bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Patterns of Values Integration in Denominational School Discipline
Authors: Denis Sekiwu  , Nonie M. Botha
Published: May 2021

In line with social justice education, this paper attempts to demystify the pattern of values integration in denominational school discipline by focusing on ways through which values are integrated and the sorts of values emphasized in the denominational school. The researchers evaluated secondary documents such as archival materials, dissertations and school reports with a view of identifying forms of values integration and the types of values widely used in primary and secondary schools of Kampala district. Using a grounded theory approach, it was found out that the roles of School Governing Bodies, the need to promote denominational school interests, the educators role, governments role and the socialization process are some of the ways in which values are imparted. The paper also examines that different values are emphasized by different denominations depending on the divergence of interests and founding philosophies. The paper concludes that in order to build positive discipline, citizenship and social justice education; values integration should be a collective educational responsibility. More so, school stakeholders should harmonize values for purpose of promoting universal education and not their personalized interests at the expense of the learner and the society that is going to take on that learner.
Effect of Dramatization on Speaking Skills ond Academic Achievement In English Among Primary Students
Authors: Amit Kauts  , Monika
Published: May 2021

The present study intends to examine the effect of dramatization on speaking skills and academic achievement in English among primary students. The sample consisted of 240 fifth class students from four co-educational private schools of district Fazilka. The sample was divided into two groups randomly. One of the two groups was designated as Experimental Group and the other as Control Group. Experimental group was taught through Dramatization and the control group was taught through traditional method. The obtained data was analysed using two way Analysis of Variance. The results revealed that (i) Teaching through dramatization was found effective than traditional method with respect to achievement of students in English and gain scores in speaking skills (ii) Boys outperformed girls in case of achievement gain scores (iii) Girls outperformed boys in case of gain scores of speaking skills.
Compulsory Science Policy: Enhancing Gender Equality In Education? A Case Study Of Academic Achievement In Uganda
Authors: Joyce Ayikoru Asiimwe
Published: May 2021

This paper communicates the results of a diagnostic evaluation of the performance of boys and girls in physical sciences at Ordinary level in Uganda after the adoption of the compulsory science policy. The objectives of the study were twofold: to examine the academic performance of boys and girls in the Uganda National Examinations from 2007 to 2010, and to highlight key factors that continue to influence the achievement of students, especially girls in sciences. Data was obtained from five co-educational secondary schools using documentary reviews, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The results revealed that the performance of both boys and girls have further declined after the implementation of the compulsory science policy. However, in comparison to the boys, girls in co-educational schools were still more likely to be among the poorest performers in sciences. This was attributed to a number of factors, key among them being girls' self-concept in sciences, and teachers' perception of girls' abilities in sciences. These findings reiterate the need to mainstream gender into both policy design and implementation.
Leadership in Higher Education and its Implications for Saudi Arabian Society
Authors: Gonaim Faiza
Published: May 2021

The progress of any nation depends on its human resources. The government of Saudi Arabia has recognized the necessity of improving education as a crucial key for the country's advancement in order to compete globally. The budget for higher education has tripled to $15 billion, enabling the establishment of new higher education institutions and the expansion of existing ones (Kreiger, 2007). However, money alone is not sufficient to ensure the advancement of Saudi universities. Leadership is pivotal for higher education to adapt successfully and develop in the changing climate of the 21st century (Delener, 2013; Rena, 2010; Hargrove, 2003). Some possible solutions for the lack of leadership in Saudi universities are suggested with reflection and analysis of their effectiveness.
Scope and Implications of Social Media in the Context of Higher Education: Review of Researches
Authors: Gupta Arun K.
Published: May 2021

Social media are extremely popular online destinations that offer users easy ways to build and maintain relationships with each other, and to disseminate information in an activity referred to as “social networking”. Students, teachers, parents and organisations, in increasing numbers use tools available on social networking sites, to communicate with each other in a fast and cost effective manner. The use of social networking sites to support educational initiatives has also received much attention. Popular social networking sites such as Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, WhatsApp, Flickr, ResearchGate, YouTube, LinkedIn etc. demonstrates an emerging opportunity for students and educators within formal higher education contexts to share ideas, celebrate creativity and participate in an environment which offers immediate feedback from other members of the specific network. The present paper offers an introduction to social networking and emergence and growth of popular social networking sites. This is followed by an extensive review of researches on social media in the context of higher education. The scope and implications of social networking in educational context have also been discussed at length. Finally, major problems and issues involved in the use of social networking have been brought out. The inherent challenges and promises to optimize the use of social media in the context of higher education still require concerted efforts of educational technologies and academicians as conclusive evidence on the effective use of social media for attaining objectives of higher education is lacking at present.
A Study of the Value Orientation of Degree College Students
Authors: Amuthavalli T. G. , Sridevi M.
Published: May 2021

