bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Na+ permeation on collective migration of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells
Authors: Xu Ningyong , Ayers Linn , Pastukh Viktoriya , Alexeyev Mikhail , Stevens Troy , Tambe Dhananjay T.
Published: April 2021

Collective migration of endothelial cells is important for wound healing and angiogenesis. During such migration, each constituent endothelial cell coordinates its magnitude and direction of migration with its neighbors while retaining intercellular adhesion. Ensuring coordination and cohesion involves a variety of intra- and inter-cellular signaling processes. However, the role of permeation of extracellular Na+ in collective cell migration remains unclear. Here, we examined the effect of Na+ permeation in collective migration of pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) monolayers triggered by either a scratch injury or a barrier removal over 24 hours. In the scratch assay, PAEC monolayers migrated in two approximately linear phases. In the first phase, wound closure started with fast speed which then rapidly reduced within 5 hours after scratching. In the second phase, wound closure maintained at slow and stable speed from 6 to 24 hours. In the absence of extracellular Na+, the wound closure distance was reduced by >50%. Fewer cells at the leading edge protruded prominent lamellipodia. Beside transient gaps, some sustained interendothelial gaps also formed and progressively increased in size over time, and some fused with adjacent gaps. In the absence of both Na+ and scratch injury, PAEC monolayer migrated even more slowly, and interendothelial gaps obviously increased in size towards the end. Pharmacological inhibition of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) using amiloride reduced wound closure distance by 30%. Inhibition of both the ENaC and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) using benzamil further reduced wound closure distance in the second phase and caused accumulation of floating particles in the media. Surprisingly, pharmacological inhibition of the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel protein 1 (Orai1) using GSK-7975A, the transient receptor potential channel protein 1 and 4 (TRPC1/4) using Pico145, or both Orai1 and TRPC1/4 using combined GSK-7975A and Pico145 treatment did not affect wound closure distance dramatically. Nevertheless, the combined treatment appeared to cause accumulation of floating particles. Note that GSK-7975A also inhibits small inward Ca2+ currents via Orai2 and Orai3 channels, whereas Pico145 also blocks TRPC4, TRPC5, and TRPC1/5 channels. By contrast, gene silence of Orai1 by shRNAs led to a 25% reduction of wound closure in the first 6 hours but had no effect afterwards. However, in the absence of extracellular Na+ or cellular injury, Orai1 did not affect PAEC collective migration. Overall, the data reveal that Na+ permeation into cells contributes to PAEC monolayer collective migration by increasing lamellipodial formation, reducing accumulation of floating particles, and improving intercellular adhesion.
Are the shareholding and trading behaviors of diverse investors affected by the relaxation of day trading?
Authors: Cheng Wan-Hsiu , Ni Yensen , Ho Ting-Hsun , Chiang Chia-Jung , Huang Paoyu , Cheng Yirung
Published: April 2021

The day trading in Taiwanese stock market expands considerably at the beginning of 2016, which increases the transactions of stocks consequently and sparks our interest in exploring the issue of day trading. In this study, we use the data of Taiwan Stock Exchange listed firms to investigate whether the day trading volume over total trading volume (hereinafter referred to as the day trading ratio) and the turnover ratio enhanced by the increase of day trading volume would affect the shareholding and trading behaviors of diverse institutional and individual investors. Unquestionably, we bring out several impressive findings. First, foreign institutional investors would not prefer holding or trading the stocks with high day trading ratios, whereas individual investors would prefer holding these kinds of stocks. We infer that this finding might result from the fundamental and the speculative concerns of these various investors. Second, domestic institutional investors and security dealers would prefer trading the stocks with high turnover ratios, but foreign institutional investors still lack of interest in trading these stocks, implying that the investment strategies would be dissimilar among various institutional investors. Since foreign institutional investors are regarded as the successful institutional investors in Taiwan, we argue that our revealed results may help market participants trace the behaviors of diverse investors, especially the foreign institutional investors, after day trading relaxation in Taiwan.
How COVID-19 affected mental well-being: An 11- week trajectories of daily well-being of Koreans amidst COVID-19 by age, gender and region
Authors: Choi Incheol , Kim Joo Hyun , Kim Namhee , Choi Eunsoo , Choi Jongan , Suk Hye Won , Na Jinkyung
Published: April 2021

The present study examined the daily well-being of Koreans (n = 353,340) for 11 weeks during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 20 –April 7). We analyzed whether and how life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, and life meaning changed during the outbreak. First, we found that the well-being of Koreans changed daily in a cubic fashion, such that it declined and recovered during the early phase but declined substantially during the later phase (after COVID- 19 was declared world pandemic by WHO). Second, unlike other emotions, boredom displayed a distinctive pattern of linear increase, especially for younger people, suggesting that boredom might be, in part, responsible for their inability to comply with social distancing recommendations. Third, the well-being of older people and males changed less compared to younger people and females. Finally, daily well-being dropped significantly more in the hard-hit regions than in other regions. Implications and limitations are discussed.
The Italian Obstetric Surveillance System: Implementation of a bundle of population-based initiatives to reduce haemorrhagic maternal deaths
Authors: Donati Serena , Buoncristiano Marta , Lega Ilaria , D’Aloja Paola , Maraschini Alice ,   for the ItOSS working group
Published: April 2021

