bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life and Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicines among Narcotics Anonymous Patients: A Cross‐Sectional Study in Southeast Iran
Authors: Dehghan Mahlagha , Mirza Hemn Kaka , Alaeifar Sobhan , Jazinizadeh Moazemeh , Iranmanesh Mohammad Hossein , Mohammadiakbarabadi Fateme , Salehi Mina , Ghonchehpour Asma , Zakeri Mohammad Ali
Published: September 2023

Background. Addiction, a chronic and recurrent disorder, is associated with lasting changes in the brain and can significantly affect the quality of life of people. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) along with modern medical treatments can improve the quality of life of individuals. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) and quality of life in narcotics anonymous patients. Methods. This cross‐sectional study was performed on 189 narcotics anonymous patients in southeastern Iran. Using questionnaires such as the demographic information, the World Health Organization Quality of Life‐BREF (WHOQOL‐BREF), CAM, and satisfaction with the use of CAM, the researcher was able to compile a comprehensive picture of the population. Results. The mean score of overall quality of life and general health was 64.02 ± 23.32. Overall, 66.1 percent (n = 125) of the participants reported using at least one type of CAM in the previous year. Last year, 25.9% of participants used at least one kind of CAM, 22.8% used two types of CAM, 7.9% used three types of CAM, and 4.8% used four to five types of CAM. Thirty‐nine point seven percent of them reported using prayer, 36.5% reported using medicinal herbs, 15.3% of participants reported using massage, 14.3% of participants reported using dietary supplements, 12.2% reported using wet cupping, and 8.5% reported using meditation. There were no significant differences in physical, psychological, environmental, and overall quality of life between CAM users and non‐CAM users. The prayer users had significantly higher scores in terms of social relationships, environment, and overall quality of life than nonprayer users. Employed participants and opium users had significantly higher overall quality of life than others. Conclusion. Although there was no difference in quality of life between CAM and non‐CAM users, the present study showed that prayer and medicinal herbs were the most commonly used methods among narcotics anonymous patients. However, prayer and religious beliefs were successful in improving the quality of life of these individuals. Physicians and other healthcare providers must advise patients with addiction to use different CAMs in order to improve their quality of life and quit narcotics. Future in‐depth studies could help these patients use CAMs and improve their quality of life.
Modification of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Millet by Selenylation and Its Immune-Enhancing Activity
Authors: Ge Yunfei , Wei Chunhong , Liu Dezhi , Cao Longkui
Published: September 2023

The immune activity of polysaccharides increases after structural modification, whereas the structure of dietary fiber is similar to that of polysaccharides, and research on the chemical modification of dietary fiber is lacking. Therefore, in this study, we used soluble dietary fiber from millet to chelate metal selenium ions, named the selenium-enriched additive (SDF-Se), and investigated its effects on macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells in vitro. The results showed that SDF-Se could activate RAW 264.7 cells through NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and promote the accumulation of the reactive oxygen species, thereby increasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 and releasing numerous NO molecules. Furthermore, SDF-Se treatment induced NK cells to secrete cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α), cytoplasmic granules (granzyme-B), surface-activating receptors (NKp44), and increased CD56 and CD107a expressions, which promote NK cell cytotoxic responses. These results suggest that SDF-Se can promote macrophage and NK cell activation and be used as a potent immunostimulant.
Modified Differential Evolution Algorithm for Governing Virtual Inertia of an Isolated Microgrid Integrating Electric Vehicles
Authors: Mishra Debayani , Maharana Manoj Kumar , Kar Manoj Kumar , Nayak Anurekha , Cherukuri Murthy
Published: September 2023

In modern power systems, there is a greater penetration of renewable sources, resulting in the expansion of microgrid. By implementing RES instead of conventional synchronous machines, the system’s overall inertia is significantly reduced. Modern and future power systems must reduce system inertia and keep the frequency at its nominal value since frequency oscillation impacts on the functionality, stability, and resilience of the system. Therefore, creating a stable, scalable, and reliable virtual inertia control system is crucial to effectively minimize the deviations during significant contingencies. Consequently, taking into account the probable issues, the foremost objective of this research work is to improve the dynamic security of an island microgrid through the implementation of a frequency control concept based on virtual inertia control. In the research study, the proposed microgrid system comprises of photovoltaics, wind-generating units, thermal power units, storage units, electric vehicles (EVs), and loads. A cascaded PIDFN controller is optimally designed using a novel metaheuristic modified differential evolution (MDE) algorithm that regulates the frequency based on virtual inertia control. In the MATLAB®/SIMULINK environment, various operating situations such as load variations, RES, and EVs disconnection are investigated, and the performance of the VIC-based MDE controller was compared to that of other controllers based on evolutionary optimization algorithms such as DE and TLBO. The results validate that the recommended virtual inertia control strategy enhances the reliability of the system.
Influence of Inflammatory Cytokines IL-1β and IFNγ on Sarcoplasmic Aggregation of p62 and TDP-43 in Myotubes
Authors: McCord Bryony , Day Richard M.
Published: September 2023

