bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unravelling guest dynamics in crystalline molecular organics using solid-state NMR and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Erastova Valentina , Evans Ivana , Glossop William , Guryel Songül , Hodgkinson Paul , Kerr Hannah , Oganesyan Vasily , Softley Lorna , Wickins Helen , Wilson Mark
Published: February 2024

Solid-state NMR and atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to understand the disorder of guest solvent molecules in two cocrystal solvates of the pharmaceutical furosemide. Traditional approaches to interpreting the NMR data fail to provide a coherent model of molecular behaviour and indeed give misleading kinetic data. In contrast, direct prediction of the NMR properties from MD simulation trajectories allows the NMR data to be correctly interpreted in terms of combined jump-type and libration-type motions. Time-independent component analysis of the MD trajectories provides additional insight, particularly for motions that are invisible to NMR. This allows a coherent picture of the dynamics of molecules restricted in molecular-sized cavities to be determined.
Metaverse and Public Health: Mini Review
Authors: Vaidehi Saini
Published: February 2024

The concept of the Metaverse, an immersive virtual reality and internet iteration, has garnered significant attention as a way to transcend physical limitations and create a dream-like world. This article explores the role of the Metaverse in healthcare, focusing on its applications in training, collaboration, communication, telemedicine, wellness promotion, and public health campaigns. The ability to create immersive virtual environments enables researchers to study disease outbreaks, develop prevention strategies, and educate healthcare professionals globally. Virtual health clinics and telemedicine platforms in the Metaverse can provide essential healthcare access to underserved areas, while virtual wellness programs promote health and well-being on a global scale. Furthermore, the Metaverse offers a unique platform for interactive public health campaigns, leveraging its immersive nature to engage users and advocate for positive behavior change. However, challenges such as data privacy, security, mental health implications, and the cost of technology adoption must be addressed. Despite these challenges, the Metaverse holds tremendous potential in transforming public health practices. Public health professionals and policymakers must stay informed about these developments and ensure the maximization of benefits while mitigating risks. As technology evolves, innovative applications of the Metaverse are expected to continue shaping the future of healthcare and public health.
Role of Acupuncture in Oral Medicine: A Review
Authors: B Megha
Published: February 2024

Acupuncture is an alternative or complementary form of treatment. Acupuncture may be used in management of temporomandibular disorders, bell palsy, dental pain, xerostomia and various other disorders. Though there are studies which prove the efficacy of acupuncture, the exact mechanism behind the therapeutic effect of acupuncture is not known. Hence it is not used very frequently in oral medicine or dental practice. Further studies with larger sample size are required to understand other areas were acupuncture can be used.
Implementation of Smart Hindrance Tracking System
Authors:   Department of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute), India, Raj Rishabh
Published: February 2024

The Smart Hindrance Tracking System for Blind Individuals is a mini-project aimed at enhancing the mobility and safety of visually impaired individuals in navigating their surroundings. Leveraging cutting-edge technologies, this system integrates computer vision, sensor networks, and mobile applications to provide real-time hindrance detection and navigation assistance. The primary objective is to empower blind individuals with a reliable and intelligent solution that enables them to identify and navigate around obstacles in their path. The system utilizes a combination of depth-sensing cameras and ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles in the user's vicinity. These sensors feed data to a central processing unit, where a computer vision algorithm processes the information in real-time, identifying obstacles and their spatial locations. The processed data is then communicated to the user through a user-friendly mobile application. This research presents the daily challenges faced by visually impaired individuals but also fosters inclusivity and independence. The Smart Hindrance Tracking System stands at the intersection of technology and social impact, offering an innovative solution to improve the lives of those with visual impairments.
Evaluation of geological structures and geothermal resources in the North Tanzania Volcanic area using remote sensing and gravity data analysis
Authors: Mahecha Albano , Saadi Nureddin , Aboud Essam , Imai Akira , Yonezu Kotaro
Published: February 2024

Problems Statement and Purpose. Northern Tanzania Volcanic terrain has been a subject of evaluation for geothermal potential in the last four decades. The region is characterized by Neogene to Recent volcanic and tectonic activities. This preliminary study based on remote sensing, water chemistry, gravity data, geological structures and volcanic centers distribution reports the geothermal manifestations identified and discusses the implications on geothermal fluid pathways. Oxygen-hydrogen isotope data from water samples indicate that there were involved in the hydrothermal system. Tectono-Volcanic Structures. The Northern Tanzania Divergence (NTD) area characterized by Neogene to Recent volcanic and tectonic activities. Recent volcanic and tectonic activities are ash cone and lava dome eruption at the floor of Meru crater a century ago, dyke intrusion and volcanic eruption south of Gelai volcano, and Oldoinyo-Lengai volcano, respectively. Fumarolic activities and hot springs are dominant in a relatively young volcanic area to the north-eastern and northern part of the NTD. Data and Methods. Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) image, water isotope analysis and gravity data were used to extract and analyze the surface and subsurface geological lineaments and map the hydrothermal alteration zones in the study area. The hydrothermal alteration is used to evaluate and identify the permeable structures. Analysis and interpretation of the length and trends of extracted lineaments were used to investigate the tectonic evolution. Geological map of a study area was digitized from the existing geological maps and the age of rocks to delineate volcanic activity and associated lineaments based on the age of the lithological domain. Digital image processing was applied to enhance the visual interpretation. Gravity data were used to give insight into the subsurface structure in the study area. Results and Discussion. The higher δ 18O values and large deviation from meteoric water lines suggest that is due to the interaction of fluids with host rocks at elevated temperatures. These are consistent with open structures that act as conduits for fluid flow. The potential field gravity data reveal a basin-like structure trending in the NNW direction. The gravity data show that the basement units gradually deepen towards the central part and that it is controlled by two main fault systems that trend N-S and NW-SE respectively. The gravity data presented here provides new constraints on the tectonic evolution and geothermal resources of the study area.
An approach to using the AQI components in urban air pollution sources identifying
Authors: Prokhorova Svitlana
Published: February 2024

