bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forensic Investigation of Bullet Holes for Determining Distance from Glass Fracture Analysis
Authors:   Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, A Butt , A Ali ,   Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, A Ahmad ,   Firearms & Tool Marks Section, National Forensic Science Agency (NFSA), Islamabad, Pakistan, M Shehzad ,   Govt. Graduate College, Model Town Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, A Malik ,   Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: May 2021

The study of glass fracture patterns has been of long interest to the forensic community. Fragments of glass can be significant evidence found in the investigation of various types of offenses especially where armed violence is involved on automobiles. Figuring out, whether glass fragments present on crime scene share the same origin as per glass that has been hit by a projectile or any substrate, is quite a success to an examiner because that further leads to the investigation of how and by which means it has done. Holes occurred in the glass at the crime scenes have much importance and many attempts are taken to investigate the properties of these glass holes to find the type, speed, and angle of the projectile which probably produce the hole. For highvelocity projectiles including bullets, these bullet holes in glass can exhibit certain features and fractures. The objective of this research was to determine the distance of shooter from the bullet hole on glass used in automobiles. Bullet holes were prepared and different parameters of glass fractures like bullet hole diameter, cone fractures radius, cone fractures diameter, radial, and concentric fracture count were considered from both front and the backside of the glass. These parameters were observed and analyzed to determine the dependency of these parameters on the variable “distance”. The consistency found in the measurements to conclude our results were checked by goodness of fit test. The study bears great significance as it could lay down a foundation to set a standard parameter to estimate distance of bullet hole from shooter in firing incidents involving glass fracture. This will provide a blueprint to crime scene investigators in order to reconstruct the crime scene for understanding and to take investigation to logical conclusion.
Characterization of Lignocellulosic Fibers Reinforced with Poly(vinyl alcohol)
Authors:   R & D Center, Department of Biotechnology, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560078, Karnataka, India, Anand Manasa V , Ravishankar R ,   R & D Center, Department of Biotechnology, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560078, Karnataka, India, Vasist Kiran S ,   R & D Center, Department of Biotechnology, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560078, Karnataka, India, H N Madhu ,   R & D Center, Department of Biotechnology, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560078, Karnataka, India
Published: May 2021

The demands for materials made of plastics are rapidly increasing, especially in food packaging application. Recently, attention has been drawn to the use of bio-reinforced composites in packaging, automotive, medical and construction applications due to increased concern for environmental sustainability. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films reinforced with crystals (unbleached) prepared by solution casting method possessed significantly improved properties compared to film reinforced with cellulose (bleached). From the results, PVA films with the addition of 4% (w/w) of crystalline cellulose exhibited best combination of properties. In addition to good mechanical properties, this composite has good water resistance and biodegradability. The water absorption of biocomposite was found to be 22.63%. From X - ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, diffraction peaks of biocomposite was observed at 2θ = 22.4384. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis it was found that fractures at surfaces of biocomposite film were smooth and even without any porosity and uniform dispersion of jute crystals in the matrix.
Russian Scientific Publication for the Covid-19 Period
Authors: Горбунов-Посадов Михаил Михайлович
Published: May 2021

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world of scientific publications: rapid publication and simplified access for articles about the virus, open access for a time of self-isolation in the world, and in Russia. There is an impressive difference between the number of readers for Russian scientific articles in open access and in paid access. The policy of journals of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Impressive growth in readership of CyberLeninka. Online meeting of the dissertation council. eLibrary news. Comprehensive publication activity score from the Ministry of education and science.
Preprint as the Material for an Overlay Journal
Authors: Полилова Татьяна Алексеевна
Published: May 2021

The Open access movement has a long history. In 2002 the Budapest Open access initiative was first announced. However, the problem of Open access has not yet been fully and definitively resolved. In 2018 The European Union has adopted Plan S, which calls for making Open access a reality by 2020. Plan S emphasizes the importance of self-archiving of articles and the role of Preprint’s archives (servers) for scientific results placement. It is noted that Preprint archives have a great potential for editorial and publishing innovations. Scientific journals with limited reader access that operate on a commercial basis do not give up their positions. But even here we see some progress. Journals have become less rigid in their policy towards preprints and post-prints.
More and more foreign scientists are becoming adherents of the "Fair open access" movement, which offers a new organizational solution. The journal must have a scientific organization or non-profit Foundation as a founder, that hires a group of executors to provide editorial and publishing services. Editors and publishers should not have their own commercial interests. The scientific journal should be funded from the general contribution of organizations.
The article considers a modern type of online scientific journal — the overlay journal. The cost of an issue of the overlay journal is so low that the journal can easily implements the "free for the author, free for the reader" scheme. The overlay journal is based on the public servers of preprints. The online overlay journal reviews the article received from the archive. If the article is accepted for publication, the article metadata is published on the journal website, and the full text of corrected article is re-archived. This way of working does not overload the archive functionality, but it allows to reduce the financial burden on the overlay journal.
Storyboard as One of the Representations of the Scenario Prototype of Computer Games
Authors: Кугуракова Влада Владимировна , Сахибгареева Гульнара Фаритовна , Бедрин Олег Александрович
Published: May 2021

