bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of Pterygota alata inflorescence based on HRMS study to determine the reservoirs of Ayurvedic components with an emphasis on their potential therapeutic use for diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kushwaha Renu , Kumari Nishi , Kumari Priya , K Rama Chandra Reddy
Published: January 2025

Diabetes indeed requires a comprehensive approach, and dietary changes play a crucial role in managing the condition. While traditional methods like Ayurveda have been used for centuries to address various ailments, including diabetes. Pterygota alata, commonly known as the "winged seed" tree, has been explored for its potential antidiabetic properties in Ayurveda. Research into its efficacy and safety is ongoing, with some studies suggesting promising results. As with any herbal remedy, individuals with diabetes must consult healthcare professionals before incorporating them into their treatment regimen. While herbal products can complement conventional therapies, they should not replace them entirely. Additionally, potential interactions with other medications and individual variations in response should be carefully considered. Through UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS system major antidiabetic component such as Agmatine, Migitol, Trigoneline, Betaine, Theophylline, Quercetin, Kaempferol, Isoliquiritigenin, Esculetin, Rutin, Ferulic acid, Eriodictyol, Naringenin, Luteolin, Salsonilon, Apigenin, Hesperitine, Carvone, Ursolic acid, Betulin, Lupeol, Eugenol.
Financial Reporting Quality of Licensed Financial Institutions in Sri Lanka: A Comparative Analysis Across Historical Cost and Fair Value Accounting Regimes
Authors: Jayasekara S. G. Sisira Dharmasri , Perera K. L. Wasantha , Ajward Roshan
Published: January 2025

This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework to measure the financial reporting quality (FRQ) of licensed financial institutions (LFIs) in Sri Lanka and assess the FRQ of the fair value accounting regime over the historical cost regime. This study uses a quantitative design based on positivism to assess the FRQ. The sample size comprised 44 LFIs where the historical cost and fair value accounting regimes were assessed considering annual reports published in 2011 and 2021 respectively. Structured content analysis is used to collect data to assign a quantitative or numeric value for each item to capture FRQ dimensions under the conceptual framework. A comprehensive set of FRQ indices were developed to assess FRQ and the indices were compared using a t-test across historical cost and fair value accounting regimes. The analysis reveals that the FRQ of LFIs in Sri Lanka has improved significantly in the fair value accounting regime over the historical cost regime. However, regulatory disclosure requirements adhering to the strengthened corporate governance regime were also effective during the transition period Therefore, the IFRS adoption may not be the sole contributing factor to the improved FRQ in the fair value accounting regime. Hence, future studies may focus on assessing FRQ considering fair value-based earnings management practices and extend the scope of FRQ to evolving financial technology which may play an important role in FRQ.
 
Received: 26 August 2024 | Revised: 7 November 2024 | Accepted: 24 December 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest 
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.
 
Author Contribution Statement
S. G. Sisira Dharmasri Jayasekara: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. K. L. Wasantha Perera: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Resources, Data curation, Supervision. Roshan Ajward: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Resources, Data curation, Supervision.
Method Development and Validation of Antihypertensive Drug by using UV Spectroscopy
Authors: Mr. Akib. N. Sheikh  , Mr. Saurabh. D. Sahare  , Mr. Prathamesh N. Shukla  , Prof. Nitin A. Chandekar  , Dr. M. D. Kitukale
Published: January 2025

Hypolipidemic drugs are therapeutic agents designed to lower lipid levels, particularly cholesterol and triglycerides, in the blood. These drugs play a crucial role in managing conditions such as hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders. As the global prevalence of such diseases continues to rise, the demand for effective hypolipidemic treatments grows, prompting ongoing research and development in this field. Rosuvastatin, belongs to class of statins. Which are used to treat the high cholesterol and use to prevent the cardiovascular disease. Rosuvastatin chemically is (3R,5S,6E)-7[4-(4-Flurophenyl)-2- (N-Methyl- methanesulfonamido)-6-(Propan-2-ylPyrimidin-5-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid.1 Spectroscopy offers a promising alternative due to its rapid, non-destructive nature and minimal sample requirements.
Função afim e sua relação com os elementos da teoria dos registros de representação semiótica: análise de um livro didático do ensino médio
Authors: Braga Nádia Helena , Sabel Eduardo
Published: January 2025

