bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of children's health of preschool age
Authors: Dolzhykova Olena , Yeromenko Rymma , Matviichuk Olena
Published: December 2023

A strategically important and priority task of the state in the field of health care is to preserve the life and health of children.

The aim is to analyze the state of health of preschool children during 2014-2018 to determine the main diseases and influencing factors.

Materials and methods. The analysis of medical records of children aged 2-6 years was carried out in a preschool educational institution (PEI) in the city of Kharkiv (Shevchenkivskyi district) for the period 2014-2018. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine.

Results. The maximum percentage of children with chronic pathology was recorded in 2014. During the next 4 years, a decrease in the percentage of children with pathologies was observed, but this indicator remained at a high level. Among the pathologies, speech defects, whose frequency were recorded, which were evenly distributed among children aged 3-6 years. On the part of the organs of vision, isolated cases of strabismus, astigmatism and hypermetropia were recorded. Pathological conditions of the respiratory system - adenoid vegetations were registered in children aged 4-6 years. The maximum percentage among pathologies was anemia, which was noted more often in children aged 4-5 years. Pathologies of the digestive system - gastritis, hernia, and liver diseases were registered to the maximum in 2014, and then a decrease in their number was observed. Obesity, as a pathology associated with endocrine dysfunction, tended to increase but did not depend on the age of children. During preventive medical examinations, posture disorders and flat feet were more often registered among diseases of the musculoskeletal system. From the genitourinary system, pyelonephritis was registered.

Conclusion. A comparison of the morbidity of preschool children revealed an increase in the number of pathologies from the endocrine (obesity), nervous, genitourinary (pyelonephritis) and circulatory systems (anaemia)
Modern technologies for studying the genome of mycobacteria
Authors: Shapovalova Olga , Koshova Olena , Filimonova Nataliia
Published: December 2023

Molecular technologies play a leading role in the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis and mycobacteriosis. The successes in studying the genome of Mycobacterium have contributed to significant progress in understanding the evolution, variability, and genetic diversity of pathogens, as well as the development of diagnostic technologies, including research into resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs.

The aim of this research is to conduct a comparative study of the spectrum of modern technologies for studying the genomes of mycobacteria and their impact on the efficiency of the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Materials and methods: a search for sources of information was carried out in the PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Materials related to the technology of molecular diagnosis of tuberculosis and mycobacteriosis and for determining the susceptibility of pathogens to anti-tuberculosis drugs were selected.

Results: it was determined that the modern methods for studying the genome of mycobacteria include amplification technologies (PCR analysis), hybridization, restriction, spoligotyping, sequencing, and their various combinations. The main methods are standard and modified protocols of PCR (RAPD-PCR, AP-PCR, rep-PCR, Real-time PCR, Inverse PCR, TB-LAMP, HIP, LM-PCR). Genomic Restriction Analysis can be used in studies of MTBC and NTM strains (RFLP, AFLP analysis, MIRU-VNTR genotyping). The most effective method for genome analysis is WGS. Complex methods that utilize a combination of molecular technologies allow for the direct detection of mycobacteria in clinical samples.

Conclusions: the widespread application of genomic technologies in the study of mycobacteria will contribute to the effective implementation of the global WHO strategy for the prevention, treatment, and control of tuberculosis and mycobacteriosis
The importance of communication skills in the formation of leadership competence of future specialists in navigation and management of ships
Authors: Shvetsova Iryna
Published: December 2023

The article analyses the content of leadership competence and substantiates the need for communication skills for the professional activity of future specialists in ship navigation and ship handling. It is determined that the formation of leadership competence is aimed not only at achieving personal success, but also at ensuring the safety of crew members and strengthening the mental health and well-being of seafarers. The study has shown that the priorities in the development of leadership competence are communication skills (diplomacy, developed oratory skills, persuasiveness); determination (stress resistance); responsibility and dedication; development of thinking (speed, logic, criticality). The necessity of improving the «soft» skills of seafarers is actualised, which is possible through the introduction of the author's special course and active forms of work in the educational process of higher education institutions, aimed at developing leadership competence in specialists in ship navigation and ship management. It is substantiated that the leader's communication skills can be useful for the following purposes: improving crew morale, increasing the productivity of professional duties and facilitating internal communication. It is established that the formation of leadership competence involves taking into account individual psychological characteristics in the process of formation, high self-esteem, positive attitude, cognitive activity, emotional stability, courage, self-control, communication and organisational skills and systematic creation of situations. The prospects for the development of communication skills are to improve the maritime education system at all levels and to provide conditions for the development of leadership competence of future officers
Application of teaching methods and tools in "Linguistic study" classes (german language) in the training of students of the specialty "Business communications and translation"
Authors: Bychok Alla
Published: December 2023

During the training of highly qualified specialists of the "Business Communications and Translation" program, the course "Linguistic Studies (in German) is studied. In this course, teaching methods and tools are widely used to ensure perception and consolidation with the help of feedback and self-control and taking into account the individual capabilities of students of authentic material of a country science nature. The aforementioned discipline contributes to the formation of communicative and translation competence for effective communication, as well as adequate translation and mutual understanding. Thus, in classes, those methods and teaching tools are widely used, which provide an opportunity to improve students' communication skills in combination with grammar skills.

