bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing Employee Retention Concerns: Evidence from U.S. Census Data
Authors: Labro Eva , Omartian James D.
Published: October 2024

Using Census microdata on 28,000 manufacturing plants, we examine how firms manage employee retention concerns. In response to reductions in the local unemployment rate, plants take additional steps beyond increasing compensation. First, plants adjust bonus architecture to ensure bonuses can be paid. Second, plants offer more agency to employees by deploying high-involvement work practices that generate longer-term commitment. Third, plants pull these retention levers less when they have high availability and use of data as this reduces the adverse effects of employee turnover on organizational knowledge. These results are robust to using the fracking revolution as a shock increasing firms’ retention concerns. Additionally, we observe that although compensation increases tend to spill over to other plants within the same firm—aligning with theories of inequity aversion—adjustments to bonus architecture and the provision of employee agency do not, suggesting these may be more cost-effective strategies for multiplant firms.

JEL Classifications: J63; M51; M54.
Incremental Prognostic Value of a Coronary Heart Disease Polygenic Risk Score in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mordi Ify R. , Li Ivy , George Gittu , McCrimmon Rory J. , Palmer Colin N. , Pearson Ewan R. , Lang Chim C. , Doney Alex S.
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE

The recent availability of cardiovascular risk-reducing type 2 diabetes (T2D) therapies makes it imperative to optimally identify individuals who could derive benefit. Current clinical risk prediction may misclassify individuals as low risk and could be improved. Our aim was to determine the incremental prognostic value of a coronary heart disease (CHD) genome-wide polygenic risk score (PRS) to a clinical risk score in prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with T2D.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We evaluated 10,556 individuals with T2D aged 40–79 years without a prior cardiovascular hospitalization. We calculated 10-year clinical cardiovascular risk at the date of recruitment using the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE Risk) and constructed a CHD PRS. The primary outcome was time to first MACE incidence, and we assessed the additional incremental predictive value of the CHD PRS to the PCE risk.

RESULTS

At 10 years, there were 1,477 MACE. After adjustment for clinical risk, the CHD PRS was significantly associated with MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 1.69 per SD increase, 95% CI 1.60–1.79). Individuals with PCE Risk <7.5% but in the top quintile of CHD PRS had a significantly increased likelihood of MACE (HR 10.69, 95% CI 5.07–22.55) compared with those in the lowest. The addition of the PRS to the clinical risk score led to significant improvements in risk prediction, particularly in those at low clinical risk.

CONCLUSIONS

The addition of a CHD PRS to clinical assessment improved MACE prediction in T2D individuals without prior cardiovascular disease, particularly in those at low clinical risk.
Алгоритм имитации отжига для задачи выбора непрерывнолитых заготовок на складе металлургического предприятия
Authors: Андреев С.М. , Щеголихин И.С.
Published: October 2024

На складе слябов металлургического предприятия непрерывнолитые заготовки укладываются в штабеля, затем извлекаются в соответствии с заказом на извлечение. От выбора слябов в качестве элементов заказа зависит число их перекладываний. В данной работе исследуется алгоритм имитации отжига, адаптированный для задачи выбора слябов, с целью минимизировать число их перекладываний. Для предложенного алгоритма проведены тесты и сравнение с точным решением. Результаты вычислительного эксперимента показывают, что для выбранных тестовых задач алгоритм имитации отжига находит оптимальное решение за малое время.

In the slab warehouse at the steelworks, continuously cast billets are stacked and then retrieved according to the retrieval order. The selection of slabs as order elements determines the number of slab reloads. In this paper, a simulated annealing algorithm adapted to the slab selection problem is investigated to minimise the number of slab reshuffles. For the proposed algorithm, tests are carried out and compared with the exact solution. The results of the computational experiment show that for the selected test problems the simulated annealing algorithm gives optimal solutions within a short time.
Эволюция системы жанров в киберпространстве: преемственность и инновации
Authors: Кислицына Н.Н. , Норец М.В.
Published: October 2024

Современные коммуникационные технологии, являясь продуктом техногенной революции, оказали значимое влияние на языковое сознание: восприятие, порождение и процедуру передачи знаний между людьми. В работе описываются особенности трансформации коммуникационного пространства, которая обусловлена развитием глобальной сети Интернет; проводится параллель между понятиями ноосферы и киберпространства, понимаемого как сущность, позволяющая осуществлять коммуникацию между индивидуумами и социальными группами в разных частях мира. Целью исследования является характерологическое описание лингвокогнитивных особенностей жанра блога как отдельного вида интернет-коммуникации, выявление его онтологической значимости, а также определение взаимовлияния компонентов диады «язык-мышление» в условиях компьютерно-опосредованной коммуникации в киберпространстве.

