bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Strategies using Application in Online Teaching during Pandemic
Authors: Tukan Fransiska M. Ena
Published: November 2022

This study aims to explain (1) the teacher’s challenges using the application in online teaching classroom during the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) the strategies used by teachers in teaching using the application. The participants of the research were the English teachers at SMA/SMK/MA in Yogyakarta, Gunungkidul, Magelang, and Kebumen. A qualitative method was employed in this research and using interviews via WhatsApp as a data collection technique. The findings showed that teachers had the challenges such as (1) operating the application during online learning, (2) developing the material, assessment, and evaluation in teaching, (3) developing the teaching method, (4) combining the material and application, and (5) motivating the students and parents. The strategies used by the teacher when using the application in teaching such as (1) watching the video tutorial, (2) choosing a  suitable application for teaching, (3) arranging the new learning schedule, (4) developing the creativity in designing the material, and (5) giving the simple material and task for the students.
Self-assessment Optimization Through WhatsApp Features for Increasing Students' Listening Comprehension
Authors: Siregar Syamsiah Depalina , Melati Eka , Wahyuni Sri
Published: November 2022

The article is aimed to inform that self-assessment optimization through WhatsApp features can Increase the students’ listening comprehension. The action research is used to gain the data. It consists of 4 steps, like planning, acting, developing, and reflecting stage. It conducted for two cycles. The informants of this research come from fourth semester of English Education Program at STAIN Mandailing Natal. The instruments of collecting the data are an interview guide, online questionnaire, Listening script, and field note. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed in this analysis. Qualitative data would be collected by observation, interviewing, and surveying. The listening examination will collect quantitative evidence. It will be evaluated using a listening comprehension score calculation. The result of the research showed the increasing on students’ listening comprehension through self-assessment optimization, it can be seen from the students’ scoring in each meeting.
An Analysis of Derivational Affixes in Song
Authors: Siregar Fitri Rayani , Siregar Novita Sari
Published: November 2022

This research discusses about derivational affixes in song  lyrics. The researcher analyzed five songs in Harris Jung’s Salam album. The five songs are: Salam Alaikum, Good Life, Rasool’ Allah, I Promise, and My Hero. The kind of the research was library research. The researcher analyzed the data by using four steps, they are understanding (reading), identifying, classifying, and describing. The results of the research are there were two kinds of derivational affixes in Harris Jung’s Salam album in the five selected songs, they were derivational prefixes and derivational suffixes. The dominant of derivational affixes in Harris Jung’s Salam album in five selected songs were derivational suffixes with the total percantage 64% that are suffixes –ness (4), -y (1), -ful (1), -en (1), -ly (2) and then derivational prefixes with the total percantage 36% that are prefixes re- (2), un- (1), pro- (1), in- (1).
Students’ Descriptive Text Writing in Experiential Function Realization
Authors: Siregar Sri Rahmadhani
Published: November 2022

The main focus of the research was to know the students’ descriptive writing in experiential function realizations and to find out the dominant process in that problems. Qualitative research was used in conducting this research. The participants of this research were 26 students at TBI-1 seventh semester of English Department IAIN Padangsidimpuan. The instrument to collect the data was the documents of students’ answer sheet in writing descriptive text. The data were analyzed by using Cresswell’s theory these are organizing and preparing data, reading data, coding data, generating description of data, representing data, and interpreting data. The result showed that the students’ writing descriptive text in experiential function realized on six process. The processes were material, verbal, mental, relational, behavioral and existential process. From the six processes, relational process realization was the dominant on students’ sentences. There are 47.67%process was categorized into relational process.
Authentic Material Media to Enhance Students’ Reading Descriptive Text
Authors: Siregar Sri Rahayu , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: November 2022

This research was aimed to find out the effect of using authentic material media on descriptive text reading comprehension at the XI grade MAS Baharuddin Tapanuli Selatan. Research methodology that used in this research was quantitative method. Types of the research was experimental research. The population of the research was the students at XI grade of MAS Baharuddin Tapanuli Selatan. Further, the sample of the research included 44 students. They were  experimental class consist of 25 students and control class consist of 19 students. In collecting the data, the researcher used test to know students’ descriptive text reading comprehension by learning using authentic material media. To analyze the data, the researcher used t-test formula. After using Authentic Material media the result of T-test  tcount was bigger than ttable (2.781.67). It means that hyphothesis alternative (Ha) was accepted. It was concluded that there was significant effect of using Authentic Material Media.
Peer Feedback Technique on Students’ Writing Narrative Text Ability
Authors: Lubis Rayendriani Fahmei
Published: November 2022

This research is intended to investigate the effect of Peer Feedback Technique on Students’ Writing Narrative Text Ability at XI Grade MAN Tapanuli Selatan. This research used experimental quantitative method with pre-test and post-test design. The populations were all of the students at XI Grade MAN Tapanuli Selatan. The sample were XI MIA 1 as experimental class that consisted of 20 students and XI MIA 2 as control class that consisted of 20 students. The data were collected through pre-test and post-test in essay test form and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) with T-test. After doing T-test, the finding showed that the t-test value was sig (2- tailed) 0.05 (0.017 0.05. Therefore, alternative hypothesis (Ha) of this research was accepted null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. It can be concluded that there was significant effect of using peer feedback technique on students’ writing narrative text ability at XI grade MAN Tapanuli Selatan
SAVI and RME Learning Models to Improve Mathematical Problem Solving Skills
Authors: Siswadi Siswadi , Lilis Lilis , Simamora Yumira
Published: November 2022

