bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AKŞEHİR NASRETTİN HOCA MEZARLIĞI’NDAN BEYLİKLER VE OSMANLI DÖNEMİNE AİT MEZAR TAŞI ÖRNEKLERİ
Authors: BAŞBAY Başak
Published: December 2020

Türk-İslam sanatında mezar taşı geleneği Türklerin var oldukları dönemden itibaren önem taşımıştır. Mezar yerlerinin kaybolmaması, kolay bulunabilmesi için dikilen taşlar Türk kültürü ve geleneği ile birleşerek ortaya en güzel örneklerin çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. İslamiyet öncesi Türklerde mezar kültü, ölümden sonraki yaşamın devam edeceği yönündeki düşüncelerle gelişmiştir ve bu düşünceyi destekler nitelikte mezarlar yapmışlardır. Kurgan denilen bu mezar yapıları, Hun Dönemi’yle başlayıp, Göktürk ve Uygur Dönemlerinde de varlığını sürdürmüştür. Türklerin İslamiyet’i kabul etmeleriyle anıtsal mezar yapma geleneği türbe ve kümbetler olarak devam etmiştir. Mezarlara erken dönemlerde dikilen basit kaya parçaları, yerleşik hayata tamamen geçilmesiyle yerini daha sanatsal taşlara bırakmıştır. Türklerin 1071 yılında Anadolu’ya yerleşmeleri, kendi gelenek, kültür ve sanatlarının da zamanla Anadolu’ya yayılması hızla devam etmiştir. Türklerin Anadolu’ya gelmeden önce İslamiyet’le tanışması, beraberinde sanat ve kültür alanında da değişiklikler gösterilmesine sebep olmuştur. Araştırmanın konusunu oluşturan mezar taşları, birçok medeniyete yüzyıllar boyunca ev sahipliği yapmış, Selçuklunun başkenti Konya’nın Akşehir ilçesinde Nasrettin Hoca Mezarlığı’nda yer almaktadır. Taşların bulundukları konum bile taşların büyük ölçüde önemini vurgulamaya yeterlidir. “Akşehir Nasrettin Hoca Mezarlığı’ndan Beylikler ve Osmanlı Dönemi’ne ait mezar taşı Örnekleri’’ başlıklı çalışmada, Akşehir Nasrettin Hoca Mezarlığı’nda yer alan 15 adet mezar taşının incelemesi yapılmıştır.  Araştırmanın amacı, incelenen mezar taşlarını tüm ayrıntıları ile tanıtılıp, fotoğraf ve çizimlerle desteklenerek, eserlerin literatüre kazandırılmasıdır.
MESNEVÎ’DE RUH VE BEDEN TASAVVURLARI
Authors: YILDIRIM Ali
Published: December 2020

Ruh ve ruhun bedenle olan ilişkisi felsefe, din ve diğer düşünce sistemlerinin sıklıkla üzerinde durdukları konulardan olmuştur. Ruhun ezelî ve ebedî olup olmaması, mahiyeti, bedene nispetle niteliği en çok tartışılan konulardan olmuştur. İslam dininin ruh anlayışında şüphesiz Kur’an’daki ayetlerin bağlayıcı bir yönü bulunmaktadır. Ancak bununla birlikte İslam çatısı altında da farklı düşünceler ortaya çıkmıştır. Özellikle tasavvuf anlayışı, ruhların ezelde yaratıldığı, Allah’ın “kendi ruhumdan üfledim” ayeti bağlamında ilahî ruhun bir tarafının bulunduğu düşüncesini ön plana çıkarmıştır. Buna karşı bazı İslam bilginleri, ruhun insanın ana rahminde, cenin hâlinin belli bir safhasından itibaren yaratıldığı tezini ileri sürmüşlerdir. Mesnevî’de ruh beden ikilisi ve bunların birbiriyle olan münasebetleri ile ilgili olarak oldukça fazla beyitle karşılaşmaktayız. Mevlânâ’nın bazen akıl (akl-ı me’ad) ile birlikte değerlendirdiği ruhu, bedenin üstünde ilahi bir töz olarak gördüğü anlaşılmaktadır. Yine ona göre, ezelde yaratılan, hatta Mutlak Varlık olan Allah’la birlikte olan ruhun, geçici bir süre aşağılık olan beden kalıbına girmesi söz konusudur. Mesnevî’de geçen hemen bütün kurgularda bedenin aşağılanıp ruhun yüceltildiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, Mevlânâ’nın söz konusu düşünceler bağlamında ruh ve bedeni, tecrübi âlemde gözlemlediğim hangi nesneler ve olgular üzerinden kurguladığı üzerinedir.
ERZİNCAN VE ÇEVRESİ ARAŞTIRMALARI-1
Authors: ŞAHİN Tahir Erdoğan , SARIÇİMEN Gülay
Published: December 2020

Saha araştırmamız içerisinde yer alan Erzincan ve çevresi; kuzeyde Şebinkarahisar’dan Bayburt’a, güneyde Eğin’den Bingöl’e kadar olan Azzi/Hayaşa Bölgesi olarak kendi içinde benzer yapıları içermekte ve bu yapıların niteliği bölgenin özgünlüğünü göstermektedir. Bu alan tarihi, coğrafi ve kültürel konumu itibariyle görece bütünlük göstermektedir. Yüzyıllar içerisinde pek çok tarihi olayın, demografik ve toplumsal alt üst oluşların, çok çeşitli inanç ve düşüncelerin yaşatıldığı bu coğrafya kendi iç çeşnisinin bütünü içerisinde özgün ve özel karakteristik bir niteliğe sahip olmuştur. Bu çalışmada; o eski geçmişten bugüne gelen ve öncelikle birçoğu henüz tespiti yapılıp neşredilmeyen arkeolojik veriler ile tarihsel/dinî derinliği olan ve hâlâ yaşatılan değerleri bir bütün hâlinde sunulması hedeflemiştir. Tespit edilip kaydedilen veri türlerinin çeşitliliği yanı sıra bu verilerin değerlendirilmesinde de yöntemsel olarak geniş bir çerçevenin çizilmesine, her verinin kendi özgünlüğüne göre farklı yöntemlerle ele alınmasına çalışılmıştır.
Partner Perspectives—The Harsh Reality of Pursuing Innovations
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

