bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE STUDY OF THE TOPIC SYNONYMY AND RHYTHM IN THE WORKS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN LINGUISTS
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of ", F. Alimova Sevara ,   Chinese Philology",   Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2023

This article describes the study of the topic synonymy and rhythm in the works of domestic and foreign linguists. Synonymy demonstrates the richness and diversity of the language. The presence of a large number of synonyms creates ample opportunities for the transmission of thoughts and feelings, makes speech flexible and expressive. The richer the lexical synonymy, the more possibilities of semantic expression, the higher the expressive potential of the language. N. M. Karamzin considers synonyms a source of language enrichment:"
Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Gorachinov Filip , Mraiche Fatima , Moustafa Diala Alhaj , Hishari Ola , Ismail Yomna , Joseph Jensa , Crcarevska Maja Simonoska , Dodov Marija Glavas , Geskovski Nikola , Goracinova Katerina
Published: February 2023

Genomic and proteomic mutation analysis is the standard of care for selecting candidates for therapies with tyrosine kinase inhibitors against the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR TKI therapies) and further monitoring cancer treatment efficacy and cancer development. Acquired resistance due to various genetic aberrations is an unavoidable problem during EGFR TKI therapy, leading to the rapid exhaustion of standard molecularly targeted therapeutic options against mutant variants. Attacking multiple molecular targets within one or several signaling pathways by co-delivery of multiple agents is a viable strategy for overcoming and preventing resistance to EGFR TKIs. However, because of the difference in pharmacokinetics among agents, combined therapies may not effectively reach their targets. The obstacles regarding the simultaneous co-delivery of therapeutic agents at the site of action can be overcome using nanomedicine as a platform and nanotools as delivery agents. Precision oncology research to identify targetable biomarkers and optimize tumor homing agents, hand in hand with designing multifunctional and multistage nanocarriers that respond to the inherent heterogeneity of the tumors, may resolve the challenges of inadequate tumor localization, improve intracellular internalization, and bring advantages over conventional nanocarriers.
Biodiversity Research for Sustainable Development: Can It Be Achieved?
Authors:   Bioversity International, Malaysia and SEARCA, Philippines, Sajise Percy
Published: February 2023

Biodiversity is said to be the "heart of sustainable agricultural systems." Biodiversity research is envisioned to provide a better understanding of development issues so that better policy responses, management practices and actions will ultimately redound to a better quality of life for all, especially the poor. It is in this light that the Philippines-Netherlands Biodiversity Research Programme for Development is revisited and analyzed in this paper. This and other similar projects provide lessons for capacity development at the community, national, regional and international levels. To proceed with its analysis, the paper fleshes out the framework of sustainable development, situating the role of biodiversity in determining the pathway of development. As shown, biodiversity, as an element of the natural resource base, and in concert with technology and sociocultural factors, will continue to be relevant in a rapidly changing and increasingly globalized world. It also presents the sustainable livelihood framework to illustrate that biodiversity alone, being only one component of natural capital, cannot alleviate poverty if nothing is done with the other capital assets. One important lesson gleaned from the analysis of biodiversity research is that not all biodiversity is good. The key is to better understand the interactions between various levels and how these can be harnessed into positive interactions to produce a productive, stable and sustainable resource base. Another emerging lesson is that biodiversity can be conserved in agroecosystems if the poor resource users can be enabled to use it to improve their assets in the context of the sustainable livelihood framework. The effective management and conservation of agricultural biodiversity can be achieved through product value addition and link to market, germplasm enhancement, and participatory plant breeding, among others.
Non-Tariff Measures Faced by Philippine Agricultural Exports in East Asia
Authors:   Philippine Institute of Development Studies, Pasadilla Gloria , Liao Christine Marie ,   Philippine Institute of Development Studies
Published: February 2023

Many consider non-tariff measures (NTMs) as another protectionist stratagem to prevent exports, especially of agriculture, from developing countries. Philippine exporters seem to be taking things in stride, however. The estimated cost of less than 3% of sales borne by a Philippine food exporter due to compliance with certification requirements is less than three percent of sales—relatively insignificant. However, the increased cost from NTMs can adversely affect small-scale industries and exporters that sell products to low-margin foreign markets. The paper also traces the Philippine export products affected by non-tariff measures imposed by East Asian markets. In all, the NTMs of Japan, Korea, and China affect a total of US million of Philippine agriculture exports to these markets, or 2% to 22% of Philippine agricultural exports in these three countries.
Comparative and Competitive Advantage of the Shrimp Industry in Mekong River Delta, Vietnam
Authors:   Can Tho University, Vietnam, Kiet Nguyen Tuan , Sumalde Zenaida ,   University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippine
Published: February 2023

