bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vergessene Auswanderer
Authors: Biedermann Bettina
Published: September 2018

Today, the debate on migration in Germany focuses on immigration. But a few decades ago, after World War II, a large number of Germans was leaving. USA and Canada were the favoured destinations, but Australia was also popular. In contrast to the former two countries, Australia and Germany in 1952 signed a bilateral treaty on the regulation of German migration to Australia. Consequently, an individual disposition for migration could only be materialised if the two governments permitted it. Australia wanted to industrialise and expand its population, whilst Germany saw migration as a contribution to the solution of the problems with German refugees. Nevertheless, there continued to be strong disagreement: The German government had an interest in the migration of older refugees with limited qualifications, whilst the Australian side wanted young, male and skilled migrants.
Modernisierte Naturbeherrschung
Authors: Wissen Markus
Published: September 2018

Having been a subject mainly of north-south relations, biodiversity now is increasingly discussed in the context of northern agriculture. There is an increasing discursive dominance of the standpoint of molecular biology, materialising itself in research institutions and in the policy of the federal ministry of research. As a consequence the contradictions within industrial agriculture are accentuated: The access to genetic resources is increasingly monopolized, and farmers become more and more dependent on the high-tech products of the seed industry. Thereby traditional methods of conserving and developing biodiversity, which the seed industry has always built on, are devaluated. Furthermore the traditional alliance between agriculture and seed industry becomes fragile. This creates new possibilities for small farmers' associations to change societal relationships with nature in modern agriculture.
„Ich weiß, ich muss noch an mir arbeiten“
Authors: Jähner Uli
Published: September 2018

Over the last years casting shows have become one of the most popular TV-formats. What conditions made this success possible? The music industry, on the one hand, was looking for and, for the time being, found a way out of its notorious crises in sales. The public, on the other hand, is not only pleased to listen to the singers' contest but also to find a testing ground for the rules of a growing neoliberal culture of competition.
Der Aufschwung des Katastrophen-Kapitalismus
Authors: Klein Naomi
Published: September 2018

Fitting to its doctrine of preventiv war, the Bush Administration founded a bureau of reconstruction, designing reconstruction plans for countries which are still not destroyed. Reconstruction after war or after a “natural disaster” developed to a profitable branch of capitalist investment. Also the possibilities to change basic political and economic structures are high and they are widely used by the US-government and institutions like the International Monetary Fund.
Islam, Gewalt und westliche Ängste
Authors: Ruf Werner
Published: September 2018

The disappearance of the Sowjet- Union resulted in the loss of the image of an enemy, precondition for the construction and definition of the otherness of the “We”. The lack of a collective threat was rapidly and systematically replaced by a new image of the enemy: Islam. The old – racist - orientalist characterization of the “genetic” inferiority of Semitic people was re-invented as the “cultural specificity” of “Islam”, which became the new aggressive, irrational threat of Western culture and its “rational modernity”. The invention of the “clash of civilizations” not only became constitutive for the construction of Western identity in the post cold-war world, it is used as well for legitimizing the demolition of the norms of international and humanitarian law. The “war on terrorism”, justified as the struggle against the fanatic and irrational evil, consequently destroys the humanitarian principles on which civilization has been based since the Age of Enlightenment, provoking what it intends to combat: terrorism.
Der AEG-Streik in Nürnberg: fast ein Erfolg
Authors: Artus Ingrid
Published: September 2018

The AEG-strike: nearly a success. The workers of the AEG-factory in Nuremberg striked during 43 days against the delocalisation of the production to Eastern Europe. The strike was supported by an amazing regional, national and international solidarity. In the end, the union agreed to a compromise, obtaining relativly high payments of damages, but consenting in the closure of the plant. The article retraces the development of the conflict, analyses the ‘resources of solidarity’ and tries to evaluate its outcome and the underlying union strategies.
Die Europäische Währungsunion im Treibsand
Authors: Heine Michael , Herr Hansjörg
Published: September 2018

In the European Monetary Union (EMU) development of unit-labour costs and inflation rates differs substantially among regions. This shows that the different wage determination models in the EMU did not converge to create a EMU-wide coherent wage bargaining system. The result are huge regional imbalances. Germany the biggest economy and the country with the lowest increase in unit-labour costs in EMU already realises big and increasing current account surpluses against other EMU countries. Spain, Italy or Portugal suffer from big current account deficits. The financial power of the European centre is too limited to prevent increasing regional problems. What is needed in Europe is a deeper institutional and political integration to combine functional monetary, fiscal, wage and regional policies.
Links und frei
Authors: Ladwig Bernd
Published: September 2018

Es ist ein Glück für einen Autor, wenn einer seiner Beiträge eine Erwiderung findet, die ihn zu neuerlichem Nachdenken und auch zu Klarstellungen anhält. Alex Demirovi ý hat mir dazu Gelegenheit gegeben, wofür ich ihm dankbar bin. Manches, was er schreibt, berührt wunde Punkte meiner Konzeption. Anderes beruht auf Missverständnissen, die der kritisierte Autor sich selbst zuschreiben sollte: Offenbar hat er sich nicht so klar ausgedrückt, dass ein scharfsinniger Leser wie Demiroviý ihn nicht missverstehen konnte. Leider bleibt Demiroviý seinerseits unscharf, wo er eine grundlegende Alternative zu meiner Aufnahme liberalen Gedankengutes andeutet. Er zitiert Marx, wo eigene klärende Erläuterungen nötig gewesen wären. Bei allem Respekt vor dem Altmeister: Dieser war, wenn es um Alternativen zur bürgerlichen Gesellschaftsordnung, ihrem Wirtschaftssystem, ihrem Rechts- und ihrem Demokratieverständnis ging, alles andere als genau. Solche Ungenauigkeiten sollten wir uns, nach so vielen niederschmetternden Erfahrungen mit „marxistischer“ Politik, nicht mehr leisten. Ohnehin geht Demiroviý allzu leichtfertig mit dem Verdacht um, der Marxismus habe sich in den despotischen Systemen, die in seinem Namen errichtet wurden, nicht allein zur Unkenntlichkeit, sondern auch zur Kenntlichkeit verändert (um Ernst Bloch zu paraphrasieren). Dazu jeweils knappe Hinweise.
Von Wasserwerfern und Mikrowellen
Authors: Bauer Reinhold
Published: September 2018

