bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIV Screening During the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic in a Respiratory-Emergencies Unit from a Single-Hospital in Mexico
Authors:   Infectious Diseases and Epidemiological Surveillance Unit, Regional High Speciality Hospital of the Yucatan Peninsula, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, Torres-Erazo Darwin S , Nuñez-Caamal Nelda J ,   Internal Medicine Department, Regional High Speciality Hospital of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 has affected million people around the world with Mexico being one of the most affected countries. This pandemic has impacted the continuum of care for people living with HIV so it was decided to know the frequency and usefulness of performing rapid HIV tests during COVID-19 pandemic.
Health Status and Predictors of Hypertension, Blood Pressure, and Pulse Rate of Jamaicans During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Northern Caribbean University, Manchester Road, Mandeville, Manchester, Jamaica, WI, Bourne Paul Andrew , M.S. Peterkin Vincent ,   Northern Caribbean University, Manchester Road, Mandeville, Manchester, Jamaica, WI
Published: November 2021

The objectives of the current research are to examine Jamaicans’ health status, pulse rate, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, and factors influencing 1) hypertension, 2) blood pressure, and 3) pulse rate, during COVID-19. A cross-sectional survey using associational research design by way of convenience sampling was used to conduct this research. This study examined correlation of age, gender, BMI, hypertension, and blood pressure among Jamaicans age ranging from 15 to 85 and above. Cross–sectional study and associational research design were used to collect data for the period of June to August 2020. The study demonstrated that hypertension is significantly predicted by gender, age, and pulse rate one─Omnibus tests of model (χ2(4) =138.947, P < 0.0001, -2Ll=2098.67) and Wald statistic being 90.161, P < 0.0001, and the variance in model 10.8% (Nagelkerke R2). Furthermore, ordinary least square (OLS) regression can be used to model pulse rate (bpm) for Jamaicans (F [4, 1676] =17.236, P < 0.0001), with the model explaining 4.0% of the variance in pulse rate of Jamaicans. Gender, BMI and Hypertensive emerged as the factors that determine the pulse rate of Jamaicans. Diastolic & systolic blood pressure were determined by age, weight, and pulse rate, with age being the most significant predictor. The risk of hypertension was higher among population groups who were overweight and obese. Gender was found to correlate with blood pressure and hypertension; female participants were more likely to be hypertensive than the male participants. BMI measurement should be recommended as a simple and effective predictor of hypertension in public health strategies. There is empirical evidence that can be used to establish that Jamaicans health status has worsen since March 10, 2020, and that Covid-19 has brought with it unhealthy lifestyle practices, which are pending public health challenges come 2021 and beyond.
Low/High-risk Earmolds: New Technologies and their Application from 2019 to the Present
Authors:   Audiologist, Audiocenter Sevill, Spain, A Barbero
Published: November 2021

Until 2019, hearing aid molds were made with silicones that copied the shape of the ear, creating a positive and a negative mold to reproduce the shape and volume in cubic centimeters of the ear. This system had the disadvantage of lack of precision. Due to the pressure of the silicones during their placement in the ear, the soft tissues are deformed. This is especially important when the deafness is severe or profound. Because a very high sound power is required and sound leakage occurs. That leaking sound is feedback into the hearing aid microphone and generates a “Larsen effect.” Patients describe this sound feedback as very high-pitched beeps from the hearing aid that can be heard by family and others close to them. During the time that the hearing aid is whistling, the user loses information and hearing, as well as being annoying for the family. In the case of high-powered hearing aids, it is difficult to balance the sound leakage that generates the “Larsen effect” and the excessive pressure that forms the canal. Also bear in mind that the user of this type of hearing aid uses it all day, so a little discomfort translates into anguish and nervousness. This is not an easy task for the audiologist, nor for the laboratory technician making ear molds. They are known by the technicians as “High Risk Feedback Molds”. Recently, 3D laser light measurement has been used for measurements. By not having contact with the skin, this new technique allows the tissues not to deform. And it gives us a view from inside the ear (and this is another novelty) because they are done by means of a small probe that acts as a laser beam that we introduce into the ear canal itself.
Affordance-Based Assessment Cuts Across The Dichotomy Of Subjective-Objective Outcome Measure At The Knee Joint
Authors:   Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Ingenieria y Tecnologia – UTEC, Lima, Perú, Kim Wangdo
Published: November 2021