Given the growing prominence of Vietnam's fishery products in the world market, this study examines data on shrimp aquaculture in the country, as practiced through intensive and semi-intensive methods, in two provinces in the Mekong River Delta region. The study estimates the comparative and competitive advantage of the shrimp industry using various approaches, namely: 1) the RCA or revealed comparative advantage; 2). the Policy Analysis Method (PAM) method to calculate the resource cost ratio (RCR) and RCR* indices; and 3) the Net Social Profitability (NSP) and Net Private Profitability (NPP). To identify the effects of changes in key factors affecting competitive and comparative advantage, a sensitivity analysis is conducted. The results show that Vietnam's shrimp products maintain a strong competitive position in the world market, as evidenced by an RCA greater than 1. The RCR and RCR* estimates bordering on zero also indicate the strong comparative and competitive advantage of the shrimp industry. These findings are bolstered as well by the resulting NSP and NPP estimates. Furthermore, in terms of farming methods, the lower RCR and RCR* estimates for the intensive farms confirm their higher comparative and competitive advantage, compared to the semi-intensive model. Finally, the sensitivity analysis shows that the comparative and competitive advantage of shrimp is strongly sensitive to the price of feed, exchange rate, shrimp yield, and export price. The wage rate also exhibits a slight effect on the industry's standing in the world market. Improving the productivity and quality of shrimp is shown to be vital to the MRD shrimp industry because this would translate into a higher export price and higher yield of shrimp, which will further enhance the industry's comparative and competitive advantage.
Religious Festivities and Marketing of Small Ruminants in Central Java – Indonesia
Authors:   Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia, Budisatria I Gede , Baliarti Endang ,   Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia, Murti Tridjoko ,   Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia, Udo Henk ,   Wageningen University, The Netherlands, van der Zijpp Akke ,   Wageningen University, The Netherlands
Published: February 2023

Indonesia is a country where small ruminants are important in religious festivities. This study analyzes small ruminant marketing opportunities on account of the Moslem feast of sacrifice, Idul Adha, in three agroecological zones in Central Java. Small ruminant marketing is classified into three categories, namely: 1) good – the market situation associated with the religious feast of Idul Adha; 2) risky –usually occurring in August and September when farmers need cash to prepare the paddy fields and to pay school fees; and 3) normal – which is how the market situation may be described in the other parts of the year. A total of 150 farmers are visited monthly, over a period of one year, to observe their marketing strategies and the economic benefits gained from keeping small ruminants. Sheep fattening on the basis of rice bran supplementation is explored as a feasible innovation for the lowlands. Ten small ruminant markets are monitored two times corresponding to each of the three market situations. Added to this, 42 roadside sellers and 44 mosques are visited. The supply, demand, price, and weight of animals offered at the markets show a peak during Idul Adha. In the lowlands and middle zone, sheep are preferred over goats as sacrificial offerings during Idul Adha. In the uplands, goats dominate the farming system and the small ruminants' markets. The Idul Adha market requires male ruminants of one year of age with a bodyweight of above 25 kilograms. The majority of the farmers are not able to adjust the raising of their small ruminants in time for Idul Adha, because of their small flock sizes and the fact that they have to sell their animals to meet urgent cash needs, in particular at the end of the dry season and the start of the school year. Farmers possess minimal marketing information and usually complain about the prices they receive for their merchandise. The raising of these animals is only a secondary activity on these mixed farms. Value added estimates from small ruminants per hour of family labor input are 33–38 percent below the minimum wage labor rate. The proposed innovation to introduce sheep fattening in the lowlands for Idul Adha proves to be economically viable; however, the number of sheep that households can fatten is limited.
Risk Management Strategies for Drought-Prone Rice Cultivation: A Case Study of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors:   Tamil Nadu University, India, Selvaraj K.N.
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to understand the issues associated with rainfed rice production in dry and semidry areas in Tamil Nadu, India. Farmers face risks such as input, output, market-price, and income, as these areas are prone to rainfall shortage. Secondary data about Tamil Nadu and various waterlimited rice environments were studied. A farm survey of 230 farm households in selected districts was conducted in 2001-02 and 2003-04. Fertilizer use in rainfed areas was reduced due to rainfall shortage. In drought period, crop response to fertilizer declined, causing a decrease in rice yields. Yield variability was higher (44 percent to 60 percent) in drought-prone areas. In rainfed areas, a 10-percent increase in drought risk resulted in a 5.4 percent decline in the yield of modern varieties. In contrast, the effect on landraces was minimal. Farmers in the rainfed areas are operating at sub-optimal level of production. About 90 percent were inefficient since crop yields were lower than the optimal yield. Farmers incurred an additional cost of Rs 899 to increase yield by 228 kg/ha. An increase in rice productivity by one ton per hectare would replace rice area by 189,208 hectares in Tamil Nadu. Area expansion under rice was noticed in the selected rainfed areas, revealing that infusing high productivity traits in drought-tolerant rice varieties enable farmers to allocate part of their land to other crops. Traits (genetic and marketability) of widely adopted modern varieties and landraces should be considered in breeding varieties for water-limited environments to earn profits. The results confirm that drought intensity is higher during the maximum-tillering stage, therefore, continued research on development of drought-tolerant rice varieties to withstand early drought is crucial. Finally, rice income variability in rainfed areas was explained more by variability in yields rather than prices both during normal and risk periods. In other areas, income variability was due to price variability. Yield stabilization would be more effective in keeping revenues stable in rainfed areas, while price stabilization, is an appropriate strategy for reducing revenue risk in irrigated areas.
Agricultural Development, Nutrition, and the Policies Behind China's Success
Authors:   China Center for Agricultural Policy, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, China, Huang Jikun , Rozelle Scott ,   University of California Davis, USA
Published: February 2023

