bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of anxiety, psychological resilience and codependency in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: CANLI Derya
Published: October 2023

Aims: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate anxiety levels in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the relationship between psychological resilience and codependency levels and anxiety levels.

Methods: The study was conducted on 152 nurses actively working in a pandemic hospital during the COVID-19 outbreak. Sociodemographic Information Form, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Spann-Fischer Codependency Scale, Brief Resilience Scale were used as data collection tools.

Results: As a result of the study, anxiety and codependency scores of nurses working in high-risk pandemic units during the pandemic were higher and psychological resilience scores were lower than those working in low-risk units. When the relationship between anxiety, psychological resilience and codependency in the research group was examined; a negative and highly significant relation was found between psychological resilience and anxiety and between psychological resilience and codependency, and a positive and highly significant relation was found between anxiety and codependency (p
Hydranet: A Neural Network for the Estimation of Multi-Valued Treatment Effects
Authors: Velasco-Regulez Borja , Cerquides Jesus
Published: October 2023

Neural network-based treatment effect estimation algorithms are well-known in the causal inference community. Many works propose new designs and architectures and report performance metrics over benchmarking data sets, in a Machine Learning manner. Nevertheless, most authors focus solely on binary treatment scenarios. This is a limitation, as many real-world scenarios have a multivalued treatment. In this work, we present a novel approach where we generalize a top-performing, neural network-based algorithm for binary treatment effect estimation to a multi-valued treatment setting. Our approach yields an estimator with desirable asymptotic properties, that delivers very good results in a wide range of experiments. To the best of our knowledge, this work is opening ground for the benchmarking of neural network-based algorithms for multi-valued treatment effect estimation.
NRTS: A Client-Server Architecture for Supporting Education in a Neonatal Resuscitation Simulation Scenario
Authors: Canonico Massimo , Montani Stefania , Striani Manuel
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we describe Neonatal Resuscitation Training Simulator (NRTS), an Android mobile app designed to support medical experts to input, transmit and record data during a High-Fidelity Simulation course for neonatal resuscitation. This mobile app allows one to automatically send all the recorded data from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Casale Monferrato Children’s Hospital, (Italy) to a server in the cloud managed by the University of Piemonte Orientale (Italy). The medical instructor can then view statistics on simulation exercises, that may be used during the debriefing phase for the evaluation of multidisciplinary teams involved in the simulation scenarios.
Design and Adoption of a FHIR IG to Support a Telemonitoring Environment in Gatekeeper Project
Authors: Gazzarata Roberta , Chronaki Catherine , Ricciardi Francesco , Giuliani Francesco , Zampognaro Paolo , Mercalli Franco , Allocca Carlo , Gaeta Eugenio , Fico Giuseppe , Cangioli Giorgio
Published: October 2023

Telemedicine can provide benefits in patient affected by chronic diseases or elderly citizens as part of standard routine care supported by digital health. The GATEKEEPER (GK) Project was financed to create a vendor independent platform to be adopted in medical practice and to demonstrate its effect, benefit value, and scalability in 8 connected medical use cases with some independent pilots. This paper, after a description of the GK platform architecture, is focused on the creation of a FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource) IG (Implementation Guide) and its adoption in specific use cases. The final aim is to combine conventional data, collected in the hospital, with unconventional data, coming from wearable devices, to exploit artificial intelligence (AI) models designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new parsimonious risk prediction model for Type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Enhancing Women’s Health: An Assessment of Data Privacy and Security of Menopause FemTech Applications
Authors: Baltzer Caroline , Bonacina Stefano
Published: October 2023

Menopausal women increasingly rely on FemTech apps to manage their symptoms, as mobile applications can provide a convenient and easily accessible health solution. However, this scoping review and content analysis of 14 menopause apps available on Google Play in the European Union found that most applications categorisation is not aligning with their features as well as lack adequate data privacy and security sufficiency. Thereby sensitive health data of menopausal women are put at risk, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts between developers and regulators to implement effective and achievable data protection practices to enhance menopausal women’s data safely.
Treatment for mucositis in children with chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Naumov O.G. , Karpova E.P. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tulupov D.A. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

