bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Good cop, bad cop, brand cop: Confessions of a global brand director
Authors: Long Brant
Published: July 2024

This paper is adapted from a presentation given at DAM Europe in June 2013. It describes a corporate user’s perspective on some of the challenges of implementing a digital asset management system. Like others responsible for managing corporate brands, the author’s role has been referred to as that of the ‘brand police’. The brand police, like their uniformed counterparts, play an important role in the community, walking a beat and watching over their neighbourhood. As authority figures they are stewards of the firm’s most valuable asset. But they do more than protect a brand: they enhance its value. The author encourages readers to embrace the role of policeman or policewoman, using digital brand management systems to underpin the authority of their role. He also explains how such systems contribute to the understanding and valuing of brands as strategic assets.
The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson: A digital media archival project
Authors: Snyder Barry , Sotzing Jeff
Published: July 2024

This case study examines the release of the iconic, long-awaited, American Entertainment television archive of Johnny Carson. Using proper archival techniques, the extensive Johnny Carson Library became accessible to fans worldwide, as well as licensing partners, interested in the private footage of America’s favourite late night television host. The Carson Library represents both an important record of the recent past and serves as a model for media archives in the future. Audiences may now view a wide range of selected clips on a portal website, which provides the media and production industry with 3,300 hours of searchable show content. Also examined in this study are the challenges and processes for how The Johnny Carson Collection became accessible to the mass public. Using MediaMine LLC’s state-of-the-art machine room, the collection was fully digitised, transcribed and monetised — ultimately bringing the archive back to life. The hope is to illustrate the importance of digital media today and how, by preserving legacy content, collections can continue to live on with relevance.
Positioning an annual giving programme for maximum impact: An Illinois case study
Authors: Moss Christy , Burnette Kristin
Published: July 2024

In a philanthropic landscape where advancement programmes must raise more dollars from shrinking donor bases, how can annual giving strategies contribute to ambitious fundraising goals? In an effort to effectively support the university’s goals of doubling annual cash fundraising, preparing for an upcoming campaign launch, and developing untapped, rated prospect potential, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) made the decision to move their annual giving programme focus away from a loosely based, decentralised participation model and towards a centralised pipeline model. How does de-emphasising participation rates affect the institution? What metrics will be used to assess the success of the pipeline model? How do current trends in annual giving fit into this pipeline model? In reading how UIUC analysed and answered these questions, readers will have a better understanding of how to evaluate their donor base, programme goals and staff/financial resources to see if a similar move is right for their annual giving programme. In addition, this paper will explore the logistics of transitioning a programme as well as the experiences of gaining buy-in, messaging strategy change to key leadership, and managing the changing model in a decentralised environment.
Can beacons be a source of inspiration for banks to increase sales and improve customer experience?
Authors: Moysan Yvon , Paparoidamis Nicholas G.
Published: July 2024

Beacon technology is considered to be one of the most promising new mobile technologies to both increase sales and improve customer experience in the retail industry. At a time when banks are trying to improve the economics of branch banking and are competing with new entrants like FinTech, beacons could potentially offer more revenue to banks and provide additional value to their clients. This paper looks at the different options banks have to take advantage of beacons.
Using digital and social media to execute a smoking cessation contest: Case study of the QUITPLAN Services QuitCash Challenge
Authors: Hull Molly , Sheldon Mike , Dreher Marietta
Published: July 2024

QUITPLAN Services, a free smoking cessation service, ran a quit smoking contest called The QuitCash Challenge. Participants were recruited using traditional and digital mass media tactics. During the challenge, quitters were eligible to receive cessation support services including phone or web coaching, weekly e-mails, daily mobile text tips, or to participate in the conversation taking place on the QUITPLAN Services Facebook page. This case study explores using a combination of online and offline tactics to execute a successful promotion that increased traffic, engaged smokers in a quit attempt and ultimately provided valuable feedback that could be applied to future promotions, media plans and even the cessation services design itself.
The shortcomings of models in country risk management
Authors: Bouchet Michel-Henry , Goguel Amaury
Published: July 2024