We start with a common understanding of innovation as the process of creating new “things” out of useful and novel ideas, followed by creating new values once the “new things” become goods and/or services accepted by customers in the marketplace. It is the degree of ‘usefulness’ and ‘novelty’ that will determine the possible value a customer may realize, and thus a firm may gain when providing them to the market.
Vietnam's Political Economy in Transition (1986-2016)
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: December 2020

The transition economy of Vietnam enjoyed remarkable achievements in the first 20 years of economic renovation (Doi Moi) from 1986 to 2006. Notably, the economy grew at an average annual rate of 7.5% in 1991-2000 period. Vietnam’s Amended Constitution 1992 recognized the role of private sector in the economy. U.S.-Vietnam Trade Bilateral Agreement (US-BTA) was signed in 2001. The country's stock market made debut trading in 2000. Vietnam became a member of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 1995, then proceeded to full membership of the World Trade Organization in 2007, following which registered foreign direct investment (FDI) reached an all-time high of US$71.7 billion in 2008.
UAS Strategi Internasional
Authors: Wicaksono Veronica Putri
Published: December 2020

Globalisasi telah mengubah wajah perusahaan multinasional (MNC), karena perusahaan multinasional saat ini tidak hanya harus secara aktif mengelola Strategi Internasionalisasi kompetitif mereka, tetapi juga harus secara ketat berpartisipasi dalam perusahaan yang terkait dengan sistem tanggung jawab penuh perusahaan yang biasanya diidentifikasi sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab bagi praktek tanggung jawab sosial (CSR), tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan tertua mengacu pada perusahaan yang berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan sosial dengan menyediakan sumber daya keuangan dan manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat tempat mereka beroperasi (Beddewela, 2019). Ada beberapa strategi untuk perusahaan multinasional dapat meraih kesuksesannya, dengan mengaplikasikan lima jenis strategi aliansi yaitu wholly owned subsidiary, join venture, licence agreement, subcontracting, and outsourcing (Pratono & Ratih).
Matematika terapan 1
Authors: Argunensi Risna
Published: December 2020

Dalam memecahkan masalah yang berhubungan dengan perhitungan nilai logaritma maupun fungsinya, Mahasiswa di wajibkan untuk mengetahui banyak ilmu yang masih menggantungkan masalah perhitungan tersebut pada kalkulator scientific.Dalam artikel ini akan di anjurkan sebuah metode untuk menjelaskan pengertian logaritma, mengetahui fungsi logaritma beserta invesnya dengan cara manual,yaitu hanya dengan memanfaatkan operasi kali dan bagi.Dengan ini,di harapkan pengguna tidak lagi bergantung pada kalkulator scientific dalam menyelesaikan masalah perhitungan nilai logaritma dan mengetahui fungsi-fungsinya beserta invesnya.
PENDIDIKAN DASAR (KUTTAB) MASA DAULAH ABBASIYAH (132-232 H / 750-847 M)
Authors: Zakirah Zakirah , Arsyam Muhammad , HERIANTO H. , Umar Kusnadi
Published: December 2020

Sejarah mencatat, di samping pada periode Rasulullah Saw, dunia Islam kembali mencapai puncak kejayaannya pada masa pemerintahan Daulah Abbasiyah yang berpusat di Baghdad, lima setengah abad lamanya yaitu sejak bangunnya tahun 132 H (750 M) sampai dihancurkannya Baghdad oleh Hulagu Khan pada tahun 1268 M (656 H). Kedaulatan kaum muslimin di zaman ini telah sampai ke puncak kemuliaan, baik kekayaan, kemajuan, ataupun kekuasaannya. Bahkan pada zaman ini pula, telah lahir dan berkembang berbagai ilmu Islam dan berbagai ilmu penting telah diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Arab.
strategi internasional UAS
Authors: wilujeng Rr.savina k
Published: December 2020

Perusahaan multinasional atau multinational company (MNC) merupakan perusahaan yang mengembangkan diri di pasar internasional dengan cara membangun perusahaan atau bisnisnya di berbagai kota di seluruh penjuru dunia Untuk sukses dalam menjalankan bisnisnya biasanya perusahaan multinasional atau MNC memiliki berbagai strategi (Belango, 2004). Ada setidaknya empat strategi yang bisa membuat perusahaan multinasional tersebut sukses di pasar internasional. lima strategi itu antara lain adalah (1) Wholly Owned Subsidiary (2) Joint Venture (3) Licence agreement (4) subcontracting dan Outsourcing akan tetapi kelima strategi di atas memiliki keuntungan dan juga kelebihan bagi multinational company (MNC) (Pratono & Ratih).
PROSES PERUMUSAN MASALAH DIAGNOSA KEPERAWATAN
Authors: harahap dinda andini
Published: December 2020

Keperawatan adalah bentuk pelayanan profesional berupa pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar yang diberikan kepada individu yang sehat maupun sakit yang mengalami gangguan fisik, psikis, dan sosial agar dapat mencapai derajat kesehatan yang optimal. Diagnosa keperawatan adalah langkah kedua dari proses keperawatan yang menggambarkan penilaian klinis tentang respon individu, keluarga, kelompok maupun masyarakat terhadap permasalahan kesehatan baik actual maupun potensial. Dimana perawat mempunyai lisesnsi dan kompetensi untuk mengatasinya.
Strategi Perusahaaan Multinasional dalam Melebarkan Sayapnya
Authors: Nabilla Sinta Dina
Published: December 2020

