bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Activity of Silver-Zeolite LTA on Heavily-Contaminated Underground Ghanaian Waters
Authors: B. Kwakye-Awuah
Published: April 2022

Zeolite LTA was synthesized in the laboratory and loaded with silver ions by isomorphous substitution technique. The silver-loaded zeolite A (Ag-LTA) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD and SEM analysis showed little or no changes in the phase purity of all zeolites before and after ion exchange or before and after substitution of silver ions. The antimicrobial activity of the silver-loaded zeolite A was investigated by exposing well water samples from Vui community in the Volta Region of Ghana. Parameters such pH, conductivity and temperature as well as microbial analysis were measured before and after addition of silver-
Updating Criminal Law in Civilized Law Enforcement and Social Justice
Authors: Senjaya Murshal
Published: April 2022

In essence, criminal law reform is a process of reviewing and reforming (reorienting and reforming) criminal law in accordance with the central principles of Indonesian societies socio-political, socio-philosophical, and socio-cultural values. Law enforcers can realize justice and a civilization that is not weak. This means that the aim of the Indonesian people is justice and a culture that is not passive. It needs straightening and vigorous law enforcement in irregularities because justice must be realized in everyday life.
Why Not Integrate More Trees Into Farming Systems?
Authors: Fleming Aysha , Mendham Daniel
Published: April 2022

Systematic and targeted location of trees on farms in a natural base solution that can help mitigate climate change. This can create an environment that mitigates climate change through capturing carbon and providing renewable feedstock for industrial and domestic fuel needs. To do this there needs to be a conscious effort to target certain species in appropriate locations to help the farms and prevent climate change. Tree planting can have lots of benefits but there needs to be a long-term plan in place. Research has found that planting trees strategically around farms can provide a 30% increase in pasture production. This shows the benefits for farmers to work with a conservation group to plant trees. To help prevent climate change there needs to be more preparation and long-term planning when it comes to planting trees. This can lead to a considerable amount of benefits for the area and help prevent climate change.
Systematic review of interventions that improve provider compliance to imaging guidelines for prostate cancer
Authors: Pettit Samuel M. , Mikhail David , Feuerstein Michael
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Radiographic staging with bone scan or computed tomography is not indicated for men with low-risk prostate cancer. Physician compliance with these imaging recommendations has been widely variable, leading to inappropriate testing and increased costs. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify and learn from interventions associated with improved physician compliance to imaging guidelines for prostate cancer staging.
Methods: This systematic review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed was searched through January 2022 for the following medical subject headings (MeSH) terms: (‘Practice Patterns, Physicians' or ‘Guideline Adherence’ or ‘Unnecessary Procedures’ or ‘Quality Improvement’) and (‘Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging’). Inclusion required discussion of an intervention for physician compliance to prostate cancer imaging guidelines and specific data describing associated outcomes. Publications focused on other malignancies or without this intervention, evaluation, or data, were excluded.
Results: Of 82 papers screened, only five met inclusion criteria — representing 12 802 patients. Each focused on reducing unnecessary imaging and demonstrated statistically significant post-intervention improvement of physician compliance to imaging guidelines for staging prostate cancer. Four were multidimensional, with education, clinical champions, and performance feedback. One used the unidimensional intervention of an electronic medical record (EMR)-based clinical reminder order check (CROC). No studies used randomization or a control group.
Conclusions: Post-intervention improvement in physician compliance to imaging guidelines for staging prostate cancer has been associated with EMR-based CROC and combination interventions using clinical champions, education, and feedback. This has been observed at individual institutions and larger organizations spanning a region or state.
Case – Intra-abdominal metastases following ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion for primary intracranial germ cell tumor
Authors: McAlpine Kristen , Clark Roderick , Jiang Maria , Hansen Aaron , Hemminki Otto , Hamilton Robert J.
Published: April 2022

N/A
A DESVALORIZAÇÃO DO ENSINO DE ARTE NO BRASIL: ORIGENS E ALGUNS ASPECTOS
Authors: RIBEIRO BENITES RITA DE CÁSSIA
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo dialoga através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com os fatos históricos que construíram o ensino de arte no Brasil e busca compreender os principais aspectos que influenciaram posicionamentos e ideais na concepção de arte-educação que conhecemos hoje. O texto discorre principalmente sobre desvalorização que a sociedade possui frente à disciplina entendendo suas origens desde o período colonial e seus desdobramentos a partir disto, atingindo as tendências modernas e reformas recentes. O levantamento dos questionamentos são referidos diante da também experiência profissional da interlocutora. O objetivo é analisar a historicidade do ensino da arte no Brasil desde os primórdios de forma a compreender os problemas que os arte-educadores da educação básica enfrentam  e partir daí refletir sobre perspectivas futuras.
“PROSTRADA AOS REAIS PÉS DE VOSSA MAJESTADE”. ESMOLAS DE D. JOSÉ I, REI DE PORTUGAL, NA PÁSCOA DE 1758
Authors: Drumond Braga Paulo
Published: April 2022