The work is devoted to the study and improvement of the design, development, and testing of video game storytelling. The existing practices of writing and keeping up-to-date scripts for interactive works have been studied. The definition of a scenario prototype and requirements for its form are formulated. An idea was put forward about the efficiency of automating the creation of a scenario prototype in the form of a generator tool. A vision of such a tool has been drawn up. The impact of such a tool on development order is presented. Implemented a tool component and conducted an experiment that proves its effectiveness with an example such as generating storyboards from the text. Plans for future development have been formulated.
Research status and development direction of controlling factors of graphite mineralization in coal measures
Authors:   1School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, China. 2Shandong No.5 Geo-mineral Prospecting Institute, Tai’an, Shandong 271000, China.
Published: May 2021

Coal-measure graphite mineralization control is affected by many factors. In order to explore the ore-forming control factors and influence mechanism, the paper comprehensively analyzes the influence and mechanism of each factor from five aspects of coal rock composition, coal grade, temperature, pressure and mineralizer, combined with geological examples. The results show that in the process of graphite mineralization in coal measures, the components of coal and rock have the ability of graphitization, but the higher the degree of metamorphism of coal as carbon source, the higher the degree of graphitization of products, the higher the ore-forming temperature, and the higher the degree of graphitization. The development of tectonic movement promotes the graphitization, but the degree of graphitization is different and complicated due to the stress dissipation. Different minerals in coal have different effects on graphite mineralization in coal measures, and its mechanism needs to be further explored. Finally, it is pointed out that the research direction of coal series graphite lies in the different graphitization mechanism of the same rank coal and the different influence mechanism of different minerals in coal.
Risk assessment of Ordovician limestone water inrush in No.9 coal seam of Yangdong coal mine and its prevention and control measures
Authors:   1College of Earth Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038,China,   2Key Laboratory of Resource Exploration Research of Hebei Province, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Exploition, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China,   3Hydrogeological Bureau of China National Administration of coal geology, Handan 056038, China
Published: May 2021

With the increasing of mining depth, intensity, scale and speed, Ordovician limestone water has become the biggest threat to the safety production of the low group seam. Based on the existing geological data, the hydrogeological characteristics of Ordovician limestone water are analyzed; the risk of Ordovician limestone water inrush is evaluated by using the method of “five maps and double coefficients” and considering the importance of effective protective thickness of floor protective layer in the evaluation results. The results show that there are no non straight through relative safety area (Area I) and non straight type relative risk area (Area II), only non straight type water inrush risk area (Area III) and straight through water inrush risk area (Area IV). According to the evaluation results, the floor grouting reinforcement is directly adopted in Area IV, and the Ordovician limestone may need to be modified in the strong water rich area; in Area III, the grouting transformation of the floor is carried out after the area with water inrush is identified first, but the Ordovician limestone is not needed. Other prevention and control measures should be subsidiary.
Factores incidentales de conducta de los agentes de seguridad penitenciaria en el contexto de su trabajo
Authors: Quezada López Jefferson Adrián
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo describe los factores incidentales de la conducta de los Agentes de Seguridad Penitenciaria en el contexto laboral, debido a que, en las relaciones e interrelaciones de estos, con las personas privadas de la libertad se evidencian diversos modos de comportarse como consecuencia de las condiciones socio laborales. La recolección de información se realizó mediante entrevistas a diez agentes de seguridad en funciones, a diez ex-guías de seguridad penitenciaria, a diez internos (PPL) y a diez ex-internos. Los datos revelan que los Agentes de Seguridad Penitenciaria, mantienen un adecuado control emocional dentro y fuera de su lugar de trabajo. No obstante, se sienten muy preocupados por su seguridad e incluso la seguridad de sus familias, en el cumplimiento de sus funciones y evidencian cambios significativos en su comportamiento; lo cual, conlleva a concluir que, debido a las actividades rutinarias, las limitaciones inherentes a la seguridad y las exigencias laborales; los Agentes de Seguridad Penitenciaria tienen afectaciones socioemocionales a partir de las condiciones laborales en las que trabajan.
Change in ecological water quality of West Dvina River under the impact of urban waste water
Authors: Baitchorov V. M. , Giginyak Y. G. , Moroz M. D. , Giginyak I. J. , Korzun E. V.
Published: May 2021

