bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bile acids as potential pheromones in pintado catfish Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Spix & Agassiz, 1829): eletrophysiological and behavioral studies
Authors: Giaquinto Percília Cardoso , Barreto Rodrigo Egydio , Volpato Gilson Luiz , Fernandes-de-Castilho Marisa , Gonçalves-de-Freitas Eliane
Published: April 2015

Bile acids are potent olfactory and gustatory stimulants for fish. Electro-olfactogram recording was used to test whether the olfactory epithelium of pintado catfish Pseudoplatystoma corruscans is specifically sensitive to bile acids, some of which have been hypothesized to function as pheromones. Five out of 30 bile acids that had been pre-screened for olfactory activity in fish were selected. Cross-adaptation experiments demonstrated that sensitivity to bile acids is attributable to at least 3 independent classes of olfactory receptor sites. The taurocholic acid (TCA) and taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCD) were the most potent compounds. By using avoidance/preference tests, we found that P. corruscans prefers water containing TCA. Bile acids are discriminated by olfactory epithelium of pintado, supporting that these compounds could function as pheromones.
A new species of the catfish genus Centromochlus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae: Centromochlinae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil
Authors: Sarmento-Soares Luisa Maria , Birindelli José Luís Olivan
Published: April 2015

Centromochlus comprises twelve species, distributed in the main inland watersheds of South America, including the Orinoco, Essequibo, coastal rivers of Suriname, Amazon, upper Paraná and São Francisco basins. The new species is described from the upper rio Paraná based on material collected in 1965 during the construction of the UHE Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil. The new species is easily distinguished from all congeners due to absence of adipose fin, a condition otherwise restricted to Gelanoglanis nanonocticolus, among centromochlin catfishes. The new species comprises small catfishes (adults ranging from 35 to 39 mm SL), in which modified anal fin of males is devoid of denticulations or spines, and most posterior rays reduced in length. In addition, Tatia simplex Mees is transferred to Centromochlus and its generic reassignment discussed.
Phylogenetic signal and major ecological shifts in the ecomorphological structure of stream fish in two river basins in Brazil
Authors: Roa-Fuentes Camilo Andrés , Casatti Lilian , Romero Renato de Mei
Published: April 2015

We tested the contribution of the phylogenetic and specific components to the ecomorphological structure of stream fish from the upper Paraguai River and upper São Francisco River basins, and identified nodes in the phylogenetic tree at which major ecological shifts occurred. Fish were sampled between June and October of 2008 in 12 streams (six in each basin). In total, 22 species from the upper Paraguai River basin and 12 from the upper São Francisco River were analyzed. The ecomorphological patterns exhibited phylogenetic signal, indicating that the ecomorphological similarity among species is associated with the degree of relatedness. A strong habitat template is most likely to be the primary cause for a high phylogenetic signal. A significant contribution from the specific component was also detected, supporting the idea that the phylogenetic signal occurs in some clades for some traits, but not in others. The major ecological shifts were observed in the basal nodes, suggesting that ecological niche differences appear to accumulate early in the evolutionary history of major clades. This finding reinforces the role of key traits in the diversification of Neotropical fishes. Ecological shifts in recent groups could be related to morphological modifications associated with habitat use.
Description of males of Phallotorynus pankalos Lucinda, Rosa & Reis, 2005 and reappraisal of Phallotorynus species relationships (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae)
Authors: Lucinda Paulo H. F. , Graça Weferson J. da
Published: April 2015

Recently discovered male specimens of Phallotorynus pankalos are described and diagnosed from males of congener species on the basis of gonopodial morphology, color pattern and number of dorsal and anal-fin rays. The phylogenetic hypothesis of relationships among Phallotorynus species is reappraised with the inclusion of P. pankalos. Phallotorynus pankalos is hypothesized as sister to P. jucundus, a clade sister to P. victoriae or to a clade composed of P. dispilos and P. psittakos. Biogeography of Phallotorynus species is discussed, and it is suggested: (1) an early basal split between the rio Paraíba do Sul drainage and the Paraná-Paraguay system, separating P. fasciolatus from the ancestor of the remaining Phallotorynus species followed by a dispersal to rio Paraíba do Sul; (2) that the formation of the Sete Quedas falls may have isolated the ancestors of P. psittakos and P. dispilos. However, the sequence of events associated with the evolutionary history of Phallotorynus remains unclear and unsatisfactory.
A novel method to obtain accurate length estimates of carnivorous reef fishes from a single video camera
Authors: Trobbiani Gastón A. , Venerus Leonardo A.
Published: April 2015

In the last years, technological advances enhanced the utilization of baited underwater video (BUV) to monitor the diversity, abundance, and size composition of fish assemblages. However, attempts to use static single-camera devices to estimate fish length were limited due to high errors, originated from the variable distance between the fishes and the reference scale included in the scene. In this work, we present a novel simple method to obtain accurate length estimates of carnivorous fishes by using a single downward-facing camera baited video station. The distinctive feature is the inclusion of a mirrored surface at the base of the stand that allows for correcting the apparent or "naive" length of the fish by the distance between the fish and the reference scale. We describe the calibration procedure and compare the performance (accuracy and precision) of this new technique with that of other single static camera methods. Overall, estimates were highly accurate (mean relative error = -0.6%) and precise (mean coefficient of variation = 3.3%), even in the range of those obtained with stereo-video methods.
Diet and ecomorphological relationships of an endemic, species-poor fish assemblage in a stream in the Iguaçu National Park
Authors: Neves Mayara Pereira , Delariva Rosilene Luciana , Wolff Luciano Lazzarini
Published: April 2015

