bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power up Learning With Mobile Games
Authors: Villanueva Kristin , Vaidya Jeanny
Published: July 2019

The evolution of mobile games and the subsequent evolution of designing mobile gaming experiences to support learning is captured in this chapter. The authors will address the affordances and limitations of mobile gaming as well as the learning theories and frameworks that lay the foundation for learning through mobile games. Current perceptions of mobile gaming in the classroom and the implementation of mobile games in schools are discussed. In addition, this chapter explores mobile games for social change, their prevalence, and their role in facilitating learning. The chapter also discusses differing perceptions on the issue of mobile games in and out of the classroom as well as the potential for marketability.
M-Learning Apps for Film Studies
Authors: Vaidya Jeanny
Published: July 2019

While there are many educational apps for traditionally taught subjects such as mathematics and science, more specialized curriculum has largely been left unexplored in terms of m-learning. Film studies, an academic discipline that deals with the theoretical, historical, and critical underpinnings of film, is one such subject that has very few mobile applications. This chapter explores creating a mobile application to teach basic approaches to film interpretation and in addition, considers a heutagogical approach in design. Benefits of m-learning include increased delivery options for multimedia, context-based learning support, and the prospects of a more fulfilling learning experience. This chapter provides direction for implementation and evaluation techniques for an introductory film studies module on film noir, which can be integrated into a mobile format to make film theory more relevant and accessible.
Substantiation of Vulnerabilities in Various Secure Routing Protocols of MANET
Authors: Zafar Sherin , Khan Samia , Iftekhar Nida , Biswas Siddhartha Sankar
Published: July 2019

This chapter overviews and characterizes the protected steering convention in MANET, and furthermore, it discusses the proposed technique for alleviating those assaults. In the directing convention of the MANET while sending information bundles to different hubs, some middle hubs remove helpful data parcels and can't advance the parcel to the following hub. Some hubs may change the substance of bundles amid the information transmission session. In this way, secured transmission of information and different security administrations are the first necessity of MANET like some other foundation remote system. Ad-hoc arranges face different assaults like detached listening (passive eavesdropping) and dynamic obstruction, limiting source hub from finding the goal and system parcel. Ensuring the network layer usefulness is the most significant objective of system layer security plan for MANET, which prompts verified conveyance of bundles between the versatile hubs through multi-bounce sending.
Communiqué Issues in MANET and VANET Protocols With Network Security Disquiet
Authors: Rath Mamata , Pati Bibudhendu , Swain Jhum
Published: July 2019

With faster expansion of mobile networks and quicker increment of web clients, more individuals approach worldwide data and communication innovation, because of which the issues of utilizing web as a worldwide stage and empowering the savvy protests and machines to coordinate, discuss, register, and ascertain slowly develops. In mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET), the mobile stations and vehicles are self-reconfigurable as per the difference in network topology. Joint action between convenient centers is more basic because of the way that they confront significant difficulties, for example, frailty to work securely while protecting its advantages and performing secure guiding among center points. In the presence of vindictive hubs, one of the rule challenges in MANET is to plot ground-breaking security course of action that can shield MANET from different routing assaults.
Optimized Data Mining Techniques for Outlier Detection, Removal, and Management Zone Delineation for Yield Prediction
Authors: Roopa G. M.  , Arun Kumar G. H.  , Naveen Kumar K. R.  , Nirmala C. R.
Published: July 2019

Enormous agricultural data collected using sensors for crop management decisions on spatial data with soil parameters like N, P, K, pH, and EC enhances crop growth for soil type. Spatial data play vital role in DSS, but inconsistent values leads to improper inferences. From EDA, few observations involve outliers that deviates crop management assessments. In spatial data context, outliers are the observations whose non-spatial attributes are distinct from other observations. Thus, treating an entire field as uniform area is trivial which influence the farmers to use expensive fertilizers. Iterative-R algorithm is applied for outlier detection to reduce the masking/swamping effects. Outlier-free data defines interpretable field patterns to satisfy statistical assumptions. For heterogeneous farms, the aim is to identify sub-fields and percentage of fertilizers. MZD achieved by interpolation technique predicts the unobserved values by comparing with its known neighbor-points. MZD suggests the farmers with better knowledge of soil fertility, field variability, and fertilizer applying rates.
Genetically-Modified K-Medoid Clustering Algorithm for Heterogeneous Data Set
Authors: Jaganathan Dhayanithi , Jeyapal Akilandeswari
Published: July 2019

In recent days, researchers are doing research studies for clustering of data which are heterogeneous in nature. The data generated in many real-world applications like data form IoT environments and big data domains are heterogeneous in nature. Most of the available clustering algorithms deal with data in homogeneous nature, and there are few algorithms discussed in the literature to deal the data with numeric and categorical nature. Applying the clustering algorithm used by homogenous data to the heterogeneous data leads to information loss. This chapter proposes a new genetically-modified k-medoid clustering algorithm (GMODKMD) which takes fused distance matrix as input that adopts from applying individual distance measures for each attribute based on its characteristics. The GMODKMD is a modified algorithm where Davies Boudlin index is applied in the iteration phase. The proposed algorithm is compared with existing techniques based on accuracy. The experimental result shows that the modified algorithm with fused distance matrix outperforms the existing clustering technique.
Machine Learning and Its Use in E-Commerce and E-Business
Authors: Rath Mamata
Published: July 2019

