bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperonic Interactions in Neutron Stars
Authors: Mikheev Semyon , Lanskoy Dmitry , Nasakin Artur , Tretyakova Tatiana
Published: September 2023

The matter of neutron stars is characterised by the density of the order of typical nuclear densities; hence, it can be described with methods of nuclear physics. However, at high densities, some effects that are absent in nuclear and hypernuclear physics can appear, and this makes neutron stars a good place for studying the properties of baryonic interactions. In the present work, we consider neutron stars consisting of nucleons, leptons and Λ hyperons with Skyrme baryonic forces. We study the character of the ΛN interactions taking place in neutron stars at high densities. In particular, we show the difference between three-body ΛNN and density-dependent ΛN forces. We also demonstrate that the Skyrme ΛN forces proportional to nuclear density are better suited for the modelling of neutron stars than the forces proportional to fractional powers of density. Finally, we emphasize the importance of the point of appearance of hyperons in a further search for parameterizations which are suitable for describing neutron stars.
Exploring the Potential of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Therapy in Tuberculosis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Boicean Adrian , Bratu Dan , Fleaca Sorin Radu , Vasile Gligor , Shelly Leeb , Birsan Sabrina , Bacila Ciprian , Hasegan Adrian
Published: September 2023

This review explores the potential benefits of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as an adjunct treatment in tuberculosis (TB), drawing parallels from its efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). FMT has shown promise in restoring the gut microbial balance and modulating immune responses in IBD patients. Considering the similarities in immunomodulation and dysbiosis between IBD and TB, this review hypothesizes that FMT may offer therapeutic benefits as an adjunct therapy in TB. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the existing literature on FMT in IBD and TB, highlighting the mechanisms and potential implications of FMT in the therapeutic management of both conditions. The findings contribute to understanding FMT’s potential role in TB treatment and underscore the necessity for future research in this direction to fully leverage its clinical applications. Conclusion: The integration of FMT into the comprehensive management of TB could potentially enhance treatment outcomes, reduce drug resistance, and mitigate the side effects of conventional therapies. Future research endeavors should focus on well-designed clinical trials to develop guidelines concerning the safety and short- and long-term benefits of FMT in TB patients, as well as to assess potential risks.
Mathematical Programming for the Dynamics of Opinion Diffusion
Authors: Ellero Andrea , Fasano Giovanni , Favaretto Daniela
Published: September 2023

The focus of this paper is on analyzing the role and the choice of parameters in sociophysics diffusion models by leveraging the potentialities of sociophysics from a mathematical programming perspective. We first present a generalised version of Galam’s opinion diffusion model. For a given selection of the coefficients in our model, this proposal yields the original Galam’s model. The generalised model suggests guidelines for possible alternative selection of its parameters that allow it to foster diffusion. Examples of the parameters selection process as steered by numerical optimisation, taking into account various objectives, are provided.
The Interplay of Physiological and Biochemical Response to Short-Term Drought Exposure in Garlic (Allium sativum L.)
Authors: Kovačević Tvrtko Karlo , Išić Nina , Major Nikola , Krpan Marina , Ban Dean , Franić Mario , Goreta Ban Smiljana
Published: September 2023

The impacts of global climate change and a rapid increase in population have emerged as major concerns threatening global food security. Environmental abiotic stress, such as drought, severely impairs plants’ morphology, physiology, growth, and yield more than many other environmental factors. Plants use a complex set of physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms to combat the negative effects caused by drought-induced stress. The aim of this study was to investigate morphological, spectral, physiological, and biochemical changes occurring in 30 garlic accessions exposed to short-term drought stress in a greenhouse setting and to identify potential early drought-induced stress markers. The results showed that, on average, garlic plants exposed to drought conditions exhibited a decrease in assimilation, transpiration, and stomatal conductance of 39%, 52%, and 50%, respectively, and an average increase in dry matter and proline content of 10.13% and 14.29%, respectively. Nevertheless, a significant interaction between the treatment and accessions was observed in the investigated photosynthetic and biochemical parameters. The plants’ early response to drought ranged from mild to strong depending on garlic accession. Multivariate analysis showed that accessions with a mild early drought response were characterized by higher values of assimilation, transpiration, and stomatal conductance compared to plants with moderate or strong early drought response. Additionally, accessions with strong early drought response were characterized by higher proline content, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant capacity as measured by FRAP compared to accessions with mild-to-moderate early drought response.
Genetic Approaches to Increase Arabinoxylan and β-Glucan Content in Wheat
Authors: Prins Anneke , Kosik Ondrej
Published: September 2023

