bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ordenamiento espacial de los pueblos de indios. Dominación y resistencia en la sociedad colonial
Authors: Herrera Ángel Martha
Published: May 2019

Entre los estudiosos de la historia colonial y aún de la republicana es común que la sola mención de la palabra resguardo se asocie con las tierras comunales de cultivo asignadas a las comunidades indígenas de la Nueva Granada durante el período colonial
Reinventing old power: state, tribute, and indians in Puno
Authors: Hunefeldt Christine
Published: May 2019

In 1824. toward the end of the Wars of Independence (1820-1825), Hiram Paulding, an English traveler reached Peru's Central Highlands. One ofhis stops was at the small town [villorio] of Gulcán, where he met its Gobernador and Alcalde.
Historia de una permanencia. Las élites de Santiago de Chile en el siglo XVIII: familia y poder local
Authors: Zuñiga Jean- Paul
Published: May 2019

Todo estudioso que se interese en la estructura social de las sociedades de la América española colonial, se ve rápidamente confrontado con la representación tradicional de los diversos elementos que la componían, representación en la que a cada grupo, en función de su adscripción "étnica", le correspondía un determinado lugar en la organización social colonial. Así, los Españoles -y sus descendientes criollos-constituían la cima de la pirámide social, dominando a todos los otros grupos, indios, mestizos, negros y mulatos.
Historia del no viaje: "desde la patria, al cielo" de Antonio de Trueba
Authors: Acosta Carmen Elisa
Published: May 2019

Es una constante la manera como se puede asociar a través de la historia, la literatura con su peligro. También son innumerables los casos en los que grupos autoritarios han desplegado su poder en contra de la producción escrita y han señalado la división entre lo permitido y lo prohibido, entre lo bueno y lo malo, queriendo evitar así los riesgos sociales de la lectura. A su vez, hace parte de la tradición de las diversas sociedades y comunidades, a través de la historia, el adjudicar un lugar a la literatura y permitir su permanente revisión, construyendo desde las instituciones uno o varios cánones en los que se ubican las obras que bien por su carácter estético o bien por su carácter ético, son consideradas como las seleccionadas para permanecer en su función literaria ante el público lector. Nuevamente, de esta manera se señala lo que se debe y lo que no se debe leer.
Sostenibilidad como estrategia de competitividad empresarial en sistemas de producción agropecuaria
Authors: Fonseca Carreño Nelson Enrique , Vega Baquero Zulma Yesenia
Published: May 2019

La producción agropecuaria exige la construcción de un modelo de desarrollo que involucre cambios de aspectos económico–productivos, sociales y ambientales. Este artículo evalúa la sostenibilidad como elemento estratégico de competitividad de los sistemas de producción campesina de la provincia del Sumapaz en Cundinamarca, Colombia. El objetivo es realizar una evaluación de sostenibilidad que permita: 1) identificar las características biofísicas y culturales de los productores agropecuarios y sus sistemas de producción, 2) valorar las prácticas agropecuarias y empresariales como herramientas para afrontar los cambios en los procesos de globalización de los mercados y adopción de nuevas formas de desarrollo empresarial, 3) identificar los factores culturales —sociales, económicos— que potencian, limitan o manifiestan la resiliencia de los sistemas de producción objeto de estudio. La descripción de las variables biofísicas y socioeconómicas se obtuvo de una revisión de fuentes secundarias y primarias: chequeos de campo, entrevistas, encuestas, visitas, observación, recorridos guiados y cartografía social. La muestra se obtuvo con base en los siguientes criterios: a) tamaño de las fincas (1-10 ha), b) fincas con más de tres vacas en ordeño, c) inventario presente de especies menores, d) producción agrícola permanente, e) accesibilidad a fuentes de agua y f) vías de comunicación. Se estudiaron veinte fincas, las cuales presentan índices positivos de sostenibilidad —entre 3.0 y 4.0—, lo que demuestra las condiciones socioeconómicas y productivas de los productores agropecuarios; donde diecisiete fincas (85 %) presentan colores que señalan posibilidad de mejoramiento y tres fincas (15%) presentan colores que señalan una alta resiliencia. Sin importar su tamaño, se concluye que las fincas tienen la capacidad de producir alimentos y un sistema de fuerzas de producción adaptado a las condiciones bioclimáticas y a las necesidades del mercado, es así, como se constituyen como elementos que involucran per se factores de productividad, rentabilidad y sostenibilidad al servicio de los agricultores y consumidores.
International Congresses on Transdisciplinarity: Their Importance for the Emergence of a Transdisciplinary Methodology
Authors: Nicolescu Basarab
Published: May 2019

In this interview, Professor Basarab Nicolescu reveals important historical aspects on the emergence of an international community of transdisciplinary researchers, evaluates the role of different transdisciplinary meetings during the period 1986- 2005, and analyzes the scientific and philosophical basis of the transdisciplinary methodology.
Mechatronic Platforms for Transdisciplinarity Learning
Authors: Maties Vistrian , Hancu Olimpiu , Rad Ciprian-Radu
Published: May 2019

This Chapter presents details related on the possibilities to use the educational potential of mechatronic platforms for transdisciplinarity learning. Mechatronics, the result of the integration of mechanics - electronics and information is a reach environment for active learning and understanding the basis of the integration process, complexity and the role of the information flow between transdisciplinary objects (levels of reality) and transdisciplinary subject (levels of perception). The mechatronic identity based on the concept of complexity is trans-thematic one. The basis of integronics as a science of the integration processes is outlined too.
Transdisciplinary Artful Doing in Spaces of Experimentation and Imagination
Authors: Dieleman Hans
Published: May 2019

