bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cocoa husk-derived Biochars synthesized at low temperature impregnated with zinc chloride for removal of ibuprofen in different solutions
Authors: Tejada-Tovar Candelaria Nahir , Villabona-Ortíz Angel , Colpas-Castillo Fredy , Sanmartín-Álvarez Zara , Landázury-Galé Dinelly
Published: April 2022

Metabolites and residual compounds from pharmaceutic industry are considered as emerging contaminants and an increasing source of environmental pollution, as they are used by a quantity of people, and due to their physicochemical properties, they are easily transported to hydrological systems and bodies of water. Then, the elimination of this kind of compounds from water by adsorption is one of the most promising techniques. The aim of this research was to study the kinetic and isotherms of ibuprofen adsorption onto low temperature-synthetized activated carbons from cocoa husks (Theobroma cacao) and impregnated with a solution of Zinc Chloride (ZnCl2) at impregnations ratios biomass:solution of 1:2 (CA1:2) and 1:3 (CA1:3). The material source and activated underwent a chemical and textural characterization by elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the Brunauer Emmett Teller method (BET), for knowing their morphology, chemical composition, and surface area. Ibuprofen solutions at 20, 30 and 40 ppm were used to perform adsorption tests. The activation of cocoa husk caused an increase in the porosity and surface area of the charcoals, evidenced in the results of the SEM analysis, with CA1:2 being the one that presented such properties in a greater proportion (297.21 m2/g); likewise, it was the carbon that eliminated the highest ibuprofen quantity. The maximum amount of ibuprofen adsorbed by CA1:2 and CA1:3 were 68.27 mg/g and 65.75 mg/g, respectively. Results suggest that the charcoals activated from cocoa husk are considered as good adsorbents of ibuprofen, collaborating in the reduction of this pollutant in the aqueous phase, contributing to environmental sanitation.
Geografías del alma: Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald y Norah Lange
Authors: Mayet Graciela
Published: April 2022

Aunque nacieron en países diferentes, Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald y Norah Lange vivieron la experiencia de las grandes producciones en la etapa de las vanguardias. Ambas no son ajenas a los cambios estéticos que aportó ese movimiento. En sus autobiografías dan cuenta de algunos rasgos vanguardistas, al mismo tiempo que revelan de qué manera las nuevas técnicas artísticas impactaron en la escritura literaria. Los destinos de estas dos escritoras fueron muy distintos. Norah tuvo una existencia brillante desde el punto de vista social y pudo concretar sus aspiraciones intelectuales. Zelda disfrutó un tiempo la vida alocada y pródiga de la bohemia parisina, pero su destino fue trágico. Dos mujeres, dos relatos autobiográficos que revelan y esconden las propias existencias en medio de los mandatos y normas de una sociedad patriarcal que sujetaba a la mujer en un entorno acotado a la vida familiar y que le vedaba el mundo intelectual.
La melancolía y otras tristezas: una interacción entre obras literarias y tratados médicos: (siglos XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Miranda Bastidas Carlos Alberto
Published: April 2022

Se hace una revisión del uso del concepto melancolía y condiciones asociadas, como hipocondría y spleen, entre los siglos XVI y XVIII, tanto en textos técnicos o científicos como en literarios, resaltando el diálogo entre ellos. La melancolía hacía referencia a un amplio espectro de padecimientos, y así se usó en la literatura, su actual asociación a los trastornos depresivos es tardía, pero es la que va a provocar más textos en el siglo XVIII. Se identifica cómo la literatura apropió desarrollos de psicopatología para crear caracteres que a su vez fueron punto de partida para teorizaciones médicas y psicológicas. Se hace notar que los ejercicios de intertextualidad son herramientas pedagógicas, relevantes tanto para la enseñanza de las disciplinas como para la investigación.
Head Injury. La escritura poética de Legna Rodríguez Iglesias
Authors: Pérez Ángel
Published: April 2022

En el panorama literario que se configura en Cuba hacia principios del siglo XXI, la poesía resulta una de las expresiones estéticas más renovadoras. En ese contexto despunta un conjunto de autores denominado por la crítica especializada como Generación Años Cero. El presente artículo propone un análisis de la poesía de Legna Rodríguez Iglesias, una de las voces más relevantes de esta promoción de escritores, centrado en la abyección como una estrategia de representación esencial en la construcción del Yo en su obra.
Oral Blue Nevus two case reports and literature review.
Authors: Silva Larissa , Martins da Cruz Timilly Mayra , Aparecido Gonçalves Moisés Willian , Moreira Gonçalves Rafaela Nogueira , Rocha dos Santos Cássio Roberto , Marques Mesquita Ana Terezinha
Published: April 2022

