bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study Method for Low Speed Flow Basic on Precondition
Authors: Li Lang , Cheng Guo Ping , Zhu Guo Quan , Zhang Wei
Published: December 2014

Based on Navier-stokes equations, Weiss-Smith matrix preconditioning method is implemented within pseudo time derivative term. AUSM+-up family schemes and LU-SGS implicit iterative method were used to solve low speed flows and were compared with literature data and theoretical value. Through comparing calculation with the literature data and theoretical value, The Results showed the preconditioning algorithm can be applied efficiently to the low speeds flow field ,All these works built foundations for further application of chemical flows.
Comparative Analysis of Inverter Topology for Highly Efficient Single-Phase Photovoltaic Generation System
Authors: Huang Li , Shi Shan Shan , Yang Yong Biao , Liu Jin Song , Wang Dong
Published: December 2014

The distributed renewable energy sources as wind, photovoltaic, fuel cell, wave are getting more and more attention and research due to the continuous deterioration of environment and constant stress of energy crisis. In this paper, several widely used topologies in transformerless PV inverter are introduced at the beginning. Then, the pros and cons of various topologies are discussed and evaluated in detail with respect to leakage current, efficiency and cost. The final conclusions derived can be regarded as references for design of highly efficient single-phase photovoltaic generation system.
Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Air Distribution in Large Space
Authors: Du Ze Hang , Liu Chun  Hua , Zhou Guang
Published: December 2014

In recent years, people pay increasing attention to the issue whether indoor air conditioning system can meet the requirements of thermal comfort under the circumstance of good air quality and reduce energy consumption. FLUENT, commercial computational fluid dynamics software is used to simulate the three-dimensional distribution of temperature and velocity in the subject hotel atrium. The turbulence model modified by buoyancy was used to solve equations. The SIMPLE scheme was used for numerical discrimination. Distribution of temperature, velocity on some typical section and the atrium space can be obtained; the result of numerical simulation can be visualized by post-processing module of FLUENT and TECPLOT software. The influence to the air flow distribution is simulated and calculated by the elements of different rates, angle, and height of the air supply flow. As for the specified case of the project, an optimized solution is obtained, that is supply air speed 6 m/s, angle 15°, air inlet height 7.5m, air temperature 291K.
Moving Target Tracking Based on Trajectory Prediction
Authors: Dong Yu Bing , Sun Ying , Li Ming Jing
Published: December 2014

An improved tracking method based on trajectory prediction is proposed and studied. The moving target tracking system is given and described. In order to fast and efficient tracking, a mathematical model of trajectory prediction of moving target is established. A large of experiments are carried by MALTAB. The results show that the improved method is better, improves the tracking speed and tracking precision.
Multi-Relational Naïve Bayesian Classification Based on the Selection of Relations
Authors: Zhang Jing , Bi Jia Jia , Sun Ning , Hu Xue Gang
Published: December 2014

Nowadays, multi-relational classification has become a hotspot for research and application in the field of data mining. Compared to the single table with simple structure, multi-relational tables is more complicated. However, not all of the information in the tables has good effects on classification. It may decrease the classification accuracy of the algorithm when irrelevant relations are added. In this article, we optimized the multi-relational tables using the usefulness of the backgrounds to remove those relations which have little effect on the classification. The results show that, this method is effective.
Vehicle Operating Fault Regularity and its Application in Inspection and Maintenance
Authors: An Xu , Qiao Xiang Ming , Zhao Chang Li , Liu Sheng Tian , Zhang Hen Hai , Han Guang De
Published: December 2014

To reveal the fault occurrence regularity during actual operation of transport vehicle, based on reliability, maintainability and optimization theory and method, and by the the technical means such as large sample testing, mathematical modeling and multivariate data analysis, after several years of follow-up research, we found that the occurrence of vehicle failts obey Weibull distribution, and given specific failt rate functions. Accordingly, we established a corresponding optimal mathematical model of vehicle maintenance cycle, and got the optimal solution of the model. The results of special organized verify test shows that the model solution is accurate and reliable. If transport vehicles perform the optimal vehicle maintenance cycle, the lowest unit mileage cost of vehicle detection, diagnosis and maintenance would be got.
Research on Conditioning and Application for the F2N2
Authors: Li Zhong Nian , Zhou Lei
Published: December 2014

as everyone knows, conditioning F2N2(Feed Forward Neural Network) in many ways, but ways, but has so far failed to completely solve the "convergence not quickly" and "convergence is not robust"of these two problems, thus affecting the application of F2N2. Aiming at this problem, pro this paper puts forward a new method of processing and application of F2N2, the method of flexible BPNN (Back Propagation Neural Network) algorithm and hierarchical optimization algo-rithm as a whole, each layeris independent rights attached to the conditioning process, carefully con-structed F2N2objective function is non linear series based on the description, not only can the optimization of each layer of the weight problem is simplified to a linear problem, but also can effec-tively controlthe linearity error. This paper provides several examples of application of F2N2automa-tic detection, the results of application show that, this method is superior to other methods.
A Review on Low Voltage Ride-Through Solutions for PMSG Wind Turbine
Authors: Zhang Mei , Xue Hai Qin , Zhou Shui Liang
Published: December 2014

