bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imaging biomarkers of collagen architecture on baseline biopsies in association with response in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with immunotherapy.
Authors: Nag Reetoja , Li Haojia , Corredor Germán , Toro Paula , Viswanathan Vidya Sankar , Fu Pingfu , Lewis James , Wasman Jay , Teknos Theodoros Nicholas , Patel Monaliben , Pan Quintin , Madabhushi Anant
Published: October 2024

6047

Background:
Though immunotherapy (IO) has robust clinical efficacy, only a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients have shown to benefit from it. Collagen, a major component of the Tumor Microenvironment (TME), is involved in cancer fibrosis and collagen fiber organization has been shown to be associated with patient outcome for different cancers. In this work, we evaluated whether computationally extracted collagen fiber orientation disorder (CFOD) features from tumor related stroma regions (TS) in digitized H&E-stained slides can help in distinguishing between responders and non-responders to immunotherapy in HNSCC patients.
Methods:
Whole slide images (WSIs) from 43 HNSCC patients treated with immunotherapy (23 non-responders and 20 responders) were obtained from University Hospitals, Cleveland; response was defined as per RECIST v1.1. A derivative-of-Gaussian model was used to identify collagen fiber orientations in TS of the digitized WSIs. Different statistics (e.g. mean, standard deviation, skewness) of the various disorder descriptors (e.g., contrast and entropy) were calculated across all the neighborhood windows in the tumor region to generate the final CFOD feature set. Minimum Redundance Maximum Relevance algorithm was employed to identify the top 3 features, which were combined with a Naive Bayes classifier to differentiate between responders and non-responders. Cross-validation was used to validate the classifier over 100 iterations via the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC). Multivariable analysis was done using a logistic regression method to see how different parameters (gender, age, smoking status) will affect IO response.
Results:
WSIs of responders to immunotherapy showed more disorganized collagen fiber structure as compared to non-responders WSIs. The selected top 3 features were related to the contrast feature descriptor from the orientation co-occurrence matrix. The average AUC for the model based on CFOD was 0.77±0.24. The results for multivariable analysis are shown in Table 1.
Conclusions:
We demonstrated an association between the architectural organization of collagen fiber from baseline biopsies of HNSCC patients with response to immunotherapy. Furthermore, we demonstrate a classifier based on computationally derived CFOD features able to derive detailed assessments of collagen orientation. None of the parameters analyzed were significantly associated with change in IO response (p<0.05). Further validation on a larger independent cohort is warranted.

Multivariable analysis for IO response.

Parameter
p value

Gender (Male/Female)
p=0.14

Age (<60 years/≥60years)
p=0.19

Smoking status (Yes/No)
p=0.54
Outcomes and adverse events of low-dose nivolumab in platinum refractory head and neck cancers.
Authors: Kumar Hemanth , Choudhary Jatin , Ravikrishna Madala , Menon Nandini Sharrel , Patil Vijay Maruti , Noronha Vanita , Prabhash Kumar , Joshi Amit
Published: October 2024

6048

Background:
Nivolumab is one of the recommended regimens for platinum refractory and second line treatment in head and neck cancers as per NCCN guidelines. However, accessibility of nivolumab in low- and middle-income countries is less than 1-3%. There is data suggesting that low doses of nivolumab can also be effective. Hence in this analysis we explore the outcomes and adverse events with low doses of nivolumab.
Methods:
The head and neck medical oncology unit of Tata memorial hospital maintains a prospective database of all patients undergoing immunotherapy. A query was raised in this database to identify head and neck cancer patients who were treated with low doses of nivolumab. We identified 42 patients. The baseline characteristics, compliance to nivolumab, the reason for administration of low dose and the outcomes (progression free survival, date of progression, date of death) were recorded. The dose of nivolumab used in this study was 40mg flat dose every 2 weeks. Descriptive statistics were performed. Kaplan Meier estimates were used to see overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS).
Results:
The median age of the patients was 48.8 (IQR: 43 - 56.4) Male to female ratio was 13:1. The site of the disease was oral cavity in 29 (69%) patients, oropharynx in 3 (7%) patients, larynx in 4 (9.5%) patients, and others in 7(17%) patients. All patients were platinum refractory and had progressive disease within last 6 months of last dose of platinum. The ECOG performance status was 1 in 37 (88.1%) patients and 2 in 5 (11.9%) patients. All patients received low dose nivolumab in view of financial constraints to access full dose. The response was recorded in 32 patients. Out of them 6 had a partial response (14.3%). The median PFS was 4.9 months (95% Confidence interval: 3.4 - 6.4) and OS was 8 months (95% confidence interval: 5.9-10.1). The details regarding PD L-1 expression and effectiveness of nivolumab will be presented at the conference.
Conclusions:
Low doses of nivolumab can be an option which is efficacious in patients who do not have access to standard dose nivolumab. There is need for testing this regimen in large randomized studies as full dose of nivolumab is not accessible in low- and middle-income countries.
Safety and preliminary efficacy of GQ1001, a next generation HER2-targeting ADC, combined with pyrotinib in pretreated patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: A phase 1b clinical trial.
Authors: Wang Biyun , Gong Chengcheng , Wang Leiping , Hu Xichun , Li Ting , Tao Zhonghua , Zhao Mingchuan , Zhao Yannan
Published: October 2024

