical illness; and (4) internal dysregulation. The implications for more specific and partial analysis of HoNOS-LD ratings are briefly discussed.
On being an expert witness…
Authors: Hewitt Olivia
Published: January 2023

In this article I will discuss my recent experience of being an expert witness in a crown court case. I will consider the pros and cons of doing such a piece of work, and direct the reader to sources of support when considering this role. It should be noted that this article is based solely on my own experiences, and, therefore, gives an idiosyncratic view of the experience of being an expert witness.

I qualified as a clinical psychologist in 2007 and since then have been working in a specialist psychology service for people with learning disabilities.
‘Thinking outside the box’: The case study of bereavement work with a young man with Autism
Authors: Chandler Robert J.
Published: January 2023

‘The complexity of the condition [autism] dictates that specific needs must be recognised and worked with if real progress is to be made. People with autism do not fit neatly into existing systems.’

Morgan & Morgan (1996)
Attachment representations in psychological therapy of people with intellectual disabilities: A preliminary factor analytic study of the Quality of Early Relationships Rating Scale (QuERRS)
Authors: Skelly Allan , Harvey Hannah
Published: January 2023

Very few measures to help clinicians with attachment difficulties exist that are practical, reliable, and valid. The Quality of Early Relationships Rating Scale (QuERRS) (Skelly & Reay, 2013) is a 20-item rating scale that was intended to help clinicians formulate the attachment representations in the narratives of clients with mild to moderate intellectual disability, during psychotherapy assessment sessions. The current study is a preliminary examination of the factor structure of the QuERRS, suggesting that a larger study and further refinement of the scale is warranted.
Exploring people with learning disabilities experiences of video call interventions during the Covid-19 pandemic:A service evaluation
Authors: Weare Vicki , Kominkova Dominika , Porter Joanne
Published: January 2023

• We asked people with learning disabilities what was good and bad about using video-calls to receive support during Covid-19 pandemic. We also asked the Learning Disabilities team what can be difficult about using video calls.

• We found that many things make it hard for people with learning disabilities to use video calls. Some people are unable to video-calls and need face-to-face support.

• Some people with learning disabilities can use video calls if they have right support. We need to help people with learning disabilities to have equal access to technology and help them to use video calls if they would like to use them.
Video Interaction Guidance with adults with ID: Learning points and reflections
Authors: Gallichan Deanna J.
Published: January 2023

Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) uses video clips to look at what is going well in relationships. This can help improve other things, such as behaviour.

VIG can be used with adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) and their support workers to help improve the relationships between them.

We are still learning how VIG can help adults with ID. This article gives some ideas about how it can be helpful.
A psychology of terrorism?
Authors: Bux Shahid , Horgan John
Published: January 2023

Psychological perspectives on understanding terrorism from the perspective of the perpetrators are, at present, limited, obscure and wholly underdeveloped. This short paper addresses what a ‘psychology of terrorism’ currently implies in this regard, and suggests how a more nuanced focus can help shape future research efforts, providing a number of conceptual and practical benefits.IT
DFP Senior and Junior Awards: Reflections on a career in forensic psychology
Authors: Farrington David
Published: January 2023

As promised in the previous edition, we thought it important to devote some space to further congratulate Professor David Farrington and Dr Lorraine Johnstone on having won the Senior and Junior awards respectively.
The University of Roehampton Practitioner Doctorate in Forensic Psychology
Authors: Edelmann Robert J. , Bray Diane , Worrell Marcia
Published: January 2023

The aim of this article is to provide information about the newly created and innovative Practitioner Doctorate in Forensic Psychology at Roehampton University which is designed for candidates who are already Chartered Forensic Psychologists. The programme provides a unique opportunity for practitioners to continue their professional development whilst obtaining a ‘top-up’ doctorate.
Service Evaluation of a Psychology-led Nursing Supervision Group within a Forensic Mental Health Service
Authors: Haskayne Donna , Rowell Katherine
Published: January 2023

This paper examines nursing satisfaction with supervision groups facilitated by the psychology team within a medium secure hospital. Supervision has been recognised as an important component of a nursing role and is particularly needed in an environment where the risk to staff is high and the demands of a challenging ward environment. In this study, staff members (N=12) completed a questionnaire and semi-structured interview based on their experiences of the supervision groups. A thematic analysis was used to identify key themes to emerge from the data. The results showed that there was an overall satisfaction with the groups, however, the participants acknowledged that there were barriers to engagement and that improvements could be made. Methodological limitations and recommendations for future practice are discussed.
Evaluation of the Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) model with female forensic inpatients
Authors: Panczak Monika , Murphy Lisa , Coombes Phil
Published: January 2023

Background

The Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) is a multidimensional framework which aims to increase understanding of the function of a person’s behaviour. PBS consequently helps to develop effective support strategies (Allen et al., 2012; Carr et al., 1999). The PBS model was introduced in a low secure mental health hospital for females in order to maximise the support offered, increase feelings of safety, and reduce secondary gains from enhanced observations.