Realistic mathematics is a very important approach that links the real world with student learning activities. This quantitative study aims to obtain information related to improving the SAVI learning model with RME on students' mathematical problem solving abilities. This research involved 60 students (30 students VIIIc and 30 students VIIIa) who were positioned as research subjects. Students' mathematical problem solving abilities were collected using a rubric in the form of an essay consisting of 5 questions. The collected data was tested using the t-test. The results of this study inform that students' problem solving abilities on cube and cuboids with RME learning are better than students who follow SAVI learning in class VIII students of MTs Nurul Iman Tanjung Morawa Deli Serdang.
Implementation of Character Education in the Mathematics Learning Process
Authors: Amir Almira
Published: November 2022

The decline in the character of students today is due to the impact of the flow of globalization of information and technology such as no passion in learning, noisy when the teacher explains, low self-confidence, lack of sense of responsibility for the tasks given by the teacher, and tends to be passive so we need a new changes to implement character education in the mathematics learning process.This study aims to determine the implementation of character education in the mathematics learning process, to find out the obstacles to implementing character education in the mathematics learning process, and to find out strategies to overcome obstacles in implementing character education in the mathematics learning process in class X MAS Hajijah Amalia Sari Padangsidimpuan.This research is a qualitative research with the approach used is descriptive ethnography. The primary data sources were the mathematics teacher and class X student of MAS Hajijah Amalia Sari Padangsidimpuan. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews and documentation.The results showed that character education for students in class X MAS Hajijah Amalia Sari Padangsidimpuan had been applied in the mathematics learning process. Specific findings obtained are a lack of student motivation, lack of enthusiasm for learning, lack of infrastructure and lack of time discipline. The strategy in overcoming these obstacles is to familiarize students with applying character values, providing good examples, giving warnings, making conditioning such as posters or slogans that show character values and completing infrastructure facilities that can build character education values in the mathematics learning process.
Data Analysis Techniques for Problem-Based Learning Model Development and Rewarding Elementary Linear Algebra
Authors: Nasution Mariam
Published: November 2022

The problem in this research is how the data analysis techniques are used in developing problem-based learning models and giving elementary linear algebra rewards. The purpose of this study was to describe the results of data analysis in the research conducted. The type of research used is the type of RD research with qualitative and quantitative methods. The stages of data collection carried out are: Preliminary Phase, Prototyping Phase and Assessment Phase. The Preliminary stage is processed descriptively, by clearly describing the results of the preliminary analysis in the form of needs analysis, curriculum analysis, concept analysis, and student characteristics analysis, each resulting analysis is equipped with conclusions. The prototyping stage uses instrument data that has been given to experts or validators to see the errors and accuracy of the instruments presented in the form of numbers. For the Assessment Phase, validity tests were carried out on the validity of the RPS and SAP instruments, model books, lecturer books, LKM, students' mathematical ability tests, attitude questionnaires and student learning interests. Product reliability tests were carried out on RPS and SAP instruments, model books, lecturer books, LKM, students' mathematical ability tests, attitude questionnaires and student learning interests. The product effectiveness test was obtained from the student's mathematical ability test data, attitude questionnaire and student learning interest questionnaire. Based on the analysis of the data used, it can be concluded that the product validity test results obtained high validity criteria. The results of the practicality test obtained high validity. The results of the effectiveness test are that the problem-based learning model and the provision of rewards can improve students' mathematical abilities and can encourage increased understanding of a concept and solve problems that are legitimate, efficient, and effective.
Pop Up Book Learning Media to Increase Learning Interest of MTsS Alwasliyah Students Bangun Purba
Authors: Hoiriyah Diyah , Maulidia Nurul
Published: November 2022

This article aims to increase students' interest in learning mathematics by using pop up book learning media. The research was conducted at MTsS Alwasliyah Bangun Purba class VII. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method. The instruments in this study are observation sheets and questionnaires of students' interest in learning mathematics. The results of the study obtained that there was an increase in students' interest in learning after the learning process was carried out using pop-up book media.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Mahasiswa Program Studi PGSD
Authors: Siregar Nurkhairunnisa , Siregar Nurdiana , Hasanah Hasanah
Published: November 2022

Describing the ability of PGSD students to understand mathematical concepts in the subject of basic mathematical concepts, as well as identifying students' difficulties in these subjects are the basic objectives of this study. This research is a qualitative research using descriptive method. 23 students of the PGSD study program were used as subjects in this study. Data collection in this study used tests and documentation. The data analysis used was descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of data analysis obtained on the average score of students' ability to understand mathematical concepts is 60.35 so that they are grouped in the sufficient category. As for the details, there are 2 students in the very good category, 6 students in the good category, and 15 students in the sufficient category. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the ability to understand mathematical concepts of PGSD students in the subject of basic mathematical concepts is still in the sufficient category.
Profil Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Materi Aritmatika Sosial Berdasarkan Teori Polya Ditinjau dari Self-Confidence Siswa SMP
Authors: Nurkhalipah Rita , Ramlah Ramlah , Warmi Attin
Published: November 2022

