bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anxiety, Depression, Traumatic Stress, and COVID-19 Related Anxiety in the UK General Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Authors: Shevlin Mark , McBride Orla , Murphy Jamie , Gibson Miller Jilly , Hartman Todd K. , Levita Liat , Mason Liam , Martinez Anton Philipp , McKay Ryan , Stocks Thomas Victor Arthur , Bennett Kate Mary , Hyland Philip , Karatzias Thanos , Bentall Richard
Published: April 2020

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented global crisis necessitating drastic changes to living conditions, social life, personal freedom and economic activity. No study has yet examined the presence of psychiatric symptoms in the UK population in similar conditions.AimsWe investigated the prevalence of COVID-19 related anxiety, generalised anxiety, depression and trauma symptoms in a representative sample of the UK population during an early phase of the pandemic, and estimated associations with variables likely to influence these symptoms.MethodBetween March 23rd and March 28th 2020, a quota sample of 2025 UK adults 18 years and older, stratified by age, sex and household income, was recruited by online survey company Qualtrics. Participants completed measures of depression (PHQ9), generalised anxiety (GAD7), and trauma symptoms relating to the pandemic (ITQ). Bivariate and multivariate associations were calculated for age, gender, rural vs urban environment, presence of children in the household, income, loss of income, pre-existing health conditions in self and someone close, infection in self and someone close, and perceived risk of infection over the next month.ResultsHigher levels of anxiety, depression and trauma symptoms were reported compared to previous population studies, but not dramatically so. Meeting the criteria for either anxiety or depression, and trauma symptoms was predicted by young age, presence of children in the home, and high estimates of personal risk. Anxiety and depression symptoms were also predicted by low income, loss of income, and pre-existing health conditions in self and other. Specific anxiety about COVID-19 was greater in older participants.Conclusions The UK population, especially older citizens, were largely resilient in the early stages of the pandemic. However, several specific COVID-related variables are associated with psychological distress: particularly having children at home, loss of income because of the pandemic, as well as having a pre-existing health condition, exposure to the virus and high estimates of personal risk. Further similar surveys, particularly of those with children at home, are required as the pandemic progresses.
Starting Big: The Effect of Unit Size on Language Learning in Children and Adults
Authors: Havron Naomi , Arnon Inbal
Published: April 2020

Multiword units play an important role in language learning and use. It was proposed that learning from such units can facilitate mastery of certain grammatical relations, and that children and adults differ in their use of multiword units during learning, contributing to their varying language-learning trajectories. Accordingly, adults learn gender agreement when encouraged to learn from multiword units. Previous work has not examined two core predictions of this proposal: (1) that children also benefit from initial exposure to multiword units, and (2) that their learning patterns reflect a greater reliance on multiword units compared to adults. We test both predictions using an artificial-language. As predicted, both children and adults benefit from early exposure to multiword units. In addition, when exposed to unsegmented input – adults show better learning of nouns compared to article-noun pairings, but children do not, a pattern consistent with adults’ predicted tendency to focus less on multiword units.
Real-Time Generative Adaptive Digit Span Testing
Authors: Wolfe John Harmon
Published: April 2020

This paper explores the subject of generative adaptive testing using the digit span test as an example. A large-sample study of computer-generated and administered digit-span items on Navy recruits showed an almost perfect correlation (.98-.99) between digit span length and IRT difficulty. Predicted IRT parameters can be used for adaptive testing using items generated in real-time. Our results suggest that the best research strategy for developing generative adaptive tests may be to start with the most elementary cognitive tasks, and then build toward more complete psychometric models of complex mental tasks. The results of this study are sufficiently encouraging so that the same research approach should be tried with other forms of memory span tests and more complex working memory tests, including tests for figures, colors, and words. The paper advances the conjecture that the test information function of a generative CAT system has a mathematical relationship to the model fit and the distribution of the model-specified item parameters, independent of the content domain of the test.
A Novel Solution to Academic Publishing
Authors: Ennis E. Garrett
Published: April 2020

Scientists have complained about the inconsistency and politics of academic publishing for hundreds of years. Among the explanations offered are that evaluators lack time and use shortcuts, that they lack the expertise to judge things properly, that they can't put aside personal biases and we must hide the names of authors, and that they are conscientious instead of creative and cannot judge new ideas. All of these are actually wrong. As a literary analyst, I spent the last ten years independently studying this same problem in book and movie production. I've found that the human decision-making apparatus doesn't work the way we think, and the solutions based on this misunderstanding could never have solved the problem. In this paper, we present the first method that actually can, which is a technique adapted from computer hacking, as well as a new view of how our brains make choices.
Prospect Theory in Times of a Pandemic: The Effects of Gain versus Loss Framing on Policy Preferences and Emotional Responses During the 2020 Coronavirus Outbreak
Authors: Hameleers Michael
Published: April 2020

