bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and outcomes of early infection in liver transplant recipients with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure
Authors: Qian Yong Bing , Chen Fang , Hang Hua Lian , Shen Chuan , Han Long Zhi , Deng Yu Xiao , Xia Lei , Zhang Jian Jun , Xia Qiang
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Patients with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) have a high risk of infection after liver transplantation (LT). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of early post‐LT infection (within one month after LT) in recipients with ACLF, and to compare the survival rate between patients with or without post‐LT infection.

Methods

Patients with ACLF who underwent LT between January 2015 and December 2017 were retrospectively included. Characteristics of the patients, prevalence, site and pathogen of post‐LT infection, and its risk factors were evaluated.

Results

A total of 62 patients with ACLF developed bacterial or fungal infection after LT. The 30‐day, 90‐day, and 1‐year survival rates in the infected group were found to be significantly lower than those in the non‐infected group (67.7% vs 98.5%, 64.5% vs 97.7%, and 48.4% vs 95.4%; all P  < 0.001). The most common pathogens involved were carbapenem‐resistant gram‐negative organisms, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter lwoffi. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that reoperation and length of intensive care unit stay were independently associated with post‐LT infection. In addition, living donor LT and early allograft dysfunction were independently associated with 30‐day all‐cause mortality, whereas red blood cell transfusion and post‐LT infection were independently associated with all‐cause 30‐day and 90‐day mortality after LT.

Conclusions

Early infection after LT is a major prognostic factor in patients with ACLF. Constant vigilance for the risk factors of early infection after LT is needed for timely diagnosis and prompt intervention.
Allotropy of selenium nanoparticles: Colourful transition, synthesis, and biotechnological applications
Authors: Ruiz‐Fresneda Miguel A. , Staicu Lucian C. , Lazuén‐López Guillermo , Merroun Mohamed L.
Published: January 2023

Elemental selenium (Se0) nanomaterials undergo allotropic transition from thermodynamically‐unstable to more stable phases. This process is significantly different when Se0 nanoparticles (NPs) are produced via physico‐chemical and biological pathways. While the allotropic transition of physico‐chemically synthesized Se0 is fast (minutes to hours), the biogenic Se0 takes months to complete. The biopolymer layer covering biogenic Se0 NPs might be the main factor controlling this retardation, but this still remains an open question. Phylogenetically‐diverse bacteria reduce selenium oxyanions to red amorphous Se0 allotrope, which has low market value. Then, red Se0 undergoes allotropic transition to trigonal (metallic grey) allotrope, the end product having important industrial applications (e.g. semiconductors, alloys). Is it not yet clear whether biogenic Se0 presents any biological function, or it is mainly a detoxification and respiratory by‐product. The better understanding of this transition would benefit the recovery of Se0 NPs from secondary resources and its targeted utilization with respect to each allotropic stage. This review article presents and critically discusses the main physico‐chemical methods and biosynthetic pathways of Se0 (bio)mineralization. In addition, the article proposes a conceptual model for the resource recovery potential of trigonal selenium nanomaterials in the context of circular economy.
Local and non‐local soil microbiota impede germination of the endangered Acacia whibleyana
Authors: Hodgson Riley J. , Liddicoat Craig , Cando‐Dumancela Christian , Blyth Colette , Watson Carl D. , Breed Martin F.
Published: January 2023

Inoculating soils with microbiota that benefit the germination and growth of endangered plant species could improve their revegetation success and conservation status. While ecosystem degradation can disrupt beneficial plant–soil‐microbial interactions, the prospect of reintroducing native plant‐associated soil microbiota during revegetation could help to restore these important ecological links and assist the recovery of key species. We address the role of soil microbiota on germination and seedling fitness traits of the endangered Acacia whibleyana (Fabaceae) through a 17‐week greenhouse experiment. Soil treatments included local soil, potting medium, three inoculation ratios (3:1, 1:1, 1:3 local soil: potting medium), sterilized local soil and sterilized potting medium. Soil sterilization reduced the time to first seed germination, indicating a role of soil microbiota on germination. The 1:1 whole soil inoculation saw reduced germination rates compared with either pure local or potting‐medium treatments, and the slower germination times observed in live soils confirmed the strong influence of soil microbiota on the timing of germination. We report evidence that poor inoculation strategies can adversely impact germination of this endangered Acacia. Furthermore, our findings suggest that careful assessment of microbiota associated with A. whibleyana could help to improve germination and recruitment during its revegetation and conservation management.
Heartbreaking anthropology hurts: Studying fertility rituals while struggling with infertility
Authors: Arumugam Indira
Published: January 2023

