bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Note on $K_{k,k}$-Cross Free Families
Authors: Suk Andrew
Published: January 2020

We give a short proof that for any fixed integer $k$, the maximum number size of a $K_{k,k}$-cross free family is linear in the size of the groundset. We also give tight bounds on the maximum size of a $K_k$-cross free family in the case when ${\cal F}$ is intersecting or an antichain.
Bordered Conjugates of Words over Large Alphabets
Authors: Harju Tero , Nowotka Dirk
Published: January 2020

The border correlation function attaches to every word $w$ a binary word $\beta(w)$ of the same length where the $i$th letter tells whether the $i$th conjugate $w' = vu$ of $w =uv$ is bordered or not. Let $[{u}]$ denote the set of conjugates of the word $w$. We show that for a 3-letter alphabet $A$, the set of $\beta$-images equals $\beta(A^n) = B^* \setminus \left([{ab^{n-1}}] \cup D\right)$ where $D=\{a^n\}$ if $n \in \{5,7,9,10,14,17\}$, and otherwise $D=\emptyset$. Hence the number of $\beta$-images is $B^n_3=2^n-n-m$, where $m=1$ if $n\in \{5,7,9,10,14,17\}$ and $m=0$ otherwise.
Lower Bounds for the Football Pool Problem for 7 and 8 Matches
Authors: Haas Wolfgang
Published: January 2020

Let $k_3(n)$ denote the minimal cardinality of a ternary code of length $n$ and covering radius one. In this paper we show $k_3(7)\ge 156$ and $k_3(8)\ge 402$ improving on the best previously known bounds $k_3(7)\ge 153$ and $k_3(8)\ge 398$. The proofs are founded on a recent technique of the author for dealing with systems of linear inequalities satisfied by the number of elements of a covering code, that lie in $k$-dimensional subspaces of F${}_3^n$.
A Note on Commuting Graphs for Symmetric Groups
Authors: Bates C. , Bundy D. , Hart S. , Rowley P.
Published: January 2020

The commuting graph ${\cal C}(G,X)$, where $G$ is a group and $X$ a subset of $G$, has $X$ as its vertex set with two distinct elements of $X$ joined by an edge when they commute in $G$. Here the diameter and disc structure of ${\cal C}(G,X)$ is investigated when $G$ is the symmetric group and $X$ a conjugacy class of $G$.
On Certain Integral Schreier Graphs of the Symmetric Group
Authors: Gunnells Paul E. , Scott Richard A. , Walden Byron L.
Published: January 2020

We compute the spectrum of the Schreier graph of the symmetric group $S_n$ corresponding to the Young subgroup $S_2\times S_{n-2}$ and the generating set consisting of initial reversals. In particular, we show that this spectrum is integral and for $n\geq 8$ consists precisely of the integers $\{0,1,\ldots,n\}$. A consequence is that the first positive eigenvalue of the Laplacian is always $1$ for this family of graphs.
On the Number of Genus One Labeled Circle Trees
Authors: Mészáros Karola
Published: January 2020

A genus one labeled circle tree is a tree with its vertices on a circle, such that together they can be embedded in a surface of genus one, but not of genus zero. We define an e-reduction process whereby a special type of subtree, called an e-graph, is collapsed to an edge. We show that genus is invariant under e-reduction. Our main result is a classification of genus one labeled circle trees through e-reduction. Using this we prove a modified version of a conjecture of David Hough, namely, that the number of genus one labeled circle trees on $n$ vertices is divisible by $n$ or $n/2$. Moreover, we explicitly characterize when each of these possibilities occur.
Existentially Closed BIBD Block-Intersection Graphs
Authors: McKay Neil A. , Pike David A.
Published: January 2020

A graph $G$ with vertex set $V$ is said to be $n$-existentially closed if, for every $S \subset V$ with $|S|=n$ and every $T \subseteq S$, there exists a vertex $x \in V-S$ such that $x$ is adjacent to each vertex of $T$ but is adjacent to no vertex of $S-T$. Given a combinatorial design ${\cal D}$ with block set ${\cal B}$, its block-intersection graph $G_{{\cal D}}$ is the graph having vertex set ${\cal B}$ such that two vertices $b_1$ and $b_2$ are adjacent if and only if $b_1$ and $b_2$ have non-empty intersection. In this paper we study BIBDs (balanced incomplete block designs) and when their block-intersection graphs are $n$-existentially closed. We characterise the BIBDs with block size $k \geq 3$ and index $\lambda=1$ that have 2-e.c. block-intersection graphs and establish bounds on the parameters of BIBDs with index $\lambda=1$ that are $n$-e.c. where $n \geq 3$. For $\lambda \geq 2$ and $n \geq 2$, we prove that only simple $\lambda$-fold designs can have $n$-e.c. block-intersection graphs. In the case of $\lambda$-fold triple systems we show that $n \geq 3$ is impossible, and we determine which 2-fold triple systems (i.e., BIBDs with $k=3$ and $\lambda=2$) have 2-e.c. block-intersection graphs.
GAP IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN BINA KELUARGA TKI DI KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Puspawati Ani Agus
Published: January 2020