Innovation failure, not success, is the norm. As such, it is of major importance for the understanding of technological change. In this paper four examples for failure will be presented. By snatching these “blots” from oblivion some typical reasons for failure shall be elucidated.
Du bist Unterschicht
Authors: Lessenich Stephan
Published: September 2018

The current debate in German politics about “Underclass” is critically commented: not the social facts, but naming the facts counts as a scandal. People who belong to the underclass are made responsible for their bad situation.
Harmonische „Weltgesellschaft“?
Authors: Ten Brink Tobias
Published: September 2018

The global reach and influence of international political institutions (IPIs) has led to the thesis of a harmonisation in international relations. In the light of recent critical contributions this thesis is questioned. It is argued that the „internationalisation of the state“ in the shape of IPIs can only be properly understood when considered as resulting from the internationalisation of political apparatuses and policies of many individual capitalist states. These materialisations of specific inter-societal balances of power interested in managing the international public sphere and boosting capital accumulation constitute a relatively incoherent and disputed regulatory context.
Die transnationale Regulation des Freihandels
Authors: Wissel Jens
Published: September 2018

The article describes how political regulation works at a transnational level. It argues that here a flexible network of transnational regulation emerges. As an illustration Wissel analyses the WTO and the attempt to organise a Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI) inside, and outside the WTO. The example of the MAI shows how the different actors can use this flexibility to enforce their interests and to obtain the selectivity of this network.
Neoliberale Stadtpolitik im globalen Kontext
Authors: Heeg Susanne , Rosol Marit
Published: September 2018

The paper gives firstly, a summary of the literature on neoliberal urban governance of the past decade - especially on the "entrepreneurial city" - and more recent tendencies like the renewed focus on local communities. In the second part we show some important processes and phenomena of urban development in the global south - from the consequences of structural adjustment programs on the urban up to violence economies, gated communities and social urban movements - without claiming that that would encompass all of them and without the necessary distinction between different countries and localities. Finally, we open the discussion on the implications of these developments for critical urban theory and practice.
Peningkatan Kualitas Dodos dengan Variasi TemperaturAustenisasi dan Media Quenching
Authors: Doloksaribu Martin , Afrilinda Eva
Published: September 2018

AbstrakUntuk meningkatkan umur pakai dodos dapat dilakukan dengan proses austenisasi pada temperatur yang tertentu dan kemudian pendinginan cepat (quenching) dengan media yang sesuai.Dilakukan proses perlakuan panas perlakuan panas dengan variasi temperatur pemanasan yaitu 700, 800 dan 900oC dengan waktu penahanan (holding time) adalah 60 menit dan kemudian di-quenching dengan media larutan garam, air dan oli. Nilai kekerasan tertinggi yaitu 701,1 HV didapat pada temperatur austenisasi 900oC dengan media larutan garam dengan struktur yang terbentuk adalah martensit dan perlit.Kata Kunci : dodos, perlakuan panas, media quenching, kekerasan
Konveksi Paksa Selama Pembekuan Paduan Al- Wt% Cu dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Segregasi
Authors: Virdhian Shinta
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAKMakrosegregasi adalah ketidakseragaman komposisi pada jarak yang dapat dibandingkan dengan ukuran produk,contohnya mm, cm bahkan meter.Ketidakseragaman komposisi ini akan berakibat menurunnya sifat mekanis dari hasil produk direct chill casting pada Aluminium ingot/billet. Pada paduan Al-4%Cu,macrosegregasi dimaksudkan ketidakseragaman komposisi Cu pada ingot/billet. Dalam penelitian ini, pompa screw yang dirancang khusus  untuk memproduksi dan memodifikasi aliran dalam logam cair selama pembekuan paduan Al-4% Cu. Pompa screw digunakan unuk mempoduksi aliran konveksi paksa sejajar atau berlawanandengan konveksi alami dengan cara mengatur arah dan kecepatan putaran. Hasil analisa struktur mikro menunjukkan bentuk butiran yang equiaxed dendriticuntuk semua kasus dalam penelitian ini. Peningkatan intensitas dari konveksi paksa akan menurunkan ukuran butir secara kualitatif, walaupun secara kuantitatif tidakditemukan nilai perbedaan yang signifikan.  Analisa makrosegregasi menunjukkan bahwa konveksi paksa searah dengan konveksi alami menyebabkan segregasi positif (presentase Cu yang lebih besar dari rata-rata) di bagian tengah dari bilet, peningkatan kecepatan lebih lanjut akan menyebabkan variasi komposisi menjadi lebih besardan makrosegragasi akan sulit untuk dikontrol.Konveksi paksa yang berlawanan dengan segregasi akan menekan konveksi alami sehingga dihasilkan variasi komposisi yang lebih kecil.       Kata kunci: proses direct chill casting, makrosegregasi, konveksi paksa
PEMODELAN 3D INTAKE MANIFOLD BERBASIS FITUR
Authors: Wiranegara Haruman
Published: September 2018