e13020

Background:
GQ1001 is a novel HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that was generated by conjugating trastuzumab to DM1 via a unique open-ring containing linker and the enzymatic site-specific conjugation technology, which significantly improves homogeneity and stability of the study drug [1]. Preclinical studies showed robust anti-tumor activities in multiple HER2+ PDX and CDX models, and excellent pharmacokinetics and safety profiles in rats and cynomolgus monkeys. Phase 1a study (NCT04450732) showed superior tolerability and promising antitumor efficacy in heavily pretreated HER2-positive advanced solid tumors [2]. In vivo study also demonstrated a synergistic anti-tumor efficacy of GQ1001 combined with pyrotinib, an irreversible pan-HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) [1]. Thus, a phase 1b study (NCT05575804) was designed to investigate the safety and preliminary efficacy of the combination of GQ1001 and pyrotinib in pretreated patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.
Methods:
In the “3+3” dose-escalation phase, the dose of GQ1001 was 6.0 mg/kg, 7.2 mg/kg and 8.4 mg/kg intravenously in a 21-day cycle, and pyrotinib was taken orally in a fixed dose of 320 mg once daily in 28-day cycles. The dose escalation or de-escalation was based on the incidence of specified dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in the initial dose group. DLTs were observed for the first 21 days.
Results:
A total of 15 HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients received GQ1001 and pyrotinib treatment. All patients (15/15) had failed on previous trastuzumab (or its biosimilars) containing therapy and 33.3% of the patients (5/15) had been treated with pertuzumab. By Dec. 31, 2023, dose escalation has been completed with no DLT reported. Maximal tolerable dose was not reached up to 8.4 mg/kg, the highest dose tested. Most patients (13/15; 73.3%) experienced grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse event, including diarrhea (66.7%), anemia (13.3%), alanine aminotransferase increase (6.7%), thrombocytopenia (6.7%), and urticaria (6.7%). At the data cut off date (Dec. 31, 2023), nine patients were still on going, with the longest treatment duration of 348 days. The objective response rate (ORR) was 66.7% (10/15) in all patients enrolled, and 71.4% (10/14) in patients who had received tumor evaluation. At 6.0 mg/kg, 7.2 mg/kg and 8.4 mg/kg dose level, the ORR was 75% (3/4), 100% (5/5), 33.3% (2/6), respectively.
Conclusions:
GQ1001 in combination with pyrotinib demonstrated manageable safety profile and promising preliminary antitumor activity among pretreated patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. [1] HUANG L, et al. Cancer Research, 2023, 83(7_Supplement): 2702-. [2] LEMECH C, et al. Cancer Research, 2023, 83(8_Supplement): CT178-CT.
Clinical trial information: NCT05575804
.
Enhancing HER2 evaluation: Correlation of APIS Breast Cancer Subtyping Kit and IHC/ISH with accurate HER2 quantification.
Authors: Gasior Anna , Wegscheider Anne-Sophie , Paveley Jack , Howard Kimberly Jane , Harrison Mathew , Gough Leanne , Gorniak Joanna , Rollinson Sara , Pounce Zoe , Niendorf Axel
Published: October 2024

e13028

Background:
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status is a crucial prognostic and predictive biomarker in invasive breast cancer (BC). The advent of novel-anti HER2 therapies (such as Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd)) has cast doubt upon traditional HER2 detection methods, as emerging data indicates the effectiveness of T-DXd in individuals who were previously categorized as HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) 1+ or 0 scores. More sensitive and precise methods capable of detecting HER2-low expression are therefore crucial to correctly identify patients who could benefit from treatment with these novel anti-HER2 therapeutics. As IHC methods were primarily developed for the identification of tumors exhibiting HER2 overexpression, rather than for distinguishing between HER2-low and complete absence of expression, the ability of these assays to precisely detect HER2-low cases remains uncertain. APIS Breast Cancer Subtyping Kit (APIS BCSK) was developed to detect expression level of four BC biomarkers – HER2, ER, PR, Ki67. Here, we report the correlation between HER2 mRNA expression levels detected by APIS BCSK, and IHC HER2 scoring.
Methods:
A total of n=642 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) BC sections, obtained by core needle biopsy or resection, underwent histological assessment observing the ASCO/CAP guidelines for IHC. The HER2 status of specimens with a HER2 2+ IHC score was resolved via in situ hybridization (ISH) amplification. All specimens underwent testing with APIS BCSK. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the kit, the concordance between IHC/ISH and APIS BCSK mRNA expression level was reported in terms of Overall Percent Agreement (OPA), Negative Percent Agreement (NPA), and Positive Percent Agreement (PPA).
Results:
Strong correlation between IHC/ISH results and HER2 expression detected by APIC BCSK was observed (OPA of 94.2%, PPA of 89.2% and NPA of 94.9%).
ERBB2
mRNA expression was detected by APIS BCSK in a subset of patients with 0 and 1+ IHC HER2 score, highlighting the continuous nature of
ERBB2
expression and higher sensitivity of RT-qPCR-based detection approaches.
Conclusions:
APIS BCSK accurately detects HER2 expression. The results confirm that IHC stratification may not be an adequate method for predicting the response to novel anti-HER2 therapies, such as T-DXd. Implementation of additional cut offs could allow further stratification of
ERBB2
mRNA expression, however, additional studies correlating the expression level to anti-HER2 treatment response are required to validate this approach.
Σχεδίαση και ανάπτυξη εφαρμογής επαυξημένης πραγματικότητας για φορητές συσκευές για τον εμπλουτισμό του λεξιλογίου σε παιδιά στο φάσμα του αυτισμού
Authors: Κουκουνάρα Μαρία , Χατζηνικολάου Κορνηλία
Published: October 2024

