bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cesarean section and the gestational duration of subsequent pregnancies: A nationwide register-based cohort study
Authors: Evers Felix , Flatley Christopher , Ytterberg Karin , Juodakis Julius , Solé-Navais Pol , Jacobsson Bo
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Preterm delivery risk is increased for women with a previous cesarean section, which are becoming more common worldwide. However, this risk is based on studies which have not fully accounted for selection bias, and the studied outcomes have been limited to the study of early deliveries. This study aimed to determine the impact of previous delivery modes on the incidence of deviant duration of subsequent pregnancies.

Material and methods

This retrospective cohort study used clinical data registered in the Swedish Medical Birth Register. 612 935 women with their first two pregnancies and 157 581 women with their first three pregnancies were included. The outcome was the gestational duration of the last pregnancy of the series, depending on previous delivery modes. The associations were analysed with multivariable logistic regression (with the gestational duration categorised) and survival models including Cox regression analyses.

Results

When using standard logistic regression, previous cesarean section was associated with an increased risk of both spontaneous preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.67, 95% CI 1.57–1.77) and postterm birth (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.49–1.62). However, the more appropriate survival models only showed an association between cesarean section and longer gestational duration of the subsequent pregnancy (adjusted hazard ratio 0.72, 95% CI 0.71–0.73).

Conclusions

The survival model handles bias related to management differences between the exposure and reference groups better than standard logistic regression, making it the statistical method of choice when conducting studies on this research topic. This study shows that the main association between cesarean section and the gestational duration of the subsequent pregnancy is the prolonging of it, which stands in contrast with previous research on the topic.
Enhanced crayfish optimization algorithm: Orthogonal refracted opposition-based learning for robotic arm trajectory planning
Authors: Leng Yuefeng , Cui Chunlai , Jiang Zhichao
Published: February 2025

In high-dimensional scenarios, trajectory planning is a challenging and computationally complex optimization task that requires finding the optimal trajectory within a complex domain. Metaheuristic (MH) algorithms provide a practical approach to solving this problem. The Crayfish Optimization Algorithm (COA) is an MH algorithm inspired by the biological behavior of crayfish. However, COA has limitations, including insufficient global search capability and a tendency to converge to local optima. To address these challenges, an Enhanced Crayfish Optimization Algorithm (ECOA) is proposed for robotic arm trajectory planning. The proposed ECOA incorporates multiple novel strategies, including using a tent chaotic map for population initialization to enhance diversity and replacing the traditional step size adjustment with a nonlinear perturbation factor to improve global search capability. Furthermore, an orthogonal refracted opposition-based learning strategy enhances solution quality and search efficiency by leveraging the dominant dimensional information. Additionally, performance comparisons with eight advanced algorithms on the CEC2017 test set (30-dimensional, 50-dimensional, 100-dimensional) are conducted, and the ECOA’s effectiveness is validated through Wilcoxon rank-sum and Friedman mean rank tests. In practical robotic arm trajectory planning experiments, ECOA demonstrated superior performance, reducing costs by 15% compared to the best competing algorithm and 10% over the original COA, with significantly lower variability. This demonstrates improved solution quality, robustness, and convergence stability. The study successfully introduces novel population initialization and search strategies for improvement, as well as practical verification in solving the robotic arm path problem. The results confirm the potential of ECOA to address optimization challenges in various engineering applications.
Cross-ViT based benign and malignant classification of pulmonary nodules
Authors: Zhu Qinfang , Fei Liangyan
Published: February 2025

The benign and malignant discrimination of pulmonary nodules plays a very important role in diagnosing the extent of lung cancer lesions. There are many methods using Convolutional neural network (CNN) for benign and malignant classification of pulmonary nodules, but traditional CNN models focus more on the local features of pulmonary nodules and lack the extraction of global features of pulmonary nodules. To solve this problem, a Cross fusion attention ViT (Cross-ViT) network that fuses local features extracted by CNN and global features extracted by Transformer is proposed. The network first extracts different features independently through two branches and then performs feature fusion through the Cross fusion attention module. Cross-ViT can effectively capture and process both local and global information of lung nodules, which improves the accuracy of classifying the benign and malignant nature of pulmonary nodules. Experimental validation was performed on the LUNA16 dataset, and the accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score reached 91.04%, 91.42%, 92.45% and 91.92%, respectively, and the accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score with SENet as CNN branch reached 92.43%, 94.27%, 91.68% and 92.96%, respectively. The results show that the accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score of the proposed method are 0.3%, 0.11%, 4.52% and 3.03% higher than those of the average optimal method, respectively, and the performance of Cross-ViT network for benign and malignant classification is better than most classification methods.
Visual merchandising in fashion retail: The diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) perspective
Authors: Sung Jihyun , Yan Ruoh-Nan , Kissell Kevin
Published: February 2025

Diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) has been at the forefront of many disciplines in recent years. Utilizing three different aspects of visual merchandising in the context of fashion retail, this study investigates the effects of (1) colours of mannequins, (2) sizes of mannequins and (3) the presence of a rainbow flag as signage in a physical store on consumers’ feelings towards the store and related clothing styles, in addition to their perceptions of the store’s commitment to DEI. Using an online survey, data were collected from a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experimental design with 382 responses. Findings suggest that mannequin sizes influenced the participants’ overall feelings towards a store, in addition to mixed interaction effects among mannequin sizes, colours and/or use of a rainbow flag. Discussion and implications are provided.
Contemporary queer fashion media as personal liberations: Qwear, digital media and twenty-first-century queer fashion shows
Authors: Reddy-Best Kelly L. , Romans Megan
Published: February 2025