In this before and after cross-sectional analysis, the authors aim to assess the impact of the bundle of research and training initiatives implemented between 2013 and 2018, and coordinated by the Italian Obstetric Surveillance System (ItOSS) to reduce obstetric haemorrhagic emergencies in five selected Italian Regions. To this purpose, the haemorrhagic Maternal Mortality Ratios (MMR) per 100,000 live births were estimated before and after implementing the bundle, through the ItOSS’s vital statistic linkage procedures and incident reporting and Confidential Enquiries. The research and training bundle was offered to all health professionals involved in pregnancy and birth care in the selected regions, representing 40% of national live births, and participating in the ItOSS audit cycle since its institution. The haemorrhagic MMR significantly decreased from 2.49/100,000 live births [95% CI 1.75 to 3.43] in the years 2007–2013 prior to the bundle implementation, to 0.77/100,000 live births [95% CI 0.31 to 1.58] in the years 2014–2018 after its implementation. According to the study results, the bundle of population-based initiatives might have contributed to reducing the haemorrhagic MMR in the participating regions, thus improving the quality of care of the major obstetric haemorrhage.
Quantitative research on the efficiency of ancient information transmission system: A case study of Wenzhou in the Ming Dynasty
Authors: Zhang Yukun , Wu Bei , Tan Lifeng , Liu Jiayi
Published: April 2021

In ancient China, an unobstructed, convenient and efficient transmission system nationwide was established for long-distance transmission of information. The transmission system works to different degrees in different regions, which is an important index to measure the interregional information level. Yet, some minor differences, may not be easily sensed by people subjectively. Identifying and quantifying the influences of information transmission efficiency is the best way to solve this problem. Based on the historical information map visualized by ArcGIS software, this study established a hierarchy evaluation model suitable for the analysis of ancient information transmission efficiency from three aspects of Wei-Suo system, beacon system and post system. The information transmission systems in five different regions of Wenzhou in the Ming Dynasty were quantitatively explored respectively. The results break through the qualitative conclusions of the general studies, and find out that the overall information transmission efficiency of Wenzhou in Ming Dynasty was strong in coastal, northern and southern regions, but weak in inland and central regions, which was closely related to the geographical environment and military defense demands in coastal areas of the Ming Dynasty. The model is proven to greatly contribute to judging the spatial configuration of ancient information transmission system in different regions, and provides a new idea for the study on ancient information transmission system.
Up-regulation of cytosolic prostaglandin E synthase in fetal-membrane and amniotic prostaglandin E2 accumulation in labor
Authors: Takahashi Nanase , Okuno Toshiaki , Fujii Hiroki , Makino Shintaro , Takahashi Masaya , Ohba Mai , Saeki Kazuko , Itakura Atsuo , Takeda Satoru , Yokomizo Takehiko
Published: April 2021

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is known to have important roles in labor, but the detailed mechanism underlying the spontaneous human labor remains unknown. Here, we examined the involvement of prostaglandin biosynthetic enzymes and transporter in the accumulation of PGE2 in amniotic fluid in human labor. PGE2 and its metabolites were abundant in amniotic fluid in deliveries at term in labor (TLB), but not at term not in labor (TNL). In fetal-membrane Transwell assays, levels of PGE2 production in both maternal and fetal compartments were significantly higher in the TLB group than the TNL group. In fetal-membrane, the mRNA level of PTGES3, which encodes cytosolic prostaglandin E synthase (cPGES), was significantly higher in TLB than in TNL, but the mRNA levels of the other PGE2-synthase genes were not affected by labor. Moreover, the mRNA level of PTGS2, which encodes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the amnion was significantly higher in TLB than in TNL. Western blot analyses revealed that the levels of COX-1 and COX-2 were comparable between the two groups, however, the level of cPGES was relatively higher in TLB than in TNL. COXs, cPGES, and prostaglandin transporter (SLCO2A1) proteins were all expressed in both chorionic trophoblasts and amniotic epithelium. These findings suggest that COXs, cPGES and SLCO2A1 contribute to PGE2 production from fetal-membrane in labor.
Ideological biases in social sharing of online information about climate change
Authors: Cann Tristan J. B. , Weaver Iain S. , Williams Hywel T. P.
Published: April 2021

Exposure to media content is an important component of opinion formation around climate change. Online social media such as Twitter, the focus of this study, provide an avenue to study public engagement and digital media dissemination related to climate change. Sharing a link to an online article is an indicator of media engagement. Aggregated link-sharing forms a network structure which maps collective media engagement by the user population. Here we construct bipartite networks linking Twitter users to the web pages they shared, using a dataset of approximately 5.3 million English-language tweets by almost 2 million users during an eventful seven-week period centred on the announcement of the US withdrawal from the Paris Agreement on climate change. Community detection indicates that the observed information-sharing network can be partitioned into two weakly connected components, representing subsets of articles shared by a group of users. We characterise these partitions through analysis of web domains and text content from shared articles, finding them to be broadly described as a left-wing/environmentalist group and a right-wing/climate sceptic group. Correlation analysis shows a striking positive association between left/right political ideology and environmentalist/sceptic climate ideology respectively. Looking at information-sharing over time, there is considerable turnover in the engaged user population and the articles that are shared, but the web domain sources and polarised network structure are relatively persistent. This study provides evidence that online sharing of news media content related to climate change is both polarised and politicised, with implications for opinion dynamics and public debate around this important societal challenge.
Transmission of tuberculosis between foreign-born and Finnish-born populations in Finland, 2014–2017
Authors: Räisänen Pirre Emilia , Haanperä Marjo , Soini Hanna , Ruutu Petri , Nuorti J. Pekka , Lyytikäinen Outi
Published: April 2021

