bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of a Ross lost CambrianSeries 2mixed siliciclastic–carbonate platform from carbonate clasts of the Shackleton Range, Antarctica
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ-MARTÍNEZ Marta , BUGGISCH Werner , MENÉNDEZ Silvia , MORENO-EIRIS Elena , PEREJÓN Antonio
Published: July 2022

The presence of archaeocyath-bearing clasts from Cenozoic tills and Cambrian Mount Wegener Formation reveal erosion of a hidden Cambrian carbonate platform in Shackleton Range, Antarctica. We provide microfacies, paleontological, diagenetic and tectonically induced fabric data from carbonate clasts which, in addition to available geochemical and geochronological data from Shackleton Range, allow the paleoenvironmental reconstruction of a lost CambrianSeries 2mixed siliciclastic–carbonate platform that was developed and eroded during the Ross orogeny. Carbonate production was dominated by non-skeletal grains in possibly restricted platform-interior and oolitic shoal complex settings, while open subtidal sub-environments (calcimicrobe carpets, calcimicrobe–archaeocyath patch reefs, muddy bottoms) were dominated by a diverse calcimicrobe assemblage and/or by secondary to accessory heterozoan assemblage (archaeocyaths and other sponges, chancelloriids, hyoliths, coralomorphs, trilobites, echinoderms). We describe a Botoman assemblage with 34 archaeocyathan species among 12 existing archaeocyathan genera. A new archaeocyath family Shackletoncyathidae is proposed. New species (Rotundocyathus glaciussp. nov.,Buggischicyathus microporusgen. et sp. nov.,Paragnaltacyathus hoeflei,Shackletoncyathus buggischigen. et. sp. nov.,Santelmocyathus santelmoigen. et sp. nov.,Wegenercyathus sexangulaegen. et sp. nov.) andTabulaconus kordaecoralomorph are reported from Antarctica for the first time. Archaeocyathan fauna share few species with contemporary fauna of South Australia (9) and even fewer with the Antarctic platforms of the Shackleton Limestone (2) or the Schneider Hills limestone (1). Similarity is greater with Antarctic allochthonous assemblages of Permo-Carboniferous tillites from Ellsworth Mountains (2), Cenozoic deposits from King George Island (4) or Weddell Sea (1). The Shackleton Range lost/hidden platform shows a distinct entity related with its tectonosedimentary evolution, in a possible back-arc basin on the Mozambique seaway during the E and W Gondwana amalgamation, which distinguishes it from those developed on the palaeo-Pacific margin of the E Antarctic craton.
TGF-β1-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) migration via histone demethylase KDM6B mediated inhibition of methylation marker H3K27me3
Authors: He Qiting , Shi Jie , Liu Wei , Zhao Wei , Wang Zihao , Liu Kaiwen , Zhao Dawang , Wang Shaoyi , Guo Yongyuan , Cheng Lei , Gao Yuan
Published: July 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in clinical research and therapy. Since the number of MSCs migration is extremely crucial at the lesion site, exploring the mechanisms to enhance the migration of MSCs is necessary. Therefore, this study focused on the epigenetic mechanisms in MSCs migration. TGF-β1 stimulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to promote cell migration at lesion sites in vitro and in vivo. The mRNA and protein levels of several migration-related genes (N cadherin, CXCR4, FN1) were enhanced. The trimethylation marker H3K27me3 recruitment on the promoter of these genes were studied to dissect the epigenetic mechanisms. TGF-β1 elevated the levels of KDM6B leading to removal of repression marker H3K27me3 in the promoter region of N cadherins and FN1. Congruently, knockdown of demethylase KDM6B substantially affected the TGF-β1 induced BMSCs migration. This promoted the down-regulation of various migration-related genes. Collectively, epigenetic regulation played an important role in BMSCs migration, and H3K27me3 was at least partially involved in the migration of BMSCs induced by TGF-β1.
Hybrid magnetorheological elastomers enable versatile soft actuators
Authors: Moreno-Mateos Miguel Angel , Hossain Mokarram , Steinmann Paul , Garcia-Gonzalez Daniel
Published: July 2022

Recent advances in magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) have posed the question on whether the combination of both soft- and hard-magnetic particles may open new routes to design versatile multifunctional actuators. Here, we conceptualise ultra-soft hybrid MREs (≈1–10 kPa stiffness) combining experimental and computational approaches. First, a comprehensive experimental characterisation is performed. The results unravel that the magneto-mechanical performance of hybrid MREs can be optimised by selecting an adequate mixing ratio between particles. Then, a multi-physics computational framework provides insights into the synergistic magneto-mechanical interactions at the microscale. Soft particles amplify the magnetisation and hard particles contribute to torsional actuation. Our numerical results suggest that the effective response of hybrid MREs emerges from these intricate interactions. Overall, we uncover exciting possibilities to push the frontiers of MRE solutions. These are demonstrated by simulating a bimorph beam that provides actuation flexibility either enhancing mechanical bending or material stiffening, depending on the magnetic stimulation.
Mapping hydrologic alteration and ecological consequences in stream reaches of the conterminous United States
Authors: McManamay Ryan A. , George Rob , Morrison Ryan R. , Ruddell Benjamin L.
Published: July 2022