Problem statement. The fact that the air we breathe is polluted is well known. There are many sources of pollution, especially in big cities. Various sensors are installed to monitor pollutants in the air. One of the global systems for registering the concentration of pollutants in urban air is AQI. Air quality monitors collect data of five major air pollutants – ground-level ozone, particle pollution, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide, that then convert to the Air Quality Index. And although the sensors themselves are not capable of reducing pollution in the air, based on the data they provide, it is possible to create indicative maps of urban pollution. Such mapping of urban areas will enable authorities to develop and implement plans to improve the most dangerous areas, as is already done in other countries. But there are still no such maps for Kyiv.

Study objective is to analyse the air quality index in Kyiv, identify the main source of atmospheric pollution and to visualize urban air pollution.

Methodology involves data analysis from 15 sensors of the AQI worldwide network. We analyzed the concentration of 5 main air pollutants contributed to the common Air Quality Index for a certain period in Kyiv and its surroundings. Knowing the exact coordinates of each sensor and the results of their measurements, we drew a map of air pollution in Kyiv using OriginPro 8.1 software and images from the Google maps.

Research results. It was determined that the largest contribution to the Air Quality Index is made by the fine particulate matter emissions. We determined that the morning sensor data on the amount of dust in the air is the most informative. It is known transportation is one of the main sources of PM2.5 in the city. Our map clearly shows that the area with the highest AQI value coincides with a major road junction on the north-west outskirts of the city. Thus, atmospheric pollution in Kyiv is mainly determined by the amount of fine dust in the air. Further research will be aimed at identifying the relationship between the amount of PM2.5 in the air and the morphological parameters of indicator plants.

Scientific novelty of the research. We showed for the first time that air pollution does not coincide with the official sources of atmospheric pollution given by the Kyiv Bureau of Technical Supervision. We also presented new approach to draw up-to-date, representative, and accurate pollution maps that can be submitted to the representatives of environmental services and other interested parties. Such investigations are of great importance as they can give the opportunity to the government to take real actions on pollutants reducing.
Spatial-temporal tendencies of the ice regime of the Dnipro Cascade reservoirs
Authors: Khrystiuk Borys , Gorbachova Liudmyla
Published: February 2024

Formulation of the problem. Knowledge about the formation, destruction and trends of the ice regime of rivers and reservoirs is very important for hydropower, shipping, fisheries, etc. There are almost no studies that evaluated the trends, homogeneity and stationarity of the ice regime of the Dnipro Cascade reservoirs. At the same time, such research is relevant especially in the conditions of a changing climate.

The objective of this paper is evaluation of spatio-temporal trends of a observation series for the ice regime of the Dnipro Cascade reservoirs based on a complex approach using statistical and graphical methods.

Methods. The research used statistical methods, namely the Pearson method for establishing of the trend equation in the time series and the correlation coefficient between variables, and the Mann-Kendell statistical non-parametric test for assessing the statistical significance of the trend. Among the graphic methods, the mass curve and residual mass curve were used to assess the homogeneity and stationarity of observation series, respectively, as well as combined chronological graphs for spatial analysis, determination of synchronous and in-phase (or on the contrary) long-term cyclic fluctuations of the ice regime characteristics at various water gauges. The research was carried out based on the observation data for dates of ice appearance, ice freeze-up, ice break-up (i.e., melt onset), ice disappearance for 35 water gauges.

Results. According to the Mann-Kendall statistical test, contradictory results were obtained regarding the stationarity of the observation series of the ice regime of the Dnipro Cascade reservoirs. At the same time, according to graphic analysis, such series turned out to be quasi-homogeneous and quasi-stationary, since they have unfinished phases of increase and decrease of long-term cyclical fluctuations. In turn, the cyclic fluctuations are characterized by synchronous and in-phase, which indicates the same temporal and spatial tendencies of the ice regime of six reservoirs. The dates of the appearance of main phases of the ice regime of the Dnipro Cascade reservoirs are characterized by significant variability.

