bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinantes de estancia prolongada de neonatos en una unidad de cuidados intensivos
Authors: Marrugo-Arnedo, MSc Carlos Alberto , Arrieta-Arrieta, MSc Alí , Herrera-Malambo, Eco Diego , Díaz-Vargas, MD Lizeth Carolina , Pérez-Yepes, MD Carlos , Dueñas-Castell, MD Carmelo , Flórez-Tanus, MSc Álvaro , Gómez de la Rosa, MSc Fernando , Alvear-Pájaro, MSc Rafael , Alvis-Guzmán, PhD Nelson
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: determinar los factores asociados con estancias prolongadas en una unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) neonatal. Materiales y métodos: estudio de tipo retrospectivo, de corte transversal, descriptivo y analítico a partir de los registros individuales de prestación de servicios (RIPS) y la facturación de una Empresa Prestadora de Servicios de Salud (EPS) de Colombia. Se estimó un modelo logístico binomial tomando como variable dependiente estancias prolongadas. Resultados: la mediana de la duración en estancia en una UCI de los 947 neonatos incluidos en el análisis fue de 3 días y una estancia promedio de 4.8 días (amplitud intercuartílica de 1-5 días). Respecto a los determinantes, la edad gestacional, el peso al nacer y la edad de la madre mantienen una relación inversa con la probabilidad de generar días estancias, residir en zonas urbanas y contar con un buen control prenatal se convierten en factores protectores. Conclusión: el control prenatal es una intervención eficiente y efectiva para la gestión del riesgo de la salud, así como disminuir los embarazos en las mujeres jóvenes (<18 años) y mayores (>35 años) cumplirían un papel fundamental en la reducción de estancias prolongadas en una UCI neonatal.
Efectividad analgésica del clonixinato de lisina asociado con el paracetamol en el tratamiento posoperatorio de exodoncias
Authors: Bacilio Amaranto, DD Reyma Evelyn , Millones Gómez, PhD Pablo Alejandro
Published: June 2019

Introducción: el uso de terapias analgésicas para controlar el dolor postexodoncia es muy variado y depende muchos factores. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la efectividad analgésica del paracetamol asociado con el clonixinato de lisina y compararlo con monoterapias de paracetamol e ibuprofeno en el tratamiento posoperatorio de exodoncias. Materiales y métodos: la muestra estuvo conformada por 39 pacientes distribuidos aleatoriamente en tres grupos. El dolor posoperatorio se midió utilizando la Escala Visual Análoga (EVA) 1 h, 8 h y 24 h postexodoncia. El análisis estadístico de la evolución de las tres terapias, se realizó empleando el test t de Student, anova y test de Tuckey, con un nivel de significancia de p < 0.05. Resultados: los valores obtenidos demostraron que la combinación analgésica de paracetamol asociado con el clonixinato de lisina fue más efectiva 1 h y 8 h después. A las 24 h no existieron diferencias en los tres grupos de estudio. Conclusión: la analgesia de la terapia combinada de Paracetamol asociada con el Clonixinato de lisina es superior a la producida por la dosis estándar de Ibuprofeno y Paracetamol en el tratamiento del dolor posoperatorio de exodoncias simples.
Análisis histórico epidemiológico de la pandemia de gripa de 1918-1919 en Boyacá, un siglo después
Authors: Martínez Martín, PhD Abel Fernando , Meléndez Álvar Bernardo Francisco Andrés , Manrique Corredor, PhD Edwar Javier , Robayo Avendaño, PhD Omar Fernando
Published: June 2019

Introducción: la gripa que ocurrió entre 1918-1919 causó la mayor mortalidad en la historia de las pandemias, se estima que 50 millones de personas fallecieron. Se realizó un estudio históricoepidemiológico a partir de fuentes documentales contrastadas con un análisis estadístico de 142 963 registros de defunción consignados en los libros parroquiales de 94 municipios de Boyacá y los censos de los años 1912, 1918 y 1928. Desarrollo: a partir de las fuentes primarias obtenidas, se reconstruye la realidad socio-sanitaria de Boyacá y el desarrollo cronológico de la pandemia en el departamento. La gripa era conocida en Boyacá antes de la pandemia. Durante el periodo pandémico (1918-1919) se encontraron 20 102 decesos en los libros parroquiales, 3305 registrados como gripa, de los cuales el 80.9 % ocurrieron en los últimos 3 meses de 1918, siendo los menores de 4 años el grupo poblacional más afectado. Conclusiones: después de la pandemia, la gripa se hace endémica en Boyacá. En el periodo pandémico, la tasa promedio de mortalidad en los municipios ubicados sobre los 2000 msnm es tres veces mayor a aquellos que se encuentran por debajo de esta altura. Las condiciones de pobreza y hacinamiento acentuaron la letalidad de la pandemia, por lo que fueron ineficientes las acciones de las direcciones de higiene para enfrentarla. Las juntas de socorros y la Junta Patriótica de Sanidad son las únicas que realizaron acciones efectivas.
“Relative Continuity” for Non-Lipschitz Nonsmooth Convex Optimization Using Stochastic (or Deterministic) Mirror Descent
Authors: Lu Haihao
Published: June 2019

