bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aliando o patrimônio cultural ao geopatrimônio: um roteiro geoturístico costeiro no município de Cabedelo, Paraíba (Nordeste do Brasil)
Authors: Pereira Luciano Schaefer , Cunha Lúcio Sobral
Published: October 2021

A dinâmica marinha em ambiente costeiro, entrelaçada ao fluxo turístico, o torna uma área de conflito e instabilidade, aumentando, ainda mais, os impactos ambientais deletérios. Desse modo, o espaço requer um planejamento rigoroso para amenizar os riscos. Por outro lado, a partir de valores como o estético e o científico, os ambientes costeiros, paradoxalmente, possuem um grande potencial geoturístico, próprio de sua dinâmica natural, normalmente pouco explorado, especialmente no Brasil. O Município de Cabedelo, no Estado da Paraíba, corresponde a uma extensa restinga margeada, a leste, pelo Rio Paraíba e, a oeste, pelo Oceano Atlântico. O presente artigo propõe um roteiro geoturístico que inclui quatro locais de interesse: Areia Vermelha, um banco de areia que emerge nas marés baixas, depositado sobre arenitos praiais; as Ruínas de Almagre, de origem jesuítica, datadas do século XVI, construídas com calcário e arenitos ferruginosos; a Fortaleza de Cabedelo, remanescente do triângulo defensivo construído, a partir do final do século XVI, pelos portugueses e que utiliza os mesmos georecursos de Almagre e; a Praia do Jacaré, uma praia fluvial, de onde é possível observar extensos manguezais, em sua margem direita e largos terraços fluviais, preenchidos por cana-de-açúcar, na margem esquerda.A existência de roteiros geointerpretativos assinam uma nova função aos itinerários, agora com vies geoturístico, ao enriquecer a experiência dos turistas, oferecendo a oportunidade de conhecer o meio abiótico e cultural de uma outra perspectiva, sem esquecer da necessária consciência ambiental.
Aplicações de elementos da teoria das catástrofes ao estudo da (re)produção do espaço urbano: parte 2 – a representação morfológica
Authors: Araújo James Amorim
Published: October 2021

Este artigo possui como objeto de investigação a releitura da (re)produção do espaço do habitar em Salvador/BA a partir da noção de morfologia hierárquica estratifica, proposta por Henri Lefebvre (1978) com base na Teoria das Catástrofes de René Thom (1972). Nossa problemática foi decifrar a transformação da habitação em mercadoria a partir de uma interpretação do espaço enquanto morfologia. O método de procedimento empregado transitou do diacrônico ao sincrônico em três amostras da morfologia urbana, a partir do que consideramos ser o processo de constituição da mercadoria-habitação. Os resultados alcançados reforçam as evidências da ocorrência de uma catástrofe capitalista ao longo do século XX e a imposição de uma morfologia espacial mais complexa pela qual a habitação reitera a reprodução do capital, mas não de forma homogênea. Concluímos que a noção de morfologia hierárquica estratificada contribui para o aprofundamento da análise da produção do espaço.
Quem ganha e quem perde com a falta de proteção aos manguezais?: aspectos da Resolução Conama n°303/2002
Authors: Santos Ana Lucia Gomes dos , Furlan Sueli Angelo
Published: October 2021

Quem ganha e quem perde com a falta de proteção aos manguezais? Essa é a pergunta norteadora da pesquisa, que teve como objetivo analisar se a atual legislação ambiental brasileira protege de fato o ecossistema manguezal. Para auxiliar essa reflexão, o presente trabalho utilizou como método a pesquisa documental, apresentando uma retrospectiva sobre a legislação ambiental, com início nas Cartas Régias, promulgadas durante o Brasil Colônia, passando por leis, decretos, resoluções, entre outras normas, até os regulamentos referendados em 2020. Também apresentou o papel do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente – CONAMA, órgão do Ministério do Meio Ambiente responsável por estabelecer critérios para o licenciamento ambiental, controle e manutenção da qualidade do meio ambiente, além disso, analisou o processo de revogação e validação da Resolução Conama n°303/2002. A revogação ocorreu durante a 135ª Reunião Ordinária do Conama, em 28 de setembro de 2020, evento que suscitou a referida indagação. A existência de normas legais que regulamentam a conservação dos manguezais é imprescindível para que esse ecossistema continue como Área de Preservação Permanente em toda a sua extensão, conforme previsto na atual legislação ambiental brasileira. A revogação desta resolução pode ser considerada um retrocesso para os direitos ambientais adquiridos. Desta forma, essa norma deve ser mantida, visto a relevância da proteção aos ecossistemas tratados, especialmente os manguezais, devido a sua importância ecológica, social e também econômica.
Metanálise de pesquisas sobre inundações urbanas: identificação de fatores causais e métodos empregados em estudos recentes
Authors: Simas Iury Tadashi Hirota , Rodrigues Cleide , Cazaroto Pamela Cristina , Rodrigues Breno Schmidtke
Published: October 2021

No contexto de pesquisa mais ampla, com foco na investigação de fatores causais para ocorrências de inundações nas bacias urbanizadas de São Paulo, foi realizada pesquisa de metanálise sobre estudos que enfocaram inundações urbanas em diferentes perspectivas de análise dos campos do conhecimento correlatos (geomorfologia, climatologia, hidrologia, etc.). Buscou-se identificar relações entre conceitos mais associados, metodologias mais empregadas e fatores causais mais apontados. A metanálise foi realizada em duas etapas: uma mais extensiva, sobre base mundial de periódicos Web of Science, e uma de maior detalhe, sobre bases nacionais de periódicos e repositórios de teses e dissertações. Os dados da primeira etapa foram analisados por meio de mapeamento bibliométrico e os da segunda foram fichados e analisados qualitativamente.  A representatividade de pesquisas sobre inundações urbanas com origem em países do meio tropical foi considerada significativamente baixa. Na subárea da climatologia e meteorologia, identificou-se preponderância da associação de “inundações” às mudanças climáticas, enquanto na geomorfologia e geociências em geral, a associação mais comum ocorre entre a variável hidrológica do escoamento superficial e a impermeabilização urbana. Dentre as produções nacionais, as pesquisas são mais comumente desenvolvidas utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento e pesquisa histórica-documental, enquanto o uso de modelagem é dominante apenas na área da hidrologia. Os resultados corroboram com a hipótese original de trabalho, que considerou que as diferentes áreas do conhecimento diferem nas metodologias para abordagem do problema e, portanto, na identificação de variáveis causais, raramente considerando aquelas menos usuais em sua abordagem.
The Holy Sinful Church: Towards a More Realistic Catholic Ecclesiology
Authors: Porada Rajmund
Published: October 2021

This article demonstrates that in Roman Catholic ecclesiology, it would be more justifiable and realistic to fully accept the concept of the sinfulness of the Church as a whole, not only that of its individual members. The piece begins with a short review and commentary on the doctrinal position of the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) that provides a doctrinal basis for adopting and developing the notion of a ‘sinful Church’. Then, two contemporary activities of the Roman Catholic Church are analysed in which the notion of the ‘sinful Church’ has played an important role: the Great Jubilee act of confession, with the related explanations and commentaries, and the ecumenical dialogue with Lutherans. The final section attempts to formulate some suggestions for a more realistic Catholic ecclesiology involving a ‘relativisation’ of the Church’s salvific mission and a wider use of the Chalcedonian Christological paradigm in ecclesiology.
Ligustrazine Reduces the Apoptosis of Synovial Cells in Knee Arthritis Rats by Inhibiting the Expression of Glucose Regulatory Protein 78 and CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein Beta (C/EBPb)
Authors: Jiang Housen , Zhang Kun , Zhao Liming , Li Yan
Published: October 2021

To investigate the effect of Ligustrazine on synovial cells and expression of GRP78 and C/EBPb in knee arthritis rats, 52 healthy SD rats, aged 10-15 months, weighing 185–225 g, were selected and fed routinely. According to the principle of random distribution, the experimental
rats were assigned into healthy group, arthritis group, ligustrazine 1 and 2 groups, with 13 rats in each group. HE staining was used to detect the pathological morphology. Mankin score was used to measure the severity of the disease. The apoptosis of synovial cells was assessed by flow cytometry.
col2α1 and VEGF levels were detected by RT-PCR and GRP78, XBP1 and C/EBP β levels were detected by Western blot. In the healthy group, the cells were scattered orderly, the cartilage surface was smooth, and the synovial tissue was not damaged; in the arthritis group,
the joint tissue was damaged, the synovial tissue proliferated and degenerated, the cells were disordered, and synovial pannus was produced; in Ligustrazine group 1 and Ligustrazine 2 groups had certain improvement, and the effect to Ligustrazine group 2 was more obvious. Mankin score of healthy
group was lower than arthritis group (P < 0.05) which had higher Mankin score than Ligustrazine 1 and 2 groups, and the Mankin score of Ligustrazine 2 group was lower than that of Ligustrazine 1 group (P < 0.05). Synovial cells apoptosis in healthy group was lower than
arthritis group (P < 0.05) which had higher apoptosis than Ligustrazine 1 group and ligustrazine 2 group (P < 0.05) with lower apoptosis for Ligustrazine 2 group (P < 0.05). The expressions of col2α1 mRNA and VEGF mRNA in healthy group were lower
than arthritis group (P < 0.05) which had higher levels than Ligustrazine 1 and 2 groups with Ligustrazine 2 group showing more obvious effects (P < 0.05). Arthritis group had significantly elevated levels of GRP78 and XBP1 and decreased C/EBP β levels (P
< 0.05). However, GRP78 and XBP1 levels in TMP-1 group and tmp-2 group were decreased and C/EBP β level was increased (P < 0.05). In a word, Ligustrazine can reduce the apoptosis of synovial cells, promote the repair of cartilage tissue and improve the condition of
knee arthritis rats by regulating the expression level of GRP78 and XBP1.
Fabrication of Photothermal Film for Deicing Process Based on Gold Nano-Aggregate Encapsulated Yolk-Shell Structure
Authors: Kim Geun Young , Im Gwang-Bum , Choe Hyun-Seok , Park Jeong-Min , Kim Jae-Hyuk , Bhang Suk Ho
Published: October 2021

Ice accumulation on vessels, airplanes, or on the off-shore plants surfaces causes major accidents and difficulties in operation. Therefore, highly efficient and environmentally friendly materials for use as deicing surfaces are in continuous demand. Accordingly, photothermal materials
have gained enormous attention owing to their outstanding performance in the removal of ice. Herein, a gold nano-aggregate yolk-shell structure (GNA-YS) was introduced as a deicing material. GNA-YS was homogeneously dispersed in photocurable polyurethane acrylate and used to fabricate a highly
efficient and sunlight-responsive GNA-YS film. Upon irradiation with an 810 nm light-emitting diode (LED) (135 mW cm−2), the temperature of the GNA-YS film increased by approximately 70 °C within 2 min, which rapidly (within 6 min) melted the accumulated ice. Moreover,
the GNA-YS film exhibited a temperature increase of 15 °C in a refrigerator under LED illumination for 1 min. Additionally excellent stability was confirmed through repeated experiments. The newly developed deicing GNA-YS film has prospective applicability in vessels or airplanes.
Empirical and Theoretical Evaluation of a Tree-Shaped DNA Nanostructure with a Looped Arm (L-DNA)
Authors: Kim Jeonghun , Ahn So Yeon , Um Soong Ho
Published: October 2021

Several nanostructures have been created with the advent of nanotechnology. DNA has been recognized as a new building block material in addition to its genetic coding role because of its unique features (e.g., intrinsic biocompatibility, precise tenability, specific selectivity). DNA
can be organized into a variety of self-assembled nanomaterials including a sphere, a ball, and even an emoticon. In particular, a tree-shaped DNA structure possessing characteristic fractural patterns is easily controlled by size and functionality and can be exploited in various fields. Here,
we report an empirical and theoretical evaluation of a Y-shaped tree DNA nanostructure with a looped arm (L-DNA). The synthesized L-DNAs were analyzed for thermal and structural stability. The melting temperature (Tm) of a Y-shaped DNA (Y-DNA) as a core unit and a model DNA nanostructure comprising
of central Y-DNA and looped arm were measured individually. According to the complexity (e.g., increased length of the single stranded DNA (ssDNA) used), its yield suddenly decreased with the generation of ssDNAs with distinctive secondary structures. A complicated DNA product is predicted
by considering the Tm of expected secondary structures, with increased Tm with respect to variation in salt concentrations. Therefore, the new DNA nanostructure may be utilized as a platform for various practical applications.
A Study on the Splitting of Large Gold Nanoparticles by Addition of Aqueous Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Noh HeeJin , Im Gwang-Bum , Yu Taekyung , Bhang Suk Ho
Published: October 2021

Control of the size and shape of nanoparticles significantly impacts the ability to control their physical and chemical properties. In this paper, we introduce a technique to split large nanoparticles into smaller ones. After the addition of ascorbic acid (AA), 50 nm-sized gold (Au)
nanoparticles in the form of polycrystals were split into nanoparticles with sizes of 10 nm. We believe that AA plays a critical role in breaking down the Au particles. Additionally, this technique can be used to synthesize small AuPt bimetallic nanoparticles with a small amount of Pt on their
surface showing that this reaction could help in the formation of a variety of small Au-based bimetallic nanoparticles.
Nanomaterials in the Sports Rehabilitation of Basketball Players After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Zhou Meifang , Han Bo
Published: October 2021

Nanomaterials have now become a hotspot and frontier in the medical world, with broad application prospects and industrial development space. This study explored the effects of knee-related training on knee-related activities and knee-related activities during arthroscopic anterior
cruciate ligament reconstruction. In this study, 100 cases of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy were used as the research object. They were divided into an observation group and a control group by random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The observation
group was given preoperative care and rehabilitation guidance, and the control group was given routine care. The normal walking recovery rate and total knee mobility of the two groups were compared. Two months after surgery, the normal gait, normal knee joint mobility, and knee joint mobility
of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The number of normal gait in the observation group was 41, accounting for 82% of the total number of observation groups; the number of knees with full angle or more in the observation group was 43, accounting
for 86% of the total number of observation groups; normal gait in the control group The number was 23, which accounted for 46% of the total number of observation groups; the number of full-angle knees in the control group was 20, which accounted for 40% of the total number of observation groups.
The results show that the guidelines and related nursing for knee training before arthroscopic osteotomy reduction can be improved, and the operation can strengthen the knee function.
Preparation of Bio-Inert Carbon Nanofiber Scaffold and Its Effect of Postoperative Injury Nursing and Repair of Bone Tissue
Authors: Zhang Ning , Xing Xiaoli , Li Pingping
Published: October 2021

In this research, the characteristics of the bioactive glass (AG) and bio-inert carbon nanofibers (Cnano) in the bone formation was explored. The AG was prepared by sol–gel and combined with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) by electrospinning. Then, Cnano loaded with AG nanoparticles was
prepared by carbonization. During the preparation process, the material supply ratio of the sol–gel precursor was changed to obtain 3 nanofiber scaffold materials (Canno/AG_01, Canno/AG_02, and Canno/AG_03). First, the release behavior of silicon ions, calcium ions, and phosphorus ions
was investigated during the material preparation process, and Transwell was used for cabin culture, so that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) did not directly contact the materials. Besides, the expression levels of osteogenic differentiation genes in different culture sites were
detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. There was an evaluation of the influences of increased AG content on trauma nursing and chondrocyte apoptosis in vitro. Finally, bone marrow blood mononuclear cells (BMWM) combined with Canno/AG materials were
used for clinical research on skull repair. In the experiment, the ion dissolution levels of different prepared materials were different, but they had little effect on the proliferation of BMSCs. Canno/AG_02 with the highest level of silicon ion dissolution had good osteogenic differentiation
ability, and RT-PCR proved that contact culture could markedly promote the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs cells based on the prepared fiber morphology and cell contact effect. Moreover, Canno/AG_02 could be used as the wound dressing for skull fracture to achieve the nursing and
rehabilitation effect of wound closure and promoting angiogenesis, and BMWM loaded with Canno/AG_02 could accelerate the tissue healing speed of patients with damaged skull defect.
Preparation of Nano Electrospinning Covered Stent and Its Application in the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysm with CT Diagnosis
Authors: Wang Yulong , Zhai Shuiting , Xing Jianwu , He Yingkun , Li Tianxiao
Published: October 2021

In the process of tissue regeneration or organ reconstruction, tissue engineering scaffolds provide strong structural support for the function of seed cells, which enables tissue engineering technology to be implemented. In the treatment of intracranial aneurysm, from the perspective
of endovascular treatment, the emulsion electro-spinning method is used and the lactic acid caprolactone copolymer is taken as the matrix material to design a kind of vascular arterial stent with heparin loaded nanofibers as a film covering layer. SEM confirms that the stent has a good nanofiber
structure, and TEM suggests that the core layer containing fluorescein is evenly distributed around the stent. Fourier transform infrared reflection (FTIR) shows that heparin is successfully loaded into the stent. WCA test indicates that heparin loading can improve the hydrophilicity of stent.
In vitro biocompatibility/hemocompatibility test shows that the stent has good compatibility, but inhibits the proliferation of L929 and PIEC cells. With the stent as the film covering layer, the heparin loaded nanofiber stent for small vascular aneurysms successfully prepared has achieved
good results in the treatment of intracranial aneurysm. CT imaging of patients treated with vascular arterial stent shows that heparin in tumor site degrades with time, which makes CT signal in mice change with time. At the same time, aneurysms gradually disappear with the implantation of
covered stent. After implantation 30 d, the blood vessels of the implanted site are unobstructed and no thrombus appears.
Preparation of Polyethylene Glycol-Poly Lactic Acid Water-Soluble Nano-Particles and Its Effect on the Proliferation, Metastasis, and Angiogenesis of Liver Cancer Cells
Authors: He Juan , Li Song , Liu Junli
Published: October 2021

The onset of the disease is secretive, and the accuracy of early diagnosis is not high. Patients will lose the opportunity of surgical treatment because of severe liver cirrhosis and cancer cell metastasis. Vanib nano-drug was prepared in this study by a polymer, which was used for
in vitro research of liver cancer cells. First, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-poly lactic acid (PLA) and Vanib were dissolved in acetone to form a mixed solution, and then, water-soluble nano-particles were obtained by ultrasonic and deionized water. Then, the nano-particles were modified
by iRGD and characterized by electron microscopy, DLS, and in vitro release. Besides, CCK-8, flow cytometry apoptosis test, flow cytometry cell cycle test, Transwell cell invasion and metastasis test, and angiogenesis test were applied to detect the effect of the nano-drug on the proliferation,
cell metastasis, and angiogenesis of liver cancer cells. The results showed that Vanib nano-particles inhibited the proliferation of liver cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, and induced apoptosis to G1 block. What’s more, Vanib nano-particles reduced cell viability in a Caspase-dependent
manner, thereby inducing cell death. The Vanib nano-particles up-regulated the expression of P21 and also inhibited the cyclins Cyclin E2 and Cycllin B, thereby blocking the cell cycle process. In addition, Vanib nano-particles and free Vanib could inhibit the activity of human umbilical vein
endothelial cells (HUVECs) and angiogenesis, which proved that the prepared Vanib nano-particles could effectively curb the growth of liver cancer cells.
Expression Mechanism of miR-10b in Cervical Cancer Under Treatment of Methoxy-Polyethylene Glycol-Polylactic Drug-Loaded Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhou Yayan , Fang Minjie , Yang Dong , Yan Maosheng , Gong Long , Tan Zhanhong , Liu Jingwen , Li Xianming
Published: October 2021

This work aimed to analyze expression mechanism of micro ribonucleic acid (RNA)-10b (miR-10b) in cervical cancer (CC) based on Curcumin-monomethoxy polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid-drug-loaded nanoparticles (CUR-MPEG-PLA DLNPs). 36 Kunming mice were selected and randomly rolled into group A and group B, and 18 nude mice were deemed as controls. CUR-MPEG-PLA DLNPs were prepared for the treatment of 18 Kunming mice in group A. The CC tumor tissues of 36 Kunming mice were harvested, the miR-10b of CC cells was extracted, and the expression level of CC cells was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results showed that the average particle size of CUR-MPEG-PLA DLNPs was 362.52±6.34 nm. The tumor inhibition rate of Kunming mice in group A against CC tumor strains 63.35±3.62% was considerably superior to those in group B (26.31 ±2.54%) (P< 0.05). In group A, expression rate of miR-10b (77.78%) was remarkably superior to controls (55.55%) (x2= 2.364,P< 0.05). In 20 cases of CC tissues with positive expression of latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1), expression of miR-10b in metastasis group was obviously higher relative to non-metastasis group (Z= −3.214,P< 0.05). In 16 cases of CC tissues with negative expression of LMP-1, expression of miR-10b in metastasis group was also considerably higher versus non-metastasis group (Z= −2.245,P< 0.05). In conclusion, the average particle size of CUR-MPEG-PLA DLNPs was 362.52 ±6.34 nm, the electromotive force was −9.23 mV, the dispersion coefficient was 0.064, the drug loading rate of nanoparticles was 8.54%, and the encapsulation rate was 72.36%. miR-10b has certain correlation with the metastasis of cervical cancer. LMP-1 gene has the function of promoting the metastasis of cervical cancer tumor cells, which may be dependent on miR-10b. CUR-MPEG-PLA DLNPs loading system can inhibit tumor growth obviously, and has excellent therapeutic effect in CC disease.
Visualising global currents of international students between 1999 and 2018
Authors: Gu Hengyu , Xu Zhibin , Zheng Jiansong , Shen Tiyan
Published: October 2021

The flows of international students are like the currents of the oceans, not only affecting the individuals adrift in them but the global circulation of policy, economics and academics as a whole, bearing pros and cons for each country or region along the way. To date, there has not been a detailed and elaborate description of the fluxes of international students over decades. In light of the research gap, the article utilises the chord diagram to draw threads between each pair of origin and destination of international students in the last 20 years and divides the periods into four main phases. With each phase exhibiting its specific features, we have tentatively concluded that the global student mobility structure has evolved from Arterial (1999–2003), Breakthrough (2004–2008) to Catch-Up (2009–2013), and lastly, Diversification (2014–2018). Corresponding reasons underpinning each change of the migration flows are also discussed briefly in the article.
Linking Incidents to Customers (LINC): An Algorithm for Linking Incidents to Rail Customer Delays Inspired by Traffic Flow Theory
Authors: Eichler Michael
Published: October 2021

Rail transit agencies have greatly advanced the ability to measure delays to rail system customers and have developed key performance indicators for rail systems based on customer travel time. The ability for operators to link these customer delay metrics to root causes would provide great benefit to agencies, from incident response improvement to capital program prioritization. This paper describes a method for linking late train arrivals to both late customers and incident tickets. Inspired by traffic flow theory, the method identifies impact zones in time and space that can then be linked to a potential root cause by way of incident tickets. This algorithm is currently under development by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority’s Office of Planning, and its outputs are being integrated into a variety of operations- and capital-related business processes.
Influence of cell opening methods on organic solvent removal during pretreatment in lithium-ion battery recycling
Authors: Werner Denis Manuel , Mütze Thomas , Peuker Urs Alexander
Published: October 2021

The use and development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are promoting the technological transformation of individual mobility, consumer electronics and electric energy storage. At their end of life, the complex compounds are disposed by different recycling technologies with defined secondary raw material production. The applied depollution temperatures of the process routes influence not only the recycling efficiency but also the process expenditure, design, medium and costs. Different pretreatment strategies in terms of dismantling depth and depollution temperature are existing. Furthermore, manual and mechanical methods for cell opening are distinguished, which together with the depollution leads to a respective organic solvent evaporation. In this contribution to LIB recycling, the influence of different dismantling depths, achieved by manual cell opening, on the thermal depollution of the LIB cells regarding the mass difference originating by organic solvent evaporation are quantified, in order to determine cell and equipment properties for a safe cell opening. As a result, combinations of thermal depollution and manual cell opening are discussed regarding technical and economic feasibility. The process medium and equipment properties for a safe cell opening are determined. Furthermore, recommendations for future industrial LIB waste management are presented.
Predictive Factors of Mental Health in Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Chile
Authors: Labra-Valerdi Paloma , Chacón-Moscoso Salvador , Sanduvete-Chaves Susana
Published: October 2021

Studies about violence against women specific to the Chilean population are scarce. As a result, government treatment programs lack a local perspective. Predictor variables were analyzed in the mental health of Chilean women who have survived intimate partner abuse. Two hundred and two women who made regular visits to public Women’s Centers participated in the study; on average, they had survived 11 years of abuse. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine what variable/s in the history of violence best predicted the mental health variables. Among other protective factors, an increase in both resilience and the time since the last violent episode yielded a reduction in levels of general psychological distress ( B = –1.836, p < .001 and B = 1.117, p < .001 respectively), post-traumatic stress disorder ( B = –1.243, p = .002 and B = 1.221, p < .001 respectively), and depression ( B = –1.822, p < .001 and B = 1.433, p < .001 respectively). The study also noted risk factors such as a high level of additional stressors, which in turn led to increased levels of general psychological distress ( B = 1.007, p = .005), post-traumatic stress disorder ( B = 0.928, p = .013), and depression ( B = 1.061, p = .016). The Women’s Center is the place where women feel most supported. To improve the effectiveness of treatments at these centers and aid in the recovery of women who have suffered from intimate partner violence, the predictive factors significantly related to mental health should be taken into account. This means prioritizing cases where the last episode of violence was more recent, addressing additional stressors, and promoting resilience.
Creating a Digital Trauma Informed Space: Chat and Text Advocacy for Survivors of Violence
Authors: Wood Leila , Hairston Dixie , Schrag Rachel Voth , Clark Erin , Parra-Cardona Ruben , Temple Jeff R.
Published: October 2021

There is little research on virtual service models like chat and text services in agencies that work with survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault (SA). This study fills a gap in the research by exploring how chat and text services are provided in one IPV and SA-focused community organization. We analyzed chat and text transcripts ( n = 392) from a large multiservice, multivictimization focused agency, and conducted interviews with 11 advocates providing chat and text services through the agency hotline. Staff interviews were analyzed using grounded theory and transcripts were analyzed using content analysis. Results indicate chat/text services provide a space for connection, resource provision, education, and access to resource gain in a timely, concise, and survivor-centered way. The five major goals for chat/text advocacy models include the following: (1) rapid access to support and connection; (2) identification of options and needs for each service user; (3) increased access to resources and supports; (4) expanded understanding of violence, abuse, and harm; and (5) improvement of survivor safety. The research team identified 15 general advocacy skills and 4 chat and text specific skills used by chat/text advocates to reach program goals. Findings highlight the utility of chat/text services for increasing access to support services for survivors of violence, particularly adolescents, emerging adults, those living with an abusive individual, and during times of emergency. Future research should continue to explore the promising practice modality of chat/text services for providing advocacy to underserved and hard-to-reach populations.
Mesoscale modeling and biocompatibility of nano-hydroxyapatite reinforced ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite
Authors: Verma Nishant , Keshri Anand Kumar , Pathak Himanshu , Zafar Sunny , Prasad Amit
Published: October 2021

This work aims to implement an efficient and accurate computational model to predict elastoplastic properties of UHMWPE/nano-HA bio-composite. Mean-field (MF) homogenization and finite element (FE) techniques are implemented to predict the elastoplastic behavior of composite. The predicted results obtained by MF and FE were compared and validated experimentally by fabricating the specimen using microwave-assisted compression molding. The axial and transverse moduli were increased by 49% at a 20% weight fraction of nano-HA. The hardening modulus was also found to be increased by 67%. Further, Degree of crystallinity (Xc) of fabricated composite specimens was determined using differential scanning calorimetry analysis. It was found that the Xc increased 34% with the addition of 20% weight fraction of nano-HA. In vitro, direct contact cytotoxicity and antibacterial test were performed to determine cell adhesion and bacterial behavior of the composite.
Free and forced vibration analysis of flyash/graphene filled laminated composite plates using higher order shear deformation theory
Authors: Parida Sarada P , Jena Pankaj C
Published: October 2021

The strength of the conventional composite plates can be enhanced by the use of additional fillers. These composite plates are often subjected to dynamic loading conditions which necessitate the study of their static and dynamic behavior. In this study, laminated composite plates (LCP) are fabricated by open layup process with epoxy as a base resin, E-glass fiber as reinforcement, and fillers: flyash and graphene. The fillers are included in order to improve the mechanical properties of the composite. The filler content in the composite is limited to 5% of the total volume. The weight percentage of fiber combined with fillers, treated as reinforcing constituents is limited to 60%. Graphene and flyash are added in different proportions to develop different kinds of LCPs. The free and forced vibrations of LCPs (using simple support end conditions) are measured by an indigenously developed low-cost vibration testing module. The experimental results have been used to validate the results obtained from the mathematical modeling by using fifth-order shear deformation theory and finite element approaches. Additionally, the effect of existing discontinuity in the LCP is studied. Circular holes of different dimensions at different locations are simulated in the numerical model and the consequences on modal frequencies are analyzed.
Comparison of different modeling methods toward predictive capability evaluation of the bonding strength of wood laminated products
Authors: Nazerian Morteza , Razavi Seyed Ali , Partovinia Ali , Vatankhah Elham , Razmpour Zahra
Published: October 2021

The main aim of this study is usability evaluation of different approaches, including response surface methodoloy, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, and artificial neural network models to predict and evaluate the bonding strength of glued laminated timber (glulam) manufactured using walnut wood layers and a natural adhesive (oxidized starch adhesive), with respect to this fact that using the modified starch can decrease the formaldehyde emission. In this survey, four variables taken as the input data include the molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea (1.12–1.52), nanocellulose content (0%–4%, based on the dry weight of the adhesive), the mass ratio of the oxidized starch adhesive to the urea formaldehyde resin (30:70–70:30), and the press time (4–8 min). In order to find the best predictive performance of each selected evaluation approach, different membership functions were used. The optimal results were obtained when the molar ratio, nanocellulose content, mass ratio of the oxidised starch, and press time were set at 1.22, 3%, 70:30, and 7 min, respectively. Based on the performance criteria including root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) obtained from the modeling of response surface methodology, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference network, and artificial neural network, it became evident that response surface methodology could offer a better prediction of the response with the lowest level of errors. Beside, artificial neural network and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system support the response surface methodology approach to evaluate bonding strength response with high precision as well as to determine the optimal point in fabrication of laminated products.
Complex shaped micro-channels generation using tools fabricated by AWJ milling process
Authors: Pal Vijay Kumar , Sharma Anuj Kumar
Published: October 2021

Fabrication of complex shape micro-channels is a major challenge for manufacturing industries. Currently in commercial applications, lithography and non-conventional machining processes like lasers, electro-discharge machining (EDM) and chemical etching are commonly used for fabrication of these channels. In the present work, a novel Abrasive water jet (AWJ) milling based tool fabrication strategy has been proposed and implemented to make micro-tools (die/ electrode). The path strategy for jet movement is considered in a manner to selectively remove metal from a piece of material such that the resulting three-dimensional features become the required die shape that can be used as tool for the texturing process. Micro-tool of complex shape as fabricated on hard material (EN 31) sheet of 12 mm thickness and its geometry were analysed by controlling the step over (SO) distance. Hydraulic control based hard press contact texturing setup was developed to analyse the performance of such fabricated tools. Experiments were conducted on soft materials like, PMMA, Copper, Brass, aluminium and Nylon. Taper along the depth of the channels was observed because of the taper of the tool during fabrication. During fabrication, width of the tool less than 200 μ m was found wavi in nature as there was not enough backing material present to bear the side wise jet pressure of impinging jet. Buckling on the tools was observed with tool height greater than 1 mm.
Gallic acid inhibits celecoxib-induced mitochondrial permeability transition and reduces its toxicity in isolated cardiomyocytes and mitochondria
Authors: Salimi A , Atashbar S , Shabani M
Published: October 2021

Background: Mitochondria are the main target organelles through which drugs and chemicals exert their toxic effect on cardiomyocytes. The mitochondria-related mechanisms of celecoxib-induced cardiotoxicity have been extensively studied. Accumulated evidence shows natural molecules targeting mitochondria have proven to be effective in preventing cardiotoxicity. Purpose: In the present study, we examined the ameliorative effect of gallic acid (GA) against celecoxib-induced cellular and mitochondrial toxicity in isolated cardiomyocytes and mitochondria. Research Design: The isolated cardiomyocytes and mitochondria were divided into various group, namely, control, celecoxib, celecoxib + GA (10, 50, and 100 µM). Several cellular and mitochondrial parameters such as cell viability, lipid peroxidation, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, and mitochondrial swelling were assessed in isolated cardiomyocytes and mitochondria. Results: Our results showed that administration of celecoxib (16 µg/ml) induced cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction at 6 h and 1 h, respectively, which is associated with lipid peroxidation intact cardiomyocytes, mitochondrial ROS formation, MMP collapse, and mitochondrial swelling. The cardiomyocytes and mitochondria treated with celecoxib + GA (10, 50, and 100 µM) significantly and dose-dependently restore the altered levels of cellular and mitochondrial parameters. Conclusions: We concluded that GA through antioxidant potential and inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore exerted ameliorative role in celecoxib-induced toxicity in isolated cardiomyocytes and mitochondria. The data of the current study suggested that GA supplementation may reduce celecoxib-induced cellular and mitochondrial toxicity during exposure and may provide a potential prophylactic and defensive candidate for coxibs-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cardiotoxicity.
Association of the premature immunosenescence with the presence and severity of anemia among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Handono Kusworini , Wahono Cesarius Singgih , Pratama Mirza Zaka , Kalim Handono
Published: October 2021

Introduction

One of the possible mechanisms that contribute to the development of anemia in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the presence of premature immunosenescence in SLE. This study aimed to observe the correlation between immunosenescence with anemia in SLE.

Methods

This research was a cross-sectional study with the subject was 60 women with SLE aged 16–45 years old. Subjects were recorded for the demographic and clinical data, complete blood counts, iron status (iron serum, total iron-binding capacity, and transferrin saturation), ferritin, inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] and C-reactive protein [CRP]), and anti-dsDNA levels. Immunosenescence was observed by measuring the senescent T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by flow cytometry, counted as CD4+CD57+ and CD8+CD57+ T cells. Serum IL-2 and IFNγ as the cytokines associated with immunosenescence were also measured from all subjects. Subjects were divided into anemic and non-anemic groups according to the classification of anemia from WHO (Hb < 12 gr/dl).

Results

Anemic SLE patients had higher CD4+CD57+, CD8+CD57+, and IFNγ, while IL-2 was lower in SLE patients with anemia. Multivariate linear regression revealed that the decreasing levels of Hb were associated with the increase of CD8+CD57+ percentages and IFNγ levels. Anti-dsDNA, ESR, CRP, ferritin, iron serum, and transferrin saturation were correlated with CD8+CD57+. IFNγ level also correlated with the anti-dsDNA, iron serum, and ferritin levels. No correlation was found between the iron status and inflammatory markers with CD4+CD57+ percentages and IL-2 levels. Multivariate regression analysis showed that IFNγ was positively associated with anti-dsDNA and negatively associated with iron serum and transferrin saturation, while CD8+CD57+ percentages were positively associated with the ferritin levels.

Conclusion

Immunosenescence is associated with anemia by modulating the inflammatory response and causing iron dysregulation in SLE.
Dissociation in SLE: A part of lupus fog?
Authors: Monahan Rory C , Blonk Anne ME , Baptist Esther , Middelkoop Huub AM , Kloppenburg Margreet , Huizinga Tom WJ , van der Wee Nic J , Steup-Beekman Gerda M
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Lupus fog is ill-defined. We aimed to study whether lupus fog is the result of dissociation by studying the prevalence of dissociation and dissociative fog in patients with SLE and neuropsychiatric manifestations of inflammatory and non-inflammatory origin.

Methods

Patients visiting the tertiary referral center for neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) of the LUMC between 2007–2019 were included. Patients were classified as having neuropsychiatric symptoms of inflammatory or non-inflammatory origin. Dissociation was studied using the Dissociative Experience Scale-II (DES), in which the presence of 28 dissociative symptoms is rated (0–100% of the time), of which one question assesses the presence of a dissociative fog directly. Average scores are calculated and scores ≥ 25 are considered indicative of a dissociative disorder. A score of ≥ 30 on question 28 (dissociative fog) was considered indicative for the presence of a fog. Summary scores in the general adult population range from 4.4 to 14. Multiple regression analysis (MRA) was performed to study the association between inflammatory neuropsychiatric symptoms and dissociation. DES results are presented as median (range) and MRA as B and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

DES questionnaires were available for 337 patients, of which 69 had an inflammatory NPSLE phenotype (20%). Mean age in the total study population was 43 ± 14 years and the majority was female (87%). The median dissociation score was 7.1 (0–75) and did not differ between patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms of inflammatory or non-inflammatory origin (B: −0.04 (95% CI: −0.17; 0.09)). 35 patients (10%) had a score indicative of a dissociative disorder. The most common type of dissociation was absorption/imagination. 43 patients (13%) reported a dissociative fog.

Discussion

In most patients with SLE and neuropsychiatric symptoms, dissociative symptoms are within normal range, regardless of underlying etiology. Dissociative fog is present, but uncommon. Lupus fog is most likely not associated with dissociation.
Children and Adolescents’ Lived Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Swank Jacqueline M. , Weaver Jo Lauren , Prikhidko Alena
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic affected people across the life span, including children and adolescents. This study focuses on exploring the lived experiences of children and adolescents in the United States during the pandemic. We interviewed 12 children and adolescents in April 2020 and identified four themes: (a) change in school environment, (b) connection, (c) creative celebrations, and (d) hope. We discuss limitations, recommendations for future research, and implications for counseling.
Post-Traumatic Growth After the Drug-Related Death of a Loved One: Understanding the Influence of Self-Compassion and Hope
Authors: Sperandio Katharine R. , Gutierrez Daniel , Kirk Meghan , Lopez Jessica , Nathaniel Mason W.
Published: October 2021

The interaction between self-compassion, hope, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) following the loss of a loved one to a drug related death (DRD) has been largely unexplored in the current literature. This study examines the interaction between the constructs of hope and self-compassion as they impact PTG among those who are in bereavement from a DRD. For the purposes of this study a “loved one” is defined as anyone who had a meaningful relationship with the person who is now deceased. We examined the associations between self-compassion, PTG and hope using structural equation modeling with a sample of 292 individuals who experienced the DRD of a loved one. Our analysis shows that self-compassion serves as a predictor for PTG when operating independently from hope. When the construct of hope is introduced, it serves as a powerful mediator on the relationship between self-compassion and PTG following bereavement by a DRD. These results suggest that the facilitation of the psychospiritual constructs of hope and self-compassion during the counseling process following the loss of a loved one to a DRD can serve to support PTG.
Adaptive altitude flight control of quadcopter under ground effect and time-varying load: theory and experiments
Authors: Lee Ji-Won , Xuan-Mung Nguyen , Nguyen Ngoc Phi , Hong Sung Kyung
Published: October 2021

In recent years, the boom of the quadcopter industry resulted in a broad range of real-world applications which highlighted the urgent need to improve quadcopter control quality. Typically, external disturbances, such as wind, parameter uncertainties caused by payload variations, or the ground effect, can severely degrade the quadcopter’s altitude control performance. Meanwhile, widely used controllers like the proportional-integral-derivative control cannot guarantee control performance when the system is critically affected by factors that exhibit a high degree of variability with time. In this paper, an adaptive control algorithm is proposed to improve quadcopter altitude tracking performance in the presence of both the ground effect and a time-varying payload. First, we derive an adaptive altitude control algorithm using the sliding mode control technique to account for these uncertainties in the quadcopter dynamics model. Second, we apply Lyapunov theory to analyze the stability of the closed-loop system. Finally, we conduct several numerical simulations and experiments to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.