This study investigated the morphological and dietary relationships of the fish assemblage in a stream with an endemic fauna and low species richness. The ichthyofauna was sampled quarterly from September 2011 to July 2012, through the electrofishing technique. The stomach contents of 419 individuals belonging to seven species were analyzed by the volumetric method, and the ecomorphological traits of 30 specimens of each species were estimated. The main food items consumed were detritus, aquatic and terrestrial insects, and other aquatic invertebrates. We observed low levels of trophic niche breadth and diet overlap between most species. The PCA scores indicated the occurrence of three ecomorphotypes. PCA axis 1 segregated at one extreme, species with dorsoventrally depressed bodies, longer caudal peduncles, and well-developed swimming fins; and at the other extreme, species with compressed bodies and peduncles, and relatively larger eyes and anal fins. PCA axis 2 segregated species with elongated bodies and ventrally oblique mouths. The partial Mantel test revealed a significant correlation between diet and morphology, indicating independence from the phylogeny. The patterns observed suggest that the low richness did not result in a broadening of the species' trophic niches, or in the absence of some of the main ecomorphotypes expected.
Pre-harvest cane burning and health: the association between school absences and burning sugarcane fields
Authors: Mauro Carla Cabrini , Ferrante Vera Lúcia Silveira Bota , Arbex Marcos Abdo , Ribeiro Maria Lúcia , Magnani Romeu
Published: April 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate an association between pre-harvest sugarcane burning and respiratory diseases in children under five years of age. The following data were collected in five schools in the city of Araraquara, SP, Southeastern Brazil, between March and June 2009: daily records of absences and the reasons stated for these absences, total concentration of suspended particulate matter (µg/m3), and air humidity. The relationship between the percentage of school absences due to respiratory problems and the concentration of particulate matter in March and from April to June presented a distinct behavior: absences increased alongside the increase in particulate matter concentration. The use of school absences as indicators of this relationship is an innovative approach.
Enterobacteriaceae ISOLATES FROM THE ORAL CAVITY OF WORKERS IN A BRAZILIAN ONCOLOGY HOSPITAL
Authors: LEÃO-VASCONCELOS Lara Stefânia Netto de Oliveira , LIMA Ana Beatriz Mori , COSTA Dayane de Melo , ROCHA-VILEFORT Larissa Oliveira , OLIVEIRA Ana Claúdia Alves de , GONÇALVES Nádia Ferreira , VIEIRA José Daniel Gonçalves , PRADO-PALOS Marinésia Aparecida
Published: April 2015

The evaluation of workers as potential reservoirs and disseminators of pathogenic bacteria has been described as a strategy for the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Enterobacteriaceae in the oral cavity of workers at an oncology hospital in the Midwest region of Brazil, as well as to characterize the phenotypic profile of the isolates. Saliva samples of 294 workers from the hospital’s healthcare and support teams were collected. Microbiological procedures were performed according to standard techniques. Among the participants, 55 (18.7%) were colonized by Enterobacteriaceae in the oral cavity. A total of 64 bacteria were isolated, including potentially pathogenic species. The most prevalent species was Enterobacter gergoviae (17.2%). The highest rates of resistance were observed for β-lactams, and 48.4% of the isolates were considered multiresistant. Regarding the enterobacteria isolated, the production of ESBL and KPC was negative. Nevertheless, among the 43 isolates of the CESP group, 51.2% were considered AmpC β-lactamase producers by induction, and 48.8% were hyper-producing mutants. The significant prevalence of carriers of Enterobacteriaceae and the phenotypic profile of the isolates represents a concern, especially due to the multiresistance and production of AmpC β-lactamases.
PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITES AMONG FOOD HANDLERS OF SARI, NORTHERN IRAN
Authors: SHARIF Mehdi , DARYANI Ahmad , KIA Elham , REZAEI Fateme , NASIRI Mehrdad , NASROLAHEI Mohtaram
Published: April 2015

Parasitic infection is highly prevalent throughout the developing countries of the world. Food handlers are a potential source of infection for many intestinal parasites and other enteropathogenic infections as well. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasite carriers among food handlers attending the public health center laboratory in Sari, Northern Iran for annual check-up. The study was performed from August 2011 through February 2012. Stool samples were collected from 1041 male and female food handlers of different jobs aged between 18 to 63 years and were examined following standard procedures. Sociodemographic, environmental and behavioral data analysis of the food handlers were recorded in a separate questionnaire. Intestinal parasites were found in 161 (15.5%) of the studied samples. Seven species of protozoan or helminth infections were detected. Most of the participants were infected with Giardia lamblia (53.9%) followed by Blastocystis hominis (18%), Entamoeba coli (15.5%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (5.5%), Cryptosporidium sp. (3.1%), Iodamoeba butschlii (3.1%) and Hymenolepis nana (1.9%) as the only helminth infection. The findings emphasized that food handlers with different pathogenic organisms may predispose consumers to significant health risks. Routine screening and treatment of food handlers is a proper tool in preventing food-borne infections.
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CHAGAS DISEASE FOLLOWED BETWEEN 2005-2013 BY PHARMACEUTICAL CARE SERVICE IN CEARÁ STATE, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL
Authors: PEREIRA Laíse dos Santos , FREITAS Erlane Chaves , FIDALGO Arduína Sofia Ortet de Barros Vasconcelos , ANDRADE Mônica Coelho , CÂNDIDO Darlan da Silva , SILVA FILHO José Damião da , MICHAILOWSKY Vladimir , OLIVEIRA Maria de Fátima , QUEIROZ José Ajax Nogueira
Published: April 2015

