bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismic margin assessment of a reinforced concrete skewed bridge in a nuclear power plant
Authors: Lee Tae-Hyung , Nguyen Van-Hoa , Phan Van-Tien , Nguyen Duy-Duan
Published: December 2018

This paper presents the seismic margin assessment of a reinforced concrete (RC) bridge using the high-confidence-of-low-probability-of-failure (HCLPF) value. An existing RC skewed bridge built in a nuclear power plant (NPP) in Korea was selected for studying objective. Finite element modeling of the bridge is developed in OpenSees, an open system for earthquake engineering simulation. The reference earthquakes applied for the probability analysis are selected from the set of generated ground motions that using for designing NPP structures in Korea. The HCLPF value is calculated based on the fragility method associated with the approximate second moment approach. The effect of randomness and uncertainty in demand and capacity variables is taken into account in the fragility analysis procedure. Based on the calculated HCLPF values, the seismic fragility assessment of the bridge can be readily implemented.
Simulation of emergency events with fire in virtual road tunnels
Authors: Danišovič Peter , Šrámek Juraj , Hodoň Michal
Published: December 2018

Road emergency events are very dangerous, especially if they happen in tunnels. If such an event occurs with the presence of fire, self-evacuation is the most important. From experience from catastrophic events in Alpine tunnels, people can only have a few minutes to rescue. It was also reason that a lot of changes in technology and safety tunnel equipment have been legislatively adopted. Then if we want to help rescue people, we need experienced tunnel operators, who know the principles of tunnel ventilation control with fire and smoke. This paper is about simulation of emergency events in virtual tunnel of Tunnel Traffic & Operation Simulator (Simulator) and about simulations of smoke stratification on the basis of Computer Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models.
Assessment of means of mechanization of construction risks using catastrophe theory
Authors: Zorin Vladimir , Baurova Natali
Published: December 2018

In article questions of assessment of the risks arising in the course of design, production and operation of means of mechanization of construction using catastrophe theory are considered. In the course of operation of the machine malfunctions, suddenly defiant refusals of details gradually collect. The device of the theory of accidents allows to develop models of change of technical condition and operational properties of a details material for various service conditions. In the field of space of conditions of the system containing critical signs accident emergence conditions (refusal of a detail and an emergency) are created. Assessment of probability of emergence of refusal during a certain period of operation of the machine taking into account weight of consequences allows to establish risk level.
On traction performance improvement for wheeled earth-moving machines
Authors: Zhulay Vladimir , Tyunin Vitaliy , Bobrov Denis
Published: December 2018

The article reviews the design of wheeled automotive equipment, consisting of doubled driving wheels of different diameters. It presents results obtained in experimental studies of this design, as well as conclusions based on the performed studies.
Three-dimensional information modeling in the preservation of objects of cultural heritage
Authors: Tsitman Tatiana , Proshunina Kseniia
Published: December 2018

Currently, the project process is actively introducing a new approach to BIМ technologies, implying comprehensive design. The advantage of BIM technologies allows monitoring the object at all steps of the design process. To conduct and compile cartograms of defects in complex scientific research it is necessary to use modern BIM technologies. The construction of a three-dimensional model helps to track defects and deformities in the process and makes it possible to carry out repair and restoration measures with greater efficiency. Restoration activities with BIM design involves the sequential implementation of activities that include: comprehensive scientific research, field surveys, engineering and geological research, and much more.

Full automation of information about the object under study will make it easier to work on the restoration of the monument and will provide an opportunity for making accurate and competent decisions. To do this, it is necessary to structure the information, highlighting the most reliable data for the periods of exploitation, materials, design features of the cultural heritage site.
Comparative Performance of Tetraphosphonate and Diphosphonate as Reverse Osmosis Scale Inhibitors
Authors: Andrianov Alexey , Danilycheva Maria , Liakaki-Stavropoulou Stefania , Demadis Konstantinos D. , Efremov Roman
Published: December 2018

Reverse osmosis (RO) technologies are widely used throughout the world for drinking, industrial and waste water treatment purposes. Proper and economically attractive operation of RO installations should be provided by the correct maintenance of all technical process parameters. One of the significant operational problems is precipitation and deposition of sparingly-soluble salts on the membrane surface, which can be prevented by dosing special chemical additives into the feed solution. The aim of the present work is to reveal the structure/function relationship of phosphonate scale inhibitors, which possess systematic structural similarities and differences. Specifically, two classes of tetraphosphonate (5 additives) and diphosphonate (6 additives) have been tested as calcium carbonate scale inhibitors on the lab membrane unit. It was found that among the family of tetraphosphonates and diphosphonates the inhibitor efficiency increases with elongation –(CH2)– chain, but the longest additives have a sharp drop in inhibition efficiency.
Energy efficiency and ecological quality of buildings by process control of heat supply systems
Authors: Benuzh Andrey , Fedorov Sergey , Orenburova Ekaterina
Published: December 2018

