bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soluble NKG2D Ligands Impair CD8+ T Cell Anti-Tumor Function Dependent Of NKG2D Downregulation In The Neuroblastoma
Authors: Zhang Yi , Luo Feifei , Dong Kuiran
Published: February 2022

T cell-based immunotherapy has achieved remarkable clinical outcomes, but it is still restrained by the tumor-induced immunosuppression. Tumor-derived NKG2D ligands are one of the immunosuppression factors, which allow tumor cells to escape from the immunologic surveillance. However, the underlying mechanisms of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DL)-mediated immune evasion are not fully understood, especially in neuroblastoma. In this study, we firstly found the significant up-regulation of the soluble NKG2DL sMICA/B and sULBP2 in the serum of neuroblastoma patients, which was mainly derived from neuroblastoma tumor cells and shed by ADAM10 and ADAM17. Furthermore, sNKG2DLs expression levels were negatively correlated with the immunosuppressive microenvironment and poor prognosis. Tumor-derived sNKG2DL induced degradation of NKG2D on CD8+ T cells and impaired CD8+ T cell proliferation, IFN-γ production, and CD107a translocation. More importantly, the blockade of tumor-derived sNKG2DLs recuperates anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T cell. Thus, our data uncover a novel neuroblastoma-induced immunosuppression, and offer a promising strategy to recover T-cell function and enhance anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Discovering hair biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease using high resolution mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics
Authors: Liao Pao-Chi , Chang Chih-Wei , Li Shih-Wen , Sung Pi-Shan , Wang Ru-Hsueh , Wu Chih-Hsing , Chen Yuan-Chi
Published: February 2022

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common and progressive neurodegenerative disorder related to cognitive impairments that generally include deficits in short-term memory. Hair may be a potential biospecimen for AD biomarker discovery since it reflects the integral metabolic profiles of body burden over several months. Here, we discovered hair biomarkers in hair that differentiate AD patients from cognitively healthy controls using a high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)-based untargeted metabolomics approach.Methods: An HRMS-based untargeted metabolomics approach was used to discover the potential AD biomarker candidates in hair samples from 24 AD patients (including n = 14, 7, and 3, with CDR scores of 0.5, 1, and 2, respectively) and 24 age- and sex-matched cognitively healthy controls. The hair samples were collected 0.1-cm away from the scalp and further cut into 3-cm segments. Hair metabolites were extracted by ultrasonication with methanol/phosphate-buffered saline 50/50 (v/v) for 4 hours. We assessed metabolic biomarker to distinguish between AD and controls with Student’s t test, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: Statistically significant changes in 61 peak features in hair between the patients with AD and cognitively healthy controls were discovered, of which 25 were identified to have chemical structures. The levels of nine metabolites, including acetyl-L-carnitine, propionylcarnitine, butyrylcarnitine, O-valeroyl-L-carnitine, PC (16:0/0:0), LPC 18:1, piperine, hydroxyprolyl-leucine, and 6-O-methylnorlaudanosoline, were significantly lower in patients with questionable AD (CDR score of 0.5) than in cognitively healthy controls (p < 0.01). ROC curves were constructed to evaluate the performance of the nine metabolites combined into a metabolic marker panel for distinguishing patients with questionable AD from cognitively healthy controls, in which the sensitivity and specificity were 86% and 71%, respectively, and the AUC value was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.72~0.97), indicating high potential for the initiation of AD dementia.Conclusions: Nine metabolites may be used as biomarkers for the early detection of AD dementia or therapeutic development after validation in a larger cohort. The present study suggested that the hair metabolome can be used to reveal metabolic perturbations for biomarker discovery and may lead to the development of a sensitive diagnostic tool for AD.
Charismatic leadership to overcome employee resistance to organisational change process
Authors: Awamleh Fawwaz Tawfiq
Published: February 2022

Background: Charismatic leaders play a crucial role in the organisational change process. This is due to their unique relationship with followers. The current theories of charismatic leadership mainly emphasises on the leader’s personality, behaviour and its impact on social change. There is a gap, however, in explaining the role that leader/follower interaction plays on the organisational change process. This study aims to propose a theoretical model to explore how charismatic leadership style can overcome the employee resistance to organisational change process. Method: A qualitative method is used in a case study based on “Amman International Airport” where a charismatic leadership style is observed in defending the organization’s position in overcoming employee resistance against the chosen organizational change. Results: The results suggest that charismatic leaders employ a set of coherent communication strategies in bringing up change in organisations and on the control of individuals and groups. Conclusion: Understanding the role of charismatic characteristics and features of leadership style gives us important insights into the role of the charismatic leader as well as his influence on his followers and their perceptions. Perhaps more importantly, it helps us understand how leaders can use, or at least take advantage of, organizational change processes and control of individuals and groups.
Analysis of Factors of Parallelism and their Impact on Dense Algebra Problems
Authors: Shrawankar Urmila
Published: February 2022

