bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the efficacy of Latakaranja as Antispasmodic Drug in Kastaartava - A Randomised Clinical Control Trial
Authors: Ojha Dhiraj , Rawal P.K. , Pujeri Shrishail S. , Shirguppi Sunita
Published: September 2021

Kastaartava (Dysmenorrohea) is a greek word, describes about painful menstruation which the Pratyatmaka Lakhshans of various Yonivyapad that are Vatala Yonivyapad, Udavartini Yonivyapad, Paripluta Yonivyapad, Mahayoni and Vataja Artava Dusti that affects 75% of adolscents, 25-50% of adult women and 5-20% having dysmenorrhea. It is a common reason for losing time at school or work or visiting family doctor. Morbid Vatadosha especially Apanavata is a causative factor of Kastaartava. Vatahara properties are beneficial considering the morbidity and complications that are caused by Kastaaratava, mentioned above herbal preparation has been tried here. This research work is randomized control clinical study with Pre-test and Post-test design. 40 patients suffering from Kastaaratava (Dysmenorrohoea) were selected randomly for study. The selected patients were divided into 2 groups, 20 patients each. The selected 20 patients in Group A (Trial group) were administered Latakaranja Beeja Churna orally. The selected 20 patients in Group B (Controlled group) were administered Rajapravartini Vati. The duration of treatment was for 03 days of menstruation for 2 menstrual cycles and followup for the next menstrual cycle. After the completion of the clinical trial, it was found that in Rajapravartini Vati, there was highly significant result in Cramping pain in abdomen, Irritability, Tenderness in Breast, Back pain and Headache, where as Latakaranja Beeja Choorna there is also significant result in Cramping pain in Abdomen, Irritability, Tenderness in Breast, Back Pain, Headache and Vomiting but statistically considering average mean Latakaranja Choorna shows comparatively lesser effective than Rajapravartini Vati. By the statistical results it can be concluded that Rajapravartini Vati has better result when compared to Latakaranja Choorna in the present study.
A study on “Trini Dravyani Na Ati Upayunjita” with special reference to Lavana as a Nidana for Khalitya
Authors: NM Rashmi
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Pippali (long pepper), Kshara (alkali) andLavana (salt) are referred to as “Trini Dravyani Na Ati Upayunjita” by Charakacharya. It is quoted that when these Dravyas are consumed in excess produces ill-effects to the body. In present era people are going blank in the context of differentiating greed and need of the body. So people are going behind the fast food (spicy and salty food). It makes food delicious. It is used as an appetizer and digestive agent. The National Academy of Sciences United States recommended that adult dietary sodium intake should be below 2300 mg/day with 1200 to 1500 mg/day being considered an adequate intake for optimal health. Charakacharya mentioned excessive intake of Lavana leads to Khalitya. As Lavana is having Ushna and Teekshna property, it does Pitta Prakopa leading to Khalitya. Hence the study has been taken up as an attempt to assess the role of excessive intake of Lavana leading to Khalitya. Aims and Objectives: To review the literatures on Trini Dravyani Na Ati Upayunjita, Lavana, Pippali, Kshara and disease Khalitya and to evaluate the effect of Atisevana of Lavana as a causative factor for Khalitya. Results: In classics excessive intake of Lavana is said as one of the causative factor leading to Khalitya. This is revalidated by the results obtained. Conclusion: Survey study conducted on 100 patients of Khalitya provides significant impact of Lavana in causing Khalitya.
Phyto-pharmacognostic evaluation and HPLC study on Sariva (Hemidsmus indicus R.Br) Root
Authors: K. Kala , MS Veena , . Prabhavathi
Published: September 2021

Plants are among the richest sources of bioactive compounds throughout the world for thousands of years and continue to provide new remedies to mankind. Roots of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. is an important plant drug which is used to cure leprosy, leucoderma, itching, skin disease, asthma, bronchitis, leucorrhoea, dysentery, piles, syphilis, paralysis, urinary disorders and diabetes mellitus. As per Acharya Charaka has mentioned suitable season for collection of Moola i.e. Greeshma and Shishira Rutu. Here an attempt to study to check the potency of root collected as per classical reference. The present study focused on the pharmacognostical, phytochemical investigation as well as HPLC study were performed by taking different solvent extracts of Hemidesmus indicus root. This study highlights the detailed HPLC study on Hemidesmus indicus root by taking different solvent extracts with their increasing polarity which is a referential information for identification parameters and improves our confidence level of acceptability of herbal drugs.
Physico-chemical Analysis of beeswax procured from Mumbai market, Western Ghats (Natural Habitat)
Authors: Naik Shrutika Suresh , Pargunde Sheela
Published: September 2021

