bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
mirkwood: Fast and Accurate SED Modeling Using Machine Learning
Authors: Gilda Sankalp , Lower Sidney , Narayanan Desika
Published: July 2021

Traditional spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting codes used to derive galaxy physical properties are often uncertain at the factor of a few level owing to uncertainties in galaxy star formation histories and dust attenuation curves. Beyond this, Bayesian fitting (which is typically used in SED fitting software) is an intrinsically compute-intensive task, often requiring access to expensive hardware for long periods of time. To overcome these shortcomings, we have developedmirkwood: a user-friendly tool comprising an ensemble of supervised machine-learning-based models capable of nonlinearly mapping galaxy fluxes to their properties. By stacking multiple models, we marginalize against any individual model’s poor performance in a given region of the parameter space. We demonstratemirkwood's significantly improved performance over traditional techniques by training it on a combined data set of mock photometry ofz= 0 galaxies from theSimba,Eagle,andIllustrisTNGcosmological simulations, and comparing the derived results with those obtained from traditional SED fitting techniques.mirkwoodis also able to account for uncertainties arising both from intrinsic noise in observations, and from finite training data and incorrect modeling assumptions. To increase the added value to the observational community, we use Shapley value explanations to fairly evaluate the relative importance of different bands to understand why particular predictions were reached. We envisagemirkwoodto be an evolving, open-source framework that will provide highly accurate physical properties from observations of galaxies as compared to traditional SED fitting.
The Post-impact Evolution of the X-Ray-emitting Gas in SNR 1987A as Viewed by XMM-Newton
Authors: Sun Lei , Vink Jacco , Chen Yang , Zhou Ping , Prokhorov Dmitry , Pühlhofer Gerd , Malyshev Denys
Published: July 2021

Since 1996 the blast wave driven by SN 1987A has been interacting with the dense circumstellar material, which provides us with a unique opportunity to study the early evolution of a newborn supernova remnant (SNR). Based on the XMM-Newton RGS and EPIC-pn X-ray observations from 2007 to 2019, we investigated the post-impact evolution of the X-ray-emitting gas in SNR 1987A. The hot plasma is represented by two nonequilibrium ionization components with temperatures of ∼0.6 keV and ∼2.5 keV. The low-temperature plasma has a density ∼2400 cm−3, which is likely dominated by the lower-density gas inside the equatorial ring (ER). The high-temperature plasma with a density ∼550 cm−3 could be dominated by the H ii region and the high-latitude material beyond the ring. In the last few years, the emission measure of the low-temperature plasma has been decreasing, indicating that the blast wave has left the main ER. But the blast wave is still propagating into the high-latitude gas, resulting in the steady increase of the high-temperature emission measure. Meanwhile, the average abundances of N, O, Ne, and Mg are found to be declining, which may reflect the different chemical compositions between the two plasma components. We also detected Fe K lines in most of the observations, showing increasing flux and centroid energy. We interpret the Fe K lines as originating from a third hot component, which may come from the reflected shock heated gas or originate from Fe-rich ejecta clumps shocked by the reverse shock.
The Effect of Stream Interaction Regions on ICME Structures Observed in Longitudinal Conjunction
Authors: Winslow Reka M. , Scolini Camilla , Lugaz Noé , Galvin Antoinette B.
Published: July 2021

We study two interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) observed at Mercury and at 1 au by spacecraft in longitudinal conjunction, investigating the question: what causes the drastic alterations observed in some ICMEs during propagation, while other ICMEs remain relatively unchanged? Of the two ICMEs, the first one propagated relatively self-similarly, while the second one underwent significant changes in its properties. We focus on the presence or absence of large-scale corotating structures in the ICME propagation space between Mercury and 1 au, which have been shown to influence the orientation of ICME magnetic structures and the properties of ICME sheaths. We determine the flux rope orientation at the two locations using force-free flux rope fits as well as the classification by Nieves-Chinchilla et al. We also use measurements of plasma properties at 1 au, the size evolution of the sheaths and magnetic ejecta with heliocentric distance, and identification of structures in the propagation space based on in situ data, remote-sensing observations, and simulations of the steady-state solar wind to complement our analysis. Results indicate that the changes observed in one ICME were likely caused by a stream interaction region, while the ICME exhibiting little change did not interact with any transients between Mercury and 1 au. This work provides an example of how interactions with corotating structures in the solar wind can induce fundamental changes in ICMEs. Our findings can help lay the foundation for improved predictions of ICME properties at 1 au.
Effects of Spatial Discretization in Lyα Line Radiation Transfer Simulations
Authors: Camps Peter , Behrens Christoph , Baes Maarten , Kapoor Anand Utsav , Grand Robert
Published: July 2021

We describe the addition of Lyα resonant line transfer to our dust continuum radiation transfer code SKIRT, verifying our implementation with published results for spherical problems and using some self-designed three-dimensional setups. We specifically test spatial discretization through various grid types, including hierarchical octree grids and unstructured Voronoi tessellations. We then use a radiation transfer postprocessing model for one of the spiral galaxies produced by the Auriga cosmological zoom simulations to investigate the effect of spatial discretization on the synthetic observations. We find that the calculated Lyα line profiles exhibit an extraordinarily strong dependence on the type and resolution of the spatial grid, rendering the results untrustworthy at best. We attribute this effect to the large gradients in the hydrogen density distribution over small distances, which remain significantly underresolved in the input model. We therefore argue that further research is needed to determine the required spatial resolution of a hydrodynamical simulation snapshot to enable meaningful Lyα line transfer postprocessing.
Star Formation Histories of Massive Red Spiral Galaxies in the Local Universe
Authors: Zhou Shuang , Li Cheng , Hao Cai-Na , Guo Rui , Mo Houjun , Xia Xiaoyang
Published: July 2021

