Chinese nursing home design studies based on changes in design formal language
Authors: Liu Jiaxin , Tang Changming 
Published: June 2024

1 BackgroundBased on the current structural shortage of labor force and serious shortage of caregivers in China's elderly and medical services [1], the future demand for elderly care services for the elderly population is also increasingly strong [2]. At present, the proportion of Chinese elderly people living in elderly care institutions is 0.73%, which reflects that there are still some obstacles to the general acceptance of elderly care institutions by Chinese elderly people. Combined with the theory of environmental psychology, it can be seen that the environment can have an impact on behavior, psychology and other aspects, so the scientific shaping of space is inextricably linked to the enhancement of the user's spatial acceptance. Based on this, this study discusses the development history, development status and future development trend of nursing home design in China, and explores the innovative development path of nursing home design in the future. It aims to improve the acceptance and willingness to use nursing homes by the elderly and their families through optimization at the design level, so as to alleviate the current aging problem in China and the world.2 MethodDesign form language, is a kind of abstract language that can cover the design concept, design strategy, is a logical combination of structure, color, material and other figurative language in design. The change of design form language is often closely related to the change of user needs, the development of the industry now, etc. Citespace can present the structure of knowledge, the situation of information in the form of graphical distribution [3], and combined with the resulting graphs to analyze the disciplinary structure of the field of study related to the discipline structure, the hot frontier and other laws [4]. In view of the fact that the keyword maps that can be directly generated by importing literature data in Citespace cannot accurately represent the design form language explored in this study, this study organizes the design form language of each piece of literature in the valid title data for the titles, keywords, and abstracts of the 253 pieces of literature in the CNKI database, respectively.3 ResultThis study combines the data processing results of the design form language to produce three results related to the development of nursing home design in China. First, the development history of nursing home design in China is divided into three stages: the "starting period", the "high speed development period" and the "innovation enlightenment period", and there is still much room for development. Secondly, from the current development status of Chinese nursing home design, the concentration of current research is high, which also proves that the innovation of Chinese nursing home design is low at this stage. In addition, the research hotspots are mainly "people-oriented" and "integration of medical and nursing care", which reflects the current Chinese nursing home design's emphasis on the physiological and psychological needs of the elderly, and conforms to the current Chinese government's guidelines for nursing homes. Thirdly, "multi-dimensional consideration of user needs", "optimization of nursing home living mode through spatial design", and "exploration of cutting-edge fields" are proposed, The four suggestions on the direction of future development of nursing home design in China are "multi-dimensional consideration of users' needs", "optimization of living mode through spatial design", "exploration of frontier fields", and "in-depth combination of theory and practice".4 ConclusionThis study applies Citespace to analyze the literature about design form language visualization mapping in the field of Chinese nursing home design in the past 15 years, and according to the changing law of design form language, we have launched a study on the development history, development status, and future development trend of China's nursing home design, and obtained four directions of the future of China's nursing home design that are worth developing and studying in depth, which provides a directional guideline for the research of China's nursing home design.References[1] Zuo Meiyun. Meaning and mode of smart aging[J]. China Social Work,2018(32):26-27.[2]Wang Min. Research on nursing home design based on geriatric psychology[D]. Southwest Jiaotong University,2016.[3]Chen Yue,Chen Chaomei,Liu Zeyuan et al. Methodological functions of CiteSpace knowledge graph[J]. Science Research,2015,33(02):242-253.DOI:10.16192/j.cnki.1003-2053.2015.02.009.[4] Du Shuxing,Peng Liping,Lian Lilin. Current status of foreign industrial design research based on CiteSpace econometric analysis[J]. Journal of Graphics,2017,38(06):876-880.