bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peace, Self‐Determination and Reckoning with the Past: A Reply to Butt, Lippert‐Rasmussen, Pasternak, Wellman and Stemplowska
Authors: Fabre Cécile
Published: June 2018

In this article, I offer responses to five commentaries on my recently published book, Cosmopolitan Peace. Those articles address my conception of individual and collective agency, my account of self‐determination (and its implication for the problem of annexation during and after the war), and my accounts of, respectively, reparations and remembrance after war. I revise or provide further defences of those accounts in the light of my commentators’ probing remarks.
The perceptual and chemical bases of egg discrimination in communally nesting greater anis Crotophaga major
Authors: Hauber Mark E. , Dainson Miri , Baldassarre Daniel T. , Hossain Marouf , Holford Mande , Riehl Christina
Published: June 2018

The eggshells of communally breeding greater anis Crotophaga major consist of a blue‐green pigmented calcite matrix overlaid by a chalky white layer of vaterite, both of which are polymorphs of calcium carbonate. The white vaterite layer is intact in freshly laid eggs and may function in protecting the eggs from mechanical damage, but it also abrades during incubation to reveal the blue calcite shell underneath. Previous research has shown that this color change serves a visual signaling function: nesting greater anis can discriminate between eggs that are freshly laid and those that have already been incubated, which allows them to reject asynchronous eggs laid by extra‐group parasites. Here we use avian visual modeling and pigment extraction to assess the perceptual and chemical bases of such egg recognition. We found that there was no overlap between the avian perceptual space occupied by ani eggshells with and without vaterite, and that vaterite lacked both of the pigments found in the eggshell's calcite matrix, bililverdin and protoporphyrin. The visual contrast between the unpigmented vaterite and the blue‐pigmented calcite appears to pre‐date the evolution of the signaling function, since the related guira cuckoo Guira guira, also a communal breeder, lays similarly structured and pigmented eggs but does not use the visual contrast as a signal to detect parasitism.
Life‐history trade‐offs promote the evolution of dioecy
Authors: Dorken Marcel E. , Van Drunen Wendy E.
Published: June 2018

Most dioecious plants are perennial and subject to trade‐offs between sexual reproduction and vegetative performance. However, these broader life‐history trade‐offs have not usually been incorporated into theoretical analyses of the evolution of separate sexes. One such analysis has indicated that hermaphroditism is favoured over unisexuality when female and male sex functions involve the allocation of nonoverlapping types of resources to each sex function (e.g. allocations of carbon to female function vs. allocations of nitrogen to male function). However, some dioecious plants appear to conform to this pattern of resource allocation, with different resource types allocated to female vs. male sex functions. Using an evolutionarily stable strategy approach, we show that life‐history trade‐offs between sexual reproduction and vegetative performance enable the evolution of unisexual phenotypes even when there are no direct resource‐based trade‐offs between female and male sex functions. This result might help explain the preponderance of perennial life histories among dioecious plants and why many dioecious plants with annual life histories have indeterminate growth with ongoing trade‐offs between sexual reproduction and vegetative growth.
The efficacy of curcumin in managing acute inflammation pain on the post‐surgical removal of impacted third molars patients: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Maulina T. , Diana H. , Cahyanto A. , Amaliya A.
Published: June 2018

Curcumin is a turmeric‐contained active ingredient that has been proven to be effective in treating pain and inflammation due to its analgesic as well as anti‐inflammation potential. Odontectomy, on the other hand, has been well known for its post‐procedure acute inflammation pain. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of curcuminoid in treating acute inflammation post‐operative pain in the post‐surgical removal of impacted third molars patients. Ninety (44 males; 46 females) participants were recruited in this randomised controlled trial and randomly assigned to the control group (those who consumed mefenamic acid) or the experimental group (those who consumed curcumin).Numeric rating scale(NRS) was used as an evaluation tool to evaluate the intensity of the pain experienced by the participants. Pain evaluation was performed immediately after anaesthesia effect disappeared (T0) and an hour after participant took their first (T1), second (T2) and third (T3) course of drugs. All data were collected and analysed using Wilcoxon‐Mann‐Whitney test. The current study showed that participants in both groups experienced significantly (P < .01) less pain compared to their initial pain level. In addition, when the two groups were compared, it was revealed that those in the treatment group experienced even significantly (P < .01) less pain compared to those in the control group. It can be concluded that curcumin is effective in treating acute inflammation pain in the post‐surgical removal of impacted third molars patients.
Imaging sublingual microcirculatory perfusion in pediatric patients receiving procedural sedation with propofol: A pilot study
Authors: Riedijk Maaike A. , Milstein Dan M. J.
Published: June 2018

Objective

Procedural sedation with propofol is widely used in the pediatric population. A well‐known side effect of propofol is a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance resulting in hypotension, but little is known about the effects on microcirculation in humans. We aimed to evaluate the effects of propofol on the sublingual microcirculatory perfusion by continuous video imaging in pediatric patients undergoing procedural sedation.

Methods

Patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit for procedural sedation were recruited. Oral microcirculation was measured employing a continuous monitoring strategy with incident dark‐field illumination imaging. Measurements were obtained before and 3 minutes after propofol induction. Total and perfused vessel densities, proportion of perfused vessels, microvascular flow index, blood vessel diameter (Øbv), and systemic hemodynamics were analyzed.

