bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political Leadership and Education for Sustainable Development in Nigeria: An Assessment of Akwa Ibom State Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB), Uyo
Authors: Umo-Udo Ndifreke , Ekpo Michael , Udoaka Stephen , Udo Edet
Published: April 2024

Education for sustainable Development (ESD) targets at acquisition of knowledge, skills, values and attitudinal changes in both formal and informal sectors to increased productive population in the state for job creation and economic self-reliance of the people in present generation without compromising the future generations. However, a gap exists as most leaders in the state failed to give top priority to education as potential nexus for development in Nigeria. Corruption among leaders in the education sector was identified as a major drawback to education in developing economies. The main objective of the study was to examine the relationship between political leadership and ESD in Nigeria with reference to Akwa Ibom State Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB) using Education Index proxied by literacy rate (average adult year of schooling and expected year of schooling), education budget/implementation, quality and access to education. Descriptive research and Survey of study population of about 40,266 comprising of appointed education officials in 2,826 schools affiliated to SUBEB with sample size of 380 determined using Krejcie and Morgan table (1970). Simple random and stratified random sampling techniques were used to administer 12 items questionnaire on the respondents. Simple percentage, Pearson Moment Correlation Co-efficient and tabular form were adopted for data presentation and analysis. The study among others revealed that: Political leadership has significant direct relationship with ESD in Akwa Ibom State. It recommended policy reforms to reduce anomalies in educational management and adequate funding to meet UNESCO education budget baseline of 26%, employment of more qualified teachers, training and re-training of teachers to develop technical skills in entrepreneurship education; provision of libraries, laboratories and other facilities for modern research/innovations.
The impact of different corticosteroids in hospitalised patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Ramrattan Sheridan , Ramlal Amla , Giddings Stanley
Published: April 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic created havoc on health care systems and economies worldwide. Corticosteroids have been shown to be effective in the management of COVID-19.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 311 patients meeting the inclusion criteria at the Augustus Long Hospital, Trinidad and Tobago between July-December 2021. Data was classified into three treatment groups: low dose dexamethasone, high dose dexamethasone and methylprednisolone pulse therapy. The primary outcomes were the 28-day mortality and need for invasive mechanical ventilation and the secondary outcome was the length of hospital stay. The patient cohort was also classified into simple oxygen and high flow oxygen groups and a subgroup analysis was also performed.

Results: There were no significant statistical differences between age, gender, vaccination status and co-morbidities between the treatment groups. However, there were significant differences in the ethnic ratios amongst the high dose dexamethasone and methylprednisolone treatment groups (East Indians to Africans; 61.7%vs. 37%; 72.9% vs.25.4% respectively; p=0.02). In patients receiving simple oxygen on admission, those who were treated with low dose dexamethasone when compared to high dose dexamethasone and methylprednisolone, had the lowest 28-day mortality (15.3% vs. 40.9% vs. 40% respectively; p< 0.001), lowest need for IMV (0.7% vs. 9.1% vs. 40% respectively; p< 0.001) and the shortest length of hospital stay (median [IQR] days; 7[12-5], 11[22-7], 16[27-14] respectively; p< 0.001). In patients receiving high flow oxygen, those treated with methylprednisolone had the lowest 28-day mortality (45.8%), when compared to the high dose dexamethasone (59.5%) and low dose dexamethasone (81%) groups; however, these results were not statistically significant (p = 0.053).

Conclusion: In our study, patients receiving simple oxygen had better clinical outcomes when treated with low dose dexamethasone compared to higher dose corticosteroids. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy may be beneficial in patients requiring high flow oxygen; but further studies are needed.
THE PROCESSES OF TRANSFORMATION OF THE RUSSIAN ENERGY SECTOR: A GEOPOLITICAL DIMENSION
Authors: Perov A. V.
Published: April 2024

The energy sector has traditionally been the focus of the aspirations of various actors in the global foreign policy arena. In addition, in modern realities, the national economy, its current state and development prospects are closely related to the state of the country’s energy complex and its ability to ensure an appropriate level of energy security. Key energy issues, especially if they are of a cross-border nature, often acquire a powerful political component, and they themselves directly relate to the sphere of the most important national interests for any sovereign state. The author analyzed the process of reorientation of Russian energy exports to Asian and other markets and summarized the results of this process in 2022 and 2023. The paper analyzes the effects of the sanctions imposed against the Russian fuel and energy sector for our country, as well as for the states of the European Union, the United States and other initiators of such restrictions. The article also discusses the prospects for cooperation between Russia and the countries of the «non-Western» bloc in the field of energy in the medium term.
RUSSIA AND THE WORLD ENERGY MARKET: RESULTS OF 2023
Authors: Krishtal I. S. , Vyshegorodtsev D. D.
Published: April 2024

2023 was a very important year for both global and Russian energy markets. In addition to the aftermath of the coronavirus pandemic and, consequently, the reduction of business activity in the world’s largest economies, the oil and gas market continued to undergo a significant transformation, caused, among other things, by the introduction of restrictive measures aimed at the Russian hydrocarbon industry. The article examines the most significant events that influenced the price fluctuations in the oil and gas markets. The authors study the measures taken by European countries to avoid the energy crisis and assess their effectiveness. The study also considers the prospects of Russia’s interaction with Asian countries in the sphere of oil and gas supplies. Special attention is paid to the interaction with China and India.
Mesoterapia. Una revisión crítica
Authors: Ordiz García Ignacio
Published: April 2024

