bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Model for Effective Delivery of Online Instruction
Authors: Romeo Lynn , Brennan Mary , Peters Terri Rothman , Mitchell Donna
Published: October 2012

Current students who have become digital natives are used to engaging in the use of multiple types of technology and social media. It is extremely important that university faculty in teacher education who teach online courses use research-based practices that increase the achievement of their teacher candidates and model instruction that can be used to engage K-12 students. This chapter discusses an online evaluation tool that was developed to assess students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the online courses and how the results were used to construct a model for best practices in online instruction that engages learners in an asynchronous environment.
Theory of Nuclear Concepts
Authors: García Luis M. Casas , Lopes Vítor J. Godinho , González Ricardo Luengo , Catarreira Sofia M. Veríssimo , Carvalho José L. Torres
Published: October 2012

The Theory of Nuclear Concepts (TNC) is based on prior theories and ideas coming from Ausubel and Novak among others, who argue that concepts are organized hierarchically around general concepts. But the TNC differs from them in holding that the students’ cognitive structure is organized around specific concepts that are not the most general, but only the most significant for the students. TNC also argues that, as a result of the learning progresses, the students’ cognitive structure is transformed into a simpler structure. The associated technique to represent the cognitive structures is “Pathfinder Associative Networks” and to obtain them, it was developed GOLUCA software, which serves as a support on the analysis and representation of cognitive networks. The TNC has been used to understand and evaluate the cognitive structures of students and teachers in real situations.
The Collaborative Gap
Authors: McPeek K. Thomas , Morthland Laura M.
Published: October 2012

In the United States, many university based architecture schools feature shared learning experiences for beginning students in related applied design disciplines. These shared learning years are sometimes referred to as core studies or foundations studies, and incorporate a structure of communal course work that exposes students to basic design principals and elements. Although many of these disciplines are interdependent and interwoven in the professional realm, they become largely isolated from one another after the initial year(s) of foundational study. This chapter outlines a teaching experiment which addressed the phenomenon of disciplinary isolation by linking graduate level architecture students with undergraduate seniors studying interior design in a joint studio project. The experiment is presented as a case study and provides a basic outline of the course process along with a discussion of the critical successes and failures associated with the experience from the perspective of: the learner, the instructor, and the institution. The chapter highlights the importance of a student-centric learning approach in the design of collaborative course work and offers a candid assessment of the difficulties associated with collaborative teaching, such as: time intensive instructor coordination, shifts in methodology and pedagogy, and rigid institutional structures.
Google’s Applications for Undergraduate University Courses
Authors: Ktoridou Despo , Eteokleous Nikleia , Dionysiou Ioanna
Published: October 2012

Following technology’s evolution and society’s needs and demands, the current study examines the integration of cloud computing with higher education. The study uses cloud computing, and specifically Google applications, to enable students and faculty to communicate and collaborate, aiming at the same time to develop a student-centered learning (SCL) environment, where students have an active role and take responsibility of their own learning. A case study approach was employed in three undergraduate courses using qualitative data through online activity observations as well as focus groups with the students and lecturer. To achieve the above, outcome and process evaluation were conducted. The primary conclusion is that Google applications facilitated the development of a SCL environment. Specifically, the SCL cloud environment enhanced students’ motivation and responsibility towards learning, built student-teacher relationships, promoted active learning, and finally, achieved the development of critical thinking and problem solving skills.
Tutoring
Authors: Remy Philippe
Published: October 2012

At all education levels “remediation” is more and more integrated into the learning process. Tutoring is one of the multiple possibilities in this huge collection offered, but with essential characteristics. Indeed, the participants having been observed - “tutor and tutoree” – expressing a high satisfaction about their accomplishment in different disciplines. This chapter questions tutoring among future teachers to know how it could change working methods and how some good practice could later be implemented into the group class. A study of different mechanisms inferred into the tutoring relations allows for developing a few remarks about affective, cognitive, and reflexive impacts. As private companies also present services in the shadow of the official educational system, can these be considered as different? Regarding the parallel tracks of the official/private educational system, some recommendations illustrate the tutoring original pedagogical relation with specific understanding.
In Links We Trust
Authors: Costa Sara
Published: October 2012

The problem of processing texts containing a number of unknown words is relatively common in foreign language learning, especially for students on level A1-A2-B1 (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages). The disorientation raised by such texts usually turns into frustration and demotivation, as most students experience a nearly total block in the comprehension process and soon give up reading the text, while only a few of them have recourse to proper comprehension strategies. This chapter describes an experimental reading activity carried out in a class of Italian students during a German lesson in order to enhance a motivating net-like reading attitude in L2 based on a constructivist-connectionist approach to language processing. The activity was meant to make students realise in practice that they have a wide range of interconnected comprehension strategies at their own disposal, which can be effectively activated to overcome when occurring comprehension blocks.
Relating Enterprise, Application, and Infrastructure Architects
Authors: Woods Eoin , Rozanski Nick
Published: October 2012

