bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(Re)criminalizing Abortion: Returning to the Political with Stories
Authors: Annas George J.
Published: December 2023

Abortion stories have always played a powerful role in advancing women’s rights. In the abortion sphere particularly, the personal is political. Following the Court’s reversal of Roe v. Wade, abortion politics, and abortion storytelling, take on an even deeper political role in challenging the bloodless judicial language of Dobbs with the lived experience of women.
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health: Undermining Public Health, Facilitating Reproductive Coercion
Authors: Ahmed Aziza , Evans Dabney P. , Jackson Jason , Meier Benjamin Mason , Tomori Cecília
Published: December 2023

Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health continues a trajectory of U.S. Supreme Court jurisprudence that undermines the normative foundation of public health — the idea that the state is obligated to provide a robust set of supports for healthcare services and the underlying social determinants of health. Dobbs furthers a longstanding ideology of individual responsibility in public health, neglecting collective responsibility for better health outcomes. Such an ideology on individual responsibility not only enables a shrinking of public health infrastructure for reproductive health, it facilitates the rise of reproductive coercion and a criminal legal response to pregnancy and abortion. This commentary situates Dobbs in the context of a long historical shift in public health that increasingly places burdens on individuals for their own reproductive health care, moving away from the possibility of a robust state public health infrastructure.
“A Vigorous Campaign against Abortion”: Views of American Leaders of Eugenics v. Supreme Court Distortions
Authors: Lombardo Paul A.
Published: December 2023

The Supreme Court decided Box v. Planned Parenthood of Indiana and Kentucky in 2019. Justice Clarence Thomas’s opinion in the case claimed there was a direct connection between the legalization of abortion, in the late 20th Century, and the beginnings of the birth control movement a full three quarters of a century earlier. “Many eugenicists,” Thomas argued, “supported legalizing abortion.”

Justice Samuel Alito highlighted similar claims in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health, citing a brief entitled “The Eugenic Era Lives on through the Abortion Movement.” That brief was an echo of Justice Thomas’ misguided attempt at history in the Box opinion. Similar claims reoccur in Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk’s opinion in the Texas mifepristone case, Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine v. U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

These false claims are the focus of this article. There is no evidence that early leaders of the eugenics movement supported abortion as part of the movement for birth control. It is accurate to describe those leaders as anti-abortion, and their followers as people who condemned abortion for moral, legal, and medical reasons.
“A Raw Blessing” – Caregivers’ Experiences Providing Care to Persons Living with Dementia in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Largent Emily A. , Peterson Andrew , Harkins Kristin , Coykendall Cameron , Kleid Melanie , Abera Maramawit , Stites Shana D. , Karlawish Jason , Clapp Justin T.
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has been devastating for people living with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers. While prior research has documented these effects, it has not delved into their specific causes or how they are modified by contextual variation in caregiving circumstances.
A large pelagic lobopodian from the Cambrian Pioche Shale of Nevada
Authors: McCall Christian R.A.
Published: December 2023

Lobopodians are an iconic and diverse group of animals from the Cambrian, which alongside radiodonts, present an important window into the evolution of arthropods and the development of Paleozoic ecosystems. Of these, a rare few species outside of Radiodonta possess lateral swimming flaps. The recent discovery of Utahnax provided much-needed insight into the evolution of swimming flaps, suggesting that the ventrolateral flaps of Kerygmachela evolved independently from other flap-bearing lobopodians and radiodonts. Here a new pelagic lobopodian species is described, Mobulavermis adustus new genus new species, the first lobopodian to be reported from the Cambrian-age Pioche Shale of Nevada. Mobulavermis adustus was large and possessed more ventrolateral flap pairs than any other known lobopodian or radiodont. It is found to be a close relative of both Kerygmachela and Utahnax, allowing the establishment of the new lobopodian family Kerygmachelidae new family. In addition, an indeterminate euarthropod fossil from the Pioche Formation is described in brief, and the recently described Chengjiang species Parvibellus avatus Liu et al., 2022, thought to have been related to the “gilled lobopodians,” is reinterpreted as a juvenile siberiid lobopodian.