In determining the quality of surface waters and, first of all, rivers, along with physical and chemical pollution, the analysis of the hydrobiological component of river ecosystems is becoming increasingly important. The aim of the work was to assess the ecological quality of the river ecosystems from the impact of wastewater discharge from the cities of Vitebsk, Polotsk and Novopolotsk on the Western Dvina River based on the macrozoobenthos community. The studied river sections are inhabited by rare for Belarus and protected in Europe species of aquatic organisms. A relatively high abundance (from 30 to 80 %) of the group of rheophilic species Plecoptera, Ephemeroptera, and Trichoptera was noted, which represent the three highest priority indicator groups of aquatic organisms. Biotic indices and the water purity class of the r. Western Dvina were determined. In accordance with the EU Water Framework Directive, the water purity class at the studied stations has a good and high value. It is concluded that the negative impact of wastewater from the cities of Vitebsk, Polotsk and Novopolotsk has a very local significance and weakly affects the biota and the ecological quality of the water of the Western Dvina River already at a distance of 18 km. below the discharge of water from the treatment facilities of the Novopolotsk refinery.
The content of phenolic compounds in the leaves of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. and their antioxidant activity
Authors: Deeva A. M. , Voizechovskaia A. A. , Spiridovich A. V. , Reshetnikov V. V.
Published: May 2021

The tree peony, which is considered a traditional ornamental plant in China, Japan, America and Europe, is also widely used as a medicinal plant. The collection of tree peonies in the State Scientific Institution “Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus” is represented by four taxa. The aim of our work was to assess the quantitative composition of the sum of phenolic compounds and hydroxylcinnamic acids in the leaves of the genus Paeonia, as well as to assess the antioxidant status of these samples depending on the phase of ontogenesis. As a result of the studies, a high content of phenolic compounds and hydroxycinnamic acids in the leaves of the studied taxa of the genus Paeonia was established, including the content exceeding the threshold of 65 mg/g in the leaves of Paeonia suffruticosa in all observed phases of ontogenesis. In the studied varieties, the proportion of hydroxycinnamic acids in the composition of phenolic compounds ranged from 25 to 50 %. Extracts of leaves of the Paeonia genus collected during the flowering period had the maximum antioxidant activity. Thus, the above data indicate that the aerial part of the Paeonia genus can be considered as a promising raw material for the creation of herbal remedies with antioxidant action.
Features of the architectonics of the microstructure of the primary remex of Owls (Strigiformes) due to the specifics of the flight
Authors: Fadeeva E. O.
Published: May 2021

Conducted electron microscopic investigation of the primary remex fine structure of thirteen species of Owls (Strigiformes), using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is shown that Owls (Strigiformes) have a number of specific primary remex microstructural characteristics. First of all, these are the features of the structure of the pennaceous barb: a cross section configuration, a pith architectonics on the cross section and longitudinal sections, a cuticular structur of the barb. A number of the unique features in the microstructure of the vanules of the pennaceous barb have been found for the first time (at the scanning electron microscope level, at a large SEM magnification). First of all, these are the structural features of the distal barbules and the structure of the apical portion of the barb with the elongated proximal barbules and the distal barbules tightly contiguous to the ramus and closed with each other. Mentioned characteristics make for the thick velvet-like dorsal surface of the vane and the presence of a complex of peculiar “bunches” (fringes) forming the cleft edge (a fringed edge) of the inner vane – exceptionally specific adaptive characteristics in Strigiformes. Рresentenced original research results suggest that Owls (Strigiformes) have a number specific microstructural characteristics of the primary remex and also a number of the unique features in the microstructure of the primary remex which reflecting the ecological and morphological adaptations conditioned by the flight specificity.
Associative parasitoses of the gastrointestinal tract of horses and assessment of anti-parasitic drugs efficiency
Authors: Sinyakov M. P.
Published: May 2021

Invasive diseases of horses are an urgent problem in the horse breeding industry of the Republic of Belarus, as well as in the near and far abroad countries. The main role among the parasitic pathology is occupied by helminths of the small and large intestine, as well as larvae of gasterophilus. In associative course, they are the cause of significant economic losses associated with the growth and development of sick young animals, reduced performance, endurance of animals, increased susceptibility to other diseases, and even the death of animals. Planned therapeutic and preventive measures using broad-spectrum anthelmintics is a priority measure to reduce economic damage in development of the horse breeding industry. The paper provides data on spread of parasitoses of gastrointestinal tract in horses in the Republic of Belarus during period of 2004-2020. The paper presents the species composition of horse parasites localized in the stomach, small and large intestines. Data on extensiveness and intensity of invasions of horses by parasitocenosis of digestive tract in terms of age are presented. Therapeutic efficiency of antiparasitic drugs of various pharmacological groups in mono- and polyinfestations of gastrointestinal tract of horses are studied. High extensibility of Avermectin series preparations (Avermectin paste 1 %, Rivertin 1 %) has been determined for nematodes of gastrointestinal tract of horses and gastrointestinal disease. High efficiency has been obtained from a new complex antiparasitic preparation for horses “Prazimax” in mono- and polyinfestations caused by parasites of gastrointestinal tract, including nematodes of the small and large intestines, larvae of gasterophilus and Anoplocephala perfoliata cestodes. Data on spread of associative course of parasitocenoses of the digestive tract of horses, age and seasonal dynamics will allow veterinary specialists to make timely diagnosis, conduct differential diagnostics, determine the optimal timing of diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive treatments, taking into account the specifics of parasitocenosis.
Consumption: conceptualization of notion in foreign classical sociology
Authors: Siamionava A. V.
Published: May 2021

