bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Funcionalidade da linguagem no transtorno do espectro do autismo: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Lima Leilane Júlia Chaves de , Britto Denise Brandão de Oliveira e , Nogueira Gabriela Damaris Ribeiro , Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar
Published: July 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear e sintetizar evidências científicas sobre a funcionalidade da linguagem em crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo. Métodos: trata-se de revisão de escopo com objetivo de mapear e sintetizar evidências científicas sobre a funcionalidade da linguagem em crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo. Como estratégia de pesquisa, utilizaram-se a pergunta norteadora, a seleção de artigos e compilação dos resultados. Os critérios de seleção foram: estudos com amostras de crianças e adolescentes que abordavam Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo, Fonoaudiologia, comunicação, linguagem e funcionalidade. Após leitura dos títulos, descritores e resumos por avaliadores independentes e leitura dos artigos na íntegra, os dados registrados para a revisão foram: ano de publicação, tipo de estudo, país de origem, tamanho amostral, idade dos participantes, instrumentos utilizados, subsistemas de linguagem avaliados e resultados. Revisão da Literatura: foram levantados 1.056 artigos, 536 foram lidos na íntegra e 16 foram incluídos. Houve grande variabilidade de instrumentos de avaliação e poucos estudos envolvendo adolescentes. Indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo apresentaram alterações na funcionalidade da linguagem relacionadas a pragmática, morfossintaxe, semântica e fonologia. Conclusão: o mapa preliminar de evidências indica que crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo apresentam diversidade de alterações na linguagem.
Manutenção do conhecimento adquirido por agentes comunitários de saúde sobre temáticas relacionadas à saúde auditiva: Uma proposta na modalidade remota
Authors: Streit Glória Cristina de Souza , Brum Júlia Borgheti , Hames Laura Binsfeld , Nascimento Rafael Niederauer do , Patatt Fernanda Soares Aurélio
Published: July 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: mensurar a manutenção do conhecimento adquirido por agentes comunitários de saúde sobre saúde auditiva e verificar se há associação com as variáveis faixa etária, escolaridade e tempo de função. Métodos: estudo experimental, do qual 30 agentes comunitários de saúde participaram em quatro encontros remotos. No primeiro encontro foram coletados os dados acerca das variáveis faixa etária, escolaridade e tempo de função dos profissionais. No segundo e no terceiro, realizaram-se ações educativas sobre: 1) audição, 2) saúde/alterações auditivas, 3) organização do Serviço de Atenção à Saúde Auditiva, 4) uso e higienização das próteses auditivas e 5) importância das consultas de acompanhamento, além da aplicação do Quiz pós-imediato. No quarto encontro, aplicou-se o Quiz pós-tardio. Cada Quiz continha dez situações-problema. Mensurou-se a manutenção do conhecimento por meio da comparação dos escores de acertos. Ainda, realizou-se a associação entre os desempenhos obtidos pelos sujeitos e as variáveis. Os dados foram submetidos aos testes estatísticos de McNemar, Binomial e Exato de Fisher, adotando-se significância de 5%. Resultados: não houve diferença nos escores de acertos ao comparar os Quizzes. A manutenção do conhecimento não teve relação com as variáveis. Conclusão: o conhecimento adquirido pelos agentes comunitários de saúde manteve-se meses após as ações educativas e foi independente das variáveis faixa etária, escolaridade e tempo de função.
Central auditory processing and phonological processing in Brazilian Portuguese-English bilingual subjects
Authors: Quatrini Érica Aparecida Picoli , Rodrigues Carolini Marchetti , Zuanetti Patrícia Aparecida , Zanchetta Sthella , Fukuda Marisa Tomoe Hebihara
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose: to compare temporal auditory processing (temporal ordering) and phonological processing skills in bilingual and monolingual subjects. Methods: 100 undergraduate and postgraduate university students divided into a bilingual group (BG; n = 50) and a monolingual group (MG; n = 50). The study assessed the two groups’ phonological processing skills (phonological awareness, working memory - phonological loop, and rapid lexicon access) and temporal auditory processing skills (Frequency Pattern and Duration Pattern Tests). The Mann-Whitney test (p = 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. Results: BG performed better than MG in phonological awareness and phonological working memory tasks - nonword repetition and rapid naming tasks, except for color naming, and the two auditory processing tests. Conclusion: Bilinguals performed better on phonological and auditory tests. These skills help them identify and discriminate variations in the phonology of both languages, influencing their performance.
Processamento auditivo central e processamento fonológico em bilíngues do português brasileiro - inglês
Authors: Quatrini Érica Aparecida Picoli , Rodrigues Carolini Marchetti , Zuanetti Patrícia Aparecida , Zanchetta Sthella , Fukuda Marisa Tomoe Hebihara
Published: July 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar as habilidades do processamento auditivo temporal (ordenação temporal) e do processamento fonológico em sujeitos bilíngues e monolíngues. Métodos: participaram 100 estudantes universitários (graduação e pós-graduação) divididos em Grupo Bilíngue (GB n=50) e Grupo Monolíngue (GM n=50). As habilidades do Processamento Fonológico (consciência fonológica, memória de trabalho - alça fonológica e acesso rápido ao léxico) e habilidades temporais do Processamento Auditivo (testes de Padrão de Frequência e Padrão de Duração) dos dois grupos, foram avaliadas. Foi utilizado, para análise estatística, o teste de Mann-Whitney (p=0,05). Resultados: observou-se melhor desempenho do GB em tarefas de consciência fonológica e memória de trabalho fonológica - repetição de não-palavras, em tarefas de nomeação rápida, exceto para nomeação de cores, e melhor desempenho nos dois testes de processamento auditivo, comparado com o desempenho do GM. Conclusão: indivíduos bilíngues apresentam melhor desempenho em testes fonológicos e auditivos. Essas habilidades favorecem a identificação e discriminação de variações na fonologia de ambos os idiomas, influenciando seu desempenho.
Programa Atenas: serviço pioneiro de atenção extra hospitalar ao aborto no primeiro trimestre por telemedicina
Authors: Victa Ana Gabriela Lima Bispo de , McCallum Cecilia , Menezes Greice
Published: July 2024