The exiting of wind turbines will cause the adverse effect on the power grid and its assembling unit in network voltage drops. So, direct-drive wind power generation system should meet the requirement of the certain ability of low voltage. This paper introduces the influence of wind power system with different structure by voltage drop as well as the disadvantage and advantage on LVRT. The relate regulations based on LVRT are analyzed. The existing LVRT technologies of direct-drive wind power systems are briefly presented. The characteristics of each scheme from the different LVRT technology are analyzed. Moreover, further study of LVRT for PMSG is pointed out.
Analysis on the Wind Turbines Current Influenced by the Impedance Variation of Low Voltage Ride through Test Device
Authors: Zhang Shu Yu , Gong Wei Wei , Zhao Yong Fei , He Fang , Wang Yue Yuan , Xin Dong Hao
Published: December 2014

To analysis the low voltage ride through tests results carried out in Inner Mongolia, the impedance model of low voltage ride through test equipment ability with the wind turbine is established. The grid current variation caused by series or parallel impedance switching is analyzed theoretically. Results show that grid current will become larger while the parallel impedance of low voltage test equipment is smaller. Consequently, suggestion is proposed to take optimal configuration of impedance in the equipment to reduce effect on grid current, which can ensure the smooth running of low voltage ride through test.
Study on Identification of Wind Turbine Power Characteristic Curve by Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Jia An , Meng Xin Yi , Wu Lin Lin , Xu Hai Xiang , Liu Ning , Liu Hai Feng , Li Xuan , Gao Yan Hong , Sun Zi Mei , Zhang Sheng Nan
Published: December 2014

Wind turbine power characteristic curve is not only an important indicator to assess the performance of wind turbine and evaluate the power generation performance, but also an important factor of impacting the wind power prediction accuracy. In this article, an identification method of the wind turbine power characteristic curve based on the genetic algorithm is proposed. With the piecewise linearization method, the wind turbine power characteristic curve is divided into several sections that can be described by linear or quadratic functions. Data preprocessing is used to filter the abnormal points in the original data. The distance from the wind turbine operating points to the power characteristic curve is selected as the fitness function. The identification process is to look for the parameters of the linear or quadratic curves that have the shortest distance to the massive operating points. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through the computation of a wind farm data.
Study on Transient Stability Simulation of District Grid Containing High Proportion of Wind Power
Authors: Lin Li , Zhao Shuang , Yu Meng Ze , Ding Bo Jian
Published: December 2014

As wind is random, intermittent and instability, with continual installation of wind farms, the impact of large scale wind farm on power system has become an important issue for integration and operation of wind farm. Aiming at studying the transient stability of district grid containing high proportion of wind power, numerical simulations with BPA for an actual district grid of China Southern Power Grid are presented. In these simulations, the interaction between the large-scale wind farm and traditional thermal power plants (TPPs) is investigated taking the different operating modes and fault location into account. The critical clearing time (CCT) is adopted as the measurable indicator to assess the interaction.
Economic Operation Research of Wind and Pumped Storage Co-Generation System
Authors: Li De Xin , Lv Xiang Yu , Chang Xue Fei , Pan Wen Xia
Published: December 2014

In order to make better use of wind resources and reduce abandoned wind and improve capacity of grid accepting wind power ,this paper studies the feasibility of storing abandoned wind based on using the PHS(Pumped Hydro System). The paper has constructed model of Wind – PHS co-generation system based on operating characteristics of various types of power. Under the constraints of system demands and the technical characteristics of various types of power, the model use the minimum total operation cost of the system as the objective function, then use real coding genetic algorithm simulation to solve the problem. The results show that the use of pumped storage power station can not only reduce the abandoned wind, and the economic benefits of storage abandoned wind are better than the economic benefits of without wind abandoned. At last with evaluation and factors influencing the analysis, the conclusion that the optimal capacity of pumped storage power station in the system is expected to providing a reference which can help for the rational allocation of resources.
Analysis of Limit Angle Deviation for the Spot of Solar Simulator
Authors: Zhang Jia Yv , Li Jin Chao , Niu Hu Li
Published: December 2014

The optical system with multiple light sources of steady solar simulator being developed in our country as the research object, analysis on the from and effect of spot convergence when the steady solar simulator in different spatial positions, by using the method of numerical calculation and software simulation, to determine the maximum position deviation which is allowed by the source. The research results show that: the spatial location of sources to solar simulator is the key factor to influence the shape and energy distribution of composite beam that may offer some references and gist for designing the light control system of solar simulator, anglicizing the spot data and determining the key parts of processing precision.
Solar Temperature Difference of a Complementary Power Generation Device for Automotive Applications
Authors: Guo Jia Yi
Published: December 2014