Neste texto, apresenta-se sob a ótica da Teoria de Registros de Representação Semiótica de Raymond Duval, como é realizada a abordagem de função afim em um livro didático do ensino médio. O objetivo deste manuscrito é analisar à luz da TRRS, se o livro didático analisado aborda o conteúdo de função afim de maneira abrangente, utilizando várias representações semióticas e aplicando procedimentos de tratamento, conversão e congruência semântica entre essas diferentes representações. Essa análise permite compreender as implicações das atividades semióticas no processo de ensino de funções no ensino médio e identificar possíveis melhorias nos livros. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistem na análise documental de algumas atividades propostas aos estudantes nas quais identificamos as de tratamento, conversão e, nessas, a congruência semântica. As análises revelaram que existem variedades nos registros semióticos, utilizando-se registros em língua natural, tabular, algébrico, simbólico e gráfico. Observa-se uma quantidade de atividades de tratamento, mas as de conversão também foram exploradas. A função afim, enquanto objeto matemático, está presente em todo o itinerário formativo do estudante. Desta forma, entendem-se como relevantes e apropriadas as discussões que visam os processos cognitivos de apreensão de objetos matemáticos, nesse caso, a função afim. A partir das análises, considera-se que a abordagem de função afim é rica no que se refere às representações, tratamento e conversões com diferentes graus de dificuldades.
Situação desencadeadora de aprendizagem: uma análise da apropriação dos conceitos de multiplicação por estudantes do ensino fundamental I
Authors: Rosa Josélia Euzébio da , Santos Cléber de Oliveira dos , Hobold Ediséia Suethe Faus , Fontes Mariana da Silva
Published: January 2025

No presente artigo apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa na qual analisamos o processo de apropriação dosestudantes de reflexões relacionadas ao conceito de multiplicação por meio do desenvolvimento de uma Situação Desencadeadora de Aprendizagem (SDA) na forma de História Virtual do Conceito. O contexto de apreensão darealidade investigada ocorreu em uma turma de dezesseis estudantes do quarto ano do Ensino Fundamental de umaEscola Estadual do Sul de Santa Catarina. Para análise, consideramos o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dosestudantes durante dois encontros constituídos por dez aulas de quarenta e cinco minutos em 2022/1. Na tentativa de abarcar o movimento de apropriação dos estudantes referente ao conceito de multiplicação, organizamos quatroepisódios que expressam as manifestações da turma no desenvolvimento e resolução do problema da História Virtual do Conceito: 1) busca da relação universal do conceito de multiplicação; 2) elaboração de uma síntese com uma nova qualidade; 3) manifestações singulares na resolução de tarefas particulares; e 4) olhar da Professora Regente da turma investigada. Os resultados indicam que os estudantes, a partir do experimento objetal de contagem da grandeza discreta, abstraíram a relação geral que possibilita a contagem de grandes quantidades e a generalizaram para aplicação em diferentes situações particulares.
Pensamento Geométrico: Uma investigação nos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Eliodorio Carla da Silva , Gualandi Jorge Henrique
Published: January 2025

Os quadriláteros notáveis são polígonos muito estudados na educação básica, principalmente no ensino fundamental. Isso suscitou o questionamento de “como alunos dos anos finais do ensino fundamental identificam e classificam os quadriláteros notáveis?”. Assim, neste trabalho, buscou-se respostas para essa questão por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso. Para tanto, aplicou-se, em 2021, duas tarefas a Heitor e Luíza que pertenciam, respectivamente, ao 7º e 8º ano do ensino fundamental. Na análise dos registros desses alunos utilizou-se as definições e as propriedades dos quadriláteros notáveis propostas por Costa e Pinho, Batista e Carvalho, o que contribuiu para classificar os sujeitos da pesquisa nos níveis de Van Hiele, segundo Nasser e Tinoco, e nos subníveis de Battista, os quais se complementam no que tange aos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem de conteúdos de geometria, neste caso, quadriláteros notáveis.
Formulação de Problemas: um comparativo entre diferentes níveis educacionais
Authors: Azevedo Eliane Bihuna de , Figueiredo Elisandra Bar de , Colaço Amanda Zanelato
Published: January 2025

A Formulação de Problemas (FP) no contexto escolar acontece quando o estudante usa sua criatividade para reformular ou criar seus próprios problemas relacionados aos conteúdos matemáticos abordados em sala de aula e, por meio dela, tem a oportunidade de explorar seus próprios interesses, tornando o processo de criação significativo e proveitoso. Este trabalho apresenta uma comparação entre os problemas formulados por bolsistas de Iniciação Científica (IC) que pesquisaram sobre FP e três grupos de estudantes que não tiveram contato prévio com essa teoria: alunos de Cálculo da graduação, da pós-graduação em Matemática e monitores de Cálculo. As situações-problema eram semiestruturadas e abordavam o tema de funções. A análise das atividades, comparando a estrutura do problema formulado com a situação descrita, mostrou que o percentual dos problemas criados pelas alunas de IC e pelos alunos de pós-graduação que atendiam completamente à proposta foi de 100 % e 83,3 %, respectivamente, enquanto pelos alunos de Cálculo e pelos monitores foi 40 % e 37,5 %, respectivamente. Com base nessa experiência, podemos inferir que as estudantes de IC que tiveram contato teórico prévio com FP e os alunos de pós-graduação, que eram todos professores e têm a experiência e o amadurecimento do conteúdo, obtiveram melhores resultados nas atividades.
Occupational Therapists’ Role in Maternal Health in the Home Environment After Cesarean Section
Authors: Rich Caroline , Skuthan Alysha
Published: January 2025