Το παρόν άρθρο μελετά την αξιοποίηση της τεχνολογίας της Επαυξημένης Πραγματικότητας (ΕΠ) στα πλαίσια ενίσχυσης των δεξιοτήτων των παιδιών προσχολικής αγωγής με Διαταραχές Αυτιστικού Φάσματος. Ειδικότερα, το άρθρο στοχεύει στην σχεδίαση και ανάπτυξη εφαρμογής ΕΠ για τον εμπλουτισμό του λεξιλογίου των παιδιών με ΔΑΦ, η οποία δύναται να  χρησιμοποιηθεί στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Η εφαρμογή ΕΠ «Καρτόλεξο» καλύπτει το βιβλιογραφικό κενό που εντοπίζεται στις εφαρμογές Επαυξημένης Πραγματικότητας που απευθύνονται σε άτομα με ΔΑΦ για την ανάπτυξη των κοινωνικών τους δεξιοτήτων. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 8 παιδιά προσχολικής αγωγής που βρίσκονται στο φάσμα του αυτισμού και η εφαρμογή αξιολογήθηκε από  3 εκπαιδευτικούς Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης με εξειδίκευση στην Ειδική Αγωγή. Για να διερευνηθεί η αποτελεσματικότητα και η ευχρηστία της εφαρμογής ΕΠ «Καρτόλεξο» αξιοποιήθηκε η μεικτή μεθοδολογία με την συλλογή, ανάλυση και ερμηνεία ποιοτικών και ποσοτικών δεδομένων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, οι εκπαιδευτικοί κλήθηκαν να απαντήσουν στην ημιδομημένη συνέντευξη και στο γραπτό ερωτηματολόγιο ευχρηστίας. Η εφαρμογή ΕΠ «Καρτόλεξο» σχεδιάστηκε παιδαγωγικά  σύμφωνα με τις αρχές του εποικοδομισμού και η λειτουργικότητα της εφαρμογής βασίστηκε στους κανόνες ευχρηστίας του Nielsen (1993). Από την ανάλυση των δεδομένων προέκυψε ότι η εφαρμογή «Καρτόλεξο» μπορεί να βοηθήσει τα παιδιά με ΔΑΦ να αναπτύξουν το λεξιλόγιό τους με διασκεδαστικό τρόπο. Συμπερασματικά, η εφαρμογή ΕΠ «Καρτόλεξο» χαρακτηρίστηκε κατάλληλη, λειτουργική, εύχρηστη και με πλούσιο περιεχόμενο.
Τα είδη της γονεϊκής επιτήρησης κατά τη χρήση του διαδικτύου από παιδιά προσχολικής ηλικίας: μία εμπειρική μελέτη
Authors: Κασιμίδου Αναστασία
Published: October 2024

Η χρήση των νέων τεχνολογιών έχει κατακλύσει τη σημερινή ελληνική και παγκόσμια πραγματικότητα και έχει επεκταθεί και σε πολύ νεότερες ηλικίες, όπως η προσχολική ηλικία. Η παρούσα έρευνα σκοπεύει να διερευνήσει τα κίνητρα των γονέων για τη χρήση ηλεκτρονικών συσκευών συνδεδεμένων στο διαδίκτυο  από παιδιά προσχολικής ηλικίας και το είδος γονεϊκής επιτήρησης (γονεϊκή στήριξη και γονεϊκός έλεγχος) που ασκείται στη χρήση τους. Χρησιμοποιήθηκε σταθμισμένο ερωτηματολόγιο σε 149 γονείς παιδιών, ηλικιών από 3 έως 6 ετών. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι τα κύρια κίνητρα των γονέων για τη χρήση των συσκευών από τα παιδιά είναι η ψυχαγωγία, η εκπαίδευση και η εξοικείωση με τις νέες τεχνολογίες. Οι γονείς επιδεικνύουν εξίσου γονεϊκή στήριξη και γονεϊκό έλεγχο στην επιτήρηση των συσκευών αυτών. Η ομάδα των ισορροπημένων γονέων υπερτερεί αυτής των προστατευτικών, υποστηρικτικών και αποστασιοποιημένων γονέων και δεν εμφανίζεται καθόλου η ομάδα των αυταρχικών γονέων σε αντίθεση με άλλες έρευνες σε χώρες της Ευρώπης. Όσον αφορά τα παιδιά, φάνηκε ότι τα αγόρια και τα παιδιά 4 με 4,5 ετών ελέγχονται και στηρίζονται περισσότερο. Επίσης, όσο αυξάνεται ο αριθμός παιδιών στην οικογένεια μειώνεται ο βαθμός επιτήρησης.
Αντιλήψεις εκπαιδευομένων σχετικά με την αξιολόγησή τους μέσω της δημιουργίας καλλιτεχνικών έργων
Authors: Λαζαράκου Ελισάβετ
Published: October 2024

Περίληψη
Σύγχρονες παιδαγωγικές προσεγγίσεις επισημαίνουν την ανάγκη αναθεώρησης των καθιερωμένων συστημάτων αξιολόγησης της μαθησιακής διαδικασίας. Η παρούσα εργασία εξετάζει τη χρησιμότητα της παραγωγής καλλιτεχνικών έργων, ως εναλλακτικής τεχνικής αξιολόγησης, μέσα από την οπτική γωνία των φοιτητριών/τών που την εφάρμοσαν για την αξιολόγησή τους σε μη καλλιτεχνικό μάθημα στην τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 24 μεταπτυχιακές/οί φοιτήτριες/τές του Παιδαγωγικού́ Τμήματος Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης του Εθνικού́ και Καποδιστριακού́ Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών οι οποίοι/ες, αφού παρήγαγαν πρωτότυπα καλλιτεχνικά έργα στο πλαίσιο μη καλλιτεχνικού μαθήματος, κατέθεσαν σε Δελτίο Αναστοχασμού την εμπειρία που αποκόμισαν από την αξιολόγησή τους με την εξεταζόμενη τεχνική. Οι απαντήσεις των φοιτητριών/τών αναλύθηκαν και ερμηνεύτηκαν με τη μέθοδο της ανάλυσης περιεχομένου. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας δείχνουν τα οφέλη τα οποία αποκομίζουν οι αξιολογούμενοι εκπαιδευόμενοι από την εφαρμογή της εξεταζόμενης εναλλακτικής τεχνικής αξιολόγησης καθώς και τα εμπόδια και τις δυσκολίες που συνάντησαν κατά την εφαρμογή της. Τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσας έρευνας ενισχύουν την ανάγκη εμπλουτισμού των καθιερωμένων συστημάτων αξιολόγησης στη σχολική και την τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση καθώς και στην εκπαίδευση ενηλίκων με την ενδυνάμωση του διαμορφωτικού χαρακτήρα της αξιολόγησης, την ενεργοποίηση των εκπαιδευομένων στις διαδικασίες της αξιολόγησής τους και την αξιοποίηση των αποτελεσμάτων της αξιολόγησης για τη μαθησιακή προαγωγή των αξιολογουμένων και τη βελτίωση της μαθησιακής διαδικασίας.
Οι παιδαγωγικοί πράκτορες ως βοηθοί φθίνουσας καθοδήγησης για την ανάπτυξη μεταγνωσιακών στρατηγικών
Authors: Μαυρογιάννη Αριστέα , Βασιλάκη Ελένη , Σπαντιδάκης Ιωάννης , Γιαχνάκης Εμμανουήλ
Published: October 2024

