bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Removal of Safranine-O Dye from Wastewater Using Waste Derived Biosorbent
Authors: Ghosal Debarpita , Singh Vivek Kumar
Published: February 2020

A novel biosorbent from agricultural waste with an exceptional adsorptive capacity was prepared from the seed of blackberry (scientific name: Syzium Cumini).

Methods:

The biochar prepared from the waste seed by pyrolysis method had been characterized after chemical activation by different characterization techniques. (SEM, BET, TGA, FTIR, Proximate and ultimate analysis) to determine its physicochemical properties The adsorption study was carried out to inculcate the behaviour of the adsorption of Safranine-O dye from wastewater using prepared biosorbent.

Results and Conclusion:

The removal of adsorbate was best achieved by maintaining the following operational parameters: pH 6.3, dose of lab made biosorbent 1.26 g/L, initial concentration of Safranin-O-25 ppm, optimum contact time 120 minutes. The equilibrium data of Safranine-O (adsorbate) were analyzed in terms of different adsorption isotherm study. The isotherm data were fit to the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm model. It was best fit to Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption kinetics was well described by the pseudosecond- order kinetic model. The results of the adsorption experiments showed that for ABCSafranine- O system (Activated Blackberry Carbon-Safranin-O), the maximum uptake capacity of the adsorbent was found in the acidic medium.
Profil Kejujuran Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di RA-At-Taufiq Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Yasbiati Yasbiati , Mulyana Edi Hendri , Rahman Taopik , Qonita Qonita
Published: February 2020

Banyak  kasus-kasus kenakalan bahkan kejahatan dikaitkan dengan isu degradasi karakter. Pemerintah mengupayakan hal tersebut dengan mulai berfokus pada pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan karakter sudah harus ditanamkan sejak dini sebagai modal dan pondasi awal terbentuknya sikap dan karakter individu. Salah satu indikator karakter yang menjadi modal dasar tersebut yaitu kejujuran. Anak usia dini dikenal sebagai manusia paling jujur karena kepolosannya. Hanya saja jujur bukan hanya mengatakan hal apa adanya, tapi juga terkait bagaimana anak mengetahui perilaku yang tepat dan tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan  bagaimana  profil  kejujuran  anak  usia  5-6  Tahun  di  RA  A- Taufiq Kota Tasikmalaya. Penelitian deskrpitif kuantitiatif ini dilakukan melalui tes  kejujuran  pada  15  anak  saat  kegiatan  pembelajaran.  Dari  tes  kejujuran tersebut didapat bahwa anak usia 5-6 tahun di RA-AT Taufik sudah memiliki dasar kejujuran yang baik. Hanya saja, semakin anak tumbuh dan berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya semakin anak akan mendapatkan pengaruh pengaruh lain yang dapat menguatkan atau bahkan melemahkan karakternya.   Sehingga menamkan sikap jujur melalui upaya pendidikan karakter harus senantiasa dibangun dan dipertahankan oleh lingkungan sekitarnya untuk membentuk karakter yang kuat dari setiap individu sehingga kasus kenakalan dan kejahatan bisa berkurang.
Penjernihan Limbah Minyak Jelantah Menggunakan Kulit Pisang Kepok
Authors: Erviana Vera Yuli , Suwartini Iis , Mudayana Ahmad Ahid
Published: February 2020

Penjernihan minyak jelantah dilaksanakan di Dusun Secang, Serang dan Pereng, Desa Sendangsari, Kecamatan Pengasih, Kabupaten Kulonprogo. Tujuan pengabdian untuk memberikan solusi pemanfaatan limbah minyak jelantah dan kulit pisang kepok. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan KKN PPM ini adalah : (1) sosialisasi pencemaran air tanah akibat pembuangan minyak jelantah, (2) sosialisasi pemanfaatan kulit pisang kepok, (3) pelatihan penjernihan minyak jelantah, dan (4) pelatihan pembuatan sabun souvenir menggunakan hasil penjernihan limbah minyak jelantah. Selain itu dilakukan evaluasi yang kemudian diperoleh kesimpulan yakni keberadaan limbah minyak jelantah jika diolah secara tepat dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi barang bernilai ekonomis salah satunya sabun souvenir. Kata kunci: limbah minyak jelantah, kulit pisang AbstractThe activity of waste cooking oil purification was carried out in Secang, Serang, and Pereng Hamlets, Sendangsari Village, Pengasih Sub-District, Kulon Progo District. The purpose of the community service is to provide solutions for waste cooking oil and kepok banana peels. The method used in this Community Service-Community Empowerment Learning (KKN-PPM) activity was by: (1) socialization on groundwater pollution due to the disposal of used cooking oil, (2) socialization on the utilization of kepok banana peels, (3) cooking oil purification training, and (4) training on soap souvenir making using the results of waste cooking oil purification. In addition, an evaluation was carried out which then concludes that the presence of waste cooking oil when processed properly can be used as economic value items, one of them is soap souvenir. Key words: waste cooking oil, banana peels
Moral Value in The Story of Bangbang Teja in Balamut of Gusti Jamhar Akbar (Sainul Hermawan Transcription)
Authors: Wulandari Noor Indah , Lismayanti Heppy
Published: February 2020

