bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio comparativo de dos poetas : César Vallejo y Li Sang
Authors: Ko de Carranza Hyesun
Published: May 2023

En este trabajo vamos a comparar a dos poetas que vivieron en la misma época y con el mismo afán de renovar la poesía a pesar de la distancia física. Uno es el poeta coreano Li Sang (1910-1937) y el otro es César Vallejo (1892-1938).
Una glosa inédita del novohispano José de Arrázola y algunas variantes mexicanas a las obras de Femán González de Eslava y Gutierre de Cetina
Authors: Lasarte Pedro
Published: May 2023

El 26 de junio de 1973, en una subasta de la casa Sotheby, la biblioteca de la Universidad de Pensilvania compró un cancionero poético, de 191 folios, de principios del siglo XVII, que contiene un total de 211 composiciones de los siglos áureos españoles. El manuscrito -clasificado como el «Ms. Codex 193»- había pertenecido a Vicente Isabel Osorio de Moscoso, Marqués de Astorga, quien hacia 1820 lo vendió al coleccionista británico Sir Thomas Phillipps (1792-1872).1 Sotheby pensó que procedía de las regiones entre Salamanca y la frontera portuguesa porque contiene obras de Camoes y de dos «profesores de Salamanca»: Fray Luis de León y Fray Pedro de Ledesma; pero, como hemos logrado mostrar en varias ocasiones, es casi seguro que el cancionero se compiló más bien en México y no en Espaúa
El Acuerdo de Libre Comercio Norteamericano (NAFTA)
Authors: Furnish Dale Beck
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Teoría y práctica de la ampliación comunitaria en los 90.
Authors: Perera Gómez Eduardo
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Conformación del sistema político ruso : un proceso no concluido
Authors: Hernández Mármol Sofía
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Mozambique : proceso de paz y rol de la observación electoral internacional
Authors: Beoutis Alejandro
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
La distorsión del nacionalismo en América Latina y sus potenciales amenazas a la seguridad hemisférica
Authors: Lázaro Geldres Jorge
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Privatizando el medio ambiente ¿un rubro contradictorio para el desarrollo sostenible?
Authors: Fisher Jeffrey A.
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Los créditos a entidades gubernamentales según la doctrina de la inmunidad de soberanos extranjeros en los Estados Unidos
Authors: Marroig de Schiappa-Pietra Johanna
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
La paz como derecho humano fundamental
Authors: Mac Gregor Felipe
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Educación para la paz
Authors: Trahtemberg Siederer León
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
La ONU y Koffi Annan : ¿cambio o compromiso?
Authors: Mindreau Montero Manuel
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Validez lógico-formal y vigencia de las normas jurídicas internacionales
Authors: Herrera Guerra Jorge Luis
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
La Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos cincuenta años después
Authors: Novak Talavera Fabián
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Algunas reflexiones a propósito de la ciudadanía de la Unión Europea
Authors: Ruda Santolaria Juan José
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
El derecho de visita y captura
Authors: García-Corrochano Moyano Luis
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
La perspectiva de género en el derecho civil comparado
Authors: Zambrano Copello Verónica
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Reflexiones sobre la política exterior peruana
Authors: Morelli Pando Jorge
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Protección internacional de los derechos de las personas privadas de libertad
Authors: Castañeda Otsu Susana
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Entrevista al Doctor Salomón Lerner Febres
Authors: Novak Talavera Fabián , Salmón Gárate Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

La entrevista no presenta resumen.
La denominada cláusula democrática como modalidad de condicionamiento en los programas de ayuda al desarrollo de la Unión Europea
Authors: Cordero Galdós Humberto
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
El conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Soberón Garrido Ricardo
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Israel y su agenda prospectiva para el 2003
Authors: Trahtemberg Siederer León
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Responsabilidad internacional de los estados frente a los inversionistas extranjeros : comentarios en torno a la debida aplicación del derecho por los tribunales CIADI
Authors: Carbajal Valenzuela Christian
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
El problema marítimo boliviano
Authors: Prudencio Lizón Ramiro
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Aproximación al marco histórico y cultural del sistema legal preoccidental del Japón
Authors: Schiappa-Pietra Oscar
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Crimen de agresión, crimen sin castigo
Authors: Remiro Brotóns Antonio
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
La política exterior española en torno a Iraq y la relevancia del consensus en los ordenamientos interno e internacional
Authors: Jiménez Piernas Carlos
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Una reflexión sobre el diferendo argentino uruguayo por la construcción en territorio uruguayo de dos papeleras sobre el río Uruguay
Authors: Gros Espiell Héctor
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Cuestiones de hecho y de derecho en la controversia por las celulósicas del río Uruguay
Authors: Drnas de Clément Zlata
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
La biodiversidad del Perú y las negociaciones en materia de propiedad intelectual en la OMC : la relación entre el Acuerdo de los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual relacionado con el comercio y el Convenio de Diversidad Biológica
Authors: Neyra Sánchez Alejandro
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
El tratamiento internacional de las políticas de desarrollo económico en el ámbito de las inversiones
Authors: Trujillo Tejada Verónica
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
El parlamento del Mercosur : ¿un avance hacia la institucionalización?
Authors: Perrone Nicolás M. , Barral Welber
Published: May 2023