Beeswax is the substance that is obtained from the structure of a honey comb. The bees secrete wax to build the honey combs to store honey. It has rich hydrophobic property, the beeswax is in fact present within cosmetics and body products. Also, beeswax is used in food industry. Beeswax is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, free fatty acid, esters of fatty acid. Beeswax plays an important role in Ayurvedic medicine, the traditional medicine name with Madhushistha (Beewax). The Madhushistha is used for the care of wound from abrasion or even from burns with topical application. Some references in Ayurvedic granth highlight the use of Madhushistha in combination with other herbal and mineral mixture, like Sikta Taila, Mruddaharshringa, Jatyadi Taila, etc. Beeswax is mainly of two types, natural beeswax and processed beeswax. Natural beeswax is clarified further heating in water with petroleum waxes. Because of high demand and shortage in market, adulteration of beeswax with cheaper materials are common like animal fat, plant oil and petroleum spirits (Paraffin wax). Hence authenticity of beeswax is major concern and that can be determined by using physico-chemical parameters such as- organoleptic test, solubility, Melting point, Spacific gravity, Refractive index, Acid value, Ester value, Saponification value, volatile matter. With this justification the present study is expected to determine the quality status of four different beeswax samples procured from Mumbai market, western ghats (Natural habitat). The physico-chemical analysis revealed that volatile matter is detected in market sample (2) whereas market sample (1) shows higher melting point as compare to beeswax collected from the Natural habitat. Market sample (1,2) of beeswax shows slight adulteration hence natural habitat samples (1,2) of beeswax should be used in medicine preparation.
Comparative clinical study of Nasya Karma and Shirodhara with Prapaundarikadi Taila in Ardhavabhedaka w.s.r. to Migraine
Authors: M S Navyashree , R Rashmi
Published: September 2021

Background: Ardhavabhedaka is a type of Shiroroga with the cardinal feature of unilateral headache, which if left untreated leads to complications like blindness and hearing loss. This disease can be correlated to Migraine head-ache based on the clinical manifestations. Nasya Karma and Shirodhara are the prime treatment modalities for Shirorogas. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Nasyakarma and Shirodhara in the management of Ardhavabhedhaka. Material and Methods: Patients presenting with the classical features of Ardhavabhedaka and between the age group of 18 to 60 years irrespective of sex were selected and allotted in Group A and B with 20 patients in each group. Group A was administered with Nasya with Prapaundarikadi Taila and Group B with Shirodhara with Prapaundarikadi Taila for 7 days. Result: Data was tabulated and analyzed using Student t-test, paired proportion test, which showed marked improvement in patients with Ardhavabhedaka in both the groups. Nasya and Shirodhara with Prapaundarikadi Taila is proved effective in all patients. According to percentage wise relief in the symptoms of Ardhavabhedaka in Group A and B, Group A showed comparatively better relief. Conclusion: On the basis of the results of this study, it can be clearly concluded that Nasya performed with Prapaundarikadi Taila provided significant relief in the signs and symptoms of Ardhavabhedaka than Shirodhara performed with Prapaundarikadi Taila.
Quality standards of Palasha Kshara Gritha with reference to different vessels
Authors: Gouda H Pampanna , MB Seema , Angadi Ravindra
Published: September 2021

This article attempts to clear the dogma that exists in the preparation of Kshara Ghrita with reference to its critical final stage of Siddhi Laxanas. Palasha Kshara Ghrita (PKG) prepared from the Kshara of Palasha (Grewia asiatica) mentioned in Rasa Tarangini, which is indicated in the treatment of Granthi (tumor) is taken for the study. The present article is an extract of all the observations made during the pharmaceutical study of PKG. All these observations will be of great help when we go for large scale production. The study has tried to establish the ratios of Dravadravyas with Kshara, besides addressing the type of vessels appropriate in such preparations. After preparation of sample in different vessels, these were subjected to analytical study using relevant analytical parameters to find out any difference. During pharmaceutical process Copper vessel was found appropriate on the lines of pharmaceutical preparations. The analytical report of samples reveals no much difference in the parameter findings except pH of PKG 7.00, 9.91 and 9.46 in the vessels such as copper, iron and mud pot respectively. The particle size of Kshara was in between 429.7 to 667 nm under 15.00KV magnification 7.5 KX and EDAX report of Phalasha Kshara under 400 μm potassium Wt% 40.05 and Oxygen is Wt% 39.12. Under 50 μm potassium Wt% 48.91 and Oxygen Wt% 33.40. Under 70 μm potassium Wt% 27.90 and Oxygen Wt% 37.78. As per this study copper vesse l is found better for PKG than Iron and Mud pot for assessment of end process and also on analytical parameter.
A comparative clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Swarasa and Kashaya of Nimba, Amrita, Bhumyamalaki, Bhringaraja and Katuki (NABBK) in the management of Kostashakhashrita Kamala vis-à-vis Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Gangal Shivappa A. , Gangal Deepa S.
Published: September 2021

Kamala is a one among the Rakta Pradoshaja Vikara, where there is aversion towards all desires. Two types of Kamala are mentioned in Ayurvedic classics viz Kostashakhashrita Kamala and Shakhashrita Kamala. Kostashakhashrita Kamala in its definition includes the condition which is mentioned as viral hepatitis in western system of medicine. The treatment modalities described in Ayurveda for Kostashakhashrita Kamala include both Shodhana and Shamana. This study is an attempt to evaluate the efficacy of Nimba, Amrita, Bhumyamalaki, Bhringaraja and Katuki (NABBK) Kashaya and compare its efficacy with that of Nimba, Amrita, Bhumyamalaki, Bhringaraja (NABB) Swarasa with Katuki Churna in Kostashakhashrita Kamala vis-à-vis Viral Hepatitis. Overall difference between two groups showed statistically non-significant result with ‘p’ value 0.953.
A clinical study to evaluate the combined effect of Yavaksharayukta Swarnamakshika with Varanadi Kashaya in benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Mohan Varsha , T.V. Sreeni , Titus Jacob M.
Published: September 2021