Wheat is one of the three staple crops feeding the world. The demand for wheat is ever increasing as a relatively good source of protein, energy, nutrients, and dietary fiber (DF) when consumed as wholemeal. Arabinoxylan and β-glucan are the major hemicelluloses in the cell walls and dietary fiber in wheat grains. The amount and structure of DF varies between grain tissues. Reducing post-prandial glycemic response as well as intestinal transit time and contribution to increased fecal bulk are only a few benefits of DF consumption. Dietary fiber is fermented in the colon and stimulates growth of beneficial bacteria producing SCFA, considered responsible for a wide range of health benefits, including reducing the risk of heart disease and colon cancer. The recommended daily intake of 25–30 g is met by only few individuals. Cereals cover nearly 40% of fiber in the Western diet. Therefore, wheat is a good target for improving dietary fiber content, as it would increase the fiber intake and simultaneously impact the health of many people. This review reflects the current status of the research on genetics of the two major dietary fiber components, as well as breeding approaches used to improve their quantity and quality in wheat grain.
Chromium Recovery from Chromium-Loaded Cupressus lusitanica Bark in Two-Stage Desorption Processes
Authors: Netzahuatl-Muñoz Alma Rosa , Aranda-García Erick , Cristiani-Urbina Eliseo
Published: September 2023

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contamination poses serious health and environmental risks. Chromium biosorption has been employed as an effective means of eradicating Cr(VI) contamination. However, research on chromium desorption from chromium-loaded biosorbents is scarce despite its importance in facilitating industrial-scale chromium biosorption. In this study, single- and two-stage chromium desorption from chromium-loaded Cupressus lusitanica bark (CLB) was conducted. Thirty eluent solutions were evaluated first; the highest single-stage chromium desorption efficiencies were achieved when eluent solutions of 0.5 M NaOH, 0.5 M H2SO4, and 0.5 M H2C2O4 were used. Subsequently, two-stage kinetic studies of chromium desorption were performed. The results revealed that using 0.5 M NaOH solution in the first stage and 0.5 M H2C2O4 in the second stage enabled the recovery of almost all the chromium initially bound to CLB (desorption efficiency = 95.9–96.1%) within long (168 h) and short (3 h) desorption periods at each stage. This study clearly demonstrated that the oxidation state of the recovered chromium depends on the chemical nature and concentration of the eluent solution. The results suggest the possible regeneration of chromium-loaded CLB for its subsequent use in other biosorption/desorption cycles.
Tendon-Driven Variable-Stiffness Pneumatic Soft Gripper Robot
Authors: Mawah Safeh Clinton , Park Yong-Jai
Published: September 2023

In recent times, the soft robotics field has been attracting significant research focus owing to its high level of manipulation capabilities unlike traditional rigid robots, which gives room for increasing use in other areas. However, compared to traditional rigid gripper robots, being capable of controlling/obtaining overall body stiffness when required is yet to be further explored since soft gripper robots have inherently less-rigid properties. Unlike previous designs with very complex variable-stiffness systems, this paper demonstrates a soft gripper design with minimum system complexity while being capable of varying the stiffness of a continuum soft robotic actuator and proves to have potential applications in gripping objects of various shapes, weights, and sizes. The soft gripper actuator comprises two separate mechanisms: the pneumatic mechanism for bending control and the mechanical structure for stiffness variation by pulling tendons using stepper motors which compresses the actuator, thereby changing the overall stiffness. The pneumatic mechanism was first fabricated and then embedded into another silicon layer during which it was also merged with the mechanical structure for stiffness control. By first pneumatically actuating the actuator which causes bending and then pulling the tendons, we found out that the actuator stiffness value can be increased up to 145% its initial value, and the gripper can grasp and lift a weight of up to 2.075 kg.
A Pure Electric Driverless Crawler Construction Machinery Walking Method Based on the Fusion SLAM and Improved Pure Pursuit Algorithms
Authors: Wu Jiangdong , Ren Haoling , Lin Tianliang , Yao Yu , Fang Zhen , Liu Chang
Published: September 2023

Driverless technology refers to the technology that vehicles use to drive independently with the help of driverless system under the condition of unmanned intervention. The working environment of construction machinery is bad, and the working conditions are complex. The use of driverless technology can greatly reduce the risk of driver operation, reduce labor costs and improve economic benefits.Aiming at the problem of the GPS positioning signal in the working environment of construction machinery being weak and not able to achieve accurate positioning, this paper uses the fusion SLAM algorithm based on improved NDT to realize the real-time positioning of the whole vehicle through reconstruction of the scene. Considering that the motion characteristics of crawler construction machinery are different from those of ordinary passenger cars, this paper improves the existing pure pursuit algorithm. Simulations and real vehicle tests show that the algorithm combined with the fusion SLAM algorithm can realize the motion control of driverless crawler construction machinery well, complete the tracking of the set trajectory perfectly and have high robustness. Considering that there is no mature walking method of driverless crawler construction machinery for reference, the research of this paper will lay a foundation for the development of driverless crawler construction machinery.
Spectrum Sensing, Clustering Algorithms, and Energy-Harvesting Technology for Cognitive-Radio-Based Internet-of-Things Networks
Authors: Fernando Xavier , Lăzăroiu George
Published: September 2023

