bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FDA’s new pharmaceutical quality initiative: Knowledge-aided assessment & structured applications
Authors: Govani Palak , Bahekar Krupa , Movaliya Vinit , Vaghela Khushboo , Kanki Niranjan , Deshpande Shrikalp , Zaveri Maitreyi
Published: January 2023

This review paper is about FDA’s new pharmaceutical quality initiative: Knowledge-aided assessment & structured applications (KASA). The aim of USFDA is Timely development, assessment, and approval of safe and effective drugs is pivotal for assuring the American public has access to quality medicines. At present, the new drug and generic quality assessment is performed using a written narrative. To modernize the assessment of drug applications, a KASA system has been initiated. KASA could become a system that captures and manages information about a drug product including risk identification, mitigation and communication, and control strategy. It does this through a structured IT framework that could completely replace the current unstructured text-based, narrative assessment.
Effects of Various Emulsifying Agent and Permeability Enhancer on Percutaneous Absorption of Novel Microemulsion-Based Cream
Authors: Borasi Priyanka , Bundela Ragini , Chaturvedi Mohit , Jain Sourabh , Shukla Karunakar
Published: January 2023

Terbinafine hydrochloride is an antifungal drug used in the treatment of fungal infections. The oral use of terbinafine hydrochloride is not recommended as it has many potential side effects and undergoes hepatic first pass metabolism. Topical route of application has a great potential as an effective and safe way to administer drug for its antifungal in effect. The concentration of surfactant and permeation enhancer significantly affects the critical parameters of cream formulation like flux, cumulative amount released at 12 hours and enhancement ratio. In vitro permeation study across rat epidermal membrane showed that menthol enhanced the transdermal absorption of drug from cream formulation. The topical cream formulation developed in this study holds the promise for the further in vivo studies. The aim of the present work under investigation is to check the effects of emulsifying agents (Cremophor RH40, Tween 60) and permeation enhancers (l-Menthol) on cream. Developing a formulation that is safe and can deliver the drug locally in an effective concentration for its effect. The development of topical antifungal drug delivery systems designed to have localized effects appears to be very advisable and beneficial over conventional routes of provides the drug administration. However, due to the relative impermeability of the stratum corneum, which principal resistance to percutaneous absorption, extensive studies are generally necessary in order to optimize both the release of the drug from the topical vehicle and skin permeation further, A topical formulation must be  both physically and chemically stable, this require numerous excipients. Aesthetically pleasing, in addition to being properties, hence they play emulsifying agents and permeation enhancers have major influence on these important role.

Keywords: Emulsifying agents, Permeation enhancers, Stratum corneum, Antifungal, Topical cream
Objective trajectories in hybrid classical-quantum dynamics
Authors: Oppenheim Jonathan , Sparaciari Carlo , Šoda Barbara , Weller-Davies Zachary
Published: January 2023

Consistent dynamics which couples classical and quantum degrees of freedom exists, provided it is stochastic. This dynamics is linear in the hybrid state, completely positive and trace preserving. One application of this is to study the back-reaction of quantum fields on space-time which does not suffer from the pathologies of the semi-classical equations. Here we introduce several toy models in which to study hybrid classical-quantum evolution, including a qubit coupled to a particle in a potential, and a quantum harmonic oscillator coupled to a classical one. We present an unravelling approach to calculate the dynamics, and provide code to numerically simulate it. Unlike the purely quantum case, the trajectories (or histories) of this unravelling can be unique, conditioned on the classical degrees of freedom for discrete realisations of the dynamics, when different jumps in the classical degrees of freedom are accompanied by the action of unique operators on the quantum system. As a result, the “measurement postulate'' of quantum theory is not needed; quantum systems become classical because they interact with a fundamentally classical field.
Strategi pemasaran melalui media sosial dalam mempertahankan tingkat hunian hotel bali hai tide beach resort selama masa pandemi (covid – 19)
Authors: Pastika I Putu Dede Adi
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan implikasi COVID – 19 terhadap tingkat hunian hotel di Bali Hai Tide Beach Resort, dan untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran melalui media sosial dalam meningkatkan hunian hotel di Bali Hai Tide Beach Resort selama masa Pandemi COVID – 19 ini. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa saat ini dampak dari penyebaran corona virus atau COVID – 19 ini sangat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan hotel dimana tingkat hunian kamar terlihat semua kamar yang tidak ada pengunjungnya dan hotel tutup. Dengan terjadinya pandemic COVID – 19 ini merubah segala hal termasuk budaya masyarakat. Masyarakat saat ini lebih memilih berinteraksi melalui media sosial karena beberapa himbauan dari pemerintah yang melarang berinteraksi secara langsung. Bali Hai Tide Beach Resort memanfaatkan tren tersebut dengan melakukan promosi menggunakan digital marketing, salah satunya adalah melalui media sosial. Hal ini secara tidak langsung dapat menunjang strategi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh hotel. Hal ini juga diperkuat dengan pernyataan staf sales marketing yang menyebutkan bahwa disaat ini, aktifitas promosi yang dapat dioptimalkan hanya berupa promosi melalui media sosial.
 