The present study has been conducted to investigate the value orientation of degree college students. The sample consisted of 200-degree college students from Anantapur District in Andhra Pradesh. The data so collected was analysed using Mean, S.D. and t-test. The findings of the study revealed that value orientation of degree college students differed with age. The study also showed that the value orientation of degree college students did not differ with reference to sex and type of family variables. The study also projected that the degree College students preferred venturesome values while least preference was shown for traditional values.
Participation of Secondary Grade Teachers in School Administration for Quality Education
Authors: Hema G.
Published: May 2021

Teachers play a major role in schools both academically and by participating in school administration for ensuring quality education for students. The present investigation was undertaken to study the participation of secondary grade teachers in school administration. The researcher selected 100 teachers teaching in government, government aided and private schools of Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu. A standardized tool (Teacher's Participation in School Administration Scale-TPSAS) was used in the study. To know the participation of secondary grade teachers in school administration, data were collected and Mean and SD were worked out. 't' test was applied to find out significant difference between variables and also used F test, to find out where the difference exists among the groups. This study reveals that the secondary grade teachers have more participation in school administration. The Teachers who take part in school administration are encouraged to avail other benefits in schools. The study also shows that teachers who are doing administrative tasks make them more involved in the quality of education resulting in an enhanced level of students academic performance.
Understanding the Contribution of Visual Methods to Early Childhood Research: A Cross-Cultural Investigation
Authors: Joseph Seyram Agbenyega  , Sunanta Klibthong
Published: May 2021

Research in education has previously been dominated by what Law (2007) terms the “hygienic forms” (p. 33). Hygienic forms apply to positivistic quantitative traditions which claim supremacy over other forms of knowing. In this methodological paper we report on a phenomenon auto-driven visual elicitation approach of an on going research which attempts to make sense of how children (3-5 year olds) in cross-cultural settings understand risk and safety situations in their settings. We reflect on the concern for contextual reflexivity, emanating from the notion that research activity in early childhood education is “in danger of succumbing to political ideology and methodological fashion” (Prosser & Loxley, 2007, p. 1). We argue that research into early childhood education needs to acknowledge the implicit tensions between conventional empirical research and the politics of research methodology and that researchers cannot bring to the fore everything that is there to be known about child development and learning through orthodox mechanistic means. There are quotidian aspects of children's experiences, development and learning which can best be captured by visual methods that combine other approaches like interviews and observations. The paper concludes with some reflections on the ethical dilemmas and validity issues that confront the researcher when the visual and digital are used across cultures with children.
Revitalizing Professionalism in Teachers
Authors: Biswajit Behera
Published: May 2021

The hope of revitalizing school education is driven towards the professional and personal growth of the teacher. The professional preparation of teachers has been recognized to be crucial for the qualitative improvement of education (Kothari Commission, 1964-66). The emphasis in the teacher education programme should be on enabling the trainees to acquire the ability for self-learning and independent thinking. Teachers should have possession of professional knowledge and professional status. Teachers are expected to carry out their professional tasks in accordance with their judgment, without bias. Consistent with the objectives, content, pedagogy and assessment for different stages of the curriculum, the teachers must be oriented and should be constant learners. In this paper, three dimensions of learning are emphasised on the part of professional teachers 1) Cognitive Learning 2) Emotional Learning and 3) Situational Learning. It is understood that in order to strengthen professionalism, the teachers must be allowed for expertise to be shared with a wide range of teachers through conferences. The teacher must be resourceful and practitioner of teaching and learning. Thus, professional learning is practical in character.
Learning Environments of Technologysupported Teacher Education Classrooms in Relation to Gender, Previous Qualifications and Teaching Subjects
Authors: Monika Kumari  , Vandana Goswami  , Adit Gupta
Published: May 2021

The students of 21st century have very high learning expectations. Concept of teaching and learning has changed tremendously due to globalization and explosion of knowledge. New tools of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) may contribute considerably towards all phases of educational process including the area of teacher education. The need for teacher training is widely acknowledged in the light of this development. The aim of this study was to assess students' perceptions of the learning environments of technology supported teacher education classrooms in relation to three variables, i.e., previous qualification, gender and teaching subjects. A sample of 317 students from six classes was taken. The tool used for the study was the modified form of Technology–Rich Outcomes-Focused Learning Environment Inventory (TROFLEI). In these classrooms, different information and communication technology tools like laptops, computers, and multimedia projectors, interactive boards etc. are regularly used to communicate, disseminate, store, and manage curriculum information for the benefit of the students. Results of the study strongly support the reliability and validity of the questionnaire in these classroom settings. The results show that the students perceive their technology-supported learning environment in a positive manner. Results on investigation of previous qualification, gender differences and teaching subjects suggest that there exist some differences in technology-supported learning environments as measured by the TROFLEI.
Together We Learn Better: Enabling Inclusive Education
Authors: Anusuya K. Yadav
Published: May 2021

