bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Postsurgical hallux varus in which metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis was useful
Authors: Kondo Naoki , Igarashi Tetsuya , Inukai Tomoya , Kawashima Hiroyuki
Published: July 2024

A 74-year-old Japanese woman who underwent Mann’s procedure with fibular sesamoidectomy for left hallux valgus 21 years ago complained of left hallucis pain. She was diagnosed with iatrogenic hallux varus and hammer toe deformities. Metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis and shortening oblique osteotomy were performed. After surgery, the hallux valgus angle improved from -28° to 0°, and the intermetatarsal angle between the first and the second metatarsus improved from 0° to 6°. The Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot RA foot and ankle scale improved from 73 to 81 points. She could walk without pain and sustained no deformity at 4 years after the surgery.
The influence of the fourth industrial revolution in teaching and learning: the COVID-19 context
Authors: Mudau Awelani V. , Sikhosana Lettah
Published: July 2024

Background The aim of this paper was to explore how the Fourth Industrial Revolution shapes teaching and learning during COVID-19 in some of the schools located in the Gauteng and Mpumalanga provinces, South Africa. This paper employed qualitative interpretative multiple case study design. Purposive sampling was used to sample our participants. Methods We selected four teachers who separately taught at the early childhood development stage, intermediate phase, senior phase, and further education and training phases. Data was collected telephonically through semi-structured interviews with teachers from Limpopo, Gauteng and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa. Data was collected from their experiences of COVID-19 from 2019 to 2021. Collected data was analysed using a typology approach whereby themes that derived from the literature reviewed and research questions were used. Results We inferred from the results of the paper that teachers had challenges with teaching and availability of learning resources, such as limited access to internet and socio-economic backgrounds, which hindered the integration of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in the teaching and learning process. There were also challenges related to teachers’ background on the usage of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the lack of school management teams support. The paper revealed that the integration of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in teaching and learning was affected negatively by the existence of the above-mentioned challenges, which needs to be addressed. Conclusions Therefore, we recommended that the government and stakeholders within the education sector provide resources such as smart-boards, computers, and network access in schools lacking such facilities, as well as providing professional development interventions and training teachers to have an in-depth understanding of the Fourth Industrial Revolution within the teaching and learning context.
The effect of Vitamin D levels on the course of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients – a 1-year prospective cohort study
Authors: Siuka Darko , Saletinger Rajko , Uršič Jure , Jevnikar Kristina , Janša Rado , Štubljar David , Osredkar Joško
Published: July 2024

Background: The aim of the current study was to assess the patients with COVID-19 and the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the course of COVID-19. Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 between December 2020 and December 2021. Patients' demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters were analysed. Results: 301 participants were enrolled in the study. 46 (15,3%) had moderate, and 162 (53,8%) had severe COVID-19. 14 (4,7%) patients died, and 30 (10,0%) were admitted to the ICU due to disease worsening. The majority needed oxygen therapy (n=224; 74,4%). Average vitamin 25(OH)D3 levels were below optimal at the admittance, and vitamin D deficiency was detected in 205 individuals. More male patients were suffering from vitamin D deficiency. Patients with the more severe disease showed lower levels of vitamin 25(OH)D3 in their blood. The most severe group of patients had more symptoms that lasted significantly longer with progressing disease severity. This group of patients also suffered from more deaths, ICU admissions, and treatments with dexamethasone, remdesivir, and oxygen. Conclusion: Patients with the severe course of COVID-19 were shown to have increased inflammatory parameters, increased mortality, and higher incidence of vitamin D deficiency. The results suggest that the vitamin D deficiency might represent a significant risk factor for a severe course of COVID-19.
An Insight into developmental changes in reasoning skills among Indian Preschoolers: A cross-sectional study using a story-based approach
Authors: Prasanna Aparna , Bajaj Gagan , Anakkathil Anil Malavika , Bhat Jayashree S
Published: July 2024

Background: Considering the importance of exploring the development of reasoning skills during preschool period and the suitability of using a culturally linguistically relevant story-based approach for the same, the present research intended to profile the reasoning skills in typically developing Indian preschool children between 36 and 72 months using a story-based approach. The specific objectives were to determine the test-retest and inter-rater reliability of reasoning tasks within an existing story-based cognitive-communicative assessment tool and to use this tool to assess the reasoning skills of typically developing Indian preschool children. Method: Reasoning tasks across explanation, prediction and inference domains were evaluated for its psychometric properties and administered to 63 typically developing Indian preschool children attending English medium schools in Mangalore. The preschoolers were equally divided into three age groups. The responses obtained across the age groups were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: The developed tasks were confirmed to have good psychometric properties like test-retest and inter-rater reliability. The age comparisons of reasoning abilities using one-way ANOVA suggested an increase in reasoning abilities with age during the preschool period. The qualitative analysis further suggested that with increasing age, the nature of reasoning changed from content-based reasoning to reasoning based on prior knowledge which was integrated with the story content. Conclusion: The study describes reasoning skill development using a story-based task in Indian preschoolers. The study findings further provide clinical and educational implications to assess and foster reasoning abilities among preschoolers.
Case Report: Endovascular approach with kissing stent technique in aortoiliac occlusive disease (Leriche syndrome) patient
Authors: Dakota Iwan , Taofan Taofan , Indriani Suci , Afandy Jonathan Edbert , Al Jaidi Yislam , Adiarto Suko , Sukmawan Renan
Published: July 2024