We investigate the star formation histories (SFHs) of massive red spiral galaxies with stellar mass M
* > 1010.5
M
⊙, and make comparisons with blue spirals and red ellipticals of similar masses. We make use of the integral field spectroscopy from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV/DR15 MaNGA sample, and estimate spatially resolved SFHs and stellar population properties of each galaxy by applying a Bayesian spectral fitting code to the MaNGA spectra. We find that both red spirals and red ellipticals have experienced only one major star formation episode at early times, and the result is independent of the adopted SFH model. On average, more than half of their stellar masses were formed >10 Gyr ago, and more than 90% were formed >6 Gyr ago. The two types of galaxies show similarly flat profiles in a variety of stellar population parameters: old stellar ages indicated by D4000 (the spectral break at around 4000 Å), high stellar metallicities, large Mgb/Fe ratios indicating fast formation, and little stellar dust attenuation. In contrast, although blue spirals also formed their central regions >10 Gyr ago, both their central regions and outer disks continuously form stars over a long timescale. Our results imply that massive red spirals are likely to share some common processes of formation (and possibly quenching) with massive red ellipticals in the sense that both types were formed at z > 2 through a fast formation process. Possible mechanisms for the formation and quenching of massive red spirals are discussed.
Electron Heat Flux Instabilities in the Inner Heliosphere: Radial Distribution and Implication on the Evolution of the Electron Velocity Distribution Function
Authors: Sun Heyu , Zhao Jinsong , Liu Wen , Voitenko Yuriy , Pierrard Viviane , Shi Chen , Yao Yuhang , Xie Huasheng , Wu Dejin
Published: July 2021

This Letter investigates the electron heat flux instability using the radial models of the magnetic field and plasma parameters in the inner heliosphere. Our results show that both the electron acoustic wave and the oblique whistler wave are unstable in the regime with large relative drift speed (ΔV

e
) between electron beam and core populations. Landau-resonant interactions of electron acoustic waves increase the electron parallel temperature that would lead to suppressing the electron acoustic instability and amplifying the growth of oblique whistler waves. Therefore, we propose that the electron heat flux can effectively drive oblique whistler waves in an anisotropic electron velocity distribution function. This study also finds that lower-hybrid waves and oblique Alfvén waves can be triggered in the solar atmosphere, and that the former instability is much stronger than the latter. Moreover, we clarify that the excitation of lower-hybrid waves mainly results from the transit-time interaction of beaming electrons with resonant velocities v
∥ ∼ ω/k
∥, where ω and k
∥ are the wave frequency and parallel wavenumber, respectively. In addition, this study shows that the instability of quasi-parallel whistler waves can dominate the regime with medium ΔV

e
at the heliocentric distance nearly larger than 10 times of the solar radius.
The Hummingbird Collection of the Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP), Portugal
Authors: Lopes Ricardo , Faria Pedro , Gomes Daniela , Freitas Bárbara , Málinger Judit
Published: July 2021

The Hummingbird (Family Trochilidae) Collection of the Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP) is one of the oldest collections of this family harboured in European museums. Almost 2,000 specimens, that encompass most of the taxonomic diversity of this family, were collected in the late 19thCentury. The collection is relevant due its antiquity and because all specimens were bought from the same provider, mainly as mounted specimens, for a Portuguese private collection of Neotropical fauna. In the early 20thCentury, it was donated to the Museum that is now the MHNC-UP.

The information about the majority of these specimens is now available for consultation on the GBIF platform after curation of all specimens and digital cleaning of the associated metadata. In the process, hundreds of non-catalogued specimens were found and taxonomic and spatial information was updated for many of the specimens.
Possible benefits from greening of public transport stops in Sofia, Bulgaria
Authors: Bozhilova Mariam , Zhiyanski Miglena
Published: July 2021

Public transport shelters provide an unused surface that can be utilized in various ways, including for unconventional landscaping. The benefits from greening of public transport shelters are insufficiently studied and unutilized. The article evaluates some of the benefits which may result from the construction of green public transport shelters in the central part of Sofia.

