bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable leadership skills needs of brick/block-laying and concreting (BBC) students for self-reliance in government technical colleges of Kano State
Authors: Ya’u Isyaku , Angulu Haruna , Hamza Samaila , Chedi J. Mustapha
Published: March 2023

This study determined the sustainable leadership skills need of brick/block laying and concreting students for self-reliance in technical colleges of Kano State, Nigeria. Two research objectives, two research questions and one null hypothesis guided the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study had a total population of 1,344 respondents with a sampled size of 302 respondents using stratified random sampling technique. The instrument used for gathering data for the study was a structured questionnaire. The instrument was validated by three experts. Cronbach Alpha statistical tool was used to determine the reliability coefficient of 0.88. A total of 302 copies of the instrument were administered to the respondents, however, 296 copies were returned filled. This brings the percentage return rate to 98%. Mean and standard deviation statistical tools were employed to analyze the research questions. While t-test statistical tool was used to test the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that Brick/Block Laying and Concreting (BBC) Trade students of the study area need sustainable leadership skills that will enable them to coordinate, supervise, budget, maintain good financial records, work together as team and implement policies in their prospective place of work, to enable them fit into the world of work effectively. It was therefore recommended that government should ensure that appropriate policies that will facilitate the training need of BBC students in the area of sustainable leadership skills that will enable them fit into the construction industry should be duly emphasized in the curriculum of Brick/Block Laying and Concreting Trade.
Association of public policy on the management of secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Oluwalola K. Felicia , Bello K. Yunus
Published: March 2023

This study examined the association between public policy and the management of secondary schools in Kwara State. The research design adopted for this study was the descriptive research design of survey type. The population for the study was 523 principals in Kwara State secondary schools, and a purposive sampling technique was used to select 333 principals. The instrument used for this study was a researcher-designed questionnaire. The reliability of the instrument was tested using the test-retest method within an interval of four weeks. The data collected was analyzed using Cronbach’s alpha. The analysis of the collected data was done, and a reliability coefficient of 0.84 was obtained. Pearson product moment correlation was used to analyze the hypotheses raised for this study at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings of this study revealed that there was a positive significant relationship between public policy and academic planning (R-value 0.140, p-value = 0.017); between public policy and financial management (R-value 0.140, p-value = 0.023); between public policy and record keeping (R-value 0.140, p-value = 0.021); and between public policy and discipline (R-value 0.140, p-value = 0.015). This study recommended, among others, that school administrators and managers should always be guided by the policy and laid-down rules in decision-making and ensuring effective implementation of policies guiding school management.
Correlational analysis of parental occupation on students’ agripreneurial competency skills and choice of agribusiness after graduation in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria
Authors: Abdulhamid U. , Saulawa U. Bishir , Ekpo J. Cyril , Altine Garba , Mamman J. Jirgi , Ilugbo T. Hassan , Abdullahi B. Bala , Jurbe Zabe , Shagori Y. Ilesha , Tukur U. Mohammed
Published: March 2023

The broad objective of the study is to determine the relationship of parental occupation on students’ agripreneurial competency skills and choice of agribusiness after graduation. The study adopted a descriptive survey design with a population of 196 final year agricultural technology students of 2018/2019 session of the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa university, Bauchi. The sample size for the study was one hundred (100) students that were randomly selected. A self-developed questionnaire was designed and administered for data collection. The questionnaire was validated by three lecturers from the Faculty of Technology Education and Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology. The Alpha Cronbach’s reliability coefficient was 89.56% which was highly reliable. Data obtained was subjected to descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation. The frequency result indicated that majority of the students do not possess agribusiness skills. There was a significant association between parental occupation and agribusiness competency skills possessed by the students, i.e., students’ whose parents are civil-servants wants to be civil-servants and students whose parents are full-time farmers does want to be farmers.
Glycaemic control and associated factors in adult patients with diabetes mellitus, South Sudan, 2021
Authors: Mogga Joseph Lou K. , Loro Stephen , Gai Stephen , Anyit Moses , Awu Robert , Hadija Shaza , Aliti Jorum , Biriwo Lawrence , Ameh David
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Many patients with diabetes mellitus are not attaining optimal glycaemic control, although the rate is unknown in South Sudan. Maintaining  adequate glycaemic control is the most effective means of preventing complications associated with diabetes. This record review assesses  the proportion of patients with diabetes on follow-up not adequately controlled using glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and describes associated factors. 

Method: This is retrospective cross-sectional review of electronic patient records from a private for-profit health facility in Juba, South Sudan. The study  assesses follow-up HbA1c levels of type I (T1DM) and type II (T2DM) patients with diabetes 18 years and older. An HbA1c value of less than 7% was  regarded as reflecting adequate control. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with inadequate control. From an unadjusted analysis,  variables were retained for the adjusted analysis that were significant at the 95% confidence level. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were reported. 