Results

Continuous measurements were achieved in seven patients. Three minutes after propofol induction mean arterial pressure decreased (P = 0.028) and total and perfused vessel densities increased by 12% (P = 0.018) and 16% (P = 0.018), respectively. MFI was unaltered and mean Øbv increased but not significantly.

Conclusions

Propofol induction induces a reduction in mean arterial pressure and a rise in sublingual microvascular perfusion. The observed effects of propofol on the sublingual microcirculation may be due to a decrease in microvascular resistance.
IL‐6, TNF–α levels and periodontal status changes during the menstrual cycle
Authors: Sahin Aydınyurt Hacer , Yuncu Yusuf Ziya , Tekin Yasin , Ertugrul Abdullah Seckin
Published: June 2018

Objectives

Sex steroid hormones are thought to affect periodontal tissues. A clear understanding of the effect of the menstrual cycle on oral tissues would be an important milestone in the timing of dental interventions in the future. The aim of this longitudinal, prospective study was to evaluate clinical periodontal parameters and levels of interleukin‐6 IL‐6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during the menstrual cycle.

Methods

Forty‐five patients were included in this study. Clinical periodontal parameters and levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐α were evaluated at three points of the menstrual cycle: menstruation day MD, ovulation day (OD) and premenstruation day (PmD). Levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐α were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

There were no statistically significant changes in plaque indexes or probing depths during the menstrual cycle (p > 0.006) The differences between OD and PmD for gingival index and bleeding on probing were significant (OD>MD) (p < 0.006). Statistically significant differences in TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels in the GCF were observed during the menstrual cycle (PmD>OD>MD) (p < 0.006).

Conclusions

Periodontal tissues did not exhibit evident changes, but this study demonstrated that the menstrual cycle affected the periodontium and induced inflammatory situations during the menstrual cycle.
Abscisic acid catabolism enhances dormancy release of grapevine buds
Authors: Zheng Chuanlin , Acheampong Atiako Kwame , Shi Zhaowan , Mugzech Amichay , Halaly‐Basha Tamar , Shaya Felix , Sun Yufei , Colova Violeta , Mosquna Assaf , Ophir Ron , Galbraith David W. , Or Etti
Published: June 2018

The molecular mechanism regulating dormancy release in grapevine buds is as yet unclear. It was formerly proposed that dormancy is maintained by abscisic acid (ABA)‐mediated repression of bud–meristem activity and that removal of this repression triggers dormancy release. It was also proposed that such removal of repression may be achieved via natural or artificial up‐regulation of VvA8H‐CYP707A4, which encodes ABA 8′‐hydroxylase, and is the most highly expressed paralog in grapevine buds.

The current study further examines these assumptions, and its experiments reveal that (a) hypoxia and ethylene, stimuli of bud dormancy release, enhance expression of VvA8H‐CYP707A4 within grape buds, (b) the VvA8H‐CYP707A4 protein accumulates during the natural transition to the dormancy release stage, and (c) transgenic vines overexpressing VvA8H‐CYP707A4 exhibit increased ABA catabolism and significant enhancement of bud break in controlled and natural environments and longer basal summer laterals.

The results suggest that VvA8H‐CYP707A4 functions as an ABA degrading enzyme, and are consistent with a model in which the VvA8H‐CYP707A4 level in the bud is up‐regulated by natural and artificial bud break stimuli, which leads to increased ABA degradation capacity, removal of endogenous ABA‐mediated repression, and enhanced regrowth. Interestingly, it also hints at sharing of regulatory steps between latent and lateral bud outgrowth.
Pretransplant increases in left ventricular volume and mass are associated with QT prolongation during pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Cho Hyun‐Seok , Kim Wook‐Jong , Lee Byungdoo Andrew , Cho Junki , Shin Won‐Jung , Hwang Gyu‐Sam
Published: June 2018

Structural alterations in the cirrhotic heart may contribute to electromechanical abnormalities, represented by QT prolongation. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in QTc according to the operative stage during pediatric LT and to identify which baseline echocardiographic parameters were associated with intraoperative QTc prolongation. Data were evaluated from 39 children undergoing LT for chronic liver disease (median age 9 months). In 19 patients (48.7%), baseline QTc was prolonged ≥440 ms (462 ± 19 ms). Through the period of post‐reperfusion, QTI, QTc, and JTI progressively increased, although values partially recovered toward the end of surgery. High LVMI (≥82.51 g/m2) was associated with baseline QTc ≥ 440 ms (OR = 1.034, P = .032). In the 5 minutes post‐reperfusion stage, marked QTc prolongation (defined as QTc ≥ 500 ms; n = 24, 61.5%) was significantly associated with high EDVI (OR = 1.060, P = .027) and SVI (OR = 1.075, P = .026). In children with chronic liver disease, increased ventricular volumes and mass may increase the risk of QTc prolongation during LT, suggesting that repolarization abnormalities might be contributed by structural changes characteristic of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy.
Potential of efficient and resistant plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria in lead uptake and plant defence stimulation in Lathyrus sativus under lead stress
Authors: Abdelkrim S. , Jebara S. H. , Saadani O. , Jebara M.
Published: June 2018

The ability of plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to enhance Lathyrus sativus tolerance to lead (Pb) stress was investigated.