In multi-core systems, various factors like inter-process communication, dependency, resource sharing and scheduling, level of parallelism, synchronization, number of available cores etc. influence the extent of possible parallelization. These parameters of parallelism and the problems of parallelization of mathematical computations on parallel systems as well as the optimal way of parallelizing the mathematical computations. This paper emphasizes on the inter-relationship among the above mentioned parameters of parallelism and their role in Dense Linear Algebra (DLA) problems. The concept of basic parallelism addresses the issue of Thread Level Parallelism (TLP), Instruction Level Parallelism (ILP) and their inter-relation as well as the role of synchronization and dependency management. Affinity based scheduling and gang scheduling are referred for dealing with the idea of adaptive scheduling in multicore dynamic systems. Data structure of Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) is used for depicting dependency among tasks before attempting parallelism. Fork join modelling is emphasized on for simplification of task dependency and sorting out parallelizable sections of considered problems. The DLA problems of Matrix Multiplication and integral calculation are considered for the above task. The comparative analysis of results obtained clarifies the trade-off between serial and parallel execution of DLA problems.
Students’ Awareness of E-waste and Its Disposal Practices: a Conceptual Framework
Authors: Adeel Sultan , Nayab Anam , Qureshi Moeez Ullah , Channa Khalil Ahmed
Published: February 2022

An exponential increase in technology consumption at an individual level boosted e-waste generation. Pakistan is among a few countries generating and receiving enormous e-waste, thus positing a threat to our future generations. A review of recent studies also suggested a dire need to explore e-waste awareness and its disposal practices to design policies for avoiding the most likely threat to human and environmental health. To this end, we explored consumer awareness of e-waste and noticeable factors hindering the disposal of laptops, personal computers, and mobiles. The study used the qualitative research approach and non-probability sampling. We collected data through four Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with students of a Pakistani university. After data saturation, we developed themes from FGDs and points jotted down in the self-memos. We found computer sciences and engineering students with better awareness than other students. The factors hindering e-waste disposal were lower monetary benefits for disposing of, breach of sensitive information, nostalgic association with devices, and non-availability of disposal facilities. Other variables like lower resale value and high family sharing increased the storage of e-devices and curbed e-waste disposal. The research is among a few initial attempts to explore e-waste awareness and factors hindering disposal behavior in e-waste receiving countries (e.g., Pakistan) and provides evidence from students who are the primary users. Our findings are crucial for policymakers and tech companies to take corrective actions, introduce monetary benefits, and secure disposal facilities to increase e-waste disposal.
Comparative Studies of Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Models as Screening Tools for Women in Low -and Middle-income Societies
Authors: Danladi Ceasar Dubor , Serakinci Nedime
Published: February 2022

Background
Early detection of breast cancer alters the prognosis and tools that can predict the risk for breast cancer in women will have a significant impact on health care systems in low -and middle-income regions.
Objective
We compared the performances of the Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm (BOADICEA) model, International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (IBIS) model and Gail model in predicting the risk of breast cancer in the women of North Cyprus.
Methods
655 women were enrolled in the study consisting of 318 breast cancer cases and 337 hospital-based controls. Data were obtained from medical records and one-on-one interviews after informed consent.
Results
From the receiver operating curves (ROC) the models AUCs were 0.81(95%C.I = 0.77–0.84) for BOADICEA, IBIS 0.80(95%C.I = 0.77–0.84) and Gail 0.76(95%C.I = 0.73–0.80) respectively.
Conclusions
The studied breast cancer risk prediction models are suitable, simple, cost-effective, and non-invasive tools for identifying high-risk women from low- and middle-income regions that can benefit from mammography screening. There were similar performances amongst the models, at a closer look the BOADICEA and IBIS models performed slightly better.
A machine learning framework for discovery and enrichment of metagenomics metadata from open access publications
Authors: Nassar Maaly , Rogers Alexander B. , Talo' Francesco , Sanchez Santiago , Shafique Zunaira , Finn Robert D. , McEntyre Johanna
Published: February 2022

Metagenomics is a culture-independent method for studying the microbes inhabiting a particular environment. Comparing the composition of samples (functionally/taxonomically), either from a longitudinal study or cross-sectional studies can provide clues into how the microbiota has adapted to the environment. However, a recurring challenge, especially when comparing results between independent studies, is that key metadata about the sample and molecular methods used to extract and sequence the genetic material are often missing from sequence records, making it difficult to account for confounding factors. Nevertheless, this missing metadata may be found in the narrative of publications describing the research. Here, we describe a machine learning framework that automatically extracts essential metadata for a wide range of metagenomics studies from the literature contained in Europe PMC. This framework has enabled the extraction of metadata from 114,099 publications in Europe PMC, including 19,900 publications describing metagenomics studies in ENA and MGnify.
A Three-Dimensional Visualization of the Full-Field Surgical Region Based on Thin-Slice MRI: an Elegant Approach for Simultaneously Guiding Tumor Resection and Perforator Flap Elevation.
Authors: Han Yan , Cui Lei , Jiang Weiqian , Zhang Dekang , Wang Gaofei , Han Yudi , Pu Wenwen , Shao Yan , Tao Ran , Guo Lingli
Published: February 2022