The inclusive classrooms create students who are comfortable with differences, skilled at confronting challenging issues, and aware of their interconnectedness. Schools are increasingly acknowledging the heterogeneity of their student populations and the need to respond thoughtfully and responsibly to differences in the classroom. It's understandable that educators often feel overwhelmed by growing demands for inclusion, multi cultural education, multiple intelligence, and differentiated instruction to deal with the growing diversity. School communities must be inclusive of all children, and openly recognize the unique contributions that children who have a disability make to community life. It is essential that inclusive education be supported to maintain and strengthen the personal relationships and social networks of children who have a disability. Each child's support must be individualized and flexible, while remaining relevant to its particular needs at the time. This paper appears to directly contradict the understanding of inclusive education as a concept, which is all about embracing diversity in the classroom.
BURDEN OF THE SCHOOL BAG: IS ANYBODY LISTENING?
Authors: Seema S.Ojha
Published: May 2021

In recent years, the weight of students' school bag has become an increasing concern to people with an interest or involvement in education at primary and secondary level. Parents, in particular, have given voice to this concern both as individuals and through their representative organisations. In addition, school authorities and teachers, health professionals and, indeed students themselves have increasingly voiced their unease regarding the heavy loads, which must be carried to and from school on a daily basis. Heavy school bags can be a burden, which tire students unnecessarily. There are also many researches, which have revealed strong correlation between school bag weight and physical problems among all students that can result in serious consequences in the future. So what are the factors, which contribute to the increased burden and weight on school children? Is it the number of textbooks, workbooks and copies , the size and weight of individual textbooks, the additional content and weight of the school bags or some other factors which have an indirect influence on the weight of school bags? These could be the provision of storage facilities, the lack of coordination of homework by teachers, students' lack of organisational skills and awareness in the school authorities of the possible health problems posed by excessively heavy school bags. This paper seeks to address these issues.
CHANGING GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: ITS IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Sarla A Santwani
Published: May 2021

The world today is undergoing profound economic, social, and political transformations based on the 'Knowledge Economy', that depends upon the creation and application of new knowledge. Such an economy demands highly educated people with innovative ideas and skills of application. To produce such personnel is the responsibility of higher education system of a country. Subsequently, a worldwide boom in the demand of higher education is observed, which has resulted in massification of higher education. This has significantly changed the demographics of the student Population worldwide. Such a demographic change in the student population has far and wide impact not only on the structure and types of Universities, patterns of funding higher education and curricula but international relations as well. The present paper attempts to discuss the changing demographic patterns of the global student population, its implications and suggest future directions to adapt to this transformation.
Study of Opinions Related to the Use of Bio- Enabled Attendance System for Improving Punctuality Among Teachers
Authors: Raj Mool , Mahajan Tanishu
Published: May 2021

The study aims to assess the extent of use and adequacy of using the bio-enabled attendance system in educational institutions to develop punctuality among teachers. A fingerprint-based attendance monitoring system was used for this purpose. The sample comprises 70 teachers from an institution where a bio-enabled attendance machine was being used. The investigators collected teachers’ opinions towards using a bio-enabled attendance system for improving their punctuality with the help of a self-prepared questionnaire. The findings reveal that there is a significant difference in the teachers’ opinions towards the use of a bio-enabled attendance system with regards to their residential background and medium of teaching. There is no significant difference in the opinion of the teachers towards the use of a bio-enabled attendance system concerning their gender, computer training and teaching subjects. The results also show that the bio-enabled attendance system contributes towards improving the punctuality of teachers as it is effective, accurate, time-saving and checks the proxy system for marking the attendance.
Compromiso del apéndice cecal por linfoma folicular grado 2. Reporte de un caso de presentación clínica atípica
Authors: Virgili Agustín , Wendichansky Carlos Ernesto , Gonorazky Sara , Nieva Martín
Published: May 2021

