bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strengthand operational reliabilityofbimetallicthermoconverters
Authors: Drobenko Bogdan
Published: December 2023

As a result of different physical and mechanical characteristics of the components, the bimetallic contact thermoconverter deforms when heated, and its displacement carryinformation aboutthe measured temperature of anobject or environment. However, thermal stresses often lead to a violation of the bond strength between the component plates of the thermoconverter and cause a partial or complete break between them. In order to increase the operational reliability of the thermometric system, it is proposed to make a gap between the plates, to make the plate with a higher coefficient of thermal expansion in the form of sections that abut against the edges made on a plate with a lower coefficient of thermal expansion, thanks to which the thermoconverter maintains its integrity. Due to this structural design, the thermoconverter has significantly higher reliability and performance under long-term cyclic heat load. Using the means of mathematical and computer modeling within the limits of the theory of thermoelasticity, the strength of the proposed design of the bimetallic heat exchanger was investigated. It is shown that due to such a design, the thermoconverter maintains its integrity up to temperatures of the order of 850 °C.
Comparative analysis of the approximation of derivatives of Caputo and Riemann-Liouville fractional orders in the bases of biorthogonal polynomials
Authors: Sobko Valentina
Published: December 2023

On the basis of the model problem, a comparative analysis of the use of the spectral method in the basis of orthogonal polynomials for calculating the derivatives of fractional orders of Caputo and Riemann-Liouville was carried out. The rate of convergence of the approximation was analyzed
AdaptationofFouriertransformforreproducingnon-periodicsignals
Authors: Khomiuk Denys
Published: December 2023

TheFastFourierTransform(FFT)isawidelyusedalgorithmforspectralanalysisandsignalprocessing.However,theFFTislimitedtoanalyzingperiodicsignalsandisnotsuitablefornon-periodicsignals.Inrecentyears,varioustechniqueshavebeendevelopedtoaddressthislimitationandimprovetheaccuracyofnon-periodicfunctionapproximation.Inthisarticle,wereviewthelimitationsofusingtheFFTfornon-periodicfunctionapproximationanddiscuss potentialfuturedirectionsforimprovement.WefirstprovideabriefoverviewoftheFFTanditslimitationsbeforeexploringalternativemethods,suchasthewindowedFouriertransform,theshort-timeFouriertransform,andmachinelearning-basedmethodsforfunctionapproximation.Wealsodiscusspotentialfuturedirectionsforimprovement,includingtheuseofhybridmethodsthatcombinetheFFTwithothertechniques,suchaswavelettransformsormachinelearning-basedapproaches.Finally,wediscusstheimplicationsofthesedevelopmentsforfutureresearchandapplications.OurreviewprovidesinsightsintothelimitationsoftheFFTfornon-periodicfunctionapproximationandhighlightsthepotentialforalternativemethods,suchasGeneticAlgorithms(GA),toovercometheselimitationsandimprovetheaccuracyoffunctionapproximation
Migration Management in the Western Balkan Region: The Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Gorokhov Stanislav A. , Agafoshin Maksim M. , Dmitriev Ruslan V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. For centuries, the Western Balkan region has been actively involved in international migration processes, mainly generating flows of migrants to other states. The European migration crisis has led to the region has become one of the main hub of transit migration from Asia and Africa to the European Union states. The European Union – a global center of gravity for migrants implement an active migration management policy in the region. The purpose of the article is to identify the impact of European Union policy towards the Western Balkans on the development of the migration crisis in the region as a whole and in Bosnia and Herzegovina in particular.

Materials and Methods. The study is based on statistical materials on migration of international and regional organizations. The analysis of the features of political regulation of migration in the region is carried out on systematic approach and content analysis of numerous declarations and treaties, as well as published scientific research.

Results. The study revealed that the externalization and securitization of migration policy carried out by the European Union leads to an aggravation of the crisis in the Western Balkans, which are actually turning into a buffer zone for deterring and filtering migrants. The strengthening of migration and border control in the region has led to the diversification of migration flows; as a result Bosnia and Herzegovina has become one of the main centers of transit migration.

Discussion and Conclusion. Bosnia and Herzegovina, following the course of joining the European Union, systematically takes all imposed decisions in the field of migration management. However, these deals lead to an increase in migration pressure on the country that it is not prepared due to its internal political and economic problems. Contradictions between the central and regional authorities of the country in fundamental issues of migration policy reinforce the tendencies towards its disintegration. Data on the scale of migration in the region, its analysis and conclusions on the principles of European Union migration policy will be useful to researchers in the field of migration processes, and can be used by government agencies for developing a Russian strategy for managing immigration processes.
Muslim Values in the Perception of Modern Tatar Youth: A Regional Aspect
Authors: Bareev Maxim Yu.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the small study of the influence of religious norms and values on the daily life of society. The process of spiritual integration while preserving the national socio-cultural identity of the Tatars actualized religious values in the mass consciousness. The approval of which determines the appeal to the traditional Muslim values for the Tatar population of the Republic of Mordovia. The purpose of the article is to determine the level and nature of the perception of Muslim values by the modern Tatar youth of the Republic of Mordovia based on the results of the study.