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is the adenomatous hyperplasia of the periurethral part of the prostate gland that occurs especially in men over 50 years old and that tends to obstruct urination by constricting the urethra. Overall nearly 80% of men will develop BPH, and as many as 30% will receive treatment for it. The present study was a clinical validation and standardization of Ayurvedic medicines which can provide an improved response to the disease as the present conventional practices are not satisfactory. The study design was interventional. Twenty patients satisfying the selection criteria were selected from the OPD of Government Ayurveda College, Trivandrum. 125 mg of Swarnamakshika and Yavakshara were advised to take with Madhu, followed by 48 ml of Varanadikashaya for a period of 45 days. Assessments were done before and after the study using assessment criteria. The study was statistically significant in symptomatic relief. The study therefore concludes that the combination is effective in the management of BPH.
Community Dialogues to Enhance Inclusion and Equity in Public Libraries
Authors: Holland Anne , Jocz Jen , Vierow-Fields Stephanie , Stier Zachary , Gypin Lindsay
Published: September 2021

Over the past decade, public libraries have shifted from quiet repositories of knowledge to raucous centers of public engagement. Public libraries seek to fill the educational and social gaps left by other informal education organizations (such as museums and science centers) that target specific populations or require paid access for their resources. These gaps are filled by hiring social workers, providing accessible makerspaces, developing English language learner (ELL) programs, facilitating hands-on STEM activities, providing information about community resources and social services, providing summer meals, and much more. But what are the next steps to continue this high level of engagement? By utilizing a Community Dialogue Framework (Dialogues), libraries have engaged with new members of their communities to reach groups not currently benefiting from library services, provided equitable access to new resources, engaged with new partners, and - in the time of COVID - began to address the digital divide in their communities. An examination of forty public libraries’ engagement with and learning from Dialogues was conducted using a qualitative approach and reflexive thematic analysis. An account from a librarian who hosted multiple Dialogues is also presented as a first-person narrative describing their methods and successes using the tool. Benefits and practical considerations for conducting Dialogues are discussed in the results section, followed by limitations and recommendations for further research in this area.
Table of Contents
Authors: Christensen Sarah
Published: September 2021

Table of Contents
A Computer-Based Interactive Narrative and a Serious Game for Children With Asthma: Development and Content Validity Analysis
Authors: Sarasmita Made Ary , Larasanty Luh Putu Febryana , Kuo Li-Na , Cheng Kuei-Ju , Chen Hsiang-Yin
Published: September 2021

Background

Nonadherence to medications, failure to prevent exposure to asthma triggers, lack of knowledge about using medications, and fixed mindsets contribute to poor asthma control in children. Digital learning could provide a new strategy for improving health-related outcomes in children with asthma.

Objective

The aim of this study is to develop and design a digital educational program, titled Module of Inhaler and Asthma Triggers for Children (MIRACLE), for Indonesian children with asthma. The program comprises an interactive narrative and a serious game. It was proposed to increase the understanding of asthma self-management, instruct on proper inhaler techniques, improve asthma control, and promote a growth mindset for children with asthma.

Methods

Two phases of research were conducted to develop the program. In the first phase, a literature search and two rounds of the Delphi technique were conducted to obtain agreement from an expert panel regarding elements of asthma self-management and the design of interactive narratives and a serious game. The expert panel item statements were evaluated using the content validity index (CVI). In the second phase, the SERES framework, Norma Engaging Multimedia Design, and Psychological Theory of Growth Mindset were applied to create a storyline, learn objectives, and game challenges.

Results

In the first phase, 40 experts were invited to participate in Delphi round 1. Forty responses were collected to generate 38 item statements that consisted of part 1, elements of asthma self-management (25 items), and part 2, design of an interactive narrative and a serious game (13 items); 38 experts were involved in Delphi round 2. In total, 24 statements in part 1 and 13 items in part 2 had item-CVI values >0.80. The average CVI was 0.9, which was considered acceptable. Four narrative plots and five game sessions were developed during the second phase. Challenges with the scenario, scoring, and feedback on asthma difficulties were designed to promote a growth mindset for learners.

Conclusions

We developed a culture-specific, computer-based asthma program containing an interactive narrative and a serious game to deliver asthma self-management and promote a growth mindset among Indonesian children.
El crimen de Tekax: la crónica periodística y su narrativa crítica en Yucatán en 1890 / The crime of Tekax: the journalistic chronicle and its critical narrative inYucatán in 1890
Authors: Canto Valdés Luis Roberto , Yanes Pérez Maritel , Ramos Muñoz Dora Elia
Published: September 2021

