bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slowly rotating neutron stars in scalar torsion theory
Authors: Boumaza Hamza
Published: May 2021

In this present paper, a slowly rotating stat is investigated in shift symmetric scalar torsion theory framework using a nondiagonal tetrad that gives an axially symmetric spacetime. We present the general equations for a general Lagrangian in a spherical symmetric space time and then in an axially symmetric spacetime. The obtained equations will allow us to study the behaviour of a specific model at the center of the star and at large distance. We find that this particular model affects the behaviour at the center but it is not case for large value of the radial coordinate r. The integration of the equations of motion, for different realistic equations of state (EoS), confirms that the mass, the radius as well as the moment of inertia are effected by varying the parameters of the model. Finally, we examine the universal relation of normalized moment of inertia and the stellar compactness of neutron star in slow rotation approximation. We showed that for all values of parameters present in the model leads to a deviation from GR for all EoS with a relative deviation below $$10\%$$

10
%

.
FPAA Implementations of Fractional-Order Chaotic Systems
Authors: Altun Kenan
Published: May 2021

In this paper, fractional-order chaotic systems in an analog-based platform are realized using field programmable analog arrays (FPAA) hardware. With the help of this work, we aim to increase the complexity of chaotic systems. Approximated transfer functions in frequency domain are obtained by analyzing different values of fractional-order integrator with the Charef approximation method. In this study, fractional-order numerical calculation of Rssler and Sprott type-H chaotic systems is carried out. MATLAB Simulink model for chaotic systems that satisfy the conditions of chaos in the boundaries of fractional order value is schematically presented. Moreover, CAM designs and analysis that facilitate the realization of fractional-order transfer functions in FPAA platforms are introduced. The analog-based FPAA experimental and numerical outcomes for fractional order chaotic systems are demonstrated. The comparison of the results obtained in the numerical analysis and simulation study with the experimental results is given. This study confirms that the unpredictability of the chaos carrier signals realized by digital-based can be increased with analog-based FPAA hardware and fractional-order structures so as to provide safer transfer of information signals.
VeRA: Verifying RBAC and Authorization Constraints Models of Web Applications
Authors: Luong Thanh-Nhan , Nguyen Hanh-Phuc , Truong Ninh-Thuan
Published: May 2021

The software security issue is being paid great attention from the software development community as security violations have emerged variously. Developers often use access control techniques to restrict some security breaches to software systems’ resources. The addition of authorization constraints to the role-based access control model increases the ability to express access rules in real-world problems. However, the complexity of combining components, libraries and programming languages during the implementation stage of web systems’ access control policies may arise potential flaws that make applications’ access control policies inconsistent with their specifications. In this paper, we introduce an approach to review the implementation of these models in web applications written by Java EE according to the MVC architecture under the support of the Spring Security framework. The approach can help developers in detecting flaws in the assignment implementation process of the models. First, the approach focuses on extracting the information about users and roles from the database of the web application. We then analyze policy configuration files to establish the access analysis tree of the application. Next, algorithms are introduced to validate the correctness of the implemented user-role and role-permission assignments in the application system. Lastly, we developed a tool called VeRA, to automatically support the verification process. The tool is also experimented with a number of access violation scenarios in the medical record management system.
MuSim: Mutation-based Fault Localization Using Test Case Proximity
Authors: Dutta Arpita , Jha Amit , Mall Rajib
Published: May 2021

Fault localization techniques aim to localize faulty statements using the information gathered from both passed and failed test cases. We present a mutation-based fault localization technique called MuSim. MuSim identifies the faulty statement based on its computed proximity to different mutants. We study the performance of MuSim by using four different similarity metrics. To satisfactorily measure the effectiveness of our proposed approach, we present a new evaluation metric called Mut_Score. Based on this metric, on an average, MuSim is 33.21% more effective than existing fault localization techniques such as DStar, Tarantula, Crosstab, Ochiai.
On the requirements engineer role
Authors: Franch Xavier , Palomares Cristina , Gorschek Tony
Published: May 2021

The requirements engineer role is defined differently within most organizations.
Collusion rings threaten the integrity of computer science research
Authors: Littman Michael L.
Published: May 2021

Experiences discovering attempts to subvert the peer-review process.
Depth and persistence
Authors: Yao Danfeng (Daphne)
Published: May 2021

Understanding impostor syndrome's complexity and its effect on research persistence.
SenCS
Authors: Li Chaohao , Ji Xiaoyu , Wang Bin , Wang Kai , Xu Wenyuan
Published: May 2021

