bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PPEs From Nigerian Academia: Flattening The COVID-19 Curve With 3D Printing And Locally Sourced Intervention
Authors: Folarin Royhaan , Chagas Andre , Bukar Mahmoud , Akinbo Abisola , Runsewe-Abiodun Tamra , Ogundahunsi Omobola , Adedeji Ahmed
Published: July 2021

Background:Personal protective equipment (PPE) supply shortages were a big issue in the fight against COVID-19 around the world at the onset of the pandemic, requiring all communities to find innovative ways to make and supply PPE for health workers, vulnerable people and the general public. To this end and in line with the WHO’s call for 40% raise in PPE production across the world, we sought to alleviate the PPE shortage and to support our local communities using 3D printing (additive manufacturing) and free and open-source hardware (FOSH). Methods:Utilising a 3D printer and off-the-shelf components, reusable face shields and face masks were produced based on open source designs. Off-the-shelf components included transparent polyvinyl chloride (PVC) visor, ribbon tapings and elastic bands for the face shields, as well as cushioning pads (clothed foams) and filters (sensitive tissues) for the face masks. Hygienic measures employed during fabrication included the assembly following safety protocols, disinfection of products with ultraviolet bactericidal lamps, ensuring hygiene during collection and distribution. Users’ real-life experience and feedback were utilised to modify and improve on quality and adaptability of the designs.Results:In a period of three months, over 400 reusable 3D-printed face shields and face masks were produced by a team of academics, for health practitioners, other professionals and people across the Olabisi Onabanjo University community and other cities within Ogun and Lagos states. Conclusions:More awareness is generally required on the potentials of 3D printing and FOSH in the global south, particularly in universities and research institutions where innovative alternatives to expensive equipment remain vital. Our feat corroborated and advocated these potentials in a low-income setting like Nigeria, where the immediate response and synergy between academics, and researchers yielded a substantial number of PPE to front line workers, in a timely manner at the peak of the viral transmission and lockdowns- a period wherein manufacturers of PPEs struggled to establish their commercial logistics. We emphasize the need for university managements to support academics and researchers strongly to deliver on much needed community support in crises time, and encourage governmental and non-governmental bodies to consider investing in this innovative self-reliant perspective through their research funding and managemnt programmes in a bid to achieving a lot more with the less funds.Trial registration:Not applicable.
Predicting sleep quality from brain white matter volume: A voxel-based morphometry study
Authors: Bai Youling , Zhang Li , Liu Chengwei , Cui Xiaobing , Dan Li , Yin Huazhan
Published: July 2021

Most previous studies have explored the relationship between gray matter volume and sleep quality, but little is known about the relationship between white matter volume and sleep quality. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and voxel-based morphometry among 352 healthy college students. Results showed that the global PSQI score was negatively associated with the white matter volume, including in the right middle occipital gyrus, the left superior temporal gyrus, the right the precentral gyrus, the left supramarginal gyrus, the left middle frontal gyrus, the left precunes, and the right superior frontal gyrus. Results also indicated that the white matter volume in specific regions negatively predicted the factor of PSQI. These specific brain regions may be replicated in brain areas related to sleep quality. In summary, we suggested that an investigation of white matter structural alterations in the specific regions might be beneficial to tackle underlying neurological mechanisms of sleep quality.
E-Commerce Combined with Enterprise Management using Cloud Computing for Business Sector
Authors: Qi Xiaotian , Joghee Shanmugan , Mohammed Abdul Salam
Published: July 2021

In the techno world of today, with the rapid advancement of new economic construction, a diversity of information expertise is emerging. Through implementing the advanced cloud computing business model, enterprises have resolved the problems with the shortage of capital, workforce, and technology, which are vital in e-commerce operations to handle the conflict with the e-commerce undertakings of enterprises and the scarcity of resources. Cloud computing can play a critical role in increasing business processes through e-commerce applications, leading to higher financial value for enterprises. Hence, in this paper, Cloud Computing assisted Enterprise Resource Planning (CCAERP) has been proposed to base on an e-commerce application for enterprise management. Currently, most internal e-commerce systems and ERP systems are relatively autonomous. Nevertheless, a single method of operating proved capable of satisfying the requirements of business growth with growing fierce market competition. Effective enterprise resource planning and e-commerce convergence have been one of the subjects of business growth in the new era. This paper first analyzes the relationship between Enterprise Resource Planning and e-commerce and then examines and explores the incorporation requirements and feasibility of the enterprise.
Genetic Mapping of Adult-Plant Resistance Genes to Powdery Mildew in Triticale
Authors: Dyda Mateusz Maksymilian , Tyrka Mirosław , Gołębiowska Gabriela , Rapacz Marcin , Wędzony Maria
Published: July 2021

