bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low-hysteresis, pressure-insensitive, and transparent capacitive strain sensor for human activity monitoring
Authors: Wang Xiaoyi , Deng Yang , Jiang Peng , Chen Xingru , Yu Hongyu
Published: October 2022

Wearable strain sensors have been widely used for human activity monitoring. Most reported strain sensors have mainly focused on material engineering, high stretchability and large gauge factors. Few works have focused on strain sensor’s robustness and reliability, including low hysteresis, good long-term stability, good electrode material stability, and low coupling effects under multi-input signals, which are the factors that limit practical strain sensor applications. To develop a high-performance strain sensor, we propose a flexible capacitive sensor structure with three-dimensional (3D) interdigital electrodes fabricated by vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. Compared with a traditional resistive strain sensor and a capacitive strain sensor with vertical sandwich electrodes, a strain sensor with horizontal parallel interdigital electrodes can benefit from low cross talk in terms of the normal force and improve substrate transparency. Additionally, embedding 3D electrodes into the substrate improves ultrahigh robustness with a low-pressure coupling effect under normal force. Moreover, compared with other reported works, the electrode variation under strain is small (less than 1.6%), which means that the perturbation of inert properties on device performance is small. Finally, the fabricated strain sensor achieves an ultralow hysteresis (0.35%), excellent pressure-insensitive performance (less than 0.8%), fast response (60 ms), good long-term stability, and good transparency. As an application example, a flexible strain sensor was successfully demonstrated as a wearable device for the precise monitoring of different types of human activities, including bending of the finger, knee, elbow, wrist, and neck with large strain signals and small strain signals generated by a mouth-opening activity. This excellent performance indicates that the flexible strain sensor is a promising candidate for human motion detection, soft robotics, and medical care.
Distribution of fitness effects of cross-species transformation reveals potential for fast adaptive evolution
Authors: Rathmann Isabel , Förster Mona , Yüksel Melih , Horst Lucas , Petrungaro Gabriela , Bollenbach Tobias , Maier Berenike
Published: October 2022

Bacterial transformation, a common mechanism of horizontal gene transfer, can speed up adaptive evolution. How its costs and benefits depend on the growth environment is poorly understood. Here, we characterize the distributions of fitness effects (DFE) of transformation in different conditions and test whether they predict in which condition transformation is beneficial. To determine the DFEs, we generate hybrid libraries between the recipient Bacillus subtilis and different donor species and measure the selection coefficient of each hybrid strain. In complex medium, the donor Bacillus vallismortis confers larger fitness effects than the more closely related donor Bacillus spizizenii. For both donors, the DFEs show strong effect beneficial transfers, indicating potential for fast adaptive evolution. While some transfers of B. vallismortis DNA show pleiotropic effects, various transfers are beneficial only under a single growth condition, indicating that the recipient can benefit from a variety of donor genes to adapt to varying growth conditions. We scrutinize the predictive value of the DFEs by laboratory evolution under different growth conditions and show that the DFEs correctly predict the condition at which transformation confers a benefit. We conclude that transformation has a strong potential for speeding up adaptation to varying environments by profiting from a gene pool shared between closely related species.
Outcomes among confirmed cases and a matched comparison group in the Long-COVID in Scotland study
Authors: Hastie Claire E. , Lowe David J. , McAuley Andrew , Winter Andrew J. , Mills Nicholas L. , Black Corri , Scott Janet T. , O’Donnell Catherine A. , Blane David N. , Browne Susan , Ibbotson Tracy R. , Pell Jill P.
Published: October 2022

With increasing numbers infected by SARS-CoV-2, understanding long-COVID is essential to inform health and social care support. A Scottish population cohort of 33,281 laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections and 62,957 never-infected individuals were followed-up via 6, 12 and 18-month questionnaires and linkage to hospitalization and death records. Of the 31,486 symptomatic infections,1,856 (6%) had not recovered and 13,350 (42%) only partially. No recovery was associated with hospitalized infection, age, female sex, deprivation, respiratory disease, depression and multimorbidity. Previous symptomatic infection was associated with poorer quality of life, impairment across all daily activities and 24 persistent symptoms including breathlessness (OR 3.43, 95% CI 3.29–3.58), palpitations (OR 2.51, OR 2.36–2.66), chest pain (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.96–2.23), and confusion (OR 2.92, 95% CI 2.78–3.07). Asymptomatic infection was not associated with adverse outcomes. Vaccination was associated with reduced risk of seven symptoms. Here we describe the nature of long-COVID and the factors associated with it.
Two Rac1 pools integrate the direction and coordination of collective cell migration
Authors: Zhou Sijia , Li Peng , Liu Jiaying , Liao Juan , Li Hao , Chen Lin , Li Zhihua , Guo Qiongyu , Belguise Karine , Yi Bin , Wang Xiaobo
Published: October 2022