Scientific novelty and practical significance. For the first time, modern knowledge about the ice regime characteristics of the Dnipro Cascade reservoirs were obtained based on the simultaneous application of statistical and graphical methods. In addition, the research results can be used for further research, namely any statistical processing (determination of probabilistic characteristics, search for prognostic dependencies, generalizations, etc.).
Development of local eco-network of Lutsk territorial community: features and problems
Authors: Karpiuk Zoia , Fesyuk Vasyl
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Planning of ecological networks at the local level is one of the most difficult stages of geospatial organization of the territory, which requires a detailed and balanced approach, thorough analysis of topographic materials, land management data and the use of geographic information technologies. Local-level eco-networks have a number of features related to the need for a high level of detalization and connectivity of their components. For them, specific model questions are formed about the assignment of certain areas to the structural and functional elements of the ecological network. At the same time, these elements are complementary elements in the structure of ecological networks of regional importance.

The purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is to find out the conditions and specific features of the local eco-network of the Lutsk territorial community, to justify the allocation of its structural and functional elements, the current state of development and recommendations to ensure proper functioning.

Methods. To study the features of the territorial organization of preserved areas of the urban community, in particular, as part of the nature reserve network and the Emerald network, substantiation of the boundaries of functional components of the local eco-network, elucidation of functional relationships between its elements, construction of cartographic models methods of field research, comparative geographical analysis, cartographic analysis, statistical analysis were used.

Results. The natural conditions of the community, sources of economic impact and anthropogenic transformation of the environment, indicators of nature reserves, the level of naturalness of other areas: swamps, wetlands, water protection zones, forests, protective forest belts, reclaimed areas due to their obvious necessity inclusion in the local eco-network to ensure its functional integrity were analyzed. 13 natural nuclei, seven connecting elements, buffer zones potentially suitable for increasing the area of natural nuclei and ecological corridors of the territory of restoration and territory of natural development have been identified.

The scientific novelty. The substantiation of structural and functional elements of the first local level eco-network in Volyn Region is made, the map of the local eco-network is developed, the problems of functioning are determined and the prospects of development are analyzed.

Practical significance. The development of the local ecological network of the Lutsk town territorial community is a pilot project of the development of local ecological network of the territorial communities of the Volyn region.
Konsep Islam sebagai Problem Solving dalam Menghadapi Quarter Life Crisis di Era Milenial
Authors: Suatin Wiwik , Kasanah Siti Uswatun , Purwaningrum Devia , Firmansyah Satria Fajar , Prasetyo Yogi Danang
Published: February 2024

Tujuan dari 1penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan buku Konsep Islam  sebagai Problem Solving dalam Menghadapi Quarter Life Crisis di Era Milenial, adalah memberikan pengetahuan bagi usia dewasa awal (emerging adulthood).  Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan studi kepustakaan (library research) dimana penulis mengumpulkan, mengidentifikasi, dan menganalisis, bahan-bahan yang relevan dengan masalah yang diangkat seperti buku, jurnal, dan artikel pada situs-situs terpercaya di internet. Periode seperempat kehidupan sebaiknya tidak lagi dikaitkan dengan hal-hal negatif, melainkan dapat dianggap sebagai ruang bagi individu untuk dapat tumbuh dan berkembang. Dengan ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi akibat-akibat negatif potensial yang dapat terjadi jika periode tersebut sudah diekspektasikan secara negatif. Periode seperempat kehidupan mungkin bagi sebagian orang merupakan masa-masa gelap, tetapi bagi mereka yang berusaha, bersangka baik, dan bertawakkal kepada Allah boleh jadi merupakan medianya untuk tumbuh secara personal dan lebih mendekatkan diri kepada-Nya
Digital Transformation of EU Customs: eCommerce VAT Legislation and a Proposed Customs Clearance Application
Authors: Gkoni Irene , Rigou Maria , Thanasas Georgios , Balaskas Stefanos
Published: February 2024

In the digital world, borders between countries are fading, and many people keep making more and more online purchases, often from offshore vendors. Cross-border e-commerce is a game-changer for international trade but poses serious challenges for traditional customs procedures. As the number of parcels continues to grow rapidly, customs authorities around the world strive to balance between effective revenue collection, trade facilitation, and proper safety controls. At the EU level, significant revenue losses and competition distortion have led to changes in VAT rules with a key policy objective to fight tax fraud in e-commerce and reduce the administrative burden of VAT collection. The VAT e-commerce package that came into force on July 1, 2021, includes measures on imports of low-value goods from third countries. The adopted solution imposes liability on digital platforms that play a crucial role in the rise of B2C internet sales. This article provides an overview of e-commerce global trends and challenges, international organizations’ initiatives, emerging technology pilots, as well as best practices. It also offers a critical description of the new EU VAT provisions that have a severe effect on customs. Moreover, it describes the design, functional, and interoperability specifications of a proposed web-based application that enables buyers to lodge customs declarations themselves, aiming for improved transparency on import-related charges and more effective e-government at a more general level through the digital transformation of customs clearance. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-01-024 Full Text: PDF
The Potential of Ethanol Extract of Temu Kunci (Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.) Rhizomes as an Anticonvulsant Against Male White Rats
Authors: Pabenjanan Agustin Yumita , Dwitiyanti  , Risda Hidayati Winza Putri
Published: February 2024