Οι παιδαγωγικοί πράκτορες στα ψηφιακά περιβάλλοντα μάθησης αξιοποιούνται ως βοηθοί που συμβάλλουν στην αλληλεπίδραση των μαθητών/τριών με το περιβάλλον και τους/τις υποστηρίζουν στη διαδικασία της μάθησης. Στην παρούσα έρευνα διερευνήθηκε η επίδραση της χρήσης τεσσάρων αφηγηματικών παιδαγωγικών πρακτόρων, ενσωματωμένων στο διαδραστικό περιβάλλον μάθησης Γεω-Ίστωρ, στην ανάπτυξη μεταγνωσιακών στρατηγικών ανάγνωσης. Οι πράκτορες αυτοί, εκπροσωπώντας αφενός την στοχοπροσήλωση (Alice) και αφετέρου τη δηλωτική (Ίρις), τη διαδικαστική (Σήφης) και την πλαισιοθετημένη γνώση (Θωμάς) λειτούργησαν ως βοηθοί φθίνουσας καθοδήγησης. Οι διάλογοι μεταξύ των πρακτόρων αυτών βασίστηκαν, κυρίως, στον μετασχηματισμό των δηλώσεων της, προσαρμοσμένης στον ελληνικό πληθυσμό, κλίμακας MARSI προκειμένου να διευρύνουν τη χρήση μεταγνωσιακών στρατηγικών ανάγνωσης από τους μαθητές/τριες. Κατά την έρευνα, που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε 54 μαθητές/τριες της Α τάξης Γενικού Λυκείου, διερευνήθηκε η αποτελεσματικότητα των παιδαγωγικών πρακτόρων κατά τη διαδραστική διδασκαλία σε σύγκριση με την αποτελεσματικότητα της διδάσκουσας κατά την παραδοσιακή διδασκαλία. Από την έρευνά μας επιβεβαιώνεται ότι οι παιδαγωγικοί πράκτορες ως βοηθοί φθίνουσας καθοδήγησης μεταγνωσιακών στρατηγικών δημιούργησαν ένα ευχάριστο περιβάλλον μάθησης και κινητοποίησαν σημαντικά τους/τις μαθητές/τριες για τη χρήση μεταγνωσιακών στρατηγικών ανάγνωσης και την αύξηση της μεταγνωσιακής τους ενημερότητας. Τα συμπεράσματα της παρούσας έρευνας συμβάλλουν στη συνεχιζόμενη συζήτηση για τις προϋποθέσεις δόμησης και χρήσης των παιδαγωγικών πρακτόρων στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία.
“No one is an environmentalist by birth”. Η καλλιέργεια της οικολογικής πολιτειότητας των μαθητών μέσω σχολικών προγραμμάτων περιβαλλοντικής εκπαίδευσης. Μία συστηματική ανασκόπηση της ερευνητικής δραστηριότητας στο διάστημα 2000 έως 2023
Authors: Μουτσινάς Γεώργιος
Published: October 2024

Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη την εμφανή περιβαλλοντική υποβάθμιση του πλανήτη και τις συνέπειές της σε κάθε επίπεδο της ανθρώπινης διαβίωσης, η καλλιέργεια της οικολογικής πολιτειότητας των μαθητών μέσω αποτελεσματικών εκπαιδευτικών προγραμμάτων προσδοκάται να τους καταστήσει ενεργούς φορείς κοινωνικής αλλαγής προς όφελος του περιβάλλοντος. Η παρούσα εργασία στοχεύει στη συνθετική αποτύπωση των παρεμβατικών προγραμμάτων περιβαλλοντικής εκπαίδευσης που διενεργήθηκαν σε όλη την ηλικιακή εμβέλεια της φοίτησης του μαθητικού πληθυσμού σε τυπικά σχολικά πλαίσια, ώστε να αναπτυχθεί η οικολογική του πολιτειότητα. Πραγματοποιήθηκε μια συστηματική βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση εμπειρικών μελετών δημοσιευμένων σε διεθνή, έγκριτα επιστημονικά περιοδικά στο χρονικό διάστημα 2000-2023. Τα αποτελέσματα της βιβλιογραφικής έρευνας στο τελικό δείγμα (n) των 35 μεθοδολογικά ετερόκλιτων μελετών κατέδειξαν ότι η πλειονότητα της επισκοπηθείσας ερευνητικής δραστηριότητας είχε λάβει χώρα στη Βόρεια Αμερική την περίοδο 2011-2015, σημειώνοντας θετικά εξαγόμενα. Μελετήθηκαν συμμετέχοντες ηλικίας κυρίως 5-12 ετών, σε παρεμβάσεις με διάρκεια συνήθως έως 12 εβδομάδες και με την πλειοψηφική υποστήριξη από το προσωπικό των εκάστοτε σχολείων. Η περιβαλλοντική πολιτειότητα των διδασκομένων ενισχύθηκε διαμέσου συμμετοχικών πρακτικών, όπου προήχθησαν ο αναστοχασμός αναφορικά με περίπλοκα οικολογικά θέματα, η κριτική σκέψη, η ανεξάρτητη και ενήμερη λήψη αποφάσεων, και η δικτύωση των μαθητευομένων με τις κοινότητές τους. Τα ευρήματα της έρευνας αντικατοπτρίζουν την αναγκαιότητα εστίασης των ερευνητών και των εκπαιδευτικών σε καινοτόμες παιδαγωγικές προσεγγίσεις που προωθούν την οικολογική πολιτειότητα των αποδεκτών τους, δρομολογώντας μια δίκαιη και δημοκρατική κοινωνική μεταστροφή με επίκεντρο την αειφορική διαχείριση του περιβάλλοντος.
Μια συγκριτική προσέγγιση της συντροφικής βίας στις ΛΟΑΤΚΙ+ και ετερόφυλες σχέσεις: Ο ρόλος της κοινωνικής εργασίας
Authors: Ζερέ Ερισέλντα , Χατζηφωτίου Σεβαστή
Published: October 2024