The purpose of this study is to: describe the implications of COVID-19 on hotel occupancy rates at Bali Hai Tide Beach Resort, and to find out marketing strategies through social media in increasing hotel occupancy at Bali Hai Tide Beach Resort during the COVID-19 pandemic. It can be concluded that currently the impact of the spread of the corona virus or COVID-19 has a significant effect on hotel revenues where the room occupancy rate is seen in all rooms that have no visitors and the hotel is closed. With the COVID-19 pandemic, everything has changed, including the culture of society. People currently prefer to interact through social media because of several appeals from the government that prohibit direct interaction. Bali Hai Tide Beach Resort takes advantage of this trend by promoting using digital marketing, one of which is through social media. This can indirectly support the marketing strategy carried out by the hotel. This is also reinforced by the statement of the sales marketing staff who stated that currently, promotional activities that can be optimized are only in the form of promotions through social media.
Kualitas tortilla gluten free berbahan dasar oat
Authors: Muzaki Alvian
Published: January 2023

Tortilla adalah salah satu jenis flatbread yang terbuat dari tepung terigu, baking powder, garam, oil dan air hangat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas tortilla gluten free dengan menggunakan oat. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan pada penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif, kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimental dan teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan secara observasi juga kuesioner. Dalam menentukan kualitas dari tortilla gluten free berbahan dasar oat dinilai dengan menggunakan teknik uji organoleptik yang diujikan kepada 30 responden yang mendapatkan hasil penelitian bahwa tortilla gluten free berbahan dasar 100% oat (P1) memiliki kualitas keunggulan dibagian tekstur yang renyah. Dalam aspek rasa dan aroma, tortilla berbahan dasar oat atau tepung terigu memiliki keunggulannya masing masing dari setiap responden.
 
Tortillas are a type of flatbread made from wheat flour, baking powder, salt, oil and warm water. The goal of the study was to find out the quality of gluten-free tortillas using oats. The research methods applied to this study are qualitative, quantitative research methods with experimental types of research and data collection techniques conducted by observation as well as questionnaires. In determining the quality of the oat-based gluten free tortillas assessed using organoleptic test techniques tested to 30 respondents who got the results of research that gluten free tortillas made from 100% oats (P1) have a quality of excellence in the crisp texture. In terms of taste and aroma, oat-based tortillas or wheat flour have their own advantages from each respondent.
Studi terhadap Penerapan Metode al-Hira’ dalam Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an di Kota Subulussalam
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Juraidah Juraidah
Published: January 2023

Al-Qur'an learning methods have been improving from time to time, and various methods have been applied in many Al-Qur'an learning institutions, one of which is the Al-Hira' method. As the newest method, Al-Hira has been quickly used in a number of Al-Quran learning institutions (TPA) in Subulussalam. The questions posed in this paper are related to the application of the Al-Hira learning method and the constraints involved in applying the method. This study is field research; data collection is done through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the Al-Hira' method was used because of its advantages, including the ease in preparing teaching and learning materials, as well as the ease in teaching students. However, teachers use different ways of implementing the method, including modeling and giving direct examples like reading the Qur'an first and then having students repeat it. In terms of constraints, facilities, environment, funding sources, human resources, parental participation, and students' backgrounds such as education, economy, and social status, there are several factors that influence the application of the Al-Hira' learning method.Abstrak: Metode pembelajaran Al-Qur'an semakin meningkat dari waktu ke waktu, dan berbagai metode telah diterapkan di banyak lembaga pembelajaran Al-Qur'an, salah satunya adalah metode Al-Hira'. Sebagai metode terbaru, Al-Hira telah digunakan dengan cepat di sejumlah lembaga pembelajaran Al-Quran (TPA) di Subulussalam. Pertanyaan yang diajukan dalam tulisan ini terkait dengan penerapan metode pembelajaran Al-Hira dan kendala dalam penerapan metode tersebut. Kajian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Al-Hira’ digunakan karena kelebihannya, antara lain kemudahan dalam menyusun bahan ajar dan pembelajaran, serta kemudahan dalam mengajar siswa. Namun, guru menggunakan cara yang berbeda dalam menerapkan metode termasuk pemodelan seperti memberikan contoh langsung: membaca Al-Qur'an terlebih dahulu kemudian membuat siswa mengulanginya. Dari sisi kendala, fasilitas, lingkungan, sumber dana, sumber daya manusia, peran serta orang tua, dan latar belakang peserta didik seperti pendidikan, ekonomi, dan status sosial, menjadi beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan metode pembelajaran Al-Hira’.
ANALISIS TERHADAP KONSEPTUALISASI OMNIBUS LAW SEBAGAI UPAYA PENYELESAIAN MASALAH REGULASI HUKUM DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 15 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN
Authors: Pando Pando , Kosariza Kosariza
Published: January 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis konseptualisasi Omnibus Law sebagai upaya penyelesaian masalah regulasi hukum di Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan dan 2) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis ketepatan konsep Omnibus Law sebagai upaya penyelesaian masalah regulasi hukum di Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Penelitian ini adalah bersifat yuridis normative dengan pendekatan Perundang-Undangan (Statuta approach). Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Konseptualisasi Omnibus Law sebagai upaya penyelesaian masalah regulasi hukum di Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan adalah suatu konsep hukum yang menitikberatkan pada penyederhanaan jumlah regulasi karena sifatnya yang merevisi dan mencabut banyak Undang-Undang sekaligus. Akan tetapi, dalam penerapannya konseptualisasi Omnibus Law ini membutuhkan prinsip partisipasi, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas. Sehingga Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan perlu direvisi kembali. 2) Konsep Omnibus Law sebagai upaya penyelesaian masalah regulasi hukum di Indonesia belum diatur secara jelas dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan, maka konsep omnibus law bisa mengarah sebagai Undang-Undang Payung karena mengatur secara menyeluruh dan kemudian mempunyai kekuatan terhadap aturan yang lain. Akan tetapi, konsep Omnibus Law ini dianggap kurang tepat dan menimbulkan polemic karena adanya anggapan bahwa landasan sosiologis dalam pembentukan konsep Omnibus Law terkesan dibuat-buat dan tidak menggambarkan kebutuhan masyarakat yang sebenarnya.