The temu kunci extract was previously reported to have quite good antioxidant activity. One of the causes of seizures is oxidative stress. There has yet to be much exploration of temu kunci extract as an anticonvulsant. This study examines the anticonvulsant activity of 70% ethanol extract of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. against male white rats. The parameters observed were the onset and duration of HLE (Hind Limb Extension) with a digital electroconvulsiometer with a power of 150 mAmp and 50 hertz for 0.2 seconds. The test group was divided into five treatment groups, namely group 1 to group 3 (K1-K3), with extract doses: 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW, respectively, while K4 was a positive control using valproic acid (Depakote 1.54 mg/kgBW), and normal control group (K5) with Na-CMC 0.5%. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and continued with the Tukey test. From the research carried out, information was obtained that 70% ethanol extract of temu kunci at a dose of 400 mg/kgBB had the best potential as an anticonvulsant in prolonging the onset of HLE (seconds) and shortening the duration of HLE (seconds) in mice comparable to the positive control. Temu kunci has the potential to be further developed as an anticonvulsant drug candidates in the future.
The Constructing and Deconstructing of the Myth and Curse of Black Men Raping White Women as Told by Ida B. Wells
Authors: Jones Michelee
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: This paper examines Ida B. Wells’s work Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases for the purpose of providing an explanation behind how the act of lynching gave birth to the myth or lie, as is it referred to throughout this paper, regarding Black men raping White women. This paper breaks down how Wells’s work displays this lie is a form of European cosmology born after the Civil War that Whites utilized to help them maintain control over the Black race. This paper also breaks down how Wells’s work highlights the effects of this lie over the years in addition to performing brief case studies on four specific events that showcase these effects. This paper concludes by pointing out how Wells’s work also provides a solution to ending this lie.
Attribute-specific Cyberbullying Detection Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Orelaja Adeyinka , Ejiofor Chidubem , Sarpong Samuel , Imakuh Success , Bassey Christian , Opara Iheanyichukwu , Tettey Josiah Nii Armah , Akinola Omolola
Published: February 2024

Cyberbullying, a pervasive issue in the digital age, poses threats to individuals’ well-being across various attributes such as religion, age, ethnicity, and gender. This research employs artificial intelligence to detect cyberbullying instances in Twitter data, utilizing both traditional and deep learning models. The study repurposes the Sentiment140 dataset, originally intended for sentiment analysis, for the nuanced task of cyberbullying detection. Ethical considerations guide the dataset transformation process, ensuring responsible AI development. The Naive Bayes algorithm demonstrates commendable precision, recall, and accuracy, showcasing its efficacy. The Bi-LSTM model, leveraging deep learning capabilities, exhibits nuanced cyberbullying detection. The study also underscores limitations, emphasizing the need for refined models and diverse datasets.
Identification of exopolysaccharide synthesizing genes in bacteria isolated from Bonny River in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Uchenna Nwanodi Nwankwo  , Obioma Kelechi Agwa
Published: February 2024

Microbial polysaccharide is the most important biopolymer secreted either by bacteria, fungi, or yeast as natural non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable sugar monomers. Microbial EPS owing to their interesting physicochemical and rheological properties has a wide range of industrial application such as in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food and Microbial enhanced oil recovery. This study was aimed to identify exopolysaccharide synthesizing genes in three bacterial isolates from Bonny River in Rivers State, Nigeria. The bacterial isolates were identified using the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the strains which carefully studied by making reference to the GenBank database using a BLAST search as Bacillus xiamensis, Bacillus safensis and Exiguobacterium aurantiacum using 16S rRNA PCR technique. Two priming Gylcosyltranferase genes (pGT) rfbp and cpsD were probed in the genome of the isolates after identification of the isolates. Two isolates Bacillus safensis and Exiguobacterium aurantiacum had both rfbp and cpsD genes while Bacillus xiamensis had only rfbp gene but no cpsD gene. The three isolates were examined for the Exopolysaccharide production on a minimal medium that contained g/l: KH2PO4 0.2, K2HPO4 1.5, MgSO4.7H2O 0.2, CaSO4.2H2O 0.1, FeCl3 0.002, yeast extract 0.5 and sucrose 20 and all three isolates produced EPS. At Optimum biomass of 0.15g/10 ml, the highest EPS yield of 10.20 g/l was obtained from Bacillus safenis. Exiguobacterium aurantiacum had optimum biomass of 0.11g/10ml with an EPS yield of 6.15g/l. The least biomass of 0.08g/10ml and EPS yield of 3.62 g/10ml was observed in Bacillus xiamensis. The biomass production was determined at Optical Density (OD) of 600nm while the EPS production was quantified by the Phenol Sulphuric acid method using glucose as a standard.
The intersection of Artificial Intelligence and cybersecurity: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Adewale Daniel Sontan  , Segun Victor Samuel
Published: February 2024