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Protective Effect of Ficus carica against the Insecticide Deltamethrin Toxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Benzazia S. , Boulkenafet F. , Nadji S. , Al-Mekhlafi F.A. , Wadaan M.A. , Al-Khalifa M.S. , Thiruvengadam M.
Published: May 2023

Background: Over time, people have created customs related to the use of medicinal plants as a means to safeguard health against harmful agents like pesticides. This study seeks to assess how effective Ficus carica is in safeguarding Wistar rats against the toxic effects of the insecticide Deltamethrin. Methods: Six groups of 42 rats are used, G1 (control), G2 and G3 (treated with Ficus carica leaves extract at two doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/d), G4 (treated by Deltamethrin 15 mg/kg/d), G5 and G6 (treated with the combination Deltamethrin-plant). After 30 days of treatment, blood and organs are collected for the biochemical analyses (glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, transaminases, creatinine and urea) and histological samples (liver and kidneys). Result: The study revealed a notable increase (P≤0.001) in the biochemical parameters of the group treated with Deltamethrin, as compared to the control group, accompanied by several histological changes. However, the results demonstrated that the extract of Ficus carica leaves can mitigate the toxicity induced by Deltamethrin, resulting in a substantial improvement in both the biochemical parameters and histological structure of the liver and kidneys in the groups treated with the combined Deltamethrin and Ficus carica extract.
Antibiotic resistance pattern: a descriptive analysis at the general hospitals of Basra, Iraq during 2021
Authors: Mahmoud Rajaa Ahmed , Khalid Fadhil Abbas Al Rubaie  , Fadhila Imad Attwan Al Mahfoodh
Published: May 2023

Antimicrobial resistance is a major problem in the new history of medicine all over the world. However, there are no previously available data on the exact situation or the extent of the problem in Basra to estimate the overall prevalence of antibiotic resistance by specifying it according to the causative organisms in Basra general hospitals during 2021. The study is a descriptive analysis that was conducted in 5 main hospitals in Basra, Iraq in 2021. Data related to the causative microorganisms and the antibiotic selection from 1384 patients were included. Overall, resistance against Penicillin G, Amoxicillin, Cefuroxime, and Cefixime was found to be the highest. Pneumonia, Enterococcus faecalis, and Proteus mirabilis were included in the study and found to be resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial agents.  Overall, there is a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Basra. And to address the problem, specific actions need to be taken at the individual, institutional, and national levels.
Keywords:  Antibiotic; antimicrobial resistance; prevalence; hospitals.
Impacto de la vacunación completa contra COVID-19 sobre las tasas de letalidad y muertes por millón de habitantes en América al 05/06/2022
Authors: Mora-Alvarado Darner A.
Published: May 2023

En este estudio se aborda el impacto de la vacunación completa con dos dosis contra la COVID-19, sobre las tasas de letalidad y muertes/millón de hab, de la enfermedad en 33 países de América al 05/06/2022. Para cumplir con este objetivo, se recolectaron los datos aportados por las plataformas digitales de “datosmacro.expansion.com” y “Statista.com” sobre los datos de los casos confirmados, muertes, letalidad, muertes/millón de hab y vacunación contra la COVID-19, entre otros. Con estos datos, se valoró el impacto de la vacunación completa mediante la aplicación de las correlaciones parciales entre los porcentajes de cobertura de dicha vacunación versus las tasas de letalidad y las muertes/millón de hab. Los resultados de América, se diferencia en mucho de los otros cuatro continentes y a nivel global, debido a que los valores “r” de la vacunación con ambas variables, indican asociaciones positivas (>1), contrario a lo que se observa en los otros continentes, específicamente entre la vacunación y la letalidad, en donde la asociación fue inversa (-1 a 0,0), lo cual es lógica, porque a mayor cobertura de avance en la vacunación completa, menor es la mortalidad por la COVID-19. No obstante, en el caso de indicador de muertes de COVID-19/millón de hab, la valoración del impacto de vacunación, no es tan sensible como en el caso de las tasas de letalidad, definida como muertes de COVID-19/casos confirmados por la enfermedad al 05/06/2022.
Impacto de la vaunación completa contra COVID-19 sobre las tasas de letalidad y muertes por millón de habitantes en Europa al 05/06/2022
Authors: Mora-Alvarado Darner A.
Published: May 2023

El presente estudio aborda el impacto de la vacunación completa-con dos dosis-contra la COVID-19 en 47 naciones europeas, en la letalidad y mortalidad/millón de habitantes al 05/06/2022, mediante la aplicación del coeficiente de correlación lineal de Pearson al 95% de confianza entre los porcentajes de población con la letalidad general o muertes/casos confirmadosx100 y las muertes/millón de habitantes. Los resultados indican que: el valor “r” de asociación o correlación lineal entre la vacunación con las tasas de letalidad y las muertes/millón de hab, fue de -0,63 y -0,26, lo cual es una asociación inversa fuerte con la letalidad y una correlación inversa moderada con las muertes/millón en los países europeos estudiados. La comparación de los valores “r” de correlación lineal con los otros continentes, demuestran que la menor desigualdad de Europa en la vacunación completa contra la COVID-19, se refleja con mayor fortaleza inversa entre la asociación de las variables de vacunación con las letalidades y muertes/millón de habitantes.
Words are Noble!
Authors: Daniele Franca
Published: May 2023

