bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How social media influencers enabled a B2B company to drive awareness and engagement with their target consumers
Authors: Melzer Jared , Zech Brynn
Published: July 2024

In the autumn of 2016, TE Connectivity (TE), a global engineering business to business (B2B) leader in connectivity and sensor solutions, launched its first social media influencer campaign to increase brand awareness, change perceptions and grow the contact database. The influencer campaign was launched in conjunction with its sponsorship of the Andretti Formula E team, and was paired with an incentive — a sweepstake to win a trip to Andretti Autosport to see the engineering behind motorsports and an exclusive lunch with Michael Andretti, team owner and former champion race car driver. YouTuber Jason Fenske, creator of the channel Engineering Explained, flew to the United Kingdom to learn and film three videos about TE’s involvement in Formula E, the first all-electric international street car race series, and its parallels to the increasing consumer electric vehicle trend. With over 100 TE products in a Formula E car and a major player in the automotive industry, the racetrack-to-the-road thematic videos were concepted and produced to attract engineers from diverse industries and across the business spectrum. The success of Engineering Explained led to influencer programmes with TE’s sponsorship of rLoop, a crowdsourced team of engineers participating in Elon Musk’s SpaceX Hyperloop Competition. Leading up to and during the first competition, TE produced a five-part documentary chronicling the formation of the team, the technology and the excitement of the challenge to create the fifth mode of transport, which was amplified to an engineering audience through a multi-influencer distribution strategy. During the second competition, a YouTube influencer, Linus Tech Tips, travelled to California to film a 20-minute Facebook Live segment the night before the competition to capture the tension, nerves and excitement as the rLoop team put the finishing touches on their prototype, and produced a post-competition YouTube video on the technology of the Hyperloop. This paper comprises a practitioner’s insights into and lessons learned from activating B2B influencer programmes.
Simple banking: it is not that complicated
Authors: Skúlason Haukur
Published: July 2024

In an ever-changing, and ever more cumbersome, regulatory environment banks face increased risk management costs, and in the wake of the banking failures of 2008 and more recent banking scandals related to money laundering, the question that looms ahead is whether the need for a different approach to risk management, mitigation and transformation is warranted and whether such an approach can reduce risk, improve profitability and offer true value to customers. Safety and security are the staple of banks, without which they will run into trouble. This paper proposes a different approach to retail banking, built on an 80-year-old economic theory. The idea of narrow banking, or full reserve banking, centres on keeping deposits 100 per cent secure by offsetting them with risk-free assets on the bank’s balance sheet. This paper will discuss the feasibility of this approach and how it can be implemented to tackle some of the most critical issues and concerns from a regulatory perspective in banking.
The potential for neighbourhood regeneration in a period of austerity: Changing forms of neighbourhood governance in two cities
Authors: Bailey Nick , Pill Madeleine
Published: July 2024

Localism is an active political strategy, developed in a period of austerity by the UK’s Coalition Government as a justification for the restructuring of state–civil society relationships. The deprived neighbourhood has long been a site for service delivery and a scale for intervention and action, giving rise to a variety of forms of neighbourhood governance. Prior international comparative research indicated convergence with the US, given the rise of the self-help conjuncture and the decline of neighbourhood governance as a medium of regeneration. The subsequent shift in the UK model from ‘big’ to ‘small state’ localism and deficit-reducing cuts to public expenditure confirm these trends, raising questions about the forms of neighbourhood governance currently being established, the role being played by local and central government, and the implications for neighbourhood regeneration. Two emerging forms of neighbourhood governance are examined in two urban local authorities and compared with prior forms examined in earlier research in the case study sites. The emerging forms differ significantly in their design and purpose, but as both are voluntary and receive no additional funding, better organised and more affluent communities are more likely to pursue their development. While it is still rather early to assess the capacity of these forms to promote neighbourhood regeneration, the potential in a period of austerity appears limited. Reduced funding for local services increases the imperative to self-help, while rights to local voice remain limited and the emerging forms provide little scope to influence (declining) local services and (still centralised) planning decisions, especially in neighbourhoods with regeneration needs that are likely to lack the requisite capacities, particularly stores of linking social capital. Initial conclusions suggest greater polarity and the further containment of deprived neighbourhoods.
Practice note The road to payment card industry compliance: One company’s journey
Authors: Harvey Peter
Published: July 2024