The usual approach to developing and analyzing first-order methods for nonsmooth (stochastic or deterministic) convex optimization assumes that the objective function is uniformly Lipschitz continuous with parameter Mf. However, in many settings, the nondifferentiable convex function f is not uniformly Lipschitz continuous—for example, (i) the classical support vector machine problem, (ii) the problem of minimizing the maximum of convex quadratic functions, and even (iii) the univariate setting with [Formula: see text]. Herein, we develop a notion of “relative continuity” that is determined relative to a user-specified “reference function” h (that should be computationally tractable for algorithms), and we show that many nondifferentiable convex functions are relatively continuous with respect to a correspondingly fairly simple reference function h. We also similarly develop a notion of “relative stochastic continuity” for the stochastic setting. We analyze two standard algorithms—the (deterministic) mirror descent algorithm and the stochastic mirror descent algorithm—for solving optimization problems in these new settings, providing the first computational guarantees for instances where the objective function is not uniformly Lipschitz continuous. This paper is a companion paper for nondifferentiable convex optimization to the recent paper by Lu et al. [Lu H, Freund RM, Nesterov Y (2018) Relatively smooth convex optimization by first-order methods, and applications. SIAM J. Optim. 28(1): 333–354.], which developed analogous results for differentiable convex optimization.
How Does the Implementation of Enterprise Information Systems Affect a Professional’s Mobility? An Empirical Study
Authors: Greenwood Brad N. , Ganju Kartik K. , Angst Corey M.
Published: June 2019

Although significant research has examined the effect of enterprise information systems on the behavior and careers of employees, the majority of this work has been devoted to the study of blue- and gray-collar workers, with little attention paid to the transformative effect information technology may have on high-status professionals. In this paper, we begin to bridge this gap by examining how highly skilled professionals react to the increasing presence of enterprise systems within their organizations. Specifically, we investigate how the implementation of enterprise systems—in the form of electronic health records—affects the decision of physicians to continue practicing at their current hospital. Results suggest that when enterprise systems create complementarities for professionals, their duration of practice at the organization increases significantly. However, when technologies are disruptive and force professionals to alter their routines, there is a pronounced exodus from the organization. Interestingly, these effects are strongly moderated by individual and organizational characteristics, such as the degree of firm-specific human capital, local competition, and the prevalence of past disruptions, but are not associated with accelerated retirement or the strategic poaching of talent by competing organizations.
Getting anticipatory prescribing right in end-of-life care
Authors: Bowers Ben , While Alison
Published: June 2019

There is a growing number of people who need access to high-quality endof-life care in the home setting. This requires timely assessments of needs, ensuring good symptom management and recognising the roles undertaken by carers. For some patients, a range of medications may need to be put in place to relieve end-of-life symptoms, using ‘anticipatory prescribing’. District nurses must ensure that they acknowledge the patient's voiced preferences and be mindful of the safety issues that arise with the supply of controlled drugs in the home. This article highlights the challenges faced by district nurses providing or dealing with anticipatory prescribing during end-of-life care.
Skin considerations for older adults with wounds
Authors: Holloway Samantha
Published: June 2019

Ageing leads to a number of skin changes that not only place an older adult at risk of tissue damage, but can present as peri-wound problems for those with existing wounds, for example, incontinence-associated and moisture-associated dermatitis in individuals with pressure ulcers. Older adults with venous disease experience skin changes concomitant with venous hypertension, making the skin more at risk of breakdown, specifically the common complications of lipodermatosclerosis and venous eczema. In individuals with diabetic foot disease, skin changes related to autonomic neuropathy mean patients can experience dry skin that cracks easily, placing them at higher risk of infection. Common to all individuals with wounds requiring some sort of dressing is the risk of medical adhesive-related skin injury, where dressing application and removal need to be of the utmost priority to reduce the risk of injury. This article discusses some of the common peri-wound skin considerations in patients with chronic wounds.
Focused shockwave therapy in diabetic foot ulcers: secondary endpoints of two multicentre randomised controlled trials
Authors: Galiano Robert , Snyder Robert , Mayer Perry , Rogers Lee C. , Alvarez Oscar ,   The Sanuwave Trial Investigators
Published: June 2019

Objective:

The objective of this paper is to present the secondary safety and efficacy outcomes from two studies of focused extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) used adjunctively with standard care in the treatment of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) (1A or 2A on the University of Texas grading scheme), compared with sham treatment and standard care.

Method:

We carried out two multicentre, multinational, randomised, sham-controlled, double-blinded, phase III clinical studies using standard care with adjunctive focused ESWT compared with sham treatment and standard care in patients with a DFU. DFUs that did not reduce in volume by at least 50% over two weeks' standard treatment were included. DFUs were randomised and managed with standard care and focused ESWT (pulsed acoustic cellular expression; dermaPACE System, SANUWAVE Health, Inc.) active therapy, or with standard care and sham treatment, four times over a two-week treatment phase in study 1 and up to eight times over 12 weeks in study 2. Standard care continued in both studies throughout the 12-week treatment phase. Secondary outcomes were indicators of wound closure and progression, pain, infection, amputation and recurrence, and device reliability. Efficacy-related secondary endpoints were measured at 12, 20 and 24 weeks. The studies were analysed separately and following statistical comparison to justify the method, as a pooled data set.

Results:

Wound area reduction (48.6% versus 10.7%, p=0.015, intention to treat (ITT) population with last observation carried forward (LOCF)) and perimeter reduction (46.4% versus 25.0%, p=0.022, ITT population with LOCF) were significantly greater in the active therapy group compared with the sham-treated group, respectively. The difference in time to wound closure in the pooled ITT population was significantly in favour of the active therapy group (84 days versus 112 days for 25% of subjects to reach wound closure in the active and sham-treated groups, respectively; p=0.0346). The proportion of subjects who achieved wound area reduction (WAR) from baseline at week 12 of ≥90% was significantly higher in the active therapy group. The incidence and nature of infection were consistent with previously published studies, and pain was not increased in the active therapy group. Amputation was insignificantly higher in the sham-treated group and recurrence did not differ. The ESWT device was found to be reliable.