 

Kata Kunci : Konseptualisasi, Omnibus Law, Regulasi Hukum
KEDUDUKAN DEWAN PENGAWAS KOMISI PEMBERANTASAN KORUPSI BERDASARKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN
Authors: Halim Pranata Taufik , Zarkasi A
Published: January 2023

Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 Tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Pada Pasal 21 ayat (1) membentuk satu organ baru dalam struktur lembaga KPK dengan dibentuknya Dewan Pengawas KPK. Kewenangan Dewan Pengawas yang meliputi wewenang memberikan izin penyadapan, penggeledahan dan/atau penyitaan, yang sebelumnya menjadi kewenangan lembaga yudikatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yuridis normatif diketahui bahwa Dewan Pengawas KPK merupakan Pengawas Internal sebagai perwujudan dari fungsi check and balances internal kelembagaan KPK. Keberadaan Dewan Pengawas KPK sendiri menimbulkan beberapa implikasi hukum dalam sistem kelembagaan negara Indonesia: pertama, implikasi terhadap Pimpinan dan Penyidik KPK; kedua, implikasi terhadap pengawasan Lembaga Kehakiman; ketiga, implikasi terhadap Independensi Kelembagaan KPK. Sehingga dengan diberlakukannya Undang-undang KPK yang baru terdapat beberapa kerancuan yang menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum, maka diperlukan untuk membuat penyesuaian aturan-aturan yang berlaku, agar dapat menghindari berbagai ketidakpastian hukum.
PENEMPATAN JABATAN APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA BERDASARKAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 11 TAHUN2017 TENTANG MANAJEMEN PEGAWAINEGERI SIPIL
Authors: Diana Putri , Syamsir Syamsir
Published: January 2023

Artikel ini berisi mengenai mekanisme penempatan asn
Nilai Islam dalam Budaya Masyarakat Majmuk Melalui Siri Animasi Upin dan Ipin
Authors: Hj Siren Norrodzoh@Nor Raudah , Abdullah Siti Aisyah Yap , Mansor Nurul Husna
Published: January 2023

Islamic values ​​in culture show the height and thinking of the community in carrying out the journey of life in a diverse group of races and religions. Based on the Qur'an and Sunnah as the main reference, it has explained some Islamic values ​​that need to be followed, namely basic values ​​(creed), core values ​​(Shariah) and main values ​​(morality) and delivery that is appropriate to the state of society as an additional value or development in cultural value education. Therefore, this article aims to analyse the values ​​of Islam in the culture found in those values. While the methodology for this qualitative study is to use library research and data content analysis from animated films watched. The results of the study found that the animated series Upin and Ipin have all four of those values ​​in the culture of a pluralistic society without having to separate Islamic beliefs in life together with non-Muslim societies. The content of the animated film also shows the harmonious reality of life and mutual respect among races and religions as indicated in the documentation of the Malaysian constitution.
Regrowth of Dwarf Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) Treated with Nitrogen Fertilizer in its Initial Development
Authors: Wahyu Baso , Mustaring  , Basri Moh.
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pengaruh perlakuan awal pemupukan nitrogen terhadap pertumbuhan kembali rumput Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott pada penelitian terdahulu pada tahun 2018 setelah tanam dan mengalami 5 kali pemangkasan berulang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama dua bulan, di Kebun Koleksi dan Pengembangan Tanaman Hijauan Makanan Ternak milik CV. Sandtya Saryamkusuma, di Desa Loru Kecamatan Sigi Biromaru, Kabupaten Sigi, Sulawesi Tengah. Perlakuan pemberian pupuk nitrogen dengan dosis berbeda yakni: 0; 50; 100; dan 150 kg N/ha, setara berturut-turut 0 kg/ha; 10,87 kg/ha; 21,74 kg/ha dan 32,61 kg/ha dengan 5 kali ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 20 unit percobaan yang diatur dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Variabel yang diamati meliputi; tinggi tanaman, panjang helaian daun, lebar helaian daun, panjang pelepah daun dan jumlah anakan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dengan program STAT-27. Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan  perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0,05) terhadap masing-masing parameter. Disimpulkan bahwa; i) sudah tidak ada residu pupuk dari pemupukan pada penelitian terdahulu atau perbedaan residu yang ada antar perlakuan sudah tidak mampu memicu perbedaan pertumbuhan kembali tanaman percobaan; dan ii) pemupukan nitrogen diperlukan untuk mengembalikan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dari rumput gajah mini pada kondisi lokasi penelitian ini.
Penghentian Penyidikan Kasus Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas di Polres Boyolali
Authors: Elsa Ananda Putri  , Suciyani
Published: January 2023