Ten consortia formed by mixing four efficient and Pb‐resistant PGPR strains were assessed for their beneficial effect in improving Pb (0.5 mM) uptake and in inducing the host defence system of L. sativus under hydroponic conditions based on various physiological and biochemical parameters.

Lead stress significantly decreased shoot (SDW) and root (RDW) dry weight, but PGPR inoculation improved both dry weights, with highest increases in SDW and RDW of plants inoculated with I5 (R. leguminosarum (M5) + P. fluorescens (K23) + Luteibacter sp. + Variovorax sp.) and I9 (R. leguminosarum (M5) + Variovorax sp. + Luteibacter sp. + S. meliloti) by 151% and 94%, respectively. Additionally, inoculation significantly enhanced both chlorophyll and soluble sugar content, mainly in I5 inoculated leaves by 238% and 71%, respectively, despite the fact that Pb decreased these parameters. We also found that PGPR inoculation helps to reduce oxidative damage and enhances antioxidant enzyme activity, phenolic compound biosynthesis, carotenoids and proline content. PGPR inoculation increased Pb uptake in L. sativus, with highest increase in shoots of plants inoculated with I5 and I7, and in roots and nodules of plants inoculated with I1. Moreover, PGPR inoculation enhanced mineral homeostasis for Ca, Cu and Zn under Pb stress, mainly in plants inoculated with I1, I5, I7 and I9.

Results of our study suggest the potential of efficient and Pb‐resistant PGPR in alleviating harmful effects of metal stress via activation of various defence mechanisms and enhancing Pb uptake that promotes tolerance of L. sativus to Pb stress.
Long‐term cadmium exposure influences the abundance of proteins that impact the cell wall structure in Medicago sativa stems
Authors: Gutsch A. , Keunen E. , Guerriero G. , Renaut J. , Cuypers A. , Hausman J.‐F. , Sergeant K.
Published: June 2018

Cadmium (Cd) is a non‐essential, toxic heavy metal that poses serious threats to both ecosystems and human health. Plants employ various cellular and molecular mechanisms to minimise the impact of Cd toxicity and cell walls function as a defensive barrier during Cd exposure.

In this study, we adopted a quantitative gel‐based proteomic approach (two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis) to investigate changes in the abundance of cell wall and soluble proteins in stems of Medicago sativa L. upon long‐term exposure to Cd (10 mg·Cd·kg−1 soil as CdSO4). Obtained protein data were complemented with targeted gene expression analyses.

Plants were affected by Cd exposure at an early growth stage but seemed to recover at a more mature stage as no difference in biomass was observed. The accumulation of Cd was highest in roots followed by stems and leaves. Quantitative proteomics revealed a changed abundance for 179 cell wall proteins and 30 proteins in the soluble fraction upon long‐term Cd exposure. These proteins are involved in cell wall remodelling, defence response, carbohydrate metabolism and promotion of the lignification process.

The data indicate that Cd exposure alters the cell wall proteome and underline the role of cell wall proteins in defence against Cd stress. The identified proteins are linked to alterations in cell wall structure and lignification process in stems of M. sativa, underpinning the function of the cell wall as an effective barrier against Cd stress.
Easy Words: Reference Resolution in a Malevolent Referent World
Authors: Gleitman Lila R. , Trueswell John C.
Published: June 2018

This article describes early stages in the acquisition of a first vocabulary by infants and young children. It distinguishes two major stages, the first of which operates by a stand‐alone word‐to‐world pairing procedure and the second of which, using the evidence so acquired, builds a domain‐specific syntax‐sensitive structure‐to‐world pairing procedure. As we show, the first stage of learning is slow, restricted in character, and to some extent errorful, whereas the second procedure is determinative, rapid, and essentially errorless. Our central claim here is that the early, referentially based learning procedure succeeds at all because it is reined in by attention‐focusing properties of word‐to‐world timing and related indicants of referential intent.
Dynamic Responses of a Four-Span Continuous Plate Structure Subjected to Moving Cars With Time-Varying Speeds
Authors: Yang Jing , Ouyang Huajiang , Stancioiu Dan , Cao Shancheng , He Xuhui
Published: June 2018

This paper presents an experimental and theoretical study of vibration of a four-span continuous plate with two rails on top and four extra supports excited by one or two moving model cars, which is meant to represent vehicle–track–bridge dynamic interaction. Measured natural frequencies of the plate structure are used to update the finite element (FE) model of the structure. Four laser displacement transducers are placed on the ground to measure the displacements of the plate. A laser-Doppler vibrometer is used to measure the real-time speed of the moving cars, which reveals that the speeds decrease with time at a small and almost constant deceleration which can affect the structural dynamic response. A fascinating experiment is the use of two cars connected in series, which is very rare and has never been done on a multispan structure. Vibration of the plate structure excited by two moving cars separated at a distance is also measured and exhibits interesting dynamic behavior too. A theoretical model of the whole structure is constructed and an iterative method is developed to determine the dynamic response. The numerical and the experimental results are found to agree very well, in particular when deceleration is considered in the theoretical model.
Drivers and strategies for avoiding overuse. A cross-sectional study to explore the experience of Spanish primary care providers handling uncertainty and patients’ requests
Authors: Mira José Joaquín , Carrillo Irene , Silvestre Carmen , Pérez-Pérez Pastora , Nebot Cristina , Olivera Guadalupe , González de Dios Javier , Aranaz Andrés Jesús María
Published: June 2018

Objectives

Identify the sources of overuse from the point of view of the Spanish primary care professionals, and analyse the frequency of overuse due to pressure from patients in addition to the responses when professionals face these demands.