This article links transdisciplinarity with reflective action and artful doing, as well as with the concept of spaces of experimentation and imagination. It argues that artful doing is a genuine transdisciplinary practice that is at once rooted in sensitivity, intuition as well as analytical rationality. It organically links analytical and feelings intelligence with the intelligence of the body. It goes on to show how artful doing can be studied, taught and practiced in spaces of experimentation and imagination. Such spaces invite to explore the world simultaneously on various levels of reality and through various activities such as analysis, introspection, dialogues of knowing, manipulating reality thus constructing alternative realities. The article analysis that working in such spaces implies hybridization of usually separated spheres as art, science, engineering, design, public policy, education, and more. Finally, the article focuses on implementing transdisciplinarity in universities and identifies 5 critical aspects in the implementation process.
Light, Lighting & Illumination in Transdisciplinar Meaning
Authors: Aviles Gustavo
Published: May 2019

This paper recovers self-observation as means to revalue the way that we conceive light and lighting, taking into account that not everything in light is about quantifiable electric energy and sheer self-indulgence. Light gains significance as an inspiration to enchant the survival of a collective dream; as light that returns to the master beam of trans-perception. It transcends as provocative, irreducible, unpredictable, impossible to measure, in a permanent state of dissatisfaction. Light is sustained in its feminine nature, in constant struggle between the effective and the affective, measured in the border of logics and intuition, light, gas, the space volume of trans-discipline
Synthesis, characterization, thermal, theoretical and antimicrobial studies of Schiff base ligand and its Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes
Authors: Venkittapuram Palaniswamy , Dhandapani Mahalakshmi , Suyambulingam Jonekirubavathy , Subramanian Chitra
Published: May 2019

A Schiff base ligand L was synthesized by condensation of 1,2-diaminoethane with creatinine. The reaction of the ligand with metal chloride salt gives Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes. The synthesized ligand and its metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR, UV?Vis, conductivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements as well as thermal analyses. Based on spectral data, tetrahedral geometries have been proposed for the Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes. The molar conductivity data show that the complexes are non-electrolytic in nature. In DFT studies, the geometry of the Schiff base ligand and its Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes were fully optimized using the B3LYP functional together with 6-31g(d,p) and LANL2DZ basis sets. The ligand and its metal complexes were tested against four bacterial species and two fungal species. The results revealed that the metal complexes are more potent against the microbes than the parent ligand.
Dinâmicas jurídicas emergentes na ordem econômica globalizada: A Autorregulação No Mercado De Capitais
Authors: Fleichman e Vianna Natalia Fleichman e Vicente Vianna
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar as mudanças e novos desafios enfrentados no processo de elaboração de normas jurídicas, gerados pela atual ordem econômica globalizada. Compreender como e por que formas não convencionais de controle normativo – em específico a autorregulação – emergem nos principais mercados adaptados ao fenômeno globalizatório. A abordagem escolhida possui viés interdisciplinar, compreendendo o campo jurídico, econômico e sociológico da questão. Para o desenvolvimento, o trabalho é segmentado em: 1) Contextualização histórica do fenômeno da globalização e seus desdobramentos jurídicos e econômicos; 2) Compreensão do conceito de autorregulação e sua conexão com a noção de Estado; 3) Características da autorregulação responsáveis por sua emergência na economia globalizada; 4) A autorregulação aplicada ao Mercado de Capitais; 5) Estudo de caso; 6) Considerações finais – pontos positivos e negativos da autorregulação e de sua relação com o Direito Estatal.
O projeto AVARC e o acolhimento de vítimas de crimes pelo ministério público
Authors: Santos Celeste Leite dos , Faloppa Fabiola Moran
Published: May 2019

O Projeto de Acolhimento de Vitimas, Análise e Resolução de Conflitos oferece às vítimas de crimes a oportunidade de escuta ativa dos fatos ocorridos, participação em conferências destinadas à reparação de traumas (STAR, VOC e outros), encaminhamento da documentação visando à fixação de danos mínimos pelos prejuízos causados pelo crime e informação adequada sobre o andamento do feito de que foi vítima.O vitimário também encontra guarida nesse modelo resolutivo de atuação ministerial, diante do fomento à autorresponsabilização pelo delito praticado, reparação do dano causado a vítima e comunidade atingida pelos efeitos do crime.O Ministério Público do Estado de São Paulo, por meio dessa estratégia de gestão da Promotoria de Justiça Criminal, propicia à vítima um ambiente acolhedor que busca impedir e combater os efeitos decorrentes da vitimização, especialmente nas modalidades secundária e terciária. Por meio do atendimento humanizado prestado às vítimas de crimes também é possível o mapeamento e controle externo das causas da vitimização relacionadas à atividade policial, propiciando o efetivo controle externo da atividade policial.A atuação ministerial resolutiva e proativa permite a indução de políticas públicas de combate à criminalidade, especialmente pelo controle externo difuso da atividade policial.
THE FUNCTION OF SWEARING IN DONALD TRUMP’S UTTERANCES DURING PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE IN 2016
Authors: Mahiroh Dedek , Meisuri Meisuri , Sinaga Lidiman Sahat Martua
Published: May 2019

