bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posledice neudeležbe strank na glavni obravnavi v upravnem sporu
Authors: Lovšin Špela , Štemberger Katja
Published: March 2022

Avtorici obravnavata pravne posledice neudeležbe strank na glavni obravnavi v uprav nem sporu. Te so namreč v ZUS-1 urejene precej skopo, zaradi česar se upravni sodniki v praksi pogosto znajdejo pred dilemo, kako v primeru nenavzočnosti strank ravnati. K temu pripomore tudi čedalje bolj poudarjen pomen pravice do glavne obravnave v upravnem sporu. V prvem delu prispevka najprej obravnavata vsebino pravice do glavne obravnave v upravnem sporu, posledice neudeležbe strank na glavni obravnavi v uprav - nem sporu v ureditvah izbranih evropskih držav ter v slovenski ureditvi pravdnega postopka. V drugem, osrednjem delu prispevka, pa se osredinjata na posledice neudeležbe strank na glavni obravnavi v upravnem sporu v skladu s trenutno ureditvijo ter predlogom novele ZUS-1C, ki po njunem mnenju omenjene problematike ne obravnava celovito. Prispevek skleneta s predlogi o ureditvi de lege ferenda.
For a Revolutionary Feminist World-Systems Analysis
Authors: Miraj Umaima
Published: March 2022

In revolutionary anti-colonial movements, women's involvement has been limited, and their contributions often marginalized or forgotten. This is not only an empirical puzzle in that anti-colonial movements have historically recruited women and furthered feminist discourse while also marginalizing female members, but also a political problem for movements that the lived reality for female participants diverges from the egalitarian philosophies of the movements themselves. In this article, I build on and further develop theories of feminist world-systems analysis, contending that feminist world-systems needs to rethink theories of anti-systemic movements to better include women’s revolutionary roles as active agents in the historical process of colonial independence and decolonization. In so doing, I contend that a revolutionary feminist world-systems analysis is increasingly important to analyze that women’s active roles as revolutionary agents have been sidelined because the movements that they have been a part of have also found themselves co-opted by dominant liberal ideology. This theoretical position is illustrated through an analysis of the published periodicals of the anti-colonial Ghadar Party. Through this empirical case study, I show that Ghadar’s revolutionary potential receded to the background because of its failures to fully include its female members. This case study is then levied to demonstrate how reviving a feminist world-systems analysis can help us better theorize women’s important but under-analyzed role in revolutionary anti-colonial movements.
Pengaruh Bimbingan Belajar Intensif terhadap Pencapaian Akademis Peserta Didik Kelas IV Mata Pelajaran Matematika Pada Kurikulum 2013 di Mi Salafiyah Syafi’iyah II
Authors: Hakim Abd.
Published: March 2022

Matematika merupakan mata pelajaran yang dipelajari disetiap jenjang pendidikan mulai dari SD/MI, SMP/MTs, SMA/MA sampai jenjang perguruan tinggi. Keberadaan ilmu Matematika begitu penting bagi perkembangan peserta didik untuk meningkatkan prestasinya, baik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari maupun dalam perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang lain.

Untuk mencapai prestasi belajar yang optimal maka harus memperhatikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi belajar. Proses pencapaian prestasi belajar dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan faktor eksternal peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh bimbingan belajar intensif terhadap capaian akademis siswa kelas IV Mata Pelajaran Matematika pada Kurikulum 2013 di MI Salafiyah Syafi’iyah II”

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analisis paired sampel t-test. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas IV yang berjumlah 44 siswa dan sampelnya sebesar 20 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan “ Simple Random Sampling”. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pengamatan berperan serta dan tes ujian. Teknik analisis data menggunakan paired sampel t-test untuk mengetahui perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar sebelum dan sesudah bimbingan belajar untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh bimbingan belajar intensif terhadap prestasi belajar Matematika.

Dari hasil analisis data diketahui terdapat perbedaan yang sangat signifikan antara nilai matematika sebelum mendapatkan bimbel intensif dan sesudah mendapatkan bimbel intensif. Program bimbingan belajar intensif dapat mengatasi siswa yang tidak tuntas belajar guna mencapai ketuntasan belajar siswa serta dapat membantu siswa yang memiliki kemampuan rendah,  maka ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara bimbingan belajar intensif terhadap capaian akademis siswa kelas IV mata pelajaran matematika di MI Salafiyah Syafi’iyah II.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disarankan pada pihak sekolah terutama guru agar bimbingan belajar intensif dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu cara untuk membantu siswa mencapai ketuntasan belajar karena pada bimbingan belajar intensif siswa yang belum tuntas belajar akan mendapatkan lagi penjelasan materi yang sudah diajarkan. Bagi peneliti yang akan datang, apabila akan menggunakan variabel yang sama dalam penelitiannya disarankan agar mengambil jumlah sampel yang lebih besar sehingga hasil penelitian tersebut bisa bermanfaat bagi banyak pihak.
Multiple Intelligences dalam Pembelajaran yang menyenangkan
Authors: Khoirunnisaa’
Published: March 2022