Ethnography involves using the self as the mechanism to try to understand others and their life worlds. How is knowledge and knowledge production affected by the apparatus of knowing, the ethnographer experiencing cataclysms in their personal life? In this article, I grapple with the fraught dilemmas of doing fieldwork on mother goddesses and ritual cults premised on the cultivation of fertility while experiencing infertility and undergoing assisted reproductive treatments (ART). My recovery from pregnancy losses and fertility failures was compromised by my research on fertility, which continuously resurrected my trauma. Juxtaposing research on ritual technologies with personal experience of biomedical treatments—different means to overcome the limits of nature to bring about reproductive success—I foreground the ceding of human control and agency demanded by both therapies. My ethnographic writing similarly loosened to admit emotions, ambivalences, and absences that I had normally excluded or edited out. Even as it provokes theoretical insights, to keep probing ongoing personal trauma has become unbearable. To salve heartbreak and to salvage some control has warranted rebuilding a few of the enclosures keeping the personal away from the professional.
Pharmacokinetics, bioequivalence and safety of two formulations of ticagrelor in healthy Chinese subjects: Effects of food
Authors: Dong Chengmei , Zhang Xiaonan , Zhang Yalan , Ouyang Wenjuan , Peng Daizhuang , Li Xiaomin , Li Dai , Qin Qun
Published: January 2023

Ticagrelor is the first reversible ADP P2Y12 receptor antagonist approved to treat acute coronary syndrome. To investigate the effects of food on the pharmacokinetics (PK), bioequivalence and safety of ticagrelor tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers, 32 healthy subjects were randomly assigned to an open‐labelled, single‐centre, two‐preparation, two‐sequence, two‐cycle, double‐crossover trial under fasting and fed conditions, with a washout period of 7 days. Plasma concentrations of ticagrelor and AR‐C124910XX were determined using LC–MS/MS. The Cmax, AUC0–t and AUC0–∞ of the reference and test tablets were determined using ANOVA and the USFDA bioequivalence statistical criterion of 90% CI for the 80%–125% range (p ≤ 0.05) of the geometric mean ratios. Adverse events (AEs) were observed and recorded. Food consumption increased the AUC0–t and AUC0–∞ (p < 0.01) of ticagrelor, lowered the Cmax (p < 0.01) and prolonged the t12z (p < 0.05) of AR‐C124910XX. The effects of food on the reference preparations were comparable. Formulation, time and sequence had no significant effects on the PK parameters (p ≧ 0.05). The test formulation was bioequivalent to the reference formulation as the geometric mean ratios under fasting and fed conditions were within equivalence limits (80%–125%). No serious AEs were reported. Thus, test and reference ticagrelor are bioequivalent in Chinese subjects under fasting and fed conditions.
Test‐Time Optimization for Video Depth Estimation Using Pseudo Reference Depth
Authors: Zeng Libing , Kalantari Nima Khademi
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we propose a learning‐based test‐time optimization approach for reconstructing geometrically consistent depth maps from a monocular video. Specifically, we optimize an existing single image depth estimation network on the test example at hand. We do so by introducing pseudo reference depth maps which are computed based on the observation that the optical flow displacement for an image pair should be consistent with the displacement obtained by depth‐reprojection. Additionally, we discard inaccurate pseudo reference depth maps using a simple median strategy and propose a way to compute a confidence map for the reference depth. We use our pseudo reference depth and the confidence map to formulate a loss function for performing the test‐time optimization in an efficient and effective manner. We compare our approach against the state‐of‐the‐art methods on various scenes both visually and numerically. Our approach is on average 2.5× faster than the state of the art and produces depth maps with higher quality.
Experiences from daily practice of upadacitinib treatment on atopic dermatitis with a focus on hand eczema: Results from the BioDay registry
Authors: Kamphuis Esmé , Loman Laura , Han Henry L. , Romeijn Geertruida L. E. , Politiek Klaziena , Schuttelaar Marie L. A.
Published: January 2023

Background

Real‐world data on the effectiveness of upadacitinib on atopic dermatitis (AD), hand eczema (HE) and HE in the context of AD are limited.

Objectives

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of upadacitinib on AD and on HE in patients with AD.

Methods

This prospective observational cohort study includes clinical outcomes: Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA), Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI), Photographic guide; and PROMs: average pruritus and pain Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score of the past week, Patient‐Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM), Patient‐Oriented Eczema, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool (ADCT), Patient Global Assessment of Disease (PGAD), Quality Of Life Hand Eczema Questionnaire (QOLHEQ) at baseline, Week 4, and Week 16 of upadacitinib‐treated patients. Adverse events were monitored during each visit.

Results

Thirty‐eight patients were included, of which 32 patients had HE. At Week 16, EASI‐75 was achieved by 50.0%. Absolute cutoff score NRS‐pruritus ≤4 was reached by 62.5%, POEM ≤7 by 37.5%, DLQI ≤5 by 59.4%, ADCT <7 by 68.8%, and PGAD rating of at least ‘good’ by 53.1%. HECSI‐75 was achieved by 59.3% and (almost) clear on the Photographic guide by 74.1%. The minimally important change in QOLHEQ was achieved by 57.9%. Sub‐analysis in patients with concomitant irritant contact dermatitis showed no differences. Safety analysis showed no new findings compared to clinical trials.

