bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Out of Searching Comes New Vibrance
Authors: daVanport Sharon
Published: November 2019

Sharon daVanport created the Autism Women’s Network (now known as the Autistic Women and Non-Binary Network, but still referred to by the original acronym: AWN, awnnetwork.org) in 2009. They channeled their curiosities and disappointments into something generative: an intersectional autistic organization. AWN sees itself as part of the wider disability rights movement. They see their quest to be to fight for autistic rights, and appreciate their place as being part of the greater civil rights movement for disabled people.
Lobbying Autism’s Diagnostic Revision in the DSM-5
Authors: Kapp Steven K. , Ne’eman Ari
Published: November 2019

From 2009 to 2012, the Autistic Self Advocacy Network (ASAN) advocated to influence the DSM-5’s revision of the diagnostic criteria for autism. ASAN succeeded in substantially influencing the final criteria and accompanying text. It worked to address community concerns that the apparent narrowing of diagnostic criteria might “miss” autistic people while nonetheless supporting the shift to a unified autism diagnosis. The historicactivismtook place through both public and private communications with the workgroup. ASAN achieved significant partial successes in protecting access to diagnosis, addressing disparities in diagnosis for marginalized groups, and blocking harmful proposals. Nonetheless, the lack of formal autistic representation within the process limited ASAN’s impact, leading to criteria that are likely still too narrow and a problematic severity scale.
Autonomy, the Critical Journal of Interdisciplinary Autism Studies
Authors: Arnold Larry
Published: November 2019

Following his diagnosis of autism and journey through neurodiversity and academia, Arnold’s desire was to set up an interdisciplinary discourse in critical autism studies to achieve a number of things and to ultimately redress the balance of academic colonialization. He founded the academic journal Autonomy in 2012 with an exclusively autistic editorship and at least one autistic reviewer for each article, to (1) republish key writings of autistic people in a citable academic format, (2) review the literature about autism from an autistic perspective, (3) provide the opportunity for scholars denied access to academic publishing by the various structural and institutional barriers, and (4) provide a forum for the exchange of ideas about autism between the medical, scientific, and sociological disciplines.
My Time with Autism Speaks
Authors: Robison John Elder
Published: November 2019

In this chapter John Elder Robison describes his mid-life autism diagnosis, and how that inspired his public autism advocacy. He began by writing Look Me in the Eye, a popular memoir of life on the autism spectrum. That led to his being invited to advise scientists, which in turn led him to engage with the research charity Autism Speaks in an attempt to change what he regarded as toxic and non-productive views of autism. Robison abandoned those efforts in 2013 but continues writing and teaching about autism and the emergent neurodiversity. He also remains involved in advising government agencies on autism policy. In this chapter he reflects on his decision to resign from advising Autism Speaks and the aftermath.
Covering the Politics of Neurodiversity: And Myself
Authors: Garcia Eric M.
Published: November 2019

American political reporter Eric M. Garcia chronicles his experience telling his own story as an autistic reporter and how it motivated him to give a larger and more holistic portrait of the movement in Washington, DC journalism from 2015 onward.
“A Dream Deferred” No Longer: Backstory of the First Autism and Race Anthology
Authors: Giwa Onaiwu Morénike
Published: November 2019

In 2017 Morénike Giwa Onaiwu as an editor alongside Lydia X. Z. Brown and E. Ashkenazy published the first-ever anthology on race and autism entitled All the Weight of Our Dreams: On Living Racialized Autism. The anthology aims to make the experiences, stories, and images of autistic people of color more public and central within the sphere of disability by giving voice to racialized activismin autism and neurodiversity.
From Exclusion to Acceptance: Independent Living on the Autistic Spectrum
Authors: Dekker Martijn
Published: November 2019

In 1996 Martijn Dekker of the Netherlands founded Independent Living on the Autistic Spectrum (InLv), an e-mail list for autistic people. First run by hand on dial-up, InLv was also the first fully autistic-run, self-hosted online autism community. With forums on topics from “advocacy” to “brain” to daily living such as “self-care”, “employment”, “social”, and “family”, InLv provided a venue for discussions that gave rise to neurodiversity concepts and members published influential essays that remain online. The group provided mutual support to accept autistic people as individuals, promoting inclusion and resisting conformity while helping one another to self-advocate and secure civil rights and appropriate services.
Losing
Authors: Baggs Mel
Published: November 2019

In 2005 Mel Baggs contributed an important action to the neurodiversity movement’s development. In response to the website “Getting the Word Out” published by theAutism Society of America, Baggs came up with their own version, “Getting the Truth Out,”a websitethat displayed black-and-white selfies, mashed together with negative medical descriptions used for them to make the point that you can make anyone look terrible if you describe them selectively and that stances like those conveyed on the “Getting the Word Out” website harm autistic people. Baggs had thought they failed to convey their message, but learned that the website had an impact. They emphasize that sometimes what you do has important effects even when you seem to be failing or losing.
The Autistic Genocide Clock
Authors: Evans Meg
Published: November 2019