Design

A cross-sectional study.

Setting

Primary care in Spain.

Participants

A non-randomised sample of 2201 providers (general practitioners, paediatricians and nurses) was recruited during the survey.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The frequency, causes and responsibility for overuse, the frequency that patients demand unnecessary tests or procedures, the profile of the most demanding patients, and arguments for dissuading the patient.

Results

In all, 936 general practitioners, 682 paediatricians and 286 nurses replied (response rate 18.6%). Patient requests (67%) and defensive medicine (40%) were the most cited causes of overuse. Five hundred and twenty-two (27%) received requests from their patients almost every day for unnecessary tests or procedures, and 132 (7%) recognised granting the requests. The lack of time in consultation, and information about new medical advances and treatments that patients could find on printed and digital media, contributed to the professional’s inability to adequately counter this pressure by patients. Clinical safety (49.9%) and evidence (39.4%) were the arguments that dissuaded patients from their requests the most. Cost savings was not a convincing argument (6.8%), above all for paediatricians (4.3%). General practitioners resisted more pressure from their patients (x2=88.8, P<0.001, percentage difference (PD)=17.0), while nurses admitted to carrying out more unnecessary procedures (x2=175.7, P<0.001, PD=12.3).

Conclusion

Satisfying the patient and patient uncertainty about what should be done and defensive medicine practices explains some of the frequent causes of overuse. Safety arguments are useful to dissuade patients from their requests.
An international qualitative study exploring patients’ experiences of cutaneous leishmaniasis: study set-up and protocol
Authors: Erber Astrid Christine , Arana Byron , Bennis Issam , Ben Salah Afif , Boukthir Aicha , Castro Noriega Maria del Mar , Cissé Mamoudou , Cota Gláucia Fernandes , Handjani Farhad , Kebede Mairie Guizaw , Lang Trudie , López Carvajal Liliana , Marsh Kevin , Martinez Medina Dalila , Plugge Emma , Olliaro Piero
Published: June 2018

Introduction

Lack of investments in drug development, lack of standardisation of clinical trials and the complexity of disease presentations contribute to the current lack of effective, safe and adapted treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). One aspect concerns outcomes affecting patients’ quality of life (QoL): these are hardly assessed in trials, despite potential functional and/or aesthetic impairment caused by CL, which typically affects disadvantaged and vulnerable people living in rural areas. Here, we describe the approach used to bring perspectives of patients with CL into designing and assessing treatments.

Methods and analysis

This international qualitative study uses interviews with patients to explore their experiences with CL to (1) elicit outcomes and eligibility criteria for clinical trials important to them and (2) to better understand their needs and views about the disease and their requirements and expectations from treatment. Here, we describe the set-up of this collaborative study and the protocol. Data collection is ongoing.

The protocol includes study design, preparation, conduct and analysis of individual interviews with approximately 80 patients in seven countries (Burkina Faso, Brazil, two sites in Colombia, Iran, Morocco, Peru and Tunisia) where CL is prevalent. Principal investigators and sites were selected through an open call, and two workshops were organised for protocol development and training in conduct and analysis of qualitative health research. Patient recruitment aims at covering a maximum variation of experiences. Transcripts will be analysed to identify outcomes and eligibility criteria as well as further topics that are expected to emerge from the interviews, such as direct and indirect costs related to CL, its psychological impact, preferred modes of drug administration and traditional treatments.

Ethics and dissemination

The study received ethical approval by the responsible committees of each of the participating institutions. Findings will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals, scientific meetings and to participants and their communities.
Republished: Delayed ischemic stroke due to stent marker band occlusion after stent-assisted coiling
Authors: Kawabata Shuhei , Imamura Hirotoshi , Suzuki Keita , Tani Shoichi , Adachi Hidemitsu , Sakai Nobuyuki
Published: June 2018

A middle-aged patient with an internal carotid-posterior communicating artery aneurysm and basilar artery tip aneurysm was treated by stent-assisted coiling. One ischemic infarction and two transient ischemic attacks occurred with the same symptoms (inability to walk unassisted and tendency to fall to the left) during the first 2 years post-treatment. The ischemic infarction was found in the right side of the pons, consistent with the vascular territory of the stent-containing vessel. The cause of the delayed ischemic stroke was investigated on DSA and cone beam CT, which revealed that the proximal end of the stent, one marker band, was just covering a small perforating artery of the basilar artery trunk. The present case suggests that marker band occlusion can induce delayed ischemic stroke. To prevent this complication, it is important to evaluate the perforating vessels preoperatively and carefully deploy a stent for the marker band to avoid occlusion of large perforating vessels. Post-treatment evaluation is also important because dual antiplatelet therapy will be required for a longer period if an artery is occluded by a marker band.
Analysis of Research on Nurses’ Job Stress Using Network Analysis
Authors: Kim Young-Su , Lee Soo-Kyoung
Published: June 2018

