bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theory Analysis of Justice Against Good-faith Buyers in Freedom of Contract
Authors: Miarsa Fajar Rachmad Dwi , Nasution Krisnadi , Prasetyawati Endang , Hadi Syofyan
Published: January 2025

The Abuse of circumstances can occur when one of the parties has advantages in economic, psychological, and physical fields. The cases regarding the abuse of circumstances in Indonesia is often occur, but the law in Indonesia has not regulated this matter and is only based on jurisprudence. The case that often occurs is one of the parties who has weak economy in dependence/need position, then they forced to voluntary accept the clauses or promises made by monopolized party (bargaining power) in order to get the things needed (achievements), although the agreement can be detrimental to them. This research uses normative legal research which is also called doctrinal legal research. Normative legal research is legal research conducted by examining library materials or secondary legal data. Normative legal research is also called literature law research. The results of this research are good faith buyers who prioritize the main principle, no harm others and based on the principle of propriety as stated by Aristotle and Adam Smith.
The Influence of Facilities and Motivation on Employee Productivity at Kairatu Sub-District Office
Authors: Paais Maartje
Published: January 2025

Productivity is crucial things in determining whether an operating system is functioning well, the efficiency indicator, and the competitiveness of a company. There are several objectives of this research, such as (1) to find out the influence of facilities on employee work productivity at the Kairatu Sub-District Office, West Seram; (2) to determine the influence of motivation on employee work productivity at the Kairatu Sub-District Office, West Seram; and (3) to find out more about the influence of facilities and motivation on employee work productivity at the Kairatu Sub-District Office, West Seram. Primary data of this research was obtained by using questionnaires to several selected respondents and conducting interviews. Meanwhile, secondary data obtained from related literatures. The analytical tool used is descriptive analysis of simple linear regression. Therefore, the research findings indicated that there is a partial influence between facilities on employee work productivity at Kairatu sub-district office, West Seram; there is a partial influence between motivation on employee work productivity at Kairatu sub-district office, West Seram; there is a significant influence on facilities and work motivation simultaneously that also affects employee productivity; and there is about 80.9% of the influence of facilities and motivation on employee productivity at Kairatu sub-district office, West Seram and the rest of 19.1% is a percentage influenced by other factors not studied by the researcher.
KAJIAN HUKUM INDONESIA TENTANG HAK WARIS ANAK LUAR NIKAH
Authors: Yaurwarin Wahid
Published: January 2025

Anak merupakan titipan dan anugerah dari Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, yang memiliki nilai dan martabat sebagai manusia sepenuhnya. Anak adalah harapan masa depan, dengan potensi dan perannya sebagai generasi muda penerus perjuangan bangsa. Mereka memiliki peran penting dan karakteristik khusus yang menjamin keberlanjutan bangsa dan negara di masa mendatang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan bagaimana hak anak luar nikah untuk menjadi ahli waris menurut perspektif hukum di Indonesia, sehingga keluarga atau masyarakat yang mengalami permasalahan terkait dengan anak luar nikah, bisa menuntut suami atau laki-laki yang karena perbuatannya sehingga lahirnya anak diluar kawin untuk mempertanggungjawabkan perbuatannya. Penelitian ini memakai metode normatif yuridis dengan pendekatan terhadap peraturan hukum serta pendekatan konseptual. Data yang digunakan berupa bahan hukum primer, yaitu Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, serta Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia menjamin kesejahteraan warga negaranya, termasuk perlindungan hak anak sebagai hak asasi manusia, karena anak merupakan amanah dan generasi penerus bangsa. Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010 menyatakan bahwa anak luar kawin memiliki hubungan perdata dengan ayah dan keluarganya, selama dapat dibuktikan melalui ilmu pengetahuan atau bukti hukum yang relevan.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, DISIPLIN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KARYAWAN PADA PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA (PTPN) XIV DI LIANG AWAIYA, KECAMATAN TELUK ELPAPUTIH, KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Souhoka Semuel
Published: January 2025

Manajemen sumber daya manusia bertujuan untuk mengelola tenaga kerja secara efektif agar optimal dalam mencapai tujuan perusahaan. Kinerja karyawan sangat dipengaruhi oleh gaya kepemimpinan, disiplin kerja, dan motivasi. Gaya kepemimpinan yang baik, disiplin kerja yang tinggi, serta motivasi yang kuat mampu meningkatkan kepuasan kerja karyawan, yang pada akhirnya berperan penting dalam meningkatkan produktivitas dan pencapaian tujuan perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, disiplin kerja, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kepuasan karyawan PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) XIV di Liang Awaiya, Kecamatan Teluk Elpaputih, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari seluruh karyawan PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) XIV di Liang Awaiya yang berjumlah 40 orang. Data dianalisis dengan uji asumsi klasik, regresi linear berganda, uji hipotesis, dan uji koefisien determinasi. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 20. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja, disiplin kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja, sedangkan motivasi kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Kontribusi pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, disiplin kerja, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja (R²) sebesar 94,3%, sedangkan 5,7% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Gaya kepemimpinan memberikan pengaruh terbesar terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF NUTRIENT USE IN BIOFLOC SYSTEM VANAME SHRIMP TO MAXIMIZE FARMING PROFITS
Authors: Bufon Yuan Lucky , Murnawan Hery
Published: January 2025

