bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF ASEI-PDSI PEDAGOGICAL PARADIGM ON STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICS ATTITUDE AND ACHIEVEMENT IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS (JSS) IN FCT-ABUJA
Authors: OSEMWINYEN, AMENAGHAWON CLEMENT
Published: November 2024

The ASEI-PDSI pedagogical paradigm championed by SMASE – Nigeria Project in collaboration with Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is designed towards improving the quality of Mathematics which has consistently declined over the years in public secondary schools across the nation. The study assessed the ASEI-PDSI pedagogical paradigm on students’ mathematics attitudes and achievement in Junior Secondary Schools (JSS) in Federal Capital Territory (FCT) – Abuja. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study population comprised of all Mathematics teachers in the 161 Public JSS in FCT. 100 Mathematics teachers whom have implemented ASEI-PDSI pedagogical paradigm were selected from the six (6) Area councils of FCT using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. A researcher made 4-points Likert type of questionnaire was used for data collection and had reliability coefficient of 0.83 determined using the Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient formula. Collected data was analysed using mean and standard deviation for research questions, while hypotheses were analysed using Chi-square (X2) and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that, ASEI-PDSI pedagogical paradigm had a high positive influence on Junior Secondary Students’ Mathematics Attitude and Achievement but the influence was only statically significant on Attitude. The study established that ASEI-PDSI pedagogical paradigm is an appropriate teaching and learning strategy for delivery effective mathematics instruction in JSS in FCT. The study recommended among others; the need for JSS mathematics teachers in FCT implementing the ASEI - PDSI pedagogical paradigm to sustain it application and also for the stakeholders like FCT - Universal Basic Education Board to be encouraged to maintain regular in-service programme for JSS mathematics teachers as well as train those yet to be trained on the paradigm.
DIMENSION OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN LAGOS AND OYO STATES, NIGERIA
Authors: OJOKUKU, R. M. Ph.D  , OLOMU, J. B.  , DAVID, J. O. Ph.D
Published: November 2024

This study analyses the collective joint effects of social capital dimensions on performance of manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos and Oyo states, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design, and data was collected with the aid of structured questionnaire, copies of which were administered to 914 purposively selected out 3200 manufacturing SMEs in Lagos and Oyo States, Nigeria.  Multi-Linear Regression was used to analyse the joint effects of social capital dimensions on performance of the manufacturing SMEs. Findings showed that there is a positive relationship between the dimensions of social capital and manufacturing SMEs performance (p=0.000). The results of the joint effects of the dimensions showed that relational dimension (p<0.05) and cognitive dimension (p<0.05) have statistically significant joint effects on manufacturing SMEs performance while structural dimension (p>0.05) do not have statistically significant joint effect on manufacturing SMEs performance. Manufacturing SMEs should give priority attention to relational and cognitive dimensions of social capital due to its ability to predict customer satisfaction and market size.
The Relationship Between Students Interest in Learning and Their Achievement in Islamic Cultural History
Authors: Vadila Fara , Yanti Hernina , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Abdi Hamdani , Khoiriyati Wildatun Rizka , Asrida Asrida
Published: November 2024

Education plays a role in shaping individuals. In Islamic religious education, the Islamic Cultural History subject has an important role in forming students' religious character and skills. Student interest in learning is a key factor in increasing the effectiveness of learning Islamic Cultural History. This research aims to explore the relationship between students' interest in learning and learning outcomes in the History of Islamic Culture at Madrasah Tsanawiyah. Through in-depth analysis, this research will reveal the extent to which students' interest in learning can influence their achievement of learning outcomes in the Islamic Cultural History subject. From the results of research conducted by the author at the Madrasah Tsanawiyah, it can be concluded that class VIII students' interest in learning at the Madrasah Tsanawiyah, class VIII students at the Madrasah Tsanawiyah are in the medium category with a percentage of (61%). Second, is there a relationship between interest in learning and student learning outcomes in the History of Islamic Culture class VIII subject at Madrasah Tsanawiyah. The result is that there is a very significant relationship between interest in learning and the learning outcomes of Islamic Cultural History students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah, namely 0.213 with a percentage of 21.3% while the remaining 78.7% is caused by other factors.
The Influence of the Ability to Read the Quran on Learning Outcomes in High School
Authors: Raniza Yuratika , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Andahurifky Andahurifky , Nurhaliza Pioni , K Munawir , Dahliana Dina
Published: November 2024