By controlling the transmission of Chagas disease, the challenge of providing assistance to millions of infected patients that reach old age arises. In this study, the socioeconomic, demographic and comorbidity records of all elderly chagasic patients followed at the Pharmaceutical Care Service of the Chagas Disease Research Laboratory were assessed. The information related to the clinical form of the disease was obtained from medical records provided by the Walter Cantídio University Hospital. The profile of the studied population was: women (50.5%); mean age of 67 years; retired (54.6%); married (51.6 %); high illiteracy rate (40.2%); and family income equal to the minimum wage (51.5%). The predominant clinical forms of Chagas disease were cardiac (65.3%) and indeterminate (14.7%). The main electrocardiographic changes were the right bundle branch block (41.0%), associated or not with the anterosuperior left bundle branch block (27.4%). The average number of comorbidities per patient was 2.23 ± 1.54, with systemic arterial hypertension being the main one found (67.0%). It was found that the elderly comprise a vulnerable group of patients that associate aging with cardiac and/or digestive disorders resulting from the evolution of Chagas disease and other comorbidities, which requires special attention from health services to ensure more appropriate medical and social care.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES OBTAINED BY GREEN SYNTHESIS
Authors: MALLMANN Eduardo José J. , CUNHA Francisco Afrânio , CASTRO Bruno N.M.F. , MACIEL Auberson Martins , MENEZES Everardo Albuquerque , FECHINE Pierre Basílio Almeida
Published: April 2015

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are metal structures at the nanoscale. AgNPs have exhibited antimicrobial activities against fungi and bacteria; however synthesis of AgNPs can generate toxic waste during the reaction process. Accordingly, new routes using non-toxic compounds have been researched. The proposal of the present study was to synthesize AgNPs using ribose as a reducing agent and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a stabilizer. The antifungal activity of these particles against C. albicans and C. tropicalis was also evaluated. Stable nanoparticles 12.5 ± 4.9 nm (mean ± SD) in size were obtained, which showed high activity against Candida spp. and could represent an alternative for fungal infection treatment.
Inspecting the performance of neutral players in different small-sided games
Authors: Clemente Filipe Manuel , Martins Fernando Manuel Lourenço , Mendes Rui Sousa , Campos Francisco
Published: April 2015

The aim of this study was to inspect the effects of format and task conditions on neutral players' heart rate responses and time-motion characteristics. Four formats of play using neutral players and three task conditions were inspected. Moreover, the factor repetition (3 games per each SSG) was also analysed. Ten male amateur soccer players (26.36 ± 5.33 years old, 8 ± 3.2 years of practice, 66.18 ± 10.16 bpm at rest) participated in this study. The repeated measured revealed that no differences were found between repetitions (Pillai's Trace = .075; F8, 100 = 1.007; p-value = .436; = .075; Power = .445; small effect size). In the game 1 significant interaction effects between the two factors on heart rate responses and time-motion profiles were observed (Pillai's Trace = 0.699; F24,428 = 3.774; p-value = .001; = .175; Power = 1.000; moderate effect size). In the game 2 , significant interaction effects between the two factors on heart rate responses and time-motion profiles were observed (Pillai's Trace = .712; F24,428 = 3.860; p-value = .001; = .178; Power = 1.000; moderate effect size). Finally, in the game 3 significant interaction effects between the two factors on heart rate responses and time-motion profiles were observed (Pillai's Trace = .729; F24,428 = 3.972; p-value = .001; = .182; Power = 1.000; moderate effect size). Briefly, it was possible to conclude that the biggest formats statistically increased the heart rate responses and time-motion characteristics of neutral players. It was also possible to observe that the mean values of heart rate responses found in neutral players throughout small-sided games were appropriated to very light or recovery workouts.
Analysis and comparison of intensity in specific soccer training sessions
Authors: Condessa Luciano Antonacci , Cabido Christian Emmanuel Torres , Lima André Maia , Coelho Daniel Barbosa , Rodrigues Vinicius M. , Chagas Mauro Heleno , Garcia Emerson Silami
Published: April 2015

This study compared the exercise intensity of four specific soccer training sessions (friendly and training match, tactical and technical workouts). Ten professional soccer players (24.2 ± 3.7 years, 177.9 ± 7.3 cm, 63.2 ± 4.6 mLO2•kg-1•min-l) were recruited. A treadmill progressive interval test was performed to determine the players' VO2max, maximal heart rate (HRmax), HR-VO2 curve, and the heart rate corresponding to blood lactate concentrations of 2 and 4 mmol/L. The heart rate during the training sessions was used to estimate the exercise intensity and to classify them into intensity zones (low-intensity: <2 mmol/L; moderate-intensity: between 2 and 4 mmol/L; high-intensity: >4 mmol/L). Exercise intensities were different among training sessions (friendly match: 86.0 ± 5.1% HRmax; training match: 81.2 ± 4.1% HRmax; tactical workout: 70.4 ± 5.3% HRmax; technical workout: 62.1 ± 3.6% HRmax). The friendly match presented the highest percentage of time performed in the high-intensity zone.
Concurrent validation of the MABC-2 Motor Tests and MABC-2 Checklist according to the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire-BR
Authors: Capistrano Renata , Ferrari Elisa Pinheiro , Souza Luciano Portes de , Beltrame Thais Silva , Cardoso Fernando Luiz
Published: April 2015

The Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2nd Ed (MABC-2), comprised of motor tests and a questionnaire (Checklist), has been used by several nationalities to identify problems in children's motor behavior. However, the level of agreement between the motor tests and the checklist has been questioned. So, this study aimed to test the level of competition between the MABC-2 motor test and MABC-2 Checklist, controlled by the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ-BR) as the gold reference. Parents of 40 children and 16 teachers responded to the MABC-2 Checklist and the DCDQ-BR. Later 40 children were evaluated using the MABC-2 motor test. No significant congruence among a comparison of the MABC-2 motor tests, MABC-2 Checklist and DCDQ-BR was observed. The results indicated that there is no concurrent validity between the MABC-2 motor tests and the DCDQ-BR test, whereas the MABC-2 Checklist showed low levels of concurrent validity with the DCDQ-BR.
On Bakhtin, Philosophy, and Philology: Two Essays
Authors: Gasparov M. L. , Wachtel Michael
Published: April 2015

Mikhail Leonovich Gasparov (1935-2005) was one of the greatest and most prolific russian literary scholars of the twentieth century.

Though associated with the Moscow-Tartu school of semiotics, Gasparov's writings were so diverse and multifaceted—and his scholarly personality so distinct—as to elude categorization.

Gasparov's accomplishments are all the more remarkable when measured against the rigid Marxist-Leninist paradigms that ruled humanities education and scholarship in the Soviet Union. A philologist with a special interest in verse form, he managed to sidestep the procrustean bed of Soviet ideology, building instead on the barely tolerated work of the Russian formalists and structuralists. He embraced and developed their goal of turning literary study into an exact science by applying statistical analysis and probability theory to poetics. Gasparov's scholarship was based on unprecedented amounts of data, which he painstakingly compiled in the precomputer era. However, he was never satisfied with the data as such; he used them to reach profound and unexpected conclusions.
Helen, Angel of History
Authors: Butler Judith
Published: April 2015

How quickly and how often those who heard about the sudden death of helen tartar asked, did i let her know how much her support meant to me? Did I express adequately my gratitude for all the work she did for me and for others in literature, philosophy, critical theory, visual culture, poetry, and religion, to name but a few of her fields? I do not think it was a reflex of self-punishment as much as the upsurge of another kind of remorse, the wishing to have said more. At the American Comparative Literature Association's memorial for Helen Tartar, person after person testified to the extraordinary support she offered—soliciting a manuscript; reading it actively and critically; sometimes productively quarreling with its ideas or formulations; finding the right readers; collaborating on the material form, including cover and font; and sending the work forth into the world of readers, “worlding” it, if you will. Some at that event spoke about the race against tenure and the acute anxiety it produces, and how crucial Helen was in expediting a review and presenting the work before the board for approval. Others talked about her frank and sensitive evaluations, which let us know what had to change before the manuscript became a book—always delivered with an affirmation of the project. But because Helen was a committed intellectual with her own philosophical, literary, and religious archive, she also contested conclusions and queried moves. I remember how, when she copyedited The Psychic Life of Power (in the days when she handled every aspect of production at Stanford), she quarreled with my reading of Freud and sent me to new sources to correct my view. To Haun Saussy, with whom she worked on several projects, she wrote, “When I read this argument, I felt I needed to take hold of it like a twisted sock and pull it inside-out.” She was our first reader, and we were incredibly lucky because she paid attention.
Wallace Stevens's Point of View
Authors: Kotin Joshua
Published: April 2015

“The earth, for us, is flat and bare. / … Poetry // Exceeding music must take the place / Of empty heaven and its hymns… Such claims saturate Wallace Stevens's work: poetry, Stevens affirms and reaffirms, is a potential source of value in a secular world. This essay tracks his attempts to realize this potential—to write a poem that would satisfy his metaphysical need. His work is relentlessly self-critical and experimental, and over his career he develops extravagant (and ultimately hermetic) responses to a stubborn philosophical problem. My aim is to reframe critical approaches to a central topic in Stevens's poetry and to re-evaluate his relation to philosophy. In the process, I hope to suggest answers to more general questions: What is experimental poetry? How do poets think in verse? Why do poets write difficult poems? What makes a poem difficult in the first place?
Jewish Literature / World Literature: Between the Local and the Transnational
Authors: Levy Lital , Schachter Allison
Published: April 2015

In the past two decades, scholars of world literature and transnational literary studies have called for an overhaul of the national literature model, in favor of a model based on literature's movement beyond national boundaries. Yet across the spectrum of approaches, scholarship on world literature has focused on the languages of the metropolitan center while largely overlooking the literary cultures of the so-called peripheries. We examine Jewish literature as a transnational and multilingual body of writing whose networks of linguistic and cultural exchange provide a clear counterpoint to the center-periphery model of global literary circulation. Moreover, the essay offers one of the first comparative studies of Eastern European Jewish literature and Middle Eastern Jewish literature, furnishing new methodological tools for a comparative approach to Jewish literary culture.
URBAN SPACES, EVERYDAY LIFE AND THE EYE OF HISTORY | AN INTERVIEW WITH KATRINA SARK
Authors: Parrott Martin
Published: April 2015

