bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СТРУКТУРНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЦИКЛИЧЕСКОЙ ПРОЧНОСТИ СВАРНОГО УЗЛА ПАРОПЕРЕГРЕВАТЕЛЯ
Authors: (Alexander S. Zavorin) Заворин Александр Сергеевич , (Lyudmila L. Lyubimova) Любимова Людмила Леонидовна , (Alexander A. Tashlykov) Ташлыков Александр Анатольевич , (Konstantin V. Buvakov) Буваков Константин Владимирович
Published: April 2019

Актуальность исследования сварных узлов теплогенераторов связана с необходимостью увеличения надежности работы часто повреждаемых и наиболее ответственных узлов конструкций теплоэнергетического оборудования. Одним из факторов увеличения ресурса работоспособности является учет внутренних структурных напряжений, механизм формирования которых связан с развивающейся в процессе эксплуатации структурной неоднородностью и ресурсной структурной деградацией, приводящей к разрушению. Цель исследования: установление связей между накоплением структурной поврежденности, внутренними напряжениями и трещинообразованием под влиянием механических циклических нагрузок. Объект: сварной узел пароперегревателя, выполненный из низколегированной жаропрочной стали 12Х1МФ. Методы: физическое моделирование условий эксплуатации путем внешнего механического циклического деформирования, микроскопическое исследование морфологии поверхности, рентгенометрия деформированных образцов, оценка внутренних структурных напряжений, среднеквадратичных смещений атомов при деформировании и характеристической температуры. Результаты. Показана роль и влияние циклической нагрузки на разрушение, заключающиеся в волновом периодическом деформационном «упрочнении–разупрочнении» и в циклическом изменении внутренних структурных напряжений. Установлено, что в условиях переменного циклического нагружения характерным процессом является периодическая релаксация внутренних напряжений, соответствующая разрыву межатомных связей и образованию микроструктурно короткой трещины. По условиям релаксации, в соответствии с представлениями А. Гриффитса, установлено критическое напряжение раскрытия трещины. Значения среднеквадратичных смещений атомов и характеристическая температура при циклическом деформировании отражают структурные признаки пластичности, пористости и хрупкого состояния. Выводы. Предложена новая методология оценки предельных состояний околошовной зоны сварных соединений на основе использования установленных связей между внутренними напряжениями и накоплением структурной повреждаемости. Показано, что внутренние напряжения, колебательная амплитуда атомов Ū2 и характеристическая температура могут служить диагностическим признаком структурных превращений: признаком хрупкого разрушения является глубокая (до нуля) релаксация внутренних напряжений I рода; структурный признак пластичности проявляется повышенной амплитудой атомных смещений Ū2; а структурным признаком пористости является аномальное повышение колебательной амплитуды атомов Ū2 и уменьшение характеристической температуры.
APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROBLEMAS PARA OS CURSOS DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES DE SUA ADOÇÃO
Authors: Soares Sandro Vieira , Bulaon Christopher , Casa Nova Silvia Pereira de Castro , Picolli Ícaro Roberto Azevedo
Published: April 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender as dificuldades e vantagens encontradas por docentes em Ciências Contábeis que vivenciaram a adoção do problem-based learning. Para atingir esse objetivo, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, com entrevistas com especialistas. A análise das entrevistas foi realizada por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os achados mostraram que as principais dificuldades de adoção do PBL decorrem de fatores que envolvem desde a formação e experiência prévia dos estudantes até a demanda de trabalho extra por parte do decente, oriunda do tempo que dedica para planejar as aulas e preparar materiais didáticos. Por outro lado, os benefícios relatados englobam o desenvolvimento de habilidades para realização de pesquisa, trabalho em equipe, assunção de responsabilidades quanto ao próprio aprendizado, bem como exposição ao ambiente do mercado. A pesquisa concluiu que a adoção do PBL traz benefícios para os estudantes e promove um alinhamento entre a formação acadêmica e as demandas do mercado.
COMO ALUNOS DE CONTABILIDADE PERCEBEM A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE CONTADORES PARA A ADOÇÃO DE PRÁTICAS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE E DE GREEN IT NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES
Authors: Da Silva Raphael Junger , Gomes Mônica Zaidan , Sancovschi Moacir
Published: April 2019

Este estudo avaliou a importância de disciplinas sobre sustentabilidade e Tecnologia da Informação/Sistema de Informação (TI/SI) para formar a percepção de estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação stricto sensu em contabilidade, da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, no tema sustentabilidade em TI/SI. Os resultados confirmam os achados da literatura de que muitos alunos de contabilidade chegam ao final do curso sem ter nenhum contato com essas disciplinas e que, na percepção dos respondentes, a contribuição mais importante dos contadores para a sustentabilidade em TI/SI é controlar e avaliar o desempenho de indicadores físicos e financeiros de TI. Por outro lado, uma das contribuições menos importantes foi reportar desempenho ambiental.
FORUM SHOPPING EVIDENCE IN THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION: A SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS OF DISPUTES BETWEEN MEMBER STATES
Authors: Freitas Kenyth Alves de , Vilela Bruno de Almeida , Ferreira Rui Fernando Correia , Aprigio André Edson Ribeiro de Souza
Published: April 2019