Skeletal muscle of patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) presents with inflammation, including upregulation of inflammatory cytokines such as interferon γ (IFNγ). Non-inflammatory features are also observed, like the sarcoplasmic accumulation of proteins including TDP-43 and p62. This study aimed to investigate the effect of IFNγ and interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) on TDP-43 and p62 aggregation in vitro. Primary human myotubes were treated with IL-1β (20 ng/mL) and IFNγ (750 ng/mL) separately or combined for 48 hr. Sarcoplasmic TDP-43 aggregates and p62 puncta were assessed using image analysis for size, frequency, and colocalization with each other. Total protein expression of TDP-43, p62 and LC3 was assessed using western blotting. The subcellular localization of TDP-43 was also analyzed using image analysis. Combined IL-1β and IFNγ treatment increased puncta size of p62 compared to control (0.49 ± 0.13 µm2 versus 0.28 ± 0.06 µm2), without affecting puncta frequency or p62 expression but with an increased LC3II/LC3I ratio, suggesting autophagic alterations. IL-1β or IFNγ did not alter p62 puncta size or frequency, suggesting a combined insult of multiple inflammatory mediators is necessary to cause p62 alterations. IL-1β increased p62 protein expression in an autophagy-independent manner. None of the cytokine treatments affected TDP-43 protein expression, size, or frequency of TDP-43 aggregates or localization, suggesting IL-1β and IFNγ may influence TDP-43 processing in human skeletal muscle cells. TDP-43 was localized to the sarcoplasm under control conditions, suggesting this may not be a pathological feature. Overall, sIBM-like TDP-43/p62 features were not triggered by IL-1β and/or IFNγ.
Aseguramiento de la calidad en la Educación Superior en el mundo: lecciones para Chile
Authors: Barrientos Oradini Nicolás
Published: September 2023

Sobre el aseguramiento de la calidad de la educación superior, en Europa, se ha analizado ampliamente las repercusiones de la declaración de Bolonia, destacando tanto sus logros como contradicciones en los países miembros. Continuar leyendo...
Low-Grade Uterine Leiomyosarcoma Is Highly Sensitive to Hormonal Treatment
Authors: Sanfilippo Roberta , Sbaraglia Marta , Fabbroni Chiara , Croce Sabrina , Ray-Coquard Isabelle , Guermazi Fatma , Paolini Biagio , Blanc-Durand Félix , Lecesne Axel , Chiappa Valentina , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Casali Paolo Giovanni
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

According to the World Health Organization classification system, uterine leiomyosarcomas (ULMS) are high-grade. A diagnosis of smooth-muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) is made when Stanford Criteria for ULMS are not met. When a STUMP recurs, the tumor is diagnosed as ULMS and medical treatment is the same as for ULMS. In recent years, some sarcoma centers valued the less aggressive clinical behavior of several recurring STUMP and, given their expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, started to treat them with hormonal therapy.

Experimental Design:

This was a retrospective cohort analysis conducted at three referral centers joining the Leiomyosarcoma Foundation Roundtable. We selected all cases of uterine smooth muscle tumors consistent with STUMP and treated with hormonal therapy.

Results:

27 consecutive patients were identified. Median age at diagnosis was 43 years. Stage was IA-IB in more than 70% of patients. In these patients, median time to relapse was 62 months. Sites of first relapses were mostly pelvis and peritoneum (76%). After a median follow-up of 49 months, 14 patients (52%) had a partial response while 10 (37%) had a minor response or stable disease. Median time to progression was not reached.

Conclusions:

We observed a response or long-term stability rate on hormonal therapy in the 90% range; in all cases the time to relapse was significantly longer than in ULMS and in most cases the relapse was abdominal. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that a proportion of patients with uterine smooth muscle neoplasms actually present with a “low-grade ULMS.”
TABLE 5 from Association of Employment Disruptions and Financial Hardship Among Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer in the United States: Findings from a Nationally Representative Study
Authors: Halpern Michael T. , de Moor Janet S. , Han Xuesong , Zhao Jingxuan , Zheng Zhiyuan , Yabroff K. Robin
Published: September 2023

Multivariable logistic model examining associations with number of financial hardships (OR, 95% CI)a
Supplementary Table 5 from Association of Employment Disruptions and Financial Hardship Among Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer in the United States: Findings from a Nationally Representative Study
Authors: Halpern Michael T. , de Moor Janet S. , Han Xuesong , Zhao Jingxuan , Zheng Zhiyuan , Yabroff K. Robin
Published: September 2023

Supplementary Table 5
Supplementary Table 4 from Association of Employment Disruptions and Financial Hardship Among Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer in the United States: Findings from a Nationally Representative Study
Authors: Halpern Michael T. , de Moor Janet S. , Han Xuesong , Zhao Jingxuan , Zheng Zhiyuan , Yabroff K. Robin
Published: September 2023

Supplementary Table 4
Supplementary Table 2 from Association of Employment Disruptions and Financial Hardship Among Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer in the United States: Findings from a Nationally Representative Study
Authors: Halpern Michael T. , de Moor Janet S. , Han Xuesong , Zhao Jingxuan , Zheng Zhiyuan , Yabroff K. Robin
Published: September 2023

Supplementary Table 2
Data from Association of Employment Disruptions and Financial Hardship Among Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer in the United States: Findings from a Nationally Representative Study
Authors: Halpern Michael T. , de Moor Janet S. , Han Xuesong , Zhao Jingxuan , Zheng Zhiyuan , Yabroff K. Robin
Published: September 2023