Background: the most common clinical subtype of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) in childhood is low-grade catarrhal inflammation affecting the middle ear mucosa (mucositis). The etiology and pathogenesis of mucositis remain unclear. Virtually no data on the course and treatment of this disease in children are available. Aim: to share our experience with mucositis treatment in children with CSOM. Patients and Methods: we performed a retrospective analysis of treatment results in 118 children aged 5–14 years with subtotal and total tympanic membrane perforations and mucositis of the tympanic cavity of various severity without cholesteatoma. Results: no pathognomonic signs were identified in children with mucositis. All children had mild hearing loss. Temporal bone CT revealed signs of temporal bone and ossicular system destruction in 15 children (12.7%). Microbiological diagnostics demonstrated that the key bacterial pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=26, 22%) and Staphylococcus aureus (n=21, 17.8%). In children with mesotympanitis, the secretory stage of mucositis was diagnosed most often (n=79, 67%), as demonstrated by otomicroscopy. Hyperplastic and atrophic stages of mucositis were diagnosed in 31 (26%) and 8 patients, respectively. During CSOM remission, all patients underwent scheduled myringoplasty and tympanoplasty with revision of the tympanic cavity and mastoid. These procedures were performed under microscopic control via an endaural or transcanal approach. 12 weeks after surgery, 108 patients (92%) reported an improvement in hearing. Diastasis in the lower part of the created eardrum was detected in 11 patients (9.3%) only. Conclusion: given the understudied etiology and pathogenesis, conservative treatment is reasonable only during uncomplicated exacerbation of CSOM. The most effective treatment for mucositis of the tympanic mucosa is timely myringoplasty and tympanoplasty. KEYWORDS: chronic suppurative otitis media, mucositis, children, myringoplasty, tympanoplasty, hearing loss. FOR CITATION: Naumov O.G., Karpova E.P., Tulupov D.A. Treatment for mucositis in children with chronic suppurative otitis media. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(8):543–548 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-12.
Prevention of exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases
Authors:   N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Voronezh, Russian Federation, Prozorova G.G. , Zaytsev A.A. ,   ROSBIOTECH, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.N. Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Petrov V.A. ,   Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Obninsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

Control of virus-induced airway inflammation in patients with chronic bronchopulmonary disorders remains an urgent medical task. Managing the immune response in acute respiratory viral infections (ARVIs) in these patients is a promising area. This review summarizes the results of observational programs and initiative studies on the experience with a drug based on technologically processed antibodies in pulmonary practice. This drug is characterized by immune-mediated antiviral and antibacterial effects. The mechanism of its action implies the activation of antigen processing and presentation involving major histocompatibility complex molecules, which in turn contributes to an adequate immune response in the infectious process. Therefore, this drug can be used for treating ARVIs in patients with a high risk of unfavorable course of respiratory infections. Our findings demonstrate that this drug prevents the exacerbation of chronic bronchopulmonary disorders in ARVIs. Its inclusion in complex therapy for community-acquired pneumonia in patients with a higher risk of having resistant flora provided the completion of the treatment course without changing the antibiotic. KEYWORDS: chronic bronchopulmonary disorders, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, chronic bronchitis, community- acquired pneumonia, antibiotic resistance. FOR CITATION: Prozorova G.G., Zaytsev A.A., Petrov V.A. Prevention of exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(8):524–528 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-8.
Simultaneously determination of fine particle dose of vilanterol and fluticasone furoate for dry powder inhaler (DPI) by utilizing gradient elution in chromatography system
Authors: Szalek Ewelina , Musial Boguslawa , Czarnecka Kamila , Szymański Paweł
Published: October 2023

Vilanterol (VT) and fluticasone furoate (FF) are components recently used in dry powder inhaler (DPI) to be administrated for patients with respiratory diseases, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the present study, an approach to an analytical procedure development and validation is presented. Next generation impactor (NGI) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detector were applied to determine two compounds and fine particle dose (FPD) of each active ingredients in DPI. The most satisfying chromatographic separation was obtained on Poroshell SB C18 (100 mm × 4.6 mm, 2.7 µm) column applying gradient elution by phosphonate buffer and acetonitrile. VT and FF were detected on a UV detector at wavelength of 210 nm and 245 nm, respectively. Among various coating agents, 4% polyethylene glycol PEG 200 in acetone (w/v) was selected as the most effective. Although various physicochemical properties of VT and FF, the analytical procedure allows simultaneously determine two compounds at different wavelengths. Limit of quantitative (LOQ) of vilanterol and fluticasone furoate were determined as 0.049 µg/ml and 0.032 µg/ml, respectively, what is desirable to determine of FPD of active ingredients in microdoses in DPI. The analytical procedure was determined as linear and accurate in the range of LOQ – 2.5 µg/ml and LOQ – 10.0 µg/ml of VT and FF, respectively. The coefficient of determination (R2) was found to be 0.9999 and 1.000 for VT and FF, respectively.
Influence of Motivation on Pre-service Primary Teachers’ Performance in Mathematics
Authors: Jesutoki Mary
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the influence of motivation on primary pre-service teachers’ performance in mathematics at Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo, Oyo State. The study employed a correlational survey research design. Seventy (70) primary pre-service teachers who were randomly selected were involved in the study. Two research questions were raised in the study. A structured questionnaire, tagged “Motivation in Learning Mathematics Questionnaire” (MLMQ), was the main instrument used for data collection with a reliability coefficient of 0.81. Data generated were analyzed using inferential statistics of Pearson Product moment correlation coefficient. The findings revealed that intrinsic motivation has an influence on primary pre-service teachers’ performance in Mathematics, as it is reflected in the performance of primary pre-service teachers (r = 0.81, p = 0.001), and there is also a significant relationship between extrinsic motivation and primary pre-service teachers’ performance in mathematics (r = 0.82, p = 0.001). Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers should employ strategies to involve students in academic activities that improve their motivation and consequently their grades in mathematics, and school management should put in place some external motivation mechanisms.
Innovating While Maintaining Standards: Exploring the Tension Between Vertical Qualification Alignment and Innovation in Zimbabwean Higher Education
Authors: Garwe Evelyn Chiyevo
Published: October 2023