The article presents special characteristics of mathematical modeling of the process control a resource efficient heat supply system of industrial buildings and facilities, where constant temperature maintenance is especially critical for the process. A functional diagram of the operation of the continuous heat supply process is provided. The dependence of temperature at the point of heat-transfer fluid mixing on environmental is analyzed and control system operation algorithm is proposed.
Pipeline stress analysis and load-bearing capacity analysis in the context of trenchless renovation of sewer networks
Authors: Hurgin Roman , Bychkov Nikita
Published: December 2018

Different methods and algorithms are used when conducting research on pipeline hydraulics and their strength calculation. However, processing of the received output is time-consuming and does not allow for expeditious decision on the necessary solution, which in turn leads to the change of the input parameters. The solution to this situation for the designer is to use an automated computer program. The benefits of this approach are the considerable decrease in length of time spent on analysis and ability to see alternatives, for example, change in diameter of the pipe, pipe wall thickness, material for filling the intertubular space and other parameters. In the following article we provide a description of the automated computer program used for scientific research.
The practice of building an information system for managing the operation of an industrial facility
Authors: Chelyshkov Pavel , Aralkin Kirill
Published: December 2018

This work is of interest to engineers engaged in the information modeling, management and operation of the building.

The subject of the study is the software product EcoDomus, where a study was conducted on the implementation and management of industrial buildings.

The purpose of the work is to consider the information management system using information modeling technologies, the advantages and disadvantages of software for managing building information systems, problems and opportunities for implementation.

We used methods for analyzing the literature and technical documentation, analyzing the use of the information modeling method, analyzing the monitored parameters of the software, project structuring method, analyzing graphical models.

Studies have been conducted on the implementation and management of an industrial facility. Conclusions have been made about the relevance of the use of these technologies for the management of the facility, the shortcomings of these technologies, as well as solutions for implementation.
Energy efficiency of housing as a tool for sustainable development
Authors: Stoikov Vasiliy , Gassiy Violetta
Published: December 2018

The paper aims to determine the role of energy efficiency of buildings to achieve sustainable development goals. The study objects are the mechanisms, tools and principles of state regulation of energy efficiency, construction of buildings and houses, the green economy development. The materials and methods of the study are data information on energy efficiency principles in the EU and Russia, government programs in the im-plementation of mechanisms and approaches for the green economy development, as well as methods of comparative and system analysis. The authors conclude on the need for further development of the principles of energy efficiency and resource conservation, the importance of sustainable development in order to ensure a high standard of living of the population.
Convective-diffusion model of particle deposition in modeling of building structures
Authors: Akhmetov Vadim , Akhmetova Valentina
Published: December 2018

The problem of the motion of a swirling flow in a vortex chamber with particle deposition effects at the lateral surface is numerically investigated. Flowfields with formation of recirculation zones are analyzed on the basis of the Navier-Stokes equations. Two cases of the transport process for solid particles of different sizes with deposition on the lateral surface of the channel are studied (passive impurities are assumed). In the first case, the particles are injected into the peripheral part of the channel together with the swirling flow; in the second case, this process is performed through an annular slot without swirling. The results are compared with available experimental data and asymptotic solutions.
Optimization of HF waves energy source for thermal treatment of building materials
Authors: Vorotyntseva Irina
Published: December 2018

Building materials processing with the help of HF waves demonstrates a great number of perspective advantages as compared to traditional heating methods. In order to upgrade the technology of HF wave heating there exist a need to optimize the HF waves sources that enable us to consider some characteristic features of the process to a greater extend. To solve the task of optimizing a HF wave energy source we use the methods of the optimal control theory. The optimization has been carried out based on the gradient method. As a result we have found some optimal functional dependencies that describe the laws strength change of an electrostatic and a high-frequency field. Established managements help considerably enhance the efficiency of the energy exchange. The calculations we have carried out show that the chosen method enables an efficient optimization of a HF wave energy source with different restrictions of the governing function.
Mathematical modeling of emergency situations at objects of production and gas transportation
Authors: Orlov Victor , Detina Elena , Kovalchuk Oleg
Published: December 2018