There are a total of 2780 aboveground public transport stops in Sofia. In the surveyed area are located 257 stops, 150 of which currently have shelters. The potential of greened shelters to remove PM10 and CO2 from the ambient air is estimated for several different scenarios. If 250 public transport shelters are entirely greened (roof and 3 walls) with Festuca sp., the removed PM10 will be about 20 kg/yr, or 0.01% of the yearly emissions of PM10 from transport in the surveyed area. The sequestered CO2 will be 17047.3 kg /yr., or approximately the CO2 emitted by 40 diesel cars with an average daily mileage of 10 km per day for a year. The reduction of PM10 and CO2 is not significant, however, in a big city with intensive construction and a constantly increasing population, every possibility for greening needs to be explored. Green stops may be used in combination with other measures. Proper selection of plant species and design solutions maximizing the green surface will increase the benefits.
Hors normes ?
Authors: Desbois Henri , Gervais-Lambony Philippe , Lazzarotti Olivier
Published: July 2021

Dans le légitime souci de consolider leur portée « scientifique », les revues de sciences sociales, les Annales de Géographie parmi d’autres, ont établi des protocoles de publication : double lecture en aveugle, grilles d’évaluation, etc. Ces démarches ont produit leurs effets : assurer le lectorat de la scientificité de la revue, lui faciliter la lecture et, ainsi, encourage la diffusion des résultats. Le sens de ce numéro n’est pas de faire la critique radicale de ces méthodes mais de souligner que, à l’occasion, des écritures rhétoriquement académiques peuvent aussi enfermer les sciences sociales et, ce faisant, les priver de possibilités expressives capables, elles aussi, de rendre compte du fonctionnement et des dynamiques des hommes et des femmes vivant en société.
Les séries télévisées ou la réécriture de la ville : regards croisés entre Johannesburg et New York
Authors: Denmat Pierre
Published: July 2021

Les séries télévisées sont devenues des objets de recherche en sciences sociales. Elles ont toutefois été encore peu interrogées en géographie, notamment concernant la façon dont elles livrent un discours sur l’espace. Ce sont ces discours, et les procédés d’écriture associés, qui sont analysés dans cet article, à travers l’analyse de séries états-uniennes et sud-africaines mettant en scène les métropoles de New York et de Johannesburg. Au-delà de l’écriture de l’espace dans ces séries, cet article analyse la réception de ces discours auprès d’une population scolaire, habitant New York et Johannesburg, et sur la façon dont des élèves peuvent acquérir des savoirs en géographie urbaine à partir des séries télévisées.
Écrire des vies en veille. Retour sur une méthode de création poétique auprès des gardiens de Nairobi
Authors: Lanne Jean-Baptiste
Published: July 2021

Cet article propose un retour critique sur une méthode de terrain faisant usage de l’écriture poétique comme moyen d’accompagner à la parole des personnes peu à l’aise vis-à-vis du récit de soi. Cette expérimentation a notamment été conduite auprès des gardiens de sécurité privée de Nairobi (Kenya), des individus en situation d’isolement au travail et soumis à de fortes logiques de domination. Ces « veilleurs » de la ville apparaissent particulièrement vulnérables face aux attendus implicites de la mise en récit de soi (être en capacité de dire « je », se projeter dans un temps linéaire et progressif, donner du sens aux différents espaces parcourus). Le recours à une langue poétique permet une expression à la fois plus fluide et moins douloureuse, à condition de se montrer particulièrement attentif aux conditions concrètes de son écriture. Ainsi, ce texte revient sur les enjeux d’une création à quatre mains lors des ateliers, de la matérialité de l’écriture, de la constitution d’un « espace à soi » ; autant d’éléments qui, tenus ensemble permettent d’accompagner avec justesse à la parole. Parallèlement, il interroge les conditions d’accueil de ces productions poétiques au sein de nos propres textes en sciences sociales. L’articulation écriture poétique – écriture scientifique, loin de constituer une impasse, permet au contraire de réinsérer une certaine précarité dans nos formes textuelles, nécessaire à la crédibilité de nos discours.
« Tu crois que ça suffit d’être indigné pour investir l’espace des autres ? » Pour une géographie des spatialités théâtrales : la trilogie Des territoires de Baptiste Amann
Authors: Calbérac Yann
Published: July 2021

L’ambition de cet article est double. D’une part, proposer une grille de lecture fondée sur l’habiter qui permette d’explorer les spatialités théâtrales, c’est-à-dire ce qui se produit sur une scène quand des comédiens performent un texte (écrit ou non) dans le cadre d’une représentation. D’autre part, mobiliser cette grille de lecture pour étudier les dimensions géographiques de la trilogie Des territoires écrite et mise en scène par le dramaturge Baptiste Amann. L’analyse ainsi menée met en lumière l’importance de la dimension spatiale pour comprendre les significations historiques, sociales et politiques de l’œuvre, et sa portée contemporaine.
Mettre en scène les territoires et leurs jeux d’acteurs par la création théâtrale
Authors: Vivant Elsa
Published: July 2021

Cet article analyse cinq pièces de théâtre contemporaines prenant pour objet l’espace et les transformations qu’il subit et dont la création s’appuie sur un travail d’enquête. Son objectif est de comprendre les intentions, méthodes d’enquête et pratiques d’écriture de ces artistes, ainsi que les choix et difficultés auxquels ils ont été confrontés. Il ne s’agit pas ici de juger les qualités esthétiques de ces pièces mais de comprendre comment leurs auteurs mobilisent un savoir d’enquête pour faire œuvre, et peuvent, en cela, informer sur des enjeux géographiques. Le théâtre, par ses moyens spécifiques de représentation et en tant qu’espace de rencontre entre des publics, offre une scène de représentation des territoires, des projets dont ils sont l’objet et des débats qu’ils suscitent. Ces expériences se distinguent des pratiques de l’écriture académique tout en questionnant ses conventions. En s’intéressant en particulier à la mise en abyme de l’enquête, à la place de l’auteur, au recours à la fiction et aux inventions formelles, cet article mettra en évidence en quoi ces formes théâtrales ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives pour produire et restituer des connaissances sur l’espace, entre l’habitus de l’objectivité propre à la recherche académique et expression de la subjectivité dans une création artistique.
Du carnet de terrain à la littérature : « copeaux géographiques » et cheminements d’écritures
Authors: Troin Jean-François
Published: July 2021

