bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Papel da hidroginástica na capacidade funcional de idosos - Role of hydrogymnastic in the functional capacity of elderly
Authors: Oliveira-Silva Iransé , Rafaella Bardella Arcanjo Larissa
Published: December 2017

ResumoObjetivo: Apresentar a influência de um programa de hidroginástica na capacidade funcional de idosas. Métodos: Com uma amostra de 60 idosas com média de idade de 65,9±3,2 anos, subdivididas em dois grupos: 30 praticantes de hidroginástica e 30 sedentárias. Para este estudo foi aplicado à bateria de testes de Rikli e Jones (2008), que é constituída por um conjunto de testes que permitem avaliar a capacidade funcional de idosos. Utilizou-se o software SPSS for Windows versão 22.0, e o nível de significância adotado foi de p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: Ficou evidenciado que as idosas que frequentavam as aulas de hidroginástica a mais de 6 meses apresentaram níveis de capacidade funcional superiores em todos os testes da bateria em comparação com as idosas sedentárias (p=0.01). Conclusões: Um programa de hidroginástica de mais de seis meses influencia positivamente na capacidade funcional de idosas. Contudo recomenda-se a inclusão de exercícios de força para minimizar as perdas deste componente a medida que a idade avança.Palavras-chave:Idosos. Capacidade. Hidro. AbstractObjective: To present the influence of a hydrogymnastic (water aerobics) program on the functional capacity of elderly women. Methods: With a sample of 60 elderly women with mean age of 65.9 ± 3.2 years, subdivided into two groups: 30 hydrogymnastic practitioners and 30 sedentary. For this study was applied the test of Rikli and Jones (2008), which consists of a set of tests that allow to evaluate the functional capacity of the elderly. The software SPSS for Windows version 22.0 was used, and the significance level adopted was p ≤ 0.05. Results: It was evidenced that the elderly women attending hydrogymnastic classes over 6 months had higher levels of functional capacity in all battery tests compared to sedentary women (p=0.01). Conclusions: An program of hydrogymnastic in more than six months has positively influences the functional capacity of the elderly. However, it is recommended to include strength exercises to minimize the losses of this component as the age advances.Keyword:Elderly. Capacity. Hydro.
Traffic Conflict–Based Before–After Study with Use of Comparison Groups and the Empirical Bayes Method
Authors: Reyad Passant , Sacchi Emanuele , Ibrahim Shewkar , Sayed Tarek
Published: December 2017

Road safety evaluations mainly rely on the analysis of crash data that are challenged by well-recognized availability and quality issues. The statistical models used to predict the safety level of road sites—that is, safety performance functions—have recently been successfully developed with the use of traffic conflict observations instead of crashes. As such, it is possible to adopt and transfer the statistical techniques used in crash-based road safety analysis to conflict-based analysis. The use of statistically rigorous techniques in crash-based before-and-after (BA) studies is essential for evaluation of the effectiveness of road safety countermeasures. In particular, the use of Bayesian methods, such as the empirical Bayes (EB) technique, is vital to control for confounding factors that can operate simultaneously with the countermeasure and may affect road safety performance. The main objective of this paper was to estimate the treatment effectiveness of two traffic signal (visibility) improvement projects in the city of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, with a conflict-based BA study using the comparison group and the EB methods. More than 300 h of video data with traffic conflict observations was automatically collected and analyzed by computer vision techniques for two treatment intersections and two control (untreated) intersections before and after the signal improvement projects. The results of the comparison group method showed a statistically significant 24% reduction in the average number of rear-end conflicts per hour, whereas the EB method showed a statistically significant 24.5% reduction in the average number of total conflicts per hour.
Investigation of Different Geometric Representations of Road User Volume and Their Impact on Postencroachment Time
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Gomaa , Saunier Nicolas
Published: December 2017

Surrogate safety analysis refers to a large class of methods to evaluate safety at any site without waiting for collisions. A core requirement of any safety analysis method is the calculation of reliable safety indicators, which are mostly computed at a given time with the use of the positions and speeds of the two interacting road users. These positional data can be obtained automatically with video sensors and computer vision techniques. Therefore, automated safety analysis based on video data has gained the interest of safety analysts. However, automatic, video-based methods for surrogate safety analysis generally consider road users as points. Hence, the geometric representation of the road user volume (the outline) can affect the accuracy of the calculated indicators and consequently the safety evaluation. This study investigated geometric representations of road users for the automated computation of safety indicators. In particular, they were compared in the measurement of postencroachment time. This investigation relied on a real-world case study at two sites with two camera configurations, the first with an almost overhead view and the second with a much lower camera angle, which was more common in practice. The results show that representing the road user as a convex hull with extracted features is most accurate, with a root mean square error equal to 0.25 s for computation at the first site with an overhead view. With a lower camera angle, the advantage of that method disappeared and a simpler circular representation with a fixed radius showed the best results.
Factors Affecting Classification of Road Segments into High- and Low-Speed Collision Regimes
Authors: Gargoum Suliman , Li Yang , El-Basyouny Karim , Kim Amy
Published: December 2017