Conclusions

Upadacitinib can be an effective treatment for patients with AD and concomitant HE in daily practice. Future studies should focus on the effectiveness of upadacitinib on chronic HE, especially on the different etiological subtypes of HE, including HE in non‐atopic individuals.
Weaving a story: Narrative formation over prolonged time scales engages social cognition and frontoparietal networks
Authors: Assouline Amir , Mendelsohn Avi
Published: January 2023

Forming narratives is of key importance to human experience, enabling one to render large amounts of information into relatively compacted stories for future retrieval, giving meaning to otherwise fragmented occurrences. The neural mechanisms that underlie coherent narrative construction of causally connected information over prolonged temporal periods are yet unclear. Participants in this fMRI study observed consecutive scenes from a full‐length movie either in their original order, enabling causal inferences over time, or in reverse order, impeding a key component of coherent narratives—causal inference. In between scenes, we presented short periods of blank screens for examining post‐encoding processing effects. Using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) followed by seed‐base correlation analysis, we hypothesized that networks involved in online monitoring of incoming information on the one hand, and offline processing of previous occurrences on the other would differ between the groups. We found that despite the exposure to the same scenes, the chronological‐order condition exhibited enhanced functional connectivity in frontoparietal regions associated with information integration and working memory. The reverse‐order condition yielded offline, post‐scene coactivation of neural networks involved in social cognition and particularly theory of mind and action comprehension. These findings shed light on offline processes of narrative construction efforts, highlighting the role of social cognition networks in seeking for narrative coherence.
Melatonin reduces melanogenesis by inhibiting the paracrine effects of keratinocytes
Authors: Yang Siyu , Zeng Hongliang , Jiang Ling , Fu Chuhan , Gao Lijuan , Zhang Lan , Zhang Yushan , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhu Lu , Zhang Fan , Chen Jing , Huang Jinhua , Zeng Qinghai
Published: January 2023

Keratinocytes regulate melanogenesis in a paracrine manner. Previous studies have shown that melatonin can directly inhibit melanin production in the melanocytes. However, it is unclear whether melatonin can also indirectly regulate melanogenesis through the keratinocytes. In this study, we explored the role of melatonin in regulating keratinocyte‐mediated melanogenesis using reconstructed human epidermis (RHE). Melatonin showed an inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis in this model. Furthermore, the conditioned media from melatonin‐treated HaCaT cells downregulated melanogenesis‐related genes, including MITF, TYR, TYRP1, DCT and RAB27A in the pigment MNT1 cells, and decreased levels of phosphorylated ERK, JNK and p38. RNA sequencing further showed that mitochondrial functions and oxidative stress pathway in the MNT1 cells were inhibited by the conditioned medium from melatonin‐treated HaCaT cells. Furthermore, melatonin reduced the secretion of ET‐1 and PTGS2 from HaCaT cells by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. In conclusion, melatonin downregulates the paracrine factors ET‐1 and PTGS2 in the keratinocytes by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which reduces melanin production in pigment cells. Thus, melatonin has a potential therapeutic effect on skin pigmentation disorders.
Nonlocal analysis of edge‐cracked nanobeams under Mode I and Mixed‐Mode (I + II) static loading
Authors: Scorza Daniela , Luciano Raimondo , Caporale Andrea , Vantadori Sabrina
Published: January 2023

In the present paper, the behavior of an edge‐cracked nanobeam under both Mode I and Mixed‐Mode (I + II) static bending loading is analyzed by using the stress‐driven nonlocal model (SDM), being the SDM applied for the first time in the case of Mixed‐Mode loading. More precisely, the cracked nanobeam is modeled by using a modification of the classical cracked‐beam theory, consisting in dividing the beam into two beam segments connected through a massless elastic rotational spring located at the cracked cross section. The bending stiffness of the cracked cross section is computed by exploiting: the Griffith energy criterion and the conventional linear elastic fracture mechanics. Cracks under both Mode I and Mixed‐Mode (I + II) loading are considered. Finally, an edge‐cracked cantilever nanobeam subjected to a transversal point load at the free end is analyzed. The static deflection is calculated and discussed for different values of relative crack depth, crack location, and crack orientation.
Synovitis and joint health in patients with haemophilia: Statements from a European e‐Delphi consensus study
Authors: Mancuso Maria Elisa , Holstein Katharina , O‘Donnell James S. , Lobet Sébastien , Klamroth Robert ,   the FVIII Think Tank Study Group
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Synovitis, a common feature in haemophilia, is triggered by the presence of blood in joints, and represents the first step towards the development of chronic arthropathy. Synovitis may be detected early by means of ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging scan; clinical joint scores are less sensitive in this setting. Regular long‐term prophylaxis with clotting factor concentrates, as primary prophylaxis and tailored to individual needs, has high efficacy in preventing synovitis. In general, higher factor levels lower bleeding risk, but no direct correlation between factor levels and synovitis incidence has been demonstrated.

Aim

This study aimed to develop an expert consensus relating to the definition, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, follow‐up and treatment of synovitis, recognising its relevance for joint health and taking into account existing knowledge gaps.

Methods

A Delphi consensus study was designed and performed. An expert group prepared 22 statements based on existing literature; a wider expert panel subsequently voted on these.

Results

Retention of panellists was high. Four statements required amending and consensus on all statements was achieved after three rounds of voting.