Se documenta la nota roja publicada sobre un crimen acontecido en una hacienda henequenera de Tekax, Yucatán, en 1890. Se analiza el manejo que la prensa dio a un homicidio, mientras se explica cómo se construyó el control social en el Yucatán rural, y se exploran las razones por las que el periodismo yucateco se interesó en el suceso. El interés del trabajo es explicar cómo la prensa decimonónica meridana presentó evidencias sobre el homicidio de un jornalero y mostró evidencias de cómo se integró en su nota roja una crítica a las condiciones laborales y al andamiaje legal y de investigación que cimentaban el maltrato de los jornaleros mayas por el personal del hacendado.Abstract: The «red note» published on a crime occurred in a henequen farm of Tekax Yucatan in 1890 is documented. The handling of the press gave homicide is analyzed, while explaining how social control was built in rural Yucatan, and the reasons why Yucatecan journalism was interested in the event. This work explain how the nineteenthcentury press of Merida presented evidence about the murder of a day laborer and showed evidence of how a criticism of working conditions and legal and investigative scaffolding that cemented the mistreatment of day laborers was integrated in their red note Maya by the landowner’s staff.Keywords: social control; social change; journalism; social critic; homicide.Résumé : Il s’agit d’une note rouge publiée à propos d’un crime survenu dans une exploitation d’henequen à Tekax, Yucatan en 1890. Est ainsi analysée la manière dont la presse a rendu compte d’un assassinat, tout en expliquant comment fonctionnait le contrôle social dans le Yucatan rural, et pourquoi le journalisme du Yucatan s’est intéressé à cet évènement. L’intérêt de cet article se trouve dans la manière de rendre compte d’un double processus : la presse de Mérida a présenté les preuves de l’assassinat d’un travailleur journalier, tout en intégrant dans la note rouge une critique des conditions de travail et une analyse de l’échafaudage juridique qui a contribué aux mauvais traitements subis par les journaliers mayas de la part du personnel du grand propriétaire.Mots-clés : contrôle social ; changement social ; journalisme ; critique sociale ; assassinat.
Desde qué mirada vieron los franceses a México: L’Illustration. Journal Universel, 1843-1875
Authors: Pérez Siller Javier
Published: September 2021

La mirada del otro se asemeja al ingenioso hidalgo en su primer capítulo: vemos como queremos ver y construimos nuestra mirada con lo que deseamos y con todas las experiencias que alimentan nuestros pensamientos y deseos. Este postulado me permite pensar en la estrategia de investigación y la escritura empleados en el último libro de una antropóloga e historiadora, Esther Acevedo, a quien conocí hace un cuarto de siglo gracias a su bello estudio Testimonios artísticos de un episodio fugaz (1864-1867), a quien he seguido de lejos por sus aportes —a la historia de la caricatura, a la representación pictórica del pasado, a la vida de varios personajes apasionantes, como el Benemérito de la Américas o el hijo de este— y con quien mantengo un diálogo fecundo. Como historiador, no dejaré que mis apreciaciones personales sean las únicas que orienten la mirada en esta reseña, sino que apelaré a la práctica profesional para exponer reflexiones sobre una obra de madurez, editada con las dimensiones adecuadas y una buena elección de papel mate que favorece el objeto de estudio: las imágenes de México difundidas por el periódico francés L’Illustration. Journal Universel.
El Códice de San Damián Tlacocalpan, Tlaxcala, México / The Codex of San Damián Tlacocalpan, Tlaxcala, México
Authors: Macuil Martínez Raúl
Published: September 2021

