bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Projet pilote de scénario sismique à Quito (Équateur) : méthode et résultats
Authors: Chatelain Jean-Luc , Guillier Bertrand , Yepes Arostegui Hugo Alfonso , Fernández Jeannette , Valverde J. , Tucker Brian , Hoefer Geoffrey , Kaneko Fumio , Souris Marc , Dupérier Éric , Yamada Toshiro , Bustamante Gonzalo , Eguez Arturo , Alvarado Alexandra P. , Plaza Galo , Villacis Carlos
Published: November 2022

A pilot seismic scenario in Quito (Ecuador) : methods and results

A pilot seismic scenario project has been carried out in Quito, consisting in the analysis of the consequences of a damaging earthquake in the city. After selecting, on historical and seismotectonic basis, earthquakes that can affect the city, seismic intensities were calculated to estimate damages to buildings and to the city's infrastructures. The technical study has been complemented by interviews of officials of the main city services, in order to write a scenario of the events that could happen during and at various times after one of the selected earthquakes. Finally, recommendations were formulated to reduce Quito's earthquake vulnerability. This scenario should be considered as a preliminary study, whose goal is primarily to raise awareness of earthquake risk among government officials, business leaders, and the public in general.
Les dimensions politiques d'un projet scientifique : le scénario sismique de Quito
Authors: Metzger Pascale , Chatelain Jean-Luc , Guillier Bertrand
Published: November 2022

Le scénario sismique de Quito a été élaboré dans des circonstances particulières qui ont généré un certain nombre de contradictions ; celles-ci ne sont pas sans conséquence sur le déroulement et les suites du projet. L'analyse de la façon dont a été conçu et organisé ce scénario, la manière dont s'est déroulée la recherche, et sa diffusion, fait apparaître très clairement que le projet s'inscrit en même temps dans trois contradictions : un antagonisme Nord-Sud, une opposition scientifique-politique, et une dissension entre science orthodoxe et science impliquée. Ces éléments constitutifs du scénario sismique de Quito peuvent expliquer le contraste entre, d'une part, sa réussite scientifique objective, matérialisée par la production d'un scénario sismique qui apporte une nouvelle connaissance sur la ville et sa vulnérabilité en cas de tremblement de terre et, d'autre part, la lenteur et la difficulté de la mise en oeuvre d'une politique de prévention des risques basée sur ses résultats.
Trois palmiers pour trois capitales amazoniennes
Authors: Moussa Farana , Kahn Francis
Published: November 2022

Tres palmeras para tres capitales amazónicas

Cada una de las tres grandes capitales amazónicas tiene su palma preferida: Euterpe olerácea es preciada en Belén, Astrocaryum aculeatum en Manaos y Mauritia flexuosa en Iquitos. El primer caso tiene una explicación simple: Euterpe olerácea abunda en la región de Belén y es ausente en las dos otras regiones. Los dos otros casos se deben a razones más complejas, pues Astrocaryum aculeatum se ha propagado con el efecto de las actividades antrópicas en la región de Manaos, y Mauritia flexuosa, cuya área de distribución cubre toda Amazonia, es afamado únicamente en la región occidental, en el Perú. Estos tres ejemplos ponen de manifiesto la importancia de las culturas regionales que acarrean utilizaciones diferentes, a veces restrictivas, de los recursos naturales y pueden así constituir una traba al manejo del medio selvático.
Pratiques sacrificielles et funéraires au site Moche de la Huaca de la Luna, côte nord du Pérou
Authors: Bourget Steve
Published: November 2022

Sacrificial and funerary practices at the Moche site Huaca de la Luna, north coast of Peru

Archaeological research carried out at the Moche site of Huaca de la Luna has led to the discovery of a sacrificial site and a funerary platform. A number of individuals were sacrificed during spells of torrential rains (phenomenon of El Niño) in a plaza dedicated to these practices. In an associated structure, a series of four high status burials was found. Some of the data suggests that two of these tombs were the resting places of two sacrificial priests. This exceptional site provides new insights into the nature of the ideology and religious system of the Moche.
Variación estacional de una población silvestre de Rhodnius Pallescens Barber 1932 (Heteroptera:triatominae) en la costa caribe colombiana
Authors: Pizarro Novoa Juan Carlos , Romaña Cristina
Published: November 2022

En el marco del programa colombo-francés “Ecología de triatominos silvestres (Triatominae) del Departamento de Sucre (Colombia) y evaluación de la eficacia de una biopreparación insecticida en base al hongo entomopatógeno Beauveria bassiana (Hyphomycetes )” (1994-1996), los autores estudiaron la dinámica poblacional del insecto hematófago Rhodnius pallescens en un palmeral de la especie Attalea butyracea (Arecaceae) en el municipio de San Onofre (costa caribe colombiana). Se realizaron un total de 71 disecciones de palmeras en épocas de lluvia y de sequía, y fueron capturados 1356 insectos (163 adultos y 1196 individuos de todos los estadios larvarios). La tasa de infestación global de las palmeras por insectos fue del 86% (83% en época seca y 91% en época de lluvias) y el promedio de ejemplares encontrados por palma de 19,5 (23,6 y 17,6 respectivamente en época seca y lluviosa). Se concluyó que la estacionalidad climática no interviene en las variaciones de las densidades de los insectos, pero sí actúa sobre las composiciones etarias de las poblacionales de R. pallescens y aunque la evaluación del bioinsecticida en el palmeral puede ser realizado en cualquier momento del año, se recomienda el mes de noviembre, a principios de la época de lluvias.
Programa “Nieves y Glaciares Tropicales” (NGT): resultados (1991-1996) obtenidos en Bolivia
Authors: Pouyaud Bernard , Berton Philippe , Wagnon Patrick , Ribstein Pierre , Francou Bernard
Published: November 2022