The emergence of China as an economic power is one of the miracle growth stories of the last part of the 20th century and the early part of the 21st century. Its economy has been the fastest growing compared with the economies of the world since 1980 (World Bank 2002). Growth has occurred in all sectors, including agriculture. Poverty has fallen. In the past 30 years, based on China's official poverty line, the absolute level of poverty fell from 260 million in 1978 to 14.8 million in 2007 (NSBC 2008). Moreover, the general welfare of most of the population has increased markedly. Many indicators of nutritional status have improved. For example, the number of children with low body weight fell by more than half (Turgis 2008). In fact, by the end of 2007 China had achieved many of its Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
Rice Price Crisis: Causes, Impacts, and Solutions
Authors:   International Rice Research Institute, Pandey Sushil , Bhandari Humnath ,   International Rice Research Institute, Sulser Timothy ,   International Food Policy Research Institute, Rosegrant Mark ,   International Food Policy Research Institute
Published: February 2023

A rapid increase in food grain prices in the first half of 2008 has diverted global attention to the food crisis. Rice, the staple food of millions of Asia’s poor, is not only an economic good but also a political commodity. The price of rice escalated in May due to a number of shortand long-term factors, with the export price exceeding USD 1000 per ton. Keeping the price of rice low, thus making the commodity affordable to the poor, is critically important in reducing poverty. Poor households spend a substantial portion of their incomes on rice; an increase in rice price is equivalent to a reduction in their real incomes. This paper analyzes the factors that have contributed to the rapid rise in rice price and assesses the impact of price upsurge on poverty. A scenario analysis on rice prices was conducted through projection of long-term demand and supply of rice. The final section of the paper includes short- and long-term solutions to the price crisis.
Development Pathways in the Philippine Uplands: Impacts and Influences on Forest Resource Management and Human Well-Being
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Baños, Espiritu Nena , Casin Ma. Cynthia ,   University of the Philippines Los Baños, Camacho Sofronio ,   Forestry Development Center, University of the Philippines Los Baños
Published: February 2023

The poor performance of various people-oriented forestry projects has prompted the government to adopt the Community-based Forest Management (CBFM) program as the development pathway for addressing upland poverty and deforestation. The Program is based on the premise that if local communities were given access to, control of, and benefits from forest resources, they will be transformed into responsible stewards and partners in the promotion of sustainable forest management. This paper documents and evaluates the impacts and influences of the CBFM strategy on upland development pathways, forest resource management, and the well-being of upland communities. Findings were derived from household and key informant interviews of 20 People's Organizations that were awarded CBFM projects in various areas. The well-being of CBFM participants improved, as evidenced by the marked increase in income over the benchmark income before they were awarded a CBFM project; acquisition of several household and farm assets, which were before uncommon to forest-dependent communities; and generation of employment in the community. The CBFM program has achieved an increase in forest cover compared with past reforestation projects. Policy implications on development pathways in the uplands were also drawn.
Market Integration and Price Causality in the Myanmar Rice Market
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics, Yezin Agricultural University, Myint Theingi , Bauer Siegfried ,   Justus-Liebig University, Germany
Published: February 2023

In Myanmar, rice is an invaluable commodity both as a staple food and a source of high foreign exchange earnings through export. The country's agricultural economy has been transitioning from a planned economy to a market system since the late 1980s; however, the government has yet to engage in full-scale rice export deregulation. Therefore, Myanmar's rice marketing system works within the boundaries and limitations of a halfway-liberalized economy, inevitably eliciting questions about its performance. Using the Engle and Granger two-step co-integration method and the restructured Ravallion model of unrestricted vector auto-regression (VAR) error correction form, three surplus markets, three deficit markets, and Thai rice price series were tested to determine market integration and price causality. All price series were monthly data in both nominal and real values from 2001 to 2004. Results revealed that in the domestic market, integration was weak in real value of rice price, and the supply side eventually depended on the demand side. Price co-integration did not exist between Myanmar and Thai rice prices in real value, reflecting market segmentation. Consequently, accurate price information from international rice market price over time was unavailable for Myanmar rice price movement. Looking at the direction of rice price causality, deficit market prices were driving the consumer price index (CPI), and the CPI was forcing the surplus rice market price. Hence, deficit markets are the prime movers in rice price changes in Myanmar. Market integration suggests that the government should focus on managing inflationary pressure instead of being directly involved in the rice marketing sector in order to control the domestic rice price stability in the long run. Government monopoly in rice export has caused segmentation between domestic and international markets. If private rice export was permitted via trade policies, the marketing system would be able to transfer correct price signals from the world market to the producers, consumers, market participants, and finally, the government. Only then will Myanmar's rice market not be isolated from the international market and get the right price co-integration that may push the efficient market-oriented economy to move faster.
PAFERN: Advancing Philippine Agroforestry Education and Research via Networking
Authors:   Institute of Agroforestry, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Landicho Leila
Published: February 2023

