bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Players Involvement in Games and Societal Progressive Growth at High Level
Authors: Zulfiqar Ali  , Dr. Farooq Hussain  , Shagufta Javed Khan
Published: December 2020

The point of this study to investigate the impact of sports support on social improvement at an optional level in the region Muzaffarabad. The goals of the investigation were to discover the effect of sports interest on social improvement of the understudies (enrolled students) at the auxiliary level in District Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu and Kashmir and to look at the social improvement of male and female understudies partaking in sports. The population of the study was all competitors while 444 of them were taken as a sample. The test of the examination comprised of 444 competitor understudies from chosen public area auxiliary schools of region Muzaffarabad through purposive inspecting. A self-created poll comprised of 35 shut finished inquiries was utilized as information Honesty estimated on a five-point Likert scale. The study was delimited to auxiliary schools of Muzaffarabad. The outcome demonstrated that there is no contrast between the social advancement of male and female competitor understudies at auxiliary school level in area Muzaffarabad. Noteworthy effect of sports support was found on social advancement in athletes' i.e. Self-conduct, friendship, social-conduct, building certainty and honesty at auxiliary level in region Muzaffarabad
Metacognitive Awareness, Procrastination and its Impact on Students’ Academic Performance
Authors: Ghazal Khalid Siddiqui  , Saira Taj  , Farah Maqsood
Published: December 2020

Metacognitive awareness is awareness about perception which further involves declaration, procedure as well as condition aspects, whereas, procrastination involves the action of delaying or postponing something. Both metacognition and procrastination are interrelated and can affect academic performance. Academic performance is an indicator of students' learning at any educational level but several factors can have an impact on it. This investigation was mainly conducted to determine the impact of metacognitive awareness and procrastination on the academic performance of learners in universities. The nature of this study was quantitative and a survey approach was adopted for this study. The sample of the study was comprised of twelve hundred graduates and postgraduates from universities by utilizing cluster sampled methods. To find the awareness of students’ metacognition the MAI (Schraw & Denison, 1994) was applied because of its appropriateness as well as for finding the procrastination behavior of students the Aitken Procrastination Inventory (Aitken, 1982) was applied in this investigation. Academic performance was determined through students’ previous GPA (grade point average). The findings of this investigation revealed that metacognition and procrastination significantly affect the academic performance of university students.
Developing Secondary School Teachers’ Positive Attitude towards Reflective Teaching: A Collaborative Action Research Study
Authors: Faran Ahmed  , Yaar Muhammad  , Faisal Anis
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this collaborative action research study was to develop reflective teaching practice through focus group discussions as a form of reflection conversations with nine chosen secondary school teachers in a private school. For data collection, two self-constructed open-ended questionnaires were used in this study: one before the focus group discussions and the second after the focus group discussions. Focus group discussions were held with teachers teaching English language, Urdu language, Science, Social Studies, Pakistan Studies. Focus group discussions were audiotaped and then transcribed for coding and thematic analysis. Based on that analysis, certain inferences were finalized. Professional development experience was found to be useful as participants accepted this new concept of reflective teaching with alacrity both for their development and the development of their students as well. Most of the participants described reflective teaching as beneficial to analytical skills as due this they could analyze performance and determine to be better in the future. In addition, they were of the view that it could also help develop the analytical skills of students. It is hoped that the participants’ detailed descriptions in this study will guide the selected school towards enhancing the performance of teachers in the form of better learning goals and students’ grooming so that they could be well prepared for a higher level of education and then professional education in the long run.
An Evaluative Study of Practice of Stimulus Variation Skill of Secondary School Teachers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Salman Khan  , Wazim Khan  , Muhammad Ayaz
Published: December 2020

This study is to evaluate the practice of stimulus variation skill (SVS) of Secondary School Teachers (SSTs) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). The objective of the study was to examine the practice of SVS of SSTs in the teaching-learning process. Data was collected through observation for which rubric was developed. The population consists of 5537 male SSTs of KP. 160 SSTs were taken as a sample of the study from four districts i.e. Peshawar, Mardan, Charsadda, and Nowshera. A convenient sampling technique was applied to the study. The study was qualitative and descriptively analysed. The data were analysed descriptively by applying percentages. Results revealed that SVS plays a significant role in the attainment of the students' attention, however, most of the respondents could not appropriately, effectively, and properly practiced the SVS to attain and retain the students' attention to learning. The study recommended that in-service teachers training should be arranged by PITE, RITE, and other concerned organizations to improve the practice of SVS of teachers. This study was significant for the stakeholders in the department of education including policymakers, curriculum planners of teacher education, teachers, and students.
Neurolinguistic Programming and English Language Teaching: An Exploration of Linguistic Variants in NLP for its Connection to ELT
Authors: Faiza Zeb  , Ansa Hameed
Published: December 2020