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IT’S A KIND OF MAGIC: SITUATING NOSTALGIA FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS AND THE OCCULT IN GUY RITCHIE’S SHERLOCK HOLMES
Authors: Reisenleitner Markus
Published: April 2015

Guy Ritchie’s recent blockbuster success with a revisionist Sherlock Holmes is the latest in a series of popular films and fiction to have reinvigorated a nostalgic imaginary of London’s past that places the former capital of the Empire at the crossroads of a persistent Manichean battle between empiricist-driven technological progress and traditions of occult knowledge supposedly submerged in the 17th century yet continuing to trickle into the heart of the Empire from its colonies. By tracing some of these historical layers sedimented into 21st-century popular imaginaries of London’s past, this paper explores the mechanisms of popular culture’s production of nostalgia that mediate public memories and histories and suture them to the imaginary urban geographies that constitute the space of the global city through its metonymic sites and its materialized histories.
Visualization and identification of hepatitis c viral particles by atomic force microscopy combined with ms/ms analysis
Authors: Kaysheva A.L. , Ivanov Yu.D. , Zgoda V.G. , Frantsuzov P.A. , Pleshakova T.O. , Krohin N.V. , Ziborov V.S. , Archakov A.I.
Published: April 2015

Possibility of detection and identification of hepatitis C viral particles with mass spectrometry (MS) in combination with atomic force microscopy (AFM) had been investigated. AFM/MS approach is based on two technologies: 1. AFM-biospecific fishing that allows to detect, concentrate from solution and to count protein complexes on a surface of AFM-nanochip; 2. mass spectrometric identification of these complexes. AFM-biospecific fishing of HCVcoreAg from solution was carried onto surface of AFM-nanochips with immobilized anti-HCVcoreAg. It was shown that HCVcoreAg/anti-HCVcoreim complexes were formed onto AFM-nanochips in quantity sufficient for mass spectrometric identification. Thus, AFM/MS approach allows to identify fragments of hepatitis C virus fished onto a surface of AFM-nanochip from serum.
Mass-spectrometric identification of interaction sites for cytochrome P450 2b4/nadph cytochrome P450 reductase
Authors: Ivanov A.V. , Kopylov A.T. , Zgoda V.G. , Toropygin I.Yu. , Khrjapova E.V. , Ivanov Yu.D.
Published: April 2015

We determined the interaction sites of the cytochrome P450's protein-partners: 2B4 (d-2B4) and NADPH-cytochrome P450 of reductase (d-Fp). While in operation, these proteins are forming the complexes. We used 4-4'-dithio(bisphenyl)azide linker for non-specific covalent coupling of d-2B4 complexes with d-Fp in Emulgen-913 - monomerized system. Covalently-linked peptides in this complex were identified with ESI-MS/MS. Several sites of these proteins' binding with each other were revealed. Based on them, a model of intermolecular protein interactions was created. The model includes 5 cross-linker-stabilized contact sites of d-2B4 with d-Fp involving the following peptides of d-2B4 and d-Fp: 1) d-2B4423-433 и d-Fp 102-109; 2) d-2B4324-336 и d-Fp570-585; 3) d-2B4327-336 и d-Fp452-464; 4) d-2B4 192-197 и d-Fp456-464; 5) d-2B4 134-139 и d-Fp406-425.Herein, in the latter two cases, the peptides of d-Fp are located in their inter-domain slit and stabilize protein-protein complex via nanoprobe cross-linker; therefore, the formation of d-2B4/d-Fp complexes in these sites may involve aminoacid residues d-Fp456-464 and d-Fp406-425 surrounding inter-domain slit.
Knowledgebases in postgenomic molecular biology
Authors: Lisitsa A.V. , Shilov B.V. , Evdokimov P.A. , Gusev S.A.
Published: April 2015

Knowledgebases can become an effective tool essentially raising quality of information retrieval in molecular biology, promoting the development of new methods of education and forecasting of the biomedical R&D. Knowledge-based technologies should induce "paradigm shift" in the life science due to integrative focusing of research groups towards the challenges of postgenomic era. This paper debates concept of the knowledgebase, which exploits web usage mining to personalize the access of molecular biologist to the Internet resources.
Mechanism of the toxicity of the artificial ribonucleases for the different human cancer cell lines
Authors: Logashenko E.B. , Kuznetsova I.L. , Ryabchikova E.I. , Vlassov V.V. , Zenkova M.A.
Published: April 2015

The ability of artificial ribonucleases to cause in the concentration-dependent manner death of cancer cells has been studied. The cytotoxic activity of artificial ribonucleases is observed at rather low concentration of these compounds (10-5 М). Analysis of the mechanism of artificial ribonucleases citotoxicity revealed that compounds under the study exhibit membranotropic activity in addition to ribonucleases activity found earlier. This activity is responsible for effective penetration of these compounds inside cells. The results obtained show that artificial ribonucleases induce cell death via damage of cells membrane, detachment of plasmalemma and derangement its macromolecular organization. In the case of short-term exposure of cells to the compounds, cells, even with damaged membrane, survive.
Activity of enzymes of a sphingomyelin cycle and concentration of products of sphingomyelin degradation in the liver of rats in dynamics of the acute toxic hepatitis
Authors: Serebrov V.Yu. , Kuzmenko D.I. , Burov P.G. , Sapugoltseva O.B.
Published: April 2015