Electronic commerce associated with highly powerful web technology and mobile communication is currently dominating the business world. Current advancements in machine learning (ML) have also further coordinated to creative business applications and e-commerce administrations to reason about complex system and better solutions. In the course of recent years, the business security and machine-learning networks have created novel strategies for secured business frameworks based on computationally learned models. With the improvement of the internet and digital marketing, every financial platform has been more secured and user friendly for monetary transactions.
Optimization of Evolutionary Algorithm Using Machine Learning Techniques for Pattern Mining in Transactional Database
Authors: Logeswaran K.  , Suresh P.  , Savitha S.  , Prasanna Kumar K. R.
Published: July 2019

In recent years, the data analysts are facing many challenges in high utility itemset (HUI) mining from given transactional database using existing traditional techniques. The challenges in utility mining algorithms are exponentially growing search space and the minimum utility threshold appropriate to the given database. To overcome these challenges, evolutionary algorithm-based techniques can be used to mine the HUI from transactional database. However, testing each of the supporting functions in the optimization problem is very inefficient and it increases the time complexity of the algorithm. To overcome this drawback, reinforcement learning-based approach is proposed for improving the efficiency of the algorithm, and the most appropriate fitness function for evaluation can be selected automatically during execution of an algorithm. Furthermore, during the optimization process when distinct functions are skillful, dynamic selection of current optimal function is done.
Introducing the Deep Learning for Digital Age
Authors: Shaila S. G.  , Rajkumari Sunanda , Ayyasamy Vadivel
Published: July 2019

Deep learning is playing vital role with greater success in various applications, such as digital image processing, human-computer interaction, computer vision and natural language processing, robotics, biological applications, etc. Unlike traditional machine learning approaches, deep learning has effective ability of learning and makes better use of data set for feature extraction. Because of its repetitive learning ability, deep learning has become more popular in the present-day research works.
Situational Analysis of Muslim Children in the Face of Islamophobia
Authors: Farooqui Jannat Fatima , Kaushik Archana
Published: July 2019

Islamophobia is a reality today that finds its manifestations at different levels of society and has been researched through diverse gendered, ethnic, and regional perspectives. The sensitivity of the topic has resulted in limited work around exploring consequences of Islamophobia on Muslim children. As religiously charged crimes against Muslims in the West continue to grow, Islamophobia has crept into the schools, classrooms, and playgrounds of many countries and needs to be recognized and effectively mitigated. Based in a child rights-based context, this chapter is a review of empirical literature that attempts to characterize and theorize Islamophobia to understand why and how it affects the lives of Muslim children. It accounts for varied Islamophobic experiences that children encounter in regions of North America and Europe. It is inferred that educational institution cannot be isolated from global incidents of Islamophobia and become sites for further propagating racist sentiments. The chapter ends with school social work model directed towards prevention and reduction of Islamophobia.
The Informational Value of the Profit and Loss Account in Line With International Accounting Standards
Authors: Calotă Traian Ovidiu , Robu Sorin-Adrian , Oncioiu Ionica , Burlacu Georgiana
Published: July 2019

In the context of the monitoring of businesses through accounting, the profit and loss account is the component that reflects the performance of the enterprise, that is, the extent to which it has achieved its objectives in terms of profit. In the income statement, there are flows that determine the result, understood in principle as a variation in equity during a financial period. Defining the performance of an enterprise is different, depending on the interest of the users, on the principles, conventions, and accounting rules used to determine the outcome. This is what specialists in the field call accounting policies. This chapter examines the profit and loss statement in the context of scarce and expensive resources, which must be used efficiently. The results show that it is necessary for companies to determine efficiency indicators by comparing the effects obtained with the efforts and the resources consumed by the company and operated by the management.
Financial Audit in Romanian Enterprises
Authors: Marin-Pantelescu Andreea
Published: July 2019

The chapter proposes an interdisciplinary perspective and explores from the theoretical and practical point of view approaches of management accounting and their impact on different companies in Romania. Also, the chapter examines the role of management accounting related to accounting and auditing and offers a number of new insights into management accounting. Romanian companies in the accounting, auditing, and tax consultancy fields use computer-assisted auditing techniques (CAAT) to find better solutions for generating profits, avoiding risks and improving the companies' business strategies. The chapter will help the academia, business environment, specialty organizations, and business analysts in identifying new trends in management accounting, building on existing research and new expert assertions.
Important Managerial Controversies in Conversion of Financial Statements
Authors: Tănase Alin Eliodor , Stoica Dumitru Alexandru , Trăistaru Nicoleta Ileana , Sürgün Monika Brigitte
Published: July 2019