The personality competence of teachers plays a crucial role in shaping students' learning experiences and motivation. This study aims to analyse the personality competence of Islamic Education teachers at Senior High Schools and its correlation with student learning motivation. This research employs a quantitative approach to analyse the influence of the ability to read and write the Quran on learning outcomes in Islamic education subjects for Class XI students at High Schools. Data were collected from 44 randomly selected students using a Likert scale to measure attitudes, opinions, and perceptions regarding learning methods. The data were analysed using simple linear regression and correlation coefficients. The results of the study show that the ability to read and write the Quran has a significant positive influence on learning outcomes. The hypothesis test results indicate that the significance value (sig) is 0.783, which is greater than 0.05 (0.783 > 0.05), leading to the acceptance of Ho and rejection of Ha. The correlation test results further demonstrate a positive and significant relationship between students' ability to read and write the Quran and their learning outcomes in Islamic education. This suggests that enhancing students' Quranic reading and writing skills can positively impact their academic performance in Islamic education subjects.
The Influence of the Individual Approach on Student Learning Outcomes in Islamic Education in Junior High School
Authors: Safitri Rika , Hadi Ihsan , Yanti Herina , Fatimah Fatimah , Albizar Albizar , Kaema Muhammad Tolal
Published: November 2024

This research aims to describe the application of an individual approach in learning Islamic education and its influence on the learning outcomes of junior high school students. This type of research is quantitative research. It is said to be quantitative research because this research uses the concept of variables. In data collection activities, the measuring tools or instruments used in this research used test techniques. The data processed is in the form of numbers obtained from the results of pretest and posttest students in junior high schools. The results of the research on the influence of the individual approach on student learning outcomes in the subject of Islamic education in junior high schools, namely first, the influence of the individual approach on the learning outcomes of students at state junior high school, the results of the analysis obtained t=6.24 and t table=1.89, then the hypothesis in this study is accepted, so it can be concluded that the learning outcomes pretest higher than the yield pretest before learning the individual approach. Second, the learning outcomes of Islamic education for students who were taught using an individual approach were higher compared to the control class who were taught using conventional methods. The average score of experimental class students was 80.205 while the average score of control class students was 67.27.
The Cultural Adaptation and Validation of an Urdu Version of the Revised Social Communication Checklist (SCC-R) for Pakistani Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Ahmad Warraich  , Dr. Nelofar Kiran Rauf  , Raiha Aftab  , Urooj Tara  , Dr. Sumbul Shahid
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on the cultural adaptation and validation of an Urdu version of the Revised Social Communication Checklist (SCC-R) for assessing social communication skills in Pakistani children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Due to the lack of validated assessment tools in Urdu, this study aimed to ensure the SCC-R’s cultural relevance and psychometric reliability for use in the Pakistani context. Following Brislin’s model for translation and adaptation, the tool underwent forward and backward translations, with an expert panel refining it to fit cultural and linguistic nuances. A sample of 42 mothers (18 with ASD children and 24 with typically developing children) participated, completing the SCC-R in controlled settings. Content validity was assessed using a panel of experts, resulting in a high Content Validity Index (CVI), demonstrating the instrument's relevance. Psychometric analyses, including reliability tests and item-total correlations, showed moderate reliability across most subscales, with some recommendations for refining the “Imitation” subscale. Significant differences between ASD and typically developing groups on all subscales validated the SCC-R’s effectiveness in distinguishing social communication skills. This study underscores the importance of culturally tailored tools, paving the way for more accurate assessments and interventions for ASD in non-Western contexts.
Productions et processus de recherche : une relation dialectique
Authors: Bacqué Marie-Hélène , Bellavoine Christine , Demoulin Jeanne , Lafaye Claudette ,   Collectif Pop-Part
Published: November 2024

Cet article interroge la dialectique entre processus et productions de la recherche, à partir du cas spécifique de la recherche participative « Pop-Part, les quartiers populaires au prisme de la jeunesse », composante du partenariat de recherche collaborative et comparative TRYSPACES. Tout au long de la recherche, notre ambition participative nous a conduits à multiplier les manières de construire et restituer ses résultats : cet objectif a nourri des productions diversifiées qui ont elles-mêmes en retour alimenté la recherche. C’est cette boucle que nous explorons ici. Partant du principe que les productions issues d’une recherche permettent de donner à voir des résultats tout en orientant le travail analytique, nous faisons l’hypothèse qu’il existe une relation dialectique entre les productions issues de la recherche et le processus même de recherche. Comment la définition et la mise en oeuvre d’une recherche viennent-elles orienter les productions qui en sont issues ? Inversement, comment les productions issues d’une recherche participent-elles à l’orientation de son processus et de ses questionnements ?
Collaborer avec les jeunes ?
Authors: Bensiali Célia
Published: November 2024

Cet article revient sur une recherche partenariale réalisée entre 2019 et 2021 à Montréal-Nord. Il propose un éclairage pratique sur les enjeux qui surgissent au cours de la production de recherches collaboratives en contexte de fortes asymétries entre les partenaires, et présente les moyens concrets qui ont été mobilisés pour y répondre. La méthodologie déployée dans le cadre de cette étude de cas s’est organisée autour d’outils de collaboration qui ont permis d’identifier, puis de répondre, aux enjeux de la distribution des ressources matérielles et symboliques entre les partenaires. Ce travail collaboratif s’est construit autour des intérêts individuels des personnes participantes et de leurs différences, et a été rendu possible par la mobilisation de compétences de traduction et de care tissées dans les interstices de la recherche.
Réflexions sur une recherche participative menée dans le cadre d’expériences d’appropriation de l’espace public des tianguis (marchés) du Chopo et El Salado dans la ville de Mexico
Authors: Ávila Farfán Adriana Alejandra , Bacca Mejía Ángela Margoth
Published: November 2024