Background: The goal of the current study was to explore the application of preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction (3DR) based on thin-slice magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the simultaneous guidance of tumor en bloc resection and adjacent perforator flap elevation. Methods: The prospective cohort included 35 patients diagnosed with either soft tissue sarcoma or squamous cell skin cancer between 2019 and 2021. The preoperative 3DR based on thin-slice MRI illustrated the spatial anatomical relationship among the tumor, underlying muscle, adjacent perforator vessels, and bone around the surgical region. The accuracy of preoperative imaging data was verified by intraoperative vessel dissection and postoperative pathological measurements.Results: Tumor size from 3DR data showed relatively high concordance rates with pathological measurements within the 95 % limits of agreement. An average of 3 perforators (range: 1, 7) with a mean diameter of 0.32 cm (range: 0.18, 0.74 cm) from the 3DR were present in our study. The average distance between tumor boundary and perforator piercing sites on the 3DR was 2.2 cm (range: 1.2, 7.7 cm). The average length of artery perforator coursing along the subcutaneous tissue was 5.8 cm (range: 3.3, 25.1 cm). The mean flap harvest time was 55 minutes (range: 36, 97 min). The average flap size was 92.2 cm2 (range:32-126 cm2). 1 perforator flap occurred distal partial necrosis.Conclusion: A thorough understanding of anatomical structures in the surgical region according to full-field 3DR based on thin-slice MRI can improve the performance of tumor radical resection and adjacent perforator flap transfer, especially for junior surgeons with poor experience.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100050174. Registered 18 August 2021-retrospectively registered, https://www.chictr.org.cn/ ChiCTR2100050174
Patient feedback on their cancer care experiences analyzed using the Cancer Experience Measurement Framework
Authors: Bourque Michaela Ann , Loiselle Carmen
Published: February 2022

Background: Recent advances in research on patient experiences with cancer underscore the importance of proactively seeking feedback from users of cancer care services. Methods: The present study administered the Ambulatory Oncology Patient Satisfaction Survey (AOPSS) with 7,885 questionnaire packets mailed out to potential participants. 3,279 completed surveys were returned and 692 of these contained feedback to an open-ended question about patients’ perceptions of the cancer care they had received within the last 6 months since diagnosis. Results: Using the Cancer Experience Measurement Framework (CEMF) to guide the in-depth thematic analysis of patient feedback, 19 key themes emerged, some of which include: treatment setting, time, location, service availability, perceived appropriateness, personnel or specialists involved, patient preferences, information/education, continuity/transition of care, coordination of care, access to care, wait times, access to emergency rooms, and intensive care unit visits. Conclusions: Findings suggest that patient’s dissatisfaction is heightened in settings high in perceived disorganization. Participants suggest that improving wait times in both ambulatory and emergency settings, in addition to ensuring smooth access and coordination of care both intra- and inter-organization cancer care services across the illness trajectory is necessary for creating a more person-centred care experience. These findings are timely as they underscore how informative patient voices are to ensure that cancer settings provide quality, timely, and personalized care that patients have come to expect.
Be part, play the game!
Authors: Leeker Martina
Published: February 2022

Im Text wird der Zustand von Bildung in digitalen Kulturen aus der Konstitution von Kritik in diesen hergeleitet. Auffällig wird dabei eine ‹posthumane› Wende, denn eine automatische ‹Daten-Kritik› unterläuft die Vorstellung, dass Kritikfähigkeit allein Menschen vorbehalten sei. Zudem drängt Kritik – statt Distanznahme und Reflexion zu gewährleisten – als Exzess zur Immersion in technologische Umwelten. Diese Funktionen werden als Verweis auf eine paradoxale Aufgabe von Kritik in digitalen Kulturen gelesen: die Erzeugung von Unmittelbarkeit in ungleichen techno-humanen ‹Ko-Operationen›. Dieser Umstand wird zum Anlass genommen, die Untersuchung aktueller sowie historischer Ausprägungen von Kritik medienwissenschaftlich tieferzulegen. Sie erscheinen nun als Kulturtechnik zur operativen Vermittlung von Differenzen und Lücken, die ob der unterschiedlichen Konstitution von menschlicher und technischer Welterfassung und -verarbeitung in medientechnologischen Verhältnissen immer vorhanden sind. ‹Digitale Kritik› überwindet die Differenzen, indem diese schlicht zum Zweck optimaler Konnektivierung an technische Umwelten ausgeblendet werden. In diesem Kontext wird auch Bildung als Anpassung an Medienkulturen lesbar. Anstelle von Kritik und vermeintlich emanzipatorischen humanistischen Bildungszielen werden deshalb medienwissenschaftlich informierte ‹Kulturen der operativen Vermittlung› als ‹posthumane Bildung› in digitalen Kulturen vorgeschlagen, bestehend aus: (1) einem diskursanalytischen Zugang zu Bildung, (2) ‹Daten-Bildung›, (3) einem Training für ein engagiert-zauderndes Mitspielen in techno-humanen Performances.
Effects of Growing Substrate, Mode of Nutrient Supply, and Saffron Corm Size on Flowering, Growth, Photosynthetic Competence, and Cormlet Formation in Hydroponics
Authors: Dewir Yaser Hassan , Alsadon Abdullah , Ibrahim Abdullah , El-Mahrouk Mohammed
Published: February 2022