La mesoterapia o intradermoterapia (ID/M) es una forma parenteral de administración de medicamentos, que permite utilizar menores dosis de estos con menos frecuencia, ya que esta vía potencia sus efectos locales. Desarrollada en Francia, desde los años 30 del siglo pasado, se extendió de forma progresiva por Europa aportando importantes beneficios en distintas especialidades médicas. En EE. UU. se introdujo durante la última década del siglo XX, básicamente por sus aplicaciones en medicina estética, dando origen a conflicto de intereses con otros colectivos médicos y quirúrgicos. La aparición de graves iatrogenias, debidas a importantes errores conceptuales por parte de algunos profesionales en el tratamiento de esteatopatías, contribuyó aún más al desprestigio de la técnica intradérmica. El objetivo de este trabajo es aclarar los aspectos fundamentales de la ID/M haciendo un repaso histórico de la misma, destacando sus aspectos positivos y analizando las causas y las consecuencias de su mala praxis.
Study of Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Fly ash with E-Glass fibre Reinforced AL MMC’s
Authors: Dipak Ramdas Hire
Published: April 2024

AMC’s specimen made by liquid stir casting technique, by addition of fixed 3% E-glass fibers and fly ash particles in different proportions (4, 6 and 8 wt.%) prepared the matrix phase. A uniform distribution of reinforcement is obtained with good bonding with matrix. Dry sliding wear behavior of the aluminum alloy and the composites has been studied and tested using a pin-on-disc wear and friction monitor. The testing carried out on sliding velocity of 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 m/s and load ranges from 1, 2 and 3kgf. The composite shows better mechanical properties than the base alloy. Abrasive wear resistance improves by addition of fly ash reinforcement
ACEPTACIÓN DE CARNE DE POLLOS ALIMENTADOS CON EISENIA FETIDA (OPISTHOPORA: LUMBRICIDAE)
Authors: Sánchez Johanna I. , Atencio V. Richard , Collantes G. Rubén D. , Caballero E. Martín A.
Published: April 2024

La demanda de carne de pollo es cubierta mediante sistemas productivos intensivos en confinamiento, altamente dependientes de alimentos concentrados, antibióticos y energía; siendo además emisores de contaminantes que agravan el cambio climático. Las aves son
tratadas prolongadamente con medicamentos, pudiendo afectar la salud de los consumidores. Existe en el mercado pollos producidos orgánicamente, una alternativa saludable, pero el precio de venta es elevado. Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo desarrollar un estudio de mercado sobre la aceptación de carne de pollo alimentado complementariamente con Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) (Opisthopora: Lumbricidae), especie ampliamente utilizada para la obtención de humus, siendo una alternativa proteínica sostenible. Para ello, se realizó un muestreo no probabilístico en David, Chiriquí, Panamá, escogiéndose al azar a 30 personas entre 18 y 70 años de edad, a quienes se les presentó una encuesta electrónica mediante formularios de Google, con ocho preguntas sobre hábitos de consumo y si adquirirían carne de pollo alimentado con E. fetida. De acuerdo con los resultados, la frecuencia de consumo predominante fue de tres veces por semana (53,3%). Por otro lado, el 86,7% ignora que haya residuos de antibióticos y el 56,7% desconoce sus riegos para la salud. En cuanto al interés por adquirir carne de pollo más saludable, el 76,7% lo haría y 56,7% estaría dispuesto a pagar más por la misma. Referente a los beneficios para las aves por la ingesta de lombrices de tierra, el 53,3% desconoce sobre los mismos, pero el 66,7% consumiría carne de pollo alimentado con E. fetida. En cuanto al lugar de compra de carne de pollo alimentado con lombrices, el 50% preferiría adquirirla directamente del avicultor. En conclusión, la carne de pollo alimentado con E. fetida tiene potencial de mercado en David, porque las personas son más conscientes de cuidar su salud y contribuir con la sostenibilidad de los medios de vida.
Revelando la fotografía de arquitectura gubernamental de Lola Álvarez Bravo
Authors: Fernández Barranco Alicia
Published: April 2024

Este artículo presenta a la fotógrafa mexicana Lola Álvarez Bravo (1903-1993), conocida internacionalmente por sus retratos y sus foto-murales. Sin embargo, tras estudiar su archivo (custodiado por el Center For Creative Photography, University of Arizona) se observó que aproximadamente 12.000 de sus negativos son fotografía de arquitectura. Álvarez Bravo trabajó como fotógrafa de arquitectura para el gobierno mexicano durante los años cuarenta, cincuenta y sesenta, pero también fue comisionada por grandes arquitectos modernos como Augusto H. Álvarez, Luis Barragán, Félix Candela, Mario Pani o Enrique de la Mora, entre otros. A lo largo de las siguientes páginas, se reseñan cinco reportajes que realizó para dependencias gubernamentales y en los que fotografió: la Escuela Normal Superior, el Conservatorio Nacional de Música, el Centro de Asistencia Materno-Infantil Maximino Ávila Camacho, el Puente Aéreo Central y la sede del Fondo de Cultura Económica. Por último, se reseñan las publicaciones gubernamentales en las que su obra fue incluida y en las que queda latente su mirada sensible y moderna. Su trabajo alcanzó cotas que la historia de la fotografía aún no ha valorado, siendo una de tantas fotógrafas modernas latinoamericanas cuya obra duerme en el olvido.
Vivienda Rural en el Instituto de Crédito Territorial y Vivienda moderna en Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Holguín Victoria
Published: April 2024