Modern communication technologies, being a product of technogenic revolution, have had a significant impact on human consciousness: perception, generation and the procedure of knowledge transfer between people. The features of transformation of communicative space which is caused by the development of the Internet are described and the concepts of noosphere and cyberspace are compared in the paper. Cyberspace is understood as the entity that allows carrying out communication between individuals and social groups in different parts of the world. The purpose of the work is the characterological description of linguo-cognitive features of a blog as the Internet genre, the identification of its ontological importance and the analysis of language-mind interference under conditions of the computer-mediated communication in a cyberspace.
Нравственная ретроспекция в темпоральной структуре мемуаров Давида Самойлова «Памятные записки»
Authors: Лаврова С.Ю.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается языковая семантика «нравственной ретроспекции» как концептуального образования, характеризующего автобиографический нарратив мемуаров Д. Самойлова «Памятные записки». Предметом исследования выступают конситуативно обусловленные высказывания с семантикой нравственности, выражающие специфику репрезентации ментального авторского «Я». Выявляются сущностные характеристики концептуального образования «Нравственная ретроспекция» как авторского сложного концепта. Устанавливается, что нравственная ретроспекция в автобиографическом нарративе мемуаров формирует культурный темпоральный код автора, определяющий семантическую структуру текста с учетом компонентов системы нравственной философии. Обосновывается специфика нравственной ретроспекции в структуре автобиографического нарратива как внутритекстовой и внетекстовой категории.

The article examines the linguistic semantics of “moral retrospection” as a conceptual construct characterizing the autobiographical narrative of D. Samoilov's memoirs “Memorable Notes”. The subject of the study is constitutively conditioned statements with the semantics of morality, expressing the specifics related to the representation of the author's mental self. The essential characteristics of the conceptual education “Moral retrospection” as an author's complex concept are revealed. It is established that moral retrospection in the autobiographical narrative of memoirs forms the cultural temporal code of the author, which determines the semantic structure of the text, taking into account the components of the moral philosophy system. The specificity of moral retrospection in the structure of the autobiographical narrative as an intra-textual and extra-textual category is substantiated.
Роль волонтерской деятельности в обеспечении процессов социализации младших школьников
Authors: Беляева О.А.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена оценке характера влияния волонтерской деятельности на значимые аспекты социализации, формирование ряда личностных характеристик и общий уровень воспитанности младших школьников. Уточняется роль волонтерства как особой формы социальной инициативы и активности детей в обеспечении их социальной адаптации и активности, личностной автономности, приверженности гуманистическим ценностям. На основании сравнения двух выборок респондентов, участников волонтерских проектов и их сверстников, не имеющих такого опыта, доказан существенный потенциал добровольчества в создании условий для личностного развития и обеспечения социальных компетенций выпускников начальной школы.

The article deals with assessing the impact of volunteer activity on significant aspects of socialization, the development of a number of personal characteristics and the general level of younger schoolchildren’s upbringing. The author clarifies the role of volunteering as a special form of social initiative and activity of children in ensuring their social adaptation and activity, personal autonomy, and commitment to humanistic values. Based on a comparison of two samples of respondents, participants in volunteer projects and their peers who do not have such experience, the significant potential of volunteerism in establishing conditions for personal development and ensuring social competencies of primary school graduates has been proven.
Модель оптимального распределения заказов на производство стали между плавками на основе унификации химических составов
Authors: Карачунов А.Г. , Ершов Е.В.
Published: October 2024

Авторы предлагают решение задачи оптимального распределения неоднородных ресурсов для повышения эффективности планирования сталеплавильного производства. В статье описывается модель оптимального распределения заказов на производство стали между плавками на основе унификации химических составов стали. В модели используются алгоритмы, обеспечивающие решение задачи составления производственного расписания в рамках оперативного планирования за приемлемое время. Результатом применения описанной модели является план распределения заказов на производство различных марок стали между плавками, оптимальный с точки зрения объема и стоимости производимого металла.

The authors propose a solution to the problem of optimal distribution of heterogeneous resources to improve the efficiency of steelmaking planning. The article describes a model of optimal distribution of orders for steel production between smelts based on the unification of chemical compositions of steel. The model uses easy-to-implement algorithms that provide a solution to the problem of making a production schedule within the framework of operational planning within acceptable time. The result of applying the described model is a plan for distributing orders for the production of various steel grades between smelts, optimal in terms of the cost and the volume produced.
Информационная система для обучения медицинского персонала
Authors: Кочкин Д.В. , Шагина А.А. , Швецов А.Н.
Published: October 2024

В данной статье рассматривается проблема обучения медицинского персонала. В качестве инструмента, направленного на решение данной проблемы, предлагается использовать специально созданное обучающее приложение. В результате были разработаны алгоритм использования программы по обучению персонала работе в медицинской информационной системе, модель взаимодействия элементов, диаграмма логической базы данных, а также структура обучающего приложения. При моделировании учитывались отдельные элементы системы и причинно-следственные связи, которые являются существенными для достижения цели исследования.