Konsep multi-kecerdasan (multiple intelligences) bukan tujuan tetapi lebih pada cara untuk membantu siswa mencapai tujuan penting yaitu mampu bekerjasama antara siswa dan guru. Dalam teori multi-kecerdasan bagi pendidikan adalah merangsang guru dan siswa untuk imajinatif dalam kurikulum, memutuskan bagaimana kurikulum diajarkan atau disampaikan dan menentukan bagaimana pengetahuan siswa ditunjukkan. Terdapat tujuh jenis kecerdasan yang dapat membantu membuat pembelajaran menjadi menyenangkan, yaitu : (1) kecerdasan verbal-linguistik, yaitu kemampuan dalam menggunakan bahasa; (2) kecerdasan logis-matematik, yaitu kemampuan yang berkenaan dengan mengenal pola-pola, aturan dan rangkaian alasan; (3) kecerdasan visual-spasial, kemampuan untuk memahami bentuk dan gambar-gambar; (4) kecerdasan berirama-musik, yaitu kapasitas berpikir tentang musik seperti mampu mendengar, mengingat, mengenal, dan bahkan memanipulasi pola-pola musik; (5) kecerdasan jasmaniah-kinestetik, yaitu kemampuan untuk menggunakan seluruh tubuh dalam mengekspresikan ide, perasaan dan menggunakan tangan untuk menghasilkan atau mentransformasi sesuatu; (6) kecerdasan interpersonal, yaitu kemampuan untuk membaca tanda dan isyarat sosial, komunikasi verbal dan non-verbal, dan mampu menyesuaikan gaya komunikasi secara tepat; (7) kecerdasan intrapersonal, yaitu kecerdasan yang bersumber pada pemahaman diri secara komprehensif guna menghadapi, merencanakan, dan memecahkan berbagai persoalan yang dihadapi.
Iowa’s Lost National Forests
Authors: Phelps Jess
Published: March 2022

Iowa is primarily an agricultural landscape. It is perhaps then not a surprise that Iowa lacks a national forest. This initial reaction, however, misses the fact that Iowa very nearly had several national forests covering thousands of acres in the state. This Article explores this history, examines why these national forests did not materialize, and provides context for the use of other potential tools for securing contemporary conservation objectives in the state.

To this end, Section II of this Article explores the state’s landscape history. Section III provides a history of the U.S. Forest Service and the creation of the eastern National Forests. Section IV specifically explores Iowa’s efforts towards establishing national forests. Section V briefly touches upon the state’s subsequent conservation efforts, while Section VI explores why more recent efforts to facilitate large-scale federal purchases have not materialized. Last, Section VII considers how current conservation tools may replicate at least some of the benefits that extensive national forests would have provided. Ultimately, Iowa’s lost national forests can help us to understand the process of National Forest formation, evolving conservation priorities, and the lasting benefits of landscape-level conservation efforts and how such projects can be pursued today.
Environmental Ethics and Environmental Law
Authors: Makoul Zoe
Published: March 2022

This Note poses the question of whether—and how—lawmaking can create a platform for promoting an environmental ethic. There is a body of scholarship about how values or virtue ethics impact lawmaking, but this Note also explores the opposite—how lawmaking impacts the values or virtue ethics of the public. Environmental ethicists disagree about the very origins of environmental ethics. Some thinkers believe that environmental ethics stem from “core values” that are inherent to human nature. Others posit a set of “green virtues” that can be learned. But there is agreement that education through exposure to the natural world is fundamental to ethical development. Ideally, people develop green virtues that guide their everyday actions but, to encourage a true love of the natural world, their core values must be awakened; this is done locally, via connections to wild spaces. Through the creation of national parks and through public land-granting, law creates a platform that can contribute to the formation of environmental consciousness, from materializing the “wilderness” ideal to demonstrating the value of “otherness.” The relationship between environmental law and environmental ethics creates a virtuous circle—in both senses of the word—as virtue drives enriched environmental law as much as environmental law has the capacity to create green virtues. The virtuous circle concept risks the implied instrumentalization of virtues, robbing them of intrinsic realization by using them as policy tools. However, this is a false dichotomy; environmental law is a tool that can be used by a democracy to change itself by creating a different set of experiences to make concrete the values that we hold in abstraction or as aspiration. This Note draws on Aristotle’s virtue ethics to posit that lawmaking can create a holistic platform for people to learn how to practice an environmental ethic, which in turn promotes the passage of new regulatory and protective environmental laws.
Reproductive Indeterminacy and Rights Discourse in Frozen Embryo Disputes
Authors: Knouse Jessica
Published: March 2022

The lived experience of reproduction is infused with indeterminacy. Judicial rhetoric, in contrast, operates in absolutes. Litigants are perceived in binary terms as fertile or not, trying to procreate or not, pregnant or not, and parents or not – when the reality of their situations is far more complicated. Rights are similarly perceived in binary terms, such that a litigant seeking procreative autonomy may assert either the “right to procreate” or the “right to avoid procreation” – even if neither accurately describes what she wants. Disputes over frozen embryos provide unique insight into this problem, because they involve parties who have experienced months if not years of reproductive indeterminacy and who, at the point of litigation, make opposing rights claims. When a couple disagrees about the disposition of jointly-created frozen embryos and the disagreement is not resolved by contract, most courts apply a balancing test: The interests of the party asserting the “right to procreate” are weighed against the interests of the party asserting the “right to avoid procreation.” Ordinarily, the latter prevails, unless the party wishing to procreate lacks a “reasonable” path to parenthood without the embryos. Whether a “reasonable” path exists often turns on whether the party wishing to use the embryos is perceived as fertile, in which case her claim will likely be denied, or sterile, in which case it may succeed.