Conclusion:

The outcomes for the primary and secondary endpoints from these studies show that ESWT administered adjunctively with standard care is an effective advanced therapy for neuropathic DFUs (grade 1A and 2A) that do not respond to two weeks' standard care alone by reducing wound volume by at least 50%.
Effects of a surfactant-based gel on acute and chronic paediatric wounds: a panel discussion and case series
Authors: Kirsner Robert S. , Amaya Rene , Bass Kathryn. , Boyar Vita , Ciprandi Guido , Glat Paul M. , Percival Steven L. , Romanelli Marco , Pittinger Timothy P.
Published: June 2019

On 20 November 2018, following the International Society for Paediatric Wound Care conference, a closed panel meeting took place in which the use of a surfactant-based gel (PluroGel (PMM), Medline Industries, Illinois, US) in paediatric wound care was discussed. The authors shared their experiences, thoughts, experimental data and clinical results. The panel identified the need for a product that can gently cleanse paediatric wounds and remove devitalised tissue without causing discomfort or skin reactions, as well as potentially promote healing. In adults, PMM has been shown to assist healing by hydrating the wound, controlling exudate and debriding non-viable tissue. Islands of neo-epithelium have also been reported to appear rapidly in different parts of the wound bed. No adverse effects on these proliferating cells have been observed. In vitro data suggest that PMM can remove biofilm, as well as potentially promote healing through cell salvage. The panel, therefore, set out to discuss their experiences of using PMM in the paediatric patients and to establish a consensus on the indications for its use and application in this population. This article will describe the main outcomes of that discussion and present case studies from paediatric patients with a variety of wound types, who were treated with PMM by members of the panel.
Gender equality as psychological capital: the case of the UK Body Confidence Campaign
Authors: Amery Fran
Published: June 2019

This article argues that gender-equality policy may function to cultivate women’s ‘psychological capital’, that is, psychological traits that assist women in becoming better workers and therefore further the interests of capital. It assesses documents produced by the UK government’s Body Confidence Campaign. First, the article finds that the campaign promoted narrow and corporate ideas about gender equality, only treating women’s aspiration as valuable if it led them to pursue profitable and traditionally ‘male’ professions. Second, it finds that despite campaign leaders’ criticisms of initiatives that blame women for their own low self-esteem, in practice, the campaign ended up doing exactly this by portraying low confidence as a drain on society and instructing women and girls to ‘build resilience’. Finally, the article finds that the campaign allowed companies to receive credit for limited and temporary efforts to appear ‘woman-friendly’ without overhauling their harmful marketing strategies in the long term.
Was it a strike? Notes on the Polish Women’s Strike and the Strike of Parents of Persons with Disabilities.
Authors: Kubisa Julia , Rakowska Katarzyna
Published: June 2019

Dwa znaczące protesty społeczne, które miały miejsce w Polsce w ostatnich latach – masowa mobilizacja kobiet przeciwko zakazowi aborcji i okupacja budynku Sejmu przez opiekunów osób niepełnosprawnych – nazywano strajkami. W artykule analizujemy wydarzenia związane ze Strajkiem Kobiet w 2016, 2017 i 2018 roku oraz strajk Rodziców Osób Niepełnosprawnych z 2018 roku, ujmując strajk jako formę protestu. Dlaczego obydwa protesty nazwano strajkami i jakie są implikacje określania ich przy użyciu terminologii z zakresu sporów zbiorowych? W Polsce strajki są formą zbiorowego, zinstytucjonalizowanego konfliktu pracowników najemnych, organizowanego wyłącznie przez związek zawodowy zarejestrowany w określonym miejscu pracy, a ich przedmiotem mogą być wyłącznie sprawy związane z miejscem pracy, nie zaś sprawy polityczne i znajdujące się poza gestią pracodawcy. Strajk Kobiet i protest Rodziców Osób Niepełnosprawnych nie były strajkami de iure, odrzucały jednak podział na produkcję (pracę najemną) i reprodukcję (praca nieodpłatna), co nadało szczególne znaczenie „odmowie pracy”, jaka miała wówczas miejsce. Użycie koncepcji strajku i stworzenie przestrzeni łączącej różne działania związane z walkami o prawa pracownicze i reprodukcyjne skutkowało upodmiotowieniem protestujących. Interpretujemy to jako strategię przejęcia typowych akcji protestacyjnych zarezerwowanych wcześniej dla pracowników najemnych.
Feminist transnational diaspora in the making. The case of the #BlackProtest
Authors: Gober Greta , Struzik Justyna
Published: June 2019