Triticale is a cereal of high economic importance, however along with the increase in the area of this cereal, it is more often infected by the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis, which causes powdery mildew. The rapid development of molecular biology techniques, in particular methods based on molecular markers may be an important tool used in modern plant breeding. Development of genetic maps, location of the QTLs defining the region of the genome associated with resistance and selection of markers linked to particular trait can be used to select resistant genotypes as well as to pyramidize several resistance genes in one variety. In this paper we present a new, high-density genetic map of triticale doubled haploids (DH) population ‘Grenado’ x ‘Zorro’ composed of DArT, silicoDArT and SNP markers. Composite interval mapping method was used to detect eight QTL regions associated with the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and 15 regions with the average value of powdery mildew infection (avPM) based on observation conducted in 3-year period in three different locations across the Poland. Two regions on rye chromosome 4R, and single loci on 5R and 6R were reported for the first time as regions associated with powdery mildew resistance. Among all QTLs, 14 candidate genes were identified coded cyclin-dependent kinase, serine/threonine-protein kinase-like protein as well as AMEIOTIC 1 homolog DYAD-like protein, DETOXIFICATION 16-like protein and putative disease resistance protein RGA3. Three of identified candidate genes were found among newly described QTL regions associated with powdery mildew resistance in triticale.
Role of Acquired Von Willebrand Syndrome in Patients Treated Using Impella RP® Devices: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Oezkur Mehmet , Reda Sara , Rühl Heiko , Theuerkauf Nils , Kreyer Stefan , Duerr Daniel , Charitos Efstratios , Silaschi Miriam , Medina Marta , Zimmer Sebastian , Putensen Christian , Treede Hendrik
Published: July 2021

Background: Axial flow pumps are standard treatment in cases of cardiogenic shock and high-risk interventions in cardiology and cardiac surgery, although the optimal anticoagulation strategy remains unclear. We evaluated whether laboratory findings could predict bleeding complications and acquired von Willebrand syndrome (avWS) among patients who were treated using axial flow pumps.Methods and Results: We retrospectively evaluated 60 consecutive patients who received Impella® devices (Impella® RP: n=20, Impella® CP/5.0: n=40; Abiomed Inc., Danvers, USA) between January 2019 and December 2020. Thirty-two patients (53.3%) experienced major or fatal bleeding complications (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium score of >3) despite intravenous heparin being used to maintain normal activated partial thromboplastin times (40–50 s). Extensive testing was performed for 28 patients with bleeding complications (87.5%). Relative to patients with left ventricular support, patients with right ventricular support were less likely to develop avWS (87.5% vs. 58.8%, p=0.035). Bleeding was significantly associated with avWS (odds ratio [OR]: 20.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.3–128.5; p=0.001) and treatment duration (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.09–1.55; p=0.003). Patients with avWS had longer Impella® treatment than patients without avWS (2 days [1–4.7 days] vs. 7.3 days [3.2–13.0 days]). Conclusions: Anticoagulation monitoring based on aPTT was not sufficient to prevent bleeding complications during axial flow pump support. A more targeted anticoagulation monitoring is needed for patients who receive Impella® devices.
A Comparative Study of Water Quality and Trophic State Contribution on Natural and Artificial Lakes Global Warming Potential
Authors: Samiotis Georgios , Mavromatidou Charoula , Ziagova Maria , Trikilidou Eleni , Amanatidou Elisavet
Published: July 2021

Natural lakes and reservoirs are emitters of GHGs in the atmosphere contributing to 31% of the annual CO2 emissions of those from fossil fuel combustion. Measurements of GHGs emissions in reservoirs demonstrate that hydropower may actually not be as “green” as once thought. It is estimated that emissions from reservoirs may be equivalent to 7% of the global warming potential (GWP) of other documented anthropogenic emissions. Aim of this work is to assess the impact of water quality deterioration and the subsequent increment of biological productivity of a waterbody on GHGs emissions. Therefore, the trophic state, the carbonic GHGs emissions and the GWP of one natural lake domestic wastewater receiver and two different age hydroelectric reservoirs, located in North West Greece, were studied. Gross emissions of CO2 and CH4 were in-situ measured using a static floating chamber and specific emissions as well as GWP were calculated. Furthermore, water quality and trophic state were evaluated based on the application of ΥΔΩΡ (hydõr) Water Quality Index and Florida Trophic State Index using physicochemical characteristics measurements. Data statistical interpretation revealed that CH4 has strong positive correlation with GWP, temperature, water quality and trophic state. There is a seasonal variation of GWP that follows the seasonal variation of CH4 emissions induced by water temperature. Specific CH4 emission rate presents the most reliable indicator for assessing the impact of a waterbody in terms of GWP, especially of a hypertrophic one. Water quality and trophic state indices can be used for a rough comparison of GWP between waterbodies with the same climatic conditions.
Zinc Complex of 3,5-di-tert-butyl Salicylate Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Chen Heng , Wang Dong , Fan Limei , Zhang Weiran , Xu Jinhua , Liu Yunyi
Published: July 2021

Zinc complex of 3,5-di-tert-butyl salicylate (Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22-) is a zinc ion chelate of salicylate. In this study, we found that it inhibits the proliferation, invasion, migration and induce apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer 4T1 cells. The results of RNA-seq showed that expression of 17 genes was up-regulated and 26 genes was down-regulated significantly by Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22- treatment. Further GO analysis and KEGG analysis showed that the activity of Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22- against triple-negative breast cancer cells may be involved JAK-STAT3, HIF-1, and TNF signaling pathways. The expression of key genes was verified by RT-PCR. The phosphorylation of STAT3 and its upstream SRC decreased drastically upon Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22- treatment as analyzed by western blot. Our results indicate that Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22- inhibits the activity of TNBC cells by down-regulating STAT3 signaling pathway.
Adrenal Insufficiency in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: de Almeida Carlos Augusto Pereira , Guimarães Marilia Rodovalho , de Oliveira Márcia Fernanda Arantes , Seabra Victor , Smolentzov Igor , Reichert Bernardo Vergara , Lins Paulo Ricardo Gessolo , Rodrigues Camila Eleutério , Andrade Lucia Conceição
Published: July 2021

Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which can result in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused an unprecedented global pandemic. The epicenter of that pandemic in Latin America was Brazil, where more than 500,000 deaths have been attributed to COVID-19.
Genetic Dissection of Drought Resistance of Common Bean at the Seedling Stage by Genome-wide Association Study
Authors: Wu Lei , Chang Yujie , Wang Lanfen , Wang Shumin , Wu Jing
Published: July 2021

A variety of adverse conditions, including drought stress, severely affect common bean production. Molecular breeding for drought resistance has been proposed as an effective and practical way to improve the drought resistance of common bean. A genome-wide association analysis was conducted to identify drought-related loci based on survival rates at the seedling stage using a natural population consisting of 400 common bean accessions and 3832340 SNPs. The coefficient of variation ranged from 40.90% to 56.22% for survival rates in three independent experiments. A total of 12 associated loci containing 89 significant SNPs were identified for survival rates at the seedling stage. Four loci overlapped in the region of the QTLs reported to be associated with drought resistance. According to the expression profiles, gene annotations and references of the functions of homologous genes in Arabidopsis, 39 genes were considered potential candidate genes selected from 199 genes annotated within all associated loci. A stable locus (Locus_10) was identified on chromosome 11, which contained LEA, aquaporin, and proline-rich protein genes. We further confirmed the drought-related function of an aquaporin (PvXIP1;2) located at Locus_10 by expression pattern analysis, phenotypic analysis of PvXIP1;2-overexpressing Arabidopsis and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root transformation systems, indicating that the association results can facilitate the efficient identification of genes related to drought resistance. These loci and their candidate genes provide a foundation for crop improvement via breeding for drought resistance in common bean.
Investigating the impact of COVID-19 on performance and image enhancing drug use
Authors: Dunn Matthew , Piatkowski Timothy
Published: July 2021

Background
Emerging research has suggested that the COVID-19 pandemic has had some impact on substance use patterns. The aim of the study was to conduct a rapid survey to assess the impact of COVID-19 on performance and image enhancing drug (PIED) use and training, and any subsequent negative physical or mental health outcomes.
Methods
During 2020, a convenience sample of 60 PIED consumers (mean age = 26.69; 68.3% located outside Australia) completed a quantitative anonymous online survey exploring how the coronavirus pandemic impacted patterns of PIED use and associated exercise habits. The survey was administered via the Qualtrics platform and distributed online through PIED forums as well as through the investigator's networks. Participants were asked about their PIED use and exercise habits prior to and during restricted movement ‘lockdowns’.
Results
Pre-COVID, the majority of the sample opted to ‘blast-cruise’ (an initial high dose, followed by a lower maintenance dose; 71.7%, n = 43). During lockdown, (45%, n = 27) reported a change in PIED use as a result of the restrictions. In light of health concerns during COVID-19, a majority of men (60%, n = 36) did not take any extra precautions relating to their PIED use. A subgroup of men ceased using PIEDs completely (16.7%, n = 10) with the majority (80%, n = 8) of that subgroup following post-cycle therapy (PCT) of some kind.
Conclusions
This study contributes to the emerging literature of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on substance use, specifically PIED use among men. The results suggest that the pandemic did influence the choice of PIEDs that participants consumed, although there was little disruption to patterns of exercise, an important aspect of PIED use. Of the men who did cease use completely, the majority reported little issue with PCT access; those who reported difficulty accessing PCT compounds indicated experience some mental health concerns related to ceasing their PIED use. Clinicians and those who come into contact with this group should be alert for any negative physical or mental health concerns resulting from disrupted or ceased PIED use.
Attempt to Describe Phase Slips by Means of an Adiabatic Approximation
Authors: Berger Jorge
Published: July 2021

As a plausibility test for the feasibility of extension of the quasiclassical Keldysh–Usadel technique to slowly varying situations, we assess the influence of the time-derivative term in the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equation. We consider cases in which the superconducting state in a nanowire varies slowly, either because the voltage applied on it is small, or because most of phase drift takes place next to the boundaries. An approximation without this time derivative can describe the superconducting state away from phase slips, but is unable to predict the value or the existence of a critical voltage at which evolution becomes non-stationary.
Description of Paenibacillus albicerus sp. nov. and Niallia alba sp. nov., isolated from digestive syrup.
Authors: Thorat Vipool , Kirdat Kiran , Tiwarekar Bhavesh , Dhanavade Priyanka , Karodi Prachi , Shouche Yogesh , Sathe Shivaji , Lodha Tushar , Yadav Amit
Published: July 2021