UUID: http://zoobank.org/759c4eb9-ec60-4d5a-8b20-4f115ab79575
Do we need a radical redefinition of secularism? A critique of Charles Taylor
Authors: Akan Murat
Published: December 2023

Charles Taylor's “radical redefinition of secularism” has a significant place in the post-9/11 research on secularism. He replaces secularism's “old” paradigm, separation between state and religious institutions, with a “new” one, responding to diversity. Taylor appeals to French laïcité in-itself as the old paradigm. With an analysis of the parliamentary debates at the institutional origins of the old paradigm in the Third French Republic, this article questions whether Taylor's redefinition of secularism is truly radical. This historical intervention in Taylor's “radical redefinition” reformulates his novelty as the reconfiguration of the relation between generality of laws and meaning worlds in the institutional response to diversity. The Third Republic pushed generality in laws against diverse meaning worlds. Taylor (with Jocelyn Maclure) demands that general laws reasonably accommodate “meaning-giving convictions.” I explore this reversal and argue that it's questionable Taylor offers a radical redefinition of secularism—or even that we need one.
A case study on War Poses
Authors: Widström Angelica
Published: December 2023

This article delves into Sweden's evolving legal response to international crimes, notably focusing on the 2021 War Poses case before the Swedish Supreme Court. The case involves an Iraqi asylum-seeker charged with violating the personal dignity of several persons, presumed to be deceased, during a 2015 non-international armed conflict in Kirkuk, Iraq. A key contention is whether deceased individuals can be considered “protected persons” under Swedish war crimes legislation. The article examines the Swedish Supreme Court's decision, which deems deceased individuals as protected persons, drawing on the Rome Statute's Elements of Crimes. It examines the complexities surrounding the application of international humanitarian law (IHL) to cases involving the deceased and explores potential misinterpretations arising from the Court's brief and ambiguous reasoning. As Sweden grapples with the complexities of international criminal law, the article advocates for clarity and comprehensive discussion to ensure that justice is served while upholding accurate and harmonized definitions of fundamental concepts of IHL.
Environmentally sustainable mining in quarries to reduce waste production and loss of resources using the developed optimization algorithm
Authors: Jalalian Mohammad Hossein , Bagherpour Raheb , Khoshouei Mehrbod
Published: December 2023

The study of natural resources in the earth sciences focuses on the sustainable management of valuable materials like dimension stones. the quarrying of dimension stones is associated with environmental challenges such as significant amounts of waste production, and resource loss, mainly caused by discontinuities and fractures in the rock mass. Quarry optimization requires an optimal cutting pattern to increase the production of larger blocks while minimizing parameters that affect operational costs such as energy consumption. The algorithms used in the quarrying only focus on the number of blocks extracted, ignoring other factors such as energy consumption in the cutting of blocks. To address this issue, a new algorithm was developed in this study. The algorithm aims to optimize the quarrying process by analyzing the impact of discontinuities on waste production and cutting surfaces. It then provides an optimal cutting pattern for the quarry face based on the optimal value of these parameters. As a result, the use of this algorithm can serve as an efficient and valuable tool in dimension stone quarries. By implementing this algorithm, production costs, energy, and water consumption, cutting tools consumption, and waste production can be significantly reduced, leading to increased quarry profitability and decreased environmental problems.
Fasting mimicking diet cycles versus a Mediterranean diet and cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese hypertensive subjects: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mishra Amrendra , Fanti Maura , Ge Xinzhou , Vaughn Don , Brandhorst Sebastian , Wei Min , Hong Kurt M. , Pellegrini Matteo , Pijl Hanno , Houston Mark C. , Longo Valter D.
Published: December 2023

Abnormalities in the vascular endothelium such as impaired vasodilation can contribute to atherosclerosis and hypertension. Here we have performed a single-center randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of 4 months of a continuous Mediterranean diet (MD) regimen as compared to 4 cycles of fasting mimicking diet (FMD) administered for only 5 days/month on endothelial function, measured as reactive hyperemia index (RHI) and large/small-resistance artery compliance (AC1/AC2), and on other cardiometabolic risk factors, in hypertensive patients with obesity/excess weight [both sexes, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28, RHI ≤ 2.0, and/or small-resistance artery compliance (AC2) ≤ 5.0]. At the end of the intervention period, FMD but not MD decreased RHI (p = 0.0023) compared to baseline with no increase in the portion of patients with abnormal RHI. Both FMD and MD improved PULS cardiac test score; evaluating the risk of cardiovascular events. FMD and MD did not show any significant change in either AC1 or AC2 compared to baseline. Both FMD and MD led to comparable decreases in weight, waist circumference, BMI, body fat mass and % body fat, total cholesterol, and leptin. FMD decreased HbA1c (p = 0.0059) and IGF-1 (p = 0.0427), while MD decreased glucose (p = 0.0488), HOMA-IR (p = 0.0476), and HDL-C (p = 0.0419). None of the parameters were significantly different between the FMD vs. MD group at the end of the intervention period. During the 3-month follow-up period, the FMD and MD groups continued to display weight and BMI reduction; however, the MD group also lost fat free mass (FMD vs. MD, p = 0.0498). In summary, both MD and FMD reduced a range of cardiometabolic risk factors, but FMD also decreased RHI, a change associated with either impaired functional integrity of vascular endothelial cells but also with vascular rejuvenation, with the latter being more likely considering the improved cardiometabolic profile, reduced PULS cardiac score and calculated heart age, and unaltered arterial compliance in the FMD group. MD but not FMD cycles caused loss of lean body mass.
Inoculum for the cultivation of Methylosinus sporium
Authors: Kononova Ulyana , Latypova Ulyana , Pushkarev Mikhail , Kozlov Grigorii , Shamtsyan Mark
Published: December 2023

