bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tooth autotransplantation 2: the interdisciplinary approach with emphasis on the orthodontic aspects
Authors: Jawad Zynab , Barber Sophy , Duggal Monty , Houghton Nadine
Published: July 2019

Autotransplantation relies on successful interdisciplinary teamwork, utilizing the skills of each team member to optimize the outcome. During treatment planning, orthodontic input is required to determine whether orthodontic treatment is indicated and if a suitable donor tooth will be available. The orthodontist has a role in providing pre-surgical orthodontics to prepare the recipient site for the donor tooth and post-surgical orthodontics to correct the malocclusion fully and achieve the treatment goals. This article will outline the role of the interdisciplinary team members with an emphasis on the orthodontic aspects of treatment planning and the orthodontic treatment components of the autotransplantation pathway.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Orthodontists have a key role in the autotransplantation team for both planning and provision of care. This article provides information for clinicians who wish to refer patients for autotransplantation or provide orthodontic care as part of the interdisciplinary team.
CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LAS PRÁCTICAS DE GESTIÓN DE ACTUALIZACIÓN E INNOVACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA EN EL ÁREA DE PRODUCCIÓN DE ORGANIZACIONES DE LA INDUSTRIA GRÁFICA EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Vásquez-Rodríguez María Victoria
Published: July 2019

Con base en una muestra de organizaciones de la industria gráfica en Colombia se recolectó información sobre cómo estas empresas interactúan con su entorno y cómo el empresario toma las decisiones para enfrentar los retos de actualización e innovación tecnológica. Se siguieron las pautas de una investigación de tipo cualitativo. Esta caracterización pretende aportar a la identificación de elementos que pudieran servir de insumo para el diseño de políticas o iniciativas de organismos públicos o privados que apoyan el sector. En la muestra se destacan algunas prácticas: asociarse con organizaciones que promueven innovación basada en tecnología, implementar procedimientos formales para gestión de proyectos de actualización e innovación y apoyar desde la administración capacitación en temas de gestión e innovación. Se concluye que promover y fortalecer alianzas entre integrantes de la Industria y con entidades de apoyo debería dinamizar el sector para generar e implementar iniciativas de mejora en competitividad, productividad e innovación.
THE INNOVATIVE PROCESS IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: AN ANALYSIS OF THE GREAT ABC REGION AUTOMOTIVE CLUSTER
Authors: Dos Santos Isabel Cristina , Paganotti José Antonio
Published: July 2019

This working paper describes the innovative process in the Brazilian automotive industry, taking the Great ABC region as a research object. As a reference for the contemporary industrial organization, the automotive industry stands out as a driving force behind a diversified and complex global production chain. Thus, the industry innovation process mobilizes a strategic set of agents within the industry, with repercussions on the other sectors such as the embedded technology, mobile, among others. This paper results from a qualitative approach supported by a descriptive type of research, outlined by a multiple case study and semi-structured interviews, preceded by a documentary analysis in secondary sources. Locally developed innovations involving agents from the productive chain and in partnership with competitors were identified. Results suggest the practice of open innovation, which was confirmed in field research.
What Is a Giant Field?
Authors: Carmalt S. W. , Moscariello Andrea
Published: July 2019

Study of giant oil and gas fields is useful not only to understand oil and gas habitat but also because statistical analysis of these data sheds light on future energy supplies. In such statistical studies, the definitions of both “giant” and “field” are important. The development of giant accumulations that are not fields increases the resource supply but can simultaneously decrease the accuracy of resource estimates and production forecasts unless care is taken with definitional issues.
¿Un cambio de paradigma en la construcción? Un estudio en Aragón sobre el organismo paritario del sector y la cualificación de la mano de obra como motores de la transformación
Authors: Lafuente Pastor Vicente Pedro
Published: July 2019

Resumen: La recuperación del sector de la construcción, tras una crisis muy profunda, viene acompañada por algunas iniciativas empresariales que demandan mano de obra cualificada en competencias básicas digitales y en técnicas constructivas con procesos de gestión industrializados. El resultado es que dichos profesionales no están disponibles en el mercado de trabajo. En el estudio del caso analizado en Aragón, se constata, a pesar de lo dicho, una cifra de parados elevada. Este desajuste se explica por un déficit de cualificación y formación, anudado a carencias sistémicas de itinerarios de orientación, reciclaje y empleabilidad.Se sustenta la tesis, para salvar estas contradicciones, de la necesidad de impulsar un sector innovador y sostenible, así como su necesaria industrialización, promoviendo un empleo de calidad y estable alejado de la precarización y disrupción de la actividad que ha caracterizado hasta la fecha sus ciclos económicos. El Organismo Paritario denominado Fundación Laboral de la Construcción (FLC), nacido de la negociación colectiva, puede ser una herramienta idónea para la consecución de estos fines.
La gestación por sustitución y las mujeres gestantes: aspectos jurídicos y éticos
Authors: Abasolo Barandika Itxasne
Published: July 2019

