bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The significance of airport certification in the recovery process security of civil aviation of Ukraine
Authors: Chulinda Liudmyla , Korchova Halyna , Pochka Kostiantyn , Delembovskyi Maksym , Prystailo Mykola , Pochka Olha
Published: November 2024

The main goal of this study is the need to solve the problems of safe and effective development of airport infrastructure, since the implementation of effective international and European standards, transformation and modernization of airport infrastructure is one of the directions of Ukraine’s work in the process of implementing international and European standards, as well as in the development of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The authors used the method of analysis of the global reporting format to find out the requirements of the acts of international and European civil aviation organizations in the conditions of restoring the safety of civil aviation of Ukraine, compliance with standards and recommended practices regarding the certification of airport activities. Paths are defined recovery infrastructure of Ukrainian airports after the cessation of Russian military aggression, which caused horrible destruction, in particular, in the airport industry, the requirements for accreditation of airports, existing facilities on the territory of the airport were analyzed. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the authors carried out a thorough analysis of the requirements of international and European civil aviation organizations for airport activity, directions for certification of airports after the end of the war, which would contribute to the economic development of the state. The experience of Ukraine’s cooperation with international and European civil aviation organizations in the field of airport certification should contribute to the restoration of state’s capabilities for the safety of civil aviation flights.
Magnetic Field Evolution of the Solar Active Region 13664
Authors: Jarolim Robert , Veronig Astrid M. , Purkhart Stefan , Zhang Peijin , Rempel Matthias
Published: November 2024

On 2024 May 10–11, the strongest geomagnetic storm since 2003 November occurred, with a peak Dst index of −412 nT. The storm was caused by NOAA active region (AR) 13664, which was the source of a large number of coronal mass ejections and flares, including 12 X-class flares. Starting from about May 7, AR 13664 showed a steep increase in its size and (free) magnetic energy, along with increased flare activity. In this study, we perform 3D magnetic field extrapolations with the NF2 nonlinear force-free code based on physics-informed neural networks (R. Jarolim et al.). In addition, we introduce the computation of the vector potential to achieve divergence-free solutions. We extrapolate vector magnetograms from the Solar Dynamics Observatory’s Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager at the full 12 minute cadence from 2024 May 5 00:00 to 11 04:36 UT, in order to understand the AR’s magnetic evolution and the large eruptions it produced. A decrease in the calculated relative free magnetic energy can be related to solar flares in ∼90% of the cases, and all considered X-class flares are reflected by a decrease in the relative free magnetic energy. Regions of enhanced free magnetic energy and depleted magnetic energy between the start and end times of major X-class flares show spatial alignment with brightness increases in extreme-ultraviolet observations. We provide a detailed analysis of the X3.9-class flare on May 10, where we show that the interaction between separated magnetic domains is directly linked to major flaring events. With this study, we provide a comprehensive data set of the magnetic evolution of AR 13664 and make it publicly available for further analysis.
Updated Cosmological Constraints in Extended Parameter Space with Planck PR4, DESI Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, and Supernovae: Dynamical Dark Energy, Neutrino Masses, Lensing Anomaly, and the Hubble Tension
Authors: Roy Choudhury Shouvik , Okumura Teppei
Published: November 2024

We present updated constraints on cosmological parameters in a 12-parameter model, extending the standard six-parameter ΛCDM by including dynamical dark energy (DE; w
0, w

a
), the sum of neutrino masses (∑m

ν
), the effective number of non-photon radiation species (N
eff), the lensing amplitude scaling (A
lens), and the running of the scalar spectral index (α

s
). For cosmic wave background (CMB) data, we use the Planck Public Release (PR) 4 (2020) HiLLiPoP and LoLLiPoP likelihoods, Planck PR4+Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR6 lensing, and Planck 2018 low-ℓ TT likelihoods, along with DESI DR1 baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and Pantheon+ and DESY5 uncalibrated Type Ia supernovae (SNe) likelihoods. Key findings are the following: (i) Contrary to DESI results, CMB+BAO+Pantheon+ data include a cosmological constant within 2σ, while CMB+BAO+DESY5 excludes it at over 2σ, indicating the dynamical nature of DE is not yet robust. Potential systematics in the DESY5 sample may drive this exclusion. (ii) Some data combinations show a 1σ+ detection of nonzero ∑m

ν
, indicating possible future detection. We also provide a robust upper bound of ∑m

ν
≲ 0.3 eV (95% confidence limit (CL)). (iii) With CMB+BAO+SNe, A
lens = 1 is included at 2σ (albeit not at 1σ), indicating no significant lensing anomaly in this extended cosmology with Planck PR4 likelihoods. (iv) The Hubble tension persists at 3.2 to 3.9σ, suggesting these simple extensions do not resolve it. (v) The S
8 tension with Dark Energy Survey Year 3 weak lensing is reduced to 1.4σ, likely due to additional parameters and the Planck PR4 likelihoods.
CEERS Key Paper. IX. Identifying Galaxy Mergers in CEERS NIRCam Images Using Random Forests and Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Rose Caitlin , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Snyder Gregory F. , Huertas-Company Marc , Yung L. Y. Aaron , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Bagley Micaela B. , Bisigello Laura , Calabrò Antonello , Cleri Nikko J. , Dickinson Mark , Ferguson Henry C. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Fontana Adriano , Grazian Andrea , Grogin Norman A. , Holwerda Benne W. , Iyer Kartheik G. , Kewley Lisa J. , Kirkpatrick Allison , Kocevski Dale D. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Lotz Jennifer M. , Lucas Ray A. , Napolitano Lorenzo , Papovich Casey , Pentericci Laura , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Pirzkal Nor , Ravindranath Swara , Somerville Rachel S. , Straughn Amber N. , Trump Jonathan R. , Wilkins Stephen M. , Yang Guang
Published: November 2024