The safety of locations operating under high-speed conditions could significantly differ from that of locations operating under low-speed conditions. Therefore, different approaches must be adopted when speed and safety are analyzed and managed at locations operating under different regimes. However, it is necessary first to understand the factors affecting the speed–collision classification of a site. Locations operating under high speeds are typically expected to have more collisions compared with locations in which speeds are low. Some locations, however, might experience a high collision rate even when speeds are low, or vice versa. This study aimed to identify the factors that affected the site classification into any of those categories by using data collected on roads in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Locations were divided into four speed–collision bins (high collision, high speed; high collision, low speed; low collision, high speed; low collision, low speed), and geographic information system maps of locations were produced to explore the spatial distribution of those locations. Moreover, logistic regression was used to understand the role of different factors in identifying the speed–collision bin to which a certain location belonged. The results reveal that locations with high collision rates but low speeds have a relatively high population of heavy vehicles and trucks as well as high speed variability. As for locations with low collision rates and high speeds, these sites were found to have a high level of protection through the presence of medians and shoulders with relatively low access density.
« Aller à la guerre même » : J. Patočka et la Grande Guerre
Authors: Schmit Pierre-Étienne
Published: December 2017

Jan Patočka ne présente pas une théorie générale de la guerre ; toutefois, en considérant la Première Guerre mondiale, il cherche à développer une approche du combat lui-même jusque dans sa dimension ontologique. Une forme de compréhension s’ouvre alors qui n’est plus guidée par les intérêts de la vie quotidienne. Il ne s’agit pas de célébrer les vertus martiales mais de reconnaître l’homme dans toute sa finitude, assumant ainsi sa responsabilité face à l’histoire. Dès lors, si la guerre expose l’homme à la Force technique et à sa puissance de destruction, le philosophe tchèque montre qu’une forme de communauté du sens, par-delà les lignes adverses, peut se dégager au cœur de l’expérience du front.
Les formes de la guerre dans la déconstruction
Authors: Smith Claude
Published: December 2017

Le problème de la violence apparaît d’emblée, dans la perspective de la déconstruction derridienne, comme un problème irréductible. C’est pourquoi, lorsque ses dimensions politiques deviennent plus explicites, au début des années 1990, le travail de Derrida en vient à donner une place significative au motif de la guerre. Les lectures successives de Marx et de Schmitt permettent alors de préciser le sens de l’articulation entre « polémique originaire » et violences sociales ou guerrières. En définitive, le combat pour la justice apparaît comme indissociable d’un déplacement des frontières traditionnellement établies entre guerres internationales et guerres civiles, ou entre guerres « extérieures » et guerres « intimes », obligeant à reconsidérer les limites du concept même de guerre pour l’appréhender l’évolution complexe des situations de conflit.
Nouvelles réflexions sur la « banalité du mal ». Autour du livre de Hannah Arendt Eichmann à Jérusalem et de quelques malentendus persistants à son sujet
Authors: Poizat Jean-Claude
Published: December 2017

La thèse paradoxale de la « banalité du mal », défendue par H. Arendt dans son livre Eichmann à Jérusalem (1963), a fait l’objet d’intenses polémiques en raison de l’incompréhension qu’elle a suscitée. Arendt a été accusée de « banaliser » les crimes commis par le haut fonctionnaire nazi. Cette accusation s’appuie sur une interprétation tendancieuse, sous l’influence des travaux du psychologue américain Stanley Milgram, lequel défendait la thèse selon laquelle la violence criminelle nazie s’expliquerait par le concept de « soumission à l’autorité ». La pensée de la philosophe se distingue pourtant nettement de celle du psychologue : sa réflexion politique met l’accent sur l’idée d’une « perversion totalitaire de la loi ». Plusieurs historiens et philosophes reprennent néanmoins aujourd’hui une interprétation tendancieuse qui vise à disqualifier la pensée d’Arendt. Le présent article se donne pour but de dissiper ce malentendu.
Le soleil dans la pensée de Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Étude sur l’entrecroisement de la connaissance rationnelle et de la pensée symbolique
Authors: Labrusse Sébastien
Published: December 2017

Les leçons d’astronomie dans le Traité de sphère et dans Emile sont singulières : Rousseau expose le système de Ptolémée, qu’il sait faux, et non le système de Copernic, dont on ne peut plus douter de la vérité. Ce n’est pas seulement pour des raisons pédagogiques qu’il préfère l’ancienne physique. C’est aussi parce qu’il sait que le soleil – qu’il nomme le père de la vie – n’est pas seulement l’objet de la connaissance scientifique, mais est aussi une réalité symbolique. Le ptoléméisme de Rousseau semble s’expliquer par le désir qu’il a de ne pas occulter les significations symboliques et religieuses des phénomènes que les sciences de la nature étudient. Cette étude se propose d’examiner l’entrecroisement de la connaissance scientifique et du savoir symbolique dans la pensée de Rousseau.
La négociation interculturelle : défi des approches concurrentes et diversité des paradigmes
Authors: Dellech Dorsaf , Debabi Mohsen
Published: December 2017

Cet article montre l’existence d’approches opposées sur le rôle de la culture dans les négociations internationales. La variété de paradigmes témoigne de la complexité des problématiques relatives à la négociation interculturelle. Autant ce domaine est borné par les controverses et les divergences de points de vue, autant il confirme la nécessité de mobiliser les chercheurs sur des sujets qui traitent les interactions entre les variables de la culture et celles de la négociation. Ceci ne peut donc que justifier la fertilisation croisée du domaine de la négociation interculturelle.
A Subset of Human Autoreactive CD1c-Restricted T Cells Preferentially Expresses TRBV4-1+ TCRs
Authors: Guo Tingxi , Koo Ming Yin , Kagoya Yuki , Anczurowski Mark , Wang Chung-Hsi , Saso Kayoko , Butler Marcus O. , Hirano Naoto
Published: December 2017