La gestación por sustitución es un método de reproducción muy controvertido y cada vez tiene más presencia en nuestra sociedad, aunque únicamente es visible su cara más amable. Sin embargo oculta que para llevarse a cabo, hay que alquilar el vientre de mujeres con el fin de tener una niña o niño, pagando sumas desproporcionadas para ello.            En España, los contratos de gestación por sustitución son nulos de pleno derecho, pero la realidad social y judicial está provocando que se cuestione si es necesaria una regulación de la gestación por sustitución. El Tribunal Supremo está dictando sentencias que están provocando efectos jurídicos de estos contratos, legalizando de facto la gestación por sustitución.            La mujer gestante en este proceso solo es tratada como un medio para conseguir tener niñas y niños, y no tienen ninguna visibilidad ni capacidad de decisión durante todo el proceso de la gestación, pasa de ser una persona a ser tratada como un objeto.
La colaboración público-privada en el fomento de la economía colaborativa en el ámbito local: una alternativa a la economía informal que trae causa de la falsa economía colaborativa
Authors: Arrieta Idiakez Francisco Javier
Published: July 2019

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar cuáles son las vías para que las Administraciones Públicas puedan en el ámbito local fomentar la economía colaborativa como herramienta para combatir la economía informal y mantener o crear empleos dignos. Un objetivo que se justifica por la necesidad de mantener vivas a las localidades más alejadas de las grandes ciudades, evitando su despoblación. Así, se parte de la idea de que las TIC resultan imprescindibles para el desarrollo local pero que su utilización también puede entrañar peligros y dar lugar a la economía informal, como ha sucedido con las plataformas digitales. Para evitar ese mal uso de las TIC, en segundo lugar, se acude a la economía colaborativa, analizando su concepto. Y en tercer lugar, partiendo de dicho concepto, se profundiza en la colaboración público-privada para el fomento de la economía colaborativa, a través del trabajo autónomo y de las cooperativas.
Reflexiones sobre la economía colaborativa y el capitalismo de las emociones: nuevos retos en el análisis del conflicto Capital-Vida
Authors: Mogollón García Irati
Published: July 2019

La irrupción de las nuevas tecnologías de la comunicación (Castells, 2006) con los dispositivos estratégicos de los Smart phones e Internet, están transformando profundamente nuestros esquemas sociales, relaciones y modelos de producción. Transformaciones que han convergiendo y suscitado la diversa gama de empleos y servicios conocidos bajo el paraguas de la “Economía Colaborativa”, detonando el camino hacia la digitalización de las relaciones laborales, con su esperable traducción en la digitalización de las condiciones laborales. El presente texto nace bajo el objetivo de una revisión feminista de estas transformaciones, insinuando correlaciones entre la Economía Colaborativa y la noción de Capitalismo de las Emociones propuesto por Hochschild (1995). Se pretende aportar en la reflexionar colectiva sobre los retos generados en la coyuntura actual de conflicto entre el Capital y la Vida (Orozco, 2006) y reflexionar sobre qué es lo que sucede cuando las emociones, el ejercicio de colaborar y las experiencias pasan a ser parte esencial del producto y del proceso de producción de capitales.
La Quality TV y la edad de oro de las ficciones seriadas
Authors: Carrión Domínguez Ángel
Published: July 2019

En el siguiente artículo exploraremos el concepto de Quality TV, y justificaremos el por qué la época en el que las ficciones seriadas se han convertido en las narraciones más importantes en la cultura mediática debe ser llamada “edad de oro de las ficciones seriadas”, así como señalaremos las razones sociales, culturales y económicas que provocan esta posición privilegiada. Revisaremos también las características de las series propias de la Quality TV que propuso Robert J. Thompson dos décadas atrás, y las modificaremos, si es necesario, para adaptarlas a nuestros días.
Euskalkultura.com: euskal diasporaren hedabidea
Authors: Goirizelaia Maialen , Iturregui Leire
Published: July 2019

En el marco de un proyecto de investigación sobre la comunicación entre la diáspora vasca y el País Vasco, se ha identificado un único medio que reúne las características que definen un “medio de diáspora”: Euskalkultura.com. En este artículo se aborda cómo se creó ese “medio de diáspora”, se han analizado los artículos publicados desde el año 2015 al 2018 para conocer su temática y objetivo y, a través de una encuesta realizada a la comunidad vasca en los Estados Unidos, se ha contrastado en qué medida estos contenidos coinciden con los intereses de su público objetivo. Entre las conclusiones destaca que la cultura se erige en el tema central de la mayoría de los artículos y, aunque coincide con uno de los principales intereses de su público, éste también señala otros temas clave como la educación y el mundo empresarial, estrechamente vinculados con el tipo de relaciones que desean establecer con su país de origen, y mucho menos presentes en Euskalkultura.com.
Música para tus (jóvenes) oídos. Usos y costumbres de la audiencia de Gaztea Irratia
Authors: Costa Gálvez Lola
Published: July 2019

La radio musical pública juega un papel importante en la promoción de la industria, la cultura musical y el idioma de un territorio. Con este contexto, se plantea una investigación que incluye a la audiencia del sistema de medios públicos: la ciudadanía. Así, la pregunta de investigación es la siguiente: ¿cuál es la percepción ciudadana de la radio musical pública en Euskadi? Se plantea el caso de estudio de Gaztea Irratia, emisora musical de la corporación audiovisual pública EITB. La metodología cualitativa se compone de focus group con oyentes de la emisora seleccionados entre estudiantes universitarios de la UPV/EHU.
Indigenismo, educación colonial y etnoeducación
Authors: Orozco Gómez Martha Lucía , Fernández Malanda M.ª Dolores , Robayo Fique Narda Dioselina
Published: July 2019

