bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The importance of primary foreign language education for the language training of general school students: the theoretical aspect of the research problem
Authors: Goncharova Natalya A. , Melekhova Nataliya V. , Ulyanov Sergey S.
Published: April 2022

The importance of primary foreign language education of younger school students for further study of a foreign language in secondary and high schools is emphasized. The concept of “primary foreign language education” is studied in detail, the aspects and specifics of primary foreign language education presented in methodological science since 1940 are identified, the terms “language learning” and “language acquisition” are analyzed. Within the framework of the article, we addressed the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard in the field of implementation of primary foreign language education and determined the role of the younger student in teaching a foreign language. It is substantiated that the skills and abilities of foreign language proficiency formed in elementary school are the basis for further mastering of a foreign language by students in order to implement full-fledged foreign language communication. The specific trait of primary education is a game activity that lays the foundations for the natural mastery of a foreign language by younger students. The main advantage of playing activities in comparison with other types of activities is the provision of natural motives for the implementation of basic speech actions by young students. Reliance on the native language and consideration of the patterns of mastering native speech when teaching a foreign language are the most important characteristics of primary foreign language education. The conclusion is made that learning a foreign language in elementary school occurs naturally and through the same channels as mastering the native language.
Methods of evaluation of physical fitness of the young shooters with hearing impairment at the early stage of training
Authors: Barasheva Oksana G.
Published: April 2022

The relevance of this study is due to the need of monitoring the physical fitness of young shooters with hearing impairment in the process of sports training and the lack of a set of diagnostic tests to assess these indicators at the early stage of training. The subject of the study was defined as a diagnostic toolkit for assessing the physical fitness of young shooters with hearing impairment, including control test exercises to assess the full range of physical qualities. The aim of the study was to develop methods for the evaluation of physical fitness of young shooters with hearing impairment at the early stage of training. To achieve the goal the following research methods were used: analysis of scientific and methodical literature on the problem of research, analysis of normative documentation regulating the training process in bullet shooting for athletes with hearing impairment, pedagogical observation, concretization, systematization, testing of physical qualities, methods of mathematical statistics, generalization. Results of the study: the transfer standards used in bullet shooting of hearing-impaired athletes when transferring athletes from one training stage to another are analyzed; methods of evaluating physical fitness of young shooters with hearing impairment at the early stage of training are developed, including a set of control exercises assessing manifestations of all physical qualities necessary for young shooters with hearing impairment, substantiated the expediency of those methods. The results of the study can be recommended for practical application to hearing impaired athletes specializing in bullet shooting and their coaches in order to improve both the physical training process and the implementation of its qualitative and complete control.
Career dynamics of the governors of the Russian Empire in 1906–1911
Authors: Lovtsov Vladimir А.
Published: April 2022

The relevance of the study lies in the quantitative analysis of the official biographies of the governors of the era of P.A. Stolypin, which was not previously noted in historiography. A quantitative analysis of the official biographies of clerks involved in the governor’s corps under P.A. Stolypin in 1906–1911 is conducted. The list of educational institutions that the future governors graduated from is examined. Governors’ careers are typified in relation to previous service experience in terms of the nature of the activities in the positions held and geographic dynamics. The main stages of the promotion in rank, the age of appointment to the post of governor and the number of years of service in this capacity are analized. The data of the quantitative study are compared with the official biographies of governors I.F. Koshko, D.N. Lyubimov and N.P. Muratov in order to determine the degree of typicality for the governors of the studied period. The relevance of the research topic is associated with the need for a clearer understanding of the models of career dynamics of bureaucracy in the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century. It is concluded that the official biographies of I.F. Koshko, D.N. Lyubimov and N.P. Muratov correspond to the most common types of careers in the governor’s corps of this period.
Food appropriation in the Tambov Governorate in 1920 on the example of Borisogbesk County: comrade A.I. Penkov’s case
Authors: Oblitsov Maxim A. , Zhitin Ruslan M.
Published: April 2022

The topic of the food policy of the authorities during the Civil War in Russia, in the context of the continuous attraction by researchers of new documents and memoirs, continues to remain relevant today. The Antonov’s uprising in the Tambov Governorate, as part of the Civil War, also does not cease to be a controversial topic among researchers. Already 100 years have passed since these events, but among historians there is still no consensus on a number of issues, one of which is the causes of peasant unrest in the governorates of Central Russia. The importance of this study is due to the involvement of new information on Bolshevik’s food policy, the relationship between the authorities and the population and within the Soviet employees of the Tambov Governorate themselves. In the early 1920, the food issue remained the main one in the policy of the Bolsheviks. Abuse by food detachments in the southern districts and drought in the Tambov Governorate in 1920 contributed significantly to conflicts between the peasantry and the central government. We focus on the Borisoglebsk food agent A.I. Penkov’s story, who witnessed the abuses of the local district authorities in relation to the peasants and was even able to send a telegram to the capital addressed to V.I. Lenin. We also describe in detail the conflict between A.I. Penkov and the district authorities, as well as the subsequent arrest of A.I. Penkov due to the wide publicity of the activities of local food detachments. We reveal that the food issue and conflicts between local food detachments, district party members and the rural population in the southern districts of the governorate are quite acute. Events of this kind cannot be ignored as one of the possible reasons for the peasant uprising of 1920–1921.
On the problem of anti-religious education of the youth in the Tambov region in 1937–1941
Authors: Yakimov Kuzma A.
Published: April 2022