In humans, a substantial portion of T cells recognize lipids presented by the monomorphic CD1 proteins. Recent studies have revealed the molecular basis of mycobacterial lipid recognition by CD1c-restricted T cells. Subsets of CD1c-restricted T cells recognize self-lipids in addition to foreign lipids, which may have implications in human diseases involving autoimmunity and malignancy. However, the molecular identity of these self-reactive T cells remains largely elusive. In this study, using a novel CD1c+ artificial APC (aAPC)-based system, we isolated human CD1c-restricted autoreactive T cells and characterized them at the molecular level. By using the human cell line K562, which is deficient in MHC class I/II and CD1 expression, we generated an aAPC expressing CD1c as the sole Ag-presenting molecule. When stimulated with this CD1c+ aAPC presenting endogenous lipids, a subpopulation of primary CD4+ T cells from multiple donors was consistently activated, as measured by CD154 upregulation and cytokine production in a CD1c-specific manner. These activated CD4+ T cells preferentially expressed TRBV4-1+ TCRs. Clonotypic analyses of the reconstituted TRBV4-1+ TCR genes confirmed CD1c-restricted autoreactivity of this repertoire, and the strength of CD1c reactivity was influenced by the diversity of CDR3β sequences. Finally, alanine scanning of CDR1 and CDR2 sequences of TRBV4-1 revealed two unique residues, Arg30 and Tyr51, as critical in conferring CD1c-restricted autoreactivity, thus elucidating the molecular basis of the observed V gene bias. These data provide new insights into the molecular identity of human autoreactive CD1c-restricted T cells.
A troposphere tomography method considering the weighting of input information
Authors: Zhao Qingzhi , Yao Yibin , Yao Wanqiang
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Troposphere tomography measurement using a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) generally consists of several types of input information including the observation equation, horizontal constraint equation, vertical constraint equation, and a priori constraint equation. The reasonable weightings of input information are a prerequisite for ensuring the reliability of the adjustment of the parameters. This forms the focus of this research, which tries to determine the weightings, including the observations, for the same type of equation and the optimal weightings for different types of equations. The optimal weightings of the proposed method are realized on the basis of the stable equilibrium relationship between different types of a posteriori unit weight variances, which are capable of adaptively adjusting the weightings for different types of equations and enables the ratio between the two arbitrary a posteriori unit weight variances to tend to unity. A troposphere tomography experiment, which was used to consider these weightings, was implemented using global positioning system (GPS) data from the Hong Kong Satellite Positioning Reference Station Network (SatRef). Numerical results show the applicability and stability of the proposed method for GPS troposphere tomography assessment under different weather conditions. In addition, the root mean square (RMS) error in the water vapor density differences between tomography-radiosonde and tomography-ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) are 0.91 and 1.63 g m−3, respectively, over a 21-day test.
PEDESTRIAN PATHFINDING IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Authors: López-Pazos G. , Balado J. , Díaz-Vilariño L. , Arias P. , Scaioni M.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. With the rise of urban population, many initiatives are focused upon the smart city concept, in which mobility of citizens arises as one of the main components. Updated and detailed spatial information of outdoor environments is needed to accurate path planning for pedestrians, especially for people with reduced mobility, in which physical barriers should be considered. This work presents a methodology to use point clouds to direct path planning. The starting point is a classified point cloud in which ground elements have been previously classified as roads, sidewalks, crosswalks, curbs and stairs. The remaining points compose the obstacle class. The methodology starts by individualizing ground elements and simplifying them into representative points, which are used as nodes in the graph creation. The region of influence of obstacles is used to refine the graph. Edges of the graph are weighted according to distance between nodes and according to their accessibility for wheelchairs. As a result, we obtain a very accurate graph representing the as-built environment. The methodology has been tested in a couple of real case studies and Dijkstra algorithm was used to pathfinding. The resulting paths represent the optimal according to motor skills and safety.
Chingonas and Chingados: Femininity and Machismo in Three Poems by Francisco X. Alarcón
Authors: Garcia Iglesias Jaime
Published: December 2017

This article analyzes the ways in which Queer Chicano poet Francisco X. Alarcón presents the interplay of family, sexuality, and heritage in his poetry. Three poems are analyzed: “Cuarto oscuro/Dark Room”, “Mi padre/My Father”, and “Una pequeña gran victoria/A Small but Fateful Victory”. In these pieces, Alarcón negotiates his own identity as an ‘Other’ of the Chicano Community by emphasizing the performative nature of masculinity and femininity. In so doing, he provides an insight into the dilemmas and fractures of contemporary Chicanos. Thus, this piece aims to also incorporate Alarcón to the Chicano literary canon by studying how his poems echo the theoretical paradigms established by Anzaldúa, Arteaga, and others.
Datos abiertos y acceso a la información pública en la reconstrucción de la historia digital.
Authors: Magallón Raúl
Published: December 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es describir y reflexionar sobre la función de los datos abiertos y del acceso a la información pública en la reconstrucción de la memoria histórica, colectiva y social. La aparición de nuevos formatos no sólo modifica el papel del historiador sino que también modifica tanto la forma como el contenido.La cuestión debe ser analizada desde dos perspectivas: por un lado, desde aquellos acontecimientos del pasado que se reactualizan por la aparición de nueva fuentes que amplían, añaden o modifican el conocimiento sobre el suceso y, por otro lado, esde el presente con aquellos hechos noticiosos que desde el momento en el que se producen marcan el desarrollo de la historia futura.
Clío en las redes sociales: la experiencia del Grupo de Historia Contemporánea de Facebook
Authors: Gálvez Biesca Sergio , Romero Peña Aleix , Fernández Soldevilla Gaizka
Published: December 2017

