bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Project Management System of Prefabricated Bridge of Jinzhai Road Viaduct South Extension in Hefei Based on Cloud Platform
Authors: Zhao Weishu
Published: January 2022

In the context of the continuous economic growth of the country, engineering project investment and construction are now transforming from rough to lean. It is urgent to optimize information technology, standardize project management mode, and improve project efficiency. At the same time, the integration of industrialization and informatization requires a deep combination, and the engineering field can exploit the pain points of project management, build an intelligent construction system, and drive the lean construction and management of engineering projects by data, on the one hand promoting the transformation and upgrading of the engineering industry to achieve smart and green sustainable development goals and on the other hand exploring smart city construction with engineering thinking to promote the healthy operation of cities. Taking the south extension of viaduct of Jinzhai Road in Hefei as an example, this paper combines BIM, Internet of Things, and other technologies to build a cloud platform-based prefabricated bridge project management system and promotes the promotion role of cloud computing, Internet of Things, BIM, and other information technologies on prefabricated bridge construction projects.
Attacker Traceability on Ethereum through Graph Analysis
Authors: Zhu Hang , Niu Weina , Liao Xuhan , Zhang Xiaosong , Wang Xiaofen , Li Beibei , He Zheyuan
Published: January 2022

Since the Ethereum virtual machine is Turing complete, Ethereum can implement various complex logics such as mutual calls and nested calls between functions. Therefore, Ethereum has suffered a lot of attacks since its birth, and there are still many attackers active in Ethereum transactions. To this end, we propose a traceability method on Ethereum, using graph analysis to track attackers. We collected complete user transaction data to construct the graph and analyzed data on several harmful attacks, including reentry attacks, short address attacks, DDoS attacks, and Ponzi contracts. Through graph analysis, we found accounts that are strongly associated with these attacks and are still active. We have done a systematic analysis of these accounts to analyze their threats. Finally, we also analyzed the correlation between the information collected through RPC and these accounts and finally found that some accounts can find their IP addresses.
A Double-Layer Image Encryption Scheme Based on Chaotic Maps and DNA Strand Displacement
Authors: Tang Zhen , Yin Zhixiang , Wang Risheng , Wang Xiyuan , Yang Jing , Cui Jianzhong
Published: January 2022

The image encryption schemes combining chaotic maps, DNA coding, and DNA sequence operation can effectively protect the image. In this paper, a double-layer image encryption scheme is proposed by combining chaotic maps with DNA strand displacement (DSD). Chaotic maps are used to generate pseudorandom sequences and perform routine scrambling and diffusion operations on the plaintext image. We propose three DSD-based encryption rules according to the diversity of DNA strand displacement, and these three encryption rules are used to encrypt the image at the DNA sequence level. The plaintext image can be transformed into the cipher image, which is difficult to be recognized without the correct keys through the double-layer encryption at the level of chaotic maps and DNA. Simulation results and security analysis show that the proposed encryption scheme can effectively protect image information and resist conventional information attacks.
miR-204-5p Hampers Breast Cancer Malignancy and Affects the Cell Cycle by Targeting PRR11
Authors: Su Qunxue , Shen Hao , Gu Bei , Zhu Ning
Published: January 2022

Purpose. To unravel mechanisms of miR-204-5p in breast cancer (BC) cells. Methods. miR-204-5p expression level in BC cell lines was measured by qRT-PCR. Putative binding sites of miR-204-5p on the 3

′

-untranslated region of PRR11 were predicted by the bioinformatics method and verified by the dual-luciferase method. Protein and mRNA levels of PRR11 in BC were determined by western blot and qRT-PCR. The association between two genes was analyzed by correlation analysis. Cancer cell functions were evaluated through CCK8, flow cytometry, and Transwell approaches. Results. Significant downregulation of miR-204-5p was observed in BC tissue and cells. Cell functional experiments showed the inhibition of miR-204-5p on cell behaviors and cell cycle. PRR11 was the downstream target of miR-204-5p. Inhibition of RPP11 could reverse the impacts of the miR-204-5p inhibitor on cell functions of BC. Conclusion. Our study revealed that the miR-204-5p/PRPP11 axis suppressed BC progression, which may provide a novel insight into the regulatory roles of miR-204-5p.
Qualitative Analysis of a Hyperchaotic Lorenz-Stenflo Mathematical Model via the Caputo Fractional Operator
Authors: Deressa Chernet Tuge , Etemad Sina , Kaabar Mohammed K. A. , Rezapour Shahram
Published: January 2022

The Lorenz-Stenflo mathematical model describes a complex dynamical behavior related to atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves. In this study, qualitative analysis of the four-dimensional hyperchaotic Lorenz-Stenflo system via the Caputo fractional derivative is implemented. By using the Matignon stability criterion, the local stability analysis of the system showed that all the equilibrium points of the system are locally unstable. Calculation of the Lyapunov exponents along with the relevant bifurcation diagrams with respect to different fractional orders exposed the hyperchaotic dynamical behavior for the system. Bifurcation diagrams for all the four parameters in the system also showed the hyperchaotic nature of the Lorenz-Stenflo system. Different phase attractors of the system corresponding to different fractional derivatives and parameters are presented to specify the dynamical nature of the system. The Lorenz-Stenflo system showed sensitivity to initial conditions. The master and slave systems showed a strong correlation among themselves, as verified by graphs of time series solutions of the two systems.
A Double-Layered Belief Rule Base Model for Driving Anger Detection Using Human, Vehicle, and Environment Characteristics: A Naturalistic Experimental Study
Authors: Wan Ping , Deng Xinyan , Yan Lixin , Jing Xiaowei , Peng Liqun , Wang Xu
Published: January 2022