The Autistic Genocide Clock was created by Autistic activist Meg Evans in 2005. The Clock was a ten-year countdown in the image of a clock in response to researcher Dr. Joseph Buxbaum’s public pronouncement that genetic research on autism could lead to a prenatal genetic test within 10 years. Evans’ point was that a prenatal genetic test for autism could lead to abortions of fetuses that test positive for autism: a form of genocide in her view. The Autistic Genocide Clock warned about the risk of genocide to the autistic population that drew parallels to historic attempts to eliminate minority groups. Evans took the clock down in 2011 after the prenatal test seemed unlikely and the culture had moved much further towards acceptance.
Mass spectrum of the hidden-charm pentaquarks in the compact diquark model
Authors: Ali Ahmed , Ahmed Ishtiaq , Aslam M. Jamil , Parkhomenko Alexander Ya. , Rehman Abdur
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The LHCb collaboration have recently updated their analysis of the resonant J/ 𝜓 p mass spectrum in the decay

$$ {\varLambda}_b^0 $$

Λ
b
0

→ J/𝜓 p K

−
, making use of their combined Run 1 and Run 2 data. In the updated analysis, three narrow states, P

c
(4312)+, P

c
(4440)+, and P

c
(4457)+, are observed. The spin-parity assignments of these states are not yet known. We interpret these narrow resonances as compact hidden-charm diquark-diquark- antiquark pentaquarks. Using an effective Hamiltonian, based on constituent quarks and diquarks, we calculate the pentaquark mass spectrum for the complete SU (3)
F
lowest S- and P -wave multiplets, taking into account dominant spin-spin, spin-orbit, orbital and tensor interactions. The resulting spectrum is very rich and we work out the quark flavor compositions, masses, and J

P
quantum numbers of the pentaquarks. However, heavy quark symmetry restricts the observable states in Λ
b
-baryon, as well as in the decays of the other weakly-decaying b-baryons, Ξ
b
and Ω
b
. In addition, some of the pentaquark states are estimated to lie below the J/ 𝜓 p threshold in Λ
b
-decays (and corresponding thresholds in Ξ
b
- and Ω
b
-decays). They decay via c

$$ \overline{c} $$

c
¯

annihilation into light hadrons or a dilepton pair, and are expected to be narrower than the P

c
-states observed. We anticipate their discovery, as well as of the other pentaquark states present in the spectrum at the LHC, and in the long-term future at a Tera-Z factory.
Reparameterization invariant operator basis for NRQED and HQET
Authors: Kobach Andrew , Pal Sridip
Published: November 2019

Abstract

We provide a self-contained discussion of how reparameterization invariance connects a rotationally-invariant heavy particle effective theory with a single heavy fermion to a Lorentz-invariant theory. Furthermore, using Hilbert-series methods, a Lorentz- invariant operator basis is tabulated, up to and including operators of order 1/M4, when the fermion couples to an external U(1) or SU(3) gauge interaction.
New observational insights into the atmospheric circulation over the Euro-Atlantic sector since 1685
Authors: Mellado-Cano Javier , Barriopedro David , García-Herrera Ricardo , Trigo Ricardo M.
Published: November 2019

Wind direction kept in ships’ logbooks is a consolidated but underexploited observational source of relevant climatic information. In this paper, we present four indices of the monthly frequency of wind direction, one for each cardinal direction: Northerly (NI), Easterly (EI), Southerly (SI) and Westerly (WI), based on daily wind direction observations taken aboard ships over the English Channel. These Directional Indices (DIs) are the longest observational record of atmospheric circulation to date at the daily scale, covering the 1685–2014 period. DIs anomalies are associated with near-surface climatic signals over large areas of Europe in all seasons, with zonal indices (WI and EI) and meridional indices (NI and SI) often affecting different regions. Statistical models including all DIs are able to explain a considerable amount of European climate variability, in most cases higher than that accounted for by the North Atlantic Oscillation. As such, the DIs are able to reproduce the known European climatic history and provide new insights of certain episodes from monthly to multi-decadal time scales such as the warm winter decade of 1730–1739 or the extremely cold 1902 summer. The DIs show the potential to better constrain the atmospheric circulation response to external forcings and its associated anomalies. In particular, we provide first observational evidences of all year-round atmospheric circulation signals following the strongest tropical volcanic eruptions of the last three centuries. These signatures are more complex than previously thought and suggest that the well-reported winter warming and summer cooling cannot be simply interpreted in terms of changes in zonality.
The use of stretching devices for treatment of trismus in head and neck cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: van der Geer Sarah J. , Reintsema Harry , Kamstra Jolanda I. , Roodenburg Jan L. N. , Dijkstra Pieter U.
Published: November 2019

Purpose

To compare the effects of two stretching devices, the TheraBite® Jaw Motion Rehabilitation System™ and the Dynasplint Trismus System®, on maximal mouth opening in head and neck cancer patients.