This study aims to describe mathematical problem solving abilities in terms of students' self-confidence. This is motivated by the number of students who have low self-confidence in solving mathematical problem solving problems. The research used a qualitative approach to the case study method with the subject as many as 3 students of class VII of one of the state junior high schools in Karawang district, using tests in the form of questions to describe their problem-solving abilities, self-confidence questionnaires and interviews. The data analysis technique used data reduction, display data, and conclusion drawing or verification. Based on the results of data analysis, it was showed that self-confidence are high and solving problems, it is be able to meet the stages of understanding problems, compiling plans, and implementing plans. Students with low self-confidence show that they do not meet any of the problem solving stages. So, it can be concluded that the ability to solve mathematical problems in terms of students' self-confidence in social arithmetic material, no one student can re-examine the results in the Polya stage.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Logis dengan Menggunakan Metode Pembelajaran Accelerated Learning (AL)
Authors: Sari Dwi Maulida , Hoiriyah Diyah
Published: November 2022

The aim of this article is to analyze students’ mathematical logical thinking ability where accelerated learning model been applied. Research is conducted in fifth semester in one of universities in Asahan. It was found that the n-gain mean of mathematical logical thinking ability of class AL students was included in the high category improvement as stated by Hake's n-gain improvement criteria. The class AL standard deviation value shows that the distribution of the n-gain value data varies widely. This shows that the Accelerated learning (AL) learning model can be used as a model that can improve logical thinking skills.
Pengaruh Minat Belajar Matematika terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Matematis Siswa SMP
Authors: Wulandari Tri , Hidayati Nita , Warmi Attin
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of interest in learning mathematics to students' mathematical understanding abilities. This research is an ex-post facto research with an approach quantitative. The population in this study were all eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Karawang Barat with 468 students using purposive sampling techniques so that the total sample was 38 students. Data collection techniques using test instruments, questionnaires and online (in the network). Data analysis techniques were performed using simple linear regression analysis. As a prerequisite for analysis, data normality test and data linearity test are performed. Data is processed using SPSS Software version 22 for windows. The results of this study indicate that there is influence interest in learning mathematics towards students' mathematical understanding abilities, this is indicated from the results of simple linear regression analysis that obtained the value of Sig. = 0.046 𝑎 = 0.05 so 𝐻0 is rejected and 𝐻1 is accepted or the regression model is linear with a coefficient of determination of 10.6%.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia (PMRI) dengan Mobile Learning terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Wiyanti Swastyka Rakhma , Marlina Rina , Hakim Dori Lukman
Published: November 2022

This research is motivated by the low mathematical communication skills of students in one of the junior high schools in Karawang Regency. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing whether the learning approach of Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (PMRI) with Mobile Learning has an effect on Students' Mathematical Communication Ability. The research approach used in this study is a quantitative approach with experimental methods and a Posttest Only One Control Group research design conducted at NURUL FALAH Junior High School JAKARTA. The data was collected using a mathematical communication ability test instrument and the hypothesis test used was an analysis of the difference between two averages (2 Independent Sample t-test) to determine the average difference in mathematical communication skills of experimental class students using the PMRI learning approach with mobile learning. and a control class that uses a direct learning approach with mobile learning. The calculation of the data was carried out using the SPSS ver 22 (Statistical Product and Service Solution) application and based on the calculation of the posttest results of the two groups, there were differences in students' mathematical communication skills.
Kemampuan Berpikir Logis Mahasiswa dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran M-APOS
Authors: Sari Dwi Maulida , Hoiriyah Diyah
Published: November 2022

This article aims to analyze students' mathematical logical thinking skills who apply the M-APOS learning model. The research was conducted in the sixth semester at one of the universities in Padangsidimpuan. It was found that the average n-gain of M-APOS class students' logical thinking skills increased in the high category as stated by Hake's criteria for increasing n-gain. The standard deviation value for the M-APOS class shows that the distribution of the n-gain value data is very diverse. This shows that the M-APOS learning model can be used as a learning model that can improve logical thinking skills.
THE PROMOTION OF THE CONCEPT OF RESPECT FOR DIVERSITY IN SCHOOLS AND SOCIETY THROUGH PEDAGOGICAL DESIGN BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVES OF A WOMAN ACADEMIA
Authors: Nasution Liah Rosdiani
Published: November 2022

This article explores the journey of a woman in academia in the schooling contexts throughout her academic and professional course. This article specifically encourages those who teach in schools of education to accept greater responsibility for the inadequate preparation of educators for work in racially, religiously, ethnically, culturally, and linguistically diverse academic post-secondary institutions. Furthermore, this paper also invites educators to do more to make our findings actionable so we can contribute to the end of these educational inequities.
INTERKONEKSI PENDIDIKAN PERPUSTAKAAN DALAM MENUMBUHKEMBANGKAN BUDAYA BACA
Authors: Muttaqin Muhammad Azam , Mujahada Kharis Syuhud , Daulay Muhammad Roihan , Manalu Ali Wardhana
Published: November 2022