Environmental flows are critical for balancing societal water needs with that of riverine ecosystems; however, data limitations often hinder the development of predictive relationships between anthropogenic modifications to streamflow regimes and ecological responses – these relationships are the basis for setting regional water policy standards for rivers. Herein, we present and describe a comprehensive dataset of modeled hydrologic alteration and consequences for native fish biodiversity, both mapped at the stream-reach resolution for the conterminous U.S. Using empirical observations of reference conditions and anthropogenically altered streamflow at over 7000 stream gauges, we developed a predictive model of hydrologic alteration, which was extended to >2.6 million stream reaches. We then used a previous nationwide assessment of ecological responses to hydrologic alteration to predict fish biodiversity loss in stream reaches resulting from streamflow modification. Validation efforts suggested hydrologic alteration models had satisfactory performance, whereas modeled ecological responses were susceptible to compounded errors. The dataset could ameliorate regional data deficits for setting environmental flow standards while providing tools for prioritizing streamflow protection or restoration.
Authentication of smart grid communications using quantum key distribution
Authors: Alshowkan Muneer , Evans Philip G. , Starke Michael , Earl Duncan , Peters Nicholas A.
Published: July 2022

Smart grid solutions enable utilities and customers to better monitor and control energy use via information and communications technology. Information technology is intended to improve the future electric grid’s reliability, efficiency, and sustainability by implementing advanced monitoring and control systems. However, leveraging modern communications systems also makes the grid vulnerable to cyberattacks. Here we report the first use of quantum key distribution (QKD) keys in the authentication of smart grid communications. In particular, we make such demonstration on a deployed electric utility fiber network. The developed method was prototyped in a software package to manage and utilize cryptographic keys to authenticate machine-to-machine communications used for supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA). This demonstration showcases the feasibility of using QKD to improve the security of critical infrastructure, including future distributed energy resources (DERs), such as energy storage.
Bow-tie structures of twitter discursive communities
Authors: Mattei Mattia , Pratelli Manuel , Caldarelli Guido , Petrocchi Marinella , Saracco Fabio
Published: July 2022

Bow-tie structures were introduced to describe the World Wide Web (WWW): in the direct network in which the nodes are the websites and the edges are the hyperlinks connecting them, the greatest number of nodes takes part to abow-tie, i.e. a Weakly Connected Component (WCC) composed of 3 main sectors: IN, OUT and SCC. SCC is the main Strongly Connected Component of WCC, i.e. the greatest subgraph in which each node is reachable by any other one. The IN and OUT sectors are the set of nodes not included in SCC that, respectively, can access and are accessible to nodes in SCC. In the WWW, the greatest part of the websites can be found in the SCC, while the search engines belong to IN and the authorities, as Wikipedia, are in OUT. In the analysis of Twitter debate, the recent literature focused on discursive communities, i.e. clusters of accounts interacting among themselves via retweets. In the present work, we studied discursive communities in 8 different thematic Twitter datasets in various languages. Surprisingly, we observed that almost all discursive communities therein display a bow-tie structure during political or societal debates. Instead, they are absent when the argument of the discussion is different as sport events, as in the case of Euro2020 Turkish and Italian datasets. We furthermore analysed the quality of the content created in the various sectors of the different discursive communities, using the domain annotation from the fact-checking website Newsguard: we observe that, when the discursive community is affected by m/disinformation, the content with the lowest quality is the one produced and shared in SCC and, in particular, a strong incidence of low- or non-reputable messages is present in the flow of retweets between the SCC and the OUT sectors. In this sense, in discursive communities affected by m/disinformation, the greatest part of the accounts has access to a great variety of contents, but whose quality is, in general, quite low; such a situation perfectly describes the phenomenon of infodemic, i.e. the access to “an excessive amount of information about a problem, which makes it difficult to identify a solution”, according to WHO.
The microbial carbonate factory of Hamelin Pool, Shark Bay, Western Australia
Authors: Suosaari Erica P. , Reid R. Pamela , Mercadier Christophe , Vitek Brooke E. , Oehlert Amanda M. , Stolz John F. , Giusfredi Paige E. , Eberli Gregor P.
Published: July 2022

Microbialites and peloids are commonly associated throughout the geologic record. Proterozoic carbonate megafacies are composed predominantly of micritic and peloidal limestones often interbedded with stromatolitic textures. The association is also common throughout carbonate ramps and platforms during the Phanerozoic. Recent investigations reveal that Hamelin Pool, located in Shark Bay, Western Australia, is a microbial carbonate factory that provides a modern analog for the microbialite-micritic sediment facies associations that are so prevalent in the geologic record. Hamelin Pool contains the largest known living marine stromatolite system in the world. Although best known for the constructive microbial processes that lead to formation of these stromatolites, our comprehensive mapping has revealed that erosion and degradation of weakly lithified microbial mats in Hamelin Pool leads to the extensive production and accumulation of sand-sized micritic grains. Over 40 km2of upper intertidal shoreline in the pool contain unlithified to weakly lithified microbial pustular sheet mats, which erode to release irregular peloidal grains. In addition, over 20 km2of gelatinous microbial mats, with thin brittle layers of micrite, colonize subtidal pavements. When these gelatinous mats erode, the micritic layers break down to form platey, micritic intraclasts with irregular boundaries. Together, the irregular micritic grains from pustular sheet mats and gelatinous pavement mats make up nearly 26% of the total sediment in the pool, plausibly producing ~ 24,000 metric tons of microbial sediment per year. As such, Hamelin Pool can be seen as a microbial carbonate factory, with construction by lithifying microbial mats forming microbialites, and erosion and degradation of weakly lithified microbial mats resulting in extensive production of sand-sized micritic sediments. Insight from these modern examples may have direct applicability for recognition of sedimentary deposits of microbial origin in the geologic record.
Administration of probiotic lactic acid bacteria to modulate fecal microbiome in feedlot cattle
Authors: Mansilla Flavia Ivana , Ficoseco Cecilia Aristimuño , Miranda María Hortencia , Puglisi Edoardo , Nader-Macías María Elena Fatima , Vignolo Graciela Margarita , Fontana Cecilia Alejandra
Published: July 2022