Aquaculture is one of the alternative activities in increasing fisheries production. Shrimp is the commodity with the highest number of exports, which is 239.28 million kilograms. The key to the growth of cultured biota is by feeding nutrients in order to increase company profits. The purpose of this research is to determine whether nutritional formulas may reduce feed costs for cultivation and are able to accelerate the growth of biota to be cultivated and determine the results of profit comparisons between cultivation using nutritional formulas and not using nutritional formulas. This research applies descriptive approach method by means of observation and interviews and business feasibility analysis including income, TR (Total Revenue), BEP (Break Event Point), PBP (Payback Period) and FRR (Financial Rate of Return). The results of this research indicated that the provision of nutrients in biofloc system vaname shrimp farming can maximize the benefits of cultivation, BEP and PBP are also much faster and FRR > Bank interest rates.
Development of a Defect Diagnosis Algorithm for Blow-molded Transparent Plastic Bottles based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)
Authors: Choi Young Woon , Lee Sang Won
Published: January 2025

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles are widely used for food and beverage packaging, produced through blow-molding processes. Defects in PET bottles often arise due to improper process conditions, with visual inspections commonly performed by workers. However, the growing importance of quality assurance in consumer goods has driven demand for advanced defect detection methods using image processing or deep learning. This study develops a defect diagnosis algorithm for transparent PET bottles based on a convolutional neural network (CNN). A testbed was created to capture images of PET bottles, collecting datasets of normal and defective bottles using a vision camera. An image processing sequence was designed to enhance feature extraction of defective areas during CNN computations. The CNN-based model was trained to classify normal and defective bottles and optimized using grid search to select the model with the highest accuracy.Results demonstrate significant improvements in diagnosis accuracy when the proposed image processing technique is applied to the training and testing datasets. This study provides a robust framework for automating defect detection in PET bottles, highlighting the potential of combining CNN with enhanced preprocessing techniques for quality assurance in manufacturing.
Operation Status Diagnosis of an Underwater Cutting Robot Using Adaptive Weighted Parallel 1D-DenseNet
Authors: Park Sangwook , Kim Bongcheol , Kang Byeong Guk , Lee Jonghwan , Hyun Dongjun , Kim Ikjune , Oh Hyunseok , Mun Duhwan
Published: January 2025

The interior of a nuclear reactor, filled with water and classified as a medium-level radiation area, is inaccessible to humans, requiring underwater remote cutting during decommissioning. However, the cutting process generates bubbles and light, hindering camera-based monitoring and necessitating status determination through sensor data. This study introduces an adaptive weighted parallel 1D-DenseNet that integrates pressure and hydrophone sensor data in both time and frequency domains to distinguish between cutting and idle states. Time-series data are transformed into the frequency domain via fast Fourier Transform (FFT), generating four inputs: raw and FFT signals for each sensor. These inputs are processed through a parallel network, where the outputs of 1D-DenseNet are multiplied by adaptive weights, concatenated, and passed through a fully connected layer for status determination. The proposed method achieves higher computational efficiency than conventional time-frequency approaches and seamlessly integrates additional sensors. Experimental results on a validation dataset show an accuracy of 98.85% and an F1-score of 0.9888. Comparisons with baseline models and an ablation study confirm its superior performance. The proposed model offers an effective solution for monitoring underwater cutting processes during nuclear reactor decommissioning
Mediatisasi Dakwah: Popularitas Kajian Halimah Alaydrus dan Umi Laila di Kalangan Generasi Z
Authors: Sri Rafika Umroh Vivi
Published: January 2025

Perkembangan digitalisasi telah mempengaruhi cara penyebaran dakwah, terutama di kalangan generasi Z. Fenomena ini terlihat dari meningkatnya popularitas pendakwah perempuan, Halimah Alaydrus dan Umi Laila, di media sosial. Dalam konteks ini, mediatisasi agama memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk cara generasi muda memahami dan mengkonsumsi ajaran agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana fenomena mediatisasi agama mempengaruhi popularitas kajian yang disampaikan oleh Halimah Alaydrus dan Umi Laila di media sosial serta faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap daya tarik mereka di kalangan generasi Z. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan netnografi. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi akun media sosial kedua pendakwah dan analisis literatur terkait untuk memahami pola interaksi dan penyampaian pesan dakwah. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua pendakwah berhasil menarik perhatian generasi Z melalui pendekatan yang modern dan relatable. Halimah Alaydrus dikenal dengan gaya penyampaian yang tenang dan lugas, sementara Umi Laila menggabungkan nasyid dan humor dalam dakwahnya, menjadikannya lebih menarik dan interaktif. Mediatisasi agama di ruang digital telah mengubah cara dakwah diterima oleh generasi muda. Popularitas Halimah Alaydrus dan Umi Laila menjadi contoh bagaimana pesan agama dapat disampaikan secara efektif melalui platform media sosial, menciptakan identitas baru di kalangan generasi Z.
Acoustic Monitoring of the Coal-Rock Massif State in Stress-Strain Zones during Hydroimpulsive Impact: Application Experience
Authors: Zberovskyi Vasyl , Ahaiev Ruslan , Vlasenko Vasyl , Kyrychenko Maryna
Published: January 2025

