bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep learning-based lesion characterization and outcome prediction of prostate cancer on [ 18 F]DCFPyL PSMA imaging
Authors: Zhao Linmei , Imami Maliha , Wang Yuli , Mao Yitao , Hsu Wen-Chi , Chen Ruohua , Mena Esther , Li Yang , Tang Jingyi , Wu Jing , Voter Andrew F. , Amindarolzarbi Alireza , Kwak Lily , Bi Lulu , Kargilis Daniel , Afyouni Shadi , Gafita Andrei , Chen Junyu , Li Xin , Leal Jeffrey P. , Du Yong , Lin Gigin , Jiao Zhicheng , Choyke Peter L. , Rowe Steven P. , Pomper Martin G , Liao Weihua , Bai Harrison X.
Published: October 2024

Background
This study aimed to develop deep learning (DL) models for lesion characterization and outcome prediction in prostate cancer (PCa) patients using Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) PET/CT imaging.
Methods
The study included 358 confirmed PCa patients who underwent [18F]DCFPyL PET/CT imaging. Patients were divided into training and internal test sets (n = 275), prospective test set (n = 64), and external test set (n = 19). Lesions were evaluated using PSMA-Reporting and Data System (RADS) scores, malignancy classification, treatment response and survival prediction, followed by DL models trained for each of these tasks. The performance of multi-modality (PET + CT) models was compared to single-modality models, with the best models from the internal and prospective test sets applied to the external test set.
Results
The input concatenation model, incorporating both PET and CT data, demonstrated the highest performance across all tasks. For PSMA-RADS scoring, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.80–0.81) for the internal test set, 0.72 (95% CI: 0.69–0.75) for the prospective test set, and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.68–0.69) for the external test set. For malignancy classification, the model achieved AUROCs of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.78–0.80), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.68–0.71), and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.61–0.63) in the internal, prospective, and external test sets, respectively. The AUROC for treatment response prediction was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.73–0.77) for the internal test set, 0.70 (95% CI: 0.67–0.72) for the prospective test set, and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.70–0.73) for the external dataset. The C-index for survival was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.57–0.59), 0.60 (95% CI: 0.60–0.63) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.57–0.62) in the internal, prospective, and external test sets, respectively.
Conclusions
The DL model utilizing input concatenation of PET and CT data outperformed single-modality models in PSMA-RADS scoring, malignancy classification, treatment response assessment, and survival prediction, highlighting its potential as a clinical tool.
Predictive Value of Plasma Zonulin Levels for Postoperative Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis in Hirschsprung’s Disease Patients
Authors: Wu Lihua , Zhou Ruijie , Xiao Ping , Zhang Zhen , Li Bo , Pierro Agostino , Li Long , Jiang Qian , Li Qi
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is a functional obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by the congenital absence of enteric ganglion cells. This condition leads to impaired intestinal barrier function in HSCR patients, which primarily manifests as abdominal distension, constipation, and vomiting. The protein zonulin serves as a biomarker for intestinal permeability. In this study, we aimed to explore the changes in plasma zonulin levels in patients with HSCR and to assess its predictive role in the development of postoperative Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC).
Methods
Sixty HSCR patients were recruited for this study, categorized into short-segment disease (S-HSCR) (n=33), long-segment disease (L-HSCR) (n=15), and total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) (n=12). Venous blood samples were taken from all participants before and after pull-through surgery. Plasma concentrations of zonulin were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HE-stained sections from 27 patients were used to evaluate the inflammation degree of the dilated (ganglionic) segment. Postoperative outcomes were assessed through a combination of online questionnaires and telephone interviews. The diagnostic threshold for HAEC was set based on clinical symptom definition and the HAEC scoring system developed previously.
Results
Preoperative zonulin levels in patients with TCA were significantly lower than those in patients with S-HSCR (p=0.008) and L-HSCR (p=0.028). The incidence of postoperative HAEC was 16.7%, 57.1%, and 14.3% in TCA, L-HSCR, and S-HSCR groups, respectively. Patients who experienced an increase of more than 1.5 times in plasma zonulin levels on the first day after surgery had a higher risk of developing HAEC (p=0.005).
Conclusion
Preoperative zonulin levels were lowest in the TCA group. The rate of change in zonulin levels on the first day after surgery can serve as a useful indicator for predicting the risk of postoperative HAEC occurrence.
Rapid and Accurate Diagnosis of Breast Cancer by Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Using the “Click-to-Sense” Method
Authors: Kitahara Yuri , Tanei Tomonori , Hatano Takaaki , Pradipta Ambara R. , Morimoto Koji , Nagatomo Tadasuke , Abe Kaori , Masunaga Nanae , Mishima Chieko , Yoshinami Tetsuhiro , Tsukabe Masami , Sota Yoshiaki , Miyake Tomohiro , Shimoda Masafumi , Motoyama Yuichi , Morii Eiichi , Tanaka Katsunori , Shimazu Kenzo
Published: October 2024