Η παρούσα βιβλιοανασκοπική μελέτη εστιάζει στο φαινόμενο της συντροφικής βίας στις ΛΟΑΤΚΙ+ σχέσεις σε σύγκριση με τις ετερόφυλες σχέσεις. Η ΛΟΑΤΚΙ+ κοινότητα αποτελεί μια έντονα στιγματισμένη, καταπιεσμένη και περιθωριοποιημένη πληθυσμιακή ομάδα. Ως εκ τούτου, επιδιώχθηκε η διερεύνηση των επιπέδων βίας μεταξύ των ΛΟΑΤΚΙ+ και των ετερόφυλων σχέσεων, των διαφοροποιήσεων που υφίστανται στις μορφές βίας, των εμποδίων στην αναζήτηση βοήθειας, καθώς και των υφιστάμενων παρεμβάσεων της Κοινωνικής Εργασίας. Για την επίτευξη αυτού του σκοπού, πραγματοποιήθηκε δευτερογενής έρευνα σε τρεις βάσεις δεδομένων (PubMed, Scopus και Google Scholar). Επίσης συλλέχτηκαν δεδομένα που ήταν καταχωρημένα στις εκδόσεις Springer Link, Sage Pub, JSTOR. Αρχικά εντοπίστηκαν 214 εγγραφές, εκ των οποίων τελικά συμπεριλήφθηκαν στη μελέτη οι 43, έπειτα από την αξιολόγηση των μελετών βάσει των κριτηρίων επιλογής και απόρριψης. Σύμφωνα με τα ευρήματα της ανασκόπησης, τα επίπεδα βίας στις ΛΟΑΤΚΙ+ σχέσεις είναι υψηλότερα συγκριτικά με τις ετερόφυλες σχέσεις. Οι μορφές βίας παραμένουν ίδιες, αλλά η διαφοροποίηση έγκεινται στην άσκηση της βίας, η οποία είναι ειδικά εστιασμένη στη ταυτότητα του φύλου και την σεξουαλικότητα του θύματος. Τα συστημικά εμπόδια στην αναζήτηση βοήθειας, συμπεριλαμβανομένου των διακρίσεων, της έλλειψης συμπεριληπτικών υπηρεσιών και του κοινωνικού στίγματος, θέτουν σε αορατότητα την συντροφική βία στις ΛΟΑΤΚΙ+ σχέσεις. Αναφορικά με τον ρόλο και τις παρεμβάσεις των κοινωνικών λειτουργών, η βιβλιογραφία είναι αρκετά περιορισμένη σε διεθνές και εθνικό επίπεδο. Υφίσταται έντονη ανάγκη για μελλοντικές πρωτογενείς έρευνες στο πεδίο της συντροφικής βίας, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη όλους τους σεξουαλικούς προσανατολισμούς και τις ταυτότητες του φύλου, προκειμένου να αναπτυχθούν στοχευμένες παρεμβάσεις στο πεδίο της Κοινωνικής Εργασίας για την αντιμετώπιση του φαινομένου.
Evidence in criminal proceedings of the Russian Federation: a textbook
Authors: Slifish Mechislav
Published: October 2024

Using the problem-based method of presentation, the textbook examines the issues of evidence included in the curriculum of the academic discipline “Criminal Procedure”.
The publication significantly complements the textbooks on the course “Criminal Procedure”.
Meets the requirements of the latest generation of federal state educational standards for higher education.
For students and cadets studying in the specialty 40.05.01 “Legal support of national security”, practical workers, as well as students studying in the areas of training 40.03.01 and 40.04.01 “Jurisprudence”.
Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski (1526–1608) – przywódca społeczności prawosławnej w Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Kempa Tomasz
Published: October 2024

Monografia stanowi pełną biografię wojewody kijowskiego Konstantego Wasyla Ostrogskiego (1526–1608), który – zwłaszcza w ostatnich dekadach życia – był niekwestionowanym liderem środowiska prawosławnego w Rzeczypospolitej. Książka uwzględnia wszystkie przejawy jego aktywności, ukazując go jako polityka i dowódcę wojskowego, prawosławnego fundatora, magnata konsekwentnie budującego największe imperium majątkowe w Rzeczypospolitej, a także jego relacje rodzinne. Opracowanie zostało oparte na najnowszej literaturze naukowej poświęconej Ostrogskiemu. W tym kontekście należy wspomnieć szczególnie badania naukowców z Ukrainy i Polski bardzo intensywne w ostatnich trzech dekadach. W porównaniu z biografią wojewody kijowskiego opublikowaną przez autora w 1997 r. jest to niemal w całości nowa książka. Wystarczy wspomnieć, że jest trzykrotnie obszerniejsza od poprzedniej.
Code-switching and code-mixing in the conditions of Slavic-Slavic language contact. Vershina – a unique Polish language island in Siberia
Authors: Głuszkowski Michał
Published: October 2024

The book describes one of the most characteristic phenomena accompanying bilingualism – the change of language within a communication situation on the material of a particular community: the Polish language island in Siberia, the village of Vershina in the Irkutsk Oblast, founded in 1910 by voluntary settlers from Lesser Poland. The collection of rich field material allowed for a comprehensive analysis of the social and cultural determinants of code-switching and code-mixing in the conditions of contact between the Lesser Poland dialect and the Russian language in group and individual dimensions.
Stormwater management in urbanised areas in Poland. Analysis and assessment of current legislation
Authors: Marszelewski Michał , Piasecki Adam , Kaźmierczak Bartosz
Published: October 2024