Agroforestry education in the Philippines is already 30 years old. While there was interest among the state colleges and universities to offer various agroforestry education programs in the Philippines, these institutions were faced with a number of issues, development needs, and challenges that hindered program implementation. This article highlights the significant contributions of the Philippine Agroforestry Education and Research Network (PAFERN) in strengthening the quality of agroforestry education in the Philippines. It argues that institutional capacity-building programs of PAFERN made a difference in the current state of agroforestry education in the Philippines. These include building staff capability, establishing learning resources and support facilities, developing institutional linkages, providing access to agroforestry information, and enhancing policy advocacy programs. PAFERN's experiences in strengthening agroforestry education in the Philippines only prove that creative networking and implementation of need-driven capacity-building programs would help advance a specific field or area of concern. PAFERN should continue providing institutional capacitybuilding programs to sustain its relationships, resources, and relevance in a changing world.
Spatial Distribution of Farm-Family Resources in the Mid-Hills of Nepal
Authors:   Institute of Agricultural Economics, University of Hohenheim, Germany, Bhatta Gopal Datt , Doppler Werner ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, University of Hohenheim, Germany
Published: February 2023

The location of farm households along the spatial gradient affects resource availability and farmersâ€™ livelihoods. Many socioeconomic variables have strong spatial affinity that would otherwise be overlooked by data aggregation at household levels. The Geographic Information System (GIS) displays and analyzes socioeconomic data that could aid many social researchers in understanding socioeconomic reality influenced by geographical positions. This paper aims to integrate socioeconomic data into a GIS environment. It examines spatial tendencies of farm-family resources in the mid-hills of Nepal using spatial and random sampling techniques. Farmers living in relatively flat lands and nearby urban centers have small families, higher level of education, farm and family income. In addition, they have small agricultural holdings and engage in commercial farming. Meanwhile, the opposite applies to farmers living in the hills. These spatial differences are related mainly to road, market, and other infrastructure that are crucial for agricultural development and livelihood enhancement. Strong spatial trend in socioeconomic aspects and farm-family resource availability infer the need to focus development activities spatially.
THE LITTLE THINGS (2021): A CRITICAL STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SE7EN (1995)
Authors: Trivedi Chetan N. , Raval Rohal S.
Published: February 2023

The present paper attempts to offer a critical analysis of John Lee Hancock’s neo-noir crime thriller The Little Things (2021). Apart from the readily apparent intertextual indebtedness of Hancock’s film to David Fincher’s classic neo-noir crime thriller Se7en (1995), a critical and comparative study of similarities and differences between the two films makes it apparent that while both dismantle the notion of individual moral infallibility even if the person happens to be a law enforcement official, Hancock’s film not only creates an equally morally complex world but one which explores additional themes of individual guilt, complicity, and cover-up; uncertainty or ambiguity that prevents mental peace and closure; the possibility, justification, and reasonableness of turning saviour for a member of the police force who ends up committing a crime due to an error of judgement or after being provoked by the suspected criminal; the degree to which the personal lives of police officers investigating gruesome crimes such as serial killings could be adversely affected; the error of assuming guilt based on past misdemeanours and unintended consequences of police interrogation; and law enforcement officials overreaching their powers while acting upon their conviction or hunch, desperately wanting facts to conform to their theories. Moreover, the ending of The Little Things can arguably be said to be more ambiguous, disturbing, shocking, and unsettling compared to that of Se7en on the one hand yet more humane on the other which enables the film to have a distinct pride of place within the noir-crime genre.
A STUDY ON CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS HANDCRAFTED GOODS SOLD AT HANDLOOM RETAIL OUTLETS
Authors: Trivedi Pulkit , Pal Ruma
Published: February 2023

This study aims to ascertain the perception of handcrafted goods sold at handloom retail outlets. In this study, we attempt to determine the relationship between numerous elements and how they influence customer perception of handloom items. We employed a structured questionnaire for data collection, whereas SPSS Software was used for data analysis.
A sample of 200 respondents was obtained to assess the model's dependability. The research's findings, conclusion, obstacles, and future scope have been examined. This study was conducted in Gujarat. In this study, customer awareness is the dependent variable, while other factors, including price, packaging, celebrity endorsement, store accessibility, etc., are independent. Therefore, weavers are advised to maintain high quality and distinguish handloom items from those produced by power looms and other factories. In order to improve customer satisfaction among cooperative societies, handloom traders, and master weavers, they must focus on increasing customer awareness through various communication channels, providing discounts and special offers, improving quality, after-sales service, branding, online purchasing, and packaging among other things.
MAPPING THE SYLLABUS AND STUDY GAP IN ENGLISH SUBJECT: FROM SCHOOL TO UNIVERSITY - AN ANALYSIS
Authors: Joshi Jagdish , Gulestan (Mehta) Dilber
Published: February 2023