This research assessed the effect of the amount of inoculum on the specific growth rate of Methylosinus sporium culture. Methanotrophs were inoculated in different quantities onto media of the same composition and volume. Seven different initial inoculum concentrations were obtained in duplicate. Samples were cultured for 31 hours, during which sampling and optical density measurements were carried out. In accordance with the fact that the optical density is directly proportional to the concentration of microorganisms in the sample, the specific growth rate was calculated. The research revealed an interval from 6.5 to 24 hours, during which the culture demonstrates a stable growth rate of 0.06 h-1, at an inoculation dose at which the optical density of the nutrient medium with the added inoculum is 0.030-0.121.
Functional food compositions using spirulina for the production of health jelly
Authors: Bitutskaya O.I. , Donchenko L.V. , Lukyanenko M.V. , Limareva N.S.
Published: December 2023

Healthy nutrition is a key task for many countries, and its solution is to enrich food with functional food ingredients, including microalgae spirulina. The market of spirulina processed products is dynamically developing, which is due to its unique chemical composition cyanobacteria (protein substances, phycocyanin, sulfated polysaccharides), which provides immunomodulatory properties when eating its processed products. Traditionally, the Russian drink, originally used to maintain the gastrointestinal tract is jelly. The drink has a gel-like consistency and a fruity/milky taste. New types of jelly have been developed with the addition of spirulina and various fruits and vegetables (apples and ginger, apricot, grapes and apple, kiwi and banana, Jerusalem artichoke, carrot). Concentrates and dried pieces of fruits and vegetables also contain a rich complex of physiologically important substances: vitamins, micro- and macroelements, dietary fiber. Starch in the formulation was replaced with pectin, and in compositions with jerusalem artichoke and carrots, oatmeal and flaxseed flour were additionally introduced, ensuring the colloidity of the system and containing soluble dietary fiber. The high organoleptic evaluation of the developed jelly compositions showed the possibility of their implementation for the consumer market of healthy food products, and the combination of tropical fruits in recipes will expand the geography of consumers.
The effect of natural biostimulants on a productivity of different varieties of chickpea
Authors: Sadoyan R.R. , Martirosyan H.S. , Avetisyan A.S. , Suvaryan L.G.
Published: December 2023

The effect of biostimulants Agrimitin and Bacterial Melanin on winter variety Karin, spring varieties Anush and Leninakan 313 varieties of chickpea under the conditions of Armavir region of the Ararat valley, was studied. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with biostimulants was carried out with Agrimitin 2.5 nmol. - 12 and Bacterial Melanin 0.035% - 24 hours’ exposures, respectively. The field experiments were carried out with three repetitions, in 25m2 test plots, with a sowing rate of 500 thousand seeds/ha. The results of the study show that biostimulants improved the structural elements and productivity indicators of the chickpea crop, which contributed to the increase in yield. In the Agrimitin-treated version of the Karin variety, biological and actual yield indicators exceeded the control by 6.9 and 4.8 t/ha. The Agrimitin preparation compare with Bacterial Melanin for all varieties displayed a highest result. Among the tested varieties, the winter variety Karin provided an unprecedentedly high seed yield.
Digital challenges for new technologies implementation in agrarian Russia
Authors: Sadyrtdinov Ruslan
Published: December 2023

Over the past two decades, the digital divide has been gradually narrowing. However, rural areas still lag behind urban and suburban areas, especially in Internet use and access. The global pandemic of 2020 has exacerbated the effects of the digital divide. As part of this study, logistic regression models were built using data from 2019, 2020 and 2021 to study the digital divide and its predictors. The dependent variable is the number of individuals who did not have access to the Internet in the past 12 months. Average age, gender, income, disability, education and employment are selected as independent variables. The source of data is the annual Russian Monitoring of the Economic Situation and Health of the Population of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (RMES NRU HSE). In rural Russia, lockdowns caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have exacerbated the impact of the digital divide on rural communities and led to socio-economic consequences due to limited opportunities. As a result of the implementation of social isolation and quarantine measures, lack of Internet access has become a major risk for vulnerable groups of the rural population. As a result, they are deprived of the vital resources they need to overcome the pandemic economically, socially and educationally. In 2019, 2020 and 2021, an increase in the same indicators increases the risk of residents without access to the Internet falling into the group. Such predictors include incomplete secondary education, lack of work, old age and disability. All of them are challenges for further digitalization of the Russian agricultural sector.
Current approaches to increasing the profitability of small businesses within the framework of sustainable development policy
Authors: Altynova Natalya
Published: December 2023

