bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association between skin auto-fluorescence of palmoplantar sites and microvascular complications in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kim Jong Jin , Jeong Bosu , Cho Yongin , Kwon Mi-hyang , Lee Yong-ho , Kang Uk , Kang Eun Seok
Published: April 2018

Skin auto-fluorescence (SAF) has generated broad interest about the prospects for non-invasive advanced glycation end product assessment and its direct interplay with the development of microvascular complications, but clinical application of the existing SAF measuring of non-palmoplantar sites in non-Caucasian subjects with dark skin type is still controversial. Here, we tested the diabetic complication screening performance of a novel SAF measuring system in Asian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects. A total of 166 Korean patients with T2DM were enrolled in this study and palmoplantar SAF was measured by a newly developed transmission-geometry noninvasive optical system. We found that transmitted SAF values of palmoplantar sites, 1st dorsal interossei muscles of the hand, in a complication group were significantly higher than in a non-complication group while no differences were observed between the two groups in reflected SAF of non-palmoplantar sites. The transmitted SAF values of palmoplantar sites were dramatically increased in subjects with multiple complications and were tightly correlated with the duration of microvascular complications. In conclusion, the SAF measurement in the palmoplantar sites with a non-invasive transmission-geometry optical system provided better microvascular complication screening performance compared to the SAF measurement of non-palmoplantar sites specifically in Asian T2DM subjects.
Springtime photoinhibition constrains regeneration of forest floor seedlings of Abies sachalinensis after a removal of canopy trees during winter
Authors: Kitao Mitsutoshi , Harayama Hisanori , Han Qingmin , Agathokleous Evgenios , Uemura Akira , Furuya Naoyuki , Ishibashi Satoshi
Published: April 2018

A clear-cutting of canopy trees during winter often causes severe foliar damage during the following spring in forest floor seedlings of Abies sachalinensis, a typical shade-tolerant evergreen coniferous species. The maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II after an overnight dark adaptation showed a temporary decrease immediately before budbreak in 1-year-old shoots of A. sachalinensis seedlings grown under full sunlight in a nursery, suggesting “springtime photoinhibition” related to the phenology of evergreen coniferous species. In the field, a greater rate of canopy tree cutting during winter was associated with more severe photoinhibition in the following spring, immediately before budbreak, which subsequently resulted in a reduction in carbon gain in 1-year-old shoots, and consequently suppressed the growth of current-year shoots. Although photoinhibition under low temperature is a well-known factor to determine the survival rate of tree seedlings during winter in cool regions, the present study additionally proposes that the temporary increase in the susceptibility to photoinhibition in springtime i.e. “springtime photoinhibition” would be a constraint for the regeneration of coniferous seedlings especially when the canopy trees are removed during winter.
A Legionella pneumophila amylase is essential for intracellular replication in human macrophages and amoebae
Authors: Best Ashley , Price Christopher , Ozanic Mateja , Santic Marina , Jones Snake , Abu Kwaik Yousef
Published: April 2018

Legionella pneumophila invades protozoa with an “accidental” ability to cause pneumonia upon transmission to humans. To support its nutrition during intracellular residence, L. pneumophila relies on host amino acids as the main source of carbon and energy to feed the TCA cycle. Despite the apparent lack of a requirement for glucose for L. pneumophila growth in vitro and intracellularly, the organism contains multiple amylases, which hydrolyze polysaccharides into glucose monomers. Here we describe one predicted putative amylase, LamB, which is uniquely present only in L. pneumophila and L. steigerwaltii among the ~60 species of Legionella. Our data show that LamB has a strong amylase activity, which is abolished upon substitutions of amino acids that are conserved in the catalytic pocket of amylases. Loss of LamB or expression of catalytically-inactive variants of LamB results in a severe growth defect of L. pneumophila in Acanthamoeba polyphaga and human monocytes-derived macrophages. Importantly, the lamB null mutant is severely attenuated in intra-pulmonary proliferation in the mouse model and is defective in dissemination to the liver and spleen. Our data show an essential role for LamB in intracellular replication of L. pneumophila in amoeba and human macrophages and in virulence in vivo.
Innovatively Therapeutic Strategy on Lung Cancer by Daily
Drinking Antioxidative Plasmon-Induced Activated Water
Authors: Wang Chien-Kai , Chen Hsiao-Chien , Fang Sheng-Uei , Ho Chia-Wen , Tai Cheng-Jeng , Yang Chih-Ping , Liu Yu-Chuan
Published: April 2018

Many human diseases are inflammation-related, such as cancer and those
associated with aging. Previous studies demonstrated that plasmon-induced activated
(PIA) water with electron-doping character, created from hot electron transfer via
decay of excited Au nanoparticles (NPs) under resonant illumination, owns reduced
hydrogen-bonded networks and physchemically antioxidative properties. In this study,
it is demonstrated PIA water dramatically induced a major antioxidative Nrf2 gene in human gingival fibroblasts which further
confirms its cellular antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore,
mice implanted with mouse Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC-1) cells drinking PIA water
alone or together with cisplatin treatment showed improved survival time compared to
mice which consumed only deionized (DI) water. With the combination of PIA water and
cisplatin administration, the survival time of LLC-1-implanted mice markedly
increased to 8.01 ± 0.77 days compared to 6.38 ± 0.61 days of mice given cisplatin
and normal drinking DI water. This survival time of 8.01 ± 0.77 days compared to
4.62 ± 0.71 days of mice just given normal drinking water is statistically
significant (p = 0.009). Also, the gross
observations and eosin staining results suggested that LLC-1-implanted mice drinking
PIA water tended to exhibit less metastasis than mice given only DI water.
Comparison of an unsupervised machine learning algorithm and surgeon diagnosis in the clinical differentiation of metopic craniosynostosis and benign metopic ridge
Authors: Cho Min-Jeong , Hallac Rami R. , Effendi Maleeh , Seaward James R. , Kane Alex A.
Published: April 2018

