bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the novel coronavirus infection in cancer patients
Authors: Makatsariya A. D. , Elalamy I. , Brenner B. , Vorobev A. V. , Ashrafyan L. A. , Maslenkova E. V. , Bitsadze V. O. , Khizroeva J. Kh. , Shkoda A. S. , Solopova A. G. , Galkin V. N. , Gris J.-C.
Published: January 2022

A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely associated with various coagulopathies, which can lead to either bleeding and thrombocytopenia or hypercoagulation and thrombosis. Thrombohemorrhagic complications also could accompany the development of cancer process. In addition, circulating inflammatory biomarkers such as fibrin, D-dimer, P-selectin and von Willebrand factor (vWF) typical to both coronavirus infection and malignancy process are of special interest. In this review, we discuss potential interplay between COVID-19 and cancer related to endothelial dysfunction, platelets, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Most importantly, patients should be treated in early stage of the disease process when elevated levels of fibrinogen, D-dimer, vWF, and P-selectin are observed. The level of these markers will rise rapidly upon disease progression, followed by a cytokine storm, would evidence about a poor prognosis.
Franz Karl Naegele (1778–1851)
Authors: Grigorieva K. N.
Published: January 2022

The date of the expected birth is important not just for future parents but rather for obstetricians and gynecologists. Midwives and doctors of all generations know and apply the Naegele rule, based on the dates of menstruation for determining duration of pregnancy. Despite the advent of ultrasound diagnostics that provides a more accurate method to calculate an expected date of birth, up until now the Naegele rule remains relevant.
How to avoid medical errors, how to respond and relate to them: a review of the scientific monograph «Defects in the provision of medical care»
Authors: Makatsariya A. D. , Shkoda A. S. , Blinov D. V.
Published: January 2022

Currently, the number of judicial proceedings on real and alleged offenses and disputes in area of provision of medical care has been exponentially increased. Some of such proceedings become publicly disclosed, but many more of them remain unnoted in mass media and civilian society as a whole. Increasing number of medical doctors has been accused of criminal offenses, being more often sentenced to real terms of imprisonment, showing a clear tendency to increase gravity of responsibility applied to medical doctors. This publication represents a peer-reviewed response of paramount importance to the book by A.A. Ponkina and I.V. Ponkin «Defects in the provision of medical care» raising ontological, value and technical issues for negative outcome of medical care – by the fault or in the absence of the fault of the doctor. The book puts the scientific basis beneath changes so much awaited by the Russian public health in relation to medical doctors, their social importance, objective limitlessness of their opportunities and capabilities in curing sick people and saving their lives.
Depression in postmenopause: interdisciplinary approach in management and perspectives for rehabilitation
Authors: Blinov D. V. , Akarachkova E. S. , Ampilogova D. M. , Dzhobava E. M. , Tsibizova V. I. , Solopova A. G. , Pavlova N. V. , Korabelnikov D. I. , Petrenko D. A.
Published: January 2022

Surgical and natural menopause is often associated with depression symptoms. Along with the postpartum period, perimenopause is a “window of vulnerability” for depression development, because decline in estrogen level accounts for extinction of reproductive function, emotional disorders, genitourinary menopausal syndrome, which are combined with non-endocrine risk factors, such as decreasing income levels, low social support, and stress. Although a direct relationship between blood estrogens level and depression has not been demonstrated, the relation between menopause symptoms and depression has been proven, i.e., the symptoms of menopause can be considered as risk factors. Here, we summarizes the current view on the correct counseling and routing of menopausal women with depression symptoms in primary health care facilities, the principles of managing patients with risk factors, including genitourinary menopausal syndrome, as well as methods of rehabilitation and informational support. This will aid to improve the quality of medical care for such patients.
Russian Cultural-Historical Clinical Psychology and Its Methodological and Applied Inventions Aimed at Analysis of Individual Case
Authors: Burlakova N.S. , Oleshkevich V.I.
Published: January 2022

In the Russian cultural-historical psychology (in the clinical psychology, first of all), there was a bunch of studies based on the exploration of individual (singular) case. The article focuses on analysis of those studies and demonstrates principal difference of the approach used in them from other methodologies and approaches to the analysis of individual case. Russian perspective was originally based on the fundamental ideas of Lev S. Vygotsky; nevertheless, they were not sufficiently reflected in the Russian psychology. Examining Vygotsky’s texts, the authors discuss more profound reflection and further development of Vygotsky’s ideas as applied to the analysis of the individual case in the cultural-historical psychology. The article shows the possibilities to elaborate this approach on the basis of concepts by Lev Vygotsky and Mikhail Bakhtin and gives own studies of the authors as an example of such an elaboration. Furthermore, the article argues that the integration of objective cultural-historical psychology and phenomenology, hermeneutics, dialogical psychology would be of significance if developed in the direction of cultural-historical psychology of Vygotsky — Bakhtin. Such an approach allows to address general psychological issues and opens up new opportunities in certain applied studies in the field of cultural-historical psychology.
Rules for Tax Re-Qualification of Income of Controlled Foreign Companies in BRICS Countries on the Example of Russian and Brazil Approaches
Authors: Rakov I. A.
Published: January 2022

