bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan
Authors: Nugroho Eko , Santoso Heribertus Budi , Safi'i Imam
Published: September 2020

Indonesia's current economic development is not only approved by the manufacturing industry but also supported by the growth of the service sector. Business in the field shows very significant growth. The population in this study were MCD consumers in Kediri. the research sample of 96 consumers. The technique of collecting data uses an approved questionnaire using a validity test and a reliability test. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis techniques, this analysis is to determine the direction of the relationship between the independent variable with the dependent variable each independent variable is positively or negatively related and to predict the value of the dependent variable. The results showed the quality of products in McD Kediri which contained stress, presentation, wellcooked and various foods. From the research variables, the variables were more dominant than the presentation variable, well cooked and various foods. From the calculation of the t test 0.00 is smaller than 0.05 which means that there are significant differences Perkembangan perekonomian indonesia saat ini tidak hanya didominasi oleh industri manufaktur saja namun didorong juga dengan pertumbuhan sektor jasa. Usaha bisnis pada bidang jasa menunjukan pertumbuhan yang sangat siknifikan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen MCD kota kediri. sampel penelitian sebanyak 96 konsumen. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji dengan menggunakan uji validitas dan uji reabilitas. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis regresi linier berganda, analisis ini untuk mengetahui arah hubungan antara variabel independen dengan variabel dependen apakah masing-masing variabel independen berhubungan positif atau negatif dan untuk memprediksi nilai dari variabel dependen apabila nilai variabel independen mengalami kenaikan atau penurunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kualitas produk pada Mcd kota kediri yang meliputi fhresness, presentation, wellcooked dan variety of food. Dari hasil penelitian bahwa variabel fhresness yang lebih dominan besar pengaruhnya dibandingkan variabel presentation, wellcooked dan variety of food. Dari perhitungan uji t 0,00 lebih kecil dari 0,05 yang di artikan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan
Ley de Justicia y Paz en Colombia un acercamiento desde los medios de los comunicación
Authors: Contreras Rodríguez Nydian Yaneth
Published: September 2020

Este artículo surgió como resultado de la necesidad de reflexión y estudio sobre las implicaciones que  tuvo el Proceso Paz con los Paramilitares en Colombia y el pilar que lo sustenta, la Ley 975 de 2005 “Ley de Justicia y Paz”, analizados dentro del contexto del conflicto armado interno.  Los procesos de paz parten de la necesidad de los Estados de alcanzar mejores niveles de desarrollo humano atendiendo a los marcos normativos nacionales e internacionales en torno a la paz como derecho. Este hecho es significativo al considerar que en el siglo XX  la escalada de conflicto y violencia tuvo un impacto dramático en nuestro país. Esta investigación pretendió examinar el contexto que rodeó el desarrollo del proceso de paz, aplicando un análisis de contenido, mediante el cual se intentó hacer una descripción de la agenda temática manejada por los medios de comunicación teniendo como fuentes las publicaciones realizadas por parte de dos de los periódicos más influyentes y con mayor tradición en el país, El Tiempo y El Espectador. En ese sentido se describió la agenda mediática en donde se concluyen los temas a los que estos medios de comunicación concedieron mayor importancia y dieron mayor cobertura durante el periodo inicial de las negociaciones de paz con los grupos paramilitares, este periodo comprendió los  años 2005 a 2011, se estableció este periodo de tiempo, por ser donde se encontró mayor producción mediática sobre el tema objeto de estudio.
La incidencia del Debate Paz-Justicia en los retos que afronta la Corte Penal Internacional
Authors: Soto Cremades Melanie
Published: September 2020

La Corte Penal Internacional se encuentra en un punto de inflexión, afrontando diversos retos que ponen en tela de juicio su efectividad, legitimidad y supervivencia. La problemática derivada del caso Al-Bashir se presenta como un conflicto conceptual en esencia y jurídico-político en apariencia. Por ello, la presente investigación aborda el fondo teórico necesario para comprender y contextualizar los elementos que la conforman y las críticas esgrimidas por la Unión Africana en torno a la extensión de la obligatoriedad de las disposiciones del Estatuto de Roma a Estados no partes. Del estudio de caso se infiere la incidencia de las fórmulas del Debate Paz-Justicia en la práctica actual del sistema de justicia penal internacional, pues parecen conformar la base de la discrepancia jurídico-política entre la Unión Africana y la Corte, condicionando no solo el arresto del presidente Al-Bashir, sino la eficacia de todo el sistema de cooperación. Finalmente, las conclusiones incluyen la discrepancia conceptual en el abanico de las causas profundas de los retos que enfrenta la Corte, cuya comprensión es clave para la transformación del conflicto entre ambas instituciones, y la consecuente reinvención y/o supervivencia de la Corte Penal Internacional.
Juego de lengua(s) en los Balcanes. Serbocroata entre el recuerdo y el anhelo
Authors: Lukic Marija
Published: September 2020

Este artículo pretende desvelar la problemática sociopolítica y lingüística de la región occidental balcánica, refiriéndose territorialmente a cuatro países: Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croacia, Montenegro y Serbia (BCMS). El objetivo es mostrar el hilo de un anhelo y una lucha por la paz lingüística, como tendencia natural de estos pueblos, a través de las regulaciones de la lengua como estándar en dichos estados. Hace más de 150 años que éstos alcanzaron la unificación lingüística (que no la uniformidad), compartiendo oficialmente la denominación serbocroata o croataserbio dentro del unitarismo político estatal en la(s) Yugoslavía(s) durante el siglo XX, que luego se desintegró en cuatro idiomas nacionales (bosnio, croata, montenegrino, serbio (bcms)). Esta división “resucitó” de una manera particular en 2017 como un proyecto interestatal ciudadano, la "Declaración sobre la lengua común”, que se convirtió en el centro de las polémicas lingüístico-políticas. Presentamos un recorrido histórico de las pautas transformadoras de este conflicto utilizando las metodologías irenológicas al analizar el campo de batalla de la función simbólica versus la comunicativa de la lengua. Aludiremos al papel de la comunicación lingüística en la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas y sociales básicas como son la participación, el entendimiento y, sobre todo, la identidad nacional, cultural y lingüística.
La defensa del territorio y el agua: un bien común desde la perspectiva maseualmej, Cuetzalan del Progreso, Puebla
Authors: Rojas Omar , Fernandéz Lomelín Luis Enrique
Published: September 2020

Se analiza en este artículo el proceso de defensa del agua por parte de los maseualmej que habitan la sierra norte del estado de Puebla, ante la amenaza de la imposición de nuevas ideologías para la apropiación del territorio, sustentadas en conocimientos técnicos o económicos y, bajo la perspectiva capitalista, donde la naturaleza es considerada como un recurso natural, y al entrar al mercado, se concibe como mercancía, por lo que es sometida a la privatización, a la sobreexplotación y al despojo. El conflicto surge cuando se contraponen dos perspectivas, una, es la cosmovisión que los maseualmej tienen respecto al agua, la naturaleza y todos sus elementos, esenciales para la vida. Esta representación de su realidad, brinda identidad a su cultura, promueve la cohesión social y la capacidad de organizarse para la conservación y custodia de la biodiversidad inherente a las localidades donde ellos habitan; la otra es la tecnocrática, sustentada en el despojo y la desposesión.El enfoque metodológico utilizado para el análisis, fue el de “sistemas complejos” en conjunción con los planteamientos teóricos de Arun Agrawl. Como resultado se pudo observar que, la afiliación territorial de los maseualmej, así como sus normas compartidas, han garantizado que a pesar de que persisten múltiples intereses sobre el agua, hoy subyacen las formas de gestión por parte de las comunidades, quienes han presionado a las autoridades para aceptar de forma tácita, un ordenamiento territorial comunitario; este instrumento también ha consolidado y fortalecido técnica y administrativamente a los comités locales.
Representaciones sociales de la minería, emergentes en el conflicto socioambiental del Bajo Cauca antioqueño.
Authors: Pulido Varon Heidi Smith , Duran Nicolasa Maria
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo, expone los resultados de una investigación cualitativa, de tipo etnográfico, que abordó las representaciones sociales (R.S) de un grupo de 12 mineros del Bajo Cauca antioqueño, respecto a la minería. Se asumió desde un enfoque procesual, que permite hacer lectura de construcciones subjetivas emergentes en el marco de un conflicto socioambiental. A partir de entrevistas a profundidad, se obtuvieron categorías emergentes que sitúan las siguientes representaciones sociales: a) minería ruta hacia el desarrollo, b) minería un mal necesario y mitigables, c) minería, centro de conflicto y pugna. Estas representaciones construidas por los mineros, se permean de discursos circulantes relacionados con desarrollo sostenible y lógicas socio-económicas globales, y permiten a los mineros, operar sobre el territorio, organizarse como gremio emprender acciones de defensa territorial y menguar la amenaza que suponen las disposiciones estatales y los grupos al margen de la ley.
AGRO-ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF THE SOWN AGRO-PHYTOCOENOSIS PRODUCTIVITY IN TVER REGION CONDITIONS
Authors: Kapsamun А. D. , Antsipherova O. N. , Pavluchik Е. N. , Ivanova N. N.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of studying perennial fodder plants that are promising for introduction on the reclaimed lands of the Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation. The studies were performed at VNIIMZ - a branch of the FRC V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute (Tver region). Studies have found that the introduction of new legumes, on the basis of which the animal feeding system is based, provides the maximum amount of nutrients per unit area, the use of innovative technologies for cultivating fodder crops, improving the quality of feed, and optimizing the concentration of energy and protein in them. An analysis of data on perennial herbs studied by the phases of vegetation showed that as the plants develop, both the dry matter and crude fiber content increase from the stem phase to the beginning of flowering by 5.37% and 7.69%, respectively, and the concentration energy decreases from 10.75 to 8.95 MJ per 1 kg of dry matter, or 16.74%. The best period for harvesting herbs for legumes is budding — the beginning of flowering, cereals — going into the tube — the beginning of heading. Early harvesting leads to a large shortfall in the yield of dry mass. An analysis of the digestibility of nutrients of the green mass of crops mowed during the budding-start of flowering phase showed that the organic substance is well digested (up to 70%) and assimilated. It has been established that excessive intake of protein and diaminocarboxylic amino acids in its feed, as well as anti-nutritional substances (antitrypsin) contained in leguminous plants, does not reduce appetite and does not cause poisoning of animals. Animals consumed an average of 2.6 kg of dry matter per 100 kg of live weight. In the daily diet, 1 feed unit was accounted for: with meadow clover 136 g, with eastern goatskin - 176 g, with legume-cereal mixture - 121 g of digestible protein. In clover, meadow fiber accounted for 22.77%, and fat - 2.95%, in eastern goatskin - 22.18% and 3.85%, in legume-cereal mixture - 26.46% and 2.58%, respectively.
Factors of quality increase in protective chromium coatings on aluminum alloys obtained through pyrolytic precipitation
Authors: Petrova Larisa , Alexandrov Victor , Morshchilov Maxim
Published: September 2020

There are considered the problems of control parameter detection in the process of pyrolytic chromium coatings on aluminum alloy and the investigation of their impact upon coating structure, strengthening indices, adhesion strength, and also upon kinetics of coating growth. The investigations have shown that the method mentioned is promising for aluminum alloy surface strengthening, and also it allows obtaining chromium coatings with high hardness and thick constant possessing increased wear-resistance.
Pengaruh Teknik Ice Breaking Dalam Bimbingan Kelompok Untuk Mengurangi Kejenuhan Belajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Rosliana Rosliana
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) Mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan teknik ice breaking di Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri Sulawesi Selatan (2) Mengetahui gambaran tingkat kejenuhan belajar mahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah diberikan teknik ice breaking di Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri Sulawesi Selatan. (3) Mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh teknik ice breaking dapat mengurangi tingkat kejenuhan belajar mahasiswa di Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri Sulawesi Selatan.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksperimen (True Experimental Designs) dalam bentuk Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design.Teknik pengumpulan data melalui angket, dan observasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistic deskriptif non parametric wilcoxon signed ranks test. Sampel kelompok eksperimen 15 praja dan sampel kelompok kontrol 15 praja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pelaksanaan teknik ice breaking dalam bimbingan kelompok dilakukan melalui tahap persiapan, tahap peralihan, pelaksanaan kegiatan dan tahap pengakhiran termasuk pretest dan posttest. Pelaksanaan ice breaking,mahasiswa mengikuti dengan antusias serta aktif berpartisipasi dalam setiap permainan yang diberikan. (2)Tingkat kejenuhan belajar mahasiswa di Institut Pemerintahan dalam Negeri Sulawesi Selatan sebelum diterapkan teknik ice breaking dalam bimbingan kelompok berada pada kategori sangat tinggi,dan setelah diterapkan teknik ice breaking dalam bimbingan kelompok berada pada kategori rendah (3) Ada pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penerapan teknik ice breaking dalam bimbingan kelompok dalam mengurangi kejenuhan belajar mahasiswa di Institut Pemerintahan dalam Negeri Sulawesi Selatan. Artinya, teknik ice breaking dalam bimbingan kelompok dapat mengurangi kejenuhan belajar mahasiswa.
Competencias no profesionales de la Orientación Educativa en la Escuela Secundaria
Authors: Barahona Madero Ma. de los Ángeles
Published: September 2020

El objetivo del estudio es explorar la construcción de competencias no profesionales en orientadores escolares de nivel secundaria; el método fue mixto-contextual. El cuestionario estandarizado de Cifuentes y Palacios, (2009) permitió reconocer competencias profesionales en su práctica; los grupos de discusión de expertos y las entrevistas guiaron la comprensión de la implicación de competencias no profesionales en las prácticas cotidianas. El análisis evidencia la debilidad práctica que tienen las competencias adquiridas en los centros de formación inicial; hacia la emergencia de entender y atender la cotidianidad de la orientación escolar en la escuela secundaria.
Pemanfaatan Posyandu Bagi Lansia di Surabaya
Authors: Ramadhina Rr. Devy Twin
Published: September 2020

artikel ini berisikan tentang pemanfaatan Posyandu Lansia di kota Surabaya, Bagaimana dengan pelayanan Posyandu Lansia. artikel ini juga membahas tentang perbandingan LTC ( Long-term Care) dengan negara lain.
Reconstruction and optimized expression of a synthetic secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) gene in Escherichia coli BL21
Authors: Kamaruddin Mudyawati
Published: September 2020

An active substance that has the greatest effect on wound healing is Secretory Leukocyte ProteaseInhibitor (SLPI). It is known that the SLPI encoding genes can be isolated and expressed onamnion membrane. Previous studies, we isolated and optimized the SLPI gene throughEscherichia coli BL21 (DE3) mediated pET101/DTOPO, which expressed active recombinanthuman SLPI (rhSLPI ) stored in pET-ESLPI. However, the expression of the rhSLPI products hasnot yet been accomplished. In this study, we optimized SLPI expression by developing a syntheticSLPI gene based on amino acid sequences with codons and expressed in E. coli BL21 to give themaximum expression. We used pUC57 and pET-32a plasmids to promote the cloning of syntheticSLPI genes. A codon-optimized SLPI gene was successfully synthesized with codon adaptationindex value showing the distribution of codon usage frequency along the length of the genesequence. In addition, the pET-SLPIopt fusion protein was successfully optimized with band sizesof 5900bp (pET-32a) and 413bp (SLPI) by double-digestion of NcoI and EcoI restriction enzymes.After the pET-SLPIopt was induced with various IPTG concentrations (50, 100 and 500 uM) at30°C, both soluble and insoluble fractions were analyzed as a result of SDS-PAGE which showedthat the fusion protein, expressed predominantly in the supernatant, was 29.18 kDa. Our reportedfindings the recombinant protein of SLPI through pET-32a plasmid could be expressed indissolved form.
Neurolinguistic Research on the Romance Languages
Authors: Bambini Valentina , Canal Paolo
Published: September 2020

Chapter to be included in "The Oxford Encyclopedia of Romance Linguistics", Eds. Michele Loporcaro & Francesco Gardani, Oxford University Press, 2020. It reviews neurolinguistic research conducted on Romance languages and discusses how the literature on this language family has advanced our understanding of the neural correlates of language.
Analisis Jurnal tentang Konsep Teologi Injili Tentang Roh Orang Mati
Authors: Bua Toding
Published: September 2020

abstrak; artikel ini merupakan sebuah; decky krisnando; enggar objantoro; evangelical theology; i putu ayub darmawan; konsep teologi injili; konsep teologi injili tentang; penelitian pustaka yang memaparkan; penulis mencari; roh orang mati; spirit; tentang; tentang roh orang mati; the dead; untuk memaparkan konsep tersebut.
public health service
Authors: Rahmadanti Wina illirian sevi
Published: September 2020

layanan kesehatan masyarakat terhadap lansia di indonesia khususnya surabaya dan beberapa daerah lainnya.
High oxalate levels-A potential biomarker for intense exercise
Authors: Yan Sirui , Yang Kaiqiao , man tang , WANG YUAN , Huang Xia , Ouyang Jess Lan , Fu Min , Du Yue , Liu Qiuyun
Published: September 2020

Physical exercises and labor have been confirmed in epidemiological studies that they are beneficial to human health, significantly reducing risks for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, etc. Despite the paucity of athletic sudden death, sporadic cases were reported each year in long distance running. Energy metabolism produces protons and organic acids in the limbs, and thus reduces stresses in internal organs. Calcium oxalate was proposed as the causative molecule of heart disease. Intensive exercise or labor can build up dangerous levels of oxalate from the pathways of energy metabolism, posing threat to few susceptible individuals. Pre-exercise or post-exercise oxalate or calcium levels, or constipation can be monitored to predict risks to cardiac arrest or athletic sudden death.
Tox2 is differentially expressed in non-small cell lung cancer and associates with patient survival.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2020

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States (1). We mined published microarray data (2, 3, 4) to identify differentially expressed genes in NSCLC. We found that the gene encoding the thymyocyte selection-associated high mobility box protein family member 2 transcription factor Tox2 was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in tumors from patients with NSCLC as compared to the lung. Tox2 expression was significantly decreased in NSCLC tumors as compared to the lung, and lower expression of Tox2 in patient tumors was significantly associated with worse overall survival. Tox2 may be important for initiation or progression of non-small cell lung cancer in humans.
Short-term effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal ideation: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Sueki Hajime , Ueda Michiko
Published: September 2020

Background: Few studies have examined the effect of pandemics on suicide-related outcomes. Aims: We examined whether suicidal ideation levels among the general population changed owing to the COVID-19 pandemic by tracking individuals between January and April 2020. Method: We used a prospective observational longitudinal design (n = 6,683) to conduct online surveys of the general adult population in Japan before (baseline) and during the pandemic (follow-up). Results: Suicidal ideation levels were significantly lower during than before the pandemic; however, the effect size was small (r = .07). Participants who were younger, with unstable employment, without children, with low income, and receiving psychiatric care were more likely to have higher suicidal ideation levels during the pandemic. Limitations: The dropout rate may have affected the results. COVID-19 cases and deaths in Japan were relatively lower than in other developed countries. Conclusion: Although the short-term impact of COVID-19 on suicidal ideation is limited, relatively young and economically vulnerable individuals are more likely to show exacerbated suicidal ideation during the pandemic.
The study of bias in entrepreneurship
Authors: Zhang Stephen , Cueto Javier
Published: September 2020

Scholars use the theoretical lens of bias to research various behavioral phenomena in entrepreneurship. We assess this body of research, focusing on definitional issues and relationships. Furthermore, we discuss how the study of bias in entrepreneurship can be advanced, given the new development in related fields such as cognitive sciences. The assessments and discussions help reveal as well as address tensions in the literature, identify numerous research opportunities that may not be obvious by looking at previous work individually, and contribute to how the theory of bias can further help to understand entrepreneurship.
Perceptual processing links autism and synesthesia: a twin study
Authors: van Leeuwen Tessa Marije , Wilsson Lowe , Nobel Norrman Hjalmar , Dingemanse Mark , Bölte Sven , Neufeld Janina
Published: September 2020

Background. Synesthesia occurs more commonly in individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Condition (ASC) and is associated with autistic traits and autism-related perceptual processing characteristics, including a more detail-focused attentional style and altered sensory sensitivity. Furthermore, autistic traits and autism-like sensory sensitivity show a synesthesia-dosage effect, since they increase with the amount of synesthesia types in synesthetes and with the degree of synesthesia (how consistently colors are associated with graphemes) in non-synesthetes.Methods. Here we investigated a predominantly non-synesthetic twin sample, enriched for ASC and other neurodevelopmental disorders (n=65, 14-34 years, 60% female). We modelled the linear relationships between the degree of synesthesia and autistic traits, sensory sensitivity, and visual perception, both within-twin pairs (22 pairs) where all factors shared by twins are implicitly controlled (including 50-100% genetics), and across the entire cohort.Results. Our results indicate that the degree of synesthesia is associated with autistic traits only within the attention to details domain and with sensory hyper-, but not hypo-sensitivity. These associations were stronger within-twin pairs compared to across the sample. Further, twins with a higher degree of synesthesia were better than their co-twins in identifying fragmented images in the Fragmented Pictures Test (FPT).Conclusions. This study is the first twin study on the association between synesthesia and autism-related perceptual and clinical features, and the results suggest that a twin design can be more sensitive for detecting these associations. Consistent with previous findings, the results support an association between the degree of synesthesia and autism-related perceptual features, while utilizing a different self-report measure for sensory sensitivity. The novel finding of enhanced feature integration in the FPT in twins with a higher degree of synesthesia challenges the view of a generally more detail-focused attentional style in synesthesia and might be related to enhanced memory or mental imagery in more synesthetic individuals.
A ubiquitous illusion of volume: Are impressions of 3D volume captured by an ‘Additive Heuristic’?
Authors: Bennette Elizabeth , Keil Frank , Yousif Sami Ryan
Published: September 2020

Several empirical approaches have attempted to explain perception of 2D and 3D size. While these approaches have documented interesting perceptual effects, they fail to offer a compelling, general explanation of everyday size perception. Here, we offer one. Building on prior work documenting an ‘Additive Area Heuristic’ by which observers estimate perceived area by summing objects’ dimensions, we show that this same principle — an ‘additive heuristic’ — explains impressions of 3D volume. Observers consistently discriminate sets that vary in ‘additive volume’, even when there is no true difference; they also sometimes fail to discriminate sets that truly differ (even by amounts as much as 200%) when they are equated in ‘additive volume’. However, this heuristic also has limits: when volume varies to large extents, observers may rely on both ‘additive’ and true, mathematical volume to make volume judgments. These results suggest a failure to properly integrate multiple spatial dimensions, and frequent reliance on a perceptual heuristic instead.
A cognitive modeling analysis of risk in sequential choice tasks
Authors: Guan Maime , Stokes Ryan , Vandekerckhove Joachim , Lee Michael David
Published: September 2020

There are many ways to measure how people manage risk when they make decisions. A standard approach is to measure risk propensity using self-report questionnaires. An alternative approach is to use decision-making tasks that involve risk and uncertainty, and apply cognitive models of task behavior to infer parameters that measure people’s risk propensity. We report the results of a within-participants experiment that used three questionnaires and four decision-making tasks. The questionnaires are the Risk Propensity Scale, the Risk Taking Index, and the DomainSpecific Risk Taking Scale. The decision-making tasks are the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, the preferential choice gambling task, the optimal stopping problem, and the bandit problem. We analyze the relationships between the risk measures and cognitive parameters using Bayesian inferences about the patterns of correlation, and using a novel cognitive latent variable modeling approach. The results show that people’s risk propensity is generally consistent within different conditions for each of the decision-making tasks. There is, however, little evidence that the way people manage risk generalizes across the tasks, or that it corresponds to the questionnaire measures.
Support for Border Security During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence on Levels and Predictors from Eight Western Democracies in 2020
Authors: Lindholt Marie Fly , Jørgensen Frederik Juhl , Bor Alexander , Petersen Michael Bang
Published: September 2020

One of the unprecedented measures to contain the spread of COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic was to close borders across the world. In Europe, the closing of national borders was perceived as particularly controversial because of the emphasis on the free movement of labor and citizens across borders within the European Union. Here, we examine the level of support for border closings among citizens from eight Western democracies, how support developed over time, and how particular COVID-19-related concerns and considerations predict individual differences in support. Specifically, we collected data on support for tightened border security from 9 April 2020 until 19 December 2020 in quota-sampled online surveys in Denmark, Sweden, United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy and Hungary. Eight Western democracies that differ in their response to and the impact of COVID-19 (N = 67,679). Overall, the data show moderate to high levels of support for tightened border security across all observed countries, with substantial within-country variation. Furthermore, the analyses show that support for border security relates to both usual predictors of anti-immigration views and corona-specific considerations, in particular, personal concerns about the adverse effects of COVID-19 and attributions of blame to international actors such as China and WHO.
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder: Evidence from a common mnemonic advantage between aesthetics judgement and self-reference
Authors: Lee Hyojun , Jacquot Amélie , Makowski Dominique , Arcangeli Margherita , Dokic Jérôme , Piolino Pascale , Sperduti Marco
Published: September 2020

A long-lasting and unresolved debate in the field of aesthetics is whether beauty is inherent to the object of appreciation or to the subject contemplating it. Several studies suggest that physical features (e.g., symmetry, contrast) of an artwork influence aesthetic rating. Nevertheless, this objectivist approach fails to explain the idiosyncratic nature of aesthetic experiences (AE). Recent models propose a multi-process account of AE, integrating a subjective evaluation based on self-referential processing. This proposition seems coherent with neuroimaging studies showing activation of a common neural network during AE and self-reference. Nevertheless, behavioural data supporting this hypothesis is missing. We took advantage of the self-reference effect (SRE) in memory – the mnemonic advantage for material encoded in a self-related mode - to test the hypothesis that aesthetic judgement is based on self-related processes. We predicted that if aesthetic judgement recruits self-referential processing, incidentally encoding artworks in this condition should produce a similar mnemonic advantage as the SRE. To test this hypothesis, 30 participants incidentally encoded 60 painting in three conditions: self-reference, judgement of beauty and judgement of symmetry (control condition). We found that items encoded in the aesthetic judgment condition were as well recognized as those encoded in self-reference condition when participants gave extreme judgements on the beauty scale during encoding. These findings suggest that at least intense AEs activate an individual’s sense of self.
Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Impacts in Michigan, USA
Authors: Anderson-Carpenter Kaston D , Neal Zachary P.
Published: September 2020

Racial disparities have been observed in the impacts of COVID-19 in the United States. In this paper, we used a representative sample of adults in Michigan to examine differences in COVID-19 impacts on Blacks and Whites in four domains: direct, perceived, political, and behavioral. We found that in the initial wave of the outbreak in May 2020, Blacks experienced more severe direct impacts: they were more likely to be diagnosed or know someone who was diagnosed, and more likely to lose their job compared to Whites. Additionally, Blacks differed significantly from Whites in their assessment of COVID-19's threat to public health and the economy, the adequacy of government responses to COVID-19, and the appropriateness of behavioral changes to mitigate COVID-19's spread. Although in many cases these views of COVID-19 were also associated with political ideology, this association was significantly stronger for Whites than Blacks. Continued investigation of racial disparities in COVID-19's impact is necessary, however these preliminary findings of a race-by-ideology interaction are important because they suggest some racial disparities are restricted to conservatives, while more liberal Whites and Blacks exhibit few differences.
Uncertain population futures: Critical reflections on the IHME Scenarios of future fertility, mortality, migration and population trends from 2017 to 2100
Authors: Gietel-Basten Stuart , Sobotka Tomas
Published: September 2020

In July 2020 The Lancet published global scenarios of fertility, mortality, migration and population trends from 2017 to 2100 produced by the research team from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) (Vollset et al. 2020). These projections, based on a vast amount of data, complex estimates and models, have gained high visibility, also in subsequent media coverage and interviews. Yet, IHME highly publicised population data and scenarios suffer from numerous issues with the underlying data, models and scenarios as well as over-simplistic interpretations of their results. This study aims to substantiate our concerns, spelled out earlier in a letter to the Lancet (Basten, Sobotka et al. 2020), and review major issues and weaknesses with IHME projections and their interpretation. First, we critically examine the data issues, models and their underlying assumptions, including implausible uncertainty intervals and contrasts in predicted trends among countries from broader regions, which often share similar economic and cultural characteristics. Second, we discuss the interpretations of the main findings presented in the discussion part of the paper by Vollset et al. and reflect on the media representation of the projection results. In conclusion, we highlight internal inconsistencies in the IHME modelling approach, which lead to questionable projections for many countries and scenarios.
Malayalam Morphosyntax: Inflectional Features and their Acquisition
Authors: Krishnan Gayathri
Published: September 2020