We describe the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) and characterized Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) isolates to evaluate transmission between foreign-born and Finnish-born populations. Data on TB cases were obtained from the National Infectious Disease Register and denominator data on legal residents and their country of birth from the Population Information System. M. tuberculosis isolates were genotyped by spoligotyping and Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit Variable Number Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR). We characterized clusters by age, sex, origin and region of living which included both foreign-born cases and those born in Finland. During 2014–2017, 1015 TB cases were notified; 814 were confirmed by culture. The proportion of foreign-born cases increased from 33.3% to 39.0%. Foreign-born TB cases were younger (median age, 28 vs. 75 years), and had extrapulmonary TB or multidrug-TB more often than Finnish-born cases (P<0.01 for all comparisons). Foreign-born cases were born in 60 different countries; most commonly in Somalia (25.5%). Altogether 795 isolates were genotyped; 31.2% belonged to 80 different clusters (range, 2–13 cases/cluster). Fourteen (17.5%) clusters included isolates from both Finnish-born and foreign-born cases. An epidemiological link between cases was identified by (epidemiological) background information in two clusters. Although the proportion of foreign-born TB cases was considerable, our data suggests that transmission of TB between foreign and Finnish born population is uncommon.
‘Hospitality’, boundary crossing and thresholds applied in education: Embodying manaakitanga and whanaungatanga
Authors: Wright Noeline , Heaton Sharyn
Published: April 2021

In everyday understanding, ‘hospitality’ refers to paid work contexts; commodities and transactional tasks. Hospitality can, however, have much broader significance. It can be understood in cultural and social terms within and beyond transactional contexts. In Māori cultural knowledge and practices for example, hospitality has reciprocal, relational nuances. Perhaps both views imply that ‘hospitality’ is an act of ‘crossing boundaries […] or thresholds’ as suggested. Relational, reciprocal, boundary-crossing practices may also infer ritual understandings of respect, kindness, generosity and harmony. Crossing thresholds is a central concept in Māori knowledge and practices and is central to this article exploring concepts and practices of hospitality in a new primary school focused on building its practices on relational and reciprocal values. In Aotearoa New Zealand educational contexts, hospitality is a cultural, social reciprocal and relational practice. Thus, through examining ‘hospitality’, ‘borders’ and ‘thresholds’ across the boundaries of education and commerce, we hope to illuminate both connections and differences. We do so through reviewing both literature about ‘hospitality’, ‘borders’ and ‘thresholds’ and interview data from a new school intentionally valuing whanaungatanga.
Performance of hospitality within restricting meal frames: An observational study of four hospital wards in Sweden
Authors: Jonsson Ann-Sofie , Öström Åsa , Nyberg Maria
Published: April 2021

Hospitality is a social phenomenon expressing relationships between a host and a guest. This relationship can be seen in its most extreme form within a hospital setting, where the guest is a patient staying within an establishment where the core activity is not to provide the patient with food and drinks but to treat medical conditions. The aim of this study is therefore to explore how hospitality was performed by nursing staff and meal hosts in the dining room environments at four hospital wards and to explore the specific role of the room and its artefacts in facilitating or hindering acts of hospitality. In total, twenty non-participating observations were conducted across four wards within two Swedish hospitals. The dramaturgical theory proposed by Goffman was used as theoretical lens. Field notes were analysed in accordance with qualitative content analyses and yielded two overarching themes: (1) Hospitality and hospitableness through acts of caring and (2) The dining room environment’s potential to promote or hinder acts of hospitality. The findings suggest that the dining room environment facilitated timely service for the patients when the materiality within the room followed the principles of mise en place and included the constant presence of a staff member. This is seen as an important finding in relation to what needs to be addressed when planning hospital dining room environments and to the patients’ ability to consume a meal within a frame that acknowledges and assists the patients during their meals.
African Language Digital Media and Communication, Abiodun Salawu (ed.) (2019)
Authors: Uzuegbunam Chikezie E.
Published: April 2021

Review of: African Language Digital Media and Communication, Abiodun Salawu (ed.) (2019)

Abingdon: Routledge, 248 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-81535-954-8, p/bk, £36.99, h/bk, £120.00, e-book, £33.29
Locations
Authors: Klein Jenny
Published: April 2021

This article focuses on Agnes Varda’s film, The Beaches of Agnes using the writings of Tim Ingold and Jean-Luc Nancy, alongside my own artistic practice, to reflect on our relationships with different places, the memories attached to them and how these change over time. This leads to a consideration of the surfaces and boundaries associated with time and place, and how these might be breached in our encounters with the world around us. Referring to Ingold and Nancy, the article reflects on some possible similarities between encounters with places and with works of art.
Still rendering: An exploration of 3D technologies for painting and other conventional mediums
Authors: Cheek Caitlin
Published: April 2021