This practice note describes the process the online payment services provider PayGate has undertaken to ensure compliance with the global security standards of the payment card industry.
Reinventing manufacturing: Beyond factory walls
Authors: Beitinger Gunter , Monn Petra
Published: July 2024

Even before being challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Siemens manufacturing system, which has produced the company’s extensive hardware portfolio since its foundation 175 years ago, needed to reinvent itself. It did so by organising its multiple factory networks to serve a common purpose: to enable intelligent operations through the best automation and digitalisation technologies possible. Deeply rooted in the lean principles, Siemens factories unite their experts in groups across business units while closely integrating IT. Each group is concerned with a I4R technology cluster, defining a ‘north star’ and embedding use cases, as well as implementation projects in their factory overarching approach. This paper describes how, in working closely with solution providers for the realisation of their use cases, those groups act as catalysts — not only for constituting the elements of the factories’ information technology/operations technology (IT/OT) architecture, but also as a ‘Customer Zero’ for new business models, such as a distributed ledge-based CO2 footprint evaluation system.
Exploring coexistence in the securities industry: Why the ISO 20022 central dictionary is the key to interoperability and realising data opportunities
Authors: Kennel Juliette
Published: July 2024

This paper looks at how the securities industry can better manage coexistence between different message formats along with realising the many opportunities presented by available data. This is with a view to arriving at greater efficiency, profitability and interoperability within securities and across financial services. It begins with an overview of the quantities and types of data produced by the industry, discussing the costs and risks this poses if it is not sufficiently well managed. It then moves into a discussion of the need for a common language for all parts of financial services, including securities, to agree on in order to communicate more effectively. The paper focuses on using the global ISO 20022 standard for this purpose. It covers the question of migrating to it as a message format, for which there is little appetite within the securities industry in the short to medium term. ISO 20022’s central repository and data dictionary provide a solution, creating the common language that can help to ensure interoperability between entities. It includes discussion of the many benefits of using ISO 20022 in this way, such as reduced costs, risks and timeframes. It highlights how ISO 20022 as a data model can be applied to developing standardised application programming interfaces and building connections with emerging technologies and industries such as distributed ledger technology and crypto assets. The paper also looks at the risks and limitations posed by a prolonged period of coexistence. The use of a common data dictionary can enable firms to interoperate without having to align data exchanges at the syntax level; however, there are still associated costs, risks and inefficiencies. The conclusion is that securities market participants should collaborate to adopt a common data dictionary that can be integrated into their systems, their software and their processes.
The airport ground-transportation industry during COVID-19
Authors: Mundy Ray A.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to describe the airport ground-transportation industry as the integral third leg comprising the airline, airport, ground-transportation industry; the impact of COVID-19 on its operations; and how the industry is repositioning itself for the future. The paper also depicts the positive growth many of these operators were having prior to the COVID-2019 pandemic, and the types of traffic congestion along with financial concerns that were being addressed by North American airports. Like many transportation industries, airport ground transportation is comprised of asset-based and asset-light operators. The differences in the capabilities of these operators during this period of little-to-no demand are explained. Having these different capabilities will dictate the speed at which these different operations may gear back up to serve the airline travelling public. The paper also details the disproportionate number of industry drivers affected by the virus and the financial difficulties many drivers are having in this industry. Also detailed are what operators are doing to provide safe operations for their drivers and their passengers. Furthermore provided are recommended guidelines for ground operators to follow in creating a safe environment for their drivers and their passengers. Finally, the paper looks to the future and how airports and ground-transportation operators might use this downtime to plan and implement improved services as the economy rebounds to pre-2020 levels.
Pricing 101 : Understanding the basics of pricing a corporate real estate outsourcing deal
Authors: Vitasek Kate , Flynn Michele
Published: July 2024

Perhaps no other topic creates as much apprehension between a buyer and a supplier as trying to negotiate a fair price for corporate real estate (CRE) services. The current authors believe one of the key reasons is because buyers and suppliers do not understand the fundamental basics of pricing. Pricing a CRE deal becomes much easier when you completely understand the tools in your pricing toolkit. This paper addresses five common questions with which organisations often struggle for pricing a CRE deal. In answering the questions, the paper defines and explains the pricing tools practitioners can use to make getting to a fair price easier. The paper also provides recommendations where appropriate. Lastly, the paper challenges buyers and suppliers to negotiate prices with a lens of transparency.
A great time for taxonomy and metadata/ An interview with taxonomist, Joseph Busch
Authors: Busch Joseph
Published: July 2024