The present study aims to map reasons that are responsible for the problems that students face in English subject at college level in Professional Courses. Here the English curriculum being based on ESP (English for specific Purpose), there is a focus on the 4 language skills development to suffice the needs of the Industry. The major causes that can be traced for the difficulties faced by students are due to the gap in the School and College syllabus. In addition to this, there are other factors that are responsible for their learning difficulties. The researcher has tried to find out the causes and analyze the most dominant factors responsible for the same.
These research findings can help the policy and decision makers in future to bridge the gap between the syllabus of school and college and further help the students for a better performance and interest in the subject for their career enhancement.
The present study is done with the help of factor analysis method and the students under study are the first year students of B.Sc.IT who have submitted their opinions based on their personal experiences after studying the 1st year syllabus of Communication Skills in English.
Issues on serial verb constructions in Medumba
Authors: Kouankem Constantine
Published: February 2023

This study attempts to account for the analysis of the interaction between the syntactic structure and the semantic outcome of serial verb constructions in Mə̀dʉ́mbɑ́, an East Grassfields Bantu language spoken in the Nde division, WestRegion of Cameroon. It builds from natural data collected from field informants and native speakers’ intuitive knowledge of the language to provide an in-depth descriptive analysis of Mə̀dʉ́mbɑ́ serial verb constructions from a morpho-syntactic and semantic perspective. In this view, the article examines the structural characteristics of SVCs in the language and brings up a semantic typology of SVCs in Mə̀dʉ́mbɑ́. The discussion of the morpho-syntactic manifestation of SVCs goes in line with Ameka (2005) while the overall analysis is undertaken from a descriptive grammar perspective. The paper also attempts a compositional semantic analysis of SVCs in the language.
MODELLING AVIATION INDUSTRY'S RECOVERY FROM COVID-19 BASED ON PAST CRISES EXPERIENCE
Authors: Von der Brelie Jorgen , Arce Lemke Axel
Published: February 2023

The aviation industry has experienced many crises, out of which it usually departed with a strong rebound. Looking at the timescale, it is justified to argue that about every 10 years, a major crisis occurs. While this frequency appears to be rather stable, the severity of the downturn differs in magnitude. Thereby, general economic development and air traffic development are connected, with the later one being more volatile. This volatility, however, is not just true for the downturn, but also for the rebound following the crisis.

 

Taking a close look at the temporal sequence of past crises like e.g. 9/11 or the Global Financial Crisis a clear pattern can be identified. The recovery of the aviation industry lags behind the recovery of the general economy, but rebounds stronger. To determine a quantitative relation of how much stronger the aviation industry recovers compared to the general economy, a model was developed based on the data of past crises. With a detailed focus on the recovery phase, this paper gives a forecast on how the rebound following the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to develop.
Zur Geschichte des Eigengebrauchs im schweizerischen Urheberrecht- Entwicklung, Erkenntnisse, Quellen
Authors: Thouvenin Florent , Messerle Eva-Maria
Published: February 2023

Die Regelung des Eigengebrauchs ist die wichtigste Schranke des schweizerischen Urheberrechts. Sie stellt den Gebrauch urheberrechtlich geschützter Werke durch Private, im Unterricht und innerhalb von Unternehmen und anderen Organisationen weitgehend frei, sieht für gewisse Nutzungen aber Vergütungen vor. Von blossen Fragmenten im ersten Urheberrechtsgesetz bis zur heutigen Regelung wurde die Schranke kontinuierlich erweitert. Treibende Kraft waren der technische Fortschritt, der neue Nutzungshandlungen ermöglichte, und die Entwicklung auf internationaler Ebene. Dieses Büchlein zeichnet die historische Entwicklung nach, stellt die relevanten Quellen zur Verfügung und liefert damit die Grundlagen für eine fundierte historische Auslegung der heutigen Regelung.
Urine Bilirubin Related With the Milk Likeliness
Authors: Batool Uzma , Imran Qadir Muhammad , Riaz Sumaira , Hussain Syed Bilal
Published: February 2023

The aim of present study was to relate the urine bilirubin with milk likeliness Bilirubin is a substance of yellow color produced during normal process of body when red blood cells are broken down. It is fluid present in the liver. It helps in the digestion process of body. If bilirubin is present in the urine it may be sign of liver disordered. A urine test was performed by using urine strips for this purpose. The students which show positive sign for urine bilirubin had more attention towards milk drinking as compare to the students with negative sign.
Propuesta de Comisión Calificadora Autónoma para el Seguro Laboral Chileno
Authors: Singer Marcos , Olivares Francisco
Published: February 2023