Programme “neiges et glaciers tropicaux” (NGT) : résultats (1991-1996) obtenus en Bolivie

Depuis 1991, avec ses partenaires la COBEE, l'IHH et le SENAMHI, l’ORSTOM a progressivement équipé deux glaciers de la Cordillère Royale de Bolivie, les glaciers de Chacaltaya et Zongo. Cet équipement a permis de réaliser les bilans glaciologiques des deux glaciers et les bilans hydrologique et énergétique du glacier Zongo. Les principaux résultats, glaciologique, hydrologique et énergétique, sont fournis dans cette communication. Un premier modèle physique du fonctionnement du glacier Zongo a été réalisé, avec des premiers résultats qui permettent d’entreprendre un modèle plus élaboré susceptible d’être généralisé à d’autres glaciers. Des carottages de neige et de glace à haute altitude ont confirmé la possibilité d’exploiter ces véritables archives climatologiques.
El Ecuador al cruce de varias influencias climáticas. Una situación estratégica para el estudio del fenómeno El Niño
Authors: Pourrut Pierre , Gómez Gustavo
Published: November 2022

L’Équateur, point de rencontre de plusieurs influences climatiques. Une situation stratégique pour l’étude du phénomène El Niño

Malgré les techniques informatiques et d’observation de la planète qui permettent de suivre en temps réel, avec un haut degré de précision et de confiance, les aspects évolutifs extrêmement rapides du phénomène (essentiellement océaniques et atmosphériques), il faut bien constater que les efforts de la communauté internationale pour établir et caler un modèle universel qui réponde à tous les cas d’un El Niño X sont encore restés stériles.

Les auteurs considèrent que les études ne doivent pas se cantonner exclusivement au domaine de l’interaction entre les grands espaces océaniques et l’atmosphère et qu’il est important d’essayer d’appréhender in situ les paramètres dynamiques qui accompagnent la progression de El Niño dans la zone centrale du continent sud-américain. L’argumentaire traite tout à la fois de multiples aspects : sociaux, humains et à caractère scientifique.
La pluviométrie au Pérou pendant les phases ENSO et LNSO
Authors: Rome-Gaspaldy Sandra , Ronchail Josyane
Published: November 2022

La pluviometría en el Perú durante las fases ENSO y LNSO

Los datos mensuales (1960-1990) de precipitación de 21 estaciones ubicadas en la Costa, la Sierra y la Selva de Perú son estudiados durante las fases ENSO y LNSO de la Oscilación del Sur del Pacífico. Las lluvias de Piura, en el norte de la Costa, son las únicas que presentan excesos significativos (test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov) durante la fase ENSO; pero los volúmenes cambian mucho de un evento a otro. No hay, en otros lugares, diferencia significativa entre las lluvias de las fases ENSO (o LNSO) y las lluvias de años normales.

Pero, muchas veces, la pluviosidad es deficitaria en los Andes durante los ENSO; durante los eventos LNSO, las lluvias son también deficitarias en los Andes del Sur, pero más veces hay excesos en el Norte. En la Selva Amazónica, la variabilidad espacio-temporal es demasiado grande para dibujar un comportamiento general.
El Niño e sua influência no período de invernó de 1997 em algumas regiões do Brasil
Authors: Diniz Francisco de Assis
Published: November 2022

El Niño et son influence dans quelques régions du Brésil pendant l’hiver austral de 1997

El Niño est un phénomène climatique mondial qui provoque des fluctuations à l’échelle saisonnière et interannuelle, résultantes de l’interaction entre les océans et l’atmosphère. Cette étude montre comment le phénomène actuel, peut-être à cause de l’intensité qu’il a très rapidement atteinte, a influencé et provoqué une baisse des précipitations au nord et au centre de la Région Nord, sur la côte est de la Région Nordeste entre les Etats du Rio Grande do Norte et de Bahia, au moment de leur maximum pluviométrique, alors que l’on avait observé un hiver chaud et humide dans les Régions sud et sudeste du Brésil, avec des températures qui ont pu s’élever à 3o au-dessus de la normale. On a comparé les distributions spatiales et temporelles des précipitations avec les normes climatiques de 1961 à 1990, qui montrent bien une diminution des pluies dans les régions Nord et la côte est du Nordeste. Dans les régions sud et sud-est du pays on a constaté une élévation des températures et un accroissement des précipitations dans l’État du Rio Grande do Sul. On a aussi constaté des températures élevées dans les deux régions étudiées au cours de la semaine précédent l’hiver. Nous chercherons à déterminer s’il est possible d’effectuer des prévisions climatiques dans les régions étudiées à l’aide du phénomène El Niño.
Secuencia arqueológica en montículos del valle del Upano en la Amazonia ecuatoriana
Authors: Rostain Stéphen
Published: November 2022

De nombreux sites archéologiques avec des monticules artificiels de terre sont reconnus dans la vallée de l’Upano, dans la province du Morona-Santiago, en Amazonie équatorienne. Une recherche archéologique fut menée dans cette région, dans le cadre d' une coopération scientifique franco-équatorienne, sous l’égide de l’Institut Français d’Études Andines. Elle concerne la carte archéologique, l’analyse de l’organisation des monticules et l’étude du peuplement préhistorique de l’Upano. Une fouille par décapage fut réalisée sur un ensemble de monticules et de places (Complexe XI) du site de Huapula. Ce travail a fourni de nouvelles informations sur la construction des monticules, la séquence culturelle et la vie des anciens occupants.

