bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of a fused N-bridged [3.3.1]nonadiquinoline multicyclic skeleton via a metal-free formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition/Mannich/dearomatization domino reaction
Authors: Amiri Kamran , Nayebzadeh Behrouz , Kamangar Mohammad , Babazadeh Mohammad , Ariafard Alireza , Shiri Farshad , Rominger Frank , Balalaie Saeed
Published: September 2023

The present work describes a novel and green domino metal-free formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition/Mannich/dearomatization reaction to access a variety of fused azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonadiquinoline scaffolds through the formation of four new C–C and C–N bonds.
Micro-electro-flow catalyzed (μ-EFC) ultra-fast cross-electrophile coupling of activated C(sp3)–O bonds
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Singh Ajay K.
Published: September 2023

Herein, we reported electro-micro-flow induced carbanion generation, and subsequently quench with the various inactive electrophile such as CO2, CS2, an aldehyde, a ketone, and electron-deficient olefins, to obtain the corresponding product.
Real-time continuous monitoring of dynamic concentration profiles studied with biosensing by particle motion
Authors: Bergkamp Max H. , Cajigas Sebastian , van IJzendoorn Leo J. , Prins Menno W. J.
Published: September 2023

Real-time monitoring-and-control of biological systems requires lab-on-a-chip sensors that are able to accurately measure concentration–time profiles with a well-defined time delay and accuracy using only small amounts of sampled fluid.
Ultrafast ultrasound-assisted synthesis of microporous organic networks for the efficient removal of antibiotics
Authors: Liu Hua-Xing , Cui Yuan-Yuan , Abdukayum Abdukader , Yang Cheng-Xiong
Published: September 2023

A novel green ultrasound-assisted method was proposed for ultrafast, convenient, and efficient synthesis of MONs for effective removal of antibiotics.
Preparation and performance analysis of CNC/GO/CNTs/PVA/SA-Ca2+ conductive hydrogels
Authors: Meng Lingling , Ding Shijie , Yan Zhongjie , Zhong Zhenzhen , Li Weihao , Liu Da , Liu En
Published: September 2023

The CNC/GO/CNTs/PVA/SA-Ca2+ conductive hydrogels were prepared by using the solid-phase esterification reaction of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and succinic acid (SA).
Defective boron nitride nanosheets: an efficient non-metal catalyst for electrochemical reduction of NO to NH3
Authors: Zhu Ping , Xu Zhe
Published: September 2023

Defective BN nanosheets (D-BN) are verified as an efficient catalyst for electrocatalytic conversion of NO into NH3 (NORR), which is ascribed to B-vacancies on D-BN in promoting the NORR whilst restricting the competing H2 evolution.
Molecular insights into the aggregation and solubilizing behavior of biocompatible amphiphiles Gelucire® 48/16 and Tetronics® 1304 in aqueous media
Authors: Bhalani Deep , Kakkad Hiral , Modh Jignasa , Ray Debes , Aswal Vinod K. , Pillai Sadafara A.
Published: September 2023

Comparative analysis of PEG-based excipients Gelucire® 48/16 and Tetronics® 1304, for micellar and solubilizing properties.
Interfacial microenvironment modulation enhancing catalytic kinetics of CoNiP@NiFe LDH heterostructures for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhang Jie , Guo Donggang
Published: September 2023

Efficient heterostructured CoNiP@NiFe LDH/NF electrocatalysts were synthesized for efficient oxygen evolution reaction through a fine and rational multi-step reaction.
Light-enhanced electrical behavior of a Au/Al-doped ZnO/p-Si/Al heterostructure: insights from impedance and current–voltage analysis
Authors: Benamara Majdi , Nassar Kais Iben , Soltani Sonia , Kallekh Afef , Dhahri Ramzi , Dahman Hassen , El Mir Lassaad
Published: September 2023

In this study, we meticulously deposited an Al-doped ZnO nanoparticle thin film on a p-type silicon substrate using the precise sputtering method.
Dynamic experiments in flow accelerate reaction network definition in a complex hydrogenation using catalytic static mixers
Authors: Martinuzzi Stefano , Tranninger Markus , Sagmeister Peter , Horn Martin , Williams Jason D. , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: September 2023

The combination of transient flow experiments with process analytical technology (PAT) enables the rapid characterization and kinetic modelling of a complex ketone hydrogenation, catalyzed by catalytic static mixers (CSMs).
Polarisation effects on the H-bond acceptor properties of secondary amides
Authors: Hanna Fergal E. , Root Alexander J. , Hunter Christopher A.
Published: September 2023

An intramolecular H-bond between a pyridine and an amide NH group increases the H-bond acceptor strength of the amide carbonyl oxygen. Polarisation of the amide group is directly proportional to the polarity of the pyridine H-bond acceptor.
Aromatic interactions with heterocycles in water
Authors: Tobajas-Curiel Gloria , Sun Qingqing , Sanders Jeremy K. M. , Ballester Pablo , Hunter Christopher A.
Published: September 2023

Measurements using chemical double mutant cycles show that non-covalent interactions between heterocyclic and aromatic rings are more favourable in water than chloroform, provided polar sites are solvated by H-bonded water molecules in the complex.
Pyroelectric based energy harvesting devices: hybrid structures and applications
Authors: Panda Swati , Hajra Sugato , Song Heewon , Jo Junghun , Kim Nayoon , Hwang Subhin , Choi Yoobin , Kim Hang Gyeom , Kim Hoe Joon , Mishra Yogendra Kumar
Published: September 2023