Cesarean sections (c-sections) are the most commonly performed surgery in the United States, and the country is currently facing a maternal health crisis. Surprisingly, women do not receive rehabilitation services to support the acute stages of c-section recovery. When someone undergoes a knee or hip replacement, it is standard practice for the physician to order home health services, including occupational therapy, for a client before they are discharged from the hospital. The role transition to motherhood, which requires the provision of newborn care, physical limitations after surgery, and the associated mental health changes position occupational therapy practitioners as professionals who can provide essential services to mothers after a c-section. In this column, we argue for occupational therapy practitioners’ important role in serving women in the home environment immediately after a c-section and provide a tangible action plan for implementing these crucial services to improve maternal health outcomes. This column gives a voice to the often-invisible struggles of mothers suffering in silence in the acute postpartum stage of c-section recovery in the hope of bringing positive change to maternal health outcomes through the provision of skilled occupational therapy services.
Assessing the Barriers Faced by Youth-Owned Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Johannesburg
Authors: Matlhake Letta , Kalitanyi Vivence
Published: January 2025

Youth entrepreneurship is widely regarded as a key driver of economic growth and a solution to high unemployment rates in Johannesburg and South Africa. This is especially true in urban centers like Johannesburg, where the potential for youth-driven economic activity is particularly significant. However, young entrepreneurs face several barriers that hinder their ability to establish and grow successful businesses. This study explores these barriers, being financial regulatory, education or socio cultural. The research employed a qualitative design, using theoretical interview schedule to gather in-depth insights from a diverse group of young entrepreneurs. This is complemented by snowball sampling technique to extend the reach within the entrepreneurial community and capture a broad spectrum of experiences. Thematic analysis was applied to identify recurring themes in the data, such as financial challenges, regulatory barriers, and educational gaps. Key findings indicate that young entrepreneurs struggle to secure funding due to strict collateral requirements, limited credit history, and a lack of awareness about alternative funding options such as crowdfunding and venture capital. Additionally, complex regulatory frameworks and bureaucratic inefficiencies add to the financial burden and delay the formalisation of youth-owned businesses. Gaps in entrepreneurial education are also evident, as many young entrepreneurs lack practical skills despite having formal education. The study advocates for comprehensive support, including improved access to financial resources, regulatory simplification, enhanced entrepreneurship and improvement in the education system, and cultural shifts that promote entrepreneurship as a viable career path for youth.
Umnožavanje autorskog dela za privatne potrebe i računarstvo „u oblaku“ (cloud computing)
Authors: Radovanović Sanja
Published: January 2025

The use of copyright via the Internet has long dominated the digital society. Moreover, issues that emerged as contentious in the pioneering days of digitization and global networking no longer have the character of the unknown. However, there are no clear demarcation lines between the permitted and impermissible exchange of information in the global computer network. Here, we especially mean those forms of permitted exploitation that are not disputable in traditional law. One of these is multiplication for private use. Special attention is certainly drawn to users by cloud computing. In this regard, there are still some doubts, both for users and authors. So, the question that arises is whether making a copy of a copyrighted work in cloud memory can be covered by copyright restrictions? The forms of cloud computing are so different from each other that a single answer cannot be given. The theory has dealt with this issue only incidentally, mostly in relation to the issues of liability of Internet intermediaries for copyright infringement. It is similar in the practice of the European Court of Justice. However, today’s level of development and application of digital technology and the use of Internet space have made it permissible to make copies in the user’s cloud memory. From a legal point of view, however, an additional review of this issue is needed. Therefore, this paper analyzed the institute of reproduction for personal non-commercial needs from all its aspects, in order to make clearer the framework for the use of copyright on the Internet, based on the limitations of copyright.
Osvrt na novi režim odgovornosti internet posrednika za povredu autorskog prava u pravu Evropske unije
Authors: Ivanović Svjetlana
Published: January 2025

The paper deals with new liability regime of internet service providers for copyright infringements in the digital environment, provided by the Directive on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market. The Directive provides that online content-sharing service provider, which stores large amount of copyright protected works, and operates for profit-making purposes, becomes directly liable for the copyright infringement. The online contentsharing service provider performs an act of communication to the public or an act of making available to the public when it stores and gives the public access to works uploaded by its users. The primary liability of service providers for copyright infringement is established and they cannot rely on safe harbor regime for limitation of liability. The online content-sharing service provider has to obtain an authorisation from the rightholder, for instance by concluding a licensing agreement. If no authorisation is granted, service provider will have to ensure unavailability of specific works uploaded by users or to prevent their future uploads. The Directive introduces notice-and-stay-down regime. The service providers shall be liable for copyright infringement unless they demonstrate that they have made best efforts to obtain an authorisation, dissable access to infringing content and prevent the unathorised uploads by their users. Also, the Directive provides limitations and exceptions in favour of the users, which leave room to introduce a special form of user generated content exception.
„Lociranje“ striminga u autorskom pravu
Authors: Vujičić Novak
Published: January 2025