Lamut serves many values the lives of individuals with other individuals in the community, good value education, moral and cultural. Lamut art over the centuries has helped the establishment of the pattern of attitude, mindset, and the behaviour of community supporters. Literary works are able to uplift its readers from the everyday to the level of superficiality is more civilized and subtil, adding to the richness of the inner connoisseur, being more sensitive to life and living. Therefore, the need to do research to learn more about the value of moral in the acts of particularly lamut Bangbang Teja Aria. This research is a kind of qualitative research with literary and sociological approach using the method of dekskriptif analysis, i.e. describing the facts which are then followed by analysis. The data source of this research in the form of translation and transcript book story lamut episode story in the Aria Teja Bangbang balamut Gusti Jamhar Akbar, by Sainul Hermawan. Prints the year 2017 published by Scripta Cendikia Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan. As for the engineering data analsis in this study i.e., descriptive techniques (Arumsari, 2016:20), which lays out the overall data in advance. Next the researchers interpret or identifying data collected. Results of the study of moral values in the story such as Aria Teja Bangbang: 1) Relationship of humans with God includes two aspects: (1) and (2) the grace of God. 2) human relationships with himself include six aspects, namely (1) optimistic; (2) to be honest; (3) the ingenious; (4) soft; (5) liberality; and (6) patient. And 3) human relationships with other human beings in a social sphere covers four aspects: (1) give nasih; (2) friendship; (3) like the meolong; (4) the faithful; (5) willing to help.
Rekayasa praktek pendidikan karakter sebagai strategi pembelajaran Sosiologi berorientasi HOTS
Authors: Kurniawan Afiri N
Published: February 2020

Kegagalan pendidikan karakter dapat berdampak signifikan pada praktek dan sudah saatnya bagi para peneliti pendidikan karakter untuk mempelajari beberapa alasan mengapa penelitian – praktek tampaknya berjauhan dalam bidang pendidikan karakter. Sosiologi dapat digunakan untuk membahas bagaimana  rekayasa  praktek  pendidikan  karakter  digunakan. Melalui cara ini, maka pendidikan karakter yang dapat dikembangkan pada jenjang Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) tidak hanya selalu berkaitan/berfokus pada etika (karakter moral), namun juga memperhatikan keunggulan (karakter kinerja) yang muncul dalam kurikulum sosiologi SMA
MAHASISWA HEDONISME NIGHT CLUBBER AND LIFESTYLE (Terhadap Pola Perilaku Mahasiswa Pada Tempat Hiburan Night Club Di Kota Malang)
Authors: Anggraini Diana Febi
Published: February 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara gaya hidup hedonis dengan perilaku kosnsumtif pada remaja. Hipotesis dalam penelitian adalah terdapat hubungan positif antara gaya hidup hedonis adanya kebutuhan  konsumen akan hiburan yang juga harus dipenuhi. Salah satu hiburan yang ditawarkan adalah tempat hiburan night club yang hingga saat ini masih banyak yang tertarik untuk di kunjungi. Mayoritas pengunjung berasal dari kalangan mahasiswa. Mahasiswa yang melakukan clubbing secara berulang-ulang telah membentuk pola perilaku. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Erving Goffman tentang Dramaturgi. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan atau library research Tahapan perkembangan yang terjadi dalam Pola Perilaku Mahasiswa Pada Tempat Hiburan Night Club Di Kota Malang.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat pola perilaku mahasiswa di  malang sebgai clubbers sekarang yang terbagi menjadi dua wilayah yaitu dengan panggung depan dan panggung belakang. Pada panggung depan mahasiswa clubbers mempresentasikan dirinya sesuai dengan status sosial yang dimilikinya yaitu sebagai mahasiswa dan sesuai dengan nilai pada umumnya di masyarakat. Selain itu terdapat tim yang dibentuk untuk menjaga pertunjukan di panggung depan. Sedangkan pada panggung belakang terdapat aktivitas yang disembunyikan yaitu aktivitas mengunjungi night club (clubbing) yang rata-rata dilakukan sebanyak 2 sampai 3 kali dalam seminggu. Beberapa aktivitas yang dilakukan di night club antara lain seperti merokok, menikmati lagu, minum alkohol, menari. Masyarakat menganggap aktivitas clubbing merupakan aktivitas negatif. Sehingga menurut masyarakat, mahasiswa tidak pantas melakukan aktivitas tersebut, karena menurut pandangan masyarakat bahwa mahasiswa adalah calon intelektual yang dapat memecahkan permasalahan kehidupan dalam masyarakat.menjadi memerlukan perubahan penampilan dan gaya dari panggung belakang ke panggung depan atau sebaliknya, dalam Goffman hal tersebut disebut sebagai manajemen kesan. Kata Kunci: Dramaturgi Perilaku, Clubbers, Lifestyle,Hedonism,
Use of Modern Resource-Saving Methods in Parts' Manufacturing and Repairing on the Example of Electric Spark Alloying (ESA)
Authors: Ivanov V. I. , Denisov V. A. , Ignatkov D. A.
Published: February 2020

The work is devoted to a universal resource-saving method of parts processing - electric spark alloying (ESA). It is used both in manufacturing and repairing. This method allows you to apply reinforced and restored coatings to various objects (parts, tools, and tooling) regardless of their shapes and sizes.

Purpose of reseach is to show high universality and efficiency of ESA method on the examples of its practical application for problem solving of machine-building production and repair.

Methods. The work is analytical and carried out taking into account authors' practical experience.

Results. Some information about ESA method, coating forming mechanism, their thickness and properties is given. Implementing strengthening technologies wear resistance is increased by 2-5 times and more by coatings of increased hardness using electrodes from metal-ceramic hard alloys based on carbides of TiC, WC and other hard compounds. The expediency of recovery technologies is shown: wear of most parts (about 85%) of various techniques does not exceed 200 um and their recovery cost is usually no more than 25-30% of a new part cost; recovered parts resource is commensurate or exceeds new parts resource. Adjusting and restoring technologies are described using specific examples.

