bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reverse Engineering of Thin Films to Nanoparticles by Thermal Deposition for Large-Scale Production of Nanometals
Authors: Selvam Karthik Paneer , Lin Zaw , Hirotaka Inoue , Tatsuki Marui , Nishikawa Takeshi , Hayashi Yasuhiko
Published: February 2020

A simple method to synthesize metal nanoparticles (Nps) has been proposed using high vacuum thermal deposition (HVTD) by reverse engineering of thin films to Nps. Metal Nps synthesized by this technique corresponds to the top-down approach of nanomaterial synthesis from bulk metals of silver and copper wires to metal Nps. A high-vacuum thermal deposition is a commonly used technique for thin-film deposition in many applications. Synthesis of metal Nps by HVTD is simple, efficient, and can provide particle of about few tens of nanometers is effortless. A precoated thin layer of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on a glass substrate (Petri dish), is allowed deposit with a metallic thin film by thermionically evaporating bulk metal wires in high vacuum. The deposited metal thin film is removed along with the PEG coating into a liquid medium and subjected to sonication, stirring, and deoxidation. Obtaining the particle size in tens of nanometer range in one step is one projecting factor by HVTD technique. Also, providing the feasibility of reusing large particles as precursors after synthesis is a unique vantage point. The Nps were analyzed by various characterizations tools to evaluate the underlying properties.
Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of ZnxSn1-xS Thin Films Deposited by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Zaidi Beddiaf , Houaidji Naoual , Khadraoui Asma , Gagui Souheyla , Shekhar Chander , Ozen Yunus , Kamli Kenza , Hadef Zakaria , Donmez Meltem , Comert Buse , Ozcelik Suleyman , Chouial Baghdadi , Hadjoudja Bouzid
Published: February 2020

In the present study, ZnxSn1-xS (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) thin film samples were deposited by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique on glass substrates at 350°C to investigate the effect of variation of Zn concentration (x) on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of ZnxSn1-xS thin films. The films were deposited by varying Zn content in the starting solution. The films deposited were found to be amorphous having root mean square (RMS) roughness ranged from 18.2 to 93.5 nm. The optical characterization by UV-Vis spectroscopy showed that the transmittance and reflectance of all samples are lower than 12.2 % and 10 % respectively. The optical band gap was estimated from the reflectance and transmittance spectra are about 3.86 eV. The carrier mobility is ranged from 113 to 2600 cm2/v.s.
Explicit Quantum Drain Current Model for Symmetric Double Gate MOSFETs
Authors: Vimala P. , Kumar N.R. Nithin
Published: February 2020

In this article, an analytical model for Double gate Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (DG MOSFET) is developed including Quantum effects. The Schrodinger–Poisson’s equation is used to develop the analytical Quantum model using Variational method. A mathematical expression for inversion charge density is obtained and the model was developed with quantum effects by means of oxide capacitance for different channel thickness and gate oxide thickness. Based on inversion charge density model the compact model is developed for transfer characteristics, transconductance and C-V curves of DG MOSFETs. The results of the model are compared to the simulated results. The comparison shows the accuracy of the proposed model.
CHAPTER 6 Development of SOFC Interconnect Stainless Steels
Authors: Chevalier Sébastien , Combemale Lionel , Popa Ioana , Chandra-ambhorn Somrerk , Chandra-ambhorn Walairat , Promdirek Piyorose , Wongpromrat Patthranit
Published: February 2020

The chapter introduces components and working principle of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). It is followed by the explanation on the choices of materials focussing on ferritic stainless steels. The review is further made on the required properties of these steels, i.e. low oxidation rate, low chromium species volatilisation rate, high electrical conductivity and good scale adhesion. For the oxidation aspect, the behaviour of stainless steel interconnect in cathode, anode (hydrogen and biogas), and dual atmospheres are described. Surface modification by pre-oxidation and coatings to improve the oxide electrical conductivity and to reduce chromium species volatilisation is finally reviewed.
Different Methods for Detecting Heterotic Groups in Maize
Authors: Mohammed M. El-Rouby Mohammed M. El-Rouby
Published: February 2020

Comparing between different methods for classifying 12 maize inbred lines to heterotic groups was
achieved using general and specific combining ability effects; agronomic traits to the maize inbreds per se;
and ISSR-markers. The results of line-tester design showed that Giza656 lines had the highest yield for the
cross with Gemmiza 1021 tester (7.20 ton per hectare) at Nubaria, while Giza655 lines had the highest yield
for the cross with Gemmiza 1021 tester (8.24 ton per hectare) at Gemmiza. Regarding Heterotic specific and
General Combining Abilities, the inbred lines were grouped into three groups as their testers were, but groups
differed from Nubaria to Gemmiza locations.
The classification due to Inter Simple Sequence Repeats markers have agreement with pedigree data more
than the HSGCA and agronomic characters, because the HSGCA method affected by testers, lines,
environments, and the interactions between all of them, also, agronomic character method need to plant the
inbreds and evaluate them at more locations and more seasons .Furthermore, all these cautions will not
discard the environmental effects but they will reduce it to the minimum values. On the other hand, molecular
marker will keep time and efforts needed to evaluate the inbred lines.
Effects of Some Insecticides on the Midgut of the Foragers Honeybee Worker
Apis mellifera jemenatica
Authors: Dalal Musleh Aljedani Dalal Musleh Aljedani
Published: February 2020