Functional currency has been defined as the currency of an entity's main economic environment. A group does not have a functional currency, but the functional currency is set at the level of each group entity. Determining each functional currency at each component of a group is made by looking at several factors. In this chapter, the conversion occurs when the currency in which the financial statements are prepared is different from the presentation, and the important managerial controversies are presented in the conversion of the financial statements. The results show that the conversion of financial statements applies only if the entity whose financial statements are converted has a functional currency that is not a hyperinflationary economy.
Implementation of Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing System in the Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Özcan Ahmet
Published: July 2019

In the current business environment, the costing system used within the firms has prominent impact on strategic decisions. High-quality cost data significantly increases the quality of firms' strategic decisions. The activity-based costing system has failed to satisfy the needs of firms operating in the competitive economic environment. The time-driven activity-based costing system is the developed version of activity-based costing system. Time-driven activity-based costing system is one of the most sophisticated costing systems that enable firms to accurately calculate the cost of goods and services. Time-equations are used in time-driven activity-based costing system to estimate the time consumed by each activity. This chapter aims to discuss main dynamics of time-driven activity-based costing system and provides an illustration of this costing system in the manufacturing industry. The case study demonstrates that time-driven activity-based costing system is useful in calculating idle capacity cost.
Leveraging Existing Knowledge to Match Industry Expectations
Authors: Lavy Ilana
Published: July 2019

During the last four years, information systems graduates participated in a practicum project during their last study year and took part in various professional activities in the industry in accordance with their professional aspirations and their desired specialty. The main purpose of this project was to reduce the gap between the graduates' acquired academic knowledge and the industry expectations. The aim of this chapter was to reveal the graduates' perceived contributions of the project. For that matter, semi-structured questionnaires and interviews with graduates who participated in the project in the last four years were conducted. The graduates experienced real workplace environments, acquired extended knowledge and skills, built social infrastructure to assist them with future job seeking, and above all gained real-world experience that helps them to build their professional image, and gain confidence in their traits and abilities. In addition, the practicum-based approach was compared with other common approaches used to bridge the gap, and its relative advantages and disadvantages were discussed.
Virtual Office Hours
Authors: Gibbons-Kunka Beatrice
Published: July 2019

The notion of synchronous office hours in an asynchronous course seems counterintuitive. After all, one of the tenets of asynchronous education is to not require students to be online and participating at any time during the course. Having taught higher education online asynchronous courses for 20 years, the researcher experimented with online synchronous office hours as a means of making a connection with her online doctoral students. This chapter outlines the challenges, benefits, and best practices of incorporating a synchronous element into an otherwise purely asynchronous environment. Additionally, it offers strategies to enhance communication between students and the professor, as well as developing a community of learners in the asynchronous classroom.
Social Media as a Tool in Higher Education
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Nanda Pooja
Published: July 2019

Development of information technology has very much affected the way teachers teach and students learn. Digital devices have become a routine not only for playing games and communicating with classmates but also for the education and knowledge. This has provided opportunities for enriching the learning environment. The classroom today is a very challenging environment. The reason may be the changing focus of the environment which has shifted from the teachers to the learners. Many educators attempt to adopt new instructional approaches to encourage and motivate students to learn; social media can be one of the best approaches. The objective of this chapter is to understand the importance of social media as new teaching pedagogy in higher education institutes. A framework has been proposed to assimilate specific social media channels in teaching pedagogy in higher education. The framework will be useful in identifying how social media platforms can be integrated into teaching pedagogy for higher educational institutes so that the students may be benefited the most.
Teaching Practicum Assessment Application
Authors: Davids M. Noor
Published: July 2019

This chapter reports on an ongoing case study that focuses on the development of a computer-mediated communication technological solution intended to assess the teaching practicum (TP). The context of this chapter is the TP module at an open distance e-learning (ODeL) university in South Africa. This university is faced with the demanding task of arranging mandatory supervisory visits for purposes of assessment, for more than 40,000 student teachers located both inside and outside of the country. The TP module forms a major part of a teaching qualification as it provides the pedagogical space for students to apply, integrate, and acquire various forms of knowledge. While the traditional “manual model” is still the dominant mode of assessment, at ODeL institutions, it holds grave limitations, leaving thousands of students unassessed which undermines the value of the qualification. Given that, we currently find ourselves in the midst of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, an information communication technology (ICT)-based response to this predicament arguably offers the most appropriate solution. Such a solution would however require innovative design, critical thinking, research, and funding. This chapter reports on the development of an ICT-based project on the verge of being piloted at the ODeL institution concerned, as well as contact institutions. Informed by a theoretical framework that draws on technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK), critical connectivity, and open source software (OSS), this chapter responds to the questions: “Why” would an ICT-based instrument offer an optimal solution to TP assessment? and “How” would an ICT-based application offer an optimal solution to the assessment of the TP module? After the first pilot cycle with the prototype application, improvements and refinements will be made before a second pilot run. The objective of this project is to produce a TP application to be used in both contact as well as in distant, remote, and real-time/delayed assessment.
Effect of Degassing Time and Cooling Rate on Microstructure and Porosity of Aluminum 6061 Alloy Using Sand Casting Method
Authors: Jatimurti Wikan , Alexander Boby , Toto Wibisono Alvian
Published: July 2019