“Road rage,” namely, driving anger, has been becoming increasingly common in auto era. As “road rage” has serious negative impact on road safety, it has attracted great concern to relevant scholar, practitioner, and governor. This study aims to propose a model to effectively and efficiently detect driving anger states with different intensities for taking targeted intervening measures in intelligent connected vehicles. Forty-two private car drivers were enrolled to conduct naturalistic experiments on a predetermined and busy route in Wuhan, China, where drivers’ anger can be induced by various incentive events like weaving/cutting in line, jaywalking, and traffic congestion. Then, a data-driven model based on double-layered belief rule base is proposed according to the accumulation of the naturalistic experiments data. The proposed model can be used to effectively detect different driving anger states as a function of driver characteristics, vehicle motion, and driving environments. The study results indicate that average accuracy of the proposed model is 82.52% for all four-intensity driving anger states (none, low, medium, and high), which is 1.15%, 1.52%, 3.53%, 5.75%, and 7.42%, higher than C4.5, BPNN, NBC, SVM, and kNN, respectively. Moreover, the runtime ratio of the proposed model is superior to that of those models except for C4.5. Hence, the proposed model can be implemented in connected intelligent vehicle for detecting driving anger states in real time.
Computing the Energy and Estrada Index of Different Molecular Structures
Authors: Mufti Zeeshan Saleem , Anjum Rukhshanda , Xin Qin , Tchier Fairouz , Anwar-ul-Haq Iram , Gaba Yaé Ulrich
Published: January 2022

Graph energy is an invariant that is derived from the spectrum of the adjacency matrix of a graph. Graph energy is actually the absolute sum of all the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of a graph i.e.

E
=

∑

i
=
1

n

λ

i

, and the Estrada index of a graph

G

is elaborated as

EE

G

=

∑

i
=
1

n

e

λ

i

, where,

λ

1

,

λ

2

,
…
,

λ

n

are the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of a graph. In this paper, energy

E

G

and Estrada index

EE

G

of different molecular structures are obtained and also established inequalities among the exact and estimated values of energies and Estrada index of

TUC

4

C

8

nanosheet and naphthalene.
Study on Management of Blood Transfusion Therapy in Patients with Hereditary Spherocytosis
Authors: Ma Shiyue , Tang Lingjian , Wu Chaoli , Tang Hui , Pu Xue , Niu Jinhong
Published: January 2022

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a chronic hemolytic disorder caused by inherited defects in the red blood cell membrane. This study discusses the treatment strategy for the decline in hemoglobin level in three HS probands with moderately severe or severe hemolysis and summarizes the appropriate laboratory tests that help improve clinical management of blood transfusion in HS patients. Three probands who were diagnosed with HS in our hospital and their family members were included in this study. Clinical data of the three families were reviewed to summarize their hematopoietic characteristics. DNA from all family members of the 3 HS probands was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced by the Sanger method to assess genetic relation for HS. Based on the sequencing results, the type of mutated membrane protein in each proband was analyzed using the eosin-5

′

-maleimide (EMA) binding test and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The hemoglobin level was reduced in all 3 probands after different levels of infection. The fluorescence of EMA-labeled red blood cell (RBC) was decreased. DNA sequencing showed that His54Pro, Leu1858Val, and 6531-12C>T compound heterozygous mutations were present in the SPTA1 gene of patient I-1, Arg344Gln and c.609+86G>A heterozygous mutations were present in the SLC4A1 gene of patient II-1, and Leu2032Pro homozygous mutation was present in the SPTB gene of patient III-1. SDS-PAGE results demonstrated that the concentration of band 3 was reduced in II-1, whereas the levels of the corresponding mutant proteins in the other probands were unchanged. The family members of the respective patients presented mutations in major genes causing HS. The Leu2032Pro mutation identified in patient III-1 is a new missense mutation of the SPTB gene in the Chinese population that has never been reported in literature previously. The presence or absence of acute or chronic infections is a critical deciding factor for the treatment and clinical management of HS patient via blood transfusion. For patients with infections, hemoglobin concentration can be restored once the infection is controlled, thus obviating the need for proper infection control before blood transfusion.
Digital Development Strategy of Agricultural Planting and Breeding Enterprises Based on Intelligent Sensors
Authors: Zhang Jincheng
Published: January 2022

The digitalization of agricultural planting and breeding enterprises is the only way for agricultural development. Now with the development of various technologies, the digitalization of agricultural enterprises is becoming faster and faster. Today, the development of intelligent sensors provides platform support for the digitalization of agricultural enterprises. This article is aimed at introducing the application of intelligent sensors in agriculture to provide strategic research for the digital development of agricultural planting and breeding enterprises. This paper proposes the establishment of a system platform for network intelligent sensors and proposes the establishment of an agricultural short message management publishing platform. And the existing public information transmission methods are used to provide a cheap, simple, and fast way for agricultural producers to quickly obtain agricultural information, so as to provide a feasible plan for solving the agricultural “last mile of agriculture” problem. After inspection and analysis, the information management release platform can meet the design requirements, and the processing rate of short-term interest is above 98%, which can pave the way for the digital industrialization of agricultural enterprises.
The Reliability Model for Bike‐Sharing Dispatch Based on Hotspot Detection and Hypothesis Test: A Case Study in Beijing
Authors: Sun Chao , Lu Jian
Published: January 2022

