bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the Factors Affecting Corrosion of Tertiary-Treated Municipal Wastewater
Authors: Lu Hui Xia , Jiang Xiao Wei , Chen Wei
Published: March 2013

Tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater is necessary to reduce its scaling potential for using as makeup water of circulating cooling systems. In this study the corrosivity and the factors affecting corrosion of municipal wastewater tertiary-treated by nanofiltration membrane process were assessed by weight-loss method. The results show that concentration of salt ions such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl- and SO42- has a significant effect on corrosivity to carbon steel. Certain quantity of calcium and magnesium ions could inhibit the corrosion of carbon steel, however, chlorine and sulfate ions could accelerate the corrosion of carbon steel. The corrosion inhibition effect of three inhibitors (PC-604, RP-101 and poly epoxy succinate (PESA)) in tertiary-treated municipal wastewater on the carbon steel was evaluated. PC-604 had the best corrosion inhibitor effect and the lowest dosage. This research has guiding significance for using tertiary-treated municipal wastewater as makeup water of circulating cooling systems.
Multi Wall Carbon Nanotube Surface Modification and Adsorption Performance of Cu2+
Authors: Abuduwayiti Reyila , Qu Cheng Tun , Yu Tao , Yang Bo
Published: March 2013

Mixed acid processed Multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs）were used as adsorbent to adsorb Cu2+ in artificial wastewater in this . In this study, the effect factors of Cu2+ adsorption capacity, such as initial concentration of Cu2+, absorbent contact time and dosage, etc were investigated respectively in the solution at neutral pH. The results show that population of -OH is increased on surface of mixed acid processed MWCNTs; and at condition of 30 °C, pH 6，as the increase in concentration and contact time, there is an increase in adsorption capacity of two adsorbents(processed and unprocessed)，and the Cu2+ adsorption rate increased with the increase in adsorbent dosage. In addition, the considered adsorption capacity change was obtained when processed MWCNTs was used.
Removal of Copper Ion in Industrial Wastewater by Magnetic Flocculation Experimental Research
Authors: Yang Yong Gui , Yang Yun Long , Kang Xiao Hong
Published: March 2013

An experiment on the removal of heavy metal copper ions from industrial wastewater by magnetic flocculation was studied and the influences of PFS dosage static sedimentation time，temperature，pH value and magnetic powder dosage on treatment effect were discussed at the same time .The result of the test showed that when the dosage of PFS and magnetic powder were 100 and 400 mg/l respectively the pH value was 8.0，the static sedimentation time was 20min, the said process had a good effect on copper containing wastewater treatment. The removal rate of copper ions was over 97％，and the mass concentration of copper ions in the effluent water was below 0.5mg/l. Therefore after be treated by magnetic flocculation the quality of copper-containing wastewater could meet the requirement of GB 8978-1996 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard .
Research on Active Carbon Adsorption for the Amoxicillin Wastewater
Authors: Feng Quan Li , Wang Xue Qian , Jia Yu , Ning Ping
Published: March 2013

The experiment has study on the COD removal influence of the amoxicillin production wastewater of the feed water concentration, pH value, Activated carbon types, Adsorption time and active carbon dosage. The results show that 5g activated carbon mixed with 50ml of the wastewater that diluted 15 times, the pH value is 6, and adsorption for 60 min, the COD removal rates is up to 95.61% and the effluent COD value is 62.14 mg/L. It is far lower than the current the wastewater discharge standards in our country.
Study on the Adsorption Efficiency of Carbonized Rice Hull Adsorption Bag for the Removal of Oil from Sea Water
Authors: Liu Ying Hui , Li Hong Xin , Tian Bo , Zhao Mei Yu , Cui Yu Bo
Published: March 2013

With the increasing incidence of accidental oil spills, there is now a growing worldwide concern about the urgent need to purify oil-polluted sea water and conserve the marine ecosystem. Carbonized rice hull (CRH) prepared in the open air has been studied as adsorbent for purification of oil-polluted sea water. The adsorption effects of CRH and CRH absorption bag were both investigated. The results showed that under the dosage of 20 g/L and initial oil concentration of 746, 520 and 380 μg/L, the obtained oil removal efficiencies were 59.0%，78.8% and 67.1%, respectively. The adsorption bag counterpart indicated that under the initial oil concentration of 546 μg/L, an equilibrium state was reached for all the three kinds of package bags. The obtained adsorption amounts were 21.7, 25.5, 22.8 μg/g and the corresponding removal efficiencies were 59.7%, 70.0% and 62.6%, respectively.
Treatment of Drilling Wastewater in Oilfield by Coagulation/Iron Chipping Micro-Electrolysis Two Process
Authors: Chen Bin , Yan Hong , He Huan Jie
Published: March 2013

The coagulation/iron chipping micro-electrolysis process was used to treat drilling wastewater .A new method of the depth removal of CODCr in wastewater from petroleum drilling was put forward. The effects on the reaction were investigated by single factor tests. The optimal conditions of the treatment are given as follows: weight ratio of iron chipping to reactive carbon 0.5, pH1.0, reaction time 2 hours, normal atmospheric temperature, after reacting the pH in solution being adjusted to be 11 by lime milk. The experimental results showed that following chemical coagulation/micro-electrolysis process, the removal rate of chromaticity is 100%, CODCr could be reduced to less than 150mg/L and the treated wastewater can come to the first and the second discharge standard of state comprehensive discharge criteria GB8978-1996. The analytic result shows that lixivium from solidified sludge cake of per unit operation comply with the second kind of general industrial sold of state standard for pollution control on the storage and disposal site for general industrial sold,GB18599-2001.
Research Progress of Plasma Technology in Treating NO, SO2 and Hg0 from Flue Gas
Authors: Jia Bao Jun , Chen Yang , Feng Qin Zhong , Liu Li Yuan
Published: March 2013