Higher education institutions (HEIs) face increasing pressure to balance rigorous standards and innovation. However, little is known about how vertical qualification alignment requirements, which ensure coherence and quality across degree levels, affect this balance. This study explores this issue using the case of Zimbabwe, where vertical alignment of faculty qualifications is a key policy instrument for quality assurance. Through interviews and focus group discussions with lecturers, administrators and quality assurance officials, the study reveals how vertical alignment standards enable and constrain innovation in different ways. The findings suggest that while vertical alignment fosters depth of knowledge in a discipline, it can also limit the breadth of transdisciplinary knowledge acquisition required by changing workplaces. To achieve excellence and equity, higher education needs to uphold rigorous standards while promoting innovation through adaptable structures, a culture conducive to strategic risk-taking, and policies that balance oversight and autonomy. The study proposes a balanced approach that preserves qualification integrity while allowing regulated experimentation to ensure curriculum relevance amid changing needs. The study contributes to the understanding of the complex interplay between standards, flexibility and collaboration in higher education, and its implications for cultivating pioneering graduates and cutting-edge solutions that advance socio-economic progress. The findings of this study indicate that quality assurance agencies and HEIs must work together to implement innovative, evidence-based strategies that balance academic rigor with supportive flexibility in order to develop adaptable graduates equipped to solve complex problems and drive socio-economic progress. With a nuanced, evidence-based approach, vertical alignment need not impede HEIs' potential to cultivate agile thinkers and pioneers.
A memory dependent analysis on permeation of non-Gaussian laser pulse through human skin
Authors: Shaw Soumen
Published: October 2023

The present article deals with a thermodynamic analysis of laser treatment on human skin. Replacing Pennes model of thermodynamics, a well defined memory dependent hyperbolic type thermoelastic heat conduction model is adopted. In order to analyse the thermal shock experienced by the skin layers, a bi-layer skin containing two main layers: epidermis and dermis, is considered. An instantaneous point heat source and a non-Gaussian laser pulse are applied on the skin surface to analyse the thermal memory response into the skin-layers. Two different types of laser beams are considered to validate the thermoelastic observations with the optical results.
Komunikasi Antarpribadi Anak Yang Memisahkan Diri Dari Orang Tuanya Pada Keluarga Broken Home
Authors: Putri Annisa
Published: October 2023

Broken home merupakan kondisi keluarga yang tidak kondusif akibat perceraian, berdampak terhadap relationship anak dan orang tua. Namun demikian hubungan tersebut dapat dipulihkan kembali melalui komunikasi antarpribadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberlakuan konsep tangga Mark L Knapp dalam komunikasi antarpribadi pada keluarga broken home, yang diterapkan oleh anak yang memisahkan diri dari orang tuanya dan bertujuan untuk memperbaiki hubungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Teknik keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi sumber data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua informan kunci menerapkan konsep tangga Mark L Knapp untuk memperbaiki hubungan dengan kedua orang tua mereka. Mereka berada pada tahap coming together dan relational maintenance. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah jika ingin mengimplementasika konsep tangga Mark L Knapp implementasikan secara lengkap dan berurutan yang disesuikan dengan tujuan serta kondisi hubungan.
Effectiveness of the Schroth Method in Improving Cobb Angle, Trunk Rotation, and Quality of Life in Adolescents With Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Department of Sport Sciences, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran., Khaledi Arash , Minoonejad Hooman ,   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran Tehran, Iran., Daneshmandi Hassan ,   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Akoochakian Mahdieh ,   Department of Sport Sciences, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran., Gheitasi Mehdi ,   Department of Health and Sport Rehabilitation, Faculty of Sport Science and Health, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims Idiopathic scoliosis is a complex three-dimensional deformity affecting the spine and is more common in adolescents (10-18 years). Failure to pay attention to it can increase its severity and complications. Various exercise methods have been designed for preventing, managing, or correcting adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Among them, the Schroth method has attracted the attention of therapists due to its promising results. However, there is still conflicting evidence of its effectiveness. Therefore, this review study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the Schroth method in improving the Cobb angle, trunk rotation angle, and quality of life (QoL) in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Methods This is a systematic review study. A search was conducted in Cochrane, PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar databases for finding studies that used Schroth method as an intervention and published from 2005 to December 2021 using the keywords related to AIS. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the quality of papers. Results Initial search yielded 96 records of which 10 papers with PEDro scale score of 5.8 were selected for the review. Among them, the variables of Cobb angle, QoL, ATR were evaluated in nine, six and four papers, respectively. The outcomes obtained from the papers showed the significant effect of Schroth method on reducing the Cobb angle (>5°, using radiography), trunk rotation (>3°, using scoliometer) and improving the QoL (Using the scoliosis research society questionnaire). In only one paper, despite a significant improvement in QoL, no significant reduction in Cobb angle (<5°) was observed. Conclusion There is moderate evidence of the positive effects of the Schroth method on improving Cobb angle, trunk rotation angle and QoL in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. This method can used for preventing from the worsening of AIS. It can be used along with other methods such as core stability exercises and Pilates. Since the reviewed studies had moderate quality, high-quality studies are needed in this field.
Influence of Traps on Mobile Charge Accumulation in MOS Structures in Thermal Field Treatments
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Morozov N. N. , Aleksandrov O. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: October 2023

