bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational study of the performance of a solar dryer for improvement in the shelf life of the food materials
Authors: Sengar Mukul , Singh Dhananjay , Mishra Pradeep Kumar , Singh Deepak , Giri Balendu Shekher
Published: July 2023

Solar drying is a non-polluting and economic drying process which utilizes solar energy to dry the food materials for better shelf life. We have fabricated a simple, efficient, and economically feasible indirect type solar dryer for food preservation. This article presents the dynamic model of fabricated solar dryer. This model consists of thermal modeling of the drying chamber, solar collector, and solar dried- food sample. The energy balance has been applied to evaluate the temperature at different sections of the solar dryer with respect to drying time. Model equations have been solved in the MATLAB environment. Solar power meter and infrared thermometer used as measuring instruments. This study helps to examine the influence of solar radiation on the collector plate temperature, drying chamber temperature, food sample temperature, and performance parameters such as thermal efficiency with respect to drying time. Model data has been found in good agreement with experimental data within 4% error. It is concluded that the drying of food material is affected by air temperature, the collector temperature, mode of heat transfer, and material characteristics such as dimension, and mass of the food sample.
Application of apparent diffusion coefficient of extraocular muscles from diffusion tensor imaging scanning in the assessment of disease activity of thyroid eye disease
Authors: Tang Cheng yang , Huang Qian , liang Liang , zhang Ming qiao , ya Xiao , Long Jian
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in differentiating activity of thyroid eye disease (TED).
Method: Forty-two TED patients who underwent diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 29 patients in analysis group and 13 patients in validation group.The mean,maximum and minimum ADC value of each EOM were regarded as ADCmean, ADCmax and ADCmin.The difference between ADCmax and ADCmin was regarded as △ADC.The correlations between ADCmean or △ADC of each EOM and clinical activity score (CAS) were assessed.
Results:
In analysis group, ADCmean differed between active and inactive eyes and positively correlated with CAS in IR (P<0.05), not in SR,LR and MR(all p>0.05). While △ADC differed between two groups and negatively correlated with CAS in all EOMs (all P<0.05). ADCmean predicted active disease at cut-off value of 1259.3×10−6mm2s-1 with sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 71.4% in IR[area under curve =0.667, P<0.05].△ADC predicted disease activity in all EOMs [area under curve 0.658–0.746,all P<0.05].The cut-off values of △ADC were 382, 823,520 and 572 ×10−6mm2s-1 with sensitivity of 80.0%, 50.0%,43.3%,83.3% and specificity of 67.9%,85.7%, 89.3%, 60.7% in SR,IR,MR, and LR respectively.There were no significant differences in the predictive efficacy among all cut-off values.
Conclusions: Our results showed that DTI is an valuable tool in the assessment of disease activity of TED.Both ADCmean of IR and △ADC of all four EOMs can be used in discriminating disease activity with the same predictive power.
Genetic causal association between type 2 diabetes, body mass index, smoking initiation and myopia：A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Chu , Li Shu-Qin , Wang Hui , Chen Xiang-Lei , Liu Qin , Liu Yong
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to explore the causal relationships between type 2 diabetes, body mass index(BMI), smoking initiation, and myopia. We utilized summary statistics from independent genome-wide association studies to examine the causal linkages among these factors. Our main analytical technique was the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, along with weighted median and mr-egger as supplements. Univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization(MR) analyses were conducted, and reverse MR was performed to assess reverse causation.The results showed that there were associations between myopia and smoking initiation (odds ratio (OR) 0.984, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.977-0.992, p=6.35×10-5), body mass index (OR 0.989, 95% CI 0.984-0.993, p=3.84×10-6), and type 2 diabetes (OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.002-1.006, p=4.15×10-4). These associations remained strong even after mutual adjustment. We observed no pleiotropy in these exposures, and no associations were found in reverse MR.In conclusion, this study is the first to use univariable and multivariate mendelian randomization to confirm a causal relationship between type 2 diabetes, smoking initiation, BMI and myopia.
How problematic is water hyacinth as invasive species in non-eutrophied freshwaters? Towards lasting solutions of water hyacinth freshwater invasions
Authors: Chala Desalegn , Tsegaye Diress , Alem Habtamu , Asalf Belachew , Moges Melesse , Abate Nega , Wondie Ayalew , Tadesse Aklilu Tilahun , Aticho Abebayehu , Gonsamo Alemu , Wang Lanhui , Lundgren Erick , Kerby Jeffrey , Svenning Jens-Christian
Published: July 2023