With the rapid development in industrialization and urbanization, various air pollutants are emitted into atmospheric environment. NO, SO2, Hg0are the most important pollutant in the flue gas. The application of non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology in the removal of NO, SO2, Hg0was reviewed respectively. Environmental applications have mainly involved plus corona discharge (PCD) and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) system. In the future, the application of plasma technology in the flue gas could be focused on multiple pollutants synergistic mechanism.
Current Efficiency and Energy Consumption of Electrochemical Oxidation for Ammonia Removal from Coking Wastewater Using Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes
Authors: Wang Chun Rong , Chang Sha , Ye Min , Ren Qin Yi
Published: March 2013

The electrochemical treatment of ammonia using born-doped diamond (BDD) as advanced treatment of coking wastewater was investigated. The effects of chloride ion concentration and current density on current efficiency and energy consumption were also analyzed. The results show that the current efficiency increases with chloride ion concentration increase and current density decrease. And 30% of current efficiency is obtained when current density is less than 19.7mA cm-2, and it decreases above 19.7mA cm-2. The energy consumption decreases with the chloride ion concentration increase and current density decrease. And energy consumption of 0.50kWh g-1 and ammonia removal rate of 84.7% can be achieved at initial ammonia concentration of 100mg L-1, chloride concentration of 900mg L-1 and current density of 29.6mA cm-2.Therefore, BDD electrodes have high current efficiency and low energy consumption, which attributed to its high oxygen evolution overvoltage (2.6V vs. SCE) and low chloride evolution overvoltage (1.5V vs. SCE).
Determination of N-Butyl Pyridine Tetrafluoroborate in Water Using UV–Spectrum
Authors: Tian Peng , Zhao Zhi Gang , Duan Ji Dong , Qin Tian Ling , Meng Bo , Wang Dan Ni
Published: March 2013

BP-BF4ionic liquid is prepared by the double decomposition reaction of BPC and NaBF4. The ionic liquid at room temperature used in the experiment has a significSubscript textant absorption determined by UV spectrum within the range of 200-400nm, the maximum absorption wavelength of BP-BF4ionic liquid is 256nm. The standard working curve of BP-BF4ionic liquid isSubscript texty=0.02852x+0.02406 (R=0.99933). The recovery rate of BP-BF4ionic liquid which is between 99.6% and 102.2%, is measured by standard addition method in water. The quantitative analysis of BP-BF4ionic liquids in water using ultraviolet spectroscopy is simple, accurate and reliable.
Hydrophobic Nano-Silica/Isobutylene-Isoprene Rubber Cryogels as Efficient and Reusable Sorbents for Oil Spills and Organic Liquids
Authors: Liu Xiao Yan , Hu Yan , Zou Jun Chen , Chai Wen Bo , Li Bei Bei
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a new kind of nano-silica embedded cryogel was prepared by solution crosslinking isobutylene-isoprene rubber with silica in benzene at various temperatures. The characteristics of cryogels were manifested by SEM. Sorption tests showed that the cryogels were efficient at removing kinds of oil, aromatic compound and alkane. The results suggested that the maximum sorption capacity was 15.44 g.g-1 for crude oil, 15.62 g.g-1 for diesel and 13.16 g.g-1 for lubricating oil, respectively. Moreover, the cryogels were reusable once they were centrifuged, leading to continuous sorption capacity for these oils. Therefore, the cryogel might be a promising removal material which can be used in large-scale oil or toxic organic liquids spills.
The Combination Process of Ozone/Ultraviolet/Biological Activated Carbon Filter for Treatment of Huaihe Micro-Polluted Water
Authors: Wu Dao Ji , Cheng Xiao Xiang , Zhai Xue Dong , Wang Yan Jie
Published: March 2013

Aim at experimenting the micro-polluted characteristic of Huaihe River water, a pilot-scale test by the combination process of ozone/ultraviolet (UV) /biological activated carbon (BAC) filter for advanced treatment of drinking water was applied. The removal efficiency of general pollution indexes by combined process with different ozone dosages (1.0~3.0 mg/L) was investigated. Along with the increase of ozone dosage, the removal efficiency of CODMn and UV254 generally increased in ozone/UV oxidation process; The removal effect of NO2--N by ozone/UV oxidation was obvious; The removal of turbidity and NH3-N was mainly in BAC filter phase; When the ozone dosage was 2.0~2.5 mg/L, the general pollution indexes had gotten satisfying results, thus it was not necessary to increase the ozone dosage.
The Effect of Killing Algae with Chlorine Dioxide and Reaction Kinetics
Authors: Li Shao Xiu , Zhao De Jun , Xia Wen Qin , Yuan Xiu Li , Xie Bao Hong
Published: March 2013