RESUMO A criminalização do aborto no Brasil e o acesso restrito ao misoprostol obrigam mulheres a buscarem métodos inseguros para sua indução. Atenção hospitalar ao aborto induzido ou espontâneo é padrão. Na contracorrente, no cenário internacional, a telessaúde no aborto medicamentoso é padrão ouro da atenção às perdas gestacionais, espontâneas ou induzidas. Este artigo apresenta o Programa Atenas iniciativa inédita de atenção ao aborto no primeiro trimestre gestacional – com foco no atendimento extra-hospitalar, através de monitoramento telefônico por enfermeiras, facultando às mulheres escolher o método de esvaziamento uterino (expectante, medicamentoso ou cirúrgico), com vistas à humanização da atenção. Foi realizada pesquisa etnográfica, em maternidade pública nordestina, entre 2014 e 2021. No contexto de dificuldades estruturais e conjunturais, 723 participantes foram atendidas; 73,6% prescindiram de hospitalização para resolução do aborto: 58,4% ocorreram de forma espontânea e 15,2% através do misoprostol hospitalar. Não houve registro de complicações. O monitoramento telefônico promoveu vínculo e cuidado individualizado a este público invisibilizado. Esta iniciativa orgânica do SUS, sem apoio financeiro de órgãos externos, representa um avanço na atenção humanizada às mulheres com aborto. Recomenda-se estender a toda rede pública de saúde, visando ampliação do acesso a um cuidado integral e humanizado no aborto.
Planejamento no SUS: a agenda das Práticas Corporais e Atividades Físicas de 2004 a 2023
Authors: Vieira Leonardo Araújo , Carvalho Fabio Fortunato Brasil de
Published: July 2024

RESUMO As Práticas Corporais e Atividades Físicas (PCAF) têm sido incorporadas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), tendo o Programa Academia da Saúde como principal expoente. Contudo, ainda não foi investigado o planejamento, que expressa as responsabilidades dos gestores quanto à saúde da população, para efetivação dessas práticas como políticas públicas de saúde. Assim, o presente artigo teve o objetivo de analisar a formulação e o desenvolvimento da agenda de promoção das PCAF a partir dos instrumentos de planejamento do âmbito federal do SUS – Plano Nacional de Saúde, Programação Anual de Saúde e Relatório Anual de Gestão, de 2004 a 2023. Por meio de estudo de caráter analítico-descritivo, pautado em pesquisa documental, foi realizada a busca de termos como: (in)atividade física; fisicamente ativo; exercício físico; práticas corporais; entre outros. A formulação e o desenvolvimento da referida agenda estiveram principalmente relacionados com o enfrentamento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, e houve importante disparidade entre o que foi planejado e o executado, em desfavor da expansão do Academia da Saúde. Com o resgate histórico da agenda das PCAF no SUS apresentado, são permitidos debates e iniciativas com vistas a efetivá-las enquanto política pública de saúde.
‘A part of me knew this would happen one day’: experiences of young people with HIV/ AIDS
Authors: Fonseca Beatriz Sousa da , Rodrigues Thamires Fernandes Cardoso da Silva , Silva Guilherme Malaquias , Pimenta Rosangela Aparecida , Silva Marcelo da , Furtado Marcela Demitto , Merino Maria de Fátima Garcia Lopes
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT This study was aimed at understanding the social representations of young people living with HIV. This is a qualitative study, based on the Social Representations Theory, carried out with 16 young people in outpatient follow-up. Data were collected between May and October 2022, through semi-structured interviews. For data processing, the lexical analysis technique was used, operationalized with the aid of the IRAMUTEQ software. The representation strongly associated with the diagnosis of HIV is related to lack of knowledge, prejudice and acceptance, also presenting positive elements such as a new beginning. Classes: Positive diagnosis for HIV: the new ‘me’; HIV in the face of ignorance and stigma; and Interpersonal relationships: dialogue, acceptance and respect necessary for young people. It was understood that the social representations of young people with HIV reflect their condition in society. The data show that there are different ways of experiencing HIV, often represented by fragility, resignation, and other times by strengthening. In order to minimize the vulnerability of young people to exposure to HIV and the risks of living with stigma and social prejudice, it is necessary to adopt strategies to raise awareness about the disease and to expand the dissemination of public policies that cover this topic.
Um graphic novel sobre o câncer de mama: instrumento de educação em saúde e popularização da ciência
Authors: Ferraz Dulce , Fleischer Soraya , Gama Fabiene
Published: July 2024

