bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early identification of threats as the means of fighting against hybrid warfare (with a focus on the south Caucasus)
Authors: Iskandarov Khayal , Gawliczek Piotr
Published: September 2020

Early identification of the most recent hybrid threats (incident at Keshikchidag, the escalation in the border between Armenia and Azerbaijan, in July 2020, etc.) in the South Caucasus, enabled the nations to sidestep the repercussions of the provocation, most probably initiated by the external actors. This is the primary reason why the authors developed this paper. The importance of early identification in fighting against hybrid threats has been highlighted in the paper. The authors elaborated on the examples occured in the South Caucasus countries, as well as beyond the region. The challenges of identifying hybrid threats ahve been specified. The scenarios have been presented regarding the hybrid aggressors and hybrid threats in the South Caucasus region.
Effects of Vermicompost Applications on Microelemental Contents of Olive Saplings’ Production Material
Authors: BELLİTÜRK Korkmaz , TURAN Hatice , GÖÇMEZ Selçuk , SOLMAZ Yusuf , ÜSTÜNDAĞ Özlem , ADİLOĞLU Aydın
Published: September 2020

Disseminations of organic fertilizer use in olive sapling nursery is very important. When the saplings are developed well at the beginning, this will be important for root development after planting to land, decreasing the future yield lowness, and even obtaining large amount of high quality olive grain and oil, therefore studies about this subject are essential. In this study, Gemlik olive (Olea europaea L. cv. Gemlik) variety saplings were grown with applications of different doses of the vermicompost that is an organic fertilizer (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40%) to production material and single dose of chemical fertilizer which is used commonly by planters (100% production material + chemical fertilizer). The micro nutrients content of the production material were analyzed. According to the results, the micro nutrients analysis of the production material used for the growth of olive saplings at the 3rd and 6th months was significant. Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B values as the average of all treatments were 12309.56, 34.74, 625.66, 52.61 30.85 at the 3rd month and 12066.24, 28.60, 507.03, 47.40, 29.98 mg kg-1 at the 6th month. In general, 40% vermicompost (VC) + 60% production material (PM) increased the micro elemental content. Use of vermicompost in production material can be said to increase quality of production material and positively affect nourishment of olive saplings and their developments. Vermicomposting is a simple biotechnological process of composting, in which certain species of earthworms (Eisenia foetida etc.) are used to enhance the process of waste conversion and produce a better product. The use of vermicompost is important for the sustainability of agriculture. These results showed that the effects of different organic material (vermicompost) applications on olive sapling properties are important.
MENANGKAL RADIKALISME MELALUI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERBASIS ASWAJA NAHDLATUL ULAMA’
Authors: Rofiq Muhammad Husnur , Ridwan Riza Ahmad
Published: September 2020

One education that can provide values in counteracting radicalism is Islamic education based on Nahdlatul Ulama. Because Nahdlatul Ulama 'based Islamic education gives more value to education. Nahdlatul Ulama-based Islamic education is flexible in dealing with a situation and condition that exists in society. This research method uses library research which analyzes problems from several books, journals, and relevant scientific publications. The results of this study indicate that the educational process to counteract radicalism is with the approach of Islamic religious education based on Nahdatul Ulama. community values are internalized so that they are tolerant (tasamuh) towards others or others.
STRATEGI IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN HUMANIS DI MTS WAHID HASYIM DAU MALANG
Authors: Nasrulloh Moh Eko , Amirudin Yoyok
Published: September 2020

Indonesian society is currently experiencing humanitarian problems. In the era of globalization where technology is increasingly sophisticated which results in ease in many fields but also has a negative impact on the other side. Temporary problems encountered in the community, namely Research originated from concerns about the phenomenon of violence that occurred in the educational environment in East Java. The act of bullying in school is a disturbing thing to social values. As a description of a phenomenon, this study uses a qualitative descriptive design. Data collection was carried out in this study by observation, interviews, and documentation. The strategy for implementing humanist education at MTs Wahid Hasyim Dau is done by planning, implementing and evaluating educational programs in schools and management. Implementation strategies for implementing character education in schools, with 4 forms, namely: 1. Integration of values and ethics on subjects. 2. Internalization of the positive values instilled by all school members. 3. Habit and training, giving examples and role models. 4. Creation of atmosphere in school and culture. While efforts to minimize dehumanization are carried out by establishing the principle of family, cooperation, and intimacy and providing self-awareness / self-introspection, tausiah. The implementation of humanist education in learning forms integration with learning, school management, and extracurricular activities. The implementation of humanist education at Dau carries out some aspects of the theory of Paul Freire, but efforts to realize humanist education with consideration to the problems and needs of the era are good.  Keywords: Strategy, Implementation, Education, Humanism
MODEL PROFESIONALISME GURU PADA MASA KHALIFAH HARUN AL-RASYID
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Ilham
Published: September 2020