Case Description We report two cases of oral Blue Nevus. The first case is a 32 years old female patient with a brown-blue lesion on hard palate, with no clinical symptoms that has always been present but that recently has been growing. The case is 36 years old male patient with a brown macule on hard palate.
Clinical Findings On case report 1, oral examinations revealed an irregular brown-blue macule, measuring 13 x 6mm on hard palate. On case report 2, oral examination showed an oval brownish macule also located on hard palate.
Treatment and Outcome: Excisional biopsy was performed in both cases and histopathology analyses revealed diagnosis of Blue Nevus.
Clinical Relevance Diagnosis of pigmented lesions of the oral cavity can be challenging once there are a variety of causes such as racial pigmentation, systemic diseases, use of medication, metal tattooing melanocytic nevus, melanoacanthoma, and melanoma. The correct diagnosys is important to conduct the best management of these lesions, especially the ones with malignancy potential.
Prevalência de infecções hospitalares e assistência odontológica: um estudo transversal.
Authors: De Faria Lara Maria Moreira , Douglas-de- Oliveira Dhelfeson Willya , Silveira de Oliveira Evandro , Ferreira de Aguiar Elayne Cristina , Gomes de Fatima Gessiane , Furtado Gonçalves Patrícia , Dumont Flecha Olga
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Realizar uma comparação entre a prevalência de infecções hospitalares pelo período de 13 meses entre dois grupos: pacientes internados sem assistência odontológica e com assistência odontológica.
Métodos: O estudo é considerado do tipo transversal descritivo, através de dados referentes às taxas de infecções hospitalares obtidas em dois grupos, sem e com acompanhamento odontológico, considerando mais especificamente os setores: Centro de Terapia Intensiva (CTI) e Clínica Neurológica. Foram incluídos na amostra pacientes com idade superior a 16 anos, de ambos os gêneros e que apresentaram diagnóstico de infecção hospitalar após o período de 48 horas de internação ou 48 horas após a alta.
Resultados: Entre março de 2016 à março de 2017, observou-se uma prevalência de infecção hospitalar de 3.14% em pacientes sem assistência odontológica e no período de março de 2017 à março de 2018, a prevalência foi de 2.85% nos pacientes que tiveram assistência odontológica.
Conclusão: O CTI foi o setor de maior ocorrência das infecções. A assistência odontológica não se mostrou associada com as ocorrências de infecções.
La valorización turística de las áreas rurales y el papel del Atlas de los Caminos de Italia
Authors:   Università degli Studi di Sassari (Italia), Battino Silvia , Lampreu Salvatore ,   Università degli Studi di Sassari (Italia), Amaro García Ainhoa ,   Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España)
Published: April 2022

The rural areas in Italy are made up of small municipalities that despite being extensive in area are sparsely populated. These marginal areas are affected by problems such as rural exodus, loss of tradi‑ tions, abandonment of the territory, etc. Despite this, in these small centers there is a rich cultural and environmental heritage that can be exploited to create new socio‑economic opportunities through tourism. Among the main tools used to achieve these goals are cultural itineraries. This article aims at analysing the potential of routes for the sustainable development of rural areas through the Digital Atlas of the paths of Italy. The methodology is based on the theory of the original Italian government programme and an in‑depth analysis of the Santa Barbara route, in Sardinia. This work confirms that itineraries are useful for rural areas development, if there are unified rules and if the ICTs are implemented.
Gobernanza turística y desarrollo regional en la Costa Sur de Jalisco, México
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara (México), Gutiérrez Estrada Marisa , Wilhelmus Gerritsen Peter Rijnaldus ,   Universidad de Guadalajara (México), Chávez-Dagostino Rosa María ,   Universidad de Guadalajara (México)
Published: April 2022

Tourism is one of the most important activities for the international economy, with the highest growth and impact in the world. Notwithstanding, its capacity to contribute to regional development and achieve equitable distribution of benefits has been limited. This research analyses the characteristics of current tourism activity, and governance processes that influence tourism management in the South Coast region of the state of Jalisco, Mexico, where the main offer is 3S‑tourism. The resource exploitation in the area has generated natural disasters, loss of identity, territorial privatisation, and social conflicts among other problems. Governance processes were studied using the Governance Analytical Framework (GAF) as a tool to systematise the social, political, and institutional complexity of the formulation,and implementation of collective decision processes. It was found that there are governmental strategies related to the gover‑ nance of tourism, however, they have not contributed to development in an articulated manner. At the local level, the Stakeholders have been able to adopt governance processes for tourism management. However, governance processes based on government strategies have made inclusive tourism management difficult.
Diferencias y similitudes entre turismo Halal y Muslim-friendly: un abanico de oportunidades
Authors:   Escuela Universitaria de Turismo Iriarte (España), López Hernández Arissa
Published: April 2022

Since its inception, Islam has encouraged its faithful to travel around the Earth and visit other places in the name of Allah. As a result of the lifestyle that marks this faith and its relationship with tourism, a great variety of terms have appeared such as Halal, Halal‑friendly, Islamic or Muslim‑friendly. They tend to be used indistinctly but it is vital to delimit each one of them, since, although similar, they do not really have the same meaning. The extent to which the basic needs or requirements of Muslim tourists are met, such as the availability of Halal food, Muslim‑friendly amenities in the accommodation and the existence of places for prayer at airports, will determine the degree to which a destination can be considered or aspire to be Muslim‑friendly and/or Ha‑ lal. In this sense, when there is full compliance with the Islamic law, it is said to be a halal tourist destination, whereas if prohibited elements can coexist, it is referred to as a Muslim‑friendly destination or tourism
Investigación sobre turismo de reuniones en el período 2000‑2019: una revisión de literatura
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa (México), Zazueta Hernández Margarita Guadalupe , Velarde Valdez Mónica ,   Universidad Autónoma de Occidente (México)
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this paper is to analyse and to examine the studies published on Meetings Tourism (also known as MICE Tourism) from 2000‑19. An advanced database search was carried out using various key‑ words related to the topic; that gave a sum total of 77 articles for analysis, published over 44 journals. The results obtained show that in the last decade, there has been an escalation of qualitative studies mainly published in various interdisciplinary journals. The conclusions are that research on meetings tourism has been carried out from different approaches and perspectives, affording a multiplicity of varying views on the topic.
Pseudo bezoar in an elderly man
Authors: Etiuma Anietimfon U. , Echieh Chidiebere Peter , Nwagboso Chimaobi I. , Ogbudu Stephen Omirigbe , Etiuma Arnold Anietimfon
Published: April 2022