Modulation of animal gut microbiota is a prominent function of probiotics to improve the health and performance of livestock. In this study, a large-scale survey to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria probiotics on shaping the fecal bacterial community structure of feedlot cattle during three experimental periods of the fattening cycle (163 days) was performed. A commercial feedlot located in northwestern Argentina was enrolled with cattle fed mixed rations (forage and increasing grain diet) and a convenience-experimental design was conducted. A pen (n = 21 animals) was assigned to each experimental group that received probiotics during three different periods. Groups of n = 7 animals were sampled at 40, 104 and 163 days and these samples were then pooled to one, thus giving a total of 34 samples that were subjected to high-throughput sequencing. The microbial diversity of fecal samples was significantly affected (p < 0.05) by the administration period compared with probiotic group supplementation. Even though, the three experimental periods of probiotic administration induced changes in the relative abundance of the most representative bacterial communities, the fecal microbiome of samples was dominated by the Firmicutes (72–98%) and Actinobacteria (0.8–27%) phyla, while a lower abundance of Bacteroidetes (0.08–4.2%) was present. Probiotics were able to modulate the fecal microbiota with a convergence of Clostridiaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae associated with health and growth benefits as core microbiome members. Metabolic functional prediction comparing three experimental administration periods (40, 104 and 163 days) showed an enrichment of metabolic pathways related to complex plant-derived polysaccharide digestion as well as amino acids and derivatives during the first 40 days of probiotic supplementation. Genomic-based knowledge on the benefits of autochthonous probiotics on cattle gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota composition and functions will contribute to their selection as antibiotic alternatives for commercial feedlot.
Center-environment feature models for materials image segmentation based on machine learning
Authors: Han Yuexing , Li Ruiqi , Yang Shen , Chen Qiaochuan , Wang Bing , Liu Yi
Published: July 2022

Materials properties depend not only on their compositions but also their microstructures under various processing conditions. So far, the analyses of complex microstructure images rely mostly on human experience, lack of automatic quantitative characterization methods. Machine learning provides an emerging vital tool to identify various complex materials phases in an intelligent manner. In this work, we propose a “center-environment segmentation” (CES) feature model for image segmentation based on machine learning method with environment features and the annotation input of domain knowledge. The CES model introduces the information of neighbourhood as the features of a given pixel, reflecting the relationships between the studied pixel and its surrounding environment. Then, an iterative integrated machine learning method is adopted to train and correct the image segmentation model. The CES model was successfully applied to segment seven different material images with complex texture ranging from steels to woods. The overall performance of the CES method in determining boundary contours is better than many conventional methods in the case study of the segmentation of steel image. This work shows that the iterative introduction of domain knowledge and environment features improve the accuracy of machine learning based image segmentation for various complex materials microstructures.
Salinity of irrigation water selects distinct bacterial communities associated with date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) root
Authors: Shamim Azra , Sanka Loganathachetti Dinesh , Chandran Subha , Masmoudi Khaled , Mundra Sunil
Published: July 2022

Saline water irrigation has been used in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) agriculture as an alternative to non-saline water due to water scarcity in hyper-arid environments. However, the knowledge pertaining to saline water irrigation impact on the root-associated bacterial communities of arid agroecosystems is scarce. In this study, we investigated the effect of irrigation sources (non-saline freshwater vs saline groundwater) on date palm root-associated bacterial communities using 16S rDNA metabarcoding. The bacterial richness, Shannon diversity and evenness didn’t differ significantly between the irrigation sources. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and irrigation water pH were negatively related to Shannon diversity and evenness respectively, while soil organic matter displayed a positive correlation with Shannon diversity. 40.5% of total Operational Taxonomic Units were unique to non-saline freshwater irrigation, while 26% were unique to saline groundwater irrigation. The multivariate analyses displayed strong structuring of bacterial communities according to irrigation sources, and both soil EC and irrigation water pH were the major factors affecting bacterial communities. The genera Bacillus, Micromonospora and Mycobacterium were dominated while saline water irrigation whereas contrasting pattern was observed for Rhizobium, Streptomyces and Acidibacter. Taken together, we suggest that date-palm roots select specific bacterial taxa under saline groundwater irrigation, which possibly help in alleviating salinity stress and promote growth of the host plant.
Synthesis of CuO nanoparticles stabilized with gelatin for potential use in food packaging applications
Authors: Gvozdenko A. A. , Siddiqui S. A. , Blinov A. V. , Golik A. B. , Nagdalian A. A. , Maglakelidze D. G. , Statsenko E. N. , Pirogov M. A. , Blinova A. A. , Sizonenko M. N. , Simonov A. N. , Zhukov R. B. , Kolesnikov R. O. , Ibrahim S. A.
Published: July 2022