In this article, a novel reliability model for bike‐sharing dispatch is established using a hypothesis test. Based on the bike‐sharing trajectory data from hotspot detection, we first perform the kernel density analysis to identify the dispatch points. As a result, a buffer area of 500 meters radius is designated as the studied dispatch area. From a systematic perspective, the reliability of the dispatch system is user‐oriented during an ideal period when shared bikes constantly enter and leave the area. We propose the performance function of bike‐sharing dispatch, in which the difference between origin and destination (OD) is defined as the main parameter of the failure probability of the system. By adopting different distribution forms, including Poisson distribution, Rayleigh distribution, exponential distribution, normal distribution, and gamma distribution, we examine the distribution characteristics of OD differences. The maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) technique is applied for model calibration, and chi‐squared statistics are used to identify the acceptance of the null hypothesis. Finally, we take Beijing city as a case to verify this model. The results show that among many distribution models, the fitting goodness of normal distribution is the best. According to the properties and parameters of the distribution functions, we solve the dispatch scale for bike sharing at different confidence levels, allowing the dispatch strategy to be more flexible. Moreover, we find that the variation of dispatch quantity across different time periods and locations follows a systematic fluctuating trend.
EST–SSR Marker Development and Full-Length Transcriptome Sequence Analysis of Tiger Lily (Lilium lancifolium Thunb)
Authors: Sun Mingwei , Zhao Yilian , Shao Xiaobin , Ge Jintao , Tang Xueyan , Zhu Pengbo , Wang Jiangying , Zhao Tongli
Published: January 2022

The fast advancement and deployment of sequencing technologies after the Human Genome Project have greatly increased our knowledge of the eukaryotic genome sequences. However, due to technological concerns, high-quality genomic data has been confined to a few key organisms. Moreover, our understanding of which portions of genomes make up genes and which transcript isoforms synthesize these genes is scarce. Therefore, the current study has been designed to explore the reliability of the tiger lily (Lilium lancifolium Thunb) transcriptome. The PacBio-SMRT was used for attaining the complete transcriptomic profile. We obtained a total of 815,624 CCS (Circular Consensus Sequence) reads with an average length of 1295 bp. The tiger lily transcriptome has been sequenced for the first time using third-generation long-read technology. Furthermore, unigenes (38,707), lncRNAs (6852), and TF members (768) were determined based on the transcriptome data, followed by evaluating SSRs (3319). It has also been revealed that 105 out of 128 primer pairs effectively amplified PCR products. Around 15,608 transcripts were allocated to 25 distinct KOG Clusters, and 10,706 unigenes were grouped into 52 functional categories in the annotated transcripts. Until now, no tiger lily lncRNAs have been discovered. Results of this study may serve as an extensive set of reference transcripts and help us learn more about the transcriptomes of tiger lilies and pave the path for further research.
Tooth Loss after Jaw Curettage Surgery: Associated Factors and Potential Benefit of Splint Application
Authors: Qin Zeman , Cao Haotian , Xu Yongqian , Chen Rui , Li Zhuoying , Huang Zhuoshan , Zheng Meihua , Wang Youyuan , Chen Wei-liang
Published: January 2022

Background. This retrospective study is aimed at (I) assessment of tooth loss and related parameters after jaw curettage of benign lesions and (II) assessment of the outcome of jaw curettage supported by splint insertion after at least six months of follow-up. Material and Methods. For (I), patients who had jaw curettage surgery in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, China) from July 2015 to June 2019 were included. For part (II), consecutive patients who came to the department from July to December 2019 that were additionally treated with dental splinting were involved in this study. Based on the patient records, age, gender, initial tooth mobility, follow-up outcome, and potential tooth loss (intra- or postoperatively) were recorded. Based on available radiographs, alveolar crest bone loss and root surface area supported by bone (RSA) were determined. Results. (I) 128 patients with 305 teeth were included, of which 40 teeth were lost (success rate 86.9%), without statistical difference in gender, age, or tooth type (

P
>
0.05

). Tooth mobility, RSA, and the presence of alveolar crest bone defects were associated to tooth loss (