Background: Aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD) or Leriche syndrome, is a peripheral artery disease, specifically affecting the infrarenal aorta and iliac arteries. Presentation of AIOD patients ranged from asymptomatic to having limb-threatening emergencies. Advances and innovations in endovascular devices have replaced surgical approach for AIOD treatment. Here we reported a 52-year-old man presenting with AIOD managed by endovascular approach using kissing stent technique. Case presentation: A 52-year-old man, with history of chronic coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, long-standing hypertension, and who was a heavy smoker, was admitted to our hospital with symptoms of long time with bilateral claudication and became leg rest pain. He had history of aorto-infrarenal occlusion known from previous percutaneous coronary intervention from right and left femoral artery access. Aortoiliac occlusive disease (TASC II Type D Class) diagnosis was made by lower extremity duplex ultrasound and CT angiography. The patient underwent urgent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with kissing stent technique. The patient was discharged 4 days after the procedure without any significant complaints, received optimal medical treatment, and was educated about smoking cessation. Conclusion: Treatment of AIOD should include both modification of risk factors and efforts to increase perfusion to the lower extremities. An endovascular approach is an excellent alternative and may replace surgical approach in complex aortoiliac obstructive disease. In this case report, an endovascular approach with kissing stent technique showed good results for the patient.
Non-tuberculous mycobacterium isolations from tuberculosis presumptive cases at the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Kenya, 2018â2019
Authors: Kamau George , Mwangi Zakayo , Bargul Joel , owiny Maurice , Mukiri Nellie , Kathure Immaculate , Khamala Beatrice , Mwanyalu Nassoro , Kiplimo Richard , Lihana Raphael
Published: July 2024

Background: Mycobacterial pathogens are among the top causes of diseases in humans. In Kenya, incidences of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) species have steadily been on the increase. Most NTMare resistant to first line treatment of tuberculosis and have a challenge in timely and accurate diagnosis. Misdiagnosis has led to prescribing anti-tuberculosis regimens to patients suffering from NTM. We aimed to determine the most prevalent Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterium in Kenya. Methods: We reviewed records from the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory(NTRL ) Laboratory information management system (LIMS) between January 2018 and December 2019 for the patients on surveillance. All isolates were cultured in Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tubes (MGIT) and incubated for detection using BACTEC™ MGIT™ system. Those with negative acid-fast bacilli (AFB) growth and negative for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex Species (MTBC) protein-MPT64 were suggestive of NTM infections, which were sub-cultured in MGIT and characterized using Line Probe Assay (LPA) GenoType® MTBDR CM/AS. Descriptive and bivariate analysis was done. Results: Of the total 24,549 records reviewed, 167(0.7%) were NTM isolates. Males comprised of 74.2% (124/167), and the mean age was 42 years (SD±16), age group 35-44 years had the highest NTM at 26.3% (44/167). Nairobi had 12.6% (21/167), Mombasa 10.8% (18/167), Kilifi and Meru each had 7.8% (13/167). Eleven isolated species comprised of Mycobacterium intracellulare 35.3% (65/167), M. fortuitum at 27% (48/167), and M. scrofulaceum at 10.2% (17/167). Previously treated patients had higher NTM [63.5% (106/167)] than Drug-resistant follow-up patients [26.9% (45/167)]. Coinfection with HIV was at 27.5% (46/167). Conclusion: Previously treated patients should have an additional screening of NTMS, and drug susceptibility testing should be done before initiation of treatment.
Treatment of acute high risk sub-massive pulmonary embolism with balloon angioplasty and thrombolysis simultaneously
Authors: Arokiaraj Mark Christopher
Published: July 2024