During the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, citizens and governments across the globe relied heavily on the legacy media: Not only to inform people about fast-paced developments in the midst of a crisis, but also to stimulate compliance with strict interventions. Prospect theory postulates that gain versus loss framing may affect preferences for different interventions. In a conceptual replication of Tversky and Kahneman’s seminal prospect theory, findings from surveys in the US and the Netherlands (N = 1,121) demonstrate that gain frames of the coronavirus promote support for risk-aversive interventions, whereas loss frames result in more support for risk-seeking alternatives. Beyond these preferences, gain frames yield slightly more support for strict interventions such as a lockdown than loss frames. Loss frames elicit stronger negative emotions, such as frustration and powerlessness. The experience of powerlessness, in turn, mediates the effects of loss versus gain frames on support for stricter interventions. Together, these findings indicate that framing the pandemic in terms of gains may be most effective in promoting support for the strict preventative measures that have been taken throughout the globe.
Birth spacing and health outcomes: differences across the life course and developmental contexts
Authors: Barclay Kieron , Kolk Martin
Published: April 2020

In this chapter we discuss research on the effects of long and short birth spacing from the perspective of children. Recent research has placed doubt on previous findings of adverse effects of short birth intervals on birth outcomes as well as short-, medium-, and long-term health, educational, and socioeconomic attainment outcomes. We summarize recent findings with a particular focus on impacts over the life course, and the extent to which findings are applicable at various levels of social and economic development. We also briefly discuss the effects of birth spacing in the broader context of research examining the effects of early life conditions on adult outcomes.
The Role of the Socio-economic Compositional Effect in Systemic School Effectiveness and Equity
Authors: Sciffer Michael Gregory , Perry Laura B. , McConney Andrew
Published: April 2020

This study examines the role of the socio-economic compositional effect in predicting the systemic performance and equity of schools. We build on prior research by comparing the size and linearity of compositional effects in primary and secondary schools and testing whether students differ in sensitivity to school composition, while addressing critiques of potential biases from measurement error and selection effects. A set of residualised-change and cross-sectional models were tested for selection bias, linearity, differential sensitivity and substantiveness of the compositional effect. We found that the relationship between composition and achievement growth was larger in secondary than primary schools while addressing potential biases from measurement error and selection effects. The socio-economic compositional effect was non-linear in several academic domains, reducing as average school SES increased. Secondary students differed in sensitivity to composition by family socio-economic status, with sensitivity reducing as family socio-economic status increased. We found that socioeconomic composition was a substantive effect, both as a comparative predictor of academic achievement and explaining school-level variance in achievement growth. We conclude that the school socio-economic compositional effect substantively influences systemic performance and equity. We argue school composition should be a leading focus of policy reform as reducing school segregation would improve systemic school performance and equity.
WHAT DO WE REALLY KNOW ABOUT POLICE PATROL?: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ROUTINE POLICE PATROL RESEARCH
Authors: Dau Philipp M. , Vandeviver Christophe , Dewinter Maite , Witlox Frank , Beken Tom Vander
Published: April 2020

Purpose: Research on routine police patrol has experienced little attention in criminology for the past four decades. Despite the fact that little is known about this mode of policing, a consensus seems to prevail regarding its ineffectiveness for crime deterrence and crime prevention. To emphasize this gap of research, this study systematically reviews existing literature on routine police patrol.Methods: A systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines of scientific studies (n=4) was conducted. Evidence was synthesized quantitatively (e.g., tabular) and qualitatively (e.g., narrative argumentation). Results: The synthesized results provide no ground for the diagnosed ineffectiveness of routine police patrol, that seems to be believed throughout criminological studies. Despite the outdated character of the majority of reviewed studies, results show inconsistencies and fail to clearly establish positive or negative quantitative crime deterrent effects.Conclusion: Contemporary research does not adequately understand the effects of routine police patrol and builds leading police research on a limited number of methodically flawed studies from the mid 1970’s. Future research should establish the effectiveness of this mode of policing and optimal spatial allocation of police officers following a sound methodological framework.
Youth crime as a ‘way of life’? Prevalence and criminal career correlates among a sample of juvenile detainees in Australia
Authors: Payne Jason Leslie , Roffey Nadienne
Published: April 2020

For more than 60 years, scholars have often likened chronic and persistent offending to ‘living a criminal way of life’, yet these evocative motifs have not received much empirical scrutiny. In particular, the so-called criminal lifestyle is often conceptualised as something the chronic young offender opts into as an alternative to other pro-social pathways. Whereas for older offenders, it is something into which they find themselves trapped an unable to escape. The idea that crime is a chosen ‘way of life’ among chronic young offenders has not yet received sufficient empirical scrutiny. In this study, we use archival data of nationally representative cohort (n=373) of serious young offenders from Australia who were each asked whether crime was their ‘way of life’. From this, we estimate its prevalence and criminal-career correlates, finding that one in three strongly identify with crime as their way of life. Self-identification is also found to be strongly correlated with Indigenous status even after controlling for different features of the juvenile criminal career. In all, our data paint a vivid portrait of a criminal identity that, for the young offender, likely signals a perceived inevitability that evolves in the context of structurally and culturally conditioned opportunities. Understanding this phenomenon among youthful offenders is important if we are to be successful in our attempts to curtail criminal continuity through desistance informed interventions.
An exploratory survey on the perceived risk of COVID-19 and travelling
Authors: Jittrapirom Peraphan , Tanaksaranond Garavig
Published: April 2020