Activity of key enzymes of a sphingomyelin cycle and the maintenance of its components (sphingomyelin, ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate) have been studied in livers of rats in dynamics of the acute toxic hepatitis caused by hypodermic introduction of an oil solution of CCl4. Sphingomyelinase activity significally increased already on early terms and remained increased over the whole period of observation. Activity of ceramidase insignificantly differed from the control level. The levels of sphingomyelin and sphingosine-1-phosphate did not undergo marked changes while ceramidecontent significally increased. Thus, balance between liver content of ceramide (proapoptotic) and the sphingosine-1-phosphate, being the antiapoptotic factor, was shifted towards ceramide. In sphingomyelin molecules there was a significant decrease in the content of fatty acids С18:1 and С22:2, while in ceramide molecules and sphingosine-1-phosphate only fatty acid С22:2 changed. In spite of significant decrease in content of some unsaturated fatty acids, calculated unsaturation coefficients of the fatty acid component of the sphingomyelin cycle metabolites. Thus, our results together with literature data suggests involvement of ceramide-mediated apoptosis in the pathogenesis of acute toxic hepatitis. Elimination of damaged hepatocytes facilitates realization of repair processes and optimization of cellular community of a liver.
Role of thioldisulfid of system in mechanism of oxidative stress and distress at HIV of infection
Authors: Kostyushov V.V. , Bokal I.I.
Published: April 2015

In the article general conformities to law and features of violation of the thioldisulfid an redox system of whey of blood are described for patients with the without a symptom transmitter of HIV and manifestly forms AIDS. The role of her components is grounded - general, protein and non protein -SH, -S-S- groups in the mechanism of forming of oxidative stress and distress at HIV of infection. The clinic and laboratory criterions of expressed of peroxides processes are specified on the indexes of violation of redox transformations of -SH, -S-S- groups, neutralization and utilization of MDA and stability of LPC in the whey of blood at HIV of infection. Found out intercommunication between expressed of violation of the studied indexes, oxidative stress and distress and features of clinical flow of HIV of infection, allowed authors to attribute this pathology to "free radical diseases". In this connection, indicated analytic it is suggested to use as additional biochemical markers of oxidative stress and distress, and also for the ground of setting of antioxidants and their combinations in complex prophylactic or therapeutic application at HIVof infection.
Molecular mechanisms of genetic damages of the myocardium in cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hasanov A.G. , Bershova T.V. , Basargina E.N. , Bakanov M.I.
Published: April 2015

The review highlighted problems of reorganization of myocardical contractile and cytoskeletal proteins in cardiomyopathy (CM). The role of the genetic factors coding contractile proteins, proteins of thin and thick filaments, and also extracellular matrix proteins in processes of formation and development of hypertrophic (HCM) and dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathy are analyzed. The mechanisms responsible for the changes in cardiac proteins on regulation involved into force generation, its transfer, recycling ATP, impairments in transmembranal signals, that finally lead to cardiac cell dysfunction determining various manifestations of CM are considered.
Inhibition of adherence of corynebacterium diphtheriae to human buccal epitelium by glycoside hydrolases of marine hydrobiontes
Authors: Zaporozhets T.S. , Makarenkova I.D. , Bakunina I.Y. , Burtseva Y.V. , Kusaykin M.I. , Balabanova L.A. , Zvyagintseva T.N. , Besednova N.N. , Rasskazov V.A.
Published: April 2015

A possibility of adhesion inhibition of Corynebacterium diphtheriae to human buccal epithelium by glycoside hydrolases of marine hydrobiontes was investigated using α-galactosidase from marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. КММ 701, total enzyme preparation and β-1,3-glucanase from marine fungi Chaetomium, total enzyme preparation and β-1,3-glucanase from marine mollusk Littorina kurila, and total enzyme preparation from crystalline style of marine mollusk Spisula sachalinensis were used. The enzymes were added to test-tubes containing buccal epithelial cells and/or the toxigenic bacterial strain C. diphtheriae №1129, v. gravis. All the investigated enzymes were able to abort C. diphtheriae adherence to human buccal epithelocytes. Inhibition of adhesion was more pronounced in the case of treatment of epithelocytes with highly purified enzymes of marine hydrobiontes in comparison with total enzyme preparations. The significant inhibition of C. diphtheriae adhesion was observed when the enzymes were added to the epithelocytes with the attached microorganisms.The results obtained show that glycoside hydrolases of marine hydrobiontes degrade any carbohydrates expressed on cell surface of bacterium or human buccal epithelocytes, impair unique lectin-carbohydrate interaction and prevent the adhesion.
The modern creation technologies of implanted bioartificial liver
Authors: Dolgikh M.S.
Published: April 2015

The liver transplantation is the most effective method for treating severe liver disease. The hepatocytes transplantation may serve as the perspective means for treating liver failure. This review analyzes the experimental approaches and perspectives on the adult hepatocytes use for the creation of implanting bioartificial liver module for hepatic failure treatment.
The study of RNA markers in blood of patients with malignant tumors of gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Globa A.G. , Demidova V.S. , Dikova O.N. , Vishnevskiy V.A. , Shchegolyev A.I.
Published: April 2015