In our study, the methods and means of education are considered through the prism of training students – future translators. This makes it possible to prepare qualified and competitive translators for work on the world market of labour and services with appropriate interdisciplinary coordination of all cycles of humanitarian and specialized educational disciplines. It is a well-known fact, that perfect command of a foreign language involves not only the knowledge and ability of students to correctly use lexical units in combination with grammatical constructions at the level necessary for oral and written communication. In the educational process, students learn to perceive information of authentic content by ear and improve their reproduction skills. In practical classes, future specialists learn to model professional situations in German in order to prepare for foreign language professional communication, as well as when writing business letters, drawing up annotations, able to conduct dialog-conversation, presentation-advertising and presentation-report.

When training future translators, it is essential to evaluate the achievements of the culture of native speakers in German-speaking countries, to understand its essence, meaning and role for humanity. The fact of awareness of the importance of using information and computer technologies in order to improve professional activity is integral. It is also worth paying attention to the personal traits of the communicator - the future translator: features of the use of oratory, sociability, self-development skills and self-evaluation in certain professional and communicative situations. Such methods as "Brain-ring", press conference, round aquarium, simulation games, game design, trainings, creation of a situation of success, etc. contribute to this. The following tools are important: the Internet, virtual simulators, audio and video recordings of a creative direction, video conferences, presentations
The significance of calligraphy training for the future teacher in the context of art and graphic competence
Authors: Ageyenko Tetyana , Korsikova Kateryna , Nikulenko Svitlana
Published: December 2023

The article examines the problems of calligraphy training in the context of artistic and graphic competence during the training of future teachers. The main problems related to the insufficient preparation of the teacher for the formation of artistic and graphic skills are identified, namely the absence or a small number of hours, devoted to the study of such educational components as «Calligraphy», «Drawing», «Art graphics», lack of explanatory work from the scientific and pedagogical staff of higher education institutions about the importance of artistic and graphic skills. A characterization of the components of the artistic and graphic training of future teachers was carried out, in which the mastering of calligraphy skills by students was identified as a key aspect. The components of calligraphy training are characterized, including mastering the basics of fonts, developing the muscles of the arm and hand, learning the correct posture of the arm and body, using various materials for writing, training hand motility, learning the elements of calligraphy, creating and analyzing calligraphy samples.

The article examines the font as the basic unit of calligraphy and font composition as the art of creating harmonious and aesthetically balanced layouts using different fonts. The main methodical components of the study of fonts are outlined and some methodical techniques are proposed for teaching future teachers the basics of creating a font composition. As a result, the value of calligraphy training of future teachers for their professional activities was determined, in particular, improving the quality of teaching writing for 1st grade students, ensuring the writing culture of students, developing and supporting the speaking skills of education seekers, ensuring a creative approach, increasing the general aesthetic level of the personality of the future teacher, diversification of methods of working with students in classroom and extracurricular activities
SOME INEQUALITIES BETWEEN THE BEST SIMULTANEOUS APPROXIMATION AND MODULUS OF CONTINUITY IN THE WEIGHTED BERGMAN SPACE
Authors: Saidusaynov Mukim S.
Published: December 2023

Some inequalities between the best simultaneous approximation of functions and their intermediate derivatives, and the modulus of continuity in a weighted Bergman space are obtained. When the weight function is \(\gamma(\rho)=\rho^\alpha,\) \(\alpha>0\), some sharp inequalities between the best simultaneous approximation and an \(m\)th order modulus of continuity averaged with the given weight are proved. For a specific class of functions, the upper bound of the best simultaneous approximation in the space \(B_{2,\gamma_{1}},\) \(\gamma_{1}(\rho)=\rho^{\alpha},\) \(\alpha>0\), is found. Exact values of several \(n\)-widths are calculated for the classes of functions \(W_{p}^{(r)}(\omega_{m},q)\).
Convolutional Neural Networks for Glioma Segmentation and Prognosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Herr Janette , Stoyanova Radka , Mellon Eric Albert
Published: December 2023

Deep learning (DL) is poised to redefine the way medical images are processed and analyzed. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a specific type of DL architecture, are exceptional for high-throughput processing, allowing for the effective extraction of relevant diagnostic patterns from large volumes of complex visual data. This technology has garnered substantial interest in the field of neuro-oncology as a promising tool to enhance medical imaging throughput and analysis. A multitude of methods harnessing MRI-based CNNs have been proposed for brain tumor segmentation, classification, and prognosis prediction. They are often applied to gliomas, the most common primary brain cancer, to classify subtypes with the goal of guiding therapy decisions. Additionally, the difficulty of repeating brain biopsies to evaluate treatment response in the setting of often confusing imaging findings provides a unique niche for CNNs to help distinguish the treatment response to gliomas. For example, glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of brain cancer, can grow due to poor treatment response, can appear to grow acutely due to treatment-related inflammation as the tumor dies (pseudo-progression), or falsely appear to be regrowing after treatment as a result of brain damage from radiation (radiation necrosis). CNNs are being applied to separate this diagnostic dilemma. This review provides a detailed synthesis of recent DL methods and applications for intratumor segmentation, glioma classification, and prognosis prediction. Furthermore, this review discusses the future direction of MRI-based CNN in the field of neuro-oncology and challenges in model interpretability, data availability, and computation efficiency.
Adjudication based on the principle of child welfare by family courts
Authors: Sielski Krzysztof
Published: December 2023