P
<
0.001

). (II) 17 patients with a medium follow-up period of 11 months (range 9 to 13 months) were enrolled. All lesion-involving teeth supported by splint treatment at risks of loss were preserved, showing an effective tooth retention rate in 17/17 cases (74/74 teeth, success rate: 100%). Conclusions. Tooth mobility and bone loss (lesion-related and/or periodontal) are potential risk predictors for tooth loss in the first year after jaw curettage surgery. Dental splints could be recommendable for teeth involved by jaw benign lesions with little bone support.
Cases of Ultrasound-Diagnosed Right Aortic Arch with Right Arterial Duct and the Treatment
Authors: Li Xu , Jiamin Luo , Junmei Wang
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to discuss the value of ultrasound to diagnose right aortic arch with right arterial duct. A retrospective analysis of fetal echocardiography characteristics of 10 fetuses who were diagnosed as right aortic arch with right arterial duct from December 2016 to March 2021 is made, and focus is put on the relationship between the aortic arch and arterial duct, and the position of aortic arch, arterial duct arch and trachea on the three vessels and trachea view (3VT). As a result, all 10 cases with right aortic arch and right arterial duct do not show aberrant left subclavian artery, and aortic arch with arterial duct are still connected as “V-shaped”, and do not get vascular rings. In conclusion, 3VT can simply and clearly detect the right aortic arch, and the key to diagnosing the right aortic arch and right arterial duct is thorough inspection of the aortic arch, arterial duct, and trachea in their respective positions.
Optimal Decisions for Contract Farming under Weather Risk
Authors: Wang Xinping , Sun Shengnan
Published: January 2022

Weather risk causes uncertain crop yield and price and further influences the willingness of farmers to participate in contract farming and honour the contract. In this study, we investigate the optimal decisions for contract farming between a profit‐maximizing manufacturer and multiple identical farmers under weather risk, using a game‐theoretical approach. We discuss two different cases. In the first case, the manufacturer sets a contract price to ensure farmers to honour the contract under any weather condition. While in the second case, the manufacturer sets a lower contract price only to guarantee that farmers will not renege under certain weather condition but has a second chance to purchase products from the reneged farmers at a renegotiated price. We derive the optimal decisions of the manufacturer in both cases and show that the manufacturer gains much more profits in the second case, and therefore, the decisions in the second case are optimal. Moreover, we numerically investigate the sensitivity of the effectiveness of contract farming and the manufacturer’s optimal decisions to model parameters and get more managerial implications.
Federated Learning Incentive Mechanism Design via Enhanced Shapley Value Method
Authors: Yang Xun , Tan Weijie , Peng Changgen , Xiang Shuwen , Niu Kun
Published: January 2022

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging collaborative machine learning method. In FL processing, the data quality shared by users directly affects the accuracy of the federated learning model, and how to encourage more data owners to share data is crucial. In other words, how to design a good incentive mechanism is the key problem in FL. In this paper, we propose an incentive mechanism based on the enhanced Shapley value method for FL. In the proposed mechanism, the enhanced Shapley value method is proposed to measure income distribution, which takes multiple influence factors as weights. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to find the corresponding weight value of the influence factors. Finally, the numerical experiments are carried to verify the performance of the proposed incentive mechanism. The results show that compared with the Shapley value method considering the single factor, the income distribution of all participants can better reflect multiple factor contribution when using the enhanced Shapley value method.
Examining Rural–Urban Differences in Fatalism and Information Overload: Data from 12 NCI-Designated Cancer Centers
Authors: Jensen Jakob D. , Shannon Jackilen , Iachan Ronaldo , Deng Yangyang , Kim Sunny Jung , Demark-Wahnefried Wendy , Faseru Babalola , Paskett Electra D. , Hu Jinxiang , Vanderpool Robin C. , Lazovich DeAnn , Mendoza Jason A. , Shete Sanjay , Robertson Linda B. , Balkrishnan Rajesh , Briant Katherine J. , Haaland Benjamin , Haggstrom David A. , Fuemmeler Bernard F.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Rural populations experience a disproportionate cancer burden relative to urban populations. One possibility is that rural populations are more likely to hold counterproductive cancer beliefs such as fatalism and information overload that undermine prevention and screening behaviors.

Methods:

Between 2016 and 2020, 12 U.S. cancer centers surveyed adults in their service areas using online and in-person survey instruments. Participants (N = 10,362) were designated as rural (n = 3,821) or urban (n = 6,541). All participants were 18 and older (M = 56.97, SD = 16.55), predominately non-Hispanic White (81%), and female (57%). Participants completed three items measuring cancer fatalism (“It seems like everything causes cancer,” “There's not much you can do to lower your chances of getting cancer,” and “When I think about cancer, I automatically think about death”) and one item measuring cancer information overload (“There are so many different recommendations about preventing cancer, it's hard to know which ones to follow”).

Results:

Compared with urban residents, rural residents were more likely to believe that (i) everything causes cancer (OR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.17–1.43); (ii) prevention is not possible (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.19–1.51); and (iii) there are too many different recommendations about cancer prevention (OR = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.13–1.41), and cancer is always fatal (OR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11–1.33).

Conclusions:

Compared with their urban counterparts, rural populations exhibited higher levels of cancer fatalism and cancer information overload.

Impact:

Future interventions targeting rural populations should account for higher levels of fatalism and information overload.
ASCEND-7: Efficacy and Safety of Ceritinib Treatment in Patients with ALK-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastatic to the Brain and/or Leptomeninges
Authors: Chow Laura Q.M. , Barlesi Fabrice , Bertino Erin M. , van den Bent Martin J. , Wakelee Heather A. , Wen Patrick Y. , Chiu Chao-Hua , Orlov Sergey , Chiari Rita , Majem Margarita , McKeage Mark , Yu Chong-Jen , Garrido Pilar , Hurtado Felipe K. , Arratia Pilar Cazorla , Song Yuanbo , Branle Fabrice , Shi Michael , Kim Dong-Wan
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

Central nervous system metastases are a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with ALK-positive (ALK+) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The phase II ASCEND-7 (NCT02336451) study was specifically designed to assess the efficacy and safety of the ALK inhibitor (ALKi) ceritinib in patients with ALK+ NSCLC metastatic to the brain and/or leptomeninges.