Neste artigo, estudam-se alguns pedidos de esmola dirigidos na Páscoa de 1758 a D. José I, rei de Portugal. Entre as diversas formas que os pobres tinham, na época, de obter auxílio, encontrava-se a solicitação, por escrito, de uma esmola, quer a Misericórdias, quer a outras confrarias, quer a particulares poderosos, nomeadamente membros da família real. Esses pedidos eram frequentemente atendidos positivamente, uma vez que a ajuda aos desvalidos da fortuna integrava o arquétipo do bom cristão da época e, por outro lado, visava, por parte de quem esmolava, alcançar a vida eterna, surgindo a caridade e a assistência como complementos de outras formas de intercessão salvífica, nomeadamente a celebração de missas e a instituição de capelas.
BRASIL E PARAGUAI: O AGRAVAMENTO DAS TENSÕES E O PRELÚDIO DA GUERRA
Authors: Monteiro Alexandre
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo pretende analisar o cenário que antecedeu à Guerra do Paraguai. com isso, adentraremos na questão sobre o agravamento das tensões envolvendo Brasil e Paraguai que desencadeariam a guerra travada entre 1864 e 1870. O objetivo é demonstrar a escalada nas divergências existentes entre ambos os países que foram se transformando em animosidade e desembocaram em uma guerra que destruiria o Paraguai. A metodologia aplicada neste artigo será a revisão bibliográfica sobre o assunto, abordando desde livros atuais e clássicos, bem como dissertações produzidas nos dias atuais. Com isso, pretende-se dissertar sobre a Guerra do Paraguai, abordando duas de suas causas: a questão da navegação dos rios paraguaios e a de limites entre Paraguai e Brasil, que se agravaram a partir de 1840 e principalmente depois da queda de Rosas em Buenos Aires. A estabilidade política alcançada com a ascensão de Dom Pedro II, o fim das rebeliões regenciais (a Revolução Farroupilha termina em 1845) dão ao Brasil condições de passar para uma política de imposição no continente sul-americano. Sobretudo com o fim da era Rosas em Buenos Aires e da possível ameaça que ele representava, o Império brasileiro passa a pressionar o Paraguai para impor suas reivindicações quanto à navegação dos rios internos deste país e quanto a consolidação das fronteiras de acordo com seus entendimentos. Entretanto, conforme sabemos, essa situação acabaria por desencadear a guerra em 1864.
Earnings from Penalty Clauses in Financial Commitments: A Fiqhī Study
Authors: Abozaid Abdulazeem Jalal
Published: April 2022

The penalty clause has become very common in contracts and financial commitments recently, for reasons such as hedging against damages and the desire not to leave the damage assessment to the judiciary. The expanded use of such clauses and compensations has resulted in the possibility of using them to earn more than the actual amount of damage, which raises some Sharīʿah concerns. It is also noticeable in the contemporary fatwas relating to this matter that different rulings have been given for similar issues and that compensation has been expanded. The research deals with these issues using fiqhī analysis based on the objectives of Sharīʿah rules and existing market practices, and employing an inductive and analytical methodology. The most important conclusions it has arrived at are that the principles and objectives of the Sharīʿah do not prohibit the principle of compensation for damage; however, earning profit from a penalty clause is prohibited by the Sharīʿah. If it is difficult to precisely calculate the actual compensation, it is permissible to adopt an estimated amount when there is certainty that the penalty clause is not being used as a means of earning.
التمويل الاجتماعي الإسلامي والتمكين الاقتصادي
Authors: دوابه أشرف محمد
Published: April 2022

يعد التمويل الاجتماعي الإسلامي من أهم الوسائل الفعالة للإسهام في تحقيق التمكين الاقتصادي، بما يملكه من تنوع في أساليبه، سواء أكان تمويلا خيريا أو ربحيا، لاسيما في ظل ما تعانيه المجتمعات العربية والإسلامية من الفقر والبطالة. وفي هذا الإطار تأتي هذه الدراسة للتعرف على مفهوم التمويل الاجتماعي الإسلامي وخصائصه وأهميته، ومفهوم التمكين الاقتصادي، وأهميته والرؤية الإسلامية له ومعوقاته، والإسهام في تحقيقه من خلال أساليب التمويل الاجتماعي الإسلامي، ومن ثم الانتقال بالمطلوب تمكينهم اقتصاديا من الحاجة واعتمادهم على الغير إلى الكفاية واعتمادهم على أنفسهم، والإسهام في عملية التنمية، فضلا عن الإسهام في تحقيق أهداف الشمول المالي. وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي حيث يتفق مع طبيعة موضوع البحث، وكذلك مع هدفه، وتوصلت إلى أنه يمكن تمويل المشروعات المتناهية الصغر والصغيرة من أجل التمكين الاقتصادي من خلال المصارف والمؤسسات المالية الإسلامية، ومؤسسة الزكاة ومؤسسة الوقف، وذلك من خلال التمويل الاجتماعي الإسلامي الخيري (غير الربحي) بالقرض الحسن والزكاة والصدقات والوقف، أو التمويل الاجتماعي الربحي ولكن بربحية متواضعة لضمان استدامة التمويل، من خلال التمويل بالمعاوضات والتمويل بالمشاركات تحقيقا للمسئولية الاجتماعية.
NITROGEN STARVATION INDUCED LIPID ACCUMULATION BY Chlorococcum infusionum (EAU-10) AS POTENTIAL RENEWABLE SOURCE OF LIPID FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
Authors: Arguelles Eldrin De Los Reyes
Published: April 2022