Este relato, com linguagens textual e imagética, sistematiza o processo de criação e produção de um material de educação em saúde e popularização científica: a graphic novel “180 graus: minhas reviravoltas com o câncer de mama”1. O livro aborda o câncer de mama por meio da linguagem dos quadrinhos para discutir este problema de saúde pública que, segundo estimativa do Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA), em 2023, afetaria mais de 73 mil mulheres no Brasil. O relato está organizado em cinco etapas: articulação de equipe e parcerias estratégicas; pesquisa e pré-produção do material para a história em quadrinhos (HQ); desenvolvimento da HQ; elaboração de materiais pedagógicos complementares à HQ; e edição e divulgação da HQ. Ao final, há também resultados, lições aprendidas e próximos passos.
Quadrinhos como linguagem para o processo formativo de corpos
Authors: Mecca Renata , Liberman Flávia
Published: July 2024

O processo formativo é considerado a criação contínua de formas somáticas ao longo da existência para fazer presença, para responder aos acontecimentos e para ampliar a função da vida em seu processo evolutivo. Dispõe de uma prática corporal fortemente baseada em imagens, uma vez que se inclui ver e trabalhar em processo e como realidade somática por meio de imagens gráficas e vídeo. Neste texto, discorremos sobre o uso da linguagem das histórias em quadrinhos (HQ) para cartografar o processo formativo de corpos, que emergiu do trabalho realizado pelo Laboratório do Processo Formativo durante a pandemia de Covid-19 em grupos on-line, diante da necessidade urgente de mutação dos corpos devido a confinamento e ameaça à vida e de adaptação a um cotidiano intensamente permeado pelas telas.
Escola da anarquia: psicodrama e letramento LGBTQIA+ e racial
Authors: Vomero Laura de Souza Zingra , Nery Maria da Penha
Published: July 2024

RESUMO Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar as contribuições do método sociopsicodramático para repensar e descolonizar a formação do papel de psicodramatista. É uma pesquisa qualitativa crítica e fenomenológica, na qual se utilizou do estudo de caso de um sociopsicodrama: pela inclusão LGBTQIA+ na formação do papel profissional. Aborda-se a importância dos debates em torno das pautas raciais, de gênero e sexualidade para tecer estratégias possíveis de combate à matriz colonial do pensamento. Este estudo busca contribuir para inovarmos e descolonizarmos nossa teoria e prática.
Propriedade privada e reconhecimento recíproco: fundamentos da crítica do capitalismo em Marx e Honneth e algumas consequências.
Authors: Souza Luiz Gustavo da Cunha de
Published: July 2024

Resumo O artigo discute os conceitos de propriedade privada e reconhecimento recíproco em trabalhos de Karl Marx e Axel Honneth. Partindo de artigos recentes nos quais Honneth retoma a distinção entre economia e sociologia na obra madura de Marx, procura-se, por meio de uma revisão de literatura e de uma tentativa de interpretação teórica sobre o uso que ambos fazem da ideia de propriedade privada, evidenciar alguns aspectos nos quais a crítica de Honneth aponta para limitações da obra de Marx. Em um segundo momento, pretende-se esboçar uma leitura que aponte para limitações da própria interpretação honnethiana, quando comparada com o modelo de análise adotado por Marx n’O capital. A despeito disso, por fim, o artigo conclui que não se trata de recuperar o trabalho de Marx como tal, mas o modelo subjacente à sua análise do capitalismo de uma economia política do reconhecimento como crítica do modo de produção capitalista.
Hospitalizações por transtornos mentais e comportamentais relacionados ao uso de álcool e outras substâncias psicoativas em adolescentes no Brasil, 2017-2022
Authors: Galvão Maria Theresa Leal , Santos Maria Vitória de Deus Ramos , Brito Luciana Mesquita , Evaristo Thalia Alves de Oliveira , Sousa Eduardo Lima de , Leitão Joaquim Neto Alencar Cunha , Rocha André Sousa
Published: July 2024

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico e a tendência das internações hospitalares por transtornos mentais e comportamentais devido ao uso de álcool e de outras substâncias psicoativas em adolescentes brasileiros, de 2017 a 2022. Métodos: Estudo de série temporal com dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde. A tendência foi analisada estimando-se a variação percentual anual (VPA) das taxas de internação por 100 mil habitantes e respectivos Intervalos pelo método de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Foram registradas 29.991 internações no período, sendo observada uma tendência decrescente das internações no Brasil, variando de 16,18 internações por 100 mil hab., em 2017, para 13,72 em 2022 (variação de -2,65%; IC₉₅% -4,47; -0,80), com maior declínio no sexo masculino (-3,48%; IC₉₅% -5,20;-1,72), na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos (-2,79%; IC₉₅% -4,49;-1,06), nas regiões Sul (-3,29%; IC₉₅% -5,37;-1,16) e Centro-Oeste (-3,64%; IC₉₅% -5,75;-1,49). Conclusão: As internações apresentaram tendência decrescente no período, com disparidades sociodemográficas.
Maximum shear modulus anisotropy of rooted soils
Authors: Karimzadeh Ali Akbar , Leung Anthony Kwan , Gao Zhiwei
Published: July 2024