À partir des carnets de terrain qui recèlent bien plus que des notations scientifiques, le géographe dispose de « copeaux » non utilisés qui peuvent donner lieu à des écritures diverses : anecdotes, réflexions personnelles, commentaires de croquis oubliés, rédaction d’une fiction romanesque. Il peut même retrouver des chansons typiques de sa période estudiantine et les faire connaître. Carnet de terrain, carnet de voyage, journal personnel contiennent des éléments lyriques et spontanés aptes à se transformer en écriture littéraire. La pratique de la frappe numérique, normée, nous prive quelque peu de ces matériaux instantanés, de première main, rassemblés sur le vif. Mais elle permet d’un autre côté l’accès immédiat à une information complémentaire précieuse lors de la rédaction. Quelle que soit la forme adoptée pour « fabriquer » de la géographie, l’essentiel est de communiquer au lecteur un aspect créatif, sérieux en même temps que joyeux de notre discipline.
Chronique d’une expérience sénégalo-suisse de supervision pédagogique de stage : enjeux pédagogiques et professionnels
Authors: Gassama Yakhara , Rullac Stéphane
Published: July 2021

L’article est un récit des supervisions menées depuis 2016 avec des étudiants-es suisses en stage dans des structures d’hébergement d’enfants/adolescents en difficulté au Sénégal. L’objectif est de partager ces expériences afin de mettre en lumière le partenariat entre écoles de formation en travail social et le contexte des stages internationaux. L’approche utilisée est inductive, dans le style d’une chronique avec des récits chronologiques des supervisions. L’article aboutit sur différentes pistes de réflexion évaluant l’importance de la supervision dans le développement professionnel des étudiants-es et d’une approche collaborative entre les différents-es acteurs-trices. L’enjeu est une amélioration de l’accompagnement de stage, une meilleure collaboration entre professionnels-les sénégalais-es et suisses et l’élargissement du partenariat entre institutions de formation en travail social.
Quand la recherche et la formation contribuent à augmenter la capacité d’agir : une expérience de théâtre-forum du point de vue des participantes
Authors: Noël Julie , Lambert Annie , Norbert Bordeleau Sophie , St-Cyr Morin Mélissa , Morin Paul , Deslauriers Manon , Lévesque Kathy , Turcotte Geneviève , Fontaine Annie
Published: July 2021

L’article porte sur une expérience de théâtre-forum réalisée dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche visant l’augmentation de la capacité d’agir de membres d’un organisme communautaire, le Réseau d’Appui aux familles Monoparentales et recomposées de l’Estrie (RAME). Il expose le positionnement de l’École de travail social quant à l’implication des personnes au sein de ses formations et montre comment le théâtre-forum renforce les capacités d’agir personnelles et collectives par la transformation du vécu en savoirs partagés. Particulièrement, cet article décrit l’expérience vécue par huit participantes ayant coconstruit et présenté un théâtre-forum devant public. Les résultats s’appuient sur la perspective des participantes recueillies au cours de cinq entrevues individuelles et d’une rencontre préparatoire à la rédaction de cet article où trois participantes étaient présentes. Les résultats portent sur les défis qu’elles ont dû relever au cours des différentes activités et des retombées individuelles et collectives qu’elles observent au terme du projet. L’article se conclut en exposant les apprentissages utiles pour l’actualisation d’un exercice de coconstruction comme celui du projet de recherche avec le RAME.
Cent ans après Rorschach, les enjeux de la méthode en clinique projective
Authors: Louët Estelle , Chabert Catherine , Verdon Benoît
Published: July 2021

Cent ans après l’analyse à l’aveugle du protocole d’un homme de 40 ans faite par Hermann Rorschach lui-même, particulièrement approfondie à partir de l’interprétation des données du psychogramme, les auteurs ont repris l’étude de ce protocole à la lumière de la démarche d’interprétation développée par l’École française du Rorschach. L’article propose une mise en perspective de ces deux méthodologies adossées à la psychanalyse, relevant congruences et différences dans l’interprétation des données, la compréhension des modalités de fonctionnement psychique du patient. Qu’une épistémologie projective puisse ainsi progressivement se mettre en place et se déployer, offre une perspective de construction métapsychologique passionnante pour une clinique qui reste vivante et productive, riche de potentialités d’élaborations nouvelles.
Histoire et actualité du tri et de la formule complémentaire
Authors: Ravit Magali , Brolles Lisbeth , Dublineau Mathilde
Published: July 2021