Salah satu upaya untuk untuk menemukan kembali teknologi pembuatan suatu komponen otomotif dari impor adalah dengan melakukan rekayasa peniruan (reverse engineering). Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan salah satu tahap penting dalam rekayasa peniruan yaitu pemodelan 3D intake manifold. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan geometrik dan dimensi yang tepat melalui proses pengukuran dan penggunaan fitur yang tepat dalam pemodelan 3D intake manifold. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan adalah mempelajari fungsi komponen, mempelajari proses manufaktur, mempelajari fitur-fitur yang digunakan pada komponen intake manifold, melakukan pengukuran dengan pemindai 3D dan alat ukur manual, melakukan pemodelan 3D, melakukan pengecekan menyeluruh semua fitur. Hasil menunjukan bahwa semua geometrik dan dimensi intake manifold dapat diidentifikasi dan terbentuk model 3D intake manifold.
Nurse’s knowledge and Awareness Regarding Cervical Cancer and its Prevention in Different Hospitals of Quetta, Pakistan
Authors: Haider Saba , Ul Haq Noman , Riaz Sohail , Nasim Aqeel , Saood Muhammad , Yasmin Riffat
Published: September 2018

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness regarding cervical cancer and its prevention among nurses working in different hospitals of Quetta, Pakistan. Methodology: The cross sectional, descriptive study was conducted by using structured questionnaire in different hospitals of Quetta from January to September 2016. Convenient sampling technique was applied by targeting all the nurses working in different hospitals of Quetta city. Study questionnaire was developed and tested for validity and reliability. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis tests, p<0.05) were used to assess the significance among study variables and were performed by using IBM SPSS v.20. Results: Out of 415 distributed questionnaires 324 were returned (response rate of 78%). The mean Age of respondents was 28.18 ±9.5 years. Majority (n=127, 43.3%) of participants were interns and had no or less than one year of experience (n=128, 43.7%) with negative family history of any cancer (n=275, 93.9%). Mean knowledge score was 18.52±4.84with majority (n=258, 88.1%) had adequate knowledge regarding cervical cancer. Respondent sage, current area of practice, qualification, Institute of degree and past family history were contributing factors (p > 0.05) in adequate knowledge in this study. The results also reviled that not only 68.3% (n=200) and 65.5% (n=192) respondents knew that cervical cancer is vaccine preventable and availability of the vaccine for it. Conclusions: Nurses working in different hospitals of Quetta city had better understanding of the disease cervical cancer and its prevention. Yet many of the respondent are not aware of it vaccine and its availability.
Isolation of Bacteriophage from Guheswori Sewage Treatment Plant Capable of Infecting Pathogens
Authors: Gautam Bikram , Aryal Lomas , Adhikari Sachana , Rana Manoj , Rajbhanshi Anjita , Ghale Sunita , Adhikari Rameshwar
Published: September 2018

Background: Waste water contains microorganisms which are continuously shed in the feces. These microorganisms especially bacteria might acquire antibiotic resistance and pose a significant threat to human health. Therefore, this work aims at isolating bacteriophage capable of infecting the isolated bacteria. Methodology: For this purpose, the grab sampling was performed at the Guheswori sewage treatment plant from the inlet in the primary treatment plant and from the outlet of the secondary treatment plant. For the isolation of bacteriophage, bacteriophage in the sewage was first enriched in an isolated pathogen, then filtered and then subjected to the isolates in the nutrient agar. Results: Pathogens like Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CONS), Citrobacter fruendii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa were screened. Bacteriophage was able to infect E. coli (p < 0.001), S. Typhi (p < 0.001), E. faecalis (p = 0.182); and unable to infect S. aureus, CONS, C. fruendii, E. aerogenes, P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: Bacteriophage are able to infect and kill pathogens like E. coli, S. Typhi, E. faecalis and unable to infect S. aureus, CONS, C. fruendii, E. aerogenes, P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. aeruginosa. Among all other reasons of lowering bacterial load, bacteriophages could also be one of the confounding factor. Such bacteriophage able to infect and undergo lytic cycle could be used in phage typing.
HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIQIH KELAS IV MI AL MADANI TAJUR HALANG KAB. BOGOR
Authors: Adawiyah Silmi Siti Rabiatul , Fahri Muhammad
Published: September 2018