The maximum shear modulus (G0(ij)) of rooted soils is crucial for assessing the deformation and liquefaction potential of vegetated infrastructures under seismic loading conditions. However, no data or theory are available to account for the anisotropy of G0(ij) of rooted soils. This study presents a new model that can predict G0(ij) anisotropy of rooted soils by incorporating the projection of the stress tensor on two independent tensors that describe the soil fabric and root network. Bender element tests were conducted on bare and vegetated specimens under isotropic and anisotropic loading conditions. The presence of roots in the soil increased G0(VH) at all confining pressures (p′), as well as G0(HH) and G0(HV) at low p′. However, the trend was reversed at higher p′ because the roots reduced the effects of confinement on G0(ij) by replacing stronger soil–soil interfaces with weaker soil–root interfaces. Roots made the soil fabric and G0(ij) more anisotropic. The proposed model can effectively predict the observed anisotropy of G0(ij) under isotropic and anisotropic loading conditions. The new model also offers a new method for determining the fabric anisotropy of sand based on the anisotropy of shear modulus.
Soft Corners and Sharp Edges: Exploring Inaccurate Geometric Shapes in Children's Picture Books
Authors: Akıncı Cosgun Aysegul , Pala Şengül , Nurnberger-haag Julie , Yılmaz Melek Merve
Published: July 2024

Given the inaccuracy of children's picture books on shapes published in English, there was a need to analyse Turkish picture books on shapes. In order to carry out the study on the accuracy of Turkish picture books, a rating rubric for English picture books was translated into Turkish. The Traffic Light Rating Rubric rates books as red (explicit inaccuracies), yellow (implicit inaccuracies or missing concepts) and green (correct concepts). As a result of the research, it was found that the findings for the Turkish books were consistent with the previous findings for the English books. In the majority of the books analysed, the geometric shapes were rated as incorrect (red). Given the importance of early mathematical study for long-term success, the Traffic Light Rating Rubric-Turkish Version is intended to provide guidance to book selectors such as librarians, parents and teachers, and ultimately authors and publishers who need to produce texts with the correct form.
A intelixencia artificial na cultura galega: coñecemento, usos e opinións
Authors:   Observatorio da Cultura Galega
Published: July 2024

No momento actual, cando aínda son máis as incertezas que as evidencias sobre o que pode chegar a implicar a introdución da IA no sector cultural, resulta interesante analizar a opinión dos/as profesionais da cultura galega, tanto para coñecer o grao no que se van implantando as distintas ferramentas da IA nas súas entidades, como para recoller as consideracións, prognósticos ou previsións que manteñen con respecto ás consecuencias, de carácter positivo ou negativo, que pode ter no sector a aplicación desta tecnoloxía. Como se ve neste informe, non son poucas as persoas entrevistadas que confían nas vantaxes da IA, pero tamén temen as súas posibles consecuencias negativas. O que si mostran con claridade os datos é que a IA chegou para quedar no sector cultural e que a súa presenza se vai ampliar notablemente nos vindeiros anos.
Hocaların Hocası Ancak Böyle Anılır, Böyle Anımsatılırdı: Prof. Dr. Hasan Işın DENER Bilim Sempozyumu
Authors: Kırca Mustafa
Published: July 2024

Hacettepe Üniversitesi İşletme Bölümü ile Anatolia Turizm Akademisi’nin ortaklaşa düzenlediği Prof. Dr.Hasan Işın DENER Bilim Sempozyumu, 18 Nisan 2024’te Hacettepe Üniversitesi Beytepe Kampüsü, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi’nde gerçekleşti. “Turizm” ve “işletme” alanlarında çeşitli bildirilerin sunulduğu bu sempozyuma, hocamızın ailesinin yanı sıra öğrencileri, öğrencilerinin öğrencileri, meslektaşları ve danışmanı olduğu tez öğrencileri katıldı. Sempozyum her yönüyle hocamızın vizyonunu, bilimsel yaklaşımını ve anılarını bizlere anımsattı.
Türk Edebiyatında Seyahat / Metro’da Edebiyat-Taşkent Metrosunda Bir Şair: Ali Şir Nevâyî
Authors: Kesin Tuğçe Nur
Published: July 2024