Mathematical modeling attracts the attention of researchers from different fields, as one of the rigorous methods of justifying the conducted researchs. Mathematical modeling makes it possible forecast to real life situations. Based on the mathematical model, the work provides the innovative recommendations for making managerial decisions on increasing the reliability and functional safety of the pipeline at all stages of its life cycle. The results obtained allow: 1) to consider issues related to the rational management of resources for the maintenance of the infrastructure of gas chemical complexes in conditions of limited means; 2) is have adapt RAMS methodology to the complex of Russian standards and the base of normative and methodological documentation on managing the life cycle processes of systems of to product and transportat of gas.
The approximate method of determining the integral physical characteristics in some problems of technical theory of plates
Authors: Korobko Viktor , Kalashnikova Natalia , Shlyakhov Stanislav
Published: December 2018

The paper considers the dimensionless geometric characteristic R/r (R is the maximum radius of a circle inscribed in a given region, r is the minimum radius of a circle circumscribed around it), which is used as a geometric analogue of integral characteristics in problems of the technical theory of plates and theory of elasticity. By numerical experiment the authors showed that using this characteristic as the only argument made it possible to approximate with one elementary function all the solutions for short plates, which satisfied the condition (0.5 < R/r < 1) in problems of trans-verse bending, free oscillations and stability of plates.
Analytical method of forecasting the settlement of water-saturated soils over time
Authors: Yudina Irina
Published: December 2018

The paper deals with the formulation and solution of the consolidation problem for weak water-saturated soil bases by using exponential functions to describe the initial pore water pressure with zero boundary conditions on the surface of the base and at infinity. The solution of this problem was obtained in closed form by the source function method. Expressions are given for the pore water pressure and degree of consolidation, as well as an example of such calculation.
Simulation of the Building Materials Production Process
Authors: Vasil’eva Olga
Published: December 2018

We study characteristics and properties of modified Godunov-Sultangazin kinetic system solution allows us to describe the nature and time of technological processes for the production of building materials based on autocatalysis reaction. This system is nonlinear, which explains the difficulty of its analytical solution. So, we use the numerical method of its investigation. The numerical results obtained and analyzed.
First results of pipe pile static load test in small laboratory scale
Authors: Baca Michal , Rybak Jaroslaw
Published: December 2018

Presented laboratory testing program of tubular steel piles is a part of a bigger research program which contained static load tests in full scale and numerical simulations of conducted research. The main goal of the research is to compare static load tests with different working conditions of a shaft. The presented small scale model tests are the last part of the research. The paper contains the testing methodology description and first results of model pile axial loading. The static load tests in a small laboratory scale were conducted in a container filled with uniformly compacted medium sand (MSa). The first results of the investigation are presented in this paper, with the comparison of two pile capacities obtained for different roughness of the pile shaft (skin friction). The results are presented as load-displacement curves obtained by means of the Brinch-Hansen 80% method.
Load carrying capacity of castellated I-beam in the elastoplastic formulation problem
Authors: Goryachevskiy Oleg
Published: December 2018

Developed a method for calculating the load carrying capacity of castellated I-beam with ideal elastoplastic material model in ANSYS Mechanical. The method verified in the test problem of bending a rectangular beam. The ultimate load and ratio of ultimate load to limited load for two different I-beams were calculated. The method can be used for other steel construction.
Calibration testing of discs using photoelasticity method
Authors: Frishter Ludmila
Published: December 2018

Using of the photoelasticity method for determining the stresses under the action of specified forced deformations and, in particular, temperature deformations, which do not satisfy the compatibility conditions, is relevant in the study of composite structures. Photoelasticity method, which is a continual method, and the method of “defrosting” forced deformations, as its subsection, allow obtaining a stress-strain state in the composite area with forced deformations on models made of optically - responsive material. The method of defrosting forced deformations, using the procedure of preliminary freezing of model elements with subsequent defrosting of the entire model, is an effective, versatile and promising method for simulation of stresses as a result of specified forced deformations. In the study of composite structures by the method of photoelasticity and defrosting “defrosting” of forced deformations, a model composed of elements with previously created forced deformations is created. To determine the created forced deformations, calibration tests are performed, in which the following actual loads are determined: forced deformations, pressure, optical and mechanical characteristics of the model material: modulus of elasticity, material fringe value. Novelty of the calibration test method is the definition of “frozen” forced deformations in the blank of the photoelasticity model using a single composite disk model without testing additional models - beams [1, 2]. Taken into account the material parameters of model: Young's modulus, the price of a polymeric material strip, which are different for batches of initial components: epoxy resin and anhydrite. In order to approve the results of calibration tests, this paper considers the theoretical and experimental solution of the elasticity test problem for a composite disk, one of the areas of which is uniformly heated. The obtained data are used for calibration tests in determining the actual loads and mechanical characteristics in the model sections.
Influence of fastening conditions on the deformation of a metal sample when it is stretched
Authors: Prokopiev Valeriy , Zhdanova Tatiana , Simonyan Nerses
Published: December 2018

