bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sudden cardiac death in a young male endurance athlete
Authors: Seely Kevin D. , Crockett Kentlee B. , Nigh Andrew
Published: June 2023

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a rare yet devastating event that can occur in young athletes. Although hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy is the most common cause of SCD, some other genetic abnormalities have been identified as proarrhythmic. However, there is not routine screening for these other genetic abnormalities. Furthermore, consumption of caffeine, stimulant medication, or prolonged exercise can potentiate the underlying arrhythmic potential. In the event of SCD, advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) should be performed immediately and exactly. The authors present a case of an otherwise healthy young male who collapsed during a marathon and could not be resuscitated despite aggressive measures. After aggressive resuscitative efforts, the patient ultimately expired. A postmortem autopsy revealed no cardiac structural abnormalities, and the cause of death was determined to be cardiac arrhythmia of undetermined etiology. Postmortem genetic testing revealed a heterozygous variation in calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit beta 2 (CACNB2), a gene associated with arrhythmia and calcium channelopathy. Toxicology showed therapeutic levels of amphetamine. This case highlights the eminent risk of cardiac death in young athletes with proarrhythmic genetic variations, especially in the setting of endurance sport.
The Permeafor: A Rapid Tool for Field Hydraulic Conductivity Testing in Granular Soils
Authors: Wuebbolt Steven L. , Lefebvre Alexander P. , Souza Bruma , Benoît Jean , Reiffsteck Philippe , MacAdam Noah C.
Published: June 2023

There are currently several in situ and laboratory methods of determining the hydraulic conductivity of soils. However, it remains difficult to obtain representative hydraulic conductivity profiles rapidly and economically, especially on projects in which values are required over large areas and at numerous depths. Furthermore, there is an emerging need in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering to profile this parameter in situ, such as for the design of water infiltration systems and retention ponds or for evaluation of contaminant fate and transport, which has resulted in a greater demand to improve existing methods or develop new, rapid, and reliable techniques. A proposed alternative to measure hydraulic conductivity in granular soils is to use a Permeafor, an instrument originally developed in France to evaluate variations in hydraulic conductivity in situ. This variation is assessed by observing water flow into the soil, at any given depth, under an applied hydraulic head. The ratio of flow to hydraulic head is used as an indicator of hydraulic conductivity variations with depth. A Permeafor system was designed, built, and field tested at several sites across New Hampshire. The results from more than 120 field tests at sites with granular soils demonstrated the potential of the Permeafor to rapidly generate profiles of hydraulic conductivity. The Permeafor is a useful tool in bridging the gap between time-consuming testing of few locations and large-scale hydraulic conductivity testing. This article introduces the Permeafor design, its supporting equipment, and control software and provides some examples of results obtained at a test site in New Hampshire.
Martha Wilson’s Algorithmic Performative in Context
Authors: Lauder Adam
Published: June 2023

While working at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design (NSCAD) as an English instructor in the early 1970s, American artist Martha Wilson enacted a series of critical interventions within the algorithmic protocols of conceptual art. Situated at the confluence of conceptual and protofeminist currents and navigating the interstices of the legendarily marginal NSCAD, Wilson’s work of this period substituted a dissident repertoire of embodied actions for the abstract forms and logical routines enshrined in both mainstream conceptualism and early computer art. Wilson thereby exposed the gendered discontents of nascent algorithmic visuality—its normative taxonomies and universalizing occlusion of difference. Wilson’s acts of resistance resonate today in the low-tech tactical interventions of post-internet artists.

While Wilson’s early production has previously been interpreted as foreshadowing Judith Butler’s speculations on gender performativity, this article recontextualizes Wilson’s engagement with the theatrical sociology of Erving Goffman in relation to nascent algorithmic models of human interaction employed by the military-industrial field of game theory. Wilson’s creative adaptation of Goffman’s descriptions of the behavioral routines of everyday life emerges as a parallel manifestation of the Cold War think tank aesthetics excavated by Pamela M. Lee. Goffman’s applications of game theory historicize Wilson’s exploration of gender roles to a pre-Butlerian moment, establishing previously overlooked continuities between Wilson’s algorithmic investigations and the contemporaneous game-theoretical concerns of her NSCAD instructor David Askevold.
Challenging the “Data Body” in New Media Art, 1990s–Present
Authors: Salazar Constanza
Published: June 2023

The 1990s offers a rich history of innovation through various technologies like the World Wide Web, the continuation of progress in biotechnology, and continuing advances in surveillance and artificial intelligence. Despite this, we have seen how these algorithmic technologies render users hypervisible while they remain opaque. In addition, these technologies also transform the individual into a data body—a being made of code, data, and information. Therefore, the body becomes ripe for extraction, manipulation, and the predictive logic of algorithmic technologies where we are no longer beings but simply understood as data. While many scholars have identified this phenomenon through the sciences and theory, it also stems from the field of art with artists and artist-activist collectives such as Critical Art Ensemble. Analyzing this often-forgotten history reveals the way that artists and activists were responding to this technological change by conceptualizing forms of resistance through artworks, performances, and activist projects. By looking back to the 1990s and the legacies of artists-activists as predecessors to many recent examples of algorithmic resistance by the recent generation of artists, we can think about how power persists and has evolved, how we are continuously rendered data bodies today, and what new forms of resistance may look like now.
Convergence and Entanglement: Reconsidering the Mongol Architectural Narrative
Authors: Steinhardt Nancy Shatzman
Published: June 2023