Bases for the concept of “consumption” in foreign classical sociology have been considered. The author’s theoretical scheme of consumption analysis is developed. Approaches to consumption within the framework of structural functionalism at the level of macrosocial analysis are presented – these are class and institutional approaches, based on the principle of social organization and subordination. Social functions of the consumption are the stratification and establishment of control by interested system players. On the level of microsocial analysis, there is a socio-cultural approach based on the principle of identification, and in this case, social functions of consumption are the rationality of subjects in the process of self-realization and establishment of social communications in the context of the value-normative system of culture. As a result of the review of the scientific literature, it has been revealed that, at the moment, there is no consensus among researchers on the adoption of a broad definition of the concept of “consumption” in sociology, since it is usually defined by the context of the study. Based on the analysis of the sociological approaches to the consumption, its definition is formulated as social activity to satisfy material and spiritual needs through acquiring, using, destroying and alienating goods, as a result of which social differences and relations, social structure, institutional influence, value-normative system of culture, social identity, life styles, social connections and communications are determined, established and maintained.
PENGEMBANGAN GALUR KACANG TANAH UNGGUL (TOLERAN KEKERINGAN DAN NAUNGAN) DI LAHAN KERINGDESA KWANGKO KABUPATEN DOMPU
Authors: Hemon A Farid , Sumarjan Sumarjan , Listiana Baiq Erna , Kisman Kisman , Ujianto Lestari
Published: May 2021

Varietas unggul merupakan komponen penting dalam usaha tani untuk peningkatan produktivitas kacang tanah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membantu  kelompok tani mitra “Nanga Nae Dua” di Desa Kwangko untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan  petani dalam upaya meningkatkan produktivitas kacang tanah dengan penggunaan galur kacang tanah unggul (toleran kekeringan dan toleran naungan) dan produksi benih bermutu. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, telah dilakukan kegiatan penerapan  ilmu  dan  teknologi, dengan tahapan, yaitu: 1) diseminasi varietas unggul kacang tanah, 2) ceramah produksi benih bermutu dan penangkar benih, serta 3) demonstrasi plot budidaya galur unggul kacang tanah. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah metode pendidikan orang dewasa (POD) dengan teknik partisipatif. Kegiatan diseminasi dilakukan dengan sistem  ceramah  dan  diskusi  antara  Tim  Penyuluh dengan anggota Kelompok Tani. Kegiatan demonstrasi plot dilakukan dengan melibatkan petani secara langsung dalam merencanakan, menanam, memelihara, membandingkan, dan mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program pengabdian dilaksanakan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa petani sangat respon terhadap kegiatan pengembangan galur kacang tanah unggul toleran kekeringan dan naungan. Proses transformasi teknologi penggunaan varietas unggul dan produksi benih berkualitas kacang tanah telah terjadi pada petani.  Petani juga mampu menggunakan benih bermutu untuk budidaya kacang tanah di lahan kering Desa Kwangko. Petani dapat membandingkan  hasil demonstrasi plot antara benih dari galur unggul dengan benih asalan dari petani. Penggunaan galur unggul kacang tanah dari benih bermutu mampu meningkatkan produksi kacang tanah 2,5-3,3 ton ha-1polong kering  atau meningkat sebesar 48-60,6% dibanding dari benih asalan petani (1,3 ton ha-1) polong kering.
FORMATION OF SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT BASED ON A BALANCED SCORECARD
Authors: Aslanzade Rustam
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the substantiation of practical issues of implementing the principles of social responsibility in the company. An important part of any company’s business is supply chain management. In modern business, this is a comprehensive activity for managing all incoming and outgoing flows of company resources. Implementation of supply chain management on the principles of social responsibility is possible only on the basis of a consistent and integrated approach. The article substantiates the possibility of introducing the principles of social responsibility in the activities of the company based on a balanced scorecard. The balanced scorecard includes four blocks: finance, customers, personnel, and internal business processes. Each block includes a specific list of indicators, which assess the degree of implementation of the principles of social responsibility. A system of specific indicators for companies that manufacture, supply and install climate equipment is proposed: Finance (level of profitability; turnover growth; amount of Freon used (reuse); the amount of a modern group of environmentally sustainable fluorine-free refrigerants used; reuse of materials and assessment of their value; etc.); Customers (percentage of safe refrigerants used in products; percentage of customer refusals from cooperation; percentage of regular customers (more than 2 transactions; more than 1 year of cooperation; etc.); Personnel (the volume and share of expenses for employees’ certification; volumes and share of expenses for personnel development; volumes and share of expenses for stimulating employees); Internal business processes (accelerated service operations; reduction of time for placing orders; reduction of spoilage and waste; reduction of equipment maintenance and repair costs; reduction of time and costs of transportation operations; use of automated warehouse management systems; use of alternative energy sources; etc.). The proposed balanced scorecard allows the company to really build a green supply chain, which is an important competitive advantage.
COMPETITIVENESS OF HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM: INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION
Authors: Verbytska Anna , Kholiavko Nataliia
Published: May 2021