Cet article propose de saisir l’intérêt d’une analyse du Type de Résonnance Intime dans son rapport avec la formule complémentaire, en complément d’une démarche psychodynamique d’ensemble étayée sur l’analyse globale du test projectif. Il s’agit d’envisager la particularité du Type de Résonance Intime (articulation Kinesthésie-mouvement/Couleur-affect) comme indice singulier à même d’apporter des compléments de lecture pertinents concernant le traitement pulsionnel de la perception. Si le tri et la formule complémentaire rendent compte des modalités de traitement des dimensions pulsionnelles et affectives, l’article propose de porter un intérêt particulier à l’analyse de l’écart entre ces deux formules qui constituerait un atout pour saisir comment s’élabore la position subjective, c›est-à‑dire comment s’établit une potentialité réflexive. En ces termes, les auteurs interrogent la comparaison des deux formules comme indices ne relevant pas tant de l’activité représentative que du rapport que le sujet porte à sa réalité psychique.
Hermann Rorschach : interpréter ou définir des formes ? Apports pour la clinique de l’autisme
Authors: Suarez-Labat Hélène
Published: July 2021

Dans cet article, les recherches de H. Rorschach sont étudiées à partir de plusieurs points de vue : historique, épistémologique et la clinique de l’autisme. Les différentes appréhensions perceptives observées par Rorschach interrogent la clinique de l’autisme et les constructions de l’image du corps. En effet, face au matériel, certains patients définissent simplement les formes, d’autres cherchent à les interpréter. Ces différents modes d’appréhension ont suscité chez Rorschach plusieurs axes d’analyse repris par l’auteur de l’article pour les mettre à l’épreuve de la clinique de l’autisme. Les différents axes étudiés sont l’intégration du rythme spatial, les perceptions intérieures et leurs projections, la résonnance intime et ses différents facteurs ainsi que l’accès à la régression formelle. L’ensemble de ces axes est mis en perspective pour saisir les ressources et/ou les entraves narcissiques dans le fonctionnement autistique. Ces réflexions constituent des voies de recherche pour une compréhension approfondie du fonctionnement autistique en proposant des nouveaux éclairages cent ans après les découvertes de Rorschach.
Le test de Rorschach a 100 ans
Authors: Carstairs Kari , McCarthy Woods Justine , Desautels Marc , Lambe Kevin
Published: July 2021

Cet article, proposé par le Bureau exécutif de la Société Britannique du Rorschach, retrace l’histoire de ce test souvent controversé dans ce pays et offre un aperçu de son utilisation aujourd’hui. 2021 marque le centenaire de la publication de l’ouvrage Psychodiagnostic d’Hermann Rorschach, qui présente ses travaux et comprend 10 planches devenues la base de son célèbre test. Malheureusement, Rorschach meurt prématurément l’année suivante, mais son test, la «  Queen of tests  » (« reine des tests », selon l’expression de Damion Searls) a survécu, suscitant l’intérêt et la controverse en cours de route. C’est cette histoire mouvementée qui se trouve développée dans le contexte britannique.
Intelligibilité et transformation du monde : ce que fait l’analyse du travail au travail
Authors: Albarello Luc
Published: July 2021

Cet article explore la question de savoir si les adultes en reprise d’étude pensent que le mémoire qu’ils vont devoir réaliser au terme de leur cursus représente un simple exercice de nature académique ou s’ils espèrent que les résultats de leur mémoire pourront influencer leur terrain et être utile à celui-ci.
La part d’autrui dans la conduite de l’ enquête : le cas de l’activité de création d’un artiste-plasticien
Authors: Thievenaz Joris , Thélin-Metello Caroline
Published: July 2021

A l’encontre d’une conception qui réduit la démarche d’enquête au terrain de l’activité scientifique, cette contribution en adopte une définition anthropologique (Dewey, 1938) pour interroger le rôle qu’y jouent les tiers. C’est ainsi que, sur le terrain de la création artistique, il est possible d’observer combien les proches de l’artiste viennent influencer les expérimentations réalisées par le créateur dans sa quête « de la forme qui convient ». L’étude de cas présentée dans cet article est ainsi une nouvelle occasion d’explorer les possibles ouverts par cette théorie de l’expérience de John Dewey dans une perspective d’analyse du travail en lien avec les questions de formation.
Les ateliers d’écriture et d’échange sur l’activité comme moyen d’analyse du travail et d’accès aux dimensions cachées du travail
Authors: Champy-Remoussenard Patricia
Published: July 2021

Cet article est consacré à la méthode des ateliers d’écriture et d’échange sur l’activité créée par l’auteur. Depuis de nombreuses années, cette démarche fondée sur la sollicitation d’un récit écrit de l’activité professionnelle, lu et commenté au sein de groupes d’échanges. La méthode a été utilisée à la fois à des fins de formation et de recherche. L’analyse porte sur la mise en mots de l’activité professionnelle comme mode d’accès à la connaissance du du travail « réel » et comme modalité d’accès aux dimensions les plus opaques ou dissimulées du travail appelée ici « dimensions cachées ». Après avoir décrit la démarche et ses origines et l’avoir située du points de vue de ses enjeux sociaux et épistémologiques, l’article montre quels ses apports actuels à la recherche en analyse de l’activité et en sciences de l’éducation et à quelles conditions elle rend possible une mise en mots de l’activité.
New classes of analytic and bi-univalent functions
Authors: Cotîrlǎ Luminiţa-Ioana ,   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Department of Mathematics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: July 2021

Using the (p, q)-derivative operator we introduce new subclasses of analytic and bi-univalent functions, we obtain estimates on coefficients and the Fekete-Szegö functional.
Hermandades castellanas y centralización monárquica (1325-1476): algunas consideraciones
Authors: Sánchez Benito José María
Published: July 2021