This study established a network related to nurses’ job stress by conducting a social network analysis of titles, keywords, and abstracts, and it identified emerging topics of research. NetMiner 4.0 visualized an interconnection between critical keywords and investigated their frequency of appearance to construe the trends in nurses’ job stress measures used in studies conducted over 55 years (1960-2015). Text Rank Analyzer examined a collection of 9,218 keywords from 2,662 studies. The analysis revealed four groups of newly emerging keywords in the research. The following five clusters were identified: concept, subject, method and tool, outcome and response, and solution and management. Thus, if new researchers refer to existing trends to establish the subject of their study, replication studies can be reduced, and the direction of the development of future research on nurses’ job stress can be predicted. Further application of new interventions, development of objective indicators, working environment, and broader participants are needed.
Servicemen’s Perceptions of Male Sexual Assault and Barriers to Reporting During Active Component and Reserve/National Guard Military Service
Authors: Sadler Anne G. , Cheney Ann M. , Mengeling Michelle A. , Booth Brenda M. , Torner James C. , Young Lance Brendan
Published: June 2018

Despite growing recognition of the high rates of sexual violence experienced by men serving in the U.S. military, male victimization, specifically sexual assault in military (SAIM), is an understudied topic. We qualitatively describe servicemen’s awareness and perceptions of male SAIM, and their understanding of common barriers to servicemen reporting sexual assault. Participants included Midwestern Active Component and Reserve and National Guard servicemen, actively serving or Veteran, who had returned from Iraq or Afghanistan deployments during Operation Enduring/Iraqi Freedom eras. Eleven focus groups were held with 34 servicemen (20 Reserve/National Guard and 14 Active Component). Qualitative analyses used inductive and deductive techniques. Servicemen reported a lack of awareness of male SAIM, a tendency to blame or marginalize male victims, and substantial barriers to reporting sexual assault. Reserve/National Guard participants emphasized barriers such as a perception of greater stigma due to their unique status as citizen-soldiers, an ethos of unit conformity and leadership modeling, and a lack of confidence in leadership and the SAIM reporting process. In contrast, Active Component servicemen emphasized the deployment location and sex of victim and perpetrator as key reporting barriers. Findings make an important contribution to the scant literature on risk and protective factors for male SAIM and servicemen’s perceptions of sexual violence and assault reporting barriers by their service type and location. This work has implications for routine screening for sexual violence experiences of male service members and Veterans. Providers’ knowledge of gender stereotypes regarding sexual assault, assault risks and experiences of deployed servicemen, and potential barriers to SAIM disclosure is vital for patient-centered care delivery. Additional research to address factors that influence post-SAIM care engagement of males is indicated.
Musikalische Praxis als Lebensform
Authors: Houben Eva-Maria
Published: June 2018

Wie wirklich ist musikalische Praxis und was hat sie mit dem alltäglichen Leben zu tun? Eva-Maria Houben zeigt, dass sich das Musizieren verändert, sobald dessen Sinn nicht in der zweckorientierten Produktion von Arbeitsergebnissen, sondern im Musizieren als Beschäftigung und um des Spielens willen gefunden wird. Musikalische Praxis ist prinzipiell unabgeschlossen. So bleibt das Tun auf Wiederholung ausgerichtet und befreit von Perfektion, Produktivität, Zweckgebundenheit. Sinn wird in der jeweiligen Situation, am spezifischen Ort, im Beziehungsgeschehen selbst erlebt. Musikalische Praxis kann so zur »Lebensform« und dabei eine eigene Wirklichkeit werden.
Digitale Zugabe: Virtualisierung, Live Coding und neue Schnittstellen
Authors: Kastrup Dennis
Published: June 2018

Roboter spielen Instrumente. Algorithmen dirigieren, indem der Quelltext musikalische Befehle ausführt. Hologramme ersetzen Musiker. Prothesen ermöglichen das Schlagzeug-Spielen mit einer dritten Hand. Und beim Live Coding wird der Computer in Echtzeit auf der Bühne mit Algorithmen gefüttert. Wie werden diese Methoden das Konzert verändern und welche Möglichkeiten wird es in Zukunft geben? Einige Beispiele illustrieren diese technologisch augmentierten Aufführungspraxen. Die Sammlung hat nicht den Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit, vielmehr soll sie den Blick dafür öffnen, in welchen Bereichen sich diese Innovationen abspielen.
Eine schwierige Verbindung
Authors: Iwer Frank
Published: June 2018

Die Automobilindustrie ist die Schlüssel industrie der deutschen Wirtschaft. Nicht nur deswegenkommt ihr im Rahmen der Verkehrswende die zentrale Bedeutung zu. Wie kann die Wendezu einer neuen Kultur der Mobilität gelingen?
Voronovskaja’s theorem for functions with exponential growth
Authors: Tachev Gancho , Gupta Vijay , Aral Ali
Published: June 2018

In the present paper we establish a general form of Voronovskaja’s theorem for functions defined on an unbounded interval and having exponential growth.
The case of approximation by linear combinations is also considered. Applications are given for some Szász–Mirakyan and Baskakov-type operators.
Feasibility of a transition intervention aimed at adolescents with chronic illness
Authors: Hanghøj Signe , Boisen Kirsten A. , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Hølge-Hazelton Bibi
Published: June 2018

Background:

International guidelines recommend planned and structured transition programmes for adolescents with chronic illness because inadequate transition may lead to poor disease control and risk of lacking outpatient follow-up.

