bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subsurface mesoscale eddies in the east of the Philippines: three-dimensional biogeochemical structures and transports
Authors: Ding Ya-nan , Xu Anqi , Shi Suixiang , Liu Kexiu , Gao Zhigang , Wu Xinrong , Nan Feng , Yu Fei
Published: November 2024

Subsurface eddies (SSEs) are a particular type of oceanic eddy that is a common feature in the ocean. The biogeochemical properties of the SSEs differ from those of surface eddies (SEs) and surrounding water, due to their unique physical processes. The biogeochemical property of SSEs in the east of the Philippines were investigated using numerical simulations, including their statistical characteristics, three-dimensional biogeochemical structures and transports, as well as contribution to changes in biogeochemical variables. A total of 501 subsurface anticyclonic eddies (SSAE) and 345 subsurface cyclonic eddies (SSCE) were identified during 2019–2022. Compared with the SEs, the temperature, nitrate (NO3) and dissolved oxygen (DO) anomalies of the SSEs east of the Philippines have two significant anomalous cores of opposite phase: at 200–400 m and 600–800 m, respectively, with the location of the largest meridional velocity (~400 m) being the boundary between positive and negative anomalies. SSEs also play an essential role in influencing chlorophyll (CHL) distribution, with SSAE (SSCE) causing an increase (decrease) in CHL at the euphotic zone (~110 m). In addition, the SSEs-induced NO3, DO and CHL transport and their contributions to the changes in biogeochemical variables were also illustrated for the first time. In more than half of the investigated region, there was a net westward transport of DO and a predominant eastward transport of NO3, primarily attributed to SSAE. Regarding CHL transport in the euphotic zone, SSAE is the primary contributor, with a notable westward CHL transport observed in the study area, and mainly a northward transport occurring north of 12°N. In particular, the NO3 concentration in the euphotic zone was considerably increased by SSAE (up to 12.6%) under average conditions, contributing to primary productivity, which can be critical for biological processes.
High-accuracy shallow-water bathymetric method including reliability evaluation based on Sentinel-2 time-series images and ICESat-2 data
Authors: Le Yuan , Sun Xiaoyu , Chen Yifu , Zhang Dongfang , Wu Lin , Liu Hai , Hu Mengzhi
Published: November 2024

Shallow-water bathymetric maps provide vital geographic information for various coastal and marine applications such as environmental management, engineering construction, oil and gas resource exploration, and ocean fisheries. Recently, satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) has emerged as an alternative approach to shallow-water bathymetry, particularly in hard-to-reach areas. In this research, an innovative approach to bathymetry was introduced. This method provides a reliable approach for generating high-accuracy and high-reliability shallow water bathymetry results. By using Sentinel-2 time series imagery combined with ICESat-2 data, four bathymetry results at different time points are produced based on four traditional bathymetry methods. For the results at each location, a statistical method is applied to evaluate the bathymetry results, remove erroneous data, and generate high-confidence bathymetry results. The validation results indicated that the accuracy of the proposed bathymetric method achieved an R² range of 0.96 to 0.99 and an RMSE between 0.42 and 1.18 meters. When contrasted with traditional methods that utilize a single temporal image, a notable enhancement in bathymetric accuracy was observed.
Plastic is in the details: the impact of plastic pollution through a mesocosm experiment
Authors: Goulais Maeva , Darinot-Thomas Sophie , Mitta Guillaume , Galgani François , Saulnier Denis , Benestan Laura
Published: November 2024

Microbial diversity plays key role in marine ecosystems, and quantifying the impact of plastic pollution on these organisms is essential to better anticipate and manage threats to these fragile ecosystems. In nine simplified tropical ecosystems (i.e. mesocosms), we tested a concentration gradient of macroplastics reflecting the amount of plastic released by pearl farms. In each mesocosm, we collected bacterial samples from three different compartments: macroplastics, water and animals, Tridacna maxima. The objective was to test how plastic concentration influences the bacterial community, whether certain bacteria respond similarly across these compartments, and to define a threshold concentration of plastic that would impact marine bacteria. We observed that over 70 % of the variability in the bacterial community was explained by the type of sample (51.8 %) and time (19.4 %). On a finer scale, we found that the abundance of 33 bacterial genera was significantly correlated with plastic pollution, with the highest concentration (4.05 g/L) accounting for the vast majority of the signal. The occurrence of these bacterial genera increased with high plastic concentrations, suggesting imbalanced competitive relationships favoring less pollutant-sensitive genera. Some of these bacteria were shared across compartments and have known ecological functions, including plastic degradation and pathogenicity. Our results align with prior studies that warn plastics can alter microbial interactions and promote the emergence of pathogenic families.
Construction and implement of hierarchical management system for specialist nurses based on Patricia Benner’s theory
Authors: Yu Haiyan , Chen Yuan , Wu Linjing , Wang Ligang , Lai Yuting , You Aijun
Published: November 2024

Objective

To construct a hierarchical management system for specialist nurses based on Patricia Benner’s theory, and evaluate its implement effect, so as to provide reference for the hierarchical management of specialist nurses.