Conclusion. Given examples of practical application of ESA method confirm high universality and efficiency of this method for solving machine-building and repair production problems. Obtained results can be used in method selecting for strengthening or reducing of various objects from metals and alloys (parts of machines, tools, technological equipment) taking into account ESA advantages.
College Student Problematic Internet Use and Digital Communication Medium Used With Parents: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kerr Bradley , D'Angelo Jon D , Diaz-Caballero Ali , Moreno Megan A
Published: February 2020

Background

Problematic internet use (PIU) is associated with mental health concerns such as depression and affects more than 12% of young adults. Few studies have explored potential influences of parent–college student digital communication on college students’ risk of PIU.

Objective

This study sought to understand the relationship between parent–college student digital communication frequency via phone calls, text messages, and Facebook contacts and PIU among college students.

Methods

Incoming first-year students were randomly selected from registrar lists of a midwestern and northwestern university for a 5-year longitudinal study. Data from interviews conducted in summer 2014 were used. Measures included participants’ daily Facebook visits, communication frequency with parents via phone call and text message, and 3 variables related to Facebook connection status and communication: (1) parent–college student Facebook friendship status, (2) college student blocking personal Facebook content from parent, and (3) Facebook communication frequency. PIU risk was assessed using the Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening Scale. Analysis included participants who reported visiting Facebook at least once per day. Multiple linear regression was used, followed by a post hoc mediation with Hayes process macro to further investigate predictive relationships among significant variables.

Results

A total of 151 participants reported daily Facebook use and were included in analyses. Among these participants, 59.6% (90/151) were female, 62.3% (94/151) were from the midwestern university, and 78.8% (119/151) were white. Mean Facebook visits per day was 4.3 (SD 3.34). There was a collective significant effect between participant daily Facebook visits, college student–parent phone calls, texts, and all 3 Facebook connection variables (F6,144=2.60, P=.02, R2=.10). Phone calls, text messages, and Facebook contacts were not associated with PIU risk. However, two individual items were significant predictors for PIU: participant daily Facebook visits were positively associated with increased PIU risk (b=0.04, P=.006) and being friends with a parent on Facebook was negatively associated with PIU risk (b=–0.66, P=.008). Participant daily Facebook visits were not a significant mediator of the relationship between college student–parent Facebook friendship and PIU risk (b=–0.04; 95% CI –0.11 to 0.04).

Conclusions

This study did not find support for a relationship between parent–college student digital communication frequency and PIU among college students. Instead, results suggested Facebook friendship may be a protective factor. Future studies should examine how a parent-child Facebook friendship might protect against PIU among children at varying developmental stages.
Demand Forecast in Retail Assortment Optimization—Based on an Empirical Analysis of Beverage Sales
Authors: Chen Jun , Zhang Xinyijing , Zhao Chenyang
Published: February 2020

This paper focus on establishing the demand forecasting model to optimize product assortments from a set of SKUs in the same category. The aim of the model is to achieve revenue maximization. Based on the attribute level, the demand model considers the consumers’ preference and the possibility of substitution between different attributes. Then it divides the product’s specific attributes and multiplies these attributes effects. Furthermore, one beverage case was applied to the demand model to do empirical analysis. Top beverage categories were selected and e-commerce sales data were collected to represent the pre-sale of whole categories. Moreover, a store named S with some beverage SKUs is assumed and applied to the model, which predicted sales volume of each existing SKU and the total revenue.
The Politics of Travel: The Travel Memoirs of Mirza Sheikh I’tesamuddin and Sake Dean Mahomed
Authors: Satapathy Amrita
Published: February 2020

Representation of the East in 18th century western travel narratives was an outcome of a European aesthetic sensibility that thrived on imperial jingoism. The 18th century Indian travel writings proved that East could not be discredited as “exotic” and “orientalist” or its history be judged as a “discourse of curiosity”. The West had its share of mystery that had to be unravelled for the curious visitor from the East. Dean Mahomed’s The Travels of Dean Mahomed is a fascinating travelogue cum autobiography of an Indian immigrant as an insider and outsider in India, Ireland and England. I’tesamuddin’s The Wonders of Vilayet is a travel-memoir that addresses the politics of representation. These 18th century travelographies demystify “vilayet” in more ways than one. They analyse the West from a variety of tropes from gender, to religion and racism to otherness and identity. This paper attempts a comparative analyses of the two texts from the point of view of 18th century travel writing and representations through the idea of journey. It seeks to highlight the concept of “orientalism in reverse” and show how memoirs can be read as counterbalancing textual responses to counteract dominant western voices.
Teaching Engineering English in the Chinese Context
Authors: Hu Yuxiu , Koda Keiko
Published: February 2020

The study describes a content-based course designed for engineering students in a non-English speaking country, shares the experience in developing the course, presents the challenges encountered when teaching the course, and provides solutions to some challenges.
Ciudad y espacio público: algunas notas sobre su disputa
Authors: González Luna Fabián
Published: February 2020