Microalgae are organisms effective of accumulating high quantity of industrially important lipids with promising characteristics as an excellent feedstock for biodiesel production. This study assess the possibility of using a green microalga, Chlorococcum infusionum (EAU-10) for biodiesel production by evaluating the growth characteristic, lipid yield and fatty acid profile of the microalga cultivated at varying concentrations of nitrogen source (0.375 - 1.50 g L-1 NaNO3). High lipid accumulation was observed in nitrogen-starved cultivation condition (0.375 g L-1 NaNO3) after 23 days of growth. Maximum biomass concentration of Chlorococcum infusionum (EAU-10) under nitrogen starved condition is 0.577 ± 0.003 g L−1 with 21.26% oil content per dry weight of algal biomass and lipid productivity of 22.08 mg L−1 day−1. Nitrogen starvation caused an increase in the total oil content and a decrease in biomass production of the microalga. Profiling of fatty acids of the obtained algal biodiesel shows methyl palmitate (C16:0) and methyl nonadecanoate (C19:0) contribute to almost 70% of Chlorococcum infusionum  (EAU-10) fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) profile. Overall, a total of 74.58% of saturated fatty acid (SAFA) methyl ester content is present in the algal lipid, which is exceedingly high in contrast to other similar studies. Analysis of C. infusionum FAME profile in relation to some important fuel properties showed that the algal oil has the potential to produce biodiesel with excellent fuel qualities.
ANALYSIS OF BACTERIAL DIVERSITY IN RAW FISH CEVICHE
Authors: Ramirez Martinez Myriam Elizabeth , Rodriguez Castillejos Guadalupe C. , Hernandez Jimenez Maria C. , Ramirez Quintanilla Laura Y. , Siller Lopez Fernando , Acosta Cruz Erika , Martinez Montoya Humberto
Published: April 2022

Ceviche is a traditional dish made from raw fish meat marinated in lime juice without any heat cooking step throughout its preparation process. Although the use of organic acids as antibacterial agents is well known; recent research indicates that lime juice actually can reduce the risk of V. parahemolyticus infections but it is ineffective against other potential pathogens. Despite the fact that fresh fish meat is safe; exposed organs including skin, gills and guts represent a potential source of bacterial contamination. In Mexico, diarrheal diseases are caused mainly by contaminated food; it is estimated that almost 67% of infections are due the presence of bacterial agents mainly in frozen and fresh fish. The main objective of this study was to estimate the taxonomic diversity of microbial species present in ready-to-eat ceviche using a metagenomic approach. Six samples of commercially available ceviche were subjected to DNA high throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses, we identified between 65,000 and 131,000 reads per sample. The predominant phyla identified through the samples were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. We discuss the factors involved in the microbiological quality of this kind of raw foods and how they influence the bacterial diversity within the analyzed samples.
FEATURES OF MORPHOGENESIS OF Actinidia arguta LEAF TISSUES AT MICROCLONAL PROPAGATION
Authors: Levchyk Nataliia , Skrypchenko N , Dziuba O , Gajdosova A. , Liubinska A , Zaimenko N
Published: April 2022

The methods of microclonal propagation of Actinidia arguta (Siebold et. Zucc.) Planch ex Mix. (cv. ′Oryginalna′ and cv. ′Don-Juan′) plants by leaf tissues morphogenesis has been proposed. Leaves of aseptic actinidia plants from in vitro culture and leaves of plants grown in the garden were used as explants. When introduced into aseptic culture, the optimal period for the isolation of stem explants was the phase of active growth of actinidia shoots, and the medium - ½MS + 2 mg l-1 IBA and 0.5 mg l-1 BAP. The best culture medium for the morphogenesis of shoots from leaf explants of actinidia was a ½MS nutrient medium with the addition of 3.0 mg l-1 of BAP, В1, В6 vitamins and 12 mg l-1 of iron sulfate Fe2(SO4)3х9Н2О. It was set that the frequency of shoot regeneration depends on the cultivar, plant sex, condition of their cultivation and the part of leaf from which the explant was taken. The maximum regeneration efficiency was 83% with the formation of an average of 4–6 shoots and was achieved for leaf explants of actinidia from aseptic culture. Perlite-based substrate was used for the adaptation of the obtained plants and the efficiency of plant adaptation was 65–80%.
WHEY BASED BIOPOLYMERIC COATING AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF FRESH FRUITS (MALPIGHIA EMARGINATA D.C.) FROM SOUTHERN BRAZIL
Authors: Pergentino Dos Santos Stefany , Angioletti Betina Louise , Hoffmann Tuany Gabriela , Gonçalves Marcel Jefferson , Bertoli Sávio Leandro , Hlebová Miroslava , Khayrullin Mars , Gribkova Vera , Shariati Mohammad Ali , Krebs De Souza Carolina
Published: April 2022