MNC adalah pengembangan lebih jauh perusahaan internasional dengan keterlibatan mencakup seluruh dunia dan manajemen serta pengambilan keputusannya mempunyai perspektif global. Dlam mengembangkan perusahaan multi nasional ada 2 tahap, yaitu melakukan analisis portofolio internasional mengenai daya tarik negara dan kekuatan kompetitif produk diberbagai negara yag dituju, lalu menggunakan strategi internasional untuk memajukan perusahaan.
Calculation of frontier orbitals, electronic coupling and paramagnetic interaction of conjugated porphyrin arrays based on DFT theory
Authors: Ginia Francesca
Published: December 2020

Electronic donor–acceptor communication in porphyrin-based molecular electronics is addressed theoretically. The order of the a1u and a2u frontier occupied orbitals has been proposed by others to affect excited energy transfer. We examined the effects of the nature and pattern of substituents upon analog monomer porphyrin orbitals using DFT (B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)) and the four-orbital model of porphyrin electronic structure. The excited state energy transfer rate was found to be very sensitive to these orbitals' contributions to porphyrin uv/visible absorptions (B- and Q-band). Ground state homodimer calculations validated the monomer results.
Nanostructured Thermoset Blends Induced by Self-assembly of Polyisoprene-bpoly(4vinyl pyridine) Diblock Copolymer Blended with Thermoset Epoxy
Authors: Ke Liqian
Published: December 2020

Nanostructured thermoset blends were prepared based on a bisphenol A-type epoxyresin and an amphiphilic reactive diblock copolymer, namely polyisopreneblockpoly(4-vinyl pyridine) (PI-P4VP). Infrared spectra revealed that the P4VP blockof the diblock copolymer reacted with the epoxy monomer. However, the non-reactivehydrophobic PI block of the diblock copolymer formed a separate microphase on thenanoscale. Ozone treatment was used to create nanoporosity in nanostructuredepoxy/PI-P4VP blends via selective removal of the PI microphase and lead tonanoporous epoxy thermosets; disordered nanopores with the average diameter of about60 nm were uniformly distributed in the blend with 50 wt% PI-P4VP. Multi-scale phaseseparation with a distinctly different morphology was observed at the air/sampleinterface due to the interfacial effects, whereas only uniform microphase separatedmorphology at the nanoscale was found in the bulk of the blend.
Partner Perspectives—Innovation as Determining Factor of Post-M&A Performance: The Case of Vietnam
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

August 21, 2013 (Vietnamica) – In the 2005-2012 period, M&A transactions value in Vietnam was estimated around US$10 billion. Employing a categorical data sample of 212 M&A cases, Vuong, Napier and Samson (2013) investigate the relationship between determination of controlling an acquired firm’s capital, assets, and brand versus its capability of innovation and ex post performance.
Essay Environment in Indonesian Language Learning
Authors: Sahada Afifah Tu
Published: December 2020

Environmental materials make it easier for students to understand Indonesian material well, add to students 'insight, and can build students' ecological intelligence. Environmental material is material that is closely related to everyday life. Therefore, with environmental material the teacher can easilyfind relevant examples that make students better understand the material provided, so that it can help teachers imply Indonesian language material.
mixtur: An R package for designing, analysing, and modelling continuous report visual short-term memory studies
Authors: Grange James A. , Moore Stuart Bryan
Published: December 2020

Visual short-term memory (vSTM) is often measured via continuous-report tasks whereby participants are presented with stimuli that vary along a continuous dimension (e.g., colour) with the goal of memorising the stimuli features. At test, participants are probed to recall the feature value of one of the memoranda in a continuous manner (e.g., by clicking on a colour wheel). The angular deviation between the participant response and the true feature value provides an estimate of recall---and hence, vSTM---precision. Two prominent models of performance on such tasks are the two- and three-component mixture models (Bays et al., 2009; Zhang & Luck, 2008). Both models decompose participant responses into probabilistic mixtures of: (1) responses to the true target value based on a noisy memory representation; (2) random guessing when memory fails. In addition, the three-component model proposes (3) responses to a non-target feature value (i.e., binding errors). Here we report the development of mixtur, an open-source package written for the statistical programming language R that facilitates the fitting of the 2- and 3-component mixture models to continuous report data. We also conduct simulations to develop recommendations for researchers on trial numbers, set-sizes, and memoranda similarity, as well as parameter recovery and model recovery. In the Discussion, we discuss how mixtur can be used to fit the slots and the slots-plus-averaging models, as well as how mixtur can be extended to fit explanatory models of visual short-term memory. It is our hope that mixtur will lower the barrier of entry for utilising mixture modelling
Perceived risk factors for severe Covid-19 symptoms and their association with health behaviours: Findings from the HEBECO study
Authors: Herbec Aleksandra , Brown Jamie , Jackson Sarah , Kale Dimitra , Zatonśki Mateusz , Garnett Claire , Chadborn Tim , Shahab Lion
Published: December 2020