Özbekistan’ın Taşkent şehrinde bulunan metro hattı, seyahat edenlerin yolculuğunu kısalttığı kadar her biri sanat galerisi görünümünde olan duraklarıyla da insanların ilgisini çekiyor. Çağatay Edebiyatının büyük ismi Ali Şir Nevâyî’nin hatırasının yaşatıldığı güzel bir örnek olarak “Ali Şir Nevâyî İstasyonu” bu hat üzerinde yer alıyor. Şairin portresi ve eserlerinden rölyeflerin yer aldığı istasyon seyahat ve sanatın birleşim noktası olarak değerlendirilebilir. Ülkemizde bazı haberlere konu olan bu istasyon, hem tarihî hem de edebî yönüyle seyahat severlerin ilgisini çekse de yeterince tanıtılamamıştır.
Bu yazının konusu, 1984 yılında yapımı tamamlanan Özbekistan’ın Taşkent şehrinde yer alan Taşkent Metrosu’ndaki “Ali Şir Nevayi İstasyonu” olacaktır.
Evaluation of the root morphology of mandibular first premolars using cone-beam computed tomography in a peruvian population
Authors: Benavides-Guzman Olger ,   Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú., Rodríguez-Cárdenas Yalil , Aliaga-del Castillo Aron , Ruíz-Mora Gustavo Armando , Arriola-Guillén Luis Ernesto ,   Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú.,   Director, Graduate Orthodontic Clinic, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, USA.,   Division of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D.C, Colombia.,   Division of Orthodontics and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The morphology of the root canal of the first premolars is not always the same and therefore a good knowledge of its dental anatomy is essential. Aim: To assess the morphology of roots and root canals of mandibular first premolars in a Peruvian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sec-tional study. A total of 370 mandibular first premolars fulfilling the inclusion criteria were evaluated using CBCT, and the number of roots and root canals, the Vertucci’s classification of root canal configuration, age, sex and side of the tooth were registered. Results: One and two roots were presented in 96.2% (n=356) and 3.8% (n=14), respectively, of the mandibular first premolars analyzed, and one canal was present in 67.6% (n=250) and two canals in 32.2% (n=119). A type I root canal configuration was found in 67.6% (n=250) of the cases followed by type V with 26.2% (n=97). A statistically significant association was found between the number of roots and canals (p<0.001) and age also had a significant influence on this variable (p=0.0043). Conclusions: The presence of one canal in mandibular first premolars is the most frequent, although there is a considerable prevalence of two in the population studied. The number of roots is associated with the number of canals, with age having a significant influence on these variables.
Nasolabial anthropometry using 3D computed tomography scan reconstruction: baseline study for nasolabial correction in Indonesian children with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Sarilita Erli ,   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia., Galuh Nugraha Harry , Murniati Nani , Sjamsudin Endang , Yazid Yusuf Harmas ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.,   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.,   Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.,   Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
Published: July 2024

Background: The normal nasolabial structure of infants and chil-dren from East Asian, specifically Indonesian, descent groups has been less explored in the literature. This anthropometric study is used as a guide in lip repair in patients with clefts. This retrospective study used archived CT images from the Indonesian population. Materials and Methods: Computed tomography records of children under 5 years of age were extracted from a provincial hospital. The images were then filtered based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and then the 2D slices were reconstructed using the open source software Invesalius. Twenty-five variable nasolabial parameters of the nasolabial structure were then measured in the 3D rendering mode. Images with craniofacial dysmorphism or cannulas that passed over the nasolabial structure were excluded. Results were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: Fourteen of 128 CT images were included in this study. The samples were divided into two age groups: 0-12 months and 25-54 months. There were moderate to strong, positive correlations between age and all nasolabial variables, which were statistically significant (p<0.05) except for nasal length, nares circumference, columella width, superior philtrum width, philtrum column height, and cutaneous upper lip height. Conclusions: This study described anthropometric measurements of normal nasolabial structures as a reference point for lip correction surgery. However, to obtain more accurate anthropometric guidelines, further studies with larger sample sizes are desirable. Although surgical repair of the lip is usually performed within the first year of life, some cases of surgery are performed after infancy.
First U.S. vascular plant extirpation linked to sea level rise? Pilosocereus millspaughii (Cactaceae) in the Florida Keys, U.S.A.
Authors: Possley Jennifer , Lange James J. , Franck Alan R. , Gann George D. , Wilson Trudy , Kolterman Susan , Duquesnel Janice , O’Brien Joseph
Published: July 2024

The global biodiversity crisis affects species across all continents and taxonomic groups. Direct destruction of species and habitats has been a primary driver of declines, though climate change and associated sea level rise are expected to accelerate loss. The flora of low-lying, relatively isolated islands is especially threatened when high species richness intersects with vulnerability to sea level rise. The Florida Keys represent a hotspot for cactus diversity in the eastern United States, with eight species recognized, three of which are endemic to the islands. Though not endemic to the islands, the Key Largo tree cactus (Pilosocereus millspaughii) was known in the United States from only a single population in the Florida Keys. Its decline and imminent extirpation correspond with rising sea levels in the region. The other cacti in the region, and all rare plants in the Florida Keys, are threatened with a similar fate.
Chromatographic separation of strontium in archaeological human and faunal enamel for Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) analysis v1
Authors: M. Kootker Lisette , De Coster Maura
Published: July 2024

This protocol describes in great detail all the steps that must be taken for strontium isotope analysis on archaeological dental elements, from the receipt of the samples to the deposition of the data generated by Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (TIMS).
Terrific Broth Medium v1
Authors: Sparrow is , J Burgess Steven
Published: July 2024

Tartoff, K.D. and Hobbs, C.A. (1987) Improved Media for Growing Plasmid and Cosmid Clones. Bethesda Research Laboratories Focus, 9, 12.
Determining of thermal time and base temperature during the reproductive phase of the Japanese plum in the tropical Andes
Authors: Orjuela-Angulo Mayerlin , Balaguera-Lopez Helber Enrique , Fischer Gerhard
Published: July 2024