Waste-heat management and harvesting have demonstrated significant potential in enhancing the efficiency of conventional energy utilization systems.
Comparative studies on the aggregate formation of synthesized zwitterionic gemini and monomeric surfactants in the presence of the amphiphilic antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine hydrochloride in aqueous solution: an experimental and theoretical approach
Authors: Banik Rajesh , Das Sourav , Ghosh Asitanga , Ghosh Soumen
Published: September 2023

The formation of aggregates was studied with different compositions of alkyl betaine gemini surfactant (C14Ab) with chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ).
Local structure heterogeneity in unique tetragonal BaTiO3-based relaxor featuring ultrahigh electrostrictive effect
Authors: Yao Yonghao , Wang Lu , Zhang Yuanpeng , Liu Jue , Huo Chuanrui , Liu Hui , Chen Jun
Published: September 2023

The BT-15BLT relaxor ferroelectric exhibits local T distortions within 100 K to 500 K. Through RMC fitting, it was revealed that T distortions originate from Bi/Li clusters and relaxor phase transition is induced by localized polarization rotations.
A new class of teraryl-based AIEgen for highly selective imaging of intracellular lipid droplets and its detection in advanced-stage human cervical cancer tissues
Authors: Sharma Chandra Prakash , Vyas Akanksha , Pandey Priyanka , Gupta Shashwat , Vats Ravi Prakash , Jaiswal Sakshi Priya , Bhatt Madan Lal Brahma , Sachdeva Monika , Goel Atul
Published: September 2023

A new class of D–π–A teraryl-based AIEgen 6a was designed and synthesized for selective staining of intracellular lipid droplets.
Joining forces: crosstalk between mechanosensitive PIEZO1 ion channels and integrin-mediated focal adhesions
Authors: Cheng Delfine , Wang Junfan , Yao Mingxi , Cox Charles D
Published: September 2023

Both integrin-mediated focal adhesions (FAs) and mechanosensitive ion channels such as PIEZO1 are critical in mechanotransduction processes that influence cell differentiation, development, and cancer. Ample evidence now exists for regulatory crosstalk between FAs and PIEZO1 channels with the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remaining unclear. However, an emerging picture is developing based on spatial crosstalk between FAs and PIEZO1 revealing a synergistic model involving the cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix (ECM) and calcium-dependent signaling. Already cell type, cell contractility, integrin subtypes and ECM composition have been shown to regulate this crosstalk, implying a highly fine-tuned relationship between these two major mechanosensing systems. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in this area, highlight the physiological implications of this crosstalk and identify gaps in our knowledge that will improve our understanding of cellular mechanosensing.
Improving Perceptual Speech Ratings: The Effects of Auditory Training on Judgments of Dysarthric Speech
Authors: Stipancic Kaila L. , Golzy Mojgan , Zhao Yunxin , Pinkerton Louise , Rohl Andrea , Kuruvilla-Dugdale Mili
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

Auditory training has been shown to reduce rater variability in perceptual voice assessment. Because rater variability is also a central issue in the auditory-perceptual assessment of dysarthria, this study sought to determine if training produces a meaningful change in rater reliability, criterion validity, and scaling magnitude of four features: overall speech impairment, articulatory imprecision, monotony, and slow rate.

Method:

Forty-four nonexperts randomized to training and nontraining listener groups completed a pretest and posttest. Only the former group underwent auditory training between pre- and posttests. For both testing and training, listeners rated samples from speakers with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD), and neurologically healthy control speakers using separate visual analog scales (VASs) for each of the four features. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to compare inter- and intrarater reliability between pre- and posttest for both listener groups. For criterion validity, severity ratings from the two nonexpert listener groups were compared to those of two experienced listeners for all four features. To determine changes in scaling magnitude, raw VAS scores for each feature were compared from pre- to posttest within the two nonexpert listener groups. Scaling changes were also compared between the two listener groups for the pre- and posttest conditions.

Results and Conclusions:

In the training group, a meaningful improvement in interrater reliability was observed for some features in all three speaker groups, but not in the nontraining group. In contrast, for intrarater reliability, in the nontraining group, a meaningful improvement was observed for many features in all three speaker groups, but only for PD monotony and slow rate in the training group. All ratings from the nonexpert listeners were valid except for monotony. Raw VAS scores did not meaningfully change from pre- to posttest for any of the features, but there was a trend toward lower scores posttraining, mainly for the ALS samples. Modifications to the auditory training paradigm to further improve reliability and validity, along with future goals for optimizing training, are discussed.
Accelerating galaxy dynamical modeling using a neural network for joint lensing and kinematic analyses
Authors: Gomer Matthew R. , Ertl Sebastian , Biggio Luca , Wang Han , Galan Aymeric , Van de Vyvere Lyne , Sluse Dominique , Vernardos Georgios , Suyu Sherry H.
Published: September 2023

