bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
H2CO and H110α Observations toward the Aquila Molecular Cloud
Authors: Komesh Toktarkhan , Esimbek Jarken , Baan Willem , Zhou Jianjun , Li Dalei , Wu Gang , He Yuxin , Sailanbek Serikbek , Tang Xindi , Manapbayeva Arailym
Published: April 2019

The formaldehyde H2CO(110–111) absorption line and H110α radio recombination line have been observed toward the Aquila Molecular Cloud using the Nanshan 25 m telescope operated by the Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory CAS. These first observations of the H2CO (110–111) absorption line determine the extent of the molecular regions that are affected by the ongoing star formation in the Aquila molecular complex and show some of the dynamic properties. The distribution of the excitation temperature T
ex for H2CO identifies the two known star formation regions W40 and Serpens South as well as a smaller new region Serpens 3. The intensity and velocity distributions of H2CO and 13CO(1−0) do not agree well with each other, which confirms that the H2CO absorption structure is mostly determined by the excitation of the molecules resulting from the star formation rather than by the availability of molecular material as represented by the distribution. Some velocity-coherent linear 13CO(1−0) structures have been identified in velocity channel maps of H2CO and it is found that the three star formation regions lie on the intersect points of filaments. The H110α emission is found only at the location of the W40 H ii region and spectral profile indicates a redshifted spherical outflow structure in the outskirts of the H ii region. Sensitive mapping of H2CO absorption of the Aquila Complex has correctly identified the locations of star formation activity in complex molecular clouds and the spectral profiles reveal the dominant velocity components and may identify the presence of outflows.
Numerical Stability of Detonations in White Dwarf Simulations
Authors: Katz Max P. , Zingale Michael
Published: April 2019

Some simulations of SNe Ia feature self-consistent thermonuclear detonations. However, these detonations are not meaningful if the simulations are not resolved, so it is important to establish  the requirements for achieving a numerically converged detonation. In this study we examine a test detonation problem inspired by collisions of white dwarfs. This test problem demonstrates that achieving a converged thermonuclear ignition requires a spatial resolution much finer than 1 km in the burning region. Current computational resource constraints place this stringent resolution requirement out of reach for multidimensional supernova simulations. Consequently, contemporary simulations that self-consistently demonstrate detonations are possibly not converged and should be treated with caution.
A Resolution Study of Magnetically Arrested Disks
Authors: White Christopher J. , Stone James M. , Quataert Eliot
Published: April 2019

We investigate numerical convergence in simulations of magnetically arrested disks around spinning black holes. Using the general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamics code Athena++, we study the same system at four resolutions (up to an effective 512 × 256 × 512 cells) and with two different spatial reconstruction algorithms. The accretion rate and general large-scale structure of the flow agree across the simulations. This includes the amount of magnetic flux accumulated in the saturated state and the ensuing suppression of the magnetorotational instability from the strong field. The energy of the jet and the efficiency with which spin energy is extracted via the Blandford–Znajek process also show convergence. However the spatial structure of the jet shows variation across the set of grids employed, as do the Lorentz factors. Small-scale features of the turbulence, as measured by correlation lengths, are not fully converged. Despite convergence of a number of aspects of the flow, modeling of synchrotron emission shows that variability is not converged and decreases with increasing resolution even at our highest resolutions.
Empirical Modeling of CME Evolution Constrained to ACE/SWICS Charge State Distributions
Authors: Rivera Yeimy J. , Landi Enrico , Lepri Susan T. , Gilbert Jason A.
Published: April 2019

It is generally accepted that coronal mass ejections (CMEs) undergo rapid heating as they are released from the Sun. However, to date, the heating mechanism remains an open question. To gain insight into the plasma heating, we derive the density, temperature, and velocity evolution of the 2005 January 9 interplanetary CME event from launch to ion freeze-in distance by examining ion distributions collected within the ejecta near the Earth. We use the Michigan Ionization Code to simulate the ion evolution and determine thermodynamic properties through an extensive iterative search that finds agreement between simulated and observed ion populations. The final results show that the ion distributions can be effectively reconstructed using a combination of ions generated within four distinct plasma structures traveling together. Three of the modeled plasma components derived originate from the prominence and the prominence–corona transition region (PCTR) structures, while a fourth plasma shares features common to the ambient corona. The absolute abundances computed for each plasma reveal that the prominence material contains photospheric composition, while the remaining PCTR and warmer plasma have coronal abundances. Furthermore, we computed an energy release rate for each plasma structure that includes the kinetic, potential, and thermal energy rates, along with the radiative cooling, thermal conduction, and adiabatic cooling rates. We found the prominence material’s energy release rate to be consistently larger compared to the other components. In future work, the energy results will be used to investigate the feasibility of a proposed heating mechanism in an effort to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the eruption process.
Solving the taxonomic identity of Pseudotomentella tristis s.l. (Thelephorales, Basidiomycota) – a multi-gene phylogeny and taxonomic review, integrating ecological and geographical data
Authors: Svantesson Sten , Larsson Karl-Henrik , Kõljalg Urmas , May Tom W. , Cangren Patrik , Nilsson R. Henrik , Larsson Ellen
Published: April 2019

P.tristisis an ectomycorrhizal, corticioid fungus whose name is frequently assigned to collections of basidiomata as well as root tip and soil samples from a wide range of habitats and hosts across the northern hemisphere. Despite this, its identity is unclear; eight heterotypic taxa have in major reviews of the species been considered synonymous with or morphologically similar toP.tristis, but no sequence data from type specimens have been available.