The study deals with the function of swearing in Donaldtrump’sutterances during the presidentialdebate. In this study, the researcher focuses onthe typesand the functionsof swearing inDonald Trump’s utterances during the presidential debate.The research used the descriptive qualitative method.The data were taken from video’s transcript ofAmerica presidential debate in 2016. There were three video’s transcript used as the sample, they were first presidential debate broadcasted on September 26th,2016, second presidential debate broadcasted on October 9th, 2016 and third presidential debate broadcasted on October 19th, 2016.Based on the analysis of data, the findings said that there were five types of swearing in Donald Trump’s utterances during a presidential debate in 2016 namely politic term, religious matter, death term, animal term, and sex or copulative term.However, there were three functions of swearing in Donald trump’s utterances during a presidential debate in 2016 namely descriptive swearing, abusive swearing, and idiomatic swearing. Keywords:Swearing, Taboo words, Sociological Approach, US presidential debate in 2016, Donald Trump
DIALECT IN INTERACTION BETWEEN SELLERS AND BUYERS AT PASAR RAME MEDAN
Authors: Putri Melina , Saragih Amrin , Pulungan Anni Holila
Published: May 2019

The research was focused on the topic about Dialect caused by in Interaction between Sellers and Buyers at Pasar Rame Medan. This study was aimed at identify the dominantly types dialectcaused by and realize the dialect that used in interaction between sellers and buyers at Pasar Rame Medan. The source of data was taken from the conversation between sellers and buyers at Pasar Rame Medan that used dialect. The data were collected by using recording technique. Instrument for collecting the data is using tipe recording. The technique for analyzing the data is descriptive qualitative research. The result of this research was types of dialect caused by can be found are, Geographical (33,33%), Socio-Economic Status (SES) (36,66%), Age(23,33%), and Sex (6,66%).The most dominant type of dialect that used in interaction between sellers and buyers at Pasar Rame Medan is Socio-Economic Status with percentage 28.80% .Realize of the dialect that found in interaction between sellers and buyers at Pasar Rame Medan  were made possible by some factors: Phonology (pronounce, stress, tone and pitch) , lexicon and grammatical aspects. Keywords: Dialect, Phonology
Vistas urbanas: um estudo sobre paisagem e urbanidade no centro histórico de Florianópolis (Santa Catarina, Brasil) | Urban views: a Study on the landscape and urbanity in the historical center of Florianopolis (Santa Catarina, Brazil)
Authors: Oliveira Tueilon De , Zapatel Juan Antonio
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre urbanidade, tendo como objeto de estudo o centro historico de Florianopolis, Santa Catarina. A metodologia utilizada tem abordagem qualitativa e exploratoria que busca compreender os espacos urbanos sob um olhar intimista, no sentido da apreensao da urbanidade. O metodo envolve a realizacao de cortes urbanos para a identificacao urbano‑arquitetonica da area em estudo, utilizando‑se da tecnica etnografica do diario de campo. Os resultados introduzem um modo de estudar as cidades a partir do nivel dos olhos, inserindo o pesquisador no mesmo contexto das pessoas que compoem a paisagem urbana, buscando dessa forma identificar os elementos na interface urbano‑arquitetonica que definem as caracteristicas de urbanidade.
Militância na urbanização de favelas: em busca de uma conceituação | Militancy in the urbanization of slums: In search for conceptualization
Authors: Ferreira Lara Isa Costa , Leitão Karina Oliveira
Published: May 2019

Este artigo explora analiticamente a militância de arquitetos projetistas em Urbanização de Favelas no Brasil. Neste contexto, a ação militante em assentamentos populares e entendida como postura ética, técnica e politica intencional que reivindica o lugar das favelas e seus moradores nas cidades brasileiras. Para isso, recorre‑se a uma seleção de dez casos de estudo identificados como referencias projetais na intervenção de forma engajada em favelas, iluminando a trajetória de ação de dez sujeitos, arquitetos projetistas com vasta experiência em Urbanização de Favelas. A partir dos seus percursos individuais e com base em depoimentos cruzados com pesquisa documental, buscam‑se os pontos comuns entre as atuações, reflexões e até frustrações, que enunciam o que pode ser entendido como a militância em Urbanização de Favelas. Os casos aqui abordados abrangem intervenções realizadas no Rio de Janeiro e Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, remetendo‑se um recorte temporal que se inicia com experiências pioneiras nos anos 1970, até intervenções ensejadas recentemente. Pretende‑se recuperar historicamente a atuação engajada em favelas e contribuir para a reflexão a partir de sujeitos e experiências que nem sempre são reconhecidas e devidamente documentadas na literatura acadêmica nacional. Espera‑se assim debater praticas pouco exploradas que podem colaborar para o desafio de manutenção de uma agenda de pesquisa e de ação publica progressista e continua em favelas no pais.
Miscigenação urbanística em São Paulo: aspectos normativos do Plano de Avenidas e seu modelo de cidade | Urban miscegenation in São Paulo (Brazil): Normative aspects of the Plano de Avenidas and its city model
Authors: Noto Felipe De Souza
Published: May 2019

O papel do Plano de Avenidas (Francisco Prestes Maia, 1930), e dos instrumentos normativos que garantiram sua implantacao, deve ser explorado para alem das decisoes viarias que orientaram os vetores de crescimento da cidade de Sao Paulo. A forma da cidade que se reconstruiu com o alargamento das novas avenidas foi definida por intencoes academicas que respeitavam a matriz do quarteirao como peca integral; simultaneamente, a legislacao urbanistica incorporou a verticalizacao como horizonte, fazendo coexistir duas logicas ate entao incompativeis. A arquitetura moderna em Sao Paulo contou, portanto, com o incentivo oficial em seus primeiros exemplos, concentrados nas zonas de expansao do Centro, territorio ordenado por uma ocupacao tradicional de quarteirao. E neste cenario de miscigenacao que foram gestados alguns dos mais significativos edificios da arquitetura contemporanea paulistana: desvendar os criterios normativos que os forjaram e a tarefa assumida por este trabalho.
Nota dos editores | Editor’s note
Authors: Schicchi Maria Cristina Da Silva , Pereira Jonathas Magalhães
Published: May 2019