This study aims to (1) know the use of audiovisual learning media in the subjects of Fiqh class IV in MI Al-Madani, (2) to know students' interest in the subject of Fiqh class IV in MI-Al-Madani, (3) to know the relationship of usage media learning with interest in student learning subject of Fiqh class IV in MI Al-Madani. In this study using correlation method, this correlation method is part of quantitative research with field research type (field research). In this study the researchers used a sample of all populations of 95 students. Instruments used in this study are: observation, questionnaires, and documentation. Based on data analysis, the research result can be concluded that: (1) it can be seen that the use of learning media in the subject of Fiqh class IV in MI Al-Madani got the interpretation of good enough value with the average respondent answer SL "Always" of 47.36% (2) it can be seen that the interest of student learning on the subject of Fiqh class IV in MI Al Madani gets the interpretation of good enough value with the average respondent answer the category SL "Always" of 51.68% (3) there is a moderate correlation low between the use of learning media with students' interest in the subjects of fiqh in grade IV MI Al-Madani. It can be seen based on interpretation table of rxy value data is 0,240 is between 0,20-0,40 and can be seen by comparing the amount of rxy with rt that rxy (0,240) while "rt" each significance level 5% (0,195) and 1% significance level (0.254) means 0.240> 0.195 and 0.240 <0.254. Thus, rxy (0.240) is greater than "rt" at a significant level of 5% (0.195), then at a significant level of 5% Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is accepted while the Nil Hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. Then at a significant level of rxy (0.240) smaller than a significant level of 1% (0.254), the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is rejected while the Nil Hypothesis (Ho) is accepted or approved. This means that for the level of significance of 1% there is no significant positive correlation between variable X and variable Y. Because at the level of 5% rxy greater than rt, the conclusion that can be taken is there is a significant relationship between the use of learning media with student learning interests on the subject of Fiqh class IV in MI Al-Madani Tajur Halang Bogor District.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL FASILITASI BELAJAR DALAM MEMPERDAYAKAN MASYARAKAT PELAKU USAHA KECIL
Authors: Saepudin Asep
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat pelaku usaha kecil yang berada pada sentraÂ  usaha kerajinan Cibeusi di Kabupaten Sumedang, dengan fokus permasalahan bagaimana model fasilitasi belajar yang dapat memberdayakan kelompok pelaku usaha kecil dalam mengembangkan kemandirian usaha produktifnya?. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan program pemberdayaan pada masyarakat pelaku usaha kecil melalui model fasilitasi belajar. Model fasilitasi belajar dirumuskan berdasarkan dukungan teoritis yang mengkaji tentang: konsep pembelajaran, pemberdayaan dan usaha kecil. Disain penelitian menggunakan Research and Development, dengan metode studi kasus, deskriptif, dan uji eksperimen. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatifÂ  dan kuantitatif, dengan sampel penelitian 30 orang diambil secara purposif. Temuan penelitian ini: (1) secara alamiah dalam menjalankan usahanya anggota kelompok dihadapkan pada keterbatasan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan, sehingga mereka membutuhkan fasilitasi belajar, (3) kegiatan model fasilitasi belajar adalah proses perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan penilaian pembelajaran, (4) uji coba model menunjukan hasil efektif, dengan indikator: pertama adanya keterlibatan aktif anggota kelompok. Kedua, data nilai pre-test dan post-tes menunjukkan angka signifikan. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah bahwa model fasilitasi belajar dipandang efektif dan berimplikasiÂ  teoritis dan praktis.
PENDIDIKAN ORANG DEWASA SEBAGAI BASIS PENDIDIKAN NON FORMAL
Authors: Bartin Tasril
Published: September 2018

Dalam sistim pendidikan nasional, pendidikan non formal dianggap setara degan pendidikan formal. Kedua jenis pendidikan ini hanya berbeda dalam soal konteks, waktu, tujuan, dan karakter peserta didiknya. Pendidikan orang dewasa merupakan salah satu pendekatan dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan non formal karena sebagian besar peserta didiknya orang dewasa, yang datang dengan berbagai latar belakang sosial budaya, pengalaman, minat, dan tujuan yang berbeda. Rendahnya hasil belajar sebagai indikator dari ketidakberhasilan pembelajaran, dimana peserta tidak mampu menerima dengan baik bahan belajar yang diajarkan oleh tutor merupakan masalah dalam pendidikan no formal. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah prinsip dan teori pendidikan orang dewasa (andragogi) belum diterapkan secara maksimal dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran Pendidikan orang dewasa dapat memecahkan berbagai persoalan kehidupan sehar-hari, termasuk berbagai musibah yang beruntun menimpa masyarakat Indonesia. Dengan pendekatan pendidikan orang dewasa melalui beberapa strategi dan teori belajar yang dikembangkan menurut falsafah kerja yang tepat, pemulihan mental dan aspek fisik lainnya dapat segera dilakukan. Demikian juga berbagai persiapan pendidikan bagi orang dewasa ke depan juga dapat dirancang melalui pemahaman falsafah kerja orang dewasa.
KEPUASAN SEORANG PNS
Authors: Warsihna Jaka
Published: September 2018

Masih banyak orang menginginkan menjadi PNS. Tetapi motivasi mereka kadang tidak sama. Ada yang cita-cita utama, ada juga yang karena sudah merasa cocok, namun ada juga karena tidak ada pilihan lain alias terpaksa. Keterpaksaan mereka juga banyak alasannya. Setelah menjadi PNS ada yang merasa puas dan ada yang kecewa. Kepuasan seseorang menjadi PNS banyak faktor yang mempengaruhinya, demikian juga kekecewaan. Namun kadang orang mengukurnya hanya dari segi imbalan atau gaji yang diterima. Padahal masih banyak tolak ukur lain yang lebih dari sekedar imbalan.
KINERJA KEPALA SEKOLAH DI ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Cahyana Ade
Published: September 2018

School headmasters in the globalization era play important roles to improve the quality of education in schools. They are educators, managers, administrators, supervisors, leaders, innovators, and motivators. Because of their important roles, they must have six competences, that are to develop, communicate and apply their schoolsâ€™ vision; to create conducive educational environment; to use their schoolsâ€™ resources to create conducive educational environment; to work together with studentsâ€™ parents and society; to be good role models; and to affect wider social and political environment. The competences must be able to measure and may support effective leadership
PENILAIAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA SMP TERBUKA BERBASIS TIK
Authors: Kurniawati Ika
Published: September 2018

Demi meningkatkan layanan serta kualitas pembelajaran di SMP Terbuka, baru-baru ini pemerintah telah meresmikan SMP Terbuka berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK). Diharapkan dengan program ini dapat ditingkatkan kualitas pembelajaran SMP Terbuka terutama dalam kemandirian peserta didik sehingga mereka memiliki daya saing, inovasi dan kreativitas yang tinggi. SMP Terbuka berbasis TIK dirintis di 3 lokasi, yaitu di: (1) SMP Terbuka Negeri 01 Malang, Jawa Timur yang menginduk pada SMPN 2 Malang, (2) SMP Terbuka Kandanghaur, IndramayuJawa Barat yang menginduk pada SMP Negeri 1 Kandanghaur, dan (3) SMP Terbuka Tanjung Priok, Jakarta yang menginduk pada SMPN 55 Jakarta Utara. Kegiatan pembelajaran berbasis TIK di SMP Terbuka dilaksanakan, baik secara online maupun offline yang dilengkapi dengan berbagai sumber belajar yang didukung oleh kegiatan pembelajaran mandiri dan tatap muka. Penilaian hasil belajar peserta didik juga dilakukan secara online. Penilaian hasil belajar peserta didik yang dilakukan secara online antara lain: Tes Akhir Kegiatan (TAK), Tes Akhir Modul (TAM), Tes Akhir Unit (TAU), dan Tes Akhir Semester. Untuk Ujian Sekolah dan Ujian Nasional tetap dilakukan secara manual dengan mengikuti jadwal SMP Reguler.
MODEL DAN FORMAT ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF
Authors: Miftah M.
Published: September 2018

