bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Pneumatized Articular Eminence and Roof of Glenoid Fossa in North-East Indian Population
Authors: Verma Saumya , Koppula Sri Krishna , Choudhary Anand , Nandi Devarshi , Kumar Ashutosh , Rawat Babita
Published: June 2021

Background:

Pneumatized articular eminence (PAT) and roof of the glenoid fossa (PRGF) are recognized when accessory air cells are found within the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. Pneumatization in this region facilitates the spread of tumors and fractures. During Zygomatic implant placement and TMJ surgical procedures, namely eminectomy and miniplate insertions, various complications might arise due to pneumatized PAT and PRGF. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides reliable and accurate information to determine the characteristics, the extent of pneumatization, and its relationship to the adjacent structures. So, recognizing the variations of PAT and PRGF in different populations is of clinical importance.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of pneumatization of articular tubercle (PAT) and pneumatization of PRGF in the North- East Indian population by using CBCT.

Materials and Methods:

The study was carried out among 500 patients. The prevalence and significance of differences among the variables were carried out by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square test. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 21 (IBM).

Results:

The mean age with pneumatization was 45.27 ± 18.00 years. The prevalence of PAT and PRGF was found to be 24.6% and 24.4%, respectively. Bilateral PAT was detected in (6%) patients. The occurrence of unilateral PAT cases was found to be more than bilateral PAT cases (<0.042).

Conclusion:

There is a greater prevalence of PAT and PRGF in the North- East Indian population when compared to other similar studies in the literature.
Sex Determination by Odontometric Diagonal Measurements Using Discriminant Function
Authors: Moon Gunjan V. , Sathawane Ramhari S. , Chandak Rakhi M. , Lanjekar Ashish B. , Bhakte Kshitia , Sukhdeve Vidyarjan A.
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Forensic odontology is one of the most unexplored and captivated branches of forensic sciences. Teeth are far excellent material for the anthropological, genetic, odontogenic, and forensic scenario as the morphology of teeth remains unchanged in extreme environmental conditions even after a long period.

Aim and Objectives:

The study aims to determine the sex of an individual by odontometric diagonal measurements using discriminant function. The objectives are to measure and compare the diagonal measurements of teeth in males and females using crown diagonal diameters of the permanent dentition and to evaluate their sexual dimorphism.

Material and Methods: The s

tudy sample included 380 maxillary and mandibular dental casts obtained by alginate impressions of 190 subjects (95 males and 95 females) in the age range of 19–35 years selected from Out patient department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. Mesiolabioincisal-distolinguoincisal (MBDL) and distolabioincisal-mesiolinguoincisal (DBML) measurements of right permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth excluding third molars were taken separately using a digital Vernier caliper.

Results:

The highest mean tooth dimension of MBDL and DBML in both the jaws is of the first molar. The accuracy rate for males (100% for MBDL and 97.89% for DBML) is greater than females (MBDL 93.68% and DBML 94.21%). The overall accuracy rate of maxillary and mandibular MBDL is greater (96.8%) than DBML measurement (95.8% and 94.8%, respectively).

Conclusion:

The overall accuracy rate for sex determination is 96.8% for MBDL dimensions. The maxillary and mandibular second premolars are the strongest predictors for sex determination.
Oral Medicine Practice During COVID-19
Authors: Kumar Krishna S. , Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan , Varma Beena , Nair Priya K. , Shanmugham Aravind M. , Jose Renju
Published: June 2021

Oral healthcare providers work near the face of the patients and are at an increased risk of being infected or transmitting the infection to the patients. Standard practice guidelines have to be modified to reorganize Oral Medicine care in the new normality of the COVID-19 pandemic to minimize the negative impacts of the infection on oral and systemic health. This scoping review aims to assess the guidelines for the safe practice of Oral Medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature search was done using Medline and Pubmed as the database and 23 articles were identified related to 8 domains. Utilization of teledentistry, efficient triaging of the patients with strict adherence to the infection control protocols, knowledge of the possible oral manifestations, and management of patients based on their presenting symptoms can help for the safe practice of Oral Medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Hibernoma
Authors: Thriveni R. , Bhosle Sunitha , Ramesh D. N. S. V. , Praveen A. H.
Published: June 2021

Hibernomas are rare soft-tissue benign neoplasms composed of brown adipose tissue. In 1906, Merkel named these tumors Pseudolipoma, then in 1914, Grey coined the term as Hibernoma because of its similarity to brown fat in hibernating animal species. Symptoms secondary to extrinsic compression of neighboring structures may be present, although these tumors are uniformly benign. Hibernomas may be found anywhere in normal fetal brown fat but are most commonly located in the thigh. The etiology of Hibernomas is unknown. Molecular genetics show mutation in chromosome 11 which encodes the tumor suppressor gene MEN 1 [Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1]. Among all benign lipomatous tumors approximately 1.6% accounts for Hibernomas.
Levamisole in Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome in Children
Authors: Shafi Obeid , Latief Muzamil , Hassan Zhahid , Abbas Farhat , Farooq Summyia
Published: June 2021