Background: There remains uncertainty about Covid-19 risk factors. We examined UK adults’ risk perceptions for severe Covid-19 symptoms and whether engaging in concurrent health behaviours is associated with risk perceptions. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of data from the HEBECO study where 2206 UK adults classified potential factors (age 70+, ethnic minority, medical comorbidities, vaping, smoking cigarettes, alcohol drinking, regular physical activity, being overweight, eating unhealthy foods, using nicotine replacement therapy – NRT, lower income, poor housing, being a keyworker) as either increasing, decreasing, or having no impact on severe Covid-19 symptoms. Logistic regressions examined whether engaging in health behaviours was associated with risk perceptions after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, health conditions and other behaviours.Results: The great majority (89-99%) of adults classified age 70+, having comorbidities, being a key worker, overweight, and from an ethnic minority as increasing the risk. People were less sure about alcohol drinking, vaping, and nicotine replacement therapy use (17.4-29.5% responding ‘don’t know’). Relative to those who did not, those who smoked tobacco, vaped and consumed alcohol had significantly (all p<0.015) higher odds (aORs=1.58 to 5.80) for classifying these behaviours as ‘no impact’ or ‘decreasing risk’, and lower odds (aORs=.25 to .72) for classifying as ‘increasing risk’. Similarly, eating more fruit and vegetables was associated with classifying unhealthy diet as ‘increasing risk’ (aOR=1.37,1.12-1.69), and exercising more with classifying regular physical activity as ‘decreasing risk’ (aOR=2.42,1.75-3.34). Conclusions: Risk perceptions for severe Covid-19 symptoms were lower for adults’ own health behaviours, evidencing optimism bias.Implications: These risk perceptions may form barriers to changing one’s own unhealthy behaviours or make one less responsive to interventions that refer to the risk of Covid-19 as a motivating factor. Thus, in some cases risk perceptions could help sustain unhealthy behaviours and exacerbate inequalities in health behaviours and outcomes.
Deindustrialization and deaths of despair: mapping the impact of industrial decline on ill health
Authors: Scheiring Gábor , Stuckler David , King Lawrence
Published: December 2020

A growing literature on deaths of despair has argued that workers’ declining life expectancy in deindustrialized rustbelt areas in the U.S. and the associated deepening of health inequalities signal the profound existential crisis of contemporary capitalism. Competing explanations downplay the negative consequences of “creative destruction” and focus instead on unhealthy lifestyles. This article contributes to this debate by presenting the first empirical analysis of the role of deindustrialization in the deaths of despair epidemic that hit Eastern Europe in the 1990s. Drawing on the thematic analysis of 82 semi-structured interviews in four deindustrialized towns in Hungary, the article constructs a general sociological framework for analyzing deaths of despair applicable to other rustbelt areas. Deindustrialization engenders individual and social processes that affect health by increasing stress and eroding coping resources. By conceptualizing deindustrialization as a fundamental cause of ill health, sociology has great potential to contribute to understanding the root causes of deaths of despair.
What is the College-Educated Voter? A framework for analysis and discussion of 2020 voter data.
Authors: Harwarth Irene , Miller Cynthia
Published: December 2020

The 2016, 2018, and 2020 elections brought unprecedented attention to political polling and especially to analysis of voter preferences by education level. In addition to affecting collection of voter data, how a survey defines and categorizes college attendance and completion and whether participants are presented with levels to define their educational attainment or whether they self-identify, can also affect analysis of voter data collected in surveys of voter preference. This paper examines the current polls leading up to the 2020 election and the impact that defining education may be having on predicting outcomes.
Politische Soziologie der Corona-Proteste
Authors: Nachtwey Oliver , Schäfer Robert , Frei Nadien
Published: December 2020

In the research project "Political Sociology of the Corona Protests", researchers from the Department of Sociology at the University of Basel are empirically investigating the current Corona protests in Switzerland and Germany. The aim of the research is to analyse the motivation, values and beliefs of the participants in rallies, actions and demonstrations directed against the corona-related measures.In order to be able to comprehensively investigate these new protests, a broad empirical approach (mixed-methods) will be pursued in the research project. This includes a quantitative online survey, ethnographic observations, qualitative interviews and document analyses.
Longitudinal bending stiffness does not affect running economy in the Nike Vaporfly
Authors: Healey Laura , Hoogkamer Wouter
Published: December 2020

Objectives: To determine the independent effect of the curved carbon-fiber plate in the Nike Vaporfly 4% shoe on running economy and running biomechanics.Methods: Fifteen healthy male runners completed a metabolic protocol and a biomechanics protocol. In both protocols participants wore two different shoe conditions, an intact Nike Vaporfly 4% (VFintact), and a cut Nike Vaporfly 4% (VFcut). The VFcut had 6 medio-lateral cuts through the carbon-fiber plate in the forefoot to reduce the effectiveness of the plate. In the metabolic protocol participants ran at 14 km/h for 5-minutes, twice with each shoe, on a force-measuring treadmill while breathing into an expired gas system. In the biomechanics protocol participants ran across a runway with embedded force plates at 14 km/h. We calculated running economy, kinetics, and joint mechanics of the lower limb.Results: Running economy did not significantly differ between shoe conditions (0.5% higher in the VFcut compared to the VFintact). Biomechanical differences were only found in the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP) with increased MTP dorsiflexion angle, angular velocity, and negative power in the VFcut. Contact time was 1% longer in the VFcut.Conclusion: Cutting the carbon-fiber plate and reducing the longitudinal bending stiffness did not have a significant effect on the energy savings in the Nike Vaporfly 4%. This suggests that the plate alone plays a limited role in the 4% energy savings, and instead those likely result from a combination and interaction of the foam, geometry, and plate.
Comentário à sentença de Mons. Jair Ferreira Pena de 21 de fevereiro de 2019
Authors: Fasano Vincenzo
Published: December 2020

Comentário à sentença de Mons. Jair Ferreira Pena de 21 de fevereiro de 2019
Economic interpretation of lost due to improper stump-height of trees in Nepal
Authors: Subedi T. , Ghimire M.
Published: December 2020

