bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’usage de l’humour par les vendeurs et son impact sur la performance : le rôle de la phase d’exploration et du type d’humour
Authors: Lunardo Renaud , Bompar Laurent , Saintives Camille
Published: April 2018

L’efficacité de l’usage de l’humour par les vendeurs dans le but de créer une relation de confiance et d’être performant reste à ce jour inconnue. Plus précisément, la question de si – et quand – les vendeurs auraient un intérêt à utiliser l’humour reste à investiguer. Pour répondre à cette question, cette recherche se fonde sur les quatre phases qui caractérisent les relations de long terme entre les vendeurs et acheteurs (exploration, renforcement, maturité, déclin) pour proposer que l’humour pourrait se révéler inefficace s’il est utilisé durant la phase d’exploration. Deux études menées auprès d’acheteurs (n=322) révèlent que bien que l’humour constructif ait généralement des effets positifs sur la performance des vendeurs à travers le rôle médiateur de la confiance, un tel effet n’est pas observé durant la phase d’exploration. L’autre type d’humour – à savoir l’humour offensif – a un effet négatif quelle que soit la phase durant laquelle il est utilisé. Dans l’ensemble, ces résultats indiquent donc que les vendeurs pourraient trouver un avantage à utiliser l’humour, seulement si celui-ci n’est pas utilisé durant la phase d’exploration, cette phase étant la seule durant laquelle l’humour à un effet négatif sur la confiance de l’acheteur et sur la performance commerciale du vendeur. De plus, ces résultats indiquent que l’humour offensant devrait être évité durant chacune des différentes phases de la relation.
Keeping an Eye on the People: Who Has Access to MPs on Twitter?
Authors: Spierings Niels , Jacobs Kristof , Linders Nik
Published: April 2018

Twitter is credited for allowing ordinary citizens to communicate with politicians directly. Yet few studies show who has access to politicians and whom politicians engage with, particularly outside campaign times. Here, we analyze the connection between the public and members of parliament (MPs) on Twitter in the Netherlands in-between elections in 2016. We examine over 60,000 accounts that MPs themselves befriended or that @-mentioned MPs. This shows that many lay citizens contact MPs via Twitter, yet MPs respond more to elite accounts (media, other politicians, organized interests,…), populist MPs are @-mentioned most but seem least interested in connecting and engaging with “the” people, and top MPs draw more attention but hardly engage—backbenchers are less contacted but engage more.
Functional Outcomes 6 Months After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Following Admission Into Intensive Care Unit: A Cohort Study in Two Tertiary Hospitals
Authors: Ludin Salizar M. , Rashid Nor’ain A. , Awang Mohamed S. , Nor Mohd B. M.
Published: April 2018

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors show physical and functional improvements but continue to have cognitive and psychosocial problems throughout recovery. However, the functional outcome of severe TBI in Malaysia is unknown. The objective of this study is to measure the functional outcomes of severe TBI within 6 months post-injury. A cohort study was done on 33 severe TBI survivors. The Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended (GOSE) was used in this study. The mean age of the participants was 31.79 years (range: 16-73 years). The logistic regression model was statistically significant, χ²(5, N = 33) = 29.09, p < .001. The length of stay (LOS) in incentive care unit ( p = .049, odds ratio = 6.062) and duration on ventilator ( p = .048, odds ratio = 0.083) were good predictors of the functional outcomes. Future research should focus on larger sample size of severe TBI in Malaysia.
Becoming and “Unbecoming” Refugees
Authors: Suerbaum Magdalena
Published: April 2018

This article discusses how Syrian men in Egypt rearranged their lives around the newly imposed label “refugee” and negotiated notions of masculinity during their forced displacement. Drawing upon data collected during fourteen months of ethnographic fieldwork in Cairo from 2014 to 2015, this article shows that in Syrian men’s daily reality, their “refugeeness” was present through several encounters and experiences, such as worries about identity documents or contact with the state authorities. Having articulated men’s various experiences with the refugee category, this article goes on to describe how Syrian men in Cairo distanced themselves from the refugee label and tried to masculinize themselves by erecting boundaries between themselves and other Syrian men in their narratives and engaging in reverse stigmatization of the Egyptian host population.
Clinical outcomes with a diffractive trifocal intraocular lens
Authors: Alió Jorge L , Plaza-Puche Ana B , Alió del Barrio Jorge L , Amat-Peral Pedro , Ortuño Vicente , Yébana Pilar , Al-Shymali Olena , Vega-Estrada Alfredo
Published: April 2018

Purpose:

To evaluate clinical and visual outcomes, quality of near vision, and intraocular optical quality of patients bilaterally implanted with a trifocal PanOptix intraocular lens.

Methods:

In this prospective consecutive case-series study, 52 eyes of 26 bilateral patients (mean age, 60.2 ± 7.4 years) were implanted with the AcrySof IQ Panoptix intraocular lens. Visual acuity, defocus curve, contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson test), near activity visual questionnaire, and internal aberrations with Osiris were evaluated. A prototype light-distortion analyzer was used to quantify the postoperative light-distortion indices. The follow-up was 6 months after surgery.