Methods

Patients were randomly assigned to one of two exercise groups: the TheraBite® Jaw Motion Rehabilitation System™ group or the Dynasplint Trismus System® group. Patients performed stretching exercises for 3 months. During the three study visits, maximal mouth opening was measured and the patients completed questionnaires on mandibular function and quality of life.

Results

In our study population (n = 27), five patients did not start the exercise protocol, eight patients discontinued exercises, and two patients were lost to follow-up. No significant differences regarding the change in mouth opening between the two devices were found. Patients had an increase in MMO of 3.0 mm (IQR − 2.0; 4.0) using the TheraBite® Jaw Motion Rehabilitation System™ and 1.5 mm (IQR 1.0; 3.0) using the Dynasplint Trismus System®. Exercising with either stretching device was challenging for the patients due to the intensive exercise protocol, pain during the exercises, fitting problems with the stretching device, and overall deterioration of their medical condition.

Conclusions

The effects of the two stretching devices did not differ significantly in our study population. The factors described, influencing the progression of stretching exercises, need to be taken into account when prescribing a similar stretching regimen for trismus in head and neck cancer patients.

Trial registration

NTR - Dutch Trial Register number: 5589
Expression of gingival crevicular fluid markers during early and late healing of intrabony defects after surgical treatment: a systematic review
Authors: Koidou V. P. , Chatzopoulos G. S. , Tomas I. , Nibali L. , Donos N.
Published: November 2019

Background

Surgical treatments such as guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and access flap surgery are widely employed for the treatment of intrabony defects. However, little is known regarding the postoperative expression of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) markers.

Objective

The aim of this systematic review was to compare the expression of GCF markers following treatment of periodontal intrabony defects with guided tissue regeneration or access surgery. The association of the markers’ expression with the clinical outcome was also assessed.

Methods

An electronic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, OpenGrey, LILACS and Cochrane Library up to December 2018 complemented by a manual search. Human, prospective clinical studies were identified. The changes from baseline up to 30 days (early healing) and 3 months (late healing) were assessed.

Results

A total of 164 publications were identified and reviewed for eligibility. Of these, 10 publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The included studies evaluated 15 different GCF markers with a follow-up time between 21 and 360 days postoperatively. PDGF, VEGF and TIMP-1 changes were often investigated in the included studies; however, contrasting results were reported. Two studies agreed that both GTR and OFD lead to similar OPG level changes. TGF-β1 is increased early postoperatively, irrespective of the surgical technique employed.

Conclusion

There is limited evidence available on the expression of GCF markers after surgical interventions of intrabony periodontal defects. However, OPG and TGF-β1 tend to increase early post-operatively, irrespective of the surgical technique employed, irrespective of the surgical technique employed.

Clinical relevance

More well-designed, powered studies with sampling periods reflecting the regenerative process are needed, and future research should focus on employing standardised protocols for collecting, storing and analysing GCF markers.
Clinician compliance to recommendations regarding the risk of suicidality with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of children and adolescents
Authors: Sørensen Johanne Østerby , Rasmussen Annette , Roesbjerg Troels , Pagsberg Anne Katrine
Published: November 2019

Meta-analyses of randomized-controlled trials have established a heightened risk of suicidality for children and adolescents treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The present study examined to what extent daily clinical practice complied with specific recommendations regarding the risk of suicidality when treating children and adolescents with SSRIs. All in- and outpatients aged 0–17 years at the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark with a prescription for SSRI on January 1st, 2016 were identified. Data were obtained for n = 365 patients regarding the level of clinician compliance to deliver pre-consent information about adverse effects, monitor for suicidality, and provide non-pharmacological interventions. 81.7% (n = 298) of patients received pre-consent information about adverse effects. 67.7% (n = 247) were monitored for suicidality within 6 weeks after SSRI initiation. Children (0–13 years) were less likely to be monitored for suicidality compared to adolescents (14–17 years) (49.6% vs. 77.5%, p < 0.001). Patients with depression as indication for SSRI treatment were more likely to be monitored for suicidality than patients with other indications (OR = 3.4, p = 0,002) and more likely to receive information specifically about suicidality (34.7% vs. 19.7%, p = 0.002). Respectively, 89.3% (n = 326) and 93.4% (n = 341) of all SSRI-treated patients were treated with non-pharmacological interventions prior to and in parallel with SSRI treatment. For the majority of cases, treatment of children and adolescents with SSRI complied with recommendations from clinical guidelines. However, patients of younger age and/or with indications for SSRIs other than depression were less likely to be managed according to recommendations.
Study of the correlation between the composition, structure and crystallization in frits designed for single fast-firing glazes with variable BaO content
Authors: Gajek Marcin
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the results of investigation on the development of frits for single fast-firing glazes with variable BaO content based on the SiO2–Al2O3–CaO–MgO–ZnO–(BaO) system, fired at a maximum temperature of 1220 °C. The study of the correlation between the composition, structure and crystallization of frits and glazes was carried out using various methods for materials characterization, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dilatometry (DIL), hot-stage microscopy (HSM), X-ray diffraction and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. DSC and X-ray diffraction showed a high tendency to crystallize the tested frits. DSC curves showed that all glazes crystallized during heating in a narrow-temperature range ≈ 938–955 °C, and the introduction of BaO shifted the maximum of exothermic peaks toward higher temperatures. X-ray analysis revealed the presence of diopside and anorthite as the main crystalline phases. The introduction of 5 mass% BaO to the frit composition promoted the crystallization of the additional crystalline phase of barium feldspar (BaAl2Si2O8). In addition, in this composition a strong exothermic effect on the DSC curve at the cooling stage was observed. The analysis of data obtained from thermal studies also showed that the addition of BaO to the chemical composition of the frits resulted in a decrease in the glass transition temperature (Tg) and in reduction in viscosity calculated on the basis of the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equation (HSM, DIL).
Impulsive vibration mitigation through a nonlinear tuned vibration absorber
Authors: Habib Giuseppe , Kádár Fanni , Papp Bálint
Published: November 2019