The features of the perception of anti-religious propaganda and religious values by the youth of the Tambov Region are studied. The relevance of the chosen topic for domestic science lies in the fact that, despite a deep study of the content of anti-religious propaganda in the late 1930s, there are no generalizing works devoted to the peculiarities of the perception of religion by young people. The purpose of this research lies in the need for a comprehensive study of the role of the religious factor in the life of the younger generation. In the process of research, analytical, deductive and historical-comparative methods are used. The role of Komsomol organizations and periodicals in the dissemination of a politicized interpretation of scientific atheism, which offered the most radical measures to combat religion in the conditions of tightening political control and preparations for elections to the Supreme Council, is shown. Based on the analysis of historical sources, a conclusion is made about the inconsistency of the results of anti-religious work with the younger generation. On the one hand, it was the youth, directing their paternalistic impulses towards Soviet power, who acted in the vanguard of the anti-religious movement aimed at eradicating traditional Christian rituals and institutions from everyday life. At the same time, among many young men and women, mostly in rural areas, there were many who, for various reasons, showed passivity in anti-religious work, continuing to secretly take part in the Church Sacraments. Among the young people there were also those who were not afraid to be ranked among the “enemies of the people”, openly resisting anti-religious attitudes.
Stability of a three-layer symmetric differential-difference scheme in the class of functions summable on a network-like domain
Authors: Provotorov Vyacheslav V. , Hoang Van N.
Published: April 2022

In the paper, the stability conditions of a three-layer symmetric differential-difference scheme with a weight parameter in the class of functions summable on a network-like domain are obtained. To analyze the stability of the differential-difference system in the space of feasible solutions H, a composite norm is introduced that has the structure of a norm in the space H^2=H⊕H. Namely, for Y={Y_1,Y_2}∈H^2, Y_l∈H (l=1,2), 〖∥Y∥〗_H^2 = 〖∥Y_1∥〗_(1,H)^2+〖∥Y_2∥〗_(2,H)^2, where 〖∥•∥〗_(1,H)^2 〖∥•∥〗_(2,H)^2 are some norms in H. The use of such a norm in the description of the energy identity opens the way for constructing a priori estimates for weak solutions of the differential-difference system, convenient for practical testing in the case of specific differentialdifference schemes. The results obtained can be used to analyze optimization problems that arise when modeling network-like transfer processes with the help of formalisms of differentialdifference systems.
Cryptogenic stroke in atrial fibrillation without intra-heart thrombi: possible mechanisms
Authors: Germanova O. A. , Germanov A. V. , Galati G. , Prokhorenko I. O. , Germanov V. A.
Published: April 2022

Background. Up to 45% of ischemic strokes are cryprogenic.

Aim is to study which variant of permanent AF without intra-heart thrombi is the most unfavorable in appearing of stroke.

Methods. We observed 202 patients with permanent AF without intra-heart thrombi and hemodynamically not significant carotid bifurcation atherosclerotic stenosis. We performed echocardiography, 24-hours monitoring of electrocardiography (ECG), ultrasound of brachiocephalic arteries, sphygmography of common carotid arteries, computer tomography of the brain, hemostasiograms, lipid profile, hemoglobin A1c. According to the 24-hours ECG monitoring data, we divided patients into two groups up to the maximum pauses between ventricular complexes in AF: patients with a pause <1,5 seconds (113); ≥1,5 seconds (89). Both groups were on the same standard therapy including novel oral anticoagulants. We observed the patients during 1 year to analyze the verified stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Results. In ultrasound, there was an increase of linear blood flow velocity in the area of carotid stenosis during the spread of the pulse wave after the long pause between ventricular contractions in group 2 up to 2,5 m/sec as in hemodynamically significant stenosis. In 1-year observation, there was the higher stroke in group 2.