In the twenty-first century, the emergence of numerous fashion brands catering to queer and trans communities has been accompanied by the establishment of notable queer-focused fashion media platforms. Noteworthy among these are DapperQ and Qwear, which specialize in exploring the intersections of fashion, style and the experiences of queer and trans individuals. This study delves into the history and intricacies of Qwear, one of these contemporary, groundbreaking queer media outlets. By examining this outlet, we aim to unravel the multifaceted layers that distinguish them as influential conveyors of queer and trans sensibilities. To achieve our purpose, we employed a historical research method, incorporating the analysis of primary sources and oral history. Overall, Qwear has become more than just outlets for style, that is, they stand as pillars of empowerment, offering safer havens for individuals to explore, celebrate and redefine their relationship with fashion. Sonny Oram’s founding journey of Qwear, rooted in personal healing through clothing, underscores the transformative power of fashion as a tool for self-discovery, activism and solidarity within the queer and trans communities.
Esclarecimiento de Heráldica Eclesiástica y nombre completo del Cardenal Belluga y Moncada y del escudo radicado en la antigua casa de administración de sus Pías Fundaciones en Dolores (Alicante)
Authors: Larrosa Gil Francisco Domingo
Published: February 2025

La temática del presente trabajo ha dado en estructurarse en dos partes, siendo en la primera, en la que se abordará el esclarecimiento y composición heráldica del escudo de armas eclesiásticas utilizado por el popularmente conocido como Cardenal Belluga y Moncada, durante toda su vida prelaticia y hasta el final de sus días (momento éste último en el que fueron utilizadas para identificar su propia tumba en Roma); y, también se procederá a despejar la posible duda, quizás existente para algunos, en relación con la correcta formación del nombre y apellidos completos de su Eminencia Reverendísima. A este respecto, las dilucidaciones realizadas con el firme propósito de concluir con la aclaración de ambos asuntos objeto de investigación, han pivotado en torno al estudio llevado a cabo principalmente por medio del análisis de diferentes documentos gráficos (imágenes de grabados, textos manuscritos, etc.), actividad que ha facilitado la labor explicativa y conformadora del aval irrefutable de las manifestaciones vertidas. En la segunda parte, será tratado el singular estudio llevado a cabo por medio del que se estima viene a procurar la conclusión de una incógnita de la Historia local, que ha producido el esclarecimiento de un escudo respecto del que las armas heráldicas que éste debió soportar, hasta hoy, se nos presentaban como un enigma, y sobre el que se ha tenido conocimiento de que existió ubicado en la fachada principal del antiguo edificio conocido como Casa de Administración de Pías Fundaciones del Cardenal Belluga y Moncada, lamentablemente desaparecida tras casi 300 años de existencia durante la década de los años 60 del siglo XX. Dicha Casa se encontraba localizada en la Villa de Nuestra Señora de los Dolores (denominación original que en otro lugar tiempo atrás se solicitó fuese rehabilitada y que aquí se reitera vivamente), hoy conocida simplemente por Dolores, en la provincia de Alicante, cuyo capital principal con el que se pretendió su iniciación lo ha constituido la inquietud por lo propio, y su desenlace, entre otros, vino producido por el hallazgo llevado a cabo en el Archivo Histórico Municipal del Ayuntamiento de Alicante de una fotografía realizada en el año 1947 al monolito con busto del Cardenal Belluga y Moncada (sito en plaza homónima), en la que con gran nitidez se pueden observar para su examen las armas heráldicas que motivan este trabajo.
Reseña del libro: Lea Ypi (2023), Libre: el desafío de crecer en el fin de la historia
Authors: Rius Buitrago Alicia
Published: February 2025

Lea Ypi: Libre. El desafío de crecer en el fin de la historia, Anagrama, 2023, 328 p., ISBN 978-84-339-0496-6.
Aproximación a los impactos del cambio climático: análisis de la situación actual de Almansa (Albacete)
Authors: López González Raúl
Published: February 2025

En el presente trabajo se ofrece una aproximación a los efectos del cambio climático en Almansa. Esta se realiza contando con diferentes aspectos, entre los que destacan una serie de objetivos que se desarrollan a lo largo de todo el documento así como otros conceptos relacionados con el cambio climático. Asimismo, se consideran elementos importantes como la legislación vigente aplicada a diferentes escalas (europea, nacional, regional y local) y sus propuestas de adaptación y mitigación frente a los impactos del cambio climático. Todo ello se explica teniendo en cuenta el clima local de Almansa y su evolución, además de las zonas verdes que presenta. Finalmente, se muestra cuál es la situación actual de la localidad albaceteña en términos de infraestructura verde y la posible concreción de algunas de las medidas indicadas en los documentos estratégicos y legislativos de escalas superiores.
Visszatekintés: Feminista irodalmi perspektívák egykor – és most?
Authors: Horváth Györgyi
Published: February 2025