The paper presents the results of acoustic monitoring studies on the state of coal-rock massif during the hydroimpulsive loosening of outburst-hazardous coal seams in the working faces of development workings. The parameters of the cavitation device and the regularities in the development of periodically discontinuous fluid flow, which manifests on the coal surface as high-frequency hydroimpulsive vibration and generates secondary vibrations in the coal-rock massif, are considered. The main methodological regulations for the use of acoustic monitoring systems in the mines of Ukraine and the parameters for evaluating the effectiveness of control methods on the stress–strain state of the outburst-hazardous massif are presented. The results of using acoustic systems in the study of the coal-rock massif state and the criteria substantiation for controlling and evaluating the effectiveness of hydroloosening of outburst-hazardous coal seams are considered. A comparison of the results of theoretical, laboratory, and mining-experimental studies under the conditions of the mines of “Krasnodonvuhillia” was performed.
GaN, InAs, GaAs, Terahertz (THz) Electronics for Bio-Medical Sensing and Military Navigation Applications
Authors: Tarauni Yusuf U. , Thiruvadigal John
Published: January 2025

Consistent use of silicon or graphene and other semiconductor-based materials for terahertz generation and detection leads to a plain effect such as the device running out of steam above the frequency of ~100 GHz due to the transport time limitations for the device to operate at high terahertz frequencies that range from 0.1 to 10 THz, which demarcates electronics from photonics and has, over a long period, been difficult to access and process. Also, photonic devices falter below a frequency of ~10 THz, which forces the thermal energy of the phonon to decrease down to room temperature. Therefore, the research society needs alternative materials using homojunctions and heterojunctions of III-V-based semiconductors like GaN and GaAs as materials for terahertz detectors. A clear response is needed at that upper part of the frequency range. A new strategy is required using a recessed-gated III-V semiconductor-based high electron mobility transistor to operate in the terahertz region.
The Demographic Dynamics of Conflict and Violence: Ethnicity, Youth Bulge, and Population Mobility in Afghanistan
Authors: Qasim Wafayezada Mohammad , Shafiq Musa
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the demographic dynamics of conflict and violence in Afghanistan and its interplay with ethnic politics and sociopolitical structures. Afghanistan, a country home to diverse ethnolinguistic and religious groups, has suffered from protracted and devastating conflict and an unending cycle of social and political violence. The impact of conflict has been profound both on demographic fabrics and sociopolitical structures and relations. In recent decades, demographic factors, such as rapid population growth, youth bulge, migration, and displacement, coupled with sluggish economic development and state failure, have pushed Afghanistan to the precipice of disintegration and social fragmentation. Especially under conditions of competitive ethnic politics, the severe impact of climate change, increasing poverty, and economic disparity, demographic factors contribute to fueling successive waves of conflict and violence, creating a vicious cycle of instability. In this chapter, we examine the crucial role of demographic processes of youth bulge and population mobility in shaping the fragile political setting and continuation of violence in Afghanistan. Benefiting from political and ethnic demography, this study attempts to provide an explanatory framework for the causal relationship between social conflict and demographic factors, highlighting their interplay with ethnic politics in an interdisciplinary approach.
Pharmacotherapy of Sleep Disorders
Authors: Khanna Shreshth
Published: January 2025

Sleep is a very integral part of our functioning with normal adults sleeping for about 1/3rd of their lives. Sleep disorders are a group of conditions that alter the ability of a person to get appropriate sleep which can alter the day-to-day functioning. In the present day and age sleep disorders irrespective of the reason the growth in the sleep disorders is alarming. Although many people tend to experience sleep disturbances on an occasional basis owing to stressful life situations, alterations in job schedules, traveling, and many other external influences, but when these issues occur regularly and become an impedance in the day-to-day activities, it may be suggestive of a sleeping disorder. A deficiency of a good quality sleep can have overall undesirable consequences on the vitality, temperament, attentiveness, and well-being of an individual. Sleep difficulties are linked to both physical and emotional problems. Sleep problems can both contribute to and exacerbate existing mental problems as well as serve as an important indicator of other mental health conditions. While the various sleep problems may resolve on its own or eventually conclude after a successful course of therapy, in a few resistant cases the treatment normally involves a combination of medical treatments and lifestyle changes.
Blood Gas Monitoring in Anesthesia Applications
Authors: Turhan Semin
Published: January 2025