The globalization of the scientific-educational area determines the search for new competitive advantages of universities. One of the modern instruments of competition in the world educational services market is universities ranking. Nowadays the educational rankings are widespread; they are studied by researchers and experts of international organizations. In the same time the high dynamism of scientificeducational area requires the permanent monitoring of the competitive positions of the national higher education systems. The purpose of the article is to analyze the competitive positions of higher education systems of selected countries in the world rankings, as well as to identify the directions of increasing their competitiveness in the context of globalization and digitization of the scientific-educational area. The authors studied the methodology of a range of popular rankings of educational systems, and analyzed the ranks of selected countries (United States of America, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Sweden, Denmark, Canada, Finland, Norway, Ukraine, Germany, France, Austria, Poland, China, and Spain). The selection is based on the differentiation of the countries according to the geographic position and ranking position. The source of data: bases of international organizations OECD, World Bank, UNESCO, ILO; and rankings ARWU, SCImago, Webometrics, and Leiden Ranking. Based on the comparative analysis, the article concludes that the increasing of competitiveness of the national higher education system needs the use of integrated approach combining the set of educational, research, financial, internationalization, and managerial components. The authors emphasized the urgency of developing and implementing institutional strategies for internationalization of universities, synchronized with national ones.
HUMAN RESOURCES COMPETITIVENESS OF UKRAINE: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC PREREQUISITES
Authors: Kirichenko Olha
Published: May 2021

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the socio-economic preconditions of increasing the competitiveness of human resources of Ukraine in the international dimension taking into account the tendencies of globalization and digitalization in the world. In the process of viewing of the number of scientific publications, which are devoted to the problems of human resources competitiveness, the essence of the competitiveness in general and, in particularly, the components of staff competitiveness, the factors, which influence on the competitiveness of personnel, the role of human resources in ensuring the competitiveness of organizations were identified. It was emphasized that the human resources competitiveness depends on the quality of human resources themselves, as well as on the quality of jobs available and the socio-economic development of territories and countries. The low level of socio-economic development of territories and countries leads to the migration of the skilled employees. There were researched in the international comparison such components as skills of human resources, the level of labour market development, pay and productivity, cooperation in labour-employer relations, social capital, ICT adoption, the level of GDP per capita and average monthly salary of employees. There were developed the proposals of the socio-economic preconditions improvement which deals with forming the relevant conditions for decent pay for the human resources, their continuous professional development, the necessity of social capital forming, social dialogue and social infrastructure development, the quality of vocational education rising. It was marked out the importance of creative thinking, communication skills, emotional intelligence, flexibility, adaptability, self-organization, skills in the sphere of modern ICT using for human resources competitiveness increasing.
SOFT SKILLS GAP AND IMPROVING BUSINESS COMPETITIVENESS BY MANAGING TALENT IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Authors: Ņikadimovs Oļegs , Ivanchenko Tetiana
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this paper is to develop a deeper understanding of talent management strategies and practices in the hospitality industry context paying additional attention to soft skills gap. This study on talent management is limited and fragmented, that is why integrative literature review has been chosen as a method used to identify and analyse relevant studies, theoretical concepts in order to develop a deeper understanding and create a more comprehensive study of the strategies reviewed, and possibly to provide some solutions. Results from the literature review showed that talent management has a positive and strong association with competitive advantage, performance and talent positioning (Anwar & Nisar, 2014). New theoretical concepts and framework for talent management in the hospitality industry are beginning to develop, and it is a pathway for a hospitality company to reach its strategic goals and objectives. Competencies that have remained on the list of required skills include the soft skills of communication, customer focus, interpersonal skills and leadership (Johnson, Ghiselli, Shea, and Roberts, 2011). The performance of the company can be negatively impacted by skills gap due to unsatisfying levels of productivity and lacking quality (Bennett & McGuinness, 2009). The limitations of this study might be listed as having limited design due to a variety of constraints, that is why it can be viewed as fragmented, although this study adds to adds to the overall scope of literature on talent management, soft skills gap in the hospitality industry. Practical implications can generally help the practitioners to place emphasis on the development of soft skills and implement better talent management strategies to ensure that a positive image of the organization is consistently presented. Based on results, the future research should be conducted on the outputs and effects of these talent management concept and strategies, as well as how it can facilitate the soft skills gap closure on individual and organizational performance. Conducting an empirical research, both qualitative and quantitative, which includes observation or implementation of these practices may be useful to further build on the literature.
Bacterial causes of upper & lower respiratory tract infection in Sheep
Authors: Ali Jamal Salman
Published: May 2021