Con este trabajo se pretende abordar el indigenismo entendido como un movimiento político y cultural que defiende la identidad sociopolítica y el valor de la cultura de la América india, y que propone, a su vez, una alternativa en busca del bienestar colectivo. Esa alternativa surge del discurso postcolonial, crítico al desarrollo, y de las cosmovisiones de los pueblos originarios. Se denomina El Buen Vivir y se caracteriza por buscar otras vías al desarrollo más acordes con el respeto a la Pachamama, donde el ser humano forma un todo, siendo parte inherente del entorno natural y social que le rodea. De igual manera, se intenta mostrar cómo, a partir de los movimientos indigenistas, los pueblos originarios luchan por una educación propia que les permita mantener sus saberes ancestrales, amenazados en el presente por el neocolonialismo. Este trabajo surge a partir de la inquietud generada por las propias vivencias, resultado de la participación directa e in situ con diferentes comunidades indígenas que se encuentran en Abya Yala, y también a partir del conocimiento de diferentes investigaciones sobre el tema.
La movilización y la protesta estudiantil en el tardofranquismo y la democracia
Authors: González Calleja Eduardo
Published: July 2019

El presente artículo trata de analizar las protestas estudiantiles producidas en España desde los años setenta hasta la actualidad. Tras un recorrido sumario sobre los antecedentes históricos de la movilización escolar desde el siglo xix, se estudian los elementos de contexto, oportunidad y organización que confluyeron en el desencadenamiento, expansión y declive del último gran ciclo de protestas universitarias contra la dictadura que tuvo lugar entre 1968 y 1973. Estos factores son comparados con las movilizaciones acaecidas desde la transición democrática, para tratar de explicar las posibles razones de su menor duración e impacto social y político.
Los Movimientos de Renovación Pedagógica (MRP) en la España de la transición educativa (1970-1985)
Authors: Hernández Díaz José María
Published: July 2019

Los mrp son expresión pública de un momento histórico especial y excepcional de la España de la transición educativa (1970-1985). Son próximos y están hermanados con otros movimientos sociales que funcionan con mucha vitalidad en un contexto muy propicio para la emergencia de las libertades de todo tipo, a la salida de la férrea dictadura franquista. Los mrp tienen la aspiración colectiva, a veces romántica, de construir un mundo nuevo, una sociedad diferente y más justa, en este caso desde procesos de cambio en la política educativa y de renovación pedagógica. El paso de los mrp a grupos de renovación pedagógica más pequeños en su composición, y más centrados en aspectos pedagógicos específicos, se produce cuando el mec, partidos políticos y sindicatos docentes canalizan otras aspiraciones existentes o nacidas incluso en el seno de los mrp. En nuestra opinión los mrp de esta etapa son la constatación de un activo y multiforme movimiento social gestado y construido en el ámbito de la educación, único en el mundo e irrepetible, propio del proceso sociopolítico vivido en la España de la transición educativa desde la dictadura franquista a la democracia.
A NEW SPECIES OF BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA, AND AN AUGMENTED DESCRIPTION OF BEGONIA BONTHAINENSIS
Authors: Ardi Wisnu Handoyo , Thomas Daniel C.
Published: July 2019

ARDI, W. H . & THOMAS, D. C. 2018. A new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and an augmented description of Begonia bonthainensis. Reinwardtia 18(1): 19−26. — Based on collections from South Sulawesi, Indonesia, an amended description of B. bonthainensis Hemsl. is provided, B. grandipetala  Irmsch is placed in synonymy of B. bonthainensis, and the new species Begonia mattampensis Ardi & D.C.Thomas is described and illustrated. Provisional conservation assessments indicate an Endangered (EN) status for B. bonthainensis, an endemic of Mt. Lompobatang and several adjacent mountains at the tip of the Southwestern arm of Sulawesi, and a Critically Endangered (CR) status for Begonia mattampensis, a limestone endemic only known from the Pangkadjene Karst.
Efficacy of vermicompost and/or plant growth promoting bacteria on the plant growth and development in gladiolus
Authors: Karagoz Fazilet Parlakova , Dursun Atilla , Tekiner Nasibe , Kul Raziye , Kotan Recep
Published: July 2019

The use of environmental and sustainable ornamental flower production practices with renewable resources has drawn worldwide interest. One of these renewable resources is vermicompost (earthworm castings). In recent years, increasing demand for improving environmental quality have focused on the importance of Plant Growth Promotion Bacteria (PGPBs) in agriculture. Vermicomposts also help microbial agents function effectively in soil. In this study, a total of six treatments [A: PGPB formulation, B: Not autoclaved vermicompost, C: Autoclaved vermicompost, D: Not autoclaved vermicompost+PGPBs, E: Autoclaved vermicompost+PGPBs, F: Control (untreated bacteria and vermicompost)] were tested for their effects on the plant growth and development parameters in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L. ‘Red Beauty’) in greenhouse condition. Vermicompost was added to the related pots by dissolving in water. After the addition of vermicompost, PGPB formulation was given immediately to related pots. All the treatments were applied to soil once in three leaf stage, close to the plant root zone. Parameters in terms of yield and quality attributes of plant and corm were determined and analyzed. The treatment A increased in plant height of gladiolus of 24.55% rate. The earliest times to flowering was determined in E application (100.48 day), which also increased in corm diameter with rate of 17.41% and number of corms and cormels with rate of 151.83% according to F application. Results indicated that the treatment E promoted overall better performance as compared to other treatments diameter of flowers for number of leaves per plant, number of florets per spike, stem diameter, spike length, fresh and dry weight of flowers, the number and diameter of corm. Autoclaved vermicompost can be good choice in gladiolus cultivation but it should be enriched with PGPB.
A pena de morte no debate criminológico do Rio de Janeiro dos anos 1930
Authors: Dias Allister Teixeira
Published: July 2019