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of blood gas monitoring in anesthesia, focusing on various methods such as arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis, venous blood gas (VBG) analysis, and non-invasive monitoring techniques. The chapter discusses the importance of monitoring parameters like pH, PaCO2, and PaO2 during anesthesia to maintain respiratory and metabolic stability, and it highlights the differences between arterial and venous blood gases in clinical practice. Innovations in blood gas monitoring technologies, including transcutaneous monitoring, capnography, and artificial intelligence (AI)-supported digital systems, are explored, with emphasis on their impact on real-time decision-making and patient safety. The future role of artificial intelligence and digital platforms in enhancing blood gas analysis and preventing complications is also covered. Additionally, the chapter addresses the challenges of oxygen toxicity and acid-base imbalances during anesthesia and emphasizes the importance of early detection and intervention. The significance of postoperative blood gas monitoring in preventing respiratory failure and other complications is also discussed.
Retracted: Do Complex Emotions Affect Grammar Structure in L2? An Application of Control-Value Theory
Authors: Alhaider Siham
Published: January 2025

In this experimental study, the researcher investigates the effects of complex emotions on cognitive linguistic processing between three distinct EFL (English as a Foreign Language) groups: an experimental group (positive and negative videos) and a control group (no video). The experimental group was exposed to stimuli specifically designed to trigger cognitive and emotional responses. Conversely, the control group was not exposed to any such stimuli. The primary objective of this study is to assess the ability of participants to judge sentences for grammatical correctness. Additionally, participants are tasked with identifying incorrect grammatical structures and pinpointing specific errors. This methodology is rooted in the framework of the control-value theory (CVT). This research aims to contribute to the understanding of how emotional states influence linguistic judgments, which is essential for developing more effective cognitive and educational interventions. By aligning the experimental design with CVT, the researcher hypothesizes that emotional arousal induced by the stimuli may significantly impact the accuracy of grammatical judgment among the participants in the experimental group compared to those in the control group. This study’s implications extend beyond theoretical advancements in cognitive psychology, suggesting practical applications in educational settings and curriculum development focused on enhancing linguistic competencies.
Mapping Modern Islamophobia: A Contextualizing BJP’s Hindutva Ideology and Muslim (Mis) Representation in Indian Media
Authors: Asad Latif Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The vast variety of linguistic, social, political, and economic disparities that the people of India are subject to is reflected in the country’s complex and diversified media landscape. The propagation of false information and divisive stories about Muslims in online media is a contemporary example of an Islamophobic tendency in Indian media, which has fueled social, religious, and political division and repeated acts of violence against Muslims. It appears that a particular mindset has emerged and that Islamophobia is dominating the entire nation. Analyzing modern Indian society reveals that severe Islamophobia permeates every aspect of the society. In recent times, the spread of Islamophobic content in the media, especially social media, has become a serious danger to the social cohesion of India. This content is frequently promoted by political figures and their allies to push xenophobic political agendas. This chapter will look at instances of Islamophobia, the government’s position on the subject, and the purposeful and well-planned spread of factually incorrect narratives. It will also look at the Islamophobic media coverage in India.
Amyloodiniosis in Semi-Intensive Aquaculture
Authors: Soares Florbela , Moreira Márcio , Sousa Rui , Lourenço Marques Cátia
Published: January 2025

Fish ectoparasites are one of the pathogen groups that are greatly concerned with the aquaculture industry. The dinoflagellate Amyloodinium ocellatum is responsible for amyloodiniosis, a parasitological disease with a strong economic impact in temperate and warm water aquaculture, mainly in earthen pond semi-intensive systems. Amyloodiniosis represents one of the most important bottlenecks for aquaculture, and with the predictable expansion of the area of influence of this parasite to higher latitudes due to global warming, it might also be a threat to other aquaculture species that are not yet parasitized by A. ocellatum. This book chapter aims to better understand the dynamics of amyloodiniosis in semi-intensive aquaculture production systems regarding the life cycle characterization, identification, diagnosis, parasite-host interactions, host physiological responses, prevention, and treatments.
Trends in Acute Appendicitis in Children
Authors: K.R. Shanbhogue Lokadolalu , Sayed Ahmad Hesham
Published: January 2025

Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency in children, diagnosis can be challenging, especially in younger children. Physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging are used to confirm the condition. Treatment usually involves an appendectomy, but delayed diagnosis can lead to complications such as perforation or abscess formation. Nonoperative management has increased in recent years, it is safe, but appropriate selection of patients is important. Most cases of appendectomy are now performed laparoscopically. In delayed cases, complications can be high.
Pioneering Methanogens: The Architects of Modern Eco-Friendly Renewable Energy Solutions
Authors: Junaid Ahmad Tariq Muhammad , Javed Jasia , Habiba Ume , Meer Sameen
Published: January 2025