The intensification of trade between countries has led to the need to regulate the conduct of trading partners. The World Trade Organization (WTO) forum emerged with the mission of arbitrating these disputes and making trade fairer. However, many countries choose not to participate in this forum because of the financial and legal resources required to conduct the proceedings. The purpose of this research was to verify how the relations within the WTO were configurated in 2014. We identified the dichotomy between central and emerging countries through the concept of forum shopping. The most important actors in the network were shown to be the United States and the European Union, whereas small economies had low participation, especially African and Central American countries. Thus, this study shows that many WTO’s members do not use its forum, which allows inferring they choose regional forums due to the restriction of resources.
Editorial
Authors: Machado Diego de Queiroz , Rocha Alane Siqueira , Moreira Márcia Zabdiele
Published: April 2019

Editorial em português. Apresentação em três idiomas.
Patrones de tinción de anticuerpos antinucleares identificados por Inmunofluorescencia indirecta en pacientes con enfermedad del tejido conectivo
Authors: Oliva-Menacho José Enrique , Arroyo- Acevedo Jorge Luis , Oliva-Candela José Arturo , García-Hjarles Marco Antonio
Published: April 2019

Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de patrones de tinción de anticuerpos antinucleares identificados por inmunofluorescencia indirecta en pacientes con enfermedad del tejido conectivo en un hospital de nivel III de Lima, Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio de tipo cuantitativo, observacional y transversal, realizado en el Servicio de Inmunología del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza entre enero 2017 y junio 2017. Se revisaron 291 historias clínicas de pacientes con enfermedad del tejido conectivo y con detección de los patrones de tinción de anticuerpos antinucleares en suero, usando la técnica de Inmunofluorescencia Indirecta. Resultados: La frecuencia de estudios de anticuerpos antinucleares fue 322 (100 %), los patrones de anticuerpos antinucleares fueron PCNA 6(1,86%), patrón homogéneo 109(33,85%), patrón centromérico 34(10,56%), patrón moteado 135(41,93%), patrón citoplasmático 25(7,76%), patrón nucleolar 9(2,80%), patrón NUMA 1- Huso Acromático 3(0,93%) y patrón lisosoma 1(0,31%). La positividad de anticuerpos antinucleares se determinó mayormente en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico 85(29.21%), esclerosis sistémica progresiva limitada (CREST) 34(11,68%), síndrome de Sjögren 77(26,46%), esclerodermia 15(5,15%), enfermedades mixtas del tejido conectivo72 (24,74%) y polimiositis 8 (2,75%). Conclusiones: Se encontró elevada frecuencia del patrón homogéneo y del patrón moteado en pacientes con enfermedad del tejido conectivo. El patrón homogéneo se asoció fuertemente al lupus eritematoso sistémico y el patrón moteado se asoció al síndrome de Sjögren. Por lo tanto, el método ANA-IFI puede reducir el gasto de un trabajo inmunológico detallado con una pérdida mínima en la exactitud diagnóstica de la enfermedad.
Hemangioma capilar lobular nasal. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Salazar-Minaya Ray , Boero-Zunino Gino
Published: April 2019

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 36 años, primigesta, quien en el cuarto mes de gestación presentó una lesión en la zona vestibular nasal derecha, secundaria a rinorrea acuosa por rinitis aguda viral; debido a la manipulación continua, la lesión sufría erosiones recurrentes y con el tiempo desarrolló una tumoración que creció hasta protruir hacia el exterior. La extirpación se realizó dos meses después del parto, y el estudio anátomo-patológico reveló hemangioma capilar lobular. Debido a que el lugar de presentación es inusual se reporta el caso y se realizó una revisión del tema.
Púrpura trombocitopénica trombótica sin esquistocitos
Authors: Guillén López Otto Barnaby
Published: April 2019

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Desafíos de la inclusión escolar del niño con autismo
Authors: Valdez-Maguiña Giannina , Cartolin-Príncipe Rocio
Published: April 2019

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Profesionalismo-e
Authors: Sarabia Silvana
Published: April 2019

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Depresión en pacientes adultos mayores de comunidades de altura, con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC).
Authors: Castro-Benites Valeria A. , Runzer-Colmenares Fernando M. , Parodi José F.
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de depresión y características sociodemográficas en pacientes adultos mayores con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC), viviendo en zonas de altura. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de carácter descriptivo en 16 pacientes con EPOC, de 60 o más años de edad, habitantes del altiplano andino (≥1500 m sobre el nivel del mar). Se analizaron las características sociodemográficas, nivel cognitivo, funcional, emocional y antecedentes personales de cada uno de los probandos. Resultados: El promedio de edad de los pacientes fue 72,1 años (DE 5,37), el 62,5% fueron mujeres, el 75% provenían de áreas rurales y el 81,2% eran analfabetos o tenían solo instrucción primaria incompleta. Entre las características clínicas, el 18,7% presentaban hipertensión arterial, el 12,5% presentaron diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y el 87,5% reportó no consumir tabaco. De acuerdo al Test de Yesavage, el 43,7% presentaban depresión y el 56,2% refirieron sentirse frecuentemente deprimidos. Conclusiones: Este estudio sugiere una alta frecuencia de depresión en pacientes con EPOC que habitan regiones de la altura andina.
Signo de la copa de vino: A propósito de un caso con esclerosis lateral primaria y demencia frontotemporal
Authors: Segura-Chávez Darwin , Torres-Ramírez Luis , Vélez-Rojas Miriam , Flores-Mendoza Martha
Published: April 2019