The publication examines the essence of the company's sustainable development policy and its impact on the profitability of small business companies. Based on the analysis of scientific works by Russian and foreign authors devoted to the policy of sustainable development, and the study of the activities of a number of small business companies, the author of the publication identifies areas of corporate activity on which the policy of sustainable development can have a positive impact. The author particularly attentively studies the issue of minimizing the negative impact the company's activity has on the environment.
Concepts of sustainable development in ecological and economic systems
Authors: Neshcheret Alexander , Skivko Maria , Alamanova Chinara , Korneeva Elena , Freze Artem
Published: December 2023

This article focuses on the perspectives of ecological and economic systems to contribute to sustainable development goals. The main idea of this research is to describe the meanings of ecologic and economic systems for the realization of sustainable development ideas. One of the main assumptions relies on the interconnection of social, economic and environmental contexts that form such systems and create sustainable challenges in different areas to deal with. Therefore, this article, first, analyzes the phenomenon of urbanisation and the risks for the realization of sustainable ideas through the context of megapolises. Secondly, the article concentrates on the migration phenomenon and represents the ways that foster or block the realization of sustainable solutions. Thirdly, the article explains the risks in the area of consumption with its changing trends, attitudes and system of values within the growing attention to the sustainability discussion. Special attention is given to the category of balance in sustainability that is, if destroyed, hampers the realization of sustainable strategies.
Economic rationale for determining the optimal layout of racks and aisles in enclosed warehouses for single piece cargo
Authors: Ilesaliev Daurenbek , Sartova Rysty , Svetashev Aleksandr , Ismatullaev Azizbek , Shihnazarov Jamol
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to substantiate the effectiveness of the selection of options for the placement of racks and aisles in covered warehouses for single-piece cargo. As part of the study, the storage capacities were determined, considering the peculiarities of storage and movement of such goods. To achieve this goal, an algorithm was proposed for selecting the effective placement of aisles and racks in the warehouse. This algorithm considers various factors, such as warehouse capacity, interaction with various modes of transport and reduction of downtime of vehicles waiting for loading and unloading operations at these warehouses. The practical significance of this research lies in the fact that its results make it possible to improve the interaction of various modes of transport through the warehouse, increase the capacity of warehouses and reduce downtime of vehicles waiting to perform operations in these warehouses. This helps to reduce time costs, increase the efficiency and efficiency of warehouses, as well as improve the overall logistics chain of transportation of packaged goods.
Analysis of the statistics of information processes in telecommunication networks from the point of view of a neural-network model of the noosphere
Authors: Vitulyova Yelizaveta , Bakirov Akhat , Shaltykova Dina , Suleimenov Ibragim
Published: December 2023

It was found that the distribution of users of social networks by the number of contacts, as well as the statistics of telephone conversations by duration, obtained for different cities on the basis of experimental data, obey the same laws, expressed through a differential equation of the first order. This differential equation contains two phenomenological parameters, one of which is interpreted as the fractal dimension of the communication space, and the second is directly expressed through the Dunbar number or its analogue. Essentially, for all cities under investigation the numerical value of the parameter, interpreted as the fractal dimension of the communication space, remains constant with high accuracy. At the same time, the analogue of the Dunbar number, which describes the distribution of users of social online networks by the number of contacts, correlates with the population of the city. The results obtained are discussed from the point of view of the formation of a global communication network - the noosphere, which, due to the development of telecommunication technologies, is already de facto man-machine system. It is shown that the results obtained confirm the conclusion about the existence of objective laws describing the behavior of human-machine systems, made earlier on the basis of general philosophical considerations.
Decomposition method of synthesis of autonomous control system of multidimensional dynamic object
Authors: Siddikov Isamiddin , Izmaylova Renata , Miraliyeva Azizaxan , Iskandarov Zoxid
Published: December 2023