Financial hardship (FH), defined as adverse patient effects due to cancer costs, is experienced by approximately half of individuals diagnosed with cancer. Many individuals diagnosed with cancer also experience disruptions with their employment. This study examines associations of employment disruptions and FH among a nationally representative sample of individuals diagnosed with cancer in the United States. We utilized 2016/2017 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Experiences with Cancer data from individuals who worked for pay following cancer diagnosis. Employment disruption included taking extended paid time off work; switching to part-time/less demanding jobs; and/or retiring early due to cancer diagnosis/treatment. FH domains included: material (e.g., borrowing money/financial sacrifices); psychologic (e.g., worrying about medical bills/income); and behavioral (delaying/forgoing healthcare services because of cost). Multivariable logistic regression analyses determined associations of employment disruption and FH. Among 732 individuals with a cancer history, 47.4% experienced employment disruptions; 55.9% experienced any FH. Any FH was significantly more common among individuals with versus without employment disruptions across multiple measures and domains (68.7% vs. 44.5%; P value of difference <0.0001). Individuals with employment disruptions were more likely to have any FH [OR, 2.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.62–3.52] and more FHs (OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.96–3.89]. This study highlights that employment disruptions are common and significantly associated with multiple domains of FH among individuals with a cancer history. Employer workplace accommodation, physician discussions regarding potential impacts of cancer care on employment, and other policies to minimize employment disruptions among individuals diagnosed with cancer may reduce FH in this vulnerable population.
Significance:
Individuals diagnosed with cancer may have employment disruptions; they may also develop FHs. People with cancer who have employment changes are more likely to also have FHs. Physicians and employers can help individuals with cancer through advancing planning, workplace assistance, and improved medical leave and insurance policies.
Relationship between Total Kihon Checklist Score and Age-Specific Deaths among Late-Stage Older Adults in Otawara City (Aged 75 and Older) over a 15-Year Period
Authors: Ito Akihiro , Igawa Tatsuya , Ishizaka Masahiro , Hashimoto Naori , Hara Tsuyoshi
Published: September 2023

Introduction: While the Japanese long-term care insurance system supports an ageing society, there are concerns about the shortage of financial resources and labour force. Further, extending healthy life expectancy and narrowing the gap with the average life expectancy are important issues. In this study, we aimed to examine, over a 15-year period, the relationship between the total Kihon Checklist (t-KCL) score and age-specific deaths among late-stage older adults aged 75 and older who were not certified for long-term care insurance. Methods: The participants were older adults residing in Otawara City, Tochigi Prefecture, who were aged 75 years or older as of 2006. The participants, who were not certified by the long-term care insurance system, were asked to complete the KCL by a community welfare committee member. Based on their t-KCL scores, the participants were classified as robust (0–3 points), pre-frail (4–7 points), and frail (≥8 points). The deaths of those aged 75–89 years who had completed the KCL were investigated. Information on deaths was obtained from local authorities. Statistics were examined for the risk of robust, pre-frail, and frail mortality using a Cox proportional hazards model with age and gender as covariates for the 75–79, 80–84, and 85–89 age groups. Results: Of the 7,924 participants, 3,423 (75–79 years: 1,990, 80–84 years: 1,059, 85–89 years: 374) were ultimately eligible for the study. Of these, 2,450 (75–79 years: 1,238, 80–84 years: 861, 85–89 years: 351) died over the 15-year study period. Hazard ratios for death in frailty as determined by the t-KCL score were 1.337 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.162–1.540) for the pre-frail group and 2.012 (95% CI, 1.7756–2.305) for the frail group at 75–79 years, respectively, compared with the robust group; 1.511 (95% CI, 1.271–1.797) at 80–84 years only in the frail group; and 1.567 (95% CI, 1.140–2.154) at 85–89 years, also in the frail group. Discussion: The relationship between frailty and mortality weakens after age 80. The results suggest that factors other than frailty may have a stronger influence on mortality risk after the age of 80.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ХРОНІЧНОЇ ТОКСИЧНОСТІ ПАРЕНТЕРАЛЬНОЇ ФОРМИ ІНГІБІТОРА ФУНКЦІЇ НАДНИРКОВИХ ЗАЛОЗ о,п΄-ДДД (ХЛОДИТАНУ)
Authors: Simurov O. V. , Bal’on Y. G. , Poliakova L. I. , Khovaka V. V. , Simurova N. V. , Kravchenko V. I.
Published: September 2023