In this interview, taxonomy strategist Joseph Busch provides an overview of the value and necessity of taxonomy in business operations and design. Joseph enlightens our minds with his insight into issues such as social media, the Dublin Core and big data. The interview is both a reflection of the past and a skilful observation of future trends and practices in the process and technological operations of taxonomy, metadata and digital asset management.
Information strategy in view of enterprise real estate futures : The evolving role of information systems in corporate real estate and facility management
Authors: Stillebroer David
Published: July 2024

In just a few days in March 2020, the planned evolution of the workplace became a radical revolution, quickly uncovering which organisations were prepared to cope with the fast-changing circumstances within their workplace concepts, including IT and facility management (FM), and which were not. This paper explores five key workplace developments and three key technology developments that will affect workplace and real estate strategy this decade and their influence on information strategy and the role of information systems. Together these workplace developments will shape the future of the workplace into a distributed, carbon-neutral and resilient workplace while these technology developments will shape an updated workplace information strategy and related systems to enable workplace digitisation, mobility and resilience. FM experienced accelerated change around the workplace and is now on a fast path to adopting mobile, digitisation and resilience principles. In view of these developments, information strategy should be prepared to drive these changes, not only to support the development of the organisation into a distributed and carbon-neutral workplace today, but also to prepare workplace resilience for future disruptions. Embracing diversity and managing complexity via an open platform approach is expected to be key in an information strategy that supports this future of the workplace.
An introduction to financing airport infrastructure in the USA and elsewhere
Authors: Hampton Lynn
Published: July 2024

The managing and financing of airport infrastructure assets requires the linking of costs and controls to provide financeable projects. In the USA and many other countries, direct government payment is no longer considered the major source of capital for airport development. Airport infrastructure projects often require environmental and other regulatory processes and are sometimes controversial. These add to the time and costs required for the project. Airports in the USA and elsewhere are required to develop financial plans to attract private financial capital. Airports compete for private financing against other investment opportunities. Airport projects can be debt or equity financed. An airport must generally offer an attractive infrastructure project with low risks and reasonable returns in order to be successful in finding investors that are willing to fund the infrastructure development.
Marketing analytics in the age of machine learning
Authors: Booth David
Published: July 2024

Machine learning presents unique challenges and tremendous opportunities for today’s marketer, and while many applications have already become common practice, the future holds exciting use cases, some of which are in development and others yet to be imagined. Leveraging the vast amount of data available in the exhaust stream of digital marketing and advertising, and coupling this with almost limitless data storage and processing capacity, the move from rules-based to intelligent analysis is driving efficiencies across a number of marketing initiatives and capabilities. From intelligent bidding and the serving of advertisements across the most common digital channels to advanced segmentation, audience creation, attribution and more, machine learning has already established itself across a large and complex marketing ecosystem. Recent applications in purchase intent and churn modelling, data-driven retargeting and even data-driven creative are using machine learning to provide competitive advantage now and into the future.
Target-driven brownfield reuse — a benefit for deprived areas? A spatial analysis of brownfield reuse patterns in England's core city regions
Authors: Bäing Andreas Schulze
Published: July 2024

Since the late 1990s, the systematic reuse of brownfield land, also known as previously developed land (PDL), has been a core component of urban regeneration strategies in England. This paper investigates the emerging spatial patterns of reused PDL and analyses to what extent this reuse reaches into the most deprived neighbourhoods as a general trend and in a number of exemplary urban areas in England. The underlying question is to investigate how far generic brownfield reuse targets contribute to increased physical regeneration in the most deprived areas.
Building a business case for cross-border trading
Authors: Randall Mike
Published: July 2024

When a firm is making the decision to do cross-border trading, there are many high-level considerations to take into account. The firm needs to consider the clearance and settlement aspect of the brokerage business, as well as the revenue and cost aspects of the business decision. Another critical consideration is the need for the right types of human resources and to the significance of obtaining outside consultants to aid a firm in this process. It is also important to be aware of the possible pitfalls in the process and how to avoid them. Above all, when making the decision to move to cross-border training, a firm needs to stay focused on its goals.
An analytical framework for social media customer service
Authors: Kwartler Ted
Published: July 2024