Conclusion

This e‐Delphi consensus study addressed the importance of synovitis in joint health of people with haemophilia and highlighted knowledge gaps in this field. Studies on the natural course of synovitis are lacking and the biological mechanisms underlying this process are not yet fully elucidated. While basic and clinical research proceeds in this field, expert consensus can help guide clinicians in their routine clinical practice, and Delphi methodology is often used to produce best‐practice guidelines.
Heterocyclic aromatic amines in spiced pork shoulder: content analysis and effects of soy sauce, cooking wine and sugar
Authors: Zhang Yuxia , Wang Lu , Zhou Yajun
Published: January 2023

Spiced pork shoulder is a traditional Chinese meat product that is loved by consumers. However, heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) formed by spiced pork shoulder during processing endanger human health. The present study determined the HAA contents of seven kinds of spiced pork shoulder, and examined the effects of soy sauce, cooking wine and sugar on the formation of HAAs. The total HAAs of the seven samples were between 0.10 ng/g and 56.82 ng/g. There were Harman (0.03–39.77 ng/g) and Norharman (0.06–18.76 ng/g) correlations in all samples. Not all samples had higher HAAs levels in the skin than the whole shoulder. Creatine and creatinine were more actively involved in the formation of HAAs than glucose. Soy sauce contributed the most to the formation of HAAs, followed by cooking wine and sugar. Compared to spiced pork shoulder, the soup contained more HAAs. Exogenous contamination of HAAs in soy sauce, cooking wine and soup was an important source of HAAs in spiced pork shoulder.
Youth involvement in policy processes in public health, education, and social work: Protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Helleve Arnfinn , Flodgren Gerd Monika , Blanchard Laurence , Fismen Anne‐Siri , Rutter Harry , Mathisen Jonas Rekdal , Klepp Knut‐Inge
Published: January 2023

The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and impact of youth involvement in policy processes within public health, education, and social work. Youth involvement in policy processes may enhance the relevance of policies and strengthen democratic practices. This scoping review aims to explore the nature, extent, and impact of youth involvement in policy processes in public health, education, and social work, with a focus on health, well‐being, and obesity prevention. Empirical studies published from 1989 and evaluating involvement of youth aged 10 to 19 years old from all socioeconomic backgrounds and countries. Studies will be searched in seven databases. Data will be extracted and synthesized narratively by rights‐based perspectives on youth involvement, practical processes of the involvement, and social experiences using descriptive statistics and visuals.
An overview of interventional radiology techniques for the diagnosis and management of vascular anomalies: Part 1
Authors: Scollan Margaret E. , Azimov Neyra , Garzon Maria C. , Tulin‐Silver Sheryl
Published: January 2023

Minimally invasive percutaneous and endovascular strategies performed by interventional radiologists have become the mainstays of treatment for vascular anomalies, with improved outcomes, decreased complication rates, and reduced morbidity. The aim of this article is to introduce physicians who care for patients with vascular anomalies to state‐of‐the‐art advancements in interventional radiology (IR) for diagnosis and treatment. Part 1 of this review will focus on sclerotherapy and cryoablation. Part 2 will discuss embolization, endovenous laser ablation, and image‐guided percutaneous biopsy. Select vascular anomalies will be discussed as examples to highlight IR diagnostic and/or treatment techniques.
Description of the novel HLA‐C allele, HLA‐C*12:376, identified in a deceased COVID‐19 patient
Authors: Cheranev Valery , Smirnova Daria , Jankevic Tatiana , Loginova Maria , Rebrikov Denis
Published: January 2023

The new allele HLA‐C*12:376 showed one nonsynonymous nucleotide difference compared with the C*12:03:01:01 allele in codon 30.
Epidemiological profile of malnutrition status and spatial distribution of children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania
Authors: Chacha Samuel , Hui Jing , Yuxin Teng , Wang Ziping , Ali Saumu , Mbonile Nicolaus , Msumari Mary , Msuya Ndovera , Malimu Emmanuel , Revocatus Baraka , Maokola Werner , Mtali Godwin , Simon Victor , Dang Shaonong
Published: January 2023

Objectives

To determine the prevalence of malnutrition status, analyse the association between malnutrition status and individual‐level factors, and explore the spatial variation among children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania.

Methods

The study is based on large‐scale baseline routine data from the National AIDS Control Programme on people living with HIV from January 2016 to December 2021 in mainland Tanzania. 70,102 children and adolescents aged 5–19 years receiving active antiretroviral therapy were included in the analysis. Nutritional status of participants was assessed by anthropometric measurement. Pearson's Chi‐square test was used to describe the association between individual‐level factors with all malnutrition outcomes and spatial analysis was used to investigate spatial distribution of malnutrition. The excess risk of malnutrition for each region was calculated while Anselin Local Moran's I and Getis‐Ord statistical tools were used to identify significant hot spots regions of malnutrition.