A strategy of formalism prevails among judges. They rarely rule on the basis of legal principles. Although this sometimes requires them to rise to the heights of legal acrobatics, they use various ploys to escape into formalism whenever possible. In particular, they point to the compatibility of formalism with legal positivism and the rule of law. In reality, however, they are not driven by normative or axiological considerations, but by psychological ones, especially the fear of taking responsibility for the content of the decision. In this context, the work of family judges is characterised by an important difference. When deciding, for example, on parental responsibility it is difficult for them to escape into formalism, as the criterion for deciding such cases is the welfare of the child, which is a principle of family law. This, of course, opens up a discussion on the desirable extent of judicial discretion and predictability of family court decisions and, consequently, trust, both in judges and in the content of their judgments. The purpose of this article is to analyse those legal instruments that could realistically enhance trust in family courts.
The legal status of the commercial proxy – the analysis in respect of the activity on the basis of the commercial representation and within mixed representation of companies
Authors: Lechowska Dominika
Published: December 2023

The subject of the article is the analysis of the status of the commercial proxy and his authority under the provisions of The Civil Code and The Commercial Companies Code. For this purpose not only the analysis of the law was made, but also the review of jurisprudence and legal literature was conducted. In this article particular attention is being paid to the dual role of the commercial proxy. Thus, an attempt is made to estimate whether the scopes of authority of the commercial proxy on the one hand acting on the basis of the commercial representation under The Civil Code and on the other hand within mixed representation of companies under The Commercial Companies Code are identical or differ from each other. There is no doubt that the commercial proxy acting within mixed representation of companies beside the member of the board does not become the member of the board of the commercial company.
Population development of the Anthonomus amygdali Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in almond orchards in Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş and Adıyaman provinces
Authors: Usanmaz Hakan , Aslan Mahmut Murat
Published: December 2023

This study was carried out between 2016 and 2017 to determine the population development of Anthonomus amygdali Hustache, which is a pest in almond orchards in Gaziantep (Şahinbey), Kahramanmaraş (Pazarcık) and Adıyaman (Besni) provinces. The study used the beating method in almond orchards, where the population was followed. It was determined that A. amygdali started its flights between April and May in the region where the study was conducted and continued until the end of June. While the pest reached its highest level, with 52 units/100 knocks in Besni district on 20 May 2016, the next year, its population reached its maximum level with 44 units/100 knocks, in Besni district on 01 June 2017. Thus, the highest pest population was Besni district of Adıyaman province. The pest has also been found to be an early pest in almond orchards, feeding on the buds and flowers of almonds.
FLUID FLOW CONTROL IN POROUS MEDIA WITH CONSIDERATION OF ELECTROKINETIC EFFECTS
Authors: Bakhtizin Ramil N. , Panahov Geylani M. , Abbasov Eldar M.
Published: December 2023

The paper presents results of the research on the influence of electrokinetic characteristics of fluids on its flow in porous media. Experimental studies have shown the effect of fluid slippage in the channels of porous media due to the electrically charged boundary "liquid-porous medium". It is shown that the change of flow velocity profile and pressure gradient is caused by the display of electrokinetic effects in the filtration of polar liquids.The investigation has shown that the process of the electrolyte solutions filtration in a porous medium is accompanied by the change in the liquid flow rate and the electro-potential of the flow. The periodic nature of changes in flow characteristics is explained by continuous charge formation and charge interaction in the diffuse layer. Periodic charge accumulation and subsequent charge transfer across the channel cross section depending on the charge sign acquired, as well as compression of the diffuse layer with increasing NaCl electrolyte concentration in aqueous solution may be the cause of fluid flow variations. The observed effects may serve as a tool for controlling fluid flow in water-oil-saturated formations and, in particular, injectivity of injection wells by controlling electrical conductivity of water injected into the formation.
ISOLATION OF HIGH PURITY PIPERYLENE
Authors: Shevlyakov Fedor B.
Published: December 2023