Starting from the city of Baghdad the golden age of Islamic civilization was achieved by the Abbasid dynasty which was headed by the Caliph Harun al-Rasyid. The city of a thousand nights was made a source of motivation throughout the world for a transformation of civilization. The various fields were repaired by Harun al-Rasyid starting from administration, governance, and Social-ekonomi. But he was more in science and education. It proved to be the leadership of Harun al-Rasyid giving birth to scholars, and Muslim scholars and development on a number of educational institutions. Harun al-Rasyid as the Caliph intervened in scholarly development affairs, ranging from education curriculum, educational methods, the character of an educator who must conform to the established criteria and welfare of an educator Note. Until an educator at the time of caliphate Aaron Al-Rasheed obtained a glorious place. Writing This article uses the 'library' approach with historical-descriptive methods. Keywords: Islamic civilization, Harun al-Rasyid, Education, Teacher Position
Asas Psikologis dan Implikasinya Dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam Perspektif Hasan Langgulung
Authors: Suminto Suminto
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe psychological principle of Islamic education becomes very important in its own, considering it can be understood as the truth that is a foothold or basic thinking, both in the planning, implementation, or evaluation of education based on the theories of psychology. In addition, understanding the education in it also contains principles as a place and an upright footing, upright in matter, upright in interaction, upright in innovation, or upright in dreams. The type of research used is library research. The analysis of content or content analysis is used as a method of analysis in this study. The results of this study contained the basic concept of psychological in Islamic education according to Hasan Langgulung and the implications of the basic psychological concept in the education of Islamic agam. Therefore, in the process of education should pay attention to the development of the soul, as well as the physical growth of the students by referring to the basis, objectives, curriculum, materials, and evaluation that brings human function as ' abid and the fil decorated with righteous charity.Keywords: Principles Of Psychological, Islamic Education, Hasan LanggulungAbstrakAsas psikologis dalam pendidikan Islam menjadi sangat penting keberadannya, mengingat dapat difahami sebagai kebenaran yang menjadi pijakan atau dasar berpikir, baik pada tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, maupun evaluasi  pendidikan yang berdasarkan atas teori- teori dari psikologi. Selain itu, memahami pendidikan di dalamnya juga terdapat asas-asas sebagai tempat dan pijakan yang tegak, tegak dalam materi, tegak dalam interaksi , tegak dalam inovasi, atau tegak dalam cita-citanya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan  atau library research. Adapun analisis isi atau content analysis digunakan sebagai metode analisis dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini memuat tentang konsep asas psikologis dalam pendidikan Islam menurut Hasan Langgulung dan implikasi dari konsep asas psikologis dalam pendidikan agam Islam. Oleh karenanya, dalam proses pendidikan harus memperhatikan perkembangan jiwa, maupun pertumbuhan raga peserta didik dengan mengacu pada dasar, tujuan, kurikulum, materi, serta  evaluasi yang membawa fungsi manusia sebagai ‘abid dan khalifatullah yang dihiasi dengan amal saleh.Kata Kunci: Asas Psikologis, Pendidikan Islam, Hasan Langgulung
Upaya Guru Al-Qur’an Hadits dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Al-Qur’an Peserta Didik di MI Amantubillah Kabupaten Sambas
Authors: Nasikhah Umi
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Qur'an hadith lesson has an important role as a learning goal in improving the quality of worship. Al-Qur'an as a guide in worship must be mastered correctly, ranging from how to read it in accordance with the correct rules, and understand and believe in the truth and practice contained therein. In relation to that the teacher of Al-Qur'an hadith attempts to improve the ability of reading the Qur'an through extracurricular.Keywords: Master's Efforts, Improving, Reading Al-Qur'an AbstrakPelajaran al-Qur’an Hadis memeiliki peran penting sebagai tujuan pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan ibadah yang berkualitas. Al-Qur’an sebagai pedoman dalam beribadah harus bisa dikuasai dengan benar, mulai dari cara membacanya sesuai dengan kaidah yang benar, serta memahami dan meyakini kebenarannya serta mengamalkan yang terkandung didalamnya.  Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut guru Al-Qur’an Hadis di Madrasah Amantubillah berupaya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam membaca Al-Qur’an melalui program ekstrakurikuler.Kata Kunci: Upaya Guru, Meningkatkan, Membaca Al-Qur’an
PENGEMBANGAN KREATIVITAS ANAK MELALUI KEGIATAN EKSPLORASI
Authors: Faizah Faizah
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to understand the process of developing the creativity of kindergarten-aged children through exploration activities at Pertiwi Kindergarten. It was using a qualitative descriptive research method. This research prepares, understands and analyzes exploration activities as an effort to develop children's creativity. The results of the study show; the concept of exploration activities at the Pertiwi Kindergarten was carried out as a substitute for learning activities and adapted to the theme of learning. The activity forms such as; gardening, playing water, playing sand, animal exploration, and rice harvest exploration. Its implications are children's information insight is increasingly widespread, growing love toward the environment. Children become more creative and critical, and foster an attitude of children independence and responsibility.Keywords: Child Creativity Development, Exploration Activities.
PROFIL PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL ANAK KELOMPOK B DALAM BERMAIN PERAN
Authors: Dewi Mutiara Sari
Published: September 2020