With the aim to clarify the taxonomy, systematics, morphology, ecology and geographical distribution ofP.tristisand its morphologically similar species, we studied their type specimens as well as 147 basidiomata collections of mostly North European material.

We used gene trees generated in BEAST 2 and PhyML and species trees estimated in STACEY and ASTRAL to delimit species based on the ITS, LSU, Tef1α and mtSSU regions. We enriched our sampling with environmental ITS sequences from the UNITE database.

We found theP.tristisgroup to contain 13 molecularly and morphologically distinct species. Three of these,P.tristis,P.umbrinaandP.atrofusca, are already known to science, while ten species are here described as new:P.sciastrasp. nov.,P.tristoidessp. nov.,P.umbrinascenssp. nov.,P.pinophilasp. nov.,P.alnophilasp. nov.,P.alobatasp. nov.,P.plurilobasp. nov.,P.abundilobasp. nov.,P.rotundisporasp. nov.andP.mediasp. nov.

We discoveredP.rhizopunctataandP.atrofuscato form a sister clade to all other species inP.tristiss.l. These two species, unlike all other species in theP.tristiscomplex, are dimitic.

In this study, we designate epitypes forP.tristis,P.umbrinaandHypochnopsisfuscataand lectotypes forAuriculariaphylacterisandThelephorabiennis. We show that the holotype ofHypochnussitnensisand the lectotype ofHypochnopsisfuscataare conspecific withP.tristis, but in the absence of molecular information we regardPseudotomentellalongisterigmataandHypochnusrhacodiumas doubtful taxa due to their aberrant morphology. We confirmA.phylacteris,TomentellabiennisandSeptobasidiumarachnoideumas excluded taxa, since their morphology clearly show that they belong to other genera. A key to the species of theP.tristisgroup is provided.

We foundP.umbrinato be a common species with a wide, Holarctic distribution, forming ectomycorrhiza with a large number of host species in habitats ranging from tropical forests to the Arctic tundra. The other species in theP.tristisgroup were found to be less common and have narrower ecological niches.
Re-collection of Dermea prunus in China, with a description of D. chinensis sp. nov.
Authors: Jiang Ning , Tian Cheng-Ming
Published: April 2019

Dermeawas protected against its synonym,Foveostroma, due to its well-circumscribed generic concept and more frequent use. We describe and illustrateDermeachinensissp. nov.based on its morphological characteristics and a molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) sequence data.Dermeachinensisis isolated fromBetulaalbosinensiswith sexual and asexual morphs and can be distinguished fromD.molliusculaonBetulatrees by its aseptate and wider ascospores. The connection between the two morphs is proved based on sequence data. Here, we describe the asexual morph ofD.prunifor the first time based on morphological and molecular data from the same host and country of origin, and compare it with other species ofPrunus.
Efficacy of Kamona strain Deladenus siricidicola nematodes for biological control of Sirex noctilio in North America and hybridisation with invasive conspecifics
Authors: Bittner Tonya D. , Havill Nathan , Caetano Isis A.L. , Hajek Ann E.
Published: April 2019

Sirexnoctiliois an invasive woodwasp that, along with its symbiotic fungus, has killed pine trees (Pinusspp.) in North America and in numerous countries in the Southern Hemisphere. We tested a biological control agent in North America that has successfully controlledS.noctilioin Oceania, South Africa, and South America.Deladenussiricidicolanematodes feed on the symbiotic white rot fungusAmylostereumareolatumand can switch to being parasitic onS.noctilio. When parasitic, the Kamona nematode strain can sterilise the eggs ofS.noctiliofemales. However, in North America, a different strain ofD.siricidicola(NA), presumably introduced along with the woodwasp, parasitises but does not steriliseS.noctilio. We tested the sterilising Kamona biological control strain ofD.siricidicolaagainstS.noctilioin North America. Interactions between the biological control strain and the NA strain could include competitive exclusion, co-infection within hosts or hybridisation. We rearedD.siricidicolaKamona on anA.areolatumstrain native to North America (IGS-BE) and another strain (IGS-BDF) used commercially to mass-produce the nematode in Australia. We inoculated Kamona reared on either strain ofA.areolatuminto logs infested withS.noctiliolarvae and compared parasitism rates against control logs. Individual nematodes were isolated fromS.noctiliohemocoels and from sterilised eggs and were genotyped with eight microsatellite loci. A high rate of parasitisation ofS.noctiliobyD.siricidicolaNA was found for all treatments and we found evidence of both co-infection and hybridisation. Surprisingly, sterilisation rates were not related to the rates of parasitisation byD.siricidicolaKamona.
Does invasive species research use more militaristic language than other ecology and conservation biology literature?
Authors: Janovsky Rachel M. , Larson Eric R.
Published: April 2019