This paper introduces the principle and design of a solar temperature difference of a complementary power generation device which is used in long distance bus by pictures and words.This paper introduces the principle of power generation, the device design scheme, power application and other aspects in detail. At the same time, this paper shows the actual parameters of the power efficiency of the device, and expounds the application prospect of the device.
RBF Neural Network Wind Power Prediction Based on Chaos Theory
Authors: Zhang Li Dong , Li Shan Shan , He Xu Dong
Published: December 2014

Using the C - C method to reconstruct the phase space of wind power time series, get the maximum wind power time series Lyapunov exponent, confirmed that the wind power time series have chaotic characteristics. Followed by the radial basis function (RBF) neural network model for wind power chaotic local multi-step prediction, results show that the prediction effect is better than that of the predicted effect of 48 hours for 24 hours.
Preliminary Core Design and Optimization Analysis of Travelling Wave Reactor
Authors: Shen Dao Xiang , Zhang Yao  Li , Guo Qi Xun
Published: December 2014

A travelling wave reactor (TWR) is an advanced nuclear reactor which is capable of running for decades given only depleted uranium fuel, it is considered one of the most promising solutions for nonproliferation. A preliminary core design was proposed in this paper. The calculation was performed by Monte Carlo method. The burning mechanism of the reactor core design was studied. Optimization on the ignition zone was performed to reduce the amount of enriched uranium initially deployed. The results showed that the preliminary core design was feasible. The optimization analysis showed that the amount of enriched uranium could be reduced under rational design.
Application of Distributed Energy Storage
Authors: Wang Lu , Shi Zheng Jun , Li Jun Jie , Yu Xin Mei , Zhu Hao Jun
Published: December 2014

With rapid development of renewable generator, Application of storage plays important role in improving energy efficiency. At first different kinds requirement of storage is analysed with detail case in paper. The trend of storage for future is Prospect. Then demand of new energy for power system is analysed and calculated. A decomposition model for Energy storage for renewable power generation is established. Some suggestion will be given for energy storage for GuangDong power gird co.Ltd.
Super-Cooling Suppression of Microencapsulated PCM
Authors: Lv Shan , Qiu Zhong Zhu
Published: December 2014

Microencapsulated Phase change material can absorb and release large amounts of latent heat over a defined temperature range as its physical state changes. The microencapsulated PCM has high energy density and isothermal behavior during charging and discharging and can avoid the contradiction of the energy supply and demand unbalance in time and space. Meanwhile, the shell can separate the phase change material from the outside environment in order to protect the core material. But the super-cooling problem is a main barrier for microencapsulated PCM application. So this paper talks about how to dealing with super-cooling based on related literatures and gives an overview about the methodology in this area.
An Operating Control Strategy of Zinc Bromine Flow Battery Energy Storage Systems in Microgrid
Authors: Feng Xin Zhen , Tao Yi Bin , Hu Jin Hang , Li Qiang
Published: December 2014

With the continuous development of distributed solar, wind power and other renewable energy sources, renewable energy sources which has its own features, such as intermittent and randomness volatility, brings great challenges to the stable operation of power grid. Aiming at meeting the requirement of balancing the fluctuating renewable energy sources of micro grid, this paper proposes the operating control strategies of the zinc bromine flow battery storage. Firstly, the equivalent mathematical model based on the working principle of the zinc bromine flow battery is established; Secondly, a dual closed-loop strategy for the DC/DC converter is proposed, of which the inner loop is peak current control on zinc bromine flow battery side inductance while the outer loop is a switch control by constant active power and trickle current. By resorting the DC/AC grid side converter, the stability of DC bus voltage is maintained; Then, this paper proposes the optimization power control strategies of zinc bromine battery energy storage system as a constraint of state of charge and DC bus voltage; Finally, a 50kW zinc bromine flow battery energy storage system test platform is built, and the charging and discharging characteristics of zinc bromine energy storage system (ZESS) is researched in grid-connected mode, the test results have shown that the proposed power optimization control strategies for zinc bromine energy storage system could smooth renewable energy sources power fluctuation.
SFA-SDC Composite Cathodes Fabricated with Glycine-Nitrate Process for Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Yu Xiu Ling , Shi Ming Fei
Published: December 2014

SrFe0.9Al0.1O3-δ(SFA) powder was mixed with a different mass content of SDC 10, 20 and 30 wt.% to form SFA-SDC composite cathodes subsequently investigated as potential IT-SOFC cathodes on LSGM electrolytes. No obvious reaction products between SDC (or LSGM) and SFA occur under test for the cathode of SOFCs. As SOFC cathodes, the area-specific resistances of the SFA-SDC cathodes on the LSGM electrolyte with SDC 10, 20 and 30 wt.% at 800 oC are 0.089, 0.068 and 0.087 Ω cm2, respectively. The peak power density of the SFA-SDC20 on a 300 μm-thick LSGM electrolyte reach 512 mW cm−2 at 800 °C.
A Review of Graphene Supported Electrocatalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Liu Qi , Xu Qun Jie , Fan Jin Chen , Zhou Yang , Wang Long Long
Published: December 2014