A crucial yet challenging task in galaxy evolution studies is the identification of distant merging galaxies, a task that suffers from a variety of issues ranging from telescope sensitivities and limitations to the inherently chaotic morphologies of young galaxies. In this paper, we use random forests and convolutional neural networks to identify high-redshift JWST Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey (CEERS) galaxy mergers. We train these algorithms on simulated 3 < z < 5 CEERS galaxies created from the IllustrisTNG subhalo morphologies and the Santa Cruz SAM light cone. We apply our models to observed CEERS galaxies at 3 < z < 5. We find that our models correctly classify ∼60%–70% of simulated merging and nonmerging galaxies; better performance on the merger class comes at the expense of misclassifying more nonmergers. We could achieve more accurate classifications, as well as test for a dependency on physical parameters such as gas fraction, mass ratio, and relative orbits, by curating larger training sets. When applied to real CEERS galaxies using visual classifications as ground truth, the random forests correctly classified 40%–60% of mergers and nonmergers at 3 < z < 4 but tended to classify most objects as nonmergers at 4 < z < 5 (misclassifying ∼70% of visually classified mergers). On the other hand, the CNNs tended to classify most objects as mergers across all redshifts (misclassifying 80%–90% of visually classified nonmergers). We investigate what features the models find most useful, as well as the characteristics of false positives and false negatives, and also calculate merger rates derived from the identifications made by the models.
Direct Measurements of Synchrotron-emitting Electrons at Near-Sun Shocks
Authors: Jebaraj I. C. , Agapitov O. V. , Gedalin M. , Vuorinen L. , Miceli M. , Cohen C. M. S. , Voshchepynets A. , Kouloumvakos A. , Dresing N. , Marmyleva A. , Krasnoselskikh V. , Balikhin M. , Mitchell J. G. , Labrador A. W. , Wijsen N. , Palmerio E. , Colomban L. , Pomoell J. , Kilpua E. K. J. , Pulupa M. , Mozer F. S. , Raouafi N. E. , McComas D. J. , Bale S. D. , Vainio R.
Published: November 2024

In this study, we present the first-ever direct measurements of synchrotron-emitting heliospheric traveling shocks, intercepted by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) during its close encounters. Given that much of our understanding of powerful astrophysical shocks is derived from synchrotron radiation, these observations by PSP provide an unprecedented opportunity to explore how shocks accelerate relativistic electrons and the conditions under which they emit radiation. The probe’s unparalleled capabilities to measure both electromagnetic fields and energetic particles with high precision in the near-Sun environment has allowed us to directly correlate the distribution of relativistic electrons with the resulting photon emissions. Our findings reveal that strong quasi-parallel shocks emit radiation at significantly higher intensities than quasi-perpendicular shocks due to the efficient acceleration of ultrarelativistic electrons. These experimental results are consistent with theory and recent observations of supernova remnant shocks and advance our understanding of shock physics across diverse space environments.
A threefold plant specialist – distribution, habitat requirements and nesting biology of the rare leafcutter bee Megachile genalis in the eastern Swiss Alps (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)
Authors: Müller Andreas , Weibel Urs , Lenz Regina
Published: November 2024