Social media customer service can be defi ned as addressing a specific customer need online where the dialogue can be viewed openly. For organisations, the volume of social media interactions can be overwhelming, and understanding when to engage a customer in public can be diffi cult. Standardising social care within a framework creates a uniform multi-channel customer experience consistent with marketing and branding guidelines. In this context, a framework is a basic workfl ow using analytics to identify serviceable social mentions, standardised procedures instructing an agent and corporate guidelines ensuring any public reply aligns with marketing expectations. Keyword scanning and classifi cation trees are examined as analytical methods within a social care framework. In addition, the paper provides guidance for procedures and examples of corporate guidelines.
Digitalisation in payments: From interoperability to centralised models?
Authors: Milkau Udo , Bott Jürgen
Published: July 2024

‘Digitalisation’ seems to be the current buzz word, and it is used
to discuss various things from 3D printers via always-on health
sensors powered by smartphones to challenges in financial services
by new ‘non-bank’ players (so-called FinTechs), which track
relationships with the clients. Payments, as an electronic product
offered by banks for decades, are taken here as the subject of
study to analyse the impact of digitalisation and future
developments in payments. This is based on three examples
representing three antagonistic concepts: interoperability,
centralisation, and distributed systems. The examples highlighted
here are: first, the implementation of the Single Euro Payments
Area in Europe and a comparison between some original objectives
with the current status of realisation; second, the development of
so-called business platforms, such as Google or Facebook, which
facilitate exchange between the agents in a multi-sided market;
third, the emergence of digital currencies such as Bitcoins with
decentralised ledgers and decentralised consensus systems used as
means of payment. For all three examples, the form of
digitalisation, the current implementation, potential limitations
and future development paths are compared. Finally, the question of
what a future payments ecosystem will look like and whether there
will be a shift from interoperability to centralised models are
discussed with the clients.
Electronic agreements: Why legal does not always mean enforceable
Authors: Smith Abe
Published: July 2024

Many banks, driven by growing competition, are looking to improve efficiency and customer experience by making onboarding and other services frictionless. At the same time, banking customers now expect a seamless, omni-channel experience, similar to the experience offered by retailers such as Amazon. The trend towards digitising the customer agreement process as part of digital banking brings benefits by reducing costs and speeding up customer onboarding processes. Ineffective technology and procedures that lack due diligence could however, provoke a new wave of customer or regulatory initiated legal action from alleged mis-selling. Whether any mis-selling is intentional or accidental, financial institutions could be vulnerable. Simple solutions favoured by banks such as eSignature are not enough — these systems need to be fully integrated and capable of handling the entire end-to-end agreement process. They must also be fully enforceable as well as being legal. As events such as the Payment Protection Insurance mis-selling scandal in the UK demonstrate, banks have recently been fined huge amounts, and suffered reputational damage owing to insufficiently robust disclosure and evidence-gathering procedures when dealing with customers. More recently, in the USA, Wells Fargo admitted that around two million phantom accounts had been created between 2011 to mid-2015, aimed at increasing the sales figures posted by the bank. As a result, it was fined US$185m, and billions of dollars were wiped off its market value. These and other cases have arisen because as they have sought to increase revenues and reduce costs, banks and financial institutions have been insufficiently focused on risk inherent in their back-end processes. Although they have mitigated risk at the ‘front door’, prompted by the action of the authorities and adverse publicity, all too often they have neglected it at the ‘back door’. As a result of these fines, increased regulation and the bad publicity that they have suffered, many banks are now reviewing and seeking to improve both their technical and administrative processes. As cases such as these emerge, there is a growing awareness among banks that they are increasing their risk by not having in place processes that are fit for purpose.
Blockchain distributed ledgers and liability
Authors: Zetzsche Dirk A. , Buckley Ross P. , Arner Douglas W.
Published: July 2024

One of the oft-noted benefits of distributed ledger technology is its security. Many commentators seem to believe that because the Bitcoin blockchain has not been hacked, somehow this means all blockchains are secure. This paper draws on recent examples to explore how risk persists when financial services are provided via distributed ledgers. We analyse the kinds of risk, how they arise and their possible legal consequences. While some technologists want to believe using blockchain will not give rise to legal liability, we demonstrate how this is not so. These liability consequences raise significant questions about how distributed ledgers should be structured, owned and, ultimately, regulated.
Sustainability in procurement and the role of technology
Authors: Sommer Florian , Fischer Tanja
Published: July 2024