The issue of stormwater has an interdisciplinary dimension, but the work focuses on its legal and environmental aspects. The article analyses and evaluates Polish legal regulations in the field of stormwater management in urbanised areas. These regulations focus particularly on two different areas. The first is the discharge of stormwater into waters or the ground. The second concerns the reduction of natural land retention (the “rain tax”). These activities are always considered a form of water use that incurs a fee determined in accordance with the provisions of the Water Law. In both areas, both practice and legal doctrine raise interpretative doubts that stem from the applicable normative solutions. These doubts particularly concern the determination of entities obliged to take specific actions or the scope of application of the fee for reducing natural land retention. This, in turn, translates into difficulties in applying the law and non-uniformity of decisions made.
Social perception of the process of rural shrinkage: Application of loss mapping method in one of Hungary's inner peripheral regions
Authors: Kovács Tibor , Ruszkai Csaba , Csáfor Hajnalka , Vasvári Mária
Published: October 2024

In our study, we examined six demographically declining and shrinking settlements in a traditional Hungarian cultural region, Greater Cumania, which is considered an internal peripheral region: we used statistical data and development documents, loss mapping and the Kruskal–Wallis test methodology. Analysis based on loss mapping of the six municipalities showed that, on average, municipalities rated their losses as slightly less severe than moderate.The statistical test showed that, although their natural and demographic conditions are very similar, the municipalities have followed a markedly different development path, with differences in potential for emerging from their peripheral existence and in resilience to challenges.In the light of these analyses, it can be concluded that the source of the problem is basically expressed in terms of qualities of the local society: the average is below the national average education level, and its level of cultural aspiration is very low.The decline of local societies is clear: the study does not predict development based on endogenous internal resources, but rather a slow decline, which is still slow today, but which is likely to accelerate in the light of global, national and local socio-economic, political and environmental processes.
Limites das Equipes Multidisciplinares do Poder Judiciário Brasileiro na Recomendação de Decisões Judiciais
Authors: Watrin João Paulo
Published: October 2024

Nas últimas décadas, o Poder Judiciário do Brasil estruturou equipes compostas de diferentes especialidades (p. ex., Psicologia, Serviço Social) para auxiliar juízes na tomada de decisões judiciais, sobretudo por meio do esclarecimento de aspectos extrajurídicos indispensáveis à proteção de direitos. Não é incomum, porém, que estas equipes recomendem as próprias decisões a serem tomadas pelos magistrados em cada caso. O presente artigo discute teoricamente os limites das equipes multidisciplinares na recomendação de decisões judiciais. Para tanto, articulam-se inicialmente argumentos que podem justificar as recomendações feitas pelas equipes e, em seguida, analisam-se criticamente as implicações desta prática. Por fim, argumenta-se que as equipes devem se abster de recomendar decisões judiciais e somente sugerir encaminhamentos de suas respectivas especialidades, exceção feita aos casos em que há expressa determinação legal para estas recomendações.
The Game of Thrones Quest for Optimality: A Role Playing Game for Teaching the Art of Linear Programming
Authors: Beliën Jeroen , De Boeck Liesje , Goossens Dries , Quttineh Nils-Hassan , Vermeir Jens
Published: October 2024

To stimulate practicing modeling skills, we develop an attractive educational team game embedded in an Excel spreadsheet. The game covers aspects of blending problems, production process problems, transportation problems, work scheduling problems, multiperiod production planning problems, and sensitivity analysis, all within a context that relates to a popular fictional theme, that is, Game of Thrones. The game can be used in an introductory linear programming (LP) course as an additional practice or repetition exercise. It can also be used to refresh students’ knowledge of LP modeling at the start of a subsequent integer programming or operations research course. Since 2016, the game has been used successfully in a first course on LP for undergraduate students following the Bachelor of Business Engineering program at KU Leuven (Belgium). Besides our positive experience, two formal student surveys revealed that most students (strongly) agreed that the game increased their interest in operations research. Furthermore, although only a few students watched Game of Thrones, most students liked the fictional theme.

Supplemental Material: The “Game of Thrones: The Quest for Optimality” assignment file is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2024.0080 . The Teaching Note and data and files are available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Back to basics
Authors: Taylor Lorna
Published: October 2024

New research by the University of Derby shows nearly all early years staff suffer from some form of musculoskeletal pain. In a new series, physiotherapist and founder of Jolly Back, Lorna Taylor, (who also contributed to the research), shares more about the findings, implications from the research and reccomendations to improve the working environment, in time for Back Care Awareness Week 2nd - 8th October.
Pioneering practice
Authors: O'Sullivan June
Published: October 2024

In the final part of this digital Practice Insight Supplement, CEO of London Early Years Foundation June O'Sullivan showcases the practice at Colville Nursery. She shares more about a book that focuses on pedagogy, interviews Reiss Ware, the chef at the nursery completing the Diploma in Professional Cooking, and discusses new research looking at the effect of screen time of children's language development.
Autumn journeys
Authors: Barclay Meg
Published: October 2024

Meg Barclay, education consultant and early years reviewer for the School Library Association, reviews books which depict various trips and adventures, and a book that introduces children to drawing dinosaurs
Role of procedure-specific consent forms in clinical practice: a systematic review
Authors: Norvill J , Bent C , Mawhinney JA , Johnson N
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Consent forms play an active role in the consent process with generic, handwritten consent forms (GCF) often the standard across the National Health Service. Increasingly, procedure-specific consent forms (PSCF) are being used as an alternative. However, concerns remain about whether they meet the standard for consent. We therefore conducted a systematic review with the objectives of investigating evidence for PSCF, study methodology and medicolegal criteria.