The leafcutter bee Megachile genalis Morawitz, which nests in thick, erect and usually hollow plant stems, is rare and endangered throughout Europe. In Switzerland, it was recorded only six times in the Grisons between 1932 and 2019. In order to create the necessary basis for the conservation of this rare bee, its distribution, habitat requirements and nesting biology were investigated in the eastern Swiss Alps by systematically searching for its nests, by DNA metabarcoding of the cell-building material, by analysing the pollen contained in abandoned brood cells and larval faeces, and by deducing aspects of the species’ nesting biology from collected old nests. A total of 141 new and 64 old nests were discovered at elevations between 600 m and 1270 m in – with decreasing frequency – the Albula Valley, the Lower Engadine, the Domleschg and the Ruinaulta. The nests were exclusively built in living stems of Peucedanum verticillare (Apiaceae), an up to 2–3 m tall umbellifer that grew on fallow land, road and railway embankments, scree slopes, ruderal areas and forest clearings. The leaf fragments used by the females of M. genalis to construct the brood cells in 20 selected nests were largely from shrubs and trees of the Rosaceae (e.g. Rosa, Rubus, Prunus, Sorbus), rarely also from Corylus (Betulaceae). The pollen in 65 brood cells was exclusively collected on thistles (e.g. Arctium, Carduus, Cirsium) and other Asteraceae. The nests were characterised by a surprisingly high variability in their architecture. They consisted of i) an approximately 6 mm x 9 mm large nest opening gnawed by the female bee at a height of 22–217 cm above ground with her mandibles, which are well adapted to penetrate the hard stem walls due to their enlarged base indicating strong adductor muscles and the short and chisel-like shape; ii) a 5–25 mm thick nest plug built 1.5–45 cm below the nest opening from pith particles, leaf fragments and/or grass fibers; iii) 1–14 brood cells usually arranged in one cigar-like series and lying 11–99 cm below the nest opening; and iv) a facultative 4–40 mm thick basal plug consisting of pith particles and/or leaf fragments. Brood mortality was high: at least 56% of 284 brood cells were unsuccessful due to parasites, mould or unknown reasons, and reproduction completely failed in almost half of 46 nests. The most harmful brood parasite was Melittobia acasta Walker (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), which infested 19% of the brood cells and 28% of the nests. Measures to conserve the population of M. genalis in the eastern Swiss Alps should focus on the conservation and propagation of suitable habitats for P. verticillare in close vicinity to Asteraceae-rich areas and on the promotion of thistles.
Identification of two new species of Mecistocephalus (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Mecistocephalidae) from southern China and the re-description of Mecistocephalus smithii Pocock, 1895
Authors: Pan Yang-Yang , Fan Jia-Bo , You Chun-Xue , Jiang Chao
Published: November 2024

Mecistocephalus Newport, 1843 is the most diverse genus in the family Mecistocephalidae; however, only two species have been recorded in mainland China to date. Therefore, taxonomic research on Chinese Mecistocephalus needs further research. In this study, the species diversity of Mecistocephalus in southern China was investigated using the mitochondrial marker COI integrated with morphological evidence. Species delimitation using Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery, Poisson Tree Processes, and phylogenetic and morphological analyses revealed ten species, including two newly described species, M. chuensis Jiang & You, sp. nov. and M. huangi Jiang & You, sp. nov. Furthermore, based on newly collected specimens, the presence of the little-known species M. smithii Pocock, 1895 was confirmed in China and thoroughly re-described.
American Football-associated Whiplash Maculopathy Presenting With Bilateral Bacillary Detachments: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Delaney Adrienne , Downes Rachel A. , Mammo Danny A.
Published: November 2024

Ocular trauma is a rare cause of bacillary layer detachments (BALAD). A case report was evaluated and a literature review was performed. A 15-year-old boy presented with bilateral scotomas after a routine American football tackle and was found to have bilateral BALADs. Inflammatory and infectious causes of BALAD were excluded, and he was diagnosed with whiplash maculopathy. Without intervention, the patient's visual acuity and macular anatomy rapidly improved. Novel indocyanine green angiography findings of this condition are reported. Bacillary detachments resulting from whiplash injuries generally resolve spontaneously with good visual outcomes. Even when other sequelae of trauma are not obvious, the presence of BALAD should prompt a targeted history around recent trauma including sports-associated whiplash injuries. Patients with thicker choroids may be at increased risk of posterior segment sequalae from whiplash injury and choroidal status should be commented on in future reports.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2025;56:113–115.]
Registros más occidentales de Gonatodes albogularis fuscus (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) en Honduras y comentarios sobre su taxonomía y conservación
Authors: Antúnez-Fonseca Cristopher A. , Suazo-Ortega Oscar R. , Salguero-Sánchez Alejandro J. , Martínez Marcio
Published: November 2024

Gonatodes albogularis fuscus (Hallowell, 1855) is known mainly from the lowlands from Chiapas in Mexico to western Venezuela and Colombia and in several Caribbean islands. In Honduras it has been reported from the center, south, east and north, however there are no reports from the west of the country. We document this species for the first time in the departments of Comayagua and Intibucá in the center-west and comment on its distribution in Honduras. In addition, we suggest the need to reassess the taxonomy of subspecies of G. albogularis and comment about conservation problems derived from competition and predation by feral and invasive species and habitat modification.
Le prince qui aimait les cartes
Authors: Chassagnette Axelle
Published: November 2024

Cet ouvrage, richement illustré, étudie un corpus particulièrement riche de documents (notamment cartographiques) produits par et pour le prince électeur de Saxe, Auguste Ier (1553-1586). Mettant en œuvre des approches empruntées à l’histoire matérielle et intellectuelle des savoirs et à la tradition des cultures visuelles, il étudie la représentation de l’espace et des territoires à la Renaissance. Ce faisant, il interroge les relations qu’entretenaient au début de l’époque moderne en Europe l’exercice du pouvoir, la perception des espaces et des territoires proches et lointains, et leur figuration par des médias visuels.
L’informatique : un bastion masculin… mais égalitaire ? Logiques et modalités de la féminisation des filières et des métiers de l’informatique
Authors: Flécher Marion
Published: November 2024