A quantitative model describing the influence of traps on the parameters of mobile charge migration in the gate dielectric of MOS structures is presented. The dependences of the effective diffusion coefficients and activation energy on trap accumulation, ion-trapping binding energy, impurity concentrations, and thermal field treatment temperatures are calculated. An increase in trap concentration was found to hamper mobile charge accumulation in the vicinity of the Si-SiO2 interface. The presented model can be used to explain the scattering of experimental data on sodium ion diffusion in silicon dioxide.
Analytical Review of Electromagnetic Field Monitoring Systems for Primary Aluminum Production Plants
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Novozhilov I. M. , Boronko E. A. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Mazakov E. B. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Belyaevsky O. A. ,   «Technoavtomatika» Ltd., Khloponina V. S. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University
Published: October 2023

This article discusses technologies that provide subsystems of automated process control systems (APCS) for obtaining primary aluminum. The paper presents a step-by-step analysis of existing technical solutions based on the global and Russian experience in the operation of electrolyzers. The analysis included studying the physical processes of the electrolyzer operation accounting for the influence of such physical processes on chemical processes. Attention is paid to the existing sensors and monitoring systems of the electromagnetic field. The analysis of the effect of the electromagnetic field on the technological process is formed. The results have revealed patterns of the studied effects. Thus, a method for assessing the technical condition of the electrolyzer based on the results of electromagnetic field diagnostics is proposed. The presented scientific research is a report published under the program «Philosophy of Science».
Using Morphological Transformations to Recognize Ships and Vessels
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Fahmi S. Sh. , Ponomarev N. A. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Ho M. T. M. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: October 2023

The article proposes algorithms for improving image segmentation with a focus on morphological transformations to solve problems of recognition of marine vessels. Particular attention is paid to the binarization of images and its role in the identification of marine vessels. The developed algorithms are investigated and evaluated using the example of segmentation of transport plots. The results of contour selection based on such operators as Sobol, Prewitt and Canny are presented. The proposed algorithms were found to provide for higher accuracy of recognition of marine vessels by an average of 15 % compared to the known recognition methods based on the Viola and Jones method on Haar Wavelets and by 12 % compared to the recognition method by reference points.
Boost Converter Operation in Stationary Mode
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Telnov A. A.
Published: October 2023

The article deals with issues related to the analysis of the functioning of the step-up converter in stationary mode. To achieve this goal, the derivation of the basic equations for the equivalent scheme, compiled using a twoposition ideal key, was carried out. Special attention is paid to the description of the principles of operation of the simplified PWM controller model. The reliability of the results obtained was verified by computer modeling of the circuit under study in the LTspice circuit modeling environment.
The Role of Serious Games in Effective Aviation English
Authors:   National Defence University, Turkish Air Force Academy, Dinçer Nazmi
Published: October 2023

Effective communication is of paramount importance in the aviation industry during the dialogic exchanges between partners, as miscommunication can lead to severe consequences for both safety and efficiency. As English has become the global language for aviation communication, aviation English courses have gained a significant prominence in recent years. This article explores the potential of serious games and introduces sample games designed to achieve specific learning outcomes, as a valuable tool for enhancing language learning and proficiency in aviation English courses. The paper aims to provide educators and course designers with valuable insights and guidance on how to effectively integrate serious games into their curriculum, ultimately contributing to enhanced communication skills and improved overall performance in the aviation industry
Research on Aviation English from a LHUFT (Language as a Human Factor) Perspective
Authors:   Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Pacheco Aline , Colliselli Hemp Nícolas ,   Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul
Published: October 2023