Materials and Methods. The article is based on the sociological study “Traditional Muslim values in the perception of modern Tatar youth” conducted by the author in October 2022. 100 people took part in the questionnaire survey. This method allowed to reproduce with high reliability the “micro-model” of the general population on the basis of pre-selected quotas reflecting socio-demographic characteristics of the object.

Results. A sufficiently high level of perception of Muslim values by modern Tatar youth has been revealed, in particular norms and values related to premarital and marital behavior, restrictions in nutrition and the manner of dressing, the fulfillment of other religious prescriptions, at the same time such value aspects as charity (helping one’s neighbor), the distribution of intra-family social roles in accordance with Sharia norms, they are very contradictory in nature, and generally do not find a high level of perception.

Discussion and Conclusion. The study showed that religion has a very significant impact on many aspects of the life of young Tatars. The data we have obtained will be useful to scholars researching religious practices as well as to teachers of Muslim religious and educational institutions.
A pikkelysömör pszichológiai vonatkozásai
Authors: Kohutics Karina , Rigó Adrien
Published: December 2023

A pikkelysömör a leggyakoribb autoinflammatorikus bőrbetegség. Krónikus bőrbetegség lévén a tünetek megfelelő menedzselése és a tünetmentes állapot elérése az elsődleges feladat, ami a modern kezelésekkel ma már megvalósulhat. A betegséggel együtt járó kihívások azonban jelentős életminőségromlással is társulhatnak. A tünetek miatt gyakran sérül a testkép, az énkép, a társas kapcsolatok és a mentális egészség, így az érintetteknek szükségük lehet a komplex ellátásra és a pszichológiai támogatásra is. Jelen tanulmány célja a betegség biopszichoszociális szempontú bemutatása, külön figyelmet szentelve a stressz potenciális szerepének, az életmódbeli faktoroknak és a lehetséges egészségpszichológiai intervencióknak.
The role of temperature on collector adsorption in galena flotation: Implications of seasonal temperature and climate change
Authors: Baltodano-Obregon Nicole , Ojeda Villegas Sandra Daniela , Uribe-Salas Alejandro
Published: December 2023

This research focuses on studying the effects of the operating temperature and preconditioning time on the adsorption kinetics of sodium diisobutyl dithiophosphinate and sodium isopropyl xanthate collectors on the surface of galena, using contact angle measurements. The results indicate a strong correlation between higher operating water temperature and increased contact angles, suggesting faster adsorption kinetics and heightened hydrophobicity. Statistical analysis underscores the significance of temperature and preconditioning time, both factors being statistically significant. This study delves into the intricate interaction between temperature fluctuations and collector adsorption, contributing to a deeper understanding of flotation processes within the Pb/Cu circuit during seasonal temperature variations.

Graphical abstract
Nonlinear Evolution of Fast Collective Neutrino Oscillations in Core-Collapse Supernovae
Authors: Azari Milad Delfan , Sasaki Hirokazu , Takiwaki Tomoya , Okawa Hirotada
Published: December 2023

According to one of the most promising supernova theories, the neutrino-heating mechanism, neutrinos are responsible for transferring the energy released during the gravitational collapse of massive stars to their surroundings. If neutrino flavors are converted fast in the cores, the efficiency of neutrino heating is enhanced and can change the dynamics of the shock wave in supernovae. In this article, we investigate the dynamics of fast neutrino flavor conversions with collisions under energy-dependent treatment in detail. For the first time, we use a realistic initial condition, which is taken from the results of the self-consistent, realistic Boltzmann simulations in two spatial dimensions under axisymmetry. We report that the neutrino flavor conversion will be significantly enhanced if the energy-dependent collision term is considered in the neutrino transport equation which has been ignored in previous studies. We present the preliminary results of our investigation here, which are consistent with other studies which were conducted under simple treatments. It is believed that such findings may have an impact on the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae, nucleosynthesis and neutrino astronomy.
Organizational change management model proposal: action-research in a public exam company.
Authors: Serrano Filho Eduardo de Souza , Junior Jorge Muniz , Martins Fernando Ramalho
Published: December 2023