This research is based on the problem of researchers' anxiety about the school library being used as a means of information needed as a learning resource that enables educators to improve its quality, it is not running optimally. This study aims to look at management, strategy, service optimization, and the form of integration of library management interconnections in an effort to increase reading interest.This type of research is a type of qualitative research with inductive deductive methods, this type of qualitative research is a type of research based on the philosophy of post-positivism. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The validity of the data was tested by means of a credibility test with technical triangulation, source triangulation, and time triangulation. The results showed: 1) library management which is carried out by the existence of disposable planning and fixed plans, procurement of library materials, management and maintenance and service improvement, 2) strategies to increase students' reading interest are carried out by completing and adding to book collections, providing teaching media, conducting library learning, motivating students with slogan posters and direct invitations, 3) actions in optimizing library service functions by carrying out and implementing properly the functions of educational, informative, recreational, research, and administrative responsibility functions in a library, 4) to determine the form library management interconnection integration.
PENGARUH KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER DAN INTRAKURIKULER TERHADAP KARAKTER ISLAM SISWA SMP ISLAM TERPADU BUNAYYA BINA UL-UMMAH PADANGSIDIMPUN
Authors: Lubis Syafnan , Nasution Eni Sumanti , Nasution Hilda Khairani
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of extracurricular activities on student character. This study was designed with a quantitative study with a sample size of 30 students with sampling using simple random sampling and simple linear regression analysis as a method of data analysis, the data collection instrument technique used was a questionnaire. The sampling method used was the random sampling technique by setting a sample of 30 students.The results showed that extracurricular activities were in the good category with 71% of the ideal score obtained. Meanwhile, the students' character was included in the very good category, with 83.8% of the ideal score and the extracurricular score of the students in the good category, namely 77.86%. The conclusions of this study are (1) There is a significant influence between extracurricular activities on Islamic character education at Bunayya Bina UL-UMMAH Padangsidimpuan Islamic Junior High School, (2) There is a significant influence between extracurricular activities on Islamic character in Islamic Junior High School. Integrated (IT) Bunayya Bina UL-UMMAH Padangsidimpuan the use of learning technology on student achievement at MTsN Padang Bolak, (3) There is a significant influence between extracurricular activities and extracurricular activities on Islamic character at the Integrated Islamic Junior High School (IT) Bunayya Bina UL-UMMAH Padangsidimpuan.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GAMBAR SERI DALAM MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SECARA LANGSUNG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN BAHASA ANAK
Authors: Khairiah Dina , Amelia Nurul , Aisya Nadia , Ardiyanti Silva
Published: November 2022

The main objective of this research is to explain that the serial image media has a sequence of images so that it can stimulate the child's mind to speak and produce a continuous story. This serial image media can increase children's interest in speaking so that children's language skills increase. The design of this research is classroom action research (PTK) using. The research instruments used included observations, tests, and field notes to measure teacher activity using observations, children's learning outcomes used test sheets while to find out the obstacles that arose during the implementation of learning. The analysis technique for observation and test data used descriptive and quantitative, while the analysis of field notes used descriptive and qualitative. The results of the study on the learning activities of the teacher's activity have increased from cycle I and cycle II. In the cycle, 1 teacher activity reached 78.3% and in cycle I teacher activity reached 93.3%. While the children's activity in cycle 1 reached 67.5% and cycle II children's activity reached 95%. Data on the results of children's tests in cycle 1 reached 66.7% and cycle I reached 86.7%. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that learning uses image media and direct learning models.
MOTIVASI SEBAGAI PENGUBAHAN PERILAKU
Authors: Siregar Lis Yulianti Syafrida
Published: November 2022

Motivation is encouragement that came from humans with awareness or unawareness for doing something that concerns with a certain purpose. As we know the behavior of humans is influenced by motivation or encouragement for the importance that accomplishes requirement from an individual. Alteration of behavior is the psychology that relates to the analysis and changing of human behavior
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MENGGUNAKAN “E LEARNING” DiTENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 KELAS VIII PERSIAPAN MTS N 3 PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Sari Lili Nur Indah
Published: November 2022

This research is a quasi-experimental research, with a quantitative approach to finding data in the form of numbers, namely the results of the pre-test and post-test. One of the information technologies that can be used as a learning medium is by using e-learning. E-learning is an innovation that can be utilized in the learning process, not only in the delivery of learning material, but also changes in the abilities of various student competencies. The instrument used in this study was a test. The test instruments include pre-test and post-test. The pre-test includes a set of prerequisite material knowledge in the form of descriptive questions and the post-test includes a mathematics learning outcome test. Based on the results of the analysis of hypothesis testing carried out using the t-test at a significance level of 0.05, the sig value is obtained. (2-tailed), which is equal to 0.000, which is smaller than the significance level of 0.05. So, it can be concluded that there is a significant increase in student learning outcomes taught by e-learning learning during the Covid 19 pandemic.Key words: learning outcomes; e learning; covid 19
أثر تطبيق تقنية محاسبة تكاليف تدفق المواد (MFCA) على تخفيض التكاليف وترشيد القرارات الإدارية دراسة تطبيقية على معمل برازيرين للكونكريت الجاهز
Authors: Abdullah Sabir Rzgar , Haji Hasan Al-Zebari Honar
Published: November 2022