We have previously demonstrated the value of the “click-to-sense” (CTS) assay, in which a fluorescent probe targeting acrolein can detect cancer cells and differentiate between malignant and benign lesions in breast tissue. In this study, we assessed the usefulness of the CTS assay for diagnosis of breast tumors by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). A total of 126 FNABs were performed on live tissue samples obtained by surgery (63 breast cancers, 31 benign breast tumors, and 32 normal breast glands). CTS reagents (CTS probe and Hoechst dye mixed with encapsulating agents) were added to the aspirated cells and placed on slides, which were then cover-slipped and imaged under a fluorescence microscope. Another FNAB slide was prepared for each of the same live tissue samples, fixed in ethanol, and subjected to Papanicolaou (PAP) staining. The diagnostic accuracy of the CTS assay was compared with that of PAP staining by histopathological examination of permanent sections. The CTS assay had a sensitivity of 92.1%, a specificity of 96.8%, and an accuracy of 94.4% (119/126 samples); the respective values for PAP staining were 98.4%, 89.8%, and 94.2% (114/121 samples). The insufficiency/inadequacy rate was 0% for the CTS assay and 4% for PAP staining (5/126 samples). In conclusion, the CTS assay is as accurate as PAP staining for FNAB of breast lesions. This assay could potentially replace PAP staining because it has a lower inadequacy rate and is simpler and less labor-intensive and time-consuming to perform.
Nomogram and scoring system for preoperative prediction the risk of systemic inflammatory response syndrome in patients undergoing one-stage flexible ureteroscopy lithotripsy
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Zhu Lian , Zhang Haiyan , Zhang Rentao , Ding Yinman , Wang Zhengquan , Lin Changming
Published: October 2024

Objectives To develop an effective predictive tool for preoperative prediction the risk of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in one-stage flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy (FURL). Materials and methods A total of 340 patients with upper urinary tract stone (UUTS) who underwent one-stage FURL from April 2021 to May 2024 were analyzed retrospectively. We used least absolute shrinkage and selection regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis to screen out independent risk factors and then developed a nomogram. Concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve were used to internal evaluated the predictive ability. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to test the clinical serviceability of the nomogram. We further evaluated the risk of SIRS in one-stage FURL based on the influence of available variables. Results: Age, urinary white blood cells, urine bacterial culture and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were combined to establish nomogram for prediction the risk of SIRS in one-stage FURL. The SII had the highest odds ratio (OR = 30.356) to SIRS. The C-index (0.964, 95%CI = 0.932–0.996), area under curve (0.935), and calibration curve demonstrated the favourable predictive ability of nomogram prediction. DCA curve presented almost all patients in this study were suitable for this nomogram. We further developed a scoring system and classified the risk of SIRS into four grades. Conclusion The established nomogram and risk scoring system have favourable predictive ability and clinical serviceability to personalize predict the SIRS risk in UUTS patients undergoing one-stage FURL. The proposed tool may help clinicians select effective treatment for UUTS patients.
Multi-omics analysis reveals the host-microbe interactions on the dysbiosis of tissue microbiota in male genital lichen sclerosus- induced urethral strictures
Authors: Yu Zhenwei , Wang Zeyu , Mao Guangyu , Tang Juan , Zhang Ruihang , Song Lujie , Xiu Xianjie
Published: October 2024

Background
Male genital lichen sclerosus-induced urethral strictures (MGLSc-US) is a chronic inflammatory disease with significant microbiota dysbiosis. The impact of this dysbiosis on disease progression and gene expression in MGLSc lesions still has a knowledge gap. This study investigated the influence of microbiome-host interactions on microbial dysbiosis and differential gene expression in MGLSc by analyzing the microbiome and transcriptome of foreskin tissues.
Results
Microbiome and transcriptome sequencing were conducted using prepuce samples from MGLSc patients (n = 27) and controls (n = 17). In MGLSc patients, unclassified Muribaculaceae and Escherichia coli. were enriched, while Finegoldia magna, Prevotella timonensis, Bacillus pumilus, and Peptoniphilus harei etc., were reduced. No differences in alpha diversity were observed, but beta diversities were significantly different (p < 0.05) compared to controls. The microbial community exhibited a decrease in Gram-positive bacteria (p < 0.05). The top 15 GO pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with immune activation, inflammatory response, and innate immunity and pathogen response. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis revealed MGLSc lesions enriched immune cells, including activated CD4 T cells (p < 0.0001), effector memory CD4 T cells (p < 0.0001), activated B cells (p < 0.001), and Type 2 Helper T cells (p < 0.001). DEGs related to pathogen recognition, such as TLR1, TLR2, TLR6, and HLA-DOB, were upregulated (p < 0.05). Clinical correlation analysis indicated that Escherichia coli negatively correlated with age (p < 0.01). The unclassified Muribaculaceae was positively correlated with total cholesterol levels (p < 0.001). The abundance of Peptoniphilus sp. S470 was positively correlated with body mass index (p < 0.05). The abundance of Bacillus pumilus was positively correlated with triglycerides levels (p < 0.05). Enterococcus faecalis (p < 0.05) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (p < 0.01) were negatively correlated with stricture grade.
Conclusions
This study, based on microbiota and transcriptomics, was the first to discover a decrease in Gram-positive bacteria in the lesional prepuce tissue of MGLSc patients. In the MGLSc population, dysbiosis was associated with pathogen-response immune pathways. Additionally, patient clinical characteristics were correlated with the abundance of differential microbe.
Fuelling Gold Medals: Developing a Periodised Nutrition System for Elite Athletes and Applying it in Practice
Authors: Turner Ollie , Chessor Richard , Mitchell Nigel
Published: October 2024