The aim of this systematic review was to identify the correlations between spectrum sensing, clustering algorithms, and energy-harvesting technology for cognitive-radio-based internet of things (IoT) networks in terms of deep-learning-based, nonorthogonal, multiple-access techniques. The search results and screening procedures were configured with the use of a web-based Shiny app in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) flow design. AMSTAR, DistillerSR, Eppi-Reviewer, PICO Portal, Rayyan, and ROBIS were the review software systems harnessed for screening and quality assessment, while bibliometric mapping (dimensions) and layout algorithms (VOSviewer) configured data visualization and analysis. Cognitive radio is pivotal in the utilization of an adequate radio spectrum source, with spectrum sensing optimizing cognitive radio network operations, opportunistic spectrum access and sensing able to boost the efficiency of cognitive radio networks, and cooperative spectrum sharing together with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer able increase spectrum and energy efficiency in 6G wireless communication networks and across IoT devices for efficient data exchange.
Model-Free Adaptive Positioning Control of the Bidirectional Stick–Slip Piezoelectric Actuator with Coupled Asymmetric Flexure-Hinge Mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Zhenguo , Dong Yikun , Yu Shuai , Lu Xiaohui , Liu Keping
Published: September 2023

A model-free adaptive positioning control strategy for piezoelectric stick–slip actuators (PSSAs) with uncertain disturbance is proposed. The designed controller consists of a data-driven self-learning feedforward controller and a model-free adaptive feedback controller with a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN)-based observer. Unlike the traditional model-based control methods, the model-free adaptive control (MFAC) strategy avoids the complicated modeling process. First, the nonlinear system of the PSSA is dynamically linearized into a data model. Then, the model-free adaptive feedback controller based on a data model is designed to avoid the complicated modeling process and enhance the robustness of the control system. Simultaneously, the data-driven self-learning feedforward controller is improved to realize the high-precision control performance. Additionally, the convergence of the tracking error and the boundedness of the control output signal are proved. Finally, the experimentally obtained results illustrate the advantages and effectiveness of the developed control methodology on the bidirectional stick–slip piezoelectric actuator with coupled asymmetric flexure-hinge mechanisms. The positioning error through the proposed controller reaches 30 nm under the low-frequency condition and 200 nm under the high-frequency condition when the target position is set to 100 μm. In addition, the target position can be accurately tracked in less than 0.5 s in the presence of a 100 Hz frequency.
Probabilistic Coverage Constraint Task Assignment with Privacy Protection in Vehicular Crowdsensing
Authors: Li Zhe , Liu Xiaolong , Huang Yang , Chen Honglong
Published: September 2023

The increasing popularity of portable smart devices has led to the emergence of vehicular crowdsensing as a novel approach for real-time sensing and environmental data collection, garnering significant attention across various domains. Within vehicular crowdsensing, task assignment stands as a fundamental research challenge. As the number of vehicle users and perceived tasks grows, the design of efficient task assignment schemes becomes crucial. However, existing research solely focuses on task deadlines, neglecting the importance of task duration. Additionally, the majority of privacy protection mechanisms in the current task assignment process emphasize safeguarding user location information but overlook the protection of user-perceived duration. This lack of protection exposes users to potential time-aware inference attacks, enabling attackers to deduce user schedules and device information. To address these issues in opportunistic task assignment for vehicular crowdsensing, this paper presents the minimum number of participants required under the constraint of probability coverage and proposes the User-Based Task Assignment (UBTA) mechanism, which selects the smallest set of participants to minimize the payment cost while measuring the probability of accomplishing perceived tasks by user combinations. To ensure privacy protection during opportunistic task assignment, a privacy protection method based on differential privacy is introduced. This method fuzzifies the sensing duration of vehicle users and calculates the probability of vehicle users completing sensing tasks, thus avoiding the exposure of users’ sensitive data while effectively assigning tasks. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through theoretical analysis and a comprehensive set of simulation experiments.
The Competitive Adsorption of Water and Methanol on a Hybrid Silica Stationary Phase in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
Authors: Kazmouz Muhamad Yahia , Felinger Attila
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the adsorption of methanol, water, and their mixture in a hybrid silica stationary phase with supercritical carbon dioxide as a mobile phase in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The adsorption isotherms of methanol and water were determined by two dynamic methods: the elution by characteristic point (ECP) method and the inverse method (IM). Both the single-component and competitive bi-Langmuir models were pre-selected for the inverse method. The initial parameters of the single-component isotherm for both methanol and water were estimated with the ECP method by fitting the experimental data to the bi-Langmuir isotherm model. Then, using the inverse method, we refined the single-component isotherm parameter values, which were then further used for determining the competitive isotherm of the methanol–water mixture. The elution profile of the (methanol–water) mixture sample was calculated by the equilibrium-dispersive (ED) model. The results indicated that there is a good agreement between the experimental band profile and the calculated band profile, which was obtained from the parameters of the competitive bi-Langmuir isotherm model, revealing a competition between methanol and water to reach the adsorption sites. Furthermore, the saturation capacity of the adsorption sites in the stationary phase decreased in the case of the mixture sample compared to those for the single-component sample.
Research Evolution on the Impact of Agronomic Practices on Soil Health from 1996 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Sellami Mohamed Houssemeddine , Terribile Fabio
Published: September 2023