Autorki artykułu omawiają społeczną mobilizację wokół #CzarnegoProtestu wśród polskich migrantek mieszkających w czterech europejskich miastach. #CzarnyProtest był najwyrazistszym przykładem ruchu o prawa kobiet w najnowszej historii Polski. Główne pytanie badawcze prezentowanego studium dotyczy znaczeń przypisywanych zagranicznym protestom solidarnościowym przez ich organizatorki. Analiza motywów skłaniających do organizowania #CzarnegoProtestu za granicą pokazuje, że mobilizacja ta wykracza poza ramy transnarodowego aktywizmu. Teoretyczna rama artykułu powstała w oparciu o rozważania na temat diaspor jako kulturowych wspólnot tworzonych przez procesy negocjowania tożsamości, wewnętrznej heterogeniczności oraz własnych granic. Do ramy tej autorki włączają dodatkowo koncepcje ruchów społecznych, pokazując, w jaki sposób liderstwo oparte na łączeniu, dyskursywne struktury możliwości oraz emocje umożliwiły transnarodową mobilizację wokół #CzarnegoProtestu. Opierając się na wywiadach jakościowych z organizatorkami protestów, autorki wskazują, że #CzarnyProtest zainicjował powstanie feministycznej, transnarodowej diaspory wewnątrz społeczności migranckich.
The #яНеБоюсьСказать (#IamNotScaredToSpeak) campaign of July 2016 in Facebook’s Russian speaking community: A Discourse Analysis
Authors: Sedysheva Anna
Published: June 2019

Aktywizm cyfrowy lub hashtagowy na platformach społecznościowych, takich jak Twitter i Facebook, w ostatnim czasie zyskał popularność na całym świecie. Kampanie takie jak #MeToo i #YesAllWomen zwróciły uwagę na problem przemocy ze względu na płeć i mizoginię. Artykuł ten jest poświęcony podobnej, ale wyjątkowej kampanii – #ЯнеБоюсьСказать (#NieBojęSięPowiedzieć) – która odbyła się w rosyjskojęzycznej społeczności Facebooka w lipcu 2016 roku. (Po tym wydarzeniu identyczną kampanię rozpoczęto na Ukrainie, a następnie w innych byłych radzieckich republikach, między innymi w Kazachstanie.) Cel tego artykułu jest dwojaki. Po pierwsze, przeprowadzając analizę dyskursu, autorka przygląda się postom związanym z #NieBojęSięPowiedzieć i stawia tezę, że kampania, w wyniku aktywnego udziału kobiet, zwiększyła widoczność problemu przemocy seksualnej. Uczestniczki kampanii, które zdecydowały się ujawnić osobiste doświadczenia swoje i innych, pomogły zwiększyć znaczenie kobiecego sprawstwa językowego i uczyniły #NieBojęSięPowiedzieć pierwszym jak dotąd dużym ruchem feministycznym w Rosji. Po drugie, autorka bada specyfikę kampanii #NieBojęSięPowiedzieć i stwierdza, że miała ona przede wszystkim charakter oddolny, a samoorganizacja i udział zwykłych ludzi były kluczowe dla powstania ruchu. W przeciwieństwie do #NieBojęSięPowiedzieć kampania #MeToo, działająca w kontekście zachodnim, była w dużej mierze inicjowana i prowadzona przez gwiazdy.
Remythisierung des Nationalen. Grigol Robakidses Die Hüter des Grals als Gedächtnisroman
Authors: Tsagareli Levan
Published: June 2019

The exile in Germany allowed the Georgian writer Grigol Robakidse to re-work national myths and history more freely. Hence it appears legitimate to read Robakidse’s novel Die Hüter des Grals that was written and published during his exile period as a fiction of memory. The text aims to counteract social oblivion and to prevent the loss of the Georgian identity. Recalling the national past becomes an act of resistance against Soviet rulers and is determined to serve as a weapon against suppression. To do so, the novel allocates the entire storyline to a mythically determined framework that is designed as a fusion of the Georgian and European mythologems, thus demonstrating the proximity of the corresponding cultural traditions. By staging a fight between various interpretations of the past, it not only (re)constructs but also remythologizes the national identity and attaches to it a universal significance. The characters and spaces of the novel are configured in a way that the Georgian (and the congruent Occidental) self-image is represented as sacred, whereas the intracultural (Bolshevist) hetero-image undergoes demonization. According to the conception of the text, a special cultural mission is assigned to Georgia as a country that is able to fulfill the role of a guardian of the Occident’s spirit, its past, and its values.
Considerations for Standardizing Fluid Station Practices Among Road Races
Authors: Cheuvront Samuel N. , Sollanek Kurt J.
Published: June 2019

Road race event planners have the paramount task of providing runners with appropriate access to fluid along race courses. Important variables for consideration include weather conditions, participant numbers, and racing distances. In an effort to standardize practices among road races, this review describes novel improvements to the traditional approach for estimating total fluid needs and fluid station numbers. Recommendations for fluid station numbers and positioning are given to serve as a starting point for standardizing fluid station practices among road races.
Running in the Heat: Performance Consequences and Strategies to Prepare for Hot-Weather Racing
Authors: Ely Brett R. , Ely Matthew R.
Published: June 2019

Competitive runners seek to control as many performance variables as possible when preparing for peak competition. However, race day weather is out of an athlete's control and can have a profound impact on performance. This review defines hot weather in terms of running performance, details the physiology underlying heat-related performance decrements, and discusses strategies that may mitigate the negative impact of heat on cardiovascular strain and attenuate reductions in heat-related running performance.
A espiritualidade no cuidado perioperatório: a perspectiva do paciente
Authors: Vieira da Silva Taline Cristina , De Mazzi Nathália Romeu
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: compreender a espiritualidade no cuidado perioperatório sob a perspectiva do paciente. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 10 pacientes em pós-operatório de cirurgia eletiva internados em um hospital paulista entre fevereiro e abril de 2018. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: a espiritualidade foi relacionada às atividades de rotina do paciente, sendo relatada a importância da fé para os enfrentamentos, especialmente na diminuição de angústias no perioperatório. Houve, porém, confusão entre os significados de espiritualidade e religiosidade. Sobre os sistemas de apoio, os entrevistados citaram os líderes religiosos e a família como sustentação à fé no perioperatório, visto que os profissionais de saúde não abordam tal aspecto no cuidado. Considerações finais: há uma dicotomia entre as necessidades dos pacientes e a abordagem da espiritualidade realizada pelos profissionais de saúde, tornando-se necessário repensar os fluxos e protocolos institucionais.
Dicotomía Naturaleza – Tecnología: diálogo entre el Constructivismo Social de la Tecnología y la Ecología Política Latinoamericana
Authors: Cavalli Ayelen , Carrozza Tomás Javier
Published: June 2019