Among nearly four hundred buildings that survive from the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), or the period of Mongolian rule in China, less than 1 percent have features that sharply distinguish them from the rest. Five of these are a pagoda, a mosque, an observatory, a mausoleum, and a rock-carved site. Previous research has cited the pagoda, minaret, and observatory as evidence for the infiltration of foreign architecture into China during this period. This study reexamines those buildings, demonstrating that although they are so distinctive one might refer to them as anomalies, none includes features that were not already part of the long-established repertoire of Chinese building. This study turns to the processes of convergence and entanglement as both metaphor and methodological framework to help explain how these structures took form.
The Complex Reality of National Park Development under Authoritarianism
Authors: Bruun Ole
Published: June 2023

Vietnam is simultaneously an aspiring environmental state and an authoritarian one. As such, it has clearly articulated policies for biodiversity protection, including measures to secure the livelihoods of communities adjacent to national parks. However, the realities on the ground often confound state environmental discourse. The national parks in the highlands were created through new forms of territorial domination after the war, while continued in-migration and development have made these parks contested spaces that are fraught with pervasive inequities and unsettled ethnic relations. Among the consequences of this weak legitimacy are illegal logging and poaching; indecisive management and protection; and rapidly declining biodiversity, with severe impacts on local livelihoods. Based on a study of two parks in southern Vietnam, this article explores the real-life complexities of national park development under authoritarianism, including the persistent gap between state environmental rhetoric and locally negotiated illegalities. It finds that the key characteristics of authoritarian environmentalism drive a bifurcation of environmental management regimes: a formal, top-down domain of policy- and law-making, serving multiple purposes of legitimation, and a contingent domain of provincial development priorities and locally negotiated use rights. Despite the apparent disorder, both are equally significant to the party-state’s resilience.
Unpacking Authoritarian Environmental Governance
Authors: Zinda John Aloysius
Published: June 2023

Debates about whether authoritarian or democratic environmental governance have the capacity to weather the present crises tend to gloss over variation across and within regimes. Authoritarian environmental governance plays out in diverse ways; comparing across contexts can help us understand its varying outcomes. Drawing on James C. Scott’s characterization of authoritarian high modernism, I identify four dimensions along which projects of authoritarian environmental governance vary: from maximizing to optimizing desired outputs, from thin to thicker simplifications, from rigidity to constrained flexibility, and from direct coercion to cultivating compliance. Together, they comprise a phenomenon we might call authoritarian elaboration, departing from the rigidity and simplification Scott describes. I review evidence from a variety of environmental projects in China to demonstrate how authoritarian elaboration occurs in practice. Examining the reasons behind what we might call harder and softer approaches to environmental governance, as well as their impacts on people and environments, I propose hypotheses on variation in governance practices and suggest approaches to studying them.
Mechanism of mycobacterial ATP synthase inhibition by squaramides and second generation diarylquinolines
Authors: Courbon Gautier M , Palme Paul R , Mann Lea , Richter Adrian , Imming Peter , Rubinstein John L
Published: June 2023

Mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, depend on the activity of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase for growth. The diarylquinoline bedaquiline (BDQ), a mycobacterial ATP synthase inhibitor, is an important medication for treatment of drug‐resistant tuberculosis but suffers from off‐target effects and is susceptible to resistance mutations. Consequently, both new and improved mycobacterial ATP synthase inhibitors are needed. We used electron cryomicroscopy and biochemical assays to study the interaction of Mycobacterium smegmatis ATP synthase with the second generation diarylquinoline TBAJ‐876 and the squaramide inhibitor SQ31f. The aryl groups of TBAJ‐876 improve binding compared with BDQ, while SQ31f, which blocks ATP synthesis ~10 times more potently than ATP hydrolysis, binds a previously unknown site in the enzyme's proton‐conducting channel. Remarkably, BDQ, TBAJ‐876, and SQ31f all induce similar conformational changes in ATP synthase, suggesting that the resulting conformation is particularly suited for drug binding. Further, high concentrations of the diarylquinolines uncouple the transmembrane proton motive force while for SQ31f they do not, which may explain why high concentrations of diarylquinolines, but not SQ31f, have been reported to kill mycobacteria.
A NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR SOCIAL WORK INTERVENTIONS FOR CHILDREN AFFECTED BY HIV AND AIDS
Authors: Lukelelo Nomvuyo
Published: June 2023