The dynamics of a nonlinear passive vibration absorber conceived to mitigate vibrations of a nonlinear host structure is considered in this paper. The system under study is composed of a primary system, consisting of an undamped nonlinear oscillator of Duffing type, and a nonlinear dynamic vibration absorber, denominated nonlinear tuned vibration absorber (NLTVA). The NLTVA consists of a small mass, attached to the host structure through a linear damper, a linear and a cubic spring. The host structure is subject to free vibrations and the performance of the NLTVA is evaluated with respect to the minimal time required to dissipate a specific amount of the mechanical energy of the system. In order to characterize the dynamics of the system, a combination of numerical and analytical techniques is implemented. In particular, on the basis of the first-order reduced model, slow invariant manifolds of the transient dynamics are identified, which enable to estimate the absorber performance. Results illustrate that two different dynamical paths exist and the system can undergo either of them, depending on the initial conditions and on the value of the absorber nonlinear stiffness coefficient. One path leads to a very fast vibration mitigation, and therefore to a favorable behavior, while the other one causes a very slow energy dissipation.
Metabolomic studies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Mielko Karolina Anna , Jabłoński Sławomir Jan , Milczewska Justyna , Sands Dorota , Łukaszewicz Marcin , Młynarz Piotr
Published: November 2019

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common, Gram-negative environmental organism. It can be a significant pathogenic factor of severe infections in humans, especially in cystic fibrosis patients. Due to its natural resistance to antibiotics and the ability to form biofilms, infection with this pathogen can cause severe therapeutic problems. In recent years, metabolomic studies of P. aeruginosa have been performed. Therefore, in this review, we discussed recent achievements in the use of metabolomics methods in bacterial identification, differentiation, the interconnection between genome and metabolome, the influence of external factors on the bacterial metabolome and identification of new metabolites produced by P. aeruginosa. All of these studies may provide valuable information about metabolic pathways leading to an understanding of the adaptations of bacterial strains to a host environment, which can lead to new drug development and/or elaboration of new treatment and diagnostics strategies for Pseudomonas.

Graphic abstract
A new approach for scheduling of multipurpose batch processes with unlimited intermediate storage policy
Authors: Rakovitis Nikolaos , Zhang Nan , Li Jie , Zhang Liping
Published: November 2019

The increasing demand of goods, the high competitiveness in the global marketplace as well as the need to minimize the ecological footprint lead multipurpose batch process industries to seek ways to maximize their productivity with a simultaneous reduction of raw materials and utility consumption and efficient use of processing units. Optimal scheduling of their processes can lead facilities towards this direction. Although a great number of mathematical models have been developed for such scheduling, they may still lead to large model sizes and computational time. In this work, we develop two novel mathematical models using the unit-specific event-based modelling approach in which consumption and production tasks related to the same states are allowed to take place at the same event points. The computational results demonstrate that both proposed mathematical models reduce the number of event points required. The proposed unit-specific event-based model is the most efficient since it both requires a smaller number of event points and significantly less computational time in most cases especially for those examples which are computationally expensive from existing models.
Petrophysical interpretation and fluid substitution modelling of the upper shallow marine sandstone reservoirs in the Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa
Authors: Magoba Moses , Opuwari Mimonitu
Published: November 2019