There is increasing awareness of the need to include patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments in evaluating the measurement of clinical outcomes, with an increasing focus placed on the patients’ perspective. Scientists have tried to link PROs with objective outcomes, providing unique information for managing patient care. Traditionally, objective and patient-reported outcomes (such as the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)) are considered two distinct constructs, which cannot serve as a direct proxy for each other. Can Gibson´s affordance theory specify more about objective outcome measurements vs. subjective outcomes measurement and unify them? The present article develops a theoretical framework called entrainment of touch and posture that advocates the vis viva (living force) as the proper gauge for the dynamical action of a force, and that could explain “possibilities for action or affordance” during outcome measurement. We found that active touch and posture refer to what is ordinarily called touchingvariations in skin stimulation caused by surfaces are altered together by motor activity variations. This affordance of “walk-on-able” is worth noting because it is often neglected that locomotion and its surfaces form an inseparable pair. The assessment process can be viewed in terms of action possibilities provided by the active sets of organs residing that can obtain and utilize information about the tissue environments in which the grafts are to be located.
Fever Can Be A Symptom of Many Diseases
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Republic of Croatia, Franjić Siniša
Published: November 2021

Fever is a condition of elevated temperature in the human body above normal levels. It is caused by the stimulation of the thermoregulatory center in the brain, and represents the body’s defensive reaction to the cause of the disease. The symptoms associated with fever may be: rapid heartbeat, rapid breathing, dry skin, changes in the composition of urine, and in severe forms of fever may occur auditory or visual hallucinations. Fever is not a disease, but it is a symptom of the disease. It usually is an infection that is often harmless and goes away on its own.
Recurrent Transient Ischemic Attack Followed By Stroke Due To Stretched Patent Foramen Ovale – A Rare Entity
Authors:   Senior Consultant and Head, Department of Preventive and Non invasive Cardiology, Jaipur Heart Institute, Jaipur, Garg Ashok , Agrawal Deepak ,   Consultant Cardiology, Jaipur Heart Institute, Jaipur
Published: November 2021

A Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) is not a true deficiency of atrial septal tissue but rather a potential space or separation between the septum primum and septum secundum located in the anterosuperior portion of the atrial septum. It is not considered a true Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), because no structural deficiency of the atrial septal tissue is present. We are describing a unique case of recurrent transient attacks followed by stroke associated with finding of a large stretched PFO on echocardiography.
Covid-19, Abortion and Disclosure
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Malta, Buttigieg George Gregory , Micallef-Stafrace Kirill ,   Consultant Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Sports Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital Malta Senior Lecturer, University of Malta
Published: November 2021

The multi-faceted effects of the Covid-19 pandemic are as yet impossible to evaluate in their entirety on all human aspects be they socio-anthropological, financial, communicative, medical, etc. Here we cone our attention to one medical aspect related to medical abortion and which has opened up a medico-legal minefield. We refer here to the hazardous new “do it yourself abortion” often at home, with no direct and personal medical disclosure, guidance and assistance.
Rudolf Virchow: Requiem for a Visionary
Authors:   Médico y cirujano, Universidad de Antioquia. Especialista en Medicina Interna, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Médico internista, SURA EPS e IPS Universitaria – Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia, Rondón-Carvajal Julián , Ruiz-Zuluaga Juan Miguel ,   Médico y cirujano, Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
Published: November 2021

Rudolf Virchow’s scientific legacy to mankind is invaluable. His holistic view of disease allowed him to develop detailed experimental models based on the precepts of cell biology, which is why he is considered the forerunner of modern pathology. Many of his observations were transferred to the clinical setting and are still valid today in different areas of internal medicine. This biographical sketch highlights his main contributions to modern medical practice on the basis of his profound social sensitivity, including the founding of the first German anthropological society.
Eco- Friendly Method for the Estimation of Warfarin Sodium in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Environmental Wastewater Samples
Authors:   College of Environmental, University of Mosul-Iraq, Ahmed Nief Rahman
Published: November 2021

A simple, precise, accurate, rapid, economical and sensitive ultraviolet spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of warfarin sodium in pharmaceutical preparations and environmental wastewater samples, which shows maximum absorbance at 310 nm in distilled water. Beer’s law was obeyed in the range of 2-30μg/ ml ,with molar absorptivity of 1.1 ×104 L.mol-1.cm-1 , relative standard deviation of the method was less than 1.8%, and accuracy (average recovery %) was 100 ± 1.0 . The method was successfully applied to the determination of warfarin sodium in some pharmaceutical formulations (Tablets) and industrial wastewater samples. The proposed method was validated by sensitivity and precision which proves suitability for the routine analysis of warfarin sodium in true samples.
Covid-19 Vaccines and their Interchangeability Could be Effective in Developing Countries Like India to Generate Stronger Adaptive Immune Response in Large Population
Authors:   Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, Ali Saif
Published: November 2021