Results:

Uncorrected, corrected distance, and uncorrected near visual acuities improved with the surgery (p ≤ 0.02). Distance corrected near visual acuity was 0.13 ± 0.10, 0.13 ± 0.13, and 0.13 ± 0.08 at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, respectively (p = 0.82). Distance corrected intermediate visual acuities were 0.09 ± 0.13, 0.13 ± 0.15, and 0.12 ± 0.12 at 1, 3, and 6 months, postoperatively. Binocular contrast sensitivity was 1.86 ± 0.15 Log Units. Defocus curve provided a visual acuity equal or better to 0.30 LogMAR between defocus levels of +0.50 to −3.00 D. The near activity visual questionnaire scores improved significantly with the surgery (p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

The AcrySof IQ Panoptix intraocular lens is able to restore visual function with an acceptable intermediate and near vision after cataract surgery with good contrast sensitivity and an improvement in the near activity visual questionnaire.
Scanning electron microscopic characteristics of manually loaded and preloaded foldable acrylic intraocular lenses
Authors: Rateb Mahmoud Fathy , Eldaly Zeiad Hasan , Ibrahim Walid Saad Eldein , Eldoghaimy Ahmed Hasan
Published: April 2018

Purpose:

To compare surface alterations between preloaded and manually loaded intraocular lens.

Methods:

Scanning electron microscope was utilized to evaluate surface alteration and deposits in four different types of intraocular lenses: preloaded hydrophobic acrylic, preloaded hydrophilic acrylic, manually loaded hydrophobic acrylic, and manually loaded hydrophilic acrylic. Six lenses with different powers (+6 D, +22 D, and +29 D) were used from each category, to represent different thickness categories of the intraocular lenses.

Results:

In total, 30 intraocular lenses have been evaluated in this study: 4 from the control group (2 hydrophobic and 2 hydrophilic lenses) and 12 from the preloaded intraocular lens and manually loaded groups (6 hydrophilic and 6 hydrophobic lenses with different powers). Surface deposits were found in eight hydrophobic intraocular lenses compared to a single intraocular lens with scattered deposits on the optical surface of a hydrophilic intraocular lens. In manually loaded intraocular lens group, five hydrophobic and one hydrophilic intraocular lenses showed identifiable marks on the optical surface. In the preloaded intraocular lens group, three hydrophobic intraocular lenses showed identifiable marks on the optical surface and three hydrophobic intraocular lenses showed surface wrinkling. All hydrophilic intraocular lenses revealed no identifiable marks.

Conclusion:

Surface alterations and deposits are a common finding in both preloaded and manually loaded intraocular lenses. Water content of acrylic intraocular lenses is an important factor predisposing to these changes, and hydrophobic intraocular lenses are more vulnerable than hydrophilic lenses. The impact on the final visual outcome needs further studies.
The population, its health and social sciences
Authors: Bergenheim Sophy
Published: April 2018

This commentary provides a glimpse into a conceptual history approach to the topic of public health. I focus primarily on the history of public health during the first half of the 20th century. I will also reflect on its entanglement with the social sciences in later times. The first two sections discuss three core elements of the concept of public health: the “public” or collective that the term refers to, “health”, and finally, “public health” as “health of a collective”. These elements are historical and political concepts, which means that they do not have a fixed definition, but need to be placed in their historical and political contexts. In the final section, I discuss some connections between social science and public health during the 20th century.
Analysis of “Laboratory and Benchtop Performance of a Mealtime Insulin Delivery System”
Authors: Zijlstra Eric
Published: April 2018

In the current issue of Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, Dreon et al give a comprehensive overview of the technical performance of a wearable patch for bolus insulin delivery. The test results generated by the manufacturer of the bolus-patch provide the technical prerequisites for clinical application. As the device received FDA clearance already in 2010, positive results from the nonclinical performance testing were to be expected, but present nevertheless interesting insights into the device development. The single-dose accuracy verification results seem especially promising, but tighter accuracy criteria could have been specified and information on outliers is missing from the analysis. The clinical application of the bolus-patch is currently under investigation in a large-scale 44-week intervention trial.
Reflections on Developmental Spirituality: Journey Paradigms and Stages
Authors: Demarest Bruce
Published: April 2018

One prominent image of the Christian life in Scripture is that of a journey homeward. Consistent with Scripture and the developmental sciences, Christian spiritual authorities through history have developed various journey paradigms with associated phases or stages and transitions. Constructive paradigms are not linear and rigid in form, but might be represented as upward trending spiral movements that permit digressions, reversions, stopping places and advances on the way. Such paradigms and stages serve valuable heuristic functions in assisting pilgrims to assess where they are on the journey and how to progress in maturity as well as insights for guiding others on their journeys of faith.
Relational Spirituality and Transformation: Risking Intimacy and Alterity
Authors: Sandage Steven J. , Jensen Mary L. , Jass Daniel
Published: April 2018

We extend a relational model of spirituality and transformation based on Shuts’ and Sandage's previous interdisciplinary work in Transforming Spirituality. Spirituality is conceptualized based on a relational framework, and transformation is understood as emerging through an intensification of relational anxiety. Spiritual maturity is related to differentiation of self, based on theology and social science. The risks and challenges of relational intimacy and alterity are proposed as two relational pathways toward differentiation and spiritual transformation. Practical relational strategies to enhance spiritual formation based on this model within a seminary training context are described with particular attention to intercultural development and relational justice.
Children's Spirituality: Past and Future
Authors: Ratcliff Donald
Published: April 2018

One hundred years of research related to children's spirituality and religion are surveyed for key themes, with the conclusion that serious theological work is needed to complement existing research. The value of theologians and social science scholars working together in this area is considered. Open dialogue related to children's spiritual development and experience, and cooperative development of research programs across these disciplines and others, are likely to produce innovative topics and approaches to this important area of work.
Spiritual Formation and St. Paul as Spiritual Director: Determining the Primary Aims
Authors: Copan Victor
Published: April 2018

Dallas Willard makes the claim that spiritual formation “refers to the Spirit-driven process of forming the inner world of the human self in such a way that it becomes like the inner being of Christ himself.”1 Can this claim be substantiated and stand up to close scrutiny, or is Dallas Willard selecting an idea of his own fancy and making this the cornerstone of his understanding of spiritual formation? How can this claim be tested and anchored?