Invasive species research has been criticised for a reliance on hyperbolic or sensationalistic language, including the use of militaristic language that dates to the popularisation of this concept. We sought to evaluate whether the invasive species literature used more militaristic language than other literature across the fields of ecology and conservation biology, given that many research areas in these fields (e.g. competition) may routinely use militaristic language. We compared militaristic language use in journal articles on invasive species or other topics across both applied and basic science journals in the fields of ecology and conservation biology. We further restricted our study to papers where lead-authors were located at institutions in the United States, to evaluate whether militaristic language use varied over peace time and conflict periods for this country. We found no significant differences in the percentage of journal articles that used any militaristic language between either invasive species research or research on other topics, but we did find that invasive species research used a greater frequency (count) of militaristic language per article than research on other topics. We also found that basic rather than applied science journals were more likely to use militaristic language and we detected no significant effect of time period on the usage of militaristic language in the ecology and conservation biology literature. Researchers working on invasive species should continue to be conscientious about their language use on this occasionally controversial topic, particularly in basic science journals.
Efecto del sistema de apantallamiento de la soldadura y el tiempo de almacenaje de los electrodos en el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado
Authors: Tomków Jacek , Fydrych Dariusz , Rogalski Grzegorz , Łabanowski Jerzy
Published: April 2019

El método de desplazamiento de la glicerina se utilizó para determinar el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado. Las muestras se soldaron en aire y en agua con electrodos recubiertos de rutilo. En la primera parte, las se soldaron inmediatamente después de abrir el paquete con los electrodos. Posteriormente, los electrodos se almacenaron en paquetes abiertos en el ambiente de laboratorio durante 3 años. Pasado este tiempo, se realizó la segunda parte de las muestras. Los resultados de las mediciones de la cantidad de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado varió de 32,61 a 39,95 ml/100 g para muestras soldadas al aire y de 51,50 a 61,34 ml/100 g para muestras soldadas en agua. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron utilizando el software Statistica, módulo ANOVA (análisis de varianza de una vía) con un supuesto nivel de validez α=0,05. La normalidad fue verificada por el ensayo Shapiro-Wilk. La homogeneidad de la varianza se verificó mediante el ensayo Levene. En la etapa siguiente, se realizaron análisis post-hoc. El objetivo fue determinar si los promedios son significativamente diferentes. Se utilizaron los ensayos Scheffe, Tukey, NIR Fisher, Newman-Keuls y Duncan. Los posibles cambios en el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado, resultante del tiempo de almacenamiento de los electrodos, se determinaron mediante el ensayo “t” de Student. Los resultados del análisis estadístico muestran que el tiempo de almacenamiento de los electrodos no tiene una influencia significativa en el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado, independientemente del sistema de apantallamiento utilizado en la soldadura.
A Fuzzy Rough Feature Selection Framework for Investors Behavior Towards Gold Exchange-Traded Fund
Authors: Acharjya Biswajit , Natarajan Subhashree
Published: April 2019

Behavioural finance has gained research interest among researchers because of investor behavior and market anomalies. Investor behaviour varies with demographics and geographic characteristics. Further, investor behavior towards a gold exchange trade fund is gaining research interest due to various factors. Not much research has been carried out in this direction, with the exception of some comparisons. Therefore, the performance of a gold exchange traded fund needs to be assessed from the investor behavior perspective. Additionally, the investors behavior contains uncertainties. Thus, there is a need for intelligent techniques for identifying the investors behavior despite the presence of uncertain behavioral characteristics. Therefore, to study uncertain behavior characteristic in gold exchange traded fund, in this article the authors employ a fuzzy rough set. They employ fuzzy rough quick reduct algorithm to find the superfluous attributes. Further decision rules are generated to identify the chief feature of investors' behavior towards gold exchange traded fund.
Qualitative and Cognitive Analysis and Modeling Tool for Biological Data
Authors: Hiraishi Hironori
Published: April 2019

This article describes a qualitative cognitive analysis and modeling tool (QCAM) for biological data collected using sensors such as a simple brain-wave sensor, while executing an actual task. However, these types of sensors are generally less accurate than devices designed for medical use. Sensors may be influenced by noise or personal differences between subjects. A qualitative approach is very effective for analyzing such data, because the authors can understand their essential features by focusing on qualitative changes, such as increasing, decreasing, and steady changes in the data, without quantifying it. Therefore, in addition to statistical analysis, QCAM provides qualitative analysis and modeling of data and allows us to verify the model by using qualitative reasoning. This article explains QCAM and describes experimental results obtained by using real driving data, a combination of movie data from a camera, acceleration data from a smart phone, and brain-wave data from a simple brain-wave sensor, that was obtained while a person drove a vehicle.
Individual Client Strategies for Active Control of Information-Driven Service Construction in IoT-enabled Smart Spaces
Authors: Bogoiavlenskaia Olga , Vdovenko Andrey , Korzun Dmitry G. , Kashevnik Alexey
Published: April 2019