Children are often left orphaned and without adult supervision when the parent or caregiver dies from HIV and AIDS-related illnesses. There is very little information available in South Africa on the type of interventions to reinforce the care and support provided to children affected by HIV and AIDS (CABHA). This study aimed to explore existing interventions provided to CABHA and the experiences of social workers in implementing interventions. Findings indicate that interventions are a continuous and collaborative process between social workers and stakeholders. A proper needs assessment should be done before implementing interventions to ensure that they benefit the children identified as needing intervention. Community-based interventions should not be underestimated as a significant source of support for CABHA. Keywords: children affected by HIV and AIDS, HIV and AIDS, intervention, needs assessment, orphaned and vulnerable children, social work
WORKPLACE LEARNING IN THE CONTEMPORARY SUPERVISION LANDSCAPE: THE CASE OF SUPERVISION IN A SOCIAL SERVICE ORGANISATION
Authors: Sithole Mbongeni Shadrack , Shokane Allucia Lulu
Published: June 2023

The blurring of the boundaries and interconnectedness between learning and work are features worth exploring in the contemporary supervision landscape. Grounded on transition-experiential learning theories, the study analysed a social service organisation as a context for learning and examined how this context facilitated or inhibited supervision learning experiences for first-time supervisors. It draws on the qualitative findings of thirteen in-depth interviews whose data were analysed using the thematic analysis. This study found that the transitioning of first-time supervisors into the new role took place through their active participation in an organisational context. It concludes with the notion that workplace learning is a context-specific and interactive process. The social service organisation, with its unique features, serves the purpose of providing an environment for learning, with first-time supervisors afforded the opportunity to learn within the context and through interaction with other role-players. In summary, the study recommends a need for fostering of communities of practice, designing and management of workplace learning programmes, and ensuring the creation of sustainable and healthy workplaces. Keywords: social service organisation, organisational context, supervision practice, workplace learning, social service professions
Production of Liquid Soap from Virgin Coconut Oil with the Active Ingredient Citronella Oil
Authors: Handayani Prima Astuti , Aditiya Didit Rizky , Almaidah Jannatin Ockta
Published: June 2023

The use of hand-washing soap is able to kill germs because it can remove oil and dirt that sticks to the hands. In making this liquid soap, active substances from nature, which is citronella oil, are used as anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agents. This study aims to study the factors that influence the response of free alkali and optimum conditions in the manufacture of liquid soap. The optimization method uses Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Central Composite Design. Experimental variables were carried out at reaction temperature (60-80°C), KOH concentration (30-50%), and reaction time (30-50 minutes). The results of the analysis using statistical software obtained the optimum operating conditions for the reaction time of 56,818 minutes, KOH concentration of 46,818%, and reaction temperature of 86,818°C with a free alkali value response of 0.04158%. These results meet the SNI 06-4085-1996 standard with a free alkali value below 0.1%.
Atuação dos profissionais de contabilidade do Estado de Mato Grosso na prestação de contas eleitorais
Authors: Magalhães Filho Silvio da Costa , Silva de Andrade Arione
Published: June 2023

Nos últimos anos, a contabilidade eleitoral ganhou um espaço significativo para atuação dos profissionais de contabilidade, sendo impulsionado pela obrigatoriedade da assinatura do profissional contábil na prestação de contas eleitorais. Diante disso, este trabalho objetiva verificar a atuação dos profissionais de contabilidade do Estado de Mato Grosso na prestação de contas eleitorais dos candidatos a cargo político. Para atingir o objetivo do estudo, utilizou-se a metodologia de pesquisa descritiva, com uma abordagem qualitativa para análise dos dados, coletados por meio de questionário eletrônico disponibilizado no período de abril a setembro de 2021. A amostra é composta por 95 sujeitos, contadores e técnicos em contabilidade que atuaram em processo de prestação de contas. Os resultados sugerem que os profissionais de contabilidade ainda apresentam uma atuação mais técnica e burocrática no processo de prestação de contas, apresentando uma baixa participação no processo de planejamento e gestão das contas eleitorais. Avaliando a segurança jurídica dos profissionais de contabilidade, é preocupante o baixo índice de concordância quando se trata do registro e protocolo de documentos recebidos, bem como o estabelecimento em contrato de suas obrigações e responsabilidade perante a prestação de contas eleitorais.
El clasicismo en las culturas del antiguo Egipto y Mesopotamia: el Zeitgeist del primer tercio del II milenio a.C..
Authors: Blesa Cuenca José Luis
Published: June 2023

El Reino Medio Egipcio y la Primera Dinastía de Babilonia fueron considerados por sus respectivas culturas como el periodo clásico de las mismas. Habitualmente estudiadas por separado, nuestro trabajo pretende ser una reflexión en conjunto que muestre cómo muchas de las características propias del periodo en Egipto y en Mesopotamia son en realidad respuestas locales a situaciones más bien globales, propias de la época que vivieron.Palabras clave: Historia cultural, Reino Medio egipcio, Primera Dinastía de Babilonia, Zeitgeist, clasicismo.AbstractThe Egyptian Middle Kingdom and the First Dynasty of Babylon were judged by their respective peoples as the classical period of these cultures. Both are usually studied separately, but our work tries to be a joint reflection that shows how many features of this period both in Egypt and Mesopotamia are in fact local responses to rather global situations, typical of the time they lived.Keywords: Cultural history, Egyptian Middle Kingdom, First Dynasty of Babylon, Zeitgeist, classicism.
«Con sus propios dedos». Artistas en la necrópolis tebana a comienzos de la dinastía XIX
Authors: Menéndez Gema
Published: June 2023