Two aerobic, Gram-stain variable, catalase and oxidase-positive, spore-forming, motile rods of strain UniB2T and UniB3T, were isolated from digestive syrup containing fungal diastase (10 mg/ml), pepsin (2 mg/ml) and sugar base containing polyethene glycol. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain UniB2T has the highest sequence similarity with Paenibacillus humicus NBRC 102415T (98.30 %) and strain UniB3T showed the highest sequence similarity with Niallia circulans DSM 11T (98.95 %). The DNA G+C content of UniB2T was 63.74 mol %. The dDDH and ANI values between the strain UniB2T and its phylogenetically close relative were <38.3 % and <89.55 %, respectively. The major fatty acids of the strain UniB2T were C16:00 (13.9 %), C15:0 anteiso (39.7 %), C17:0 anteiso (15.5 %). The DNA G+C content of UniB3T was 35.6 mol%. The dDDH and ANI values between the strain UniB3T and its close relatives were <29.1 % and 84.62%, respectively. The major fatty acids of strain UniB3T were C16:0 (13.54 %), C15:0 anteiso (40.09 %) and C17:0 anteiso (16.03 %). Major polar lipids for both strains were Diphosphotidylglycerol and Phosphatidylethanolamine. Additionally, both the strains showed unique carbon utilization and assimilation pattern that differentiated them from their phylogenetically related neighbours. These phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic characters indicated the strains UniB2T and UniB3T represent two novel species for which the names Paenibacillus albicerus sp. nov. (Type strain UniB2T =MCC 3997T =KCTC 43095T =JCM34513T) and Niallia alba sp. nov. (Type strain UniB3T = MCC 3998T =KCTC 43235T =JCM 34492T) are proposed.
Class-II dihydroorotate dehydrogenases from three phylogenetically distant fungi support anaerobic pyrimidine biosynthesis
Authors: Bouwknegt Jonna , Koster Charlotte C. , Vos Aurin M. , Ortiz-Merino Raúl A. , Wassink Mats , Luttik Marijke A. H. , Broek Marcel van den , Hagedoorn Peter L. , Pronk Jack T.
Published: July 2021

Background
In most fungi, quinone-dependent Class-II dihydroorotate dehydrogenases (DHODs) are essential for pyrimidine biosynthesis. Coupling of these Class-II DHODHs to mitochondrial respiration makes their in vivo activity dependent on oxygen availability. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and closely related yeast species harbor a cytosolic Class-I DHOD (Ura1) that uses fumarate as electron acceptor and thereby enables anaerobic pyrimidine synthesis. Here, we investigate DHODs from three fungi (the Neocallimastigomycete Anaeromyces robustus and the yeasts Schizosaccharomyces japonicus and Dekkera bruxellensis) that can grow anaerobically but, based on genome analysis, only harbor a Class-II DHOD.
Results
Heterologous expression of putative Class-II DHOD-encoding genes from fungi capable of anaerobic, pyrimidine-prototrophic growth (Arura9, SjURA9, DbURA9) in an S. cerevisiae ura1Δ strain supported aerobic as well as anaerobic pyrimidine prototrophy. GFP-tagged SjUra9 and DbUra9 were localized to S. cerevisiae mitochondria, while ArUra9, whose sequence lacked a mitochondrial targeting sequence, was localized to the yeast cytosol. Experiments with cell extracts showed that ArUra9 used free FAD and FMN as electron acceptors. A strain expressing DbURA9 initially grew slowly without pyrimidine supplementation. Adapted faster growing DbURA9-expressing strains showed mutations in FUM1, which encodes fumarase. Expression of SjaUra9 in S. cerevisiae reproducibly led to loss of respiratory competence and mitochondrial DNA, which coincided with the natural respiratory deficiency of Sch. japonicus. A cysteine residue (C265 in SjUra9) in the active sites of all three anaerobically active Ura9 orthologs was shown to be essential for anaerobic activity of SjUra9 but not of ArUra9.
Conclusions
Activity of fungal Class-II DHODs was long thought to be dependent on an active respiratory chain, which in most fungi requires the presence of oxygen. By heterologous expression experiments in S. cerevisiae, this study shows that phylogenetically distant fungi independently evolved Class-II dihydroorotate dehydrogenases that enable anaerobic pyrimidine biosynthesis. Further structure-function studies are required to understand the mechanistic basis for the anaerobic activity of Class-II DHODs and an observed loss of respiratory competence in S. cerevisiae strains expressing an anaerobically active DHOD from Sch. japonicus.
Pistas diretas no tratamento de bruxismo infantil: relato de caso
Authors: Carmo Gíssia Santana , Cavalcante Joyce Ferreira Nobre , Cruz José Henrique de Araújo , Fonseca Fátima Roneiva Alves , Macena Maria Carolina Bandeira
Published: July 2021