Purpose – The presented research aimed to propose a model for organizational change management for a public examination company, which has experienced a significant increase in its activities and business environment in recent decades.
Design/methodology/approach – The adopted methodological approach was action research. The collected data allowed for the identification of the dominant culture within the organization and the assessment of its internal and external environment. This information informed the selection of an appropriate change management model.
Findings – Two results emerged from the research, one of general use and the other specific to the context: i. a method for choosing change management models, and ii. a detailed management model outlined for the analyzed organization.
Originality/value – The academic contribution consisted of developing a method for searching and selecting a management model. It is noteworthy that this method itself represents an initial outcome of the research with a high level of applicability, not limited to companies in the public examination sector. Regarding the final product, the selected and detailed model's primary contribution lies in guiding the organization in making adjustments to remain competitive and continue its operations. The outlined steps include the necessary care and attention to details in implementing changes, aiming to effectively contribute to the success of the adaptations required by the market scenario.
Keywords: Organizational change. Change management. Organizational culture.
INDUSTRIAL AND SERVICES MARKETING STRATEGIES: conceptual framework to analyze the impacts of B2B relationship in CNC machines segment
Authors: Veloso Ribeiro Ricardo , Piato Éderson Luiz , Lopes Pimenta Márcio , Fodra Marcelo
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The objective of this study is this propose a conceptual framework on the relationship between the strategic elements of services marketing and industrial marketing elements.

Methodology/Approach: A multi-case study was conducted on four multinational manufacturer companies of machinery and equipment, leaders in the segment in which they operate, and 9 business customers, with full participation of 29 professionals. The research was developed analyzing the services’ marketing strategies and their impact on the relationship, commitment, trust, price, cooperation and brand value, from the perspective of manufacturers and client companies.

Findings: The results showed that replacement items prices act directly on the relationship and the perception of the manufacturer's commitment to customers. Commitment and trust can be achieved through transparent and accurate communication, generating greater cooperation between the parties, which contributes to the long-lasting relationship.

Research limitations: The limitations of this study are the reduced number of buyers, in addition to the difficulties of access to large factories.

Practical implications: The study shows that the concepts of Marketing Strategies and Marketing B2B. This research proposes a framework on the relationship between the strategic elements of services marketing and industrial marketing elements.

Originality/ Value: There are few academic studies that demonstrate the influence of marketing strategies services in industrial exchanges (B2B). This paper proposes a conceptual framework on the relationship between the strategic elements of marketing services and industrial marketing elements.
Aggressive Practices and Consumer Protection: An Approach from Chilean Law
Authors:   Universidad Diego Portales, López Patricia
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to address aggressive practices directed at the consumer in Chilean law, formulating a notion of them, systematizing them from the harassment, coercion and undue influence that the provider exerts on the consumer and supporting the applicable protection. To achieve this purpose the dogmatic method and the examination of comparative legal systems that discipline them both in consumer and unfair competition, as well as Law N° 19.496 of the protection of consumer rights (LPC) has been used. The main result is to provide a notion of them, formulate a taxonomy and draw the scope of the protection that the consumer can activate against commercial practices that appear their right to freely choose a good and/or service.
Civil Liability of the Principal Company for Workplace Accidents in the Subcontracting Regime: A Critical View of Case Law
Authors:   Universidad de Valparaíso, Prado Pamela
Published: December 2023

Having elapse over fifteen years since the enactment of Act No. 20.123, the purpose of this work is to critically review the way in which Supreme Court’s case law has interpreted the liability of the project’s principal company for the accidents suffered by workers of contracting and subcontracting companies.
A autópsia como recurso à escrita da história
Authors: Wright Cardoso Eduardo
Published: December 2023

Recurso fundamental para a escrita da história antiga, a autópsia, concebida como o ato de ver por si mesmo, segundo François Hartog, não deixou de participar do desenvolvimento do conhecimento histórico na modernidade. É certo, todavia, que os pressupostos que nortearam o procedimento passaram por profundas modificações. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar o estatuto da autópsia como um recurso epistemológico para a historiografia brasileira durante o século XIX. Com esse intuito, considera-se como parte do corpo documental tanto trabalhos voltados para a elaboração da crítica erudita, quanto textos prescritivos acerca do fazer historiográfico no período. A fim de mapear seus diversos usos, a autópsia moderna é contrastada com sua versão antiga e é abordada a partir da noção de distância histórica. Esses encaminhamentos permitem apreender a autópsia como um expediente múltiplo, concebido não apenas como um modo de legitimar relatos e práticas, mas também como uma forma de mediação entre o historiador, as temporalidades, o território e as fontes mobilizadas na reconstrução do passado.
Passado presente
Authors: Duarte João de Azevedo e Dias
Published: December 2023