Entre 700 av. J.-C. et 400 ap. J.-C, des communautés de culture Upano occupèrent le Complexe XI, et construisirent les monticules. Elles abandonnèrent le site suite à une forte éruption du volcan Sangay, qui ensevelit la région sous une épaisse couche de cendres. Plus tard, entre 700 et 1200 ap. J.-C., des groupes de culture Huapula s’installèrent sur les monticules. Une fouille horizontale au sommet d’une plate-forme a mis au jour un sol domestique de la culture Huapula, contenant différents vestiges bien conservés. Une fouille par décapage fut réalisée sur un ensemble de monticules et de places (Complexe XI) du site de Huapula. Ce travail a fourni de nouvelles informations sur la construction des monticules, la séquence culturelle et la vie des anciens occupants.

Entre 700 av. J.-C. et 400 ap. J.-C, des communautés de culture Upano occupèrent le Complexe XI, et construisirent les monticules. Elles abandonnèrent le site suite à une forte éruption du volcan Sangay, qui ensevelit la région sous une épaisse couche de cendres. Plus tard, entre 700 et 1 200 ap. J.-C., des groupes de culture Huapula s’installèrent sur les monticules. Une fouille horizontale au sommet d’une plate-forme a mis au jour un sol domestique de la culture Huapula, contenant différents vestiges bien conservés.
La Virgen de la Dolorosa y la lucha por el control de la socialización de las nuevas generaciones en el Ecuador del 1900
Authors: Herrera Giaconda
Published: November 2022

Este trabajo analiza el surgimiento de la devoción a la Virgen de la Dolorosa en 1906 en el contexto de la disputa por la Ley de educación laica y la nueva Constitución que proclama la separación de la Iglesia del Estado en el Ecuador. El argumento que trata de sostener es que más que una reacción espontánea de una Iglesia en crisis frente al Estado liberal, esta devoción y su relación con la propuesta educativa de la Iglesia en el debate sobre la educación laica, son producto de un proceso de transformación institucional de la Iglesia, iniciado antes de la revolución liberal, por medio de la cual ésta trata de mantener el control sobre los procesos de socialización de las futuras generaciones para garantizar cierta influencia en la construcción de las normas sociales de la sociedad inaugurada por el régimen liberal.
Educación e imágenes de la mujer en los años treinta: Quito-Ecuador
Authors: Goetschel Ana María
Published: November 2022

Education and Images of the Woman during the Thirty's: Quito, Ecuador

This article tries to show how woman's education in Quito towards the end of the Nineteenth Century and the first decades of the Twentieth passed through different moments and shaped a variety of “feminine” images, that were expressed in continuities and ruptures. It goes from a traditional education, which sought to reproduce habits centered on the domestic and private space, to a liberal and positivist education, which attempts to convert woman into an object of state concern, as a “mother”, but also into a “worker” and “professional”. This is the first stage of a more extensive work regarding the education of the woman of Quito in the first half of the Twentieth Century.
La preocupación higienista en la educación ecuatoriana en los años treinta y cuarenta
Authors: Sinardet Emmanuelle
Published: November 2022

The Hygienist Concern of Ecuadorian Education in the Thirties and Forties

Ecuadorian education, since the Revolution of July 1925 and then in the thirties and the forties, considers hygiene as a national priority. In a country stricken with a strong economic crisis which urges the elites to consolidate a domestic market through the creation of more producers and consumers, education more than ever means the integration of the rural and Indigenous masses in the not only economic but also cultural life of the nation, so that those populations react positively to the social agenda of the dominate white mestizo model. That is why it seems necessary to “civilize” them, for the “civilization” first needs the respect of minimal hygiene rules. Yet hygiene does not involve only the public health and the creation of hygiene services in education, the introduction of physical and sexual education, and the development of anthropometric studies. It also means the respect of one's personality and, with the influence of the active school pedagogy, the child's harmonious psychological development. Because of the failure of the Cultural Missions, this civilizing hygienist fonction of “regeneration” essentially falls upon the rural school. But its results are unsatisfactory, and in 1945 the hygienist orientation, even if it is still a priority in the official and legal documents, in the reality, only represents a declaration of empty words in the face of a lack of a real popular education policy.
Reflexiones sobre pedagogía universitaria
Authors: Grijalva Agustín
Published: November 2022

Critique and creativity are the basis of university pedagogy within any method or technique employed by faculty members. Professorial critique and creativity must be applied to the pedagocical methods themselves, which should become complementary to professors experience and intuition. As a consequence, pedagogical training of university faculty should be included in order to effectively improve the quality of education.

University pedagogy must also be linked to social, technological and cultural contexts. These realities have direct relationship with a critical and creative sense which is essential to the university as an institution. The pedagogical role of profesors is crucial to enable students generate a true process of developing of knowledge and not just assimilation or instrumental use of information or skills. In this sense, adequate pedagogy helps to generate efficent professionals who are ethically and socially responsible.