Nos últimos quatro anos (2015-2018), a revista “Oculum Ensaios” passou por mudanças significativas em sua política editorial. Vale a pena destacar algumas, ainda que se possa incorrer em repetição: a partir de 2015, a Revista passou a ser publicada apenas em formato digital que implicou a busca de elementos que pudessem tornar sua leitura tão atraente quanto no formato impresso, o que foi possível mantendo-se a qualidade gráfica de suas edições e o Ensaio Visual como um elemento de distinção e identidade. Procurou-se, neste mesmo sentido, explorar o potencial que a divulgação por meio digital oferecia, incorporando a colaboração de pesquisadores estrangeiros, por meio de convites para escrever os editoriais, que passaram a abrigar pautas de interesse mais amplo e atual, estabelecendo um diálogo com a comunidade científica internacional.
Evaluation of glomerular filtration rate estimation by means of plasma clearance of iohexol in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Lippi Ilaria , Perondi Francesca , Petrini Daniele , La Fortuna Maria Cristina , Luci Giacomo , Intorre Luigi , Guidi Grazia , Meucci Valentina
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation by means of plasma clearance of iohexol (IOX) in domestic rabbits and to assess accuracy of limited-sampling models for GFR estimation.

ANIMALS

6 healthy domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

PROCEDURES

Each rabbit received IOX (64.7 mg/kg [0.1 mL/kg], IV), and blood samples were collected at predetermined times before and after administration. Plasma IOX concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetics of IOX was determined by a noncompartmental method. For each rabbit, plasma clearance of IOX was determined by dividing the total IOX dose administered by the area under the concentration-time curve indexed to the subject's body weight. The GFR estimated from the plasma IOX concentration at 6 sampling times (referent model) was compared with that estimated from the plasma IOX concentration at 5 (model A), 4 (model B), and 3 (models C, D, and E) sampling times (limited-sampling models).

RESULTS

Mean ± SD GFR was 4.41 ± 1.10 mL/min/kg for the referent model and did not differ significantly from the GFR estimated by any of the limited-sampling models. The GFR bias magnitude relative to the referent model was smallest for model D in which GFR was estimated from plasma IOX concentrations at 5, 15, and 90 minutes after IOX administration.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that plasma clearance of IOX was a safe, reliable, accurate, and clinically feasible method to estimate GFR in domestic rabbits. Further research is necessary to refine the method.
Cardiac structure and function characterized across age groups and between sexes in healthy wild-born captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) living in sanctuaries
Authors: Drane Aimee L. , Atencia Rebeca , Cooper Stephen-Mark , Rodriguez Pablo , Sanchez Carlos , Simcox Sarah , Feltrer Yedra , Peck Bruce , Eng Jaclyn , Moittie Sophie , Unwin Steve , Howatson Glyn , Oxborough David , Stembridge Mike R. , Shave Rob E.
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

To comprehensively characterize cardiac structure and function, from infancy to adulthood, in male and female wild-born captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) living in sanctuaries.

ANIMALS

290 wild-born captive chimpanzees.

PROCEDURES

Physical and echocardiographic examinations were performed on anesthetized chimpanzees in 3 sanctuaries in Africa between October 2013 and May 2017. Results were evaluated across age groups and between sexes, and potential differences were assessed with multiple 1-way independent Kruskal-Wallis tests.

RESULTS

Results indicated that left ventricular diastolic and systolic function declined at a younger age in males than in females. Although differences in right ventricular diastolic function were not identified among age groups, right ventricular systolic function was lower in adult chimpanzees (> 12 years old), compared with subadult (8 to 12 years old) and juvenile (5 to 7 years old) chimpanzees. In addition, male subadult and adult chimpanzees had larger cardiac wall dimensions and chamber volumes than did their female counterparts.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results of the present study provided useful reference intervals for cardiac structure and function in captive chimpanzees categorized on the basis of age and sex; however, further research is warranted to examine isolated and combined impacts of blood pressure, age, body weight, and anesthetic agents on cardiac structure and function in chimpanzees.
Luteinizing hormone receptor expression by nonneoplastic and neoplastic canine lymphocytes
Authors: Ettinger Alyssa M. , Gust Sabrina K. , Kutzler Michelle A.
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

To investigate luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor expression in canine nonneoplastic and neoplastic lymph nodes, circulating nonneoplastic lymphocytes, and T-cell lymphoma (TCL) cell lines.

SAMPLE

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymph nodes (5 neoplastic and 3 nonneoplastic) from 6 dogs, circulating lymphocytes from venous blood specimens obtained from 12 healthy dogs, and 3 TCL cell lines derived from 3 dogs with primary lymphoma.

PROCEDURES

Lymph node specimens were immunohistochemically stained for determination of LH receptor expression. Circulating nonneoplastic lymphocytes and TCL cell lines were evaluated for LH receptor expression by use of flow cytometry; circulating lymphocytes were also immunophenotyped. The mean percentage of cells positive for LH receptors was determined for each type of specimen. For the healthy dogs, percentages of circulating B and T lymphocytes that expressed LH receptors were assessed on the basis of sex and reproductive status.

RESULTS

The mean percentage of LH receptor-positive cells in canine neoplastic and nonneoplastic lymph nodes was 12.4% and 4.1%, respectively. For the healthy dogs, the mean percentage of circulating LH receptor-positive T lymphocytes was significantly higher in gonadectomized dogs (16.6%) than in sexually intact dogs (10.5%); the percentages of circulating LH receptor-positive B lymphocytes did not significantly differ by reproductive status. Among the 3 canine TCL cell lines, LH receptor expression ranged from 10% to 45%.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In this study, LH receptor expression by canine neoplastic and nonneoplastic lymphocytes was detected. Research into the effects of downregulation of LH receptor activation in dogs with lymphoma is warranted.
Effects of storage over a 36-month period on coagulation factors in a canine plasma product obtained by use of plasmapheresis
Authors: Donahue Margret E. , Fernandez Alberto L.
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate stability of coagulation factors in canine plasma obtained by use of plasmapheresis and stored over a 36-month period.