This paper analyses the issue of „locating“ – the qualification of streaming in Serbian copyright law. First, the qualification of streaming as an act of communication to the public of copyrighted works is questioned. Then, the qualification of streaming is examined in the context of the reproduction right. The analysis shows that certain ambiguities exist on both levels. At the first level, it is clear that streaming represents an act of communication to the public. Yet, the question of which specific form of communication to the public remains. As well as the question of who directly participates in such an act. At the second level, it is evident that streaming impels certain acts of reproduction of copyrighted work. Nevertheless, it will not always be clear whether or not they are covered by copyright protection. Despite the said ambiguities, streaming can be sufficiently „located“ in copyright law to enable the arrangement of legal relations around it.
Pravne posledice korišćenja žigom zaštićenih oznaka u virtuelnoj realnosti
Authors: Ćeranić Perišić Jelena
Published: January 2025

Due to the development of digital technology a new form of social and economic exchange in Virtual Reality (VR) has been created. The users can socially interact with each other through their avatars. Moreover, players can create their virtual businesses and therefore sell goods and services to other users. Revenues obtained in this way can be spent on other virtual goods and services or converted into real world currencies to be spent in the physical or online worlds. Increased development of VR technology brings a host of legal questions surrounding both the intellectual property of the actual technology as well as unlawful activity within the VR space itself. The interaction that VR has with the real world makes it possible to create a new channel for marketing content and products through virtual e-commerce. The establishment of a new VR market also implies the use of trademarks in VR. Due to the interplay of the real world and VR, trademark law faces migration of trademarks from one world to the other. A comprehensive analysis of migration of trademark from real world to VR and vice versa goes beyond the scope of this paper. Therefore, this article attempts to shed light only on some legal consequences of using trademarks in VR. Accordingly, the following issues are analyzed: functions of VR related to the use of trademarks, possibility of registering trademarks for virtual goods and services, assessment of similar goods and services for likelihood of confusion, and types of liability for trademarks infringement in VR.
A Comprehensive Review on Actinomycetes Distribution, Novel Bioactive Compounds
and Their Implementation in The Field of Agronomy And Medical
Authors: Negi Vaishali , Sharma Parul , Amreen Amreen , Rawat Geeta
Published: January 2025

Actinomycetes, particularly Streptomyces, thrive in extreme ecosystems and are key producers of diverse secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. These metabolites exhibit antibiotic, enzymatic, antiviral, and antitumor activities, contributing to half of all known secondary metabolites. In medicine, they yield immunosuppressants, antivirals, and hypertension treatments. In agriculture, they
support sustainable farming through siderophores, phosphate solubilization, growth hormone synthesis, nitrogen fixation, and natural insecticide production. This review highlights recent advancements in actinomycetes research, emphasizing their pivotal roles across industries.
Gharat Technology: An Indigenous and Eco-Friendly Source of Livelihood in Dewal
Block, Chamoli, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Pooja Pooja , Pal Anil
Published: January 2025

Gharat is a folk technology that operates on water, Gharat has been developed from the natural resources present in the surrounding area. The hill people of Uttarakhand have a deep connection with the Gharat, it is not only a source of local livelihood but is also deeply connected with the folk life and traditions of the hills. The sole purpose of documenting and presenting this research paper is to assess the present status of
Gharat in the study area, document varied traditional information related to local materials used for the construction of traditional Gharat. The present study is based on primary data, field survey was conducted in 8 selected villages of Dewal Block. Information was gathered through field observations and personal interviews
with Gharatis (owners), elderly informants, and residents living near Gharats. A semi-structured schedule was utilized to document various traditional aspects related to local materials and technology employed in constructing these water mills. During the field study, most of the people in the sample villages follow the "Bhagwar" traditions, exemplifying a harmonious display of community cooperation. The results show that in
the surveyed village availability of electric mills (atacaki) is increased per village and major decline in traditional Gharat in almost all the survey villages in Dewal block. Therefore, there is an urgent need to revive the watermills to save the indigenous and environment-friendly technology practiced for ages by the local people. Its effective incorporation into regional livelihood systems fortifies cultural identity and preservation of the environment in addition to improving economic prospects.
Sea Buckthorn in Cold Arid India: A Review of Ecological, Economic and Nutritional
Benefits
Authors: Singh Sanjana , Thakur Navjot Singh , Mir Mohammad Abass , Sarma Upasana
Published: January 2025

The sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a unique and significant plant species that exemplifies how an ancient cultural heritage can benefit modern civilization through scientific investigation. Greek manuscripts from the time of Theophrastus reference the medicinal use of sea buckthorn. Its ripe, yellowred berries are a rich source of antioxidants, carotenoids, flavonoids, organic acids and stress-relieving vitamins (A, B, C, K and E). These properties have led to its use in a variety of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and food products in countries such as Russia, The CIS republics, Mongolia and China. Sea buckthorn is notable for its cold resistance, drought tolerance, resilience to saline-alkaline soils and resistance to high winds. Its ability to
thrive under environmental stress makes it a valuable plant for afforestation in cold arid regions. Unlike other horticultural crops, sea buckthorn has exceptional flexibility and the potential to significantly improve the ecology and economy of India's cold arid regions. Recognizing its potential, numerous research and development groups, as well as research organizations in India, are actively studying this shrub. Sea buckthorn
serves as a prime example of how a lesser-known Himalayan plant can benefit modern society through scientific research.
Evaluation Of Orthodontic Treatment Needs Using Indices In Garhwali Population
Authors: Chand Shrutika , Puri Taruna , Khanduri Mridul , Chowdhary Gaurav , Kashyap Varun , Bishnoi Anita
Published: January 2025

Malocclusion refers to the misalignment of teeth, which can result from various factors such as genetics or environmental influences like thumb sucking, mouth breathing, over-retained deciduous teeth, early tooth loss, and arch length deficiency. In India, the prevalence of malocclusion ranges between 20% and 43%, making it one of the most common dental issues. Its consequences include functional impairments, such as difficulty in chewing, speech problems, and aesthetic concerns, which can have psychological effects. Malocclusion is also often linked to dental conditions like caries and gingivitis. Proper diagnosis and prevention of malocclusion are crucial, yet there is often a disconnect between the severity of the condition as perceived by individuals and specialists. To address this gap, various orthodontic treatment indices, such as
the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), were developed to provide standardized assessments. Studies on these indices have been conducted in different populations to evaluate their reliability. In a study conducted on 370 Garhwali
individuals living around Dehradun, a mild to moderate positive correlation (0.56) was found between the two IOTN components (DHC and AC), indicating a slight variation between actual malocclusion and patients' perception of their treatment needs. The study highlights the need to educate the general population about malocclusion and its impact on both oral and overall health.
Eco-Taxonomical Studies of Diatoms from a Central Indian River
Authors: Tiwari Shweta , Mishra Asheesh Shivam , Pandey Chandan Kumar
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the taxonomy of diatom flora in the river Belan, located in the Vindhyan region. Diatom samples were collected by scraping a 3x3 cm area from cobble substratum at five different stations across all seasons between 2021 and 2023. A total of 119 diatom species were identified, distributed among 28 genera. Among these, Cymbella (17 species), Navicula (15 species), Nitzschia (12 species), Achnanthidium (9 species), Gomphonema (8 species), and Fragilaria (7 species) were identified as the most
abundant genera with the highest number of species. The study also provides descriptions of the taxonomy of some of these abundant diatom taxa
In-Silico Antioxidant Activity and GC-MS Analysis of Root Extract of High-Altitude
Himalayan Plant: Erigeron multiradiatus
Authors: Dhami Devendra Singh , Pant Charu Chandra , Pant Pritee
Published: January 2025

The chemical composition of methanolic extract of Erigeron multiradiatus root was determined by GC-MS analysis and its in-silico antioxidant activity was also assessed. GC-MS analysis led to the identification of seven compounds i.e 2,4-Dihydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furan-3-one, 6,7-Dioxabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, 4HPyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-, 5-Hydroxy methyl furfural, 5-Acetoxymethyl-2- furaldehyde, D-Allose and 1,6-Anhydro- beta. -D-glucofuranose. Among these 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural was identified as major compound (56.24%). All the identified compounds displayed binding affinity in the range of −5.5 to −6.4 kcal/mol. The highest binding affinity (−6.4 kcal/mol) was recorded by compound 4 (5- Hydroxymethylfurfural) followed by compound 3 (4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-) that was -6.3 kcal/mol. Identified phytochemicals showed a better binding mechanism with the target protein myeloperoxidase. In silico prediction is useful for screening of potential antioxidant agents for further invitro study which gives clear explanation of antioxidant activity of selected extract
An Efficient Ratio Estimator of Population Mean for Simple Random Sampling
Authors: Sharma Richa , Singh Lakhan , Yadav Subhash Kumar , Kumar Manish , Kumar Aadarsh
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a modified exponential type of ratio estimator has been propounded for estimating population mean of a main variable, using Kappa technique under Simple random Sampling (SRS) Scheme to enhance the efficiency of ratio estimator. The expressions of Bias and Mean Square Error (MSE) for the introduced estimator have been derived for approximation up to the order one. The minimum MSE value for the suggested estimator is also attained for the optimum value of the two kappa constants. In addition, both theoretically and empirically, the proposed estimator has been studied and a
comparison with the competing estimators. The empirical study has been carried out with both real and simulated datasets to validate the efficiency conditions. The numerical study is performed using R programming and has been found that the introduced estimator is stronger than all other existing estimators of population mean
Macrophyte Diversity And Nutrient Dynamics In Asan Wetland, Dehradun: An
Ecological Assessment
Authors: Tabassum Sazia , Kotnala C.B. , Dobriyal A.K. , Kumar Koshal
Published: January 2025