In recent years, import of timber and other wood products from different parts of the world have been increasing in Nepal. The Government of Nepal aims to be a self-sustain in timber production. In this context, the objective of this study was to estimate efficiency of harvesting practices in Nepal in relation to stump-height. We collected the data on the stump-heights and other biometric characteristics of the trees from different felling sites of Kailali, Kanchanpur, Jhapa and Morang districts of Nepal. The volumes of the individual trees as well as the proportions of the volumes of their stumps with different heights were calculated. Correlation and ANOVA were used to find the significance of the associated factors. The average stump-heights using the conventional felling method and the chain saw method were found to be 0.74±0.17m and 0.46±0.21m, respectively with wider range. The correlation between the stump-height and diameter at breast height (dbh) was found significant. Similarly, the harvesting method, skill and experience of the tree-fellers and tree species were also found to be significant with the stump-heights. On an average, 5% of the total timber production equivalent to one million cubic feet (cft) is lost in the Fiscal Year 2074/075 in Nepal while adopting the conventional method of harvesting because of the higher stump-height than the one prescribed by the Government. The estimated loss was NRs. 2 billion (roughly equivalent to US $ 20 million, @NRS 100 = 1 USD) to the national economy, and the Government had to bear loss of about NRs. 500 million (roughly equivalent to 5 million USD) from the royalty of timber. This amount of loss could be reduced to half by using power chain saw. Lack of skilled laborers, poor implementation of law, and weak knowledge of officials were major causes for losses in harvesting practices. Moreover, about 2% wood volume loss can be avoided, without any further investment, by setting minimum standard stump-height at 15 cm and providing training to the field staff and tree harvesters.
Ethnobotanical survey on plants used in Mai Municipality of Ilam district, eastern Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai K. R.
Published: December 2020

This study was aimed to document medicinal plant species, their utilization and methods to treat common ailments by traditional healers in Churiya region of Ilam district, eastern Nepal. This study would contribute positively to the field of biodiversity conservation, phytochemistry and ethnopharmacology. Ethnobotanical informations were collected in 2016 based on semi-structured questionnaire with key informant interview. Data were evaluated and expressed in terms of number and percentage. A total of 116 medicinal plants belonging to 61 families were reported to treat 76 different ailments categorized into 18 groups. The highest numbers of plants were used to treat digestive system disorders. The most medicines were prepared as the form of paste from leaves or tender shoots and administrated orally. Of the documented plants, 5 species were reported with novel uses and 7 were newly reported as ethnomedicinal plants in Nepal. Besides medicine, 111 species were utilized additionally for food, fodder, socio-cultural events and environmental use. People of the area less frequently use traditional herbal therapies. Due to lack of proper collection, conservation and cultivation practices, some plant species are at risk of extinction. Thus, sustainable harvesting and access to benefit sharing help to improve livelihood and conserve biodiversity.
Diocesan Synod Today. In What Shape?
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: December 2020

The Second Vatican Council shaped a new model for a diocesan synod, which was adopted, among others, in Poland, and is characterised by a departure from making the norms of particular law and the popularisation of the council teaching in particular Churches. On the other hand, after the promulgation of the new Code of Canon Law in 1983, the diocesan synods adjusted the diocesan law to the code norms. When this period of the reception of the code law to the diocesan legislation achieved its result, the final resolutions of the subsequent diocesan synods, which were usually extensive, do not meet — to a large extent — the requirements set by the documents of the Holy See: Instruction of the Congregation for Bishops and the Congregation for the Evangelisation of Nations of 1997 and the Directory of the Congregation for Bishops Apostolorum successores of 2004. The author calls for the use of these enunciations so that diocesan synods can be an effective tool for the renewal of a particular Church.
The Council of Metropolitan See and Its Canonical Basis. An Orthodox Approach
Authors: Mititelu Cătălina
Published: December 2020

In this canonical study, the reader of the article will have an opportunity to become acquainted with an old European canonical-juridical institution, that is, the synodality, and, ipso facto, about its juridical regime. And, naturally, the reader can get acquainted more closely with the provisions of the canonical norms of the Eastern Church regarding the eparchial (metropolitan) synodality institution, and, ipso facto, with the issue of the regime of the synodality. Since the canonical bases of the synodality regime are foreseen in the canonical legislation of the first millennium, we had to make an hermeneutical analysis of its text, which showed us that, by resorting to ad fontes, we can also pave the way that would go towards the restoration of the unity of the two Christian worlds, namely, Pars Orientis and Pars Occidentis.
Synod as the Embodiment of the Church — the Evolution of Lutheran Understanding of Synodality
Authors: Hintz Marcin
Published: December 2020

The concept of the synod plays a special role in the Evangelical ecclesiology. In the 20th century, the synod was radically defined as “the personification of the Church.” In the Evangelical tradition, however, there are equal Church management systems: episcopal, synodal-consistory, presbyterian (mainly in the Evangelical-Reformed denomination), and to a lesser extent congregational (especially observed in the so-called free Churches). Reformation theology understands the Church as a community of all saints, where the Gospel is preached purely and the sacraments are properly administered (Augsburg Confession — CA VII). The system of the Church does not belong to the so-called notae ecclesiae. An important theological doctrine of the Reformation is the teaching about the universal priesthood of all believers, which is the theological foundation of the idea of the synodal responsibility of the Church. In the 19th century synods concerned mainly clergy. In the 20th century, in the course of democratisation processes, most Evangelical Churches raised the importance of the synod in the overall management of the Church, and the Polish Lutheran Church introduced a provision into her law which stipulates that the synod is “the embodiment of the Church” and its supreme authority.
“New Human Rights” and the Ban on Sexual Intercourse between Relatives. Legal Contemplation
Authors: Świto Lucjan
Published: December 2020

The classic conception of human rights, expressed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights signed in Paris on December 10, 1948, has been receiving attempts at reinterpretation in the recent 50 years. The appearance of the concept of “new human rights” in the public sphere serves as an example here. However, the scope of the term “new rights” and the precise meaning of “reproductive and sexual rights” are not entirely known. The change in perception of human sexuality, the affirmation of sexual liberation, and the acceptance of violating social taboo in the name of the “new human rights” invites reflection on how the concept of sexual rights relates to the ban on sexual contacts between relatives. Does a ban on incest lose its rationale in modern times, and does the penalisation of such acts constitute merely anachronistic oppression? Are the currently enforced normative solutions clear and free of questions and controversy in this matter? Lastly, one is compelled to inquire whether sexual contacts between relatives are perhaps already among the “new human rights.” The present article endeavours to answer these questions.
Andrzej Pastwa, Il bene dei coniugi. L’identificazione dell’elemento ad validitatem nella giurisprudenza della Rota Romana
Authors: Přibyl Stanislav
Published: December 2020