Methods

This systematic review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023392693) and conducted from 1 January 1990 to 17 March 2023 using the MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL and Emcare databases. A grey literature search was also performed. All studies evaluating PSCF in medical and surgical settings were included. Risk-of-bias analysis was performed using ‘RoB 2’ and ‘ROBINS-I’. Meta-analysis was not possible because of the results’ heterogeneity.

Findings

We identified 21 studies investigating PSCF with no systematic reviews and meta-analyses reported. Most studies were quality improvement projects (n = 10) followed by randomised studies (n = 5). No definitive legal guidance for PSCFs and no studies assessing their role in litigation post-procedural complications were identified. PSCFs were associated with improved documentation (70%–100%; n = 11) and legibility (100%; n = 2) compared with GCF. Randomised studies (n = 4) investigating patient understanding and recall for PSCF were inconclusive compared with GCF.

Conclusions

The heterogeneous evidence available merely demonstrates superior documentation of PSCF compared with GCF. Studies do not adequately investigate the impact on informed consent and fail to address the associated legal concerns. Further randomised studies with patient-centric outcomes and consideration for medicolegal criteria are needed.
Disciplinary Differences and Scholarly Literature: Faculty Experiences with Discovery, Browsing, and Formats
Authors: Buckley Chad E. , Scott Rachel E. , Shelley Anne , Thayer-Styes Cassie , Murphy Julie A.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This study reports faculty experiences regarding the discovery of scholarly content, highlighting similarities and differences across a range of academic disciplines. The authors interviewed twenty-five faculty members at a public, high-research university in the Midwest to explore the intersections of discovery, browsing, and format from diverse disciplinary perspectives. Although most participants rely on similar discovery tools such as library catalogs and databases and Google Scholar, their discovery techniques varied according to the discipline and type of research being done. Browsing is not a standard method for discovery, but it is still done selectively and strategically by some scholars. Journal articles are the most important format across disciplines, but books, chapters, and conference proceedings are core for some scholars and should be considered when facilitating discovery. The findings detail several ways in which disciplinary and personal experiences shape scholars' practices. The authors discuss the perceived disconnect between browsability, discovery, and access of scholarly literature and explore solutions that make the library central to discovery and browsing.
The Role of Research in Creative Writing: A Follow-up Study
Authors: Hosier Allison
Published: October 2024

Abstract: A previous study of creative writers' self-reports revealed important differences between research as it is carried out in the context of creative writing and the more scholarly types of research academic librarians often focus on. However, that study left many questions open. For this follow-up study, the author interviewed published creative writers about the role of research in their creative process. This study offers new insight into creative writers' attitudes toward the use of creative license. Though the sample was relatively small, the findings support the results of the original research.
Diversity Matters: An Assessment of Diversity Content in Communication and Media Studies Monographs
Authors: Romero Lisa
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Diversity is an important issue in higher education communication and media programs. This study shows how librarians can use audit data to assess and strive for diversity in their library's print monographic collections. This article explores aspects of diversity within two fields of study, communication and media, and discusses the results of a diversity audit of communication and media monographs published between 2013 and 2022. The author analyzes thirteen diversity-related topics and their coverage within communication and media. A discussion of the current landscape as well as implications for researchers, librarians, and publishers are provided.
Introduction
Authors: Lee Fred , Pham Kevin D.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Our symposium on Asian/American political thought (AAPT) is both the first of its kind and long overdue. In this introduction to it, the symposium's editors ask how AAPT relates to the field of political theory more generally. We answer first by situating AAPT within a broader constellation of concerns that shares various points with comparative political theory, decolonial political theory, Black political thought, and Latinx political thought. We furthermore discuss the relatively distinctive concerns of AAPT that have emerged in the course of its development and in the convening of this symposium. Our symposium consists in articles that draw from various intellectual traditions and political orientations to address several clusters of concerns: (a) how AAPT compares and creolizes "Eastern" and "Western" political thought; (b) how AAPT has and continues to think about nationality alongside revolution; and (c) how AAPT grapples with differences and contradictions internal to "Asian/America."
Strategic Occidentalism: America in Vietnamese Anticolonial Thought
Authors: Pham Kevin D.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Whereas "orientalism" describes how the West sees the East, "occidentalism" describes how the East sees the West. This paper presents two examples of occidentalism from Vietnam in the 1920s: a pamphlet that praises American civilization through a comparison of Europe and America, and an essay that praises American heroism through the story of George Washington. Far from venerating the "West" at the expense of their own "Eastern" values, I show how the authors construct essentialist claims about America through a native lens—a lens that praises both Eastern Confucian values and Western "liberal" values—for strategic, anticolonial purposes.
Slavery, Freedom, and Survival: Life at Westover Plantation in Revolutionary Virginia
Authors: Pflugrad-Jackisch Ami
Published: October 2024

Abstract: The American Revolution in Virginia set into motion a contest between enslaver Mary Willing Byrd and the enslaved people of Westover plantation who sought and gained their freedom during the revolutionary era. Beginning with Benedict Arnold's 1781 raid of Virginia, 49 enslaved people from Westover freed themselves and offered varying degrees of assistance to the British Army. In response, Byrd set out on a fervent campaign to recapture these men and women and they engaged in a struggle over personal liberty and the rights of property that lasted long after the Treaty of Paris was signed. In the end, Byrd was unable to re-enslave them, but the new republican legal code in Virginia reified the right to property in people, ultimately benefitting enslavers. This contest reveals the nuanced and sliding scale of power and agency that existed among enslaved people and the men and women who participated in the nation's founding.
"The Disagreeable Situation in between the Civil in the Military": Prisoners of War and Local Governance in the American Revolution
Authors: Long Susan Brynne
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This article examines the administration of British-allied prisoners by civil and military authorities during the American Revolution. It focuses on how revolutionary governments echoed private and provincial interests regarding prisoners in the early years of the war, 1775-1777, before the establishment of the Department of Prisoners. Elias Boudinot, who served as the first United States commissary general of prisoners, attempted to centralize and standardize prisoner administration during his tenure. The dissolution of committees of safety and provisional colonial governments that amplified popular Patriot sentiment aided this effort, shrinking the number of legal avenues through which early Americans could pursue their interests relative to prisoner populations. However, despite the shift to constitutional rule, inhabitants in and around detention centers used extralegal means of influencing prisoner allowances for the remainder of the war. These private interests coupled with state interests, created as a byproduct of the creation and reform of state governments, to hinder the efforts of Boudinot and the Department of Prisoners. The misalignment of private, state, and continental interests with respect to prisoners during the war created civil-military tensions.
A Call to Stand Up: Meanings of Independence for People of African Descent
Authors: Burr Sherri
Published: October 2024