Este texto tem por objetivo analisar parte dos debates criminológicos acerca da pena de morte no Rio de Janeiro nos anos 1930, com especial atenção para o conteúdo e maneira como os saberes biomédicos e psicológicos foram mobilizados. O recorte se justifica pelo aumento do debate sobre o assunto na ambiência intelectual médico-jurídica do período, sobretudo entre 1934 e 1939. Centraremos nossa análise nos posicionamentos dos membros da Sociedade Brasileira de Criminologia (SBC), e no conteúdo do livro do advogado Jurandyr Amarante, A Pena de Morte (1938). Tal análise é feita com a inscrição e cotejamento de seus posicionamentos em meio a comunidade de debate da qual fazia parte. Procura-se, por um lado, perceber quais as ideias e noções biológicas e psicológicas mobilizadas na oposição e a favor da pena de morte, com ênfase no tema da (in) corrigibilidade dos criminosos e mostrar de que maneira o tema trazia à tona posicionamentos políticos gerais e específicos juristas e médicos.
Crime e Castigo: As consultas ao Conselho de Estado (1841-1889) acerca de Processos Criminais envolvendo escravos
Authors: Ferreira Ricardo Bruno da Silva
Published: July 2019

Este trabalho analisa a questão da escravidão no âmbito do Conselho de Estado, particularmente, no que se refere aos processos criminais envolvendo cativos ao longo do Segundo Reinado. Detemo-nos nesta pesquisa à análise do tratamento dado pelos membros do Conselho de Estado à questão escravista, notadamente, a punição aos escravos condenados pelo crime de homicídio. Um recurso importante no desenvolvimento deste trabalho se deu com utilização de fontes primárias, especialmente, a análise das Atas do Conselho de Estado. Os membros do colegiado defendiam certa cautela no trato da escravidão, pois receavam que o acirramento do debate público pudesse ocasionar desordem e a reprovação dos proprietários de escravos. O discurso legalista possuía uma importância ímpar como instrumento de controle da ordem e manutenção do status quo. As discussões travadas no Conselho Pleno se pautaram pelo aspecto pragmático da lei, pela observância estreita dos fundamentos legais, a fim de evitar posicionamentos radicais sobre o assunto.Palavras-chave: Conselho de Estado, Escravidão, Processos Criminais.
Apresentação do Volume 11 Número 21 da Revista Brasileira de História & Ciências Sociais
Authors: Freitas Denize Terezinha Leal , Rückert Fabiano Quadros , Cardozo José Carlos da Silva , Silva Jonathan Fachini da , Cesar Tiago da Silva
Published: July 2019

Apresentação do Volume 11 Número 21 da Revista Brasileira de História & Ciências Sociais           Nesse ano de 2019 a Revista Brasileira de História & Ciências Sociais – RBHCS – comemora sua primeira década de existência. A RBHCS surgiu como uma aposta de pesquisadores e pesquisadoras interessados em assuntos transversais entre a História e os diversos seguimentos das Ciências Sociais. A proposta era que cada qual, dentro das especificidades de suas áreas, pudessem trazer elementos importantes para contribuição de determinados temas em comum. Idealizada dessa linha editorial a RBHCS hoje, lançando sua 21ª edição, tornou-se uma realidade concreta. Ao longo desses anos foram mais de 200 publicações entre artigos, resenhas, traduções e transcrições abrangendo áreas para além da História e das Ciências Sociais, Políticas, Jurídicas, Educação, Psicologia e Serviço Social.E para brindar essa trajetória de muito esforço por parte de seus editores, a RBHCS em sua nova edição apresenta o dossiê “Pena de morte e penalidade carcerária no mundo Ibero-Americano (séculos XVI-XX)”, organizado pelo Prof. Dr. Tiago da Silva Cesar da Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (Brasil) e pelo Prof. Dr. Pedro Oliver Olmo da Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (Espanha). Trata-se de um tema pertinente e sensível ao nosso presente, uma contribuição de extrema importância para diversas frentes de pesquisas nessa área. Além do dossiê destacado, a atual edição apresenta também a sessão de temática livre com sete artigos. Frente a essa diversidade, a presente edição atinge a meta de nosso escopo editorial, mantendo-se um periódico multidisciplinar, que busca fomentar o diálogo às diversas áreas do conhecimento com base na teoria social.  A todos e todas desejamos uma boa leitura! Inverno de 2019Editores da RBHCSProfa. Denize Terezinha Leal Freitas (UNIPAMPA/SEDUC)Prof. Fabiano Quadros Rückert (UFMS)Prof. José Carlos da Silva Cardozo (FURG)Prof. Jonathan Fachini da Silva (UFPEL/SMEC)Prof. Tiago da Silva Cesar (UNICAP)
Sprache-Bild-Kommunikation in Imageboards
Authors: Osterroth Andreas
Published: July 2019