Las siguientes líneas tienen como principal objetivo recuperar una serie de argumentos respecto a la espacialidad social como uno de los recursos fundamentales de reproducción de las ciudades y así buscar contribuir en la articulación de una propuesta teórica y metodológica respecto al papel de las disputas sobre el espacio público. Se trata, por lo tanto, de una discusión que ahonda sobre la producción espacial como clave epistemológica, es decir, se pretende mantener y ampliar un diálogo conceptual que permita comprender los conflictos de los sujetos en su reproducción social a partir de cómo producen y disputan el espacio. En consecuencia, se parte de considerar que el espacio es una mediación estratégica en las formas en que las ciudades se reelaboran material y simbólicamente, signando el tipo de experiencias espaciales que se tienen y también las formas de codificación, de su simbolización. En esta dirección, se reflexiona sobre cómo el proyecto neoliberal ha significado un vaciamiento de la espacialidad como recurso de realización social, para ser instrumentalizado como eje de reproducción del mercado y como técnica de poder y, por tanto, de ordenación social. Es desde lo anterior que se aborda el papel del espacio público, cómo condición, proceso y manifestación de conflictividad social. Este texto representa un avance en el desarrollo de la línea de investigación de espacialidad de la violencia en la ciudad neoliberal que se trabaja en el Seminario sobre Espacialidad Dominación y Violencia.
Apuntes para la sistematización del pensamiento geográfico de los pueblos originarios
Authors: Toledo Sánchez Juan Luis
Published: February 2020

El pensamiento geográfico tiene una historia milenaria entre los pueblos originarios de México, plasmado en diversas creaciones artísticas de la larga tradición de representación gráfica, pictográfica, sonora, visual y toponímica del territorio, en narrativas corporizadas a ras de tierra, reflejando las relaciones sociedad-naturaleza indisolubles entre los pueblos originarios y expresados en múltiples formas de articulación y sentido sobre el tiempo y el espacio.Los símbolos, técnicas y métodos de inscripción en diversos materiales dan cuenta del desarrollo complejo de las relaciones sociales presentes en los diferentes modos de producción que existen hasta nuestros días. Los significados y las metáforas de los registros históricos o contemporáneos se presentan en clave mesoamericana o en código y lengua originarios del pensamiento y filosofía de los pueblos provenientes del ethos yuxtapuesto de las relaciones de poder-resistencia que de forma diferenciada se entrelazan en el devenir de la llamada civilización del maíz-cacao, hasta el complejo político-cultural de las sociedades en transición actuales.Este trabajo considera indispensable entender el proceso espacio-pensamiento desde una perspectiva crítica en torno a las antiguas y nuevas formas de territorialidad, la reconfiguración de los pueblos nación frente al capitalismo y las estrategias políticas que definen la transformación de las prácticas culturales sobre el territorio en contextos de conflicto, así como la importancia del territorio para el ejercicio de la soberanía y la autodeterminación de los pueblos originarios en un mundo de intensos movimientos sociales y cambios de estructura política local, regional y global con centros y fronteras porosas, móviles, permeables, simbólicas y materiales de la división internacional del trabajo sobre territorios estratégicos. Finalmente, se concluye con el surgimiento de las representaciones del espacio ya no sólo desde el Estado, la monarquía o la empresa, sino desde los propios pueblos originarios.
ESTIMASI POPULASI DAN KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT LUTUNG JAWA(Trachypithecus auratus E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812) DI RESORT BANDEALIT TAMAN NASIONAL MERU BETIRI
Authors: Rusdi Muhammad , Muttaqin Tatag , Aryanti Nirmala Ayu
Published: February 2020

Changes in forest areas into agricultural areas and settlements cause the loss of some natural habitats, thus threatening the sustainability of the Javanese Lutung population. One of the Javanese Lutung habitats, Meru Betiri National Park. The purpose of this study was to determine the estimated population of Javanese Lutung and Javanese Lutung habitat characteristics in the Bandealit Resort of Meru Betiri National Park. Habitat characteristics were obtained through analysis of vegetation data, environmental data, and data on feed types by calculating the Important Value Index (INP) and its relation to environmental conditions in each habitat type. Population differences and habitat characteristics in each habitat type are obtained through Analysis of Variance (Anova) using SPSS (Statictical Program for Social Science) software. The results showed that the estimated population of Javanese Lutung in Meru Betiri National Park was 104 individuals found in 11 groups in all habitat types where each group consisted of 6-18 individuals. Components that have a real influence on each habitat type are temperature and humidity.
STUDI POTENSI EKOWISATA DANAU PULAU SATONDA DI DESA NAGAMIRO KECAMATAN PEKAT KABUPATEN DOMPU PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Rugayah Rugayah , Prakosa Galit Gatut , Waskitho Nugroho Tri , Cahyo Febri Arif
Published: February 2020

Satonda Island Lake is a tourist attraction that attracts many tourists, both local and foreign tourists, and has abundant biodiversity in the form of flora and fauna. However, the management of the area has not been carried out optimally, both in terms of facilities and infrastructure and the involvement of the local government and community in its management. The purpose of this study was to find out the strategy for developing ecotourism on Satonda Island Lake. Data through field observations, documentation, questionnaires, and interviews to obtain data related to the potential of ODTWA (Nature Tourism Attraction Objects), tourist facilities and infrastructure, as well as public perceptions and interests of visitors. Data were analyzed through SWOT analysis to determine the strategy for developing ecotourism on Satonda Island Lake. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the development of Satonda Island Lake ecotourism is prioritized using SO (strength and opportunities) strategies with the consideration that ecotourism resources have considerable potential, but have not been utilized optimally.
ANALISIS KEAKTIFAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN DI AREAL HKM BANGKENG BUKIT DI DESA BONTONYELENG, KECAMATAN GANTARANG, KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Yusran Yusran , Sahide Muhammad Alif K , Sabar Adrayanti , Mirna Asfar
Published: February 2020