This article is based on a presentation on recent research into Aviation English within a LHUFT perspective conducted in a private university in Brazil. The article describes this perspective to Aviation English and illustrates how it is being used with undergraduate student pilots in the Aeronautical Science Program. Miscommunication episodes in aviation have historically caused accidents, incidents, and near misses and so need to be addressed in a way that encompasses aspects closely associated with language factors, such as technical, procedural, and cultural factors. Linguistic issues are the starting point and can be analyzed in a more thorough manner if considered along with underlying elements that account for a given communicative behavior. The following research topics fit into this proposal: Cross-cultural factors underlying air-ground communications between native and non-native speakers of English; miscommunication issues in the SBPA radiotelephony between the ATCO and foreign pilots and a taxonomy-based classification and analysis of aeronautical accidents considering language as a human factor in aviation. We conclude that a number of challenges can be overcome with improvements in pilot training regarding a wider perspective of aeronautical communication, and that can be done through research. The LHUFT perspective seems to allow for a broader approach to better understand miscommunication episodes and offer tools to be used in training.
Not Using Standard Phraseology: Misunderstandings and Delays
Authors:   MARCS Institute, Western Sydney University, Estival Dominique , Carvalho de Almeida PRADO Malila ,   BNU-HKBU United International College, Ishihara Noriko ,   Hosei University
Published: October 2023

: In order to ensure safety, international aviation radio communication is conducted in a restricted language, based on English but with significant constraints and specific characteristics. Deviations from standard phraseology are tolerated to a certain extent and are to be expected in non-routine situations where no exact phraseology has been defined. Some relational language is also accepted as helping smooth interactions. But any additional word increases the length of the speech signal and may make it more difficult for the recipient to identify the important words that need to be attended to, so the use of relational language can also have a detrimental effect. Clarity and lack of ambiguity are particularly necessary when the interlocutors do not share the same language background. This paper analyses the communications during an incident at Narita (Japan) where a native English-speaking pilot used unnecessary words that are not part of the expected phraseology to communicate an emergency, making it difficult for the Japanese ATC to extract the crucial words ‘vector back to Narita’ from the pilot’s transmission. Supported by a close linguistic study of the complete interaction in this incident and by interviews with aviation experts, the analysis employs the Community of Practice framework to investigate the series of misunderstandings. It shows how non-standard phraseology and unnecessary verbosity can be detrimental to successful aviation communication, even if the additional words are intended to build rapport and help the interaction.
Collaborative Development: How Linguists and Aviation SMEs can Best Serve the Aviation Language Community
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Borowska Anna P. , Simon Tom
Published: October 2023

For the purposes of safety in aviation and in accordance with the ICAO recommendations, all pilots and controllers must follow a prescribed set of rules in order to communicate effectively within the worldwide aviation community. Therefore, they must be trained in their use of aviation language. It seems, after research conducted in this context, that the training provided solely by SMEs does not suffice as they do not draw attention to proper articulation and pronunciation, nor drill grammar and vocabulary sufficiently. On the other hand, language instructors deliver on such issues on a regular basis, though, not being experts in aviation themselves, may leave out important elements of aeronautical communication. Hence, the only way to deliver the training is the collaborative development of both specialists. We suggest here one model of such cooperation. The generation of sample language and conceptual examples to place the use of this structured communication in the proper context, should be initiated by the SME. However, language instructors should be available to participate in such exercise building sessions to continuously keep the linguistic goal of the exercise in clear focus, as they would be best suited to that role. Using such a model to develop outcome-based language exercises embodies several advantages over developing study material produced by only one half of this suggested collaborative team. This paper will seek to elaborate on the different models which may be used in such endeavours as well as narrow the focus to the model suggested above, with a more detailed explanation of this model, to include sample language lessons (or lesson plans) generated in this way.
Demonstration of Simple and Elite Balanced Menu to Increasing Immunity During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Siahaan Ginta , Nainggolan Efendi , Lestrina Dini , Doloksaribu Bernike , Karimah Ummu A , Sitorus Eunike G , Panjaitan Nuriani , Sinaga Surya E P
Published: October 2023

A balanced menu is a meal menu consisting of rice, animal side dishes, vegetable side dishes, vegetables and fruits in one meal. This community service aims to provide examples of a balanced menu and maintain a balanced diet as an effort to increase endurance in the midst of the Covid 19 pandemic. This activity is carried out through demonstration methods, giving leaflets, and discussions. The activity participants were the elderly at the Veteran ABRI Housing in Medan Estate Deli Serdang Regency with a total of 20 participants. The balanced menu being demonstrated is a simple and elite balanced nutrition menu, which aims to adjust to the economic conditions of the local community. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' knowledge about a balanced menu. Before the activity the number of participants who had good knowledge was 16% and after the activity there were 62% of participants who had good knowledge.
Algumas consequências da reprodução assistida para o direito de família
Authors: Silveira Marcela Vergna Barcellos
Published: October 2023