Social development is one aspect of development that must be stimulated early. Based on observational data made regarding the daily lives of group B children at Ar-Rahman Kindergarten, Jombang, it appears that children are better able to socialize with peers or with people who are older than children from other institutions. One form of stimulus for social development in kindergarten, specifically for children aged 5-6 years (group B) kindergarten can be done through role playing.This research is a research with descriptive quantitative research. Data analysis techniques use descriptive with percentage. The study was conducted in group B, TK Ar-Rahman, Jombang Regency with a sample of 56 children.Based on the results of these studies, it can be concluded that the profile of social development of child B, TK Ar-Rahman Jombang, is in good category (3) on indicators: 1) able to support with friends; 2) purchase at game level; and 3) able to ask and answer questions. Each indicator, category (3) has the highest percentage. A total of 32 children (57.1%) worked together in role playing activities to become family members with only 1 (one) command. 34 children (60.7%) were able to obey 3 (two) rules of the game in role playing. 28 children (50%) were able to ask and answer questions while playing roles.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF SAINS ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI RA ANNUR ASSALAFY TUMPANG PACARKELING KEJAYAN PASURUAN
Authors: Ismawati Putri , Hanifah Hanifah
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas Implementasi pendekatan saintifik terhadap kemampuan kognitif sains anak usia 5-6 tahun di RA Annur Assalafy Tumpang Pacarkeling Kejayan Pasuruan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan saintifik dengan pemahaman 5M ( mengamati, menanya, mengumpulkan informasi, menalar/mengasosiasi, membuat kesimpulan dan mengkomunikasikan) di harapkan proses pembelajaran di RA terutama dalam perkembangan kognitif sains bisa menarik perhatian anak sehingga minat anak dalam belajar sangat baik sehingga aspek perkembangan anak bisa tercapai sesuai yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif yang mendiskripsikan pemahaman peneliti dalam melaksanakan pendekatan saintifik pada proses pembelajaran terutama kognitif sains. Data tesebut di peroleh dengan cara wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitiannya adalah (1) Pemahaman awal peneliti tentang pendekatan kognitif sains sudah cukup baik. (2) perencanaan pembelajaran dalam pendekatan saintifik dalam menyususn rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran harian (RPPH) dan media sudah mengacu dalam langkah-langkah yang sesuai karena peneliti sudah mendapatkan pelatian-pelatian di kampus sehingga dalam menyususn rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran harian (RPPH) peneliti sudah cukup baik. (3) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran kognitif sains dengan menggunakan pendekatan sintifik di kegiatan pendahuluan, kegiatan inti, kegiatan penutup sudah cukup baik dengan pemahaman 5 M (mengamati, menanya, mengumpulkan informasi, menalar/mengasosiasi, membuat kesimpulan dan mengkomunikasikan). Pembelajaran berpusat pada anak. Anak lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran dibanding guru yang mengakibatkan keterampilan berfikir anak lebih tinggi.
PENERAPAN MEDIA GAMBAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B DI KB PUTRA BANGSA
Authors: Efendi Dwi Imam , Azizah Erlin Nur
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebesar mana kemampuan berbicara  melalui media gambar pada Kelompok Bermain Putra Bangsa Desa. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif.   Subjek penelitian yaitu siswa Kelompok B yang berjumlah 24 anak yang terdiri dari 9 anak laki-laki dan 15 anak perempuan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelompok B di KB Putra Bangsa Ngemplak  Kecamatan Baureno   Kabupaten Bojonegoro Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian terdapat peningkatan kemampuan berbicara melalui media gambar pada kelompok B di Kelompok Bermain Putra Bangsa Desa Ngemplak Kecamatan Baureno Kabupaten Bojonegoro Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Hal itu dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan nilai dengan sebesar 92,7% anak mampu berbicara lancar, 91,7% anak mampu berbicara menggunakan artikulasi yang jelas, 96,9% anak mampu berbicara menggunakan kalimat yang lengkap (S-P-O-K).
PENGARUH PERMAINAN SMART BALL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL WARNA PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Maulida Susi , Fauziyah Umi
Published: September 2020

Child's cognitive development involves learning skills in children that occur through complex internal processes and mental activities. Children who develop both cognitive aspects will be able to learn to develop thought processes, respond to objects in their environment and reflect on their experiences. Sometimes children are not able to recognize colors because it is not usual to mention various colors and the limitations of the media to recognize colors when at school. Children only know certain colors that are often seen for example green because children see leaves, red and white when children see the flag and when children are faced with different objects the child will have difficulty guessing the color. Smart ball is a game tool that can develop children's cognitive play methods. Smart ball has advantages in developing all aspects of child development, especially in aspects of cognitive development, namely children are able to recognize colors. The approach in this research is a quantitative approach. Data collected in this study are descriptive. The process to be observed is student activities and teacher activities during the learning process. From the results of an analysis of the effect of smart ball on the ability to recognize colors, the results of research show that smartball games affect the ability to recognize children's colors.
Sepsis Et Causa Empiema Dekstra Et Causa Community Acquired Pneumonia Dengan Komorbid Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Irawan Eka , Medison Irvan , Anggraini Fenty , Mizarti Dessy
Published: September 2020