Alors que les femmes sont encore largement minoritaires au sein des filières et des métiers de l’informatique, cet article rend compte des logiques et des modalités de la féminisation encore lente et relative des filières et des métiers de l’informatique. Il s’intéresse pour cela aux profils et aux trajectoires des rares femmes qui s’orientent hors des sentiers du genre pour étudier ou travailler dans l’informatique. L’analyse des parcours scolaires et des trajectoires d’insertion professionnelle des hommes et des femmes diplômé·es d’informatique fait tout d’abord ressortir que l’obtention d’un haut diplôme en informatique constitue une porte d’entrée plutôt égalitaire sur le marché du travail, permettant aux femmes d’accéder à des postes stables, élevés et mieux rémunérés qu’en moyenne. Cependant, seuls les hommes les plus diplômés semblent parvenir à se pérenniser dans cette voie, trois ans après leur sortie du système scolaire. Près de la moitié des femmes diplômées en informatique quittent ce secteur dans les premières années de leur insertion professionnelle, sans toujours parvenir à rentabiliser leur diplôme en dehors des métiers et des secteurs cibles. Pour autant, une part importante de femmes qui occupent des positions de cadres dans le secteur sont issues de formations non scientifiques. S’il ne semble pas parvenir à retenir les femmes ingénieures, ce secteur semble ainsi offrir des opportunités de carrières à des femmes capables d’endosser des fonctions d’encadrement et de management.
Introduction. Héritage et impact : La muséologie latino-américaine et caribéenne aujourd'hui
Authors: Menezes de Carvalho Luciana , Gelmini de Faria Ana Carolina
Published: November 2024

Ce numéro des ISS est le résultat d’une sélection de travaux liés au thème proposé par l’ICOFOM pour son 46e symposium annuel, qui s’est tenu dans la ville de Recife (Pernambuco, Brésil), du 6 au 10 novembre 2023, en collaboration avec le 31e Symposium Annuel de l’ICOFOM LAC (Amérique latine et Caraïbes). Le thème, intitulé « L’héritage et l’impact de la muséologie latino-américaine et caribéenne », a été proposé par notre collègue Elizabeth Weiser dans le but de « commémorer et célébrer cette longue tradition tout en examinant l’héritage théorique et l’impact des histoires de la muséologie latino-américaine et caribéenne » (ICOFOM, 2023).
Tracing (de)colonial imaginaries through personal archiving: A decolonial methodology tool
Authors: Carvalho Sofia Alexandre
Published: November 2024

This article stems from a research internship I undertook in São Paulo, Brazil, as part of my doctoral project. As a white Portuguese woman researching the relationship between museum narratives and racism in Portuguese society, this internship forced me to confront my own colonial/racist imaginary. This confrontation was prompted and documented by a personal archive, used as a methodological tool to decolonise both research and researcher. This article presents the process of creating this personal archive and its decolonising effects on the research so other researchers can assess the relevance of this decolonising methodology and possibly reproduce and expand on it.
O legado e o impacto da museologia latino-americana e caribenha
Authors: Moraes Monção Vinicius de
Published: November 2024

The opening address to the joint symposia of ICOFOM and ICOFOM-LAC in Recife, Brazil, November 6 – 10, 2023, was presented by Vinicius de Moraes Monção, the local organizer. We reprint his address here in its original Portuguese with an English translation following.
« Le “point zéro” de la tragédie grecque » Entretien avec le professeur Watanabe Moriaki sur sa mise en scène des tragédies Agamemnon d’Eschyle (1972) et Médée de Sénèque (1975)
Authors: Pierre Maxime
Published: November 2024

Cet entretien réalisé avec le professeur Watanabe Moriaki revient sur sa mise en scène avant-gardiste de l’Agamemnon d’Eschyle et de la Médée de Sénèque en 1972 et 1975 avec la compagnie de la Mei no Kai (« Société des Ténèbres »). Caractérisées par la rupture avec le théâtre de tradition occidentale (shingeki), ces deux mises en scène introduisent une forme inédite de jeu. En confrontant les techniques des acteurs traditionnels de nôgaku aux audaces de l’avant-garde, Watanabe ouvre la voie aux mises en scène novatrices de Suzuki Tadashi, Ninagawa Yukio ou Miyagi Satoshi aux xxe et xxie siècles.
César et son double. Le métier d’archéologue au risque de l’exposition
Authors: Sagnes Sylvie
Published: November 2024