Integration of collective cell direction and coordination is believed to ensure collective guidance for efficient movement. Previous studies demonstrated that chemokine receptors PVR and EGFR govern a gradient of Rac1 activity essential for collective guidance of Drosophila border cells, whose mechanistic insight is unknown. By monitoring and manipulating subcellular Rac1 activity, here we reveal two switchable Rac1 pools at border cell protrusions and supracellular cables, two important structures responsible for direction and coordination. Rac1 and Rho1 form a positive feedback loop that guides mechanical coupling at cables to achieve migration coordination. Rac1 cooperates with Cdc42 to control protrusion growth for migration direction, as well as to regulate the protrusion-cable exchange, linking direction and coordination. PVR and EGFR guide correct Rac1 activity distribution at protrusions and cables. Therefore, our studies emphasize the existence of a balance between two Rac1 pools, rather than a Rac1 activity gradient, as an integrator for the direction and coordination of collective cell migration.
Response of soil viral communities to land use changes
Authors: Liao Hu , Li Hu , Duan Chen-Song , Zhou Xin-Yuan , Luo Qiu-Ping , An Xin-Li , Zhu Yong-Guan , Su Jian-Qiang
Published: October 2022

Soil viruses remain understudied when compared to virus found in aquatic ecosystems. Here, we investigate the ecological patterns of soil viral communities across various land use types encompassing forest, agricultural, and urban soil in Xiamen, China. We recovered 59,626 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) via size-fractioned viromic approach with additional mitomycin C treatment to induce virus release from bacterial fraction. Our results show that viral communities are significantly different amongst the land use types considered. A microdiversity analysis indicates that selection act on soil vOTUs, resulting in disparities between land use associated viral communities. Soil pH is one of the major determinants of viral community structure, associated with changes of in-silico predicted host compositions of soil vOTUs. Habitat disturbance and variation of soil moisture potentially contribute to the dynamics of putative lysogenic vOTUs. These findings provide mechanistic understandings of the ecology and evolution of soil viral communities in changing environments.
Universal dynamics of mitochondrial networks: a finite-size scaling analysis
Authors: Zamponi Nahuel , Zamponi Emiliano , Cannas Sergio A. , Chialvo Dante R.
Published: October 2022

Evidence from models and experiments suggests that the networked structure observed in mitochondria emerges at the critical point of a phase transition controlled by fission and fusion rates. If mitochondria are poised at criticality, the relevant network quantities should scale with the system’s size. However, whether or not the expected finite-size effects take place has not been demonstrated yet. Here, we first provide a theoretical framework to interpret the scaling behavior of mitochondrial network quantities by analyzing two conceptually different models of mitochondrial dynamics. Then, we perform a finite-size scaling analysis of real mitochondrial networks extracted from microscopy images and obtain scaling exponents comparable with critical exponents from models and theory. Overall, we provide a universal description of the structural phase transition in mammalian mitochondria.
Extraction of polysaccharide from Althea rosea and its physicochemical, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive and antioxidant properties
Authors: Hassan Ifra , Gani Adil , Ahmad Mudasir , Banday Javid
Published: October 2022

The valorization of new polymer sources from underutilized plants as structuring, encapsulating, and texturizing agents for food and nutraceutical applications is gaining attention. This provides an opportunity where inexpensive plant-sourced biopolymers can play an impactful role, on both ecological and economic aspects performing equivalently effectual yet cost-effective substitutes to synthetic polymers. With this aim, we explored the use of mucilage from Althea rosea and reveal its physicochemical, in vitro antidiabetic and antihypertensive activity. Besides, structural, micrometric, crystallization, and anti-microbial properties was also seen. We determined the probable structure of the extracted mucilage by FTIR which confirmed the residues of saccharides as galactose and uronic acid with α and β configurations. It consists of 78.26% carbohydrates, 3.51% ashes, and 3.72% proteins. Here, we show that the mucilage offered protection to DNA against the oxidative damage caused by (-OH) radicals and the morphology of the mucilage particles displayed a fibrillary material settled in a net-like, tangled structure. Our results demonstrate that the reconstituted mucilage powder exhibited good water holding capacity (2.89 g water/g mucilage), solubility (27.33%), and oil holding capacity (1.79 g oil/g mucilage). Moreover, high emulsifying property (95.83%) and foaming capacity (17.04%) was noted. Our results indicate that A.rosea mucilage can potentially serve as economical and eco-friendly hydrocolloid substitute for the food and nutraceutical industry owing to its functional, hypo-lipidemic, anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-bacterial properties.
Treatments for hearing loss in osteogenesis imperfecta: a systematic review and meta-analysis on their efficacy
Authors: Ugarteburu Maialen , Cardoso Luis , Richter Claus-Peter , Carriero Alessandra
Published: October 2022