Risk management models are supposed to help anticipate and manage risks; that is, to reduce the level of uncertainty. The objective is to come up with a number of early warning signals that will awake the attention of financial analysts and fund managers. Overall, econometric models aim at simplifying the current reality to better predict the future around a limited number of scenarios. Too often, however, risk management models are based on unrealistic assumptions and assume normal probability distributions. Despite incorporating expertise and judgment to avoid any dogmatic view of models, they fall short of representing the true picture and complexity of a sovereign country with its complex legal, economic, institutional and cultural characteristics. Whatever the quality of econometric models, data sources and economic intelligence, they will never match the information and signals that domestic residents receive and accumulate daily. Country residents are embedded into an endless flow of sociopolitical, cultural, economic and financial inputs. This paper discusses a pragmatic solution to enhance the quality of risk assessment models, eg incorporating capital flight as an early warning indicator of country risk volatility. There is large evidence that in countries with weak institutions, private capital outflows and dollarisation are the by-product of a political and regulatory environment that is not conducive to dynamic and inclusive socio-economic growth.
Everything, everywhere, all at once: The impossible mission of compliance officers
Authors: Mcmanus-Barnett Natalie , Goffard Olivier
Published: July 2024

This paper explores how the increasing interconnectivity of risks and regulatory interests create new compliance challenges. The paper explains how this causes new challenges for effective compliance risk management, particularly with regard to the definition of compliance risk, which keeps on expanding, and to the growing complexity of determining compliance roles and responsibilities across the organisation. It also offers insights on how AI and technology are actively disrupting compliance operations. As a matter of illustration, the paper considers how non-financial risks such as conduct and environmental, social and governance create cross-enterprise complexities that may be shifting the compliance risk management paradigm. Finally, the conclusion gives practical advice on how the modern compliance officer can stay relevant in a changing world.
Standards of competence for financial advisers: The poor relation in international and regional regulation
Authors: Connell Matthew
Published: July 2024

The level of competence among financial advisers is widely recommended as a key factor in ensuring good outcomes for consumers. Despite this recognition, international and regional regulatory codes, including codes in the European Union (EU) and the United States do little to set standards and give rigorous guidance on the kind of training syllabus that should be used for different types of advice, the kind of training that should be undertaken to achieve the necessary levels of knowledge and competence, and the kind of accreditation that should take place to ensure standards of competence are being met. This paper looks at different models of financial advice generated by existing consumer research. It then analyses the advice needs that are implicit in each of these advice offerings, and goes on to assess the adequacy of standards and guidance in key regulatory codes. It finds that current regulatory codes fall short of the standards needed to protect consumers. In particular, codes do not bring out a clear enough differentiation between the knowledge, skill and application requirements of their competence standards, nor do they articulate the issues around different approaches to setting standards, choosing different forms of training and testing competence. Finally, there is no clear and consistent thinking in international and regulatory codes around the merits of structured training and experience.
Effective project leadership and culture under stay-home orders
Authors: Bolton Bob
Published: July 2024

The impact of COVID-19 has changed all of our lives and caused the global decline of aviation activity. The development/replacement of airport facilities and infrastructure, which was on a path to meet prior record travel demand and the need to replace ageing facilities, is now in jeopardy of moving forwards because of drastically reduced revenue streams, as the result of a substantial reduction in passenger volumes. Many airports are trying to decide if they should continue to advance design and construction activities or hold short and see how fast it takes historic operations to return. This paper discusses how, if things remain in flux, we will not finish building the infrastructure that is required to be in service when aviation returns to the levels we knew prior to 2020. It analyses how, if your airport had a gate shortage in 2019, there will likely be a similar projected condition in 2024. The paper stipulates how, while optimistically planning for the end of this global episode, airport operators can take advantage of this slow time and position facilities to meet the increased demand forecasted for aviation services. Airports around the world should decide when they could vigilantly advance development plans, supported by the airlines. Airport leaders must take action on an effective project delivery programme, managed by a team focused on partnerships for optimum results. High-performing teams are now required to collaborate and innovate remotely, holding virtual meetings and telecommuting on a grand scale, while handling the challenges of a world that is changing every day. Leaders and frontline managers must seize this opportunity and turn a challenging truth into a positive path to the development of a high-performing team, one that is capable of navigating for success for the future.
The economic and environmental benefits of runway capacity optimisation: The case of Gran Canaria Airport
Authors: Aparicio Francisco Lorenzo , Martín-Cejas Roberto Rendeiro
Published: July 2024

Rapid growth in air transport has meant an increased demand for airport capacity. Therefore there is a need to address traditional air transport restrictions. This paper analyses the application of the Inventive Problem Solving Algorithm (TRIZ) to manage airport capacity as an alternative technique to traditional pricing structure management. This ad hoc methodology puts emphasis on airport operational characteristics instead of formulating a universal mathematical model, and could represent a feasible and no-data intense solution. Following a classical approach based on TRIZ, a complex problem in a specific system could have an optimal solution within its own system. Furthermore, it is sufficient to explore the system’s design components in order to allow for improvements in that system. A tentative simulation of a TRIZ solution for Gran Canaria airport capacity management is estimated in order to reduce aircraft operations time. Its applications to Gran Canaria Airport could produce reductions in CO2 emissions and economic benefit for air carriers by reducing taxiing time.
Mobile devices open the door to young readers
Authors: Wilson Alan
Published: July 2024