Hydroponics is a promising method for cultivation of saffron (Crocus sativus). In this study, saffron corms were sprouted using a gradual decrease in air temperature, and they were cultivated hydroponically in either perlite or volcanic rock for 24 weeks. A nutrient solution was supplied using either an ebb-and-flow system or continuous immersion. First blooming was observed 29 days after transplantation. Among flowering traits, only the stigma length was significantly influenced by the type of hydroponic system. Saffron plants displayed better growth parameters, a higher photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance (gS), as well as daughter corm (cormlet) production under the continuous immersion system, in comparison with the ebb-and-flow system. Small corms (22–25 mm diameter) did not bloom, and the emergence of flowers increased with corm size. Plant growth and photosynthetic parameters, as well as cormlet production, significantly increased with corm size. We obtained the highest stigma yield [number of flowers (1.9), stigma length (39.4 mm), stigma fresh (42.8 mg), and dry weight (5.3 mg)] and cormlet yield [number of cormlets (5.7), average corm diameter (25 mm), and fresh weight (6.4 g)] using mother corms sized ≥32 mm diameter grown hydroponically in the volcanic rock–based continuous immersion system.
Plastic Mulch and In-row Spacing Effects on Sweetpotato Yield in Northwest Washington
Authors: Shrestha Srijana , Miles Carol
Published: February 2022

Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) production in the northern United States is limited due to the perceived barriers of a short growing season and relatively cool summer temperatures, yet recent studies have shown yield in northern regions can be greater than the national average when sweetpotatoes are grown with plastic mulch. A study was conducted in northwest Washington to evaluate the productivity of ‘Covington’ sweetpotato with polyethylene (PE) and soil-biodegradable (BDM) mulches and different in-row spacings (20, 30, and 38 cm) in 2019, and to test accessions resistant to wireworm (Agriotes sp. and Limonius sp.) in 2020. In 2019, slips were shipped from North Carolina, and after 4 days in transit, 60% to 70% died after transplanting in the field. By the end of the season, BDM deterioration reached 11% compared with 0.4% for PE mulch, but there were no differences due to mulch in plant establishment, growth, yield, or the proportion of storage roots damaged by wireworm. Total storage root yield was 22 t⋅ha−1 with PE mulch and 15 t⋅ha−1 with BDM. Percent canopy cover was greatest at 20-cm spacing later in the growing season, likely due to intermingling of vines from adjacent plants, whereas high percent canopy cover at 38-cm spacing was likely due to increased production of secondary vines per plant. Total yield was greatest with 20-cm plant spacing (20.4 t⋅ha−1), intermediate with 30-cm spacing (18.0 t⋅ha−1), and lowest with 38-cm spacing (17.0 t⋅ha−1). In contrast, the greatest number of storage roots per plant was produced with 38-cm plant spacing (3.4). There were more jumbo sweetpotatoes produced with PE mulch (3.4 t⋅ha−1) and with 30-cm spacing (3 t⋅ha−1), and the weight of U.S. No. 2 grade sweetpotatoes was greatest at 20-cm spacing (10.2 t⋅ha−1). Soil temperature was increased by 3 °C under the PE mulch and 2 °C under the BDM compared with bare ground. However, 98% of storage roots were observed to be severely damaged by wireworm in 2019, with more than 10 to 20 holes per storage root. For wireworm-resistant accessions in 2020, 16% of the storage roots were damaged by wireworm, with 1.7 to 4.0 holes per storage root. Total yield of accessions PI 666141 and 04-791 (45.5 t⋅ha−1 on average) was greater than the national average (24.7 t⋅ha−1). Overall, sweetpotatoes appear to be suitable for production in northwest Washington, but low yield in 2019 highlights the importance of healthy slips for successful production. Future research should evaluate cultivars with maximum adaptation to the region, techniques to reduce wireworm damage including genetic resistance, and the economics of producing sweetpotatoes in northern regions.
The Value of Cutting Seton for High Transsphincteric Anal Fistula in the Era of Its Misery
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Kassala Police Hospital, Kassala, Sudan, Elnaim Ali Abdel Latif Khalifa , Wong Michael Pak-Kai ,   Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Sagap Ismail ,   Department of Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: February 2022

Objectives: We studied the outcome of cutting seton in the treatment of a high transsphincteric anal fistula in Sudan. Methods: This was a prospective study of high transsphincteric anal fistulas at Kassala Police Hospital, Sudan, over the course of 24 months (2016–2017). The main outcomes measured were recurrence, incontinence and primary healing rates. Results: The cases of 72 patients treated with cutting seton for high transsphincteric fistula were analysed, with 50 (70%) of the patients being male and 22 (30%) being female. Forty-eight (66.7%) patients required two sessions of seton tightening with a duration of seton treatment of 30 days and 24 (33.3%) patients required three sessions with a duration of seton treatment of 45 days. Only one patient (1.4%) had flatus incontinence. Three (4.2%) patients had minimal bleeding from the seton site and two (2.8%) patients experienced fistula recurrence. Twenty-six (36%) patients achieved complete healing within 30 days, while 36 (54.3%) patients healed within 60 days. The remaining seven (9.7%) patients healed after 60 days. Chronic pain was reported by two (2.8%) patients after complete healing. Conclusion: In Sudan, cutting seton remains relevant, as it produces minimal incontinence with a low recurrence rate in high transsphincteric fistula treatment.
The effect of salinity stress on germination parameters in Satureja thymbra L. (Lamiaceae)
Authors: ÖZ Ummahan
Published: February 2022