Abstract: During the American Revolution, Philadelphia was described as the "Theater of Action," according to John Adams. Not only was it so for delegates traveling to the city from other colonies, but it was also so for people of African descent who "were in the region around the Delaware river before Pennsylvania was founded in the days of the Dutch and the Swede" according to Edward Raymond Turner in The Negro in Pennsylvania . This article examines different conceptions of the word "independence" from the viewpoints of the white colonists, the men of color who fought and provided logistical support during the Revolutionary War, and the Black women who advocated against slavery during and following the Revolution in subtle and legal ways. As the country approaches the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, the question becomes whether their sacrifices will have been in vain if totalitarianism not only knocks on democracy's door but enters through the demagoguery of its next set of leaders. The Founding Fathers and all those who fought sought to create a Republic. To paraphrase Benjamin Franklin, the question in the foreseeable future is can we "keep it?"
Conducting tobacco control surveys among schoolchildren in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan: A feasibility study
Authors: Mishu Masuma Pervin , Jackson Cath , McNeill Ann , Garg Suneela , Borle Amod , Deshmukh Chetana , Singh M. Meghachandra , Bhatnagar Nidhi , Kaushik Ravi , Huque Rumana , Fieroze Fariza , Kanan Sushama , Abdullah S. M. , Mazhar Laraib , Akhter Zohaib , Rehman Khalid , Ullah Safat , Han Lu , Readshaw Anne , Sheikh Aziz , Gill Paramjit , Siddiqi Kamran , Kanaan Mona , Iqbal Romaina
Published: October 2024

Most of the world’s 300 million smokeless tobacco (ST) users live in South Asia but ST policies for that region are poorly researched, developed and implemented. Longitudinal studies to understand the uptake and use of ST and smoking, and influences on these, such as health promotion strategies, are lacking. We planned to conduct longitudinal surveys among secondary school students in three countries with the highest ST burden: Bangladesh, India and Pakistan to explore ST and smoking uptake, use and health promoting strategies. Before running that longitudinal study, we assessed the feasibility of conducting such a multi country survey using a mixed-methods design. The survey (and feasibility study) was conducted in 24 secondary schools (eight per country, three classes per school). Three data sources, researcher records/fieldnotes, survey data of 1179 students, and interview/focus group discussion data from 24 headteachers, 64 teachers and 76 students, were used to understand the feasibility of three study tasks: 1) selecting, recruiting, and retaining schools and student participants; 2) survey administration; and 3) robustness of the data collection instruments. The datasets were analysed separately and triangulated. Overall, we could select and recruit schools and students using consistent methods across countries although recruitment was challenged by securing higher authority permissions and parental consent. Recommended improvements were for permission/consent processes. Survey administration was generally feasible and acceptable with recommendations for scheduling and researcher-student ratios. Questionnaire completion was 83%-100% across countries, with suggestions to improve readability and understanding, addressing students’ queries and questionnaire simplification. Due to COVID-19, we could not conduct follow-up surveys, so were unable to assess school or student retention. In conclusion, incorporating the lessons learnt from this study would improve the feasibility of conducting such a multi-country survey in the future. Reported benefits included increasing tobacco health risks’ knowledge with potential for increased tobacco control support.
Length-of-stay and factors associated with early discharge after birth in health facilities in Guinea by mode of birth: Secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2018
Authors: Semaan Aline , Grovogui Fassou Mathias , Delvaux Thérèse , Housseine Natasha , van den Akker Thomas , Delamou Alexandre , Beňová Lenka
Published: October 2024

The immediate postpartum period (first 24 hours after birth) represents a critical time for women and newborns. Postnatal length-of-stay varies globally; in Guinea, a 24-hour facility stay following childbirth is recommended, with an emphasis on providing frequent monitoring of mother and newborn for the first 6 hours. This study describes postpartum length-of-stay following facility-based births in Guinea, and investigates factors associated with early discharge. This cross-sectional study analysed secondary Demographic and Health Survey data covering the most recent livebirths during 2013–2018. We included 2,763 women who gave birth vaginally or by caesarean section in healthcare facilities. Early discharge following vaginal birth was defined according to two cut-offs (<24 hours and <6 hours); early discharge following caesarean section was defined as <72 hours. We assessed socio-demographic, obstetric and health-system factors associated with early discharge using binary and multi-variable logistic regression. Among women with a vaginal birth, 81.5% were discharged <6 hours, with a median length-of-stay of 3 hours. 28% of women who had caesarean section were discharged <72 hours. Odds of discharge <6 hours among women who gave birth vaginally were lower for births in non-government hospital(aOR = 0.55[95%CI = 0.35;0.85]), and multiple births(aOR = 0.54[95%CI = 0.31;0.94]); while the odds were higher in five of the 8 regions compared to Boké. Among women who gave birth by caesarean section, odds of discharge <72 hours were lower for births in government hospitals(aOR = 0.09[95%CI = 0.03;0.3]), and girl newborns(aOR = 0.15[95%CI = 0.05;0.48]).This study showed that postpartum length-of-stays in Guinea is on average shorter than the local recommendations, with the majority of postpartum women with vaginal births spending less than 6-hours in health facilities after birth. Early discharge was associated with type of facility of birth and region. This warrants an in-depth exploration of reasons related to women’s and families’ preferences, health workers’ practices, resource availability, and whether/how early discharge affects postpartum quality-of-care and health outcomes.