Climate factors affect the phenological behavior of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cultivation in tropical elevation. Thermal time is more precise than chronological time for the cultivation labor program and for the estimation of crop phenological events. The objective of this study was to determine the base temperature (Tb) and thermal time for the development of the 'Horvin' plum fruit, estimating the Tb for the reproductive phenological phase of the plum. Twenty trees, consisting of ten trees per rowat two different elevations of 2,195 and 2,567 m a.s.l. (meters above sea level), in the municipality of Nuevo Colon (Colombia), were marked by locality. The appearance of each phenological stage was recorded from floral bud to harvest, estimating Tb with the minimum coefficient method of variation in function of growing degree day (GDD). The results show Tb for the phenological stages floral-anthesis with 2.84°C; anthesis-fruits set, 3.05 °C, and fruit set-harvest, 1.76°C. Therefore, this variety should be grown where there is a minimum temperature of 3.05°C during the reproductive phase. In addition, the results show that an average of 1,243.17 and 1,172.12 GDD is required to go from fruit set to fruit harvest at elevations 2,195 and 2,567 m a.s.l., respectively.
Gülümuşağı (Malatya) çevresinde yüzeyleyen Eosen (?) yaşlı bazik magmatik kayaçların petrografik ve jeokimyasal özellikleri
Authors: Sar Abdullah
Published: July 2024

Güneydoğu Anadolu Orojenik Kuşağı’nda (GAOK) Malatya ili Gülümuşağı çevresinde yüzeyleyen Eosen (?) yaşlı magmatik kayaçlar gabro ve diyorit bileşiminde olup petrografik olarak plajiyoklaz, piroksen ve amfibol minerallerinden oluşmaktadır. İnceleme konusu gabro ve diyoritler düşük-orta K karakterine sahip olup ilksel mantoya göre normalize edilmiş iz element diyagramında Rb, P, Nb ve Ti elementlerinde negatif gidişler, Sr ve Ba değerlerinde pozitif yönsemelere sahiptir. Kondrite göre normalize edilmiş iz element değişim diyagramında yataya yakın bir gidiş göstermektedir. İnceleme konusu gabro ve diyoritler hafif nadir toprak elementleri (HNTE) ve ağır nadir toprak elementleri (ANTE) arasında LaN/LuN oranları 1.31 ile 1.53 arasında değişmekte (AS17=0.53, AS20=5.35) olup zayıf-orta seviyelerde fraksiyonlaşma göstermektedir. Gabro ve diyorit türü kayaçlar pozitif Eu anomalileri göstermekte olup, EuN/Eu* değerleri (1.01-1.46) aralığında değişmektedir. Gabro ve diyoritler kısmen düşük La/Yb (0.63-6.31) ve Nb/La (0.42-0.75) oranlarına sahip olup litosferik manto/litosferik-astenosferik manto kökenine işaret etmektedir. Düşük Zr/Hf (12.6-39.3) ve Nb/Yb (0.31-3.26) oranları bu kayaçların tüketilmiş bir manto kaynağından oluştuğunu göstermektedir. Gabro ve diyoritleri oluşturan ana magmanın gelişiminde fraksiyonel kristallenmenin rolü asimilasyona göre daha fazladır. Tüm veriler ışığında, Eosen (?) yaşlı gabro ve diyoritlerin ana magmasının sığ derinlikleri temsil eden spinel içeren bir kaynaktan türediği düşünülmektedir.
PROCEDURAL NATURE OF CIVIC EDUCATION
Authors: Prytula Olexandr ,   Zaporizhzhia National University (Zaporizhzhia) Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The content and procedural nature of the implementation of civic education are analyzed. The need to direct the process of civic education to the result was revealed — the object of education should acquire civic qualities and values, which he is able to implement in social life. It has been found that the process of civic education can be effectively carried out both within educational institutions and labor groups, and through the involvement of educational facilities in various socially significant programs of a national and regional nature. The correlation of the concepts «chivalric education», «national-patriotic education», «national education» is demonstrated. It is summarized that the traditions of knightly education should be most actively reproduced in preschools, schools and universities, based on the traditions of the national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people in different periods of history. The role of extracurricular forms of patriotic education is noted. The problem of raising patriotism among the adult population has been revealed, since it is difficult to influence the formed worldview of an adult. It was found that the process of raising the defender of the Motherland must be approached comprehensively, taking into account the institutional and non-institutional mechanisms, methods and forms of work with youth existing in the state.
THE POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES REGARDING THE RUSSIAN GENOCIDE OF UKRAINIANS IN THE ХХ-ХХІ CENTURIES
Authors: Malko Victoria ,   California State University, Fresno, California, U.S.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze the evolution of the United States policy toward Ukraine vis-à-vis Russia during three presidential administrations of Woodrow Wilson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Joseph Biden, with an emphasis on the genocide of Ukrainians. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the analysis of the genocide of Ukrainians within the context of the century-old Cold War between Russia and the West using primary sources from the American military intelligence archives. Methodology. The author used historical research methodology to collect and triangulate primary and secondary sources and applied critical analysis of the content of governmental reports, archival documents, newspaper articles, and scholarly monographs. Conclusions. For the third time in history, Ukraine has become a battlefield in the geopolitical struggle between Russia and the West. While Woodrow Wilson made «the world safe for democracy», his principle of self-determination did not apply to Ukrainians; thus, Ukraine’s independence was sacrificed for the sake of «Russian unity». The consequences were the Red Terror and Lenin’s famine of 1921–1923 in Ukraine that drowned in blood its national liberation movement. Lenin’s disciple, Joseph Stalin, consolidated the totalitarian system and implemented his predecessor’s policy toward Ukraine which led to physical, biological, and cultural genocide against the largest non-Russian captive nation. Franklin D. Roosevelt’s administration not only did nothing, but also never acknowledged publicly Stalin’s crimes. American journalists along with politicians participated, albeit indirectly, in the Holodomor denial. The rehabilitation of Stalinism in Russia, revision of the past, and Holodomor denial have led to further escalation of violence on the eve of the ninetieth anniversary of the crime. President Joseph Biden called Russia’s actions in Ukraine a genocide. The next step is to draw a parallel to the Holodomor and respond to that denial by bringing the perpetrators of today’s genocide before an international tribunal to restore the rule of law and justice.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE DEFENSE STRATEGY OF THE CENTRAL NATO REGION BY THE USA AND ITS ALLIES (1949–1969)
Authors: Milkov Oleksandr ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