In the last two decades, there has been a significant shift in focus towards soil health by international institutions, organizations, and scholars. Recognizing the vital role of soil in sustaining agriculture, ecosystems, and mitigating climate change, there has been a concerted effort to study and understand soil health more comprehensively. In this study, a bibliometric analysis was performed in order to determine the research trend of the articles published in the Scopus database in the last 26 years on soil health experimental studies and agronomic practices conducted in field conditions on agricultural soils. It has been observed that, after 2013, there has been a significant increase in research articles on soil health, with the USA and India research institutions ranking as the most productive on this topic. There is an asymmetry in international cooperation among research institutions, as well as for scholars. In addition, the research topic is gradually shifting from the effects of soil management strategies, especially nutrient management, on soil organic carbon and yield to the study of the impact of soil management on biochemistry and microbiological soil activities and greenhouse gas emissions. Future research should focus into more integrated approaches to achieve soil indicators enabling to evaluate the impact of sustainable management practices (e.g., cropping practices) on soil health.
Generating Synthetic Radiological Images with PySynthMRI: An Open-Source Cross-Platform Tool
Authors: Peretti Luca , Donatelli Graziella , Cencini Matteo , Cecchi Paolo , Buonincontri Guido , Cosottini Mirco , Tosetti Michela , Costagli Mauro
Published: September 2023

Synthetic MR Imaging allows for the reconstruction of different image contrasts from a single acquisition, reducing scan times. Commercial products that implement synthetic MRI are used in research. They rely on vendor-specific acquisitions and do not include the possibility of using custom multiparametric imaging techniques. We introduce PySynthMRI, an open-source tool with a user-friendly interface that uses a set of input images to generate synthetic images with diverse radiological contrasts by varying representative parameters of the desired target sequence, including the echo time, repetition time and inversion time(s). PySynthMRI is written in Python 3.6, and it can be executed under Linux, Windows, or MacOS as a python script or an executable. The tool is free and open source and is developed while taking into consideration the possibility of software customization by the end user. PySynthMRI generates synthetic images by calculating the pixelwise signal intensity as a function of a set of input images (e.g., T1 and T2 maps) and simulated scanner parameters chosen by the user via a graphical interface. The distribution provides a set of default synthetic contrasts, including T1w gradient echo, T2w spin echo, FLAIR and Double Inversion Recovery. The synthetic images can be exported in DICOM or NiFTI format. PySynthMRI allows for the fast synthetization of differently weighted MR images based on quantitative maps. Specialists can use the provided signal models to retrospectively generate contrasts and add custom ones. The modular architecture of the tool can be exploited to add new features without impacting the codebase.
Systematic Evaluation of Imaging Features of Early Bladder Cancer Using Computed Tomography Performed before Pathologic Diagnosis
Authors: Malik Rubab F. , Berry Renu , Lau Brandyn D. , Busireddy Kiran R. , Patel Prasan , Patel Sunil H. , Fishman Elliot K. , Bivalacqua Trinity J. , Johnson Pamela T. , Sedaghat Farzad
Published: September 2023