Las tumbas de los miembros de la élite tebana ramésida, ricamente decoradas, muestran la existencia de artistas cualificados, pintores y escultores, con el mismo grado de especialización que los trabajadores de Deir el-Medina. El presente artículo pretende presentar un proyecto de investigación que comenzó basándose en los artistas reales y que ha pasado a buscar indicios de aquellos artistas tebanos que permanecían activos a comienzos de la dinastía XIX y contemporáneos a Deir el-Medina.Palabras clave: Arte, artistas, pintor, escultor, dinastía XIX, tumbas, extranjeros, Periodo Ramésida, Tebas, Deir el-Medina.AbstractThe funerary monuments of ramesside Theban officials, richly decorated, show the existence of qualified artists, draftsmen and sculptors as highly-trained as the royal workers of Deir el-Medina. This article aims to present a research project that began based on the royal artists and has gone to look for evidences of those Theban artists who remained active in the early XIXth dynasty and contemporary at Deir el-Medina.Keywords: Art, artists, painter, sculptor, XIXth Dynasty, tombs, foreigners, Ramesside Period, Thebes, Deir el-Medina.
El sistro: el sonido de Egipto en Creta
Authors: Milán Quiñones de León Mª Soledad
Published: June 2023

Durante la Edad del Bronce el Egeo es el escenario de una red de intercambios de materias primas, objetos e ideas entre diferentes regiones. En la isla de Creta tenemos testimonios de las relaciones que mantiene con Egipto tanto a través de la cultura material como de determinadas representaciones iconográficas. Uno de los objetos que evidencian estos contactos es un instrumento musical, el sistro, que aparece tanto en el registro arqueológico como en la iconografía minoica y que nos habla de una transmisión no solo de objetos sino también de ideas.Palabras clave: Creta, Egipto, Edad del Bronce, música, sistro.AbstractDuring the Bronze Age, the Aegean constitutes the scene of a wide interaction network of goods, objects and ideas within different regions. In Crete we have many evidences of the contacts maintained with Egypt through material culture and iconographic representations. One of the objects confirming these interactions is a musical instrument, the sistrum, extant in the archaeological record as well as in several depictions indicating that there was a transmission not only of objects but also of ideas.Keywords: Crete, Egypt, Bronze Age, music, sistrum.
De cuando Poe interrogó a una momia. Un extraño caso a caballo entre la antropología cultural y la arqueología forense. El orientalismo sometido a examen por el padre del terror racional
Authors: Guadalupe Ingelmo Salomé
Published: June 2023

Si bien el relato Some Words with a Mummy, de Edgar Allan Poe, bebe de fuentes precedentes tanto narrativas como de otra naturaleza, su trama se revela extremadamente original a la hora de ofrecer una nueva aproximación a la figura literaria de la momia. En manos del cáustico Poe, este relato se convierte en una contundente crítica contra la soberbia racionalista y, más concretamente, contra los discutibles métodos de historiadores y arqueólogos decimonónicos.Palabras clave: Edgar Allan Poe, Some Words with a Mummy, relatos de momias, Romanticismo oscuro, terror racional, “cuentos de raciocinio”, Mary Shelley, Frankenstein, narrativa gótica, reanimación mediante electricidad, galvanismo, cientificismo, soberbia racionalista, ética en la investigación científica, El pie de momia, Théophile Gautier, colonialismo y literatura, arqueología e historia decimonónicas, atesoramiento en la incipiente egiptología.AbstractAlthough Edgar Allan Poe’s short story Some Words with a Mummy is inspired by previous narratives and other sources, its plot is highly original as it offers a new approach to the mummy character. In the hands of mordant Poe, this story becomes a strong critique against the rationalist hubris and, more specifically, against the questionable methods of Nineteenth-Century historians and archaeologists.Keywords: Edgar Allan Poe, Some Words with a Mummy, stories of mummies, Dark Romanticism, rational horror, “tales of ratiocination”, Mary Shelley, Frankenstein, Gothic fiction, electrical resuscitation, galvanism, scientism, rationalistic pride, ethics of scientific research, The Mummy’s Foot, Théophile Gautier, colonialism and literature, Nineteenth-Century Archaeology and History, the hoarding by emerging Egyptology.
El significado simbólico del nombre en la cultura hitita y su relación con la figura a la que acompaña
Authors: Arroyo Cambronero Ana
Published: June 2023