Strong gravitational lensing is a powerful tool to provide constraints on galaxy mass distributions and cosmological parameters, such as the Hubble constant, H0. Nevertheless, inference of such parameters from images of lensing systems is not trivial as parameter degeneracies can limit the precision in the measured lens mass and cosmological results. External information on the mass of the lens, in the form of kinematic measurements, is needed to ensure a precise and unbiased inference. Traditionally, such kinematic information has been included in the inference after the image modeling, using spherical Jeans approximations to match the measured velocity dispersion integrated within an aperture. However, as spatially resolved kinematic measurements become available via IFU data, more sophisticated dynamical modeling is necessary. Such kinematic modeling is expensive, and constitutes a computational bottleneck that we aim to overcome with our Stellar Kinematics Neural Network (SKiNN). SKiNN emulates axisymmetric modeling using a neural network, quickly synthesizing from a given mass model a kinematic map that can be compared to the observations to evaluate a likelihood. With a joint lensing plus kinematic framework, this likelihood constrains the mass model at the same time as the imaging data. We show that SKiNN’s emulation of a kinematic map is accurate to a considerably better precision than can be measured (better than 1% in almost all cases). Using SKiNN speeds up the likelihood evaluation by a factor of ~200. This speedup makes dynamical modeling economical, and enables lens modelers to make effective use of modern data quality in the JWST era.
Morphological atypia and molecular profile of Plasmodium vivax: Findings from an outbreak in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Alves Amanda Caroline de Jesus , Feio dos Santos Ana Cecília , Peres José Mário Veloso , Nascimento José Maria de Souza , Barbosa Danielle Regina Lima , Figueiredo Juliana Vasconcelos , Viana Giselle Maria Rachid , Póvoa Marinete Marins
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to perform morphological and molecular analyses of parasites isolated from the blood of malaria-infected individuals during an outbreak in the Microregion of Cametá, State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. A total of 260 positive samples were identified by microscopy as Plasmodium vivax; however, in three samples, forms considered unusual for the species were found and defined as morphological atypia of P. vivax. Single P. vivax infection was confirmed by qPCR in all samples. Among 256 genotyped samples, the VK247 genotype alone was identified in 255 samples, and the VK210 genotype was found in only one. The study showed that this malaria outbreak was caused by the etiological agent P. vivax, and for the first time, morphological atypia was described in isolates circulating in Brazil. Likewise, for the first time, the VK247 genotype was detected predominantly in single infections in an area of the State of Pará, which may suggest a greater circulation of the genotype in the region.
Two invasions at once: update on the introduction of the invasive speciesAedes aegyptiandAedes albopictusin Cyprus – a call for action in Europe
Authors: Vasquez Marlen Ines , Notarides Gregoris , Meletiou Sotiris , Patsoula Eleni , Kavran Mihaela , Michaelakis Antonios , Bellini Romeo , Toumazi Toumazis , Bouyer Jeremy , Petrić Dušan
Published: September 2023

Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito andAedes albopictus, the tiger mosquito, continue to expand their geographical distribution, reshaping the European epidemiological risks for mosquito-borne diseases. The reintroduction ofAedes aegyptinear the airport and port in Larnaka and the detection ofAedes albopictusnear the marina and old port of the Limassol area in Cyprus are reported herein. The measures taken to investigate these events included (i) communication to health authorities, (ii) expert on-site visits and verification of findings, (iii) enhanced active surveillance, and (iv) development of an Emergency Action Plan followed by a Contingency Plan. These emergency action plans were developed to delimitate the infested areas and to prevent the spreading of the mosquito populations into new areas. The general principles are presented along with their rationale to serve as guidelines for other geographical regions targeting suppression/eradication with a sterile insect technique component. In parallel, this manuscript serves as a call for action at the European level to impede the further spread of these species and support the activities being undertaken in Cyprus to combat the incursions ofAedesinvasive species.
A fuzzy particle swarm optimization method with application to shape design problem
Authors: El Yazidi Youness , Ellabib Abdellatif
Published: September 2023

In this study, we focus on a specific class of bilateral free boundaries problems. We approach this problem by formulating it as a shape optimization problem using a defined cost functional. The existence of an optimal solution for the optimization problem is proved. To tackle this problem, we propose an iterative approach that combines the particle swarm optimization and fuzzy logic methods. Additionally, we employ the finite element method as a discretization technique for the state equation. To validate our approaches, we investigate various types of domains. Furthermore, we compare the performance of these approaches in two scenarios: one with exact measurements used for identification and another with noisy measurements.
Fetal PR Interval in Pregnancies with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Guerra Manuel , Montaño Ignacio , Haye María T. , Toro Victoria , Maiz Nerea
Published: September 2023

Objective This study had three purposes: first, to explore differences in fetal cardiac function in patients with and without intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) based on PR interval (the interval between the beginning of the atrial contraction and the beginning of the ventricular contraction). Second, to explore a potential correlation between PR interval and bile acid levels in pregnant women with ICP. Third, to study changes in PR interval of fetuses from pregnant women with ICP after administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).

Study Design This was a prospective observational case–control study. ICP was defined as palmar plantar pruritus of nocturnal predominance for more than 1 week associated with a total bile acid level >10 μmol/L. Control cases were women with pregnancies scheduled for induction or elective cesarean section at term.

Results One hundred and ten women with ICP and 72 controls were included in the study. Median gestational age at inclusion was 35.9 weeks. Median PR interval was significantly longer in fetuses of women with ICP (122 vs. 102 ms, p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between bile acid levels and PR interval (rho = 0.723, p < 0.001). In 22 fetuses, the median PR interval decreased significantly following UDCA administration (134 vs. 118 ms, p = 0.004).

