bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of breeding objectives in community-based goat breeding programmes in Malawi
Authors: NANDOLO Wilson , WURZINGER Maria , MÉSZÁROS Gábor , VAN TASSELL Curt , GONDWE Timothy , MULINDWA Henry , LAMUNO Doreen , SÖLKNER Johann
Published: November 2024

A study was carried out to identify farmers’ goat breeding objectives as a preparatory step towards the setting up of community based goat breeding programme in Mzimba and Nsanje Districts of Malawi. Participatory workshops were held with farmers to get a general idea of their goat breeding objectives. Farmers with more than 7 does were asked to select, with reasons, the best, average and worst does from their flocks. Productive, reproductive and morphometric data for the ranked does were recorded. There was some agreement between the farmers’ ranking and the trait measurements taken on the goats that were ranked, suggesting that proper measurement of those traits will assist in meeting the farmer’s objectives. The main breeding objective was to increase meat production, but the two sites had different pathways towards this objective. Farmers in Mzimba were more interested in higher growth rates and higher mature weights, while farmers in Nsanje were more interested in improving survival traits, which are more directly related to off-take rates. It is suggested that different selection strategies should be used for each of the sites in order to realise genetic gain that meets the needs of the farmers.
Effects of flock age, prestorage heating of eggs, egg position during storage and storage duration on hatchability parameters in layer parent stock
Authors: TERČIČ Dušan , PESTOTNIK Mojca
Published: November 2024

This study was carried out to determine the effect of different preincubation storage periods, different prestorage egg treatments and different egg positions during storage on egg weight loss, embryo mortality, hatchability, hatchling weight and chick sex ratio at hatch in layer parent stock. The following factors were analyzed: flock age (24 weeks, 65 weeks), prestorage heating periods (0, 5 hours at 37.8 °C), storage periods (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days at 15.0 °C) and egg positions (pointed end up, pointed end down). Parent stock age had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on chick weight. This increase in chick size due to advancing age of layer parent stock is attributable to the fact that egg weight significantly (p < 0.05) improved as the age of parent stock increased. Significant differences were found in absolute egg weight loss during the storage period, as a function of flock’s age (p < 0.05). Eggs stored with the small end down lost less weight during storage compared with the eggs stored with the small end up. Hatchability of fertile eggs did significantly decline after storage for 9, 12, and 15 days. Flock age, prestorage heating and egg position during storage had no positive or detrimental effect on hatchability of set and fertile eggs and to male:female ratio under the conditions of this study. A flock age x egg position interaction indicated that females, hatched from eggs derived from old flock exhibited a tendency to be heavier when eggs are stored pointed end down whereas the egg position did not affect the female weight when eggs came from young flock.
On the role of embeddability in conformal pseudo-hermitian geometry
Authors: Malchiodi Andrea
Published: November 2024

In this article, we review some recent results about the role of embeddability in conformal CR (Cauchy-Riemann) geometry. We will show how this condition enters in the second variation of the pseudo-hermitian counterpart of the Einstein-Hilbert action, in the positivity of the pseudohermitian mass and in the extremality properties of the CR (Cauchy-Riemann) Yamabe quotient. Given also some explicit examples at hand, this aspect shows sharp differences compared to the Riemannian case.
Augmenting the grad-div stabilization for Taylor–Hood finite elements with a vorticity stabilization
Authors: John Volker , Merdon Christian , Zainelabdeen Marwa
Published: November 2024

The least squares vorticity stabilization (LSVS), proposed in N. Ahmed, G. R. Barrenechea, E. Burman, J. Guzmán, A. Linke, and C. Merdon (“A pressure-robust discretization of Oseen’s equation using stabilization in the vorticity equation,” SIAM J. Numer. Anal., vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 2746–2774, 2021) for the Scott–Vogelius finite element discretization of the Oseen equations, is studied as an augmentation of the popular grad-div stabilized Taylor–Hood pair of spaces. An error analysis is presented which exploits the situation that the velocity spaces of Scott–Vogelius and Taylor–Hood are identical. Convection-robust error bounds are derived under the assumption that the Scott–Vogelius discretization is well posed on the considered grid. Numerical studies support the analytic results and they show that the LSVS-grad-div method might lead to notable error reductions compared with the standard grad-div method.
Effect of boron content and quenching temperature on the microstructure and wear resistance of high boron steel
Authors: Wang Han , Fu Hanguang
Published: November 2024