The human brain, which can be programmed through a multiplicity of practices, is the foundation of NLP. Language teachers can effectively program their students for improved language output if made aware of the Neuro-functioning of the brain. This new-fangled aspect of language teaching is, hitherto, an uncharted area in the Pakistani teaching context. The current study seeks to look into the existing estate of English language pedagogy in Pakistani scenario with the assistance of the NLP Milton Model, based on the employment of the language patterns by famous hypnotist-Milton Erickson. The focal point of this model is- presupposition, mind read, lost performative, unspecified verb, comparative deletion, cause and effect, universal quantifier, complex equivalence, modal operator, nominalization, and unspecified referential index. It has implications, to a great extent, in ELT to generate preferred results. For this study, the sample population is chosen through purposive sampling technique and encompasses language skills’ classes; whereas, the five English Language institutions were preferred through random sampling method. This study, accordingly, underpins the exploitation of NLP as a toolkit for effectual language pedagogy. Besides, it also advocates copious ways for meaningful, motivational, and momentous communication between language teachers and learners.
Discussion of the problem of US participation in the First World War at the meetings of the 65th American Congress
Authors: Soykin A. A.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of discussing the participation of the United States in the First World War at the meetings of the 65th Congress. The importance of the topic lies in the fact that the materials of the sessions of the Congress, being important historical sources, make it possible, by interpolation, to introduce into scientific circulation new data on the entry and participation of the United States in the war, as well as to determine the attitude of American congressmen to this issue. The research is based on the materials of the American Congress, containing resolutions, draft laws and laws, verbatim records. The main ones are: Resolution on the Declaration of War on the German Empire by the United States; "A law allowing the issuance of bonds to cover the cost of national security and defense, as well as the provision of assistance to foreign governments in the conduct of war through the provision of loans"; discussion and amendment of the "Law on the Allocation of Appropriations for the Naval Service for the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1917", etc. The author paid special attention to the analysis of the message of the American President to the US Congress dated April 2, 1917. The materials of the meetings of the 65th Congress are located on the official website of the US Library of Congress and contain information about the entry and participation of the United States in the First World War.
The French model of migrants’ integration in all Europe social care development at the 2nd half of the XXth century – beginning of the XXIst century
Authors: Yakubova L. A.
Published: December 2020

The article aims to study the features of French model migrants integration in the context of all Europe social space. The chronological framework is over 1950s the first twenty years of the XXI century. The article is quite relevant in connection with the serious migration crisis in the European Union that began in 20142015. The flow of migrants, their integration and social adaptation into the European society caused a strong public outcry, exacerbated the discussion about the consequences of large and illegal migrations. The leading European countries for a long time created and improved their integration models, which served for their social adaptation and assimilation. This article focuses on French model. The main results are as follows: French model migrants integration has been built due to the main social, political, cultural and historical features. They are supposed to include the principles underlying the French policy of migrant integration, dating back to the period and ideas of the French Revolution; the interpretation migrant adopted in French law and influencing the particularities of French model; quantification of direct immigrant descendants; prohibition of ethnic statistics. The concept of ethnic minority is absent in French society; in accordance with the Constitution, France is a single and indivisible community of citizens, that singles out French models name - the republican one. This model assumed the assimilation of migrants by the host society.
Organization of river transport operations on small rivers of the Tyumen region in the first half of the 1960s
Authors: Knizhnikov V. A.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problems of organizing the work of river transport on small rivers of the Tyumen region in 19601964. One of the most important sources of information was the reporting documents on the work of transport. The first steps aimed at improving the transport supply on small rivers at the beginning of the oil and gas development of Western Siberia are analyzed. It characterizes the composition of cargo, the redistribution of the fleet in the process of work, interdepartmental disputes and ways to resolve them, provides statistics on traffic volumes, as well as other specific aspects of work on small rivers. Among the constantly arising problems is the lack of staff and turnover, which had to be solved when planning navigation. Attention is drawn to the fact that, despite the low level of mechanization of the river economy, there was a well-functioning connection between the river departments and design bureaus of the Ministry of the river fleet. It is noted that the initial period of the development of river highways took place through a qualitative and quantitative increase in labor productivity. The importance of intensive preparation of river routes in 19601964 is noted. It is indicated that during the period under review, a qualitative step forward was made, which subsequently made it possible to gain a rapid pace of development of Western Siberia.
Discussions about the state sovereignty of Russia at the First Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR
Authors: Malkhozova F. V.
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Russia. The main result of the first Congress of People's Deputies was the assertion of Russian sovereignty, ensuring economic independence. The issue of sovereignty is one of the most acute and painful topics of the Soviet and post-Soviet times. In the RSFSR, the question of the realization of its sovereignty became aggravated by the end of perestroika, when it became clear that, in comparison with other republics, Russia did not even have limited statehood. Most republics of the Soviet Union had their own communist parties and their nomenclatures, which were quite autonomous in exercising power and their interests. The RSFSR did not have this. With a policy of publicity and open elections, the concept of sovereignty came to the fore in election campaigns and became central to the work of the first congress of people's deputies of the RSFSR.
The place expert’s opinions in Soviet technological project of first half 1960th: the case Astrakhan and Selenga paper and cardboard mills
Authors: Mostovenko M. S.
Published: December 2020