In the present study, a method for the synthesis of gelatin-stabilized copper oxide nanoparticles was developed. Synthesis was carried out by direct chemical precipitation. Copper sulfate, chloride, and acetate were used as precursors for the copper oxide synthesis. Gelatin was used as a stabilizer. It was found that the formation of monophase copper oxide II only occurred when copper acetate was used as a precursor. Our results showed that particles of the smallest diameter are formed in an aqueous medium (18 ± 6 nm), and those of th largest diameter—in an isobutanol medium (370 ± 131 nm). According to the photon correlation spectroscopy data, copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized in an aqueous medium were highly stable and had a monomodal size distribution with an average hydrodynamic radius of 61 nm. The study of the pH effect on the colloidal stability of copper oxide nanoparticles showed that the sample was stable in the pH range of 6.8 to 11.98. A possible mechanism for the pH influence on the stability of copper oxide nanoparticles is described. The effect of the ionic strength of the solution on the stability of the CuO nanoparticles sol was also studied, and the results showed that Ca2+ ions had the greatest effect on the sample stability. IR spectroscopy showed that the interaction of CuO nanoparticles with gelatin occurred through the hydroxyl group. It was found that CuO nanoparticles stabilized with gelatin have a fungicidal activity at concentration equivalent 2.5 · 10−3 mol/L and as a material for food nanopackaging can provide an increase in the shelf life of products on the example of strawberries and tomatoes. We investigated the possibility of using methylcellulose films modified with CuO nanoparticles for packaging and storage of hard cheese “Holland”. The distribution of CuO nanoparticles in the methylcellulose film was uniform. We found that methylcellulose films modified with CuO nanoparticles inhibited the growth and development of QMAFAM, coliforms, yeast and mold in experimental cheese sa mples. Our research has shown that during the cheese storage in thermostat at 35 ± 1 °C for 7 days, CuO nanoparticles migrated to the product from the film. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that the maximum change in the concentration of copper in the experimental samples was only 0.12 µg/mg, which is not a toxic concentration. In general, the small value of migration of CuO nanoparticles confirms the high stability of the developed preparation. Our results indicated that the CuO nanoparticles stabilized with gelatin have a high potential for use in food packaging – both as an independent nanofilm and as part of other packaging materials.
Deep learning to distinguish Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD) from adult-onset vitelliform macular degeneration (AVMD)
Authors: Crincoli Emanuele , Zhao Zhanlin , Querques Giuseppe , Sacconi Riccardo , Carlà Matteo Maria , Giannuzzi Federico , Ferrara Silvia , Ribarich Nicolò , L’Abbate Gaia , Rizzo Stanislao , Souied Eric H. , Miere Alexandra
Published: July 2022

Initial stages of Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD) and adult vitelliform macular dystrophy (AVMD) harbor similar blue autofluorescence (BAF) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features. Nevertheless, BVMD is characterized by a worse final stage visual acuity (VA) and an earlier onset of critical VA loss. Currently, differential diagnosis requires an invasive and time-consuming process including genetic testing, electrooculography (EOG), full field electroretinogram (ERG), and visual field testing. The aim of our study was to automatically classify OCT and BAF images from stage II BVMD and AVMD eyes using a deep learning algorithm and to identify an image processing method to facilitate human-based clinical diagnosis based on non-invasive tests like BAF and OCT without the use of machine-learning technology. After the application of a customized image processing method, OCT images were characterized by a dark appearance of the vitelliform deposit in the case of BVMD and a lighter inhomogeneous appearance in the case of AVMD. By contrast, a customized method for processing of BAF images revealed that BVMD and AVMD were characterized respectively by the presence or absence of a hypo-autofluorescent region of retina encircling the central hyperautofluorescent foveal lesion. The human-based evaluation of both BAF and OCT images showed significantly higher correspondence to ground truth reference when performed on processed images. The deep learning classifiers based on BAF and OCT images showed around 90% accuracy of classification with both processed and unprocessed images, which was significantly higher than human performance on both processed and unprocessed images. The ability to differentiate between the two entities without recurring to invasive and expensive tests may offer a valuable clinical tool in the management of the two diseases.
Application of machine learning for inter turn fault detection in pumping system
Authors: Dutta Nabanita , Kaliannan Palanisamy , Shanmugam Paramasivam
Published: July 2022

Pump fault diagnosis is essential for the maintenance and safety of the device as it is an important appliance used in various major sectors. Fault diagnosis at the proper time can reduce maintenance costs and save energy. This article uses a Simulink model based on mathematical equations to analyze the effects of parameter estimation of three-phase induction motor-based centrifugal pumps in inter-turn fault conditions. The inter-turn fault causes a massive in, a massive increase in current, which severely affects the parameters of both motor and pump. These have been analyzed by simulation through the Matlab Simulink model. Later, the results are verified by a hardware in loop (HIL) based simulator. In this paper, machine learning (ML) based artificial neural network (ANN) and ANFIS (ANN and Fuzzy) models have been applied for fault detection. ANN and ANFIS-based models provide a satisfactory level of accuracy. These models provide accurate training and testing results. Based on root mean square error (RMSE), R2, prediction accuracy, and mean validation value, these models are compared to find out which is more suitable for this experiment. Various supervised algorithms are compared with ANN, ANFIS, and lastly, found which is the most suitable for this experiment.
Deep learning-based tool affects reproducibility of pes planus radiographic assessment
Authors: Koo Jalim , Hwang Sangchul , Han Seung Hwan , Lee Junho , Lee Hye Sun , Park Goeun , Kim Hyeongmin , Choi Jiae , Kim Sungjun
Published: July 2022