Indigestible intra-gastric foreign bodies are encountered in the mentally deranged, transporters of illicit drugs or those desiring weight control. They are often complicated by obstruction, migration, or perforation. Pseudobezoars are indigestible objects introduced intentionally into the digestive system. They may be indicated in bariatric practice for control of obesity. We present an 87-year-old man managed for a 2-year history of burning epigastric pain, aggravated by lying down and relieved by antacids. He had associated reflux symptoms for which he adopted lifestyle modifications. He had an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy which showed a stone attached to the anterior wall of the body of the stomach with associated pseudo-pouch formation. Mucosal overgrowth on the stone could be noted. Attempts at endoscopic retrieval failed as the stone could not be dis-impacted from its lodgement in a mucosal pouch. He had a laparotomy and gastrotomy for retrieval. A piece of stone, identified as granite, which measured 2 × 2 × 2.5 cm was retrieved from the stomach with accompanying formation of the mucosal pouch. Mucosal response, which may include overgrowth, could be an initial step in the migration of intra-gastric foreign bodies.
Short-term outcomes of sulcus placed intraocular lens with optic capture in eyes with compromised capsular bag
Authors: Joshi Rajesh , Bajaj Asheesh , Haldar Saumya
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to evaluate outcomes of sulcus placement of the intraocular lens (IOL) with optic capture in complicated case scenarios with compromised capsular bags.

Materials and Methods:

Records of 31 patients (31 eyes) who had received implantation of IOL in the sulcus with optic capture as a primary or secondary procedure were retrospectively reviewed. The optic was captured in the capsulorhexis or remainder capsular opening while the haptics were placed in the sulcus. Primary outcome measures were the post-operative stability and centration of IOL, evaluated using slit-lamp examination and photography. Indications for optic capture and post-operative improvement in corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were also noted.

Results:

Optic capture was well maintained and IOL well-centred with haptics secured in the sulcus in all patients at 1 month. Posterior capsular rupture during primary cataract surgery was the most common indication, followed by decentred IOL as a secondary procedure. CDVA improved from log MAR 0.9 ± 0.43 at baseline to log MAR 0.23 ± 0.15 at 1-month post-operative.

Conclusion:

Optic capture is a safe and effective technique to achieve good IOL stability, centration, and visual acuity.
Efficacy and safety of pre-operative individual topical mydriatic and anaesthetic versus an intracameral fixed-dose combination of two mydriatics and an anaesthetic for phacoemulsification – A comparative study
Authors: Kataria Kajal Haribhai , Bhagat Purvi Raj , Sedani Kanan Vimal Bhai , Mehta Himarshi Nikhilkumar
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

Intracameral fixed combination of mydriatic and anaesthetic is a new method for inducing and maintaining intraoperative mydriasis and analgesia during cataract surgery. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an intracameral fixed-dose combination of phenylephrine 0.31%, tropicamide 0.02%, and lidocaine 1% during phacoemulsification in comparison to the standard pre-operative topical regimen.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty patients undergoing phacoemulsification were randomly divided into two groups, A and B. Surgery was performed by a single surgeon, using standard regimen in Group A and using the intracameral formulation in Group B. The outcome measures were pupil size, patient perception of pain and overall comfort, surgeon rating of overall experience, and safety.

Results:

Post-dilatation, the pupillary diameter was 7.7 ± 1.3 mm and 5.5 ± 1.2 mm, respectively, for Groups A and B which was statistically significant. For the perception of pain as well as overall comfort, in Group A, five patients rated 4 and 20 patients rated 5, and in Group B, two patients rated 4 and 23 rated 5. The surgeon rating for all patients of Group A was 5 but in Group B, for three patients, it was 4 because of inadequate and ill sustained mydriasis. No complications occurred in either group.

Conclusion:

Intracameral fixed combination of mydriatic and analgesic is safe and effective for use by experienced ophthalmologists and in uncomplicated cataract, providing a reduced pre-operative time; but because of the variable, lesser and ill sustained mydriasis, it may be avoided in complicated cataracts and by novice surgeons.
Bibliometric overview of the Top 100 most cited articles on hydrocephalus
Authors: Albrahim Mohammed , Almutairi Othman T. , Alhussinan Modhi A. , Alotaibi Fahad E. , Bafaquh Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Background:

Hydrocephalus is one of the most common brain disorders and numerous articles were published to address the clinical aspect and its management. This study aims to highlight the most influential work on hydrocephalus on bibliometric basis.

Methods:

A thorough search of Scopus database was performed using the word “hydrocephalus.” The 100 most cited articles were retrieved, and variables of importance were collected including the article’s title, 1st author affiliation, country of origin, year and journal of publication, article’s category, and citation count according to Scopus and Google scholar databases.