Cet article présente une réflexion sur l’expérience de recherche des autrices dans deux études de cas menées au Tianguis culturel du Chopo et au Tianguis El Salado, dans la ville de Mexico, dans le cadre du projet international TRYSPACES. Nous y réfléchissons à l’apport qu’ont eu certains principes de l’action participative, de l’éducation populaire et des épistémologies féministes pour nous aider à surmonter les défis, les dilemmes et les conflits éthiques et méthodologiques rencontrés dans le cadre de ces expériences de recherche collaborative. Nous croyons que ce n’est qu’en adoptant une éthique située, critique, réflexive et enracinée dans le « sentir-penser » (de l’espagnol, sentipensar) que la recherche participative et collaborative peut parvenir à surmonter les dilemmes éthiques et méthodologiques. Ainsi, les décisions concrètes et la réflexivité constante contribuent à une éthique basée sur le soin mutuel et la responsabilité réciproque des personnes participant aux recherches, particulièrement lorsque des relations plus horizontales sont mises en place dans la production de connaissances universitaires.
La recherche participative et le développement de communautés de pratique
Authors: Brito Olivier , Salane Fanny ,   Collectif Pop-Part
Published: November 2024

Cet article explore la complémentarité conceptuelle entre la communauté de
pratique et la recherche participative. Une revue de littérature examine en premier
lieu la manière dont le concept de la communauté de pratique peut éclairer certains
aspects de la recherche participative. Puis, à travers une étude de cas portée sur
l’analyse de relations de recherche sur une période de 15 ans dans un terrain en
Île-de-France, nous révélons l’existence de continuums de recherche se nourrissant
de processus de négociation permanents et de relations sociales durables, et qui
contribuent ainsi à la formation de communautés de pratique et d’espaces de
participation stables.
Réflexions sur la présence du personnalisme d’Emmanuel Mounier dans la pensée de Camille Laurin1
Authors: Blais Jean-Sébastien
Published: November 2024

Cet article nuance les liens de Camille Laurin avec le personnalisme d’Emmanuel Mounier. En portant un regard sur le contexte sociohistorique dans lequel Laurin s’inscrit puis en proposant une analyse qualitative de certains textes de Mounier et Laurin, il vise à mieux saisir dans quelle mesure la pensée de Camille Laurin se voulait en adéquation avec celle de Mounier, relativement aux concepts de soins, langue et nation. Il conclut néanmoins que quoique sympathique au personnalisme de Mounier, Laurin présente une pensée davantage articulée selon une posture existentialiste.
Confidence over competence: Real-time integration of social information in human continuous perceptual decision-making
Authors: Schneider Felix , Calapai Antonino , Mundry Roger , Báez-Mendoza Raymundo , Gail Alexander , Kagan Igor , Treue Stefan
Published: November 2024

Human perception is susceptible to social influences. To determine if and how individuals opportunistically integrate real-time social information about noisy stimuli into their judgment, we tracked perceptual accuracy and confidence in social (dyadic) and non-social (solo) settings using a novel continuous perceptual report (CPR) task with peri-decision wagering. In the dyadic setting, most participants showed a higher degree of perceptual confidence. In contrast, average accuracy did not improve compared to solo performance. Underlying these net effects, partners in the dyad exhibit mutual convergence of accuracy and confidence, benefitting less competent or confident individuals, at the expense of the better performing partner. In conclusion, real-time social information asymmetrically shapes human perceptual decision-making, with dyads expressing more confidence without a matching gain in overall competence.
Microglia are Required for Developmental Specification of AgRP Innervation in the Hypothalamus of Offspring Exposed to Maternal High Fat Diet During Lactation
Authors: Mendoza-Romero Haley N , Biddinger Jessica E , Bedenbaugh Michelle N , Simerly Richard B
Published: November 2024