Conclusion. The appearance of stroke and TIA in AF is higher in patients who have 1,5 seconds and more of maximum duration pauses between ventricular contractions. The reason of cryptogenic stroke can be the atherosclerotic plaque defragmentation with further embolism, caused by additional mechanical impact of increased hemodynamical parameters of pulse wave after long pause between ventricular contractions.
The First Documented Case of Hb South Florida Variant in Portugal
Authors: Braga Martins Marta , Dias Luís , Gomes Vânia , Rodrigues Céu
Published: April 2022

We present a 39-year-old male, previous smoker, with no other known cardiovascular risk factors. He was referred to Internal Medicine for study of thrombophilia, because of repeated deep vein thrombosis. Multiple diagnostic tests were undertaken where HbA1c assay was included. The result was 14.6%. The patient did not have a prior diagnosis of diabetes and denied any symptoms. Fasting blood glucose and blood count did not reveal any changes. A further analysis of hemoglobin subtypes showed the presence of an unclassified variant. The sample was sent to a Portuguese reference center and, through molecular biology, an HBB mutation in heterozygosity was identified, coding for an hemoglobin variant - Hb South Florida (c.4G > A; p.Val2Met), which was for the first time documented in Portugal. We emphasize the importance of considering the presence of hemoglobin variants when HbA1C values are discrepant from the clinical presentation.
HERMENEUTIKA MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR ( KATA NISA’ DALAM QS. ALI IMRAN:14 )
Authors: Fardah Dwi Elok , Sari Maula
Published: April 2022

Abstrak

Tulisan ini menjelaskan mengenai penafsiran QS. Ali Imran:14 prespektif hermeneutika Muhammad Syahrur. Dalam menafsirkan ayat tersebut pandangan Syahrur berbeda dengan penafsiran yang lain. Syahrur menafsirkan kata nisa’ sebagai suatu hal yang baru karena menurutnya nisa’ dalam ayat tersebut jika dimaknai “perempuan dewasa” itu kurang sesuai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan liberary research dan menggunakan hermeneutika Muhammad Syahrur dengan menggunakan metode semantik. Syahrur menafsirkan ayat tersebut berawal dari pemahaman fikih Islam dan Tafsir klasik yang yang mana produk-produk pemikiran tersebut tidak lagi sesuai untuk diterapkan pada konteks kehidupan pada abad 20 ini..
Rimless wheel
Authors: Borovin Gennady Konstantinovich , Lapshin Vladimir Vladimirovich
Published: April 2022

The paper hypothesizes that bipedal walking is a process of self-oscillations in terms of variables. The simplest model of bipedal walking – the movement of a rimless wheel (a wheel with legs) is considered. In a nonlinear formulation, the dynamics of its plane motion down an inclined plane is analyzed analytically. It is shown that various modes of movement of a rimless wheel are possible. The most interesting of which is the existence of a stable periodic solution (self-oscillations).
Effect of Turbine Blades Transformation on Savonius Turbine Performance
Authors: Abdul Alim Muhammad Iyas
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the transformation of savonius turbine blades using the Cp-TSR curve. The transformation referred to here is the change in the angular of the blade so that the area of the cross section of the blade moving downwind changes, by doing so the negative torque of the turbine obtained from the air flow is reduced. The specimen has 3 variations, namely, without transformation or conventional turbine and transformation of 5 and 10 degrees. With the reduction in the cross sectional area of the turbine blades, the authors hypothesize that the turbine performance will increase, but the blade transformation movement causes a shift in the center of mass which gives rise to vibrations that can directly affect turbine performance, and it could be that the negative  effect from these vibrations is much greater than the positive effect from reducing torque. Experiments were carried out using wind tunnels with load variations at 5, 6, and 7 m/s speed variations. The experimental results obtained show that conventional turbines have better performance than turbines with 5o and 10o blade transformations.
COVID-19 Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy Among New York City Parents of Children Aged 5–11 Years
Authors: Teasdale Chloe A. , Ratzan Scott , Rauh Lauren , Lathan Hannah Stuart , Kimball Spencer , El-Mohandes Ayman
Published: April 2022

Objectives. To measure vaccine uptake and intentions among New York City (NYC) parents of children aged 5 to 11 years following emergency use authorization.

Methods. We conducted a survey of 2506 NYC parents of children aged 5 to 11 years. We used survey weights to generate prevalence estimates of vaccine uptake and intentions. Multivariable Poisson regression models generated adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) of vaccine hesitancy, defined as parents who reported being not very likely or not at all likely to vaccinate their children, or unsure about whether to do so.

Results. Overall, 11.9% of NYC parents reported that their child was vaccinated; 51.0% were very or somewhat likely to vaccinate; 8.0% were not sure; 29.1% were not very likely or not at all likely to vaccinate their child. Among vaccine-hesitant parents, 89.9% reported safety concerns and 77.8% had concerns about effectiveness. In multivariable models, more vaccine hesitancy was expressed by non-Hispanic Black parents than by non-Hispanic White parents (APR = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17, 1.72) and by parents who were not themselves vaccinated than by parents who were vaccinated (APR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.32, 1.77).