Metopic suture closure can manifest as a benign metopic ridge (BMR), a variant of normal, to “true” metopic craniosynostosis (MCS), which is associated with severe trigonocephaly. Currently, there is no gold standard for how much associated orbitofrontal dysmorphology should trigger surgical intervention. In our study, we used three-dimensional (3D) curvature analysis to separate the phenotypes along the spectrum, and to compare surgeons’ thresholds for operation. Three-dimensional curvature analyses on 43 subject patients revealed that the mean curvature of mid-forehead vertical ridge was higher for patients who underwent operation than those who did not undergo operation by 1.3 m−1 (p < 0.0001). In addition, these patients had more retruded supraorbital areas by −16.1 m−1 (p < 0.0001). K-means clustering classified patients into two different severity groups, and with the exception of 2 patients, the algorithm’s classification of deformity completely agreed with the surgeons’ decisions to offer either conservative or operative therapy (i.e. 96% agreement). The described methods are effective in classifying severity of deformity and in our experience closely approximate surgeon therapeutic decision making. These methods offer the possibility to consistently determine when surgical intervention may be beneficial and to avoid unnecessary surgeries on children with benign metopic ridge and associated minimal orbitofrontal deformity.
Computational Protein Design with Deep Learning Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Jingxue , Cao Huali , Zhang John Z. H. , Qi Yifei
Published: April 2018

Computational protein design has a wide variety of applications. Despite its remarkable success, designing a protein for a given structure and function is still a challenging task. On the other hand, the number of solved protein structures is rapidly increasing while the number of unique protein folds has reached a steady number, suggesting more structural information is being accumulated on each fold. Deep learning neural network is a powerful method to learn such big data set and has shown superior performance in many machine learning fields. In this study, we applied the deep learning neural network approach to computational protein design for predicting the probability of 20 natural amino acids on each residue in a protein. A large set of protein structures was collected and a multi-layer neural network was constructed. A number of structural properties were extracted as input features and the best network achieved an accuracy of 38.3%. Using the network output as residue type restraints improves the average sequence identity in designing three natural proteins using Rosetta. Moreover, the predictions from our network show ~3% higher sequence identity than a previous method. Results from this study may benefit further development of computational protein design methods.
Individual and shared effects of social environment and polygenic risk scores on adolescent body mass index
Authors: Coleman Jonathan R. I. , Krapohl Eva , Eley Thalia C. , Breen Gerome
Published: April 2018

Juvenile obesity is associated with adverse health outcomes. Understanding genetic and environmental influences on body mass index (BMI) during adolescence could inform interventions. We investigated independent and interactive effects of parenting, socioeconomic status (SES) and polygenic risk on BMI pre-adolescence, and on the rate of change in BMI across adolescence. Genome-wide genotype data, BMI and child perceptions of parental warmth and punitive discipline were available at 11 years old, and parental SES was available from birth on 3,414 unrelated participants. Linear models were used to test the effects of social environment and polygenic risk on pre-adolescent BMI. Change in BMI across adolescence was assessed in a subset (N = 1943). Sex-specific effects were assessed. Higher genetic risk was associated with increased BMI pre-adolescence and across adolescence (p < 0.00417, corrected for multiple tests). Negative parenting was not significantly associated with either phenotype, but lower SES was associated with increased BMI pre-adolescence. No interactions passed correction for multiple testing. Polygenic risk scores from adult GWAS meta-analyses are associated with BMI in juveniles, suggesting a stable genetic component. Pre-adolescent BMI was associated with social environment, but parental style has, at most, a small effect.
Identification of odorous constituents of southern yellow pine and China fir wood: the effects of extractive removal
Authors: Liu Ru , Wang Chen , Huang Anmin , Lv Bin
Published: April 2018

In this study, the odors of two types of softwood species, namely southern yellow pine (Pinus spp.) and China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.), were identified and extracted with ethanol–toluene for the removal of extractives.
A ratiometric iron probe enables investigation of iron distribution within tumour spheroids
Authors: Carney Isaac J. , Kolanowski Jacek L. , Lim Zelong , Chekroun Benjamin , Torrisi Angela G. , Hambley Trevor W. , New Elizabeth J.
Published: April 2018

A coumarin–calcein conjugate responds to changes in subcellular iron levels and enables study of iron chelation agents.
Human Mn-superoxide dismutase inactivation by peroxynitrite: a paradigm of metal-catalyzed tyrosine nitrationin vitroandin vivo
Authors: Demicheli Verónica , Moreno Diego M. , Radi Rafael
Published: April 2018

Nitration of human MnSOD at active site Tyr34 represents a biologically-relevant oxidative post-translational modification that causes enzyme inactivation.
Polarization-independent broadband meta-holograms via polarization-dependent nanoholes
Authors: Zhang Xiaohu , Li Xiong , Jin Jinjin , Pu Mingbo , Ma Xiaoliang , Luo Jun , Guo Yinghui , Wang Changtao , Luo Xiangang
Published: April 2018

The same holographic image can be achieved even though different polarization light is incident on the meta-hologram.
Large-scale fabrication of free-standing and sub-μm PDMS through-hole membranes
Authors: Le-The Hai , Tibbe Martijn , Loessberg-Zahl Joshua , Palma do Carmo Marciano , van der Helm Marinke , Bomer Johan , van den Berg Albert , Leferink Anne , Segerink Loes , Eijkel Jan
Published: April 2018