Este artigo aborda a contribuição de Antoine Lilti à historiografia do Iluminismo. A partir da discussão de parte de sua obra, com destaque para seu último livro, L’Heritage de Lumières (2019), argumenta-se que essa representa uma renovação muito bem-vinda no campo, tanto em termos teórico-metodológicos quanto narrativos. Combinando as vertentes da história intelectual e da história social e cultural, Lilti articula uma interpretação do Iluminismo alternativa àquela da genealogia do liberalismo. Colocada a partir da perspectiva de uma hermenêutica crítica, e em diálogo com a crítica pós-colonial, a intepretação de Lilti procura responder à questão da atualidade do Iluminismo no mundo global e plural contemporâneo, no qual a modernidade ocidental perdeu a condição de modelo universal.
Research of the application of elements of sports games in the process of therapeutic physical education activities
Authors: Dorontsev A. V. , Porubayko L. N. , Zinchuk N. A. , Lyamina Yu. A.
Published: December 2023

Recent studies have shown that the use of elements of team sports in physical education classes in a special medical group “B” (therapeutic physical education) remains one of the promising areas and, at the same time, a rather complex methodological problem, caused in many cases by concomitant diseases of students. When discussing the features and advantages of various team sports in the mode of practical exercises in therapeutic physical culture in universities, it is necessary to pay attention to the differentiated use of elements of sports games in accordance with the existing pathology.

Purpose. Determine the most effective complexes of physical activity using elements of team sports.

Materials and methods. The material for the work was the results of a current medical examination, motor tasks that make it possible to determine the level of development of physical qualities, and data from a functional test. The research was conducted at the departments of physical education of Astrakhan State Medical University and Kuban State Medical University and Astrakhan State University in the 2021/22 academic year. Based on functional tests, the level of physical fitness of those involved was analyzed, and hemodynamics were determined during physical activity classes using elements of team sports. The work used standard methods of mathematical analysis.

Results. A reliable correlation was revealed between the use of elements of team sports and the level of increase in the regulatoryadaptive potential of the cardiovascular system, reduction of BMI, elements of team sports were identified that are advisable to recommend for the appropriate medical group. During the work, data were obtained on the effectiveness of using elements of sports games for students assigned to medical group “B”.

Conclusions. It is advisable to use elements of basketball in the form of developing coordination abilities, mastering techniques of ball possession with changing parameters in space and time interval. In our opinion, this format allows you to vary the intensity of physical activity in accordance with the level of functional and physical fitness of students. In the same group, it is possible to use elements of volleyball and the game of volleyball itself according to simplified rules. The individual duration of rest breaks should allow the cardiorespiratory system to be restored to background levels.
Analysis of morphometric parameters of children’s kidneys according to ultrasound data
Authors: Kurtusunov B. T. , Usmanov I. A. , Trizno M. N.
Published: December 2023

Objective. To identify the features of morphometric indicators of children’s kidneys according to ultrasound data, depending on height and age.

Materials and methods. Morphometric indicators of the kidneys of children, according to ultrasound examination protocols of 280 male and female children aged 0 to 16 years.

Results. The study revealed that in all studied groups of children, the length of the left kidney was greater than the right. The most intensive increase in length occurs at heights of 60–90 cm and 150–170 cm. When analyzing gender differences in kidney growth in length, it was found that in both girls and boys the first “jump” in kidney growth is observed when the length of children is from 60 to 90 cm, and both buds grow at the same rate. The second “jump” in the increase in kidney length occurs at heights of 130–160 cm and 140– 170 cm. These changes in kidney length coincide with the intensive growth of the child in the first three years of life, and then with the onset and course of puberty. Based on the data obtained, it was revealed that the most significant increase in kidney parameters occurs in the first year of life. Thus, by the year of life, the length and width of the kidney increased by 20 %, and thickness by 10 %. By the 4th year of life, with average height (100 cm), length and width increased by another 20 %, and thickness by 32 % from the original.
Enhancing the biodegradation of ibuprofen through factor analysis and kinetic modeling
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bazhutin Grigory A. ,   Perm State University, Tyumina Elena A. ,   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Perm State University, Selyaninov Alexander A. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Vihareva Elena V. ,   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy
Published: December 2023