Results: Of the 291 patients assessed, 62.2% were male, mean age was 54 (SD =12.6) years, and the median body mass index (BMI) was 27.2 (IQR=24.5-  30). Those with hypertension were 28.5% and 35% had medical insurance. Overall, 60 patients (20.6%) achieved target HbA1c levels of <7%. One hundred  patients had HbA1c levels between 7-10% and 131 had values of >10%. Independent predictors of non-achievement of target HbA1c were female gender,  adjusted prevalence ratio, PR (95% CI) =1.18 (1.01-1.32); normal BMI, adjusted PR (95% CI) =1.41 (1.07-1.83) and having no medical insurance cover,  adjusted PR (95%CI) =1.13 (1.10-1.29).

Conclusion: About 80% of patients did not attain target HbA1c levels. Diagnosis of diabetes, care and treatment of patients with diabetes is not well  organised in South Sudan leading to poor outcomes even in private clinics. Women and those without medical insurance cover are at greater  disadvantage. We recommend better diagnosis and classification of patients with diabetes as well as reorganisation of care and treatment. We also  recommend initiatives that will increase coverage of services to women and putting more people on medical insurance cover.
Indications for Caesarean Section for women of low obstetric risk - an audit
Authors: Lukumay Murete Sanare , Muzo Jane Kokushubila , Kikula Amani Idris , Wangwe Peter Joseph , Pembe Andrea Barnabas
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The Caesarean Section (CS) rate is dramatically increasing across obstetric populations. This study aimed to determine the adherence to  criteria for standard diagnosis of the common indications for CS among women of a low-risk group. This group, known as group 3 in the Robson  classification, is multiparous, term with singleton pregnancy and have not had a previous CS.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at Muhimbili National Hospital from August to December 2018. The criteria for standard diagnosis of  foetal distress, obstructed labour, arrested labour and cephalopelvic disproportion were adopted from peer groups publications based on local expert  consensus. Data were analysed using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.

Results: A total of 1,670 emergency CS’s were performed during the study period, 392 (23.5%) were women of Robson group 3, of these women 101  (25.8%) had foetal distress, 92 (23.5%) obstructed labour, 88 (22.4%) arrested labour and 64 (16.4%) cephalopelvic disproportion. The proportion of CS’s  which met the criteria for standard diagnosis of indications for CS were 61.4% foetal distress, 52.2% obstructed labour, 58% arrested labour, and 45.3%  CPD with total average of 55.1%.

Conclusion: Generally, the standard criteria for audited indications of CS have been met by 55.1% during the study period. Thus, follow up, on the job  training and updating about adherence to standard criteria for best practice are recommended.
Primary cystic echinococcosis presented as prolonged disabling knee osteoarthritis: a case report
Authors: Mohager Samah O. , Nai Abdelsalam M. , Tonga Rayan A. , Abdallah Awad H. , Fadl-Elmula Imad M.
Published: March 2023

Cystic echinococcosis (hydatid disease) is a neglected tropical disease common in Asia, South America and Sub-Saharan Africa. It is a parasitic disease  caused by larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. The commonest organs affected by hydatidosis are the liver and the lung. Primary bone hydatidosis  in humans is a rare disease accounting for 1–2% of echinococcosis cases. To our knowledge secondary hydatidosis of joints is uncommon and few cases of hydatid disease of the knee joint have been reported. We present a case of primary cystic echinococcosis of the knee joint occurring in a 43-year-old  female presenting mainly as disabling right knee arthritis in the form of chronic (13 years) painful swelling, which ultimately led to her inability to walk.  Imaging and histopathologic examination revealed cystic echinococcosis of the right knee joint. Subsequent pulmonary, liver and bone screening for  primary lesions were negative. To our knowledge, this is the first ever report on primary knee hydatid disease. It is possible that pre-existing arthritis  modulated the local environment of the knee, rendering it susceptible to hydatidosis. This should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of  arthritis particularly in endemic areas.
COP27 Climate Change Conference: urgent action needed for Africa and the world
Authors: Atwoli Lukoye , Erhabor Gregory E. , Gbakima Aiah A. , Haileamlak Abraham , Ntumba Jean-Marie Kayembe , Kigera James , Laybourn-Langton Laurie , Mash Bob , Muhia Joy , Mulaudzi Fhumulani Mavis , Ofori-Adjei David , Okonofua Friday , Rashidian Arash , El-Adawy Maha , Sidibé Siaka , Snouber Abdelmadjid , Tumwine James , Yassien Mohammad Sahar , Yonga Paul , Zakhama Lilia , Zielinski Chris
Published: March 2023

COP27 Climate Change Conference: urgent action needed for Africa and the world
Evaluation of potential cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of paclitaxel and docetaxel in human Burkitt lymphoma cell lines
Authors: Altun Ahmet , Karademir Mustafa , Altun Gülşah
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To study the cytotoxicity of paclitaxel and docetaxel on cell viability and apoptosis in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines.

Methods: The cytotoxic activity of Paclitaxel and Docetaxel against Burkitt lymphoma cells was evaluated using the XTT cell viability test. The cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of paclitaxel and docetaxel ranging from 0.0001 to 10 μM for 48 h. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis were also assessed using flow cytometry-based experiments.