Nutritional fluctuations that occur early in life dictate metabolic adaptations that will affect susceptibility to weight gain and obesity later in life. The postnatal period in mice represents a time of dynamic changes in hypothalamic development and maternal consumption of a high fat diet during the lactation period (MHFD) changes the composition of milk and leads to enhanced susceptibility to obesity in offspring. Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) react to changes in multiple metabolic signals and distribute neuroendocrine information to other brain regions, such as the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH), which is known to integrate a variety of signals that regulate body weight. Development of neural projections from AgRP neurons to the PVH occurs during the lactation period and these projections are reduced in MHFD offspring, but underlying developmental mechanisms remain largely unknown. Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system and are involved in refinement of neural connections and modulation of synaptic transmission. Because high fat diet exposure causes activation of microglia in adults, a similar activation may occur in offspring exposed to MHFD and play a role in sculpting hypothalamic feeding circuitry. Genetically targeted axonal labeling and immunohistochemistry were used to visualize AgRP axons and microglia in postnatal mice derived from MHFD dams and morphological changes quantified. The results demonstrate regionally localized changes to microglial morphology in the PVH of MHFD offspring that suggest enhanced surveillance activity and are temporally restricted to the period when AgRP neurons innervate the PVH. In addition, axon labeling experiments confirm a significant decrease in AgRP innervation of the PVH in MHFD offspring and provide direct evidence of synaptic pruning of AgRP inputs to the PVH. Microglial depletion with the Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 determined that the decrease in AgRP innervation observed in MHFD offspring is dependent on microglia, and that microglia are required for weight gain that emerges as early as weaning in offspring of MHFD dams. However, these changes do not appear to be dependent on the degree of microglial mediated synaptic pruning. Together, these findings suggest that microglia are activated by exposure to MHFD and interact directly with AgRP axons during development to permanently alter their density, with implications for developmental programming of metabolic phenotype.
Beta Waves in Action: Context-Dependent Modulations of Subthalamo-Cortical Synchronization during Rapid Reversals of Movement Direction
Authors: Winkler Lucie , Butz Markus , Sharma Abhinav , Vesper Jan , Schnitzler Alfons , Fischer Petra , Hirschmann Jan
Published: November 2024

The role of beta band activity in cortico-basal ganglia interactions during motor control has been studied extensively in resting-state and for simple movements, such as button pressing. However, little is known about how beta oscillations change and interact in more complex situations involving rapid changes of movement in various contexts.To close this knowledge gap, we combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) and local field potential recordings from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson’s disease patients to study beta dynamics during initiation, stopping, and rapid reversal of rotational movements. The action prompts were manipulated to be predictable vs. unpredictable.We observed movement-related beta suppression at motor sequence start, and a beta rebound after motor sequence stop in STN power, motor cortical power, and STN-cortex coherence. Despite involving a brief stop of movement, no clear rebound was observed during reversals of turning direction. On the cortical level, beta power decreased bilaterally following reversals, but more so in the hemisphere ipsilateral to movement, due to a floor effect on the contralateral side. In the STN, power modulations varied across patients, with patients revealing brief increases or decreases of high-beta power. Importantly, cue predictability affected these modulations. Event-related changes of STN-cortex beta coherence were generally stronger in the unpredictable than in the predictable condition.In summary, this study reveals the influence of movement context on beta oscillations in basal ganglia-cortex loops when humans change ongoing movements according to external cues. We find that movement scenarios requiring higher levels of caution involve enhanced modulations of subthalamo-cortical beta synchronization. Further, our results confirm that beta oscillations reflect the start and end of motor sequences better than movement changes within a sequence.
From histology to macroscale function in the human amygdala
Authors: Auer Hans , Cabalo Donna Gift , Rodríguez-Cruces Raúl , Benkarim Oualid , Paquola Casey , DeKraker Jordan , Wang Yezhou , Valk Sofie Louise , Bernhardt Boris C , Royer Jessica
Published: November 2024

The amygdala is a subcortical region in the mesiotemporal lobe that plays a key role in emotional and sensory functions. Conventional neuroimaging experiments treat this structure as a single, uniform entity, but there is ample histological evidence for subregional heterogeneity in microstructure and function. The current study characterized subregional structure-function coupling in the human amygdala, integrating post-mortem histology and in vivo MRI at ultra-high fields. Core to our work was a novel neuroinformatics approach that leveraged multiscale texture analysis as well as non-linear dimensionality reduction techniques to identify salient dimensions of microstructural variation in a 3D post-mortem histological reconstruction of the human amygdala. We observed two axes of subregional variation in this region, describing inferior-superior as well as mediolateral trends in microstructural differentiation that in part recapitulated established atlases of amygdala subnuclei. Translating our approach to in vivo MRI data acquired at 7 Tesla, we could demonstrate the generalizability of these spatial trends across 10 healthy adults. We then cross-referenced microstructural axes with functional blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal analysis obtained during task-free conditions, and revealed a close association of structural axes with macroscale functional network embedding, notably the temporo-limbic, default mode, and sensory-motor networks. Our novel multiscale approach consolidates descriptions of amygdala anatomy and function obtained from histological and in vivo imaging techniques.
Molecular Matchmakers: Phytoplasma Effector SAP54 Targets MADS-Box Factor SVP to Enhance Attraction of Fecund Female Vectors by Modulating Leaf Responses to Male Presence
Authors: Orlovskis Zigmunds , Singh Archana , Kliot Adi , Huang Weijie , Hogenhout Saskia A
Published: November 2024