In the face of an emerging and novel pandemic, perceptions of its danger and probability of being affected can influence how an individual take precautionary actions. We performed an exploratory study to examine how travellers perceive the risk-related to COVID-19 and how the outbreak has affected their commuting and non-commuting travel activities. Building on previous studies, we propose a working hypothesis of personal risk perception and trip adjustment decision and collect information to preliminary check our hypothesis. We report on our work, and the results of an online survey carried out between March 12-19, 2020, which collected 71 responds from countries in Europe, Asia, Australia, and the Middle East in this working paper. Our results illustrate how the respondents altered their travel, their rationales, the precautionary actions they took, their foremost concerns, the sources of information they based their decisions on, and how useful they found teleconference as an alternative. Also, we observed their risk-related perception concerning the proposed model. We found several potential correlations and some regional and country variations but were unable to draw any definitive conclusion due to the limited sample size. We share our preliminary results here for discussion purposes.
Seasonal variation in infant mortality in India
Authors: Gupta Aashish
Published: April 2020

Investigating seasonal variation in health and mortality helps understand disease dynamics and environmental health exposures. Using four available rounds of India's Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), this paper examines seasonality in infant mortality in India. I use information on the birth month-year, survival status within the first year of life, and age (in months) at death (if the infant died) of more than 330,000 children born between 1989 and 2014 to estimate period mortality rates between ages 0 and 1 for each calendar month. Relative to the spring months, infant mortality is higher in the summer, monsoon, and winter months. If the mortality conditions in the spring months were prevalent throughout the year, would have been less by 10.8 deaths per 1,000 infant alive per year in early 1990s and 4.1 deaths per 1,000 per year in the mid-2010s. Seasonal variation in infant mortality is higher among children born in less wealthy households, among children of less educated mothers, in rural areas, and in poorer regions. Although seasonality in infant mortality has attenuated over-time, seasonal variation in the early-childhood disease environment remains a concern, particularly in rural areas. These results highlight the multiple environmental health threats that infants in India face, and the limited period within a year when these threats are less salient.
Kajian Website Pendaftaran Peserta Pelatihan Pada Kemendag Dengan Pendekatan Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Satriadi Irawan , Amrin Amrin
Published: April 2020

Perdagangan dunia menunjukkan perkembangan dinamis terlebih dengan mulai diberlakukannya Free Trade Agreement. Hal ini perlu disikapi oleh para pelaku bisnis terutama eksportir dan calon eksportir, mengingat pasar internasional kini menuntut profesionalisme yang tinggi dan bukan sekedar transaksi. Dengan tuntutan tersebut, pelaku bisnis perlu memiliki keterampilan dan pengetahuan yang cukup untuk menangkap peluang serta memenuhi standar yang dikehendaki oleh pasar internasional. PPEI sebagai lembaga pendidikan dan pelatihan di bidang ekspor impor yang berada di lingkungan Direktorat Jenderal Pengembangan Ekspor Nasional Kementerian Perdagangan, senantiasa terlibat aktif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan sumber daya manusia para pelaku bisnis, dengan berbagai pengetahuan praktis dan keterampilan yang diperlukan untuk menjadi yang handal, berwawasan global dan berdaya saing tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi teknologi web dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi penerimaan pengguna pada website pendaftaran peserta pelatihan di PPEI Kemendag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan  diri calon peserta berinternet berpengaruh terhadap  persepsi kemudahan calon  peserta dalam menggunakan website, tidak berpengaruh terhadap niat untuk menggunakan website, dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku penggunaan website
Pendeteksi Kesalahan Pengetikan Kata Non Baku pada Karya Tulis Menggunakan Metode N-Gram
Authors: Hartina Titi , Masri Agustin
Published: April 2020