Мета роботи. Експериментальне вивчення хронічної токсичності 5 % розчину для ін’єкцій інгібітора функції надниркових залоз о,п΄-ДДД (хлодитану).
Матеріали і методи. Об’єкт дослідження – парентеральна форма о,п΄-ДДД. Експеримент проводили на щурах-самцях лінії Вістар протягом 90 днів. На початку дослідження, а також на 14-ту, 30-ту та 90-ту доби проводили аналізи крові та сечі. В кінці експерименту здійснено гістологічні дослідження надниркових залоз, нирок, печінки та серця.
Результати й обговорення. Проведено доклінічні дослідження нової лікарської форми препарату о,п΄-ДДД та визначено її хронічну токсичність. Гематологічні аналізи крові показали, що вже після 14 діб введення розчинника і розчину препарату спостерігаються значні зміни гематологічних показників (лейкоцитів та тромбоцитів). Те, що отримані результати для обох чинників подібні, свідчить, що прояви токсичного ефекту, насамперед, зумовлені дією розчинника. Гістологічні дослідження основних органів тварин виявили значні ушкодження клітин пучкової зони надниркових залоз і невеликі зміни в печінці. Серце і нирки не зазнали ушкоджень.
Висновки. Показано, що при довготривалому безперервному введенні препарату відбувається активація гіпоталамо-гіпофізарно-адреналової системи у відповідь на значне зниження рівня глюкокортикоїдних гормонів внаслідок руйнування продукуючих їх клітин. Гістологічними дослідженнями встановлено, що при перитонеальному введенні розчин о,п΄-ДДД справляє специфічний ушкоджувальний вплив на клітини пучкової зони надниркових залоз. Розчин о,п΄-ДДД справляє помірний вплив на печінку щурів, серце та нирки не зазнають ушкоджень. Виявлені токсичні ефекти зумовлені, насамперед, дією розчинника.
СИСТЕМНЕ ФОРМУВАННЯ І РОЗВИТОК КЛІНІЧНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ СТУДЕНТІВ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ ПРОБЛЕМНИХ МЕТОДІВ НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Шевченко В. Г. , Муравйов П. Т. , Колодій В. В. , Бородаєв І. Є.
Published: September 2023

Анотація. Основною метою навчання майбутніх лікарів є системне формування і розвиток клінічного мислення як основи професійної творчої діяльності, як квінтесенції високого загального інтелектуального потенціалу. Системний розвиток клінічного мислення майбутніх лікарів передбачає комплексний підхід до формування професійних знань і навичок, активне застосування проблемних методів навчання на лекціях, практичних заняттях та під час самостійної роботи студентів-медиків. Проблемні методи навчання передбачають активну участь студентів у процесі навчання та розв’язання реальних завдань із певної галузі знань.
Таким чином, використання проблемних методів навчання для системного формування і розвитку клінічного мислення майбутніх лікарів є раціональним і перспективним процесом, який потребує подальшого розвитку і поширення застосування.
Palavras iniciais
Authors: Nowinska Magdalena , Uphoff Dörthe
Published: September 2023

Com este número, a Pandaemonium Germanicum chega ao seu número 50. Lançada há26 anos, a Pandaemonium Germanicum é a revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação emLíngua e Literatura Alemã da Universidade de São Paulo. Para marcar essa efeméride,resolvemos olhar para trás, para o início da revista, para a sua trajetória nos seus 26 anose 50 volumes de atuação no mundo acadêmico brasileiro (e fora dele) e tentar lançaralguns olhares para o futuro.
Entre Europa y Sudamérica: una biografía de Hans-Adalbert von Maltzahn
Authors: Giovannini Gustavo
Published: September 2023

Reseña de: Andrej Seuss, Der Vice-Malik. Hans-Adalbert von Maltzahn - Berliner Bohème und Pariser Exil. Berlin: Vergangenheitsverlag, 2022. ISBN 978-3-86408-282-5.
O palco na cidade: as resenhas teatrais do Prager Tagblatt na produção de Alfred Döblin
Authors: Bitencourt Gabriela Siqueira
Published: September 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as resenhas teatrais de Alfred Döblin, escritas para o jornal Prager Tagblatt, entre os anos 1921 e 1924, e reunidas posteriormente sob o título de Ein Kerl muß eine Meinung haben. Partindo sobretudo da primeira resenha, “Theater in Berlin”, pretendemos indicar a sua relevância no conjunto da obra de Alfred Döblin e destacar como as transformações urbanas e os acontecimentos sociais são incorporados textualmente.Procuraremos, também, demonstrar que essas resenhas constituem uma oportunidade para identificar elementos menos conhecidos pelo público brasileiro acerca da cena teatral berlinense daqueles anos, bem como para se observar o desdobramento de aspectos recorrentes da teoria de Döblin – a exemplo da questão do naturalismo – em sua crítica teatral.
A marionete como imagem da ilustração em Heinrich von Kleist: um retorno ao Über das Marionettentheater (1810)
Authors: Silva Lucas
Published: September 2023

Propomos uma leitura do conto Über das Marionettentheater (1810) a partir da ideia de que ele pode ser lido pela dimensão da ilustração, marcada pela comunicação entre texto e imagem. A dimensão visual do texto de Kleist mostra que, embora de existência verbal, a marionete se constitui como uma imagem ativa, ao redor da qual o texto se organiza e cria novas imagens para o exercício da reflexão. Para tanto, utilizamos Renée R. Hubert (1988) sobre a importância desse texto para os desenhistas do século XX com a ilustração surrealista e na leitura de Carina Z. Silva (2018; 2019) do paradoxo em Kleist. Buscamos contribuir com o entendimento de Kleist como um artista que dialoga com as artes plásticas a partir da própria natureza de sua obra.
O destino imóvel: um poema francês de Rilke e o princípio da reflexão
Authors: Santos Paulo Roberto Licht dos
Published: September 2023