Community forest is a forest management concept that is for poor citizens who live in and around a forest area and rely their lives on the use of forest resources, IUPHKm which is forest farmer groups of Bukit Indah in Bontonyeleng village, Gantarang district, Bulukumba regency. After running five years, the monitoring of the implementation of the Community forest General Plan document is necessary in terms of institutional and business management aspects. To assess whether community forest management is truly active management or hollow management, it is analyzed by comparing management planning and its implementation on production component, distribution, and institution aspects with obeservation method, interview and document analysis so that the management of HKm Bukit Bangkeng is categorized as active forest management due to the implementation of activity the dominant field that has been done.
PARTICIPATION OF MEMBERS OF FOREST VILLAGE COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS (LMDH) IN FOREST PRESERVATION EFFORTS IN GIRIPURNO VILLAGE, KOTA BATU
Authors: Muhaqqi Wijdan , Tri W Nugroho , Ayu a Nirmala
Published: February 2020

This research was conducted in October - December 2018. Methods of data collection are primary and secondary. Primary data collection is done by questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentation. While secondary data is obtained from the department or related parties. Data analysis was descriptive quantitative and to determine the level of participation using Arnstein Participatory Ladder analysis.Based on the results of field data analysis, it is known that the level of community participation is at the level of Consultation. LMDH members at this level mean that LMDH members are not only notified of the activities that will take place, but they are also given the same opportunity to express their opinions. To create active LMDH members, LMDH in the village of Giripurno always meets every 40 days (every day). The aim is to exchange opinions, discuss programs that will be implemented or even those that have been implemented. Some programs implemented in an effort to preserve forests include planting, implementing agroforestry systems, carrying out soil and water conservation. Keywords: LMDH, Participation, Forest Conservation
INTERCEPTION AND INFILTRATION OF RAINWATER ON THE LAND OF EX FOREST FIRE ON TAHURA R. SOERJO LEDUG BLOCK
Authors: Suhermanto Oktavian dwi , Muttaqin Tatag , Waskitho Nugroho Tri
Published: February 2020

Forest fires often occur in many islands of indonesia including in Kalimantan, Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi and other regions. These fires can lead to damage for ecosystems, flora and fauna, even ecosystem hydrology. One of the hydrological system that was disturbed is the interception and infiltration. Interception is the ability of trees to retain water rain then rereleased in steam. Infiltration is the process of water absorbing into the soil, infiltration capacity is the soil’s ability of absorbing water per unit of time. This research is to know the rest of the tree's ability to retain water, and knowing the infiltration of ex forest fire area on TAHURA R. Soerjo, Ledug blocks. This research was carried out on 17-23 January 2019 in ex forest fire area on TAHURA R. Soerjo, with an elevation of 1100-1200 masl. In the ex forest fire area there are 2 dominant trees species to do measurements of interception, there are Tutup (Mallotus paniculatus) and Klerek (Sapindus rarak DC). The results of the interception on Klerek tree is 10% and Tutup is 60%.  For the capacity of the infiltration is 27, 6 mm/hour.
KONSEP PENETAPAN WALI HARTA DALAM PEMIKIRAN MAZHAB SYAFI’I DAN PRAKTEK MASYARAKAT ACEH BESAR
Authors: Soraya
Published: February 2020

The sequence of capital guardianship in thought of Syafi’i consists of grandfather, those handed down by father, and justices. The fact happening in Great Aceh society shows that orphan’s capital cannot be refunded when children legally mature. This article has purposes to know deeply the concept of thought in Syafi’i perspective in appointing guardianship for his children, seeing the consideration of justices in the Mahkamah Syar’iyah of Great Aceh. Guarder has obligation to protecting and saving children’s capital and return it back when the children grow up. The process of appointing guardianship in Great Aceh society has arranged with inviting an Islamic scholar having understanding in Islamic knowledge. The guardianship priority comes from the oldest man in a family. If there does not have the oldest man, the guardianship will deliver to other family in the line of father’s family. It seems that justices have consideration to protect the children and his capital.

Abstrak. Urutan wali harta menurut kalangan mazhab Syafi’i terdiri dari kakek, orang yang diwasiatkan oleh ayah dan kakekserta hakim. Realitas masyarakat Aceh Besar  menunjukkan bahwa harta benda anak yatim tersebut tidak dikembalikan lagi pada saat anak sudah dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep mazhab Syafi’i dalam penetapan wali dan kewajibannya terhadap anak, dengan melihat pertimbangan hakim Mahkamah Syar’iyah Aceh Besar.  Wali berkewajiban memelihara dan menjaga harta anak tersebut dan menyerahkannya kembali pada saat dewasa. Praktek penetapan wali di kalangan masyarakat Aceh Besar dilakukan dengan cara mengundang seorang ulama yang mengetahui ilmu agama. Orang yang menjadi prioritas wali berasal dari kalangan anak kandung paling tua. Bila anak yang paling tua dalam keluarga tidak ada, perwalian akan diberikan kepada kerabat-kerabat dari garis keturunan ayah si anak.  Disini terlihat bahwa pertimbangan hakim dalam menetapkan perwalian adalah kemaslahatan kepada diri dan harta anak (the best interest of the child).