Andrzej Pastwa, Il bene dei coniugi. L’identificazione dell’elemento ad validitatem nella giurisprudenza della Rota Romana - review
Mathematics Model on Syariah Share Pricing in ISSI
Authors: Jana Padrul , Basri Anindita Imam
Published: December 2020

The ability to read, analyze data, and execute the Syariah economic market agents' decision becomes possible to happen. This research aims to help agents and those how to read the data, analyze, and model the data by providing perspectives regarding the stock pricing in the future. The research method being employed as Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), which has steps of data plotting transforming, estimating the model, and forecasting. The results of this research found that ARIMA (1,1,0) is the best model of Syariah stock pricing on Indonesian Syariah Stock Indexing (ISSI). The test of model reliability employs RMSE, AIC, BIC/SBC, which is resulted in a fair, competitive suitable test to the employed model.Keywords: ARIMA, Mathematical Model, Forecasting, Stock
Strategi Kontruktif Dan Dekonstruktif: Proses Identifikasi Pola Bilangan Mahasiswa Calon Guru SD
Authors: Nurmawanti Iva , Radiusman Radiusman , Haryati Linda Feni , Sobri Muhammad , Anar Ashar Pajarungi
Published: December 2020

This study aims to describe the process of identifying elementary student teacher candidates using constructive and deconstructive strategies. This study's research subjects were 6th-semester PGSD students of Mataram University who attended elementary mathematics learning courses. This type of research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collected in the form of test results about patterns and interviews. Then the data is analyzed. The results of the data analysis showed that there was no difference between the process of identifying student patterns using either constructive or deconstructive strategies. The process carried out by students is seeing the shape of the image compiler, making rules for each image, then determining the next pattern rules based on the rules that have been made previously in each image.Keywords: pattern identification, constructive strategy, deconstructive strategy, figural pattern
Implementasi Focusky Dan Kahoot Membantu Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Terhadap Matematika
Authors: Nuraeni Irna , Ni'mah Khomsatun , Rahayu Diar Veni
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the implementation of Focusky and Kahoot in increasing motivation to learn SMK students. This research uses descriptive research methods supported by qualitative and quantitative data. The main purpose of descriptive research is to get a detailed picture of a situation while answering questions such as who, when where, and how. The type of descriptive research was chosen because this study aims to describe matters related to the implementation of the Focusky and Kahoot applications in increasing students' motivation towards mathematics in vocational high schools. The subjects in this study were 5 students of class X SMK Al Huda Sariwangi. Data collection techniques used in this study were questionnaires and tests. From the results of the study, it can be revealed that learning by implementing the Focusky and Kahoot applications, in the learning process creates a more interesting, fun, and interactive learning atmosphere so that it has a positive impact on increasing student learning motivation and makes it easier for students to understand the material delivered by the teacher.Keywords: Focusky, Kahoot, Learning Motivation
МОНЕТНО-РЕЧОВИЙ СКАРБ ПЕРШОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ІХ СТОЛІТТЯ З ЧЕРКАСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Lemberg Yevhen , Shostopal Anatoly
Published: December 2020

У статті зроблено опис нумізматичної частини монетно-речового скарбу, знайденого біля хутора Кобеляки Звенигородського району Черкаської області, а саме куфічних дирхемів, карбованих у період династії Аббасидів, кількістю 64 шт. Розглянуто можливі причини та шляхи потрапляння даного скарбу на територію Черкащини.Визначені дирхеми походять із семи регіонів ісламського світу:1) Магріб – 32 шт.; 2) Ірак – 14 шт.; 3) Джібал – 8 шт.; 4) Кавказ – 5 шт.; 5) Хорасан – 2 шт.; 6) Мавераннахр – 2 шт.; 7) Кірман – 1 шт. Найпізніші дати на монетах дають можливість віднести знайдений скарб, з урахуванням ще певного часу для його надходження на землі Середнього Подніпров’я, до першої половини-середини ІХ століття, що відповідає періоду існування Луки-Райковецької культури на Правобережжі Дніпра. Науковці вважають, що саме уличі, одне з «літописних племен», які згадуються у «Повісті времяних літ», залишили нам археологічні пам’ятки типу луки-райковецьких.Даний скарб унікальний для Черкаської області як за набором, так і за кількістю знайдених куфічних монет. На території області від періоду посилення слов’янських племен та формування Київської Русі більше знаходять візантійських монет, тоді як куфічні монети трапляються значно рідше. Знахідка даного монетно-речового скарбу може вказувати на шляхи поширення та використання куфічних монет. Дати карбування дирхемів, які були у скарбі, свідчать про їх надходження на Середнє Подніпров’я у першій половині-середині ІХ ст., ще до утворення давньоруської держави, центром якої стало місто Київ. Якщо на Лівобережжі торговельні шляхи, починаючи від VIII-IХ ст., на сьогодні визначені краще, то даний скарб разом з іншими знахідками куфічних монет на Черкащині та на теренах більш західних областей України може допомогти у визначенні таких торговельних шляхів і на Правобережжі та в Західній Україні.
A COPPER COIN OF THE ARTUQID RULER NAJM AL-DIN ALPI WITH SIX COUNTERMARKS
Authors: Schulze Wolfgang
Published: December 2020