The effects of killing Chlamydomonas, Microcystis Aeruginosa, Cylindrospermopsis, Chlorella and Tetraedron by chlorine dioxide were studied. The reaction orders and rate constants of algae oxidated by chlorine dioxide were determined. The results show that these algae can be killed effectively by chlorine dioxide in raw water. the efficiencies of killing Microcystis Aeruginosa, Tetraedron and Cylindrospermopsis are 89.44%～92.48% during 10 to 15 Minutes. The efficiency of killing Chlamydomonas is high to 98.26%, but the efficiency of killing Chlorella is low, only 60.90%. The reaction orders for various algae are different. The reaction orders of Chlamydomonas, Microcystis Aeruginosa, Cylindrospermopsis, Chlorella and Tetraedron are 1.3, 2, 2.5, 6 and 2, respectively. The apparent rate constants are 2.1×10-3 μg-0.3L 0.3s-1, 5.6×10-3μg -1Ls -1, 8.3×10-4μg -1.5L 1.5s -1, 1.0×10-5μg -5 L 5s -1 and 3.8×10-3 μg -1Ls -1 , respectively.
Laboratory Study on the Static Absorption of Cationic Gemini Surfactant CGS on Quartz Sand
Authors: Fan Zhen Zhong , Zhang Zhe Ming , Zeng Xian Tao , Liu Qing Wang , Wang Ji Gang , Gao Rui , Kong Ling Da
Published: March 2013

Adsorption isotherms of new type cationic Gemini surfactant named CGS on quartz sand has been got by using solution concentration difference method. The effect of different factors on adsorption, such as temperature, pH value and salinity, are studied too. The adsorption isotherm of CGS on quartz sand accorded with Langmuir shape. The adsorption quantity increased with the increasing of surfactant concentration at an adagio rate, then the adsorption quantity increased fast, and it reached adsorption saturation when mass concentration was 150 mg/L, and saturated absorption was 6.3 mg/g. The adsorption quantity of CGS increased with the increasing of salt concentration. When heighten temperature and pH value, the adsorption quantity of CGS decreased.
Flue Gas Ammonia Simultaneous Removal of SO2 and NOx Technology and Development
Authors: Chen Cheng Min , Yang Li Guo , Chen Tian Ju , Sun Lai Zhi , Ma Yu Qin , Fan Xiao Xu
Published: March 2013

The principle and technical characteristics of flue gas simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx technology are expounded. The application and research progresses about this field are introduced. Besides that, the major research directions of flue gas ammonia combined desulphurization and denitration technology are prospected.
Pollutant Leaching Behaviors of the Solidified Oily Sludge
Authors: Gao Fei , Bai Xiao Qin , Zhou Huan , Lin Da Ming , Cheng Wen Xiu
Published: March 2013

Solidiﬁcation is one effective method to treat the oil contained sea drill cuttings. To understand the pollutant leaching behaviors of the solidified oily sludge from Bohai drill cuttings, a series of experiments of solidiﬁcation, curing, soak and analysis were carried out. The pollutant indexes of oil content and COD in the soak solution were tested. The influence of the composition of solidified agents, curing time and soak method of static soak or dynamic soak are discussed. The new concepts of C-O diagram and C/O value were proposed to present the characteristics and behaviors of pollutant leaching from the solidified oily sludge.
Numerical Simulation of Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico Based on the GNOME and ADIOS
Authors: Yang Yi , Chen Zhi Li , Li Ying , Xiao Xiao , Dan Qi , Yang Ting Hong , Ren Zhen Jie
Published: March 2013

This paper analyzes the mechanism of the GNOME and ADIOS models. On this basis, GNOME and ADIOS model are applied to the simulation of the oil drift and the weathering process of the early oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico respectively by correctly adding the Gulf of geographical information and environmental information. The simulated oil spill trajectories agree well with remote sensing monitoring results and the simulation results of ADIOS are in line with the oil spill weathering study conclusions. This paper also analyzes the reasons of simulation mistakes and the shortcomings of the model itself so as to figure out the direction for the future study.
Characteristics of Ship Oil Spill Incidents in Zhejiang Coastal Area
Authors: Huang Yan Pin , He Pei , Hu Yun Ping , Zheng Peng Jun
Published: March 2013

This paper reviewed oil spill incidents in Zhejiang coastal waters and characteristics of these incidents were analysed from geographical and seasonal distributions. Both operational and accidental oil spill incidents were examined, and key factors on ship accidents were identified. It was found that traffic density may be an important contributor to the oil spill incidents as key majority of accidents happened in busy waterways of important ports, especially Ningbo-Zhoushan area. The most significant oil spill risks were associated with navigational hazards of collision and grounding. The findings could be very useful for developing oil spill risk control and pollutants recovery measures.
Application of Four Schemes for Sand and Dust Emissions in China
Authors: Wang Jin Yan , Wang Shi Gong , Yang Yi , Li Yan , Guo Yong Tao
Published: March 2013

A serial of numerical experiments were conducted with four representative sand and dust emission schemes using an integrated numerical simulation and forecast system of dust storms. The comparison between the simulation results and the observation data shows that the vertical dust flux and the dust concentration of the scheme developed by Marticorena and Bergametti is the biggest, while those of the scheme developed by Lu and Shao is the smallest. The simulation effect of the dust emission scheme developed by Shao is similar to the observation, so the dust model system of Shao is preferably used to predict the dust events in China.
Design and Analysis of the Management System of Emissions Trading Based on Web
Authors: Kong Fan Long , Xi Min , Li Yue , Kong Fan Ting , Chen Wan
Published: March 2013