El estado colombiano construyó un gran número de viviendas en áreas rurales a través del Instituto de Crédito Territorial entre 1939 y 1956. Por su naturaleza el programa de vivienda rural requería gran cantidad de recursos; construir viviendas unifamiliares, diseminadas en extensas áreas rurales, en un país con una geografía compleja y un sistema vial precario, constituía un reto que el Instituto abordó explorando una serie de estrategias para reducir los costos de construcción, tales como la estandarización de tipologías de vivienda, la sistematización de la experiencia recogida, la experimentación con diversos materiales y técnicas constructivas, y la prefabricación. Este texto argumenta que dichas estrategias, inherentes a la arquitectura moderna, posibilitaron, a su vez, la creación de los primeros proyectos de vivienda urbana de claro cortemoderno planeados por el Instituto. Revisar este proceso contribuye así a ampliar el relato sobre la génesis de los proyectos de vivienda moderna construidos al final de la década de los años 40 en Colombia por esta institución estatal, más allá de lo establecido por la narrativa que los entiende, principalmente, como producto de las ideas emanadas desde los Congresos Internacionales de Arquitectura Moderna, CIAM.
Metodología BIM e IFC en la mejora de la eficiencia energética de la arquitectura en madera del suroeste europeo
Authors: Gilabert-Sanz Salvador , Sánchez Riera Alberto , Oliver-Villanueva José-Vicente , Monleón Domènech Melchor , Redondo Domínguez Ernest
Published: April 2024

El presente trabajo aborda el desarrollo de un proceso metodológico y diseño arquitectónico sostenible a partir del intercambio de información entre modelos constructivos realizados con la metodología BIM (Building Information Modelling) y los programas de certificación energética más comunes. Este traspaso de información constructiva ha resultado ser históricamente una tarea manual a la que el diseñador ha debido enfrentarse, a menudo, a partir de la generalización y simplificación de los modelos energéticos. Este escrito describe una metodología y aplicación web gratuita de desarrollo propio (IMIP-appweb), que permite la lectura de la información contenida en ficheros IFC y GBXML, e incorpora de forma automatizada los datos necesarios en el modelo energético, facilitando su calificación, contribuyendo a su evaluación, a la mejora de su rendimiento energético y, consecuentemente, a la reducción de su huella de carbono. La aplicación ha sido evaluada exitosamente a partir de los casos de estudio y pruebas piloto llevadas a cabo en el transcurso del proyecto IMIP (Innovative Eco-Construction System Based on Interlocking Modular Insulation Wood and Cork-Based Panels), simulados energéticamente con la ayuda de la herramienta. Esta aproximación supone una nueva estrategia en la lucha contra el cambio climático ya que: (a) reduce los tiempos de trabajo en los procesos de certificación energética; (b) facilita la interacción entre distintos modelos digitales promoviendo una toma de decisiones más informada en materia de diseño ambiental, que ha de contribuir finalmente a reducir el impacto de los edificios públicos y privados en el Sudoeste Europeo.
El lugar del teatro en la ETSAB. Cartografías
Authors: Aloy Bibiloni Guillem , Ramon Graells Antoni
Published: April 2024

Presentar, como quien despliega los mapas de un atlas, un conjunto de trabajos llevados a cabo en la Escuela de Arquitectura de Barcelona (ETSAB) que tienen como núcleo temático el estudio de la relación de las artes escénicas con la arquitectura es el objetivo de este artículo. A inicios del siglo XX, unos apuntes de Lluís Domènech i Montaner dan testimonio de una lección de Composición de edificios dedicada a los teatros, pero no es hasta el curso 1978-79 cuando, en el marco de la asignatura Composición III, Ignasi de Solà-Morales dedica una parte sustancial del programa a “la arquitectura teatral”.
En el artículo, investigación y transferencia de conocimientos a la sociedad se retroalimentan. En lo docente se muestra el itinerario que de Composición III a Introducción a la escenografía ha experimentado el enfoque dado a la asignatura, desde el estudio tipológico al taller de escenografía. En el campo de la investigación dibuja el mapa de tesis doctorales y de proyectos competitivos que se relacionan con las artes escénicas. La cartografía así compuesta descubrirá una cierta metodología de análisis que, a la manera de un zoom, tras una toma que se focaliza en el rol urbano de los teatros en la ciudad, contempla la arquitectura de las salas, para acabar adentrándose en el espacio escénico.
COVID-19 and its impact on multinational enterprises: A modified value at risk approach
Authors: Khazeh Kashi , Arvi Leonard , Winder Robert
Published: April 2024