Refrigeration and coating of active biopolymers are two potential approaches to extending the shelf life of fresh fruits. Thus, the aim of this study was to test the influence of storage temperature (5 and 10 °C ± 1 °C) and whey concentration (edible coating), on functional, physical-chemical, and microbiological characteristics of acerola stored for 12 days. Edible coatings were produced using whey (30% and 60%) and glycerol. Samples were compared to a control (no coating), during storage at both temperatures. Storage at 10 °C improved the maintenance of the acerola color, while storage at 5 °C increased the stability of vitamin C and decreased microbial growth (p ≤0.05). The application of edible coating reduced the total color variation and degradation (a*) at both temperatures. The concentration of whey influenced significantly (p≤0.05) on the vitamin C content (A10-60), and on the mesophilic (A5-60 and A10-60) and psychrotrophic bacteria (A10-60) counts.
Exploring the Impact of Robotisation on Economic Development
Authors: Mitra Siddhartha , Das Mousumi
Published: April 2022

This paper speculates about the impact of robotisation on the world economy in the next 20 years. It is argued that though robotisation of sectors destroys jobs and thereby unleashes recessionary tendencies, Artificial Intelligence (AI) enables entrepreneurs, managers and workers to make more efficient use of their time and thereby leads to an increase in time available for consumption. We highlight that in any given sector, robotisation spreads because of its greater cost efficiency as compared to conventional production. But this development by itself would lead to a decline in relative prices of products supplied by a sector and through income effects stimulate consumption. Thus, in the wake of robotisation, the recessionary tendencies emerging from the destruction of jobs are pitted against the expansionary tendencies emerging from AI facilitated increase in consumption time and the mentioned fall in relative prices. Therefore, both increased and decreased economic activity are possible but a boom is likely, given increase in demand for time and labour-intensive services. Generation of frictional unemployment with labour shifting from rapidly robotising sectors to others and possible burgeoning inequality would necessitate globally coordinated basic income schemes funded by a global robot tax.
Inaktivált COVID-19-vakcina újabb lehetséges szemészeti mellékhatása
Authors: Vass Attila , Hári-Kovács András , Lovas Péter , Vince Viola , Tóth-Molnár Edit
Published: April 2022

Egy 72 éves férfi esetét ismertetjük, akit bal orbitára terjedő ismeretlen eredetű, antibiotikumterápiára nem reagáló cellulitis miatt vettünk fel klinikánkra. A szemészeti tünetek 9 nappal a második, inaktivált COVID-19-oltás (VeroCell – China National Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd.) beadását követően jelentkeztek, először a szem „vibrálásával”, majd kidülledésével. Kórelőzményből kiemelendő, hogy az első vakcina beadása után két héttel gégeödéma alakult ki a betegnél, amely sürgősségi ellátás keretében intravénás szteroidkezelést igényelt. A fentiek ellenére a második, ugyanolyan vakcina beadását nem tartották kontraindikáltnak. A beteg felvételekor a bal szemen jelentős protrúziót, minden irányban korlátozott szemmozgásokat és kifejezett kötőhártya-chemosist találtunk, ugyanakkor a fül-orr-gégészeti konzílium az orrmelléküreg-eredetű fertőzést kizárta. A korábban megkezdett parenterális antibiotikumterápia hatástalansága miatt a harmadik napon intravénás szteroidterápiát indítottunk, amely után gyors javulást tapasztaltunk, és néhány nappal később a beteget tünetmentesen emittáltuk. A kórelőzményben nem szerepelt COVID-19-fertőzés, és a beteg bennfekvése során többször ismételt antigén gyorsteszt, illetve PCR-teszt sem aktív, sem lezajlott fertőzést nem támasztott alá. Mindezek alapján a leírt szemészeti kórkép nagy valószínűséggel tartható a COVID-19-oltás szövődményének. Tudomásunk szerint eddig a szakirodalom nem írt le orbita cellulitist oltási szövődményként.
Multislice Computed Tomography Angiography Imaging Findings Of Pathologies That May Mimic Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Akyol Seda , Isiksalan Ozbulbul Nilgun
Published: April 2022

Aim: We aimed to detect lesions that can mimic this clinical picture, except embolism, in patients with a preliminary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, and no embolism was detected in multislice computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) examination. Material and Methods: Turkey Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital Radiology Department, in our CT unit; between January 2007 and July 2008, from the emergency service and other clinics; A total of 180 cases, 86 males and 94 females, mean age 55, who were referred to our clinic with the suspicion of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) based on history, physical examination, chest radiography, and laboratory findings, and who underwent pulmonary angiography with multislice computed tomography, were analyzed. Cases found to have pulmonary embolism were excluded from the study. Multislice computed tomography angiography examinations (Lightspeed 16, General Electric Medical Systems, Milwaukee, Wis., USA) were performed in all patients using a 16 detector Computed tomography device. Patients who may be confused with PTE clinically in the mediastinal window; pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and parenchyma window; Pneumonic infiltration-consolidation, mass, emphysema, presence of fibrotic structures were evaluated. Results: CT scans were normal in 18 (12.5%) of 143 patients presented with pulmonary embolism, and no embolism was found. Interstitial fibrosis in 94 cases (65.7%), atelectasis in 53 cases (37.06%), emphysema in 53 cases (37.06%), ice glass in 38 cases (26.5%), pleural effusion in 34 cases (23.7%), consolidation in 22 cases (15.3%), Pericardial effusion was detected in 14 cases (9.7%) and a mass in the lung in 10 cases (7.6%). Conclusion: In patients without pulmonary embolism, the group of diseases that should be considered primarily in the differential diagnosis are Interstitial Lung Disease and Chronic Obstructive Lung diseases. Keywords: Multislice computed tomography angiography, pulmonary embolism, interstitial lung disease
A systematic review of the various treatment options regarding the effectiveness of IVIG for nephropathy due to BK virus
Authors: Nikoeenejad Hasan , Einollahi Behzad , Ebrahimi Mehrdad
Published: April 2022