Conclusion PR interval is longer in fetuses of women with ICP. PR interval was significantly correlated with bile acid levels, and administration of UDCA significantly reduced PR interval.

Key Points
Reducing Opioid Prescribing after Cesarean Delivery by Utilizing a Tailored Opioid Prescribing Algorithm
Authors: McKenzie Christine P. , Straube Lacey E. , Webster Carolyn M. , Nielsen Matthew E. , Stuebe Alison M.
Published: September 2023

Objective There are increasing efforts among health care systems to promote safe opioid prescribing; however, best practice for minimizing overprescription is not established. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of a tailored opioid prescribing algorithm on opioid prescription quantities.

Study Design A tailored opioid prescribing algorithm was developed to provide a recommended prescription quantity based on inpatient opioid use. A retrospective analysis of opioid prescribing 3 months before and after implementation was performed. Our primary outcome was the number of oxycodone 5-mg tablets prescribed. Subgroup analysis by oxycodone consumption in the 24 hour prior to discharge was performed. Patient satisfaction and unused opioid tablets were assessed by text message survey 2 weeks' postpartum.

Results We included 627 (n = 313 preimplementation; n = 314 postimplementation) patients who underwent cesarean delivery. Clinical characteristics were similar between groups. The median number of oxycodone 5-mg tablets prescribed in the baseline group was 20 (interquartile range [IQR]: 20–30), compared with 5 (IQR: 0–10) in the tailored prescribing group (p < 0.0001). For patients with no opioid use in the 24 hours prior to discharge, the median number of tablets prescribed decreased from 20 (IQR: 10–20) to 0 (IQR: 0–5) following the intervention (p < 0.0001). The proportion of patients discharged without an opioid prescription increased from 7% (23/313) in the baseline group to 35% (111/314) in the tailored prescribing group (odds ratio: 6.9, 95% confidence interval [4.3, 11.1]).

Conclusion Tailored opioid prescribing reduced the number of opioid tablets prescribed and increased the proportion of patients who were discharged without an opioid prescription.

Key Points
Transvaginal Ovarian Cyst Drainage in Third Trimester to Facilitate Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Meljen Vivienne T. , Avram Carmen M. , Kerner Nicole P. , Rhee Eleanor H. J. , Kuller Jeffrey A. , Wheeler Sarahn M.
Published: September 2023

Adnexal masses in the third trimester of pregnancy may obstruct the pelvic outlet precluding labor induction and vaginal delivery. Expectant versus surgical management of adnexal cysts in pregnancy must carefully weigh maternal–fetal benefits and risks. Simple benign appearing cysts with low likelihood of malignancy may be amenable to percutaneous drainage as a bridge to interval postpartum laparoscopic cystectomy. We demonstrated posterior culdocentesis as a safe, minimally invasive technique to decompress a simple benign appearing left adnexal cyst obstructing the pelvic outlet in the third trimester at the time of labor induction to facilitate vaginal delivery and prevent primary cesarean delivery. Detailed sonographic cyst evaluation and counseling on underlying risk of malignancy must be considered to guide shared decision-making.
Geometry of cold snare polypectomy and risk of incomplete resection
Authors: Cronin Oliver , Kirszenblat David , Forbes Nauzer , Gupta Sunil , Whitfield Anthony , O'Sullivan Timothy , Gauci Julia , Abuarisha Muhammad , Wang Hunter , Burgess Nicholas G. , Lee Eric Y.T. , Williams Stephen J. , Bourke Michael J.
Published: September 2023

Background Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is safer than and equally efficacious as hot snare polypectomy (HSP) for the removal of small (<10mm) colorectal polyps. The maximum polyp size that can be effectively managed by piecemeal CSP (p-CSP) without an excessive burden of recurrence is unknown.

Methods Resection error risks (RERs), defined as the estimated likelihood of incomplete removal of adenomatous tissue for a single snare resection pass, for CSP and HSP were calculated, based on an incomplete resection rate. Polyp area, snare size, estimated number of resections, and optimal resection defect area were modeled. Overall risk of incomplete resection (RIR) was defined as RIR=1 – (1 – p)n, where p is the RER and n the number of resections.

Results A 40-mm polyp has a four times greater area than a 20-mm polyp (314.16mm2 vs. 1256.64mm2), and requires three times more resections (11 vs. 33, respectively, assuming 8-mm piecemeal resection pieces for p-CSP). RIRs for a 40-mm polyp by HSP and p-CSP were 15.1%–23% and 40.74%–60.60% respectively.

Conclusion RER is more important with p-CSP than with HSP. The number of resections, n, and consequently RIR increases with increasing polyp size. Given the overwhelming safety of CSP, specific techniques to minimize the RER should be studied and developed.
Simultaneous Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Lung Resection
Authors: Lianyong Jiang , Pengkai Gao , Xuefeng Zhang , Fangbao Ding , Hao Liu
Published: September 2023

Background The best surgical treatment strategy for coexisting coronary artery disease (CAD) and lung cancer (LC) remains controversial. This study analyzed the safety and efficacy of a simultaneous minimally invasive procedure for patients with CAD and LC.

Methods Patients who underwent simultaneous minimally invasive off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and lung resection from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The procedure was performed in the fourth intercostal space through a small left anterolateral minithoracotomy. Harvesting of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) and sewing of the anastomoses were performed under direct vision. Lung resections were performed with or without the assistance of a thoracoscope.