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common clinical entity encountered in children and adults. Steriod Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome(SDNS) is one of the most common pediatric glomerular diseases. However, a significant chunk of cases follows a relapsing and remitting course. Various modalities such as cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), levamisole, and rituximab have been tried in patients with steroid-dependent or frequently relapsing NS (FRNS). We describe our experience of using levamisole in nine patients with steroid-dependent NS. We used the regimen of levamisole dosing at 2.5 mg/kg on alternate days, along with alternate dosing of steroids at the lowest possible doses to achieve remission. During follow-up, two of the patients were switched over to a calcineurin inhibitor (tacrolimus). All the remaining seven patients responded to levamisole and attained remission. At 18 months follow-up, four patients were on a minimal dose of steroids (prednisolone 0.25 mg/kg alternate day) with levamisole 2.5 mg/kg, whereas three patients were on prednisolone 0.5 mg/kg/alternate day with levamisole 2.5 mg/kg alternate day. Among the patients with steroid-sensitive NS, 30%–60% are frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent forms of NS. Corticosteroids have well recognized and potentially serious adverse effects. A lot of steroid-sparing agents such as MMF, rituximab, alkylating agents like cyclophosphamide, and calcineurin inhibitors have been used in clinical medicine, to mitigate the above mentioned adverse effects of prolonged use of corticosteroids, with varying success. But these medications have significant side effects and toxicity profiles of their own. Our case series reiterates the role of levamisole in FRNS and SDNS patients without much risk of adverse events in patients and hence being a relatively less expensive treatment option.
Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Versus Child-to-Child Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Worm Infestation to Middle School Children in Puducherry
Authors: Jemima S. , Sumathy P.
Published: June 2021

Background:

Worm infestations are one of the most widely prevalent neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) which are inextricably linked to poor sanitation and hygiene.

Aims:

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching plan and child-to-child teaching in raising awareness about helminthiasis.

Methods:

Thirty-seven standard children each from two government secondary schools in Puducherry were selected by simple random sampling. Data on knowledge regarding worm infestation and selected demographic variables were collected using a structured questionnaire. Two groups with 30 subjects each were created, where Group 1 was taught according to a structured teaching plan, and a child-to-child teaching approach was adopted for Group 2. The effectiveness of interventions was adjudged using a paired t-test. The association between the level of knowledge and select demographic variables was examined using a Chi-square test.

Results:

A vast majority of subjects in Group 1 and Group 2 had inadequate and moderately adequate knowledge of helminthiasis, respectively, prior to intervention. However, the mean test scores of Group 1 increased by 20.6 following intervention with a structured teaching plan. An incremental mean difference of 19.16 was witnessed in Group 2. The child-to-child teaching program was found to be equally effective as a structured teaching plan. A statistically significant association was found between the level of knowledge and demographic variables such as age and place of defecation (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Peer learning was found to be a novel and reliable method of expanding the knowledge of middle school children on prevention of hookworm infestation, thereby encouraging healthy behaviors.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus in a Nigerian Adult
Authors: Inuwa Ismail Mohammed , Ahmad Jameel Ismail , Nurein Tunde Oyebanji , Ishaq Naseer Ahmed , Miko Abdullahi Mustapha Mohammed , Aliyu Ibrahim
Published: June 2021

A 22-year-old university student presented to our hospital with a 7-year history of recurrent palpitation and easy fatigability, with occasional dry cough and no history of fever or weight loss. Examination revealed the presence of machinery murmur, and echocardiography revealed isolated patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). She had left thoracotomy and double ligation of the uncalcified PDA. Chest drain was inserted and she did well postoperatively, and she was discharged home on the 5th postoperative day. Postoperative echocardiography revealed no residual PDA.
Chryseobacterium indologenes Pneumonitis in an Immunocompromised Patient
Authors: Kaur Kanwaljit , Pandit Priyanka , Patil Prashant , Jahan Nikahat
Published: June 2021

Non-fermenters are a group of organisms commonly isolated in different specimens from patients admitted in ICU. Besides, injudicious use of WHO Reserve group antimicrobials poses a patient at risk of acquiring infections by uncommon organisms especially non-fermenters. One such organism, Chryseobacterium indologenes has been mentioned in few case reports as causative agent of meningitis, infections of respiratory tract, urinary tract, surgical site infections, prosthetic valve infections and blood stream infections. Its identification and instituting antimicrobial as per the sensitivity pattern is a must for appropriate patient care. We report a case of pneumonitis by C. indologenes in an immunocompromised patient in ICU of a tertiary care hospital.
Readiness of Respiratory Therapists in Saudi Arabia to Manage Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Al Refaee Hassan M. , Al Shehri Mohammed K.
Published: June 2021

Background:

Respiratory therapists (RTs) are one of the frontline healthcare workers fighting the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the clinical areas, such as intensive care units, and emergency rooms. There are no data to measure the current practice of RTs in Saudi Arabia toward COVID-19 patient management. This study aimed to measure the current practice of RTs to manage COVID-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional, self-administered online survey comprising 29 questions. The survey comprised two sections: A demographic focusing on participants' data and a section to measure the knowledge of practitioners about the proper management of patients with COVID-19. None of the RTs who completed the survey were excluded.

Results:

A total of 247 RTs from different regions of Saudi Arabia were included. Men RTs were (65.6%), and the mean age was 30.52 ± 2.1 years. The majority of the RTs answered the questionnaire questions correctly. Answering the questions correctly was associated with more years of experience and working in the central and eastern regions. More than 50% of the RTs answered three questions inaccurately; those questions pertained to the suitable tidal volume, the acceptable SpO2 for critically ill patients, and the recommended trial period for noninvasive ventilation.