Method

Staff views on the implementation and effectiveness of the PBS model were evaluated using qualitative and quantitative analysis. The evaluation was based upon responses from 20 participants, who were regular Care Assistants and Nurses working on admission wards within the aforementioned clinical setting. Semi-structured interviews and short questionnaires were completed anonymously by participants.

Results

Overall, staff reported that the PBS model had a positive impact on the day-to-day running of the wards. The PBS model was identified as an effective tool to address challenging behaviour. Staff reported that PBS is a useful approach when working with patients with learning disabilities and personality disorders.

Conclusion

It has been suggested that further training and development of PBS strategies (e.g. functional analysis) would be beneficial.
Getting the most from your treatment: Motivating engagement in women in medium secure forensic settings
Authors: Dolley Olga , Gaylor Miranda , Long Clive
Published: January 2023

Background

The engagement of service users in their treatment within secure settings is a priority, in terms of outcome of treatment, recidivism, and cost efficiency. The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness of a treatment preparatory group for women newly admitted to a medium secure setting.

Method

A matched subject pre-test-post-test design was used to evaluate a group program utilising cognitive behavioural and psycho-education components with the aim of developing service users engagement in treatment and overall coping strategies.

Results

Treatment completers (N=25) were matched with a group of women who did not participate in the program (N=25). Clinically significant changes in treatment completers were apparent on ratings of treatment readiness, participation in treatment, hope, self-efficacy, insight and interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, completers were found to attend more therapy sessions post group, compared with those who did not engage in the program, and were rated as having key strengths in terms of insight, attitudes, relationships, coping and treatability.

Conclusion

A treatment preparatory group that focused on psycho-education, orientation to therapy and coping skills was instrumental in motivating engagement in women newly admitted to medium secure care.
What are the key skills that staff require to support adults on the autism spectrum effectively?
Authors: Worthington Rachel
Published: January 2023

The paper will begin by defining autism and the associated presentations of clients with this diagnosis. It will then explore what skills have been found to be helpful for staff working with this client group. The paper will identify that whilst there is some guidance on what skills may be helpful when selecting staff to work with this client group, however, much of this is based on opinion rather than research. What is evident is that some of the skills discussed are those which can be learned or taught and these will be discussed. The paper will make suggestions for the ways in which future research could be developed.
What? You mean we all have emotions? – Reflections on a dialectical behaviour therapy-informed group developed for female psychiatric inpatients in a medium secure hospital
Authors: Herring Helen
Published: January 2023

This article reflects the experiences of a higher assistant psychologist developing a dialectical behaviour therapy-informed group for female service users to provide help around their self-harming and behaviour that challenges on the low and medium female secure wards within the psychiatric hospital.
Prior relationship, relationship breakdown, and group decisions in the attribution of cases of stalking
Authors: Simon C Duff , Jessica Birchall , Elisabeth Bisbee , Jaqueline Wheatcroft , Jeff Gavin , Adrian J Scott
Published: January 2023

Studies concerned with perceptions of stalking have demonstrated that the prior relationship between the stalker and the victim biases decision making in both individual and mock jury situations. These biases tend to benefit ex-partners over strangers yet the reality of stalking is that it is ex-partners who cause more concern and are more dangerous. Previous research demonstrates that one way to overcome this bias during individual decision making is to provide information describing the reasons for the previous relationship breaking down. The current mixed-method study examines the influence of this information on small groups randomly assigned to one of five conditions where the relationship information provided differed and individual and group decisions regarding vignettes of stalking situations were examined. Group decisions and analysis of the deliberations indicated that in small group settings, as with the previous findings for individual decisions, relationship information plays a role in overcoming the ex-partner bias.
Reflecting on reflective practice in forensic mental health
Authors: Robinson Charlotte
Published: January 2023

A clinical commentary on the facilitation of a reflective practice group in a forensic inpatient mental health service.
Exploring the social climate in a UK therapeutic community prison: The influence of anti-social personality traits and suicidal ideation
Authors: Trundle Grace , Brown Caitlin , Jacobs Laura
Published: January 2023