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Internet-Meme in Bezug auf die Etablierung alternativer Öffentlichkeiten. Hierbei spielt das Meme eine konstitutive Rolle, da bestimmte soziale Gruppen mit dem Zweck gegründet wurden, um mit und über Memes zu kommunizieren. Eine Besonderheit in Bezug auf die alternativen Öffentlichkeiten ist, dass die Textsorte Meme in die traditionelle Öffentlichkeit überführt werden kann, um Aspekte dort hineinzutransportieren. Hierbei stellen die Memes in der tradierten Öffentlichkeit unter Umständen subversive Elemente dar, die verschiedene Entscheidungsträger gerne reglementiert sehen würden.
Semantic similarity to high-frequency verbs affects syntactic frame selection
Authors: Yi Eunkyung , Koenig Jean-Pierre , Roland Douglas
Published: July 2019

This paper investigates the effect of the high frequency of occurrence of a verb in a syntactic frame on speakers’ selection of that syntactic frame for other verbs. We hypothesize that the frequent co-occurrence of a syntactic frame and a particular verb (what we call ananchorverb) leads to a strong association between the verb and the frame analogous to the relationship between a category and its best exemplar. OurVerb Anchor Hypothesisclaims that verbs that are more semantically similar to the anchor are more likely to occur in that syntactic frame than verbs that are less semantically similar to the anchor. We tested the Verb Anchor Hypothesis on the dative alternation which involves the meaning-preserving ditransitive and prepositional frames. A corpus study determined thatgivewas the anchor verb for the ditransitive frame. We then examined whether high semantic similarity togiveincreases the likelihood of an alternating verb (e.g.to hand) occurring in the ditransitive frame (Mary handed the boy a book) rather than in the prepositional frame (Mary handed a book to the boy). The results of several logistic regression analyses show that semantic similarity togivemakes a unique contribution to predicting the choice of the ditransitive frame aside from other factors known to affect syntactic frame selection. Additional analyses suggest that the Verb Anchor Hypothesis might also hold for more narrowly-defined subclasses of alternating verbs.
Sudden severe fetal compromise at a planned home birth – a case of umbilical cord prolapse
Authors: Grünebaum Amos , McCullough Laurence B. , Chervenak Frank A. , Dudenhausen Joachim W.
Published: July 2019

Background

Sudden severe fetal compromise during labor is usually associated with fetal bradycardia often due to sudden emergencies such as abruptio placentae, cord prolapse, disruption of the umbilical cord, shoulder dystocia, tetanic contractions or uterine rupture.

Case presentation

We report on a case of sudden severe fetal compromise due to umbilical cord prolapse in a patient with a planned home birth. Cord prolapse and thick meconium stained fluid were diagnosed at a planned home birth at the time of spontaneous rupture of fetal membranes with the cervix 3 cm dilated. An ambulance was called, and the patient was transferred by ambulance to the nearby hospital where the baby was delivered about 60 min after the diagnosis of the cord prolapse. Neonatal resuscitation was unsuccessful, and the newborn was declared dead.

Conclusion

Our case shows that sudden severe fetal compromise during labor and delivery can happen to even low-risk patients. When it happens at home, delay of delivery can lead to neonatal injury or death. Women who express an interest in a planned home birth must be informed of potential risks of sudden severe fetal compromise leading to neonatal injury or death when it occurs in a planned home birth and when transport to the hospital unavoidably delays timely medical interventions and delivery of the newborn.
Serious misdiagnosis-related harms in malpractice claims: The “Big Three” – vascular events, infections, and cancers
Authors: Newman-Toker David E. , Schaffer Adam C. , Yu-Moe C. Winnie , Nassery Najlla , Saber Tehrani Ali S. , Clemens Gwendolyn D. , Wang Zheyu , Zhu Yuxin , Fanai Mehdi , Siegal Dana
Published: July 2019

Background

Diagnostic errors cause substantial preventable harm, but national estimates vary widely from 40,000 to 4 million annually. This cross-sectional analysis of a large medical malpractice claims database was the first phase of a three-phase project to estimate the US burden of serious misdiagnosis-related harms.

Methods

We sought to identify diseases accounting for the majority of serious misdiagnosis-related harms (morbidity/mortality). Diagnostic error cases were identified from Controlled Risk Insurance Company (CRICO)’s Comparative Benchmarking System (CBS) database (2006–2015), representing 28.7% of all US malpractice claims. Diseases were grouped according to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Clinical Classifications Software (CCS) that aggregates the International Classification of Diseases diagnostic codes into clinically sensible groupings. We analyzed vascular events, infections, and cancers (the “Big Three”), including frequency, severity, and settings. High-severity (serious) harms were defined by scores of 6–9 (serious, permanent disability, or death) on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) Severity of Injury Scale.

Results

From 55,377 closed claims, we analyzed 11,592 diagnostic error cases [median age 49, interquartile range (IQR) 36–60; 51.7% female]. These included 7379 with high-severity harms (53.0% death). The Big Three diseases accounted for 74.1% of high-severity cases (vascular events 22.8%, infections 13.5%, and cancers 37.8%). In aggregate, the top five from each category (n = 15 diseases) accounted for 47.1% of high-severity cases. The most frequent disease in each category, respectively, was stroke, sepsis, and lung cancer. Causes were disproportionately clinical judgment factors (85.7%) across categories (range 82.0–88.8%).

Conclusions

The Big Three diseases account for about three-fourths of serious misdiagnosis-related harms. Initial efforts to improve diagnosis should focus on vascular events, infections, and cancers.
https://www.mocoda2.de: a database and web-based editing environment for collecting and refining a corpus of mobile messaging interactions
Authors: Beißwenger Michael , Imo Wolfgang , Fladrich Marcel , Ziegler Evelyn
Published: July 2019

This paper reports on findings from the MoCoDa2 project which is creating a corpus of private CMC interactions from smartphone apps based on donations by their users. Different from other projects in the field, the project involves users not only as donators but also as editors of their data: In a web-based editing environment which provides users with access to their raw data, they are supported in pseudonymising their data and enhancing them with rich metadata on the interactional context, meta-data on the interlocutors and their relations, and on embedded media files. The resulting corpus will be a useful resource not only for quantitative but also for qualitative CMC research. For representation and annotation of the data the project builds on best practices from previous projects in the field and cooperates with a language technology partner.
Properties and Evaluation of the MOBIT – a novel Linkage-based Test Statistic and Quantification Method for Imprinting
Authors: Brugger Markus , Knapp Michael , Strauch Konstantin
Published: July 2019

Genomic imprinting is a parent-of-origin effect apparent in an appreciable number of human diseases. We have proposed the new imprinting test statistic MOBIT, which is based on MOD score analysis. We were interested in the properties of the MOBIT concerning its distribution under three hypotheses: (1) H
0,

a
: no linkage, no imprinting; (2) H
0,

b
: linkage, no imprinting; (3) H
1: linkage and imprinting. More specifically, we assessed the confounding between imprinting and sex-specific recombination frequencies, which presents a major difficulty in linkage-based testing for imprinting, and evaluated the power of the test. To this end, we have performed a linkage simulation study of affected sib-pairs and a three-generation pedigree with two trait models, many two- and multipoint marker scenarios, three genetic map ratios, two sample sizes, and five imprinting degrees. We also investigated the ability of the MOBIT to quantify the degree of imprinting and applied the MOBIT using a real data example on house dust mite allergy. We further proposed and evaluated two approaches to obtain empiric p values for the MOBIT. Our results showed that twopoint analyses assuming a sex-averaged marker map led to an inflated type I error due to confounding, especially for a larger marker-trait locus distance. When the correct sex-specific marker map was assumed, twopoint analyses have a reduced power to detect imprinting, compared to sex-averaged analyses with an appropriate correction for the inflation of the test statistic. However, confounding was not an issue in multipoint analysis unless the map ratio was extreme and marker spacing was sparse. With multipoint analysis, power as well as the ability to quantify the imprinting degree were almost equally high when a sex-averaged or the correct sex-specific map was used in the analysis. We recommend to obtain empiric p values for the MOBIT using genotype simulations based on the best-fitting nonimprinting model of the real dataset analysis. In addition, an implementation of a method based on the permutation of parental sexes is also available. In summary, we propose to perform multipoint analyses using densely spaced markers to efficiently discover new imprinted loci and to reliably quantify the degree of imprinting.
Do EU Anti-discrimination Provisions Make a Difference?
Authors: Bernhard Stefan , Bernhard Sarah
Published: July 2019

Das Diskriminierungsverbot ist zwar ein wichtiger Grundsatz in der Europäischen Union (EU), über seine Auswirkungen innerhalb der Mitgliedsstaaten ist bisher allerdings wenig bekannt. Wir gehen davon aus, dass das Diskriminierungsverbot das Ausmaß von Lohndiskriminierung gegen EU-Ausländer auf den nationalen Arbeitsmärkten in der EU verringert. Diese Vermutung wird mit administrativen Prozessdaten überprüft, indem die Veränderungen von Lohnunterschieden zwischen vollzeitbeschäftigten deutschen und ausländischen Männern auf dem westdeutschen Arbeitsmarkt mit Juhn-Murphy-Pierce-Zerlegungen analysiert werden. Die Ergebnisse stützen die Hypothese: Während die Lohndiskriminierung für die meisten untersuchten Gruppen von EU-Ausländern nach dem Beitritt ihrer Herkunftsländer zurückgegangen ist, lässt sich für die meisten Ausländergruppen aus Drittstaaten gestiegene oder konstante Lohndiskriminierung beobachten. Die europäischen Nichtdiskriminierungsregeln und die mit ihnen verbundenen Übertragungsmechanismen wirken demnach in die intendierte Richtung.
Comparisons between Geotextile Pore Sizes Obtained from Capillary Flow And Dry Sieving Tests
Authors: Fatema Nuzhath , Bhatia Shobha K.
Published: July 2019

In the United States of America, two standard methods of measuring the largest pore size of a geotextile have been accepted: Dry Sieving Test (ASTM D4751, Standard Test Methods for Determining Apparent Opening Size of a Geotextile) and Capillary Flow Test (ASTM D6767, Standard Test Method for Pore Size Characteristics of Geotextiles by Capillary Flow Test). Despite several drawbacks of Dry Sieving Tests, such as the amount of time required; tendency of glass beads to become trapped, including trapping of glass beads inside the geotextiles; likelihood of imprecise preparation of glass beads; and potential electrostatic effects, the largest pore size (apparent opening size [AOS], O95) results obtained from Dry Sieving Test still determines many filtration criteria. Although the Capillary Flow Test was approved in 2002, it is still not widely adopted, despite the fact that it provides the largest pore size (Bubble Point, O98) and a complete pore size distribution of a geotextile. Decades of analyses searched for a correlation between the Dry Sieving and Capillary Flow Test results; however, none of them have been widely accepted because of the limited number of geotextiles used and a lack of proper calibration. The current study investigates a possible correlation between the Dry Sieving and Capillary Flow Test results with 51 woven, nonwoven, and composite geotextiles. The Capillary Flow Porometer was calibrated using four thin metal plates with known pore openings and two membranes. This study describes the challenges experienced during the Capillary Flow Test and factors affecting the test results. One finding is that the cleaning of calibration materials and equipment with Methanol plays an important role in the Capillary Flow Test results. The use of different shape factors, contact angles, and wetting liquids in the analyses are also considered. The outliers of Capillary Flow Test results were removed from the analysis using a box plot and whisker diagram, and a good correlation between AOS and Bubble Point (R2 = 0.78) was established.
A Socialist Superwoman for the New Era
Authors: Wang Yingzi , Mihelj Sabina
Published: July 2019

This paper examines changing representations of women in Chinese television dramas since the early 1990s and interprets them within a framework of global socialist media cultures, considering both domestic developments and transnational trends. Drawing on the analysis of three selected dramas, it traces the trajectory of televised femininity from exemplary socialist worker-citizens devoted to family and community, to more individualized middle-class urbanites. It is tempting to see this transformation as an outcome of China's integration into the global capitalist economy, the attendant retreat of the party-state from the private realm, and the infusion of Western cultural gender ideals. Yet this interpretation downplays important continuities, and misses intriguing parallels with TV dramas produced in socialist Eastern Europe. The argument pays particular attention to the enduring appeal of the socialist-style superwoman who shoulders the double burden of a professional career and unpaid domestic work while also acting as a discerning citizen-consumer.
A high rate of modestly elevated plasma normetanephrine in a population referred for suspected PPGL when measured in a seated position
Authors: Boyd Jessica , Leung Alexander A , Sadrzadeh Hossein SM , Pamporaki Christina , Pacak Karel , Deutschbein Timo , Fliedner Stephanie , Kline Gregory A
Published: July 2019

Objective

Determine rate of high plasma normetanephrine or metanephrine (PNM-PMN) in a large sample of patients according to PNM-PMN posture and age-adjusted references.

Design

Retrospective re-analysis of PNM-PMN from a Canadian reference laboratory (n = 5452), 2011–2015; most were in seated position (n = 5112) rather than supine (n = 340). An international PPGL database demonstrated expected distribution of supine PNM-PMN in PPGL patients.

Methods

All PNM-PMN from a tertiary referral laboratory were reviewed. Any PNM-PMN result greater than 2× upper reference limit (URL) was considered likely true PPGL. Results 1–2× URL were uncertain, requiring additional testing/follow-up despite most being false positive given the rarity of PPGL. The rate of results in the 1–2× URL category were calculated for each group according to collection posture and differing published URL: seated, supine or supine age adjusted.

Results

When collected and interpreted by seated URL, 19.6% of PNM required additional testing; only 4.6% being >2× URL. For patients over age 50 years, the abnormal rate was 24.9%. When collected supine, interpreted by supine age-adjusted URL, only 5.3% of PNM were mildly elevated. Possible false positives may be even lower when considering PMN or plasma methoxytyramine which were commonly high in true PPGL despite mild PNM elevations.

Conclusions

In a general medical population, seated PNM has a high rate of abnormal results, far exceeding expected prevalence. Supine measurement with supine, age-adjusted interpretation is strongly preferred prior to costly or invasive PPGL investigations.

Review of 5452 plasma normetanephrine measurements showed 20% to be high, likely false positives for most. Supine, age-adjusted measures were half as likely to be elevated.
A role for exogenous GLP-1 in the management of postprandial hypoglycaemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass?
Authors: Øhrstrøm Caroline C , Knop Filip K
Published: July 2019

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most common and successful bariatric surgeries. However, more than half of RYGB-operated individuals may suffer from post-bariatric hypoglycaemia (PBH) characterised by traditional hypoglycaemic symptoms occurring 1 to 4 hours after meal intake. The mechanisms underlying PBH most likely relate to accelerated delivery of nutrients to the small intestine resulting in unretarded nutrient absorption, large elevations in postprandial plasma glucose concentrations (constituting a potent insulin secretory stimulus), and grossly elevated postprandial plasma levels of the insulinotropic gut-derived hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) potentiating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Based on previous findings that circulating GLP-1 concentrations increased by ~100% during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia before but not after RYGB, Almby et al. explored whether exogenous GLP-1 may protect against PBH. They performed hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemic clamps with concomitant infusion of the GLP-1 analogue exenatide and saline, respectively, in individuals who had undergone RYGB surgery. Infusion with exenatide during hypoglycaemia had no plasma glucose-raising effects, did not increase the counterregulatory glucagon response, and did not affect symptom scores. In the present commentary, potentially important implications derived from the study by Almby et al. published in the August issue of EJE, are discussed in the light of previous observations on GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment in PBH. While the findings by Almby et al. do not provide a solution for patients with PBH, they contribute to the knowledge base needed to address the growing problem of PBH.
Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineolum) Resistance in NPGS Ethiopian Sorghum Germplasm
Authors: Cuevas Hugo E , Prom Louis K , Cruet-Burgos Clara M
Published: July 2019