Results

The mean age of participants was 11.1 (SD 4.7) years, with 71.7% in the 5–14‐year age group and 58.4% being girls. 39.2% were attending care and treatment clinics services at hospital level with public ownership. 53.4% started using ARV at age 5–14 years and 55.5% had already switched to second‐ or third‐line ARV with 61.1% using ARV for less than 3 years. 51.2% were in WHO HIV clinical stage III or IV. The prevalence of malnutrition was 36.0% for stunting, 28.9% for underweight, 13.0% for wasting, and 48.0% for anthropometric failure. Individual‐level factors which accounted for a higher proportion of malnutrition based on anthropometric failure were male sex (56.3%), age 5–14 years (50.0%), being unmarried (52.9%), being on second‐ or third‐line ARV treatment (51.4%), ART initiation at age 5–14 years (55.7%), ARV for more than 3 years (49.4%), and stage IV of WHO HIV clinical status (57.8%). There were regional hot spots (p < 0.05): the prevalence rate and excess risk of malnutrition for stunting and anthropometric failure were highest in the southern highlands regions, for underweight in the central regions, and for wasting in the northern regions.

Conclusions

Children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania suffer from poor nutritional status. Malnutrition does not occur arbitrarily, and the regions identified as hot spots should be given priority for nutritional intervention. Effective nutritional interventions for children living with HIV/AIDS should incorporate multiple approaches by considering unique geographical factors.
Computational reduction of the spectral division method for synthesizing moving sources by source trajectory approximation
Authors: Matsui Kentaro , Sasaki Yo
Published: January 2023

This paper proposes a method to reduce the computational cost of the spectral division method that synthesizes moving sources. The proposed method consists of two approximations: that of the secondary source driving function and that of the trajectory of the moving sources. Combining these two approximations simplifies the integral calculations that traditionally appear in the driving functions, replacing them with a correction of the frequency magnitude and phase of the source signals. Numerical simulations and subjective experiments show that the computational cost can be reduced by a factor of 50–100 compared to the conventional method without significantly affecting the synthesized sound field and the sense of localization.
Effects of COVID-19 Sport Suspension on Injury Rates in Elite Athletes: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Copeland Courtney N. , Hall Emily A. , Cohen Gary W.
Published: January 2023

Clinical Scenario: With the enforcement of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, sports teams worldwide were required to make drastic adjustments to their training regimen. This prolonged sport suspension resulted in a significant decrease in off-season and preseason training periods. Clinical Question: Are professional athletes who experienced a sport suspension during the COVID-19 pandemic at a higher risk of injury once they return to competition compared with pre-COVID-19 seasons? Summary of Key Findings: The literature was searched for articles examining the effects of COVID-19 sport suspension on athletic injury rates in elite athletes. A total of 240 articles were retrieved, and after exclusion criteria and removal of duplicates, four retrospective cohort studies remained. An increase in injury rates across studies after their sport suspension compared with pre-COVID-19 seasons was found. Clinical Bottom Line: The extended suspension from physical activity increased the risk of injury as players returned to sport training post-COVID-19 restrictions. While these studies demonstrated the effects on elite-level athletes, prolonged sport suspension may impact different patient populations. Strength of Recommendation: Based on the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy Scale, this critically appraised topic received a B grade for consistent but limited-quality patient-oriented evidence, with a low number of articles included.
Transcriptome Analysis of Arcobacter butzleri Infection in a Mucus-Producing Human Intestinal
In Vitro
Model
Authors: Buzzanca Davide , Alessandria Valentina , Botta Cristian , Seif Zadeh Negin , Ferrocino Ilario , Houf Kurt , Cocolin Luca , Rantsiou Kalliopi
Published: January 2023

Recent advancements in the genomic characterization of
A. butzleri
revealed putative virulence genes and highlighted the possible pathogenic mechanisms used by this foodborne pathogen. It is therefore possible to study the transcriptomes of these bacteria to explore possible virulence mechanisms under conditions that mimic the infection process.
Rapid and Visual Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Based on Reverse Transcription-Recombinase Polymerase Amplification with Closed Vertical Flow Visualization Strip Assay
Authors: Song Yumeng , Huang Pei , Yu Mengtao , Li Yuanguo , Jin Hongli , Qiu Jiazhang , Li Yuanyuan , Gao Yuwei , Zhang Haili , Wang Hualei
Published: January 2023

The global COVID-19 epidemic, ongoing since the initial outbreak in 2019, has caused panic and huge economic losses worldwide. Due to the continuous emergence of new variants, COVID-19 has been responsible for a higher proportion of asymptomatic patients than the previously identified SARS and MERS, which makes early diagnosis and prevention more difficult.
Comparison of Rhizospheric and Endophytic Bacterial Compositions between Netted and Oriental Melons
Authors: Xiao Jian , Sun Yan , He Yi , Tang Xiaofu , Yang Shangdong , Huang Jinyan
Published: January 2023

The study of the differential structures and functions of rhizospheric and endophytic bacterial communities between netted melon and oriental melon treatments is investigated. Our findings make a significant contribution to the literature because they are the first step in coupling the study of rhizospheric and endophytic microbial community structure to reticulation formation in netted melon.
Protective Capacity of Monoclonal Antibodies against Acinetobacter baumannii K9 Capsular Polysaccharide
Authors: Karatovskaya Anna , Rudenko Natalia , Zamyatina Anna , Zvonarev Anton , Oleinikov Vladimir , Shpirt Anna , Perepelov Andrei , Knirel Yuriy , Brovko Fedor
Published: January 2023