La crisis de legitimidad que afecta a Chile provoca que todas las instituciones, tanto públicas como privadas, se replanteen su rol en la sociedad. En este artículo se analiza a los participantes del Seguro Social contra Riesgos de Accidentes del Trabajo y Enfermedades Profesionales, centrándose en los procesos de interrelación entre los organismos administradores del seguro laboral y los participantes de la salud común. Si bien existe un problema de legitimidad del sistema debido al rol de ‘juez y parte’ de los organismos administradores del seguro laboral, en este artículo se profundizan otros inconvenientes relacionados con las posibles ineficiencias existentes en la relación entre los participantes, los cuales pueden acentuar el malestar social hacia el seguro. Los problemas se relacionan con la eficiencia de los prestadores de salud, la burocracia excesiva, el proceso de rendición de cuenta de las instituciones, la incidencia indirecta en la salud de los pacientes y los sesgos en la elección del sistema de salud de primera atención. Como solución se propone retomar una política pública olvidada: la creación de una Comisión Calificadora Autónoma que externalice la determinación de la calificación de la enfermedad del trabajador. Para solucionar las ineficiencias descritas con anterioridad, se proponen otras funciones de esta institución que permitan, entre otras tareas, una interacción expedita entre los sistemas de salud y la continuidad de tratamiento a través de los organismos administradores del seguro laboral, lo cual no se permite en la actualidad.
Efficacy of AYUSH Common Yoga protocol along with Surya Namaskar on the Dyslipidemia subjects in Haryana
Authors: Arya Jaideep , Singh Divya , Manav Harshit , Maity Kalyan , Bhat Yashvee , Vinayak Rohin , Jyoti Saras , Ahuja Shweta , Gautam Monika , Kaur Navneet , Arya Jyoti , Singh Gurmeet , Avti Pramod
Published: February 2023

Background: Dyslipidemia might be the cause of many cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Yoga intervention is known to prevent the progression of various lifestyle-based health conditions. Dyslipidemia marks the onset of early CVD, and a Yoga based-intervention at this stage might reverse the progression. Aim: To analyze the effect of AYUSH Common Yoga Protocol (CYP) and CYP combined with Surya Namaskar (CYP-SN) on dyslipidemia subjects in Haryana. Method: A three-arm randomized controlled trial was carried out in which ninety individuals were allocated into three groups, CYP group, CYP-SN group and control group. Result: The three-month intervention resulted in elevation of HDL- cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the group that had undergone CYP protocol, as well as CYP-SN protocol, implying the benefits of Surya Namaskar in modifying lipid profile reflecting an improvement in the dyslipidemia. Conclusion: CYP and CYP-SN Yoga group when practiced regularly for a sustained period can help in reducing co-morbidity and severe CVD in subjects with dyslipidemia. When implemented in dynamic way, CYP-SN has shown to have a greater impact in management of dyslipidemia.
The efficacy of selected acupuncture points UB 2, TW 23, GB 37, GB 1, EX 3, on myopia – case report
Authors: Tamilarasi G. , Mangaiarkarasi N. , Princy L. Anto
Published: February 2023

Myopia is a community health problem worldwide. The cause of myopia is both equally environmental and genetic risk factors. It occurs in more than 50% of the people in many developed countries and is approximate to be very high; the risk associated with axial elongation from myopia is the 6th foremost leading cause of blindness. People with undiagnosed short-sightedness including eyestrain and headache from stress clearly glimpse things in space. Short-sightedness also can be the outcome of the vision outermost of the cornea that is too curved for the level of the eyeball or a lens that is too solid. Acupuncture is one of the oldest and most typically used balancing and opportunity scientific treatments around the globe. Acupuncture is the training of inserting and manipulating needles into the superficial skin, subcutaneous tissue, and mucks of the body at specific acupuncture points.This study aims to find the effect of acupuncture points on vision and the power of the lens in people with myopia.
The role of Yoga Practice in Management of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Dahiya Neelam , Kumari Swati , Rain Manjari , Kumar Rupesh , Singh Gurmeet
Published: February 2023

Background: Yoga has quickly risen to one of the common complementary and alternative medicine) practice worldwide. Yoga has been useful in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary artery diseases (CAD). Many evidences suggest that Yoga is safe and efficacious in reducing various risk factors of CAD such as stress, anxiety, depression, diabetes and hypertension. Yoga also improves quality of life, and reduces other psychological burdens in patients of CAD. Summary: We intend here to look into the available literature on the role of Yoga in CAD, how Yoga can be an alternative and cost-effective model for cardiac rehabilitation worldwide, especially in low-income countries. Key message: Yoga has been associated with improvement in general health, prevention of cardiovascular risk factor and of other non-communicable diseases. Yoga has shown improvement in BMI, blood pressure, lipid profile, slows lesion progression in CAD. However, the biomolecules through which Yoga acts on body is unclear in CAD. There should be emphasis on yoga practice at community level which is the need in current era.
The DESI Survey Validation: Results from Visual Inspection of the Quasar Survey Spectra
Authors: Alexander David M. , Davis Tamara M. , Chaussidon E. , Fawcett V. A. , X. Gonzalez-Morales Alma , Lan Ting-Wen , Yèche Christophe , Ahlen S. , Aguilar J. N. , Armengaud E. , Bailey S. , Brooks D. , Cai Z. , Canning R. , Carr A. , Chabanier S. , Cousinou Marie-Claude , Dawson K. , de la Macorra A. , Dey A. , Dey Biprateep , Dhungana G. , Edge A. C. , Eftekharzadeh S. , Fanning K. , Farr James , Font-Ribera A. , Garcia-Bellido J. , Garrison Lehman , Gaztañaga E. , A Gontcho Satya Gontcho , Gordon C. , Medellin Gonzalez Stefany Guadalupe , Guy J. , Herrera-Alcantar Hiram K. , Jiang L. , Juneau S. , Karaçaylı N. G. , Kehoe R. , Kisner T. , Kovács A. , Landriau M. , Levi Michael E. , Magneville C. , Martini P. , Meisner Aaron M. , Mezcua M. , Miquel R. , Camacho P. Montero , Moustakas J. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez Andrea , Myers Adam D. , Nadathur S. , Napolitano L. , Nie J. D. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Pan Z. , Percival W. J. , Pérez-Ràfols I. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Ramírez-Pérez César , Ravoux C. , Rosario D. J. , Schubnell M. , Tarlé Gregory , Walther M. , Weiner B. , Youles S. , Zhou Zhimin , Zou H. , Zou Siwei
Published: February 2023