Pembaharuan bidang pendidikan di Indonesia senantiasa dilakukan secara berkesinambungan dan salah satu di antaranya adalah perbaikan dan pengembangan kurikulum. Kurikulum yang diberlakukan dewasa ini adalah Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP). Multimedia yang secara sengaja dan kreatif dirancang untuk membantu memecahkan permasalahan pembelajaran, kiranya merupakan alternatif yang akan banyak mengambil peran dalam implementasi KTSP. Berbagai bentuk pengalaman belajar, baik yang dapat dicapai di dalam maupun di luar kelas, pesan-pesan pembelajaran, dan berbagai bentuk pengalaman belajar perlu dikemas dengan memperhatikan kaidah serta prinsip teknologi pembelajaran dalam bentuk multimedia. Agar program multimedia yang dikembangkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik, perlu dilakukan analisis kebutuhan. Analisis kebutuhan bertujuan untuk mendapatkan topiktopik yang akan dimultimediakan. Dalam kaitan ini, digunakanlah alur kerja, model, dan format analisis kebutuhan. Metode yang diterapkan adalah dalam bentuk lokakarya yang melibatkan para guru bidang studi, kalangan akademisi, dan para (media, teknologi pembelajaran, teknologi informasi, kurikulum). Hasil kegiatan yang diharapkan adalah model dan format analisis kebutuhan yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi topik-topik yang akan dimultimediakan melalui pengkajian kurikulum secara mendalam.
STUDI KELAYAKAN PENDIRIAN RADIO EDUKASI
Authors: Innayah Innayah
Published: September 2018

Radio edukasi adalah radio yang memanfaatkan dunia pembelajaran, dimana pola atau ruang lingkup pembelajaran ialah pendidikan formal, nonformal, yang meliputi pembelajaran. Dengan format radio pendidikan dan informasi (jauh berbeda dengan siaran-siaran radio lain yang cenderung lebih besar porsinya kepada siaran hiburan), radio pendidikan mampu menarik perhatian audiens yang haus akan informasi pendidikan. Media radio mempunyai sifat sosial dan pendengar yang heterogen. Maka untuk pendirian sebuah radio edukasi diperlukan legitimasi melalui studi kelayakan dengan mengadakan jajak pendapat pada masyarakat sekitar dengan radius 5 km dari lokasi Radio edukasi dengan mempertimbangkan sifat heterogenitas pendengar radio. Penelitian ini diadakan pada tanggal 7 - 9 Februari 2007 . Dengan tujuan mendapatkan data yang berupa pendapat, masukan maupun saran yang berkaitan dengan radio edukasi/ pendidikan. Kenyataan di lapangan, masyarakat menginginkan adanya radio pendidikanÂ  dengan menampilkan acara yang menarik dan dikemas secara kreatif dengan konsep radio yang matang
KEBERHASILAN DAN KENDALA PEMANFAATAN SIARAN TELEVISI EDUKASI (TVE) DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Warsihna Jaka
Published: September 2018

Keberhasilan dan cara mengatasi kendala dalam pemanfaatan Siaran TVE di sekolah sangat ditentukan oleh guru dan siswa sebagai sasaran program. Keberhasilan guru dan siswa dalam memanfaatkan Siaran TVE dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor; yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal antara lain kesadaran dan minat guru dan siswa, manfaat menonton siaran TVE, tuntutan/kebutuhan guru dan siswa dalam mengikuti perkembangan zaman, dan kondisi fisik ketika memanfaatkan siaran TVE. Sedangkan faktor eksternalnya antara lain adalah kemudahan mengakses siaran TVE di sekolah, ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana penunjang, kesesuaian materi siaran dengan keperluan/kebutuhan belajar siswa, kesesuaian jadwal siaran TVE dengan jadwal pelajaran sekolah (untuk pemanfaatan siaran TVE pada jam pelajaran sekolah). Sedangkan keberhasilan pemanfaatan siaran TVE di luar sekolah sangat ditentukan oleh dukungan dan dorongan orang tua kepada anak untuk memanfaatkan siaranTVE Pengawasan pembinaan dari atasan sangat penting, sebab kendala selalu ada. Terakhir penghargaan dan sanksi akan semakin mendorong keberhasilan pemanfaatan siaran TVE di sekolah. Namun demikian, faktor-faktor tersebut dapat menjadi kendala apabila tidak tidak terkelola dengan baik.
ANADOLU SELÇUKLU DEVLETİNDE EĞİTİM VE KONYA MEDRESELERİ
Authors: Birekul Mehmet
Published: September 2018