Angle measurement methods for measuring pes planus may lose consistency by errors between observers. If the feature points for angle measurement can be provided in advance with the algorithm developed through the deep learning method, it is thought that the error between the observers can be reduced. A total of 300 weightbearing lateral radiographs were used for the development of the deep learning-based algorithm, and a total of 95 radiographs were collected for the clinical validation test set. Meary angle (MA) and calcaneal pitch (CP) were selected as measurement methods and measured twice by three less-experienced physicians with the algorithm-based tool and twice without. The intra- and inter-observer agreements of MA and CP measures were assessed via intra-class correlation coefficient. In addition, verification of the improvement of measurement performance by the algorithm was performed. Interobserver agreements for MA and CP measurements with algorithm were more improved than without algorithm. As for agreement with reference standard, combining the results of all readers, both MA and CP with algorithm were greater than those without algorithm. The deep learning algorithm tool is expected to improve the reproducibility of radiographic measurements for pes planus, especially by improving inter-observer agreement.
Structural diagnosis of benthic invertebrate communities in relation to salinity gradient in Baltic coastal lake ecosystems using biological trait analysis
Authors: Matela Mikołaj , Obolewski Krystian
Published: July 2022

This study is based on biological trait analysis (BTA), which provides a link between the distribution and biological characteristics of species. The paper investigates differences in the structure and functional diversity of benthic fauna in terms of seven biological traits (mobility, habitat, feeding type, habitat modification, body form, body size and feeding apparatus) in nine Baltic coastal lakes whose salinity ranged from 0.1 to 7.3 PSU. Mobile organisms were more common in lakes with higher salinity, while sessile and semi-mobile species preferred low-salinity or freshwater environments. There were also noticeable differences connected with feeding type: collectors and scrapers were more common in brackish lakes, and collectors were significantly dominant in freshwater and transitional ones. This indicates that Baltic coastal lakes are inhabited by similar species of benthic fauna, but that certain biological traits occur with different frequencies. We therefore identified features that may affect the functioning of coastal lakes with a relatively narrow salinity gradient (0.1–7.3 PSU). It seems to confirm the possibility of using BTA methods to determine key characteristics that are helpful for understanding the differences between aquatic ecosystems. The results may provide a basis for further research on changes in the functional diversity of lakes along the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, particularly in view of climate change, given their being small, shallow and less resilient lakes.
Artificial intelligence based optimization with deep learning model for blockchain enabled intrusion detection in CPS environment
Authors: Mansour Romany F.
Published: July 2022

Cyber physical system (CPS) is a network of cyber and physical elements, which interact with one another in a feedback form. CPS approves critical infrastructure and is treated as essential in day to day since it forms the basis of futuristic smart devices. An increased usage of CPSs poses security as a challenging issue and intrusion detection systems (IDS) can be applied for the identification of network intrusions. The latest advancements in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) enables to design effective IDS models for the CPS environment. At the same time, metaheuristic algorithms can be employed as a feature selection approach in order to reduce the curse of dimensionality. With this motivation, this study develops a novel Poor and Rich Optimization with Deep Learning Model for Blockchain Enabled Intrusion Detection in CPS Environment, called PRO-DLBIDCPS technique. The proposed PRO-DLBIDCPS technique initially introduces an Adaptive Harmony Search Algorithm (AHSA) based feature selection technique for proper selection of feature subsets. For intrusion detection and classification, and attention based bi-directional gated recurrent neural network (ABi-GRNN) model is applied. In addition, the detection efficiency of the ABi-GRNN technique has been enhanced by the use of Poor and rich optimization (PRO) algorithm based hyperparameter optimizer, which resulted in enhanced intrusion detection results. Furthermore, blockchain technology is applied for enhancing security in the CPS environment. In order to demonstrate the enhanced outcomes of the PRO-DLBIDCPS technique, a wide range of simulations was carried out on benchmark dataset and the results reported the better outcomes of the PRO-DLBIDCPS technique in terms of several measures.
Use of waste fish oil biodiesel blended with aluminium oxide nanoparticle in IC engines: an experimental on performance, combustion and emission study
Authors: Thamarai Kannan B. , Sathish T. , Sathyamurthy Ravishankar , Erko Kuma Gowwomsa
Published: July 2022

Alternate fuels are in great need as the world's natural resources are depleting with continuous consumption. Furthermore, with a continuous increase in the use of conventional fuel which emits a large number of harmful pollutants to the environment and thus increasing global warming, the need for alternative fuel is in great need. This investigation thus focused on the impact identification on the use of biodiesel from fish waste-based biodiesel [BDWFO (Bio-Diesel of Waste Fish Oil)] with Nanoparticles in single cylinder water cooled IC engine. The fish wastes in fish processing industries/fish markets are used to produce oil and its biodiesel is produced by the transesterification method. The individual BDWFO, Diesel, and blends of 20% of BDWFO were tested with the engine. Then another two combinations of fuel created 200 ppm of 40 nm Aluminium Oxide nanoparticles (AN) mixed with BDWFO, blends of 20% of BDWFO. These five fuels were considered to study the engine performance, combustion, and emissions from the exhaust. The experimental results confirmed the presence of aluminium oxide nanoparticles in BDWFO provides improved engine performance and reduced emissions from exhaust gas except for CO2.
Quantitative analysis of exosomes in the aqueous humor of Korean patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma
Authors: An Hyo Jung , Cho Hyun-kyung , Song Dae Hyun , Kee Changwon
Published: July 2022