This article delves into the crucial issue of the formation and evolution of the defense strategy of the Central region of the Alliance from 1949 to 1968. This region, being one of the most priority areas of NATO’s defense throughout the Cold War, holds significant importance for understanding the overall defense strategy. The article aims to evaluate the North Atlantic Alliance’s defense strategy in relation to its eastern borders, trace its evolution during the first decades, and discuss the means used to increase its effectiveness. The scientific novelty of the study lies in creating a holistic picture of the evolution of NATO’s defense strategy in relation to the Central region of a certain period of the Cold War, its components, and methods of strengthening. The article’s methodological basis is general scientific (logical, synthesis, and analysis) and special historical (comparative-historical, chronological, periodization) methods. The following general scientific methods of research were used: historical analysis, comparative analysis, complex analysis, generalization, and systematization. Conclusions. Over twenty years, the defense strategy of the Central region has undergone a significant transformation. At first, in the early 1950s, it relied exclusively on conventional forces, which had the task of delaying the invasion troops at the line of enormous water obstacles. But later, at the end of the decade, the strategy evolved to rely on nuclear forces, which were supposed to cause irreparable damage to the enemy. Which, as it became known later, did not live up to expectations. This factor forced the military leadership of the Alliance to balance both components of defense and change the strategy to be able to respond to a wide range of threats, from regional crises to military invasions. These threats could be solved by a large arsenal of means, starting with conventional defense forces and ending with strategic nuclear weapons.
THE POLICY OF THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION ON THE WAR IN GAZA: CHALLENGES, PRIORITIES, TASKS
Authors: Shved Viacheslav ,   The State institution «Institute of World History of NAS of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The aim of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the foreign policy course of U.S. President J. Biden’s administration regarding the war in Gaza. The article examines the formation of principled positions by the American president and his team regarding the war in Gaza in the context of preventing the spread of hostilities to the entire region of the Middle East, the post-war fate of Gaza and the need to implement a two-state solution to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, prospects for resuming the process of normalization of relations between Israel and Arab countries. Research methods include a set of general and special research methods, including systematic and comparative analysis, methods of critical analysis of sources. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that its author was one of the first in Ukrainian historiography to make a systematic analysis of the foreign policy course of US President J. Biden’s administration regarding the war in Gaza. The study was conducted in the context of war challenges and risks and in view of the next presidential election in the United States in November 2024. Special attention is paid to introducing the latest American, Israeli and Arab sources into scientific circulation. The author concludes that there is a close relationship between the war in Gaza and the Russian aggression against Ukraine, which allowed Biden to combine these two problems into one package of actions. The author of the article also distinguishes two stages in the implementation of the policy of the US President J. Biden’s administration regarding the war in Gaza. The first stage (October – December 2023) is marked by the formation of the main principles and directions of this policy, realizing that the main condition for resolving the long-term Palestinian-Israeli conflict is the creation of an independent Palestinian state. Its second stage (January 2024 – until now) is characterized by working out the ways of radical transformation of Gaza in the post-war period, with the financial help of the Arab monarchies.
The uveitis–glaucoma–hyphema syndrome. Part 1. Pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis
Authors: Belov Dmitrii F. , Nikolaenko Vadim P. , Shuvaev Dmitrii A. , Potemkin Vitaliy V. , Khripun Kirill V. , Terekhova Irina V.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The uveitis–glaucoma–hyphema (UGH) syndrome was first described in 1978 as a complication of anterior chamber polymethyl methacrylate intraocular lenses implantation. Introduction into practice of foldable intraocular lenses with intracapsular fixation has reduced the incidence of UGH. However, this complication still occurs today, especially with extracapsular intraocular lens fixation.
AIM: The aim of this study is to describe “uveitis–glaucoma–hyphema” syndrome pathogenesis, clinical features, and diagnosis.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of medical data for 2017–2021 identified 100 patients (101 eyes) diagnosed with UGH syndrome, they made up the study group. Complaints, medical history, biomicroscopy, visual acuity and intraocular pressure were assessed. 37 patients underwent anterior segment ultrasound biomicroscopy using the Accutome UBM Plus (USA).