Background: Bladder cancer is the sixth most common malignancy in the United States (US). Despite its high prevalence and the significant potential benefits of early detection, no reliable, cost-effective screening algorithm exists for asymptomatic patients at risk. Nonetheless, reports of incidentally identified early bladder cancer on CT/MRI scans performed for other indications are emerging in the literature. This represents a new opportunity for early detection, with over 80 million CT scans performed in the US yearly, 40% of which are abdominopelvic CTs. This investigation aims to define the imaging features of early bladder cancer, with the mission of facilitating early diagnosis. Methods: Following IRB approval with a waiver of informed consent, a retrospective review was performed, identifying 624 patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer diagnosed at Johns Hopkins Hospital between 2000 and 2019. Of these patients, 99 patients underwent pelvic CT within the 5 years preceding pathologic diagnosis. These imaging studies were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate for the presence and features of any focal bladder wall abnormality. Results: Median age at the time of pathologic diagnosis was 70 years (range: 51–88 years), and 82% (81/99) of patients were male. A total of 226 CT studies were reviewed. The number of studies per patient ranged from 1 to 33. Median time interval between all available imaging and pathologic diagnosis was 14 months. A total of 62% (141/226) of the scans reviewed were performed for indications other than suspected urinary tract cancer (UTC). A bladder wall mass was visualized in 67% (66/99) of patients and on 35% (78/226) of scans performed before diagnosis. The majority (84%, 67/80) of masses were intraluminal. Mean transverse long- and short-axis measurements were 24 mm and 17 mm, respectively, with long dimension measurements ranging between 5 and 59 mm. Conclusions: Early bladder cancer was visualized on CT preceding pathologic diagnosis in more than 2/3 of patients, and the majority of scans were performed for indications other than suspected urinary tract cancer/UTC symptoms. These results suggest that cross-sectional imaging performed for other indications can serve as a resource for opportunistic bladder cancer screening, particularly in high-risk patients.
Trace Elements in Portuguese Children: Urinary Levels and Exposure Predictors
Authors: Correia-Sá Luísa , Fernandes Virgínia C. , Maia Maria Luz , Pinto Edgar , Norberto Sónia , Almeida Agostinho , Santos Cristina , Delerue-Matos Cristina , Calhau Conceição , Domingues Valentina F.
Published: September 2023

Exposure to environmental chemicals during developmental stages can result in several adverse outcomes. In this study, the exposure of Portuguese children to Cu, Co, I, Mo, Mn, Ni, As, Sb, Cd, Pb, Sn and Tl was evaluated through the analysis of first morning urine through ICP-MS. Furthermore, we attempted to determine possible exposure predictors. The study sample consisted of 54% girls and 46% boys, with a median age of 10 years; 61% were overweight/obese and were put on a nutritionally oriented diet. For I, half of the population was probably in deficiency status. The median urinary concentrations (μg/L) were Cu 21.9, Mo 54.6, Co 0.76, Mn 2.1, Ni 4.74, As 37.9, Sb 0.09, Cd 0.29, Pb 0.94, Sn 0.45, Tl 0.39 and I 125.5. The region was a significant predictor for Cu, Co, Ni, As and Tl. Children living in an urban area had higher urinary levels, except for Co and Ni. Age was a significant predictor for Cu, I, Mo, Mn, Ni, Sb, Cd and Sn with urinary levels of these elements decreasing with age. No sex-related differences were observed. Diet and weight group were predictors for urinary Cu, Mn, Ni, Sb and As. Significant differences were observed between the diet/weight groups for Cu, Ni, Sb and As, with the healthy diet group presenting higher values.
Effects of Fungicides and Nontarget Pesticides on Accumulation of the Mycotoxin Deoxynivlenol in Wheat
Authors: Ju Chao , Jiang Fan , Gao Yuan , Chen Tongwu , Cao Jiakuo , Lv Junbo , Zhao Yanxiang , Zheng Yongquan , Guo Wei , Huang Jinguang
Published: September 2023

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is an important virulence factor of the Fusarium head blight of wheat and threatens the health of humans. The effect of fungicides on DON production after stressing wheat to produce H2O2 and the effect of nontarget pesticides on DON accumulation are largely unknown. Five pesticides were selected to explore the effect of pesticide-induced oxidative stress on DON production in vitro and in vivo. Epoxiconazole and hexaconazole significantly induced an increase in H2O2 in vitro, and H2O2 further stimulated the production of DON and the expression of the Tri5 gene. Imidacloprid, isoproturon, and mesosulfuron-methyl had no direct effect in vitro. All pesticides activated the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in wheat and caused the excessive accumulation of H2O2. However, excessive H2O2 did not stimulate the accumulation of DON. Imidacloprid indirectly stimulated the production of DON in vivo, which may be due to its impact on the secondary metabolism of wheat. In brief, pesticide-induced H2O2 in vitro is an important factor in stimulating DON production, but the stressed physiological H2O2 in wheat is not sufficient to stimulate DON production. The bioaccumulation results indicated that imidacloprid and epoxiconazole increase the risk of DON contamination, especially under field spraying conditions.
COVID-19’s Impact on Medical Staff Wellbeing: Investigating Trauma and Resilience in a Longitudinal Study—Are Doctors Truly Less Vulnerable Than Nurses?
Authors: Mendlovic Joseph , Haklay Idan , Elliott Roxanne , Lahad Mooli
Published: September 2023