Results: Both paclitaxel and docetaxel exhibited a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect with IC50 of 5.32 and 6.58 μM, respectively. Furthermore, paclitaxel and docetaxel were shown to have a significant apoptotic effect on Burkitt lymphoma cells (p < 0.01). Furthermore, paclitaxel and docetaxel arrested Burkitt lymphoma cells at the G2/M phase.

Conclusion: Paclitaxel and docetaxel are potential candidates for the treatment of Burkitt lymphoma. Since both drugs are already licensed for many indications, the addition of Burkitt lymphoma to the list of indications of these drugs would be a much easier and faster process. However, there is a need for further in vitro and in vivo research to fully elucidate their mechanisms of action.
Effects of anti-cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), structure activity relationship, molecular docking and in silico ADMET of some synthesized chalcones
Authors: Abdelwahab Siddig Ibrahim , Al-Mamary Mohammed , Hassanein Khaled , Taha Manal Mohamed Elhassan , Farasani Abdullah , Alhazmi Hassan
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To develop effective cancer chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory agents, a series of chalcones were prepared by reacting suitable aromatic aldehyde with appropriate acetophenones.

Methods: Twenty-four synthesized chalcones (namely, 1 - 24) were assessed for their in vitro anti-cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and anti-cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity in a COX catalyzed prostaglandin synthesis bioassay. Molecular docking was done to investigate the ligand-protein interactions, and selectivity on both enzymes. ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity) modeling and software were also used.

Results: The compounds inhibited both COX-1 and COX-2. Two compounds (3 and 19) demonstrated more marked COX-2 inhibition than compound 1. Indomethacin as a standard anti-cyclooxygenase shows unselective inhibition of 81.44 ± 6.5 and 91 ± 9.5, respectively. The in silico data revealed that a chalcone skeleton with C=O at 4-position, C2–C3 double bond and OH at 5-position are necessary properties for anti-cyclooxygenase effects. It was also revealed that the propenone moiety comprises of an appropriate scaffold which proposes a new acyclic 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-ones with selective anti-COX effects. A molecular modeling investigations where these chalcones 1, 3 and 19 were docked in the active site of COX-2 depicted that the p-CH3 substituent on the C-4- phenyl ring A are oriented in the vicinity of the COX-2 secondary pocket Phe381, Gly526, Tyr385 and Val349.

Conclusion: Based on the screening for oral bioavailability, in silico ADMET, and toxicity risk assessment, this study shows that these compounds could be a cornerstone for the development of new pharmaceuticals in the battle against COX-associated inflammatory disorders.
Design and characterization of core scaffold pyrazolone fused thiazolidinone analogues as potent anticancer agents
Authors: Arunachalam Sumathy , Ramalingam Suresh , Lachmanan Gowrishankar Narayanasamy , Nagarajan Srinivasan
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To synthesize novel pyrazolone fused thiazolidinone analogues and evaluate their efficiency as potent HER2 and EGFR inhibitors in human breast adenocarcinoma cells for anti-cancer activity.

Method: In this study, several pyrazolone fused thiazolidinone analogues were synthesized, and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectroscopy, as well as tested for their in vitro cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) by MTT assay. A correlation study of the cytotoxicity was performed to obtain the Docking score using Schrodinger (Maestro) Version 9.6 Glide XP software.

Result: A total of 10 compounds were synthesised and analysed for their physiochemical, spectral, and cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). Among the synthesised compounds, compound 4B5 showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) anticancer properties against MCF-7 cell lines with docking score of -6.614, and half-maximal concentration (IC50) value of 001.17 M compared to other synthesized compounds of the same categories.

Conclusion: Novel pyrazolone-fused thiazolidinone analogues have been successfully synthesized. The synthesised compounds possess anti-cancer activity against the MCF-7 cell lines. This could potentially lead to the development of new anti-breast cancer agents.
Determination of amino acids in black garlic using high-performance liquid chromatography after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc-Van Thi , Vuong Lan Hoang , Nguyen Ngan Kim Huynh , Phan Nga Ngoc Thi
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To quantify the amino acids obtained from black garlic (Allium sativum L.) using high-performance liquid chromatography after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC-Cl).

Methods: Homogenized black garlic samples were derivatized with 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC-Cl) reagent in borate buffer at 30 °C for 60 min. The black garlic samples were hydrolyzed with 5.0 mL HCl (6 N) and neutralized to pH 5 – 6 by adding 30 mL NaOH (1 N). Amino acids were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a fluorescence detector after hydrolysis and derivatization with FMOC-Cl reagent. Gradient elution mixture consisted of acetonitrile, methanol, and water at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, 0.2 % ammonium acetate, and 0.1 % formic acid.

Results: The ranges of the limits of detection and quantification were 30 and 100 g/mL, respectively. The overall intra- and inter-day variations (%RSD) for the precision findings were smaller than 3.43 and 4.63 %, respectively. The accuracy of the developed method was good, ranging from 90.9 to 106.8 %. The amino acids of six black garlic products from the market were determined using the suggested approach. The findings indicated that glutamic acid, the main amino acid, is present in the maximum concentration (564.64 – 1333.9 mg/100 g) in black garlic.