University pedagogy in Latin America must also contribute to new methodological and technical development based on local scientific endeavors and other academic efforts. These should respond to urgent problems present in the local and regional reality. This response is a methodological condition for original scientific production and other forms of knowledge in Latin American universities.
Educación intercultural y bilingüe y flexibilización magisterial: temas de la reforma educativa en Bolivia
Authors: Calla Ricardo
Published: November 2022

L’avènement de la Réforme Educative en Bolivie a permis l'eclosion d'un débat local entre les peuples indigènes de ce pays. Un tel débat dans la marka altiplanique de Jesús de Machaqa et de ses ayllus (province d’Ingavi du département de La Paz) révèle une série de difficultés dans la mise en pratique opérationnelle des grandes lignes de la proposition de l’Éducation Interculturelle Bilingue de la Réforme Educative dans le contexte local, notamment en ce qui concerne la question de l’interculturalité. En outre, de telles difficultés se mêlent au contexte politique dans lequel a lieu la Réforme Educative. Ainsi, à côté des tentatives de rénovation et de changement des programmes scolaires, les politiques d’ajustement structurel en Amérique Latine et en Bolivie et les perspectives de flexibilité du travail -sans oublier les éventuelles politiques de renvoi massif dans certains secteurs -génère dans ce pays l’opposition du corps enseignant à la Réforme Educative.
Los últimos días de Luis Jerónimo de Oré (1554-1630): un nuevo documento biográfico
Authors: Pello Xavier
Published: November 2022

El presente texto, tras retomar algunos datos biográficos significativos en el itinerario del franciscano Luis Jerónimo de Oré y poner de realce la magnitud de su obra lingüística, ofrece la transcripción paleográfíca de su testamento, otorgado tres días antes de su muerte en la ciudad de Concepción de Chile. Este documento, el cual nunca fue publicado en su totalidad, a la vez que constituye un testimonio meramente biográfico, representa una fuente interesante para un acercamiento a las élites eclesiásticas del virreinato del Perú.
Entre selva y ciudad: estrategias de producción en el Río Negro Medio (Brasil)
Authors: Emperaire Laure
Published: November 2022

Entre la forêt et la ville : stratégie de production sur le Moyen Rio Negro (Brésil)

Cet article s’intéresse à l’évolution des systèmes de production en Amazonie du nord-ouest, sur le moyen Rio Negro. Il montre comment les activités extractivistes et agricoles se sont articulées lors des différents cycles économiques régionaux de ce siècle. Le faible impact de ces activités sur le milieu est souligné. Avec le déclin de l’extractivisme dans les années 1980-1990, les populations locales, à la recherche d’autres revenus, intensifient la production de farine de manioc. Mais les prix sont extrêmement bas et le marché n’est pas organisé pour les producteurs ruraux, ce qui rend cette activité peu rémunératrice. Le manque de revenus et d’autres éléments comme l’accès aux soins et à l’éducation, poussent bon nombre de familles à s’installer dans les petites villes. Elles continuent à pratiquer une agriculture en périphérie urbaine. Toutefois le système agricole, remodelé par les conditions locales, ne constitue plus qu’une forme appauvrie du système traditionnel.
Les ONG colombiennes de défense des droits de l'homme face aux violences
Authors: Daviaud Sophie
Published: November 2022

The Colombian Human Rights Watch NGO Confronted with the Violence

Although Colombia is not experiencing a military-rule or an open civil war, it is a country with one of the highest rate of human rights violations in the world. The intensification of the conflict and the generalization of violence have been coupled with the spread of human rights rhetoric. But, the concrete results of the discourse on human rights have been quite limited. They have been converted into strategic tools by the protagonists of the conflict. The analysis of the use of human rights by NGOs during the last twenty years shows that they had and continue to have difficulties in creating a space for reflection and action concerning human rights which escapes the dynamic of the conflict itself. In order to achieve this goal, these organizations should begin with a much clearer definition of human rights and restore their ethical dimension in their actions. In that way, they could contribute to the reconstruction of politics in Colombia.
Colombie : une guerre privée de sens ?
Authors: Lair Eric
Published: November 2022

Voilà plus de vingt ans que la Colombie connaît des phénomènes de violence collective singulièrement aigus et complexes. Depuis le début de la décennie 80, l’intensification de la confrontation entre forces armées, guérillas et paramilitaires a été telle que cette dernière domine désormais le panorama général de la violence.

L’intensification du conflit, surtout à l’encontre des populations civiles, a suscité un nombre croissant d’analyses, de commentaires et de réactions diverses. La plupart de ces interprétations privilégient une approche en termes d’irrationalité et de violences éruptives privées de sens. Le propos de cet article est précisément de discuter et confronter cette vision avec une lecture plus rationnelle des faits afin de voir dans quelle mesure la confrontation armée parvient à se structurer dans une trame explicative beaucoup plus intelligible.
Prediagnostic Appearance of Thrombospondin Type-1 Domain 7A Autoantibodies in Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Burbelo Peter D. , Olson Stephen W. , Keller Jason M. , Joshi Megha , Schwartz Daniella M. , Chuang Yung-Jen , Lambeau Gérard , Beck Laurence H. , Waldman Meryl
Published: November 2022

Key Points

The entire extracellular domain of thrombospondin type-1 domain 7A (THSD7A) in the luciferase immunoprecipitation system immunoassay was required to detect autoantibodies with high sensitivity in membranous nephropathy (MN).

In THSD7A-seropositive MN patients, changes in antibody levels precede changes in clinical status.