In this article we will seek to answer these questions by looking at the Apostle Paul in his function as spiritual director. Although it is patently anachronistic to speak of Paul as spiritual director, can we legitimately understand him in this role? We will propose a generative understanding of spiritual direction and then proceed to examine the Apostle Paul and his aims based on that generative understanding. We will also argue that at the core of Paul's functioning as a spiritual director lies a strong appeal to examine and imitate his life and character and to follow his ways. This appeal by Paul for others to imitate him is anchored in Paul's own imitation of Christ himself. Paul's call to imitation thus provides a window into discovering how Paul understood his role as spiritual director and also provides us the means to discern his goals in spiritual direction.
Neither Because nor in Spite of: A Critical Reflection on Willard's Read of the Beatitudes
Authors: Elshof Gregg Ten
Published: April 2018

In The Divine Conspiracy, Dallas Willard offers a much-needed corrective to a prevailing understanding of the Beatitudes according to which they are virtues or conditions for blessing in God's kingdom. Unfortunately, Willard weds this corrective to an implausible read of the more positive sounding beatitudes (e.g., purity of heart and peacemaking) according to which they are vices or unattractive conditions in spite of which one can be blessed. In what follows, I hope to rescue the main thrust of Willard's gloss on the beatitudes from his interpretation of these particular traits.
The Willardian Corpus
Authors: Porter Steve L.
Published: April 2018

Dallas Willard's five monographs devoted to Christian spirituality constitute a unified body of work that together present a comprehensive account of the nature and means of spiritual formation in Christ. This paper approaches Willard's corpus chronologically for the purpose of culling the central components of Willard's understanding of spiritual formation. This is not meant to be a review or summary of Willard's writings, but rather an analytical study of Willard's work and is an implicit call for further second-order scholarly reflection on the Willardian corpus.
“The Spirit Breathes upon the Word”: The Formative use of Scripture in the Hymns of William Cowper
Authors: Schwanda Tom
Published: April 2018

Recently evangelicals have been discovering the benefits of a formative reading of Scripture. However, eighteenth-century evangelicals consciously practiced both an informational and formational way of reading the Bible. This article raises the question how early evangelicals read Scripture and what was the role of the Holy Spirit in that reading. The hymns of William Cowper from the Olney Hymns (1779) serve as the primary text for this exploration. Cowper's experimental piety that was common among evangelicals assured that the Word would be read both with the head for knowledge as well as the heart for experience and transformation. This paper analyzes Cowper's varied use of Scripture in his hymns, as well as the formative nature of Scripture within those hymns. One prominent feature of Cowper's writing is the dynamic intersection between the Word and Spirit. This article concludes by asking the practical question of retrieval of how the contemporary church can learn to read Scripture more formatively through the themes of Cowper's hymns.
A Trinitarian Spirituality of Mission
Authors: Hjalmarson Leonard E.
Published: April 2018

The via contemplativa and the via activa have been seen as two parallel tracks in spirituality. The separation is inevitable without a rich Trinitarian anchor. Uniting the Western, substantive view of God and the Eastern, relational view offers the hope of an integrative spirituality: the coming together of Mary and Martha, the active and the contemplative life. The high-priestly prayer of Jesus in the garden offers a similar vision of integration: Intimacy and fruitfulness are possible through a mutual indwelling empowered by the Holy Spirit. We feed on the living bread so that the life of Christ is manifest in the world. At the table hostility becomes hospitality. Missional spirituality is founded on a single movement of Godself into the world: mission as the self-unfolding of contemplation.
Is Thoughtless Prayer Really Christian? A Biblical/Evangelical Response to Evagrius of Pontus
Authors: Howard Evan B.
Published: April 2018

While many Christians are finding comfort in forms of prayer that emphasize silence, others find concern with just such forms, seeing them as doctrinally unfaithful innovations of early monks. This article, then, investigates one influential early monk, Evagrius of Pontus, regarding thoughtless prayer. The article summarizes Evagrius’ life and monastic practice. It explores Evagrius’ mystical theology in general and particularly his understanding of the roles that (thoughtless) prayer plays in the various stages of development in Christian maturity. The article then develops a biblical and evangelical response to Evagrius’ approach, examining themes of the transcendent greatness of God, silence, and prayer in the Scriptures. Based on these investigations, the article offers three practical suggestions concerning the use of thoughtless prayer for Christians today.
The Controversy over Contemplation and Contemplative Prayer: A Historical, Theological, and Biblical Resolution
Authors: Coe John
Published: April 2018