Conclusion: The validated method is for the determination of the amino acids in black garlic and would be a helpful tool for the quality control of products containing black garlic.
25-Hydroxyvitamin D: A potential marker of the incidence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in diabetic mellitus patients
Authors: Shen Haibo , He Xuan
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of using the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in assessing osteoporosis (OP) and sarcopenia in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: One hundred and forty elderly patients with DM were allocated to DM (n = 40), OP (n = 50), and DM + OP (n = 50) groups. Their clinical data were collected, and muscle function assessed. The levels of fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), t-P1NP, and 25(OH)D were determined by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay, high-pressure liquid chromatography, electrochemical immunoassay, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, respectively.

Results: The 25(OH)D levels were lowest in DM + OP group, followed by the OP group, and highest in the DM group (p < 0.05). The DM + OP group showed significantly lower gait speed and grip strength than the OP and DM groups (p < 0.05). The diagnostic AUC of 25(OH)D for OP and sarcopenia were 0.9733 (95 % CI: 0.9274 - 1.000, p < 0.001) and 0.9866 (95 % CI: 0.9632 - 1.000, p < 0.001). Patients with sarcopenia had significantly lower 25(OH)D and t-PINP levels than patients without sarcopenia (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the 25(OH)D level, duration of DM, and age were independent risk factors for sarcopenia (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Patients with DM and OP exhibit increase in the incidence of sarcopenia. Serum 25(OH)D may be used as a potential marker for the incidence of OP and sarcopenia in DM patients.
γ-Mangostin alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by up-regulating SIRT3
Authors: Dong Xiaoping , Zhu Jiangfeng
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To determine the effect of γ-mangostin on myocardial ischemia (MI) -induced injury of myocardial cells, and the possible involvement of SIRT3 in myocardial cell apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).

Methods: Ischemic reperfusion (I/R) model of rat was established, followed by TTC staining. The serum levels of CK-MB and LDH were also assessed. In addition, inflammatory response and oxidative stress were evaluated by quantitative PCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while cell apoptosis was assessed using TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and western blot. The mechanism of action of γ-mangostin by which it mediated improvement in cardiac injury was investigated by ELISA and western blot.

Results: γ-Mangostin attenuated myocardial injury and reduced myocardial inflammation in I/R rats (p < 0.05). In addition, it alleviated oxidative stress in I/R rat myocardial tissues and suppressed apoptosis. Furthermore, γ-mangostin improved myocardial injury probably by targeting SIRT3 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: γ-Mangostin has potentials for use as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of myocardial I/R injury. However, there is a need for clinical trials on the compound.
Free-living marine nematode communities in Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (Rhizophoraceae) forest at Mida Creek, Kenya
Authors: Waweru Beth W. , Muthumbi Agnes W.N. , Vanreusel Ann , Wangondu Virginia , Mutua Amos
Published: March 2023

Nematodes are among the most abundant organisms in marine ecosystems where they play a critical role in nutrient cycling, provision of nourishment to the higher organisms in the food web, pest control, and act as disease-causing vectors. This study determined the abundance and community structure of nematodes in three plots of Rhizophora mucronata forest stand at Kirepwe Macho and Dabaso sites at Mida Creek, Kenya. Replicated sediment samples were randomly collected from one forest plot in Kirepwe Macho and two plots in Dabaso during the months of January and April 2011. Total organic matter, sand and silt proportions were not significantly different across the study sites and between January and April. A total of 90 and 81 nematode genera were encountered in the month of January and April, respectively. At both sampling times, the nematode community was dominated by Terschellingia (20.5 % - 15.3 %) and Paracomesoma (10.6 % - 6.6 %). The Shannon-Weiner diversity index was relatively high in the three forest plots both in January and April ranging from 2.76 to 3.40. There was no significant difference in nematode community assemblage within sites (p > 0.05, 0.901) but there were differences between sampling time (p > 0.05, 0.001). The results showed that the three sites had similar nematode community structure suggesting that the three Rhizophora mucronata mangrove forest plots did not differ in terms of nematode generic composition even though the plots were not all close to each other.
Seasonality of Fish Juvenile Community Structure and Diversity in a Tropical Seagrass Meadow of Watamu, Kenya
Authors: Mboga Alphine , Mwaluma James , Kigathi Rose , Okeyo Bernards , Ngisiange Noah , Olunga Jibril , Winder Monika , Kyewalyanga Margareth
Published: March 2023