Piperylene is a valuable raw material component for petrochemical synthesis, perfumery and cosmetic products, and is used as a solvent for petroleum products in the production of synthetic rubbers and latexes, and in the paint and varnish industry. Piperylene in the form of a fraction is produced in the production of isoprene by the two-stage dehydrogenation of isopentane, where it is a secondary product of the main synthesis. Isolation of commercial piperylene of high purity will allow the production of a value-added product and expand the sales market. Currently, restrictions on the production of commercial piperylene are associated with the high content of an impurity – cyclopentadiene. Previous studies by the author showed the feasibility of extracting cyclopentadiene at the stage of obtaining the catalyzate of the second stage of isoprene dehydrogenation. Simulation of the technological scheme in the application program showed that, together, the extraction of cyclopentadiene by a chemical method and a change in the technological operating mode makes it possible to isolate piperylene with a content of 99.45 % wt and CPD equal to 0.0046 % wt.
Reflexões sobre o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 6 (Água Potável e Saneamento): emergência de (novos) paradigmas e paradoxos
Authors: Ramos Francieli Angili , Piccole Eduardo Mattos de , Ribas William Villar de Castro , Romero Rafaelle Bonzanini , Romero Adriano Lopes
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a emergência de (novos) paradigmas e paradoxos, no contexto brasileiro, durante o atendimento das metas relacionadas ao Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 6 (Água Potável e Saneamento). A pesquisa realizada possui abordagem qualitativa, é exploratória quanto aos seus objetivos e utilizou pesquisa bibliográfica como procedimento técnico. Os achados da pesquisa conduziram a três reflexões, a saber: acerca do acesso universal à água potável segura; acesso ao saneamento adequado e higiene; gestão sustentável dos recursos hídricos. Ao refletir sobre os (novos) paradigmas e paradoxos relacionados ao atendimento das metas do ODS 6, contribuímos para entender uma pequena parte da dimensão ambiental do desenvolvimento sustentável e como esta se relaciona às outras duas dimensões - a econômica e a social. Diante do propósito primordial do desenvolvimento sustentável, que inclui a preservação dos recursos hídricos para prevenir sua exaustão para as futuras gerações, torna-se essencial a implementação de uma regulação eficaz desses recursos. Essa regulação deve estar sujeita a aprimoramentos contínuos, os quais podem ser alcançados por meio da participação pública no processo decisório.
Dimensões da capacidade adaptativa na governança dos recursos hídricos: Uma análise na Bacia Hidrográfica do Atlântico Leste
Authors: Melo Flávio José de , Panhoca Luiz , Silva Frederico Fonseca da , Klein Luciana
Published: December 2023

Os modelos de gerenciamento descentralizado vêm sendo, cada vez mais, valorizados no setor público ou privado, por tornarem mais ágeis e flexíveis os processos corporativos que envolvam, também, a participação da sociedade. No centro destas discussões está o modelo de governança adaptativa, que entre outros fatores que o norteiam estão a democratização, aprendizagem e transparência na governança da água. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as dimensões da governança adaptativa dos recursos hídricos a luz dos princípios institucionais de Ostrom, presentes no Sistema Socioecológico (SSE) da Bacia hidrográfica do Atlântico Leste. Quanto a metodologia, o estudo caracteriza-se como exploratório e de natureza qualitativa, utiliza-se a estratégia documental para a coleta de dados e analisa-se com base nos preceitos da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados demonstraram que o SSE analisado na governança adaptativa dispõe de mecanismos que aderem aos princípios de Ostrom, dentre estes 83% em sua plenitude e 17% de forma parcial. O modelo de governança adaptativa foi classificado como de sucesso. Conclui-se que os mecanismos de governança adaptativa que constam nos dispositivos jurídicos/normativos têm adesão aos princípios institucionais de Ostrom, e ajudam a estreitar laços, fortalecer a cooperação “trocas sociais”, e promover espaços democráticos “arenas” que permitem a  integração de diversos atores que compõe os SSE.
O filme “Próxima parada: Lar doce lar”: Uma proposta didática para o ensino de Ciências, tendo como foco a Educação Ambiental Crítica
Authors: Pereira Débora Hayane Vidal , Zampiva Khaira Nogueira , Druciak Cristiane de Azevedo , Obara Ana Tiyomi
Published: December 2023

Os filmes têm sido utilizados pelos professores de Ciências, como recurso didático com potencial de promover o aprendizado e a reflexão dos alunos sobre temas tecnocientíficos e, também,  socioambientais. A presente proposta didática de uso do filme “Próxima parada: Lar doce lar” nas aulas de Ciências, foi desenvolvida na disciplina de Estratégias e Recursos Didáticos para o Ensino de Ciências e Biologia, do curso de Ciências Biológicas, da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), com o objetivo de enriquecer a formação docente dos futuros professores, bem como disponibilizar a proposta para professores da Educação Básica parceiros do curso de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), para que estes possam trabalhar filmes, em contextos da prática da Educação Ambiental. A proposta faz parte do Guia Digital, com sugestões de filmes para as aulas de Ciências, com  ênfase na abordagem Ciência, Tecnologia, Sociedade e Ambiente (CTSA) e na Educação Ambiental, construído pela turma. A partir dos fundamentos teóricos e da prática realizada, as licenciandas puderam planejar e refletir sobre o papel dos filmes e documentários no ensino de Ciências, em especial na Educação Ambiental, ampliando, assim, o seu olhar crítico na escolha dos recursos didáticos a serem utilizados para se trabalhar com temas ambientais contemporâneos, dentro dos fundamentos da Educação Ambiental Crítica.
Analíticas de aprendizaje en la Educación Primaria y Secundaria en España: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Donate-Beby Belén , García-Peñalvo Francisco José , Amo-Filva Daniel
Published: December 2023