This article deals with the problem of training medical personnel. As a tool aimed at solving this problem, it is proposed to use a specially designed training application. As a result, the algorithm of using the program to train personnel to work in the medical information system, the model of interaction of elements, the diagram of the logical database and the structure of the training application were developed. The modeling has taken into account the individual elements of the system and the cause-and-effect relationships that are essential for achieving the goal of the study.
Информационный вес тревожного сообщения как показатель эффективности технического средства обнаружения
Authors: Рычаго М.Е.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена вопросам получения расчетных оценок информационного веса сообщения о тревоге, вырабатываемого техническим средством обнаружения в результате негативного воздействия произвольного характера. Построены расчетные примеры и предложен алгоритм вычисления информационной емкости, в зависимости от геометрии формируемой зоны обнаружения и настроек чувствительности технического средства. Приведена классификация технических средств обнаружения по степени информативности тревожного сообщения и высказаны некоторые предложения по совершенствованию существующих моделей и алгоритмов получения комплексных оценок эффективности охранных систем в рамках рассмотренного в статье информационного подхода.

The article examines calculated estimates of the information weight of an alarm message generated by a technical detection tool as a result of an arbitrary negative impact. Calculation examples are constructed and an algorithm for calculating the information capacity is proposed, depending on the geometry of the formed detection zone and sensitivity settings of the technical means. The author gives the classification of detection equipment according to the degree of information content of the alarm message and makes some suggestions to improve existing models and algorithms for obtaining comprehensive assessments of the security system effectiveness within the framework of the information approach considered in the article.
Laparoscopic Access in Radical Surgical Treatment of Complicated Gastric Cancer: a Single-Center Experience
Authors: Tarasov S. A. , Yartsev P. A. , Kirsanov I. I. , Rogal M. M. , Aksenova S. O.
Published: October 2024

Over the past decades, there has been an active introduction of minimally invasive surgical technologies in the treatment of various diseases, including gastric cancer. In Asian countries and Europe, laparoscopic gastrectomy is an alternative to open gastrectomy for early gastric cancer, with a tendency to displace the latter. In the Russian Federation, laparoscopic gastrectomy is performed in a few specialized centers. From 2013 to 2022, the surgeons of our Center treated 141 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer at different stages (64 men, 39 women, mean age of 60.5±10 years). Of these, 52 patients (50.5%) underwent open surgeries (group I), 51 (49.5%) — laparoscopic surgeries (group II). The study included patients diagnosed with gastric cancer complicated by bleeding or gastric outlet/cardioesophageal junction obstruction, over 18 years of age, who signed consent for the processing of personal data and inclusion of their clinical data in the research and underwent surgical treatment. We analyzed such parameters as the duration of surgical intervention and the duration of hospital stay, the rates of hospital/relapse-free 2-year survival, and uncomplicated postoperative period. Laparoscopic-assisted surgeries lasted longer; however, due to more precise technique and better visualization of anatomical structures, there was a smaller volume of intraoperative blood loss. During laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy, it is possible to perform more precise lymph node dissection, increase the number of harvested lymph nodes and, thus, increase the probability of detecting lymph nodes with metastases; which, in turn, has a direct impact on increasing the 2-year relapse-free and 2-year overall survival of patients. There was no significant difference in the incidence or severity of postoperative complications and mortality. These data are an important indicator of the effectiveness of the minimally invasive surgical method of treatment, which indicates greater safety of the laparoscopic method compared to intervention from laparotomy access.
Prognostic Significance of Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Case of Severe Combined Blunt Abdominal Trauma
Authors: Aleksandrov V. V. , Maskin S. S. , Ermolayeva N. K. , Perfilova V. N. , Matyukhin V. V. , Alimov M. N. , Biriulev D. S. , Rachid A. , Sigaev S. M.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION. In case of polytrauma, an imbalance occurs between substances produced by the endothelium, the rheological properties of the blood are disrupted, the content of procoagulants increases, the permeability of the vascular wall increases, which contributes to thrombus formation and increased tissue hypoxia, and subsequently to the development of multiple organ failure, and, of course, affects the course of traumatic disease, the development of complications and mortality. However, specific markers of endothelial dysfunction and their levels, by which it is possible to reliably predict the course of traumatic disease in severe combined closed abdominal trauma for the appropriate pathogenetic treatment have not yet been determined.

AIM OF THE STUDY. To determine the significance of some markers of endothelial dysfunction (C-reactive protein, von Willebrand factor, the number of desquamated endothelial cells in the blood) in combined blunt abdominal trauma to predict the likelihood of complications and adverse outcomes.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. The main group consisted of 31 patients with severe combined blunt abdominal trauma, the comparison group consisted of 5 patients operated on for large ventral hernias. All patients underwent blood tests for C-reactive protein, von Willebrand factor, the number of desquamated endothelial cells.