Ibuprofen ranks as one of the most frequently detected pharmaceutical pollutants in water across many countries. Previous studies identified conditions for actinobacterial degradation of ibuprofen and developed a chromatographic analysis technique, enabling the measurement of residual ibuprofen levels during bio-degradation. However, the impact of a complex interplay of factors on the dynamics of ibuprofen biodegradation remains insufficiently explored. The objective of this study was to enhance the biodegradation process of ibu-profen through a multifactorial experiment that controled key parameters and to predict changes in substance content and the time needed for process optimization using kinetic modeling. As a result of this study, varying the concentrations of glucose, n-hexadecane, inoculum, and pH values has enabled a remarkable reduction in the biodegradation process duration for ibuprofen (0.1 g/L), from 10 days to just 2 days when employing cosub-strates in quantities of 1.0 g/L, 10.0 ml/l, and adhering to the turbidity standard NTU-5, along with pH stabiliza-tion at 6.5. By applying the kinetic equation of the first-order derivative, dx/dt = –k x-1, we determined the pa-rameter ‘k’ for the ibuprofen biodegradation rate to be 138.88÷146.84%2/h. The half-life (t1/2) was calculated as 25.54÷27.00 hours, and the process’s endpoint, t1/100, was refined to 34.05÷36.00 hours under the optimized conditions.
Resistance of Rhodococcus collection strains to the effects of ecotoxicant – ethoxylated nonylphenol
Authors:   Perm State University, Bayandina Elena A. , Pozdeeva Anastasia V. ,   Perm State University, Kuyukina Maria S. ,   Perm State University,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms PFRC of the Ural Branch RAS, Ivshina Irena B. ,   Perm State University,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms PFRC of the Ural Branch RAS
Published: December 2023

Ethoxylated nonylphenol (ENP), a widely used surfactant, is one of the most common xenoestro-gens, hormone–like xenobiotics, the accumulation of which in the environment has a negative impact on the en-docrine system of animals and humans, thereby increasing the level of environmental risk. Natural processes of ENP biodegradation are hindered due to its high toxicity to soil and aquatic microorganisms, which requires the selection of resistant strains-biodegraders of this ecopolutant. The screening of 50 strains of actinobacteria of the genus Rhodococcus from the Regional Specialised Collection of Alkanotrophic Microorganisms (acronym IEGM, http://www.iegmcol.ru) on resistance to ENP and the effect of xenobiotics on the dynamics of the for-mation of rhodococcal biofilms was studied. The strains R. ruber IEGM 615, 1263, and R. rhodochrous IEGM 655, isolated from oil-polluted ecosystems, resistant to high (MIC> 125 g/l) concentrations of ENP, were select-ed. It has been shown that long-term (up to 72 h) cultivation of R. ruber IEGM 71 biofilms in the presence of 15 g/l ENP contributed to an increase in the adhesive activity of cells and the synthesis of an exopolymer matrix, which plays a major role in protecting bacteria from the toxic effects of ENP. The obtained data reveal the potential of rhodococci for detoxification of xenoestrogens from the group of alkylated phenols, what can be used in the de-velopment of biotechnological methods of environmental purification from these ecotoxicants.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LAW CONTRA LEGEM BASED ON THE LEGAL MAXIM ‘THE LAW NEVER REQUIRES IMPOSSIBILITIES’
Authors:   Russian-Armenian University, Ghambaryan A. S.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: the article is devoted to the issues of releasing a person from liability or from per-forming an obligation contrary to the law on the basis of the legal maxim ‘lex non cogit ad impossibilia’ (the law never requires impossibilities). Purpose: to show that the maxim ‘lex non cogit ad impossibilia’ is applicable not only in private but also in public law. It allows the law enforcer to act contrary to the law in a situation of impossibility. Methods: comparison, description, interpretation; theoretical methods offormal and dialectical logic; special scientific methods such as legal-dogmatic, etc. Results: there are three types of impossibility: physical impossibility, ‘practical’ impossibility, and legal impossibility. There is also a distinction between a priori impossibility and actual impossibility. Classification of these types of impossibility is of practical importance. If thelaw does not establish that impossibility is a legal ground for exemption from a duty or liability, then, in this case, the law enforcer acts contrary to the law. In situations of impossibility, there are two ways of legally justifying the release of a person from per-forming an obligation or from liability contrary to the law: through establishing a ‘reasonable exception’ not provided for by law in a law enforcement act or through using the doctrine of the development of law contrary to the law (contra legem). The most acceptable way to justify the position of releasing a person from the performance of a duty or from liability on the basis of the legal maxim ‘lex non cogit ad impossibilia’ is the mentioned doctrine. In this case, law develops contrary to the law (contra legem), but in accordance with the maxim ‘lex non cogit ad impossibilia’, which makes the actions of the law enforc-er legitimate. Conclusions: the law enforcer, guided by the doctrine of the development of law contra le-gem, may lawfully act contrary to the law on the basis of the legal maxim ‘lex non cogit ad impossibilia’, relieving a person from a duty or liability. The doctrine of actions contrary to the law based on this max-im can create a fertile ground for political authorities to abuse electoral processes; therefore, in order to prevent such abuses, the following conditions must be met: first, ‘practical’ impossibility or legal impos-sibility cannot be a legal ground for postponing (canceling) elections. Secondly, the doctrine of actions against the law based on the ‘lex non cogit ad impossibilia’ can be applied by judicial authorities or under their control.
CANCELLATION OF A REGULATORY LEGAL ACT AS A GROUND FOR THE LOSS OF LEGAL FORCE
Authors:   Perm State University, Kuznetsova O. A. ,   Perm Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction: In the current legislation, cancellation of regulatory legal acts is not institutionalized, there is no legal regulation of the grounds, procedure, parties involved, and the moment of cancellation. Purpose: to describe the authentic and subordinate cancellation of regulatory legal acts, to determine the moment of such cancellation, to distinguish the cancellation of an act from recognizing it as having lost its force. Methods: the research is based on the general scientific dialectical method of cognition; methods of formal and dialectical logic, classification are applied. Special legal methods were also used (the formal dogmatic method, the method of legal interpretation, the method of legal modeling). Results: the author analyzed the grounds for the cancellation of a regulatory legal act provided for by the legislation and established in the rule-making practice. The paper provides theoretical characterization of authentic and subordinate cancellation of regulatory acts. It is substantiated that authentic cancellation occurs both on the rule-maker’s own initiative and on the initiative of other parties. The paper shows that it is necessary to distinguish between the cancellation of a regulatory legal act and the recognition of a regu-latory legal act as having lost its force, both viewed as two independent ways of the loss of effect by the act. It is advisable to apply cancellation of a regulatory act mainly as subordinate; authentic cancellation of regulatory legal acts should be applied only to acts that have not entered into legal force.
DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL MODEL REGULATORY ACT ON LEGAL INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION AS A DIRECTION OF LEGAL POLICY IN THE FIELD OF INFORMATION SECURITY
Authors:   Saratov Branch of the State and Law Institute of the  Russian Academy of Sciences, Sokolov A. Yu. , Soldatkina O. L. ,   Saratov Branch of the State and Law Institute of the  Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