Methanogens present a class of Archaea which are crucial for the production of biogas. The process involved in this type of energy production is the anaerobic digestion process which is a key component in contributing to the conversion of waste materials to useful energy materials, and it contributes to environmentally friendly renewable energy solutions. This chapter discusses the biological aspect, metabolic reactions, and pathways involved in converting organic waste into methane with the help of methanogens. Additionally, the role of methanogens as contributors toward sustainable alternative energy solutions and upgradation by various biotechnological, genetic engineering, and co-digestion approaches will be discussed. This helps to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and to solve the problems related to climate and environmental changes. This chapter will also discuss the environmental impact of methanogen-based approaches for biogas production, utilization of waste resources, and waste treatment to contribute to green energy production. The contribution toward the growing importance and significance of renewable energy solutions will also be discussed, addressing technical challenges and possibly discussing the future potential of these organisms.
Unleashing the Potential of Portuguese Agroforestry Biomass: Extraction, Characterization, and Valorization of Biomolecules
Authors: Medronho Bruno , Duarte Hugo , Mansinhos Inês , Brás João , Amorim Ana , dos Anjos Isabela , José Aliaño-González Maria , Rodríguez-Solana Raquel , Alves Luís , Magalhães Solange , Fernandes Catarina , Gonçalves Sandra , Romano Anabela
Published: January 2025

In this chapter, we explore the vast potential of Portuguese agroforestry biomass as a sustainable source of valuable biomolecules. Focusing on the extraction, characterization, and valorization of compounds, such as polysaccharides, phenolics, and essential oils from native species like carob, cork oak, aromatic plants or maritime pine, we highlight their applications in food, pharmaceutical, and innovative bio-based materials. Emphasis is placed on eco-friendly extraction techniques and innovative functionalization methods to enhance the physicochemical properties of different biomolecules, thus expanding their applicability and potential commercial relevance. By highlighting the unexploited diversity of Portuguese agroforestry biomass, we can pave the way for an innovative and, sustainable platform that not only drive economic growth but also preserve biodiversity, reduce waste, and ensure a greener and more prosperous future.
Statistical Regularities in the Musical Work of Marin Marais, Pièces de Viole Des Cinq Livres
Authors: Lugo Igor , G. Alatriste-Contreras Martha
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the spectrum of audio signals related to the work of “Pièces de viole des Cinq Livres” based on the music of Marin Marais, performed by Jordi Savall. In particular, we aim to identify the statistical regularity underlying this musical work. Based on the complex systems approach, we compute the spectrum of audio signals and analyze and identify their best-fit statistical distributions. Findings suggest that the collection of frequency components related to the spectrum of each of the audiobooks shows highly skewed and associated statistical distributions, in particular the presence of the exponential statistical distribution.
Expressions of ‘Liminality’ among Post-Covid-19 Visitors to Lourdes
Authors: Vassallo Mario , Sciriha Lydia
Published: January 2025

This study examines the extent of the applicability of Victor Turner’s ‘communitas’ to ‘liminality’, as experienced by pilgrims to Lourdes, a holy shrine for Christians, especially for Catholics. The study is based on empirical research conducted in multiple languages on location at the time when the Covid-19 restrictions were being lifted. A socio-linguistic approach is used to establish the value scales used by the pilgrims, using a validated instrument, the Hall-Tonna Values Inventory. The findings point out that liminal transformations need not always be part of communal experiences, even if they are superficially perceived to be taking part in the public sphere. The findings contribute to a further analysis of religion in modern society as perceived by Thomas Luckmann in his classic work Invisible Religion.
Breaking the Silence of Sexual Harassment and Assault among Trail and Ultrarunners through Cycles of Inquiry
Authors: Teranishi Martinez Christy , Scott Tappan Crista , Martinez Juliane , Baker Harley
Published: January 2025

For many, running offers a balance of mind, body, and spirit, but trail and ultrarunners face a rising threat. Recent news of female runners falling victim to homicide fueled fear and outrage, underscoring the increased risks faced by female athletes in outdoor spaces. In response, a global survey was launched, gathering qualitative and quantitative data from 1,502 runners to better understand objective and subjective accounts of sexual harassment and assault (SHSA) within the trail and ultrarunning communities. Results indicated 61% reported experiencing SHSA, with some recounting between 1,000 and 100,000 incidents while running. Female, transgender, non-binary, and gender-neutral runners reported the highest rates of SHSA, contributing to feeling unsafe and a need to alter their running behaviors. In this chapter, we will explore how action research and the cycle of inquiry approach provide a deeper understanding of the diverse meanings of SHSA and empower runners to take action for creating safer and more inclusive trail running environments.
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Developing Countries
Authors: Jaramillo Francisco , Toro-Pedroza Alejandro , Caraballo Pedro , Mondragón Álvaro , Mosquera Mildrey
Published: January 2025