Background: Acute sub-massive pulmonary embolism is a common clinical condition, and it is associated with high mortality and morbidity. This condition is commonly associated with various co-morbidities and clinical circumstances. Methods: This is a case report series of 4 patients, wherein the thrombolysis and balloon angioplasty was performed simultaneously using a Cordis 6F diagnostic catheter and later exchanged with a 6F guide catheter in the respective pulmonary artery when a larger balloon was required. Results: All these four patients achieved successful revascularization of the respective pulmonary artery. One patient expired 30 hours after the procedure with a significant reduction in the symptoms suddenly, which was likely a second episode of pulmonary embolism. No bleeding manifestations were observed in any of the patients. The other three patients are on follow-up. Conclusion: Simultaneous coronary balloon dilatation and thrombolysis is a useful method in the treatment of high risk submassive acute pulmonary embolism. If needed, higher caliber balloons can be used for the same technique using guide catheters.
Case Series: Severe meibomian gland loss in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients on estrogen-progesterone therapy: A case series
Authors: Sandhu Japmehr Kaur , Singh Swati , Basu Sayan
Published: July 2024

Purpose: To report the ocular surface and meibomian gland changes in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women taking hormone supplementation. Methods: Case series. Results: Three women (27 ± 11 years) already diagnosed with PCOS presented with dry eye symptoms (mean OSDI, 37.5) for a mean duration of 13 months and were taking hormonal supplements for a mean duration of 60 ± 11 months. The hormonal supplements included oral estrogen (n=3), oral progesterone (n=3), antiandrogen cyproterone (n=1) and isotretinoin (n=1). Ocular surface evaluation revealed mean NIBUT of 9.9 ± 1.6 seconds and mean TMH of 0.27 ± 0.05 mm, assessed non-invasively using Oculus keratograph 5M (K5M). Meibography (K5M) showed near total loss of all meibomian glands (n=8/12 eyelids) with residual ghost glands in all four eyelids of two patients, and gland shortening alone in one patient. The gland morphology did not change following intense thermal pulsation treatment or cessation of hormonal therapy. Conclusions: Near-total irreversible meibomian gland loss was seen in two young PCOS women taking hormonal supplements. Collaboration between ophthalmologists and gynecologists is advisable for early detection and better understanding of dry eye disease (DED) progression in these patients.
Scoutknife: A naïve, whole genome informed phylogenetic robusticity metric
Authors: Fleming James , Eriksen Pia Merete , Struck Torsten Hugo
Published: July 2024

Background: The phylogenetic bootstrap, first proposed by Felsenstein in 1985, is a critically important statistical method in assessing the robusticity of phylogenetic datasets. Core to its concept was the use of pseudo sampling - assessing the data by generating new replicates derived from the initial dataset that was used to generate the phylogeny. In this way, phylogenetic support metrics could overcome the lack of perfect, infinite data. With infinite data, however, it is possible to sample smaller replicates directly from the data to obtain both the phylogeny and its statistical robusticity in the same analysis. Due to the growth of whole genome sequencing, the depth and breadth of our datasets have greatly expanded and are set to only expand further. With genome-scale datasets comprising thousands of genes, we can now obtain a proxy for infinite data. Accordingly, we can potentially abandon the notion of pseudo sampling and instead randomly sample small subsets of genes from the thousands of genes in our analyses. Methods: We introduce Scoutknife, a jackknife-style subsampling implementation that generates 100 datasets by randomly sampling a small number of genes from an initial large-gene dataset to jointly establish both a phylogenetic hypothesis and assess its robusticity. We assess its effectiveness by using 18 previously published datasets and 100 simulation studies. Results: We show that Scoutknife is conservative and informative as to conflicts and incongruence across the whole genome, without the need for subsampling based on traditional model selection criteria. Conclusions: Scoutknife reliably achieves comparable results to selecting the best genes on both real and simulation datasets, while being resistant to the potential biases caused by selecting for model fit. As the amount of genome data grows, it becomes an even more exciting option to assess the robusticity of phylogenetic hypotheses.
Investigate the efficiency of primary care facilities in emergency situations by application of geographical and demographic standards using GIS
Authors: Jarghon Ali E. M. , Damayanti Nyoman Anita , Dhamanti Inge , Awad Anas M. M.
Published: July 2024

Background This study applied geographical standards (coverage distance) and demographic standards to investigate the capabilities of primary healthcare facilities to cover the largest area of the study area and the service area that can be accessed. This study was conducted to find out the sufficient number of primary healthcare (PHC) centers required to provide healthcare services to the entire community. Methods Data was obtained by applying geographic information system (GIS) techniques to analyze primary care facilities using the demographic and geographic standards for primary care facilities. Results PHC centers cover 79% of the study area according to the geographical standard. The study area needs 41 additional centers to cover the shortfall in service provision per the demographic and geographic standards. Conclusions A significant deficiency in the number of primary care centers found in the study area compared to the large population at the geographical and demographic standards level.
Case Report: Masseter hypertrophy: A case and review
Authors: Sonar Prasanna R. , Panchbhai Aarati S.
Published: July 2024