MAbs detected
A. baumannii
in infected lung tissue, effectively opsonized bacteria, and protected model animals from infection.
Galectin-9 Facilitates Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Infection and Lymphomagenesis in Human B Cells
Authors: Xu Jing-xiao , Zhang Rong , Huang Dai-jia , Tang Ying , Ping Li-qin , Huang Bi-jun , Huang Hui-qiang , Busson Pierre , Li Jiang
Published: January 2023

The cross talk between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the host cell transcriptome assumes important roles in the oncogenesis of EBV-associated malignancies. Here, we first observed that endogenous Gal-9 expression was persistently increased along with an overturned V-type change in antivirus signaling during the immortalization of EBV-transformed B cells.
Buprenorphine administration during gestation induces hepatotoxicity in the rat fetus
Authors: Fayaz Farshid , Zarban Asghar , Aschner Michael , Aramjoo Hamed , Roshanravan Babak , Foadodini Mohsen , Abderam Amir , Samarghandian Saeed , Farkhondeh Tahereh
Published: January 2023

This study investigated the effect of buprenorphine (BUP) on the livers of pups exposed to this drug during the fetal stage. BUP decreased the activities of serum liver enzymes in exposed animals versus the controls. BUP (0.5 mg/kg) decreased malondialdehyde levels and increased the glutathione levels in the liver of animals versus other groups. The superoxide dismutase activity was elevated in the BUP 0.5 mg/kg group versus the control group. BUP (1 mg/kg) induced histopathological changes in the livers of pups. In conclusion, BUP may induce hepatotoxicity in pups exposed to this drug during the fetal stage.
High nucleotide similarity of three Copia lineage LTR retrotransposons among plant genomes
Authors: Orozco-Arias Simon , Dupeyron Mathilde , Gutiérrez-Duque David , Tabares-Soto Reinel , Guyot Romain
Published: January 2023

Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile elements found in the majority of eukaryotic genomes. TEs deeply impact the structure and evolution of chromosomes and can induce mutations affecting coding genes. In plants, the major group of TEs is long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs). They are classified into superfamilies ( Gypsy, Copia) and subclassified into lineages. Horizontal transfer (HT), defined as the nonsexual transmission of genetic material between species, is a process allowing LTR-RTs to invade a new genome. Although this phenomenon was considered rare, recent studies demonstrate numerous transfers of LTR-RTs. This study aims to determine which LTR-RT lineages are shared with high similarity among 69 plant genomes. We identified and classified 88 450 LTR-RTs and determined 143 cases of high similarities between pairs of genomes. Most of them involved three Copia lineages ( Oryco/ Ivana, Retrofit/ Ale, and Tork/ Tar/ Ikeros). A detailed analysis of three cases of high similarities involving Tork/ Tar/ Ikeros group shows an uneven distribution in the phylogeny of the elements and incongruence with between phylogenetic trees topologies, indicating they could be originated from HTs. Overall, our results suggest that LTR-RT Copia lineages share outstanding similarity between distant species and may likely be involved in HT mechanisms more frequent than initially estimated.
Reduction of $$^{222}\hbox {Rn}$$-induced backgrounds in a hermetic dual-phase xenon time projection chamber
Authors: Dierle Julia , Brown Adam , Fischer Horst , Glade-Beucke Robin , Grigat Jaron , Kuger Fabian , Lindemann Sebastian , Rajado Silva Mariana , Schumann Marc
Published: January 2023

The continuous emanation of $$^{222}\hbox {Rn}$$

222

Rn

from detector surfaces causes the dominant background in current liquid xenon time projection chambers (TPCs) searching for dark matter. A significant reduction is required for the next generation of detectors which are aiming to reach the neutrino floor, such as DARWIN. $$^{222}\hbox {Rn}$$

222

Rn

-induced backgrounds can be reduced using a hermetic TPC, in which the sensitive target volume is mechanically separated from the rest of the detector containing the majority of Rn-emanating surfaces. We present a hermetic TPC that mainly follows the well-established design of leading xenon TPCs and has been operated successfully over a period of several weeks. By scaling up the results achieved to the DARWIN-scale, we show that the hermetic TPC concept can reduce the $$^{222}\hbox {Rn}$$

222

Rn

concentration to the required level, even with imperfect separation of the volumes.
CAN-Net: A Multi-hidden Layer Attention Deep Learning Method for Surface Roughness Prediction During Abrasive Belt Grinding of Superalloy with Local Weights
Authors: Xiao Guijian , Zhu Bao , Zhang Youdong , Gao Hui , Li Kun
Published: January 2023

Nickel-based superalloys are widely employed in aerospace due to their excellent high-temperature strength, good oxidation resistance, and hot corrosion resistance. Abrasive belt grinding can effectively solve the problems of excessive residual stress and tool wear during the processing of superalloys. However, due to the grinding process being complex and changeable, and a wide range of affecting factors, the surface roughness prediction of abrasive belt grinding has become a challenging topic. In this study, a CAN-Net multi-hidden layer deep learning prediction model is established. The concatenate path is utilized to fuse local weights to optimize the intermediate weights of network training. To increase the predictability of the model, the attention mechanism is included to distribute the weights of the grinding parameters, and the impact of the attention mechanism on the prediction is then carefully analyzed. The results demonstrate that the CAN-Net network model has outstanding parameter flexibility and prediction accuracy, with accuracy reaching 0.984 and a correlation coefficient of 0.981 between the anticipated value and the true value.
Stable cosmologies with collisionless charged matter
Authors: Barzegar Hamed , Fajman David
Published: January 2023

It is shown that Milne models (a subclass of Friedmann–Lematre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) spacetimes with negative spatial curvature) are nonlinearly stable in the set of solutions to the Einstein–Vlasov–Maxwell system, describing universes with ensembles of collisionless self-gravitating, charged particles. The system contains various slowly decaying borderline terms in the mutually coupled equations describing the propagation of particles and Maxwell fields. The effects of those terms are controlled using a suitable hierarchy based on the energy density of the matter fields.
Small data global regularity and scattering for 3D Ericksen–Leslie compressible hyperbolic liquid crystal model
Authors: Huang Jiaxi , Jiang Ning , Luo Yi-Long , Zhao Lifeng
Published: January 2023

We study the Ericksen–Leslie hyperbolic system for compressible liquid crystal model in three spatial dimensions. Global regularity and scattering for small and smooth initial data near equilibrium are proved for the case that the system is a nonlinear coupling of compressible Navier–Stokes equations with wave map to [Formula: see text]. The main strategy relies on an interplay between the control of high order energies and decay estimates, which is based on the idea inspired by the method of space-time resonances. Unlike the incompressible model, the different behaviors of the decay properties of the density and velocity field for compressible fluids at different frequencies play a key role, which is a particular feature of compressible model.
The one-sided lipschitz condition in the follow-the-leader approximation of scalar conservation laws
Authors: Francesco Marco Di , Stivaletta Graziano
Published: January 2023

We consider the follow-the-leader particle approximation scheme for a [Formula: see text] scalar conservation law with non-negative compactly supported [Formula: see text] initial datum and with a [Formula: see text] concave flux, which is known to provide convergence towards the entropy solution [Formula: see text] to the corresponding Cauchy problem. We provide two novel contributions to this theory. First, we prove that the one-sided Lipschitz condition satisfied by the approximate density [Formula: see text] is a “discrete version of an entropy condition”; more precisely, under fairly general assumptions on [Formula: see text] (which imply concavity of [Formula: see text]) we prove that the continuum version [Formula: see text] of said condition allows to select a unique weak solution, despite [Formula: see text] is apparently weaker than the classical Oleinik–Hoff one-sided Lipschitz condition [Formula: see text]. Said result relies on an improved version of Hoff’s uniqueness. A byproduct of it is that the entropy condition is encoded in the particle scheme prior to the many-particle limit, which was never proven before. Second, we prove that in case [Formula: see text] the one-sided Lipschitz condition can be improved to a discrete version of the classical (and “sharp”) Oleinik–Hoff condition. In order to make the paper self-contained, we provide proofs (in some cases “alternative” ones) of all steps of the convergence of the particle scheme.
TreeSketchNet: From Sketch to 3D Tree Parameters Generation
Authors: Manfredi Gilda , Capece Nicola , Erra Ugo , Gruosso Monica
Published: January 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) modeling of non-linear objects from stylized sketches is a challenge even for computer graphics experts. The extrapolation of object parameters from a stylized sketch is a very complex and cumbersome task. In the present study, we propose a broker system that can transform a stylized sketch of a tree into a complete 3D model by mediating between a modeler and a 3D modeling software. The input sketches do not need to be accurate or detailed: They must only contain a rudimentary outline of the tree that the modeler wishes to 3D model. Our approach is based on a well-defined Deep Neural Network architecture, called TreeSketchNet (TSN), based on convolutions and capable of generating Weber and Penn [1995] parameters from a simple sketch of a tree. These parameters are then interpreted by the modeling software, which generates the 3D model of the tree pictured in the sketch. The training dataset consists of synthetically generated sketches that are associated with Weber–Penn parameters, generated by a dedicated Blender modeling software add-on. The accuracy of the proposed method is demonstrated by testing the TSN with synthetic and hand-made sketches. Finally, we provide a qualitative analysis of our results, by evaluating the coherence of the predicted parameters with several distinguishing features.
Design and Performance Optimization of Junctionless Bottom Spacer FinFET for Digital/Analog/RF Applications at Sub-5nm Technology Node
Authors: Valasa Sresta , Ramakrishna K. V. , Vadthiya Narendar , Bhukya Sunitha , Rao N. Bheema , Maheshwaram Satish
Published: January 2023

This article for the first time reports the design and performance optimization of Junctionless (JL) Bottom spacer (BSP) FinFET. Initially to get the desired value of workfunction (

∅

m

) and fin thickness (Tfin) for analog/RF analysis, the optimization of these parameters has been done by considering several values. It has been noticed that the increase in

∅

m

and reduction in Tfin can lead to better electrical performance with suppressed short channel effects (SCE). Further, it is also observed that reduction in bottom spacer height (HBSP) can fetch enhanced analog/RF performance considering the improvement noticed in transconductance (gm), intrinsic gain (AV), transconductance generation factor (TGF), cutoff frequency (fT), and Gain frequency product (GFP). Moreover, when the bottom spacer dielectric permittivity (KBSP) is increased from 3.9 to 22, it has been found that the analog/RF performance degrades significantly.
Deviation Correction Path Planning Method of Full‐Width Horizontal Axis Roadheader Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Mao Qinghua , Zhang Fei , Zhang Xuhui , Xue Xusheng , Wang Liang
Published: January 2023

Aiming at the problem of optimal path planning for deviation correction of full‐width horizontal axis roadheader in the confined roadway of the coal mine, a deviation correction path planning method of full‐width horizontal axis roadheader based on improved particle swarm optimization (I‐PSO) algorithm is proposed. First, according to the driving characteristics of roadheader and deviation correction strategy, the mathematical model of full‐width horizontal axis roadheader is established, and the constraints based on pose analysis are determined. Then, taking the shortest total distance from the initial position to the terminal position of roadheader as the objective function of path planning, an optimization model of deviation correction path planning is established. Finally, the I‐PSO algorithm is proposed to quickly and accurately solve the deviation correction path model, in order to plan a safe and shorter distance path of full‐width horizontal axis roadheader. In the I‐PSO algorithm, the fitness difference of particles is used to dynamically adjust the inertia weight parameters to optimize the exploration of the whole or part of activity space, and the learning factor is adjusted to speed up particle convergence and optimization of particles, and a random factor is introduced to update the position of particles to avoid local traps as much as possible. The performance test of the I‐PSO algorithm shows that the I‐PSO algorithm is superior to other algorithms. The EJM340/4‐2 full‐width horizontal axis roadheader is used as the simulation object to verify the effectiveness of the I‐PSO algorithm in the deviation correction path planning of roadheader. The simulation results show that the I‐PSO algorithm proposed can quickly and accurately plan a safe and shorter distance path than the WPSO algorithm and CPSO algorithm and has better convergence and stability. It has laid a good foundation for the intelligent navigation of full‐width horizontal axis roadheader in coal mine.
Detonation Wave Propagation of Double-Layer Shaped Charge and Its Driving Characteristics to the Liner
Authors: Wu Youlong , Chen Chuang
Published: January 2023

The double-layer charge can effectively improve the axial driving ability of explosives, which shows a considerable engineering application prospect in highly efficient damage warheads. Due to the complex wave structure produced by the overpressure detonation of a double-layer charge, a series of dynamic behaviors inside the shaped charge liner will be affected. By comparing the detonation wave shapes of single-layer charge and double-layer shaped charge structure and the jet shaping parameters of a double-layer shaped charge with different structural parameters, the evolution of detonation wave and the state parameters in the wave system are analyzed in this research. The research found that the double-layer charge with high detonation velocity in the outer layer and low detonation velocity in the inner layer can produce continuous overpressure detonation, which makes the overpressure detonation state be applied efficiently. Meanwhile, this study found that the overpressure detonation field formed by the double-layer charge changes the action law of the traditional single charge on the shaped charge liner. The detonation waveform of the entire charge is controlled by different detonation velocities and detonation energies, and a detonation waveform that matched well with the shaped charge liner is obtained. This study solves the matching relationship between the structure of the overpressure detonation wave system and the properties of a double-layer charge, which is of great value for improving the detonation-driving effect of condensed explosives on surrounding media. The double-layer charge can effectively enhance the potential of explosive charge. It is not only widely used in military fields such as improving the armor-breaking power of shaped charge penetrators and improving the muzzle velocity and concentration of fragments of directional warheads, but also can promote the development of industrial fields such as explosive processing.
Abstract A002: Community outreach
Authors: Mason Bernice
Published: January 2023

Sista's Daughters Inc. Mission Statement:Sista's Daughters Inc. is a community Cancer Outreach Organization.Our mission is to support families through challenges associated with Cancer.Our focus is Breast Cancer. However, we have incorporated Kidney and Prostate Cancer due to the impact on the lives of underservered and unrepresented communities. SDI was started to lower health resource disparties, increase welliness and create equal Cancer's resource accessibility for impoverished communities.Services:Our organization sponsors Community Cancer Health Fairs which included blood screenings,glucose screenings, informational areas,activities for youth,services of a nutritional specialist who provides healthy food demonstrations for wellness recovery. Our other services throughout the year include delivery of fresh fruits,vegetables and meats to Senior Cancer survivors, wellness baskets for patients' recovery from Chemotherapy and Radiation, Christmas Baskets for Pediatric Cancer patients and their families receiving services at CHOP Buerger Center, emotional support for Cancer patients, Corporate support luncheons for staff members diagnosed with Cancer and our annual Cancer support fundraiser dinner dance to support our charitable services.Community Partnerships:African-Caribbean Cancer Consortium, Fox Chase Cancer Center Community Advisory Board, Fox Chase Cancer and Prevention Advisory Board Recently we have been invited to partner with the Lazarex Cancer Wellness HUB at Drexel University College of Nursing and Health Professions. We are working on formalizing the partnership.

Citation Format: Bernice Mason. Community outreach [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A002.