In the article discussed history of building Astrakhan and Selenga paper and cardboard mills. The author on base archival materials is analyzing the impact of expert commentary on the building paper and cardboard mills. The main purpose of the article is to show, on the example of the construction of the CCC, the process of relations between scientific expert groups and government representatives on the issue of environmental safety in the design and location of the country's production facilities. In addition, the author emphasizes that for the Soviet leadership, issues of the environmental component of enterprises often became secondary, departing from economic necessity. At the same time, the scientific community itself did not in some cases have a single position on a particular issue, since a conflict arose between representatives of departmental and scientific academic structures, which was most pronounced during the construction of the Selenginsky pulp and cardboard plant. In the case of the Astrakhan pulp and cardboard plant project, it is shown that underestimating the capabilities of the resource base of production can lead to environmental problems. Author marked that despite of scientific and technological inspection, scientific opinions was ignored by government leaders in cases large technological objects.
Production of ammunition to the plant “Krasnoye Sormovo” in 1941–1944
Authors: Pustyrev P. V.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the production of ammunition at the Krasnoye Sormovo plant during the Second World War. Based on the study of general scientific and specialized archival materials, systematization and generalization of the data obtained, an analysis of the activities of the labor collective and management structures of the Krasnoye Sormovo plant for the production of ammunition is carried out. The dynamics of the growth in the production of shells and the development of new types of ammunition in the period 19411944 is determined, the process of creating mass production of shells in the workshops of the plant, strengthening cooperation with other defense enterprises and organizing railway communication between them is shown. The methods of modernization and improvement of equipment and technology for the production of ammunition, methods of increasing the production and personnel potential of the plant, as well as the heroic work of the factory workers in wartime conditions are examined in detail. During the war period, the share of the production of ammunition in the total volume was about 17%, which objectively testifies to the contribution of the production of artillery and rockets at the Krasnoye Sormovo plant to a radical turning point during the Second World War.
Some aspects of life of prosphora bakers from the clergy of the Tobolsk diocese in the 19th and early XX century
Authors: Spichak A. V.
Published: December 2020

The study addresses some aspects of the life experience of female prosphora bakers from the clergy in the Tobolsk diocese, Russian Empire, in the 19th and early 20th century. The research objectives were to investigate opportunities and difficulties that women faced trying to get the job of a prosphora baker, and to find out reasons why women would seek this position. The sources of information for the research were previously unexamined archival documents preserved in the State Archives in Tobolsk. General scientific, historical and special methods of records management were also used. The main problem for jobseekers was the fact that one parish most often required only one prosphora maker, and there were usually more people willing to take this position. It was up to the diocesan authorities to decide which candidate needed the job more, but the parishioners could also take part in the hiring process by submitting their letter of consent. In the modern period of Russian Orthodox Churchs resurgence, it is especially important to study how the clergy would manage their daily living needs in dioceses. The positive experience of the past can help improve the system of social relief in our time. The results of the research can be useful to archivists in their professional activities and to educators in developing courses on the history of Russia and records management.
Organization of social assistance to children in the years Great Patriotic War on the territory of the Saratov region (dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory…)
Authors: Sushko M. Y.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the study of social and historical aspects of the organization of policy for the protection and assistance of children in the period 19411945. The main focus is on the regional aspect. In the article, to achieve the goal of the study, namely, to assess the effectiveness and identify shortcomings in the organization of the work of local party authorities on the organization and placement of children, archival documents of the war years were used. Archival documents allowed us to recreate the historical picture of work in the rear, on the organization and placement of orphanages, providing material assistance to homeless and low-income families with children, the order of organizing and supplying children with food and industrial goods. The figures and data given in the article are of practical significance. They provide an opportunity to conduct a comparative analysis of the provision and organization of work of local authorities in other regions of the Volga region and the Soviet Union as a whole during the study period. In the year of the anniversary celebration of the victory In the great Patriotic war, there is an urgent need to expand and attract new documents from regional archives, for a more complete objective reconstruction of the heroic pages of our country's past, to assess the effectiveness of social work and the significance of specific social policy measures aimed at protecting children.
War and mercy: professional activity of N.I. Pirogov in days of Crimean (1853–1856) and the Russian-Turkish (1877–1878) Wars
Authors: Shulyak E. V.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this publication is the research of separate aspects of the history of the Crimean War (18531856) and Russian-Turkish War (18771878) and, in particular, the activities of the famous doctor N.I.Pirogov (18101881) concerning his care for the wounded and sick Russian soldiers during the heroic defense of Sevastopol and during the course of his treatment of the Grand Duke Nikolay Nikolaevich Romanov (Sr.) in the years of the Russian-Turkish War (18771878). The author used retrospective, narrative and biographic methods. The subject of this publication is very relevant because the history of the military conflicts of the second half of the 19th century have not received detailed development in domestic historical science today. Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov trained many famous doctors for medical work, one of whom was Alexander Leontyevich Obermiller. The famous scientist-surgeon N.I. Pirogov and his pupil, A.L.Obermiller, the graduate of the Imperial medical-surgical academy, worked together at first in a military and overland hospital, and then were participants in the heroic defense of Sevastopol, helping wounded and sick soldiers in the years of the Crimean War (18531856). They combined medical treatment with organizational work directed to improve the system of medical care during wartime, promoting the innovative methods offered by N.I.Pirogov. Sources of personal origin (N.I. Pirogov's published letters: The Sevastopol letters and memoirs, letters to A.L.Obermiller), the central periodicals including weekly illustrations in the Vsemirnaya Illyustration magazine, publications of the N.I.Pirogov, and also publications of the doctors and scientists D.A.Balalykin, M.N.Kozovenko and S.I.Trikhina and other authors formed the basis of this research. Use of the epistolary heritage of Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov as the most important source of this research allowed this writer to look at events of the Crimean War and Russian-Turkish War from a position of their contemporaries.The publication is of interest to historians and also to doctors and students of medical educational institutions.
Hubungan Hospitalisasi dengan Tingkat Stres pada Anak Usia Sekolah di Unit Rawat Inap RSUD Koja Jakarta Utara
Authors: Sitorus Maryati , Utami Tuti Asrianti , Prabawati Fransiska Dewi
Published: December 2020