Facebook conforma una comunidad virtual creciente que aglutina a millones de usuarios. El Grupo Historia Contemporánea ha surgido en este espacio para dar cabida a aquello que se refiere a tal periodo histórico en su máxima amplitud. Concebido con una evidente finalidad pedagógica, el Grupo ha posibilitado el contacto entre distintos profesionales y no profesionales de la Historia y la difusión de nuevas fuentes de investigación; por otra parte, también ha sido escenario de varios debates. En el presente artículo se reflexiona sobre esta nueva realidad y sobre cuál es nuestro papel en las redes sociales en cuanto personas vinculadas al mundo académico.
Co-creación, participación y redes sociales para hacer historia. Ciencia con y para la sociedad
Authors: Bocanegra Barbecho Lidia , Toscano Maurizio , Delgado Anés Lara
Published: December 2017

La tendencia hacía la participación ciudadana en los procesos de investigación científica ha llegado para quedarse. La involucración de personas y colectivos vinculados a las temáticas de estudio permite el acceso a información privilegiada a nuevas fuentes primarias; puede llegar incluso a modificar los objetivos y la metodología de un proyecto, marcando el rumbo en el desarrollo de las actividades. Estos factores se incrementan cuando hablamos de proyectos en ciencias humanas y se potencian todavía más a través del uso de las tecnológicas digitales, plataformas web, aplicaciones y redes sociales, que recortan las distancias y amplían las herramientas a disposición del investigador.
La trascendencia de la campaña del “miedo” en las elecciones de 2004 y la propaganda del “peligro” en México en 2006
Authors: García Dueñas Lauri
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this article is describing how the campaign of “fear” launched by ARENA during the last presidential election in El Salvador influenced over the electoral preferences. This essay emphasizes how this particular sort of electoral propaganda affected the Mexican presidential election in July.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 109, 2006: 375-387
Imaginarios e itinerancias en la ciudad. Construcción de identidades urbanas desde el ambulantaje
Authors: Martel Roxana
Published: December 2017

Ambulant activity turns the mediating activity of the forms of urban growth, the sort of activities that the metropolitan city generates, the varied forms of citizen living and the social, politic, economic and cultural participation. The reflection in this essay will be focused in the forms of urban identity and imageries construction that come from ambulant activities. Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 109, 2006: 405-440
Relatos de horror de la posguerra centroamericana
Authors: Alvarenga Luis
Published: December 2017

No abstract available.
El rol del docente y las relaciones humanas
Authors: Castaneda Jaime Joel
Published: December 2017

No abstract available.
Recuperar el pasado, imaginar el futuro
Authors: Editor El
Published: December 2017

No abstract available.
Dogmas de fe: realidades históricas y políticas
Authors: Valdés Valle Roberto
Published: December 2017

Frequently, the dogma issue is understood without considering the historic factors. For that reason, an unjustified assertion is that the Church has maintained a single discourse on dogma since its beginning. However, an analysis of the history of these ideas does not resist such interpretation. It is possible to think these realities from new hermeneutics or philosophies. The author uses the reflections of Andrés Torres Queiruga and Xavier Zubiri for this purpose.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 110, 2006: 525-561
Cristianismo y liberación en El Salvador: el boletín católico Justicia y Paz, 1972-1980
Authors: González Torres Julián
Published: December 2017

The following text pretends to be a modest essay of “historization of ideas”. In this sense, the author surveys which concept of Salvadoran society, of peasant and liberation was proposed in the Christian bulletin Justicia y Paz, in the decade of 1970 in El Salvador, considering the influence of the II Vatican Council (1962-1965) and of the II Latin American Episcopal Conference in Medellín (1968).Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 110, 2006: 563-584
Juan Antonio Estrada, Imágenes de Dios
Authors: González Julián
Published: December 2017

No abstract available.
Una biografía de Enrique Álvarez Córdova
Authors: Alvarenga Luis
Published: December 2017

No abstract available.
Ignorancia, sometimiento, capitalismo a lo salvaje y perversión en el nacimiento y el seguimiento de la reforma neoliberal en salud
Authors: Selva Sutter Ernesto A.
Published: December 2017

The following work starts analyzing the reform of the health system in El Salvador, in order to understand how mercantilismleads to commit clear aberrations in the health system. However, this problem is not reduced to a certain administration in the government: it is originated to the rise of Neo Liberalism worldwide. Due to this, health turns into a mere merchandise.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 111, 2007: 47-87
APLICABILIDADE DE REDES NEURAIS ARTIFICIAIS PARA ANÁLISE DE GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA DE UM SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICO CONECTADO A REDE ELÉTRICA
Authors: Pinheiro Elisangela , Lovato Adalberto , Ruther Ricardo
Published: December 2017