About 70% of people with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) experience hearing loss. There is no cure for OI, and therapies to ameliorate hearing loss rely on conventional treatments for auditory impairments in the general population. The success rate of these treatments in the OI population with poor collagenous tissues is still unclear. Here, we conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of treatments addressing hearing loss in OI. This study conforms to the reporting standards of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). Data sources include published articles in Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, from their inception to November 2020. Studies included individuals with OI undergoing a hearing loss treatment, having pre- and postoperative objective assessment of hearing function at a specified follow-up length. Our search identified 1144 articles, of which 67 were reviewed at full-text screening. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on the selected articles (n = 12) of people with OI that underwent stapes surgery. Success was assessed as the proportion of ears with a postoperative Air–Bone Gap (ABG) ≤ 10 dB. A systematic review was conducted on the remaining articles (n = 13) reporting on other treatments. No meta-analysis was conducted on the latter due to the low number of articles on the topic and the nature of single case studies. The meta-analysis shows that stapes surgeries have a low success rate of 59.08 (95% CI 45.87 to 71.66) in the OI population. The systematic review revealed that cochlear implants, bone-anchored hearing aids, and other implantable hearing aids proved to be feasible, although challenging, in the OI population, with only 2 unsuccessful cases among the 16 reviewed single cases. This analysis of published data on OI shows poor clinical outcomes for the procedures addressing hearing loss. Further studies on hearing loss treatments for OI people are needed. Notably, the mechanisms of hearing loss in OI need to be determined to develop successful and possibly non-invasive treatment strategies.
Effect of composition and thermal history on deformation behavior and cluster connections in model bulk metallic glasses
Authors: Neuber Nico , Sadeghilaridjani Maryam , Ghodki Nandita , Gross Oliver , Adam Bastian , Ruschel Lucas , Frey Maximilian , Muskeri Saideep , Blankenburg Malte , Gallino Isabella , Busch Ralf , Mukherjee Sundeep
Published: October 2022

The compositional dependence and influence of relaxation state on the deformation behavior of a Pt–Pd-based bulk metallic glasses model system was investigated, where platinum is systematically replaced by topologically equivalent palladium atoms. The hardness and modulus increased with rising Pd content as well as by annealing below the glass transition temperature. Decreasing strain-rate sensitivity and increasing serration length are observed in nano indentation with increase in Pd content as well as thermal relaxation. Micro-pillar compression for alloys with different Pt/Pd ratios validated the greater tendency for shear localization and brittle behavior of the Pd-rich alloys. Based on total scattering experiments with synchrotron X-ray radiation, a correlation between the increase in stiffer 3-atom cluster connections and reduction in strain-rate sensitivity, as a measure of ductility, with Pd content and thermal history is suggested.
Nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection
Authors: Talebipour Ali , Ghannad Amir Hosein , Sharifi Elham , Pirzadeh Morteza , Hasanzadeh Moghadam Hamed , Saviz Mehrdad , Badieirostami Majid , Karimi Reikandeh Parham , Mobasheri Hamid , Faraji-Dana Reza
Published: October 2022

The coronavirus disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has affected people worldwide for more than two years. Here we present a new diagnostic method based on nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy to detect the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in swab samples. A known current is injected into the virus sample suspension, and the biomarker is the third harmonic detected in the power spectrum of the recorded signal. Computational modeling of harmonic production supports the hypothesis of ion channels (the E-protein) with nonlinear current–voltage characteristics being present on the virus envelope as a possible origin of harmonics. The developed system is able to distinguish between positive and negative samples with 5–10 dBc (decibels relative to the carrier) higher third harmonic ratios in positive samples, in agreement with the computational estimation. Our early results demonstrate that this method can detect the virus in solution. This is the first time harmonic signatures are used to detect SARS-CoV-2 in swab samples.
Network analysis to identify symptoms clusters and temporal interconnections in oncology patients
Authors: Kalantari Elaheh , Kouchaki Samaneh , Miaskowski Christine , Kober Kord , Barnaghi Payam
Published: October 2022

Oncology patients experience numerous co-occurring symptoms during their treatment. The identification of sentinel/core symptoms is a vital prerequisite for therapeutic interventions. In this study, using Network Analysis, we investigated the inter-relationships among 38 common symptoms over time (i.e., a total of six time points over two cycles of chemotherapy) in 987 oncology patients with four different types of cancer (i.e., breast, gastrointestinal, gynaecological, and lung). In addition, we evaluated the associations between and among symptoms and symptoms clusters and examined the strength of these interactions over time. Eight unique symptom clusters were identified within the networks. Findings from this research suggest that changes occur in the relationships and interconnections between and among co-occurring symptoms and symptoms clusters that depend on the time point in the chemotherapy cycle and the type of cancer. The evaluation of the centrality measures provides new insights into the relative importance of individual symptoms within various networks that can be considered as potential targets for symptom management interventions.
Generation and characterization of human U-2 OS cell lines with the CRISPR/Cas9-edited protoporphyrinogen oxidase IX gene
Authors: Novakova Zora , Milosevic Mirko , Kutil Zsofia , Ondrakova Marketa , Havlinova Barbora , Kasparek Petr , Sandoval-Acuña Cristian , Korandova Zuzana , Truksa Jaroslav , Vrbacky Marek , Rohlena Jakub , Barinka Cyril
Published: October 2022