Masseter muscle hypertrophy is a rare condition with no known etiology that has become more prevalent due to growing aesthetic concerns. It is distinguished by either unilaterally or bilaterally enlarged masseter muscles. Its origin is still unknown. This study discusses a clinically confirmed case of unilateral masseter muscle hypertrophy and provides an outline of the condition's etiology, prevalence, diagnosis, and course of treatment.
Case Report: Solid pseudo-papillary tumor of the pancreas
Authors: Ghanney Olfa , Saad Rim , Ben A mor soumaya , Mayada Trimech
Published: July 2024

Solid pseudo-papillary tumors (SPT) of the pancreas are rare neoplasms accounting for less than 2% of all pancreatic tumors and primarily affecting young women. They are generally characterized by a clinical and radiological polymorphism. In most cases, complete surgical resection is curative. We report a case of a young woman presenting with a pancreatic tumor revealed through a vague non-specific abdominal pain. The diagnosis was based on the histological examination of the surgically-removed piece.
The moderating effect of entrepreneurial motivation on the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and behaviour: An extension of the theory of planned behaviour on emerging economy
Authors: Nayak Pushparaj M. , Joshi Harish G. , Nayak Madhukara , Gil Mathew Thomas
Published: July 2024

Background The study investigates the influence of antecedents of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and personality traits on entrepreneurial intention and behaviour among engineering students in an emerging economy. It employs the extension of the TPB model by focusing on the intention-behaviour gap, an under-researched area in research. Furthermore, it investigates the moderating effect of entrepreneurial motivation on the relationship between intention and behaviour to improve conceptual model predictability. Methods A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from 1,564 engineering students, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) with Amos software. Results The results revealed that subjective norms were the strongest predictor of entrepreneurial intention and behaviour, followed by entrepreneurial alertness, perceived behavioural control, attitude towards entrepreneurship, need for achievement, and risk tolerance. Moreover, the moderation analysis showed that entrepreneurial motivation was crucial in moderating the relationship between intention and behaviour. Conclusions The present conceptual model contributes to the existing TPB model by improving predictive power to understand the intention-behaviour relationship. The results of the study will assist policymakers, academicians of higher education institutions, and universities in developing policies, strategies, and curricula to engage more students in entrepreneurial activities.
Antibacterial and anti-virulence potential of plant phenolic compounds against Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: Vazquez-Armenta F. Javier , Aros-Corrales M. Olivia , Alvarez-Ainza M. Lizeth , Bernal-Mercado A. Thalia , Ayala-Zavala J. Fernando , Ochoa-Leyva Adrian , Lopez-Zavala A. Alexis
Published: July 2024

Background: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a pathogenic bacterium that affects shrimp aquaculture; its infection can lead to severe production losses of up to 90%. On the other hand, plant phenolic compounds have emerged as a promising alternative to combat bacterial infections. The antibacterial and anti-virulence activity of the plant phenolic compounds quercetin, morin, vanillic acid, and protocatechuic acid against two strains of V. parahaemolyticus (Vp124 and Vp320) was evaluated. Methods: The broth microdilution test was carried out to determine phenolic compounds' antibacterial activity. Moreover, the biofilm-forming ability of V. parahaemolyticus strains in the presence of phenolic compounds was determined by total biomass staining assay using the cationic dye crystal violet. The semisolid agar displacement technique was used to observe the effect of phenolic compounds on the swimming-like motility of V. parahaemolyticus. Results: Results showed that phenolic compounds inhibited both strains effectively, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.8 to 35.03 mM. Furthermore, at 0.125 – 0.5 × MIC of phenolic compounds, V. parahaemolyticus biofilms biomass was reduced by 63.22 – 92.68%. Also, quercetin and morin inhibited the motility of both strains by 15.86 – 23.64% (Vp124) and 24.28 – 40.71% (Vp320). Conclusions: The results suggest that quercetin, morin, vanillic, and protocatechuic acids may be potential agents for controlling V. parahaemolyticus.
Case Report: Hives and faints, an unusual affair
Authors: Toshniwal Saket , Kinkar Jiwan , Kumar Sunil , Acharya Sourya , Tikas Madhukar , Sahai Isha , Ghosh Benumadhab , Naseri Suhit
Published: July 2024

Cholinergic urticaria (CholU) is a rare condition characterized by itchy hives in the form of 1-4 mm small, raised wheals on skin, which are short-lived for duration of 15 to 20 minutes; they are caused by stimuli associated with sweating such as from physical exercise. CholU is also known as cholinergic angioedema urticaria. Hereby, we present a case report of a 42-year-old male with ChoIU who presented with systemic manifestation in the form of recurrent attacks of syncope. Diagnosis was made after a detailed history taking and all cardiac and neurological evaluations done that were normal, and widespread literature research was done to rule out other causes of syncope as systemic symptoms are rarely seen in ChoIU. His IgE antibodies levels were highly increased. He was managed with nonsedating antihistamines and health education regarding the rare condition.
Intention for internal whistleblowing to report sexual violence in higher education institutions: a Nigerian national study
Authors: Ogunfowokan Adesola A. , Garba Saleh N. , Orisadare Monica A. , Adeleke Ayobami G. , Samson-Akpan Patience E. , Olatubi Mathew O. , Salau Omowumi R. , Titilayo Ayotunde
Published: July 2024