Salinity is an important problem all over the world. The destructive effect of salinity is observed from the seed germination stage. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of salinity on seed germination of the medically important Satureja thymbra L., whether pre-treatments are a factor in breaking the salinity stress, and to determine the level of salinity tolerance of this species. In the research, firstly, the seeds were exposed to two pre-treatments (80°C (5 minutes) + 10 ppm GA3 (24 hours), 80°C (5 minutes) + 100 ppm GA3 (24 hours)) and then 8 different NaCl concentrations (0.1 g/l, 1 g/l, 2.5 g/l, 5 g/l, 7.5 g/l,10 g/l, 15 g/l and 30 g/l) were tried. Germination seeds were counted every day and the effects of salinity on germination characteristics were investigated. The highest germination percentage (90%) was obtained at 0.1 g/l NaCl after 80°C (5 min.) + 100 ppm GA3 (24 h.) pre-treatment. The results showed that the effect of salinity was significant on germination parameters in p < 0.05. Obtained results showed that the highest NaCl concentration at which Satureja thymbra seed could germinate was 10 g/l.
Inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase and toxicity analysis of some medicinal plants
Authors: DİKEN Mehmet Emin , YILMAZ Begümhan
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to analyse the inhibition of different extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis, Pistacia terebinthus and Sideritis dichotoma on acetylcholinesterase enzyme of Drosophila melanogaster. Additionally, the biological features including antioxidant activity, phenolic contents, antibacterial effects and in vivo toxicities were identified using radical scavenging, Folin-Ciocalteu, disc diffusion methods, and larval (eclosion) assay using Drosophila, respectively. Also, GC-MS was used to determine of the terpene-derivative compositions of the plants. IC50 values on acetylcholinesterase were determined between 0.57±0.02-2.54±0.11µg µL-1 for ethanol, 0.86±0.05-2.19±0.15µg µL-1 for methanol and 1.98±0.13-4.76±0.24µg µL-1 for water extracts. Inhibition types of Rosmarinus, Pistacia and Sideritis were uncompetitive, competitive and competitive, respectively. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were between 77.87±1.72-96.94±1.84% against DPPH and 90.57±2.18-98.18±2.36% against ABTS+ radicals. GC/MS results showed that carvacrol and thymol were the major monoterpenes of Pistacia and Sideritis, while limonene and borneol were the main monoterpenes of Rosmarinus. The strongest antibacterial activities were observed with Rosmarinus and Sideritis against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively with an inhibition zone larger than 15 mm. According to the in vivo toxicity study, all extracts were found non-toxic to Drosophila, and they ameliorated H2O2 induced decrease of puparation, survival rate and eclosion values.
Evaluasi Kebergunaan (Usability) dan Rekomendasi Penggunaan Google Classroom untuk Blended Learning di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Priyadi Agus , Sediyono Eko , Purnomo Hindriyanto Dwi
Published: February 2022

The google classroom application is a virtual classroom mixed with real classes in education where the distribution of material and lecture assignments can be done by teachers and students without using paper or paperless. Interaction between teachers and students is done interactively online. The use of the google classroom application as a teaching tool has only been implemented at XYZ college, so usability testing is needed in the use of google classroom. Testing the usability level of Google Classroom is really needed to evaluate and get recommendations about using the Google Classroom application. The method used in this study is the USE (Usefullness, Satisfaction and Ease of Use) Questionnaire and Cognitive Walkthrough (CW) used in the google classroom usability test. USE stands for Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use. Ease of use factors can be divided into two, namely Ease of Learning and Ease of Use. The USE test involved all XYZ college students, totaling 213 respondents. Ten respondents within certain criteria were selected by purposive sampling technique to test the usefulness of using the cognitive walkthrough (CW) method. The overall assessment of the usefulness factor with a mean value of 3.95 is included in the "Good" rating range. Overall, the satisfaction factor value of 4.01 is included in the "Good" rating range. Overall, the assessment of the Ease of use indicator with a mean of 4.22 is included in the "Good" rating range. The cognitive walkthrough (CW) method produces several recommendations that can be utilized by XYZ universities in implementing blended learning using google classroom. The usability factor with various features offered by Google Classroom is quite high because it can provide convenience in its use to support lecture activities at XYZ College
PROTEIN SEQUENCING AND DRUG DISCOVERY BY USING A HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING ASSAY
Authors: Roy Suvadip
Published: February 2022

This topic explains to us the technique of drug discovery. In this we take a protein sample which under-go sequencing forcers by using either with chemical and chromatography process or by mass spectroscopy which gives us the detailed information of monomeric amino acid groping or sequencing. After this the protein sample undergoes crystallization for the X-ray crystallography this helps to know about the 3D structure of the protein. By getting the information of protein we can now perform the high throughput screening which is an interrogation of more than 10,000 compounds that have a drug life property. High throughput screening is a fully automatic process in which with the help of advanced technology and robotics helps to test many compounds from compounds library at the same time. In this, we learn about protein sequencing, mass spectroscopy, HPLC, TLC, X-Ray crystallography, high throughput screening (HTS), and the phenomena of drug discovery.
PREVALENCE OF THUMB PROBLEMS IN THE PHYSICAL THERAPISTS OF ALEXANDRIA-EGYPT
Authors:   Physical Therapist at Rashid Public Hospital Elbehira Egypt., M. Sheiha Sarah , Chabara Abdelrahman ,   Professor at Department Of Physical Therapy For Musculoskeletal Disorders And Its Surgery, Faculty Of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt., H. Azzam Ahmad ,   Professor at Department Of Orthopaedic Surgery And Traumatology, Faculty Of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt., Ghuiba Karim ,   Lecturer at Department Of Physical Therapy For Musculoskeletal Disorders And Its Surgery, Faculty Of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Published: February 2022