Traffic accidents are caused by human error and negligence.  Traffic accidents that can harm property or the lives of others caused by human factors, vehicles, roads and the environment as well as weather factors.  Traffic accidents that result in the death of the victim must be subject to legal proceedings according to applicable law starting from an investigation by the police, prosecution by the prosecutor's office and the court by the court to obtain a decision, but in practice investigators can stop the legal process.  This research is classified as a qualitative research, namely by processing primary data obtained by the parties concerned with cases of traffic accidents that cause the loss of other people's lives, as well as data that are considered important which are generated by direct interviews at the research location.  The conclusion in this study is that the process of stopping the investigation carried out by the police at the Boyolali Police can reflect a sense of justice between the suspect's family and the victim's family which was carried out with family deliberation so that they were given the opportunity to express their opinions and desire to find good solutions to the problems faced by both parties.  party.  Islam places peace/islah as an alternative in resolving criminal cases, as long as the case has not yet reached the hands of the judge.  This principle can be realized by resolving criminal cases with peace at the level of investigation.
Efficacy of Intrathecal Methotrexate in Children with High-risk Medulloblastoma over 3 years: A retrospective study from a single center
Authors: Chang Jian , Zhang Yu-Tong , Wang Yu , zhong xiaodan
Published: January 2023

Background To evaluate the therapeutic benefits and side
effects (especially leukoencephalopathy) of intrathecal methotrexate
(MTX) in children aged over three years old with high-risk
medulloblastoma (MB). Methods In the present retrospective
study, patients who received intrathecal MTX during chemotherapy were
classified as MTX group, while those receiving cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
cytology analysis only were recruited in control group. Results
Among the 46 MB patients, 32 were classified in MTX group, whereas 14 in
control group. For those 32 patients in MTX group, 27 (84.38%) had
metastatic disease, 3 (9.38%) had diffuse anaplasia, and 3 (9.38%) had
residual disease greater than 1.5 cm . Molecular
subgroup classification was available in 28 (87.5%) patients. Of those
14 patients in control group, 8 (57.14%) had metastatic disease, 3
(27.27%) had diffuse anaplasia, and 6 (42.86%) had residual disease
greater than 1.5 cm . Molecular subgroup
classification was available in 6 (42.86%) patients. The 5-year
progression-free survival (PFS) was 70.99% (95% CI, 58.22%-90.42%)
and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 72.99% (95% CI, 60.41%-93.06%)
for MTX group, while those were 41.67% (95% CI, 17.93%-66.92%) and
50% (95% CI, 27.88%-77.14%) for control group, separately. Among the
32 patients in MTX group, 6 (18.75%) with group 4 disease developed
MTX-related acute leukoencephalopathy and one of them died.
Conclusions Intrathecal MTX improves the 5-year PFS and OS for
children with high-risk MB. However, intrathecal MTX is not recommended
for patients with group 4 MB due to the high risk of acute
leukoencephalopathy.
LA-ICP-MS analysis reveals differences in chemotherapeutic drug distribution in surgically resected pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Tisza Anna , Klikovits Thomas , Torok Szilvia , Szeitz Beata , Valko Zsuzsanna , Megyesfalvi Zsolt , Hoda Mir , Hegedus Balazs , Bonta Maximilian , Nischkauer Winfried , Hoetzenecker Konrad , Limbeck Andreas , Schelch Karin , Laszlo Viktoria , Dome Balazs
Published: January 2023