Seropositive THSD7A antibodies were detected in some patients with MN considered to be secondary to autoimmunity or cancer.

Background

Pathogenic autoantibodies against thrombospondin type-1 domain 7A (THSD7A) are present in approximately 3% of patients with membranous nephropathy (MN). Compared with PLA2R antibodies, less is known about THSD7A autoantibodies (ABs) because of the relative rarity and the lack of a commercially available quantitative immunoassay.

Methods

In this study, we describe the development and validation of a highly quantitative luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assay for detecting THSD7A ABs and used it to study dominant THSD7A epitopes, disease associations, and monitoring disease activity. The Department of Defense Serum Repository (DODSR) was then used to analyze THSD7A AB in 371 longitudinal serum samples collected before clinical diagnosis of MN from 110 PLA2R-negative MN subjects.

Results

LIPS analysis demonstrated that a near full-length THSD7A (amino acids 1–1656) detected robust autoantibody levels in all known seropositive MN patients with 100% sensitivity and specificity compared with ELISA and/or Western blotting. Most of the THSD7A-seropositive subjects in our pilot cohort had evidence of coexisting autoimmunity or cancer. Moreover, three THSD7A-seropositive patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy showed longitudinal autoantibody levels that tracked clinical status. Additional epitope analysis of two smaller protein THSD7A fragments spanning amino acids 1-416 and 1-671 demonstrated lower sensitivity of 32% and 44%, respectively. In the DODSR cohort, THSD7A seropositivity was detected in 4.5% of PLA2R-negative MN patients. In one primary and in one secondary MN-associated with cancer, THSD7A ABs were detectable <1 month before biopsy-proven diagnosis. In addition, three patients with lupus membranous nephropathy had detectable THSD7A ABs years before hypoalbuminemia and biopsy-proven diagnosis.

Conclusions

Although further studies are needed to explore the significance of THSD7A ABs in lupus membranous nephropathy, this study describes a novel, highly sensitive LIPS immunoassay for detecting THSD7A ABs and adds to the existing literature on THSD7A-associated MN.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

NCT00977977; registration date: September 16, 2009.
What are individual perceptions of the role that physical activity plays during treatment of Severe Mental Illness (SMI)?
Authors:   , Joshi Adital
Published: November 2022

There have been many studies published on treatments for severe mental illness (SMI) and the use of physical activity programs during treatment of SMI. However, many of the problems faced by community living individuals recovering from SMI are overlooked or not accounted for. Discrimination, side effects from antipsychotic medications, gaps in treatment referral systems, stigma and misdiagnosis continue to be issues that impede independent treatment of SMI in the community. Relatively little research has examined the reality of recovery and the role of physical activity during treatment of SMI. Through the lens of semi structured interviews with six individuals suffering from SMI, this research explores the part physical activity (PA) can play during treatment of SMI through the use of grounded theory. Findings from this study indicated that participants gained social relevance by performing PA in communal settings and that inspired them to discover their solo forms of physical activity during individual journeys through recovery. For the study participants, structured physical activity interventions were not the one and only solution for a successful treatment of SMI, quite the opposite. This study provides some insight into recovery experiences which participants experienced as a process rather than an outcome. Issues such as, generalised prescription of medications on the basis of assumptions from case histories; lack of support from psychiatrists during changing the dosage of medications; long waiting times and limited number of sessions to attend counselling, highlight the need for mental health professionals to ‘just listen’ to people with SMI for a person-oriented recovery. This study will help other researchers understand how solo forms of PA works during treatment of SMI and help them to carry out more research to establish different forms of solo exercises for a more person-centered recovery through social connection and independence.
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN UNTUK MENGUKUR KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Atul Umma Nafi , Sari Yuwita Nur Inda , Lestari Yuyun Juwita
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to show the company's financial ratios PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk. Consisting of: liquidity ratio (Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, Cash Ratio),  activity ratio (Inventory Turn Over, Fixed Asset Turn Over, Total Assets Turn Over), solvency ratio (total Debt to Total Asset, Total Debt to Equity Ratio ), and profitability ratios (Net Profit Margin, Return on Investment, Return on Equity). The type of research conducted is descriptive research. The focus of the research is the company's financial statements which consist of a balance sheet and income statement for the period 2018-2020. The research was conducted through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) on the website. The data source used is secondary data. The data collection technique used in this research is documentation. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis using financial ratio analysis. The results of the analysis of financial ratios consisting of liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, activity ratios, and profitability ratios for the 2018-2020 period.
Penggunaan dan Manfaat Big Data dalam Konten Digital
Authors: Edi Santoso Rudi , Prawiyogi Anggy Giri , Rahardja Untung , Oganda Fitra Putri , Khofifah Nimatul
Published: November 2022