Introdução: O bruxismo infantil é um ato inconsciente que pode estar atrelado a fatores hereditários e psicológicos, uma desordem funcional, que é caracterizada pelo típico ranger de dentes, com forças oclusais extremamente elevadas quando comparadas ao normal que são capazes de gerar, a médio e longo prazo, grandes consequências. Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico de confecção e instalação de pistas diretas planas em paciente infantil, realizado na Clínica Escola de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), com intuito de considerar a eficácia do tratamento. Relato do caso: Este estudo apresenta o caso de um paciente infantil, 10 anos, que procurou atendimento odontológico com queixa de bruxismo. Através de anamnese e exame clínico, foi possível observar a presença dessa disfunção. O tratamento proposto foi instalação de pistas diretas planas em molares inferiores. O procedimento foi iniciado a partir da moldagem anatômica com moldeiras infantis 2 e alginato tipo ll, seguido de vazamento do molde em gesso. Com modelos vazados, utilizou-se resina composta e espátula de resina para confecção das pistas, foi realizado polimento das mesmas adaptadas no modelo com pedra pomes. A instalação, foi precedida por profilaxia, ataque ácido e enxague, inserção de adesivo e fotopolimerização. As pistas foram adaptadas individualmente com auxílio de resina flow e fotoativação nos elementos 74, 75, 84, 85. Conclusão: O tratamento escolhido baseou-se em técnica bastante prática e reversível, que demonstrou grande êxito e proporcionou relaxamento muscular com consequente ausência de sintomatologia.
Caso atípico de múltiplos sialólitos no ducto da glândula submandibular
Authors: Souza Darllon Manuel Borges , Silva Janaina Soares da , Nogueira Ricardo Viana Bessa , Vasconcellos Ricardo José de Holanda , Brêda Júnior Marcus Antonio
Published: July 2021

A sialolitíase representa uma obstrução da glândula salivar pela formação de uma estrutura calcificada (sialólito) dentro dos seus ductos, ou menos frequentemente, dentro da própria glândula, o que resulta na diminuição do fluxo salivar levando à inflamação e, ocasionalmente, à uma infecção. A literatura relata que cerca de 80 a 90% deles acomete a glândula submandibular. A sialolitíase pode ocorrer em qualquer idade, sendo mais comum em adultos acima dos 40 anos, tendo uma predileção pelo gênero masculino. A presença de múltiplos sialólitos é considerada baixa, principalmente na glândula submandibular. O propósito deste trabalho é relatar o caso de um paciente de 18 anos de idade, que apresentou aumento de volume em região submandibular direita, assim como os episódios dolorosos. A palpação do percurso do ducto da submandibular foi observado um aumento de volume e a sensação tátil endurecida em assoalho bucal do mesmo lado. Com o intuito de se confirmar os achados clínicos foi solicitado uma tomografia computadorizada, na qual foram observadas quatro massas hiperdensas circulares. Os múltiplos cálculos foram removidos por meio de acesso cirúrgico sob anestesia local. O paciente apresentou uma melhoria do quadro inicial e não apresentou complicações. Desta forma o tratamento cirúrgico se mostrou eficaz para o tratamento dos múltiplos sialólitos.
Técnicas utilizadas para a realização de aparelhos protéticos mucossuportados convencionais
Authors: Mesquita Vandre Taumaturgo , Vasques Evamiris França Landim , Matias Lucas Brito , Landim Taciana França , Almeida Ronaldo Oliveira
Published: July 2021

A reabilitação protética é extremamente importante para o equilíbrio emocional e social dos pacientes edêntulos. Este tipo de reabilitação tem o objetivo de permitir o desenvolvimento satisfatório das atividades funcionais relacionadas ao sistema estomatognático, como a fonação e a mastigação, e oferecer conforto e uma aparência estética aceitável. Para alcançar sucesso no tratamento é necessário um diagnóstico e planejamento completo das fases clínicas e laboratoriais junto das expectativas do paciente. Este estudo teve como propósito revisar na literatura o embasamento científico para confecção de prótese total de forma convencional, seguindo uma sequência padronizada de todas as fases clínicas e laboratoriais, e de forma simplificada, deixando de realizar algumas etapas sem interferir no resultado, a fim de reduzir custos e tempo do tratamento. Conclui-se que, ambas as técnicas proporcionam boa qualidade e apresentam um desempenho similar em relação a mastigação e satisfação dos pacientes.
Análise da tipologia facial através do Índice Vert de Ricketts e do Índice Morfológico Facial
Authors: Macena Maria Carolina Bandeira , Fonseca Fátima Roneiva Alves , Henriques Pedro Douglas Souto , Xavier Myllena Alves , Uchôa Caio Pimenteira , Leite Anna Katarina Costa , Lemos Alexandre Durval
Published: July 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a concordância no diagnóstico da tipologia facial de pacientes em tratamento ortodôntico, através de medidas cefalométricas laterais na Análise de Ricketts e do Índice Morfológico Facial. A amostra foi constituída por 60 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, acima de 18 anos, pertencentes ao curso de pós-graduação em ortodontia das FIP (Faculdades Integradas de Patos – PB, Brasil), avaliados por meio da antropometria direta (Índice Morfológico Facial) e da antropometria indireta (Análise do Índice Vert de Ricketts). Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do coeficiente Kappa ponderado. Obteve-se uma pobre concordância entre os dois métodos na determinação do tipo facial. Concluiu-se que a antropometria direta, método consolidado como importante recurso na determinação do tipo facial a partir da altura e largura faciais, não encontrou concordância com os valores do índice Vert da Análise de Ricketts.
Optimization of protein-lipid comlex by its fatty acid and vitamin composition
Authors: Bazhenova B. A. , Burkhanova A. G. , Zabalueva Yu. Yu. , Mordovina A. A.
Published: July 2021

The polycomponent protein-lipid compositions are traditionally used in minced meat products to regulate nutritional value, functional, technological and organoleptic characteristics of the finished product. The present article presents the results of research aimed to creation of antioxidant-enriched protein-lipid complex (PLC) with the optimal ratio ω3: ω6 of PUFA. The ratio of lipid component was optimized by linear programming method, where the recommended ratio of ω-6: ω-3 of PUFA as 10: 1 was used as term of limitation. In result of calculations the fatty component was obtained by blending of rendered beef fat with soybean oil and sunflower oil in the following ratio: rendered beef fat — 73%, sunflower oil — 15%, soybean oil — 12%. After that the PLC formulation was optimized by research of influence of the introduced protein complex in amount from 4% to 10% and the fatty component in amount from 40% to 43% on index of shear stress of the PLC. The introduced amount of protein, fat and water is taken in ratio 1:(4–7):(4–7) commonly used in the meat processing industry to form the functional and technological characteristics of the minced meat. In result of experiments the following PLC formulation was adopted, which provides the necessary stable consistency of the mixture: protein complex — 9%, fatty component — 42%, water — 49%. To enrich meat products with vitamins and antioxidants it is proposed to include into PLC an extract obtained with microwave field 800 W from the Daurian rosehips which grows in the Far East region. The obtained PLC has a high water-retaining capacity; it remains stable while heating and it can be stored for five days without any visible signs of deterioration, as the peroxide value remains within the permissible limits. PLC features optimal ratio of ω-6: ω-3 of PUFA, equal to 10:1, and a high value of the total antioxidants equal to 5.4 mg/g.
Helvine-danalite mineralogy of the Dulong Sn-Zn polymetallic deposit in southeast Yunnan, China
Authors: Liu Shiyu , Liu Yuping , Ye Lin , Wei Chen , Chen Weihong
Published: July 2021

Southeastern (SE) Yunnan is a major Sn polymetallic province of China, with the Dulong large Sn-Zn polymetallic deposit (in the Laojunshan orefield) being one of the most representative deposits. Our recent work had first identified helvine-group minerals in this deposit. These minerals mainly occur in massive sphalerite ores, and coexist with sphalerite, pyrrhotite, biotite, talc, cassiterite, and fluorite. Raman spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) analyses indicate that these helvine-group minerals are oscillatory-zoned helvine-danalite. Both the helvine and danalite zones are mixed with varying proportion of the other helvine-group end-member, and our studies indicate that the oscillatory zoning was formed mainly by periodic fluctuations of the fluid physicochemical conditions (notably fS2 and fO2), but less related to the variation of the fluid Mn, Fe, and Zn contents. The helvine zone was likely formed in a higher fS2 but lower fO2 environment than the danalite zone. In this study, we present the first LA-ICP-MS in situ trace element data for the helvine-danalite minerals from Dulong, and the results indicate that the helvine has considerably high contents and a wide range of trace elements. The helvine is rich in Ca, Al, Sc, and Y, while the danalite is rich in Sn and P (reaching thousands of parts per million). Such trace element enrichments are likely controlled by their respective ionic size and chalcophile behavior.

Meanwhile, the fO2 and fS2 conditions during the zoning formation may have also influenced the trace element distributions: trace elements may have mainly entered the helvine-group minerals by substituting into the M-sites in M4[BeSiO4]3S, for instance Al, Sc, and Y substitute for Mn, and Sn and Mg for Fe and Zn. It is noteworthy that the helvine and danalite zones are all HREE-enriched and have distinct negative Eu anomalies. This may be related to the high fluid F-Y-P contents during the mineral formation. High-F-Y fluids can readily incorporate HREEs into helvine-group minerals, and phosphates incorporate HREEs more readily in alkali fluids. Europium occurs as Eu2+ in the fluid, causing the negative Eu anomalies observed. We have also identified grains of cassiterite in the helvine-group minerals and its coexisting sphalerite. U-Pb dating on these cassiterite grains yielded 86.5 ± 1.6 Ma, coeval with the reported sulfide mineralization age. This indicates that both the Be and Sn-Zn polymetallic mineralization occurred in the Cretaceous, and may have been products of the Late Yanshanian Laojunshan magmatic-hydrothermal activity. Considering the close relations with many W(-Be) deposits nearby (e.g., Nanyangtian, Saxi, and Maka), the Laojunshan orefield may also have substantial Be mineralization potential.
A cotunnite-type new high-pressure phase of Fe2S
Authors: Oka Kenta , Tateno Shigehiko , Kuwayama Yasuhiro , Hirose Kei , Nakajima Yoichi , Umemoto Koihiro , Tsujino Noriyoshi , Kawaguchi Saori I.
Published: July 2021

We examined pressure-induced phase transitions in Fe2S based on high-pressure and high-temperature X-ray diffraction measurements in a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell. Fe2S is not stable at ambient pressure but is known to form above 21 GPa with the Fe2P-type (C22) structure. Our experiments demonstrate a novel phase transition in Fe2S from the C22 to C23 phase with the Co2P-type cotunnite structure above ~30 GPa. The experiments also reveal a transformation from the C23 to C37 (Co2Si-type) phase above ~130 GPa. While the C23 and C37 structures exhibit the same crystal-lographic symmetry (orthorhombic Pnma), the coordination number of sulfur increases from nine in C23 to ten in C37. Such a sequence of pressure-induced phase transitions in Fe2S, C22 → C23 → C37, are similar to those of Fe2P, while they are not known in oxides and halogens that often adopt the C23 cotunnite-type structure. The newly found cotunnite-type Fe2S phase could be present in solid iron cores of planets, including Mars.
The academic anxiety of students in pandemic era
Authors: Nihayah Ulin , Sadnawi Ahmad Shofwan Ats-Tsauri , Naillaturrafidah Nuha
Published: July 2021