The fusion of artificial intelligence (AI) with cybersecurity represents a paradigm shift in our efforts to safeguard digital assets against a dynamic threat landscape. This manuscript comprehensively analyses AI's transformative role in cybersecurity, covering foundational principles, advanced methodologies, and ethical considerations. This article begins with exploring fundamental AI techniques such as machine learning and natural language processing. The manuscript delineates their applications in bolstering threat detection, vulnerability analysis, and incident response. Traditional approaches to vulnerability analysis are juxtaposed with AI-driven methodologies, highlighting the efficacy of automated scanning, threat prioritization, and adaptive risk assessment. Moreover, the manuscript delves into the pivotal role of AI-driven automation in expediting incident response, minimizing human error, and fortifying overall security postures. Ethical and privacy concerns surrounding AI deployment in cybersecurity are carefully examined, emphasizing the importance of responsible decision-making, privacy protection, and transparency. Looking ahead, emerging trends such as adversarial machine learning and zero trust security present promising avenues for further exploration, offering opportunities to enhance digital resilience against evolving threats.
Determination of Lactic Acid Bacterial Numbers of Lyophilized and Frozen Natural Lactic Acid Bacterial Liquids Prepared in Different Ways and Stored for Different Periods of Time
Authors: AYDIN Sadık Serkan , DENEK Nihat
Published: February 2024

In this study, it was aimed to determine the LAB numbers of fermented lactic acid bacteria (LAB) liquids prepared by adding different levels of sucrose and incubating for different periods of time by freezing in deep freezer and drying by lyophilization process and storing for one and three months. In the study, fermented LAB liquids prepared by adding different levels of sucrose (3%, 5% and 10%) and incubating for different periods (2, 5 and 10 days) were frozen with the addition of cryoprotectants (trisodiumsitrate (TRIS) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)) and dried by lyophilization and stored for one and three months. While the highest LAB numbers in fermented LAB liquids frozen in deep freezer with TRIS and DMSO supplementation were obtained from 5.33x1010 cfu/ml group with 5% sucrose TRIS additive in 5 days incubation at the end of one month storage period, the highest LAB numbers were obtained from 8.33x109 cfu/ml group with 10% sucrose TRIS additive in 5 days incubation at the end of three months storage period (p
Tassonomie del corpo nei regimi di confine
Letture femministe dei regimi di frontiera e dell’umanitario dal punto di vista della salvezza
Authors: Pinelli Barbara
Published: February 2024

This paper explores the nexus between border regimes, humanitarian grammar, and the iconic construction of the female subject to reflect on the strategic use of salvation in the Central Mediterranean migration for asylum. Drawing on research carried out since 2010 in Southern Italy’s landing zones, this analysis periodizes the discursive registers built over these years on the refugee women’s landing to reveal how humanitarian grammar and the use of the female body as an icon of vulnerability support the border regimes and serve to establish taxonomic orders between the perfect victims deserving protection and refugees not worthy of salvation.
Resultados cardiometabólicos de largo plazo tras cirugía bariátrica: control de comorbilidades, pérdida y reganancia de peso a los 5 años de seguimiento
Authors: Mendivelso-Duarte Fredy Orlando , Borda-Hernández, Lic, MStat2 Ricardo Alberto
Published: February 2024

Introducción. La cirugía bariátrica y metabólica (CBM) es efectiva en lograr pérdida de peso a corto plazo. Sin embargo, existe evidencia limitada en desenlaces clínicos y metabólicos a largo plazo. Métodos. Estudio longitudinal retrospectivo con pacientes llevados a baipás gástrico en Y de Roux (BGYR) o gastrectomía en manga (MG) por laparoscopia en Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, entre 2013 y 2021. El cambio de peso, control de comorbilidades y resultados metabólicos se recopilaron al inicio del estudio, 3, 6 y 12 meses después de cirugía, y anualmente hasta el quinto año. Las tasas de control de comorbilidades se evaluaron mediante la prueba Kaplan-Meier. Se utilizó un modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox para evaluar el efecto de covariables en la reganancia de peso. Resultados. De 1092 pacientes con CBM (71,4 % MG y 28,6 % BGYR), 67 % eran mujeres, con mediana de edad 48 años e índice de masa corporal de 35,5 Kg/m2. Después de cinco años de seguimiento, la tasa de control en diabetes mellitus fue 65,5 %, en hipertensión 56,6 % y en dislipidemia 43,6 %. La tasa de reganancia de peso fue 28 %, sin diferencias entre MG vs BGYR (p=0,482). El tiempo promedio hasta peso nadir fue 14 meses. La edad al momento de CBM fue el mejor predictor independiente de reganancia (HR=1,02, IC95% 1,01-1,04), pero con efecto clínico modesto. Conclusión. La CBM es segura y muestra beneficios a largo plazo en la pérdida de peso y control de comorbilidades en población colombiana.
Ergonomic Sphere as a Scientific Phenomenon and Its Significance in Developing the Modern Socio-Techno-Natural World
Authors: Kuzmenko Alexander
Published: February 2024