Rules on taxation of controlled foreign companies in developed and developing countries are characterized by an anti-evasive regulatory function, which is implemented by means of re-qualifying the profits of such companies. Such relations require coordination not only at the national but also at the international level (actions of the BEPS Plan, recommendations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). The Russian Federation and the Federative Republic of Brazil, being the BRICS member states, are actively improving their national legislation, while comparative legal studies on the topic of tax retraining of these jurisdictions at an integrated level have not yet been carried out. Using Russian and Brazil approaches as an example, the author explores the problems of improving tax re-characterisation mechanisms, taking into account the general standards of countering tax evasion and erosion of tax bases (BEPS Plan).
Provision of population of the republic of Sakha (Yakutia) with medical personnel
Authors: Burtseva Tatiana E. , Arzhakova V. V. , Gogolev N. M. , Douglas N. I. , Borisova E. A. , Afanasyeva L. N.
Published: January 2022

Objective. To analyze the provision of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) with medical personnel.
Materials and methods. The article presents an analysis of the human resources of the healthcare of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 20002020. The main trends in the medical personnel provision of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are determined according to the data of the Yakut Republican Medical Information and Analytical Center.
Results. The personnel resource of healthcare is its fundamental component. The problem of providing the population with medical personnel is one of the key factors in the socio-economic development of the regions, especially the regions of the Arctic zone of Russia. The national project "Healthcare" includes the federal project "Providing Medical Organizations of the Healthcare system with Qualified Personnel". The key goal of the national project on staffing the medical service is to achieve almost full staffing of doctors and nurses in healthcare institutions. The article analyzes the provision of the population with medical personnel in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the period 2017-2019. In dynamics, there is an increase in the indicator of providing the population with doctors and nurses in general; provision with therapeutists and pediatricians in the primary healthcare sector is growing. The article describes the qualification characteristics of medical personnel in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Conclusions. The indicators of the provision of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) with medical personnel according to official reports of the Ministry of Health of the RS (Y) are higher than the average in Russia. This is due to the territorial, logistical characteristics, features of the network and healthcare system of the region.
Results of the use of selective adsorption of endotoxin in the complex treatment of surgical sepsis and septic shock.
Authors: Vereshchagin Alexey , Kotelnikova Ludmila Pavlovna
Published: January 2022

Objective. To estimate the results of the use of LPS-adsorption in the complex treatment of surgical or obstetric sepsis and septic shock and to determine the risk factors for the development of lethal outcomes.
Materials and methods. Since 2014, twenty-nine patients with surgical or obstetric sepsis and septic shock have been treated at the Perm Regional Clinical Hospital using selective endotoxin adsorption in addition to conventional medical therapy. Endotoxin elimination was performed using hemoperfusion with the Alteco LPS Adsorber (Sweden). The patients were divided into two groups according to the final results of the treatment. The data of clinical and laboratory examinations were compared before and 24 hours after LPS elimination.
Results. Based on the correlation analysis, the most significant risk factors for the development of fatal outcomes are identified. It was found that neither the initial scores on the APACHE, SOFA scale, nor the level of CRP, PCT, EAA have a significant correlation with the lethal outcome. The only indicator before LPS-adsorption that has a direct correlation of the average value with the fatal outcome is the initial dose of norepinephrine. In our study, the mortality rate depends on the decrease in SOFA scores and its components in 24 hours after the procedure. Patients with the lower score after LPS-adsorption would have lower mortality. The predictors of ineffectiveness of treatment, despite the LPS-adsorption, were an unreliable decrease in the dose of vasopressors and the level of PCT, light improvements in the oxygenation index, the presence of bacteremia, septic shock and the delayed procedure.
Conclusion. In surviving patients with surgical sepsis and septic shock, the use of LPS-adsorption in complex treatment significantly improved the function of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, reduced the level of PCT. The risk factors for the development of lethal outcomes were the initial severity of cardiovascular insufficiency, the selective sorption of endotoxin with a delay, the presence of bacteremia, septic shock, insignificant decrease in SOFA scores and the level of PCT after selective sorption of endotoxin.
Analysis of publication activity of periodicals on specialty 14.02.04 – occupational medicine
Authors: Malyutina N. N. , Eremeev Roman B. , Shumatova Nataliya Viktorovna , Vatolin Dmitrij Mikhailovich , Sosnin Dmitriy Y.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of journals included in the list of peer-reviewed publications recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission for the publication of materials of works on the specialty 14.02.04 Occupational Medicine (edition 12.07.2021). The data on the characteristics and publication activity of these journals are presented from the point of view of choosing a printed publication for publishing the materials of the dissertation research and when choosing a journal for publishing the results of scientific research in accordance with the requirements for the indicators of publication activity of scientific and pedagogical workers.
Probing the Structure-Function Relationship of the lncRNA HOTAIR
Authors:   , Slusaw Daniel , Somarowthu Srinivas
Published: January 2022

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a novel class of RNAs with diverse functions in both biology and disease. One such RNA is HOTAIR (HOX Transcript Antisense RNA). HOTAIR is elevated in several cancer types, including breast cancer, and has been shown to affect tumor progression and severity. However, the link between the structure and the function of HOTAIR is yet to be established. In this thesis, we begin to probe that relationship through domain deletion analysis and functional assays. We show that not all of HOTAIR is required to regulate expression of some genes, yet that all of HOTAIR is required for some facets of cell physiology.
DEVELOPING A SCALE TO INVESTIGATE LEARNERS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS EDUCATIONAL VIRTUAL REALITY APPLICATIONS (EdVR- AS)
Authors: AKÇELİK Melike , BARAN Bahar
Published: January 2022