This study aims to evaluate the toxic effects of insecticides on the foragers honey bee workers, Apis
mellifera jemenatica. It tracks the effects of the insecticides, Deltamethrin, Malathion and Abamectin through
the feeding by mouth, on the midgut epithelial layer, in order to show the histological changes. Histological
study on samples of the foragers honey bee workers, after exposure to insecticides for 24 hours, was chosen
as the average -concentration of the insecticide concentrations, which were used for each as follows:
Deltamethrin 2.50 ppm, Malathion 3.125 ppm and Abamectin 0.1 ppm, in addition to the control group.
Studying the effect of each insecticide individually and then comparing the reaction and impact of these
insecticides on the tissue of midgut has showed that the insecticide Malathion was more harmful to epithelial
tissue midgut in honey bees cells than Abamectin, while Deltamethrin had the least effect. Therefore, the life
of the foragers honeybee worker depends upon the health and safety of the entire members of the beehive, so
it is necessary to take into account, when using the application of insecticides, the continuity of life of the
entire society adoption of individuals beehive on worker bees layer depends on their life on this layer of the
bee community.
The Emilia-Romagna System for Start-Up Growth
Authors: Monesi Sara , Ruggiero Sveva , Sanchez Lucie
Published: February 2020

EmiliaRomagnaStartup (ERSU) is one of the pillars of the Emilia-Romagna regional policy to promote innovative business creation. Launched in 2011, it represents nowadays one the most developed regional instruments at EU level to support start-up creation through information, orienteering, services provision and networking opportunities. The initiative is coordinated by ASTER, the regional Consortium for Innovation and Technology Transfer. Designed by ASTER Start-up Dept on the basis of an intensive benchmark activity to provide up-to-date services, today it is constantly improving the variety and the quality of its offer which is directed to start-ups and business projects, but also to the various regional actors that are part of its network. Initiatives such as sector-focused acceleration programs (e.g. on Green or Creative sectors), opportunities to go global (through, for instance, the partnership with the Tech Venture Launch Program in Silicon Valley) and planning of new services through the participation in EU projects, represent the key added value ERSU can offer to its community of users.
The Business Model Canvas
Authors: Murray Alan , Scuotto Veronica
Published: February 2020

With global and local markets being transformed by the new techno-culture of digital and social technologies, more and more entrepreneurs need to be guided through their entrepreneurial journey. Whilst the management literature declares that there are numerous widely recognised tools available which the entrepreneur can use to help build or develop their business model in order to keep abreast of technological changes such as the business plan, lean start up and experimental lab, we propose that the Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a better fit for the market - orientated entrepreneur. This paper applies the Business Model Canvas to a single case study in order to investigates how a real entrepreneur relies on the nine blocks of the BMC namely; value proposition, key activities, key resources, cost structure, key partners, customer relationships, customer segments, channels, and revenue streams.
Sequential microbial-photocatalytic degradation of imidacloprid
Authors: Sharma Teena , Kaur Manpreet , Sobti Amit , Rajor Anita , Toor Amrit Pal
Published: February 2020

In the present study, the application of sequential biological and photocatalytic process was evaluated as a feasible process for the degradation of imidacloprid (IMI) in soil. Photocatalysis was carried out as a post and pre-treatment to the biological process as Microbial Photocatalytic (MP) and Photocatalytic Microbial (PM), respectively, to enhance the degradation and mineralization of IMI in soil. By both the processes, there was an enhancement in the percentage degradation of IMI i.e 86.2% for PM and 94.6% for MP process. The obtained results indicate that MP process is apparently more efficient in degradation of IMI which was observed with 15 days of biological treatment followed by 18 h of photocatalytic degradation (15 d + 18 h). The present work also reveals that though the difference in terms of the degradation of IMI after 5 d + 18 h, 10 d + 18 h & 15 d+ 18 h of MP process is not drastic, yet significant variation has been observed in terms of mineralization that truly signifies the removal of IMI from the soil. The LC analysis has shown that the intermediates formed during MP process are more and smaller in comparison to PM process, which further provides evidence that MP process is better than PM process for effective degradation of IMI in soil.
Proposal of enhanced treatment process based on actual pilot plant for removal of micropharmaceuticals in sewage treatment plants
Authors: Lee Shun-hwa , Park Yun-kyung , Lee Miran , Lee Byung-dae
Published: February 2020