Fontes de energia flutuantes, como a solar, estão aumentando sua participação na matriz energética. Concomitantemente está aumentando a dependência dessa energia e consequentemente, novos métodos de previsão de suprimento precisam ser desenvolvidos. Redes neurais artificiais têm sido usadas para prever a irradiação solar com sucesso. No entanto seu uso na previsão da energia futura disponível não tem sido explorado. O algoritmo de Levenberg-Marquard foi usado em diversas configurações que foram treinadas com a aplicação da função de transferência logssigmoide na camada oculta e purelin na camada de saída. Os dados de entrada foram a irradiação solar, a temperatura ambiente, a temperatura dos módulos solares e a hora do dia. Os dados de target foram os valores da energia produzida. O treinamento foi realizado com 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 e 60 neurônios na camada oculta. O melhor resultado foi obtido com 30 neurônios, com coeficiente de correlação de 0,98. Palavras-chave: Energia solar. Redes neurais artificiais. Simulação da produção de energia. Algoritmo de Levenberg-Marquard.
AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE UMA UNIDADE DE BIODIGESTÃO EM ESCALA REAL TRATANDO DEJETOS DA SUINOCULTURA
Authors: Stival Leandro José Lemes , ERRERA MARCELO , AISSE MIGUEL
Published: December 2017

O presente estudo avaliou o desempenho de uma unidade biodigestora em escala real, tratando dejetos da suinocultura, através da (i) caracterização de parâmetros físico-químicos influentes no biodigestor, assim como pela (ii) medição a produção de biogás gerado pelos dejetos da granja. Localizada no município de Carambeí-PR, a granja possui uma média de 1614 animais em um sistema de produção do tipo Unidade de Terminação (UT), cujos dejetos produzidos alimentam um biodigestor de 842 m³. Os resultados apresentaram uma perspectiva otimista quanto ao tratamento dos dejetos, pois a biodigestão anaeróbia do sistema foi avaliada como boa através da relação AV/AT em torno de 0,1, demonstrando ainda uma média de remoção da matéria orgânica da ordem de 90%. A produção de biogás medida de 240 m³/dia representa um nível similar as estimativas teóricas. Por fim, o ganho com a utilização do biodigestor como tecnologia de tratamento em termos ambientais e econômicos é notável, além da contribuição na sustentabilidade e no desenvolvimento nacional.
Quantitative Research in Systemic Functional Linguistics
Authors: He Qingshun
Published: December 2017

The research of Systemic Functional Linguistics has been quite in-depth in both theory and practice. However, many linguists hold that Systemic Functional Linguistics has no hypothesis testing or experiments and its research is only qualitative. Analyses of the corpus, intelligent computing and language evolution on the ideological background of Systemic Functional Linguistics show that this theory focuses its research on language-in-use and is significantly quantitative in nature. It carries out both top-down and bottom-up approaches in specific studies and emphasizes on the combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, the complementation of competence and performance data and the integration of manual and automatic operations.
Physicochemical and Microbiological Properties and Humic Substances of Composts Produced with Food Residues
Authors: Ferreira Ana K. da C. , Dias Nildo Da S. , Sousa Junior Francisco S. de , Ferreira Daianni A. da C. , Fernandes Cleyton Dos S. , Lucas Lizandra E. F. , Travassos Kaline D. , Sá Francisco V. da S.
Published: December 2017

The consolidation of a wide and effective management system of solid residues, especially biodegradable ones, is one of the great challenges of current society. Composting was evaluated as an option of organic fertilization for soil enrichment, using raw food residues in substitution to bovine manure. The compost piles were built with 30% of biodegradable residues mixed with 70% of ground tree pruning material. The effects of different proportions of food residues (FR) and bovine manure (BM) as source of carbon were tested in 5 treatments (T1 = 15%BM + 15%FR, T2 = 20%BM + 10%FR, T3 = 10%BM + 20%FR, T4 = 30%BM and T5 = control, 30%FR), in randomized blocks, under open field conditions for 90 days. The pH, temperature and moisture content of the compost were measured weekly. The aged compost was evaluated for physicochemical and microbiological properties and carbon contents in the humic substances. The analyses of the results indicated that all studied composts reached the maturation stage with satisfactory contents of humic substances, macronutrients, and micronutrients, indicating that food residues can be used as a source of carbon in compost piles to produce organic fertilizers. The contents of the evaluated chemical contaminants were much lower than those established in the main legislation and current normative instructions and, in terms of contamination by pathogens, there was the absence of total coliforms, thermo tolerant coliforms, and Salmonellas.
Do local enemies attack alien and native Impatiens alike?
Authors: Najberek Kamil , Solarz Wojciech , Chmura Damian
Published: December 2017

The enemy release hypothesis (ERH) attributes the invasive behavior of some alien species to decreased pressure from natural enemies, as they have been left behind in the hosts’ native range. The majority of research supports this idea, but some studies confirm it only partially or even contradict it. Here, we present the results of ERH tests of three Impatiens species studied in southern Poland in 2010–2011. Two of them are alien and invasive in Europe (Impatiens glandulifera, I. parviflora) and one is native (I. noli-tangere). We compared the three species in terms of the percentage of all leaves showing symptoms of disease and/or damage, and also the number of pests recorded on the monitored plants.