Results:

The 100 most cited articles were thoroughly analyzed. Publication dates ranged from 1946 to 2014, with most articles (45) published between 1998 and 2007. The mean number of citations per publication was 201 with total of 20,177 citations. The United States of America contributed half of the articles. The leading institution was the Canadian hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto having published 5 articles. Hydrocephalus in general and normal pressure hydrocephalus was the two major categories addressed with most studies fall under the topic of surgical management. Neurosurgery was the specialty with the greatest contribution (47%). The articles were published in 46 different journals led by the Journal of Neurosurgery with total of 17 articles.

Conclusion:

This bibliometric analysis delineates the landmark publications in hydrocephalus. The listed articles depict the myriad of studied aspects historically which helps in understanding hydrocephalus overall in evidence-based module for neurosurgeons and non-neurosurgeons.
A scoping review on the challenges, improvement programs, and relevant output metrics for neurotrauma services in major trauma centers
Authors: Dasic Davor , Morgan Lucy , Panezai Amir , Syrmos Nikolaos , Ligarotti Gianfranco K.I. , Zaed Ismail , Chibbaro Salvatore , Khan Tariq , Prisco Lara , Ganau Mario
Published: April 2022

Background:

For a neurotrauma unit to be defined as a structured neurotrauma service (NS) the following criteria must be satisfied: A dedicated neurointensive care unit, endovascular neuroradiology, in-hospital neurorehabilitation unit and helicopter platform within the context of a Level I trauma center. Designing an effective NS can be challenging, particularly when considering the different priorities and resources of countries across the globe. In addition the impact on clinical outcomes is not clearly established.

Methods:

A scoping review of the literature spanning from 2000 to 2020 meant to identify protocols, guidelines, and best practices for the management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in NS was conducted on the US National Library of Medicine and National Institute of Health databases.

Results:

Limited evidence is available regarding quantitative and qualitative metrics to assess the impact of NSs and specialist follow-up clinics on patients’ outcome. Of note, the available literature used to lack detailed reports for: (a) Geographical clusters, such as low-to-middle income countries (LMIC); (b) clinical subgroups, such as mild TBI; and (c) long-term management, such as rehabilitation services. Only in the last few years more attention has been paid to those research topics.

Conclusion:

NSs can positively impact the management of the broad spectrum of TBI in different clinical settings; however more research on patients’ outcomes and quality of life metrics is needed to establish their efficacy. The collaboration of global clinicians and the development of international guidelines applicable also to LMIC are warranted.
Adenomyosis-associated recurrent acute cerebral infarction mimicking Trousseau’s syndrome: A case study and review of literature
Authors: Arai Nobuhiko , Yachi Kazunari , Ishihara Ryutaro , Fukushima Takao
Published: April 2022

Background:

Adenomyosis is a common and benign uterine disease. Acute cerebral infarction (CI) associated with adenomyosis is rarely reported and difficult to treat. We experienced successful treatment for this disease.

Case Description:

A 50-year-old woman presented with a 2-day history of visual disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple tiny diffusion-weighted high-density spots on several lobes. No common risk factors for stroke were detected. Cancer antigen 125 level was 999 U/mL, along with massively expanded uterus and adnexa. Based on the diagnosis of benign adenomyosis, Xa inhibitor and GnRH agonists were administered for CI and adenomyosis, respectively. Acute CI recurred 7 days after admission. We suspected a relationship between infarction and adenomyosis and concluded hysterectomy as a proper treatment strategy based on the literature. Eighteen months after hysterectomy, no recurrence of CI without anti-thrombus medications has been detected.

Conclusion:

Hysterectomy is a radical therapy that is effective in preventing acute CI due to adenomyosis associated with ischemic symptoms.
Siroz Hastalığı Olan Bireyler İçin Web Tabanlı Hemşirelik Eğitim Programı
Authors: KALYONCUO Servet , TEKİNSOY KARTIN Pınar
Published: April 2022

Siroz hastalarının öz bakım gücünün ve yaşam kalitesinin artırılması için verilen eğitim çok önemlidir. Hastalara verilen eğitim çoğu zaman iş yükü ve zaman kaygısı nedeniyle planlı bir şekilde gerçekleşememektedir. Hastalara başarılı bir siroz yönetimini kazandırabilmek için hastalığın getirdiği sağlık sorunlarının öğretilmesi, hastalığın ve komplikasyonların tıbbi tedavisini, egzersiz, diyet ve uygun yaşam tarzı değişikliklerinin anlatılması ve öğretilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu hususta hemşireler ve sağlık kurumları web tabanlı eğitimleri geliştirerek, bu kaynakların kullanımıyla ilgili farkındalık oluşturarak sirozun daha iyi kontrol altına alınmasında önemli yere sahiptir. Böylece siroz hastalarının hem gerekli bilgilere erişimi hem de kendileri üzerinde çok daha fazla kontrole sahip olmaları sağlanmış olur.
Supramolecular Fullerene Materials
Authors: Diederich François , Gómez-López Marcos
Published: April 2022