Background Sexual violence is prevalent in higher education institutions in Nigeria and stakeholders have encouraged staff and students to blow the whistle whenever they fall victim to or are aware of any sexual violence case. However, there is lack of data about whether the staff and students of these institutions have the intention to blow the whistle internally (within the institution) or not. There is also a lack of data on the existing reporting mechanisms or preferred whistleblowing mechanisms in these institutions. These have hindered the analysis of stakeholders’ opinions on this topic. Methods This data note presents a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative data set collected from staff and students of three categories of government owned higher education institutions (Universities, Polytechnics, Colleges of Education) in Nigeria. Data collection was between February and December, 2021, during which quantitative data were collected from 21,937 students and 3,108 staff. Qualitatively, 138 students and 111 staff participated in a total of 35 focus group discussion sessions. The study provides unique information on respondents’ attitude, self-efficacy, and subjective norm to sexual violence whistleblowing. It also provides information on self-reported sexual violence experiences, whistleblowing intention, reporting systems in higher institutions and the preferred sexual violence whistleblowing mechanisms. Conclusions In this data note, we provide a detailed account of the variables in the dataset and then highlight the potential of this study to contribute to improved sexual violence reporting in higher education institutions, thereby reducing the occurrence of the social menace.
Case Report: Disseminated hydatid cyst: Unusual presentation and therapeutic challenges
Authors: Mohamed Babiker Anas , Abdelrahman Amro , Abdalkarim Asmaa , Algaly Gufran , Sanosi Amin , Mohamed Abdalla Elhassan , Zaki Hany A , Elgassim Moayad , Abdeen Muhnad , Elgassim Mohamed
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, is a parasitic disease prevalent in endemic regions. CE frequently leads to the formation of hydatid cysts in various organs, with the liver being the most commonly affected site. Involvement of the spleen has been rarely reported in the literature. Managing disseminated hydatid cyst disease presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Case presentation: A 40-year-old female with a past medical history of hypothyroidism presented with sudden onset shortness of breath, dry cough, and chest pain for 3 days. She had a recent travel history to Egypt. Physical examination revealed mild right upper quadrant tenderness. Laboratory findings showed elevated white blood cell count with eosinophilia and increased inflammatory markers. Chest X-ray and pan-computed tomography (Pan-CT) scans identified multiple cystic lesions in the lung, liver and spleen. Serological tests confirmed the presence of anti-Echinococcus antibodies, leading to a diagnosis of disseminated hydatid cyst disease. The patient was managed medically and surgically by a multidisciplinary team. Conclusion: Disseminated hydatid cyst disease, though rare, presents complex diagnostic and management challenges. Timely recognition, supported by clinical, radiological, and serological assessments, is essential. Surgical intervention should be considered in a patient when multiple extrahepatic cysts are present, and rupture is evident, as this approach can significantly reduce patient morbidity and mitigate life-threatening complications.
Exploring The Legal Landscape of Islamic Fintech in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Analysis of Policies and Regulations
Authors: Fidhayanti Dwi , Mohd Noh Mohd Shahid , Ramadhita Ramadhita , Bachri Syabbul
Published: July 2024

The rapid growth of Islamic fintech in Indonesia necessitates a comprehensive examination of the policy and regulatory framework from a legal perspective. This study explores the legal landscape of Islamic fintech in Indonesia, analyzing the current policies and regulations governing this emerging sector. Using normative legal research with a statutory approach and conceptual approach. The primary and secondary legal materials, including government reports and scholarly articles, this research evaluates recent policy developments and regulatory initiatives supporting Islamic fintech. It identifies gaps and areas for improvement, drawing from best practices and regulatory approaches adopted by other countries with successful Islamic fintech ecosystems. Based on the findings, this research proposes recommendations to enhance the policy and regulatory framework. These include collaboration between regulatory bodies and industry stakeholders, tailored licensing frameworks, enhanced consumer protection mechanisms, and promotion of innovation in Shariah-compliant financial products and services. This study contributes to understanding the legal landscape of Islamic fintech in Indonesia, offering a comprehensive analysis of existing policies and regulations. By addressing challenges and proposing solutions, it aims to facilitate the growth of Islamic fintech and foster an inclusive and sustainable financial ecosystem in Indonesia.
Life of Pi: Exploring functions of Pi16+ fibroblasts
Authors: McCartney Erika E. , Chung Yein , Buechler Matthew B.
Published: July 2024