Background: Work-related injuries to the thumb area have become a well-recognized problem of physical therapists that use various manual techniques in the treatment of patients with musculoskeletal disorders, which can lead to a change in the conduct of treatment technique, changes in the choice of treatment technique, reduction in working hours. , Reduction in the number of patients treated. Objective: To determine the prevalence of thumb problem in physical therapists of Alexandria-Egypt. Study Design: a descriptive, cross-sectional study in a clinical setting Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at different physical therapy clinical setups of Alexandria-Egypt. To collect data from the concerned participants, 100 questionnaires were distributed using convenience sampling. All participants responded positively, in which 65 were male and 35 were female. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure the pain. Quick DASH to measure functional disability, Pinch gague to measure thumb power. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: Results showed that 48(48%) subjects have thumb pain while 52(52%) do not experience thumb pain. Onehundred physical therapists participated in this study. They recruited from different hospitals and health care institutions in Alexandria-Egypt , age of the study group was 29.82 Â± 3.02 years with a minimum of 27 years and a maximum of 42 years. Conclusion: The prevalence of thumb problems in physical therapist of Alexandria-Egypt appears to be high and can be of sufficient severity to impact on careers.
COMPARATIVE REACTIVITY OF ORGANIC MATTER DURING HYDROPYROLYSIS OF OIL SHALE EFFECT OF SEDIMENTATION CLIMATE
Authors:   Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Casablanca University Hassan IIMorocco., Hafsaa Ouajih , Abdeljabbar Attaoui ,   Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Casablanca University Hassan IIMorocco.
Published: February 2022

The thermogravimetric analysis during the hydrotreatment in dynamic regime of the organic matter for Tarfayas oil shale of the different layers and the layer M of Timahdit was the object of this study, several results obtained allowed us to describe this energetic matter of non-estimable value that it is to extract the matter or to use it as fuel. By processing the curves in TG, DTG=f(Tmax) and their surfaces we were able to show that the concentration of mineral and organic matter and the climate of the sedimentation have a great influence on the reactivity of the organic matter. The Z4 layer (Cenomanian) was the most reactive layer, the Z3 layer (Turonian) being the most concentrated in light organic matter. These two layers were the subject of in situ pyrolysis.Hydrogen also plays a very important role in the reaction, it decreases the difference of the maximum temperature of the DTG peaks, as it is the case between the Z4 layer and the M layer of Timahdit, this difference goes from 60Â°C (under nitrogen) to 8Â°C (under H2) due to its reactivity.
ADRENOLEUKODYTROPHY IN MOROCCAN CHILD: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Service De Pediatrie, Hopital Universitaire Cheikh Khalifa Ibn Zaid Casablanca., Almiaadi H. , Chekhlabi N. ,   Service De Pediatrie, Hopital Universitaire Cheikh Khalifa Ibn Zaid Casablanca., Dini N. ,   Service De Pediatrie, Hopital Universitaire Cheikh Khalifa Ibn Zaid Casablanca.
Published: February 2022

A boy of 10 years was admitted in our hospital for recurrent generalized seizures, spastic tetraparesis.A gradual impairment of vision and abnormal behaviors noticed for last 3 years. His family history find an uncle (motherÂ’s brother) deceaded at the age of 6 years without a stated diagnosis, examination finding revealed generalized hyperpimentation more marked on lips and finger nails.Neurogical examination find spastic tetraparesis, deep tendon reflexes were brisk and pupils were roud and reacting to light.Fundoscopic examination note bilateral primary optic atrophy, his cardiovascular, respiratory and abdominal systems were clinically normal. All routine investigations revealed normal finding exception biochemical features (very high ACTH level, Low basal cortisol), of primary adrenal failure. MRI of the head showed bilateral white matter abnormalities in parieto-occipital regions. The diagnosis of adrenoleukodystrophy was strongly suggested from the medical history, biochemical and radiological findings of brain. The purpose of our report case is to highlight this rare disease to all, because its progress can be delayed with early diagnosis and itÂ’s incidence can be reduced by genetic counseling.
A LATTICEDYNAMICALSTUDY OF COBALTBASEDONTHE MORSE POTENTIAL
Authors:   Department of Physics D.S.N. College Unnao., Srivastava Pawan
Published: February 2022

The present investigation used modified Morse potential to explain the lattice dynamical behaviour of cobalt. This study finds better agreement between experimental and theoretical results. These findings have been compared with other studies.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME MODIFIED NATURAL NANOCOMPOSITE POLYMERS AND STUDY THEIR THERMAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Authors:   Chemistry Department, College Of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq., Hassan Thamir Karrar , A.Al-Mayyahi Baqer ,   Chemistry Department, College Of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
Published: February 2022