La esclerosis lateral primaria es muy poco frecuente, representa 2-4 % del grupo de enfermedades de motoneurona. Se caracteriza por espasticidad corticoespinal y síndrome pseudobulbar. La resonancia magnética nuclear muestra lesiones hiperintensas de secuencias potenciadas en T2; cuando el compromiso es bilateral, la imagen da la apariencia de “copa de vino”.  Caso clínico: Paciente varón de 56 años de edad, con un cuadro clínico de dos años de evolución, caracterizado por desinhibición, apatía, y  conducta social inapropiada. La  evolución clínica mostró criterios diagnósticos de esclerosis lateral primaria y de demencia frontotemporal.  La resonancia magnética de encéfalo, protocolo T2, corte coronal reveló el compromiso bilateral de los haces cortico-espinales desde el centro semioval hasta las pirámides bulbares semejando la imagen en “copa de vino”. Aunque infrecuente, el caso muestra la posible asociación de Esclerosis Lateral Primaria (ELP) con demencia frontotemporal;  la imagen en “copa de vino” puede estar presente en enfermedad de motoneurona y, cuando particularmente asociada a ELP, puede ser de gran ayuda en el diagnostico diferencial con otras entidades crónicas de curso clínico similar.
Psicosis postictal con delusiones de contenido religioso: reporte de caso
Authors: Barreto-Acevedo Elliot , Barreto-Barra Leila , Villafuerte-Espinoza Mirla , Díaz-Vásquez Alberto , Becerra-Zegarra Alicia , Hernández-Vizarreta José , Llaja-Rojas Victoria
Published: April 2019

Desde la antigüedad se han descrito manifestaciones de religiosidad peri-ictal en epilepsia. Es frecuente la psicopatología asociada a epilepsia; entre otras manifestaciones, la psicosis asociada a epilepsia ha sido reportada aunque con menor frecuencia que la depresión y la ansiedad; en especial la psicosis postictal. El uso del monitoreo prolongado con Video- EEG en los últimos años  ha permitido estudiar mejor estas manifestaciones. Presentamos un caso de epilepsia del lóbulo temporal farmacorresistente, con un episodio de psicosis postictal caracterizado por delusiones de contenido religioso. Se realizó un estudio detallado que incluyó resonancia de encéfalo y Video-EEG prolongado; revisamos la literatura y los mecanismos fisiopatogénicos propuestos para este fenómeno postictal.
Innovative applications of Waste Cooking Oil as Raw Material
Authors: Mannu Alberto , Ferro Monica , Di Pietro Maria Enrica , Mele Andrea
Published: April 2019

The consideration toward Waste Cooking Oils (WCOs) is changing from hazardous waste to valuable raw material for industrial application. During the last five years some innovative processes based on the employment of recycled WCO have appeared in the literature. In the present review article, the most recent applications of recycled Waste Cooking Oil are reported and discussed. These include the production of bio-plasticizers, the application of chemicals derived from WCOs as energy vectors, and the use of WCOs as solvent for pollutant agents.
NGF Induces Proliferation and Aggressiveness In Prostate Cancer Cells.
Authors: Di Donato Marzia , Cernera Gustavo , Migliaccio Antimo , Castoria Gabriella
Published: April 2019

Resistance to hormone therapy and disease progression is the major challenge in clinical management of prostate cancer (PC). Drugs currently used in PC therapy initially show a potent antitumor effect. Nevertheless, PC gradually develops resistance, relapses and spreads. Most patients develop, indeed, castrate-resistant PC (CRPC), which is almost incurable. The nerve growth factor (NGF) acts on a variety of non-neuronal cells by activating the NGF tyrosine-kinase receptor, TrkA. NGF signaling is deregulated in PC. In androgen-dependent PC cells, TrkA mediates the proliferative action of NGF through its cross talk with the androgen receptor (AR). Epithelial PC cells, however, acquire the ability to express NGF and TrkA, as the disease progresses, indicating a role for NGF/TrkA axis in PC progression and androgen-resistance. We here report that once activated by NGF, TrkA mediates proliferation, invasiveness and epithelial-mesenchyme transition (EMT) in various CRPC cells. NGF promotes organoid growth in 3D models of CRPC cells, and specific inhibition of TrkA impairs all these responses. Thus TrkA represents a new biomarker to target in CRPC.
Mutaciones de los materiales y las prácticas de lectura en la enseñanza de la Historia hoy
Authors: Massone Marisa Raquel
Published: April 2019

Este artículo analiza el papel de los libros de texto y otros materiales escolares en la enseñanza de Historia, en la escuela media en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, en el marco de una investigación doctoral en curso. Los resultados revelan una profunda transformación de los libros de texto aún en el soporte papel al tiempo que éstos o sus fragmentos fotocopiados en papel siguen teniendo una extraordinaria vigencia. Sin embargo, se combinan cada vez más con una diversidad de materiales en aumento: documentales, páginas web y Wikipedia en orden de importancia. Estas transformaciones están generando mutaciones en las prácticas de lectura en las clases de historia, convirtiendo a los profesores en mediadores de la información histórica entre libros y pantallas.
Modificações estruturais nas redes de arrasto de camarão: percepção dos pescadores e implicações para a gestão em uma área marinha protegida
Authors: PORTELLA Guilherme D'Orey Gaivão , MEDEIROS Rodrigo Pereira
Published: April 2019