This article investigates the change rule of the microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of high boron steel containing 0.1 wt.% to 0.5 wt.% boron in the cast state and after quenching at different temperatures. The results show that the microstructure of cast high boron steel with different contents of boron is composed of pearlite, ferrite and eutectic boride, which has lower hardness and wear resistance, and the higher the content of boron, the higher the hardness and the better the wear resistance. After quenching at 900–1,000 °C, pearlite and ferrite change into a large number of lamellar martensite and a small amount of lath martensite. After high-temperature quenching at 1,050 °C, retained austenite appears in the microstructure in addition to martensite, and borides are partially dissolved. The hardness and wear resistance are significantly improved compared to the as-cast high boron steel. As the quenching temperature increases, the dissolution of boride is obvious, the hardness and wear resistance are firstly increased and then decreased. When the content of boron is 0.5 wt.% and the quenching temperature is 1,000 °C, the hardness reaches a maximum value of 59.0 HRC, and the abrasion resistance is the best.
Impact of lattice designs and production parameters on mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg in laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Turkoglu Turker
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the impact of lattice designs and production parameters on the mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg fabricated using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF). The research explores the production and performance of gyroid, diamond, and lidinoid lattice structures under varying scanning speeds (600, 900, 1,200 mm s−1). Key findings indicate that scanning speed significantly influences mechanical properties and energy absorption capabilities. The gyroid lattice structure produced at 600 mm s−1 exhibited the highest compressive strength (76.51 MPa) and energy absorption (28.57 MJ m−3). SEM-EDS analysis revealed no substantial structural defects, while porosity and microstructural deformations were observed at higher scanning speeds. Finite element simulations demonstrated localized buckling and fissure formation in lattice structures under compressive loads. The study highlights the critical role of production parameters in optimizing the mechanical performance of L-PBF-manufactured AlSi10Mg, offering insights into achieving cost and time efficiencies in additive manufacturing processes. This comprehensive analysis contributes to advancing the application of L-PBF in producing complex, high-performance aluminum alloy components for industrial use.
Franz Rosenzweig’s and Paul Celan’s Early German Translations of Yehudah Halevi’s Hebrew Poems
Authors: Dal Bo Federico
Published: November 2024

My paper examines Franz Rosenzweig’s and Paul Celan’s translations of Yehudah Halevi’s poems, approaching the topic from the perspectives of both translation studies and literary criticism. On the one hand, I will scrutinize Rosenzweig’s and Celan’s translations against the backdrop of their theological approaches. I will also attempt to articulate the translation technique that Celan typically employed throughout his life, while translating from multiple languages into German. On the other hand, I will explore Celan’s implicit departure from Rosenzweig and his choice to specifically translate these two poems in light of his poetics, his notion of exile, and his exclusive choice of using German as his only poetic language.
Extent of peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer is not associated with changes in thrombin generation or fibrinolysis
Authors: Lundbech Mikkel , Krag Andreas Engel , Iversen Lene Hjerrild , Brandsborg Birgitte , Hvas Anne-Mette
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Cancer cells can activate coagulation and inhibit fibrinolysis. The aim was to investigate the association between the burden of peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer (PM-CRC) and biomarkers reflecting thrombin generation and fibrinolysis.

Methods

A cohort of 55 patients with PM-CRC scheduled for cytoreductive surgery. Patients were grouped by the peritoneal cancer index (PCI) assessed intraoperatively into limited PM-CRC (PCI≤15) and extensive PM-CRC (PCI>15). Blood samples were obtained before surgery. Thrombin generation was measured in vivo by thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), and ex vivo by the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP). Fibrinolysis was analyzed with fibrin clot lysis assay, fibrinogen, and D-dimer.

Results

Non-significantly decreased thrombin generation by F1+2 (p=0.72), TAT (p=0.32), and ETP (p=0.19) were observed in patients with extensive PM-CRC (n=9) compared with limited PM-CRC (n=46). Non-significantly prolonged 50 % clot lysis time were found in patients with extensive PM-CRC than in patients with limited PM-CRC.

Conclusions

Minor non-significant differences in thrombin generation and fibrinolysis were found between patients with extensive PM-CRC and limited PM-CRC. Thus, increased peritoneal metastatic burden from colorectal cancer does not seem to affect thrombin generation and fibrinolysis.
Kein Vergleich! Zur „kritischen Betrachtung des Model of Ability-Tracking (MoAbiT)“ von Lorenz, Lenz und Rjosk (2023) in der Zeitschrift für Soziologie.
Authors: Esser Hartmut
Published: November 2024

Der Beitrag beantwortet die Kritik von Lorenz, Lenz und Rjosk (2023) am „Model of Ability-Tracking“ (MoAbiT) und den empirischen Analysen bei Esser und Seuring (2020). Es sind zwei Punkte: Die Vergleichbarkeit der verwendeten Datensätze und die Kritik des theoretischen Modells. Die für eine Replikation nötige Vergleichbarkeit der jeweils verwendeten Datensätze, NEPS gegenüber IQB, ist danach in einem für das Ziel der Reproduzierbarkeit ausreichendem Maße nicht gegeben, so dass sich Befunde, welcher Art auch immer, für die Haltbarkeit des Modells nicht bewerten lassen. Die Einwände gegen das Modell beziehen sich im Kern auf zwei Aspekte: Die Ausblendung der Effekte von peer-Interaktionen und die Vernachlässigung verschiedener stratifizierender Prozesse der Differenzierung schon im Ansatz, speziell der Schereneffekte und der primären Effekte bei der kognitiven Entwicklung. Es wird gezeigt, dass das unzutreffend ist. Gleichwohl hat die Replik eine Reihe von Aspekten angesprochen und klären helfen, an die vorher in der Tat nicht gedacht worden war, wie die Möglichkeit sog. Kollateral-Stratifikationen und die in dieser Weise bisher nicht untersuchte Frage, ob nicht gerade die frühe Trennung der Bildungswege eine Voraussetzung für die positiven Effekte der Differenzierung sind. Übergreifend ist der Beitrag ein Beispiel für die Fruchtbarkeit von Repliken und Replikationen, auch wenn sie in bestimmten Einzelpunkten ungeeignet oder unzutreffend sind.
Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Strength Ratios in Women Team Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Korpinen Marika M. , Trieschock Devon , Fields Jennifer B. , Jagim Andrew R. , Almonroeder Thomas G. , Jones Margaret T.
Published: November 2024