Sepsis adalah respon inflamasi sistemik terhadap infeksi yang berat. Sepsis merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas terutama pada usia lanjut, imunocompromised, penderita dengan kondisi kritis. Pneumonia merupakan lesi infeksi primer tersering pada pasien sepsis. Sepsis berat dapat terjadi akibat infeksi yang berhubungan dengan pelayanan kesehatan dan dapat pula diperoleh dari komunitas (Community Acquired Pneumonia). Penelitian melaporkan bahwa 5-10% pasien pneumonia yang dirawat di rumah sakit berkembang menjadi empiema dan angka kematian meningkat secara bermakna dibandingkan pasien pneumonia tanpa empiema. Kejadian infeksi lebih sering terjadi pada pasien dengan diabetes akibat munculnya lingkungan hiperglikemik yang meningkatkan virulensi patogen, menyebabkan terjadinya disfungsi kemotaksis dan aktifitas fagositik, serta kerusakan fungsi neutrofil. Infeksi paru pada diabetes melitus ditandai dengan perubahan pada pertahanan imun host, di seluruh tubuh, dan khususnya secara lokal di paru maupun pada fungsi epitel pernapasan dan motilitas silia. Tatalaksana sepsis pada kasus ini dengan terapi cairan yang adekuat, pemberian antibiotik kombinasi dan segera mengevakuasi pus dari rongga pleura dengan pemasangan chest tube, dan tatalaksana komorbid diabetes melitus dengan protokol drip insulin untuk kontrol glukosa serum.
Laporan Kasus TB paru koinfeksi HIV/AIDS
Authors: Arief Dafitri Ibnu , Medison Irvan , Mizarti Dessy
Published: September 2020

TB paru merupakan penyakit infeksi yang sering dijumpai di Indonesia. TB paru masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan di dunia, dengan harapan di tahun 2030 kasus TB paru dapat dieradikasi secara tuntas. Bersamaan dengan kasus TB paru yang belum tuntas, infeksi HIV/AIDS masih cukup tinggi di negara-negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Infeksi HIV/AIDS dapat memperberat kondisi klinis pasien TB paru itu sendiri. Mendiagnosis kasus TB paru pada pasien dengan HIV/AIDS pada prinsipnya tidak berbeda dengan kasus TB paru tanpa konfeksi HIV/AIDS. Pemeriksaan standar pada kasus TB paru berdasarkan pemeriksaan mikrobiologi berupa pemeriksaan sputum BTA dan tes cepat molekular untuk mengetahui adanya kuman yang telah resisten terhadap obat rifampisin. Pemeriksaan radiologi tetap diperlukan untuk membantu diagnosis TB paru, terutama pada pasien–pasien yang sukar mengeluarkan sputumnya. Pemeriksaan radiologi juga bermanfaat untuk melihat luasnya lesi paru yang diakibatkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis dan penyakit oportunistik lain yang menyerang paru penderita dengan konfeksi HIV/AIDS. Pemberian obat Anti Retro Viral (ARV) pada kasus ini sebaiknya dimulai dalam waktu 2 minggu setelah pemberian Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (OAT).
Aspergilloma Paru; Sebuah Laporan Kasus
Authors: Senja Mega , Medison Irvan , Russilawati Russilawati
Published: September 2020

Penyakit infeksi sampai saat ini masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia, salah satu nya adalah infeksi jamur atau mikosis paru. Jenis mikosis paru yang sering dilaporkan adalah Aspergillosis. Diketahui lebih lanjut bahwa Aspergilloma sering ditemui pada pasien-pasien paska tuberkulosis paru. Sebagian besar studi melaporkan kavitas paru pada aspergilloma disebabkan oleh tuberkulosis. Manifestasi klinis aspergilloma paru beragam, mulai dari kasus tanpa gejala hingga hemoptisis masif yang bisa berakibat fatal. Pada laporan kasus ini, penulis menyajikan data kasus dari seorang laki-laki berusia 42 tahun yang telah didiagnosis sebagai aspergilloma paru.
Ice algae resource utilization by benthic macro- and megafaunal communities on the Pacific Arctic shelf determined through lipid biomarker analysis
Authors: Koch CW , Cooper LW , Grebmeier JM , Frey K , Brown TA
Published: September 2020

We studied ice algae utilization by benthic fauna from the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas using highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) biomarkers. We assessed whether various food acquisition strategies influence the observed HBI signatures. The proportion of phytoplankton to ice algae-sourced HBIs was determined through the H-Print approach that is presumed to reflect the percentage of sea ice organic carbon (iPOC) incorporated into tissues, relative to phytoplankton organic carbon. Cluster analysis separated 3 groups based on location and feeding strategy that were significantly influenced by annual sea ice persistence. Ice algae utilization was most significant in the northeast Chukchi Sea, where seasonal sea ice was present the longest. General feeding strategy was determined to be a significant factor in the degree of ice algae utilization. Predominant deposit feeders (both surface and subsurface) used more ice algae relative to suspension feeders. Organic carbon incorporated by predominant suspension feeders was primarily phytoplankton-based. The vast majority of all organisms sampled (~90%) incorporated a measurable quantity of iPOC. Sipunculids and brittle stars had the highest relative dependence on ice algae, while other taxa displayed plastic dietary responses, including the suspension/surface deposit feeder Macoma calcarea. This study indicates that ice algae are widely utilized in Pacific Arctic benthic food webs, but most benthic organisms displayed flexibility in consuming the available food sources. The elevated utilization of ice algae by deposit feeders may prove to be a disadvantage for these organisms if they cannot adapt to the ongoing decline of iPOC as seasonal sea ice declines.
Optimización de volumen para arcos empotrados
Authors: Fiore Alessandra , Trentadue Francesco , Greco Rita , Marano Giuseppe C. , De Marco Giancarlo , Sardone Laura , Lagaros Nikos D.
Published: September 2020

Aunque el arco surgió como sistema estructural hace más de dos mil años, esta tipología estructural todavía no está muy difundida y se adopta principalmente cuando hay que cubrir grandes luces. La eficiencia de los arcos depende principalmente de la explotación óptima del material, es decir, de la minimización de la excentricidad del estrés, que reduce el volumen y el peso del material estructural. Una estructura eficiente, en estos términos, implica andamios simples y ligeros, contribuyendo así a minimizar los costes de construcción.