This framework misses the complexity, contingency, and uncertainty intrinsic in all reproductive endeavors. The decision to procreate or avoid procreation is rarely singular or stable. People undergoing IVF are rarely either fertile (able to establish a pregnancy) or sterile (permanently unable to establish a pregnancy). They are, instead, infertile, and their infertility has led them to make many decisions over the course of many months and often years about how, when, and whether to proceed with treatment. And if they achieve pregnancy – not to mention parenthood – they will make many more. To describe these individuals, in the context of a frozen embryo dispute, as choosing “to procreate” or “to avoid procreation” trivializes the complexity of their circumstances. Similarly, to assume that a party experiencing infertility has a “reasonable” path to parenthood without the embryos is to ignore the reality that, even if she has the resources (physical, emotional, and financial) to undergo further treatment, there is no guarantee that it will produce gametes, that the gametes will create embryos, that the embryos will lead to pregnancy, or that the pregnancy will result in childbirth. Existing judicial rhetoric, by erasing inherent indeterminacy, offers a disappointingly limited vision of reproductive potential and reproductive rights. This article draws on multiple lines of work, from postmodern feminism to reproductive justice, to argue for a new doctrine in which reproductive rights exist not within a binary system but rather along a multi-dimensional spectrum.
The Coronavirus as a Changemaker: Opportunities to Advance American Maternal Care in the Wake of the Pandemic
Authors: Anderson-Seller Rachel
Published: March 2022

Birthing people in the United States pay more than citizens of other high-income countries and receive lower quality care, most of which is provided by physicians in hospital settings. Legal restrictions on midwives—the result of two centuries of pervasive sexist, racist, and anti-immigrant campaigns—prevent birthing people from making meaningful choices about their preferred birthing location and attendant, even though hospital births carry risks of their own. Policymakers may be hesitant to amend legislation and regulations due to a misperception that community birth is unsafe and that those who choose it are irresponsible. However, the COVID-19 pandemic presents an opportunity for change. In an effort to avoid hospitals, which are overwhelmed with COVID-19 patients and have enacted strict limits on support personnel during labor, birthing women are increasingly turning to community birth. Midwives and their clients can capitalize on this increased demand by advocating for an updated maternal care system.
SECRETS OF THE PANAMA PAPERS: HOW TAX HAVENS EXACERBATE INCOME INEQUALITY
Authors: Cockfield Arthur
Published: March 2022

Data leaks like the Panama Papers show how tax havens provide a secret offshore financial system that privileges three main actors: malefactors, millionaires, and multinational corporations. Such leaks have provided millions of documents detailing how certain taxpayers benefit from tax haven services. Wealthy criminals use the offshore world to anonymize their financial misdeeds and, in low-income countries, drain governments of valuable resources while citizens remain in dire circumstances. High-income taxpayers exploit the offshore world to legally reduce their tax bills, deploying techniques that are not available to ordinary-income taxpayers. The leaks also show how the wealthiest members of society—the top 0.01%—are more likely to engage in the criminal offense of offshore tax evasion by hiding their fortunes in tax havens. Finally, multinational corporations set up related corporations in tax havens to reduce global tax liabilities legally, providing higher returns for wealthier shareholders. By privileging the interests of criminals, millionaires, and corporations, the offshore world is exacerbating the growing income inequality found in much of the world. This Article considers legal and policy reforms to address this challenge.
TAXPAYER CHOICES, ITEMIZED DEDUCTIONS, AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FEDERAL & STATE TAX SYSTEMS
Authors: Field Heather
Published: March 2022

Almost 30 million taxpayers who itemized their federal deductions for the 2017 tax year switched to the standard deduction for 2018. The provisions of the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act (“TCJA”) that led to this shift were intended to simplify the individual income tax system. This Article’s empirical study of federal and state tax filing data, however, demonstrates that the TCJA’s simplifying effect varied state-to-state depending on whether a state obligated its taxpayers to make the same choice for state tax purposes (i.e., to itemize deductions or take the standard deduction) as the taxpayer made for federal purposes. In states that obligated taxpayers to make the same choice, taxpayers experienced at least some simplification, and tax administration by the IRS and state tax authorities became materially easier, although the IRS’s simplification benefit was dampened to some degree. In states that allowed taxpayers to make state tax choices that differed from their federal choices, the TCJA’s simplifying effect for many taxpayers was largely illusory, state income tax administration actually became more complex, and some tax enforcement costs were, in effect, shifted from the IRS to state tax authorities. Thus, this Article’s study reveals that state-level rules about tax choices undermined the federal policy goal motivating the TCJA’s itemization-related changes.

A taxpayer’s choice whether to itemize is just one of many tax elections explicitly provided to taxpayers. Accordingly, this Article’s study of taxpayers’ itemization choices also serves as an example that illustrates a broader point—state-level rules about whether taxpayers must make uniform federal and state tax elections create important, but previously underappreciated, interactions between the federal and state tax systems. Policymakers cannot fully understand the policy implications of many federal tax law changes unless they appreciate these federal/state interactions. This Article helps policymakers do so.
Moving Beyond MDA to Control STH Infections through WASH, Hygiene Education, and Community Engagement
Authors: Hernandez Cara , Gross Catherine Gross , Loeb Sarah Claire Loeb
Published: March 2022

Over 1.5 billion people worldwide are afflicted by soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections: Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Trichuris trichiura (Ercumen et al., 2019). The disease burden falls mainly on low and middle-income countries (LMICs) without adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), since transmission mainly occurs through soil contaminated with infected feces (Khan et al., 2019). Infection control has typically relied on annual school-based mass drug administration (MDA), however, MDA is not a long-term solution because it does not interrupt environmental transmission (Khan et al., 2019; Vaz Nery et al., 2019, Ziegelbauer et al., 2012). 