Um poema francês de Rilke, publicado em 1926 com o ciclo de poemas Vergers, é traduzido aqui em duas versões similares, mas não idênticas. O poema e sua dupla tradução dão origem a duas perguntas: (1) por que a recepção dos poemas franceses de Rilke tem sido mais restrita ou circunscrita que a de seus poemas alemães? (2) por que duas traduções diferentes do mesmo poema? Tomado como princípio da reflexão, o poema com sua dupla tradução simultânea deve abrir caminho para compreender as duas questões, seu eventual parentesco e, de modo mais geral, a convergência entre crítica e criação. O conceito crítico de reflexão como retorno a si e abertura para o outro e o conceito (metáfora) de espaço de indeterminação são os marcos mais visíveis do caminho traçado a cada volta pela própria reflexão.
Psicanálise e educação: da educação impossível ao melhor caminho possível
Authors: Nascimento Thiago de Camargo , Batista Douglas Emiliano
Published: September 2023

Este artigo de revisão bibliográfica se inscreve no campo Psicanálise e Educação e visa a analisar o impossível da educação - como concebido por Freud - em sua interface com uma melhor educação possível em Winnicott. O estudo, que teve como base principalmente os referidos psicanalistas, apresenta o educador implicado subjetivamente como fundamental para o desenvolvimento do educando na medida em que possibilita, a quem se encontra em formação, que se identifique com a sociedade sem demasiado sacrifício da espontaneidade pessoal. Conclui-se que a importância da tarefa docente está muito além da aplicação de técnicas ou modelos didáticos, uma vez que a docência pressupõe a sujeição à experiência da formação humana, em nível inconsciente, sujeição que possibilita que uma educação suficientemente boa emerja a partir do real da educação.
Da obra do gozo ou do sentido do sintoma: desordem simbólica e mínimo de Outro
Authors: Santos Francisco Junior Lemes
Published: September 2023

No fundamento do que o filósofo Dany-Robert Dufour chama de dessimbolização está o esvaecimento do grande Sujeito, o desaparecimento do Outro. Este, um conceito eminentemente psicanalítico, considerável no ensino do psicanalista Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan, do qual o filósofo francês se serve. Se foi possível a Dufour indicar um processo de dessimbolização, não é porque a questão do Outro permaneceu intacta. O fato é que, na psicanálise lacaniana, também não. Esta pesquisa bibliográfica toma o singular paradoxo apresentado por Dufour, que aventa um regozijo frente ao sofrimento imiscuído na dessimbolização, mas contornando-o sobretudo desde o último Lacan, isto é, a partir do Seminário 20, e de seus aliados, a fim de fornecer outros operadores que possam problematizar essa leitura. Os desdobramentos e resultados alcançam a inconsistência do Outro frente ao protagonismo do modo de gozar do parlêtre.
Ensino de projeto arquitetônico com a inclusão de novas tecnologias: uma abordagem pedagógica contemporânea
Authors: Sedrez Maycon , Celani Gabriela
Published: September 2023

A adoção de novas tecnologias no processo de projeto tem desempenhado um papel fundamental na Arquitetura contemporânea. Isso tem instigado os professores a buscar conhecer os processos cognitivos envolvidos na aprendizagem de projeto. Este artigo é um estudo de caso da disciplina Responsive Architecture, lecionada pela arquiteta Anne Save de Beaurecueil na Unicamp. A disciplina inclui uma intensa utilização de meios computacionais de geração, representação e modelagem do projeto. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o método utilizado nessa disciplina, a partir da observação das atividades, contextualizando-o no cenário das novas práticas arquitetônicas e de seu impacto no ensino, em escolas de excelência internacional. Por fim, verificam-se similaridades do método para inclusão de novas tecnologias com práticas pedagógicas atuais no ensino de Arquitetura.
Modernizing Sculpture: Print Culture and the New Discourse on Sculpture in China, circa 1880–1929
Authors: Yan Keyu
Published: September 2023

Much of the current scholarship on the art of China in the 1910s and 1920s focuses on artworks, art academies, and art groups that were associated either with traditional Chinese painting (guohua 國畫) or with oil painting (youhua 油畫). By contrast, other mediums such as sculpture have rarely been discussed by scholars of modern Chinese art. Similar to guohua, the association of which with lofty literati values and imperial eras was hotly debated at the beginning of the Republic of China (1912–1949), the art of sculpture – a category that has long been considered as funerary art, craft, or decorative art – and its relevance to modern China was also discussed by artists and intellectuals at that time. In early twentieth-century China, sculpture eventually gained a new status within the fine arts. This article argues that one important factor that promoted the changing perception of sculpture in the public sphere was the blossoming print culture and its connections with photography and exhibitions in Republican China. Print materials such as newspapers, newspaper supplements, pictorial magazines, and exhibition catalogs/pamphlets promoted the process of modernizing sculpture.
Was There a Military Collapse in the Late Yuan?
Authors: Ha Yiming
Published: September 2023

This paper reexamines the Yuan’s military response to the Red Turban Rebellion between late 1351 and early 1355. It argues that up until 1355, the Yuan’s military garrisons remained intact and successfully bore the brunt of the fighting. Mercenaries and militias were used to augment, rather than replace, garrison forces, and they played a mostly secondary role as support for the garrisons. However, this force collapsed in 1355 with Toghto’s dismissal. This was due to an institutional shift in the Yuan where military power devolved into the hands of powerful prime ministers, without whom the garrisons could not function properly. This paper thus revises the view of the Yuan military as having collapsed completely at the onset of the Red Turban Rebellion, while also shedding more light on the growing power of the prime ministers in the Late Yuan and its effect on the military.
Allamanda alagoana (Apocynaceae), a remarkable new species from Northeastern Brazil
Authors: ALVES-SILVA JARINA WALÉRIA , COUTINHO THALES SILVA
Published: September 2023