Kebijakan Bina Keluarga Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) bertujuan menyelesaikan permasalahan keluarga TKI di bidang pemberdayaan ekonomi, ketahanan keluarga dan perlindungan anak. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Tlogosari Kecamatan Donomulyo Kabupaten Malang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Implementasi tidak berhasil karena berhenti pada tahap persiapan. Pada Penelitian ini menguraikan tentang gap implementasi yang terjadi.
Kementerian Pertahanan: Birokrasi Sipil atau Hierarki Militer
Authors: Djuyandi Yusa , Ghazian Muhammad Gufran
Published: January 2020

Militer dan kementerian pertahanan merupakan dua unsur yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Hal ini dapat dianalisa dari dua sudut pandang. Pertama, fungsi dari masing-masing institusi yang saling terkait. Kedua, keberadaan tokoh-tokoh militer di tubuh kementerian pertahanan.  Distribusi kendali atas masyarakat sipil akan menjadi baik apabila undang-undang sesuai dengan kebutuhan negara dan implementasinya sesuai dengan undang undang yang telah disinkronisasi dengan hajat negara. Permasalahan distribusi kontrol masyarakat sipil di tubuh kementerian pertahanan dapat dilihat pada dua tahap pembuatan kebijakan, Dua hal tersebut adalah perumusan dan implementasi, sehingga kebijakan publik ini membutuhkan evaluasi karena dampaknya yang begitu luas terhadap kontrol masyarakat sipil dan permasalahan pada dua tahap di atas.
Fabrication of Ag-modified hollow titania spheres via controlled silver diffusion in Ag–TiO2 core–shell nanostructures
Authors: Bartosewicz Bartosz , Liszewska Malwina , Budner Bogusław , Michalska-Domańska Marta , Kopczyński Krzysztof , Jankiewicz Bartłomiej J
Published: January 2020

Inorganic hollow spheres find a growing number of applications in many fields, including catalysis and solar cells. Hence, a simple fabrication method with a low number of simple steps is desired, which would allow for good control over the structural features and physicochemical properties of titania hollow spheres modified with noble metal nanoparticles. A simple method employing sol–gel coating of nanoparticles with titania followed by controlled silver diffusion was developed and applied for the synthesis of Ag-modified hollow TiO2 spheres. The morphology of the synthesized structures and their chemical composition was investigated using SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The optical properties of the synthesized structures were characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy. Ag–TiO2 hollow nanostructures with different optical properties were prepared simply by a change of the annealing time in the last fabrication step. The synthesized nanostructures exhibit a broadband optical absorption in the UV–vis range.
Formulation, optimization and in vitro evaluation of nanostructured lipid carriers for topical delivery of apremilast
Authors: Madan Jyotsana R , Khobaragade Shweta , Dua Kamal , Awasthi Rajendra
Published: January 2020

This work was aimed to formulate topical Apremilast loaded nanostructured lipid-carriers (NLCs) for the management of psoriasis. Psoriasis is a widespread skin condition considered to be a Th1 autoimmune skin disease and characterized by excessive growth and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes. Objective of the study was to investigate the applicability of lipid matrix of NLC composed of solid lipid and liquid lipid (oil), creating imperfections in the crystal lattice, in improving drug loading as well as physical stability. NLCs were prepared by a cold homogenization technique using Compritol® 888ATO, oleic acid, Tween 80 and Span 20, and Transcutol P as a solid lipid, liquid lipid, surfactant mixture and penetration enhancer, respectively. Carbopol 940 was used to convert NLC dispersion into NLC based hydrogel to improve its viscosity for topical administration. The optimized formulation was characterized for size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, percentage entrapment efficiency (%EE), and surface morphology. Further, viscosity, spreadability, stability, in- vitro drug diffusion, ex-vivo skin permeation and skin deposition studies were carried out. Apremilast loaded NLCs showed narrow polydispersity index (PDI- 0.339) with particle size of 758 nm, %EE of 85.5% and zeta potential of -33.3 mV. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed spherical shape of NLCs. In vitro drug diffusion and ex vivo skin permeation results showed low drug diffusion and sustained drug release and 60.1% skin deposition. The present study confirms the potential of the nanostructured lipid form of poorly water-soluble drugs for topical application and increased drug deposition in the skin.
A Catalog of Emission-line Galaxies from the Faint Infrared Grism Survey: Studying Environmental Influence on Star Formation
Authors: Pharo John , Malhotra Sangeeta , Rhoads James E. , Pirzkal Norbert , Finkelstein Steven L. , Ryan Russell , Cimatti Andrea , Christensen Lise , Hathi Nimish , Koekemoer Anton , Harish Santosh , Smith Mark , Straughn Amber , Windhorst Rogier , Ferreras Ignacio , Gronwall Caryl , Hibon Pascale , Larson Rebecca , O’Connell Robert , Pasquali Anna , Tilvi Vithal
Published: January 2020

We present a catalog of 208 0.3 < z < 2.1 emission-line galaxies (ELGs) selected from 1D slitless spectroscopy obtained using Hubble’s WFC3 G102 grism, as part of the Faint Infrared Grism Survey. We identify ELG candidates by searching for significant peaks in all continuum-subtracted G102 spectra and, where possible, confirm candidates by identifying consistent emission lines in other available spectra or with published spectroscopic redshifts. We provide derived emission-line fluxes and errors, redshifts, and equivalent widths for Hα λ6563, [O iii] λλ4959, 5007, and [O ii] λ3727 emission lines, for ELGs down to AB(F105W) >28 and >10−17 erg cm−2 s−1 line flux. We use the resulting line catalog to investigate a possible relationship between line emission and a galaxy’s environment. We use seventh-nearest-neighbor distances to investigate the typical surroundings of ELGs compared to non-ELGs, and we find that [O iii] emitters are preferentially found at intermediate galaxy densities near galaxy groups. We characterize these ELGs in terms of the galaxy specific star formation rate (SFR) versus stellar mass and find no significant influence of environment on that relation. We calculate SFRs and find no dependence of SFR on local galaxy surface density for 0.3 < z < 0.8 Hα emitters and for 0.8 < z < 1.3 [O iii] emitters. We find similar rates of close-pair interaction between ELGs and non-ELGs. For galaxy surface densities Σ ≤ 30 Mpc−2, we find no consistent effect of environment on star formation.
First natural history observations of the canyon pygmy mole cricket, Ellipes monticolus (Orthoptera: Tridactylidae)
Authors: Woo Brandon
Published: January 2020

The first live photos of the canyon pygmy mole cricket, Ellipes monticolus Günther, are presented, with preliminary observations on the habitat and behavior of populations in the Chiricahua Mountains of southeastern Arizona. The species was previously known solely from the original description in 1977, which included only drawings of the structure of the genitalia and almost no natural history information. This paper provides the first look at this species’ biology and provides a framework for future studies on Tridactylidae of the southwestern United States.
Acridid ecology in the sugarcane agro-ecosystem in the Zululand region of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Bam Adrian , Addison Pia , Conlong Desmond
Published: January 2020

Grasshoppers and locusts are well known crop and pasture pests throughout the world. Periodically they cause extensive damage to large areas of crops and grazing lands, which often exacerbate food shortage issues in many countries. In South Africa, acridid outbreaks rarely reach economic proportions, but in sugarcane plantations, localized outbreaks of native acridid species have been reported for the last eight years with increasing frequency and intensity in certain areas. This study was undertaken from May 2012 to May 2013 to identify the economically important acridid species in the sugarcane agroecosystem in these outbreak areas, to monitor seasonal activity patterns, to assess sampling methods, and to determine the pest status of the major species through damage ratings. Five acridid species of particular importance were identified: Nomadacris septemfasciata (Serville), Petamella prosternalis (Karny), Ornithacris cyanea (Stoll), Cataloipus zuluensis Sjötedt, and Cyrtacanthacris aeruginosa (Stoll). All species are univoltine. Petamella prosternalis was the most abundant species and exhibited a winter egg diapause, while N. septemfasciata, the second most abundant species, exhibited a winter reproductive diapause. Petamella prosternalis and N. septemfasciata were significantly correlated with the damage-rating index, suggesting that these two species were responsible for most of the feeding damage found on sugarcane. This study, for the first time, identified the acridid species complex causing damage to sugarcane in the Zululand area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and documented their population characteristics and related damage. These data are important information on which to base sound integrated pest management strategies.
D’une marginalité à l’autre : droit à la ville et pratiques de réadaptation des « bidonvillois » dans les nouvelles marges urbaines de Rabat
Authors: Harroud Tarik
Published: January 2020

La contribution porte sur le vécu et les pratiques de revendication du droit à la ville par des populations « bidonvilloises » relogées dans les grandes opérations de résorption en périphérie de Rabat. Elle examine plus particulièrement la manière par laquelle se construisent les légitimités ordinaires dans ces immenses opérations résidentielles peu équipées et situées physiquement et symboliquement « hors de la ville », incarnant une nouvelle « marginalité » pour ces populations défavorisées. Au-delà des mobilisations sociales de contestation qui expriment leurs revendications à un logement digne ou au droit à la ville (transport, équipements, sécurité, emploi, etc.), ce sont surtout leurs pratiques quotidiennes de réadaptation, que nous cherchons à analyser et explorer en faisant ressortir les différentes stratégies qu’elles mobilisent (solidarités sociales en matière de gestion des quartiers et d’entretien des espaces publics, de création d’équipements de base, des stratégies de déplacement vers la ville-centre, le recours à l’informel, etc.) afin de s’adapter à ce nouveau contexte spécifique. Sur la base d’une série d’observations et d’entretiens réalisés avec un échantillon exploratoire de populations qui ont été transférées de la capitale et ses territoires limitrophes vers deux grandes opérations de résorption situées dans ses périphéries urbaines (ville nouvelle de Tamesna et le centre périurbain d’Ain Aouda), nous envisageons d’étudier la manière avec laquelle se construit et se justifie le droit à la ville dans ces espaces périphériques ainsi que les formes de réactivation ou de réinvention des pratiques de résistance auparavant à l’œuvre dans leurs bidonvilles.
Femmes et propriété seigneuriale au Canada (XVII e -XIX e siècles) : les formes de l’autorité des « seigneuresses »
Authors: Grenier Benoît
Published: January 2020

Dans la société canadienne préindustrielle, la seigneurie constitue une composante fondamentale et caractérise les relations sociales ainsi que les modes d’accession à la terre. Au cours des deux siècles et demi pendant lesquels s’est officiellement maintenu le régime, les femmes ont joué un rôle significatif au sein de cette institution en détenant fréquemment l’autorité seigneuriale. Ces « seigneuresses », comme on les désigne dans les sources, sont toutefois rarement les égales des seigneurs et leur pouvoir est étroitement encadré par le droit et les conventions sociales. L’article s’intéresse aux formes et aux modalités de cette autorité seigneuriale féminine, qu’il s’agisse des religieuses-seigneuresses, des femmes concessionnaires de fiefs ou encore des héritières sans frère. Il vise à définir les formes et les limites de ce pouvoir féminin en croisant histoire du genre et histoire seigneuriale.
Vendre aux héritiers : circulation et immobilisation de l’office de payeur des rentes au XVIII e siècle
Authors: Marraud Mathieu
Published: January 2020

La circulation marchande de l’office, au xviii e  siècle, n’induit pas forcément l’existence d’un marché entre vendeurs et acquéreurs. La cession d’un office comme celui de payeur des rentes de l’Hôtel de Ville de Paris, l’un des plus coûteux de l’époque, s’appuie sur des exigences prenant sens, d’une part, dans de larges pratiques de transmission familiale, et, d’autre part, dans un univers de notabilité socialement fermé. Les familles négociantes qui l’ont investi, depuis la Régence, y ont transféré leurs crédits personnels au service du crédit monarchique : le versement des arrérages de rentes sur l’État auprès des porteurs. Ainsi la vente de ces offices dessine les contours d’un espace politique et économique, bourgeois, habité de fronts de parenté qui se perpétuent à travers elle.
Le technological gatekeeper « chef d’orchestre » de l’ambidextrie organisationnelle
Authors: Saibi Mohand Amokrane , Naji Fairouz
Published: January 2020

Nombreuses sont les recherches mettant en évidence le rôle prépondérant des technological gatekeepers (TG) dans la collecte et l’intégration des connaissances externes à des fins d’innovation. Toutefois, à notre connaissance, aucune n’examine de façon précise le rôle qu’ils pourraient jouer dans la conciliation des innovations d’exploitation et d’exploration. Pour faire face à cette lacune, nous nous appuyons sur une étude de cas portant sur une entreprise innovante afin d’appréhender l’importance des rôles assumés par cet agent relationnel de l’innovation, et la façon dont ils peuvent se décliner dans l’articulation de ces deux logiques d’innovation. Il s’agit donc d’identifier le rôle du TG dans la combinaison de ces dernières et de mieux comprendre les mécanismes en jeu pour atteindre l’ambidextrie organisationnelle. Notre recherche montre que cet acteur occupe une place centrale contribuant à fluidifier la circulation des connaissances entre les unités d’exploration et d’exploitation afin de mieux les articuler. Codes JEL : O31, O32
Les fablabs , ateliers au cœur de la ville : les spécificités des lieux d’Afrique francophone
Authors: Liotard Isabelle
Published: January 2020

Les fablabs fleurissent depuis quelques années en France et dans le monde et suscitent un intérêt grandissant. Si nombre de travaux ont été conduits sur ces espaces en Europe ou dans les pays développés, peu de recherches ont toutefois été menées sur l’Afrique. Notre objectif est alors de nous interroger sur les spécificités des fablabs d’Afrique francophone objet de notre étude, et d’apporter un premier éclairage sur ces tiers lieux. À l’appui d’une série d’entretiens avec les fabmanagers africains, nous montrons que même si ces espaces ont des traits communs avec leurs homologues du Nord, ils présentent une caractéristique forte d’acculturation du numérique, destinée à des besoins spécifiques, et tournés vers des populations identifiées que sont les jeunes, les artisans et agriculteurs, les femmes. Une lecture croisée des lieux français et africains est également proposée. Codes JEL : L17, O32, O33
La science économique questionnée par la biologie. La coopération, principale source d’innovation du monde vivant
Authors: Perrin Jacques
Published: January 2020

Depuis quelques années, de nombreux travaux de recherche en biologie révèlent que la coopération est un principe important de la construction du monde vivant. Dans l’histoire de l’évolution, la coopération et notamment la symbiose microbienne ont été une source infinie d’innovations. Dans chacune des espèces, les groupes les plus coopératifs sont ceux qui survivent le mieux. La croissance des inégalités est la principale cause de l’effondrement de la cohésion d’un groupe. Les différents processus de coopération au sein du monde vivant interrogent la théorie de l’évolution mais aussi la science économique qui mettent en avant la compétition comme force dominante. Ces processus nous obligent à changer notre vision du monde et de la place de l’être humain dans le monde, héritée des Lumières et de la modernité. Face aux enjeux de la transition écologique, nous avons maintenant à notre disposition les dynamiques et les concepts pour repenser la science économique. Codes JEL : B30, B52, O35
La créativité dans les espaces de coworking : le cas de « La Cordée »
Authors: Mellard Maxime , Parmentier Guy
Published: January 2020

Les espaces de coworking sont considérés comme une nouvelle forme d’organisation du travail sans relations hiérarchiques et a priori sans objectifs communs entre les membres. Toutefois dans ces tiers-lieux se développent de nombreuses interactions sociales ponctuelles, informelles et quelquefois organisées. De plus, les caractéristiques d’ouverture, d’espace de socialisation et de partage de connaissances de ce type de lieu pourraient être favorables à la créativité. Cet article propose ainsi d’étudier comment les espaces de coworking favorisent-ils la créativité des coworkers . À partir, d’une étude de cas unique, La Cordée, les résultats mettent en lumière trois composantes qui soutiennent la créativité dans un espace de coworking  : l’environnement de travail, des événements et des outils et l’état d’esprit des membres. Codes JEL : L20, M13, O31
Le living lab , un intermédiaire d’innovation ouverte pour les territoires ruraux ou péri-urbains ?
Authors: Fasshauer Ingrid , Zadra-Veil Cathy
Published: January 2020

L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser une nouvelle forme organisationnelle, le living lab (LL) et sa capacité à favoriser l’innovation territoriale en milieu rural ou péri-urbain. A travers une revue de littérature et la mobilisation de la sociologie de l’acteur-réseau (Callon, 1986 ; Latour, 1987), nous positionnons les living labs comme intermédiaires d’innovation ouverte dont les caractéristiques permettent d’intégrer de nombreux acteurs hétérogènes, établissements publics, entreprises privées, associations et citoyens, sur des projets d’innovation. L’étude d’un LL rural met en évidence la capacité d’une telle structure à reconfigurer des réseaux d’acteurs pour proposer une série de tiers-lieux adaptés aux spécificités des territoires sur lesquels ils s’implantent. Cette recherche permet d’enrichir la réflexion la pérennisation des tiers-lieux ruraux et leurs spécificités par rapport aux espaces urbains. Codes JEL : O35, R00, L31
Sélections et comptes d’auteurs. Quelques jalons dans l’histoire du canon littéraire
Authors: Lucken Christopher
Published: January 2020

Servant d’introduction aux articles réunis dans cet ensemble thématique, cette étude propose un bref parcours historique du canon littéraire. Partant de la Bible pour aboutir au « livre de la mémoire » mis en valeur par Proust, nous nous arrêtons sur différents moments destinés à illustrer les objectifs et les questions que pose la constitution de catalogues d’auteurs et de livres dont on entend privilégier la lecture : la constitution du corpus homérique, les listes d’auteurs proposées durant l’Antiquité gréco-latine, les curricula des institutions scolaires médiévales, les premières listes d’œuvres et d’écrivains en langue française, la notion de classicisme, la bataille des Anciens et des Modernes et, avant d’en arriver à Proust, le rejet du bagage culturel transmis par l’autorité des maîtres.
Canon et genre littéraire au regard de la poésie moderne
Authors: Radeljković Ivan
Published: January 2020

La présente étude porte sur la poésie moderne en France au début du xx e  siècle confrontée au canon et aux règles du genre littéraire auquel elle se rattache. Son objectif est de montrer pourquoi il importe de prendre en compte le cadre générique dans la constitution du canon littéraire, en analysant les élargissements et les transformations opérés par les avant-gardes poétiques du début du xx e  siècle par rapport aux restrictions canoniques de la notion générique de poésie.
Canon et poétique de l’allusion chez Percival Everett
Authors: Zvrko Edina
Published: January 2020

À côté du canon « classique », il existe des micro-canons littéraires définis par un certain nombre de critères partagés par les créations représentatives d’un groupe social particulier. Mais une œuvre peut aussi vouloir affirmer sa singularité. Tel est le cas de la création de Percival Everett, écrivain et peintre américain d’origine africaine. Dans sa recherche de libération des stéréotypes liés à l’expérience noire décrite par la tradition littéraire afro-américaine, l’auteur met à l’œuvre une poétique de double allusion : tout en parodiant les œuvres traditionnelles du canon afro-américain ainsi que le courant post-structuraliste français, l’écriture d’Everett est parsemée de motifs relatifs aux textes de la littérature classique. Nous nous proposons d’observer la manière dont l’œuvre de cet auteur affirme son authenticité à travers la distance originale qu’elle crée pour ensuite réactiver et renouveler les traditions de ses maîtres et de ses prédécesseurs.
Et si Proust n’avait pas existé ?
Authors: Bayard Pierre
Published: January 2020

Ce texte vise à tenter d’imaginer ce qui se serait passé dans un univers parallèle où Proust n’aurait pas existé et quel visage aurait alors présenté la littérature française.
Extraocular Muscle Pathway Displacement in Myopic Strabismus Fixus
Authors: Khan Arif O. , Al-Wadani Fahad
Published: January 2020

 Readers are invited to submit their own interesting images from practice for publication. For submission requirements, please e-mail the Journal at JPOS@slackinc.com.

A monthly case study, featured in Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus, showing encounters in the field of Pediatric Ophthalmology.
Deposit Withdrawal Behavior of Islamic Banking Customers in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Abduh Muhamad
Published: January 2020

This article is aimed at investigating the deposit withdrawal behavior of Islamic banking customers in Brunei Darussalam. More specifically, it explores the influence of individual characteristics upon the action of deposit withdrawal when the customers encounter three different situations: (i) non-shariah compliance issues upon products and services; (ii) uncompetitive return; and (iii) low service quality. Data collection is done using self-administered questionnaires with 180 completed questionnaires used for the analysis. The study uses a chi-squared independent test and binary logistic regression as its method of analysis. The findings show that deposit withdrawal is a real future threat for the Islamic banking industry in Brunei Darussalam and it happens when customers with certain characteristics and motivations encounter the three situations mentioned above.
The Impact of Human Resource Management Practices on SMEs Performance
Authors: Wuen Chin Han , Ibrahim Fahmi , Ringim Kabiru Jinjiri
Published: January 2020

There is currently a dearth of knowledge for human resource management under an SMEs context. As a result, it is assumed that human resource management based on large business organizations is applicable for SMEs at a smaller scale. From the resource-based view, this article investigates the impact of human resource management practices towards the SMEs in Brunei Darussalam. By conducting an exploratory study, a questionnaire survey of 296 was collected from the local SMEs to ascertain how the human resource management practices impact their performance. This is followed by the analyzing the result via the Pearson Correlation and Multiple Linear Regression which suggests that specific human resource management practices have a significant impact on the SMEs. As part of the contribution, the article extends the knowledge of human resource management in SMEs context by understanding their impact towards the SMEs performance.
Training Effectiveness in Times of Austerity
Authors: Ibrahim Nur Ehsan , Sumardi Wardah Azimah Haji
Published: January 2020

Due to the fall in oil price, many companies are looking into ways to cut cost. Despite such cost-cutting efforts fuelled by the constant pressure for companies to stay competitive, the importance of training is still widely recognised. In response to limited training funds, companies are forced to revise their training programmes and make changes in their mode of delivery as part of their austerity measure. One of the approaches taken by an oil subsidiary company in Brunei is the increased use of in-house training and online-based learning (e-learning). This article seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of such a training approach when it is adopted. This allows training to be appraised in tangible terms, i.e. how much trainees have benefited to provide evidence to justify the importance of training, in times when training is assumed to be among the first casualties.
Assessing Digital Literacy Among Namibian Millennials and the Impact on Consumer Decision-Making Styles
Authors: Semente Efigenia Madalena Mario , Whyte Grafton
Published: January 2020

This study profiled the Namibian millennial e-literacy and investigated the impact of their e-literacy on their decision-making styles by administering Sproles and Kendal's Consumer Style Inventory (CSI) and an e-literacy questionnaire to a random sample of 505 participants from the three (3) major Universities in Namibia. Responses from the survey instrument were analysed using SPSS version 22. Factor Analysis (FA) through principal components analysis (PCA) was used to assess the underlying structure of the components and for assessing the reliability and validity through Cronbach's Alpha coefficients. In order to explore the relationships between consumer decision-making styles (Dependent Variable) and the Independent Variable of the study, Pearson correlation, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), were used. The study concluded that the digital literacy of the Namibian Millennial consumer has a significant influence on their consumer decision-making styles. The findings are deemed important for marketing decision-making.
Technical Resource of the Cutting Wedge is the Foundation of the Machining Regime Determination
Authors: Astakhov Viktor P. , Shvets Stanislav V.
Published: January 2020

This article argues that cutting tool wear is not just a particular case of wear found in general machinery because the whole amount of energy required for cutting is transmitted through relatively small tool-chip and tool-workpiece interfaces causing extremely high contact temperatures and pressures. This article discusses a considerably different approach to the determination of the cutting speed based upon the energy passing through the cutting wedge. Moreover, it discusses that, for a given tool material/geometry, there is a limited amount of such energy that the cutting wedge can sustain before reaching the criterion of tool life. This limit is considered as the technical resource of the cutting tool. The article establishes and verifies the existence of the detect correlation between the works done in the cutting system and in tool wear. Based on this finding, the equations to calculate the cutting speed for a chosen tool life and/or the tool life for a chosen cutting speed are proposed. The concept of the technical resource of the cutting wedge is introduced as the total amount of work done before it fails.
Evaluation of a Suitable Material for Soft Actuator Through Experiments and FE Simulations
Authors: Natarajan Elango , Razif Muhammad Rusydi Muhammad , Faudzi AAM , Palanikumar K.
Published: January 2020

Soft actuators are generally built to achieve extension, contraction, curling, or bending motions needed for robotic or medical applications. It is prepared with a cylindrical tube, braided with fibers that restrict the radial motion and produce the extension, contraction, or bending. The actuation is achieved through the input of compressed air with a different pressure. The stiffness of the materials controls the magnitude of the actuation. In the present study, Silastic-P1 silicone RTV and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with reinforced silicone are considered for the evaluation. The dumbbell samples are prepared from both materials as per ASTM D412-06a (ISO 37) standard and their corresponding tensile strength, elongation at break, and tensile modulus are measured. The Ogden nonlinear material constants of respective materials are estimated and used further in the finite element analysis of extension, contraction, and bending soft actuators. It is observed that silicone RTV is better in high strain and fast response, whereas, silicone/MWCNT is better at achieving high actuation.
Swarm Intelligent Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Devarajan Jinil Persis , Robert T. Paul
Published: January 2020

Data aggregation in WSNs is an interesting problem wherein data sensed by the sensors is routed to an aggregation node in an efficient way. Since the sensors are battery operated, it is very important for a routing protocol to conserve energy and also ensure load balancing and faster delivery. In this study, a multi-objective linear programming model is developed for this problem and solved using an exact algorithm applying dominance principle. In order to ensure faster convergence, routing algorithms incorporating strategies of swarms in nature such as Ants, Bees and Fireflies are adapted. In the simulation study, it is quite evident from the convergence characteristics, swarm intelligent algorithms could converge earlier than the exact algorithm with convergence time lesser by 90%. Moreover, when exact algorithm could solve smaller networks, the swarm intelligent algorithms could solve even larger network instances. Firefly algorithm is able to yield approximated pareto – optimal routes which outperforms ant colony optimization and bee colony optimization algorithms.
Genetic Algorithm Influenced Top-N Recommender System to Alleviate New User Cold Start Problem
Authors: Sharon Moses J.  , Dhinesh Babu L.D.
Published: January 2020

Most recommender systems are based on the familiar collaborative filtering algorithm to suggest items. Quite often, collaborative filtering algorithm fails in generating recommendations due to the lack of adequate user information resulting in new user cold start problem. The cold start problem is one among the prevailing issue in recommendation system where the system fails to render recommendations. To overcome the new user cold start issue, demographical information of the user is utilised as the user information source. Among the demographical information, the impact of the user gender is less explored when compared with other information like age, profession, region, etc. In this work, a genetic algorithm-influenced gender-based top-n recommender algorithm is proposed to address the new user cold start problem. The algorithm utilises the evolution concepts of the genetic algorithm to render top-n recommendations to a new user. The evaluation of the proposed algorithm using real world datasets proved that the algorithm has a better efficiency than the state of art approaches.
Structural and Optical Properties of PbI2 Thin Films to Fabricate Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Khalaph Kawther A. , Shanan Zainab J. , Jafar Aqel Mashot , Al-Attar Falah Mustafa
Published: January 2020

Recently, lead iodide is the most materials employment in the perovskite solar cell application. This paper has studied the character of preparation, structural and optical properties of pbI2 materials. Structural properties are included investigation of the measurements X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scan Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) tests to the PbI2 thin films samples. Optical properties are included the investigation UV-Vis test of the thin film samples deposited on glass substrates and investigated the Absorption, Transmittance and evaluated energy gap (Eg = 2.3 eV).
Evaluation and Analysis of Different Types of Prosthetic Knee Joint Used by above Knee Amputee
Authors: Kadhim Fahad Mohanad , Chiad Jumaa Salman , Enad Maryam Abdul Salam
Published: January 2020

Four prosthetic knee joints (polycentric knee weight activating-4bar and friction, extension assist controlled),(single axis knee weight activating and friction, internal extension assist controlled), (single axis knee weight activating-4bar and hydraulically, controlled) and (polycentric knee geometric locking-6bar, hydraulically controlled) for a trans-femoral patient were tested. The tests were conducted to find the maximum velocity as well as discussing the most comfortable prosthetic forthe patient and walking stability for these prosthetic knees by examining the gait cycle and measuring the ground reaction force (GRF), using force a plate device. Also, the interface pressure was measured between socket and stump muscles by using F-socket device to get the stress distribution during walking with a prosthetic knee. Results manifested that the polycentric knee geometric locking - 6bar, hydraulically controlled is the best because of the good homogenous distribution of GRF between the healthy and prosthetic limb, during which the difference between both the healthy and prosthetic limb is with the least value (4%).And, K4 gives the minimum value of differences in contact pressure between the left and right limb with a value of (24%), it alsoimparts the maximum symmetry between the left and right limb according to the gait cycle parameters.The best results of the interface pressures and kinovea velocity are achieved whenK4 is used with (132.4KPa, 0.71m/s), respectively. Finally, the polycentric knee geometric locking - 6bar, hydraulically controlled is the best according to the ANSYS results during which it yields the minimum values of Von-Mises stress with 14.24MPa and a maximum factor of safety of 3.11.
Analysis and Evaluating of Flexible Ankle Foot Orthosis for Drop Foot Deformity
Authors: Kadhim Fahad Mohanad , Hayal Marfa Salah
Published: January 2020

This work involved two major parts: the first Part is the experimental part included manufacturing ankle foot orthotics, measure the (the reaction force of the ground, pressure distribution) for both normal (healthy) and sound side (intake) legs in two case, the first measurement when the patient walking without orthosis while the second test when the patient dressed up the flexible (AFO). The pressure generated between leg and calf part is measured by F-Socket devise. The experimental part also consist test the mechanical properties of a suggestion composite material. The second Part is the (FEM) finite element analysis for numerical simulation part during which the stresses are calculated using ANSYS 14.5 software. Experimental work was done on a case study suffering from low level spinal cord trauma he has good control of the trunk muscles but the muscle weakness and nerve damage for right leg. The patient with age, weight of 30years, 75kg, respectively. The Results show the parameters of test for both legs (left and right) in two cases. The results show that the data of the gait cycle in the case of the patient wearing the brace is more acceptable and we notice improvement in the performance of walking steps and reduce the difference between the infected leg and natural and this indicates the good evaluation of this orthosis. Max pressure obtained is 1.53*10^5MPa from F .Socket at calf region .Max stress Calculated at Posterior ankle joint because it is flexible Position The equivalent Von-Mises stress and the safety factor for fatigue of the composite material gave good results this led to the longer life design.
Intermittent Drying of Rice Grains with Husk: Modelling and Experimentation
Authors: Rufino Franco C.M. , Barbosa de Lima A.G. , de Oliveira Farias Vera Solange , Machado E. Andriola
Published: January 2020

