bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Multiple Mycotoxins in the Qatari Population and Their Relation to Markers of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Al-Jaal Belqes , Latiff Aishah , Salama Sofia , Hussain Huda Mohamed , Al-Thani Noora Abdulaziz , Al-Naimi Noor , Al-Qasmi Noof , Horvatovich Peter , Jaganjac Morana
Published: April 2021

Mycotoxins are naturally occurring food toxins worldwide that can cause serious health effects. The measurement of mycotoxin biomarkers in biological fluids is needed to assess individuals’ exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of mycotoxins in the Qatari population. Serum samples from 412 adults and urinary samples from 559 adults were analyzed for the presence of mycotoxin biomarkers. Multimycotoxin approaches have been applied, using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry methods. Samples were further analyzed for the oxidative stress markers and compared with regard to the incidence of mycotoxins. The presence of mycotoxins was identified in 37% of serum samples and in less than 20% of urine samples. It was found that 88% of positive of the samples were positive for only one mycotoxin, while 12% of positive samples had two or more mycotoxins. Trichothecenes and zearalenone metabolites were most commonly detected mycotoxins, followed by aflatoxins, roquefortine C and mycophenolic acid. The presence of mycotoxins was found to positively correlate with oxidative stress markers. The obtained results illustrate the importance of mycotoxin biomonitoring studies in humans and the need to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of mycotoxin-induced toxicity.
The Quantization of Gravity: Quantization of the Hamilton Equations
Authors: Gerhardt Claus
Published: April 2021

We quantize the Hamilton equations instead of the Hamilton condition. The resulting equation has the simple form −Δu=0 in a fiber bundle, where the Laplacian is the Laplacian of the Wheeler–DeWitt metric provided n≠4. Using then separation of variables, the solutions u can be expressed as products of temporal and spatial eigenfunctions, where the spatial eigenfunctions are eigenfunctions of the Laplacian in the symmetric space SL(n,R)/SO(n). Since one can define a Schwartz space and tempered distributions in SL(n,R)/SO(n) as well as a Fourier transform, Fourier quantization can be applied such that the spatial eigenfunctions are transformed to Dirac measures and the spatial Laplacian to a multiplication operator.
Rhinovirus and Cell Death
Authors: Kerr Shannic-Le , Mathew Cynthia , Ghildyal Reena
Published: April 2021

Rhinoviruses (RVs) are the etiological agents of upper respiratory tract infections, particularly the common cold. Infections in the lower respiratory tract is shown to cause severe disease and exacerbations in asthma and COPD patients. Viruses being obligate parasites, hijack host cell pathways such as programmed cell death to suppress host antiviral responses and prolong viral replication and propagation. RVs are non-enveloped positive sense RNA viruses with a lifecycle fully contained within the cytoplasm. Despite decades of study, the details of how RVs exit the infected cell are still unclear. There are some diverse studies that suggest a possible role for programmed cell death. In this review, we aimed to consolidate current literature on the impact of RVs on cell death to inform future research on the topic. We searched peer reviewed English language literature in the past 21 years for studies on the interaction with and modulation of cell death pathways by RVs, placing it in the context of the broader knowledge of these interconnected pathways from other systems. Our review strongly suggests a role for necroptosis and/or autophagy in RV release, with the caveat that all the literature is based on RV-A and RV-B strains, with no studies to date examining the interaction of RV-C strains with cell death pathways.
Inferring the Association between the Risk of COVID-19 Case Fatality and N501Y Substitution in SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zhao Shi , Lou Jingzhi , Chong Marc K. C. , Cao Lirong , Zheng Hong , Chen Zigui , Chan Renee W. Y. , Zee Benny C. Y. , Chan Paul K. S. , Wang Maggie H.
Published: April 2021

As COVID-19 is posing a serious threat to global health, the emerging mutation in SARS-CoV-2 genomes, for example, N501Y substitution, is one of the major challenges against control of the pandemic. Characterizing the relationship between mutation activities and the risk of severe clinical outcomes is of public health importance for informing the healthcare decision-making process. Using a likelihood-based approach, we developed a statistical framework to reconstruct a time-varying and variant-specific case fatality ratio (CFR), and to estimate changes in CFR associated with a single mutation empirically. For illustration, the statistical framework is implemented to the COVID-19 surveillance data in the United Kingdom (UK). The reconstructed instantaneous CFR gradually increased from 1.0% in September to 2.2% in November 2020 and stabilized at this level thereafter, which monitors the mortality risk of COVID-19 on a real-time basis. We identified a link between the SARS-CoV-2 mutation activity at molecular scale and COVID-19 mortality risk at population scale, and found that the 501Y variants may slightly but not significantly increase 18% of fatality risk than the preceding 501N variants. We found no statistically significant evidence of change in COVID-19 mortality risk associated with 501Y variants, and highlighted the real-time estimating potentials of the modelling framework.
A Review on Rainfall Data Resolution and Its Role in the Hydrological Practice
Authors: Morbidelli Renato , Saltalippi Carla , Dari Jacopo , Flammini Alessia
Published: April 2021