Allamanda alagoana, a remarkable new species with muricate capsules, a unique character in the genus, is hereby proposed and described. The new species is endemic to the state of Alagoas, Brazil, and is known from a few collections from the Atlantic Forest domain. We provide a complete description, photographs, an illustration, a distribution map, conservation status, a table with diagnostic characters, and an identification key for the species of Allamanda found in the state of Alagoas.
New species and new country distribution records of Athrips (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from the Afrotropical region
Authors: BIDZILYA OLEKSIY V. , AARVIK LEIF , AGASSIZ DAVID
Published: September 2023

Athrips nigribasella sp. nov., A. dorsochrella sp. nov., A. macrosignella sp. nov. and A. spinosum sp. nov., are described from Kenya, and A. asymmetrica sp. nov. is described from South Africa. The genus Parapsectris Meyrick, 1911, syn. nov., is synonymized with Athrips Billberg, 1820. Athrips sisterina (Povolný, 1989) is recorded for the first time from Kenya, Athrips savannae (Bidzilya, 2010), comb. nov. and A. ochrocosma (Meyrick, 1911) from Tanzania. Adults and genitalia of all newly described species are illustrated. The diagnoses of A. sisterina and A. bruneosparsa (Janse, 1958) are updated with descriptions and illustrations of details of male and female genitalia.
Measurements and Model Improvement: Insight into NWP Model Error Using Doppler Lidar and Other WFIP2 Measurement Systems
Authors: Banta Robert M. , Pichugina Yelena L. , Brewer W. Alan , Balmes Kelly A. , Adler Bianca , Sedlar Joseph , Darby Lisa S. , Turner David D. , Kenyon Jaymes S. , Strobach Edward J. , Carroll Brian J. , Sharp Justin , Stoelinga Mark T. , Cline Joel , Fernando Harindra J. S.
Published: September 2023

Doppler-lidar wind-profile measurements at three sites were used to evaluate NWP model errors from two versions of NOAA’s 3-km-grid HRRR model, to see whether updates in the latest version 4 reduced errors when compared against the original version 1. Nested (750-m grid) versions of each were also tested to see how grid spacing affected forecast skill. The measurements were part of the field phase of the Second Wind Forecasting Improvement Project (WFIP2), an 18-month deployment into central Oregon–Washington, a major wind-energy-producing region. This study focuses on errors in simulating marine intrusions, a summertime, 600–800-m-deep, regional sea-breeze flow found to generate large errors. HRRR errors proved to be complex and site dependent. The most prominent error resulted from a premature drop in modeled marine-intrusion wind speeds after local midnight, when lidar-measured winds of greater than 8 m s−1 persisted through the next morning. These large negative errors were offset at low levels by positive errors due to excessive mixing, complicating the interpretation of model “improvement,” such that the updates to the full-scale versions produced mixed results, sometimes enhancing but sometimes degrading model skill. Nesting consistently improved model performance, with version 1’s nest producing the smallest errors overall. HRRR’s ability to represent the stages of sea-breeze forcing was evaluated using radiation budget, surface-energy balance, and near-surface temperature measurements available during WFIP2. The significant site-to-site differences in model error and the complex nature of these errors mean that field-measurement campaigns having dense arrays of profiling sensors are necessary to properly diagnose and characterize model errors, as part of a systematic approach to NWP model improvement.

Significance Statement

Dramatic increases in NWP model skill will be required over the coming decades. This paper describes the role of major deployments of accurate profiling sensors in achieving that goal and presents an example from the Second Wind Forecast Improvement Program (WFIP2). Wind-profile data from scanning Doppler lidars were used to evaluate two versions of HRRR, the original and an updated version, and nested versions of each. This study focuses on the ability of updated HRRR versions to improve upon predicting a regional sea-breeze flow, which was found to generate large errors by the original HRRR. Updates to the full-scale HRRR versions produced mixed results, but the finer-mesh versions consistently reduced model errors.
The Influence of the Preoperative Albumin to Alkaline Phosphatase Ratio on Overall Survival in Post-Radical Surgery for Colorectal Cancer and the Construction of a Nomogram Prediction Model
Authors: Jiang Wenliang , Xun Feng , Li Zhenchi , Xia Yong , Hu Haoran , Liu Yujun , Zhao Zhibin , Wang Honggang
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The albumin to alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) is a newly developed blood biomarker that has been reported to have prognostic value in several types of cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of AAPR in overall survival after radical colon cancer surgery in patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods

The clinical data of 221 eligible patients with stage I ∼ III CRC were retrospectively analyzed. A series of survival analyses were performed to assess the prognostic value of AAPR. Univariate and multifactorial Cox analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors. Columnar graph prediction models were further constructed based on independent risk factors such as AAPR, and their predictive properties were validated.

