bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical students’ perceptions of their preparedness to care for LGBT patients in Taiwan: Is medical education keeping up with social progress?
Authors: Lu Peih-Ying , Hsu Anna Shan Chun , Green Alexander , Tsai Jer-Chia
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Integrating training on health equity of sexual and gender minorities (SGM) in medical education has been challenging globally despite emphasis on the need for medical students to develop competence to provide adequate care for diverse patient groups. This study elicits Taiwanese medical students’ perceptions of their values and preparedness to care for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender (LGBT) patients using a qualitative approach that considers broader societal changes, and more focused topics such as the provision of relevant training in medical education.

Methods

Eighty-nine medical students/trainees from two southern Taiwanese medical schools (one public and one private) participated in focus groups (n = 70) and individual interviews (n = 19). Qualitative analysis was conducted using inductive thematic analysis.

Results

Participants (i) expressed wide social acceptance and openness toward LGBT individuals, but were unsure of ways to communicate with LGBT patients; (ii) confirmed that stigmatization and biases might be developed during their training; (iii) recognized gender stereotypes could have negative impacts on clinical reasoning; (iv) considered themselves prepared to care for LGBT patients, yet equated non-discriminatory attitudes to preparedness; (v) acknowledged a lack of relevant professional skills; (vi) implicated curriculum did not address LGBT issues systematically and explicitly.

Conclusion

This study has identified the insufficiencies of current medical training and inadequate preparedness of medical students/trainees to provide better care for LGBT patients. It provides insights for medical educators to design and implement effective medical curriculum and training, and faculty development programs to equip medical students/trainees with self-awareness and competencies to more readily provide holistic care for SGM, in keeping up with social progress, and promote health equity for a more diverse patient population.
Plasma proteomic analysis to identify potential biomarkers of histologic chorioamnionitis in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Lee Ji Eun , Dan Kisoon , Kim Hyeon Ji , Kim Yu Mi , Park Kyo Hoon
Published: July 2022

Introduction

To identify potential biomarkers in the plasma that could predict histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), using shotgun and targeted proteomic analyses.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included 78 singleton pregnant women with PPROM (24–34 gestational weeks) who delivered within 96 h of blood sampling. Maternal plasma samples were analyzed by label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for proteome profiling in a nested case-control study design (HCA cases vs. non-HCA controls [n = 9 each]). Differential expression of 12 candidate proteins was assessed by multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (MRM-MS) analysis in individual plasma samples from cases and controls matched by gestational age at sampling (n = 40, cohort 1). A validation study was further performed in an independent study group (n = 38, cohort 2) using ELISA and turbidimetric immunoassay for three differentially expressed proteins.

Results

Shotgun proteomics analyses yielded 18 proteins that were differentially expressed (P < 0.05) between HCA cases and non-HCA controls. MRM-MS analysis of 12 differentially expressed proteins further revealed that the CRP, C4A, and SAA4 levels were significantly increased in women with HCA. A multi-marker panel comprising plasma SAA4 and C4A showed enhanced potential for differentiating HCA from non-HCA women (area under the curve = 0.899). Additional validation of these findings by ELISA assays revealed that the CRP levels were significantly higher in women with HCA than in those without HCA, whereas the plasma levels of C4A and SAA4 did not significantly differ between the two groups.

Conclusions

Plasma C4A, SAA4, and CRP were identified as potential biomarkers for detecting HCA in women with PPROM, based on targeted and shotgun proteomic analyses, showing good accuracy when used as a combined dual-biomarker panel (C4A and SAA4). Nevertheless, ELISA validation of these proteins, except for CRP, may not yield clinically useful markers for predicting HCA.
The effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on adipose tissues in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Liu Fupeng , Yang Qing , Zhang Hongli , Zhang Yanhong , Yang Guangzhi , Ban Bo , Li Yanying , Zhang Mei
Published: July 2022

Aims

Glucagon‑like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) treatment can improve adipose distribution. We performed this meta-analysis to investigate whether GLP-1RAs preferentially reduce visceral adipose tissue (VAT) over subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods

We searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library for randomised controlled trials explicitly reporting changes in VAT and SAT. A random-effects model was performed to estimate the weighted mean difference (MD) for VAT and SAT. Heterogeneity among the studies was assessed usingI2statistics, and publication bias was assessed using Egger’s tests. Meta-regression was performed to identify the correlation between changes in adipose tissues and changes in body weight and glycated haemoglobin level.

Results

Ten trials with 924 patients were enrolled in the meta-analysis. GLP-1RA treatment led to similar absolute area (cm2) reductions in VAT (MD -21.13 cm2, 95% CI [-29.82, -12.44]) and SAT (MD -22.89 cm2, 95% CI [-29.83, -15.95]). No significant publication bias was detected, and this result was stable in the sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Moreover, GLP-1RA treatment resulted in a greater reduction in VAT and SAT in the subgroup with a greater reduction in body weight. The absolute area reduction in VAT was significantly correlated with the reduction in body weight (r = 6.324, p = 0.035).

