bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harnessing strong symmetry breaking finite-component system phase transition for quantum error correction
Authors: Zhu Yanzhang , Hwang Myung-Joong
Published: September 2024

We investigate a dissipative finite-component system phase transition induced by two photon loss mechanism, which features a strong symmetry breaking of the Liouvillian. We characterize the mean-field phase diagram and demonstrate that the system could be harnessed to implement passive error correction for a hybrid qubit-oscillator qubit.
Beyond Beam Splitters: Efficiently Decomposing Large Unitaries into Multimode Devices of Arbitrary Size
Authors: Arends Christian , Wolf Lasse , Meinecke Jasmin , Barkhofen Sonja , Weich Tobias , Bartley Tim J.
Published: September 2024

Linear optical quantum computing and simulation typically relies on decomposing large unitaries into many 2x2 subunitaries comprising beam splitters and phase shifters. We provide a rigorous decomposition into larger subunitaries, which offer significant scaling improvements.
Microwave-optical transduction using high overtone bulk acoustic resonators on silicon nitride photonics
Authors: Blésin Terence , Kao Wil , Siddharth Anat , Wang Rui N. , Attanasio Alaina , Tian Hao , Bhave Sunil A. , Kippenberg Tobias J.
Published: September 2024

Integrating aluminum nitride piezoelectric actuators on silicon nitride photonic circuits realizes bidirectional conversion between microwave S- and optical C-bands. On-chip generation of microwave pulses through down-conversion suggests potential as photonic interconnect for cryogenic circuits.
A two-dimensional optomechanical crystal for quantum transduction
Authors: Mayor Felix M. , Malik Sultan , Primo André G. , Gyger Samuel , Jiang Wentao , Alegre Thiago P. M. , Safavi-Naeini Amir H.
Published: September 2024

Optomechanical crystals are a promising platform for scalable quantum information processing. Current experiments for microwave-to-optical transduction remain limited by laser-induced heating. Here we present a qubit-compatible two-dimensional op-tomechanical crystal displaying improved thermal anchoring.
Dual approaches for the development of robust, scalable, ultra-low-noise quantum frequency converters for NV center qubits
Authors: Elsen Florian , Jungbluth Bernd , Geus Jan Fabian , Huber Hans , Hollstein Ludwig , Häfner Constantin
Published: September 2024

Quantum Frequency Converters (QFC) are key components for quantum networks, ensuring interconnectivity over large distances and in hybrid systems. We present two approaches for NV center QFC with highest-performance and the potential for commercialization.
Quantum imaging with undetected photons: single-frame complex image reconstruction using off-axis holography
Authors: Pearce Emma , Wolley Osian , Mekhail Simon , Gregory Thomas , Gemmell Nathan R. , Oulton Rupert F. , Clark Alex S. , Phillips Chris C. , Padgett Miles J.
Published: September 2024

We demonstrate single-frame reconstruction of infrared transmission and phase images using a silicon camera, by applying off-axis holography to quantum imaging with undetected photons. This enables single-frame, video-rate infrared imaging with visible detection.
Non-Interferometric Quantitative Phase Imaging Enhanced by Quantum Correlations
Authors: Paniate Alberto , Ortolano Giuseppe , Boucher Pauline , Napoli Carmine , Soman Sarika , Pereira Silvania F. , Berchera Ivano Ruo , Genovese Marco
Published: September 2024

We exploit quantum correlations to enhance quantitative phase retrieval of an object in a non-interferometric setting, only measuring the propagated intensity pattern after interaction with the object
Demonstration of a Squeezed Light Source on Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Without Periodic Poling
Authors: Arge Tummas Napoleon , Jo Seongmin , Nguyen Huy Quang , Lenzini Francesco , Holbøll Nielsen Jens Arnbak , Pernice Wolfram , Neergaard-Nielsen Jonas Schou , Gehring Tobias , Andersen Ulrik Lund
Published: September 2024

Squeezed quantum states are the fundamental building block for continuous-variable quantum computing. We demonstrate a squeezed light source on an integrated LNOI platform with a shot noise reduction of 0.5 dB without periodic poling.
Hybrid III-V/Silicon photonic circuits embedding generation and routing of entangled photon pairs
Authors: Lazzari Lorenzo , Schuhmann Jérémie , Lemaître Aristide , Amanti Maria I. , Boeuf Frédéric , Raineri Fabrice , Baboux Florent , Ducci Sara
Published: September 2024

We demonstrate a hybrid AlGaAs/Silicon quantum photonic device combining the strong second-order nonlinearity and compliance with electrical pumping of the III-V semiconductor platform with the high maturity and CMOS compatibility of the silicon photonic circuitry.
Automated Quantum State Tomography of Four Bell States Generated by Compact SPDC Source
Authors: Elsehimy Sondos R. , Kallaf Khaled , Kotb Hussein E. , Hegazy Salem F. , Omran Haitham
Published: September 2024

The high fidelity of the four maximally entangled two-photon states, generated by a compact type-I SPDC source, is verified using automated quantum state tomography system.
Quasiparticle dynamics in a superconducting qubit irradiated by a localized infrared source
Authors: Benevides R. , Drimmer M. , Bisson G. , Adinolfi F. , Lüpke U. v. , Doeleman H. M. , Catelani G. , Chu Y.
Published: September 2024