Results Sixteen patients were included with a mean age of 67.13 ± 10.61 years. Procedural success occurred in all patients with a mean operative time of 366.88 ± 94.48 minutes. All patients received at least one coronary artery bypass LIMA graft. Pneumonectomy, lobectomy, segment resection, and wedge resection were performed in one (6.25%), eight (50%), two (12.5%), and five (31.25%) patients, respectively. There were no perioperative deaths or new myocardial infarctions. Complications included one case of postoperative bleeding, two lung infections, two cases of atelectasis, one case of pleural effusion, and one case of cardiac arrhythmia. All the patients were followed up for 1 to 57 months, cancer recurrence occurred in two patients, and one patient died. The remaining patients showed no evidence of tumor recurrence or myocardial infarction.

Conclusion This simultaneous minimally invasive procedure is safe and effective for selected patients with CAD and LC.
Impact of BCL-2 Expression on Course of Disease in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Muehling Jakob , Fröba-Pohl Alexandra , Muensterer Oliver J. , von Schweinitz Dietrich , Kappler Roland
Published: September 2023

Objective The antiapoptotic BCL-2 protein has implications for maturation and differentiation of neural tissue and acts as a strong modulator of carcinogenesis in different tumors. Recent research focuses not only on its benefit as a prognostic factor, but also as a potential therapeutic target. The role of BCL-2 in neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood, remains controversial. The aim of our study was to determine the gene expression level of BCL-2 in a large cohort of neuroblastoma patients and its correlation with clinical parameters.

Methods Tumor samples and clinical data were collected from 100 neuroblastoma patients treated according to the NB2004 protocol of the German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology. BCL-2 gene expression levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and correlated with clinical parameters.

Results BCL-2 expression was detected in all tumor samples. Relative BCL-2 expression levels were higher in females versus males (1.839 vs. 1.342; p = 0.0143), in patients with low versus high International Neuroblastoma Staging System stage (2.051 vs. 1.463; p = 0.0206), in nonmetastatic versus metastatic disease (1.801 vs. 1.342; p = 0.0242), as well as in patients without presurgical chemotherapy (2.145 vs. 1.402; p = 0.0016), but was not associated with overall survival and MYCN amplification.

Conclusion Our study demonstrates the ubiquitous expression of BCL-2 in neuroblastoma and suggests the possibility for targeted therapy with BCL-2 inhibitors, even in lower-stage neuroblastoma. It also underlines the need for further research on concomitant genetic alterations for a better understanding of the impact of BCL-2 on this pediatric tumor type.
Modified 30-Degree Head-Up Tilt Park Bench Position in Semielective Posterior Fossa Surgery in a Patient with Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Sahin Sevtap Hekimoglu , Simsek Osman , Akinci Tolgay , Cakici Zafer
Published: September 2023

Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) disease is a rare genetic disorder associated with the central nervous system and visceral organs. Pheochromocytomas occur in 10% of VHL patients, while cerebellar tumors are common tumors in VHL syndrome, with an incidence of 60%. The most common position for posterior fossa operations is the park bench or lateral decubitus position. These positions have primarily replaced the sitting position. However, the advantages of the supine position cannot be overlooked. The coexistence of pheochromocytoma and the cerebellar tumor may require modification in surgical position and anesthesia management in line with possible pathophysiological changes. We present the anesthesia management in posterior fossa surgery in patients with postponed pheochromocytoma surgery. The present case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary team approach and anesthetic management.
rs1800890 Polymorphism of IL-10 and Susceptibility to Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Zeylabi Fatemeh , Jalali Mohammad Taha , Kaydani Gholam-Abbas , Jaseb Kaveh , Saki Najmaldin
Published: September 2023

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune bleeding disorder that is reported in approximately 2 out of every 100,000 adults with a mean age of 50 years. Several factors such as various genetic backgrounds are associated with the pathogenesis of ITP. Interleukin (IL)-10 is a complicated cytokine that has a role in tumor progression, antitumor immunity, and immune system regulation. rs1800890 is an IL-10 single nucleotide polymorphism linked to lower levels of IL-10. A total of 67 patients with ITP and 70 healthy individuals (controls) were considered in this study. The IL-10 polymorphism was detected by the amplification refractory mutation system–polymerase chain reaction technique. According to our analysis, individual carriers of the AA genotype were less likely to develop ITP. The AT genotype was more common in patients with ITP in comparison to the control group. However, there was no significant association between rs1800890 genotypes (p = 0.775, odds ratio =1.517, 95%) in the acute and chronic groups. We observed that women had a higher mean frequency of this polymorphism (p = 0.0012). The rs1800890 AA genotype was associated with the highest platelet counts. However, the mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width values among alleles of the polymorphisms did not vary significantly. The IL-10 rs1800890 polymorphism may have a role in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura etiology. As a result, more research with a larger number of sample sizes is suggested.
Self-Reported Lipodystrophy and Self-Perception of Body Image in Adults with HIV
Authors: Soares Lismeia R. , Casseb Jorge , Sousa Luiz Vinicius de Alcantara , Veiga Glaucia Luciano da , Alves Beatriz da Costa Aguiar , Gascón Thaís , Fonseca Fernando L.A.
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Objectives Nutritional assessment in individuals infected with HIV-1 holds significance as it allows for indirect monitoring of physiological and morphological changes, identification of nutritional risks, and effective intervention to maintain or restore nutritional status. This, in turn, contributes to enhancing the quality of life for this population. This study aims to establish a connection between self-image perceptions and body composition, biochemical profiles, and the use of lipid-lowering medications among adults with HIV who are undergoing outpatient follow-up in São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted involving 231 adults, both on and off antiretroviral drugs. The study subjectively assessed two aspects: (1) alterations in the redistribution of body fat (referred to as self-reported lipodystrophy) and (2) self-perceptions of body image. These variables were subsequently correlated with the individuals' self-perceived body image.