تناولت هذه الدراسة أثر تطبيق تقنية محاسبة تكاليف تدفق المواد (Material Flow Cost Accounting) على تخفيض التكاليف وترشيد القرارات الإدارية – دراسة تطبيقية على معمل برازيرين للكونكريت الجاهز، ولقد اعتمد الباحث على بيانات والمعلومات لعام 2020 والتي تم الحصول عليها من خلال الزيارات الميدانية في المعمل – محل الدراسة، ولقد اعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لإختبار الفرضية وجمع وتحليل البيانات وفق تقنية محاسبة تكاليف تدفق المواد لتحديد المنتج السلبي والنفايات والإنبعاثات واستغلال الأمثل للمواد والطاقة بشكل أكثر كفاءة.
وتهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على إمكانية تطبيق تقنية محاسبة تكاليف تدفق المواد (MFCA)  بإعتباره أحد أهم تقنيات الحديثة للمحاسبة الإدارية البيئية في تحسين الأداء المالي والبيئي في آن واحد، الذي يسعى إلى تعزيز المعلومات الكمية والمالية، وإمكانية استخدام هذه المعلومات في تخفيض التكاليف وتحقيق السعر التنافسي وإتخاذ القرارات الإدارية الرشيدة.
وتوصلت الدارسة من خلال الجانب النظري والتطبيقي، بأن تقنية محاسبة تكاليف تدفق المواد (MFCA)  تؤثر بشكل إيجابي على تخفيض التكاليف وترشيد القرارات الإدارية، عند تطبيقه من قبل الشركات الصناعية، وتساعد إدارة الشركات بالمعلومات الملائمة على تكلفة المنتج الإيجابي ومعالجة المنتج السلبي والمواد التالفة والنفايات وإتخاذ القرارات عن تخفيض التكاليف و قرارات التسعير وقرارت الإنتاج، وإمكانية تطبيق تقنية محاسبة تكاليف تدفق المواد (MFCA) في معمل برازيرين للكونكريت الجاهز في زاخو، لما توفره هذه التقنية من معلومات الإقتصادية والبيئية معاً.
وأوصت الدراسة ضرورة إلتزام بتطبيق تقنية محاسبة تكاليف تدفق المواد (MFCA) التي تم إختبارها وتطبيقها على المعمل، لما له من أثر مباشر على تخفيض التكاليف والحد من المنتجات السلبية و دعم الإدارة بالمعلومات التي تساعدها لقرارات الإنتاج الخالي من الفاقد وتقليل التأثيرات البيئية الضارة، وضرورة تشكيل فريق من الكوادرالمالية والفنية في إستخدام تقنيات الحديثة لمحاسبة التكاليف والإدارية، ومنها تقنية (MFCA)، للإستجابة المتغيرات البيئية والتكنولوجية السريعة، وتحقيق الكفاءة الإنتاجية.
Las medidas cautelares innominadas como protección de los derechos de los trabajadores.
Authors: Pérez Medina Andres Gustavo
Published: November 2022

El derecho procesal sin lugar a dudas se erige como un verdadero medio para la garantía de los derechos sustanciales, por ello las medidas cautelares innominadas consagradas en la ley 1564 de 2012 buscan prevenir los efectos adversos de la dilación propia de un proceso judicial otorgando un margen de facultades al juez para asegurar los derechos de las partes en el trascurso de la litis y evitando que la demora de la misma genere perjuicios. De esta manera, las medidas cautelares innominadas serán aplicables dentro del proceso laboral para el resguardo de los derechos del trabajador, todo ello, en consonancia con las normas sustanciales que tienen como finalidad la protección de sus derechos, así se tomara como supuesto jurídico-factico el descuento de aportes a salud del retroactivo pensional.
La población civil en el punto de mira: guerra informativa y manipulación ciudadana. Una aproximación desde el Derecho Internaciona
Authors: Suárez Serrano Chema
Published: November 2022

Las campañas de desinformación se han convertido en una de las herramientas más utilizadas en los modernos conflictos híbridos, que sustituyen el uso de la fuerza convencional por otros medios tecnológicos aunque las consecuencias pueden ser similares. Apuntan a los ciudadanos pero los Estados pagan las consecuencias. Algunas organizaciones internacionales sostienen que vivimos en un estado de guerra informativa, en el que las llamadas noticias falsas (o “fake news”) se han convertido en uno de los métodos más recurrentes para estos conflictos no armados. De hecho, a partir del año 2022 los ciudadanos consumiremos más noticias inventadas que reales, pensadas para dirigir la opinión pública contra sus propias instituciones generalmente alterando la voluntad expresada en las elecciones.  Es un nuevo método de guerra incruenta pero con enormes repercusiones para la estabilidad global, representa un desafío que demanda nuevas respuestas. ¿Hasta qué punto las llamadas noticias falsas ponen el peligro la paz y la seguridad mundial? ¿Conviene introducir una nueva categoría de conflictos no armados? Y la más elemental de todas, ¿estamos en situación de guerra o paz?
Újabb evidenciák és ajánlások a kardiovaszkuláris kockázat lipidológiai, diabetológiai és egyéb endokrin-anyagcsere módon történő csökkentése vonatkozásában
Authors: Bajnok László
Published: November 2022