The architect takes a high-profile role in many IT departments today. In fact, it can be quite difficult in some organizations to find a senior member of IT technical staff whose job title does not include the word “architect.” However there is little consensus in the academic community or amongst practitioners as to the responsibilities of the many different types of architect we encounter – or indeed, what they should even be called. In this chapter, the authors propose a simple, widely applicable taxonomy of architects, namely enterprise architects, application architects, and infrastructure architects. The authors define distinguishing characteristics, their responsibilities, the stakeholders with whom they engage, and the tools and techniques they use. The chapter shows how this taxonomy can be applied to most, if not all, practicing architects in the information systems domain, and explains how it helps us understand how such architects work together to help deliver the organization’s business goals.
Evolutionary Architecting of Embedded and Enterprise Software and Systems
Authors: Axelsson Jakob
Published: October 2012

Many industries rely heavily on embedded software and systems to maximize business value in their products. These systems are very complex, and the architecture is important to control the complexity and make development efficient. There are often also connections between the embedded system and the different lifecycle processes, and hence, to the enterprise systems supporting those processes. It is rare to start from scratch when developing new products, and instead, these companies evolve their products over time, which means that architecting needs to be evolutionary. This chapter describes what such an evolutionary architecting process can look like based on observations from industry, and how the process can be continuously improved using a maturity model. It is also presented how the embedded system relates to different elements of the enterprise architecture.
Mitigating Mobile Diversity with RESTful Services
Authors: Wehrmaker Tristan , Schneider Kurt
Published: October 2012

Mobile devices create new opportunities for companies. However, innovative applications can cause challenges for software and system architecture. In this chapter, the authors describe a trap to fall into when starting a promising mobile application in a shortsighted way. When the application gets popular and successful, diversity of mobile platforms increases. Many users have an almost emotional relationship to their own smartphone or platform and may not be willing to change it. In order to make the mobile application available to more users, a company may be tempted to add a “simple” extension to accommodate other platforms. Thus, the diversity in devices leads to diversity in distributed object technologies and with it to problems in complexity and compatibility. The authors describe an approach that counters this problem with RESTful services. They use the ConTexter system for illustrating experiences with the problem and for evaluating a proposed solution. The chapter shows the key issues the authors had to solve while migrating ConTexter to a RESTful platform.
Automated Ranking of Relaxing Query Results Based on XML Structure and Content Preferences
Authors: Yan Wei , Yan Li , Ma Z. M.
Published: October 2012

This paper proposes a contextual preference query method of XML structural relaxation and content scoring to resolve the problem of empty or too many answers returned by XML. This paper proposes a XML contextual preference (XCP) model, where all the possible relaxing queries are determined by the users’ preferences. The XCP model allows users to express their interests on XML tree nodes, and then users assign interest scores to their interesting nodes for providing the best answers. A preference query results ranking method is proposed based on the XCP model, which includes: a Clusters_Merging algorithm to merge clusters based on the similarity of the context states, a Finding_Orders algorithm to find representative orders of the clusters, and a Top-k ranking algorithm to deal with the many answers problem. Results of preliminary user studies demonstrate that the method can provide users with most relevant and ranked query results. The efficiency and effectiveness of the approach are also demonstrated by experimental results.
Enabling Intelligence in Web-Based Collaborative Knowledge Management System
Authors: Maleewong Krissada , Anutariya Chutiporn , Wuwongse Vilas
Published: October 2012

This paper presents an approach to enhance various intelligent services of a Web-based collaborative knowledge management system. The proposed approach applies the two widely-used argumentation technologies, namely IBIS and Toulmin’s argumentation schemes, to structurally capture the deliberation and collaboration occurred during the consensual knowledge creation process. It employs RDF and OWL as its underlying knowledge representation language with well-defined semantics and reasoning mechanisms. Users can easily create knowledge using a simple corresponding graphical notation with machine-processable semantics. Derivation of implicit knowledge, similar concept discovery, as well as semantic search, are also enabled. In addition, the proposed approach incorporates the term suggestion function for assisting users in the knowledge creation process by computing the relevance score for each relevant term, and presenting the most relevant terms to users for possible term reusing or equivalence concepts mapping. To ensure the knowledge consistency, a logical mechanism for validating conflicting arguments and contradicting concepts is also developed. Founded on the proposed approach, a Web-based system, namely ciSAM, is implemented and available for public usage.
Developing Rich Internet Applications as Social Sites on the Semantic Web
Authors: Hermida Jesús M. , Meliá Santiago , Montoyo Andrés , Gómez Jaime
Published: October 2012