Background and Purpose: Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a highly aggressive
thoracic tumor with poor prognosis. Although reduced tissue drug
accumulation is one of the key features of platinum (Pt) resistance,
little is known about Pt distribution in human PM. Experimental
Approach: We assessed Pt levels of blood samples and surgically resected
specimens from 25 PM patients who had received neoadjuvant Pt-based
chemotherapy (CHT). Pt levels and tissue distributions were measured by
laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)
and correlated with clinicopathological features. Key Results: In
surgically resected PM specimens, mean Pt levels were significantly
higher in the non-tumorous (fibrotic) areas (vs. tumorous regions,
p<0.001). No major heterogeneity of Pt distribution was seen
within the tumorous areas. Pt levels correlated neither with microvessel
area (MVA) nor with apoptosis rate in the tumorous or in the
non-tumorous regions. A significant positive correlation was found
between serum and both full tissue section and tumorous area average Pt
levels (r=0.415, p=0.039 and r=0.532, p=0.006, respectively).
Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was detected between
serum Pt concentrations and elapsed time from the last cycle of CHT
(r=-0.474, p=0.017). Serum Pt levels correlated negatively with overall
survival (OS) (p=0.029). Conclusion and Implications: There are major
differences in the drug distribution between tumorous and non-tumorous
areas of PM specimens. Serum Pt levels significantly correlate with full
section- and tumorous areas average Pt levels, elapsed time from the
last CHT cycle, and OS. Further studies investigating
clinicopathological factors that modulate tissue Pt concentration and
distribution are warranted.
Effect of Elderly Care Policy Transition: Focusing on the Impact of Customized Care Services for the Elderly on Life Satisfaction
Authors:   Korean Academy of Integrated Care Management, Cho Hye-JIN , Lee Jun-Young
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to determine whether customized elderly care services implemented in 2020 to support lives of the elderly with mild dementia had intended effects on service users. A survey of elderly people who had used customized elderly care services for at least 18 months was carried out in 25 districts of Seoul, the capital city of Republic of Korea. Using structural modeling, this study confirmed the impact of support-type and participation-type customized care services for the elderly on life satisfaction, which included activities of daily living, social network, and self-care as dual mediation variables. Results revealed that the support-type service had an impact on life satisfaction via the mediation of activities of daily living and social network as well as via the dual mediation of self-care. The elderly’s activities of daily living and social network had a positive impact on self-care, with self-care having a positive impact on life satisfaction. The most important variable influencing life satisfaction was discovered to be social network, followed by support-type service, activities of daily living, and self-care. The social network variable in particular was found to have the greatest influence on self-care. However, the use of participation-type services had no direct or indirect impact. It had no significant mediation impacts on activities of daily living, social network, self-care, or life satisfaction either. These findings might be attributed to limited contact activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic, sub-level program characteristics, and implementation errors. Based on these findings, practical policy recommendations are made to ensure that customized elderly care services can be established as an effective elderly care community service as originally intended.
Impact of Gender Inequality on Long-Term Economic Growth in Mongolia
Authors: Begzsuren Tsolmon , Gungaa Bumchimeg , Magee Declan
Published: January 2023

This paper estimates how eliminating gender inequality at work and at home in Mongolia would boost the country’s economic growth and sets out policy recommendations. Increasing the participation of women in the labor force can help boost overall economic growth in Mongolia, where the participation rate for working-age women is 53.4%, compared to 68.3% for men. The coronavirus disease pandemic is expected to have worsened this gender gap. Asian Development Bank estimates show that eliminating gender inequality at work and at home would increase female labor force participation in Mongolia to 63.2%, which would boost the annual per capita economic growth rate by 0.5 percentage points.
Identification of genetic variation influencing metformin response in a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP)
Authors: Li Josephine , Perry James A. , Jablonski Kathleen A. , Srinivasan Shylaja , Chen Ling , Todd Jennifer N. , Harden Maegan , Mercader Josep M. , Pan Qing , Dawed Adem Y. , Yee Sook Wah , Pearson Ewan R. , Giacomini Kathleen M. , Giri Ayush , Hung Adriana M. , Xiao Shujie , Williams L. Keoki , Franks Paul W. , Hanson Robert L. , Kahn Steven E. , Knowler William C. , Pollin Toni I. , Florez Jose C. , Group Diabetes Prevention Program Research
Published: January 2023

Genome-wide significant loci for metformin response in type 2 diabetes reported elsewhere have not replicated in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). To assess pharmacogenetic interactions in pre-diabetes, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the DPP. Cox proportional hazards models tested associations with diabetes incidence in metformin (MET, n=876) and placebo (PBO, n=887) arms. Multiple linear regression assessed association with one-year change in metformin-related quantitative traits, adjusted for baseline trait, age, sex, and 10 ancestry principal components. We tested for gene-by-treatment interaction. No significant associations emerged for diabetes incidence. We identified four genome-wide significant variants after correcting for correlated traits (p<9×10-9). In MET, rs144322333 near ENOSF1 (minor allele frequency [MAF]AFR=0.07, MAFEUR=0.002) was associated with an increase in % glycated hemoglobin (per minor allele β=0.39 [95% CI 0.28, 0.50], p=2.8×10-12). Rs145591055 near OMSR (MAF=0.10 in American Indians), was associated with weight loss (kg) (per G allele β=-7.55 [95% CI -9.88, -5.22], p=3.2×10-10) in MET. Neither variant was significant in PBO; gene-by-treatment interaction was significant for both variants (p(G×T)<1.0×10-4). Replication in individuals with diabetes did not yield significant findings. A GWAS for metformin response in pre-diabetes revealed novel ethnic-specific associations that require further investigation but may have implications for tailored therapy.