Buena parte de los relieves antropomorfos hititas están acompañados, al menos, por una inscripción que contiene el nombre de la persona representada. La inclusión de la onomástica junto a la figura cumple una función identificativa, pero también simbólica que se corrobora gracias a ciertos pasos de rituales mágicos. Entre la onomástica y la figura se establece una relación directa que permite interpretar el conjunto como una estructura sintáctica en la que ambos componentes se influyen y complementan mutuamente. El objetivo de la presente contribución es interpretar y explicar esta función simbólica del nombre asociado a la figura.Palabras clave: Cultura hitita, nombre (propio), relieves, dirección de lectura, memoria.AbstractThe most part of Hittite anthropomorphic reliefs are associated with an inscription, which, at least, consists of the proper name of the depicted person. The inclusion of a personal name next to a figure serves to identify it, but it also fulfills a simbolic function, which is supported by certain passages of magical rituals. Between the personal name and the human figure can be established a close relation that allows to interpret the whole group as a sintactical structure in which both components influence and complement each other. The aim of this contribution is to interpret as well as to explain this simbolic function of the proper name linked to a figure.Keywords: Hittite culture, (proper) name, reliefs, reading order, memory.
Fabricating unidirectional magnetic papers using permanent magnets to align magnetic nanoparticle covered natural cellulose fibers
Authors: Mashkour Mahdi , Tajvidi Mehdi , Kimura Tsunehisa , Kimura Fumiko , Ebrahimi Ghanbar
Published: June 2023

This paper reports a simple innovative method to align magnetic cellulose fibers by using a simple permanent magnet to fabricate unidirectional magnetic papers. Magnetic cellulose fibers were made by in situ synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles on alpha cellulose pulp extracted from American southern pine. Scanning electron microscope micrographs and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy maps indicated that magnetite nanoparticles completely covered the cellulose fibers. Suspensions of magnetic cellulose fibers were prepared at three levels of concentration (0.02, 0.04, and 0.08 g/L) and poured into the designed magnetic forming machine. Flow rate of suspension into the forming column was adjusted at 0, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 cm/s. The strength of the applied external magnetic field was the same in all cases and lower than 0.18 T. Orientation analysis indicated that the designed magnetic forming machine has a high performance to be used for aligning magnetic cellulose fibers and fabricating unidirectional magnetic cellulose papers. Observed anisotropic magnetic and mechanical properties confirmed the unidirectional structure.
Suberin composition from different bark layers of Quercus suber L. by PY-GC/MS in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH)
Authors: Olivellaa M. Àngels , del Río J. C.
Published: June 2023

In previous studies we found significant differences in the suberin content with respect to the bark layer of Quercus suber samples. In this study the monomer composition of suberin from the two bark layers (i.e., back and cork) of three provenances (Extremadura, Castile-la Mancha, and Portugal) was investigated using pyrolysis in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major compounds released were octadec-9-enedioic acid, docosanedioic acid, and 9,10-epoxyocta-decanedioic acid with mean values of 17%, 14.5%, and 11%, respectively. The former is more abundant in back than in cork, and the latter in cork than in back with mean differences, in terms of percentages, between the back and cork of 4.3 ± 0.81 and 2.2 ± 0.52, respectively.
Utilisation of Astragalus armatus roots in papermaking
Authors: Moussaoui Younes , Ferhi Faten , Elaloui Elimame , Ben Salem Ridha , Belgacem Mohamed Naceur
Published: June 2023

The chemical composition of Astragalus armatus contains quite a high amount of extractives in organic solvents (close to 13%), but a low percentage of lignin (around 17%) and an acceptable content of holocellulose (54%). The α-cellulose content is around 35%, and the ash content is around 3%. Using the insight of such data, the soda-anthraquinone cooking of Astragalus armatus produced lignocellulosic fibres. Different cooking temperatures (100, 120, 140, and 160°C) were tested and the delignification duration was 2 h. A yield of about 30% w/w was obtained, and the obtained pulps had a kappa number of 25. Finally, the isolated fibres were used to produce paper samples with a basis weight of 60 g/m2. The structural and mechanical properties of the prepared samples were close to those of other common annual plant-based fibre mats.
Effects of wood fiber content on the rheological properties, crystallization behavior, and cell morphology of extruded wood fiber/HDPE composites foams
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Rizvi Ghaus M. , Park Chul B.
Published: June 2023

When increasing the wood fiber (WF) content in extruded wood fiber/plastic composites (WPC) foams, a good balance between reducing the cost and obtaining good cell morphology should be maintained. This study examines the relationship between WF content and the foam morphology in WPC foams. The role of WF as cell nucleating agent at low concentrations (10 wt.%) was observed, as WPC foam with 10 wt.% WF had lower average cell size and higher cell density than neat HDPE foams. Increasing the WF content further, decreased the average cell size and cell density, and increased the foam density of WPC foams. These results were linked to the rheological properties and crystallization behavior of HDPE and WPC with different WF content.
Isolation and characterization of soluble polysaccharides of Dendrocalamus brandisii: A high-yielding bamboo species
Authors: Shi Zheng-Jun , Xiao Ling-Ping , Deng Jia , Xu Feng , Sun Run-Cang
Published: June 2023