RESULTS. The level of all three considered markers of endothelial dysfunction in severe abdominal trauma significantly differs from that in operated non-traumatized patients, which allows differential diagnostics to be made between abdominal wall contusion and damage to internal organs; extremely high values suggest an unfavorable course of traumatic disease and a high probability of a fatal outcome.

CONCLUSION. Taking into account that the development of traumatic disease is based on damage to the vascular endothelium, it is necessary to consider as prognostic indicators changes in the level of activity of C-reactive protein, von Willebrand factor, desquamated endothelial cells in patients with severe combined blunt abdominal trauma.
Effectiveness of Adjunctive Drug Therapy to Endoscopic Stenting in Liver Cirrhosis Complicated by Refractory Variceal Bleeding
Authors: Anisimov A. Yu. , Anisimov Yu. A.
Published: October 2024

AIM OF THE STUDY. Comparative clinical analysis of the efficacy of terlipressin and octreotide as additional drug therapy to mechanical hemostasis with nitinol stent in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by bleeding from esophageal varices refractory to endoscopic treatment.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. Thirty-one patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by esophageal variceal bleeding refractory to endoscopic treatment , in whose complex treatment program, as a first-line life­saving measure, hemostasis with a self-expanding hemostasis was performed nitinol stent were randomly assigned to two groups. In group A, 20 patients were treated with terlipressin as an adjuvant to mechanical hemostasis, and in group B, 11 patients were treated with octreotide. Unpaired Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis of the results. Graphs for assessing the survival function of patients for 8 weeks after the end of treatment were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

RESULTS. In the acute observation period terlipressin and octreotide were equally effective in treating refractory variceal bleeding. In the subacute observation period, the administration of octreotide was generally accompanied by a greater number of side effects (54.5%) than terlipressin (30.0%) (p=0.453). In the remote observation period, 8-week survival in the group of patients receiving terlipressin was higher than in the group of patients receiving octreotide.

CONCLUSION. Terlipressin is as effective as octreotide as an adjunct to endoscopic stenting in drug therapy for liver cirrhosis complicated by esophageal variceal bleeding refractory to endoscopic treatment. At the same time, terlipressin has a greater effect than octreotide on reducing 8-week mortality, which approaches statistical significance. In this regard, terlipressin may be the vasoactive drug of choice in acute refractory variceal bleeding.
Results of Carotid Endarterectomy Performed at Different Times During the Acute Period of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Pryamikov A. D. , Loluev R. Yu. , Asratyan S. A. , Mironkov A. B. , Khripun A. I.
Published: October 2024

AIM OF STUDY. To compare the results of carotid endarterectomy performed at different times (1st, 2nd and 3rd week) of the acute period of ischemic stroke.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. In the acute period of ischemic stroke (1–21 days), 92 patients with symptomatic stenosis of the internal carotid artery of 50% or more were operated on using carotid endarterectomy . There were 66 men and 26 women. The average age was 65.7±8.4 years. All patients were divided into three groups depending on the timing of the operation: Group 1, where the operation was performed on the 1st week of stroke (n=48); Group 2, where the operation was performed on the 2nd week after stroke (n=28); Group 3, where carotid endarterectomy was performed on the 3rd week after stroke (n=16). In-hospital endpoints of the study in each group were ipsilateral ischemic stroke, any other stroke (contralateral ischemic or hemorrhagic), myocardial infarction, wound hemorrhagic complications requiring repeated operation and surgical hemostasis, death, and major adverse cardiovascular events (stroke + myocardial infarction + fatal outcome).

RESULTS. There were no postoperative ipsilateral ischemic strokes, myocardial infarctions, or deaths in the study group (92 patients). In the overall group of patients (n = 92), the incidence of any postoperative stroke was 2.2% (2 patients): one hemorrhagic stroke on the side of carotid endarterectomy (group 3) and one contralateral ischemic stroke on the first postoperative day in a patient with bilateral critical stenosis of the internal carotid artery (group 1). Postoperative wound hematoma, which required revision and bleeding arrest in the early postoperative period, developed in one (1.1%) patient in Group 1. The overall incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events was 2.2% or 2 patients. In all three groups, a statistically significant and positive effect in regression of the initial neurological deficit was obtained at discharge. In patients operated in the first week after stroke, the neurological deficit at discharge according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the modified Rankin scale was the lowest. In general, 31.3%, 17.9% and 12.5% of patients in groups 1, 2 and 3 were discharged without neurological deficit (0 points according to the NIHSS scale), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS. Carotid endarterectomy performed in the acute period of ischemic stroke is a safe surgical intervention in the prevention of recurrent ipsilateral ischemic events. The most positive neurological dynamics and the least neurological deficit at discharge were achieved after operations performed in the first week of ischemic stroke.
Modern Aspects of Endovascular Thrombectomy of Acute Ischemic Stroke. Selection Criteria for Endovascular Thrombectomy. Prediction Of Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Alidzhanova Kh. G. , Popugyaev K. A. , Ramazanov G. R. , Kokov L. S. , Petrikov S. S.
Published: October 2024