Introduction: the study discusses legal information distribution as an important tool of legal policy in the field of information security, as its priority aimed at ensuring a proper level of information security of the population. A promising direction in this area is shifting a focus on the activities of constituent ent‐ities, including those aimed at updating the system of regulatory acts of the constituent entities of the Federation related to various issues of legal information distribution. Regulations of all constituent enti‐ties should be developed in accordance with the requirements for their harmonization and unification. Purpose: to justify the need for developing a model regulatory act ‘On Legal Information Distribution and Legal Education of Citizens in a Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation’ from the standpoint of legal policy, as well as to develop its structure and possible content. Methods: the dialectical method; univer‐sal research methods such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, structural and functional, formal and logical; special legal methods such as comparative‐legal and formal‐legal. Conclusions: we suggest that the model law ‘On Legal Information Distribution and Legal Education of Citizens in a Con‐stituent Entity of the Russian Federation’ be developed. It could become an efficient tool of legal infor‐mation distribution in constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Its structure should include: (1) an introductory part (the subject and the legal basis of regulation); (2) the main part common for all constituent entities (definitions, fundamental principles of legal information distribution and legal educa‐tion of citizens; powers of state authorities of constituent entities, those of local governments of munici‐palities and organizations subordinated to local governments; state programs of constituent entities of the Russian Federation; provisions on participation of other organizations; (3) the ‘individual’ main part (forms of legal information distribution and legal education of the population, the sources of funding); (4) the final part. The content of articles that are common for all constituent entities is also proposed.
EVOLUTION AND SOURCES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF ODR IN THE USA
Authors:   Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Ermakova E. P.
Published: December 2023