SAMPLE

Canine plasma obtained by use of plasmapheresis acquired from a commercial blood bank.

PROCEDURES

Coagulation testing for fibrinogen concentration and activity of factors II, V, VII, VIII, and IX and von Willebrand factor was performed on canine plasma obtained by use of plasmapheresis. Samples were obtained for testing at 6-month intervals from plasma stored for up to 36 months.

RESULTS

A simple mixed linear regression model was created for each analysis. Median value for the fibrinogen concentration was > 150 mg/dL for all time points, except at 467, 650, and 1,015 days of storage. Median value for factor VIII was > 70% only at 650 days. Median value for factor V was > 50% through 650 days. Median value for factors VII and X was > 50% through 833 days, and median value for factors II and VII was > 50% through 1,015 days. Median value for von Willebrand factor was > 50% for the entire study (1,198 days). Median value for factor X was always < 50%.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Coagulation factors degraded over time at variable rates, and all labile factors remained at > 50% activity for longer than 1 year. Plasma collected by plasmapheresis potentially offers prolonged life span of some clotting factors. Plasmapheresis is an acceptable form of canine plasma collection for transfusion purposes, and further studies should be performed to determine all of its benefits.
Assessment of the administration of maropitant and loperamide to dogs with cancer for the prevention and reduction of adverse effects associated with the administration of paclitaxel
Authors: Cartagena-Albertus Juan C. , Engel Manchado Javier , Moise Antoaneta , Moya García Sergio , Montoya Alonso Jose A.
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the efficacy of maropitant and loperamide for the prevention and reduction of adverse gastrointestinal effects associated with administration of paclitaxel to dogs with cancer.

ANIMALS

168 dogs with cancer.

PROCEDURES

The study comprised 2 phases. For phase 1, dogs in the intervention group were administered maropitant and loperamide followed by paclitaxel. Outcomes were compared with those for a control group that received only maropitant and paclitaxel. For phase 2, all dogs of phase 1 that did not receive maropitant and loperamide and that had adverse gastrointestinal effects were enrolled; they received maropitant and loperamide and another dose of paclitaxel.

RESULTS

In phase 1, significantly fewer dogs in the intervention group had adverse effects. For dogs that had adverse effects, the intervention group had a lower severity of lack of appetite and lethargy. Also, adverse effects for dogs in the intervention group were of significantly shorter duration than for the control group. In phase 2, significant reductions in adverse effects were observed after administration of maropitant and loperamide. In those dogs that still had adverse effects after administration of maropitant and loperamide, there was a significant reduction in severity of signs of nausea and lethargy.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

A combination of maropitant and loperamide was found to be safe for use and effective for reducing or preventing signs of paclitaxel-induced gastrointestinal effects in dogs.
Tindak Pidana yang Dilakukan Pengungsi Internasional di Indonesia
Authors: Rakhmi Ida Tutia , Mujibussalim Mujibussalim , Mahfud Mahfud
Published: May 2019

Indonesia tidak meratifikasi Konvensi 1951 beserta Protokol 1967 tentang Pengungsi. Konvensi 1951 dan Protokol 1967 juga tidak dijelaskan secara spesifik, mekanisme penegakan hukum terhadap pengungsi yang melakukan tindakan kriminalitas di negara transit. Pokok permasalahan artikel ini adalah aturan hukum dan metode penyelesaian terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh pengungsi Internasional di Indonesia, dan untuk mengetahui aturan hukum dan metode penyelesaian terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh pengungsi Internasional di Indonesia. Jenis metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aturan hukum dilandaskan pada teori kedaulatan dan juga yurisdiksi negara ketika memproses kasus pidana yang dilakukan pengungsi internasional, seperti yang disebutkan Pasal 2 Konvensi 1951, karena Indonesia sebagai anggota komunitas masyarakat internasional dan juga anggota PBB terikat dengan International Customary Law, yaitu prinsip non-refoulement. Penyelesaian kasus diselesaikan melalui jalur nonlitigasi, yaitu dengan cara penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan. Criminal Actions was Conducted by Internasional Refugees in Indonesia Indonesia does not ratify the 1951 Refugee Convention and  Protocol 1967 Relating to The Status of Refugees. The 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol also not define specifically about law enforcement mechanisms against refugees who commit crimes in transit countries. Based on the above description, the main issue is what is the regulation and the method of arrangement to criminal acts who committed by refugees in Indonesia This study aims to find out and explain the regulation to criminal acts who committed by refugees in Indonesia. The research methods in this study were the juridical normative legal research method. The results of the research was based on the theory of sovereignty and the jurisdiction of the state and the non-refoulement and Article 2 Convention of the refugees. The settlement of cases in the Indonesian jurisdiction will conducted through the nonlitigation path, the way out-of-court dispute resolution.
Perbandingan Hukum Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara dan Verwaltungsgerecht sebagai Perlindungan Hukum Rakyat
Authors: Habibi Dani
Published: May 2019

