bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrophobic treatments and their application with internal wall insulation
Authors: Cambray Toby , Marincioni Valentina , Altamirano Hector
Published: September 2024

Hydrophobic (or water repellent) treatments have been proposed to mitigate moisture risks associated with internal wall insulation when applied to solid masonry walls. This can reduce risks associated with moisture accumulation within the structure such as mould growth or the deterioration of joist ends and other embedded timber. Where treatments perform well there is a net reduction of moisture content and risk. However, such treatments slow down drying processes, and therefore may result in a net increase in moisture if the treatment is bypassed by, for example, cracks. Some treatments may lead to damage to external masonry surfaces in some situations. Freeze–thaw and salt crystallisation are the two main causes. Hygrothermal simulations may give some indication of risks but techniques to assess the risk of surface damage are either simplistic, impractical outside of the research environment or both. This paper reviews the current field of assessing and predicting the risk of surface damage associated with surface treatments.
Advanced Transform Techniques for the One-Dimensional Non-Homogeneous Heat Equation with Non-Homogeneous BCs and IC
Authors: FIFELOLA RAPHEAL OLADIPO , OKAFOR UCHENWA LINUS  , ADEDAPO KEHINDE FEMI  , JOHNSON SUNDAY EGBEJA
Published: September 2024

This study addresses the one-dimensional non-homogeneous heat equation with non-homogeneous boundary conditions using a transformation method. We introduce a new dependent variable V(x,t) and a function ψ(x) to simplify the PDE into a homogeneous form, solving it analytically. The solution involves separating variables and applying Fourier series, leading to:

Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical results, illustrating the method’s robustness for modeling heat conduction problems.
Los jóvenes de negro
Authors: Roz Sonia de la
Published: September 2024

Las actitudes de los adolescentes indican que, con frecuencia, están sometidos a estados emocionales de dolor y tristeza que afectan a su presente y a su fututo. La autora se pregunta si hay algo que podamos hacer desde instancias educativas para ayudarles a manejar esta tristeza y propone algunas ideas útiles para las diferentes instancias educativas: sociedad, familia y escuela.
TOWARDS THE PROBLEM OF LASER CORRECTION OF VOLUMETRIC ERROR OF MULTI-AXIS MACHINES WITH GANTRY KINEMATICS
Authors: Pimushkin Ya. I. , Stebulyanin M. M. , Masterenko D. A.
Published: September 2024

A significant part of the requirements for the quality of products of modern machine-building production is the requirements for the accuracy of dimensions, shape, and location of surfaces. To meet the everincreasing requirements, all the ways of increasing of technological equipment accuracy must be used, including the errors correction via control systems. The article considers the problem of correction of volumetric error of technological and measuring machines with portal kinematics. According to the proposed approach, the measurements of volumetric errors in the machine working space is to be fulfilled, and then the coordinate transformation calculated to provide the corrected values of target coordinates to the machine control system. The equations of coordinate transformation are derived. The results of the experimental research of the proposed approach are also given. The coordinates of the working tool were measured with the laser-tracker, and the specialized software calculated the coordinate transformation from the measurements. It is shown that the volumetric error of a machine can be reduced by 60 % and more.
ON THE FEATURES OF REFLECTION OF SHEAR ELASTIC WAVE PULSES FROM A VERTICAL CRACK
Authors: Danilov V. N.
Published: September 2024

A computer simulation of the characteristics of pulse signals of shear waves reflected from the edge of a vertical crack coming to the surface of the control object and a bottom crack using radiated pulses of various lengths with narrow, medium width and wide spectra was carried out. Within the limits of changing the calculation parameters, a feature of pulse reflection is established – the ratio of the maxima of the envelope pulses when reflected from a crack coming to the surface of the OK and the bottom crack is approximately 3.40 (10.6 dB), which coincides with the corresponding ratio of the maxima of the spectra. Based on the results of calculations of pulse shapes with frequency spectrum of different widths when waves are reflected from a vertical crack, the recommendation is justified not to use long pulses with narrow spectra with reduced beam resolution in the time of flight diffraction method.
ABOUT THE COSTS OF THE RUSSIAN STANDARD FOR ULTRASONIC INSPECTION OF WELDED JOINTS
Authors: Selsky A. A. , Mezin I. A.
Published: September 2024

GOST R 55724‒2013, which entered in to force in 2015, caused a number of significant complaints from specialists in ultrasonic testing. In particular, this is the lack of clarification to the SKH diagrams, an ambiguous under standing of the controls chemes for connections with non-penetration, the incorrect methodology for converting the area of the flat-bottom reflector into a notch area, an excessively high criterion for the diameter of the object for lapping the prisms of sensors, and the lack of clarification on the use of tuning samples. The article analyzes these shortcomings and suggests ways to eliminate them.
ISSUES OF CREATING A SYSTEM FOR EARLY DETECTION OF FOREST FIRES BASED ON UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES
Authors: Asadov H. H. , Bayramov H. Z.
Published: September 2024

The urgent importance of the task of monitoring the state of forests lies in the danger of forest fires. Forest fires are a frequent occurrence in almost all continents. Despite the high information content of the spectral signs of a forest fire, the corresponding functionality is not fully used in the known implementations of the forest fire early detection system. The spectral region in which it is possible to distinguish forest areas in a state of fire from their usual state is quite wide and covers the middle and thermal zone of the infrared part of the spectrum. The installation of spectral equipment (multi- and hyperspectrometers) on board the UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) can certainly expand the functionality of unmanned equipment in the early detection of forest fires. The optimal procedure for using UAVs equipped with hyperspectral equipment for early detection of forest fires is proposed. An optimization problem has been formulated and solved to determine the most appropriate mode of changing the UAV flight altitude with an increase in the wavelength of the measurements being carried out. According to the proposed method, on the right branch of the Planck curve, with increasing wavelength, the flight altitude should be increased, and on the left branch it should be reduced. This order corresponds to the case of increasing the wavelength on both branches and follows from the integral restriction set on the function of the dependence of the flight altitude on the wavelength, which comes from the limited real energy resources on board the UAV. Based on the developed method, a new technique for early detection of forest fires based on the use of hyperspectral method is proposed.
Monitorowanie procesu pisania w języku obcym. Analiza przerw z perspektywy Teorii Systemów Dynamicznych
Authors: Kowal Iwona
Published: September 2024

The paper investigates the dynamic character of pausing behaviour in foreign language writing. In a longitudinal study on Polish learners of Swedish, pause length and frequency, as well as the interplay between pause length and the development of lexical diversity, syntactic complexity, accuracy, and fluency, were investigated. According to the assumptions of Dynamic Systems Theory, intra- and inter-subject variability were analysed. The study has shown that the mean length of pauses did not change during the three-year period of second language learning; however, the frequency of pauses significantly decreased, as demonstrated by the increasing number of words written between pauses. There was a considerable variation within subjects during the entire period, and even moderate inter-subject variability was noticed. The occurrence of longer pauses was almost always interconnected with a higher level of accuracy, syntactic complexity, and fluency. This interplay, however, could only be confirmed at the individual level, showing the necessity of following the development of a second language in individuals rather than for the entire group.
Armenian Libraries from Afar and Up Close
Authors: Mirzoyan Yeznik
Published: September 2024

The last decade of the existence of the Soviet Union is considered by many as years of development, and many, who lived through that period, still remember those years very fondly. In many independent post-Soviet countries numerous problems required urgent solutions. This article describes the condition of libraries in Soviet Armenia and in independent Armenia, and informs about development trends, problems, and attempts to resolve them. The introduction of information technology in Armenian libraries has been quite complex and uneven, but it has had a unifying effect on library policy and librarians.
Reasons for consultation in gynecological and obstetrical emergencies among adolescents in Tunisia
Authors: Bannour Imen , Ben Rejeb Omayma , Bannour Rania , Ncibi Riadh , Ben Saad Omar Khalil , Bannour Badra
Published: September 2024

Objectives

The main objective is to study gynecological and obstetrical emergencies among adolescents admitted to the emergency room in our department.

Methods

At the Farhat Hached University Hospital in Sousse’s Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, we carried out a retrospective study. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of adolescents who consulted over a period of 12 months were described.

Results

We recorded 78 emergencies during the study period, representing a frequency of 0.39 %. Gynecological and obstetrical emergencies in adolescents are dominated by abdominal-pelvic pain (36 %), followed by pregnancy diagnoses (16.7 %), and dysmenorrhea in 10 % of cases. Admission decisions were made in only 6.4 % of cases.

Conclusions

Advances in adolescent gynecology highlight the importance of specialized care for this population, crucial for preventive healthcare. Evaluation and management rely on recognizing clinical challenges and understanding specific issues.
Recent process of using nanoparticles in the T cell-based immunometabolic therapy
Authors: Chen Bingxin , Li Yangyang , Wang Hui
Published: September 2024

Immunotherapy is currently the main treatment for malignant tumors by activating immune cell. Metabolic reprogramming in tumor microenvironment can greatly affect the function of immune cell, and T cell is the main anti-tumor effector cell. Therefore, the T cell-based immunometabolic therapy can improve clinical efficacy. In T cell-based immunometabolic therapy, regular agents in conventional forms are difficult to achieve the intended efficacy due to poor tumor permeability and low cellular uptake. Nanoparticle-based strategy can serve as the optimal targeted drug delivery system due to co-encapsulation of multiple therapeutic agents and stable loading. Here, we intend to summarize examples of nanoparticles in the T cell-based immunometabolic therapy, and provide a comprehensive and helpful review by covering notable and vital applications of nanotechnology-based strategies for T cell-based immunometabolic therapy.
Simple waves for anti-van der Waals modified Chaplygin gas in 2-D magnetohydrodynamics
Authors: Gaurav  , Singh Lal Pratap
Published: September 2024

This paper presents essential findings on the reducible equations introduced by Courant and Friedrichs in their seminal work, Supersonic Flow and Shock Waves. In this paper, we discuss the presence of simple waves in a 2-D magnetohydrodynamic system with an anti-van der Waals-modified Chaplygin gas. Following the approach of Hu and Sheng (characteristic decomposition of the 2 × 2 quasilinear strictly hyperbolic systems). Appl. Math. Lett. 25(3), 262–267 (2012), and (simple waves and characteristic decompositions of quasilinear hyperbolic systems in two independent variables). Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 38(8), 1494–1505 (2015) for the characteristic decomposition of a strictly hyperbolic system, we establish the existence of simple waves for a non-reducible system. This extends Courant and Friedrichs’s fundamental finding, which was initially proposed for reducible system (R. Courant and K. O. Friedrichs, Supersonic Flow and Shock Waves, New York, Interscience Publishers, Inc, 1948, p. 464). These results enhance our understanding of simple wave behaviour in magnetohydrodynamic systems with modified Chaplygin gas, expanding the applicability of Courant and Friedrichs’s theoretical framework.
Selective Vulnerability of GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons to Bilirubin Neurotoxicity in the Neonatal Brain
Authors: Gong Li-Na , Liu Han-Wei , Lai Ke , Zhang Zhen , Mao Lin-Fei , Liu Zhen-Qi , Li Ming-Xian , Yin Xin-Lu , Liang Min , Shi Hai-Bo , Wang Lu-Yang , Yin Shan-Kai
Published: September 2024

Hyperbilirubinemia (HB) is a key risk factor for hearing loss in neonates, particularly premature infants. Here, we report that bilirubin (BIL)-dependent cell death in the auditory brainstem of neonatal mice of both sexes is significantly attenuated by ZD7288, a blocker for hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel-mediated current (
I
h
), or by genetic deletion of HCN1. GABAergic inhibitory interneurons predominantly express HCN1, on which BIL selectively acts to increase their intrinsic excitability and mortality by enhancing HCN1 activity and Ca
2+
-dependent membrane targeting. Chronic BIL elevation in neonatal mice in vivo increases the fraction of spontaneously active interneurons and their firing frequency,
I
h
, and death, compromising audition at the young adult stage in HCN1
+/+
, but not in HCN1
−/−
genotype. We conclude that HB preferentially targets HCN1 to injure inhibitory interneurons, fueling a feedforward loop in which lessening inhibition cascades hyperexcitability, Ca
2+
overload, neuronal death, and auditory impairments. These findings rationalize HCN1 as a potential target for managing HB encephalopathy.
DEVELOPING MENU PLANNING SOFTWARE USING OPTIMIZATION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ALGORITHM
Authors: Tarlak Fatih
Published: September 2024

In today's world, awareness of health and nutrition is growing, emphasizing the need for personalized nutrition recommendations and reducing food waste. This study collected demographic data and food preferences from users and analyzed them using artificial intelligence models. A model developed with the Random Forest algorithm was trained to predict users' future preferences and guide menu planning. Tests showed that combining AI with optimization techniques successfully creates user-focused menus, enhancing satisfaction and reducing food waste. The study also highlighted challenges related to the dataset's size, pointing to a need for more qualitative data. The developed model provides innovative solutions for catering companies and institutions offering mass dining, improving employee satisfaction while minimizing waste. Future research aims to refine the model for broader applications.
SON controls mouse early embryonic development by regulating RNA splicing and histone methylation
Authors: Wei Jiarui , An Xianglan , Fu Cong , Li Qi , Wang Fang , Huang Rong , Zhu Haibo , Li Ziyi , Zhang Sheng
Published: September 2024

In brief

During zygotic genome activation, thousands of genes are activated, and those pre-mRNAs must be accurately spliced to support the production of functional proteins. This study shows that SON is necessary for proper nuclear speckle organization, pre-mRNA splicing, transcriptome establishment, and histone methylation in mouse preimplantation embryos.

Thousands of genes are activated in late two-cell embryos, which means that numerous pre-mRNAs are generated during this time. These pre-mRNAs must be accurately spliced to ensure that the mature mRNAs are translated into functional proteins. However, little is known about the roles of pre-mRNA splicing and the cellular factors modulating pre-mRNA splicing during early embryonic development. Here, we report that downregulation of SON, a large Ser/Arg (SR)-related protein, reduced embryonic development and caused deficient blastomere cleavage. These embryonic developmental defects result from dysregulated nuclear speckle organization and pre-mRNA splicing of a set of cell cycle-related genes. Furthermore, SON downregulation disrupted the transcriptome (2128 upregulated and 1399 downregulated) in four-cell embryos. Increased H3K4me3, H3K9me3, and H3K27me3 levels were detected in four-cell embryos after SON downregulation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that accurate pre-mRNA splicing is essential for early embryonic development and that SON plays important roles in nuclear speckle organization, pre-mRNA splicing, transcriptome establishment, and histone methylation reprogramming during early embryonic development.
Analysis of stress-strain state of the metal plate based on discrete data of displacement values
Authors: Ripetskyi E.Y. , Ripetskyi R.Y. , Nepelyak O.I.
Published: September 2024

An actual problem of stress-strain state (SSS) analysis of a bent metal plate under an uncertain acting load is solved. 
A problem in the direct use of spatial interpolation for obtaining the surface of a metal plate, which is realized in the Surfer software product, is formed. It is noted that direct use of existing interpolation methods without considering physical-mechanical properties leads to results distortion. It was noted that spatial interpolation methods have analogy with the finite element method (FEM) in terms of surface display using meshes. This was the basis for comparing the results of surface modelling by FEM and grid-cell interpolation methods. The main difference of the interpolated surface was the absence of spline properties.
A new approach to solving the problem was the additional use of second and fourth-order polynomial spline functions, whose expressions are obtained from the initial and boundary conditions of the deformed plate. With its help, lines of smooth curvature, which acted as frame lines, were obtained and plotted on the grid-cell surface. The introduction of the frame lines on the grid-cell resulted in the combination of the initial discrete data with the displacement values calculated using the expressions of polynomial spline functions. A significant increase in the number of point data allowed the spatial interpolation method to extend the spline properties to the grid-cell interframe space as well. As a result, an adequate deformed surface of a metal plate was reproduced, giving it spline properties - smooth radii of curvature.
El cuerpo vestido como construcción de identidades latinoamericanas a partir de lo monstruoso. Un enfoque decolonial para la enseñanza de la moda
Authors: Gómez García Diana Patricia
Published: September 2024

This research analyzes and questions fashion and its respective teaching from a colonial matrix, constantly constructed from the body as a place of use, representation and construction of fashion and its imaginaries. In this way, learning exercises in fashion are traditionally based on the recognition of the anatomical-ergonomic of the body in direct relation to the needs of the hegemonic industry, which imposes its narratives and canons.
Thanks to the decolonial foundation of the Professional Program in Fashion of the Universidad Santo Tomás and through its modular project, the approach to the body is proposed from the monstrous as a place of the possibilities of creation, which allows exploring other dimensions of representation and body construction.
Derived from the above, eight projects are developed conceptually and materially in the period 2024-1 as part of Module 1: design and identities that covers the first and second semester of the course, where it is built, based on the reflections on identity, a narrative that challenges and deconstructs the hegemonic imaginaries that fashion has imposed on certain corporealities and corporealities. This in order to broaden the spectrum of fashion to a plurality of representations and that first semester students at the beginning of their specific training in fashion, led from the costume and clothing workshop I, are able to propose from the problematization and exploration of historically marginalized imaginaries.
Lignocellulose nanofiber and starch for surface application on recycled linerboard
Authors: Hasanpour Ghazal , Khosravani Amir , Tajvidi Mehdi , Rezayati Charani Pejman
Published: September 2024

In a paper production line, starch is widely used for surface treatment and strengthening of linerboard at a size press. Also, the application of lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) is growing because of its relatively low production energy demand, cost, and less hydrophilic nature in comparison to lignin-free nanofibers. Therefore, the addition of LCNFs to starch for paper surface treatment to reinforce the starch film and improve certain physical and mechanical properties of recycled linerboard was investigated in this work. Various LCNF/starch ratios were homogenized and then applied on the paperboard surface. The results revealed that a low mixing ratio of LCNF (5%) with starch improved the tensile index of the recycled paperboard, and at 50% LCNF content in the surface-treating material, film forming on the linerboard was observed in field emission-scanning electron microscopy images. In the case of 95% LCNF addition to starch, bending stiffness was significantly increased. Additionally, the viscosity of the sizing suspension was studied as a crucial parameter in the process and was found to increase significantly following the addition of LCNF.
5-Azacytidine treatment inhibits the development of lung cancer models via epigenetic reprogramming and activation of cellular pathways with anti-tumor activity
Authors: Munteanu Raluca Andrada , Moldovan Cristian Silviu , Tigu Adrian Bogdan , Drula Rares , Feder Richard , Magdo Lorand , Jurj Ancuta , Raduly Lajos , Budisan Liviuta , Pirlog Radu , Moldovan Alin , Zimta Alina Andreea , Braicu Cornelia , Preda Alexandra , Munteanu Vlad , Romitan Mihai , Gulei Diana , Ciuleanu Tudor Eliade
Published: September 2024

Background and aims. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment is challenged by late detection and limited therapeutic options. Aberrant DNA methylation, a common epigenetic alteration in NSCLC, offers new therapeutic avenues. This study aims to evaluate the combined effects of 5-Azacytidine (5- Aza), an epigenetic modifier, and ionizing radiation (IR) on NSCLC, exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.
Methods. In this study, we examined the effects of 5-Aza combined with IR in both in vitro and in vivo models of NSCLC. Five human NSCLC cell lines were treated with 5-Aza and IR. Cell viability, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell migration assays were performed to assess treatment effects. Microarray and qPCR analyses were conducted to identify gene expression changes. Additionally, subcutaneous and orthotopic xenograft models were used to evaluate the treatment’s efficacy in vivo.
Results. Treatment with 5-Aza and IR resulted in significant reductions in cell viability, colony formation, and migration in NSCLC cell lines. Microarray analysis revealed significant changes in gene expression, including the upregulation of apoptosis-related genes and the downregulation of cell proliferation-related genes. In vivo studies demonstrated a notable reduction in tumor growth and metastasis in both subcutaneous and orthotopic NSCLC models following 5-Aza and IR treatment. Histological and bioluminescent imaging confirmed the therapeutic effects of the combined treatment.
Conclusions. The combination of 5-Aza and IR shows promise as an effective treatment for NSCLC, enhancing apoptosis and reducing tumor growth through epigenetic modulation.
Predicates in Linguistics as Tools for Analysing the Meaning of Words and Terms
Authors: Śliwa Dorota
Published: September 2024

The aim of the article is to underline the predicative character of the meaning of a lexeme and the coherence of the conceptual system underlying (ontological entity) the first meaning of a lexeme (word or term). After distinguishing between meaning and concept, then concept in knowledge engineering and concept in cognitive linguistics based on realist metaphysics, the author presents the Aristotelian predicate as that which expresses at the metalinguistic level the properties of a conceptualised entity of reality. It is characterised by different levels of expression and is linked to ontological structure. An ‘essentialist legacy’ of Aristotle's predicates is realised in essentialist definitions in natural language. They are studied in lexicographic and terminological definitions. The predicates that have their predicative structures in the ontological structure of an entity are illustrated by examples of French and Polish predicates of eagles taken from lexicographical definitions and ornithological terms. They are also used to analyse precisely the metaphors of the parts of an aircraft inherited from the properties of a bird, thus demonstrating the metaphorical conceptualisations specific to each speaking community. The method of analysing the meaning of a word using an Aristotelian predicate makes it possible to separate the ontological level from the level of signifiers, and makes it operational for application to formal language.
Dangerous waves of the Caspian Sea and life safety
Authors: Agaev Tahir , Mammadov Javanshir , Suleymanli Dilshad
Published: September 2024

The article examines the wind regime and conditions for the formation of dangerous waves in the Caspian Sea. In the Caspian Sea, storm winds from northern and southern directions experience significant acceleration and generate large waves in the deep parts of the sea. Based on the analysis, it was revealed that throughout the year, winds from the north (NW, N, NE) and south (SE, S) directions prevail over the Caspian, where the average wind speed within the sea varies between 4-7 m/s. Changes in wind speed across the Caspian by month are represented graphically. It was determined that winds on the sea surface lead to the formation of high waves, which largely determine the conditions for the formation of the upper water layer, the depth of the thermocline, and serve as an important relief-forming factor in the coastal zone of the Caspian Sea. From the investigation over the last 10 years, it was determined that the Caspian Sea is characterized by the fact that the influence of meridional atmospheric processes is expressed more intensely and vividly. In conclusion, these processes can be defined by means of climatic factors, such as destructive storm winds over the sea, which are due to the intrusion of temperate maritime air. Sea disturbances lead to the formation of dangerous natural processes. As a result of the investigation, it was determined that the invasion of cold air leads to the formation of cloud ridges of convective cloudiness over the Caspian Sea, observed on satellite images due to the passage of cold air over a warm water surface. «Cloud streets» are formed – ridges of convective cloudiness – which can often be observed over the Caspian Sea and adjacent territories during the cold season. As an example, an experiment was conducted, which showed on the satellite image from January 10, 2008, that stratocumulus clouds aligned along the axis from north to south in the direction of the prevailing wind over the Caspian Sea. They formed «cloud streets», which are associated with the advection of cold air over warm and moist air over the water surface. They disrupt the normal operation of maritime transport, destroy communication systems, bringing them to a non-functional state, and strong waves are formed in the sea and other water bodies. The joint use of ground and space information can contribute to urgent measures to reduce the destruction and loss of life from storm waves.
Modeling of soil erosion based on geospatial techniques and the RUSLE model for the Ugam Chatkal National Park, Uzbekistan
Authors: Juliev Mukhiddin , Kholmurodova Madinabonu , Gafurova Lazizakhon , Khoshjanova Kamila , Khomidov Avazjon , Agzamova Inobat , Normatova Nasiba , Gulyamov Giyosiddin , Muratova Matluba , Gulamkadirova Mukhbira
Published: September 2024

Soil erosion significantly impacts agriculture and the environment, posing threats to food security, economic stability, and social development . Today, modern technologies are effectively used by world scientists to assess soil erosion and take measures against it. This study leverages modern technological advancements for the evaluation and management of soil erosion, specifically within the Ugam Chatkal National Park in Tashkent region. This research employed Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model to assess erosion processes and quantify annual soil loss in the park. Thematic layers (R,P,C,K,LS) for this model were created using GIS. In this way, the impact of each factor on soil erosion can be seen more clearly. According to the obtained results, it was found that the R and LS factors have a greater effect on soil erosion than the other factors. Findings indicate a heightened susceptibility of the Ugam Chatkal National Park to water erosion. The estimated average annual soil erosion rate ranges between 0.00 and 250 tons per hectare per year (t ha-1 yr-1). The results underscore the need for developing and implementing strategic measures to prevent water erosion in the park and to mitigate its impacts. The study emphasizes the importance of current technologies in recognizing and addressing environmental issues, particularly soil erosion, which has far-reaching implications for ecological preservation and sustainable development. This study not only sheds light on the erosion dynamics of the Ugam Chatkal National Park, but it also stresses the critical importance of taking proactive actions to protect the park’s ecological integrity. Failure to treat erosion in time could result in lasting damage to the park’s rich biodiversity and scenic vistas. The integration of modern technologies such as GIS and the RUSLE model not only enhances our understanding of soil erosion processes but also empowers conservation efforts, offering a promising pathway towards ensuring the long-term sustainability of natural ecosystems.
Algorithm for constructing unmeasured logging curves (pseudo-logging) in wells of developed fields
Authors: Seidov Vagif M. , Aghayeva Maleyka A.
Published: September 2024

In many cases, the diagrams of some logs in an old well of producing fields are not recorded for some reason or another. Currently, the importance of reassessing the efficiency of such fields is obvious, while the absence of some log curves causes great difficulties. In particular very few studies with acoustic logging (AL) have been carried out in old wells. On the other hand, in 1960-80, among the studies carried out in wells, preference was given to various types of electrical logging (EL), neutron-gamma logging (NGL), and gamma ray logging (GRL). To overcome such difficulties, it is necessary to create diagrams of unmeasured well logs or pseudo-logs. Nowadays, there are methods for constructing pseudolog curves. For example, the method of statistical analysis is widely used. However, in most cases, their implementation is very complex and requires a lot of work. We have developed a new method to construct pseudo-log curves. At first, the propagation velocity of elastic waves in rocks is studied based on seismic survey (SS) and AL data, which are performed presently on the investigation field. Based on this information, objects of interest to the oil industry are selected, their geometric dimensions are determined, the contour of oil and gas saturation is assessed, areas with abnormally high reservoir pressure are studied, the process of accumulation deposition is re-examined, and the preparation of an optimal well network diagram for the effective exploitation of the field is determined. Further, based on the long-ago measured curves of electrical loggings and neutron-gamma logging, we obtain the pseudo-log AL curve in old boreholes and the data SS. The proposed method was tested in 48 wells in the Bahar field (Azerbaijan). The method has shown high efficiency, its reliability is confirmed by independent data. The results of the method help in solving several geological problems: monitoring changes in petrophysical quantities of rocks between wells during development; study of well formations located below the design depth; recalculation of hydrocarbon reserves; determination of the location for drilling new wells, etc
Chemistry of biotite as petrogenetic discriminators of plutonic and volcanic granitoids from south-central Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa
Authors: Teha Koffi Raoul , Brou Koffi Joseph , Kouadio Fossou Jean-Luc Hervé , Kouamelan Alain Nicaise
Published: September 2024

Chemical compositions of biotite have been used to understand the petrogenesis of intrusive and extrusive magmatic rocks. Central southern Côte d’Ivoire is home to a wide variety of lithologies, including granodiorites, tonalites, and dacites. In this paper, we compare biotites from intrusive rocks with those from extrusive rocks. We used the composition of the mineral to describe the nature of the granitic magma and estimate the temperature at which the studied rocks were emplaced. Grano- diorite and tonalite are composed of biotite, hornblende, plagioclase, apatite, magnetite, and ilmenite. Dacite contains the minerals biotite, muscovite, quartz, and plagioclase. This work has shown contrasts in composition between biotites. The biotites in the intrusive rocks are muscovite-free. Some of these biotites coexist with amphiboles, while others are not accompanied by other ferromagnesian minerals. Some biotites in extrusive rocks are not accompanied by ferromagnesian minerals, while others coexist with muscovite. Extrusive rock biotites do not contain amphiboles. The major elements of the biotites show that they are located between the annite and siderophyllite poles. However, biotites in granodiorites and tonalites are rich in AlIV, giving them a siderophyllite tendency, while biotites in extrusive rocks, which are low in AlIV, converge towards the annite pole. The biotites in the intrusive rocks studied are rich in Mg (Mg-biotite) and Ti, while the biotites in the extrusive rocks studied appear to be rich in Fe (Fe-biotite) and Mn. Plutons could have formed in an orogenic setting from calc-alkaline magma in a subduction environment. Volcanic rocks are peraluminous. The intrusive rocks derive from I-type granites, while extrusive rocks appear to derive from S-type granites. Based on the incorporation of Ti into biotites, the rocks studied were emplaced in a temperature range estimated at 550-650°C at a pressure of 4-6 kbar.
The Frasnian stage of the Upper Devonian in Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic (Southern Transcaucasia)
Authors: Teymurzade Leman T.
Published: September 2024

Marine carbonate-terrigenous deposits of the Lower (partially), Middle, and Upper Devonian, rich in coral-brachiopod and other fauna, are widespread across the territory of the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic. Various ore and non-metallic minerals are associated with these deposits: the Gyumushlug and Yaydzhinsky polymetallic deposits, etc. Further ex-pansion of the mineral resources of the study area, as well as the challenges associated with the establishment of large-scale geological mapping in this region, make the development of a detailed stratigraphic scheme crucial. An indispensable condition for the creation of such a scheme is the study of the most characteristic groups of ancient organisms, among which brachiopods play a dominant role in the organic world. Devonian deposits in the Southern Transcaucasus are distributed over a limited area – in the western part of the Na- khchivan Autonomous Republic – but they are widespread here and are represented by all three well-characterized faunal divisions. For the first time, a diagram has been compiled, reflecting the sequence of appearance and distribution over time of Devonian brachiopods. On this basis, a scheme for the zonal division of the Devonian deposits in the region has been developed, identifying 20 biostratigraphic zones and 16 stratigraphic units (formations). This study summarizes the scattered information contained in various sources on the paleontology and stratigraphy of the Devonian period in the region. The identified brachiopod zones are linked to standard conodont zones. The great importance of brachiopods is determined by the fact that they are one of the most effective groups of fauna not only for dating sediments in natural outcrops, but they also provide good results for broad interregional correlations. Based on the macrofaunal complex, the Frasnian age of the sediments within the formation in question is firmly established. A detailed biostratigraphic scheme with zonal division of the Devonian deposits of Transcaucasia was developed, based on the most important stages in the development of the brachiopod fauna. Biostratigraphic zones, formations, and subformations identified in the Devonian deposits of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic and adjacent areas, based on the study of the entire complex of organic remains, mainly brachiopods and cono- donts, can be compared with corresponding deposits of typical sections of Western Europe (Ardennes and Eifel Mountains) and many regions of Eurasia. The obtained data are of practical importance for theoretical geologists, prospectors and developers.
Family Contribution to Social Interaction Behavior of Down Syndrome Children
Authors: Suryanti Yanti , Rahman Mohammad Taufiq
Published: September 2024

The research objectives were to discover the social behavior built between the family environment and children with Down syndrome and to know the social interactions of children with Down syndrome with family, friends, schools, and the community. The theory used in this study is the theory of Symbolic Interactionism, which considers structural factors, namely society. According to Mead's observations, the concept of self, which he refers to determines the will, desires, and ambitions of human beings, also has a conception that considers the circumstances around them. Always influenced by internal interactions associated with the state of society. This study uses a descriptive method with qualitative data types. This research is located in Cibeureum Village, Kertasari District, Bandung Regency. The researcher chose this location because it is close to where the author lives, so it can facilitate research in obtaining research data. The subject of this research is family. The results of this study indicate that the family environment is seen as the main determining factor in child development. Therefore, the family's contribution to parenting children with Down syndrome must be well established. Good socialization will make it easier for children to adjust to society later.
Public Perception in the Development of Curug Parigi Tourism of Bekasi City, Indonesia
Authors: Hardiyanti Siti , Rahman Fathan Tibyan
Published: September 2024

The development of Curug Parigi tourism in Bekasi City is intended to create a beautiful Bekasi City tourism and build a better community economy. This research aims to discover the mechanism for developing Curug Parigi tourism in Bekasi City and the results of Curug Parigi tourism development in Bekasi City. The theory used in this study is the theory of modernization development from Alex Inkeles and David H. Smith as the core theory and Talcott Parsons' structural-functional theory as the operational theory, as a foundation function to understand and strengthen conditions or phenomena in the field. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method that describes and explains the area. Using observational data collection techniques, in-depth interviews, documentation, and literature studies in the Cikiwul Village. The data analysis was carried out using qualitative data analysis. The results of this study indicate that the entry of industrialization in the city of Bekasi in 2000 did not necessarily make the community progress and get used to the changes that occurred in their lives. It took years to adapt to modern life so that after people get used to changing, they can utilize and develop natural potential, namely Curug Parigi. The development of Curug Parigi invites many perceptions in society. Many people are happy with the result of the beautiful Parigi waterfall. There are also many people's opinions who are disappointed because the development of the Parigi waterfall is not perfect because the facilities needed in a tourist attraction have yet to be fulfilled.
Examining the President's 2024 Election Strategy through Weberian Conflict Theory
Authors: Holqi Fikri Gali Fernando , Zulfa Arinda Maulidya
Published: September 2024

As Head of State, a President has a very vital role in efforts to maintain state sovereignty. However, in the 2024 general election in Indonesia, the President reaped negative sentiments identified as the term "Dynastic Politics," which could potentially damage the democratic system. This research is oriented toward identifying and analyzing the President's political leadership strategy in the 2024 election by implementing Weberian conflict theory. Actualize the qualitative description approach with the type of literature study. The data collected will be understood, recorded, and analyzed using Weberian conflict theory. Then, conclusions can be drawn with deductive patterns. The study results stated that charismatic leaders in this regard are more than just fixated on traditional principles of authority, as Weber argues. But also charismatic leaders who are on formal legal authority (President). The President, in this case, carries out a political strategy to form a political dynasty by using the existence of his charismatic leadership. By maintaining legitimacy rather than democratic principles, this strategy will continue to create conflicts with negative implications for charismatic leaders.
Reintegrating Poso: A Comparative Study of Islam and Christianity in Sayo and Pamona Villages
Authors: Ruagadi Henry Anderson
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze Post-Conflict Social Reintegration in Poso. Post-conflict social reintegration in Poso needs to be carried out to realize lasting peace in Poso Regency and prevent the recurrence of conflicts. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out by interviewing 24 Muslim and Christian informants in Sayo and Pamona Villages. The results of the study found: 1. Social Reintegration of Islam and Christianity in Sayo Village and Pamona Village after the Poso Conflict, namely building trust between Muslims and Christians by Cultivating tolerance, mutual respect, appreciation, living and loving; increasing the role of religious leaders in providing soothing spiritual watering; instilling an attitude of loyalty in citizens; instilling an attitude of mutual trust through family education. Common identity, joint activities, and pro-reintegration policymaking also strengthened it. In realizing reintegration, Muslims and Christians have a strong desire to realize lasting peace. Finally, there are three values of Sintuwu Maroso as the most effective Local Wisdom in integrating Islamic and Christian societies after the Poso Conflict, namely: Tuwu Metubunaka, Mombepatuwu and Mombepomawo. These three values are infused and applied by Muslims and Christians in Sayo and Pamona Villages to blend in with each other, coexist, stay away from prejudice, accept each other and respect each other.
Training of future ship engineers and electricians by means of competence, communicative and interdisciplinary approaches
Authors: Liashenko Uliana
Published: September 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of future ship engineers and electricians education by means of competence, communicative and interdisciplinary approaches;
emphasis is placed on the interdisciplinary connections of the disciplines of different cycles of training; it is underlined that the process of future seafarers education should be based on a competent, communicative and interdisciplinary approach, which will provide future specialists with efficiency in acquiring knowledge, skills and abilities.
The important competencies are defined in research by the educational goals of the competency-based approach that include knowledge and understanding (theoretical knowledge of an academic discipline, the ability to know and understand); knowledge of how to act (practical or operational application of knowledge in certain situations); knowledge of how to live (values as an integral element of perception and coexistence with others in a social context).
The interdisciplinary approach is an interdisciplinary movement of knowledge towards integrity, which involves a systematic study of the object and is a logical result of changes in each of the interacting knowledge systems, and is the source of the emergence of new trends towards their integration.
The study notes that the use of competency-based and interdisciplinary approaches contributes to the effective planning of professional training of a specialist; the analysis of the situation with the influence of interdisciplinary and competence approaches on the sequence of presentation of educational material when studying the disciplines of different training cycles allows to say that the use of these approaches contributes both to the in-depth assimilation of knowledge and skills by cadets and enriches their horizons allowing to establish relationships and interdependencies in the process of their education.
Attention is drawn to the fact that the communicative approach in studying the disciplines of the cycle of humanitarian and socio-economic education will contribute not only to communicative knowledge and skills (frequency, accuracy in formulating statements, the correct use of existing samples and the construction of one's own), but will also produce such universal skills as teamwork, creativity, flexibility, etc.
It has been proven that there is a need to apply the principles of interdisciplinary and competency-based approaches in educational and professional programs, training programs, curricula for more effective mastery of the future profession by ship engineers and electricians