Objective:

To investigate the feasibility of a transition intervention aimed at adolescents with chronic illness focusing on declines, drop-outs, no-shows and advantages and disadvantages of participating.

Methods:

We invited 236 adolescents (12–20 years) with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) to participate in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) transition intervention. Reasons for decline and drop-outs were calculated. Adolescents’ experiences of advantages and disadvantages of participating and reasons for no-shows were investigated through focus groups and telephone interviews, which were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results:

One hundred and twenty of the 236 eligible patients declined to participate in the intervention and 20% dropped out during the intervention. Unspecified declines and practical issues were the most common reason to decline, and ‘do not wish to continue’ was the most common reason to drop-out. Reasons for no-shows were forgetting and being too busy. Advantages of participating were stated as ‘participating without parents’, ‘trust and confidentiality’, ‘being able to set the agenda’ and ‘responsiveness’. Disadvantages were ‘unclear aim of the study’, ‘meeting others with JIA’, ‘too few conversations’ and ‘transport issues’.

Conclusions:

Many adolescents had difficulties understanding the aim of the intervention. However, most participants appreciated the conversations about identity as well as the trust and confidentiality in the communication. In the future, adolescents should be offered more individually organised programmes according to their preferences and needs in cooperation with parents and health care providers.
Immaturity in puberty and negative attitudes toward reproductive health among Indonesian adolescents
Authors: Susanto Tantut , Saito Ruka , Syahrul  , Kimura Rumiko , Tsuda Akiko , Tabuchi Noriko , Sugama Junko
Published: June 2018

Background:

Complex factors influence adolescents’ attitudes. Secondary sexual development and emotional changes are markers of puberty and affect attitudes toward reproductive health (RH). This is especially evident in the society and culture of Indonesia. This study examined the presence of immaturity at puberty and factors associated with negative attitudes toward RH among Indonesian adolescents.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study with 1040 students (aged 11–16 years) selected using multistage random cluster sampling. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that included the illustrative questionnaire for interview surveys with young people and the pubertal development scale (PDS), modified in accordance with the Indonesian context. Data analysis used descriptive and comparative statistics and logistic regression analyses.

Results:

Immature pubertal development was higher in boys [22.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 14.7%–30.7%] than girls (18.4%, 95% CI: 11%–25.7%). However, negative attitudes were higher in girls (40.6%, 95% CI: 34.3%–46.8%) than boys (37.1%, 95% CI: 29.9%–44.7%). Factors associated with negative attitudes toward RH in both boys and girls were age, RH communication with parents, and pubertal development. Smoking was an additional factor in boys, whereas living in an urban area was an additional factor in girls. High knowledge about RH was associated with less negative attitudes toward RH in both boys and girls.

Conclusion:

Immaturity and factors that influence negative attitudes toward RH should be explored during puberty. Improving knowledge about RH may help to prevent negative attitudes toward RH, especially for girls in urban areas and boys with smoking habits.
A Contest of Payment Contracts: A Structural Approach on How Chinese Firms Coped with Default Risk of Trade Credit
Authors: Watanabe Mariko
Published: June 2018

During the transition period from a planned economy to a market economy in the 1990s of China, there was a considerable accrual of deferred payment, and default due to inferior enforcement institutions. This is a very common phenomenon in the transition economies at that time. The Chinese government attempted in vain to deal with this problem by legislation of related institutions and administrative control. Interviews with home electronics appliance firms revealed that firms were able to cope with this problem by adjusting their sales mechanisms (found four types), and the benefit of institutions was limited. A theoretical analysis here found that spot and integration are inferior to the two contract mechanisms in terms of cost and price: a contract with a rebate on volume and prepayment against an exclusive agent can realize the lowest cost and price, and maximize social welfare. Hence, through Bertrand price competition, any of two contract mechanisms is selected to dominate the supply behavior. The empirical part showed that sales contract mechanisms employed by the brand gradually converged into the one with a rebate on volume an against exclusive agent, as it realized the lowest cost. A firm who initiated this mechanism gained the largest share in the market. The competition is the driving force of the convergence of mechanisms and improvement risk management capacity.
Poly (vinyl alcohol)/nano-diamond composite films and hydrogels prepared by gamma ray
Authors: Frounchi Masoud , Dadbin Susan , Haddadi Sara
Published: June 2018