Water hyacinth, a plant considered highly invasive, is globally recognized for its detrimental impact on tropical freshwater ecosystems and economies. Its biology, sexual and asexual propagations, short life-cycle and abundant seed production, makes it difficult to control. Although physical removal is the common intervention, our current study in Lake Tana, Ethiopia, revealed its ineffectiveness. Despite a massive removal campaign that initially eliminated 75% (~ 1,271 ha) of water hyacinth in November-December 2020, we here show that the plant rebounded within a year, surpassing pre-intervention levels by 18%. Through SWOT analysis of various interventions, we show that short-term interventions are neither effective nor sustainable. Our analysis suggests that its proliferation in freshwaters is primarily driven by eutrophication rather than traditional mechanisms of invasion. We propose a sustainable solution centered around improving water quality through continuous removal of water hyacinth, utilizing phytoremediation to extract nutrients, and implementing catchment management to minimize nutrient influx.
Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome caused by PIK3CD mutations: Expanding the phenotype
Authors: Zhao Peiwei , Huang Juan , Fu Huicong , Li Tianhong , Zhang Xiankai , Meng Qingjie , Zhang Lei , Tan Li , Zhang Wen , Chen Hebin , Ding Yan , He Xuelian
Published: July 2023

Background
Germline heterozygous gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the PIK3CD gene lead to a rare primary immunodeficiency disease also known as activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) δ syndrome type 1(APDS1). Affected patients present with recurrent infections, increased levels of serum IgM, lymphoproliferation, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia and the phenotypes are highly heterogeneous. We reported the clinical presentations and underlying genetic factors in three patients diagnosed with APDS1 from China.
Methods
Trio whole-exome sequencing (trio-WES) was performed in three patients with unclear diagnosis. Sanger sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR were used to confirm the variants identified.
Results
Two heterozygous mutations (c.3061G > A, p.E1021K and c.1574A > G, p.E525G) in PIK3CD (NM_005026.3) were identified by whole exome sequencing in the three patients. One of two patients with the mutation (c.3061G > A) presented with abdominal pain as the first symptom, which was due to intussusception caused by multiple polyps of colon. The patient with mutation (c.1574A > G) in had an anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV)-like clinical manifestations, including multisystemic inflammation, acute glomerulonephritis, and positive perinuclear ANCA (p-ANCA), and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), one of the subtypes of AAV, was considered.
Conclusions
We report some novel phenotype and genotype features of three patients with PIK3CD mutations. This is the first time to report PI3CKD-asociated intussusception and MPA. Our study suggested AAV-MPA may be novel phenotype of GOF mutations in this gene and our data expand the clinical spectrum of APDS.
Trial registration: retrospectively registered.
Particle Filter Based Video Object Tracking Scheme With Target Remodeling and Reinitialization and its Hardware Implementation Using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Panda Jyotiranjan , Nanda Pradipta Kumar , Pradhan Tuhinansu
Published: July 2023

Video object tracking in real-world scenarios is one of the challenging problems of computer vision. The issue is compounded in the presence of varying illumination conditions, dynamic entities of the background, and bad weather conditions. In this research, a particle filter based new video object tracking scheme is developed with the proposed notions of target remodeling and reinitialization. During the tracking phase, the target is remodeled in each frame to take care of the changing scene dynamics over frames. The target is remodeled by fused feature distributions chosen from the created bank of fused feature distributions having discriminating potential to differentiate the target and the background in a given frame. The fused feature bank is created by fusing two features from the set consisting of Color, LBP, and HOG features. The features are fused probabilistically where the weights are determined based on the discriminating ability of a given feature. In order to achieve high tracking accuracy, the deviation of the tracker is evaluated ineach frame using the notion of time motion history and reinitialization of the tracker position takes place when the deviation is above a preselected threshold. Besides, the proposed algorithm has been implemented successfully on a Raspberry Pi based hardware setup and thus becomes a potential candidate for real time implementation. The proposed scheme is successfully tested on videos from DAVIS 2016, LASIESTA, and CDnet 2014 databases and the tracking accuracy is found to be higher than those of the existing algorithms.
MMP1 acts as an independent prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltration in breast cancer
Authors: li yilin , Li Wei , Wang Sisi , Chen Jiaren , Deng Lufeng , Li Dan , Zhong Yangyan , Deng Junjie , Deng Jian , Feng Haigang , Luo Jie , Cao Hong
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) is overexpressed in multiple human tumors. However, the role of MMP1 in breast cancer (BRCA) has not been explored.
Material and methods: The relationship between MMP1 expression and immune cell infiltration was conducted using Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER, https:// cistrome.shinyapps.io/timer/), and the survival curve was plotted using Kaplan-Meier with log-rank test. The influence of MMP1 on immune infiltration, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses, immunologic infiltration analysis, and drug sensitivity were conducted through R 4.2.0. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) were used to verify MMP1 expression in BC and the correlation between MMP1 and CD20, CD86 immune cells.
Results: MMP1 was overexpressed in BRCA tumors (p<0.05), and its high expression was related to poor prognosis (p=0.01). In addition, MMP1 was an independent prognostic biomarker in BRCA. Our findings provide information to further understand the biological functions and signaling pathways of MMP1 in BRCA. IHC and IF have proven the relationship between MMP1 and BRCA.
Conclusions: These results implied a critical role of MMP1 in the prognosis and immune infiltration of BRCA. In addition, MMP1 expression participated in regulating multiple oncogenes and tumorigenesis.
A novel physical method for processing agro-waste derived pineapple leaf fibre for fabricating polypropylene matrix composites with higher mechanical performance
Authors: Rahman Habibur , Rana Sohel , Das Apurba , Alagirusamy Ramasamy
Published: July 2023