WASH infrastructure and hygiene behavior must be improved to reduce environmental transmission of STH infections (Ecrumen et al., 2019). WASH efforts include access to safely managed water sources and latrines and adequate fecal management (Worrell et al., 2016). However, WASH infrastructure improvements must be accepted by the community and coupled with behavior change to achieve full benefits (Al-Delaimy et al., 2014; Parker et al., 2008; Watson et al., 2017). Community engagement centers communities in the design, implementation, and evaluation of interventions to increase their acceptability and maximize sustainability (Clarke et al., 2018; Muluneh et al., 2020), thus improving the ability of MDA and WASH interventions to achieve long-term and sustainable reductions in STH infections (Clark et al., 2018; Gyorkos et al., 2013; Muluneh et al., 2020). The objective of this review is to examine the impact, methods, and takeaways from interventions that supplement MDA on efforts to control STH infections globally and demonstrates how community engagement practices can augment the effectiveness of interventions.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA SETULANG, KECAMATAN MALINAU SELATAN, KABUPATEN MALINAU, KALIMANTAN UTARA
Authors: Junaedi I Wayan Ruspendi , Veronika Titin , Irawan Irawan , Wiratanaya I Nyoman Gede
Published: March 2022

Village tourism the one of strategy to solve the problem of poverty in the village. Constraints such as infrastructure are still lacking and information about Setulang Tourism Village is still limited yet, this research was conducted to find out the development strategies that exist at Setulang Tourism Village. There are 3 respondents of the SWOT analysis, techniques to getting data by interviewing, documenting and filling out the questionnaires. There are 4A internal variables, accessibility, the distance of location and transportation facilities, attractions, namely arts and cultural activities, the pure of forest and handicrafts, ancillary namely local organizations and government, and amenities, which are available of homestays. External variables are socio-cultural, competition, law, economy, security and threats. 9 indicators of internal variable,there are 2 weaknesses namely community handicrafts and transportation facilities. 10 indicators of external variable there are two threats, namely same of tourist attractions and the convenience of tourists to visiting. In the SWOT analysis there are IE, IFAS / EFAS, and SWOT matrix. IFAS results obtained 3.22 while the number of EFAS 2.97. Matrix of IE, Setulang Tourism Village in 2018 is high or strong. This research shows several indicators that Setulang Tourism Village needs to improve to become a tourist destination and hopefully it can be an advice for the future.

Keywords : Definition of Tourism Village, Sample Determination Method, SWOT Analysis
IMPLEMENTASI FINTECH (E-WALLET) DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN BISNIS BAGI PELAKU UMKM DI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Nurina Saffanah  , Amir Wanda
Published: March 2022

The existence of a digital wallet can improve services in the financial sector, making it easier for consumers to make transactions. In addition, the use of digital wallets by SMEs actors can be a place to promote their products through attractive promo offers on a regular basis, also help SMEs players get an investment opportunity in the digital industry and can be one of the pillars of Indonesia's economic resilience in the future. This study aims to explore the extent of the application of fintech in the form of a digital wallet for SMEs actors in Makassar. The research method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach to explain the purpose of the research. The data used in this study is primary data. Where data is collected through the process of filling out questionnaires distributed to SMEs actors in Makassar City. The results of this study indicate that SMEs actors have a positive perception of using digital wallets as an alternative easy payment method, reducing physical contact, increasing sales, as a product promotion event, and reducing operational costs and capital costs.
UROGENITAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS AMONG COMMUNITIES SURROUNDING KIRI RESERVOIR, ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA.
Authors: Kaleson M.S. , Istifanus W.A. , Suleiman M.M. , Panda S.M.
Published: March 2022