Menekankan menempatkan penekanan pada ekonomi digital dan pola data besar dengan penekanan pada sektor lingkungan. Karena big data sudah hadir, strategi bisnis saat ini sudah berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tantangan yang dihadapi dan keunggulan big data untuk konten digital. Gagasan "masyarakat 5.0" mengusulkan koeksistensi teknologi dan manusia untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup manusia secara berkelanjutan. Industri harus berinovasi jika ingin menawarkan solusi untuk masalah pelanggan. Salah satu kawasan industri yang dianggap berperan besar dalam mendorong perekonomian dan mendorong keberlanjutan sosial adalah bisnis konten digital. Pengertian sektor konten digital diulas dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi tinjauan konseptual dari sudut pandang Society 5.0. Topik pembangunan ekonomi dan keberlanjutan perlu dibahas. Karena dapat menumbuhkan berbagi pengetahuan dari berbagai pihak dan mempercepat inovasi, co-creation adalah ide kunci dalam mengembangkan sektor konten digital yang berkelanjutan. Karena industri kreatif sangat bergantung pada keterampilan seniman, orang tidak dapat sepenuhnya menggantikan fungsinya di bidang ini dengan teknologi. Salah satu faktor yang mendukung pertumbuhan dan keberlangsungan ekonomi suatu industri adalah kebijakan inovasi bangsa.
Comparative characteristics of products of processing of fusible copoly (urethane-imides) from the solutions and melts formed by them
Authors: Didenko A. L. , Ivanov A. G. , Smirnova V. E. , Vaganov G. V. , Popova E. N. , Kuznetsov D. A. , Myagkova L. A. , Svetlichniy V. M. , Yudin V. E. , Kudryavtsev V. V.
Published: November 2022

Self-supporting films and thick-walled moldings (blades) were obtained from solutions and melts of multiblock (segmental) copoly(urethane-imides). The initial copoly(urethane-imides) were obtained on the basis of aliphatic polyesters: poly(propyleneglycol), poly(diethyleneglycoladipinate) and polycaprolactone, dianhydride of 1,3-bis(3’,4-dicarboxyphenoxy) benzene and aromatic diamines: 4,4’-bis-(4”-aminophenoxy)biphenyl and 1,4-bis(4’-aminophenoxy)diphenylsulfone. Samples of films and moldings were studied by IR spectroscopy, TGA, DSC and mechanical analysis under static and dynamic (DMA) experimental conditions. It is assumed that the diff erences in the properties of films and moldings are due to an increase in the proportion of aromatic blocks due to microdestruction of polymer chains and increased interfacial interactions of polyester and urethanimide microphases (blocks) in polymer systems during the processing of polymers from the melt by injection molding.
A Deep Transfer Learning-Based Comparative Study for Detection of Malaria Disease
Authors: Soylu Emel
Published: November 2022

Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. Thousands of people die every year due to malaria. When this disease is diagnosed early, it can be fully treated with medication. Diagnosis of malaria can be made according to the presence of parasites in the blood taken from the patient. In this study, malaria detection and diagnosis study were performed using The Malaria dataset containing a total of 27,558 cell images with samples of equally parasitized and uninfected cells from thin blood smear slide images of segmented cells. It is possible to detect malaria from microscopic blood smear images via modern deep learning techniques. In this study, 5 of the popular convolutional neural network architectures for malaria detection from cell images were retrained to find the best combination of architecture and learning algorithm. AlexNet, GoogLeNet, ResNet-50, MobileNet-v2, VGG-16 architectures from pre-trained networks were used, their hyperparameters were adjusted and their performances were compared. In this study, a maximum 96.53% accuracy rate was achieved with MobileNet-v2 architecture using the adam learning algorithm
Effects of Aeroallergen Sensitization on Symptom Severity, Pulmonary Function, and Bronchodilator Response in Children With Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Madulara Glaiza M , Andaya Agnes G
Published: November 2022

Background: Allergen sensitization, symptom severity, pulmonary function test, and bronchodilator response are important in the diagnosis and treatment of asthma. However, the relationship between these factors remains unclear. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between aeroallergen sensitization and asthma severity, pulmonary function, and bronchodilator response among pediatric patients with bronchial asthma. Methods: This was a prospective study where 155 pediatric patients aged 7–18 years old with bronchial asthma were recruited from Outpatient Clinics. Patients who met the inclusion criteria proceeded with spirometry and aeroallergen skin prick test. Results: There was a significant degree of sensitization, wherein 100% of the patients had sensitization to one or more aeroallergens. Among these children, 106 (68%) were polysensitized. The polysensitized group had more severe and persistent asthma severity profile (p<0.001) and worse pulmonary function (p<0.001). The frequency of abnormal pre-bronchodilator lung function of the polysensitized group was higher than the monosensitized group (p<0.001). A positive bronchodilator response was higher among polysensitized children as compared to monosensitized children (p<0.001). Sensitization to Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and dog correlated with impairment of both the large airways and distal small airways while sensitization to cat, cockroach, and horse correlated only with impairment of the large airways (p<0.05). Patients sensitized to D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus, cat and dog had significant bronchodilator response (p<0.05). Conclusion: Polysensitized asthmatic children had a more persistent and severe asthma profile, worse pulmonary function, and higher bronchodilator reversibility compared to the monosensitized group.
Efficacy of Myo-inositol in Improving Pregnancy Rate and Regulation of Menstrual Cycle for Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sigue Ruela Joyce L , Decena Ditas D
Published: November 2022