The work deals with issues of synthesis of multidimensional system of automatic control of dynamic object, having interconnected adjustable variables. In order to solve the task, a dynamic decomposition method is proposed, which provides autonomous control of output variables of the object. The method allows analytically synthesizing a multidimensional regulator with minimal complexity and allows ensuring stability of the control system, required dynamic properties. The structure of the multi-dimensional regulator is determined on the basis of models of the multi-dimensional control object in state variables without introducing additional stabilization elements, which will significantly simplify the structure of the synthesized system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown in the example of synthesis of a multi-dimensional control system of a two-dimensional object.
Quality indicators in methodology for designing RAM units as part of microprocessor systems in digital devices used in environmental engineering
Authors: Zolnikov Vladimir , Krivonos Valery , Arakelyan Gleb , Politi Violetta
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the design of RAM blocks as part of microprocessor systems and methods for ensuring fault tolerance. The structural diagram of RAM and the process of the influence of heavy charged particles (HCP) on a memory integrated circuit (IC) are considered. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the biopolar effect on the fault tolerance of IC elements, as well as to emerging multibit events. The article analyzes the various phases of RAM operation and the reactions of memory circuit elements to the occurrence of failures caused by the impact of environment in digital devices used in environmental engineering.
Solving the problem of calculating strain indices in echocardiography using deep learning neural networks
Authors: Alekhina Anna , Dorrer Mikhail , Sadovskiy Mikhail , Sakovich Vitaly , Demichev Igor
Published: December 2023

The paper sets the task of calculating the parameters of deformation of the heart muscle according to echocardiogram data under interference conditions, for example, in the study of children. Indicators of deformation (strain value) of the heart muscle were used by us to determine the presence and severity of dysfunction of the chambers of the heart in atrial septal defect – a congenital heart defect characterized by the presence of communication between the right and left atria. The problem was solved by analyzing the video stream obtained from the installation of echocardiography using a set of deep learning neural network architectures designed for image segmentation. The study was conducted for the U-net architecture. As a result of processing the video stream, it was possible to solve the problem of segmentation of the walls of the heart muscle and binding of key points in the condition of interference in the removal of an echocardiogram on child patients unable to remain motionless during the study. The obtained indicators provide the cardiologist with important information for determining the dysfunction of the chambers of the heart (especially the right atrium, the most compromised chamber of the heart in the studied cases) with a defect of the atrial septum.
Modeling imperative programs operations on memory in terms of Petri nets
Authors: Kharitonov Dmitry
Published: December 2023

The article discusses an approach to automatical creation of imperative programs models, designed to find errors in memory operations. The approach is based on the model division into compositional parts, including control flow models, variable, data types and pointers models. Models of data types and pointers are developed from the purposes of modeling to a proper level of detail sufficient to detect errors. To analyze the correctness of a program, a reachability graph of the model Petri net is constructed, on which deadlocks, loops, and explicitly marked erroneous events are searched. The article provides an example of a program with an error in accessing a previously freed memory block in a race condition state of parallel program threads. A model constructed for the example program in terms of Petri nets allows to track the moment an error occurs in the reachability graph.
Model for selecting available technologies based on optimality criteria under risk conditions
Authors: Rusanova E.V. , Runev E.V.
Published: December 2023

In today's rapidly developing technologies and materials, the problem of their use is especially relevant. This is primarily due to the possibility of qualitative import substitution in the domestic industry of materials that have been produced abroad for many decades. The paper proposes a mathematical model for selecting the best technology on the example of samples of ash foam concrete, based on the application of optimality criteria set on finite sets - factors (technical characteristics of objects) and alternatives (materials of different chemical composition and physical purpose). Based on the suggested model, a calculation method has been developed to standardize the materials that are used in geo-ecoprotective technologies in accordance with the technical requirements of the clients. This methodology makes it possible to make decisions about the scale of production and implementation based on monitoring data on the use of technology over a long period of operation. The choice of specific technologies from among the many technologies under consideration usually has long-term consequences on environmental safety and economic efficiency and benefits.
Modeling of the process of providing telecommunication services in cloud systems
Authors: Kanaev A.K. , Login E.V. , Poletaeva E.S.
Published: December 2023

The topic discussed in this article is related to the efficient use of resources when providing telecommunications services in a cloud environment. Telecommunications companies pay special attention to testing and introducing new digital services, including data networks. And the use of cloud services is one of the promising tasks, the solution and integration of which with existing systems and equipment will significantly increase the efficiency of the devices involved in favor of expanding the range of services provided both in relation to telecommunication networks within the technological process and in the business management of the entire company. And taking into account the currently ongoing global project to organize a multi-service data transmission network and the widespread modernization of individual regions to organize a high-speed transport data transmission network, it will allow modeling and preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of the services provided in such communication networks at the current stage.
Architectonics of advertising text with the use of Ericksonian hypnosis
Authors: Vartanova Natalia
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, advertising has penetrated into all areas of human activity. Advertising, being a multifaceted and complex phenomenon, is the object of research not only by economists, marketing specialists, sociologists, but also linguists, psychologists, architects. The increased interest in the phenomenon of advertising, of course, has also affected its verbal part in the psychological aspect. In this article we will consider verbal methods of influence in advertising texts, namely, the use of speech patterns of Ericksonian hypnosis. These patterns help not only to increase the effectiveness of the advertising text, but also to influence the consumer's behaviour.
Modeling the formation of Chinese students’ readiness to study at a Russian university using Orange Data Mining
Authors: Yadrovskaya M. V. , Dudukalova D. S. , Ivanova O. M.
Published: December 2023