Présentée au Musée départemental de l’Arles antique, l’exposition César, le Rhône pour mémoire, 20 ans de fouilles dans le fleuve à Arles, s’est avérée l’une des vitrines majeures de l’archéologie antique de la décennie passée. L’ambition, double, était de donner à comprendre, outre l’histoire antique d’Arles, le métier d’archéologue. Focalisé sur une découverte, un buste de César dont l’exceptionnalité, controversée, tiendrait au fait qu’il aurait été sculpté du vivant du Dictateur, le propos a également été centré sur un archéologue, Luc Long, revisitant tout en les confortant les poncifs de l’archéologue-aventurier, corollaire d’une archéologie-trésor. Tous les acteurs de l’exposition ne se sont cependant pas retrouvés dans cet affichage réducteur, ce qui a donné lieu à des médiations parallèles, compensatoires ou correctrices, telle l’exposition « off », confiée à l’artiste Mark Dion. Dépliant toutes ces manières, plus ou moins divergentes, de raconter l’Arles antique et sa redécouverte, l’analyse s’emploie à mettre en évidence les imaginaires qui en résultent.
Tuberculosis management and referral practices among traditional medicine practitioners in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adepoju Victor A. , Oladimeji Olanrewaju , Sibiya Maureen N. , Inegbeboh Jude , Egesemba Ginika
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Despite the potential role of Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) and Traditional Healers (THs), little is known about their knowledge of tuberculosis (TB) management and referral practices in Nigeria. Objective: To determine knowledge and self-reported practices of traditional birth attendants and traditional healers in managing TB in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 120 THs and TBAs in three high TB burden Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Lagos, Nigeria. Data were collected between April 2018 to September 2018 through interviewer-administered questionnaires. We used Statistical Package for Social Sciences software for data analyses. Independent predictors of being TBA or TH were determined using logistic regression at the statistical significance of P0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Results: TB knowledge increased from 52.7% pre-test to 61.7% post-test and did not differ between TBAs and THs. Of the 120 Traditional Medical Practitioners studied, 70% (84) never treated TB; 57.3 % (69) ever referred chronic cough patients to a health facility; 90% (108) were willing to collaborate with National Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Buruli Ulcer Control Programme (NTBLCP), 85% (102) attached monetary and token incentive as a condition for the collaboration. THs had decreased odds of ever referring TB patient to the hospital (AOR: 0.3, 95% CI:0.14-0.64, P=0.002); currently referring TB patients (AOR: 0.06, 95% CI:0.02-0.17, P0.0001) and consulting 40 patients in a year (AOR: 0.22,95% CI:0.09-0.53, P0.0001). Conclusion: Majority of the THs and TBAs were willing to collaborate with NTBLCP in the identification and referral of Presumptive TB patients. We suggest that NTBLCP empowers the TBAs and THs to help with an early referral of TB patients.
High immunity and low mortality after Omicron and mass event in Cameroon despite low vaccination
Authors: Boum II Yap , Matchim Lucrece , Guimsop Dominique K. , Buri Bongkiyung D. , Bebell Lisa M. , Jaudel Yuya S.F. , Njuwa Fai K.G. , Danirla Daniel B. , Youm Eric , Ntone Rodrigue , Tchame Claudric Roosevelt , Tchiasso Dora , Essaka Rachelle , Eyong Justin B. , Ngosso Audrey , Nanda Herwin , Fondze Nsaibirni R. , Ndifon Mark Ndifon , Eteki Lucrèce , Ghislain Yonta F.C. , Eyenga Messi Bruno Yannick , Moustapha Hamadou , Hamdja Moustafa , Essomba René Ghislain , Mandeng Nadia , Modeste Tamakloe A.K. , Bisseck Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kani , Eyangoh Sara Irène , Njouom Richard , Okomo Marie Claire , Esso Linda , Emilienne Epee , Mballa Georges-Alain Etoundi
Published: November 2024

Background: Little is known about the evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity in African communities.Aim: We evaluated changes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, mortality and vaccination status in Cameroon between August 2021 and September 2022 to begin describing the evolution of the pandemic in Africa.Setting: The study was conducted across Cameroon’s 10 regional capitals, between 2021 and 2022 as the country hosted a mass gathering.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional population-based survey in 2022, including SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence testing and retrospective mortality estimation using two-stage cluster sampling. We estimated and compared seroprevalence and crude mortality rates (CMR) to a survey conducted in 2021 using the same methodology.Results: We performed serologic testing on 8400 individuals and collected mortality data from 22 314 individuals. Approximately 5% in each survey reported SARS-CoV-2-vaccination. Rapid diagnostic test-based seroprevalence increased from 11.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10–12.5) to 59.8% (95% CI: 58.3–61.2) between 2021 and 2022, despite no increase in the proportion vaccinated. The CMR decreased from 0.17 to 0.06 deaths per 10 000 persons per day between 2021 and 2022. In 2022, no deaths were reportedly attributable to COVID-19 as compared to 17 deaths in 2021.Conclusion: Over a 12-month period encompassing two waves of omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 and a mass gathering, SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in Cameroon approached 60%, and deaths declined despite low vaccination coverage.Contribution: This study challenges the assumption that high immunisation coverage is the sole determinant of epidemic control in the African context and encourages policymakers to increasingly rely on local research when designing response strategies for more effective outbreak management.
Perceptions of the implementation of credit rating agency regulation in South Africa
Authors: Rabinowitz David , Surty Mahmood I. , Mohamed Waheeda , Maroun Warren
Published: November 2024