This study examines the psychological repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on a medical team in an Israeli general hospital. The research explores the professional quality of life, burnout symptoms, secondary traumatic stress, and mindfulness among team members across three distinct phases of the pandemic. Analysis was conducted for different subgroups based on job roles and seniority, allowing for an evaluation of the phase-specific effects on ProQOL (Professional Quality of Life) and mindfulness. Results align with established crisis trajectories: honeymoon/heroic phases, inventory, disillusionment, and recovery. As a result of the prolonged pandemic and the need to change shifts and recruit staff to deal with the affected patients, it is an accumulative study not following the same person but the same ward and the same hospital. The findings suggest a negative correlation between compassion satisfaction and burnout, as well as between mindfulness and burnout/secondary traumatic stress. Unlike most studies, healthcare workers (HCWs) were less affected than doctors in all measures. This study highlights doctors’ vulnerability and underscores hospital management’s key role in promoting effective support for professional quality of life. This is especially important for male doctors facing distinct well-being challenges.
High-Speed Laser Drying of Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Fink Samuel , Demir Delil , Börner Markus , Göken Vinzenz , Vedder Christian
Published: September 2023

In modern electrode manufacturing for lithium-ion batteries, the drying of the electrode pastes consumes a considerable amount of space and energy. To increase the efficiency of the drying process and reduce the footprint of the drying equipment, a laser-based drying process is investigated. Evaporation rates of up to 318 g m−2 s−1 can be measured, which is orders of magnitude higher than the evaporation rates in conventional furnace drying processes. Optical measurements of the slurry components in the visible and near-infrared spectrum are conducted. Thermal analyses the of laser-dried samples reveal that the commonly used binders carboxymethyl-cellulose (CMC) and styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) are not affected by the laser drying process within the investigated process window. The results indicated that with the combination of a fast laser drying step and a subsequent convection drying step, high evaporation rates can be achieved while maintaining the integrity and adhesion of the anode.
Alternative anticoagulation during extracorporeal detoxification
Authors:   FSAEI HE N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Rodoman G. V. ,   SBHI City Clinical Hospital No. 24 of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia, Shalaeva Т. I. ,   FSAEI HE N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow; SBHI City Clinical Hospital No. 24 of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia, Golubeva Yu. Yu. ,   FSAEI HE N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Misikov Z. F. ,   SBHI City Clinical Hospital No. 24 of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2023

The role of heparin anticoagulation in the development of hemorrhagic syndrome after extracorporeal detoxification (ECD) procedures in patients with initial hemostasis disorders, as well as the place of alternative citrate anticoagulation in extracorporeal treatment have not yet received a final assessment and require further study. The aim of this work was to compare the results of treatment of patients with severe intoxication using heparin and citrate as anticoagulants during ECD procedures. The conducted study confirms that the use of heparin anticoagulation in ECD leads to a spasmodic progression of the manifestations of DIC that were present before the procedure. Citrate anticoagulation demonstrates the benefits consisting in the absence of a spasmodic increase in coagulopathy, hypofibrinemia, and thrombocytopenia during an ECD session, which is characteristic of the heparin use. However, when ECD is initiated against the background of more severe initial coagulopathy and, interrelatedly, more severe multiple organ failure (MOF), this does not improve treatment outcomes. Moreover, among patients with severe MOF taken for ECD, there was a greater mortality rate and a large proportion of deaths during and immediately after the session when using citrate anticoagulation. Thus, ECD procedures with citrate anticoagulation may have a negative impact on the condition of patients who already have severe MOF and severe coagulopathy. This risk may be associated with metabolic disorders, especially dangerous in such severe patients, and does not outweigh the risk of an increase in hemostasis disorders characteristic of heparin anticoagulation. Probably, ECD with citrate anticoagulation has to be carried out at an earlier stage of the disease, and in cases of severe MOF already present in the patient, it is advisable to use traditional heparin anticoagulation.
Non-use of arable land as a reflection of the problems in agricultural production
Authors:   Land Management Department of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Omsk State Agrarian University, Omsk, Rogatnev Y.M. , Ryzhova I.S. ,   Land Management Department of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Omsk State Agrarian University, Omsk
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the processes and state of agriculture, land quality and natural conditions leading to the non-use of arable land. The authors analyzed the situation in the Omsk region and the reflection of this phenomenon by various government structures. In this paper the authors propose to use the analysis as a preliminary procedure before conducting a land inventory and instrumental identification of such lands.
NATURE OF INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS UNDER THE MODERN CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Sarbash S. ,   Mariupol State University
Published: September 2023