schistosomiasis is endemic and remains a life-threatening problem in Nigeria, especially among communities that come in frequent contact with water bodies. Information on the level of endemicity varies from place to place and is vital for control purposes. There is a paucity of such data for the Kiri reservoir and environs. A longitudinal study was undertaken in 7 communities surrounding the reservoir from 2018 to 2019 to assess the prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis. A total of 688 urine samples were assayed for schistosome ova using the sedimentation technique. Out of these, 296 (43%) were positive for Schistosoma heamatobium ova. Males were significantly more infected than females (p<0.05). Infection was also significantly higher in younger than older individuals (p<0.05). There was a significant relationship between the prevalence of infection and distance from the reservoir, occupation as well as the level of education of individuals. With the observed level of endemicity, mass chemotherapy, provision of potable water and health education are advocated as mitigation measures that will reduce endemicity and curtail the further spread of the infection.
Türkiye’de Son 10 Yılda Hemşirelik Alanında Yapılan Human Papilloma Vırus Konulu Makalelerin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜLLÜ Fehime Nida , TÜMER Adile
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’de 2011-2020 yılları arasında hemşirelik alanında yayımlanan Human Papilloma Virüs konulu makalelerin özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Araştırma retrospektif tipte literatüre dayalı tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır.Google Akademik, PubMed ve Türk Medline veri tabanlarından Türkçe ve İngilizce olarak "halk sağlığı, hemşirelik, HPV, HPV aşısı” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Dahil edilme kriterlerine göre, 2011-2020 yılları arasında yayımlanan 38 makale incelenmiştir. Makalelerin %89.5’inin araştırma makalesi ve %42.1’inin tanımlayıcı tipte olduğu saptanmıştır. Makalelerin %39.5’inin dört veya daha fazla yazarlı ve yazarların %52.6’sının doğum ve kadın hastalıkları hemşireliği bilim dalından olduğu belirlenmiştir. Makalelerin %68.4’ünün uluslararası dergilerde ve %55.3’ünün İngilizce yayımlandığı;araştırma makalelerinin(n=34) %32.4’ünün “Rahim Ağzı Kanseri ile HPV Aşısına Yönelik Bilgi ve Tutum” konulu olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmaların %50’sinin okul/üniversitelerde yapıldığı, %35.3’ünün örneklemi sağlık alanındaki öğrencilerin oluşturduğu ve %35.3’ünün 450 ve üzeri katılımcıyla gerçekleştirildiği belirlenmiştir. Türkiye’de son 10 yılda hemşirelik alanında yayımlanan Human Papilloma Virus konulu makalelerin çoğunluğunun tanımlayıcı tipte ve sağlık alanındaki öğrenciler üzerinde yapıldığı görülmüştür. Konuyla ilgili riskli birey/gruplar üzerinde, özellikle erkeklerin de dahil edildiği deneysel ve nitel araştırmaların arttırılması önerilir.
Ligao City’s Folklore: A Repertoire of Culture and Tradition, An Anthology of Indigenous Healing
Authors: Dematera Anacito
Published: March 2022

The study is centered on the narratives on indigenous healing practices of Ligao City, Albay province, Philippines. It gathered genres, documented repertoire, validated text authenticity, translated texts into vernacular, and classified the typology of indigenous healing practices in the area. The research is descriptive ethno-literary in nature, employing ethnographic methods such as community immersion, participant observation, unstructured interviews, and digital documentation. The collected texts were transcribed from the dialect/vernacular and translated into the English language; they were then anthologized and classified according to their respective genres; and the research process and data were captured through a coffee table book and ethnovideography. The study found eighty-one (81) narratives on indigenous healing practices. Ligao’s indigenous healing practices are more difficult to translate into other Bicol dialects and into the English language due to its unique syllabication, sound, and spelling. Plenty of words spoken and written in the dialect do not have an exact translation or counterpart in the English language; they need lengthy elaboration to contextualize their meanings. Narratives on Indigenous Healing Practices in Ligao City are present in the culture and tradition of an older generation that in their dawn realized this repertoire of various lore showcasing valuable historical and cultural information could be eventually lost. As the different practices of indigenous healing continue to decrease in number significantly every year, abandoned by the generations who used to embrace them, preservation of the lore for posterity must be a priority.
A review on Black Pepper as Antidiabetic agent: Black- Not always bad
Authors: Mankar S.D. , Pankaj Sonawane M.S. Bhosale , Shelke Mohini
Published: March 2022

Because of their broad pharmacological potentials and lower side effects in biological systems, medicinal plants are particularly popular in numerous traditional medical systems. Piper nigrum L. (Family Piperaceae) is a well-known spice known as "The King of Spices" among many others. It includes the pungent alkaloid ‘‘piperine," which is thought to have a variety of pharmacological effects. By blocking many metabolizing enzymes, it increases the bioavailability of a variety of medicines and minerals.Anti-hypertensive, anti-platelet, antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-asthmatics, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrheal, antispasmodic, antidepressants, immunomodulatory, anticonvulsant, anti-thyroids, antibacterial, antifungal, hepato-protective, insecticidal, and larvicidal activities are just a few of the pharmacological properties Black pepper has traditionally been used to treat diarrhea, dyspepsia, cholera, and gastrointestinal problems.It contains alkaloids, flavones, steroids, and terpenes, among other active phytochemicals. Piperine is the main alkaloid contained in black pepper, accounting for around 4-6 percent of the total. Piperine has recently been discovered to be a PPAR-agonist, a ligand-activated transcription factor found in adipocytes and macrophages that promotes adipocyte development and insulin sensitivity. As a result, piperine could be used as an anti-diabetic medication. Essential oils, acids, esters, alcohol, and phenols make up this mixture. The essential oils that give it its distinct flavor are primarily made up of a group of chemical molecules known as terpenes. Black pepper's antibacterial properties are due to terpenes. Black pepper also has the ability to stimulate saliva secretion, HCL acid, digestive fluid, bile, and mucus, all of which contribute to immune stability. This study aims to give a review of the literature on pharmacognosy, pharmacological activity, and novel piperine.
A Review on the Study of Pathogenesis and Herbal treatment of Tinea versicolor
Authors: M. Rai Anuraag , Chauhan Bhavik
Published: March 2022

Tinea Versicolor are fungal infections caused by micro-organism Malassezia furfur. The infections led to symptoms such as white and black patches onto the skin, however, the infections can be treated by using antifungal preparations. The disease is not severe but on long term, if left untreated, may lead to various skin disorders. In this article, a brief study of the disease as well as the nature of the micro-organism has been shown. Along with the full description of the disease such as pathophysiology and diagnosis, a novel approach for its treatment using the natural herbs has been discussed which may be the limelight of this paper. Herbs which are inhabitated in nature having anti-fungal activity has been thoroughly studied along with its legit researches and experiments.
The Superiority of Yeast Secondary Metabolites, from Industrial applications, Biological activities to Pharmaceutical potential
Authors: Elkhateeb Waill A. , El-Ghwas Dina E. , Al kolaibe Abdu Ghalib , Akram Muhammad , Daba Ghoson M.
Published: March 2022