Indoor proximity verification has become an increasingly useful primitive for the scenarios where access is granted to the previously unknown users when they enter a given area (e.g., a hotel room). Existing solutions either rely on homogeneous sensing modalities shared by two parties or require additional human interactions. In this article, we propose a context-based indoor proximity verification scheme, called SenCS, to enable real-time autonomous access for mobile devices, utilizing the available heterogeneous sensors at the user side and at the room side. The intuition is that only when the user is within a room can sensors from both sides observe the same events in the room. Yet such a solution is challenging, because the events may not provide enough entropy within the required time and the heterogeneity in sensing modalities may not always agree on the sensed events. To overcome the challenges, we exploit the time intervals between successively human actions to create heterogeneous contextual fingerprints (HCF) at a millisecond level. By comparing the contextual similarity between the HCF s from both the room and user sides, SenCS accomplishes the indoor proximity verification. Through proof-of-concept implementation and evaluations on 30 participants, SenCS achieves an accuracy of 99.77% and an equal error rate (EER) of 0.23% across various hardware configurations.
Deceiving AI
Authors: Monroe Don
Published: May 2021

The uncanny power of machine learning can be turned against it.
Locality and professional life
Authors: Denning Peter J.
Published: May 2021

The locality principle extends beyond computer memories. It teaches us something about being human.
On sharing knowledge and fostering "open science"
Authors: Gelenbe Erol , Brasseur Guy , Chefneux Luc , Dehant Véronique , Halloin Véronique , Haton Jean-Paul , Judkiewicz Michel , Rentier Bernard , Weikmans Romain
Published: May 2021

The crucial importance of science and technology and its accurate peer reviewed dissemination, has once again been demonstrated during the current pandemic. Thus the COVID-19 pandemic together with the inevitable energy transition required by climate change, lead us to consider the issue of scientific and technical communication, both for the written papers and proceedings that have largely moved online (but not always in open access), and the various types of seminars, workshops, and symposia that frequently involve air travel with substantial CO2 impact. Online meetings that have become recently very popular, as well as online repositories for publications, themselves have a significant CO2---as well as environmental---impact, due to the massive use of electricity by information and communication technologies (ICT) and of the environmentally unfriendly manufacturing processes and decommissioning of ICT equipment. Presented is a broad overview of these aspects, and some recommendations regarding the future organization of scientific and technical communication, including: (1) peer-reviewed journals and proceedings with online open access; (2) the importance of face to face seminars and symposia, together with online meetings, to maintain the serendipity and importance of direct human contact while reducing the need for air travel; (3) the peer evaluation of research and of academic and research staff and its dependence on publications and their qualitative---rather than excessively quantitative---evaluation, where the concept of impact should include the usefulness of research to education, industry and society; (4) and the crucial role of ICT in all these aspects and the questions raised by the sustainability of ICT itself.
Synaptopodin deficiency exacerbates kidney disease in a mouse model of Alport syndrome
Authors: Ning Liang , Suleiman Hani Y. , Miner Jeffrey H.
Published: May 2021

Alport syndrome (AS) is a hereditary disease of the glomerular basement with hematuria and proteinuria. Podocytes eventually exhibit foot process effacement, indicating actin cytoskeletal changes. To investigate how cytoskeletal changes impact podocytes, we generated Alport mice lacking synaptopodin, an actin-binding protein in foot processes. Analysis showed a more rapid disease progression, demonstrating that synaptopodin is protective. This suggests that the actin cytoskeleton is a target for therapy in AS and perhaps other glomerular diseases.
Deletion of renal Nedd4-2 abolishes the effect of high K+ intake on Kir4.1/Kir5.1 and NCC activity in the distal convoluted tubule
Authors: Xiao Yu , Duan Xin-Peng , Zhang Dan-Dan , Wang Wen-Hui , Lin Dao-Hong
Published: May 2021

Basolateral Kir4.1/Kir5.1 in the distal convoluted tubule plays an important role as a “K+ sensor” in the regulation of renal K+ excretion after high K+ intake. We found that neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 4-2 (Nedd4-2) a role in mediating the effect of K+ diet on Kir4.1/Kir5.1 and NaCl cotransporter because high K+ intake failed to inhibit basolateral Kir4.1/Kir5.1 and NaCl cotransporter in kidney tubule-specific Nedd4-2 knockout mice.
Three-dimensional coculture provides an improved in vitro model for papillary renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Rosette Kylee A. , Lander Stephen M. , VanOpstall Calvin , Looyenga Brendan D.
Published: May 2021

Two-dimensional monoculture of papillary renal cancer cells fails to replicate several features of the disease found in humans. We hypothesized that this discordance results from lack of trophic support from renal fibroblasts, which are involved in the architecture of human papillary renal tumors. We found that three-dimensional layering of renal cancer cells on top of a fibroblast core using magnetic bioprinting produces a structured spheroid that more faithfully mimics the behavior of human tumors.
Characteristics and Time‐Space Evolution of Mining Stress in High Stope
Authors: Hu Yongyue , Zhang Jingjie , Li Changhong , Song Zhengyang , Xiao Yonggang , Wang Yu
Published: May 2021

Due to the lack of relevant investigation research on the evolution of mining stress in high stope of metal mines, the understanding of how to ensure the safety during mining process is not clear at all. In this paper, by monitoring the mining‐induced pressure of the surrounding rock in the 16‐2# stope of Lilou Iron Mine, the evolution of the mining‐induced pressure of the subsequent filling and mining method of the high‐stage empty field is obtained. The study shows that there are three stages of pressure change in the second‐step stope of Lilou Iron Mine: I (stress rising stage), II (stable stage), and III (pressure relief stage), and the mining stress in the surrounding rock is transferred from the top to bottom. The stress transfer model of stope is proposed, and the variation of vertical stress versus the depth is fitted; the four horizontal sections are fitted, respectively. By establishing the three‐dimensional numerical model and distributed excavation simulation, the time‐space evolution of mining stress is obtained and compared with the in‐site measuring result. The two results show high consistency, and the effectiveness of numerical simulation is verified.
Using Surface Electromyography to Evaluate the Efficacy of Governor Vessel Electroacupuncture in Poststroke Lower Limb Spasticity: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Parallel Trial
Authors: Li Jingwen , Su Kaiqi , Mei Jinjin , Wang Yiying , Yin Shuai , Hu Yanchao , Hao Wenxue , Feng Xiaodong , Li Ruiqing
Published: May 2021

Background. Lower limb spasticity is a common complication after stroke, which seriously affects the quality of life and rehabilitation of patients. There are different treatment methods for poststroke spasticity. It has been found in clinical practice that governor vessel electroacupuncture (GV-EA) can effectively relieve poststroke upper extremity spasticity, but the efficacy of treatment of lower extremity spasticity needs to be further verified. This study aims to design a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of GV-EA in the treatment of poststroke lower limb spasticity. Methods/Design. This is a randomized, controlled trial. Patients (N = 177) will be randomized to receive routine therapeutic drug and rehabilitation treatment plus GV-EA (experimental group) or routine therapeutic drug and rehabilitation treatment plus EA (control group 1) or routine therapeutic drug and rehabilitation treatment (control group 2). All patients will receive 20 sessions of treatment for 4 weeks. The primary outcomes are the RMS value and the Modified Ashworth Scale. Secondary outcomes include the Fugl–Meyer Assessment for Lower Extremity (FMA-LE) and the Modified Barthel Index score. All outcome measures will be evaluated at the beginning and after the intervention (4 weeks). Discussion. This trial will observe the clinical effect of GV-EA on lower extremity spasticity after stroke, especially its influence on surface electromyography characteristics, and provide high-quality experimental evidence for the clinical application of GV-EA based on surface electromyography in the treatment of poststroke lower limb spasticity. Trial Registration. China Clinical Trials Registry No. ChiCTR1900027969. Registered on 7 December 2019.
Identifying Mitochondrial‐Related Genes NDUFA10 and NDUFV2 as Prognostic Markers for Prostate Cancer through Biclustering
Authors: Zhang Haokun , Shao Yuanhua , Chen Weijun , Chen Xin
Published: May 2021

Prostate cancer is currently associated with higher morbidity and mortality in men in the United States and Western Europe, so it is important to identify genes that regulate prostate cancer. The high‐dimension gene expression profile impedes the discovery of biclusters which are of great significance to the identification of the basic cellular processes controlled by multiple genes and the identification of large‐scale unknown effects hidden in the data. We applied the biclustering method MCbiclust to explore large biclusters in the TCGA cohort through a large number of iterations. Two biclusters were found with the highest silhouette coefficient value. The expression patterns of one bicluster are highly similar to those found by the gene expression profile of the known androgen‐regulated genes. Further gene set enrichment revealed that mitochondrial function‐related genes were negatively correlated with AR regulation‐related genes. Then, we performed differential analysis, AR binding site analysis, and survival analysis on the core genes with high phenotypic contribution. Among the core genes, NDUFA10 showed a low expression value in cancer patients across different expression profiles, while NDUFV2 showed a high expression value in cancer patients. Survival analysis of NDUFA10 and NDUFV2 demonstrated that both genes were unfavorable prognostic markers.
Influence of Effective Pressure on Percolation Rate of Coal
Authors: Xiao Fukun , Xu Wenhai , Li Renhe , Zhang Fengrui , Xu Lei , Xing Le , Hou Zhiyuan
Published: May 2021

To study the role of the effective pressure on the percolation rate of coal, the effect of gas pressure, gas adsorption, and temperature on coal is taken into consideration comprehensively. Starting from the research direction of effective pressure and porosity, the coal body percolation rate and effective pressure equations considering the influence of temperature and gas pressure are established. The experiments on the percolation characteristics of raw coal are implemented under different effective pressure by using the independently developed thermos‐solid‐gas linking triaxial servosystem. The theoretical equation of the effective pressure and percolation rate of coal is calculated with the finite element software COMSOL, and the results obtained from the theoretical equation agree well with the experimental results. The results show that the percolation rate of coal gradually decreases with the growth of the effective pressure when the gas pressure and temperature are kept unchanged. Therefore, the results of the research are of certain reference value for the effective prevention of gas disaster.
Analysis of the Mechanical Characteristics of Different Track Bed Types in Heavy-Haul Railway Tunnels
Authors: Li Ziqiang , Huang Weiwei , Xu Zhifan , Tang Xiao , Wang Mingnian , Yu Li , Li Zheng
Published: May 2021

Based on field measurement data from the Fuyingzi Tunnel and Hongshila Tunnel on the Zhangtang Railway, a comparative analysis was conducted on the characteristics of a ballast bed and ballastless slab track, which are commonly used in the track structures of heavy-haul railway tunnels. According to the relevant domestic standards and the theory of the stress diffusion angle, a wheel-rail sharing ratio and theoretical calculation method for the added value of the trainload on the surface and bottom of different track bed types was proposed. In accordance with the measured data, the dynamic load thresholds and distributions on the surface and bottom of different track bed types were analysed and compared with the theoretical results. The results show that the theoretical equation has high accuracy and good applicability. The ballast bed can better cushion the heavy loads, while the ballastless slab track is better able to accomplish train load attenuation. In addition, the distribution on the bottom of the ballastless slab track is “triangular”, while the distribution at the surface or bottom of the ballastless track and ballast bed is “saddle-shaped.” The ballast bed is subjected to a greater load from the vehicle, and the long-term effect is more pronounced. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the stress analysis and design parameters of heavy-haul railway tunnel track beds.
Remote Sensing–Based Urban Green Space Detection Using Marine Predators Algorithm Optimized Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Hoang Nhat-Duc , Tran Xuan-Linh
Published: May 2021

Information regarding the current status of urban green space is crucial for urban land-use planning and management. This study proposes a remote sensing and data-driven solution for urban green space detection at regional scale via employment of state-of-the-art metaheuristic and machine learning approaches. Remotely sensed data obtained from Sentinel 2 satellite in the study area of Da Nang city (Vietnam) are used to construct and verify an intelligent model that hybridizes Marine Predators Algorithm (MPA) and support vector machines (SVM). SVM are employed to generalize a decision boundary that separates features characterizing statistical measurements of remote sensing data into two categories of “green space” and “nongreen space”. The MPA metaheuristic is used to optimize the SVM training phase by identifying an appropriate set of the SVM’s hyperparameters including the penalty coefficient and the kernel function parameter. Experimental results show that the proposed model which processes information provided by all of the Sentinel 2 satellite’s spectral bands can deliver a better performance than those obtained from the model based on vegetation indices. With a good classification accuracy rate of roughly 93%, an F1 score = 0.93, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic = 0.98, the newly developed model is a promising tool to assist local authority to obtain up-to-date information on urban green space and develop plans of sustainable urban land use.
Remote and Anesthetic-Induced Myocardial Preconditioning Is Preserved in Atherosclerotic LDL Receptor-/- Mice In Vivo
Authors: Petermichl Walter , Eglmeier Kathrin , Hesse Henriette , Gruber Michael , Graf Bernhard , Bredthauer Andre , Redel Andreas
Published: May 2021

Introduction. In the animal model, preconditioning is a powerful weapon against ischemic damage. The reason why the human heart cannot be protected from ischemic damage by preconditioning remains unclear. There are assumptions that the lack of preconditioning in humans is caused by concomitant diseases such as dyslipoproteinemia and arteriosclerosis. This study investigates whether dyslipoproteinemia and the resulting arteriosclerosis can be a cause of a reduced precondition effect of heart in mice. Methods. LDL receptor-deficient mice were fed a long-term (14-16 weeks) high-fat atherogenic diet to induce arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis was identified by histological examination and vessel contraction tests. LDLR-/- and wild-type mice were randomly assigned to anesthetic-induced, remote ischemic, or no preconditioning. All mice were subjected to 45 minutes of coronary artery occlusion and 180 minutes of reperfusion. The area at risk and infarct size were determined by Evans Blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Results. Histopathological examination showed atherosclerosis in high-fat atherogenic fed LDLR-/- mice, and the vessel relaxation capacity was significantly reduced compared to wild-type mice. In the wild type, as expected, infarct size was significantly reduced by preconditioning compared to the control. In LDLR-/- mice, infarct size was significantly reduced by preconditioning compared to the control. Surprisingly, the LDLR-/- control group also had a significantly reduced infarct size compared to the wild-type control group. Conclusion. We were able to demonstrate that a high-fat diet morphologically and functionally triggered atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- mice. Interestingly, LDLR-/- mice with an atherogenic diet had smaller infarct sizes compared to wild-type mice. Moreover, preconditioning additionally reduced myocardial infarct size in LDLR-/- mice. A long-term high-fat atherogenic diet and preconditioning seem to result in additive cardioprotection in LDLR-/- mice.
Neonatal Cholestasis: A Rare and Unusual Presentation of Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome
Authors: El Qadiry R. , Ouayad A. , Nassih H. , Bourrahouat A. , Ait Sab I.
Published: May 2021

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a very rare entity, and the clinical manifestations are nonspecific. Neonatal cholestasis due to endocrine disorders is rare and poorly recognized. Our case report describes a case of PSIS in a Moroccan infant revealed by isolated neonatal cholestasis, which is an unusual presentation in children. Case report. A 40-day-old girl was admitted to our department for progressive cholestatic jaundice appeared on the third day of life. She was born from a non-consanguineous marriage, and her prenatal and perinatal history went without incident. Physical examination showed icteric skin and sclera, without hepatomegaly. Analysis of pituitary hormones revealed panhypopituitarism. On brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the pituitary stalk was absent, the posterior pituitary was ectopic, and the anterior pituitary was hypoplastic. The patient was diagnosed with interrupted pituitary stalk syndrome. The treatment consisted of hormone replacement with rapid improvement of her clinical condition. Conclusion. Panhypopituitarism, a consequence of PSIS, is a rare cause of neonatal cholestasis. However, pediatricians should keep this syndrome in mind for patients who present with neonatal cholestasis.
Efficacy and Safety of Scalp Acupuncture for Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Fu-gui , Tan Ai-hua , Peng Chao-qun , Tan Yun-xia , Yao Ming-chao
Published: May 2021

Objective. To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of scalp acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia. Methods. CNKI, Wanfang database, CQVIP database, CBM, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and PubMed were searched for the literature on the treatment of insomnia by scalp acupuncture from the establishment of the database to July 23, 2020. Two researchers independently screened the literatures and extracted the data, then evaluated the quality of the literatures, and used RevMan 5.3 software for statistical analysis. Results. A total of 21 studies including 1606 cases were included. 21 studies were included in the analysis of effective rate. The heterogeneity test showed that there was no significant heterogeneity. The fixed effect model was used,

P

 < 0.00001. The effective rate of scalp acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia was significantly higher than that of the control group. The analysis of PSQI score was finally included in 19 studies. The heterogeneity test showed that there was obvious heterogeneity. The random effect model was used, and the subgroup analysis was conducted according to the different intervention measures of the control group. The

P

values of the drug group and the blank group were both less than 0.05, indicating that the improvement of PSQI score in the scalp acupuncture treatment of insomnia was significantly better than that in the drug group and the blank group;

P

 = 0.05 in other acupuncture groups, suggesting in scalp acupuncture treatment, there was no difference between insomnia and other acupuncture in improving the PSQI score. Six studies were included in the analysis of adverse events. The heterogeneity test showed no significant heterogeneity. The fixed effect model was used,

P

 = 0.04 < 0.05, indicating that the adverse events of scalp acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia were better than those of the control group. No publication bias analysis was conducted due to the small number of adverse events included. Publication bias was analyzed for effective rate and PSQI score. Egger’s TSTs test (effective rate

P

 = 0.001, PSQI score

P

 = 0.001) and funnel plot showed publication bias. Conclusion. Scalp acupuncture is effective and safe in the treatment of insomnia, which is worthy of clinical application. However, due to the limited number of included literature, the methodology of some studies is slightly low and the quality of literature is slightly poor. In the future, we need to design rigorous, large sample, multiple center randomized controlled study to further verify the conclusion of this study.
Study on the Damage Model of Coal Rock Caused by Hydraulic Pressure and Electrical Impulse in Borehole
Authors: Bao Xiankai , Cao Jiaxing , Zheng Wenxiang , Guo Junyu , Liu Yuan , Zhao Jinchang
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to study the damage and fracturing effects of high-voltage discharge on coal-rock mass under the action of hydrostatic pressure. Based on the traditional damage evolution model and the change of the effective bearing area and stress around the microcrack of coal-rock mass on a microscopic scale, the expression of macroscopic damage variation of coal-rock mass under the action of electrohydraulic coupling was derived, and its damage constitutive relation was established. The high-voltage pulse water shock stress test of coal-rock mass under the conditions of different water pressures and voltages was carried out, and its damage numerical model was established by the ABAQUS/XFEM. The damage variable values of coal-rock mass with different electrohydraulic parameters were compared to characterize the generation and expansion of internal macroscopic cracks. From the results, it is shown that the damage variable based on the effective bearing area and stress around the crack can represent the morphology and expansion change of crack of coal-rock mass with different electrohydraulic parameters clearly and quantitatively. Different hydrostatic pressures and discharge voltages have influence on the damage variables of coal-rock mass, but different influencing degrees cause different damages on coal-rock mass. The damage of coal rock can be characterized by the change of the effective bearing area and stress around microcracks in coal body. So, stress testing and numerical simulation have verified the correctness of the damage model.
Examining the Effects of Brief Mindfulness Training on Athletes’ Flow: The Mediating Role of Resilience
Authors: Liu Fengbo , Zhang Zhongqiu , Liu Shuqiang , Zhang Nan
Published: May 2021

Background. Flow is characterized by the strong concentration in competitions, eliminating irrelevant thoughts and emotions, integrating all tasks, and continuing the competition smoothly even in challenging situations. The present study was into whether or not brief mindfulness training can improve athletes’ flow and further explore the mediating effect of resilience in the intervention. Methods. The 2 (experimental conditions) × 2 (time) mixed design was used in this study. Fifty-seven student-athletes were recruited and randomly assigned into either a brief mindfulness group (n = 29) or a control group (n = 28). Before and after the intervention, every participant completed a self-report measure including mindfulness, flow, and resilience. Results. Participants in the brief mindfulness group showed increased mindfulness, flow, and resilience (p<0.001) after brief mindfulness training; when putting resilience change (B = 0.30, 95% CI [0.031, 0.564]) into the equation, the direct (95% CI [3.156, 13.583]) and indirect (95% CI [0.470, 5.048]) effects of mindfulness training were both significant. Conclusion. It was concluded that brief mindfulness training could significantly improve athletes’ flow and resilience, and resilience partly mediated the effects of brief mindfulness training on flow.
Current Understanding on Adhesion and Biofilm Development in Actinobacteria
Authors: El Othmany R. , Zahir H. , Ellouali M. , Latrache H.
Published: May 2021

Biofilm formation and microbial adhesion are two related and complex phenomena. These phenomena are known to play an important role in microbial life and various functions with positive and negative aspects. Actinobacteria have wide distribution in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This phylum is very large and diverse and contains two important genera Streptomyces and Mycobacteria. The genus Streptomyces is the most biotechnologically important, while the genus Mycobacteria contains the pathogenic species of Mycobacteriaceae. According to the literature, the majority of studies carried out on actinomycetes are focused on the detection of new molecules. Despite the well-known diversity and metabolic activities, less attention has been paid to this phylum. Research on adhesion and biofilm formation is not well developed. In the present review, an attempt has been made to review the literature available on the different aspects on biofilm formation and adhesion of Actinobacteria. We focus especially on the genus Streptomyces. Furthermore, a brief overview about the molecules and structures involved in the adhesion phenomenon in the most relevant genus is summarized. We mention the mechanisms of quorum sensing and quorum quenching because of their direct association with biofilm formation.
Evaluation Model of Cable Insulation Life Based on Improved Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Li Lei , Ma Xian Min , Guo Wei
Published: May 2021

Since the human society entered the electrification era, people’s work, life, and even the production and development of various industries in society are inseparable from the supply of electricity. The purpose of this paper is to establish a cable insulation life evaluation model based on the improved fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to test the current insulation characteristics and life of various types of cables, so as to ensure the quality of power supply and safe production of power. This paper first understands the cable insulation characteristics test process and electrical power-related knowledge through a large number of literature studies and consultation with power grid professionals. Then this paper combines the theoretical research and improvement of the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process based on the actual situation of the cable insulation characteristics, thereby constructing the cable insulation life evaluation model. In this evaluation model, this paper combines the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the analytic hierarchy process as well as the actual situation of the cable characteristic test to analyze and predict the insulation life of the cable. Finally, the linear test and reliability estimation of the experimental results are carried out, and the application of this evaluation model is extended to the evaluation of insulation life of other types of cables. Based on this, this paper proposes a cable insulation life evaluation model based on the improved fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. This model combines the Weibull model and the Arrhenius model commonly used in the assessment of cable insulation aging life and the improved fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Experiments have proved that, within a certain range, temperature factors have a significant impact on the cable insulation life. For example, when the temperature is below 55°C, the insulation life of the cable is usually 30 to 50 years. However, the evaluation model of the improved fuzzy analytic hierarchy process in this paper has much higher accuracy in evaluating cable insulation life than other life evaluation methods.
Combination of the EP and Anti-PD-1 Pathway or Anti-CTLA-4 for the Phase III Trial of Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abunasser Abdulhakim A. A. , Xue Jinmin , Balawi Ehab J. A. , Zhu Yuxi
Published: May 2021

The morbidity and mortality of lung cancer remain one of the highest among multiple cancers, respectively. Small-Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) accounts for around 10%–15% of all lung cancers. Approximately two-thirds of the diagnosed SCLCs are in extensive stage (ES). Decades later, we still rely on the same traditional regimen with etoposide and platinum (EP) as the mainstay of treatment with poor prognosis. This meta-analysis aims to assess the effect of adding Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (CPIs) such as (ipilimumab, atezolizumab, pembrolizumab, and durvalumab) to the traditional EP regimen for small-cell lung cancer extensive stage (ES-SCLC). We searched through PubMed looking for studies that compare between EP and CPIs, with EP alone, and only Phase III randomized controlled trials were considered eligible for this study. A total of 3645 papers were the results of the initial search, and only 4 studies met our criteria. Each investigator extracted the data independently using the PRISMA MODEL (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline. Each author used a prespecified sheet. The primary endpoint was to calculate OS (overall survival) and PFS (progression-free survival) hazard ratios for both arms. We found that adding EP plus CPIs increased both OS (HR, 95% CI 0.80 [0.70, 0.93],

P

 = 0.0001, I2 = 49%) and PFS (HR95% CI 0.81 [0.74, 0.88],

P

 < 0.00001, I2 = 0%). On the other hand, ORR (overall response rate) was not affected by the addition of CPIs to EP compared to EP alone, and the same was true for adverse events. To conclude, CTLA-4 alone is not encouraging, but PD-1/PD-L1 adds survival benefits. A combined treatment regimen shows to be more effective, improving overall survival rate Durvalumab and atezolizumab showed improvement for OS, but pembrolizumab and ipilimumab did not show a significant increase of OS over EP; however, pembrolizumab showed significant prolongation of the disease-free period.
A Study of the Identification, Fragmentation Mode and Metabolic Pathways of Imatinib in Rats Using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS
Authors: Liu Sijiang , Yu Zhaojin
Published: May 2021

In this study, The metabolites, metabolic pathways, and metabolic fragmentation mode of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor- (TKI-) imatinib in rats were investigated. The samples for analysis were pretreated via solid-phase extraction, and the metabolism of imatinib in rats was studied using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Eighteen imatinib metabolites were identified in rat plasma, 21 in bile, 18 in urine, and 12 in feces. Twenty-seven of the above compounds were confirmed as metabolites of imatinib and 9 of them were newly discovered for the first time. Oxidation, hydroxylation, dealkylation, and catalytic dehydrogenation are the main metabolic pathways in phase I. For phase II, the main metabolic pathways were N-acetylation, methylation, cysteine, and glucuronidation binding. The fragment ions of imatinib and its metabolites were confirmed to be produced by the cleavage of the C-N bond at the amide bond. The newly discovered metabolite of imatinib was identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The metabolic pathway of imatinib and its fragmentation pattern were summarized. These results could be helpful to study the safety of imatinib for clinical use.
On the Imbibition Model for Oil-Water Replacement of Tight Sandstone Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Liu Xiong , Zhou Desheng , Yan Le , Liu Shun , Liu Yafei
Published: May 2021

A model suitable for evaluating a tight sandstone reservoir is established. The model includes two oil-water replacement modes: capillary force mode and osmotic pressure mode. The relationship between oil-water displacement rate and dimensionless time under different parameters is drawn considering the influence of capillary force, osmotic pressure, production pressure difference, and starting pressure gradient. Results indicate that the higher the relative permeability of the water phase, the lower the relative permeability of the oil phase, the smaller the oil-water viscosity ratio, and the higher the oil-water replacement rate. The relative permeability of the water phase also affects the infiltration stabilization time. Low salinity fracturing fluid infiltration helps to improve the oil-water replacement rate.
Profound Metabolic Acidosis due to Metformin Intoxication Requiring Dialysis
Authors: Hermez Klodia , Dudash-Mion Carla
Published: May 2021

Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare but life-threatening condition with often high mortality rates. Despite this, metformin continues to be one of the most commonly prescribed antihyperglycemic agents in the market. We present a unique case of a 61-year-old female with severe acidosis of pH = 6.72 and lactic acid of 26 mmol/L who presented obtunded after ingestion of an unknown amount of metformin. She was subsequently intubated, became hypotensive, and was initiated on vasopressors. She was swiftly started on a combination of intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and bicarbonate therapy 7 hours after admission followed by continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) as she became more hemodynamically unstable. The patient’s renal function improved, and she was discharged 7 days after admission with favorable sequelae. Dialysis is often reported in cases of severe MALA; however, it remains unclear how quickly dialysis should be initiated. This case aims to explore the benefits of quick initiation of extracorporeal measures in the forms of IHD and CRRT with concurrent bicarbonate supplementation. Furthermore, this case demonstrates the importance of clinical suspicion in metabolic acidosis in a patient on metformin therapy.
Study on Injection Molding Process Simulation and Process Parameter Optimization of Automobile Instrument Light Guiding Support
Authors: Wu Hu , Wang Youmin , Fang Mingyue
Published: May 2021

In the present study, Moldflow® software is applied to simulate the injection molding of automobile instrument light guide bracket and optimize the injection gate position. In this regard, Taguchi orthogonal experimental design is adopted, and five processing parameters, the mold temperature, melt temperature, cooling time, packing pressure, and packing time, are considered as the test factors. Moreover, volume shrinkage and warping amount are considered as quality evaluation indices. Then range analysis and variance analysis are carried out to obtain the optimal combination of molding parameters with the volume shrinkage rate and the warpage amount. The grey correlation analysis was used to analyze the test results and obtain the optimal combination of volume shrinkage rate and amount of warping. Based on the performed simulations, it is found that the maximum volume shrinkage rate and the maximum amount of warping in the optimal design are 6.753% and 1.999 mm, respectively. According to the optimal process parameters, the injection molding of the automobile instrument light guide bracket meets the quality requirements.
Movement Laws of Overlying Strata above a Fully Mechanized Coal Mining Face Backfilled with Gangue: A Case Study in Jiulishan Coal Mine in Henan Province, China
Authors: Yang Zhengkai , Cheng Zhiheng , Li Zhenhua , Li Chunyuan , Wang Lei , Yin Shuaifeng , Zhang Jinhu
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to obtain movement laws of overlying strata above a fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue and solve the problem of surface subsidence during coal mining. This study was carried out based on gangue backfilling mining of Jiulishan Coal Mine (Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, China) from the perspectives of deformation of backfilled gangue under compaction, surrounding rock of a stope, and activities of key strata. The method combining with rock mechanics, viscoelastic mechanics, control theory of rock mass under mining, and numerical simulation was used based on physical and mechanical characteristics of backfilled gangue. On this basis, the research analyzed the temporal‐spatial relationships of activities of surrounding rock of the stope, compressive deformation of backfilling body, failure depth of the floor, deformation characteristics of the main roof with laws of surface subsidence. The movement characteristics of overlying strata above the fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue and the traditional fully mechanized mining face were compared. It is found that, under the same conditions of overlying strata, movement laws of overlying strata are mainly determined by the mining height of coal seams and the heights of a caving zone and a fracture zone are nearly linearly correlated with the mining height. Through analysis based on thin‐plate theory and key stratum theory, the location of the main roof of the fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue in coal seams first bending and sinking due to load of overlying strata was ascertained. Then, it was determined that there are two key strata and the main roof belongs to the inferior key stratum. By using the established mechanical model for the main roof of the fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue and the calculation formula for the maximum deflection of the main roof, this research presented the conditions for breaking of the main roof. In addition, based on the theoretical analysis, it is concluded that the main roof of the fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue does not break, but bends. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that, with the continuous increase of strength of backfilled gangue, the stress concentration degree of surrounding rock reduces constantly, so does its decrease amplitude. Moreover, the compressive deformation of backfilling, failure depth of the floor, and bending and subsidence of the main roof continuously decrease and tend to be stable. The mechanical properties of backfilling materials determine effects of gangue backfilling in controlling surface subsidence. Gangue backfilling can effectively control movement of overlying strata and surface subsidence tends to be stable with the increase of elastic modulus of gangue.
Stabilizing and Robust Fractional PID Controller Synthesis for Uncertain First-Order plus Time-Delay Systems
Authors: Rhouma Aymen , Hafsi Sami , Laabidi Kaouther
Published: May 2021

In this paper, by using the noninteger

P

I

λ

D

μ

controllers, we conduct an investigation into the subject of robust stability area of time-delay interval process. Our method is based on setting up of the noninteger interval closed-loop characteristic equation using the inferior and superior bounds of uncertain parameters into several vertexes. We have combined the composition of the value set of vertex with the zero exclusion principle to analyse the stability of the uncertain process. A generalized version of the Hermite–Biehler theorem, applicable to fractional quasipolynomials, is exploited to determine the stability region of each vertex. The robust stability region of the noninteger regulator can be given by the crossing of the stability area of all the vertex characteristic noninteger quasipolynomials. By using the value set method and zero exclusion theory, the effectiveness of the stability region can be tested. Also, we propose a suitable procedure to determine the whole of stabilizing parameters for an interval process. An explicative example is given to point out the advantage and reliability of the approach.
On Some Complete Monotonicity of Functions Related to Generalized
k
−
Gamma Function
Authors: Moustafa Hesham , Almuashi Hanan , Mahmoud Mansour
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we presented two completely monotonic functions involving the generalized

k
−

gamma function

Γ

k

x

and its logarithmic derivative

ψ

k

x

, and established some upper and lower bounds for

Γ

k

x

in terms of

ψ

k

x

.
Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Improved Deep Residual Shrinkage Networks
Authors: Zhang Zhijin , Li He , Chen Lei , Han Ping
Published: May 2021

To improve feature learning ability and accurately diagnose the faults of rolling bearings under a strong background noise environment, we present a new shrinkage function named leaky thresholding to replace the soft thresholding in the deep residual shrinkage networks (DRSNs). In this work, we discover that such improved deep residual shrinkage networks (IDRSNs) can be realized by using a group searching method to optimize the slope value of leaky thresholding, and leaky thresholding in the IDRSNs can more effectively eliminate the noise of signal features. We highlight that our techniques can significantly improve the performance on various fundamental tasks. Experimental results show that IDRSNs achieve better fault diagnosis results on noised vibration signals compared with DRSNs. Moreover, we also provide a normalized processing to further improve the fault diagnosing accuracy of rolling bearing under a strong background noise environment.