bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Space and Time in 100 Million Words: Health and Disease in a Nineteenth-century Newspaper
Authors: Porter Catherine , Atkinson Paul , Gregory Ian N.
Published: October 2018

The abundance of information contained in nineteenth-century texts means the traditional ‘close reading’ of Victorian culture has limitations. With the burgeoning availability of newspapers in digital format, there is a pressing need to look at how we might effectively and efficiently use these digital resources to help answer research questions and add to key historical and geographical debates. Focusing on the analysis of a large digital corpus, this paper has two key foci: (I) to apply an innovative digital methodology, that combines corpus linguistics and geospatial technologies, to a very large corpus of newspaper texts and; (II) apply said methodology to a case study assessing the presentation of health and disease in a nineteenth-century newspaper. The paper illustrates that by linking existing techniques with new and innovative approaches it is possible to temporally and spatially analyse and map themes of interest in large digital corpora on a scale not possible through more traditional close reading methods.
Patient experience of home and waiting room blood pressure measurement: a qualitative study of patients with recently diagnosed hypertension
Authors: Tompson Alice C , Schwartz Claire L , Fleming Susannah , Ward Alison M , Greenfield Sheila M , Grant Sabrina , Hobbs FD Richard , Heneghan Carl J , McManus Richard J
Published: October 2018

Background

Out-of-office blood pressure (BP) measurement is advocated to confirm hypertension diagnosis. However, little is known about how primary care patients view and use such measurement.

Aim

To investigate patient experience of out-of-office BP monitoring, particularly home and practice waiting room BP measurement, before, during, and after diagnosis.

Design and setting

A cross-sectional, qualitative study with patients from two UK GP surgeries participating in a feasibility study of waiting room BP measurement.

Method

Interviewees were identified from recent additions to the practice hypertension register. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded thematically.

Results

Of 29 interviewees, 9 (31%) and 22 (76%) had used the waiting room monitor and/or monitored at home respectively. Out-of-office monitoring was used by patients as evidence of control or the lack of need for medication, with the printed results slips from the waiting room monitor perceived to improve ‘trustworthiness’. The waiting room monitor enabled those experiencing uncertainty about their equipment or technique to double-check readings. Monitoring at home allowed a more intensive and/or flexible schedule to investigate BP fluctuations and the impact of medication and lifestyle changes. A minority used self-monitoring to inform drug holidays. Reduced intensity of monitoring was reported with both modalities following diagnosis as initial anxiety or patient and GP interest decreased.

Conclusion

Home and practice waiting room measurements have overlapping but differing roles for patients. Waiting room BP monitors may be a useful out-of-office measurement modality for patients unwilling and/or unable to measure and record their BP at home.
Two- and Three-dimensional Nonlinear Instabilities of Whistler Waves
Authors: Zhao Jinsong , Sun Heyu , Yu Mingyoung
Published: October 2018

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear instabilities of whistler waves from resonant wave–wave interaction have gained much attention in numerical simulations as well as observations in space plasmas. In this paper, both 2D and three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear instabilities of whistler waves are investigated using electron magnetohydrodynamics (EMHD). It is found that decay instabilities can excite waves with a broadband wavenumber spectrum, including highly oblique propagating whistler waves. Whistler waves with λ

e

k = 1 would excite counter-propagating whistler waves, and the wave with

can produce both co- and counter-propagating whistler waves, where λ

e
is the electron inertial length and k is the wavenumber. Moreover, it is shown that 3D instabilities have similar nonlinear growth rate distributions as in 2D decay for the azimuthal wavelength much larger than λ

e
. These results suggest that nonlinear wave–wave interaction can play an important role in the scattering of whistler waves in the solar wind and the Earth’s magnetosphere, and are also helpful for understanding nonlinear wave–wave interaction in the formation and development of EMHD turbulence.
The Hot, Accreted Halo of NGC 891
Authors: Hodges-Kluck Edmund J. , Bregman Joel N. , Li Jiang-tao
Published: October 2018

Galaxies are surrounded by halos of hot gas whose mass and origin remain unknown. One of the most challenging properties to measure is the metallicity, which constrains both of these. We present a measurement of the metallicity around NGC 891, a nearby, edge-on, Milky Way analog. We find that the hot gas is dominated by low-metallicity gas near the virial temperature at

and

and that this gas coexists with hotter (

) gas that is concentrated near the star-forming regions in the disk. Model choices lead to differences of

, and higher signal-to-noise ratio observations would be limited by systematic error and plasma emission model or abundance ratio choices. The low-metallicity gas is consistent with the inner part of an extended halo accreted from the intergalactic medium, which has been modulated by star formation. However, there is much more cold gas than hot gas around NGC 891, which is difficult to explain in either the accretion or supernova-driven outflow scenarios. We also find a diffuse nonthermal excess centered on the galactic center and extending to 5 kpc above the disk with a 0.3–10 keV

. This emission is inconsistent with inverse Compton scattering or single-population synchrotron emission, and its origin remains unclear.
Ravenelia piepenbringiae and Ravenelia hernandezii, two new rust species on Senegalia (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae) from Panama and Costa Rica
Authors: Ebinghaus M. , Begerow D.
Published: October 2018