Social climate refers to how an individual experiences and perceives their environment. Within a therapeutic community (TC) prison, social climate is pertinent in supporting residents’ therapy and the therapeutic environment. This study sought to explore the relationship between social climate, assessed using the Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES), and anti-social personality traits, suicidal ideation and suicide potential as measured using the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI). Data from a total of 167 adult male residents within a UK TC prison was included in the analysis. Correlational analysis revealed that anti-social personality traits were not significantly correlated with social climate. Suicidal ideation was also not significantly correlated to social climate. This may be due to the unique setting in which this research was conducted: a TC wherein a therapeutic culture is imperative, which may influence these factors’ effect on social climate. Anti-social personality traits were found to have a significant negative correlation with positive impression management. The results are limited in generalisability; however, this is the first exploration of the impact of anti-social personality traits and suicidal ideation on social climate within a TC. The implications and further limitations are discussed, with directions for future research outlined.
‘What Works’ with rehabilitating extremist residents in custody? A Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA)
Authors: O’Connell Charlotte A. , Tonks Sarah , De Claire Karen
Published: January 2023

This Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) provides an overview regarding ‘what works’ to rehabilitate extremist residents in custody. This population is not as widely researched as other resident cohorts and firm conclusions about the disengagement and rehabilitation processes for extremist residents have not yet been reached. The current review aimed to address this gap in the literature. Whilst no conclusions were drawn as to ‘what works’ with extremist residents, the REA did highlight key elements to include to increase effectiveness when designing and implementing disengagement and rehabilitation initiatives. Specifically, themes of trust and rapport, multi-disciplinary, staff training, and an individualised approach were considered effective. The findings from this review are instrumental in helping policy makers and rehabilitative developers consider whether changes need to be made to existing disengagement programmes or initiatives. These findings could also be used to inform the development of future interventions for this cohort of residents.
Research Forum: Consumers’views of Predictive Genetic Testing
Authors: Midence Kenny
Published: January 2023

This section brings new and thought–provoking ideas and research to the attention of readers. We would be delighted to receive short comentaries on any paper or group of papers which might interest our readership. Reviews of particular issues, or of a new or existing journal, are also welcome. Commentaries, preferably on disk (WordPerfect or ASCII) or e-mail, and informal enquiries should be directed to: Dr Lynn Myers, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University College London Medical School, Riding House Street, London W1N 8AA (e-mail:l.myers@ucl.ac.uk).
Health psychology in Britain – past, present and future
Authors: Wardle Jane
Published: January 2023

Health Psychology Updateis pleased to introduce an article by Jane Wardle, the current Chair of the DHP, that was presented as the discussion to the DHP symposium held at the Society’s 2001 Annual Conference entitled, ‘State of the Science of Health Psychology’.Updatehopes to feature articles like Jane’s each year to introduce the thoughts, plans and vision of the DHP and the Chairs themselves. Jane will become Deputy Chair of the Division after the Annual General Meeting of the DHP which is being held at the Annual Conference, and Suzanne Skevington, who is currently Chair Elect, will then become Chair.
Self-harm among lesbians: The role of social support, outness attack and internalised homophobia
Authors: Bennett Julie , O’Connor Rory
Published: January 2023

Research aimed at examining the psychologicalcorrelates of self-harm among lesbians is sparse yet there is evidence to indicate that they are a high risk group. Drawing on existing models of self-harm and suicidal behaviour, it was hypothesised that lesbians lacking social support, being most ‘closeted’ about their sexuality and reporting high levels of internalised homophobia would be most likely to self-harm. Forty lesbian and bisexual participants completed a self-report questionnaire and took part in semi-structured interviews. Those with and without a history of self-harming were compared, to identify characteristics associated with self-harm, including outness, social support, internalised homophobia and attack. Those with a self-harm history had experienced more attack than others, were more closeted and received less social support than those who had never selfharmed. The implications of the findings are discussed.
‘XS’: A computer game intervention to reduce alcohol use in adolescents
Authors: Wood Lynne , Atkinson Lou , McLean Fay-Ann , Chater Angel
Published: January 2023