O artigo compreende uma análise das percepções dos pescadores sobre adotar modificações estruturais para a redução do bycatch (BRD) numa Área Marinha Protegida (AMP) do sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados incluiu arrastos demonstrativos com pescadores de média escala (acima de 45HP), oficinas devolutivas e entrevistas sobre a diní­¢mica da pesca e eficiência dos BRDs. As oficinas devolutivas compreenderam uma análise participativa do desempenho do BRD e possibilidades e obstáculos para a sua adoção. Pescadores concordaram com os resultados do BRD, bem como a continuidade de pesquisa para melhorar a redução de juvenis na fauna acompanhante. Percepções negativas da redução do bycatch comercializável afetaram a aceitação e são desafios í­Â  gestão pesqueira. Contudo, a abordagem participativa estimulou iniciativas colaborativas para melhorar a gestão, a aprendizagem institucional e o engajamento dos pescadores para pesca artesanal responsável. A experiência analisada pode servir de piloto para pesquisas futuras e gestão em outras AMPs.
Efeito da seca e da variação espacial na abundí­¢ncia de indiví­­duos nas guildas tróficas da ictiofauna em um reservatório no Semiárido Brasileiro
Authors: OLIVEIRA Jônnata Fernandes de , COSTA Rodrigo Silva da , NOVAES José Luís Costa , REBOUÇAS Luzia Geize Fernandes , MORAIS-SEGUNDO Antonio Luiz Nogueira de , PERETTI Danielle
Published: April 2019

A abundí­¢ncia de indiví­­duos que compõem as guildas tróficas de peixes pode ser regida por modificações temporais e espaciais, considerando que perí­­odos e locais distintos dispõem de diferentes condições bióticas e abióticas. Assim, verificou-se o efeito da seca e das diferenças espaciais na abundí­¢ncia de indiví­­duos nas guildas tróficas da ictiofauna do reservatório de Pau dos Ferros, Rio Grande do Norte. Foram coletados peixes em quatro pontos, nos meses de fevereiro, maio, agosto e novembro de 2012. Após a captura, identificação e biometria, os itens alimentares dos estômagos e intestinos foram identificados e os seus volumes, estimados. Foi calculado o Índice Alimentar (IAi), sendo seus valores utilizados para determinar as guildas tróficas. Depois, verificou-se a similaridade entre as espécies das guildas tróficas. O número de indiví­­duos que compõem as guildas foi utilizado em uma matriz de similaridade, e os resultados desse procedimento foram ordenados em análises de escalonamento multidimensional não métrico (NMDS), para avaliar a distribuição temporal e espacial das guildas. As espécies foram classificadas em quatro guildas tróficas: insetí­­vora, detrití­­vora/iliófaga, herbí­­vora e piscí­­vora. Com base nessa classificação foi constatado que o perí­­odo de seca e a estrutura dos pontos de coleta favoreceram o estabelecimento das guildas insetí­­vora e detrití­­vora/iliófaga ao longo dos meses e pontos estudados, uma vez que o reservatório de Pau dos Ferros é um ambiente eutrofizado e de baixa profundidade, com alta produtividade primária e grande disponibilidade de insetos, detritos e sedimentos.
Performance of Centropomus parallelus fingerlings fed a diet supplemented with citrate and acetate
Authors: SILVA Bruno Corrêa da , DUTRA-MOURIÑO Scheila , MOURIÑO José Luiz P. , CARVALHO Cristina , CERQUEIRA Vinicius Ronzani
Published: April 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the addition of sodium acetate and sodium citrate in the diets of fingerling fat snook (Centropomus parallelus), through growth performance and modification of the intestinal microbiota. In the experiment, 3,000 fat snook fingerlings were used, with an initial average weight of 0.57 Â± 0.10 g. The fish were stocked into 12 tanks (50 L) at a density of 5 fingerlings L-1 per tank distributed in three treatments with four replicates. The treatments were as follows: control group (without supplementation), one group supplemented with sodium acetate, and another group supplemented with sodium citrate. The diets supplemented with organic salts were sprayed with cod liver oil previously homogenized with 3% sodium acetate or sodium citrate. The fish supplemented with sodium acetate showed higher final weight, length, and yield, compared with the control group fish. The intestine of fingerling fat snook showed lower counts of total heterotrophic marine bacteria in the fish supplemented with acetate and citrate in relation to fish of the control group. Lower counts of sucrose non-fermenting vibrios were also observed in fish supplemented with acetate. Through this study, it was possible to evaluate for the first time the dietary inclusion of organic salts in the diets of marine fish in Brazil, with the dietary inclusion of 3% sodium acetate showing benefits for performance of fingerling fat snook.
THE SHARED SPACE STREET FACTORS OF COMMERCIAL CORRIDOR IN PEMUDA STREET, MAGELANG CITY
Authors: Setyowati Marcelina Dwi
Published: April 2019