The article discusses a concept based on the assertion of the existence of an ergonomic sphere (Ergonomicsphere) directly affecting the sustainability of sociotechnical systems in the modern socio-techno-natural world. The basis of this concept lays the understanding that ergonomicsphere can act as a nucleus of sustainability contributing to a paradigm shift in anthropotechnogenic development towards a social-natural one. As a proof of the ergonomicsphere existence, the authors carry out a concept analysis of the systems ergonomicity and their elements; analyse the users’ interest in ergonomics and ergodesign in the context of search activity on the Internet. Particular attention is paid to the interdisciplinary nature of research on the ergonomics epistemology and ergonomic design in the socio-technogenic world. The developed ontological model can form the basis of the paradigm of socio-technobiosphere world development as an ergonomic core of sustainability. As a result of the article, conclusions are drawn about the need to strengthen interdisciplinary integration, which contributes to a more effective study of the modern world and transformation processes of the biosphere.
Digitalization of Vocational Education: Neurotechnologies and Robots in Educational Dialogue
Authors: Stepanova Galina , Arpenteva Mariyam , Stepanova Olga , Menshikov Petr
Published: February 2024

The aim of the study is to analyse the psychological and pedagogical problems of using neurodigital and smart technologies in modern vocational education as leading trends in its digitalization. Neurodigital technologies and robots should be developed, implemented, and improved into modern and future vocational education, as truly high-tech, complex products that help a person in his development, set and solve “super tasks”, and improve the subjects of education, educational relations.
Konstruk Materi Kepemimpinan Islam dalam Perkuliahan PAI di Politeknik Berbasis Kepemimpinan Spiritual dalam Kisah Raja Thalut
Authors: Qodratulloh Waway
Published: February 2024

This article aims to explore and integrate the concept of spiritual leadership into the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at the Polytechnic as a response to the moral crisis in national leadership. PAI, as a mandatory national subject, holds a strategic position in providing knowledge and understanding to students about the importance of leadership based on spiritual values. With this, it is hoped that students can become leaders who possess moral sensitivity, integrity, and strong leadership competencies in the future. The research approach used is qualitative, where data is collected through interviews, observations, and document studies. The documents explored in this research include the Syllabus, Course Materials, textbooks, and various literature related to the examined theme. Furthermore, an analysis is conducted on the context of the Polytechnic based on Spiritual Leadership, including the understanding of PAI at the Polytechnic and the need for relevant Islamic leadership material constructs. The final step is the development of Islamic leadership material constructs based on spiritual leadership. Studies on the constructs of leadership materials in PAI courses at the Polytechnic are rarely conducted, thus this article overlooks an important initial study that needs to be conducted. This serves as the novelty of this research. The study findings indicate that Islamic leadership in the constructs of course materials can be provided starting with the introduction of (1) the concept of Islamic leadership, (2) the Story of King Saul (Raja Thalut), and (3) the Values of King Saul's Leadership. Course assignments are carried out through (1) Memorizing Surah Al-Baqarah verses 246-252, (2) Leadership Case Analysis, (3) Leadership Simulation, and (4) Collaboration with the industry. Course evaluation is conducted through (1) Written Exams, (2) Individual Assignments, and (3) Group Discussions. Keywords : Leadership, Studi of Islam,Spiritual Leadership
Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Bagi Peserta Dauroh Shoifiyah Darul Musthafa, Tarim, Yaman
Authors: Irfan Ahmad , Lubis Adlan Fauzi , Setiady Dicky , Muhamad Muhamad
Published: February 2024

The closeness between Indonesian scholars (ulama) and scholars from Hadhramaut, Yemen, is undeniable, as we have known through various literature and the existence of habaib (Islamic scholars) in Indonesia. The Dauroh Shoifiyyah Tarim Hadhramaut program in 2023 was conducted in Darul Musthafa and Daruzzahra, Hadhramaut. This research aims to describe and explain the learning program, the supporting factors, the hindering factors, and the impacts of the Dauroh Shoifiyyah program in 2023. This research was conducted using a qualitative method, specifically phenomenological research. The learning program of Dauroh Shoifiyyah covers topics such as creed (aqidah), jurisprudence (fiqih), interpretation of the Quran (tafsir), traditions of the Prophet (hadis), the biography of the Prophet (sirah nabawiyah), transactions (muamalah), Islamic mysticism (tasawuf), preaching (dakwah), and retracing the steps of past scholars (napak tilas ulama-ulama terdahulu). Supporting factors for this program can be found in the services provided by the Dauroh committee, while hindering factors include health issues and language differences. The impacts generated include serving as role models for teachers emulated by the participants and the cultivation of the habit of remembrance (dhikr) and sending blessings upon the Prophet (bershalawat) by the participants
ШТУЧНИЙ ІНТЕЛЕКТ У СИСТЕМІ ЗАПИТАНЬ «ЦИФРОГРАМ ДЛЯ ВЧИТЕЛІВ»
Authors: Мар'єнко Майя
Published: February 2024