The concept of periodised nutrition is a well-established within performance nutrition support to appropriately fuel elite athletes while maximising the adaptative response from training. Despite this, there still appears to be little planning and integration of training prescription and nutrition between the nutritionist and multi-disciplinary team. Consequently, the aim of this current opinion was to (1) propose a ‘Periodised Nutrition System’ which can be utilised by nutrition practitioners when working with athletes; (2) discuss how this can be administered in practice, collaborating with the coach, multidisciplinary team and athlete; (3) present a case study of the proposed ‘nutrition periodisation system’ and its utilisation with a world class swimmer leading into the 2024 Olympic Games. The ‘Periodised Nutrition System’ presents different ‘performance plates’, quantities of different foods to fit into the ‘performance plates’ to aid recipe development, and how they may practically fit into an athlete’s periodisation alongside theoretical rationale. The case study demonstrates a ‘real world’ scenario of its utilisation with an elite swimmer, transitioning through three separate performance goals while reducing body mass by 1.9 kg, sum of eight skinfolds by 20.1mm, predicted fat mass by 2.6 kg and an increase in predicted lean mass by 0.6 kg over a six-week mesocycle. The study highlights that the ‘Periodised Nutrition System’ enables the practitioner to develop structure to their support aligning nutritional strategies with the training periodisation of the athlete, allowing for an individual approach, specific to the athlete’s performance goal(s) and the desired adaptation of a training session.
Equity analysis: To understand the equity gap regarding the menstrual regulation service in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Fariya , Emma Tasmiah Afrin , Azrin Farhia , Patwary Mohammad Hridoy , Ahmed Anisuddin
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Despite menstrual regulation (MR) being recognised as a vital component of reproductive health and rights of women by the Government of Bangladesh, its utilisation remains limited. This paper aims to examine trends and associated factors of MR utilisation as well as the extent of socioeconomic inequalities in MR utilisation and factors contributing to the inequality over time.
Methods
Data for this study was extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2007, 2011, 2014, and 2017-18 datasets. After adjusting for sampling weight, data from a total of 65,552 ever-married women aged 15–49 years were included. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis using Pearson’s Chi-squared tests were employed to explore associations between outcome and explanatory variables across different wealth quintiles. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were fitted to identify significant predictors of MR utilisation. Socio-economic inequalities in MR utilisation were examined using Lorenz curves and Erreygers normalised concentration indices. Finally, a decomposition analysis of the concentration index was conducted to assess the contribution of various factors to the observed inequality.
Results
MR service utilisation in Bangladesh remained consistent over the years, peaking slightly in 2011 (6.4%) and reaching its lowest rate in 2017-18 (5.4%). Utilisation was higher in urban areas, with the highest rates in Rajshahi and Barishal divisions and the lowest in Sylhet, and an overall upward trend by wealth quintile over time. Women’s age, education, husband’s education, wealth index, division, place of residence, employment status, exposure to media, number of living children, contraceptive use, and survey year were significant factors associated with MR utilisation. The weighted Erreygers normalised concentration index (ECI) revealed a pro-rich concentration of MR utilisation, although the equity gap narrowed from 2007 (ECI = 0.310) to 2017-18 (ECI = 0.157). Wealth index and exposure to media emerged as the leading contributors to the overall socio-economic inequality in MR utilisation.
Conclusion
This study highlights trends and factors contributing to inequalities in MR usage, which can guide the government and relevant stakeholders to place greater efforts in reducing socioeconomic and geographical disparities in MR utilisation by enhancing awareness through mass-media, training healthcare providers, and ensuring availability of MR services, particularly among less affluent women.
Focal or Diffuse Bladder Wall Thickness on Bladder Computed Tomography Indicates More Severe Bladder Wall Inflammation in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis
Authors: Yu Wan-Ru , Jiang Yuan-Hong , Jhang Jia-Fong , Kuo Hann-Chorng
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The classification of different phenotypes of interstitial cystitis/ bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) provides different pathophysiology and associated treatment strategies. Most clinical studies have focused on bladder symptoms and cystoscopic findings. This study analyzed bladder wall thickness (BWT) and compared bladder conditions, urinary biomarkers, and histopathology among patients of IC/BPS with different BWT.
Methods: A total of 182 patients with cystoscopy-proven IC/BPS underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) before intervention. The BWT on CT was classified as smooth, focal thickness, and diffuse thickness. Clinical symptoms, urodynamic findings, cystoscopic characteristics, presence of Hunner’s lesion, urinary biomarkers, and bladder histopathology were compared among the three subgroups.
Results: Among the patients, 85 had smooth, 64 had focal, and 33 had diffuse BWT. There was a significant trend of patients with focal and diffuse BWT being significantly older with higher symptom scores, smaller bladder capacity, higher grade of glomerulations, and incidence of Hunner’s IC. Pathological findings revealed that patients with diffused BWT, followed by those with focal thickness, had the greatest uroepithelial cell denudation and plasma cell infiltration. Patients with diffuse BWT has higher rate of inflammatory cell infiltration, nerve bundle hyperplasia, and granulation tissue. The urinary levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and oxidative stress biomarkers in IC/BPS patients with different BWT were significantly higher than those in the controls.
Conclusion: BWT in CT scans can reflect chronic inflammation of the bladder wall in patients with IC/BPS, which is clinically relevant for the diagnosis and treatment of IC subtypes.
Dental implant site preparation with conventional rotary drill or piezosurgery: five-year after placement results from a within person randomised controlled trial
Authors: Azaripour Adriano , Farina Vittorio , Esposito Marco , Buti Jacopo , Al-Nawas Bilal , Sagheb Keyvan
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To evaluate whether there are clinical benefits by preparing dental implant sites using piezosurgery instead of conventional rotary drills in healed bone crests and if initial crestal soft tissue thickness could have an impact on marginal bone loss.
Methods: Twenty-five partially edentulous patients requiring two single implants in molar/premolar areas had each site randomly allocated to either piezosurgery or to conventional rotary drill preparation according to a split-mouth design. Definitive screw-retained metal-ceramic crowns were delivered after 6 months. All patients were followed to 5 years after placement. Outcome measures were: implant/crown failures, complications, peri-implant marginal bone level changes, resonance frequency analysis (RFA), and time required come complete site preparation, recorded, when possible, by blinded assessors.
Results:No patients dropped-out and no implant failed. Five years after placement, there were no statistically significant differences for complications (only one complication in the piezo group: difference = 0.04; P = 1), for peri-implant bone loss (difference = -0.11 mm; 95% CI -0.24 to 0.01; P = 0.083), and for RFA changes (6 months) (difference = -0.35; 95% CI -1.95 to 1.25; P = 0.672 between groups. Significantly more time was needed to prepare implant sites with piezosurgery (difference = 236.8 sec; 95% CI -286.12 to -187.48; P <0.0001). Initial soft tissue thickness had no effect on peri-implant bone loss (estimate = 0.05; 95% CI -0.03; 0.12; P = 0.239).
Conclusions: No clinically appreciable differences were noticed when placing implants using piezosurgery or conventional instrumentation with rotary drill, however, the preparation with rotary drills was on average 4 minutes faster. No effect of initial crestal soft tissue thickness was observed on peri-implant bone loss.
Kinematic response of end-bearing pile groups subjected to vertically incident P-waves
Authors: Yue Cheng , Liu Qijian
Published: October 2024

The kinematic response of end-bearing pile groups in an elastic half-space under vertically incident P-waves is investigated in this paper. The soil and the pile groups are considered as continuum elastic elements to formulate the asymmetrical scattered waves resulting from individual piles. General expressions for the vertical scattered displacements in the soil and piles are obtained using the method of separation of variables. Graf's addition theorem is modified to consider the scattered waves resulting from the individual pile pairs in different local polar coordinates. The boundary-valued problems are formulated as an infinite series of linear algebraic systems with unknown coefficients by considering the continuities along the soil-pile interfaces. Truncating numbers are selected to ensure the convergence and accuracy of the proposed method. Parametric studies are conducted to investigate the pile-to-pile interactions under vertically incident P-waves. Numerical results reveal that the pile separations and the pile numbers significantly affect the pile-to-pile interaction of pile groups. Pile group effects are distinct for different pile group arrangements. Dynamic concentrations are observed in the soil layers when the separations and the non-dimensional wavelengths match.
Muscle architecture of the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis in cyclists, runners, triathletes, and physically active individuals
Authors: Lunardi Morgana , Sakugawa Raphael Luiz , Amorim Debora Crispim , Sampaio Lucas Tavares , Diefenthaeler Fernando
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to compare measurements of fascicle length (FL), muscle thickness (MT), and pennation angle (PA) of the vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) muscles of cyclists, runners, triathletes, and physically active individuals (control group). Forty volunteers (10 cyclists, 10 runners, 10 triathletes, and 10 physically active individuals) aged between 18 and 45 years participated in the study. FL, MT, and PA were measured by a B-mode ultrasound system with panoramic imaging. For RF, the variables were analyzed at 50% of its length. For VL, five positions along its length were analyzed (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%), with 0% near the knee and 100% near the hip. FL, MT, and PA data from the RF were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA for comparison between groups, and data from the VL were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA (group vs. position). In case of significant interaction, the variables were compared between groups using Tukey's post-hoc test. All statistical analyses were performed considering p<0.05. No group interaction was observed for all RF variables. No group interactions were observed for all VL variables. However, there is a significant interaction between positions in the VL for MT and PA, with larger measurements observed at 0% and smaller measurements at 100%. We conclude that there are no differences in muscle architecture when comparing cyclists, runners, triathletes, and physically active individuals. However, the groups do show higher MT and PA values in the region near the knee (0%).
Predicting factors associated with under-5 mortality in India using machine learning algorithms: evidence from National Family Health Survey, 2019-21
Authors: Mishra Abhay , Vasishtha Guru , Maiti Suraj
Published: October 2024

Background:
Reducing the under-5 mortality rate is high on the list of priorities in the global development agenda. The SDG targets a reduction in child mortality rate to less than 25 deaths per 1,000 live births annually by 2030. Though enormous gains have been observed for under-five mortality and child health over the past few years, it remains a significant public health challenge for India. Much earlier studies were made on the under-five mortality rates for children. Except in this study, the most widely used approach undertaken so far, to a great extent, relies on conventional regression analyses that are inherently known to have minimal predictive ability. This study attempts to develop a predictive model based on the advanced techniques of machine learning (AML) that could infer a rather accurate prediction for the under-5 mortality rate of India, namely U5MR.
Methods:
This study used the nationally representative microdata from 7 the National Family Health Survey's fifth version (NFHS-5, 2019-21). Multiple imputation methods, such as filling by modal value, were adopted to treat missing values. We used a feature selection method known as information gain, where we ranked the information-rich features and examined their impact on the prediction of child mortality. The synthetic minority over-sampling method (SMOTE) was used to balance the dataset. To predict the determinants affecting U5MR, we used four machine learning (ML) models (decision trees, logistic regression, support vector machines, and K-nearest neighbors). The predictive power of each ML model was assessed using accuracy, precision, receiver operating characteristic curves, and model accuracy metrics (accuracy, precision, F1 score, ROC).
Results:
The descriptive findings demonstrate that India's under-five mortality rates vary significantly by region. The Decision Tree model (96.35%) performed the best out of all the models examined, with the under-five mortality prediction ability ranging from 90% to 96.35%. The best predictive model demonstrates that factors influencing under-five mortality rates in India include duration of breastfeeding status, Marriage to the first birth Interval, education, Birth order, ANC visit, wealth index, place of delivery, and place of residence to estimate under-five mortality risk variables, The Decision Tree machine learning model would engender a greater predictive capability; therefore, it would help in better policy decision-making in this field. Employment of these major elements would greatly enhance a child's chances of survival to be directed by appropriate policies.
Conclusion:
The decision tree model will perform better than traditional logistic regression. Prediction of under-5 mortality rate at the India level revealed a success accuracy of 96.35 percent and precision of about 60 percent.
Utility of maternal A1c measurement in the second trimester for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kahraman Neval Cayonu , Baran Gonca Karatas , Celık Ozge Yucel , Aslanova Sitara , Mehrasa Irem Ozge Uzunoglu , Gurer Dicle Mutel , Caglar Ali Turhan , Ustun Yaprak Engın
Published: October 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of changes in diagnostic processes and criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on adverse obstetric outcomes associated with GDM.
Methods: A total of 3000 pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation were included in the study. Screening for gestational diabetes was performed using hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in 1200 pregnant women who either refused or could not tolerate the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The HbA1c cut-off value for the diagnosis of GDM was set at ≥5.7% in accordance with ameta-analysis by Paula B. Renz et al. A total of 154 pregnant women with HbA1c ≥5.7% were diagnosed with gestational diabetes, and their data were recorded prospectively. These data were compared with obstetric outcomes in 250 pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes by performing a 100-g OGTT after a 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT).
Results: There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of maternal age, gestational age at diagnosis, gravidity, and parity. Body mass index (BMI) was found to be significantly higher in pregnant women with HbA1c levels ≥5.7% (p<0.001). Polyhydramnios was more common in the HbA1c ≥5.7% group and oligohydramnios was more common in the OGTT group (p<0.001). Neonatal hypoglycemia was found to be significantly higher in the OGTT group (p<0.05). The median HbA1c value were different in each group (OGTT group 5.6%, HbA1c group 5.8% ; p< 0.001).
Conclusion: As treatment plays an important role in the management of GDM, it was found that HbA1c levels are not sufficient to detect some obstetric consequences of GDM in the second trimester. It was concluded that evaluations that synchronize HbA1c and OGTT results are necessary for the diagnosis of GDM in the second trimester.
Novel Terpene-Reinforced Photopolymerizable Resins Derived from Methacrylate Salts of Imidazole
Authors: M. S. Lins Ilária , G. Vieira Anderson , P. S. Ribeiro Rubson , K. D. N. Santos Dayane , G. Maciel Larissa , A. Santa-Cruz Petrus , Alves Júnior Severino , V. dos Anjos Janaína
Published: October 2024

This research aims to develop new 3D (three-dimensional) printable resins made from methacrylate salts of imidazole, 2-methyl-imidazole, and 1-methyl-imidazole, with glycerol trimethacrylate serving as a crosslinking agent. With their backbone structure, these resins are easy and rapid to prepare, offering an alternative to conventional ones. Reinforced with terpene-based additives such as α-pinene, (R)-limonene, trans-ethyl cinnamate, and safrole, they present a diverse range of fifteen resin formulations. Each resin underwent printability tests, including printing tests, which revealed accuracy, precision, and dimensional stability compared to a commercial resin and its respective digital 3D models. Mechanical tests further demonstrated that adding alpha-pinene and (R)-limonene enhanced hardness, while safrole had the opposite effect. Resins containing α-pinene and (R)-limonene as additives showcased an elasticity modulus comparable to the commercial resin. According to mechanical tests, a cytocompatibility assay was conducted for the best resin, showing that this resin holds potential for developing drug delivery systems and other biomedical devices.
Multi-objective development of novel egg free cakes using quinoa protein and its quality attributes
Authors: Mohamed Rasha Kamal , Ahmed Zahra Saleh , Abozed Safaa S.
Published: October 2024

This study explores the potential of utilizing quinoa protein as an egg substitute in bakery products for customers with health, culture/religion, or dietary restrictions.
Quinoa protein was prepared from quinoa seed by alkaline solubilization followed by isoelectric precipitation and drying. Four different formulations of egg-free cakes were prepared by incorporating quinoa protein in egg equivalents of 50 g (Formulation 1), 75 g (Formulation 2), 100 g (Formulation 3), and 150 g (Formulation 4). The research involved Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and revealed such functional properties as proximate composition, physical properties, color, texture, microstructure, and sensory characteristics for the batters and the cakes.
The incorporation of different quinoa protein concentrations significantly (p < 0.05) affected all the functional properties of the batters and the cakes. Such variables as crude protein and ash increased while moisture and fat contents decreased. The baking loss went down as the share of quinoa protein went up. The structural analysis showed an increase in gumminess and chewiness accompanied by a decrease in cohesiveness and elasticity. The analysis also revealed hardness and non-uniform changes. The lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) of the cake surface and crumb decreased while the redness (a*) increased.
The cakes prepared according to Formulation 4 with the greatest share of quinoa protein had a high nutritional value with reasonable concentrations of essential amino acids in general and a high level of lysine in particular. The same sample also received the highest score for overall sensory properties. The sensory assessment proved that quinoa protein could meet consumer expectations of egg-free cakes.
Sewer system sampling for wastewater-based disease surveillance: Is the work worth it?
Authors: Düker Urda , Nogueira Regina , Carpio-Vallejo Estefania , Joost Ingeborg , Hüppe Katharina , Suchenwirth Roland , Saathoff Yvonne , Wallner Markus
Published: October 2024

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent sampling is commonly used in wastewater-based disease surveillance to assess the circulation of pathogens in the population aggregated in a catchment area. However, the signal can be lost within the sewer network due to adsorption, degradation, and dilution processes. The present work aimed to investigate the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 concentration in three sub-catchments of the sewer system in the city of Hildesheim, Germany, characterised by different levels of urbanisation and presence/absence of industry, and to evaluate the benefit of sub-catchment sampling compared to WWTP influent sampling. Our study shows that sampling and analysis of virus concentrations in sub-catchments with particular settlement structures allows the identification of high concentrations of the virus at a local level in the wastewater, which are lower in samples collected at the inlet of the treatment plant covering the whole catchment. Higher virus concentrations per inhabitant were found in the sub-catchments in comparison to the inlet of the WWTP. Additionally, sewer sampling provides spatially resolved concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in the catchment area, which is important for detecting local high incidences of COVID-19.
Individual and combined effects of ionophore antibiotics monensin and lasalocid on growth, oxidative stress and antioxidant responses of Microcystis aeruginosa
Authors: Manawadu Behen , Senavirathna Mudalige Don Hiranya Jayasanka , Fujino Takeshi
Published: October 2024

To assess the impact of monensin, lasalocid, and a 1:1 (w/w) mixture of monensin and lasalocid on the formation of Microcystis aeruginosa-based harmful algal blooms (HABs), laboratory experiments were conducted [temperature 20 ± 1°C, illumination PAR 30 ± 4 μmol/m2 ·s (12-h light/dark cycle), growth medium BG-11] at concentrations of 100, 200, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 μg/L. Measurements included optical density, cell protein, chlorophyll ‘a’ (Chl. a) content, oxidative stress, catalase activity (CAT), and guaiacol peroxidase activity (GPX). Monensin treatment showed a dose-dependent positive effect on M. aeruginosa growth at concentrations ≤500 μg/L and a gradual dose-dependent growth inhibition at concentrations of 1,000 and 2,000 μg/L. The results indicated that monensin has a significant positive effect on the formation of HABs by M. aeruginosa. Lasalocid treatment showed a growth reduction of M. aeruginosa at concentrations ≤500 μg/L and a growth increase at higher concentrations (1,000 and 2,000 μg/L). The 1:1 (w/w) mixture test showed an intermediate response, as indicated by the individual treatments signifying the potential interactive effects of these antibiotics on M. aeruginosa. Furthermore, alterations in Chl. ‘a’, oxidative stress, CAT, and GPX measurements provided evidence of the impact of these antibiotics on the existence of M. aeruginosa.
Психолого-педагогическое сопровождение обучающихся, имеющих особые образовательные потребности
Authors: Gubareva Galina Nikolaevna
Published: October 2024

Посвящена инклюзивному образованию как основному направлении в модернизации образования.
FILOSOFIA DA PLURIVERSALIDADE
Authors: Domingos Reginaldo
Published: October 2024

A epistemologia e seus fazeres têm sido, ao longo dos séculos, uma produção e fruto de uma herança europeia e de morte dos outros fazeres epistemológicos. Assim, colocando às margens todas outras formas de produzir conhecimento. Com a filosofia não é diferente, ela tem sido produzida e ensinada, nos espaços acadêmicos brasileiros, reproduzindo uma falsa certeza de que ela é em seu “ser” puramente europeia, sem influências de outros fazeres filosóficos ou pensares reflexivos. Charles Mills (1999), citado por Renato Noguera (2014), observa que a “Filosofia é a mais branca dentre todas as áreas no campo das humanidades”. Portanto, faz-se necessário levantar a discussão sobre esta premissa, necessita-se de outros fazeres epistemológicos, é momento de mudar o discurso, retomar as filosofias historicamente marginalizadas. A cosmovisão africana, seu pensamento sistêmico e organizado, orientador do mundo abstrato e empírico, tem sido ignorado historicamente e colocado no lugar de morte, o epistemicídio tem sido o reservado à Filosofia Africana no mundo ocidental, nas Américas, nas discussões acadêmicas no Brasil. Nesse sentido, por meio de análises teóricas, pretende-se trazer ao baile, do fazer científico-filosófico, parte da Filosofia Africana, sua forma de ser e fazer na compreensão do mundo; como o cosmo se coloca para os seres e como estes têm se relacionado com esse mesmo mundo. A Filosofia Africana tem sido uma forma de compreender e viver no e para o mundo, considerando as relações humanas e essas com os demais entes existentes entre a dimensão material e imaterial.
AFRICANIZAR O CURRÍCULO DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Amaro Viana Cristina
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo trata de uma temática urgente e atual referente à formação docente inicial e continuada, a saber, o cumprimento da Lei 10.639/03, em particular no que diz respeito à disciplina de Filosofia no Ensino Médio. O nosso objetivo é apresentar algumas possibilidades de se inserir conteúdos de história e cultura afro-brasileira e africana nos currículos de Ensino Médio, atendendo a uma vocação genuína da própria Filosofia, que visa analisar e rever parâmetros do comportamento ético, da vida social e política e também da realidade ontológica do ser humano. É assim que, nos baseando nos principais escritos de filósofos afro-diaspóricos e brasileiros, como Aimé Césaire (1913-2008), Kwame Nkrumah (1909-1972), Achille Mbembe (1957- ) e Silvio Almeida (1976- ), propomos três discussões para se trabalhar o tema do racismo nas aulas de Filosofia no Ensino Médio: (a) o colonialismo; (b) a opressão racial e econômica; (c) a lógica racial e o racismo estrutural. Por fim, desembocaremos numa proposta otimista e propositiva para que professoras e professores de Filosofia possam atender à Lei 10.639/03, ainda que reconheçamos que muitos cursos universitários de formação de professores de Filosofia no Brasil ainda estejam longe de oferecer oportunidades para um encontro mais efetivo com a filosofia e cultura africana e afro-diaspórica.
DIÁLOGO FILOSÓFICO AFROREFERENCIADO
Authors: Inocêncio Ferreira Lima Raisa
Published: October 2024

Neste artigo, fomentamos um diálogo entre dois filósofos africanos de relevância em contextos distintos por uma descolonização do pensamento na prática pedagógica. O primeiro, Marcien Towa, desempenhou um papel crucial nas lutas descoloniais dos anos sessenta, sendo criador de concepções como as de "nova orientação filosófica na África" e “autorevolução”. Este será discutido em conjunto com Oyèrónkẹ́ Oyěwùmí, baseando-se no seu livro A Invenção das Mulheres (2021), com foco especial na figura de Ìyá, cujas análises se concentram na crítica da imposição colonial dos gêneros, incluindo a exclusão e dominação do gênero feminino. Oyěwùmí reafirma que desde os papéis público-sociais até as cosmopercepções de Orixás existem tecnologias sociais que ativamente incorporam as ana-fêmeas no debate e nas decisões comuns. A terceira e última parte resulta dessas influências teóricas africanas  na praxis política pedagógica sobre a experiência vivida afrodiaspórica no seminário "Axé: Cura e Defesa da ferida colonial", apresentado na Universidade Gaston Berger em São Luis, Senegal. As partes teóricas e a prática neste seminário têm como objetivo uma abordagem de intervenção pedagógica no espaço público, para que a força vital (Axé) seja considerada um elemento crucial para a tomada de consciência contracolonial. Além disso, ressaltar a influência das filosofias africanas em contextos afrodiaspóricos e afrobrasileiros.
PERMITA QUE EU FALE NÃO ÀS MINHAS CICATRIZES O GRITO DECOLONIAL UBUNTU DO EMICIDA
Authors: Dos Santos Pedreira Moreira Jailma , Brito Leite Nádja Nayra
Published: October 2024

As marcas da colonização e da escravização estão presentes na história do Brasil e nas subjetividades, contudo essas mazelas não definem identidades. Este é o grito/alerta que Emicida traz na canção AmarElo (2019). O presente artigo se propõe a analisar o trabalho musical sob a perspectiva do pensamento decolonial e da crítica cultural-social, observando de que forma o compositor constrói a interseccionalidade na obra e qual a significância dos sujeitos convidados para a pluridiversidade musical.
Prospects for the economy and foreign trade of Ethiopia: fore cast estimates based on mathematical modeling
Authors: Petrov E. S. , Nikolaeva E. A.
Published: October 2024

The article presents a forecast assessment of the development of the national economy and foreign trade of Ethiopia until 2030, calculated by the authors on the basis of a mathematical and systematic analysis of macroeconomic processes and methods of modeling these processes usingthe Box-Jenkins model (ARIMA). Estimation method: the exact maximum likelihood method. The topic seems relevant due to Ethiopia's accession to the BRICS alliance from 2024. Therefore, it is important to predict possible trends in Ethiopia's economic and foreign trade development, their significance for the country itself, as well as their impact on the economic dynamics of other BRICS countries and the association as a whole. The study is updated taking into account the continued increase in global volatility and the emergence of new threats, including in Africa. The subject is trends in the economic development of Ethiopia as a member of the BRICS. The purpose of the article is to develop a scientifically based forecast of the development of the economy and foreign trade of Ethiopia in the medium term. The article identifies potential threats to the development of the Ethiopian economy. The statistical basis of the study was mainly data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). The results of the study can be used to understand the trends of socio-economic and foreign trade development of the country, adjust this development, as well as expand and enrich the theoretical concepts of the world economy. The research and author's calculations are based solely on the current circumstances and current realities, without taking into account any fundamental changes in the politics and economy of the country under study. The author's calculations and conclusions can be useful to economists, entrepreneurs, and researchers as a basis for their further practical and scientific activities.
Assessing the evolution and perspectives of developing the russian export in current terms: adoption of the 4P model
Authors: Andreeva E. L. , Ratner A. V. , Tarasov A. G. , Karkh D. A.
Published: October 2024

The study’s relevance is caused due to the Russian export experiences, which acts as a research subject. Goal is to reveal current peculiarities of Russian export. As methodical tool the model of marketing mix was applied, which includes product, price, place, promotion. The analysis has shown: the Russian economy, to promote its export in new terms, uses marketing with new characteristics. The bigger are become the share in it of agricultural and metallurgical products, the share of developing countries among buyers. Promoting the export is provided including through the free trade zones of the Eurasian economic union with the third countries, common trade and cooperation areas with them. State support for import substitution assists to create the production able to export. Scientific contribution of the research results consists in that they expand application of micro-economic marketing mix model on export of national economy as a whole. The results received make possible to study in complex and simultaneously in detail the strengths and weaknesses of export, including the volume and structure of export, price dynamics, currency and financial, transport, trade and diplomatic peculiarities of sale.
Unraveling the Core Components and Critical Targets of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. in Treating Non-small Cell Lung Cancer through Network Pharmacology and Multi-omics Analysis
Authors: Yang Jinyan , Li Yang , Zhang Yan , Xu Ling , Wang Jiahui , Xing Feng , Song Xinqiang
Published: October 2024

Objective:

This study aimed to preliminary explore the molecular mechanisms of Houttuynia cordata
Thunb. (H. cordata; Saururaceae) in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with the goal of
screening drug potential targets for clinical drug development.

Methods:

This study employed a multi-omics and multi-source data integration approach to identify potential
therapeutic targets of H. cordata against NSCLC from the TCMSP database, GEO database, BioGPS database,
Metascape database, and others. Meanwhile, target localization was performed, and its possible mechanisms
of action were predicted. Furthermore, dynamics simulations and molecular docking were used for verification.
Multi-omics analysis was used to confirm the selected key genes' efficacy in treating NSCLC.

Results:

A total of 31 potential therapeutic targets, 8 key genes, and 5 core components of H. cordata against
NSCLC were screened out. These potential therapeutic targets played a therapeutic role mainly by regulating
lipid and atherosclerosis, the TNF signaling pathway, the IL-17 signaling pathway, and others. Molecular
docking indicated a stable combination between MMP9 and quercetin. Finally, through multi-omics analysis,
it was found that the expression of some key genes was closely related not only to the progression and prognosis
of NSCLC but also to the level of immune infiltration.

Conclusion:

Through comprehensive network pharmacology and multi-omics analysis, this study predicts
that the core components of H. cordata play a role in treating NSCLC by regulating lipid and atherosclerosis,
as well as the TNF signaling pathway. Among them, the anti-NSCLC activity of isoramanone is reported for
the first time.