A tanulmány a szerző 2023-as Kaffka Margit-díjának átvétele alkalmából írott visszatekintés a feminista irodalomtudomány 2014-et megelőző hazai helyzetére, valamint ezen helyzet összevetése a jelenlegivel. Azt vizsgálja mi változott a 20-21. század fordulóján a magyar irodalmi szövegekkel való foglalkozás meghatározó módjaiban, illetve a kortárs magyar irodalmi közegben a feminista projektekhez és perspektívákhoz való viszonyulásban a kilencvenes évek óta, azon belül is elsősorban azon a területen, amelyet a legutóbbi időkig az ún. antipolitikai diszkurzus dominált. A 2014-et megelőző és a jelenlegi állapotok különbségeit három szempont szerint vizsgálja. (1) Az ún. antipolitikai diszkurzus meghatározó szerepe a magyar irodalomtudományban; ezen diszkurzus előfeltevéseinek szerepe, a feminista szakmai megszólalásokban. (2) A két korszakban rendelkezésre álló közéleti feminizmus-konstrukciók különbsége, és azok funkciója a korabeli irodalomértelmezői munkákban. (3) A feminista és női szerzőknek a fontos irodalmi és irodalomtudományos fórumokra való bejutásának lehetősége a korábbi ún. „folyóirat-alapú” magyar irodalmi kultúrában, illetve a jelent meghatározó, ún. online figyelemgazdaságban.
Az egyiptomi muszlim nők oktatásának problémája a 19-20. század fordulóján
Authors: Chelloul Aya
Published: February 2025

Qasim Amin (1863-1908) a modern Egyiptom történetének egyik legvitatottabb gondolkodója. A Nahda gondolkodók második generációjához tartozik, akik számára a hagyomány és a modernitás viszonya komplex kérdéseket vetett fel. A modernitás kihívásaival szembesülve a hitelesség keresése érdekében újravizsgálják a múltat. Az 1899-ben megjelent The Liberation of Women (A nők felszabadítása) és az 1900-ban publikált The New Woman (Az új nő) című két könyvében a nők lehetséges szerepét gondolja át a formálódó egyiptomi nemzetben, egy olyan társadalomban, amely független nemzetként készül belépni a modernizmus kapitalista világrendszerbe. Racionális, távolságtartó perspektívát használ az egyiptomi nők viselkedésének elemzésére, hogy újradefiniálja a közösségen belüli társadalmi létüket, ami azzal is jár, hogy korábbi szerepüket negatívan láttatja, értéktelennek és aljasnak konstruálja az ’egyiptomi nőt’. Ezzel párhuzamosan a nőiség nyugati normáit nemcsak kívánatosnak, hanem a nemzeti fejlődés legbiztosabb és egyetlen útjának állítja be. Az újjáalakulás elérésének Oasim által elgondolt eszköze az oktatás, amely az ő megfogalmazásában egy sajátos „nemesítési” folyamatot ír elő, ami olyan „művelt” egyiptomi nőt hozna létre, aki értékeiben közelebb állna az ’egyiptomi férfi’-hez. Quasim, elképzelése szerint, így végső soron a korabeli nyugati társadalommal egyenrangú nemzet jöhetne létre.
Large Single Center Comparison Of Novel and Reusable Duodenoscopes Show Similar Contamination Rates That Do Not Correlate With Clinical Infection
Authors: Muralidharan Sriya , Chalikonda Divya , Kim Grace , Breese Miles , Andrade Marilu , Montminy Eric , Chen Dennis , Siddiqui Uzma
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

There are limited data comparing the contamination rates of reusable and novel duodenoscopes with disposable components. The clinical implications of novel duodenoscope bacterial contamination are also unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of pathogenic bacterial contamination of novel and reusable duodenoscopes and assess the clinical implications for patients exposed to contaminated duodenoscopes.

Methods:

We conducted an observational study of the bacterial contamination of reusable duodenoscopes and novel duodenoscopes with disposable caps (which do not have disposable elevators). Following identification of positive cultures from duodenoscopes, corresponding patient charts were reviewed for blood culture data or evidence of sepsis by quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria.

Results:

The contamination rate of reusable duodenoscopes was 0.80% (95% CI -0.05, 1.65%). The contamination rate of novel duodenoscopes was 0.0%.The contamination rates were not significantly different (p = 0.141). In reusable duodenoscopes, > 1 colony-forming unit (CFU) of gram-negative rods was identified in 4 positive cultures. None of the patients exposed to a positive culture had an existing infection nor developed bacteremia or sepsis after ERCP.

Discussion:

Our data suggest bacterial contamination rates of novel duodenoscopes with disposable caps and reusable duodenoscopes are similar. The low contamination rates in this study support consistent high-level disinfection practices regardless of duodenoscope generation.
Management Considerations in a Patient With a Germline CDH1 Pathogenic Variant and a History of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Naseem Zehra , Mejia-Perez Lady Katherine , Friedman Kenneth , LaGuardia Lisa , Walsh R. Matthew , Burke Carol A.
Published: February 2025

Individuals with a germline pathogenic variant in the CDH1 gene have a lifetime risk of advanced diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) of up to 10.3% and a 37%–52% risk of breast cancer, specifically the lobular subtype. Guidelines recommend prophylactic gastrectomy between ages 18-40 years for those with a family history of DGC. For patients declining surgery or lacking a family history of DGC, annual endoscopic surveillance according to recommended protocols is an alternative. This case reviews the management of a patient with a history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass followed one year later by a diagnosis of lobular breast cancer due to a germline CDH1 pathogenic variant.
A Rare Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Presenting as Cervical Lymph Node Metastases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Tkachuk Bryce , Stukalin Igor , Wang Yinong , Congly Stephen E.
Published: February 2025