The article is an attempt to study the nature of international conflicts and their impact on economic development and growth under the modern conditions of global environment. The author is trying to systematize and generalize the economic theories and strategies of safe development in conformity with logically consistent and historical evolution, emphasizing that the nature of international conflicts is determined by the relations of property distribution, resource interests and dependence, by the level of socio-economic development and growth, ecological discrimination, territorial disputes, etc. It is emphasized that the evolution of internal and external threats countries are faced by is also of great importance, since military costs may negatively affect the economic growth. However, in front of external threats, military costs may promote the economic growth as well. Otherworldly, on the one hand, a conflict is a specific tool of appropriating welfare, since it is inseparably connected with using the resources of captured territories, appropriating stolen property, capital investments and consumer goods, historical and historical values as well as with slavery. On the other hand, a conflict may acquire features of a business concerned with buying weapons, recruiting, training personnel, logistics and delivery chains, implementing R&D projects and innovations, obtaining economic benefits from activities carried out by military companies, etc. Revealing regional peculiarities of international conflicts’ development, scientific research of international conflicts in modern global environment promotes improvement of the available regional safety complexes. Key words: conflict, international conflict, globalization, global environment, economic growth.
GLOBAL INSTABILITY THROUGH THE PRISM OF FINANCIAL, FISCAL AND MONETARY DOMINATION: DILLEMAS OF REGULATORY POLICY ON THE INTERNATIONAL SCALE
Authors: Shlapak A. ,   Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University
Published: September 2023

The article argues that the uniqueness of the manifestations of global instability in 2023 lies in the combination of challenges facing regulators in the monetary, fiscal and financial spheres, caused by a set of measures to stimulate economic activity countercyclically in response to the pandemic, which had a significant and unconditionally systemic effect, which affected on the growth of inflationary pressure on the world economy and the formation of signs of a recession in the leading centers of economic power. Despite the fact that as the crisis worsens, more and more attention will be paid to the activities of SIFI, it will not be possible to shift responsibility for the stability of the global financial system solely to financial regulators, because the easing of monetary and fiscal policies in recent years has created the basis for exacerbating the problem of dominance in three dimensions at once - monetary, fiscal, financial. In the context of the study of the phenomenon of financial dominance, the policy of financial repression aimed at facilitating the servicing of public debt, which allows the government to receive additional funds, but slows down economic growth, is considered. Financial repression is a manifestation of regulatory competition that can affect how the market handles economic shocks. The analysis of global instability through the prism of the phenomena of financial, fiscal and monetary dominance made it possible to characterize the problems of regulatory policy on an international scale. The analysis carried out will contribute to the formation of a consensus position on the way that can help to structure the various institutional and managerial mechanisms associated with macroprudential policy. The study will contribute to the solidarity of views on the independence, accountability and transparency of macroprudential regulators, as well as issues that should be dealt with by fiscal and monetary authorities in an attempt to reach a compromise in determining the objectives of economic policy on the part of the Central Bank and the government, depending on the level of its debt and fiscal load, and also depending on the structure of its national financial market. Keywords: macroprudential policy, fiscal policy, monetary policy, financial market, financial dominance, fiscal dominance, monetary dominance, Central Banks
Solidarity in the Context of Migration: A Philosophical Perspective
Authors: BARTH Grzegorz
Published: September 2023

Solidarity is a permanent component of social life. In this sense, it becomes a transformative value that clearly connects people and their projects with others. The current situation in the world sharpens the issue of human solidarity. War, migration crises, aggressive globalization, territorial elitism, consumerism, populism, and the ideologization of social discourse lead to the distortion or elimination of the idea of solidarity. Nowadays, there are multi-level and multi-directional changes and transformations in individual and social ethos. Therefore, understanding solidarity requires an analysis of the context in which it is applied, as well as basic scientific assumptions. The article addresses this issue in the context of migration. It consists of three main elements: 1/ Firstly, it explains the philosophical phenomenon of solidarity as a very complex and multi-faceted individual and social reality; 2/ It portrays solidarity as a European virtue and value, which today seems to be experiencing certain difficulties in the EU’s migration policy, particularly revealed by the refugee crisis; 3/ It presents several ways of reflecting on solidarity in the light of representatives of contemporary philosophy and theoreticians of political thought (H.G. Gadamer, J. Dean, A. Grimmel, J. Tischner). These proposals can become an opportunity and a call to reflect on solidarity in times of its axiological and actual deficit.
Application of the Topsis Method in Selecting the Best Laying Chicken Feed
Authors: Nami Lanni Putri
Published: September 2023

A person's limited ability in a particular field makes them think hard about getting a job that can fulfill their daily needs.  Now many people are starting to try to switch to the world of animal husbandry. One of them is raising chickens to take their eggs. Choosing good laying hen feed is a very important main factor, especially for consumption by laying hens. Therefore, a decision support system was designed in selecting the best laying hen feed using the Techinique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method.  The TOPSIS method is an approach that determines solutions based on the closest distance from the positive ideal solution and the furthest distance from the negative ideal solution in order to obtain the optimal alternative. The result achieved is that the system is able to show which laying hen feed has the best quality which will become laying hen feed for laying hen breeders based on predetermined criteria so that Sinar Animal Husbandry can easily determine the best laying hen feed . The results of calculations using the Topsis method showed that alternative A3, namely HI-PRO-VITE 124, had the highest value with an alternative value of 0.6568
A mediação pedagógica, o conflito escolar e o itinerário educativo como ausência e potência nas políticas públicas educacionais
Authors: Pinelli Ribeiro Cleberson , Santana Novais Gercina
Published: September 2023