Background: Credit rating agencies (CRA) played a key role in the global financial crises of 2007/2008 which led to the introduction of CRA regulation.Aim: Using Giddens’ theory of modernity as a framework, this article analyses experts’ perceptions of the implementation of the CRA regulation in South Africa.Setting: This article focussed on experts’ perceptions of CRA regulation in South Africa.Method: This qualitative article was conducted using detailed interviews with South African experts in the investing and credit rating industries. Interviews were conducted in 2013 and 2023. An interpretive approach was adopted to analyse the data into themes, providing insight into the perceptions relating to the introduction of CRA regulation in South Africa.Results: While the introduction of CRA regulation in South Africa is a mechanism used to legitimise the capital system and encourage foreign investment, its applicability, considering the size of the country’s CRA market, is contentious. Credit rating agencies’ current business model is prone to conflicts of interest and no viable alternatives are available. Consequently, investors need to exercise judgement over their investment decisions instead of outsourcing their due diligence requirements to CRA without careful consideration.Conclusion: Credit rating agencies’ regulation in South Africa has further cemented CRA’s position in financial markets in line with global trends in this industry.Contribution: This article will allow policymakers, market participants and researchers to understand the perceptions of the CRA regulation in South Africa from a social constructivist perspective.
Impact of human resource practice on work engagement and turnover intention in information technology companies
Authors: Salunkhe Harshal A. , Jain Deshana , Hinge Punamkumar , Boralkar Mohit
Published: November 2024

Orientation: The information technology (IT) sector, a global economic driver, faces high employee turnover because of low work engagement. This study examines the relationship between human resource management (HRM) practices and their impact on work engagement and turnover intention (TI) in IT companies.Research purpose: The primary purpose of this research article is to investigate how HRM practices influence employee work engagement and TI in the IT sector.Motivation for the study: This study is motivated by the need to address this critical issue by exploring the role of HRM practices in shaping employee engagement and TI.Research approach/design and method: The research data came from 10 IT organisations in Pune IT parks. Non-probability convenience sampling was used to collect data. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Moment Structure Analysis to evaluate the hypotheses.Main findings: The study found that HRM practices such as effective communication (EC), training satisfaction (TS), performance appraisal satisfaction (PAS), pay satisfaction (PS) and opportunities for development (OFD) positively influence work engagement among IT employees. Addressing these HRM practices can enhance employee retention and engagement in the IT sector.Practical/managerial implications: Implementing these strategies can lead to a more committed and productive workforce, improving overall organisational performance and retention.Contribution/value-add: This research offers actionable recommendations for IT companies to improve employee retention and engagement, filling a gap in existing literature by focussing exclusively on the unique challenges and dynamics of the IT industry.
Prokhanov’s missiology: A forerunner to Bosch’s Emerging Paradigm
Authors: Knoetze Johannes J. , Lazuta Dzmitry
Published: November 2024

This article examines the hypothesis proposed by missiologist Johannes Reimer that Ivan Prokhanov, the founder of the missionary movement in Russia in the early 20th century, anticipated and, to some extent, embodied the emerging missional paradigm articulated by David Bosch in 1991, approximately 60–70 years later. The article argues that Reimer’s intuition was largely correct, as Prokhanov significantly aligned with at least 9 of the 13 elements identified by Bosch. Furthermore, it suggests that the correlation between the views of Prokhanov and Bosch can be explained by their shared epistemological orientation towards the New Testament missional paradigm, particularly the paradigm of Matthew, Luke and Paul, as described by Bosch.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: According to this hypothesis, Bosch’s analysis of the historical development of missional theology traces the deviation from the apostolic paradigm established by these New Testament authors, with the emerging missional paradigm representing a partial return to that original framework. For Prokhanov, New Testament missiology was the foundational basis of his mission theology.
Perceptions of Pharmacy Students Toward Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacy
Authors: Saeed Ali Awadallah , Al Zamel Ahmad Mohammad , Dafallah Arwa Sami , Fagir Anfal Said Eldeen , Idris Basil Alzebair , Youseef Doaa Abubakr , Saeed Tasabeeh bashir , Idris Walaa Ahmed , Hamid Azza
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

The advancement of community and clinical pharmacy services relies on the ongoing enhancement of patient care, and artificial intelligence (AI) can be a pivotal factor in this progression. Despite the growing use of AI in different areas of pharmacy, there is less awareness among pharmacy students toward this technology.

Material and Methods:

This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A total of 100 pharmacy students from Sudan participated in the study. Data were collected through an online electronic questionnaire. The data collected included information about sociodemographics: knowledge toward AI, attitude toward AI, and satisfaction of students with the use of AI in their pharmacy practice.

Results:

More than two-thirds of the participants (70%) heard about AI, half of them (52%) did not know any application of AI in pharmacy, and 61% of participants were not taught about AI in medical school. On the other hand, 60% of participants did not know the application of AI in pharmacy, whereas 20% stated it can be applied to help in marketing, communications, dispensing, and manufacturing of drugs, more than half of the participants (54%) they thought that the use of AI in pharmacy is good, but that does not replace the role of the pharmacist in the field of pharmacy. There is a statistically significant association between the name of the university and the satisfaction of students with the use of AI in their pharmacy practice (P = 0.003).