Aunque hay muchos conocimientos y literatura sobre arcos, todavía hay margen para la optimización del diseño. El presente estudio se enmarca en este contexto y se ocupa del análisis estructural de los arcos circulares planos empotrados bajo una carga vertical distribuida uniformemente y un peso propio. En el primer paso, la solución analítica del comportamiento estático y cinemático de los arcos se estudia por el método de la fuerza. En el segundo paso, se optimiza la forma del arco, asumiendo el volumen del arco, y por

lo tanto el peso, como función objetiva. Finalmente se calculan los mínimos de la función objetiva (es decir, los parámetros óptimos de la forma geométrica) para poder utilizarlos con fines prácticos..
Aplicación de un pórtico estructural híbrido tipo “Skelsion” a una nave industrial
Authors: Goberna Pérez Gonzalo R. , Goberna Pérez María del Mar
Published: September 2020

Este artículo describe una solución estructural innovadora consistente en una estructura de tipo skelsion formada por pórticos de acero pretensados. Consiste en una alternativa poco convencional en la arquitectura industrial y representa una solución muy interesante tanto estructural como estéticamente, gracias a su esbeltez y ligereza, siendo a la vez una estructura competitiva a nivel económico. El diseño de la geometría de la estructura se llevó a cabo mediante un proceso iterativo considerando la interacción entre los distintos elementos pretensados y la secuencia constructiva. El resultado dota de la rigidez necesaria a la estructura para resistir todas las fuerzas aplicadas, gracias al sistema de arriostramientos pretensados. Como resultado se consigue una estructura muy atractiva arquitectónicamente.
‘Blockchain Good, Bitcoin Bad’: The Social Construction of Blockchain in Mainstream and Specialized Media
Authors: Chow-White Peter , Lusoli Alberto , Phan Vu Thuy Anh , Edward Green Sandy
Published: September 2020

Blockchain is one of the most widely debated technologies in recent years. Pundits and scholars have described it as a disruptive technology that will impact many sectors of society. Skeptics argue blockchain’s popularity is fuelled by the media’s obsession for the ‘next big thing’ rather than the intrinsic potential of the technology. In this paper, we follow a social constructivist approach with the aim of explaining how different discourses are creating new meanings about this technology. As Communication scholars, we focus on the role media play in framing debates about blockchain. Our analysis relies on a human coding of the most popular news about blockchain circulating on Twitter from October 2014 to July 2018. The findings show the general attitude about blockchain is predominantly positive. The discourses developing around crypto technologies are complex and multifaceted and indicate a general transition in the rhetorical definition of blockchain.
Analysis of mathematical understanding on algebraic form material from the aspect of student’s self efficacy
Authors: Fadmawarni Indah Pratiwi , Maimunah Maimunah , Roza Yenita
Published: September 2020

Pemahaman matematika dalam pembelajaran perlu mendapat penekanan karena masih banyak siswa yang belum memahami materi matematika. Materi bentuk aljabar merupakan materi yang dianggap sulit bagi siswa khususnya tentang operasi bentuk aljabar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memaparkan kemampuan pemahaman matematis tentang materi bentuk aljabar dari aspek Self Efficacy siswa. Penelitian dilakukan di MTs Swasta Al-Munawwarah pada kelas VII-A yang terdiri dari 33 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini berupa tes tertulis dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan tiga langkah utama yakni penskoran, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa berkemampuan tinggi memiliki self efficacy yang tinggi, hal ini terlihat dari terpenuhinya ketiga indikator kemampuan pemahaman matematis. Siswa berkemampuan sedang memiliki self efficacy sedang, hanya mampu memenuhi indikator yang kedua yakni mengaitkan beberapa konsep/prinsip serta menyatakannya dalam simbol matematik. Siswa berkemampuan rendah memiliki self efficacy rendah terlihat dari siswa tidak dapat memenuhi ketiga indikator kemampuan pemahaman matematis.
Analysis of mathematical communication skill of grade viii students in smp on patterns and row of number
Authors: Swasti Marni , Maimunah Maimunah , Roza Yenita
Published: September 2020

Hasil penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa SMP masih rendah. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa pada materi pola dan barisan bilangan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 9 siswa kelas VIIIB MTS Nurul Bilad, Rokan Hilir tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 berkemampuan tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes tertulis. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa berkemampuan tinggi sudah baik, ditandai dengan terpenuhinya semua indikator yaitu: 1) menggunakan bahasa sendiri untuk menjelaskan solusi dari suatu gambar, 2) menjelaskan solusi dari permasalahan matematika dalam bentuk gambar, 3) menyatakan masalah sehari-hari ke dalam model matematika. Kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa berkemampuan sedang masih dalam kategori cukup karena siswa hanya memenuhi indikator menggunakan bahasa sendiri untuk menjelaskan solusi dari suatu gambar, dan menyatakan masalah sehari-hari ke dalam model matematika. Sedangkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa berkemampuan rendah masih dalam kategori kurang baik karena hanya mampu memenuhi indikator menggunakan bahasa sendiri untuk menjelaskan solusi dari suatu gambar.
Evaluation of knowledge and awareness of dentists and dental students about human papillomavirus vaccination and oropharyngeal cancer relationship
Authors: ÖZDEDE Melih , BAĞCI Nuray , GÜNDÜZ Tuba , PEKER İlkay
Published: September 2020

Objective: As the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) has increased rapidly in recent years, the role of dentists on this issue is also increasing. This study aims to determine the knowledge and awareness of dentists and dental students about HPV vaccination and the relationship of OPC.