Patients and Methods:

Patients with active brain metastases were allocated to study arms 1 to 4 based on prior exposure to an ALKi and/or prior brain radiation (arm 1: prior radiotherapy/ALKi-pretreated; arm 2: no radiotherapy/ALKi-pretreated; arm 3: prior radiotherapy/ALKi-naïve; arm 4: no radiotherapy/ALKi-naïve). Arm 5 included patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Patients received ceritinib 750 mg once daily (fasted condition). Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed whole-body overall response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included disease control rate (DCR) and intracranial/extracranial responses.

Results:

Per investigator assessment, in arms 1 (n = 42), 2 (n = 40), 3 (n = 12), and 4 (n = 44), respectively: whole-body ORRs [95% confidence interval (CI)] were 35.7% (21.6–52.0), 30.0% (16.6–46.5), 50.0% (21.1–78.9), and 59.1% (43.2–73.7); whole-body DCR (95% CI): 66.7% (50.5–80.4), 82.5% (67.2–92.7), 66.7% (34.9–90.1), and 70.5% (54.8–83.2); intracranial ORRs (95% CI): 39.3% (21.5–59.4), 27.6% (12.7–47.2), 28.6% (3.7–71.0), and 51.5% (33.5–69.2). In arm 5 (n = 18), whole-body ORR was 16.7% (95% CI, 3.6–41.4) and DCR was 66.7% (95% CI, 41.0–86.7). Paired cerebrospinal fluid and plasma sampling revealed that ceritinib penetrated the human blood–brain barrier.

Conclusions:

Ceritinib showed antitumor activity in patients with ALK+ NSCLC with active brain metastases and/or leptomeningeal disease, and could be considered in the management of intracranial disease.

See related commentary by Murciano-Goroff et al., p. 2477
Comparative Analysis and Isoform-Specific Therapeutic Vulnerabilities ofKRASMutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ricciuti Biagio , Son Jieun , Okoro Jeffrey J. , Mira Alessia , Patrucco Enrico , Eum Yoonji , Wang Xinan , Paranal Raymond , Wang Haiyun , Lin Mika , Haikala Heidi M. , Li Jiaqi , Xu Yue , Alessi Joao Victor , Chhoeu Chhayheng , Redig Amanda J. , Köhler Jens , Dholakia Kshiti H. , Chen Yunhan , Richard Elodie , Nokin Marie-Julie , Santamaria David , Gokhale Prafulla C. , Awad Mark M. , Jänne Pasi A. , Ambrogio Chiara
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

Activating missense mutations of KRAS are the most frequent oncogenic driver events in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, KRAS isoforms are highly heterogeneous, and data on the potential isoform-dependent therapeutic vulnerabilities are still lacking.

Experimental Design:

We developed an isogenic cell-based platform to compare the oncogenic properties and specific therapeutic actionability of KRAS-mutant isoforms. In parallel, we analyzed clinicopathologic and genomic data from 3,560 patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to survey allele-specific features associated with oncogenic KRAS mutations.

Results:

In isogenic cell lines expressing different mutant KRAS isoforms, we identified isoform-specific biochemical, biological, and oncogenic properties both in vitro and in vivo. These exclusive features correlated with different therapeutic responses to MEK inhibitors, with KRAS G12C and Q61H mutants being more sensitive compared with other isoforms. In vivo, combined KRAS G12C and MEK inhibition was more effective than either drug alone. Among patients with NSCLCs that underwent comprehensive tumor genomic profiling, STK11 and ATM mutations were significantly enriched among tumors harboring KRAS G12C, G12A, and G12V mutations. KEAP1 mutation was significantly enriched among KRAS G12C and KRAS G13X LUADs. KRAS G13X-mutated tumors had the highest frequency of concurrent STK11 and KEAP1 mutations. Transcriptomic profiling revealed unique patterns of gene expression in each KRAS isoform, compared with KRAS wild-type tumors.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates that KRAS isoforms are highly heterogeneous in terms of concurrent genomic alterations and gene-expression profiles, and that stratification based on KRAS alleles should be considered in the design of future clinical trials.
Lean Mass Loss and Altered Muscular Aerobic Capacity after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Zhou Na , Scoubeau Corentin , Forton Kevin , Loi Patricia , Closset Jean , Deboeck Gael , Moraine Jean-Jacques , Klass Malgorzata , Faoro Vitalie
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Patients undergoing weight loss surgery do not improve their aerobic capacity or peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) after bariatric surgery and some still complain about asthenia and/or breathlessness. We investigated the hypothesis that a post-surgery muscular limitation could impact the ventilatory response to exercise by evaluating the post-surgery changes in muscle mass, strength, and muscular aerobic capacity, measured by the first ventilatory threshold (VT). Methods: Thirteen patients with obesity were referred to our university exercise laboratory before and 6 months after bariatric surgery and were matched by sex, age, and height to healthy subjects with normal weight. All subjects underwent a clinical examination, blood sampling, and body composition assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, respiratory and limb muscle strength assessments, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a cyclo-ergometer. Results: Bariatric surgery resulted in a loss of 34% fat mass, 43% visceral adipose tissue, and 12% lean mass (LM) (p < 0.001). Absolute handgrip, quadriceps, or respiratory muscle strength remained unaffected, while quadriceps/handgrip strength relative to LM increased (p < 0.05). Absolute VO2peak or VO2peak/LM did not improve and the first VT was decreased after surgery (1.4 ± 0.3 vs. 1.1 ± 0.4 L min−1, p < 0.05) and correlated to the exercising LM (LM legs) (R = 0.84, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Although bariatric surgery has numerous beneficial effects, absolute VO2peak does not improve and the weight loss-induced LM reduction is associated to an altered muscular aerobic capacity, as reflected by an early VT triggering early exercise hyperventilation.
A Novel Homozygous KLHL3 Mutation as a Cause of Autosomal Recessive Pseudohypoaldosteronism Type II Diagnosed Late in Life
Authors: Etges Annika , Hellmig Nicole , Walenda Gudrun , Haddad Bassam G. , Machtens Jan-Philipp , Morosan Thomas , Rump Lars Christian , Scholl Ute I.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHA II) is a Mendelian disorder, featuring hyperkalemic acidosis and low plasma renin levels, typically associated with hypertension. Mutations in WNK1, WNK4, CUL3, and KLHL3 cause PHA II, with dominant mutations in WNK1, WNK4, and CUL3 and either dominant or recessive mutations in KLHL3. Fourteen families with recessive KLHL3 mutations have been reported, with diagnosis at the age of 3 months to 56 years, typically in individuals with normal kidney function. Methods: We performed clinical and genetic investigations in a patient with hyperkalemic hypertension and used molecular dynamics simulations, heterologous expression in COS7 cells, and Western blotting to investigate the effect of a KLHL3 candidate disease mutation on WNK4 protein expression. Results: The patient, a 58-year-old woman from a consanguineous family, showed hypertension, persistent hyperkalemic acidosis associated with severe muscle pain, nephrolithiasis, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and coronary heart disease. Therapy with hydrochlorothiazide corrected hyperkalemia, hypertension, and muscle pain. Genetic analysis revealed a homozygous p.Arg431Trp mutation at a highly conserved KLHL3 position. Simulations suggested reduced stability of the mutant protein, which was confirmed by Western blot. Compared with wild-type KLHL3, cotransfection of p.Arg431Trp KLHL3 led to increased WNK4 protein levels, inferred to cause increased NaCl reabsorption via the thiazide-sensitive carrier and PHA II. Conclusions: Even in patients presenting late in life and in the presence of CKD, PHA II should be suspected if renin levels are low and hyperkalemic acidosis and hypertension are inadequate for CKD stage, particularly in the presence of a suspicious family history.
Evaluation of the Effect of Axillary Radiotherapy Dose and the Development of Lymphedema in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Abouegylah Mohamed , Elemary Omnia , Munir Amr , Gouda Mohamed Y. , Arafat Waleed O. , Elzawawy Sherif
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The present study is aiming to correlate different radiotherapy techniques, fractionations, and doses received by each axillary LN level and axillary vessels with the development of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). Methods and Materials: We retrospectively studied 181 female breast cancer patients who were diagnosed and treated by radiation therapy during the period from January 2012 to December 2017. The radiotherapy treatment plans were recalled from the archives. The axillary LN levels I, II, III, supraclavicular LN were contoured as well as axillary vessels. New dose volume histograms were generated to correlate between the radiotherapy dose t and the development of BCRL. Results: The study included 162 patients treated with a 3D radiotherapy technique and 19 treated with a 2D radiotherapy technique; 124 patients underwent MRM, while 57 patients underwent BCS; 117 patients were treated with a hypofractionated technique, while 64 patients were treated with a conventional radiotherapy technique. The cumulative incidence of BCRL after radiotherapy was 20.4%. There was a statistically significant relationship between the 2D radiotherapy technique compared with 3DCRT and development of lymphedema (55 vs. 16.6, respectively; p < 0.001). Patients who were treated with conventional radiotherapy had significantly higher rates of lymphedema (42.2%) compared with hypofractionated radiotherapy (8.5%) (p < 0.001). There was a non-significant relationship between mean radiotherapy dose to axillary levels or axillary vessels and development of lymphedema. Conclusion: Breast cancer radiotherapy with the 2D technique and conventional fractionation protocol might increase the risk of BCRL. No correlation was observed between radiotherapy dose to each axillary LN level, axillary vessels and BCRL.
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Infants and Toddlers: Indications, Placement, Programming, and Outcomes
Authors: Zahedivash Aydin , Hanisch Debra , Dubin Anne M. , Trela Anthony , Chubb Henry , Motonaga Kara S. , Goodyer William Rowland , Maeda Katsuhide , Reinhartz Olaf , Ma Michael , Martin Elisabeth , Ceresnak Scott R.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Limited data exist regarding implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) usage in infants and toddlers. This study evaluates ICD placement indications, procedural techniques, programming strategies, and outcomes of ICDs in infants and toddlers.

Methods:

This is a single-center retrospective review of all patients ≤3 years old who received an ICD from 2009 to 2021.