Las Analíticas del Aprendizaje (AA) se definen como la medición, recopilación, análisis y presentación de datos sobre los estudiantes y su entorno con el fin de comprender y optimizar el aprendizaje y los contextos educativos. A pesar de su potencial importancia, se carece de un marco claro para las AA en la Educación Primaria y Secundaria en España. Este estudio busca enriquecer el conocimiento mediante una Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura (SLR) siguiendo el procedimiento PRISMA. Se analizaron 16 artículos científicos, revelando la falta de participación activa de los docentes en el desarrollo de AA en entornos educativos tradicionales. Además, se destacó la tendencia a usar AA para predecir y mejorar el compromiso y rendimiento de estudiantes a través de juegos didácticos en diversas áreas.
SiMOA total Rab10 Homebrew Assay v1
Authors: not provided yuan.yuan , not provided andrew.west
Published: December 2023

Assay for the detection of total Rab10 protein (rodent or human) in biofluids or lysates.
Declining Cogging Torque Technique of an Integral Slot Number for Permanent Magnet Machines
Authors: Herlina Herlina , Nur Tajuddin , Kartawidjaja Maria Angela , Wijayanti Linda , Indriati Kumala , Tobing Sheila
Published: December 2023

The existence of cogging torque in electric equipment has been considered undesirable. This kind of friction in the air-gap impacts the alignment of flux and the stator slots, resulting in the observed outcome. Consequently, the imposition of restrictions on the rotation of the rotor is employed to generate electrical energy. This research endeavor primarily aims to mitigate the cogging torque of electrical machinery. The current utilization involves employing a total of 3 permanent magnet synchronous machines, often known as inset PMMs, which possess a slot count of 24 and a pole count of 8. The employed technique involves the integration of an optimal pole arc method in conjunction with the implementation of slots cut into the magnet's edge. The machine model under investigation has two fundamental variants, namely Models 1 and 2. These models are equipped with 1one-step slotted (OSS) and 2two-step slotted (TSS) edges on each magnet, in addition to pole arc optimization. The simulation was conducted using the Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) 4.2 software together with LUA scripts, with a focus on rotor rotation ranges of 1 degree. Model 2 exhibited a decrease in cogging torque of 0.01 Nm, whereas Model 1 demonstrated a reduction of 0.015 Nm, and the basic model had a decrease of 0.02 Nm. When implementing a dual-layered cutting edge on a magnet and attempting to optimize its pole arc, it is imperative to consider that the cogging torque's peak magnitude becomes substantially diminished or entirely eliminated.
Morphometric Analysis, Feeding Capacity and Proteobacteria Wolbachia Screening in the Yellow-Assassin Bug Cosmolestes picticeps
Authors: Dzulhelmi Muhammad Nasir , Norhisham Ahmad R. , Mamat Nur-Syahirah , Nasir Nursyereen , Su Suriyanti , Rosli Farah Nadiah , Halim Madihah , Wan Mohd Nor Wan Nurul Ain , Muslim Siti Asmah , Yaakop Salmah , Bunawan Hamidun
Published: December 2023

The yellow-assassin bug, Cosmolestes picticeps (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is a generalist predator that has potential use as biological control agent in oil palm agroecosystem. They are known to feed on insect pests like bagworm. To facilitate understanding on the suitability of C. picticeps as an alternative means to manage oil palm pests, and little impact on beneficial insects, this study investigated the morphological variations, feeding capacity and proteobacteria in C. picticeps. To examine the relationships between morphology and feeding capacity of C. picticeps, a total of 90 male and 90 female individuals of C. picticeps collected were measured, and then provided with weevil individuals in captivity. The results showed no significant correlation between the size of C. picticeps with the number of weevil individuals consumed. Meanwhile, the present study also want to determine whether there are proteobacteria Wolbachia sp. in female C. picticeps gut content using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification. The result showed absent of Wolbachia surface protein and Wolbachia citrate synthase coding gene amplification. Based on the present study, more information on the C. picticeps should be assessed as they have the potential as biological control agent to suppress insect pests in agricultural ecosystem.
Phytoremediation for Nutrient Removal in an Environmentally Friendly Floating Cage System: A Field Experiment
Authors: Astuti Lismining Pujiyani , Warsa Andri , Sentosa Agus Arifin , Tjahjo Didik Wahju Hendro , Sembiring Tarzan
Published: December 2023