Seagrass are important marine habitats that function as nursery grounds for juvenile fish. Human activities and other natural factors have contributed to their decline, and this has compromised their role as nurseries, specifically in non-continuous patchy seagrass beds. In this study, juvenile fish abundance from tropical seagrass beds of Watamu were examined, while testing the hypothesis that seagrass cover and seasonality influenced juvenile fish abundanceand diversity. Two sampling stations were identified, Watamu Blue Lagoon (WBL) and Watamu Beach (WB), based on seagrass cover, and were sampled for a period of 10 months that included two south-east monsoon (SEM) and two north-east monsoon (NEM) seasons. Monthly samples were collected by seining within the shallow seagrass habitats of WBL and WB. A total of 31 juvenile fish families were obtained, the dominant taxa being Lutjanidae and Siganidae. Seasonal and interannual variability in juvenile abundance was observed over the two years (p<0.05); year 1 recorded higher abundance than year 2, specifically during the SEM. In year 2 a higher mean abundance was recorded during the NEM when compared to the SEM. Chlorophyll a (p<0.05) and salinity (p<0.05) were found to significantly influence juvenile fish abundance.
Local perceptions, opportunities, and challenges of community-based ecotourism in Gazi Bay, Kenya
Authors: Runya Robert M. , Karani Nicholas J. , Muriuki Agnes , Maringa Donald M. , Kamau Anne W. , Ndomasi Nelly , Njagi Ken , Munga Cosmas , Okello Judith A.
Published: March 2023

Community Based Ecotourism (CBET) has the potential to both improve the conservation status of mangrove ecosystems and stimulate local economies. However, these ecotourism initiatives often fail due to a lack of active local participation, poor management and a lack of an appropriate benefit sharing scheme. This paper explores perceptions, opportunities and challenges of community mangrove-based ecotourism in Gazi Bay, Kenya. Data collected from household surveys, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used to examine local perceptions, challenges and opportunities with respect to their participation in ecotourism as a tool for mangrove conservation. The results obtained indicated that 81.4 % of the Gazi village community was aware of the ecotourism activities being undertaken in the area with 62.8 % acknowledging the socio-economic as well as the environmental impacts of the ecotourism activities. Also, 66.0 % of the local community identified cultural traditions and local skills possessed by the community as having the potential to promote sustainable ecotourism activities in the area. For the design and implementation of any ecotourism venture and the management of mangroves to be sustainable, including that undertaken by the Gazi community, this study recommends prioritising effective local participation and capacity building. In addition, private sector involvement is essential for the mobilisation of resources to further enhance the management and conservation of mangroves in the long-term. The results provide key insights needed not only to improve the design and management of community-led marine conservation initiatives but also for ensuring that optimal conservation benefits are achieved.
Analysis of Bioactive Content of White Turmeric Rhizome (Kaempferia rotunda) Growing In Central Kalimantan
Authors: Saputera Saputera , Ludang Yetri , Jaya Herry Palangka , Atikah Titin Apung
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the levels and components of essential oils between the rhizome and tuber parts of the white turmeric (Kaempferi rotunda) plant. Sampling of white turmeric was done purposively. The plant parts analyzed were the rhizome and tuber of white turmeric. The study was conducted in August 2021. Sampling of white turmeric was carried out in Hampatung Village, Kapuas Hilir District, Kapuas Regency. Laboratory studies were carried out in 3 places, namely the Laboratory of Chemical Technology for Forest Products, Department of Forestry, University of Palangka Raya, BPOM Laboratory of Palangka Raya City and the Test Laboratory of the Academy of Analytical Chemistry, Bogor Polytechnic. From the results of the analysis of white turmeric essential oil content in the rhizome (0.2969%). The results of GC-MS analysis of essential oils obtained from the rhizome showed 33 components and there were 4 main component compounds, namely Bornyl acetate (64.81%), Champhene (35.07%), Pentadecane (47.53%) and ethyl cinnamate (48.57%).
Old Myths in a New Story: Antoine de Saint-Éxupéry’s The Little Prince
Authors: Leimlehner Astrid B.
Published: March 2023

Antoine De Saint-Éxupéry’s The Little Prince, first published in 1943, is usually
thought to be just a children’s book teaching lessons of friendship and responsibility.
Going beyond this first impression, this paper explores narrative elements in the plot
like an individual’s origin in the stars, celestial journeys, the descent to earth and a
later ascent and return to one’s own star. Such passages, the paper will suggest,
resemble Plato’s (427–348/7 BCE) view of the heavens and can therefore be understood as
retelling tales about humans’ relationship to the sky. Coming from a depth psychological
approach, the term ‘myth’ will be used in the sense of an archetypal pattern describing
experiences that many, if not all, humans make in life. Accordingly, some passages of
the story will be related to Saint-Exupéry’s personality and biography.
Corrosion Behavior of Petroleum Pipeline Steel in the Sulfur Ion Enriched Solution with Quinoline
Authors: Li Shanjian , Cui Guotao , Wu Panfeng , Feng Yang
Published: March 2023

Localized corrosion is a serious, hazardous destroyer of steel petroleum pipelines meant for long-time use. However, previous studies on localized corrosion primarily focused on local corrosion morphology and corrosion rate of bulk metals because detecting the corrosion state of occlusive metals is difficult. Herein, we employ a simulating occluded battery unit to disclose the local corrosion behavior of the steel petroleum pipeline (N80 steel) in an occlusive S2–-enriched solution. After simulating localized corrosion in the S2–- containing corrosion solution using the occluded battery unit, the occlusive solution was acidified and the migration amount of S2– to the occluded area increased. Despite the increase of S2– concentration, the addition of quinoline corrosion inhibitor (0.8 wt%) still effectively impedes the corrosion of the occluded metal. Moderately raising the environmental temperature can stimulate the activity of the inhibitor and promote the inhibition effect. The quinoline corrosion inhibitor displays the maximum inhibition rate at an elevated temperature of 50°C. Meanwhile, a maximum over the temperature of 60°C-70°C will likely accelerate the failure of the inhibitor.
Spatial and Temporal Changes and Driving Factors of Desertification Around Qinghai Lake, China
Authors: Liu Q. G.
Published: March 2023