Two new rust species, Raveneliapiepenbringiae and R.hernandezii (Pucciniales) on Senegalia spp. (Fabaceae) are described from the Neotropics (Panama, Costa Rica). A key to the species on neotropical Senegalia spp. is provided. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on 28S rDNA sequence data suggest that the representatives of Senegalia rusts distributed in the neotropics evolved independently from species known from South Africa. This is further supported by the teliospore morphology, which is characterised by uniseriate cysts in the neotropical Senegalia rusts and contrasting multiseriate cysts in the paleotropic Ravenelia species that infect this host genus.
The Morality and Rationality of Suicide
Authors: Shneidman Edwin S
Published: October 2018

V: Philosophic and Legal Aspects of Suicide
Head trauma: A significant public health concern among young men in Botswana. Etiology referral patterns and opportunities for interventions
Authors: Cox Megan , Becker Timothy , Motsumi Mpapho
Published: October 2018

This study aims to present and discuss acute Head Injury (HI) presentations including etiology, referral patterns and disposition in patients presenting to a major referral hospital in Gaborone, Botswana. Cross-sectional, retrospective data collection from July 2015 through September 2015 extracted descriptions of patient demographics, mechanism of injury, comorbidities, diagnosis and disposition from Emergency Centre (EC) records. 360 HI patients presented in three months, averaging four per day and increasing on weekends and end of the month. HI disproportionately impacted young adult males, with motor vehicle accidents accounting for 38%, violence implicated in 39% and 80% recorded as blunt trauma. HIV status was unknown for 84% of patients at the time of presentation and 10% of patients were recorded as HIV positive. Patients referred from external hospitals had a higher admission rate. HI in young males is a significant trauma burden in this hospital, similar to the known regional trauma patterns. More studies regarding trauma, alcohol, and violence related to paydays should be considered to investigate and reduce the burden of HI in Botswana.
Boekbespreking
Authors: De Wet J.I. , Loader J.A. , Dreyer P.S. , Engelbrecht J.J. , Koekemoer J.H. , Viljoen C.J.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Pastoraat
Authors: Beukes M.J.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Wat leer Calvyn en Luther oor die maagdelike geboorte van Jesus Christus
Authors: Koekemoer P.J.T.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Kerkgeskiedenis as begrip tydens die kerkhervorming
Authors: Pont A.D.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Burkitt lymphoma – Nutritional support during induction treatment: Effect on anthropometric parameters and morbidity of treatment
Authors: Hesseling Peter B. , Tamannai Mona , Ladas Elena , Afungchwi Glenn , Katayi Edouard , Kouya Francine
Published: October 2018

Background: Malnutrition is common in children diagnosed with cancer in Africa, and it adds to the morbidity and mortality of treatment. Nutritional support is known to reduce morbidity and mortality of treatment.Aim: The aim of this study was to record changes in anthropometric parameters, morbidity and mortality in patients admitted with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) whose diet was supplemented with protein, vitamins and minerals during induction chemotherapy.Methods: Seventy consecutive newly diagnosed BL patients were enrolled. The diet was supplemented with a daily egg, 200 mL F-75 formula and vitamins. Guardians received 3 cups of dry rice and $1 daily to buy and prepare meals for the patient and themselves whilst in the hospital. Height, weight, triceps skinfold (TSF) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were recorded on days 1 and 28. Co-morbidities at diagnosis were treated, and neutropenia and febrile episodes managed with a standard protocol. Two patients who died within 24 h after admission were excluded from the anthropometric analyses.Results: The mean age was 8 (range 2–16) years and the male:female ratio was 42:28. The St Jude stage distribution was as follows: Stage I = 6%, II = 4%, III = 69%, IV = 21%. Weight for age was < 10th centile at diagnosis in 18% (but influenced by tumour mass). Weight was unchanged or increased by ≥ 5% in 66% of patients on Day 28. The TSF was < 3rd centile in 47% of patients and increased by ≥ 0.5 cm in 57%. The MUAC was < 3rd centile in 16% of patients at diagnosis and in 10% of patients on Day 28. Febrile episodes in 60% and neutropenia in 18% of patients were successfully treated. Two patients died from presumed renal failure. The overall death rate (including the two deaths within 24 h after admission before chemotherapy was started) was 5.5% (n = 4).Conclusion: The TSF improved in the majority and the MUAC improved in some patients. Febrile neutropenia and febrile episodes could be successfully managed. The death rate during induction was lower than in our previously published results with the same chemotherapy protocol. Dietary supplementation should be a standard component of treatment in paediatric patients with cancer.
Krivine’s Function Calculus and Bochner Integration
Authors: Troitsky V. G. , Türer M. S.
Published: October 2018

We prove that Krivine’s Function Calculus is compatible with integration. Let $(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA},\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4},\unicode[STIX]{x1D707})$ be a finite measure space, $X$ a Banach lattice, $\mathbf{x}\in X^{n}$, and $f:\mathbb{R}^{n}\times \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ a function such that $f(\cdot ,\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ is continuous and positively homogeneous for every $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}\in \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$, and $f(\mathbf{s},\cdot )$ is integrable for every $\mathbf{s}\in \mathbb{R}^{n}$. Put $F(\mathbf{s})=\int f(\mathbf{s},\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})\,d\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ and define $F(\mathbf{x})$ and $f(\mathbf{x},\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ via Krivine’s Function Calculus. We prove that under certain natural assumptions $F(\mathbf{x})=\int f(\mathbf{x},\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})\,d\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$, where the right hand side is a Bochner integral.
Pointwise Characterizations of Even Order Sobolev Spaces via Derivatives of Ball Averages
Authors: Xie Guangheng , Yang Dachun , Yuan Wen
Published: October 2018