We aimed to quantitatively analyze the exosome and its cargo in individual aqueous humor (AH) samples from pseudoexfoliation (PEX) glaucoma patients compared to controls using a novel detection platform. We investigated the size distribution and measured the quantitative exosome particle counts in each AH sample. AH (80–120 µL) was obtained during cataract surgery or glaucoma filtering surgery from 12 Korean subjects (six with PEX glaucoma and six age-matched controls). The mean size of the exosomes was 58.9 ± 18.5 nm measured by a tangential flow filtration system using single-particle interferometric reflectance imaging sensor. Exosome particle count in each CD 63, CD 81, and CD9 spot was significantly greater in PEX glaucoma than in controls in total, CD 63, CD9, syntenin, and scattering(all p < 0.003). The CD63 spot showed a particle count of 8319.1 ± 797.7 in PEX glaucoma patients and 4786.8 ± 1302.1 in controls (p = 1.88E−11). Individual fluorescent capture spot images also revealed denser exosome particles in PEX patients than in controls. Syntenin, indicating exosomal origin, was detected in all AH samples. Exosomes differentially detected in AH suggest the possible role of exosomes in the pathogenesis of PEX glaucoma.
Clinical identification of the stimulus intensity to measure temporal summation of second pain
Authors: Moriguchi Daisuke , Ishigaki Shoichi , Lin Xiaoyu , Kuyama Kotaro , Koishi Yukiko , Takaoka Ryota , Svensson Peter , Yatani Hirofumi
Published: July 2022

Temporal summation of second pain (TSSP) has been suggested as a psychophysical index for central sensitization, one of the critical mechanisms in the chronification of pain. However, there is no gold standard for protocols to measure TSSP. The purpose was to establish the stimulus intensity for measuring TSSP. Female patients with chronic myofascial temporomandibular disorders pain (n = 16) and healthy female volunteers with no pain (n = 15) participated. Pain thresholds (PT °C) were measured, and repetitive heat stimuli at three stimulus intensities (PT °C, PT + 1 °C, PT + 2 °C) were applied. TSSP parameters were quantified as TSSP magnitude (TSm) and TSSP frequency (TSf). In healthy female volunteers, pain ratings significantly decreased at PT °C (p < 0.050), besides TSm and TSf at PT + 2 °C were significantly higher than those at PT °C (p < 0.025). In chronic pain patients, pain ratings significantly increased at PT + 1 °C and PT + 2 °C (p < 0.050). At PT + 2 °C, TSm and TSf in chronic pain patients were significantly higher than those in healthy volunteers (p < 0.050). It could be helpful to measure TSSP with the stimulus intensity adjusted individually to the patient’s pain thresholds + 2 °C for assessing central sensitization.
Prime editor-mediated correction of a pathogenic mutation in purebred dogs
Authors: Kim Dong Ern , Lee Ji Hye , Ji Kuk Bin , Lee Eun Ji , Li Chuang , Oh Hyun Ju , Park Kang Sun , Lee Seung Hoon , Koo Okjae , Kim Min Kyu
Published: July 2022

Canine hip dysplasia (HD) is a multifactorial disease caused by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. HD, which mainly occurs in medium- to large-sized dogs, is a disease that causes severe pain and requires surgical intervention. However, the procedure is not straight-forward, and the only way to ameliorate the situation is to exclude individual dogs with HD from breeding programs. Recently, prime editing (PE), a novel genome editing tool based on the CRISPR-Cas9 system, has been developed and validated in plants and mice. In this study, we successfully corrected a mutation related to HD in Labrador retriever dogs for the first time. We collected cells from a dog diagnosed with HD, corrected the mutation using PE, and generated mutation-corrected dogs by somatic cell nuclear transfer. The results indicate that PE technology can potentially be used as a platform to correct genetic defects in dogs.
Mesenchymal stem cells exert renoprotection via extracellular vesicle-mediated modulation of M2 macrophages and spleen-kidney network
Authors: Shimamura Yuko , Furuhashi Kazuhiro , Tanaka Akihito , Karasawa Munetoshi , Nozaki Tomoya , Komatsu Shintaro , Watanabe Kenshi , Shimizu Asuka , Minatoguchi Shun , Matsuyama Makoto , Sawa Yuriko , Tsuboi Naotake , Ishimoto Takuji , Suzuki Hiroshi I. , Maruyama Shoichi
Published: July 2022

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have shown therapeutic potentials against refractory diseases. However, the detailed therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report the therapeutic actions of human ASCs in nephritis, focusing on cellular dynamics and multi-organ networks. Intravenously-administered ASCs accumulated in spleen but not kidneys. Nevertheless, ASCs increased M2 macrophages and Tregs in kidneys and drove strong renoprotection. Splenectomy abolished these therapeutic effects. ASC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) were transferred to M2 macrophages, which entered the bloodstream from spleen. EVs induced the transcriptomic signatures of hyperpolarization and PGE2 stimulation in M2 macrophages and ameliorated glomerulonephritis. ASCs, ASC-derived EVs, and EV-transferred M2 macrophages enhanced Treg induction. These findings suggest that EV transfer from spleen-accumulated ASCs to M2 macrophages and subsequent modulation of renal immune-environment underlie the renoprotective effects of ASCs. Our results provide insights into the therapeutic actions of ASCs, focusing on EV-mediated modulation of macrophages and the spleen-kidney immune network.
Mining bitcoins with carbon capture and renewable energy for carbon neutrality across states in the USA
Authors: Niaz Haider , Shams Mohammad H. , Liu Jay J. , You Fengqi
Published: July 2022