By the 1970s, there was already concern about the declining numbers of readers in the younger demographic category. The trend has continued since then, with recent research showing the decline has spread to television as well. However, a new way of publishing is offering the news media industry a second chance to reach the young market: on mobile devices. Indeed, the mobile market is exploding: data from comScore show the number of US adults accessing newspapers’ digital content grew from 135 million unduplicated adult visitors in April 2013 to 161 million in March 2014, with a 146 per cent jump in 18 to 24-year-olds who accessed the content by mobile device alone. Further, data show 78 per cent of US adults online in March 2014 accessed newspaper digital content, including 71 per cent of 18 to 24-year-olds. This paper considers developments in the field, gives examples of approaches being taken, and suggests a few steps that could be taken in the area of providing information via mobile devices.
The value of tabletop exercises and one-page planning documents
Authors: Lasky Mary
Published: July 2024

Tabletop exercises are an excellent means for teaching people what a severe pandemic entails and for helping participants realise both the importance of planning and how to relate to an existing plan. Creating a one-page document to describe one’s pandemic response plan and delineate trigger points enhances understanding of a complex plan and is excellent for guiding action during a pandemic. This paper will discuss the value of both tabletop exercises and one-page pandemic response plan summaries. In addition, it discusses the lessons learned from their use at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and at several nonprofit organisations in Howard County, Maryland.
Stress testing bank profitability
Authors: Duane Michael , Schuermann Til , Reynolds Peter
Published: July 2024

A defining difference of macro-style stress testing is the explicit consideration of profitability dynamics in the stress scenario. Traditional stress testing had focused almost exclusively on losses only, but a complete assessment of capital adequacy under stress must take into account not just the balance sheet but also the income statement. For instance, in the 2013 US stress test, reduction in projected income for the 18 mandatory bank holding companies (BHCs) covered nearly 60 per cent of projected stress losses. This paper describes and discusses a framework for modelling the major components of the income statement for BHCs using the US regulatory reports as an empirical illustration. It reviews approaches taken by the industry and traces the remarkable development in the wake of the financial crisis. The findings — perhaps unsurprisingly and in line with previous literature — show that successfully modelling profitability requires a tailored BHC-specific approach to revenue segmentation and modelling. The paper argues that failure to pursue a relatively granular income source segmentation along different business activities, far more granular than reflected in typical regulatory reports, will obscure significant underlying differences in macro risk factor sensitivities.
Going Mobile: Using influencer marketing to launch a classic game to an all-new audience
Authors: Day James
Published: July 2024

Influencer marketing is fast becoming an integral part of the marketing mix for brands. However, as with most forms of emergent marketing, how to track its true value effectively and accurately remains somewhat mysterious. Through analysing the campaign for Old School RuneScape’s launch on mobile, as well as some pioneering research in conjunction with Google, this article aims to show the impact of the ‘untrackable majority’ in influencer marketing.
Digital influence: The rise of modern-day influencer marketing and key implications for global business leaders
Authors: Backaler Joel
Published: July 2024

This paper first summarizes the five key factors that have led to the rise of influencers and influencer marketing around the world. Secondly, it introduces a framework to classify influencers based on their topics of specialisation and levels of perceived authority. Thirdly, it spotlights why influencers are becoming a critical component of international marketing strategy and how companies can structure their marketing organisations to maximize the impact of influencer relations on their global business.
Payment Services Act: The new Japanese regulatory framework for payment services
Authors: Mori Takeshi , Takahashi Yasufumi
Published: July 2024

The Payment Services Act (PSA) was enacted in Japan in June 2009 and will come into effect in April 2010. The PSA establishes the regulatory framework for issuers of prepaid payment instruments including ‘electronic money’, non-bank providers of funds transfer services and central counterparties for funds transfer transactions. The legislation is expected to open up markets to non-bank payment service providers in Japan. This paper briefly provides an outline of the PSA.
Measuring effectiveness of AI-based virtual service assistants by user mental health improvement: A research agenda
Authors: Maity Devdeep , Munnukka Juha , Gangadharan Ashwini
Published: July 2024