This study was carried out to increase the treatment efficiency through the improvement of the conventional biological process, and to propose the optimal treatment direction. The optimal treatment conditions were derived based on the results of the spike damage tests in each single process. The removal efficiency of micropharmaceuticals was further increased when an ozone treatment process was added to the biological process compared to the single process. The soil and activated carbon adsorption process was introduced in the post-treatment to remove the micropharmaceutical residues, and the removal efficiency of the pharmaceduticals in the final effluent was more than 85% in spike damage experiment. In particular, the continuous process of biological treatment-ozone-adsorption could ensure the stable treatment of micropharmaceuticals, which had not been efficiently removed in the single process, as it showed more than 80% removal efficiency. Therefore, it is expected that the addition of the ozone oxidation and activated carbon adsorption process to the existing sewage treatment facilities can contribute to the efficient removal of micropharmaceuticals.
Statement by The Managing Director on the Work Program of The Executive Board
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: February 2020

This Work Program (WP) translates the strategic directions and policy priorities laid out in the Fall 2019 Global Policy Agenda (GPA) Update and the International Monetary and Financial Committee Communiqué into an Executive Board agenda from November 2019 to October 2020, focusing on the next six months. Its main policy priorities and deliverables are as follows:
• Turn evidence-based analysis into actionable policy recommendations to make economies more resilient and inclusive
• Contribute to improving the multilateral system and upgrading international cooperation to bring the benefits of integration to all
• Modernize the Fund’s policy toolkits to meet the challenges of a fast-changing world
• Safeguard the Fund’s financial strength and undertake an ambitious internal modernization agenda
Republic of North Macedonia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: February 2020

Selected Issues
Benin
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Published: February 2020

The Public Investment Management Assessment (PIMA) of Benin has brought to
light an institutional framework of high quality but ineffective implementation. In
accordance with the PIMA methodology applied in several countries, the mission focused on
assessing the institutional strengths (such as the legal framework and organization) for each
institution in the analytical framework, as well as its effective implementation. Benin was found to
have a high-quality, relatively complete institutional framework. The country outperforms its
peers in this regard, not only compared with the average for the countries of the subregion (the
West African Economic and Monetary Union—WAEMU), but also the Sub-Saharan African
countries that have already conducted a PIMA exercise (Figure 1). The effectiveness of the
framework, however, is weak.
Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: February 2020

The political transition has increased the focus on social conditions and
regional and rural development. Growth has been buoyed by new spending, retail credit,
and oil and gas investments. Inflation has picked up, and the current account has
deteriorated. Renewed fiscal consolidation is planned from 2020. Non-oil growth is
expected to moderate to 4 percent (potential), as construction, fiscal stimulus, and
household borrowing ease. Growth could be higher if decisive reforms drive productivity
gains. The state continues to play a strong role in the economy, and the authorities face
challenges ensuring that measures are well targeted and effective in promoting private
sector growth. The challenges include oil volatility and dependency, reliance on
subsidies and other state support, still-impaired banks, and governance vulnerabilities.
The authorities are exploring ways to strengthen the fiscal framework, assessing
monetary and exchange policies, undertaking a bank asset quality review (AQR), and
establishing an independent financial sector regulator. Progress is being made on
headline reforms, but ensuring decisive changes on the ground remains a challenge.
Risks relate to oil prices and trading partner growth.
Austria
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: February 2020

Growth in Austria has been strong, but the outlook has moderated, and financial vulnerabilities are building up. Structural vulnerabilities include a large and tiered banking system, complex ownership structures and financial interlinkages, and a focus on Central, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe (CESEE) markets. Banks are exposed to cyclical risks from volatility in the CESEE, and rising vulnerabilities in the housing market. The solvency coverage ratio of insurance firms is high, but the sector suffers from low growth, low interest rates, and future profitability risk.
Japan
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Published: February 2020

Selected Issues
Multi-detector computed tomography angiographic evaluation of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and other associated cardiovascular anomalies in tetralogy of Fallot patients
Authors: Singh Rani Kunti R. , Jain Neeraj , Kumar Sunil , Garg Naveen
Published: February 2020

Purpose

To evaluate various types of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction associated with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with emphasis on the abnormality of pulmonary arterial system and other associated cardiovascular anomalies using computed tomography (CT) angiography.

Material and methods

We retrospectively evaluated 184 consecutive previously diagnosed TOF patients who underwent CT angiography in our department.

Results

Infundibular with pulmonary valvular stenosis was the most common type of stenosis (47.28%) found, followed by isolated infundibular stenosis (34.23%). Isolated abnormality of both right and left pulmonary arteries was also noted. Right side aortic arch (23.91%) was the most common associated abnormality followed by double superior vena cava (9.78%).

Conclusions

TOF is associated with various types of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction ranging from infundibular narrowing to isolated narrowing of right or left pulmonary arteries and is also associated with various other congenital abnormalities of the cardiovascular system. CT angiography is an excellent imaging modality, which provides comprehensive analysis of various abnormalities associated with TOF.
The role of interventional radiology in the treatment of lower limb vascular injuries after orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Giurazza Francesco , Corvino Fabio , Silvestre Mattia , Corvino Antonio , Niola Raffaella
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This paper focuses on the role of interventional radiology embolisations in a series of patients presenting with iatrogenic vascular injuries of the lower limbs following orthopaedic interventions.