Az elmúlt években született nagy klinikai vizsgálatok csak erősítették és nem cáfolták, hogy annál jobb minél erélyesebben és minél korábban kezdjük az aterogén koleszterin csökkentését. Ennek ellenére a 2021-es ESC prevenciós irányelv jelentősen visszaveszi a 2019-es ESC/EAS-ajánlás progresszívitását. A HDL protektív hipotézisét viszont inkább cáfolták a friss érdemi vizsgálatok és a halolajjal nyert eredmények is ellentmondásosak. Ígéretes viszont a lipoprotein(a) – Lp(a) –, az angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) fehérje és az apolipoprotein C-III (Apo CIII) innovatív módon történő csökkentése. Bár a nátrium-glükóz kotranszporter-2-gátlók és a glucagonlike peptid-1-agonisták a major kardio- és cerebrovaszkuláris események számát csak szerényen (10-14%-kal) mérséklik, egyéb klinikai – vesére, szívizomra, illetve zsírmájra gyakorolt – hatásaik is fontosak. Az újabb hormon-, vitamin-, vagy ásványianyag-pótlást, illetve súly- vagy húgysavszint-csökkentést célzó gyógyszeres próbálkozások sem igazoltak pozitív hatást.
A hyperurikaemia mint kardiovaszkuláris rizikófaktor és annak befolyásolási lehetőségei
Authors: Gajdán Nikolett , Ábrahám György
Published: November 2022

A kardiovaszkuláris betegségek világszerte és hazánkban is a vezető halálokok között szerepelnek. Kialakulásukban, progressziójukban a „klasszikus” kockázati tényezők mellett mind fokozottabb figyelem irányul a további rizikófaktorokra is. Többségükben még nem eldöntött kérdés, hogy önmagukban is képesek-e hatni a szív-ér rendszeri betegségek kialakulására, azaz „valódi” oki tényezők, vagy emelkedett szintjük „csak” a már kialakult betegséget jelzi, azaz inkább markerek. E körben okkal került mindinkább az érdeklődés középpontjába a húgysav. Szérumszintjének kóros tartományba emelkedése, azaz a hyperurikaemia prevalenciája növekszik és ez más rizikófaktorokkal és a kardiovaszkuláris betegségek kialakulásával és progressziójával is összefüggést mutat. Ennek alapján számos szakértő úgy véli, hogy megalapozottan tekinthető önálló kockázati tényezőnek is. Szerzők bemutatják a húgysavanyagcsere fontosabb elemeit, azokat a mechanizmusokat, amelyek magyarázzák a húgysav „Janus-arcúságát”, hiszen normálszintje a plazma antioxidáns kapacitásának a felét adja. Ismertetik azokat a kísérletes és klinikai adatokat, amelyek alátámasztják a húgysav additív kóroki szerepét a különböző kardiovaszkuláris kórállapotokban. A hyperurikaemia csökkentésére – a nélkülözhetetlen dietetikai alap mellett – hatékony gyógyszeres megoldások állnak rendelkezésre, középpontban a xantin-oxidáz gátlókkal. Mindezek a kardiovaszkuláris betegségek klinikumában is éreztetik kedvező hatásukat, alátámasztva a húgysav kóroki jelentőségét. Összegezve a kísérletes és klinikai adatokat a hyperurikaemiát megalapozottan tekinthetjük olyan szív- és érrendszeri kockázati tényezőnek, amelynek időben történő kezelésével, joggal remélhetünk preventív hatást, illetve a már manifesztálódott kórállapotok progressziójának lassulását.
In silico Evaluation of the Thr58-associated Conserved Water with KRAS Switch-II Pocket Binders
Authors: Leini Renne , Pantsar Tatu
Published: November 2022

The KRAS switch-II pocket (SII-P) has proven to be one of the most successful tools for targeting KRAS with small-molecules to date. This has been demonstrated with several KRAS(G12C) targeting covalent inhibitors, already resulting in one FDA-approved drug. Several earlier stage compounds have been also reported to engage KRAS SII-P with other position 12 mutants, including G12D, G12S and G12R. A highly conserved water molecule exists in the KRAS SII-P, linking the Thr58 of switch-II and Gly10 of beta1-sheet. This conserved water is also present in the co-crystal structures of most of the disclosed small-molecule inhibitors but is only displaced by a handful of SII-P binders. Here we evaluated the conserved water molecule energetics by the WaterMap for the SII-P binders with publicly disclosed structures and studied the water behavior in the presence of selected inhibitors by microsecond timescale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using two water models (total simulation time of 120 μs). Our data reveals the high-energy nature of this hydration site when co-existing with a SII-P binder, and that there is a preference for a single isolated hydration site in this location within the most advanced compounds. Furthermore, the water displacement is suboptimal and only achieved with a few disclosed compounds. These results suggest that this conserved water should be considered more central when designing new inhibitors, especially in the design of non-covalent inhibitors targeting the SII-P.
Comparative density functional theory studies of Cu clusters
Authors: Love-Nkansah Chasity , Sun Kang , Zhong Chuan-Jian , Averkiev Boris , Truhlar Donald , Wang Lichang
Published: November 2022