This research is aimed to get a better understanding on the effort of reducing the porosity level in aluminum alloys. The degassing process (2, 5 and 8 minutes) is done to reduce the hydrogen content in liquid aluminum and cooling rate modifications (13 °C / min, 20 °C / min and 26 °C / min) was performed to reduce the porosity by reducing the size of Dendrite Arm Spacing (DAS). The casting method used in this research is sand casting and raw materials were melted using an electric furnace at 720 °C. The microstructural images showed the DAS size are decreased by size from 137.3 μm to 87.58 μm obtained from cooling rates of 13 °C / min and 26 °C / min respectively. In the other hand, the level of porosity is also decreased from 3.58% at 2 min degassing and the cooling rate of 13 °C / min to 1.8% at 5 min degassing and 26 °C / min cooling rate. Furthermore, the tensile test results show that the value of tensile strength increases when the DAS size and porosity level are smaller. The highest ultimate tensile strength value is 105.9 and the lowest is 70,53 MPa.
Investigation of Carbon Composition for Electrochemical Properties as PEMFC Cathode Catalyst
Authors: Setyowati Vuri Ayu , Susanti Diah , Noerochim Lukman , Widodo Eriek Wahyu Restu , Sulaiman Mohammad Yusuf
Published: July 2019

Nitrogen –doped carbon material using non-precious metal was developed as catalyst fuel cell (PEMFC). In the PEMFC, the cathode reaction occurs three times slower than anode reaction. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the cathode has major limit performance. Pt/C was used as high-cost catalyst materials but many researchers concerned to improve cathode catalyst performance using high-performance and low-cost materials. Nitrogen based active sites on carbon has important role for oxygen reduction reactions process. In this study, compositions of carbon for Fe-N-C were investigated to understand the electrochemical properties and morphological analysis. Urea and PVP as nitrogen (N) source was mixed with graphite (Gt). The ratio of Gt and N were 1:1, 3:1, and 1:3. The mixture was added to FeCl3.6H2O dissolved in ethanol to produce Fe-N/C catalyst. Subsequently powder was introduced to the furnace for the pyrolysis. The catalyst products were analyzed using Potentiostat to show the electrochemical properties of catalyst, X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) was used to know the compound or phases after catalyst syntheses, Scanning Electron Microscope – Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) was used to identify the morphology and the chemical compositions of catalyst. As a result, Fe – Gt : N = 1:3 catalyst had the greatest electrochemical properties which is identified by large area of CV curve. This catalyst also had the highest current density for reduction reaction. The presence of Fe2O3 and FeS caused the degreasing of catalytic activity. As conclusions of this research, carbon composition had the important rule to improve the ORR activity.
The Effect of Mixed Culture of Zymomonas mobilis and Pichia stipitis in Ethanol Production of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata)
Authors: Dewi Anastasia Sandra , Stevanus Richie Andyllo , Sandra Maria Amelia , Nury Dennis Farina , Pudjiastuti Lily , Widjaja Tri
Published: July 2019

In this study the effect of mixed culture of Zymomonasmobilis and Pichia stipitis to produce bioethanol from Solid Waste Arenga pinnata (SWAP) was investigated. The fermentation liquid substrate was resulted from an integrated process of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Combination of diluted acid and ethanol organosolv pretreatment was used to increase the SWAP lignin removal. Raw pretreatment was used to decrease the SWAP particle size to 200 mesh. Acid pretreatment was done using 5% (v/v) diluted sulfate acid. Acid pretreated SWAP was treated for 65 min with organosolv pretreatment. Enzymatic hydrolysis by a combination of cellulase and xylanase was done for 48 h to convert cellulose into reducing sugar. The surfactants (Tween 80) addition was done to increase the sugar yield of the hydrolysis process. Fermentation variable consist of single culture of Z. mobilis as the control and mixed culture of Z. mobilis and P. stipitis, the microorganisms used to convert glucose and xylose into ethanol. The number of inoculum used in this experiment was more than 1.4 billion cells and the duration of fermentation process was 72 h. The delignification process decreased 95.43% lignin in SWAP. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis assay showed an increase of crystallinity index of SWAP with pretreatment combination to 37.87%. Enzymatic hydrolysis by a combination of cellulase and xylanase with the addition of Tween 80 produced 9.16 gr glucose/L reducing sugar concentration. The highest ethanol resulted by fermentation process using mixed culture of Z. mobilis and P. stipitis with 0.33% (v/v) ethanol concentration and 0.57 (g ethanol/g reducing sugar) ethanol yield. Fermentation process using single culture Z. mobilis resulted 0.28% (v/v) ethanol concentration, and 0.48 (g ethanol/g reducing sugar) ethanol yield. The mixed culture fermentation with Z. mobilis and P. stipitis resulted ethanol yield 19 % higher than the single culture fermentation using Z. mobilis.
Nanocarbon from Rice Straw as Supercapacitor Electrode
Authors: Lianto Michael , Kiniasih Sulistiyawati Dewi , Ardiani Irma Septi , Baqiyah Malik Anjelh , Pratiwi Vania Mitha
Published: July 2019