A robust and simple method was developed for large-scale fabrication of free-standing and sub-μm PDMS through-hole membranes for biomedical applications.
Inchworm bipedal nanowalker
Authors: Chiang Y. H. , Tsai S. L. , Tee S. R. , Nair O. L. , Loh I. Y. , Liu M. H. , Wang Z. S.
Published: April 2018

A DNA bipedal walker shows stride-controlled gait switch and direction reversal.
Regional feature extraction of various fishes based on chemical and microbial variable selection using machine learning
Authors: Asakura Taiga , Sakata Kenji , Date Yasuhiro , Kikuchi Jun
Published: April 2018

We introduce a method for extracting regional and habitat features of various fish species based on chemical and microbial correlations that incorporate integrated analysis and a variable selection approach.
Co-delivery of timolol and hyaluronic acid from semi-circular ring-implanted contact lenses for the treatment of glaucoma:in vitroandin vivoevaluation
Authors: Desai Ankita R. , Maulvi Furqan A. , Pandya Mihir M. , Ranch Ketan M. , Vyas Bhavin A. , Shah Shailesh A. , Shah Dinesh O.
Published: April 2018

Controlled drug release from semi-circular drug-loaded ring-implanted contact lenses.
Biomimetic neural scaffolds: a crucial step towards optimal peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Du Jian , Chen Huanwen , Qing Liming , Yang Xiuli , Jia Xiaofeng
Published: April 2018

This review highlights recent advances in biomimetic neural scaffolds, their clinical applicability, and possible synergy with other nerve regeneration technologies.
Solvent-modulation of the structure and dimensionality in lanthanoid–anilato coordination polymers
Authors: Benmansour Samia , Pérez-Herráez Irene , Cerezo-Navarrete Christian , López-Martínez Gustavo , Martínez Hernández Cristian , Gómez-García Carlos J.
Published: April 2018

Solvents play a key role in modulating the dimensionality and structure of lanthanoid–chloranilato coordination polymers.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-stabilized gold nanoparticles with tunable sizes
Authors: Bridonneau N. , Hippolyte L. , Mercier D. , Portehault D. , Desage-El Murr M. , Marcus P. , Fensterbank L. , Chanéac C. , Ribot F.
Published: April 2018

A simple and direct way to NHC-protected gold nanoparticles with tuned sizes.
Synthesis, structures and luminescence properties of amine-bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) copper(i) and silver(i) complexes
Authors: Lu Taotao , Wang Jin-Yun , Shi Lin-Xi , Chen Zhong-Ning , Chen Xue-Tai , Xue Zi-Ling
Published: April 2018

Mononuclear Ag(i), Cu(i) and heterometallic Cu(i)/Ag(i) complexes with the tridentate amine-bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) were prepared, among which Cu(i)- and Cu/Ag complexes show luminescence properties.
Molecular dynamics simulation of potentiometric sensor response: the effect of biomolecules, surface morphology and surface charge
Authors: Lowe B. M. , Skylaris C.-K. , Green N. G. , Shibuta Y. , Sakata T.
Published: April 2018

A molecular dynamics methodology for a detailed potentiometric response prediction is presented and silica's amorphicity was found to affect its pH sensitivity.
A general strategy for tailoring upconversion luminescence in lanthanide-doped inorganic nanocrystals through local structure engineering
Authors: Fu Huhui , Peng Pengfei , Li Renfu , Liu Caiping , Liu Yongsheng , Jiang Feilong , Hong Maochun , Chen Xueyuan
Published: April 2018

We report a series of Yb3+/Er3+co-doped alkaline zirconium fluoride nanocrystals to thoroughly understand the origin underlying the local-structure-dependent upconversion luminescence.
Ordered nanopore arrays with large interpore distances via one-step anodization
Authors: Mínguez-Bacho I. , Scheler F. , Büttner P. , Bley K. , Vogel N. , Bachmann J.
Published: April 2018

We prepare arrays of cylindrical pores featuring large periods (460 nm and 600 nm) by anodization of aluminum. A self-ordered monolayer of nanospheres drives the subsequent pore ordering and yields a quality of order significantly improved with respect to the traditional two-step anodization procedure.
Darzens reaction of thioisatins and sulfonium salts: approach to the synthesis of thiochromenone derivatives with anticancer potency
Authors: Shen Jinhui , Yang Yang , Hou Xiaoli , Zeng Wenlei , Yu Aimin , Zhao Xiaowei , Meng Xiangtai
Published: April 2018

A new Darzens reaction of thioisatins and sulfonium salts has, for the first time, been reported. Some of the synthesized thiochromenone derivatives have been found to show good potent anticancer activities against six different cancer cell lines.
Visible light induced tetramethylethylenediamine assisted formylation of imidazopyridines
Authors: Kibriya Golam , Bagdi Avik K. , Hajra Alakananda
Published: April 2018

A metal-free visible light induced C-3 formylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine has been developed using tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) as a one carbon source under ambient air.
The effect of varying the anion of an ionic liquid on the solvent effects on a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction
Authors: Hawker Rebecca R. , Haines Ronald S. , Harper Jason B.
Published: April 2018

Variety of ionic liquids with different anions used as solvents for a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction.
Metal-free oxidative decarbonylative alkylation of chromones using aliphatic aldehydes
Authors: Chen Rongzhen , Yu Jin-Tao , Cheng Jiang
Published: April 2018

A decarbonylative alkylation of chromones via radical conjugate addition under metal-free conditions was developed using aliphatic aldehydes as alkylating reagents.
Reactive group effects on the photophysical and biological properties of 2-phenyl-1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole derivatives as fluorescent markers
Authors: Krawczyk Przemysław , Czeleń Przemysław , Cysewski Piotr
Published: April 2018