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) operating across different currencies are exposed to exchange rate risk. They may utilize a variety of tools to mitigate that risk. While there are different types of exchange rate risk, this study focuses specifically on the ongoing exposure of cash flow transactions denominated in the currencies of seven different developed countries. Since other types of risk (i.e., economic and translation) are evaluated based on yearly results, they are not considered in this study. The modified value-at-risk (MVaR) model is employed to estimate the maximum one-period losses during the eighteen months before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and, in addition, the maximum one-period losses during the eighteen months following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The predicted losses using MVaR are then compared with the actual ex-post results. Our objective is to analyze the extent of the cash flow transaction exposure and provide practical insights to MNEs as they decide whether or not they should hedge this risk. This study is noteworthy because it compares the pre- and post-COVID-19 periods.
Taking pleasure in distinction: Unlocking specialty coffee preference
Authors: Mitas Ondrej , Han Danny , Struijer Belle , Willems Lotte , Chatwick Thomas
Published: April 2024

Specialty coffee, comprising a tenth of the global coffee trade, is distinguished by its strict quality requirements and traceable origins. The diverse flavor profiles of specialty coffee raise demands on providers to serve individual taste preferences. Prior research has not sufficiently explored how to predict customer preferences for specific flavor profiles or how these preferences influence behavioral intentions such as revisiting or recommending a café. This study hypothesized that customer involvement, the extrinsic factors of coffee experience, and culinary risk-taking would predict flavor preference, which would in turn affect behavioral intentions. In an experiment involving 47 participants, individuals tasted and evaluated two espresso flavor profiles in a counterbalanced order. Results showed that taking pleasure in buying coffee, an aspect of involvement, significantly predicted preference for a distinctly acidic single-origin flavor profile over a more conventional blend. However, factors such as interest in involvement, sensory and service quality aspects of the café experience, and culinary risk-taking in coffee consumption were not significant predictors of coffee preference. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between coffee preference and the intention to revisit or recommend the establishment, though individual evaluations of each coffee were predictive of these behavioral intentions. These results refine the existing theory linking specialty coffee consumption and consumer behavior, particularly highlighting the role of acidity in flavor preferences. They also confirm the link between the sensory experience of tasting specialty coffee and subsequent behavioral intentions, applicable across diverse flavor profiles.
EFFECTS OF THE AVAILABILITY OF TRAINED TEACHERS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN MANDERA NORTH SUB COUNTY; A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Authors: Mahat Adan Ibrahim  , Gichaba Manduku Joshua
Published: April 2024

Background:
This study aims to explore the effects of the availability of trained teachers on students’ academic performance in selected public schools in Mandera North Sub County, Mandera County.
 Methodology:
The study will adopt a cross-sectional research design because it entails observing two study variables to define a corresponding statistical relationship between the variables. The study area will be public secondary schools in Mandera North Sub County; where the target population will be 9 schools with 2239 students, 104 teachers, and 9 principals. Yamane’s formula will be used to determine students’ sample size totaling 339, simple random sampling determine teachers’ sample size totaling 10, while purposive sampling will be used to identify 3 principals giving a total of 352 respondents. Questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis will be used to collect primary data.
 Results:
Regarding the students enrolled in this study, 115 (38.3%) were females while 185 (61.7%) were males. All the teachers (100%) agreed that professional qualification can affect their output in class. There were all indications that the schools did not have enough trained teachers, and most schools had stayed for one year (11.1%), 2-3 years (33.4%), or more than 4 years (44.5%) without enough trained teachers. It was interesting that the principals agreed that qualified teachers are more effective in teaching, lack of trained teachers creates teaching overloads, teacher qualifications affect students’ academic output, and lack of trained teachers leads to delays in syllabus coverage
 Conclusion:
There were only five to eight trained teachers in the schools surveyed. Out of the 9 teachers interviewed, only 5 attested to have received formal training in teaching.
 Recommendation:
More trained teachers should be recruited to improve student’s performance in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education.
THE EFFECT OF SCHOOL RULES AND REGULATIONS ON THE PUPILS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN KIBIBI SUB COUNTY BUTAMBALA DISTRICT; A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Authors: Nansubuga Hadijjah , Kyomukama Phoebe
Published: April 2024