Conclusions:

Our cross-sectional study showed that RTs working in Saudi Arabia conformed to the current guidelines and recommendations for dealing with patients with COVID-19. The accurate knowledge in dealing with these patients was increased with years of experience. Future studies are required that recruit additional RTs from different countries and educational backgrounds.
Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Health Risk of Heavy Metals: A study from the Tarkwa Mining Area, Ghana
Authors: Seidu J. , Ewusi A.
Published: June 2021

This study seeks to evaluate the hydrogeochemical characteristics of water in the Tarkwa mining area using the Piper and Chadha plots and to carry out a health risk assessment using the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) health risk assessment model. A total of 39 groundwater sample points were used for this study. Results from the Piper and Chadha diagrams show that the dominant water types in the study area are Ca-HCO3 and Mixed Ca-Mg-Cl water types which indicates that groundwater in the area can be classified as fresh water. The hazard quotient (HQ) value for heavy metals estimated, suggested an acceptable level of noncarcinogenic inimical health risk. In relation to the HQ value, the Hazard Index (HQ) calculated was less than 1 suggesting that inhabitants will not be exposed to a potential health risk for the injection of heavy metals. Carcinogenic risk estimated for As (1.80×10-4) was higher than the acceptable risk. The carcinogenic risk estimated therefore indicated that, drinking of groundwater over a long period will increase the probability of cancer. It can be concluded that currently the groundwater in the Tarkwa area is safe for domestic purposes.

 

Keywords: Hydrochemical Characteristics, Human Risk Assessment, Tarkwa Mining Area
Borehole Rehabilitation: A Case Study in the Dunkwa Mining Town
Authors: Ewusi A. , Seidu J.
Published: June 2021

Rehabilitation works were carried out on boreholes in the Dunkwa Mining town in the Central Region of Ghana. These works were carried out because the boreholes had lost their original yields due to clogging, corrosion and encrustation and had been abandoned for a long time. The cost of drilling a new well and assessing the productivity of the well is $4,500 which is more expensive that carrying out rehabilitation works which is cheaper, about $800. Also, the initial yields of the boreholes were very high according to the feasibility report which is not a common characteristic of the rocks in the area. Camera inspection followed by rehabilitation, pre and post pumping tests were carried out to assess whether there has been an improvement in their yield after the exercise and that the yield obtained will be adequate for a water supply design. Results show that all the boreholes had an improvement in their yields (57.19 - 259.80 %) after the rehabilitation. It can therefore be concluded that rehabilitation is effective in restoring boreholes to their original yields. Organisations drilling boreholes to communities can take advantage of rehabilitation of the existing boreholes located in the communities which are high yielding, thereby reducing project implementation cost.

Keywords: Borehole Rehabilitation, Borehole Yields, Borehole Camera Inspection, Pumping Test
Development of a Stope Stability Prediction Model Using Ensemble Learning Techniques - A Case Study
Authors: Saadaari F. Saadaari , Mireku-Gyimah D.. , Olaleye B. M.
Published: June 2021

The consequences of collapsed stopes can be dire in the mining industry. This can lead to the revocation of a mining license in most jurisdictions, especially when the harm costs lives. Therefore, as a mine planning and technical services engineer, it is imperative to estimate the stability status of stopes. This study has attempted to produce a stope stability prediction model adopted from stability graph using ensemble learning techniques. This study was conducted using 472 case histories from 120 stopes of AngloGold Ashanti Ghana, Obuasi Mine. Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Bootstrap Aggregating and Adaptive Boosting classification algorithms were used to produce the models. A comparative analysis was done using six classification performance metrics namely Accuracy, Precision, Sensitivity, F1-score, Specificity and Mathews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) to determine which ensemble learning technique performed best in predicting the stability of a stope. The Bootstrap Aggregating model obtained the highest MCC score of 96.84% while the Adaptive Boosting model obtained the lowest score. The Specificity scores in decreasing order of performance were 98.95%, 97.89%, 96.32% and 95.26% for Bootstrap Aggregating, Gradient Boosting, Random Forest and Adaptive Boosting respectively. The results showed equal Accuracy, Precision, F1-score and Sensitivity score of 97.89% for the Bootstrap Aggregating model while the same observation was made for Adaptive Boosting, Gradient Boosting and Random Forest with 90.53%, 92.63% and 95.79% scores respectively. At a 95% confidence interval using Wilson Score Interval, the results showed that the Bootstrap Aggregating model produced the minimal error and hence was selected as the alternative stope design tool for predicting the stability status of stopes.

 

Keywords: Stope Stability, Ensemble Learning Techniques, Stability Graph, Machine Learning
Human Factor Analysis Framework for Ghana’s Mining Industry
Authors: Joe-Asare T. , Amegbey N. , Stemn E.
Published: June 2021

In an attempt to incorporate human factors into technical failures as accident causal factors, researchers have promoted the concept of human factor analysis. Human factor analysis models seek to identify latent conditions within the system that influence the operator’s action to trigger an accident.  For an effective application of human factor analysis models, a domain-specific model is recommended. Most existing models are developed with category/subcategory peculiar to a particular domain. This presents challenges and hinders effective application outside the domain developed for. This paper sought to propose a human factor analysis framework for Ghana’s mining industry. A comparative study was carried out between three dominated accident causation models and investigation methods in literature; AcciMap, HFACS, and STAMP. The comparative assessment showed that HFACS is suitable for incident data analysis based on the following reason; ease of learning and use, suitability for multiple incident analysis and statistical quantification of trends and patterns, and high inter and intra-coder reliability. A thorough study was done on HFACS and its derivative. Based on recommendations and research findings on HFACS from literature, Human Factor Analysis, and Classification System – Ghana Mining Industry (HFACS-GMI) was proposed. The HFACS-GMI has 4 tiers, namely; External influence/factor, Organisational factor, Local Workplace/Individual Condition and, Unsafe Act. A partial list of causal factors under each tier was generated to serve as a guide during incident coding and investigation. The HFACS-GMI consists of 18 subcategories and these have been discussed. The HFACS-GMI is specific to the Ghanaian Mines and could potentially help in identifying causal and contributing factors of an accident during an incident investigation and data analysis.