Shared space street design is a concept that eliminates the segregation and physical marker of the path difference of a street corridor, creating uncertainty that will make the rider reduce the speed of his vehicle, those required to be more tolerant with other users. Aims to reduce the dominance of vehicles by sharing road space between pedestrians, non-motorized vehicles and motor vehicles, but pedestrians are a primary priority. The existing condition of Pemuda street corridor, which is a commercial corridor in Magelang city, shows that the dominance of existing motor vehicles resulted in the movement of pedestrians from the western sidewalk to the eastern sidewalks are limited, resulting in a gap in the number of pedestrians on each sidewalk. Since 2011 until now Pemuda street Corridor has sidewalks on the eastern which concept is to be in one lane with non-motorized lanes (pedicabs, bicycles, carts etc.), so it has a width of up to 5 meters. It shows the characteristics that lead to the concept of shared space street. The purpose of this research is to find the factors that can influence the development of shared space street concept in order to solve the problems that arise. The research method used is qualitative deductive method. This research found that the factors that influence the development of shared space street in Pemuda street are comfort, connectivity, diversity, livability, and identity
STRATEGY OF GREEN DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION FOR OPTIMIZING OF THE NATURAL VENTILATION AT HIGH-RISE BUILDING
Authors: Budi Juliana Bekti Susilaning , Fifthariski Khairunnisa , Yuliani Sri , Setyaningsih Wiwik
Published: April 2019

The natural air conditioning in the medical school building hall of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret needs to be optimized in order to achieve maximum thermal comfort. Optimal natural stability with the support of green space within a building can increase the level of comfort that supports user activity. The purpose of the research is to optimize the natural system applied in the building that is on the void located in the middle of the building by providing green space placed on the hall of the building so as to provide maximum thermal comfort on the user building according to principles in architectural design . This research used qualitative method based on literartur study, field observation and interview result with user of doctor building of Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University. The expected result from the provision of green space in the hall space of the building is the optimal natural innate in the building so that the building users feel comfortable in the move.
THE USE OF SPACE ON LIVING HOUSE AS A HAND DRAWN BATIK BUSINESS IN TOURIST VILLAGE OF BATIK TULIS LASEM
Authors: Wijaya Arief Satya , Murtini Titien Woro , Rukayah R Siti
Published: April 2019

Batik workers in Babagan Village work in the room used in together with household activities. Working on batik does not require special space and can use any space. The utilization of space is analyzed by theory of the basic form of space, the nature of space, type of space and productive house. The method used in this research is qualitative method. There are 9 batik workers who become observation units to obtain information needed in the research. There is some space that is used for batik these are kitchen, yard, terrace, dining room, and living room, so batik can be done in public space, semi public and service room but not done in private space because pollution, lighting and natural air still less. Determination of space utilization based on its location close to kitchen, toilet, and tool or materials storage room, no pollution, no exposed to rain splashes, there is space that can use while taking care of children, has enough room. There is no batik space at batik workers' house, which is a place to make batik. Space has sufficient the extent of space required for the process of batik (nyanting). While the type of business space is a combination of mixed types and separate types.
Javanese Ethnic Local Wisdom in Farmer Community Folklore in South Coastal Area of Kebumen, Central Java By MV Sri Hartini HS
Authors: Hartini Sri
Published: April 2019

Abstract

This research aimed to describe the Javanese ethnic local wisdom in farmer community folklore of South coastal area of Kebumen. The problems studied were how the existence of folklore was in farmer community folklore of South coastal area of Kebumen and what local wisdoms were implied in their folklore. The data analyzed was oral folklore consisting of four criteria, partially oral folklore constituting farming sector rite, and non-oral folklore constituting food, drugs, and traditional house. The approach method used was an ethnographic descriptive qualitative with ethnoscientific analysis model. The data was collected using in-depth interview with selected informant. The sample of research was the farmer community of South coastal area of Kebumen Regency. The result of research showed that folklore in farmer community contained local wisdoms: 1) local cultural, 2) local spiritual. 3) local educative, 4) local symbolic, 5) local economic, 6) local practical, and local historic. In addition to containing local wisdom, folklore also served as education to the next generation as preserving the wisdom inherent to farmer environment.

Keywords: local wisdom, folklore
THE ANALYSIS OF NON-LITERAL MEANING IN CHRISTMAS CAROL BY CHARLES DICKENS
Authors: B.B. Nimanuho Maria Salvatrix
Published: April 2019

This study investigates non-literal meaning in ‘Christmas Carol’ story written by a famous British author, Charles Dickens. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The data were taken or collected from words, phrases, and sentences on ‘Christmas Carol’ novella, without reducing, adding, or changing any parts from the original source.  The data were analyzed to answer three research questions: (1) What types of non-literal meaning are found in Christmas Carol story? (2) What are the interpretations of those non-literal meanings found in Christmas Carol story? (3) What is the most dominant type of non-literal meaning found in Christmas Carol story? In order to avoid bias, validator triangulation was used. The study found 11 idiom, 14 Simile, 6 Hyperbole, 6 Alliteration, 5 Personification, 3 Anaphora, 3 Onomatopoeia, 2 Irony, 2 Synecdoche, 2 Sarcasm, 1 Metaphor, and 1 Litotes. Simile was the non-literal meaning’s type which was mostly used in the story, although the percentage was still less than 50%. These findings indirectly could help the readers to understand deeper the message or the story that the author wants to convey. It is suggested for future researchers to investigate the non-literal meaning of others literary works such as tale, folklore, fairy tale, short-story, fable, etc. and media such as movie, drama, speech script etc. It is because other type of non-literal meaning and different ways of using them could be found in these literary works and media. This study will improve our understanding about non-literal meaning.  