This paper elaborates on relevant dimensions regarding the implementation of sustainability practices in procurement based on a holistic framework. The importance of procurement in corporate decarbonisation activities is also addressed. It is argued that Scope 3.1 emissions, those emissions generated by purchased goods and services, have the most obvious connection to the procurement organisation and often account for the majority of all corporate emissions. Thus, this paper describes potential calculation methods to assess the Scope 3.1 emissions as well as potential reduction levers that procurement managers can initiate to contribute to their organisation’s reduction targets. Moreover, the current technology landscape to support sustainability goals is examined and requirements that future tools should meet to add value from a sustainability and procurement perspective are developed.
From laboratory to real life: Fraport’s approach to applying artificial intelligence in airside operations and ground handling
Authors: Felkel Rolf , Barth Torben , Schnei Thilo , Vieten Björn D.
Published: July 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been gradually finding its way into various areas of our life in recent years including air traffic and airport management. Establishing a basic understanding of the characteristics of this specific class of algorithms and the associated conceptual differences to classic information technology (IT) solutions is increasingly proving to be a critical success factor when introducing and running AI solutions in a safety- and security-critical environment such as commercial aviation. This paper explains how Fraport has been establishing a multilevel organisational AI approach. The approach is demonstrated at the example of the project on establishing a more precise prediction of arrival times at the gate (Estimated In-Block Time [EIBT]) which was used as a catalyst in this process. Fraport’s approach stretches across the entire solution development process, from understanding the problem and determining the room for improvement in an application-oriented data lab format called the Corporate Analytics Centre (CAC), all the way to developing a full-scale IT solution for operational use in the ‘IT Factory’. The practical experience of the first project has shown that not only technical challenges have to be solved during the development and implementation of the first AI solutions but it was also clearly a matter of establishing trust in AI solutions on various hierarchical levels on the user side.
Assessment of urban renewal projects implementation and its socio-economic impacts in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Authors: Yoade Adewale O. , Adeyemi Olabisi O. , Adeyemi Babawale A.
Published: July 2024

This paper describes a study to examine the influence of the urban renewal project and its socio-economic effects on the residents of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Primary and secondary data was used in the study. The primary data was collected through two sets of questionnaires administered to residents and town planners in the study area. A total number of 148 residents were surveyed. The findings showed that 58 per cent agreed that the scheme approaches are right while 42 per cent said the approaches are wrong, 15 per cent supported construction of new estate, 64 per cent demolition of old buildings, while 22 per cent supported establishment of agencies to monitor housing projects. The study established that urban renewal action is a task that must be pursued and accomplished to bring our substandard urban environments to the required standard reflective of our time. The renewed or regenerated cities would not only ensure harmonious, attractive and aesthetically pleasant environments but also enhance socio-economic development, safe, secure, healthy and quality urban life for both the present and future generations.
Influencers and their motivations to create content: A qualitative typology based on an international survey
Authors: Haumer Florian , Kolo Castulus , Roth Alexander , Schwarz Rafael
Published: July 2024

Social media influencers (SMIs) have become an internet phenomenon with significant impact on public opinion. Although SMIs are becoming more professional and are differentiating themselves in terms of content and communication styles, quantitative indicators such as reach and engagement rates are still at the centre of marketers’ attention. This study identifies and tests five qualitative types of social media influencers (‘storyteller’, ‘rationalist’, ‘expert’, world-changer’ and ‘extravert’) based on four key motivational factors for content creation from a broad international sample. The authors find differences regarding the relative frequencies of the identified SMI types between the surveyed countries. This study provides substantial insights for researchers and brand managers seeking to better understand influencer types and manage influencer relations respectively.
Securities settlement revolution: Japanese Government Bonds move to T+1 with the advent of a new repo market
Authors: Yanagawa Eiichiro
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the efforts planned and in progress to shorten the settlement cycle of Japanese government bonds (JGBs) from two business days after the trade date (T+2) to one (T+1). This move is designed to maintain and strengthen the market’s international competitiveness amid the challenge of putting in place a market infrastructure that will enhance the global appeal and convenience of JGBs. Towards this end, it seeks to jettison practices peculiar to the Japanese repurchase transaction (repo) market to harmonise repo transactions with global standards with the aim of creating a new market with new business opportunities. In practice and from a more granular perspective, this means transitioning to so-called shin-gensaki repos, or conditional sale securities repurchase transactions, from so-called gentan repos, or cash-collateralised securities lending repurchase transactions. In addition, the new market is also being designed to help spur greater diversity among market participants.
On the predictability of long-term stock market returns: Design configuration of deep neural networks
Authors: Herdt Manfred , Schulte-Mattler Hermann
Published: July 2024