Introduction:the article explores the history of formation and development of online dispute resolution (ODR) in the USA. The author analyzes the basic concepts and characteristics of these technologies and gives examples of their use in the practice of private ODR providers and U.S. courts. The main sources of legal regulation of ODR in the USA are the rulings of state courts based on the ‘ODR Standards’ of international organizations, including UNCITRAL, NCTDR, ICODR, etc., as well as scientific works of American scientists and practitioners. Purpose: to provide an insight into the emergence and development of online dispute resolution (ODR) in the practice of private ODR providers and the practice of U.S. courts by analyzing court reports, international acts, and academic sources. Methods: theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; special scientific methods such as legal-dogmatic and the method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: the study found that there is currently no legal definition of ODR in the United States; governmental bodies (including courts) and private ODR pro-viders rely on their own vision and understanding of ODR, using non-binding documents from international organiza-tions as well as academic studies developed by U.S. scholars and practitioners. There is also no common doctrinal defi-nition of ODR. Conclusions: 1) The U.S. National Center for State Courts, on its website, defines judicial (court-related) ODR as ‘a public facing digital space in which parties can convene to resolve their dispute or case’. 2) Scholars define judicial ODR as a method of ADR (alternative dispute resolution) aimed at resolving civil disputes using online plat-forms attached to a court rather than face-to-face hearings, mediation, or arbitration. 3) Barriers to the use of ODR in U.S. courts are: a) continuing transition from paper to electronic documents; b) complicated registration on ODR plat-forms; c) lack of ‘intuitive’ options for working with documents on the platform and finalizing the ODR process; d) lack of reference documents. 4) The experience of U.S. state courts in implementing ODR pilot programs as well as non-binding documents of international (UNCITRAL, ICODR) and U.S. ODR standards compliance organizations (NCTDR, ABA) can be used to improve Russian legal acts.
YOUTH CIVIC ACTIVITY PROFILES: PRACTICES, ENGAGEMENT MODES, VALUES
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Malenkov V. V.
Published: December 2023

The author analyzes the relationship between civic engagement and other concepts that describe the specifics of the current situation in the field of reproduction of active citizenship. Three components of civic engagement are distinguished: civic participation (activity aspect), civic engagement (cognitive and communicative aspect) and active citizenship orientation (value component). The article then describes the practice and forms of civic activity of young people in a large Russian city. Empirical data is collected through two questionnaire surveys of Tyumen youth aged 18-24, conducted in 2021 and 2023. When analyzing data, the author relies on a multidimensional personality-oriented approach, which makes it possible to identify homogeneous groups of respondents and describe their profiles. The primary criterion for grouping is the experience of civic participation. The emphasis is on participation formats that are developing in the digital era and are more flexible than traditional, institutional forms. The first study identifies five clusters: "passive", "electoral reserve", "offline reserve", "online reserve", "active". There is an increase in civic activity according to the results of the second measurement. At the same time, there is a change in the structure of the clusters, a change in their proportions. Furthermore, two new clusters are added: "digital asset" and "participants".
TO THE CITY (OF ROME) AND TO THE WORLD: ON THE ROLE OF URBI ET ORBI IN THE GLOBALIZATION OF CATHOLICISM
Authors:   The Sociological Institute of the RAS – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dmitrieva V. D.
Published: December 2023

The article provides an analysis of the confessional aspect of religion's globalization. The theoretical approach underlying the study is the concept of J. Casanova, tracing the origins of global Catholicism in the practice of proclaiming Urbi et Orbi. The aim of the article is to identify the specifics of the messages "to the city and to the world" as a means of maintaining the global status of the Church. The study is conducted in the form of two variants of content analysis, with data being gathered from the website of the Holy See. Within the framework of the content analysis, issues and mentions of world regions are highlighted. A comparison of the findings of content analysis indicates the adaptability of Urbi et Orbi, its problem-oriented approach and increased attention to the issue of armed conflicts. The mention of the world regions in the papal messages is associated with the intensity of the manifestation of global problems at the local level. The result of the study is the confirmation of the hypothesis that the thematic content and geographical coverage make it possible to label Urbi et Orbi as an independent tool of Catholic globalization.
ARCTIC DIRECTION IN ST. PETERSBURG’S INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITY: OBSERVATIONS FROM SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Zolotarev F. E.
Published: December 2023

The paper focuses on the international activities of St Petersburg in the Arctic region in 2019-2022. The research is based on paradiplomacy theory, which is a particular case within the neoliberal international relations paradigm framework. The aim is to analyze St. Petersburg's international activities and its position in relation to Arctic actors. To achieve this, the Social Network Analysis (SNA) method is utilized to investigate the relationships between St. Petersburg, including its branches, foreign and international counterparts. SNA is applied to provide a comprehensive approach when examining the facts of cooperation and for dynamic consideration of transformations over time. The research sources comprise formal records of the execution of international collaboration treaties, as well as the external economic relationships of the St. Petersburg Committee on External Relations. These reports were deconstructed, and data were encoded for subsequent network analysis and modeling. The findings reveal that in addition to general transformations of the networks, which were also tracked by changes in statistical parameters, instances of cooperation between St. Petersburg and Arctic actors are represented by preferential cooperation with Finland. This leads to the conclusion that triangulation of data can be accomplished by referencing supplementary data sources and including them in the research.
THE RHETORIC OF MAINTAINING THE SPECIAL STATUS OF THE REPUBLICS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CENTRALISATION
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics - St. Petersburg, Yuzbekova К. Sh. , Starodubtsev А. V. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics - St. Petersburg
Published: December 2023