Results The study included 67% (n = 154) men and 33% (n = 77) women, with 28.5% (n = 66) having been exposed to some form of protease inhibitor. Among the participants, 40% (n = 98) perceived alterations in the redistribution of body fat (lipodystrophy). Notable changes included fat loss in the face, arms, thighs, and buttocks (p = 0.004, 0.006, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively), along with increased waistlines (p = 0.001), prominent veins (p = 0.001), and the presence or increase of lipomas (p = 0.046).

Conclusion A positive correlation was observed between the use of lipid-lowering medications and self-perceptions of body image. In this study, anthropometric and biochemical parameters proved more effective in assessing changes in the distribution of body fat among people living with HIV/AIDS compared to the subjective self-reported method.
Gain-assisted magnetoplasmonic switching in metal–dielectric–metal plasmonic waveguides
Authors: Pak Jin-Mi , Pae Ji-Song , Im Song-Jin , Kim Song-Chon , Kim Un-Song , Kim Kum-Dong , Song Kil-Song , Han Yong-Ha
Published: September 2023

Optical switches in metal–dielectric–metal (MIM) structures attracted much interest for chip-scale plasmonic modulator merging nanoelectronics and ultrafast photonics. The absorption switches employed gain modulations; thus, their switching speed is limited to the sub-gigahertz range because of the spontaneous lifetime of the transition. In this paper, we theoretically predicted that the function of the absorption switches is achieved employing magnetic field reversal and constant gain instead of gain modulations. We investigated analytically and numerically transmission in the presence of both gain and gyration and revealed that the transmission shift by the external magnetic field is maximized at a resonance value of gain. The switching speed can reach the THz range thanks to the large optical bandwidth in the MIM stub structures and the advanced magnetization switching technology. The MIM structure with combined gain and magnetoplasmonic properties enhances interaction between light and magnetic field on nanoscale and enables the device footprint down to the deep subwavelength scale λ2/50.
MilliKelvin microwave impedance microscopy in a dry dilution refrigerator
Authors: Cao Leonard Weihao , Wu Chen , Bhattacharyya Rajarshi , Zhang Ruolun , Allen Monica T.
Published: September 2023

Microwave impedance microscopy (MIM) is a near-field imaging technique that has been used to visualize the local conductivity of materials with nanoscale resolution across the GHz regime. In recent years, MIM has shown great promise for the investigation of topological states of matter, correlated electronic states, and emergent phenomena in quantum materials. To explore these low-energy phenomena, many of which are only detectable in the milliKelvin regime, we have developed a novel low-temperature MIM incorporated into a dilution refrigerator. This setup, which consists of a tuning-fork-based atomic force microscope with microwave reflectometry capabilities, is capable of reaching temperatures down to 70 mK during imaging and magnetic fields up to 9 T. To test the performance of this microscope, we demonstrate microwave imaging of the conductivity contrast between graphite and silicon dioxide at cryogenic temperatures and discuss the resolution and noise observed in these results. We extend this methodology to visualize edge conduction in Dirac semi-metal cadmium arsenide in the quantum Hall regime.
Generation of the high power by a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge with a perforated electrode in atmospheric pressure air
Authors: Liu Feng , Wang Yun , Wang Weiwei , Shi Guihu , Fan Zhihui , Wang Jingquan , Han Haiyan
Published: September 2023

The power is believed to play an important role in the treatment effects in both direct and indirect plasma applications. Generation of the high power has been realized by using a perforated inner electrode for a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in atmospheric pressure air. Compared with a non-perforated inner electrode, the perforated electrode has a 10%–20% and 10%–30% increase in the applied power and the discharge power, respectively. The strengthened local electric field of the perforated electrode in the coaxial DBD provides favorable conditions for the generation of the micro-discharge, thus increasing the power. To shed light on the reasons for the increase in the power, an extensive analysis of the optical and electrical characteristics of the DBD with the perforated electrode and the non-perforated one was carried out, including transferred charge, total current, number of discharge pulses, dielectric capacitance, gap capacitance, vibrational and rotational temperatures, and electron temperature trend.
Super-resolution reconstruction of structured illumination microscopy based on pixel reassignment
Authors: Liu Xing , Fang Xiang , Lei Yunze , Li Jiaoyue , An Sha , Zheng Juanjuan , Ma Ying , Ma Haiyang , Zalevsky Zeev , Gao Peng
Published: September 2023