Conclusions

GLP-1RA treatment leads to significant and similar absolute reductions in VAT and SAT, and the reduction in adipose tissues may be correlated with the reduction in body weight.
Fluoroscopic lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections for recurrent herniated intervertebral disc after discectomy: Effectiveness and outcome predictors
Authors: Um Mi-Kyung , Lee Eugene , Lee Joon Woo , Kang Yusuhn , Ahn Joong Mo , Kang Heung Sik
Published: July 2022

Background

Despite transforaminal epidural steroid injection (ESI) being the first choice in patient with recurrent herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD), efficacy of ESI in those patients are not well established. Herein, we evaluate the effectiveness and outcome predictors of fluoroscopic transforaminal ESI for recurrent HIVD.

Methods

Seventy-seven patients (48 male; mean age, 51.3 years) with recurrent lumbar HIVD were included and divided into three groups according to initial treatment: conservative treatment, transforaminal ESI, and immediate surgery. ESI effectiveness was evaluated by operation rates, injection numbers in 6 months, and pain reduction (visual analog scale (VAS) scores). Clinical and MRI variables were analyzed as possible outcome predictors. Each subject in the transforaminal ESI group was individually matched to two patients with initial HIVD (control group).

Results

In the transforaminal ESI group (n = 37), 20 patients (54.1%) did not undergo reoperation. The initial and follow-up VAS scores were significantly higher in the reoperation group (p = 0.014, p = 0.019, respectively). Patients with either paresthesia or motor weakness (12/19, 63.2%) had a significantly higher reoperation rate than patients with only pain (5/18, 27.8%; p = 0.031). Extruded disc ratios ≥2.0 were significantly higher in the reoperation group (10/17, 58.8%; p = 0.048). The reoperation rate in the transforaminal ESI group (17/37, 45.9%) was higher than the operation rate in the control group (6/73, 8.2%; p<0.001).

Conclusion

Transforaminal ESI was effective in reducing radicular pain in patients with recurrent HIVD. Approximately 54% of patients did not undergo reoperation. An extruded disc ratio ≥2.0 and paresthesia or motor weakness were poor outcome predictors.
Serum albumin, prealbumin, and ischemia-modified albumin levels in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Ahn Sung Soo , Yoon Taejun , Song Jason Jungsik , Park Yong-Beom , Lee Sang-Won
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Acute phase reactants (APRs) are proteins altered by inflammation and are regarded as surrogate markers representing inflammatory status. This study evaluated changes of albumin (Alb), prealbumin (Palb), and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in response to alterations in disease activity and the correlation between disease activity and Alb, Palb, and IMA.

Methods

Fifty-nine patients with AAV registered in the prospective SHAVE cohort, who had available serial blood samples at least three months apart were included (indicated as pre and post). Correlation analysis and linear regression were carried out to determine the relationship between continuous variables. Alb, Palb, and IMA levels in 40 healthy controls (HCs) were compared with patients with AAV.

Results

Comparison of Alb, Palb, and IMA levels in HCs and in patients at initial (pre) and follow-up (post) time points revealed that Alb levels significantly increased following the improvement of disease activity and were comparable between HCs and patients at follow-up (post). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference noted in Palb and IMA levels after the decrease of disease activity. While initial (pre) Alb and Palb were significantly associated with BVAS, a subgroup analysis of patients with new-onset disease showed Palb was no longer significantly associated with Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). Multivariate linear regression showed Alb level (standardized β = -0.377; 95% confidence interval: -5.623, -1.260; p = 0.003) was an independent predictor of BVAS at baseline.

Conclusions

Among Alb, Palb, and IMA, we found that Alb could be a useful marker indicating disease activity in patients with AAV.
Recruitment of the CoREST transcription repressor complexes by Nerve Growth factor IB-like receptor (Nurr1/NR4A2) mediates silencing of HIV in microglial cells
Authors: Ye Fengchun , Alvarez-Carbonell David , Nguyen Kien , Leskov Konstantin , Garcia-Mesa Yoelvis , Sreeram Sheetal , Valadkhan Saba , Karn Jonathan
Published: July 2022

Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection in the brain leads to chronic neuroinflammation due to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn promotes HIV transcription in infected microglial cells. However, powerful counteracting silencing mechanisms in microglial cells result in the rapid shutdown of HIV expression after viral reactivation to limit neuronal damage. Here we investigated whether the Nerve Growth Factor IB-like nuclear receptor Nurr1 (NR4A2), which is a repressor of inflammation in the brain, acts directly to restrict HIV expression. HIV silencing following activation by TNF-α, or a variety of toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, in both immortalized human microglial cells (hμglia) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived human microglial cells (iMG) was enhanced by Nurr1 agonists. Similarly, overexpression of Nurr1 led to viral suppression, while conversely, knock down (KD) of endogenous Nurr1 blocked HIV silencing. The effect of Nurr1 on HIV silencing is direct: Nurr1 binds directly to the specific consensus binding sites in the U3 region of the HIV LTR and mutation of the Nurr1 DNA binding domain blocked its ability to suppress HIV-1 transcription. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays also showed that after Nurr1 binding to the LTR, the CoREST/HDAC1/G9a/EZH2 transcription repressor complex is recruited to the HIV provirus. Finally, transcriptomic studies demonstrated that in addition to repressing HIV transcription, Nurr1 also downregulated numerous cellular genes involved in inflammation, cell cycle, and metabolism, further promoting HIV latency and microglial homoeostasis. Nurr1 therefore plays a pivotal role in modulating the cycles of proviral reactivation by potentiating the subsequent proviral transcriptional shutdown. These data highlight the therapeutic potential of Nurr1 agonists for inducing HIV silencing and microglial homeostasis and ultimately for the amelioration of the neuroinflammation associated with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND).
Multiple modes of antigen exposure induce clonotypically diverse epitope-specific CD8+ T cells across multiple tissues in nonhuman primates
Authors: Simpson Jennifer , Starke Carly E. , Ortiz Alexandra M. , Ransier Amy , Darko Sam , Douek Daniel C. , Brenchley Jason M.
Published: July 2022

Antigen-specific CD8+T cells play a key role in the host’s antiviral response. T cells recognize viral epitopes via the T cell receptor (TCR), which contains the complementarity-determining region-3 (CDR3), comprising the variable, diversity and joining regions of the TCRβ gene. During chronic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of Asian macaque nonhuman primates, tissue-specific clonotypes are identifiable among SIV-specific CD8+T cells. Here, we sought to determine level of antigen exposure responsible for the tissue-specific clonotypic structure. We examined whether the priming event and/or chronic antigen exposure is response for tissue-specific TCR repertoires. We evaluated the TCR repertoire of SIV-specific CD8+T cells after acute antigen exposure following inoculation with a SIV DNA vaccine, longitudinally during the acute and chronic phases of SIV, and after administration of antiretrovirals (ARVs). Finally, we assessed the TCR repertoire of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD8+T cells to establish if TCR tissue-specificity is shared among viruses that chronically replicate. TCR sequences unique to anatomical sites were identified after acute antigen exposure via vaccination and upon acute SIV infection. Tissue-specific clones also persisted into chronic infection and the clonotypic structure continued to evolve after ARV administration. Finally, tissue-specific clones were also observed in CMV-specific CD8+T cells. Together, these data suggest that acute antigen priming is sufficient to induce tissue-specific clones and that this clonal hierarchy can persist when antigen loads are naturally or therapeutically reduced, providing mechanistic insight into tissue-residency.
Respiratory syncytial virus ribonucleoproteins hijack microtubule Rab11 dependent transport for intracellular trafficking
Authors: Cosentino Gina , Marougka Katherine , Desquesnes Aurore , Welti Nicolas , Sitterlin Delphine , Gault Elyanne , Rameix-Welti Marie-Anne
Published: July 2022

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary cause of severe respiratory infection in infants worldwide. Replication of RSV genomic RNA occurs in cytoplasmic inclusions generating viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vRNPs). vRNPs then reach assembly and budding sites at the plasma membrane. However, mechanisms ensuring vRNPs transportation are unknown. We generated a recombinant RSV harboring fluorescent RNPs allowing us to visualize moving vRNPs in living infected cells and developed an automated imaging pipeline to characterize the movements of vRNPs at a high throughput. Automatic tracking of vRNPs revealed that around 10% of the RNPs exhibit fast and directed motion compatible with transport along the microtubules. Visualization of vRNPs moving along labeled microtubules and restriction of their movements by microtubule depolymerization further support microtubules involvement in vRNPs trafficking. Approximately 30% of vRNPs colocalize with Rab11a protein, a marker of the endosome recycling (ER) pathway and we observed vRNPs and Rab11-labeled vesicles moving together. Transient inhibition of Rab11a expression significantly reduces vRNPs movements demonstrating Rab11 involvement in RNPs trafficking. Finally, Rab11a is specifically immunoprecipitated with vRNPs in infected cells suggesting an interaction between Rab11 and the vRNPs. Altogether, our results strongly suggest that RSV RNPs move on microtubules by hijacking the ER pathway.
mandas de plata labrada de don Manuel de Llantada Ibarra a la iglesia de San Miguel de Zalla (Bizkaia) y otras disposiciones testamentarias
Authors: Sánchez-Cortegana José María
Published: July 2022