Purpose -  The purpose of this study was to describe the problems of academic anxiety that occur in college students as a result of the COVID pandemic that occurs and alternative solutions to overcome them in the perspective of counseling guidance.Method - The research method used was descriptive quantitative, where the author conducts a survey to students who experience academic anxiety during the pandemic. The sample of the study consisted of 28 students from 9 universitiesResult - The results of the research conducted are that the psychological anxiety disorders due to online lectures related to the influence of online lectures on student sleep patterns as much as 32.1%, 17.9% have difficulty sleeping, and 11.1% wake up sluggish. In addition, there are anxiety disorders due to online lectures that have a physical impact on the condition marked by 42.9% feeling lethargic and unmotivated, 14.3% achy, 28.6% eye strain, 14.8%, so it has an impact on mastery of the material with the result that 82.1% can absurb master the material, and the rest did not master the material.Implications – This study can be used to improve the problems of academic anxiety that occur in college students as a result of the COVID pandemic.Originality - This research is the study analysis student academic-anxiety in dealing with online lectures by using the analysis of counseling guidance.***Tujuan - Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan permasalahan academic anxiety yang terjadi pada mahasiswa akibat pandemi COVID yang terjadi dan alternatif solusi untuk mengatasinya dalam perspektif bimbingan konseling.Metode - Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, dimana penulis melakukan survey kepada mahasiswa yang mengalami academic anxiety selama masa pandemi. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 28 mahasiswa dari 9 universitas.Hasil - Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gangguan kecemasan psikologis akibat kuliah online terkait pengaruh kuliah online terhadap pola tidur mahasiswa sebanyak 32,1%, sulit tidur 17,9%, dan bangun lamban 11,1%. Selain itu terdapat gangguan kecemasan akibat kuliah online yang berdampak pada kondisi fisik yang ditandai dengan 42,9% merasa lesu dan tidak bersemangat, 14,3% pegal, 28,6% mata tegang, 14,8% sehingga berdampak pada penguasaan materi. dengan hasil 82,1% dapat menguasai materi, dan sisanya tidak menguasai materi.Implikasi - Penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki masalah kecemasan akademik yang terjadi pada mahasiswa akibat pandemi COVID.Originalitas - Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analisis kecemasan akademik mahasiswa dalam menghadapi perkuliahan online dengan menggunakan analisis bimbingan konseling.
Oil Price Shocks and Stock Market Performance: A comparison between Oil Exporting and Oil Importing Nations
Authors:   Zeeshan Atiq, Farhan Muhammad , Zaidi Syed Shahid Zaheer
Published: July 2021

The paper explores the impact of shocks in oil prices on the stock market for the oil importing and exporting nations. As Pakistan is heavily dependent on imports of oil therefore, we focus on Pakistan as an oil importing nation and have taken Iran, as an oil exporting nation because, it is considered to be among top ten nations of the world that exports oil. Various studies in Pakistan have investigates the relationship between shocks in prices of oil and return on the stock but none of the study has examined the association between shocks in oil prices and return on the stock market by comparing Pakistan and Iran as an oil importer and exporter nations of the world. This study has employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag model to find out the relationship between dependent and independent variables. We have taken prices of oil as an independent variable, whereas, stock price has been taken as a dependent variable. On the other hand, rate of exchange and rate of interest are the other independent variables. The results of this study and bound test reveals a long run association between prices of oil and the stock return for both nations. It has been indicated in the results that high oil prices have an adverse impact on market of stock for an oil importing nation (i.e., Pakistan) and have positively impacted on Iran which is an oil exporter nation. The results confirm that oil price shock contributed towards positively affecting the market of stock of an oil exporter nation but negatively affected the stock market if an oil importing nation. The author recommended the investors of both nations to evaluate various alternatives to diversify portfolios of their stock market by utilizing other financial assets.
Readable Labels and Moderating Effect of Individual Personality Traits Effect on Consumer Healthy Packaged Food Selection Intention
Authors: Zafar Muhammad Zeeshan , Hashim Noor Azmi , Halim Fairol Bin , Masud Shahjahan
Published: July 2021