As a fascinating two-dimensional nanomaterial, graphene is attractive for electrocatalytical application in direct methanol fuel cells due to its unique structure and outstanding physical properties. Graphene and its derivatives have been widely used as a support material to improve electrocatalytical activity of catalyst particles for methanol and ethanol oxidations. In this review, discussion is focused on the graphene supported monometallic and bimetallic nanocrystals hybrid materials for electrocatalysts. Additionally, the nitrogen-doped graphene utilized for promising support material in electrocatalysts was also mentioned. We believe that the article will be useful to researchers interested in graphene-based catalyst and related materials for direct methanol fuel cells and provide the present status of the subject.
Influencing Factors and Techniques of Carbon Nanotube Assembly by Dielectrophoresis
Authors: Zhang Peng , An Li Bao , Han Zi Xu , Chen Yan
Published: December 2014

Due to their excellent properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the potential to be applied as functional elements for nanoelectronics, nanoelectromechanical systems, new energy, sensors, and others. One precondition for many of these applications is to assemble CNTs into devices and the number and position of assembled CNTs usually need to be controlled. The process factors for CNT assembly by dielectrophoresis (DEP), which include the magnitude of the applied voltage, the concentration of the CNT suspension, the duration of the electric field, and the geometry of the CNTs, and the shape of the electrodes, have great influence on the assembly results. Some techniques based on DEP, such as those adding floating electrodes, optically induced DEP (ODEP) and using hydrodynamic force, can realize precise positioning of CNTs. This paper introduces the factors and techniques which influence the number and position of assembled CNTs. The research intends to provide help for the application of CNTs in nanoelectronics.
Analysis and Design of Temperature Monitoring Device for Switchgear Cabinet Based on Resonant Coupling Wireless Energy Supply
Authors: Li Kang , Zhang Guo Qiang , Guo Run Rui
Published: December 2014

On-line temperature monitoring provides the means to evaluate the state of equipment and timely detect abnormality. However the power source of temperature sensing units, including sensor, transceiver and microcontroller, is not perfectly ready. In this paper, a monitoring device is proposed based on resonant coupling wireless energy supply. One feasible structure of the device is present. The device includes two parts. One is the measurement module which is placed on the high potential part, the other one is the processing module which is placed on the low potential part. The power and transfer distance demand of the measurement module is analyzed. Then a wireless power transfer system is designed to fulfill the need. A prototype system is founded to confirm the validity of our design. The results show that the device can work normally while the measurement and the processing module is 10cm away from each other, which means the proposed system is practicable. The EMI and other characteristics will be studied in the following work.
Assessment on Power System Black-Start Schemes Based on Entropy-Weighted and Improved Analytic Hierarchy Process Algorithm
Authors: Liu De Xian , Zhang Jian Hua , Cao Bin
Published: December 2014

Reasonable black-start scheme is of great significance to power system restoration. The entropy method and improved analytic hierarchy process algorithm are applied in evaluation indexes determination. Compared to the traditional algorithm, it takes into account the objectivity of reality and the subjectivity of human experience and adjusts both relative importance by a impact factor. It dose.t need the optimization calculations. At the same time, the fuzzy consistent matrix is applied to improve the traditional analytic hierarchy process, avoiding the consistence problems. Finally, compare the pros and cons of each program by calculating the comprehensive evaluation index to achieve the program’s full sort. The calculation process is simple, the efficiency is obviously improved and the availability of the method is validated through an example.
The Influence of Distributed Photovoltaic Access to Distribution Network on Voltage Profile
Authors: Yang Cun Xiang , Yang Hui Juan , He Ping , Niu Yun Long
Published: December 2014

The generated photovoltaic located at load center has a significant impact on feeders' voltage profile. Firstly, considering the reactive power and the line reactance, after theoretical calculation and simulation, it is proved that the influence on voltage profile of generated PV access to distribution network has a great relationship with its access position and access capacity; when there are multiple PV access to distribution network, the influence on voltage profile is different when combined capacity and location is different. Then the maximum alternative capacity at each node is calculated. Al last, it is illustrated through simulation that shunt reactor at PV node and inverter controlling can solve the voltage violation problem.
Conversion of Biomass-Derived Glycolide to Ethylene Glycol over Cu
Authors: Zhang Song , Huo Zhi Bao , Li Lu , Fu Jun , Luo Jiang , Jin Fang Ming
Published: December 2014

In this paper, the conversion of biomass-derived glycolide to ethylene glycol over Cu was investigated. As a result, Cu showed significant catalytic role for the conversion of glycolide into ethylene glycol compared to other catalysts, such as Ni and Mo. A 24.3% yield of ethylene glycol was achieved in the process. The possible formation pathway of ethylene glycol from glycolide over Cu under hydrothermal conditions was proposed.
Research on Optimal Allocation of Microgrid System Based on Two Layers of Coordinated Dispatch
Authors: Zhu Xin Chao , Wu Hong Bin
Published: December 2014