Permasalahan hukum yang akan dibahas dalam tulisan ini mengenai gambaran sistem Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Jerman dan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara di Indonesia. Sistem Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Jerman pada hakikatnya sama dengan sistem Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara di Indonesia. Sistem tersebut dapat dilihat dari adanya jenjang sistem peradilan mulai dari tingkat pertama, tingkat banding, dan tingkat akhir atau kasasi. Selain itu akan diulas berkaitan dengan proses peradilan, dasar-dasar dilakukannya gugatan yang diajukan terhadap pemerintah serta cara pelaksanaan proses peradilan tata usaha negara di masing-masing negara. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan perbandingan hukum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sistem Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara baik di Indonesia maupun di Jerman serta mengetahui perbedaam sistem Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara baik di Indonesia maupun di Jerman serta melakukan suatu pembaruan sistem Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara di Indonesia sebagai bentuk suatu perlindungan hukum kepada rakyat A Comparative Law of Administrative Court and Verwaltungsrecht as a Form of Legal Protection to People Legal issues that will be discussed in this paper regarding the description of the Germany Administrative Court system and the Indonesia Administrative Court system. Generally, There are similarities between the Administrative Court system in Germany and in Indonesia. It can be seen from the level of the justice system starting from the first level, the appeal level and the final level or cassation. In addition, this paper will review the judicial process, the basics of lawsuit against the government and how to implement the state administrative court processes in each country. The research method is normative legal research with legislation and legal comparison approach. The purpose of this research is to find out the Administrative Court System and to know the difference between the Administrative Courts System both in Indonesia and in Germany and also to reform the Administrative Court system in Indonesia as a form of legal protection for people.
As novas tecnologias da comunicação e as instituições de arte contemporânea
Authors: De Almeida Thamara Venâncio , Figueredo Henrique Grimaldi
Published: May 2019

Este artigo apresenta de forma breve a relação das novas tecnologias da comunicação com os museus, e mais recentemente, com as novas instituições de arte contemporânea. Passando por um breve histórico de grandes modelos museais que romperam paradigmas, criando novas categorias no universo da arte, intentamos apontar a forma como as novas tecnologias incidiram nessas mudanças de práticas, que mudaram muito ao passar dos séculos. Procuraremos entender em que se firma a noção de um centro cultural e em que contexto foi criado, para após trabalharmos a “Associação Cultural Videobrasil”, centro cultural brasileiro eleito para análise. Através dessa instituição apresentaremos algumas possibilidades em pensar uma instituição nos moldes contemporâneo, apresentando seus principais prismas.
Retratos de grupos de artistas no Brasil:
Authors: Christo Maraliz de Castro Vieira
Published: May 2019

Apesar do significativo associativismo envolvendo artistas plásticos no Brasil, poucas são as representações de grupos de artistas em pintura.  Neste artigo estudaremos os quadros Alguns colegas (1921), de Arthur Timótheo da Costa, e Artistas da SBAAP (1952), de Angelo Bigi. A pesquisa com retratos de grupos impõe analisar-se não só as relações que estabeleceram os autores dos quadros, seus modelos e o público, mas, igualmente, as redes tecidas pelos artistas representados entre si, no momento de sua criação. Partiremos de algumas questões básicas: Quem são? O que os uniu? Quais as motivações para a elaboração do quadro? Quem está presente ou ausente e por quê? Como foram representados?
EVALUASI KEBUTUHAN RAMBU LALU LINTAS PADA RUAS JALAN PERBATASAN ANTARA KABUPATEN BANTUL-GADING DI GUNUNGKIDUL, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Arianto Setio Boedi , Heriwibowo Dwi
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to find out the number of road traffic facilities requirement as monitoring devices toward the implementation of management and traffic engineering in order to support safety road. The analytical method used are Descriptive Qualitative and Quantitative analysis. The conclusions of this study are the characteristics of road geometric in Gunungkidul Regency on the road border crossing between Bantul Regency and Gading Regency mostly are uphill and downhill road combined with curves roadside segmented which are indicates accidents-prone areas. Therefore it is required some of traffic signs for this segment about 128 units which are consisting of order signs 2 units, instruction signs 13 units, warning signs 108 units, and prohibition signs 5 units. Currently the number of traffic signs installed are 76 units consisting of order signs 2 units, signs instruction 4 units, warning signs 67 units, and prohibition signs 3 units, for this there are a shortage of traffic signs for 52 units consisting of signs instruction 9 units, warning signs 41 units, and prohibition signs 2 units.ABSTRAKTujuan melakukan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jumlah kebutuhan perlengkapan jalan sebagai alat pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan manajemen dan rekayasa lalu lintas dalam rangka keselamatan jalan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kondisi geometri jalan di Kabupaten Gunungkidul pada ruas jalan batas Kabupaten Bantul-Gading, yaitu berupa tanjakan dan turunan serta tikungan tajam dan segmen jalan ini merupakan daerah rawan kecelakaan. Karenanya dibutuhkan rambu-rambu lalu lintas pada segmen jalan ini sebanyak 128 unit terdiri atas rambu perintah 2 unit, rambu petunjuk 13 unit, rambu peringatan 108 unit, dan rambu larangan 5 unit. Untuk saat ini jumlah rambu lalu lintas terpasang adalah 76 unit yang terdiri atas rambu perintah 2 unit, rambu petunjuk 4 unit, rambu peringatan 67 unit, dan rambu larangan 3 unit, sehingga terdapat kekurangan jumlah rambu 52 unit yang terdiri atas rambu petunjuk 9 unit, rambu peringatan 41 unit, dan rambu larangan 2 unit.
RISIKO PENGOPERASIAN SARANA PERKERETAAPIAN MELEBIHI USIA TEKNIS
Authors: Hidayat Taufik
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTOperating implication of railway rolling stock has lifetime technical operation. The exceeds of technical age may cause the decreasing at uncertainty and reliability. In other hand, it can increase operation risks, such as derailment, cracking, and burning. The decreasing of service quality consists of safety, comfortability, punctuality, operating and maintenance costs increased. This paper is analyzing the risk of railway rolling stock operation that has lifetime technical operation because of backlog-ing due to the investment detained for the new acquisition. The method used in order to determine period to replace railway rolling stock using quantitative and qualitative description analysis methods. Then the result indicates that the railway rolling stock with lifetime technical operation more than 30 years has not appropriate to use anymore. It is all about 824 units or equal to 47% of 1753 units.ABSTRAKImplikasi pengoperasian sarana perkeretaapian (railway rolling stock) yang telah melampaui usia teknisnya meliputi ketidakpastian atau bahkan penurunan keandalan sarana yang berakibat langsung pada laik operasi dan keselamatan operasi; kecelakaan yang berupa anjlok/terguling, patah/kegagalan konstruksi, kebakaran meningkat; penurunan kualitas pelayanan yang mencakup keselamatan, kenyamanan, ketepatan waktu; serta biaya pengoperasian dan perawatan meningkat. Penelitian ini mengkaji seberapa besar risiko pengoperasian sarana perkeretaapian melebihi usia teknis akibat terjadinya backlog pada sarana perkeretaapian yang berupa penundaan investasi untuk pengadaan sarana baru. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui jangka waktu penggantian sarana adalah dengan melakukan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kereta yang berusia lebih dari 30 tahun yang sudah tidak layak operasi, dengan jumlah 823 unit atau 47% dari total kereta yang berjumlah 1753 unit.
ANALISIS LUAS DAN STATUS PENGUASAAN LAHAN PETANI MANGGA DIKAITKAN DENGAN PERILAKU AGRIBISNISNYA DI KECAMATAN CIKEDUNG KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Elfadina Ellisa Agri , Rasmikayati Elly , Saefudin Bobby Rachmat
Published: May 2019