In this work, a new physical method was used to process agro-waste pineapple leaf fibres (PALF) instead of any chemical treatment for fabricating polypropylene (PP) matrix composites. Carding process was used for individualization and partial fibrillation of PALF as well as for removal of dust and sticky fibres. The high melt viscosity of PP hinders its penetration into the composite reinforcement. To overcome this difficulty, the separated and fibrillated PALF and PP fibres of different fineness were blended (50%/50% by weight) in the carding process to ensure homogeneous distribution of reinforcement and matrix phases within composites. The blended carded silver was further parallelized through a gill-drawing process, and subsequently, unidirectional composites were fabricated using compression moulding technique. A homogeneous fibre-matrix distribution was achieved in case of longer PALF and finer PP fibres, leading to the best mechanical properties of fabricated composites. The used carding process with optimum number of passages did not reduce the fibre length or deteriorate the mechanical properties of fibres and also found effective in improving fibre surface roughness, leading to an improved fibre-matrix interface. This study is the first to demonstrate the use of carding for processing of PALF and how PALF length and carding process influence different properties of fabricated composites.
The mechanisms of prenatal coping styles and message sources among pregnant women with fear of childbirth: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ji Kemeng , Li Zhizhen , Min Hui , Sun Liping , You Haiyue , Zhao Ying
Published: July 2023

Background Pregnant women's coping styles during childbirth can be positive or negative, but maladaptive coping is linked to adverse outcomes for both mother and infant. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms behind their coping behavior and how they receive childbirth information in order to promote maternal-infant health. However, there is a lack of research on the underlying mechanisms and message sources. The present study aimed to explore the effects of intolerance of uncertainty, childbirth self-efficacy and fear of childbirth on prenatal coping and investigate the information sources of pregnant women, so as to provide support for clinical interventions.Methods The study surveyed a sample of pregnant women (N = 294) who completed a questionnaire included questions on the participants' demographic information investigation between October 2022 and March 2023. The Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire, The Revised Prenatal Coping Inventory, The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-9, and The Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory measured fear of childbirth, prenatal coping styles, intolerance of uncertainty and childbirth self-efficacy, respectively. Bootstrapping mediation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between all scale score. The Mann-Whitney test was used to examine differences in coping style scores among different message sources.Results The study found that intolerance of uncertainty directly affects pregnant women's avoidance coping, while childbirth self-efficacy influences positive behavior. Fear of childbirth can drive both positive and avoidance coping. Additionally, the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and coping is mediated by self-efficacy and fear. Besides, actively coping pregnant women seek birth information from multiple sources, while those avoiding childbirth are less skilled in utilizing informational resources.Conclusions The findings shed light on the processes through which intolerance of uncertainty, childbirth self-efficacy and fear of childbirth may exert its effects on coping styles and offer theoretical guidance for clinical intervention and highlight the important way to carry out clinical intervention. The findings suggest that improving pregnant women's correct understanding of childbirth and coping skills can effectively alleviate the fear of childbirth. Clinicians should assist active pregnant women in accessing available information support, while also providing favorable information to those who avoiding childbirth through channels that women accept it most, such as social applications and websites. In addition, China should improve the role of midwives in antenatal care.
Study of Technological Advancement and Challenges of Façade System for Sustainable Building: Current Design Practice
Authors: Don Dushan , Navaratnam Satheeskumar , Rajeev Pathmanathan , Sanjayan Jay
Published: July 2023

Currently, there are several façade systems that exist to enable sustainable building design. The most challenges for façade designers are to identify new technology and effective sustainable systems that enable high structural and sustainable performance while producing a good aesthetic. Therefore, this paper aims to review the performance of existing façade systems and technologies used for sustainable building designs. This review showed that the double skin façade system is the most promising technological solution to improving energy performance and producing sustainable buildings. Furthermore, adaptive façade systems also enhance building performance and occupant comfort through active concepts. However, the lack of design standards, complex design and construction challenges hinder the growth of adaptive façade systems. The review indicates that to produce a sustainable building design, architects, engineers, and builders must consider the sustainable façade system that enables high energy efficiency, less cost, better occupant comfort, and less environmental impacts.
An Auto-Encoding Network for Binary Inscription Character Inpainting based on U-Net and Self-Attention
Authors: Zhao Long , Yuan Zonglong , Lou Yuhao , Qiao Xinxiao
Published: July 2023