 
Cu-Au core-shell nanostructures induced by ArF excimer laser irradiation
Authors: Mansouri Fariba , Panahibakhsh Somayeh , Nikoufard Mahmoud
Published: January 2023

In this paper, Cu-Au nanospherical structures were formed on glass surfaces by nanosecond UV laser irradiation. ArF laser pulses (193 nm wavelength, 15 ns time duration) were used for the experiments. Cu-Au bimetallic thin-film sample surfaces are structured under ArF excimer laser irradiation during the ablation process. Laser irradiation experiments were carried out using different laser fluences, the number of pulses, and focusing optics. Morphology of the irradiated surfaces and images of the nanostructures were obtained by the scanning electron microscopy method. Also, the optical and plasmonic behaviors of the nanostructures were collected by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Elemental composition and its spatial distribution were obtained using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and mapping. EDS mapping shows that bimetallic nanospheres have a core-shell structure. Our results show that different laser irradiation parameters change the nanostructures’ composition, size, distribution, morphology, and optical properties. Cu-Au nanospherical structures can be used for nano-biosensing, catalysis, and enhanced spectroscopy applications.
Laser welding of different pure copper materials under consideration of shielding gas influence and impact on quality relevant surface topographical features
Authors: Will Thomas , Kohl Jannis , Hoelbling Claudio , Müller Lars , Schmidt Michael
Published: January 2023

The high demand for electronic products increases the need for high-quality welds of copper. Laser welding can be applied but may result in undesired weld characteristics such as humping or spatter. Process control is needed to identify defective welds in the production line. Surface topographical features can be used to identify different weld characteristics by optical coherence tomography (OCT). The resulting surface topography of a weld can be influenced by process parameters like its material properties or the application of process gas. In this work, we investigate the influence of different pure copper materials and process gas on weld seam surface features for the classification of quality-relevant weld characteristics. First, the resulting changes in weld depth and metallographic cross sections are qualitatively and quantitively characterized for different pure copper materials under the consideration of weld categories such as melt ejection, deep penetration welding, humping, and heat conduction welding with and without the application of shielding gas. Afterward, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of weld surface features is performed for the beforementioned categories under consideration of the copper material and shielding gas. As a result, an influence on the achievable weld depth could be identified for pure copper with residual phosphor content. No significant changes in surface topographical features could be identified for different material properties of copper. The influence of shielding gas and pure copper material is found to be negligible on surface topographical characteristics for process control.
Peningkatan Spatial Thinking Skills Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Geografi melalui Metode Demonstrasi Berpendekatan Kontekstual
Authors: Astawa Ida Bagus Made
Published: January 2023

Kurang menariknya pembelajaran geografi menyebabkan rendahnya Spatial thinking skills siswa. Berkenaan dengan itu dilakukan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan tujuan meningkatkan Spatial thinking skills siswa melalui penerapan metode demonstrasi berpendekatan kontekstual. Tindakan kelas dilakukan dalam dua siklus, masing-masing terdiri dari empat langkah (perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi). Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, observasi, dan tes, selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan metode demonstrasi berpendekatan kontekstual dalam pembelajaran geografi dapat meningkatkan Spatial thinking skills siswa dari 20.26/rendah (kondisi awal) menjadi 29.30/sedang (siklus 1), dan 36.56/tinggi (siklus 2). Hal itu didukung oleh peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa dari 25% (siklus 1) menjadi 85% (siklus 2) dan hasil belajar siswa dari rata-rata 67.30 (siklus 1) menjadi 75.87 (siklus 2). Dengan demikian berarti metode demonstrasi berpendekatan kontekstual dapat meningkatkan Spatial thinking skills siswa dalam pembelajaran geografi sejalan dengan aktivitas dan hasil belajarnya. Keberhasilan pengimplementasian metode demonstrasi berpendakatan kontektual dalam PTK ini adalah melalui upaya menumbuhkan motivasi dan kesiapan siswa untuk belajar sehingga pemikiran kritisnya dapat ditumbuhkan dalam menguasai Spatial thinking skills dalam pembelajaran geografi.
Metode Drill untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Penjasorkes pada Siswa Kelas VI SD
Authors: Mardiana I Nyoman
Published: January 2023