En el presente artículo se abordará la relación entre Tecnología y Naturaleza, dentro del Constructivismo Social de la Tecnología (SCOT) y se indagaran los posibles argumentos que eviten recaer tanto en el determinismo tecnológico como en el determinismo social. En segundo lugar, esta investigación se propone tomar las herramientas provenientes de la Ecología Política Latinoamericana (EPL), focalizando en los desarrollos realizados a partir de los denominados “giro descolonial” en los estudios latinoamericanos y “giro ontológico” dentro de la antropología, los cuales confluyen en el trabajo de Arturo Escobar, para reflexionar sobre las posibilidades que ofrecen las mismas para una lectura descolonial de la dicotomía Tecnología – Naturaleza. Con el fin de llevar a cabo los objetivos mencionados, se presentará como estudio empírico el caso del Movimiento Binacional de Afectados ante el Plan de Terminación de la represa hidroeléctrica argentino-paraguaya Yacyretá, el cual cuenta con financiamiento del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) de la República Argentina. En el caso mencionado las herramientas conceptuales de SCOT resultan insuficientes para dar cuenta de la relación entre naturaleza y tecnología, ya que el énfasis puesto en superar el determinismo tecnológico discute solamente la vinculación sociedad – tecnología poniendo el acento en aspectos antropocéntricos que invisibilizan la complejidad de los conflictos entornos a los modos de habitar, cuyo entramado expresa ontologías relacionales políticas, donde la distinción occidental naturaleza – cultura, y su corololario prometeico, es puesta en discusión.
Elementos materiais e simbólicos na mudança de escala da mobilização dos atingidos por barragens
Authors: Oliveira Gerson De Lima
Published: June 2019

Os movimentos sociais configuram um tema clássico de discussão nas ciências sociais. Entretanto, boa parte da literatura dá maior ênfase à análise dos elementos “materiais” da mobilização ou os analisa separadamente de seus elementos “simbólicos”, não raro dando menor ênfase a estes. Quando a análise das duas dimensões se faz presente, é comum a apresentação de descrições importantes sobre a história e características dos movimentos sociais, mas com pouca atenção aos elementos explicativos de como a mobilização e a organização se estruturam. Com o objetivo de realizar uma pesquisa cujo foco esteja nas causas da sustentação e ampliação da mobilização, valemo-nos do conceito de mudança de escala para explorar o que aqui denominamos expansão organizativa e amplificação simbólica como mecanismos causais que possibilitam a um movimento social sustentar-se e ampliar sua mobilização. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa sobre a mudança de escala na mobilização dos atingidos por barragens na bacia do rio Uruguai, que culminou na fundação do Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens (MAB). Ancorada na noção de causalidade preconizada pelo realismo crítico, procuramos responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: como se dá a transformação de um determinado movimento social envolvido em conflitos pontuais em um ator de maior alcance, imbuído de objetivos, pautas e bandeiras políticas diversas? Para tanto, exploramos os mecanismos da expansão organizacional e, sobretudo, da amplificação simbólica para explicar como os atingidos por barragens enquadram o problema social que os atinge e produzem sensos de justiça e justificações para sua mobilização.
Uma análise do desenvolvimento conceitual da sociologia de Pierre Bourdieu a partir da obra “os herdeiros”
Authors: Voigt Lucas
Published: June 2019

Este artigo realiza uma análise do desenvolvimento conceitual da sociologia de Pierre Bourdieu a partir de um dos primeiros trabalhos publicados pelo autor, “Os herdeiros: os estudantes e a cultura” (1964). Inicialmente, o artigo irá apresentar uma visão geral da obra Os herdeiros. Em seguida, são apresentados alguns dos principais conceitos da sociologia de Pierre Bourdieu, articulando as formulações incipientes contidas na obra com os desenvolvimentos da sociologia madura do autor. Argumenta-se que é possível constatar em Os herdeiros um esboço incipiente de noções importantes para a sociologia bourdieusiana, tais como habitus, capital cultural, campo, herança, violência simbólica, illusio e racismo de classe. Do mesmo modo, a obra comporta reflexões que posteriormente serão abandonadas por Bourdieu, como sua proposta de uma “pedagogia racional”, bem como sua utilização da noção de “ideologia”. Assim, Os herdeiros – estudo inaugural de Pierre Bourdieu e Jean-Claude Passeron no campo da sociologia da educação – mostra-se uma obra exemplar e profícua para a análise do desenvolvimento conceitual e do percurso intelectual da sociologia de Pierre Bourdieu.
Uma Mirada Bibliográfica: Revisão das Pesquisas Empíricas Desenvolvidas no Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
Authors: Walsh Patrick , Luz Emanuel
Published: June 2019