Words are noble; they should always be respected and expressed wisely. Words should never be used to vincere, from Latin, meaning ‘to win’, ‘to conquer’, but rather to convincere from Latin, meaning ‘to win’, ‘to conquer’- con ‘with’, ‘together’. This is especially true for a historic period like the one we are living today, with the pandemic and wars all over the world.
The domestic pigeon (Columba livia) and its association with self-perceived respiratory and skin morbidity in a neighborhood of Bogotá
Authors: Méndez-Mancera Viviana Marcela , Alejandro Daniel
Published: May 2023

With their food and shelter seeking habits, pigeons are often found in places where humans are present. However, these shared spaces can host public health risks for the transmission of zoonoses. Therefore, we sought to explore the existing relationship between the presence of domestic pigeons (Columba livia) and self-perceived respiratory and skin morbidity in individuals in a neighborhood of Bogotá, Colombia. We conducted a cross-sectional neighborhood survey from February to May, 2014. Random and probabilistic sampling based on a list of dwellings was conducted. All of the dwellings in the neighborhood, as well as all the inhabitants at home during the survey, were included. A univariate and bivariate descriptive analysis was carried out, to establish statistical relationships based on use of the chi-square test and prevalence ratios. Also, a negative binomial regression model was used to determine the relationship between some pigeon exposures and the number of self-perceived symptoms. Respiratory and skin self-perceived symptoms were surveyed, along with the conditions in the dwellings and the presence of pigeons and their droppings. Altogether, 27.4% of those surveyed reported pigeon droppings within their dwellings or outside of them, and 33.1% stated they had experienced contact with pigeon droppings. The presence of sick pigeons around the houses was associated with self-reported headaches, rhinorrhoea and sneezing. Similarly, droppings inside dwellings were associated with a range of self-reported symptoms, such as fever, dry cough and sneezing. The self-perception of respiratory and skin symptoms, and their association with the presence of pigeons may indicate that zoonotic transmission of pathogens has occurred in the respondents, despite the limitations of the study. Contact with domestic Columba livia pigeons or their droppings has previously been identified as a transmission route for zoonotic microorganisms.
PENGGUNAAN LANGKAH POLYA UNTUK MENGANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hayati Rahmi , Surya Edy , Kartika Yessi , Karim Asrul , Fachrurazi Fachrurazi
Published: May 2023

Students' abilities to solve mathematical problems are still limited, and they are not yet familiar with the topics being covered. The purpose of this study is to characterize students' abilities to resolve mathematical problems, particularly those involving geometry, according to the Polya progression. Research plan utilizing a qualitative approach with 40 students from Grade V at the State Primary School in Bireuen, Indonesia.Problem solving is seen as the crowning achievement of mathematics education since it focuses on developing students' reasoning and problem-solving skills in addition to their conceptual understanding. Students can apply their newfound knowledge and problem-solving skills in their day-to-day lives. The problem-solving process consists of four steps: identifying the issue, formulating a plan to address it, implementing that plan, and conducting follow-up evaluation. Therefore, the ability to create non-routine assignments and the creativity to transform routine text-book assignments into non-routine ones, as well as the ability to develop problem-solving instructional materials for use by students during instruction, are both necessary.
O açúcar nas festas barrocas: a arte efêmera nos séculos XVII e XVIII
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brandão Angela , Yang Klency Kakazu de Brito ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Domenech Fernanda ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Published: May 2023

O trabalho “O açúcar nas festas barrocas: a arte efêmera nos séculos XVII e XVIII” foi um desdobramento do projeto “Artista, artífices, oficiais mecânicos: a sobreposição das tarefas na Arte Brasileira Colonial” (PIBIC 2012-2013) que procurava entender, por meio do “Regimeto dos offciaes mecânicos da mui sempre leal cidade de Lixboa -15724 ”, do “Dicionário de artistas e artífices dos séculos XVII e XIX em Minas Gerais ” de Judith Martins (1974) e dos Exames de Ofícios da Câmara de Mariana como eram as atividades destes mestres no Brasil colonial.
O que é a fotografia hoje
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Tacca Paula Cabral
Published: May 2023

ara tratar desta questão, nesta comunicação, vou resgatar algumas exposições que colocam tal pergunta. Recentemente, duas grandes instituições museológicas, O International Center of Photography, em Nova Iorque, e o Centre Georges Pompidou, em Paris, apresentaram ao público exposições que carregavam de alguma forma a pergunta feita acima em seu próprio título, tanto quanto propunham o debate e o pensamento sobre o que é uma fotografia hoje.
Poéticas da matéria: apropriações no contexto da arte brasileira contemporânea
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Santini Renata Favarin
Published: May 2023

O artigo problematiza os procedimentos do artista contemporâneo por meio do exame à três produções, dos artistas Carlos Vergara, José Resende e Karin Lambrecht. No uso de elementos referenciais – abordados no texto como apropriações –, concentrados na matéria do trabalho incidiria um conceito expandido de representação, no qual se apresentam cruzamentos de memórias narrativas e situações plásticas/visuais decorrentes do uso.
Deliberar, incorporar e apropriar: reação ao “inconsciente tecnológico"
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Hipólito Rodrigo
Published: May 2023

Este artigo versa sobre o sentido de apropriação para a arte baseada na web através do cruzamento do conceito de “deliberação”, presente na filosofia de Vilém Flüsser, com a ideia de “incorporação”, apresentada por Lúcia Santaella. Ao sublinhar a importância de estratégias de apropriação para construção de poéticas digitais evidencia-se também o papel da criação de “ruído” frente ao “inconsciente tecnológico”, indicado por Oliver Dyes como próprio da atual sociedade de “caixas-pretas”.
Aprendizaje Facilitado por Docentes (AFPD): una metodología didáctica para el aprendizaje basado en el trabajo cooperativo
Authors: Ramirez Oswaldo Enrique , Arana Ruiz María Margarita , Kiyamu Tsuchiya Melisa , Mendoza Aquije Manuel , Dioses Flores Bertha
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: se describe el AFPD y los niveles de satisfacción de los estudiantes acerca de esta metodología en dos cursos universitarios de biología. Se discute la importancia de los factores que condicionan el aprendizaje cuando se emplea el AFPD y las competencias que requieren tener los docentes que utilizan esta metodología. Caso: esta metodología promueve el aprendizaje a partir del trabajo en equipo donde los estudiantes transitan desde el estudio individual hacia uno cooperativo que les permite afianzar el aprendizaje a partir de reuniones de estudio con sus compañeros. El AFPD crea oportunidades para que los estudiantes contrasten sus aprendizajes, corrijan sus errores, discutan sus interpretaciones, enseñen y aprendan entre ellos, mejorando sus estrategias de aprendizaje y desarrollando habilidades sociales y personales. Los resultados sugieren que esta metodología ha sido positivamente valorada por los estudiantes. Las encuestas mostraron que alrededor de 85% de los estudiantes consideró que la metodología es excelente o buena y alrededor del 95% consideró que el desempeño del equipo docente fue excelente o bueno. El 93% de los estudiantes consideró que el nivel del curso fue adecuado para los estudiantes del primer año, y más del 90% de los estudiantes manifestaron haber quedado satisfechos o muy satisfechos con el desarrollo de las asignaturas. Conclusión : la aplicación del AFPD ha sido satisfactoria para los estudiantes de los cursos de biología y contribuye a la formación integral de los estudiantes.
A Hybrid Deep CNN-SVM Approach for Brain Tumor Classification
Authors: Biswas Angona , Islam Md. Saiful
Published: May 2023

Background: Feature extraction process is noteworthy in order to categorize brain tumors. Handcrafted feature extraction process consists of profound limitations. Similarly, without appropriate classifier, the promising improved results can’t be obtained.
Objective: This paper proposes a hybrid model for classifying brain tumors more accurately and rapidly is a preferable choice for aggravating tasks. The main objective of this research is to classify brain tumors through Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM)-based hybrid model.
Methods: The MRI images are firstly preprocessed to improve the feature extraction process through the following steps: resize, effective noise reduction, and contrast enhancement.  Noise reduction is done by anisotropic diffusion filter, and contrast enhancement is done by adaptive histogram equalization. Secondly, the implementation of augmentation enhances the data number and data variety. Thirdly, custom deep CNN is constructed for meaningful deep feature extraction. Finally, the superior machine learning classifier SVM is integrated for classification tasks. After that, this proposed hybrid model is compared with transfer learning models: AlexNet, GoogLeNet, and VGG16.
Results: The proposed method uses the ‘Figshare’ dataset and obtains 96.0% accuracy, 98.0% specificity, and 95.71% sensitivity, higher than other transfer learning models. Also, the proposed model takes less time than others.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of the proposed deep CNN-SVM model divulges by the performance, which manifests that it extracts features automatically without overfitting problems and improves the classification performance for hybrid structure, and is less time-consuming.
 
Keywords:  Adaptive histogram equalization, Anisotropic diffusion filter, Deep CNN, E-health, Machine learning, SVM, Transfer learning.
Diastasis of Symphysis Pubis In 18-Years Old Female Patient Treated With Conservative Pelvic Binder: Case Report
Authors: Basudana Trisna Angga , Nurmalasari Mifta , Hafizh Austana Nur , Mahyuddin Muhammad Hanun
Published: May 2023

Background: Pelvic trauma is commonly associated with high-velocity force-like road traffic accidents and carries high rates of complications, including diastasis of the symphysis pubis. The diastasis of symphysis pubis prevalence rate has been reported at 13-16%. This case report aimed to review the effectiveness of conservative pelvic binders in diastasis of the symphysis pubis in the emergency setting.Case Report: An eighteen years old female patient was referred to the Emergency Unit because of a motorcycle accident. She revealed worsening abdominal pain, unable to move both legs and swollen and bruised vulva. The patient is fully conscious, and the vital sign revealed low blood pressure of 89/56 mmHg. The AP pelvis X-ray showed diastasis symphysis pubis marked 3.87 cm wide. Immediate resuscitation was performed, stabilizing the pelvis using a conservative pelvic binder. X-ray evaluation showed surprisingly successful results as the symphyseal gap reduced to 0.66 cm. Discussion: In this case, the symphyseal gap was >2.5 cm, indicating surgical treatment. Recent studies suggest conservative therapy has good outcomes in the symphyseal gap >2.5 cm. Considering the patient's young age and no comorbidities, it was assumed that the healing process would occur quickly, so conservative treatment was chosen first. However, further evaluation is still needed due to the limitation of the follow-up from the patient. Conclusion: Conservative treatment using a pelvic binder called gurita is effective for emergencies with inadequate medical equipment.
The mTOR signaling pathway in cardiac aging
Authors: Dai Dao-Fu , Kang Ping , Bai Hua
Published: May 2023

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is one of the most important signaling pathways that regulate nutrient sensing, cell growth, metabolism, and aging. The mTOR pathway, particularly mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), has been shown to control aging, lifespan, and healthspan through the regulation of protein synthesis, autophagy, mitochondrial function, and metabolic health. The mTOR pathway also plays critical roles in the heart, from cardiac development, growth and maturation, and maintenance of cardiac homeostasis. Hyperactivation of mTORC1 signaling is well documented in aging and many age-related pathologies, including age-related cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. Suppression of mTORC1 by calorie restriction or rapamycin not only extends lifespan but also restores youthful phenotypes in the heart. In this article, we review model organisms of cardiac aging and highlight recent advances in the impact of the mTORC1 pathway on organismal and cardiac aging, particularly in Drosophila and mice. We focus on the downstream signaling pathways S6 kinase and 4EBP1, which regulates protein synthesis, as well as ULK1 and its related pathway that regulates autophagy. The interaction with mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) and its potential role in cardiac aging are also discussed.
On the Jacobi Stability of Two SIR Epidemic Patterns With Demography
Authors: Munteanu Florian
Published: May 2023

In this work, we consider two SIR patterns with demography: the classical pattern and a modified pattern with a linear transmission coefficient of the infection. By reformulating of each first order differential systems as a system with two second-order differential equations, we investigate the nonlinear dynamics of the system from the Jacobi stability point of view by using the KCC geometric theory. We will study the intrinsic geometric properties of the systems by determining the geometric associated objects: the zero-connection curvature tensor, the nonlinear connection, the Berwald connection, and the five KCC invariants: the first invariant - the external force εi, the second invariant - the deviation curvature tensor Pji, the third invariant - the torsion tensor Pjki, the fourth invariant - the Riemann-Christoffel curvature tensor Pjkli, and the fifth invariant - the Douglas tensor Djkli. In order to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the Jacobi stability near the equilibrium points, the deviation curvature tensor will be determined at each equilibrium points. Furthermore, we will compare the Jacobi stability with the classical linear stability, inclusive by diagrams related to the values of parameters of the system.
A Note on Nearly Sasakian Manifolds
Authors: Massamba Fortuné , Nzunogera Arthur
Published: May 2023

A class of nearly Sasakian manifolds is considered. We discussion geometric effects of some symmetries on such manifolds, and show, under a certain condition, that the class of Ricci-symmetric nearly Sasakian manifolds is a subclass of Einstein manifolds. We prove that a nearly Sasakian space form with Ricci tensor satisfying the Codazzi equation is either a Sasakian manifold with a constant $\phi$-holomorphic sectional curvature $\mathcal{H}=1$ or a $5$-dimensional proper nearly Sasakian manifold with a constant $\phi$-holomorphic sectional curvature $\mathcal{H}>1$. We also prove that the spectrum of the operator $H^{2}$ generated by the nearly Sasakian manifold is a set of simple eigenvalue $0$ and an eigenvalue of multiplicity $4$. We show that there exist integrable distributions on the same manifolds with totally geodesic leaves, and prove that there are no proper nearly Sasakian space forms with constant sectional curvature.
Changing on the Concentrations of Neonicotinoids in Rice and Drinking Water through Heat Treatment Process
Authors: Wei Ziyang , Zhang Bo , Li Xu , Gao Yanxia , He Yuan , Xue Jingchuan , Zhang Tao
Published: May 2023

Neonicotinoids (NEOs) have become the most widely used insecticides in the world since the mid-1990s. According to Chinese dietary habits, rice and water are usually heated before being consumed, but the information about the alteration through the heat treatment process is very limited. In this study, the parents of NEOs (p-NEOs) accounted for >99% of the total NEOs mass (∑NEOs) in both uncooked (median: 66.8 ng/g) and cooked (median: 41.4 ng/g) rice samples from Guangdong Province, China, while the metabolites of NEOs (m-NEOs) involved in this study accounted for less than 1%. We aimed to reveal the concentration changes of NEOs through heat treatment process, thus, several groups of rice and water samples from Guangdong were cooked and boiled, respectively. Significant (p < 0.05) reductions in acetamiprid, imidacloprid (IMI), thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam (THM) have been observed after the heat treatment of the rice samples. In water samples, the concentrations of THM and dinotefuran decreased significantly (p < 0.05) after the heat treatment. These results indicate the degradation of p-NEOs and m-NEOs during the heat treatment process. However, the concentrations of IMI increased significantly in tap water samples (p < 0.05) after heat treatment process, which might be caused by the potential IMI precursors in those industrial pesticide products. The concentrations of NEOs in rice and water can be shifted by the heat treatment process, so this process should be considered in relevant human exposure studies.
Iterative Oblique Decision Trees Deliver Explainable RL Models
Authors: Engelhardt Raphael C. , Oedingen Marc , Lange Moritz , Wiskott Laurenz , Konen Wolfgang
Published: May 2023

The demand for explainable and transparent models increases with the continued success of reinforcement learning. In this article, we explore the potential of generating shallow decision trees (DT) as simple and transparent surrogate models for opaque deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents. We investigate three algorithms for generating training data for axis-parallel and oblique DTs with the help of DRL agents ("oracles") and evaluate these methods on classic control problems from OpenAI Gym. The results show that one of our newly developed algorithms, the iterative training, outperforms traditional sampling algorithms, resulting in well-performing DTs that often even surpass the oracle from which they were trained. Even higher dimensional problems can be solved with surprisingly shallow DTs. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different sampling methods and insights into the decision-making process made possible by the transparent nature of DTs. Our work contributes to the development of not only powerful but also explainable RL agents and highlights the potential of DTs as a simple and effective alternative to complex DRL models.
Encapsulant Materials and Their Adoption in Photovoltaic Modules: A Brief Review
Authors: Dintcheva Nadka Tz. , Morici Elisabetta , Colletti Claudio
Published: May 2023

In the last two decades, the continuous ever growing demand for energy has determined a significant development in the production of photovoltaic (PV) modules. Anyway, a critical and very important issue in the module design process is the adoption of suitable encapsulant materials and technologies for cell embedding. Therefore, adopted encapsulants have a significant impact on modules efficiency, stability and reliability, and to ensure the unchanged performance of PV modules in time, the encapsulant materials must be selected properly. The selection of encapsulant materials must maintain a good balance between the encapsulant performance in time and costs, related to materials production and technologies for cells embedding. However, the encapsulants must ensure excellent isolation of active photovoltaic elements by the environment, preserving accurately the PV cells against humidity, oxygen and accidental causes that may compromise the PV modules function. This review provides an overview of different encapsulant materials, their main advantages and disadvantages in adoption for PV production, and also in relation to used encapsulant technologies for cell embedding, additives and the interaction of these materials with other PV components.
Modes of Operation and Forcing in Oil Spill Modeling: State-of-Art, Deficiencies and Challenges
Authors: Keramea Panagiota , Kokkos Nikolaos , Zodiatis George , Sylaios Georgios
Published: May 2023

Oil spills may have devastating effects on marine ecosystems, public health, the economy, and coastal communities. Therefore, scientific literature contains various up-to-date, advanced oil spill predictive models, capable to simulate the trajectory and evolution of an oil slick generated by the accidental release from ships, hydrocarbons production, or other activities. To predict in near real time oil spill transport and fate with increased reliability these models are usually coupled operationally to synoptic meteorological, hydrodynamic, and wave models. The present study reviews the available different met-ocean forcings that have been used in oil spill modeling, simulating hypothetical or real oil spill scenarios, worldwide. Nine state-of-the-art oil spill models are critically examined in terms of the met-ocean data used as forcing inputs in the simulation of twenty-four case studies. Results illustrate that most oil spill models are coupled to different resolution, forecasting meteorological and hydrodynamic models, posing, however, limited consideration in the forecasted wave field (expressed as the significant wave height, the wave period and the Stokes drift) that may affect oil transport, especially at the coastal areas. Moreover, the majority of oil spill models lacks any linkage to the background biogeochemical conditions, hence, limited consideration is given in processes like oil biodegradation, photo-oxidation and sedimentation. Future advancements in oil spill modeling should be directed towards the full operational coupling with high-resolution atmospheric, hydrodynamic, wave, and biogeochemical models, improving our understanding in the relative impact of each physical and oil weathering process.
Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluation of Biotin-SN38-valproic Acid Conjugates
Authors: Dai Yi , Zhang Yang , Ye Tianxiang , Chen Yue
Published: May 2023

Despite the strong anticancer activity of SN38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), some defects prevent its clinical application, such as severe side effects and loss of anticancer activity due to lack of selectivity to cancer cells and hydrolysis of ring E, respectively. To address the issue, herein a multifunctional SN38 derivative (compound 9) containing biotin (tumor-targeting group) and valproic acid (histone deacetylase inhibitor, HDACi) was synthesized via click chemistry and evaluated using MTT assay. The in vitro cytotoxicity study showed that compound 9 exhibited superior cytotoxicity as irinotecan against human cervical cancer HeLa cells, albeit inferior to SN38. More significantly, compound 9 significantly reduced toxicity in mouse embryonic fibroblast NIH3T3 cells, indicating that compound 9 had the capacity to enhance tumor targeting due to its cell selectivity. Further studies demonstrated that compared with irinotecan, compound 9 induced similar apoptosis of cancer cells. Consequently, compound 9 can not only improve its tumor-targeting ability mediated by biotin but also exert the potent anticancer activity through the synergism of SN38 and valproic acid, indicating that the design concept is an effective strategy for structural modification of SN38.
Changes in Physical and Chemical Parameters of Beetroot and Carrot Juices Obtained by Lactic Fermentation
Authors: Janiszewska-Turak Emilia , Pobiega Katarzyna , Rybak Katarzyna , Synowiec Alicja , Woźniak Łukasz , Trych Urszula , Gniewosz Małgorzata , Witrowa-Rajchert Dorota
Published: May 2023

