A MODEL TO ASSESS THE ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY MICROGRIDS: A CASE STUDY OF IMUFU NIGERIA
Authors: Chijioke Paul Agupugo  , Mezue Francis Canice Tochukwu  
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the economic viability of renewable energy microgrids in remote regions, focusing on their potential to provide reliable and sustainable energy solutions. Renewable energy microgrids, which integrate sources such as solar and wind power with advanced energy storage, offer a promising alternative to traditional energy systems, particularly for regions that lack access to conventional power grids. Remote regions often face significant challenges in accessing reliable and affordable energy. The dependence on diesel generators leads to high operational costs and environmental concerns. Renewable energy microgrids present an innovative solution to these issues by harnessing locally available renewable resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and providing consistent energy supply. The assessment involves analyzing initial capital investment and operational costs, comparing the economic performance of renewable microgrids against conventional energy systems, evaluating environmental and social benefits, and reviewing government policies, incentives, and regulatory frameworks that impact the deployment of microgrids. Data is gathered from case studies, existing projects, academic research, and industry reports to develop economic models and scenarios for analysis. While the initial setup cost for renewable microgrids is relatively high, advancements in technology and increased production scale are driving costs down. Significant savings are achieved over time through reduced fuel and maintenance expenses compared to diesel generators. Microgrids can achieve a favorable return on investment (ROI) within 5-10 years, contingent upon local conditions and system scale. Adoption of renewable microgrids leads to substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, supporting global climate goals. Improved energy reliability enhances the quality of life, supports economic development, and promotes social welfare in remote communities. Effective policies, subsidies, and incentives are crucial for reducing financial barriers and encouraging investment in renewable microgrids. Establishing clear and supportive regulatory environments is essential for the successful integration and scalability of microgrid systems. Despite the promising outlook, several challenges remain. The significant upfront investment required for microgrid infrastructure is a major hurdle. The lack of technical skills for installation, operation, and maintenance in remote regions can hinder successful deployment. Additionally, variability in local renewable resources like solar and wind can affect the reliability and performance of microgrids. To overcome these challenges, it is recommended to focus on reducing costs through technological advancements and enhancing local capacity through training and education. Developing policies and incentives that support renewable energy projects and reduce financial barriers is also essential. Engaging local communities in the planning and implementation process ensures the systems meet their needs and gain local support. Renewable energy microgrids are economically viable and environmentally sustainable solutions for providing reliable energy in remote regions. Despite initial cost challenges, the long-term benefits, including operational savings, emission reductions, and enhanced energy access, make them a compelling option. With strategic investments, supportive policies, and community involvement, renewable microgrids can significantly transform energy access and drive sustainable development in remote areas.
Keywords: Economic Viability, Microgrinds, Sustainability, Energy, Nigeria.