In order to develop a diagnostic panel, mRNA levels of tumor marker genes have been evaluated in capillary blood of patients with various malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) by means of the method of reverse transcription combined with real-time PCR with detection of reaction products using TaqMan probes. Use of small volumes of capillary blood did not decrease sensitivity of this method. RNA expression of telomerase (mhTERT), alpha-fetoprotein (mAFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (mCEA) and cytokeratin-20 (mCK-20) was higher in most patients with tumors. Blood of donors or non-oncological patients contained much lower (trace) amounts of the RNA markers. The RNA markers are characterized by reasonably high specificity and sensitivity acceptable for diagnostic application. The mhTERT marker was the most universal one and exhibited the highest specificity and sensitivity. Combined determination of several RNA markers increased sensitivity of this method. It is concluded that determination of RNA markers in small volumes of capillary blood may be used for screening, primary diagnostics, and postoperative monitoring.
Share of extracellular mitochondrial DNA with a mutations increases in the plasma of patients lung cancer after radiotherapy
Authors: Strelkova I.Y. , Abdullaev S.A. , Snigireva G.P. , Bezlepkin V.G. , Gaziev A.I.
Published: April 2015

Quantitative and qualitative changes in circulating extracellular DNA (ec-DNA) of blood plasma are considered as markers for diagnosis and prognostic of tumor pathology. We investigated the content of mutant copies of the circulating extracellular mitochondrial DNA (ec-mtDNA) in blood plasma (using the enzymatic method, based on the cleavage of DNA with unpaired bases by CEL-I endonuclease) in 8 patients with lung cancer before and after radiotherapy, as well as in healthy young and elderly donors. It was found that in the plasma of healthy elderly donors share of ec-mtDNA with mutations (consisting of total circulating DNA) is much greater, than that of young donors. On the other hand, in the plasma of lung cancer patients (aged 70-76 years) before radiotherapy a substantial increase in the share of ec-mtDNA with mutations, compared with that of healthy elderly donors. Following radiotherapy, patients with lung cancer found a twofold increase of the proportion of ec-mtDNA with mutations in the total circulating plasma DNA. This increase is largely, perhaps due to the release of ec-mtDNA with mutations from dying tumor cells and cells damaged by normal tissues.
The role of nitric oxide synthesis induction and inhibition in regulation of blood neutrophil cell death during oxidative disbalance
Authors: Ryazantseva N.V. , Zhavoronok T.V. , Stepovaya E.A. , Starikov Yu.V. , Bychkov V.A.
Published: April 2015

Modeling oxidative stress in vitro with 5мМ H2O2 has demonstrated a protective role of nitric oxide on realization of constitutional blood neutrophil cell death. The NO-synthase inductor L-arginine and the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, L-NAME, influenced on the amount of annexin-positive cells, the content of Bax protein, reactive oxygen species, cyclic nucleotides, and calcium homeostasis in neutrophils under conditions realizing programmed death during oxidative stress in vitro and under acute inflammation. During oxidative stress L-arginine normalized the increased intracellular Ca2+ level and the cАМP/cGМP ratio due to increase of cGМP level, stabilized metabolism and prolonged neutrophil life. During acute inflammation NO induction was insufficient for limitation of Ca2+ release into cytosol and for onset of the apoptotic effect; blockade of NO synthesis deteriorated this situation by activating neutrophil apoptosis due to the sharp increase in Ca2+ content and reduction of cyclic nucleotides in cytosol. The protective effect of NO on neutrophil cell death during oxidative dysbalance is not associated with regulation of apoptotic protein Bax.
Detection of telomerase activity in gastric cancer
Authors: Svinareva L.V. , Glukhov A.I. , Zimnik O.V. , Bykov I.I. , Khorobrykh T.V. , Shvets V.I.
Published: April 2015

Telomerase activity (TA) was examined in gastric adenocarcinomas and gastric lymphoma using a modified TRAP assay. TA was present in 16 of 18 (89%) gastric adenocarcinomas and in gastric lymphoma, whereas no TA was detected in normal tissue. Almost all samples had "high" and "very high" TA levels. Telomerase is undoubtedly associated with the process of malignant transformation and therefore can be an important marker for diagnostics of gastric cancer.
Basic principles of protein conformational diversity for medical biologists
Authors: Ivanov A.S.
Published: April 2015

The major factors defining protein backbone flexibility and conformation diversity are described in the lecture. The main principles of protein conformation analysis are considered. The given lecture is included in theoretical course way from gene to drug" for students of Medico-biological faculty of Russian State Medical University and can be recommended also for other students and post-graduate students of medical and biologic specialization.
The metabolic activity of neutrophils and monocytes as the model for the study of the organism biocompatibility with different materials
Authors: Plekhova N.G. , Somova L.M. , Puzdaev V.I. , Drobot E.I.
Published: April 2015

In stimulated status neutrophils and monocytes in the foci of introduction the different materials are capable to excrete of biologically active substances by means of which if influence on processes of reparation. The express changes of blood leukocytes activity in response on the introduction of stimulated agents are assume as a basis of the proposed model of the organism biocompatibility with different materials. On example of the influence of different materials (ceramics, titanium, latex, surgical steel and copper), from which can be made implant and surgical instruments it was showed that the leukocytes were showed the different reaction of enzyme systems. This model allows the completely and objectively to study the influence of different materials on the neutrophyls and monocytes - the effected cells of the inflammatory process. Moreover, the activity of cation proteins and plasma membrane enzymes of leukocytes is the most expressed factor.
Exometabolites of some anaerobic microorganisms of human microflora
Authors: Beloborodova N.V. , Bairamov I.T. , Olenin A.Yu. , Fedotcheva N.I.
Published: April 2015