Current Web 2.0 applications, either social sites or Rich Internet Applications, share several problems of interoperability when interconnecting different systems. It is therefore complicated to reuse (or export) the information between sources. In this context, where the value belongs to the data, not the application, the use of Semantic Web technologies opens a way of resolution with mature and standard technologies, thus leading to the Web 3.0. This paper presents the application of Sm4RIA (Semantic Models for RIA), a model-driven design methodology that facilitates the development of semantic RIAs (SRIA), to the design of social network sites. The SRIA approach introduced herein combines the main advantages present in each of the current trends on the Web. In addition to these benefits, the application of a model-driven methodology can speed up the development process and simplify the reuse of external sources of knowledge.
RFID Enabled Vehicular Network for Ubiquitous Travel Query
Authors: Zhang Tianle , Wang Chunlu , Luo ZongWei , Han Shuihua , Dong Mengyuan
Published: October 2012

Fixed infrastructure based wireless network is very expensive to provide total coverage and offer ubiquitous communication capacity. RFID enabled Vehicular Network emerges as an alternative which can leverage mobile nodes to bridge the gap between information isolated islands. The mobility and low duty cycle activity of nodes may destroy the network connectivity. This paper proposes RFID Enabled Vehicular Network for Ubiquitous Travel Query over Mobile Relay Network (MRN) to facilitate the needed information access for drivers on the road. The ubiquitous service is introduced and the performance of the successful information query is evaluated based on the computing model and network simulation. The results of evaluation and the real experiences of this service validate the feasibility of the system.
BMP Signaling in Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Zimmer Julia , Degenkolbe Elisa , Wildemann Britt , Seemann Petra
Published: October 2012

More than 40 years after the discovery of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) as bone inducers, a whole protein family of growth factors connected to a wide variety of functions in embryonic development, homeostasis, and regeneration has been characterized. Today, BMP2 and BMP7 are already used in the clinic to promote vertebral fusions and restoration of non-union fractures. Besides describing present clinical applications, the authors review ongoing trials highlighting the future possibilities of BMPs in medicine. Apparently, the physiological roles of BMPs have expanded their range from bone growth induction and connective tissue regeneration to cancer diagnosis/treatment and cardiovascular disease prevention.
Proliferation and Regeneration
Authors: Lambrou George I. , Adamaki Maria , Zaravinos Apostolos
Published: October 2012

There is an increasing tendency to use stem cells as potential therapeutics in various human diseases. This is a rapidly progressing field, believed to change the face of treatment and healing in the majority of human diseases. However, basic knowledge concerning the biology of stem cells and their use in various treatment protocols is inadequate, and there is still much to be learned. One of the “hot-spots” of stem cell research is their use in cancer treatment and post-treatment reconstruction. This chapter focuses on describing the main progress in the field of regenerative methods as far as cancer treatment is concerned. In addition, it reviews the up-to-date knowledge on the field of post-therapy reconstruction. Finally, the chapter mentions some aspects of proliferation and tries to give insight to the separation between proliferating tumor cells from proliferating stem cells.
Specifying Business-Level Protocols for Web Services Based Collaborative Processes
Authors: Yeung W. L.
Published: October 2012

Business collaboration is increasingly conducted over the Internet. Trading parties require business-level protocols for enabling their collaborative processes and a number of standardised languages, and approaches have been proposed for specifying business-level protocols. To illustrate the specification of web services based collaborative processes, three inter-related specification languages, namely, the ebXML Business Process Specification Schema (BPSS), the Web Service Business Process Execution Language (WSBPEL), and the Web Services Conversations Language (WSCL) are discussed in this chapter. A contract negotiation protocol is used as an example to illustrate the concepts involved in the specification. The chapter also discusses different strategies for deploying these specification languages.
Ad-Hoc Parallel Data Processing on Pay-As-You-Go Clouds with Nephele
Authors: Warneke Daniel
Published: October 2012

In recent years, so-called Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) clouds have become increasingly popular as a flexible and inexpensive platform for ad-hoc parallel data processing. Major players in the cloud computing space like Amazon EC2 have already recognized this trend and started to create special offers which bundle their compute platform with existing software frameworks for these kinds of applications. However, the data processing frameworks which are currently used in these offers have been designed for static, homogeneous cluster systems and do not support the new features which distinguish the cloud platform. This chapter examines the characteristics of IaaS clouds with special regard to massively-parallel data processing. The author highlights use cases which are currently poorly supported by existing parallel data processing frameworks and explains how a tighter integration between the processing framework and the underlying cloud system can help to lower the monetary processing cost for the cloud customer. As a proof of concept, the author presents the parallel data processing framework Nephele, and compares its cost efficiency against the one of the well-known software Hadoop.
New Directions in Social Question Answering
Authors: Blooma Mohan John , Kurian Jayan Chirayath
Published: October 2012