Often alcohol is the first substance of abuse in young people (Stewart et al., 2005). Universal interventions demonstrate changes in knowledge but have little effect on intentions to consume alcohol (Lister-Sharpe, 1999). Targeted interventions have yielded more positive results (Stewart et al., 2005). An interactive DVD (XS) was designed which incorporates the social norms aspect of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (Azjen, 1991) and alcohol specific personality factors identified by Conrod et al. (2006). Participants aged 11-13 years would be recruited from local schools and visited across two time periods. At Time 1, data would be collected from a questionnaire. The computer game XS would be played and the game taken home to play in leisure time for four weeks. The questionnaire would be re-administered at Time 2. Scores would be analysed using ANOVA. It is hypothesised that there would be a significant difference between the scores pre-intervention (Time 1) and post-intervention (Time 2). This study is presented as work in progress and is seeking suitable funding to continue to the data collection stage. It is hypothesised that the intervention effects of playing XS would increase knowledge regarding alcohol use, enhance attitudes and beliefs towards alcohol use and allow the rehearsal of real-life scenarios that may increase personal mastery over situations involving alcohol.
An intervention to improve adolescents’ views on breastfeeding
Authors: Bailey Jacqueline , Shepherd Richard
Published: January 2023

This article was written as part of the first author’s PhD and as a case study for an intervention, as part of the Stage 2 competencies. The intervention, in schools, applying the Brighton Breast Benefits project, was successful in improving adolescent girls’ attitudes to breastfeeding. Also Theory of Planned Behaviour variables were found to be predictive of intentions, as well as whether the girl had been breastfed by her own mother.
University students’ beliefs and attitudes towards smoking and their intention to quit
Authors: Epiphaniou Eleni G. , Clark Marie
Published: January 2023

Objective

Young adults are a difficult population. However, considering the negative health outcomes related to smoking additional attempts are required to findthose factors which seem to motivate young adults to think about quitting smoking. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was applied with the aim to identify those factors which might underlie motivation to quit smoking.

Method

This study is based on a self-administered questionnaire which was provided to 190 current smokers at the University of Cyprus (58 per cent female), 18 to 29 years of age (M=21.47, SD=2.08).

Results

Overall, the study verifies the validity of the TPB. Perceived behavioural control (PBC) and subjective norm significantly predicted students’ intention to quit smoking. However, attitudes failed to predict intention to quit smoking. In addition, contrary to other studies perceived susceptibility did not emerge as a significant predictor for intentions.

Conclusions

To successfully increase students’ motivation to quit smoking future interventions in Cyprus should aim to enhance students’ confidence in their ability to quit smoking
Pacing: A strategy to improve energy management in chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Goudsmit Ellen M. , Howes Sandra
Published: January 2023

The recently published NICE guidelines for the management of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) advocated three cognitive-behavioural interventions (NICE, 2007). They were not able to recommend pacing, astrategy to manage limited energy levels and avoid exertion-related symptomatology, due to a lack of information in the scientific literature. In this article, we introduce the two main versions of pacing being offered to patients, review their indications and limitations, and summarise the scientific evidence supporting its use, particularly as part of a multi-disciplinary rehabilitation programme.
Conference Report: Division of Health Psychology Annual Conference 2007
Authors: Valentine Althea , Hart Jo
Published: January 2023

This report provides a summary of the 10th Division of Health Psychology (DHP) Annual Conference, hosted by the University of Nottingham in September 2007. The conference was attended by 260 delegates; 67 per cent were DHP members, 10 per cent non-members, and 14 per cent student members.
An examination of the relationships between trait emotional intelligence and health behaviour
Authors: Hart Jacqui A. , Kinman Gail
Published: January 2023

Despite evidence to suggest that emotional intelligence (EI) might be a factor in predicting health-related behaviour, this study appears to be the first to systematically examine inter-relationships between these variables. Participants (N=139, 70 per cent female) completed the multidimensional Trait Meta-Mood Scale (Salovey, Mayer, Goldman, Turvey & Palfai, 1995), measuring tendency to attend to (Attention), understand (Clarity) and regulate (Repair) emotions. Positive and negative health behaviours were measured with a 20-item Health Behaviour Checklist (Amir, 1987; Prohaska, Leventhal, Leventhal & Keller, 1985). Significant relationships were found between total EI (r=.20, p<.05), clarity (r=.19, p<.05) and repair (r=.22, p<.01) and positive health behaviours suggesting that individuals higher in EI are more likely to engage in protective health behaviour. No significant relationships were observed between any of the three dimensions of EI and negative health behaviours. The findings of this study suggest that the development of emotional intelligence should be an intrinsic aspect of health promotion strategies.
Observing depression among UK renal dialysis patients
Authors: Chilcot Joseph , Farrington Ken , Wellsted David M. , Gane Maria Da Silva
Published: January 2023