Kata Kunci: wali, harta, fikih, KHI
PERBEDAAN ANCAMAN PIDANA BAGI PELAKU LIWAT DEWASA TERHADAP ANAK-ANAK
Authors: Astuti
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to explain the view of the Qanun Jinayat (Islamic criminal law), Number 6 of the Year 2014 of Article 63 on liwath (homosexuality) perpetrators between adults or adults and children as well as the ta’zir punishment exceeding hudud. The research findings indicated that the Qanun Jinayat differentiated the liwath perpetrators between adults and children because the adult punishment had been explicitly regulated in sharia law, equal to the adultery perpetrators. However, the under-age perpetrators were included in the extraordinary violation law. Accordingly, adult liwath perpetrators involving children had double punishment. The ta’zir punishment could not exceed hudud, as explained in the prophet hadith and the fiqh (jurisprudence) principles.

Abstrak: Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pandangan Qanun Jinayat Nomor. 6 Tahun 2014 Pasal 63 tentang pelaku liwat antara dewasa dengan dewasa dan dewasa dengan anak-anak serta hukuman ta’zir yang melebihi hudud. Hasil kajian dapat diketahui bahwa, Qanun jinayat No.6 Tahun 2014 Pasal 63 membedakan pelaku liwat antara dewasa dengan dewasa dan dewasa dengan anak-anak karena orang dewasa sudah diatur dalam hukum Syara’ dengan hukuman yang sudah jelas yaitu disamakan dengan pelaku zina. Sedangkan pelaku yang dilakukan terhadap anak-anak lebih kepada pelanggaran syari’at yang luar biasa. Oleh karena itu pelaku liwat terhadap anak-anak dihukum dengan dua kali lipat. Hukuman ta’zir itu boleh melebihi hudud alasannya karena telah dijelaskan dalam hadist rasul dan dijelaskan juga kaidah dalam kaidah-kaidah fiqh.

Kata Kunci: Ancaman, Pidana dan Liwat
SANKSI HUKUM TERHADAP PERBUATAN LIWATH DENGAN ANAK DI BAWAH UMUR
Authors: Safinah
Published: February 2020

This research aimed to investigate the sentence provisions concerning the criminal act of committing liwath (homosexuality) with an under-age child based on the Constitution Number 35 of the Year 2014 about child protection and Qanun Number 6 of the Year 2014 about the law of Jinayat. This study was to examine the effective punishment applied between the constitution and the Qanun. The research findings indicated that the sentence provisions of committing liwath with an under-age child, based on the child protection constitution Number 35 of the Year 2014, were sentenced for minimum five years to maximum 15 years, and fined as much as IDR 5,000,000,000.00 (5 billion rupiahs). Besides, based on the Qanun Jinayat Number 6 of the Year 2014, Article 63, verse 3, the sentence is 100 times caning or fined of 1000 (one thousand) grams of pure gold or sentenced for a maximum of 100 months.  Both types of punishments had a deterrent effect; however, the caning sentence seemed to be effective in terms of the psychological convict. 

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penulisan ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana ketentuan hukuman tindak pidana liwath dengan anak di bawah umur menurut Undang-undang No 35 tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak dan Qanun No 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat, serta manakah hukuman yang lebih efektif diterapkan antara Undang-undang dengan Qanun. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa ketentuan hukuman tindak pidana liwath dengan anak di bawah umur menurut Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak No 35 Tahun 2014 dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling singkat 5 (lima) tahun dan paling lama 15 (lima belas) tahun dan denda paling banyak Rp 5.000.000.000,00 (lima miliar rupiah). Sedangkan menurut Qanun Jinayat No 6 Tahun 2014 berdasarkan pasal 63 ayat 3 adalah ditambah dengan cambuk paling banyak 100 (seratus) kali atau denda paling banyak 1.000 (seribu) gram emas murni atau penjara paling lama 100 (seratus) bulan. Dari kedua jenis hukuman ini sama-sama mempunyai efek jera. Namun hukuman cambuk lebih efektif dilihat dari segi psikologis terpidana.

Kata Kunci: Sanksi hukum Pelaku homoseksual Terhadap Anak
THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION, NATIONAL- ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS AND THE CREATION OF STATES: THE POST–COLONIAL NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Obikwu
Published: February 2020

Critics will retort that there are well over 400 ethno-linguistic groups in Nigeria and each of them cannot have their own state!  This is acknowledged and is not an altogether unfounded claim. It, however, underestimates inter-communal and inter-ethnic relations which in Nigeria is generally cordial. Several states in the country are strictly speaking not entirely homogenous ethnically but are composed of several minority groups living together in harmony. Furthermore, there are criteria which ethnic groups agitating for states within Nigeria must meet. Political negotiations, rallies, campaigns and the like all play a part in the realization of the legitimate aspirations of ethnic minorities within a constitutional democracy. Undoubtedly, the operation of Federal Republican Constitution and the creation of states continues to attract constructive criticism. Thus, it has been argued against Nigeria’s Presidential Federalism that this type of republican constitutionalism continues to sustain and perpetuate the status of the predominant tribes more powerfully than would have occurred in a unitary system.

Abstrak: Para kritikus akan membantah bahwa ada lebih dari 400 kelompok etnolinguistik di Nigeria, dan masing-masing kelompok tidak dapat memiliki negara sendiri! Klaim ini diakui dan bukan tidak berdasar sama sekali. Namun, klaim ini meremehkan hubungan antar komunal dan antar etnis yang umumnya terjadi di Nigeria. Beberapa negara bagian di Nigeria tidak sepenuhnya homogen secara etnis, melainkan terdiri dari beberapa kelompok minoritas yang hidup bersama secara harmonis. Selain itu, ada kriteria yang harus dipenuhi oleh kelompok etnis yang mengacaukan negara bagian di Nigeria. Negosiasi politik, aksi unjuk rasa, kampanye, dan sejenisnya berperan merealisasikan aspirasi yang sah dari etnis minoritas dalam demokrasi konstitusional. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa operasi Konstitusi Republik Federal dan pembentukan negara bagian terus mengundang kritik yang konstruktif. Dengan demikian, bertentangan dengan Federalisme Presidensial Nigeria, jenis konstitusionalisme republikan ini akan lebih mempertahankan dan melestarikan status suku-suku dominan daripada sistem kesatuan.