En el presente trabajo se analizará el Códice de San Damián Tlacocalpan, que fue confeccionado en el siglo XVI en la provincia de Tlaxcala. Este documento hasta ahora no ha sido estudiado ni analizado, por lo tanto, esto nos dará la oportunidad de plantear un orden de lectura y proponer los nombres de los señores y los topónimos que se encuentran ahí. El códice tiene algunas glosas en náhuatl y otras en español, las cuales identifican algunos nombres tanto de lugares como de los personajes representados. Tal y como se puede observar en una glosa que dice: «no sobrino Pablo de Galicia» (‘mi sobrino Pablo de Galicia’), quien fuera gobernador de Tlaxcala hacia 1561-1562.Abstract: In this work we will analyze the Codex of San Damián Tlacocalpan, a document that was made in the 16th century in the province of Tlaxcala. This document has not been studied or analyzed so far, therefore, this will give us the opportunity to propose a reading order, and propose the names of the homeowners and place names found in the document. The codex has some glosses in Nahuatl as in Spanish, these identify some names of both places and the characters individuals represented. As can be seen in a gloss that says «no sobrino Pablo de Galicia» (‘mi sobrino Pablo de Galicia’), who was governor of Tlaxcala in the years 1561-1562.Keywords: codex; Tlaxcala; Pablo de Galicia; San Damián Tlacocalpan; Tlacamecayotl.Résumé : Dans ce travail, nous analyserons le Codex de San Damián Tlacocalpan, un document qui a été réalisé au XVIe  siècle dans la province de Tlaxcala. Ce document n’a pas été étudié ou analysé jusqu’à présent, par conséquent, cela nous donnera l’occasion de proposer un ordre de lecture, et de proposer les noms des personnges et les noms de lieux trouvés dans le document. Le codex a quelques gloses en nahuatl comme en espagnol, celles-ci identifient quelques noms des deux endroits et des caracteres individus représentés. Comme on peut le voir dans un gloss qui dit qu’aucun «no sobrino Pablo de Galicia» (‘mi sobrino Pablo de Galicia’), qui était gouverneur de Tlaxcala dans les années 1561-1562.Mots-clés: Codex ; Tlaxcala ; Pablo de Galicia ; San Damián Tlacocalpan ; Tlacamecayotl.
Frontera, extracción agrícola y nuevas lógicas de apropiación en Talamanca, Costa Rica / Border, agricultural extractivism and new forms of appropriation in Talamanca, Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Echavarría Tania
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo busca generar una reflexión sobre cómo el cantón fronterizo de Talamanca (Costa Rica y Panamá) ha fungido como un espacio de oportunidad para la expansión del extractivismo agrícola (banano y plátano) y la transferencia tecnológica; y, al mismo tiempo, por su riqueza ambiental, ha sido un laboratorio para la conservación internacional. Demostraremos, a través de la etnografía crítica, cómo en este territorio las actividades extractivas se han ido diversificando alrededor del cultivo del cacao, introduciendo nuevas formas de extracción, como la apropiación del conocimiento local, la introducción de nuevas estrategias productivas y la modificación del material genético. Esto con el fin de transformar el modo de producción indígena del cacao para hacerlo más resistente y competitivo, e integrarlo a la lógica del mercado. Abstract: This article seeks to generate a reflection on how the border canton of Talamanca (Costa Rica and Panama) has served as a space of opportunity for the expansion of agricultural extractivism (banana and plantain) and technology transfer, and at the same time, due to its environmental richness, has been a laboratory for international conservation. We will demonstrate, through critical ethnography, how in this territory, extractive activities have been diversifying around cocoa cultivation, introducing new forms of extraction such as the appropriation of local knowledge, the introduction of new productive strategies and the modification of genetic material. The aim is to transform the indigenous mode of cocoa production to make it more resistant and competitive, and to integrate it into the logic of the market. Keywords: borders; extractivism; monoculture; cocoa; Costa Rica.Resumé : Cet article vise à susciter une réflexion sur la manière dont le canton frontalier de Talamanca (Costa Rica et Panama) a servi d’espace d’opportunité pour l’expansion de l’extractivisme agricole (banane et plantain) et le transfert de technologie, et en même temps, grâce à sa richesse environnementale, un laboratoire pour la conservation internationale. Nous montrerons, à travers une ethnographie critique, comment dans ce territoire, les activités extractives se sont diversifiées autour de la culture du cacao, introduisant de nouvelles formes d’extraction telles que l’appropriation des savoirs locaux, l’introduction de nouvelles stratégies de production et la modification du matériel génétique. Ceci, afin de transformer le mode de production indigène du cacao pour le rendre plus résistant et compétitif, et l’intégrer dans la logique du marché.Mots-clés : frontières ; extractivisme ; monocultures ; cacao ; Costa Rica.
Percepción sobre los procesos colaborativos y de participación ciudadana en la zona metropolitana de Puerto Vallarta
Authors: Zamora Sandoval Karimen , Cornejo Ortega José Luis
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: analizar, desde la noción de gobernanza participativa, la percepción sobre los procesos colaborativos y de participación ciudadana en la zona metropolitana de Puerto Vallarta (México) de los representantes del sector gubernamental, de los líderes empresariales y de los investigadores. Metodología: investigación cualitativa mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. Resultados: se deben crear en los municipios conurbados procesos colaborativos eficientes entre el sector público, el privado, la academia y la sociedad civil organizada, así como incentivar una mayor participación proactiva y colaborativa. Limitaciones: no se incluyó en la muestra la sociedad civil. Valor: se enriquece el análisis de la gobernanza en un destino turístico metropolitano interestatal, donde se involucra la participación de un buen número de actores políticos. Conclusiones: no hay un gobierno metropolitano para el desarrollo colaborativo de políticas públicas. Sin embargo, se inició la creación de una estructura de coparticipación entre gobierno y sociedad que necesita monitoreo para evaluar si las decisiones benefician el desarrollo sostenible del destino.
Género, desastres ambientales y consumo de agua embotellada. El caso de la cuenca del río Sonora
Authors: Vázquez-García Verónica
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: estudiar desde la perspectiva de género el consumo de agua embotellada en el contexto del desastre ambiental que provocó el derrame de 40 000 m3 de lixiviados de cobre en el río Sonora. Metodología: se realizaron 40 entrevistas, un taller y se aplicaron 28 cuestionarios en distintas localidades de la cuenca. Resultados: el agua embotellada de distintas marcas y precios se ha convertido en un elemento de diferenciación entre las mujeres. Limitaciones: se requiere ampliar la muestra y realizar análisis biomédicos para profundizar en el estudio. Valor: se contribuye a explicar los factores que intervienen en la sustitución del agua de la llave por la embotellada en la cuenca del río Sonora. Conclusiones: el enfoque de género ayuda a entender las decisiones que toman las mujeres en relación con el agua para consumo humano.
Del ‘aire filosófico’ a los ‘aires químicos’
Authors: Chamizo José Antonio
Published: September 2021