Nine soluble polysaccharide fractions were sequentially extracted with hot water at 80, 100, and 120 °C for 3 h, and 60% aqueous ethanol containing 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 3.00, and 5.00% NaOH at 80 °C for 3 h from dewaxed bamboo (Dendrocalamus brandisii) sample, and their chemical compositions and physicochemical properties were examined. The sequential treatments yielded 20.6% soluble polysaccharides of the dry dewaxed bamboo material. Molecular weight and neutral sugars analysis revealed that the soluble polysaccharides were mainly composed of arabinoglucuronoxylans and amylose starch. Spectroscopy (FT-IR, 1H, 13C, and 2D-HSQC NMR) analyses suggested that the isolated arabinoglucuronoxylans from bamboo (D. brandisii) could be defined as a linear (1→4)-β-linked-xylopyranosyl backbone to which α-L-arabinofuranose units and/or short chains of 4-O-methyl-glucuronic acid were attached as side residues via α-(1→3) and/or α-(1→2) linkages. In addition, it was found that the thermal stability of polysaccharides increased with an increment of their molar mass.
Biological pretreatment of lignocelluloses with white-rot fungi and its applications: A review
Authors: Isroi  , Millati Ria , Syamsiah Siti , Niklasson Claes , Cahyanto Muhammad Nur , Lundquist Knut , Taherzadeh Mohammad J.
Published: June 2023

Lignocellulosic carbohydrates, i.e. cellulose and hemicellulose, have abundant potential as feedstock for production of biofuels and chemicals. However, these carbohydrates are generally infiltrated by lignin. Breakdown of the lignin barrier will alter lignocelluloses structures and make the carbohydrates accessible for more efficient bioconversion. White-rot fungi produce ligninolytic enzymes (lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and laccase) and efficiently mineralise lignin into CO2 and H2O. Biological pretreatment of lignocelluloses using white-rot fungi has been used for decades for ruminant feed, enzymatic hydrolysis, and biopulping. Application of white-rot fungi capabilities can offer environmentally friendly processes for utilising lignocelluloses over physical or chemical pretreatment. This paper reviews white-rot fungi, ligninolytic enzymes, the effect of biological pretreatment on biomass characteristics, and factors affecting biological pretreatment. Application of biological pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis, biofuels (bioethanol, biogas and pyrolysis), biopulping, biobleaching, animal feed, and enzymes production are also discussed.
Reporte de Pecari tajacu y Procyon lotor con anomalías cromáticas en el Estado de Guerrero, México
Authors: Ruiz-Gutiérrez Fernando , Chávez Cuauhtémoc , Hernández-Hernández Julio C. , Torres-Bernal Rubí , Ruiz-Gutiérrez Beida O. , Vázquez-Arroyo Enrique , Barrera-Nava Eduardo Y. , Samudio-Pineda Osmar
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo documenta el primer registro de anomalías cromáticas en el pecarí de collar (Pecari tajacu) y el tercero en el mapache (Procyon lotor) para México. Los hallazgos se realizaron durante el monitoreo realizado entre el 2009 y el 2021, utilizando cámaras-trampa, principalmente en la ecorregión de la Sierra Madre del Sur del estado de Guerrero, México. Procyon lotor fue registrado entre el 5 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2019, en vegetación riparia de bosque tropical caducifolio (17°47’35”N, 98°39’59”W, 1134 m de altitud). Mientras que Pecari tajacu se registró el 7 de junio y el 22 de julio del 2021 en una brecha saca cosecha abandonada (17°38’12”N, 100°40’50”W; 1532 m de altitud).
Una nueva especie de Chrysochlamys (Clusiaceae, Clusioideae, Clusieae) del Parque Nacional Cordillera Azul, Loreto, Perú
Authors: Rojas Gonzales Rocio Del Pilar , Vásquez Martínez Rodolfo
Published: June 2023

Se describe e ilustra Chrysochlamys montieliae, nueva especie de la familia Clusiaceae, subfamilia Clusioideae, tribu Clusieae, procedente del Parque Nacional Cordillera Azul, del Departamento de Loreto. Siguiendo los criterios de la UICN, proponemos categorizarla como Datos Insuficientes (DD), debido a que solo es conocida de la localidad tipo. Igualmente, se discute sus relaciones con las especies afines.
Ultrasonographic diagnosis of polypoid cystitis with struvite crystals in a Shih Tzu dog
Authors: Swetha Kambala , Reddy Bhavanam Sudhakara , S Sivajothi
Published: June 2023

A seven-year-old un-castrated male Shih Tzu dog was presented with signs of in appetence and dysuria for ten days. Abdominal ultrasonography noticed multiple mucosal projections, isoechoic with a mildly thickened bladder wall and sledge in the urinary bladder. Urine analysis revealed a pH of 8.5, specific gravity of 1.050, struvite crystals and microbial culture yielded Staphycolocci and Pseudomonas. Present communication about the rare documentation of polypoid cystitis which was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography.
Protected areas of Brazil’s coastal- marine system: spatial modeling and conservation planning on biomes – ocean interface
Authors: Eichler Patrícia Pinheiro Beck , Da-Silva Orione Álvares - , Barbosa José Antonio
Published: June 2023