Women experience a higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries than men. Muscle imbalance, in particular hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) strength ratio, is considered a risk factor for ACL injury. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify isokinetic H:Q strength ratios in women team sport athletes and determine whether cutoff values, determined from research with predominantly males, of >0.6 for conventional ratio (Hamstringconcentric:Quadricepsconcentric [CR]) and >1.0 for functional ratio (Hamstringeccentric:Quadricepsconcentric [FR]) were met. The CR (0.6) was not met for team ([mean ± SD: 0.56 ± 0.08]), field (0.57 ± 0.08), and court (0.56 ± 0.08) sports. Handball presented the highest (0.58 ± 0.07), and softball presented the lowest CRs (0.47 ± 0.06). The FR (1.0) was not met for team (0.69 ± 0.14), field (0.85 ± 0.14), and court (0.65 ± 0.14) sports. Soccer presented the highest (0.85 ± 0.14) and handball the lowest (0.66 ± 0.13) FRs. When assessing hamstring and quadriceps strength balance, women team sport athletes did not meet CR or FR values, which may contribute to increased ACL injury risk. H:Q ratios below cutoff values may indicate compromised hamstring strength. It is recommended practitioners implement strength exercises aimed to improve H:Q ratios.
Druggability, molecular targets, and nanocarrier delivery of natural triterpenoid celastrol against chronic diseases
Authors: Chan Chi Lui , Sun Yilu , Mao Xiaowen , Chen Hansen , Zhao Jia , Rong Jianhui
Published: November 2024

Celastrol is an active compound from the root of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F that shows great potential in the treatment of inflammation, cancer, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and obesity. However, the clinical application of celastrol has been hindered by its low bioavailability and severe systemic toxicity. The aim of this review was to discuss the druggability, molecular targets, and nanocarrier delivery of the natural triterpenoid, celastrol, against chronic diseases. We sequentially investigated the physicochemical properties of celastrol using online tools (pkCSM and SwissADME), reviewed the recent studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of celastrol, and examined the potential of nanoparticle-mediated delivery systems for safe and effective delivery of celastrol. The cancer-related targets and pathways involved were further predicted through network pharmacologic analysis. This review provides molecular insights into the pharmacologic activities and molecular mechanisms underlying celastrol, as well as useful information for the selection of nanocarrier drug delivery system for the clinical delivery of celastrol against various chronic diseases.
Restoring Compromised Cl
−
in D2 Neurons of a Huntington’s Disease Mouse Model Rescues Motor Disability
Authors: Serranilla Melissa , Pressey Jessica C. , Woodin Melanie A.
Published: November 2024

Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no cure, characterized by significant neurodegeneration of striatal GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs). Early stages of the disease are characterized by the loss of dopamine 2 receptor–expressing MSNs (D2 MSNs) followed by degeneration of dopamine 1 receptor–expressing MSNs (D1 MSNs), leading to aberrant basal ganglia signaling. While the early degeneration of D2 MSNs and impaired GABAergic transmission are well-documented, potassium chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2), a key regulator of intracellular chloride (Cl
−
), and therefore GABAergic signaling, has not been characterized in D1 and D2 MSNs in HD. We aimed to investigate whether Cl
−
regulation was differentially altered in D1 and D2 MSNs and may contribute to the early degeneration of D2 MSNs in male and female symptomatic R6/2 mice. We used electrophysiology to record the reversal potential for GABA
A
receptors (
E
GABA
), a read-out for the efficacy of Cl
−
regulation, in striatal D1 and D2 MSNs and their corresponding output structures. During the early symptomatic phase (P55–P65), Cl
−
impairments were observed in D2 MSNs in R6/2 mice, with no change in D1 MSNs. Cl
−
regulation was also dysfunctional in the globus pallidus externa, resulting in GABA-mediated excitation. When we overexpressed KCC2 in D2 MSNs using AAV-mediated delivery, we delayed the onset of motor impairments in R6/2 mice. We demonstrate that Cl
−
homeostasis is differentially altered in D1 and D2 MSNs and may contribute to the enhanced susceptibility of D2 MSNs during HD progression.
POST-RADIATION COMPLICATIONS AS A FACTOR IN PREDICTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF BODY AND CERVICAL CANCER
Authors:   RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, national Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dumanskyi Yu.V. , Domina E.A. ,   RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, national Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Stoliarova O.Yu. ,   National Cancer Institute of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Makovetska L.I. ,   RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, national Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2024