With its unique physical and chemical properties, buckminsterfullerene C60 is becoming an attractive functional component for incorporation into three-dimensional molecular assemblies and supramolecular arrays with potential applications as advanced materials. In this article, we discuss the self-organization of C60 derivatives into ordered fullerene thin films using Langmuir techniques. Subsequently, it is shown how metal ion complexation at a crown ether site in tight proximity to the fullerene surface perturbs the electronic structure of the carbon sphere. Covalently modified fullerenes are used for the construction of interlocked molecules, such as rotaxanes and catenanes, with fascinating topologies. Finally, the formation of a C60-containing tetracationic cyclophane by PtII-directed self-assembly of two di(pyridyl)methanofullerene moieties is presented. These recent advances have become possible only through the development of a new synthetic methodology, which provides controlled, regioselective access to multiply functionalized fullerene derivatives.
Materials Chemistry and Crystal Growth
Authors: Hulliger Jürg
Published: April 2022

Materials chemistry and crystal growth are seen as closely related activities because the assessment and implementation of numerous physical properties are based on single crystals and epitaxial layers. The idea of a materials synthesis directed toward the investigation and application of physical solid-state properties is outlined by three examples: i) the supramolecular synthesis of polar molecular crystals, ii) a quest for optical materials for short wavelength generation, and iii) crystal growth and epitaxy of fluoride laser materials.
The Melting Point of Crystalline Copolymers – Applying Materials Simulation
Authors: Wendling Jürgen , Suter Ulrich W.
Published: April 2022

The defect Gibbs energy of hydroxyvalerate comonomer inclusions into the crystals made up by random copolymers of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate-co-β-hydroxyvalerate) (PHB/HV) is calculated by means of the thermodynamic integration approach. The result obtained for a single inclusion is in excellent agreement with those obtained by fitting experimental melting temperature and cocrystal composition data. On decomposing the Gibbs energy, it is found that the crystallization entropy contributes the dominant part of the defect Gibbs energy. Our calculations on multi-inclusion crystals show that the Gibbs energy strongly decreases when the comonomers aggregate in a preferred pattern. Further information to the design of isomorphic copolymers is obtained from these calculations.
Complex Transition-Metal Hydrides
Authors: Yvon Klaus
Published: April 2022

Complex transition-metal hydrides provide new opportunities for hydrogen storage. Their hydrogen-to-metal ratios reach values of up to H/M = 4.5 (BaReH9) and thus surpass the hydrogen-to-carbon ratios of hydrocarbons (methane: H/C = 4); their hydrogen-volume efficiencies exceed that of liquid hydrogen by a factor of up to two (Mg2FeH6), their weight efficiencies exceed 5% (Mg3MnH7), and their hydrogen dissociation temperatures under 1 bar hydrogen pressure range from ca. 100° (NaKReH9) to 400° (CaMgNiH4). Their crystal chemistry is extremely rich and shows a large inventory of transition-metal hydrido complexes that often conform to the 18-electron rule. New synthetic methods are likely to yield further members of this class of materials.
Givaudan Roure fête le centième anniversaire de son site de Vernier
Authors: Gandillon Gérard
Published: April 2022

In 1898, Léon Givaudan, encouraged by his brother Xavier, established a perfumery company on the outskirts of Geneva, along the river Rhône. The company's early activities were the manufacture of perfumery ingredients and perfume bases. In the 1920's, a research group was set up to explore the identity of chemicals present in the natural products.This period also saw the beginning of the international expansion of the then 'Givaudan', with the creation of the first affiliate in the United States, in 1924. Following several acquisitions, Givaudan was bought by F. Hoffmann-La-Roche in 1963. It later merged with Roure in 1991, to become one of the clear leaders in the Flavour and Fragrance industry, under the new company name of Givaudan Roure. Today, Givaudan Roure is present throughout all major countries of the world. The company's annual turnover is around 2 billion Swiss francs, and Givaudan Roure employs more than 5300 people.
Unification in a Description Logic with Transitive Closure of Roles
Authors:   Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH Aachen, Baader Franz , Küsters Ralf ,   Theoretical Computer Science, CAU Kiel
Published: April 2022

Unification of concept descriptions was introduced by Baader and Narendran as a tool for detecting redundancies in knowledge bases. It was shown that unification in the small description logic FL₀, which allows for conjunction, value restriction, and the top concept only, is already ExpTime-complete. The present paper shows that the complexity does not increase if one additionally allows for composition, union, and transitive closure of roles. It also shows that matching (which is polynomial in FL₀) is PSpace-complete in the extended description logic. These results are proved via a reduction to linear equations over regular languages, which are then solved using automata. The obtained results are also of interest in formal language theory.
Changes in melanocytic nevi after hair removal techniques with laser and intense pulsed light
Authors: Neagu Nicoleta , Husariu Mădălina Aurelia , Geréd Bíborka , Ambros Mircea
Published: April 2022

Lasers and intense pulsed light (IPL) systems are some of the most demanded techniques used for unwanted hair removal. They act by selective photothermolysis, a mechanism by which photons target the hair follicle me­la­no­cyes while, at the same time, sparing the sur­roun­ding tissue. However, when applied directly onto a pigmented lesion, the energy from the laser can be ab­sorbed by nevocytes, with subsequent thermal injury of the lesion. Few studies in the literature have described the consequences of laser and IPL devices on melanocytic nevi. Our aim was to summarize the clinical, dermatoscopic and histopathologic modifications that occurred in nevi after these hair removal techniques. We selected four case series and three case reports, totalling 12 patients, of which seven had been previously treated with laser and five with IPL for hair removal. Clinical modifications of nevi consisted in hy­per­pig­men­ta­tion, crust formation, two-colour aspect and complete clearance of nevi. Dermatoscopically, a change in pigment distribution and colour, microcrusts, grey-blue structures and a milky red veil were described. Histo­pa­th­o­lo­gical changes were consistent with inflammation and benignity. Ultraviolet radiation is known to cause DNA damage and mutagenesis, while the effects of visi­ble light and infrared laser on tissues are primarily ther­mal. However, we cannot definitively exclude the po­ten­tial for malignancy after repeated thermal trauma of nevo­me­la­nocytes.
SARS-Cov-2 Delta Variant Decreases Nanobody Binding and ACE2 Blocking Effectivity
Authors: Golcuk Mert , Hacisuleyman Aysima , Yilmaz Sema Zeynep , Taka Elhan , Yildiz Ahmet , Gur Mert
Published: April 2022