The presence of a pyridyl disulfide group limits the use of phenanthroimidazole derivatives in medical imaging, while the introduction of an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester along with changes to the PhI backbone may be used to create valuable fluorescent probes for applications in biomedical imaging.
Facile synthesis of recyclable Zn(ii)-metallosupramolecular polymers and the visual detection of tensile strength and glass transition temperature
Authors: Yang Li , Wang Cheng , Xu Yewei , Luo Xuan , Chang Guanjun
Published: April 2018

A series of recyclable crosslinked Zn(ii)-metallosupramolecular coordination polymers are successfully achieved, of which tensile strength and Tg could be visually detected.
Peroxidase-like Fe3O4 nanocomposite for activatable reactive oxygen species generation and cancer theranostics
Authors: Zhang Kai , Yang Zhou , Meng Xiangdan , Cao Yu , Zhang Yuedong , Dai Wenhao , Lu Huiting , Yu Zhaofeng , Dong Haifeng , Zhang Xueji
Published: April 2018

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) that utilizes apoptosis induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) has received extensive attention for use in practical cancer therapy.
Directionally assembled MoS2with significantly expanded interlayer spacing: a superior anode material for high-rate lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wei Qilin , Gao Min-Rui , Li Yan , Zhang Dongtang , Wu Siyu , Chen Zonghai , Sun Yugang
Published: April 2018

Interlayer-expanded MoS2nanosheets directionally assembled on multi-walled carbon nanotubes represent a new class of anode materials for lithium ion batteries with superior high rate capacity.
Collision cascades interact with an edge dislocation in bcc Fe: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Wang Hao , Tian Ji-Ting , Zhou Wei , Chen Xiao-Fei , Bai Bin , Xue Jian-Ming
Published: April 2018

Four characteristic phenomena are observed during the cascade–ED interactions.
Environmentally sustainable biogenic fabrication of AuNP decorated-graphitic g-C3N4nanostructures towards improved photoelectrochemical performances
Authors: Khan Mohammad Ehtisham , Khan Mohammad Mansoob , Cho Moo Hwan
Published: April 2018

Proposed schematic model for the biogenic synthesis of Au-g-C3N4nanostructures using an environment-friendly approach.
Enhanced performance of tin halide perovskite solar cell by addition of lead thiocyanate
Authors: Gao Fengqiang , Li Chunhai , Qin Liang , Zhu Lijie , Huang Xin , Liu Huan , Liang Liming , Hou Yanbing , Lou Zhidong , Hu Yufeng , Teng Feng
Published: April 2018

The MASnI3-based PSCs with an efficiency of 6.02% was fabricated by incorporating 20 mol% of Pb(SCN)2.
Free-standing nitrogen-doped graphene paper for lithium storage application
Authors: Wen Hao , Guo Binbin , Kang Wenbin , Zhang Chuhong
Published: April 2018

Flexible free-standing nitrogen doped graphene paper produced from a modified hydrothermal reaction at a solid/gas interface with enhanced electrochemical performances.
Benzene-fused bis(acenaphthoBODIPY)s, stable near-infrared-selective dyes
Authors: Uno Hidemitsu , Honda Takayuki , Kitatsuka Manami , Hiraoka Shogo , Mori Shigeki , Takase Masayoshi , Okujima Tetsuo , Nakae Takahiro
Published: April 2018

Benzene-fused bis(acenaphthoBODIPY)s prepared by retro-Diels–Alder reaction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused precursors showed strong absorption bands in the near-infrared region and very weak absorptions in the visible region.
Graphene inclusion controlling conductivity and gas sorption of metal–organic framework
Authors: Lamagni Paolo , Pedersen Birgitte Lodberg , Godiksen Anita , Mossin Susanne , Hu Xin-Ming , Pedersen Steen Uttrup , Daasbjerg Kim , Lock Nina
Published: April 2018

Changed electrochemical activity and CO2/H2O adsorption by graphene inclusion in Cu3(1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate)2 and covalent tethering to glassy carbon electrodes.
Organic chemistry students’ challenges with coherence formation between reactions and reaction coordinate diagrams
Authors: Popova Maia , Bretz Stacey Lowery
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to elucidate and describe students’ thinking when making connections between substitution and elimination reactions and their corresponding reaction coordinate diagrams. Thirty-six students enrolled in organic chemistry II participated in individual, semi-structured interviews. Three major themes were identified that characterize students’ difficulties with integrating the information from the reactions and the reaction coordinate diagrams: incorrect ideas about the meanings of the reaction coordinate diagrams’ features, errors when examining reaction mechanisms, and an inability to assess the relative energies of reaction species. These findings suggest that students need support for coherence formation between reactions and reaction coordinate diagrams. Implications for teaching to address these student difficulties are suggested.
Can language focussed activities improve understanding of chemical language in non-traditional students?
Authors: Rees Simon William , Kind Vanessa , Newton Douglas
Published: April 2018

Students commonly find the language of chemistry challenging and a barrier to developing understanding. This study investigated developments in chemical language understanding by a group of non-traditional students over the duration of a one year pre-undergraduate (Foundation) course at a UK university. The chemistry course was designed to include a range of literacy based strategies to promote understanding including: word games, corpus linguistics, word roots and origins, and reading comprehension. Understanding of chemical language was assessed with a chemical language assessment (CLA) that was administered three times during the year. The CLA assessed understanding of scientific affixes, symbolic language, non-technical words, technical words, fundamental words and topic-specific vocabulary. Results indicate that chemical language understanding improved over the duration of the study with moderate to large effect sizes. Students who scored low in the initial CLA (below 40%) improved but their scores remained lower than the rest of the students at the end of the year. The topic-specific and technical sections scored low for all students at the start of the year and remained the lowest at the end of the year. Examples of symbolic and non-technical language remained problematic for some students at the end of the year. There was a correlation (r = 0.53) between initial CLA score and final exam outcomes although some students with low initial CLA scores did perform well in the final exam. These findings are discussed in relation to the role of literacy based strategies in chemistry teaching.
Mechanistic perspective and functional activity of insulin in amylin aggregation
Authors: Baram Michal , Gilead Sharon , Gazit Ehud , Miller Yifat
Published: April 2018