In a study using a systematic approach to describe the learning process, based on intellectual analysis of the opinions of the students themselves using Orange Data Mining and the scientific literature describes the factors and related problems that influence the readiness formation of the Chinese students to study specialties in Russian. Based on the analysis, a model for the readiness formation of Chinese students to study at a Russian university was built. The model can be used as a tool for regulating the process of readiness formation, which affects the success of the learning process, and, ultimately, the quality of professional training of Chinese students.
Assessment of university students’ need to acquire knowledge about ecology
Authors: Timkina Yuliya , Mikhaylova Yuliya
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the necessity and possibility of including an integrated module of environmental education and foreign language in the training of bachelors at the university. It is noted that the inclusion of environmental education in a foreign language course contributes to the expansion of knowledge acquired earlier, reduces the burden on students, meets the needs of society and the individual. To design an integrated module, it is necessary to determine the readiness and desire of students for environmental education. The authors developed a questionnaire consisting of four blocks aimed at determining previous environmental education in various forms, students’ involvement in personal environmental practices, knowledge and attitude towards measures to improve the environment; students’ needs in environmental education. It is established that a minority of students are involved in personal practices of pollution reduction, students show pessimism in the use of modern technologies, are focused on state measures and control in the field of environmental protection. On the one hand, respondents note the need for knowledge on environmental issues; on the other hand, they believe that only special disciplines are able to provide this data, given that such disciplines are not included in the curriculum at non-core faculties. The data obtained confirm the relevance of the integrated course, allow us to identify topics that are designed to provide students with new knowledge and strengthen confidence in the technological solution of many environmental problems, as well as support students in applying personal practices that reduce environmental harm.
Creating environment for students to make interdisciplinary competences in botany
Authors: Klimenko Mikhail , Tarasovskaya Nataliya , Khamzina Sholpan , Zhumadilov Bulat , Zhumabekova Bibigul
Published: December 2023

The authors have developed an innovative botanical course that integrates genetic ideas into the botany curriculum. The process of choosing regional relics was conducted with the aim of illustrating the notions of full and partial dominion. This paper presents a novel phenetic approach for examining population genetic trends via the analysis of discrete alternative characteristics. In order to achieve this purpose, it is recommended to choose plant specimens from the local area that have significant morphological variety. This will allow students to actively participate in the collecting and study process during trips. The educational institution’s curriculum integrates research components and cultivates the growth of mathematical statistical skills for the purpose of conducting quantitative analysis of results. The exploitation of currently available regional objects demonstrates the concept of the law of homologous series in genetic diversity and mutagenesis in plants. One of the recommended papers provides a detailed and concentrated overview of the developmental cycles seen in the primary plant categories. The investigation of hybridization in plants is often undertaken via the examination of this phenomena over a diverse range of plant species, including both widely dispersed wild plants and cultivated varieties. These botanical specimens have the capacity to engage in crossbreeding, leading to the emergence of hybrids that may occur either naturally or by deliberate human intervention.
Ecological education as a basis for social sustainable development
Authors: Nurova Oksana
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyse the impact of environmental education on the sustainable development of society, to determine the role and place of environmental education in the social and life processes of society development. The objectives of the study were: to analyse the state of environmental education, to study the problems and peculiarities of environmental education implementation in the context of globalisation. When conducting the research, general scientific methods of cognition were used. The method of information search allowed to collect the necessary material on the topic of research. The author made a theoretical analysis of empirical material. Research touches on the issues of the formation of environmental education in educational institutions. The article is devoted to the analysis of the perspective directions of the formation of the institute of environmental education, including the application of international practice. The paper explores the concept of developing ecological thinking, identifies promising vectors for the formation of environmental education, and sets the tasks of environmental education in the existing educational system. The author gives classification of ecological problems, and the directions of solution of the revealed problems are defined. The author summarises the material on the issues of environmental education and formulates proposals for the use of new forms of organisation of effective environmental work. It is proved that environmental education is the foundation of sustainable development of society.
Multicriteria models for structural analysis of human capital reproduction strategies of knowledge-intensive enterprises in the context of digitalization
Authors: Kartsan Igor , Zhukov Aleksandr , Pronichkin Sergey
Published: December 2023