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Common sites of metastases include the lungs, regional lymph nodes, bone, and adrenal glands. Although rare, distant metastases to the cervical lymph nodes have been reported. With better therapies for viral hepatitis, there has been a shift in the landscape of chronic liver disease and the development of HCC with rising prevalence of HCC attributable to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. In this study, we describe a case of metastatic HCC presenting as cervical lymphadenopathy in a patient with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in the absence of cirrhosis.
Perlindungan Hukum Pasien dalam Layanan Kesehatan Tradisional Empiris di Indonesia
Authors: Budiyanti Rani Tiyas , Herlambang Penggalih Mahardika
Published: February 2025

Layanan kesehatan tradisional empiris baik keterampilan maupun ramuan mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan di Indonesia. Regulasi mengenai layanan tersebut telah diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 61 tahun 2016 tentang Pelayanan Kesehatan Tradisional Empiris. Dalam implementasinya, terdapat berbagai permasalahan yang terjadi, di antaranya adalah terdapat penyehat tradisional yang tidak memiliki izin praktik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan perlindungan hukum pasien dalam layanan kesehatan tradisional empiris di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach). Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa sarana perlindungan hukum pasien terkait penyelenggaraan layanan kesehatan tradisional di Indonesia baik secara preventif maupun represif tidak terimplementasikan dengan baik. Terdapat penyehat tradisional yang tidak berizin, mengiklankan praktik pelayanannya dan menjanjikan hasil pengobatan. Selain itu, terdapat kekosongan regulasi terkait sanksi pelanggaran perizinan maupun penyelenggaraan, serta publikasi layanan. Oleh karena itu, Dinas Kesehatan diharapkan dapat memberikan sosialisasi kepada penyehat tradisional terkait kewajiban perizinan dan standarisasi keamanan layanan kesehatan tradisional empiris. Selain itu, diperlukan pengembangan regulasi terkait sanksi pelanggaran perizinan dan penyelenggaraan layanan, edukasi kepada masyarakat terkait pemilahan layanan kesehatan tradisional empiris yang aman, serta pembinaan dan pengawasan praktik layanan kesehatan tradisional empiris secara berkala.
Indonesia Court Performance in Fulfillment the Substantive Justice to the Victims of Human Trafficking Crimes
Authors: Dewantoro Dewantoro
Published: February 2025

Indonesia is in a state of emergency for the crime of trafficking in persons. The need for employment has caused many Indonesian workers to become victims of human trafficking. The crime of trafficking in persons is a violation of human rights to human freedom to work according to one's own will and not be forced and tortured in doing work. The district court as the executor of judicial power in the field of general crimes plays a role in enforcing the law and providing justice, one of which is by imposing restitution decisions for victims of human crimes. The technical rules for implementing restitution are important so that substantive justice for victims of trafficking in persons can be recovered materially.
Konvergensi Konsep Retribusi Dan Rehabilitasi Dalam Filsafat Hukum Pidana Kontemporer Indonesia
Authors: Hikmah Faidatul , Agustian Rio Armanda
Published: February 2025

Abstract This research elaborates on the convergence between retribution and rehabilitation in Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the New Indonesian Penal Code, which transforms the paradigm of criminal law in a holistic and integrative manner. The method used is juridical-philosophical, employing legislative and conceptual approaches to identify the transition process of the punishment concept in Indonesian criminal law. The research results indicate that the concept of retribution has evolved from the tradition of Continental European law to the post-colonial era in Indonesia. The retributive values of the Old Penal Code are no longer relevant to the cultural context of the Indonesian nation. The update of the Penal Code introduces rehabilitative values in a convergence, merging with the pre-existing retributive values to create an eclectic and ideal legal formulation. This aligns with the idea of balancing the values of Pancasila, which seeks proportional implementation between retributive and rehabilitative concepts in achieving substantive justice in Indonesia. Keywords: Retributive; Rehabilitative; Contemporary CriminalAbstrak Penelitian ini mengelaborasi konvergensi antara retribusi dan rehabilitasi dalam UU No. 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP Baru Indonesia yang mentransformasikan paradigma hukum pidana secara holistik dan integratif. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis filosofis dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual untuk menemukan proses transisi konsep pemidanaan dalam hukum pidana di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsep retribusi telah berkembang dari tradisi hukum Eropa Kontinental hingga pasca kolonialisme di Indonesia. Nilai-nilai retributif dari KUHP Lama tidak lagi relevasi dengan konteks kultural bangsa Indonesia.  Pembaruan KUHP mengintroduksi nilai-nilai rehabilitatif dalam sebuah konvergen, penggabungan dengan nilai-nilai retributif yang sudah ada sebelumnya untuk menghasilkan formulasi hukum yang eklektis dan ideal. Hal ini selaras dengan ide keseimbangan nilai Pancasila yang menghendaki implementasi proporsional antara konsep retributif dengan rehabilitatif dalam menciptakan keadilan yang substansial di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Retributif; Rehabilitatif; Pidana Kontemporer
ANALISIS INVESTASI TIDAK LANGSUNG SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF DALAM MENGHADAPI VOLATILITAS PASAR SAHAM
Authors: Basyiran Chaidir
Published: February 2025