Malayalam, which belongs to the South-Dravidian language family, is an agglutinative language with rich inflectional morphology. The aim of the thesis is to analyse the grammar and acquisition of Malayalam verbal inflections (tense, aspect and mood) and nominal inflections (case, number, and gender). Within the larger discussion of inflectional morphology and its acquisition, particular attention is paid to two complex morphological processes, a) the past tense formation of verbs and b) case assignment of subjects and objects.In particular, the thesis will show the following: a) that the past tense marker selection is determined by different grammatical principles in underived and derived stems; specifically, phonotactics in the former and the lexical feature of transitivity in the latter; b) that the dative nominals of a class of predicates (variously labelled experiencer or dative subject or psych predicates) are in fact subjects using an array of empirical tests involving binding, control, accusative marking, and predicate alternation; and c) that inflections for number and object case rest on lexical features of the noun (stem) and the allomorphy is governed by these featural requirements. In looking at the developing grammar in the two subjects, the thesis will show that Malayalam inflectional grammar has quite direct consequences for the acquisition of inflectional morphology. Specifically, acquisition proceeds unobstructed when the mode of selection is phonological and offers more challenges when the mode of selection is morphological, i.e., when the selection depends on the learning of the lexical or grammatical features of the noun and verb stems.Thus, using the interplay between acquisition and the grammatical description, we establish that in addition to the established factors that guide acquisition, mode of selection of an inflection plays a key role in determining the relative ease/difficulty in the acquisition of inflectional morphology. This follows quite neatly from the fact that children are phonologically competent even before much language is produced and that this module-competence could facilitate the acquisition of morphology. The thesis will argue that this is indeed the case.
Neck Circumference, a Novel Predictor of Overweight/ Obesity in School Children in Pokhara
Authors: Maskey Manisha , Gupta KK Dutta , Ahmed Meraj
Published: September 2020

Background: Calculating BMI in an individual is a standard anthropometric procedure to estimate overweight/obesity. But it has been observed to be a bad predictor of central obesity. On the other hand, waist circumference, in many studies, has been found to be a good predictor of central obesity but not so frequently used because of tendency to vary throughout the day. In the recent years, NC has been found to have a good correlation with both BMI and WC. The aim of this study was to find out whether neck circumference is a good predictor of Overweight/Obesity or not.

Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out among the school children, aged 12 to 15 years, in Pokhara city, Nepal. In total, 408 students, 238 males and 170 females were screened. Anthropometric markers of obesity measured: included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and compared with neck circumference (NC) of the same subjects. Pearson’s correlation test was used to see the correlation between NC with BMI and WC, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the best cut off value of neck circumference in predicting high BMI.

Results: Among 408 students, 238 (58.3%) were male and 170 (41.7%) were female. Among them 37 (9.1%) were overweight and 32 (7.8%) were obese. All the anthropometric parameters were significantly higher in cases, except height in male, than in controls. NC was significantly correlated with age, BMI, and waist circumference in both boys and girls. The best cut-off value of neck circumference by ROC to identify boys with a high BMI was 29.5 with sensitivity of (76%), specificity (54%), and for girls was 28.5 with sensitivity of (97%), specificity (48%).

Conclusion: Statistically significant positive correlation was found between NC with BMI and WC. The value of NC as a screening tool has been found comparably lower in compare to WC.
Cyclin D1 and Its Expression in Neoplastic Gall Bladder Lesions
Authors: Agarwal Anshoo , Singh Yanina
Published: September 2020

Carcinoma of Gall bladder is an infrequent tumour of the gastrointestinal tract and has long been recognized as a highly lethal disease. Tumour markers are glycoprotein that can be determined in blood, saliva, urine and tissues by certain immunological methods. Cyclin D1 is such a marker which is seen to be expressed in various neoplasms. Its role has also been confirmed in gall bladder neoplastic conditions. The onset and progression of gallbladder carcinoma are accompanied with multiple genetic changes that result in qualitative and quantitative alterations in individual gene expression. Immuno-histochemical methods can be used to analyze cyclin D1 levels in gallbladder carcinomas, adenomas and cholecystitis to evaluate their relationships with the pathogenesis, development and metastasis of gallbladder carcinoma.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Persamaan dan Fungsi Kuadrat melalui Model Problem Based Learning dengan Kartu True Or False
Authors: Nurhayati Erlin , Ahsani Lukmanul
Published: September 2020

Persamaan dan Fungsi kuadrat adalah materi Matematika yang memerlukan ketelitian dalam menghitung dan menyajikannya dalam bentuk gambar grafik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Matematika Persamaan dan Fungsi Kuadrat melalui model Problem Based Learning dengan Kartu True Or False bagi siswa kelas IX H semester 1 SMP Negeri 5 Purwokerto tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 5 Purwokerto Kecamatan Purwokerto Selatan Kabupaten Banyumas, bulan Juni 2019 sampai dengan Oktober 2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus perbaikan pembelajaran. subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX H yang berjumlah 32 siswa dengan rincian 16 siswa laki-laki dan 16 siswa perempuan. Instrumen untuk mengupulkan data adalah lembar pengamatan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran, dokumen dan hasil tes dari penelitian ini menunjukan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar dari kondisi awal 56,32 menjadi 71,36 pada siklus II (kondisi Akhir). Di samping itu jumlah siswa yang mencapai batas kriteria ketuntasan minimal pun meningkat dari 9 siswa pada kondisi awal 23 siswa pada kondisi akhir.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penerapan model problem based learning dengan kartu true or false dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Persamaan dan fungsi kuadrat.bagi siswa kelas IX H SMP Negeri 5 Purwokerto tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.

Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar, Problem Based Learning,  True Or False
Efektivitas Online Learning terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Mahasiswa
Authors: Kusmaharti Dian , Yustitia Via
Published: September 2020

Masa pandemi Covid-19 mengharuskan mahasiswa tetap kuliah dari rumah. Online learning dapat dijadikan alternatif solusi untuk tetap melaksanakan pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas pembelajaran matematika di PGSD, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya melalui online learning. Kriteria efektif dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan minimum dan respon mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran dalam kategori positif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan tes dan angket. Data kemampuan pemecahan masalah dianalisis menggunakan uji proporsi pihak kanan. Data observasi aktivitas dan respon mahasiswa dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika melalui online learning efektif dilaksanakan di tengah pandemi covid-19. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan minimum dan respon mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran dalam kategori positif. Kendala yang sering terjadi adalah signal internet yang tidak selalu baik, beberapa mahasiswa kesulitan belajar mandiri dan diskusi kelompok. Seharusnya seorang dosen harus mempersiapkan perangkat pembelajaran online learning dengan baik sehingga hasilnyapun akan maksimal.
Kemampuan Visualisasi Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Sikap Matematis Siswa
Authors: Kusumo Bagus Suryo , Wibowo Teguh , Yuzianah Dita
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena pentingnya kemampuan visualisasi siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kemampuan visualisasi siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika berdasarkan sikap matematis siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode Polya untuk menganalisis timbulnya karakteristik kemampuan visualisasi. Penelitian dilakukan di SMA Purworejo pada siswa kelas X  semester genap tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X yang dipilih secara purposive sampling yaitu siswa dengan sikap matematis.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket sikap matematis, tes kemampuan visualisasi dan wawancara tidak terstruktur yang telah divalidasi oleh ahli. Hasil penelitian tentang karakteristik kemampuan visualisasi matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika yaitu, timbul ide/rencana penyelesaian akibat aktivitas memahami masalah yang dapat dilihat malalui aktivitas memahami dan penjabaran rumus yang digunakan; melaksanakan rencana (menguraikan) dan membayangkan/imajinasi visual menggunakan kemampuan analogi, terlihat pada gerakan tangan siswa yang berusaha mencocokan sesuatu dalam pemikirannya; diakhiri dengan representasi visual yang merupakan proses aktualisasi dari kemampuan visualisasi.

 

Kata kunci: kemampuan, visualisasi, matematis.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Think Pair Share Berbasis Budaya Minankabau terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis
Authors: Fitri Syamsah , Fitri Novia Eka , Syahputra Edi , Mulyono Mulyono
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk : (1) menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS (Think Pair Share) berbasis budaya Minangkabau terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa, (2) menganalisis interaksi antara model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS (Think Pair Share) berbasis budaya Minangkabau dan kemampuan awal matematis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis varians (ANAVA) dua jalur. Hasil penelitiaan menunjukkan : (1) terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS (Think Pair Share) berbasis budaya Minangkabau terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa, (2) terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS (Think Pair Share) berbasis budaya Minangkabau dan kemampuan awal matematis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa.
Management of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 or CKD stage 1-4 patients with acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 pandemic: Adapted clinical guidelines of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists
Authors: Kolesnyk M. , Dudar I. , Stepanova N. , Krasyuk E. , Gonchar Yu. , Loboda O.
Published: September 2020

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is diagnosed in 1–40% of the COVID-19 patients; from 2% to 10% of the patients are required renal replacement therapy (RRT). The mortality rate in this category of patients reached 88%. Early AKI detection in the patients with COVID-19, followed by the use of preventive and therapeutic measures to minimize the incidence or progression is a significant key to reduce the mortality rate and transformation of AKI into chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The expert group of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists has created the adapted clinical guidelines for the management of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 or CKD stage 1-4 patients with acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 pandemic. These guidelines are intended for family physicians, general practitioners, physicians, cardiologists, nephrologists, intensivists, endocrinologists, infectious disease specialists and other professionals involved in the provision of specialized medical care to the patients with COVID-19.

Specialized medical care for AKI patients infected COVID-19 should be provided by a multidisciplinary team, which has to involve nephrologists, infectious disease specialists and intensivists.
Tumor lysis syndrome associated with acute kidney injury as the first manifestation of essential thrombocytosis
Authors: Kemeç Zeki , Koçanoğlu Abdülkadir , Mahfuz Şıkgenç Mehmet
Published: September 2020

In the present case, a 52-year-old female patient has no disease in her medical history. She was brought into the emergency department with muscle pain, nausea-vomiting, acute kidney injury (AKI), tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Intensive hydration was performed. On the fourth day, venous blood gas, serum kidney function testing and electrolyte levels improved. Thrombocytosis was detected. Our patient with TLS-associated AKI was diagnosed with essential thrombocytosis. We have not previously observed such a case sample in the English literature in the extensive examination.