Poly (vinyl alcohol) and nano-diamond, PVA/ND, hydrogels were prepared and assessed as prosthetic material suitable for replacement of the nucleus pulposus. The hydrogels were prepared by gamma irradiation at various doses (15 kGy, 25 kGy, 35 kGy, 45 kGy) and at various ND concentrations ranging from 0.25 wt.% to 3 wt.%. Extent of gelation, equilibrium water content, and viscoelastic properties of swelled hydrogels at definite water contents were measured and examined as a function of ND concentration as well as gamma dose. According to viscoelastic measurements, the strength of hydrogels increased considerably over that of pure PVA at a low concentration of ND. By increasing irradiation dose, gel percent and strength of hydrogels increased. Hydrogel water content was in a range of 80 wt.% to 90 wt.% similar to that of natural nucleus pulposus. The G″ values of hydrogels were much smaller than G′ values indicating elastic behavior. Also PVA/ND nanocomposite films were prepared at various ND concentrations by solution casting. The ND particles were uniformly distributed within PVA films. Tensile modulus and strength of the films increased over pure PVA.
Consumption of antimicrobials in the European Union and indications for their rational administration
Authors: Jaroszewski J.J.
Published: June 2018

Antimicrobials are essential for the medical care and health of animals and livestock populations. On the other hand it is generally accepted that the increase in prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide problem. Therefore, in many countries of the world, the consumption of antibiotics and the resistance of pathogens isolated from humans and animals are monitored. Collected data indicate the need to reduce antimicrobial use in humans and in food-producing animals. This goal can only be achieved if antimicrobials will be used rationally and in accordance with the latest knowledge.
Antibiotic resistance of lactis acid bacteria and the risk of its transmission with fermented dairy products
Authors: Slyvka I.M. , Tsisaryk O.Y. , Musiy L.Y.
Published: June 2018

Bacterial resistance to antimicrobials is a global health problem that affects not only on humane and veterinary medicine, but also on food products. The food chain can be by transmission of antibiotic resistance from bacterial populations to animals and humans. Literary data on the current state of the problem of antibiotic resistance of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in Ukraine and in the world are given in the review. Possible ways of transferring resistance to antibiotics through fermented dairy products are shown. The main aspects of the danger of transmission of antibiotic resistance genes through the LAB and fermented dairy products are revealed. The main modern approaches to the definition of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms with the use of classical and modern research methods are described. The article provides the main sources of information on the safety of use of LAB as starter cultures and probiotics for the production of fermented dairy products. The hypothesis of the resistance gene's reservoir suggests that LAB can be a reservoir of sustainability genes, and the subsequent transfer of such genes to pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes transposed horizontally is inadmissible for lactobacilli, which are used as commercial bacterial agents for the production of fermented dairy products. According to the literature data, the absence of acquired antimicrobial resistance has become an important criterion for assessing the safety of lactobacilli, which are used as starting cultures for the production of fermented dairy products or probiotics. It has been established that it is obligatory to study the antibiotic resistance gene in addition to clinical and laboratory methods of studying the antibiotic resistance of LAB. To minimize the formation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in food products of plant and animal origin it is possible by careful monitoring of residues of antibiotics in raw materials and finished products. This will prevent the entry of antibiotic resistant strains into the natural cycle.
A Functional linguistic approach to the study of simplified versions of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
Authors: Guowen Huang , Yumin Chen
Published: June 2018

There are a large number of well-known literary writings which have corresponding simplified or adapted versions in the market, mainly designed for different groups of readers, and Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is one of such writings. The paper attempts to conduct functional linguistic analyses of the beginning paragraphs of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and the corresponding simplified versions. It is found that the simplified versions are not necessarily shorter than the original in terms of the length of the passage and the number of words. The simplification of the original text is not merely concerned with the idea but also with the language expressions. It shows how linguistic analysis can help the reader to better understand the underlying meanings of such re-writings.
Leprosy serological diagnosis antibody elisa v1
Authors: S. Duthie Malcolm
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE To describe the protocol to be used for testing sera from patients. This method will measure an antibody response to Leprosy specific antigens. SCOPE This procedure applies to all patients sera collected from remote sites. RESPONSIBILITY The clinical immunology group is responsible for observing this protocol in support of various clinical trials.
Multilingualism and Language Maintenance in the East Timorese Diaspora in Portugal
Authors: Susana Alfonso Francesco Goglia &
Published: June 2018

The East Timorese linguistic repertoire is complex. It comprises Tetum and Portuguese (now both official languages in East Timor), Bahasa Indonesia and other local national languages. Moreover, different generations have different degrees of knowledge and use of these languages due to historical changes and resulting language policies in East Timor. In this article, we analyze multilingualism in the East Timorese community in Portugal using sociolinguistic questionnaires on language use, choice and attitudes. The result of our analysis shows that the East Timorese multilingual repertoire is re-shaped in the immigrant context in the following way: Tetum is the only East Timorese national language which is maintained and functions as an East Timorese identity marker. Informants have a positive attitude towards Portuguese, clearly identifying it as a High language. Furthermore, Bahasa Indonesia is still maintained to a certain degree in some domains.
Of Filth, Feces and Fornication: the Aesthetics of Abjection in Os Maias
Authors: Bishop-Sanchez Kathryn
Published: June 2018