Vaccine considered as a boon for every individual across the world in the time of pandemic situation. India has developed its own vaccine which shows promising results. Receiving vaccine does not mean that we are completely immune to the disease. Covishield shows some rare but adverse side effects of blood clots in those people having thrombocytopenia. Covaxin has not recorded any such cases as it is of inactivated type. But, the manufacturers of the vaccine have not established the longevity of protection against COVID-19. Unavailability of vaccines in India could pose a serious impact on the lives of the people. Government of India and Medical authorities should take clinical trials and make decision on interchangeability of vaccines as soon as possible.
Fatal Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in a young adult following a recent mild Covid-19
Authors:   Department of Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry- 605006, India, Gopalakrishnan Mahathi
Published: November 2021

Corona virus disease (COVID19) has been evolving with different spectrum of illness over time. Recently, Multi system Inflammatory syndrome (MIS), a hyper inflammatory immune response has been observed after recovery from COVID, and is described in children. Here we present a young adult with Multi system inflammatory syndrome post an asymptomatic COVID infection with a rapidly worsening clinical course. Shock, gastrointestinal symptoms are described in most adults with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-A), while respiratory involvement is minimal, whereas the patient we are reporting here had severe respiratory involvement and fulminant course. As the case reports of MIS-A is being reported majority of cases are not diagnosed in time. Increased awareness about this condition is essential, as timely immunomodulatory therapy is therapeutically life saving
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Based Therapies: Fish Facts and Stories
Authors:   Internal Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, Kuchkuntla Aravind Reddy , Patllola Sri Harsha ,   Research Fellow Cardiothoracic surgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester
Published: November 2021

The significant hypo-lipidemic, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory features of EPA created extensive interest in preventive cardiology from the early 90s, since then several clinical studies were conducted to study the mechanisms and benefits of fish oil use. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are essential FAs therefore, they must be provided in diet or in the form of supplements. The supplements are low dose combinations of EPA and DHA have no significant benefits in terms of CVD prevention in clinical trials. However, a high dose Ethyl ester formulation of EPA has shown a 25% reduction of major adverse coronary events in the secondary prevention. Cardio-protective potential of EPA is attributed to its triglyceride lowering effect, reduction in inflammatory markers, improving coronary plaque stability, anti-platelet effect and improvements of over-all metabolic profile. We intend to provide preventive and therapeutic potentials of EPA in CVD, mechanisms of cardio protection, available evidence and future trails.
Sickle - Cell Disease
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India, Phadnis Shriya
Published: November 2021

Sickle cell disease is a common inherited, multisystem, monogenic disorder of red blood cells (erythrocytes) caused due to polymorphic changes in hemoglobin. The most commonly known condition; Sickle cell anemia wherein there aren’t enough healthy RBCs to carry adequate oxygen throughout the body is considered to be a common form if Sickle-cell disease. Other type of Sickle cell disease is Hemoglobin SC disease (HbSC) caused due to inheritance of beta s and beta c alleles. The third type of such disease is HbS thalassemia caused due to beta-thalassemia mutation in the beta-globin gene leading to Sickle hemoglobin (HbS). Polymerization of HbS due to presence of fetal hemoglobin in the erythrocytes that in turn reduces the concentration of HbS which becomes the prominent determinant to check the severity of the disease. Reduced concentrations of HbS also reduce hemolysis that prevents acute vaso- occlusion. This pain is caused as the irregular shaped RBCs and WBCs get entrapped in the small blood vessels causing vascular obstruction and tissue ischemia. HbS polymerization can also lead to hemolytic anemia which is a state where in rate of RBC destruction is faster than formation; such patients are likely to develop vasculopathy. During the process of hemolysis, hemoglobin is released into plasma that inhibits endothelial nitric oxide signaling causing endothelial cell dysfunction. Hemolysis is also associated with formation of erythrocyte microvesicles that acts as a activator of tissue factor. Malaria is considered to cause HbS. Sickle cell disease is found to be highest in the African continent mostly affecting the new borns. The cause of deaths is hug in Africa due to poor diagnostic facilities. Measures taken against H influenzae and S pneumoniae that is profoundly detected in African children with Sickle cell disease can help reduce the disease proximity. Implementation of early life screening can thereby be effective in this case.
Gene Therapy Shows Promise Against Sickle – Cell Disease
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India, Phadnis Shriya
Published: November 2021

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder which is characterized by presence of abnormal hemoglobin (HbS) allele along with a second allele that can cause polymerization of such abnormal molecule. The state arises due to a genetic mutation that distorts red blood cells into sickle shaped. Sickle cells block red blood cells from passing through the blood vessels and prevent the supply of oxygen that results into severe complications like anemia, hypertension and organ failure
How to Decrease the Cost of Healthcare
Authors:   Research &Technology Consulting, Yanushevsky Rafael
Published: November 2021