O surgimento e a popularização das técnicas de reprodução assistida trouxeram muitas questões para o Direito de Família que, por sua vez, também passa por transformações decorrentes da existência de um novo paradigma constitucional: a “família socioafetiva”, em que o afeto substitui a consanguinidade. O entrelaçamento entre os dois temas – a reprodução assistida e a família socioafetiva -, assim como suas consequências jurídicas, são o objeto desse trabalho.
Kültürel Humor ve Emir Kusturica Sineması
Authors: SÖZEN Mustafa
Published: October 2023

Bu makale, kültürel humor ve Emir Kusturica sineması arasındaki bağıntıların panoramik bakış altında ele alınıp değerlendirilmesi üzerine kurulmuştur. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde mizah, estetik deneyim ve Balkan kültürü arasındaki ilişkilere değinilmiş, bir sonraki kısımda Emir Kusturica sinemasının ana özellikleri belirtilmiş ve son kısımda da onun filmografisinin en önemli dokuz filmi ele alınarak daha yakın plandan bakılmaya çalışılmıştır. Humor olgusu son tahlilde kültürel insan deneyimidir ve bunun nedeni de mizahın dil ve kültürel dokuya derinden bağlı oluşudur. Humor, sanatsal biçimlerde (özellikle dramatik olanlarda), bireysel ahlaksızlıkların, kötülüklerin ya da eksikliklerin bazı zamanlarda alay, ironi, parodi veya başka yöntemlerle kınanması için kullanılan bir araç niteliği taşır. Balkan coğrafyası kültürel humor bağlamında ele alındığında onun kendine özgülüğü hemen fark edilir. Balkan toplumu, mizah olgusunu hayatın doğal bir özelliği olarak görme ve mümkün olan her zaman/mekânda kullanmaya eğilimlidir. Emir Kusturica sineması da bu bağlamda özel bir yere sahiptir. Onun filmleri kendi coğrafyasında kök salmış humor’u, kelimenin tam anlamıyla insanların yaşam praksisiyle sorunsuz bir şekilde birleştiren yaratımlardır. Kusturica Balkan zihniyetini humor prizması aracılığıyla yansıtırken, ideolojik yanlışları ve bu toplumların totaliter ruha tepkimelerini alegoriler üzerinden de eleştirir. Bu da onun filmlerindeki humor öğesinin taşıdığı rolün sadece eğlence değil, düşünsel temelli bir sanat olarak da öne çıkmasını yaratır.
Chronology of the PKK: From group formation to party (1973–1980)
Authors: Jongerden Joost
Published: October 2023

The Kurdistan Workers Party (Partîya Karkêren Kurdistan, PKK) is often considered a latecomer that miraculously survived the 1980 military coup. Yet the establishment of the party in 1978 was preceded by a long process of group formation that started shortly after the 1971 military coup in Turkey. This article presents a chronology of the PKK during the 1970s. The main aim of this chronology is to show how the PKK came into being as the result of the intensive groundwork of a committed cadre, covering the process of ideological group formation (1973–77) and party building (1978–80). The chronology presented here ends in 1980 when the PKK withdrew many of its militants that were not arrested or killed to Syria and Lebanon following the military coup of September 12 of that year. This withdrawal became the beginning of a reorganization process leading to the start of the guerrilla insurgency in 1984.
N.D. Kondratiev Long Wave Models for Three Large European Countries
Authors: Andrukovich Peter F.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the similarities and differences in the structure of N. D. Kondratiev long waves in the economies of the three largest European countries: Germany, France and Great Britain. It is assumed that the main trend in the dynamics of the GDP of these countries – ​is the trend associated precisely with changes in technology, and not with the influence of ones or others exogenous factors – ​can be represented in the form of a superposition of long Kondratiev waves represented by a periodic function, the values of which at a given time determines the amount of value added produced over the previous time interval. Each wave is characterized by four parameters: time, length of its period, magnitude of the initial amplitude and rate of amplitude decrease. In addition, such characteristics of long waves as the duration of their latency period, the time of their entry into leading positions and duration of their leadership relative to the previous and subsequent technological waves are calculated. Five long Kondratiev waves are considered, the parameters of which are estimated in such a way as to obtain the best description of the dynamics of the GDP of a given country in terms of the deviation of the model from this dynamics. As an estimate of GDP, its values measured in international dollars (Geary–Khamis dollars) for the period from 1790 to 2020 are considered. The calculations showed that in some parameters there is a similarity in the structure of technological waves in these countries, while in others there are differences in the dynamics of their occurrence and development. In the final part of the article, the characteristics of long waves for three European countries are compared with the characteristics of long waves in the US economy over the same time period obtained in previous studies. It is also shown that the leadership durations of long waves obtained in these calculations coincide with the theoretical estimates of the periods of long waves by N. D. Kondratiev.
Manajemen Penggunaan Energi Baterai pada Mikrokontroler Berbasis Soft Latching Circuit
Authors: Sutoko
Published: October 2023