Conclusions. In a survey conducted after authorization of COVID-19 vaccines for children aged 5 to 11 years, significant hesitancy among parents was observed. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(6):931–936. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306784 )
Exploring pre-service teachers of English for young learners experience: Innovations during their teaching practicum
Authors: Setyaningrum Rina Wahyu , Purwati Oikurema , Sabgini Kharisma Naidi Warnanda
Published: April 2022

Innovation which means change or novelty in education is also closely related to Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL) provide opportunities for learners to gain experience using English contextually. This is the implication of the new paradigm of English as an International Language (EIL)in which learning English is no longer aimed at forming learners to speak as the native speakers. The main focus EIL is wider access to the complexity of English and the experience of using that language to interact. Therefore, innovations in TEYL is needed to answer the challenges of changing the status of English in Primary Schools (SD) from subject to extra-curricular. Those who must be experienced in planning, implementing, and assessing English learning are pre-service EYL teachers (PSTs). Referring to lesson plans developed by PSTs, observation and interviews, the innovations in thematic lessons for TEYL were investigated. The findings showed that all lesson plans have been integrating innovations, including character building in accordance with the 2013 curriculum and intercultural competency that are important for language learning. To interact in the classroom, first language (L1) was used with colloquial variation, code-mixing and code-switching as well as translation. In conclusion, the innovative lessons for TEYL has been practiced by prospective primary school English teachers for preparing themselves to teach at the real school setting after their graduation. It is suggested that further research will be carried out at primary schools participated by in-service teachers and focused on each innovation in order to find TEYL innovative models.
Potential application of the hematology analyzer XN-31 prototype for field malaria surveillance in Kenya
Authors: Kagaya Wataru , Takehara Ikki , Kurihara Kyoko , Okomo Gordon , James Kongere , Gitaka Jesse , Kaneko Akira
Published: April 2022

Early and accurate diagnosis is a key component in malaria control programs. Microscopy is the current gold standard, however it requires extensive training and the results largely rely on the skill of the microscopists. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) can be performed with minimal training and offer timely diagnosis, but results are not quantitative. Moreover, some Plasmodium falciparum parasites have evolved to evade detection by RDT. Developed by the Sysmex Corporation, the XN-31 prototype (XN-31p) is an automated hematology analyzer capable of detecting Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes and providing species differentiation and stage specific parasite counts in venous blood samples in a minute without any sample preparation. Here we tested the performance of the XN-31p with capillary blood samples and evaluated the effect of sample storage time and temperature on the stability of results. Paired capillary and venous blood samples were collected from 169 outpatients with clinical malaria symptoms in Homa Bay County Referral Hospital, Kenya. Malaria infections were diagnosed with the XN-31p, microscopy, RDT, and PCR. Capillary blood samples were remeasured on the XN-31p after 24 hours of storage at either room (15 to 25°C) or chilled temperatures (2 to 8°C). Identical results in malaria diagnosis were observed between venous and capillary blood samples processed with the XN-31p. The sensitivity and specificity of XN-31p with capillary blood sample relative to PCR were 0.857 and 1.000 and those relative to microscopy and RDT were 1.000 and 0.986 to 1.000, respectively. Parasitemia and complete blood count (CBC) results were stable in capillary blood samples after 24 hours at room or chilled temperatures. These results showed that the XN-31p can be a useful tool to complement existing methods for routine malaria diagnosis in remote settings.
Comparison of ARIMA model and LSTM model in predicting disease burden of occupational pneumoconiosis in Tianjin, China
Authors: Lou HeRen , Wang Xin , Gao Ya , Zeng Qiang
Published: April 2022

Background
To evaluate the epidemic trend of the disease burden of occupational pneumoconiosis in Tianjin and explore appropriate mathematical models to predict the disease burden of pneumoconiosis.
Methods
Disability adjusted life year (DALY) was used to evaluate the disease burden of occupational pneumoconiosis in Tianjin from 1990 to 2019. ARIMA model and LSTM model were used to fit and predict the DALY of pneumoconiosis. Five performance evaluation indexes including Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) were selected to compare the prediction effects of the two models.
Restults:
DALY caused by pneumoconiosis in Tianjin showed a fluctuating upward trend from 1990 to 2019, with three peaks in 1995, 2005 and 2015. ARIMA (0, 2, 1) model was determined as the best fitting ARIMA model. The LSTM model with 6 neurons and Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) was selected as the best fitting LSTM models. The MSE, RMSE, MAE and MAPE values of LSTM model were lower than those of ARIMA model, indicating that LSTM model had a good prediction effect on pneumoconiosis DALY. The LSTM model was used to predict that the DALY of pneumoconiosis in Tianjin showed a downward trend from 2020 to 2023, which was 2873.82, 2550.19, 2291.02 and 2069.68 person-years, respectively.
Conclusion
LSTM model has good performance in predicting the disease burden of pneumoconiosis and has great application prospect in the field of occupational diseases.
Unmet supportive care needs of caregivers according to medical settings of cancer patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Christophe Véronique , ANOTA Amélie , VANLEMMENS Laurence , CORTOT Alexis , CEBAN Tatiana , PIESSEN Guillaume , CHARTON Emilie , BAUDRY Anne-Sophie
Published: April 2022