This work provides the first-ever complete atomic model of insulin–amylin aggregates, identifying the specific interactions that stabilize the insulin–amylin complex.
Ab initioprediction of the polymorph phase diagram for crystalline methanol
Authors: Červinka Ctirad , Beran Gregory J. O.
Published: April 2018

Thermodynamic phase boundaries for three molecular crystal polymorphs are mapped out with ∼0.5 kJ mol−1accuracy.
Liquid marble coalescence via vertical collision
Authors: Jin Jing , Ooi Chin Hong , Dao Dzung Viet , Nguyen Nam-Trung
Published: April 2018

We determined the critical condition for the coalescence of two identical liquid marbles through collision.
Liquid dewetting under a thin elastic film
Authors: Schulman Rafael D. , Niven John F. , Hack Michiel A. , DiMaria Christian , Dalnoki-Veress Kari
Published: April 2018

Dewetting of liquid films capped by thin elastomeric boundaries can form round and square holes.
Processing of PVDF-based electroactive/ferroelectric films: importance of PMMA and cooling rate from the melt state on the crystallization of PVDF beta-crystals
Authors: De Neef Alexandre , Samuel Cédric , Stoclet Grégory , Rguiti Mohamed , Courtois Christian , Dubois Philippe , Soulestin Jérémie , Raquez Jean-Marie
Published: April 2018

Low amounts of PMMA induce the polar crystalline phase of PVDF in a melt-state extrusion–calendering process and enhance the ferroelectric properties.
Engineered interaction between short elastin-like peptides and perfluorinated sulfonic-acid ionomer
Authors: Su Zihang , Pramounmat Nuttanit , Watson Skylar T. , Renner Julie N.
Published: April 2018

Controlled attachment of an ionomer thin-film can be facilitated by a short elastin-like peptide monolayer on gold.
Percolation of functionalized colloids on patterned substrates
Authors: Treffenstädt Lucas L. , Araújo Nuno A. M. , de las Heras Daniel
Published: April 2018

A patterned substrate induces reentrant percolation in a model system of patchy colloids.
Fatigue fracture of nearly elastic hydrogels
Authors: Zhang Enrui , Bai Ruobing , Morelle Xavier P. , Suo Zhigang
Published: April 2018

Fatigue fracture of polyacrylamide hydrogels of various water contents is studied both experimentally and theoretically.
Liquid interfaces with pH-switchable nanoparticle arrays
Authors: Srivastava Sunita , Fukuto Masafumi , Gang Oleg
Published: April 2018

DNA-nanoparticle 2D hexagonal lattice transform reversibly between an expanded state of non-connected NPs at neutral pH and a contracted state of linked NPs at acidic pH.
Nature inspired cathodes using high-density carbon papers with an eddy current effect for high-rate performance lithium–air batteries
Authors: Kim Min-Cheol , So Jin-Young , Moon Sang-Hyun , Han Sang-Beom , Choi Sojeong , Kim Eun-Soo , Shin Yeon-Kyung , Lee Ji-Eun , Kwak Da-Hee , Lee Chanho , Bae Won-Gyu , Park Kyung-Won
Published: April 2018

The patterned cathode exhibits improved high-rate performance.
3D porous binary-heteroatom doped carbon nanosheet/electrochemically exfoliated graphene hybrids for high performance flexible solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Yuxi , Qiu Xiaoming , Liu Xiaobin , Liu Yongchang , Fan Li-Zhen
Published: April 2018

3D porous carbon nanosheet/electrochemically exfoliated graphene hybrids with abundant nitrogen- and sulfur-containing functional groups and high specific surface area were prepared and evaluated as electrode materials.
High-air-flow-velocity assisted intermediate phase engineering for controlled crystallization of mixed perovskite in high efficiency photovoltaics
Authors: Wang Shi , Zhang Chunyang , Feng Yulin , Shao Yingying , Yan Ying , Dong Qingshun , Liu Junxue , Hu Beichen , Jin Shengye , Shi Yantao
Published: April 2018

The impact of air-flow-velocity on the crystallization of m-perovskite is adequately revealed. Through high-air-flow-velocity modification, a compact m-perovskite film with larger crystal grains, decreased defect density and enhanced charge collection ability is obtained.
Elucidating the origin of superior electrochemical cycling performance: new insights on sodiation–desodiation mechanism of SnSb from operando spectroscopy
Authors: Fehse Marcus , Sougrati Moulay T. , Darwiche Ali , Gabaudan Vincent , La Fontaine Camille , Monconduit Laure , Stievano Lorenzo
Published: April 2018

As it has been recently shown in the literature, SnSb exhibits better performance in Na-ion than in Li-ion batteries in spite of its even larger volume expansion.
A new copolymer based on a D–π–A or D–A–π repeat unit for polymer solar cells employing non-halogenated solvents
Authors: Xin Yue , Zeng Guang , Zhang Jidong , Zhao Xiaoli , Yang Xiaoniu
Published: April 2018

A new copolymer based on a D–π–A/D–A–π repeat unit was designed to improve solubility and device performance in non-halogenated solvents.
Chemical modification of halloysite nanotubes for controlled loading and release
Authors: Massaro Marina , Cavallaro Giuseppe , Colletti Carmelo G. , Lazzara Giuseppe , Milioto Stefana , Noto Renato , Riela Serena
Published: April 2018