Conclusion:

AI entails the amalgamation of human expertise and resources with AI. As research on AI progresses, with numerous intriguing applications currently underway, some may perceive it as a necessary malevolence, even among those who view it as an adversary. Comprehensive knowledge and familiarity with AI are indispensable in all areas of pharmacy practice. Pharmacy students should receive instruction in the fundamental principles of data science and the basics of AI as part of their study, namely through a health informatics program.
A mysterious case of infantile wheeze
Authors: Naz Akhila , Kailas Lalitha , Dhanya Saran Arakkal Gangasaran
Published: November 2024

Tracheomalacia is a condition characterized by increased collapsibility of the trachea due to abnormalities of tracheal cartilage. It has varied presentations starting from minor expiratory stridor and wheezing to acute life-threatening episodes. This varied presentation leads to delays in diagnosis and management. Tracheomalacia presenting with wheezing would not benefit from nebulized beta-agonists or inhaled corticosteroids, the use of which may worsen the condition. Hence early recognition of the condition can ensure better symptom management and improve quality of life in such patients. Here, we present a case of wheezing, not responding to inhaled beta-agonists and steroids, and later diagnosed with tracheomalacia.
A Review of Prediction Techniques used in the Stock Market
Authors: Sadasivan Praveen , Singh Ravinder
Published: November 2024

The prediction of stock market movements is a critical task for investors, financial analysts, and researchers. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the field of stock prediction, driven by the integration of machine learning and data analysis techniques. Though stock market predictions are highly desired, there are many factors contributing towards volatility of the market. There is a need for extensive study and concentration on various predictive techniques to investigate different scenarios triggering such volatility. This paper reviews the latest methodologies employed for predicting stock prices, with a particular focus on the Australian stock market. Key techniques such as time series analysis like ARIMA & GARCH, machine learning models like SVM, LSTM & Neural Network, and sentiment analysis are discussed, highlighting their applications, key strengths, and some limitations.
On Greenberg–Benois
$\mathcal {L}$
-invariants and Fontaine–Mazur
$\mathcal {L}$
-invariants
Authors: Wu Ju-Feng
Published: November 2024

We prove a comparison theorem between Greenberg–Benois
$\mathcal {L}$
-invariants and Fontaine–Mazur
$\mathcal {L}$
-invariants. Such a comparison theorem supplies an affirmative answer to a speculation of Besser–de Shalit.
2023–2024 Reviewers
Authors: Xu Peijun
Published: November 2024

2023–2024 Reviewers
Analyzing Multilingual French and Russian Text using NLTK, spaCy, and Stanza
Authors: Goodale Ian
Published: November 2024

This lesson covers tokenization, part-of-speech tagging, and lemmatization, as well as automatic language detection, for non-English and multilingual text. You’ll learn how to use the Python packages NLTK, spaCy, and Stanza to analyze a multilingual Russian and French text.
Content of vol. 27, 2024, Journal Scientific and Applied Research
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bulgaria, Boyanov Petar
Published: November 2024

Content of vol. 27, 2024, Journal Scientific and Applied Research
INVESTIGATING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN INVESTMENT INTENTIONS AND LAND STATUS
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bulgaria, Atanasova Simona , Kirilova Krasimira ,   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bulgaria
Published: November 2024

The subject of investigating the connection between investment intentions and land status is analyzing the main procedures for preparation, approval and implementation of development plans with the objective of changing the purpose designation of agricultural land into urbanized territory. By using a project for a Detailed Development Plans – Plan for Regulation and Construction, an examination is performed of the processes related to the preparation and coordination of the plan, including the change of purpose designation of the agricultural land into land for non-agricultural uses, in accordance with the legislation.
MAP OF THE EARTH MASSES - ROLE IN THE INVESTMENT PROJECT
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bulgaria, Ivanov Ivan
Published: November 2024

Map of the earth masses shows the essence of the vertical planning project by visualizing the anticipated displacement of the land masses within the boundaries of the property. It is the official document through which the designer can determine the amount of land masses for the purpose of their valuation [5]. The article examines the role of the cartogram and modern practices regarding its creation and use in the investment process.
ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTOMOTIVE MASS AIR FLOW SENSORS
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bulgaria, Trifonov Tihomir , Hadjiivanov Hristo ,   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bulgaria
Published: November 2024

An analysis of the characteristics of automotive mass air flow sensors is made. A test system has been developed to study the sensors. The measurement data is processed with MATLAB using curve fitting.
EXAMINATION OF THE SAMPLE PROPERTIES MADE BY THE ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   University of Slavonski Brod, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Slavonski Brod, Croatia, Karakašić Mirko
Published: November 2024

In the paper is presented an examination of the mechanical properties of the samples made of polymer materials Polylactic Acid (PLA) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS). Specimens of the first and second series, were made with 100 % PLA filling and 100 % ABS filling. The third series of specimens was made with 100 % filling from PLA material and 20 % filling from ABS material. The specimens were made according to ISO 527 – 2: 1993 and tested in a tensile test. Samples with the highest proportion of PLA material had the highest average maximum force value compared to samples made of 100 % ABS filling. Samples made with different filling ratios of PLA and ABS materials gave worse results than expected. The reasons for the poor expected result should be sought in the additional optimization of printing parameters, as well as a larger number of specimens with varying proportions of PLA and ABS materials.
FREE VIBRATION ANALYSYS OF A BEAM RESTING ON WINKLER ELASTIC FOUNDATION THROUGH THE SUMUDU TRANSFORM METHOD
Authors:   University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Sofia, Bulgaria, Lilkova-Markova Svetlana , Lolov Dimitar ,   University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2024