Purpose. The objectives of this study were to compare the unmet supportive care needs (SCN) of caregivers and describe the 10 most frequent of them according to various cancer settings: phase of cancer care pathway (i.e. treatment vs. follow-up), cancer site (i.e. breast, digestive or lung cancer) and cancer status (i.e. metastatic vs. non-metastatic).Methods. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire to assess their unmet SCN (SCNS-P&C). According to their cancer settings, non-parametric ANOVA or Mann-Whitney tests were performed to compare the SCNS-P&C scores. The prevalence of caregivers with unmet SCN was described using percentages.Results. Among 583 participants, 523 caregivers (89.71%) completed the questionnaire. Most patients had digestive (47.80%), non-metastatic cancer (67.88%) and were recruited during the follow-up phase (56.21%). The results revealed no significant difference in SCNS-P&C scores according to cancer settings except for caregivers of patients with metastatic cancer, who reported more unmet SCN related to health care service and information needs. The more qualitative item per item analysis seems to indicate the existence of five frequently unsatisfied SCN across situations, especially concerns about the recurrence and reduction of stress in patients, with variable ranking among the most unmet SCN.Conclusion. Although there was no significant difference in unmet SCN scores between medical settings, examining the prevalence of unmet SCN helps identify the issues to focus on when supporting caregivers and developing dedicated consultations or interventions for them.
Breast Cancer Survivors’ Motivations to Participate in an Integrative Program a Qualitative Study
Authors: Sebri Valeria , Durosini Ilaria , Mazzoni Davide , Pravettoni Gabriella
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Participant motivations to take part in a project may evolve during the intervention thanks to lifestyle changes and positive challenges. Integrated programs for breast cancer survivors aim to support their quality of life and positive wellbeing. Personal expectations, needs, and engagement are essential to predict participant adherence to the intervention as well as their possibility to reach positive final outcomes. This study presents a preliminary understanding of the differences between motives and outcomes obtained after an integrated program of both physical and psychological programs to promote well-being in breast cancer survivors. Methods: 45 women answered some questions before and after the integrated program and results were analyzed in accordance with the procedure of the content analysis. Results: Physical and psychological well-being are the two main themes emerged by participants. Interestingly, some differences emerged between the two data collections. Themes such as aesthetic evaluation interest and the need of learning psychological strategies disappeared at the end of the intervention; otherwise, the need to make a distance from the illness experiences emerged as an obtained outcome. Conclusion: The discussion explains these differences and highlights the importance of considering breast cancer needs and motives to take part in interventions to promote quality of life.
Non-Hermitian Control between Absorption and Transparency in Reflectionless Magnonics
Authors: Qian Jie , Rao J.W. , Rao Zejin , An Zhenghua , Gui Yongsheng , Hu Can-Ming
Published: April 2022

Photon propagation with controllable absorption/transmission and meanwhile vanishing reflection is highly desired for many practical applications. Recent works in metamaterials and transformation optics have demonstrated promising progresses including coherent perfect absorption/transparency (PA/PT), electromagnetically induced transparency, cloaking or invisibility etc. However, most of these reported works eluded the non-Hermicity nature of the open systems. Meanwhile, reported works in non-Hermitian physics field focused mainly on the eigenstate properties and less attention has been paid to the reflection condition despite that perfect zero-reflection (PZR) is a prerequisite condition to realize actual applications like PA/PT. Here we demonstrate that the coupled system of two subwavelength-sized magnon resonators on a same microwave transmission line exhibits remarkable non-Hermitian properties such as level repulsion (LR) and level attraction (LA) interactions and meanwhile allows the reflection to be tuned to perfect zero. The observed PZR condition is found to exhibit an infinitely narrow bandwidth and meanwhile an infinite discontinuity in the group delay. This singularity in reflection distinguishes from the eigenstates of magnonic polaritons but can be adjusted on or off resonance with the eigenstates. Accordingly, the absorption and transmission can be flexibly tuned from nearly PA to nearly PT regimes. Our work not only enriches non-Hermitian physics in magnon-photon coupled systems but also brings important implications to practical applications such as microwave circuits, photonic chips and quantum information.
Clinical characteristics of immunoglobulin A vasculitis associated with the Mediterranean fever gene mutation in Japanese patients: a case-based literature review
Authors: Yokoyama Tadafumi , Inoue Natsumi , Sakumura Naoto , Tasaki Yuko , Matsuda Yusuke , Toma Tomoko , Wada Taizo
Published: April 2022