This chapter presents an analytical modeling of mass transfer in wet porous bodies during the continuous and intermittent drying process in fixed bed. The drying process was simulated assuming the liquid diffusion as the only mass transport mechanism and constant mass diffusion coefficient. The presented models involve spherical, cylindrical and prolatespheroidalgeometries. Simulation tests of intermittent drying of ellipsoidal solids were performed and the results were compared with the continuous drying curve in order to evaluate the tempering effect in the drying process optimization. It was possible to simulate the moisture distribution during the tempering period. As an application, the methodology is used to describe intermittent drying of rough rice (BRSMG Conai variety) at temperature of 40°C and tempering periods from 0 to 1 hour. Experimental data were used to estimate the diffusion coefficient. Under the considered operating conditions, it was verified that intermittent drying provides reduction in effective operating time when compared to continuous drying.
ALGUNOS DESAFÍOS DE LOS “PROGRAMAS BASADOS EN LA FE” PARA LA REINSERCIÓN SOCIAL EN CHILE
Authors: Sanhueza Guillermo
Published: January 2020

En Chile, al igual que en otros países, la religión cristiana y las cárceles han caminado históricamente de la mano por muchos años. Hoy en día, la presencia de las iglesias católica y evangélica es una realidad en casi todo el país. Aunque existen voces entusiastas que argumentan que la religiosidad aportaría una serie de elementos positivos para la reinserción social, existen otras voces más críticas que son escépticas de su naturaleza y efectos, poniendo en duda cualquier efecto positivo que esta pudiera tener en la reinserción. A partir de una revisión de literatura, este artículo analiza las posibilidades y limitaciones de la religiosidad (cristiana) en la reinserción social de personas que cumplen condena en cárceles chilenas, señalando diversos aspectos que requerirían de un mayor desarrollo conceptual y/o empírico con el fin de dilucidar mejor la relación entre religiosidad y reinserción.
Fabrication of Highly Reliable Joint Based on Cu/Ni/Sn Double-Layer Powder for High Temperature Application
Authors: Xu Hongyan , Shen Yaochun , Hu Yihua , Li Jianqiang , Xu Ju
Published: January 2020

A highly reliable three-dimensional network structure joint was fabricated based on Cu/Ni/Sn powder with double-layer coatings and transient liquid phase bonding (TLPB) technology for high temperature application. The Cu/Ni/Sn joint is characterized by Cu metal particles embedded in the matrix of (Cu,Ni)6Sn5/Ni3Sn4 intermetallic compounds (IMCs), with a low void ratio, and can be reflowed at low temperatures (<260°C), but it can reliably work at a high temperature up to 415°C. Cu/Ni/Sn double-layer powders with different Sn layer and Ni layer thickness were was fabricated and compressed as preform used for TLPB joint bonding. The microstructure and phase composition evolution for Cu/Sn and Cu/Ni/Sn systems during reflow and aging were comparatively studied. Two kinds of interfacial structure designs were made, and corresponding interfacial microscopic morphology was analyzed and compared under once and twice reflow soldering processes. The results indicated that the Sn-coating layer was completely consumed to form (Cu,Ni)6Sn5/Ni3Sn4 IMCs, and the Cu/Ni/Sn joint had a lower void ratio and a higher shear strength than those of Cu/Sn. The mechanism of the Ni-coating layer inhibiting phase transformation was studied. The high reliable three-dimensional network structure joint based on Cu/Ni/Sn double-layer powder was fabricated for high temperature application.
Morphological analysis of the seeds of three pseudocereals by using light microscopy and ESEM-EDS
Authors: Ninfali Paolino , Panato Anna , Bortolotti Federica , Valentini Laura , Gobbi Pietro
Published: January 2020

The seed morphology of three Pseudocereal Grains (PSCg), i.e. quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd, Chenopodiaceae), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, Polygonaceae) and amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L., Amaranthaceae) was studied by light microscopy (LM) and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (ESEM-EDS). LM was used with visible light to evaluate either unstained sections or sections stained with Azan mixture and with fluorescent light. The aim of the study was to compare the architecture of the three seeds in order to connect their morphology with nutrient localization. The Azan staining allowed for the visualization of the seed coat, the embryo - with its shoot apical meristem - and the radicle cell layers, whereas the use of fluorescent microscopy identified the cells rich in phenolic compounds. Finally, the ESEM-EDS analysis revealed that the seed coat of the quinoa was thinner than that of amaranth or buckwheat. In all PSCg, starch granules appeared to be located in large polygonal cells, surrounded by a thin cell wall. Several globoids of proteins were observed in the embryo cells. In the radicle section, the vascular bundles of the procambium were evident, while Amaranth only showed a consistent layer of calcium crystals, located between the embryo and the perysperm. The morphological differences of the three PSCg were discussed in the context of their structural resistance to processing technologies which impact on nutritional value of derived foods.