Methods: A total of 209 participants, consisting of 82 dentists and 127 dental students, were filled out the questionnaires about the general HPV knowledge, HPV-OPC relationship, and HPV vaccination. The Fisher Exact and the Mann Whitney U tests were used to determining the difference between the two groups. The analyses were performed in R, and the significance levels were set at 0.05.

Results: The majority of the respondents answered the general questions about HPV correctly. Almost all of the participants in our study were found to have high awareness about the HPV-OPC relationship, most of them do not have enough information about the HPV-related OPCs have a better prognosis than other OPCs. Both dentists and dental students stated that they did not think they had enough information about HPV vaccination. Dental students were more conscious and more motivated than dentists in recommending HPV vaccination to their patients (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Our study showed that dentists and dentistry students had a high level of knowledge in general subjects related to HPV. It was determined that the knowledge of both groups was insufficient regarding the HPV-OPC relationship and HPV vaccination, and the participants were eager to overcome these shortcomings.
Analysis of the Quality of Health Center Services Based on Public Service Regulation by the Government
Authors: Dalle Ambo , Purwantono Sri , Bahtiar Bahtiar
Published: September 2020

Health centers are expected to provide quality health services that meet the needs of the customers. Health centers need to improve services in order to be able to compete, develop, and grow. This study describe the satisfaction of the customers for services provided by Kendal Health Center, Ngawi, Indonesia. The population of this study were community who utilized health services at the Kendal Health Center in 2016. The sample were selected using quota sampling. Each unit of service given a quota of 20 respondents, while auxiliary health center were quota of 10 respondents, because the customer visit at a auxiliary health center were lower. The variable was the satisfaction with services provided by health center. Data were collected by filling out questionnaires, then analyzed descriptively using spiderweb diagram. In general, the results of the study indicate that the quality of health center services was in the good category, and all service units had succeeded in exceeding the predetermined targets.

Keywords: health center; service quality; public service
Effectiveness of Strawberry Extract with 100% Concentration in Cleaning Teeth with Extrinsic Stain at the Academic Community of Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta I
Authors: Karmawati Ita Astit , Yulita Ita , Budiarti Rahaju , Yulia Lestari Syifa
Published: September 2020

Discoloration of teeth can be caused by stains on the surface of the teeth or due to changes in tooth material. Tooth stain can be extrinsic, intrinsic, or age-related. Tooth whitening (bleaching) can be done in the office and at home. Strawberry is a fruit with many benefits, one of which is whitening teeth. The content of malic acid and ellagic acid in strawberries has the effect of tooth whitening. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of strawberry extract with a concentration of 100% in cleaning teeth with the extrinsic stain on an academic member of the Health Polytechnic Jakarta I. This study was an experiment on 31 people who had upper and lower anterior teeth with the extrinsic stain as samples. Data collection was done by applying strawberry extract with a concentration of 100% on the surface of the anterior teeth, allowed to stand for 5 minutes, then brushed and rinsed with water. This procedure was done 2 times a day for 5 consecutive days. Changes in extrinsic stain were measured using the Lobene Stain Index which measures the intensity and area of the stain, as well as a combined score of both. The average combined score with measurements using the Lobene Stain Index for extrinsic stain before being treated with strawberries was 22.4. The score has decreased every day starting from day 1 to day 5 of treatment. The largest decrease of the average Combined Score was occurred on the 2nd day, namely from a score of 20.0 on the 1st day to 14.6 on the 2nd day with a percentage reduction of 35.0%. Statistical tests showed significant results of 0,000 reducing the Intensity Score and Area Score on day 2 to day 5. It can be concluded that there was a significant decrease in extrinsic stain scores after treatment on day 2.

Keywords: extrinsic stain; strawberry extract
Karakter Majelis Sebagai Pemimpin Jemaat Menurut 1 Timotius 3:8-10 Di Gereja GPPIK Maranatha Antan Pontianak Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Zaluchu Julianus , Ulansari Nita
Published: September 2020

A key word that is very important and often used in the sphere of Church life is the word 'ministry'. This word has a very deep meaning, not only because the word 'ministry' has its roots in and is rooted in Jesus Christ, whose whole life fully qualifies the meaning of service. But also by realizing that by and through the word 'ministry', the Church has emerged as a unique, unique and specific institution, which cannot be found in common with any other institution that has come together in the middle of history. In other words, the terminology of ministry has a close affinity for the church, although in recent developments the term ministry itself has been widely used in the life of non-ecclesiastical institutions. The presence of the churches in Indonesia is not a passive and meaningless presence. The presence of the church in Indonesia is a dynamic, active presence that moves, a presence that is directed to others, a presence that serves. The church will lose its meaning if its presence in the world becomes a passive, static, non-serving presence.