Karya tulis sudah menjadi salah satu sarana bagi para generasi muda untuk menuangkan idenya, ide tersebut biasa di susun membentuk sebuah karangan berupa tulisan dari hari pemikiran, pengamatan, dan tinjauan dalam berbagai bidang. Karya tulis yang dibuat haruslah memiliki kualitas yang baik sehingga pembaca akan mudah untuk menerima makna dan tujuan dari penulisan karya tulis tersebut. Akan tetapi tidak semua karya tulis yang dibuat memiliki kualitas seperti yang diharapkan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya kualitas penulisan karya tulis yang baik adalah kesalahan dalam penggunanan kata non baku yang disengaja maupun yang tidak disengaja. Mengacu pada masalah tersebut, maka digunakan metode N-Gram untuk membantu proses penelitian yang akan dilakukan. Metode N-Gram ini digunakan untuk pembangkitan kata dan karakter yang tidak sesuai dengan penulisan kata baku dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Dengan cara ini, maka kata nonbaku yang menjadi inti pemasalahan tersebut akan mudah terdeteksi. Agar dapat mengimplementasikan tujuan dari penelitian maka metode ini dituangkan kedalam sebuah aplikasi pendeteksi kesalahan pengetikan kata nonbaku pada karya tulis berbahasa indonesia menggunakan metode N-Gram. Aplikasi ini dapat meminimalisasi kekurangan dalam penulisan karya tulis.
Preparation and Properties of Polyaminosiloxane Modified Polyester Waterborne Polyurethane
Authors: Xu C.-S. , Wu M.-T. , Ouyang L. , Cai Z.-S. , Ren Y. , Lu S.-F. , Shi W.-Z.
Published: April 2020

In this study, a organosilicon modified waterborne polyurethane (WPU) is synthesized with polyethylene glycol 1,4-butanediol adipate ester diol (PBA) to form the soft segment, dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) as the hydrophilic chain extender, and isophorone diisocyanate as the hard segment to synthesize the WPU prepolymer, and aminoethyl aminopropyl dimethicone (AEAPS) as the graft chain extender. The properties of the formed WPU films are then characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic mechanical analysis. It is found that when the amount of AEAPS in the WPU is increased from 0 to 30 wt%, the particle size of the AEAPS modified WPU emulsion is increased from 84.8 nm to 271.9 nm and maintained high centrifugal stability. Moreover, the water absorption of the WPU film is reduced from 43.4% to 24.1%, and the hardness is enhanced from 3H to 5H, while the glass-transition temperature (Tg) of the soft segment of the modified WPU shifts from -37.4 °C to -44.3 °C, and the Tg of the hard segment shifts from 73.6 °C to 118.1 °C. Therefore, the overall performance of AEAPS modified WPU is improved.
Joining of Contact Pins and Conductive Compounds via Injection Molding – Influence of the Flow Situation on the Electrical Contact Resistance
Authors: Heim H.-P. , Mieth F. , Schlink A. , Wiegel K. , Brabetz L.
Published: April 2020

While a lot of research can be found in the field of bulk resistance of carbon filled polymers, comparatively few papers focus on contact resistance between compound and metal contacts. Due to that small number of researches that deal with contact resistances, studies of the influence of injection molding conditions and parameters on the contact resistance are also very rare. In contradiction to that, these influences on bulk resistance have been studied. The objective of this work was to investigate the electrical contact resistance of overmolded tinplated copper contacts after modifying flow situations and molding conditions by procedural and constructional methods in contact areas. Metal pins were overmolded with a polypropylene compound containing 45 vol.% graphite, utilising an insert injection molding process. To affect the flow situation at the contacts, several processing parameters, such as mold temperature and injection speed, were modified. In addition, the contact alignment related to melt flow direction was varied. Electrical properties were studied and related to macroscopic and microscopic connection properties and flow situations in contact regions. It was found that the contact resistance is a significant factor while examining electrical resistances of overmolded samples. Furthermore, it was shown that the various flow situations had an essential impact on contact resistances. Weld lines at the position of the contact caused a decreased contact resistance. The correlation of the weld line effect, the filler orientation and contact resistance were successfully investigated by μ-CT. Regarding processing parameters, it was observed that a high mold temperature of 120 °C increased not only bulk conductivity, but also had a positive impact on contact conductivity. Macroscopic and microscopic connection mechanisms of contact surfaces were interpreted and connected to the experimental observations.
INNOVATIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Tetiana Mulyk  , Yaroslavna Mulyk
Published: April 2020

The main purpose of the research is to determine the role of innovation of agrarian enterprises for their effective management, as well as analysis of the internal and external environment of innovation activity of agrarian enterprises, their threats and opportunities with the help of SWOT-analysis. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to innovative activity of agrarian enterprises made it possible to generalize that the fundamental questions related to the interpretation of the essence of innovations, innovation activity and innovative processes of enterprises, with the specifics of their manifestation in agrarian enterprises, were investigated by domestic and foreign scientists as well as regulated by normative- legal acts. The urgency of solving this scientific problem lies in the fact that the determining factor of the efficiency of economic activity of the enterprise is their innovative development, which is based on the introduction and implementation of innovations, which determine the improvement of its activities, affect the strengthening of its market positions and produce suitable conditions for its development. One of the promising areas for innovations is the agrarian sector. Introduction of innovations in practice in all spheres of agrarian enterprises contributes to: the increase of labor productivity, decrease of expenses and cost of production, saving of various kinds of resources, increase of volumes and improvement of efficiency of agrarian production. The article analyzes the main directions of IT innovations in agrarian business, innovative solutions (products) and opportunities. It is determined, that any agrarian enterprise has its own peculiarities and specificity and requires individual innovative solutions. The management of the company often can easily identify, what is needed to increase the efficiency. And sometimes the services of analysts and IT consultants, who are professionals of their business, and can unmistakably determine the individual needs and decisions, can be useful. The peculiarities of formation and development of innovation process in agriculture were analyzed. A SWOT analysis of innovative activity of agrarian enterprises was conducted, which allowed to identify their strengths (weaknesses) sides, opportunities and threats. The results of the research can be useful for scientists, specialists and heads of agrarian enterprises, teachers of higher educational establishments, postgraduates, students and all those, who are interested in problems of development and efficiency of innovation activity.
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF CREATION LOGISTIC PARK
Authors: Tleulina Aigerim
Published: April 2020