Scope of the study. A specific series of copper coins of the Artuqid rulers Hussam al-Din Timurtash and his son Najm al-Din Alpi were extensively countermarked during the twelfth century. The scientific novelty The author discusses this system of countermarking and presents a countermark naming Najm al-Din Alpi, which was applied six times on his own coins.The Artuqids were a Turkmen dynasty that ruled in Eastern Anatolia, Northern Syria and Northern Iraq in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. On Il-Ghazi’s death in 516 (1122) his kingdom was divided among three heirs, with Timurtash retaining Mardin. He was succeeded by his only son Najm al-Din Alpi in 547 (1152), and the Artuqid kingdom of Mardin became the largest and most enduring, lasting until 812 (1409), when it was seized by Timur (Tamerlane) and later controlled by the Qara Qoyunlu (‘Black Sheep’) Turkmen.The description of the ‘copper dirhams’ of Husam al-Din Timurtash and Najm al-Din Alpi are given. One of the well-known problems in the series of the Artuqids of Mardin is the countermarking of the copper dirhams of Husam al-Din Timurtash and his son Najm al-Din Alpi. During the early part of the reign of Najm al-Din Alpi, the coins of his father continued to circulate. However, they were soon countermarked by Alpi, evidently to avoid confusion. We know of two countermarks, with ‘one line’ or with ‘two lines’ randomly applied on the obverses of Timurtash’s dirhams, sometimes both on the same coin. Alpi’s countermarks on the Timurtash coins could have been used to avoid confusion between the coins of father and son. The reasons of the appearance of the countermarks are described.Double countermarking did not necessarily occur simultaneously. Apparently, Alpi used the countermarks extensively to differentiate himself from his father and to achieve the greatest possible popularity through the medium of coin. This is also shown by the fact that the old Byzantine coins circulating in Alpi’s dominions were countermarked with his laqab ‘najm’.
ANALISIS VOLUME LALU LINTAS PADA RUAS JALAN ARTERI (BATAS. KABUPATEN. MAJENE-POLEWALI MANDAR)
Authors: Basri Fitriani , Harum Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jalan Prof. Dr. Baharuddin Lopa Lutang Majene tepatnya batas Majene – Polewali Mandar.Kebutuhan yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian ini, khususnya di lokasi penelitian adalah data volume lalu lintas yaitu sepeda motor (MC), kendaraan ringan (LV), kendaraan berat (MHV), Kendaraan truk besar (LT), kendaraan bus besar (LB).Tujuan penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis volume Lalu Lintas Harian (LHR)  pada ruas jalan arteri trans Sulawesi (Batas Majene- Polewali Mandar). Mengetahui perbandingan volume Lalu Lintas Harian (LHR) dalam dua (2) tahun terakhir. Pengaruh tingkat volume jalan terhadap arus lalu lintas yang paling tinggi pada hari senin pukul 08.00  dan 17.00 WITA yang paling  rendah pada hari Minggu pukul 13.00-14.00 wita dengan nilai 0,13 smp/jam, dengan mengacu pada Manual Kapasitasjalan Indonesia.
Menjaga Mutu Pendidikan di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Pembelajaran Online di Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
Authors: Muhajarah Kurnia , Riskha Fabriar Silvia
Published: December 2020

Abstract: Various efforts have been made by the Government in collaboration with universities to reduce the spread of Covid-19 in the campus environment. Rector of Walisongo Islamic State University Semarang has also responded to the government's instruction, one of which is by implementing online learning. This research is a descriptive qualitative study that aims to obtain an overview of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Faculty of Da'wa and Communication. Data is collected through the Google Form. Data analysis was performed using interactive analysis techniques Miles & Huberman. The results showed that online learning made students feel more comfortable to ask questions and express their opinions compared to face-to-face lectures. The effectiveness of online learning was related to the availability of internet services and low-cost e-learning platforms. This is evidenced by the Whatsapp Group (WAG) platform that ranks first, followed by Line, Google Classroom, Google Meet, Zoom, then platforms other than this, and Webex ranks last. Abstrak: Berbagai usaha dilakukan Pemerintah bekerjasama dengan perguruan tinggi demi mengurangi penyebaran Covid-19 di lingkungan kampus. Rektor UIN Walisongo Semarang menanggapi himbauan Pemerintah, salah satunya dengan melaksanakan pembelajaran online. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran pembelajaran online masa pandemi Covid-19 di Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi,.Data dikumpulkan melalui aplikasi Google Form. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran online membuat mahasiswa merasa lebih nyaman untuk bertanya dan mengemukakan pendapatnya dibanding perkuliahan tatap muka, Efektivitas pembelajaran online berkaitan dengan ketersediaan layanan internet dan platform e-learning berbiaya rendah. Hal ini terbukti dengan platform Whatsapp Group (WAG) menempati urutan pertama diikuti Line, Google Classroom, Google Meet, Zoom, kemudian  platform selain ini, dan Webex menempati urutan terakhir.
GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE KİLİS’TE EVLENME GELENEKLERİ
Authors: TARÇIN Gülsüm
Published: December 2020

İnsan yaşamının önemli geçiş evrelerinden biri olan evlenme, Türk halk kültüründe düğün eğlenceleri ve gelenekleri ile taçlanarak toplumun en önemli yapı taşı olan aileyi kurmaktadır. Aile toplumsal düzenini, soyun devamını sağlamakta ve aynı zamanda aile bireyleri aracılığıyla kültürel değerleri çağlar boyunca kuşaktan kuşağa taşımaktadır. Gelenekler, örf, âdetler ve bunlar çerçevesinde oluşan inançlar insan hayatının doğum, evlenme, ölüm gibi geçiş evrelerinde çeşitli uygulamaları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Evlenme çağına gelen gençler düğün törenleriyle hayatlarını birleştirmekte, bu düğün törenleri toplumların kültürel yapılarına göre geçmişten günümüze birçok geleneği barındırmaktadır. Temel olarak düğünün üç aşaması bulunmaktadır. Düğün öncesi, düğün ve düğün sonrası olarak her evrenin de kendi içinde geleneksel uygulamaları vardır. Kilis’te düğünler bu üç aşamada gerçekleşmektedir. Aynı zamanda Kilis’te şehirli ve köylü olarak bu düğün geleneklerinin uygulanmasında bazı farklılıklar olduğu söylenebilir. Kilis halkının geçmişten günümüze yaşattıkları evlenme gelenekleri bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada düğün gelenekleri Kilis’te yaşayan kişilerle görüşme tekniği uygulanarak derleme yoluyla ve yazılı kaynaklara başvurularak elde edilmiştir. Geçmişten günümüze Kilis düğün geleneklerinin değişen hayat şartları, anlayışlar, teknolojik gelişmeler vs. nedenlerle bazılarının ortadan kalktığını, bazılarının ise değişime uğrayarak da olsa sürdürüldüğünü söylemek mümkündür.
BATMAN İL MERKEZİNDE ÇALIŞAN TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETİCİLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIKLARI SORUNLAR
Authors: KARA Ömer Tuğrul , YİĞİT Ali , AĞIRMAN Feyzullah
Published: December 2020