Abstrak Indonesia

Sebuah kata kunci yang sangat penting dan acapkali dipergunakan dalam ruang lingkup kehidupan Gereja adalah kata ‘pelayanan’. Kata ini mengandung makna yang sangat dalam, bukan saja oleh karena kata ‘pelayanan’ bersumber serta berakar pada Yesus Kristus, yang keseluruhan hidup-Nya mengkualisasikan secara prima arti pelayanan. Tetapi juga dengan menyadari bahwa oleh dan melalui kata ‘pelayanan’ itu, Gereja telah tampil sebagai sebuah intitusi yang khas, unik dan spesifik, yang tak bisa dicari kesamaannya dengan intitusi lain yang bersama-sama hadir di tengah-tengah sejarah. Dengan kata lain, terminologi pelayanan memiliki ketertarikan erat dengan gereja,walaupun dalam perkembangan terakhir istilah pelayanan itu sendiri, telah banyak dipergunakan dalam kehidupan lembaga-lembaga non gerejawi. Kehadiran gereja-gereja di Indonesisa bukanlah kehadiran yang pasif  dan tanpa makna. Kehadiran gereja di bumi Indonesia justru merupakan sebuah kehadiran yang aktif dinamik, yang bergerak, kehadiran yang terarah bagi orang lain, kehadiran yang melayani. Gereja akan kehilangan maknanya jika kehadiraanya di tengah dunia menjadi kehadiran pasif, yang statis, yang tidak melayani.
An MRTF-A–Sp1–PDE5 Axis Mediates Angiotensin-II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy
Authors: Wu Teng , Wang Huidi , Xin Xiaojun , Xin Xiaojun , Zhang Tianyi , Hou Yannan , Fang Mingming , Lu Xiang , Xu Yong
Published: September 2020

Cardiac hypertrophy is a critical intermediate step in the pathogenesis of heart failure. A myriad of signaling networks converge on cardiomyocytes to elicit hypertrophic growth in response to various injurious stimuli. In the present study, we investigated the cardiomyocyte-specific role of myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) in angiotensin-II (Ang-II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying mechanism. We report that conditional MRTF-A deletion in cardiomyocytes attenuated Ang-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Similarly, MRTF-A knockdown or inhibition suppressed Ang-II-induced prohypertrophic response in cultured cardiomyocytes. Of note, Ang II treatment upregulated expression of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), a known mediator of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, in cardiomyocytes, which was blocked by MRTF-A depletion or inhibition. Mechanistically, MRTF-A activated expression of specificity protein 1 (Sp1), which in turn bound to the PDE5 promoter and upregulated PDE5 transcription to promote hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes in response to Ang II stimulation. Therefore, our data unveil a novel MRTF-A–Sp1–PDE5 axis that mediates Ang-II-induced hypertrophic response in cardiomyocytes. Targeting this newly identified MRTF-A–Sp1–PDE5 axis may yield novel interventional solutions against heart failure.
Optimización en la Gestión de Registro y Control de Fichas Estudiantiles del Departamento de Bienestar Estudiantil
Authors: Rizzo Vargas Giovanni M. , Colina Vargas Alejandra M. , Túa Ollarves José J.
Published: September 2020

El artículo pretende mostrar como a partir del desarrollo de una solución tecnológica dirigida al departamento bienestar estudiantil de una universidad del Ecuador se optimizan de forma eficiente los procesos de gestión en el registro y control de las fichas estudiantiles para la atención a los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso a la universidad. Para ello se llevó a cabo se articulación de las metodologías de investigación de tipo exploratoria y descriptiva apoyada con herramientas y técnicas del desarrollo ágil de software. La solución propuesta fue desarrollada bajo estándares de programación estrictamente bien elaborados, basados en herramientas de software libre que mejoran y favorecen una actualización constante de la arquitectura del sistema. Se implementó para la construcción la metodología SCRUM identificando la visión general del producto a partir del diagnóstico in situ y la revisión documental, posteriormente se listan de forma priorizada los requisitos y objetivos que representan la visión y expectativas del cliente siendo cubiertos de la mejor manera posible. Destaca finalmente, dentro los resultados un nivel alto de satisfacción por parte de los usuarios por considerarse un producto de utilidad que favorece el área de bienestar estudiantil mejorando el proceso y registro de la información acumulativa de cada estudiante y el seguimiento adecuado del mismo.
Análisis de las Habilidades Emocionales para el Emprendimiento de PYMES en la Provincia de El Oro
Authors: Jaya Pineda Iddar Ivan , Palomeque Solano María Eugenia , Novillo Maldonado Ernesto Felipe , Cedillo Chalaco Luis Fernando
Published: September 2020

La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre las habilidades emocionales y el emprendimiento de administradores de pymes. Para este trabajo usaron un enfoque de tipo  cuantitativo aplicado a un grupo de emprendedores de pymes en la provincia de El Oro, cuyos resultados fueron tabulados y analizados mediante la técnica multivariante del análisis factorial y correlacional, cuyos resultados fueron valores superiores a 0,9, lo que indico fiabilidad y consistencia óptima en los instrumentos; por otro lado en el análisis correlacional, dieron como resultado valores que indicaron que las categorías en su totalidad presentaron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas, en consecuencia quedo demostrada la relación existente entre las categorías usadas en la investigación, en este caso categorías que correspondieron a las habilidades emocionales y el emprendimiento. Por todo esto, resulta necesario que las habilidades emocionales que fueron consideradas en el estudio, no sean atributos aislados en los emprendedores, sino más bien, se cosechen simultáneamente en ellos cada una de las habilidades que explican fuertemente la acción de emprender.
Certificación turística como herramienta de diferenciación clave para las playas: Caso Playa Chipipe. Salinas- Ecuador.
Authors: Mora Méndez Franklin Marcelo , García Castro Segundo Ronal , Chiriboga Cisneros Edison Fernando
Published: September 2020