Results

The optimal cutoff value of preoperative AAPR for postoperative overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical CRC was .495 as shown by univariate and multifactorial Cox regression analysis. The factors of age ≤65 years, Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage I-II, tumor grading (high/medium differentiation), CEA ≤5, and AAPR ≥.495 were associated with better OS ( P < .05).

Conclusions

Preoperative AAPR level was a good predictor of postoperative survival in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical CRC surgery, and AAPR <.495 was an independent risk factor for decreased postoperative OS.
Book review: Blain Auer, In the Mirror of Persian Kings: The Origins of Perso-Islamic Courts and Empires in India
Authors: Lefèvre Corinne
Published: September 2023

Blain Auer, In the Mirror of Persian Kings: The Origins of Perso-Islamic Courts and Empires in India. Cambridge University Press, 2021, 232 pp.
The Impact of War Exposure on Morality: Evidence From the Battle of Mosul
Authors: Hall Jonathan , Skoog Eric , Vassiliou Phaidon
Published: September 2023

The Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) was one of the most grueling urban warfare campaigns in recent memory. The fighting quickly concentrated in West Mosul, where civilians prevented by the Islamic State from leaving their homes experienced airstrikes and indiscriminate shelling by government forces. Utilizing the as-if-randomness of severe damage or destruction of people’s homes, this paper examines the impact of war exposure on the endorsement of moral foundations among a large and diverse sample of Mosul residents ( N = 1027). Home damage increased binding morality but had a larger impact on individualizing morality, heightening concerns about fairness and protection from harm. A survey experiment in which the sectarian identity of the target was randomly assigned further revealed a strong association between individualizing morality and parochial altruism. Challenging conventional wisdom, both individualizing and binding morality reinforce group cohesion in ways that are functionally adaptive and responsive to the damage wrought by war.
A Remineralizing and Antibacterial Coating for Arresting Caries
Authors: Lu D. , Li F. , Zhao C. , Ye Y. , Zhang X. , Yang P. , Zhang X.
Published: September 2023

Dental caries is a dynamic disease induced by the unbalance between demineralization of dental hard tissues caused by biofilm and remineralization of them; however, although various effective remineralization methods have been well documented, it is a challenge to reestablish the balance by enhancing remineralization alone while ignoring the antibacterial therapy. Therefore, the integration of remineralizing and antibacterial technologies offers a promising strategy to halt natural caries progression in clinical practice. Here, the conception of interrupting dental caries (IDC) was proposed based on the development of dual-functional coating with remineralizing and antibacterial properties. In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA) loaded octenidine (OCT) successfully to form a BSA-OCT composite. Subsequently, through fast amyloid-like aggregation, the phase-transited BSA-OCT (PTB-OCT) coating can be covered on teeth, resin composite, or sealant surfaces in 30 min by a simple smearing process. The PTB-OCT coating showed satisfactory effects in promoting the remineralization of demineralized enamel and dentin in vitro. Moreover, this coating also exerted significant acid-resistance stability and anti-biofilm properties. Equally importantly, this coating exhibited promising abilities in reducing the microleakage between the tooth and resin composite in vitro and preventing primary and secondary caries in vivo. In conclusion, this novel dual-functional PTB-OCT coating could reestablish the balance between demineralization and remineralization in the process of caries, thereby potentially preventing or arresting caries.
Determinants of Microscale pH in In Situ–Grown Dental Biofilms
Authors: Kristensen M.F. , Lund M.B. , Schramm A. , Lau E. Frandsen , Schlafer S.
Published: September 2023

Dental biofilm pH is the most important determinant of virulence for the development of caries lesions. Confocal microscopy–based pH ratiometry allows monitoring biofilm pH with high spatial resolution. Experiments performed on simplified biofilm models under static conditions identified steep pH gradients as well as localized acidogenic foci that promote enamel demineralization. The present work used pH ratiometry to perform a comprehensive analysis of the effect of whole saliva flow on the microscale pH in complex, in situ–grown 48-h and 96-h biofilms ( n = 54) from 9 healthy participants. pH was monitored in 12 areas at the biofilm bottom and top, and saliva flow with film thicknesses corresponding to those in the oral cavity was provided by an additively manufactured microfluidic flow cell. Biofilm pH was correlated to the bacterial composition, as determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Biofilm acidogenicity varied considerably between participants and individual biofilms but also between different areas inside one biofilm, with pH gradients of up to 2 units. pH drops were more pronounced in 96-h than in 48-h biofilms ( P = 0.0121) and virtually unaffected by unstimulated saliva flow (0.8 mm/min). Stimulated flow (8 mm/min) raised average biofilm pH to near-neutral values but it did not equilibrate vertical and horizontal pH gradients in the biofilms. pH was significantly lower at the biofilm base than at the top ( P < 0.0001) and lower downstream than upstream ( P = 0.0046), due to an accumulation of acids along the flow path. pH drops were positively correlated with biofilm thickness and negatively with the thickness of the saliva film covering the biofilm. Bacterial community composition was significantly different between biofilms with strong and weak pH responses but not their species richness. The present experimental study demonstrates that stimulated saliva flow, saliva film thickness, biofilm age, biofilm thickness, and bacterial composition are important modulators of microscale pH in dental biofilms.
Increased STAT3 Activation in Periodontitis Drives Inflammatory Bone Loss
Authors: Arce M. , Rodriguez-Peña M. , Espinoza-Arrue J. , Godoy R.A. , Reyes M. , Kajikawa T. , Greenwell-Wild T. , Hajishengallis G. , Abusleme L. , Moutsopoulos N. , Dutzan N.
Published: September 2023

Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent human inflammatory diseases. It is characterized by periodontal tissue destruction, progressively driven by the host response. In this regard, cytokines associated with tissue destruction, such as interleukin (IL)–6 and IL-23, use a common signaling pathway mediated by STAT3. This transcription factor is also needed for IL-17A production, a key mediator in periodontitis pathogenesis. Although several studies have reported increased activation of STAT3 in experimental periodontitis, a detailed characterization of STAT3 activation in human gingival tissues and its involvement in alveolar bone loss has yet to be explored. Using a cross-sectional study design, we detected increased proportions of pSTAT3-positive cells during periodontitis compared with health, particularly in epithelial cells and T cells. Other cell types of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic origin also display STAT3 activation in gingival tissues. We detected increased STAT3 phosphorylation and expression of STAT3-related genes during experimental periodontitis. Next, we evaluated the role of STAT3 in alveolar bone destruction using a mouse model of STAT3 loss of function (mut- Stat3 mice). Compared with controls, mut- Stat3 mice had reduced alveolar bone loss following ligature-induced periodontitis. We also evaluated pharmacologic inhibition of STAT3 in ligature-induced periodontitis. Like mut- Stat3 mice, mice treated with STAT3 small-molecule inhibitor had reduced bone loss compared with controls. Our results demonstrate that STAT3 activation is increased in epithelial and T cells during periodontitis and indicate a pathogenic role of STAT3 in inflammatory alveolar bone loss.
Bone destruction in chronic otitis media is not mediated by the RANKL pathway or estrogen receptor-alpha
Authors: Heo Kyung Wook , Noh MinHye , Hur Dae Young , Hong Tae Ui , Park Sung Yool , Kim Woo Jin
Published: September 2023

Background

Chronic otitis media with or without cholesteatoma progresses with various degrees of bone resorption and remodeling. Estrogen mediates osteoprotective effects through the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) pathway, which is mainly mediated by estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α).

Objectives

The present study investigated the expression patterns of receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL, and ER-α in pathological tissue from patients with chronic otitis media to determine the roles of those factors in osteolytic mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media.

Methods

Normal and pathological specimens from 18 patients with chronic otitis media were examined.

Results

There were no significant differences in RANK, OPG, RANKL, or ER-α mRNA expression between normal and pathological specimens of epithelial tissue.

Conclusions

Our findings suggested that RANK, OPG, RANKL, and ER-α are not associated with the bone destruction in chronic otitis media; other cytokines may directly activate the osteoclasts in chronic otitis media.
Spillover of urban gentrification and changing suburban poverty in the Amsterdam metropolis
Authors: Booi Hester
Published: September 2023

Suburbanisation appears to be reviving in the beginning of the 21st century. It has once again become an important force driving suburban growth. However, in contrast with 20th-century suburbanisation, the current phase might be better understood through the spillovers of urban gentrification and suburbanisation of poverty that are happening while the core city continues to grow. Using a multilevel binomial regression model on all moving households in the metropolitan region around Amsterdam, this paper shows that movers from Amsterdam are clearly urban oriented when moving out of the city. High-income households dominate the suburbanisation towards neighbourhoods near the city and to relatively urban residential neighbourhoods from the pre-war period. These are also neighbourhoods with sharp house price increases. This reveals a spillover of the urban gentrification process beyond the core city borders. Suburban in-migration of low-income households from the city has also increased and is more oriented to neighbourhoods where affordable housing is accessible.
Contribution of socio-economic and demographic factors to maternal and child malnutrition in Bangladesh: Insights from a nationwide survey
Authors: Sayeed Abu , Akter Ema , Chowdhury Promit Barua , Islam Md. Saiful , Sultana Mst. Sadia , Nusrat Nowrin , Hossain Lubna , Karmoker Rita , Rana Ritu , Saha Manika , Hasan M. Tasdik
Published: September 2023

Background: Malnutrition is a major global public health issue, especially for under five children and their mothers. Objective: This study examined the relationships between socio-economic and demographic characteristics and under- and over-nutrition in mothers and children of Bangladesh. Method: Using the Nationally representative Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (2017–18) data, we performed the multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the relationships between key outcome variables and predictors. The analysis included 8321 children aged 0–59 months and 7800 mothers aged 15–49 years. Findings: The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and overweight among children under five was 30.72%, 8.44%, and 2.21% respectively. About 2.74% of the children were both stunted and wasted, while 0.56% of the children were both stunted and overweight. The prevalence of underweight and overweight among mother was 14.09% and 26.35% respectively. Children who are stunted are significantly associated with the mother's BMI status, mothers’ education, fathers’ education, and wealth index, while children who are wasted are significantly associated with the mother's BMI status and the child's sex. A child's sex and birth order are significantly associated with children being overweight. Mother's age, mother's education, father's education, place of residence and wealth index are significant determinants for mothers being underweight, whereas mother's age, mother's occupation, father's education, father's occupation, place of residence and wealth index are significant determinants for mothers being overweight. Conclusion: In addition to essential nutrition interventions, it is vital to address the basic social-economic and demographic determinants.