The emissions trading has significant environmental, economic and social benefits, and so far, China already has the foundation for implementation. Combied with the development of the current information technology and application level, this paper proposes a set of Emission Trading System and Functional Analysis of design ideas. The system starts from Platform Analysis, selects a reasonable and effective advanced technology solutions (.Net + Mysql + GPRS), owns a detail design of the data flow and emissions trading program. It also layouts a number of subsystems in function, which focus on emissions trading functions. Finally, it provides a better systematic implementation of emissions trading platform and strong support for the implementation of security.
Hydrothermal Process for Restaurant Garbage
Authors: Ren Lian Hai
Published: March 2013

In order to optimized the process parameters of Hydrothermal Process for Restaurant Garbage, a set of U24(63) uniform design trial tests were implemented. The results showed that the optimal condition for preparing feed from restaurant garbage is being heated for 80 minutes at 120 °C with water addition ratio on 30%. Additionally, hydrothermal treatment can kill bacteria thoroughly and affect the dewaterablity of the garbage markedly. Furthermore, hydrothermal process improvs the de-oil performance of the garbage, and the optimal conditions for de-oil is being heated for 80 minutes at 160 °C.
The Treatment Methods Review of Source-Separated Urine
Authors: Wang Lei , Qiu Fu Guo
Published: March 2013

The urine-diverting toilet separates the urine and faeces and collects urine alone at the source. This technique can not only collect and make the most use of nutrients in urine, but also reduce the pollutants load on water bodies. Because of the valuable benefits of urine-source separation system, many researchers have done a lot of study in the global scope and obtained many results on this techniques. Currently studies focus on extracting struvite precipitation from urine which can synchronously recover nitrogen and phosphorus. Because phosphorus is a scarce resource and most phosphate resources are going to the bottom of sea. The recovery of struvite can realize the sustainable utilization of phosphorus resources. This paper reviews the latest research outcomes on urine diverting and treatment techniques.
Influence of Sewage Sludge Addition on Huainan Coal Ash Fusion Characteristics
Authors: Jie Yao , Dong Zhong Bin , Li Han Xu , Wang Xing Ming , Ji Ming Jun , Zhang Song
Published: March 2013

The effects of sewage sludge addition on Huainan coal ash fusion characteristics were investigated by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The experimental results showed that the ash chemical composition of Huainan coal ash was rich in SiO2and Al2O3, while the mass fraction CaO in sewage sludge was over 40%. Accordingly, the ash melting temperature of Huainan coal was higher than 1500°C while that of sewage sludge was lower than 1250 °C. The ash melting temperature of coal blending with sewage sludge fell with increasing mass fraction of sewage sludge in the range between 0 and 0.7. The aluminosilicate clay minerals with high fusion temperature contained in Huainan coal can be bond with CaO and iron oxides rich in sewage sludge forming low temperature eutectic system, it led to the reducing fusing temperature of Huainan coal mixing with sewage sludge.
Precipitation Behavior of V-Enrichment Mineral in Steelmaking Slag Bearing Vanadium Modified by SiO2
Authors: Wu Liu Shun , Zhou Yun , Dong Yuan Chi
Published: March 2013

In order to concentrate vanadium in converter slag bearing vanadium, the effect of SiO2 on behavior of vanadium in the process of enriching was studied. Experimental results show that, during cooling, dicalcium silicate containing vanadium and phosphorus precipitate first from original slag. For original with 7% SiO2, most of vanadium dissolves in calcium silicate phase. However, the proportion of dicalcium silicate is big. For slag modified by 12% SiO2, during cooling, two vanadium-rich minerals precipitate firstly, i.e. Ca3(V,P)2O8(30-33%V2O5) and Ca3(V,P)2O8•nCa2SiO4 (14-31%V2O5), then 3CaO•2SiO2 (2-4%V2O5) generates. With addition amount of SiO2 increasing, the proportion of 3CaO•2SiO2 decreases gradually, and the content of vanadium in vanadium-rich phase increases gradually. So appropriate SiO2 addition can suppress the precipitation of Ca2SiO4 and Ca3•Si2O7, and promote the generation of vanadium-rich phase.
The Study on the Sludge Anaerobic Digestion after the Ultrasonic Treatment
Authors: Liu Chun Hong , Wang Feng
Published: March 2013

This paper studied on the energy efficiency of the sludge anaerobic digestion after the pretreatment of ultrasonic wave. Adding ratio of the sludge after the ultrasonic pretreatment was 30 %，50 %，70 % respectively, the retention time of the digested sludge was 27 d，20 d，16 d. The experiment results show that to treat the sludge by ultrasonic wave in 50-90s is considered to be suitable and the Energy Consumption is relatively less. The ultrasonic disruption rate is 3 %-4.2 % which met the requirement of the sludge anaerobic digestion technique. When the adding ratio of the sludge by the ultrasonic pretreatment was 70 % and the retention time of the digested sludge was 20 d, the gas production of the unit sludge is the highest. When the adding ratio of the sludge by the ultrasonic pretreatment was 30 % and the retention time of the digested sludge was 20 d, the effect is better than others.
Management of Construction Wastes in Several Typical Projects
Authors: Luo Qing Hai , Peng Wen Wu , Zou Jun , Yang Xiu Fei
Published: March 2013