In humans, disruptions in the heme biosynthetic pathway are associated with various types of porphyrias, including variegate porphyria that results from the decreased activity of protoporphyrinogen oxidase IX (PPO; E.C.1.3.3.4), the enzyme catalyzing the penultimate step of the heme biosynthesis. Here we report the generation and characterization of human cell lines, in which PPO was inactivated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The PPO knock-out (PPO-KO) cell lines are viable with the normal proliferation rate and show massive accumulation of protoporphyrinogen IX, the PPO substrate. Observed low heme levels trigger a decrease in the amount of functional heme containing respiratory complexes III and IV and overall reduced oxygen consumption rates. Untargeted proteomics further revealed dysregulation of 22 cellular proteins, including strong upregulation of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase, the major regulatory protein of the heme biosynthesis, as well as additional ten targets with unknown association to heme metabolism. Importantly, knock-in of PPO into PPO-KO cells rescued their wild-type phenotype, confirming the specificity of our model. Overall, our model system exploiting a non-erythroid human U-2 OS cell line reveals physiological consequences of the PPO ablation at the cellular level and can serve as a tool to study various aspects of dysregulated heme metabolism associated with variegate porphyria.
Design, synthesis and computational study of new benzofuran hybrids as dual PI3K/VEGFR2 inhibitors targeting cancer
Authors: El-Khouly Omar A. , Henen Morkos A. , El-Sayed Magda A.-A. , El-Messery Shahenda M.
Published: October 2022

Design and synthesis of a new series of benzofuran derivatives has been performed. 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, elemental analysis, and IR were used to confirm the structures of the produced compounds. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HePG2), mammary gland breast cancer (MCF-7), epithelioid carcinoma cervical cancer (Hela), and human prostate cancer are used to test anticancer activity (PC3). In compared to DOX (4.17–8.87 µM), Compound 8 demonstrated the highest activity against HePG and PC3 cell lines, with an IC50 range of 11–17 µM. Compound 8 inhibited PI3K and VEGFR-2 with IC50 values of 2.21 and 68 nM, respectively, compared to 6.18 nM for compound LY294002 and 31.2 nM for compound sorafenib as PI3K and VEGFR-2 reference inhibitors, selectively. The molecular docking and binding affinity of the generated compounds were estimated and studied computationally utilizing molecular operating environment software as a PI3K and VEGFR-2 inhibitor (MOE). In conclusion, compound 8 exhibited significant action against hepatocellular and cervical cancer cell lines. Mechanistic study showed that it had a dual inhibitory effect against PI3K and VEGFR-2.
Effect of empagliflozin versus linagliptin on body composition in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes treated with premixed insulin
Authors: Zeng Yi-Hong , Liu Sung-Chen , Lee Chun-Chuan , Sun Fang-Ju , Liu Jason J.
Published: October 2022

Insulin therapy often increases body weight and leads to visceral fat accumulation. Progression in diabetes is also associated with accelerated loss of muscle mass. Little is known about body composition changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients on insulin therapy who use sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors. This study examined the effect of 25 mg of empagliflozin compared with 5 mg of linagliptin for 24 weeks on body weight and body composition in patients with T2DM on premixed insulin. Body composition was assessed with bioelectrical impedance analysis. The mean difference between the linagliptin and empagliflozin groups in terms of mean body weight change from baseline to 24 weeks was − 1.80 kg (95% CI − 2.57, − 1.03). Empagliflozin also significantly reduced muscle mass (− 1.39 kg, 95% CI − 2.49, − 0.29) and total body water (− 1.07 kg, 95% CI − 1.88, − 0.27) compared with linagliptin. Compared to linagliptin, empagliflozin decreased body fat mass more from baseline to week 24, but this was not significant (− 0.31 kg, 95% CI − 1.51, 0.90). Further research on insulin-treated T2DM patients is necessary to investigate the long-term effects of SGLT2 and DPP4 inhibitors on body composition, as well as their effects on muscle strength and physical function.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT03458715, registration date: March 8, 2018.
Effect of maternal sleep on embryonic development
Authors: Vietheer Alexander , Kiserud Torvid , Haaland Øystein Ariansen , Lie Rolv Terje , Kessler Jörg
Published: October 2022

The concept of developmental origin of health and disease has ignited a search for mechanisms and health factors influencing normal intrauterine development. Sleep is a basic health factor with substantial individual variation, but its implication for early prenatal development remains unclear. During the embryonic period, the yolk sac is involved in embryonic nutrition, growth, hematopoiesis, and likely in fetal programming. Maternal body measures seem to influence its size in human female embryos. In this prospective, longitudinal observational study of 190 healthy women recruited before natural conception, we assessed the effect of prepregnant sleep duration (actigraphy) on the fetal crown-rump-length (CRL) and yolk sac size (ultrasound). All women gave birth to a live child. The prepregnancy daily sleep duration had an effect on the male yolk sac and CRL at the earliest measurement only (7 weeks). I.e., the yolk sac diameter decreased with increasing sleep duration (0.22 mm·h−1d−1, 95%CI [0.35-0.09], P < 0.01), and CRL decreased (0.92 mm·h−1d−1, 95%CI [1.77-0.08], P = 0.03). Since there was no association at the second measurement (10 weeks), and in the group of female fetuses at any measure point, we suggest a sex- and time-dependent embryonic adaptation to sleep generated differences in the intrauterine environment in normal pregnancies.
Sex difference in innate inflammatory response and macrophage polarization in Streptococcus agalactiae-induced pneumonia and potential role of microRNA-223-3p
Authors: Deny Maud , Arroba Nuñez Luis Alexis , Romano Marta , Denis Olivier , Casimir Georges , Chamekh Mustapha
Published: October 2022