Background. Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is the most common vasculitis of childhood. However, its etiology remains unknown. In the Mediterranean region, 10% of patients with IgAV harbor homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations in the Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene. Thus, such mutations may be involved in the development of IgAV. Objective. We present a Japanese patient with IgAV harboring MEFV gene mutation. Further, a comprehensive literature analysis was performed to validate the clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with IgAV harboring MEFV mutation. Methods. A 5-year-old girl presented with IgAV. She experienced prolonged abdominal pain, which was steroid-resistant. When treatment with colchicine was started, her abdominal pain disappeared immediately. The serum interleukin-18 levels of the patient and other patients with IgAV and FMF were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, all exons of the MEFV gene were analyzed using the direct sequence method. A comprehensive search of Japanese patients with IgAV harboring MEFV gene mutations in PubMed, Ichushi-Web, and Medical Online was conducted. Results. The serum interleukin-18 level of the patient was higher than that of other patients with IgAV and was similar to that of patients with FMF harboring M694I mutation. In addition, the patient presented with E148Q/M694I mutation. In previous studies, only four patients presented with IgAV harboring MEFV gene mutation in Japan. Conclusion. MEFV gene mutations can be masked if the symptoms of IgAV are prolonged or if patients are refractory to treatment. Moreover, the prevalence of IgAV associated with MEFV gene mutation is low in Japan.
CAR+ and CAR- T cells differentiate into an NK-like subset that is associated with increased inflammatory cytokines following infusion
Authors: Louie Raymond , Cai Curtis , Singh Mandeep , Deveson Ira , Ferguson James , Amos Timothy , McGuire Helen , Samir Jerome , Gowrishankar Kavitha , Adikari Thiruni , Balderas Robert , Bishop David , Gottlieb David , Blyth Emily , Micklethwaite Kenneth , Luciani Fabio
Published: April 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have demonstrable efficacy in treating B-cell malignancies. Factors such as product composition, lymphodepletion and immune reconstitution are known to influence functional persistence of CAR+ T cells. However, little is known about the determinants of differentiation and phenotypic plasticity of CAR+ T and immune cells early post-infusion. We report single cell multi-omics analysis of molecular, clonal, and phenotypic profiles of CAR+ T and other immune cells circulating in patients receiving donor-derived products. We used these data to reconstruct a differentiation trajectory, which explained the observed phenotypic plasticity and identified cell fate of CAR+ and CAR- T cells. Following lympho-depletion, endogenous CAR- CD8+ and 𝛾ẟ T cells, clonally expand, and differentiate across heterogenous phenotypes, from a dominant resting or proliferating state into precursor of exhausted T cells, and notably into a terminal NK-like phenotype. In parallel, following infusion, CAR+ T cells undergo a similar differentiation trajectory, showing increased proliferation, metabolic activity and exhaustion when compared to circulating CAR- T cells. The subset of NK-like CAR+ T cells was associated with increasing levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines, including innate-like IL-12 and IL-18. These results demonstrate that differentiation and phenotype of CAR+ T cells are determined by non-CAR induced signals that are shared with endogenous T cells, and condition the patients’ immune-recovery.
Short-term optimal coordinated operation of a wind-solar-hydro hybrid system based on deep learning and double-layer nesting solution algorithm
Authors: Fugang LI , CHEN Shijun , Xinshuo Zhang , Weibin Huang , Guangwen MA
Published: April 2022

Due to its randomness, intermittence, and volatility, the high-proportional integration of wind and solar power presents considerable challenges for the traditional approaches to the safe and stable operation of power systems. Cascade hydropower stations have a high response speed, high adjustability, and stable output. They can be the optimum candidates for the regulation and compensation of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power generation instability. This study proposed a wind-solar-hydro hybrid system, and investigated its short-term optimal coordinated operation on the basis of deep learning and a double-layer nesting algorithm. A stochastic complementary scheduling model was constructed to maximize the cascade energy storage. To reduce the problem-solving complexity, particle swarm optimization algorithm-dynamic programming (PSO-DP) coupled with the inner and outer nesting optimization algorithm was proposed. The hybrid system was applied to a national comprehensive development base of renewable energy with integrated wind, solar, and hydro power in China. Studies have shown the following: The wind-solar-hydro hybrid system has a certain degree of scalability. The utilisation of deep learning methods can fully consider the uncertainty of wind and solar and fit output scenarios well, the correlation coefficient is above 0.9. The internal and external nested optimisation algorithm, which realises the reasonable and efficient distribution of water and electricity among cascade hydropower stations and improves the future power generation capacity of cascade hydropower stations, was used to solve the problem. This study provided an approach to optimise the operation plan of grid dispatching, including large-scale wind power and PV power, and a valuable reference for the large-scale utilisation of other renewable energy sources worldwide.
The risk of passenger behaviors that influence accident type and severity in metro operation: case-based Monte Carlo analysis
Authors: Lu Ying , Yu Yifan , Jiang Xuepeng , Wang Yong
Published: April 2022

This study aims to examine the risk of each category of behavior related to different accident types and consequences by introducing the Monte Carlo algorithm. Totally about 234 cases were collected to construct a structured dataset, and 12 categories of passengers’ unsafe behaviors related to the four types of metro operation accidents including escalator injury, crowd stampede, pinched by a shielding barrier and fall injury were considered for this analysis. Results showed that although the total behavioral risk of each accident type obeys normal distribution with means between (4, 6] in the Moderate risk level, the variances of pinched by a shielding barrier (1.29) and crowded stampede (1.08) are much higher than escalator injury (0.60) and fall injury (0.59). The top four contributors that resulted in the accident behavioral risks were irregular behavior on the escalator, go on boarding even after the door-close alarm sounded, push each other, and pay no attention to the ground. It was concluded that due to the uncertainty of the behavior occurrence and its consequences, there are differences of the probabilities in different risk levels of the four accidents caused by the various passengers’ unsafe behaviors. Based on the results, risk mitigation measures for different accident types are recommended. This paper provides a quantitative method to compare and analyze the effect of passengers’ unsafe behaviors related to different accident types and severities, which has relative comparative significance and improves the accuracy of judging the probability distribution of risk degree that can provide basis for risk mitigation in metro operation.
A Solution for the Rational Dispatching of Concrete Transport Vehicles
Authors: GUO Zhi-guang , LIU You-fu , AO Chang-jiang
Published: April 2022