The Asan Wetland, a Ramsar site and Important Bird Area (IBA) in Uttarakhand supports significant biodiversity, including diverse macrophyte communities that are pivotal in nutrient cycling and ecological stability. This study systematically documented 24 macrophyte species from 18 families, categorized into floating, submerged, emergent, pollution-indicator, and invasive groups. Field surveys conducted from November 2021 to October 2023 across three sites (S1, S2, and S3) revealed site-specific variations in macrophyte abundance. Nutrient analysis indicated moderate sodium, potassium, and nitrogen levels, while phosphorus levels exceeded the critical thresholds (OECD guidelines: 0.01–0.03 mg/L). Elevated phosphorus highlighted the risk of eutrophication, promoting invasive species like Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia molesta. Submerged and emergent species, such as Vallisneria spiralis and Phragmites australis, dominated stable habitats, contributing to nutrient uptake and sediment stabilization. These findings underscore the importance of macrophytes in nutrient regulation and the need for effective management to mitigate anthropogenic impacts, conserve native diversity, and maintain wetland health.
Root Mean Square Radius Of 7Li
Authors: Sinha Neelam , Sinha Piyush
Published: January 2025

The charge root mean square radius is one of the most important static quantity for nuclear structure as well as reaction calculations. The measured value of charge root mean square (RMS) radius of the ground state of 7 lithium nucleus in the present work is calculated using cluster model wave function along with resonating group method (RGM) generator coordinate method (GCM) and complex generator coordinate technique (CGCT). The wavefunction is written by considering alpha deuteron and alpha clusters. Relative motion is very well considered between alpha- deuteron and alpha-neutron clusters. Using CGCT we have transformed this cluster model wavefunction into antisymmetrized product of single particle wavefunction in the form of Slater determinant. The parameter coordinates, generator coordinates and center-of-mass coordinates are used to simplify expressions. The width parameters of deuteron and alpha clusters are chosen in order to get least binding energy and to obtain the results close to the experimental data.
A Comprehensive Review on the Nutrition, Processing, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Properties of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn (Poaceae)
Authors: Dangwal Lakhi Ram , Rawat Minakshi , Lal Tarseem
Published: January 2025

Millets as an efficient as other cereals grains in addressing nutritional insecurity, malnutrition and the challenges posed by burgeoning global population. Finger millet Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn is a significant agricultural crop grown in India thriving under different suboptimal agro-climatic conditions. Finger millet is considered
as one of the wonder crop that has immense climatic-resilience properties as well as health benefits which are primary attributed to its for its exceptional nutritional profile. Further the phenolic components present in the seed coat exhibit excellent properties namely anti-oxidant, anti-osteoporosis, anti-diabetic and enzymes inhibitory properties. Additionally, it displays seemingly improved healing properties, which makes this crop an excellent candidate for fulfilling major pharmacological requirements. Moreover, the processing of finger millet is a significant factor for their commercial value
in marketing but Government support and consumer awareness are essential for explore the whole potential of finger millet to address global challenges. Additionally, research and development are essential to create value-added food products from finger millet, enhancing its potential as a sustainable and climate-resilience crop.
Role of Prophylactic Transamine in Reducing Blood Loss during Elective Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Irfan Saima , Yazdani Tehreem , Nisar Salma , Khawar Maliha , Shafqat Hira
Published: January 2025

Objective: The purpose of the current research was to see how effective Tranexamic Acid is for minimizing loss of blood after elective cesarean section.Study Design: Interventional, randomized, parallel-group study.Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from August 2020 to August 2021.Methodology: Computer-generated random number tables were used to assign 130 females wo were scheduled for cesareansurgery to the Study or Control groups. The research group received TXA and regular treatment, while control group received just routine care. The gravimetric technique was used to determine blood loss in both groups. The percentage difference between hemoglobin levels before and after the operation was determined, the blood loss and percentage drop in hemoglobin were the primary outcome variables. The secondary outcomes of the study include the duration of operation, adverse effects, percentage of patients who lost more than 500ml blood and require for additional uterotonics. The outcome variables were compared using the unpaired t-test and the Chi-square test.Results: Blood loss was significantly lower in the study group from placental delivery until the end of the operation. In the study group, 5(9.3%) of patients had a drop in hemoglobin of more than 10%, whereas 25(39%) of subjects had a drop of more than 10% loss of blood in the process of Lower Segment Caesarean Section.Conclusion: TXA may be administered safely and successfully in Lower Segment Caesarean Section as its use was not linked to any adverse effects.
Relationship between retinal vein occlusion and ocular biometric parameters
Authors: Öztürk Caner , Duran Mustafa , Cevher Selim
Published: January 2025