Obligate parasites often trigger significant changes in their hosts to facilitate transmission to new hosts. The molecular mechanisms behind these extended phenotypes - where genetic information of one organism is manifested as traits in another - remain largely unclear. This study explores the role of the virulence protein SAP54, produced by parasitic phytoplasmas, in attracting leafhopper vectors. SAP54 is responsible for the induction of leaf-like flowers in phytoplasma-infected plants. However, we previously demonstrated that the insects were attracted to leaves and the leaf-like flowers were not required. Here we made the surprising discovery that leaf exposure to leafhopper males is required for the attraction phenotype, suggesting a leaf response that distinguishes leafhopper sex in the presence of SAP54. In contrast, this phytoplasma effector alongside leafhopper females discourages further female colonization. We demonstrate that SAP54 effectively suppresses biotic stress response pathways in leaves exposed to the males. Critically, the host plant MADS-box transcription factor SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) emerges as a key element in the female leafhopper preference for plants exposed to males, with SAP54 promoting the degradation of SVP. This preference extends to female colonization of male-exposed
svp null
mutant plants over those not exposed to males. Our research underscores the dual role of the phytoplasma effector SAP54 in host development alteration and vector attraction - integral to the phytoplasma life cycle. Importantly, we clarify how SAP54, by targeting SVP, heightens leaf vulnerability to leafhopper males, thus facilitating female attraction and subsequent plant colonization by the insects. SAP54 essentially acts as a molecular "matchmaker," helping male leafhoppers more easily locate mates by degrading SVP-containing complexes in leaves. This study not only provides insights into the long reach of single parasite genes in extended phenotypes, but also opens avenues for understanding how transcription factors that regulate plant developmental processes intersect with and influence plant-insect interactions.
Transperineal prostate biopsy guided by which ultrasound transducer: transrectal or transperineal: a retrospective study
Authors: Xiao Yang , Han Lina , Wang Han , Lyu Guorong , Li Shilin
Published: November 2024

Background

Prostate biopsies are primarily conducted using either the transrectal or transperineal approach, with the ultrasound probe positioned in the rectum to obtain a clear view of the prostate. Reports on the utilization of transperineal prostate biopsies with the ultrasound probe placed on the perineal skin are limited.

Methods

A retrospective investigation was conducted on 119 patients who underwent transperineal ultrasound guided transperineal prostate biopsy (TP-TPPB). Additionally, 85 patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound guided transperineal prostate biopsy (TR-TPPB) were included as controls. The prostate cancer detection rates (PCDRs) and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups, and their application values were also evaluated.

Results

The overall PCDRs were 35.3% (42/119) in the TP-TPPB and 32.9% (28/85) in the TR-TPPB group (χ2 = 0.122, p = 0.727). When categorized by PSA level, there was no significant difference between the two groups in PCDRs in any category (p > 0.05). However, the single-needle PCDRs in some regions (L4, L5, R2, and apex) showed significant differences (p < 0.05). There was no difference in postoperative complication rates between the groups.

Conclusion

The PCDRs and the postoperative complication rates of TP-TPPB and TR-TPPB are similar. However, TP-TPPB requires simpler equipment and does not require intestinal preparation, which is especially useful for patients with rectal contraindications, such as those with severe hemorrhoids and rectal/anal diseases.
CAF-derived miR-642a-3p supports migration, invasion, and EMT of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting SERPINE1
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Cao Gang , Shen Shuijie , Wu Yu , Tan Xiying , Jiang Xiaoyan
Published: November 2024

Background

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells interact to promote HCC progression, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1) has conflicting roles in HCC, and microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to regulate tumor progression through intercellular communication. Therefore, we investigated the potential involvement of miRNA/SERPINE1 axis in crosstalk between CAFs and HCC cells.

Methods

In this study, candidate miRNAs targeting SERPINE1 3′ UTR were predicted using multiple miRNA databases. The miRNAs and SERPINE1 mRNA expression in Huh7 cells was assessed after co-culture with CAFs using RT-qPCR. Huh7 cell proliferation and invasion were detected after SERPINE1 siRNA. The functions of the CAF-derived miR-642a-3p/SERPINE1 axis in HCC cells were examined using CCK-8, wound healing, transwell assays, western blot, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Moreover, a orthotopic xenograft model was used to investigate the contribution of miR-642a-3p knockdown in HCC.

Results

SERPINE1 mRNA expression decreased, while miR-642a-3p expression increased in Huh7 cells co-cultured with CAFs. SERPINE1 knockdown enhanced Huh7 cell proliferation and invasion as well as miR-642a-3p expression. miR-642a-3p overexpression promoted migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in Huh7 cells by targeting SERPINE1, while miR-642a-3p knockdown yielded the opposite effect. Rescue experiments confirmed that SERPINE1 knockdown attenuated the inhibitory effects of miR-642a-3p knockdown on migration, invasion, and EMT in Huh7 cells. Importantly, miR-642a-3p knockdown suppressed growth and EMT in orthotopic liver tumors.