Yeasts are eukaryotic microorganisms that are existing in a wide range of habitats, thanks to their ability to adapt even in extreme locations and conditions. Moreover, the unicellular nature of yeasts makes them better suited for deep liquid substrates or moist and uneven surfaces. Till now, about 1500 species of yeasts are described, and the genus Saccharomyces is the well-studied genus of all the yeasts in terms of physiology and genetics. In this review, we elucidate the role of yeasts as biotechnological tool and their current and potential applications. We also highlighted the features, and industrial application of some marine yeasts. Furthermore, describing rarely basidiomycetous yeast involved in different applications. Contributions of yeasts and their enzymes in food, industrial, and pharmaceuticals fields were also discussed. Finally, employment of yeasts in biotransformation process was show.
DOE Assisted RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for Estimation of L-Cysteine and Cystine with Dansyl Chloride derivatization in Presence of Amino Acid Mixture
Authors: A. Suneetha , Sekhar B. Chandra , Babu K. Sudheer
Published: March 2022

The aim of the present study is to apply Design of Experiments (DoE), to develop an assay and optimize the derivatization reaction. DoE study type is Response Surface, Sub type is Split-plot, Design is D-optimal method was used in the study for the separation of L-Cysteine and L-Cystine in presence of amino acids by RP-HPLC. DoE Response Surface Split-plot method was used in this study. DoE allows to interpret the results with better outcome and enhanced understanding. Pre-column derivatizing agent Dansyl Chloride was used for dansylation of amino acids; 10mm Ammonium Acetate buffer PH 6.3, Acetonitrile was used as mobile phase in Eclipce XDB C18 column (150mm × 4.6mm, 5μm). Derivatizing reagent volume, derivatization reaction heating time, and temperature was evaluated as variables in the DoE. The wavelength for all amino acids is 222nm. Conclusively DoE as an efficient tool for optimization of dansylation reaction for the separation of L-Cysteine and L-Cystine in presence of amino acids. Method development was established and the design is validated. The proposed method has adequate reproducibility, specificity and accurate for the estimation of L-Cystine and L-Cystine in the presence of amino acids in routine analysis.
ÖĞRETMENLERİN GÜÇLENDİRİLMESİNİN OKULLARDA ÖRGÜTSEL VATANDAŞLIK DAVRANIŞI GÖSTERME EĞİLİMLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: ERBAŞ KELEBEK Ezgi Fatma
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, psikolojik güçlendirmenin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı üzerindeki etkisini açıklamaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Kocaeli’nde bulunan özel okullarda çalışmakta olan öğretmenlere yönelik bu araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada personel güçlendirme kavramın psikolojik boyutu olan anlam, yetkinlik, özerklik (otonomi) ve etki olarak dört boyutta ele alınırken; örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı (ÖVD), özgecilik (diğerlerini düşünme), vicdanlılık (ileri görev bilinci), sivil erdem (örgüt gelişimine destek verme), centilmenlik (gönüllülük) ve nezaket boyutları ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmada öğretmenlerin ÖVD sergileme düzeyini belirlemek amacıyla, geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği daha önce ülkemizde yapılan araştırmalarda da test edilmiş olan ÖVD ölçeği, öğretmenlerin psikolojik güçlendirme ile ilgili algılarını ölçmek amacıyla ise psikolojik güçlendirme ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak anket kullanılmıştır. Açıklayıcı faktör analizleri ve hipotezleri test etmek için regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında yaklaşık 210 kişiye internet üzerinden ve yüz yüze anket formunu doldurmaları amacı ile ulaşılmıştır. Toplanan verilerden eksik ve özensiz olarak doldurulan formlar değerlendirmeden çıkarılmıştır. Bu formlar da çıkarılınca değerlendirilmeye 177 adet anket kalmıştır. 177 öğretmenin verdiği cevaplara göre yapılan analiz sonuçları, psikolojik güçlendirmenin alt boyutlarından “özerklik” ve “yetkinlik” boyutlarının, örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışının alt boyutlarından “özgecilik”, “vicdanlılık” ve “sivil erdem” boyutları üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif etkisinin olduğunu göstermiştir.
酚類抗氧化劑芝麻酚可經由NF-kB和MAPKs路徑來調節抗血小板的作用機轉
Authors: 甘錦康 甘錦康 , Kam-Hong Kam 孫瑞明 , Jui-Ming Sun 謝政達 , Cheng-Ta Hsieh 黃國倉
Published: March 2022