We systematically study the properties of a transmon qubit under illumination by focused infrared radiation with various powers, durations, and spatial locations. Our observations agree with a model of low-energy quasiparticle dynamics dominated by trapping.
Controlling All Degrees of Freedom of the Optical Coupling in Hybrid Quantum Photonics
Authors: Lettner Niklas , Antoniuk Lukas , Ovvyan Anna P. , Agafonov Viatcheslav , Pernice Wolfram H. P. , Kubanek Alexander
Published: September 2024

Combining emitters in nanodiamonds with silicon nitrid photonic crystal cavities in a hybrid quantum phonics enables control over all degrees of freedom of the optical coupling.
Implementation of Cryogenic Amplifier by Using Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detector
Authors: Babaghorbani Behnoosh , Zadeh Iman Esmaeil
Published: September 2024

Measuring superconducting materials near absolute zero Kelvin poses challenges due to low output voltage. This study presents a cryogenic amplifier for ultra-low temperatures, fabricable on the same chip as the material, replacing noisy room temperature setups.
Non-degenerate correlated SPDC photon source for UV-A illumination
Authors: Goswami Preetisha , Basset Marta Gilaberte , Fuenzalida Jorge , Gräfe Markus , Gili Valerio Flavio
Published: September 2024

We present a correlated photon source consisting of a BBO nonlinear crystal that generates ultraviolet UV-A and infrared light via SPDC. Quantum imaging and sensing techniques can benefit from the correlations between the down-converted beams.
Fast Simulation of Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion via Neural Operators
Authors: Shacham Dor Hay , Maor Nativ , Halperin Ben , Rozenberg Eyal , Bronstein Alex M. , Freedman Daniel
Published: September 2024

We present a learning approach to simulating Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion. Based on Fourier Neural Operators, the method is both fast and resolution independent. The learned operator is able to generalize well, successfully predicting physical observables.
Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors in Etchless BIC Waveguides
Authors: Martinelli Filippo , Dong Shuyu , Sidorova Mariia , Soci Cesare
Published: September 2024

We propose a new strategy to integrate superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors in etchless photonic circuits based on bound-states-in-the-continuum. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach at cryogenic temperatures and report integrated detector with saturated efficiency.
Improving and Benchmarking Photon-Number-Resolving Capabilities of Superconducting Nanowire Detectors
Authors: Sauer Gregor , Kolarczik Mirco , Kohout Oskar , Gomez Rodrigo , Conrad Johanna , Steinlechner Fabian
Published: September 2024

We show how ultra-high-resolution timing measurements of the rising and falling edges of electrical pulses generated from conventional superconducting nanowire detectors enable to distinguish photon numbers of up to 9 in a single-shot measurement.
Non-Hermitian Coupled Laser Arrays with Periodic Boundary Conditions
Authors: Badescu Catalin S. , Lee Jongheon , Khajavikhan Mercedeh
Published: September 2024

We model a chain of lasers with complex, asymmetric couplings and periodic boundaries. The unidirectional couplers enable phase locking and generation of light with orbital angular momentum. We discuss also a monolithic non-Hermitian topological sensor.
Neural Adjoint, Inverse Design for Arbitrary Unitary Matrix Recreation in Coupled Waveguide Arrays Using Programmable Phase Change Materials
Authors: Radford Thomas , Wiecha Peter , Politi Alberto , Muskens Otto
Published: September 2024

We present a deep learning adjoint network, demonstrating its use for the inverse design of refractive index perturbation patterns required to map an arbitrary unitary matrix onto a waveguide array using programmable phase change materials.
Germania glass-based optical fibers for mid-infrared single-photon sources
Authors: Jain Shruti , Jain Deepak
Published: September 2024

We propose novel Germania-glass fibers exploiting FWM to produce single-photons in 2 to 3 μm range. The phase matching conditions at different wavelengths can be fulfilled by employing different modes for pump, signal, and idler.
Joint spectral characterization of SOI integrated directional coupler using Hong-Ou-Mandel interference
Authors: Olivier Yoel , Cohen Dan , Vidro Leonid , Eisenberg Hagai , Slook Matan , Hen Mirit , Zadok Avi
Published: September 2024

We characterize the spectral response of a silicon chip integrated non-perfect directional coupler by measuring the biphoton joint spectrum at the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip and show the resulting spectral coupling dependency.
Resonant Avalanche Photodiodes fabricated in a Silicon-on-Insulator foundry platform for Red and NIR Photo Detection
Authors: Miklaucich James A. , Balram Krishna C.
Published: September 2024

Two narrowband (λ = 637 nm, λ = 800 nm) SOI foundry-fabricated APDs are reported. In a first for this platform, a Guided Mode Resonance grating is used to enhance the absorptance by 16x.
Fabrication, Characterisation and Prospects of a High-Finesse Microcavity Created From Tapered Fused Silica Substrates
Authors: So Chloe , Doherty Thomas , IJspeert Mark , Ernst Jan Ole , Kuhn Axel
Published: September 2024

A cavity-based quantum node is a promising and fundamental resource for realising hybrid quantum computing. Here, we present the creation, benchmarking and current progress on a high-finesse Fabry–Pérot microcavity formed from tapered UV-fused silica substrates.
Investigation of Multi-pass Cells for Field-widened Time-bin Interferometers
Authors: Tannous Ramy , Jennewein Thomas
Published: September 2024