 

Keywords: Semantics, Non-Literal meaning, Christmas Carol, Novella, Charles Dickens
THE ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS SPOKEN BY MALANG TOURIST INFORMATION CENTER’S CUSTOMER SERVICES
Authors: Setiorini Linda
Published: April 2019

This research analyzes the grammatical errors in spoken English of customer services of Malang Tourist Information Center. The objectives of this research are to determine the types of errors and the cause of errors spoken by the customer services. The data were collected from four customer services by recording their conversation between them and the tourists. The study only focuses on the customer service’s utterances. The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research and the instrument is researcher herself. The finding of this research showed that the most dominant error was error of omission with 44 numbers (44%), followed by error of selection with 38 numbers (35%), error of ordering with 14 numbers (12%), and error of addition with 8 numbers (9%). The research also investigated that the causes of errors spoken by customer services were interlingua and intralingua transfer. Interlingua transfer was considered as the major cause of errors of customer services of Malang Tourist Information Center.

 

Keywords: grammatical errors, error analysis, utterances
INTERNET LITERACY: AN ANALYSIS ON ITS POSSIBILITY
Authors: M.Pd. Maria Purnawati
Published: April 2019

As technology emerges so fast and the demands of curriculum to integrate technology and innovation into classrooms, teachers are pushed to penetrate technology and bring the internet to everyday talks with the students. In accordance, using the euphoria of digital natives, students are also pushed to absorb and adjust themselves to growth of technology. In turn, there is no specific course on the use of the internet like the 90s curriculum had in the university level. However, the fact that not so many students bring laptop to campus everyday might indicate that they did not use the internet for learning outside classroom intensively. This study aims at describing how much internet literacy that students have. After analyzing the questionnaire descriptively, it was found that the participants of this study had poor internet literacy, in terms of the use of email, the use of social media, and the use of English in social media.

 

Keywords: internet literacy, descriptive, poor category
THE EFFECT OF SQ3R STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Yunensia Ovi Adila Duvis Nava
Published: April 2019

The objective of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of SQ3R strategy on students’ reading comprehension at State Junior High School 2 of Bululawang. The study used quantitative method with quasi-experimental design because there were two different groups for the samples namely experimental and control group and also the researcher gave different treatment for both experimental and control group. For experimental group the researcher taught by using SQ3R strategy while for control group the researcher taught by using skimming-scanning strategy. The researcher took VII A as control group and VIID as experimental group by using flipping coin. The instrument of this study was a reading test conducted twice as a pretest and post-test and the supporting instrument was a questionnaire. The results of hypothesis test showed that significance value was 0.000. So, there was a significance effect of SQ3R strategy on students’ reading comprehension at State Junior High School 2 of Bululawang. In other words, SQ3R strategy was effective and applicable for seventh grade students at State Junior High School 2 of Bululawang specifically on descriptivetext. Indeed, this strategy is recommended for teachers and students in learning English especially in reading skill to increase the students’ reading comprehension and stimulate the students’ activeness during teaching-learning process.

Key Words: SQ3R Strategy, English Language Skill, Reading Comprehension.
Modeling Dynamic Behaviors of Complex Fractures in Conventional Reservoir Simulators
Authors: Xu Yifei , Yu Wei , Sepehrnoori Kamy
Published: April 2019

Field data have shown the decline of fracture conductivity during reservoir depletion. In addition, refracturing and infill drilling have recently gained much attention as efficient methods to enhance recovery in shale reservoirs. However, current approaches present difficulties in efficiently and accurately simulating such processes, especially for large-scale cases with complex hydraulic and natural fractures.

In this study, a general numerical method compatible with existing simulators is developed to model dynamic behaviors of complex fractures. The method is an extension of an embedded discrete-fracture model (EDFM). With a new set of EDFM formulations, the nonneighboring connections (NNCs) in the EDFM are treated as regular connections in traditional simulators, and the NNC transmissibility factors are linked with gridblock permeabilities. Hence, manipulating block permeabilities in simulators can conveniently control the fluid flow through fractures. Complex dynamic behaviors of hydraulic fractures and natural fractures can be investigated using this method.

The proposed methodology is implemented in a commercial reservoir simulator in a nonintrusive manner. We first present one synthetic case study in a shale-oil reservoir to verify the model accuracy and then combine the new model with field data to demonstrate its field applicability. Subsequently, four field-scale case studies with complex fractures in two and three dimensions are presented to illustrate the applicability of the method. These studies involve vertical- and horizontal-well refracturing in tight reservoirs, infill drilling, and fracture activation in a naturally fractured reservoir. The proposed approach is combined with empirical correlations and geomechanical criteria to model stress-dependent fracture conductivity and natural-fracture activation. It also shows convenience in dynamically adding new fractures or extending existing fractures during simulation. Results of these studies further confirm the significance of dynamic fracture behaviors and fracture complexity in the analysis and optimization of well performance.
Randomized comparative study between classic laryngeal mask airway and I gel Airway in obese patients having BMI 35-40 during elective non-abdominal surgery
Authors: Khair Tamer Mohamed , Belita Mohamed Ibrahim , Seleem Ahmed Abdelaziz , Atta Ehab Mohi , Salem Ahmed Essam , Osman Safinaz Hassan , Ali Norhan Abdelaleem , Farag Ahmed , Ibrahim Ahmed Shaker , Abdelrahman Reham Ali , Fahmy Rania Samir , Abdalla Shady Rady , Helmy Nadia Yossif , Elsayed Fatma Ibrahim , Mohamed Ahmed Abdalla
Published: April 2019

The authors have removed this preprint from Research Square.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome presenting as convexity subarachnoid haemorrhage and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome during postpartum: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yuan Junliang , Jia Zejin , Qin Wei , Hu Wenli
Published: April 2019

Background

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterized by thunderclap headache and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction, with other neurologic signs and symptoms. To the best of our knowledge, there were only a few cases of RCVS presenting both as both convexity subarachnoid haemorrhage (cSAH) and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).