Como figuram a mediação pedagógica, o conflito escolar e o itinerário educativo na política educacional brasileira? Qual matriz epistemológica orienta a inclusão desses conceitos nos documentos, programas e leis direcionados à educação? Essas perguntas objetivam apontar o quanto os profissionais da educação são lançados a termos que pressupõem definições ancoradas em suas práticas pedagógicas e que por vezes não se sabe se os fundamentos dos conceitos em questão são resultados de uma concepção teórico-prática comum ou se são a expressão personificada, de um governo, por exemplo.  Metodologicamente, foi feita uma pesquisa documental, com enfoque qualitativo. Em linhas gerais não há o registro de definições por parte daqueles que formularam os documentos analisados, exceto, no Caderno de Formação da Escola da Escolha, em que a mediação pedagógica tem sua definição e matriz epistemológica apresentadas a partir da pedagogia histórico crítica, com alusão direta a Vygotsky.
Autopercepción de la alfabetización digital en la comunicación y gestión del conocimiento
Authors: Jácome Encalada Sofía Haydeé , Sánchez Vera Maria del Mar
Published: September 2023

La investigación tuvo por objetivo determinar la autopercepción de la alfabetización digital en la comunicación y gestión del conocimiento de profesores de la Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Guayaquil, Ecuador. Para ello se asumió el enfoque cuantitativo con nivel descriptivo, diseño de campo, no experimental y transversal. La muestra fue de 74 docentes de esta Facultad, durante el primer período de 2023, empleando un cuestionario de 42 ítems distribuidos en nueve dimensiones. Los resultados develaron el nivel de dominio de las competencias digitales en las áreas de alfabetización digital y de comunicación que auto perciben los docentes e identificar de qué manera gestionan el conocimiento entre la comunidad educativa. En conclusión, estos docentes poseen un intermedio nivel de competencias digitales que les permite gestionar del conocimiento e información digital, lo cual tiene la posibilidad de influir de forma favorable en la calidad de la educación superior de Ecuador.
The Singapore method as a determinant strategy for the learning of fractional numbers in elementary school students
Authors: Cuasapud Morocho Jeniffer Johanna , Maiguashca Quintana Milagros
Published: September 2023

The Singapore method within the educational environment is of great importance, since it allows to start from the concrete to the abstract in a way that facilitates the acquisition of knowledge in the student, which is why in the area of mathematics it is necessary to reinforce the logical, analytical and practical domain. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the incidence of the Singapore method in the learning of fractional numbers in students of basic general education in Ecuador. However, for the development of the work, the deductive method was used, in the same way, this was supported by a documentary research based on a qualitative approach. On the other hand, the results showed that the scarce use of concrete material and graphics by the teacher hinders problem solving, generating a low performance in this area, this was evidenced thanks to the results obtained from the PISA tests, where it was shown that Latin America is below the performance level, since none reaches 494 points for mathematics. Finally, this method promotes the optimal development of knowledge, skills and attitudes of the student, as it develops mathematical thinking.
La constitución y las variaciones en el acceso a los fondos documentales del Archivo Provincial de la Memoria de Santa Fe, Argentina
Authors: Schenquer Laura , Vega Natalia , Alonso Luciano
Published: September 2023

En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar las diferentes etapas y derivas de la documentación producida por agencias gubernamentales de control y vigilancia en circuitos de información e inteligencia de la Provincia de Santa Fe (Argentina), reunida en el Archivo Provincial de la Memoria. Dicho repositorio fue creado por Decreto Provincial N° 2775/2006 y contiene el “Fondo Documental Dirección de Informaciones y Central de Inteligencia” (1966-1993), el “Fondo Documental Policía Provincial” (1963-1984) el que está siendo permanentemente ampliado por la incorporación de material proveniente de distintos hallazgos y secuestros y el “Fondo Documental Servicio Penitenciario” (1956-1992), entre otros.

Proponemos historizar los cambios en la gestión de esos fondos documentales desde antes incluso de la constitución formal de la institución archivística. Trazamos esa historización con fuentes orales y escritas, teniendo en cuenta la dimensión política en las escalas nacional y provincial y las políticas reparatorias y memoriales, con el propósito de responder a los siguientes interrogantes: ¿cuál fue la trayectoria de cada uno de los fondos que componen el Archivo Provincial de la Memoria? Y ¿de qué criterios dependieron las políticas de acceso de los diversos públicos?
Uriarte, J. (2020). The Desertmakers. Travel, War, and the State in Latin America. Routledge: New York, 306 páginas.
Authors: Obando-Orozco Andrés Ernesto
Published: September 2023

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