Smart spaces provide a platform for cooperative service construction by many devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) environments. When a service is constructed the service needs delivering to appropriate clients, which is typically implemented using the subscription operation (i.e., information-driven service construction). The passive form of subscription is ineffective in the IoT settings since the centralized solution—smart space information broker—needs to control all service construction updates and to notify all interested clients. This article considers the problem of active control for information-driven service construction when each client can use its own (individual) strategy to (additionally) control ongoing updates in the subscribed information. Five strategies for active control are selected for this study. For some simplified assumptions, analytical estimates are provided. For close-to-real evaluation of the strategies a simulation model is developed, based on which several performance metrics are experimentally studied.
Innovative Outlier Removal Techniques to Enhance Signature Authentication Accuracy for Smart Society
Authors: Desarkar Anindita , Sanyal Shisna , Baidya Anupam , Das Ajanta , Chaudhuri Chitrita
Published: April 2019

A smart society is an empowered society, which can improve the lives of its citizens by using the latest innovations and technologies. This improvement can happen in several dimensions out of which security is a major one. Inconsistency and forgery are very common phenomenon where handwritten signatures are often preserved for training a classifier to authenticate a person. The removal of outliers, at the outset, obviously improves the quality of training and the classifier. The present article deals with the mechanized segregation of the poor-quality authentic signatures from reliable ones. Machine learning algorithms for outlier handling utilizing clustering, classification and statistical techniques have been implemented in this context. Subsequent performance evaluation after outlier removal reflects improvement of both true positive and true negative recognition rate accuracy. The performance evaluation presents the significant differences between authentication accuracy and forgery accuracy in the context of building a safe, secure and smart society.
Replica Reduced Routing Protocol for Intermittent Connected Networks in Emergency Scenarios
Authors: Rabiya M. Syed , Ramalakshmi R.
Published: April 2019

In an Intermittent Connected Networks / Opportunistic Networks, routing protocols follow store-carry-forward routing mechanism to deliver messages to destination. One of the application scenarios which makes use of opportunistic networks to route the packet from source to destination is an Emergency Search and Rescue operation where rescuer nodes get partitioned frequently and carry out their rescue activities in different locations. As wireless device has a short transmission range, communication between any two partitioned networks occurs only through the node mobility. The Probability based Routing, provides high packet delivery rate with high overhead. In this paper, a new technique called Replica Reduced and Energy-based routing protocol (REB) is proposed to control the replicas and increase the packet delivery ratio in emergency scenarios. Through simulation, this article demonstrates that the proposed system increases delivery rate and reduces overhead and energy consumption considerably, resulting in increased life span of the network.
Model-Based Application Deployment on Cloud Computing
Authors: Asmaa Aouat , El Abbassia Deba , Hassan Benyamina Abou EL , Djilali Benhamamouch
Published: April 2019

Cloud Computing refers to a set of technologies and systems that provide various types of resources (computing, storage, software, etc.) on demand, through the Internet or Intranet. Thanks to these advantages many Cloud providers are available and is increasing. These cloud providers offer different PaaS platforms that must each be configured in its own appropriate way to deploy applications in the cloud. Cloud Computing is based on heterogeneity principles, which allows many configurations and sizing choices. This implies that the developer must master all deployment methods in order to benefit from all suppliers. The development and deployment of applications in the Cloud offers a new scientific challenge in terms of expression and taking into account variability. The purpose of the author's work is to propose a deployment method and implement it to automate the process of deploying applications in a cloud environment based on model-driven engineering, to configure and provision applications to be deployed in the cloud.
Reversible Data Hiding Scheme for Video
Authors: Bhaskar T. , Oruganti Madhu
Published: April 2019

With the exponential progression in communication technology, advanced mixed media content such as image, sound and video can be effectively duplicated and put away effortlessly without any loss in their original content. Therefore, it is distinctly critical to beat this and the need of a reasonable sort of copyright insurance framework inside the data. Reversible Data Hiding (RDH) keeps up the brilliant property that the first cover can be losslessly recouped after inserted information is separated while securing the picture substance's privacy. This may be liable to a few cause errors on information extraction and image reclamation. We propose to maintain the incredible property that the original cover has which can be losslessly recovered after embedded data is extracted while securing the image content's confidentiality. This strategy protects against different sorts of attacks on the computerized information and hence provides a robust answer for information theft cases.
Cyber Defense Maturity Levels and Threat Models for Smart Cities
Authors: Al Shidhani Ali Amur
Published: April 2019