Waste management of several typical construction projects was investigated in Hunan area; the project differences were analyzed on the waste amount and components, the increasing environmental impact of construction wastes was discussed. The disposal advices were given on the aspects of reducing, resources and eco-friendship of construction wastes. The environmental impact of construction wastes is permanent and accumulated, and the components are increasing diversified, so, the secondary contaminations are also increasing severe.
Research on Community Shop Mode in Circular Consumption
Authors: Xue Hong Yan , Wang Yi , Yan Zhao Yang
Published: March 2013

Circular consumption play an important role in saving resources and reducing waste emissions ,it can also realize optimization of waste resources .Only through circular consumption, can we achieve the circle of economic and social, can we achieve the coordinated development of resources and the environment. Community shop is a noticeable pattern in circular consumption. Through the rational management and operation of community shop, more people can vintage be recycled and transferred to the people who need them, and circular consumption and the harmonious development of society can be realized.
The Preparation of Pavement Brick and the Research on Compression Resistance
Authors: Cheng Lei , Yu Yan Zhen , Zhao You Heng
Published: March 2013

The chemical compositions of the Yellow River silt, coal gangue, air-float algae slag and the effect in pavement brick making were analyzed. The main factors which effect the compressive strength of the pavement brick was researched. The best pavement brick factor level combination by orthogonal experimental design was determined. The effects of air-float algae cement addition and sintering temperature on the compression resistance of the brick were discussed.
Characters of the Diesel-Like Fraction from Sludge Pyrolysis Oil
Authors: Ji Ai Min , Cui Yan , Liu Hong Ya , Qian Zu Guo
Published: March 2013

Sludge pyrolysis oil has the potential to substitute for refinery petroleum products for its similar characters with petroleum. In this study, the diesel-like fraction, with high heating value and low sulfur content compared with sludge pyrolysis oil, was obtained from sludge pyrolysis oil which was processed by two-step distillation to remove volatile component and compounds with high boiling points. The chemical composition of diesel-like fraction was investigated by Gas Chromatograph / Mass Spectrometer. The results indicated that this part comprises compounds containing N and O element 48.3% and hydrocarbons 51.7%, the hydrocarbon chain length of the alkanes and alkenes distributes across the C10~C20 mass range in the latter which was close to that of diesel. The sulfur content of diesel-like fraction is 10 times higher than that of diesel, and other fuel characters were similar with that of diesel, which indicated that diesel-like fraction was promising to substitute for diesel. After adding 10% diesel-like fraction into 5 # diesel, the fuel characters of diesel changed so little that it did not influence the application of diesel, which would be significant to alleviate the shortage of petroleum.
Relationship between Lipase Activity and Biogas Rate in Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Li Jian Chang , Yuan Ya Ge , He Juan , Xu Rui
Published: March 2013

Hydrolytic enzymes, which are very key enzymes in hydrolytic step of anaerobic digestion, have an important effect on substrate hydrolysis and biogas production. To research those effect, this paper have investigated the relationship between lipase activity and biogas rate with organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) as substrate, at the mesophilic temperature and batch fermentation. The results showed that in the process of AD, the curve of lipase activity was similar as that of biogas rate. With the increase and drop of enzyme activity, biogas rate increased and dropped. When biogas rate was at its peak period, enzyme activity of lipase was at its peak period, too.
Water Supply and Drainage Applicable Talents Cultivating Based on CCDIO Engineering Education
Authors: Liu Zhen Hua
Published: March 2013

Current talents cultivating can not meet the modern requirements of water supply and drainage project. CCDIO is defined as the center of students' career development with engineering or product life cycle as a carrier, meaning career development,conceive, design, implement, operate. Teaching system based on CCDIO consists of six systems including talents cultivating scheme, curriculum system, practice and training system, teaching quality assurance system, teacher training system, student career development system.Curriculum system includes engineering foundation and introduction, engineering conceive and design, engineering implement, engineering operate. CCDIO engineering education contributes to cultivating qualified modern water supply and drainage engineer, providing with talents for solving the water crisis.
The Research of Architectural Reclaimed Water Technique
Authors: Chen Feng , Xing Ji Hong , Cao Zhang Wei
Published: March 2013

Water resources is the important strategic resources, and how to realize the sustainable is the world's theme, is the foundation of human survival. The purpose of this study is: useing building wastewater as the research object, using MBR (membrane bioreactor) technology as the sewage processing.Through the analysis on the actual case,put forward the reclaimed water process and operation cost accounting.It appears that the costs of water reuse is 0.83 yuan per ton, is in a very low level. The technology is in the actual water reuse processing, and have the reality significance.
Effects of Aeration on Cavitation Bubble Motion in Cavitation Region
Authors: Dong Zhi Yong , Guo Zhi Ping , Shi Bin
Published: March 2013

In the present paper, a mathematical and experimental investigation is presented to describe effects of aeration on bubble motion at different flow velocities in cavitation region. Equations of work and equilibrium with the surrounding flow were developed. Relations between the cavitation numbers and air concentrations at different flow velocities were numerically solved. Experimental results showed that the numerical solutions agree well with the measured data. The influence of the cavitation numbers and air concentrations on the cavitation characteristics were analyzed. Cavitation phenomena were observed by high speed photography.
The Numerical Simulation of Groundwater in the Baisha River Area
Authors: Feng Juan , Zhao Quan Sheng , Quan Shuang
Published: March 2013