Aims: To compare the biometric characteristics of eyes with unilateral retinal vein occlusion (RVO) with unaffected eyes of patients and eyes of healthy participants
Methods:The affected eyes (Group 1) and unaffected eyes (Group 2) of 57 patients with unilateral RVO and the right eyes of 57 healthy participants (Group 3) were included in the study. Axial length (AL), vitreous length (VL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and lens thickness (LT) measurements by ultrasonic biometry were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Mean AL was 22.61±0.89 mm in Group 1, 22.93±0.88mm in Group 2, and 23.10±0.90mm in Group 3. Mean AL was found to be lower in Group 1 compared to both Group 2 and Group 3 (p<0.001, p=0.005, respectively). Mean VL values were 15.28±1.11 mm in Group 1, 15.36±1.44 mm in Group 2, and 15.97±1.01 mm in Group 3. Mean VL was statistically significantly shorter in Group 1 than both Group 2 and Group 3 (p=0.026 and p=0.001, respectively). Mean VL was statistically significantly lower in Group 2 than in Group 3 (p=0.015). In Group 1, the mean ACD was 3.02±0.41 mm, in Group 2 the mean ACD was 3.15±0.50 mm, and in Group 3 the mean ACD was 3.01±0.32 mm. While the mean ACD of Group 1 was lower than that of Group 2 (p<0.001), there was no statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 3 and between Group 2 and Group 3 (p=0.696 and p=0.092, respectively). Mean LT was similar in all groups and no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p>0.05)
Conclusion: Ocular causes of RVO may include short AL and short VL.
Joanne Little Acted for Us All
Authors: Greene Christina
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores Black gender politics; and how the Joan Little case unleashed a pointed discussion among African American men and women in the civil rights and Black Power movements about race, rape, and gender. Appearing largely, though not exclusively, in African American publications, key voices included Elaine Brown and Huey Newton from the Black Panther Party, former Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) member Julian Bond, US Organization leader Maulauna (Ron) Karenga, Martin Luther King Jr.’s successor Ralph Abernathy, and National Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression co-chair Angela Davis. Set against the emergence of Black Power feminism; Black women’s critique of male chauvinism and sexism; and the history of white male sexual abuse of Black women, the discourse avoided the more difficult issue of intra-racial sexual violence.
Epilogue
Authors: Johnson Janiece
Published: January 2025

The enduring themes present as the story of the Mountain Meadows Massacre showed many Americans in the nineteenth century all they needed to know about the Mormons. It was a singular sin that eclipsed everything else. John D. Lee’s trial only began a multitude of expansions on the story of the meadows that flowered in the early 20th century in fictional forays and still endures into the 21st century in books, movies, and television. This troubling episode in American religious history sheds important light on the role of media and popular culture in provoking religious intolerance and continues to resonate in the present.
Introduction
Authors: Lee Wayne E.
Published: January 2025

This chapter introduces key contextual information about how Native Americans in the Eastern Woodlands lived. It uses the analytical frame of “demographic space” to describe how Indians lived in, modified, and claimed a landscape. Most Indian peoples lived in clusters of related villages, each with its own network of fields and paths, and that cluster was surrounded by a much larger zone claimed and used for hunting and/or gathering. The use of that space then set basic hopes and expectations for the outcome of war. This chapter also sets out key definitions of terms, including the “cutting-off way,” strategy, tactics, operations, and why those modern terms can help clarify our understanding of Native American strategic thinking. The chapter outlines the limits to the sources we have, but also explains how those sources can lead to clarity if used with caution.
Fortify, Fight, or Flee
Authors: Lee Wayne E.
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores and compares how two southeastern Native American societies responded to the challenge of defending their home territories against European incursions in the eighteenth century. As the Tuscaroras and the Cherokees learned more about their European opponents, they progressively adapted their defensive techniques. The Tuscaroras relied on increasingly elaborate fortifications, at first successfully, but ultimately leading to a disastrous defeat. The Cherokees, direct observers of the Tuscarora defeat, continued to use fortifications through the middle of the eighteenth century. As the European threat drew closer to their mountain homeland, however, they shifted to a strategy of dispersal, ambush, and attacks on supply trains.
Conclusion
Authors: Shepherd Lauren Lassabe
Published: January 2025