Summary. Despite recent advances in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the endometrium and cervix, in a certain part of patients after combined treatment, which includes radiation therapy, there are progressive radiation-induced radiation impressions of the pelvic organs. The presence of the latter and the degree of their expressiveness quite often require long-term care and treatment. Based on the analysis of literature data, the publication presents modern ideas about the factors that influence the development of post-radiation complications, their characteristics, and provides information about the conceptual features of changes occurring in the area of influence of radiation therapy.
ALGORITHMS FOR OPTIMIZING THE TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE MEDIASTINUM AND CHEST WALL
Authors:   Shupyk National University of Health Care of Ukraine, Zakharichev V.D. ,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Gordiychuk P.I. ,   Shupyk National University of Health Care of Ukraine, Borisyuk B.O. ,   Shupyk National University of Health Care of Ukraine,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

Summary. Primary tumors of the mediastinum and chest wall constitute a heterogeneous group of lesions in terms of morphological structure, united by one anatomical localization. Given the proximity to vital structures of these tumors, their treatment is often a difficult task. Although surgery remains the primary treatment for most mediastinal and chest wall tumors, many cases require a multidisciplinary approach. Aim: provide a comparative description of the immediate and long-term results of various methods of treating malignant tumors of the mediastinum and chest wall. Object and methods: the results of surgical, combined and complex treatment of 1375 patients with primary malignant tumors of the mediastinum and 98 patients with malignant tumors of the chest wall were analyzed. Various treatment methods were used in the neoadjuvant regime: radiation therapy, thermoradiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, intra-arterial regional chemotherapy. Results: the presented results proved that the use of intra-arterial chemotherapy in neoadjuvant therapy had the lowest frequency of metastases in comparison with the frequency when using thermoradiotherapy and are statistically significant (p < 0.001), and compared to the use of chemoradiotherapy had no statistical significance (р > 0,05). The 3- and 5-year survival rates after RVANC were significantly better (p < 0.05) when compared with the thermoradiation therapy subgroup. Conclusions: the choice of treatment method for patients with malignant tumors of the mediastinum and chest wall should be based on a personalized approach, with the mandatory use of neoadjuvant therapy. When a malignant tumor is localized in the anterior mediastinum, anterior and lateral chest wall, in the blood circulation zone a. thoracica interna, a promising variant of neoadjuvant therapy is intra-arterial regional chemotherapy
Por uma cosmopolítica da imagem no cinema documentário entre os Guarani
Authors: Francisco Serafim José , Porfírio Iago
Published: November 2024

A proposta deste artigo é refletir sobre a constituição cosmopolítica da imagem no cinema documentário entre os povos Guarani, como um modo de escapar dos regimes de destruição dos modos de vida dos povos tradicionais e de construir outras formas de fazer política, utilizando como instrumento o cinema. O objetivo é estudar as produções desses coletivos em relação à cosmopolítica, que se inscreve no processo de construção das imagens e do processo fílmico, tendo o conceito da comunicação intermundos (Oliveira, 2020, 2021, 2023) como uma categoria teórico-metodológica para pensar a cosmopolítica da imagem no cinema documentário guarani. A questão central é compreender como o político e o cosmológico adentram as formas fílmicas a partir de uma elaboração da cena dissensual, da performance e da fabulação. Desse modo, esses três conceitos (dissenso, performance e fabulação) poderiam ser o nosso ponto de partida teórico-analítico.
Towards a better understanding of the role of population policies in tackling climate change
Authors: Muttarak Raya
Published: November 2024

As the global population hit eight billion in 2022 and climate change-induced extreme events have become more visible worldwide, there has been renewed public interest in the impact of population growth on climate change. This has also sparked a debate about the role of population control policies as a key strategy to curb global warming. This essay argues that the relationship between population dynamics and climate change is highly complex, and that having specific background knowledge could be beneficial for participating in this debate. To this end, this essay presents three points that readers may wish to consider when forming their judgements: (1) the role of demographers in assessing how human population impacts climate change; (2) the importance of acknowledging the demographic heterogeneity and complexity of the relationship between human populations and climate change; and (3) the disparities in resource consumption and the resulting emissions in the context of climate justice.
Walrus Pipes and Waving Panpipes
Authors: Szabó Bálint
Published: November 2024

Musical instruments play a fundamental role in speculative music creations. Standing at the intersection of various fields, they embody concepts, meanings, symbols and musical consonances that are specific to each and every culture. In the present age, mass-produced Western instruments are primarily made for musical geniuses in service of virtuosity, while they all sound the consonances of a single standardized tuning system. In contrast, the 3D printed wind instrument project presented here aims to be a counterpoint to these instruments. They are simple, custom-made new instruments that work together as an ensemble, in service of communal playing. For this reason, they can be used for diverse musical purposes: they are open, nonauthoritative, and as embodiments of new meanings and uncommon consonances, they might as well be agents and representatives of speculative music worlds. This article reveals the complete design process of two 3D printed wind instrument ensembles developed throughout the project: the Walrus Pipes and the Waving Panpipes.
Efficacy and perceived satisfaction of 3-year SLIT in children with allergic rhinitis and asthma: a pilot study
Authors: Manti Sara , Diletta Tropea Giulia , Ledda Caterina , Parisi Giuseppe Fabio , Papale Maria , Compalati Enrico , Frati Franco , Leonardi Salvatore
Published: November 2024