"Abstract: Introduction: BK virus is an opportunistic infectious disease that causes disease and serious problems when the
immune system is suppressed. One of the treatments used against this virus is intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). We
aimed to review the major relevant articles in case of the efficacy of IVIG and determine its usefulness.
Methods: We searched online databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Wiley, EMBASE, ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis,
ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Google scholar. Two reviewers have independently assessed and extracted the titles
and abstracts. Disagreements were being fixed by discussion. Where resolve was not feasible, a third review author was
discussed.
Results: We screened a total of 6 full texts. Three studies evaluated the effectiveness of IVIG in the Treatment of BK
Infection in Renal Transplant Patients. Also, three studies assessed the various treatment options for Nephropathy due to
the BK virus. Results showed that mean peak BK reduced with IVIG therapy after a one-year follow-up. Also, a high
percentage of patients have functioning grafts after IVIG therapy.
Conclusion: A review of studies shown powerful follow-up and early decrease of immunosuppression leading detection of
BK viremia, with qualitative monitoring, can avoid the progress of clinically notable BK nephropathy. Combination
treatment IVIG is more successful in removing viral load in patients with BKVAN, compared with traditional standard-ofcare therapy.
Keywords: BK virus, nephropathy, treatment"
Demons-Meigs syndrome – Diagnosis and therapeutic conduct
Authors:   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Negoita Ioana A. , Panaite Bogdan P. ,   Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania 3 Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania, Nicodin Mihnea ,   Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Naftanaila-Mali Florin ,   Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Soloman-Năftănăilă-Mali Elena D. ,   Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Niculescu Nicolae ,   Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Ciobani Ioana M. ,   Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Kalamar Andreea ,   St Ioan Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

"Abstract: Demons-Meigs syndrome is a rare benign pathology that can be confused with other benign and malignant pathologies. The clinical picture is marked by an increase in abdominal volume, pelvic-abdominal pain, but it can also be associated with breathing difficulties due to excess ascites fluid and pleurisy. Imaging paraclinical examination easily reveals the three components: ascites, pleurisy, and ovarian mass. Surgical treatment helps to relieve symptoms in a relatively short time. Keywords: Meigs, ovarian tumor, imaging examinations"
Facial skin cancer: our surgical experience
Authors:   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania                                  Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Romania, Alexandru Adrian , Oproiu Ana-Maria ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania                                  Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Romania, Grigore Anamaria ,   Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Romania, Dogaru Ioana ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania                                  Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Romania, Onisai Minodora ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania                                  Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

"Abstract: Skin cancer represents an important part of the plastic surgeon’s practice, and surgical excision followed by reconstruction is the most frequently used procedure. The main objective of this paper is to report and evaluate our experience in the treatment of facial nonmelanoma skin cancer. Method. The study is based on 303 patients who were diagnosed with facial malignant tumors, between 2004 and 2015, in the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest Romania. We statistically analyzed the distribution by age, gender, facial location, the time from onset until the presentation, the type of tumor, the size of the tumor, the margin status, and the recurrence. Results were as follows: median age at 70 years, with an even gender distribution. The most affected areas were the cheek, followed by the nose, forehead, and eyelids. We calculated the dimensions of the tumors between 1.57 mm2 and 1,846 mm2 , with a median value at 235 mm2 , and a mean value at 421.23 mm2 . Patients in whom safe margins were not obtained had a 4.15 times higher relapse rate versus the ones with safe margins at the first intervention, with a high statistical significance – p=0.002 (15% recurrence rate if safe margins were not obtained, versus 4.1% if margins were safe). Conclusion. When discussing tumor excisions, one of the most controversial topics is that of safety edges. Currently, even if there are recommendations, a unified protocol is not formulated, which is why we found it useful to research this topic with extensive medical associations. Keywords: skin cancer, tumor excision, safety edge "
Elastofibroma dorsi: clinical experiences of 19 cases
Authors:   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Antalya Health Application and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey, Yesilcay Hacer , Akdag Sencan ,   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Antalya Health Application and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
Published: April 2022