Social Question Answering (SQA) services are emerging as a valuable information resource that is rich not only in the expertise of the user community but also their interactions and insights. The next generation SQA services are challenged in many fronts, including but not limited to: massive, heterogeneous, and streaming collections, diverse and challenging users, and the need to be sensitive to context and ambiguity. However, scholarly inquiries have yet to dovetail into a composite research stream where techniques gleaned from various research domains could be used for harnessing the information richness in SQA services to address these challenges. This chapter first explores the SQA domain by understanding the service and its modules, and then investigating previous studies that were conducted in this domain. This chapter then compares SQA services with traditional question answering systems to identify possible research challenges. Finally, new directions in SQA are proposed.
Attention in Stereo Vision
Authors: Bruce Neil D. B. , Tsotsos John K.
Published: October 2012

The stereo correspondence problem is a topic that has been the subject of considerable research effort. What has not yet been considered is an analogue of stereo correspondence in the domain of attention. In this chapter, the authors bring this problem to light, revealing important implications for computational models of attention, and in particular, how these implications constrain the problem of computational modeling of attention. A model is described which addresses attention in the stereo domain, and it is revealed that a variety of behaviors observed in binocular rivalry experiments are consistent with the model’s behavior. Finally, the authors consider how constraints imposed by stereo vision may suggest analogous constraints in other non-stereo feature domains with significant consequence to computational models of attention.
The Roles of Endstopped and Curvature Tuned Computations in a Hierarchical Representation of 2D Shape
Authors: Rodríguez-Sánchez Antonio J. , Tsotsos John K.
Published: October 2012

Computational models of visual processes are of interest in fields such as cybernetics, robotics, computer vision, and others. This chapter argues for the importance of intermediate representation layers in the visual cortex that have direct impact on the next generation of object recognition strategies in computer vision. Biological inspiration - and even biological realism - is currently of great interest in the computer vision community. The authors propose that endstopping and curvature cells are of great importance for shape selectivity and show how their combination can lead to shape selective neurons, providing an approach that does not require learning between early stages based on Gabor or Difference of Gaussian filters and later stages closer to object representations.
Quality Driven Requirements Engineering for Development of Crisis Management Systems
Authors: Hallberg Niklas , Pilemalm Sofie , Timpka Toomas
Published: October 2012

Terror attacks and natural disasters of the past decades have dramatically made governments, public health authorities, and communities aware of insufficiencies in crisis management practices. Information technology has the potential to advance these practices, but systems that support handling these courses of events still have low success rates. The authors set out to define a requirements engineering method suitable for the development of crisis management systems (CMS). The resulting method was formatively evaluated in a project aimed at defining functions for systems supporting international engagements in crisis situations. Each step in the method was documented by its objective, output, implementation, and the experiences gained from the case study. The most important features of the method are the Voice of the Customer Table for identification of user needs, Use Cases for determination of requirements from the needs, and scenarios and prototypes for validating the requirements with user representatives.
Beyond the Bloody Mess: Hematologic Assessment
Authors: Rauen Carol A.
Published: October 2012

Hematologic assessment is part of the routine assessment of acute and critically ill patients. Nurses must be aware of the reference ranges for complete blood cell counts and common coagulation profiles. A case study is presented of an elderly patient, taking warfarin for atrial fibrillation, who falls and sustains a head laceration. The subsequent assessment, hospital course, and treatments required are outlined.
Foreign mining, law and the privatization of property: a case study from Peru
Authors: Kamphuis Charis
Published: October 2012

This article focuses on the convergence of the corporate power of Yanacocha Mine with the Peruvian State's public power, studied in relation to two interrelated and fundamental sites of power: Indigenous land rights and the regulation of the use of force. The analysis presents two international human rights litigation initiatives: the Negritos Case and the GRUFIDES Case, which illustrate the complex relationship between Peru's colonial history, Yanacocha's current status as one of the most profitable goldmines in the world, serious land rights violations, and the emergence of widespread social protest and the escalating use of private security companies by multinational mining companies. The analysis addresses four legal processes flowing from the private–public convergence: (1) the dispossession of Campesino communal land; (2) the production of Campesino consent; (3) the privatization of coercive force; and (4) the absence of effective legal remedies. The conclusion considers the significance of the case study for those who seek to use the law to engage in practices of resistance to the power configuration represented by the private–public convergence.
Fixing a Faulty Thermostat: A Replication and re-Analysis of "The Public as Thermostat” Employing a Fixed-effects Model
Authors: T. Casey Walter
Published: October 2012