Artists working in the field of animation, games and films are expected to have in-depth knowledge of three-dimensional (3D) software as well as traditional art principles. However, when it comes to creating conventional paintings, many artists have yet to use 3D computer imaging. 3D software expands beyond what is possible in other computer programmes such as Photoshop, InDesign or Illustrator by giving the creator access to unlimited potential in three dimensions. My work embraces these modern technologies, crossing the boundaries between new and old media, to inform the paintings I create with oil on canvas. I utilize 3D software to push the surreal yet realistic quality of a setting. In this article, I explore my work in the context of historical precedents and contemporary examples that combine conventional media and 3D computer imaging. Keeping up and creatively employing these technologies within conventional modes of painting presents an opportunity to push the boundaries of my art.
Nascent Entrepreneurship: Exploratory Research Based on Systematic Literature Review and Text Analysis
Authors: Szabó Krisztofer
Published: April 2021

A brilliant idea means nothing if it stays in someone’s mind and doesn’t come to life. The process of an idea developed into a new business is very unstable, like a balloon in the wind that can blow in any possible direction. Sometimes the idea gets thrown away, sometimes it creates something extraordinary. Studies on nascent entrepreneurs contribute to the understanding of the factors affecting the intention of an individual to become an entrepreneur. Nascent entrepreneurship is a rather new topic of research. There are large number of journals on the topic only since the early 2000’s. There are several challenges in defining the topic accurately since the beginning and the end of the process is not always clear. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish between the idea phase and the ongoing work in progress. In addition, research results are difficult to compare with each other because of conceptual uncertainties and different approaches. In this paper the most important literary background related to nascent entrepreneurship is presented. In this study, keyword searches reveal the most frequently researched conceptual approaches to the intention of starting a new business. In the critical analysis of selected papers, the research is confined to the field of business and management and economics, which I explore with the steps of the Systematic Literature Review methodology. In the comprehensive literature review is based on bibliometric analysis and quantitative text analysis. Results, proposals and future research areas are also presented.
A generációváltás kihívása a magyar KKV szektorban
Authors: Filep Judit , Szirmai Péter
Published: April 2021

Az EU alapító országaiban vállalkozói dinasztiák léteznek, illetve a kis családi vállalkozások nagy hányada is már több generációt túlélt, bőven rendelkeznek tapasztalatokkal a generációváltásban. A magyarországi vállalkozások csak most szembesülnek először ezzel a kihívással. A szerzők ezért fontosnak tartják a téma kutatását, melynek eredményei segítséget jelenthetnek a magyar vállalkozásoknak abban, hogy az első generációváltást túlélhessék, és az átadás ne váljon a vállalkozás hanyatlásának előjátékává.
A logisztikai stratégia elmélete és legfontosabb kérdései
Authors: Gritsch Mátyás
Published: April 2021

A cikkben a szerző áttekinti a logisztikai stratégia alapvető feladatait, a vállalati logisztikai gondolkodást és a stratégiaalkotást támogató legfontosabb modelleket, az irodalomban található logisztikai stratégiai típusokat és a logisztikai képességeket. Megállapítja, hogy a logisztikai képességek kulcsszerepet tölthetnek be a logisztikai és vállalati versenyképességben egyaránt. Ennek ellenére – néhány vállalati eset kivételével – nincs olyan vizsgálat, ami egyértelmű kapcsolatot tudna bemutatni a logisztikai képességek és logisztikai sikeresség, valamint a vállalati versenyképesség között.
Indicadores morfométricos como instrumento de gestão da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Cotia (SP)
Authors: Toniolo Bruno Pereira , De Oliveira Renan Angrizani , Lourenço Roberto Wagner , Silva Darllan Collins da Cunha e
Published: April 2021

Frente às questões que envolvem gerenciamento e escassez de recursos hídricos, este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar a morfométrica da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Cotia (BHRC) – São Paulo (SP). Para tal fim, foram empregadas técnicas geotecnológicas e o modelo digital de elevação (MDE) Alos-Palsar para a determinação de parâmetros morfométricos e extração de drenagem, baseando-se em cinco áreas de contribuição. Os resultados apontaram que a bacia apresenta um formato alongado e com cursos d’água de até 6ª ordem. A BHRC apresenta alta densidade de drenagem, predominância de relevo com inclinação ondulada (8 a 20%) e redes de drenagem do tipo dendrítica. O Rio Cotia tem uma extensão de 35,7 km e a bacia tem uma área de 251,37 km² e um perímetro de 141,97 km. Os parâmetros de fator de forma (0,20), índice de circularidade (0,16), coeficiente de compacidade (2,51) e índice de sinuosidade (1,00) exibiram que a bacia tende a ter alto escoamento superficial e baixa probabilidade de enchentes. Portanto, os indicadores morfométricos podem ser usados em estudos comparativos entre bacias hidrográficas, além de identificar zonas mais adequadas para determinados usos de ocupação do solo, evitando-se impactos negativos e auxiliando, desta forma, na implementação de modelos de gestão ambiental.
DA ZONA DA MATA/MG À REGIÃO GEOGRÁFICA INTERMEDIÁRIA DE JUIZ DE FORA/MG: CONTINUIDADES E DESCONTINUIDADES NAS PROPOSTAS DE REGIONALIZAÇÃO DO IBGE.
Authors: Barros Samarane Fonseca de Souza
Published: April 2021