One of the main trends of modern economic relations is the transition of priorities from the producer market to the buyer market.In this regard, the ability to combine production, the planning system with individual purchasing preferences is becoming a decisive factor in competition and the economy of the future. As a result, rapid changes in buyers' preferences, their requests for quality of delivery lead to the need to reduce delivery times and volumes, and to reduce reserve stocks of time and materials. Perhaps the second feature is the strengthening of integration processes among countries, particularly in the context of the expansion of the WTO, with the possibility of placing production in countries with cheaper labor and lower tax rates, and the development of international trade has opened up access to cheaper resources.
DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATION BETWEEN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND CHINA IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE “ECONOMIC BELT OF SILK ROAD”
Authors: Tleulina Aigerim
Published: April 2020

The Economic belt of the Silk Road project (hereinafter referred to as the "EBSR") has formed China's new long-term strategy "One belt − one way". With a view to the practical implementation of the EBSR initiative, China, in cooperation with interested Asian countries, is creating two important financial development institutions: the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Silk Road Fund. The new Chinese initiative, judging by the available information available, can pursue three strategic objectives:expansion of international and regional trade; the creation of international transport corridors from China to Europe and the Middle East through the territory of Kazakhstan and Central Asia;gradual increase of China's economic presence in Central Asia as a strategically important partner. Kazakhstan, as well as other countries of Central Asia, it is important to participate in the implementation of the Chinese EEPS initiative, to effectively use the emerging new opportunities and advantages of regional cooperation, while achieving, at the same time, minimizing risks and threats.
Sound-Color-Symbolic Perception of Poetic Texts by Synesthets
Authors: Elivanova Mariya , Semushina Valeria
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The article is devoted to discussing complex synesthets’ capability of sound-colour-symbol analysis of poetic texts in order to investigate their perception depending on subconsciousness which activity manifests itself in the form of symbolic images of the unconscious (Jung, 1968).

Research methods. Synesthets were offered the text and the recording of R. L. Stivenson’s poem “The Land of Counterpane” in original and variants of its translation by V. Brjusov and О. Mandelstam (the last one with recording). The tasks were as follws: to read aloud or to listen to the poems trying not to take into account meaning of words, to describe the colour of the texts depending on sound/letter frequency and to report us their image-symbol associations based on sound-colour of the texts. These data were analyzed from the point of view of Jung’s depth analytical psychology and psychology of colour.

Results and their discussion. Sound-colour analysis executed by respondents show that their perception of sound frequency differs depending on individual peculiarities of synesthesia. Synesthets’ spontaneous incidental image-symbol associated with sound and colour of the same poems have a tendency to be different in most cases and rarely coincide. Various metaphoric images can have close symbolic meaning determined by poet’s primary motivation with help of phonetic means of language expression. Received data show that synesthets’ perception depends on the language, the text is written in, and emotionality/inemotionality (characteristic feature offered by one respondent) of reader’s manner of reciting in the recording. Image symbols evoked while reading and listening to English and Russian texts can be the same in case the tested person regards the translation more successful.

Conclusion. Image symbols associated by complex synesthts with sound and colour of poetic texts appear in the subconscious on the ground of synesthemia (co-sensation and co-emotion). Sound-colour-symbol perception is determined by individual peculiarities of synesthesia and synesthets’ personal experience.
Дослідження в галузі санітарної статистики в Україні (друга половина ХІХ – початок ХХ століття): історіографія
Authors: Kotsur Nadia
Published: April 2020