In a 1995 AJPS article, Christopher Wlezien advanced the notion that the public acts in an Eastonian manner as a thermostat for shaping policy preferences. I assert Wleziens use of a GLS-ARMA approach may be a true mis-specification problem. I propose the use of a fixed-effects model. Using both the older version of MICROCRUNCH and the newer version of RATS, I test Wleziens models and his hypotheses. The results in MICROCRUNCH are somewhat different from the original, whilst the results from RATS suggest that the findings of Wlezien are not nearly as significant as assumed.
DOMAIN BUILDING OR RISK TAKING? (In-)equality in Danish School Management
Authors: Hjort Katrin , Abrahamsen Marianne
Published: October 2012

The Nordic Countries are usually seen as the worlds must successful nations when it comes to gender equality, and the Scandinavian population in general appreciates values traditionally labeled feminine as caretaking and the quality of everyday life. However, the inequalities become obvious in school management. Among headmasters in High school in Denmark only 18 % are women despite of the fact that 52 % of the teachers are female. How can we explain that? This article is based on a survey answered by top- and middle level management staff. It rejects all traditional explanations of the relations between gender, values and family obligation but reveals an interesting difference between two strategies for career development: Domain Building and Risk Taking. Both strategies are applied by both men and women. However, one of them seems to be the most effective with regard to achieve a position as a top manager – and one of them is more often preferred by men than by women.
Deep rooted conflicts and Industrial Relations interface in Botswana
Authors: Motshegwa Baakile , Tshukudu Theophilus Tebetso
Published: October 2012

Conflict is inherently part of any industrial relations environment. With the advent of employee – management relations, conflict is bound to be and has always been present. This paper looks at conflict as it occurs in an organisation between employees and management and also government. Botswana has of recent witnessed a series of industrial relations conflict that can be categorised into three areas; union to union conflict; and union – management conflict and union - government conflict. Desktop methodology was used to collect information for this paper and some of the major events that have occurred in the Botswana industrial relations are referred to in this paper.
Politics of Beauty
Authors: Sasaki Ken-ichi ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2012

This article looks at the past, present, and future of the study of aesthetics. The early modern period, during which aesthetics came into being, was a great historical turning point for civilization. So, too, is our own day. Looked at this way, aesthetics should show a different face than the one we are used to. Aesthetics is generally considered to be the philosophy of art, yet, with art regarded as an autonomous cultural field, aesthetics commonly gives the impression of being isolated from philosophy in general. This article explores a completely different aesthetics. When it was coming into existence, aesthetics was charged with the real and urgent philosophical problem of its time: how to construct a new world.
Transversality and the Philosophical Politics of Multiculturalism in the Age of Globalization
Authors: Jung Hwa Yol ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2012

This paper advances the concept of transversality by drawing philosophical insights from Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Calvin O. Schrag, and the Martinicuan francophone Edouard Glissant. By so doing, it attempts to deconstruct the notion of universality in modern Western philosophy. It begins with a critique of the notion of Eurocentric universality which is founded on the fallacious premise that what is particular in the West is made universal, whereas whereas what is particular in the non-West remains particular forever. Eurocentric Universality has no place in the globalization of the multicultural world. It simply ignores the reality of interlacing of multiple life-worlds. The concept of transversality, whose icon is the Maitreyan Middle Way, is proposed to replace universality. It not only reduced ethnocentric particularism but also fosters a hybridity that in fact dissolves the binary opposition between particularism and universalism. In short, transversality is conceived of as a radically new paradigm in philosophical conceptualization or world philosophy.
To What Extent Are Philosophers Tolerant?
Authors: Grondin Jean ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2012

In a world allegedly lacking a moral compass, tolerance has become the major virtue of our time. All profess to be tolerant, but how tolerant are we in reality? As a case in point, how tolerant are philosophers themselves? A short overview of philosophy seems to suggest that they are less tolerant than one might imagine. A few reasons for this are provided : on the one hand, their commitment to issues of truth, logic and argument makes them perhaps intolerant of what they view as blatantly absurd or flawed views; on the other hand, the often very ideological nature of philosophy itself does its part to make philosophers less open to differing or opposite points of view.
The Principle of Toleration
Authors: Apressyan Ruben ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2012

As a moral principle toleration is universal, but only in the sense that potentially it is addressed to every rational and moral agent. The question is whether this principle is appropriate in all situations and what are those moral agents who recognize its practical actuality for them? Toleration is not an absolute ethical principle, but one among others in the context of a particular moral system. It should be given a proper place in the hierarchy of principles. Understanding toleration as the absolute or even overriding principle may lead in the face of obvious and directly threatening wrong to its use as an umbrella for adoptive or escapist behavior. The limits to toleration are given by basic and minimal ethical task to resist evil. The principle of active opposition to evil by all possible means is prior to the principle of toleration.
Why Does the Environmental Problem Challenge Ethics and Political Philosophy?
Authors: Hösle Vittorio ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2012