Endovascular thrombectomy (ET) effectively and safely recanalizes the occluded artery and restores the ischemic area in patients with acute ischemic stroke (IS), improving the clinical prognosis of stroke in the anterior and posterior circulation system, expanding the time therapeutic window from no more than 6 to 24 hours, greatly increasing the chances of functional independence and survival. However, some patients develop an unfavorable postoperative outcome, complications and “ineffectiveness” of revascularization. The thrombectomy result depends not only on the patient selection criteria, timing and success of the procedure, but on many other factors as well. Despite the advances in stroke treatment, the issues of neuroimaging and patient selection for ET remain relevant; the pathophysiological mechanisms of the influence of some factors on the effectiveness of the procedure are not completely clear; the causes of “uneffective” revascularization, unfavorable outcome and mortality after ET are unclear. An analysis of global experience in treating ischemic stroke with ET showed the heterogeneity of the patient selection criteria, clinical and neuroimaging variables, prognostic factors and treatment outcomes, which makes it difficult to draw a general conclusion and requires further targeted research. The article discusses the issues of patient selection, pathophysiological mechanisms of the influence of some risk factors on the outcome of ischemic stroke and the causes of unfavorable outcome and death after ET.
On the Possibilities and Significance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for the Pre- Hospital Stage of Medical Care
Authors: Pisarenko L. V. , Gumenyuk S. A. , Potapov V. I.
Published: October 2024

Unmanned aerial vehicles are an important force in search and rescue operations. They help reduce the time needed to search for and provide assistance to the wounded, sick and injured who are located at a large territorial distance and in hard-to-reach places. With the help of computer “vision” and sensors such as noise sensing, binary sensing, vibration and thermal sensing, drones are able to search for living patients not only in the sea, high in the mountains and in mines, but also buried under the rubble of buildings and structures. Such devices demonstrate advantages in emergency and urgent delivery of medical resuscitation and other medical equipment, medicines, blood products and organs for transplantation to patients, especially those in remote locations. With the help of drones, it is possible to effectively sort patients in case of mass sanitary losses, carry out disinfection and remotely monitor the health status of patients with highly contagious infectious diseases and other pathological conditions, as well as reduce the time for providing other medical and humanitarian services to the population. It is obvious that the use of drones requires further study of their promising capabilities, especially in the actual conditions of emergency medical services.
Creation and Preclinical Testing of a Spirometer with Extended Functionality
Authors: Shabaev V. S. , Onoshko V. A. , Galushko A. S. , Mazurok V. A. , Orazmagomedova I. V. , Vasilyeva L. G. , Aleksandrova D. A.
Published: October 2024

RELEVANCE. We present the results of preclinical testing of an upgraded portable AR­1 gas flow analyzer produced by JSC Krasnogvardeets (Saint Petersburg) in order to create import-substituting technologies and develop practical and scientific spheres of healthcare.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY. was to substantiate the possibility of clinical use of the upgraded device, originally intended for testing ventilators and inhalation anesthesia devices, as a monitor of the external respiration apparatus function.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. The preclinical study of the upgraded gas flow analyzer was conducted at the V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center in comparison with devices for conventional (Bellavista 950, Berner Ross Medical, Russia) and high-frequency (IPV-2C, Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation, Percussionaire Corporation, USA) mechanical ventilation in volume- and pressure-controlled modes using an artificial lung. The following reflected spirometry parameters were compared: tidal and minute volume under inhalation and exhalation, respiratory rate, maximum and minimum flows, peak and positive end expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen.

RESULTS. A high accuracy of parameter matching shown by the gas flow analyzer and ventilators was demonstrated.

CONCLUSION. The upgraded model of the gas flow analyzer can be used clinically as a portable spirometer at the prehospital and hospital stages.
Surgical Treatment of Purulent Complications and Widespread Paraprosthetic Infection in the Area of the Mesh Prosthesis After Laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Hernioplasty on the Right with Involvement of Abdominal Organs Using Laparoscopic Access
Authors: Karkhani H.M.H. , Gallyamov E. A. , Vorotyntsev A. S. , Emelyanov A. Yu. , Henein D.M.E. , Shalygin A. B. , Sharma B.
Published: October 2024