In 1998, Robert J. Shiller and John Y. Campbell proposed that long-term stock market returns are not random walks and can be predicted by a valuation measure called the cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings (CAPE) ratio. This paper is set to identify the predictive power of long-term stock market returns with deep neural networks and trace the impact of different architectural components of deep neural networks. We present three network types — recurrent neural network (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network, and gated recurrent units (GRU) neural network — to ascertain what impact the different networks have on predicting long-term stock market returns and whether a parsimonious neural network model (PNNM) can be identified for practical application. The networks above have different design features that allow returns to be predicted and the effects of the various elements of the networks to be understood. For our study, we use monthly CAPE ratios and real ten-year annualised excess returns of the S&P 500 from 1881-01 to 2012-06, with data from 1876-06 (real earnings) to 2022-06 (real total return price) needed to determine the two datasets. Our results show improved forecasting accuracy over linear regression for all analysed neural networks. Only the complex trial-and-error procedure leads to the network design with the optimal result of minimising the root-mean-squared error (RMSE). This approach is usually associated with a considerable time and cost factor. Therefore, for time series studies of the present type, we propose a parsimonious GRU architecture with low complexity and comparatively low out-of-sample error, which we call ‘GRU-101010’.
Why banks are missing an opportunity to capture the lucrative small and medium enterprise market
Authors: Pooley Henry
Published: July 2024

This paper provides insight into the current small and medium enterprise (SME) and banking landscapes, exploring the challenges both face, and the strained relationship between the two, before advising on methods through which this relationship could be improved. The paper goes on to explore how FinTech firms could play an instrumental role in the evolving relationships between banks and SMEs, and then outlines four routes that banks could explore to take advantage of this highly lucrative market sector: invest in their own FinTech; develop their own technology; partner with FinTechs; or build an open banking ecosystem. The paper concludes that banks tend to take a pragmatic approach to problem-solving so are likely to use a combination of the proposed solutions and enlist the help of multiple providers. In this way, banks will be able to capitalise on the opportunities associated with SMEs and keep up with the rapid pace of change within both the banking industry and society as a whole.
Digital transformation and the COVID-19 challenge
Authors: Bhalla Ravi , Osta Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to provide frameworks, insights and approaches for organisations ranging in size and sector, to help them navigate through the challenges that COVID-19 has presented. The authors maintain that the role and environment of digital transformation need to be reframed. They have constructed and posed a holistic operating model framework that has been designed for the challenge organisations currently face and will continue to face in the future. It argues that finance and technology are fundamental enablers that transcend across the model, while due consideration is required for customer, operations and supply chains. Sustainability risks and levers are posed for each model component together with examples of how organisations ranging in size, sector and digital maturity have responded either proactively or reactively to the COVID-19 specific challenges; therefore, each section provides useful lessons and takeaways for organisations to consider how best to apply in their specific organisations and contexts.
Measuring the success of social marketing campaigns with web/digital analytics
Authors: Gardé Vaibhav
Published: July 2024

Given the explosive growth in the use of social media and the amount of time being spent on the various networks, it is only natural that marketing (advertising) investments are flowing into this new channel. While many different social platforms are grouped under this umbrella term, there are clear differences in their adoption and usage across demographics, geographies, time of day and the nature of topics being discussed. Almost all of the big networks today are what are regarded in marketing as ‘upper funnel’ channels. They are great f or awareness and engagement, but it is hard to quantify the exact business value, mainly revenue impact, generated as a result of a brand’s interactions in these channels. This paper looks at some approaches to measuring the business impact of these channels along the entire funnel and provides recommendations to build, sustain and measure the scale of social media marketing success.
Northala Fields: Valhalla in the distance
Authors: Cartiere Cameron
Published: July 2024

The reclamation project Northala Fields in the London Borough of Ealing represents a successful model of park design for the 21st century. The project combined an expansive earthwork with a practically functioning community green space at zero cost to the taxpayer. This paper explores not only the development of the park, but also the components that function in combination to generate the extensive community engagement and continual usage of the site. Northala Fields was a collaborative, interdisciplinary effort which follows a tradition of successful endeavours between artists and scientists, using new technologies to revitalise abandoned and contaminated sites. Several art/science collaborations are examined within the context of reclamation and creative innovation.
What is the true role and value of custody within correspondent banking?
Authors: Fodder Richard
Published: July 2024