Methods

Literature retrieval, semi-structured interview and Delphi method were conducted for initially formulation of the draft of hierarchical management system for specialist nurses. Forty-three specialist nurses and 14 nursing managers were selected for the study, using a non-randomized controlled experimental study design, and at the end of the study, the job satisfaction, job engagement, job exuberance, advice behaviors and nursing managers’ overall job satisfaction of specialist nurses were compared before and after the hierarchical management.

Results

This study constructed a hierarchical management system for specialist nurses. The differences in specialist nurses’ job satisfaction, job engagement, job exuberance and constructive behaviors before and after hierarchical management were statistically significant (p < 0.05), and the differences in the nursing managers’ assessment of specialist nurses’ overall job satisfaction were statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The hierarchical management system of specialist nurses based on Patricia Benner’s theory improves the quality of hierarchical management of specialist nurses, which could improve the job satisfaction of specialist nurses. The system could provide guidance and reference for hierarchical management system of specialist nurses.
Cost-effective track and trace technology for poor-quality chemotherapeutic pharmaceuticals in resource-limited countries: a review of the Chemotherapeutic Paper Analytical Device
Authors: Worku Minichil Chanie , Limenh Liknew Workie , Mekonnen Biset Asrade , Anagaw Yeniewa Kerie
Published: November 2024

Poor-quality medicines (substandard or counterfeit) can lead to treatment failure. There is a vast global imbalance in cancer treatment outcomes due to the difficulty of accessing quality chemotherapeutic products. Early diagnosis of cancer brings more hope for curative treatment of cancer and increases the demand for chemotherapeutic products. Consequently, it creates opportunities for unethical manufacturers and suppliers to develop substandard and/or counterfeit products. An ongoing review of cost-effective analytical methods is therefore paramount to tracking and tracing poor chemotherapeutic pharmaceutical products. Low- and middle-income country (LMIC) regulators lack safety equipment and standard operating procedures to handle chemotherapeutic products safely in the drug analysis laboratory and have limited capacity to perform post-marketing surveillance on these products. This review aimed to provide a compressive review of the Chemotherapeutic Paper Analytical Device (ChemoPAD). ChemoPAD is an important tool for quality screening of commonly used chemotherapeutic products in LMIC settings. It is an efficient, fast, simple, accessible, cost-effective, and transferable analytical method for verifying substandard and/or counterfeit chemotherapeutic products. Designed as a complete paper-based laboratory the size of a playing card, the ChemoPAD provides a promising solution for healthcare providers, patients, and other parties involved in post-marketing surveillance of chemotherapeutic products. Thus, in the near future, scientists could probably witness the use of the ChemoPAD technology platform to trace and track substandard and/or counterfeit chemotherapeutic products.
Survey of probable synergism between melittin and ciprofloxacin, rifampicin, and chloramphenicol against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Sedaghati Mahsa , Akbari Reza , Lotfollahi Hagghi Lida , Yousefi Saber , Mesbahi Tahere , Delfi Mahdieh
Published: November 2024

Background

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and also biofilm-associated infections is a great health concern due to the failure of available antibiotics. This has alerted scientists to developing alternative antibiotics. Melittin as an antimicrobial peptide has antibacterial synergistic activity in combining with conventional antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the synergistic effect of melittin in combination with Ciprofloxacin, Rifampicin, and Chloramphenicol against MDR strains of P. aeruginosa.

Materials and methods

Fifty strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated from clinical specimens. The antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was evaluated by the disk diffusion method. The MIC and MBC of melittin and melittin-antibiotics combination against isolated strains were examined by microdilution method. The probable synergism between melittin and antibiotics was assayed using the FIC protocol. Time-killing kinetics and anti-biofilm effects of melittin and melittin-antibiotics combination were evaluated using time-kill kinetics and crystal violet staining method, respectively. The toxicity of the melittin-antibiotics combination on the HEK293 cell line was also assessed by the MTT assay method.

Results

Out of 50 isolates of P. aeruginosa, 15 strains are considered to be multidrug strains. Among MDR strains of P. aeruginosa, 42.85% were resistant to cefepime and ceftazidime and all urine-originate isolates were resistant to cotrimoxazole. A combination of MIC dose of ciprofloxacin and melittin decreased resistance against ciprofloxacin up to 33%. The ciprofloxacin-melittin combination showed a favorable synergism and anti-biofilm effect and was also 30.3% less toxic than melittin alone at 4 μg/ml against the HEK293 cell line. In contrast to ciprofloxacin, with the melittin-rifampicin and melittin-chloramphenicol combinations, an addition effect occurred, respectively, in 86.66 and 53.33% of MDR strains of P. aeruginosa.

Conclusion

Combining melittin’s antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties with traditional antibiotics may offer a novel strategy to address antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa. The simultaneous administration of melittin and ciprofloxacin in a single dose has shown a marked increase in antibacterial effectiveness while minimizing toxicity to the HEK293 cell line. It is advisable to conduct additional research to explore the combined antibacterial effects of melittin and ciprofloxacin in a wider range of clinical samples, animal models, and clinical trial settings.