"Abstract: In this study, symptoms, functions, and outcomes of patients who underwent surgery with the diagnosis of Elastofibroma dorsi between 2007-2019 in our clinic were discussed retrospectively. A total of 19 patients were operated on with the diagnosis of Elastofibroma dorsi in our clinic. The demographic characteristics of patients such as age and gender, symptoms, clinical findings, diagnostic and radiological features, surgical procedures, results of surgical treatments, and postoperative follow-up results were evaluated based on the records. The mean age of patients who underwent surgery was 55.7 and there were 13 females and 6 males. The most common clinical complaint was swelling (61%). Seven of ED were located on the right side, 3 of them were located on the left side and 7 of ED were located bilaterally. The mass in all cases was over 5 cm in diameter, complete surgical excision was done via muscle-sparing technique. All patients were followed up postoperatively and there was no recurrence. ED should be considered in terms of differential diagnosis when middle-aged patients present with a mass in the scapular region and shoulder pain. Total excision is surgically sufficient in symptomatic patients. Keywords: elastofibroma dorsi, shoulder pain, chronic back pain"
Current issues of standardization of spreading marigold flowers
Authors: Saveleva Anna E. , Kurkina Anna V.
Published: April 2022

The spreading marigold (Tagetes patula L.) is a prospective source of flavonoids. The aim of the study is to develop methods of standardization of spreading marigold flowers, consisting in determining the identity of this raw material and the quantitative determination of biologically active compounds. As a result of a comparative chromatographic study, the presence of flavonoids was revealed at the wavelength of 254 and 366 nm before and after the reaction with the alcohol solution of aluminum chloride. The method of determination of patulitrin and patuletin in the spreading marigold flowers (Tagetes patula L.) with the use of high performance liquid chromatography was developed. The content of dominant flavonoid patulitrin in the flowers of T. patula varies from 5.11 0.18% to 5.64 0.17%. The error of single determination of patulitrin in the spreading marigold flowers with confidence probability of 95% is 3.32%.
Humin-containing dosage form: technology, application prospects
Authors: Glubokova Maria N. , Avvakumova Nadezhda P. , Zhdanova Alina V. , Krivopalova Maria A. , Katunina Elena E.
Published: April 2022

This article is devoted to the development of technology and methods for assessing the quality of suppositories containing humic acids of low-mineralized silt sulfide mud. The quality standards of the studied medicinal product were established and its stability during storage was determined. The quantitative determination of humic acids in aqueous solutions was determined by the spectrophotometric method.

When studying the technological indicators of the suppositories, the following indicators were taken into account: description, average weight, melting temperature and time of complete deformation.

The results of visual control showed that the appearance of the suppositories did not change during one year of storage. However, some white plaque and color heterogeneity appeared with the increase of the shelf life up to 1.5 years. The amount of the active substance during the storage of suppositories changed slightly and did not exceed the permissible content standards. The melting point value did not exceed 36 C, and its decrease was not observed. The time of complete deformation of the suppositories did not exceed 15 minutes and was 5-6 minutes during storage. The average weight of suppositories during storage remained stable. The study allows to conclude that the proposed suppositories are stable for 12 months and the preliminary shelf life of suppositories is 1 year.

The conducted chemical and pharmaceutical studies scientifically substantiate the expediency of using medicines with humic acids that demonstrate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This will expand the range of domestic medicines with the given spectrum of therapeutic action.
Effect of Thymus marschallianus extract on lipid peroxidation processes in vivo and in vitro experiments
Authors: Sheremetyeva Anna S. , Durnova Natalya A. , Chernysheva Yulia G.
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Currently, fundamental and experimental data confirming the role of free radicals in physiological and pathological processes have been accumulated. The literature describes conflicting information about the effect of antioxidants on the organism: they are able to protect not only normal cells from the alterative effect of free radicals, but also tumor cells, thereby supporting the survival and growth of the latter. Therefore, the study of the effect of Thymus marchallianus extract on the processes of lipoperoxidation in vivo against the background of the tumor process is relevant.

AIM: To study the effect of Thymus marchallianus extract on the quantity of lipid peroxidation intermediates in the blood plasma of mongrel white rats with liver cancer PC-1 and compare with in vivo antioxidant activity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The object of research was the dried Thymus marchallianus grass. Water and alcohol extracts were used in the experiment. Fifteen male white mongrel rats with a tumor were included in the experiment: the first group was intact, the second group received the water extract of Thymus marchallianus, and the third group received the alcohol extract of Thymus marchallianus. The activity of lipoperoxidation processes was evaluated, the content of intermediate lipid peroxidation intermediates malon dialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides and medium-mass molecules in the blood plasma of experimental rats were estimated by means of conventional spectrophotometric methods. Determination of the antioxidant activity of the infusion and alcohol extraction in the in vitro experiment was carried out by the titrimetric method.

RESULTS: In the control groups and the group of animals that received intraperitoneal water and alcohol extracts of Thymus marchallianus, increase in the intermediate products of lipid peroxidation was not revealed. The amount of malon dialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides and medium-mass molecules in the blood plasma of experimental rats did not differ significantly from the level of similar indicators of intact animals. In the in vitro experiment, water and alcohol extracts from raw Thymus marchallianus showed antioxidant activity.

CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, the experiment was conducted to study the effect of water and water-alcohol extracts of Thymus marchallianus on lipoperoxidation processes in mongrel white rats with alveolar liver cancer PC-1. The activity of formation of intermediate products of lipid peroxidation did not change, since their content in the blood plasma of experimental animals did not differ from the level of similar indicators of intact animals. In vitro the infusion and alcohol extract demonstrated antioxidant activity.
Features of drug utilization for the treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases: retail sector of the pharmaceutical market
Authors: Blinkova Polina R. , Petrukhina Irina K. , Lebedev Petr A. , Ryazanova Tatyana K.
Published: April 2022

The article studies the main features of drug utilization, prescribed for the treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases, in the retail sector of the pharmaceutical market of the Samara region over the period of 2015-2020. It was found that in the retail sale, the ratio of single-component medicines prescribed for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases was 82.6%, the ratio of fixed combinations was 17.4%. Through 2015-2020 the maximum consumption (the number of sold packages) affected ACE inhibitors (24.6%) and -blockers (24.1%), while the ratio of these two groups together accounted for about 50% of sales volume (in packages) of the analyzed nomenclature of medications used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The absolute leaders in terms of the number of sold packages in 2020 turned out to be drugs with international non-proprietary names: bisoprolol, enalapril, indapamide, amlodipine, moxonidine. In the retail sector of pharmacies, in the group of fixed-dose combinations ACE inhibitor + diuretic (34.4%) and Angiotensin II receptor blocker + diuretic (35.0%) appeared to be the most demanded combinations. The fixed combinations ACE inhibitor + calcium channel blocker, angiotensin II receptor blocker + calcium channel blocker and -blocker + diuretic accounted for 4.4%, 6.6% and 15.7% of sales volumes respectively. In the overall sales of the subgroup of fixed-dose combinations of medications used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the share of multicomponent fixed-dose combinations failed to exceed 3%. The demand of the population for these drugs is negligible, it is not more than 1%. The rating indices of the most demanded medications used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease in the retail sector of the pharmaceutical market have been made. Having calculated the average consumption of medications in the treatment of cardiovascular disease in terms of one pharmacy, we have revealed the tendency of changes in consumer preferences when choosing medications.
Acute myocardial infarction in a pregnant woman with congenital thrombophilia
Authors: Rybas Anna V. , Danilova Elena N. , Pavlova Irina B.
Published: April 2022

A clinical case of acute myocardial infarction in a pregnant woman with congenital thrombophilia is presented. Acute myocardial infarction is more likely to develop in the third trimester, in women older than 30 years with classic risk factors: smoking, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus. The risk of acute myocardial infarction in pregnant women increases significantly against the background of thrombophilia. Thrombophilia is a hereditary or acquired predisposition to thrombosis. Acute myocardial infarction is a rare complication of pregnancy and is associated with high mortality. The development of thrombosis in a particular case is based on congenital (hereditary, familial) thrombophilia, which includes polymorphism of genes responsible for various parts of hemostasis plasma, platelet in combination with pregnancy, which implies a state of hypercoagulation.
Antioxidant activity of some promising fatty oils: comparative study in vitro
Authors: Mubinov Artur R. , Avdeeva Elena V. , Kurkin Vladimir A. , Latypova Guzel M. , Farkhutdinov Rafagat R. , Kataev Valerij A. , Ryazanova Tatyana K.
Published: April 2022

This paper presents the results of the comparative study of the in vitro antioxidant activity of fatty oils obtained by cold-pressing (black cumin, argania prickly, olive oil) which are promising for the use in medical practice. An oil solution of alpha-tocopherol acetate was also used as a comparison. Antioxidant activity was determined by registration of chemiluminescence on the device HLM-003 in systems simulating the production of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. The study revealed the ability of most samples of the investigated fatty oils to inhibit the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in model systems in vitro which characterized their antioxidant properties in the comparative aspect with the reference preparation. Samples of black cumin fatty oil showed the greatest antioxidant activity. The optimum fatty oil concentrations for each model system (1 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml) were also selected and the dose-dependent effect on the oil concentration in the system was established.
Quality indicators of hymatomelanic acids preparation as a potential anti-rheumatoid agent
Authors: Avvakumova Nadezhda P. , Katunina Elena E. , Krivopalova Maria A. , Zhdanova Alina V. , Glubokova Maria N. , Kachalkin Maksim N.
Published: April 2022

The article studies the influence of hymatomelanic acids, one of the fractions of humic substances of peloids, on the course of rheumatoid arthritis. This substance was standardized by using physicochemical analysis. The elemental composition of the substance as well as a number of spectral (IR, NMR) characteristics were revealed. The list of components formed as a result of hydrolysis of the initial preparation and their relative content was determined. Fatty acids and their derivatives are the predominant constituents of peloid hymatomelanic acid hydrolyzate. The tissues of immunocompetent organs including regional lymph nodes, spleen, and also rat liver were studied. For the experiment, a model of adjuvant arthritis was selected and four groups of animals were formed. They were withdrawn from the experiment on the 17, 21 and 26 day. The histological picture indicated that when modeling rheumatoid arthritis, such pathological changes in the immunocompetent organs of rats as edema of the parenchyma and stroma, sclerosis, thickening of the walls of blood vessels, develop during the whole period of observation. A list of descriptors of the studied drug was obtained and it was found that the use of peloid himatomelanic acids in the model of adjuvant arthritis had a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, as evidenced by the normalization of the morphofunctional state of the spleen, regional lymph nodes and liver.
Determination of infrared thermogravimetric moisture (loss on drying) for different morphological group of medicinal plant raw materials: development the techniques
Authors: Zhdanov Dmitrii A. , Braslavskii Valerii B. , Kurkin Vladimir A.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the development of new moisture (loss on drying) determination techniques by infrared thermogravimetric method. This method is aimed at 23 pharmacopeial types of air-dry medicinal plant raw materials of 7 morphological groups (roots, bark, leaves, fruits, seeds, herbs, flowers). These techniques can be included into the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. The obtained results allow to develop the project proposals concerning the changes and the supplementation of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation monographs.
Method optimization for obtaining of “Hawthorn fruit tincture”
Authors: Volkova Nadezhda A. , Kurkin Vladimir A. , Pravdivtseva Olga E. , Shaikhutdinov Ilnur Kh. , Pervushkin Sergey V. , Ber Olga V.
Published: April 2022