Aquaculture is one of the efforts to optimize the utilization of water bodies. Aquaculture using floating net cages is detrimental to water, namely causing pollution from uneaten feed and fish excretion. Water quality would be degraded due to eutrophication, oxygen depletion, and uncontrolled growth of algae and aquatic plants. High concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus mainly trigger water quality degradation and eutrophication. To reduce the negative impact of aquaculture activities in floating net cages in reservoir/lake waters, an environmentally friendly cage technology that is low waste is needed. The technology offered is a loop bio-phytoremediation system equipped with floating net cages, a water management system with recirculation, and plants. The floating net cage used is a double net where the upper net consists of two nets and a bottom net. The upper net is used for rearing carp fish, and the bottom net for tilapia. The plants used as phytoremediation agents were water spinach and vetiver grass. Moreover, the physical filter used for processed water before recirculating to the waterbody in the FNC consists of sand, palm fiber, and limestone layers. The results showed that the effectiveness of nutrient removal on water spinach hydroponic (HRT=15 h), vetiver grass wetland (HRT=36 h), and physical filters (HRT=2,4 h) in reducing nitrate was 83%, 86%, and 67%, respectively; maximal reduction of the organic matter reached 94%, 96%, and 96%, respectively; as well as the highest reduction in total phosphorus was 78%, 89%, and 82%, respectively.
The Phytochemical Components of Kelantan Grown Annona Muricata Leaves and Its Anti-Proliferative Properties on Mcf-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Ismail Norzila , Rajaratinam Harishini , Che Ghazali Khairunnisa , Mohd Salleh Siti Farhanah , Wan Ibrahim Wan Suriyani Faliq Adeeba , Yahya Maya Mazuwin , Wan Zain Wan Zainira
Published: December 2023

Annona muricata leaves exhibit anti-cancer properties against breast cancer. In this study, the phytochemical components, anti-proliferative activity, and cytotoxicity of Kelantan (Malaysia) grown Annona muricata leaves were evaluated using MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The preparation of Annona muricata leaves extracts was performed with various organic solvents (ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, and aqueous) using Soxhlet method. Each extract was analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) for phytochemical analysis and characterised with Wiley and NIST library searchers. The effects of all extracts on cell proliferation were analysed using MTT assay. The anti-proliferative activity was determined by evaluating the IC50 value. Based on the lowest IC50value, further experiments were done to observe the apoptosis effect using the Annexin V-FITC technique. While for cell cycle analysis, Cycletest Plus DNA Reagent Kit was used. Both were further determined using flow cytometry analysis. The ethyl acetate-based Annona muricata extract contained terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and alkaloids. Ethyl acetate extract of Annona muricata exhibited a significant cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The most potent IC50 value obtained was 21.8 ± 3.85 µg/mL. The changes in morphology were more profound after 72 h of treatment with ethyl acetate extract of Annona muricata, including cell shrinkage. Flow cytometry analysis showed that it was induced in early and late apoptosis in vitro and arrest at G0/G1 cell cycle phase in time-dependant manners. In short, ethyl acetate extract of Annona muricata exhibited a range of phytochemical components, anti-proliferative activity and cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from Eel Extract Attenuate Gastritis and Hepatotoxic by Indomethacin-Induced in Rats
Authors: Sasongko Heru , Brilian Aulia Yulfa , Octafiani Hardiana Fega , Alfasina Nabila Rachma , Muhammad Cahyadi Muhammad Cahyadi , Sutarno Sutarno
Published: December 2023

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) potentially induce hepatotoxicity and ulcerative lesions in the stomach. Several studies have been conducted on the benefits of natural resources to overcome the problem of drug side effects. However, the use of fishery resources, such as the eel (Anguilla bicolor), for medicine has not been widely studied. Eels are rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study aims to determine the gastroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids extracted from eel (FaE). The experimental models were 42 male rats divided into seven groups. The experiment was performed for 14 days by orally administering FaE samples. On the 15th day, the rats were orally induced with indomethacin (48 mg/kg). After 8 h of induction, they were euthanized using ketamine and xylazine. Furthermore, blood samples were collected from the animals to measure the levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured, while the histology of the liver and stomach were examined. The results showed that the administration of FaE from a dose of 1000 mg/kg significantly attenuated the liver and stomach damage caused by indomethacin. The influence of oxidative stress inhibition on damage is characterized by inhibition of the increase in MDA and a decrease in GSH. This research shows that FaE has the potential to inhibit liver and gastric damage due to the use of NSAIDs. However, further investigation needs to be conducted on other specific parameters of the inflammatory mechanism.
Impact of Haze Event on Daily Admission of Respiratory System Patients in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Khairul Anuar Nurul Anis Ayuni , Samsudin Humaida Banu , Majid Noriza
Published: December 2023

Diseases of the respiratory system, especially in children and the elderly, are significantly related to air pollution. Exposure to air pollution has led to an increase in the number of patients who need hospital treatment. The purpose of this study was to learn about the effects of changes in the levels of major pollutant components on the number of daily hospital admissions of respiratory system patients. The generalised linear lag model is used in this study to demonstrate the lag structure of the exposure-response impacts. The results show that particulate matter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) component factors, as well as meteorological factors like wind speed and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, affect the number of hospital admissions of respiratory system patients. The best model is a lag 6 negative binomial regression model. Daily hospital admission is positively correlated with PM10, NO2, and wind speed, and negatively correlated with CO, O3, and UV radiation. According to the findings of the study, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and sulphur dioxide (SO2), as well as temperature, humidity, and wind direction, are not significantly contributing factors in the number of respiratory system patients admitted to hospitals.
The Analysis Level of Optimism That Influence Investor’s Risk Tolerance in Asset Allocation
Authors: Zainol Abidin Siti Nazifah , Jaaman Saiful Hafizah , Abu Bakar Ahmad Syafadhli
Published: December 2023