Esse texto versará a respeito de uma revisão bibliográfica das pesquisas empíricas desenvolvidas no Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal (CEBUDV), também conhecida como União do Vegetal ou simplesmente UDV. Nos rituais desta religião se utiliza um sacramento, denominado Hoasca ou Vegetal, e conhecido também pelo nome Ayahuasca no campo acadêmico e nos meios de comunicação. O chá é feito a partir da maceração do cipó Mariri (Banisteriopsiscaapi) e das folhas da Chacrona (Psychotriaviridis), tratando-se de um psicoativo que é utilizado nos rituais desta religião para efeito de concentração mental e com o objetivo de desenvolvimento das virtudes espirituais, morais e intelectuais. Para tal empreendimento, privilegiou-se as dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado defendidas entre os anos de 1995 e 2016. Esse recorte histórico tem o objetivo de situar e apresentar para os futuros pesquisadores desse tema os recortes, relações e interfaces investigadas até o período estabelecido. Por outro lado, apresentaremos os nossos comentários e impressões a partir da leitura dos textos que embasaram a elaboração desse artigo.
Perspectivas globais sobre organizações de trabalhadores e do trabalho
Authors: Pimenta Alexandre Marinho
Published: June 2019

Perspectivas globais sobre organizações de trabalhadores e do trabalho
Microstrip doubler microwave with non-traditional implementation
Authors: Glushechenko E. N.
Published: June 2019

Frequency multipliers are used in electronic devices to generate spectrally pure sinusoidal signals in the frequency range from a few to tens of GHz. The multipliers are used to multiply the frequency of highly stable but more low-frequency devices with the subsequent extraction of the necessary harmonics from the frequency spectrum of the received microwave range. The frequencies selected after multiplication (set) have significantly higher energy, spectral and range characteristics, which allows them to be used as local oscillators and synthesizers in receiving and transmitting systems.
The authors of this paper theoretically substantiate and practically demonstrate the possibility of an unconventional implementation of a microstrip multiplier of the microwave range based on a directional traveling wave filter. The proposed implementation does not require the use of active semiconductor elements.
The well-known circuit and technological principles for the creation of microstrip microwave multipliers are considered in the paper. The features, problems and shortcomings arising from their implementation are analyzed. The effectiveness of using the balanced circuit for frequency multiplication is confirmed. A list of mandatory requirements and conditions necessary for the implementation of the microwave multipliers is given. It is demonstrated that the features of the microstrip travelling-wave filter are identical to the conditions and requirements for the implementation of balanced multipliers. It is shown and substantiated how an unconventional implementation of a passive microwave multiplier is possible due to the electromagnetic interaction of the input and output nodes of such a filter with an annular travelling-wave resonator. Using the example of modifying a block diagram of a directional filter into a multiplier circuit, the possibility of creating a microwave doubler is confirmed by separating a given frequency from the frequency spectrum of a traveling-wave ring resonator.
Flexible composite scintillators based on ZnWO4 micro- and nanopowders
Authors: Tinkova V. S. , Yakubovskaya A. G. , Tupitsyna I. A. , Abashin S. L. , Puzan A. N. , Tretyak S. O.
Published: June 2019

Nano-sized and micro-sized ZnWO4 powders were obtained by different methods: hydrothermal synthesis with microwave heating, molten salt method, solid-state synthesis and сrushing of bulk crystals. Their morphological features were studied using transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. The obtained nano- and micro-sized powders were used as fillers for flexible composite scintillators. The silicon rubber was used as a binder. The luminescent characteristics and scintillation performance of composite scintillators were measured. The dependence of scintillation performance of flexible scintillators on the morphological features of ZnWO4 nanocrystallites was demonstrated. The flexible composite scintillator based on zinc tungstate obtained by solid-state synthesis with lithium nitrate addition was obtained and investigated. Its scintillation performance was close to that of a ZnWO4 single crystal.
Roma: Reparation versus Exploitation
Authors: de la Mora Sergio
Published: June 2019

Sergio de la Mora reviews Roma's reception in Mexico and reflects upon the film's intimate relationship with the nation's political history. Situating Roma with the broader trend in Latin American cinema for films that explore servant-employer relations, he examines how Roma visualizes the ways in which Indigenous domestic and intimate labor has been historically racialized and gendered in Mexico. He discusses the controversy surrounding Cleo's voice and agency in the film along with the aesthetic debates prompted by Cuarón's decision to film in black and white.
Screenings
Authors: Smith Paul Julian
Published: June 2019

FQ Columnist Paul Julian Smith discusses the Mexican limited series, Malinche, which tracks the Spanish conquest of Mexico and destruction of the Mexica (Aztec) Empire from the perspective of the conquistador Hernán Cortés's interpreter, the indigenous woman Malinche. He explains how the series differs from other televisual accounts of the conquest of Mexico in both its emphasis on the domestic lives of women and its use of multiple indigenous languages. He concludes by comparing the series to a recent film about the colonial experience by another Latin American female director—Zama by Lucrecia Martel.
The incidence of adrenal crisis in the postoperative period of HPA axis insufficiency after surgical treatment for Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Broersen Leonie H A , van Haalen Femke M , Kienitz Tina , Dekkers Olaf M , Strasburger Christian J , Pereira Alberto M , Biermasz Nienke R
Published: June 2019

Background

Adrenal crisis, the most feared complication of adrenal insufficiency, is a potentially life-threatening state of acute glucocorticoid deficiency. After successful surgery for Cushing’s syndrome, many patients develop (transient) adrenal insufficiency. The incidence of adrenal crisis in patients treated for hypercortisolism is unknown.