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common, reproductive endocrinopathy associated with ovarian dysfunction, cardiovascular disorders, obesity, and infertility. Myo-inositol is a novel treatment for women with PCOS that claimed to have improved fertility rate in this population. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effect of myo-inositol on pregnancy rate, menstrual cycle, and adverse effects from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: RCTs that evaluated the efficacy of myo-inositol in improving pregnancy rate and regulation of menstrual cycle in women with PCOS. Electronic databases were searched and studies published up to October 24, 2021 were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Study selection and assessment of quality were conducted independently by two review authors. Results: Seven studies with 729 patients treated with myo-inositol and 677 patients treated with placebo and/or metformin were included in the analysis. The research groups did not diverge significantly in terms of basic characteristics, such as age, adnexal or uterine pathology, body mass index, and duration of infertility. In the myo-inositol group, regulation of the normal menstrual cycle is at 20%, significantly higher than the metformin group at 12%, (p<0.001). However, there is no significant difference in the pregnancy rate between myoinositol and placebo (p=0.42) and/or metformin (p=0.17). Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that myo-inositol can be an alternative treatment for PCOS in terms of regulation of menses and may improve the success of spontaneous pregnancies. However, additional randomized, double-blind controlled trials with larger sample sizes, low heterogeneity, and uniform inclusion criteria are recommended to establish the effects of myo-inositol on PCOS treatment and pregnancy rate.
Telemedicine Screening of the Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy Among Type 2 Diabetic Filipinos in the Community
Authors: Daza Jessica , Sy Jocelyn , Rondaris Maria Victoria , Uy John Philip
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To determine the feasibility of telemedicine screening for diabetic retinopathy in a community setting and to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among Filipino patients with type 2 diabetes in the community. Study Design: Cross-sectional study among patients with type 2 diabetes in six community health centers in an urban city in the Philippines. Materials and methods: Subjects were examined from November 2018 to December 2018. A three-field non-mydriatic 45’ fundus photographs were taken for each patient and photographs were uploaded in cloud storage and read by a retina specialist in a tertiary hospital for assessment of diabetic retinopathy and grading of the fundus photographs. The results were sent back to local health centers. Results: A total of 387 eyes of 195 persons were examined. Overall, 288 out of 387 eyes (95.36%) had gradable quality fundus photo (grade 3 and higher) and did not need eye dilation. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the respondents was 25.26% - 3.16% had mild diabetic retinopathy, 15.79% had moderate diabetic retinopathy, 3.68% had severe diabetic retinopathy, and 3.68% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Other fundus findings noted include hypertensive retinopathy glaucomatous optic nerve, age-related macular degeneration, posterior vitreous detachment, clinically significant macular edema, and epiretinal membrane. Conclusion: Due to the significant number of patients with diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetics in the community, telemedicine screening was a feasible alternative to dilated fundus examination and may be considered as part of the local health program to prevent blindness due to diabetes.
Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal gammopathy and Skin abnormalities (POEMS) Syndrome in a Filipino Nurse Returning to Work Following Bortezomib Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Endaya Nadine J , Rosales Raymond L
Published: November 2022

POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes) also known as Crow-Fukase syndrome or Takatsuki syndrome is a rare and disabling paraneoplastic syndrome that frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life without a known standard first-line therapy. A 34-year-old Filipino male nurse, who presented with gradually progressive distal lower extremity weakness and sharp shooting pain in bilateral legs accompanied by mild joint effusion on the left knee, hypertrichosis, bilateral conjunctival injection, and gynecomastia underwent extensive workup and was diagnosed with POEMS syndrome. Complete blood count revealed erythrocytosis and thrombocytosis with elevated serum VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and elevated monoclonal serum free lambda light chains. The electrophysiologic studies revealed chronic demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathy while bone marrow core biopsy and bone marrow aspirate smear immunohistochemical staining showed it to be positive for lambda and CD138. He had an initial unsuccessful treatment course with melphalan and prednisone. Hence, bortezomib and dexamethasone were given which gave significant improvement in symptoms from the overall neuropathy limitation score of 5 to 1.
Dextrose Prolotherapy for Supraspinatus Partial Tear: A Case Report
Authors: Suryadi Teinny , Suhaimi Anwar , Susatia Frandy , Ratnawati Wahida , Winaldy Winny , Chia-Hung Lin
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Rotator cuff (RC) tears account for about 20% of RC disorders and presents with severe shoulder pain that can significantly impact activities of daily life. Case report: A 34-year-old male with a history of chronic right shoulder pain presents with tenderness at the lateral shoulder, positive subacromial impingement tests, painful end range of motion and pain score of 6. Ultrasound shows a partial supraspinatus tear at the bursal side. The patient was treated with 15% dextrose to the supraspinatus tendon intrasubstance 3 times, for 4 weeks. Result: Significant pain improvement after the first treatment (VAS 1), with pain-free full range of motion until 4 weeks after treatment and sonographic evidence of supraspinatus tendon healing. Discussion: Dextrose concentrations higher than 12.5% produce an osmotic gradient which stimulates the accumulation of growth factors and inflammatory cells, which in turn can initiate the wound healing process. In this case we can find that the healing process translates to good clinical outcome by ultrasound imaging. Conclusion: Dextrose prolotherapy can be used as an option for supraspinatus tendon partial tear with good results.
Geriatric Medicine in the Medical Curriculum: A MUST in the Globally Aging World
Authors: Mercado-Asis Leilani B , Domingo-Maglinao Ma. Lourdes P
Published: November 2022

Geriatrics is a branch of medicine concerned with diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases in older people and problems specific to aging. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that the number of people aged 65 or older is projected to grow from an estimated 524 million in 2010 to nearly 1.5 billion in 2050. The burden of diseases in the aging population will dramatically impact healthcare expenses in low- and middle-income countries and even developed ones. A preventive approach is essential. The role of medical institutions and inclusion of geriatrics in the medical curriculum have become important. However, incorporating geriatrics into the medical curriculum is associated with various issues and challenges: compact pre-existing curriculum, attitudes of teachers and students, and shortage of teaching geriatricians. An individualized institutional approach to curricular integration guided by the American Geriatrics Society’s minimum required competencies for the undergraduate will circumvent these challenges.
Separación de los compuestos inorgánicos que forman parte de una muestra sólida empleando diferentes disolventes de manera sucesiva.
Authors: Ramos Payán María Dolores , Ocaña González Juan Antonio , Bello López Miguel Ángel , de Pablos Pons Fernando , Fernández Torres Rut María , Fernández Espinosa Antonio José , Aparicio Ruiz Ramón , Jara Palacios María José , Jiménez Palacios Francisco Joaquín
Published: November 2022

Este recurso es un video didáctico sobre clases prácticas de laboratorio en la asignatura de Química Analítica I.