In 1071 individual plant controls, we assessed 17 180 leaves, 7552 of which showed symptoms of disease/damage, and we recorded 5721 invertebrates, 5220 of them were pests. Rusts and spots were the predominant symptoms and Aphidoidea were the dominant group of pests. Comparisons of the two alien and one native Impatiens did not confirm the ERH in 90% of the performed tests. Most of the differences between the species were not significant, and most of the significant ones contradicted the ERH. The only results confirming the ERH were found in comparisons between I. parviflora and I. noli-tangere. The tests between two alien species showed that I. parviflora was under higher pest pressure, while I. glandulifera had more disease and damage symptoms, thus, plant–enemy relations differed between the two balsams. In summary, the presented results add evidence that the success of some alien species may depend on factors related to biotic and/or abiotic conditions in ways that are not explained by the enemy release hypothesis.
Modular intelligent fixture system for flexible clamping of large parts
Authors: MÖHRING H.-Christian , GESSLER Werner , KÖNIG Alexander , NGUYEN Le Trung , NGUYEN Q. Phuc
Published: December 2017

In this work a modular intelligent fixture system for flexible clamping of large parts is presented. The fixture modules consist of a hybrid material structure involving metal frame elements and mineral casting. These modules can be combined and connected to realize fixtures adapted to the geometry of the workpiece and requirements of the machining processes. By integrated pipes and interfaces, an internal hydraulic supply
and active cooling is possible even for combined modules. Temperature and acceleration sensors allow for
an active thermal control and process monitoring. The modules and first test fixtures are investigated
in experiments.
Review: Coefficients for Stress, Temperature, and Composition Effects in Fluorescence Measurements of Alumina
Authors: Cook Robert F. , Michaels Chris A.
Published: December 2017

The numerical coefficients linearly relating the effects of stress (including pressure), temperature, and composition to shifts in the energies of the Cr-related fluorescence in alumina (Al2O3) are reviewed. The primary focus is the shift of the R1 and R2 “ruby” fluorescence lines under conditions typical for stress determination in polycrystalline Al2O3. No significant experimental difference in the R1 and R2 responses is observed for hydrostatic stress (or pressure) conditions (average shift coefficient of about 7.6 cm−1/GPa), changes in temperature (about 0.140 cm−1/K), or variations in composition (about 120 cm−1/mass fraction of Cr). There are significant differences in the R1 and R2 responses for nonhydrostatic stress conditions. In particular, for uniaxial stress along the a and c directions in the Al2O3 crystal, the R1 piezospectroscopic tensor coefficients (about 3.0 cm−1/GPa and 1.6 GPa cm−1/GPa, respectively) differ considerably, whereas the R2 coefficients (about 2.6 cm−1/GPa and 2.3 GPa cm−1/GPa, respectively) do not. Measurements of the piezospectroscopic tensor coefficients are shown to have interlaboratory relative consistency of about 4 % extending over 30 years, and are consistent with the scalar high-pressure measurements. Measurements of the temperature coefficients are shown to have interlaboratory relative consistency less than 1 % extending over 60 years. Fluorescence-based measurements of stress in polycrystalline Al2O3, although requiring temperature adjustment, are shown to have a relative uncertainty of about 2.5 %.
DOSADASNJA ISKUSTVA U HARMONIZACI PRAVA ZEMALJA BIVSE JUGOSLAVIJE SA PRAVOM EVROPSKE UNIJE
Authors: Gelev Dimitar
Published: December 2017

Sve drzave nastale nakon raspada bivse SFRJpokusale su da reformisu svoje pravne sisteme. Taj pokusaj je na pocetku vise bio trend ka osavremenja- vanju pravnog sistema i prihvatanja pravnih resenja koji odgovaraju trzisnoj privredi (sto je bio trend i pre raspada bivse drzave). Malo kasnije sve te drzave pocinjufaznu ipostupnu harmonizaciju svojihpravnih sistema sa pravilima Evropske Unije.Umnogo cemu je Evropska unija u izgradnji vlastitih pravnih resenja uzor videla u pravu SAD, i pored toga sto je veoma velik broj zemalja Evropske unije ,sa duzom pravnom tradicijom ,pokusavao ljubomorno da sacuva neke specificne crte svoje pravne tradicije.Iskustva dosadasnje harmonizacije prava zemalja bivse Jugoslavije poka- zuju da se te zemlje nisu bas najbolje snasle sa pravnom terminologijom i ra- zumevanjem velikog broja pravnih pojmova koje su nekritickiprihvatale u svoj pravni sistem. Usvajanjem odredenog broja zakona koje su one smatrale naj- bitnijim za reformu drustva, te zemlje nisu mnogo vodile racuna o nekonzi- stentnosti odredenih pravnih resenja sa ostalim delovima pravnog sistema, sto je dovelo do velike pravne nesigurnosti za obicnog gradanina.Cilj ovog rada je da analizira neke takve pravne nekonzistentnosti i pogre- sna pravna tumacenja, narocito u oblastima gradanskog, trgovackog i finansi- jskog prava.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE CHARACTERS IN THE NOVEL ‘THE RAINBOW'
Authors: Đurović Vesna
Published: December 2017

The Rainbow, 1915 is a saga about the three generations of Brangwen family. Each generation on its own way explore their moral and physical relationships shown through specific ways of acting on each other and maturing of female and male characters fitted in specific social frames.
DIGITALNO DOBA I TRADICIONALNA TELEVIZIJA U SRBIJI
Authors: Babić Aleksandar
Published: December 2017