Background: Despite the presence of robust evidence, there is very limited data on the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) for selected patients. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and perceived satisfaction of a 3-year course of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in a paediatric population with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma.
Methods: A pilot, monocentre, retrospective cohort study was performed. One hundred fifty-three children who fulfilled the criteria for allergic rhinitis and asthma and were either mono- or poly-sensitized were enrolled. A standardized questionnaire assessing perceived efficacy, use of rescue medication, disease control, number of exacerbations, quality of life, and perceived satisfaction was administered to each patient.
Results: Seventy patients (49 males, 21 females; mean age, 14.3±1.9 years) were included in the final analysis. All 70 patients received SLIT for up to 3 years, with 100% adherence to the treatment throughout the study. Significant improvements in symptoms and quality of life were reported (p<0.01). There was also a significant decrease in disease severity, use of rescue medication, and sleep disturbances (p<0.01). Additionally, a significant improvement in school performance was also recorded (p<0.01). Of the enrolled patients, 60 out of 70 (85.7%) reported being very satisfied, 6 out of 70 (8.57%) were much satisfied, and 4 out of 60 (5.71%) were satisfied.
Conclusions: We were the first to demonstrate the efficacy and perceived satisfaction of a 3-year SLIT in a paediatric population, with 100% treatment adherence throughout the study.
Identifying features of the stressed-strained state of a non-rigid roadbed along ascents and descents on highways
Authors: Mozhovyi Volodymyr , Kushnir Oleksandr , Levkivska Liydmyla , Kutsman Oleksandr , Levkivskyi Sergii , Hrynchak Ilona
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is the asphalt-concrete layers of non-rigid roadbed on ascents and descents of highways before bridges.
Asphalt-concrete layers of highways on approaches to bridges are one of the most important elements for providing the strength and durability of the entire structure of non-rigid roadbed. On the ascents and descents of approaches to bridges, where the speed of vehicles changes most often, the roadbed is exposed to more intense damage than in other areas. Practical experience shows that one of the most common root causes of the types of destruction of asphalt-concrete layers is disruption of their integrity in the form of cracks, which creates dangerous situations for road users due to premature and more intensive destruction of all road surfaces.
This paper investigates features of the stressed-strained state of asphalt-concrete layers of roadbed on ascents and descents in the areas connecting bridges and overpasses with the embankment. A spatial finite-element model has been considered, which makes it possible to describe the stressed-strained state of each element in the road surface structure induced by the effect of traffic load on it.
Quantitative and qualitative analysis of deformations, displacements, and stresses in asphalt-concrete layers of the structure of roadbed was carried out. Circumstances that can affect the premature formation of cracks and lead to a decrease in the durability of roadbed structures have been identified.
This study makes it possible to identify and eliminate potential dangers that arise during the operation of roadbed. The results could be implemented in the design of roadbed in areas with difficult traffic in the area of ascent and descent, in particular before the bridge. Knowledge of features of the stressed-strained state of roadbed would contribute to the preservation of road infrastructure, could make it possible to improve the comfort and convenience when moving goods and passengers
Establishing fire protection patterns in wood using impregnation compositions from inorganic salts
Authors: Tsapko Yuriy , Tsapko Aleksii , Zhartovskyi Sergii , Likhnyovskyi Ruslan , Kravchenko Maryna , Lialina Natalia , Berezovskyi Yurii , Kaveryn Kostiantyn , Sarapin Yuriy
Published: November 2024

An issue related to using inorganic salts for fire protection of wood is to ensure their flame-inhibiting ability and compatibility with wood and application technology. That is why the object of research was to establish the effectiveness of inhibitory properties of mixtures of inorganic salts during interaction with the flame and enabling interplay with wood. A synergistic increase in the inhibitory capacity of mixtures of aqueous solutions of salts of diammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate at a ratio of 2:1, and for a mixture based on orthophosphoric acid, urea, and oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid in the concentration range of 20–25 % by mass, has been proven. During the interaction of the specified mixtures with the wood surface, it was found that after application to the wood surface, the dispersed component of the free energy of the wood surface decreased to zero; instead, the polar component increased 13 times, which indicates a change in the wood surface. During the tests of wood samples on the effect of the burner flame, it was found that the untreated sample ignited on second 53, and the flame spread throughout the sample for 102 s. On the other hand, the samples treated with a mixture of an aqueous solution of phosphate and ammonium sulfate, as well as a mixture of aqueous solutions based on orthophosphoric acid and urea and oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid, did not catch fire, the flame did not spread over the surface, and the flammability index was 0. The practical significance is that the results were taken into account when designing flame retardant compositions for wood. Thus, there are reasons to assert the possibility of targeted regulation of wood protection processes through the use of mixtures of inorganic salts capable of forming a protective layer on the surface of the material that inhibits the burning of wood
Lärarnas och elevernas lärande om funktionstänkande: En utbildningsvetenskaplig designstudie i en algebraisk undervisningspraktik
Authors:   , Sterner Helén
Published: November 2024