The structural and electronic properties of small Cu clusters were studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The Cu clusters consist of up to fifty-five atoms with linear, planar, and three-dimensional structures. Five functionals, the Perdew-Wang 91 form of the generalized gradient approximation (PW91), Perdew-Burk-Ernzerhof functional (PBE), and three Minnesota functionals (M05, M06, and M06-L) were used. The dispersion correction in the format of DFT-D3 was also taken into account to the results of the PBE. The binding energy, average bond length, magnetic moment, and the HOMO-LUMO gap of each cluster were obtained and compared. DFT results for PBE and PW91 are very similar and agree with experimental data well. DFT-D3 corrections have no effect on the stable sequence. The copper clusters are more stable in the planar structure for clusters with n≤6, which agrees with other theoretical studies. In the case of bigger clusters, different DFT methods predicted different most stable structures. As cluster size increases, there was a monotonic decrease in magnetic moment for the odd number of clusters. As the linear cluster size increases, the bond distances between the atoms begin to alternate.
Signatures of the Bromine Atom and Open-Shell Spin-Coupling in the X-ray Spectrum of Bromobenzene Cation
Authors: Epshtein Michael , Tenorio Bruno Nunes Cabral , Vidal Marta L , Scutelnic Valeriu , Yang Zheyue , Xue Tian , Krylov Anna I. , Coriani Sonia , Leone Stephen R.
Published: November 2022

Table-top x-ray spectroscopy measurements at the carbon K-edge complemented by ab initio calculations are used to investigate the influence of the bromine atom on the carbon core-valence transitions in bromobenzene cation (BrBz+). The electronic ground state of the cation is prepared by resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization of neutral bromobenzene (BrBz) and probed by x-rays produced by high-harmonic generation (HHG). Replacing one of the hydrogen atoms in benzene with a bromine atom shifts the transition from the 1sC* orbital of the carbon atom (C*) bonded to bromine by ~1 eV to higher energy in the x-ray spectrum compared to the other carbon atoms (C). The x-ray absorption spectra of neutral BrBz reveals the influence of the bromine atom on the x-ray absorption spectrum due to the 1sC* orbital, while the influence of the bromine atom on the cation spectrum is even more prominent. The x-ray spectrum of the cation is dominated by two relatively intense transitions, the 1sC→ π* and the 1sC*→ σ*(C*-Br), where the second transition is enhanced relative to the neutral BrBz. In addition, a doublet peak shape for these two transitions is observed in the experiment. The 1sC→ π* doublet peak shape arises due to the spin coupling of the unpaired electron in the partially vacant π orbital (from ionization) with the two other unpaired electrons resulting from the transition from the 1sC core orbital to the fully vacant π* orbitals. The 1sC*→ σ* doublet peak shape results from several transitions involving σ* and vibrational C*-Br mode activation following the UV ionization, which demonstrates the impact of the C*-Br bond length on the core-valence transition as well as the relaxation geometry of BrBz+.
Azoiodazinium Salts – Synthesis and Reactivity
Authors: Kuczmera Thomas , Dietz Annalena , Boelke Andreas , Nachtsheim Boris
Published: November 2022

A systematic investigation of imidazo- and pyrazoloiodazinium salts is presented. Besides a robust synthetic protocol that allowed us to synthesize these novel cyclic iodonium salts in their mono- and dicationic forms, we gained in-depth structural information through single-crystal analysis and demonstrate the ring-opening of the heterocycle-bridged iodonium species. For an exclusive set of dicationic imidazoiodaziniums, we show highly delicate post-oxidation functionalizations retaining the hypervalent iodine center.
Hydride-Enhanced Plating and Stripping of Aluminum from Triflate -Based Organic Electrolytes
Authors: Slim Zaher , Menke Erik
Published: November 2022