Türklerde eğitim Orta Asya’ya kadar uzansa da Anadolu topraklarında
sistemli eğitimin Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti ile birlikte yerleştiği bir
gerçektir. Uzun yıllar Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti’ne başkentlik yapmış Konya
şehri ise Selçuklu döneminde bir eğitim mekânı haline gelmiştir. Birçok
medresenin inşa edildiği Konya’da Selçuklu döneminin izleri günümüzde bile hala
ayakta durmaktadır. Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti’nin eğitime verdiği önemin
açıklandığı ve Konya’da inşa edilen medreselerin incelendiği bu çalışmada
Selçukluların eğitim anlayışı açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.
ÖĞRETMENLERİN PROAKTİF DAVRANIŞ DÜZEYLERİ İLE BEŞ FAKTÖR KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Halıcı Karabatak Songül
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışmada öğretmenlerin
proaktif davranışları ile beş faktör kişilik (BFK) özellikleri arasındaki
ilişki incelenmiştir. Çalışma ilişkisel tarama modelinde
gerçekleştirilmiştir.  Veriler, Elazığ il
merkezinde görev yapan öğretmenlerinde oransız eleman örnekleme yöntemi ile 224
öğretmenden toplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanması sürecinde On-Maddeli Kişilik
Ölçeği ile Kısaltılmış Proaktivite Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi
için betimsel istatistiklerden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda öğretmenlerin dışa
dönüklük, yumuşak başlılık, duygusal dengelilik ve deneyime açıklık kişilik
özelliklerinin “Biraz Katılıyorum” düzeyinde iken, sorumluluk kişilik özelliği
ile proaktif davranışlar sergilemelerinin “Katılıyorum” düzeyinde olduğu ortaya
çıkmıştır. Öğretmenlerin proaktif davranış düzeyleri ile demografik
özelliklerden sadece eğitim durumu arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki olduğu görülmüştür.
Öğretmenlerin proaktif davranış düzeyleri ile sorumluluk, dışadönüklük ve
deneyime açıklık özellikleri arasında orta düzeyde, yumuşak başlılık ve
duygusal dengelilik özellikleri arasında düşük düzeyde, anlamlı ve pozitif
yönde ilişkinin olduğu görülmüştür. Regresyon analizinin birinci adımında
eklenen eğitim durumu ve kıdem değişkenlerinin proaktif davranış üzerinde
anlamlı yordayıcı olduğu, fakat cinsiyet değişkeninin proaktif davranış
üzerinde anlamlı bir yordayıcı olmadığı görülmüştür. Analize
ikinci adımda eklenen BFK özelliklerinin hepsi birlikte öğretmenlerin proaktif
davranışlarını anlamlı düzeyde yordamıştır. Özellikle deneyime açıklık ve
dışadönüklük özelliklerinin öğretmenlerin proaktif davranış üzerinde anlamlı
yordayıcılar olduğu, ancak sorumluluk, yumuşak başlılık ve duygusal dengelilik
özelliklerinin anlamlı yordayıcılar olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışmanın
sonunda öğretmenlerin proaktifliklerinin arttırılmasına yönelik çeşitli
önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
REKLAM VE PAZARLAMA STRATEJİLERİ: BİR REKLAMDA OLMASI GEREKENLER
Authors: Kaya Ferzinde
Published: September 2018

Reklamlar,  satın alma davranışlarını şekillendiren en önemli pazarlama araçlarıdır. Pazarlama ise bir işletmenin faaliyet ya da faaliyetlerini kâra dönüştürme sürecidir. Değişen ve gelişen dünyada, bir faaliyet ya da üründen kâr elde etmek için pazarlama ve reklam gibi iki önemli kolun iyi yönetilmesi gerekmektedir. Reklamcılık ise etkili ve yaratıcı yöntemlerle kitleleri etkilemeyi hedefler. Reklamlar, ürüne veya hizmete ait özellikleri tanımlamakla beraber, ürünle tüketicinin ortak noktasını bulup ürünün alım ve tüketimini artırmayı amaçlar. Kısaca reklamcılık; ürüne veya hizmete simgesel bir anlam yükleyerek tüketiciyi satın almaya ikna etmektir. Bu ikna sürecinde kullanılan stratejiler bu çalışmanın konusudur. Ayrıca etkili bir pazarlama ve pazarlamanın, hedefleneni tutturması için izlenen stratejilere de bu çalışmada değinilmiştir. Tüm bu stratejiler örnek reklamlarla açıklanmıştır.
SİNAN PAŞA’NIN TAZARRU’-NÂMESİ’NİN SANATÇININ ŞİİRSEL İFADELERİ (MAZMUN) İŞLEMESİ YÖNÜNDEN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Er Emine
Published: September 2018

Bu
yazıda Sinan Paşa’nın Tazarru’-nâme yapıtı ele alınacaktır. Döneminin
önemli devlet adamlarından biri olan Sinan Paşa, devlet yönetimindeki
etkilerinin yanı sıra edebî kimliğini de yaşatan bir kişiliktir. Böylelikle
Sinan Paşa’ya ilişkin herhangi bir yapıt incelenirken onun bağlı bulunduğu
yaşamının da etkilerinden söz etmek yerinde olacaktır. Onun baskın devlet
yönetimi anlayışı edebiyat birikimine de yansır. Onun geçmişinde yaşadığı ve
tanık olduğu durumlar, edebî yapıtlarını anlamamızda bizim için önemli bir ışık
kaynağıdır. Böylece herhangi bir Sinan Paşa yapıtını incelediğimizde bu yapıtta
kişiye değer verme, usun önemi ve Allah inancı gibi anlayış ve inançların ne
kadar baskın olduğunu anlayabiliriz.

İncelememizin
konusu olan Sinan Paşa’nın Tazarru’-nâme adlı yapıtı, düzyazı ağırlıklı
hazırlanmıştır. Tazarru’-nâme, biçimce şiir-düzyazı (nazım-nesir)
karışık, konusu ve içeriği bakımından ise Allah’a yakarış olan ve özde kişi
ahlakının değeri üzerinde duran bir yapıttır.