The limits of the six biomes of the Brazilian territory (i.g. Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Caatinga, Pampa and Pantanal) were recently revised,1 and a new territorial section of the ocean-continent interface, called Marine Coastal System (CMS) was presented. However, despite being a central theme for conservation planning, the spatial relationship between federal conservation units of Brazil (FCU) and CMS remained without integration. In this work we investigate ecological and territorial representativeness of FCU on Brazil's four geopolitical regions with biomes and ocean interface by developing spatial modeling (five models) encompassing a broad biogeographic context. The objective was to determine the spatial relationship between CMS and FCU, through the application of a set of topological and algebraic rules. Maps of spatial distribution of the FCU in the 5 biomes and in the 4 geopolitical regions shows overlapping CMS. The results indicate that among the 63 FCU found by the M_5 model, 51 FCU present a territorial sharing area with 5 biomes: Amazon, Pampa, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga and Cerrado. In the Amazon and Pampa biomes occur the largest area of overlap with the CMS, but the highest concentration of FCU occurs in the Atlantic Forest biome. The CMS area in the Northeastern region presented the highest environmental heterogeneity, and overlaps four biomes, encompassed most of the FCU of the ocean-continent interface, and also evidenced that the lack of integration of both legal concepts and government databases might cause differences on ecological and territorial representativeness of FCU on Brazil's four geopolitical regions with biomes-ocean interface.
Artificial intelligence and aging: potential and precautions
Authors: Marks Ray
Published: June 2023

Since the introduction of artificial intelligence [AI] its ongoing impact and possible implications have been continuously discussed. Among these discussions are the possible implications and applications of AI for longevity promotion. This brief summarizes some of these ideas in the context of aging. Drawn from emerging literature on this topic, it is concluded benefits can be experienced currently in the realm of assessment, planning, diagnosis, and intervention. Some form of human AI interaction may be desirable for improving life quality, and age associated social isolation impacts than AI alone.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНА РОЛЬ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОГО ОСВІТНЬОГО ХАБУ
Authors: ТРІПАК Мар’ян , ТИМКІВ Андрій
Published: June 2023

Визначено структуру інклюзивного освітнього хабу як соціально-економічної інституції. Встановлено, що його структуру мають формувати чотири основні платформи: освіта, наука, реабілітація і виробництво. Це дозволить хабу акумулювати зусилля закладів освіти, потенціал наукових шкіл, реабілітаційні можливості й практичне застосування вмінь, знань і навичок здобувачів з особливими освітніми потребами через виробничу складову.
Складові інклюзивного освітнього хабу, з огляду на їх функціональні можливості, є ендогенними детермінантами, що формують основні напрями діяльності хабу і визначають його роль як соціально-економічного феномену. Діяльність хабу також обумовлюють і екзогенні чинники, які створюють умови його функціонування й визначають можливості фінансування його діяльності.
Встановлено соціальну роль і економічне значення інклюзивного освітнього хабу як форми інституціоналізації інклюзивної освіти. Його соціальну значимість у забезпеченні верств населення з особливими потребами посилюють можливості здобуття якісної освіти, підвищення кваліфікації і перекваліфікації відповідно до фізичних чи психологічних особливостей паралельно з фізичною чи психологічною реабілітацією.
Економічний результат, що виокремлює роль хабу як повноцінного учасника економічних відносин, полягає в пропозиції першого робочого місця для людей з особливими потребами, відновленні робочої сили як фактора виробництва, формуванні людського капіталу як основи розвитку, а також у отриманні прибутку від виробничої діяльності, надання освітніх і реабілітаційних послуг, у залученні внутрішніх і зовнішніх джерел інвестування.
 Визначено співвідношення окремих цілей Плану відновлення України і економічних важелів, якими володіє інклюзивний освітній хаб для їх реалізації.
Kinetics of charge carriers in bilateral macroporous silicon
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Onyshchenko V.F. , Karachevtseva L.A. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Andrieieva K.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Dmytruk N.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Evmenova A.Z. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

The kinetics of charge carriers in bilateral macroporous silicon with macroporous layers of equal thicknesses is calculated by the finite difference method. A diffusion equation for a monocrystalline substrate and macroporous layers is solved. The boundary conditions are defined at the boundaries between the monocrystalline substrate and the macroporous silicon layers on both sides. Stationary distribution of excess charge carriers in the bilateral macroporous silicon with the macroporous layers of equal thicknesses calculated by the finite difference method is set as the initial condition. Under stationary conditions, excess charge carriers are generated by light with the wavelengths of 0.95 µm and 1.05 µm. It is shown that at the counting times much longer than the relaxation time, all the distributions of the concentration of excess minority carriers generated by light with any wavelength approach the same distribution with exponentially decreasing value.
A method for fast calculating the electronic states in 2D quantum structures based on AIIIBV nitrides
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Slipokurov V.A. , Korniychuk P.P. ,   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, 40, Velyka Berdychivska str., 10008 Zhytomyr, Ukraine, Zinovchuk A.V. ,   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, 40, Velyka Berdychivska str., 10008 Zhytomyr, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