Material and methods

Fourteen patients (mean age: 64 years, range 23-90 years) were retrospectively analysed. Clinical presentation consisted of palpable pulsatile mass, pain, reduced lower limb motion, or visible haematoma; 11 patients had also anaemia (haemoglobin < 7 g/dl).

Results

The time between orthopaedic surgery and embolisation ranged between 0 and 67 days (mean: 15 days). Injured arterial vessels were as follows: inferior gluteal artery (2), superficial external pudendal artery (2), deep femoral artery (1), lateral circumflex femoral artery (3), medial circumflex femoral artery (2), articular branch of descending genicular artery (1), perforating femoral arteries (3), posterior tibial recurrent artery (1), and anterior tibial artery (1). The typologies of vascular lesion were: pseudoaneurysm 57%, bleeding with extraluminal contrast agent blush of the terminal arterial segment 36%, and laceration and bleeding with extraluminal contrast agent blush of the arterial main trunk 7%. Embolising agents adopted were microcoils 57%, glue 14%, microplug 7%, particles 14%, and covered stent 7%. In all cases clinical and procedural technical successes were obtained (100%).

Conclusions

For the management of vascular injuries occurring after different orthopaedic interventions of the lower limbs, endovascular embolisations have proven to be safe and effective; orthopaedic surgeons should be aware of the support that interventional radiology could provide in the case of iatrogenic vascular complications.
T1 and T2 mapping of articular cartilage and menisci in early osteoarthritis of the knee using 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Mittal Shruti , Pradhan Gaurav , Singh Sapna , Batra Radhika
Published: February 2020

Purpose

3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1 and T2 mapping to detect and quantify cartilage matrix and meniscal degeneration between normal healthy volunteers and early osteoarthritis patients.

Material and methods

A prospective study including 25 patients and 10 healthy volunteers was done. Patients with symptoms of early osteoarthritis and Kellgren-Lawrence grade I-II on plain radiograph were included for MRI knee. Patients with inflammatory arthritis, infection, trauma, and history of knee surgery were excluded. Healthy, normal adult volunteers (preferably age and sex matched) without symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee were drawn from patient’s relatives/hospital employees/colleagues for MRI knee.

Results

T1 and T2 relaxation time values of articular cartilage and menisci were significantly higher in osteoarthritis patients as compared to healthy volunteers. No significant difference was found in morphological thickness of articular cartilage and menisci in early osteoarthritis patients and healthy volunteers.

Conclusions

T1 and T2 mapping are noninvasive MRI techniques reflecting changes in the biochemical composition of cartilage and menisci. T1 values reflect changes in proteoglycan content, and T2 values are sensitive to interaction between water molecules and collagen network. Mapping techniques assess early cartilage and meniscal matrix degeneration in osteoarthritis of the knee, and help in initiating treatment and monitoring disease progression. MRI is a sensitive modality for assessment of pathological changes in articular cartilage. With use of T1 and T2 mapping techniques, it is possible to evaluate the collagen network and proteoglycan content in articular cartilage and meniscal matrix.
The additive role of 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging to ensure pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients
Authors: Bayoumi Dalia , Zaky Mona , Ibrahim Dina Abdallah , Abdallah Ahmed , Abouelkhair Khaled M.
Published: February 2020

Purpose

To assess the role of 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the confirmation of pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

Material and methods

Forty-seven cases (53.72 ± 8.53 years) were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 1H-MRS with choline (Cho) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measured followed by histopathology and ROC analyses.

Results

Twelve patients had complete response, and 35 patients had residual disease. Mean age was 53.72 ± 8.53 years. The mean tumour size before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was 4.21 ± 0.99 cm and after NAC was 0.9 ± 0.44 cm.Positive total choline signal (tCho) was detected in all cases. The mean Cho SNR before NAC was 9.53 ± 1.7 and after NAC was 2.53 ± 1.3. The Cho SNR cut-off point differentiating between pathologic complete response (pCR) and the non pCR was 1.95. Dynamic MRI showed 83.3% sensitivity, 65.7% specificity, 45.5% positive predictive value, 92.0% negative predictive value, and 70.2% diagnostic accuracy. Combined evaluation done by using the dynamic MRI and 1H-MRS showed 91.5% diagnostic accuracy with 75.0% sensitivity, 97.1% specificity, 75% positive predictive value, and 91.9% negative predictive value. ROC curves of Cho SNR showed statistically significant differences between non pCR and pCR with AUC was 0.955, 82.9% sensitivity, 91.7% specificity, 96.7% positive predictive value, 64.7% negative predictive value, and 85.11% diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusions

1H-MRS improves the diagnostic accuracy in the prediction of the pCR after NAC.
Agreement between dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and pathologic tumour size of breast cancer and analysis of the correlation with BI-RADS descriptors
Authors: Gemici Aysegul Akdogan , Inci Ercan
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-pathology concordance of tumour size in patients with invasive breast carcinoma, with an emphasis on Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) descriptors of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI).