Conclusion

CAF-derived miR-642a-3p/SERPINE1 axis facilitated migration, invasion, and EMT in the HCC cells, suggesting miR-642a-3p/SERPINE1 axis can be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Comparative Analysis of Inorganic and Organic Sources on Economic Viability Productivity of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.)
Authors: Koushal Sanjay , Dhami Karan Singh , Jeet Indra , Anjum Mohsina , Tewari Samarth , S. Nagarjuna , Behera Himanshu Sekhar , Anbarasan S.
Published: November 2024

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) (Family: Zingiberaceae), Known as "Indian Saffron," a long-used and revered spice, is a significant commercial spice crop farmed in India. Known by many as the "Golden Spice of life," it is one of the most vital spices and a staple in cuisine all over the world. A tropical perennial plant native to Indonesia and India, turmeric is grown all over the world's tropics. India grows this significant commercial spice. It is ingrained in Indian tradition. The world's best turmeric is thought to come from India. In many Asian nations, Indian colloquial names are known as pasupu, haldi, manjal, and kunyit. Just 6% of India's land is used for growing spices and condiments, despite the country being the world's top producer, exporter, and supplier of 78% of the world's supply of turmeric. Furthermore, among Indian spices, turmeric is the second-biggest earner of foreign cash. India being one of the major producers of turmeric, contributes 80% to global production. In the year 2018-19, turmeric production was 389 thousand tonnes, with area and productivity 246 thousand hectares and 5646.34 kg per hectare respectively. The growth pattern of the area, production, and productivity of turmeric over the period of time indicate the growing contribution of production over the area expansion to the increased yield. India uses almost 80% of the world's turmeric. It makes up 80% of global production. With the largest proportion of 38% of all India's turmeric area, Andhra Pradesh is referred to as the "Turmeric Bowl of India," with Orissa coming in second. Another important policy strep i.e. “One District One Product” under Centrally Sponsored Scheme PMFME (PM Formalization of Micro food processing Enterprises Scheme), Turmeric is listed in the selected product in all states, this is an additional scope under which states can be encouraged to adopt cluster approach and group approaches such as FPOs, SHGs (Self Help Groups) and producer cooperatives. This will help to bring the win-win situation to both farmers and the microenterprises. Also, except Assam, the spread of formal/organized food processing units are scanty, the innovation center for developing value-added products from the traditional knowledge can be encouraged so that in the long run the product can be easily scaled up.
Value Chain Analysis of Cattle Feed Market in Banaskantha District, India
Authors: J.Durgaprasad  , Jadeja R. M.
Published: November 2024

India has vast resources of livestock and poultry, which play a vital role in improving the socio-economic conditions of rural masses. Livestock sector contributed 4.90 per cent of total GVA in 2020-21. Birthal and Jha [1] has found feed scarcity as the main limiting factor to improving livestock productivity. Therefore, to increase the productivity potential of milch animals the use of commercial compound feed is inevitable as supply of feed & fodder is shortening due to shrinking pasture land in the country. The Indian feed industry is about 57 years old. India is deficient in fodder and its availability is shrinking day by day due to decrease in cultivable area and increased share in food crop production so more thrust should be directed towards compound feeds by identifying the constraints and removing them.This study focused on the effectiveness of the feed industry and the performance of the value chain when mapping the cattle feed value chain in the Banaskantha district of Gujarat state. Total of ten feed manufacturing units and 120 farmers were selected for the study. The study was based on primary data and secondary data, the primary data were collected through personal interviews with the help of a structured survey schedule. Secondary data on livestock population were collected through the livestock census, Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India. A multi stage random sampling method was adopted as an appropriate sampling procedure for the study. Banaskantha district was purposely selected for the study as Banaskantha district has highest livestock population in overall Gujarat State. Four talukas from Banaskantha district were selected randomly and feed manufacturing units were selected by snowball sampling method. From each taluka, five villages were selected randomly. From each village, six farmers were selected randomly. The study focused on buying behavior of farmers regarding cattle feed purchase and to estimate demand for concentrated feed requirements for the future in Banaskantha district. The study found that among the eight explanatory (independent) variables, five variables viz., livestock population, farm size, feed price, income from livestock, total feed fed per day were found to be significantly associated with expenditure of cattle feed price per animal per month and other variables such as average age of the animal, technology adoption and distance from buying location were statistically non-significant. The required feed demand for future livestock populations in Banaskantha district are 3651480 metric tonnes, 4487461 metric tonnes, 5514543 metric tonnes, 6774097 metric tonnes and 8315523 metric tonnes for the year 2024, 2029,2034, 2039 and 2044 respectively.
Response Surface Methodology: A Review on Optimization of Adsorption Studies
Authors: Bbumba Simon , Kigozi Moses , Nabatanzi Jackline , Karume Ibrahim , Arum Chinaecherem Tochukwu , Nsamba Hussein Kisiki , Kiganda Ivan , Murungi Moses , Ssekatawa John , Nazziwa Resty Alexandria
Published: November 2024