This chapter discusses the emergence of the former students of Young Americans for Freedom, College Republicans, the Intercollegiate Studies Institute, Campus Crusade for Christ, and others of the student Silent Majority into the political sphere under the banner of the New Right (a title they assumed as college students but which was not nationally recognized until after they joined the political world post-graduation). It details their ability to reshape American higher education through the same Astroturf financial backing and mentorship they received as students, especially through their continued campaign of defunding the academy. It includes a discussion of the Scranton Report and the Right’s legacy impediments to educational justice.
“I Hate Writing Letters!”: Social Portrait of Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas in His Correspondence
Authors: Kazlauskaitė Giedrė
Published: January 2025

The article purports to introduce the social background of the famous Lithuanian poet Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas, outlining his main social connections. Having surveyed the corpus of his correspondence, the author interprets the map of the social relationships maintained by the poet, attempting to establish the ways by which these letters could (and did) make impact on his literary creativity. The surveyed materials include egodocuments written from 1910 till 1967 and stored at the Lithuanian Archives of Literature and Art, Maironis Lithuanian Literature Museum in Kaunas, the manuscript collection of the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore, and the Vilnius University Library. The considerable amount of letters could be classified according to certain criteria: the addressees (family members, relatives, colleagues, classmates, strangers, editors and translators) and contents (businesslike, aimed at maintaining the relationships, egocentric, esthetical). The types of the addressees also shape the structure of the article, since this study is oriented at social analysis rather than at a historical survey.Letters enabling to establish bidirectional relationships functioned at that time as the most common form of communication, as well as means of learning the news and gaining emotional support. V. Mykolaitis-Putinas rarely initiated the correspondence himself; however, he felt obliged to answer the letters that he received, at least those from his acquaintances. Among the most interesting letters are those written by the admirers who were usually unrelated to the poet. These people expressed their admiration of the poet’s work, suggested translating it, sent their own creative attempts, and sometimes also criticized (albeit rarely and mostly anonymously). Why did these people write this, especially bearing in mind that in the Soviet period, when many in the occupied Lithuania did not dare discuss certain topics in writing and were even afraid to talk about them with family members? Some letters were received from abroad, or from places of deportation, but these were mostly attempts to establish businesslike connections or to seek help. The problems described in the letters left their mark in V. Mykolaitis-Putinas’ introspection, as testified by his diary from the later period (1961–1967). However, the diary is more open and literary, and much more frequently engages with metaphysical problems than the letters.
HAK PERDATA MASYARAKAT DESA KAYU DUJUNG DALAM PENYELESAIAN PEMECAHAN SERTIFIKAT TANAH KANTOR BADAN PERTANAHAN NASIONAL SINTANG
Authors: Ngebi Stefanus
Published: January 2025

Earth is god’s gift of earth. The Land is a vital for human being as sources of human welfare, life and happiness. The rupiah rose to Rp.9,310/9,329 per dollar in the Jakarta interbank spot market on Tuesday morning as investors bought the local unit. It creates a wide range of needs both in individual and in group, both for offices or institutions, provide fertility in the economic needs of food and clothing. People should live in land and building. Therefor, land ownership is important aspect as means to create an ownership of land certificate. the legality of land ownership is necessary in the light of a valid evidence. The only way to prove land ownership of every society is using land certificate. This study is designed in the form of juridical sociological approach. The nature of this study is a descriptive analysis that describes thoroughly the systematic objects of the subject matter. A deed of land issued by the National lands Agency (BPN).Keywords: civil rights, Land certificates
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA (KDRT) DI KECAMATAN SINTANG
Authors: Salim Kartika Agus
Published: January 2025

At the the case of of domestic violence, the perpetrator usually thinks that he is the highest in the family so that the perpetrator can arbitrarily do whatever he wants, the perpetrator deliberately and consciously in carrying out his actions against the victim.In sociological juridical approach method, law as a social institution that is linked to other social causes. A legal services and protection at Sintang Resort Police are enable the victims to use legal assisstance from advocates. In fact, it is not happen. The investigators coordinate with relevant agencies such as the Social Service and Protection of women and children to assist the victims of doestic violence. This aim to assist the victims at the investigation stage, prosecution, and trial. Furthermore, there are some of limitation faced on this case. The unsupported infrastructure, shelters that have not been well prepared, and the limited of police personnel (policewomen) in providing services to victims ofdomestic violence. Meanwhile, the responsibility for building a shelter is the authority of the Social Service of Sintang Regency, while the police are partners who are members of the P2TPA (Integrated Service Center for the Protection ofWomen and Children) in Sintang Regency.There are some Efforts nust be done through socializing the Law on Domestic Violence to the community. This community especially means the women of neighborhood unit, the Women’s Association, and seminars of family integrity by PPA SATRESKRIM Unit of the Sintang Resort Police. In conclusion, Sintang Police Resort has provided maximum protection to victims of domestic violence. The police officer are providing 1x24 hour service through coordination with the specialists doctors to make sure whether there are minor or serious injuries to the victim and asking social workers to assist when submitting a police report. There is no shelter house yet. The Efforts have been made to protect victims under applicable laws and regulations.