Stres hospitalisasi adalah reaksi yang dihadapi anak dengan lingkungan asing selama proses perawatan di Rumah Sakit. Anak yang dirawat di rumah sakit mengalami krisis perubahan status kesehatan dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui adanya hubungan hospitalisasi dengan tingkat stres pada anak usia sekolah di ruang rawat inap. Penelitian dilakukan pada Januari-Februari 2020 di Rumah Sakit Koja Jakarta Utara dengan 78 responden. Metode penelitian deskriftif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner DAAS (Depression Anxety Stress Scales). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa dari 78 responden terdapat anak yang mengalami tingkat stres ringan 13 anak (16,7%), tingkat stres sedang 51 anak (65,4%) dan tingkat stres tinggi 14 anak (17,9%) selama hospitalisasi. Hasil uji statistik menggunakan chi square dan Kendal tau C ditemukan adanya hubungan antara jenis kelamin (p-value 0,025) dan lama dirawat (p-value 0,013) dengan tingkat stres anak selama hospitalisasi. Tidak adanya hubungan antara pengalaman dirawat dengan tingkat stres selama hospitalisasi (p-value 0,562). Sebagai kesimpulan bahwa tingkat stres pada anak selama hospitalisasi dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin dan lama dirawat. Catatan PenerbitPoltekkes Kemenkes Kendari menyatakan tetap netral sehubungan dengan klaim dari perspektif atau buah pikiran yang diterbitkan dan dari afiliasi institusional manapun. PendanaanPeneliti tidak menerima bantuan dana dari lembaga/institusi. Konflik KepentinganPenulis menyatakan bebas dari konflik kepentingan. Berbagi DataData hasil kajian ini disimpan pada repositori Zenodo http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4048731 Kontribusi Penulis Maryati Sitorus Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Writing-original draft Tuti Asrianti Utami Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing-original draft, Writing-review editing Fransiska Dewi Prabawati Formal Analysis, Methodology, Validation
Studi Pengaruh Pemberian Tumis Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Produksi Asi dan Peningkatan Berat Badan Bayi
Authors: Putri Rizki Novi Arnely , Kurniati Dewi , Novelia Shinta
Published: December 2020

Pemberian ASI yang tidak optimal menyebabkan terhambatnya tumbuh kembang bayi dan salah satu faktor yang memicu terjadinya stres pada ibu menyusui. Salah satu solusi untuk menangani hal tersebut yaitu dengan mengonsumsi daun papaya yang mengandung laktagogum sehingga bermanfaat untuk membantu kelancaran pengeluaran ASI. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tumis daun pepaya terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu menyusui. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu quasi-eksperiment dua kelompok (sebelum dan setelah perlakuan). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Klinik Permata Hati melibatkan tigapuluh ibu menyusui yang dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu uji normalitas (Saphiro-wilk), analisis deskriptif nonparametric (Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test) dan uji distribusi frekuensi terhadap data yang diperoleh. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,000) terhadap perlakuan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan tumis daun papaya terhadap produksi ASI yang dihasilkan oleh ibu menyusui, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian tumis daun pepaya dapat meningkatkan produksi ASI pada ibu menyusui. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar usulan agar para bidan dapat memberikan edukasi bagi ibu menyusui mengenai manfaat tumis daun pepaya dan cara pengolahannya untuk meningkatkan kelancaran produksi ASI. Catatan PenerbitPoltekkes Kemenkes Kendari menyatakan tetap netral sehubungan dengan klaim dari perspektif atau buah pikiran yang diterbitkan dan dari afiliasi institusional manapun. PendanaanPeneliti tidak menerima bantuan dana dari lembaga/institusi. Berbagi DataData hasil kajian ini disimpan pada repository Zenodo http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4049430. Kontribusi Penulis Para penulis tidak mendeklarasikan kontribusinya.
Efektifitas Terapi Musik Religi terhadap Nyeri pada Pasien Fraktur
Authors: Muhsinah Sitti
Published: December 2020