While number of studies have shown that biological sex is a risk factor in the incidence and severity of infection-induced inflammatory diseases, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this study, we compared the innate inflammatory response in male and female mice with group B streptococcal (GBS)-induced pneumoniae. Although male and female mice displayed similar bacterial burdens, males exhibited more innate inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and a higher proportion of infiltrating monocytes/macrophages. The analysis of the distribution of macrophage subtypes M1 (pro-inflammatory) versus M2 (anti-inflammatory) yielded a higher M1/M2 ratio in infected males compared with females. Given the importance of the chromosome X-linked microRNA-223-3p (miR-223-3p) in modulating the inflammatory process and macrophage polarization, we investigated its potential contribution in sex bias of GBS-induced innate inflammatory response. Knock-down of miR-223-3p with specific antagomiR resulted in increased inflammatory response and higher M1/M2 ratio following GBS infection. Notably, compared to male mice, we detected higher amount of miR-223-3p in macrophages from females that correlated negatively with M1 phenotype. These results suggest that differential expression of miR-233-3p may impact macrophage polarization, thereby contributing to fine-tune sex differences in inflammatory response.
The law of blast stress wave propagation and fracture development in soft and hard composite rock
Authors: Ding Xiaohua , Yang Yuqing , Zhou Wei , An Wen , Li Jinyu , Ebelia Manda
Published: October 2022

The process of blasting stress wave propagation and crack propagation is directly affected by the physical properties of the rock mass and internal joints in the rock. In soft and hard rock layers, the blasting process is more complicated since the blasting stress wave needs to penetrate two kinds of rocks with different physical properties and the interface between soft rock and hard rock. In this study, the modal transformation of stress waves at the interface of layered composite rock was analyzed, and the process was reproduced by finite element analysis. Furthermore, the development law of cracks was explored. The research results demonstrated that in the single blasting-hole model, a triangular crack area caused by reflected stress waves appeared at the rock interface of rock medium I near the blast hole. In rock medium II, the tensile crack generated by the interface wave appeared on the side away from the blast hole. Besides, the development of the tensile crack was associated with the incident mode of the blast stress wave and the incident angle. In the deep hole blasting model, the incidence of the detonation wave front from hard rock to soft rock promoted the fragmentation of the hard rock.
Identification of hub genes and candidate herbal treatment in obesity through integrated bioinformatic analysis and reverse network pharmacology
Authors: Tai Yuxing , Tian Hongying , Yang Xiaoqian , Feng Shixing , Chen Shaotao , Zhong Chongwen , Gao Tianjiao , Gang Xiaochao , Liu Mingjun
Published: October 2022

Obesity is a global epidemic elevating the risk of various metabolic disorders. As there is a lack of effective drugs to treat obesity, we combined bioinformatics and reverse network pharmacology in this study to identify effective herbs to treat obesity. We identified 1011 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of adipose tissue after weight loss by analyzing five expression profiles (GSE103766, GSE35411, GSE112307, GSE43471, and GSE35710) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We identified 27 hub genes from the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network by performing MCODE using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that these hub genes have roles in the extracellular matrix–receptor interaction, cholesterol metabolism, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, etc. Ten herbs (Aloe, Portulacae Herba, Mori Follum, Silybum Marianum, Phyllanthi Fructus, Pollen Typhae, Ginkgo Semen, Leonuri Herba, Eriobotryae Folium, and Litseae Fructus) targeting the nine hub genes (COL1A1, MMP2, MMP9, SPP1, DNMT3B, MMP7, CETP, COL1A2, and MUC1) using six ingredients were identified as the key herbs. Quercetin and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate were determined to be the key ingredients. Lastly, Ingredients-Targets, Herbs-Ingredients-Targets, and Herbs-Taste-Meridian Tropism networks were constructed using Cytoscape to elucidate this complex relationship. This study could help identify promising therapeutic targets and drugs to treat obesity.
Si containing block copolymers quickly assemble into sub-6 nm domains
Authors: Deng Hai , Zhou Jianuo , Li Xuemiao , Yang Zhenyu
Published: October 2022

The directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCPs) is a potential patterning technology for sub-7 nm lithography.
Quantification of docusate antimicrobial finishing after simulated landfill degradationviatandem mass spectrometry and QuEChERS extraction
Authors: Sui Xinyi , Feng Chengcheng , Ankeny Mary , Vinueza Nelson R.
Published: October 2022

Quantification of silver docusate antimicrobial finishing in soil by tandem mass spectrometry after QuEChERS extraction.
Advanced photocatalytic performance of PVP-modified BiOBr materials for the removal of 2,4-DCP and mechanism insight
Authors: Xia Lianghai , Kong Lingdong , Tan Jie , Wang Yuwen , Jin Shengyan , Wang Chao
Published: October 2022

The BiOBr material is induced by PVP at room temperature to form an efficient visible light catalyst for removing non-dye organic pollutants from wastewater.
The mechanism of ginger and its processed products in the treatment of estradiol valerate coupled with oxytocin-induced dysmenorrhea in miceviaregulating the TRP ion channel-mediated ERK1/2/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Xiaoqin , Meng Xianglong , Su Xiaojuan , Ren Kele , Ning Chenxu , Qi Xiaoming , Zhang Shuosheng
Published: October 2022