Many inscriptions have suffered substantial damage as a result of artificial or natural causes, necessitating the use of computers for their repair and preservation. The character reconstruction method, however, is not sufficiently improved by the character inpainting models now in use. The traditional deconvolutional up-sampling module can only extract local spatial points from low-resolution feature maps to produce high-resolution details. To solve this problem, we design Binary Auto-Encoder (BAE) by introducing the self-attention mechanism in the U-Net decoder. The self-attention module calculates the feature weighting at each place to determine responsiveness and thereby computes the attention vector at a very cheap cost. Additionally, we use a spectrum normalization strategy to enhance the decoder’s up-sampling procedure. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) of BAE improve by 1.9 and 0.023, respectively, when compared to the baseline model, according to the results of our pairwise comparison of various inpainting models using the binary inscription dataset. The Handwritten Chinese Character Inpainting Generative Adversarial Network (HCCI-GAN) is then compared using the dataset of handwritten Chi-nese characters, and the findings demonstrate that the BAE has a cleverer and simpler architecture.
Particular features of the thermoelectric power factor of encapsulated structures formed by two-dimensional layers
Authors: Davydov S. Yu.  , Posrednik O. V.
Published: July 2023

Model approach is used to obtain expression for the thermoelectric power factor sigma S2 (sigma --- is the static conductivity, S --- is the Seebeck coefficient), characterized monoatomic 2D layer of IV group elements, placed between two slabs, formed by hexagonal 2D layers of III-V com-pounds. The h-BN/graphene/h-BN structure is thoroughly studied and the dependence of the sigma S2 value on the chemical potential μ is examined. The analytical estimates of the function sigma S^2(μ) are given. Keywords: static conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, hexagonal monoatomic 2D layers.
SMART SPECIALIZATION OF THE REGION: FUNDAMENTALS OF FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION
Authors: Martinovych Pavlo
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the development of theoretical foundations of the concept of smart specialization at the regional level, the search for "smart" strategies and the dissemination of relevant processes, as well as of prerequisites that contribute to the sustainable development of regions. It is determined that the theories of uneven development and regional imbalance serve as a basis and starting point for the formation of smart specialization processes in the regions. The main postulates of the development of smart specialization in terms of economic schools, which emphasize the importance of technological progress for the growth of the economy and the country's competitiveness, are systematized. The main stages of the development and dissemination of smart specialization in the market space are highlighted. It has been established that smart specialization is an innovative tool of the EU, which contributes to the progressive development of the regional economy due to strategic approaches to the regional environment. The European Commission considers the renewal of European industry and the economy in general through the development of smart specialization strategies. The main criteria of modern regional innovation strategies in terms of the formation of smart specialization have been identified. Possibilities of smart specialization in the development of the country's regions have been proven.

Thus, smart specialization contributes to the transformation of regions into world-class European regional clusters through strategic growth priorities, which is reflected in relevant theories and concepts of regional development. In view of wide prospects offered by smart specialization, as well as taking into account the need to deepen cooperation between our country and EU countries within the framework of the European Good Neighbor Policy, it is necessary to disseminate the innovative culture of regional development and cooperation in Ukraine. The experience accumulated by European countries, which have a successful experience of implementing smart specialization in the regional economy, should be adapted and implemented in the regions of Ukraine to ensure sustainable development and improve the welfare of the country. It is possible to achieve the desired level of the development of the country under the condition of forming a favorable innovation climate within each region and introducing a system of mutually beneficial cooperation of all participants within the framework of smart specialization.
REGULATION OF IT SPHERE DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE AS A MEGATREND OF INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AND BUSINESS PROCESSES
Authors: Kudrina Olha
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to reveal the role and importance of the development of IT sphere in the network society in Ukraine, to determine the determinants of this process through the prism of the integration of digital technologies and business processes. The conducted research has made it possible to emphasize the need to realize that the development of IT sphere and digital transformation are not an alternative, but a condition for the survival and development of the company. In this transformation, it is important to integrate digital technologies and business processes, rather than solving individual business problems with digital technologies. Thus, the evolution of the digital society has a significant impact on the development potential and creates opportunities for increasing organizational maturity.

Despite the fact that digitalization is widely used in the development stage of business projects in almost all areas, there are several barriers at conceptual and technological stages that prevent the determination of the most effective ways of implementing the digital transformation process. Therefore, we can conclude that despite the existence of research on the role of IT sphere in various fields of public life in Ukraine, there is a need to separately investigate its use in the chosen field of activity, which will allow to create conditions for increasing the level of IT sphere development in Ukraine against the background of daily challenges of the war in Ukraine and crisis state of the economy. The use of digital technologies has led to the emergence and proliferation of social media platforms, data analytics, cloud computing, and intelligent manufacturing systems. The development of IT sphere against the background of the era of the network economy means that the process of education, human development and e-skills, that is, a set of digital competencies acquired through the application of the latest advances in information technology, will become an investment that can strengthen the strategic potential and become a determinant of improving business efficiency.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI MODEL FLIPPED CLASSROOM DENGAN MEDIA INTERAKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEMA 9 KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Trisnawati Silvia , Nugroho Aryo Andri , Sugiyono Tri
Published: July 2023

Abstract : This Classroom Action Research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of fifth grade students at SDN Pandeanlamper 02 on theme 8. The low class activities and the lack use of learning media chaused the decline of studenst’s motivation and enthusiasm during the learning process. The percentage of learning outcomes that have completed the KKM was 47% with average score of 66,65. This research aimed to improve student learning outcomes in learning theme 9 through the flipped classroom model with interactive media.The Classroom Action Research was carried out in three cycles. The subjects of this research were the fifth-grade students of SDN Pandeanlamper 02, totaling 34 students. The data in this research were obtained through observation, tests, and documentation. The results after doing research using the flipped classroom model with interactive media in the first cycle 47% completed the KKM with an average of 71,66, the second cycle increased 28% to 75% completing the KKM with an average of 77,08, and the third cycle increased 16% to 91% completing the KKM with an average of 84,89. So it can be concluded that the flipped classroom learning model with interactive media can increase student activity and learning outcomes in learning theme 9 for fifth grade in the second semester of SDN Pandeanlamper 02 Semarang. Keyword : learning outcomes, flipped classroom, interactive media Abstrak : Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik kelas V SDN Pandeanlamper 02 pada pembelajaran tema 8. Keaktifan peserta didik rendah. Kurangnya pemanfaatan media pembelajaran sehingga minat dan antusias peserta didik saat proses pembelajaran kurang.  Prosentase hasil belajar yang tuntas KKM yaitu sebesar 47% dengan nilai rata-rata 66,65. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran tema 9 melalui model flipped classroom dengan media interaktif. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini, dilaksanakan selama tiga siklus. Subyek penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik kelas V SD Negeri Pandeanlamper 02 dengan jumlah 34 orang. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui observasi, tes, dan dokumentasi.  Hasil penelitian setelah dilakukan tindakan menggunakan model flipped classroom dengan media interaktif, hasil belajar peserta didik siklus I sebesar 47% tuntas KKM dengan rata-rata 71,66. Siklus II meningkat sebanyak 28% menjadi 75% tuntas KKM dengan rata-rata 77,08 dan siklus III meningkat 16% menjadi 91% tuntas KKM dengan rata-rata 84,89. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran flipped classroom dengan media interaktif dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran tema 9 kelas V semester II SDN Pandeanlamper 02 semarang. Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar, Flipped classroom, Media Interaktif
PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN MEMPERHATIKAN ASPEK KEJIWAAN
Authors: Yahdi Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Learning process both inside and outside the classroom, the teachers' concern is the students. The benefit of learning is not for the teacher but for the students. Every student is unique or special. The uniqueness and habits are usually shaped by the culture and interaction of students with their living environment. Learning process should always care the students' psychological aspects whether their talents, interests or knowledge developments. Teachers are required to do various learning strategy because the students taught have different aspects of psychology. There are several students easily understand the teachers' explanations, and some of them are slow to get it who need more guidance to know perfectly.
Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Berdasarkan SAK EMKM Pada UMKM Rumah Makan Aruza Pontianak
Authors: Sabirin Sabirin , Fitri Nurul
Published: July 2023