Keluhan utama pasien fraktur adalah nyeri. Terapi musik religi merupakan intervensi pelengkap non-farmakologi untuk mengurangi nyeri. Musik melalui pendekatan spiritual mengubah pengalaman yang tidak menyenangkan menjadi pengalaman bermakna. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh terapi musik religi terhadap nyeri pada pasien fraktur di Kota Kendari. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen kuasi dengan pre and post-test control group, menggunakan consecutive sampling. Responden sebanyak 32 orang dan masing-masing 16 responden sebagai kelompok kontrol dan intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penurunan skala nyeri pada kelompok intervensi. Terapi musik religi sebagai salah satu intervensi alternatif non-farmakologi untuk mengurangi nyeri pada pasien fraktur. Catatan Penerbit Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari menyatakan tetap netral sehubungan dengan klaim dari perspektif atau buah pikiran yang diterbitkan dan dari afiliasi institusional manapun. Pendanaan DIPA Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari Tahun 2018 No DL.11.02/1/1097/2008. Konflik Kepentingan Para penulis menyatakan tidak ada konflik kepentingan. Kontribusi Penulis Sitti Muhsinah Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Writing-original draft, Writing-review & editing Novriadi S Ramba Investigation
Relações entre educação matemática e educação do campo: análise de publicações recentes
Authors: Ferreira Monteiro Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2020

A Educação do Campo é uma conquista importante para os povos do Campo terem uma educação que considerasse as especificidades socioculturais de suas comunidades e que fosse construída com seu protagonismo. A implementação dos princípios da Educação do Campo ainda se constitui num grande desafio, apesar de muitos avanços, como a criação de cursos de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo em universidades públicas brasileiras. A Educação Matemática tem estabelecido relações importantes com a Educação do Campo. Todavia, muitos são ainda os desafios para o desenvolvimento de perspectivas teóricas, pedagógicas e metodológicas fundamentadas em pesquisas que tentem articular as duas áreas. Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura na Base de Dados Periódicos Capes, no período de 2016 a 2020. As análises dessas publicações constituíram-se num importante recurso metodológico para obter uma visão ampliada dos processos de discussão sobre essas temáticas na atualidade. Os resultados da revisão indicam um número expressivo de artigos em revistas nacionais indexadas nessas duas áreas educacionais específicas. As análises ainda sugerem que os autores trazem contribuições mais consistentes para as discussões teóricas, metodológicas e implicações educacionais, pois enfocam mais especificamente as práticas pedagógicas que envolvem diferentes agentes que ensinam e aprendem Matemática nos contextos da Educação do Campo.
A diversidade de abordagens nas pesquisas em educação matemática
Authors: Sá Pedro Franco de , Souza Mafra José Ricardo e
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo traz de forma sintética um percurso introdutório sobre discussões voltadas para a compreensão de abordagens de pesquisa desenvolvidas em educação matemática. A partir de uma breve explanação de aspectos relacionados ao desenvolvimento dos percursos das tendências ou abordagens em educação matemática, apresenta-se um panorama relacionado com a multiplicidade e diversidades de procedimentos de pesquisa, ações e delineamentos instrumentais e metodológicos, configurados nas últimas décadas, de uma forma progressiva. Este panorama, de certa forma, projeta uma amplitude de possibilidades de pesquisas, apresentando alguns exemplos de configurações, instrumentos, procedimentos ou denominações de investigações. Concluímos, apresentando uma discussão envolvendo o futuro da pesquisa em educação matemática, projetando epistemologias de abordagens possíveis e uma discussão sobre alguns cuidados e precauções que os investigadores em educação matemática necessitam ter quando do delineamento e organização das suas pesquisas.
El aprendizaje visto como saber y devenir: una mirada desde la teoría de la objetivación
Authors: Radford Luis
Published: December 2020