Tazarru’-nâme
düzyazı anlayışlarından biri olan süslü düzyazı anlayışıyla yazılmış nitelikli bir
örnektir. Süslü düzyazı, şiir üslubunun söz ve sanat zenginliğinden çokça
yararlanan bir anlatım çeşididir. Çalışmamız Sinan Paşa’nın sanatsal ve
düşünsel kişiliğini aktarıp ortaya koyduğu yapıtı Tazarru’-nâme’deki
imgelerin şiirsel değerlerinin incelenmesi üzerinedir. Araştırmamıza onun yaşam
öyküsü ile başlayacağız. Sonrasında onun Tazarru’-nâme’de
ortaya koyduğu şiir becerisini inceleyip değerlendirmeyi amaçlıyoruz. Böylece
Allah’a yakarış ve kişi ahlakının edebî yönden Sinan Paşa tarafından nasıl betimlendiğini
irdeleyerek bu konuların Tazarru’-nâme gibi bir yapıtın oluşumundaki
önemini ortaya koymaya çalışacağız.
Rheological Performance of Bio-Char Modified Asphalt with Different Particle Sizes
Authors: Zhang Ran , Dai Qingli , You Zhanping , Wang Hainian , Peng Chao
Published: September 2018

To improve the performance of petroleum asphalt, bio-char was used as a modifier for a petroleum asphalt binder, in this study. The rheological properties of bio-char modified asphalt binders were compared with different particle sizes and contents, with one control and one flake graphite modified asphalt binder. Specifically, the bio-char modifiers with two particle sizes (ranging from 75 μm–150 μm and less than 75 μm) and three contents of 2%, 4%, and 8% were added into the asphalt binder. A flake graphite powder with particle sizes less than 75 μm was used as a comparison modifier. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image showed the porous structure and rough surface of bio-char as well as dense structure and smooth surface of flake graphite. A Rotational Viscosity (RV) test, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) test, aging test, and Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) test were performed to evaluate the properties of bio-char modified asphalt in this study. Both modifiers could improve the rotational viscosities of the asphalt binders. The porous structure and rough surface of bio-char lead to larger adhesion interaction in asphalt binder than the smooth flake graphite. As a result, the bio-char modified asphalts had better high-temperature rutting resistance and anti-aging properties than the graphite modified asphalt, especially for the binders with the smaller-sized and higher content of bio-char particles. Furthermore, the asphalt binder modified by the bio-char with sizes less than 75 μm and about 4% content could also achieve a better low-temperature crack resistance, in comparison to other modified asphalt binders. Thus, this type of bio-char particles is recommended as a favorable modifier for asphalt binder.
Impact of Economic Indicators on the Integrated Design of Wind Turbine Systems
Authors: Wu Jianghai , Wang Tongguang , Wang Long , Zhao Ning
Published: September 2018

This article presents a framework to integrate and optimize the design of large-scale wind turbines. Annual energy production, load analysis, the structural design of components and the wind farm operation model are coupled to perform a system-level nonlinear optimization. As well as the commonly used design objective levelized cost of energy (LCoE), key metrics of engineering economics such as net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and the discounted payback time (DPT) are calculated and used as design objectives, respectively. The results show that IRR and DPT have the same effect as LCoE since they all lead to minimization of the ratio of the capital expenditure to the energy production. Meanwhile, the optimization for NPV tends to maximize the margin between incomes and costs. These two types of economic metrics provide the minimal blade length and maximal blade length of an optimal blade for a target wind turbine at a given wind farm. The turbine properties with respect to the blade length and tower height are also examined. The blade obtained with economic optimization objectives has a much larger relative thickness and smaller chord distributions than that obtained for high aerodynamic performance design. Furthermore, the use of cost control objectives in optimization is crucial in improving the economic efficiency of wind turbines and sacrificing some aerodynamic performance can bring significant reductions in design loads and turbine costs.
Severely Damaged Reinforced Concrete Circular Columns Repaired by Turned Steel Rebar and High-Performance Concrete Jacketing with Steel or Polymer Fibers
Authors: Xue Junqing , Lavorato Davide , Bergami Alessandro V. , Nuti Camillo , Briseghella Bruno , Marano Giuseppe C. , Ji Tao , Vanzi Ivo , Tarantino Angelo M. , Santini Silvia
Published: September 2018