This paper argues that traditional performance measures of artificial intelligence (AI)-based virtual service assistants (VSAs) fall short of capturing the human-like attributes of VSAs, their influences on human partners, and hence a VSA’s true potential. The current study suggests that the effectiveness of VSAs can be measured by examining the variables related to mental health improvements of the consumers or human partners as a direct result of their conversations, companionship and engagement with the VSAs. The paper presents a research agenda, highlighting the role of perceived leadership of the AI-based VSAs, consumer engagement with VSAs and the subsequent social support of the VSAs to their consumers. It suggests that the aforementioned will result in the enhancement of a variety of coping skills such as problem solving, emotional and time-focused coping, and a subsequent overall increase of trust in AI-based VSAs among their consumers.
Regulation Best Interest: A new standard of conduct for broker-dealers in recommendations to retail customers
Authors: Light Susan
Published: July 2024

This paper analyzes the Securities Exchange Commission’s new Regulation Best Interest rule. Regulation Best Interest, which goes into effect on June 30, 2020, enhances the obligations that apply when a broker-dealer makes a recommendation to a retail customer. The new standard requires broker-dealers and their associated persons to act in the best interest of the retail customer at the time a recommendation is made without placing the interests of the broker-dealer ahead of the interests of the retail customer, and implement policies and procedures designed to identify and disclose conflict of interest. The Specific Obligations require Disclosure (providing specific disclosures before or at the time of the recommendation), Care (exercising reasonable diligence, care and skill in making the recommendation), Conflict of Interest (establishing, maintaining and enforcing policies and procedures reasonably designed to address conflicts of interest) and Compliance (establishing, maintaining and enforcing policies and procedures). This paper explains both the general and specific obligations, compares the current obligation against the enhanced Regulation Best Interest, and suggests practical compliance steps for the broker dealer.
Lessons from disaster: Creating a business continuity plan that really works
Authors: Hatton Tracy , Grimshaw Eleanor , Vargo John , Seville Erica
Published: July 2024

Business Continuity Planning (BCP) is well established as a key plank in an organisation’s risk management process. But how effective is BCP when disaster strikes? This paper examines the experiences of organisations following the 2010–11 Canterbury, New Zealand earthquakes. The study finds that BCP was helpful for all organisations interviewed but more attention is needed on the management of societal and personal impacts; development of employee resilience, identification of effective crisis leaders; right-sizing plans and planning to seize opportunities post-disaster.
Financial risk management in treasury
Authors: Bramwell Paul , Bosacco Michael
Published: July 2024

A recent SunGard AvantGard study of 222 treasury professionals in more than 25 countries conducted in the second quarter of 2012 reveals how treasury professionals are addressing various aspects of financial risk. Having a strategy in place to deal with financial risk is of utmost importance to today’s treasury professionals in light of recent tumultuous economic conditions and failed financial risk policies. The SunGard study showed that corporate treasurers expressed the greatest concerns surrounding market volatility and eurozone defaults. The study also exposed several issues that could hamper effective risk management, including reliance on manual methods to conduct risk analysis and inability to measure real-time positions. Reliance on spreadsheets for conducting advanced risk analysis opens the door to significant operational error along with potential regulatory conflicts, while an inability to view market positions in real time could hamper the capability to manage market volatility in a portfolio. Going forward, an opportunity exists for companies to enhance their technology to address potential gaps in risk-management methods.
Marketing return on investment: Seeking clarity for concept and measurement
Authors: Farris Paul W. , Hanssens Dominique M. , Lenskold James D. , Reibstein David J.
Published: July 2024

As the need for accountable marketing spending continues to grow, companies must develop sound metrics and measures of marketing’s contribution to firm profitability. The leading metric has been return on marketing investment (MROI), following the widespread adoption of ROI metrics in other parts of the organisation. However, the ROI metric in marketing is typically interpreted and used in a variety of ways, which causes ambiguity and suboptimal marketing decision making. This paper seeks to remove the ambiguity around MROI to guide better measurements and analytics aligned to financial contribution. The authors first provide a formal definition of MROI and review variations in the use of MROI that are the root cause of ambiguity in interpretation. The authors come to the conclusion that MROI estimates would be more transparently described if those providing the estimates used the following form: Our analysis measured a (total, incremental, or marginal) MROI of (scope of spending) using (valuation method) over time period. The paper proceeds to describe five case studies that illustrate the various uses of MROI, covering different marketing initiatives in different business sectors. The authors describe the important links between marketing lift metrics (such as response elasticities) and MROI. The final section of the paper focuses on the connection between MROI and business objectives. While management’s prerogative is to maximise short- and long-run profits, that is not equivalent to maximising MROI. The authors demonstrate that MROI plays a different role in the process of marketing budget setting (a marketing strategic task) versus allocating a given budget across different marketing activities (a marketing operations task). They highlight the role of setting MROI hurdle rates that recognise not only marketing’s ability to drive revenue, but also the firm’s cost of capital. The authors hope that their recommendations will help the marketing profession achieve a common understanding of how to assess and use what they believe is its most important summary productivity metric, MROI.
The value of the Legal Entity Identifier for the participants of the securities industry
Authors: Hartsink Gerard
Published: July 2024

The G20 initiated the Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) programme and endorsed in 2012 the Financial Stability Board (FSB) recommendations for the development of the global LEI system to uniquely identify parties that are engaged in financial transactions. The LEI is based on the ISO 17442 LEI standard. The LEI data is available free of charge for any user of the public and private sectors on www.gleif.org. GLEIF delivers also free-of-charge services about the direct and ultimate parent and/or children of a legal entity. Several mapping services relevant for the securities industry are available. The FSB published in May 2019 its Peer Review Report with four sets of recommendations to increase the number of issued LEIs. The securities industry is an important segment of the private sector for the global LEI programme. In this paper, market participants are informed about the progress made in the implementation of the LEI programme and on the way toward global adoption — by self-regulation and/or regulation — for the benefit of investors and issuers.
Should investors rely on central bank asset purchases to backstop markets?
Authors: Ellis Colin
Published: July 2024

During the global financial crisis, central banks in advanced economies cut policy rates to near zero, and then provided further stimulus via balance sheet expansion. In many instances this took the form of quantitative easing — central banks creating new money with which to purchase securities. With years of quantitative easing behind us, and aggressive measures from central banks during the COVID-19 pandemic, should investors now expect central banks to backstop financial markets? This paper examines asset purchases from the twin perspectives of monetary and financial stability, and argues that investors should not expect central banks to always come to their rescue.
Heritage-based regeneration in an age of austerity: Lessons from the Townscape Heritage Initiative
Authors: Reeve Alan , Shipley Robert
Published: July 2024

This paper draws on extensive longitudinal empirical research into the effectiveness of heritage-based urban investment in the regeneration of socially deprived communities. The Townscape Heritage Initiative research project, has examined 16 cases across the UK over a 12-year period, monitoring and evaluating the impacts of investment in the built fabric across a range of themes, including quality of life, economic activity, confidence and appearance. The 16 cases were surveyed in 2000, 2006 and 2011, which is to say, prior to any investment activity, at the point of most positive change and three or four years into the current recession. The research has produced some robust findings in relation to the effects of the recession and the resilience of regeneration benefits accruing from the programme. In presenting and discussing these findings, the paper draws some grounded conclusions regarding the capacity of heritage-led regeneration initiatives to withstand the impacts of the economic downturn, and proposes a number of criteria for assessing the likely resilience of regeneration initiatives in deprived communities.
The AviaDem forecasting model: Illustration of a forecasting case at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport
Authors: Veldhuis Jan , Lieshout Rogier
Published: July 2024

The paper describes an aviation market forecasting model which focuses on market forecasts for airports. Most forecasting models in use today assess aviation trends resulting from macroeconomic trends. The model described in this paper has this feature built in, but the added value of this model is that it addresses the implications for airports of network competition between airlines as well as between airports in the same population catchment areas. The model requires relatively few data. In cases where specific airport data are lacking, such data can be estimated using worldwide airline schedule data. This makes the model suitable for practically every airport in the world. The first part of the paper describes the general functionality of the model and its components. In the second part, a specific application is presented for Amsterdam Schiphol Airport.
An innovative approach for optimising CCP default management through agent-based modelling
Authors: Wise Richard , Chen Tao , Zhu Dingqiu
Published: July 2024

This paper develops a rigorous model to analyse the market impact of liquidation. Invoking innovative techniques from agent-based simulation, we construct the order book's reaction function to liquidation. A methodology is then developed for establishing the optimal close-out strategy which balances the velocity of positional liquidation with that consequential market reaction function. This model can be used in parallel to more traditional calculations of market volatility to ensure that the overall risk capitalisation of a central clearing counterparty remains robust. In the case of financial markets, agent-based models often seek to account for the so-called stylised facts of financial markets. Stylised facts are simply empirical regularities that appear to be stable across markets and over time. Such facts range from statistical concepts, such as the distribution of returns, to more abstract notions such as stock market bubbles and crashes.
Hospitals that heal: Why evidence-based design matters
Authors: Atkinson Victoria
Published: July 2024