El objetivo de esta práctica es la separación de los compuestos inorgánicos que forman parte de una muestra sólida (nitrato amónico, oxido de zinc, óxido de cobre y óxido férrico) empleando diferentes disolventes de manera sucesiva: agua, ácido clorhídrico, ácido acético y una disgregación con monohidrogenosulfato potásico.

Objetivo 1. Servir de apoyo al aprendizaje del alumnado cuando la asignatura se imparte de manera presencial, sirviendo como explicaciones previas teórico-prácticas al trabajo en el propio laboratorio, mejorando así la seguridad y eficiencia del alumnado.

Objetivo 2. Facilitar la realización de las prácticas de la asignatura de manera no presencial. De este modo, los alumnos podrán tener toma de contacto visual de cómo se distribuye un laboratorio químico, así como los materiales, reactivos necesarios y de cómo se ejecutarían cada una de las prácticas de laboratorio.
Tratamiento y técnicas de separación para muestras inorgánicas y orgánicas.
Authors: Ramos Payán María Dolores , Ocaña González Juan Antonio , Bello López Miguel Ángel , de Pablos Pons Fernando , Fernández Torres Rut María , Fernández Espinosa Antonio José , Aparicio Ruiz Ramón , Jara Palacios María José , Jiménez Palacios Francisco Joaquín
Published: November 2022

Este recurso es un video didáctico sobre clases prácticas de laboratorio en la asignatura de Química Analítica I.

Esta práctica posee dos partes, en cada una de las cuales se empleará una técnica diferente para separar componentes de una mezcla: cromatografía de intercambio iónico para especies inorgánicas y extracción sólido -líquido para especies orgánicas.

Objetivo 1. Servir de apoyo al aprendizaje del alumnado cuando la asignatura se imparte de manera presencial, sirviendo como explicaciones previas teórico-prácticas al trabajo en el propio laboratorio, mejorando así la seguridad y eficiencia del alumnado.

Objetivo 2. Facilitar la realización de las prácticas de la asignatura de manera no presencial. De este modo, los alumnos podrán tener toma de contacto visual de cómo se distribuye un laboratorio químico, así como los materiales, reactivos necesarios y de cómo se ejecutarían cada una de las prácticas de laboratorio.
Determinación gravimétrica de hierro en puntilla.
Authors: Ramos Payán María Dolores , Ocaña González Juan Antonio , Bello López Miguel Ángel , de Pablos Pons Fernando , Fernández Torres Rut María , Fernández Espinosa Antonio José , Aparicio Ruiz Ramón , Jara Palacios María José , Jiménez Palacios Francisco Joaquín
Published: November 2022

Este recurso es un video didáctico sobre clases prácticas de laboratorio en la asignatura de Química Analítica I.

En esta práctica, se llevará a cabo la determinación del contenido de hierro en una puntilla mediante una determinación gravimétrica, basada en la precipitación del hierro en forma de hidróxido y se posterior conversión a óxido.

Objetivo 1. Servir de apoyo al aprendizaje del alumnado cuando la asignatura se imparte de manera presencial, sirviendo como explicaciones previas teórico-prácticas al trabajo en el propio laboratorio, mejorando así la seguridad y eficiencia del alumnado.

Objetivo 2. Facilitar la realización de las prácticas de la asignatura de manera no presencial. De este modo, los alumnos podrán tener toma de contacto visual de cómo se distribuye un laboratorio químico, así como los materiales, reactivos necesarios y de cómo se ejecutarían cada una de las prácticas de laboratorio.
Valoración complexométrica de la dureza de un agua.
Authors: Ramos Payán María Dolores , Ocaña González Juan Antonio , Bello López Miguel Ángel , de Pablos Pons Fernando , Fernández Torres Rut María , Fernández Espinosa Antonio José , Aparicio Ruiz Ramón , Jara Palacios María José , Jiménez Palacios Francisco Joaquín
Published: November 2022

Este recurso es un video didáctico sobre clases prácticas de laboratorio en la asignatura de Química Analítica I.

En esta práctica, se llevará a cabo la determinación individual de la dureza total, la dureza cálcica y la dureza magnésica de una muestra de agua, mediante valoraciones con AEDT.

Objetivo 1. Servir de apoyo al aprendizaje del alumnado cuando la asignatura se imparte de manera presencial, sirviendo como explicaciones previas teórico-prácticas al trabajo en el propio laboratorio, mejorando así la seguridad y eficiencia del alumnado.

Objetivo 2. Facilitar la realización de las prácticas de la asignatura de manera no presencial. De este modo, los alumnos podrán tener toma de contacto visual de cómo se distribuye un laboratorio químico, así como los materiales, reactivos necesarios y de cómo se ejecutarían cada una de las prácticas de laboratorio.