In the process of the optimal allocation of microgrid system, two layers of coordinated dispatch strategies has been used in this paper. In the first layer, diesel generators and batteries are coordinated dispatched each other. The diesel generators begin to work before state of charge (SOC) of batteries reaches the lower limit. In the second layer, the power of batteries and super capacitors are distributed based on the dynamic characteristics of the hybrid energy storage system. Based on the coordinated dispatch strategies, the optimization models of DGs in microgrid system are constructed which considers the comprehensive cost of system as the optimization objective function and adopts the reliability indexes as the constraints. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the objective function. With the example system, it verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the models, the algorithm and the coordinated dispatch strategies.
Power Flow Method for Distribution Systems Based on the Current Network Equation
Authors: Ye Xiao Xiao , Xie Xiong , Wang Fang Zong
Published: December 2014

Proposed general distribution power flow algorithm based on the current network equation. The power flow equations of the algorithm based on the node current balance, and the Jacobian matrix is a constant coefficient matrix compared to the conventional Newton method. It has the characteristics of easy programming, and the method has universality at the same time. It can be used for radial distribution network and systems with loops. The example shows that the method is superior to conventional Newton method on speed and convergence.
Fast Search of Dangerous Lines in Power Flow Transferring in Power System
Authors: Xu Yan , Zhi Jing
Published: December 2014

A method for fast search of dangerous lines in power flow transferring was put forward. Search the equal-phase parallel lines of the overload line by graph theory and voltage phasor angle. Search the shortest path between the end nodes of the overload line which went through the equal-phase parallel lines. The lines on the paths belonged to the power flow transferring line set, where the lines with high active power flow distribution coefficient were dangerous lines in power flow transferring. The method is more targeted in the search for power flow transferring path. It will not leave out dangerous lines for only looking for the shortest line between the two nodes of the overload line, and it wil not select the redundant lines for searching the K shortest paths between the two nodes of the overload line. This method is simple and accurate with little calculation. The method is verified by simulation analysis based on IEEE 39 and IEEE 118 bus system.
Faulted Section Identification Method Based on the Transient Current Distribution for the NUGS
Authors: Pan Ben Ren , Yu Kan Sheng , Xie Guo Qiang , Xu Zai De , Zou Jin , Fan Rui Xiang , Xin Jian Bo
Published: December 2014

The faulted feeder selection and fault identification under the condition of single-phase earth fault in the neutral un-effectual grounded system (NUGS) has long been a problem. As a matter of fact, existing methods that have been proposed may face some difficulty in the case of some scenarios, as the impact of the Petersen coil must be taken into consideration, or when the accurate location of the faulted point is required and the zero-sequence current cannot be measured. To against this, a novel faulted section identification method based on the transient current distribution is put forward by means of theoretical analysis and simulation study. It is shown by the results that this methods can give accurate location of the fault by comparing the transient RMS value of the upstream and the downstream of the fault point, even though the Petersen coil is switched in.
Implementation Mode of Distribution Automation at Switching Station
Authors: Li Hong Dan , Zou Hui Quan , Li Wei
Published: December 2014

These are some questions during construction of distribution automation at switching station, such as long outage time, construction workload and other issues. In this paper, proposed three coping modes: General mode, no blackout mode, optimization mode. Meanwhile, combine the actual situation of each switching station to analysis three modes, and practical applications in distribution automation construction of A and B cities. It has a guiding role in actual projects.
Development of Wind-Solar-Diesel-Battery Integrated Seawater Desalination Device
Authors: Liu Xi Wen , Pan Chun You , Su Hui Chao , Xiao Ya Su , Feng Tao
Published: December 2014

The development to seawater desalination technology of new energy is the valid way of solving the energy shortage and environmental pollution in coastal and islands areas. It is introduced in this paper with the components, design methods and operation analysis to the pluripotent coupling reverse osmosis (RO) seawater desalination devices focusing on the wind-solar complementary power generation. The operation results are shown that, the power generation system in the combination of wind, solar energy, diesel generator and battery could provide stable electric energy to the seawater desalination device, the water quality generated is superior to the standard of drinking water, which could guarantee the water and electric power in remote island area. The container is used in such devices as the carrier to be moved rapidly with supplying water in emergence. The significant practical significance is realized to the water supply and demand on islands, offshore platform and ships and other special areas.
Mechanism Research about Impact of Transmission Channel Power Constraint on Grid Loss with Large-Scale Wind Power Integration
Authors: Xia Peng , Liu Wen Ying , Liu Fu Chao , Fu Xi Wei
Published: December 2014