Investasi merupakan salah satu instrumen ekonomi yang akhir-akhir ini semakin banyak diperbincangkan. Hal ini karena berinvestasi dianggap dapat memberikan passive income sehingga menarik minat orang dari berbagai golongan. Ada beragam jenis investasi yang dapat dipilih, namun hal tersebut harus dipertimbangkan dengan risiko dari setiap pilihan investasi. Investasi tidak langsung merupakan salah satu pilihan investasi cukup banyak diminati masyarakat karena dapat terlibat dalam suatu investasi berskala besar dengan modal yang relatif lebih rendah dan tidak perlu terlibat langsung dalam mengelola usaha/perusahaan tempat berinvestasi. Tulisan ini membahas Bagai mana investasi tidak langsung dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif dalam menghadapi volatilitas saham. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan (library research).
The use of discourse markers in conversation: The case of “myślę” – “I think” in Polish Career Clean Coaching
Authors: Juszczyk Konrad , Konat Barbara
Published: February 2025

People find it difficult to talk about abstract concepts such as their future career plans. The discourse marker “I think” is used to express uncertainty and soften the force of a proposition. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how specific context and bounded topic of conversation influence the use of the discourse marker “I think” in Polish (myślę) as a structuring discourse marker. A total of 23 participants were recorded during Career Clean Coaching sessions and the usage of “I think” in the resulting corpus was compared to other Polish conversational corpora. The qualitative study of the semantics of “I think” indicates that this discourse marker serves a hedging function. The quantitative analysis of the frequency of the discourse marker “I think” in Polish conversational corpora and in the Career Clean Coaching corpus reveals significant differences. The results indicate that pragmatic factors, namely the topic, context and protocol of the conversation, exert a strong influence on the usage of “I think”.
Patience Epps and Lev Michael (eds.). 2023. Amazonian languages; Language isolates I: Aikanã to Kandozi-Chapra (pp. i-lxi, 1-657 + “Index” [24 pp. not numbered]); II: Kanoé to Yurakaré (pp. i-xiii, 659-1352 + “Index” [26 pp. not numbered]); An international handbook (Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science // Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (HSK) series, vols. 44.1-2 of HSK 44). Berlin–Boston: De Gruyter Mouton
Authors: Majewicz Alfred F.
Published: February 2025

Review
Regulatory Contestability and Cost Pass-Through
Authors: Weisman Dennis L.
Published: February 2025

Regulatory contestability posits that the threat of economic regulation disciplines pricing even in the absence of explicit regulatory mechanisms (e.g., cost-of-service regulation or price cap regulation). Formal modeling and numerical simulations reveal how regulatory contestability interacts with cost-reducing effort to limit the pass-through of costs. This may suggest that under certain conditions regulatory contestability can substitute for explicit regulatory mechanisms and potentially reduce the cost of regulation.
The condition number associated with ideal lattices from odd prime degree cyclic number fields
Authors: de Araujo Robson Ricardo
Published: February 2025

The condition number of a generator matrix of an ideal lattice derived from the ring of integers of an algebraic number field is an important quantity associated with the equivalence between two computational problems in lattice-based cryptography, the “Ring Learning With Errors (RLWE)” and the “Polynomial Learning With Errors (PLWE)”. In this work, we compute the condition number of a generator matrix of the ideal lattice from the whole ring of integers of any odd prime degree cyclic number field using canonical embedding.
Situating speakers in change: a methodology for quantifying degree and direction of change over the lifespan
Authors: Sheard Elena
Published: February 2025

Observations of late adopters catching up with early adopters of language change in a community indicate a potential connection between an individual’s earlier linguistic behaviour and their real-time response to language change. This article provides a means of empirically testing whether such a connection exists, for a given change, by introducing a methodology for obtaining measurements of individuals’ position relative to the change at an earlier time point (a “Cohort Index”) and the direction and extent to which they change over time (a “Difference Index”). Trend and panel data from Australians of Greek and Italian background is used to illustrate both indices for F1 and F2 measurements of fleece, a vowel that has undergone change in Australian English in recent decades. Individuals’ positions in the change for fleece as teenagers are revealed to significantly correlate with the direction and extent to which they have moved in the vowel space over a forty-year period. Specifically, speakers who were originally behind in the change for their generational and ethnic cohort have moved in the direction of change over time more than those who were already ahead. The analysis therefore lays the foundation for the Cohort and Difference Indices to be applied elsewhere.
First record of Andersen’s leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros gentilis, and hairy-faced myotis, Myotis annectans from Bangladesh
Authors: Aziz Mohammad A. , Marma Aung S. N.
Published: February 2025

We report the first country record of Andersen’s leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros gentilis, and hairy-faced myotis, Myotis annectans from a gorge in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. Additionally, a large colony of dawn bat, Eonycteris spelaea, and grand leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros grandis was found in the gorge which are the second country records. We provided specimen-based evidence by evaluating external and craniodental measurements of recorded bats supplemented with salient morphological features. This study enhances the number of national bat fauna and highlights the importance of continued bat surveys in Bangladesh.
Halogen bonds versus hydrogen bonds in the crystal packing formation of halogen substituted anilines
Authors: Konovalova Irina S. , Reiss Guido J.
Published: February 2025

The regularities of crystal structure organization were studied in a series of para- and ortho-halogenanilines using an approach based on comparison of interaction energies between molecules calculated by an ab initio method. The halogen substituent position in anilines significantly affects intermolecular interactions, differing between para- and ortho-halogen anilines. In para-halogen anilines, the amino group mainly acts as a hydrogen-bond donor, with no significant halogen bonds and weak stacking interactions. In ortho-halogen anilines, the amino group functions as both donor and acceptor, with stronger hydrogen and halogen bonding. Crystal packing analysis shows columnar organization across samples, with zig-zag columns in para-substituted anilines and triple columns in ortho-substituted ones. Overall, halogen bonds play a minor role, mainly connecting neighboring columns.
Seowon Collections of books as the Fountainhead of Knowledge and Culture : Collection and Utilization of Seowon Book Collections
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Park So Hee
Published: February 2025

During the Joseon Dynasty, Seowon secured their collections through various methods such as donations, book granted by the King, purchases, and publications, thus serving as regional hub libraries. In the case of Namgye Seowon, members of the local Confucian scholars from Hamyang, or members of the Na mmyeong School, dona ted books from the ea rly sta ges of the Seowon's establishment. Most of these books comprised Confucian classics and Neo-Confucian texts, with some anthologies and historical works by Chinese scholars also being donated. The high proportion of Confucian classics is attributed to their use as teaching materials in Seowon education, while the significant presence of Neo-Confucian texts reflects the contemporary scholars' interest in Neo-Confucianism during that period.
After receiving the royal plaque, Namgye Seowon was granted Confucian classics by the king and acquired many newly published books from the royal court, accumulating around a thousand volumes. However, most of these books were lost during the Japanese invasion of 1597 (Jeongyu Jae-ran). Subsequently, the Seowon reassembled its collection through donations, publications, and purchases. Notably, during the period of the Nammyeong Shrine Movement, the Seowon purchased Nammyeongjip, highlighting its scholarly affiliation with the Nammyeong School.
Meanwhile, as Seowon fulfilled the role of a regional library, a variety of people borrowed books from its collections. It is commonly thought that only Seowon officials or students borrowed books, but the example of Dodong Seowon reveals that many borrowers were non-students as well. However, these individuals often belonged to influential local families and had some connections with Seowon officials. The borrowing period varied widely ; some borrowed books for over a year, and many did not return them at all. To prevent the loss of books, Seowon kept records such as the Seochek Chulnap Chibu (Records of Book Loans and Returns) to manage their inventory. By reading Seowon’s books and diligently studying, these individuals often passed the civil service exams, served as Seowon officials, or hyanggyo Doyusa in local Confucian schools, thereby leading local society.
Classification and Significance of the Rock Inscriptions in Hwasan-dong, Cheongdo
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Lee Sang-dong
Published: February 2025

The etymology of Cheongdo originates from the phrase “mountains and streams are clear and beautiful, and the great roads connect in all directions”(⼭川淸麗 大道四通). The rock inscriptions located at San 68-32, Dongcheon-ri, Hwayang-eup, Cheongdo-gun, epitomize this essence, reflecting the pristine and beautiful natural scenery that defines Cheongdo.
The timing, circumstances and writers of the production of rock inscriptions can be found through Jeong Ha-eon(鄭夏彦, 1702~1769)'s inscription on Okjeongam(玉井巖) in Hwasan-dong, remarks left by Lee Kwan-yong(李觀瑢), who engraved the text on the Chuam in 1838, and Kwon Sang-gyu(權相奎, 1829~1894)'s ｢Yuokjeongdonggi(遊玉井洞記)｣
The naming of the twelve spots－Hwasandongmun (華⼭洞門), Baekseoknae (白石瀨), Jilyangseok (叱羊石), Jasiyuinbulsangnae (自是遊人不上來), Ungumcheon (雲錦川), Manokdae (萬玉臺), Yeonjudan (聯珠湍), Yuhadam (流霞潭), Ilgamdang (⼀鑑塘), Yonghang (⿓吭), Okjeongam (玉井巖), Nakanbong (落雁峯)－was named by Lee Hyeop (李埉), the calligraphy was written by Jeong Ha-eon (鄭夏彦), and they were engraved in 1742.
Through their efforts, a new scenic spot called Okjeongam (玉井巖) was formed in Hwasan-dong in the 18th century. In the 19th century, literati from Cheongdo held poetry gatherings in this area, establishing it as a space for cultural exchange and refined enjoyment.
The total of 32 rock inscriptions carved on the rocks and cliffs of Hwasan-dong can be classified into three groups: 12 inscriptions by Lee Hyeop and Jeong Ha-eon centered around Okjeongam, 15 inscriptions by Cheongdo literati centered around Chuiam and Sansujeong, and 5 inscriptions whose authors have not been identified.
The philosophy revealed in the rock inscriptions shows a mixture of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism, emphasizing the aspiration toward the realm of immortals (仙界) through the transcendence of the mundane world.
Direct observation of Arctic Sea salt aerosol production from blowing snow and modeling over a changing sea ice environment
Authors: Ranjithkumar Ananth , Duncan Eliza , Yang Xin , Partridge Daniel G. , Lachlan-Cope Thomas , Gong Xianda , Nishimura Kouichi , Frey Markus M.
Published: February 2025

In the polar regions, there is significant model bias in the number concentrations and seasonality of sea salt aerosol (SSA) due to the lack of understanding of aerosol sources associated with sea ice, which is hampering accurate climate forecasts at high latitudes. Recently, SSA originating from the sublimation of blowing snow has been directly observed to be an important source of aerosol particles in the Antarctic during winter/spring, validating a mechanism proposed a decade ago. Here, we report in situ observations of coarse aerosol production (particle diameter 0.5–20.0 µm) dominated by sea salt from blowing snow above sea ice during winter/spring in the Central Arctic during the MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. Blowing snow conditions occurred 20–40% of the time during each of the months from December 2019 to April 2020, with a total of 26 blowing snow events. During blowing snow periods, coarse aerosol number concentrations increased often by an order of magnitude compared to no-blowing snow periods. Mass fractions of sodium chloride in sub-micron aerosol (particle diameter 0.01–0.625 µm) available during December 2019 and 10 m wind speed showed a significant correlation (R = 0.61, P < 0.05), indicating that much of the aerosol observed during storms is sea salt released by sublimating blowing snow. We use these observations to refine the current model parameterization by considering the spatial and temporal variability of atmospheric and sea ice conditions. Snow particle size distributions and snow salinities are expressed as a function of wind speed and snowpack depth, respectively, which can be easily implemented into climate models. Validation of the snow particle size distribution parameterization with previous polar winter observations showed agreement in the Arctic (N-ICE2015 cruise, March 2015) above the threshold for drift and blowing snow, but a negative bias in the Antarctic (Weddell Sea, June to August 2013). Updating the blowing snow mechanism in the chemical transport model p-TOMCAT with wind-dependent snow particle size distributions results in 14% more SSA produced and a slightly better correlation with MOSAiC observations of coarse aerosol (R = 0.28). Significant increases in aerosol number concentration due to blowing snow sublimation are calculated by as much as 70 cm−3 during the Antarctic winter and 50 cm−3 during the Arctic winter compared to a baseline simulation with no blowing snow. Thus, taking into account SSA from blowing snow above sea ice will be important to improve model predictions of polar aerosol and climate.
Recensión a PÉREZ RIVAS, Natalia: La ejecución penitenciaria: propuesta de un modelo integrador de los intereses legítimos de la víctima, Ed. Dykinson, Madrid, 2024 (470 páginas)
Authors: Rial Martínez de Alegría Marta
Published: February 2025

El reconocimiento de los derechos de la víctima en el contexto de la ejecución penitenciaria ha suscitado un intenso debate doctrinal, principalmente debido al riesgo de que su implementación pueda afectar los derechos del penado. Desde esta perspectiva, se tiende a considerar a la víctima como un posible impedimento para la reinserción del condenado, bajo el argumento de que su intervención podría estar guiada por intereses retributivos o vengativos. Por otro lado, la doctrina victimológica defiende la necesidad de construir un sistema penal justo, eficaz y equilibrado, que logre armonizar los derechos de la víctima y del penado. Este enfoque propone un modelo que integre de manera equitativa los intereses de todas las partes, fortaleciendo así la legitimidad del derecho penal. En este marco, surge una pregunta clave: ¿es posible diseñar un modelo de ejecución penitenciaria que contemple, de forma equilibrada, los intereses de la víctima, del penado y de la sociedad en general, superando las tensiones que actualmente existen? Este desafío constituye el eje central de la obra recensionada.
LAS ALIANZAS PÚBLICO-PRIVADAS EN EDUCACIÓN: DEBATES, MODELOS Y HORIZONTES REGULATIVOS EN LOS PAÍSES DE LA OCDE
Authors: Zancajo Adrián , Fontdevila Clara , Verger Antoni
Published: February 2025

Pese a la creciente popularidad de las Alianzas Público-Privadas (APP) en el sector educativo, existe un amplio consenso académico sobre su impacto negativo sobre las desigualdades educativas. En los últimos años, organismos internacionales como la OCDE, la UNESCO o el Banco Mundial han mostrado una creciente preocupación por dicho impacto. Sin embargo, la mayoría de estos organismos internacionales no cuestiona directamente la política de APP sino que apuesta por procesos de regulación pública que permitan compatibilizar los supuestos efectos positivos de las APP con mayores niveles de equidad. El presente artículo contribuye al debate internacional sobre la regulación pública de la educación privada subvencionada. Para ello, analizamos las diferentes configuraciones regulativas de las APP que prevalecen en los países de la OCDE, y exploramos los procesos de problematización y de reforma que han acontecido en ellos. El artículo concluye con una reflexión sobre las implicaciones políticas y los límites y desafíos de dichas reformas.
LA SITUACIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN OBLIGATORIA EN LA ARGENTINA DE LA POSTPANDEMIA
Authors: Oreja Cerruti María Betania
Published: February 2025

El trabajo analiza la situación educativa en Argentina a partir de la reapertura total de sus escuelas, luego del cierre por el COVID-19, con foco en los niveles obligatorios.Planteamos que los efectos de la pandemia no pueden separarse de un proceso de diferenciación social y de empobrecimiento de la clase trabajadora argentina, de más largo aliento, con consecuencias evidentes en las condiciones en que se forma una porción significativa de los niños y adolescentes.Se estudia la evolución reciente de la matrícula por nivel educativo, las principales medidas impulsadas a nivel nacional y acordadas federalmente –entre fines de 2021 y 2023- y las condiciones presupuestarias previas y posteriores a la pandemia como determinantes del tipo de acción estatal.Analizamos los resultados de aprendizaje, mediante las evaluaciones nacionales e internacionales, realizando algunas consideraciones sobre la formación de los atributos generales en la futura fuerza de trabajo y los procesos que se reforzaron o aceleraron con la pandemia.A lo largo del trabajo sintetizamos las recomendaciones de diversos organismos internacionales a los países de América Latina para afrontar la situación de la postpandemia, y planteamos algunas reflexiones sobre su coincidencia general con la agenda de los Estados nacionales.
Moreno, J.M. y Gortazar, L. (2024). Educación Universal. Por qué el proyecto más exitoso de la historia genera malestar y nuevas desigualdades. DEBATE. ISBN 978-84-19642-92-9
Authors: Reyes Castro Massiel
Published: February 2025

En la obra Educación Universal. Por qué el proyecto más exitoso de la historia genera malestar y nuevas desigualdades, Juan Manuel Moreno y Lucas Gortazar no solo se proponen reflexionar de forma profunda y crítica sobre los sistemas educativos actuales, sino también evidenciar los diversos factores que inciden en su configuración y cómo lo viven distintos grupos de actores implicados y la sociedad en su conjunto
СИСТЕМА ПРОГНОЗА ПЕРЕНОСА ЗАГРЯЗНЯЮЩИХ ВЕЩЕСТВ В АТМОСФЕРЕ РЕГИОНОВ РОССИИ
Authors: ИГНАТОВ Р.Ю. , НАХАЕВ М.И. , РУБИНШТЕЙН К.Г. , ЦЕПЕЛЕВ В.Ю. , ШАПОШНИКОВ Д.С. , ОБУХОВ Д.Ю. , РОДИН А.В. , СЕДОВ А.В.
Published: February 2025

Представлена система прогноза переноса и трансформации загрязняющих веществ в атмосфере с использованием химико-транспортной модели CHIMERE, учитывающей эмиссии от стационарных, аварийных и подвижных источников. Прогноз метеорологических полей выполнялся с помощью региональной негидростатической модели циркуляции атмосферы высокого разрешения WRF-ARW. Система полностью автоматизирована, что позволяет использовать ее в качестве инструмента для получения оперативной информации в работе ситуационных центров и центров принятия решений в случае аварийных ситуаций на производстве, чрезвычайных ситуаций природного или техногенного характера. Результаты тестирования системы показали ее работоспособность, возможность использования в оперативной и исследовательской работе, а также при разработке сценариев вероятного развития аварийных или чрезвычайных ситуаций в любой точке на территории страны, что способствует реализации мероприятий по ликвидации последствий аварий.

A system has been created for numerical prediction of concentrations of pollutants in the atmosphere and their deposition to the ground using the Chimere chemical transport model, which takes into account emissions from stationary, emergency, and mobile sources. The forecast of meteorological fields was carried out using the regional high-resolution non-hydrostatic atmospheric model WRF-ARW. The system is fully automated, which allows it to be used as a tool for quickly obtaining operational information in the work of situation centers and decision-making centers in the cases of industrial, natural, and man-made emergencies. The results of testing the system showed its operability, the possibility of using it in operational and research work, as well as in scenarios of development of emergency situations anywhere in the country and implementation of measures to assess and eliminate the consequences of accidents. The first results of the calculation of atmospheric pollution with the system are presented. They can be considered as test. To obtain statistically reliable results, it is necessary to have longer series of measurements of atmospheric pollution concentrations and of higher resolution.
ДИНАМИКА ФРАКЦИОННОГО РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ АЭРОЗОЛЕЙ В ПРИЗЕМНОМ ВОЗДУХЕ БОРЕАЛЬНОЙ ЗОНЫ ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ (ПО НАБЛЮДЕНИЯМ В ОБСЕРВАТОРИИ «ФОНОВАЯ»). ЧАСТЬ 1. СРАВНЕНИЕ ПЕРИОДОВ ЛЕТНЕЙ ВЕГЕТАЦИИ И ЗИМНЕГО ПОКОЯ ДРЕВЕСНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ
Authors: ТЕНТЮКОВ М.П. , ТИМУШЕВ Д.А. , СИМОНЕНКОВ Д.В. , БЕЛАН Б.Д. , ШУКУРОВ К.А. , КОЗЛОВ А.В.
Published: February 2025

Представлены результаты сравнительной характеристики фракционного состава приземного аэрозоля в период летней вегетации и зимнего покоя древесных растений бореальной зоны Западной Сибири. Приведена статистика распределения аэрозольных частиц по размерам во время летней вегетации и зимнего покоя древесных растений на обсерватории «Фоновая» СО РАН (Томская область) в период с 01.07.2022 г. по 30.06.2023 г. Анализ соотношений аэрозольных фракций выявил парадоксальную ситуацию: счетная концентрация аэрозольных частиц диаметром 0,3-2,0 мкм оказалась существенно выше зимой, чем летом. Предложена феноменологическая модель, описывающая данный эффект как проявление сил радиометрической природы.

The article presents statistics on the distribution of aerosol particles during the summer vegetation and winter dormancy of woody plants at the size Fonovaya observatory of the IAO SB RAS (Tomsk Region) from July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023. The analysis of the ratios of aerosol fractions revealed a paradoxical situation, where the count concentration of aerosol particles 0.3-2.0 mm diameter turned out to be significantly higher in winter than in summer. A phenomenological model is suggested which describes this effect as a manifestation of the action of radiometric forces.