The overall aim of the thesis is to advance knowledge about algebra teaching in early grades (Grades 1-6). The thesis highlights how teachers’and students’ learning about generalizations and functional relationships in early algebra can change in an algebraic teaching practice. This research focuses on identifying teachers’ and students’ learning about algebra, generalizations and functional relationships and further describes the consequences of such teaching. Functional thinking consists of three modes: recursive patterning, covariational thinking, and correspondence relationships, and all three are essential in understanding algebraic generalizations. One way to develop students’ learning about functional thinking is to deliberately base the teaching on these three modes of functional thinking. However, such teaching is challenging in the early grades, specifically concerning correspondence relationships, as most often the focus is on recursive patterning. This project was conducted as an educational design research study, including three consecutive sub-studies that built on each other in terms of both form and content (algebra). The teachers participated in anintervention to develop functional thinking when working with pattern generalizations in their Grades 1 and 6 classes and were involved in all phases of the intervention. The results showed how the understanding of generalizations and functional relationships in algebra changed for both teachers and students. Although, different representations were used the graphs, in particular, developed the students’ functional thinking when working with generalizations in growing patterns. This helped teachers and students visualize and discuss all three modes of functional thinking. Graphs inlinear relations made it possible to visualize covariational thinking, justify different correspondence rules, and enable students to discuss the mathematical structures in generalized formulas. Due to the fact the teachers participated in all phases of the intervention, it was possible to capture challenges that arose while teaching. Hence, knowledge contribution involved the importance of the teacher being challenged, which required them to develop and alter their teaching practice.
The Importance of the Skin Syndrome in the Primary Diagnosis of Connective Tissue Diseases in Children: Case Report
Authors: Zatolokina Anastasia O. , Belousova Tamara V. , Loskutova Svetlana A. , Blagitko Nataliya E.
Published: November 2024

Background. Timely verification of the clinical diagnosis of connective tissue diseases in children based on the onset of the earliest symptoms, including skin manifestations, and timely initiation of treatment can prevent the development of irreversible complications, increase the life expectancy of patients and its quality.

The aim of the study. To analyze the nature of skin manifestations as a marker of the onset connective tissue disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), localized scleroderma (morphea), juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), juvenile polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA), and the timing of the main clinical diagnosis from the moment of manifestation of connective tissue disorders. To clearly demonstrate the importance of skin syndrome in the timeliness of clinical diagnosis, a clinical case is presented.

Methods. Analysis of medical records and prospective observation of 47 patients aged up to 17 years 11 months with an established diagnosis of connective tissue diseases and the presence of skin syndrome at the onset of the disease.

Results. Among patients with SLE, only 20.0% of children had skin syndrome only in the form of butterfly rash, and other skin manifestations were noted in 80.0% of patients. The period from the onset of skin syndrome to diagnosis was 8.0 ± 2.1 months. In 57.2% of patients with morphea, skin syndrome was detected exclusively in the form of single or multiple elements, and in 42.8% there was a combination of a pathognomonic morphological element with alopecia and scleroderma. The average time to make a clinical diagnosis of morphea from the onset of the skin syndrome was 11.0 ± 1.9 months. In all patients with JDM, skin manifestations were characterized by polymorphism (papules and Gottron’s sign, heliotrope rash, palmar capillaritis, livedo reticularis, cheilitis). The diagnosis was made 14.0 ± 3.2 months from the onset of skin syndrome. In patients with documented PAN, skin manifestations debuted in the form of erythema, areas of necrosis, palmar capillaritis, livedo reticularis, and cheilitis. The period from the onset of skin syndrome to clinical diagnosis was 6.0 ± 2.4 months. Among patients with SJIA, skin syndrome was represented by a maculopapular rash associated with fever and its regression when body temperature normalized. The period until clinical diagnosis was made from the onset of the skin syndrome was 2.0 ± 1.1 months.

Conclusion. In most cases, the skin syndrome in patients at the onset of the disease was characterized by polymorphism and diversity of elements with the involvement of the vascular component. At the same time, the time from the debut of connective tissue disease in the form of the appearance of skin syndrome to the clinical diagnosis varied in the range from 2 to 14 months.
Avaliação Psicológica Forense da Alienação Parental: A Visão de Juristas
Authors: Kirchesch Silvana Angela , Sani Ana Isabel
Published: November 2024

Resumo É apresentado um estudo qualitativo das percepções dos operadores do direito sobre o papel dos psicólogos forenses nos processos que envolvem alienação parental (AP). Foram recolhidos dados de 71 operadores do direito no estado de Mato Grosso/Brasil por meio de um inquérito online, submetidos a análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Os resultados focam o desempenho dos psicólogos de Mato Grosso, como prestadores de serviços credenciados ou servidores públicos, com capacidade técnica para a certificação de AP, como assistente do juízo e proteção da criança, adolescente e família. A verificação de AP é um processo muito exigente, requer formação especializada e excelentes capacidades técnicas e pessoais dos psicólogos envolvidos. As sugestões para melhorar a praxis incluem mais profissionais, melhores condições logísticas e técnicas, e uma abordagem interdisciplinar e ética.
The 12th International Medicinal Mushrooms Conference (IMMC12), September 24-27, 2024, Bari, Italy
Authors: Gargano Maria Letizia , Venturella Giuseppe
Published: November 2024