Healthcare is among the most important issues for Americans since the U.S. healthcase system is the most expensive in the world. Public spending, including governmental spending, social health insurance, and compulsory private insurance constitutes the largest source of healthcare spending. By analyzing the reasons of high healthcare costs the paper contributes to the ongoing policy debates how to improve the current healthcare system
Incidence of Dengue Infection among Febrile Patients in Port Sudan
Authors:   Red Sea University – Faculty of Medicine, Port Sudan,Sudan, Aziz Ahmed AreegSalih Abdel , Mohammeddeen Ahmed Tahani Bashir ,   Red Sea University – Faculty of Medicine, Port Sudan,Sudan
Published: November 2021

Objective: Aiming to detect dengue virus antibodies in clinically suspicious patients’ serum, contributing to clinical and laboratory advancements in dengue infection management, exploring the association between a clinico-laboratory makeup and Dengue fever, and enhancing the capacity to anticipate, diagnose, and respond to dengue infection. Methods: At Port Sudan 2015, a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was implemented. Six tertiary care hospitals in Port Sudan were included in the report. Patients who attended assigned hospitals with a suspected dengue infection were investigated. Individuals who are at least 9 months old, residency in study area for at least 7 days, pyrexia with unspecified cause for 2-7 days, thrombocytopenia in malaria negative blood film, as well as ages of 9 months and older considerably involved. Gender, age, residency, and clinical symptoms were used as independent variables while dengue patients posing as the dependent variable. Sample size approximation was created based on previous African community studies. To target respondents, a randomized cluster model was used. Information was gathered through direct interview, as well as questionnaire after signed a consent form. 5ml of venous blood withdraw by a professional nurse from each respondent, then examined for hematological indicators of dengue fever using Sysmex XP-300 Automated Hematology Analyzerand dengue specific IgM antibodies using Panbio® Dengue IgM Capture ELISA. Entering data and analysis of the volunteers’ characteristics, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) version 20 was used. Incredibly simple descriptive statistics were used to analyze the laboratory results of the Dengue indicators as well as risk factors. Results: The study involved 83 cases out of 110 that were tested by ELISA at different hospitals in Port Sudan and determined to be diagnosed with the dengue virus.The incidence rate among febrile patients was 75% (68 cases), with DF documented in 80 cases (96%) and DHF in three scenarios (4%). higher prevalence within the (21-30) age category 50/110. (45%).High occurrence rate during July (63 cases) (57%). Fever was the most noticeable clinical feature 79/83(95%, more evident hematological indicators included thrombocytopenia and leucopenia (88%) 97 out of 110 (71%) 78/110 in each event. Most of study subjects were unaware regarding risk factors with exception of transmission mode. Conclusions: Study reported high incidence among suspected febrile participants. Most of patients presented as DF, with greater occurrence among reproductive age group and during July.Thrombocytopenia and leucopenia were more prominent clinical manifestations.With the exception of the mode of transmission, the majority of study respondents were unaware of the risk factors.
The Effects of Facial Exercise on Mental Health, Facial Expression and EEG in Community-Dwelling Older People
Authors:   Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences University of TSUKUBA Tokyo, Japan, OKAMOTO Rumiko , TANAKA Mieko ,   Brain Functions Laboratory, Inc., Tokyo, Japan, MIZUKAMI Katsuyoshi ,   Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences University of TSUKUBA Tokyo, Japan
Published: November 2021

Although it is well documented that exercising is good for the mental health and cognitive function as well as the physical condition in elderly people, exercising is difficult in elderly individuals with a low motor function. To develop an exercise program targeting elderly individuals unsuited for whole-body exercises, we assessed the effects of facial exercises on the mental health and mood in healthy elderly people. Community-dwelling older adults (N = 75, age range = 65-87 yrs) were randomly divided into a facial exercises group and a wait-listed control group. A facial exercises program of 30 min was given twice a week for 12 weeks. This program consisted of rhythmic facial movement, muscle stretching, facial yoga, and Tanden breathing. The GHQ-12 for mental health were administered to both groups before and after the 12-week study period. In addition, facial expression and EEG were measured. Fifty-three participants completed the protocol. In the intervention group, the GHQ-12, facial expression, and α wave in frontal lobe improved post-intervention. These results suggest that facial exercises are effective in improving the mental health, facial expression, α wave in frontal lobe of elderly people, and that exercises may be useful as a therapeutic modality in this population.
“Impact on Family Planning Services in Primary Healthcare Facilities in Rural Sindh – Secondary Data Analysis of Pre- and on-going COVID-19 Crisis Period”
Authors:   PPHI Sindh Head Office, C27/1, Clifton Block 2, Karachi, Baig Nelofer , H Nizamani Altaf ,   PPHI Sindh Head Office, C27/1, Clifton Block 2, Karachi
Published: November 2021