Herein, we reviewed response surface methodology (RSM), a powerful statistical tool widely used in optimizing adsorption processes to remove synthetic dyes, toxic heavy metals, and phenols from wastewater. The widely used RSM models during optimization are the central composite design and Box-Behnken, which are second-order polynomial models. The models give a predictive insight into the number of experimental runs to be carried out. Furthermore, an in-depth overview of RSM and its application in optimizing various adsorption parameters, such as adsorbent dosage, initial pollutant concentration, contact time, and pH is discussed. In addition, RSM enables researchers to efficiently determine the optimal conditions for maximum pollutant removal. Lastly, the findings of this research highlight the potential of RSM as a valuable tool for optimizing adsorption processes and contributing to sustainable water treatment technologies.
Impact of Seasonal Changes on Avifauna Diversity in Nguru Wetland, Yobe State, Nigeria
Authors: A. Y. Mohammed, , A. I. Umar, , Dan'azumi Umar
Published: November 2024

The research on impact of seasonal changes on avifauna diversity in Nguru Lake of Hadejia-Nguru Wetland was carried out in two different seasons for the period of six 6 months, from April to June (dry season) and July to September (wet season). The aim was to evaluate the impact of seasonal changes on avifauna diversity and the species richness in the study area. A reconnaissance survey was carried out to select study sites and sampling points. Five (5) different points were selected which comprises of Madauka, Kayayyashi, Farin Ruwa, Badum and Guzan respectively and Point count census techniques were adopted. In each counting station, bird observation was carried out twice daily; morning between 6:00 am and 10:00 am and evening between 4:00 pm and 6:00 pm. Data compilation was done using Microsoft Excel and were analysed using statistical software Past 326b. Bird diversity was calculated using Shanon-Weiner diversity index. The findings of this research showed that the majority of birds identified were Resident species (12,225 individual birds), Migratory species (8,186 individual birds) and Palearctic Migrants (10,876 individual) species in the study area. Dominant bird species in Nguru lake were Philomachus pugnax, Actophilornis africanus and Phalacrocorax africanus. A total of 5,538 individual birds’ was identified (Dry Season) in Nguru lake ‘’ belonging to 21 families in which Ardeidae family had the highest (7) species of bird. Shannon Diversity Index’ has 2.55 in dry season, while in Wet Season’ has 3.40. This indicated that there was relatively equal and high diversity of bird species in Wet Season in the study area and has the total species richness of 6,711. Overgrazing and other anthropogenic activities which affect the population diversity of avifauna species serve as major threats to the continued existence of Wetlands. Typha grass also remained pressing problem which create microhabitats reducing critical habitat for feeding, nesting and roosting habitat for birds, as well as hampers the smooth flow of water used by many water bird species. In view of the findings of this study, effective monitoring and strategies for conservation to restore the population of bird species, provide public enlightenment of the people around the wetland and management of Hadejia-Nguru Wetland promptly advice the significant importance of the wetland in serving as home for resident and migratory birdspecies.
Yield Gap Analysis in Adoption of Production Technology and Economics of Coconut at Farmers Field of Tumkuru District, India
Authors: Desai Nagappa , Mamatha B. , Shankara M. H. , Jyothikiran S
Published: November 2024

The study was conducted with analysis of yield gap in adoption of production technology and economics of coconut through frontline demonstrations(FLD) at farmer’s field of Tumkur district, Karnataka state during the year from 2017-18 to 2019-20.The demonstrated plot yield obtained through frontline demonstrations was higher (9,932 nuts/ha) than the actual yield obtained by the farmers on their farm under own management practices (7,852 nuts/ha), but lower than the potential yield of coconut (12,300 nuts/ha).The data revealed that the total yield gap between potential yield and actual yield of coconut was 36.16 per cent, in which 20.92 per cent of yield gap between demonstration plot and actual farmers plot yield and 19.25 per cent of technological gap.
The maximum number of coconut growers adopted intercropping system (90.00 %) followed by irrigation method (86.66 %), whereas lesser adoption of harvesting of coconuts by coconut climber (26.67 %). More number of farmers were found to increase in adoption per cent of growing of green manure crops & incorporation (56.67 %) and soil sample analysis from coconut plot (53.33 %) and also improved soil fertility status of demonstrated plot as compared to farmers practices. There was significantly increased the yield of coconut (26.49%) after conducted the frontline demonstrations. The gross return, net return and B:C ratio was also found to increased in demonstrated plots as compared to farmers’ practice. The adoption of different production package of practices in coconut shows positive impact on yield and economics of coconut through adoption of demonstrated technology.
Genetic Studies on Variability, Heritability and Genetic Gain of Yield and Yield Related Traits in Foxtail Millets (Setaria italic L.)
Authors: Govanakoppa Nagappa , Anilkumar  , S. H, Anitha, , B. R. Jagadeesh, , K. N. Jakir Hussain,
Published: November 2024