Mechanism of Ginger and its processed products in the treatment of estradiol valerate coupled with oxytocin-induced dysmenorrhea in miceviaregulating the TRP ion channel-mediated ERK1/2/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Pre-soaking treatment can improve cooking quality of high-amylose rice while maintaining its low digestibility
Authors: Shen Yi , He Guoxin , Gong Wanxin , Shu Xiaoli , Wu Dianxing , Pellegrini Nicoletta , Fogliano Vincenzo
Published: October 2022

Rice is a staple food for more than half of the world's population and it is regarded as a high glycemic index (GI) food.
Stabilized photoemission from organic molecules in zero-dimensional hybrid Zn and Cd halides
Authors: Creason Tielyr D. , Fattal Hadiah , Gilley Isaiah W. , Evans Brett N. , Jiang Jie , Pachter Ruth , Glatzhofer Daniel T. , Saparov Bayram
Published: October 2022

This work explores the utilization of a photoactive organic cation for the preparation of R2MCl4(M = Zn, Cd; R = (E)-4-styrylpyridinium, C13H12N+).
Ni-MOF composite polypyrrole applied to supercapacitor energy storage
Authors: Qin Zhao , Xu Yanqin , Liu Lin , Liu Min , Zhou Hanjun , Xiao Liyue , Cao Yuan , Chen Changguo
Published: October 2022

The synthesis of Ni-MOF@PPy and its use in assembling Ni-MOF@PPy//AC asymmetric supercapacitors.
First-principles study on the structural properties of 2D MXene SnSiGeN4and its electronic properties under the effects of strain and an external electric field
Authors: Dat Vo D. , Vu Tuan V. , Lavrentyev A. A. , Khyzhun O. Y. , Hieu Nguyen N. , Tong Hien D.
Published: October 2022

The MXene SnSiGeN4monolayer as a new member of the MoSi2N4family was proposed for the first time, and its structural and electronic properties were explored by applying first-principles calculations with both PBE and hybrid HSE06 approaches.
Naphthylisoindolinone alkaloids: the first ring-contracted naphthylisoquinolines, from the tropical liana Ancistrocladus abbreviatus, with cytotoxic activity
Authors: Fayez Shaimaa , Bruhn Torsten , Feineis Doris , Assi Laurent Aké , Kushwaha Prem Prakash , Kumar Shashank , Bringmann Gerhard
Published: October 2022

Ancistrobrevoline A is the first example of a new subtype of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids. Here the isoquinoline part is ring-contracted to give a chiral isoindolinone heterocycle. It reduces mammosphere formation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Density-tunable pathway complexity in a minimalistic self-assembly model
Authors: Becchi Matteo , Capelli Riccardo , Perego Claudio , Pavan Giovanni M. , Micheletti Cristian
Published: October 2022

A minimalistic self-assembly model can be steered towards different types of self-limited constructs by solely tuning a facile selection parameter, namely the density of building blocks.
Electrokinetic behavior of conical nanopores functionalized with two polyelectrolyte layers: effect of pH gradient
Authors: Liu Tien Juin , Hsu Jyh-Ping
Published: October 2022

The behavior of ionic current rectification of a conical nanopore functionalized with two polyelectrolyte (PE) layers via layer-by-layer deposition subject to an extra applied pH gradient is investigated theoretically.
Hierarchical architecture of the metallic VTe2/Ti3C2Tx MXene heterostructure for supercapacitor applications
Authors: K. A. Sree Raj , Barman Narad , Radhakrishnan Sithara , Thapa Ranjit , Rout Chandra Sekhar
Published: October 2022

The hierarchical VTe2/MXene heterostructure for supercapacitor electrodes.
Zn doped iron oxide nanoparticles with high magnetization and photothermal efficiency for cancer treatment
Authors: Kasparis Georgios , Sangnier Anouchka Plan , Wang Lilin , Efstathiou Christoforos , LaGrow Alec P. , Sergides Andreas , Wilhelm Claire , Thanh Nguyen Thi Kim
Published: October 2022

The substitution of Fe2+ ions by Zn2+ ions in the crystal lattice of ferrites increases both the nanoparticles magnetization, and their photothermal conversion efficiency.
HR‐HAR: A hierarchical relation representation for human activity recognition based on Wi‐Fi
Authors: Pu Yanglin , Jiang Yongqiang , Hu Hai‐Miao
Published: October 2022

The Wi‐Fi‐based human activity recognition shows immense potential, as it is device‐free, non‐intrusive to privacy, and low‐cost. However, current learning‐based recognition methods mostly adopt the hybrid representation without distinguished contributions of features to different activities, which will be seriously affected by environment variations and interference of other persons, and costly to extend to new activities. Therefore, this paper proposes HR‐HAR, a hierarchical relation representation for human activity recognition, to improve the performance, extensibility, and robustness by exploiting the hierarchical relation of features of activities. The hierarchical relation reflects the different contributions of features to recognize different activities and effectively distinguishes similar activities. It naturally leads to a layered structure that can be extended to new activities without re‐training the entire model. With the layered structure, HR‐HAR first detects the existence of other persons and then processes un‐interfered scene and interfered scene signals with different methods, so it is robust to the interference. The experimental results on the public dataset with 95.6% accuracy and on the self‐collected dataset with 95.4% accuracy for un‐interfered scene and 95.0% for interfered scene indicate that HR‐HAR is of reliable performance on human activity recognition and is robust to environmental changes and interference of other persons.
Prediction of breast cancer metastasis by deep learning pathology
Authors: Lu Yuanyue , Zhang Jun , Liu Xueyu , Zhang Zhihong , Li Wangxing , Zhou Xiaoshuang , Li Rongshan
Published: October 2022