The Delta variant spreads more rapidly than previous variants of SARS-CoV-2. This variant comprises several mutations on the receptor-binding domain (RBD_Delta) of its spike (S) glycoprotein, which binds to the peptidase domain (PD) of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in host cells. The RBD-PD interaction has been targeted by antibodies and nanobodies to prevent viral infection, but their effectiveness against the Delta variant remains unclear. Here, we investigated RBD_Delta-PD interactions in the presence and absence of nanobodies H11-H4, H11-D4, and Ty1 by performing 21.8 µs of all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Unbiased simulations revealed that Delta variant mutations strengthen RBD binding to ACE2 by increasing the hydrophobic interactions and salt bridge formation, but weaken interactions with H11-H4, H11-D4, and Ty1. Among these nanobodies H11-H4 and H11-D4 bind RBD without overlapping ACE2. They were unable to dislocate ACE2 from RBD_Delta when bound side by side with ACE2 on RBD. Steered MD simulations at comparable loading rates to atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments estimated lower rupture forces of the nanobodies from RBD_Delta compared to ACE2. Our results suggest that existing nanobodies are less effective to inhibit RBD_Delta-PD interactions and a new generation of nanobodies will be needed to neutralize the Delta variant.
Phase diagram of the TIP4P/Ice water model by enhanced sampling simulations
Authors: Bore Sigbjørn L. , Piaggi Pablo M. , Car Roberto , Paesani Francesco
Published: April 2022

We studied the phase diagram for the TIP4P/Ice water model using enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulations. Our approach is based on the calculation of ice-liquid free energy differences from biased coexistence simulations that sample reversibly the melting and growth of layers of ice. We computed a total of 19 melting points for five different ice polymorphs which are in excellent agreement with the melting lines obtained from the integration of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. For proton-ordered and fully proton-disordered ice phases, the results are in very good agreement with previous calculations based on thermodynamic integration. For the partially-proton-disordered ice III, we find a large increase in stability that is in line with previous observations using direct coexistence simulations for the TIP4P/2005 model. This issue highlights the robustness of the approach employed here for ice polymorphs with diverse degrees of proton disorder. Our approach is general and can be applied to the calculation of other complex phase diagrams.
Degradation of quinone-based flow battery electrolytes: Effect of functional groups on the reaction mechanism
Authors: Nandi Surajit , de Sousa Leonardo Evaristo , Vegge Tejs , de Silva Piotr
Published: April 2022

Organic redox flow batteries are a promising technology for grid-scale energy storage from renewable energy resources. However, the chemical instability of the organic electrolytes prohibits wide-scale commercial implementation as energy storage materials. Therefore, understanding their chemical degradation is essential to develop new and resilient electrolyte materials. In this article, we comparatively studied the chemical degradation pathways of 4,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-disulfonic acid (BQDS) and 3,6-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonic acid (DHDMBS) employing potential energy surface exploration. Both the acid-catalyzed and base-catalyzed pathways have been considered. Density functional theory was used to compare the energetics of the reaction paths. The role of functional groups was investigated to get insight into why BQDS is prone to degradation and DHDMBS is much more stable. Furthermore, we studied the effect of the functional groups on the correlation of free energy of degradation and the reduction potential of the quinones.
Transition Energy, Orientation Force and Work Done in Transitional Behavior Atoms: Formulating New Principles in Thermodynamics
Authors: Ali Mubarak
Published: April 2022

A study of different parameters in thermodynamics is essential to explore the science of various phenomena. When transition states do not reinstate their original states, solid atoms can be related to condensed matter. The same can be the case with gaseous atoms but differently. An anomaly in the first law of thermodynamics can be found while studying the transitional behaviors of atoms. A gaseous atom involves the transitional energy in a gaining manner while undertaking the mid-state. Hence, the work is carried out by that gaseous atom. It should be registered symbolically in a plus form. A solid atom involves the transitional energy in an absorbing manner while undertaking the mid-state. Hence, the work is carried out on that solid atom. It should be registered symbolically in a minus form. Thus, the anomaly is resolved for the change equations in the internal energy system. In a gaseous atom or solid atom system, transition energy is introduced in attaining the mid-state. Hence, gaseous and solid atoms engage different orientation forces to orientate the electrons. In an atom, transition energy changes the potential energy of an electron, whereby it controls the position through orientation force. Gaseous and solid atoms introduce cooling and heat effects when electrons start to restore from the mid-states. A mid-state exists between re-crystallization and liquid states in gaseous or solid atoms. An electron executes dynamics by remaining within the occupied energy knot. Thus, constantly driven electronic states of atoms cause disorder and irreversible cycles.
Ambient-stable near Unity Photoluminescence Quantum Yield in Two-dimensional Tin Bromide Perovskites
Authors: MANDAL ARNAB , ROY SAMRAT , MONDAL ANAMIKA , PAL BIPUL , BHATTACHARYYA SAYAN
Published: April 2022