There is an increasing realisation that the physical health care environment in which we deliver care can influence a patient's illness, recovery and wellness for decades to come. The relatively new field of evidence-based design (EBD) seeks to evaluate this impact and to build an economic, governance and operational roadmap of specific design interventions within hospitals. This paper explores the concept of the physical health environment as a collaborator in clinical care, rather than merely a backdrop to it and examines the premise of primum non nocere or first do no harm as a basis for hospital construction. Building a healthcare facility should be seen as primarily a clinical project rather than solely as an exercise in construction and logistics. The role of clinicians in such projects is pivotal and yet has traditionally been minimal. This paper investigates when and how clinicians should inform the evolution of a hospital build—from pre-design mapping, value engineering and design evaluation to clinical commissioning. The integration of technology into design and ultimately how clinical governance must underpin all aspects of the project is considered.
Content usage in an omni-channel marketing world
Authors: Gupta Devi , Pauna Melissa
Published: July 2024

To optimise content usage in an omni-channel marketing world, organisations must prioritise brand consistency and create a customer-centric approach through the introduction of an outside-in view from the buyer’s perspective. A balance is required to achieve the ultimate goal of delivering content and messaging across all channels, devices and territories that provides for a truly integrated experience — and do so without impacting corporate risk of copyright infringement. This paper drills into a real-world example to examine how omni-channel marketing affected the content strategy at Banana Republic/Gap, Inc. The paper also provides next-step advice on centralising content and content rights, process governance, automation and leveraging data insights. Examples and best practices will be shared on taxonomies, role-based permissions, key organisational roles, rights management and rights-based workflow and automation.
Airport business resilience: Plan for uncertainty and prepare for change
Authors: Carlisle Andy
Published: July 2024

In recent years, there has been sustained turbulence in markets around the world. Economies are emerging from recession, but the pace of recovery is mixed while geopolitical uncertainty and security threats appear to be increasing. In a connected world, problems rarely remain geographically isolated, which means there is continued economic uncertainty in many major global markets. However, uncertainty is not always negative. The pace of technological change is rapid; the influence of mobile and digital platforms extends across all areas of business, including aviation. While such developments are generally positive, change itself creates uncertainty and new technology can be a disruptive influence. Airport managers and investors must balance the drive toward commercial optimisation against the inherent investment risk in realising new opportunities; these challenges are magnified in a market that has a more uncertain and variable outlook. Airport business models are adapting to this new reality, and there is increased recognition of the need for flexibility, creativity, and vigilance in planning, building, managing, and financing airports. The most effective counterbalance to future uncertainty is to develop business models that are resilient, but not resistant, to change. In this context, business resilience means managing risk and capitalising on opportunity. It involves preparing and organising for change, and being ready to change direction when unexpected events occur, or the operating environment changes. It is adopting a mind-set of surprises being the ‘new normal’, and realising that it’s not a question of ‘if ’ the unexpected will happen, but rather ‘when will it happen?’, ‘what will happen?’, and ‘are we prepared?’. Resilience, then, is strength with flexibility, and focus with situational awareness. Many airport operators are adapting to this new normal and recognising the need for greater flexibility, creativity, global awareness, and social awareness in the management of airports. While there are limitations to flexibility in an infrastructure-intensive business, this paper considers some of the measures that can be taken to optimise airport financial performance in a dynamic market where rapid change has the potential to disrupt existing business models.
Opening up: The National Gallery of Art’s Wikimedia project
Authors: Zweig Benjamin
Published: July 2024

In 2018, the National Gallery of Art, Washington, began a project with the Wikimedia Foundation with the goal of donating its 53,000 open access images of public domain artworks to the Wikimedia Commons media repository. The project grew to include a contribution of 120,000 art object collection records to the linked data platform Wikidata and was completed in February 2020. This paper details the process of the contribution. It recounts the various stages and workflow of the project, from image preparation and metadata management to uploading and organising the images and data on Wikimedia Commons and Wikidata. It outlines some of the major challenges faced during the contribution process and discusses some of the various tools used to complete the project. Finally, it describes some of the project’s results, such as audience reach and user engagement, and outlines possible future steps.
Elevating an institution’s reputation with a meaningfully distinct brand narrative
Authors: Bohling Timothy R. , Sender Sol
Published: July 2024