Based on the systematic analysis of geological and hydrogeological conditions of Baisha River, the scope of study area and boundary conditions are determined. This paper builds the water quantity model of researched region with the software of MODFLOW. The observational data according to temporal sequence are identified and validated by the water quantity model. Then, we choose the optimal hydrogeology parameters to simulate future groundwater levels. The simulated results show that ground water levels have rebounded to some extent. According to the amount of groundwater exploitation in the past 10 years, the available groundwater is between 1.4~1.6×106m3/a from 2012 to 2015. But the actual amount is only 1.2×106m3/a. Therefore, the region can increase the amount of groundwater exploitation to make more fully use of water resources .But mining can not do without moderation. We should guarantee the safety of groundwater, and then water resources can be fully sustainable utilization. Finally, the essay requests for rational use and protection of the groundwater.
Robust Control for Urban Living Water System with Seasonal Volatility
Authors: Li Ke Bai
Published: March 2013

Established urban living water management model. With capital and labor as state variables, using the pole assignment robust control method, realize the urban living water system supply and demand balance tending to target value.
Simultaneous Stabilization Control for Multiple City Domestic Water System
Authors: Li Ke Bai
Published: March 2013

Established multiple city domestic water system control model. Used new water population and fixed capital investment flow as control variables. The example result got the negative feedback control scheme, can realize the multiple city domestic water system simultaneous stabilization control.
The Research on the Impacts of Human Activities on the Evolution of Water Quality in Jiuzhaigou Natural Reserve
Authors: Bing Zhen Hua , Gao Jun
Published: March 2013

The research assesses the water quality to tourism development, shows the complex and dynamic relationships between humans and the natural environment. In total, 55 sets of data were detected in 11 samples, with the index of negative oxygen ion, oxygen ion, dissolved oxygen, PH, salinity, turbidity, electrolytic rate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus. The results show Water is weak acid and salinity, turbidity is low, with low degree of contaminated, total nitrogen content in 1.13 ug/mL the following, the total phosphorus content in 0.14 ug/mL the following. In the air over sampling points negative oxygen ion are more than 1000 per cubic centimeter, belongs to the pure and fresh air. Water quality of Zharu valley is much better than other valleys, The difference between samples quality is obvious in the other three valleys. According to the assumptions, human activities didn’t affect surrounding water quality apparently.
Failure Mechanism Study of Bridge Retainer in Earthquake
Authors: Zhang Yun , Li Bei , Yan Liu Bin
Published: March 2013

Taking a typical continuous girder bridge for example, the text builds spatial beam finite element model. By nonlinear time history analysis method, it analyzes bridge transverse pounding and the retainer strength in different strength levers earthquake. According to bridge pier failure and fragility theory and retainer section moment-curvature analysis, it puts forward retainer failure types in different strength levers earthquake. The calculation results show that it is irrational to design retainer section and reinforcement based on structure requirement. The structural retainer failure types have uncertainty without considering bridge seismic fortification goal. Though it appears on ductility failure, the damage state is very serious.
Determination of N-Butyl Pyridine Nitrate in Ethanol by UV-Spectrum
Authors: Tian Peng , Qin Tian Ling , Lu Jie , Meng Bo , Song Yang Yang , Yu Lu
Published: March 2013

N-butyl Pyridine Nitrate ionic liquid is prepared by the double decomposition reaction of BPC and NaNO3. The ionic liquid at room temperature used in the experiment has a significant absorption determined by UV spectrum within the range of 200-400nm, the maximum absorption wavelength of BP-NO3 ionic liquid is 259nm. The standard working curve of BP-NO3 ionic liquid is y=0.04555x+0.05604 (R=0.99922). The recovery rate of BP-NO3 ionic liquid which is between 99.8% and 103.4%, is measured by standard addition method in ethanol.
Parallel Computing for Water Quality Equation Based on JPPF
Authors: Zhao Long Fang , Hou Di Bo , Huang Ping Jie , Song Xiao Xuan , Xu Lin , Zhang Guang Xin
Published: March 2013

In order to meet the requirement to quickly solve the water quality equation for an unexpected water pollution incident, this dissertation, based on the paralleled algorithm under Java Parallel Processing Framework (JPPF), does research about the process to dynamically decomposes the iterative process into calculation tasks and distribute the tasks by the API of JPPF to the paralleled nodes for calculation. And the simulation result of one-dimension water quality equation shows that parallel computing method could reduce the time complexity from to , not only resulting in a significant improvement in calculation speed, but in a higher reliability and stability.
Research of the Simplification Macrospores Infiltration Model
Authors: Xie He Hai , Ma Ying , Feng Jie , Yang Fang
Published: March 2013

A simplification model of infiltration in clay soil was developed. The model consisted of two flow domains: soil matrix and macrospores. The model was tested against the results of infiltration transients through a large clay soil column. In order to quantify model parameters, characterization of soil matrix was carried out, providing hydraulic conductivity curve. All of the other model parameters were obtained by calibration due to lack of relevant experimental data. The proposed model proved to be able to adequately simulate measured breakthrough curves as well as temporal evolution of water content profiles along the sample.
Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Rainfall Erosivity of Shanghai in Recent Ten Years
Authors: Wang Ling Ling , Yang Er , Huang Jing , Jiao Peng
Published: March 2013