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is crucial for treating high-risk acute leukemias in developing countries but is costly and complex. Our cost-effective protocol achieves promising results, with 12-month disease-free survival rates of 52% for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 65% for acute myeloid leukemia, close to those reported by JACIE-accredited units. Despite the lower transplant rates and limited access compared to developed nations, advancements in donor selection, monitoring, and infection prophylaxis have improved outcomes. Continued research and cost-effective strategies are essential to enhance accessibility and success rates in emerging economies.
Portable Bioelectronic System for Real-Time Motion Tracking in Virtual Reality: Integrating Movella Sensors with Vizard for Neurorehabilitation and Sports Applications
Authors: Kim Wangdo
Published: January 2025

This study presents a portable bioelectronic system designed for real-time motion tracking in virtual reality (VR) environments, with a focus on applications in neurorehabilitation and sports performance analysis. By integrating Movella wearable sensors with the Vizard VR platform, the system offers a cost-effective and flexible solution for capturing and analyzing human motion. Leveraging Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), it connects multiple Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) to a computer, enabling precise kinematic computations essential for therapeutic exercises, biomechanical research, and performance optimization in sports. The integration of Python scripting within Vizard allows for the development of interactive three-dimensional (3D) content and VR applications that dynamically respond to live motion data. In addition, the system incorporates Laban’s A Scale from Laban Movement Analysis (LMA) to guide upper arm movement training, enhancing user engagement and rehabilitation outcomes. Validation through experiments using soft exoskeletons demonstrated high accuracy and reliability, making this system a robust tool for telemedicine, healthcare, and sports applications. The open-source availability of our code supports further innovation in wearable bioelectronic device technology and personalized therapy.
Post-Herniorrhaphy Pain: A Frequent Complication in a Common Procedure
Authors: Berksun Tutan Mehmet
Published: January 2025

Post-herniorrhaphy pain (PHP) is a prevalent and challenging complication following inguinal hernia repair, characterized by persistent pain lasting beyond 3 months. While most postoperative pain resolves within 6 to 8 weeks, PHP persists in a significant subset of patients, severely impacting their quality of life. This pain is primarily neuropathic, often resulting from intraoperative nerve injuries or secondary inflammatory processes, with key contributors including the ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric, genitofemoral, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves. Additionally, mesh-related complications, such as nerve entrapment or chronic inflammation, play a critical role. Central sensitization further exacerbates PHP by amplifying pain signals, leading to heightened pain sensitivity and chronicity. Risk factors include younger age, preoperative pain, and severe acute postoperative pain. Diagnosis requires a detailed clinical evaluation and usually involves imaging or diagnostic nerve blocks. Management strategies range from pharmacologic therapies and nerve blocks to surgical interventions, including neurectomy and mesh revision. Preventive measures, such as meticulous nerve identification, optimal mesh selection, and effective perioperative pain management, are essential to reduce PHP incidence. As surgical techniques and technologies advance, a multidisciplinary approach to PHP can improve outcomes and enhance patient quality of life.
Tsunami Inundation and Evacuation Mapping for Jask Port, Iran: Advancing the Tsunami Ready Program
Authors: Rashidi Amin , Mokhtari Mohammad , Masoodi Mehdi
Published: January 2025

This chapter presents a study on high-resolution tsunami inundation and evacuation mapping for the Jask port in Iran, focusing on a potential tsunami scenario generated by the Makran megathrust in the Gulf of Oman. Using a recent numerical model and high-resolution topographic data, the study aims to provide detailed information on the potential extent of tsunami inundation and evacuation routes in the Jask port area. Through the analysis of various tsunami scenarios, valuable insights are offered for disaster preparedness and mitigation efforts, emphasizing the implementation of the Tsunami Ready Program to enhance community resilience. The inundation map for Jask port reveals the extensive reach of tsunami waves, with inundation distances up to 2 km and run-up heights reaching 6 m. This underscores the critical importance of detailed site-specific data and the consideration of factors such as coastal structures and vegetation in tsunami hazard assessments. The study highlights the potential impact on critical infrastructure, including schools, hospitals, main roads, and airports, demonstrating the need for comprehensive evacuation and mitigation plans supported by the Tsunami Ready Program. The findings of this study are essential for decision-makers and emergency planners, providing actionable guidance for developing effective evacuation strategies and strengthening tsunami preparedness through initiatives such as the Tsunami Ready Program, which plays a vital role in reducing the impact of tsunamis on the Jask port and surrounding communities.
Profile of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and HIV Co-Infection between 2018 and 2020 in the Damakania Tuberculosis Diagnostic and Treatment Centre, Republic of Guinea
Authors: Kolamou Roger , Sidy Sily Bah Boubacar , Kalivogui Siba , Moumini Diallo Boubacar , Arsida Barry Alpha
Published: January 2025