With the significant development of wind power, it has been inevitable for wind farm cluster to integrate into the system from the grid end, therefore, the power grid loss problem of large-scale wind power integration is highlighted. At first, we construct a power transmission system model with large-scale wind power integration, get the power grid loss calculation formula of the system, and induce the change laws of the power grid loss by the constraints of power transmission channel flow. And then, based on the structure of Gansu power grid, we do some simulations about power grid loss distribution by the constraints of power transmission channel flow, and verify the correctness of theoretical derivation.
An Universal Realization of Power Dispatching Operation Expert System
Authors: Chen Su Fang , Ma Hao Min , Tao Mei
Published: December 2014

In power operation, dispatching operation order sheet (DOOS) provides reliable guarantee for safe of power dispatching. The intelligence of power dispatching operation system (PDOS) is improved a lot through the effort of scientists during recent years. By using this system, the security of the power net is enhanced, and the working stress of the staff is lightened. However, such systems can not be fully popularized and applied as yet due to some reason.. This paper analyzes and researches two different aspects in order to enhance the universality of PDOS. On the one hand, a scheme of operating rules’ dynamic management is designed and implemented through analyzing the difference on operating requirement and content between itemized order tickets and comprehensive order tickets, which improves the flexibility of PDOS effectively. On the other hand, the PDOS is integrated with management information system (MIS) to realize the web-based broadcast of DOOS. The efficiency and applicability of this implementing scheme have been proved by practice.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Grid-Connected Distributed Generation Operation
Authors: Wei Yu , Chen Yu Chen , Yuan Zhi Qiang , Liu Bo
Published: December 2014

More and more distributed generations are interconnected to distribution network. Its operation state should be evaluated comprehensively and effectively. This paper gives index of each level to judge interconnecting operation through comparing guides of interconnecting distributed resources with electric power system in different countries. A comprehensive and complete evaluation model based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Synthetically Evaluating Method is proposed. The index weights are set through analyzing the relationship between each index, while certainties and uncertainties are described by setting membership grade. Finally, a demonstration is given and reasonable analysis results are attained, thus the feasibility and efficiency of the model that might be conductive to the description of interconnecting distributed resources with electric power system are verified.
A Study on Bilateral Trade Model for Shanghai Grid under the Constraints of Mandatory Environmental Indicators
Authors: Liu Dun Nan , Zhao Yan , Ying Yu Hang , Li Lei
Published: December 2014

Developing bilateral power trade with surrounding regions is not only in favor of improving economic benefit of units in Shanghai grid, but also contributing to the economic development and power distribution safety of Shanghai and surrounding regions. In this paper, considering the situation of indicator control of environmental capacity in key area on power generation enterprises, completion situation of pollution control in generation enterprises, bilateral trade model and evaluation method under the constraints of mandatory environmental indicators are analyzed. Furthermore, solution on achieving clean electricity generation of bilateral trade power in the city of Shanghai is proposed.
Direct Superoxide Anion Scavenging Effect of Lycopene from Blakeslea trispora by EPR Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ling
Published: December 2014

Carotenoids demonstrated multiple antioxidant activities, including the ability to scavenge single oxygen and reactive oxygen radicals. Superoxide anion/radials, produced by exogenous chemical or physical stimuli and endogenous metabolic processes, can be another source of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo. The main components of carotenoids, lycopene, fromBlakeslea trisporawere separated by HPLC. In the current study, we reported the direct scavenging of superoxide anion by the carotenoids fromBlakeslea trisporaevaluated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, employing the spin-trap DMPO.
Expression Analysis of Salt Stress on Carotenoid Pathway Genes in Watermelon
Authors: Cheng Wei Shun , Zeng Dan Li , Zhang Na , Zeng Hong Xia , Ren Jian , Shi Xian Feng , Li Yu Hua , Sun Yu Hong
Published: December 2014

Carotenoids, the naturally occurring isoprenoids form essential components of photosynthetic antenna and reaction centre complexes. Thus they play a significant role in absorption, dissipation and transfer of light energy for the process of photosynthesis. The expression of salt stress on carotenoid gene in watermelon leaves were studied. For that watermelon plants were subjected to different concentration of salt water. Morphological characters such as plant height, no. of fruits per plant,chlorophyll content and expression of four major carotenoid pathway genes such as phytoene synthase(PSY), phytoene desaturase(PDS), zeta carotene desaturase(ZDS) and lycopene beta cyclase(LCY-β) were analysed. The quantitative expression analysis using real time PCR has shown a decrease in the expression of all the studied genes as the salt concentration increased. Among the different concentrations of NaCl used for the experiment, it was seen that 200 mM was most detrimental for the carotenoid gene expression.Lycopene beta cyclase, the enzyme that converts lycopene to beta carotene was seen to be highly affected compared to other genes studied showing a 1.87 fold inhibition in its expression at 200 mM NaCl.
The Antibiosis of Trichoderma asperellum Resistance Plant Pathogenic Fungi
Authors: Yang Ping
Published: December 2014