Rice straw waste in Indonesia is abundant and not yet used optimally. The composition of rice straw is 40% cellulose, 30% hemicellulose, 15% silica and 15% lignin so it is potentially to be a raw material of active carbon and supercapasitor electrode. Many efforts has been done to increase the value of capacitance of electrode like increase the surface area with activation and milling process. In this research used the variation of activator substance and the variation of milling velocity, they are H3PO4450 rpm, H3PO4600 rpm, and KOH 450 rpm. The purposes of this research are identify and characterize the rice straw charcoal material as nanocarbon and also knowing the nanocarbon quality of rice straw charcoal material as supercapacitor electrode. The methods are carbonization, activation, and solid state reaction. The result of this research shows the value of capacitance at H3PO4450 rpm, H3PO4600 rpm, and KOH 450 rpm are 28,96 F/g; 30,89 F/g; dan 19,31 F/g. From this research, we can conclude that activator substance and milling velocity affect the value of capacitance that is produced. The result of SEM-EDX test is comparable with the result of cyclic voltammetry test, the higher number of pores the higher value of capacitances produced.
Study of pH Effect on the Anaerobic-Aerobic Fermentation of Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer L.) Sap to Produce Acetic Acid
Authors: Agustiani Elly , Rahmawati Atiqa , Lini Fibrillian Zata , Ramadhani Dimas Luthfi
Published: July 2019

Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer L.) is a palm family that is widely planted in the Tuban area of ​​East Java. Siwalan sap has a relatively high sugar content of about 10-15 g / 100 ml. The sap is obtained by tapping the inflorescences. In general, siwalan sap is used for fresh drinks or alcoholic beverages with maximum storage in 3 days. Based on the sugar content in the sap of siwalan, acetic acid products can be made through fermentation of glucose to ethanol, then the ethanol is fermented into acetic acid. Acetic acid is widely used as a preservative of food and health drinks. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of ethanol fermentation aerobic pH on acetic acid product. Anaerobic fermentation uses saccharomyces cereviceae to produce ethanol, and aerobic fermentation uses acetobacter aceti for acetic acid production. In aerobic ethanol fermentation using pH 3; 3.5; 4 and 5. The concentration of ethanol was analyzed using GC ULTRA Scientific Gas Chromatography, DSQ II detector, and MS 220 column. Acetic acid produced from the aerobic fermentation process was analyzed using an alkalimetric method. Anaerobic fermentation uses Saccharomyces cereviceae with 1-day log phase, while aerobic fermentation uses acetobacter aceti with a 5 day log phase. Aerobic fermentation to produce acetic acid was observed in 5 days to obtained maximum acetic acid concentration, the highest acetic acid concetration is about 2.595 g/l and yield of acetic acid is obtained 0.519% (b/v) at pH 5. Low acetic acid concentration due to low intitial sugar content in siwalan sap.
Synthesis of High-Purity Fe2TiO5 Powders Utilizing a Local Ironstone
Authors: Armayani Armayani , Andi Irhamsyah , Suminar Pratapa
Published: July 2019

The synthesis of Fe2TiO5 powders has been successfully performed by making use of Fe2O3 and TiO2 powders. The Fe2O3 powder was obtained from local ironstone in Tanah Laut, South Kalimantan, while the TiO2 powder was a commercial product. The Fe2O3 powder was obtained from the local ironstone through coprecipitation method on pH 5, followed by calcination at 800 °C for 1 hour. The synthesis of Fe2TiO5 powder was done by mixing the raw powders using Planetary Ball Mill method for 5 hours. Thermogravimetric dan Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) was performed to estimate the calcination temperature. The milled mixtures were then calcined at temperatures of 700 – 1100 °C. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) data showed that Fe2TiO5 formation started at 800 °C with a weight fraction of 3.60 wt%. The XRD data also showed that at 1100 °C the Fe2TiO5 formation has completed. The crystallite size of Fe2TiO5 powders was 50 and 66 nm after calcination at 900 and 1100 °C, respectively.
Rischio clinico in sanità e prevenzione dei rischi del paziente ricoverato in ospedale
Authors: La Regina Guest Editors: M. , Romano E. , Tardivo S. , Trinchero E.
Published: July 2019

L’approccio sistemico alla gestione dei rischi in sanitàE. Trinchero

Rischio clinico e sicurezza del paziente: presente e futuroS. Tardivo, M. Capasso

Rischio clinico: livelli di staffing infermieristico ed esiti correlati alle cure infermieristicheG. Pentella, L. Tesei

Il ruolo delle competenze non tecniche (non technical skill) nella dinamica del rischio clinicoF. Moretti, M. Rimondini

Rischio clinico e carico di lavoro: alcuni spunti di riflessioneP. Gnerre, A. Fontanella, D. Montemurro, C. Palermo

Il punto di vista di un Direttore Generale internistaG. Scannapieco, E. Croci

Il punto di vista di un Direttore Sanitario internistaF. Orlandini

Il punto di vista di un Direttore Sanitario igienistaC. Bovo

Il punto di vista di un Direttore di Medicina InternaS. De Carli

La metà oscura del rischio clinico: i sinistri in medicina internaF. Corradi

La corretta identificazione del pazienteR. Gallo, F. Bertoncini, C. Gatta

Fase diagnostica: evitare misdiagnosi e ritardiM. Giorgi-Pierfranceschi

Sicurezza in terapia farmacologicaE. Romano

Novità nella prevenzione delle caduteR. Re, G. Ferrotti

Protezione dalle infezioni correlate all’assistenzaA. Maffettone, C. Peirce, S. Di Fraia