With the rapid development of social economy, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing year by year. Whether there is lymph node metastasis in frozen tissue sections during breast cancer surgery is of tremendous priority for breast cancer surgical decision‐making. Therefore, it is very significant to diagnose the pathological sections of breast cancer quickly and accurately. In this study, a model which can quickly fine segmentation of lesion regions in high‐resolution breast cancer pathology sections is proposed. Firstly, pathology sections are processed by pre‐processing module; Secondly, the main lesion region in pathology sections can be quickly recognized by recognition module; Thirdly, the fine segmentation of lesion region can be accomplished by segmentation module. The dataset is selected from two medical institutions to evaluate the proposed model; it achieved the average recognition precision of 0.936 for region of interest in high‐resolution pathology section, with an F1‐score of 0.787; and the dice for lesion region segmentation is 0.8517. The proposed model outperforms several similar works, which can effectively improve the speed and precision of pathologist's diagnosis for high‐resolution breast cancer pathology sections.
FPGA‐based control strategy of five‐phase induction motor drives
Authors: Kulandaivel Gobikannan , Sundaram Elango , Padmanaban Sanjeevikumar , Khan Baseem , Kamwa Innocent
Published: October 2022

Here, a novel control technique for Five‐Phase Induction Motor (FPIM) drives using a field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) controller is proposed. Open‐loop control is analysed in terms of the performance and measurement of various power quality factors, such as voltage harmonics, current harmonics, total harmonic distortion, crest factor, unbalanced, short and long‐term flickering, K‐factor, real power, reactive power, apparent power, and power factor. This study experimentally demonstrated a closed‐loop system with both PID and DTC controls for the FPIM. Diminished torque pulsation is obtained by efficiently utilizing the voltage vectors from the total states of 25 = 32. A novel EG voltage vector sequence was proposed for DTC techniques and compared with small, medium, and large voltage vector sequences. Proposed innovative control programming techniques in spartan‐6 XC6SLX25 series FPGA for switching the five‐phase two‐level inverter to reduce the total harmonics distortion by less than 2%.
Apport du digital smile design dans la communication orthodontiste – dentiste
Authors: Gaillard Cyril
Published: October 2022

Les cas de réhabilitation et d'orthodontie nécessitent une communication précise avant et pendant le traitement. Le défi fréquemment rencontré dans bon nombre de ces cas est de trouver une méthode fiable et facile à interpréter pour communiquer les objectifs et les recommandations. Les avantages visuels de l'outil Digital Smile Design (DSD) peuvent rationaliser le processus de communication et aider à assurer la compréhension entre les cliniciens et les patients.
Usures, fissures, fractures et vieillissement : comment remodeler et rajeunir un sourire ?
Authors: Kawchagie Sarah , Jacquemont Mathilde , d'Incau Emmanuel
Published: October 2022

Les dents sont soumises à différentes contraintes au cours du vieillissement. Certaines d'entre elles entraînent une usure pathologique, des fissures et/ou des fractures susceptibles de détériorer significativement la fonction et l'esthétique. Les objectifs de cet article sont d'abord de revenir sur les étiologies et le diagnostic de ces lésions puis de développer à l'aide d'un cas clinique une technique minimalement invasive permettant de remodeler et rajeunir le sourire.
Le sourire est-il le seul objectif orthodontique ?
Authors: Pourrat Frank
Published: October 2022

Ce cas clinique a été traité par aligneurs. Le scorage du WES et PES a été fait en fin de traitement. Nous analyserons ce qui aurait pu être amélioré dans la planification de traitement.
« Blood doesn’t show on a maroon jersey », la commémoration des footballeurs morts durant la Grande Guerre dans le club de football d’Heart of Midlothian
Authors: Morata Camille
Published: October 2022

La commémoration des sportifs tués lors de la Première Guerre mondiale débuta bien avant la fin de celle-ci, s’intensifia dès la sortie de guerre pour perdurer jusqu’au Centenaire qui fut un intense « moment-mémoire » dans lequel de nombreux acteurs (État ; collectivités locales ; institutions publiques et privées ; particuliers ; associations) se sont investis. Nombreux furent les clubs sportifs à ériger des monuments aux morts en l’honneur de leurs membres mais peu multiplièrent les projets mémoriels comme le club de football écossais d’Heart of Midlothian. L’équipe d’Édimbourg sera donc au cœur de notre analyse afin de sonder cette mémoire à travers les modalités et surtout la fonction de la construction du souvenir de ses morts.
Pilocytic Astrocytoma Arising from the Conus Medullaris in an Adult: A Case Report
Authors: Leclair Nathan K. , Buehler Avery , Wu Qian , Becker Kevin , Moss Isaac L. , Bulsara Ketan R. , Onyiuke Hilary
Published: October 2022