The amount of concrete needed in the construction of projects is enormous. The concrete dispatching in construction is, however, chaotic and causes grievous waste due to the tight construction schedule, heavy tasks, and improper transport vehicle dispatching by the constructor. This paper proposes a more realistic fitness function in the vehicle dispatching algorithm and offers a solution to the rational dispatching of concrete transport vehicles. The analysis of the calculation example validates the feasibility of the built model, which provides more appropriate dispatching and more balanced distribution, meets the needs of the worksite and mixing station to the greatest extent and improves the level of project refinement and process management. Therefore, the model is worth promoting in future practice.
Predictive significance of circulating tumor DNA against patients with T790M- positive EGFR-mutant NSCLC receiving osimertinib
Authors: Yamaguchi Ou , Kasahara Norimitsu , Soda Hiroshi , Imai Hisao , Naruse Ichiro , Yamaguchi Hiroyuki , Itai Miki , Taguchi Kohei , Uchida Megumi , Sunaga Noriaki , Maeno Toshiaki , Minato Koichi , Tomono Hiromi , Ogawara Daiki , Mukae Hiroshi , Miura Yu , Shiono Ayako , Mouri Atsuto , Kagamu Hiroshi , Kaira Kyoichi
Published: April 2022

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) provides molecular information on tumor heterogeneity. Data regarding the predictive significance of ctDNA after first-line epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are limited. Thus, this study analyzed ctDNA during osimertinib administration as a second-line or greater setting to examine the association between EGFR mutation levels and clinical outcomes in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: Forty patients with EGFR T790M-positive NSCLC receiving osimertinib after prior EGFR-TKI treatment were enrolled. Plasma samples were obtained at osimertinib pretreatment, after 1 month of treatment, and at the time of progressive disease (PD). ctDNA analysis was performed using digital polymerase chain reaction.Results: The detection rate of copy numbers of exon 19 deletion, L858R, and T790M in plasma samples was significantly lower 1 month after osimertinib treatment than at pretreatment and significantly higher at PD than at 1 month, whereas that of C797S was significantly higher at PD than at 1 month. There was no statistically significant difference in the copy numbers of exon 19 deletion, L858R, T790M, and C797S between complete response or partial response and stable disease or PD.T790M detection at PD after osimertinib initiation was a significant independent prognostic factor for predicting worse prognosis, and the presence of major EGFR mutations at pretreatment and PD was closely associated with shorter survival after osimertinib initiation.Conclusion: Molecular testing based on ctDNA is useful for predicting outcomes of osimertinib treatment in T790M-positive NSCLC after previous EGFR-TKI treatment.
Quantum coherence of a circularly accelerated atom in a spacetime with a reflecting boundary
Authors: Zhang Wanhe , Liu Xiaobao , Yang Tingli , Zhu Kun
Published: April 2022

We investigate, in the paradigm of open quantum systems, the dynamics of quantum coherence of a circularly accelerated atom coupled to a bath of vacuum fluctuating massless scalar field in a spacetime with a reflecting boundary. The master equation that governs the system evolution is derived. It is found that the quantum coherence diminishes to zero with increasing centripetal acceleration and evolution time in the case without a boundary. However, the presence of a boundary will modify the quantum fluctuations of the scalar field, which results in the enhancement of quantum coherence near the boundary compared with that for the unbounded case. Particularly, when the atom is very close to the boundary, although the atom still interacts with the environment, it behaves as if it were a closed system as a consequence of the presence of the boundary, and the quantum coherence can be shielded from the effect of the vacuum fluctuating scalar field.PACS numbers: 03.65.Yz, 03.67.Mn, 03.65.Ta
Relationship between the Glucose to Lymphocyte Ratio and 30-day mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients: An analysis from the MIMIC-IV Database
Authors: Luo Li , Qin Zuoan , Duan Xiangjie , Zhou Quan , Ge Liangqing
Published: April 2022