Safe HandoverR. Rapetti

Prevenzione dei rischi in Medicina Interna, casi particolari: atti autolesivi, vagabondaggio, intrappolamento nel paziente ospedalizzatoR. Nardi, D. Tirotta, G. Pinna, G. Pirini

Gestione ricoveri in appoggio e rischio clinicoM. La Regina, F. Guarneri, T. Bellandi, R. Tartaglia, A. Brucato, D. Manfellotto

Innovazioni organizzative in Medicina Interna per la sicurezza del paziente: dall’Ambulatorio Integrato Diagnostico-Terapeutico alla Sezione di Decisione ClinicaR. Castello, A. Carli

OssigenoterapiaM. La Regina

VentiloterapiaM. La Regina

Strumenti per una gestione sicura delle procedure invasiveM. La Regina

La prevenzione del tromboembolismo venosoF. Pomero, E. Nicola, P. Salomone, R. Risso

Sicurezza nella gestione della terapia anticoagulante oraleM. La Regina, F. Pomero

Strumenti per una gestione sicura delle terapie inalatorieC. Tieri

Strumenti per una gestione sicura della terapia ipoglicemizzanteT.M. Attardo

Strumenti per una gestione sicura delle allergie a farmaci e delle interazioni farmacologicheT.M. Attardo

Mobilizzazione dei pazientiG. Querci, A. Spadaro

Il rischio clinico: conclusioniA. Fontanella
Non-Metallic, Non-Reinforced Automotive Air-Conditioning Refrigerant Line Assembly Requirements
Authors:   Interior Climate Control MAC Supplier Committee
Published: July 2019

The scope of SAE J3143 will cover non-metallic line assemblies intended for containing and circulating lubricant (PAG, POE compressor oils), liquid, and gaseous R-134a, R-152a, or R-1234yf refrigerant in automotive air-conditioning systems. SAE J3143 will also provide the necessary hose permeation values used in SAE J2727 mobile air-conditioning system refrigerant emission charts. The assembly shall be designed to minimize permeation of the refrigerant, contamination of the system, and to be functional over a temperature range of -30 to 125 °C. Specific construction details are to be agreed upon between user and supplier. Figure 1 shows a typical A/C system with TXV.
Switzerland
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: July 2019

Financial Sector Assessment Program; Technical Note-Insurance Regulation and Supervision
Pakistan
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: July 2019

Pakistan’s economy is at a critical juncture. Misaligned economic policies, including large fiscal deficits, loose monetary policy, and defense of an overvalued exchange rate, fueled consumption and short-term growth in recent years, but steadily eroded macroeconomic buffers, increased external and public debt, and depleted international reserves. Structural weaknesses remained largely unaddressed, including a chronically weak tax administration, a difficult business environment, inefficient and loss making SOEs, and low labor productivity amid a large informal economy. Without urgent policy action, economic and financial stability could be at risk, and growth prospects will be insufficient to meet the needs of a rapidly growing population.
Haemato-biochemical profile and acid–base status of Croatian spotted goats of different ages
Authors: Antunović Zvonko , Marić Ivica , Klir Željka , Šerić Vatroslav , Mioč Boro , Novoselec Josip
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The aim of the present research was to determine the haemato-biochemical profile and blood acid–base status of Croatian spotted goats in a traditional Mediterranean production system. The 60 non-gravid female Croatian spotted goats of different ages were included in the research. They were divided into four groups of 15 goats according to age: group I – ≤1 year old; group II – 2–3 years; group III – 3–6 years; and group IV – 7–10 years. Haematological parameters were determined in whole blood, biochemical parameters in serum and acid–base status in plasma by automatic analyser. Total leukocyte number (WBC), haemoglobin (HGB) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in the blood were the highest, while mean haemoglobin concentration in erythrocytes (MCHCs) was the lowest in yearlings compared to other groups. Concentrations of urea, Mg, Cl, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and lactate were the highest in yearlings. Concentrations of Ca, Na, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) as well as the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were higher in older goats compared to yearlings, while the opposite was determined for the activities of creatine kinase (CK) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Values of pH, the strong ion difference (SID), anion gap (AG) and z values as well as the content of HCO3 and total pressure of carbon dioxide (ctCO2) were higher in older goats compared to yearlings. The results obtained may help in monitoring the health and nutritional status and improve the management of Croatian spotted goats. Based on the results of the present study, the effect of age needs to be included in the model when preparing the reference values for the haemato-biochemical profile and acid–base status of goats.
Year-round stratospheric aerosol backscatter ratios calculated from lidar measurements above northern Norway
Authors: Langenbach Arvid , Baumgarten Gerd , Fiedler Jens , Lübken Franz-Josef , von Savigny Christian , Zalach Jacob
Published: July 2019