Este artículo pretende profundizar en el análisis de los complejos cambios que presenta la evolución de las hermandades castellanas entre 1325 y 1476. Lo haremos conjugando la diversidad de las muchas iniciativas de carácter concejil que fueron surgiendo en distintos rincones del reino y la tendencia a la unidad y el control regio que se inicia tempranamente y cristaliza en tiempos de Isabel y Fernando. Por lo tanto, destacaremos el papel de los reyes en este proceso y la forma en que se abrió camino la idea de una institución entendida como instrumento para el ejercicio del poder monárquico.
PDF: The "P" Stands for Problematic
Authors: Caffrey-Hill Julia , Clark Nathan , Davis Brent , Helman William
Published: July 2021

The Portable Document Format (PDF) is one of the most common document file types in academia, both in the library and the classroom. Unfortunately, PDF poses unique barriers to accessibility, particularly for the visually impaired. Ensuring that all people can read PDF content can be complex and expensive. There are alternative formats that can be made accessible with a lower level of effort, providing a better experience for both the end reader and the document author. This article serves as a call to arms for higher education to migrate away from PDF and to urge the tech community to develop new file formats that lend themselves to enhanced accessibility on a limited budget.
Port Dada Integration
Authors: Cacho José Luís , Tokarski Adalberto , Thomas Elizabete , Chkoniya Valentina
Published: July 2021

The maritime supply chain is growing in complexity. Ports are at the crossroads of many activities, modes, and stakeholders, and are actively becoming digital hubs. Today, digital and physical connectivity go hand in hand. The port could benefit from taping the opportunities arising from digitalization and data integration since it helps to leverage external knowledge, engage stakeholders, create new decision-making anchors, lower the risk of certain investments, boost productivity and cut costs, and accelerate greening and digital transition, generating possibilities for just-in-time operations and optimizations. The chapter aims to apprehend the use of data science in the port sector. The state of the art in Brazil and Portugal are different. Even inside Brazil, there is no homogeneity of ports in the usage of digital infrastructure, cloud computing, or artificial intelligence. The existing inequalities hinder general cooperation between nations but, at the same time, reveal opportunities to approach specific nodes in the international supply chain.
A Software Engineering Perspective on Building Production-Ready Machine Learning Systems
Authors: Heck Petra , Schouten Gerard , Cruz Luís
Published: July 2021

This chapter discusses how to build production-ready machine learning systems. There are several challenges involved in accomplishing this, each with its specific solutions regarding practices and tool support. The chapter presents those solutions and introduces MLOps (machine learning operations, also called machine learning engineering) as an overarching and integrated approach in which data engineers, data scientists, software engineers, and operations engineers integrate their activities to implement validated machine learning applications managed from initial idea to daily operation in a production environment. This approach combines agile software engineering processes with the machine learning-specific workflow. Following the principles of MLOps is paramount in building high-quality production-ready machine learning systems. The current state of MLOps is discussed in terms of best practices and tool support. The chapter ends by describing future developments that are bound to improve and extend the tool support for implementing an MLOps approach.
The Future of Advertising
Authors: Moses Elissa , Clark Kimberly Rose , Jacknis Norman J.
Published: July 2021

This chapter summarizes the role that artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) are expected to play at every stage of advertising development, assessment, and execution. Together with advances in neuroscience for measuring attention, cognitive processing, emotional response, and memory, AI/ML have advanced to a point where analytics can be used to identify variables that drive more effective advertising and predict enhanced performance. In addition, the cost of computation has declined, making platforms to apply these tools much less expensive and within reach. The authors then offer recommendations for 1) understanding the clients/customers and users of the products and services that will be advertised, 2) aiding creativity in the process of designing advertisements, 3) testing the impact of advertisements, and 4) identifying the optimum placement of advertisements.
Time Series Forecasting in Retail Sales Using LSTM and Prophet
Authors: Junior Clony , Gusmão Pedro , Moreira José , Tome Ana Maria M.
Published: July 2021

Data science highlights fields of study and research such as time series, which, although widely explored in the past, gain new perspectives in the context of this discipline. This chapter presents two approaches to time series forecasting, long short-term memory (LSTM), a special kind of recurrent neural network (RNN), and Prophet, an open-source library developed by Facebook for time series forecasting. With a focus on developing forecasting processes by data mining or machine learning experts, LSTM uses gating mechanisms to deal with long-term dependencies, reducing the short-term memory effect inherent to the traditional RNN. On the other hand, Prophet encapsulates statistical and computational complexity to allow broad use of time series forecasting, prioritizing the expert's business knowledge through exploration and experimentation. Both approaches were applied to a retail time series. This case study comprises daily and half-hourly forecasts, and the performance of both methods was measured using the standard metrics.
Key Factors in the Process of Acceptance and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in the Hotel Sector
Authors: Infante-Moro Alfonso , Infante-Moro Juan C. , Gallardo-Pérez Julia
Published: July 2021