El turismo de sol y playa sigue siendo de gran trascendencia mundial como motivador de viajes turísticos. La zona costera del pacifico ecuatoriano, posee una diversidad de playas con atractivos naturales y culturales que favorecen la motivación de los turistas. El incremento de visitantes, sumado a la saturación de planta turística y demás componentes del sistema turístico pueden ocasionar serios impactos negativos, por lo cual implica una gestión orientada con criterios de sostenibilidad que garantice mantener los estándares de calidad de los servicios y sus recursos. La investigación consistió en evaluar la playa Chipipe del cantón salinas apoyada en los parámetros de la norma ecuatoriana INEN 2631, para su certificación como primera playa turística certificada en el Ecuador. La metodología utilizada se fundamentó básicamente en el trabajo de campo a través de técnicas de observación y recopilación de información directa de los actores locales involucrados en el sector. Se obtuvo como resultado que la playa de Chipipe aplica para una certificación de clase “C” según la norma, cumpliendo con los indicadores de autogestión, seguridad, zonificación e infraestructura.
Grupos Focales: Marco de Referencia para su Implementación
Authors: Rodas Pacheco Fabián Darío , Pacheco Salazar Vicente Guillermo
Published: September 2020

La técnica de grupos focales ha sido utilizada por los investigadores en las ciencias sociales y comportamentales por más de ochenta años. Sin embargo, debido a la amplia gama de información respecto de grupos focales, se consideró pertinente la necesidad de tener una guía clara para la ejecución de esta técnica en el área social. En este escenario, el objetivo de la presente revisión de la literatura es definir los principios teóricos y criterios esenciales respecto de los grupos focales para proveer, tanto a estudiantes como a investigadores, los insumos necesarios requeridos para la aplicación de esta técnica, al momento de recabar datos. Este estudio se enmarca en la metodología de tipo de revisión bibliográfico descriptivo. En este contexto, se observa que los términos método y técnica son usados como sinónimos, siendo estos diferentes en acepción, que no hay consenso en el número de preguntas a formular durante la entrevista, y que el número de participantes debería constar de seis a diez colaboradores.
Cyanobacteria as a Nature-Based Biotechnological Tool for Restoring Salt-Affected Soils
Authors: Rocha Francisco , Esteban Lucas-Borja Manuel , Pereira Paulo , Muñoz-Rojas Miriam
Published: September 2020

Soil salinization poses an important threat to terrestrial ecosystems and is expected to increase as a consequence of climate change and anthropogenic pressures. Conventional methods such as salt-leaching or application of soil amendments, or nature-based solutions (NBSs) such as phytoremediation, have been widely adopted with contrasting results. The use of cyanobacteria for improving soil conditions has emerged as a novel biotechnological tool for ecosystem restoration due to the unique features of these organisms, e.g., ability to fix carbon and nitrogen and promote soil stabilisation. Cyanobacteria distribute over a wide range of salt concentrations and several species can adapt to fluctuating salinity conditions. Their application in agricultural saline soil remediation has been demonstrated, mostly in laboratory studies, but there is a lack of research regarding their use in natural ecosystems restoration. In this article, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on cyanobacteria in the context of ecosystem restoration. Examples of the application of cyanobacteria in alleviating salt-stress in plants and soils are presented. Furthermore, we acknowledge gaps regarding the extensive application of cyanobacteria in salt-affected soils remediation and discuss the challenges of NBSs in salt-affected soils restoration.
Clinician and Patient Factors Influencing Treatment Decisions: Ethnographic Study of Antibiotic Prescribing and Operative Procedures in Out-of-Hours and General Dental Practices
Authors: Thompson Wendy , McEachan Rosemary , Pavitt Susan , Douglas Gail , Bowman Marion , Boards Jenny , Sandoe Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Operative treatment is indicated for most toothache/dental abscesses, yet antibiotics instead of procedures are often prescribed. This ethnographic study aimed to identify clinician and patient factors influencing urgent dental care for adults during actual appointments; and to identify elements sensitive to context. Appointments were observed in out-of-hours and general dental practices. Follow-up interviews took place with dentists, dental nurses, and patients. Dentist and patient factors were identified through thematic analysis of observation records and appointment/interview transcripts. Dentist factors were based on a published list of factors influencing antibiotic prescribing for adults with acute conditions across primary health care and presented within the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour model. Contextually sensitive elements were revealed by comparing the factors between settings. In total, thirty-one dentist factors and nineteen patient factors were identified. Beliefs about antibiotics, goals for the appointment and access to dental services were important for both dentists and patients. Dentist factors included beliefs about the lifetime impact of urgent dental procedures on patients. Patient factors included their communication and negotiation skills. Contextual elements included dentists’ concerns about inflicting pain on regular patients in general dental practice; and patients’ difficulties accessing care to complete temporary treatment provided out of hours. This improved understanding of factors influencing shared decisions about treatments presents significant opportunity for new, evidence-based, contextually sensitive antibiotic stewardship interventions.