Muchos fueron los indianos de origen vasco que, a lo largo del siglo XVIII, remitieron importantes mandas de plata labrada desde América a su tierra natal. Este artículo identifica la labor de patronazgo de don Manuel de Llantada Ibarra en su localidad natal de Zalla (Bizkaia), a partir de documentación inédita procedente del Archivo General de Indias y del Archivo José María Basagoiti, Colegio de San Ignacio de Loyola, Las Vizcaínas, de México D.F., aportando, además, nuevos datos para completar su biografía.
Pintoras en Zaragoza en la segunda mitad del siglo XVII
Authors: Vicente Romeo Álvaro
Published: July 2022

En la segunda mitad del siglo XVII vivieron en Zaragoza una serie de pintoras de las que únicamente se conocía alguna mención puntual. Todas ellas desarrollaron su actividad artística en la capital y en otras localidades aragonesas recibiendo su formación en el ámbito familiar, bien por nacer en una familia de artistas o bien por matrimonio. Las artífices conocían perfectamente el oficio por la soltura con la que manejaban el lenguaje de la profesión y por sus conocimientos sobre los rudimentos del mismo. En este texto se estudia su vida y su producción pictórica, de las que nos han llegado datos de interés.
Rectification note to “Scientific models and metalinguistic negotiation” (Theoria. An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science, 34(2), 277-295)
Authors: Sambrotta Mirco
Published: July 2022

Rectification note to “Scientific models and metalinguistic negotiation” (Theoria. An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science, 34(2), 277-295).
Analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus spread and the risk of its introduction into the territory of the Russian Federation
Authors: Agoltsov Valeriy Alexandrovich , Podshibyakin Dmitry Vasilievich , Padilo Larisa Pavlovna , Chernykh Oleg Yurievich , Popova Olga Mikhailovna , Stupina Lyudmila Victorovna , Solotova Nataliya Victorovna
Published: July 2022

Aim: This study examines methods to effectively control peste des petits ruminants (PPR), an emerging, highly contagious, transboundary disease that has been designated as a highly dangerous disease by the World Organization for Animal Health. Mathematical modeling was used as a predictive and preventive tool to assess the risk of PPR virus spread in the model area and the probability of its introduction into the territory of the Russian Federation.

Materials and Methods: PPR risk assessment was performed by modeling the pathogen's ecological niche by performing linear regression analysis in the geographic information system ESRI ArcGIS Desktop and maximum entropy methods using MaxEnt software. The territories of Bangladesh, China, and Algeria were used as model countries because they have the highest number of confirmed PPR outbreaks, as reported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations from 2009 to 2020. The prepared global model of the PPR pathogen's ecological niche was extrapolated onto the territory of the Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation to assess the probability of virus introduction in that region.

Results: Global model analysis showed that two factors exerted the highest influence on the spread of the PPR pathogen on a global scale: The minimum temperature of the coldest month of the year and the density of roads per unit area, which reflect the overall economic activity within a region. The highest risk of PPR spread was observed in areas with a minimum annual temperature of 16°C and road density of 5000 m/km2.

Conclusion: According to the model, areas with a dominant subtropical climate, where small livestock breeding is performed and where the average daily air temperature is >0°C throughout the year, are at the highest risk of PPR outbreaks. The risk of PPR spreading outside these areas is significantly reduced. Local extrapolation of the PPR ecological niche model demonstrates that the probability of epizootic development does not exceed 3–4% within the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation adjacent to Mongolia and China.
On the Formationof Common Legal Consciousness and Waysofits Strengtheningin the Modern Society of Russia and Bulgaria
Authors: Mukova Luydmila , Bedenkov Vladimir
Published: July 2022

Comprehension of the institution of ordinary legal consciousness as an element of the spiritual and intellectual life of society in a specific period allows one to interpret the entire spectrum of state and legal phenomena, which are to be taken into account when social and legal policy of the state is developed, which determines the relevance of such studies. The relevance of this study is confirmed by the state of the social and economic sphere in Russia and Bulgaria, characterized by a series of reforms in: the economy, the structure of society, state institutions and legislation during the transition to post-capitalism. The research tasks of the authors were - the establishment of the common and special between the institutions of the two countries in the sphere of ordinary legal consciousness and, on this basis, the determination of measures to strengthen them. The research tasks were solved by analyzing the state of legal consciousness of Russian and Bulgarian citizens based on the results of empirical research.

The study led to some conclusions:

– studying the institute requires a complex approach,

– common between the institutions of the countries is due to a number of factors: belongigng to Slavic culture, language; Eurasian position; long stay in one economic and ideological paradigm; the sameness in the course of many socio-economic processes during the transition period; the retentionin the minds of citizens of the functions of socialist statehood, etc.,

– differences are manifested in the interests pursued by states due to belonging to different polarities of modern geopolitical poles,

– the coincidence of some of the proposed measures to strengthen the institution was noted: the revival of the spiritual and educational function in the field of education and family; impact on the Internet content; strengthening of civil control over the judicial system and legislative activities of the state, etc.
The Essence and Content of the Principle of Gender Equality in the Texts of Normative Legal Acts of the Scandinavian Countries
Authors: Golovinov Alexander , Golovinovа Yulia
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the category of "gender equality" in the system of some normative legal acts of the Scandinavian countries. The purpose of the work is to show the effectiveness of legal regulation and ensuring the principle of gender equality in the legal policy of this group of states. Guided by the hermeneutic methodology, the authors came to the conclusion that the positive experience of dealing with discriminatory factors is characteristic of modern Sweden. The very concept and term "discrimination" is clearly formulated and defined at the level of regulatory regulation. The Swedish legislator also specifies the manifestations and forms of discriminatory actions.

