bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responsabilidad social empresarial corporativa
Authors: Zambrana Flores Henry Mamfredo
Published: March 2017

La responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) es un concepto con el cual las empresas deciden voluntariamente incluirse en el logro de una sociedad mejor y un medio ambiente más saludable. Requiere de una continua adaptación a los cambios que se producen en su entorno, con su mirada puesta en la sostenibilidad empresarial que beneficie a la empresa y a las partes interesadas. El presente trabajo aborda, en primer lugar, los inicios y evolución del concepto de RSE, mostrando la estrecha relación con los cambios económicos y sociales. La responsabilidad social empresarial se inició con acciones filantrópicas, seguidas de acciones de inversión social. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, se plantea la realización de prácticas responsables integradas a la gestión empresarial, lo que propone nuevos modelos de gestión empresarial. Para comprender la noción de RSE en los negocios, se ha considerado necesario la realización de un diagnóstico en profundidad. Para ello, se muestran las diversas teorías y modelos de RSE corporativa; los grupos de interés y la RSE para la gestión; su interrelación con las normas legales actuales; y las herramientas de aplicación. Si se quiere ser competitivo, es necesario entender la empresa como un ciudadano corporativo con deberes y derechos, así como desafíos y aspectos críticos en su gestión. Finalmente, se hace mención a una serie de casos de RSE en los ámbitos internacional, nacional y regional para comprender el accionar y la respuesta de diversas empresas frente a los desafíos de su entorno y las necesidades de sus grupos de interés.
DESARROLLO DE EXPERIMENTOS VIRTUALES BASADOS EN ADOBE FLASH
Authors: Comina Bellido Yuri German
Published: March 2017

El presente trabajo describe el desarrollo de dos experimentos virtuales usando Adobe Flash. El primero consta de un sistema masa-resorte el cual permite a los estudiantes hallar el valor de la gravedad terrestre con la incertidumbre correspondiente. El segundo consta de un sistema compuesto por tres masas y cuatro resortes. Éste experimento permite al alumno visualizar movimientos de sistemas mecánicos complejos, además de darle una visión acerca de la mecánica lagrangeana, así como de los conceptos de valor propio y estado propio de un sistema. Ambos programas son interactivos, permitiendo a los alumnos observen cambios en el sistema físico a medida que realicen cambios en los parámetros correspondientes. Estos experimentos virtuales pueden ser utilizados como complementos en las clases teóricas incrementando el dinamismo en las mismas. Los programas pueden correr directamente desde las computadoras o pueden instalarse en un servidor y ser ejecutados desde cualquier parte del mundo por clases enteras al mismo tiempo, sin importar el sistema operativo que usen.
Análisis de calidad de servicio en redes IPv6
Authors: Tavara Carbajal Jose Carlos
Published: March 2017

Este documento tiene como objetivo analizar el comportamiento de la calidad del servicio del protocolo IPv6 sobre el tráfico de video, para esto se realizó sobre un entorno real y se llevó acabo el análisis de resultados a través de un software estadístico de control del tráfico.
INTERDEPENDENCIA DE LOS MERCADOS ELÉCTRICO Y GASIFERO: TEMAS PENDIENTES
Authors: A. Navarro Richard , E. Luyo Jaime
Published: March 2017

En el presente trabajo se analiza la problemática de la interdependencia de los mercados de gas y electricidad, a través de un análisis descriptivo-exploratorio de documentos académicos de los últimos 5 años, donde se destaca la dependencia del gas en la generación de electricidad, aspectos que se han venido analizando por separado. Este análisis, logra identificar las diferentes líneas de investigación en la interrelación de ambos mercados, que van desde la planificación de la expansión de los mercados de gas y electricidad, la planificación de la operación de los mercados basados en modelos de optimización de costos y el análisis de sus interacciones, todas ellas en modelos donde los mercados interactúan por separado, colocando un fuerte énfasis en la identificación de temas pendientes que faltan desarrollar. En la revisión de las restricciones en la interacción de los mercados, se observa en todos los casos, que estos son analizados por separado, probablemente por las complicaciones computacionales de estos modelos. En ese sentido, se abre una valiosa oportunidad, de desarrollar investigaciones en cualquiera de las líneas de investigación identificadas, y para el caso específico de un mercado de corto plazo, el reto estará en modelar la inter-temporalidad derivada del efecto de la combinación de un modelo hidrotérmico. Palabras clave.-Interdependencia de mercados gas-electricidad, Mercado eléctrico, Mercado de gas, Poder de Mercado, Congestión en la transmisión. ABSTRACTIn this paper, analyzes the problems of interdependence of markets for gas and electricity, through a descriptive and exploratory analysis of academic papers in the last 5 years, where gas dependency highlighted in electricity generation, aspects which they have been discussing separately. This analysis can identify the different lines of research on the interrelationship of both markets, ranging from planning the expansion of the markets for gas and electricity, operation planning of model-based cost optimization markets and analysis of their interactions, all in models where markets interact separately, placing a strong emphasis on identifying missing develop outstanding issues. In the review of restrictions on the interaction of markets, it is observed in all cases, these are analyzed separately, probably by the computational complications of these models. In that sense, it opens a valuable opportunity to develop research in any of the research identified, and for the specific case of a short-term market, the challenge will be to model the inter-temporal derivative of the effect of the combination of a hydro-thermal model. Keywords.-Gas-electricity Interdependence markets, Electricity market, Gas market, Market power, Transmission congestion.
Un modelo ontológico para ayudar al reconocimiento de minerales
Authors: Rosales Jimmy , Rojas L. Carlos , Mansilla P. Fabricio , Andrade Ch. Joseps , Castillo S. José
Published: March 2017

El presente trabajo, está enfocado en el desarrollo de un modelo Ontológico para ayudar al reconocimiento de minerales sulfurados. Dicha Ontología se implementará siguiendo los métodos de construcción recomendados. Las diversas propiedades de los minerales al estar almacenada en Ontologías se pueden extraer mediante el uso del lenguaje de consultas semántico. Finalmente, dicho modelo Ontológico diseñado se puede usar en el futuro para la implementación de un portal construido con las herramientas de la Web Semántica, para que las búsquedas de propiedades de los minerales sean más rápidas y precisas.
Efficiency Improvement of Switched Reluctance Generator Using Optimization Techniques
Authors: Reis Márcio Rodrigues da Cunha , De Araújo Wanderson Rainer Hilário , Calixto Wesley Pacheco
Published: March 2017

This article introduces the switched reluctance machine operating as a generator. This kind of electrical machine delivers CC power at the output and the energy generated can be controlled through several variables. In this work, the switching angles of the machine's power converter are optimized using deterministic and heuristic techniques so that the output power is kept constant via PI controller while guaranteeing maximum value for machine performance, even for different excitation values and mechanical power on the shaft.
La Política Nacional de Convivencia Escolar de México y su impacto en la vida en las escuelas de educación básica
Authors: Chávez Romo Concepción , Gómez Nashiky Antonio , Ochoa Cervantes Azucena , Zurita Rivera Úrsula
Published: March 2017

La creciente preocupación social sobre las formas de convivencia escolar en México ha generado diversas investigaciones y programas gubernamentales. El común denominador gira en torno a determinar la presencia o ausencia de comportamientos violentos; sin embargo, el estudio de la convivencia en la escuela implica un análisis más profundo y la consideración e interrelación de varios factores, entre ellos: la política educativa, los diferentes programas derivados de ésta, por ejemplo, el Programa Nacional de Convivencia Escolar,  las diversas acciones que se desprenden, tanto a nivel federal como estatal, y desde luego, lo que acontece en la vida cotidiana en las escuelas. La divergencia en enfoques, conceptualizaciones, metodologías y discursos, se ha traducido en que la convivencia escolar quede desdibujada, pues no se parte de un planteamiento integral y articulado de intervención acorde con la complejidad del problema.
La innovación en la UNED de Costa Rica. Construcción de una visión sistémica
Authors: Corrales Mora Maricruz , Rojas Morales Ana Iveth , Delgado Moreira Elisa , Seas Tencio Jenny , Sánchez Mora Marco
Published: March 2017

Este artículo describe la experiencia de construcción de una visión sistémica para la gestión de la innovación en la Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica (UNED). Un grupo de funcionarios, provenientes de diferentes dependencias y Vicerrectorías de la universidad, conformaron un equipo de trabajo e investigación denominado “Nodo de Innovación”, en el que se abocaron al estudio de la innovación, que entre otros productos originó la definición de una propuesta para su gestión en la UNED. Con este fin, el grupo ha desarrollado una serie de actividades y procesos en los que se asume a la innovación, como un nuevo eje transversal del desarrollo institucional, con el que la UNED puede manifestarse en el ámbito sociocultural y educativo, a partir de tres formas de expresión posibles, específicas y sostenibles para llevarla a cabo: en lo educativo, lo tecnológico-educativo y lo social. Estos tres tipos de innovación pueden fortalecerse mediante el funcionamiento activo de un sistema y la correspondiente defi nición y ejecución de una política institucional sobre el tema.El camino recorrido en esta construcción constituye el tema de fondo de este artículo y pretende mostrar la metodología implementada y los productos alcanzados como estrategia global de construcción universitaria en torno a un tema crucial en el contexto actual como es la innovación.
El debido proceso y el derecho de defensa en el ámbito educativo
Authors: Vargas Morúa Elizarda
Published: March 2017

El presente trabajo se realiza con base en tres Recursos de Amparo en los cuales se analizó si hubo cumplimiento del Principio al Debido Proceso y el Derecho de defensa durante la tramitación de los procesos disciplinarios por violencia escolar en tres centros educativos. Adicionalmente, se enfatiza en diferenciar la violencia escolar en general del fenómeno del bullying.Todo estudiante investigado por alguna falta disciplinaria debe tener conocimiento preciso de los hechos por los que se le investiga, las posibles sanciones y además poder acceder a las pruebas en su contra, para luego ejercer su defensa apropiadamente. La imposición de sanciones, sin respetar el orden establecido en el Reglamento de Evaluación de los Aprendizajes, acarrea una violación al principio constitucional del debido proceso, según se puede constatar al revisar resoluciones dictadas por la Sala Constitucional de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de Costa Rica, como ocurrió en los casos en estudio. Además, la Sala rechazará cualquier recurso que pretenda dirimir un conflicto entre partes, porque su labor consiste en verificar que se hayan respetado los principios y los procedimientos dentro del proceso disciplinario llevado a cabo.La trascendencia del presente estudio consiste en que a través del análisis de casos concretos llevados a la Sala Constitucional se puede aprender de materia disciplinaria y evitar incurrir en errores que cometen los centros educativos durante la tramitación de procesos.
Authors: Dias Thaíse Karla Ribeiro , Pires Evaldo Martins , Wilcken Carlos Frederico , Souza Adilson Pacheco , Soliman Everton Pires , Silva Cátia Cardoso
Published: March 2017

No estado de Mato Grosso, a silvicultura intensiva está na fase inicial cobrindo menos de 0,2% do território. O agronegócio impulsionou investimentos para o estabelecimento de populações com espécies florestais, especialmente o cultivo de Eucalyptus sp. Glycaspis brimblecombei (psilídeo-de-concha-do-eucalipto) tornou-se uma importante praga para o cultivo de eucalipto no Brasil. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi relatar a ocorrência de G. brimblecombei no estado de Mato Grosso, em região de transição dos Biomas Amazônia e Cerrado. Em junho de 2014, observou-se adultos, massas de ovos e ninfas de G. brimblecombei, nas áreas de cultivo atacando Eucalyptus sp. nas cidades de Sinop, Sorriso, Lucas do Rio Verde e Feliz Natal. O período que caracteriza a estação seca na região é entre maio a outubro e devido às altas temperaturas e baixas taxas de precipitação, o que favorece a ocorrência desta praga. Este é o primeiro registro de G. brimblecombei no norte de Mato Grosso.
Damage in Khaya ivorensis caused by Trigona spinipes in Brazilian savannah
Authors: Moura Rebecca Silva de , Souza Kellen Rabello de , Souza Daniel Da Silva , Santana Gabriel Mendes , Oliveira Guilherme Murilo De , Venturoli Fábio , Silva-Neto Carlos De Melo e
Published: March 2017

Trigona spinipes (Dog bee) attack the apical bud of Khaya ivorensis causing atrophy and budding which provoke branches that will depreciate the shaft if not handled. Damage to the culture of K. ivorensis has been reported for Brazil, but never before for the Brazilian savannah. The aim of this study was to survey the dog bee attack and report as first record the presence and damage caused in the African mahogany plantations in the Brazilian savannah. The area has about of 16.6 hectares of African mahogany monoculture in the municipality of Piracanjuba, Goiás. It has been used 21 plots of 400 m², pre-defined and simple random sampling method, in which was carried out forest inventory and observation sprouts the apical part of the stem and consequent artificial pruning of sprouts. Also performing were viewed bees in foraging of activity by cutting the shoots of K. ivorensis. In planting, 6.14% of the trees had regrowth and this percentage may indicate the number of attacked trees. The total trees with regrowth is a large quantity of trees which may develop with problems, generating more than one stem or branch, thereby preclude the affected wood is used for furniture.
Cladosporium spp: Morfologia, infecções e espécies patogênicas
Authors: Menezes Camilla Pinheiro , Perez Ana Luiza Alves de Lima , Oliveira Edeltrudes Lima
Published: March 2017

O gênero Cladosporium spp compreende grande número de fungos dematiáceos com distribuição mundial e que estão entre os fungos de ambiente mais comuns. São frequentemente isolados como contaminantes, no entanto, algumas espécies são patogênicas e toxigênicas para os seres humanos, estando associados a infecções superficiais da pele e dos tecidos moles e incluem sepse disseminada com elevada mortalidade. Cladoporium spp são aero-alérgenos e causam graves doenças alérgicas do trato respiratório, bem como lesões intrabrônquicas. Atualmente, as espécies de Cladosporium spp de interesse médico associadas com doença humana são C. cladosporioides, C. herbarum, C. oxysporum e C. sphaerospermum. No caso de infecções por Cladosporium spp, a terapia é prolongada e varia de acordo com a síndrome clínica. Sendo essencial o conhecimento a cerca desse gênero, para melhor diagnóstico e tratamento adequado. Esta revisão de literatura teve como objetivo reunir informações sobre as características gerais e morfológicas, patologias, aspectos clínicos e principais espécies patogênicas das infecções causadas por esse gênero.
O uso de plantas medicinais para doenças parasitárias
Authors: Melo Cinthia Rodrigues , Lira Andressa Brito , Alves Mateus Feitosa , Lima Caliandra Maria Bezerra Luna
Published: March 2017

O uso de plantas para tratamento de muitas enfermidades vem do conhecimento de antepassados e se propaga ao longo dos anos, mostrando ser uma boa alternativa, principalmente para aqueles que possuem poucos recursos financeiros. Dentre as doenças tratadas encontram-se as parasitoses que são a causa de mais de 200 mil mortes por ano. Esta revisão sistemática pesquisou, na literatura, quais espécies vegetais são usadas por diferentes comunidades do mundo para o tratamento de parasitoses. Para isso foram utilizados os bancos de dados primários: PubMed, SciELO e LILACS. Os termos usados na busca encontraram-se na língua inglesa, associados com o operador booleano AND: “parasitic diseases” AND “plants medicinal”. Encontrando-se 853 publicações, sendo posteriormente aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão, selecionando ao todo 9 artigos.  Foram verificadas 67 espécies de 42 famílias, na qual a família Leguminosae foi a mais citada pela população, e as espécies vegetais mais usadas foram Azadirachta indicam, Euphorbia abyssinica e Mangifera indica, com destaque para a primeira. A malária foi a que teve maior número de plantas medicinais para o seu tratamento. Apesar do desenvolvimento de fármacos, observa-se que a medicina tradicional não caiu em desuso, buscando incentivar estudos científicos que garantam a eficácia terapêutica destas plantas medicinais.
Fibras de Cocos nucifera como sorvente de petróleo em ambiente marinho
Authors: Caldas Alex Soares , Viana Zenira Cardoso Vilasboas , Santos Vera Lucia Cancio Souza
Published: March 2017

Os principais impactos ambientais causados por atividades petrolíferas são decorrentes de atividades de exploração, transporte e refino. Após o acidente do Golfo do México em 2010, aumentou a preocupação ambiental global em desenvolvimento de métodos e materiais que tenham capacidade de remover, recuperar e degradar o petróleo. O presente estudo objetivou aproveitar o resíduo de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) como sorvente em derramamento de óleo no ambiente marinho. Os resultados evidenciaram que, além da boa capacidade de sorção de óleo com grande presença de n- alcanos, o uso da fibra de coco sem tratamento térmico é melhor, enquanto a fibra de coco com tratamento térmico é mais adequada para óleo com grande presença de resinas e asfaltenos.
Congenital nephrotic syndrome may respond to cyclosporine A: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Mulic Bilsana , Milosevski-Lomic Gordana , Paripovic Dusan , Kruscic Divna , Mulic Mersudin , Peco-Antic Amira
Published: March 2017

Introduction. Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNF) is manifested at birth or within the first three months of life. The Finnish-type of CNF is caused by the mutation of the NPHS1 gene, which encodes nephrin in the podocyte slit diaphragm. It is a very severe disease, for which immunosuppressive therapy is not advised. Here we describe a patient with CNF who responded to CsA by partial remission. Case outline. A girl aged 2.5 months presented with severe non-syndromic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. She needed aggressive support including daily albumin infusions and diuretics. Substitution of vitamin D, thyroxin, and anticoagulants were regularly administered. She was also treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, without clear benefits regarding proteinuria. In addition, she received intravenous gamma-globulin replacement therapy and antibiotics during frequent infections. While waiting for the results of genetic analyses and faced with many problems related to daily albumin infusions, infections, and thromboembolic complications, cyclosporine A (CsA) was introduced as an alternative to early nephrectomy and consequent renal failure. The patient responded by partial remission and CsA treatment continued at home without the albumin infusions. After almost five years since the beginning of the treatment, the patient?s renal function remains unreduced. Conclusion. Our case demonstrates that CsA can induce partial remission in patients with genetic forms of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome without influencing the glomerular filtration rate. However, its long-term effect and safety should carefully be monitored.
Biomarkers of early kidney cells dysfunction in patients with membranous nephropathy
Authors: Mitic Branka , Cvetkovic Tatjana , Vlahovic Predrag , Velickovic-Radovanovic Radmila
Published: March 2017

Introduction/Objective. An unfavorable prognosis of membranous nephropathy (MN) is determined by the presence of persistent proteinuria and extensive tubulointerstitial lesions at initial biopsy. Our study investigated the value of markers of renal cell dysfunction (glomerular filtration rate, urinary excretion of protein, ectoenzyme proximal tubular epithelial cells, and oxidative stress) in patients with MN, and points to the use of these markers in a possible therapeutic modification. Methods. The study included 28 patients with MN and 30 healthy individuals as control. In addition to the basic laboratory studies, enzyme [aminopeptidase N (APN), plasma cell glycoprotein-1 (PC-1), N-acetyl- ?-D-glucosaminidase (NAGA), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4] activity was determined in serum and urine, as well as parameters of oxidative damage [thiobarbituric acid concentration of substance-responders (TBARS), malondialdehyde, and the concentration of the total sulfhydryl (SH) group]. Results. In patients with MN, serum activity of PC-1 and APN and urinary excretion of NAGA were significantly higher than in the control group. Also, significant correlation between daily proteinuria and serum PC-1 activity and urinary excretion of NAGA was found in patients with MN. Serum and urine levels of TBARS as well as total SH group levels were significantly lower in patients with MN than in healthy controls. Conclusion. Kidney damage in MN is accompanied by the release of several tubular enzymes, with potential diagnostic and prognostic significance. The study suggests a possible role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of MN and the use of antioxidants in preventing impairment as part of future therapy.
La importancia de las Políticas públicas en el fomento del Turismo Cultural-Religioso en Guanajuato
Authors: Albor Guzmán Saúl Manuel , Lozano Montero Eva , Godínez López Roberto
Published: March 2017

El turismo cultural en su aspecto espiritual religioso, tiene la potencialidad de convertirse en factor de desarrollo y competitividad turística tanto nacional como internacional en la Ciudad de Guanajuato y otras ciudades del Bajío. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar su incidencia en el propio desarrollo regional. El tipo de investigación es cualitativa, aplicándose el método documental, descriptivo y analítico. Se arriba a la conclusión de que este turismo cultural puede ser fomentado mediante políticas públicas adecuadas que den a conocer el patrimonio cultural y contribuir así al desarrollo social y económico de la ciudad de Guanajuato.
John Theophilus Desaguliers: A Newtonian between patronage and market relations
Authors: Soares Luiz Carlos
Published: March 2017

The dissemination of the mechanical and Newtonian experimental philosophy in 18th-century England arose fascination in relation to the possible application of this new knowledge to the needs of productive life and the general welfare of the population. The activity of many independent and/or itinerant lecturers proved to be fundamental to spread the Newtonian philosophy and allow for the emergence of an ideal of applied science. In the present paper I discuss the intellectual trajectory of John Theophilus Desaguliers (1683-1744), who was the curator, or ‘official experimenter’, of the Royal Society of London and became a pioneer in the spreading of Newtonianism, as well as one of the most important and most respected independent lecturers on mechanical and experimental philosophy in the first half of the 18th century.
A variação teu/seu: um estudo diacrônico e sincrônico
Authors: Pereira Rachel De Oliveira
Published: March 2017

O presente trabalho orienta-se para o estudo da forma possessiva teu em oposição à forma seu, através de duas perspectivas: na diacronia e na sincronia. Para a análise diacrônica, observa-se a utilização das estratégias possessivas em cartas pessoais de diferentes famílias datadas de 1870 a 1980. No total foram utilizadas 143 cartas para compor o corpus, no entanto, com o intuito de fazer uma análise mais confiável, tais cartas foram divididas em torno de 10 cartas por década. Na análise sincrônica, observou-se a variação entre as formas possessivas através de esquetes do canal “Porta dos Fundos”. Desta maneira, busca-se descrever a utilização dessas formas, observando seus usos de acordo com a situação comunicativa estabelecida, através dos padrões discutidos pela teoria do Poder e Solidariedade (BROWN; GILMAN, 1960). O estudo também leva em conta os pressupostos teóricos da teoria variacionista quantitativa laboviana (LABOV, 1994), visando identificar os fatores linguísticos e extralinguísticos que determinam o uso dos pronomes possessivos referentes à segunda pessoa do singular. Em síntese, este estudo preliminar aponta que as formas possessivas tendem a acompanhar o comportamento do sujeito na diacronia e que o possessivo seu, aparentemente, possui um comportamento polifuncional. 
O século XIX e sua crise de identidade: PB ou PE? Uma questão de competição de gramáticas
Authors: Melo Elaine Alves Santos
Published: March 2017

À luz da Teoria gerativa de Princípios e Parâmetros (CHOMSKY, 1981), observaremos se as construções com SE são evidências, assim como a colocação pronominal (PAGOTTO, 1993; CARNEIRO, 2005), para apontarmos que o século XIX é um período de competição de gramáticas na escrita de brasileiros. Para tanto, utilizaremos a análise de Raposo e Uriagereka (1996) para as construções com SE, segundo a qual não há SE-passivo, mas apenas SE-indefinido ou SE-genérico que funcionam como sujeito da oração. A amostra é constituída por cartas de leitores, cartas de redatores e anúncios publicados em jornais cariocas durante o século XIX.
Edição filológica e digital do Livro do Gado e do Livro de Razão do arquivo do Sobrado do Brejo (Bahia setecentista e oitocentista)
Authors: Lacerda Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira , Carneiro Zenaide De Oliveira Novais
Published: March 2017

Neste trabalho, aborda-se uma documentação de foro privado, o Livro do Gado e o Livro de Razão do Brejo do Campo Seco, no sertão da Bahia, com 57 e 195 folhas, respectivamente, escritos por três gerações, do último quartel do século XVIII ao terceiro quartel do século XIX. São documentos importantes para a história do português brasileiro, de forma particular para a história de penetração e difusão da escrita na Bahia. A edição semidiplomática e edição digital que se pretende realizar desses textos – cujas metodologias estão aqui descritas – atendem a uma das agendas do Projeto Nacional Para uma História do Português Brasileiro (PHPB), que vem divulgando corpora manuscritos e impressos de períodos pretéritos, para estudo da história do português culto e do português popular do Brasil. Essas edições servirão não apenas a pesquisadores interessados em aspectos linguísticos, da difusão da escrita, da leitura, das transmissões textuais, mas em aspectos históricos, políticos, econômico-sociais, entre outros. 
Modal Intelektual dan Kinerja Keuangan dengan Menggunakan Islamicity Performance Index pada Umum Syariah
Authors: Puspitosari Indriyana
Published: March 2017

The aim of this study is to find the evidence about correlation between intellectual capital and financial performance because of the orientation changing about corporate assets from the tangible asset become intellectual capital. This study uses 9 shariah banking in Indonesia as the sample in period 2011-2014. The intellectual capital variable gauge by modified Pulics model for Islamic banking with three komponen iB-VACA, iB-VAHU and iB-STVA. Profit sharing ratio, zakat performance ratio and Islamic income vs non Islamis income are the proxy of Financiel performance. This study used Pearson Corelation analysis as tools to analyze this corelation. The study finding that between intellectual capotal component and islamicity Performance Index indicatore have the different strength and direction correlation
Peran Negara dalam Perekonomian (Tinjauan Teoritis Kebijakan Fiskal dalam Ekonomi Islam)
Authors: Sofyan Syaakir
Published: March 2017

Indonesia is a state based on law and adopts welfare. Thus, the state has an obligation and responsibility to realize public welfare as stated in the fourth paragraph of Undang-Undang Dasar (UUD) Negara Republik Indonesia 1945. In achieving these objectives, the government must play an important role in various aspects of community life, especially in the economy. One form of government intervention, namely in fiscal policy by adjusting the state revenues and expenditures in the state budget. In Islamic economics, fiscal policy objective is to create economic stability, high economic growth and equitable distribution of income, coupled with the other objectives contained in the rules of Islam
Pembelajaran Everyone Is Teacher Here Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Musnaeni Musnaeni , Nasaruddin Nasaruddin
Published: March 2017

The main problem in this research is the teachers who do not use effective learning methods. One interesting learning methods to be implemented is the Everyone Is Teacher Here methods. It gives the opportunity for each student to act as a teacher for his friends. The research is experimental study using pretest-posttest control design. The technique of collecting data through observation and tests. The population is all students of class IX SMP Muhammadiayah Palopo many as 43 students. Based on the results of descriptive data analysis showed that the control class and experimental class before treatment with less category with an average of 57.14 and 55.73. Meanwhile, after treatment showed that the control class is in the category simply mean = 71.81 and the experimental class in both categories with mean = 78.73. So we can conclude that there is influence in terms of qualitative and quantitative terms occur due to the different categories of learning outcomes and the average value of students, in other words, there is the effect of the application of Everyone Is Teacher Here methods the results of students' mathematics learning in SMP Muhammadiyah Palopo
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VII Berdasarkan Level Kemampuan Matematis
Authors: Nufus Hayatun , Ariawan Rezi , Nurdin Erdawati , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin
Published: March 2017

This study examines the problem of improving mathematics learning outcomes among students with cooperative learning model NHT type and conventional learning approaches is reviewed as a whole and for each level of mathematical ability (high, medium, and low). This research is a quasi-experimental research design Nonequivalent Control Group Design uses Simple Random Sampling technique. The population in this study were students of class VII in a private junior high school in the city of Pekanbaru in Riau in the academic year 2014/2015. While the sample is graders VII2 as control class and class VII2 as an experimental class. The instrument used in this study is the mathematics achievement test. Quantitative analysis was performed using two mean difference test. The results showed that: (1) there is significant implementation of cooperative learning model NHT on the results of students' mathematics learning is reviewed as a whole and the level of ability was; (2) there is no effect of the application of cooperative learning model NHT towards mathematics learning outcomes of students based on high and low-level capabilities.
PERILAKU BERAGAMA DAN ETOS KERJA MASYARAKAT PESISIR DI KELURAHAN PENGGOLI KECAMATAN WARA UTARA KOTA PALOPO
Authors: Thaha Hamdani , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: March 2017

This study discussed the religious attitude and work ethos of coastal communities in the Penggoli (studies on the clumps of Lawatu). The purpose of this study is to determine the pattern of religious behavior and its relationship with work ethic of Lawatu societies. The data were collected through observation, documentation, and structured-interviews. The interviews were conducted in semi-structures by selecting the informant utilizing a purposive sampling technique. The findings showed that: 1) Lawatu societies who live in Penggoli are devout religious believers, but they also still maintain ancestors’ cultures transformed into religious rituals. Many rituals that have become religious traditions are still often conducted by Lawatu societies, for examples: Mabbaca-baca, Massio-sio, and Mammaulu. 2) They have lives principles in running their activities, especially in civic lives and subsistences. The principles are in the forms of Mabbulo Sibatang, Pakkareso, Mapanre Lima, Sipakatongeng.
Coordinate-Based Meta-Analysis of the Default Mode and Salience Network for Target Identification in Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation of Alzheimer’s Disease and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia Networks
Authors: Pievani Michela , Pini Lorenzo , Ferrari Clarissa , Pizzini Francesca B. , Boscolo Galazzo Ilaria , Cobelli Chiara , Cotelli Maria , Manenti Rosa , Frisoni Giovanni B.
Published: March 2017

Background: The accurate choice of the site of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is an important factor in trial design.

Objective: Based on the observation that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and behavioral frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) affect specific large-scale networks, i.e., the default mode network (DMN) and the salience network (SN), respectively, we aimed to identify population-average coordinates of these networks that could be used as potential targets in NIBS trials aiming to modulate these circuits.

Methods: A systematic literature search of resting-state functional MRI studies reporting DMN and SN stereotactic coordinates was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Coordinate-based meta-analyses were conducted to identify consistent nodes of the DMN and SN using GingerALE BrainMap software and the activation likelihood estimation method.

Results: DMN coordinates mapped primarily to mesial areas (posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus [Brodmann Area – BA 23/31] and medial prefrontal cortex [BA 9/10/32]). More superficial areas mapped to the bilateral parietal (angular gyrus [BA 39]), temporal (middle gyrus [BA 21]) and dorsolateral prefrontal (superior gyrus [BA 8]) cortex. SN coordinates mapped primarily to mesial and deep frontal areas (anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex [BA 24/32]), but more superficial areas mapped to the bilateral parietal (supramarginal gyrus [BA 40]) and the right dorsolateral prefrontal (middle gyrus [BA 9/10]) cortex.

Conclusions: NIBS should target the bilateral angular, the middle temporal cortex, or superior frontal gyri in AD for DMN modulation, and the right middle frontal or supramarginal gyri in bvFTD for SN modulation.
Long-Term Cognitive Decline in Dementia with Lewy Bodies in a Large Multicenter, International Cohort
Authors: Kramberger Milica G. , Auestad Bjørn , Garcia-Ptacek Sara , Abdelnour Carla , Olmo Josep Garre , Walker Zuzana , Lemstra Afina W. , Londos Elisabet , Blanc Frederic , Bonanni Laura , McKeith Ian , Winblad Bengt , de Jong Frank Jan , Nobili Flavio , Stefanova Elka , Petrova Maria , Falup-Pecurariu Cristian , Rektorova Irena , Bostantjopoulou Sevasti , Biundo Roberta , Weintraub Daniel , Aarsland Dag ,   on behalf of the E-DLB
Published: March 2017

Background/Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the rate and clinical predictors of cognitive decline in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and compare the findings with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) patients.

Methods: Longitudinal scores for the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in 1,290 patients (835 DLB, 198 PDD, and 257 AD) were available from 18 centers with up to three years longitudinal data. Linear mixed effects analyses with appropriate covariates were used to model MMSE decline over time. Several subgroup analyses were performed, defined by anti-dementia medication use, baseline MMSE score, and DLB core features.

Results: The mean annual decline in MMSE score was 2.1 points in DLB, compared to 1.6 in AD ( p = 0.07 compared to DLB) and 1.8 in PDD ( p = 0.19). Rates of decline were significantly higher in DLB compared to AD and PDD when baseline MMSE score was included as a covariate, and when only those DLB patients with an abnormal dopamine transporter SPECT scan were included. Decline was not predicted by sex, baseline MMSE score, or presence of specific DLB core features.

Conclusions: The average annual decline in MMSE score in DLB is approximately two points. Although in the overall analyses there were no differences in the rate of decline between the three neurodegenerative disorders, there were indications of a more rapid decline in DLB than in AD and PDD. Further studies are needed to understand the predictors and mechanisms of cognitive decline in DLB.
Information and Communication Technologies for the Activities of Daily Living in Older Patients with Dementia: A Systematic Review
Authors: D’Onofrio Grazia , Sancarlo Daniele , Ricciardi Francesco , Panza Francesco , Seripa Davide , Cavallo Filippo , Giuliani Francesco , Greco Antonio
Published: March 2017

Background: Significant innovations have been introduced in recent years in the application of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to support healthcare for patients with dementia.

Objective: In the present systematic review, our goal is to keep track of ICT concepts and approaches to support the range of activities of daily living for people with dementia and to provide a snapshot of the effect that technology is having on patients’ self-reliance.

Methods: We reviewed the literature and identified systematic reviews of cohort studies and other authoritative reports. Our selection criteria included: (1) activities of daily living, (2) ICT, and (3) dementia.

Results: We identified 56 studies published between 2000 and 2015, of which 26 met inclusion criteria. The present systematic review revealed many ICT systems that could purportedly support the range of activities of daily living for patients with dementia. The results showed five research bodies: 1) technologies used by patients with dementia, 2) technologies used by caregivers, 3) monitoring systems, 4) ambient assistive living with ICTs, and 5) tracking and wayfinding.

Conclusions: There is a potential for ICTs to support dementia care at home and to improve quality of life for caregivers, reducing healthcare costs and premature institutional care for these patients.
Modeling the Relationships Among Late-Life Body Mass Index, Cerebrovascular Disease, and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropathology in an Autopsy Sample of 1,421 Subjects from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Data Set
Authors: Alosco Michael L. , Duskin Jonathan , Besser Lilah M. , Martin Brett , Chaisson Christine E. , Gunstad John , Kowall Neil W. , McKee Ann C. , Stern Robert A. , Tripodis Yorghos
Published: March 2017

The relationship between late-life body mass index (BMI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is poorly understood due to the lack of research in samples with autopsy-confirmed AD neuropathology (ADNP). The role of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in the interplay between late-life BMI and ADNP is unclear. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal investigation and used joint modeling of linear mixed effects to investigate causal relationships among repeated antemortem BMI measurements, CVD (quantified neuropathologically), and ADNP in an autopsy sample of subjects across the AD clinical continuum. The sample included 1,421 subjects from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center’s Uniform Data Set and Neuropathology Data Set with diagnoses of normal cognition (NC; n = 234), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 201), or AD dementia ( n = 986). ADNP was defined as moderate to frequent neuritic plaques and Braak stageIII–VI. Ischemic Injury Scale (IIS) operationalized CVD. Joint modeling examined relationships among BMI, IIS, and ADNP in the overall sample and stratified by initial visit Clinical Dementia Rating score. Subject-specific random intercept for BMI was the predictor for ADNP due to minimal BMI change ( p = 0.3028). Analyses controlling for demographic variables and APOE ɛ4 showed lower late-life BMI predicted increased odds of ADNP in the overall sample ( p < 0.001), and in subjects with CDR of 0 ( p = 0.0021) and 0.5 ( p = 0.0012), but not ≥1.0 ( p = 0.2012). Although higher IIS predicted greater odds of ADNP ( p < 0.0001), BMI did not predict IIS ( p = 0.2814). The current findings confirm lower late-life BMI confers increased odds for ADNP. Lower late-life BMI may be a preclinical indicator of underlying ADNP.
The Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease: Are Fast Decliners Really Fast? A Four-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Barocco Federica , Spallazzi Marco , Concari Letizia , Gardini Simona , Pelosi Annalisa , Caffarra Paolo
Published: March 2017

Background: The rate of cognitive and functional decline in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) changes across individuals.

Objectives: Our purpose was to assess whether the concept of “fast decline” really fits its definition and whether cognitive and functional variables at onset can predict the progression of AD.

Methods: 324 AD patients were included. We retrospectively examined their Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score and sub-items, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) at baseline and every six months for a 4-year follow-up. Patients were divided into “fast decliners” ( n = 62), defined by a loss ≥5 points on the MMSE score within the first year from the baseline; “intermediate decliners” ( n = 37), by a loss ≥5 points after the first year and before the 18th month; or “slow decliners” ( n = 225), composed of the remaining patients.

Results: At baseline, the groups did not differ on demographic, clinical, and cognitive variables. The decline at the end of the 4-year follow-up period seems to be similar among the different decline clusters. Predictors of disease progression have not been identified; only the MMSE total score at 12 months <14/30 was indicative of a poor prognosis.

Conclusions: Even with the limitation due to the small sample size, the lack of differences in the disease progression in time in the different clusters suggest the inconsistency of the so-called “fast decliners”. This study was unable to show any significant difference among clusters of AD progression within a 4-year time interval. Further studies should better clarify whether a more consistent distinction exists between slow and fast decliners.
Logopenic Aphasia due to a Strategic Stroke: New Evidence from a Single Case
Authors: Riancho Javier , Pozueta Ana , Santos Miguel , Lage Carmen , Carril José M. , Banzo Ignacio , Martínez-Rodriguez Isabel , Gorno-Tempini Marilu , Sánchez-Juan Pascual
Published: March 2017

Among primary progressive aphasias (PPAs), logopenic variant PPA (lv-PPA) is usually related to Alzheimer’s disease. Although it has been widely clinically and pathologically evaluated, the topography in LPA is still controversial. We report a patient presenting with a logopenic syndrome due to a strategic lesion located in the superior and middle temporal gyrus and compare our findings with those of a PiB-PET positive lv-PPA patient matched by age, gender, and education. We consider that our study provides new anatomical clues to better understand the cognitive mechanisms underlying the logopenic syndrome.
Clinical Profile and Outcome of Intracranial Meningioma in Apollo Hospitals Dhaka
Authors: Karim AKMB , Joarder MA , Islam S , Akhter N , Orin M , Hossain J , Khaled A , Ahsan S , Joseph V , Nasir TA , Jahangir SM , Chandy MJ
Published: March 2017

Background: A meningioma is a tumor that arises from the meninges- the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.Objective: This is a retrospective analysis of the recorded data of patients managed for intracranial meningiomas between January 2007 and June 2015 at Apollo Hospital, Dhaka.Methodology: Demographic data was analyzed for all but only patients who had surgery and histological diagnosis were analyzed for outcome.Results: This study shows that meningiomas had female preponderance. Majority cases were above 50 years of age. Convexity is the most common anatomical location of meningioma. Most common symptoms were headache (70%) followed by seizure in 34.3% of patients. 90% of the cases were benign. Malignant meningioma was 1.4% and recurrence was found in 1.4% of cases. Six patients with histological grades I, II and III meningi- omas were sent for stereotactic radiotherapy after incomplete tumor resection or for residual tumour. Total removal was done in 80% cases and the mortality was 1.4%, in patient who had poor GCS score on admission.Pulse Vol.9 January-December 2016 p.22-26
Chirp Signals and Noisy Waveforms for Solid-State Surveillance Radars
Authors: Galati Gaspare , Pavan Gabriele , De Palo Francesco
Published: March 2017

Since the advent of “pulse compression” radar, the “chirp” signal (Linear Frequency Modulation, LFM) has been one of the most widely used radar waveforms. It is well known that, by changing its modulation into a Non-Linear Frequency Modulation (NLFM), better performance in terms of Peak-to-Sidelobes Ratio (PSLR) can be achieved to mitigate the masking effect of nearby targets and to increase the useful dynamic range. Adding an appropriate amplitude modulation, as occurs in Hybrid-NLFM (HNLFM), the PSLR can reach very low values (e.g., PSLR < −60 dB), comparable to the two-way antenna sidelobes in azimuth. On the other hand, modern solid-state power amplifier technology, using low-power modules, requires them to be combined at the Radio Frequency (RF) stage in order to achieve the desired transmitted power. Noise Radar Technology (NRT) represents a valid alternative to deterministic waveforms. It makes use of pseudo-random waveforms—realizations of a noise process. The higher its time-bandwidth (or BT) product, the higher the (statistical) PSLR. With practical BT values, the achievable PSLR using pure random noise is generally not sufficient. Therefore, the generated pseudorandom waveforms can be “tailored” (TPW: Tailored Pseudorandom Waveforms) at will through suitable algorithms in order to achieve the desired sidelobe level, even only in a limited range interval, as shown in this work. Moreover, the needed high BT, i.e., the higher time duration T having fixed the bandwidth B, matches well with the low power solid-state amplifiers of Noise Radar. Focusing the interest on (civil) surveillance radar applications, such as ATC (Air Traffic Control) and marine radar, this paper proposes a general review of the two classes of waveforms, i.e., HNLFM and TPW.
Optimal Scheduling of Industrial Task-Continuous Load Management for Smart Power Utilization
Authors: Wang Jidong , Fang Kaijie , Dai Jiaqiang , Yang Yuhao , Zhou Yue
Published: March 2017

In the context of climate change and energy crisis around the world, an increasing amount of attention has been paid to developing clean energy and improving energy efficiency. The penetration of distributed generation (DG) is increasing rapidly on the user’s side of an increasingly intelligent power system. This paper proposes an optimization method for industrial task-continuous load management in which distributed generation (including photovoltaic systems and wind generation) and energy storage devices are both considered. To begin with, a model of distributed generation and an energy storage device are built. Then, subject to various constraints, an operation optimization problem is formulated to maximize user profit, renewable energy efficiency, and the local consumption of distributed generation. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified by comparing user profit under different power modes.