This study describes the process of developing an attitude scale to determine middle school students' attitudes towards educational virtual reality applications. The process started with writing the testing items of the scale by conducting a literature review, and then continued with a semi-structured interview with six students. Scale development study consists of two steps. The sample in the first step of the study consisted of 850 middle school students who watched videos about educational virtual reality applications and had previous experience of using virtual reality applications. As a result of the analysis, a single factor structure consisting of 18 items emerged and this structure explains 54.96% of the variance. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient is 0.95 after EFA; It was found to be 0.94 after CFA. The sample of the second step of the study consists of 26 6th grade students who have experienced educational virtual reality applications individually. Descriptive statistical methods were used in the analysis of the data obtained from this group and the Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was calculated to measure the reliability. Scale scores of more than half of these students are above the average. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient is also 0.90. The analysis results show that the compliance statistics of the eighteen-item attitude scale are at a good level; it shows that the scale is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used to determine students' attitudes towards educational virtual reality applications.
EĞİTSEL ROBOT EĞİTİMİNİN ÖĞRETMENLERİN KABUL, HİZMETİÇİ EĞİTİME DÖNÜK TUTUM VE BT ÖZ-YETERLİLİKLERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ACAR Bahadir , KORKMAZ Özgen
Published: January 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, eğitsel robotlarla blok tabanlı kodlama kursu hizmet içi eğitimine katılan öğretmenlerin hizmet içi eğitime yönelik tutum düzeylerini, eğitimde bilgi teknolojileri kullanımı öz-yeterlilik düzeylerini ve sınıf içi eğitsel robot kullanımı kabul düzeylerini belirlemektir. Araştırma deseni, karma yöntem araştırma desenlerinden gömülü (içe yerleşik) karma desendir. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda veri toplama araçları olarak “Hizmet İçi Eğitime Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği”, “Eğitimde Bilgi Teknolojileri Kullanımı Öz-Yeterliliği Öğretmen Değerlendirme Formu” ve “Sınıf İçi Eğitsel Robot Kullanımı Kabul Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel boyutunda ise araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu deney grubunda 48 ve kontrol grubunda 25 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Deney grubuna Lego Mindstorms Ev3 ve mBot ürünleri ile eğitim verilmiştir. Kontrol grubuna Scratch 3 programlama aracı ile eğitim verilmiştir. Normallik analizi için çarpıklık ve basıklık değerleri incelenmiştir. Veriler aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma ve bağımsız örneklem t testi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak eğitsel robot uygulamaları Scratch’a göre öğretmenlerin hizmet içi eğitime yönelik tutum düzeylerine daha fazla katkı sağlamamaktadır. Eğitsel robot uygulamaları Scratch’a göre öğretmenlerin eğitimde bilgi teknolojileri kullanımı öz-yeterlilik düzeylerine daha fazla katkı sağlamamaktadır. Ancak faktörler açısından bakıldığında Temel Beceri ve teknoloji faktörleri açısından eğitsel robot uygulamaları anlamlı düzeyde daha fazla katkı sağlamaktadır. Eğitsel robot uygulamaları Scratch’a göre öğretmenlerin sınıf içi eğitsel robot kullanımı kabul düzeylerine daha fazla katkı sağlamamaktadır.
AKADEMİK YAZIMDA KULLANILAN GERİ BİLDİRİM ÜZERİNE YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALARIN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: CEVHER Ahmet Yusuf , KARA İsmail , AKBAY Murat , OKTAY Özlem , GÖKTAŞ Yüksel
Published: January 2022

Akademik yazım, ön lisans, lisans ve lisansüstü programlardaki öğrencilerin çalışmalarının ve ortaya çıkardıkları ürünün kalitesinin artırılması ve yazma becerilerinin ilerleyebilmesi için bir gelişim faaliyetidir. Geri-bildirim ise öğreten-öğrenen arasında meydana gelen ve öğrenmeyi teşvik eden etkileşimli bir iletişimdir. Bu çalışmada, üniversite düzeyinde akademik yazımda kullanılan geri bildirimler ile ilgili yapılmış araştırmaların sistematik bir şekilde incelenerek, geri bildirimin öneminin ortaya çıkartılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, geri bildirim konusunda yapılan araştırmaların yayın bilgileri, yöntemsel eğilimleri ve geri bildirime ait özellikler, nitel bir araştırma deseni olan sistematik derleme yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Üniversite düzeyinde akademik yazımda kullanılan geri bildirimler ile ilgili yapılmış araştırmalara, ERIC ve Web of Science veri tabanları kullanılarak ulaşılmış, konu kapsamında olan ve erişimi sağlanan 84 çalışma örneklem olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmalardan elde edilen veriler, yayın sınıflama formuna girilerek içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiş ve ardından yorumlanmıştır. Üniversite düzeyinde akademik yazımda kullanılan geri bildirimlere yönelik yapılan çalışmalarda yıllara göre artan bir grafik gözlemlenmiştir. İncelenen çalışmaların çoğu, duyuşsal boyut ve beceriler üzerinedir. Nitel araştırmalar yöntemsel olarak daha fazla tercih edilmiştir. Anket yoluyla veri toplanan içerik ve betimsel analizlerin kullanıldığı çalışmalar daha fazladır. En fazla geri bildirim, ders yürütücüleri tarafından verilmiştir. Geri bildirimlerin daha çok yüz yüze verildiği tespit edilmiştir. Akademik yazımda geri bildirimin özellikleri bakımından ise en fazla biçimlendirici, düzeltici ve yapıcı geri bildirimler verilmiştir. Biçimlendirici özelliği olan geri bildirimin ise öğrencilerin başarılarını artırdığı, daha çok işbirliğine dayalı çalışmalarda görüldüğü bulunmuştur.
SINIF VE İLKÖĞRETİM MATEMATİK ÖĞRETMENLİĞİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN UZAKTAN EĞİTİME HAZIR BULUNUŞLUKLARI
Authors: SARALAR-ARAS İpek , GÜNEŞ Habibe
Published: January 2022

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO, 2020) tarafından Mart 2020 tarihi itibariyle Covid-19 virüsünün neden olduğu pandemi dünya geneline ilan edilmiş ve pek çok ülkede yüz yüze eğitim faaliyetleri durdurularak acil uzaktan eğitim sürecine geçilmiştir. Öğretmenler bu süreçte eşzamanlı canlı derslerle veya asenkron derslerle Öğrenme Yönetim sistemleri (ÖYS) üzerinden tüm öğrenme faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Bu süreçte öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitimin doğası gereği bazı yeterlilikler ve becerilere sahip olmaları gerekmiştir. Bu çalışmada, öğretmen adaylarının uzaktan eğitimde öğretmen (öğretici) rollerinin hangilerine ne düzeyde sahip olduklarının, ayrıca, kendilerini hazır hissettikleri veya geliştirmeye ihtiyaç duydukları becerilerin anlaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmada karma yöntem araştırmalarından paralel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılı güz döneminde bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 47 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın nicel verileri Kavrat ve Türel’in (2013) geliştirdiği Çevrimiçi Uzaktan Eğitimde Öğretmen Rollerini ve Yeterliliklerini Belirleme Ölçeği kullanılarak, nitel boyutu ise Aydın’ın (2017) geliştirmiş olduğu yedi başlıktan oluşan Uzaktan Öğretici Yeterlik Boyutları Modeli referans alınarak hazırlanan görüşme sorularıyla elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen nicel veriler frekans ve yüzdeyle ifade edilmiş, nitel veriler ise Nvivo 12 programında içerik analiziyle kodlanarak temalaştırılmıştır. Bulgular nitel ve nicel verilerin birlikte değerlendirilerek analizi sonucunda raporlanmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular incelendiğinde; öğretmen adaylarının teknolojik, değerlendirici ve yönetsel rollerde kendilerini yetkin görseler de bu rollerde halen geliştirmeye ihtiyaç duydukları becerilerinin olduğu görülmüştür. Sosyal, pedagojik, kolaylaştırıcı ve öğretim tasarlayıcı rollerde ise öğretmen adaylarının kendilerini yetkin buldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Etkili bir uzaktan öğretimde öğrenme süreci sürdürebilmeleri için öğretmen adaylarının eksik kaldıkları rollerde lisans dersleriyle veya mezuniyet sonrası hizmet içi eğitimlerle kendilerini geliştirmeleri önerilmektedir.
Teaching learning process in ancient ayurvedic text - Charak Samhita
Authors: Deepak M Vyas , Pragati Waghmare , Suwarna D Vyas
Published: January 2022

The word Ayurveda consists of two words ‘Ayu’ means life and ‘Veda’ means knowledge. Therefore the word Ayurveda, means knowledge of life i.e. study of life. In Ayurveda the teaching and learning was based on “Gurukula” system of education. A “Gurukula” was a place where a teacher (Guru) and students lived together. There were three ways for obtaining the knowledge i.e. Adhyayanam (Study/learning), Adhyapanam (teaching) and Tadvid Sambhasha (discussions) with the learned persons. Ayurveda suggest that in order to get expertise in any subject one should have the basic knowledge of the concepts. Other teaching and learning methods should be adopted which help to acquire more and accurate knowledge in that subject while practical training should be provided for application of that knowledge. Study of a single science gives only limited understanding, therefore one should also get knowledge of other sciences. To explain different concepts in Ayurveda Acharya Charak has given various methods of teaching and learning. The Roots of most of the current teaching methodology resides in ancient teaching and learning skills. Hence here is an attempt to review various teaching, learning methods used in Charak Samhita.

Teaching learning process is very well applied in Charak Samhita. It is the very first school of Ayurveda with various techniques and scholarly approach of subjects to students. Charak Samhita develops its own teaching learning process. It is the most important text in the field of Ayurveda Teaching Learning Process.
S-5 formula for leadership development
Authors: Adkoli Balachandra
Published: January 2022

Leadership is an area of perennial interest cutting across all fields of knowledge, including health sciences. The current models of leadership emphasize the skills and techniques derived from behavioural sciences and management. S-5 Formula is a developmental model, evidenced by learning theories and anchored in ancient Indian wisdom. The leadership journey begins by Setting a high goal (Sankalpa) to achieve something big, different and useful. This journey is aided by a Self- study and reflection (Swadhyaya). It gains Synergy (Satsanga) through collaborative learning, mentoring and feedback. The next phase is Service (Seva). Finally, the leader does act of Surrender (Samarpan), giving back to the society thus becoming an instrument of change. The theoretical framework behind these components and their implications for practice have been discussed.
Paradigm shift in teaching-learning from classroom to virtual mode – Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Sirdesai Nivedita , Saraf Chhaya , Gade Shubhada
Published: January 2022

Since the unprecedented declaration of lockdown there has been a paradigm shift in medical education from chalk and board to virtual mode imposing both challenges and opportunities to faculty and students alike. As guest lecture is an innovative way of pedagogy we addressed them through an online talk to analyse the preferences towards sudden change in medical education.

Students and faculty were addressed about the paradigm shift in teaching learning methods through an online guest lecture and the attendees answered a feedback questionnaire on different Teaching Learning methods. Based on responses to the questions results were plotted in Microsoft Excel and completed questionnaires were analyzed for statistics.

: 90% of students and 100% of faculty found online guest lecture interesting and opined positively about having more online lectures in academic year. As far as teaching learning method is concerned both faculty and as students preferred offline/ traditional/ classroom teaching.

: Online guest lecture offers more opportunities than challenges for both faculty and students. Arranging online guest lectures is economical, cost effective, has ease of attending from place of convenience provided robust internet connection is ensured, eliminates travel time as well as reduces the programme budget. Hence more number of virtual guest lectures can be arranged in an academic year for benefit of medical undergraduates. It is a novel platform for student teacher interaction and arrangement of more and more online guest lectures from eminent speakers excelling in various superspecialities should be encouraged.
Fintech Entry, Firm Financial Inclusion, and Macroeconomic Dynamics in Emerging Economies
Authors: Finkelstein-Shapiro Alan , Mandelman Federico S. , Nuguer Victoria
Published: January 2022

Financial inclusion is strikingly low in emerging economies. In only a few years, financial technologies (fintech) have led to a dramatic expansion in the number of non-traditional credit intermediaries, but the macroeconomic and credit-market implications of this rapid growth of fintech are not known. We build a model with a traditional banking system and endogenous fintech intermediary creation and find that greater fintech entry delivers positive long-term effects on aggregate output and consumption. However, greater entry bolsters aggregate firm financial inclusion only if it stems from lower barriers to accessing fintech credit by smaller, unbanked firms. Decreasing entry costs for fintech intermediaries alone has only marginal effects in the aggregate. While firms that adopt fintech credit are less sensitive to domestic financial shocks and contribute to a reduction in output volatility, greater fintech entry also leads to greater volatility in bank credit, thereby introducing a tradeoff between output volatility and credit-market volatility.
Cooperation between the United States and Mexico in combating illicit arms trafficking
Authors: Eleseenko Dmitry
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the illicit arms trafficking issue between Mexico and the United States. The paper presents a retrospective analysis for finding the roots of the current situation. Author analyses the policy decisions in both countries, their authorities’ approaches for resolving illicit arms trafficking at different times. Assessment is carried out on the prospects of a two-state dialogue between the U.S. and Mexico on this issue.
Features of the development of the field of information and communication technologies in the United States of America in 2020–2021
Authors: Kukharenko Alexandra
Published: January 2022

The article describes the features of the development of the field of information and communication technologies in the century of digital transformation of society, the active implementation of innovative technological developments in economic and social processes, provides an analysis of the pace of development of the industry of information and communication technologies in the United States of America, describes the changes that have occurred associated with the global pandemic in 2020-2021.
Poland in the transatlantic policy of the Joe Biden administration in 2021
Authors: Pavlova Maria
Published: January 2022

The article examines key aspects of bilateral Polish-American relations under Joe Biden’s administration in 2021. The main attention is paid to major controversies between Warsaw and Washington, as well as to Polish government’s perception of American transatlantic policy.
Conduction Band Offset Effect on the Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cells Performance
Authors: Latrous Ahmed Redha , Mahamdi Ramdane , Touafek Naima , Pasquinelli Marcel
Published: January 2022

Among the causes of the degradation of the performance of kesterite-based solar cells is the wrong choice of the n-type buffer layer which has direct repercussions on the unfavorable band alignment, the conduction band offset (CBO) at the interface of the absorber/buffer junction which is one of the major causes of lower VOC. In this work, the effect of CBO at the interface of the junction (CZTS/Cd(1-x)ZnxS) as a function of the x composition of Zn with respect to (Zn+Cd) is studied using the SCAPS-1D simulator package. The obtained results show that the performance of the solar cells reaches a maximum values (Jsc = 13.9 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.757 V, FF = 65.6%, ɳ = 6.9%) for an optimal value of CBO = -0.2 eV and Zn proportion of the buffer x = 0.4 (Cd0.6Zn0.4S). The CZTS solar cells parameters are affected by the thickness and the concentration of acceptor carriers. The best performances are obtained for CZTS absorber layer, thichness (d = 2.5 µm) and (ND = 1016 cm-3). The obtained results of optimizing the electron work function of the back metal contact exhibited an optimum value at 5.7 eV with power conversion efficiency of 13.1%, Voc of 0.961 mV, FF of 67.3% and Jsc of 20.2 mA/cm2.
Behavior of Cementitious Materials under the Effect of an Eco-Cement Based on Dredged Sludge
Authors: Ali Halassa Riad , Bibi Mekki , Chikouche Mohamed-Aziz
Published: January 2022

This paper attempts to simulate the use of green materials from the silt in a dam, and reduce the harmful impacts of siltation on Algerian dams affected by frequent droughts and irregular rainfalls, which are resulted from climate change. These harsh weather conditions are the main cause of water erosion in Algeria, leading to a high silting level in many dams across the country. Therefore, it is necessary to dredge the considerable volumes of sludge in the dam areas. This paper treats the sludge dredged from the K’sob dam, and adds the treated sludge into cement, creating a hybrid binder that can be used in composition of cementitious materials. Specifically, the sludge extracted from the K’sob dam was characterized chemically, physically, mineralogically, and mechanically, and introduced both as a substitute of cement and a component in the mixture of ordinary concrete/mortar. The sludge was firstly activated through calcination, and added to cement at the mass dosages of 10%, 15%, and 20% separately. The mechanical behavior, especially that under compression, of cementitious materials (concrete/mortar) based on the treated sludge was studied through lab tests. The test results show that this technical innovation gives the finished product three major properties, namely, high strength, economy, and a beneficial ecological impact. The results obtained are encouraging and promise an optimal exploitation of the sludge from similar dam areas.
Detection of records of weak local earthquakes using neural networks
Authors: Ulyanov N. A. , Yaskevich S. V. , A. Dergach P. , YablokovAV A. V.
Published: January 2022

Manual processing of large volumes of continuous observations produced by local seismic networks takes a lot of time, therefore, to solve this problem, automatic algorithms for detecting seismic events are used. Deterministic methods for solving the problem of detection, which do an excellent job of detecting intensive earthquakes, face critical problems when detecting weak seismic events (earthquakes). They are based on principles based on the calculation of energy, which causes multiple errors in detection: weak seismic events may not be detected, and high-amplitude noise may be mistakenly detected as an event. In our work, we propose a detection method capable of surpassing deterministic methods in detecting events on seismograms, successfully detecting a similar or more events with fewer false detections.
Анализ образа Сяо Фуцзы в произведении Лао Шэ «Рикша»
Authors: Тарасова К.Р. , Ордахова Т.В
Published: January 2022

В данном исследовании мы выявили особенности перевода описания образов женщины в китайской культуре. Мы раскрыли особенности и трудности, с которыми сталкиваются переводчики, при переводе художественных текстов и поэзии. Ведь художественный перевод – дело не легкое, переводчик включает свой художественный вкус, мыслительную деятельность, расширяя свой кругозор и углубляя знания не только иностранного, но и своего языка.
Значение эмолентов в фармакотерапии атопического дерматита
Authors: Крашенинникова И.В. , Дианова Д.Г.
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена значению эмолентов в фармакотерапии атопического дерматита. Включение эмолентов в схему лечения пациентов способствует снижению курсовой дозы топических кортикостероидов. В рассмотренных в статье исследованиях подтверждена клиническая эффективность эмолентов в лечении и профилактики атопического дерматита.
Проблемы молодой семьи в современных реалиях
Authors: Сайганова Е.В. , Ильин А.А.
Published: January 2022

Молодая семья – одна из самых важных ячеек современного общества. Каждая отдельно взятая молодая семья способствует прогрессу в государстве, а также улучшает все важные для страны статистические показатели. Данная статья описывает основные социокультурные проблемы молодой семьи в современных реалиях в России.
Создание американо-британо-австралийского альянса AUKUS: «закат Европы»?
Authors: Уйман Е.
Published: January 2022

В этом году США, Великобритания и Австралия объявили о сотрудничестве посредством создания AUKUS. Статья посвящена анализу деятельности альянса AUKUS и ответу на вопрос – приведет ли создание данного альянса и его деятельность к «Закату Европы»? Статья представляет собой обобщение идей и взглядов известных политических деятелей. Анализируя деятельность AUKUS, автор приходит к выводу, что главная цель данного альянса - сдерживание Китая, а также отмечает, что главным последствием данного сотрудничества будет является «закат Европы».
Проектирование малых архитектурных форм в Инженерном парке ИЛГСН
Authors: Селиверстов А.А. , Перский С.Н.
Published: January 2022

В работе сообщается об изготовлении объектов малой архитектурной формы в рамках «Программы развития опорного университета на 2017-2021 гг.» в ПетрГУ. В Инженерном парке Института лесных, горных и строительных наук (ИЛГСН) ПетрГУ при участии студентов разрабатываются скамейки.
Патология височно-нижнечелюстного сустава при полном отсутствии зубов на КЛКТ
Authors: Колпакова Н.В. , Горячева Е.В. , Корецкая Е.А.
Published: January 2022

В данной статье описана роль КЛКТ-визуализации для оценки костных структур височно-нижнечелюстного сустава и представлены особенности морфологии сустава беззубых челюстей. У лиц с полной вторичной адентией наблюдается изменение наклона суставного бугорка, кривизна которого менее выражена, чем у лиц с сохраненным зубным рядом.
Гранулематоз с полиангиитом: трудности диагностики (случай с практики)
Authors: Рахимова С.С. , Жолдыбай М.М. , Перевезенцева В.М. , Сакенова М.М.
Published: January 2022

Гранулематоз с полиангиитом – гранулематозное воспаление респираторного тракта и некротизирующий васкулит, поражающий мелкие и средние сосуды (капилляры, венулы, артериолы, артерии), обычно сочетающийся с некротизирующим гломерулонефритом. Диагностика заболевания весьма затруднительна. Из иммунологических исследований ключевая роль принадлежит определению антител к цитоплазме нейтрофилов. Золотым стандартом для подтверждения диагноза васкулита остается гистологическое исследование пораженной ткани.
Углеводная модификация фибриногена и фибрина в условиях гипергликемии как фактор изменения структуры и свойств тромба (обзор литературы)
Authors: Собянин А.В.
Published: January 2022

Сердечно-сосудистые и цереброваскулярные заболевания часто бывают сопряжены с развитием тромбоза. В процессах свертывания крови важную роль играют структура и свойства образующегося тромба. Изменения структуры тромба могут приводить к изменению его свойств. При некоторых фоновых заболеваниях и состояниях может происходить избыточное сиалирование (гликозилирование) и гликирование белков свертывающей системы крови, в частности, фибриногена, из которого впоследствии образуется фибрин, формирующий фибриновый каркас тромба. Такие модификации предположительно не только нарушают каскад гемокоагуляции, но и снижают восприимчивость тромба к фибринолизу. Следовательно, важно знать механизмы гликирования и гликозилирования белков свертывающей системы и их влияние на структуру и свойства тромбов для коррекции возможных нарушений гемокоагуляции и фибринолиза. Поэтому в этом обзоре рассмотрены структура фибриногена и фибрина и биохимические механизмы их модификации углеводами, влияние этой модификации на процессы свертывания крови и фибринолиза, а также определены перспективы дальнейших исследований. Цель: анализ научной информации о механизмах углеводной модификации фибриногена при гипергликемии для патогенетического обоснования исследований в аспекте лечения и профилактики осложнений сахарного диабета.
Развитие газомоторного топлива в России
Authors: Энкина В.Э. , Гринько А.Р. , Самарин С.В. , Беспятчук Д.А.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассмотрены основные тенденции развития газомоторного топлива в России. Обосновано, что природный газ действительно более экологичный и безопасный вид топлива, по сравнению с другими типами горюче-смазочных материалов, в частности бензином.
Resource-Efficient Methods to Facilitate the Preservation of a Reservoir's Self-Cleaning Potential
Authors: Chelnokov Vitaliy V. , Matasov Aleksey V. , Zabolotnaya Elena , Makarova Anna S. , Glushko Andrey N.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this research was to develop environmental methods for the restoration and rehabilitation of Moscow’s water bodies. A number of methods are recommended. These can help to improve the environmental condition and water quality of water bodiesin Moscow.
Keywords: ehabilitation of water body, engineering biology, environmental preservation
New Pellet Feeds for Rabbits with a High Content of Nutrients and With the Addition of Dietary Supplements
Authors: Shevtsov Alexander A. , Drannikov Alexey V. , Vostroilov Alexander V. , Kurchaeva Elena E. , Derkanosova Anna A. , Torshina Alisa A.
Published: January 2022

This research presented the pellet feed production line. Three pellet feed formulasfor young stock rabbits (28-135 days old) were developed with the addition of experimental dietary supplements grouped into the following protein green complexes (PGC):PGC-92-1including thе following supplements- dried herbal pulp from red clover, herbal alfalfa meal, and Sporotherminprobiotic; PGC-92-2 including the following supplements - protein feed concentrate from wheat stillage filtrate (syrup), herbal alfalfa meal, and Sporothermin probiotic; PGC-92-3 including the following supplements – PGC from red clover, herbal alfalfa meal,andSporothermin probiotic. These were compared with feed formulated without dietary supplements (PGC-92 (Control)). The nutritional value of the concentrate feeds met the requirements assigned for this group of animals. The storage of the formulatedconcentrate feeds took place in industrial conditions (the floor store) in paper bags of 30 kg per group at the temperature of 18-20 ∘C and the relative humidity of 65-70%. Due to itsmoisture content exceeding the standard requirements, the check concentrate feed (Control) revealed a higher content of fungal and bacterial microflora. The fat acidityvalue and the total acidity increased, which indicated the instability of this batch of concentrate feed during storage. The experimental batches of concentrate feed had a stablequality and retained good quality throughout the testing period. The testing of the effects of the studied complexes in fattening young stock rabbits was carried out on the premises of the Lipetsk Rabbit LLC industrial complex with 2000 rabbits. The use ofall-in-onepellet feedsformulated with the addition ofdietary supplements made it possible to increase the slaughter yield by 3.62%, 4.45% and 3.96%, while reducing feed intake per 1 kg of slaughter mass by 0.72 ECU, 0.38 ECU and 0.88 ECU. There was an increase in profit of 17725.25rubles, 16114.38 rubles and 14168.55 rubles, and an increase in the level of profitability by 45.93%, 41.26% and 31.24%, which resulted from a highersafety andgrowth performance of the raised rabbits.
Keywords: concentrate feeds, pellet feeds, dietary supplements, protein green complex, feed for rabbits, growth performance
The Influence of Fucoxanthin Immobilized on Porous Aluminum-Silicon Carrier Surface on the Functional Activities of Immunocytes in Mice
Authors: Lykov Alexander , Rachkovskaya Lubov , Gevorgiz Ruslan , Zheleznova Svetlana , Poveshchenko Olga
Published: January 2022

Fucoxanthin is a natural carotenoid obtained from seaweed which exhibits antioxidant properties. This research aimed to assess whether fucoxanthin, immobilized on aluminum-silicon carrier particles, has a toxic effect on immune cells. The viability, proliferation, nitric oxide production and myeloperoxidase activity of thymocytes and splenocytes of mice in vitro were studied. It was shown that fucoxanthin, immobilized on aluminum-silicon carrier particles, increased the survival rate and proliferation of mature immunocytes (splenocytes) after 24 hours exposure and increased the survival rate of naïve immunocytes (thymocytes) when exposed for 120 hours. In terms of myeloperoxidase, the activity of the immune cells was not affected by fucoxanthin immobilized on the carrier particles. The obtained results indicated that fucoxanthin, immobilized on particles of an aluminum-silicon carrier, did not have a toxic effect on mouse immunocytes.
Keywords: Cylindrotheca closterium, fucoxanthin, γ-aluminum oxide, polydimethylsiloxane, thymocytes, splenocytes, viability, proliferation, nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase activity
Application of the Spores of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Lecanicillium Muscarium for Control of Adelgids on Conifers in the Peter the Great Botanical Garden
Authors: Varfolomeeva Elizaveta , Mitina Galina , Choglokova Anna
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the possibility of using the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium R. Zare & W. Gams (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) against the fir adelgid Adelges pectinatae pectinatae (Cholodkovsky, 1888) and Siberian cedar adelgid Pineus cembrae (Cholodkovsky, 1888) on the Siberian fir Abies sibirica Ledeb., and pines Pinus sibirica Du Tour and Pinus banksiana Lamb. The blastospores of the entomopathogenic fungus L. muscarium strain G-033 VIZR, in the concentration of 5x107 spores/ml, showed a high efficiency on both of the species of adelgid. On the 17th day, the mortality of P. cembrae was 73% on P. sibirica and 61% on P. banksiana, and the mortality of the species A. pectinatae pectinatae on A. sibirica was 74%. The effect of the spore application had a prolonged effect over the next month on all treated trees.
Keywords: entomopathogenic fungi, Lecanicillium muscarium, adelgid, conifers
Characteristic Features of the Transcriptome in a Rat Strain with Audiogenic Epilepsy
Authors: Chuvakova Lyubov N. , Funikov Sergey Yu. , Davletshin Artem I. , Fedotova Irina B. , Evgen'ev Mikhail B. , Poletaeva Inga I. , Garbuz David G.
Published: January 2022

Audiogenic epilepsy (AE), developing in rodent strains in response to sound, is widely used as the model of generalized convulsive epilepsy, while the molecular mechanisms determining AE are currently poorly understood. The brain region that is crucial for AE development isthe inferior and superior colliculi (IC, SC). We compared IC-SC gene expression profiles in rats with different AE susceptibility using transcriptome analysis.The transcriptomes were obtained from the IC-SC of Wistar rats (with no AE), Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) strain rats (100% AE susceptible), and ”0” strain rats (with no AE) selected from F2 KM x Wistar hybrids for AE absence. KM gene expression displayed characteristic differences inboth of the strains that were not susceptible to AE. There was increased expression of a number of genes responsible for positive regulation of the MAPK signaling cascade, as well as of genes responsible for the production of interferon and several other cytokines. An increase in the expression levels of theTTR gene was found in KM rats, as well as significantly lower expression of the Msh3 gene (involved in post-replicative DNA repair systems). AE was also describedin the 101/HY mouse strain with a mutation in the locus controlling DNA repair. The DNA repair system defects could be the primary factor leading to the accumulation of mutations, which, in turn, promote AE.
Keywords: udiogenic seizure, KM strain, transcriptome, TTR gene, Msh3 gene, DNA repair
The Influence of Highly Dispersed Metal Forms on Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Polygastric Animals
Authors: Maratovna Makaeva Ayna , Anatolevna Sizova Elena , Nikolaevna Atlanderova Ksenya
Published: January 2022

Determining which forms of mineral feed additives can increase farm animal productivity is a key area of research. This study assessed the mineral composition of ruminal fluid and the effectiveness of calcium and phosphorus used by animals after the introduction of finely dispersed particles (FDP) of SiO2 (group I) and FeCo (group II) with a hydrodynamic radius of 109.6 ± 16.6 and 265 ± 25 nm, respectively. The deposition and use of calcium and phosphorus in the body of the experimental animals exceeded the control values. In group I, 30.8% more calcium was deposited (p ≥ 0.05), and in group II, the value was 30.3% (p ≥ 0.01). In the experimental groups, the calcium utilization rate was 27.3% higher in group I (p ≥ 0.05), and 28.2% higher in group II (p ≥ 0.01) compared to in the control. Phosphorus deposition was 34% higher (p ≤ 0.01) in experimental group I and 6% higher in experimental group II, compared with the control. Group I had a high utilization rate of phosphorus from the feed (with a 29% difference compared to the control). Comparison of the experimental groups revealed that the introduction of SiO2 FDP promoted an increase in the concentration of silicon, phosphorus, and calcium in the ruminal fluid. The introduction of FeCo FDP was accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of iron and cobalt in the ruminal fluid. Thus, the use of feed additive in finely dispersed form in the diet of animals was accompanied by an increase in the use of calcium and phosphorus by the animal’s body, which is advisable when intensifying milk and meat productivity. The obtained results require further research.
Keywords: finely dispersed forms of microelements, ruminants, calcium and phosphorus exchange, feeding