The publication shows that in Norway one has to observe the concept of establishing specialized government structures. The Norwegian Ministry of Children and Family Affairs includes a special department for gender equality. All this objectively contributes to the effective construction and promotion of true equality for both sexes.

It was established that acting in accordance with other Scandinavian countries, the Danish legislator adopted a special law “On gender equality”. The content of the concept of gender equality, as follows from the text of this document, includes the principle of equal social integration, and is inextricably linked with the concept of equal influence of men and women and their equal opportunities in all spheres of society

It is also emphasized that the content and essence of the principle of gender equality in the legislation of Norway, Sweden and Denmark is directly related to such categories as "women's rights", "prohibition of discrimination", "equal social integration" and "equality of men and women".
The Linguistic and Legal Nature of the Email (from the Practice of Forensic Linguistic Expertise)
Authors: Novgorodova Elena
Published: July 2022

The article presents an illustration of linguo-expert practice. The text of the email is analyzed in order to identify negative information, verify the nature of the expression of the statement in the form of a statement of facts or value judgment, determine the level of offensiveness of the phrase and its representation in the form of a threat. The specific research material is an Internet text functioning in the field of digital business correspondence. The analysis procedure reflected in the article demonstrates the use of traditional methods in linguo-expert practice: propositional, contextual, distributive and lexico-semantic description of words and expressions. The presented piece of linguistic expertise serves as an illustration of the content-semantic and formal-linguistic study of the conflict text in the framework of the trial. The result of the description is the identification of linguistic markers of a legal nature: the presence of negative information verbalized in the form of an assertion, and offensive expressions aimed at abasement of human dignity of the subjects of the statement. The applied significance of the study is determined both by the expansion of linguistic expert practice and the possibility of using the results as preventive measures aimed at reducing speech aggression in the field of business Internet communication.
Trash Content as a Form of Information Threats to Media Security in the Digital Environment
Authors: Bogatyrev Konstantin
Published: July 2022

This article considers information threats in trash content in order to develop a system of media security in the digital environment. The methodological basis of this work was the analytical philosophical tradition along with such general scientific methods of cognition as analogy, comparison, generalization, etc. Also special scientific methods of cognition were used: technical legal, comparative-historical, comparative-legal methods, etc.

Trash content was analysed in the context of media security in digital environment. Manifestations of information threats in this type of content were  also examined. The study showed that trash content is just one of the possible forms of content in which various information threats find expression. To intimidate the manifestations of information threats in trash content, it is necessary to consolidate the efforts of the state and society.
THE FALL OF PUBLIC RELATION OFFICER AND THE RISE OF INFLUENCER IN THE INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT
Authors: Fadillah Dani , Wibowo Arif Ardy
Published: July 2022

The presence of Public Relations Officers in the organization is a must because they’re responsible for establishing good relations between the organization and stakeholders. Good relations between these two will result in harmony. This is a key factor in the success of various programs implemented by the organization. However, it seems that now the role of Public Relations Officers of the Republic of Indonesia Government has begun to decline and be replaced by Influencers starting from the end of 2019 to mid-2020. This research is a case study to describe how the Public Relations Officer of the government of the Republic of Indonesia lost its main function, being heavily replaced by influencers promoting Omnibus Law on social media. Influencers can be a respectable profession if they maintain their quality as public communicators. First, influencers need to have qualifications and competencies relevant to their field. Second, influencers hired by government agencies openly convey to the public that the message sent is a form of a commercial public campaign. Third, government agencies that use influencer services also need to meet the qualifications and competency standards of the influencers they choose. The conclusion is that the government prefers to maximize the function of influencers so that the Omnibus Law gets support from the community rather than maximizing Public Relations Officer. However, the use of influencers must be accompanied by good communication. With this, we can hope that the influencers will develop into a public communication actor that is respectable and acceptable.
GAINING PUBLIC TRUST THROUGH DIGITAL MEDIA BY PUBLIC RELATIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Apriliani Riski
Published: July 2022