Artificial intelligence is one of the most innovative and trending technologies in the hotel sector. It is transforming the hotel sector into a novel environment in business-client relationships. For this reason, this study seeks to find, through a literary review and a causal study carried out by experts in technologies and hotels, using the methodology of fuzzy cognitive maps, what the determining factors in the decision of hotels to accept and implement artificial intelligence in their hotels and in their services are. The list obtained is made up of the following factors (in order of relevance in this decision): top management support, perceived reliability of the technology, security, relative advantage, support from information systems providers, technological organizational readiness, government pressure or incentives, compatibility, business partner pressure, customer pressure, complexity, pressure from competitors, perceived cost, characteristics of the leader or manager, and size of the company.
Comparison of Parametric and Non-Parametric Methods to Analyse the Data Gathered by a Likert-Type Scale
Authors: Baran Tamer
Published: July 2021

The aim of this chapter is to reveal whether the results of the analysis of the data obtained using Likert type scales (LTSs) with parametric and non-parametric methods in different response alternative (DRA) numbers will differ in terms of statistical significance. In this respect, the data were obtained from 271 university students with CETSCALE prepared using LTS in five different response alternatives (DRAs). The data were analysed using the one sample t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Significant findings of the study in the analysis of the data obtained using midpoint LTSs and with the normal distribution with both parametric and non-parametric methods couldn't be found. Similarly, the data obtained by four response alternative numbers with the normal distribution were analysed by both methods, and the significant findings were revealed. However, the results of the data obtained by six and eight response alternative numbers with parametric methods were found to be statistically significant while their analysis by non-parametric methods did not reveal significant findings.
Latent Fingerprint Enhancement Based on EDTV Model
Authors: Hilles Shadi M. S. , Liban Abdilahi Deria , Altrad Abdullah M. M. , El-Ebiary Yousef A. Baker , Hilles Mohanad M.
Published: July 2021

The chapter presents latent fingerprint enhancement technique for enforcement agencies to identify criminals. There are many challenges in the area of latent fingerprinting due to poor-quality images, which consist of unclear ridge structure and overlapping patterns with structure noise. Image enhancement is important to suppress several different noises for improving accuracy of ridge structure. The chapter presents a combination of edge directional total variation model, EDTV, and quality image enhancement with lost minutia re-construction, RMSE, for evaluation and performance in the proposed algorithm. The result shows the average of three different image categories which are extracted from the SD7 dataset, and the assessments are good, bad, and ugly, respectively. The result of RMSE before and after enhancement shows the performance ratio of the proposed method is better for latent fingerprint images compared to bad and ugly images while there is not much difference with performance of bad and ugly.
Responsible Machine Learning for Ethical Artificial Intelligence in Business and Industry
Authors: Saxena Deepak , Lamest Markus , Bansal Veena
Published: July 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have become a new reality of modern life. They have become ubiquitous to virtually all socio-economic activities in business and industry. With the extent of AI's influence on our lives, it is an imperative to focus our attention on the ethics of AI. While humans develop their moral and ethical framework via self-awareness and reflection, the current generation of AI lacks these abilities. Drawing from the concept of human-AI hybrid, this chapter offers managerial and developers' action towards responsible machine learning for ethical artificial intelligence. The actions consist of privacy by design, development of explainable AI, identification and removal of inherent biases, and most importantly, using AI as a moral enabler. Application of these action would not only help towards ethical AI; it would also help in supporting moral development of human-AI hybrid.
Arrhythmia Detection Using Deep Belief Network Extracted Features From ECG Signals
Authors: Gourisaria Mahendra Kumar , Harshvardhan GM  , Agrawal Rakshit , Patra Sudhansu Shekhar , Rautaray Siddharth Swarup , Pandey Manjusha
Published: July 2021

Arrhythmia is a disorder of the heart caused by the erratic nature of heartbeats occurring due to conduction failures of the electrical signals in the cardiac muscle. In recent years, research galore has been done towards accurate categorization of heartbeats and electrocardiogram (ECG)-based heartbeat processing. Accurate categorization of different heartbeats is an important step for diagnosis of arrhythmia. This paper primarily focuses on effective feature extraction of the ECG signals for model performance enhancement using an unsupervised Deep Belief Network (DBN) pipelined onto a simple Logistic Regression (LR) classifier. We compare and evaluate the results of data feature enrichment against plain, non-enriched data based on the metrics of precision, recall, specificity, and F1-score and report the extent of increase in performance. Also, we compare the performance of the DBN-LR pipeline with a 1D convolution technique and find that the DBN-LR algorithm achieves a 5% and 10% increase in accuracy when compared to 1D convolution and no feature extraction using DBN respectively.
Time-Series Forecasting and Analysis of COVID-19 Outbreak in Highly Populated Countries
Authors: Arunkumar P. M.  , Ramasamy Lakshmana Kumar , Amala Jayanthi M.
Published: July 2021

A novel corona virus, COVID-19 is spreading across different countries in an alarming proportion and it has become a major threat to the existence of human community. With more than eight lakh death count within a very short span of seven months, this deadly virus has affected more than 24 million people across 213 countries and territories around the world. Time-series analysis, modeling and forecasting is an important research area that explores the hidden insights from larger set of time-bound data for arriving better decisions. In this work, data analysis on COVID-19 dataset is performed by comparing the top six populated countries in the world. The data used for the evaluation is taken for a time period from 22nd January 2020 to 23rd August 2020.A novel time-series forecasting approach based on Auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is also proposed. The results will help the researchers from medical and scientific community to gauge the trend of the disease spread and improvise containment strategies accordingly.
Interactions Between Culture, Regulatory Structure, and Information Privacy Across Countries
Authors: Meso Peter , Negash Solomon , Musa Philip F.
Published: July 2021