This study aims to: 1) implement the preparation of financial statements in accordance with SAK EMKM on MSMEs of Aruza Restaurant. 2) find out what obstacles are faced by MSME actors in implementing SAK EMKM. 3) find out the right solution in overcoming the obstacles faced by MSME actors. The research method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The data used in this study are primary data obtained by direct observation and interviews with MSME actors. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from MSME financial reports, research journals, and articles that were used as a guide to understand the research data. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the Aruza Restaurant MSMEs in preparing their financial statements have not implemented SAK EMKM. The obstacles faced by MSMEs at Aruza Restaurant in preparing financial reports based on SAK EMKM are the lack of knowledge about the preparation of financial statements, the lack of outreach of socialization on how to prepare financial reports in accordance with SAK EMKM. The solution to overcome the obstacles faced by MSMEs at Aruza Restaurant is that MSME actors are expected to collaborate with the MSME community so that they know how to prepare financial reports in accordance with SAK EMKM.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) menerapkan penyusunan laporan keuangan yang sesuai dengan SAK EMKM pada UMKM Rumah Makan Aruza. 2) mengetahui kendala apa saja yang dihadapi pelaku UMKM dalam menerapkan SAK EMKM. 3) mengetahui solusi yang tepat dalam mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi pelaku UMKM. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data primer yang diperoleh dengan cara observasi dan wawancara langsung kepada pelaku UMKM. Sedangkan untuk data sekunder diperoleh dari laporan keuangan UMKM, jurnal penelitian, dan artikel yang digunakan sebagai panduan untuk memahami data penelitian. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa UMKM Rumah Makan Aruza dalam penyusunan laporan keuangannya belum menerapkan SAK EMKM. Kendala yang dihadapi UMKM Rumah Makan Aruza dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan berdasarkan SAK EMKM ialah kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai penyusunan laporan keuangan, kurangnya jangkauan sosialisasi mengenai bagaimana penyusunan laporan keuangan yang sesuai dengan SAK EMKM. Solusi untuk mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi UMKM Rumah Makan Aruza diantaranya diharapkan pelaku UMKM dapat berkolaborasi dengan komunitas UMKM supaya mengetahui bagaimana penyusunan laporan keuangan yang sesuai dengan SAK EMKM.
Management Strategy for Seaports Aspiring to Green Logistical Goals of IMO: Technology and Policy Solutions
Authors: Le Thanh Tuan , Nguyen Hoang Phuong , Rudzki Krzysztof , Rowiński Lech , Bui Viet Duc , Truong Thanh Hai , Le Huu Cuong , Pham Nguyen Dang Khoa
Published: July 2023

Recently, because of serious global challenges including the consumption of energy and climate change, there has been an increase in interest in the environmental effect of port operations and expansion. More interestingly, a strategic tendency in seaport advancement has been to manage the seaport system using a model which balances environmental volatility and economic development demands. An energy efficient management system is regarded as being vital for meeting the strict rules aimed at reducing the environmental pollution caused by port facility activities. Moreover, the enhanced supervision of port system operating methods and technical resolutions for energy utilisation also raise significant issues. In addition, low-carbon ports, as well as green port models, are becoming increasingly popular in seafaring nations. This study comprises a comprehensive assessment of operational methods, cutting-edge technologies for sustainable generation, storage, and transformation of energy, as well as systems of smart grid management, to develop a green seaport system, obtaining optimum operational efficiency and environmental protection. It is thought that using a holistic method and adaptive management, based on a framework of sustainable and green energy, could stimulate creative thinking, consensus building, and cooperation, as well as streamline the regulatory demands associated with port energy management. Although several aspects of sustainability and green energy could increase initial expenditure, they might result in significant life cycle savings due to decreased consumption of energy and output of emissions, as well as reduced operational and maintenance expenses.
The Backwash Effect of the National Exam on Upper Secondary Moroccan Teaching
Authors: Belkbir Riham
Published: July 2023

This study aims to investigate the issue of assessment in the Moroccan educational system. Precisely, it aims at exploring the washback of the Secondary national English examination on English teaching and learning practices in the context of upper secondary education in Morocco. To attain the objective of the study, questionnaires are distributed to 70 teachers, and a focus group protocol with 20 students was conducted in three high schools. The findings reveal that the examination has a strong negative influence on the students and the teachers. The main harmful washback effect of this exam is found to be the neglect of teaching the skills of listening and speaking as they are not assessed. Moreover, the results of the study show that the contents of teaching are highly influenced by the exam. Even though the syllabus was changed from grammar-based to communicative-based, English Examinations are still grammar-ruled and reading-based. Similarly, students are also affected by the washback effect of the national exam because it brings anxiety that can distort their progress and performance, and students might not be able to learn real-life knowledge but instead learn discrete points of knowledge that are assessed. On the basis of these results, a new English exam is suggested, hoping to prompt positive washback and refine the English-speaking performance of Moroccan highschoolers.
Eyes are a gateway to the kidney – A rare case of cystinosis
Authors: Subramanya Abhishek M. , Fahad Mohammed , Siddini Vishwanath , Babu Kishore , Ballal Sudarshan
Published: July 2023