The topic and practice of contemplative prayer has become a major controversy in Evangelical spirituality. For those critical of the spiritual formation movement in general, contemplative prayer is often raised as one obvious spiritual practice that is foreign to the Scriptures and a Christian world-view, and more akin to New Age and eastern religions. This paper is also critical of any approach to contemplation and contemplative prayer that is not grounded in the Christian Faith. However, I will argue that the Nicene theology of the fourth century CE already addressed some of these concerns in its response to Origenic spirituality and, in turn, provided a theological correction to sub-Christian views of contemplation and contemplative prayer. Furthermore, this paper argues that a truly Christian approach to contemplative prayer can be made consistent with Christian theology and that the Scriptures actually teach a form of contemplation and contemplative prayer.
Tweaking Dallas Willard's Ontology of the Human Person
Authors: Moreland J. P.
Published: April 2018

While my own philosophical views are largely in keeping with my mentor, Dallas Willard, nevertheless, I find his conception of the human person puzzling, hard to specify precisely, and prima facie contradictory in a few places. Dallas's central goal in formulating his anthropology was to develop a model that shed light on, allowed for deeper insight into, and fostered interest in spiritual formation, especially the role of the body in spiritual maturation. I share this goal, and agree with most of his model. But in what follows, I will make more precise what his views were, try to clear up what, prima facie, seem to be contradictions in his theory, and, finally, recommend an alternative that captures the central concerns Dallas had for his own position. Thus, I will lay out a few general points of Dallas's ontology (points with which I agree), provide a description of his philosophical/theological anthropology, along with two problems that seem to be present, and offer a slightly adjusted alternative to his position that accomplishes his main goal (regarding spiritual formation) in a way with which I believe he would be satisfied.
Lament in Three Movements: The Implications of Psalm 13 for Justice and Reconciliation
Authors: Beckett Joshua
Published: April 2018

Christian peacemakers and ministers of reconciliation serving in contexts of conflict require practices to help them cope with painful situations and formulate constructive responses to them. Lament is one indispensible practice for ministers and their communities, simultaneously directing their pain to God and expanding their theological and social imagination for difficult tasks. The Scriptures provide ample resources for embracing the gift of lament. Here I argue that Psalm 13 offers a model of lament in three movements for ministers of reconciliation. I begin by briefly delineating the nature of lament in Scripture. Next, I analyze Psalm 13 as a representative lament, with special reference to its implications for Christians engaged in the work of reconciliation in challenging contexts. Finally, I conclude with a case study of activist Angelina Atyam in order to illustrate how the movements of Psalm 13 can be expressed in renewed theological imagination and social ministry.
God Our Father as a Script of Intimacy for those Suffering Shame
Authors: Anderson Tim L.
Published: April 2018

Feelings of shame are normal when suffering guilt from sin, but the church too often gives congregants a simplistic “shame script,” which paints God only as an angry or disappointed judge and so circumvents a lasting relational intimacy with him. For those who struggle to approach God because of the shame they suffer from past sins and current temptations, recent psychological research provides some insight. I demonstrate: those who agonize over feelings of shame need new “cultural scripts” and “life scripts” by which to flourish, new narratives wherein a healthier view of God, self and community might emerge. The starting point is a proper biblical script of God as our Father, a vision of God the Father that resists one-dimensional notions of divine anger and disappointment. A more robust, intimate and grace-filled concept of God the Father, in other words, provides relief to the sufferers of unhealthy shame.
Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah of Kashmir, 1965–1975: From Externment to Enthronement
Authors: Ankit Rakesh
Published: April 2018

Ousted as Premier, Jammu and Kashmir, in August 1953 and anointed as Chief Minister in February 1975, the so-called ‘Lion of Kashmir’ Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah was imprisoned, in between these years, ultimately on charges of treason, with brief intermissions. Much has been written about the politics of Kashmir dispute, less so about the Sheikh and his personal troubles especially after the death of his friend Jawaharlal Nehru in May 1964. This somewhat overshadowed decade of his life, in comparison with his hey-days of 1947–1953, shows the kind of settlement in Kashmir that the government of Indira Gandhi was willing to consider. More interestingly, it shows how Sheikh Abdullah was willing to agree to it and provides the context in which he moved from being in a conflictual relationship with New Delhi to becoming, once again, a collaborator in Srinagar in 1975, thereby showcasing the limits of Abdullah’s politics and popularity.
Outcomes and Return to Sport After Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Saper Michael , Pearce Stephanie , Shung Joseph , Zondervan Robert , Ostrander Roger , Andrews James R.
Published: April 2018

Background:

The number of adolescent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries is rising with increased participation in higher level athletics at earlier ages. With an increasing number of primary ACL reconstructions (ACLRs) comes a rise in the incidence of revision ACLRs.

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical results of revision ACLR across a group of high-level adolescent athletes with at least 2-year follow-up.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A retrospective review of 21 adolescent athletes (age range, 10-19 years) who underwent revision ACLR with at least 2-year follow-up was conducted. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) included the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Form, Lysholm knee scoring scale, Tegner activity level scale, and modified Cincinnati Knee Rating System. Return to sport (RTS) and overall patient satisfaction were also assessed.

Results:

The mean age at the time of surgery was 16.5 years (range, 14-19 years), and the mean follow-up was 46.4 months (range, 24-97 months); 42.9% of patients were female, and 52.4% of patients participated in collision sports. The mean time to failure after primary ACLR was 13.1 ± 8.0 months, and the most common mechanism of failure was noncontact in at least 66.7% of cases. The revision graft type included bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) in 71.4% of cases; 26.7% of BPTB grafts were from the contralateral extremity. Concomitant procedures were performed for intra-articular lesions in 71.4% of patients. The mean patient satisfaction rate was 95.3%. There were 3 cases of a graft reinjury at a mean of 25 months postoperatively. The mean PROM scores were as follows: IKDC, 87.5 ± 12.7; Tegner, 7.2 ± 2.0; Lysholm, 93.7 ± 9.8; and Cincinnati, 93.4 ± 10.0. Of those attempting to RTS, 68.4% of patients successfully returned at the same level of competition. Patients with a lateral compartment chondral injury were less likely to RTS ( P < .05). Independent variables shown to have no significant relationship to PROMs or RTS included age, follow-up, sport classification, associated meniscal tears, revision graft size/type, and concomitant procedures.

Conclusion:

Revision ACLR can be an effective surgical option in adolescents participating in collision and contact sports, with good to excellent subjective outcome scores. At a minimum 2-year follow-up, a graft rupture after revision ACLR occurred in 14% of cases. Of the athletes attempting to RTS, 68.4% returned to their preinjury level of competition.
What can we learn from Fli1-deficient mice, new animal models of systemic sclerosis?
Authors: Asano Yoshihide
Published: April 2018

Systemic sclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease characterized by autoimmunity, vasculopathy, and selective organ fibrosis. A series of genetic and epidemiological studies have demonstrated that environmental influences play a central role in the onset of systemic sclerosis, while genetic factors determine the susceptibility to and the severity of this disease. Therefore, the identification of predisposing factors related to environmental influences would provide us with an informative clue to better understand the pathological process of this disease. Based on this concept, the deficiency of transcription factor Friend leukemia virus integration 1, which is epigenetically suppressed in systemic sclerosis, seems to be a potential candidate acting as the predisposing factor of this disease. Indeed, Fli1-mutated mice serve as a set of useful disease models to disclose the complex pathology of systemic sclerosis. This article overviews the recent advancement in systemic sclerosis animal models associated with Friend leukemia virus integration 1 deficiency.
Tight regulation of FOXO1 is essential for maintenance of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Wang Fan , Demir Salih , Gehringer Franziska , Osswald Clarissa D. , Seyfried Felix , Enzenmüller Stefanie , Eckhoff Sarah M. , Maier Thomas , Holzmann Karlheinz , Debatin Klaus-Michael , Wirth Thomas , Meyer Lüder H. , Ushmorov Alexey
Published: April 2018

Key Points

FOXO1 activity is essential for growth and maintenance of BCP-ALL. Inhibition of FOXO1 reduces leukemia load and prolongs survival in a preclinical model of BCP-ALL.
Multiple spectral channels in branchiopods. II. Role in light-dependent behavior and natural light environments
Authors: Lessios Nicolas , Rutowski Ronald L. , Cohen Jonathan H.
Published: April 2018

Light is a primary environmental factor used by aquatic invertebrates for depth selection behavior. Many branchiopod crustaceans live in ephemeral aquatic habitats. All branchiopod crustaceans studied to date express four or more visual opsins in their compound eyes. We asked whether two branchiopods, Triops longicaudatus, and Streptocephalus mackini, use multiple spectral channels to regulate their position in the water column. At the lowest intensities that elicited photonegative behavior, both species had broad spectral bandwidths, suggesting they use multiple spectral photoreceptor classes. Male Streptocephalus mackini were more likely to maintain a vertical position 8.0-12.0 cm below the surface than females, independently of whether females were present. Male photopositive behavior at low intensity was restricted to narrow bandwidth centered at 532nm, suggesting a single photoreceptor class is used to maintain position above females. We compared ephemeral pools from two regions in Arizona and found that diffuse light attenuation coefficients were two orders of magnitude greater than the most heavily attenuating coastal waters. At less than a meter of depth, pools were often dimmer than terrestrial habitats under starlight. Soil particle size distribution in each region affected spectral light environments, and behavioral responses of field-caught shrimp were adapted to the spectral properties of their region. The results suggest that branchiopods predominantly use luminance vision summed from multiple spectral photoreceptor classes for depth selection in dim, spectrally variable environments. The neuroanatomical basis for summation is described in a companion paper.
A OMC no raio X
Authors: Costa Ligia Maura
Published: April 2018

Com as transações mercantis crescendo em volume e complexidade, aumentam as exigências para que os setores públicoe privado entendam o funcionamento cada vez mais sofisticado dos mecanismos de controle da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC). Como são estabelecidas suas normas e resolvidas as disputas internacionais? Como se preparar para as negociações? Quais as melhores estratégias e táticas? A sobrevivência de empresas e setores inteiros depende, em grande medida, do conhecimento das respostas para essas perguntas.
Woody Allen e o mercado
Authors: Vieira Marcelo Milano Falcão , Lengler Jorge Francisco Bertinetti , Fachin Roberto C.
Published: April 2018

Instrumento fundamental do marketing e conceito indispensável para a tomada de decisões, a segmentação de mercado pode guardar aspectos insuspeitados – e muito pouco nobres. Inspirado por um filme de Woody Allen, este artigo propõe-se a desconstruir o conceito e mostra que, apesar do recente discurso de reconhecimento e respeito às diferenças, ele mascara e reproduz práticas históricas de discriminação e dominação.
A hora da mudança
Authors: Rego Arménio , Cunha Miguel Pina e
Published: April 2018

O que fazer quando sua empresa precisa passar por uma mudança, de grande ou de pequeno porte? Quais são os caminhos a serem tomados e quais os obstáculos a serem enfrentados? Este artigo sugere um modelo para a gestão de mudanças planejadas, o V.I.A.R.M.A., que se baseia na tese de que o processo transformacional pode ser realizado de cima para baixo, sustentando-se em dois pilares distintos: liderança e gestão. Somente a conjugação dessas duas dimensões de ação pode garantir o êxito da mudança planejada.
Canal aberto
Authors: Loureiro Sonia
Published: April 2018

A gestão empresarial está se tornando cada vez mais complexa. Além de competitividade e capacidade de inovação, o contexto de negócios exige das organizações um posicionamento claro acerca de temas como diversidade, direitos humanos, impactos ambientais, saúde e bem-estar dos colaboradores e da comunidade. Algumas questões-chave devem ser respondidas. Como conciliar valores universais com os processos empresariais? Como desenvolver lideranças e profissionais focados na sustentabilidade econômica, social e ambiental? Um caso ocorrido na Natura mostra como, a partir da ação de uma consumidora, a empresa equacionou essas questões e incorporou o conceito de responsabilidade social a seu dia-a-dia.
Ética, ambição e crescimento
Authors: Castro Júnior Paulo G. de
Published: April 2018

A ética deixou de se limitar ao terreno religioso e filosófico para se tornar também um assunto empresarial. O futuro da sociedade e das empresas nunca esteve tão entrelaçado, e mesmo a ambição – sempre um desafio para o comportamento ético – pode ser transformada em força competitiva. Na ponta desse processo, estão as empresas visionárias: mais humanas, elas abrem horizontes para os negócios e contribuem para aprimorar a ética e a moralidade de todo o corpo social.
Há múltis que precisam aprender a se comportar
Authors: Basile Sidnei
Published: April 2018

Uma das mais fortes características da globalização é o intercâmbio de informações em tempo real. Mas será que toda essa massa de informações está sendo adequadamente interpretada e utilizada? A atuação de diversas multinacionais no Brasil, em parte instaladas aqui na esteira do processo de privatização, mostra que não. Munidas de informações equivocadas sobre o país, sem compreender a realidade local, elas chegam a agir de maneira desastrada. Investem na melhoria da imagem, mas, paradoxalmente, podem estar prejudicando a própria reputação.
Empreendedores visionários
Authors: Masiero Gilmar
Published: April 2018

Quem disse que são as inovações mercadológicas que movem o mundo? Cientista política defende que, no setor das invenções, muitas vezes valem mais as regras de mercado e a visão dos homens de negócio.
Cláudia Costin
Authors: Goldbaum Sérgio
Published: April 2018

A atual Secretária Estadual de Cultura, Cláudia Costin, ex-GV, exerceu importantes funções na administração pública federal: na segunda metade da década de 1990, foi Ministra da Administração e da Reforma do Estado e Secretária de Estado da Administração e do Patrimônio. Em dezembro de 1999, assumiu a Gerência do Setor Público do Banco Mundial, em Washington e, depois de rápida incursão pela iniciativa privada, voltou à cena pública. À RAE-executivo, Cláudia fala sobre mudança organizacionale sobre os desafios da gestão pública.
Armadilhas da abertura financeira
Authors: Belluzzo Luiz Gonzaga
Published: April 2018

Nos últimos 20 anos, a onda de desregulamentação tem atingido os mercados centrais. As palavras de ordem passaram a ser abertura comercial, liberalização das contas de capital, descompressão dos sistemas financeiros domésticos, reforma do Estado, abandono das políticas intervencionistas e câmbio flutuante. Todos os países, incluindo o Brasil, foram afetados por essas novas obrigações econômicas. Este artigo analisa o impacto da liberalização do mercado sobre o crescimento econômico brasileiro.
Made in Brazil
Authors: Santos Rubens da Costa
Published: April 2018

O marketing de produtos não é um tema restrito a empresas e empresários, nem uma questão baseada apenas no valor intrínseco do produto. Envolve iniciativas bem mais amplas. A Certificação de Origem de produtos é uma delas. Esse “selo” funciona como um certificado de originalidade e diferenciação e permite uma ampliação do valor embutido. Assim, ganha status de segunda marca e pode levar os consumidores a pagarem preços premium por produtos que o exibem.
O fetiche da mudança
Authors: Bendassolli Pedro Fernando
Published: April 2018

Tome-se qualquer artigo ou livro de gestão e haverá grande chance de encontrar o mesmo argumento, repetido à exaustão: “vivemos em uma época de mudanças”... “para sobreviver, as empresas têm de mudar continuamente, inovando, destruindo velhas estruturas e recriando outras”... “ninguém pode ficar parado ou se tornará obsoleto”. O discurso da mudança foi transformado em uma verdade universal que pode ser menos verdadeira e menos universal do que pensam os mais crédulos.
A prática da estratégia [entrevistado por Marcelo Binder]
Authors: Whittington Richard
Published: April 2018

As concepções tradicionais atribuem a formulação estratégica a um grupo de elite dentro da organização. Richard Whittington, professor da Said Business School, da Universidade de Oxford, tem um ponto de vista diferente. Durante a Terceira Conferência Internacional da Iberoamerican Academy of Management, ocorrida em São Paulo, o pesquisador concedeu esta entrevista à RAEexecutivo, na qual defende que a estratégia se relaciona às práticas do dia-a-dia e deve envolver todos os gestores.
Democracia digital
Authors: Kujawski Guilherme
Published: April 2018

O movimento do software livre vem ganhando adeptos no mundo corporativo e entre consumidores domésticos. A principal bandeira do movimento é a oferta de programas de computadores isentos de licenças pagas, dando total liberdade para que os usuários finais os alterem ou adaptem de acordo com suas próprias necessidades. Este artigo mostra a origem e a evolução desse movimento, e os seus impactos sobre indivíduos, empresas e governos.
Luzes nórdicas [entrevistado por Charles Kirschbaum]
Authors: Sevón Guje
Published: April 2018

Guje Sevón é professora de Psicologia Organizacional da Stockholm University. Per-Olof Berg é presidente da Stockholm School of Entrepreneurship. Durante a Terceira Conferência Internacional da Iberoamerican Academy of Management, ocorrida em São Paulo, os pesquisadores concederam esta entrevista à RAE-executivo, na qual tratam de temas como empreendedorismo, perfil executivo, importação de idéias em gestão e o uso de “performances teatrais” na vida corporativa.
Oportunidades e riscos da diversidade
Authors: Mendes Rodrigo Hübner
Published: April 2018

Premidas pela necessidade de operar em diferentes nichos de mercado, com distintos perfis de consumidores, muitas empresas vêm procurando refletirinternamente a diversidade externa. Com isso, adotam práticas “politicamente corretas” e procuram atrair para a organização profissionais com perfis variados em termos de sexo, etnia, formação e base cultural. Porém, administrar quadros com grande diversidade apresenta grandes desafios e pode colocar em risco o modelo de gestão e a própria identidadeorganizacional.
Yacoff Sarkovas [entrevistado por Pedro F. Bendassolli]
Authors: Sarkovas Yacoff
Published: April 2018

Yacoff Sarkovas é fundador e presidente da Articultura. Foi membro fundador e vice-presidente da AMPRO – Associação de Marketing Promocional e membro fundador da Rede Brasil e da Rede Latino-Americana de Promotores Culturais. Sarkovas trabalha há quase vinte anos na associação estratégica de marcas com projetos de interesse público. Nesta entrevista, ele fala sobre a situação do setor cultural no Brasil, expressa uma visão crítica sobre as leis de incentivo, e mostra como a cultura pode ser uma alternativa atraente para a estratégia de marketing das empresas.
Prudência versus concorrência
Authors: Faria Ricardo Meireles de , Turolla Frederico Araujo
Published: April 2018

As altas taxas de juros praticadas no país são apontadas como um dos maiores obstáculos ao crescimento econômico. Ao mesmo tempo, graças a elas, os bancos vêm batendo recordes de lucratividade, superiores a muitos outros setores da economia. Este artigo mostra que uma das principais razões para essas elevadas taxas de juros é a existência de uma cultura de prudência no setor e que a solução para o problema é a transformação dessa cultura em uma cultura de concorrência
Cinema em 2004
Authors: Pires Lucas Rodrigues
Published: April 2018

Em 2004, a indústria cinematográfica mundial gerou grande quantidade de filmes; porém, aos olhos de muitos críticos, poucas dessas obras seriam de qualidade superior. Neste ensaio, Lucas Rodrigues Pires, historiador e colunista do Digestivo Cultural, comenta esse quadro e analisa os melhores filmes de 2004, aqueles que deveriam merecer lugar de destaque entre as opções dos espectadores e nas antologias cinematográficas.
Tendências para o cinema
Authors: Augusto Sérgio
Published: April 2018

Qual o futuro da sétima arte? Alguns entusiastas apontam o avanço da tecnologia como elemento de democratização da produção, capaz de liberar os “fluxos criativos”. Porém, observadas em conjunto, as tendências em curso talvez não apontem para um futuro tão promissor. Neste ensaio, Sérgio Augusto, colaborador do Digestivo Cultural, afirma que: as conquistas tecnológicas continuarão preservando a hegemonia de Hollywood e os cinemas periféricos só terão vez se desatarem o nó górdio do mercado exibidor.
Música em 2004
Authors: Baggio Adriana
Published: April 2018

Há um consenso de que a música está seguindo em uma trajetória marcada pelo abandono de seus antigos suportes físicos e se apropriando de novas formas de disseminação, como a Internet. Com a evolução tecnológica, surgem mudanças substantivas em velhos hábitos de consumo. Neste ensaio, Adriana Baggio, publicitária e colunista do Digestivo Cultural, analisa as principais influências dos meios digitais sobre o relacionamento de empresas, consumidores e artistas com a música.
Tendências para a Música
Authors: Plasse Marcel
Published: April 2018

A indústria cultural brasileira denuncia que, entre as razões para o consumo decrescente de discos no país, a principal delas é a pirataria. Como solução ela aponta para a necessidade de maior rigor jurídico e policial. Neste ensaio, Marcel Plasse, jornalista e editor da revista Pipoca Moderna, sustenta uma posição diferente. Para ele, tal reação reflete o perfil conservador das gravadoras, que, diante do questionamento de seu monopólio, se recusam a aceitar a obsolescência de velhos modelos de consumo musical.
Literatura em 2004
Authors: Mattos Ricardo de
Published: April 2018

O ano de 2004 foi rico para a literatura brasileira. Obras de centenas de autores foram lançadas em feiras e eventos espalhados por todo o país. Esse esforço contribuiu decisivamente para a diversificação e desenvolvimento de nossa cultura literária. Ricardo de Mattos, advogado e colunista do Digestivo Cultural, apresenta neste ensaio crítico escritores de todo o país, destacando autores de antologias e obras que abordam temas como cultura regional e história dos costumes.
Artes em 2004
Authors: Cardoso Fabio Silvestre
Published: April 2018

Um impasse caracteriza a situação atual da arte contemporânea no país: seu distanciamento do público, que não reconhece nela sentido nem coerência. Fabio Silvestre Cardoso, jornalista e colunista do Digestivo Cultural, observa que, para fugir desse impasse, as exposições de arte vêm se transformando em eventos espetaculares. Na opinião do articulista, a melhor alternativa a essa posição seria fomentar a educação cultural no país.
Tendências para as artes
Authors: Piza Daniel
Published: April 2018

O cenário das artes deste início de século é paradoxal: ao mesmo tempo em que a arte contemporânea se distancia do público, a arte moderna – ou aqueles movimentos que a antecederam – nunca foi tão popular. Neste ensaio crítico, Daniel Piza, colunista cultural de O Estado S. Paulo, observa que esse paradoxo pode estar relacionado a alguns exageros observados na arte contemporânea. O autor sugere uma corrente de arte não extremista, mas que não tenha receio de ousar.
Autobiografia não-autorizada
Authors: Carpinejar Fabrício
Published: April 2018

Este “rascunho para romance” foi escrito com exclusividade para a GV-executivo por Fabrício Carpinejar, escritor e colaborador do Jornal Zero Hora. Trata-se de uma viagem pela memória, que levará o leitor ao encontro de fragmentos de experiências e reflexões sobre a existência. Com um estilo que mescla aforismos e sugestivas figuras de linguagem, Carpinejar brinda o leitor com um conjunto rico de pensamentos e provocações.
O estado das artes
Authors: Terzian Françoise
Published: April 2018

Apesar de seu potencial econômico e social, a indústria cultural brasileira apresenta problemas relacionados à atuação dos diversos agentes envolvidos: governo, produtores culturais e empresas. Para fazer um balanço da situação atual do setor, a GVexecutivo convidou um grupo de profissionais com extensa vivência na produção e gestão de bens culturais. Paulo Pélico, Ronaldo Bianchi, Marino Lobello, Ricardo Ohtake e Ary Scapin destacam os principais problemas e as potencialidades do setor, mostrando alternativas para o futuro.
Cultura livre
Authors: Kujawski Guilherme
Published: April 2018

As tecnologias digitais geraram impactos profundos sobre os processos de produção e disseminação de bens culturais. Sua utilização transformou as formas como os indivíduos consomem informações, conhecimento, música e outras formas de artes. Este artigo analisa a influência dessas tecnologias sobre a produção de bens imateriais. Sugere que seu crescente uso leva à necessidade de redefinições nas políticas culturais, e em conceitos tradicionais, como o direito de propriedade e o direito autoral.
The neural determinants of age-related changes in fluid intelligence: a pre-registered, longitudinal analysis in UK Biobank
Authors: Kievit Rogier A. , Fuhrmann Delia , Borgeest Gesa Sophia , Simpson-Kent Ivan L. , Henson Richard N. A.
Published: April 2018

Background: Fluid intelligence declines with advancing age, starting in early adulthood. Within-subject declines in fluid intelligence are highly correlated with contemporaneous declines in the ability to live and function independently. To support healthy aging, the mechanisms underlying these declines need to be better understood.

Methods: In this pre-registered analysis, we applied latent growth curve modelling to investigate the neural determinants of longitudinal changes in fluid intelligence across three time points in 185,317 individuals (N=9,719 two waves, N=870 three waves) from the UK Biobank (age range: 39-73 years).

Results: We found a weak but significant effect of cross-sectional age on the mean fluid intelligence score, such that older individuals scored slightly lower. However, the mean longitudinal slope was positive, rather than negative, suggesting improvement across testing occasions. Despite the considerable sample size, the slope variance was non-significant, suggesting no reliable individual differences in change over time. This null-result is likely due to the nature of the cognitive test used. In a subset of individuals, we found that white matter microstructure (N=8839, as indexed by fractional anisotropy) and grey-matter volume (N=9931) in pre-defined regions-of-interest accounted for complementary and unique variance in mean fluid intelligence scores. The strongest effects were such that higher grey matter volume in the frontal pole and greater white matter microstructure in the posterior thalamic radiations were associated with higher fluid intelligence scores.

Conclusions: In a large preregistered analysis, we demonstrate a weak but significant negative association between age and fluid intelligence. However, we did not observe plausible longitudinal patterns, instead observing a weak increase across testing occasions, and no significant individual differences in rates of change, likely due to the suboptimal task design. Finally, we find support for our preregistered expectation that white- and grey matter make separate contributions to individual differences in fluid intelligence beyond age.
Peculiarities of Quantitative Assessment of Country Risk in Case of International Oil and Gas Projects Implementation
Authors: Власов Д. , Vlasov D.
Published: April 2018

Mitigation of risks becomes one of the key problematic areas of national oil and gas companies in case of low energy prices, prolongation of sanctions regarding Russia and development of alternative energy sources. The study is devoted to development of approach to quantitative assessment of country risk as a tool of oil and gas international projects selection.