This essay discusses the challenges that the problem of environmental destruction represents for both ethics and political philosophy. It defends universalism as the only ethical theory capable of dealing adequately with the issue, but recognizes three limitations of it: First, its strong anthropocentrism (as in Kant); second, the meta-ethics of rational egoism (Spinoza and Hobbes); and, third, the reduction of ethics to symmetric relations in the mores of modernity. With regard to political philosophy, universalism rejects the idea that consensus is a necessary and sufficient condition for morality; it points out that democratic rule is rule by majority, only rarely by unanimous consensus, and insists on the fact that even a unanimous consensus does not guarantee justice if the people affected by a decision are not identical with those entitled to make it. The latter is the case in issues of intergenerational justice. The essay ends by opposing a formalist and proceduralist concept of democracy with one that understands democracy as one reasonable tool for achieving a substantive concept of justice.
Philosophy in Korea and Cultural Synthesis
Authors: Kim Yersu ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2012

This an attempt to present, in analytic-descriptive terms, the complex and multi-layered legacy of the way philosophy has been done in Korea throughout history. It is panoramic and selective, largely intended for colleagues who are encountering philosophy in Korea for the first time. This presentation will be carried out in four parts. First, I examine how Korea’s geographical location on the periphery of the Asian continent has made it imperative to make use of philosophical influences coming from the continent to solve the existential and political problematique faced by Korea. Second, I describe the encounter of Korea with the West, and particularly with Westernized Japan, as a clash of civilizations that has led to a century-long total rejection of the tradition in Korea. Third, I describe the present day philosophical scene in Korea, as it attempts to deal with direct exposure to Western philosophy and revival and renewal of the traditional philosophy. Finally, I advance the thesis that it is philosophy’s task to forge a cultural synthesis adequate to deal with the problems facing humanity that will engage philosophy in Korea in the future.
Recent Advances in the Treatment of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hong Mun K.
Published: October 2012

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) represents the most urgent condition for patients with coronary artery disease. Prompt diagnosis and therapy, mainly with primary angioplasty using stents, are important in improving not only acute survival but also long-term prognosis. Recent advances in angioplasty devices, including manual aspiration catheters and drug-eluting stents, and pharmacologic therapy, such as potent antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents, have significantly enhanced the acute outcome for these patients. Continuing efforts to educate the public and to decrease the door-to-balloon time are essential to further improve the outcome for these high-risk patients. Future research to normalize the left ventricular function by autologous stem cell therapy may also contribute to the quality of life and longevity of the patients surviving STEMI.
REFLECTION AND RUN-UP OF TSUNAMI ON QUAY WALL AND BEHAVIOR OF DRIFTED VESSELS DUE TO TSUNAMI
Authors: Mizutani Norimi , Nakamura Tomoaki
Published: October 2012

Behaviors of a drifted vessel due to a tsunami and the reflection of the tsunami from a quay wall are investigated in this paper based on experiments and numerical analysis. It is found that the height of the quay wall has a great influence on the reflection, and hence the tsunami run-up. It is also revealed that the vessel can be run up on the apron when the water depth at the quay wall is larger than the draft of the vessel.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF SEDIMENT TRANSPORT INDUCED BY THE 2004 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI NEAR KIRINDA PORT IN SRI LANKA
Authors: Kihara Naoto , Matsuyama Masafumi
Published: October 2012

Numerical simulations of sediment transport induced by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami near Kirinda port in southeastern Sri Lanka is carried out and the relationships between the tsunami-induced flow and sediment transport are discussed. The results show two clear relationships. The first one is that the local scour occurs and a large amount of suspended sediment is generated around the head of breakwaters when the tsunami-induced flow passes through there. The second one is that the suspended sediment is deposited near vortex centers due to a secondary flow.
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON TSUNAMI RUN-UP AND INUNDATION INFLUENCED BY MACRO ROUGHNESS ELEMENTS
Authors: Goseberg Nils , Schlurmann Torsten
Published: October 2012