Smart cities are in development around the world to tackle urbanization challenges. Smart solutions are being developed to optimize scarce resources, reduce service cost, improve service quality and improve the livelihood of city residents. With smart city infrastructure getting digitized and remotely accessible, the risk of cyber security cannot be overlooked. This article describes the technical and non-technical challenges smart cities are facing with regards to cyber security attacks. The article outlines design requirements that should be considered when designing a secure smart city. The requirements are overarching technical, operational, social, safety, legal and usability domains. In addition, the article proposes cyber defense maturity levels for smart cities and describes threat models relevant to each maturity level.
Design of Public-Key Algorithms Based on Partial Homomorphic Encryptions
Authors: Nayyef Marwan Majeed , Sagheer Ali Makki
Published: April 2019

With the rapid development of cloud computing, which has become a key aspect to maintain the security of user information that may be highly confidential and maintained during transport and storage process. The reliance on traditional algorithms that are used to encrypt data are not secure enough because we cannot process the data only after decrypt. In this article is proposed the use of homomorphic encryption to solve this problem because it can deal with encrypted data without the decryption, which can lead to ensuring confidentiality of the data. A number of public-key algorithms are explained, which is based on the concept of homomorphic encryption. In this article an algorithm is proposed based on HE and it is similar to Menesez-EC but with one digit as a secret key according to its advantage, whereby reducing the cost of communication, and storage and provides high processing speed when compared with other algorithms. This algorithm provides enough security for a bank's customer information and then compared with ECC, each of RSA and Piallier algorithms as evaluated.
Privacy Preservation Based on Separation Sensitive Attributes for Cloud Computing
Authors: Xu Feng , Su Mingming , Hou Yating
Published: April 2019

The Cloud computing paradigm can improve the efficiency of distributed computing by sharing resources and data over the Internet. However, the security levels of nodes (or severs) are not the same, thus, sensitive tasks and personal data may be scheduled (or shared) to some unsafe nodes, which can lead to privacy leakage. Traditional privacy preservation technologies focus on the protection of data release and process of communication, but lack protection against disposing sensitive tasks to untrusted computing nodes. Therefore, this article put forwards a protocol based on task-transformation, by which tasks will be transformed into another form in the task manager before they can be scheduled to other nodes. The article describes a privacy preservation algorithm based on separation sensitive attributes from values (SSAV) to realize the task-transformation function. This algorithm separates sensitive attributes in the tasks from their values, which make the malicious nodes cannot comprehend the real meaning of the values even they get the transformed tasks. Analysis and simulation results show that the authors' algorithm is more effective.
The Learning Value of Personalization in Children's Reading Recommendation Systems
Authors: Kucirkova Natalia
Published: April 2019

This article critically reviews the personalization logic embedded in reading recommendation systems developed for 2- to 11-year-old children and its (dis)alignment with Papert's constructionist and socio-constructionist theories of learning. It is argued that the current design fails to incorporate the computer culture that Papert envisioned for children's learning. While the personalization design focuses on child-centered design, it restricts the child's contribution to the database, minimises children's agency in shaping it and reinforces individual models of learning. The paper recommends that reading recommendation systems provide opportunities for what Papert described as self-discovery, experimentation, and development of abstract knowledge. Recommendation algorithms need to work in conjunction with diversification mechanisms to challenge and widen children's thinking and diversification should not be conflated with randomization. Practical examples are provided so that the approach described in this article can be used as a foundation for conceptualising and designing children's reading recommendation systems and data-based personalized learning more broadly.
Regional centroid moment tensor solutions for eastern Canadian earthquakes: 2017
Authors: Bent A L
Published: April 2019

Regional centroid moment tensor solutions have been determined for seven moderate-sized earthquakes in eastern Canada during 2017. Two additional earthquakes were also evaluated but their solutions did not meet the minimum quality standards for acceptance. The
moment tensor inversion method is used to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment of the earthquakes. These parameters, in turn, provide information about the seismotectonic environment in which the earthquakes occur and may help improve seismic hazard estimates. The purpose of this
report is not to provide an in-depth analysis of any specific earthquake but to catalog the solutions and data used to obtain them to make them available for future research projects.
O ensino contábil na perspectiva da aprendizagem baseada em problemas
Authors: Silva Francisco Felipe da , Azevedo Yuri Gomes Paiva , Araújo Aneide Oliveira
Published: April 2019

Este estudo objetiva analisar a percepção dos mestrandos em Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte sobre a aplicabilidade, as competências desenvolvidas e a postura docente no Problem-Based Learning (PBL) aplicado ao ensino de Contabilidade. É uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, na forma de estudo de caso, cujos dados primários foram obtidos por meio de grupo focal, após a aplicação do estudo do caso “Qual é o lucro? Quer que dê quanto?”, adaptado por Benjamim Júnior (2011) para o PBL. A análise de conteúdo deu-se através da codificação aberta e axial, utilizando o Software ATLAS.ti 7®. Os resultados evidenciam que o método pode ser aplicável a diversas disciplinas do curso de Contabilidade, possibilitando a aquisição de conhecimentos interdisciplinares e da prática de mercado. O problema proposto permitiu desenvolver conhecimentos em Contabilidade Gerencial, Contabilidade Societária e Responsabilidade Social Corporativa, habilidades relacionadas com solução de problemas, análise crítica, estudo independente, trabalho autorregulado e comunicação, e atitudes de cooperação.
O papel da análise fundamental na seleção de ações para investimento
Authors: Lobo Miranda Rui Carlos , Alves Maria Teresa Venâncio Dores
Published: April 2019

O comportamento das cotações das ações em Bolsa, em geral, espelha o estado da própria economia, daí que a opção por este tipo de investimento nem sempre gere um retorno positivo. A análise fundamental de avaliação de açoes desempenha um papel relevante na tomada de decisões de investimento e implica a análise do desempenho das empresas a que essas ações se referem. O objetivo do presente estudo consiste em verificar, entre as empresas selecionadas, qual a que constitui o melhor ativo para investimento com potencial de valorização e criação de mais-valias para o investidor. Efetuou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica; documental; quantitativa; e de estudo de caso explicativo. Calculou-se um conjunto de indicadores chave relativos ao período 2010-2013, tendo como fonte dos dados relatórios e contas anuais. Verificou-se que, entre as empresas indicadas, a que constituía o melhor ativo para investimento era a Mota Engil, pois foi a que apresentou melhores desempenhos nos indicadores selecionados.
Percepção dos contadores públicos do Estado de Santa Catarina em relação às Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade aplicadas ao setor público
Authors: Morás Vania Regina , Klann Roberto Carlos
Published: April 2019

O objetivo do estudo é analisar a relação entre a percepção dos contadores públicos sobre as Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade Aplicadas ao Setor Público (NBC TSPs) e as características dos contadores e dos municípios do Estado de Santa Catarina. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, de levantamento e quantitativa que compreendeu os 295 contadores públicos dos municípios do Estado de Santa Catarina. A amostra foi obtida por meio da aplicação de questionário aos contadores públicos, totalizando 46 respondentes. Na análise dos dados aplicou-se estatística descritiva, Correlação de Spearman e ANACOR. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos municípios investigados iniciou o processo de adoção das NBC TSPs em 2014, sendo que o nível de escolaridade (GRAESC), a responsabilidade pela escrita contábil (RESP) e o número de entidades sob responsabilidade do contador (ESCRIT) apresentaram-se associadas com a percepção dos contadores públicos sobre as mudanças na adoção das NBC TSPs, as quais podem facilitar bem como criar resistências ao processo de adoção das novas normas.
An evaluation of the efficacy of very high resolution air-quality modelling over the Athabasca oil sands region, Alberta, Canada
Authors: Russell Matthew , Hakami Amir , Makar Paul A. , Akingunola Ayodeji , Zhang Junhua , Moran Michael D. , Zheng Qiong
Published: April 2019

Abstract. We examine the potential benefits of very high resolution for air-quality
forecast simulations using a nested system of the Global Environmental
Multiscale – Modelling Air-quality and Chemistry chemical transport model.
We focus on simulations at 1 and 2.5 km grid-cell spacing for the same time
period and domain (the industrial emissions region of the Athabasca oil sands). Standard grid cell to observation station pair analyses show no
benefit to the higher-resolution simulation (and a degradation of
performance for most metrics using this standard form of evaluation).
However, when the evaluation methodology is modified, to include a search
over equivalent representative regions surrounding the observation locations
for the closest fit to the observations, the model simulation with the
smaller grid-cell size had the better performance. While other sources of
model error thus dominate net performance at these two resolutions,
obscuring the potential benefits of higher-resolution modelling for
forecasting purposes, the higher-resolution simulation shows promise in
terms of better aiding localized chemical analysis of pollutant plumes,
through better representation of plume maxima.
Evaluating the SWAT model to predict streamflow, nitrate loadings and crop yields in a small agricultural catchment
Authors: Bauwe Andreas , Kahle Petra , Lennartz Bernd
Published: April 2019

Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the Soil and Water
Assessment Tool (SWAT) to predict streamflow, nitrate loadings and crop
yields for a small agricultural catchment in northeastern Germany. To this
end, a 167 ha catchment was delineated consisting of 10 hydrological
response units. Daily data for streamflow and nitrate loadings from 2004 to
2015 were used to calibrate and validate the model, while annual values for
crop yields (winter wheat, winter barley, rapeseed, maize silage) were
available. In addition, the detailed field maps provided by the local farmer
were used to implement exact crop rotations and nitrogen fertilization into
the model. Nash-Sutcliffe-Efficiencies for streamflow were 0.54 during the
calibration and 0.57 for the validation period. The modeling performance for
nitrate loadings were lower with 0.31 for the calibration and 0.42 for the
validation period. The average crop yields were reproduced well, while SWAT
failed to reproduce the inter-annual crop yield variations. A scenario
analysis revealed that a slight decrease of nitrogen fertilization leads to
significant reductions in nitrate loadings, while crop yields remained on a
high level. The outcome of the study may help practitioners to operate
according to an economic and environmental optimal N management.
Nevertheless, experimental studies with varying fertilization intensities at
catchment scale are needed to underpin the modeling results.
Technical note: Lithium isotopes in dolostone as a palaeo-environmental proxy – an experimental approach
Authors: Taylor Holly L. , Duivestein Isaac J. Kell , Farkas Juraj , Dietzel Martin , Dosseto Anthony
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Lithium (Li) isotopes in marine carbonates have considerable
potential as a proxy to constrain past changes in silicate weathering fluxes
and improve our understanding of Earth's climate. To date the majority of Li
isotope studies on marine carbonates have focussed on calcium carbonates.
The determination of the Li isotope fractionation between dolomite and a
dolomitizing fluid would allow us to extend investigations to deep times
(i.e. Precambrian) when dolostones were the most abundant marine carbonate
archives. Dolostones often contain a significant proportion of detrital
silicate material, which dominates the Li budget; thus, pretreatment needs to
be designed so that only the isotope composition of the carbonate-associated
Li is measured. This study aims to serve two main goals: (1) to determine the
Li isotope fractionation between Ca–Mg carbonates and solution, and (2) to
develop a method for leaching the carbonate-associated Li out of dolostone
while not affecting the Li contained within the detrital portion of the rock.
We synthesized Ca–Mg carbonates at high temperatures (150 to 220 ∘C)
and measured the Li isotope composition (δ7Li) of the precipitated
solids and their respective reactive solutions. The relationship of the Li
isotope fractionation factor with temperature was obtained: 103ln⁡αprec-sol=-(2.56±0.27)106(1)/T2+(5.8±1.3) Competitive nucleation and growth between dolomite and magnesite were
observed during the experiments; however, there was no notable effect of their
relative proportion on the apparent Li isotope fractionation. We found that
Li isotope fractionation between the precipitated solid and solution is higher
for Ca–Mg carbonates than for Ca carbonates. If the temperature of a
precipitating solution is known or can be estimated independently, the above
equation could be used in conjunction with the Li isotope composition of
dolostones to derive the composition of the solution and hence make inferences about the
past Li cycle. In addition, we also conducted leaching experiments on a
Neoproterozoic dolostone and a Holocene coral. Results show that leaching
with 0.05 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) or 0.5 % acetic acid (HAc) at room temperature for 60 min
releases Li from the carbonate fraction without a significant contribution of
Li from the siliciclastic detrital component. These experimental and
analytical developments provide a basis for the use of Li isotopes in
dolostones as a palaeo-environmental proxy, which will contribute to further
advance our understanding of the evolution of Earth's surface environments.
The climate of Granada (southern Spain) during the first third of the 18th century (1706–1730) according to documentary sources
Authors: Rodrigo Fernando S.
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The climatic information recorded by the physician
Francisco Fernández Navarrete in Granada (southern Spain) during the
first third of the 18th century is analyzed in this work. His observations
are included in the book Cielo y suelo granadino ('Sky and soil in
Granada'), and consist of qualitative comments relating climatic conditions
to illness and diseases from 1706 to 1730, as well as instrumental
observations (using an “English barometer” and a “Florentine
thermometer”) from December 1728 to February 1730. To the best of our
knowledge, these are the earliest instrumental observations recorded in
Spain. An alternative methodology to Pfister indices, based on the frequency
of extreme events, was applied to study this new set of documentary data. The
analysis shows that seasonal mean values of temperature and precipitation
during the period 1706–1730 were very similar to those of periods of similar
length at the beginning of the 20th century, such as 1906–1930. However,
some years were especially extreme, such as the dry first half of the 1720s
or the winter of 1728–1729 when a strong cold wave affected the city.
Seasonal and inter-annual variability of water column properties along the Rottnest continental shelf, south-west Australia
Authors: Chen Miaoju , Pattiaratchi Charitha B. , Ghadouani Anas , Hanson Christine
Published: April 2019