在急性冠心症患者的治療中，抗血小板藥物扮演重要的角色。現今由於經皮冠狀動脈介入手術次數和其併發症增加，其中動脈血栓形成是主因，所以必須用抗血小板藥物來治療。目前的抗血小板療法對預防血栓併發症非常有效。然而，由於藥物動力學和藥物的相互作用、遺傳體質造成血栓的增加，越來越多的患者儘管使用抗血小板藥物，仍然發生血栓的併發症。因此，最近研究已經提供新的抗血小板藥物具有更好的抗血栓功能，而不會增加出血風險。芝麻酚是一種從芝麻脂質中提取的膳食化合物，具有自由基清除和抗氧化特性。芝麻酚因其抗氧化和細胞保護特性，對高脂血症、抗高血壓和脂質過氧化有效。我們之前的研究發現，芝麻酚具有強大的抗血小板活性，藉由活化環狀單磷酸腺苷（cAMP）-磷酸化內皮型一氧化氮合成酶（eNOS）/一氧化氮（NO）-環磷酸鳥苷cGMP的路徑和抑制磷脂酶C（PLC）γ2，蛋白激酶C（PKC）- p38絲裂原活化蛋白激酶p38 MAPK-血栓素A2（TxA2）的路徑。另外我們的研究還發現，這種化合物具有抑制核因子活化B細胞κ輕鏈增強子（NF-κB）的訊號傳遞來發揮抗血小板活性。在此篇文獻回顧，我們特別研究芝麻醇是經由NF-κB/MAPK和PLC的路徑來產生抗血小板作用。

 

Antiplatelet therapy plays a crucial role in medical treatment for patients with acute coronary syndrome. Since percutaneous coronary interventions increase in number and complication, more patients must be treated with antiplatelet therapy for cardiovascular diseases in which arterial thrombosis plays a key role. Present an-tiplatelet therapy is greatly effective in preventing atherothrombotic complications. However, the increased number of patients remain to experience persistent complica-tions although being correctly treated, because of pharmacokinetics and interactions of drugs, genetic background and increased thrombus formation. Therefore, several massive research efforts have taken to offer new antiplatelet drugs with better defen-sive properties without any bleeding risk. Sesamol, a dietary compound derived from sesame lignans, has free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Sesamol is effective for hyperlipidemia, antihypertension and lipid peroxidation due to its anti-oxidant and cytoprotective properties. We found that sesamol has potent antiplatelet activity via activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)- endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/ nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP pathway and inhibition of phospho-lipase C (PLC)γ2, protein kinase C (PKC) -p38 MAPK-thromboxane A2 (TxA2). Our another study also found that this compound inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling events to exert its antiplatelet activity. In this review, we summarize the sesamol’s antiplatelet effect through NF-κB/MAPK and PLC signaling pathways.

 
公共管理
Authors: 丘昌泰 丘昌泰
Published: March 2022

本書捨棄冗長、冷門的學理論述，並加入許多新題材，以考選部公布的「命題大綱」與「歷屆考題」為藍本，重新撰述一本「小而美」的教科書。本書特別適合公務員考試類科「公共管理」或「行政學」中的相關考題。只要您認真理解書中的關鍵概念，活學活用，必可在考場中獲得滿意分數。

教學配件：教學PowerPoint、題庫

本書搭配：線上題庫
Mentoring Faculty Through a Quantitative Reasoning Professional Development Program: Why Do Faculty Participate and What Do They Get Out of It?
Authors: Wilder Esther Isabelle
Published: March 2022

Although quantitative reasoning (QR) is central to general education, many college students lack fundamental numeracy skills. In response, The City University of New York established a QR faculty development program that trained instructors across the disciplines through teaching exercises, guided discussions, hands-on activities, the development of instructional/assessment materials, and feedback from mentors and peers. Ten cohorts, 2010–2019, responded to surveys that evaluated their motives for participating and the extent to which they felt their goals were met. Faculty joined the program due to factors including their concern for students, their commitment to QR instruction, and their desire to build professional networks. Program completers reported a better understanding of QR, a greater commitment to QR instruction, increased awareness of tools and techniques (e.g., progressive pedagogies, active learning and constructivist approaches), a clearer sense of students’ needs, a commitment to assessment, and strong engagement with CUNY’s multidisciplinary, multi-institutional QR community. Overall, the perceived benefits of the program match participants’ motives for joining. Respondents’ comments suggest that faculty development for general education requires motivated participants, opportunities for networking, thoughtful discussion of readings and videos, modeling of best practices, a student-centered curriculum, sensitivity to participants’ backgrounds, adequate incentives, effective mentorship, and institutional commitment.
On Lost in Translation
Authors: Brence Steven
Published: March 2022

Several elements of the philosophical pessimism of Arthur Schopenhauer are used to explicate the critique of consumerism advanced by the 2003 film Lost in Translation. The negativity of fulfillment and the suffering involved in desire as primed by consumerism, as well as the ideological function of the phenomena of celebrity, are examined in the process.
Proving Goldbach Conjecture by Function Method
Authors: Rashid Rizwan , S. Bal S , Kaur Ajinder
Published: March 2022

Through the in-depth reading of the proposition of the Goldbach conjecture, the paper holds that the proof of the screening method is not in line with the meaning of the question, and thus puts forward the proof of the function method. In this paper, two independent linear prime functions of two variables p₁and p₂are constructed in the variable interval [1, 2m], and then two equivalent linear even functions of two variables N and 2m are logically deduced. The present study came to a consistent conclusion based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of these two equivalent even functions: in the same definitive domain (greater than 2), the equations N = 2m must be established. From this, it is deduced that 2m=p₁+p₂ surely is set up.
¿Por qué Perú? Análisis de la revocatoria del mandato en perspectiva comparada
Authors: Welp Yanina
Published: March 2022