Minat siswa terhadap materi pembelajaran senam lantai guling belakang kurang disukai. Hal ini dikarenakan gerakan dianggap susah dan biasanya materi ini diajarkan secara individu dan monoton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan metode drill untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar penjasorkes siswa kelas VI SD. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang melibatkan siswa kelas VI yang berjumlah 35 orang siswa. Data hasil belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan lembar observasi. Metode analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar mata pelajaran Penjasorkes melalui penerapan metode drill pada siswa kelas VI semester II tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 dinyatakan meningkat. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan terjadinya peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I (jumlah 2533, rata-rata 72, daya serap 72%, ketuntasan belajar 51%) dan siklus II (jumlah 2900, rata-rata 83, daya serap 83%, ketuntasan belajar 91%). Peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I dan siklus II menunjukan kenaikan rata-rata daya serap 11% dan pada ketuntasan belajar mengalami kenaikan sebesar 40%. Jadi, penerapan metode drill pada siswa kelas VI SD dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Penjasorkes.
Dampak Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA pada Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sambawarana Anak Agung Ngurah
Published: January 2023

Pembelajaran kurang variatif, alat bantu dan analogi yang dapat memperjelas materi jarang digunakan, dan adanya anggapan bahwa guru adalah orang yang paling mampu dan menguasai pelajaran dibandingkan dengan siswa. Dampak dari permasalahan yang timbul dalam proses pembelaran di kelas adalah rendahnya hasil belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBM) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar ipa pada siswa kelas III SD. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang melibatkan siswa kelas III yang berjumlah 16 orang siswa. Dalam penelitian ini data hasil belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan tes hasil belajar, metode analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I (jumlah 1060, rata-rata 66, daya serap 66%, ketuntasan belajar 69%) dan siklus II (jumlah 1170, rata-rata 73, daya serap 73%, ketuntasan belajar 94%). Terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I dan siklus II, menunjukan kenaikan rata-rata daya serap 7% dan pada ketuntasan belajar mengalami kenaikan sebesar 25%. Maka, penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBM) pada siswa kelas III SDdapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu siswa dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis serta meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA.
Supervisi Klinis untuk Meningkatkan Komitmen Kerja Guru
Authors: Ratnadi Ni Luh
Published: January 2023

Komitmen kerja menjadi salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan kerja seseorang pegawai termasuk guru. Hanya saja kenyataan di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa komitmen kinerja guru masih rendah, sehingga membutuhkan supervisi klinis sebagai bentuk pengawasan kepala sekolah. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui peningkatan komitmen kerja guru melalui proses supervisi klinis. Penelitian ini tergolong ke dalam penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksakan dalam dua siklus penelitian. Pada masing-masing siklus penelitian terdapat empat tahapan pelaksanaan yang terdiri atas perancanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan/observasi, dan proses refleksi. Subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini yakni 16 orang guru sekolah dasar. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuesioner dengan instrumen berupa lembar angket komitmen kerja guru yang dibuat menggunakan skala likert 1-5 sehingga data yang diperoleh berupa skor. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data analisis statistik yaitu metode analisis statistik dektiptif dan metode analisis statistik inferensial. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata prasiklus sebesar   128,56 dengan kategori sedang, meningkat pada siklus I rata-ratanya menjadi 151,25 dengan kategori tinggi, dan meningkat lagi pada siklus II rata-ratanya menjadi 176,81 dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan supervisi klinis secara efektif dapat meningkatkan komitmen kerja guru sekolah dasar.
Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make a Match untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Tematik pada Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sambawarana Anak Agung Ngurah
Published: January 2023

Guru kurang maksimal dalam menggunakan model atau metode pembelajaran. Banyaknya materi yang ada pada kurikulum sekolah, sehingga pembelajaran tematik sulit untuk diterapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make A Match dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar tematik pada siswa kelas III SD. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang melibatkan siswa kelas III yang berjumlah 21 orang siswa. Objek penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar tematik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes hasil belajar. Teknik analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar mata pelajaran tematik melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make a Match pada siswa kelas III dinyatakan meningkat, hal dibuktikan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I (jumlah 1360, rata-rata 65, daya serap 65%, ketuntasan belajar 48%) dan siklus II (jumlah 1630, rata-rata 78, daya serap 78%, ketuntasan belajar 90%). Terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I dan siklus II, menunjukan kenaikan rata-rata daya serap 13% dan pada ketuntasan belajar mengalami kenaikan sebesar 42%. Kesimpulan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make a match pada siswa kelas III SD dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar tematik. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa serta memudahkan guru dalam menyampaikan materi.
Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika pada Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Resmi Ni Wayan
Published: January 2023

Hasil belajar matematika siswa dalam kategori rendah. Hal ini disebabkan pembelajaran kurang memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir dan berargumentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika pada siswa kelas IV SD. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang melibatkan siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 30 orang siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes. Metode analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar mata pelajaran matematika melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw pada siswa kelas IV dinyatakan meningkat. Hal dibuktikan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I (jumlah 1980, rata-rata 66, daya serap 66%, ketuntasan belajar 73%) dan siklus II (jumlah 2245, rata-rata 75, daya serap 75%, ketuntasan belajar 97%). Terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I dan siklus II, menunjukan kenaikan rata-rata daya serap 9% dan pada ketuntasan belajar mengalami kenaikan sebesar 24%. Kesimpulan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw pada siswa kelas IV SD dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika. Impikasi penelitian ini diharapkan guru dapat merapkan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw dalam pembelajaran lainnya.
Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Agama Hindu pada Siswa Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Astikajaya I Made
Published: January 2023