It is a common notion that front of pack label guide individual for the selection of healthy and right amount of packaged food. The inconsistent results found in past studies. In continuation with current study proposed a model which is underpinned with theory of planned behavior. The proposed model comprised of factors affecting individual attitude to read food label at point of purchase like traffic lights efficacy, health claim efficacy and user friendly label efficacy, whereas direct impact of subjective norm and self-efficacy was also investigated. Moreover, the personality traits were investigated as moderator. The data collected from three renowned retail outlet of Pakistan named; Al-Fatah, Hyperstar and Metro Cash and Carry. For the in depth study mixed method was used. Therefore, for quantitative date the cross-sectional data was collected with convenience sampling technique using adapted questionnaire whereas for qualitative analysis unstructured questions used for detail interview. The sample size for quantitative analysis was 1146 and for qualitative data 32 interviews were conducted. The results revealed that user friendly label efficacy and health statement efficacy insignificant effect in direct relation whereas full mediation observed with label reading attitude. In contrary to that traffic lights label efficacy has insignificant effect in both direct and indirect relation. Subjective norm and self-efficacy have significant impact on individual intention for healthy food selection. In addition to only two personality traits like; agreeableness and conscientiousness moderated between label reading attitude and intention. The current study implies that consumer education regarding nutrients is necessary.
Application of red edge band in remote sensing extraction of surface water body: a case study based on GF-6 WFV data in arid area
Authors: Lu Zhao , Wang Daqing , Deng Zhengdong , Shi Yue , Ding Zhibin , Ning Hao , Zhao Hongfei , Zhao Jiazheng , Xu Haoli , Zhao Xiaoning
Published: July 2021

This paper mainly researches the application method of red edge band in water body remote sensing extraction. Gaofen-6 (GF-6) WFV data were chosen for the high spatial resolution, more bands, and wide width. Two new methods were proposed: the single-band threshold method based on the red edge 2 band and the decision tree model method based on the combined operation of the green band, red band, near infrared band, red edge 1 band, and red edge 2 band. Four traditional methods were used for comparing the extraction accuracy. Two study areas with different characteristics were chosen to analyze the reliability of the proposed method, one mountainous and one urban region, both located in Minqin, Gansu, China, which is a typical arid area. The results showed that the two red edge bands of the GF-6 WFV data can be utilized to extract water body information. Kappa coefficients extracted from the single-band threshold method based on the red edge 2 band in water bodies in mountainous and urban areas reached 96.18% and 93.21%, respectively. The decision tree method has the best extraction effect. Kappa coefficients of this method in mountain and urban water bodies were 97.73% and 94.41%, respectively.
Evaluation of Yangon city tap water quality and the efficacy of household treatment
Authors: Ko Shane Htet , Sakai Hiroshi
Published: July 2021

Yangon was one of the first cities in Asia to establish a tap water system. However, the city's water supply infrastructure now lags far behind those of other regions as a consequence of political instability over the last six decades. The installation of disinfection facilities in the tap water system and the enactment of the Myanmar National Drinking Water Quality Standard (MNDWQS) were accomplished only recently during the short period of democratic government. Due to the lack of reliable published information, the suitability of the tap water for drinking remains unclear to city residents. The quality of tap water and bottled water in the central business district was examined to assess compliance with the MNDWQS. The results showed that 95% of tap water delivered to homes was contaminated with Escherichia coli or coliform bacteria. Only 14% of bottled water was free of E. coli and coliform contamination. The efficacy of household treatment devices was tested, and ceramic purifiers (CPs) and reverse osmosis (RO) devices were found to be highly (>99%) effective for E. coli elimination. RO devices performed better in terms of dissolved organic carbon reduction at 60% compared with 43% reduction with CPs.
Study on the coordinated development of urbanization and water resources utilization efficiency in China
Authors: Wang S. Y. , Chen W. M. , Wang R. , Zhao T.
Published: July 2021

This paper uses the Lotka-Volterra model to illustrate the synergistic relationship between urbanization and water resources utilization efficiency. Combined with a multi-choice goal programming model, the ideal cooperation coefficient between urbanization and water resources utilization efficiency in each provincial region was calculated under the condition of a coordination equilibrium. The results show that the urbanization level of China's provincial regions is uneven. The urbanization level of the eastern coastal developed areas is the highest, followed by the central area, and the western area is the lowest. Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Beijing and Shandong are at a high level of urbanization. The total factor productivity (tfp) of two-thirds of the provincial regions changed to be >1. During the observation period, water use efficiency of most provinces in China improved. The distribution characteristics of urbanization level and water resources utilization efficiency are not consistent. There is no mutually beneficial relationship between urbanization and water resources utilization in most provincial regions. In a few areas, there is a partial benefit cooperation relationship between them. There is a mutually beneficial relationship in a few regions but the level of coordination in the provincial Chinese mainland is relatively low, and needs to be improved.
A laboratory study of the effect of asymmetric-lattice collar shape and placement on scour depth and flow pattern around a bridge pier
Authors: Raeisi Narges , Ghomeshi Mehdi
Published: July 2021

In this study, the effect of collar shape and alignment on reducing scour depth at the front part of a bridge pier, under clear water conditions, was investigated to determine changes in the flow pattern around the structure. Collars were examined in two asymmetrical shapes with dimensions of and at three levels of installation relative to the bed: at bed level itself, and at 1 and 2 cm above the bed. The results revealed that the presence of the collar not only reduced the ultimate scouring depth but also delayed the formation of the scouring hole. This impact was observed to be greater as the size of the collar increased. In addition, lowering the alignment of the collars can lead to their better performance and efficiency in the cost of the design. Therefore, collars installed on the bed surface indicated good performance in controlling scour. On the other hand, once the flow characteristics around the bridge pier with and without collar were examined, it was determined that affecting the downstream flow reduces the strength of the vortices and changes the reciprocating behavior and the displacement of the vortices.