Bitcoin mining in the U.S. will be more sustainable with more renewables in the grid, lower electricity prices, and carbon capture and storage.
Palladium metallaphotoredox-catalyzed 3-acylation of indole derivatives
Authors: Wang Xinmou , Yu Mo , Song Hongjian , Liu Yuxiu , Wang Qingmin
Published: July 2022

3-Acylindole motifs are wildly found in pharmaceuticals and biologically active alkaloids.
Tunable electromagnetic properties of Ti3C2Tx/rGO foams decorated with NiO particles
Authors: Zhang Fan , Shang Siyang , Li Yaya , Fan Bingbing , Zhang Rui , Zhao Biao , Lu Hongxia , Ma Chengliang
Published: July 2022

Ti3C2Tx MXene-based composites are attractive for using as the electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) materials due to the multiple polarizations.
Hydrolysis of a carbamate triggered by coordination of metal ions
Authors: Fernández-Fariña Sandra , Martínez-Calvo Miguel , Romero María J. , Seco José M. , Zaragoza Guillermo , Pedrido Rosa , González-Noya Ana M.
Published: July 2022

The coordination of metal ions to a carbamate ligand triggers its hydrolysis, which ends up in self-immolation of the complex releasing new metal species, a pendant molecule (A) and CO2.
Synthesis of rare-earth metal complexes with a morpholine-functionalized β-diketiminato ligand and their catalytic activities towards C–O and C–N bond formation
Authors: Zhu Xiancui , He Jinqiang , Yang Yuanqing , Zhou Shuangliu , Wei Yun , Wang Shaowu
Published: July 2022

Novel rare-earth-metal-complexes catalyzed the C–O and C–N bond construction through alcoholysis of isothiocyanates and aminolysis of epoxides.
Synthesis, crystal structure, EPR, and DFT studies of an unusually distorted vanadium(ii) complex
Authors: Charles Philip , Gaspard Mallory E. , Alvarez Santiago , Ziegler Micah S. , Baldansuren Amgalanbaatar , Armstrong William H. , Lakshmi K. V. , Bonitatibus Peter J.
Published: July 2022

Hyperfine coupling constants predicted by DFT in the most highly distorted four-coordinate d3 (VII) ion exhibit exceptional agreement with EPR.
A label-free aptasensor for rapid detection of clenbuterol based on SYBR Green I
Authors: Xiao Shuyan , Sun Liang , Lu Jiping , Dong Zhongping
Published: July 2022

A label-free fluorescent aptasensor was constructed using aptamer as recognition element and SYBR Green I as signal reporter.
A review on recent advances in selective and sensitive detection of heavy toxic metal ions in water using g-C3N4-based heterostructured composites
Authors: Ayodhya Dasari
Published: July 2022

The fabrication of g-C3N4nanosheet-based sensing platforms for the detection or removal of heavy toxic metal ions from wastewater has a great interest due to their unique properties and these are carcinogenic and lead to serious health concerns.
Nucleotide(s)-mediated simultaneous N, P co-doped reduced graphene oxide (N, P-rGO) porous nanohybrids as high-performance electrode materials for designing sustainable binder-free high-voltage (2.8 V) aqueous symmetric supercapacitors and electrochemical sensors
Authors: Ahmad Ikrar , Kumar Anil
Published: July 2022

The 5′-AMP-mediated simultaneous reduction and co-doping of N and P into GO yielded high-performance electrode material (N, P-rGO) with defects and active centres for designing of binder-free 2.8 V aqueous SSC and sensing of dopamine and serotonin.
Microstructural changes of concentrated Newtonian suspensions in the first oscillation cycles probed with linear and non-linear rheology
Authors: Minale Mario , Martone Raffaella , Carotenuto Claudia
Published: July 2022

The first cycle of oscillation induces a significant microstructure declustering at any strain amplitude. The microstructure reorganization starts at the first reversal of flow. The Cox–Merz rule is regained by focusing on the first quarter of the cycle.
Construction of α-Ga2O3-ZnO heterojunction for a promoted performance applied in self-powered solar blind photodetector
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Deng Jianrong , Zhang Dan , Huang Lijuan , Hu Zhengrui , Zhou Shuren , Zhang Hong , Ye Lijuan , Xiong Yuanqiang , Kong Chunyang , Li Honglin , Li Wanjun
Published: July 2022