This study intends to describe the efforts of the District Government Public Relations. Sleman in building public trust in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Hoax information results in a decrease in public trust in the government because there is a lot of miss information related to COVID-19 and miss information related to government policies, causing a crisis of trust. Therefore, Government Public Relations has the main task of conveying true information and must be able to build public trust and deal with crisis situations. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by in-depth interviews with the Public Relations of the District Government. Sleman and literature study. The concept of Public Relations (Cutlip & Center) and the Dimensions of Public Trust (Rawlins) help researchers to explain public relations efforts to build public trust during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that the Public Relations of the District Government. Sleman has been in building public trust and fighting hoaxes by providing fast information through online media, delivering clear, consistent messages and coordinating efforts to build trust. Nevertheless, the researcher considers the efforts to build public trust carried out by the Public Relations of the District Government. Sleman is not yet fully maximized. This is because there is no clear measurement by the Public Relations of the District Government. Sleman to evaluate performance and efforts to build trust in the community regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.
Fundamentos jurídicos del acuerdo agrario para la paz colombiana
Authors: López Ramón Fernando
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo busca identificar los fundamentos de la reforma agraria con arreglo al método jurídico, empleando para ello fuentes de derecho constitucional comparado y derecho positivo colombiano, cuyo alcance trata de fijarse mediante el manejo de elementos históricos, doctrinales y jurisprudenciales. En un primer epígrafe se consideran las reformas agrarias producidas en Europa y Latinoamérica como reacción ante los procesos liberalizadores del primer constitucionalismo y manifestación del ideario del Estado Social de Derecho, exponiendo sus contenidos relativos a la función social del derecho de propiedad y de la libertad de empresa. En un segundo epígrafe se sintetiza la trayectoria colombiana en la materia, caracterizada por ofrecer notables contrastes a partir del inicial modelo de la propiedad arbitraria, cuya transformación en los marcos legales de las sucesivas reformas agrarias, que culminan en el marco constitucional de 1991, no bastó para obtener resultados globales aceptables, al prevalecer la violencia de los desplazamientos y los despojos. Finalmente, en el tercer epígrafe, la reforma rural integral del Acuerdo de Paz se presenta como una esencial cuestión de Estado, más precisamente, del Estado social de derecho establecido en Colombia; lo que se expresa en un elevado consenso político para la puesta en marcha de un importante programa de actuaciones en torno a tres pilares que conforman la vía colombiana de la reforma agraria: la democratización sostenible de la propiedad de la tierra, la transformación territorial de las comunidades y el compromiso nacional contra la pobreza del campesinado.
0-6 – 60-∞ Hand in Hand: Reflections from an Intergenerational Interaction Study
Authors: GULTEKIN Mehmet , ALAN Umran , ERBIL KAYA Ozlem Melek , YILDIRIM Asli , SINOGLU GUNDEN Tugce , OGUZ IPEK Tuba
Published: July 2022

This study aims to bring together a group of preschool children and older adults residing in a nursing home through some intergenerational interaction activities to examine the interaction between these two groups from the point of view of parents, teachers, older adults, and children. This basic qualitative research was carried out with a study group of 10 preschool children, 11 parents, 3 teachers, and 8 older adults residing in a nursing home, all of whom were determined via a criterion sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the participants and analyzed through an inductive approach. Intergenerational interaction practices provided in the context of the study were considered to be favorable, original, encouraging, positive experiences. The practices were found to be pleasing for both children and the older adults, as well as being awareness raising, interaction and empathy boosting, positive behavior yielding, educative, exciting for children and making them embrace of older adults and feel responsible. For the older adults, it has been concluded that intergenerational interaction practices were pleasing, fulfilling of longing for affection, satisfying, motivating and presenting different experiences. Moreover, adult participants made some suggestions regarding increasing the duration, extending the content and integrating intergenerational interaction activities with school program. As a result, it can be concluded that intergenerational interaction practices have yielded positive outcomes for all of the participants and initiatives and researches should be carried out to disseminate these studies.
Academicians’ Views on the Contribution of International Academic Mobility for Professional Development (The USA Sample)
Authors: BALYER Aydin , OZCAN Kenan
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research was to determine academicians’ views on the contribution of international academic mobility to their professional and personal development. The qualitative study was conducted with a “case study” design. The study group consisted of 15 faculty members determined with snowball sampling method. The data were collected with a semi-structured interview technique, and analyzed with an inductive analysis method. Results showed that international academic mobility contributed to academicians’ personal and professional developments. However, the participants some difficulties such as established negative academic practices, staff constraints, inability to participate in decision-making and adaptation to corporate culture. It was also understood that some academicians are thinking of going back abroad because of the frustration with their promotion process. In addition, the academicians working in the fields of science and engineering in the newly established universities have problems with conducting research and producing publications due to the technical infrastructure deficiencies. It was determined that academicians expect project budgets to increase, strengthen workshops and develop laboratory infrastructures, and access to library databases. The regulations and laws regarding academic mobility for international purposes should be rearranged and the conditions should be improved.
EFFECT OF HIGH INTENSITY CIRCUIT TRAINING IN PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE VALUE AMONG MALE YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Imanita Yohana Revi , Ambarwati Endang , Muniroh Muflihatul , Purwoko Yosef
Published: July 2022