Improving the human capital reproduction organization, which is a key guideline on the path of innovative development of the digital economy, requires fundamentally new approaches to finding sources of investment in the intangible digital assets formation. It is proposed to calculate the growth rate of the value of intangible digital assets of a knowledge-intensive enterprise on the basis of a reinvestment mechanism according to many criteria. Multi-criteria models have been developed to reflect the potential production capabilities of knowledge-intensive enterprises, their ability to increase investment potential through the introduction of various strategies for the human capital reproduction.
Development of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of business processes and sustainable development of a higher educational institution
Authors: Kudryavtseva Irina , Pocebneva Irina , Kurakova Oksana
Published: December 2023

The article develops a mechanism for the formation of a system of indicators that allows to ensure the effectiveness of the university in the context of digital transformation and further sustainable development. In general, the process of developing indicators of efficiency of the activities of structural units of the university and their distribution by levels of responsibility is presented. The concept of forming the target model of the university is proposed, which allows for the transition to the model of a digital university with taking into account the impact on the social and business environment of the institution that will occur as a result of the transformation.
Digital competencies of higher education’s scientific and pedagogical staff in Russia: The practice of empirical research
Authors: Filimonyuk Lyudmila , Ivashova Valentina , Burlyaeva Victoria , Bogdanova Marina , Litvinova Elena
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of theoretical generalization and empirical verification of the developed model of digital competencies of scientific and pedagogical staff of the Russian universities. A brief review of publications confirmed the relevance of the research and showed the main vectors of scientific search. The analysis of digital competencies of scientific and pedagogical staff of higher education was carried out by the method of an expert survey using a Google Form on the basis of the universities of Stavropol Krai (Russia). A total of 297 people took part in the survey. In the questionnaire of the expert survey, information modules were presented. They characterize the digital competencies of scientific and pedagogical staff of the university: information literacy, communication and cooperation, digital content design, security and responsible use of the online environment, organization of training in a digital environment. The results of the study allow us to update the model of digital competencies of scientific and pedagogical staff of higher education in Russia. It helps to describe their structural components: possession of the technological component of digital processes in educational activities; accessible and understandable positioning of the teacher and the subject area in the digital space, ensuring effective interaction in the “mentor – student” system; comprehensive digital security of educational activities. The empirical results obtained make it possible to develop additional educational programs for scientific and pedagogical staff, taking into account the actual need for the development of knowledge, skills and abilities in the subject area.
Exploring environmental technologies for optimizing vehicle management in commercial warehouses
Authors: Ilesaliev Daurenbek , Samatov Gaffor , Sarvirova Natalya , Mustanov Odilbek , Kutlumuratov Jumamurat
Published: December 2023

This research article focuses on exploring environmental technologies to optimize vehicle management in commercial warehouses, specifically by studying the nature of incoming streams. The paper investigates key aspects related to supply volume determination, delivery frequency, and timing. The authors conduct a thorough analysis of existing methods for assessing the nature of incoming streams and propose their own approach, utilizing mathematical models. By integrating environmental technologies into vehicle management, this study aims to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of transportation processes in commercial warehouses.
Modeling of the vehicle emissions distribution in a street canyon with vegetation
Authors: Danilkin Evgeniy , Leshchinskiy Dmitriy , Yumin Kirill
Published: December 2023

A microscale mathematical model of turbulent flow has been developed to study the distribution of vehicle emissions in city blocks and street canyons, taking into account the influence of vegetation. A study was carried out of the influence of vegetation on the flow structure and the integral characteristics of the vehicle emissions concentration in a street canyon.
Development of a mathematical model of the movement of wagons
Authors: Abdullaev Rustam , Adilov Nodir , Juraeva Diyora , Makhmudov Anvar , Ergasheva Vasila
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of modeling displacements and tensions in the flexible elements of cargo fasteners placed with the displacement of the common center of gravity across the car when the rolling stock is moving downhill.
To the substantiation of charge air parameters on different operating modes of diesel engines of diesel locomotives
Authors: Ablyalimov O.
Published: December 2023

A numerical method is proposed for quantitative assessment of the specific effective air consumption and the influence of atmospheric air temperature on the working process of a diesel engine, taking into account various modes of its operation. The dynamics of changes in the values of the coefficients of excess air and filling the cylinder with a fresh air charge over the period of the diesel operating process is substantiated depending on the temperature of the outside and charge air, as well as the position of the locomotive driver’s controller, obtained in the form of tabular data and graphical dependencies. The possibilities of increasing the fuel efficiency of operating diesel engines up to 5 - 10 percent through quantitative and qualitative regulation of coolant temperatures or through throttling, heating and cooling of charge air are formulated. It is recommended to continue research to improve the quality of the operating process of supercharged transport diesel engines by substantiating the air characteristics of such diesel engines and their subsequent combination with diesel locomotive and fuel characteristics under partial load conditions and, especially, at low ambient temperatures.
To the study of 10D100 diesel engines of operating diesel locomotives by the fuel supply advance angle
Authors: Ablyalimov O.
Published: December 2023