Providing custody for the assets of global investors has become an increasingly specialised business from which many banks have withdrawn. Even among those banks that choose to specialise, the costs of remaining competitive have resulted in mergers and acquisitions, with the result that few banks are now regarded as global custodians. Banks outside this group are faced with the challenge of providing their globally-invested clients with a comprehensive offering or risking losing the broader relationship. This paper seeks to draw a distinction between the process of manufacturing a global custody product and the opportunities and challenges of distribution. It considers the approaches and decisions made in the past and considers some alternative strategies in the light of market developments and the economies of scale. By drawing a parallel with the tradition of correspondent banking, it suggests how banks can work with complementary partners to meet their clients’ requirements.
Using big data file fusion to determine the effects of social media on retail brand preference
Authors: E. Schultz Don , P. Block Martin
Published: July 2024

One of the primary challenges in the emerging fi eld of data analytics is the combining of multiple sets of data through what is often called data fusion. This approach was used to analyse consumer responses to a biannual online study of reported social media usage by US consumers over a ten year period. The goal was to determine if the rapidly growing use of social media had any impact on the reported changes in retail brand preferences reported by those consumers in that decade-long time frame. Negative correlations were found for manufacturer brands and limited impact was found for retail brands. The primary correlation was with the growth of consumer-stated no brand preference. This preliminary analysis further confi rms the present growth of no brand preference in multiple retail brand categories. Of equal value is the evidence that online consumer data can be aggregated and analysed over time, thus providing marketers with another needed tool to use in understanding and managing the fl ood of consumer-generated data now emerging.
Less is more: An investigation into how different levels of localisation in out-of-home creative drive sales
Authors: Steele Rory , Roper Jennie
Published: July 2024

Digital communications are becoming increasingly personalised. Numerous case studies demonstrate that the personalisation of digital communications drives sales. The majority of these case studies look at both one-to-one messaging and one-to-one media channels. The study described in this paper set out to understand the impact of localisation for out-of-home (OOH) communications using one-to-many broadcast media. The authors collaborated with SUBWAY® to test how different levels of localisation drove sales of SUBWAY subs. The results of this study contribute to understanding the sweet spot for localised messaging in OOH communications.
The future of integrated facility management: A convergence of business trends is driving dynamic transformation and a new paradigm for integrated facility management in 2016
Authors: Ehrenberg Maureen
Published: July 2024

The last five years have seen more change in the facility management domain than ever before. Several major trends have converged and continue to transform how and where companies operate, and how they manage talent and the workplace. The global financial crisis (GFC) of 2007–8 triggered a major change in workplace strategies, accelerating the rise of the on-demand workforce as companies were forced to economise by deploying a flexible, non-employee workforce. This sudden shift to a contingent workforce drove advancements in mobile devices and smart building technologies that enabled new ways of working and managing shared workplaces. ‘Workplace’ and hence corporate ‘facilities’ have taken on new meaning, now referring to workplaces both within and outside of a company's corporate real estate portfolio as workforce mobility programmes and contingent workers become commonplace. The time is now for integrated facility management (IFM) professionals to re-imagine what their jobs could become as the new world of work continues to take shape.
‘Just send them all to a burn centre’: Managing burn resources in a mass casualty incident
Authors: Conlon Kathe M. , Martin Shawn
Published: July 2024

Burn experts estimate that 20–30 per cent of injuries from mass casualty events result in serious burns, many requiring specialised care only available at burn centres. Yet, in the USA there are less then 1,850 burn beds available to provide such a level and quality of care. To address this concern, burn centres are beginning to put into practice new mass casualty triage and transport guidelines that must coordinate with local, regional and federal response plans, while still adhering to an accepted standard of care. This presentation describes how one US burn centre developed and implemented a Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP) designed mass casualty incident (MCI) exercise focused on coordinating ‘the right patient to the right facility at the right time’, based upon acuity and bed availability. Discussion will enable planners to identify methodologies adaptable for incorporation into catastrophic emergency management operations within their regions.
Planning inclusive and sustainable urban regeneration: Balancing a visitor-based economy with local needs in the city of York, UK
Authors: Forrester John , Snell Carolyn
Published: July 2024