En este artículo presento una concepción histórico-cultural del saber y del aprendizaje. Empiezo argumentando que los conceptos de saber y aprendizaje que escoge una teoría educativa en general están lejos de ser inocentes o antojadizos. Arguyo que dichos conceptos se encuentran anclados, implícita o explícitamente, en un proyecto social en el cual se apoya la teoría. Esta idea es ilustrada a través de un corto análisis del constructivismo. El resto del artículo gira alrededor del proyecto social en el que toma apoyo la teoría de la objetivación. De ese proyecto deriva la necesidad de conceptualizar el saber no como entidad psicológica subjetiva, sino como entidad cultural e histórica. También, de ese proyecto deriva la necesidad de imaginar el aprendizaje como proceso que, yendo más allá del saber, se adentra en la esfera del ser y su devenir.
Ensino e aprendizagem de escalas representadas em gráficos: alunos do ensino regular e EJA dos anos iniciais
Authors: Guimarães Gilda , Cavalcanti Milka , Evangelista Betânia
Published: December 2020

A compreensão de informações apresentadas em gráficos é fundamental para uma análise crítica da realidade. Para tal, compreender o conceito de escala é um fator determinante. Nosso objetivo, nesse artigo, é refletir sobre a compreensão de alunos (crianças e adultos) dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental sobre as escalas apresentadas em gráficos de barras e linhas. Para tal, descrevemos estudos realizados pelo Grupo de Estudo em Estatística no Ensino Fundamental - GREF os quais evidenciam que a experiência de vida não é suficiente para a compreensão de escalas apresentadas em gráficos, sendo necessário um ensino sistematizado, que deve ser desenvolvido pela escola. Assim, apresentamos análises de atividades sobre escala em livros didáticos, o que esses estudantes das diferentes modalidades demonstram saber e são capazes de aprender, a partir do que professores podem organizar em seus planejamentos, em função de uma complexificação sobre a compreensão de escala durante os anos iniciais.
Raciocínio multiplicativo discutido a partir da resolução e formulacão de problemas
Authors: Pinto Magina Sandra Maria , Spinillo Alina Galvão , Labres Lautert Sintria
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo ilustra as contribuições que a Psicologia tem trazido para o campo da Educação Matemática. Para isso, dados de pesquisas e discussões teóricas acerca da resolução e formulação de problemas são apresentados. Inicialmente discute-se o que vem a ser um problema, de modo geral e um problema de matemática, de maneira específica. Em seguida, dois estudos são apresentados, voltados para problemas de estrutura multiplicativa. O primeiro versa sobre a formulação de problema por parte de professores do Ensino Fundamental, e o segundo sobre a resolução de problemas por parte de estudantes do Ensino Fundamental. Com base nos dados obtidos em ambos os estudos, são discutidas implicações educacionais, enfatizando-se a necessidade de os professores ampliarem seus conhecimentos sobre problemas de estrutura multiplicativa e de proporem em sala de aula uma maior variedade de situações com o objetivo de auxiliar os estudantes a superar as dificuldades na resolução de problemas deste tipo.
Concepção de forma/ação de professores e possibilidades investigativas
Authors: Viggiani Bicudo Maria Aparecida
Published: December 2020

Neste artigo, é exposta uma compreensão sobre a prevalência da pesquisa qualitativa, nas investigações realizadas e trazidas ao público, na área de Educação/Ensino de Matemática e de Ciências da Natureza. É enfatizado que essas áreas trabalham com duas lógicas de ciências: uma, daquela que é ensinada e outra concernente à lógica das Ciências Humanas, uma vez que todo professor trabalha também com a formação da pessoa, no caso, de seu aluno. Toma pesquisas sobre a forma/ação de professores dessas disciplinas como embasamento da argumentação articulada. Esta se desdobra para o entendimento da concepção forma/ação de professores e modos de a autora e seu grupo de pesquisa conduzir suas buscas sobre esse tema.
Tiffany A. Ziegler, Medieval Healthcare and the Rise of Charitable Institutions. The History of the Municipal Hospital. The New Middle Ages. [New York:] Palgrave, 2018, vi, 155 S.
Authors: Dinzelbacher Peter
Published: December 2020

Diese Publikation, beruhend auf einer 2010 von der staatlichen Universität in Columbia (Missouri) approbierten Dissertation, enthält zwei eigentlich unabhängige Teile: Einmal einen Überblick über die Entwicklung des Spitalswesens in Antike und Mittelalter (S.
1–81), dann eine Geschichte des Johannes-Spitals in Brüssel (S. 85–127). Um einen halbwegs buchähnlichen Umfang zu erreichen, wird jedes Kapitel von einer zusammenfassenden Einleitung und einer eben dasselbe zusammenfassenden Zusammenfassung begleitet. Die eigentliche
Darstellung ist also wesentlich knapper als die Seitenangaben erwarten lassen.
Mechanism of the Protective Effect of Sesamin on Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Chen Hui , Zeng Longhuan , Jiang Guangwei , Liu Qian
Published: December 2020