In September 2024, 230 delegates from 40 different countries (Fig. 1) gathered at The Nicolaus Hotel Bari - HO Collection (Bari, Italy), for the 12th International Medicinal Mushrooms Conference (IMMC12), the second to be held in Italy after the Palermo Conference in 2017. The theme of the conference was "medicinal mushrooms: the bet for the future of humanity." IMMC12 participants had the opportunity to discuss and share scientific innovations in the medicinal mushroom sector and to become aware of current research results.
Study on dissociation mechanism and process of regenerated cryolite
Authors: Tang FangHeng , Chen Xiping , Liu Hao
Published: November 2024

Solid waste produced in the process of aluminum electrolysis is a substantial secondary source of fluorine, the fluoride electrolyte in aluminum electrolysis carbon slag accounts for about 75%. Regenerative cryolite, extracted from anode carbon residue through flotation or calcination, possesses a significant potential for fluorine recovery. The fluoride in regenerated cryolite is mainly insoluble, making its efficient dissociation crucial for utilizing the solid waste from aluminum electrolysis. This study uses regenerative cryolite and sodium carbonate to examine how roasting temperature, time, and the reagent-to-cryolite ratio (R/C) affect cryolite dissociation. Dissociation efficiency is measured using indices like baking loss, leaching loss, fluoride ion concentration in the leachate, and fluoride ion conversion rate. Optimal dissociation is achieved at 780°C–820°C, 2.0–2.5 h roasting time, and an R/C ratio of 1.0–1.2. Orthogonal experimental results highlight the predominant influence of R/C, with roasting temperature being the secondary factor and roasting time having the least impact. Notably, at 780°C, 2.0 h, and an R/C ratio of 1.2:1, the fluoride ion conversion rate reaches a peak of 94.23%. This allows for recycling and production of high-value fluoride products, benefiting both the environment and the economy.
Döviz Kurunun Hisse Senedi Fiyatları Üzerindeki Etkileri: BRICS Ülkeleri ve Türkiye Örneği
Authors: Bölükbaşı Ömer Faruk , Ürkmez Emre
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı Ocak 2013 ile Ekim 2023 dönemleri arası aylık veriler kullanılarak kısa ve uzun dönemde döviz kurunun hisse senedi fiyatları üzerindeki asimetrik etkilerini BRICS ülkeleri ve Türkiye için incelemektir. Çalışmada doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan ARDL yöntemine dayalı hata düzeltme modelleri Chudik ve Pesaran (2015) tarafından geliştirilen DCCEMG tahmincisi ile tahmin edilmiştir. Elde edilen tahmin sonuçlarına göre hisse senedi fiyatları ile döviz kurları arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki vardır. Asimetrik test sonuçlarına göre hem kısa hem de uzun dönemde döviz kurunun hisse senedi fiyatları üzerindeki etkilerinin asimetrik olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada BRICS ülkeleri ve Türkiye’nin para birimlerinin dolar karşısında değerlenmesinin bu ülkelerin hisse senedi fiyatlarını uzun dönemde arttırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
NK cells pretreated with estriol and commensal flora cells regulate the maturation of Treg and Th17 from CD4+ lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis patients and healthy donors
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS, Nekrasova Irina V. , Glebezdina Natalia S. ,   Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS, Maslennikova Irina L. ,   Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS,   E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Danchenko Irina Yu. ,   E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Shirshev Sergey V. ,   Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS
Published: November 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory chronic disease of the central nervous system, one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of which is an immune-mediated attack to the myelin sheath of nerve axons under the control of autoreactive T cells. NK cells, one of subtypes of ILC cells, have the ability to regulate autoimmune mechanisms through the production of cytokines or cytotoxic effects directly against effector cells, such as autoreactive T cells or antigen-presenting cells. At the same time, they can also lyse microglial, astrocyte, and oligodendrocyte cells, indicating a dual function of NK cells in MS. The influence of the pregnancy hormone estriol (E3) and commensal microflora on the ability of NK cells to modulate the level of T regulatory (Treg) and IL-17-producing (Th17) lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in comparison with healthy donors was studied. To activate NK cells, Ecsherichia coli K12 and Lactobacillus plantarum 8R-A3 strains were used. The phenotype of Treg and Th17 cells was assessed by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibody staining. It was found that NK cells incubated with E3 and E. coli stimulate the formation of Tregs, and pretreatment of NK cells with L. plantarum inhibits the formation of Th17 from CD4+ lymphocytes. In general, regulatory lymphocytes from MS patients turned out to be more sensitive to the influence of NK cells than cells from healthy donors.
THE MATERIAL COMPOSITION OF THE СHUROCHINSKAYA FORMATION IN THE VISHERA DIAMONDIFEROUS REGION (PERM KRAI)
Authors:   Perm State University, Tomilina E. M.
Published: November 2024