The current COVID-19 pandemic has devastated the improvements in family planning services during the past years. This study assessed the impact of the global pandemic that compromised the provision of family planning services in primary healthcare facilities in Sindh – Pakistan. A retrospective data from District Health Information System (DHIS) before Covid-19 (January – February 2020) and during Covid-19 (March – June 2020) was extracted on the provision of family planning services in primary healthcare facilities in Sindh. The study was conducted to understand the impact of service provision through time-series trend analysis by comparing two health facilities i.e., BHUs and BHU plus facilities on monthly average visits (Jan-Feb average) and differences in percentage change over time on the uptake of short and long-acting family planning methods. The findings suggested that due to lockdown and restrictive mobility, the family planning services have fallen drastically in terms of clients visit the health facility from the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak in the month of March 2020 and remain stagnant till June 2020 as compare to before COVID-19 period. The overall analysis revealed the largest decay in the uptake of family planning methods specifically, pills with 31% and 26% during April 2020 in BHU and BHU plus facilities. On the contrary, uptake of Implants showed 25% and 23% decline in the month of June and May in BHU and BHU plus facilities respectively, compared to the average percentage of the pre-COVID Period. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the provision of family planning services and steeply decreased the uptake of Pills and Implants in primary healthcare facilities in Sindh. On the contrary, the disruption and decrease in services have provided an opportunity to undertake further research exploration to develop future strategies and policies to combat health challenging situations in such pandemics.
Is Suicidality Increased in Covid-19 Pandemic? A Scoping Review and Quality Assessment
Authors:   School of Medicine from Juazeiro do Norte – FMJ/Estacio, Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil, Correia da Silva Kimberly Virginin Cruz
Published: November 2021

Background: There are emerging concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic may specifically increase suicide. Methods: Scoping Review in the MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Science Direct databases and in the medRxiv, bioRxiv and PsyArXiv preprint servers, using the descriptors “Covid-19”, “coronavirus infection”, “coronavirus”, “2019-nCoV”, “2019 new coronavirus disease”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “Suicide”, “General Public” and “Mental Health”. Results: A total of 62 studies were included in this review, where 10 studies were reported to have been conducted between March and May 2021; 39 in 2020; 4 in 2019; 3 in 2018; 1 in 2015; 2 in 2014; 2 in 2010 and 1 in 2004, all were conducted via online platforms. Limitations: We have interpreted our study findings in the context of the overall significant risk of exposure to suicide in our study population, while recognizing that individual level data of exposure to COVID-19 is a significant confounding variable. Conclusions: Being one of the first reviews in this context, the findings are anticipated to be helpful to predict the possible solutions for reducing the number of suicides in and facilitate further studies on strategies of how to alleviate such a stressful situation in COVID-19.
A Multiple Sclerosis Mimiker with Good Recovery following Specific Therapy: Susac Syndrome
Authors:   Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy, Valentina Torri Clerici , Stefania Bianchi-Marzoli ,   Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS. Neuro-ophthalmology Center – Scientific Institute Capitanio Hospital. Milano, Italy
Published: November 2021

Susac Syndrome (SuS) is a rare disease, characterized by an autoimmune endothelopathy, that involves brain, retina and inner ear. We describe a case of a young woman affected by inner ear-predominant SuS, initially suspected for demyelinating disease, with delayed diagnosis and irreversible hearing ischemic damage, but good prognosis, treated according to current recommendations
Acute Retinal Necrosis - Current Perspectives
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Mahavir Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India, MS Priyanka , Dube Mihika ,   RKDF Medical College & Research center, Bhopal, India
Published: November 2021

Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is a rare infectious viral uveitis syndrome that may result in visually devastating consequences if not diagnosed and treated timely. The most common etiology involved is varicella zoster virus followed by herpes simplex virus. Over past several decades, initial treatment regimens have shifted from intravenous antivirals requiring hospital admission to oral antivirals with intravitreal antivirals for immediate local control. The true incidence of ARN is not known. Polymerase chain reaction testing from aqueous sample provides a rapid and sensitive method of identifying the viral etiology but one should not delay treatment while awaiting PCR results. Due to its rarity and lack of large-scale prospective research trials, still debate continues over recommended practice guidelines for an ideal treatment protocol. Further studies are needed to refine disease protocols and improve outcomes for this challenging infectious disease.
Intraocular Foreign Body Masquerading as Uveitis (A Case Report)
Authors:   Reiyukai Eiko Masunaga Eye Hospital, Banepa, Kavre, Nepal, Shrestha Ruchi , Shah Ritesh Kumar ,   Mechi Netralaya, Kakarvitta, Jhapa, Nepal
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Intraocular foreign body is a kind of ocular emergency. Longer the foreign body stays in the eye, the greater damage they make. Here we report a case of intraocular foreign body which was treated as a case of intermediate uveitis for one and half years with oral and topical steroids.
Mucor Mycosis Maiming COVID-19 Recovered Patients in India?
Authors:   Public Health Consultant Bengaluru and Visiting Professor- MPH. KSRDPRU Gadag, Karnataka, India, Suresh K
Published: November 2021