Although common, depression is largely unrecognised among the dialysis population, particularly within the UK. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the prevalence of depression among dialysis patients in relation to age, treatment modality, satisfaction with life, aspects of control and clinical factors, providing robust indication for future investigation. A cross sectional pilot study was undertaken recruiting Haemodialysis (HD) and Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients (N=41). Patients completed several self-report questionnaire including, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Health Locus of Control Scale (HLOC). Our results reveal that 41.5 per cent had a substantial BDI score (BDI=16). No significant differences were observed between the depression scores of HD and PD. Depressed patients (BDI=16) had significantly lower Kidney Residual Function compared to non-depressed patients, and had significantly lower health internal control scores. In summary, our study indicates that depression is a common psychopathological condition encountered among dialysis patients, which may be related to internal control. Further research investigating depression among the dialysis population is merited, employing longitudinal methodology to establish the prevalence of the condition and aid the identification of risk factors.
Why don’t Health Psychologists work with people with learning disabilities?
Authors: Clarke Hilary , Menday Rachel , Doswell Sophie
Published: January 2023

Anecdotal evidence has informed us that it is unusual for Health Psychologists to work with people with a learning disability. The British Psychological Society’s website has been searched in order to identify the number of Health Psychologists working in this area. It was concluded that there are very few, if any. Despite the sparse numbers our own clinical experience suggests that health psychology is very relevant and useful for this client group. Our interest stems from working with people with learning disabilities and recognising that this group have many physical health problems, which health psychology could potentially address (Davies & Spencer, 2007).

In this article we will discuss the various aspects of health psychology and identify how these relate to people with learning disabilities. Firstly, we will provide evidence surrounding the complex and serious health problems that people withlearning disability may experience. Secondly, we will consider how these relate tothe five main areas of expertise that the Society claims summarises the role of a Health Psychologist. Clinical examples will be mentioned throughout the article, toillustrate the relevance of these areas to people with learning disabilities.
The changing meaning of being unhealthy: The value of developmental literature in understanding children’s experiences of health
Authors: Jenkins Laura
Published: January 2023

Developmental literature documents the progressive nature of children’s concepts of time and the body, however, this aspect of children’s understandings of health is rarely considered in current health psychology research. Four activity-based focus groups with 19 children aged 7 to 11 years gave children the opportunity to share their stories of what it means to be healthy or unhealthy. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis revealed changing concepts of reasoning and causality between older and younger children. Experiences of the psychological and physical consequences of being unhealthy differed in terms of the developing concept of eating disorders, the immediacy of the physical implications and understanding the biological mechanisms involved. These findings may provoke health psychologists to consider the value of integrating knowledge of children’s development in future research and intervention design.
Conference Report: Internet and media in health psychology
Authors: Campbell Kasia
Published: January 2023

A report from the joint Division of Health Psychology and European Health Psychology Society Conference, Bath, 9–12 September, 2008.
‘I have NF. NF does not have me’: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of coping with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Dheensa Sandeep , Williams Glenn A.
Published: January 2023

Past research has identified many physical characteristics of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), a genetic disorder that can cause severe disfigurement. However, there is a paucity of research regarding psycho-social effects. Existing qualitative research has focussed on proxy reports for affected children, neglecting adult experiences. This present study investigates these. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), five themes emerged; insufficiency of NF1 information, feeling judged by other people, social comparisons, positive re-appraisal of one’s situation, and fluctuations in coping methods. The findings of this study highlight the importance of empathic and individualised health-care in aiding adaptation to NF1. Public awareness of NF1 and where necessary, therapies to develop adaptive coping strategies would also help ensure successful adaptation.
Views and experiences of young women about chlamydia in Scotland: Knowledge, condom use and access to health services
Authors: Chouliara Zoë , Karatzias Thanos , Laura Dey , Goulbourne Alison
Published: January 2023

The study aimed to elicit perceptions of and awareness about chlamydia, views and experiences of condom use as protection against a chlamydia infection and of access to sexual health services. This qualitative study utilised semi-structured individual interviews. The sample consisted of 12 young females, aged between 18 and 25 years old. Transcripts were analysed using IPA (Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis) to identify recurrent themes and their interlinks. Six themes were identified: facts versus risk misjudgement; social stigma and taboos; assertiveness versus fear of conflict; respect versus patronising; accessibility and discreteness; and targeting young people. An awareness of the shame, embarrassment and social stigma associated with sexual health and specifically chlamydia testing and diagnosis were central in participants’ accounts. Participants also emphasised the need for effective sex education, especially for young women. It is envisaged that findings have the potential to inform health education, policy and clinical practice regarding sexually transmitted infections and chlamydia in particular.
'Your cuts are just as important as anyone else's': Individuals' online discussions of self-injury
Authors: McVittie Chris , Goodall Karen , McFarlane Stuart
Published: January 2023