We present the work of investigating the use of multi-pass cells for field-widened time-bin interferometers of long time delays.
ℓ00ℓ entanglement and the twisted quantum eraser
Authors: Danese Dylan , Wollmann Sabine , Leedumrongwatthanakun Saroch , McCutcheon Will , Erhard Manuel , Plick William N. , Malik Mehul
Published: September 2024

Demonstration of two-photon entanglement in the transverse Laguerre-Gaussian basis by performing a “twisted” quantum eraser. The state is generated using linear optics and measured using full state tomography with a fidelity up to 95.31%.
Using Quantum Cheshire Cats to explore Contextuality and Quantum Coherence
Authors: Hance Jonte R. , Ji Ming , Hofmann Holger F.
Published: September 2024

We analyse the quantum Cheshire cat using contextuality theory. The results shed a surprising new light on the relation between quantum paradoxes, weak values, and contextuality, a key resource for quantum computing.
Higher-order Process Matrix Tomography of a Passively-Stable Quantum Switch
Authors: Antesberger Michael , Quintino Marco Túlio , Walther Philip , Rozema Lee A.
Published: September 2024

The quantum switch is a process with an indefinite causal order, going beyond the circuit model. We introduce and perform a tomography protocol for such processes, testing it on a novel implementation of the switch.
Optimizing the Generation of Large Cluster States With Residual Visibility Measurements
Authors: Vidro Leonid , Guichard Valentin , Fioretto Dario , Istrate Daniel , Belabas Nadia , Senellart Pascale , Eisenberg Hagai
Published: September 2024

We demonstrate a 6-photon linear cluster state measurement using a resource-efficient quantum dot single photon source and linear optics setup. Shorter, high-rate, states created in the process give useful indications on the quality of alignment and interference for optimization.
Cluster States Generation in Photonic Time-Crystals
Authors: Lyubarov M. , Birk M. , Segal O. , Horlach A. , Nemirovsky-Levy L. , Plotnik Y. , Segev M.
Published: September 2024

We show that Photonic Time-Crystals generate two-mode squeezing for photonic modes with opposite momentum. Based on this property we propose a three-step algorithm for generation of cluster states for measurement-based quantum computing.
Development of a 7x7 Grid of Absorptive Quantum Memories
Authors: Sehgal Siddharth , Figueroa Eden , Rincón Julian Martinez
Published: September 2024

The ability to effectively store multiple entangled modes is essential to build high repetition-rate long-distance quantum repeaters. We present a multiplexed room-temperature quantum memory system, where we can store up to 49 independent quantum modes.
Integration of Color Centers in Diamond into Fabry-Perot Cavities
Authors: Berghaus Robert , Bayer Gregor , Sachero Selene , Feuchtmayr Florian , Lettner Niklas , Agafonov Viatcheslav , Kubanek Alexander
Published: September 2024

Color centers in diamond, including defects like silicon vacancy and germanium vacancy, offer optical accessibility and spin transition for quantum bits. Our investigation focuses on integrating diamond into optical microcavities to enhance the signal and enable fast quantum communication.
Determinants of dropout from the maternal continuum of care in Ethiopia, multilevel analysis of the 2016 demographic and health survey
Authors: Kebede Abraham Sahilemichael , Wana Geremew Werkeshe , Tirore Lire Lemma , Boltena Minyahil Tadesse
Published: September 2024

Over the past two decades (2000–2020), Ethiopia achieved significant reductions in maternal and neonatal mortality, with a 72% and 44%, respectively. However, low maternal health service utilization and dropout from the maternal continuum of care remain major health system challenges. This study aimed to investigate individual and community-level determinants of dropout from the maternal continuum of care. We used the recent, 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data. In the maternal continuum of care pathway, i) less than four antenatal care (ANC) attendance, ii) subsequent dropout from skilled birth attendance (SBA) after 4 or more ANC, and iii) dropout from postnatal care (PNC) after attendance of facility delivery were the outcomes for dropout. A Multilevel logistic regression analysis of individual and community level factors (e.g., place of residence, geographical regions) were included in the model. The variation in the outcomes were presented by odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval and intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC). In the maternal continuum of care pathway higher dropouts were observed from SBA to PNC (85%) and from 4+ ANC to SBA (43.4%). Poorest wealth quantile (AOR = 2.31, 95% [CI = 1.69,3.16]), having no health insurance coverage (AOR = 1.44, 95% [CI = 1.01,2.06]), and high community poverty (AOR = 1.28, 95% [CI = 1.01,1.63]) were associated with having < 4 ANC attendance. Perceived distance from health facility as a big problem (AOR = 1.45, [95% = CI, 1.12,1.88), lower community media exposure (AOR = 1.6, 95% [CI = 1.14,2.23]) and rural residency (AOR = 3.03, 95% [CI = 1.75,5.26]) increased the odds of dropout from SBA after 4+ ANC visits. The dropout from the maternal continuum of care was higher in Ethiopia and postnatal care were the most affected maternal care. Oromia and Somali regions were associated with dropouts from all levels of care. Policy strategies should prioritize geopolitical regions with higher dropout levels. In addition to improving access and quality of institutional health services, designing an alternative strategy for targeted outreach for ANC visits and postnatal checkups is recommended.
Genomic analysis of Strongyloides stercoralis and Strongyloides fuelleborni in Bangladesh
Authors: de Ree Veroni , Nath Tilak Chandra , Barua Priyanka , Harbecke Dorothee , Lee Dongmin , Rödelsperger Christian , Streit Adrian
Published: September 2024

Background

About 600 million people are estimated to be infected with Strongyloides stercoralis, the species that causes most of the human strongyloidiasis cases. S. stercoralis can also infect non-human primates (NHPs), dogs and cats, rendering these animals putative sources for zoonotic human S. stercoralis infection. S. fuelleborni is normally found in old world NHPs but occasionally also infects humans, mainly in Africa. Dogs in southeast Asia carry at least two types of Strongyloides, only one of which appears to be shared with humans ("dog only" and "human and dog" types). For S. stercoralis with molecular taxonomic information, there is a strong sampling bias towards southeast and east Asia and Australia.