Digitalna revolucija unela je snazne i brze promene u sve sfere Ijudskog zivljenja. Televizija, kao tradicionalni mediji, u poslednjih nekoliko godina ubrzano se transformise iz medija jednosmerne komunikacije u interaktivni multimedij. Savremeni gledalac vise nije samo pasivni posmatrac, vec ima mogucnost izbora sadrzaja. Digitalizacija u Srbiji donela je televiziji bolji kvalitet slike i pojedinacne slucajeve visoke rezolucije, dok je interaktivnost i dalje na osnovnom nivou. Digitalna televizija i visoka rezolucija zahtevaju potpuno prilagodavanje produkcije, sto na televiziji u Srbiji cesto nije slucaj.
MARKETINSKO OBLIKOVANJE JAVNIH TELEVIZIJSKIH SERVISA
Authors: Trivić Natalija
Published: December 2017

Predjavne televizijske servise danasnjice stavljaju se brojni zahtjevi. Oni se prvenstveno odnose na ostvarivanje javnog interesa krozprogramski kvalitet, garancije da ce sve vrste informacija koje gradani ocekuju biti javno posredo- vane, kao i na otpor komercijalizaciji programa koji je karakteristican za pri- vatne televizijske organizacije. Iz navedenog razloga javila se potreba primjene marketinga u poslovanju javnih emitera kao drustveno upravljackogprocesa u kojem stvaranjem kvalitetne programske ponude, prema potrebama i zatje- vima trzista, pojedinci i grupe dobijaju ono sto zele ili sto im je potrebno. S druge strane, visoka gledanostprivuci ce i oglasivace koji ce obezbijediti doda- tni budzet za javne servise u smislu ulaganja novca u proizvodnju i kupovinu kvalitetnijih i raznovrsnijih sadrzaja.Cilj istrazivanja je bio da se dokaze da svi sektori u okviru televizijske organizacije, a ne iskljucivo marketing odjeljenje, moraju da posluju u skladu sa marketinskim nacelima.Gore navedeno uticalo na opredjeljenje da se naucni rad bazira na meto- doloskoj osnovi opste teorije sistema i strukturalnog funkcionalizma, te meto- doloski pristup uzrocno-funkcionalne analize koji je usmjeren na neophodnost preduzeca kao cjeline, u ovom slucaju televizije, i pojedinog njegovog dijela - marketinga.U radu je dokazano da marketinsko oblikovanje javnog servisa podrazu- mjeva stalno pracenje vanjskih uticaja trzista(gledaoci,oglasivaci)i konkuren- cije, ali i drugih faktora (drustveno-politicki) koji se ne mogu predvidjeti. Samo na taj nacin javni servisi ce formulisati startegije kojima ce ostvariti svoje po- slovne ciljeve. Primjenom starteskih analiza (PEST, SWOT), menadzement javnih sevrisa istrazice spoljasnje i unutrasnje okruzenje koje se direktno odra- zava na njihovo poslovanje, sto smo dokazali kroz analizu Javnog servisa Televizije Republike Srpske.
The Impact of Stress Stability on Job Satisfaction and the Quality of Human Capital
Authors: Rudaleva Irina A. , Mustafin Askar N.
Published: December 2017

Long professional stress has a significant impact on the psychological state of employees that inevitably affects the activities of any organization. Therefore, at present, more and more attention is being paid to minimize the negative consequences of stressful staff conditions, with the help of specific procedures of stress management. In this paper, we investigated the impact of stress, the types of stress-resistance of staff individual, and the influence of stress on the degree of job satisfaction of bank employees. The study concludes that the following factors affect the level of job satisfaction of bank employees: wage satisfaction, the level of stress at the workplace, and the relationships in the team. The main factor of the bank employees stress is a large amount of work and a short time period for doing the work. 
Metaphors of Postmodernism in Neo-Victorian Fiction: “The Trial of Elizabeth Cree” by Peter Ackroyd and “The Decorator” by Boris Akunin
Authors: Baratova Olga A. , Shamina Vera B. , Apenko Elena M.
Published: December 2017

One of the features that characterizes postmodern fiction is an intense interest in the past, and especially so – in Victorian period, chiefly in its sensational aspects. Therefore we witness a revival of Victorian crime novel and this tendency can be traced not only in recent English literature, but in other literatures as well, Russian in particular. This gave birth to the term “neo-Victorian novel”, referring to the pieces, which recreate the atmosphere of the period, introduce a lot of intertextual allusions and references to the well-known Victorian novels and exploit most popular subjects of the 19th century literature. However as we will argue in this essay the authors often use these plots as implicit metaphors of postmodern art as such. It will be demonstrated on the example of two Neo-Victorian novels – “The Trial of Elizabeth Cree” by Peter Ackroyd (1995) and “The Decorator” by Boris Akunin; for the latter Ackroyd’s novel can be also regarded as one of the precedent texts. Both novels give their versions of the story of Jack the Ripper but what is more important in our case – employ akin plot structures, images and artistic devices, which in fact become metaphoric actualization of postmodern techniques.
Features of Woman Journal in Tatar Language
Authors: Guseinova Aigul A. , Zayni Rezeda L.
Published: December 2017