O trabalho que segue tem como objetivo principal identificar as continuidades e descontinuidades entre a Zona da Mata/MG e a Região Geográfica Intermediária de Juiz de Fora/MG, dois recortes regionais propostos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) em 1990 e 2017 respectivamente. Para tanto, resgatou-se outras regionalizações propostas pelo Instituto para o estado de Minas Gerais e a geo-história do recorte empírico a ser analisado. Metodologicamente, recorreu-se a levantamento bibliográfico e documental, além da elaboração de mapas e quadros que auxiliaram na compreensão final do texto. Observou-se que entre as regionalizações de 1990 e 2017 há mais permanências do que rupturas para a área, sendo que a última regionalização ratificou a centralidade de Juiz de Fora como principal polo, além de identificar outras cidades que também desempenham papéis importantes e articulam recortes regionais menores.
DINÂMICA DA COBERTURA VEGETAL E USO DA TERRA DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO SEPOTUBA-MT, BRASIL
Authors: Oliveira Silva Gessica de Jesus , Alves da Silva Neves Sandra Mara , Perlandim Ramos Alexander Webber , Dos Santos Galvanin Edinéia Aparecida
Published: April 2021

A avaliação e monitoramento da qualidade dos recursos hídricos são essenciais para preservação do meio, pois refletem na qualidade da saúde ambiental e pública. Neste sentido, o estudo teve como objetivo principal identificar as principais fontes poluidoras e analisar a qualidade da água da orla da cidade de Anamã, Amazonas, Brasil. As coletas das fontes poluidoras e dos parâmetros físicos, químicos e microbiológicos foram realizadas no primeiro semestre de 2017, em áreas rurais, periurbanas e urbanas ao longo da orla. As áreas urbanas apresentaram um volume maior de resíduos sólidos, com diferença significativa entre a área rural e periurbana (p= 0,005 e 0,036), indicando alto grau de poluição. Além disso, foram classificadas como impróprios para balneabilidade e contato primário. No geral, os parâmetros limnológicos se enquadraram nas resoluções ambientais do CONAMA (Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente), e os sólidos totais em suspensão e condutividade elétrica mostraram-se significativos no eixo 1 e 2 da análise de componentes principais (ACP), com valores elevados em ambientes urbanos e periurbanos. Estas variáveis são importantes para determinar a qualidade da água, especialmente por estar associadas com ambientes alterados.
INVENTÁRIO DE LAGOS GLACIAIS NAS ILHAS NELSON E REI GEORGE, ANTÁRTICA MARÍTIMA
Authors: Araujo Gonçalves de Oliveira Manoela , Petsch Carina , Kellem da Rosa Kátia , Vieira Rosemary , Mattos Costa Rafaela , Perondi Cleiva , Cardia Simões Jefferson
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta o primeiro inventário dos lagos glaciais nas áreas livres de gelo nas ilhas Rei George e Nelson, Antártica Marítima. Foram usadas imagens Landsat, Digital Globe, Planet Scope e Sentinel 2 para vetorização e mapeamento dos lagos através do Google Earth. Para a análise geomorfométrica foram utilizados os MDE Tandem-X e REMA. Há 56 lagos na ilha Nelson e 144 lagos na ilha Rei George, cobrindo um total de 320.000 m² de área e 2.016.169 m² de área, respectivamente. Os lagos se distribuem principalmente nos setores costeiros com baixas declividades (0-20%) e elevações (0-40m) nas áreas expostas das ilhas. Os lagos são formados em setores recentemente em deglaciarização (os lagos de contato com o gelo e marginais ao gelo, como por exemplo, nas áreas proglaciais na baía do Almirantado e Rei George) e deglaciarizados a mais tempo (e.g. Penínsulas Harmnony, Stanbury, Fildes, Potter, Weaver e Barton). A caracterização dos lagos pode auxiliar na explicação de possíveis diferenças de evolução temporal dos lagos, pois o surgimento de lagos nos setores frontais das geleiras mostra o quanto estas estão instáveis ao aquecimento na região, e dessa forma podemos inferir sobre a dinâmica de cada uma delas.
Multi-criteria analysis of resource saving and energy efficiency in the technogenic waste processing system of the oil and gas industry
Authors: Derevyanov Мaksim Y. , Pleshivtseva Yuliya E. , Afinogentov Аleksandr А.
Published: April 2021

The paper proposes a new approach to multi-criteria analysis of resource and energy saving in the system of processing industrial waste of oil and gas enterprises based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The DEA method is being extended by the authors to a completely new subject area of extremely important engineering applications related to the problems of processing oil and oily waste.

The basis of the algorithm for analyzing objects of the wastes processing system considered in the article is a new methodology for sequentially solving interrelated problems of multi-factorial comparison of objects according to heterogeneous quality criteria, which differ in new formulations of related problems of mathematical programming.

The developed algorithm for multi-criteria analysis of resource and energy saving in the processing system allows: collecting, classifying and processing information about the objects of the system; assessment and analysis of the resource value of waste in storage, which determines the degree of suitability of waste for use as material resources in processing technologies associated with their recycling and recovery; assessment and analysis of the resource potential of storage facilities and technologies, which determines the efficiency of the secondary use of industrial waste, taking into account their resource value; evaluation and analysis of the resource and energy saving in the system in general.

The partial and generalized indicators of the efficiency of the waste processing system obtained as a result of solving interrelated problems of mathematical programming are analyzed in the decision support system and make it possible to form local control actions on the system or to justify the strategies for managing the waste processing system.

The proposed approach can in the future receive multiple applications in the oil-bearing regions of the Russian Federation, where the growth in the formation of the technogenic waste has serious and often irreversible environmental consequences.
A Long Lost Relative in theParmenides? Plato’s Family of Hypothetical Methods
Authors: Rodriguez Evan
Published: April 2021

Abstract

TheParmenideshas been unduly overlooked in discussions of hypothesis in Plato. It contains a unique method for testing first principles, a method I call ‘exploring both sides’. The dialogue recommends exploring the consequences of both a hypothesis and its contradictory and thematizes this structure throughout. I challenge the view of Plato’s so-called ‘method of hypothesis’ as an isolated stage in Plato’s development; instead, the evidence of theParmenidessuggests a family of distinct hypothetical methods, each with its own peculiar aim. Exploring both sides is unique both in its structure and in its aim of testing candidate principles.
The philosophy of Constantine the Philosopher of Nicaea
Authors: Eisenberg Merle , Jenkins David
Published: April 2021

The two extant works of Constantine the Philosopher of Nicaea reveal a late twelfth century thinker of the Neoplatonic sensibility typically seen only in those who reached the pinnacle of Byzantine literacy during this period. We argue that he is of particular interest because he coined two philosophical terms that, while mirroring controversial Neoplatonic concepts, better accommodate their Orthodox acceptance.We offer here some background on the author, a short discussion of the philosophical content of these works, and for the first time an English translation of both texts.
Ist Andronikos Synadenos um die Mitte des 12. Jahrhunderts in normannische Gefangenschaft geraten?
Authors: Elam Üyesi Nilgün , Wassiliou-Seibt Alexandra-Kyriaki
Published: April 2021

The museum of Trebizond houses a seal with a metrical legend of special interest, documenting a Synadenos, who had for some time been in a Sicilian prison but managed to escape, and thanks the apostle Thomas for this liberation. He might be Andronikos Synadenos, the husband of Theodora Komnene, a daughter of Alexios I, who served with distinction as general and as diplomat. As a military commander he maintained order in several border regions such as Dyrrachion, Niš, Cyprus, and finally Trebizond. The legend of the seal enhances the information from his epitaph which is known from Codex Marc. gr. 574: Synadenos must have been taken prisoner as dux of Dyrrachion, either at the fights during the Second Crusade in 1147/49, or during the failed expedition to Southern Italy; it ended in 1158 by a peace treaty which included an exchange of prisoners. The seal stems from Synadenos’ last post in his military career as dux of Trapezunt (before 1179), since it was found there. A parallel piece, also published in this article, is nowadays in Dumbarton Oaks.
The portrayal of Syrgiannes Palaiologos Philanthropenos in the historical works of Nikephoros Gregoras and John Kantakouzenos
Authors: Kyriakidis Savvas
Published: April 2021

Syrgiannes Palaiologos Philanthropenos played a leading role in the conflicts between factions of the Byzantine aristocracy in the 1320s and 1330s. The most important historians of the period, Nikephoros Gregoras and John Kantakouzenos, depict a rather negative picture of the personality of Syrgiannes. He is portrayed as an overambitious individual who constantly plots against the throne. He is seen as a perjurer whose actions prove that he has no moral constraints and does not hesitate to betray his friends. This image has influenced modern scholarship which to a large extent uncritically accepts this negative image of Syrgiannes without taking into consideration the biases and contradictions of the narratives of Gregoras and Kantakouzenos. The cross-examination of the information provided by these two historians indicates that a large part of their account of the activities of Syrgiannes and his motives should be treated cautiously.
Byzantine influence on Nubian painting: the loroi and the gender of the Archangels
Authors: Łaptaś Magdalena
Published: April 2021

The conversion of the Nubian Kingdoms, by the missions sent from Constantinople in the sixth century, was followed by Byzantine influence on Nubian art. One of the most obvious examples of this process was representing archangels dressed in loroi. This paper aims to present the evolution of loroi in Nubian art. In Byzantium, they were ceremonial stoles worn on special occasions by the emperors or the highest dignitaries. The archangels were also clad in loroi, acting as high officials at the celestial court. Interestingly, loroi were adopted only for the images of archangels in Nubia, not for the images of Nubian kings. At the end of the 10th century, the lower end of the loroi was expanded to a broader segment resembling the Byzantine thorakion, typical of female images. This could have added splendor to their garments, but could it have also highlighted the vague gender of the archangels?
From Baghdad to Antioch and Constantinople: Ibn Buṭlān and the Byzantines
Authors: Oltean Daniel
Published: April 2021

This article explores the Byzantine network of the famous physician and theologian Ibn Buṭlān who left Baghdad for Antioch and Constantinople in the mid-11th-century. His contacts included Patriarchs Michael Keroularios and Peter III, Michael Psellos and Symeon Seth. Ibn Buṭlān’s monastic vocation raises the question of his link with Nikon of the Black Mountain. They probably crossed paths in the region of Antioch. Both developed ties with local people and institutions and integrated into the monastic customs of the area.
Urinary exosomal CD26 is associated with recovery from acute kidney injury in intensive care units: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Du Juan , Li Yihui , Sun Qiang , Wang Zhihao , Wang Feng , Chen Fangfang , Wang Hao , Liu Yirui , Zhou Huimin , Shang Guokai , Chen Xiaomei , Ding Shifang , Li Chen , Wu Dawei , Zhang Wei , Zhong Ming
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Currently there is no validated method to predict renal reversal and recovery after acute kidney injury (AKI). As exosomes have the potential for AKI prognosis and CD26 is involved in the mechanisms in AKI, this study aims to investigate whether urinary exosomal CD26 is associated with renal-related outcomes and explore its prospect as a novel prognosis biomarker.

Methods

This was a single-center, prospective cohort study. A total of 133 AKI patients and 68 non-AKI patients admitted to ICU in Qilu Hospital Shandong University from January 2017 to January 2018. Urine samples were collected at enrollment and the relative expression of CD26 (CD26 percentage) in urinary exosomes was examined, that was then categorized into a low-CD26 level and a high-CD26 level.

Results

CD26 percentage was significantly lower in the AKI cohort than in the control cohort. Within the AKI cohort, a high-CD26 level was associated with lower incidence of major adverse kidney events within 90 days, but higher incidence of reversal within 28 days. In AKI survivors, a high-CD26 level had a 4.67-, 3.50- and 4.66-fold higher odds than a low-CD26 level for early reversal, recovery and reversal, respectively, after adjustment for clinical factors. Prediction performance was moderate for AKI survivors but improved for non-septic AKI survivors.

Conclusions

Urinary exosomal CD26 is associated with renal reversal and recovery from AKI and is thus a promising prognosis biomarker.
Algebraic cycles and intersections of a quadric and a cubic
Authors: Laterveer Robert
Published: April 2021

Let Y be a smooth complete intersection of a quadric and a cubic in

ℙ
n

{\mathbb{P}^{n}}

, with n even. We show that Y has a multiplicative Chow–Künneth decomposition, in the sense of Shen–Vial. As a
consequence, the Chow ring of (powers of) Y displays K3-like behavior. As a by-product of the argument, we also establish a multiplicative Chow–Künneth decomposition for the resolution of singularities of a general nodal cubic hypersurface of even dimension.
Artemisinin-treatment in pre-symptomatic APP-PS1 mice increases gephyrin phosphorylation at Ser270: a modification regulating postsynaptic GABAAR density
Authors: Kiss Eva , Kins Stefan , Gorgas Karin , Orlik Maret , Fischer Carolin , Endres Kristina , Schlicksupp Andrea , Kirsch Joachim , Kuhse Jochen
Published: April 2021

Artemisinins, a group of plant-derived sesquiterpene lactones, are efficient antimalarial agents. They also share anti-inflammatory and anti-viral activities and were considered for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Additionally, artemisinins bind to gephyrin, the multifunctional scaffold of GABAergic synapses, and modulate inhibitory neurotransmission in vitro. We previously reported an increased expression of gephyrin and GABAA receptors in early pre-symptomatic stages of an AD mouse model (APP-PS1) and in parallel enhanced CDK5-dependent phosphorylation of gephyrin at S270. Here, we studied the effects of artemisinin on gephyrin in the brain of young APP-PS1 mice. We detected an additional increase of gephyrin protein level, elevated gephyrin phosphorylation at Ser270, and an increased amount of GABAAR-γ2 subunits after artemisinin-treatment. Interestingly, the CDK5 activator p35 was also upregulated. Moreover, we demonstrate decreased density of postsynaptic gephyrin and GABAAR-γ2 immunoreactivities in cultured hippocampal neurons expressing gephyrin with alanine mutations at two CDK5 phosphorylation sites. In addition, the activity-dependent modulation of synaptic protein density was abolished in neurons expressing gephyrin lacking one or both of these phosphorylation sites. Thus, our results reveal that artemisinin modulates expression as well as phosphorylation of gephyrin at sites that might have important impact on GABAergic synapses in AD.
A moral analysis of intelligent decision-support systems in diagnostics through the lens of Luciano Floridi’s information ethics
Authors: Mykhailov Dmytro
Published: April 2021

Contemporary medical diagnostics has a dynamic moral landscape, which includes a variety of agents, factors, and components. A significant part of this landscape is composed of information technologies that play a vital role in doctors’ decision-making. This paper focuses on the so-called Intelligent Decision-Support System that is widely implemented in the domain of contemporary medical diagnosis. The purpose of this article is twofold. First, I will show that the IDSS may be considered a moral agent in the practice of medicine today. To develop this idea I will introduce the approach to artificial agency provided by Luciano Floridi. Simultaneously, I will situate this approach in the context of contemporary discussions regarding the nature of artificial agency. It is argued here that the IDSS possesses a specific sort of agency, includes several agent features (e.g. autonomy, interactivity, adaptability), and hence, performs an autonomous behavior, which may have a substantial moral impact on the patient’s well-being. It follows that, through the technology of artificial neural networks combined with ‘deep learning’ mechanisms, the IDSS tool achieves a specific sort of independence (autonomy) and may possess a certain type of moral agency. Second, I will provide a conceptual framework for the ethical evaluation of the moral impact that the IDSS may have on the doctor’s decision-making and, consequently, on the patient’s wellbeing. This framework is the Object-Oriented Model of Moral Action developed by Luciano Floridi. Although this model appears in many contemporary discussions in the field of information and computer ethics, it has not yet been applied to the medical domain. This paper addresses this gap and seeks to reveal the hidden potentialities of the OOP model for the field of medical diagnosis.
Happiness as an aim of education
Authors: Kallová Nikola
Published: April 2021

This paper explores happiness as an aim of education, particularly schooling. What role does happiness play in philosophy of education? How do critics view the aims of public schooling today and its relation to happiness? Is happiness embedded in the concept of education as an aim of education? The paper explores happiness—understood inclusively as a positive mental state—by examining the relevant literature from various disciplines. It looks briefly at critical views of current trends in public school practice and concludes that happiness is not a central concern in present public school practice. Turning to philosophy of education, the author finds that happiness has been considered in relation to the philosophical conception of the human self and consequently eudaimonia has been prioritized over hedonia. The paper concludes by proposing that happiness is an appropriate and valid aim of education and schooling based on the normative implications of the concept of education.
Coworking with Roma: Exploration of Slovak majority’s cooperation intention using content analyses and networks of free association
Authors: Petrík Juraj , Uhrecký Branislav , Popper Miroslav , Nôtová Lenka
Published: April 2021

This study, theoretically based on integrated threat and image theory, explored (1) the mental constructs produced by the Slovak majority in relation to cooperation with the Roma minority and (2) differences in thinking about different Roma demographic groups. In Slovakia, prejudice towards Roma people is a long-standing phenomenon. In this study there were 228 participants, mostly young adults, who produced 22 categories of associations, explored using content and network analyses. The frequency of category associations in the first and second research group was mostly the same, but the distribution differed for the demographic groups considered by the third research group, which was asked to produce associations separately for each Roma demographic group. The largest difference measured was between integrated and segregated Roma people – the associations were mostly positive for the first and negative for the second. These results provide the first empirical exploration of cooperation intentions with Roma people in the Slovak context and suggestions are made for future discourse on Roma.
Anti-theodicies – An Adornian approach
Authors: Huhtala Hanna-Maija
Published: April 2021

The question of why bad things happen (to good people) has puzzled individuals over generations and across different cultures. The most popular approach is to turn the issue into a question about God: Why does he allow bad things that lead to the suffering of often innocent bystanders? Some have drawn conclusions that there can be no God. These attempts that seek to find meaning in suffering are called theodicies. Thus, theodicies promise that the torment of the innocent is not in vain. In this article, I argue that theodicy as a viewpoint, independent of its intention, does injustice to the experience of the sufferer. Furthermore, an Adornian approach to suffering avoids the instrumentalization of others’ suffering and that instead of relating to another person’s suffering through theodicy, Adorno’s notion of non-identity opens up an alternative, non-coercive avenue.
American slave narratives as autoethnographic paradigm
Authors: Blum Paul Richard
Published: April 2021

Ever since the publication of the Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass in 1845, autobiographical testimonies were a mainstay of the abolition movement in the United States. Being or having been held as slaves and all the attendant injury is the very theme of the documents in question, which are testimonies, rather than theoretical works, because the authors maintained the first-person point of view. Since autoethnography aims at overcoming the preset mentality of the researcher in order to gain insight into what it is like to live in a particular social environment, slave narratives, beyond any abolitionist agenda, may serve as a paradigm for autoethnographic interpretation of historic sources. For an understanding of the authentic perspective of the speakers, external redactions need to be filtered out when reading those documents. On the other hand, certain tropes are worth considering (such as ignorance of the speaker’s date and place of birth or stereotypical names) because these narrative gestures indicate the state of mind of the narrator. I will propose methods for finding interpretive tools to identify the Self and the world of the slave-narrators. Such interpretation relies on the close reading of narratives as I will show by examples.
The SmARtphone Controller
Authors: Knierim Pascal , Hein Dimitri , Schmidt Albrecht , Kosch Thomas
Published: April 2021

Current interaction modalities for mobile Augmented Reality (AR) are tedious and lack expressiveness. To overcome these prevalent limitations, we developed and evaluated a multimodal interaction concept by pairing a smartphone as an input and output modality for mobile AR. In a user study (n = 24), we investigated the effects on interaction speed, accuracy, and task load for (1) virtual object manipulation as well as (2) interaction with established graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Our findings show that a smartphone-based AR controller results in significantly faster and more accurate object manipulation with reduced task load than state-of-art mid-air gestures. Our results also indicate a significant enhancement for using the physical touchscreen as a modality compared to mid-air gestures for GUI interaction. We conclude that interaction in mobile AR environments can be improved by utilizing a smartphone as an omnipresent controller. Additionally, we discuss how future AR systems can benefit from tangible touchscreens as an additional and complementary interaction modality.