El aire es uno de los cuatro elementos que surgieron con la filosofía griega. El ‘aire filosófico’ se transformó con el paso de los años y particularmente a partir de la Primera Revolución Química en una diversidad de ‘aires químicos’, que con el desarrollo de prácticas químicas experimentales y con la inclusión de diversos instrumentos pudieron ser identificados en cantidades extraordinariamente pequeñas. La pureza de las sustancias químicas forma parte de  una trayectoria técnica, que a finales del siglo XX  llevó al surgimiento de la química atmosférica, cuyos principales protagonistas fueron J. Lovelock, S. Rowland y M. Molina.
Soil Bearing Capacity and Techniques to Improve the Bearing Capacity of Soil
Authors: Peer Wasiq Maqbool
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Soil at a construction site may not always be totally suitable for supporting structures in its natural state. In such a case, the soil needs to be improved to increase its bearing capacity and decrease the expected settlement. This paper gives an overview of techniques that are commonly used to improve the performance of saturated clayey soil in situ, its functions, methods of installation. Then, this study concluded that there is an urgent need to study the technique of removal and replacement for improving soil behaviour taking into consideration geotechnical requirements (i.e.bearing capacity and settlement) and cost to achieve the optimum thickness of replacement layers and the most suitable material corresponding to minimum total cost of foundation works. Keywords: Bearing capacity failure, Preloading, drains, stone column, Dynamic compaction, Grouting methods of soil improvement
Automatic (Headlight) Beam Controlling module for two-wheelers
Authors: Gupta Aman
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Automatic High Beam controller is a device made due to the rising number of accidents at night because of LED headlamps temporarily affecting the vision of the driver on the opposite lane. According to AAA, LED lights do a much better job of illuminating the roadway, particularly in the low-beam application versus a halogen reflector at 150 feet more during testing. But, still, that brings the max vehicle speed to about 52 miles an hour, which is still falling short of highway speeds. So, the users are suggested to drive with high beam on if there is no oncoming traffic within a reasonable distance and the roadway is improperly lit. But in practice most people drive with the high beam settings in places with or without traffic great from the user's standpoint. However, even on low beam, they have such a high intensity that on 2-lane roads, especially when the oncoming driver of a car or small pickup approaches the LED equipped truck at night, in rain, fog, or snow the oncoming driver is blinded at a level equal to or greater than if the LED equipped vehicle were using conventional halogen high beams. This device is made without distance or ambient lighting being deciding factors and entirely based on user’s discretion. The transmitter model is fitted with a button that sends a signal to the receiver model using nrf24L01 modules and AT Mega 8 microcontroller (programmed using Arduino UNO). The pressing of button causes the state of the button to be set to HIGH. This signals the receiving circuit to set the LED pin to LOW. Therefore, the High Beam is set to Low Beam for 5 seconds when the impulse is received. Due to the use of H4 C6 headlamps which are rated for 36W with a minimum power requirement of 12W an adapter was connected to convert 220V AC supply to 12V, 3A DC supply for the LED and the rest of the circuit.
Comparative Study of RC Multistorey Building with Floating Column and Shear Wall Subjected To Seismic Load
Authors: Gajbhiye Akshay
Published: September 2021

Abstract : In modern multistorey building construction, irregularities like the soft storey, vertical and plan irregularities, floating columns etc are very common. Building with an open ground storey for parking is a common feature that results in floating columns. Floating columns provide column free space and a good aesthetic architectural view of the building. floating column means the end of any vertical element that rests on the beam which leads to discontinuity of columns such that the path of load distribution in multi-storey buildings is disturbed. The use of a floating column also tends to increase the moment in the column, storey shear etc which highly undesirable in seismically active areas. So, the study of the best location where the floating column needs to be provided to reduce the impact due to seismic loads is of primordial importance. Shear wall is a vertical member which is provided from foundation to top storey. In this study shear wall is used in the direction of orientation so that it provides additional strength and stiffness to the buildings. In the present analysis, 8 models are studied. The first model considers a multi-storeyed building without any shear wall and floating column. Other models analysed are with shear wall and by varying the location of floating columns. The analysis and design are done by STAAD.pro V8i SS6 version software and the method used is response spectrum analysis in earthquake zone 4. The effect of floating column location on parameters such as Base shear, Displacement, Maximum moment, storey shear and percentage of steel reinforcement are discussed. The comparison of results of different models is also carried out in detail using graphs and bar charts in this study. The suitable location for providing a floating column with the shear wall is also discussed. Keywords: Floating column, Shear wall, Seismic load, STAAD.pro.v8i, Response Spectrum Analysis.
Social Hypocrisies in Vijay Tendulkar’s The Vultures
Authors: Dayal Dr. Ashok
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Early plays in India were written in Bengali by Bengali writers which were mostly translated into English from Bengali in the 19th century. But drama in English failed to serve a local theatrical habitation, in sharp contrast to plays in the mother tongue (both original and in the form of adaptations from foreign languages); and the appetite for plays in English could more conveniently be fed on performances of established dramatic successes in English by foreign authors. Owing to the lack of a firm dramatic tradition nourished on actual performance in a live theatre, early Indian English drama in Bengal as elsewhere in India grew sporadically as mostly closet drama; and even later, only Sri Aurobindo, Ravindranath Tagore and Harindranath Chattopadhyaya produced a substantial corpus of dramatic writing. Between 1891 and 1916 Sri Aurobindo wrote five complete and six incomplete verse plays. Keywords: exploitation, sexual violence, homosexual, individuall degradation, consciousness, hypocrisies
Technique to Prevent Misting Spectacles on Wearing Mask
Authors: Kangarkar Prathamesh
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Person wearing spectacle is facing additional issue with already existing pandemic .The issue of misting glasses of spectacle was never before existed other than faced by bike riders while taking ride in rain on their helmet glasses. Due to misting issue people are not able to do their regular activities and they are not allowed to remove mask as well even worse issues like accidents while riding and the breathing problems since they have to struggle for exhaling air .The probable solutions to overcome same issue are discussed in a brief manner since, no one has idea how long will the pandemic will stay and misting issue too .The below techniques are effective and easy with the cheap cost, and can be adopted by anyone from child to old person (no age-restriction) . Keywords: Mask, Spectacle, Soapwater, Misting, Glasses, Pandemic
Marketing Cardiovascular Mortality? Healthy vs. Unhealthy Food in Television Advertising
Authors: Ikram Mashaal , Williams Kim A , Hill Khari
Published: September 2021

Background:Cardiovascular disease has been the leading killer of Americans since the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918.  During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, social distancing and stay-at-home requests, there has been increased television (TV) engagement, and marketing has become more impactful in modifying consumer behaviors.