The daily precipitation of nine rainfall stations in recent ten years were taken as the analysis data. Combining the statistical method with GIS, the rainfall erosivity of nine rainfall stations was discretized spatially. And its temporal characteristics were analyzed by the statistical method of Mann-Kendal. The results showed that in the past ten years, the inter-annual rainfall erosivity distribution was uniform and its distribution in spatial was even. But in one year, the monthly rainfall erosivity exhibited strong variability and showed a bimodal distribution. And the two peak value occurred in July and August respectively. These results were useful to estimate the soil erosion and to divide the soil and water conservation zone in Shanghai.
Study on the Rainfall Similar of Soil Erosion on Loess Slope
Authors: Shen Zhen Zhou , Yao Wen Yi , Li Zhan Bin
Published: March 2013

A lot of research about soil erosion similarity have done and obtained rich achievements. However, strictly speaking, it need to do a lot of deep study about to establish the ratio scale model of soil erosion, the problems unsolved include of does not establish the similar equation system about soil erosion and sediment yield entities simulation. we did some experiment, the date shows: the raindrop speed mainly at 0.6-5m/s in 10min, the wave crest was 1m/s and 4.2m/s. At the same times, the 0.125mm grain diameter raindrop speed was about at 0.6-1.4m/s, the 0.25mm grain diameter raindrop speed was about at 1-1.4m/s, the 0.375mm grain diameter raindrop speed was about at 1-1.4m/s, the 0. 5mm grain diameter raindrop speed was about at 1-3.4m/s, the 0.75mm grain diameter raindrop speed was about at 3.4m/s, the 1mm grain diameter raindrop speed was about at 4.2m/s, the 1.25mm grain diameter raindrop speed was about at4.2-5m/s, the 1.5mm grain diameter raindrop speed was about at5m/s.
Drought and Flood Distribution Variation Based on SPI in Nanjing, China
Authors: Liu Jian Fen , Zhang Xing Nan , Wang Hui Min
Published: March 2013

Many drought and flood indices have been developed, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is one which has various temporal scales together to form an overall judgment of drought and flood and can be applied easily to different locations to identify and monitor drought and flood. Take Nanjing, China in the study as an example to analysis drought and flood variation by computing SPI values of four time scales including 3-months, 6-months, 12-months and 24-months, applying precipitation data from 1946-2000 of the study area. The results demonstrated SPI can be appropriate to analyze drought and flood variation of Nanjing, while the precipitation data were divided into three stages(1946-1963,1964-1981,1982-2000), the frequencies of various drought and flood classes from various time scales are different, particularly 12-months and 24-months. The time series is longer, the frequencies are more reliable and the differences more little.
Meteorological Drought Characteristics Research of Western Jilin Province Based on Wavelet Analyses
Authors: Lu Wen Xi , Chen She Ming , Luo Jian Nan
Published: March 2013

Drought is a recurrent feature of the climate. It occurs in virtually all climatic zones, and its characteristics vary significantly among regions. The precipitation data are obtained from 6 fairly distributed stations across western Jilin province (in China) for the period from 1957 to 2010. The calculated monthly standardized precipitation index (SPI) is used as a drought index. SPI not only nicely reflects drought intensity and duration, but also has a multi-temporal scale application dimension. For the purpose of analyzing multiple meteorological drought time-scales, Morlet wavelet transforms of the station monthly SPI time-series are interpreted. The results show that some stations, such as Chang-Ling and Tong-Yu, have remarkably significant cycles in their respective wavelet power spectrum and variance. However, these significant cycles are not clearly noticeable in the other stations. Irrespective of the trend, time-scale and cycles generally influence drought characteristics in the study area.
Analysis on Water Resources Supply and Demand Balance of Major Engineering Project of Rural Land Remediation in Jilin Province
Authors: Xu Xiao Ling , Liang Xu Feng , Liang Xiu Juan , Xiao Chang Lai
Published: March 2013

Water resources are an important influence factor of land remediation in Jilin Province. As support of food production, analysis of water resources supply and demand balance is an important part and technical support of the construction. After forecast of water demand and the calculation of water supply, in major projects areas of the demonstration construction of whole rural land remediation in Jilin province, the average water availability for many years is 736796.1 thousand m3 each year, including surface water availability 543393 thousand m3 and groundwater availability 193403.1 thousand m3.water demand is 463 694.4 thousand m3 in 2015; including water demand for life 49150 thousand m3 and water demand for agricultural irrigation 414544.4 thousand m3. Water supply is more than water demand; the results show that there is a slight surplus of water resources in the region. The basic supply-demand balance can be achieved in conditions of the design of water supply project in every project area.
Analysis on Water Resources Supply and Demand Balance of Rural Land Remediation Project in Baishan City, Jilin Province
Authors: Xu Xiao Ling , Liang Xu Feng , Liang Xiu Juan , Xiao Chang Lai
Published: March 2013

Water resources are an important influence factor of land remediation. As support of food production, analysis of water resources supply and demand balance is an important part and technical support of the construction. According to some relevant calculation formulas on water resources assessment, after forecast of water demand and the calculation of water supply, in the project area of the demonstration construction of whole rural land remediation in Baishan City, the average water availability for many years is 8990.1 thousand m3 each year, in which surface water availability is 7210.6 thousand m3, groundwater availability is 1579.4 thousand m3. Water demand is 5552.4 thousand m3 in 2015, in which water demand for life 4165.2 thousand m3; water demand for agricultural irrigation is 1387.2 thousand m3. Water supply is more than water demand; the results show that there is a slight surplus of water resources in the region. The basic supply-demand balance can be achieved in conditions of the design of water supply project in the project area.
Discussion on the Mechanism Research of Pioneer Plant Roots in Riverbank Soil Conservation and Slope Stabilization in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Mao Jun Hua , Chen Fang Qing , Zhang Jin Xia
Published: March 2013

The change of fluctuating rhythm of water level resulted from the construction of the Three Gorges Hydropower Project impacts the composition and structure of riverbank plant communities and plant growth in the reservoir area, which further affects the effects of plant root systems on soil conservation and slope stabilization. The changing trends of riverside ecological environment and vegetation in the reservoir area were analyzed in this paper, so was the study of mechanism on plant root systems in soil conservation and slope stabilization. Some suggestions were put forward finally for the mechanism research of pioneer plant roots in riverbank soil conservation and slope stabilization. It was suggested that the effects and mechanism of plant roots in soil conservation and slope stabilization in the Three Gorges reservoir area could be evaluated and uncovered by studying the temporal and spatial dynamics of root tensile strength, erosion resistance, shear resistance, soil physical and chemical properties, and their relationship with dynamics of the pioneer plant root structure responding to environmental changes induced by the construction of the hydropower project. The study also should include field investigation and simulated experiments in laboratory. The field investigation could reveal the changes of temporal and spatial dynamics of pioneer plant roots’ tensile strength, erosion resistance, shear resistance, and soil physical properties. The simulated experiments could evaluate quantitatively the relationship between plant root structure and their effects on soil conservation and slope stabilization.
Advances in Studies of Ocean Acidification
Authors: Huo Chuan Lin , Huo Cheng , Guan Dao Ming
Published: March 2013

During the past 200 years, approximately one-half of the carbon dioxide from human activities is being taken up by the oceans. The uptake of carbon dioxide has led to a reduction of the pH value of surface seawater of 0.1 units, equivalent to a 30% increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions. If global emission of carbon dioxide from human activities continues to rise at the current rates, the average pH value of the oceans could fall by 0.5 units by the year 2100. This was equivalent to a three fold increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions. Global ocean acidification has become one of the most threatening disasters to the ocean ecosystem and has been attached great importance by the countries adjacent to oceans and the related international organizations in the world. In this paper the current situation and development of ocean acidification and the impacts of ocean acidification are described. It also summarizes the latest research achievements of ocean acidification and the ocean acidification studies in such countries as US, Europe, Japan, Australia, the Republic of Korea, and China, etc.
Path Analyses of Sustainable Utilization of Resources Based on “Inter-Generation Equity” Idea
Authors: Che Hui Chun , Zhao Xian
Published: March 2013

From the traditional economics’ perspective, the major cause of resources exhaustion is positive discount rate policy. Based on the “economic man” hypothesis, this policy departs from sustainable development for its ignorance of inter-generation equity. In order to realize sustainable exploitation of resources, we should stick to inter-generation equity and sustainable development as our principle. Howarth model and Synthetic efficiency sustainability model provide the thoughts of “efficiency on the premise of sustainability” and “sustainability on the premise of efficiency” respectively.
Research Progress on the Ocean Estuary and its Enlightenment to the Study of the Tributary in Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors: Ji Dao Bin , Yang Zheng Jian , Huang Yu Ling , Ma Jun , Xie Tao , Yin Wei Ping , Liu De Fu
Published: March 2013

This paper comments and analyses the research progress of the estuary sediment and ecological environment, including saltwater intrusion phenomenon and laws, sediment and ecological environment. The physical context, sediment and ecological environmental problems of the tributary bay of TGR are analyzed comparatively with those in ocean estuary. Based on the existing research and achievements, this paper puts forward that the research ideas and methods of the ocean estuary should be drawn from, and outlooks the future research works on the dynamic and ecological environmental problems in tributary bays of TGR.
Application of Nano-Sized TiO2 in Environmental Protection
Authors: Li Tai Ru , Li Yu Wen , Bai Zhong Yan , Peng Xiao Chun , Zhong Zhi Qiang , He Tao
Published: March 2013

Nano-sized TiO2 is one of the most popular photocatalysts at present. This paper summarizes Nano-sized TiO2's circumstances of applications and trends of development at home and abroad in recent years, especially analyses the application and potential breakthrough of Nano-sized TiO2 in the environmental protection such as atmospheric pollution control and sewerage treatment, etc. Finally, the Nano-sized TiO2's application prospect in the field of environmental protection in future is predicted.
The Establishment on Assessment System of Nature Reserves’ Value
Authors: Gao Hong Mei
Published: March 2013

In terms of the diversity of nature reserves’ value, there are various methods to assess its value. By comparing and analyzing different methods of assessment, this text is aimed at establishing a system of assessment methods of nature reserve’ value to offer a quantitative basis on formulating the public management policies of nature reserves.