Investor’s risk of tolerance level has been widely categorized into three types, namely, risk averse, risk seeker and risk neutral. Nevertheless, in assessing the risk of a particular asset, investors that fall under the same risk tolerance classification may have different levels of optimism. It is thus beneficial to complement types of investor’s risk of tolerance with level of optimism. In this study, a fuzzy asset allocation model that satisfy heterogeneous investor’s risk of tolerance with regards to investor’s level of optimism is proposed. Enhancing Fuzzy Inferences System (FIS) with cooperation of optimism level, this study obtains a flexible fuzzy allocation model which is based on heterogeneous types of investor’s risk of tolerance combined with various level of optimism. Empirical evidence on 30 Malaysian shares employing the model developed shows that the proposed model successfully able to differentiate various combinations of investor’s risk of tolerance level and investor’s level of optimism. Furthermore, model is able to determine asset allocation and priority shares for each combination accordingly. In conclusion, it is shown that employing the proposed model allows investor to make beneficial investment decision according to his combined risk tolerance and level of optimism.
TOPLUMUMUZUN ENGELLİ BİREYLERE YÖNELİK DUYARLILIK DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ERSOY QUADİR Seher , AKAROĞLU Gülriz , TIĞLI Esma
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırma, halkımızın engelli bireylere yönelik duyarlılık düzeylerini demografik özelliklerine bağlı olarak sosyal hizmet bağlamında incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 2018 yılında Konya iline bağlı Meram, Selçuklu ve Karatay merkez ilçelerinde yaşayan halk arasından tesadüfi örneklem yöntemi ile seçilen 300 kişi oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmanın yürütülmesinde “genel tarama modeli” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin elde edilmesinde ise anket tekniği uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada öncelikle, halkın engelli bireylere yönelik duyarlılıklarını belirlemek amacıyla tutum ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması yapılmıştır. Daha sonra örneklem grubunun “Engelli Bireylere Yönelik Duyarlılık Ölçeği”nin ortalama puanı, tablo halinde yorumlanmıştır. En sonunda bu ölçeğin katılımcıların demografik özellikleriyle ilişkili olup olmadığı Pearson Korelasyon Katsayısı hesaplanarak irdelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamına alınan örneklem grubunun, engelli bireylere yönelik olumlu tutumlara sahip oldukları (X= 3.68), ancak aynı zamanda engelli bireylere yönelik önyargılara da sahip oldukları (X= 2.79) ve bu nedenle ölçeğin genelinde engelli bireylere karşı yeterince duyarlı olmadıkları (X= 3.24) saptanmıştır. Örneklem grubunun engelli bireylere yönelik duyarlılıkları demografik özelliklerine göre incelendiğinde; yaşça küçük olanların, yaşça büyüklere göre (p<0.001); bekarların, evlilere göre (p<0.001); hanelerindeki birey sayısı çok olanların, hanelerindeki birey sayısı az olanlara göre (p<0.05), çocuk sayısı çok olanların, çocuk sayısı az olanlara göre (p<0.001) ve engelli tanıdığı olmayanların, engelli tanıdığı olanlara göre (p<0.05) engelli bireylere karşı daha duyarlı oldukları saptanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, toplumumuzun engelli bireylerle iletişim kurmalarını, onlara empati duymalarını ve yardımcı olmalarını kolaylaştıracak öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
OKUL YÖNETİMİ ALANINDA HAZIRLANAN LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLERE YÖNELİK NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA (2018-2022)
Authors: AKGÜN Gökhan , ÖZMEN Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2018-2022 yılları arasında okul yönetimi alanında hazırlanan lisansüstü tezlerin araştırma eğilimlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, tezler; yayın yılı, yöntem, veri toplama araçları, örneklem özellikleri, veri analiz teknikleri ve konu alanları açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma nitel araştırma modeline göre tasarlanmıştır. Doküman incelemesi yöntemi ile okul yönetimi alanında hazırlanan lisansüstü tezler incelenmiştir. Çalışmada incelenen tezler YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi’nin veri tabanında yapılan taramalar sonucunda elde edilmiştir. Erişim izni olan 293 tezden, 94 tanesi konu dışında olduğu için toplamda 199 tez araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. İnceleme kapsamına alınan lisansüstü tezlerin analizi için “Tez Sınıflama Formu” kullanılmış, elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 22 paket programı kullanılarak yüzde ve frekans gibi betimsel istatistiklerden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre okul yönetimi konusunda hazırlanmış lisansüstü tezlerin büyük çoğunluğunun yüksek lisans tezi olduğu ve en çok 2019 yılında yayımlandığı, araştırmacılar tarafından en çok kullanılan yöntemin nicel, en çok kullanılan araştırma deseninin ise ilişkisel tarama deseni olduğu belirlenmiştir. Örneklem grubu olarak en çok öğretmenler ve yöneticilerle çalışıldığı, en uygun görülen örneklem büyüklüğünün ise 301-1000 arasında olduğu görülmüştür. Veri toplama araçlarından en çok anket-ölçek ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formunun kullanıldığı; yüzde, frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, t testi, Anova ve korelasyon analizi tekniklerinin en çok kullanılan veri analiz tekniği olduğu belirlenmiştir. Okul yönetimi konusu ile birlikte; demografik özellikler, liderlik stili, yönetici yeterlilikleri ve yönetim süreçlerinin en çok çalışılan konular olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre; okul yönetimi alanında daha fazla ve daha kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç bulunduğu, nitel ve karma araştırma yöntemlerin araştırmalarda daha fazla kullanılması gerektiği ayrıca araştırmalarda daha önce çalışılmayan özgün konulara ağırlık verilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
GENÇLİĞİN EVLİLİK İNŞASI: KARMA BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: AKTU Yahya
Published: December 2023