Laparoscopic transabdominal, preperitoneal hernioplasty for inguinal hernia using a synthetic mesh prosthesis is the most common operation in modern surgical practice. Given the minimally invasive approach, infectious complications are rare. Despite the rarity of infectious complications, their development requires additional use of medications, long-term use of antibiotics, repeated traumatic surgical interventions, which leads to prolonged pain syndrome, hernia recurrence and is accompanied by a serious deterioration in the mental and physical condition of patients. Ultrasound and computed tomography with contrast are quite informative research methods for diagnosing abscesses associated with the implantation of a synthetic mesh prosthesis. In this article, we consider a clinical observation: a 36-year-old man with an abscess in the area of a synthetic mesh prosthesis after laparoscopic prosthetic preperitoneal hernioplasty on the right for inguinal hernia 4 months after the initial operation. The infectious process spread from the area of the infected prosthesis into the abdominal cavity, was limited by internal organs with the formation of an abscess. The resulting complication was treated by laparoscopic access. The purpose of our article is to draw the attention of surgeons to the possibility of a rare infectious complication in the area of the synthetic mesh prosthesis after right laparoscopic preperitoneal hernioplasty for inguinal hernia 4 months after the initial operation, after which the infectious process may spread from the area of the infected prosthesis into the abdominal cavity. The emphasis is placed on the difficulties of preoperative diagnosis of the complication and its surgical correction by laparoscopic access.
Destabilization of Pedicle Screws and Migration of Connecting Rod into the Posterior Cranial Fossa in a Patient After Posterior Spondylosynthesis with a Screw System
Authors: Burova I. V. , Litvinenko E. A. , Kurilchik S. A. , Erovenko M. M. , Velichkin A. N.
Published: October 2024

When performing osteosynthesis for spinal instability after traumatic injury, diagnostic difficulties arise due to the migration of metal structure components to distant “atypical” anatomical areas, which is associated with the risk of neurological deficit and life-threatening conditions. This article presents a casuistic case of migration of a metal structure component through an iatrogenic opening in the occipital bone into the posterior cranial fossa in a patient who had previously undergone instrumental correction for comminuted fractures of the cervical vertebrae. It should be noted that there are no data on “spontaneous” perforation of the occipital bone by metal osteosynthesis elements in the domestic literature.
Microsurgical Treatment of a Large Through-and-Through Periapical Lesion with Apicomarginal Defect using Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR): A Case Report of a Four-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Popowicz Witold , Tkachenko Oleksandr
Published: October 2024

In case of a long-term periapical lesion, destruction of both vestibular and oral cortical plates is sometimes observed and even a through-and-through periapical lesion occurs. The success of the treatment decreases when an apicomarginal defect is added to the through-and-through periapical lesion. Large periapical lesions should be treated initially by orthograde root canal therapy. When the signs and symptoms of the infection don’t recede after the treatment, then surgical approaches should be considered. In this case report, a 22-year-old female with previously initiated therapy was referred for an endodontic microsurgery of tooth 22 (i.e., upper left lateral incisor). After the endodontic treatment the patient was referred to the oral surgeon for apicoectomy with augmentation of the bone defect. The sinus tract in the apex area of the tooth 22 remained active since the surgical intervention. Endodontic microsurgery and guided tissue regeneration were performed. The article presents diagnostic data, namely pre- and post-operative images of cone beam computed tomography (after 2 and 4 years), as well as pre-, intra- and post-operative clinical images. All pre- and intraoperative procedures and stages are detailed. In particular, separation of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) from venous blood, retrograde preparation with an ultrasonic tip and a device using a dental operating microscope and the use of a collagen membrane. After two- and four-year follow-up, radiographic examination revealed significant bone reconstruction, and clinical signs and symptoms were absent. The patient hasn’t reported any symptoms since. The paper also analyzes scientific sources on the use of PRF and collagen membranes in bone defects of the jaws. Attention is also paid to the formation of a flap during operations of this type. The main six success factors in the treatment of such complex cases are highlighted. Rethinking the previously performed surgery (apicoectomy) in this patient, attention was paid to the main five factors that could contribute to the failure.
Surgical Treatment of Primary Spinal Tumors
Authors: Beylerli O. A. , Gareev I. F. , Musaev E. R. , Wang Ch. , Simfukwe K.
Published: October 2024

Primary spinal tumors appear to be much less common than metastatic lesions, but their surgical treatment comprises a complex and multifaceted task. Numerous factors influence indications and timing of surgical intervention, including neurological status of the patient, histological characteristics of the tumor, its localization, stability of the spinal column, and comorbidities. Significant spinal cord compression, rapid progression of neurologic deficits, or pronounced instability of the spinal column may require urgent surgical intervention. When the spinal canal is not affected, treatment should start with a biopsy to accurately determine the histology of the tumor. Some tumor types, such as giant cell tumors, osteoblastomas, chordomas, and chondrosarcomas, require complete removal of the tumor. However, performing a wide resection in a single block is often found difficult due to compression of vascular and nerve structures. Current approaches to surgical management of primary spinal tumors involve minimally invasive techniques that significantly improve postoperative recovery and reduce the risk of complications. These techniques were originally used to treat degenerative spinal diseases and trauma; however, they have also demonstrated their effectiveness in tumor surgery. Adapting surgical strategy based on histology and tumor location, as well as integrating minimally invasive techniques, can improve patient survival and quality of life. The present paper describes the latest advances in the surgical treatment of primary spinal tumors, discusses current techniques and strategies, and prospects for further research in this area.
Role of Non-Mesh Grafts in Surgical Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Vardikian A. G. , Papoian A. O. , Kazikhinurov R. A. , Shamsov B. I. , Pavlov V. N.
Published: October 2024