Dextrin, tannic acid and different proportions of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used to prepare novel materials. The functional and morphological characterization of the prepared nanocomposites was carried out by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The mechanical strength (Impact,compressing, hardness, and swelling behavior) of composite were evaluated. The thermal stability of composites was evaluated. The addition of AgNPs to the polymer blend matrix improves the physicochemical of the matrix. Due to the cross-linking motion of AgNPs, it is found that the swelling degree slightly decrease. The composite containing AgNPs becomes effective in increasing thermal stability.
PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS ON SELF-EFFICACY IN TECHNOLOGY BASED TEACHING
Authors:   Research Fellow, Ramakrishna Mission Sikshanamandira., Kumar Sahana Chandan , Tattwasarananda Swami ,   Professor, Ramakrishna Mission Sikshanamandira.
Published: February 2022

Self-efficacy is one of the innate and integral qualities of teacher for effective teaching. Now-a-days technology based teaching is an inseparable part for effective learning. Thats why teachers need to develop the skill of ICT based teaching and they also must have the quality of self-efficacy. By employing Descriptive Survey research design, the present study aimed in comparing prospective teachers perceptions on self-efficacy in technology based teaching on the basis Arts stream and Science Stream and course of the study (1st year and Final year). 100 prospective teachers were selected as sample by employing random sampling method. Data were collected by using standardised tool & collected data were analysed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 20. The notable findings of the study were that both hypotheses were rejected.
EVALUATION OF PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTIC OF CERVICAL AND VAGINAL PAP SMEARS - A THREE YEAR STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF EASTERN INDIA
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, Gujarat, India., Kumar Inaniya Kailash , Mayur Chitroda Sonal ,   Assistant Professor, CAM institute of Allied Health Science & Technology, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, Gujarat, India., Patel Ankita ,   PG student, Smt. L.P. Patel Institute of MLT, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, Gujarat, India.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Cervical cancer is an increasing health problem and an important cause of mortality in women worldwide. Aims & objective: The present study aimed to evaluate cervical and vaginal smears for cervical screening and to categorize the age and pattern of Pap smear abnormalities in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: It is a prospective retrospective study that includes Pap smear results of 3871 women who visited the gynaecology department for routine health check-up or for screening any pathological abnormalities found between January 2017 and December 2019. All the Pap smear results were retrieved and analysed to evaluate abnormal cervical findings with age distribution, site of collection, and epithelial cell abnormalities. Results: Out of 3871 smears, 3026 (78.17%) smears were collected from cervix and 845 (21.83%) smears were collected from vault. The mean age of women was 49.76 Ã‚Â±12.57 years. 173 smears (4.46%) were found unsatisfactory or inadequate for evaluation. 2723 smears (70.36%) showed inflammation, 130 smears (3.35%) showed candida infection, 717 smears (18.52%) showed bacterial vaginosis, 20 smears (0.51%) showed trichomonas vaginalis and 20 smears (0.51%) were diagnosed with epithelial cell abnormalities. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that smear positivity of intraepithelial lesions has to be co-related with histopathology for further management. Early diagnosis of cervical cancer is possible with Pap smear test. The Pap smear is very useful, economical and simple tool in identifying the abnormalities even in asymptomatic women.
APPLICATION OF FIXED POINT THEOREM FOR DIGITAL IMAGES
Authors:   Thakur Shyamnarayan Degree College, Mumbai University, Maharashtra., Pal Rita
Published: February 2022

In this research paper, we prove some fixed point theorems for digital images. The papers main goal is to present another generalisation of the well-known Banach contraction principle for digital images. The fundamental concepts of digital images are discussed, as is an application of the fixed point theorem to digital image compression and fractal image compression. The digital contractive type mappings in digital metric space are introduced, and the uniqueness of fixed points in digital metric space is proved.
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE GROUNDWATER RESOURCES OF THE KORAMA SUB-WATERSHED IN THE COMMUNE OF DOGO-DOGO/ZINDER REGION: HYDROGEOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY
Authors:   University of Zinder, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Geology and Environnement, P.O : 656, Zinder, Niger., Issa Malam Salmanou Souleymane , Sani Abdou Babaye Maman ,   Dan DickoDankoulodoUniversity of Maradi, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, UMR SERMUG, Department of Geology, P.O: 465, Maradi, Niger., Moussa Issaka Abdoulkader ,   University of Zinder, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Geology and Environnement, P.O : 656, Zinder, Niger., Illias Alhassane ,   University of Agadez, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Geology, P.O : 199, Agadez, Niger., Ousmane Boureima ,   University Abdou Moumouni of Niamey, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Geology, P.O 110622, Niamey, Niger.
Published: February 2022