Aim：To investigate the association between the glucose to lymphocyte ratio (GLR) and 30-day mortality in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Methods：A retrospective cohort analysis. Two thousand nine hundred and eleven AMI patients were enrolled using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database. The patients were divided into four groups according to their GLR quantiles. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression models were used to examine the association between GLR and 30-day mortality. The non-linear relationship between GLR and 30-day mortality was confirmed using a Cox proportional risk regression model fitted by cubic spline function and smooth curve fitting. Results：Of the 2,911 participants, 426 (14.63%) died. The generalized additive model (GAM) showed that the relationship between admission GLR levels and 30-day mortality among AMI patients was non-linear (hazard ratio [HR] 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.02, p = 0.0134). In addition,adjusted multivariable Cox regression analysis confirmed that the admission GLR levels of 3.60-6.06 was independently associated with decreased mortality compared to GLR levels of 0.60–3.59 (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.02–2.18, p = 0.0409), GLR levels of 6.07–11.03 (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.07–2.26, p = 0.0203), and GLR levels of 11.04-97.55 (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.17–2.42, p = 0.0047). A two-piecewise regression model was used to obtain a threshold inflection point value of 4.66. The HR and the 95% CI on the left inflection point were 1.33 and 1.07–1.65, respectively, (p = 0.0116); on the right inflection point, they were 1.01 and 1.01–1.02, respectively, (p = 0.2630). Conclusions：The relationship between the GLR and 30-day mortality was nonlinear in AMI patients. The GLR was positively related with 30-day mortality when the GLR was less than 4.66.
A first-principles model of curling stone dynamics
Authors: Denny Mark
Published: April 2022

An asymmetric force arising from grit and ice debris migration gives rise to a model of curling stone trajectories that is compatible with observations. There are (almost) no free parameters in this model.
Evaluation of the Experience With the Use of Telemedicine in a Home Dialysis Program - a Qualitative and Quantitative Study
Authors: Monteiro Alexandra , Luciana Motta , Scofano Raquel
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Assisted home hemodialysis is a therapeutic modality for patients diagnosed with End-Stage Renal Disease who require dialysis replacement therapy and have concomitant health limitations that prevent them from attending a satellite dialysis unit or performing their own treatment.Objective: The main objective of this study was evaluated whether telemedicine, through telemonitoring, can improve the ongoing relationship between the doctor, the nurse and the patient.Method: This prospective longitudinal, qualitative and quantitative study analyzes the impact of telemedicine through an evaluation of the experiences of patients and nurses. During the study, we performed remote monitoring weekly 6 months.Results: A total of 17 patients and 12 nurses were included. We observed that the patients and nurses had positive experiences with telemonitoring and highlighted feelings of being care and improved confidence, although they indicated that telemonitoring does not replace face-to-face visits.Conclusion: Telemonitoring is a useful tool to increase satisfaction with and confidence in home hemodialysis.
Acceptance of COVID 19 vaccine among sub-Sahara African (SSA): a comparative study of residents and diaspora dwellers
Authors: Miner Chundung Asabe , Timothy Chikasirimobi G , Mashige Khathutshelo Percy , Osuagwu Uchechukwu Levi , Envuladu Esther Awazzi , Amiebenomo Onyekachukwu Mary-Anne , Charwe Deborah Donald , Goson Piwuna Christopher , Ekpenyong Bernadine N , Abu Emmanuel Kwasi , Langsi Raymond , Oloruntoba Richard , Ishaya Tanko , Ovenseri-Ogbomo Godwin , Agho Kingsley E
Published: April 2022

Background: The COVID-19 vaccines are being rolled out across all the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries, with countries setting targets for achieving full vaccination rates. The aim of this study was to compare the uptake of, resistance and hesitancy to the COVID-19 vaccine between SSA locally residents and in the diaspora. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted using a web and paper-based questionnaire to obtain relevant information on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. The survey items included questions on demography, uptake and planned acceptance or non-acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines among SSAs. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine probabilities of outcomes for factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination resistance and hesitancy among SSA respondents residing within and outside Africa. Results: Uptake of COVID-19 vaccines varied among the local (14.2%) and diaspora (25.3%) residents. There was more resistance to COVID-19 vaccine among locals (68.1%) and across the sociodemographic variables of sex [adjusted Relative Risk (ARR) =0.73, 95% CI; 0.58 – 0.93], primary/less [ARR =0.22, 95% CI; 0.12 – 0.40] and bachelor’s degree [ARR =0.58, 95% CI; 0.43 – 0.77] educational levels, occupation [ARR =0.32, 95% CI; 0.25 - 0.40] and working status [ARR =1.40, 95%CI; 1.06 - 1.84]. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was almost similar between locals and diasporas (17.7% and 17.8% respectively) significant only among healthcare workers [ARR =0.46, 95% CI; 0.16 – 1.35] in the diaspora after adjusting for the variables. Similarly, knowledge and perception of COVID-19 vaccine among locals were substantial, but only perception was remarkable to resistance [ARR =0.86, 95% CI; 0.82 – 0.90] and hesitancy [ARR =0.85, 95% CI; 0.80 – 0.90] of the vaccine. Conclusions: Differences exist in the factors that influence COVID-19 vaccine acceptance between local SSA residents and those in the diaspora. Knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines affects the uptake, resistance, and hesitancy to the COVID-19 vaccine. Information campaigns focusing on the efficacy and safety of vaccines could lead to improved acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines.