bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overview of emerging hybrid and composite materials for space applications
Authors: Ince J. C. , Peerzada M. , Mathews L. D. , Pai A. R. , Al-qatatsheh A. , Abbasi S. , Yin Y. , Hameed N. , Duffy A. R. , Lau A. K. , Salim N. V.
Published: June 2023

Space exploration is one of humanity’s most challenging and costly activities. Nevertheless, we continuously strive to venture further and more frequently into space. It is vital to make every effort to minimise and mitigate the risks to astronaut safety, expand the long-term operation of technologies in space and improve the overall feasibility of space exploration—this calls for an assessment of recent advances in materials with applications in space. This review focuses on state-of-the-art materials that address challenges, threats and risks experienced during space exploration. Said challenges considered in this review include the danger of micro-meteorites, fire in space, space dust, temperature extremes, electromagnetic interference (EMI) and the cost associated with space travel. The materials discussed include self-healing polymers, fire and thermally resistant materials, materials for thermal management, self-cleaning materials, EMI shielding materials and multifunctional carbon fibre composites. Through this catalogue, we seek to inform and suggest the future direction of advancing space exploration by selecting innovative materials.

Graphical Abstract

Next-generation materials with multifunctionality, durability and light weight and able to withstand the extreme conditions for advanced space applications
Spatial perspectives on student profiling to inform open distance e-learning (ODeL) in various geographical contexts: a case study from the Global South
Authors: Carow Sanet , Schmitz Peter , Pretorius Rudi
Published: June 2023

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 underpins the other SDGs and emphasizes the importance of increasing access to inclusive, equitable, quality education. Equitable and inclusive access to education remains a pressing issue in many parts of the world, especially in the Global South. Developments and challenges experienced in the Global South have increased awareness of the potential of open distance e-learning to increase access to higher education. This potential has to be considered from the perspective of the digital divide. Analyzing student data can play an important role in obtaining insights into students' lives to improve the quality of the educational services provided.

This paper aims to reflect on the use of spatial statistics in compiling a profile of the students registered for a Geography module at the University of South Africa. This paper has two objectives. The first is to specify the broad student profile in terms of the geographical location of students. The second objective is to reflect on the lifeworlds of the students in the different clusters and the challenges they may face in successfully completing their studies. Four representative student profiles could be compiled using lifestyle data. Marked differences in lifestyle factors between the four identified profile types were observed. These may directly impact students' ability to progress with their studies.
Automating Racialization in International Law
Authors: Gupta Priya S.
Published: June 2023

From the continuation of colonial power structures in global economic development institutions, to immigration policies that favor applicants from white-majority European countries, to the use of counter-terrorism law to target primarily Muslim people, international law and its domestic analogues reflect and further inscribe racial distinctions and hierarchies. Racialization in international law occurs in the more visible areas of public decision making but also in mundane, administrative practices. In this essay, I argue that digital technologies are at the heart of automating processes of racialization in international law. Digital technological instruments effectively divide the global population, decision by decision, in adherence to the logics of racial hierarchy: they distribute social and material rights and privileges through financial, welfare, and immigration decisions while simultaneously deepening and entrenching state surveillance, policing, and violence.
Hiding in Plain Sight? Conceptualizations of Databases in Migration Law and International Tax Law
Authors: Häckner Posse Lovisa , Lärka Hedvig
Published: June 2023

Databases are increasingly used in international law settings. This requires new strategies for those who want to critique international legal practices and their effects. In this essay, we claim that legal scholarship tends to conceptualize the database in ways that leave older and inadequate ideas of legal method(s) and sovereignty in the context of international law largely unquestioned or even serve to reinforce them. Further, we argue that these tendencies obstruct proper understandings of international legal practices and prevent adequate critique. To illustrate the extent of these tendencies, we provide examples from our own research areas: migration law and international corporate income tax law. We contend that empirical studies of how databases are used in these and other legal settings, can help demystify and rework well-established assumptions through which international law, and the database, are seen.
Introduction to the Symposium on Critical International Law and Technology
Authors: Johns Fleur , Noll Gregor
Published: June 2023

Scholarship concerned with international law, technology, and computation has been burgeoning since the mid-to-late twentieth century. Over the past decade, it has taken shape as a discernible sub-field of international legal scholarship. An International Law and Technology Interest Group was created within the American Society of International Law in 2013, for instance. By 2021, international law and technology was already considered ripe for “rethinking.” Some of this work has been solutionist, aimed at generating order-restoring answers to the “upset[s]” caused by technological change. Some of it has been constitutionalizing, canvassing prospects for “a transformative constitutionalism for the digital human condition.” Much of the scholarship has sought to give humanist (or post-humanist) pause to the ever-increasing pace of technological change.
A Scholarship of Engagement
Authors: Kahn Paul W.
Published: June 2023

This article introduces and comments on some of the themes raised by contributors to the special issue on my work. The contributions are divided into two categories. First, those delving into the sources and coherence of my many different projects. Second, those who try to apply to the law of the European Union the methods I have deployed to study American constitutionalism.
God and Paul Kahn (A Note on Political Theology)
Authors: Baranger Denis
Published: June 2023

Paul Kahn has offered a fascinating account of the role of political theology in the field of law, through an exploration of some core concepts of the discipline. This article explores the nature of Kahn’s undertaking through a comparison with Carl Schmitt. The conclusion is that, rather than actual theology, Kahn’s “political theology” is a valuable form of legal anthropology anchored in an exploration of our legal culture.
Young People's Attitudes towards Democracy and Political Participation: Evidence from a Cross-European Study
Authors: Fernández Guzmán Grassi Eva , Portos Martín , Felicetti Andrea
Published: June 2023

Some scholars warn about democratic disaffection of young people potentially leading to processes of ‘democratic deconsolidation’. Conversely, others interpret young people's preference for non-conventional forms of participation as a manifestation of democratic renewal. We surveyed respondents from nine European countries and analysed differences in attitudes of opposition to democracy across age groups and how these preferences shape political mobilization. Our findings show that the youngest adult group is no less supportive of liberal democracy than older age groups. Second, although attitudes of opposition towards democracy decrease political mobilization, this association is independent of age. Thus, young people's critical views of democracy rarely translate into apathy for democracy. Finally, our results provide insights into intra-generational democratic attitude differences by showing how young people's individual attributes are likely to crystallize into different value configurations and patterns of democratic engagement over time but within specific contexts.
The Use of Sovereignist Claims in Election Campaigns in France and Italy: Different Twins?
Authors: Carrieri Luca , Conti Nicolò
Published: June 2023

In this article we examine the phenomenon of the use of sovereignist claims, not only by nationalist or populist leaders but also by actors who would not normally fall into these categories. We zoom in on two different cases: France and Italy. Through an analysis of Twitter we examine the discourse of the political leadership in election campaigns. We document some interesting commonalities, as well as some differences, concerning the emphasis on sovereignist claims. We produce an account of the patterns of use of sovereignist issues, we identify which parties/leaders have been the main promoters of sovereignist claims and how their competitors have responded to this challenge. Finally, we analyse the main drivers of sovereignist party discourses. Through regression analysis we show how, both in France and in Italy, the sovereignist supply has been influenced by ideology and citizens' demands.
Obituary: Professor Thomas James Fahy, FRCPsych
Authors: Kelly Brendan D.
Published: June 2023

Professor Thomas James Fahy, consultant psychiatrist, who died on 9 January 2023, made substantial contributions to the development of psychiatry, medical teaching, psychiatric research, and post-graduate training in Ireland, England, and the United States. He was a Foundation Fellow of the Royal College of Psychiatrists and Founder Chairman of the Irish Psychiatric Training Committee. He served as Professor of Psychiatry at University College Galway from 1975 to 2001 and also served on the Medical Council and Medical Research Council, among other bodies. Professor Fahy’s research interests included depressive symptomatology, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, head injury, suicide, and electroconvulsive therapy. He was a compassionate doctor, an inspiring teacher, a witty speaker, and a superb ambassador for psychiatry in Ireland and beyond.
Walking droplets have been halted
Authors: Viola F. , Verzicco R.
Published: June 2023

The swinging motion of the eigenmodes of a free inviscid drop has been known for nearly a century. Yet, as the drop sits on a solid substrate, getting flattened by gravity, analytical solutions waver due to the non-spherical base state and the dynamics of the three-phase contact line. The recent paper by Zhang et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 962, 2023, A10) investigated the effect of gravity on the harmonic modes of sessile droplets for free and pinned contact line conditions. An effective boundary element method has been used to solve both axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric modes for a variety of Bond numbers and static contact angles, also revising on the way a debated capillary instability.
Deformations of corank 1 frontals
Authors: Muñoz-Cabello C. , Nuño-Ballesteros J. J. , Oset Sinha R.
Published: June 2023

We develop a Thom–Mather theory of frontals analogous to Ishikawa's theory of deformations of Legendrian singularities but at the frontal level, avoiding the use of the contact setting. In particular, we define concepts like frontal stability, versality of frontal unfoldings or frontal codimension. We prove several characterizations of stability, including a frontal Mather–Gaffney criterion, and of versality. We then define the method of reduction with which we show how to construct frontal versal unfoldings of plane curves and show how to construct stable unfoldings of corank 1 frontals with isolated instability which are not necessarily versal. We prove a frontal version of Mond's conjecture in dimension 1. Finally, we classify stable frontal multigerms and give a complete classification of corank 1 stable frontals from $\mathbb {C}^3$ to $\mathbb {C}^4$.
Bone marrow sparing RapidArc treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer – can it reduce haematological toxicity?
Authors: Joy Sheena , Aaron Judith , Joseph Jenny , Thomas Biju P. , Joseph Johny K. , Tom Jose
Published: June 2023

Context:

Haematological toxicities are seen in rectal cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with capecitabine.

Aims:

To compare dose volume histogram (DVH) parameters and acute haematological toxicities using RapidArc with or without bone marrow constraints for rectal cancer patients receiving pelvic chemoradiation as part of curative treatment.

Setting and designs:

This is a prospective randomised controlled study including patients with rectal cancer initiated on chemoradiation. Patients were stratified into two arms, bone marrow sparing (BMS) arm and non-bone marrow sparing arm (NBMS).

Materials and methods:

DVH parameters and weekly toxicity data were collected. Grade 2 or more anaemia, leucopenia, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia, any blood transfusions, colony-stimulating factor injection, platelet transfusions were considered as an event in acute haematological toxicity (HT).

Statistical analysis:

Independent t-test was used to compare quantitative parameters, and Mann–Whitney U-test was used for ordinal parameters between groups.

Results:

A total of 43 patients were enrolled. Bone marrow constraints were achieved without compromising the target coverage. There was a significant reduction in the bone marrow dose with BMS technique (p < 0·05). A 16·7% reduction in the HT (33·3% versus 50%) and a 21·9% reduction in the grade 2 or more anaemia (19% versus 40·9%) were noted in the BMS arm when compared to NBMS arm, though not statistically significant. However, in the preoperative setting, a significant reduction in grade 2/more anaemia (7·1% versus 41·1%, p = 0·035) was noticed in the BMS arm.

Conclusions:

Pelvic BMS radiotherapy may benefit patients receiving chemoradiation for locally advanced carcinoma rectum as part of curative treatment.
Houston, we have a problem…or do we? The trajectory of astrobioethics and Indigenous thought
Authors: Mackay Ried
Published: June 2023

Background

At the 2022 meeting of the American Society for Bioethics and Medical Humanities, a new affinity group was formed: astrobioethics. This is the branch of bioethics for space exploration, extraterrestrial environments and possible extraterrestrial organisms. Bioethics has traditionally operated from Western/Global North dominated thought structures and it is difficult to introduce alternative frameworks. However, astrobioethics is forming and is primed to include alternative frameworks, such as pre-Columbian Indigenous American philosophy/ethics and Global South frameworks and knowledge.

Methods

The methods utilized include Indigenous research methodologies and standpoint, an overview of Indigenous American philosophy/ethics, and reflection on how this may impact astrobioethical considerations of space exploration.

Discussion and Conclusions

Indigenous philosophies and ethics consider space exploration and its associated risks and impacts on potential extraterrestrial lifeforms, systems and environments. The nuances of using terms like ‘colonization’ are considered and the paper concludes by considering how Méxica philosophical concepts and the four main Indigenous pragmatic dimensions can interact with established bioethical principles to guide future space exploration.
The place of the relative at the time of the announcement of cancer progression: BABEL – a mixed-methods study
Authors: Ingrand Isabelle , Laurent Estelle , Lecomte Thierry , Cojocarasu Oana , Egreteau Joëlle , Aleba Albert , Hureaux José , Colombat Philippe , Gyan Emmanuel , Bourgeois Hugues
Published: June 2023

Objectives

This study aims to explore the place of the relative in these triadic consultations and how this influences communication.

Methods

A mixed-methods research strategy was used. Triadic consultations for the announcement of cancer progression were recorded and following the 3 participants completed questionnaires comprising mirror-items. Recordings and answers were further investigated in a few semi-structured interviews. Comparison of quantitative responses (questionnaires) used Wilcoxon’s test for matched series. Qualitative analyses (consultations, interviews) used grounded theory. Patients were over 18, followed for cancer in palliative phase, excluding brain tumors and malignant hemopathies, and presented renewed disease progression. Relatives were over 18 and authorized by the patient to participate.

Results

47 consultations (audio-recordings, answers to questionnaires) and 12 interviews conducted separately with 4 triads were collected. Half the relatives, while remaining in the background, nevertheless contributed to the discussion. For patients, the presence of a relative was considered beneficial and for oncologists it facilitated the announcement. However, symptoms perceived as intimate or private appeared difficult to express for some patients, and for relatives, prognosis was a difficult subject to broach. Although their relationship with time and their expectations may differ, patients and relatives found consultations positive. Oncologists appeared to underestimate the patient’s level of understanding (P<0.001) and perceptions of the seriousness of the disease (P=0.009) but not those of relatives. They did not evaluate the relative’s state of health and check what the dyad had retained.

Significance of results

Training via simulation sessions should be adapted to communication involving relatives.
Social Worldviews Predict the General Factor of Paranormal and Generic Conspiracist Beliefs
Authors: Grigoryev Dmitry , Gallyamova Albina
Published: June 2023

Even though wide access to any warranted information in the modern age, the problem of unfounded belief is still relevant, since these beliefs often lead to negative consequences (e.g., vaccination refusal, homeopathic treatment, etc.). The aim of this study was testing the relationship of social worldviews with paranormal beliefs and conspiracy beliefs. We assumed dimensionality hypothesis based on functional standpoint that there should be a general factor (underlying all the domains of paranormal beliefs and generic conspiracist beliefs), which has associations with the social worldviews as well. Derived our analysis from the survey of 228 participants (Mage = 30.6, SD = 11.7), we found that (a) the structure of paranormal and generic conspiracist beliefs can be described by a bifactor model; (b) the general factor of paranormal and generic conspiracist beliefs in the bifactor model was positively associated with global belief in just world and dangerous worldview; (c) paranormal beliefs were positively associated with global belief in just world and negatively associated with competitive worldview; (d) generic conspiracist beliefs were positively associated with dangerous worldview, competitive worldview, and zero-sum game belief; (e) contrary to our hypotheses, there was no evidence for any negative association of paranormal beliefs with dangerous worldview or zero-sum game belief and for any negative association of generic conspiracist beliefs with global belief in just world. We claim that the unfounded beliefs can be of some functional nature, demonstrating a connection with social worldviews, which opens up new perspectives for considering this problem within the framework of social psychology.
Regional Mapping of Small‐Scale Equatorial Ionospheric Irregularities Using Swarm Echo Satellite Measurements
Authors: Mohandesi Ali , Knudsen David J. , Skone Susan , Langley Richard B. , Yau Andrew W.
Published: June 2023

We propose a novel approach to produce regional maps of small‐scale scintillation‐causing irregularities using a single satellite. To construct the maps, we employ several ionospheric GPS indices, including total electron content, high‐resolution ROTI, and S4, calculated from the Swarm Echo GPS Attitude, Positioning, and Profiling Experiment Occultation (GAP‐O) receiver with its antenna pointed upward. GAP‐O's high‐sample‐rate observations enable irregularities as small as 320 m to be resolved. We present two case studies in which we compare the maps with in situ measurements of irregularities and simultaneous vertical TEC maps obtained from the ground. In situ measurements of net current onto the external surface of the Imaging and Rapid‐scanning Ion Mass Spectrometer sensor on board Swarm Echo were utilized to quantify plasma density fluctuations. Then, we apply the method to synthetic data to illustrate the efficacy of the method. Modeling results show that the irregularity maps can determine the horizontal geo‐locations of small‐scale irregularities, though with significant uncertainties in the cross‐track direction (east‐west). As Swarm Echo traverses different altitudes, these maps provide additional information on the altitudinal distribution of plasma fluctuations. This technique facilitates a better understanding of the morphology of scintillation‐causing irregularities, which are challenging to map from ground‐based receiver arrays alone.
Charge transport and near-infrared emission properties of semiconducting polymers
Authors: Michinobu Tsuyoshi
Published: June 2023

Research on semiconducting polymers is an interdisciplinary field that requires a wide range of knowledge ranging from polymer syntheses to electronics applications. Clarifying the correlations between chemical structures and physical properties leads to a better understanding of these materials. To find suitable application fields, it is necessary to repeatedly prepare polymer samples with slightly different chemical structures and evaluate their physical properties. The author’s group started their research with the aim of developing high-performance semiconducting polymers that exhibited high charge carrier mobilities in thin film transistors, and this has recently been expanded to polymers that emit light in the near-infrared region.
Phenotypic effects of genetic variants associated with autism
Authors: Rolland Thomas , Cliquet Freddy , Anney Richard J. L. , Moreau Clara , Traut Nicolas , Mathieu Alexandre , Huguet Guillaume , Duan Jinjie , Warrier Varun , Portalier Swan , Dry Louise , Leblond Claire S. , Douard Elise , Amsellem Frédérique , Malesys Simon , Maruani Anna , Toro Roberto , Børglum Anders D. , Grove Jakob , Baron-Cohen Simon , Packer Alan , Chung Wendy K. , Jacquemont Sébastien , Delorme Richard , Bourgeron Thomas
Published: June 2023

While over 100 genes have been associated with autism, little is known about the prevalence of variants affecting them in individuals without a diagnosis of autism. Nor do we fully appreciate the phenotypic diversity beyond the formal autism diagnosis. Based on data from more than 13,000 individuals with autism and 210,000 undiagnosed individuals, we estimated the odds ratios for autism associated to rare loss-of-function (LoF) variants in 185 genes associated with autism, alongside 2,492 genes displaying intolerance to LoF variants. In contrast to autism-centric approaches, we investigated the correlates of these variants in individuals without a diagnosis of autism. We show that these variants are associated with a small but significant decrease in fluid intelligence, qualification level and income and an increase in metrics related to material deprivation. These effects were larger for autism-associated genes than in other LoF-intolerant genes. Using brain imaging data from 21,040 individuals from the UK Biobank, we could not detect significant differences in the overall brain anatomy between LoF carriers and non-carriers. Our results highlight the importance of studying the effect of the genetic variants beyond categorical diagnosis and the need for more research to understand the association between these variants and sociodemographic factors, to best support individuals carrying these variants.
Decoupling of scandium and rare earth elements in organic (nano)particle-rich boreal rivers draining the Fennoscandian Shield
Authors: Klimpel Franziska , Bau Michael
Published: June 2023

Only few datasets on scandium (Sc) and rare earths and yttrium (REY) in rivers are available and the behaviour of Sc in the hydrosphere is poorly understood. We determined Sc and REY concentrations in the dissolved fraction of twelve boreal rivers in Sweden, which show low conductivity, circumneutral pH and elevated dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Scandium concentrations vary between 189 and 1170 pmol/l and are at the high end of the range reported for rivers worldwide. Unusually high Sc concentrations in the Dalsälven and Västerdalälven could be tracked to the Vanån, a tributary to the headwaters of the latter. Increasing Sc with increasing DOC and Yb concentrations suggest that organic ligands play a major role in the distribution of Sc. The REYSN patterns are similar for all rivers (except the Västerdalälven) and are slightly light REY-depleted with negative Ce and Eu anomalies, and positive Y anomalies. These patterns appear to be a general feature of freshwater draining the Fennoscandian Shield into the Baltic Sea for at least the past 28 years. Our results clearly demonstrate that Sc and REY are fractionated in river waters relative to their crustal source and that they should not be discussed jointly as “REE”.
The construction of mine water recycling performance evaluation index system under the Internet of Things environment
Authors: Lei Mingzhe , Li Yang , Zhou Ning , Zhao Yue
Published: June 2023

The utilization rate of water resources of mines in China is still relatively low. The evaluation of mine water recycling has practical guiding significance for the planning, positioning, development, and construction of groundwater in today’s society. This article constructs an evaluation system for mine water recycling based on the key performance index (KPI) via the Internet of Things and big data platforms. This system evaluates the recycling status of mine water. First, the micro-seismic monitoring system and the hydrological dynamic detection system are deployed in work. The installation and debugging methods are compared to meet the monitoring requirements. Second, the filtered clear water is used for equipment cooling and firefighting dust removal at the mining face through the constant pressure supply pump. The excess clear water is discharged to the surface. Finally, 16 indicators are screened from four dimensions to construct a key KPI mine water evaluation system for evaluation and optimization. The results demonstrate that the first mine water monitoring system runs well and is fully functional, achieving the expected goal. The utilization rate evaluation score has increased yearly, from 3.05 points in 2016 to 3.39 points in 2020. However, the per capita utilization rate score still needs improvement. It is essential to improve the rationality of development and utilization.
Discovery of long non-coding RNAs in Aspergillus flavus response to water activity, CO2 concentration, and temperature changes
Authors: Davati Nafiseh , Ghorbani Abozar
Published: June 2023

Although the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in key biological processes in animals and plants has been confirmed for decades, their identification in fungi remains limited. In this study, we discovered and characterized lncRNAs in Aspergillus flavus in response to changes in water activity, CO2 concentration, and temperature, and predicted their regulatory roles in cellular functions. A total of 472 lncRNAs were identified in the genome of A. flavus, consisting of 470 novel lncRNAs and 2 putative lncRNAs (EFT00053849670 and EFT00053849665). Our analysis of lncRNA expression revealed significant differential expression under stress conditions in A. flavus. Our findings indicate that lncRNAs in A. flavus, particularly down-regulated lncRNAs, may play pivotal regulatory roles in aflatoxin biosynthesis, respiratory activities, cellular survival, and metabolic maintenance under stress conditions. Additionally, we predicted that sense lncRNAs down-regulated by a temperature of 30 °C, osmotic stress, and CO2 concentration might indirectly regulate proline metabolism. Furthermore, subcellular localization analysis revealed that up-and down-regulated lncRNAs are frequently localized in the nucleus under stress conditions, particularly at a water activity of 0.91, while most up-regulated lncRNAs may be located in the cytoplasm under high CO2 concentration.
Genome-wide discovery of di-nucleotide SSR markers based on whole genome re-sequencing data of Cicer arietinum L. and Cicer reticulatum Ladiz
Authors: Sari Duygu , Sari Hatice , Ikten Cengiz , Toker Cengiz
Published: June 2023

Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are valuable genetic markers due to their co-dominant inheritance, multi-allelic and reproducible nature. They have been largely used for exploiting genetic architecture of plant germplasms, phylogenetic analysis, and mapping studies. Among the SSRs, di-nucleotide repeats are the most frequent of the simple repeats distributed throughout the plant genomes. In present study, we aimed to discover and develop di-nucleotide SSR markers by using the whole genome re-sequencing (WGRS) data from Cicer arietinum L. and C. reticulatum Ladiz. A total of 35,329 InDels were obtained in C. arietinum, whereas 44,331 InDels in C. reticulatum. 3387 InDels with 2 bp length were detected in C. arietinum, there were 4704 in C. reticulatum. Among 8091 InDels, 58 di-nucleotide regions that were polymorphic between two species were selected and used for validation. We tested primers for evaluation of genetic diversity in 30 chickpea genotypes including C. arietinum, C. reticulatum, C. echinospermum P.H. Davis, C. anatolicum Alef., C. canariense A. Santos & G.P. Lewis, C. microphyllum Benth., C. multijugum Maesen, C. oxyodon Boiss. & Hohen. and C. songaricum Steph ex DC. A total of 244 alleles were obtained for 58 SSR markers giving an average of 2.36 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity was 0.08 while the expected heterozygosity was 0.345. Polymorphism information content was found to be 0.73 across all loci. Phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analysis clearly divided the accessions into four groups. The SSR markers were also evaluated in 30 genotypes of a RIL population obtained from an interspecific cross between C. arietinum and C. reticulatum. Chi-square (χ2) test revealed an expected 1:1 segregation ratio in the population. These results demonstrated the success of SSR identification and marker development for chickpea with the use of WGRS data. The newly developed 58 SSR markers are expected to be useful for chickpea breeders.
Effects of pore size, water content, and oxygen-containing functional groups on oxygen adsorption in bituminous coal
Authors: Ren Zhongjiu , Wang Dapeng , Qin Zheng , Liu Ziwen
Published: June 2023

To further explore the mechanism of coal spontaneous combustion and better grasp the laws of spontaneous combustion, this article studied the adsorption behavior of O2 in coal. Materials studio software was applied to study the adsorption of oxygen under different water content, different pore sizes, and different oxygen-containing functional groups by means of grand canonical Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulation methods. The results show that the adsorption capacity of O2 decreases with the increase in water content. With the increase of molecular pore size of coal, the adsorption capacity of O2 increases, and the tight adsorption amounts decrease. The equivalent adsorption heat is less than 42 kJ/mol, indicating that the adsorption of O2 in coal pores is physical adsorption. The smaller the physical adsorption energy and charge transfer value of the hydroxyl group for O2, it indicates that the hydroxyl group is the active group for the physical adsorption of O2.
EtOH-catalyzed electrosynthesis of imidazolidine-fused sulfamidates fromN-sulfonyl ketimines,N-arylglycines and formaldehyde
Authors: Lu Yu-Han , Mu Si-Yu , Li Hong-Xia , Jiang Jun , Wu Chao , Zhou Min-Hang , Ouyang Wen-Tao , He Wei-Min
Published: June 2023

With formaldehyde as an atom-economical carbonyl synthon, the EtOH-catalyzed electrochemical multicomponent synthesis of various imidazolidine-fused sulfamidates under organic oxidant-free, energy-saving and mild conditions was developed.
Correction: Supramolecular self-assembly of amantadine hydrochloride with ferulic acid via dual optimization strategy establishes a precedent of synergistic antiviral drug-phenolic acid nutraceutical cocrystal
Authors: Wang Ling-Yang , Niu Yuan-Yuan , Zhao Ming-Yu , Yu Yue-Ming , Li Yan-Tuan , Wu Zhi-Yong , Yan Cui-Wei
Published: June 2023

Correction for ‘Supramolecular self-assembly of amantadine hydrochloride with ferulic acid via dual optimization strategy establishes a precedent of synergistic antiviral drug-phenolic acid nutraceutical cocrystal’ by Ling-Yang Wang et al., Analyst, 2021, 146, 3988–3999, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1AN00478F.
Unraveling the surface self-reconstruction of Fe-doped Ni-thiophosphate for efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Kirubasankar Balakrishnan , Won Yo Seob , Choi Soo Ho , Kim Jae Woo , Adofo Laud Anim , Kim Soo Min , Kim Ki Kang
Published: June 2023

Iron (Fe) promotes the surface reconstruction of NiPS3 even at lower potential for the NixFe1−xPS3 OER electrocatalyst. The surface reconstructed amorphous layers can efficiently act as real catalytic active sites for the OER.
Group 13 ion coordination to pyridyl models NAD+ reduction potentials
Authors: Parsons Leo W. T. , Fettinger James C. , Berben Louise A.
Published: June 2023

N-alkylation and N-metallation of pyridine are explored herein to understand how metal-ligand complexes can model NAD+ redox chemistry.
Chirality induction and amplification in supramolecular systems exhibiting vibrational optical activity
Authors: Kaczor Agnieszka
Published: June 2023

This perspective review discusses up-to-date studies focusing on applications of vibrational optical activity (VOA) to analyse supramolecular, mostly biogenic, systems showing induction and amplification of chirality.
A rheologist's guideline to data-driven recovery of complex fluids' parameters from constitutive models
Authors: Saadat Milad , Mangal Deepak , Jamali Safa
Published: June 2023

Rheology-informed neural networks are discussed as platforms for prediction of complex rheological behavior such as thixo-elasto-visco-plastic mechanics. By informing RhINNs with the appropriate constitutive laws, unprecedented predictability for unseen data is achieved.
Multiple-element analysis of coal using collinear double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Ni Qi , He Yong , Weng Wubin , Zhu Yanqun , Wang Zhihua
Published: June 2023

Collinear double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy has been developed to enhance the emission signal of coal plasma.
Investigation of uranium oxide hydrates with barium(ii) ions: structural diversity, uranium valences and implications
Authors: Lu Kimbal T. , Zhang Yingjie , Wei Tao , Ablott Timothy A. , Plášil Jakub , Karatchevtseva Inna , Zheng Rongkun
Published: June 2023