In the article are determined the free vibration characteristics of a beam lying on a Winkler elastic foundation. This well-known problem is solved by employing the Sumudu transform method to convert the fourth-order partial differential equation for the beam’s natural vibrations into an algebraic equation. The solution assumes that the beam’s free vibrations are harmonic. The obtained results are compared with those obtained using the finite element method.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL FOR ASSESSING VIBRATION RISK LEVELS IN HYDROPOWER PLANT TECHNICAL SYSTEMS
Authors:   High school ", Jurić Slobodan ,   CEPS-Center for Business Studies",   Kiseljak, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Prvulović Slavica ,   University of Novi Sad, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia, Tolmac Jasna ,   University of Novi Sad, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia, Josimović Ljubiša ,   College of Textile Engineering, Leskovac, Serbia, Šarenac Uroš ,   University of Novi Sad, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia, Josimović Miloš ,   University of Novi Sad, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on the level of vibrations in technical systems, risk models, and the reduction of both vibrations and associated risks. The research subject includes hydropower plant facilities, which are strategically significant for the power industry, hold substantial investment value, and consequently are crucial for the state. Vibration diagnostics methods will help predict potential issues, thereby reducing risk levels and maintenance costs, which is very important, and increase the efficiency of the technical system. Vibration issues are addressed through measurement, calculation, and frequency analysis of time functions. Measurement allows for experimental determination of all necessary quantities to be compared with calculation results. Often, it is simpler to measure vibrations than the parameters required for specific calculations. For these reasons, and due to other advantages of measurement (simplicity, monitoring, and analysis of system status, etc.), vibration measurement is a common experimental task for determining risk levels.
THE ROLE OF COOLANT IN THE ENERGY BALANCE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Authors:   Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek, Osijek, Croatia, Marković Juraj , Glavaš Hrvoje ,   University of Slavonski Brod, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Slavonski Brod, Croatia, Barić Tomislav ,   Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek, Osijek, Croatia, Desnica Eleonora ,   University of Novi Sad, Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, Serbia
Published: November 2024

Coolant in the energy balance of an internal combustion engine is a key fluid and often overlooked component that plays a crucial role in maintaining optimal performance and durability of an internal combustion engine due to its ability to absorb excess heat generated by fuel combustion. The aim of the paper is to present the energy balance of an internal combustion car with an emphasis on the role of the coolant. The paper presents the testing of the properties the coolant in real conditions. The results of measurements using the two most commonly used methods, Refractometer and Hydrometer with float, were compared with theoretical expectations.
HEALING PRACTICE OF THE RUSSIANS OF THE SOUTHERN URALS: THE TECHNIQUE OF «TRANSFERRING» AN AILMENT FROM A PERSON TO OTHER OBJECTS
Authors: Galieva Farida G.
Published: November 2024

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the folk medicine of the Russian population residing in the Southern Urals (Ufa province) is one of the poorly studied but most important layers of ethnic culture, in which continuity of ethnic traditions, the dynamics of worldview and religious identity are clearly manifested.

The purpose of the study is to identify the method of «transmitting» the disease from a person to a living or inanimate object in the healing practice of the Russians of the Southern Urals.

Materials and methods. The object of this study is the Russian peasant population of the Southern Urals, formed in the XVI–XX centuries from the natives of the northern, central, southern and Western European governorates of Russia. The chronological framework of the study is from the end of the XIX to the middle of the XX century, when ethnic traditions were still preserved. The sources were the author’s field materials and information on folk medicine of the Russians of the Southern Urals in published and handwritten works of R.G. Ignatiev, D.K. Zelenin, M.V. Kolesnikov, A.I. Kiikov, N.P. Kolpakova, B.G. Akhmetshin, Yu.G. Dinikeeva. Research methods: contrast of previously published and handwritten field materials on folk medicine of the Russians of the Southern Urals, comparison with other peoples and regions.

Research results. The «transfer» of the disease was carried out with the help of certain magical actions, as well as incantations and prayers. The objects of the ailments «transfer» were domestic animals (cats, dogs, chickens, roosters, goslings), as well as fish (pike), trees (birch), fire, stove smoke. Domestic animals were certainly turned to in the case of infants treating, allegedly because of violation of the prohibition for pregnant women to kick pets. «Leveling» some diseases with symptoms of redness (measles, rubella, erysipelas, stubble of the newborns) was achieved by using a red cloth. The actions performed during the treatment were associated with shaking the child, lifting him up and taking him aside, repeating the shape of the Orthodox cross, delineating the sore spot, wrapping (the trunk of a tree with the patient’s belt), spraying water through a burning splinter (in sores on the face).

Conclusions. The ways of getting rid of ailments by «transferring» to other objects in the Southern Urals by Russian settlers were passed down from generation to generation until the middle of the XX century, the period of preserving traditional viewpoints about their causes (violation of prohibitions and, as a result, penetration of harmful entities into a person). The ways of treatment are associated with the attributes of peasant life and characterize the religious syncretism of Russian peasants.