 

Keywords: Human Factor Analysis, Causal Factor, Causation Model, Mining Industry
TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİNDE SEKTÖREL ÜRETİMİN İTHAL ARA GİRDİ BAĞIMLILIĞI
Authors: NAS Şahin
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de sektörel üretimin ithal ara girdi bağımlılık yapısı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla Girdi-Çıktı modellerinden yararlanılarak sektörel üretimin ithal girdi bağımlılığı analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 2000-2014 dönemleri için WIOD verileri kullanılarak ithalat katsayılar matrisi ve ithalat ters matrisi hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Türkiye ekonomisinde dönem boyunca özellikle sermaye ve orta-ileri teknoloji yoğun sektörlerde ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı yüksektir ve dönem boyunca artış eğiliminde olmuştur. Ana sektörler bağlamında ise imalat sanayi, enerji ve inşaat sektörlerinde ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı yüksektir. Fakat 2014 yıllında enerji sektöründe ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı belirgin bir şekilde düşüş göstermiştir. Dönem boyunca ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı en düşük olan sektörler emek yoğunluğu fazla olan tarım sektörü ve genel anlamda hizmet sektörleridir.
KENT ESTETİK KURULLARININ KENT ESTETİĞİ KALİTESİNE KATKISI; MALATYA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: BATAR Hasan
Published: June 2021

Toplumların sürdürülebilir bir yaşam kalitesine kavuşma çabasında önemli bir yer teşkil eden unsurlardan birisi de estetiktir. Mağara ve barınakların bir korunma işlevi olmasının yanı ısıra, yanı sıra duvarlarına çizilen resimler yaşam alanlarına güzel bir görüntü kazandırma isteği, bir estetik duygunun serencamı olarak açıklanabilir. Bir korunma içgüdüsünden bir güzellik kaygısına evrilen mekânlar, günümüz dünyasında daha geniş bir çerçevede tasavvur edilmesi gereken bir olgudur. Bireylerin mekân estetiği tasavvuru mekanın kendisinden izler taşıdığı, karşılıklı etkileşim olduğu, yaşam kalitesine değer kattığı düşünüldüğünde estetik kavramının önemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu açıdan bütün toplumların değeri ve önemi konusunda üzerinde mutabık olduğu kent estetiği, kentsel mekanların kaotik durumlarının insan yaşamına negatif etkilerinin artmasından dolayı yeniden ön plana çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada yerel yönetim kademeleri bünyesinde kurulan kent estetik kurullarının kent estetiğine katkısı, mevcut uygulamaları ve alınan kararların içerikleri, Malatya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kent Estetik Kurulu örneği göz önünde bulundurularak incelenmiştir.
GAZİ MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK’ÜN STRATEJİK LİDERLİĞİ IŞIĞINDA SOSYAL DEVLET ÖRGÜTÜ ANLAYIŞI
Authors: ERASLAN İsmail Hakkı , KIZILDAĞ Şaban , KARABALIK Ali Erdi
Published: June 2021

Stratejik liderlik özelliğinin bir yansıması olarak geleceği doğru bir şekilde görebilen (okuyabilen) Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (Eraslan ve Karabalık, 2020), ordu örgütü faaliyetlerini başarılı bir şekilde yönetmiş, deneyimlerini bir adım daha ileri götürerek, aynı özelliklerini devlet örgütü yönetimi ve faaliyetleri için de üstün bir şekilde kullanmıştır. Atatürk, gelişen süreç içinde sosyal devlet örgütü anlayışına bağlı özgün bir model geliştirerek Türk halkının, sosyo ekonomik kalkınma ve refah düzeyini ve insanların mutluluğunu artıracak çalışmalara imza atmıştır.
Bu çalışma, kadim Türk Medeniyeti devlet geleneği ve stratejik lider Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün Temel İlkeleri doğrultusunda kamil anlamda ortaya çıkarılan sosyal devlet örgütü anlayışına bağlı uygulamalardan hasıl olan deneyimlerinin, günümüzde yeniden ve tam bağımsız bir Türkiye’nin sosyo-ekonomik kalkınmasında yol gösterici bir ışık olabileceği iddiasını analiz etmek amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca sosyal devlet ve sosyal hukuk devleti kavramlarına yönelik karşılaştırmalı analizler de yapılmıştır.
Araştırmanın amacının gerçekleşmesi için nitel araştırma yaklaşımına müracaat edilmiş olup, ikincil veri toplama teknikleri ile bilgiler elde edilmiştir. Toplanan veriler sistematik derleme yöntemi ile analiz ve sentez edilerek yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Atatürk İlkeleri’nin birçoğunun ideal bir sosyal devlet örgütü yapılanmasını netice verebileceği ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Numerical and Experimental Study on the Grinding Performance of Ti-Based Super-Alloy
Authors: Phi Hung Trong , Hoang Got Van , Nguyen Trung Kien , Truong Son Hoanh
Published: June 2021

The experiments of the surface grinding of Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 alloy (Ti-64) with a resin-bonded cubic Boron Nitride (cBN) grinding wheel are performed in this research to estimate the influence of cutting parameters named workpiece infeed speed, Depth of Cut (DOC), cooling condition on the grinding force, force ratio, and specific energy. A finite element simulation model of single-grain grinding of Ti-64 is also implemented in order to predict the values of grinding forces and temperature. The experimental results show that an increase of workpiece infeed speed creates higher intensified cutting forces than the DOC. The grinding experiments under wet conditions present slightly lower tangential forces, force ratio, and specific energy than those in dry grinding. The simulation outcomes exhibit that the relative deviation of simulated and experimental forces is in the range of 1-15%. The increase in feed rate considerably reduces grinding temperature, while enhancement of DOC elevates the heat generation in the cutting zone.
Lung Cancer Classification Techniques
Authors: K R Prarthana , K Bhavani
Published: June 2021