The results of the justification for the distribution of diesel engines 10D100 are presented, taking into account the value of the actual advance angle of fuel supply at the nominal operating mode of the diesel generator set of operating diesel locomotives. A methodology for studying the dynamics of changes in the empirical and theoretical distribution of quantities is proposed, lean on the basic principles of probability theory and mathematical statistics, taking into account the criteria of agreement of Pearson and A. N. Kolmogorov's. It has been proven that the distribution of the studied diesel locomotive diesel engines according to the actual fuel supply advance angle corresponds to the law of normal distribution. It is recommended to continue these studies for partial load conditions, covering a larger number of operating diesel locomotives on railway sections of different complexity.
Updating the numerical characteristics of main resistance to wagon movement when rolling down a hump
Authors: Klimov Alexander , Bessonenko Sergey , Ol’geizer Ivan , Kornienko Konstantin
Published: December 2023

The parameters for humps are designed by the results of the roll-down of wagons with the design running performance. The numerical characteristics of the main specific resistance forces to the movement of wagons currently used in hump design are given in the Rules and Regulations for Marshalling Facilities Design of the 2003 edition. A wagon fleet in operation at the railway network has been significantly renewed, thus requiring a revision of the characteristics of the main specific resistance to wagon movement arising from their roll-down from a hump. The research subject in this paper is the process of rolling individual wagons down the hump. The purpose of the research is to determine the numerical characteristics of the main specific resistance force to the movement of wagons and to compare them with the current values. The findings showed a significant improvement in the running properties of the wagon fleet which is currently in operation and a reduction in values for the main specific resistance force compared to the existing regulations. It was found that the conditions to design humps according to the earlier regulations did not meet the actual operating conditions. The reduced values of the main specific resistance force contribute to an increase in the roll-down speeds of cuts at the designed hump sections, resulting in increased operating costs for braking and an increased risk of abnormal situations at their split-up. In fact, adjustments to the roll-down speeds of cuts are conducted by hump automation systems, including adaptive roll-down speed control systems. Thus, the task to adjust methods for designing hump parameters and their synchronisation with the changed operating conditions is relevant at the present stage of railway transport development.
Evaluating the energy efficiency of rolling stock power units
Authors: Kochergin Victor , Abramov Andrey , Zinchenko Evgeniy
Published: December 2023

The paper describes the main methods of ensuring the energy efficiency of rolling stock, and justifies the main generalised functional quality indicators of control systems. There is a description of possible approaches to a comparative assessment of the feasibility of choosing a control method. A proposal to use a generalized target functional for minimizing the cost components of the control processes has been made. The results of the research make it possible to state that economic feasibility and minimisation of labour and material costs for control are the mandatory requirement when choosing methods of controlling the energy efficiency of rolling stock. It is shown that the control of parameters necessary for accounting and planning can be ineffective because of the high cost of acquisition and maintenance of control tools. Expressions for determining the components of the total cost of control are presented. In general terms they consist of the cost of control, the cost of measurement errors and the cost of machine downtime during control. A control system based on an algorithm for measuring fuel consumption by measuring the electrical power of a diesel generator has been developed. The replacement of average normative values of fuel consumption by actual values of total and specific fuel consumption makes it possible to increase the objectivity of rolling stock energy efficiency control.
Peculiarities of the Influence of hydraulic vibration damper failures upon the dynamics of a passenger car
Authors: Martynenko L.V.
Published: December 2023

When the car is moving along periodic irregularities of the track at a speed when the frequencies of forced and natural oscillations are close in magnitude, large amplitudes of vibrations of the body on the springs may occur, if there are no or small resistance forces in the spring suspension system. To dampen resonant vibrations, special dampers are introduced into the spring suspension system, which make it possible to reduce the amplitudes and accelerations of the driving motion, and, consequently, to reduce the impact of dynamic forces on the elements of the bogie car with different load capacity (passenger, mail and baggage cars and restaurant cars). Hydraulic vibration dampers of viscous resistance, which, despite the complication of manufacturing, repair and maintenance, are used in the bogies of passenger cars, elastic elements that do not have internal friction are used. Vertical and inclined hydraulic vibration dampers used in wagon bogies have a telescopic piston design. They are easy to operate and have a low weight.