In this work, we report a pixel reassignment based super-resolution reconstruction algorithm for structured illumination microscopy (entitled PR-SIM). PR-SIM provides a twofold theoretical resolution enhancement by reassigning the pixels in raw SIM images with respect to the center of each illumination fringe and applying further deconvolution. By comparing with frequency domain based algorithms, PR-SIM is more immune to fringe distortion and, hence, it is more suited for large-field SIM in that it processes the raw images locally. Meanwhile, the reconstruction speed of PR-SIM can be enhanced by skipping empty regions in the image and further enhanced by employing GPU-base parallel calculation. Overall, we can envisage that the PR-SIM can be extended for other illumination modulation based microscopic techniques.
Analytical solutions for resonant radiation performance of bending-mode magnetoelectric antennas
Authors: Lei Baoxin , You Zhixiong , Shi Yang
Published: September 2023

This paper proposes analytical solutions for the resonant radiation performance of bending-mode magnetoelectric (ME) antennas. The strain-mediated Converse ME (CME) coupling model of bending-mode ME antennas is first established by solving nonlinear constitutive equations and bending governing equations using the elastic mechanics method. Then, the calculated magnetic flux and electric displacement are employed to propose a resonant radiation field model based on the dipole method. The numerical results for the CME coefficient show a good agreement with the experimental data. It can be observed that the volume fraction ratio of the piezoelectric layer can control the CME coefficient and radiation efficiency with the same variation trend since it can determine the bending strain via changing the location of the neutral layer of the ME antennas, which also demonstrates the strain-mediated essence of the ME antennas. In addition, the volume fraction ratio can tune the resonant frequency within a wide range. The gain of the ME antenna is stable and higher than −168 dB with the volume fraction ratio ranging from 0.2 to 0.7. The tensile stress and compressive stress have the opposite effect on the resonant frequency at low and high bias magnetic fields. Meanwhile, the tensile (compressive) stress is beneficial for both the radiation and gain in the low (high) bias field region. This model may facilitate the understanding of the bending-mode radiation mechanism of ME antennas and provide a basis for designing asymmetric ME antennas.
Multiomic prediction of therapeutic targets for human diseases associated with protein phase separation
Authors: Lim Christine M. , González Díaz Alicia , Fuxreiter Monika , Pun Frank W. , Zhavoronkov Alex , Vendruscolo Michele
Published: September 2023

The phenomenon of protein phase separation (PPS) underlies a wide range of cellular functions. Correspondingly, the dysregulation of the PPS process has been associated with numerous human diseases. To enable therapeutic interventions based on the regulation of this association, possible targets should be identified. For this purpose, we present an approach that combines the multiomic PandaOmics platform with the FuzDrop method to identify PPS-prone disease-associated proteins. Using this approach, we prioritize candidates with high PandaOmics and FuzDrop scores using a profiling method that accounts for a wide range of parameters relevant for disease mechanism and pharmacological intervention. We validate the differential phase separation behaviors of three predicted Alzheimer’s disease targets (MARCKS, CAMKK2, and p62) in two cell models of this disease. Overall, the approach that we present generates a list of possible therapeutic targets for human diseases associated with the dysregulation of the PPS process.
TLR9 ligand sequestration by chemokine CXCL4 negatively affects central B cell tolerance
Authors: Çakan Elif , Ah Kioon Marie Dominique , Garcia-Carmona Yolanda , Glauzy Salomé , Oliver David , Yamakawa Natsuko , Vega Loza Andrea , Du Yong , Schickel Jean-Nicolas , Boeckers Joshua M. , Yang Chao , Baldo Alessia , Ivashkiv Lionel B. , Young Ryan M. , Staudt Louis M. , Moody Krishna L. , Nündel Kerstin , Marshak-Rothstein Ann , van der Made Caspar I. , Hoischen Alexander , Hayward Anthony , Rossato Marzia , Radstake Timothy R.D.J. , Cunningham-Rundles Charlotte , Ryu Changwan , Herzog Erica L. , Barrat Franck J. , Meffre Eric
Published: September 2023

Central B cell tolerance is believed to be regulated by B cell receptor signaling induced by the recognition of self-antigens in immature B cells. Using humanized mice with defective MyD88, TLR7, or TLR9 expression, we demonstrate that TLR9/MYD88 are required for central B cell tolerance and the removal of developing autoreactive clones. We also show that CXCL4, a chemokine involved in systemic sclerosis (SSc), abrogates TLR9 function in B cells by sequestering TLR9 ligands away from the endosomal compartments where this receptor resides. The in vivo production of CXCL4 thereby impedes both TLR9 responses in B cells and the establishment of central B cell tolerance. We conclude that TLR9 plays an essential early tolerogenic function required for the establishment of central B cell tolerance and that correcting defective TLR9 function in B cells from SSc patients may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to restore B cell tolerance.
Epitope-engineered human hematopoietic stem cells are shielded from CD123-targeted immunotherapy
Authors: Marone Romina , Landmann Emmanuelle , Devaux Anna , Lepore Rosalba , Seyres Denis , Zuin Jessica , Burgold Thomas , Engdahl Corinne , Capoferri Giuseppina , Dell’Aglio Alessandro , Larrue Clément , Simonetta Federico , Rositzka Julia , Rhiel Manuel , Andrieux Geoffroy , Gallagher Danielle N. , Schröder Markus S. , Wiederkehr Amélie , Sinopoli Alessandro , Do Sacramento Valentin , Haydn Anna , Garcia-Prat Laura , Divsalar Christopher , Camus Anna , Xu Liwen , Bordoli Lorenza , Schwede Torsten , Porteus Matthew , Tamburini Jérôme , Corn Jacob E. , Cathomen Toni , Cornu Tatjana I. , Urlinger Stefanie , Jeker Lukas T.
Published: September 2023