Investigates the effect of conditions for fixing a metal thin plate on its deformation under tension. At observance of GOST on fixing the edges of the plate in a tearing machine, the greatest thinning occurs in the middle along the length of the sheet.
Organization of the integrated control of the implementation of sophisticated construction projects
Authors: Leybman Dmitriy , Sborshchikov Sergey , Kochenkova Elizaveta
Published: December 2018

A successful implementation of the investment programs and projects is mainly determined by an effective organizational control circuit. This is the circuit, which includes a construction organizer (external engineering company), carrying out a set of management work, based on timely and reasonable decision-making at the design and construction stages.
Organizational and technological solutions justifying use of non-destructive methods of control when building monolithic constructions of civil buildings and structures
Authors: Lapidus Azariy , Khubaev Alan , Bidov Tembot
Published: December 2018

The parameters influencing on the use of non-destructive methods of control are considered when building monolithic constructions of civil and industrial buildings and structures. The analysis of the factor influence on the capacity of the method of the non-destructive control with the expert assessment method is made. Based on the qualimetric analysis three the most significant groups of the factors which can influence on the capacity of the use of the non-destructive control method (Pnc) are determined. The mathematical apparatus base is prepared, which characterize the object parameters.
Development of the Institutional and Economic Mechanism for Managing the Regional Real Estate Market
Authors: Hametov Tagir , Ishamyatova Irina
Published: December 2018

A detailed analysis of the concepts of “economic” and “institutional” mechanism characterizing the current stage of economic development has been conducted. The socio-economic development of the residential real estate market at the level of the Russian Federation and the Penza Region, which is a developing region, has been studied. Based on the analysis of the main economic indicators of the residential real estate market, positive and negative aspects have been revealed. A model of the institutional and economic mechanism for managing the regional real estate market has been developed. The model reveals the essence of the effectiveness of the institutional and economic mechanism showing the dependence of the effectiveness of the institutional mechanism on the behavior of the main economic agents. A set of organizational, legal and economic measures, the implementation of which on a practical level contributes to the development of the residential real estate market, has been proposed.
Application of BIM modeling for the organization of collective work on a construction project
Authors: Garyaeva Venera
Published: December 2018

The article discusses the issues of organizing collective work on an information model in an environment of common data using the means of ensuring interdisciplinary coordination. Working in a common data environment allows you to work in parallel on the project, which helps to accelerate the development of the project and allows you to monitor and respond quickly to changes and collisions.
Development of the principles of “Green” logistics in the cities of the Russian federation
Authors: Verstina Natalia , Tereshkina Tatiana , Treyman Marina
Published: December 2018

The matters of the “green” logistics in Russia are considered in the article. The analysis of data on gas emission from motor transport, the influence of transport and logistics system on the environment, and calculation of ecological damage from transport and logistics systems in St. Petersburg are carried out. Methods of the ecology-focused approach to the introduction of the principles of “green” logistics and creation of the ecology-focused logistics systems in the cities are developed.
Public hearing procedure in the management of city development: analysis of the world experience
Authors: Ivanova Zinaida , Danilina Nina
Published: December 2018

In recent decades, public participation in the management of urban development programs has become one of the most important aspects for the sustainable development of the society. The article focuses on public hearing method that aims to extend citizen involvement in the management of the community. The authors consider the ways of organizing and holding public hearings and public discussions examine the effective factors of the international experience, analyze legislative and regulatory documents, and study different conduct procedures and methodological materials related to the topic. The study investigates the comparative analysis of the procedures for conducting public hearings in Russia, Australia, the United States, Canada, Denmark, and India. The authors arrive to the conclusion that each country has developed specific context-based procedure strategies for citizen participation in discussing important social problems that depends on actual social development, democracy level and the forms of local self-government. The study identifies the shortcomings of the Russian legislation on public hearings and public discussions in that may lead to the lack of citizen participation in management urban affairs and therefore requires improvement using positive experience of other countries.
Application of the integrated decision support system for scheduling of development projects
Authors: Berezka Vitaly
Published: December 2018