Although self-injury is a relatively common behaviour, the meanings of such behaviour for those who engage in it remain poorly understood. Here we report findings from an exploratory study of how contributors negotiate self-injury in the context of online discussion forums. Data come from forums identified through use of internet search engines. Contributors’ postings to discussion threads on these forums were analysed using discourse analysis. Within discussion threads, contributors construct self-injury as positive, either in itself or in certain forms, rather than negative or harmful behaviour. These constructions present challenges for health promotion initiatives. More research is needed into how descriptions of self-injury are bound up with negotiations of individual identities.
Research – DHP Internship: From unhelpful to helpful: The role of Implementation-Intentions in a weight-loss intervention
Authors: Cook Erica , Gaitán Alfredo , Chater Angel
Published: January 2023

Background

: This research aimed to identify what barriers and resources obese individuals use within a theory-based weight loss intervention using the theory of Implementation-Intentions (Gollwitzer, 1993).

Method

The qualitative aspect of this study is part of a wider research project which addressed a total of 12 adult women who were clinically obese with a mean BMI of 34.50 (SD=4.91). All participants completed a person-centred ‘If-Then’ planning tool using categories relating to ‘people’, ‘places and things’, and ‘thoughts and feelings’, drawn from the NHS Health Trainer Manual (Michie et al. 2004).

Findings

Content analysis revealed that negative emotions including depression, feeling lonely and boredom were the most common themes of triggers to overeating. Analysis also revealed how lack of structure was a key theme that also contributed to maladaptive eating patterns. Further to this it appears that the most common themes of resources to help counterbalance unhelpful factors that influence eating included simple activities such as painting and going for a walk.

Discussion

This study reveals that asking clients to draw on positive aspects of ‘people’, ‘thoughts and feelings’ and ‘places and things’ around them can act as a goodresource for overweight women to enhance both mood and weight loss. Suggestions are made for future self-help tools to consider how simple pleasures can counteract potential triggers to overeating and barriers to success
Interviews, Letters & Readers’ Opinions – DHP Conference Bursary: An interview with … Professor Karina Davidson
Authors: McGregor Lesley M.
Published: January 2023

At the 2009 Annual Health Psychology Conference, Lesley M. McGregor spoke to Professor Karina Davidson about her inspirations, ambitions and views on the future of health psychology.
Professional Issues: Health Psychology in Australia: A perspective from Down Under
Authors: Musiello Toni
Published: January 2023

This article comments on health psychology within Australia, with a specific focus on Western Australia. It discusses the role of the Australian Psychological Society and registration boards, detailing the registration process and forthcoming changes to this system. The article also discusses the current status of health psychology within Australia, comparing it the UK system and concludes with a personal account from the author.
Research: Fears and expectations associated with pregnancy among diabetic women: A review of the literature
Authors: McCormack Abby
Published: January 2023

Much research has looked at the risk of complications in pregnant women with diabetes and research consistently indicates that the outcome for such pregnancies is poorer than for the general population. However, very little research has examined the fears and expectations pregnant diabetic women face. This review of the literature highlights the lack of current research on this matter, and what little research there is, will likely be out of date. Therefore, there is an urgent need for further empirical research examining the fears and expectations associated with pregnancy and diabetes.
Research: Motivation to drink alcohol in first year university students: Having a good time or simply coping?
Authors: Mobach Thomas , Macaskill Ann
Published: January 2023

Research suggests that excessive alcohol consumption is a major health concern in undergraduates with typical drinking patterns established in the first year (Berwick et al., 2008). While the stereotype is that students drink to have fun, some American research has suggested that excessive alcohol use is associated with stress in students (DeHart et al., 2009). The self-medication hypothesis (Khantzian, 2003) suggests that individuals with high levels of stress and anxiety will drink alcohol more frequently as a coping mechanism and this was examined here. The motivation to drink alcohol was assessed in British first-year undergraduates (N=137) along with levels of stress, state and trait anxiety, and frequency of alcohol use. The self-medication theory was supported for women but not for men. Women also had higher perceived stress scores than men. The more students were motivated to drink to have a good time, the more frequently they drank.
Application of health psychology in an NHS setting: Development of a multicomponent lifestyle behaviour change intervention for a pilot diabetes metabolic surgery service in Fife
Authors: Robinson Clare , Lanza Pam
Published: January 2023