A key component of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey validation (SV) is a detailed visual inspection (VI) of the optical spectroscopic data to quantify key survey metrics. In this paper we present results from VI of the quasar survey using deep coadded SV spectra. We show that the majority (≈70%) of the main-survey targets are spectroscopically confirmed as quasars, with ≈16% galaxies, ≈6% stars, and ≈8% low-quality spectra lacking reliable features. A nonnegligible fraction of the quasars are misidentified by the standard spectroscopic pipeline, but we show that the majority can be recovered using post-pipeline “afterburner” quasar-identification approaches. We combine these “afterburners” with our standard pipeline to create a modified pipeline to increase the overall quasar yield. At the depth of the main DESI survey, both pipelines achieve a good-redshift purity (reliable redshifts measured within 3000 km s−1) of ≈99%; however, the modified pipeline recovers ≈94% of the visually inspected quasars, as compared to ≈86% from the standard pipeline. We demonstrate that both pipelines achieve a median redshift precision and accuracy of ≈100 km s−1 and ≈70 km s−1, respectively. We constructed composite spectra to investigate why some quasars are missed by the standard pipeline and find that they are more host-galaxy dominated (i.e., distant analogs of “Seyfert galaxies”) and/or more dust reddened than the standard-pipeline quasars. We also show example spectra to demonstrate the overall diversity of the DESI quasar sample and provide strong-lensing candidates where two targets contribute to a single spectrum.
Identification of Galaxy Shreds in Large Photometric Catalogs Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Di Teodoro Enrico M. , Peek J. E. G. , Wu John F.
Published: February 2023

Contamination from galaxy fragments, identified as sources, is a major issue in large photometric galaxy catalogs. In this paper, we prove that this problem can be easily addressed with computer vision techniques. We use image cutouts to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) to identify cataloged sources that are in reality just star-formation regions and/or shreds of larger galaxies. The CNN reaches an accuracy ∼98% on our testing data sets. We apply this CNN to galaxy catalogs from three among the largest surveys available today: the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys, and the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System Survey. We find that, even when strict selection criteria are used, all catalogs still show a ∼5% level of contamination from galaxy shreds. Our CNN gives a simple yet effective solution to clean galaxy catalogs from these contaminants.
The Origin of Persistently Nonthermal Solar Wind Electrons: the Steady Electron Runaway Model's Demonstration of Dreicer Bifurcation using Measured
E∥
and Ion–Electron Coulomb Drag
Authors: Scudder Jack D.
Published: February 2023

The Steady Electron Runaway Model (SERM) develops the hypothesis that the solar wind’s observed ubiquitous nonthermal electron velocity distribution functions (eVDFs) are caused by Dreicer's velocity space bifurcation in the strong dimensionless

E

∥

required by quasi-neutrality. SERM’s predicted partitions for the pressure and density are contrasted with appropriately adapted eVDF properties from the Wind 3DP experiment (1995–1998), based on in situ observations of

E

∥

. The observed number fraction of electrons in runaway, δ
3DP, follows a thousandfold decline of Dreicer’s predicted fraction, δ, across the observed tenfold reduction of

E

∥

, satisfying δ
3DP ≃ δ
0.89. SERM’s predictions are shown to reproduce the observed variations with

E

∥

of the electron partial pressure and excess kurtosis,



e

.



e

and

E

∥

are positively correlated across 4 yr, as expected by the SERM–Dreicer origin of the suprathermals. SERM quantitatively explains the observed 50 yr anticorrelation between δ
3DP and the partition slope temperature ratios. This documentation quantitatively establishes Coulomb runaway physics as the missing determinant of the ubiquitous nonthermal solar wind eVDF. Astrophysical plasmas, like stellar winds, are unavoidably inhomogeneous, requiring