This study was designed to investigate the bacterial species that induceupper and lower respiratory tract infection in sheep, and to find out anyrelationship which may exist between them.Therefore two groups of sheep were employed. The first group wassuffering from certain respiratory signs. While the second group was apparentlyhealthy. Each group included 50 sheep. Research samples were collected for aperiod of six months from AL-Shulla Abattoir.Microbiological investigation indicated the isolation of certainmicroorganisms from all animals in both groups from nasal cavity, and from 34lungs of the first group and 16 lungs of the second group. The number of isolatesfrom the nasal cavity, were 200 from different species ,43 isolates from thebronchioles and 70 from the lungs tissue. On the other hand the number ofbacterial isolates from the nasal cavity, bronchioles and the lung tissue of thefirst group were 113, 29 and 55 respectively.The study revealed the isolation of potentially pathogenic bacteria from thelower respiratory system of both groups, these bacteria were namely Pasteurellahaemolytica of serotype (A2), Niesseria spp. and Corynebacterium pyogenes,the number of isolates were 6 for each, and 8 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.These bacteria were also isolated from the nasal cavity. The isolation of thesebacteria from the nasal strongly suggested their presence in the lungs and theprobable role in lesion formation.Animal inoculation were performed to study the virulence of P.haemolytica which caused certain hemorrhagic lesion in the lung , liver andkidney, with areas of necrosis in the lungs of the experimentally inoculatedrabbit, and caused death in mice. While the inoculation of C. ovis caused thedeath of rabbits within 72 hours, together with the presence of multipleabscessation on the internal organs and abdomenal wall.Sensitivity tests indicated a high sensitivity of most isolates to Gentamicin,Erythromycin and Kanamycin.
Study of some Impact Of Enterococcus faecium As Probiotic On Chick 1- Body Weight And Pathological Changes In Air Sacs And Intestine
Authors: Khamas Emad J.
Published: May 2021

To investigate the impact of Enteococcus faecium as probiotic in layer chicks,this bacteria was given in feed at a dose rate of 1.5 gm per kg feed, each kg offeed contained 5×1011 cfu along the period of the study (57 days). 150 one dayold males were divided into five groups, 30 males each. The 1st group was giventhe probiotic only in the feed, the 2nd group was given the probiotic and exposedto high temperature and bad ventilation as a stress, and the third group wasgiven the probiotic with chlortetracycline in feed while the fourth group wasgiven the probiotic and then infected with E. coli on 21 day of age and the fifthgroup was given feed with out probiotic as the control group. The resultsshowed that there was increase in body weight especially in the last weeks of theexperiment. Turbidity of the air sacs was mild in the four group compared withcontrol. Intestinal villi became elongated due to using of probiotic and there wasless sloughing compared with control, and those groups showed resistancetoward E. coli infection.
Treatment and prevention of Salomellosis in puppies using Lactobacillus acidophilus
Authors: Al-Samarrae S. A.G.
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate the ability of Lactobacillusacidophilus to prevent and treat Salmonella typhimurium in puppies. In vitroantibiotic sensitivity test of S. typhimurium was made and the result revealedthat Ciprofloxacin is the most effective.Isolation of L. acidophilus from theintestinal tract of the normal dogs and also revealed that all Lactobacillus strainswere biochemically identical to standard strain. A bacterial strain that had highability to inhibit the growth of S. typhimurium in vitro with high ability toadhere to intestinal epithelial cells and tolerate the low pH and bile salts waschosen for the experimental study.Twenty puppies were divided into four groups and treated in different ways.The clinical, haematological and biochemical parameters were obtained from allanimals at the period of two days before inoculation until the death of animals ofthe first group at the sixth day post infection. The results revealed that , puppiesexperimentally infected with S.typhimurium showed both septicemic andgastrointestinal forms of the disease accompanied with isolation ofS.typhimurium from the blood and stool throughout the experiment. Thestatistical analysis of the results of all parameters among all groups revealed ,forthe first time, that L.acidophilus plays an important role in the prevention ofS.typhimurium infection in puppies . It also has high therapeutic effect againstS.typhimurium, which was almost similar to that of Ciprofloxacin.
The effect of Aloe Vera leaf gel in promoting wound healing and as antibacterial
Authors: Al-Khayyat Ali Aziz
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to explore the effect of Aloe Vera leafgel in promoting wound healing and to investigate theantibacterial effect against some pathogenic bacteria in comparisonwith Nigella sativa oil. Standard dilutions of Aloe Vera leaf gel weremade from ten to one hundred percent and its antibacterial effecthad been examined in seeded agar method against Staphylococcusaureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa both were previously identifiedby laboratory and biochemical methods, Nigella Sativa oil which isknown to be one of the important medicinal plant was used forcomparison . Statistical analysis showed a significant difference(P<0.05) between AVG and Nigella Sativa oil.The effect of Aloe Vera leaf gel against Staph .aureus was morepotent than against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There was aproportional relation between different concentrations of AVGwith the values of inhibition zones diameters of the bacteria.Results showed that Aloe Vera was more potent than Nigella sativaagainst both bacteria.The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was sixtymg/ml and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) waseighty mg/ml for Staph .aureus.In order to investigate the effect of Aloe Vera gel on woundhealing, twenty-four local male rabbits were used. They weredivided into four equal groups and each animal was wounded inboth sides of the back region by making a one by two centimetersquare standard longitudinal incision with surgical scalpel. Thefirst group was a control group (wounded without treatment); thisgroup was employed to observe the normal wound healing. Thesecond group was treated with crude Aloe Vera leaf gel twice dailyfor 10 days. While the third group was wounded and infected withthe pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus vaureus without treatment,in order to observe the natural body defense against pathogenicmicroorganisms. The last group was infected with the samebacteria but treated with crude Aloe Vera leaf gel to observe theantibacterial effect. The wounds in the left side in second andfourth group were left as self-control.
Study of effect of immunosuppresion caused by H9N2 in broiler
Authors: Allawe Aida Bara
Published: May 2021