RESULTS: The occurrence of UGH syndrome is at least 0.19%. The leading UGH syndrome risk factor was intraocular lens material. In 49% of cases these were AcrySof hydrophobic intraocular lenses. The second UGH risk factor was extracapsular (mixed and sulcus) intraocular lens fixation, occurring, according to ultrasound biomicroscopy, in 54 and 19% of cases, respectively. The most significant diagnostic UGH sign was hyphema (93%). Ocular hypertension was detected in 66%, and uveitis in 57% of cases.
CONCLUSIONS: The main UGH syndrome manifestations are hyphema and iris transillumination after phacoemulsification complicated by posterior capsule rupture with extracapsular hydrophobic intraocular lens fixation. The most informative instrumental method to assess intraocular lens position is ultrasound biomicroscopy.
3D-Oculography: New Method of Determination of Human Gaze Point Position in Space
Authors: Arakcheyev Pavel V. , Bezdelov Valeriy L. , Buryi Evgeniy V. , Semerenko Denis A. , Shlemenkov Anton L.
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: Oculography — a method of recording movement of eyeballs of a human or animal by analyzing changes in electrical potentials recorded by two electrodes fixed on skin near the eye socket is used to solve various problems. Among them are the determination of pronounced nystagmus, of characteristic changes of oculomotor reactions in different conditions of observing video images. Of interest is the determination of the position of gaze point (GP) and of the area of increased attention in three-dimensional space. This information is associated with the cognitive system of the observer and is of interest not only to physiologists, but also to specialists of related fields. .
AIM: To experimentally prove the effectiveness of the developed method of 3D-oculography providing determination of the GP position in space.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The possibility of restoring GP position based on the analysis of recorded oculograms even in the presence of additive noise induced by the external electromagnetic fields, is proven by the numeric modeling method. Direct experimental studies were conducted with recording oculograms of a human observer on a previously verified equipment. A ZB-2 oculograph was used, the data obtained were verified by the method of average values.
RESULTS: The obtained modeling results permitted to determine the maximal values of dispersion of additive noise and amplitude shifts of signals, which make possible satisfactory restoration of the coordinates of the GP and parameters of its movement trajectory. The qualitative correspondence of the experimental results to the results of numerical modeling was proven. The correspondence between trajectories of the observed object moving in space and trajectories of GP movement synthesized from counts of recorded oculograms was confirmed.
CONCLUSION: Multichannel record of oculographic signals permits restoring parameters of the GP trajectory. Creating systems for recording these signals requires minimization of the noise level. An increase in dispersion of the noise component of the signal leads to most significant errors in calculating the coordinates of trajectory points.
Peculiarities of Frequency-Following Response in Healthy Individuals when Listening to Complex Sounds
Authors: Oknina Lyubov' B. , Slezkin Andrey A. , Vologdina Yana O. , Kantserova Anna O. , Strel'nikova Ekaterina V. , Pitskhelauri David I.
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: Studies of recent years showed that functional disorders in the brainstem may be one of factors causing inability to perceive speech by normal-hearing individuals. Frequency-following response (FFR) is an auditory evoked potential emerging in different regions of the brain in response to a sound or a change in the sound frequency. The initiation of this potential is associated with the correct processing of auditory information in the subcortical structures of the brain. However, until the moment, there is no regulatory framework that could permit use of this potential in routine examinations.
AIM: To identify and analyze the peculiarities of FFR in healthy adult individuals when listening to a complex sound.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 29 healthy subjects aged from 18 to 48 years (mean age 28 ± 10 years). Electrical activity of the brain was recorded from 32 electrodes. Sampling frequency 2000 Hz, transmission frequency 0.1 Hz–500 Hz. The stimulus was a 30-s sound that included simple sounds of five different frequencies (600 Hz, 800 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 4000 Hz) changing in a random order every 100 ms. FFR was isolated in each frequency change in the complex sound. The resulting FFR included two peaks, for each amplitude, latency, and dipole sources were calculated.
RESULTS: FFR was obtained in all the subjects and included two peaks. In some subjects, FFR peaks had a statistically higher amplitude and lower latency. In subjects with a higher amplitude FFR peaks, three dipoles were identified for the first peak: in the brainstem and in the cortex of the right hemisphere (Brodmann areas 6 and 39). For the second peak, one dipole was identified in the cortex (Brodmann area 19). In subjects with low amplitude FFR peaks, for the first peak one source in the brainstem was identified. For the second peak, two dipoles were identified: in the posterior cingulate cortex (Brodmann area 23) and in the medial thalamus.
CONCLUSION: The data obtained suggest that the method of recording and analyzing FFR can be used to assess the functional integrity and correct participation of the midbrain in the perception of auditory stimuli. The peculiarities of amplitude-time parameters of its peaks probably reflect the individual ability to finely differentiate stimuli.