Material and methods

Of patients who had preoperative DCE-MRI, 94 were enrolled. Concordance between MRI and the pathological findings was defined as a difference in tumour size of 5 mm or less. The greatest dimension was measured by two radiologists, and BI-RADS descriptives were described in accordance. The gold standard was chosen as the pathologic assessment.

Results

Tumour measurements determined by MRI and the pathological reports were not statistically different (2.64 ± 1.16 cm, Wilcaxon Z = –1.853, p = 0.064). Tumour sizes were concordant in 72/94 patients (76.6%). The mean difference between the pathological and MRI tumour sizes was –0.1 cm. MRI overestimated the size of 17/94 tumours (18.1%) and underestimated the size of 5/94 tumours (5.3%). Discordance was associated with larger tumour size. Histologic and molecular type of tumours, patient age, histologic grade, lymphovascular invasion or perineural invasion positivity, fibroglandular volume, background parenchymal enhancement, and being mass or non-mass were not associated with concordance. Irregular margin and heterogenous enhancement in DCE-MRI were associated with discordance in logistic regression analysis (p = 0.035, OR: 4.24; p = 0.021, OR: 4.96).

Conclusions

Two BI-RADS descriptors of irregular contour and heterogeneous contrast uptake were found to be associated with tumour size discrepancy. This might be attributed to the dynamic and morphologic specialities of tumours primarily rather than tumour biology.
Measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient in discrimination of benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes
Authors: Yılmaz Ebru , Erok Berrin , Atca Ali Önder
Published: February 2020

Purpose

We aimed to determine the contribution of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in the detection of axillary lymph node metastasis.

Material and methods

Breast magnetic resonance of 58 patients, performed in the radiology clinic of our hospital between 2015 and 2017 were examined retrospectively, and 43 lymph nodes in 43 patients were included in the study. They were evaluated morphologically on T1W and T2W sequences, and the lymph nodes showing rounded shape, focal or diffuse cortical thickness of more than 3 mm, and partial or total effacement of fatty hilum were included in the study. Subsequently, their ADC values were measured.

Results

There were 43 lymph nodes, 20 of which were malignant and 23 of which were benign. While the mean ADC value of malignant axillary lymph nodes was 0.749 10–3 mm2/s (0.48-1.342), it was 0.982 10–3 mm2/s (0.552-1.986) for benign lymph nodes. When the ADC cut-off value was taken as ≤ 0.753 × 10–3 mm2/s, its discrimination power between benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes was as follows: sensitivity – 60%; specificity – 91.3%; accuracy – 76.7%; positive predictive value – 85.7%; and negative predictive value – 72.4%.

Conclusions

There was no significant difference between mean ADC value of 12 lymphadenopathies (LAP) associated with inflammatory breast diseases (granulomatous mastitis and acute suppurative mastitis) and mean ADC value of metastatic lymph nodes. However, the ADC value of lymph nodes showing thickened cortex due to systemic inflammatory diseases was over 1, and there was a statistically significant difference when compared with metastatic lymph nodes.
Determining flow directions in river channel networks using planform morphology and topology
Authors: Schwenk Jon , Piliouras Anastasia , Rowland Joel C.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The abundance of global, remotely sensed surface water observations has accelerated efforts toward characterizing and modeling how water moves across the Earth's surface through complex channel networks. In particular, deltas and braided river channel networks may contain thousands of links that route water, sediment, and nutrients across landscapes. In order to model flows through channel networks and characterize network structure, the direction of flow for each link within the network must be known. In this work, we propose a rapid, automatic, and objective method to identify flow directions for all links of a channel network using only remotely sensed imagery and knowledge of the network's inlet and outlet
locations. We designed a suite of direction-predicting algorithms (DPAs),
each of which exploits a particular morphologic characteristic of the
channel network to provide a prediction of a link's flow direction. DPAs
were chained together to create “recipes”, or algorithms that set all the
flow directions of a channel network. Separate recipes were built for deltas
and braided rivers and applied to seven delta and two braided river channel
networks. Across all nine channel networks, the recipe-predicted flow
directions agreed with expert judgement for 97 % of all tested links, and
most disagreements were attributed to unusual channel network topologies
that can easily be accounted for by pre-seeding critical links with known
flow directions. Our results highlight the (non)universality of
process–form relationships across deltas and braided rivers.
A new species of baenid turtle from the Early Cretaceous Lakota Formation of South Dakota
Authors: Joyce Walter G. , Rollot Yann , Cifelli Richard L.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Baenidae is a clade of paracryptodiran turtles known from
the late Early Cretaceous to Eocene of North America. The proposed
sister-group relationship of Baenidae to Pleurosternidae, a group of turtles
known from sediments dated as early as the Late Jurassic, suggests a ghost
lineage that crosses the early Early Cretaceous. We here document a new
species of paracryptodiran turtle, Lakotemys australodakotensis gen. and sp. nov., from the Early
Cretaceous (Berriasian to Valanginian) Lakota Formation of South Dakota
based on a poorly preserved skull and two partial shells. Lakotemys australodakotensis is most readily
distinguished from all other named Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous
paracryptodires by having a broad, baenid-like skull with expanded
triturating surfaces and a finely textured shell with a large suprapygal I
that laterally contacts peripheral X and XI and an irregularly shaped
vertebral V that does not lap onto neural VIII and that forms two
anterolateral processes that partially separate the vertebral IV from
contacting pleural IV. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that Lakotemys australodakotensis is a baenid,
thereby partially closing the previously noted gap in the fossil record.
The use of personal weather station observation for improving precipitation estimation and interpolation
Authors: Bárdossy András , Seidel Jochen , El Hachem Abbas
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The number of personal weather stations (PWS) with data available online through the internet is increasing gradually in many parts of the world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the applicability of these data for the spatial interpolation of precipitation for high intensity events of different durations. Due to unknown errors and biases of the observations rainfall amounts of the PWS network are not considered directly. Instead, only their temporal order is assumed to be correct. The crucial step is to find the stations with informative measurements. This is done in two steps, first by selecting the locations using time series of indicators of high precipitation amounts. The remaining stations are checked whether they fit into the spatial pattern of the other stations. Thus, it is assumed that the percentiles of the PWS network are accurate. These percentiles are then translated to precipitation amounts using the distribution functions which were interpolated using the information from German National Weather Service (DWD) data only. The suggested procedure was tested for the State of Baden-Württemberg in Germany. A detailed cross validation of the interpolation was carried out for aggregated precipitation amounts of 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. For each aggregation nearly 200 intense events were evaluated. The results show that filtering the secondary observations is necessary as the interpolation error after filtering and data transformation decreases significantly. The biggest improvement is achieved for the shortest time aggregations.
Application of logistic regression to simulate the influence of rainfall genesis on storm overflow operations: a probabilistic approach
Authors: Szeląg Bartosz , Suligowski Roman , Studziński Jan , De Paola Francesco
Published: February 2020