T. asperellumhas been turned out was an important biocontrol fungus and can antagonize many plant pathogenic fungi through a variety of biocontrol mechanisms. The antibiosis was considered one of important mechanisms. The antibiosis ofT.asperellumresistance plant pathogenic fungi was examined in this paper. The antibiotic biosynthetic gene polyketide synthase genepksT1can be induced by pathogens. Moreover, the growth of the plant pathogens was inhibited byT. asperellumsecondary metabolites. The yield of antibiotic 6-PP was 1.32 mg 6-PP/g mycelial dry weight.T. asperellumcontrol plant pathogens through producing antifungal metabolites.
Research on Forest Eco-Tourism Development in Jilin
Authors: Jin Hong Yan , Zhu Zhi Wei
Published: December 2014

Jilin province has rich forest tourism resources, to develop forest tourism advantages. To strengthen the understanding of forest tourism resources in our province and analyze the current situation of the development of forest tourism, and development strategy research, the development of forest tourism, the revitalization of the economy in Jilin province, to promote the development of forest tourism in Jilin province is of great significance.
The Relationship between Soil Moisture and Root Density under Different Types Phyllostachys edulis Forests in Northern Fujian
Authors: Liu Wei Yi , Fan Shao Hui , Liu Guang Lu , Guan Feng Ying
Published: December 2014

The soil moisture of three typical P. edulis forests (P. edulis and Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest, P. edulis pure forest , P. edulis and broad-leaved tree mixed forest ) in the North of Fujian province were studied in comparison with C. lanceolata pure forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest. Based on the routine observation, characteristics of spatial and temporal change of soil water content were studied. According to the roots distribution which were analyzed on different forest stand, the Linear and relationship model were established about the soil water and roots distribution. Results showed that the forest stand roots density decreasing with increasing soil depth, roots density and spatial distribution of soil moisture are related closely.
The Different Briquetting Factors and Nutritional Value Analysis in Four Southern Understory Forage Grass
Authors: Feng Yan , Chen Li Li , Zhang Xuan , Ding Ke , Zhang Dang Quan , Luo Ying She
Published: December 2014

Southern understory forage, as a new economic model, had achieved sustainable development and rational use of energy resources and forestry. Understory forage briquetting was not only suitable for storage, transport and commercialization, it was but also beneficial to the quality of hay and to income increases of farmers. This paper investigated the different briquetting factors and nutritional value in southern understory grass such as ryegrass, sudan grass, corn grass and bahia grass. Meanwhile, taking ryegrass as an example, the changes of nutrients before and after briquetting has also been investigated.
Analysis upon the Important Measures of Eco-Environmental System in Shanghai
Authors: Yan Guo Dong , Kang Jian Cheng
Published: December 2014

The poor environmental management has become the bottleneck of Shanghai urban development. it is of great urgency to enhance the system transformation and innovation and improve the eco-environmental system.the article focuses on the important measures of improving Shanghai eco-environmental system in order to provide a reference for accelerating Shanghai's transformation and upgrade and the four-center construction
Development and Evaluation of the Sustainable Management Index System for Fujian Coastal Shelterbelt
Authors: Lai Lu Yan
Published: December 2014

Sustainable management means the operation and construction of coastal shelterbelt, Sustainable management for the establishment of the index system is the premise of sustainable management of coastal protection forest management research. This paper, based on Fujian Coastal Shelterbelt management practice and using the AHP and expert investigation method, gives a description on coastal shelterbelt sustainable management index system which contains 26 indicators at 4 levels and 12 variables. Then the current condition of Fujian coastal shelterbelt sustainable management has been evaluated with the index system. The result shows that the comprehensive index is 0.7896. The tendency of the sustainable management is basically sustainable. The key factors of coastal shelterbelt sustainable management are found according to the evaluation. Those factors include protective maturity, the forest coverage rate, the proportion of area of nature reserves, the volume per unit area, the area of forest types by age class division and ratios of coastal shelterbelt and so on.
Species Coexistence in Ecosystems with Specialist Predation: Trophic Regulation in Gradients of Resource Productivity
Authors: Zhao Lei , Zhang Hua Yong , Tian Wang , Zhao Fang
Published: December 2014

Specialist predation is believed to play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity of ecosystems, whereas its underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here we analyzed a general model of a tritrophic system containing specialist predators. A new graphical approach based on the balance of resource recruitment and consumption was used. The analyses show that specialist predation can promote coexistence of producer species by increasing resource availability, which waken the exploitive competition between producers. TheR* rule, the dominant rule in traditional resource competition theory, is still dominant in infertile environment. In rich environment, the occurrence of specialist predator increases the equilibrium resource concentration and thus leads to the coexistence of the weak competitor. In high resource productivity environment all the species can coexist.
Evaluating the Impacts of Rapid Urbanization on the Ecosystem Services of Cities in Circum-Bohai Sea Region - A Case Study of Yantai City
Authors: Ding Xiao Hui , Zhong Wei Zhou , Liao Yi Lan , Zhang Shuo Xin , Jiang Yu
Published: December 2014