Kecamatan Cikedung merupakan salah satu sentra produksi mangga di Kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat. Namun, produksi mangga tersebut berfluktuasi dan luas penguasaan lahan petani masih stagnan dan sempit. Selain itu, pendapatan petani dari usahatani mangga juga masih rendah sehingga petani belum dapat dikatakan sejahtera. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku agribisnis petani mangga ditinjau dari penguasaan lahan di Kecamatan Cikedung, Kabupaten Indramayu. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Responden dalam penelitian ini yakni 130 orang petani mangga yang diambil secara acak. Alat analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas petani yang didominasi oleh petani berlahan sempit dengan status penguasaan lahan milik sudah menerapkan teknologi off season dengan hasil panen grade A/B mencapai 90%. Selain itu, petani berlahan sempit dan sedang di Kecamatan Cikedung, Kabupaten Indramayu menjual hasil panen mangganya ke pedagang pengumpul/tengkulak/pengontrak sedangkan petani berlahan luas menjadikan pedagang besar/bandar sebagai pasar akhir untuk menjual hasil panen. Mayoritas petani responden tidak bergabung ke dalam suatu kelompok tani serta tidak pernah mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan/penyuluhan terkait usahatani mangga.
PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP USAHATANI STEVIA (Studi Kasus di Desa Mekarsari, Kecamatan Cikajang, Kabupaten Garut)
Authors: Fachri Farhan Muhammad , Hapsari Hepi , Sukayat Yayat
Published: May 2019

Stevia adalah sejenis tanaman perdu yang bisa dijadikan sebagai pemanis pengganti pemanis dari gula tebu. Kandungan kalori pada pemanis dari stevia adalah nol, sehingga bagus dikonsumsi oleh penderita diabetes. Penggunaan pemanis dari stevia bisasanya pada makanan, minuman, serta obat-obatan. Usahatani stevia di Desa Mekarsari sudah kurang lebih satu tahun dilakukan dengan kerjasama bersama dua perusahaan, yaitu PT Tokinoto Utama yang adalah eksportir dan PT Agrojabar yang mengolah stevia menjadi stevia cair dan menjual stevia olahan ke perusahaan lain. Tim perusahan dari Jepang mengatakan bahwa kualitas tanaman stevia di Desa Mekarsari Kecamatan Cikajang ini merupakan salah satu kualitas terbaik di dunia. Saat ini sudah ada 6 petani penggarap dan 30 buruh tani yang terlibat dalamusahatani stevia. Sejak awal tahun 2018, pembukaan lahan Pamegatan yang sebelumnya dikuasai masyarakat sedang diusahakan untuk dibuka sebesar 100 hektar yang akan dimanfaatkan untuk perluasan stevia di Desa Mekarsari. Usaha perluasan itu nantinya akan dilakukan kerjasama dengan petani penggarap dan buruh tani di Desa Mekarsari. Penelitian ini akan melihat karakteristik petani, bagaimana persepsi petani di Desa Mekarsari, serta usahatani stevia selama satu tahun agar nantinya bisa diketahui apakah usahatani stevia di Desa Mekarsari baik atau dan apakah usahatani stevia lebih baik dilanjutkan atau tidak jika dilihat dari persepsi petani penggarap dan buruh tani. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode statistika deskriptif dengan alat bantu analisis nilai rataan skor yang dipresentasikan dengan tabulasi silang. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa usahatani stevia sudah menguntungkan selama satu tahun, serta persepsi petani di Desa Mekarsari mayoritas baik terhadap usahatani stevia dilihat dari semua karakteristik petani.
Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Araştırma Eğitiminde Uygulanan Bilimsellik Yatay Stajı ve Değerlendirme Sonuçları*
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Semra , ARICI Dilek Sema , MERİÇ KOÇ Meliha , KAZANCIOĞLU Rümeyza
Published: May 2019