2011 yılında Suriye’de başlayan iç karışıklıklar nedeniyle Suriye’den özellikle çevre ülkelere başlayan ve dünya tarihinin en büyük yer değiştirme hareketlerinden biri olan göç sonucunda üç milyondan fazla Suriyeli mülteci Türkiye’ye gelmiştir. Türkiye bu kitlenin uyum süreci için belirli önlemler almıştır. Kültürel uyumu sağlayan en önemli ögenin dil olması Suriyelilere Türkçe öğretimini gündeme getirmiş ve bu doğrultuda Türkçe öğreticileri göreve başlamıştır. Çalışmada Batman il merkezinde görev yapan Türkçe öğreticilerinin karşılaştıkları sorunları tespit etmek amacıyla 2016-2017 yıllarında “Batman Can Geçici Eğitim Merkezi” ve “Dost Geçici Eğitim Merkezi”nde çalışan Türkçe öğreticileri ile görüşülmüştür. Uzman görüşü alınarak hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Türkçe öğreticilerinin mesleğin özlük hakları, alan bilgisi, eğitim ortamı, öğrenci, öğretim programı, materyal ve koordinasyon ile ilgili karşılaştıkları sorunlar ortaya konulmuştur.
SABRİ TATA’NIN KURTBAYIR’IN SIRRI ROMANININ HALK BİLİMİ UNSURLARI AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ACAR Barış Berhem
Published: December 2020

Halk biliminin konuları halkın, uzun zaman tecrübe ederek öğrendiği bilgileri gelenekselleştirerek nesilden nesile aktarmasıyla günümüze kadar gelebilmiş değerlerdir. Halk bilimi içerisine türküler, ağıtlar, atasözleri, deyimler, adak ya da sünnet gelenekleri gibi çoğu günümüze kadar aktarılmış ve toplum içinde hâlâ sürekliliğini devam ettirebilen bilgi çeşitleri girer.

Halk bilimi unsurlarının nesiller arasında aktarılmasını sağlayan kaynakların başında yazılı eserler gelir. Modern dönemde bu görevi üstlenen kaynaklardan biri de romandır. Özellikle yaşadıkları coğrafyanın geleneklerinden faydalanarak romanlarını kaleme alan yazarların eserleri, halk bilimi unsurlarının incelenmesi ve aktarılması açısından oldukça değerlidir. Bulgaristan Türk edebiyatı yazarlarından Sabri Tata da romanlarını halk bilimi unsurlarından faydalanarak yazar. Onun romanlarını halk bilimi unsurları açısından incelemek, Bulgaristan Türklerinin Türk kültürünü nasıl koruduğunu görmeyi sağlar.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Sabri Tata’nın Kurtbayır’ın Sırrı romanında yer verilen halk bilimi unsurlarını tespit etmek, elde edilen veriler ışığında Bulgaristan Türklerinin, yaşam biçimini, inanışlarını ve Türk kültürüne sahip çıkmalarını tahlil etmektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Romanda tespit edilen halk bilimi unsurları tasnif edilmiş, romandan alıntılanan örnekler bağlamında incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda Sabri Tata’nın yaşadığı dönemi, Deliorman coğrafyasını ve halkın kültürünü, romanda başarılı bir biçimde işlediği ve pek çok halk bilimi unsurunu kullandığı tespit edilmiştir.
TATAR VE BAŞKURT MASALLARINDA BAŞLAYIŞ FORMELLERİNİN SÖZ DİZİMİ
Authors: ERTÜRK Fatma , KARAGÖZ Erkan
Published: December 2020

Türk topluluklarının kültürel envanteri içerisinde masalların başlayış formelleri bir anlatı birimi olarak yer almaktadır. Türkiye’de formel teriminin yanında kalıp ifade, kalıp söz terimleri de kullanılır. Tatar ve Başkurt Türkçesinde ekiyet sözcüğü, Türkçedeki masal terimini karşılamaktadır. Sözlü kültürün taşıyıcısı olan masalların icrasında formeller önemli yer tutar, bu durum dil bilimi çalışmaları için de geçerlidir. Bu çalışmada, Tatar ve Başkurt masallarının başlayış formelleri söz dizimi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma için önce Tatar Halık Ekiyetleri: Tılsımlı Ekiyetler adlı kitaptaki altmış masal ve Başkurt Halık İcadı, Ekiyetter adlı eserlerdeki altmış bir masal bilgisayar ortamına aktarılmıştır. Çalışmamızın malzemesi Kiril harfli olduğu için harfler, transkripsiyon işaretlerine dönüştürülmüş ve sonra cümleler Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılmıştır. Çalışmada, masalların söz dizimsel özellikleri gözden geçirilirken Türkiye’deki söz dizimi tasnifleri esas alınmıştır.
A Bilocal Problem Associated to a Fractional Differential Inclusion of Caputo-Fabrizio Type
Authors: CERNEA Aurelian
Published: December 2020

A fractional differential inclusion defined by Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative with bilocal boundary conditions is studied. A nonlinear alternative of Leray-Schauder type, Bressan-Colombo selection theorem for lower semicontinuous set-valued maps with decomposable values and Covitz-Nadler set-valued contraction principle are employed in order to obtain the existence of solutions when the set-valued map that define the problem has convex or non convex values.