This research study considers long wave run-up experimentally and numerically. At first, an alternative methodology in long wave physical modeling is presented by means of a set of pipe pumps forcing the inflow of a controlled volume of water into a wave channel mimicking a tsunami-like wave shape that is consistently contained by a proportional plus integral plus derivative controller (PID) controller. Arbitrary wave lengths are persistently generated by means of the proposed methodology. First results are compared to tsunami data stemming from conventional experimental configurations with solitary waves as well as with recent numerical modeling results. Comparisons are thoroughly discussed and - in a second step - numerical simulations are accomplished taking the interaction of long wave run-up and macro-roughness elements into account. Four different experimental configurations of macro-roughness elements are carried out while spacing between elements and numbers of obstacle rows are alternated. A fundamental correlation analysis reveals that a correlation of the number of macro-roughness rows, effective area of flow cross section and a grouping factor of different element configurations exists in principle.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ON DEFORMATION OF RUN-UP TSUNAMI AND TSUNAMI FORCE ACTING ON SQUARE STRUCTURES
Authors: Nakamura Tomoaki , Mizutani Norimi , Fujima Koji
Published: October 2012

A three-dimensional two-way coupled fluid-sediment interaction model (FSM) is applied to investigate run-up tsunami deformation and tsunami force acting on square structures on land. The FSM consists of a generalized Navier-Stokes solver (GNS) for multi-phase flow including porous flow, a volume of fluid module (VFM) for air-water interface tracking, and a sediment transport module (STM) for fluid-sediment interface tracking. In the FSM, a two-way coupling procedure is implemented at each time step to connect the GNS with the VFM and the STM. The predictive capability of the FSM is demonstrated through comparison between numerical results and experimental data in terms of water surface elevation, inundation depth, and tsunami force. The process of tsunami run-up in the presence of square structures is investigated in terms of vortex structures. The result shows that the FSM is a useful tool providing detailed information in discussing run-up tsunami deformation and tsunami force.
THE NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STORM-SURGE AND COASTAL INUNDATION OF 2007 TYPHOON SEPAT
Authors: Lin Yu-Hsien , Hwung Hwung-Hweng , Fang Ming-Chung , Yang Ray-Yeng
Published: October 2012

A comprehensive numerical model for simulating storm surge has been aimed at the middle-east Taiwan Strait, in which contains the Penghu Channel (PHC) and Changyun Rise (CYR). The simulation results can be used to understand the direct impact of storm surge on the interest area during typhoon invades. The case in this study is Typhoon SEPAT, which passed through central Taiwan in 2007. The transport characteristics through the Taiwan Strait under the influence of Typhoon SEPAT were analyzed using both field observations and numerical simulations during the typhoon period. The results show that storm surge did not respond to the southerly winds but the northerly winds, in contrast to the wind waves. According to the influence of dynamical forces on the storm surge in the Taiwan Strait, the atmospheric pressure gradient is found to be the dominant force of the coastal inundation during the typhoon event. By comparing with the numerical experiment, the Coriolis force is found to have a negative contribution to the storm surge generation in the Taiwan Strait.
EFFECTS OF COASTAL LANDFORM CHANGES ON STORM SURGE ALONG THE HATTERAS ISLAND BREACH AREA
Authors: Kurum Mustafa Onur , Edge Billy , Mitasova Helena , Overton Margery
Published: October 2012

Storm surge is known to be the source of many coastal problems including dune erosion, overwash deposits and inlet breaching. The work discussed in this paper arises out of an effort to develop geospatial tools and workflows that integrate with process based numerical models in order to improve the understanding of the importance of landform and complex landform changes in these processes building on the use of existing models. The effects of landform changes on calculation of storm surge characteristics (elevation and velocity) are investigated for three different cases created using the geospatial workflows coupled with ADCIRC modeling efforts.
2D NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TIDAL BORE ON QIANTANG RIVER USING KFVS SCHEME
Authors: Pan Cun-Hong , Lu Haiyan
Published: October 2012

Qiantang estuary is famous worldwide for tidal bore, whose maximal height reaches about 4 m. In this paper, a new numerical model, based on Boltzmann equation, Kinetic Flux Vector Splitting (KFVS) scheme with the finite-volume method combined with the improved Riemann solution for moving boundary treatment, is constructed to numerically simulate the tidal bore on the Qiantang River. The model is discretized by unstructured triangular grid and has the second order accuracy in spaces. The simulated results show that the model can simulate the whole process of formation, evolution, and dissipation of the tidal bore on the Qiantang River. The typical bore sceneries such as the crossed bore, the thread-shape bore and the returned tidal bore have been reproduced. These studies lead to more understanding about the characteristics of the tidal bore.
INUNDATION FLOW VELOCITY OF TSUNAMI ON LAND AND ITS PRACTICAL USE
Authors: Matsutomi Hideo , Okamoto Kensuke , Harada Kenji
Published: October 2012