The fluid substitution method is used for predicting elastic properties of reservoir rocks and their dependence on pore fluid and porosity. This method makes it possible to predict changes in elastic response of a rock saturation with different fluids. This study focused on the Upper Shallow Marine sandstone reservoirs of five selected wells (MM1, MM2, MM3, MM4, and MM5) in the Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa. The integration of petrophysics and rock physics (Gassmann fluid substitution) was applied to the upper shallow marine sandstone reservoirs for reservoir characterisation. The objective of the study was to calculate the volume of clay, porosity, water saturation, permeability, and hydrocarbon saturation, and the application of the Gassmann fluid substitution modelling to determine the effect of different pore fluids (brine, oil, and gas) on acoustic properties (compressional velocity, shear velocity, and density) using rock frame properties. The results showed average effective porosity ranging from 8.7% to 16.6%, indicating a fair to good reservoir quality. The average volume of clay, water saturation, and permeability values ranged from 8.6% to 22.3%, 18.9% to 41.6%, and 0.096–151.8 mD, respectively. The distribution of the petrophysical properties across the field was clearly defined with MM2 and MM3 revealing good porosity and MM1, MM4, and MM5 revealing fair porosity. Well MM4 revealed poor permeability, while MM3 revealed good permeability. The fluid substitution affected rock property significantly. The primary velocity, Vp, slightly decreased when brine was substituted with gas in wells MM1, MM2, MM3, and MM4. The shear velocity, Vs, remained unaffected in all the wells. This study demonstrated how integration of petrophysics and fluid substitution can help to understand the behaviour of rock properties in response to fluid saturation changes in the Bredasdorp Basin. The integration of these two disciplines increases the obtained results’ quality and reliability.
Obesity and Eating Disturbance: the Role of TFEQ Restraint and Disinhibition
Authors: Bryant Eleanor J. , Rehman Javairia , Pepper Lisa B. , Walters Elizabeth R.
Published: November 2019

Purpose of Review

Literature from the past five years exploring roles of Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) Restraint and Disinhibition in relation to adult obesity and eating disturbance (ED) was reviewed.

Recent Findings

Restraint has a mixed impact on weight regulation, diet quality, and vulnerability to ED, where it is related detrimentally to weight regulation, diet, and psychopathology, yet can serve as a protective factor. The impact of Disinhibition is potently related to increased obesity, poorer diet, hedonically driven food choices, and a higher susceptibility to ED.

Restraint and Disinhibition have distinct influences on obesity and ED and should be targeted differently in interventions. Further work is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying TFEQ eating behavior traits.
Identification, partial characterization, and use of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) vitellogenins for the development of ELISA and biosensor immunoassays
Authors: Cocci Paolo , Palermo Francesco Alessandro , Pucciarelli Stefania , Miano Antonino , Cuccioloni Massimiliano , Angeletti Mauro , Roncarati Alessandra , Mosconi Gilberto
Published: November 2019

Vitellogenin (Vtg) has proven to be a sensitive and simple biomarker in determining sex, sexual maturity, and xenoestrogenic effects in fish. Thus, our investigation has been focused on identification, partial characterization, and quantification of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) Vtg through the use of a variety of biochemical and immunological analytical techniques. Mullet is considered both a promising aquaculture candidate and an important species for improving sediment quality in polyculture systems. In the first part of this work, grey mullet Vtg was purified from plasma of 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced male fish by a one-step chromatographic protocol, and partially characterized. Specific polyclonal antibodies were then raised against the mullet Vtg, and both an indirect ELISA and an optical immunosensor were set up and validated to quantify plasma Vtg. The indirect ELISA and the optical immunosensor assay developed showed linear measuring in the range 56.8–1047.1 ng mL−1 and 70–739 ng mL−1 Vtg concentrations in standard solutions, respectively. The results obtained suggest that the indirect ELISA allows Vtg detection over a wide dynamic range, thus resulting more suitable for rapid and sensitive sample screening. Therefore, we suggest that the direct immunosensor is a promising tool which needs more investigation to improve the sensitivity.
Clarity under cognitive constraint: Can a simple directive encourage busy speakers to avoid ambiguity?
Authors: KURINEC COURTNEY A. , WISE ASHLEIGH V. T. , CAVAZOS CHRISTINA A. , REYES ELYSSE M. , WEAVER CHARLES A.
Published: November 2019

abstract

Failing to communicate a message in everyday settings can be a frustrating experience. However, miscommunication can lead to disaster in high-stakes situations. Yet in these contexts, under pressure to perform efficiently, speakers may also find themselves with limited resources to devote to message clarity. To understand how cognitive constraint affects communication and explore a possible low-cost solution, we investigated a method for moderating ambiguity production in the face of competing attentional demands: taking the perspective of the listener. Over two experiments, speakers labeled images (Experiment 1) or provided instructions (Experiment 2) to listeners in a non-interactive communication task. In both experiments, speakers were randomly assigned to cognitive constraint and perspective-taking conditions, such that some speakers were under higher cognitive constraint and some speakers received a simple perspective-taking directive. We replicated previous findings that additional cognitive constraint impairs speakers’ ability to avoid ambiguity. Additionally, we found that a simple directive can promote speaker clarity when labeling images, but not when providing instructions. These results suggest that a simple directive is likely insufficient to ensure speaker clarity in all cases.
“May the Lord Shield and Protect Us from the Terrible Storm Ahead of Us”: Elite South Carolina Women's Anticipation of Secession and War, 1860–1861
Authors: DEVELVIS MELISSA
Published: November 2019

This essay examines the letters and diaries of elite South Carolina women from September 1860 to February 1861, during which the state seceded and eventually helped found the Confederacy. Women used emotional and religious language to express their own political consciousness without transgressing their proper societal roles. Examining their fears and anguish as Abraham Lincoln's election, and then secession, approached, I argue that women astutely anticipated war and violence in ways often more prescient than their male counterparts as they were unfettered by masculine ideals of honor. This emotions history shines necessary light on women during secession, a topic often overlooked by scholars of secession.
Deliberate disproportionate policy response: towards a conceptual turn
Authors: Maor Moshe
Published: November 2019

Policy scholars tend to view disproportionate policy and its two component concepts – policy over- and underreaction – as eitherunintentionalerrors of commission or omission, ornonintentionalresponses that political executives never intended to implement yet are not executed unknowingly, inadvertently or accidentally. This article highlights a conceptual turn, whereby these concepts are reentering the policy lexicon as types ofintentionalpolicy responses that are largely undertaken when political executives are vulnerable to voters. Intentional overreactions derive from the desire of political executives to pander to voters’ opinions or signal extremity by overreacting to these opinions in domains susceptible to manipulation for credit-claiming purposes. Intentional underreactions are motivated by political executives’ attempts to avoid blame and may subsequently lead to deliberate overreaction. This conceptual turn forces scholars to recognise the political benefits that elected executives may reap from deliberately implementing disproportionate policies, and that such policies can at times be effective.
A New Model of Environment-Aware Geographic Information Services in E-navigation
Authors: Luo Jianan , Wan Xiaoxia , Duan Jing
Published: November 2019

Navigational information is of great significance to the safety of maritime navigation. To better guarantee navigator safety and improve navigation efficiency, an applied model of geographic information services (GI services) that consists of an operational architecture, several subsystems and multiple GI services is presented. This work is an e-navigation testbed that follows e-navigation technical architecture and integrates a large amount of navigation-related resources. Real-time, location-based and on-demand digital navigational information can be exchanged and applied in a standardised way. An experiment conducted in the Pearl River Estuary area of the South China Sea showed that application of GI services in e-navigation can supplement the existing methods of exchanging navigational information and better assist navigators in decision making. Furthermore, the proposed model is adaptable and could be easily applied in other areas.
Thejus post bellumas ‘integrity’ – Transitional criminal justice, the ICC, and the Colombian amnesty law
Authors: Eskauriatza Javier Sebastián
Published: November 2019

This article is about a relatively new version of the ‘emerging’jus post bellumconcept. It asks whether thejus post bellumas ‘integrity’ is useful as a normative guide in the interpretation of international criminal law during transitions when the requirements of international criminal law are ambiguous or unclear. It develops the main elements of thejus post bellumas integrity as an analytical framework. It then evaluates the theoretical and practical application of the concept in relation to the task of the International Criminal Court in evaluating the ‘alternative sentences’ regime in Colombia. It argues that a Dworkinian approach to international criminal law must make certain assumptions about the international legal order which are difficult to sustain. The difficulties discussed here are related to the structural conditions needed for a ‘community of principle’ to arise in Dworkin’s theory. The article demonstrates that thejus post bellumas integrity may be useful for identifying the principles of international criminal law thatshouldapply to states in transition from conflict to peace. However, despite its usefulness, the concept is susceptible to the usual arguments against adopting ‘natural law’ constructions in international legal method (and post-conflict law).
Legality of Use and Challenges of New Technologies in Warfare – the Use of Autonomous Weapons in Contemporary or Future Wars
Authors: Szpak Agnieszka
Published: November 2019

Along with the rapid development and proliferation of autonomous robotic weapons, machines are beginning to replace people on battlefields. The use by the USA of Predators or Reapers and other unmanned aerial vehicles in Afghanistan, Pakistan and other places in the world clearly signals a distancing of soldiers from their targets. In this article I concentrate on fully autonomous weapons. The theses of the article are as follows: the use of autonomous weapons would be contrary to the basic and fundamental principles of international humanitarian law, such as the principles of distinction and proportionality, and thus illegal. As such, their use would threaten the wellbeing, life and health of civilians and civilian populations. Their use would undermine the whole concept of the rules of war. Still, there are scholars who are of the opinion that prohibiting the use of autonomous weapons would make no sense at all and that the development of such weapons is inevitable and will take place gradually. Their use would be an expression of the technological dimension of international security. As this article will attempt to demonstrate, the drawbacks of the use of autonomous weapons are of such magnitude that they exclude the legality of such devices.
The AKP Government from its Formation to the Popular Uprising in June 2013 (Part II) – With Some Reflections on What Has Happened in Turkey Since
Authors: Gündoğan Ercan
Published: November 2019

This article, the second of two, continues an analysis of the developments which led to the Gezi Uprisings that, starting at the end of May 2013, spread to almost all of Turkey in the following months. The uprisings are seen as massive popular reactions, embracing almost all anti-Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) strata in Turkey, to the AKP’s authoritarianism, its anti-secular, anti-republican and anti-democratic discourse and policies, and its attempts to intervene in private life. The article likens the protests to a sort of firedamp explosion and argues that the explosives had been produced by the AKP government itself. The article also briefly presents the developments which have taken place since 2013 up to July 2019 and implies that the possibility of a real decline of the AKP governmental power can be seen in its problematic relation with the Kurdish masses, with the extreme right-MHP, and with the rise of the CHP, a sign of which was seen in the local elections held in March and June 2019.
Oral Approach Avoidance
Authors: Godinho Sandra , Garrido Margarida V. , Horchak Oleksandr V.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Words whose articulation resembles ingestion movements are preferred to words mimicking expectoration movements. This so-called in-out effect, suggesting that the oral movements caused by consonantal articulation automatically activate concordant motivational states, was already replicated in languages belonging to Germanic (e.g., German and English) and Italic (e.g., Portuguese) branches of the Indo-European family. However, it remains unknown whether such preference extends to the Indo-European branches whose writing system is based on the Cyrillic rather than Latin alphabet (e.g., Ukrainian), or whether it occurs in languages not belonging to the Indo-European family (e.g., Turkish). We replicated the in-out effect in two high-powered experiments ( N = 274), with Ukrainian and Turkish native speakers, further supporting an embodied explanation for this intriguing preference.
Response Modality and the Stroop Task
Authors: Parris Benjamin A. , Sharma Dinkar , Weekes Brendan S. Hackett , Momenian Mohammad , Augustinova Maria , Ferrand Ludovic
Published: November 2019

Abstract. A long-standing debate in the Stroop literature concerns whether the way we respond to the color dimension determines how we process the irrelevant dimension, or whether word processing is purely stimulus driven. Models and findings in the Stroop literature differ in their predictions about how response modes (e.g., responding manually vs. vocally) affect how the irrelevant word is processed (i.e., phonologically, semantically) and the interference and facilitation that results, with some predicting qualitatively different Stroop effects. Here, we investigated whether response mode modifies phonological facilitation produced by the irrelevant word. In a fully within-subject design, we sought evidence for the use of a serial print-to-speech prelexical phonological processing route when using manual and vocal responses by testing for facilitating effects of phonological overlap between the irrelevant word and the color name at the initial and final phoneme positions. The results showed phoneme overlap leads to facilitation with both response modes, a result that is inconsistent with qualitative differences between the two response modes.
How Emotions Modulate Arithmetic Performance
Authors: Fabre Ludovic , Lemaire Patrick
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The goal of the present study was to test whether and how emotions influence arithmetic performance. Participants had to verify arithmetic problems. True problems were either easier or harder problems. False problems were parity-match or parity-mismatch problems. The odd/even status of proposed and correct answers was the same in parity-match problems (e.g., 19 × 7 = 131) and different in parity-mismatch problems (e.g., 17 × 9 = 152). Before each problem, participants saw a positive (e.g., smiling baby), negative (e.g., mutilations), or neutral pictures (e.g., neutral face) selected from International Affective Picture System (IAPS). They had to decide whether each picture includes a person or not before verifying each arithmetic problem. Results showed different effects of emotion on true- and false problem verification. Participants’ performance on true problems showed decreased problem-difficulty after processing negative pictures and increased difficulty effects after processing positive pictures. On false problems, we found smaller parity-violation effects after negative pictures (i.e., decreased performance on parity-mismatch problems), together with larger parity-violation effects after positive pictures (i.e., decreased performance on parity-match problems). These findings suggest that emotions influence arithmetic performance via which strategy is used and how each strategy is executed on each problem. They have important implications for understanding the role of emotions on arithmetic performance, and more generally on how emotions influence cognition.
The Warped Heliospheric Current Sheet
Authors: Peng Jun , Liu Yong C.‐M. , Huang Jia , Klecker Berndt , Wang Chi
Published: November 2019

The global shape of the intersection of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) with the heliospheric equatorial plane is usually considered to be an Archimedean spiral, however, so far this has not been measured directly. We used multi‐spacecraft measurements to determine its global shape. The time‐shifted measured locations are fitted with Archimedean spirals. In most cases, the locations are fitted very well with Archimedean spirals, in addition to the direction of HCS determined by the Minimum Variation Analysis. However, there is one case in which the direction of the HCS does not fit well with the Archimedean spiral and therefore we fit it with a sinusoidal function in addition to an Archimedean spiral. The result showed that in some cases, the HCS is better described with an Archimedean spiral, superposed by small‐scale ripples.
Weak Magnetic Storms Can Modulate Ionosphere‐Plasmasphere Interaction Significantly: Mechanisms and Manifestations at Mid‐Latitudes
Authors: Kotov D.V. , Richards P.G. , Truhlík V. , Maruyama N. , Fedrizzi M. , Shulha M.O. , Bogomaz O.V. , Lichtenberger J. , Hernández‐Pajares M. , Chernogor L.F. , Emelyanov L.Ya. , Zhivolup T.G. , Chepurnyy Ya.M. , Domnin I.F.
Published: November 2019

A comprehensive study of the response of the ionosphere‐plasmasphere system at mid‐latitudes to weak (Dstmin > −50 nT) magnetic storms is presented. For the first time, it is shown that weak magnetic disturbances can lead to significant modulation of ionosphere‐plasmasphere H+ ion fluxes. It is found that this modulation is caused by the enhancements/reductions of the topside O+ ion density, which is induced by F2‐layer peak height rise and fall during the storms. The F2‐layer motion is caused by thermospheric wind changes and by a penetration electric field. Both drivers are closely related to the changes in the Bz component of interplanetary magnetic field. The most prominent manifestation of the H+ ion flux modulation is strong changes in H+ ion fraction in the topside ionosphere. This study also indicates that the NRLMSISE‐00 model provides the correct relative changes of neutral H density during weak magnetic storms and also that there is a compelling need to include geomagnetic activity indices, in addition to solar activity (F10.7), as input parameters to empirical topside ionosphere models.
Phase Equilibrium Condition for Pore Hydrate: Theoretical Formulation and Experimental Validation
Authors: Zhou Jiazuo , Liang Wenpeng , Wei Changfu
Published: November 2019

Based on the chemical potential equilibrium of water, a generalized equation of phase equilibrium is presented for pore hydrate, which relates the temperature depression of hydrate to the capillary pressure and osmotic pressure. The relationship between capillary pressure and unhydrated water content can be characterized by a soil‐water characteristic curve (SWCC). Uniting the SWCC and the phase equilibrium equation yields the equation of soil hydration characteristic curve (SHCC), which expresses the relationship between the unhydrated water content and temperature depression of pore hydrate. A series of experiments are performed, validating the phase equilibrium equation and the concept of SHCC. From the SHCC, the phase equilibrium surface can be determined in the space of temperature, pressure, and unhydrated water content. The thermodynamic state of pore hydrate moves on the equilibrium surface when the hydrate forms or dissociates. The projections of the equilibrium surface indicate the dissociation process of pore hydrate caused by thermal stimulation or depressurization. The salt solution changes the equilibrium surface to the direction that requires lower temperature and higher pressure and slows down the dissociation rates of hydrate to temperature and pressure.
Correction: Disruption of gap junctions attenuates acute myeloid leukemia chemoresistance induced by bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Kouzi Farah , Zibara Kazem , Bourgeais Jerome , Picou Frederic , Gallay Nathalie , Brossaud Julie , Dakik Hassan , Roux Benjamin , Hamard Sophie , Le Nail Louis-Romee , Hleihel Rita , Foucault Amelie , Ravalet Noemie , Rouleux-Bonnin Florence , Gouilleux Fabrice , Mazurier Frederic , Bene Marie C. , Akl Haidar , Gyan Emmanuel , Domenech Jorge , El-Sabban Marwan , Herault Olivier
Published: November 2019

The original version of this Article omitted the following from the Acknowledgements: This research was also supported by grants to KZ (UL and L-CNRS). This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Production of ammonia as a low-cost and long-distance antibiotic strategy by Streptomyces species
Authors: Avalos Mariana , Garbeva Paolina , Raaijmakers Jos M , van Wezel Gilles P
Published: November 2019

Soil-inhabiting streptomycetes are nature’s medicine makers, producing over half of all known antibiotics and many other bioactive natural products. However, these bacteria also produce many volatiles, molecules that disperse through the soil matrix and may impact other (micro)organisms from a distance. Here, we show that soil- and surface-grown streptomycetes have the ability to kill bacteria over long distances via air-borne antibiosis. Our research shows that streptomycetes do so by producing surprisingly high amounts of the low-cost volatile ammonia, dispersing over long distances to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Glycine is required as precursor to produce ammonia, and inactivation of the glycine cleavage system nullified ammonia biosynthesis and concomitantly air-borne antibiosis. Reduced expression of the porin master regulator OmpR and its cognate kinase EnvZ is used as a resistance strategy by E. coli cells to survive ammonia-mediated antibiosis. Finally, ammonia was shown to enhance the activity of canonical antibiotics, suggesting that streptomycetes adopt a low-cost strategy to sensitize competitors for antibiosis from a distance.