Brand management activities involve making decisions over time about: (a) what brand messages to deliver to stakeholders, (b) what brand experiences to deliver as stakeholders engage with their firm or institution and (c) how to improve the performance of the firm or institution. While brand management has been widely studied in commercial industries, brand management research within the higher education industry is quite limited. This paper introduces a new brand management framework that illuminates an institution’s meaningfully distinct value proposition and activation paths to help elevate the institution’s reputation and class profile. The authors have named this new methodology the Brand Integrity (BI) framework. This field study deployed the BI framework’s qualitative and quantitative research activities across multiple stakeholder groups to identify the salient University of Notre Dame Mendoza College of Business (MCOB) brand promises that would most resonate with several stakeholder groups, including prospective students, existing students, alumni, faculty, staff and advisory board members. Upon identification of the core brand promises for MCOB, the new brand narrative was powerfully activated and the implications on school popularity and enrolment have been significant. Since the activation of the new brand narrative, MCOB graduate programmes have experienced increases in the number of applications, enrolment selectivity, total enrolled students, female students, and underrepresented minority students. This paper highlights the relevant contributions for both scholars and practitioners.
Bringing the Cloud back to earth: Compliance, operational and security considerations
Authors: Carreiro Lynne M. , Holman David
Published: July 2024

The benefits to be obtained for individuals, or small- to medium-sized businesses, of moving to a Cloud environment are numerous, say its advocates. But to focus solely on the benefits and to ignore the potential risks would be a mistake. In addition to all the benefits that may accrue to firms seeking to move into a Cloud environment, there are also several areas which may pose problematic or more complicated to resolve than a superficial contemplation would disclose. This paper explores the regulatory, compliance and operational issues that should be considered by investment management firms when contemplating the move to Cloud computing.
Insuring deposits, ensuring stability: A critical evaluation of six decades of deposit insurance in the Indian banking sector
Authors: Sardana Varda , Singhania Shubham
Published: July 2024

The deposit insurance system in India is one of the oldest in the world. Though deposit insurance is a well-researched area across the globe, it is relatively unexplored in India. This paper aims to critically evaluate some of the core aspects of the Indian deposit insurer, explicate the strengths and weaknesses of the system, highlight the risks that accrue to the system due to its features and the lessons learned from its 60 years of experience. The study suggests that the Indian deposit insurance system is marred by certain issues, such as irregular revisions of coverage limits, cross-subsidisation, delays in the recovery of settled claims, the restricted role of the insurer and the non-availability of a benchmark for the insurance fund. It further provides policy recommendations for practitioners to overcome these shortcomings and enhance the robustness of the deposit insurer by allowing better risk management under the scheme.
Quantifying the impact of environmental conditions on worker performance for inputting to a business case to justify enhanced workplace design features
Authors: Oseland Nigel , Burton Adrian
Published: July 2024

Despite the plethora of research showing the impact of environmental conditions on performance, the majority of UK businesses do not accept changes in productivity as part of the business case justification for improvements to the working environment. The authors' intention was to develop a practical methodology to help predict the potential gain in worker productivity that can be expected following design improvements. They carried out a literature review of productivity research and conducted a meta-analysis of 75 studies to quantify the impact of environmental conditions and design factors on performance. The unique aspect of the literature review is that the reported percentage changes in performance were weighted according to the relevance of the research study to real offices and office workers. The weightings converted the widely varying raw research results into what appears to be a more credible range of performance effects. The authors believe that their figures are ones that are more likely to be accepted by financial directors when used in building a business case. Due to the lack of rigorous multiple-factor studies, they proposed that the effect on performance of single factors can be added, but using a relationship based on the law of diminishing returns. Re-analysis of recent research of combined factors indicates that a ‘two-thirds, one-third’ rule of thumb may be appropriate. The authors believe that they have created a robust methodology for quantifying performance effects and using in the business case for workplace improvements.
Texas Christian University: From great to the greater good
Authors: Barkow Stephanie , Mueller Gary , Syler-Jones Tracy
Published: July 2024

The marketing and communication division at Texas Christian University (TCU) was established as an independent division in 1999, following a strategic planning process called ‘The Commission on the Future of TCU’. For the past 20 years, this unit has worked to position itself as a strategic partner versus a service function in an increasingly decentralised environment and during a timeframe of growth and increasing national and international prominence. Without an enrolment function as part of its portfolio, the unit has focused on better defining the university’s brand to enhance relationships with key stakeholders and assist in driving organisational objectives within an increasingly cluttered marketing and communication world and competitive environment. This paper discusses how TCU’s ongoing problem of integrating its refined brand platform, but this initial work has reformed internal perspectives about the marketing and communication division’s work, creating internal advocates. The extensive research TCU carried out resulted in a true, relevant and actionable brand platform with an authentic voice that is aligned with the university’s mission, vision and values, its strategic plans and its aspirations for the future.
Generating returns through better relationships: How managed custody accounts benefit managers and investors
Authors: Hickey Thomas A. , Fross Stuart E. , Resendiz Gustavo , Nee Kenneth C.
Published: July 2024

Institutional investors are under significant pressure to maximise returns. To that end they have focused on reducing fees and consolidating their portfolios according to the best ideas of their best managers. A few pioneering US public pension plans and public university endowments have been early adopters of Managed Custody Accounts (MCAs) in efforts to maximise their ability to participate in the best new products and control costs and fees. An MCA creates a platform through which an investor can quickly and nimbly invest across any of an investment manager’s funds, products and strategies. Because fees and expenses are negotiated at the platform level on an aggregate assets under management basis, parties are able to create an efficient investment process with a fee structure that motivates the manager and investment team, encourages investors to consider all of the manager’s products, and has the effect of maximising the investor’s investment levels with a manager. This efficiency also allows public investors to react quickly to managers’ new products as other legal terms are built into the MCA agreement at the onset of the investment relationship. This paper will discuss the typical investment process of public investors, from manager selection to funding of new traditional products, contrasting it to the MCA process, and highlighting the benefits that MCAs provide to managers and investors alike.
Five typical city branding mistakes: Why cities tend to fail in implementation of rebranding strategies
Authors: Herstein Ram , Berger Ron , Jaffe Eugene D.
Published: July 2024

City branding has become a widespread phenomenon throughout the world and relevant agencies such as municipalities, local government, media and commercial firms spend large sums of money and vast efforts in order to brand or rebrand cities. Despite these efforts, it appears that many city branding campaigns have not met their objectives. This conclusion resulted from studies of the branding/rebranding campaigns in ten Israeli and several US and European cities. Residents of these cities were questioned about their opinions of the branding campaigns. This was followed by an examination of the branding processes that were undertaken by the sampled city management. Protocols of meetings held to plan the campaigns were examined, followed by in-depth interviews of main decision makers. Five categories of mistakes were identified and analysed. As a result, suggestions are made as to how to avoid such mistakes in the future.
Dark execution strategies under MiFID II: A few shades lighter?
Authors: Mensah Danielle
Published: July 2024

While Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II (MiFID II) will introduce a host of transparency and trading reforms in Europe from January 2018, there remains uncertainty as to how existing dark execution strategies, in equities and other asset classes, will be accommodated under the revised framework. Dark execution strategies responding to market participants’ desire to reduce information leakage will not cease to exist when MiFID II rules come into force. How will existing dark multilateral trading facilities (MTFs) and broker crossing networks adapt? Does MiFID II spell the death of dark trading? What is the expected impact on lit and dark liquidity pools? The regulatory response post financial crisis has determined that the market needs to shift towards greater transparency to reduce systemic risk. It is complex to achieve an appropriate balance between the level of regulation and prescriptive rules versus allowing market forces to naturally determine where and how orders are executed. Full transparency is not appropriate for all types of trading, in particular for market actors seeking to exchange large block orders electronically. Appropriate calibration and ensuring a level playing field with a marketplace that is relatively simple to understand and interact with is likely to help investors achieve the best results.
The importance of digitising payments and the role of acceptance infrastructure - Part 2
Authors: Balakrishnan Mahadevan
Published: July 2024

The concluding part of this paper provides an overview of the importance of digitalising payments in an economy and the role the acceptance infrastructure can play in that process. By using the data from Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructure (CPMI) countries, and then using more detailed data from India, a number of empirical analysis are done and conclusions arrived at. Part one of this paper was published in Journal of Digital Banking, Volume 1, Number 3.
The dilemmas of sharing: Five dilemmas when presenting the past to the present
Authors: Fleischer Nina Benedicte , Bakke Anne Kirsten
Published: July 2024

In April 2022, a new rights agreement was signed between the Norwegian broadcaster, NRK, and Norwaco, an organisation for rights holders. This gave NRK the opportunity to publish on its digital platforms any self-produced radio and television content broadcast before 1st January, 2015. As a result, the NRK Archive is now attracting greater interest from across the organisation, and archive content has been given a more active role in NRK’s publishing strategy. Finally, in-demand drama and classic comedy may be shared with the public again — but should it? The agreement has initiated new conversations within NRK, between functional areas that strive to meet the demands of the present, and the archive, whose task is to promote history and join the dots. Is the quality of the storytelling, humour and terminology good enough for today? What about the ethics? This paper addresses all these questions and the different challenges during different periods of the publishing process, both the practical workflows and the ethical discussions. We have boiled them down to five dilemmas that contain useful lessons learned — lessons we wished we had known from the start.