This paper presents findings from the research project 'Inclusive and Sustainable Infrastructure for Tourism and Urban Regeneration' (InSITU). It has been conducted in historic urban areas where the physical environment is in need of regeneration and leisure and tourism can create new uses for redundant or under-used premises, generate jobs and stimulate investment. There is also a risk, however, that development may alienate the very people who are supposed to benefit most from regeneration. InSITU captured the knowledge, views and preferences of those who are likely to be affected, so that workable solutions can be designed and benefits maximised. This was achieved through the innovative application of Geographic Information Systems for Participation (GIS-P) to widen participation in urban design and heritage provision and allows that participation to feed more directly into the policy process. The paper outlines two cases in York. One demonstrates the role local people have in outlining the benefits and drawbacks of a public space, and change that might be made to it (problem definition). The second considers the role of local people in appraising the utility of a proposed cycle/pedestrian route on the site of a former factory (option generation/appraisal). The benefits and limitations of the GIS-P approach are assessed: benefits are inclusion of hard to reach groups in the process, ease and clarity of result dissemination and level of detail captured. Limitations include prioritising conflicting stakeholder concerns, the stage of the policy process at which stakeholders are consulted and the level at which this methodology and subsequent findings are useful (local/regional). Finally, an assessment is made of to whom these findings are useful (to policy makers and/or developers).
New Aml regulation: From ‘virtual currency’ to ‘crypto assets' — differentiation from tokenised financial instruments and potential concerns over the perceived end of pseudonymity in the crypto sector
Authors: Tomanek Stefan , Rirsch Ralph
Published: July 2024

In adopting new regulatory measures, the EU is increasing its efforts to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing. Aside from a uniform and EU-wide ban on cash transactions over €10,000 and the establishment of a common European anti-money laundering (AML) authority, the new rules specifically tackle the growing crypto economy. While existing AML regulations already cover various business activities related to crypto-assets such as Bitcoin & Co., there is still considerable leeway for interpretation and uncertainty. The currently applicable definition of ‘virtual currencies' and demarcation issues to financial instruments subject to stricter regulatory regimes are prominent examples of this. As an answer to these issues the new term ‘crypto-asset’, introduced by the upcoming crypto regulation MiCAR, is going to be consistently used in the new anti-money laundering regulation as well as MiCAR, promising more legal clarity for the future. Meanwhile, headlines about the alleged end of ‘(pseudo)anonymity of crypto-assets' due to the new AML rules are already appearing on the European media landscape. This paper provides an overview of the potential implications of these new regulations for businesses, investors and users, as well as seeking to alleviate some of the fears of the market.
Reducing violence and sabotage in airports: The use of threat assessment to manage employee threats
Authors: Randazzo Marisa R.
Published: July 2024

Airport managers face an array of threats and risks to airport operations, including risks from airport employees, contractors, vendors and others with authorised access. Like managers in other workplace settings, airport managers need tools to address employee threats of harm, sabotage or violence. Those who engage in violence or sabotage in the workplace often show warning signs before they engage in harm. This paper reviews pre-attack behaviours, communications and other warning signs of potential workplace violence or sabotage. It describes threat assessment, an investigative process that has been used successfully in other workplace settings to investigate threats and intervene before harm could occur. The paper also outlines the steps needed to create a threat assessment capacity to investigate and manage airport employee threats.
Brand licensing: A powerful marketing tool for today’s shopping battlefield
Authors: Stone Michael , Trebbien John D.
Published: July 2024

How do brands find consumers? How do they communicate with them when they do? And how do brands motivate them to purchase their product? Not so long ago, brand owners could rely on advertising to help them answer these questions. Not anymore. The Internet has turned everything on its head. New paths, both online and offline, are disrupting traditional ways of reaching the consumer. But there is another powerful but underutilised marketing tool that first emerged when advertising was still in its infancy: brand licensing. Licensing, whereby a brand owner permits other companies to create, market and sell products (or services) under their brand name for a royalty or fee, dates back more than 125 years. Until recently, with few exceptions, licensing did not have a seat at the marketing table. Now, however, in this era of digital revolution and retail transformation, it is being recognised as a way of engaging and bonding with consumers, inviting them to participate with a brand instead of pushing a brand at them. Licensing offers consumers a wider range of brand-aligned products with which consumers can interact. But it is vital that a licensing programme is well structured. This means that to be successful it needs to be able to fulfil some, or all, of the six objectives that this paper identifies. As this paper demonstrates, several major brands have implemented successful licensing programmes that follow this model, including Black & Decker, Coca-Cola, Baileys, Energizer, Polaroid, Procter & Gamble, Westinghouse and Weight Watchers (WW).