Case presentation

Herein, We report a case of a 32-year-old woman with RCVS who presented with recurrent thunderclap headaches that occurred 50 days after delivery, with cSAH and PRES on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). She had significant clinical and radiological recover with 3 months’ follow-up.

Conclusions

The clinical coexistence of cSAH and PRES in our case with RCVS is quite rare. This case further raises the importance of the early diagnosis of RCVS, and clinical physicians should be well recognized when initial brain and vascular imaging are normal.
Regional differences in citizens' water behaviors: a comparative study of typical cities based on AMOS
Authors: Wang Yanrong , Tian Kang , Wang Han , Zhang Binbin
Published: April 2019

At present, the urban water issue has attracted great attention from government. The transition from ‘engineering measures’ to ‘human behaviors’ is a new angle for water resources protection in the new era. In this paper, 12 characterization parameters were obtained based on the analysis of characteristics of residents' water behaviors. Beijing and Shanghai are selected as the representative cities in the north and south regions respectively, and a questionnaire about residents' water behaviors, which includes three basic personal characteristics and 12 indicators, was prepared. By using a structural equation model, a comparative study on the differences of the impact paths of characterization parameters of residents' water behavior in two cities was discussed. Finally, suggestions are proposed on the basis of the evaluation model and the results of analysis. The results showed that: Beijing had similar impacting paths in Ecological Water Environment management behaviors and persuasive behaviors to Shanghai. There were obvious differences in residents' water behaviors impact paths by basic individual characteristics, consuming behaviors and legal behaviors in Beijing and Shanghai. Finally, suggestions are proposed on the basis of the evaluation model and the results of analysis.
Agar-agar impregnated on porous activated carbon as a new adsorbent for Pb(II) removal
Authors: Saidi Sabrine , Boudrahem Farouk , Yahiaoui Idris , Aissani-Benissad Farida
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a new sorbent, agar-agar (AA), impregnated on porous activated carbon (AC) – and its Pb(II) sorption properties. The influence of impregnation ratio (AA/AC) on the Pb(II) ion sorption properties is studied in order to optimize this parameter. The developed AC-AA shows substantial capability to sorb Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions and 75% represents the optimal impregnation ratio. The AC-AA sorbent with impregnation ratio of 75% was characterized by a liquid displacement method, point of zero charge pH (pHPZC), scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of parameters such as sorbent dosage, pH, agitation time and initial Pb(II) concentration on Pb(II) removal were examined. In addition, sorption kinetics and sorption isotherms were determined. The maximum uptake of Pb(II) was about 242 mg/g at 25 °C, pH 5 and initial Pb(II) concentration of 100 mg/L. The kinetic data were fitted to the models of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order, and the experimental results follow closely the pseudo-second-order model. The results also reveal that the experimental equilibrium is very close to those predicted by the Freundlich model. The developed AC-AA exhibits high Pb(II) sorption capacity, offering possibilities for future practical use.
Cadmio y arsénico en chocolate y arroz de Quito, Guayaquil y Cuenca – Ecuador
Authors: Tierra W , Otero X.L , Ruales J , Maldonado–Alvarado P
Published: April 2019

El cadmio (Cd) y arsénico (As) son elementos presentes a lo largo de la cordillera de los Andes. Estos elementos representan un riesgo para la salud humana debido a las afectaciones para la salud que puede ocasionar la permanente exposición a estos elementos, los cuales pueden estar presentes alimentos como el chocolate y el arroz. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo la evaluación de las concentraciones totales de arsénico y Cden chocolates, arroz, suelos y granos de cacao con el fin de identificar el grado de contaminación presente en estos alimentos. Las muestras de chocolate fueron recolectadas en Ecuador, en las provincias de Quito, Guayaquil y Cuenca, mientras que el arroz fue recolectado en la provincia del Guayaquil. Las muestras fueron procesadas y analizadas mediante la técnica de Espectroscopia de Absorción Atómica por Horno de Grafito (GFAAS). Las muestras de chocolate, únicamente una sobrepasó el límite máximo de 0,8 mg/kg para el Cd para consumo humano, mientras que las muestras de arroz no sobrepasaron el límite de máximo de 0,4 mg/kg. El arsénico en las muestras de chocolate presentó concentraciones inferiores al límite de detección, mientras que las muestras de arroz no sobrepasaron el límite de 0,2 mg/kg para consumo humano. En los suelos de cacao, unas de veinte muestras de Guayaquil sobrepasaron el límite de 0,50 mg/kg, mientras que, de las muestras, en particular de una hacienda aledaña a la ciudad de Quito, cinco de doce muestras sobrepasan el límite de Cd, pero las muestras de cacao allí encontradas no sobrepasaron el límite de 0,8 mg/kg. A partir de los resultados se concluye que no existe riesgo en las muestras de chocolate y arroz para la salud humana.
Nurse-Driven mHealth Implementation Using the Technology Inpatient Program for Smokers (TIPS): Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Blok Amanda C , Sadasivam Rajani S , Hogan Timothy P , Patterson Angela , Day Nicole , Houston Thomas K
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND

Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death and disease, yet implementation of smoking cessation in inpatient settings is inconsistent. The Technology Inpatient Program for Smokers (TIPS) is an implementation program designed to reach smokers with a mobile health (mHealth) intervention using stakeholder-supported strategies.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the TIPS implementation strategies on smoker-level engagement of the mHealth intervention during care transition.