A new strategy that repairs severely damaged reinforced concrete (RC) columns after an earthquake is proposed as a simpler and quicker solution with respect to the strategies currently available in the literature. The external concrete parts are removed from the column surface along the whole plastic hinge region to uncover the steel reinforcement. The transverse steel is cut away, and each longitudinal rebar is locally substituted by steel rebar segments connected by welding connections to the original undamaged rebar pieces outside the intervention zone. The new rebar segments have a reduced diameter achieved by turning to ensure plastic deformation only in the plastic hinge, protecting the original rebar and the welding connections. The connection is specifically designed to be effective and simple, and is directly realized on column reinforcement. Finally, the removed concrete is restored by a jacket built with high-performance concrete with steel or polymer fibers. The use of concrete with high volume fraction of polymer fibers to repair the column is investigated for the first time in this paper. This concrete was characterized by compression and flexural tests in the laboratory and its mechanical characteristics were compared with those of the concrete with steel fibers, which are being increasingly used in construction. The repair strategy was applied to two RC columns (1:6 scaled bridge piers), tested by asymmetric cyclic tests. The results show that the column strength, stiffness, and ductility were restored, and the energy dissipation capacity improved. The experimental evidence was investigated by fiber models in OpenSees.
Research on a Surface Defect Detection Algorithm Based on MobileNet-SSD
Authors: Li Yiting , Huang Haisong , Xie Qingsheng , Yao Liguo , Chen Qipeng
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to achieve real-time and accurate detection of surface defects by using a deep learning method. For this purpose, the Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) network was adopted as the meta structure and combined with the base convolution neural network (CNN) MobileNet into the MobileNet-SSD. Then, a detection method for surface defects was proposed based on the MobileNet-SSD. Specifically, the structure of the SSD was optimized without sacrificing its accuracy, and the network structure and parameters were adjusted to streamline the detection model. The proposed method was applied to the detection of typical defects like breaches, dents, burrs and abrasions on the sealing surface of a container in the filling line. The results show that our method can automatically detect surface defects more accurately and rapidly than lightweight network methods and traditional machine learning methods. The research results shed new light on defect detection in actual industrial scenarios.
Combined Mie Resonance Metasurface for Wideband Terahertz Absorber
Authors: Hu Jie , Lang Tingting , Shen Changyu , Shao Liyang
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we propose a combined metasurface consisting of an aluminum substrate and an array of TiO2 blocks to achieve a wideband terahertz absorber. We incorporated several similar dielectric blocks with different side length into each unit cell. Each dielectric block could cause magnetic-resonance-inducing absorption effect with different peak wavelengths. Thus, our combined metasurface could achieve wider absorption frequency band than the traditional design when these dielectric blocks were properly designed. The absorption bandwidth could be widened nearly 2.5 times and 5 times compared to a single block case when there were four and nine blocks, respectively, andcouldbe further improved by increasing the number of combinations in structures (variable parameters included number, spacing, dimensions etc.). For both TE00 (the electric fields of the light polarized along the y-axis) and TM00 (the electric fields of the light polarized along the x-axis) polarization states, the absorption bandwidth could be widened effectively; even when the incident angle was 45°, the absorption rate could still reach about 75%. This structure is simple and easy to fabricate, and this design concept can also be used in various other application fields.
Development, Characterization, and Validation of a Cold Stage-Based Ice Nucleation Array (PKU-INA)
Authors: Chen Jie , Pei Xiangyu , Wang Hong , Chen Jingchuan , Zhu Yishu , Tang Mingjin , Wu Zhijun
Published: September 2018

A drop-freeze array (PeKing University Ice Nucleation Array, PKU-INA) was developed based on the cold-stage method to investigate heterogeneous ice nucleation properties of atmospheric particles in the immersion freezing mode from −30 to 0 °C. The instrumental details as well as characterization and performance evaluation are described in this paper. A careful temperature calibration protocol was developed in our work. The uncertainties in the reported temperatures were found to be less than 0.4 °C at various cooling rates after calibration. We also measured the ice nucleation activities of droplets containing different mass concentrations of illite NX, and the results obtained in our work show good agreement with those reported previously using other instruments with similar principles. Overall, we show that our newly developed PKU-INA is a robust and reliable instrument for investigation of heterogeneous ice nucleation in the immersion freezing mode.
Environmentally-Related Cherry Root Cambial Plasticity
Authors: Ljubojević Mirjana , Maksimović Ivana , Lalić Branislava , Dekić Ljiljana , Narandžić Tijana , Magazin Nenad , Dulić Jovana , Miodragović Maja , Barać Goran , Ognjanov Vladislav
Published: September 2018

The general aim of this research was to determine whether the cherry root cambium possesses similar water-stress adaptation abilities as the scion. Specifically, this study aimed to determine whether there is a shift in root xylem structure due to precipitation fluctuations and temperature increase during the growing season in two cherry species. Oblačinska sour cherry and European ground cherry roots with secondary structure were anatomically surveyed in detail, and correlated with meteorological conditions occurring during the vegetation when the roots were formed. Under environmental signals, both investigated species altered their radial root growth imprinting stops and starts in a cambial activity that resulted in the occurrence of intra-annual false growth rings. Changing environmental conditions triggered the shifts of large and small vessels throughout the false growth rings, but their size seemed to be mainly genetically controlled. Taking into consideration all the above, genotypes with moderate vessel lumen area—lesser or around 1200 μm2 in the inner zone, as well as no greater than 1500 μm2 in the outer zone—are presumed to be both size-controlling and stable upon the drought events. Thus, further field trials will be focused on the SV2 European ground cherry genotype, and OV13, OV32, and OV34 Oblačinska sour cherry genotypes.
Combination of EGFR Inhibitor Lapatinib and MET Inhibitor Foretinib Inhibits Migration of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Simiczyjew Aleksandra , Dratkiewicz Ewelina , Van Troys Marleen , Ampe Christophe , Styczeń Ilona , Nowak Dorota
Published: September 2018

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging subtype to treat due to the lack of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 expression, which excludes the usage of directed targeted therapy against them. Promising therapeutic targets are the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which expression is frequently elevated in TNBC. Inhibitors of these receptors used as monotherapy are often ineffective. Due to that, we studied the efficacy of combined therapy targeting MET and EGFR simultaneously. Two TNBC cell lines were treated with lapatinib (a dual EGFR and HER2 inhibitor), foretinib (a MET inhibitor), or a combination of the two. After the inhibitors treatment, we verified the cell viability (XTT assay), distribution of the cell cycle phases, the activation of signaling pathways (Western blotting), distribution of invadopodia, fluorescent gelatin digestion (immunofluorescence), and the invasion capacity of cells. A combination of foretinib and lapatinib effectively reduced the viability of examined cells, led to G2/M arrest and reduction of pAKT. There was also a decreasein number of invadopodia formed by cells, their ability to digest gelatin and reduction of cells migration/invasion capacity. Therapy targeting of both EGFR and MET receptors was much more effective against tested cells than monotherapy. We selected a combination of drugs that could be successfully used against this breast cancer subtype.