Abstract. We present a new method for calculating backscatter ratios of the stratospheric sulfate aerosol (SSA) layer
from daytime and nighttime lidar measurements. Using this new method we show a first year-round dataset of stratospheric aerosol
backscatter ratios at high latitudes. The SSA layer is located at altitudes between the tropopause and about 30 km. It is of
fundamental importance for the radiative balance of the atmosphere. We use a state-of-the-art Rayleigh–Mie–Raman lidar at the
Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR) station located in northern Norway (69∘ N,
16∘ E; 380 m a.s.l.). For nighttime measurements the aerosol backscatter ratios are derived using elastic
and inelastic backscatter of the emitted laser wavelengths 355, 532 and 1064 nm. The setup of the lidar allows measurements with a resolution of about 5 min in time and 150 m in altitude to be performed in high quality, which enables the identification of multiple sub-layers in the stratospheric aerosol layer of less than 1 km vertical thickness. We introduce a method to extend the dataset throughout the summer when measurements need to be performed under permanent
daytime conditions. For that purpose we approximate the backscatter ratios from color ratios of elastic scattering and apply
a correction function. We calculate the correction function using the average backscatter ratio profile at 355 nm
from about 1700 h of nighttime measurements from the years 2000 to 2018. Using the new method we finally present a
year-round dataset based on about 4100 h of measurements during the years 2014 to 2017.
Relation Between the Interannual Variability in the Stratospheric Rossby Wave Forcing and Zonal Mean Fields Suggesting an Interhemispheric Link in the Stratosphere
Authors: Matsushita Yuki , Kado Daiki , Kohma Masashi , Sato Kaoru
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Focusing on the interannual variabilities in the zonal mean fields and Rossby wave forcing in austral winter, an interhemispheric coupling in the stratosphere is examined using reanalysis data: the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2). In the present study, the Eliassen-Palm (EP) flux divergence averaged over the latitude and height regions of 50°–30° S and 0.3–1 hPa, respectively, are used as a proxy of the Rossby wave forcing, where the absolute value of the EP flux divergence is maximized in the winter in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The interannual variabilities in the zonal mean temperature and zonal wind are significantly correlated with the SH Rossby wave forcing in the stratosphere in both the SH and Northern Hemisphere (NH). The interannual variability in the strength of the poleward residual mean flow in the SH stratosphere is also correlated with the strength of the wave forcing. This correlation is significant even around the equator at an altitude of 40 km and at NH low latitudes of 20–40 km. The temperature anomaly is consistent with this residual mean flow anomaly. The relationship between the cross-equatorial flow and the zonal mean absolute angular momentum gradient (My) is examined in the meridional cross section. The My around the equator at the altitude of 40 km is small when the wave forcing is strong, which provides a pathway for the cross-equatorial residual mean flow. These results indicate that an interhemispheric coupling is present in the stratosphere through the meridional circulation modulated by the Rossby wave forcing.
Analysis of a southern sub-polar short-term ozone variation event using a millimetre-wave radiometer
Authors: Orte Pablo Facundo , Wolfram Elian , Salvador Jacobo , Mizuno Akira , Bègue Nelson , Bencherif Hassan , Bali Juan Lucas , D'Elia Raúl , Pazmiño Andrea , Godin-Beekmann Sophie , Ohyama Hirofumi , Quiroga Jonathan
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Subpolar regions in the Southern Hemisphere are
influenced by the Antarctic polar vortex during austral spring, which
induces high and short-term ozone variability at different altitudes, mainly
into the stratosphere. This variation may affect considerably the total
ozone column changing the harmful UV radiation that reaches the surface. With the aim of studying ozone with a high time resolution at different altitudes
in subpolar regions, a millimetre-wave radiometer (MWR) was installed at the
Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral (OAPA), Río
Gallegos, Argentina (51.6∘ S, 69.3∘ W), in 2011. This instrument provides ozone profiles with a time resolution of
∼1 h, which enables studies of short-term ozone mixing
ratio variability from 25 to ∼70 km in altitude. This work
presents the MWR ozone observations between October 2014 and 2015, focusing
on an atypical event of the polar vortex and Antarctic ozone hole influence
over Río Gallegos detected from the MWR measurements at 27 and 37 km
during November of 2014. During the event, the MWR observations at both
altitudes show a decrease in ozone followed by a local peak of ozone amount
of the order of hours. This local recovery is observed thanks to the high
time resolution of the MWR mentioned. The advected potential vorticity (APV)
calculated from the MIMOSA high-resolution advection model (Modélisation
Isentrope du transport Méso-échelle de l'Ozone Stratosphérique
par Advection) was also analysed at two isentropic levels (levels of
constant potential temperature) of 675 and 950 K (∼27 and
∼37 km of altitude, respectively) to understand and explain
the dynamics at both altitudes and correlate the ozone rapid recovery with
the passage of a tongue with low PV values over Río Gallegos. In
addition, the MWR dataset was compared for the first time with measurements
obtained from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) at individual altitude levels (27, 37 and 65 km) and with the differential absorption lidar (DIAL)
installed in the OAPA to analyse the correspondence between the MWR and
independent instruments. The MWR–MLS comparison presents a reasonable
correlation with mean bias errors of +5 %, −11 % and −7 % at 27,
37 and 65 km, respectively. The MWR–DIAL comparison at 27 km also presents
good agreement, with a mean bias error of −1 %.
Coastal lowland and floodplain evolution along the lower reaches of the Supsa River (western Georgia)
Authors: Laermanns Hannes , May Simon Matthias , Kelterbaum Daniel , Kirkitadze Giorgi , Opitz Stephan , Navrozashvili Levan , Elashvili Mikheil , Brückner Helmut
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In the southernmost part of the Colchian plain (Georgia), the Supsa and Rioni rivers represent important catchments for reconstructing Holocene landscape changes. Using granulometric methods, geochemical analyses and radiocarbon dating, we demonstrate that significant palaeoenvironmental changes have taken place in the surroundings of the Supsa fan since at least 4000 BCE. The initial foothill fan accumulation was prolonged by delta plain progradation. Due to continued fluvial sediment supply, mainly from the Rioni, the lagoon silted up and extended peat bogs formed east of the beach ridge complex. The Supsa fan first prograded northwards (since the third millennium BCE) and later shifted westwards, eventually following an avulsion of the Rioni. While Supsa deposits remain limited to the area of the fan and the modern estuary, the alluvial fines of the Rioni dominate the surrounding areas. The relative sea-level (RSL) index points of the region suggest a gradual RSL rise from ∼-9 m between 4000 and 3500 BCE to −3/−2 m below the modern sea level in the second half of the first millennium BCE, the period during which Greek colonization and Colchian settlements are attested by archaeological remains.
On the possibility of a long subglacial river under the north Greenland ice sheet
Authors: Chambers Christopher , Greve Ralf , Altena Bas , Lefeuvre Pierre-Marie
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Does a long subglacial river with a source deep in the interior of the Greenland ice sheet, drain into the sea at the Petermann Glacier grounding line? Basal topographic data shows a segmented valley extending from Petermann Fjord into the centre of Greenland, however the locations of radar scan lines, used to create the bedrock topography data, indicate that valley discontinuity is due to data interpolation. Simulations where the valley is opened are used to investigate effects on basal water and ice sheet sliding. The simulations indicate that the opening of this valley results in an uninterrupted water pathway from the interior along the valley that alters ice sheet sliding in the Petermann catchment and in areas of west Greenland. Along its length, the path of the valley progresses gradually down an ice surface slope causing a lowering of ice overburden pressure that could enable water flow along its path. The fact that the valley base appears to be relatively flat and follows a path along the interior ice divide that intersects the east and west basal hydrological basins, is presented as evidence that its present day form developed as a consequence of the overlying ice sheet rather than prior to ice sheet inception. Though considerable uncertainty remains, the results are consistent with a present day active long subglacial river system. The results raise issues concerning the need to better observe, understand, and simulate the complicated basal hydrology of the Greenland and other ice sheets.
El necesario cambio de modelo en la arqueología profesional española
Authors: Rodríguez Temiño Ignacio , Afonso Marrero José Andrés
Published: July 2019