The results of a study of the mineral composition, structural and textural features of glacial deposits, i.e. tillites, as well as the material composition of the pelitic fraction of the Churochinskaya formation in the Krasnovisherskiy diamondiferous region are presented. Tillites were studied with petrographic and X-ray phase analysis. According to the results of petrographic study of samples of tillitic conglomerates, it was confirmed that the cementing part prevails over the detrital material. Fragments of rocks of different genesis and different sizes, but with almost the same roundness, are immersed in the main mass. The pelitic fraction of bottom sediments consists of a number of minerals: quartz, feldspar of the potassium-sodium variety, clay minerals. In most of the studied samples, clay minerals are represented by illite, occasionally accompanied by chlorite. The initial clay substance of the sediment is one of the valuable indicators of paleogeographic and paleoclimatic sedimentation environments. It is believed that the hydrous micas are formed at the first stages of hypergenesis in the weathering crusts of terrigenous rocks and sediments of the seas and oceans, where they are often found in combination with chlorite. Chlorite is one of the important indicators of sedimentation conditions.
The Effectiveness of the Use of Scanning Acoustic Cementation Equipment in the Oil Fields of the Udmurt Republic
Authors:   Perm State University, Iskandirov M. V.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the experience of using the acoustic sector-scanning equipment to solve various problems of assessing the quality of cement stone adhesion (ACC) in the column space at the deposits of the Udmurt Republic. The interpretation technique is also briefly considered.
‘Pseudo Methodios Süryanice Apokaliptik Metni’nde Son İmparator Toposu
Authors: Var Umut
Published: November 2024

Süryanice Apokaliptik Metin, 7. yüzyılda kaleme alınmış olup, Süryanice eskatoloji ve apokaliptisizm literatürünün temel taşlarından biri olarak kabul edilen son derece önemli bir eserdir. İnsanoğlunu kıyamete götüren dinamiklere ve kıyametin gerçekleşmesine dair birtakım kehanetler sunan bu metin, bir bakıma İslam fetihleri neticesinde kendilerine has sembolik ve bütüncül evrenlerine yeni ögeler katan Süryanilerin bu ögelere karşı geliştirdikleri tepkileri yansıtmaktadır. Söz konusu tepkiler arasında en önemlisi, rehavete kapılan Hıristiyanları Mesih’in gelişinden önce tek bir çatı altında toplayacak ve onları yönetmeye muvaffak olacak "son imparator" toposudur. Bu makale, "son imparator" toposuna atfedilen kutsal unsurlar ile Mesih’in gelişinden önce bu toposa yüklenen görevleri incelemeyi ve böylece kavramın oluşum nedenleri ile Süryani Hıristiyanlarının kolektif belleğindeki yerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
An Inquiry on Ancient Natural Theology: The Milesians
Authors: İrmak Adem
Published: November 2024

Natural theology is a branch of philosophy that employs empirical and logical methods to gain insight into the nature of God and His attributes. The fundamental structure of natural theology is derived from the tenets of religion and the essential concerns of metaphysics, a branch of philosophy. The arguments for the existence of God represent a central aspect of religious discourse. Consequently, natural theology is situated at the nexus of religion and philosophy. The investigation of the nature of God is a pursuit that has been undertaken since the earliest periods of human history. Nevertheless, within the context of Western philosophy, its roots can be traced back to the ancient Greek tradition. In the last century, there has been a tendency to approach the Pre-Socratics with a certain degree of bias. These philosophers have been viewed in two distinct ways: either as evangelists of the prophetic path or as scientists whose focus was solely on nature and who made no theological claims. This paper examines the possibility of offering an alternative interpretation of their philosophical contributions from the perspective of natural theology. It is proposed that exploring the historical context could provide new insights into studying philosophy and religion. Scholars engaged in the field of the philosophy of religion and those specializing in the history of philosophy may gain new perspectives by tracing the footprints of natural theology within the surviving fragments of the Milesian school
Hacia una bioeconomía tropical sostenible en el suroccidente colombiano: brechas de investigación
Authors: Quintero-Angel Mauricio , Sánchez-Mejía Myriam , Escobar-Jaramillo Luis A.
Published: November 2024

Para Colombia la generación de nuevos productos, procesos y servicios de alto valor agregado y sofisticación a partir de la biodiversidad en el marco de una bioeconomía tropical sostenible, constituye una ventana de oportunidad. Este artículo tiene por objeto identificar las brechas de investigación en torno a la bioeconomía tropical sostenible en el contexto colombiano, y presenta las bases para el Centro Nacional de Investigación e Innovación para las Biociencias y la Bioindustria en el Valle del Cauca. Se emplea el enfoque metodológico de la investigación orientada por misión, con el que se identificaron cinco brechas de investigación: i) Limitado conocimiento científico de la biodiversidad útil para la bioeconomía, ii) Limitada integración de la cadena de valor bio, iii) Dependencia tecnológica y limitado desarrollo de tecnologías propias para la transición hacia la bioeconomía, iv) Limitado desarrollo de mercados para productos y servicios en el marco de la bioeconomía, y v) Limitada capacidad de gestión y gerencia para bionegocios. El cierre de estas brechas permitirá avanzar hacia la consolidación de una bioindustria con carácter diferenciador e innovador de clase mundial. Finalmente, se concluye que es necesario fortalecer las capacidades científicas y tecnológicas para generar a partir del capital natural una oferta de productos, procesos y servicios con carácter diferenciador e innovador, de clase mundial, con los volúmenes, calidad y estandarización necesarios, para responder a las necesidades regionales y contribuir sosteniblemente a optimizar la competitividad de las cadenas de abastecimiento bioindustriales.