Results:

Fifteen patients received an ICD at an age of 1.2 years (interquartile range [IQR], 0.1–2.4; 12 [80%] women; weight, 8.2 kg [IQR, 4.2–12.6]) and were followed for a median of 4.28 years (IQR, 1.40–5.53) or 64.2 patient-years. ICDs were placed for secondary prevention in 12 patients (80%). Diagnoses included 8 long-QT syndromes (53%), 4 idiopathic ventricular tachycardias/ventricular fibrillations (VFs; 27%), 1 recurrent ventricular tachycardia with cardiomyopathy (7%), 1 VF with left ventricular noncompaction (7%), and 1 catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (7%). All implants were epicardial, with a coil in the pericardial space. Intraoperative defibrillation safety testing was attempted in 11 patients (73%), with VF induced in 8 (53%). Successful restoration of sinus rhythm was achieved in all tested patients with a median of 9 (IQR, 7.3–11.3) J or 0.90 (IQR, 0.68–1.04) J/kg. Complications consisted of 1 postoperative chylothorax and 3 episodes of feeding intolerance. VF detection was programmed to 250 (IQR, 240–250) ms with first shock delivering 10 (IQR, 5–15) J or 1.1 (IQR, 0.8–1.4) J/kg. Three patients (20%) received appropriate shocks for ventricular tachycardia/VF. No patient received an inappropriate shock. There were 2 (13%) ventricular lead fractures (at 2.6 and 4.2 years post-implant), 1 (7%) pocket-site infection, and 2 (13%) generator exchanges. All patients were alive, and 1 patient (7%) received a heart transplant.

Conclusions:

ICDs can be safely and effectively placed for sudden death prevention in infants and toddlers with good midterm outcomes.
FeTaQA: Free-form Table Question Answering
Authors: Nan Linyong , Hsieh Chiachun , Mao Ziming , Lin Xi Victoria , Verma Neha , Zhang Rui , Kryściński Wojciech , Schoelkopf Hailey , Kong Riley , Tang Xiangru , Mutuma Mutethia , Rosand Ben , Trindade Isabel , Bandaru Renusree , Cunningham Jacob , Xiong Caiming , Radev Dragomir , Radev Dragomir
Published: January 2022

Existing table question answering datasets contain abundant factual questions that primarily evaluate a QA system’s comprehension of query and tabular data. However, restricted by their short-form answers, these datasets fail to include question–answer interactions that represent more advanced and naturally occurring information needs: questions that ask for reasoning and integration of information pieces retrieved from a structured knowledge source. To complement the existing datasets and to reveal the challenging nature of the table-based question answering task, we introduce FeTaQA, a new dataset with 10K Wikipedia-based {table, question, free-form answer, supporting table cells} pairs. FeTaQA is collected from noteworthy descriptions of Wikipedia tables that contain information people tend to seek; generation of these descriptions requires advanced processing that humans perform on a daily basis: Understand the question and table, retrieve, integrate, infer, and conduct text planning and surface realization to generate an answer. We provide two benchmark methods for the proposed task: a pipeline method based on semantic parsing-based QA systems and an end-to-end method based on large pretrained text generation models, and show that FeTaQA poses a challenge for both methods.
‘Religious Literacy’: Some Considerations and Reservations
Authors: Wolfart Johannes C.
Published: January 2022

In recent years “religious literacy” advocacy has gained a significant following, both academic and non-academic. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that attainment of religious literacy (and the reduction of religious illiteracy – ignorance about religions, either explicitly or by implication) will bring social benefits or cure societal ills. Yet, the term “religious literacy” itself remains poorly defined; neither have the benefits touted by advocates of “religious literacy” been subjected to empirical testing. Instead, reasons for the ready adoption of the term can be found in its particular genealogy, and in its relation to advocacies for other “literacies”. Moreover, especially the advocacy of basic literacy (i.e., of literacy, literally speaking) is historically entangled with Christian theologies and other ideologies, a history giving rise to what Harvey Graff once called the “literacy myth” linking increased literacy to social improvements or progress. Thus, finally, the particular resonance of “religious literacy” in Religious Studies and related academic circles may reflect the inescapable historical character of our particular academic enterprise as “ex-theological.”
Ripeness Theory in the Digital Age: When to Log Off from Cyber Conflict
Authors: Polk Alexandria
Published: January 2022

When are cyber conflicts ripe for negotiation? Analysis of cyber conflict presents a challenge to the prevailing negotiation concept, Zartman’s ripeness theory. Ripeness theory posits that the timing of a negotiation stems from the conflicting parties’ perception of a “mutually hurting stalemate” (MHS) and “a way out” of conflict through dialogue. While this theory has shown merit for negotiations related to conventional warfare or economic disputes, there are gaps in its applicability for resolving cyber conflict. Specifically, the concept of a “hurting stalemate” has little to no presence in cyber disputes, rendering MHS incompatible with pure cyber negotiations. As such, redefining mutually hurting stalemate for cyber conflict is paramount to address this discrepancy. Examining the 2015 bilateral US-China Cybersecurity Agreement provides a context for applying our hypothesis and demonstrates how accepted negotiation theory may be applied to cyber conflict.
Taxonomic studies on the genus Sanicula (Apiaceae) from China (I): The identity of S. orthacantha var. pumila and S. pengshuiensis
Authors: LI HUI-MIN , SONG CHUN-FENG
Published: January 2022

Based on critical observations on herbarium specimens (including type material) and living plants in the wild, we demonstrate that Sanicula lamelligera (Apiaceae) is highly variable in character of basal leaves, branches of inflorescences, and character of fruits. We therefore accept some previous synonyms of this species, including S. ichangensis, S. lamelligera var. wakayamensis, S. orthacantha var. longispina, S. satsumana, and S. yunnanensis, and further reduce S. orthacantha var. pumila, and S. pengshuiensis to its synonymy. Lectotypification is proposed for S. lamelligera var. wakayamensis and S. orthacantha var. pumila.
Rediscovery and IUCN threat assessment of Themeda saxicola (Poaceae: Andropogoneae), an endemic grass from the Eastern Ghats, India
Authors: CHORGHE ALOK R. , KULLOLI R.N.
Published: January 2022

Themeda saxicola is an endemic perennial grass rediscovered after laps of 67 years from the Raisili hill (type locality) and Deomali hill, from the Eastern Ghats in the Koraput district of Odisha. The detailed description along with colour photographs of the habitats, habit and floral parts are provided for easy identification of the species. In addition, distribution map and IUCN threat category assessment are also provided.
A new bent-toed gecko (Cyrtodactylus Gray: Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the state of Mizoram, India
Authors: LALREMSANGA HMAR TLAWMTE , CHINLIANSIAMA HAUZEL , BOHRA SANATH CHANDRA , BIAKZUALA LAL , VABEIRYUREILAI MATHIPI , MUANSANGA LAL , MALSAWMDAWNGLIANA FANAI , HMAR GOSPEL ZOTHANMAWIA , DECEMSON H.T. , SIAMMAWII VANLAL , DAS MADHURIMA , PURKAYASTHA JAYADITYA
Published: January 2022

Herein we describe a new species of Cyrtodactylus from Lunglei District in the state of Mizoram, India. Based on morphology and ND2 gene sequences, the species was found to be a member of the Cyrtodactylus khasiensis group. The species can be identified  by its moderate size (adult SVL 64.9–75.1 mm) with rounded, bluntly conical and feebly keeled dorsal tubercles in 24–28 longitudinal rows; 32–40 paravertebral tubercles between the level of the axilla and the level of the groin; 37–43 mid-ventral scale rows; 3–5 precloacal pores in males and 5–7 pitted precloacal scales in females; 16–18 subdigital lamellae under IV toe; no single row of transversely enlarged subcaudal scales; dorsal markings are dark brown, irregular and distinct; tail with alternating dark and light bands.
Leo Lowenthal’s Legacy: The Relevance and Response of Critical Theory to Authoritarianism, Austerity and Antisemitism Today: An Interview with Martin Jay
Authors: Stoll Katrin
Published: January 2022

The interview is concerned with the legacy of Leo Lowenthal (1900–1993), who was born into a Jewish family in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Lowenthal belonged to the first generation of Critical Theorists under Max Horkheimer’s directorship at the University of Frankfurt Institute for Social Research. Taking Lowenthal’s understanding of Critical Theory as their point of departure, the interlocutors – Katrin Stoll and Martin Jay – discuss ways of renewing Critical Theory in general and the necessity of thinking as a form of negation in particular. The interview provides reflections on the current political situation brought about by the global capitalist order, which owes its stability to both objective social processes and to authoritarianism, austerity, autocracy, antisemitism, racism, and fascization. Recasting Critical Theory in new ways, requires, as Martin Jay forcefully argues, creative theoretical experimentation. By way of example, the interlocutors engage in a joint critical rereading and reevaluation of Leo Lowenthal’s and Norbert Guterman’s 1949 book Prophets of Deceit: A Study of the Techniques of the American Agitator, recently reissued in Germany. Adopting the concept of “racket society”, which was developed by the Critical Theorists in the 1930s and 1940s, after their emigration from Nazi Germany, Martin Jay provides an analysis of current society and political culture in general and the United States in particular. He makes the point that the strongman/client relationship becomes possible through an internalization of patterns of domination as well as by loyalty and protection. The interview closes with a reflection on why it is important to criticize the false way of life and in so doing opening up the possibility of a life that is not wrong.
The Catholic-National Cauldron
Authors: Macocha Dominika
Published: January 2022

This letter is a response by Dominika Macocha to the discussion between Elżbieta Janicka, Konrad Matyjaszek, Xawery Stańczyk, Katrin Stoll and Anna Zawadzka about her video-sculptural installation work “50°31’29.7”N 22°46’39.1”E, 50°30’56.2”N 22°46’01.0”E, 50°30’41.0”N 22°45’49.5”E” published in Studia Litteraria et Historica 9 (2020). The discussion has enabled the artist to look at her work from a new perspective, to reflect on it in a critical way and to clarify central issues raised by the discussants. The letter is a testimony to the artist’s engagement with the local community which until today lives in the shadow of those Poles who, on their own initiative, murdered Jews during the Shoah. Macocha reveals the current efforts undertaken by several actors, among them the community of Bilgoraj, to cover up the historical fact of the murder of Jews carried out by members of the local population. The letter closes with a reflection on the responsibility of the artist in view of the fact that a revolution of the symbolic system has not yet occurred.