Diagnosis of lung cancer with high accuracy rate is most difficult task to make remarkable vary in survival rate of patients. Different imaging techniques are used by radiologists and specialists to diagnose lung cancer such as Computer tomography (CT), X-ray and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). These methods help us to predict the malignant or benign or normal nodules present in the lungs. This proposed work is to build a lung classification system that can classify the images as malignant or benign or normal cases and give best accuracy for predicting lung cancer. In this “IQ_OTH/NCCD” lung cancer dataset is used which consist of total 1190 images of lung CT scans slices for 110 cases. CT scans in DICOM formats is utilized in this research work. In this proposed work by applying machine learning techniques such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), classify the malignant or normal or benign lung nodule cases and finally compare all the attained results. This work finds the accuracy of applied classification systems and finally CNN model outperforms with an accuracy of 98%. Accuracy of ANN model is observed to be 71%.
A Short Communication on Sweeteners and their Relative Profiles
Authors: Dutta Avisek , Dutta Avisek
Published: June 2021

Jaggery has been used traditionally in all Indian villages. It is a concentrated product of cane juice which has 50% sucrose, up to 20% invert sugars, and also contains insoluble matter, such as wood ash, proteins, and fibres, whereas granulated sugar, refers to sucrose, a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose. Jaggery is better option than sugar in diabetics since it reduces oxidative stress in diabetic patients. Sugar intake on long term causes dysglycemia. Constant raised sugar levels have produces central adiposity, hypertension or some elevation of blood pressure, hyperglycaemic episodes in form of glucose intolerance. Artificial sweeteners on long term usage can be possibly not favourable as they cause weight gain, hypertension. There is no corelation of any tumour production with Aspartame.
Geleneksel ve Çağdaş Minyatür Sanatında Doku Kullanımına Nakkaş Osman ve Taner Alakuş’un Eserlerinden Örnekler
Authors: PESTİL Gülşah , DAŞDAĞ Evren
Published: June 2021

Sanatsal düzenleme öğelerinden biri olan doku, görsel olarak algılanabilen yüzey çalışmaları olarak tanımlanabilir. Doku öğesi, sanatta anlatım olanaklarının zenginliğini sunarken, işlevselliği ile izleyicide duygulu, anlamlı etkiler bırakır. Bu yüzden minyatür sanatında da doku kullanımı önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; farklı yüzyıllarda yaşamış olan iki minyatür sanatçısını karşılaştırarak, Türk minyatür sanatında dokunun önemini ve doku kullanımında görülen değişimleri araştırmaktır. Bu bağlamda, XVI. yüzyıl minyatür sanatçısı Nakkaş Osman ile günümüz minyatür sanatçılarından Taner Alakuş örnek alınarak, eserlerindeki doku uygulamaları incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, sanatçıların birbirine benzer şekilde, farklı doku ve teknikleri kullanarak, natüralist ve/veya gerçekçi bir üslûp kullanarak çalışmalar yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca araştırmanın sonuçlarından biri de gelişen teknolojisi sayesinde, minyatür sanatında kullanılan malzemelerin oldukça çeşitli hale gelişinin, günümüz sanatçılarına sağladığı kolaylıklardır. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar ışığında; geleneksel ve çağdaş minyatürlerde doku kullanımının ve tekniklerinin değişmediği, ancak ileri teknolojinin getirdiği çeşitlilikle geliştirildiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada hem geleneksel hem çağdaş minyatür sanatçılarının eserlerinde doku öğesini, dikkat, özen ve ustalıkla uyguladıkları ortaya konmuştur.
Boundary Value Problem with Displacement for a Third-Order Parabolic-Hyperbolic Equation
Authors: Балкизов Ж.А. , Езаова А.Г. , Канукоева Л.В.
Published: June 2021

В рамках данной работы исследована краевая задача со смещением для неоднородного уравнения параболо-гиперболического типа третьего порядка, когда в качестве одного из граничных условий задана линейная комбинация значений искомой функции на независимых характеристиках. В работе получены следующие результаты: показано неравноправие характеристик AC и BC, ограничивающих гиперболическую часть $\Omega _{1} $ области $\Omega$, как носителей данных задачи Трикоми при $0\le x\le \pi n$, $n\in \mathbb{N}$. Из разрешимости задачи Трикоми с данными на характеристике BC в этом случае, вообще говоря, не следует разрешимость задачи Трикоми с данными на характеристике AC; найдены необходимые и достаточные условия существования и единственности регулярного решения исследуемой задачи. При определенных условиях на заданные функции, решение исследуемой задачи выписано в явном виде. Показано, что при нарушении найденных в работе необходимых условий на заданные функции, однородная задача, соответствующая исследуемой задаче имеет бесчисленное множество линейно независимых решений, а множество решений соответствующей неоднородной задачи может существовать только при дополнительном требовании на заданные функции.
Цветовая энергия некоторых кластерных графов
Authors: D'Souza S. , Girija K.P. , Gowtham H.J.
Published: June 2021