Background: Lung function has mutual correlation with exercise. Abnormal lung function can affect physical ability to exercise. Otherwise, exercise can increase lung function. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is a parameter to observe the lung function. High Intensity Circuit Training (HICT) is a combination of aerobic and endurance exercise which has total duration only 7-minutes long. High Intensity Circuit Training can be a good choice for young adults because it does not need much time, easy to be practiced, and beneficial for physical health as well. Objective: To analyze a significant increase in PEFR value after High Intensity Circuit Training for 8 weeks. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test comparison group method. Samples were taken purposively from medical student of Diponegoro University (n=56, age=18-21 years old), who were divided into two groups, the control and training group. Peak flow meter was used to measure PEFR value before and after intervention. The data were analysed using Paired T test and Independent T test. Results: A significant increase of PEFR value was found after High Intensity Circuit Training for 8 weeks (p=0.000). The mean difference between pre-test and post-test PEFR value was found increased significantly (p=0.001), that training group had higher score as compared to control group. Conclusion: Regular High Intensity Circuit Training can improve lung function particularly PEFR value in male young adults.
Toxicity, Side Effects, and Furosemide Interactions in Therapy of Heart Failure Patients (Systematic Review)
Authors: Wola Diniafelsa , Wijayahadi Noor , Sobirin Mochamad Ali , Kresnoadi Erwin
Published: July 2022

Background: Furosemide as a diuretic loop is one of the main therapies given to heart failure patients with congestion, but in its use furosemide requires a lot of consideration related to toxicity, side effects, and drug interactions.Objective: To determine the toxicity, side effects and drug interactions of furosemide on heart failure patients.Methods: This research is a Systematic Review. Samples were obtained by searching for journals in the online databases of Pubmed, Scopus and Springer Link then adjusted to inclusion criteria and research questions. Data analysis was based on the PRISMA checklist, then searched for similarities and differences.Results: This study found the side effects of furosemide therapy in heart failure patients were: electrolyte disturbance such as: hyponatremia; hypokalemia; and hypomagnesemia, arrythmia, worsening renal function and worsening of AKI, hypotension, increase of plasma renin, and increased risk of fractures. No incidence of furosemid toxicity. The interaction of furosemide on heart failure patients may occur in several drugs like aspirin, digoxin, ACE-inhibitor, and bronchodilator.Conclusion: There is some side effect of furosemide and drug interactions occured in therapy of heart failure patients.Keywords: Furosemide, Toxicity, Side Effects, Interactions, Heart Failure.
Association between Mountain Bike and Folding Bicycle Usage with Lower Extremity Pain
Authors: Alexander David Amadeus , Indraswari Darmawati Ayu , Adji Raden Mas Soerjo , Widodo Sumardi
Published: July 2022

Background: Lower extremity pain from cycling with wrong technique or without adequate preparation could cause bodily injury and pain. Pain might cause reduced patient’s mobility and quality of life in physical and psychological aspects which results in disruption of sufferers when did their daily activities.Objective: Knowing relationship between uses of mountain bikes and folding bicycles with lower extremity pain.Methods: 65 respondents were involved in research conducted in Semarang online at the respective respondent's and researcher's premises. The study used cross-sectional method to assess relationship between certain types of bicycles uses with lower extremity pain presence and quality. Statistical test used in this study was the Mann-Whitney and Fischer's exact test.Results: There were significant differences in handlebar height, saddle height, and wheel diameter between two groups of respondents (p = 0.032, p = 0.001, p < 0.001). There was insignificant difference between mountain bikes and folding bicycles uses with lower extremity pain presence and quality (p = 0.481, p = 0.599). There was also non-significant correlation and very weak correlation mountain bikes and folding bicycles uses with lower extremity pain presence and quality (p = 0.613, p = 0.603), negative correlation to presence of pain (r = -0.088), and positive correlation to quality of pain (r = 0.066). Location of lower extremity which felt most painful by respondents was knee in both groups.Conclusion: There was insignificant relationship between certain types of bicycles uses with lower extremity pain.
Anti-oxidant effect of metformin through AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α/SIRT3– independent GPx1 expression in the heart of mice with endometriosis
Authors: Felgueiras Rodrigo , Neto Ana C. , Rodrigues Adriana R. , Gouveia Alexandra M. , Almeida Henrique , Neves Delminda
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Endometriosis is a gynecological disease associated with an imbalance between oxidative species production and anti-oxidative defenses. In women, endometriosis has been reported to associate with increased incidence of cardiovascular events. As such, this study aimed to analyze the oxidation-responsive AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α/SIRT3 pathway in the heart of a mouse model of endometriosis. The effect of metformin, an insulin-sensitizing and anti-oxidative drug with already shown positive results in endometriotic tissue was studied.