Halloysite hybrid materials have been used as drug carrier and delivery, filler for hydrogels, in tissue regeneration and gene delivery.
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence with a narrow emission spectrum and organic room temperature phosphorescence by controlling spin–orbit coupling and phosphorescence lifetime of metal-free organic molecules
Authors: Pander Piotr , Swist Agnieszka , Motyka Radoslaw , Soloducho Jadwiga , Dias Fernando B. , Data Przemyslaw
Published: April 2018

A novel acridone derivative is presented showing TADF and narrow blue electroluminescence.
Disruptions in gut microbial-host co-metabolism and the development of metabolic disorders
Authors: Rajani Cynthia , Jia Wei
Published: April 2018

The microbial-mammalian metabolic axis has become recognized as an important component governing the overall homeostatic balance of the mammalian host. Disruption of the state of homeostasis among the gut microbiota has been shown to be causally linked to the development of host metabolic diseases including obesity, cardiovascular, diabetes, and fatty liver disease. This disruption is often referred to as gut dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis leads to altered metabolic products derived from the microbiota and these in turn, typically shift the homeostatic metabolic balance of the host towards a low-grade chronic inflammation, a hallmark of metabolic syndrome. The primary objective of this review is to examine and discuss some very current research that has been done to study the effect of bacterial metabolites on host metabolism, sometimes referred to as microbiota-host co-metabolism. The metabolic conditions reviewed here include obesity, a known risk factor for all of the other metabolic conditions, as well as, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Only by further understanding the cause and result of gut dysbiosis will an adequate solution be found for metabolic disease, a viewpoint shared by many.
Morphosyntactic Production and Verbal Working Memory: Evidence From Greek Aphasia and Healthy Aging
Authors: Fyndanis Valantis , Arcara Giorgio , Christidou Paraskevi , Caplan David
Published: April 2018

Purpose

The present work investigated whether verbal working memory (WM) affects morphosyntactic production in configurations that do not involve or favor similarity-based interference and whether WM interacts with verb-related morphosyntactic categories and/or cue–target distance (locality). It also explored whether the findings related to the questions above lend support to a recent account of agrammatic morphosyntactic production: Interpretable Features' Impairment Hypothesis (Fyndanis, Varlokosta, & Tsapkini, 2012).

Method

A sentence completion task testing production of subject–verb agreement, tense/time reference, and aspect in local and nonlocal conditions and two verbal WM tasks were administered to 8 Greek-speaking persons with agrammatic aphasia (PWA) and 103 healthy participants.

Results

The 3 morphosyntactic categories dissociated in both groups (agreement > tense > aspect). A significant interaction emerged in both groups between the 3 morphosyntactic categories and WM. There was no main effect of locality in either of the 2 groups. At the individual level, all 8 PWA exhibited dissociations between agreement, tense, and aspect, and effects of locality were contradictory.

Conclusions

Results suggest that individuals with WM limitations (both PWA and healthy older speakers) show dissociations between the production of verb-related morphosyntactic categories. WM affects performance shaping the pattern of morphosyntactic production (in Greek: subject–verb agreement > tense > aspect). The absence of an effect of locality suggests that executive capacities tapped by WM tasks are involved in morphosyntactic processing of demanding categories even when the cue is adjacent to the target. Results are consistent with the Interpretable Features' Impairment Hypothesis (Fyndanis et al., 2012).

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6024428
Deutsche Version des Sibling Relationsship Questionnaire (SRQ-deu): Normierung an einer Schülerstichprobe
Authors: Bojanowski Sabine , Riestock Nora , Nisslein Joel
Published: April 2018

Der SRQ-deu ist ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung der Qualität von Geschwisterbeziehungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen, der als Selbst- und Fremdberichtsversion vorliegt. Zur deutschen Version existieren erste Validierungsbefunde 6 bislang jedoch noch keine Normierung. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird über die bisher noch fehlenden Normdaten an einer deutschen Stichprobe von 961 Schülern und Schülerinnen im Alter von 8 bis 18 Jahren berichtet. Es wurden mögliche Alters- und Geschwisterpositionseffekte (jünger/älter) analysiert und bei der Normierung berücksichtigt. Die hier vorgestellten Normen für Kinder und Jugendliche (für die Selbstberichtsversion) ermöglichen zukünftig den Einsatz des Verfahrens in verschiedenen Kontexten.
Ein Dachdecker mit insulinpflichtigem Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Pollmann Hartmut , Günther Ruth
Published: April 2018

In Deutschland leben derzeit rund 7,5 Mio. Erwachsene mit Diabetes mellitus 1
, darunter ca. 2 Mio. Menschen im Erwerbsalter 2
. Schätzungsweise 400 000 Berufstätige führen eine Insulintherapie durch. Als Folge stellt sich häufig die Frage der beruflichen Einsatzfähigkeit von Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus.
Beckwith-Wiedemann-Syndrom (BWS): Aktueller Stand der Diagnostik und des klinischen Managements
Authors: Elbracht Miriam , Prawitt Dirk , Nemetschek Rebekka , Kratz Christian , Eggermann Thomas
Published: April 2018