Objective:  We evaluated the healthfulness of food marketing, based on commercials most frequently aired on American primetime networks during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Methods:We reviewed a total of 104 TV commercials, 89 chosen randomly during TV watching and 14 targeted to enrich the sample with the leading quick service restaurants (“fast-food chains”).  The commercials fell into 4 categories: 1) fast-food chains, 2) brand-recognized individual items, 3) grocery chains, and 4) home-delivery meals. The food items displayed in each commercial were recorded and scored based on the previously validated healthful versus unhealthful nutrition scoring system, assigning either positive or negative values for each food item in the commercial.

Results:We found that 58% of the commercials advertised fast-food chains (mean score = -3.1, i.e., 3.1 more unhealthy than healthy items per commercial), while 27% were brand-recognized individual items (-0.82), 9% were grocery chains (-0.4), and 6% were for home-delivery meals (0.83); each was less unhealthy than fast-food (p< 0.0001).

Conclusions:Commercial TV in the US routinely promotes the consumption of foods that are known to be unhealthy, particularly those underpinning cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Regulation and/or legislation to curtail the frequency and/or content of these commercials, and consider a ban on such advertising to children, similar to that previously employed in Canada and the European Union.
Water Fasting for Obesity: Is It Worth the Weight
Authors: Williams Kim , Klaper Michael
Published: September 2021

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Sistem Pemilihan Ruang Rawat Inap Menggunakan Metode Weighted Product dan K-Nearest Neighbor
Authors: Adiatma Biva Candra Lutfi , Muahidin Zumratul , Kusrini Kusrini
Published: September 2021

Rawat Inap merupakan istilah yang berarti proses perawatan pasien oleh tenaga kesehatan profesional akibat penyakit tertentu, dimana pasien diinapkan di suatu ruangan dirumah sakit. Ruang instalasi rawat inap merupakan ruang tempat pasien dirawat. Ruangan rawat inap dulunya hanya berupa bangsal yang dihuni oleh banyak orang sekaligus. Penelitian ini fokus pada pengembangan sistem pendukung keputusan untuk memprioritaskan pasien covid-19 atas ketersediaan ruang rawat inap. Sistem ini dirancang untuk membantu pihak rumah sakit dalam memberikan kenyamanan bagi para pasien yang sedang dirawat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah K-Nearest Neighbor untuk mendapatkan klasifikasi dari gambar rontgen pasien kemudian akan dikonversikan ke dalam bentuk bobot sesuai kriteria yang akan diolah berdasarkan kriteria – kriteria yang telah ditentukan oleh rumah sakit kemudian dilanjutkan menggunakan metode Weighted Product untuk perhitungan bobot kepentingan dan bobot pangkat setelah itu akan didapatkan nilai vektor s dan yang terakhir akan didapatkan nilai vektor v dari setiap alternatif untuk mendapatkan prioritas atas ketersediaan ruang rawat inap.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat membantu pihak rumah sakit dalam memprioritaskan pasien covid-19 atas ketersediaan ruang rawat inap.
Analisis Dan Perbandingan Metode Sobel Edge Detection Dan Prewit Pada Deteksi Tepi Citra Daun Srilangka
Authors: Sinaga Anita Sindar R M
Published: September 2021

Daun srilanka dikenal dengan nama daun sirsak, berbentuk bulat lonjong. Identifikasi citra berdasarkan tepi (outline) objek dalam Pengolahan citra menggunakan edge detection. Operasi pelacakan tepi untuk menemukan perubahan intensitas lokal yang berbeda dalam sebuah citra. Penerapan Sobel dan Prewitt adalah untuk mengurangi noise sebelum melakukan perhitungan deteksi tepi sehingga tepi-tepi yang dihasilkan lebih banyak. Deteksi Tepi Sobel dan prewitt dapat mendeteksi tepian yang sebenarnya dengan tingkat error yang minimum. Sobel dan Prewitt mampu mengidentifikasi tepi dengan sumbu-sumbu yang digunakan, memiliki intensitas bilangan acak yang hasilnya berupa angka 0 dan 255 secara menyebar. Sistem yang dibangun menampilkan konversi citra RGB, Grayscale, Sobel dan Prewitt dan Histogram dari proses citra yang dilakukan. Hasil analisa metode Sobel dan Prewitt ditampikan dalam grafik histogram.
Identifikasi Tingkat Kerusakan Jalan Raya Menggunakan Thresholding Dan K-Means
Authors: Fiyah Nur
Published: September 2021