Methods

Thirty-six female B6CBA/F1 mice were divided into 4 groups (Control-C, Surgery-induced Endometriosis and Metformin-EM (50 mg/kg/day orally administrated for 3 months), Endometriosis-E and Metformin-M). Immunofluorescent labelling of SIRT1 and SIRT3 was performed in the heart tissue. Assessment of expression of AMPKα, SIRT1, PGC-1α, SIRT3, SOD2, and GPx1 was performed by Western Blotting. The quantification of microRNA(miR)-34a, miR-195, miR-217, miR-155 and miR-421, involved in the regulation of expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3, was performed by Real-Time PCR.

Results

Data showed an increase in phospho-AMPKα and in GPx1 expression in the EM group when compared to the C group, but not in the total AMPK, SIRT1, PGC-1α, SIRT3 and SOD2, suggesting a GPx1 expression increase independently of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α/SIRT3 pathway. MicroRNAs, excepting miR-217, showed a consistent trend of increase in the M group.

Conclusions

Our study showed that endometriosis does not significantly affect the expression of the components of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α/SIRT3 pathway in the heart. However, it indicates that an oxidative condition underlying endometriosis is required for metformin to evidence an increment in the expression of the anti-oxidative enzyme GPx1.
TMPRSS13 zymogen activation, surface localization, and shedding is regulated by proteolytic cleavage within the non-catalytic stem region
Authors: Martin Carly E. , Murray Andrew S. , Mackinder Jacob R. , Sala-Hamrick Kimberley E. , Flynn Michael G. , Lundgren Joseph G. , Varela Fausto A. , List Karin
Published: July 2022

TMPRSS13 is a member of the type II transmembrane serine protease (TTSP) family. Here we characterize a novel post-translational mechanism important for TMPRSS13 function: proteolytic cleavage within the extracellular TMPRSS13 stem region located between the transmembrane domain and the first site of N-linked glycosylation at asparagine (N)-250 in the scavenger receptor cysteine rich (SRCR) domain. Importantly, the catalytic competence of TMPRSS13 is essential for stem region cleavage, suggesting an autonomous mechanism of action. Site-directed mutagenesis of the 10 basic amino acids (four arginine and six lysine residues) in this region abrogated zymogen activation and catalytic activity of TMPRSS13, as well as phosphorylation, cell surface expression, and shedding. Mutation analysis of individual arginine residues identified R223, a residue located between the low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain and the SRCR domain, as important for stem region cleavage. Mutation of R223 causes a reduction in the aforementioned functional processing steps of TMPRSS13. These data provide further insight into the roles of different post-translational modifications as regulators of the function and localization of TMPRSS13. Additionally, the data suggest the presence of complex interconnected regulatory mechanisms that may serve to ensure the proper levels of cell-surface and pericellular TMPRSS13-mediated proteolysis under homeostatic conditions.
Investigating existence results for fractional evolution inclusions with order r ∈ (1, 2) in Banach space
Authors: Mohan Raja Marimuthu , Vijayakumar Velusamy , Shukla Anurag , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Rezapour Shahram
Published: July 2022

This manuscript investigates the issue of existence results for fractional differential evolution inclusions of order r ∈ (1, 2) in the Banach space. In the beginning, we analyze the existence results by referring to the fractional calculations, cosine families, multivalued function, and Martelli’s fixed point theorem. The result is also used to investigate the existence of nonlocal fractional evolution inclusions of order r ∈ (1, 2). Finally, a concrete application is given to illustrate our main results.
A reinforcement learning based approach to play calling in football
Authors: Biro Preston , Walker Stephen G.
Published: July 2022

With the vast amount of data collected on football and the growth of computing power, many games involving decision choices can be optimized. The underlying rule is the maximization of an expected utility of outcomes and the law of large numbers. The data available allows one to compute with high accuracy the probabilities of outcomes of actions, and the well defined points system in the game allows for a specification of the terminal utilities. With some well established decision theory we can optimize choices for each single play level. A full exposition of the theory and analysis is presented in the paper.
Acquiring verb-argument structure in Tagalog: a multivariate corpus analysis of caregiver and child speech
Authors: Garcia Rowena , Kidd Evan
Published: July 2022

Western Austronesian languages have typologically rare but theoretically important voice systems that raise many questions about their learnability. While these languages have been featured prominently in the descriptive and typological literature, data on acquisition is sparse. In the current paper, we report on a variationist analysis of Tagalog child-directed speech using a newly collected corpus of caregiver-child interaction. We determined the constraints that condition voice use, voice selection, argument position, and thematic role assignment, thus providing the first quantitative analysis of verb argument structure variation in the language. We also examined whether children are sensitive to the constraints on variability. Our analyses showed that, despite the diversity of structures that children have to learn under Tagalog’s voice system, there are unique factors that strongly predict the speakers’ choice between the voice and word order alternations, with children’s choices related to structure alternations being similar to what is available in their input. The results thus suggest that input distributions provide many cues to the acquisition of the Tagalog voice system, making it eminently learnable despite its apparent complexity.