Stress urinary incontinence refers to a multifactorial disease characterized by involuntary urination associated with a sudden increase in intra­abdominal pressure. Millions of females around the world suffer from stress incontinence each year. Conservative methods of treatment and physical rehabilitation are considered to be ineffective, thereby driving the need for surgical treatment. Sling surgeries comprise a widely used surgical technique for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence due to their affordability and minimal time investment. Introduction of synthetic polypropylene mesh prostheses in the treatment of stress incontinence made them the most common material. However, the accumulated experience and complications associated with the use of mesh grafts contribute to the recent decline in the popularity of synthetic slings and give rise to the search for and development of alternative materials for the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Since the need for treatment of urinary incontinence remains high, fascia autograft surgeries have been proposed, even though they require an additional surgical procedure and expose the patient to complications at the donor site of the graft. In addition, surgeons use allografts and xenografts, and regenerative technology is developing in this field. Considering high social significance of this problem, the present paper is aimed at reviewing the scientific literature concerning grafts for the treatment of stress incontinence.
Phytobezoar as a Cause of Recurrent Obturation Intestinal Obstruction. A Clinical Case in Surgical Practice
Authors: Hasanov A. G. , Fayazov R. R. , Garaev R. R. , Shaibakov D. G. , Ibatullin E. R. , Shayakhmetov R. R.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Phytobezoar refers to a foreign body accumulated in the stomach when swallowing substances of natural or synthetic origin. Phytobezoar is formed in the stomach and small intestine, its etiopathogenesis is yet to be investigated. It causes obturation intestinal obstruction, which requires emergency surgical intervention. The paper presents a clinical case in surgical practice of phytobezoar in the small intestine which was complicated by a recurrent obturation intestinal obstruction. Aim: to present a clinical case of phytobezoar in the form of recurrent obturation intestinal obstruction. Materials and methods. 66­years old female patient Kh. underwent surgical treatment for obturation intestinal obstruction caused by phytobezoar twice within a short period of time. The gastric resection and consumption of bezoar-dangerous products due to a dried­fruit diet were considered to be the prerequisite for the formation of phytobezoar. According to the pathomorphologic examination, the intervention included laparotomy, enterotomy and phytobezoar extraction. Results and discussion. A complete revision of the abdominal cavity organs was performed during the first laparotomy with no other fragments of phytobezoar found. Following the first surgery and before discharge, the patient underwent ultrasound, CT scan of abdominal cavity organs, fibrogastroscopy — no volumetric pathologic formations in the abdominal cavity were detected. Therefore, the phybobezoar was assumably formed again in a relatively short period of time and led to the development of reobstruction. The patient was discharged with recovery.Conclusion. The clinical case shows that in surgical practice phytobezoar can get formed repeatedly in a short period of time and lead to the development of recurrent intestinal obstruction.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU CERITA BERGAMBAR DIGITAL SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Maulidiya Dina , Djuanda Dadan , Iswara Prana Dwija
Published: October 2024

The lack of reading comprehension skills in grade II elementary school students is the impetus for this research because reading media has the potential to improve reading comprehension skills. Researchers developed digital picture storybooks as a tool to help students gain reading comprehension to overcome this problem. The purpose of this study is to provide details about the development of picture storybooks that researchers will make, including development design, validation results, and user responses. Design and Development (D&D) using the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation (ADDIE). The resulting product was assessed by 2 material experts, 2 media experts, and 22 student users. The material expert feasibility test received an overall average score of 86.5% with the criteria “very feasible”. Then the final results of the media expert feasibility test get an overall average score of 92.5% with the criteria “very feasible”. Based on the media trial, user responses were obtained which showed an overall average score of 94.75% with “very good” criteria for picture storybooks as a learning media for reading comprehension that had been developed. This research corroborates the finding that students tend to like digital media (electronic), gadgets, and connected to the internet.
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SISWA KELAS III
Authors: Morningrum Roro Dewila , Latifah Nur , Kurniawan Eka Yulyawan
Published: October 2024