Fibroblasts are mesenchymal cells that are responsible for creating and maintaining tissue architecture through the production of extracellular matrix. These cells also play critical roles in processes such as wound repair and immune modulation in normal tissues and various disease states including fibrosis, autoimmunity, and cancer. Fibroblasts have a complex repertoire of functions that vary by organ, inflammatory state, and the developmental stage of an organism. How fibroblasts manage so many functions in such a context-dependent manner represents a gap in our understanding of these cells. One possibility is that a tissue-resident precursor cell state exists that provides the fibroblast lineage with flexibility during growth, inflammation, or other contexts that require dynamic tissue changes. Recent work has suggested that a precursor fibroblast cell state is marked by expression of Peptidase inhibitor 16 (Pi16). This review aims to concatenate and compare studies on fibroblasts that express Pi16 to clarify the roles of this cell state in fibroblast lineage development and other functions.
Correlation of therapeutic pressure between home automatic positive airway pressure and in laboratory polysomnography manual titration in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Pugongchai Apiwat , Leelasittikul Kanyada , Saiphoklang Narongkorn
Published: July 2024

Background Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) at home might be an alternative choice to identify optimal treatment pressure for OSA patients requiring CPAP treatment. Data on the association of effective treatment pressure between laboratory polysomnography (in-lab PSG) and home APAP has been limited. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of effective CPAP pressure between in-lab PSG and home APAP. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted. OSA participants aged 18 years or older who required CPAP therapy were included. Patients underwent in-lab PSG with manual CPAP titration to identify an effective treatment pressure. Patients also underwent APAP at home for 2 weeks to identify 95 percentile treatment pressure as an effective pressure. Results Fifty OSA patients (82% male) were included. Mean age was 48.9±14.6 years. Body mass index was 28.7±6.1 kg/m2. Polysomnographic data showed the effective treatment pressure of 10.4±2.9 cmH2O and the apnea-hypopnea index was 55.1±29.0 events/hour. Severe OSA was 76%. Home APAP data showed effective treatment pressure of 10.8±1.8 cmH2O. There was positive correlation of effective pressure between home APAP and in-lab PSG (r=0.472, P=0.001). The equation for predicting an in-lab effective pressure was: predicted pressure (cmH2O) = 2 + (home APAP ⁎ 0.78). Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between them, with a low mean difference of -0.428 cmH2O and 96% within the limit of agreement. Conclusions Home APAP pressure is moderately positively correlated with in-lab PSG effective pressure. The accuracy of home APAP is in agreement with in-lab PSG with manual CPAP titration. This APAP might be able to determine an effective therapeutic pressure in the sleep laboratory for OSA treatment.
The comparison study on accuracy of peak expiratory flow rate measurement by PRAAN, spirometry, and the mini-Wright peak flow meter
Authors: Chaiparnich Sirawich , Poachanukoon Orapan , Manasilp Natcha , Saiphoklang Narongkorn , Tantibundhit Charturong , Vatcharavongvan Pasitpon , Kunumpol Pattapol , Plienphanich Phongpan , Pugongchai Apiwat , Leelasittikul Kanyada , Prompoom Nantavat
Published: July 2024

Background PRAAN, a digital peak flow meter, was developed to measure peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) for asthma monitoring. This study aimed to compare PRAAN’s accuracy to that of spirometry and the mini-Wright peak flow meter for PEFR measurement. Methods Two cross-sectional studies were conducted in 106 healthy adult participants. Study A (n=56) compared PRAAN with spirometry, while study B (n=50) compared PRAAN with the mini-Wright peak flow meter. PEFR values were collected using crossover studies. Pearson’s correlation and Bland-Altman plots were used to report the relationship and agreement between two measurements, respectively. Results In study A, 51.8% were female, mean age was 24.3±5.6 years, and PEFR was 480.3±86.8 L/min. PEFR measured by PRAAN had very strongly positive correlation with spirometry (r=0.980, P<0.001). Bland-Altman analysis showed that there was good agreement between them, with a low mean difference of -7.07 liters/minute (95% CI: -40.58 to 26.44 liters/minute) and 92.9%, which were within the limit of agreement (LOA). In study B, 54.0% were female, mean age was 23.5±2.4 years, and PEFR was 495.1±82.7 L/min. PEFR measured by PRAAN and by the mini-Wright peak flow meter showed very strongly positive correlation (r=0.971, P<0.001). Bland-Altman comparison of PEFR between these two measurements showed that there was a very good agreement between them, with a low mean difference of 0.84 liters/minute (95% CI: -38.68 to 40.38 liters/minute) and 94.0%, which were within LOA. Conclusions The accuracy of PRAAN is in the agreement with spirometry and the mini-Wright peak flow meter. The clinical application of PRAAN may potentially lead to a monitoring strategy that healthcare providers can use to improve the management of asthma.
Exploring the acceptance of robotic assisted surgery among the Indian population: An empirical investigation
Authors: Nayak Smitha , Nayak Vinod C. , G. S. Sathvika
Published: July 2024