Methods

Cohort study included consecutive patients with Cushing’s syndrome with adrenal insufficiency after surgery from Leiden and Berlin from 2000 to 2015. We summarized the incidence of adrenal crisis, compared patients with and without adrenal crisis regarding potential risk factors for its occurrence and assessed the effect of better education in time on incidence of adrenal crisis.

Results

We included 106 patients, of whom 19 patients had a total of 41 adrenal crises. There were 9.0 crises per 100 patient-years at risk (95% confidence interval (CI): 6.7–12.0). All crises occurred while on hydrocortisone replacement. The risk ratio for a recurrent crisis was 2.3 (95% CI: 1.2–4.6). No clear change in incidence of adrenal crisis due to better education in time was observed. There was no difference in recurrence rate between patients with, and without any crisis, but patients with adrenal crisis had more often pituitary deficiencies.

Conclusions

The incidence of adrenal crises after treatment for Cushing’s syndrome is substantial, and patients who suffered from an adrenal crisis have higher risk for recurrent crisis. Adrenal crisis tends to present early after remission of Cushing’s syndrome, which is probably the period of severest HPA axis suppression, despite in general higher hydrocortisone replacement doses for withdrawal complaints in this period. Additional pituitary hormone deficiencies may be a risk marker for increased risk of adrenal crisis. However, further risk factor analysis is needed to identify risks for a first crisis. Effective education methods to prevent adrenal crises should be identified and implemented, including stress instructions by trained nursing staff before hospital discharge.
Therapeutic strategies to induce ERα in luminal breast cancer to enhance tamoxifen efficacy
Authors: Esakov Emily L , Hale James , Richards Elliott G , Torre-Healy Luke , Gullapalli Keerthi , Trivedi Div , Chumakova Anastasia , Wessely Oliver , Jensen Jan , Lathia Justin , Reizes Ofer
Published: June 2019

Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy and second leading cause of death in women worldwide, with hormone receptor-positive luminal breast cancers being the most widespread subtype. While these tumors are generally amenable to endocrine therapy, cellular heterogeneity and acquired ability of tumor cells to undergo cell state switching makes these populations difficult to be fully targeted and eradicated through conventional methods. We have leveraged a quality-by-design (QbD) approach that integrates biological responses with predictive mathematical modeling to identify key combinations of commercially available drugs to induce estrogen receptor expression for therapeutic targeting. This technology utilizes a high level of automation through a custom-built platform to reduce bias as well as design-of-experiments methodology to minimize the experimental iterations required. Utilizing this approach, we identified a combination of clinical compounds, each at concentrations well below their efficacious dose, able to induce the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) in hormone-positive breast cancer cells. Induction of ESR1 in luminal cells leads to chemosensitization. These findings provide proof of concept for the utility of the QbD strategy and identify a unique drug cocktail able to sensitize breast cancer cells to tamoxifen.
Transferencia de conocimiento como factor crítico para la gestión de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación en Maloka Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Blanco-Valbuena Carlos E. , Pineda Wilmer
Published: June 2019

Objetivo. Evaluar las variables de cultura organizacional, las características del conocimiento tácito-explícito y las estrategias de transferencia interna de conocimiento, por incidir en la gestión de Maloka en relación con su fin: enriquecer la cultura ciudadana estableciendo lazos entre ciencia-tecnología- innovación y sociedad. Metodología. Buscando reducir dimensiones, se aplicó el análisis factorial como técnica estadística que define grupos de variables altamente correlacionados entre sí. Hemos utilizado el test de KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) para saber si la técnica de reducción de dimensiones es viable. El estudio se ha hecho con una muestra de 72 directivos de niveles alto y medio de Maloka, corporación de gran visibilidad nacional e internacional. Resultados. Las variables de cultura organizacional evidencian la existencia  de gran confianza basada en valores morales y éticos; en las creencias colectivas; en las identidades de pensamiento surgidas de acontecimientos que conducen a la transferencia interna de conocimiento, y en los diálogos dirigidos a transferir los aprendizajes. La transferencia interna de conocimiento tácito se lleva a cabo a través de la observación directa a los expertos. El aprendizaje individual para la transferencia interna de conocimiento, se realiza a partir de estudiar lo escrito en las  “historias que se aprenden”. Las estrategias para transferir el conocimiento tácito se basan fundamentalmente en compartir experiencias por mentoría, entrenamiento,  redes y uso de un lenguaje común, verbal o corporal.
A revolution in the treatment of aggressive liposarcoma by pazopanib combined with chemotherapy- A case report
Authors: Payandeh Mehrdad , Karami Afshin , Rahimi Samira , Karami Noorodin
Published: June 2019

Pazopanib is a new tyrosine kinase inhibitor which acts as anti-VEGF signaling and antiangiogenesis. In some countries, this drug has been approved for the treatment of advanced, or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma. Nevertheless, the efficacy of Pazopanib has not yet been proven in patients with advanced liposarcoma. We reported a rare case of advanced liposarcoma that after several courses of chemotherapy, the disease was relapsed, and CT-scan results showed lung metastasis. Therapeutic measures, including surgery and chemotherapy with pazopanib, were successful in destroying the metastatic mass in the patient's lung. Our finding provides a new therapeutic approach for pleomorphic liposarcoma.
Allowing Adolescents to Weigh Benefits and Burdens of High-stakes Therapies
Authors: Puri Kriti , Malek Janet , de la Uz Caridad Maylin , Lantos John , Cabrera Antonio Gabriel , Frugé Ernest
Published: June 2019