During the last 3 decades, developing countries especially China has experienced rapid urbanization process, which on one side have brought great leap forward of local economy as well as local social wellbeings, however on the other side such process has also led to great challenges on local ecosystem, which may jeopardize the potential of cities in these countries to meet their residents’ need and pursue more sustainable future. Therefore, a case study was taken in Yantai, a major city in Circum-Bohai Sea Region, and to assess the impact of rapid urbanization process on the local ecosystem services (ES), hence provided suggestions for pursuing more rational way of development of this city. Results showed that the decentralized pattern of urbanization, although has relatively moderate impact on Yantai’s ES, but may have substantially influences on the city’s sustainable future, therefore measures should be taken on restrain the decentralized urban expansion, reform of local authority regimes toward sustainable governance, as well as transforming regional industrial structure from secondary industry depended to more environmental friendly pattern.
On Manufacturers’ Strategies for Green Production an Example of the Copper Clad Laminate Industry
Authors: Wu Tian Sheng , Qi An Bang , Tsai Sang Bing , Guo Jiann Jong
Published: December 2014

Green production plans on production processes based on the principle of benefiting ecological and environmental protection, and manufacturers green products to satisfy green consumption. The contents of green production, which in essence is a constantly perfecting process, will keep updating and advancing with technological progress and economic development. Importance-Performance Analysis, IPA, is a methodology frequently used to evaluate performances and enhance competitive strategies. By IPA, this research project evaluated the performance of the firm under study in green production, which was intended as the basis for improvement by the same firm.
Review of Venture Capital Investing in Clean-Tech Industry from the Perspective of Policy Preferences
Authors: Wang Xiao Ling , Wu Chun You , Lin Hai Ying
Published: December 2014

Clean-tech industry, also identified as the advanced stage of eco-friendly industry and typical high-tech, has to gain enough financial support to develop. Meanwhile, it has provided substantial market opportunities as well as investment options for venture capitalist. In an attempt to form a comprehensive understanding of VC policy preferences in clean-tech sector, relevant studies have been done by researchers from organizations, universities, and firms, from various perspectives, forming an independent “niche” research field. Based on the interactive relation between industry development and clean-tech investing, this paper performs a time-sharing, multidimensional, and dynamic review on international clean-tech policies literatures, focusing primarily on investor preferences. We aim to provide references to the lenses and methods currently used for future research including policy tool design, investment attraction effects, and policy efficiency. Moreover, the findings facilitate the innovation and expansion of related research for China, by which it can form effective financial support for domestic clean-tech industry.
Research on Indoor Environment of University Gymnasiums
Authors: Chen Jian , Liu Yi Jun , Chen Fen
Published: December 2014

the paper adopts measurement method along with questionnaire method to do research about indoor environment of several universities. Related parameter indexes in measurement are temperature, relative humidity, velocity & concentration of carbon dioxide indoors and outdoors. And the paper employs questionnaire method to get the staff’s subject impression on indoor environment. The results show that while implementing its basic function, university gymnasiums has a tendency to neglect the comfort for staff indoors, and also reflects the relevant issues between air quality and ventilation indoors.
Development of Testing Platform for Building Shading Device
Authors: Yue Peng , Zhang Hua , Ye Yun Yang , Sha Hua Jing
Published: December 2014

In this paper a shading coefficient test platform using artificial light sources was developed to measure the shading coefficient of some typical shading products for building. The platform consists of three testing cases and a protective case. The results show that the detection period using this method was approximately 5-6 hours, and stability of repeating test was good. The experiment results of between-glass venetian blinds are compared with the simulation results to verify the scientific feasibility of the test method.
Research on the Application of Straw Bale Houses in Northwest Rural Area
Authors: Li Jin Ping , Li Xiu Zhen , Wang Na , Han Jing Yi
Published: December 2014

Energy-efficient problems for houses need to be solved, with poorly insulated housing used in northwest rural area of China requiring large amounts of energy for house warming. The application of straw bale houses in domestic and overseas indicates straw bale houses’ benefits. This article compares straw bale houses with traditional structures and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of straw bale houses, also points out the feasibility and prospects of the utilization of straw bale houses in northwest rural area.
“Land Finance Division” of Urbanization Based on Clustering Analysis - A Case Study in Shandong Province
Authors: Cai Xiao , Liu Wei Dong , Fan Hui , Lv Tian Gui
Published: December 2014

Based on specifying the connotation of land finance and its structure, this paper chose land granting income, cultivated land usagetax, deed tax, urban land use tax, land value-added tax and property tax; built the per unit area of land transfer income, the average per unit area land tax revenue, the average land transfer income accounted for the proportion of local financial general budget revenue, and average land tax accounted for the proportion of local financial general budget revenue. By partitioning the land finance of Shandong province employing clustering analysis, the 17 cities were classified into five categories:high land price regions, high land tax regions, low land price regions, low land tax regions, and high land revenue regions. By summarizing the similarities of all these categories, the paper pointed out the land finance characters and its existing problems and discussed their future developments.