A 6-year-old girl born through third-order consanguinity (the other two siblings girls and parents have no kidney disease). She presented with failure to thrive, polyuria, polydipsia, photophobia, poor social interaction, poor eating, and a craving for salt. On examination, growth retardation and severe malnutrition were discovered. Height for age below the third percentile, weight for age below the third percentile, severe pallor, and rickets features were also present. Anaemia, non-oliguric renal dysfunction, normal anion gap metabolic acidosis, urine anion gap positive, rickets on wrist X-ray, hypophosphatemia, hypocalcaemia, hyponatraemia, and hypokalaemia were reported. On ophthalmology examination, cystine crystals deposits in the stroma of the cornea were noted. Fundus examination showed crystalline retinal deposits. On Genetic workup, homozygous 4 base pair deletion in exon 3 of the CTNS gene (chr17: g.3640224_3640227del; Depth: 78×) that results in a frameshift and premature truncation of the protein 7 amino acids downstream to codon 7 (p.Thr7phefster7; ENST00000381870.8) was detected. Cystinosis can be diagnosed using specific symptoms, a complete clinical evaluation, a full patient history, and a range of specialist tests. To get the most out of the preventive and therapeutic effects of cystine depleting drugs, cystinosis must be diagnosed as early as possible.
Comparison of Colistin Susceptibility Tests
Authors: Çiftçi Nurullah , Arslan Prof. Dr. Uğur , Türk Dağı Hatice
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Polymyxins are important antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. The susceptibility testing for polymyxins is a challenge for clinical laboratories due to the difficulty of performance, reproducibility, and accuracy of available methods. Aim: To compare the performance of the colistin susceptibility test of an automated system and a gradient test with the gold standard broth microdilution method (BMD). Materials and Methods: Multidrug-resistant isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii (n=102), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=40), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(n=11) were included. The VITEK 2 systems and gradient test were studied according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Broth microdilution tests were performed according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Commercial susceptibility testing methods were compared to BMD. Results: Rates of essential agreement of colistin test results between BMD, VITEK 2, and gradient test were 96.1% and 79.7%, respectively. The VITEK 2 and gradient test showed 95.4% and 94.8% of categorial agreement. The very major error rate of VITEK 2 was 3.2%, and the gradient test was 5.2%. The major error rate of VITEK 2 was 1.3%, and there was no major error for the gradient test. Conclusion and Suggestions: The very major error rate was higher in the gradient test (5.2%) than VITEK 2 (3.2%). Even if the very major error rate of VITEK 2 was lower, both resistance and susceptility results of VITEK 2 should be confirmed with the BMD test. Further studies for susceptibility testing are needed with a focus on the correlation of MIC’s results of different tests.
Asociación entre el control de la hipertensión arterial en la población y la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica y accidente cerebrovascular en 36 países y territorios de la Región de las Américas, 1990-2019: un estudio ecológico
Authors: Martínez Ramón , Soliz Patricia , Campbell Norm R. C. , Lackland Daniel T. , Whelton Paul K. , Ordúñez Pedro
Published: July 2023

Objetivo.

Cuantificar la asociación entre la prevalencia de control de la hipertensión arterial a nivel poblacional y la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica y accidente cerebrovascular en 36 países y territorios de la Región de las Américas entre 1990 y el 2019.

Métodos.

Este estudio ecológico emplea la prevalencia de la hipertensión, la concientización, el tratamiento y el control de la hipertensión arterial en la población producidos por la Colaboración sobre Factores de Riesgo de las Enfermedades No Transmisibles (NCD-RisC, por su sigla en inglés) y estimaciones de mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica y accidente cerebrovascular del estudio sobre la carga mundial de enfermedad del 2019. Se realizó un análisis de regresión para evaluar las tendencias temporales y la asociación entre el control de la hipertensión arterial en la población y la mortalidad.

Resultados.

Entre 1990 y el 2019, las tasas de mortalidad estandarizadas por edad a causa de cardiopatía isquémica y accidente cerebrovascular disminuyeron en 2,2% (intervalos de confianza de 95%: –2,4 a –2,1) y 1,8% (–1,9 a –1,6) anual, respectivamente. La tasa de reducción anual de la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica y accidente cerebrovascular se redujo a –1% (–1,2 a –0,8) entre el 2000 y el 2019. Del 1990 al 2019, la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial controlada definida como presión arterial sistólica/diastólica ≤140/90 mmHg aumentó anualmente en 3,2% (3,1 a 3,2). Se observó una relación inversa entre el control poblacional de la hipertensión y la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica y por accidente cerebrovascular, respectivamente, en toda la Región y en los 36 países, a excepción de tres. En toda la Región, por cada aumento de 1% en el control de la hipertensión arterial en la población, nuestros datos predijeron una reducción de 2,9% (–2,94 a –2,85) en las muertes por cardiopatía isquémica por 100 000 habitantes, equivalente a 25 639 muertes evitables (2,5 muertes por 100 000habitantes) y de 2,37% (–2,41 a –2,33) en las muertes por accidente cerebrovascular por 100000 habitantes, equivalente a 9 650 muertes evitables (una muerte por 100000habitantes).

Conclusiones.