The present work comprised of 40 foxtail millet advanced breeding lines obtained from small millet scheme, MARS, Dharwad. These lines with checks viz., DHFT-109-3 and HMT-100-1 were evaluated in replicated yield trial at millet scheme, MARS, Dharwad, during rabi 2020-21 for assessing genetic variability, heritability, and genetic gain among 17 traits. Wide range of variation provides an ample scope for selection of superior and desired advanced breeding lines by the plant breeders for further improvement of these characters. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits under study. In the present study foxtail millet advanced breeding lines exhibited moderate PCV and GCV for the most important economic traits viz., panicle length (18.01 and 15.85 % 15.85% and18.01%), panicle girth (15.25% and 15.45%), productive tiller per plant (18.44% and 19.40%) and straw yield per hectare (19.92% and 21.39%). The high phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for characters viz., specific leaf area (21.08% and 22.44%), specific leaf weight (20.52% and 26.72%), grain yield per plant (9.32% and 10.99 %), grain yield per plot (8.85 % and 10.49%) and straw yield per ha (19.92 and 21.39). Most of the traits viz., plant height(79 %), flag leaf length(98%),  flag leaf width ( 80%),  number of productive tillers per plant (90%),  panicle length(98%),  panicle girth (97 %),  SPAD at 50 per cent flowering (92%),  test weight (63%),  specific leaf area (88%),  specific leaf weight (87%),  grain yield per plant(71%) and straw yield per hectare (87%) showed the high estimates of broad sense heritability (h2 b) indicating the reliability of the estimates for variation between advanced breeding lines and effectiveness of selection.
Sociodemographic Profile Of Syphilis In Pregnant Women In The Municipality Of Norte Do Tocantins
Authors: Eleres Victor Martins , Rocha Josefa Fernanda Paulino Da , Sousa Andrea Daniella Maria Rodrigues E , Rodrigues Carlos André De Souza Pereira , Lima Lílian Natália Ferreira De
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sociodemographic profile of syphilis in pregnant women from 2015-2021 in Araguatins in the state of Tocantins. Methodology: The research is an epidemiological study of a quantitative and exploratory-descriptive nature. Regarding the sociodemographic profile of these pregnant women, it was pointed out that they have a low level of schooling, a higher age range between 13-23 years, and (82.5%) self-declared as brown, such information suggests a group of greater social vulnerability. Results: The occurrence of syphilis during pregnancy is directly related to several factors, including color, low level of education, unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, history of obstetric risk, late start of prenatal care and an insufficient number of appointments. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the urgent need to review the procedures adopted and highlights the importance of health professionals taking greater responsibility for a problem that is largely preventable
Sistema Único De Saúde (SUS) E As Políticas Públicas De Saúde No Brasil: Um Panorama Histórico
Authors: Santiago Francisco Alipio De Oliveira , Ferreira Nister Furtado , Camacho Flávio Gomes Figueira , Silva Avelar Alves Da , Marques Francisco Roldineli Varela
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a trajetória do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Brasil, destacando os avanços e desafios ao longo dos anos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Web of Science. O levantamento envolveu a utilização de palavras-chave relacionadas ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e políticas públicas de saúde no Brasil, além de descritores booleanos "AND" e "OR" para refinar os resultados e garantir uma cobertura dos temas abordados. Os resultados indicam que o SUS, fundado sobre os princípios de universalidade, integralidade e equidade, teve avanços significativos desde a sua implementação, especialmente no acesso da população aos serviços básicos de saúde. A análise histórica evidencia as diferentes fases do SUS, desde a luta pela sua criação até os desafios contemporâneos, que incluem o subfinanciamento, a fragmentação dos serviços e as desigualdades regionais. Observou-se também o impacto das políticas públicas na estruturação e consolidação do SUS, especialmente em relação ao controle social e à ampliação da rede de atenção básica. O estudo conclui que, apesar dos desafios financeiros e estruturais, o SUS representa um dos maiores avanços sociais no Brasil, promovendo a inclusão e o atendimento à saúde como direito de todos. As políticas públicas de saúde, embora enfrentem dificuldades para uma implementação plena, têm fortalecido o SUS ao longo das décadas, tornando-o uma referência de sistema universal e um modelo de inclusão para outros países.
The Role Of Informal Intercommunal Dialogue On Sustainable Conflict Management In The Ilemi Triangle
Authors: Kitonga Daniel , Noonan Oliver
Published: November 2024

Peace continues to be elusive in the Ilemi Triangle, which is located at the intersection of Ethiopia, Kenya and South Sudan. This study focused on the Dassanech and Turkana communities due to the increased frequency and intensity of violent conflicts between them. Drawing from the Systems Theory, the study explored how the local social organising through intercommunal dialogue impacts on how people respond to the conflict. Using qualitative case study methods, the study involved in-depth interviews with members of the Dassanech and Turkana communities who were purposively selected to include different members of the community structure who engage in intercommunal dialogue. These in-depth interviews were supplemented by focus group discussions (FGD) of participants through quota sampling. Each FGD had members who were immediately affected by the conflict from four kraals/kebele on either side of the conflict line. The data was subjected to a thematic analysis and organised into themes and sub-themes, from which patterns were identified and used for further research and reporting. There is compelling evidence these communities are familiar with each other, and during peacetime the acquaintance is characterized by friendship, visitation, and economic activity, which can facilitate and be a catalyst to sustainable conflict management.