The involvement of the appendix by lymphomas, both primarily or secondarily, is extremely rare; primary lymphomas account for less than 0.02% of gastrointestinal neoplasm. We present the rare case of a patient who debuts with low gastrointestinal bleeding as the main symptom. Colonoscopy found an extra mucosal tumour on the posterior aspect of the ceccum and bleeding from the appendicular orifice. Primary appendicular tumour is confirmed on multislice computed tomography and laparoscopic right hemicolectomy is performed. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged on the 6th postoperative day. The pathology report shows a infiltration of the cecal appendix by grade 2 follicular lymphoma.
Resultados de la cirugía en enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: experiencia en un centro de atención terciaria
Authors: Suárez Ferrer Cristina , López Loma de Osorio Víctor , Pascual Miguelañez Isabel , Álvarez Gallego Mario , Gazo Martínez José A , García Ramírez Laura , Martín Arranz Eduardo , Poza Cordon Joaquín , Jaquotot Herranz Marta , Martín Arranz María Dolores
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The development of the therapeutic arsenal in inflammatory bowel disease has reduced the need for surgery in these patients. However, in certain cases, it continues to be the treatment of choice. In addition, the patients who required surgery intervention are more complex due to the therapy received (corticosteroids and immunomodulators) and the time of evolution of the disease. Materials and methods. We included patients under stable follow-up, in the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit of our center, who required surgery between January 2015 and November 2016 for treatment of the underlying pathology. Demographic and baseline disease variables were collected from each patient, as well as those related to the results and safety of the surgery, assessing both early and delayed complications. Results. During the study period, among the 998 patients with stable follow-up in the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, 26 of them underwent surgery representing 2.6% of the sample. 85% of patients were on treatment with an immunomodulator (thiopurines, antiTNF or both) at the time of surgery. Five patients (20%) presented early postoperative complications, most of them mild (Claiven-Dindo I 79.2% and II 16.7%), of whom three (60%) were on combined treatment with azathioprine and an anti-TNF. No deferred complications of surgery were observed during its subsequent evolution. In the patients who underwent abdominal surgery, multivariate analysis showed that the presence of immunosuppressive treatment -at the time of surgery- increased the risk of suffering complications with an odds ratio of 1.66, and the treatment with biliologics, with an odds ratio of 1.457. None of the patients -in whom a complication occurred- were on corticosteroids treatment at the time of surgery. Conclusion. In our experience, the frequency surgery-related complications are low, despite the increasing use of immunosuppressive drugs in our patients.
Wretched African Traditionalists in Kenya: The Challenges and Prospects of Customary Law in the New Constitutional Era
Authors: Osogo  Ambani John , Ahaya Ochieng
Published: May 2021

The modern African judge will be the first to acknowledge that, in many senses, the problems faced by British judges in colonial Africa have not vanished. Almost one hundred percent of the African judiciary is now African. But even though there is no longer the gross disparity of national origin between a judge and his community, a judge often does not come from the particular locality whose ethnic law he is administering. A part from this ethnic question, there is an enormous educational and cultural gap between a senior judge with a western education and the ordinary families he may deal with. Thus, the judicial system may have moved from a problem of race and ethnicity to one of class.
Limits of Targeted Killing in Counterterrorism Operations: An International Law Perspective
Authors: Sang YK Brian
Published: May 2021

Despite criticism of targeted killing of suspected terrorists, states continue to justify extensive bases for lethal-force responses to terrorism by arguing that rigid adherence to prescriptive law cannot always be observed in the context of clear and present danger. But, while seemingly cogent, this view wrongly presumes the mutual exclusivity of security considerations and the imperatives of law. It risks exceeding the limits of permissible use of lethal force prescribed in conventional and customary international law. A contrary and more balanced view is advanced in this article. It argues that current international law protecting individuals against intentional killing offers sufficient and practicable guidance for states confronting terrorism. Systematic legal criteria are thus expounded to clarify the legality and admissible limits of targeted killing of suspected terrorists in three contexts: law enforcement, self-defence and armed conflict. With reference to treaties, policy documents and state practice, the article critically examines the preconditions for lawful state-sanctioned killings in counter-terrorist operations. It also identifies the legal challenges and policy implications of resorting to targeted killing. Using comparative case law and operational practice, a legal basis is offered on which Kenya and other nations can effectively tackle the spectre of terrorism within the fair strictures of the law. Every struggle of the state – against terrorism or any other enemy – is conducted according to rules and law. There is always law which the state must comply with.
Commonification of Food as an Approach for the Achievement of Food Security
Authors: Wasonga Orago Nicholas
Published: May 2021

The commodification of food is one of the many causes of food insecurity as it occasions the inability of poor households to access the available food because of high prices and dysfunctional markets. A change of approach from commodification to commonification to deal with food insecurity at the national, regional and global level is the way to go. As commodification of food is a social construct adopted as a result of deliberate societal policy-making, commonification can similarly be adopted through legal and institutional design at the local, national and international levels; creating polycentric systems for the management of food-producing resources for the local communities. With commonification, decisions relating to the use of local resources for the production, processing, distribution and consumption of food are made at the local level, to ensure that other socioeconomic and cultural aspects of food are considered in the decision-making processes. The integrated aspects of the right to food and food democracy are critical components of the commonification approach to food security.
Sacrosanct? The Challenge in Holding the United Nations Responsible for the Failure to Prevent Genocide
Authors: Mukuki Allan
Published: May 2021

States are collapsing and genocidal acts are being committed or may happen any moment. In these instances, states look to the United Nations (UN) to act in order to prevent genocide from happening. This article seeks to determine if there exists an obligation under international law for the UN to prevent genocide, and in that event, can the UN be held responsible under international law for failure to comply with this obligation? This article further analyses these questions by looking at the aspect of Responsibility to Protect (R2P) which elicits an obligation to prevent genocide first to states and then to the UN. At the very minimum, every state must protect its population from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity. In the case of states failing to undertake this obligation, the UN is bound to step in and undertake this obligation. Hence, this is a responsibility that is an obligation to states first and then to the UN. In summation, this article establishes that the obligation to prevent genocide is a customary international law obligation. Further, the UN is bound by this obligation. However, it is shown that the procedures that are available to address its failure to uphold this obligation are inconsequential since the UN has absolute immunity and any decision, even if holding the UN responsible, cannot be enforced as against it. Neverthless, this article provides some recommendation(s) as to how the UN can play a role in ensuring accountability for failures within its ambit.
Death Penalty under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Some Reflections for African States
Authors: Majodina Zonke
Published: May 2021