Introduction: A higher level of specialization in various disciplines and technologies typical for the participants of modern investment and construction (development) projects creates the need for the advanced project management models. Decision support systems and tools for communication and organization of joint activities are the mandatory components for the efficient project management. Purpose-designed information systems allow to computerize such project management function as scheduling. However, the optimum decision is still found on the basis of personal assessment by decision makers. At the same time, as competition in the construction industry increases, the need for decision support systems to optimize investment and construction activities in the environment of multi-objective optimization becomes evident. Methods: The findings of DSS development projects in the construction industry have been used. The studies have been based on system integration approach to engineering, method of successive concession and the procedure for a search of the satisfactory values meeting STEM criteria under given weights. Results: Principles of development and functioning, architecture and organization and process aspects of DSS for scheduling under multi-objective optimization. Discussion: Integrated DSS capable for multi-objective optimization of the schedules has been proposed.
Development of organizational and technological solutions for the implementation of projects of production programs of construction companies
Authors: Chulkov Vitaliy , Zueva Diana , Babushkin Evgeniy
Published: December 2018

The article describes the necessity of developing high-quality organizational and technological documentation (OTD). The purpose of the study is to identify finished in the regulatory regulation of the OTD and perfection of the qualimetric method of approach. Were considered organizational and technological solutions implemented in the programs of enterprises in order to regulate and optimize production. An analysis of the statistical study of completed capital construction projects and international experience became the basis for making proposals for changing the regulatory framework and additions to it.
Directions of modernization of systems for ensuring the quality of construction of nuclear power facilities
Authors: Zhuravlev Pavel , Bachus Evgeniy , Markova Irina
Published: December 2018

Solving the problems of quality assurance is an integral element of the development strategy of any industry, including the investment and construction sector. Ensuring product quality is not only a competitive advantage, but also helps to reduce unforeseen resources and time costs from the occurrence of nonconformities, which has a positive effect on the economic condition of the manufacturer. The article discusses areas of modernization of quality assurance systems for the construction of nuclear power facilities.
Conceptual approach to the formation of innovation strategies of economic systems of the micro- and meso-level based on self-organization
Authors: Uvarova Svetlana , Bukreev Anatoly , Vlasenko Vyacheslav
Published: December 2018

In modern conditions, sustainable development of the economy of the country and regions inherently corresponds to the principle of innovation. The principle postulates the need to accelerate the development of innovation in the process of constant changes in a non-equilibrium economic system. The authors propose to ensure the accelerated development of innovations by implementing a scientifically based innovation strategy of regional enterprises. In this case, the concept of the development of strategies of the enterprise and the region, according to the authors, should be based on adapting the foresight methodology to the processes of self-organization of the system, including methodological tools for creating regional “points of innovation growth” taking into account the specifics of the region.
Application of High-tech Solutions in Ecodevelopment
Authors: Korol Oleg , Shushunova Natalia , Lopatkin Dmitry , Zanin Alexey , Shushunova Tatiana
Published: December 2018

This research is aimed to study the significant number of negative environmental consequences are due to the active development of cities and agglomerations. The technologies of green buildings are constantly being improved with the aim of reducing the overall influence of development on the environment and human health. Today, one of the most important trends of eco-development is to develop the innovations in the field of green building structures. Green modular roofing structures contribute to solving the problems of ecodevelopment in the construction of smart cities and smart buildings for sustainable development.
Domestic and foreign experience of using soft fitting structures in tent equipment
Authors: Strigin Boris
Published: December 2018

This research is review of purpose like soft enclosing structures made of different types of awning material: structural (construction of awning materials, solid (stretching and rupture) and lighting engineering (light transmission, light reflection). These researches are shown in following: graphs, tables, shorts. The prospect of development this type of construction is reviled on domestics and foreign examples of awning material. Results of studies are presented in the form of graphs and tables on the study of physical and mechanical properties of domestic tent materials and a comparative analysis of domestic and foreign experience in the use of these materials in tent structures.
Potential risks in cross-cultural communication in construction
Authors: Danchevskaya Oksana
Published: December 2018

Cross-cultural communication has many potential risks which occur due to errors in different spheres. In construction, interaction errors are dangerous as they can lead to serious undesirable consequences. Although there are many theoretical works on cross-cultural communication, the practical application of this knowledge is often difficult. This research is aimed to fill this gap by examining a case study with subsequent analysis of the mistakes made, evaluation of potential risks, and recommendations aimed at eliminating or at least reducing such risks. The study revealed that predominantly several errors are committed simultaneously, and by both parties on three levels: non-verbal, verbal communication, and in general behaviour. The findings indicate that possible risks can be significantly reduced or completely eliminated provided that the parties are able to competently navigate the situation. The suggested approach to studying cross-cultural communication can help people enhance the quality of interaction both in professional and interpersonal spheres.
Possible risks in construction of the facility in cramped conditions
Authors: Aleksanin Aleksandr
Published: December 2018