Metabolic surgery (such as Roux–en–Y gastric bypass) is an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, sustained lifestyle change is key to its success. This paper discusses the application of health psychology in the development and delivery of assessment, treatment interventions and evaluation of a lifestyle programme for a pilot diabetes metabolic surgery service in NHS Fife. Throughout, patient feedback informed programme delivery and content, wherever practically possible within financial and time constraints. Evaluation of the initial two programmes (N=13) showed significant positive changes in weight, anxiety and depression scores, and there was a trend towards more positive weight-related quality of life and increased levels of efficacy to control eating in various situations. Health psychology thus has a key role to play in the development, delivery and effectiveness of bariatric/metabolic services.
Consumer–based genetic tests: A novel way to support behaviour change? An overview of the topic area
Authors: Meisel Susanne Friederike
Published: January 2023

Despite concerns about adverse effects, genetic risk profile testing can be purchased by costumers over the internet. This paper provides a brief overview of some of the consumer–based genetic testing literature, including emerging evidence on its emotional and behavioural effects. It is by no means intended to be a complete review of the literature, but a summary of the current landscape in this area. As genetic testing is increasingly integrated into mainstream health care, it is important for health psychologists to be aware of the promises and pitfalls of this novel technology and to develop an understanding on how to best harness its potential for behaviour change.
Exploring the internal conflict between attitudinal support for organ donation and implementing action to join the Organ Donor Register
Authors: Walker Karen A. , Hulbert-Williams Nicholas J.
Published: January 2023

The UK operates an informed consent, sign–up, policy for organ donation. Despite ongoing efforts to increase sign–up, there remains a shortage of availability of donor organs. This qualitative study explores the beliefs and attitudes that have stopped four individuals from registering as organ donors, despite each of them holding generally positive attitudes to the behaviour. In–depth semi–structured interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Four themes emerged centered around the conflicts that individual encounter when deciding to implement attitude into action: ‘Desecration of the body versus giving purpose to death’, ‘The emotional difficulty but integral importance of discussion intention with others‘, ‘Willingness to donate as limited by difficulty in obtaining accurate knowledge of the process‘ and ‘The limits of internal positive attitude in the absence of external cues to action‘. Lack of awareness of sign–up systems, the emotional burden of discussing attitudes with others, low personal motivation, and a reaction to perceived ‘blackmailing‘ were factors inhibiting these participants’ registration. To improve registration rates, interventions focused on increased public awareness and which use less emotive messages, are recommended.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1 (CRPS): A brief exploratory review
Authors: Bailey Jacqueline , Nelson Sara
Published: January 2023

This paper is written by health psychologists (JB) working with CRPS patients at the Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases in Bath. The other health psychologist works at the Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases in a clinical capacity, advising patients on quality of life and on how to improve their coping strategies. The outpatients are seen in a face–to face one–to–one interview and the inpatients are sometimes seen in groups. CRPS is quite a rare condition and this review is an attempt to bring this syndrome to the attention of trainee health psychologists. It differs from other chronic pain conditions in that it is often accompanied by unusual signs like excessive hair/nail growth. In addition it is a good example of how the mind and body work together to produce a wide range of signs and symptoms that have a profound effect on the patients’ quality of life. Where it was initially believed that the condition was largely psychogenic, a wide body of work now shows that the symptoms are more physiological and neurological in nature.
The impact of the London Olympic Games 2012 on physical activity, general health status, well–being and national identity: A quantitative survey based in Stratford, 2011 and 2012
Authors: Ogden Jane , Amirova Aliya , Brunger Helen , Hirst Yasemin , Jones Bridget , Pringle Andy , Wood Kerry , Senior Vicky
Published: January 2023

Aims

Politicians and journalists have made many claims about the impact of the London Olympic Games 2012. The present study aimed to explore the impact of the Games on physical activity, general health status, well–being and national identity.

Method

A survey was conducted in Stratford, London at two time points: October 2011 (N=366) and October 2012 (N=406).

Results

The results showed no differences in actual or intended physical activity levels or positive mood from before to after the Games. In contrast to predictions, however, participants after the Games reported greater negative mood and lower perceived health status. In addition, although no overall changes in national identity were found, more Black participants reported that being British was important to them after the Games (77.8 per cent) compared to before (55.7 per cent).

Conclusion

There was no evidence for the predicted increase in physical activity, health status or well–being after the Games. In fact, after a year both mood and perceived health status were lower than before. Black people, however, showed a stronger allegiance to their British national identity after the Games compared to before. The London Olympic Games 2012 appears not to have had the predicted positive impact on some aspects of health by one year. Perhaps, however, the multicultural mix of Team GB has had a positive impact of the sense of national identity on the multicultural population of Stratford.
Motivation and perceived barriers of blood donation: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Boguslawska Barbara , Lusher Joanne
Published: January 2023

The level of voluntary blood donation has decreased and raising the number of donors can be a challenge. Identifying individuals’ motives to donate blood could aid this process. Semi–structured interviews were conducted with 12 participants (six donors and six non–donors) to investigate motivations and perceived barriers to donate blood. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis revealed three interconnecting themes, described under the headings of ‘supernatural powers’, ‘nothing ventured nothing gained’ and ‘being (a) part’. The findings suggest that personal beliefs, weighing costs and benefits of one’s actions and perceived social norms influence people’s intentions to participate in blood–recruitment interventions. There were no major differences found in the accounts of donors and non–donors, suggesting that findings are applicable to interventions for general populations.
Alopecia: A review of the psychosocial impact and therapeutic interventions
Authors: Welsh Nina , Turnbull Triece , van Wersch Anna
Published: January 2023

A review of literature investigates the psychosocial impact of alopecia and therapeutic interventions, in order to enhance theoretical and applied knowledge. The review reports on findings summarised under the following headings: (1) psychosocial impact: (1.1) hair and identity, (1.2) less hair loss, less distress, (1.3) impact on quality of life, (1.4) social impact; (2) therapeutic interventions: (2.1) psychotherapy, and (2.2) cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). Results identified an adverse psychosocial impact of alopecia whereby people affected were likely to be anxious/depressed with reduced self–confidence, body image, and quality of life. Therapeutic interventions showed to guide people in understanding the condition and accept that the alopecia could be permanent or ongoing. Furthermore, to regain control over their situation by grieving for a previous identity, adjusting to a new identity, and moving forward again. Therapeutic interventions for people living with alopecia appear to be limited and group psychotherapy or body image CBT are suggested ways forward to explore outcomes.
An assessment of the potential of health promotion apps to support health behaviour change
Authors: Curtis Kristina , Karasouli Eleni
Published: January 2023

With thousands of health promotion apps available to consumers claiming to support healthier lifestyles and reduce risk behaviours, there is now a real need for rigorous research to evaluate their potential for improving public health. This article provides an overview of the research on existing health promotion apps and discusses the potential for smartphones to deliver behaviour change techniques and impact on surrogate and real health outcomes using initial data from pilot studies of weight loss apps.
A small exploratory study examining the link between breastfeeding and cognition
Authors: Crosby Katherine
Published: January 2023

Whilst the World Health Organisation (Horta & Victora, 2013) suggests a link between breastfeeding and intelligence; the evidence remains controversial. The current study re-examines the issue in an attempt to understand the controversies with which it is associated. Twenty–four participants were recruited from nurseries in the North of England. The effect of breastfeeding duration on the dependent variables of fullscale, performance and verbal IQ scores as measured by the Wechsler Pre–school and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI–III) were analysed using ANCOVA analyses. Twelve covariates, including maternal IQ, were controlled for. Whilst significant differences were found, the results were ambiguous and research recommendations are made for future larger–scale projects in recognition of the fact that breastfeeding practices have implications for cognitive functioning across the lifespan, advantages at the societal level and social gradients.
Exploring patients’ engagement with web–based peer support for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: forums or Facebook?
Authors: Coulson Neil S.
Published: January 2023

Whilst the popularity of health–related peer–to–peer web–based support shows no sign of diminishing, comparatively little is known about the factors associated with engagement in alternative web–based types of support (e.g. chat rooms, discussion forums, social networking sites). In this study, 147 patients living with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) completed an online questionnaire and described their use of either IBD forums or IBD Facebook groups along with a range of socio–demographic, disease–related and psychosocial factors. The findings revealed that over half (59 per cent) of respondents accessed forums with the remaining accessing Facebook groups. Members of Facebook groups were more likely to be younger, single and achieved a higher level of educational attainment compared with forum members but there was no difference in terms of disease–related characteristics. However, differences did exist in how they used web–based support with forum members having been members for longer, accessing them more frequently and spending longer online as well as posting more messages. Taking into account these background variables, there were no differences in terms of perceived stress, perceived social support and health–related quality of life between members of these two types of support communities.
…design and describe behaviour change interventions
Authors: Atkins Lou , Wood Caroline , Michie Susan
Published: January 2023

To prevent illness, promote recovery and support optimal delivery of health care services, health psychologists need to design effective behaviour change interventions. This paper describes two recently launched resources available to health psychologists to guide the design of behaviour change interventions and specification of intervention content:

(i) The Behaviour Change Wheel: A Guide to Designing Interventions.

(ii) Online training in a method for specifying the active content of behaviour change interventions: The Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1).