Let$\ell \in \mathbb{N}$and$p\in (1,\infty ]$. In this article, the authors establish several equivalent characterizations of Sobolev spaces$W^{2\ell +2,p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$in terms of derivatives of ball averages. The novelty in the results of this article is that these equivalent characterizations reveal some new connections between the smoothness indices of Sobolev spaces and the derivatives on the radius of ball averages and also that, to obtain the corresponding results for higher order Sobolev spaces, the authors first establish the combinatorial equality: for any$\ell \in \mathbb{N}$and$k\in \{0,\ldots ,\ell -1\}$,$\sum _{j=0}^{2\ell }(-1)^{j}\binom{2\ell }{j}|\ell -j|^{2k}=0$.
Spectral theory for structured perturbations of linear operators
Authors: Adler Martin , Engel Klaus-Jochen
Published: October 2018

We characterize the spectrum (and its parts) of operators which can be represented as "

G=A+BC“

for a "simpler" operator

A

and a structured perturbation

BC

. The interest in this kind of perturbations is motivated, e.g., by perturbations of the domain of an operator

A

but also arises in the theory of closed-loop systems in control theory. In many cases our results yield the spectral values of

G

as zeros of a "
characteristic equation
".
Two-term, asymptotically sharp estimates for eigenvalue means of the Laplacian
Authors: Harrell II Evans M. , Stubbe Joachim
Published: October 2018

We present asymptotically sharp inequalities for the eigenvalues

\mu_k

of the Laplacian on a domain with Neumann boundary conditions, using the averaged variational principle introduced in [14]. For the Riesz mean

R_1(z)

of the eigenvalues we improve the known sharp semiclassical bound in terms of the volume of the domain with a second term with the best possible expected power of

z

.

In addition, we obtain two-sided bounds for individual

\mu_k

, which are semiclassically sharp, and we obtain a Neumann version of Laptev’s result that the Pólya conjecture is valid for domains that are Cartesian products of a generic domain with one for which Pólya’s conjecture holds. In a final section, we remark upon the Dirichlet case with the same methods.
Generic continuous spectrum for multi-dimensional quasiperiodic Schrödinger operators with rough potentials
Authors: Han Rui , Yang Fan
Published: October 2018

We study the multi-dimensional operator

(H_x u)_n=\sum_{|m-n|=1}u_{m}+f(T^n(x))u_n,

where

T

is the shift of the torus

\mathbb T^d

. When

d=2

, we show the spectrum of

H_x

is almost surely purely continuous for a.e.

\alpha

and generic continuous potentials. When

d\geq 3

, the same result holds for frequencies under an explicit arithmetic criterion. We also show that general multi-dimensional operators with measurable potentials do not have eigenvalue for generic

\alpha

.
Topological recursion, topological quantum field theory and Gromov–Witten invariants of BG
Authors: Hernández Serrano Daniel
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this paper is to give a decorated version of the Eynard–Orantin topological recursion using a 2D Topological Quantum Field Theory. We define a kernel for a 2D TQFT and use an algebraic reformulation of a topological recursion to define how to decorate a standard topological recursion by a 2D TQFT. The A-model side enumerative problem consists of counting cell graphs where in addition vertices are decorated by elements in a Frobenius algebra, and which are a decorated version of the generalized Catalan numbers. We show that the function that counts these decorated graphs, which is a decoration of the counting function of the generalized Catalan numbers by a Frobenius algebra, satisfies a topological recursion with respect to the edge-contraction axioms. The path we follow to pass from the A-model side to the remodeled B-model side is to use a discrete Laplace transform as a mirror symmetry map. We show that a decorated version by a 2D TQFT of the Eynard–Orantin differentials satisfies a decorated version of the Eynard–Orantin recursion formula. We illustrate these results using a toy model for the theory arising from the orbifold cohomology of the classifying space of a finite group. In this example, the graphs are orbifold cell graphs (graphs drawn on an orbifold punctured Riemann surface) defined out of the moduli space

\overline {\mathcal M}_{g,n}(BG)

of stable morphisms from twisted curves to the classifying space of a finite group

G

. In particular we show that the cotangent class intersection numbers on the moduli space

\overline {\mathcal{M}}_{g,n}(BG)

satisfy a decorated Eynard–Orantin topological recursion and we derive an orbifold DVV equation as a consequence of it. This proves from a different perspective the known result which states that the

\psi

-class intersection numbers on

\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g,n}(BG)

satisfy the Virasoro constraint condition.
Об одном критерии однородности, основанном на квадратических уклонениях между ядерными оценками плотности распределения в $p\geq 2$ независимых выборках
Authors: Babilua Petre , Nadaraya Elizbar A
Published: October 2018

Построен критерий однородности, основанный на оценках плотности распределения типов ядра. Найдена предельная мощность построенного критерия для близких альтернатив типа Питмана.
Evaluating cloud properties in an ensemble of regional online coupled models against satellite observations
Authors: Baró Rocío , Jiménez-Guerrero Pedro , Stengel Martin , Brunner Dominik , Curci Gabriele , Forkel Renate , Neal Lucy , Palacios-Peña Laura , Savage Nicholas , Schaap Martijn , Tuccella Paolo , Denier van der Gon Hugo , Galmarini Stefano
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Online coupled meteorology–chemistry models permit the description of the
aerosol–radiation (ARI) and aerosol–cloud interactions (ACIs). The aim of this
work is to assess the representation of several cloud properties in
regional-scale coupled models when simulating the
climate–chemistry–cloud–radiation system. The evaluated simulations are
performed under the umbrella of the Air Quality Model Evaluation
International Initiative (AQMEII) Phase 2 and include ARI+ACI interactions.
Model simulations are evaluated against observational data from the European
Space Agency (ESA) Cloud_cci project. The results show an underestimation
(overestimation) of cloud fraction (CF) over land (sea) areas by the models.
Lower bias values are found in the ensemble mean. Cloud optical depth (COD)
and cloud ice water path (IWP) are generally underestimated over the whole
European domain. The cloud liquid water path (LWP) is broadly overestimated.
The temporal correlation suggests a generally positive correlation between
models and satellite observations. Finally, CF gives the best spatial
variability representation, whereas COD, IWP, and LWP show less capacity. The
differences found can be attributed to differences in the microphysics
schemes used; for instance, the number of ice hydrometeors and the
prognostic/diagnostic treatment of the LWP are relevant.
Characterization of organic aerosols from a Chinese Mega-City during winter: predominance of fossil fuel combustion
Authors: Haque Md. Mozammel , Kawamura Kimitaka , Deshmukh Dhananjay K. , Fang Cao , Song Wenhuai , Mengying Bao , Zhang Yan-Lin
Published: October 2018

Abstract. PM2.5 aerosol samples were collected in a typical mega-city in China (Nanjing: 32.21° N and 118.73° E) during winter and analyzed for more than 100 compounds of twelve organic compound classes. The most abundant classes of compounds are n-alkanes (average, 205 ng m−3), followed by fatty acids (76.3 ng m−3), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (64.3 ng m−3), anhydro-sugars (56.3 ng m−3), fatty alcohols (40.5 ng m−3), and phthalate esters (15.2 ng m−3), whereas hydroxy-/polyacids (8.33 ng m−3), aromatic acids (7.35 ng m−3), hopanes (4.19 ng m−3), primary sugars and sugar alcohols (4.15  ng m−3), lignin and resin products (2.94 ng m−3), and steranes (2.46 ng m−3) are less abundant. The carbon preference index of n-alkanes (0.83–1.38) indicated that they were mainly derived from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. Diagnostic concentration ratios of organic tracers suggested that PAHs and hopanes are mostly originated from coal burning and traffic emissions, respectively in Nanjing urban area. Positive matrix factorization analysis demonstrated that fossil fuel combustion is the dominant source (28.7 %) in Nanjing winter aerosols. Most of the compounds generally showed higher concentrations in nighttime than in daytime, due to the accumulation process associated with the inversion layers and increased emissions from heavy-duty trucks at night. We conclude that fossil fuel combustion largely influences the winter organic aerosols in urban Nanjing area. Based on the comparison of present results with previous studies, we found that pollution levels on organic aerosols have been decreased in the urban Nanjing atmosphere for the last decade.
Technical note: Absorption aerosol optical depth components from AERONET observations of mixed dust plumes
Authors: Shin Sung-Kyun , Tesche Matthias , Müller Detlef , Noh Youngmin
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Absorption aerosol optical depth (AAOD) as obtained from sun/sky photometer measurements provides a measure of the light-absorbing properties of the columnar aerosol loading. However, it is not an unambiguous, aerosol-type specific parameter, particularly if several types of absorbing aerosols, for instance black carbon (BC) and mineral dust, are present in a mixed aerosol plume. The contribution of mineral dust to total aerosol light-absorption is particularly important at UV wavelengths. In this study we refine a lidar-based technique for the separation of dust and non-dust aerosol types for the use with Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) direct sun and inversion products. We extend the methodology to retrieve AAOD related to non-dust aerosol (AAODnd) and BC (AAODBC). We test the method at selected AERONET sites that are frequently affected by aerosol plumes that contain a mixture of Saharan or Asian mineral dust and biomass-burning smoke or anthropogenic pollution, respectively. We find that aerosol optical depth (AOD) related to mineral dust as obtained with our methodology is frequently smaller than coarse-mode AOD. This suggests that the latter is not an ideal proxy for estimating the contribution of mineral dust to mixed dust plumes. We present the results of the AAODBC retrieval for the selected AERONET sites and compare them to coincident values provided in the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring System aerosol re-analysis. We find that modelled and AERONET AAODBC are most consistent for Asian sites or at Saharan sites with strong local anthropogenic sources.
Extratropical cyclone statistics during the last millennium and the 21st century
Authors: Raible Christoph C. , Messmer Martina , Lehner Flavio , Stocker Thomas F. , Blender Richard
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Extratropical cyclones in winter and their characteristics are investigated
in depth for the Atlantic European region, as they are responsible for a
significant part of the rainfall and extreme wind and/or
precipitation-induced hazards. The analysis is based on a seamless transient
simulation with a state-of-the-art fully coupled Earth system model from 850
to 2100 CE. The Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario is used in the 21st century. During the
Common Era, cyclone characteristics show pronounced variations on interannual
and decadal timescales, but no external forcing imprint is found prior to
1850. Thus, variations of extratropical cyclone characteristics are mainly
caused by internal variability of the coupled climate system. When
anthropogenic forcing becomes dominant in the 20th century, a decrease of the
cyclone occurrences mainly over the Mediterranean and a strong increase of
extreme cyclone-related precipitation become detectable. The latter is due to
thermodynamics as it follows the Clausius–Clapeyron relation. An important
finding, though, is that the relation between temperature and extreme
cyclone-related precipitation is not always controlled by the
Clausius–Clapeyron relation, which suggests that dynamical processes can play
an important role in generating extreme cyclone-related precipitation – for
example, in the absence of anomalously warm background conditions. Thus, the
importance of dynamical processes, even on decadal timescales, might explain
the conundrum that proxy records suggest enhanced occurrence of precipitation
extremes during rather cold periods in the past.
A Methodology For Optimal Designing Of Monitoring Sensor
Networks For Tsunami Inversion
Authors: Meza Joaquín , Catalán Patricio A. , Tsushima Hiroaki
Published: October 2018

Abstract. A methodology to optimize the design of an offshore tsunami network array is presented, allowing placement of sensors to be used in a Early Tsunami Warning System framework. The method improves on previous methods by including multiple tsunami parameters as a measure of the predictive accuracy through a single cost function. The use of different tsunami parameters allows for a network which is less subject to biases found when using a single parameter. The resulting network performance was tested against an historical event, suggesting that having such a network in place could have provided meaningful information for the hazard assessment. The low number of sensors required may be useful in implementing such networks in places where funding of denser arrays might be of concern.
The Newberry Deep Drilling Project (NDDP) workshop
Authors: Bonneville Alain , Cladouhos Trenton T. , Petty Susan , Schultz Adam , Sørlie Carsten , Asanuma Hiroshi , Friðleifsson Guðmundur Ómar , Jaupart Claude , de Natale Giuseppe
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The important scientific questions that will form the basis of a full
proposal to drill a deep well to the ductile–brittle transition zone
(T>400 ∘C) at Newberry Volcano, central Oregon
state, USA, were discussed during an International Continental Drilling
Program (ICDP) sponsored workshop held at the Oregon State
University-Cascades campus in Bend, Oregon, from 10 to 13 September 2017.
Newberry Volcano is one of the largest geothermal heat reservoirs in the USA
and has been extensively studied for the last 40 years. The Newberry Deep
Drilling Project (NDDP) will be located at an idle geothermal exploration
well, NWG 46-16, drilled in 2008, 3500 m deep and 340–374 ∘C at
bottom, which will be deepened another 1000 to 1300 m to reach
500 ∘C. The workshop concluded by setting ambitious goals for
the NDDP: (1) test the enhanced geothermal system (EGS) above the critical
point of water, (2) collect samples of rocks within the brittle–ductile
transition, (3) investigate volcanic hazards, (4) study magmatic
geomechanics, (5) calibrate geophysical imaging techniques, and (6) test
technology for drilling, well completion, and geophysical monitoring in a
very high-temperature environment. Based on these recommendations, a full
drilling proposal was submitted in January 2018 to the ICDP for deepening an
existing well. The next steps will be to continue building a team with
project, technology, and investment partners to make the NDDP a reality.
What seismicity offshore Sicily suggests about lithosphere dynamics and microplate fragmentation models in the Central Mediterranean
Authors: Neri Giancarlo , Totaro Cristina , Orecchio Barbara , Presti Debora
Published: October 2018

Abstract. We analyze an updated dataset of earthquakes of Southern Italy, focusing in particular on hypocenter locations and seismogenic stress distributions in the southern and eastearn offshores of Sicily, the two sectors of the study region where seismic and geodetic information needed for geodynamic modeling is still poor because of poor geometry of monitoring networks. Using Bayesian non-linear methods for hypocentral locations and hypocenter error estimates we improve the earthquake locations performed by more traditional linearized techniques, and this helps us to make significant progress in the interpretation of seismicity and seismogenic stress distributions especially where seismometric network geometry is more critical. Epicenter maps and hypocenter vertical sections, together with (i) best quality focal mechanisms coming from seismic waveform inversion and (ii) orientations of stress principal axes estimated by inversion of focal mechanisms, help us to better recognize geodynamic engines and plate margin deformation in the study area. NW-trending convergence between Africa and Eurasia is recognized as the main source of tectonic stress in the study region, producing clearly detectable signatures in terms of σ1 orientations also in the offshore sectors of the western Ionian and the Sicily Channel. Seismicity and seismogenic stress tensor highlight nearly uniform compressional dynamics related to plate convergence in the Sicily Channel, in contrast to rifting and microplate divergence proposed in that sector by other investigators. In the western Ionian, seismicity and stress inversion results reveal superposition of convergence-related compression and extensional dynamics. The latter, characterized by minimum compressive stress oriented SW-NE, can be related to a rifting process (opening SW-NE) hypothesized by previous investigators on the basis of marine geophysics analyses performed between the Alfeo-Etna and the Ionian Faults. The seismicity and seismogenic stress detected in the Western Ionian show that assumptions of microplate rigidity in this area made by previous workers when modeling poor geodetic data available can be inappropriate. Our findings indicate that more complex rheologic models should be adopted for reconstruction of tectonic deformation and microplate relative motions in the Central Mediterranean region.
Spatial characteristics of bicycle–motor vehicle crashes in Christchurch, New Zealand: A case-control approach
Authors: Williams Thomas , Doscher Crile , Page Shannon
Published: October 2018

This paper aims to examine the risk of bicycle-motor vehicle crashes occurring on a network-wide level in Christchurch, New Zealand, based on the spatial characteristics present in the road environment. To achieve this, logistic regression was undertaken with a binary dependent variable (crash/non-crash) using a case-control strategy, with case sites being locations of reported crashes, while control sites were sampled from the road network in proportion to where people cycle. Due to the uncertainty of cycling flows in Christchurch, four logistic regression models were undertaken based on different route selection preferences.

The results identified that the odds of a crash increased across all four models due to the presence of driveways or intersections, identifying that these characteristics are associated with an increase in crash risk. All of the models identified that the risk of a crash decreases with the presence of on-road cycle lanes, while crash risk due to the presence of specific planning zones or road classification varied across all of the models.
Measuring low-stress connectivity in terms of bike-accessible jobs and potential bike-to-work trips: A case study evaluating alternative bike route alignments in northern Delaware
Authors: Furth Peter G , Putta Theja VVK , Moser Paul
Published: October 2018

When road segments with high traffic stress are excluded, the remaining network of low-stress roads and trails can be fragmented, lacking connections between many origin-destination pairs or requiring onerous detour. Low-stress connectivity is a measure of the degree to which origins (for this study, homes) and destinations (jobs) can be connected using only low-stress links and without excessive detour. Revision 2.0 to Level of Traffic Stress criteria is introduced and applied to the road and trail network of northern Delaware. A propensity model is proposed to reflect people’s declining willingness to ride a bike with greater trip length and detour, accounting for the impact to health and other benefits of cycling. New connectivity measures are introduced that can be interpreted as the number of bike-accessible jobs and the potential number of bike-to-work trips, powerful measures for evaluating alternatives.

These connectivity measures are applied in a case study evaluating alternative alignments for a bike route between Wilmington and Newark, Delaware’s two largest cities, separated by a distance of about 20 km through a largely suburban landscape. The case study explores the benefits of enhancing alternatives with branches that help connect to population and employment centers. We also find that the connectivity gain from constructing multiple alignments is greater than the sum of connectivity gains from individual alignments, indicating that complementarity between the alternatives, which are spaced roughly 5 km apart, overshadows any competition between them.
Vocento o los límites de la prensa regional
Authors: Pérez Serrano María José , García Santamaría José Vicente
Published: October 2018

La historia de Vocento es la de un grupo de comunicación que logró consolidar el mayor proyecto periodístico regional en España. Con la tesorería acumulada en los años de bonanza y algunos recursos ajenos pudo adquirir ABC, y también plantear una ambiciosa expansión multimedia con la creación de una emisora de radio (Punto Radio) y la entrada en proyectos televisivos: Telecinco, cadenas locales y multiplex en la TDT. Esta estrategia propició una diversificación de sus actividades y que fuese capaz de competir con el resto de grandes conglomerados mediáticos: Prisa, Telefónica y Planeta. Si bien, el resultado final fue desigual al no cumplir sus expectativas en los proyectos audiovisuales y contar con excesivas pérdidas en el diario ABC. Nuestro objetivo en este artículo es doble: demostrar las restricciones de los procesos de integración horizontal en el sector periodístico, así como analizar los desaciertos cometidos por Vocento en su estrategia de diversificación multimedia.
Cazadores de exclusivas en el entorno digital
Authors: Lamelas López Marcos
Published: October 2018

Los periodistas especializados en conseguir exclusivas en los periódicos representan un último reducto de la profesión que se resiste al influjo de la redes sociales. Así lo expresan cinco periodistas de los mayores diarios españoles que fueron entrevistados durante un estudio etnográfico sobre cómo habían trabajado una serie de exclusivas publicadas durante el año 2012. En esas entrevistas enfocadas y semi-estructuradas, los reporteros siguen valorando la exclusiva como el contenido más valiosos de sus medios pero expresan críticas sobre la utilidad de las redes sociales para su profesión, se muestran refractarios a su uso, incluso contraviniendo el criterio de sus propias empresas editoras y hasta se manifiestan partidarios de mantener los “scoops” al margen de la mecánica de adelantar contenido en el entorno 2.0. que están desplegando los medios de comunicación.
La construcción socioimaginaria de la mujer en el discurso de la prensa chilena: El caso de "El Diario Austral" de Temuco en el contexto de la promulgación del derecho al sufragio femenino en Chile 1935-1952
Authors: López Dietz Sandra , Mayorga Rojel Alberto Javier , Nitrihual Valdebenito Luis
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar resultados de una investigación acerca del imaginario social en torno a la mujer en el discurso de prensa del Diario Austral de Temuco, durante el periodo 1935-1952, años en los que se promulga el sufragio femenino en Chile para elecciones municipales y, posteriormente, para las elecciones presidenciales y parlamentarias.
La segmentación y el consumo mediático de la audiencia española: de la clase social al índice sociodemográfico (2005-2016)
Authors: Quintas Froufe Natalia
Published: October 2018

La clase social es una de las variables sociodemográficas de segmentación universalmente aceptadas en el estudio de las audiencias. Sin embargo, en el ámbito español se ha introducido recientemente una nueva variable de segmentación: el índice sociodemográfico. El presente artículo pretende profundizar en la complejidad de la definición del concepto de clase social y su evolución, para finalmente describir la penetración de los medios de comunicación en las diferentes clases sociales en España durante los últimos doce años (2005-2016) con el objeto de identificar prácticas sociales grupales relacionadas con los medios de comunicación.
Avances y retos de la gestión de la comunicación en el siglo XXI. Procesos, necesidades y carencias en el ámbito institucional
Authors: Túñez-López Miguel , Costa-Sánchez Carmen , Míguez González María Isabel
Published: October 2018

Las organizaciones están instaladas en un conglomerado sistémico en el que su funcionamiento depende del comportamiento de las demás entidades en el entorno en el que se encuentran inmersas. Este artículo parte de que la comunicación institucional no puede considerarse ajena al modo en que se están transformando las relaciones online y offline. Atendiendo a cinco indicadores de tendencia (la simetría interactiva, Generación Co, comunicación transmedia y contenidos líquidos, Internet of Things (IoT) y conexión en movilidad geocalizada) analiza cómo se están adaptando los responsables de gestionar comunicación gubernamental, sindical, política, religiosa, sanitaria, judicial, parlamentaria y de Ayuntamientos y Diputaciones, a través de una muestra intencional de 87 miembros sobre un universo censal de 427 organizaciones e instituciones de Galicia que respondieron a un cuestionario de 54 preguntas sobre procesos, necesidades y carencias en la gestión de su comunicación.
The raising-to-object construction in Puyuma and its implications for a typology of RTO
Authors: Chen Victoria
Published: October 2018

Recent work has revealed that raising-to-object (RTO) constructions across languages impose two common constraints. Constructions that involve an actual movement of the “raised” phrase (XP) invariably impose a “Subject-only” constraint on XP, whereas those that contain an XP base-generated in its spell-out position require a coindexed pronoun in the embedded clause. This paper investigates an understudied type of RTO construction in the Philippine-type Austronesian language Puyuma, in which a “Subject-only” constraint on the XP is absent, and the construction need not contain an embedded pronoun coindexed with the XP. I demonstrate that the absence of these constraints follows from an embedded hanging topic analysis of the XP, whereby the XP is base-generated at the left periphery of a finite embedded clause, whose relation with the embedded CP is established through the aboutness condition. I discuss how this construction enriches the current understanding of the microvariation found in non-movement-type RTO constructions. Finally, I show that the XPs, in instances of RTO that have been analyzed as embedded topic constructions, exhibit variation in behavior parallel to topics in root clause environments, which calls for further investigation of the correlation between topics and XPs in RTO constructions.
Exploiting microvariation: How to make the best of your incomplete data
Authors: Garzonio Jacopo , Poletto Cecilia
Published: October 2018

In this article we discuss the use of big corpuses or databases as a first step for qualitative analysis of linguistic data. We concentrate on ASIt, the Syntactic Atlas of Italy, and take into consideration the different types of dialectal data that can be collected from similar corpora and databases. We analyze all the methodological problems derived from the necessary compromise between the strict requirements imposed by a scientific inquiry and the management of big amounts of data. As a possible solution, we propose that the type of variation is per se a tool to derive meaningful generalizations. To implement this idea, we examine three different types of variation patterns that can be used in the study of morpho-syntax: the geographical distribution of properties (and their total or partial overlapping, or complementary distribution), the so-called leopard spots variation, and the lexical variation index, which can be used to determine the internal complexity of functional items.
El problema de las subsistencias y las condiciones de vida de los sectores populares urbanos en El Salvador: consumo, ingresos y escasez, 1914-1944.
Authors: González Márquez Luis Rubén
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo analiza las condiciones de vida de los sectores populares urbanos de El Salvador, a partir del problema de aprovisionamiento de los bienes de consumo básicos durante el período de guerras y entreguerras. A través del contraste entre las estadísticas disponibles y fuentes de la época, se reconstruye el comportamiento de los precios de los alimentos y otros bienes, se contrastan con los ingresos de estos grupos populares citadinos y se describe la dinámica conﬂictiva de las alzas de precios y la escasez. Aunque fragmentaria, la imagen que resulta permite profundizar otras contradicciones y problemáticas del modelo de desarrollo hacia afuera desde la agroexportación. En concreto, en la precariedad e incertidumbre cotidiana de los heterogéneos sectores que habitaban las ciudades salvadoreñas y en las presiones resultantes sobre el Estado y las clases dominantes, así como sobre los principios de liberalismo económico del proyecto societal vigente.Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 9, enero-junio 2017: 95-145
ZONEAMENTO TÉRMICO E SUAS CORRELAÇÕES ASSOCIADAS AOS PADRÕES DE USO E OCUPAÇÃO DA TERRA DA REGIÃO URNANA CENTRO EM JUIZ DE FORA - MG
Authors: Assis Débora Couto , Ferreira Cassia Castro Martins
Published: October 2018

Perante a atual dinâmica de urbanização que resulta no avanço de ambientes antropizados sobre o meio natural, gerando um clima essencialmente urbano o qual originam desequilíbrios que podem ser prejudiciais à saúde da população, faz-se necessário os estudos que avaliem as condições deste ambiente modificado, além da investigação dos responsáveis por estas alterações. Diante deste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar padrões e processos relacionados ao uso-ocupação da terra, à vegetação, aos fatores climáticos e ao crescimento e adensamento urbano, enquanto contribuição para o conforto térmico na região central de Juiz de Fora – MG, através do tratamento dos dados secundários e coletados em campo, por meio de ferramentas de geoprocessamento. Como resultado constatou-se diferentes sensações térmicas dentro da região urbana do centro, revelando zonas que apresentam-se desconfortáveis à população, devido aos baixos índices de temperatura efetiva verificados, ou seja, sensação de frio, revelando a função da vegetação e os corpos hídricos na diminuição das temperaturas.
JATOS DE BAIXOS NÍVEIS A LESTE DOS ANDES: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE DUAS REANÁLISES
Authors: Santos Diego Felipe dos , Reboita Michelle Simões
Published: October 2018

Este estudo mostra uma comparação da climatologia do jato de baixos níveis (JBN) a leste dos Andes obtida com a reanálise 1 do NCEP-NCAR (resolução horizontal de 2,5º) e a reanálise ERA-Interim do ECMWF (resolução horizontal de 0,75º) no período de 2001 a 2015. Os JBN foram identificados com o critério 1 de Bonner. O estudo enfoca 8 localidades que estão na trajetória do JBN. Em Santa Cruz, Mariscal, Foz do Iguaçu e Trinidad; há respectivamente, cerca de 94,06%, 50,72%, 21,83% e 96,30% menos registros de jatos no NCEP-NCAR do que na ERA-Interim. A reanálise do NCEP-NCAR registra maior ocorrência de JBN nas cidades localizadas em latitudes mais tropicais (Cojiba, Trindad, Santa Cruz e Robore) no verão, enquanto nas situadas mais nos subtrópicos (Mariscal, Assunção, Curitiba e Foz do Iguaçu), no inverno. Já a reanálise ERA-Interim discorda nas cidades de Santa Cruz e Robore, pois segundo essa reanálise os resultados indicam maior frequência de JBN no inverno. Em geral, ambas as reanálises indicam que os JBNs ocorrem majoritariamente entre 06 e 12 UTC. Por fim, com relação à variabilidade interanual, os JBNs tendem a possuir maior frequência em anos de El Niño.
VARIABILIDADE HORÁRIA E INTENSIDADE SAZONAL DA PRECIPITAÇÃO NO MUNICÍPIO DE HUMAITÁ–AM
Authors: Pedreira Junior Altemar Lopes , Querino Carlos Alexandre Santos , Querino Juliane Kayse Albuquerque da Silva , Dos Santos Luiz Octavio Fabrício , Moura Aryanne Resende de Melo , Machado Nadja Gomes , Biudes Marcelo Sacardi
Published: October 2018

O município de Humaitá, no sul do Estado do Amazonas, apresenta uma notável taxa de crescimento populacional, o que favorece o desmatamento e, consequentemente, afeta o regime pluviométrico regional. Estudos sobre precipitação na região amazônica são baseados em dados espacial, mensais ou anuais das chuvas. Então, esse trabalho objetivou estudar a frequência relativa horária e a intensidade da precipitação no município de Humaitá-AM. Os dados de precipitação horária foram coletados na estação meteorológica do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia INMET, localizada no Instituto Federal do Amazonas - IFAM (7.55º S e 63.07º W e 54 m). Foi feita a somatória de todos os horários em que houve ocorrências de precipitação registrada pela estação meteorológica no período de julho de 2012 até julho de 2017. A frequência relativa e a variabilidade horária média sazonal foram calculadas pelo método proposto por SPIEGEL. Verificou-se que durante a estação de outono as chuvas são frequentes no período da manhã (03:00hs e 06:00hs), com picos secundários no início da tarde (14:00hs) e mínimas entre 09:00hs e 13:00hs. No inverno às máximas se concentram à tarde (15:00hs e 16:00hs) e mínimas (03:00hs e 04:00hs). Na primavera esses eventos são comuns no decorrer da tarde e parte da noite (14:00hs, 16:00hs e 20:00hs), e são menos constantes entre 10:00hs e 12:00hs. Na estação de verão as chuvas se concentram entre 01:00h e 07:00hs, com pico máximo as 04:00hs e mínima (12:00hs). Notou-se ainda que no período chuvoso foram registradas máximas (06:00hs e 07:00hs), e mínimas (10:00hs e 12:00hs). No período seco as chuvas predominam (06:00hs e 08:00hs) e mínimas (09:00hs, 12:00hs e 16:00hs). A intensidade das chuvas entre as estações do ano é, na maioria, classificada como fraca, seguido por eventos de categoria moderada e forte. Verificou-se que eventos com intensidade muito forte ocorreram apenas durante a estação da primavera. Por fim, a precipitação demonstrou ser mais comum durante a manhã no outono e verão e mais frequentes no período da tarde na primavera e inverno.
“Unscrupulous adventurers who are domiciled in ‘the land of the Almighty Dollar’”? The Migration of Irish-Born Soccer Players to the American Soccer League, 1921–31
Authors: Curran Conor
Published: October 2018

This article examines the migration of Irish-born footballers to the American Soccer League (ASL), which in the 1920s emerged briefly as an alternative professional career path for some players rather than Britain’s soccer leagues. Players were attracted by higher wages, and a number of ASL clubs used agents and managers to entice Irish players or simply sent telegrams and letters. Despite the political conflict in Ireland in the early 1920s, recruitment of Irish-born players remained low in comparison with that of Scottish footballers and did not begin to become more prominent until the latter half of the decade. It was assisted by Irish players with experience of the ASL and the efforts of a club intent on developing a distinct Irish identity, Philadelphia Celtic. Irish soccer authorities’ and clubs’ attitudes to these migrants varied, and the majority of players returned to Ireland.