As part of the ongoing movement in support of the abolition of the death penalty across the world, this article presents a selection of cases brought before the United Nations Human Rights Committee (the Committee) on violations of the right to life. With a special focus on Zambian cases, the objective is to demonstrate how the Committee’s views reflect its longstanding jurisprudence that the death penalty should only be applied in the most exceptional circumstances.
El derecho a la privacidad digital
Authors: Peri Luciana
Published: May 2021

En este artículo se presenta los resultados jurídicos de la investigación “¿Privacidad digital para defensoras y defensores de derechos humanos? Un estudio sobre cómo los marcos legales de El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua pueden ser utilizados para la protección, criminalización y/o vigilancia digital de defensoras y defensores de derechos humanos”, la cual fue realizada por Fundación Acceso en el año 2015. Lo que se busca es analizar los marcos legales vigentes en estos cuatro países relacionados con el derecho a la privacidad digital, en internet y en las telecomunicaciones, tanto en el plano constitucional, como en otras leyes y jurisprudencia, para lo que se toma como referencia los estándares internacionales en la materia.
La necesidad de relatos críticos y contrahegemónicos sobre pobreza y empobrecimiento en la formación de liderazgos emprendedores
Authors: Ayérdiz Danny Ramírez
Published: May 2021

En este artículo el autor reflexiona sobre los relatos y otros discursos sobre pobreza y empobrecimiento expresados por las y los participantes de dos procesos de formación en liderazgo social y emprendedor en los que participó como facilitador en 2015. El autor plantea la necesidad de que los nuevos cuadros de emprendedores en situación de pobreza, deben tener la habilidad de cuestionar críticamente al sistema empresarial tradicional monopólico, que como parte del capitalismo, genera, esparce y reproduce la pobreza y el empobrecimiento sistemático. Al conocer los orígenes y agentes que desencadenan la pobreza, los emprendedores pueden explorar en la economía social opciones distintas a la empresa capitalista.
Los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes de Nicaragua:
Authors: Acosta María Luisa
Published: May 2021

La Academia de Ciencias de Nicaragua, con esta oportunidad, me facilita la ocasión para reflexionar sobre lo que ha sido mi trabajo junto a los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes de Nicaragua en los últimos 24 años; pero no sólo sirve la ocasión para pensar sobre el aporte brindado en el desarrollo de la legislación y la jurisprudencia nacional e internacional en esta materia, sino que también sirva la ocasión para reflexionar sobre lo que esto ha significado para mí, como persona: ya que no se puede separar lo uno de lo otro.
Prototipo de estación de carga para baterías de aparatos electrónicos con energía renovable usando paneles solares para la Universidad de Oriente
Authors: Molina Villegas Manfredy Alberto , Hernández Durán Hernán José
Published: May 2021

Este proyecto pretende establecer un prototipo de estación de carga a partir del uso de panel solar como propuesta de energía limpia ante los múltiples problemas ambientales por el cambio climático; aprovechando la abundante luz solar de la ciudad de San Miguel, El Salvador. La estación de carga solar se diseñó como un quiosco para mayor comodidad de sus usuarios, con una mesa de madera de 1.5 m2, 6 sillas de madera, un techo de 2.4 x 0.30 m2 de lámina zinc alum, una caja cuadrada —en el centro de la mesa— donde encajan 4 tomacorrientes dobles y 4 puertos USB. En la parte eléctrica y fotovoltaica, se hicieron diferentes cálculos para determinar la cantidad y potencia de los materiales y equipos. Se realizó el cálculo estimado de consumo de los dispositivos que se conectarían al cargador solar, 4 tomacorrientes dobles, 2 luces led y un sensor de movimiento, luego se calcularon aspectos técnicos como cantidad y potencia del panel solar que se necesitaría y el rendimiento general de equipos a utilizar. El sistema fotovoltaico ilumina de manera autónoma al no recibir luz solar y detectar el movimiento de personas. El prototipo aporta, un ahorro de energía en la red eléctrica de la Universidad de Oriente y brinda beneficios de conectividad a estudiantes, docentes, visitantes en el campus. Los resultados han sido favorables con la estación de carga; con el aprovechamiento de la luz natural del sol, sin afectar el medio ambiente, se fomenta el uso de las energías renovables y, a su vez, ha tenido una demanda bastante alta por parte de sus usuarios. Esto es indispensable para combatir el cambio climático, pues aporta, a su vez, un ahorro de energía de la red eléctrica para la Universidad de Oriente.
Calidad educativa: “Una visión y práctica de innovación y desarrollo curricular en educación superior para Centroamérica”
Authors: Ruiz de Campos Maritza
Published: May 2021