The area around Qinghai Lake is one of the most serious desertification areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In this paper, combined with field investigation and indoor analysis, the classification and grading system of desertification around Qinghai Lake was established. On this basis, through remote sensing data processing and parameter inversion, the desertification monitoring index model was established. Based on the analysis of Landsat-5/TM remote sensing data from 1990 to 2020, the dynamic change characteristics of desertification land around Qinghai Lake in recent 30 years were obtained. The results show that the desertification area around Qinghai Lake was 1,359.62 km2, of which the light desertification land was the main one. The desertification spread in a belt around Qinghai Lake, concentrated in Ketu sandy area in the east, Ganzi River sandy area in the northeast, Bird Island sandy area in the northwest, and Langmashe sandy area in the southeast. From 1990 to 2000, the annual expansion rate of desertification around Qinghai Lake was 2.68%, the desertification spread rapidly, and light desertification land was the main part of desertification expansion. From 2000 to 2010, the annual expansion rate of desertification was only 0.83%, but severe desertification land and moderate desertification land developed more rapidly than in the previous period. From 2010 to 2020, the annual expansion rate of desertification was 2.66%, and the desertification was spreading rapidly, mainly with moderate desertification land and light desertification land. In the process of desertification land transfer around Qinghai Lake, the transfer of desertification land and non-desertification land was the main, accompanied by the mutual transformation of different levels of desertification land. The process of desertification around Qinghai Lake was essentially the result of natural and human factors. The special geographical location, climate changes, rodent damage, and human factors around Qinghai Lake were the main causes of desertification.
Economic Valuation and Benefit Transfer of Restoring the Teesta Riverine Ecosystem
Authors: Tamang Pravesh
Published: March 2023

This study seeks to understand the socio-economic and ecological impacts of the hydroelectric power projects along the upper basin of the river Teesta in Sikkim. This study estimates the non-market benefits of restoring the Teesta riverine ecosystem and evaluates the transferability of welfare estimates. This study is a first of its kind undertaken in the Teesta basin which uses a unique dataset of 830 households obtained from the affected regions of the river basin. During the study, nine villages adjacent to the river Teesta, dams, and powerhouses were identified and surveyed. Double bounded dichotomous choice questions were used to elicit willingness to pay (WTP). Both the logistic and normal distribution models were fitted and the results were mostly similar. The median WTP was INR 373.00 and the variables that described the rating on dams, ownership of property, monthly expenditure of the household, informal employment status, and satisfaction about the state of the river Teesta were among the significant variables in the model. The benefit function value transfer estimated was INR 232.00 with the percentage transfer error (PTE) of 61.9%.
Algorithm for information protection in the auto-mated systems
Authors: Zhelyazova Velqna
Published: March 2023

This scientific report proposes Algorithm to protect information from unauthorized access (IPUA) in the automated systems (AS) with integrated procedures of analysis and synthesis. Currently, the insurance of the information safety (IS) in the automated systems for information processing in the management of different objects becomes a major importance. These objects include: telecommunication systems, banking systems, systems providing the work of the atom electro stations, systems for management of sea, air and land transport, systems for processing and storing of confidential and secret information [1, 2, and 9]. The high us-age of local, corporative and global networks with the appliance of open protocols for data transmission intensifies the problem with the information protection.
Information Retrieval Based Legal Search System
Authors: Chatterjee Nilotpal , Khan Inshal , Pagey Mrigank , Loiya Anant , Agrawal Avinash , Zadgaonkar Ashwini
Published: March 2023

Calculating the similarity between two legal documents to find similar legal judgments is an important challenge in legal information. Efficiently computing this similarity by expanding widely used information retrieval and search engine techniques has practical applications in a number of tasks, like locating pertinent prior cases for a specific case document. Programmed data recovery frameworks or reports are the main parts of today’s selected emotional support networks or web indexes to reduce data overload. Investigating methodologies to work on the presentation of report recovery frameworks and web search tools is a working area of research. Various methods have been pro- posed in this research paper to explore ways to search the common law system for cases with a similar outcome. Building a legal decision support system is intended to increase efficiency by assisting stakeholders—including judges and attorneys—in finding related rulings promptly. In order to prepare arguments, a lawyer typically has to review earlier decisions that are comparable to (or pertinent to) the current case. The attorney examines the judgement database to discover similar judgements. Legal rulings are complex in nature and refer to other judgments. For this, proper techniques are needed for quality analysis of judgments and correct deductions from them. A proper analysis of several types of similarity measures, such as all-term-based similarity methods, legal terms, co-citations, and bibliographic links, performed to look for comparable conclusions. According to experimental findings, the law term similarity approach outperforms all term cosine similarity methods. The out- comes also demonstrate that the co-citation approach performs worse than the bibliographic linkage similarity method and improves performance over the co-citation approach. After proper analysis of various methods in this field, proper comparison can be made between documents and similar legal documents can also be easily searched based on their similarity pattern and can be used to make meaningful deductions.
Optimised Cluster-based Approach for Healthcare Data Analytics
Authors: Amol Bhopale  , Sanskar Zanwar  , Aarya Balpande  , Jaweria Kazi
Published: March 2023