Sepsis is the syndrome of systemic inflammatory response caused by infection. Over 20 million people worldwide suffer from sepsis each year, of whom about 6 million die, with a case-fatality rate of more than 25%. Therefore, to develop a rational plan for the management of sepsis, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanism of pathogenesis. Sesamin is a kind of sesame lignin isolated from sesame that exhibits multiple biological functions including antiviral, antidyslipidemic, and antihypertensive to name a few. An antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of sesamin appears to be a common denominator in all of its biologic activities. However, the mechanism of sesamin on septic-induced acute pulmonary inflammation still needs further study. Herein, we have established a sepsis model of C57BL/6 mice by cecal ligation and perforation. Using this model, we have shown that sesamin could reduce the levels of several inflammatory factors as well as oxidative stress response. Furthermore, sesamin could repress NLRP3 inflammasome and activate Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and further inhibit acute pulmonary inflammation. This study reveals the mechanism of the diminution of septic-induced acute pulmonary inflammation by sesamin. This opens a theoretical basis for the development of drugs for treatment of sepsis.
Effect of Propolis-Supplemented Diet on Body Composition and Endocrine Function of Adipose Tissue
Authors: Lisbona-González Maria Jesús , Reyes-Botella Candela , Muñoz-Soto Esther , Olmedo-Gaya, Maria Victoria , Moreno-Fernandez Jorge , Diaz-Castro Javier
Published: December 2020

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ and has central role in interaction with other organs or tissues while propolis can induce lipolysis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide detailed information about adipose tissue homeostasis modifications and body composition during propolis supplement consumption. Twenty male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks) were divided into two groups of 10 animals each and fed for 90 days with two different types of diets: standard for the control group (diet C) and standard diet + 2% propolis (diet P). Thyroid hormones did not show differences, while ghrelin and adiponectin decreased in the group that was fed propolis. Insulin, leptin, and non-esterified fatty acids also increased along with reduced body weight and fat, in addition to increased lean mass when propolis was in the diet. We conclude that propolis could decrease ghrelin and adiponectin but increase non-esterified fatty acids and insulin secretion, which improves body composition.
On the first book of medicinal plants written in the American Continent:The LibellusMedicinalibus Indorum Herbisfrom Mexico, 1552. A review
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Reyes-Chilpa Ricardo , Guzmán-Gutiérrez Silvia Laura ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campos-Lara María ,   Hospital Infantil de México, Bejar Ezra ,   Ezra Bejar Art & Consulting, Osuna-Fernández Helia Reyna ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hernández-Pasteur Griselda ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: December 2020

The "Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis" (Little Book of Indian Medicinal Plants) was composed by the indigenous sages Martín De la Cruz and Juan Badiano, 31 years after the Aztec Empire fall. The former was the author, and the latter translated the manuscript from the Nahuatllanguage to Latin. It contains numerous recipes for treating human diseases and 185 colored drawings of the prescribed plants. In 1939 it was first published as "An Aztec Herbarium". However, it also contains XVI century European diseases and medical practices. We present an updated review of this beautiful codex, its history, conception, creators, and botany; as well as, the chemistry and pharmacology of fiveplants therein cited. The Libellusis a window in the time that allows the scientific research of ancient ethnopharmacological knowledge in Mesoamerica and document its persistence, disappearance, or transformation. However, this requires overcoming linguistic defies, but also derived from its historical, anthropological, cultural, botanical, and medical context.
Dicranopteris linearisA potential medicinal plant with anticancer properties
Authors:   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Baharuddin Aifaa Akmal , Roosli Rushduddin Al Jufri ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Zakaria Zainul Amiruddin ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Tohid Siti Farah Md ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia
Published: December 2020

Several investigations have demonstrated Dicranopteris linearis(Burm.f.) Underw. (Gleicheniaceae) plant extracts possess numerous health-promoting properties. This review is aimed to summarize and highlight the potential possess by D. linearisto be developed into future pharmacological entity especially as anticancer agent. This study used several electronic search engines to compile and integrate a number of scientific publications related with D. linearis. Scientifically, D. linearishas been reported to have antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, chemopreventive and antioxidant properties which can be linked to its potential to treat various kinds of ailments including inflammatory-relateddiseases and cancer. A number of scientific evidences related with anticancer studies suggested the ability of D. linearis-based phytochemicals to act as potent anticancer lead compounds. In conclusion, D. linearishas the potential to be developed into potent anticancer agent as depicted by a number of isolated phytochemicals which can work synergistically to contribute to its anticancer properties.
Antiproliferative activity from Aldama arenaria (Baker) E. E. Schill. & Panero
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, de Oliveira Adriana da S. S. , Imamura Paulo M. ,   UNICAMP, Ruiz Ana L. T. G. ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Appezzato-da-Glória Beatriz ,   Universidade de São Paulo, de Oliveira Tuane ,   UNICAMP, Garcia Vera L. ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: December 2020