The fruits of various species of the genus Crataegus L. contain flavonoids and are widely used in domestic and foreign medicine for the production of cardiotonic drugs. Crataegus submollis Sarg. is grown in our country as the edible and ornamental plant, but it is not currently used in medicine. Fruit juice of Crataegus submollis Sarg. exerts diuretic effect and an antidepressant activity. Dried fruit pulp can be used to produce extraction preparations. The aim of the work is to compare and analyze the samples of tinctures obtained from the fruits of the Crataegus submollis Sarg. and the pulp of its fruits. Tinctures based on 70% ethyl alcohol were obtained on the basis of dried fruits of Crataegus submollis Sarg. and the pulp of its fruits. The quality of the obtained tinctures was studied by determining of the total amount of flavonoids. Tinctures made of dried pulp of Crataegus submollis Sarg. fruits are as good as industrial samples of preparations in terms of flavonoid content. The fruits of the Crataegus submollis Sarg. and the pulp of its fruits can serve as medicinal plant raw materials for obtaining tinctures.
Medicines with active pharmaceutical ingredient diosmin: plaining of sample preparation
Authors: Voronin Alexander V. , Karpov Alexander V.
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Most drugs in the form of tablets contain diosmin in the micronized flavonoid fraction. This is the reason for the low level recovery by means of solid-liquid extraction.

AIM: to determine optimal conditions for sample preparation of some drugs with active pharmaceutical ingredient diosmin with the use of mathematical experiment planning (Box-Behnken design).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study subjects were tablets Detralex 1000 mg, Venarus 900 mg, Detravenol 1000 mg, Flebaven 1000 mg, Phlebopha 600 mg, Phlebodia 600 mg. Estimation of diosmin recovery by the method of solid-liquid extraction was made according to the algorithm of full factorial design with three level factors (Box-Behnken design).

RESULTS: The effect of some factors determining the extraction of diosmin from tablets Detralex 1000 mg, Venarus 900 mg, Detravenol 1000 mg, Flebaven 1000 mg, Phlebopha 600 mg, Phlebodia 600 mg was estimated. Mathematical (regression) models of solid-liquid extraction of diosmin for each drug were developed. The most significant factor determining the diosmin recovery from drugs (tablet formulation) is the sodium hydroxide concentration. Other factors (acetonitrile concentration, extraction time, centrifugation time, addition of ammonium sulfate) fail to exert significant effect. The optimal value of sodium hydroxide concentration is 0.02 mol/l. Diosmin recovery doesnt increase after the increase of the sodium hydroxide concentration above 0.02 mol/l.
Fruits of meadowsweet [Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.] and dropwort (Filipendula hexapetala Gilib.): comparative morphogical and anatomical investigation
Authors: Sazanova Ksenia N. , Sharipova Safia Kh.
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Meadowsweet [Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.], is the representative of flora of the European parts of Russia. It is widespread in Samara Region. The flowers of the meadowsweet are the pharmacopoeial type of raw materials, but the fruits of this plant are not used in medicine. The fruits of the meadowsweet and its closely related type of the dropwort are the promising source of biologically active compounds of phenolic and sterol nature. Introduction of new types of medical plant raw materials into official medical practice requires the development of regulatory documentation, including morphological and anatomical diagnostics of types.

AIM: The purpose of this work was to study and compare morphological and anatomical features of the structure of meadowsweet fruits and dropwort.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material of the study was the dry fruits of the meadowsweet and dropwort, collected in June-July 2019 in Samara Region. The research was carried out by means of light microscopy in transmitted and reflected light in a light field.

RESULTS: Morphological and anatomical characteristics of the fruits of two types of meadowsweet were revealed. They hadnt been described in the literature before. So the fruits of the meadowsweet have the following diagnostic features: the stele of the pedicels is of transitional type, lysigenic receptacles located in them are uneven, pubescence of the epidermis occurs due to simple unicellular trichomes; they also have the three-layer structure of the pericarp, a significant quantity of single crystals in the parenchyma of the parmelia, the cone-shaped form of the conducting bundle in the parmelia seam. The fruits of the dropwort are characterised by retort-shaped hairs that make up the thick pubescence of the multiple fruits, peculiar conducting system of the parmelia in the form of one large collateral bundle of the cone-shaped form, located on the side of the seam.

CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results allow to develop the chapter Microscopic signs as a part of the pharmacopoeial monograph devoted to a new perspective medicinal plant raw materials of Fruits of the meadowsweet and Fruits of the dropwort.