The National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) Ethiopian sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] collection of the United States is an important genetic resource for sorghum improvement. Anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineolum) is one of the most harmful fungal diseases in humid sorghum production regions. Although multiple resistance sources have been identified in temperate-adapted germplasm in the Sorghum Association Panel (SAP), these resistance loci explain a limited portion of the total variation, and sources of resistance from tropical germplasm are not available for breeding programs at temperate regions. Using a core set of 335 previously genotyped NPGS Ethiopian accessions, we identified 169 accessions resistant to anthracnose. To identify resistance loci, we merged the genotypic and anthracnose response data for both NPGS Ethiopian germplasm and the SAP and performed genome-wide association scans using 219,037 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 617 accessions. The integrated data set enabled the detection of a locus on chromosome 9 present in the SAP at a low frequency. The locus explains a limited portion of the observed phenotypic variation (r2 = 0.31), suggesting the presence of other resistance loci. The locus in chromosome 9 was constituted by three R genes clustered within a 47-kb region. The presence of multiple sources of resistance in NPGS Ethiopian germplasm and SAP requires the inclusion of other resistance response evaluation that could revealed others low frequency resistance alleles in the panel.
Association Mapping Based on a Common-Garden Migration Experiment Reveals Candidate Genes for Migration Tendency in Brown Trout
Authors: Lemopoulos Alexandre , Uusi-Heikkilä Silva , Hyvärinen Pekka , Alioravainen Nico , Prokkola Jenni M , Elvidge Chris K , Vasemägi Anti , Vainikka Anssi
Published: July 2019

A better understanding of the environmental and genetic contribution to migratory behavior and the evolution of traits linked to migration is crucial for fish conservation and fisheries management. Up to date, a few genes with unequivocal influence on the adoption of alternative migration strategies have been identified in salmonids. Here, we used a common garden set-up to measure individual migration distances of generally highly polymorphic brown trout Salmo trutta from two populations. Fish from the assumedly resident population showed clearly shorter migration distances than the fish from the assumed migratory population at the ages of 2 and 3 years. By using two alternative analytical pipelines with 22186 and 18264 SNPs obtained through RAD-sequencing, we searched for associations between individual migration distance, and both called genotypes and genotype probabilities. None of the SNPs showed statistically significant individual effects on migration after correction for multiple testing. By choosing a less stringent threshold, defined as an overlap of the top 0.1% SNPs identified by the analytical pipelines, GAPIT and Angsd, we identified eight candidate genes that are potentially linked to individual migration distance. While our results demonstrate large individual and population level differences in migration distances, the detected genetic associations were weak suggesting that migration traits likely have multigenic control.
Deep Kernel for Genomic and Near Infrared Predictions in Multi-environment Breeding Trials
Authors: Cuevas Jaime , Montesinos-López Osval , Juliana Philomin , Guzmán Carlos , Pérez-Rodríguez Paulino , González-Bucio José , Burgueño Juan , Montesinos-López Abelardo , Crossa José
Published: July 2019

Kernel methods are flexible and easy to interpret and have been successfully used in genomic-enabled prediction of various plant species. Kernel methods used in genomic prediction comprise the linear genomic best linear unbiased predictor (GBLUP or GB) kernel, and the Gaussian kernel (GK). In general, these kernels have been used with two statistical models: single-environment and genomic × environment (GE) models. Recently near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) has been used as an inexpensive and non-destructive high-throughput phenotyping method for predicting unobserved line performance in plant breeding trials. In this study, we used a non-linear arc-cosine kernel (AK) that emulates deep learning artificial neural networks. We compared AK prediction accuracy with the prediction accuracy of GB and GK kernel methods in four genomic data sets, one of which also includes pedigree and NIR information. Results show that for all four data sets, AK and GK kernels achieved higher prediction accuracy than the linear GB kernel for the single-environment and GE multi-environment models. In addition, AK achieved similar or slightly higher prediction accuracy than the GK kernel. For all data sets, the GE model achieved higher prediction accuracy than the single-environment model. For the data set that includes pedigree, markers and NIR, results show that the NIR wavelength alone achieved lower prediction accuracy than the genomic information alone; however, the pedigree plus NIR information achieved only slightly lower prediction accuracy than the marker plus the NIR high-throughput data.
Infinitely many solutions for the p-fractional Kirchhoff equations with electromagnetic fields and critical nonlinearity
Authors: Liang Sihua , Zhang Jihui
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we consider the fractional Kirchhoff equations with electromagnetic fields and critical nonlinearity. By means of the concentration-compactness principle in fractional Sobolev space and the Kajikiya's new version of the symmetric mountain pass lemma, we obtain the existence of infinitely many solutions, which tend to zero for suitable positive parameters.
Dynamic Capabilities in the German financial services industry
Authors: Oeser Tobias
Published: July 2019

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to investigate processes constituting to Dynamic Capabilities in companies of the German financial services industry.

Design/Method/Approach. Exploratory with a qualitative approach and a multiple case study method.

Findings. The results indicate a connection of Dynamic Capabilities and the dynamism of the environment. The actual Dynamic Capabilities seem to operate in business model related activities, such as distribution channels, but not in product development.

Theoretical implications. Suggestions are given for the development of a comparative measurement concept for Dynamic Capabilities. furthermore, the inclusion of environmental dynamism in the research is emphasized.

Practical implications. Firms can use the structure of sensing, seizing and reconfiguration and apply the dimensions for the relational measurement to evaluate their innovation activities.

Originality/Value. Connections of Dynamic Capabilities to the environmental dynamism were found. Furthermore, the process lens of this research makes the theoretical concept of dynamic capabilities more graspable and gives suggestions for an operationalization.

 

Paper type – empirical.