Methodology/Principle findings

In order to extend the geographic range of sampling, we collected human and dog derived Strongyloides spp. and hookworms from two locations in Bangladesh and subjected them to molecular taxonomic and genomic analysis based on nuclear and mitochondrial sequences. All hookworms found were Necator americanus. Contrary to earlier studies in Asia, we noticed a rather high incidence of S. fuelleborni in humans. Also in this study, we found the two types of S. stercoralis and no indication for genetic isolation from the southeast Asian populations. However, we found one genomically "dog only" type S. stercoralis in a human sample and we found two worms in a dog sample that had a nuclear genome of the "dog only" but a mitochondrial genome of the "human and dog" type.

Conclusions/Significance

S. fuelleborni may play a more prominent role as a human parasite in certain places in Asia than previously thought. The introgression of a mitochondria haplotype into the "dog only" population suggests that rare interbreeding between the two S. stercoralis types does occur and that exchange of genetic properties, for example a drug resistance, between the two types is conceivable.
A citation analysis of (f)MRI papers that cited Lieberman and Cunningham (2009) to justify their statistical threshold
Authors: Yeung Andy Wai Kan
Published: September 2024

Introduction

In current neuroimaging studies, the mainstream practice is to report results corrected for multiple comparisons to control for false positives. In 2009, Lieberman and Cunningham published a highly cited report that promotes the use of uncorrected statistical thresholds to balance Types I and II error rates. This paper aims to review recent studies that cited this report, investigating whether the citations were to justify the use of uncorrected statistical thresholds, and if their uncorrected thresholds adhered to the recommended defaults.

Methods

The Web of Science Core Collection online database was queried to identify original articles published during 2019–2022 that cited the report.

Results

It was found that the majority of the citing papers (152/225, 67.6%) used the citation to justify their statistical threshold setting. However, only 19.7% of these 152 papers strictly followed the recommended uncorrected P (Punc) < 0.005, k = 10 (15/152, 9.9%) or Punc < 0.005, k = 20 (15/152, 9.9%). Over half (78/152, 51.3%) used various cluster-extent based thresholds with Punc, with the predominant choices being Punc < 0.001, k = 50 and Punc < 0.001, k = 10, mostly without justifying their deviation from the default. Few papers matched the voxel size and smoothing kernel size used by the simulations from the report to derive the recommended thresholds.

Conclusion

This survey reveals a disconnect between the use and citation of Lieberman and Cunningham’s report. Future studies should justify their chosen statistical thresholds based on rigorous statistical theory and study-specific parameters, rather than merely citing previous works. Furthermore, this paper encourages the neuroimaging community to publicly share their group-level statistical images and metadata to promote transparency and collaboration.
A Soft Exoskeleton For Hand Finger Rehabilitation Application Using Fully Elastic Pneumatic Actuators
Authors: Mészáros Attila , Mátó Réka , Sárosi József
Published: September 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for wearable actuators, that can be worn on individual body parts. This demand is dynamically increasing due to the numerous potential applications such as rehabilitation and enhancing load-bearing capabilities. Exoskeletons are mechanical structures that supplement or facilitate human movements and increase the body parts natural capabilities. Despite their wide range of applications, rigid exoskeletons have several deficiencies that required further developments. Soft actuators have been developed to address these deficiencies, forming one of the main categories of easily wearable exoskeletons. The two categories - rigid and soft exoskeletons - complement each other in their structures during applications. Soft robotic elements enable precise and delicate movements while providing adequate flexibility during use and rigid units are responsible for the stable frame structure and fixation. Their combined use is applied for rehabilitation, occupational safety, and enhancing work performance purposes. The aim of this article is to physically realize a device that has a legitimate purpose in the field of human hand rehabilitation. The goal was to design, manufacture, and functionally test the elements of a device capable of assisting in the rehabilitation of fingers using completely flexible actuators.
Reasons for difficulties in the interpretation of thyroid scintigraphy results with 99mTc-pertechnetate in functional autonomy of thyroid nodules and Graves’ disease: a clinical case
Authors: Gadzhimuradova M. G. , Bondarenko A. S. , Nikiforovich P. A. , Beltsevich D. G.
Published: September 2024

Thyrotoxicosis is a condition caused by an excess of thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), in the body, leading to corresponding clinical manifestations. One of the main challenges in the differential diagnosis of various forms of thyrotoxicosis is the similarity in the clinical presentation of diseases. Therefore, the main tools for accurate diagnosis verification in the wide spectrum of thyrotoxicosis nosologies are the correct sequence of laboratory and instrumental investigations and subsequent interpretation of the obtained results. Only accurately established disease etiology will allow for the selection of the most appropriate and effective treatment for a particular patient, as well as the avoidance of unjustified risks of possible complications. In this article, we will discuss the main difficulties that may arise during the differential diagnosis of various forms of thyrotoxicosis, as well as address some key aspects of proper diagnosis.
Liberales y perfeccionistas
Authors: Ricci Cernadas Gonzalo
Published: September 2024