Semiconductor nanostructures with near-unity photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) are imperative for light-emitting diodes and display devices.With 1,8 diaminooctane (8N8) interlayer spacer, the Dion-Jacobson (8N8)SnBr4 (8N8-DJ) perovskite demonstrates a PLQY of 99.7±0.3%. The near-unity PLQY of 8N8-DJ has outstanding ambient stability for over a month throughout the entire excitation wavelength range. By changing the spacer to n-octylamine (8N), Ruddlesden-Popper (8N)2SnBr4 (8N-RP) also has an appreciable PLQY of 91.7±0.6%. However, the PLQY of 8N-RP is unstable under ambient conditions due to increased lattice strain and structural degradation of the perovskite phase. The PL experiments from 5K to 300K decipher the room temperature PLQY to be due to the self-trapped emission (STE) where the self-trapping depth is 25.6±0.4 meV below the conduction band as a result of strong carrier-phonon coupling. With 34.7-37.3meV exciton binding energy, the ~5.5 s long-lived STE emission dominates over the band edge (BE) peaks at lower excitation wavelengths and higher temperatures. The higher PLQY and stability of 8N8-DJ are due to the stronger interaction between SnBr64- octahedra and 1,8 diammonium octane cation leading to a more rigid structure. The near-unity PLQY of 8N8-DJ remains unchanged from its powder form to the polymer-embedded perovskite films with varying thicknesses.
WEB-BASED DENTAL PATIENT EDUCATION AND MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
Authors: Saeed Mariwan Hama , Ahmed Bahjat Taha
Published: April 2022

It is difficult for hospitals and clinics to manage their documents related to their patients and routine works without having management software. The purpose of this paper is to design and develop a web-based dental clinic application for educating and managing patients. Recent web technologies such as ASP.NET, JavaScript, Bootstrap, and Web Service have been used for developing the application; it is hosted in the Cloud and it is powered by Microsoft Azure Cloud computing Service. A clinic has been selected to use and evaluate the application. The evaluation results of the application show that the application meets its objectives of educating and managing patients. It can be updated and extended to use in various private and public hospitals and clinics for educating and managing patients.
PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS ON THE USE OF TELEGRAM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Jnr Gyane Solomon Ofori
Published: April 2022

Technology has affected virtually every industry, including education. Many schools have now incorporated technology into learning through information and communication technologies (ICTs). During the COVID-19 pandemic, this study looks at how students perceive Telegram Classroom as a learning tool. A qualitative descriptive approach was used in this study, which included an online questionnaire and in-depth online interview sessions with students from the Abetifi Presbyterian College of Education. During the COVID-19 pandemic, 28 students enrolled in the TELEGRAM program for Information Technology courses for a minimum of one term. Five students were also interviewed to gain insight into their TELEGRAM experience. The findings revealed that in a COVID-19 pandemic, many factors influence students’ online learning processes, including utility, ease of use, ease of learning, and satisfaction. TELEGRAM is a great way to improve the talents, abilities, discipline and self-directed learning of students by providing them with teaching materials.
ROLE OF ICT IN THE DISSEMINATION AND ACCESS OF AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION BY SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN SOUTH EASTERN KENYA
Authors: Ireri Daisy Mbucu
Published: April 2022

The agricultural sector has been described as the engine for economic growth and improved livelihoods in Africa. However, the sector has been in decline over many years and poor farmers have largely remained poor with 73 percent of the people living in rural areas subsisting on less than a dollar a day. The efforts to ensure global food security face an ever-expanding list of challenges such as climate change, reduced biodiversity, increasingly frequent natural disasters, food price volatility and inefficient supply chains. The inaccessibility of technological and market information has been cited as the major reason for the low productivity in African agriculture knowledge and information have become the major drivers of social and economic transformation in the world. The objective of the paper was to demonstrate the role of ICT in the dissemination and access of agricultural information by smallholder farmers in South Eastern Kenya. The researcher used mixed research method because it had the ability to explore both quantitative and qualitative research methods hence the researcher had the opportunity to use a wide variety of techniques that aided the research process. This study was carried out in Machakos, Makueni and Kitui Counties of Kenya. The local community were mostly smallholder farmers that relied on rain fed agriculture for crop farming of maize, beans, cow pea, pigeon pea and green grams. The study captured in detail the information needs of the farmers by addressing what they required in the course of normal agricultural activities. It was found out that farmers required information on soil management, pest management, use of fertilizer, weather forecast and financial management tips for mainly improving their productivity. The study concluded that there were positive outcome whenever accurate and timely information was disseminated to the farmer which led to higher quality of production and increased productivity.
Effective Strategies for Improving Primary School Students’ English Reading Skills from the Perspective of Core Literacy
Authors: Zhou Chunmei
Published: April 2022

Primary education, guided by the cultivation of disciplinary core literacy, places a greater emphasis on students’ autonomy and is committed to promoting students’ all-round development. English reading is one of the main ways for students to acquire English knowledge. Although it is a fundamental learning point in English teaching, it poses challenges to English teaching in primary schools. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the current state of English reading education for primary school students from the perspective of core literacy, and then proposes effective strategies for improving students’ English reading skills.
Pertussis surveillance results from a French general practitioner network, France, 2017 to 2020
Authors: Debin Marion , Launay Titouan , Rossignol Louise , Ait El Belghiti Fatima , Brisse Sylvain , Guillot Sophie , Guiso Nicole , Levy-Bruhl Daniel , Merdrignac Lore , Toubiana Julie , Blanchon Thierry , Hanslik Thomas
Published: April 2022

Introduction

In France, three complementary surveillance networks involving hospitals and paediatrician practices currently allow pertussis surveillance among infants (<1 year old) and children (1–12 years old). Data on incidences among adolescents (13–17 years old) and adults (≥ 18 years) are scarce. In 2017, a sentinel surveillance system called Sentinelles network, was implemented among general practitioners (GPs).