Let $G$ be a simple connected graph. The energy of a graph $G$ is
defined as sum of the absolute eigenvalues of an adjacency matrix of the graph $G$.
It represents a proper generalization of a formula valid for the total
$\pi$-electron energy of a conjugated hydrocarbon as calculated by the Huckel
molecular orbital (HMO) method in quantum chemistry. A coloring of a graph $G$ is
a coloring of its vertices such that no two adjacent vertices share the same color.
The minimum number of colors needed for the coloring of a graph $G$ is called the
chromatic number of $G$ and is denoted by $\chi(G)$. The color energy of a graph
$G$ is defined as the sum of absolute values of the color eigenvalues of $G$.
The graphs with large number of edges are referred as cluster graphs. Cluster graphs are graphs obtained from complete graphs by deleting few edges according to some criteria. It can be obtained on deleting some edges incident on a vertex, deletion of independent edges/triangles/cliques/path P3 etc. Bipartite cluster graphs are obtained by deleting few edges from complete bipartite graphs according to some rule. In this paper, the color energy of cluster graphs and bipartite cluster graphs are studied.
Perfil dos atropelamentos na cidade de Maceió no ano de 2007
Authors: Brasil José Anselmo Nunes , Santos Marcela Maria Correia
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho consiste em traçar o perfil dos atropelamentos, buscando explicar e compreender o problema desse tipo de acidente de trânsito, atendidos pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU), Maceió/AL no ano de 2007. Consiste em um estudo epidemiológico transversal e retrospectivo. Foram analisadas 280 fichas, correspondentes ao período de janeiro a dezembro de 2007. Das fichas analisadas, 198 corresponderam a Unidade de Suporte Básico (USB) e 82 a Unidade de Suporte Avançada (USA). O veículo de atropelamento mais acometido foi os automobilísticos (56,07%). As vítimas caracterizaram-se por serem, em sua maioria, jovens e adultos (60,71%), do sexo masculino (58,9%). O domingo foi o dia com o maior número de atropelamentos (17,85%) A maioria dos acidentes (57,13%) ocorreu no período da tarde/noite (12 ás 23:59h),observando um pico da incidência (28,27%) no período entre 17 e 21horas.Os distritos com maior prevalência foram o segundo e o quinto (33,21%). Este estudo, além de propiciar mais dados epidemiológicos que poderão servir para auxiliar em políticas específicas para segurança do pedestre e do motorista no trânsito, visa conscientizar e alertar as pessoas da importância de medidas de prevenção para minimizar este grave problema de saúde populacional na cidade de Maceió/AL.
Estudo comparativo do acesso à justiça no Brasil e no México
Authors: Cruz Guilherme Mucceli Moreira Rangel
Published: June 2021

Este artigo foi elaborado na perspectiva de tentar contribuir para a melhoria da justiça brasileira. Por meio de aporte bibliográfico, foi feito um estudo comparativo entre México e Brasil, no qual foram levantadas não apenas informações relevantes sobre o acesso à justiça, mas também curiosidades acerca da pesquisa jurídico-científica nos dois países. O objetivo com o presente estudo circunscreve-se na discussão sobre o acesso ao poder judiciário nesses dois países supramencionados, dando enfoque à jurisdição mexicana, mas trazendo uma reflexão comparativa dessa garantia fundamental em ambos os países. Buscar-se-á o Direito Comparado como método de estudo desse fenômeno, pois que ele possibilita colocar lado a lado as disposições de Brasil e México, com suas distintas realidades. As conclusões, devidamente destacados nas considerações finais, revelam que apesar das diferenças entre os sistemas jurídicos adotados no Brasil e México há, no modelo jurisdicional mexicano, importantes fatores que poderiam ser incorporados pelo sistema brasileiro, visando à garantia fundamental do acesso e à elevação da eficiência da justiça.
Steering a Green, Healthy, and Inclusive Recovery Through Transport
Authors: Fried Travis , Welle Ben , Avelleda Sergio
Published: June 2021

The pandemic and resulting economic fallout have upended mobility. This report, with the Transport Decarbonisation Alliance (TDA), evaluates how countries, cities, and companies have allocated funds, directed policies, or launched actions that impact the transport sector. It provides evidence of how these interventions could shape long-term economic recovery that addresses climate, health, safety, and equity goals. This study analyzes roughly US$298 billion in global stimulus funds committed to the transport sector between March 2020 and February 2021. Of these funds, roughly 44% have gone to subsectors with positive implications for climate and sustainability goals. We are at a critical moment to steer national investments, local and country-level regulations, and private-sector commitments toward sustainable transport. The paper identifies several intersectional opportunities and explores five key opportunities and action areas for transport decarbonization and public-private participation for countries, cities, and companies. These areas are public transport, walking and bicycling, vehicle electrification, rail, and research and development (R&D). Actions in these areas can help decarbonize transport while creating jobs, increasing equity, improving road safety, and reducing air pollution.
Troika of Trade Openness, Poverty and Income Inequality: Empirical Evidence from Lower and Middle Income Countries
Authors: Sattar Rashid , Khan Rana Ejaz Ali
Published: June 2021

The current study investigates the relationship among trade openness, poverty and income inequality in the developing economies classified as lower and middle income countries. Kao and Fisher cointegration tests are employed to see the long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables. Panel cointegration regression is employed to calculate the magnitude of variables through FMOLS and DOLS techniques. The results demonstrate that interaction of these three variables differ for income groups of countries, however, trade openness and poverty increase income inequality in both groups. Similarly, income inequality decreases trade openness in both lower income and middle income groups of the economies. Trade openness increases poverty in lower income countries only. Poverty increases income inequality in lower income countries but in middle income countries it decreases trade openness. In the control variables the financial development has shown encouraging effect on trade openness in lower and middle income countries. GDP growth has shown positive impact on income inequality in lower income countries but negative impact in middle income countries. As trade openness has discoursing effect so the economies should carefully deal with the implications through proper policy framework.
FONCTIONNEMENT DU VOCABULAIRE TERMINOLOGIQUE ET PROFESSIONNEL EN FRANÇAIS
Authors: Ismatov Sarvar , Ermetova Dilovar
Published: June 2021

We live in an era of technological and information development, an era of many discoveries and innovations in science, technology and information. The effect of these processes on the structure of modern French is analyzed in the article.
ON THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH CONDUCTED IN 2020 IN THE NEW AKHI TERRITORY
Authors: Nasriddinov Shukrullo , Bekmirzayev Islomjon , Najmiddinov Abdulbositxon
Published: June 2021

Мақолада 2020 йилда Наманган вилояти Тўрақўрғон тумани Ахси қишлоғи худудига тўғри келувчи Темурийлар даврига оид Ахси шаҳрининг топографиясига оид археологик манбаларни аниқлаш мақсадида олиб борилган тадқиқотлар ҳақида маълумотлар берилган. Наманган давлат университети, Миллий археология маркази ҳамда Ахсикент археология мероси объектини муҳофаза қилиш ва тадқиқ этиш мажмуаси ҳамкорлигида олиб борилган археология қазиш ишлари натижасида қўлга киритилган моддий манбалар ва топилмалар атрофлича тахлил қилинади.
WATER CULT IN ANCIENT RELIGIOUS BELIEFS (Based on materials from the Fergana Valley)
Authors: Mavlonov Adham
Published: June 2021

В статье рассматривается отношение древних религиозных верований и верований к воде, роль воды как этнологического понятия в жизни человеческого общества, древние религиозные верования, лежащие в основе верований жителей Ферганской долины, связанных с водой, особенно просвечиваются следы зороастризма.
FEATURES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE OF ANCIENT FERGANA
Authors: Nurmukhamedova Shаira
Published: June 2021

Ушбу мақола Чустдан тортиб то эрта-ўрта аср давригача бўлган қадимги Фарғона ибодатхона архитектурасининг ҳудудий хусусиятларини очишга бағишланган. Етакчи археолог-фарғонашунослар (Абдулгазиева Б., Брыкина Г.А., Заднепровский Ю.А., Анарбаев А.А. ва бошқалар) нинг кўп йиллик тадқиқотларига таяниб ва уларни умумлаштириб, муаллиф Ўзбекистоннинг ушбу тарихий-маданий ҳудуди диний архитектураси шаклланиши ва ривожланиши босқичларини кузатишга уринган. Ибодатхона архитектурасида ўзига хос ҳажмий-режавий хусусиятларни аниқлаш, меросийлик (ҳам ички, ҳам ташқи) ва қўшни ҳудудлар билан ўзаро алоқа томонларини аниқлаш (масалан, Сўғд билан).
SHEN WU-JI AS AN IMPORTANT SOURCE IN THE HISTORY OF THE KOKAND KHANATE
Authors: Qo‘ldashev Sherali
Published: June 2021

В статье впервые анализируются сведения по истории Кокандского ханства, содержащиеся в произведении китайского историка Вэй Юаня «Шэнь у-цзы». В 4-ой и 5-ой главах Х тома освещены отношения Кокандского ханства с Восточным Туркестаном и Империей Цин, и события, связанные с восстанием Джахангир-ходжи в 1826 году.
VISIT OF CHINESE AMBASSADOR DUNG WAN TO FERGANA
Authors: Yuldashev Saidanvarbek
Published: June 2021

В статье на основе исторических источников и литературы освещается первый визит посла Китая Дунг Ванга в Фергану. Посол предоставляет важную информацию об истории Ферганского государства в 40-х годах V века, его политическом положении. Освещается история периода эфталитов, одного из наименее изученных периодов в истории Ферганы, проясняются даты присоединения долины к государству эфталитов, а также суждения об их отношениях с местной династией. Приводется интересные сведения об образовании Яйпанского ханства, его территории, обычаях его жителей.
THE HISTORY OF MASTERING VIRGIN LANDS OF CENTRAL FERGHANA (1953-1973)
Authors: Komilov Oybek
Published: June 2021

The article examines in detail the development of lands in Central Fergana, the state of irrigation, reclamation and land mechanization in the region in 1953-1973. under the conditions of the cotton monopoly. In addition, on the basis of primary sources, the measures taken by the Soviet government to develop the irrigation system in the valley and their consequences were analyzed.
ISSUES OF NEGLECT OF CHILDREN IN UZBEKISTAN: ON THE EXAMPLE OF FERGANA REGION (BASED ON ARCHIVAL MATERIALS)
Authors: Usmanov Farhod
Published: June 2021

В данной статье дана информация о детской беспризорности, о факторах ее происхождении , о мерах принятых по искоренению детской беспризорности в советское время в Узбекистане, частности в Ферганской области. Выявлены такие особенности охвата уличных беспризорных детей в детских учреждениях Ферганской области.
THE POLICY OF DEPRIVATION OF VOTING RIGHTS IN THE ELECTION PROCESS IN UZBEKISTAN IN 1928-1929
Authors: Yakubov Nazirjon
Published: June 2021

Статья посвящена анализу статистических данных по избирательным кампаниям 1928-1929 годов в Узбекской ССР. Советская избирательная система служила одним из самых популярных и эффективных способов укрепления власти своего времени. Под прикрытием выборов правительство поставило перед собой благородную цель нейтрализовать любым способом всякую силу, которая может оказаться его врагом. В связи с этим вопрос о предоставлении юридических доказательств и оснований для включения граждан в список баев и кулаков или лишения их избирательного права не имел особого значения.
COOPERATION IN THE CREATION OF NEWFANGLED SCHOOLS IN THE FERGHANA REGION
Authors: Isokboev Alisher
Published: June 2021