Die vorliegenden Empfehlungen der internationalen Beckwith-Wiedemann-Syndrom (BWS/BWSp)-Konsensus-Gruppe stellen einen Rahmen für die Verbesserung der Diagnostik und der klinischen Begleitung bei Patienten des BWSp dar. Hierbei ist den komplexen genetischen Basismechanismen und den variablen Multisystem-Phänotypen des BWSp dahingehend Rechnung zu tragen, dass ein verantwortlicher klinischer Ansprechpartner die notwendige Koordination der unterschiedlichen Aspekte für den einzelnen Patienten übernimmt. Die vorgeschlagenen diagnostischen und medizinischen Empfehlungen sollen hierbei praktikabel und kosten-effektiv gestaltet sein. Nichtsdestotrotz sind auf dem Hintergrund der sehr unterschiedlichen Gesundheitssysteme und medizinrechtlichen Vorgaben weitere Datenerhebungen wichtig, um tatsächlich auf lange Sicht die besten Strategien, z. B. in der Tumorfrüherkennnung, allgemein gültig empfehlen zu können. Daher müssen die hier gegebenen Konsensus-Empfehlungen im Rahmen prospektiver Studien evaluiert und weiteren zukünftigen Konsensus-Initiativen zur Evidenz-basierten Überprüfung vorgelegt werden.
Analgetikabedarf bei Kindern im Alter zwischen 2 und 12 Jahren nach Tonsillenoperationen
Authors: Gude Philipp , Rieckert Claudia , Bissantz Nicolai , Weber Thomas Peter , Vogelsang Heike , Dazert Stefan , Thomas Jan Peter
Published: April 2018

Hintergrund Mandeloperationen bei Kindern zählen zu den schmerzhaftesten Eingriffen. Altersgerechte Schmerzskalen sind die Kindliche Unbehagens- und
Schmerzskala (KUSS), die Faces Pain Scale–Revised (FPS-R) und der kaum bekannte PPPM-D-Fragebogen. Ziel war Evaluation der Analgesie bei durch Eltern
angeforderter Nichtopioid-Medikation (NOM) mit Ibuprofen (IBU) und Paracetamol (PCM) nach intrakapsulärer Tonsillektomie (TO) oder extrakapsulärer
Tonsillektomie (TE). Als Rescue-Medikation (RM) wurde nach Prüfung der Schmerzskalen Piritramid appliziert. Endpunkte waren Anteil der Patienten (PAT), der die
RM benötigte, Menge applizierter NOM, Übereinstimmung der Indikation in verschiedenen Schmerzskalen, Korrelation von Schmerzen mit Prämedikation und
Eingriffsdauer.

Material/Methoden Postoperativ erfolgten 3 Messungen täglich mit KUSS bei PAT ≤ 4 Jahre bzw. FPS-R ≥ 5 Jahre. Eltern füllten den PPPM-D aus. Bei einem
Wert ≥ 4 bei KUSS bzw. FPS-R oder ≥ 6 im PPPM-D wurde die RM indiziert.

Ergebnisse 68 PAT wurden in eine Zwischenauswertung eingeschlossen. Durchschnittliche tägliche NOM in den ersten 3 Tagen: nach TE 14,1–16,3 mg/Kg IBU und
4,2–12,4 mg/Kg PCM bzw. nach TO 10,8–14,7 mg/Kg IBU und 5,2–8,8 mg/Kg PCM. Bei 212 Visiten wurde die RM indiziert, davon 121 Mal nur durch den PPPM-D. Nach
Ausschluss eventuell falsch-positiver Indikationen benötigten 67 % der PAT nach TE und 48 % der PAT nach TO mindestens einmal die RM. Die Studie wurde wegen des
hohen RM-Bedarfs abgebrochen.

Schlussfolgerungen Der Bedarf an NOM wurde unterschätzt. Der PPPM-D kombiniert mit etablierten Skalen kann die postoperative Schmerztherapie
verbessern.
Bildgestützte Interventionen: Augmented Reality in der Medizin
Authors: Wesarg Stefan
Published: April 2018

Die Sicht auf die reale Welt mit Zusatzinformationen anzureichern – dafür steht Augmented Reality. Nach Jahren der Forschung sind solche Systeme heute auf dem Weg, um unter anderem Chirurgen bei Operationen zu unterstützen.
Medizintechnik: Revolution mit künstlicher Intelligenz und Computerisierung
Authors: Grether Thomas
Published: April 2018

„Wir stehen am Beginn einer medizintechnologischen Revolution“, fasst der BVmed seinen Branchenbericht Medizintechnologien 2018 zusammen.
Postprandial Increase in Blood Plasma Levels of Tissue Factor–Bearing (and Other) Microvesicles Measured by Flow Cytometry: Fact or Artifact?
Authors: Mørk Morten , Nielsen Morten , Bæk Rikke , Jørgensen Malene , Pedersen Shona , Kristensen Søren
Published: April 2018

Tissue factor (TF)–bearing microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes may play a role in hemostasis and thrombosis. MVs may be quantified by flow cytometry (FC)–based detection of phosphatidylserine (PS)-positive submicron particles carrying specific antigens, although interference from lipoproteins complicates this approach. In this study, we evaluated the effect of food intake on blood levels of TF-bearing particles measured by FC and small extracellular vesicles (EVs) measured by a protein microarray–based test termed EV Array. Platelet-free plasma (PFP) was obtained from 20 healthy persons in the fasting state and 75 minutes after consumption of a meal. Postprandial changes in the concentration of PS-positive particles, including subgroups binding labeled antibodies against TF, CD41, CD146, and CD62E, respectively (FC), small EVs (EV Array), and TF antigen and procoagulant phospholipids (PPLs) were measured. Furthermore, we tested the effect on FC results of in vitro addition of lipoproteins to fasting PFP. We found significantly increased plasma concentrations of PS-positive particles and all examined subgroups postprandially, while no changes in small EVs, PPL, or TF antigen levels were found. Levels of all types of particles measured by FC were also elevated by lipoprotein spiking. In conclusion, meal consumption as well as in vitro addition of lipoproteins to fasting plasma induces increased levels of PS-positive particles as measured by FC, including TF-positive subtypes and subtypes exposing other antigens. While the observed postprandial increase may to some extent reflect elevated MV levels, our results indicate a substantial interference from lipoproteins.
Rehabilitation nach Polytrauma
Authors: Simmel Stefan
Published: April 2018