Формулювання проблеми. У 2024 р. в Інституті цифровізації освіти НАПН України розпочато дослідження «Проєктування і використання відкритого освітнього середовища з елементами штучного інтелекту для професійного розвитку педагогічних кадрів». Одним з можливих варіантів дослідження стану проблеми є аналіз системи запитань національного тесту «Цифрограм для вчителів». Зміст таких запитань, їх кількість дозволить проаналізувати як саме використовують вчителі той чи інший сервіс, їх поширення та знання з приводу тематики штучного інтелекту.
Матеріали і методи. Системний аналіз педагогічних і загальнонаукових джерел для з’ясування стану розробленості проблеми використання штучного інтелекту в галузі освіти (український та зарубіжний досвід); аналіз педагогічної наукової літератури для виокремлення основних принципів побудови системи запитань національного тесту «Цифрограм для вчителів»; порівняльний аналіз для визначення найважливіших тематичних блоків у тесті «Цифрограм для вчителів».
Результати. Аналіз системи запитань «Цифрограм для вчителів» призвів до формування основних, авторських тематичних блоків за якими можна розподілити усі наявні запитання: Facebook, Додатки Google, YouTube, Електронне урядування, Електронна школа, Робота з браузером, Операційна система Windows, Інклюзивне навчання. Кожен блок містить відповідні складники які його характеризують в повному обсязі. Наприклад, тематичний блок «Додатки Google», до якого відносяться окремі запитання з області штучного інтелекту, складається з сервісів: Google Документи, Google Таблиці, Google Презентації, Google Форми, Google Сайти, Google Клас, Google Диск, Google Карти та Google Зображення.
Висновки. В тесті «Цифрограм для вчителів» лише незначна кількість запитань пов’язана зі штучним інтелектом. Прямих запитань, які б висвітлювали використання сервісів штучного інтелекту в освітньому процесі не виявлено. Побіжно, окремі запитання можна співвідносити з тематикою використання штучного інтелекту (наприклад, ті, що стосуються сервісів Google Зображення чи Google Карти). Таких запитань виявлено лише 2 % (1 запитання з 61 чи 62). Така кількість запитань не допоможе під час проведення констатувального етапу педагогічного експерименту, що заплановано на 2024 р.
A Jew in a Court-room: The newspaper Moskovskiye Vedomosti on Arkady Kovner Process
Authors:   State University of Social Studies and Humanities, Kolomna, Prokhorov George
Published: February 2024

In 1875, Arkady Kovner, journalist, bank clerk and later in his career a civil servant in Congress Poland, forged a payment order for 168000 rubles from St. Petersburg Loan and Account Bank to the Moscow Merchant Bank. In the article, I focus on rhetorical, discursive and ideological issues of the process media coverage. Tracing court reports published in Moskovskiye Vedomosti, I analyse antisemitic prejudices with which the text is saturated and which dehumanise the person in the dock. The prosecutor as well as the reporter explain every single Kover’s step–not only in his professional, but also private life–through egoism, malice, contempt for acknowledged social values and generic predisposing to criminal activities. Kovner as a real person is substituted with a literary image of a Jew – an natural materialist interested exclusively in profiteering off the native population. The substitution results in the negation of Kovner’s explanations, when they contradict the conventional interpretative frame. The process and its media coverage show a desire for common ground between an assimilating Jew and Russian society. The Kovner process is far away from any politics, thus in this case we see how popular anti-Jewish sentiment affect the interpretation of how Jews act, think and feel.
Ecologically-mediated collective action in commons with tipping elements
Authors: Barfuss Wolfram , Donges Jonathan , Bethge Matthias
Published: February 2024

Collective, cooperative action is critical to sustaining the commons safely away from dangerous tipping elements. Previous work has found a variety of mechanisms for the emergence of cooperation through social interactions. Yet, they cannot always work. Here, we present a theory of ecologically-mediated collective action in commons with tipping elements. We show that even without any direct social interactions, commons with tipping elements can result in a plurality of social incentive regimes, some beneficial for collective conservation, others detrimental. We underpin all incentive regimes with dynamic and boundedly rational collective reinforcement learning. We highlight how our theory can be applied to an ecologically-mediated governance of the commons. Our theory predicts the existence of social tipping points at which collective cooperation becomes self-enforcing and self-sustaining, enabled only by the actors' environmental embeddedness.
Reducing family and school-based violence at scale in Tanzania: Results from a large-scale pre-post study of the Furaha Teens parenting programme
Authors: Lachman Jamie , Wamoyi Joyce , Martin Mackenzie , Han Qing , Calderon Francisco , Mgunga Samwel , Nydetabura Esther , Majengenja Nyasha , Wambura Mwita , Shenderovich Yulia
Published: February 2024