El artículo propone y analiza cuatro hipótesis que podrían explicar por qué Perú se ha convertido en el país en que con mayor intensidad se activa la revocatoria del mandato subnacional en el mundo. Estas hipótesis refieren a cuatro aspectos: (a) la cultura política, incluyendo aquí las percepciones, actitudes y hábitos en la forma en que la ciudadanía considera el desempeño de su gobierno y se relaciona con él; (b) el diseño institucional o la influencia de la mayor o menor facilidad para activar el mecanismo, (c) los incentivos no previstos pero condicionados o creados por el diseño institucional, que en determinados contextos podrían estimular a organizaciones políticas a promover estos procesos, y (d) las garantías institucionales ofrecidas para iniciar y concretar revocatorias. Estas hipótesis se analizan comparando los países andinos.
El voto en urna electrónica: viabilidad social y simplificación de mensajes
Authors: Villanueva Mansilla Eduardo
Published: March 2022

Se presenta una revisión de la viabilidad de implementar sistemas de votación electrónica o urnas electrónicas y sus sistemas complementarios, desde una aproximación crítica de la relación de la tecnología con la sociedad. El propósito es simplificar el mensaje sobre la importancia de este cambio para a su vez simplificar la implantación del proceso en la sociedad, dado que en realidad, el voto electrónico es una extensión de capacidades ya ampliamente difundidas antes que una transformación radical de las sociedades latinoamericanas. Por ello, y eludiendo el uso de conceptos de amplio alcance como sociedad de la información, se propone entender el uso de las tic para la votación como un simple cambio de procesos.
Reconsiderando las certezas sobre la introducción de sistemas de voto electrónico
Authors: Reniu Josep María
Published: March 2022

El artículo examina la validez de las certezas existentes sobre los procesos de implantación de soluciones de voto electrónico. Para ello, primero discute cuál debe ser la correcta aproximación al uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) en el contexto político-electoral; luego realiza un somero repaso de los malentendidos más habituales sobre el voto electrónico. El cuerpo central del artículo revisa y discute aquellas certezas que, en estudios anteriores y a tenor de los desarrollos recientes, se han puesto de manifiesto en torno a la utilización de soluciones de voto electrónico.
Los vaivenes del constitucionalismo latinoamericano en las últimas décadas
Authors: García Belaunde Domingo
Published: March 2022

El autor examina los orígenes y las principales características del constitucionalismo latinoamericano en el siglo XX. En particular, se centra en el contexto de retorno a la democracia en América Latina dado desde la década de 1970. Aquí, analiza cuatro fenómenos presentes en el constitucionalismo latinoamericano: la elección presidencial inmediata y/o indefinida, la segunda elección presidencial o «segunda vuelta», los ideales integracionistas en la región y el auge y la inclusión de los derechos humanos.
Voto electrónico en Ecuador: un reto cumplido y la puerta a la automatización electoral
Authors: Villacís Carreño Nubia
Published: March 2022

En camino a la vanguardia, el Consejo Nacional Electoral del Ecuador, desde 2004, ha estado ejecutando la implementación del voto electrónico en parroquias de las distintas provincias del país. La automatización del voto se realizó de manera paulatina, analizando la percepción del electorado y utilizando sistemas electrónicos de países mediante convenios de cooperación. El gran reto para Ecuador llegó en las elecciones seccionales de febrero de 2014, en las que se implementó en dos provincias: Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas y Azuay, utilizando en ambas tecnologías diferentes. El proceso fue exitoso. Todo el proceso de votación, escrutinio, transmisión y totalización de resultados se llevó a cabo con rapidez, fluidez y transparencia. Con tal éxito, los ecuatorianos se proyectan al futuro para lograr unas elecciones completamente automatizadas, utilizando tecnología adaptada a la realidad del electorado del país.
Los efectos del liderazgo en el comportamiento electoral en las elecciones de 2011 en España. La influencia de los atributos
Authors: Crespo Martínez Ismael , Mora Rodríguez Alberto
Published: March 2022

Es creciente el número de investigaciones dedicadas a desgranar el papel que desempeñan los líderes políticos en las democracias parlamentarias y los efectos que estos producen sobre el comportamiento electoral. Sin embargo, una vez contrastada reiteradamente esa influencia, resulta de interés comprender cómo se construye dicho liderazgo político. En este trabajo se aborda esta cuestión, tratando de determinar qué atributos, grupos de atributos y dimensiones del liderazgo influyen más en el comportamiento electoral de los españoles y en la construcción de ese liderazgo político, para el caso de las elecciones generales del año 2011. Para ello, se pondrán a prueba diversas ecuaciones a partir de la técnica de regresión logística.
Infertility rate and relationship between infertility status and microbial infections among women in Baquba City
Authors: Salman Sawsan Talib , Khalaf Shahad Khudhair , Hussain Areej Atiya
Published: March 2022

Backgrounds:  Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after twelve months of normal and unprotected sexual intercourse, It is estimated that between 8% -12% of couples of childbearing age in the world are impacted and a variety of factors have a role, including microbial infections. Objectives:  To determine the infertility rate and relation with microbial agents among women in Baquba city. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 308 women who were admitted to outpatient in Al-Batool Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children in Baqubah City, Diyala. Iraq during the period from January till December 2018. Urine and vaginal swabs were taken from 70 infertile women aged between 18-48 years, clinical diagnosis was done as well as laboratory through examining different microbial agents. Results: The infertility rate among women in Baquba city was 22.7%, primary infertility constitute 69.60% while secondary infertility was 30.40%. A high percentage of 65.7% were with microbial infections while 34.3% were without infection.
Editorial
Authors: Grenni Héctor
Published: March 2022

Editorial No. 39, julio-diciembre 2021