У статті проведено аналіз історіографічних розвідок у галузі санітарної статистики в Україні в другій половині ХІХ – початку ХХ століття. У дослідженні використано методи джерелознавчого та історіографічного аналізу і синтезу, структурно-системний підхід, періодизація. Як один із наукових методів дослідження запропонована періодизація, щодозволила виявити закономірності та особливості розвитку санітарно-статистичних досліджень у кожному часовому вимірі. Історіографічний аналіз досліджуваної проблеми проведено за трьома періодами: перший період – друга половина ХІХ – початок ХХ ст.; другий – радянський період (1917–1990 рр.); третій – сучасний, період незалежності України, з 1991 р. З’ясовано, що в другій половині ХІХ ст. домінували праці земських лікарів, представників наукових медичних товариств. Розкрито внесок земських лікарів у проведенні санітарно-статистичних досліджень. Чільне місце в масиві публікацій із проблем санітарної статистики належало вченим провідних університетів – Київського, Харківського, Новоросійського. Встановлено, що для другого історіографічного періоду (1917–1990 рр.) було характерно наявність значного масиву наукових розвідок як за рівнем теоретичних узагальнень, так і авторством публікацій. У цей період з’являються нові напрями розвитку гігієни, зокрема соціальної, фундаментальні дослідження в галузі санітарної статистики тісно поєднуються з її прикладними аспектами. Дослідження здійснюються як на університетських кафедрах, так і в спеціалізованих установах ВУАН. Для сучасного історіографічного періоду характерно більш об’єктивне висвітлення історії становлення і розвитку санітарної статистики. До наукового обігу повернулися з спецсховищ архівів праці вчених-лікарів, які були репресовані тоталітарним режимом. Санітарна статистика стала досліджуватися як на рівні макро, так і мікроісторії, відбулося повернення в лабораторію творчого пошуку забутих імен учених-лікарів, подвижників медичної справи на теренах України.
Modern aspects of competitiveness in Kazakhstan
Authors: Syzdykova D.I. , Syzdykova E.Zh. , Assanova M.K. , Dauletova A.M.
Published: April 2020

Object: The purpose of this study is to determine the degree of influence of various economic indicators on the competitiveness of Kazakhstan’s economy. To identify the challenges of competitiveness’ establishment. At the moment, there is a need to find ways to increase the competitiveness of domestic economy in the light of Kazakhstan's integration into the world. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the competition development in the modern economy of Kazakhstan. The object of the study are the aspects of competition in the economy of Kazakhstan. The subject of the study are the peculiarities of competition in Kazakhstan as an integral feature of a market system that can positively affect the country's economic growth.Methods: statistical and comparative analysis.Findings: This article explores aspects that affect competitiveness. Performed was the analysis of indicators on the global competitiveness rating, foreign direct investment (FDI) for the period of 2009–2019 for such countries as Kazakhstan, Russia, Azerbaijan, and Kyrgyzstan. FDI is an indicator of the “confidence” of investment by large companies. Studied were the indicators of the innovation index and the costs of research and development for the period of 2011–2019.Conclusions: Globalization and the post-industrial era require Kazakhstan to increase competitiveness. At this stage of development, innovative methods of increasing the economy are becoming more and more sought after. The results of the study allow us to conclude which of the listed aspects affect the competitiveness of the domestic economy. These results are very important for decision making within the economy.
State administration of higher education in the Republic of Kazakhstan: problem and perspectives
Authors: Tapenova G.S. , Bugubayeva R.O. , Kupalova G.
Published: April 2020

Object: identify current problems of higher education in the Republic of Kazakhstan, aimed at improving the competitiveness of education, the development of human capital by ensuring the availability of quality education for sustainable economic growth. The article also discusses the current state and development trends of the higher education system in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Structure of higher and postgraduate education in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Data on the priority directions of development of the higher education system at the present stage, as well as the implementation of program goals and objectives defined in international and national strategic and program documents, are analyzed.Methods: the article uses theoretical and empirical research methods: the works of foreign and Kazakhstani authors on this topic, legislative and program documents are studied. In order to identify problems, an analysis of official statistics was conducted.Findings: the analysis and forecast of the faculty of the higher education system. Analysis of the dynamics of changes in the number of students in the higher education system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The analysis of the ratio of students in the form of ownership of universities, the ratio of students in the form of payment for education, as well as the dynamics of the contingent of students in the regional context.Conclusions: as a result of the study, conclusions were drawn and development prospects and methods for improving the monitoring of higher education in the Republic of Kazakhstan were determinedю
The effectiveness of realization of regional innovative policy: problems and ways of development
Authors: Bekniyazova D.S. , Kashuk L.I. , Davidenko L.M. , Stecenko I.P.
Published: April 2020

Object: assessment of the effectiveness of regional economic policy implementation in the Republic of Kazakhstan, which allows to assess the General trends and features of regional development, their advantages and disadvantages for achieving their economic stability and development.Methods: During the research, rationing of indicators based on traditional linear scaling was used to obtain relative data, on the basis of which regional ratings for all estimated indicators for 2013–2017 were determine.Results: The need for innovative development of the economy of Kazakhstan has actualized issues related to the efficiency of the national economy and factors affecting it, and therefore it is analyzed the dynamics of the main macroeconomic indicators in the country in recent years. The assessment of the level of development of regions on the basis of macroeconomic indicators was carried out in order to determine functional tasks, the solution of which is most important for regional development.Conclusions: In general, it is emphasized that the socio-economic development of the regions has a significant impact on the quality of life and well-being of the population, as well as on the development of the economic potential of the region and its innovative and investment attractiveness, which generally affects the country’s welfare.
Regionalization and integration of the global economy
Authors: Kaliakparova G.Sh. , Gridneva Y.E. , Kalmanova N.М.
Published: April 2020