En este trabajo realizaremos una comparación entre Rawls y Raz, de forma de echar luz sobre las tensiones que subtenderían a la relación entre liberalismo y perfeccionismo. Para realizar esto, el trabajo procederá en dos movimientos. Primero, buscará especificar la concepción del bien de cada autor para luego, en segundo lugar, elucidar como esta especificidad de la noción del bien informa una propia conceptualización del Estado.
Tuning Rigid Polyurethane Foam with Eco-friendly Cellulose Nanocrystals from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches as Energy-Efficient Material Composites for Buildings
Authors: Dayanti Dilla , Christwardana Marcelinus , Fitria Nurlaili , Purwoko Purwoko , Sriariyanun Malinee , Hidayat Hidayat , Ridwan Yohanes Susanto , Sambas Sambas , Ilyas Rushdan Ahmad , Annamalai Pratheep Kumar , Septevani Athanasia Amanda
Published: September 2024

The development of novel materials based on renewable materials with beneficial properties that assist with energy efficiency and conservation has been encouraged by increasing consciousness of environmental issues. This research intends to use sustainable cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as reinforcement to enhance the properties of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). RPUF reinforcement with varied CNC concentrations (0.25–1 wt%) was examined by foaming behavior, surface morphology, mechanical properties, thermal insulation properties, dimensional stability, efficiency energy study, and CO2 reduction through their thermal conductivity values. The results achieved an optimal improvement of mechanical properties of the RPUF composite by around 23.53% compared to RPUF control, at the addition of 0.5 wt% of CNC concentration while maintaining the density of 37–39 kg/m3. Further, incorporating CNC improved thermal insulating performance by 9.95%, as reflected by decreased thermal conductivity from 0.0292 W/mK to 0.0269 W/mK and decreased cell size by 28.12%. Finally, based on the energy and cost efficiency studies, RPUF-CNC composites offer up to 0.78 kWh/m2 and 0.031 kWh/m2 compared to conventional wall materials made of concrete and wood, respectively. Furthermore, it contributed to reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 110 and 7.2 kg CO2/year compared to concrete and wood, respectively. This work demonstrates the promising use of eco-friendly building insulation materials to mitigate the energy and environmental crisis.
Determinants of Parental School Selection for Early Childhood Education: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) Approach
Authors: Riana Neti , Syamsudin Amir
Published: September 2024

Choosing the most suitable education for their children is often challenging for parents due to the many factors that must be considered. The desire to find the ideal kindergarten is complicated by the need to meet various criteria, leading to confusion and difficulty in decision-making. This study addresses this complexity by employing Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to simplify selection. Focusing on TKIT Al Farabi, the research validates a hypothesised model comprising ten critical factors: location, accreditation, facilities, fees, curriculum, religious education, teacher competence, extracurricular activities, school order and cleanliness, and alumni achievements. Data were collected from 154 parents through a structured questionnaire and analysed using SPSS software. The CFA results confirmed five dominant factors: school excellence, teacher professionalism, education costs, social development, and language development, collectively explaining 60.9% of the total variance. The study demonstrates that the CFA method effectively aids parents in making quick and accurate decisions regarding early childhood education. The findings also emphasise the significance of academic and non-academic attributes in school selection, suggesting that educational institutions should adopt more holistic curricula. These results have substantial implications for policymakers and educational administrators, underscoring the need for integrated programs that align with the diverse expectations of parents. Despite the study's valuable insights, further research in diverse settings is recommended to enhance the generalizability of the findings.
Notes from the Editors, September 2024
Authors: Editors -
Published: September 2024

This month's "Notes form the Editors" recounts the history of U.S. preparations for "prolonged and limited" nuclear war and Washington's repeated refusal to abide by international agreements regarding nuclear weaponry. With the recent announcement that the United States will be stationing nuclear-capable Tomahawk missiles on German soil—within minutes' striking distance of Moscow—this history is now, troublingly, more relevant than ever.
Sub-Imperialist India in Washington's Anti-China "Pivot"
Authors: D'Mello Bernard
Published: September 2024

Bernard D'Mello describes India's role as a collaborator in the U.S. anti-China Indo-Pacific project. This role, he elaborates, grows directly from the imperial/sub-imperial relationship between the United States and India, which manifests itself in border disputes, military exercises, diplomacy, economic ties, and more, has heightened hostilities in the Indo-Pacific region while benefiting the power elite of both countries.
Derechos de los animales: elementos teóricos y conceptuales para su fundamentación
Authors: Mendoza Pulido Fabian Eduardo
Published: September 2024