Abstract. One of the key parameters constituting the basis for the
operational assessment of stormwater systems is the annual number of storm
overflows. Since uncontrolled overflows are a source of pollution washed
away from the surface of the catchment area, which leads to imbalanced
receiving waters, there is a need for their prognosis and potential
reduction. The paper presents a probabilistic model for simulating the
annual number of storm overflows. In this model, an innovative solution is
to use the logistic regression method to analyze the impact of rainfall
genesis on the functioning of a storm overflow (OV) in the example of a catchment
located in the city of Kielce (central Poland). The developed model consists of two independent elements. The first element
of the model is a synthetic precipitation generator, in which the simulation
of rainfall takes into account its genesis resulting from various processes
and phenomena occurring in the troposphere. This approach makes it possible
to account for the stochastic nature of rainfall in relation to the annual
number of events. The second element is the model of logistic regression,
which can be used to model the storm overflow resulting from the occurrence
of a single rainfall event. The paper confirmed that storm overflow can be
modeled based on data on the total rainfall and its duration. An
alternative approach was also proposed, providing the possibility of
predicting storm overflow only based on the average rainfall intensity.
Substantial simplification in the simulation of the phenomenon under study
was achieved compared with the works published in this area to date. It is
worth noting that the coefficients determined in the logit models have a
physical interpretation, and the universal character of these models
facilitates their easy adaptation to other examined catchment areas. The calculations made in the paper using the example of the examined
catchment allowed for an assessment of the influence of rainfall characteristics
(depth, intensity, and duration) of different genesis on the probability of
storm overflow. Based on the obtained results, the range of the variability
of the average rainfall intensity, which determines the storm overflow, and
the annual number of overflows resulting from the occurrence of rain of
different genesis were defined. The results are suited for the
implementation in the assessment of storm overflows only based on the
genetic type of rainfall. The results may be used to develop warning systems
in which information about the predicted rainfall genesis is an element of
the assessment of the rainwater system and its facilities. This approach is
an original solution that has not yet been considered by other researchers.
On the other hand, it represents an important simplification and an
opportunity to reduce the amount of data to be measured.
Michel Temer: Do Vazamento de um Discurso à Posse do Governo Interino
Authors: Pimentel Pedro Chapaval , Nichols Bruno Washington , Quevedo Josemari Poerschke de
Published: February 2020

Recentes pesquisas sobre o impeachment de Dilma Rousseff enfatizam o papel de diferentes atores políticos. Entretanto, é escassa a comparação da construção discursiva pré e pós-impeachment. Este artigo analisa um áudio vazado à imprensa e o discurso de posse de Michel Temer. Foi verificado e o áudio vazado pode ser visto como prévia do discurso de posse e se os recursos retóricos variaram. A Análise de Conteúdo toma como base Panke e Cervi (2011). Os temas mais recorrentes em ambos discursos foram “Político institucional” e “Administração pública”. Observou-se também o uso de técnicas argumentativas visando a persuasão para a governabilidade.
Drie ingrepen om de jeugdzorg te redden
Authors: Weijers Ido
Published: February 2020