Jalan merupakan sarana transportasi darat yang meliputi segala bagian jalan, termasuk bagunan pelengkap dan perlengkapannya yang diperuntukan bagi lalu lintas yang berada pada permukaan tanah, diatas permukaan tanah, serta diatas permukaan air kecuali jalan kereta api, jalan lori, dan jalan kabel. Jalan berlubang dapat dikatakan sebagai suatu kondisi dimana struktural dan fungsional jalan sudah tidak mampu lagi memberikan pelayanan yang normal dan optimal terhadap lalu lintas yang melintas pada jalan raya tersebut, yang berbentuk seperti mangkuk pada permukaan jalan dan dimensi lubang pada umumnya adalah 150 mm. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengolahan citra berupa identifikasi tingkat kerusakan pada citra jalan berlubang di jalan raya  menggunakan algoritma Thresholding dan K-Means, setelah itu dilakukan penghitungan diamter agar dapat diketahui tingkat kerusakan pada citra jalan berlubang di jalan raya. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh citra jalan berlubang sebanyak 26 citra, dengan 21 citra tersegmentasi dengan baik dengan menggunakan program yang telah dirancang.
MOTIVATION AND MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT: A VIETNAMESE CASE STUDY
Authors: Tran Lap Thi , Nguyen Tuan Son Son
Published: September 2021

Motivation plays a critical role in engaging students to study mathematics and in improving their mathematics performance. The relationship between motivation and mathematics achievement has been discussed in the literature; however, research gaps exist in terms of empirical testing of the key aspects in the context of mathematics education in Vietnam. Therefore, the aim of this study is to address the research gaps by empirically examining the relationship between mathematics motivation and mathematics achievement among high school graduate students in Vietnam. This study adopted the academic motivation toward mathematics scale (AMTMS) for its questionnaire survey and data collection. Six hundred and eighty responses were received from high school graduate students. The data were subjected to structural equation modelling analysis. The current study generated several key findings. Amotivation has been proven to negatively affect mathematics achievement. However, introjected regulation, identified regulation and intrinsic motivation positively affect mathematics achievement. The findings emerging from the current study provide a strong theoretical foundation for improving mathematics achievement by encouraging teachers to improve motivational conditions in mathematics classes in Vietnam. The study discusses some strategies, such as how to foster mastery orientation and the application of effective technology, to improve mathematics achievement.
ISO 50001 sistema de gestión energética 2018 guía de implementación
Authors: López Quintero José Germán , Buritica Macias Angela Maria , Buritica Noreña Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2021

Esta guía permite la iniciación del proceso de mejoramiento de desempeño energético en las empresas de acuerdo a la norma de sistema de gestión de la energía ISO 5001:2018, norma de gran impacto en la actualidad en todos los tipos de empresas. Se realizó una revisión a la norma incluyendo las herramientas necesarias para el mejoramiento de la eficacia energética y el uso del consumo racional de la energía, incluyendo los aspectos principales a trabajar a nivel organizacional para alcanzar estos objetivos. Su aplicación permitirá la reducción de los gases de efecto invernadero, los impactos ambientales relacionados y la reducción de los costos de la energía a través de una gestión sistemática de la energía; con el potencial para ser un medio importante en la reducción del calentamiento global y mejorar el compromiso de las empresas respecto al medio ambiente.
The Human Computer Interaction in the Curricula of Mexican Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Estrada Esponda Royer David , Collazos Cesar A , Muñoz Rodríguez Jonathan Eduardo , Rodriguez Torres Luis Daniel , Cabrera Reynaga Gerardo Javier , Sánchez Ramírez Nicolás de Jesús
Published: September 2021

This article presents the actual state of the incorporation of HCI-related academic subjects to some Mexican universities’ academic programs. The research approach was exploratory and descriptive, also having a quantitative scope. The research considered the 5543 registered universities in all of Mexico in 2019. Results show that 1266 universities offer undergraduate and technical programs in the Information and Communications Technology field, from which 42.58% include 1548 courses related to HCI in their academic programs that are part of 1813 curricula. The courses were then classified into 10 categories proposed by the ACM/IEEE-CS “Joint Curriculum Task Force Computing Curricula”. Additionally, in relation to human capital, it was found that 95.40% of college graduates that studied in a university that includes HCI subjects, had to take them in order to get their degree while 4.30% had the possibility of taking them optionally. Finally, after reviewing 4 different job search platforms, 24827 offers were found that required skills and knowledge related to HCI. This certainly shows that Mexican universities know what is needed and have been developing professionals with skills based on industry needs, at least in the HCI field.
Experimental and Computational analysis of springback in dual phase steels
Authors: Rodríguez Baracaldo Rodolfo , Parra-Rodríguez Yeison , Arroyo-Osorio José Manuel
Published: September 2021

In this work the comfortability of dual-phase automotive steel DP600 is studied through uniaxial tensile tests and V-die bending tests in different directions relative to the rolling direction. A microstructural analysis was also carried out in each characteristic region of the deformation zone, evidencing the changes in the morphology of the microstructure grains. Additionally, the plastic anisotropy of the material was studied by implementing the constitutive anisotropy models known as Hill-48 and Barlat-89. The results showed an increase in elastic recovery at 45 ° and 90 ° from the rolling direction. This variation can be attributed to the morphology of the martensite that created preferential location zones within the material during the rolling process. The two models Hill-48 and Barlat-89 correctly describe the yield surface and the plastic anisotropy obtained in the experimental tests carried out. The simulation using the finite element method and the Hill-48 model gave satisfactory results in the prediction of the elastic recovery as compared to the experimental results obtained with the V-die bending test.