Este artículo propone algunos de los principales elementos teóricos y conceptuales para fundamentar los derechos de los animales. Este tipo de derechos ha encontrado serias restricciones en el concepto vigente de derechos humanos, el cual ha sido construido a partir de una tradición centrada en el individuo moderno, dotado de conciencia, lenguaje y juicio para actuar conforme a la moral y al derecho. Al tratarse de la única criatura que puede autodeterminarse y ser libre, el ser humano tiene un valor intrínseco, la dignidad, que no tendrían los animales y que lo hace merecedor del máximo estatus moral y de protección jurídica. Esto lleva al problema que se busca enfrentar: cómo superar las limitaciones del concepto de derechos humanos que impiden la fundamentación del estatus moral y quizá de unos derechos básicos de los animales. El diseño metodológico de la investigación consiste, por una parte, en la descripción de los principales planteamientos teóricos que, desde la teoría moral y política, se han propuesto en relación con los derechos de los animales; por otra parte, con la formulación analítica de algunas distinciones conceptuales que permiten avanzar en la fundamentación de los derechos de los animales. Este análisis muestra que no existe una simetría entre derechos y deberes; que la dignidad puede ser vista desde dos acepciones, intrínseca y extrínseca; que existe diferencia entre agentes morales y sujetos de derechos; y que estos elementos permiten entender el lugar que ocupan humanos y animales en una misma comunidad moral y jurídica. En conclusión, estas distinciones facilitan definir con mayor claridad unos derechos básicos para los animales y ampliar el espectro acerca de quiénes pueden ser sujetos de derechos.
汉语 “鲠” 与泰语 “ก้าง/kaaŋ” 的词义源流
Authors: 明威 黄 , Funoi Pawares
Published: September 2024

本文对汉语 “鲠” 与泰语 “ก้าง/kaaŋ” 这两个汉泰关系词的词义源流进行比较, 研究的结果表明: 二者有共同的源, 有较为相似的流, 其参与构词的合成词在当代有各自不同的具体表现。 本文为汉泰词义比较研究提供了一个完整而生动的事例。
基于《全球华语大词典》的大华语词汇区划分及其在社区词研究中的应用
Authors: 静 田
Published: September 2024

大华语词汇对比研究的前提是确立对比项目, 由此提出了划分词汇区的要求。 文章在《全球华语大词典》的基础上建立数据库, 以词典中 13,150 个含地区信息的词目义项为依据, 分别使用系统聚类与先验算法对地区指标进行自动聚类与关联。 通过 k 均值聚类法的检验, 结合词典收词的实际情况, 文章将适用于对比研究的大华语词汇区确定为大陆、港-澳、台湾、新-马-泰、印尼-文莱-菲律宾五组, 并利用分组结果对大华语社区词的词义内容特点进行了分区对比与讨论。
Aspects of translation of Russian linguistic realities of N.V. Gogol’s novel “Dead Souls” into Chinese language
Authors: Cao Mengdi , Kazybek Gulmira , Saparbayeva Nurzhan , Nadirova Gulnar , Su Jiaying
Published: September 2024

In the modern world, characterised by the increasing popularity of world literature, there exists an escalating demand for accurate and culturally adapted translations that convey the semantic accuracy and meaning of the original text. The purpose of this study is to analyze the specific features of translating antonyms into Chinese reflecting everyday realities in N.V. Gogol’s novel “Dead Souls”. The following methods were used to achieve the research objectives: hypothetical-deductive, content analysis, and comparative. The study determined that the novel “Dead Souls” is rich in Russian everyday realities and antonyms that convey the linguocultural features of the time within the context of the literary work. In addition, it was revealed that translators face the challenge of conveying Russian everyday realities and cultural features in the Chinese translation. This includes the problem of adapting antonyms that may be unfamiliar or have a different meaning in Chinese culture. The translation of antonyms must maintain semantic accuracy and comparability with the original to convey the meaning and contrast that antonyms create in the text. The study showed that the translation of antonyms can influence Chinese readers’ perception of the text. Their correct rendering preserves the meaning and structure of the original, which is significant for a full understanding of the literary work. As a result of a comparative analysis of Chinese translations of N.V. Gogol’s novel “Dead Souls”, various aspects influencing the translation of antonyms and their role in conveying Russian everyday realities were revealed. Practical significance lies in the use of the findings of this study by the researchers engaged in the translation of literary works, as well as specialists in the fields of literary studies, linguistics, and translation studies.
Talk about testimony: courtroom dialogue as racialized interactions
Authors: King Sharese , Jacobs Samantha
Published: September 2024

Within the criminal legal system, judges, jurors, prosecutors, defense attorneys, experts, and law enforcement officers all might employ language or language practices in the courtroom that can evoke racial bias against an accused person, including by using coded language, innuendos, or particular questioning techniques and clarification strategies. In light of recent legislation, including the passage of the Racial Justice Act in California, which prohibits the use of racially biased language against an accused person by courtroom actors, we are at a crucial moment where dialogue between linguists and lawyers is imperative to define racially biased language and how it emerges. In this article, we provide guidance to help identify and address the ways race can be invoked through discursive strategies in the courtroom that do not make explicit mentions of race, and end with recommendations for ameliorating the potential harms that racial bias expressed during such interactions can cause.
Zu Grenzen in und von Menschenbildern
Authors: Töpper Sandra
Published: September 2024

Vorstellungen vom Humanen sind die Grundlage jeder Pädagogik. Sie geben Orientierung für pädagogisches Denken und Handeln. Dabei muss allerdings mitreflektiert werden, dass Menschenbilder den Menschen immer in einer Zeit und Kultur spezifischen Art und Weise beschreiben und so den Raum des Nachdenkens über den Menschen maßgeblich vorstrukturieren. Diesen Grenzen in und von Menschenbildern gilt es im Folgenden im Abstand zwischen deutschen und japanischen Vorstellungen des Humanen nachzuspüren.
Homo Digitalis
Authors: Pietraß Manuela
Published: September 2024

Die Frage nach dem Homo Digitalis ist die Frage nach der Art und Weise der Gestaltung und Überformung des menschlichen Weltverhältnisses mit und durch digitale Technik. Als zeichenübermittelnde Technik ist die digitale von anderen zeichenübermittelnden Techniken darin zu unterscheiden, dass sie zeichengenerierend ist. Von hier ausgehend wird im folgenden Beitrag bestimmt, wodurch sich ein im Modus digitaler Zeichenhaftigkeit gestaltetes Weltverhältnis epistemisch auszeichnet. Damit wird Digitalisierung nicht als eine Größe angenommen, die Folgen für das Menschsein besitzt, sondern es wird die sich in ihr zeigende Form von Erkenntnis als Ausformung des Weltverhältnisses betrachtet. Es wird, beruhend auf der Datenkombinierbarkeit, als eines der Potenzialität aufgezeigt.
Be- und Entgrenzungen des Körpers in den Social Media
Authors: Rader Timur
Published: September 2024

Der Beitrag widmet sich der Körperdarstellung in den Social Media. Im Fokus steht dabei die Frage, inwiefern Körper dort be- und entgrenzt werden. Zunächst wird der theoretische Hintergrund geklärt, um anschließend die Gegenüberstellung unterschiedlicher Aspekte der Be- und Entgrenzung zu ermöglichen. Zudem findet eine weiterführende Kontextualisierung dieser Aspekte unter Zuhilfenahme zentraler anthropologischer Kategorien statt. Abschließend zeigt sich, dass sowohl Tendenzen der Beals auch Entgrenzung des Körpers ausgemacht werden können, da durch die Nutzung von Social Media einerseits neue Handlungs- und Wahrnehmungsmöglichkeiten entstehen, Darstellungsmöglichkeiten andererseits aber zugleich durch normative Anforderungen und strikte Regelwerke limitiert werden. Schlussendlich wird resümiert, dass die Aspekte der Begrenzung hinsichtlich ihres Einflusses auf Körperdarstellung im Kontext von Social Media zu überwiegen scheinen.
The comparative evaluation of cell viability, inflammatory response, and antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide-bovine dentin grain
Authors: Ozkaya Cigdem Atalayin , Armagan Guliz , Akin Dilek , Birim Dervis , Ates Mustafa , Dagci Taner , Tezel Huseyin
Published: September 2024

Objectives

Dentin tissue can act as a reservoir for bioactive molecules that create signals for cellular proliferation and differentiation to initiate tissue regeneration. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the cell viability, inflammatory response, and antimicrobial activity of bovine dentin grain-added calcium-hydroxide (CH-BDG) with different pulp-capping materials.

Methods

ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, Dycal, TheraCal-LC, and an experimental material, CH-BDG, were examined. Cell viability was determined via the WST-1 assay. The inflammatory response was analysed by the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α/CCL3) levels. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar-diffusion.

Results

The cell viability of CH-BDG was analogous with Biodentine and control at 24 h. The cell viability of CH-BDG decreased at 48 h, but the rate was higher than ProRoot MTA and Dycal (p<0.05). For MCP-1 and MIP-1α values, there was no significant difference between the control and CH-BDG. The MCP-1 level of CH-BDG was lower compared to other pulp-capping materials (p<0.05). The MIP-1α level of CH-BDG was lower compared to ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, and TheraCal-LC (p<0.05). No inhibition zone was detected against oral microorganisms for CH-BDG.

Conclusions

The experimentally developed CH-BDG showed competing properties and additional advantages compared to the existing pulp-capping materials.
Selectfluor-triggered C–H halogenations of enaminones with copper(I) halide (CuX) for the synthesis of 3-halochromones
Authors: Ma Tian , Li Xiaoli , Yuan Jinwei
Published: September 2024

A practical and efficient synthetic route to construct a variety of 3-halochromones has been realized using Selectfluor reagent as a fluorine source, or Selectfluor-copper(I) halide combination as halogen source under mild conditions. This reaction proceeds via a sequence of electrophilic cation addition, and cyclization leading to a broad range of 3-halochromones in good to excellent yields in a short period of time. Additionally, the utilization of commercially available and cost-effective Selectfluor and copper(I) halide renders this system highly practical.
Can coastal and marine carbon dioxide removal help to close the emissions gap? Scientific, legal, economic, and governance considerations
Authors: Johnson Martin , van Doorn Erik , Hilmi Nathalie , Marandino Christa , McDonald Natasha , Thomas Helmuth , Allemand Denis , Algarin L. Delvasto , Lebleu Lara , Ho David T. , Oloyede Mary , Safa Alain , Swarzenski Peter
Published: September 2024