Los arqueólogos profesionales son aquellas personas que viven del ejercicio liberal de la Arqueología. Resulta preocupante que se haya convertido en un tópico señalar que la Arqueología profesional está en crisis. Las causas podrían resumirse en tres. En primer lugar, sus practicantes desempeñan un difícil papel intermedio entre las administraciones culturales, por un lado, y los promotores, por otro. De la primera dependen para desarrollar las actividades que son encargadas por los segundos, quienes lo hacen no por convicción sino para satisfacer las obligaciones impuestas normativamente. Una segunda causa de insatisfacción procede de la dejación, por parte de las administraciones culturales, de algunas de las responsabilidades sobre la Arqueología preventiva en manos de los promotores y propietarios de suelo, como aplicación del neoliberalismo más descarnado. Por último, la relación con la administración cultural normalmente resulta fluida, pero ello no evita los tiempos, en muchas ocasiones inexplicables, que la burocratización ha impuesto para culminar trámites, como el de las autorizaciones de actividades arqueológicas. En este trabajo identificamos estas tres circunstancias como el problema de la Arqueología profesional y la causa del malestar de quienes la practican, pero también proponemos una solución para resolver esos desajustes que, lejos de ser coyunturales, se han vuelto sistémicos en la gestión de la Arqueología preventiva y, por tanto, imposibles de atajar si no se cambia de modelo.
Tésera uxamense con inscripción celtibérica
Authors: Almagro-Gorbea Martín , Ballester Xaverio
Published: July 2019

Se publica en esta nota una tésera de hospitalidad celtibérica que es propiedad desde hace años de un particular de la zona de Burgo de Osma, en Soria, quien por discreción ha preferido permanecer en el anonimato. Según la información obtenida, que consideramos fiable, la pieza procedería de esa zona de Burgo de Osma (Soria), la antigua Vxăma Argæla celtibérica, cuyo topónimo ha perdurado en el nombre de Osma (Tovar, 1989: 367 s.; TIR, 1993: 249 s.).