Dalam penggunaannya yang semakin masif saat ini, baterai perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus pada cara operasional dan perawa-tannya. Salah satu tantangan yang dihadapi ketika menggunakan bate-rai, terutama jenis Li-Ion, adalah melakukan monitoring, manajemen pengisian daya, dan pengeluaran daya. Baterai akan menurun perfor-ma dan kualitasnya jika terjadi overcharging, over discharging, ataupun short circuit. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peran BMS (battery manage-ment system) untuk mengatur siklus pengisian daya maupun pemakaian baterai. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan strategi manajemen penggu-naan energi baterai yang merupakan kombinasi antara BMS, pengisi daya, dan kemampuan mikrokontroler untuk mengendalikannya de-ngan basis soft latching circuit. Dengan demikian akan ditargetkan kemampuan mikrokontroler untuk turut melakukan manajemen peng-gunaan energi baterai yang efisien dan turut meningkatkan usia pakai baterai tersebut.
TRADITIONAL USES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN ERZİNCAN PROVINCE, TÜRKİYE
Authors: GÖZCÜ Sefa , KORKMAZ Mustafa , ÇORLU Sercan , TUYSUZ Suat
Published: October 2023

Objective: This research was carried out to record the usage of plants, parts of this plant used, and methods of preparation by people living in 10 districts and 58 villages of Erzincan province.
Material and Method: The medicinal plant species used by the local people for treatment, was collected and determined. All traditionally used information was collected; herbarium materials were prepared, They are deposited in Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University herbarium (EBYU), Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University.
Result and Discussion: A total of 100 medical plants taxa pertaining to 39 families were defined in this research. Out of these, 88 species grew naturally, while 12 species were cultivated. The most widespread plant families were Asteraceae (14), Lamiaceae (8), and Rosaceae (14). Infusion was the most widely used preparation method. The utilization of traditional medicine was still extensive among the people in Erzincan. However, through increscent health service facilities in region, herbal medicine seemed to be more related to health care and illness prevention than curation. There is also the loss of traditional knowledge as it receives new immigrants. There is a gradual loss of traditional knowledge on the use of medicinal plants, both in younger generations and due to migration.
Türkiye’de Hortumların Sinoptik Desen Sınıflamaları
Authors: ÖZEN BAYRAKTAR Sema , ÇİÇEK İhsan
Published: October 2023

Ani gelişen meteorolojik kökenli doğal afetler içerisinde yer alan hortumlar, son yıllarda Türkiye’de can ve mal kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Kısa zamanda gerçekleşmeleri nedeniyle tahmin edilmeleri zordur. Hortumlu günlerin sinoptik koşullarının detaylı değerlendirildiği çalışmalarda hortumların birbirine benzeyen meteorolojik koşullarda oluştukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu nedenle Türkiye’de etkili olan hortumların benzer desenlerini ortaya amacıyla 2000-2020 yılları arasında gerçekleşmiş hortumlar ve hortumlu günler için sinoptik desen sınıflaması yapılmıştır. Bu sınıflama asıl olarak 500 hPa seviyesinin sirkülasyon tipine ve yüzey özellikleriyle bağlantılı olarak, oluk ve sırt eksenlerinin konumu ve yönüne dayanmaktadır. Buna göre Türkiye’de 520 hortum olayı ve 408 hortumlu gün incelenerek “Keskin Oluk”, “Yayvan Oluk” ve “Kapalı Sistem” olmak üzere 3 sinoptik tipe ayrılmıştır. Keskin oluklar en fazla hortum üreten hâkim sinoptik tiptir. Türkiye’de hortum olaylarına özgü belirlenen sinoptik modelleri ve bunların tehdit seviyelerini belirlemek, tahminciler için hortum gelişimini ne zaman ve nerede arayacaklarına dair iyi bir fikir sağlar.
Improve Survival of Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest with Video-directed Chest Compressions
Authors: Shen Annabelle , Shen Alexander
Published: October 2023

Background: Cardiovascular disease has been the leading cause of mortality worldwide for the past century, but advancements in health intervention have led to a decline of over 20%.

However, the Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) mortality rate remains unacceptably high, exceeding 90% over the past few decades. The primary reasons are the lack of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) knowledge and delayed medical response [1]. In 2018, the American Heart Association (AHA) introduced audio-directed CPR by 911 operators. However, the effectiveness of this approach in guiding laypeople to perform CPR is far from optimal [2].

Methods: Laypeople were randomly divided into audio and video groups, with each group receiving instructions through their respective medium on how to perform CPR on manikins. Simulated OHCA scenarios were created, involving on-site testing with subjects having no prior CPR experience, and a remote call site providing CPR instructions either through audio or video. Both on-site and online activities were recorded and analyzed. The accuracy of hand positions, the time of CPR initiation, the speed and effectiveness (depth) of chest compressions were tracked and compared between the audio and video guided groups based on AHA requirements.

Results: Across 61 trials, CPR initiation occurred in 22 ± 11 seconds in the audio group and 22 ± 6 seconds in the video group. Hand location accuracy was 77% in audio participants and 97% in video participants (p<0.05). The average speed of CPR was 0.55 ± 0.23 seconds with audio guidance and 0.45 ± 0.27 seconds with video guidance. The effectiveness of compressions was 33% ± 39% in the audio group and significantly improved to 79% ± 26% in the video group (p<0.0001).

Conclusion: The implementation of a new video-guided CPR system can significantly enhance CPR effectiveness when compared to the audio-assisted approach.
The Use of CHA2DS2-VASc Score to Predict Functional Outcomes of Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Livesay James , Fogelson Benjamin , Stephens Shawna , Patel Chirag , Dieter William , Tahir Hassan , Wiseman Brian , Baljepally Raj
Published: October 2023

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy is widely used for revascularization of acute ischemic strokes from large vessel occlusions. Functional outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy are typically assessed using the modified Rankin scale. CHA2DS2-VASc score is commonly used to estimate the stroke risk of patients with atrial fibrillation, but studies have verified its use in other various situations. Our study aimed to assess the utility of CHA2DS2-VASc score in predicting outcomes of patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods: We performed a single center retrospective study. Of patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion (n = 448). CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated on each patient and the study population was grouped based on low-risk ≤ 2, intermediate risk 3-4 and high-risk ≥ 5. Association between CHA2DS2-VASc score and 90-day modified Rankin score as well as in-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year mortality was evaluated and compared between the three groups.

Results: A total of 312 patients met criteria for the study. Patients in the high-risk CHA2DS2-VASc score had a significantly higher modified Rankin score (4.48) when compared to low (2.57) and intermediate (3.82) risk groups. Higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores were also associated with a significantly higher in-hospital, 30-day, and one year mortality.

Conclusion: CHA2DS2-VASc score, a simple bed-side tool, can predict higher mortality and worse functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusions.
Effect of biostimulant raw materials on soybean (Glycine max) crop, when applied alone or in combination with herbicides
Authors: Franzoni Giulia , Bulgari Roberta , Florio Francesco Elia , Gozio Enrico , Villa Daniele , Cocetta Giacomo , Ferrante Antonio
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Biostimulants exert positive functions in plants, improving yield and quality, and alleviating the negative effects of abiotic stresses. Among them, the application of herbicides may cause damage to nontarget plants. At present, limited information is available regarding the interaction between biostimulants and herbicides.

Methods

The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of an herbicide’s mixture (Harmony® 50 SX® + Tuareg® + Zetrola®), used in combination with several biostimulant raw materials (BRM), on the agronomic and physiologic characteristics of soybean. The experiments were conducted in two seasons, 2020 and 2021, applying the herbicides mixture alone or associated with 10 BRM.

Results

Differences emerged between the two years, considering nitrate, total sugars concentration, flavonol, and chlorophyll a fluorescence-related parameters. Chlorophyll content significantly declined (−45% in 2020) in plants treated with the herbicides mixture alone but, in combination with potassium silicate, the chlorophyll values were restored to control levels. The same positive effect observed in response to the combination of potassium silicate and the herbicide mixture has been confirmed in the second year of experiment. At the same time, chlorophyll content and Nitrogen Index were positively increased (up to 8% and 30%, respectively) depending on the application of some BRM and the year. A significant effect of biostimulants on yield was confirmed by the application of Ascophyllum nodosum (+16%) and humic acids (+7%), in 2020. However, the combined use with the herbicides nullifies the increase.

Discussion

The results obtained from these experiments support the use of biostimulants in improving specific quality traits (chlorophyll content, leaves nitrogen status, and secondary metabolites accumulation). At the same time, the potential use of biostimulants in combination with herbicides needs to be further explored since of external factors (environment, year…) still have a strong effect on their efficacy.
Gaps in asthma diagnosis and treatment in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Barne Monica
Published: October 2023

Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) contribute to a major proportion of asthma morbidity and mortality globally, even though the prevalence is higher in high income countries. Mortality due to asthma is avoidable and patients should be able to live a near normal life. There are factors that influence overall disease prevalence and poor health outcomes due to asthma in LMICs. This article summarizes the gaps in asthma diagnosis and management in LMICs. The gaps are diverse. Each challenge needs to be addressed through policy decisions, upgrade of infrastructure, knowledge and skills for early diagnosis and correct management among health care providers, both clinicians and paramedics. Healthcare accessibility and affordability are genuine challenges, and the public healthcare system needs to be geared up to address these at primary and tertiary levels. Mass education of the population through national level government initiatives is needed to help bridge the sociocultural gaps.