Kata kunci: Konstitusi Federal, Kelompok Etnis Minoritas, Paska kolonial
MUHAMMAD DAN KHADIJAH: SATU KONSEP HUKUM PERNIKAHAN SEBELUM RISALAH ISLAM
Authors: Muharrahman
Published: February 2020

This paper discussed the marriage procession of the Prophet Muhammad with Saidah Khadijah, which was conducted before he was appointed as a prophet, where Islam was unknown to the Arabs. The research method used was a literature study. This study found many new facts concerning the marriage between the Prophet Muhammad and Saidah Khadijah. The study revealed that the marriage process between Prophet Muhammad and Saidah Khadijah was in accordance with Islamic teachings, even though Islam was not yet present at that time. Before the proposal was held, Saidah Khadijah herself asked the Prophet Muhammad to marry her, through a third person. Furthermore, the marriage indicated that the Prophet Muhammad was a rich person, as evidenced by the mahr (dower) given to Saidah Khadijah.

ABSTRAK : Dalam tulisan ini peneliti ingin membahas prosesi pernikahan Nabi Muhammad dengan Saidah Khadijah yang dilakukan sebelum beliau diangkat sebagai Rasul, di mana Islam belum hadir di tengah-tengah bangsa Arab ketika itu. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu studi pustaka. Banyak hal baru yang peneliti temukan dalam proses pernikahan yang dilakukan oleh Nabi Muhammad dengan Saidah Khadijah. Diantaranya proses pernikahan yang dilakukan antara Nabi Muhammad dengan Saidah Khadijah adalah sesuai ajaran Islam, walaupun saat itu Islam belum hadir. Kemudian sebelum dilaksanakan proses peminangan, Saidah Khadijah sendiri yang meminta kepada Nabi Muhammad untuk menikahi dirinya, walaupun melalui orang ketiga. Selanjutnya pernikahan yang dilakukan Nabi memberikan pemahaman bahwa Nabi Muhammad adalah tergolong orang kaya, terbukti dari jumlah mahar yang diberikan kepada Saidah Khadijah.

Kata Kunci: Hukum Perkawinan, Hukum Mahar, Hukum Perkawinan Pra-Islam
PEMIKIRAN IBNU KHALDUN TERHADAP FILSAFAT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Abrar
Published: February 2020

Abstract: the greatest contribution of Ibn Khaldun to the Philosophy of Islamic Law is his sociology theory. This theory was based on three fundamental laws: first, his stand on the law of cause and effect in social reality, second, the similarity law of social phenomena that are applied in general but not absolute, third, the law of the difference and speciality of social phenomena that are constantly changing and varied in different space and time. These three basic laws became the basic epistemological assumptions in highlighting legal differences due to the difference in space and time. On the other hand, Ibn Khaldun's theory became the basis of the legal application of social engineering, later popularized as social engineering by Roscoe Pound.

Abstrak: Konstribusi terbesar Ibn Khaldūn terhadap Filsafat Hukum Islam adalah teorinya tentang sosiologi yang dilandaskan pada tiga hukum dasar. Pertama, pendirian Ibn Khaldūn tentang adanya hukum sebab akibat dalam realitas sosial. Kedua, hukum keserupaan fenomena sosial yang berlaku umum akan tetapi tidak mutlak. Ketiga, hukum perbedaan dan kekhususan fenomena sosial yang terus berubah dan berbeda oleh perbedaan ruang dan waktu. Ketiga hukum dasar di atas menjadi asumsi dasar epistemologis dalam menyorot perbedaan hukum akibat perbedaan ruang dan waktu. Di sisi lain, teori Ibn Khaldūn menjadi dasar keberlakuan hukum sebagai alat rekayasa sosial, yang kemudian dipopulerkan dengan social engineering oleh Roscoe Pound.

Kata kunci: Filsafat Hukum Islam, Social Engineering
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP SISTEM PENYELESAIAN WANPRESTASI PRODUK ARRUM DI PEGADAIAN SYARIAH ACEH BESAR.
Authors: Asdi  , Edi Darmawijaya  , Faisal Fauzan
Published: February 2020

Abstract: Principally, each agreement made by the parties expects the parties to conduct their performance as they should. However, there is a discrepancy between theory and practice. If one party in an agreement does not fulfil its obligations properly, then the party is said to have defaulted (breached the contract). The cases of defaults occur in the financing of ARRUM Products in Pegadaian Syariah (sharia pawnshop), the customers are delayed in repayment of the loan instalment, resulted in fines when it is due. The results of the study concluded that the customer and the sharia pawnshop determined the product financing mechanism. Defaults were subject to additional fees, especially for those who do not pay the loan instalments for three consecutive months. The sharia pawnshop had settled the defaults per sharia law by charging additional fees to the customers who can afford to pay the debts but neglect on their obligations. This process is based on the Fatwa of the National Sharia Board-MUI Number 43 of the Year 2004 concerning Compensation (Ta'widh).