The article answers the question of how the heads of republics characterise the status of the subjects of the federation they lead in the conditions of centralisation. Based on the idea of the importance of rhetorical representation of the status of a subject of the federation and using quantitative content analysis of the speeches of the heads of the republics dedicated to the days of the constitution and the days of the republic in the period from 2000 to 2021, the authors show that 1) even during the centralisation of the political system in Russia, republican leaders find suitable rhetorical tools that allow them to emphasise the special status of their regions; 2) they utilise communication opportunities with the local community to articulate their stance on issues important for evaluating the status of the republics.
RESPONSIBILITY AS A FACTOR OF YOUTH CIVIC ACTIVISM
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Abramova S. B. , Antonova N. L. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze responsibility as a factor of civic activism. The authors conducted two studies: an online survey of young residents of the Sverdlovsk region aged 14-25 (1150 respondents); content and discourse analysis of volunteer applications for participation in the Tavrida Art Cluster (1129 applications). It is shown that young people's sense of responsibility for events is average and decreases as the social distance of events increases: young people express this feeling primarily in relation to their closest circle of contacts rather than to the country as a whole. Prosocial motives are less pronounced than selfish ones, but they are typical for 80% of young people. 46% of volunteers position themselves as responsible citizens in the context of discipline, efficiency, diligence, etc. and use emotional and value images of the prosperity of the motherland and love for the country when describing the motivation for involvement in civic activism. 95% of respondents take part in both online and offline activism practices, with a greater choice of the former. The research material shows that today's young generation is civically aware, responsible and strives to change the world around them. The study concludes with key findings and questions for future research.
POSITION IN EXCHANGE FOR VOTES: THE IMPACT OF POLITICAL LOYALTY ON THE POLITICAL SURVIVAL OF MUNICIPAL HEADS WITHIN COMPETITIVE MODEL
Authors:   Perm State University, Subbotina A. A.
Published: December 2023

The article explores the research problem associated with the political survival of local heads amidst the conditions of competitive mayoral elections. It probes questions like: Does political loyalty remain a significant factor for retaining a position? How does a mayor's political loyalty influence their political survival within a competitive framework? Employing the principal-agent theory, we examine factors such as electoral loyalty, economic efficiency, and personal characteristics of mayors (such as origin, age, work experience in local self-government executive branch, and electoral experience) as determinants of mayoral political survival. Our study encompasses 208 contests held in the Perm region and Sverdlovsk region from 2015 to 2022. Our regression analysis shows that successful electoral mobilization and high voting results for the "United Russia" party or the incumbent enhance a mayor's chances of retaining their position. However, a mayor's socio-economic success does not significantly impact their political "survival". Moreover, electoral loyalty is not the sole significant determinant of a mayor's "survival". Factors such as the local head's age and origin also play a role in their retention of position. This article broadens the understanding of the political survival of Russian local mayors and underscores the need to explore other explanatory models of mayoral "survival".
Government reform of production and consumption waste management in the context of public expectations
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Lektorova Julia Iu. , Prudnikov Andrei Iu. ,   Eurasian Technological University, Kolkutina Vera P. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Sliusar Natalia N. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: December 2023

Introduction: one of the topical directions of the study of environmental policy and reforms in the sphere of municipal solid waste (MSW) turnover at national and local levels is the analysis of public expectations and the expected management of the resulting data. Objectives: to identify the sentiments and expectations of the population experiencing intense negative impact as a result of proximity to waste layout and disposal facilities. Methods: sociological (questionnaire) survey and mass media monitoring based on “Medialogy” system. Results: respondents living near landfills show a high level of anxiety about environmental well-being of their place of residence. Nevertheless, most respondents do not consider the prospect of landfills expansion to be high: of all the most dangerous sources of environmental distress, rather than landfills, they are most focused on industrial emissions, unauthorized garbage dumps and emissions from motor vehicles. The majority of respondents (65%) see the “garbage” reform as a threat to personal economic well-being and assess the reform in terms of utility tariffs, but not in terms of benefits and feasibility. The revealed contradiction between the actual goals of the reform and its impact in social sphere can be adjusted using the «preventive» approach in treatment of public opinion. Conclusions: government policy on landfills remediation is rather reactive and pre-emptive to potential tensions in residential areas neighboring such sites. Respondents are potentially willing to take action in the event of a deteriorating situation, including complaints to authorized bodies, but are not aware of organizations responsible for landfill maintenance. The “garbage” reform pushed by a number of well-known environmental protest actions, is valued at a low rate by a significant part of respondents. At the same time, people are least prepared to tackle the issue effectively on their own, resorting to radical changes in their lives to reduce environmental damage.