Background:
The study aims to determine the effect of school rules and regulations on the pupils’ academic performance in Kibibi sub-county Butambala district, 
Methodology:
The study was based on a cross-sectional survey design, with data being collected in October 2022 using questionnaires and interview responses from 108 respondents made of Headteachers, classroom teachers, and pupils. The data was eventually analyzed using summary statistics and the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. 
Results:
The majority of the respondents were male with (51.9%) and female were (48.1%). The standard deviation is low or small of 1.2 also indicates that almost all respondents had similar views on the item school rules and regulations, still the majority of the respondents 56(66.7%) as compared to those who agreed 12 (11.1%), with having school rules and regulations 57(52.8%) and only 27(25%) agreed. As regards negative 61(57%) disagreed and only 22 (20.4%) agreed.
Conclusion:
The study established that school heads have a challenge of pupils who are not aware of the school rules and regulations much as they are given copies and therefore violet them. Many of the learners just dump them without reading through them to be able to get their real meaning a sign of lack of sensitization and awareness to pupils from school administrators.
Recommendations:
School rules and regulations need to be emphasized and given enough awareness to enable pupils to understand them. These will help to prescribe the standards of behavior expected of pupils and teachers. Pupils will learn to behave and so will the teachers.
políticas de globalização e seus desdobramentos no currículo brasileiro
Authors: Pinto de Sousa Maraiane , Mayara de Oliveira Souza Gessica , Da Costa Pereira Maria Zuleide
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma discussão/reflexão acerca do fenômeno de globalização e pensamento neoliberal e seus desdobramentos no contexto educacional, em especifico elaboração de um currículo nacional comum. Para atingir o objetivo deste trabalho, utilizamos como método, a pesquisa bibliográfica, através de artigos e livros de autores como Ball (2001); Peroni e Adrião (2005); Santos (2011); Dale (2009), Freitas (2014), dentre outros. De acordo com a análise, compreendemos que um currículo comum fundamentado com princípios neoliberais, perpassa questões essenciais que rodeiam a escola, padronizando, controlando e fragmentando o trabalho docente e a formação humana. Assim, o movimento de reformas atinge de forma direta o futuro de diversos estudantes, e em especial os que se encontram no Ensino Médio, por conta de políticas que são feitas e “implementadas” de forma verticalizadas e que desconsideram suas particularidades e diversidades.
Determinants of perceived inflation in Algeria: an empirical study
Authors: Amani Ismail , Berrached Sara
Published: April 2024

This study aims to assess the determinants of inflation perception in Algeria. A survey of 32 items was held online on February 2022 where respondents were questioned about their perception for the last twelve months as well as their characteristics and behaviour. Collected data has been analysed using two Probit models. The results revealed that perceived inflation is affected by socio-demographic characteristics, especially age and education degree while knowledge about inflation rate doesn’t have a direct effect on it. Psychological factors also play an important role as price decrease awareness contribute to lower perceived inflation while individuals who doesn’t usually buy goods tend to report lower perceived inflation too. Atypical results have been found for consumer behaviour effect, as a more intensive search on internet translates in higher inflation perception while the use of cash card contributes to lower it. Finally, economic condition also plays an important role, as individuals with a kind of financial distress are more likely to report higher perceived inflation. Thus, perceived inflation in Algeria highly differs from official statistical rates due to many factors specific to each individual.
Food safety in consumer relations: the influence of personal values
Authors: Campos Rita de Cássia Leal , Vilas Boas Luiz Henrique de Barros
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of this article is to analyze the relationship between food safety and personal values in light of consumer behavior theory. Method: In this theoretical essay, this relationship is examined through a discussion on how consumers' subjective perceptions are influenced by their personal values in various contexts involving food safety. Findings: The debate addresses social, cultural, economic and environmental factors, considering that values are shaped through the interaction of these variables. By outlining their positioning strategies based on segments of values that are relevant to consumers, organizations are more likely to evoke favorable attitudes towards product acquisition. This includes considering external factors because they shape the formation of personal values and thus influence individuals' choices related to food and their perception of food safety. Originality: This work enriches the theory of personal values in the field of consumer behavior related to food safety by exploring the complex interplay between personal, cultural and market values. Considering personal values as a central element, the analysis presented provides insights for the development of more targeted marketing actions, effective public policies and food supply chain management approaches that meet consumers' expectations in terms of food safety.
Determinants of Labor Productivity of Turkish Manufacturing Sectors: The Role of Global Value Chain Participation
Authors: Tat Pınar , Altun Abdullah , Yanıkkaya Halit
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This paper investigates the determinants of labor productivity of Turkish manufacturing sectors by taking into account both the global value chain (GVC) participation and the research and development (R&D) expenditure for the period of 1995-2018.
Methodology: To analyze the determinants of labor productivity in Turkish manufacturing sectors, we specify the labor productivity model and estimate this empirical model by the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) methods.
Findings: Our estimation results indicate that while simple forward GVC participation enhances the labor productivity of Turkish high-tech manufacturing sectors if they trade with developing countries, complex forward GVC participation increases productivity regardless of trading partners. For low-tech sectors, there is no significant impact of GVCs or R&D on productivity. There is no significant impact of backward GVC participation and sectoral R&D intensity on labor productivity. These significant results provide strong evidence for the importance of deeper involvement of high-tech sectors in GVCs for higher sectoral productivity. Given the strong heterogeneity in terms of sectors and trading partners, specific policies should be targeted to benefit from the productivity gains of the global value chains.
Originality: This study contributes to the current studies by focusing on disaggregated measures of GVC participation indices and enlarges the empirical analysis by considering the heterogeneity in trading partners (developed and developing trading partners).
SRBI NA PODRUČJU
POŽEŠKE KOTLINE
Authors: Škiljan Filip
Published: April 2024

Apstrakt
Autor u tekstu donosi pregled povijesti
Srba na području Požeške kotline
koristeći arhivsku građu, literaturu i
usmena kazivanja preostalih pripadnika
srpske nacionalne manjine. Autor
prvo donosi informacije o okolnosti
doseljavanja Srba na područje Požeške
kotline, a potom se bavi običajima i
načinom života Srba Požeške kotline.
Posebno poglavlje posvetio je Drugom
svjetskom ratu. Socijalistički period
obradio je u narednom poglavlju unutar
kojeg je obrađena i kultura sjećanja na
Drugi svjetski rat i zanemarivanje vjere.
Posljednje poglavlje se bavi Domovinskim
ratom u Požeškoj kotlini i stradanjima
Srba na tome području.