Abstrak: Setiap perjanjian yang dibuat oleh para pihak prinsipnya adalah menghendaki agar para pihak melaksanakan prestasinya sebagaimana mestinya, akan tetapi terdapat perbedaan antara teori dan praktiknya, ketika dalam suatu perjanjian apabila salah satu pihak tidak memenuhi kewajibannya dengan semestinya, maka pihak tersebut dikatakan telah wanprestasi (Ingkar Janji). Dalam pembiayaan Produk ARRUM di pegadaian Syariah terdapat kasus wanprestasi. Bentuk-bentuk wanprestasi yang dilakukan oleh nasabah berupa suatu keterlambatan dalam pembayaran angsuran pinjaman, yang mengakibatkan dikenakan denda ketika telah  jatuh tempo. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa mekanisme pembiayaan produk telah di tentukan oleh pihak nasabah dengan pihak pegadaian Syariah. Wanprestasi dikenakan biaya tambahan, khususnya bagi yang tidak melaksanakan pembayaran angsuran pinjaman selama 3 bulan secara berturut-turut. Sementara proses penyelesaian wanprestasi yang dilakukan oleh pihak pegadaian Syariah sudah sesuai dengan hukum Islam dimana pihak pegadaian memberikan biaya tambahan kepada nasabah yang mampu untuk membayar hutang tetapi melalaikan kewajibannya, yang sesuai dengan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional-MUI No. 43 tahun 2004 tentang Ganti Rugi (Ta’widh).

Kata Kunci: Hukum Islam, Wanprestasi, Pegadaian, Produk ARRUM
SANKSI ADAT BAGI PELAKU KEKERASAN FISIK DITINJAU MENURUT HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM
Authors: Abdul  , Jamhuri  , Irwansyah
Published: February 2020

Physical abuse is an act causing pain and injury to one's body. Today, there is a customary criminal law regulating the sanctions for the perpetrators of physical abuse, namely in Kampung Taman  Firdaus. However, the customary sanctions are significantly different from the penalties stipulated in Islamic law and positive law. The differences in the type and the rate of sanctions will have consequences on the purpose of a law formation. Therefore, this study examined the regulations of criminal sanctions for the perpetrators of physical abuse in Kampung Taman Firdaus. The results of this study concluded that the customary sanctions of physical abuse in Kampung Taman Firdaus were the fine of one goat for head injuries with blood flowing, and the penalty of one chicken for head injuries without blood flowing. On the other hand, for the physical abuse other than on the head and face, the customary sanction is only to pay medical expenses until the victim is healed,  and this sanction is not in line with Islamic criminal law.

Abstrak: Kekerasan fisik adalah suatu tindakan yang  mengakibatkan rasa sakit dan terluka pada tubuh seseorang. Dewasa ini terdapat sebuah hukum pidana Adat  yang mengatur sanksi bagi pelaku kekerasan fisik yaitu di Kampung Taman  Firdaus. Namun pada sanksi Adat tersebut terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap hukuman yang diatur dalam hukum Islam dan hukum positif, dengan perbedaan dari jenis sanksi serta bobot sanksi tersebut akan berkonsekuensi pada tujuan dibentuknya suatu hukum. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini ingin melihat bagaimana ketentuan sanksi pidana bagi pelaku kekerasan fisik dalam Adat Kampung Taman Firdaus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sanksi adat Kampung Taman Firdaus mengenai kekerasan fisik yaitu denda satu ekor kambing untuk luka di kepala yang darahnya mengalir, dan denda satu ekor ayam untuk luka di kepala yang darahnya keluar tidak mengalir. Sedangkan kekerasan fisik dengan objek selain kepala dan wajah sanksi adatnya ialah hanya membayar biaya pengobatan saja sampai sembuh, dan sanksi adat pada bagian ini tidak sesuai dengan hukum pidana Islam.

Kata kunci : Sanksi Adat, kekerasan fisik, dan Hukum  Pidana Islam.
Dialética dos conceitos em Gilberto Freyre – Casa-Grande & Senzala: o devir da democracia racial
Authors: Santiago Almeida Antônio Charles
Published: February 2020

Gilberto Freyre, autor de Casa-Grande & Senzala, pensador polêmico, mas singular no que se propõe - tradução da realidade brasileira à luz da miscigenação. Pode se dizer que nos textos desse recifense existem mais do que contradições, são, no sentido de determinados conceitos, debates dialéticos. Desse modo, o artigo aqui proposto intenta pensar o termo democracia racial por meio de um procedimento filosófico, a saber, dialética conceitual. Assim, não se pretende fazer uma defesa do autor em questão, mas para além disso, observar o debate e contribuir para novos entendimentos em torno desse polissêmico conceito. Sendo assim, o texto encontra-se dividido em dois momentos, no primeiro momento, busca-se um diálogo com os estudiosos do pensamento de Gilberto Freyre para localização e compreensão histórica de seu expediente teórico e, no segundo momento, atina-se para uma observação filosófica do conceito de dialética. 

Palavras-chave: Mestiçagem. Democracia. Dialética.
The role of the international community in preventing conflicts and establishing peace in North Macedonia
Authors: Çeliku Xhyla
Published: February 2020

This article discusses the role of the international community in preventing
conflicts and establishing peace, especially after the Macedonian-Albanian conflict
in 2001. This article also reviews the process and aid of North Macedonia’s
integration into the Euro-Atlantic structures.
The strong presence of the United States and European Union has been needed to
maintain inter-ethnic cohesion in Macedonia. The presence has also worsened the
aggravated political situation in the absence of genuine democracy such as the cessation of the Russian and Turkish influences that threatens to turn the country
back to the dark past of a perpetual authoritarianism and will guarantee the country
a widespread and deserved integration in the great European family to which it
belongs.