The article studies the functional and typological features of woman magazine published in the city of Kazan of the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia). The magazine "Syuyumbike" is the only woman magazine for the Tatars, the people of the Turkic ethnos living in the central regions of the European part of Russia. The Tatars make up 3.87% of population in Russia. "Syuyumbike", as the magazine with a century-old history, spreads throughout Russia. Besides it is read by Tatars, compactly residing in Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, the USA, Finland and Australia. In Soviet times, the circulation reached half a million copies, and it makes only 10 thousand at present, one fifth of which is distributed outside of Tatarstan. Despite the fact that the publishers of the magazine do not share their readers on the basis of gender, the main character of the magazine is a woman, an active member of modern society. The magazine, being the platform for the exchange of opinions among the representatives of Tatar nation from all over the world, serves to search for the solutions to various problems of our time. The identification of typological features makes it possible to determine the place of publication in the media system, it has an undeniable significance for the further development of newspaper and magazine market in the national languages of Russia. After the historical development analysis and the analysis of the magazine "Syuyumbike" current state, the authors made conclusions about the trends and the prospects of its further development.
Conceptualization of Optimistic Models for the World in Paremic Picture of the World
Authors: Semenenko Nataliya N. , Mashukova Darya A. , Smelkovskaja Marina J. , Lazutkina Olesia A.
Published: December 2017

The description of language expression of an ethno cultural stereotype in assessment of optimistic approach to judgment of a role of trials destiny provides in human life is offered. The optimistic outlook model is considered as integrative linguo-cognitive area which valuable dominants are directly connected with points, key for national sphere of concepts. The algorithm of a descriptive technique is presented on the example of cognitive and pragmatical modeling of semantics in the Russian proverbs of theme groups "Destiny - Patience - Hope" and "Patience - Hope" from the collection "Proverbs of the Russian People" of V. I. Dahl. The area of paremic verbalization of cognitive category "Optimism" is considered taking into account polyconceptuality of national aphorisms maintenance and ambivalence of the ethno culture major stereotypes assessment concluded in them. Linguo-cognitive potential of paremias in representation of optimistic outlook model is defined with aphoristic value of paremias, pragmatical recommendation expressed in them and a valuable semantic core.
Injury Patterns and Emergency Department Mortality After Unsuccessful Suicide. A Descriptive Study of a Consecutive Case Series
Authors: Siegl Katharina , Luedi Markus M. , Vassiliu Pantelis , Kauf Peter , Schneider Ralph , Degiannis Elias , Doll Dietrich
Published: December 2017

We hypothesized that trauma bay management and 24-hour emergency department (ED) mortality of patients that survived unsuccessful suicide attempts differ from other patients. Severely injured patients after an unsuccessful suicide attempt can be admitted to resuscitation rooms of any ED. To our knowledge, 24-hour mortality has not been investigated yet. We studied such patients admitted to the resuscitation room of a large ED. This consecutive case series included 64 patients who were evaluated in the resuscitation room because of an unsuccessful suicide attempt. Patient variables were recorded including method of suicide attempt, injuries, hemodynamic status, and treatment. Most patients were male [57 patients (89%)], and the most frequent methods were ingestion of harmful devices or substances [15 patients (23%)]; hanging [9 patients (14%)]; and strangulation [9 patients (14%)]. There were 2 patients who died in the ED: 1 from a self-inflicted gunshot to the head and the other from self-inflicted herbal poisoning. The frequency of emergency airway intervention was greater in patients after unsuccessful attempted suicide [18 patients, 28% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.2%, 39%; endotracheal intubation, 17 patients; emergency tracheotomy, 1 patient] than all ED patients [1458 patients (16%); (95% CI, 14.9%, 16.4%; P = 0.005)]. Following attempted survived suicide, 24-hour ED mortality was 3% and 4% within the control group; the difference is insignificant (P = 0.9596). However, ED mortality showed a trend toward earlier death within the suicidal group. Resuscitation room mortality of patients that survived unsuccessful suicide does not differ from the general population of an ED resuscitation room.
Communication Theory of Identity
Authors: Shin YoungJu , Hecht Michael L.
Published: December 2017

This entry provides an overview of communication theory of identity (CTI), applications of the theory in intercultural communication, and directions for future research and practice. CTI is a theory that explicates multilayered identities such as personal, enacted, relational, and communal identity and it is one of a few theories that highlight communication as a core component of identity, rather than merely an outcome of identity management or a process that creates identity. CTI has numerous implications for intercultural communication research and practice.
Contextual Theory of Interethnic Communication
Authors: Kim Young Yun
Published: December 2017

The contextual theory of interethnic communication is aimed at illuminating the grassroots‐level reality of communication between ethnically dissimilar individuals in its full complexity. Grounded in an open‐systems perspective, the communication behavior and the surrounding communication context are conceived as operating simultaneously in a dynamic interplay. Integrating a broad range of salient concepts, theories, and related research findings across social science disciplines, the theory presents an integrative and interdisciplinary model. Eight theorems are proposed for empirical tests by linking an individual's associative and dissociative behavior reciprocally with eight key contextual factors of the communicator (identity inclusivity/exclusivity and identity security/insecurity), the situation (ethnic proximity/distance, shared/separate goal structure, and personal network integration), and the environment (institutional equity/inequity, relative ingroup strength, and environmental stress). The multidimensional contextual model further provides a holistic conceptual blueprint for practitioners as well as researchers conducting case studies of specific interethnic communication events.