Rendahnya hasil belajar siswa disebabkan karena lingkungan belajar yang diciptakan oleh guru tidak berhasil membuat siswa sebagai peserta didik dalam belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking stick dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar agama Hindu pada siswa kelas VI SD. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang melibatkan siswa kelas V yang berjumlah 13 orang siswa. Pengumpulan  data hasil belajar siswa dengan tes hasil belajar. Metode analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar mata pelajaran Agama Hindu melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Talking stick pada siswa kelas VI dinyatakan meningkat. Hal dibuktikan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I (jumlah 945, rata-rata 73, daya serap 73%, ketuntasan belajar 69%) dan siklus II (jumlah 1075, rata-rata 83, daya serap 83%, ketuntasan belajar 100%). Terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I dan siklus II, menunjukan kenaikan rata-rata daya serap 10% dan pada ketuntasan belajar mengalami kenaikan sebesar 31%. Kesimpulan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Talking stick pada siswa kelas VI SD dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Agama Hindu. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu guru dalam proses pembelajaran dan membantu siswa untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar melalui model pembelajaran yang menyenangkan.
Assertive Student Victims of Domestic Violence: Basic Qualitative Analysis From Guidance and Counseling Perspective
Authors: Afdal Afdal , Meynia Adhilla , Rahmawati Dini Fitriani , FIkri Miftahul , Syapitri Denia , Hariko Rezki
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Domestic Violence is mostly experienced by women and children. Victims of domestic violence will be moody, quiet, aggressive, and tend to have less assertive behavior. Assertive behavior is the ability to convey what you want, feel, and think to others openly and honestly without intending to offend. This study aims to determine the description of assertive behavior in child victims of domestic violence. The study was conducted on 4 student victims of domestic violence (4 girls; aged 17-19 years; student status, students, and private employees) through observation and interviews with data reduction analysis, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the assertive behavior of children, as the victims of domestic violence, was equally low indicated by the request to convey rights, rejection of invitations, self-expression, giving praise to people, and taking part in the conversation. The difference, however, is found in the aspect of rejection, subjects DFS, IR, P are better than subject C. To increase assertive behavior in children who are victims of domestic violence, an exercise to communicate assertively at home for children and parents is needed so that children and parents can improve their ability to control emotions, hence minimizing the mistreatment of children. Therefore, the role of Guidance and Counseling is very much needed through information services and content mastery. The material that can be given is the application of assertiveness on daily basis to children as victims of domestic violence.Keywords: assertive; children victims of domestic violence; perspective of guidance and counseling.
Impact of strategic proactivity on reverse logistics and supply chain performance
Authors: Saeed Amer
Published: January 2023

This research throws light on the supply chain performance of firms in various conditions of reverse logistics settings. The main purpose of the research is to explore the reverse logistics practices in pharmaceutical sector of Pakistan and its outcomes. Reverse logistics is a comparatively newer term for this region as approximately no research has been done in this area, this was identified as the research gap. The multinational companies have a very well developed systems of reverse logistics in supply chain departments. The local manufacturing setups out-number the multinational companies, though the processes of reverse logistics are carried out more or less in every firm, but, the proper systems have not been developed. Reverse logistics capabilities and innovation were the main focus of the study with respect to their effect on all over supply chain performance and backed by resource commitment and strategic planning going on in firms. To test the model data were collected from pharmaceutical companies of Pakistan. A total of 150 responses were received. Smart PLS 3.4 is used to perform structural equation modeling and results proved the impact of reverse logistics innovation directly and as a mediating variable between resource commitment and supply chain performance. Study limitations and future research directions are given at the end.
Testing of the Random Codes Generator of Embedded Crypto Protection System
Authors:   Lviv Politechnic University, Bilenko Volodymyr , Kadhim Rahma Mohammed , Hlukhov Valerii
Published: January 2023

The goal of the publication is to test the random codes generator of the built-in crypto-protection system Following the list of critical technologies in the production of weapons field and military equipment (following the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated 30.08.2017 No. 600-r), an embedded microcontroller system for the protection of information for on-board equipment has been developed. A valuable stage of the system introduction is its research and testing. One of the stages of testing is the verification of the generator of random codes to use for the generation of encryption keys and digital signatures. Based on the previous works and research of the Kalyna algorithm, methods and tools for creating a random code generator have been studied to use in the built-in cryptographic data protection system for data encryption/decryption and for working with a digital signature. Means of checking generated random codes and comparing them with existing counterparts have been developed. The purpose of this article is to check the generator of random codes before using it in the built-in information protection system.