Gallium oxide-based photoelectrochemical photodetectors (PEC-PDs) have received extensive attention for their natural self-powered characteristic and detection capability in solar-blind region. In this work, ZnO nanoparticles decorated α-Ga2O3 nanorods heterojunction (α-Ga2O3-ZnO) are synthesized on FTO conductive glass substrates as photoanodes for PEC-PDs. The efficient regulation of performance for α-Ga2O3-ZnO heterojunction PEC-PDs is achieved by varying the ZnO nanoparticles concentration. Experimental results show that all devices exhibit self-powered solar blind detection characteristics and the performance of ZnO nanoparticles decorated devices are all better than that of pristine α-Ga2O3. When the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles reaches to a certain value, the responsivity attains the maximum value as high as 34.2 mA/W, and the response time is as low as 0.25/0.18 s. Combined with first-principles calculations, the mechanism of the improved performance is discussed in detail. The results reveal that that the contact between α-Ga2O3 and ZnO can induce charges transfer, which constitutes a built-in electric field that acts as a driving force to separate the photogenerated carriers into different sections. This process can effectively prevent the recombination of photogenerated carriers and prolong the lifetime of e––h+, thus improve the overall detection performance finally. This work will provide meaningful guidance for the development of novel high-performance self-powered solar-blind deep-UV photodetectors.
How to promote mobile phone trade-in and the integration of green supply chain from the perspective of multi-party game theory
Authors: Hu Xinyi , Li Xin , Luo Fanjie , Wang Minxi , Liu Litao
Published: July 2022

In the era of economic globalization, product trading markets are strongly impacted. The comprehensive utilization of e-waste is an important way to integrate green supply chains and improve resource utilization efficiency. Based on retailers and e-commerce platforms as mobile phone recycling entities, this paper constructs a dual-channel green supply chain dynamic game model and examines the impact of the trade-in strategy on the integration of the green supply chain. The results show that offset price, recovery price, and recovery quantity are positively correlated with the income through their respective channels. The transfer payment price is positively correlated with the revenue of the two channels. Trade-in strategy will increase the offset price, recovery price, and manufacturers’ profits. However, the profits of retailers and e-commerce platforms are affected by the substitutability coefficient between channels and the sensitivity of recovery price. The optimal equilibrium in the supply chain is conducive to integrate waste mobile phone green supply chain, effectively cope with the impact on the global mobile phone manufacturing supply chain, and promote the realization of the “dual carbon” goal.
Monitoring orthodontic tooth movement in rats after piezocision by bone scintigraphy
Authors: Beindorff Nicola , Papadopoulos Nikolaos , Hoffmann Stefan , Mohan Ajay-Mohan , Lukas Mathias , Brenner Winfried , Jost-Brinkmann Paul-Georg , Präger Thomas
Published: July 2022

Aim Piezocision, corticocision of mineralized tissue by ultrasound showed promising results in accelerating tooth movement induced by orthodontic appliances although the biologic effects of this procedure are not well-understood so far. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of piezocision on bone remodeling in rats by bone SPECT imaging.

Material and Methods Ten male Wistar rats underwent surgical placement of orthodontic appliances on each side of the maxilla followed by piezocision on one side only. Each rat underwent 99mTc-MDP bone SPECT/CT imaging before surgery (T0), and 2 (T1) and 4 weeks (T2) after surgery. Bone uptake is expressed as median [IQR] min-max in percentage of the injected activity per ml computed from the 10 voxels with the highest uptake (%IAmax10/ml).

Results Pooled data regardless of the piezocision showed a significant increase in bone uptake from T0 (3.2 [2.8–3.9] 2.6–4.9) to T1 (4.4 [3.8–4.6] 3.4–4.8; p = 0.001). Thereafter, the uptake decreased to T2 (3.8 [3.1–4.4] 2.8–4.8; p = 0.116). No significant differences in bone uptake were found between the maxilla sides without and with piezocision: T1: without (4.3 [3.8–4.5] 3.4–4.8) vs. with (4.5 [3.7–4.6] 3.5–4.7; p=0.285), T2: without (4.0 [3.1–4.5] 2.8–4.8) vs. with (3.7 [3.0–4.4] 2.8–4.8; p=0.062).

Conclusion
99mTc-MDP bone SPECT imaging in rats was able to reproduce changes in bone uptake in the maxilla after placement of orthodontic appliances inducing measurable tooth movement. An additional effect of piezocision on bone remodeling in terms of bone uptake was not detectable which is probably due to the pronounced and significant effects induced by the orthodontic appliances per se, which may mask the potential effects of additional piezocision.
Aachener Sturzpass App
Authors: Rasche Peter , Schäfer Katharina , Theis Sabine , Seinsch Tobias , Bröhl Christina , Wille Matthias , Knobe Matthias , Vollmar Horst Christian , Mertens Alexander
Published: July 2022

Stürze sind eine große Herausforderung für Betroffene und das Gesundheitswesen. Die „Aachener Sturzpass App“ ist eine digitale Gesundheitsanwendung, die es älteren Patienten (Personen über 50 Jahre) ermöglicht, ihr individuelles Sturzrisiko selbstständig via Smartphone einzuschätzen und zu überwachen. Die Selbsteinschätzung basiert auf der „Aachener Sturzpräventionsskala“, die aus 3 Schritten besteht. Zunächst beantworten die Patienten 10 standardisierte Ja-Nein-Fragen (positives Kriterium ≥ 5 „Ja“-Antworten). Zweitens wird ein 10 Sekunden andauernder Test des freien Stehens ohne Ausgleichsbewegung durchgeführt (positives Kriterium: Ausgleichsbewegung). Im dritten Schritt schließlich bewerten die Patienten ihr subjektives Sturzrisiko auf einer 10-Punkte-Likert-Skala, ausgehend von einer Erläuterung der positiven Kriterien der Testschritte 1 und 2.