We analyze the relationships between country culture and country regulatory structure pertaining to information privacy concerns (IPC) in the context of social media applications. Drawing on prior research we develop a framework that integrates country culture and country regulatory structure and use it as the basis for a study that contrasts samples of 1086 professionals drawn from four countries – United States, United Kingdoms, India and Hong Kong – to assess effects of national culture and of a nation’s regulatory structure on IPC, attitudinal beliefs about information privacy and professionals’ behavioral reactions to IPC. We find that country culture has a strong bearing on explaining differences in individuals’ IPC concerns, attitudinal beliefs about privacy, and behavioral reactions to privacy much more than does country regulatory structure. Country culture remains a significant factor in the management of information privacy. The results also show that country regulatory structure remains deficient in allaying individuals’ concerns pertaining to information privacy.
Review on Brand Citizenship Behavior and Importance of Employees in Brand Strategy
Authors: Medis A.P.
Published: July 2021

The connection of internal marketing including employees for a brand is a critically reviewed notion in marketing studies. The concept of brand citizenship behavior is one of the most researched concepts connected to brand strategies whereas importance of employees within the domain of branding is treated as a significant matter. However, empirical studies still claim to investigate the BCB with reference to different product contexts and markets to examine how it results brand related outcomes. Meanwhile, many studies attempt to investigate the concept of BCB in line with different brand related behaviors of customers and staff. Alongside, this paper examines the empirical evidence on BCB in relation to connected concepts and variables whilst specific attention is made for service sector. Paper presents the literature review explaining how BCB interlocks with some significant notions including brand knowledge. It followed a literature review as the main research tool and author used prominent journal articles as the main source to collect empirical evidence. Paper concludes the importance of BCB for the future research directions followed by a discussion highlighting how BCB and related concepts had been examined in previously held studies.
MicroRNA-10a Negatively Regulates CD4+ T Cell IL-10 Production through Suppression of Blimp1
Authors: Yang Wenjing , Chen Liang , Xu Leiqi , Bilotta Anthony J , Yao Suxia , Liu Zhanju , Cong Yingzi
Published: July 2021

An uncontrolled CD4+ T cell response is a critical hallmark of autoimmune diseases. IL-10, which can be produced by both effector and regulatory CD4+ T cells, plays an essential role in the inhibition of autoimmunity. MicroRNAs are key molecules involved in regulating immune responses. However, how miR-10a regulates CD4+ T cell function in the pathogenesis of intestinal immune responses is not fully understood. In this study, we show that the mice with deficient miR-10a in CD4+ T cells were more resistant to intestinal inflammation upon inflammatory insult. miR-10a–deficient CD4+CD45Rbhi T cells were less colitogenic in Rag−/− mice, in which CD4+ T cell production of IL-10 was increased. miR-10a–deficient CD4+ T cells expressed a higher expression of IL-10 in vitro. Blocking the IL-10/IL-10R pathway in vivo aggravated colitis induced by miR-10a–deficient CD4+CD45Rbhi T cells. Mechanically, miR-10a suppressed CD4+ T cell production of IL-10 through targeting Prdm1, which encodes Blimp1. We further show that that CD4+ T cells lacking Blimp1 produced lower levels of IL-10 and induced more severe colitis in Rag−/− mice. These data thus establish the role of miR-10a in the inhibition of IL-10 production in CD4+ T cells to regulate intestinal homeostasis.
Tiltrotor Conversion Maneuver Analysis with RCAS
Authors: Yeo Hyeonsoo , Saberi Hossein
Published: July 2021

Aeromechanics analysis is performed using the comprehensive analysis code RCAS (Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis System) to study the transient conversion maneuver of a tiltrotor. The analytical model is based on the XV-15 research tiltrotor aircraft in size and dynamic characteristics. A generic (not representative of XV-15) tiltrotor control system is developed to simulate a conversion maneuver. Hover and cruise performance of the present XV-15 analytical model is validated against available test data. The conversion calculation begins with a trim analysis at hover, which is followed by the conversion maneuver. During the maneuver analysis, the pilot control model is activated to fly the aircraft following a desired airspeed profile and minimum altitude change. Time histories of vehicle dynamics, rotor controls, rotor flapping, rotor performance, and blade structural loads are investigated for various transient conversion maneuvers. The aircraft acceleration during the transient maneuver has a significant influence on the rotor performance and loads.
Medical thoracoscopy without pleural fluid: How I do it
Authors: Tamburrini Mario , Desai Unnati , Fanti Giovanni , Scarda Angelo , Zampieri Francesca , Zuccon Umberto , Thakare Parikshit , Contoli Marco , Papi Alberto
Published: July 2021

Thoracoscopy is commonly used minimally invasive procedure in the field of interventional pulmonology. While medical thoracoscopy is the widely preferred modality, modifications to the technique and expansion in the scope of its utility have always challenged the conventional approach. We describe a modified technique of medical thoracoscopy in absence of pleural effusion also known as dry thoracoscopy under sedation and local anaesthesia.