Aim

The purpose of Sentinelles network is to assess pertussis incidence, monitor the cases’ age distribution and evaluate the impact of the country’s vaccination policy. We present the results from the first 4 years of this surveillance.

Methods

GPs of the French Sentinelles network reported weekly numbers of epidemiologically or laboratory-confirmed cases and their characteristics.

Results

A total of 132 cases were reported over 2017–2020. Estimated national incidence rates per 100,000 inhabitants were 17 (95% confidence interval (CI): 12–22) in 2017, 10 (95% CI: 6–14) in 2018, 15 (95% CI: 10–20) in 2019 and three (95% CI: 1–5) in 2020. The incidence rate was significantly lower in 2020 than in 2017–2019. Women were significantly more affected than men (83/132; 63% of women, p = 0.004); 66% (87/132) of cases were aged 15 years or over (median age: 31.5 years; range: 2 months–87 years). Among 37 vaccinated cases with data, 33 had received the recommended number of doses for their age.

Conclusions

These results concur with incidences reported in other European countries, and with studies showing that the incidences of several respiratory diseases decreased in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results also suggest a shift of morbidity towards older age groups, and a rapid waning of immunity after vaccination, justifying to continue this surveillance.
Social conformism and confidence in systems as additional psychological antecedents of vaccination: a survey to explain intention for COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare and welfare sector workers, France, December 2020 to February 2021
Authors: Moirangthem Simi , Olivier Cyril , Gagneux-Brunon Amandine , Péllissier Gérard , Abiteboul Dominique , Bonmarin Isabelle , Rouveix Elisabeth , Botelho-Nevers Elisabeth , Mueller Judith E
Published: April 2022

Background

The start of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign among French healthcare and welfare sector workers in January 2021 offered an opportunity to study psychological antecedents of vaccination in this group.

Aim

We explored whether knowledge and attitude items related to social conformism and confidence in systems contributed to explaining intention for COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods

We developed a knowledge and attitude questionnaire with 30 items related to five established and two hypothetical psychological antecedents of vaccination (KA-7C). The online questionnaire was distributed from 18 December 2020 to 1 February 2021 through chain-referral via professional networks, yielding a convenience sample. We used multivariable logistic regression to explore the associations of individual and grouped KA-7C items with COVID-19 vaccine intention.

Results

Among 5,234 participants, the vaccine intention model fit (pseudo R-squared values) increased slightly but significantly from 0.62 to 0.65 when adding social conformism and confidence in systems items. Intention to vaccinate was associated with the majority opinion among family and friends (OR: 11.57; 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.51–29.67) and a positive perception of employer’s encouragement to get vaccinated (vs negative; OR: 6.41; 95% CI: 3.36–12.22). The strongest association of a knowledge item was identifying the statement ‘Some stages of vaccine development (testing) have been skipped because of the epidemic emergency.’ as false (OR: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.73–3.22).

Conclusion

The results suggest that social conformism and confidence in systems are distinct antecedents of vaccination among healthcare and welfare workers, which should be taken into account in vaccine promotion.
Medikal ve Endüstriyel Açıdan Kannabinoidlerin Önemi ve Türkiye Ekonomisine Katkı Potansiyeli
Authors: GÖKGÖZ Azize , YILMAZ CAN Emine
Published: April 2022

Kenevir bitkisi, endüstri ve tıp gibi temel alanlarda kolay, ekonomik ve sağlıklı çözümler sunan bir

bitkidir. Başta kannabinoidler olmak üzere çok sayıda kimyasal madde içermektedir ve zengin bir ürün

yelpazesi vardır. Endüstriyel kenevir biyobozunur her çeşit plastik madde, kağıt-karton, ısı yalıtım ve

inşaat malzemeleri üretiminde, tekstil ve otomotiv sektöründe, gıda ve kozmetik ürünlerin imalatında

ve biyodizel üretiminde kullanılmaktadır. Medikal kenevir kemoterapiye bağlı bulantı-kusma, kanser ile

ilişkili nöropatik ağrı, multipl skleroz ile ilişkili spastisitede, HIV’li hastalarda kilo alımında ve epilepsi gibi

bazı hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır.

Bu yazıda, eski uygarlıklar tarafından kullanılmış olup kültürümüzde önemli bir yere sahip olan ve son

yıllarda popülerlik kazanan tıbbi ve endüstriyel kenevir bitkisinin dünden bugüne kullanımı, yetiştirilmesi,

tıp ve endüstrideki yeri hakkında bilgi verilmesi ve aynı zamanda kenevirin ekonomik potansiyelinin

ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır.