bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DOCKING STUDIES ON ANTIDIABETIC MOLECULAR TARGETS OF PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI (L.) SKEELS
Authors: Vellingiri Vadivel , Ganesh Smruthi , Venkat Mahadevan , Pemaiah Brindha
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjectives: Different parts of jamun tree (Syzygium cumini L. skeels) which belongs to the family - Myrtaceae are well-known for their antidiabeticactivity. Traditional practitioners in India are using the leaf, bark, and fruits of this medicinal plant over many centuries to manage the diabeticpatients. Although several research works have been conducted to prove the efficacy of this plant extracts and also to explore the active principles ofthis plant drug, there is no information regarding the interaction of phytoconstituents of jamun tree with diabetic targets at the molecular level. Hence,this study focused to apply a computational approach to reveal the interaction of molecules of jamun tree with antidiabetic targets.Methods: Lamarckian genetic algorithm methodology was used for docking of 22 phytoconstituents with α-amylase, a key enzyme that involved incarbohydrate metabolism using Autodock software.Results: Analysis of binding energy of ligands with target receptors was remarkably lower especially for friedelin (−9.54 kcal/mol), epifriedelanol(−8.98 kcal/mol), betulinic acid (−8.60 kcal/mol), beta-sitosterol (−8.56 kcal/mol), petunidin-3-gentiobioside (−7.52 kcal/mol), kaempferol (−7.08kcal/mol), petunidin (−6.21 kcal/mol), quercetin (−6.03 kcal/mol), myricetin (−5.80 kcal/mol), and bergenin (−5.27 kcal/mol) when compared tothe synthetic drug acarbose (−2.43 kcal/mol).Conclusion: Potential molecules identified from this study could be considered as a lead to design/synthesize anti-diabetic drug molecules inpharmaceutical industry.Keywords: Jamun tree, Syzygium cumini, Phytochemicals, Diabetes, α-amylase, Molecular docking.
QUALITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ELYTRARIA ACAULIS LINDAU (ACANTHACEAE) Research Article
Authors: Murugan Manigandan , K Kolanjinathan
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjectives: To analyze the phytochemicals quantitatively and screening the antioxidant efficacy of methanol extracts of Elytraria acaulis plant extractby in vitro.Methods: The total phenols, flavonoids, and tannin contents analyzed by Folin-Ciocalteu method, aluminum chloride colorimetric and calculated asgallic acid equivalents/g (GAE/g) of dry weight. Free radical scavenging activity was screened using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), radicalscavenging activities, and ferric reducing power assay was also analyzed.Results: The total phenolic content of the aqueous leaf extract was 46.84 µg GAE/g of extract powder. Significantly similar levels of total flavonoid andtannin contents of the plant were 41.72 and 39.50 µg GAE/g, respectively. The plant extracts showed appreciable free radical scavenging activities atthe highest concentration of 400 µg/mL superoxide anion radical with IC values (107.7±1.081 µg/mL), and for DPPH and considerably high amountof radical scavenging activity was found with very low IC5050 values (4.3±0.88 µg/mL) compared with quercetin.Conclusion: The phenolic and flavonoid compounds provide substantial antioxidant properties which could be effectively used for pharmaceutical,nutraceutical as well as anti-inflammatory applications.Keywords: Phenols, Flavonoids, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, Pharmaceuticals.
THEORY OF LAW AND COMPUTER CRIMES
TEORIA DO DIREITO E CRIMES INFORMÁTICOS
Authors: Mangiameli (Universidade de Roma – Tor Vergata) Agata C. Amato
Published: April 2017

This paper aims investigate the general theory and the elements of the computer crimes as well it social engineering, because as technology advances, more and more people use it according to their needs.
O DIREITO CANÔNICO NASCENTE NA IGREJA IMPERIAL E NOS PRIMEIROS CONCÍLIOS ECUMÊNICOS DO SÉCULO IV
THE BEGINNING CANNON LAW IN THE IMPERIAL CHURCH AND IN THE FIRST ECUMENICAL COUNCILS IN THE IV CENTURY
Authors: Brandão (Faculdade Damas, PUC/MG) Cláudio , Silva, O.S.B. (Faculdade Damas) Altamir (D. Rafael Maria) Francisco da
Published: April 2017

O direito canônico é um dos pilares da ciência jurídica ocidental. O século quarto tem uma especial importância pois nessa época se realizaram os primeiros concílios ecumênicos, presididos pelo imperador romano. A igreja imperial mesclou conceitos romanos e canônicos na seara jurídica, formando as bases do direito comum da baixa idade média.
ANÁLISE JURÍDICA DA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: A CIDADANIA EM FOCO
LEGAL ANALISYS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCA-TION: CITIZENSHIP IN FOCUS
Authors: Pellenz (IMED – RS) Mayara , Baldissera (IMED – RS) Rafela
Published: April 2017

Diante da grave crise ambiental nos dias de hoje, resultado de anos de exploração da Natureza, uma nova consciência e uma nova postura humana frente a essa situação precisam ser adotadas, considerando que as consequências dos danos ambientais possuem uma dimensão planetária. A Educação Ambiental aproxima-se da categoria Cidadania, pois ambas são vetores para que novos horizontes de compreensão sejam possíveis. Por meio do senso reflexivo e da transmissão do conhecimento, um agir humano ético em relação a todas as formas de vida neste Planeta pode ser uma realidade desde o momento presente. Juridicamente, a Educação Ambiental é destacada na Constituição Federal do Brasil de 1988 e também em lei infraconstitucional, que versa sobre o exercício da Cidadania e a necessidade da educação formal e não formal voltada as questões ambientais, de forma a transformar o cenário mundial a partir de práticas cidadãs éticas e responsáveis.
Salvianolic acid B: In vitro and in vivo effects on the immune system
Authors: Vujicic Milica , Saksida Tamara , Stojanovic Ivana
Published: April 2017

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder with a strong inflammatory
component. Autoreactive cells specifically target insulin-producing ?-cells,
which leads to loss of glucose homeostasis. T1D remains incurable and
versatile; potentially beneficial therapeutics are being tested worldwide.
Possible candidates for the treatment of autoimmune diabetes are plants and
their extracts since they are rich in biophenols, substances that act as
secondary metabolites, and have verified antioxidant and antiinflammatory
effects. Salvianolic acid B (SalB) is a biophenol and one of the major
constituents of Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum (Greek oregano) extracts which
in our previous studies was shown to exhibit an antidiabetic effect in mice.
The aim of the present study was to determine whether SalB is responsible for
the observed effects of Greek oregano extracts. SalB was applied in vitro to
macrophages and lymphocytes isolated from C57BL/6 mice, as well as in vivo in
the model of T1D induced by multiple low doses (MLD) of streptozotocin (STZ).
SalB did not affect the viability of cells, but it significantly decreased
secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and TNF in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated
macrophages, as well as the secretion of IFN-? in concanavalin A
(ConA)-stimulated lymphocytes. However, when applied in vivo, SalB at a dose
of 2.5 mg/kg b.w., applied for 10 consecutive days, failed to protect mice
from diabetes development. In conclusion, SalB exerts immunomodulatory
effects in vitro, but is not effective in prevention of T1D in vivo. It
probably requires cooperation with some other substances for the maximum
efficacy exhibited by oregano extracts.
The Effects of Mandatory Audit Firm Rotation on Client Importance and Audit Industry Concentration
Authors: Bleibtreu Christopher , Stefani Ulrike
Published: April 2017

Recently, a system of audit firm rotation has been implemented for the audits of listed companies conducted in the European Union (EU). In the U.S., in contrast, the regulator decided against such rotation. Whereas proponents argue that rotation would strengthen independence and decrease audit market concentration, opponents stress the importance of auditors' learning effects, which would be eliminated by a change in auditors. In extending the market matching model of Salop (1979), we provide an analysis that integrates these contradictory views. We assume that both auditors' industry expertise and their experience in auditing a client decrease audit costs. We investigate the bidding strategies applied to re-acquire clients that were lost due to rotation, auditors' profit contributions, the equilibrium number of auditors (i.e., audit market concentration), and the economic importance of specific clients. Our findings indicate that the regulators' goals of simultaneously decreasing client importance and audit market concentration are in direct conflict and, therefore, the rotation system might have unintended consequences. Our model, thus, suggests how different institutional parameters give rise to economic forces that can support diverging decisions regarding the implementation of MAR.
Buccolingual inclination of first molars in untreated adults: A CBCT study
Authors: Alkhatib Rola , Chung Chun-Hsi
Published: April 2017

Objective:

To evaluate the buccolingual inclinations of maxillary and mandibular first molars in untreated adults.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty-nine subjects (14 males and 45 females; mean age, 41.2 years) with no missing teeth, no crossbite, and minimal crowding were included. For each subject, a CBCT was taken. The long axis of each first molar was determined, and the inclination of each molar was measured using the long axis and the floor.

Results:

One hundred seventeen out of 118 mandibular first molars measured had a lingual inclination, with a mean of 12.59° ± 5.47°. For the maxillary first molars, 107 out of 118 had a buccal inclination, with a mean of 4.85° ± 4.22°.

Conclusions:

There is a curvature to the inclinations of first molars in untreated adults, where the maxillary molars have a slight buccal inclination and mandibular molars have a slight lingual inclination.
Numerical investigation on selective emitter formation by laser doping for phosphorous-doped silicon solar cells
Authors: Zhang Q. Z. , Shu B. F. , Chen M. B. , Zhong N. B. , Luo J. J. , Wu X. L.
Published: April 2017

Laser doping is a promising way of selective emitter formation for silicon solar cells. To quantitatively study the influence of laser parameters on the doping effect, it is necessary to develop a numerical model. This work made some improvements on an experimentally verified numerical model. The most important improvement is that the flow field and the dopant concentration profile are only computed in a subdomain instead of the whole domain. The influence of the laser power and the scanning speed on the temperature and flow field in the melt pool, the selective emitter geometry and the dopant concentration profile are investigated. Then, to accurately study how the dopant concentration profile affects the performance of the selective emitter, a semiconductor device simulation was furthermore performed based on the computed dopant concentration profiles.
STATUS POPULASI BUAYA Crocolylus porosus DI DAERAH KAIMANA DAN TELUK ARGUNI IRIAN JAYA
Authors: Kurniati Hellen , Rumbarar Yunus , Mumpuni Mumpuni , Semiadi Gono
Published: April 2017

The people of Indonesia have historically used crocodiles for a variety of non-commercial purposes. In the past ten years, a commercial collection from the wild almost threatened the population status. As pressure on the commercial hunting continuous, the successful conservation of Indonesian crocodiles will depend on the constant monitoring in the wild. Irian Jaya is one of several islands in Indonesia which historically accommodate an unknown number of commercial crocodiles such as Crocolylus porosus. Althorough monitoring on the C. porosus status in Barusam Gasawi, Buruai Garawa, Kamabu rivers, and Suwiki lake located in Kaimana and Arguni Bay, Irian Jaya had been conducted since 1990 and continued in 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, and 1998. The surveys techniques were conducted night count method and guided by a 1: 100.000 map and GPS. A statistical analysis was performed on SAS using proc regression and proc mean. A significant result has only been noted in Suwiki Lake, where was the magnitude of the mean trend in density was 109 percent.
JUMLAH TRAKEA PADA DAUN LUDWIGIA ADSCENDENS (L.) HARA DALAM KONDISI TERGENANG : SEBUAH GEJALA PLASTISITAS ANATOMI ##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Authors: Budiono Joko
Published: April 2017

This study was conducted to reveal the influence of waterlogging on the number of tracheas in each vascular bundle of Ludwigia adscendens (L.) Hara leaf. This plant is well known as aquatic weed which can grow floating on water surface. The leaf primordium extend across the water from 10-15 cm below water surface. The plant was grown in aquarium at 0, 10 and 15 cm water depth. The observed leaves were first, third and fifth the base. Anatomical structure were analyzed using serial cross sections of he leaf the cross section were made by paraffin method. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT method. The result showed that significance difference on the number of tracheas in each vascular bundle were found among leaves of different depth.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN OKSITOSIN DAUN KATU DAN DAUN LAMPES TERHADAP SEKRESI AIR SUSU DAN GAMBARAN HISTOLOGI KELENJAR AMBING PADA MENCIT
Authors: Pidada I.B. Rai
Published: April 2017

A comparative study on the effect of oxytocin, extracted leaf of katu (Sauropus androgynous, Merr) and lampes (Ocimum sanctum, Linn) against secretions of milk and histologically mammary gland of mice was carried out under laboratory conditions. The study was designed by using totally 40 mice pp and divided into four groups treatment which consisted 10 females mice post partum (pp) of each group. The control group, katu (S.androginus), lampes (O. sanctum), and oxytosin were given orally 0.5 ml physiological solution, 10 mg/0.5 ml leaf extract of S. androgynus , 10 mg/0.5 ml leaf extract of O. sanctum and 0.1 IU oxytocin intramuscular, respectively. The treatment were started on day fourt to 21th of lactation period. The data were observed on day 6th, 9th, 12th, 15th, of lactation period and than on day 21th the mice were killed to prepare histologically of mammary glands. The data analyzed by ANOVA and LSD test. The result of the study showed that the secretion of the milk on the mice were not significantly different among of fourth groups. However between S. androgynous and O. sanctum group accured an increasing on secretion of milk productions. The diameter of alveolus pit of mammae lobus gland were not significantly different amongs the fourth group, but the number of alveolus of mammae lobus gland were significantly different among oxytocin, S. androgynous, and O. sanctum group and between the group of O. sanctum and control.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK AKAR GINGSENG JAWA DAN GINGSENG KOREA TERHADAP SINTESIS PROTEIN TESTIS YANG BERPERAN DALAM SPERMATOGENESIS
Authors: Winarni Dwi
Published: April 2017

This study was aimed to know the effect of the Jawa ginseng and Korean ginseng roots on synthesis of testicular proteins that needed for spermatogenesis. Eighteen male rats (8-9 weeks) were divided into 4 groups. Rats were given orally with ethinylestradiol (6 rats-group I), ethinylestradiol and extract of Korean ginseng root (3 rats-group II), ethinylestradiol and extract of Java ginseng (3 rats-group III), and drinking water only (6 rats-group IV). Ethinylestradiol that administrated equal to 1 mg/100 g body weight/day for each rat but extract of Java ginseng or Korean ginseng roots was equal with 3.5 mg dry ginseng root / 100 BW/each day. That treatment was done for 14 days. The testes was collected on the last day of treatment. Testes from three rats each from group I and group IV were sectioned by paraffin method and stain with hematoxylin-eosin but other testes (3 rats for each group) were made to homogenate. Testicular extract was made from I testicular homogenate : 3 phosphate buffer saline. Testicular proteins were separated by 10 percent SDS-PAGE. Gel was stained with Coomasie brilliant blue 0.25 percent. According to protein bands in gel and histological observation, this study revealed that the administration of extract of both Java ginseng and Korean ginseng roots equal with 3.5 mg dry ginseng root/ 100 BW/ day for 14 days, influence synthesis of testicular protein that have role on meiotic stage of spermatogenesis. These proteins have MW 14.44 and 68 kDa.
TOKSISITAS LARVASIDA FRAKSI POLAR DAN NON POLAR HERBA ECLIPTA ALBA HASSK TERHADAP LARVA NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI LINN
Authors: Hamidah Hamidah , Rosmanida Rosmanida , Darmawati Darmawati
Published: April 2017

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever is a disease caused by virus and spread out by mosquitoes. Until now Aedes aegypti is thought as important vector in spreading procces of this disease. The general technique with synthetic chemical insecticide used to control density of mosquito population but this way causes the resistence of insect target, kill the untarget insect, and disturbs the environment quality. Due this problem, insecticide from plant is one of alternative such as Eclipta alba (Urang aring). The research aimed to distinguish toxicity larvacida degree between the polar fraction and non polar herba Eclipta alba to the growth of mosquito larva of Aedes aegypti. The experimental method applied with the complete random design used in this research. Each treatment to mosquito larvae of Aedes aegypti had replications and the data was analyzed of Variance (ANOVA). The result showed that non polar fraction has the higher toxicity effect compared with the polar fraction. The concentration of LC non polar fraction 319.1826 ppm50, and concentration LC50 polar fraction is 1033.888 ppm and instar larva change of non polar fraction give higher elimination than polar fraction, non polar is 24 percent from population has change into IV instar and non polar 45 percent.
ANALISIS STATISTIK PENGUJI KECENDERUNGAN POPULASI DAN VARIASI TIPE HABITAT BUAYA Crocodylusporosus DI DAERAH PASANG SURUT TELUK ARGUNI IRIAN JAYA
Authors: Kurniati Hellen
Published: April 2017

The population ecology of saltwater (Crocodylusporosus) in Arguni Bay, Irian Jaya was studied during 19990-1998 period. In this study, the habitas were divided into five types (1. Dominant vegetation Nypafructicansand primary forest; 2.Dominant vegetations N. fructicans; 4.Mangrove; 5. Lake with dominate vegetation N. fructicans and mangrove, along the lake bank was covered by Barringtonia spp, Ficusspp and Callophylum spp, whereas almost at lake offshore was covered by lotus floating plant). Result of GLM statistical analysis showed there were no significant (p more than 0.05) interaction between habitat type and survey time, neither on the habitat type and time of survey. The Duncan test on habitat showed a grouping in three categories (A, AB, and B) in which habitat 5 was at first ranking. However, there was no grouping on time of survey. From this study it was concluded that mangrove habitat was essential for C.porosus life and used as a nursery ground.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI NBENZOILAMOKSISILIN DAN N34DIKLOROBENZOILAMOKSISILIN TERHADAP Staphylococcus ATCC 25923 DAN Escherichia coli ATCC 35218
Authors: Santosa Harry , Soekardjo Bambang , J S Ami Soewandi
Published: April 2017

N-Benzolamoxicillin and N-3,4-dichlorobenzolamoxicillin were synthesized from amoxicillin by acylation with benzoylchloride and 3,4-dichlorobenzoylchloride respectively. Structure characterization of the amoxicillin derivative compounds were done by UV, IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Both derivative compound has antibacterial antivity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The activity of N-3,4-dichlorobenzolamoxicillin is more active than N-Benzolamoxicillin.
Identication of Variance Moleculer Genotype Commercial Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) based on Random Amplified Polymorpism DNA (RAPD) Markers
Authors: Pasaribu Arnen , P.Putri Lollie Agustina , Suryanto Dwi
Published: April 2017

Abstract —Commercial oil palm is one of plant genotype have a inbreeding so that it will be genetic depression.  Genetic depression can cause difficulties to identification of genetic trait in palm oil, so that identification of moleculer variance is necessary to know the genetic potential of commercial palm oil to obtain initial information about genetic diversity. The objectives of this study was to find genetic diversity in commercial oil palm (E. guineensis Jacq.) by using five RAPD primers (OPC-12, OPH-12, OPC-7, OPI-20 and OPD-16). The results of this study showed that Polymorpism Information Content (PIC) was 0.338.  PCoA analysis showed that the moleculer varian was 43,72% and according to profil radial neighbour joining tree (NJtree) showed that three main groups. Keywords—Genetic Variation,Oil Palm , RAPD
Improving the productivity and efficiency of an integrated mental and addiction care
Authors: Kemppinen Juha , Korpela Jukka , Elfvengren Kalle , Polkko Jussi
Published: April 2017

This paper suggests that the productivity and efficiency of social and health care services can be improved considerably by redesigning and streamlining the processes. The paper presents the theory of constraint (TOC) and five-focusing step (5FS) solution to the productivity and efficiency problems of an integrated mental and addiction care outpatient clinic (MTPA-model) team. The MTPA is an integrated walk-in clinic where clinical decisions on key patient groups are supported by a clinical decision support system (CDSS). One of the critical service processes of the MTPA is a CDSS-assisted adult ADHD diagnostics process.

The aim of the paper is to describe the improvement of productivity and efficiency of a typical multidiscipline team of MTPA-model. A combination of the action research approach and design science research was applied to solve the emerging service process problems and create a CDSS. The paper outlines the principles of the TOC applied for the established CDSS-assisted adult ADHD diagnostics process. The bottlenecks or constraints of an adult ADHD process are defined. The data from the designed CDSS and the currently used electronic health record provided material for applying the 5FS methodology for improving the productivity and efficiency of the adult ADHD process.

We suggest that applying the 5FS-process of TOC to mental and addiction care processes generally, and to the multi-professional team especially, is an effective way to negotiate constructively about the bottlenecks or constraints of the process and improve the productivity and efficiency of integrated mental health and addiction care services and operations. Based on the results, a general framework for improving the productivity and efficiency of a multi-professional team and health care services organization by applying the 5FS methodology is proposed.
Health information systems´ usability-related use errors in patient safety incidents
Authors: Hautamäki Eija , Kinnunen Ulla-Mari , Palojoki Sari
Published: April 2017

Health information systems contain usability issues that cause use errors, which may pose a risk to patient safety. The aim of this study was to identify what kind of usability issues in information systems cause use errors that lead to patient safety incidents. Patient safety incidents reported into an incident reporting system in a Finnish hospital district during the year 2014 (n=2500) were analyzed from the perspectives of usability and use errors. An inductive content analysis was carried out in order to gather information about the usability issues that may have led to a use error, thus causing patient safety incidents. The results showed that the main usability issues are the distribution of information into multiple views, identification problems with the selected patient, and basic daily tasks' reliance on users' memory. The results show that the relationship between usability, use errors, and patient safety should be understood and considered in the health information system design.
Tietämyksenhallinnan avulla ennustamisesta aktiiviseen ennakointiin
Authors: Lappalainen Kari , Kivinen Petri
Published: April 2017

Tietämyksenhallinnassa ollaan siirtymässä toteutumisen tarkastelusta ennustamiseen ja aktiivisempaan ennakointiin. Organisaatioiden kyky hallita jatkuvaa muutosta perustuu olemassa olevan toimintaympäristön tuntemukseen, tulevaisuuden monipuoliseen arviointiin ja monimuotoiseen tietojohtamiseen kuuluvaan viestintään. Avoimuudesta ja läpinäkyydestä onkin tullut organisaatioiden kilpailukyvyn menestystekijä. Kansalaisesten näkökulmasta kyse on selkeyden ja ymmärrettävyyden kehittämisestä. 

Edellytykset kansalaisten yhdenvertaisuuden ja palvelutuotannon kustannustehokkuuden arvioinnille syntyvät kansallisesti ja jopa kansainvälisesti vakioitujen tietorakenteiden ja niistä johdettujen mittareiden kautta. Uudet ja innovatiiviset tarkastelunäkökulmat tietojohtamisessa ovat avain nopeasti muuttuvien olosuhteiden tunnistamille ja ymmärtämiselle. Jotta laadun ja vaikuttavuuden aikaan saamiseksi tarvittavat voimavarat voidaan arvoida objektiivisesti, ei monipuolisen kustannuslaskennan merkitystä voida liikaa korostaa. Siirtyminen integroitujen verkostojen toimintaan tuo oman lisähaasteensa. Tällöin arvonmuodostuksen kulmakivinä toimivat yhteinen visio ja sitä palveleva tietotuotanto.
Nursing Informatics Certification
Authors: Liljamo Pia , Ahonen Outi , Suutarla Anna , Saranto Kaija
Published: April 2017

Since 2012 nursing specialty certificate in Nursing Informatics (NI) have been available for members of the Finnish Nurses Association (FNA). The applicant must be a RN and a member of FNA. The evaluation is based on a portfolio which the applicant must draw up as a proof of the accomplishments in her/his post-degree career in three categories: work experience, formal education and cooperation and developmental activities relating nursing informatics specialty. 

Awarding criteria will be updated in the spring 2017 to meet the other criteria of professional cooperative organizations, as well as nursing informatics and information technology in today's nursing content. Nursing informatics specialty certificate have been awarded to five nurse. This article aims to introduce the certification system as well as to tell experiences of nurses with the NI specialty certificate, their experiences of the application process, effects on duties and ideas for further development of the certificate system.
Suomalaisten lääkäreiden ja hammaslääkäreiden terveydenhuollon tietotekniikan erityispätevyys: tavoitteet, sisältö ja ensikokemukset
Authors: Reponen Jarmo
Published: April 2017

Finland was to our knowledge the first country in Europe to establish a professional special competence for healthcare information technology (eHealth) since 2012 to physicians and since 2015 to dentists. The special competence requires two year full time service and theoretical studies after a qualified medical specialist consultant status. Those who have earned the title are thus already experienced medical doctors and dentists. The new competence gives them an ability to utilize their knowledge about health care processes for the benefit of the new eHealth and mHealth services. By the end of year 2016 total 87 professionals have been enrolled to the program and 58 physicians and 3 dentists have already graduated. Those graduated have found positions as leading healthcare information technology experts or in administrative tasks in regional or national eHealth and mHealth projects. The special competence program is a joint effort of Finnish Society of Telemedicine and eHealth, Finnish Medical Association and Finnish Dental Association.
Analysis Method for the Heating of the Human Eye Exposed to High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields
Authors: Peratta Andrés , Poljak Dragan
Published: April 2017

The paper studies the thermal rise in the human eye caused by time harmonic electromagnetic waves. An eye has been illuminated by a high frequency plane wave with powerdensity 5.0 mW/cm2. Such a problem has been considered as an electromagnetic scattering problem since part of EM energy is transmitted to the eye and part of it is reflected. The total electric field inside an eye and related Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) has been calculated in a frequency range from 0.7 to 4.4 GHz via a hybrid BEM/FEM approach. Knowing the SAR distribution inside the eye provides the calculation of related temperature rise in the human eye due to high frequency radiation by solving Bio-Heat Transfer Equation via standard finite element method.
Saving Energy and Maximizing Connectivity by Adapting Transmission Range in 802.11g MANETs
Authors: Djemili Tolba Fatiha , Magoni Damien , Lorenz Pascal
Published: April 2017

Node lifetime is an important metric for communication in networks. However, node lifetime is still severely restricted by the limitations of power supply. In this paper we propose a new algorithm Save Energy and Maximize Connectivity (SEMC) that economizes the energy and keepsconnectivity between the nodes. By varying the transmission range and respecting the behavior of node (mobility), the energy consumption will be considerably reduced and the connectivity can be continually preserved. The advantage of SEMC indeed that it is generic and it can be used by all MANET routing algorithms such as AODV and DYMO. Results obtained by SEMC are compared with those produced by IEEE 802.11g. We implement the SEMC algorithm using the NS-2 simulator and perform an extensive experimental evaluation of several important performance measures with a focus on energy consumption and connectivity. Our findings indeed demonstrate that SEMC achieves significant improvements in node’s lifetimeand communication in the network.
Propagation Measurements at 2.4 GHz Inside a University Building and Estimation of Saleh- Valenzuela Parameters
Authors: Blažević Zoran , Zanchi Igor , Marinović Ivan
Published: April 2017

In this paper we analyze measurements conducted in an indoor environment of our university building at a centralfrequency of 2.4 GHz in terms of the Saleh-Valenzuela channel. The channel parameters are extrapolated by processing the power-delay profiles measured by a vector network analyzer. Final adjustments of the parameters are obtained by comparison of simulated and measured delay-spread cumulative density functions, where a quite good agreement between the two is obtained. The predictions of the coherence bandwidth are satisfactory as well. We also considered some extensions to the original form of the model and concluded that the one that would be worthy to apply is the one that, besides temporal, incorporates also spatial information about the channel, whereas other modifications are found to be unnecessary or even unjustified for evaluation of this indoor propagation scenario.
Radiation Hazard Aspect of Shipboard Radiocommunication Equipment
Authors: Šarolić Antonio , Modlic Borivoj
Published: April 2017

The paper analyzes the electromagnetic (EM) radiofrequency (RF) radiation hazards onboard a ship arising from shipboard radiocommunication and navigation equipment. EM field effect on personnel and equipment can be harmful if field levels exceed the threshold values. These fields need to be controlled for proper protection. Ships are equipped with lots of EM RF radiation sources with different frequencies and output power levels. Typical shipboard EM RF radiation sources include: terrestrial radiocommunication transmitters, navigational radars and satellite ship earth stations (SES). Examples of these sources are analyzed in the paper. EM field estimation using simple worst-case calculation is given for a typical HF transmitter, X-band navigational radar and the Inmarsat SES A, B, C, F and M. The estimation problems are discussed. The calculation results are compared with international civil and military standards. The results show that potential hazards exist and that a reasonable amount of caution is needed.
A Cross-Layer Design Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks with Environmental Monitoring Applications
Authors: Lu Kejie
Published: April 2017

In the past few years, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are becoming more and more attractive because they can provide services that are not possible or not feasible before. In this paper, we address the design issues of an important type of WSNs, i.e., WSNs that enable environmental monitoring applications. We first provide an overview and analysis for our ongoing research project about a WSN for coastal-area acoustic monitoring. Based on the analysis, we then propose a cross-layer design framework for future WSNs that provide environmentalmonitoring services. The focus of the framework is the network layer design and the key idea of the framework is to fully understand and exploit both the physical layer characteristics and the requirements of upper layer applications and services. Particularly, for the physical layer characteristics, our framework 1) can enable advanced communication technologies such as cooperative communication and network coding; 2) can utilize the transmission characteristics for identifying/authenticating asender; and 3) can exploit the communication pattern as a mean of sensing. For the requirements of applications and services, our framework 1) is service-oriented; 2) can enable distributed applications; 3) can utilize the fact that many applications do not have strict delay constraints. To illustrate the advantages of the framework, we also conduct a case study that may be a typical scenario in the near future. We believe that our study in this work can provide a guideline for future WSN design.
ASSESSMENT OF COMPETENCE OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION GRADUATES OF THE PREPARATION DIRECTION "INFORMATION SECURITY" ON THE BASIS OF FUZZY COGNITIVE APPROACH
Authors: Knyazeva Oksana Mikhailovna , Gurskaya Tatiana Gennadievna , Azhmukhamedov Iscandar Maratovich , Daviduk Nadezhda Valerievna
Published: April 2017

The proposed method of assessment of competence of higher educational institution graduates developed on the example of the preparation direction "Information Security" takes into account the following peculiarities of the problem: the incompleteness and uncertainty of information about the skills and knowledge of graduates; multicriteria of the problems caused by the need to allow a large number of partial indicators relating to educational activities and the formation of competencies; availability of both quantitative and qualitative indicators to be taken into account when assessing the level of competence. Fuzzy cognitive model, which consists of five levels, has been developed. The input model provides data about the level of implementation of the tasks assigned to graduate. The output model is the level of competence of a graduate. The developed method can be used in any Higher Educational Institutions to assess the graduate’s competence of different direction and specialties by changing concepts and inter-level relations of developed fuzzy cognitive model.
THE SOLUTION OF MULTICRITERIA PROBLEM OF SELECTION OF GALVANIC COATINGS USING THE METHOD OF ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS
Authors: Mukina Inna Aleksandrovna , Litovka Yuriy Vladimirovich , Solovjev Denis Sergeevich
Published: April 2017

The task of choosing the metal for electroplating coating in terms of economic, physical and mechanical, technological and ecological criteria is set and solved. The features of the application of the method of hierarchy analysis in order to simplify technical and economic analysis are considered. The criteria of comparison and type of the hierarchy to compare types of coating of fastening part are proposed. Modification of the classical method of hierarchy analysis, which eliminates the expert from evaluating the alternatives by criteria using a 9-point scale, is described. With the described modification, the alternatives of electroplating coating of parts are evaluated. The obtained results can be used further for automation of the tasks of technological preparation of electroplating manufactures requiring intellectualization of the solutions.
AUTOMATION OF MONITORING PROCESS AND REGULATION OF PRESSURE IN THE PIPELINE
Authors: Korostelev Dmitriy Aleksandrovich , Levaya Marina Nikolaevna , Levyy Igor Sergeevich
Published: April 2017

It was described the mathematical model of quick and smooth changes and the pressure damping in the pipeline by the method of throttling the flow, implying the use as a regulatory body rotary valves with a variable flow area. The characteristic zones with different flow of the medium in the pipeline were identified: the input and output zone, confusor zone, hydraulic nozzle, the abrupt expansion the channel, the direct channel. The main parameters that characterize a butterfly damper have been brought. The calculation algorithm of pressure losses in the damper was considered, the conclusion about the possibility of its use in creating software to monitor and regulate pressure in the pipeline was made. The place of automatic pressure control system in the system of automation of oil pumping stations was specified, and its functions were allocated. The architecture and structure of database software modeling and control of pressure in the pipeline were described. The tools and technologies used in software development were specified. The description of the algorithm was suggested that regulates the pressure in the pipeline, taking into account the indications that installed on the nodes of the oil pumping stations. The principles of the behavior of the system in case of exceeding the threshold value of the damper in 70 degrees and interaction with the controllers were defined. The user interface of the software and the main scenarios with it were described. The result of the study is to describe the technical and design solutions used in the implementation of software systems for monitoring and controlling the pressure in the pipeline on the basis of a mathematical model. The possibility of using software developed in real time, and for training purposes was mentioned.
METHOD OF CHOOSING OF DISCIPLINES, USED DURING THE FORMATION OF TERM TIMETABLE
Authors: Sidelev Andrey Aleksandrovich
Published: April 2017

The necessity for transition of a number of educational institutions to the use of term timetable has been explained. The stages of formation of such a class timetable are defined. They are: preliminary (a list of disciplines and a number of class hours a week are determined) and basic (class scheduling during a week is carried out). The problems the dispatcher of educational institution faces weekly when scheduling, are stated. The method allowing at the first stage solution of the problems of choosing the disciplines is described in detail. This method has been realized as a part of the information system "Management of the college", developed and implemented in the educational process at Kamyshin technical college (Volgograd region), that made it possible both to reduce the time spent on scheduling and improve its quality.
THE ALGORITHM OF CALCULATION OF THE SHELL THICKNESS, OVERCOME SPHERICAL BODY
Authors: Malkov Georgy Aleksandrovich , Lyasnikova Natalia Nikolaevna , Kiselev Mikhail Aleksandrovich , Komissarov Yuriy Alekseevich
Published: April 2017

The algorithm of calculation of the maximum thickness of the plastic barriers, overcome spherical body with given geometric, kinematic and physical-mechanical parameters, which is based on the analysis of the deformation of a barrier and a spherical body. The technique uses the minimum parameters of the body and the obstacles presented in the relevant references. It does not require expensive mechanical and ballistic tests, based on the calculation of energy balance: energy barriers and deformation of a spherical body, the energy to move the body before the emergence of boundary stresses, leading to the destruction of barriers on the one hand and the initial kinetic energy of the spherical body with the other hand. The example used methodology (algorithm) of calculation, which showed that sufficiently accurate coincidence of the experimental and theoretical data.
INTELLECTUAL DECISION-MAKING SUPPORT ON BUDGETARY CREDITING OF THE REGIONS
Authors: Buldakova Tatyana Ivanovna , Dzhalolov Akhmad Sharofiddinovich
Published: April 2017

The task about granting the budgetary credits to regions is considered, its mathematical formulation is given and features of decision are distinguished. The examples of socio-economic development indicators of regions are given. Due to weak structuring of budgetary crediting problem the system approach to its decision is offered. The basic groups of the factors influencing decision-making are formed. These factors determine the financial state of the regions, their economic situation and regional processes in the social sphere. The assessment of socio-economic indices and coordination of decisions on each group of the factors are executed by means of neuro-fuzzy network. Network structure reflects the qualified expert knowledge in the field of the region budgetary crediting, presented in the form of fuzzy variables and fuzzy rules. The architecture of the network is developed and the features of its training are explained.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN GOOD GOVERNANCE TERHADAP KINERJA UNIT PELAYANAN PUBLIK, DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN LINGKUNGAN EKSTERNAL SEBAGAI MODERATING VARIABLE.
Authors: DAHLAN MUHAMMAD
Published: April 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh budaya organisasi dan lingkungan eksternal sebagai variabel pemoderasi terhadap hubungan antara penerapan prinsip-prinsip Good Governance dan kinerja unit pelayanan publik. Faktor budaya dan lingkungan eksternal menjadi penting di Kantor Kecamatan Kota Bandung, karena siapapun aparatur pemerintah jika golongan dan jabatannya sama akan menerima penghasilan yang sama meskipun diantara mereka beban kerjanya berbeda.Penelitian menggunakan metode eksplanatori yang artinya menjelaskan sebab dan akibat dari teori yang digunakan dalam menguji permasalahannya. Metode ini digunakan dengan pertimbangan yaitu selama proses pengumpulan data, analisis dan penarikan kesimpulan, peneliti melakukan konfirmasi kembali antara teori dengan hasil penelitian yang dihasilkan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dilaksanakan di 30 Kantor Kecamatan Kota Badung.Hasil penelitian menunjukan budaya organisasi dan lingkungan eksternal bukan sebagai variabel pemoderasi terhadap hubungan antara penerapan good governance dan kinerja unit pelayanan publik. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil tes tahap satu menunjukan variabel penerapan good governance berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pelayanan publik. Kemudian pada tes tahap kedua menunjukan variabel budaya organisasi dan lingkungan eksternal tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pelayanan publik. Artinya budaya organisasi dan kondisi lingkungan eksternal belum menjadi faktor pendorong layanan publik karena mereka bekerja mengikuti aturan dan kebijakan formal yang berlaku.
PERDAGANGAN GULA ILEGAL DI WILAYAH PERBATASAN ENTIKONG INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA
Authors: - Elyta
Published: April 2017

Tujuan penelitian ingin menganalisa penyebab terjadinya perdagangan gula ilegal antara Indonesia dan Malaysia di wilayah perbatasan Entikong  Indonesia dan  Malaysia. Jumlah produksi gula di Indonesia yang tidak sebanding dengan jumlah kebutuhan masyarakat menimbulkan terjadinya aktivitas impor gula dari negara Malaysia. Aktivitas impor dalam jangka panjang mengakibatkan negara Indonesia mengalami kerugian dan membuka peluang terjadinya perdagangan gula ilegal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dengan menggunakan library research dan wawancara. Library research dilakukan dengan mengambil data dari buku, jurnal, koran dan laporan dari instansi terkait,  sedangkan wawancara dilakukan dengan mewawancarai informan yang mengetahui dan menangan kasus gula ilegal di perbatasan Entikong Indonesia Dan  Malaysia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perdagangan ilegal terjadi dikarenakan: 1) penyalahgunaan legislasi Border Trade Agreement  (BTA) dengan tujuan mencari keuntungan sebesar-besarnya; 2) harga gula Malaysia lebih murah dibandingkan dengan harga gula Indonesia sehingga terjadi disparasi.
PENGEMBANGAN PETERNAKAN SAPI PERAH DAN DINAMIKA MODA PRODUKSI USAHA PETERNAKAN SAPI PERAH DI PANGALENGAN JAWA BARAT
Authors: Mauludin Mochamad Ali
Published: April 2017

Pangalengan telah menjadi salah satu sentra peternakan sapi perah terkemuka di Jawa Barat selain Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Hingga saat ini, hal tersebut masih terus berlangsung bahkan Pangalengan ditetapkan sebaga ikon peternakan sapi perah Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengembangan peternakan sapi perah dan dinamika moda produksi usaha peternakan sapi perah di Pangalengan dari masa ke masa mulai dari awal keberadaannya hingga saat ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengembangan peternakan sapi perah di Pangalengan terklasifikasi menjadi tiga periode yaitu periode penjajahan (sebelum 1945), periode Perintis (tahun 1945 sampai 1975), dan periode Kontemporer (1975 s/d sekarang) sedangkan dinamika moda produksi usaha peternakan sapi perah terbentuk pada periodisasi tersebut antara lain capitalist, semi-petty commodity, petty commodity. Kekuatan produksi di tiap periode adalah ternak sapi perah, lahan dan keterampilan peternak. Sedangkan yang membedakan dari keseluruhan periode tersebut adalah jumlah penguasaan ternak, ketersediaan lahan yang berkurang serta meningkatnya keterampilan peternak yang didukung oleh kemajuan teknologi dan pengetahuan. Dalam hubungan produksi, terjadi transformasi hubungan kerja dan munculnya jenis pekerjaan baru.
El falso sobrino del Papa. Un plan contra el obispo de Puebla durante la expulsión de los jesuitas
Authors: Torres Puga Gabriel
Published: April 2017

En 1767 un ex jesuita poblano y un italiano aventurero coincidieron en la cárcel episcopal de Puebla. Los reclamos del primero, crítico acérrimo del obispo Francisco Fabián y Fuero, encontraron un vehículo de liberación en las ilusiones que el segundo le ofreció, fingiéndose sobrino del Papa. El resultado fue un extraño plan que adquirió un carácter “sedicioso” al mezclarse con la murmuración sobre la expulsión de los jesuitas. Varios expedientes judiciales e indagatorias secretas permiten reconstruir esta historia de mentiras, intrigas y anhelos de expresión crítica, al tiempo que ofrecen la oportunidad de reflexionar sobre el disenso del clero americano en un momento de redefinición del regalismo y de la censura.
El fin de la infidelidad o epílogo razonado sobre la conquista espiritual en las Provincias Internas de la Nueva España
Authors: Sheridan Prieto Cecilia
Published: April 2017

En 1802, el franciscano descalzo Mariano López y Pimentel, misionero de la provincia de San Diego de México, presentó al rey de España un plan profusamente elaborado con el que aseguraba se podría convertir a los millones de infieles nativos de América y Asia que aún esperaban ser salvados. El “Colegio de Misioneros Nacionales” albergaría a miles de niños nativos de ambos continentes, para ser formados como misioneros en su propia lengua. El proyecto parte de las dificultades que el fraile observó y cuestionó, en relación a los esfuerzos franciscanos practicados en las entonces llamadas Provincias Internas de la Nueva España y, para Asia, en la inspiración del padre Claudio Francisco Letondal, procurador de las misiones en China. El interés por el proyecto de López y Pimentel en este trabajo, radica en la percepción del fraile sobre la conquista espiritual en el norte novohispano, como expresión particular del contexto político de reproche a los efectos alcanzados en la conversión de los nativos.