Background Technology has completely transformed healthcare, starting with X-ray machines and MRIs to telehealth and robotic surgeries to e-health records. The launch of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) serves as a milestone in medical history, offering benefits such as smaller incisions, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery, making it a preferred surgical option. This study mainly explores patients’ willingness to adopt robot-assisted surgery (RAS) technology in a surgical intervention and is assessed in the backdrop of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Methods This research project employs a post-positivist research philosophy and a cross-sectional research design. A structured, pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data from 280 respondents. Results The results revealed that trust had a significant impact on Perceived Usefulness (β = 0.099) and Perceived Ease of Use (β = .157), and eHealth literacy had a significant impact on Perceived Ease of Use (β = 0.438) and Perceived Usefulness (β = 0.454). Additionally, Perceived Usefulness partially influenced behavioral intention (β = 0.123), and attitude had a significant influence on behavioral intention (β = 0.612). The analysis revealed an insignificant impact of eHealth literacy on Perceived Usefulness (β = 0.067). The Standard Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) value was <0.8. Mediation analysis also revealed partial mediation between the constructs. The SRMR rating of this model is 0.067, indicating that it fits the data well. Conclusion This study revealed that a patient's intention will be high if he or she believes that RAS is beneficial in treating his or her ailment. In comparison, information related to RAS is clearly known, and it does not directly affect selection intention. eHealth literacy is a significant antecedent to patients’ behavioral intention. Hence, the healthcare industry must devise strategies to promote the acceptance of RAS at all levels.
A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform (PPP2R5D) for use in Western Blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence
Authors: Ayoubi Riham , Fotouhi Maryam , Alende Charles , Southern Kathleen , Laflamme Carl ,   NeuroSGC/YCharOS/EDDU collaborative group,   ABIF consortium
Published: July 2024

Protein phosphatase 2A is a serine/threonine phosphatase with activity dependent on an associated regulatory subunit, serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta (δ) isoform (PPP2R5D). PPP2R5D is the δ isoform in the B56 family of regulatory subunits. Abundantly expressed in the brain and involved in a broad range of cellular processes, PPP2R5D plays an essential role in modulating key neuronal pathways and signalling. Pathogenic mutations in the PPP2R5D gene are linked to clinical symptoms characterized by neurodevelopmental delay, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorders. The etiology of these genetic disorders remains unknown, which can partly be due to the lack of independently characterized antibodies. Here we have characterized six PPP2R5D commercial antibodies for Western Blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence using a standardized experimental protocol based on comparing read-outs in knockout cell lines and isogenic parental controls. These studies are part of a larger, collaborative initiative seeking to address antibody reproducibility by characterizing commercially available antibodies for human proteins and publishing the results openly as a resource for the scientific community. While use of antibodies and protocols vary between laboratories, we encourage readers to use this report as a guide to select the most appropriate antibodies for their specific needs.
Mapping Vulnerability to Potential Crisis Events in Surabaya City: A GIS-Based Approach
Authors: Jarghon Ali E. M. , Damayanti Nyoman Anita , Dhamanti Inge , Notobroto Hari Basuki , Hidajah Atik Choirul , Awad Anas M. M.
Published: July 2024

Background This study aims to develop a vulnerability map for Surabaya using GIS-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to assess the city’s vulnerability to COVID-19. Methods Six key factors influencing vulnerability were identified and their relative importance determined through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) pairwise comparison matrix. GIS was utilized to classify Surabaya’s vulnerability into five levels: very low, low, medium, high, and very high. Results The resulting vulnerability map provides essential insights for decision-makers, healthcare professionals, and disaster management teams. It enables strategic resource allocation, targeted interventions, and formulation of comprehensive response strategies tailored to specific needs of vulnerable districts. Conclusions Through these measures, Surabaya can enhance its resilience and preparedness, ensuring the well-being of its residents in the face of potential emergency outbreaks.
Molecular docking studies and molecular dynamic simulation analysis: To identify novel ATP-competitive inhibition of Glycogen synthase kinase-3β for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Shri Suggala Ramya , Nayak Yogendra , Ranganath Pai Sreedhara
Published: July 2024