Based on field data of inundation depth and inundation flow velocity u estimated using Bernoulli's theorem and inundation depth, fundamental characteristics of relationship between inundation flow velocity and inundation depth are examined. Velocity coefficient Cv (= where g is gravitational acceleration, hf and hr are inundation depths at the front and the back of structure such as a rectangular building with vertical walls respectively) implicitly included in the relationship is examined through steady flow experiments. As the result, Cvï€½0.6 is recommended as its simple and practical value. By using the relationship and Cvï€½0.6, two simple and practical relationships are presented for two cases where inundation flow velocity exerts the largest or the smallest fluid force on structures. Fundamental characteristics of waterline (tsunami-trace) distribution around a square pillar model are also examined through steady flow experiments. Examples of tsunami-trace distribution around building in the 2009 Samoa Earthquake tsunami are presented, and compared with those by steady flow experiments. It is confirmed through the comparison and examination that the tsunami-trace distributions around buildings by the field survey are consistent with those by the steady flow experiments and contain information such as inundation flow direction, velocity and fluid force at the maximum incident inundation depth, and strength of buildings. Variation coefficient C.V. of inundation flow velocity caused by the measured point difference at the front and the back of building is also examined. In addition, based on the above results of inundation flow velocity, the existing simple and practical judgment criterion for the degree of damage to buildings is re-examined, and it is confirmed that newly proposed judgment criterion for the degree of damage to wooden buildings is consistent with the tsunami fragility curve for Japanese wooden buildings by Koshimura et al.
PROPAGATION AND RUNUP OF TSUNAMI WAVES WITH BOUSSINESQ MODEL
Authors: Zhao Xi , Wang Benlong , Liu Hua
Published: October 2012

With certain profiles of bottom movements, orders of wave height of submarine earthquake-induced tsunami both in deep ocean and nearshore area have been studied using the Boussinesq equations. An earthquake of large magnitude generates a typical N-wave which can propagate long distance in open ocean without deformation. Since the magnitude and length of tsunami waves related to vertical and horizontal scale of geological movements, solitary wave and N-wave are extended to waves not tied to solitary property which represent tsunami waves better. In a horizontal one dimensional numerical wave flume, runup of solitary wave, N-wave, single crest and N-wave composed by a single crest and a single trough on a slope beach have been simulated. The results fit analytical solutions of nonlinear shallow water equations well. The Indian Ocean tsunami has been simulated with the horizontal two dimensional high order Boussinesq model. Comparison between numerical results and measured data from field survey validates the numerical model.
APPLICATION OF COASTAL STORM IMPULSE (COSI) PARAMETER TO PREDICT COASTAL EROSION
Authors: Walker Rob A. , Basco David R.
Published: October 2012

A new coastal storm-strength parameter, the Coastal Storm Impulse (COSI) parameter, was introduced at the ICCE 2006 (San Diego) and further discussed at the ICCE 2008 (Hamburg). COSI is based on the conservation of linear, horizontal momentum to combine storm surge, wave dynamics, and currents over the storm duration. Both tropical storms (hurricanes) and extra-tropical storms (northeasters) can produce similar COSI parameters that range from 0.69*10^6 N-m/hr to 49.72*10^6 n-m/hr with lognormal distribution. Potential implications of such a storm classification system include the evaluation of coastal structures and coastal infrastructure, as well as providing a universal storm strength indicator that is directly tied to coastal physical parameters and not limited to wind speed. This paper explores the application of COSI to predict coastal erosion along the sub-aerial ocean beach in Duck, North Carolina on the east coast of the United States. Data for the 10-year study period (1994 to 2003) has been analyzed to produce 249 storms for study of coastal erosion. When profile response to coastal storms was assessed through a pre- and post-storm volumetric determination, mixed results showing both erosion and accretion were observed. The paper also explores the possible explanations and implications of these findings.
PRACTICAL MODEL TO ESTIMATE DRIFT MOTION OF VESSELS BY TSUNAMI
Authors: Tomita Takashi , Honda Kazuhiko
Published: October 2012

Port and harbor areas are vulnerable to tsunamis, because of high population and business activities as well as low-lying areas. Furthermore many vessels, containers and cars existing in the areas may be floated and drifted by a series of tsunamis. The tsunami-drifted bodies have the potential to collide with houses and buildings and then to cause secondary damage to them. In this study, a numerical model has been developed to estimate the behavior of multiple tsunami-drifted bodies. In the present model, a drifted body due to the tsunami is moved in terms of drag and inertia forces acting on the body, which are calculated with fluid velocity distributing on side faces of the body. Furthermore, a collision model is developed and integrated with the drift model, to consider that a drifted body collides with another drift body and a fixed body. A break model of mooring system is also developed and integrated with the drift model, by which a mooring vessel can start to be drifted when the mooring system is broken. The present model is qualitatively validated through conducting simple test runs, and applied to calculations in actual bathymetry and topography.