Data analytics is an intriguing study due to the fact that an enormous volume of healthcare data is being generated by different smart IOT-based health tracking devices, and the Artificial Intelligent-based applications. Data analytic tools and unsupervised techniques combinedly make it possible to find and comprehend hidden patterns in a dataset that may not be visible through simple data display. Grouping of voluminous data objects into homogenous clusters is a crucial operation in soft computing. Choosing the right clustering technique and the correct number of partitions to divide the healthcare data for effective analysis is complicated and challenging most of the time. This research work examines clustering approaches on the healthcare datasets with the optimum K-clusters, in order to perform the analysis of the data. In this work, the K-means clustering method is examined and the silhouette score is computed to estimate the optimal K-value and the quality of the cluster.
Novel Approach to Automatic Identification and Detection of Aquatic Animal Species
Authors: Pratik K.Agrawal  , Vaishnavi Kamdi  , Ishan Mittal  , Pranav Bobde  , Kashyap Amarsingh
Published: March 2023

Marine fisheries contribute greatly to the economic aspects of any country. India, having a coastline of almost 8000 KM, a surplus of fisheries potential could be estimated here. Because of this vast coastal area, active reporting of captured fishes is difficult through manual monitoring. Computer-aided approach is the best suitable option during the active season. This paper focuses on investigating an approach for identifying single as well as multiple aquatic animal species in a single image. Further a responsive web as well as mobile application are developed, in which the ML models are integrated. This will help users to access data as per their use. The method used YOLOv5n, a lightweight object detection algorithm, to detect these species. The trained model yielded mAP@0.5:0.95 intersection over union (IoU), and average precision (AP) for each species. The species’ AP varied as well. Few GFLOPs are used by YOLOv5n. This indicates that it is a scaled-down version capable of running on the 5.1 GFLOP Raspberry Pi 3B+. Despite employing substantially fewer GFLOPs, YOLOv5n outperformed Faster R-CNN.
Optical Cup and Disc Segmentation using Deep Learning Technique for Glaucoma Detection
Authors: Parkhi Priya , Hambarde Bhagyashree Hambarde
Published: March 2023

The optic nerve damaging condition called Glaucoma. This disease is increment at an alarming rate. By the end of the 2044 there is possibility that across 111.8 million populations will be influenced by glaucoma. It is a neurodegenerative disease. If intravascular pressure is increases, optic nerve of the eye gets damage. This damage may cause permanent or total blindness in person. The Glaucoma is examined by an experienced ophthalmologist on the retinal part of the eye. This process required excessive equipment, experienced medical practitioners and also it take more time to work out manually. After considering this problem there is an extreme requirement of developing an automatic system which will effectively and automatically work properly in lack of any professional doctor and it should also take less time. Lots of different parameters are available to detect glaucoma but thebest parameter is to find out optical cup-to-disc-ratio. To increase or to enhance the precision and accuracy of the result, cup to disc value is needed to find CDR value. In order to detect glaucoma, automatic separation of the OC and DC is very essential to avoid any error. We use deeplabv3 architecture to perform segmentation of optic disc and cup and classification is done using ensemble machine learning. This proposes research achieve intersection over union (IOU) scores, 0.9423 for optic disc and 0.9310 for optic cup. We perform testing on globally accessible data-sets i.e. DRISHTI, ORIGA, and RIMONE with accuracy of 93%, 91% and 92% respectively
PlagCheck: An efficient way to identify Plagiarism using BERT
Authors: Kanak Kalyani  , Abhiyant Gwalani  , Varun Kalbhore  , Shreya Rai
Published: March 2023

Plagiarism is stealing someone’s ideas and presenting them as yours. University students’ use of plagiarism is a serious problem that compromises their preparation and the university’s attempts to produce qualified graduates. Universities attempt to combat this issue with strong ethics regulations, but in order to put these policies into effect; they need the appropriate plagiarism detection tools at reasonable prices. In this article, we introduce PlagCheck, a high-volume, quick, and affordable plagiarism detection system created using the word embeddingsmodel and intended for use on text-based student assignments (essays, theses, homework). We go over the benefits of this approach in terms of cost, accuracy, and speed. This software will help educators and reduce their workload by helping them check plagiarism for each student’s assignment quickly and efficiently.
An Optimized Deep Learning Model with Feature Fusion for Brain Tumor Detection
Authors: Patil Suraj , Dnyaneshwar Kirange
Published: March 2023