Existe una sólida asociación ecológica negativa entre la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica y accidente cerebrovascular y el control de la hipertensión arterial en la población. Los países con mejor resultado en el control de la hipertensión mostraron un mayor progreso en la reducción de la mortalidad por enfermedad cardiovascular. Los modelos de predicción tienen implicaciones en el manejo de la hipertensión en la mayoría de los grupos poblacionales de la Región de las Américas y otras partes del mundo.
Nilai-Nilai Budaya dalam Tradisi Gotong Royong Masyarakat Suku Dayak di Rumah Betang Ensaid Panjang
Authors: Firmansyah Haris
Published: July 2023

The Dayak tribe maintains the tradition of mutual cooperation by living in Betang houses. This Betang house provides an overview of the life of the Dayak Desa community, who live peacefully with existing cultural values, especially regarding the mutual cooperation tradition found in the Ensaid Panjang Betang house. This study aims to describe and find out what cultural values are contained in the mutual cooperation tradition of the Dayak people at Rumah Betang Ensaid Panjang. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research, where researchers obtain results with findings in sentences and words obtained by observation and interviews. The results of this research are that Ensaid Panjang's Betang House is a traditional Dayak house in Sintang, West Kalimantan. House The physical form of this house is a platform, and there are high stairs to climb this betang house. At present, there is only one more traditional Ensaid house left, and it is occupied by some of the people of Ensaid Panjang village. The mutual cooperation values in Betang Ensaid Panjang's house must be put to good use in the lives of the people of West Kalimantan, especially to mobilize community solidarity.
Biogenic Amines in Gliomas: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Abuaisheh Ahmad , Aboud Orwa
Published: July 2023

Gliomas are primary brain tumors that are believed to originate from neuroglial cells or progenitor cells and are the most common neoplasms affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Gliomas can be categorized into two main groups based on the WHO classification system: low-grade gliomas and high-grade gliomas. Unfortunately, high-grade gliomas have a poor prognosis despite significant research efforts dedicated to discovering more effective treatments. Biogenic amines are organic compounds found in food, plants, and animals. They are produced through the chemical decarboxylation of amino acids. Interestingly, some biogenic amines are known for their toxic and carcinogenic properties. However, the full role of biogenic amines in gliomas has not been fully explored. In this review, we aim to investigate the known roles of biogenic amines in glioma development, diagnostics, and potential future treatment applications.
Photodynamic Therapy of Breast Cancer in Animal Models and Their Potential Use in Clinical Trials—Role of the Photosensitizers: A Review
Authors: Czarnecka-Czapczyńska Magdalena , Aebisher David , Dynarowicz Klaudia , Krupka-Olek Magdalena , Cieślar Grzegorz , Kawczyk-Krupka Aleksandra
Published: July 2023

In this article, we reviewed the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for breast cancer (BC) in animal models. These in vivo models imitate the cancer disease progression, aid diagnosis, as well as create opportunities to assess treatment during the approval process for the new drug. BC ranks first among women’s cancers. Nowadays, there are many diagnostic methods and therapy options for BC but the majority of them have severe side effects. This article discusses the advantages and some disadvantages of the use of small and large animals used for BC models. A literature review showed that the majority of studies have used large animal models, and recently there has been more interest in developing BC in small animal models. BC cell lines such as MCF-7, BT-474, MDA-MB-231, and 4T1 are commercially available for two-dimensional and three-dimensional in vitro cell cultures and subcutaneous models. The purpose of this article is to discuss the performance of PDT in animal models and its further clinical implications. PDT is known to be a non-invasive therapy, which uses monochromatic light and energy to excite photosensitizers (PSs) for the generation of reactive oxygen species as the required factors. Herein, we discuss the use of five photosensitizers in BC models such as chlorin e6 (Ce6), methylene blue, indocyanine green, 5-aminolevulinic acid, and meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin. The database PubMed and Scopus were searched for keywords: ‘photodynamic therapy’, ‘breast cancer’, ‘animal model’, ‘clinical studies’, and ‘photosensitizer(s)’. The PDT search results in animal experiments and its effect on a living organism indicate the possibility of its application in clinical trials on women with local and disseminated BC. The availability and accessibility of small and large BC animal models enable the progress and trial of cancer drugs for innovative technologies and new diagnostics and treatments.
The Concept of "Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction": Time for a Critical Reappraisal
Authors: Fragasso Gabriele
Published: July 2023

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is frequently observed in elderly physically deconditioned subjects, mainly women with hypertension, obesity, glucose intolerance/diabetes, atrial fibrillation, anaemia, coronary artery disease, chronic pulmonary disease, and chronic renal insufficiency. In practice, these conditions represent the majority of cardiac diseases we deal with in our daily clinical practice. For this reason, the HFpEF disease does not exist as a single entity and, as such, no specific unifying therapy could be found. New classification attempts still do not consider the multifaceted aspect of the HF syndrome and appear rather as an artefactual attempt to categorize a condition which is indeed not categorizable. The aim of the present article is to critically review the construction of the concept of the HFpEF syndrome and propose the return of a pathophysiological approach in the evaluation and treatment of patients. Considering the huge economic efforts employed up to date to run awfully expensive trials and research in this field, it is time to call action and redirect such resources towards more specific pathophysiological classifications and potential specific therapeutic targets.