Background The discovery of an ideal and effective therapy is urgently required for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The main pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease that appear before the clinical symptoms are neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid plaques, brain inflammation, and neuronal atrophy throughout the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. GSK-3β (Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β) is regarded as the most important and promising target for therapeutic use because GSK-3β expression levels increase with age and are the most abundant and hyperactive in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods We used Maestro, which is Schrodinger, for our computational simulation studies. In the present work, we have used different modules that were used in previous studies with a little modification, the modules such as Protein Preparation with the help of Protein Preparation Wizard, Ligand Preparation with the help of LigPrep, for ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion) prediction we used Qikprop, Docking studies we used Glide module, Binding energy prediction we used Prime and Molecular dynamic simulation studies by Desmond Results Our focus is mainly on an in-silico approach, focusing on library generation; we first drew an imidazo [1,5-a]pyridine-3-carboxamide (IMID 2) scaffold structure at Enamine and subjected it to a substructure search to target the receptor grid region (ATP-competitive site) of 6Y9R. They were then subjected to various screening processes. Finally, we selected nine compounds and subjected them to molecular dynamic simulation studies. Conclusions Nine compounds showed good results with the most stable interactions. Further experiments and studies are required to confirm these results.
Exploring virtual funding committee practices in the allocation of National Institute for Health and Care Research funding: A netnographic study
Authors: Blatch-Jones Amanda Jane , Boxall Cherish , Asante Emmanuel , Meadmore Katie
Published: July 2024

Background Funding committees, comprising members with a range of knowledge, skills, and experience, are considered integral to the decision-making process of funding organisations for recommending or allocating research funding. However, there is limited research investigating the decision-making processes, the role of members and their social interactions during funding committee meetings conducted both virtually and face-to-face. Methods Using a mixed-methods design and following netnography principles, the study observed nine National Institute for Health and Care Research programmes funding committee meetings conducted virtually during October 2020 to December 2021; complemented by interviews with committee chairs and members (18 interviews) and NIHR staff (12 interviews); an online survey (50 responses); and documentary analysis. Personal reflections through immersive journals also formed part of the analysis. Results Three main themes were identified from the observations, interviews, and online survey: efficiency of virtual committee meetings (importance of preparation, and the role of formality, process, and structure); understanding the effect of virtual committee meetings on well-being (effects of fatigue and apprehension, and the importance of work life balance); understanding social interactions and engagement (levels of engagement, contribution and inclusivity, awareness of unconscious bias and the value of social networking). Conclusions Examining the decision-making practices of one funding organisation across several research programmes, across multiple committee meetings over one year has generated new insights around funding committee practices that previous studies have not been able to explore or investigate. Overall, it was observed that fair and transparent funding recommendations and outcomes can be achieved through virtual funding committees. However, whilst virtual funding committees have many benefits and opportunities, such as the potential to increase membership diversity and inclusivity, and be more environmentally sustainable, more evidence is needed to evaluate their effectiveness, with particular focus on issues of fatigue, engagement, and committee cohesion, especially when new committee members join.
Computational Evaluation For The Survival Times Of Patients Under Truncated Life Tests: Simulation And Application
Authors: Zaka Azam , Jabeen Riffat
Published: July 2024

Background Statistical process control (SPC) is utiled in manufacturing and service applications. It is used to monitor the behavior of the process, also to discover and solve the issues in internal systems. SPC allows immediate corrective actions to prevent defects and maintain process stability. There are two types of control charts are available in the literature: variable control charts and attribute control charts. Methods The use of attribute control charts for two positively skewed distributions such as power function distribution and weighted power function distribution is discussed in this research paper. We compared the behavior of both types of control charts and presented the results in form of tables. Results We conclude that control charts under a weighted power function distribution perform better than control charts using a power function distribution. Furthermore, these results will help in the early detection of errors that enhance the process reliability of the telecommunications and financing industries.
Cheating and plagiarism in higher education institutions (HEIs): A literature review
Authors: Sozon Md , Mohammad Alkharabsheh Omar Hamdan , Fong Pok Wei , Chuan Sia Bee
Published: July 2024

Cheating and plagiarism have become serious problems in higher education institutions (HEIs). It affects educational quality as well as the reputation of higher education. The purpose of this study is to identify the most prevalent types of cheating and plagiarism, as well as the elements that contribute to cheating and plagiarism, and to present solutions to this recurring problem. This paper systematically reviews 45 articles published from 2018, to 2022, aligned with the PRISMA guidelines in the selection, filtering, and reporting of the papers. This review shows that factors such as increased pressure on students, poor academic integrity awareness, lack of up-to-date academic honor codes, and the unethical application of AI tools are prime contributing factors to cheating and plagiarism in HEIs. In a broader sense, all these factors are classified as individual, social, cultural, institutional, and technological factors that are responsible for this problem. This problem can be reduced by establishing ethical and moral development tutorials as well as formulating up-to-date honor codes considering AI tools. Furthermore, higher education institutions must develop anti-plagiarism detection software in order to detect plagiarism and aid students in improving academic writing and paraphrasing approaches. The findings of this systematic literature review provide useful insights for educators and policymakers to solve the complicated issue of cheating and plagiarism in higher education institutions.