Two synthetic uranium oxide hydrates with Ba(ii) ions, a 2D layered structure and a complex 3D structure, were synthesised hydrothermally and characterised.
A hardware prototype of wideband high‐dynamic range analog‐to‐digital converter
Authors: Mulleti Satish , Reznitskiy Eliya , Savariego Shlomi , Namer Moshe , Glazer Nimrod , Eldar Yonina C.
Published: June 2023

Key parameters of analog‐to‐digital converters (ADCs) are their sampling rate and dynamic range. Power consumption and cost of an ADC are directly proportional to the sampling rate; hence, it is desirable to keep it as low as possible. The dynamic range of an ADC also plays an important role, and ideally, it should be greater than the signal's; otherwise, the signal will be clipped. To avoid clipping, modulo folding can be used before sampling, followed by an unfolding algorithm to recover the true signal. Here, the authors present a modulo hardware prototype that can be used before sampling to avoid clipping. The authors’ modulo hardware operates prior to the sampling mechanism and can fold higher frequency signals compared to existing hardware. The authors present a detailed design of the hardware and also address key issues that arise during implementation. In terms of applications, the authors show the reconstruction of finite‐rate‐of‐innovation signals, which are beyond the dynamic range of the ADC. The authors’ system operates at six times below the Nyquist rate of the signal and can accommodate eight times larger signals than the ADC's dynamic range.
Radial velocities and stellar population properties of 56 MATLAS dwarf galaxies observed with MUSE
Authors: Heesters Nick , Müller Oliver , Marleau Francine R. , Duc Pierre-Alain , Sánchez-Janssen Rubén , Poulain Mélina , Habas Rebecca , Lim Sungsoon , Durrell Patrick R.
Published: June 2023

Dwarf galaxies have been extensively studied in the Local Group, in nearby groups, and selected clusters, giving us a robust picture of their global stellar and dynamical properties, such as their circular velocity, stellar mass, surface brightness, age, and metallicity in particular locations in the Universe. Intense study of these properties has revealed correlations between them, called the scaling relations, including the well-known universal stellar mass-metallicity relation. However, since dwarfs play a role in a vast range of different environments, much can be learned about galaxy formation and evolution through extending the study of these objects to various locations. We present MUSE spectroscopy of a sample of 56 dwarf galaxies as a follow-up to the MATLAS survey in low- to moderate-density environments beyond the Local Volume. The dwarfs have stellar masses in the range of M*/M⊙ = 106.1–109.4 and show a distance range of D = 14–148 Mpc, the majority of which (75%) are located in the range targeted by the MATLAS survey (10–45 Mpc). We thus report a 75% success rate for the semi-automatic identification of dwarf galaxies (79% for dwarf ellipticals) in the MATLAS survey on the subsample presented here. Using pPXF full spectrum fitting, we determine their line-of-sight velocity and can match the majority of them with their massive host galaxy. Due to the observational setup of the MATLAS survey, the dwarfs are located in the vicinity of massive galaxies. Therefore, we are able to confirm their association through recessional velocity measurements. Close inspection of their spectra reveals that ∼30% show clear emission lines, and thus star formation activity. We estimate their stellar population properties (age and metallicity) and compare our results with other works investigating Local Volume and cluster dwarf galaxies. We find that the dwarf galaxies presented in this work show a systematic offset from the universal stellar mass-metallicity relation toward lower metallicities at the same stellar mass. A similar deviation is present in other works in the stellar mass range probed in this work and might be attributed to the use of different methodologies for deriving the metallicity.
Health status assessment of scraper conveyor conveying equipment based on cross-entropy theory and immune principle
Authors: Wang Chunsheng , Wu Dangdang , Qi Yuhao , Liu Hongfei , Yu Tongzhu
Published: June 2023

Based on cross-entropy theory and immunity principle, the paper evaluates the health status of scraper conveying equipment. Firstly, the hierarchical analysis model and immune monitoring model of scraper conveyor equipment are established, and then the cross-entropy theory integrating AHP, fuzzy statistical method and entropy weight method is used to calculate the composite weight of scraper conveyor conveyor equipment index, and finally the health status assessment results are obtained. Combined with the case analysis, the proposed health status assessment method can effectively combine the physical characteristics and operating status of each index of scraper conveying equipment to complete the health status assessment of scraper conveying equipment.
Research on Dynamic Path Exploration and Planning Method of Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Complex Environment
Authors: Huang Hanting
Published: June 2023

As a research hotspot in the field of mobile robots in recent years, UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) has been improving its autonomous performance. Compared with traditional UAV, UAV has many advantages, such as vertical lifting, strong maneuverability and convenient operation. However, the dynamic path planning of quadrotor UAV, as a typical autonomous ability of mobile robot, has always been the research focus in the field of UAV. In this regard, this paper will try to study the dynamic path exploration planning method of quadrotor UAV in complex environment. In the complex environment model, the comparative simulation from the aspects of calculation time, calculation complexity and success rate shows that the selection of high-order polynomials can ensure high-order continuity, but it will also increase the calculation time and complexity. Compared with CF algorithm, the calculation time in this paper is 57% lower on average and the success rate is 17.6% higher on average, which shows that this algorithm is more suitable for online flight path planning of quadrotor. Comparatively speaking, the success rate of the other two methods decreases with the increase of environmental complexity, and the overall calculation time is longer.
Optimization of asynchronous motor with Taguchi method based on Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Zhang Lixi
Published: June 2023