The paper presents a method for fast calculating the electronic states in two-dimensional quantum structures based on AIIIBV nitrides. The method is based on the representation of electronic states in the form of a linear combination of bulk wave functions of materials, from which quantum structures are made. The parameters and criteria for the selection of bulk wave functions that provides fast convergence of the numerical procedures for calculating the eigenvalues of the quantum Hamiltonian have been considered. The results of the calculations have been given both for one polar InGaN/GaN quantum well and for a system of several quantum wells. Being based on the full band structure of AIIIBV nitrides with a wurtzite-type crystal lattice, the proposed approach takes into account the states far from the center of the Brillouin zone, while preserving the computational efficiency of traditional methods of envelope function in approximating the effective mass.
http://journal-spqeo.org.ua/n2_2023/P180-187abstr.html
Authors:   Institute for Information Recording, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2, Shpak str., 03113 Kyiv, Ukraine, Antonov E.E. , Kondratenko S.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13, Volodymyrska str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine, Lysenko V.S. ,   nstitute for Semiconductors Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Petrov V.V. ,   Institute for Information Recording, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2, Shpak str., 03113 Kyiv, Ukraine, Zenin V.N. ,   Institute for Information Recording, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2, Shpak str., 03113 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

An algorithm has been developed for modeling the parameters of micro-prismatic specialized plane-focusing Fresnel lenses. Such lenses are more effective for application in photovoltaic modules for concentration of sunlight compare to the traditional point-focusing Fresnel lenses. The technical parameters of photovoltaic modules with these lenses were investigated. The method for manufacturing above lenses by diamond cutting technique and subsequent thermal pressing of silicone blanks is proposed. Some samples of specialized plane-focusing microprisms, which are made using our simulation results, have been experimentally investigated.
Laser-induced thermal emission of carbon microparticles on transparent heat-sink substrates
Authors:   aras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Physics 64/13, Volodymyrska str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine, Zelenska K.S. , Zelensky S.E. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Physics 64/13, Volodymyrska str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kolesnik O.S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Physics 64/13, Volodymyrska str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine, Aoki Toru ,   Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University Johoku 3-5-1, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan, Teselko P.O. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Physics 64/13, Volodymyrska str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

Thermal emission is an informative tool to study materials’ properties at high temperatures under laser irradiation. The kinetics decay of laser-induced thermal emission from carbon microparticles deposited on heat-sink surfaces of transparent dielectrics (glass and sapphire) was studied. A Q-switched YAG:Nd3+ laser (pulse duration τi = 20 ns, energy/power density 0.5 J·cm–2, 25 MW·cm–2) was employed to excite thermal emission. In calculations, the classical heat conduction equation was used. With increasing the thermal conductivity of substrate (from glass to sapphire), reduction in the emission pulse duration has been observed.
MODAL SOSIAL KOMUNITAS DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI PURNA PEKERJA MIGRAN PEREMPUAN
Authors: Rofiuddin Arif , Ruwaida Ida
Published: June 2023

Abstract: This study aims to determine the empowerment carried out by the community in increasing the economic and social capacity of former female migrant workers. The research design used was descriptive qualitative. The research instruments included interview guides, observation guidelines and documentation. The results showed that the empowerment carried out by the community in increasing economic capacity had progressed and increased compared to before. The community here has social capital in the form of a social network in the social sphere to increase economic assets for former female migrant workers. Social capital itself has the power to capitalize social relations, including values, social networks and trust to obtain economic and social benefits.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  pemberdayaan yang dilakukan komunitas dalam meningkatkan kemampuan ekonomi dan social para mantan buruh migran perempuan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif.Instrumen penelitian meliputi pedoman wawancara, pedoman observasi dan dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukan pemberdayaan yang dilakukan oleh komunitas dalam meningkatkan kemampuan ekonomi mengalami kemajuan dan peningkatan dibandingkan sebelumnya. Komunitas disini  memiliki modal sosial yang  berupa jaringan  social dalam lingkup social untuk  menaikan asset ekonomi bagi para mantan buruh migran perempuan. Modal social sendiri memiliki kekuatan dalam mengkapitalisasiakn relasi-relasi social, mencakup nilai-norma, jaringan social dan kepercayaan untuk memperoleh keuntungan ekonomi dan social.
HAS THE US POLICY BEEN MORE ANTI-IRANIAN THAN PRO-ARAB WITH THE FALL OF THE SHAH? A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Dwiastuti Ilmi
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince the fall of the Shah, the US-Iran relations have changed significantly. During the Shah regime, US-Iran experience a warm relationship through economic and military partnerships, however, it changed since the Iran revolution until today. Iran turned out to be one of the axis of evil during the Bush administration. The fall of the Shah also changes the direction of the foreign policy of the US. It then led to the proposition of whether the US foreign policy has been more anti-Iranian than pro-Arab with the fall of the Shah. This paper seeks to answer this question through historical analysis. It examines the US policy during the Cold War era and the post-Cold War. Therefore, the US policy in the region is not always anti-Iranian than the pro-Arab case. The changed regional architecture influences the priorities of the President of the US at that time to put aside Iran's issue, as it happened on George H.W. Bush, Clinton, and Obama administration. Thus, the characteristic of the leader also heavily influences US posture in Iran, as Bush and Trump's personality and policies are clearly against Iran. However, despite the dynamic relations of the US-Iran, Iran has always been one of the threats for the US interest in the Persian Gulf since the Shah has fallen.