Abstract. A multi-year ocean glider dataset, obtained along a representative cross-shelf transect
along the Rottnest continental shelf, south-west Australia, was used to characterise the
seasonal and inter-annual variability of water column properties (temperature, salinity,
and chlorophyll fluorescence distribution). All three variables showed distinct seasonal
and inter-annual variations that were related to local and basin-scale ocean atmosphere
processes. Controlling influences for the variability were attributed to forcing from two
spatial scales: (1) the local scale (due to Leeuwin Current and dense shelf water
cascades, DSWC) and (2) the basin scale (El Niño–Southern Oscillation, ENSO,
events). In spring and summer, inner-shelf waters were well mixed due to strong wind
mixing, and deeper waters (>50 m) were vertically stratified in temperature that
contributed to the presence of a subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM). On the inner
shelf, chlorophyll fluorescence concentrations were highest in autumn and winter. DSWCs
were also the main physical feature during autumn and winter. Chlorophyll fluorescence
concentration was higher closer to the seabed than at the surface in spring, summer, and
autumn. The seasonal patterns coincided with changes in the wind field (weaker winds in
autumn) and air–sea fluxes (winter cooling and summer evaporation). Inter-annual
variation was associated with ENSO events. Lower temperatures, higher salinity, and
higher chlorophyll fluorescence (>1 mg m−3) were associated with the El Niño
event in 2010. During the strong La Niña event in 2011, temperatures increased and
salinity and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased (<1 mg m−3). It is concluded
that the observed seasonal and inter-annual variabilities in chlorophyll fluorescence
concentrations were related to the changes in physical forcing (wind forcing, Leeuwin
Current, and air–sea heat and moisture fluxes).
Emergence and Development of a Dialogic Whole-class Discussion Genre
Authors: Sherry Michael B
Published: April 2019

Prior research across disciplines has established the value of dialogic, whole-class discussions. Previous studies have often defined discussions in opposition to the notorious triadic pattern called recitation, or IRE/F, focusing on variations to the teacher’s initiating question or evaluative follow-up on students’ responses. Recent scholarship has also identified variations on recitations and dialogic discussions that suggest these categories might be flexible, containing types of interaction associated with particular contexts. However, research remains to be done on how such types, or genres, of dialogic, whole-class discussion emerge and develop over time. In this article, I take up this line of inquiry, analyzing the classroom discourse of five lesson excerpts generated by a prospective teacher and his students in a US secondary History classroom between October and March. I illustrate how, over time, teacher and students repeatedly renegotiated the nature of a recitation-style textbook review activity using similar patterns of language that suggested an emergent discourse genre. These five interactions did not all lead to dialogic, whole-class discussions; I explain their relative success or failure in terms of how they constructed participants’ relationships to historical and classroom events. I argue that even failed attempts at generating dialogic discourse may be part of a developing genre.
The Impact of Integrating a MOOC Platform on the Teaching of Computer Science Course: A Case Study
Authors: Hakami Mohssen
Published: April 2019

The present study reports an attempt to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of integrating teaching MOOC platform into traditional learning system to teach a face-to-face course. It investigated students’ opinions of Sharurah College of Science and Arts about the benefits and challenges based on their learning experiences in a hybrid learning environment. The researcher used both quantitative and qualitative methods to address the research questions. The study shows the following findings: a MOOC platform, as a new source for learning, supports teaching and learning in a hybrid learning environment; it can be used to support traditional learning; students like and are interested in a hybrid MOOC learning environment; and, finally, the most challenges affecting the hybrid MOOC environment are Internet drop/low speed connections and limited time for discussion in the MOOC.
Spatial Analysis of Sade Traditional Hamlet in Lombok Island, Indonesia: The Alteration of Sasak Tribe’s Traditional Living Space
Authors: Subiyantoro Dini Aiko , Uekita Yasufumi , Oodaira Shigeo , Ono Kunihiko , Sato Koji
Published: April 2019

Hundred years ago, vernacular architecture once triumphed. Unfortunately, poverty and low education bring people facing difficulties in understanding their own culture, building techniques, and village management. This problem then leads them to a bigger issue regarding the alteration of culture and traditional architecture. Among all vernacular architecture in Indonesia, Sasak traditional architecture is one of the unique architectures that still exist until now. However, globalization issue leads the alteration of vernacular architecture includes Sasak tribe culture and traditional village in Lombok island, including the traditional houses. This paper takes Sade Traditional Hamlet as a research subject to provide a deeper understanding of the importance of cultural values of Sasak’s living space and settlement. This research shows that the living space and culture of the Sasak tribe in Sade hamlet has evolved and transformed due to the space necessity and financial ability. Among the total 68 houses, 55.8% are the original houses of Sasak people in Sade hamlet, Bale Tani, 38.2% are the traditional modified houses, Bale Bontar, and 6% are the transitional houses, Bale Kodong. Gradually, Bale Tani change to Bale Bontar house. However, Bale Tani could still be preserved by the system of pattern relatives in the family and awiq-awiq as customary law. A deeper understanding of the house preservation, traditional material, and cultural values of Bale Tani should be taken to create a sustainable conservation method.
Das Ansehen der Bundeswehr
Authors: Wanner Meike
Published: April 2019

The German army has a positive image in Germany. If you ask Germans for their personal opinion of the armed forces, the majority of them will state approvingly that they place great trust in the army and regard it as a legitimate part of society, a view which they have expressed for many years. At the same time, those questioned attribute a more critical attitude towards the armed forces to the population as a whole. Therefore, the perceived climate of public opinion differs from individual attitudes. In this study, the author explains this phenomenon of pluralistic ignorance using a media-centred investigative approach: both the so-called dual climate of opinion and the hostile media and third-person effects have influenced the aforementioned discrepancy in opinion.