El desarrollo del artículo hace una referencia cronológica del estado de las teorías de la educación y como éstas se han ido desarrollando través de la práctica didáctica pedagógica y como siguen predominado en algunos enfoques educativos, se aborda la educación y su relación con la gestión educativa a nivel de educación superior, las principales tendencias de la esencia e innovación curricular y de la educación, su impacto en el desarrollo para las Educación Superior en Centroamérica, la innovación y desarrollo curricular como una práctica de tecnología educativa. La calidad educativa, debe actualmente centrarse por supuesto en una visión y práctica de innovación y desarrollo curricular a nivel de una educación superior más inclusiva, lo cual deriva de un modelo de gestión y desarrollo institucional de las instituciones para impartir los diferentes programas y carreras en el nivel de educación superior, esto conllevará a generar ranking en calidad educativa y, por supuesto, esto impactará como indicador de desarrollo para cada uno de las carreras y programas educativos, que lleven la excelencia como práctica en la formación de los estudiantes, y puedan también insertarse a los programas de internacionalización de la educación.
Evaluación de la calidad de vida relacionada al climaterio y menopausia
Authors: Argueta Álvarez Roxana
Published: May 2021

El climaterio es un periodo de transición que pone término a la capacidad reproductiva de la mujer. Inicia antes de que se produzca el cese del periodo menstrual; mientras que la menopausia se caracteriza por ausencia total, provocando alteraciones somáticas, psicológicas y genitourinarias. Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de vida de las mujeres en la etapa del climaterio y la menopausia. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo, en mujeres de la zona oriental, con criterio de inclusión de edades entre 45 y 55 años. El instrumento utilizado fue la Escala de Puntuación Menopáusica (Menopause Rating Scale, MRS), incluyendo preguntas relacionadas a la salud en general. Principios éticos: previo consentimiento informado de cada una de las participantes, respetando el derecho de confidencialidad.Resultados: Participaron 123 mujeres, los síntomas más frecuentes, con escala de valor desde leve a intolerable, son las molestias musculares y articulares (86%) a ellas le sigue el cansancio físico y mental (82%) y la irritabilidad (76%). Según los dominios que componen la escala MRS, se presentan con mayor frecuencia los de naturaleza psicológica, paralelamente relacionados al somato vegetativo.Conclusiones / Recomendaciones: el diagnóstico de patologías como hipertensión y diabetes en las pacientes influye en la severidad de la sintomatología, repercutiendo directamente en la calidad de vida de las mismas. Es importante considerar la vulnerabilidad de la familia dentro de los programas de atención a la mujer en este proceso, contribuyendo a la asimilación y mejora de la calidad de vida de la mujer.
Cicloturismo em área rural do município de São Bernardo, Maranhão
Authors: Sousa Rodrigo Olavo Costa , Carvalho Karoliny Diniz
Published: May 2021

O presente estudo possui como objetivo principal analisar as contribuições do cicloturismo para o desenvolvimento da atividade turística no município de São Bernardo, Maranhão. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa caracterizou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa valendo-se da pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter exploratório e descritivo e da pesquisa de campo. Buscou-se as análises de autores como Oliveira e Anunciação (2003), Lanzillotta (2013) e Lima (2015) que entendem o cicloturismo como uma experiência turística de interpretação das áreas urbanas e naturais, sustentabilidade e valorização das comunidades. Constatou-se que no município de São Bernardo existe uma demanda de consumo das áreas naturais sob a forma de excursionismo, tanto por parte dos residentes, como por parte de visitantes em nível regional. O município possui atrativos turísticos potenciais, sobretudo nos povoados que ainda guardam elementos de ruralidade e que podem se converter em fatores de atratividade turística em longo prazo. Nesse particular, o cicloturismo pode ser uma alternativa viável para iniciar o processo de valorização do lugar, suas memórias e paisagens e, consequentemente, ancorar perspectivas de desenvolvimento em bases locais.
Listening to Latinx Students through Translanguaging
Authors:   Queens College, Velasco Patricia
Published: May 2021

"Are you listening to me?” We often hear this question in classrooms where teachers are aiming to garner the students’ attention. Listening is also emphasized in the Speaking and Listening Common Core State Standards as well as in the Next Generation Learning Standards. It seems that the students are the ones expected to do all the listening while teachers do most of the talking.
Seeing in Writing: A Case Study of a Multilingual Graduate Writing Instructor’s Socialization through Multimodality
Authors:   Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Sánchez-Martín Cristina
Published: May 2021

With growing numbers of multilinguals becoming writing instructors and scholars in the U.S. composition context, it is urgent to understand how multilingual graduate instructors of writing socialization processes are mediated by multimodal elements rather than just textual forms of language. This article reports on an ethnographically-oriented case study to respond to the following questions: (1) Does multimodality contribute to a multilingual graduate instructor’s socialization into writing and the teaching of writing? If yes, in what ways does multimodality interact with the writer’s language repertoire? (2) How does the multilingual graduate instructor’s multimodal writing and teaching of writing impact other academic practices? Through systematic thematic coding and multimodal textual analysis of questionnaires, a classroom observation, writing materials, and a semi-structured interview, the study reveals that the participant, a graduate teacher of writing, transitioned from isolation to socialization through multimodality while developing a gendered consciousness. In addition, her identity shifted in power hierarchies as socialization enabled researching and teaching through multimodal and multisensorial identity.
“They Make Me Who I Am Today”: A Science Teacher’s Narrated Positioning, Agency, and Mediated Pedagogy with Multilingual Students
Authors:   St. John's University, Wang Min
Published: May 2021

Informed by theorizing positioning and agency, this article presents a case study by examining a science teacher’s positioning acts and her agency development in a middle school in New York City. An analysis of this teacher’s teaching narratives reveals that when she positioned her emergent multilingual students as “whole people,” who had social, cultural, emotional, and linguistic needs, she utilized their lived experiences as inspirations and resources to modify and inform instruction. The mediated pedagogy, developed by considering her students’ complicated and frustrating realities outside of the classroom, made them feel greater self-worth and valued, and encouraged them to persevere in school. Findings suggest that this teachers’ positive positioning acts inspired by her multilingual students' lived experiences can trigger positive agency, which can become a direct driving force for pedagogical decisions and transformation. It also can contribute to emergent multilingual students' positive self-positioning and stimulate and develop their agency for active and engaged classroom participation and interaction.
High-Fidelity Wrist Fracture Phantom as a Training Tool to Develop Competency in Orthopaedic Surgical Trainees
Authors: Raeker-Jordan Elisha A. , Martinez Miguel , Aziz Keith T. , Miles Megan R. , Means Kenneth R. , LaPorte Dawn M. , Giladi Aviram M. , Shimada Kenji
Published: May 2021

Background:

This article will describe the development of a low-cost 3D-printed medical phantom of the arm with a distal radius fracture (DRF) to facilitate training of reduction and splinting techniques. The phantom incorporates tactile responses and visual stimuli from fluoroscopy to assist skill acquisition in a clinical setting. This provides feedback to trainees to help them develop competency and knowledge before providing care to patients.

Methods:

Phantoms were developed through advice and feedback from fellowship-trained hand surgeons and orthopaedic senior and junior residents. Phantoms were then pilot tested during a surgical skills examination, with residents having minimal previous exposure to distal radial reduction techniques. Residents were evaluated on procedure speed and accuracy by attending surgeons using the objective structured assessment of technical skills. Residents then completed a written knowledge examination about relevant requirements of DRF management and feedback on their opinion of the exercise using the Likert scale.

Results:

Residents who passed the hands-on examination also scored higher on the written examination. All residents reported that the phantom was beneficial and motivating as part of their overall training.

Discussion:

Real-time feedback using a phantom limb and fluoroscopic imaging, in conjunction with guidance from surgeons, allows residents to learn and practice DRF reduction and splinting techniques. These educational exercises are relatively low-cost and remove the risk of potential harm to patients during early skill acquisition. This training method may be a predictor of surgical performance in addition to providing assessment of background knowledge. Additional training sessions will be required to determine the effect of repeat exposure to residents' proficiency and comprehension.
Staroverstvo - the Old Religion - the Slovene Pre-Christian Religion
Authors: Perdih Anton
Published: May 2021

The data about staroverstvo, i.e. about the pre-Christian religion in three regions in Slovenia are reviewed. The most archaic of them is the Posoško staroverstvo - the Old Religion around the upper Soča River valley. For it is characteristic the single, female god, the Great Mother, a number of spirits, importance of triangular features, rocks, caves, stone and wood, way of life in peace, reincarnation of souls. The Kraško staroverstvo - the Old Religion in the Karst region is intermediate between it and the East Slavic pre-Christian religion. The influence of the arrival of agriculture about 7,500 years ago is indicated in it. The Dolenjsko staroverstvo - the Old Religion in Western Lower Carniola reflects the Iron Age situation. Characteristic for it is the revering of waters as well as the neighboring hill-forts and bird-hills. The hill-forts started to be erected on the intrusion from east of the Y chromosome haplogroup R1b people about 6,500 years ago. The bird-hills served the birds, which would carry the soul of the deceased into the other world, possibly onto the other side of the moon. All these Old Religions indicate that the ancestors of Slovenes did not arrive in the 6th Century AD from east of the Carpathian Mountains but were aboriginal in Slovenia.
ON THE SPIN REAL PROJECTIVE BUNDLE
Authors: YU CHERNG-YIH , LIN KUEN-HUEI
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we give a characterization of spin real projective bundles. We also construct special spin real projective bundls over real projective space.
ON $L^2_W$ QUASI-DERIVATIVES FOR SOLUTIONS OF PERTURBED GENERAL QUASI-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: IBRAHIM SOBHY EL-SAYED
Published: May 2021

This paper is concerned with square integrable quasi-derivatives for any solution of a general quasi-differential equations of nth order with complex coefficients $M[y] -\lambda wy = w f(t, y^{[0]}, \cdots ,y^{[n- 1]})$, $t \in [a,b)$ provided that all $r$th quasi-derivatives of solutions of $M[y] -\lambda wy = 0$ and all solutions of its formal adjoint $M^+[z] -\lambda wz = 0$ are in $L _W^2(a, b)$ and under suitable conditions on the function $f$.
ON WARPED PRODUCT MANIFOLDS - CONFORMAL FLATNESS AND CONSTANT SCALAR CURVATURE PROBLEM
Authors: YANG KWANG-WU
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we study some geometric properties on doubly or singly warped­ product manifolds. In general, on a fixed topological product manifold, the problem for finding warped-product metrics satisfying certain curvature conditions are finally reduced to find positive solutions of linear or non-linear differential equations. Here, we are mainly interested in the following problems on essentially warped-product manifolds: one is the sufficient and necessary conditions for conformal flatness, and the other is to find warped-product metrics so that their scalar curvatures are contants.
Simulação discreta aplicada à gestão de filas no varejo
Authors: Moraes Diego Galileu de , Silva Adriano Maniçoba da
Published: May 2021

A concorrência em mercados varejistas tem se tornado cada vez mais acirrada e com isso há uma preocupação crescente com a qualidade no atendimento como diferencial competitivo. Nessa perspectiva, a gestão de filas é um importante aliado e para tal, a utilização de técnicas de simulação de eventos discretos se faz extremamente útil, apesar das poucas pesquisas desenvolvidas. Desta forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar o dimensionamento de atendentes nos caixas de um supermercado a fim de verificar o impacto no atendimento devido a variação dos resultados decorrente da alteração no número de atendentes. Foi possível constatar que o método de simulação de eventos discretos combinado com a simulação computacional permite analisar cenários diversos apoiando as tomadas de decisão para o dimensionamento adequado do número de atendentes nos caixas, a viabilidade e o ponto de ruptura entre o fluxo contínuo de clientes e a geração de filas.
Implementação da modelagem da informação da construção (BIM) em projetos pesquisa e proposta de melhoria no contexto da governança, risco e conformidade (GRC)
Authors: Oliveira Emerson Viana de , Zaidan Fernando Hadad
Published: May 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar os ganhos com o desenvolvimento e a implementação de um modelo de compatibilização entre projetos, planejamento e custos na ótica do building information modeling (BIM), em empresas de engenharia, com estruturas de governança, riscos e conformidade (GRC), que priorizam a melhoria nos resultados corporativos. A identificação e eliminação de conflitos e interferências de espaço e tempo durante a construção é apontada como maior benefício do BIM. A integração e a comunicação entre todos os envolvidos no projeto também têm seu grau de importância evidenciado e a redução do esforço na visualização e interpretação mental do planejamento é destaque em termos de aplicabilidade dos projetos. Como conclusão, a combinação das dimensões 3D, 4D e 5D do BIM, em empresas de engenharia que adotarem políticas estruturadas de GRC, garante impactos positivos nos resultados dos empreendimentos. Recomenda-se este estudo para os profissionais que se interessem pela inovação e ampliação dos conhecimentos dos benefícios da implementação do BIM, bem como perceber como as políticas de GRC podem ser avaliadas.
Impact of Manganese on Pollen Germination and Tube Growth in Lily
Authors: Sawidis Thomas , Baycu Gülriz , Weryszko-Chmielewska Elżbieta , Sulborska Aneta
Published: May 2021

In vitro culture of
Lilium longiflorum
pollen grains was carried out to determine the role of manganese in pollen germination and pollen tube growth. Pollen germination was adversely affected by the presence of manganese (>10
−8
M), whereas low concentrations (10
−12
–10
−10
M) stimulated the process. Manganese caused morphological anomalies during tube growth, characterized by irregular pollen tube thickening and swollen tips. The main effect was the anomalous cell wall formation at the tip, in which the presence of several organelles reduced the number of secretory vesicles. A loose network of fibrillar material and spherical aggregates, mostly in the tip region, was detected, and this material was progressively loosened into the surrounding medium. As a response to potential toxicity, the excess manganese was isolated in vacuoles, which formed an internal barrier against penetration of manganese to the tip area. Elevated manganese concentrations might affect plant reproduction, resulting in anomalies in gamete development. Consequently, the loss in genetic diversity and decreased fruit set ultimately lower yield.