Learning media is a tool to make learning and teaching activities easier, so that students understand lessons more easily, while interactive media is the use of computers to combine text, graphics, audio, moving images (video and animation) into one unit with links and tools. appropriate so that it allows multimedia users to navigate, interact, create and communicate. And literacy skills are the ability to master knowledge in a particular field when someone uses reading and writing skills to deepen their understanding of a subject or topic. This research aims to determine the effect of interactive learning media on students' literacy skills. The research method used is quantitative experiment. The subjects studied were class III students at SDS Tunas Harapan, Tangerang Regency. Data collection instruments use observation, tests and documentation. The research results show that the average results of the pre-test and post-test are different, thereby indicating the influence of interactive media on literacy skills. The pre-test score before being given treatment in the form of interactive media, the score obtained by the control class was 69.5 and the experimental class was 73.7. Meanwhile, the value obtained in the post-test using interactive learning media, the value obtained by the control class was 84.9 and the experimental class was 88.9.
EFEKTIVITAS METODE SHOW AND TELL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA SERTA SOSIAL EMOSIONALSISWA KELAS IV
Authors: Musarofah Isnaeni , Iswara Prana Dwija , Djuanda Dadan
Published: October 2024

Speaking skills are an essential component of school learning that needs to be learned. In the same way, to support learning activities, students need to develop their social emotional skills. But in reality, some students still have a tough time in speaking also not able to manage their social emotional skills. This study aims to see the effectiveness of show and tell method in speaking also social emotiona skillsl. The method used was experiments with a pre-experimental research design, also used one-shot case study, one sample t-test to test the achievability of learning with minimum completion criteria and independent sample t-test to evaluate a different in speaking skills of male and female students. Fourth grade students in Bandung Regency were the subjects of this study. Based on the results of the study, the average score of students' practical speaking skills was 84.1 seen from the assessment indicators. Show and tell method was effectively used with variations in students' performance.
ANALISIS METODE BLENDED LEARNING TERHADAP INTERAKSI SISWA DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Wijaya Syahrul Andi , Bakhtiar Afakhrul Masub
Published: October 2024

The world of education continues to develop rapidly after the pandemic and presents various solutions. With the increasing number of learning methods available, and with increasingly varied learning. This article aims to provide an overview for teachers so they can use the Blended Learning learning method well and effectively. It is hoped that Blended Learning can be a solution for more interactive learning in learning. Both interactive between students and between teachers and students. The research method used in this article is literature study from various sources, both journals or results of previous researchers, as well as supporting books. The results of previous research are used in building conclusions.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Simarmata Ester Julinda , Sitanggang Robertus , Sinaga Reflina , Lumbanraja Bogor , Ambarwati Nova Florentina , Tanjung Darinda Sofia
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of the inquiry learning model on student learning outcomes in class IV Mathematics at SD Negeri 22 Sigaol Marbun for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research method used is an experimental method with a quantitative research type. To obtain the data required a test instrument of 25 questions. The total research sample was 31 students based on purposive sampling technique. To determine students' initial abilities, the research conducted a Pre Test with an average score of 56.77 which was included in the poor category. The results of the Post Test have improved from the Pre Test results given previously with the students' average score reaching 73.29 in the good category. It can be said that the level of success in student learning outcomes has increased as evidenced by the results of the correlation coefficient test calculation, which obtained r_count ≥r_tabel with results of 0.716 ≥ 0.355. Next, hypothesis testing compares the t_count ≥t_table value. The obtained value of t_count = 5.523 while t_table = 1.696. Because t_count ≥t_table (5.523 ≥ 1.696) then H_a is accepted and H_o is rejected. Through the t-test, it can be concluded that there is a significant positive influence between the Inquiry learning model (X) on student learning outcomes (Y).
The application of event analysis in studying the country image of Venezuela during the transition period under the presidency of Hugo Chávez
Authors: Pivovarova N. S.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the present research is adaptation of the event analysis method to the study of country image using the image of Venezuela in the US print media as an example. Reports from such newspapers as “The New York Times”, “The Wall Street Journal” and “Los Angeles Times” were examined. The information array (data bank) consisted of 337 reports published from January 1999 to July 2000. The obtained data was coded manually using a five-point scale. The events were also quantified manually. For studying the dynamics of United States-Venezuela relations during the period under study an original technique developed by Tsinghua University of China was applied. The results of content analysis were completed with the event analysis results. The conducted research confirmed the hypothesis about the relevance of applying this method to country image examination. Use of the event analysis method enabled us to support our hypotheses and to systematize and process a large body of information reported by the media. The research brought us to the conclusion that the US media were creating a negative image of Venezuela. It was found that the media focused on reports about economic crisis in Venezuela during the elections and in periods of political transformation. The conclusion was made about the neutral character of US-Venezuelan relationship and the reserved position of the media in reports on events in Venezuela. In addition, event analysis demonstrated that personification in media coverage was not the major trend during the period under study.