In order to study the operation process of the motor and improve the operating performance of the motor, this paper performs finite element simulation of the three-phase asynchronous motor and optimizes the initial design by using the Taguchi method. Firstly, a three-phase asynchronous motor model is established with the voltage, current, torque, flux linkage, distribution of the flux lines and magnetic induction intensity of the motor under rated conditions is vertified by Finite Element Analysis (FEA), and the total accuracy reaches 92%. Then, the parametric simulation of the stator and rotor cogging parameters and stator and rotor parameters is carried and the sensibility of different parameters on the motor torque is obtained. The rotor cogging parameter Hs01 and stator cogging parameter Hs0 had the highest sensitivity, which were 75% and 16%, respectively. Finally, the Taguchi method was applied to optimize the torque of the motor, and the torque was increased by 9.5%.
Research Status of Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Lin Zihao
Published: June 2023

Thanks to the promotion of new energy vehicles, the industry of lithium-ion batteries has ushered in its booming period. The current industry of lithium ion batteries is in rapid development with great potential. Therefore, many researchers have turned to focus on lithium ion batteries to obtain better lithium ion batteries. In this paper, the literature review of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries is to be carried out from the following aspects, including the overview of lithium ion batteries, their basic performance indexes, and the classification and preparation methods of cathode materials. Besides, the present situation and modification strategies of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries will be further analyzed, so as to improve their electrochemical performance.
Optimizations of the internal structure of the reel of a double rope winder
Authors: Fu Jia
Published: June 2023

Due to the shortage of resources, the deep development of resources is imminent, and the superdeep mine hoist plays a leading role in the development process. According to the structure, the hoists can be divided into winding hoists and friction hoists. Winding hoists can be single-rope winding and multirope winding. With the increase of mining depth, friction hoists will have the disadvantage of increasing the mass of the tail rope, while wire rope diameter of single-rope winding hoists will increase with the increase of mining depth. So double-rope winding hoists can be used to balance the above two problems. Therefore, this study will use finite element analysis, and treat hoist reel as a uniformly pressurized shell, through the static and modal analysis of reel. Under the maximum static tension, this study gets the reel the force and deformation distribution. Through the change of the internal structure of the reel, it improves the reel force weakness and reduce the reel deformation. By reducing the deformation of the reel, this study tells how to reduce the tension difference of the wire rope. This study will improve the synchronization and stability of the hoisting system and provide an alternative and effective way for the deep development of the resources with the double-rope winding hoists.
Highly dispersed Pt with CoFeP hollow nanocages for efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Xie Jingyi , Dong Bin
Published: June 2023

The strong binding energy of Pt with oxygen intermediates results in its low OER efficiency at the anode. Herein, Pt-doped CoFeP (Pt-CoFeP) material has been synthesized using CoFe-PBA as precursor through facile etching and phosphating processes. Interestingly, Pt-CoFeP with hollow cage framework exhibits large surface area after etching, which plays a domain-limiting role for the high dispersion of platinum atoms and facilitates the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The target sample Pt-CoFeP only needs low overpotentials of 311.7 and 343.1 mV to deliver the current density of 10 and 50 mA cm-2, which is superior to commercial RuO2. The excellent activity can be attributed to large specific surface area in hollow framework and highly dispersed platinum atoms. And its great durability is evaluated through chronoamperometry measurement for 12 hours. This work provides a potential method to design electrocatalysts with complex structure loaded with highly dispersed Pt particles derived from Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) for water splitting.
Sulphur doping of nickel ferrite nanosheet array for enhanced water oxidation
Authors: Liu Haijun , Dong Bin
Published: June 2023

Industrial water electrolysis requires highly-active and ampere-current-bearing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts, but achieving such a large operating current density at low overpotentials in available OER catalysts still remains a grand challenge. Herein, we report a facile and conventional strategy to grow vertically non-metallic modified nickel ferrite nanosheets on Fe foam (S-NiFe2O4/IF) as largecurrent-density OER catalysts. The vertically aligned nanosheet arrays can offer large electrochemical surface area, and the spacing between nanoarrays can allow for effective electrolyte access to the active sites. The introduction of S enhanced the adsorption and dissociation to water and optimized the adsorption of OER intermediates. As a result, S-NiFe2O4/IF exhibits superior OER activity with an overpotential of 287 and 326 mV to achieve 100 and 500 mA cm−2, respectively, and displays robust stability in alkaline media. In addition, the synthesis strategy developed here can be applied to other mixed transition metal oxides with similar selfsupported earth-abundant nanoarrays for advanced electrocatalysis in energy-related reactions.