Background: Despite the rapid dissemination of parenting programmes aiming to reduce violence against children (VAC), there is limited evidence of their effectiveness when implemented at scale in the Global South. The Furaha Adolescent Implementation Research study aimed to address this gap by evaluated the scale-up of Parenting for Lifelong Health for Teens (locally known as Furaha Teens), delivered within the context of a community-wide intervention focused on reducing HIV infection amongst adolescent girls in Tanzania. Methods: Participating families were recruited by local implementing partners in collaboration with Pact Tanzania from 2020-2021. The group-based 14-session programme was delivered to adolescent girls and their parents/caregivers in community or school settings. Quantitative surveys were administered by providers. The primary outcome was child maltreatment with multiple secondary outcomes linked to increased risk of VAC. Multilevel models were used to examine pre-post effects as well as variation by attendance and baseline variables.Results: Pre-post data from 27,319 parent/caregiver-child dyads were analysed, of which 34.4% of parents/caregivers were male. Analyses showed large reductions in child maltreatment (parents/caregivers: IRR=0.55, [0.54,0.56]; adolescents: IRR=0.57, [0.56,0.58]). Female parents/caregivers also reported reduced intimate partner violence experience, and adolescents reported reduced school-based violence. Parents/caregivers and adolescents also reported increased communication about sexual health and reduced poor supervision, financial insecurity, parenting stress, parent and child depression, and child conduct problems. Parents/caregivers and adolescents also reported reduced parental positive involvement and support of education, with those experiencing greater adversity reporting less change than those with less adversity.Conclusions: This study is the first to examine the large-scale implementation of an evidence-based parenting programme in the Global South. Although additional research is necessary to examine potential negative effects on positive parenting and parent support of education, findings suggest that Furaha Teens can sustain its impact on key outcomes associated with VAC when delivered at scale.
Raising awareness isn’t enough: The role of the psychology of education in disability-related justice and inclusion in primary classrooms
Authors: Jones Sian E
Published: February 2024

What: When it comes to education, disability inequality is arguably a structural and systemic issue. The social model of disability, enshrined in teacher education programmes in the UK espouses the ways in which school environments rather than disabled children themselves, need to adapt and change. However, the role of psychology in addressing disability-related systemic injustice is less clear. The aim of this paper is to consider the potential role of the psychology of education in working towards disability justice in schools. Why? Many inclusive teacher-education programmes set out the ways in which environments may be created to include disabled children. Psychologists have focused on disabled children’s needs to access and participate in the classroom, but often do not consider their exclusion in social model terms, from curriculum materials, classroom displays, or material culture more generally. Favazza and colleagues (e.g. 2017) now offer a sizeable body of research showing that disability representation in school classrooms is negligible. This lack of representation is reflected among the staff in the teaching profession, where the 2016 census suggests that 0.5% of English teaching staff declared a disability (DfE, 2017) and more recent census data shows disability data were not collected (DfE, 2023a). It is this lack of representation of disabled people, and its possible psychological underpinnings, that this paper addresses. How? This paper uses social and affirmative model lenses to (a) explore the ways in which disability may be seen as a structural inequality in contemporary UK education, and (b) suggest ways in which researchers and practitioners in the Psychology of Education may work towards disability justice. This may be achieved by considering extant research practice, and through research focusing on perceptions of and attitudes towards disability, alongside existing psychological work that focuses on disabled children’s individual needs.
Life calling: From religious and philosophical concepts towards a psychological construct
Authors: Beloborodova Polina
Published: February 2024

The idea of life calling attracts people’s attention since ancient times. Originating in religion and philosophy, at present it gains momentum in both academic and general public discourse. In today’s fragmented and informationally dense world calling could serve as a thread that maintains coherence in life, while simultaneously inspiring creativity and change. The present article traces the emergence of that ancient idea in religious and spiritual traditions, describes its development in different philosophical concepts, as well as early psychology. Finally, it delineates the present state of the art and defines further lines of research.
Inspection time and intelligence: a five-wave longitudinal study from age 70 to age 82 in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936
Authors: Deary Ian , Cox Simon R. , Okely Judith
Published: February 2024

To test the idea that the slowing of simple information processing contributes to more general cognitive ageing, it is necessary to demonstrate that changes in the two variables are correlated as people grow older. Here, we examine the association between inspection time—a psychophysical measure of simple visual information processing—and general cognitive ability and the cognitive domains of visuospatial reasoning, processing speed, memory, and crystallised ability across five waves of testing in a 12-year period. The participants were members of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936; there was a maximum of 1090 people with cognitive data at age 70 (Wave 1) and 426 at age 82 (Wave 5). At each testing wave the participants took the same 12 cognitive tests. Latent growth curve modelling in a structural equation modelling framework was used to examine the associations between intercepts and slopes of inspection time and other cognitive capabilities. Age-related changes (slope) in inspection time correlated 0.898 (p < 0.001) with changes (slope) in general cognitive ability over the 12 years. Inspection time changes correlated with changes in each of the four cognitive domains, but these associations were reduced to non-significance once the domains’ loadings on general cognitive ability were taken into account (with the possible exception of memory, whose changes still had a marginal additional association with inspection time changes; β = 0.199, p = 0.030). The results are compatible with the idea that age-related slowing of processing speed contributes causally to the age-related declines in complex cognitive capability, but this is not the only interpretation of the present findings.