Chloroform extract (CE) and fractions obtained from Aldama arenaria roots were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against 10 human tumor cell lines [leukemia (K-562), breast (MCF-7), ovary expressing a multidrug-resistant phenotype (NCI/ADR-RES), melanoma (UACC-62), lung (NCI-H460), prostate (PC-3), colon (HT29), ovary (OVCAR-3), glioma (U251), and kidney (786-0)]. CE presented weak to moderate antiproliferative activity (mean log GI50 1.07), whereas fractions 3 and 4, enriched with pimarane-type diterpenes [ent-pimara-8(14),15-dien-19-oic acid and ent-8(14),15-pimaradien-3β-ol], presented moderate to potent activity for most cell lines, with mean log GI50 of 0.62 and 0.59, respectively. The results showed promising in vitro antiproliferative action of the samples obtained from A. arenaria, with the best results for NCI/ADR-RES, HT29, and OVCAR-3, and TGI values ranging from 5.95 to 28.71 µg.mL-1, demonstrating that compounds of this class may be potential prototypes for the discovery of new therapeutic agents.
Multivariate statistical analysis of the essential oils of five Beilschmiediaspecies from Peninsular Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Salleh Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan , Shaharudin Shazlyn Milleana ,   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Published: December 2020

Identification of the chemical compositionof essential oils is very important for ensuring the quality of finished herbal products. The objective of the study was to analyze the chemical components present in the essential oils of five Beilschmiediaspecies (i.e. B. kunstleri, B. maingayi, B. penangiana, B. madang, and B. glabra) by multivariate data analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) methods. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and fully characterized by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 108 chemical components were successfully identified from the essential oils of five Beilschmiediaspecies. The essential oils were characterized by high proportions of β-caryophyllene (B.kunstleri), δ-cadinene (B. penangianaand B. madang), and β-eudesmol (B. maingayiand B. glabra). Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed that chemical similarity was highest for all samples, except for B. madang. The multivariate data analysis may be used for the identification and characterization of essential oils from different Beilschmiediaspecies that are to be used as raw materials of traditional herbal products.
National Projects in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, GAGIEV Nikolay , GONCHARENKO Lyudmila ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, SYBACHIN Sergey ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, SHESTAKOVA Anna ,   Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

In 2021, the Russian Federation will assume the chairmanship of the Arctic Council. This fact confirms the special attention of the country’s leadership to the unique geostrategic region. In December 2020, President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin, at an online meeting with volunteers and finalists of the contest “Volunteer of Russia”, noted that Russia would grow with the Arctic and the territories of the North. Many Russian citizens’ lives and the state’s success in the international arena depend on this territory’s development. One of the most important mechanisms for achieving the stated goals is national projects (NP), which should make a significant contribution to the development of the country’s territory. The purpose of the study is to assess NP in the subjects that are entirely related to the Arctic zone: Murmansk region, Nenets Autonomous okrug (NAO), Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous okrug (YANAO), and Chukotka Autonomous okrug (CHAO). In the course of the work, general scientific research methods were applied: comparative analysis, data comparison, induction, deduction, etc. The study results showed that, despite all the differences in economic and geographical position, financial condition, population, and regional development priorities, all Arctic regions have similar problems that hinder the effective development of territories. Without solving the problems indicated in the work, it is impossible to expect a qualitative «breakthrough» and implement the NP’s goals.
The Northern Sea Route: Problems of National Status Legitimization under International Law. Part II
Authors:   Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences, GUDEV Pavel
Published: December 2020

The second part of the paper shows that the regime of navigation in the Arctic, particularly on the NSR, defended by Russia today, is much more liberal than that which existed in the Soviet years: up to the Gorbachev’s 1987 Murmansk speech the Soviet Arctic was a closed sea region for foreign navigation. Per-missive order of passage established today at the level of Russian national legislation applies only to civil ships, and in the framework of the 1982 Convention, measures to protect the marine environment from pollution from ships cannot be applied to warships, military auxiliary ships, and ships on the state non-commercial service. However, the presence on the Northern Sea routes of water areas with the status of internal historical waters, including several Arctic straits, plus the special legal status of the Arctic, which is not limited exclusively to the 1982 Convention, allows Russia to insist on the applicability of the permit regime also to foreign warships. This approach is based mainly on the two states’ practice with the longest coastline in the Arctic: the USSR and Canada. Navigation along the NSR in today’s ice conditions is not yet possible without passing through the waters of the Russian Arctic Straits, whose waters are classified by the USSR as internal on historical legal grounds. Although under the 1982 Convention, they can be conditionally regarded as international, the lack of permanent transit through them makes it possible not to recognize them as such. However, the Russian Federation’s task to turn the NSR into an international shipping route may lead to a weakening of the current legal position. A similar situation may arise concerning the enforcement of Article 234 “Ice Covered Areas” of the 1982 Convention, which gives the Arctic countries additional rights in the field of navigation control. Lack of ice cover in the Arctic during most of the year can significantly strengthen the position of Russia’s opponents, who insist on a too broad interpretation of this article on our part. Finally, climatic changes may lead to the NSR becoming more latitudinal, and then the Russian Federation will lose any legal grounds to regulate navigation.