E

∥

to enforce quasi-neutrality. Between the stars

E

∥

is expected to be sufficiently large that measurable runaway density fractions (0.1%–30%) will occur, producing widespread leptokurtic eVDFs. Using inhomogeneous two-fluid information, SERM predicts spatially dependent leptokurtic eVDF profiles consonant with Coulomb collisions and the fluid’s E
∥(r). SERM can also comment on its eVDFs’ consistency with Maxwellians presumed in the Spitzer–Härm closure. The solar wind profile shows the implied strong radial gradient of the plasma eVDF’s transformation from near thermal to strongly leptokurtic across 1.5–6 R
⊙.
A Swing of the Pendulum: The Chemodynamics of the Local Stellar Halo Indicate Contributions from Several Radial Merger Events
Authors: Donlon Thomas , Newberg Heidi Jo
Published: February 2023

We find that the chemical abundances and dynamics of APOGEE and GALAH stars in the local stellar halo are inconsistent with a scenario in which the inner halo is primarily composed of debris from a single massive, ancient merger event, as has been proposed to explain the Gaia-Enceladus/Gaia Sausage (GSE) structure. The data contain trends of chemical composition with energy that are opposite to expectations for a single massive, ancient merger event, and multiple chemical evolution paths with distinct dynamics are present. We use a Bayesian Gaussian mixture model regression algorithm to characterize the local stellar halo, and find that the data are fit best by a model with four components. We interpret these components as the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), Cronus, Nereus, and Thamnos; however, Nereus and Thamnos likely represent more than one accretion event because the chemical abundance distributions of their member stars contain many peaks. Although the Cronus and Thamnos components have different dynamics, their chemical abundances suggest they may be related. We show that the distinct low- and high-α halo populations from Nissen & Schuster are explained by VRM and Cronus stars, as well as some in situ stars. Because the local stellar halo contains multiple substructures, different popular methods of selecting GSE stars will actually select different mixtures of these substructures, which may change the apparent chemodynamic properties of the selected stars. We also find that the Splash stars in the Solar region are shifted to higher v

ϕ
and slightly lower [Fe/H] than previously reported.
What If Planet Nine Has Satellites?
Authors: Chan Man Ho
Published: February 2023

In the past decade, numerical simulations started to reveal the possible existence of Planet Nine in our solar system. The Planet Nine scenario can provide an excellent explanation for the clustering in orbital elements for Kuiper Belt objects. However, no optical counterpart has been observed so far to verify the Planet Nine scenario. Therefore, some recent studies suggest that Planet Nine could be a dark object, such as a primordial black hole. In this article, we show that the probability of capturing large trans-Neptunian objects by Planet Nine to form a satellite system in the scattered disk region (between the inner Oort Clouds and the Kuiper Belt) is large. By adopting a benchmark model of Planet Nine, we show that the tidal effect can heat up the satellites significantly, which can give sufficient thermal radio flux for observations, even if Planet Nine is a dark object. This provides a new, indirect way for examining the Planet Nine hypothesis and revealing the basic properties of Planet Nine.
Molecular characterisation of three Ixodes (Pholeoixodes) species (Ixodida, Ixodidae) and the first record of Ixodes (Pholeoixodes) kaiseri from Slovakia
Authors: Krumpálová Zuzana , Mangová Barbara , Purgatová Slávka , Didyk Yuliya M. , Kazimírová Mária
Published: February 2023

A study of ticks on wildlife was carried out in the area of Levice, Bratislava, Stupava and Vrbovce (south-western Slovakia) during the years 2021-2022. Overall, 512 ticks were collected from 51 wild mammalian individuals of six species. In total, eight tick species were identified, namely Dermacentor reticulatus, D. marginatus, Haemaphysalis inermis, H. concinna, Ixodes ricinus, I. hexagonus and two Ixodes spp. Ixodes hexagonus were collected from Northern white-breasted hedgehogs (Erinaceus roumanicus), females belonging to Ixodes spp. were collected from a red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and nymphs from a Eurasian badger (Meles meles). Ixodes hexagonus and the Ixodes spp. were identified morphologically and molecularly based on sequences of fragments of two mitochondrial genes, COI and 16S rRNA. Molecular analysis of Ixodes spp. confirmed the identity of Ixodes kaiseri Arthur, 1957 and I. canisuga (Johnston, 1849). Sequence analyses show that the I. kaiseri isolate from Slovakia is identical to I. kaiseri isolates from Romania, Poland, Germany, Turkey, and Croatia. We demonstrate for the first time the presence of I. kaiseri in Slovakia using both morphological and molecular methods.
Description of two new species of the leafhopper genus Pediopsis Burmeister (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Eurymelinae, Macropsini) from China
Authors: Li Hu , Dai Ran-Huai , Webb Michael D.
Published: February 2023

Two new leafhopper species of Pediopsis Burmeister, Pediopsis albopicta Li & Dai, sp. nov. from Hunan and Guizhou provinces of central China and Pediopsis pianmaensis Li & Dai, sp. nov. from Yunnan Province of southwestern China, are described and illustrated. Ambiguity in the original description of P. bannaensis Yang & Zhang is discussed, and figures of the female holotype of P. femorata Hamilton are provided for the first time. A checklist and key to Chinese species of Pediopsis are also given.