The human immunodeficiency virus very often paves the way for tuberculosis. These two diseases form an association. The aim of this study was to carry out a retrospective study for the period 2018–2020 in order to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in Kindia prefecture. A total of 2701 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were identified, including 69 cases of co-infection and 244 people living with human immunodeficiency virus respectively of 2.55% and 9.03%. Of the 2701 suspected cases, 714 (26.43%) had positive pulmonary tuberculosis microscopy. All were diagnosed simultaneously through bacilloscopy (tuberculosis) and immunochromatography (human immunodeficiency virus). Patients ranged in age from 15 to 85. However, the age group with the most co-infected patients and those living with the human immunodeficiency virus alone was in the 25–34 age group, of 1.07 and 3.18%, respectively. Females were more likely to be co-infected (1.37%) than males (1.18%), while among people living with the human immunodeficiency virus, 4.92% of females and 4.10% of males were co-infected.
Health Implications, Toxicity, and Safety Assessment of Functional Food Additives
Authors: Mirza Nosheen , Mubarak Hussani , Haider Sharjeel , Farrukh Samavia , Ullah Khan Qudrat , Yasin Sanaullah , Husain Arif , Abdul Qayyum Muhammad , Imran Lodhi Muhammad , Muhammad Ismail Qazi , Anwar Shah Muhammad , Noor Tayyaba
Published: January 2025

The expansion of food technology facilitated the widespread integration of additives into the food supply, driven by factors, such as convenience, urbanization, and increased disposable incomes. Regulated by authorities like the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), these additives are vital for maintaining the quality of large-scale food production but harbor health risks when consumed excessively. Common food additives, such as flavor enhancers, preservatives, antioxidants, coloring agents, and emulsifiers, constitute integral components of the food industry. The comprehensive toxicity assessment and safety assessment framework employ diverse methodologies from in silico modeling to validation and hazard identification to decision-making, respectively. Ongoing research aims to address uncertainties and contribute to informed regulatory decisions for consumer safety, given the potential health issues associated with excessive additive consumption. Transparent labeling, vital for consumer empowerment, is a complex numerical coding system, hence, it is to be revised as clear and informative. Despite regulatory measures, continuous research explores health implications. A study examining the consumption patterns of about 106 K individuals has highlighted the widespread use of antioxidants and emulsifiers—indicating pervasive consumption and potential health risks. The envisioned future entails a shift toward sustainable alternatives and personalized nutrition, necessitating a strategic approach, careful consideration of health implications, and collaborative efforts for transparent communication and informed decision-making.
Antibody, DNA, and Enzyme-Based Biosensing Platforms as an On-Site Testing Kit
Authors: Tankus Mustafa , Olceroglu Bilge , Balci Gamze , Aslantas Nagihan , Kakac Seda , Eroglu Sevval , Kati Ahmet
Published: January 2025

This comprehensive overview explores antibody-based and enzyme-based biosensors, alongside portable biosensors for point-of-care testing and biosensors in food safety. Antibody-based biosensors focus on the crucial role of antibodies, discussing types, design considerations, and applications. Enzyme-based biosensors highlight enzyme specificity, immobilization techniques, and classifications based on transduction types. The abstract also delves into portable biosensors, emphasizing ASSURED principles and applications in disease detection. In food safety, biosensors prove valuable in detecting various contaminants. The overview concludes by highlighting biosensors’ contributions to environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis, and biomedical applications, offering real-time, on-site, and cost-effective solutions to contemporary challenges. These studies are crucial across diverse applications, offering rapid and precise analysis in fields from medical diagnostics to environmental monitoring. Antibody-based and enzyme-based biosensors play a critical role in accelerating diagnostic processes, enabling early disease detection, and contributing to environmental safety by on-site monitoring of pollutants. In food safety, biosensors prove indispensable, ensuring the detection of contaminants and monitoring various stages of processing. The user-friendly nature of portable biosensors enhances their value in resource-limited settings. Overall, these biosensors are indispensable tools in addressing contemporary challenges across healthcare, environmental protection, and food safety.
Bacterial–Viral Coinfections in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Frank Ssedyabane
Published: January 2025

Cervical cancer is a common malignancy among women, especially in the developing world. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the necessary cause of cervical cancer, though a big proportion of women who get the infection recover without developing cervical lesions. There are certain bacterial that have been shown to be associated with development of premalignant cervical lesions and their progression to invasive cancer. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Treponema pallidum are considered potential cofactors to HPV infection and persistence; hence development of cervical cancer. The association between these coinfections and cervical lesions is thought to be based on their shared routes of transmission and the need for a breach in the continuity of the epithelium.
Social Constructs of the Living Environment through Nature Sports Practice’s Locations and Attitude of Public Authorities towards Peri-Urban Natures
Authors: Féménias Damien , Evrard Barbara , Sirost Olivier
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to understand how the living environment is both constructed through nature sports practice’s locations and attitude of public authorities towards peri-urban natures. The scale’s observation is the Seine’s estuary (1.5 million inhabitants), considered both as an ecosystem and as a system of cities. Results show that the logics of use refers to contrasting social roots, marks ecological inequalities and generates strong territorial appropriations and several typical experiences (secretly deviant, protester, submitted, established). Playgrounds or spots, far from always being consensual, are sometimes tolerated, sometimes obtained with great struggle, when they are not purely and simply poached. These experiences are social constructs as territorial mediations and can be explained by the relationships they maintain with the continuous process of development of the Seine estuary. Territories and the mediations they organize are both and just as much the product of uses as of public development policies. It is therefore necessary to examine both the points of view of the inhabitants and those of the technical or political personnel who represent and lead them. The synthetic re-presentation and discussion of results in the two stages of the discussion are formalized by two typologies that re-inscribe nature sports leisure in the territorial dynamics that shape them and that they structure in return.
Marstacimab (Hympavzi) for Hemophilia A and B
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: January 2025

Marstacimab-hncq (Hympavzi – Pfizer), a tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) antagonist, has been approved by the FDA for routine prophylaxis to prevent or reduce the frequency of bleeding episodes in patients ≥12 years old who have hemophilia A without factor VIII inhibitors or hemophilia B without factor IX inhibitors. It is the first hemophilia treatment to be approved in the US that targets an inhibitor of coagulation and the first to become available in prefilled pens and syringes for subcutaneous administration.
In Brief: Femlyv – An Orally Disintegrating Hormonal Contraceptive
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: January 2025

Femlyv (Millicent), an orally disintegrating tablet containing ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone acetate, has been approved by the FDA for prevention of pregnancy in females with a body mass index (BMI) ≤35 kg/m2. It is the first hormonal contraceptive to become available in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation. Traditional oral and chewable tablets containing ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone acetate in a wide range of doses, including those found in Femlyv, have been available in the US for years.
Drugs for Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: January 2025

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has two major forms: dry or non-neovascular (~90% of patients) and wet or neovascular (~10% of patients).
Investigating Factors Affecting Students’ Attitudes and Readiness Towards Collaborative Online Learning Environments in Physics
Authors: Asyhari Ardian , Komikesari Happy
Published: January 2025

education, yet many students face challenges in adapting to its demands. This study explores factors influencing students’ readiness for collaborative online learning, focusing on prior knowledge, motivation, technological proficiency, and learning preferences. A mixed-methods approach was used to collect quantitative data from 45 students, which were analyzed using SEM-PLS, along with qualitative insights from focus group discussions. Results identified prior knowledge as the strongest predictor of readiness (β = 0.670, p = 0.001), enhancing cognitive engagement and motivation. Motivation influenced learning preferences (β = 0.482, p = 0.009) but did not directly impact readiness. Technological proficiency moderately predicted readiness (β = 0.353, p = 0.057), while learning preferences were nonsignificant (β = 0.218, p = 0.421). Qualitative findings emphasized the role of peer collaboration, intrinsic motivation, and digital skill disparities. The study highlights the need for scaffolding prior knowledge, fostering motivation through structured tasks, improving digital skills, and offering strategies for creating inclusive and effective collaborative online learning environments.
Village Government Strategy in Strengthening Religious Tolerance in the Community in Hoelea I snd Hoelea II Villages
Authors: Abdullah Ramadhan , Haris Abdul , Yazid Syamsurizal
Published: January 2025

This study aims to understand the village government's strategy in strengthening tolerance values ​​in the community in Hoelea I and Hoelea II Villages. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. The research subjects consisted of village heads, community leaders, religious leaders, and villagers randomly. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validity testing was carried out by triangulating sources and techniques, while data analysis was carried out using Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that the village government's strategy in strengthening religious tolerance in the Hoelea I and Hoelea II village communities is carried out by fostering religious attitudes, instilling values ​​of mutual respect and respect, harmonious communication, cooperation and religious freedom and implementing the principles of tolerance education. This study underlines the importance of collective commitment from village government authorities, religious leaders and community members to foster mutual respect and maintain peaceful coexistence.
Subquantum Principles of Life and Consciousness
Authors: Klein Adrian , Boyd Robert Neil
Published: January 2025

Our present contribution to the consciousness-related dialogue currently running in the „Waking Times” periodical has been triggered by Brandon West’s thrilling, recently published paper (Jan. 9, 2015), „The Nature of Mind and the Holographic Brain”.
We strongly support his conclusions. We extend these foundational understandings into a vastly more comprehensive and novel approach, regarding the inner workings of what is actually Sentient Reality. The subquantum approach to Consciousness has been developed by the authors of this paper through a decade of research-team efforts, experiments and observations. The resulting subquantum-based peer-reviewed works are all rooted in empirical, reproducibly observable, actual facts (rather than unsupported assumptions, beliefs, or speculative fantasies, or imaginings, or theories).