The commune of Dogo-dogo is located in the extreme south of the Zinder Region, in a sub-catchment area of the Korama River, between 12Â°50 and 13Â°00 North latitude and 9Â°10 and 9Â°32 East longitude. This area is hydrogeologically based on the aquifers of the Malawa sandstone formations, characterized by an important potential groundwater resource and an abundant ecosystem, and has been subjected for years to the phenomena of climate change, the dynamics of land use and a galloping demography. This has resulted in changes in the quantity and quality of the water resource in this area. However, it seems necessary to undertake quantitative and qualitative studies of this resource. The main objective of this study is the hydrogeological and qualitative characterization of groundwater in the town of Dogo-dogo. The methodology adopted was based on the processing and statistical analysis of hydrogeological, chemical and bacteriological data, the elaboration of a piezometric map and a hydrogeological cross-section, which led to the following results The depths of the works vary from 45 to 97 m with an average of 68.73 m giving rise to water column thicknesses of more than 20 m. While, the values of water exploitation flows are very disparate, they vary from 0,3 to 24 m3/h with an average of 5,05 m3/h. Furthermore, the piezometric map shows that the direction of groundwater flow is generally from NW to SE. This general trend tends to follow the direction of flow of surface water, whose hydrographic network is more or less fossilized (Korama). As for the bacteriological results of the water, out of the 111 samples, 84 and 72 show respectively Total Coliforms (TC) and Escherichia. Coli in the groundwater. This could be explained by the lack of hygiene around the water points in conjunction with the shallow depths of the water in some places. All these aspects can compromise the drinking water supply of the populations. Finally, from the chemical point of view on the 111 water samples, two (02) and three (03) of these samples are characterized respectively by Arsenic and Nitrate contents exceeding the WHO standard of water consumption.
VIRAL INFECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND DYSBIOSIS IN THE AUTOIMMUNE NATURE OF TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Authors:   Primary Care Physician, Scientific Researcher, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova., Ojovan Vitalina
Published: February 2022

A review of literature sources covering the autoimmune nature of the initiation and development of type 1 diabetes mellitus depending on viral infections, environmental factors and developing intestinal dysbiosis. The possibility of a protective effect of viral and bacterial infection, as well as vaccination is discussed.
TO STUDY AND CORRELATE THE EFFECT OF INTEGRATED APPROACH OF YOGA THERAPY ON FREQUENCY DOMAIN PARAMETERS AND POINCARE PLOT OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY AMONG PREDIABETICS
Authors: Saboo Neha , Kacker Sudhanshu
Published: February 2022

Introduction- Prediabetes is demarcated as an intervening stage amongst normal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed toevaluate the effects ofthe Integrated approach of yoga therapyonlinear andnonlinear dynamics ofheart rate variability and correlate between a linear component that was frequency domainand nonlinear dynamics that was Poine care plotof heart rate variability. Method-The study was conducted in the Department of physiology, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Jaipur in association with RDBP Jaipuria hospital.Group A wasinvolved in the Integrated Approach of Yoga Therapy (IAYT)including Prayer, Omkar recitation, yoga postures, breathing techniques, Shavasana,counseling, and dietary modification and Group B was not involved in any yoga sessions. Result-In this study, an attempt has been made to assess specifically the nonlinear dynamics of HRV using Poincare plotafter the integrated approach of yoga therapyand compare it with that of the frequency domain of HRV assessed by linear measures.Thehigh-frequency power( 46.04Â±11.75 to 67.56Â± 13.06) and SD1 ( 28.75 Â±3.15 to 45.66Â±2.15) were increased andlow frequency (LF) power ( 66.67Â±11.87 to 40.67Â± 13.9) and the SD2 ( 55.76Â± 1.15 to 44.88 Â± 2.15) of the Poincare plot decreased compared to baseline insubjects whofollowedthe integrated approach of yoga therapy, Additionally, significant correlations were found between high frequency (HF) and SD1 (p < 0.05), LF and SD2, (p < 0.05), and LF/HF and SD2/SD1 (p < 0.01). Conclusion-Integrated approach of yoga therapy practiced regularly can emerge as one of the important non-pharmacological tools for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease andrestoring sympathovagal balance. Poincare plot analysis is easier and more sensitive in evaluating the sympathovagal balance and observing the variation in heartbeats.
Fenton oxidation as pretreatment for biomass gasification condensate: cost and biomass inhibition evaluation
Authors: Zhang Qiqi , Pluschke Jonas , Geißen Sven-Uwe
Published: February 2022

Gasification transforming organic compounds into energy-rich pyrolytic gas, is a climate-friendly treatment option for biological solid wastes. The condensates arising from the pyrolytic gas valorization is owing to high concentrations of small molecular phenols, cyanides, nitrogen-heterocyclics, aromatics and ammonium, posing an environmental and health hazard. In this paper, the watery phase of the biomass gasification condensate from spent mushroom compost (SMC), with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 16.4 g/L and total nitrogen of 2.3 g/L, was pretreated by Fenton oxidation. The experiments were conducted at room temperature with an initial pH value of 3, 5 and 8.9, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dosages between 15 and 100% of the normalized stoichiometric ratio (NSR), and Fe2+ dosages corresponding to molar ratio of H2O2:Fe2+ between 10 and 30. Through respiration inhibition assays, the best operational condition for detoxification was determined at an initial pH 5 with 30% NSR H2O2 dosage and molar ratio of H2O2:Fe2+ at 15:1. The specific operational cost of the Fenton oxidation was calculated at 2.17 €/kg CODelimination. In respiration inhibition assay, the oxygen consumption of wastewater after Fenton oxidation was increased by 316% in 3 days. In a 20 days’ biogas production test, the biogas production was increased by 81%.