Ključne riječi
Srbi, Požeška kotlina, usmena povijest,
Drugi svjetski rat, identitet
HISTORIJSKO-PRAVNE OSNOVE
BOSANSKOHERCEGOVAČKE
DRŽAVNOSTI DO BERLINSKOG KONGRESA
1878. GODINE
Authors: Mutapčić Edin
Published: April 2024

The paper deals with issues related to the genesis of the Bosnian medieval state, its
geopolital area, the specific state organization, as wel as the form of government whi-
ch represented a dynamic reflection of then European circumstances. An important
factor of the Bosnian state individuality is spiritual culture as wel as cultural speci-
fics. In the course of that indipendent political development, a complex feudal state
with prominent hierarchy, that was not sufficiently addressed in our science, was
formed. A centuries-old process of rounding off international respectability has cul-
minated in 1377 by the proclamation of the Bosnian Kingdom. However, circumstan-
ces in the wider region of southeastern Europe and the Mediterranean have resulted
in creation of a powerful Ottoman empire.
After almost one hundred years of constant threat to the medieval Bosnian state,
Ottomans placed the largest part of this kingdom under their rule in 1463. Despite the
loss of political independence, in the following period, Bosnian Sandzak was formed
in the conquered area as wel as the Bosnian Eyalet later. These administrative-terri-
torial units have common specific segments of continuity with medieval independent
state. Indeed, this centuries-old Ottoman administration has created the present-day
Bosnia-Herzegovinian’s territory within the existing borders. Although the Ottoman
state was highly centralized, in this paper we’ll try to answer the question about the
degree of autonomy of local administration units in the Bosnian Eyalet.
Key words: Bosnia, banovina, kingdom, starboard, eyalet, state, administration
Peningkatkan Kemampuan Konsentrasi Belajar Melalui Metode Bercerita Dengan Media Audio Visual
Authors: Amalia Dyah Risqi , Aulina Choirun Nisak
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar di Taman Kanak-Kanak Muslimat NU Darussalam Candi untuk anak usia 5-6 tahun melalui metode bercerita dengan menggunakan media audio-visual. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan dan analisis data yang diperoleh dari lapangan, kondisi awal konsentrasi belajar anak-anak sangat rendah dengan presentasi 44% pada pra-tindakan. Hasil penelitian menggunakan media audio visual pada siklus I meningkatkan persentase sebesar 60,9%. Pada siklus II, peningkatan persentase konsentrasi belajar mencapai 77,7%. Berdasarkan hal ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metode bercerita dengan media audio-visual sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar anak-anak. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi dalam konteks pendidikan anak usia dini dapat memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pembelajaran anak.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Keluarga Dan Lingkungan Sosial Terhadap Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Riska Riska , Azis Aida , Tarman Tarman
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh lingkungan keluarga dan lingkungan sosial terhadap kemampuan berbicara siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif ex-post facto tanpa intervensi terhadap variabel bebas, dilakukan terhadap 29 siswa kelas II di Sekolah Dasar dengan penggunaan sampel jenuh. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket, dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan inferensial untuk menggambarkan karakteristik responden dan hubungan variabel yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan keluarga dan lingkungan sosial mempengaruhi kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas II di SD Inpres Batua II, Kecamatan Manggala. Koefisien determinasi sebesar 52,4% menunjukkan kontribusi signifikan dari kedua lingkungan tersebut terhadap kemampuan berbicara siswa, sementara 47,6% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain yang belum diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya peran lingkungan keluarga dan sosial dalam membentuk kemampuan berbicara siswa di sekolah dasar. Oleh karena itu, pendidik, orang tua, dan stakeholder terkait perlu memperhatikan dan memperkuat lingkungan keluarga dan sosial yang mendukung perkembangan kemampuan berbicara anak-anak.
Salib dan Imam Besar
Authors: Santoso Audy
Published: April 2024

Seorang hamba mengikuti tuannya. Malkhus, yang terputus telinganya, mengikuti imam besar lama yang buta dan tuli. Ular yang sering menjadi gambaran setan adalah hewan yang tidak memiliki telinga. Demikianlah keturunan ular mengikuti bapanya. Ketika pada hari kebangkitan Tuhan Yesus, imam-imam kepala ini menyuap serdadu-serdadu untuk berbohong akan peristiwa kebangkitan tersebut. Mereka yang fasih akan Taurat justru melanggar Taurat yang dengan jelas mengatakan bahwa suap membuat buta mata orang yang melihat atau yang bijaksana. Salah satu karakteristik kita yang melayani imam besar yang benar adalah pemakaian telinga kita. Kristus mengatakan berbahagialah telinga yang mendengar.
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KEPEMIMPINAN SISWA BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL SUKU SASAK DI MAN INSAN CENDIKIA KAB. LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Hartono Junaedi
Published: April 2024