Object: The aim is to disclose the processes of involving most of humanity in a single system of financial, economic, socio-political and cultural ties, demanding effective ways to streamline relations in a space. Like other countries Kazakhstan is involved in the process of regionalization, Kazakhstan is also interested in free access to foreign markets. The authors of the article determined the role of Kazakhstan in the international community in matters of regionalization and integration.Methods: The main methods: analysis, detailing, generalization.Findings: It has been established that free economic zones, having a structural effect on the international movement of goods, services, capital, contribute to the processes of globalization and the development of economic integration.Conclusions: During the writing of the article, the authors concluded that regionalization and integration of the economy have both positive and negative sides. On the one hand, they contribute to the convergence of national economies that interact with each other. On the other hand, it is contributing to the split of a single world market, which is leading to rivalry and competition.
The investment climate of the regions of Kazakhstan: issues of state regulation
Authors: Khassenova K.K. , Shamisheva N.K. , Issayeva B.K. , Niyazbekova Zh.U.
Published: April 2020

Object: The subject of the study is the study of ways to optimize regulatory mechanisms and support from the state, if the investment situation of the regions of Kazakhstan has determined as a purpose the study to show the most effective ways associated with their increase, forming the object of studyMethods: statistical analysis, integral potential, methods of integrated risksFindings: The investment climate in the country is the main factor determining the ability of the country to attract foreign investment, as well as the development of small and medium enterprises. From this point of view, the problem of increasing the investment opportunities of the regions and acquiring on their basis the opportunities for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is one of the most urgent. Therefore, in the article, a comparative analysis of the investment priorities of the regions reflects the relevance of the full implementation of strategically important state programs.Conclusions: The modern mechanisms of state support and regulation of investment attraction processes, indicating the causes of imbalances in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan are reflected in this article. Given the diverse industrial and industrial focus of the regions, the need for ongoing support for economic diversification has been taken into account.
Development of methodological bases for the foresight model of youth entrepreneurship development
Authors: Khussainova Zh.S. , Zhartay Zh.M.
Published: April 2020

Objective: development of methodological bases for the foresight model of youth entrepreneurship development.Methods: methods of system based, structural and functional analysis.Findings: specification of the specifics of the foresight method in the development of long-term development strategies with perspective extrapolation to modeling the development of youth entrepreneurship.Conclusions: The foresight analysis of youth entrepreneurship does not have an independent character, but is a factor element of technological foresight, cluster foresight, and sociological foresight. This approach is also productive, since it allows you to use additional in-depth analysis materials and contribute to the formation of additional scenario opportunities. Therefore, the combination of a separate youth foresight and youth entrepreneurship in the framework of other foresight projects allows you to differentiate factor analysis and use all the methods of foresight research more effectively.
Ways of optimization and cost reduction of the enterprise
Authors: Baibossynov S.B. , Nevmatulina K.А. , Shakeyev S.S.
Published: April 2020

Object: Optimization and cost reduction of the enterprise as a type of activity are in the process of their formation and is manifested primarily in the abundance of models of both local processes and the development of “global” strategies. Methods: The analysis of activity of the enterprises of various spheres shows that, despite abundance of publications on optimization of expenses, it is seldom when enterprise can show a sample of the organization of this process. Contrariwise, the number of unprofitable enterprises indicates that there are serious problems in the organization of the system of optimization and cost reduction. The article uses content analysis. Findings: The strategy of cost optimization sets such tasks as identifying areas of cost reduction as a factor in improving economic performance, determining ways to reduce costs for the main stages of the economic cycle of the product, as well as the calculation of costs for the operating segments and production units of the enterprise. Conclusions: Taking into account that article is devoted to the optimization and, as a consequence, to cost reduction in the enterprise, the author substantiates the necessity for the optimization process and reveals the basic principles of cost optimization in the enterprise. Special attention is paid to the methods and methods of cost optimization, their advantages and disadvantages are revealed.
The system of stimulation of work in modern conditions
Authors: Legostayeva A.A. , Orynbassarova Ye.D. , Vladimirov Zh.
Published: April 2020

Оbject: is to develop scientifically based recommendations for improving the system of labor incentives in modern conditions based on a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the system.Methods: When writing the article, the following methods were used: methods of scientific analysis, synthesis, and structural analysis.Findings: It is revealed that in modern conditions, the human resources potential of the modern economy is the most important strategic factor affecting the country's competitive advantages in the world. In the course of the study, the factors that influence the formation of the labor incentive system were classified. the main principles of building an effective motivation system in modern conditions are revealed, its types are considered, and modern theories of motivation are analyzed.Conclusions: In the course of the study, the authors concluded that it is necessary to apply more flexible approaches to determining the level of the basic salary and the variable part of the salary, the need to link the salary with the final performance indicators of both the individual employee and the entire structural unit, as well as the enterprise as a whole. A classification of factors that influence the formation of the labor incentive system is proposed, including two groups: external (objectively existing and independent of the company's management) and internal (formed and dependent on the company's management).
A BAYESIAN APPROACH BASED ON ACQUISITION FUNCTION FOR OPTIMAL SELECTION OF DEEP LEARNING HYPERPARAMETERS: A CASE STUDY WITH ENERGY MANAGEMENT DATA
Authors: ALI MUHAMMAD , Krishneel Prakash  , Hemanshu Pota
Published: April 2020

With the recent rollout of smart meters, huge amount of data can be generated on hourly and daily basis. Researchers and industry persons can leverage from this big data to make intelligent decisions via deep learning (DL) algorithms. However, the performance of DL algorithms are heavily dependent on the proper selection of parameters. If the hyperparameters are poorly selected, they usually lead to suboptimal results. Traditional approaches include a manual setting of parameters by trial and error methods which is time consuming and difficult process.  In this paper, a Bayesian approach based on acquisition is presented to automatic selection of optimal parameters based on provided data. The acquisition function was established to search for the best parameter from the input space and evaluate the next points based on past observations. The tuning process identifies the best model parameters by iterating the objective function and minimizing the loss for optimizable variables such as learning rate and Hidden layersize. To validate the presented approach, we conducted a case study on real-life energy management datasets while constructing a deep learning model on MATLAB platform. A performance comparison was drawn with random parameters and optimal parameters selected by presented approach. The comparison results illustrate that the presented approach is effective as it brings a notable improvement in the performance of learning algorithm.
GAME EDUKASI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS BERBASIS ANDROID UNTUK SDIT SABILUL QUR’AN CENDIKIA
Authors: Sukanto Petrus sokibi , Ady Widjaja
Published: April 2020

In this modern era, technology continues to evolve rapidly so that it affects us in various areas of life, especially in the field of education. Educational game is a digital game designed for educational enrichment, using interactive multimedia technology and having a good chance with game based. Android is a Linux-based operating system used for mobile phones, such as smartphones and tablet computers (PDA). In SDIT Sabilul Qur’an Cendikia, the English language learning has started from Grade 1, but in his studies, enough students are difficult to remember the English vocabulary that has been taught and sometimes students make mistakes in writing English vocabulary. This Android based educational Game is expected to be useful in the learning of Grade 1 children in SDIT Sabilul Qur'an Cendikia in learning English vocabulary and also can help teachers as alternative learning media in delivering Material about the English vocabulary.
Irlandia a Bizancjum. Ikonografia "Trzech Hebrajczyków w piecu ognistym" na krzyżach celtyckich
Authors: Bulas Ryszarda
Published: April 2020

Artykuł analizuje przedstawienia wydarzeń z Dn 3,19-24 w sztuce pierwszego tysiąclecia. Autor ukazuje trzy typy ikonografii i kompozycje tej biblijnej historii: rzymską, koptyjsko-nubijską i irlandzko-bizantyjską. Typ rzymski ma charakter ilustracji, a dwie inne z chrześcijańskiego Wschodu są symboliczne.
Maryja - nasza siostra. Patrystyczny przyczynek do mariologii antropologicznej
Authors: Częsz Bogdan
Published: April 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza słów św. Atanazego z jego Epistula ad Epictetum 7: "Maryja jest naszą siostrą". Autor analizuje najpierw kontekst chrystologiczny powyższego powiedzenia. Aby udowodnić prawdziwą ludzką naturę Chrystusa, przywołuje ludzką naturę Maryi jako Jego Matki. W ten sposób rozwinął ideę ścisłego zjednoczenia Maryi z wszystkimi ludźmi, dla których jest ona jak siostra. Związek ten ma swoje źródło w fakcie, że wszyscy ludzie (w tym Maryja) są częścią potomstwa Adama. Autor uważa, że można uznać Atanazego za prekursora mariologii antropologicznej.
Obraz Kościoła w "Komentarzu do Zachariasza" Dydyma Aleksandryjskiego
Authors: Czyżewski Bogdan
Published: April 2020

Dydym w swoim biblijnym komentarzu do Zachariasza dość często mówi o Kościele. Aspekty, zgodnie z którymi zazwyczaj widzi Kościół, są następujące: 1. Jest to zgromadzenie Żydów, pogan i ludzi powołanych do jedności; 2. Kościół jest ciałem Chrystusa, który jest jego Głową; 3. Nazywa się ją Oblubienicą Chrystusa, bez plam i zmarszczek, jak powiedział św. Paweł; 4. Wreszcie Kościół według Dydyma jest olśniewającym Jeruzalem, w którym żyjemy i gdzie będziemy żyć.