Data collected by gauges represent a fundamental force in most hydrological studies. On the basis of sensor type and recording system, such records are characterized by different aggregation time, ta. In this review paper, a comprehensive rainfall database of rain gauge networks operative worldwide is used to determine the temporal evolution of ta. As a second step, issues related to the limited and heterogeneous temporal resolution of rainfall data are discussed with regard to avoiding possible errors in the analysis of historical series. Particular attention is focused on quantifying the effects on the estimation of extreme rainfalls that play a crucial role in designing hydraulic structures. To this aim, algebraic relations for improving a correct determination of extreme rainfall are also provided.
Spatial and Temporal Shifts in Historic and Future Temperature and Precipitation Patterns Related to Snow Accumulation and Melt Regimes in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Newton Brandi W. , Farjad Babak , Orwin John F.
Published: April 2021

Shifts in winter temperature and precipitation patterns can profoundly affect snow accumulation and melt regimes. These shifts have varying impacts on local to large-scale hydro-ecological systems and freshwater distribution, especially in cold regions with high hydroclimatic heterogeneity. We evaluate winter climate changes in the six ecozones (Mountains, Foothills, Prairie, Parkland, Boreal, and Taiga) in Alberta, Canada, and identify regions of elevated susceptibility to change. Evaluation of historic trends and future changes in winter climate use high-resolution (~10 km) gridded data for 1950–2017 and projections for the 2050s (2041–2070) and 2080s (2071–2100) under medium (RCP 4.5) and high (RCP 8.5) emissions scenarios. Results indicate continued declines in winter duration and earlier onset of spring above-freezing temperatures from historic through future periods, with greater changes in Prairie and Mountain ecozones, and extremely short or nonexistent winter durations in future climatologies. Decreases in November–April precipitation and a shift from snow to rain dominate the historic period. Future scenarios suggest winter precipitation increases are expected to predominantly fall as rain. Additionally, shifts in precipitation distributions are likely to lead to historically-rare, high-precipitation extreme events becoming more common. This study increases our understanding of historic trends and projected future change effects on winter snowpack-related climate and can be used inform adaptive water resource management strategies.
La justice climatique et l’Accord de Paris sur le climat
Authors: Michelot Agnès
Published: April 2021

L’Accord de Paris introduit pour la première fois dans un texte à vocation universelle la notion de justice climatique. Cette reconnaissance est cependant très circonscrite par la formulation qui lui est donnée. Le Préambule « note » que la justice climatique est reconnue par « certaines cultures » . S’agit-il donc vraiment de reconnaître les enjeux de la justice climatique tels qu’ils ont été portés dans les discours politiques en particulier au moment de l’ouverture de la COP21 ou au contraire de les évacuer en vidant la justice climatique de toute portée conceptuelle universelle ? Au vu de cette incertitude, il s’avère d’autant plus important d’analyser les résultats de l’accord par rapport à des grilles de lecture plus en phase avec les revendications des différents groupes et coalitions qui ont influencé les négociations.
Pulsed Microfluid Force-Based On-Chip Modular Fabrication for Liver Lobule-Like 3D Cellular Models
Authors: Cui J. , Wang H. P. , Shi Q. , Sun T.
Published: April 2021

In vitro three-dimensional (3D) cellular models with native tissue-like architectures and functions have potential as alternatives to human tissues in regenerative medicine and drug discovery. However, it is difficult to replicate liver constructs that mimic in vivo microenvironments using current approaches in tissue engineering because of the vessel-embedded 3D structure and complex cell distribution of the liver. This paper reports a pulsed microflow-based on-chip 3D assembly method to construct 3D liver lobule-like models that replicate the spatial structure and functions of the liver lobule. The heterogeneous cell-laden assembly units with hierarchical cell distribution are fabricated through multistep photopatterning of different cell-laden hydrogels. Through fluid force interaction by pulsed microflow, the hierarchical assembly units are driven to a stack, layer by layer, and thus spatially assemble into 3D cellular models in the closed liquid chamber of the assembly chip. The 3D models with liver lobule-like hexagonal morphology and radial cell distribution allow the dynamic perfusion culture to maintain high cell viability and functional expression during long-term culture in vitro. These results demonstrate that the fabricated 3D liver lobule-like models are promising for drug testing and the study of individual diagnoses and treatments.
Impact of ESG Rating of Companies on the Portfolio Performance
Authors: Samyukth Ramkumar
Published: April 2021

Socially responsible investing is becoming more popular among people because people are becoming more concerned about the environment and society. Socially responsible investors screen the company by considering the ESG factors. The question raced is whether socially responsible investing improves the portfolio performance and how the funds perform during uncertain times like the Covid-19 pandemic. Since many critics of ESG funds say that the ESG funds’ performance highly depends on Software and Service company stocks, so the relevance of Software and Service companies in the fund has been analyzed in this research. The portfolios have been formed by using the Markowitz mean-variance portfolio model, and the performance of the minimum variance portfolio has been studied. The fund performance has been analyzed using the Sharpe ratio, and the result concludes that the ESG fund performance with minimum variance has an abnormally high Sharpe Ratio of 10.8. A similar type of performance was identified during the Covid-19 pandemic. The abnormally high Sharpe ratio will encourage investors to move towards socially responsible investing.
Estudio de la eficiencia instantánea térmica de un campo de colectores cilíndrico parabólico
Authors: Franco-Martínez David , Ramírez-Silva Pablo
Published: April 2021

The aim of this article is to present the results of the study of the instantaneous thermal efficiency of a field of parabolic cylindrical collectors, which will feed saturated steam to a micro turbine of 5 kw of power, taking into account that the average radiation in the Nezahualcoyotl state of Mexico is 650 w / m2, the set has four concentrators, each parabolic cylindrical concentrator (CCP) is 2 m long and 1.50 m wide, with an opening angle of 90° and a concentration ratio of 5 , super polished aluminum with a reflectance factor of 0.87 was used to build a simple Rankine cycle. In addition, an electronic system has been designed and built that has the ability to follow autonomously, the tracking system works without the use of photosensitive sensors to avoid conflicts with the surrounding context and that is of an accessible cost. According to the results of the tests applied, the overall efficiency of the solar collector field was around 70%, and the concentrators group generated thermal energy, close to 7 kW thermal saturated steam, required by the steam micro turbine.
Simulación del comportamiento térmico en exteriores urbanos correlacionando las variables de calor antropogénico vehicular y orientación
Authors: Grajeda-Rosado Ruth María , Alonso-Guzman Elia Mercedes , Escobar-Del Pozo Carlos , Esparza-Lopez Carlos Javier
Published: April 2021

The complexity of the urban environment and its undeniable connection with the energy balance equation opens the doors for researchers to understand phenomena such as the Urban Heat Island (UHI). The least studied factor of the UHI is vehicular anthropogenic heat. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, the aim is to understand the thermal environment within an urban canyon, based on two variables, the heat produced by the vehicle combustion engine and the orientation of the street (North - South and East -West). The analysis of the correlation of these variables is based on the information obtained from the simulation in different height strata, considering constant values such as direct radiation, diffuse radiation, emissivity and absorptivity of materials and a fixed temperature for the bonnet or hood of the car, altering the number of automotive vehicles and the orientation to examine the different patterns of the thermal profiles. The research opens the way to understand this phenomenon and be considered in simulations for the energy efficiency of buildings, since it directly impacts the facades of buildings and the determination of passive and active cooling techniques.
Determinasi Praktik Penghindaran Pajak: Studi Pada Perusahaan Terkategori Jakarta Islamic Index
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Palopo, Ramadhan Abid
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to examine the effect of growth sales and company profits on tax avoidance practices in companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index in period of 2015-2019. The method in this research uses a quantitative approach. Population and sample come from the annual reports of companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic index with the sample criteria that have been determined using the purposive sampling method. Data analysis using multiple linear regression. The proxy for tax avoidance practice uses the effective tax rate. The analysis results showed that the sales growth variable does not affect tax avoidance. It is caused by decreased sales growth and makes company profits. Also, the company decrease does not need to do tax avoidance. Meanwhile, company profit affects tax avoidance. It indicates that the high profit of the company will make management carry out careful tax planning. In the end, it will produce an optimal tax that will be distributed to the state.
ARCH and GARCH Models on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka, Budiandru Budiandru
Published: April 2021

Investments in Islamic stocks are in demand because of the profit-sharing system so that the company is more stable in facing uncertain global economic conditions. This study aims to analyze the volatility of the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index and the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index's potential in the future. We use daily data from 2012 to 2020 and the Autoregressive Conditionally Heteroscedasticity-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH-GARCH) method. The results show that the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index's volatility is influenced by the risk of the two previous periods and the return volatility in the previous period. Potential Indonesian Sharia Stock Index tends to fluctuate in return by an average of 3 percent.
Developing Performance Measurement Model of Mosques
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang, Khabibah Umi , Agriyanto Ratno ,   Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang, Farida Dessy Noor ,   Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang
Published: April 2021

The main objective of this research is to find the performance measurement model of mosques in Ngaliyan District. The performance measurement model is adopted from the performance measurement model for organizations profit. This study uses mosque resources, management processes, and mosque performance as research variables. Mosque resources are grouped into mosque management resources (ta'mir), financial resources, and mosque facilities. Process management consists of stewardship management, financial management, and planning management. while the mosque's performance is shown through the implementation of religious activities and religious social services. The survey is limited to jami’ mosques in Ngaliyan District which are listed in SIMAS-Kemenag RI (Mosque Information System of Ministry of Religious Affairs of Republic of Indonesia) 2019. By purposive sampling, there are 36 valid samples for the analysis. Path analysis was applied to analyse the data. The results of this research using quantitative method showed that were significant influences between resource and mosque performance with management processes as the mediating variables. The findings from this study will be useful for mosque stakeholders such as mosque administrators, donors, congregations, and religious authorities who are directly affected by mosque performance.
Pulsed sputtering growth of heavily Si-doped GaN (20

2̄

1) for tunneling junction contacts on semipolar InGaN (20

2̄

1) LEDs
Authors: Morikawa Soichiro , Ueno Kohei , Kobayashi Atsushi , Fujioka Hiroshi
Published: April 2021

We report the in-plane anisotropic conductivity of heavily Si-doped GaN (20

2

̄

1) prepared by pulsed sputtering deposition and its application to tunneling junction (TJ) contacts on InGaN (20

2

̄

1) LEDs. Si-doped GaN (20

2

̄

1) yielded a high electron mobility of 109 cm2 V−1 s−1 even at an electron concentration of 1.1 × 1020 cm−3. The average difference in the in-plane electron mobility along the [

1

̄

014] and [1

2

̄

10] directions was small (approximately 9.7%) because of the low stacking fault density. The heavily Si-doped GaN (20

2

̄

1) worked as a uniform current spreading layer and hole injection layer through the TJ on InGaN (20

2

̄

1) LEDs.
Gambaran kompetensi Widyaiswara dalam mengelola pembelajaran di Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kesejahteraan Sosial Kementerian Sosial
Authors:   Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kesejahteraan Sosial Kementerian Sosial, Wuryanti Sri , Hudalil Ahmad ,   Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Daerah Provinsi Lampung, Nugrahaeni Ika ,   Balai Besar Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kesejahteraan Sosial (BBPPKS) Padang
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This research aimed to describe the Competence of Lecturers in Managing Learning at the Social Welfare Education and Training Center of the Ministry of Social Affairs. Research methodology: This research was a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data sources were determined by snowball sampling, where the data analysis procedure used was an interactive model from Miles & Huberman. Results: The Social Welfare Training and Education Center of the Ministry of Social Affairs has implemented learning management competencies as abilities that Widyaiswara must have in planning, compiling, implementing, and evaluating learning concerning Widyaiswara Competency Standards. Limitations: This study has two limitations; 1) It only researched one Widyaiswara competence, namely learning management and not using the substance, personality, and social competencies; 2) Informants only come from the Ministry of Social Welfare Education and Training Center and have not included informants from the Social Welfare Education and Training Center in each region. Contribution: The study's findings are intended to be used to make suggestions to institutions, policymakers and interested parties so that improvements can be made to the implementation of the Education and Training at the Social Welfare Education and Training Center of the Ministry of Social Affairs Keywords: Learning management competence, Widyaiswara competence, Social welfare education, Ministry of Social Affairs
Online decision making and path planning framework for safe operation of unmanned aerial vehicles in urban scenarios
Authors: Qui˜nones-Grueiro Marcos , Biswas Gautam , Ahmed Ibrahim , Darrah Timothy , Kulkarni Chetan
Published: April 2021

As the potential for deploying low-flying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in urban spaces increases, ensuring their safe operations is becoming a major concern. Given the uncertainties in their operational environments caused by wind gusts, degraded state of health, and probability of collision with static and dynamic objects, it becomes imperative to develop online decision-making schemes to ensure safe flights. In this paper, we propose an online decision-making framework that takes into account the state of health of the UAV, the environmental conditions, and the obstacle map to assess the probability of mission failure and re-plan accordingly. The online re-planning strategy considers two situations: (1) updating the current trajectory to reduce the probability of collision; and (2) defining a new trajectory to find a new safe landing spot, if continued flight would result in risk values above a pre-specified threshold. The re-planning routine uses the differential evolution optimization method and takes into account the dynamics of the UAV and its components as well as the environmental wind conditions. The new trajectory generation routine combines probabilistic road-maps with B-spline smoothing to ensure a dynamically feasible trajectory. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by running UAV flight simulation experiments in urban scenarios.
PERSISTENT APICAL PERIODONTITIS AFTER ENDODONTIC TREATMENT: SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Robledo Juan G. , Rodriguez Pablo A.
Published: April 2021

The high success of endodontic therapy for apical periodontitis treatment is well known. However, studies
showed that between 20% to 60% of treated teeth in the population present with apical periodontitis after
root canal therapy. When viable, non-surgical retreatment is the rst option while endodontic surgery should be the last resource
for elimination of the disease. The aim of this case report is emphasize the potentiality of the successful outcome of surgical
endodontic treatment following failed non-surgical treatment of a second maxillary premolar and rst maxillary molar
COVID-19 y finanzas públicas
Authors: Duran Cabre Jose M , Esteller Moré Alejandro
Published: April 2021

La COVID-19 ha supuesto un golpe tremendo en nuestra sociedad, en pérdida de vidas humanas, pero también en su impacto sobre la actividad económica. El sector público español ha ejercido su papel contracíclico, aumentando el nivel de gasto y viendo reducidos sus ingresos, lo que ha provocado un incremento sobresaliente de su nivel de déficit y de endeudamiento. En el corto plazo, no ha sido a costa de erosionar la credibilidad financiera de las cuentas públicas, pero ello no quita que, en el medio plazo, o incluso en el corto, España deba llevar a cabo por el lado del ingreso acciones oportunas para lograr un estado sostenible de las cuentas públicas.
СВЯЗЬ МЕЖДУ КОЭФФИЦИЕНТОМ ПОВЕРХНОСТНОГО НАТЯЖЕНИЯ И ЧАСТОТОЙ КОЛЕБАНИЙ КАПЛИ ЖИДКОСТИ
Authors: Яндарбиев Ш.М.
Published: April 2021

В статье проводится анализ колебательного движения выведенной из равновесной формы капли жидкости, находящейся в состоянии невесомости или свободного падения. С помощью формализма сферических функций определяются конкретные моды колебаний и соответствующие им собственные частоты. Показано, что частоты зависят от коэффициента σ и массы (объема) капли жидкости. Такая однозначная зависимость между частотами мультипольных колебаний и коэффициентом σ для колеблющейся капли жидкости делает возможным определение коэффициента поверхностного натяжения в технически и методически простых опытах. Показательной является также чувствительность такой методики к температурной зависимости коэффициента σ.
Моделювання та алгоритми обробки інформації супутникового адаптивного надпровідного гравіметра.
Authors: Наливайчук М. , Шолохов O.
Published: April 2021

Обґрунтовані принципи створення перспективного супутникового гравіметра, придатного для отримання оперативної інформації щодо гравітаційного поля. Розроблено математичні моделі динаміки та стійкості керованого надпровідного підвісу. Побудовано чисельні алгоритми оцінювання величини гравітаційного збурення, що впливає на левітаційне пробне тіло. Обґрунтовано технологію створення макету супутникового гравіметра на основі високотемпературних надпровідних наноплівок.
Новый подход к оценке потери мощности электроэнергетической системы с применением Z-матрицы
Authors: Аракелян В.
Published: April 2021

Вступительное слово о теме исследования: При исследовании режимов электроэнергетических систем различают параметры режима и схемы. Параметры схемы относятся к обобщенным параметрам сети. Узловая Z-матрица собственных и взаимных комплексных сопротивлений представляет собой матрицу обобщенных параметров. Параметры схемы системы делятся на активные и пассивные. Пассивные параметры - это продольные и поперечные параметры. Одним из важных технико- экономических показателей электрической системы является потери мощности. При исследовании режимов системы необходимо учитывать влияние продольных и поперечных пассивных параметров схемы на значения потерь. Цель научного исследования: Оценка потерь мощности в электроэнергетической системе с помощью Z-матрицы. Рассчитать потери, оценить изменение потерь активной и реактивной мощности обусловленный продольными и поперечными пассивными параметрами ,схемы системы. Описание научной и практической значимости работы: Научная ценность работы: Введен новый подход к оценке потерь мощности, основанный на новых формулах расчета коэффициентов потерь, применении Z-матрицы обобщенных параметров. Практическая значимость: обеспечивает универсальность для расчета, анализа и оценки потерь мощности в питающих электрических сетях. Описание методологии исследования: Учитывая разные виды моделирования линии электропередач современных электроэнергетических систем, сложность сетевых схем, теорию матриц, численные методы решения уравнений режима системы, коэффициенты потерь - B, с помощью Z-матрицы была получена новая формула для расчета, оценки и структурования потерь мощности. Основные результаты, выводы исследовательской работы: Исследование проводилось на макромодели электроэнергетической системы Армении. Анализ показывает, что  предложенные формулы применимы к питающим электрическим сетям. Оцениваются изменение собственных активных и реактивных сопротивлений Z-матрицы , взаимных активных и реактивных сопротивлений Z-матрицы, изменение коэффициентов потерь мощности обусловленный поперечными пассивными параметрами схемы системы. Ценность проведенного исследования (какой вклад данной работы в соответствующую отрасль знаний): Предложенный подход расширяет область применения обобщенных параметров при расчетах и анализе потерь мощности. Практическое значение итогов работы: Полученные новые формулы потерь мощностей позволяют комплексно проанализировать структуру потерь, выявить очаги, разработать организационно-технические меры по их снижению
Принципи формування електронного архіву даних як основи для здійснення інформаційно-пошукового запиту.
Authors: Лук’янюк С.
Published: April 2021

Розкрито принципи формування електронного архіву даних як основи для здійснення інформаційно-пошукового запиту. Визначено поняття електронного архіву даних, електронний архів документів це багатогранна система, призначена для зберігання електронних документів у будь-якому форматі в залежності від їх призначення і вимог користувачів. Підкреслено, що система архівації електронних документів дозволяє класифікувати документи за типами та видами залежно від їх призначення і затребуваності, а також проводити релевантний пошук документів за ключовими словами, реквізитами та іншими параметрами. Наголошується, що формування електронного архіву даних як основи для здійснення інформаційно-пошукового запиту умовно можна розбити на кілька етапів: визначення масиву документації, яка підлягає розміщенню в електронному архіві; оцифровка документів; структурування електронних документів на основі різного роду критеріїв; розробка регламентів роботи; визначення рівнів доступу співробітників до документів для їх перегляду або редагування і забезпечення безпеки. Наведено структурну схему цифрового архіву та схему реалізації інформаційно-пошукового запиту на базі електронного архіву даних. Описано стадії наповнення електронного архіву документів та обґрунтовано способи наповнення. Запропоновано алгоритм реалізації інформаційно-пошукового запиту на базі електронного архіву та проаналізовано моделі інформаційно-пошукового запиту на базі електронного архіву даних з відокремленням їх переваг та недоліків, що представлені у вигляді порівняльної таблиці. Зазначено, що практичний аспект реалізації інформаційно-пошукового запиту на базі електронного архіву даних ґрунтується на наборі термінів, що представляють собою окремі слова або словосполучення, а математична складова відображення електронного документу являє побою покриття аналізу частин (фрагментів) документу, де кожному окремому фрагменту співвідноситься набір даних.
Мінімаксний підхід в машинному навчанні: сучасний стан та перспективи розвитку.
Authors: Марценюк В. , Андрущак І. , Мілян Н.
Published: April 2021

В статті представлено з.начення машинного навчання у сучасному світі. Звернуто особливу увагу на використання алгоритмів машинного навчання в медицині, зокрема використання різноманітних моделей, починаючи від регресії, SVM, випадкових лісів для контрольованого навчання та PCA для неконтрольованого. Підкреслюються основні невизначеності та завдання машинного навчання, що виникають у основних медичних додатках (діагностика, лікування та профілактика). Математично описано проблеми машинного навчання в медичних дослідженнях. Оптимізація є важливою частиною машинного навчання. Основна увага приділена мінімаксному підходу у машинному навчанні. Розглянуто ряд мінімаксних підходів таких, як: Minimax Probability Machine (MPM), Generalized Hidden-Mapping Minimax Probability Machine (GHM-MPM), Minimum Error Minimax Probability Machine (MEMPM), парна мінімаксна ймовірність екстремального нахилу машини (TMPELM), машина подвійної мінімаксної ймовірності (TWMPM) та деякі інші.
The outcome of postoperative paresthesia of inferior alveolar nerve after surgical removal of mandibular third molar using Orthopantomogram (OPG) versus Cone-beam CT
Authors: Sajid Ali Hassan
Published: April 2021

Background: Periapical and Orthopantomogram (OPG) are the most commonly used radiographs for assessment of the relationship of lower 3rd molar roots with the inferior alveolar canal. Panoramic radiographs provide inadequate information of the buccolingual relationship between the roots of the 3rd molar & mandibular canal being two-dimensional (2D) in nature. To verify the relationship in three (3D) dimensions and to make a predictable treatment plan, traditional investigations may be supplemented by using CBCT. Cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) is an office-based radiography technique used to assess the three-dimensional relationship of lower 3rd molar roots with inferior alveolar nerve.

Patients and methods: This comparative-cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fatima Memorial Hospital (FMH), Lahore from 1st January 2019 till 30th June 2019. A total of 124 patients requiring removal of lower wisdom tooth were enrolled and then divided into two groups (62 in each) randomly. OPG was used for diagnosis of impacted lower 3rd molars in Group A patients while CBCT for diagnosis in Group B patients. A self-designed Performa was used to collect the data and final information was collected after 3 months of follow-up. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20. A chi-square test was used to compare the postoperative paraesthesia between the OPG group and CBCT group patients. A p-value <0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: The occurrence of postoperative paresthesia between the two groups is significantly different; being a low percentage in the CBCT group at 2nd, 7th day and after 3 months follow-up visits with a p-value of 0.019, 0.019, and 0.005 respectively. On 3 months follow up, the distribution of paraesthesia between the two groups is significantly different; 20 patients (32.25%) in OPG group A and those of 7 (11.29%) in CBCT group B experienced paresthesia with a p-value of 0.005.

Conclusion: It is better to use CBCT to improve the postoperative paraesthesia for lower third molar surgical extraction.
Comparison of visual acuity and post-operative inflammation in phacoemulsification and removal of silicone oil with and without injection of Enoxaparin Sodium (40mg/0.04ml)
Authors: Buksh Hasnain Muhammad , Khaqan Hussain Ahmad , Imtiaz Usman , Rehman Ateeq Ur , Afzal Mehreen , Naz Raheela
Published: April 2021

Background: Phacoemulsification and removal of silicone oil (ROSO) is a combined, frequently done procedure in retina theatre. A common problem in this procedure is the post inflammation that affects the recovery of the patients. Thus to counter this post-operative inflammation, the study has used Enoxaparin Sodium (an anti-inflammatory enoxaparin) to counter the post-operative inflammation in phacoemulsification and ROSO.

Patients and methods: Prospective interventional study done at Ophthalmology Department, Lahore General Hospital, included 60 patients which were operated and observed for results over a period of 3 months. Total 60 patients were randomly allocated in two groups, Group A and B. Both groups underwent phacoemulsification and ROSO. Group A had Enoxaparin Sodium, admixed in infusion bottles with a dosage of 40mg/0.04ml while Group B was operated without Enoxaparin Sodium. Patients were examined on slit lamp on the 1st day after the surgery then on the 7th day and every month for 3 months for post-operative inflammation and visual recovery. The effectiveness of the procedure was defined by the comparison of post-operative inflammation as well as speedy recovery of sight.

Results: Total 60 patients were randomly allocated in two groups. Group A had 30 patients, 23 males and 7 females, with mean age of 49.43 years. Group B included 30 patients, 19 males and 11 females, with mean age of 47.73 years. Post-operative BCVA in Group A was above vision 6/60 (Snellen’s Chart) in 90% of cases while it improved to vision 6/36 and better in 93% of cases at 7th day while 93% of cases crossed recovery of Vision 6/18 by 3rd Month. While in Group B, Vision 6/60 was observed in 70% of cases while it improved to vision 6/36 and better in 67% of cases at 7th day while 53% of cases crossed recovery of vision 6/18 by 3rd Month. Post-operative results for inflammation of Group B showed grade 3 reaction on first day (94%) while it reduced to grade 2 reaction on 7th day in 97% of the cases. While Group A was observed with occasional activity in 25 out of 30 cases (84%) on the first day and grade 2 reaction in 5 (16%) cases. 100% cases of Group A showed occasional activity on 7th day with better visual recovery.

Conclusion: Intraoperative use of Enoxaparin Sodium helped in reducing post-operative inflammation as well as aided in better visual acuity after phacoemulsification and ROSO thus proving to be a viable enoxaparin agent to reduce post-operative reactions in these surgeries.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ ЗНАНЬ У СУДОВО-ЕКСПЕРТНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: М. М. Надіжко М. М. Надіжко
Published: April 2021

Мета статті – розкрити сутність судово-експертної діяльності в сучасних умовах, з’ясувати зміст спеціальних знань у контексті їх використання судовим експертом. Методологія. Достовірність отриманих результатів і висновків забезпечено застосуванням комплексного системного підходу до вирішення завдань дослідження. Зокрема, системно-структурним методом з’ясовано сутність досліджуваних категорій і правових явищ, їх елементно-компонентний склад; за допомогою наукової абстракції сформульовано позиції щодо змісту судово-експертної діяльності та спеціальних знань, зроблено пропозиції щодо удосконалення законодавства, зважаючи на доцільність запровадження інституту експерта в галузі права і в кримінальному процесі; логіко-аргументаційним методом проаналізовано нормативні положення за темою дослідження. Наукова новизна. Дослідницькі висновки щодо змісту і сутності судово-експертної діяльності дали змогу обґрунтувати позицію, відповідно до якої під судово-експертною діяльністю слід розуміти комплекс організаційних, процесуальних, науково-методичних та інших заходів, спрямованих на встановлення з використанням спеціальних знань у галузі науки, техніки, мистецтва та ремесла фактичних даних, що мають значення для прийняття рішень у кримінальному, цивільному, господарському, адміністративному судочинстві, а також виконавчому провадженні. Висновки. У процесі дослідження визначено співвідношення і взаємозв’язок спеціальних і загальновідомих знань; розкрито зміст спеціальних знань, якими володіє судовий експерт, як комплексного поняття; з’ясовано можливість застосування судовим експертом правових (юридичних) знань; висвітлено сутність судово-експертної діяльності, запропоновано авторське бачення її змісту.
Inside The Architecture of Closed Worlds, Or, What Is The Power of Shit?
Authors: Tipene Luke
Published: April 2021

This article reviews The Architecture of Closed Worlds, Or, What is the Power of Shit? Published in 2018, Closed Worlds is an aggregation of written and visual material covering over four years of research by its author, Lydia Kallipoliti, on the subject of closed worlds. Through combining studies in the fields of spatial design, biology and technology, Kallipoliti establishes closed worlds as a new typology of interior space that internalises architecture and the environment in a technologically dependent, synthetic naturalism. 
Based on an extended review of Kallipoliti’s multiple works on the subject, this essay unpacks the key contributions of Closed Worlds to our knowledge of sustainable design: from establishing the origin of closed worlds in the NASA space program of the 1960s; to demonstrating their adaptation to an idealised architecture of environmental resistance in the 1970s; to their contribution to absurd environmental policy in the 1980s. Using writing and drawings to demonstrate the flaws of closed worlds in the built environment, Kallipoliti establishes a platform for critical reflection on sustainability and rejects the idealisation of green thinking in design. By addressing the concept of loss in closed worlds, in the form of shit, Kallipoliti argues that uncertainty rather than sustainability has the phenomenal potential to instigate change.
Rather than rejecting the concept of, or the need for, environmentally conscious design, Closed Worlds problematises the field of existing ideas to assess the credibility of ethical claims. By using factual examples of real projects, Closed Worlds questions principles that have been institutionalised in an attempt to avoid the pitfalls of well-intentioned but ultimately misguided ideals. In the face of mounting environmental catastrophe, this book is poignant, as it advocates for the need to address complexity, rather than efficiency, by looking directly at the uncertainty of the natural environment and asking hard questions about real problems of survival.
Learning from Mars; Or, Facing our Shit
Authors: Kallipoliti Lydia , George Jestin
Published: April 2021

The intent to inhabit Mars carries many self-contradicting intentions, especially given our clear plan to extract Martian resources, domesticate the planet, and transfer the ideological framework of establishing territory in a newly found space free from jurisdiction. To that end, research into sustaining human life on Mars is highly problematic. Interplanetary habitation is arguably an escape from Earth. The latent narrative is defeat; that is succumbing to the climate crisis, while making alternative plans for a selected privileged population. Nevertheless, research into life on Mars forces us to face our shit on Earth, where resources for sustaining all forms of life have been abundant. Not until recently have we been mandated to consider their finite worth or replacement, or deal with the excessive waste we generate as a by-product of our daily production processes. On Mars, where every resource for sustaining life is precious and rare within a fully enclosed life support, waste becomes integral to our survival. This view from afar, in the words of Claude Levi Strauss, changes our viewpoint on how to retain and recycle waste. Arguably, it is not only insightful for Mars-based habitats, but also for helping in altering daily patterns of dealing with waste and the climate crisis on Earth. 
This article presents LIFE ON MARS, a research-design project investigating closed-loop life-support living systems for Mars as giant living machines of ingestion and excretion. It is neither a complete project, nor a ‘solution’ to extra-terrestrial inhabitation. LIFE ON MARS looks at the minimum use of in-situ resources avoiding extraction, as well as the regenerative properties of Earth-based biology and our ability to engineer and tinker with resources through the field of synthetic biology. The project also brings to light emergent forms of habitation in extreme interiorisation and the problem of sustaining life in a sealed interior when the exterior world becomes prohibitive. In this format, it is presented as an inquisitive visual narrative, which raises both existential and scientific questions for further exploration.
Cascade PI-Fuzzy Based Position Optimization of Nonal Switched UPQC with DG for Power Quality Enhancement in IEEE 14 Bus System
Authors: Sukhesh H. R. , Vadivu U. Senthil
Published: April 2021

An Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC), owning the composition of shunt and series Active Power Filter (APF), has become a standard accepted solution in the area of current and voltage harmonics mitigation of a power system network. This paper furnishes a novel approach of nonal switched UPQC topology, supported with Distributed Generation (DG), aiming at the power quality enhancement and position optimization, placed at different locations in a standard IEEE 14 bus system. In addition to this, behaviour of the proposed topology is analysed using novel Cascade Proportional Integral (PI) - Fuzzy and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) as control algorithms and the outcomes are compared with the historical twelve switch UPQC topology. Simulation results of the proposal modelled in MATLAB/SIMULINK reveals the superiority of nonal switched UPQC and the optimal position of the proposed conditioner, for mitigating the harmonic issues in the standard IEEE 14 bus system.
Modelling and Motion Control of BLDC motor for Pan tilt Platform
Authors: Sarwar Imran S.
Published: April 2021

The usage of Brush-Less Direct Current (BLDC) motor has been increased in the industry especially in the field of Aerospace and electric bikes. The requirements for motion control were generated from the human eye features. The settling time and % overshoot were the desired features and design parameters. Based on desired features, values of  and ωn were found. The root-locus technique was applied to the uncompensated and compensated system, the results were not satisfactory. The % overshoot was very high, and the steady-state error was also very high. The state feedback controller was applied to the system. The % overshoot was controlled successfully but the steady-state error was still very high. To reduce the steady-state error to zero the integral control was applied. The comparison of results is presented in tabular form in the last section.
Variation in the articulation of Russian stressed vowels and the mechanics of palatalization in consonants
Authors: Cavar Małgorzata E. , Lulich Steven M.
Published: April 2021

A 3D/4D ultrasound study of Russian stressed vowels in the context of ‘soft’ (phonetically palatalized or palatal) versus ‘hard’ consonants reveals that vowels in these two contexts differ systematically in terms of the position of the tongue root while the tongue dorsum is less consistently modified depending on the speaker, vowel or consonant context. This paper proposes that the observed vowel allophony, as well as the softness contrast in Russian consonants, and the contrast between front and central high vowels, are all defined in terms of the feature [ATR].
CHALLENGES AND WAYS TO IMPROVE LOCAL DISTRICT POLICE CHIEF ACTIVITY
Authors: Валиев А.М.
Published: April 2021

Введение: статья посвящена проблемным вопросам в организации служебной деятельности участкового уполномоченного полиции и выработке предложений по их разрешению.
Материалы и методы: материальную основу исследования составили действующие нормативные правовые акты. Использовались познавательные процедуры системного анализа, комплексного подхода к рассматриваемой проблеме, формально-логические методы (анализ, синтез), а также статистический метод, включающий сбор и анализ данных об организации деятельности подразделений полиции.
Результаты исследования: автор статьи выявляет отдельные проблемные вопросы в организации
деятельности участкового уполномоченного полиции; обозначает, на его взгляд, основные причины появления обстоятельств, затрудняющих деятельность участкового уполномоченного полиции; предлагает меры по оптимизации оперативно-служебной деятельности участкового уполномоченного полиции. Обсуждение и заключения: автор делает вывод, что в целях достижения эффективной деятельности участкового уполномоченного полиции, оптимального функционирования подразделений участковых уполномоченных полиции в долгосрочной перспективе, а также повышения уровня общественного доверия к деятельности полиции требуется принятие неотложных организационно-правовых мер, стимулирующих формирование кадрового ядра в данных подразделениях, повышение
заинтересованности сотрудников в достижении высоких показателей служебной деятельности.
CERTAIN ISSUES OF ANTI-CORRUPTION IN THE STATE AUTHORITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Зорин А.В.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье рассматриваются понятие коррупции, а также актуальные проблемы существующей системы противодействия коррупции в органах публичной власти РФ.
Материалы и методы: в исследовании использованы диалектический, исторический, логический, аналитический, сравнительно-правовой, статистический и системно-структурный методы.
Результаты исследования: сформулирован ряд предложений по совершенствованию законодатель- ства, регулирующего вопросы создания и функционирования специализированных комиссий по противодействию коррупции в органах государственной власти РФ.
Обсуждение и заключение: автор пришел к выводу о необходимости применения комплексного подхода к проблеме противодействия коррупции, включая в себя прежде всего меры общесоциального характера.