Recently, the popularity of fermented foods has increased significantly. Lactofermented vegetable juice products are particularly important for our diet. The combination of the richness of the ingredients derived from vegetable juices and the products formed during lactic fermentation is a valuable source of nutrients. This study aimed to analyse the selected properties of fermented beetroot, carrot, and beetroot-carrot juices. The juices obtained from beetroot and carrot were fermented with bacterial strains Lactiplantibacillus plantarum or Levilactobacillus brevis. Density, extract, dry matter content, pH, total acidity, pigments (betalain or carotenoids), color, and LAB count were measured in the samples. The results obtained in this study showed that the used LAB strains were capable of fermenting the analyzed juices. It was proven that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was a better strain for fermentation ion of vegetable juice. This might have been influenced by the fermentation temperature and the duration of the fermentation. However, this strain had a lower effect on carotenoids, which are water-insoluble pigments, than Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. The opposite observation was made for betalain, a water-soluble pigment with nitrogen in its structure.
Dietary Supplementation of a Mixture of Nucleotides, β-Glucan and Vitamins C and E Improved the Growth and Health Performance of Olive Flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Medagoda Nalin , Chotikachinda Rutchanee , Hasanthi Mirasha , Lee Kyeong-Jun
Published: May 2023

A twelve-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of a functional immunostimulant mixture (FIM; nucleotides, β-glucan and vitamins C and E) on growth, feed utilization, innate immunity, digestive enzyme activity, hematological parameters, intestinal morphology and inflammatory gene expression of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. A fish meal-based basal diet (control) was formulated and three other diets were prepared by incorporating 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% FIM into the basal diet (HB0.5, HB1.0 and HB1.5, respectively). Five replicate groups of fish (26.3 ± 0.1 g) were fed one of the experimental diets. Inclusion of 1.5% FIM in the diet significantly enhanced growth and feed utilization. Significantly higher plasma hemoglobin, hematocrit, total protein levels and lower plasma glucose level were observed in HB1.5 group. Total immunoglobulin content, lysozyme, nitroblue tetrazolium, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities and immune-related gene expressions of toll-like receptor and perforin were significantly increased at highest inclusion level. FIM supplementation significantly increased villus height and goblet cell counts. Anti-inflammatory gene expression was significantly upregulated at a 1.5% level. Dietary supplementation of 1.5% of FIM could improve growth and feed utilization, immune, hematological and histomorphological parameters of olive flounder.
Molecular Mechanisms and Risk Factors Related to Pathogenesis of Peyronie's Disease
Authors: Mitsui Yozo , Yamabe Fumito , Hori Shunsuke , Uetani Masato , Kobayashi Hideyuki , Nagao Koichi , Nakajima Koichi
Published: May 2023

Peyronie's disease (PD) is a benign condition caused by plaque formation on the tunica albuginea of the penis. It is associated with penile pain, curvature, and shortening, and contributes to erectile dysfunction, which worsens patient quality of life. In recent years, understanding of the detailed mechanisms and risk factors involved in development of PD has been increasing. In this review, the pathological mechanisms and several closely related signaling pathways, including TGF-β, WNT/β-catenin, Hedgehog, YAP/TAZ, MAPK, ROCK, and PI3K/AKT, are described. Findings regarding cross-talk among these pathways are then discussed to elucidate the complicated cascade behind tunica albuginea fibrosis. Finally, various risk factors including genetic involved in the development of PD are presented and their association with the disease summarized. The purpose of this review is to provide better understanding regarding involvement of risk factors in the molecular mechanisms associated with PD pathogenesis, as well as provide insight into disease prevention and novel therapeutic interventions.
Operation of the Worldwide Lightning Location Network over Spain
Authors: Navarro Enrique A. , Navarro-Modesto Enrique , Segura-Garcia Jaume , Lopez-Ballester Jesus , Portí Jorge A.
Published: May 2023

This study analyses the detection efficiency of the Worldwide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) of sensors over Spain, a comparison is made with the Meteorological Spanish Agency (AEMET) Lightning Detection Network. The WWLLN operates a planetary distributed network of Very Low Frequency (VLF) antennas which detect lightning VLF signals around the Earth. Very high currents from lightning strokes radiate strong VLF signals in the band 6-22 kHz, which are detected up to 10,000 km, therefore WWLLN receiving sensors can be sparsely spaced. However the detection capability of VLF signals depends on the environment, and clean areas with a good ground and no metal parts around must be selected for proper reception. For the area of Spain and Portugal we had two WWLLN sensors in 2012, and three sensors later on for the data of 2020, 2021 and 2022. The sensors in Iberian Peninsula are at a distance of around 760 km; that is very close in comparison with other WWLLN sensors in the Earth which are around 5.000-15.000 km. The WWLLN sensors send the timing of the detection to the central sensor where the location of the lightning is determined with an improved algorithm when a mini-mum of 5 sensors detect the VLF signal. We show that detection efficiency was excellent and consistent with previous studies. Lightning location data from 1st January 2012 to 30st April 2012 from AEMET was used to analyze time and space shared events with the WWLLN network with 0.5s time difference and 20 km distance. The results improved in 2020, 2021 and 2022. More than 40,000 lightning strikes were analyzed in the present work, and we found a detection efficiency > 38%.
The Use of GIS and Multicriteria Techniques for the Socio-Spatial Analysis of Urban Areas in Medium-Sized Spanish Cities
Authors: Abellán Francisco Cebrián , López Gonzalo Andrés , Bellet Sanfeliú Carmen
Published: May 2023

In recent decades, particularly intense changes have occurred in Spanish urban areas. This is the result of demographic and urbanizing transformations that have led to a change in the city model. The predominance of compact forms has been replaced by the growing prominence of urban sprawl. Structures are now more extensive, characterized, in turn, by fragmentation and notable consumption of land in the peripheries. In medium-sized cities, the municipalities bordering the central cities have concentrated the processes of suburbanization and periurbanization. This paper addresses the process of change for 34 cities and their urban areas located in inland Spain. A proposal is made for the delimitation and characterization of urban areas, taking the municipality as the unit of analysis. At the methodological level, six variables are used, analyzed by means of multicriteria statistical techniques combined with the use of GIS tools. An Urban Transformation Index (ITU) has been developed that synthesizes urbanizing, demographic and socioeconomic dynamics. In the territorial area, the 20-minute isochrone is used as a reference. In the temporal domain, the period of analysis addresses the events of the first two decades of the twenty-first century.
Transcriptome Profiling of Developing Testes and Spermatogenesis in the Qianbei Ma Goat
Authors: Zou Yue , Chen Xiang , Tian Xingzhou , Guo Wei , Ruan Yong , Tang Wen , Fu Kaibin , Ji Taotao
Published: May 2023

The achievement of reproductive competence in male mammals is dependent on the testis. Goat testis’ development and spermatogenesis involve physiological events with high complexity. In the current work, 6 testes were respectively collected from immature, sexually mature and physically mature Qianbei Ma goats (1, 6 and 12 months old, respectively). RNA-Seq was carried out to reveal changes in testis mRNA expression levels in Qianbei Ma goats at various developmental stages, and gene expression profiling at different ages was established. Totally 18 libraries were established for screening genes and pathways associated with testis development and spermatogenic processes. Totally 9,724 upregulated and 4,153 downregulated genes were identified between immature (I) and sexually mature (S) testes; 7 upregulated and 3 downregulated genes were detected between sexually mature (S) and physically mature (P) testes, and approximately 4% of genes were alternately spliced between the I and S groups. Selected genes were verified by qRT-PCR, in agreement with sequencing data indicating their reliability. Those genes have critical functions in various developmental stages of goat testicular development and spermatogenesis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were carried out to evaluate differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO analysis suggested DEGs were involved in “reproduction process”, “channel activity” and “cell periphery part” between I and S, and in “ion transport process”, “channel activity” and “transporter complex part” between S and P. KEGG analysis indicated that pathways such as “glycerolipid metabolism”, “steroid hormone biosynthesis” and “MAPK signaling pathway” may be involved in testis development and spermatogenesis. Genes including IGF1, TGFB1, TGFBR1 and EGFR may regulate the development of the testis from immature to sexually mature, which may be key candidate genes for the development of goat testis. These findings provide novel insights into goat testicular development and spermatogenesis.
Quality of Life among Parents of Children and Adolescents with Diabetes: A Literature Review
Authors: Theofilou Paraskevi , Vlastos Dimitrios
Published: May 2023

Chronic diseases such as childhood DM are a complex and continuous struggle as well as a great challenge both for the children who face the disease and for their parents. Type 1 DM is characterized by the complex management of the therapeutic treatment thus causing physical and psychological complications in family members. There are many families who, upon hearing the diagnosis of their child with DM, stand still in front of these new facts as their lives change. All these unprecedented conditions cause parents intense stress, discomfort and mental burden as the only thing that concerns them now is how the family will survive in the face of the current conditions they are experiencing as well as the future of the sick child. The purpose of this brief literature review is to present the research findings which are related to the quality of life among parents of children and adolescents with diabetes.
Opportunities in Grain Processing, through the Use of Waste and By-Products: An Overview of Sustainable Valorization in the Food Industry
Authors: Danciu Cristina- Anca , Tulbure Anca , Stanciu Mirela-Aurora , Antonie Iuliana , Capatana Ciprian
Published: May 2023

In an increasingly resource-constrained era, the utilization approach of waste and by-products from grain processing, is attractive widely, considering both nutritive value and economic aspects and move towards more sustainable food systems. Following the fundamentals of a circular economy, the need of the hour lies in its effective utilization as a grain waste and by-products conversion into value-added products in food industry. The aim of this study is twofold: 1. Understanding the progress of grain waste and by-products to valorization in human nutrition, using bibliometrics; different literature databases namely Google Scholar, Web of Science and Elsevier Scopus have been evaluated for their merits and values; 2. Exploration of knowledge-based strategies, by reviewing the literature concerning the possible use of grain waste and by-products for food processing industry, reducing burden on virgin raw materials. The review allowed to unlock the latest-advances of upcycling side streams and waste from grain processing industry.