We present the case of a girl aged 17 years and 10 months who has a strong family history of long QT syndrome and genetic testing confirming the diagnosis of long QT syndrome in the patient also. She was initially medically treated with β-blocker therapy; however, after suffering 1 episode of syncope during exertion, she underwent placement of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Since then, she has never had syncope. However, during the few months before this presentation, she experienced shocks on multiple occasions without any underlying arrhythmias. These shocks are disconcerting for her, and she is having significant anxiety about them. She requests the defibrillator to be inactivated. However, her mother, who also shares the diagnosis of long QT syndrome, disagrees and wants the defibrillator to remain active. The ethics team is consulted in this setting of disagreement between an adolescent, who is 2 months shy of the age of maturity and medical decision-making, and her mother, who is currently responsible for her medical decisions. The question for the consultation is whether it would be ethically permissible for the doctors to comply with the patient’s request to turn off the defibrillator or whether the doctors should follow the mother’s wishes until the patient is 18 years of age.
Avaliação de dois testes sorológicos comerciais para diagnóstico das infecções pelo FIV e pelo FeLV
Authors: Medeiros S.O. , Silva B.J.A. , Carneiro A.L. , Ferreira Júnior O.C. , Tanuri A.
Published: June 2019

RESUMO FIV e FeLV são retrovírus associados principalmente com neoplasias. Dois testes rápidos são disponibilizados no Brasil para o diagnóstico dessas infecções: um kit de imunocromatografia de fluxo bidirecional (SNAP® Combo IDEXX) e um kit de imunocromatografia de fluxo lateral unidirecional (ALERE/BIONOTE Anigen Rapid). O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o teste SNAP® com o teste ALERE. Amostras de sangue de 178 gatos foram testadas utilizando-se ambos os kits. A reação em cadeia de polimerase em tempo real (qPCR) foi empregada como método confirmatório para todos os resultados. O teste SNAP® apresentou sensibilidade e especificidade de 100% para FIV; a sensibilidade e a especificidade do teste ALERE foram de 96,15% e 98,68%, respectivamente. A sensibilidade e a especificidade para o FeLV foram de 93,02% e 96,30% para o teste SNAP® e de 90,70% e 97,78% para o teste ALERE. Ainda em relação ao FeLV, três amostras com resultado positivo na qPCR obtiveram resultado falso-negativo em ambos os testes. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os métodos. Considerando a qPCR como padrão-ouro, o teste SNAP® apresentou maior sensibilidade e especificidade para o FIV, e o teste ALERE apresentou maior especificidade para o FeLV. Os resultados mostraram uma boa correlação entre os testes.
Padronização de uma PCR para a autenticação do Salmo salar em pratos da culinária japonesa
Authors: Gonçalves E.P.M. , Barros M.C.S. , Pessôa M.C. , Cardilli D.J. , Roos T.B. , Moraes C.M.
Published: June 2019

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi padronizar uma PCR para a detecção do Salmo salar, a qual possa ser usada na autenticação do salmão utilizado em pratos da culinária japonesa e do pescado comercializado in natura. Para isso, dois lotes de sushi foram produzidos experimentalmente. Além disso, foram visitados 38 estabelecimentos que comercializam comida japonesa e 10 peixarias na região metropolitana de Belém, visando à coleta do sushi, do temaki e do pescado pertencente à espécie Salmo salar. Os dados demonstraram que a técnica foi eficiente para a autenticação de Salmo salar, visto que a espécie foi detectada tanto nas amostras de sushis preparados experimentalmente quanto nas alíquotas de pescados isolados, utilizados para a preparação do sushi. Em contrapartida, a espécie Salmo trutta não foi detectada nas amostras de sushis preparados com esta espécie nem nas alíquotas de pescado isolado. Além disso, foi possível a confirmação da utilização da espécie Salmo salar no preparo das amostras de sushi, temaki e de pescado. Portanto, concluiu-se que a técnica foi capaz de amplificar o DNA da referida espécie e não gerou identificação inespecífica quando a espécie Salmo trutta foi analisada, podendo ser uma ferramenta adequada para a autenticação do Salmo salar.
Substituição da farinha e do óleo de peixe por farinha e óleo de origem vegetal em rações utilizadas na fase de engorda do camarão-branco-do-pacífico Litopenaeus vannamei, em sistemas de bioflocos
Authors: Tesser M.B. , Cardozo A.P. , Camaño H.N. , Wasielesky W.
Published: June 2019

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da substituição da farinha e do óleo de peixe pelo concentrado proteico de soja e óleo de soja, na sobrevivência, no crescimento e na composição corporal dos camarões (Litopenaeus vannamei) produzidos em sistema de bioflocos (BFT). Foram formuladas cinco dietas, isoproteicas e isoenergéticas, com diferentes níveis de substituição da farinha e do óleo de peixe por concentrado proteico de soja e óleo de soja, sendo os tratamentos designados como: 0% (sem substituição), 25%, 50%, 75% e 100%. As rações foram elaboradas para conter aproximadamente 35% de proteína e 8% de lipídios. O experimento foi conduzido durante 49 dias, com juvenis com peso inicial de 2,93±0,83g, em sistema de bioflocos (BFT). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos até 75% de substituição para as variáveis de ganho de peso, conversão alimentar e sobrevivência. O tratamento de 100% de substituição apresentou menor taxa de crescimento específico. O presente resultado sugere que, nas dietas para camarões criados em sistema bioflocos, a farinha e o óleo de peixe possam ser substituídos em até 75% por concentrado proteico de soja e óleo de soja, sem prejudicar o desenvolvimento dos animais.