In the quest for developing rechargeable aluminum (Al) batteries, reversible Al electrodeposition in the absence of active-halide components (haloaluminate complexes such as, Al2Cl7–, AlCl4–, solvated AlCl3, and halide-anions such as, F–, Cl–) is considered an immense challenge. For this reason, the choice of electrolyte has been primarily limited to the highly corrosive chloroaluminate systems based on aluminum trichloride (AlCl3). In this work, we demonstrate reversible room-temperature Al plating from an active-halide-free (AHF) organic electrolyte based on aluminum trifluoromethanesulfonate (Al(OTF)3) and compare it to the AlCl3-based organic electrolytes. Cyclic voltammetry measurements on a gold working electrode reveal oxidative stability of ca. 1.8 V (vs Al/Al3+). From insights obtained by DFT and FTIR, ionic speciation in the electrolyte is explored, and mechanisms for the underlying electrochemical processes in the OTF–-based electrolytes are proposed. Al electrodeposition and stripping were confirmed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. Characterizing the Al deposits from either the OTF–- or the Cl–-based electrolytes via depth-profile X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses, we find that these deposits consist of metallic Al, aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and either aluminum trifluoride (AlF3) or aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) contaminants arising from a reaction with the electrolyte components which occurs during the electrodeposition process.
Çaykara ilçesi (Trabzon, Türkiye) Briyofit Florasına Katkılar
Authors: ERATA Hüseyin , BATAN Nevzat , ÖZEN Öznur
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışmada, Trabzon ili, Çaykara ilçesi briyofit florası detaylı olarak araştırılmıştır. Çalışma alanından 2018 yılının Mayıs ve Temmuz ayları ile 2019 yılının Ekim ayında 14 farklı lokaliteden toplanan briyofit örneklerinin teşhis edilmesi sonucunda, 51 familya ve 96 cinse ait 175 briyofit taksonu tespit edilmiştir. Bu taksonlardan 28’i ciğerotu (13 familya ve 17 cinse ait), 147’si yapraklı karayosunudur (38 familya ve 79 cinse ait). Belirlenen taksonlar içerisinde Cephaloziella rubella (Nees) Warnst A4 karesi için yeni kayıt olarak verilmiştir. Ayrıca, Phionotis rigida Brid. ve Schistidium dupretii (Thér.) W.A.Weber. Trabzon ili için yeni kayıttır. Ek olarak, çalışma alanından tespit edilen 172 briyofit taksonu Çaykara ilçesi için yeni kayıttır.
Examining Effects of Metformin on Live Birth Rate in PCOS-Induced Mice: A Research Protocol
Authors: Bharmal Sidra
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the prevailing endocrinopathy of women of reproductive age. With insulin resistance as a key feature of the disorder, metformin has been observed to improve ovulation induction, anovulatory infertility, and hyperandrogenic symptoms. Some hesitancy to prescribe this medication can be attributed to its possible contribution to pregnancy loss. This research protocol investigates the effect of metformin therapy on live birth rates (LBRs) to deduce its efficacy extending beyond fertility for pregnancy success. Congenital anomalies and birth weights are also evaluated.
Methods: A transgenic C57BL/6 mouse model is adopted using the bovine luteinizing hormone beta subunit (LHβ) gene to induce a high expression of LH and subsequently lead to PCOS-like symptoms. At first anovulation detection, metformin therapy is administered to the experimental mice. At 26 days, artificial insemination is conducted to induce pregnancy. The experimental mice are divided into three sections: the first terminating metformin treatment at fertilization (MetF), the second at the end of the first trimester (MetT1), and the last extending throughout pregnancy (MetT2).
Results: It is hypothesized that MetT2 mice will yield a higher LBR than those without continuous metformin treatment, with the MetF group producing the lowest rate of all mice provided with the drug. Furthermore, the control group should noticeably differ in LBR compared to the experimental group. Congenital anomalies and birth weights are expected to remain unchanged regardless of treatment.
Discussion: The currently available information regarding metformin’s influence on LBR is inconsistent, but it is reasonable to conclude that there will be some improvement. Fetal outcomes have been less explored.
Conclusion: By comparing LBRs, congenital anomalies, and birth weights, this experiment can expose the most advantageous duration of metformin administration. Future directions should include combining with other pharmacological therapies and investigating metformin effects on LBR using different animal models.
The Urban Competitiveness of Southwest Cities in China Based on Factor Analysis
Authors: Sun Xia , Yang Yuan
Published: November 2022

Factor analysis is an important way of data mining which can be performed using MATLAB, Python, and so on. We studied the urban competitiveness of Southwest cities in China using factor analysis. Two factors were extracted among 22 original variables. The factor score of cities was obtained using Python and were classified into three categories: Chongqing, Chengdu, Kunming and Guiyang are the first-tier cities; Baoshan, Pu’er, Lincang and Lijiang cities are of the lowest tier; the remaining cities belong to the second tier.
Exploration and Practice of Ideological and Political Education in Investment Course
Authors: Wang Lina
Published: November 2022

Taking the reform of the specialized curriculum of Investment Course as an example, this paper proposes that the education law should be followed and dual education goals of professional knowledge and curriculum ideology and politics should be set up. The article first analyzes the current situation of ideological and political reform of college courses, then puts forward the goal and realization path of ideological and political reform of investment course based on the characteristics of investment courses and college students.
Oral Loading of Phenobarbital to Achieve Therapeutic Effects in Pediatric Patients with Acute Repetitive Seizures
Authors: Fronda Jemima Grace D , Villaluz Mel Michel G. , Cruz-Urbi Cristina M.
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Intravenous phenobarbital has not been available at our institution since 2019. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of oral phenobarbital loading at a dose of 15 to 20 mg/kg to achieve therapeutic serum levels and clinical seizure control in pediatric patients with acute repetitive seizures.Methods: This is a retrospective single-center review of the medical records of pediatric patients admitted for acute repetitive seizures (from January 2019 to June 2022) at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center who were given an oral phenobarbital loading dose of 15 to 20 mg/kg with serum level measurements taken within 48 hours after oral loading. Results: Eleven patients were given a single oral phenobarbital loading dose of 15 to 20 mg/kg, while 14 were given two doses of 10 mg/kg 12 hours apart. All 25 patients achieved therapeutic serum levels within 48 hours post-loading. Higher serum levels were seen at 48 hours (median, 19.8 μg/mL at 24 hours vs. 24.4 μg/mL at 48 hours). This difference was statistically significant at 5% (P=0.023), and the majority achieved adequate seizure control without requiring additional anti-seizure medications (76%). Transient drowsiness was the most commonly documented adverse effect. Conclusion: Oral loading of phenobarbital at a dose of 15 to 20 mg/kg given as a single dose or in two divided doses is an effective and safe alternative to achieve therapeutic serum levels and adequate clinical seizure control at 24 hours post-loading. This may be a promising and useful intervention at centers without available intravenous phenobarbital.