Evlilik süreci ile ilgili rol beklentilerine ilişkin araştırmalar yapılmasına rağmen evlilik öncesi rol beklentilerine ilişkin sınırlı sayıda araştırma bulunmaktadır. Gençlerin eş adayına ilişkin rol beklentilerinin açığa çıkarılması evlilik uyumuna ve aile yaşam doyumuna katkı sağlayabilir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmanın amacı genç yetişkinlik dönemindeki bireylerin evliliğe ilişkin beklentilerini karma araştırma yöntemiyle ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma açıklayıcı sıralı karma desen ekseninde yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılar iç içe karma örneklem yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın nicel boyutundaki katılımcılar 815 genç yetişkin bireyden ve nitel boyutundaki katılımcılar 29 genç yetişkin bireyden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, ardışık veri toplama yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Öncelikle nicel veriler evlilik rol beklentileri ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Sonrasında ise nitel veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu yardımıyla elde edilmiştir. Nicel veriler bağımsız örneklem t testi ve ANOVA ile analiz edilmiştir. Nitel veriler tematik analiz yöntemiyle ve karma veriler harmanlama yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Nicel bulgular; kadınların, eş adayı olan genç yetişkinlerin, fiziksel görünümü farklı olan genç yetişkinlerin ve babası lise mezunu olan genç yetişkinlerin eşitlikçi rol beklentileri üzerinde önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Nitel bulgular ise, genç yetişkin bireylerin evlilik beklentilerinin kişisel özellikler, çift uyumu ve kültürel özellikler çerçevesinde oluştuğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Nicel ve nitel yöntemle elde edilen veriler ışığında, genç yetişkin bireylerin evlilik beklentilerinin kişisel ve kültürel faktörlerden etkilendiği sonucuna ulaşılabilir.
The role of ubiquitin and heat shock proteins 27 and 70 in the oxidative modification of proteins and the implementation of dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of tumor cells
Authors: Nosareva Ol'ga L. , Stepovaya Elena A. , Litvinova Larisa S. , Yurova Kristina A.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Experimental studies of molecular control of the tumor cell’s redox status, which influences the implementation of apoptosis, are relevant for studying the pathogenesis of tumor growth.
AIM: Studying the molecular mechanisms of the participation of ubiquitin and heat shock proteins 27 and 70 in the oxidative modification of proteins, amino acids and the implementation of dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of Jurkat tumor cells in conditions of decreased antioxidant protection by blocking the synthesis of reduced glutathione.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The effect of the inhibitor of de novo glutathione synthesis buthionine sulfoximine at a final concentration of 1 mM and/or the apoptosis inducer dexamethasone at a final concentration of 10 μM on the content of hydroxyl radical, protein-bound glutathione, carbonyl derivatives of proteins, oxidized tryptophan and bityrosine, ubiquitin, heat shock proteins 27 and 70, number of annexin V-positive cells and caspase-3 activity in Jurkat tumor cells was studied. Using the Shapiro–Wilk test, the normality of the distribution of indicators was assessed. Statistical hypotheses about the differences between the study groups were tested using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney test with a Bonferroni correction; correlation analysis was performed using the Spearman method at a significance level of p 0.05.
RESULTS: In tumor cells of the Jurkat line, exposure to buthionine sulfoximine and dexamethasone was accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in the content of ubiquitin by 24% (p=0.004), protein-bound glutathione by 93% (p=0.003), oxidized tryptophan by 57% (p=0.003), and heat protein shock 70 by 56% (p=0.004), as well as an increase in the concentration of carbonyl derivatives of proteins by 53% (p=0.004), heat shock protein 27 by 104% (p=0.004), associated with an increase in the number of annexin-positive cells by 1296% (p=0.006) and caspase-3 activity by 258% relative to the values in intact cells. The relationship between an increase in the number of annexin-positive cells and caspase-3 activity with changes in the content of protein-bound glutathione, carbonylated proteins, oxidized tryptophan, ubiquitin and heat shock proteins 27 and 70 in tumor cells with simultaneous exposure to both buthionine sulfoximine and dexamethasone has been proven.
CONCLUSION: Blocking de novo glutathione synthesis and stimulating apoptosis causes activation of reversible and irreversible oxidative modification of proteins and amino acids against the background of increased oxidative stress in Jurkat tumor cells.