The year 2021 will go in the history of Indian Ophthalmology as the year of fungal infections among Covid 19 recovered patients as a leading cause of vision or eye loss and facial disfigurement due to post -Covid 19 Fungi- mucor mycosis infections. First published article of mucor mycosis (MM) leading to loss of eye and disfigurement of the face was traced to 1970 in USA. First media report in India came from Ganga Ram Hospital in Delhi, that treated 12 cases of COVID triggered deadly Mucor mycosis fungus cases. Eye & ENT surgeon had to do resection and fungus debridement in 10 cases in one fortnight in December 2020 of which half lost one eye permanently. Mucor mycosis (MM) is an aggressive opportunistic fungal infection, affecting any parts of the body, but rhino-cerebral-orbital type is the commonest leading to blindness and facial disfiguration. Doctors at Bowring and Lady Curzon Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru which has treated more than 140 patients with mucor mycosis, after cell culture tests have confirmed in 95% of the cases the presence of Mucor mycosis, and remaining MM, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Since Mid-April 2021 India has reported about 31,000 MM cases as on 12 June 2021. It is fared that nearly 50% of them have lost at least one eye and some both. Five states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh contribute nearly two thirds of the cases and deaths. The latest report of 1700 hrs on 13 June 2021, from Maharashtra puts the total cases at 7395, deaths at 720, 2212 cured and 4463 still under treatment. This state has seen threefold increase in the MM cases reported in just 3 weeks’ time between 25th May and 13 June 2021. Among those recovered one has witnessed lot of facial disfigurement, due to the damages to eyes, nose, jaw bones and oral cavity. Some of them who can afford go in for multiple plastic surgeries costing anywhere between INR 2.5 to 15 million. Traditionally mucor mycosis treatment must start without waiting for laboratory confirmation, but recently a new diagnostic tool with the capability for confirming infection in 24-48 hours is being promoted and is likely to help minimise the damage at least among those who can afford. In this review I have collated and presenting epidemiology, Pathophysiology, available diagnostic support, and treatment of MM infections affecting eyes, nose and disfigurement of face and possible reconstructive surgeries from various sources.
Autoregression of Neovascularization of the Disc (NVD) and Neovascularization Elsewhere in the Retina (NVE) in Type I Diabetic Patient
Authors:   medical retina consultant, Dhahran Eye Specialist Hospital, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, Almubarak Mahdi
Published: November 2021

Spontaneous resolution of NVD or NVE is very rare, to the best of our knowledge, only five cases reported in the literatures. In this paper we reported a case of spontaneous regression of NVD and NVE in fundus of type one young diabetic female patient with history of bariatric surgery 1 year prior to presentation. Patient was followed up for 2 years with stable clinical course and without developing any further DR and without receiving any treatment. we assumed that this autoregression of neovascularization could be related to her blood sugar control secondary to bariatric surgery. We noticed also all the previous reported five cases were young ages (31, 46, 27,26 and 19). This suggest the possibility of difference in the pathogenesis of proliferative retinopathy between type 1 and type II. Further studies are needed.
Importance from the Postgraduate Upping in Financial Administration Subjects for Health Educational Managers
Authors:   University of Medical Science of Havana Faculty of Medical Science “10 de Octubre, Hernández Fé Fernández , Sánchez González Efraín ,   University of Medical Science of Havana Faculty of Medical Science “10 de Octubre
Published: November 2021

Background: The real available from economic resources determines the capacity from the Public Health and the Education to support their demanded services. In that way the postgraduate upping is very important and health educational managers continue needing a sufficient upping in financial management in rational terms across the taking decisions process since the Health Economy. Objective: To describe the importance from the postgraduate upping in financial administration subjects for health educational managers. Materials and methods: Were utilized the inductive – deductive and the comparative as theorical methods. As empiric method was utilized the bibliographic research. Results: Health educational managers are taking economic decisions constantly. The postgraduate forming in results optimization terms´ across the taking decision process must provide to health educational managers the strategies and methodologies scientifically supported for the best management process. Conclusions: Best use from the health educational institutions budget´s is a main necessity for respective managers. The role from the postgraduate education in this context is very important for the complementary upping for health educational managers
The Consequential Increase of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse During Covid- Its Causes and Implications
Authors:   M.S. in Psychology Student/Researcher, Walden University, USA, Basu Oyindrila
Published: November 2021

Covid-19 is not just a virus which is risking human lives everyday, but it is a phenomenon which has inflicted major changes on the long-term global survival and economic strategies. The pandemic has brought about major diversions in the world order, which philosophers and scientists have predicted to occur once in a century’s time. Covid-19 has also affected the personal health, physical and psychological of all human beings. It has forced people to change their social behaviors significantly, which has had consequential effect on their mental health. One significant result of the pandemic is the increased consumption of alcohol and other psychoactive substances among people. As people are forced to lock themselves up inside their homes, some have resorted to exercising, biking, running, and meditation to maintain sanity, while others have boosted their addictive behavior by consuming more alcohol and drugs to make staying-indoors more entertaining. Nielsen has reported a 54% rise in the national consumption of alcohol on the week of March 21st 2020, as compared to the same in 2019. The online sales of alcohol have also risen enormously from 2019 to 2020. The study aims to address the problem of increased alcoholism and substance abuse during Covid-19 by understanding the causes of this rise. The method is based on analysis and comparison of available survey reports, to find out exactly what amount of human consumption has increased during the pandemic. From the findings we can conclude that alcoholism and substance abuse has risen significantly during Covid-19, and psychological distress, anxiety and depression can be some major causes for this abnormal social behavior. It can also be implied that this increased alcoholism is likely to affect the physical health, neural and social behavior, and the work life of many human beings through the pandemic.
Effect of Matrix Rhythm Therapy Along With Conventional Physiotherapy Management in Quadriplegic Patient: A Case Study
Authors:   Senior Neuro Physiotherapist Certified Matrix Therapy Practitioner Germany Associate Academic Director at London Academy of Sports and Science UK, Mohammad Waris Syed
Published: November 2021

A 26-year old Yemeni girl with a gunshot injury with cervical spine fracture at C6-C7 Level injury in June 2018 with complete loss of sensation in all the limbs, motor loss below C3 level with loss of saddle sensation and anal tone. The patient sustained spinal cord injury at C6-7 levels and edema extending upto C3 level, resulting in quadriplesgia.She was airlifted in medevac from yemen to Sultan Qaboos Hospital Salalah Oman in 28th June 2018.The patient underwent extensive Neuro surgical procedures for cervical fracture and spinal decompression.Additionally, the patient received education and counseling, nursing and nutritional intervention, and comprehensive physical therapy treatment including Matrix Rhythm therapy and other conventional Physiotherapy management.We conclude that Physiotherapy management with other medical disciplines are crucial in recovary of the patient and to improve quality of life.
Tile Type C Pelvic Fractures: Initial Management, Surgery and Rehabilitation Results of 12 Cases with Literature Review
Authors:   Department of Osteoarticular Surgery B4, HASSAN II Teaching Hospital, Fes, Morocco, ABID Hatim , EL IDRISSI Mohammed ,   Department of Osteoarticular Surgery B4, HASSAN II Teaching Hospital, Fes, Morocco
Published: November 2021

We report the results of 12 patients followed for Tile type C pelvic fractures treated with percutaneous sacroiliac screwing combined to anterior ring reduction and fixation provided by plate or external fixator during the last 4 years. this study was carried out in the light of literature review to focus on the therapeutic principles of the initial management, the different surgical techniques described for the definitive treatment of bone lesions, the current attitude regarding the rehabilitation of patients and the perspectives under development.
Effect of Combined Neural Mobilization and Intermittent Traction in Patients with Cervical Radiculopathy
Authors:   Consultant Physiotherapist, Mobilite Stroke Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy centre, SAS Nagar, Dhuriya Abhilash
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Cervical radiculopathy is one of the common musculoskeletal condition affecting a wide range of population from people involves in desk job to small scale jobs, from a young student to old age population. So it has been of great importance to find out evidence based effective treatment of cervical radiculopathy along with conventional treatment. This study is designed to find out the combined effect of neural mobilization and intermittent traction on cervical radiculopathy Materials and methods: 30 patients were included in the study and randomly divided into two equal groups. In group A conventional physiotherapy treatment was given along with neural mobilization and in group B only conventional physiotherapy which include intermittent traction and isometric neck exercises treatment was given.NDI (Neck disability index) and VAS (Visual analogue scale) assessment was done on 2nd, 14th and 28th day of treatment. Results: There was improvement in symptoms in both the group but was more in group A. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that patients experiencing cervical radiculopathy can improve much earlier and more effectively after neural mobilization technique and therefore provides support to include this technique in conservative management methods of treating patients with cervical radiculopathy for better results.
Future Perspectives on Hearing Aid Self-Adjustment
Authors:   Master of the Department of Phonoaudiology, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, SMB Latt , AR Barbero ,   Coordinator of Audiology at Audiocenter Sevilla Seville, Spain
Published: November 2021

The complexity required for the auditory rehabilitation of patients leads us through a complex study of the user’s needs, an analysis of the diagnostic tests and a long process of results validation. This arduous process involves aspects related to audition, but also involves cognitive factors, which are left in the hands of the professional audiologist, who will be in charge of ensuring that his patient “recovers” his hearing functions and his way of life as well as possible. But we must never lose sight of the fact that the entire rehabilitation process only begins when the audiologist detects the hearing loss. In addition, many people with hearing loss have other comorbidities associated with hearing loss. However, in recent times the “self-adjustment” of hearing aids is moving towards “automatic” systems. Undoubtedly, the latest technological advances are a great help, but they are not yet able to fully reach the subjectivity of hearing. Because of this, although self-adjustment will not be a reality for all users, it can represent a first contact with auditory amplification and rehabilitation, and that can be a mechanism to push the patient to get specialized help from a professional audiologist. Self-adjusting devices have proliferated since the United States recently authorized the sale of hearing aids as PSAPs and OTC, with new, more direct sales channels, impacting professionals and manufacturers. The decisive aspect here is whether practitioners and manufacturers will be able to adapt to the new market forms, while their patients are trying to manage these innovations. The conclusion we draw from this article is: We need to adapt, adapt and understand each other’s role in this process.
Strokes and Covid- 19
Authors:   Consultant Neurologist, Fortis Hospital, Mumbai, India, Benny Rajesh , V Shetty Kishore ,   Consultant Neurologist, Karuna Hospital, Mumbai, India
Published: November 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic due to infection by the SARS- CoV- 2 virus started primarily as a respiratory illness. However as the pandemic has evolved since January 2020, it has brought to the fore varied presentations. Though uncommon, COVID- 19 associated stroke is now well known. Most are ischemic strokes;
Hip Forgotting After Hip Prosthesis in Cotonou
Authors:   Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic of CNHU-HKM/ Cotonou, Hountondji Etienne Alagnide , Pascal Chigblo ,   Traumatological and Orthopaedic Clinic of CNHU-HKM/ Cotonou
Published: November 2021

After a hip prosthesis, an increasingly targeted goal is hip forgetfulness. What about this result in Benin. Objective: To study hip forgetting after hip prosthesis in Benin. Methods: Prospective study with a descriptive and analytical aim carried out from February to October 2019. It focused on patients with prosthesis of a single hip for at least 3 months in hospitals in Cotonou and surroundings, without comprehension disorders or other pathologies causing locomotor system disability and who consented to participate in the study. The “Forgotten Joint Score -12” (FJS-12) and the “Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score” (HOOS) were the tools to assess, respectively, the forgetfulness and functionality of the prosthetic hip of patients. Results: The mean age of patients was 52.90 ± 16.76 years. The sex ratio was 1.31. These were mainly cases of PTH (88.64%), first-line (86.36%). Only one patient between four had actually forgotten his hip. The latter was significantly associated mainly with the parameters of functional capacities of the hip. Conclusion: Hip forgetting still remains a major challenge in hip replacement patients in Benin. The role of functional rehabilitation in achieving this goal is legitimate, showing the need to collaborate between specialties in the care of these patients.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of work Related Musculo Skeletal Disorders (wrmsd’s) Among Doctors - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Radiation Oncology, VMMC & Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi, Azariah Biju , Babu Geethu ,   Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum
Published: November 2021

Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) have not only shown to impact the physical and pschycological comfort of the employee but also deteriorate the prospects of any production or service sector. The prevalence of WRMSDs, though studied extensively in various sectors, has been understudied in health sector, especially among doctors. This study which evaluated the prevalence and risk factors of these disorders among fifty cancer treating Radiation Oncologist at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in India had exposed out an alarming 68% prevalence of these disorders in the study population, with neck pain being the commonest site of these Muscloskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Several factors which could impact the development of MSDs were analysed. This higher incidence of MSDs is presumed to be because of extreme physical and mental stress of working in a high volume cancer care centre, persistent unhealthy postures during work, inadequate micropauses between works and uncomfortable working atmosphere. Adequate physician patient ratio, restricting the patient load, providing good physician friendly working environment and adequate mandatory breaks might significantly reduce the incidence of these disorders and can prevent the sagging of health care delivery.
Covid-19 Associated Subdural Hematoma: A Case Report Intracranial Hemorrhage in the Setting of Covid-19
Authors:   Post Acute Medical Rehabilitation Hospital of Dover, Alekseyev Kirill
Published: November 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that began in December 2019 as a result of the global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We frequently associate COVID-19 with symptoms of fever, shortness of breath, and pneumonia; however, we are slowly uncovering the fact that systems other than the respiratory are being affected. We present a 60-year-old female who presented with altered mental status and was found to have COVID-19 induced subdural hematoma. Although intracranial hemorrhages are extremely rare in the setting of COVID-19, it is known that the affinity of SARS-CoV-2 to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors, in addition to the cytokine storm, predisposes infected individuals to intracranial hemorrhages. Thus, it is crucial to consider intracranial hemorrhage as a possible cause of altered mental status in patients infected with COVID-19 and weigh the potential risk versus benefits of utilizing anticoagulants when managing the thrombotic complications of this virus.