Low-grade, sporadic, pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) are rare spinal cord tumors diagnosed in adult patients. Their localization to the conus medullaris is exceedingly rare, having only been described in a limited number of case reports. Here, we describe a case of a 22-year-old female presenting with back pain, lower extremity weakness, hypoesthesia, and urinary incontinence. Imaging studies demonstrated a cystic lesion of the conus medullaris that was treated with subtotal resection and cyst-subarachnoid shunt placement. Final pathology report confirmed PA from the histology of surgical specimens. We discuss the current literature of conus medullaris lesions and their differential diagnosis.
Clinical documentation requirements for the accurate coding of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections in Australia
Authors: Liu Sue , Kim Daniel , Penfold Samuel , Doric Andrea
Published: October 2022

Aims We evaluated the accuracy of medical coders in distinguishing the aetiology of urinary tract infection according to clinical documentation. Methods The clinical documentation of patients coded as having had a hospital-acquired urinary tract infection from January to June 2020 at two Melbourne hospitals were assessed for community or hospital acquisition. Results We found that 48.89% of cases were inaccurately categorised as hospital-acquired, due to insufficient detail in clinical documentation. Risk factors for hospital-acquired urinary tract infection were present in at least 30% of correctly categorised cases. Conclusions Clinical documentation is not filled out with sufficient detail or in a timely enough manner for clinical coders to distinguish between hospital or community origin.
Stimuli-responsive vesicles as distributed artificial organelles for bacterial activation
Authors: Gispert Ignacio , Hindley James W. , Pilkington Colin P. , Shree Hansa , Barter Laura M. C. , Ces Oscar , Elani Yuval
Published: October 2022

Intercellular communication is a hallmark of living systems. As such, engineering artificial cells that possess this behavior has been at the heart of activities in bottom-up synthetic biology. Communication between artificial and living cells has potential to confer novel capabilities to living organisms that could be exploited in biomedicine and biotechnology. However, most current approaches rely on the exchange of chemical signals that cannot be externally controlled. Here, we report two types of remote-controlled vesicle-based artificial organelles that translate physical inputs into chemical messages that lead to bacterial activation. Upon light or temperature stimulation, artificial cell membranes are activated, releasing signaling molecules that induce protein expression in
Escherichia coli
. This distributed approach differs from established methods for engineering stimuli-responsive bacteria. Here, artificial cells (as opposed to bacterial cells themselves) are the design unit. Having stimuli-responsive elements compartmentalized in artificial cells has potential applications in therapeutics, tissue engineering, and bioremediation. It will underpin the design of hybrid living/nonliving systems where temporal control over population interactions can be exerted.
Factors and Convergent Validity of The Pet Attachment and Life Impact Scale (PALS)
Authors: Cromer Lisa DeMarni , Barlow M. Rose
Published: October 2022

Human-animal interaction (HAI) provides benefits for humans. Emotional attachment to pets is a possible mechanism for benefits but there is no standard operationalization for “attachment to pets.” The study presented here
(N
= 651) uses a pet attachment measure based on qualitative research about benefits of pets. This measure, the Pet Attachment and Life Impact Scale (PALS), has four factors that measure Love, Regulation, Personal Growth, and Negative Impacts. We present exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the instrument. We then examine convergent validity with four
a priori
derived measures of pet attachment (Anthropomorphism Scale, CENSHARE PAS, CABS, LAPS) and a social support scale. We provide evidence that having a current relationship with a pet is related to higher scores on the PALS than having a former pet relationship, evidencing that the PALS is a relational measure. Overall, females are more attached to pets than are males, and dog owners are most attached, followed by cat owners and owners of other pets.
Developing Children’s Ability to Recognize Animal Emotions – What Does It Take? A Study at the Zoo
Authors: Rocha Sílvia , Gaspar Augusta , Esteves Francisco
Published: October 2022

Several factors are known to affect children’s identification of human emotions, but information is virtually inexistent regarding how they develop their ability to identify animal emotions. I this study we approached factors likely to influence children’s identification of animal emotions in zoos settings, such as age, variables related to information and experience with animals, the quality of animal facilities and children’s sensitivity to the animals’ captive environments. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2 European zoos with 164 children (ages 3-13yrs old) in front of chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan facilities during emotional events. Questions included information on pet ownership, zoo visits and multiple other forms of contact with animals. A coding scheme was created following content analysis and answers were coded for emotion identification, exposure/information, environmental awareness, setting and demographic variables. Most children correctly identified emotion events (87,2%). Following the inspection of the distribution of the various types of relevant experience, and of the correlations between possible predictors and accurate emotion identification, we tested a regression model with age, pet ownership and visiting animal sanctuaries as predictors. The model explained 41, 6% of variance and confirmed that all three variables made a significant contribution to accurate emotion identification. These results suggest that children’s identification of animal emotions might be influenced by maturation and relevant informative experience - features that are common to the identification of human emotions. We discuss further ways to explore the roles of information and of developing processes that may play a role in the identification of animal emotions.