Today, we often have to deal with the implementation of works on the construction of buildings and structures in the central regions of large cities with already established buildings. This is especially true when implementing projects for renovation or reconstruction of historical objects. The article analyzes the main types of restrictions for construction in cramped conditions. For example, heavy traffic and pedestrians, the presence of underground utilities, the lack of sites for storing materials, difficult access to structures for their survey, the inability to use large construction equipment, etc. Cramped conditions create a whole range of restrictions for the construction works, which can lead to the emergence of a certain group of risks. The article discusses the main risk groups in construction (financial, temporary, project, quality) and their causes. In the article each of the restriction in the construction in cramped conditions and the risks that they can cause are analyzed.
Risks in housing and communal services and major repairs program for apartment buildings in Moscow. Experience of the first years of implementation
Authors: Davidyuk Artem , Rumyantsev Igor
Published: December 2018

The Housing Code of the Russian Federation has been significantly amended by Federal Law No. 271-FZ of December 25, 2012 [1] with respect to the issues pertaining to major repairs of apartment buildings. Since that moment, the obligation to pay for maintenance and repair of common property has transferred from the state to owners. Since 2013 owners of the premises are required to pay for major repairs the minimum amount (17 rubles per one square meter in Moscow) set by the regulatory legal act of the sub-federal unit of the Russian Federation, or larger amounts (in excess of the minimum) approved by the meeting of owners [2]. In each region of the Russian Federation regional major repair programs were adopted; in Moscow this program was adopted later, at the end of 2014 [3-5], which allowed considering all the pros and cons that had appeared in the regions. Along with the undeniable advantages, the repair in the capital city for the first 3 years (2015-2017) has shown a number of disadvantages and significant risks associated with the low level of design and subsequent problems with the quality, timing and budget constraints encountered by contractors at the repair stage.
Project Management Risks in the Sphere of Housing and Communal Services
Authors: Borkovskaya Victoria
Published: December 2018

This paper shows a project risk management system model allowing enterprises to better identify risks in the sphere of housing and communal services and to manage them throughout the life cycle of the project. It shows the most popular methods of risk probability assessment and tries to indicate the advantages of the robust approach over the traditional methods. Modern development of project management as well as the accumulated knowledge and experience in this field made it possible to integrate project management knowledge into a single system model. Within the framework of this model, standard and robust approaches are applied and expanded for the tasks of project data analysis. The suggested algorithms used to assess the parameters in statistical models allow to obtain reliable estimates. In this study, the classification of risks was determined by the degree of relevance. I conducted an analysis of statistical data, such as requests for maintenance of housing stock of different service lives. The frequency of failures in the work of housing organizations was determined and the probability of accidents was calculated. Taking into account these calculations, the housing stock was graded according to the degree of admissibility of the risk of its maintenance.
Qualitative Risk Assessments in Project Management in Construction Industry
Authors: Burkov Vladimir , Burkova Irina , Barkhi Reza , Berlinov Mikhail
Published: December 2018

Modern economic conditions require construction companies to promptly prevent, identify and manage risks in various areas of their construction activities. As this research shows, many of the best practices of corporate risk management are adopted and applied in large Russian construction companies and in various industries. At the same time, the results of the research demonstrate the possibilities for further development. Key areas of development include: the process of integrating risk management into the development strategy of a construction company, the collection and accumulation of statistical data, interaction between units, the participation and active participation of key stakeholders, and the quality of information on key risks. Risk management is one of the most important functional areas in the methodology of project management in the construction sector. In practice, as a rule, in addition to quantitative risk assessment, qualitative risk assessments in construction is also always utilized. However, the theory of risk management based on qualitative assessments is virtually absent in the Russian practice. This article provides a definition of qualitative risk assessments and complex risks in the construction field. We desceibe the tasks involved in risk management in construction and propose algorithms for solving corresponding problems in the construction field.
Environmental risk management. Forecasting and modeling of emergency risk management situations
Authors: Kas’yanov Vitaly , Danilchenko Vadim , Amelin Vasily , Tolmacheva Valeria
Published: December 2018

For processes of environmental risk management, the results of a study of its perception are important. The identified priorities in the public concern about the state of the environment should be taken into account when preparing the necessary environmental measures. The prevention of risk or its reduction should take into account not only quantitative, but also qualitative characteristics of risk, which are caused by various factors and mechanisms of risk perception. Risk perception research data is essential for adequate risk communication, so managers involved in risk management should be interested in increasing the use of such data.
Kinetics of limestone decomposition in hot metal
Authors: Tang Biao , Xiang Qifu , Wang Jing , Zhang Yunlong , Li Xingyi , Cheng Hanchi , Hu Ming , Zou Zongshu
Published: December 2018

Compared with the traditional limestone calcination, this paper focuses on the conditions and temperature in hot metal where limestone calcines in converter steelmaking process. Considering heat transfer, mass transfer driven by concentration gradient and mass transfer (CO2 gas flow) driven by pressure gradient, macro kinetic models are established to describe limestone decomposition rate respectively. The method of rotating cylinder sample is used in the experiment of limestone decomposition in hot metal. The image processing software Image-Pro Plus is used to analyze the cross section of limestone calcined to get the unreacted core radius of cross section of cylindrical limestone. The results show that the decomposition mechanism of limestone follows the unreacted shrinking core model, the heat conduction of lime layer is the controlling step, the heat conduction and CO2 migration through the product layer determine the rate of limestone decomposition, and the corresponding kinetic equations are established.
Effect of microwave pre-treatment on the magnetic properties of Ludwigite and its implications on magnetic separation
Authors: Liu Yajing , Jiang Tao , Liu Chenhui , Huang Weijun , Wang Junpeng , Xue Xiangxin
Published: December 2018

To improve magnetic separation and recovery for Ludwigite, the influences of microwave radiation on the heating characteristics, microstructure, magnetic properties and the magnetic separation of Ludwigite are investigated. The magnetizations of untreated and microwave-treated samples with various microwave powers are analyzed using vibrating sample magnetometer. It is found that magnetite is an active material, while ascharite and serpentine are inactive materials. The heating rate of magnetite is faster than those of ascharite and serpentine, resulting in temperature gradient and internal stress among different components in Ludwigite. The effect of microwave power on the internal stress for mineral phases is positive. The internal stress significantly induces intergranular fractures and facilitates mineral liberation. After microwave treatment from 0 to 4 kW exposed for 40 s, serpentine is dissociated and the crystallinity of magnetite is increased, which leads to the saturation magnetization of samples increasing from 12.39 to 24.51 emu/g. Compared with untreated ore, the energy demand for microwave-treated Ludwigite is only about 0.44 kWh/kg, the grade of iron concentrate of microwave-treated Ludwigite increases from 48.56% to 58.06% and iron recovery increases from 69.44% to 96.35%, respectively. It can be concluded that microwave radiation has a positive effect on magnetic properties of Ludwigite and is conducive to magnetic separation from non-magnetic minerals with low energy consumption, thereby obtaining high iron recovery.
Fehlervermeidung und Komplikationsmanagement nach proximaler Femurfraktur
Authors: Klopfer Tim , Hemmann Philipp , Schreiner Anna , Stuby Fabian , Stöckle Ulrich , Bahrs Christian
Published: December 2018

Hintergrund Die proximale Femurfraktur gehört zu den häufigsten Frakturen vor allem des älteren Menschen. In den meisten Fällen muss diese operativ versorgt werden, entsprechend hoch sind die Fallzahlen. Die Rate der Komplikationen ist mit über 20% hoch und somit ein relevantes Problem. Dabei sind die Komplikationen zum einen der Biologie geschuldet, aber nicht selten auch Folge operativer Fehler.

Methode Auf Grundlage der Literatur sowie der eigenen Erfahrungswerte werden die Standardversorgung der proximalen Femurfrakturen erläutert, auf die häufigsten Komplikationen hingewiesen und ein Überblick sowie Lösungsansätze zur Versorgung dieser Komplikationen dargestellt.

Schlussfolgerung Aufgrund der alternden Bevölkerung und zunehmenden Morbidität wird sich die unfallchirurgische Versorgung von proximalen Femurfrakturen weiter erschweren und verdichten. Erfahrung, eine exakte Analyse der Fraktur und Kenntnisse über die individuelle Problematik des Patienten einschließlich der Komorbiditäten werden immer wichtiger, um die vielfältigen Komplikationen zu vermeiden. Kommt es dennoch zu Zwischenfällen, sind eine ausführliche Komplikationsanalyse und weiterführende Diagnostik erforderlich. Zwischen einer großen Fülle an möglichen Revisionsverfahren gilt es, sich zu entscheiden. Zumeist muss dies auf Grundlage der eigenen Erfahrung geschehen. Studien mit großen Fallzahlen zur Komplikationsversorgung gibt es aufgrund der vielfältigen und sehr unterschiedlich ausgeprägten Komplikationen bisher leider nicht.
HflXr, a homolog of a ribosome-splitting factor, mediates antibiotic resistance
Authors: Duval Mélodie , Dar Daniel , Carvalho Filipe , Rocha Eduardo P. C. , Sorek Rotem , Cossart Pascale
Published: December 2018

To overcome the action of antibiotics, bacteria have evolved a variety of different strategies, such as drug modification, target mutation, and efflux pumps. Recently, we performed a genome-wide analysis of
Listeria monocytogenes
gene expression after growth in the presence of antibiotics, identifying genes that are up-regulated upon antibiotic treatment. One of them,
lmo0762
, is a homolog of
hflX
, which encodes a heat shock protein that rescues stalled ribosomes by separating their two subunits. To our knowledge, ribosome splitting has never been described as an antibiotic resistance mechanism. We thus investigated the role of
lmo0762
in antibiotic resistance. First, we demonstrated that
lmo0762
is an antibiotic resistance gene that confers protection against lincomycin and erythromycin, and that we renamed
hflXr
(
hflX
resistance). We show that
hflXr
expression is regulated by a transcription attenuation mechanism relying on the presence of alternative RNA structures and a small ORF encoding a 14 amino acid peptide containing the RLR motif, characteristic of macrolide resistance genes. We also provide evidence that HflXr is involved in ribosome recycling in presence of antibiotics. Interestingly,
L. monocytogenes
possesses another copy of
hflX
,
lmo1296
, that is not involved in antibiotic resistance. Phylogenetic analysis shows several events of
hflXr
duplication in prokaryotes and widespread presence of
hflXr
in Firmicutes. Overall, this study reveals the
Listeria hflXr
as the founding member of a family of antibiotic resistance genes. The resistance conferred by this gene is probably of importance in the environment and within microbial communities.
Biotechnology.
Authors: Botella J. R. , Hamill S. , Ko HianLien Ko HianLien , Matsumoto T. , Souza F. V. D.
Published: December 2018

This chapter discusses tissue culture, including topics on micropropagation, organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis, in vitro production of metabolites, cultivar improvement, beneficial microorganisms, somaclonal variation, and in vitro germplasm conservation of pineapple. Anther and ovule culture; protoplast isolation and fusion; genes and genetic resources, genomes, genetic engineering and molecular markers are also described.
Determinants of Writing Style on the United States Circuit Courts of Appeals
Authors: Budziak Jeffrey , Hitt Matthew P. , Lempert Daniel
Published: December 2018

A rapidly burgeoning literature in judicial politics concerns the variation in elements of writing style such as reading difficulty, cognitive complexity, affective language, and informality in judicial opinions. Some of these studies argue that judges strategically alter their writing style in anticipation of reactions from other actors. Others indicate that writing style is a function of judge characteristics as well as case-related factors. We investigate the correlates of writing style in US Circuit Courts of Appeals by analyzing a stratified random sample consisting of 11,771 opinions. Construing style broadly to encompass several dimensions suggested by prior work, we find that case and judge characteristics explain substantially more variance in writing style than do strategic considerations.
Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment to Prevent Offending and to Rehabilitate Offenders
Authors: Zara Georgia
Published: December 2018

This chapter discusses evidence-based treatments that include cognitive-behavioral interventions to target offending. It briefly describes the theoretical principles of cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) and then presents an overview of some of the most effective programs in criminological settings. Next, the chapter considers how the recognition of criminal behavior as multidetermined by a multiplicity of factors and criminogenic needs requires multi-modal types of treatment to respond to the complexity of aspects involved in its onset and its persistence. A critical analysis of research findings is presented by looking first at some of the variations in CBT interventions and then by exploring the X factor of their effectiveness. Finally, this chapter refers to the risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model, which integrates scientific accuracy with integrity.
The Impact of IPOs’ Analyst Coverage on the Choice and Timing of SEOs
Authors: Bouzouita Nesrine , Gresse Carole
Published: December 2018

Based on a survival analysis on a sample of initial public offerings (IPOs) undertaken on Euronext and their subsequent seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) over the period 1995–2012, this chapter shows that analyst coverage in the months following an IPO facilitates subsequent SEOs and favors the longevity of the firm’s relationship with its initial underwriter. SEOs are facilitated in several dimensions: post-IPO analyst coverage increases the likelihood of the IPO firm to conduct an SEO with a firm commitment underwriting; it increases the occurrence speed of that SEO; and it increases the probability of that SEO to be intermediated by the same underwriter as the IPO.
All Ties Are Not Created Equal
Authors: Li Yong , Yao Beiqing
Published: December 2018

This chapter examines whether and how different types of institutional ties affect new venture performance at different organizational stages. The authors propose that equity ties to government agencies will enhance the speed and returns of initial public offerings (IPOs) but hinder post-IPO market growth. By contrast, equity ties to research institutes will contribute positively to both IPO performance and post-IPO market growth. The authors build their arguments on how the two types of institutional ties meet new ventures’ need to be legitimate and competitive pre- and post-IPO. They test their hypotheses with new ventures in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries that went public in China and find supportive evidence.