Three measures to save Dutch youth care

Dutch youth care was decentralized in 2015. Since the transfer to the municipalities, youth care is in a state of deep crisis. There are long waiting lists, even in situations of acute need; there is lack of money, of professional and experienced staff, of adequate care, and of central coordination and guidance. In contrast to Denmark, where youth care was transferred to municipalities in 2007, there was barely time to prepare the transfer in the Netherlands. Moreover, the number of municipalities was not significantly reduced and the funding was extremely cut back. In this article, a number of interventions is being proposed to save what can still be saved. First, funding will have to be substantially increased. Second, the access to youth mental health care should not be a matter of municipal authority.
THE ROLE OF ILO STANDARDS IN SHAPING SOCIAL PROTECTION IN GLOBAL SOUTH COUNTRIES: EXAMPLE OF BRAZIL
Authors: Petelczyc Janina
Published: February 2020

This paper focuses on the actions of the ILO towards Global South, with Brazil as a focal point. As the International Labour Organization has changed its paradigm during one hundred years of existence, the policies toward Global South have also altered. Brazil is a country often evoked in the ILO reports as an example of good practices, i.e. the country that has taken millions of its inhabitants out of poverty. The study shows that ILO standards can be easier achieved when other important conditions are also fulfi lled: especially good economic situation and government favourable to social change as well as active civil society and its pressure on reform and change.
Experimental study on Mode I fracture of cracked straight through the square specimen (CSTSS)
Authors: Wang Zhi
Published: February 2020

Analytical solution of tensile stress of square specimen under splitting load was obtained through Fourier Series Solution of plane stress problems. According to the stress distribution of the un-cracked square specimen, the calculation formula of Mode I fracture toughness of cracked straight through the square specimen, CSTSS, under splitting load was obtained, and the shape function was corrected by the finite element interaction integration method. In order to verify the correctness of the formula, a CSTSS splitting test was performed. The test results indicated that the stress distribution on the axis of symmetry is consistent with the theoretical results, and the minimum tensile stress occurs at the center point of the un-cracked specimens. The Mode I fracture toughness of CSTSS, KIC, was stabilized in relative range and the average value of KIC was 0.140MPa×m1/2. The three-point-bend experiment was introduced as a comparative test and the average value of KIC was 0.158MPa×m1/2 which was slightly larger than that of CSTSS. The test results indicated that both of the two tests could be reliable and the CSTSS under splitting load could be a potential method to determine the Mode I fracture toughness of rock.
Numerical simulation of the formation of vortices around rigid cylinders inside a channel using Immersed Interface method
Authors: Alizadeh Asad , Abid Mattie Anas
Published: February 2020

The numerical simulation of the flow of fluid through one or a set of objects that causes the flow to separate from the surface of them has been the subject of interest by researchers over the past few decades. One of the most important types of these objects is those with a square cross section which have important and diverse applications in different industries. One of the practical applications of these types of streams is flow around chimneys, high-rise buildings, naval structures, suspended bridges, airplane wings, ship propellers and ducts. In this research, the immersed interface method is used which is a non-conforming method to the boundary. Eulerian mesh for fluid field, and Lagrangian mesh for solid field is used. The connection of these two networks is established by the Dirac Delta function. Considering the cylinder as a rigid immersion boundary within the flow. First, the flow around a square cylinder was simulated and we surveyed different flow patterns. The changes in the number of Strouhal  and the Drag coefficient were investigated in different Reynolds. The flow around the two cylinders was simulated. It was observed that with the increase of Reynolds number and the gap between cylinders, the vortex shedding (Strouhal number) would increase.
Analysis and Experimental Study on Rheological Performances of Magnetorheological Fluids
Authors: LIU Chao , XIE Jianxin , CAI Dongling
Published: February 2020

Silicone-based Magnetorheological Fluids (MRFs) were prepared with 10% volume fraction of carbonyl iron powder. Rheometer Physica MCR 301 was used to test the rheological performances of MRFs.The experimental results show Bingham model and Casson model could well describe rheological behaviors of MRFs. Shear stress of MRFs increases but apparent viscosity is significantly decreased and tends to be stable with the increase of shear rate in the presence of magnetic field. The results also show that MRFs are shear thinning fluids. The dependence of shear stress on magnetic field was tested under the condition of constant shear rate and increasing magnetic field, shear stress of MRFs increases remarkably.
FOR LOVE ALONE
Authors: Ehlers Jeannette
Published: February 2020

FOR LOVE ALONE is a 6 hours performative intervention, originally titled Into the Dark, created for Culture Night at the Royal Cast Collection/West Indian Warehouse in Copenhagen, 12 October 2018.
Hvid[mə] Archive
Authors: Krøyer Holm Annarosa , Haile Miriam
Published: February 2020