Die Rehabilitation nach schweren Unfällen ist von der „normalen“ orthopädischen Rehabilitation nach elektiven Eingriffen abzugrenzen. Die Herausforderungen dabei erfordern spezielle Prozesse, Infrastrukturen sowie ineinander übergehende und aufeinander abgestimmte Rehabilitationsphasen. Zwischen der Entlassung aus der Akutklinik und dem Beginn der postakuten Rehabilitation klafft häufig ein „Reha-Loch“, das es zu schließen gilt.
Quantum probe of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity
Authors: Gurtug O. , Mangut M.
Published: April 2018

Particle probe analysis of the Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole spacetime of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity is extended to wave probe analysis within the framework of quantum mechanics. The time-like naked singularity that develops when ωM2 < 1/2 is probed with quantum fields obeying Klein-Gordon and Chandrasekhar-Dirac equations. The quantum field probe of the naked singularity has revealed that both the spatial part of the wave and the Hamiltonian operators of Klein-Gordon and Chandrasekhar-Dirac equations are essentially self-adjoint, and thus, the naked singularity in the Kehagias-Sfetsos spacetime becomes quantum mechanically non-singular.
Deep-level traps in lightly Si-doped n-GaN on free-standing m-oriented GaN substrates
Authors: Yamada H. , Chonan H. , Takahashi T. , Yamada T. , Shimizu M.
Published: April 2018

In this study, we investigated the deep-level traps in Si-doped GaN epitaxial layers by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on c-oriented and m-oriented free-standing GaN substrates. The c-oriented and m-oriented epitaxial layers, grown at a temperature of 1000 °C and V/III ratio of 1000, contained carbon atomic concentrations of 1.7×1016 and 4.0×1015 cm–3, respectively. A hole trap was observed at about 0.89 eV above the valence band maximum by minority carrier transient spectroscopy. The trap concentrations in the c-oriented and m-oriented GaN epitaxial layers were consistent with the carbon atomic concentrations from secondary ion mass spectroscopy and the yellow luminescence intensity at 2.21 eV from photoluminescence. The trap concentrations in the m-oriented GaN epitaxial layers were lower than those in the c-oriented GaN. Two electron traps, 0.24 and 0.61 eV below the conduction band (EC) minimum, were observed in the c-oriented GaN epitaxial layer. In contrast, the m-oriented GaN epitaxial layer was free from the electron trap at EC – 0.24 eV, and the trap concentration at EC – 0.61 eV in the m-oriented GaN epitaxial layer was lower than that in the c-oriented GaN epitaxial layer. The m-oriented GaN epitaxial layer exhibited fewer hole and electron traps compared to the c-oriented GaN epitaxial layers.
Enhancement mode GaN-based multiple-submicron channel array gate-recessed fin metal-oxide-semiconductor high-electron mobility transistors
Authors: Lee Ching-Ting , Wang Chun-Chi
Published: April 2018

To study the function of channel width in multiple-submicron channel array, we fabricated the enhancement mode GaN-based gate-recessed fin metal-oxide-semiconductor high-electron mobility transistors (MOS-HEMTs) with a channel width of 450 nm and 195 nm, respectively. In view of the enhanced gate controllability in a narrower fin-channel structure, the transconductance was improved from 115 mS/mm to 151 mS/mm, the unit gain cutoff frequency was improved from 6.2 GHz to 6.8 GHz, and the maximum oscillation frequency was improved from 12.1 GHz to 13.1 GHz of the devices with a channel width of 195 nm, compared with the devices with a channel width of 450 nm.
Coupling of RF antennas to large volume helicon plasma
Authors: Chang Lei , Hu Xinyue , Gao Lei , Chen Wei , Wu Xianming , Sun Xinfeng , Hu Ning , Huang Chongxiang
Published: April 2018

Large volume helicon plasma sources are of particular interest for large scale semiconductor processing, high power plasma propulsion and recently plasma-material interaction under fusion conditions. This work is devoted to studying the coupling of four typical RF antennas to helicon plasma with infinite length and diameter of 0.5 m, and exploring its frequency dependence in the range of 13.56-70 MHz for coupling optimization. It is found that loop antenna is more efficient than half helix, Boswell and Nagoya III antennas for power absorption; radially parabolic density profile overwhelms Gaussian density profile in terms of antenna coupling for low-density plasma, but the superiority reverses for high-density plasma. Increasing the driving frequency results in power absorption more near plasma edge, but the overall power absorption increases with frequency. Perpendicular stream plots of wave magnetic field, wave electric field and perturbed current are also presented. This work can serve as an important reference for the experimental design of large volume helicon plasma source with high RF power.
Evolution of short range order in Ar: Liquid to glass and solid transitions–A computational study
Authors: Shor Stanislav , Yahel Eyal , Makov Guy
Published: April 2018

The evolution of the short range order (SRO) as a function of temperature in a Lennard-Jones model liquid with Ar parameters was determined and juxtaposed with thermodynamic and kinetic properties obtained as the liquid was cooled (heated) and transformed between crystalline solid or glassy states and an undercooled liquid. The Lennard-Jones system was studied by non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of large supercells (approximately 20000 atoms) rapidly cooled or heated at selected quenching rates and at constant pressure. The liquid to solid transition was identified by discontinuities in the atomic volume and molar enthalpy; the glass transition temperature range was identified from the temperature dependence of the self-diffusion. The SRO was studied within the quasi-crystalline model (QCM) framework and compared with the Steinhardt bond order parameters. Within the QCM it was found that the SRO evolves from a bcc-like order in the liquid through a bct-like short range order (c/a=1.2) in the supercooled liquid which persists into the glass and finally to a fcc-like ordering in the crystalline solid. The variation of the SRO that results from the QCM compares well with that obtained with Steinhardt’s bond order parameters. The hypothesis of icosahedral order in liquids and glasses is not supported by our results.