Targeted eradication of transformed or otherwise dysregulated cells using monoclonal antibodies (mAb), antibody–drug conjugates (ADC), T cell engagers (TCE), or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cells is very effective for hematologic diseases. Unlike the breakthrough progress achieved for B cell malignancies, there is a pressing need to find suitable antigens for myeloid malignancies. CD123, the interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor alpha-chain, is highly expressed in various hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, shared CD123 expression on healthy hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) bears the risk for myelotoxicity. We demonstrate that epitope-engineered HSPCs were shielded from CD123-targeted immunotherapy but remained functional, while CD123-deficient HSPCs displayed a competitive disadvantage. Transplantation of genome-edited HSPCs could enable tumor-selective targeted immunotherapy while rebuilding a fully functional hematopoietic system. We envision that this approach is broadly applicable to other targets and cells, could render hitherto undruggable targets accessible to immunotherapy, and will allow continued posttransplant therapy, for instance, to treat minimal residual disease (MRD).
Topological phase transitions and flat bands on an islamic lattice
Authors: Yan Xu-Hui , Qi Lu , Zhang Xiuyun , Liu Yongjun , He Ai-Lei
Published: September 2023

We construct an islamic lattice by considering the nearest-neighbor (NN) hoppings with staggered magnetic fluxes and the next-NN hoppings. This model supports abundant quantum phases for various values of filling fractions. At

1

/

4

filling, Chern insulator (CI) phases with Chern numbers

C
=
±
1
,
 
−
2

and a zero-Chern-number topological insulator (ZCNTI) phase exist. At

3

/

8

filling, several CI phases with Chern numbers

C
=
±
1
,
 
3

and the ZCNTI phase are obtained. For the filling fraction 3/4, CI phases with Chern numbers

C
=
±
1
,
 
2

and two ZCNTI phase areas appear. Interestingly, these ZCNTI phases host both robust corner states and gapless edge states which can be characterized by the quantized polarization and quadrupole moment. We further find that staggered magnetic fluxes can give rise to the ZCNTI state at

1

/

4

and

3

/

4

fillings. Phase diagrams for filling fractions

1

/

8

,

1

/

2

,

5

/

8

and

7

/

8

are presented as well. In addition, flat bands are obtained for various filling fractions by tuning the hopping parameters. At 1/8 filling, a best topological flat band (TFB) with flatness ratio about 12 appears. Several trivial flat bands but with total Chern number

|

C

|

=
1

emerge in this model and exactly flat band is found at 3/8 filling. We further investigate

ν
=
1

/

2

fractional Chern insulate state when hard-core bosons fill into this TFB model.
Electron contamination suppression in transmission detectors for radiotherapy
Authors: Beck Lana , De Sio Chiara , Hugtenburg Richard , Velthuis Jaap
Published: September 2023

Objective. Higher energy and intensity radiotherapy beams are being used, in part, due to the increased spatial accuracy of treatments. However, higher intensity beams can result in a larger total dose error, motivating the increasing need for real-time dose monitoring. We are developing a thin, real-time upstream monolithic active pixel sensor based system for beam monitoring with excellent precision on measuring the beam shape. Here we present a method to additionally provide dosimetry by adding thin conversion material in strips to the surface of the detector, a grating structure. Approach. By modulating the thickness of the conversion material to minimally disturb the contamination electron signal while enhancing the photon signal, the difference in these signals can be used to extract a photon-only signal, and hence dose. The simulation software Gate, based on Geant4, is utilised to study whether well functioning gratings can be better made from aluminium or copper and to optimise the thickness of a copper grating. Main results. It is possible to enhance the photon signal by a factor 6.7 (7.7) compared to the bare sensor for a 5.8 (6.7) MV beam, without modulation of the signal due to beam electrons. Significance. The grating can be used to perform dosimetry in real-time using a thin upstream detector.
Azimuthal ion movement in HiPIMS plasmas—Part II: lateral growth fluxes
Authors: Schüttler Steffen , Thiemann-Monje Sascha , Held Julian , Keudell Achim von
Published: September 2023

The transport of sputtered species from the target of a magnetron plasma to a collecting surface at the circumference of the plasma is analyzed using a particle tracer technique. A small chromium insert at the racetrack position inside a titanium target is used as the source of tracer particles, which are redeposited on the collecting surface. The azimuthal velocity of the ions along the racetrack above the target is determined from the Doppler shift of the optical emission lines of titanium and chromium. The trajectories are reconstructed from an analysis of the transport physics leading to the measured deposition profiles. It is shown that a simple direct line-of-sight re-deposition model can explain the data for low-power plasmas (direct current magnetron sputtering) and for pulsed high-power impulse magnetron plasmas (HiPIMS) by using the Thompson velocity distribution from the sputtering process as starting condition. In the case of a HiPIMS plasma, the drag force exerted on the ions and neutrals by the electron Hall current has to be included causing an azimuthal displacement in

E
⃗

×

B
⃗

direction. Nevertheless, the Thompson sputter distribution remains preserved for 50% of the re-deposited growth flux. The implications for the understanding of transport processes in magnetron plasmas are discussed.