This research is about character education of students based on the local wisdom at MAN Insan Cendikia Kab. East Lombok. Method research used, namely; A qualitative filed research method using a qualitative descriptive approach and using a narrative qualitative strategy to try to investigate and tell the experiences of the research object and retold by the researcher in narrative form. The results of this research are; Conceptually, student leadership character education based on the local wisdom is implemented et the School  is a refers to the results of research on Lombok cultural traditions carried out by the students themselves; Apart from that, the concept of student leadership character education also refers to the positive cultural values taught and exemplified to students by teachers, and continues to refer to the values of nationalism and religious moderation by prioritizing the values of faith and science. Meanwhile, for the implementation of student leadership character education at the school is carried out by means of public speaking training, students' independence is reflected in how they are trained to be able to develop their own programs, working with their partners.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE GAMIFICAÇÃO E ENSINO HÍBRIDO EM ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DE ENSINO MÉDIO: DESAFIOS E POTENCIAIS
Authors: Carrijo Tânia Silva , Silva Adilson Sousa da , Rabelo Gislaine Rocha Félix , Woehl Janivia Glaci Scholze , Canelhas Tatiane Nazaré Ferreira
Published: April 2024

Este estudo focou na problemática de integrar estratégias de gamificação e ensino híbrido em escolas públicas de ensino médio, com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade da educação. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi analisar o impacto dessas inovações pedagógicas na aprendizagem dos alunos e identificar os principais facilitadores e obstáculos à sua implementação efetiva. Utilizou-se uma metodologia composta por revisão de literatura e análise de feedback de professores e alunos de instituições que já implementaram tais abordagens. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que, apesar dos benefícios percebidos em termos de aumento de engajamento e motivação dos alunos, existem desafios significativos. Estes incluem a resistência por parte de alguns educadores à adoção de novas tecnologias e métodos pedagógicos, além de limitações relacionadas à infraestrutura tecnológica disponível nas instituições. As considerações finais destacaram que a eficácia da gamificação e do ensino híbrido está condicionada a uma implementação cuidadosa, que deve ser acompanhada de suporte contínuo ao desenvolvimento profissional dos professores e um comprometimento sólido por parte da gestão escolar. Concluiu-se que essas estratégias pedagógicas, se bem implementadas e apoiadas, têm o potencial de enriquecer significativamente a experiência educacional, embora requeiram ajustes regulares e suporte institucional para superar os desafios operacionais e culturais que emergem no processo.
Urban growth and spatial segregation increase disaster risk: Lessons learned from the 2023 disaster on the North Coast of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Bastos Moroz Cassiano , Thieken Annegret H.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Urban growth and the increase in urban poverty are important drivers of disaster risk. However, the influence of these processes on the dynamics of exposure and vulnerability remains uncertain. We hereby contribute to this discussion by presenting key lessons learned from the hazardous event that hit the North Coast of São Paulo (NCSP), Brazil, in February 2023. While the event was triggered by rainfall amounts of over 500 millimeters in a day, urban development processes also influenced the disaster impacts. In this paper, we quantify these influences through a data integration approach combining empirical evidence on the historical evolution of urban settlements with damage mapping. We also evaluate the factors driving urban growth and spatial segregation in the region. We found out that the disaster impacts were largely attributed to historical urban growth, as 46 % fewer buildings would have been damaged if the same event had happened around two decades earlier, i.e., in 2001. Also, precarious urban settlements were considerably more exposed and vulnerable to the event, as evidenced by the density of damaged buildings, i.e., 12 times higher than in non-precarious settlements. We also observed strong patterns of spatial segregation in the NCSP. For instance, precarious settlements are much more frequent at hazardous locations, including on and at shorter distances from steep slopes. While this paper presents an analysis at the local level, the challenges of urbanization and growing intra-urban inequalities are global. Thus, these results reinforce the importance of accounting for such urban processes in disaster risk reduction interventions, and the urgent need for research efforts that go beyond the hazard component, e.g., through an improvement of methods to simulate urban scenarios in the scope of disaster risk.
Spatiotemporal variation of growth-stage specific compound climate extremes for rice in South China: Evidence from concurrent and consecutive compound events
Authors: Sun Ran , Ye Tao , Liu Yiqing , Liu Weihang , Chen Shuo
Published: April 2024