This article provides an alternative reading of one of Eça’s most widely read and discussed texts, Os Maias, by challenging the common interpretation of the text as primarily about the incestuous relationship between the siblings Carlos and Maria Eduarda. Through a discussion of the aesthetics of abjection present throughout the novel, this study de- emphasizes the incest trope in order to examine Os Maias as a coherent text of abjection in which incest becomes part of a greater abject whole. Drawing from Julia Kristeva, this article discusses bodily abjection as a reaction to unwanted circumstances that are symptomatic of fin-de-siècle degeneracy.
Writing the Home: Charles Reis Felix’s Autobiography and its Negotiation of Domestic Place and Space
Authors: Ramos Villar Carmen
Published: June 2018

This essay explores how Charles Reis Felix’s autobiography, Through a Portagee Gate (2004), examines everyday practices within the Portuguese American domestic space. The analysis also explores the interaction of the domestic setting with elements outside of this space. In so doing, the essay examines how the description of the domestic space in Felix’s autobiography uncovers the unconscious construction, and negotiation, of place. Within this game of negotiating place, space, culture and identity, the essay explores how the domestic space in Felix’s autobiography represents a site where the daily interaction between the public and the private, and ultimately between societies, occurs. Exclusionary notions inherent within the ethnic discourse in the United States are highlighted by reading Felix’s text through the ethnic signs (Boelhower, Immigrant Autobiography) it generates. In so doing, the essay questions the validity and implications of taking a critical approach that centres on Felix’s autobiography being an ethnic text.
Das margens do império: raça, género e sexualidade em Recordações d’uma colonial (memórias da preta Fernanda)
Authors: Beleza Fernando
Published: June 2018

Este artigo analisa as representações de raça, género e sexualidade em Recordações d’uma colonial (memórias da preta Fernanda) (1912), de A. Totta e F. Machado, iluminando o processo através do qual tais categorias, em conjunto com a imaginação imperial portuguesa, se inter-relacionam na constituição do sujeito colonial feminino, Fernanda—uma cocote africana da boémia lisboeta da viragem do século XIX para o XX. A leitura destas memórias ficcionais, que ainda não tinham sido objeto da crítica pós-colonial, procura contribuir para a análise das relações entre a política e o imaginário coloniais portugueses, as configurações do Outro e os vários discursos sobre raça, género e sexualidade do início do século em Portugal. Este artigo argumenta ainda que é necessário ter em conta a categoria raça e a imaginação colonial portuguesa na forma como as identidades de género e sexuais normativas emergiram na modernidade portuguesa.
Local Thesis of Global Potential? How Machado de Assis Became a Classic of World Literature. Review of João Cézar de Castro Rocha. Machado de Assis: por uma poética da emulação
Authors: Gumbrecht Hans Ulrich
Published: June 2018

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McNee, Malcolm K. The Environmental Imaginary in Brazilian Poetry and Art
Authors: Cisneros Odile
Published: June 2018

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Filho natural e pai ausente: As colónias africanas no imaginário do império português em Os Maias
Authors: Soric Kristina
Published: June 2018

This article analyzes the role of Africa in José Maria de Eça de Queirós’s Os Maias (1888), despite what appears to be a lack of explicit African presence in the novel. By connecting the generations of Maia men with nineteenth-century Portuguese history, Os Maias presents the allegorical depiction of Portugal’s struggle for inclusion on the imperial stage after the loss of Brazil, as well as the empire’s subsequent turn to Africa as a potential solution. The novel likewise details the abstraction of the African colonies and their subjects within the Portuguese imaginary, in which Africa not only symbolizes the future of the empire and theoretically broadens the borders of the tiny nation, but also becomes the object of paternalistic attitudes that reinforce Portuguese claims to a place among the rest of the modern “civilizing” empires of Europe.
'O Chão é a Grande Pregunta': Non-Human Temporalities in Nuno Ramos
Authors: Giorgi Gabriel
Published: June 2018

This essay argues that Nuno Ramos’s installations and writings represent a decisive intervention in current aesthetic debates on temporality and the non-human. Working on the unstable terrain between the living and the dead, the organic and the inorganic, the fossilized and the spectral, Ramos’s work sheds light on scales and frames that challenge the anthropocentric sensorium of our critical habits. By focusing on writings included in Cujo (1993) and Essaio Geral (2007), the essay analyzes how the configuration of such critical perspective in Ramos’s work interrogates and reformulates the ways in which memory and the political interface there where the very notion of life—the bios that articulates the biopolitical—is at stake.
“A Flat Carnivalesque Intention of Being a Cannibal,” Or, How (not) to Read the Cannibal Manifesto
Authors: Madureira Luís
Published: June 2018

In this article, I propose that, in the face of the Manifesto antropófago’s inchoate endeavor to supersede a dominant narrative about the irresistible rise of modern rationality, the critic can either accept the terms of this attempted repudiation or reposition it within the very epistemological framework which that text seeks to displace. In accordance with this latter epistemic model, antropofagia cannot but appear contradictory. Yet the passages that seem paradoxical and nonsensical appear so only because their essential meaning cannot be fully grasped from this frame of reference. It is therefore the epistemological framework which informs our “re-readings” of the Manifesto—rather than a failure or banality intrinsic to the text—that produces what he or she may come to define as nonsense and paradox.