Some exometabolites produced by basic representatives of human anaerobic microflora were investigated, detected by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In vitro besides lactic acid Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus generate substantial amounts of phenyllactic and p-hydroxyphenyllactic acids. Clostridium produced 2-hydroxybutyric acid and to a lesser extent lactic and phenyllactic acids. In contrast to С. perfringens, C. sporogenes generates substantial amount of phenylpropionic and p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acids and less p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid. С. perfringens produced minor amounts of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid. Bacteroids are potent producers of succinic and fumaric acids; they also contribute to production of significant portion of lactic acid. E. lentum generate lactic, phenyllactic and succinic acids and form a characteristic only for ones (from studied microorganisms) 2-hydroxyhexanic and 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acids.
Synthesis and hypoglycemic activity of bis(L-malato)oxovanadium(IV)
Authors: Gorodetskii V.K. , Tochilkin A.I. , Belayeva N.F. , Kovelman I.R. , Korovkin B.F.
Published: April 2015

In order to create new oral vanadyl organic complexes-based drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus biligand vanadyl derivative of L-malic acid (bis(L-malato)oxovanadium(IV) was prepared and its potential as a novel hypoglycemic agent was studied in the streptozotocin-diabetic rats. We show that the oral administration of bis(L-malato)oxovanadium(IV) with drink water significantly reduced glucose concentration in blood and urine, as well as the level of glycated proteins in the streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
Changes of doxorubicin distribution in blood and plasma after its inclusion into nanophospholipd formulation
Authors: Zykova M.G. , Ipatova O.M. , Prozorovskiy V.N. , Medvedeva N.V. , Voskresenskaya A.A. , Zakharova T.S. , Torkhovskaya T.I.
Published: April 2015

The drug composition based on the plant phospholipids and the antitumor drug doxorubicin (particle size <30 nm) was obtained using original technology elaborated in the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (Russian Academy of Medical Sciences). In in vitro experiments demonstrated decreased drug association with blood cells for this nanophospholipid form as compared with free doxorubicin. This was accompanied by a with corresponding increase in its plasma level ans also by drug redistribution from plasma protein fraction to high density lipoproteins. Significance of these changes for doxorubicin biodistributon and antitumor activity is discussed.
The comparative study of the medical action of lyuteolin, rosmarinic acid and echinochrom A at experimental stress-induced cardiopathology
Authors: Tsybulsky A.V. , Popov A.M. , Artyukov A.A. , Kostetsky E.Y. , Krivoshapko O.N. , Maseyka A.N. , Kozlovskaya E.P.
Published: April 2015

The method of the physical load in condition of the coronary circulation of the blood disturbance, caused mesaton injection, induced development rat cardiopathology, bring about of the heart function decompensation and 40% death of experimenthal animals. Under electronic-microscopic study of rat cardiomyocytes are discovered signs to disorganizations of mitochondrial apparatus of these cells. Administration to therapeutic mode of luteolin and echinochrome A preparations has provided to 100% animal probability of survival. At the same time, mitochondrial apparatus of cardiomyocytes was characterized by the normal parameter i.e. given preparations have provided of defensive adative effect at cardiomyocytes level. Similar activities for rosmarinic acid have not shown. Study some metabolic parameter and endocrine status animal has also allowed revealing of therapeutic effect of luteolin and echinochrome A.Findings be evidence of that echinochrome А and luteolin capable to play the important positive role in metabolism of cardiomyocytes by stimulating of mitochondrial biogenesis and by changing of adaptative mechanisms of the organism cardiovascular system protection.
Renin-angiotensin system gene expression in the kidney and in the heart in hypertensive ISIAH rats
Authors: Fedoseeva L.A. , Ryazanova M.A. , Antonov E.V. , Dymshiz G.M. , Markel A.L.
Published: April 2015

The content of mRNA of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) genes in the kidney and heart of hypertensive ISIAH and normotensive WAG rats was measured by the real-time PCR. Statistically significant decrease of RAS gene mRNA was registered in the kidney of ISIAH rats, including Ren (by 45%), Аce (43%), АТ1А (34%), СОХ-2 (50%). In the myocardium АТ1А mRNA expression decreased by 28% while Ace mRNA expression increased by 80%. These results demonstrate the reduction of renal RAS basal activity in the hypertensive ISIAH rats, and this allows us to consider the ISIAH rat, as a low-renin hypertensive strain.In support of this viewpoint, in the ISIAH rats, a two-fold increase in the connective tissue sodium concentration as well as statistically significant plasma sodium increase (from 136±0,25 μmol/l in WAG to 139±0,3 μmol/l in the ISIAH rats) were found. Our conclusion backed by a tendency of the ISIAH plasma aldosterone level decrease giving in sum a classical picture of a low-renin hypertensive state in the ISIAH rats.It was suggested that the formation of low-renin arterial hypertension in the ISIAH rats may depend on changes in kidney ion channels function. In addition, renal NO system alterations could be also involved in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension in the ISIAH rats.