Abstract. There is increasing concern regarding the impact of compound agroclimatic extreme events on crop yield, particularly in the context of projected increases in their frequency and intensity due to climate change. While previous studies have generally focused on compound hot and dry events in maize and wheat using growing-season relative thresholds, the time-variant physiological sensitivity of crops to climate extremes has not been sufficiently considered. We determined the spatiotemporal variations of compound climate extremes (CEs) for single- and late-rice in southern China during 1980–2014 and their underlying drivers using growth-stage specific physiological thresholds. Specifically, we carefully distinguished between concurrent compound events (CCEs) and consecutive compound events (CSEs). Our results indicated an increasing trend of compound hot-dry events for single-rice, but a decreasing trend of compound chilling-rainy events for late-rice. Spatially, the hotspots of compound hot-dry events for single-rice shifted from the lower Yangtze River Basin to its upper stream, and were dominated by the spatial differences in phenology rather than the occurrence of extreme events. The hotspots of compound chilling-rainy events for late-rice remained concentrated near the northwest edges of late-rice growing areas, indicating the limitation of thermal conditions. The occurrence and duration of CCEs was closely related to local temperature-moisture coupling (negative correlation). A path analysis suggested that temperature was the dominant factor influencing the changes in compound hot-dry events for single-rice. For the changes in compound chilling-rainy events for late-rice, the effect of temperature was only slightly larger than that of moisture. Our study has improved the understanding of compound climate extremes in China’s rice production system, and the results provide important information for risk management and adaptation strategies under climate change.
Research and application of small-diameter hydraulic fracturing in situ stress measurement system
Authors: Liu Yimin , Zhang Mian , Li Yixuan , Chen Huan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Observation and estimation of the stress state in the deep crust is a crucial challenge in in situ stress measurement work. The hydraulic fracturing method is an important borehole-based technique for absolute in situ stress measurement. The small-diameter hydraulic fracturing in situ stress measurement system described in this article consists mainly of underground measurement components (serial small-diameter packers and dual-circuit connecting installation rods) and surface control components (hydraulic fluid control system, data acquisition system, and high-pressure oil pump with controllable flow). It enables series measurement of small-sized boreholes for in situ stress and provides a maximum measurement range of 30–45 MPa. The subsequent calculation of in situ stress data adopts a uniform design method to discuss the influence of various external factors on rock fracturing values. The small-diameter hydraulic fracturing in situ stress measurement system has the advantages of simple and lightweight structure, short testing time, high success rate, and low requirements for rock integrity and pressurization equipment. It has formed a series of small-diameter in situ stress measurement equipment which has been innovatively promoted to the field of underground tunnel safety assessment in coal mines and metal mining areas. It has an important practical value and economic significance in accurately determining the in situ stress state of deep development areas.
Simple in-system control of microphone sensitivities in an array
Authors: Ivanov Artem
Published: April 2024

Abstract. A method to perform measurements of microphone responses directly in the array of a sensor system is described. It can be applied in reverberant environments and does not require high instrumentation effort. Due to the use of internal hardware of the sensor system, the whole signal chain of microphone–preamplifier–analogue-to-digital converter is characterized. The method was successfully tested for calibration of two types of planar arrays constructed with micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) microphones. Presented experimental results illustrate achieved performance, and possible application scenarios are discussed.
Development of Indian summer monsoon precipitation biases in two seasonal forecasting systems and their response to large-scale drivers
Authors: Keane Richard J. , Srivastava Ankur , Martin Gill M.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Met Office Global Coupled Model (GC) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System (CFSv2) are both widely used for predicting and simulating the Indian summer monsoon (ISM), and previous studies have demonstrated similarities in the biases in both systems at a range of timescales from weather forecasting to climate simulation. In this study, ISM biases are studied in seasonal forecasting setups of the two systems in order to provide insight into how they develop across timescales. Similarities are found in the development of the biases between the two systems, with an initial reduction in precipitation followed by a recovery associated with an increasingly cyclonic wind field to the north-east of India. However, this occurs on longer timescales in CFSv2, with a much stronger recovery followed by a second reduction associated with sea surface temperature (SST) biases so that the bias at longer lead times is of a similar magnitude to that in GC. In GC, the precipitation bias is almost fully developed within a lead time of just 8 d, suggesting that carrying out simulations with short time integrations may be sufficient for obtaining substantial insight into the biases in much longer simulations. The relationship between the precipitation and SST biases in GC seems to be more complex than in CFSv2 and differs between the early part of the monsoon season and the later part of the monsoon season. The relationship of the bias with large-scale drivers is also investigated, using the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) index as a measure of whether the large-scale dynamics favour increasing, active, decreasing or break monsoon conditions. Both models simulate decreasing conditions the best and increasing conditions the worst, in agreement with previous studies and extending these previous results to include CFSv2 and multiple BSISO cycles.
تأويلات الصادق النيهوم الحداثية لمعجزات الأنبياء.
Authors: بن عمران مهند إبراهيم عبد الله
Published: April 2024

يقوم هذا البحث على دراسة آراء الصادق النيهوم المتعلقة بمعجزات الأنبياء، وذلك باستقراء كتبه وعرض أقواله وتحليلها ونقدها، وبيان مدى ترابط منهجه التأويلي بالمنهج العام للحداثيين في التعامل مع التراث، وتبرز أهمية البحث في دراسته لآراء شخصية حداثية مؤثرة على المستوى الثقافي.
وقد جاء البحث في: مقدمة وتمهيد وثلاثة مطالب وخاتمة.
وأما أبرز نتائج هذا البحث، فهي: أن موقف النيهوم من معجزات الأنبياء هو إنكارها، وأن منهجه التأويلي للنصوص الدينية يستند في أغلبه على أطروحات المستشرقين، وأن جُلَّ تقريراته المتعلقة بموضوع البحث تفتقر إلى أهم أسس البحث العلمي؛ فهي في جملتها مجرد دعاوى تفتقر إلى الاستدلال والموضوعية وتتسم بالتناقض.