В данной статье раскрывается становление движения джадидизма в Ферганской области и отношения сотрудничества в создании новометодных школ с новыми и первичными источниками.
THE NATIONAL COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION OF THE FERGHANA VALLEY IN THE 30S OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors: Karimberdiev Akmaljon
Published: June 2021

В данной статье проанализированы результаты национально-территориальной размежевании в Средней Азии и ее результаты, Всесоюзная перепись населения в 1926 года и его итоги в районах Ферганской долины.
ARCHIVAL DOCUMENTS ON TURKESTAN AUTONOMY AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF DOCUMENTS FROM THE FERGANA REGIONAL STATE ARCHIVE)
Authors: Rasulov Mamurjon
Published: June 2021

В статье на основе документов Ферганского областного государственного архива проанализированы некоторые сведения о Туркестанской Автономии. В частности, были изучены документы, отражающие отношение к Туркестанской Автономии местного населения, местных органов управления и общественных организаций, а материалы, имебщие отношение к ее ликвидации.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE RESETTLEMENT POLICY IN THE ANDIJAN REGION
Authors: Abbasov Bekzod
Published: June 2021

В статье изучены проблемы развития сельского хозяйства УзССР в послевоенные годы. Советское руководство поставило перед правительством республики задачу дальнейшего развития  хлопководства. В результате сельское хозяйство, в первую очередь хлопководство стало приобретать приоритетное значение в экономике республики, что стало причиной для возникновения в дальнейшем негативной тенденции в социально-экономическом развитии Узбекской ССР в целом.
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF TRADITIONS AND STUDENT TRADITIONS
Authors: Jabbarov Rustam
Published: June 2021

Аждодларимизни бизга қолдирган маънавий хазиналарида ўринли ахамятга эгалиги асрдан – асрга,   авлоддан–авлодга ўтиб келаётган улуғ аждодларимизнинг  миллий - маънавий мероси дурдоналарини ташкил этувчи ва унинг шахс камолатидаги аҳамияти хақида маълумотлар келтирилган.
ARGUMENTS ON THE AHMAD FERGANI'S WORKING LIFE IN EGYPT
Authors: Xoldarov Akmal
Published: June 2021

Maqolada Farg’oniyning Marv, Damash va Misrga borishi va ilmiy faoliyatiga oid ma’lumotlar, fikrlar berilgan. Bundan tashqari maqolada "Miqyos an-Nil" ning qurilish tarixiga doir qiziqarli faktlar haqida so'z yuritiladi.
Experimental justification of the maximum possible concentration (MPC) of dichlorohexafluorobutene in a working area
Authors: Shkaeva IE , Dulov SA , Nikulina OS , Solnceva SA , Zemlyanoi AV
Published: June 2021

To date, there have been no exposure standards for air concentrations of 1,4-dichlorohexafluorobutene (DCHF) in the work areas. The study was aimed to assess the toxicity of DCHF and to evaluate health hazard in acute, subacute, and chronic experiments. It was found that the substance was highly hazardous, DL50 in mice after intragastric injection was 79.0 mg/kg, СL50 was 229.0 mg/m3, and in rats these values were 86,0 mg/kg and 670,0 mg/m3. In animals, DCHF had a moderate local irritative effect on animal skin and ocular mucous membranes, as well as the skin resorptive effect. The 18.2 mg/m3 threshold limit concentration for a single inhalation exposure to DCHF was defined based on the changes in behavior responses and blood parameters. The 30-day subacute inhalation experiment revealed the pronounced cumulative effect of the substance. The 4-months chronic inhalation study showed that the exposure of experimental rats to 16.8 mg/m3 concentration of DCHF resulted in impaired function of central nervous system and cardiac activity, altered hematologic, biochemical, acid-base, and blood gas values, as well as in morphological alterations in lungs, which persisted after the 30-day recovery period. The chronic exposure threshold defined for DCHF was 2.2 mg/m3, and the defined no observable effect level was 0.24 mg/m3. Based on the study results, the maximum permissible concentration of DCHF in the air of the working area of 0.2 mg/m3 was confirmed and approved, the substance was assigned hazard class 2, vapor + aerosol + (specific protection of skin and eyes required). Gas chromatographic method using electron-capture detection for determination of DCHF mass air concentration in the work areas has been developed and approved.
The New Manifestations of External Debt in Developing Countries From 2000 to 2019
Authors:   Van Lang University, 45 Nguyen Khac Nhu Street, Co Giang Ward, District 1, Hochiminh City, Vietnam, Hanh Vu Thi Kim
Published: June 2021

The paper analyzes the new manifestations of external debt in developing countries from 2000 to 2019, author uses the analytical qualitative and quantitative method, the findings are (1) the external debt is trended by groups of country, (2) external debt stocks of PPG long term debt, PNG long term debt rose between 2000 and 2019, (3) The percentage of GDP of External debt stocks decreased, PNG long term debt and short term debt slightly went up between 2000 and 2019, (4) East and South-East Asia and Oceania and Latin America and the Caribbean have exchange the top and second position of highest amount in both 2018 and 2000, (5) Debt service on long-term external PPG of SIDS is helds the biggest amount of debt between 2000 and 2019, (6) The redemption schedules of both High-income countries and Low- and middle-income countries both increased the amount of redemption which is from around 2 to 2.32 tril USD and 0.67 to 1.07 tril USD in 2000 and 2021, respectively. This shows us that at least they have solution how to get resolved their external debt.