This essay describes how the artistic research project Hvid[mə] Archive started as a critical comment on the Danish Royal Cast Collection’s exhibition in the colonial West Indian Warehouse at the harbour front in Copenhagen. The essay situates the project as a response to the lack of verbalization about the warehouse’s colonial past, as well as to the lack of a verbalization about the context and history that the plaster cast collection is a product of. Furthermore, the essay clarifies the use and re-conceptualization of the Danish noun hvidme, and how it created an entry point for a contemporary critical whiteness discourse in a specific Danish art context. The essay also describes how the project developed into the artistic research project and collaboration that it is today. A decolonial and intersectional artist collaboration, that seeks to facilitate exhibitions, encourage artistic workshops and networks, host events with visual artists, cultural producers, writers and theorists working within a decolonial and critical frame. The essay showcases some of our defining activities, as well as aspects of our working methods, practices, reflections, doubts and questions for further discussions.
Team Denmark’s sport psychology professional philosophy 2.0
Authors: Diment Gregory , Henriksen Kristoffer , Larsen Carsten Hvid
Published: February 2020

In 2008, Team Denmark established a sport psychology team with the aim to enhance the quality and consistency of applied sport psychology services in Danish sport. The team began their work by creating a professional philosophy (Henriksen, Hansen, & Diment, 2011). Since this publication, the team has worked closely with Danish athletes, coaches and sport federations in consultations, training and competitions, including at numerous World and Europeans Championships as well as several Olympic Games. Lessons learnt on the job, the introduction to new theoretical perspectives, insights from supervision, and formal professional education have resulted in the continual development of the team’s professional philosophy. The purpose of this article is to present a revised version of Team Denmark’s professional philosophy; including: (1) the vision for the team; (2) basic beliefs and values; (3) the psychological theories that interventions are based upon; (4) Team Denmark’s Sports Psychological model which describes the content and focus of the team’s work; and (5) the concrete psychological services that delivered. High quality service requires coherence across all five levels of the philosophy.
Inversion comique ou critique satirique ? La vue du Capitole de Hieronymus Cock (1562)
Authors: Ribouillault Denis
Published: February 2020

Hieronymus Cock’s view of the Capitoline Hill, published in his 1562 series on Roman ruins, has long been considered a useful document by historians of art and architecture for the key historical and topographical information it contains on one of Rome’s most celebrated sites during the Renaissance. Beyond its documentary nature, which, as will appear, was essentially rhetorical, the view also offers much information as to how a mid-sixteenth-century Flemish artist might perceive Rome’s illustrious topography and celebrated ancient statuary. In other words, Cock’s engraving enables us to put into practice what may be called an “archaeology of the gaze.” Through previously unnoticed details, Cock invents a comical—verging on the satirical—vision of the antique sculptures proudly displayed on the famous piazza. Such an ironical reversal of Italian classical dignity is typical of the attitude of some contemporary Flemish artists, such as Pieter Bruegel the Elder, who was then close to Cock, and exposes the ambivalent position of some Northern European artists towards the classical tradition and Italian art theory. Finally, the analysis of other engravings of ruins by Hieronymus Cock where two emblematic characters—the draftsman and the kakker (the one who defecates)—appear side by side, sheds light on the origin and possible significance of these comical and subversive details.
By a Wing and a Tale: Authenticating the Archive in Mohamad-Said Baalbaki’s Al Buraq I The Prophet’s Human-Headed Mount
Authors: McLeod Erin
Published: February 2020

Al Buraq I : The Prophet’s Human-Headed Mount de Mohamad-Said Baalbaki est le premier volet d’une trilogie qui interroge les pratiques archivistiques et muséales qui prennent forme à partir d’« histoires fortuites ». L’installation complexe de Baalbaki révèle une découverte exceptionnelle : en 1914, l’archéologue allemand Werner von Königswald déterrait d’un cimetière islamique à Jérusalem des objets surprenants, parmi lesquels les os d’une créature ressemblant à un cheval ailé. Von Königswald engagea ses collègues, le paléontologue Hans Wellenhover et l’ornithologue Heinrich Ralph Glücksvogel, dans de nombreux débats scientifiques et théoriques. Ces os avaient-ils appartenu à un cheval difforme ? à un oiseau géant ? ou peut-être même à la créature mythique Al Buraq, le cheval ailé qui guida le Prophète Mahomet ? Al Buraq I met en scène la correspondance et divers objets de curiosité liés à l’excavation, ainsi qu’une réplique du squelette (les vrais os disparurent pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale). Si sa réception illustre l’héritage d’un mélange culturel qui n’est que trop réel, Al Buraq I est en fait une fabrication totale. L’exposition de l’animal fantastique dans une vitrine classique d’histoire naturelle et les débats subséquents soulèvent des questions centrales quant à la façon dont art et artefact sont construits dans le musée. Les objets d’art « posant » comme des artefacts archéologiques et archivistiques jouent entre le réel et le mythique, entre l’authentique et la contre-façon. Par cette orchestration d’objets, Baalbaki invoque des histoires imaginées qui, par le biais de la représentation muséale, prétendent à l’authenticité. Nous considérons ici les rôles croisés que jouent l’institution, l’artiste et le spectateur dans l’authentification de l’archive.