In this Policy Bridge, we present the key issues regarding the safety, efficacy, funding, and governance of coastal and marine systems in support of climate change mitigation. Novel insights into the likely potential of these systems for use in mitigating excess carbon dioxide emissions are presented. There may be potential for coastal blue carbon and marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) actions to impact climate change mitigation significantly over the rest of the 21st century, particularly post 2050. However, governance frameworks are needed urgently to ensure that the potential contribution from coastal and ocean systems to climate change mitigation can be evaluated properly and implemented safely. Ongoing research and monitoring efforts are essential to ensure that unforeseen side effects are identified and corrective action is taken. The co-creation of governance frameworks between academia, the private sector, and policymakers will be fundamental to the safe implementation of mCDR in the future. Furthermore, a radical acceleration in the pace of development of mCDR governance is needed immediately if it is to contribute significantly to the removal of excess carbon dioxide emissions by the latter half of this century. To what extent large-scale climate interventions should be pursued is a decision for policymakers and wider society, but adaptive legal, economic, policy, research, and monitoring frameworks are needed urgently to facilitate informed decision-making around any implementation of mCDR in the coming decades. Coastal and ocean systems cannot be relied upon to deliver significant carbon dioxide removal until further knowledge of specific management options is acquired and evaluated.
Populismus und Verschwörungstheorien
Authors: Apolte Thomas
Published: September 2024

Menschen, die populistische Parteien oder Politiker wählen, neigen zu Verschwörungstheorien, wie sich statistisch leicht zeigen lässt. Der gesellschaftliche Wandel, welcher ab Ende der 1980er Jahre soziale, regionale und schichtspezifische Bindungen weitgehend auflöste, hat dem politischen Wettbewerb eine bis dahin nicht beachtete Nebenwirkung geraubt: die uns Menschen eigene Neigung zu Verschwörungstheorien im Zaum zu halten. Das hat dazu geführt, dass populistische Politikanbieter heute einen Wettbewerbsvorteil daraus ziehen können, die Regeln unseres politischen Systems als Verschwörung zu denunzieren.
El sufijo -nte del verbo ser en español
Authors: Ferrell Ramírez Marco Aurelio
Published: September 2024

In the conjugation tables of verbs in Spanish, the non-personal forms that are shown, taking amar as an example, are the infinitive (to sing, basic form of the verb), the gerund (singing, adverbial form) and the participle (sung, adjective). Related to this, we have in Spanish a derived element ending in -nte that can function either as a noun or as an adjective--cantante. In this paper, the existence and survival of the form in -nte of the Spanish verb ser (‘to be’) as a cultured word will be demonstrated, and it will be pointed out what the deverbal adjective with suffix -nte that corresponds to said verb is. Bibliographic research has been carried out and databases of the Royal Spanish Academy were consulted; and due to the nature of the object of study, a grammatical analysis of the element studied was conducted. In terms of results, a total of 39 occurrences of the word with the suffix -nte were found, of which 24 are shown in the article. In the conclusions, it is established that the derivative of being ending in -nte —which is present in the cultured speech— occurs from the 13th century to the present day.
Lengua y Sociedad. (2023). Revista del Instituto de Investigación de Lingüística Aplicada (CILA) de la Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas (FLCH) - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Authors: Reyes Capcha Janeth Coti
Published: September 2024

El primer número del volumen veintidós de la revista Lengua y Sociedad, correspondiente al periodo enero-mayo, consta de veintisiete artículos académicos. Las investigaciones que se presentan se vinculan con las actitudes lingüísticas, la adquisición de segundas lenguas, la pragmalingüística, la semasiología, el contacto de lenguas, la tipología lingüística, las prácticas docentes con enfoques interculturales, las literacidades, el ciberlenguaje, la semiótica, la alfabetización, la lingüística de corpus, el análisis crítico del discurso, la traducción, la semántica cognitiva y la migración. Además, por medio de una perspectiva intercultural crítica, los investigadores no solo analizan, describen y cuestionan cómo ciertos grupos étnicos pueden dominar o subordinar a otros, sino también de qué manera perpetúan y configuran las injusticias sociales basadas en la cultura, como la discriminación, la marginación, el racismo, la segregación y la xenofobia.
Desarrollo de un instrumento de evaluación de conocimiento léxico para la Lengua de Señas Chilena: enfoque en habilidades receptivas y expresivas
Authors: Otárola Cornejo Fabiola , Álvarez Cruz Martín , Ortúzar Prado Paula
Published: September 2024

Crear instrumentos de evaluación lingüística específicos para la lengua de señas es crucial para promover la equidad y el acceso de las personas sordas, tanto en educación como en otros ámbitos donde se requiera conocer el dominio de su lengua. Además, contribuyen al reconocimiento y valoración de esta lengua como un sistema lingüístico legítimo, en línea con la política lingüística y cultural chilena para la inclusión de personas sordas. Estos instrumentos deben considerar las características visoespaciales de la lengua de señas, garantizando una evaluación justa y precisa. Dado que en Chile no existen instrumentos para evaluar la Lengua de Señas Chilena (LSCh), se propone la primera evaluación lingüística para esta lengua. Por ello, este trabajo se enfoca en explicar el diseño de un instrumento de evaluación de conocimiento léxico, para usuarios de la LSCh, tanto en habilidades receptivas como expresivas, y en presentar resultados cualitativos de su aplicación en estudiantes sordos de una escuela intercultural bilingüe. Basándose en evidencia internacional y marco cultural chileno, se describen dos tareas de evaluación, una para el conocimiento léxico receptivo-comprensivo y otra para la habilidad expresiva de vocabulario en LSCh. Se comparten también desafíos y sugerencias para enriquecer futuros instrumentos y promover el desarrollo de recursos lingüísticos y educativos, que permitan contribuir a diseñar intervenciones educativas más eficaces.