This study was concerned with conduction of experiment for thesereason three groups of broiler chicks were used.First group (which consisted of 15 chicks) was vaccinated with liveattenuated vaccine (laSota strain) at age 10, 20, 30 days by drinkingwater. Second group (which consisted of 15 chicks) was infectedexperimentally with H9N2 (AMR.ANT/IRAQ/2005) 108.6 LD50/0.1mlat age 8 day then vaccinated with live attenuated vaccine (LaSota strain)at age 10, 20, 30 days by drinking water .third group (which consisted of10 chicks) was considered as a control group without vaccination.Immune response in all chicks groups were estimated at age (40) daysdepending on Heamagglutination test and ELISA. The first group showedhighest titer in HI and ELISA tests in comparison with second and thirdgroups.
Study influence of Salinomycin and Anticoccidial Vaccine on Pathological changes in intestine of Broiler Chickens experimental infected with Eimeria spp.
Authors: Kalef Dalia Ahmed
Published: May 2021

To conduct the influence of salinomycin & anticoccidial vaccine onpathological changes in intestine of broiler chickens experimentalinfected with Eimeria spp. By using 40 broiler chicks divided randomlyto four groups( 10 chicks of each group ) First group vaccinated withanticoccidial vaccine (coccivac) at 8 days of age in drinking water whilethe second group feeded salinomycin in concentration 60ppm from oneday old ,the third group left non vaccinated nor given salinomycin as acontrol group at(26 days )of age chicks in that three groups infected withdifferent species of Eimeria spp .with high dose (744x74³) Oocyst /chickby group inoculation & the fourth group consider negative control notvaccinated or treated .At (33 days)of chicks age all the chicks were killedfor measuring lesion score of intestine which their results +1.75 , +3, +4with mortality rate 0%,10%,20% for vaccinated ,salinomycine treated &control groups respectively then took samples for Histopathologicalchanges the results pointed high pathological changes in intestine ofpositive control group with sever necrosis & degeneration of epitheliawith sever tissue damage companied with maturation first & secondgeneration sporozoite in the endothelial layer of intestine. While thepathological changes was less sever in salinomycine treated group withnecrosis & degeneration of epithelial layers accompanied with exist ofsporozoite in endothelial layer of intestine . while the vaccinated groupshowed no clear pathological changes in intestine except hyperplasia ofglobal cells & infiltration of lymphocytes cells in the layers of intestine ,it was concluded that the vaccine which was given to chicks provide goodprotection & decrease dangerous of coccidiosis infection .
Histological study of the Vagus, Accessory and Hypoglossal nerves nuclei in one humped camel Camelus Dromedarius
Authors: Abass T. A.
Published: May 2021

The present work making histological studies of certain part of medullaoblongata on seven one humped camel ( Camelus Dromedarius ) of differentages and sexes. The location of Vagus X, accessory XI and hypoglossal XIInerve nuclei. The hypoglossal nerve XII nucleus consist of two nuclei dorsalgreater and ventral smaller and the dorsal nuclei observed. Connected withdorsal motor vagal nucleus X by specific arch of fiber in many sections andanother observation the root fiber of hypoglossal nucleus XII pass along thelateral border of inferior olivary nucleus and some sections the root fiberpenetrate lateral part of inferior olivary nucleus.
Fluorescent Antibody Technique For Detection Of Salmonella Typhimurium In The Intestine Of Experimentally Infected Calves
Authors: Habasha Faisal G.
Published: May 2021

A systemic study on the pathogenesis of experimentally inducedSalmonella typhimurium infection was carried out in calves. Sixteen normal,colostrum-fed, friesian calves, ranging in age from 3 to 6 weeks were used. Thecalves were divided into two equal groups. Group I calves were inoculatedorally with 1.5 x 1011 CFU of Salmonella typhimurium and group II calvesserved as control.Using an indirect fluorescent antibody technique, it was found thatSalmonella typhimurium has an apparent predilection for the small intestineparticularly jejunum and ileum. The results of this study suggest that thistechnique can be considered as a rapid reliable technique for diagnosis ofsalmonellosis in endemic outbreaks.
Comparative therapeutic studies on experimentally infected mice and naturally infected calves with ringworm
Authors: Brahim Ouroba M.S.
Published: May 2021

Groups of mice experimentally infected with ringworm Trichophyton mentagrophyte were treated withointments prepared from 5% cold alcoholic extract of two plants of Thymbra spicata , Ruta chalepnsisand compared with the commercial drug “Clotrmazole” (1%), recovery from ringworm needed 16 , 18 ,14 days for Th.spicata, Ruta chalepensis and Coltrmazole respectively.On the other hand 28 naturally infected calves with ringworm from the genera Trichophytonmentagrophytes and Aspergillus were divided into four groups, and each group treated individually withone of the ointments 5% concentration , cold alcoholic extract of Th.spicata and Ruta chalepensis beside“Clotrimazole”.The fourth group was left as a positive control groupRecovery from ringworm was complete after 21, 25, 18 days in the groups treated with spicata, Rutachalepensis and “Clotrimazole respectively. These results indicate the therapeutic effect of the coldalcoholic extract of the two plants used compared to commercial antifungal drug
Effect of uses of Probiotic prepared from Lactobacillus acidophilus Bacteria as immunostimulator in lambs vaccinated with Brucella melitensis Rev-1 vaccine
Authors: A. Yousif A.
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of probiotic prepared from Lactobacillus acidophilus & usedas immunostimulator to improve the humeral &cellular immune response in lambs vaccinated with the Rev-1 vaccine.Lactobacillus isolated from intestinal contents of sheep after culturing on specific media &study the morphological &biochemical characteristic Lactobacillus acidophilus was selected as probiotic after definitive diagnosis and dependingon their higher adherence ability to epithelial cells of the intestine and have high tolerance to low pH and bile salts .thensensitivity test of the strain against antibiotics was done The experimental study included 15 lambs (age 5-8 months)were equally divided into three groups and treated as following.* First group was vaccinated with Rev -1 vaccine (1ml contain 2×109CFU- s/c as single dose ) and ioculated orally withprepared probiotic (2 ×109 CFU /lamb ) at one week before vaccination and continued daily to end of experiment(14weeks).*Second group was vaccinated only with Rev -1 vaccine at same way in first group. *Third group was inoculated with 1ml PBS S\c as control group. Clinical and immunological tests were conducted to all lambs at 0 times & after 2, 6, 10, 14weeks. The results of clinical tests revealed that there is increase in body temperature, respiratory &pulse rates ofvaccinated animals only but the second group show the highest parameters. The vaccinated lambs shows humeralimmune response by giving a positive results to rose Bengal test & by using Passive haemagglutination test, the firstgroup revealed high significant antibody titer (716.80±125.413) than the second group and third group (p<0.05 ) . andthe results of cellular immune response, as detected by delayed type hypersensitivity test which give a positive results invaccinated groups but the first group was significantly higher (p<0.05 )at than rates in redness area and thicknesscompared with the second group E. rosette test showed significant increase at(p<0.05 ) of activated lymphocyte infirst group ( 51.976±4.619 )compared with second (41.22±3.6865). Serum total protein concentration was increased infirst group (9.7358±0.2615) compared with other groups.
EFFECT OF DIETARY ASPIRIN ON SOME BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF BROILERS REARED IN HIGH DENSITY
Authors: Shaker Motthena Mahmoud
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of adding aspirin to the diet on somebiochemical parameters such as blood serum glucose , cholesterol , uric acid , total protein ,phosphorus and calcium concentrations of broilers reared in high density (15 birds / m ) . A 90 chicks 7days old were distributed into two treatments (45 chicks per treatment ) , T1 chicks fed a diet withoutaspirin (control) , chicks in T2 fed a diet supplemented with 0.2 % aspirin (2 mg aspirin / kg feed) .Each treatment subdivided into three replicates and each replicate reared in 1 X 1 m pen . The dataobtained revealed the following:Blood serum glucose concentration were 189 mg /100 ml , cholesterol concentration were 207mg /100 ml , uric acid concentration were 4.6 mg /100 mll of T1 chicks at 7 weeks of age , adding 0.2% of aspirin to the diet (T2) decreased blood serum glucose , cholesterol and uric acid of broiler chicksto 178 , 182 and 4.2 mg /100 ml respectively , in the same time adding aspirin to the diet increasedsignificantly (P<0.01) total protein concentration which were 5.1 gm /100 ml compaired with 4.6gm/100 ml of control chicks (T1) at 7 weeks of age . Adding aspirin to the diet increased significantly(P<0.01) blood serum phosphorus and calcium concentrations which indicated the importance ofadding aspirin in broiler diet to rebalance blood biochemical parameters and reducing crowding stressduring high density production