METHODS

We examined varying intensities (passive motivational posters only and posters + active nurse-led facilitation) of TIPS strategies on four hospital units located in two sites. Unit-level and smoker-level adoption was monitored during active implementation (30 weeks) and sustainability follow-up (30 weeks). Process measures reflecting the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, stakeholder reported adaptations of strategies, and formative evaluation data were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS

For our smoker-level reach, 103 smokers signed up for the mHealth intervention in-hospital, with minimal decline during sustainability follow-up. While posters + nurse facilitation did not lead to higher reach than posters alone during active implementation (27 vs 30 signed up), it did lead to higher engagement of smokers (85.2% vs 73.3% completion of the full 2-week intervention). TIPS strategy adoption and fidelity varied by unit, including adoption of motivational posters (range: weeks 1 and 5), fidelity of posters (0.4% to 16.2% of posters missing per unit weekly) and internal facilitation of nurse training sessions (average of 2 vs 7.5 by site). Variable maintenance costs of the program totaled US $6.63 (US $683.28/103) per smoker reached. Reported family-member facilitation of mHealth sign-up was an observation of unintended behavior.

CONCLUSIONS

TIPS is a feasible and low-cost implementation program that successfully engages smokers in an mHealth intervention and sustains engagement after discharge. Further testing of nurse facilitation and expanding reach to patient family and friends as an implementation strategy is needed.
Survival Rate of Gastric Cancer Patients in Jordan: Secondary Data Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Aqel Ashraf , Khader Yousef , Arqoub Kamal , Nimri Omar
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer accounts for 2.7% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases in Jordan.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to calculate the survival rate and its determinants among Jordanian patients who were diagnosed with gastric cancer between 2010 and 2014.

METHODS

A descriptive study was conducted based on secondary analysis of data from the Jordan Cancer Registry during the period of 2010-2014. Only cancer-related deaths were recorded as “death” in the survival analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 1388 new cases of gastric cancer were recorded between 2010 and 2014. Of these, 872 (62.8%) were Jordanians and 60.5% were males. The mean age at diagnosis was 58.9 years and the median follow-up time was 1.6 years. The 5-year survival rate decreased significantly from 89% in patients with well-differentiated cancer to 32% in patients with poorly differentiated cancer (P=.005). The overall 5-year survival rate was 37.7% and the median survival was 1.48 years (95% CI 1.179-1.783). The 5-year survival rate decreased significantly with increasing age and with advanced stage of the disease: the 5-year survival rate was 75% for localized-stage, 48% for regional-stage, and 22.7% for distant-metastasis disease (P=.005).

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed that the overall 5-year survival rate among patients with gastric cancer in Jordan between 2010 and 2014 was 37.7%, which is higher than the reported rates from different countries in the Eastern Mediterranean region such as Egypt.
REFERENCES OF PROPER NAMES AS THE PROBLEM OF CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
Authors: Cherniak A Z
Published: April 2019

This article investigates the idea that meanings of proper names are their references which is popular in the philosophy of language. The aim is to show, first, that there is no satisfactory answer to the question “How references as stable relations between words and objects appear, due to accomplishment of what conditions these properties of linguistic expressions may be produced?”, and, second, that we can still use the notion of reference in our explanations of some effects of communication if we treat reference as pragmatic rather than semantic phenomenon. The actuality of this research is provided by the fact that the identification of meanings of certain types of terms, proper names first of all, with their references is still very influential account in the philosophy of language. The author uses the methods of historical exposition and philosophical analysis of the main theories of reference, such as theory of descriptions and causal theory of reference. It is shown that these theories in their different modifications fail to explain how references as semantic relations between proper names and their bearers may be produced in the course of communication and social interaction. But although there are alternative concepts of the nature meanings of proper names it is concluded that we still may apply the notion of reference in our explanations of natural language communication if we treat reference as pragmatic effect caused by mutual coordination of actions achieved by the participants of certain communicative situation.
THE EMBODIMENT OF SOCIAL VALUES IN MYTHOLOGY: THE AXIOLOGICAL CONTEXT OF THE WORKS OF JOHN R.R. TOLKIEN
Authors: Popov D A
Published: April 2019

The article deals with the mythological creativity of G.R.R. Tolkien as a socio-cultural phenomenon associated with the values of European culture. The author proceeds from the hypothesis that the myth is the embodiment of social identity, this function it retains after the loss of its ideological functions. The revival of literary mythology in the XIX-XX centuries there is an attempt to update this feature of the myth. The success of the literary myth is due to the fact that he was able to absorb and Express the basic values of society. Tolkien’s work is one of the successful examples of the literary embodiment of socially significant values, combining both traditional values and value formations characteristic of the modern era. The article shows that Tolkien’s work has organically absorbed the pagan basis, the Christian attitude, and the values characteristic of the XX century. Pagan heroic principle, Christian mercy, the idea of freedom, democracy-all this is organically intertwined in the works of Tolkien, their success is due to the harmony of the whole range of social attitudes represented in the European consciousness of the mid XX century. Currently, the decline in interest in Tolkien is a reflection of the change of value preferences of European culture.