ÖZETTıp Eğitiminde; bilimsel araştırma
tasarlama sorumluluğu üstlenebilen hekimler yetiştirmek,  tıp fakültelerinin mezun yeterlilikleri
arasında yer almaktadır. Her öğrencinin sorumluluğunu üstlenerek, bilimsel bir
araştırma yapmasını sağlayacak “araştırma eğitimi programı”   fakültemizde klinik dönemde bilimsellik
komitesi/stajı adı verilen bir yatay stajla gerçekleşmektedir. Bu çalışmanın
amacı, uygulamanın nasıl yapıldığı ve değerlendirildiğini açıklamak ve edinilen
deneyimleri paylaşmaktır.  Bu stajda,
amacı ve içeriği belirlenmiş altı modülde, araştırma eğitimine yönelik konferanslar
ve öğrencilerin mentörleri ile birlikte hazırlamış oldukları araştırmaların
aşamaları yer almaktadır. Öğrenciler, kendilerine bir mentör öğretim üyesi
seçmekte ve bu öğretim üyesiyle standart bir sözleşme imzalamaktadırlar. İlk
modülden itibaren bir araştırma sorusu oluşturmaları, bilimsel literatür
taramaları yapmaları, etik kurul başvurusu, proje hazırlamaları ve proje
malzemelerini sağlamaları gerekmektedir. İstatistiksel destek alma, araştırmayı
sürdürme ve bitirme sorumlulukları da bulunmaktadır. Modüllerde öğretim üyeleri
tarafından konferanslar verilmekte ve küçük gruplara ayrılan öğrenciler,
projelerinin aşamalarını komisyonda yer alan öğretim üyesi ve grup
arkadaşlarına sunmaktadır. Her modülün gerektirdiği aşama belirlenmiş ve bir
kılavuzda yayınlanmıştır. Üç yarıyıl süren bu yatay stajın sonunda öğrenciler
araştırmalarını Tıp Bayramında düzenlenen “Araştırma Günü” etkinliklerinde
sözlü veya poster bildirileri şeklinde sunmaktadırlar. Fakültemiz öğretim üyelerinden
oluşan Bilimsellik Stajı Komisyonu, uygulamayı düzenlemekte, modüllerde görev
almakta ve tüm taraflardan alınan geribildirimleri değerlendirerek üst
birimlere rapor etmektedir. Uygulamayı eşgüdümlü olarak yürüttüğümüz Johns
Hopkins Üniversitesi öğretim üyeleri de her modüle katkı sunmaktadır. Ölçme ve
değerlendirme, modüllerde gösterdikleri ilerlemelere göre, yapılandırılmış bir
puanlama sistemiyle gerçekleştirilir.

Sonuç: Bilimsellik
Komitesi/Stajı, Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi program çıktılarında
da yer alan «Bilimsellik» maddesi kapsamında, öğrencilerimize bilimsel
okur-yazarlığı öğretmek amaçlı oluşturulmuştur. BVÜ öğrencilerinin bu aşamaları
birebir yaşayarak ve yaparak öğrenmelerinin eğitimlerine önemli katkısının
olacağı ve benzer uygulamaların yaygınlaşmasının ülkemizde araştırmacı-hekim
sayısında artış sağlayacağı kanısındayız.
The m6A pathway protects the transcriptome integrity by restricting RNA chimera formation in plants
Authors: Pontier Dominique , Picart Claire , El Baidouri Moaine , Roudier François , Xu Tao , Lahmy Sylvie , Llauro Christel , Azevedo Jacinthe , Laudié Michèle , Attina Aurore , Hirtz Christophe , Carpentier Marie-Christine , Shen Lisha , Lagrange Thierry
Published: May 2019

Global, segmental, and gene duplication–related processes are driving genome size and complexity in plants. Despite their evolutionary potentials, those processes can also have adverse effects on genome regulation, thus implying the existence of specialized corrective mechanisms. Here, we report that an N6-methyladenosine (m6A)–assisted polyadenylation (m-ASP) pathway ensures transcriptome integrity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Efficient m-ASP pathway activity requires the m6A methyltransferase-associated factor FIP37 and CPSF30L, an m6A reader corresponding to an YT512-B Homology Domain-containing protein (YTHDC)-type domain containing isoform of the 30-kD subunit of cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor. Targets of the m-ASP pathway are enriched in recently rearranged gene pairs, displayed an atypical chromatin signature, and showed transcriptional readthrough and mRNA chimera formation in FIP37- and CPSF30L-deficient plants. Furthermore, we showed that the m-ASP pathway can also restrict the formation of chimeric gene/transposable-element transcript, suggesting a possible implication of this pathway in the control of transposable elements at specific locus. Taken together, our results point to selective recognition of 3′-UTR m6A as a safeguard mechanism ensuring transcriptome integrity at rearranged genomic loci in plants.
Technological Infrastructure and Data Access in Police Districts: An Evaluation of the ICTs Use Against Crime in Lima, Peru
Authors: Lluncor Diego Aguilar , Sánchez José Mendoza
Published: May 2019

Purpose – With the rapid growth of cities, the functions of the police have been affected. The increase in the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), backed by access to a large amount of public and police information, represents an opportunity for improving the fight against crime and to manage time more efficiently.

Methodology/approach/design – This paper analyzes the role played by ICT as tools for reducing crime in the city of Lima (Peru).

Findings – The results obtained show that a better level of ICT infrastructure and greater access to information sources through the Internet in police stations discourages the level of crime.

Practical implications – In addition, these better levels of ICT presence in police stations generate a higher level of interaction and exchange of data and information between neighboring police stations.