The automatic detection of brain tumor from large volumes of MRI images using deep learning is a issue that necessitates substantial computing resources. So,in this study, a brain tumor detection framework using feature fusion from optimized shallow and deep learning models is proposed that efficiently detects different types of tumors. The human brain is a 3D object and the intensity of abnormal tissue varies as per location. As a result, incorporating surrounding tissue into tumor region can help to discriminate between the type of tumor and its severity. To extract deep characteristics from tumor region and adjacent tissues, deep models such as Inception-V3 is employed using transfer learning. Deep features are especially important in tumour detection, however as the network size grows, certain low-level insights about tumor are lost. As a result, a novel optimized shallow model is designed to extract low-level features. To overcome this limitation of information loss, deep and shallow features are fused. Our extensive simulation and experiment done on a publicly available benchmark dataset shows that an optimized hybrid deep learning model with ROI expansion improves tumor detection accuracy by 9\%. These findings support the theory that the tissues adjacent to the tumor contain unique information and feature fusion compensates for information loss.
Intelligent Life Saver System for People Living in Earthquake Zone
Authors: Yogesh Thakare  , Wankhade Utkarsha , Kasturiwale Hemant
Published: March 2023

Natural calamities are the major challenged in front of any counties. Calamities are produced either natural or manmade, such as earthquakes, wild-fires, floods and terrorist attacks etc. Earthquakes mean destruction which not only hampers human but also animals. After the occurrence of earthquakes infrastructure damaged becomes the major issues. Buildings, bridges and houses collapse due to earthquake. Under this debris many people or animals bury. A timely detection and rescue can only save the people who are buried and wounded. Several methods are exits to detect and rescue the human buried under the rubble which are comes in action after the occurring of natural calamities. The propose system is quite different as compared with the existing system. It is already mounted in a buildings or houses nearby in earthquake zones. The advantage of this system is to minimize time require in detecting and rescuing the victim affected buried under the rubble.
El aprendizaje colaborativo como estrategia didáctica para la aplicación de la gamificación en el aula de clases
Authors: Alcívar Rivadeneira María Katiuska , Chancay Cedeño Carlos Humberto
Published: March 2023

Los docentes que actualmente utilizan métodos tradicionales de enseñanza centrados en el docente encuentran diversas dificultades al tratar con la nueva generación de estudiantes. Se necesitan nuevos enfoques de aprendizaje que permitan a los estudiantes enfocarse en una actitud más positiva en su aprendizaje. En este artículo, se describe las diferentes perspectivas sobre las evaluaciones y actividades basadas en el aprendizaje colaborativo y la gamificación para desarrollar en los estudiantes actitudes más positivas y crear un ambiente agradable en el aula. En este estudio, se experimentó con la integración y la naturaleza del aprendizaje colaborativo y la gamificación para producir una pedagogía diferente a las tradicionales. También se trata de diseñar actividades de diferentes niveles de complejidad, a través de una serie de pasos que pueden integrar diferentes métodos de aprendizaje para involucrar a los estudiantes de una manera más positiva y hacerlos parte de un grupo, como sugiere el aprendizaje colaborativo. Este estudio de caso puede ayudar a reflexionar sobre los métodos de enseñanza utilizados en el aula y probar formatos nuevos e interesantes para mejorar y ajustar el liderazgo del equipo, ideas para presentaciones teóricas, actividades prácticas y la consideración de nuevos métodos de evaluación para mejorar el rendimiento escolar.
Total hip replacement in the acute management of acetabular fractures
Authors: J.K Giriraj Harshavardhan
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Purpose of this article is to assess the outcome of total hip replacement in the management of selected Acetabular fractures in specific cases within 3 weeks after injury. Methods: Prospective study of twenty patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty for acute Acetabular fractures. The study was done in Sri Ramachandra Medical College during the period Jan 2010 to Jan 2014. The inclusion criteria were acetabulum fractures associated with femoral neck fracture, neglected dislocation of the hip, marked impaction of femoral head or acetabulum and severe comminution of femoral head. The mean age was 61 years (range 50 to 71 years) and mean duration between injury and presentation was 6 days. The mean duration between injury and surgery was 12 days (range 2 to 21 days). Patients were followed up by serial X-rays and Harris Hip Score. Results: In our series of primary total hip replacement for acute acetabular fractures we had 75% excellent/good results, 20% fair resulta and 5% poor results. Mean Harris Hip Score – 81 (Range 68 to 92) Conclusion: Primary total hip replacement is a reasonable method of treatment of selected acetabular fractures in the acute phase in specific cases. Outcomes may not be as good as total hip replacement done for other conditions.
Th e eff ect of mineralized bone matrix on reparative osteogenesis
Authors: М. Iryanov Yuri
Published: March 2023

Background: The development and experimental-and-clinical evaluation of osteoplastic implantation materials one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. The purpose of the present work consists in studying the characteristics of reparative osteogenesis for filling bone defect under implantation of the allogenic mineralized bone matrix (MBM). Materials and Methods: The special features of reparative osteogenesis for implantation of granulated MBM obtained without thermal and demineralizing treatment into a tibial defect have been studied experimentally in 50 Wistar rats using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray electron-probe microanalysis, and histological techniques