bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining Parental Social Media Use and Educational Anxiety During Their Childs Transition to Higher Education: An EPPM Analysis
Authors: Peng Yujie
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the relationship between proactive social media engagement and parental anxiety during the academic transition period in contemporary China. Through the process of gathering questionnaire data and performing data analysis, this research investigates the manner in which actively participating in social media platforms has a positive impact on parental anxiety. This impact is observed through the mediation of two variables: risk perception and efficacy perception. The academic transition period, which involves important educational milestones such as entrance exams or university admissions, often creates significant stress and anxiety for both students and their parents in China. With the rapid growth and widespread use of social media in recent years, it is crucial to explore its potential impact on parental anxiety during this crucial phase. This study can provide a reference for the extension of EPPM to address issues related to social anxiety. Additionally, it can offer effective approaches to alleviate parental educational anxiety.
Analysis on the Psychological Counseling Path of Teenagers Weariness of Learning
Authors: Shao Jinxiang
Published: December 2023

Young people are the future of the country, and their learning status has a direct bearing on the prosperity and development of the country. However, in recent years, the phenomenon of teenagers being tired of school is becoming more and more serious, which not only affects their studies, but also affects their physical and mental health. Therefore, it has become the common task of society and education to solve the psychological problem of teenagers' weariness in school. The purpose of this paper is to make an attribution analysis of their study weariness psychology, explore the related personal psychological and social factors that affect teenagers' study weariness, and establish targeted psychological prevention and intervention measures. The analysis and research on the problem of adolescents' weariness in school is helpful to understand the status of adolescents' mental health, and provide support for adolescents' mental health services, which is more conducive to the long-term development of social individuals' positive character.
Correlates of Adolescent Depression in 2021 in the United States
Authors: Wang Ziren
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research paper is to explore the potential links between various factors (socioeconomic, empirical and contextual factors), as well as the likelihood of adolescents experiencing major depressive episodes according to datasets reported in the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). This paper uses secondary data analysis method, where some variables of interests are compared: demographics, school experiences, adult-involvements, peer-involvements, extracurricular, and incomes. The results shows that both contextual factors around adult and peer involvement played a significant role in this research process. In influencing adolescents experiencing major depressive emotions during their growth. During this period, the influence of adult figures become a main object in shaping adolescents emotional health. However, with the frequency of parental arguments, the results show an adverse association, which underscores how the role of family dynamics influence adolescent mental health. Meanwhile, in terms of peer behaviors and related peer pressures, individuals are shaped by their choices and perceptions which also affect mental health of these adolescence.
'Stop the Boats' Plan: The Most Appropriate Solution for the Current UK
Authors: Zheng Zheyun
Published: December 2023

The 'Stop the Boats' plan serves to address the increasing number of illegal asylum seekers arriving at the UK's national borders. Following the public release of this plan, there has been a considerable outbreak of negative responses, criticising it as an act of anti-humanitarianism, with certain legal challenges and high financial costs. Nevertheless, a thorough analysis reveals that none of these critiques is relevant in the political realm. To further demonstrate the efficacy of the 'Stop the Boats' initiative, two alternative policies have been evaluated. One is to accept part of or all illegal asylum seekers and another one is a reject-all approach. However, both alternatives have been found to be less appropriate due to a number of significant deficiencies that affect multiple aspects beyond what can be avoided. Hence, the 'Stop the Boats' plan, which is seeking a balance between the two polar situations, has been proven to be the most feasible asylum plan for the current circumstances.
China's Identity Positioning and Diplomacy among Developing Countries
Authors: Li Jinyu
Published: December 2023

In the contemporary era characterized by the collective rise of emerging nations with China at the forefront, significant shifts in the power structure of the international system have emerged. An urgent concern is how China should position itself and delineate friend from foe in order to garner international support from a vast array of developing countries. China's intricate national circumstances and the profound transformations in the global environment present formidable obstacles to defining its national and international identity. Historically, China has positioned itself as the "largest developing country." However, given its significantly larger scale compared to other developing countries within the global community, disagreements from developed nations regarding China's classification as a developing country have surfaced, leading to economic frictions between China and other countries. Concurrently, China's efforts to secure international support primarily from developing countries have been impeded by certain nations adopting counter-strategies within the backdrop of Sino-American strategic competition, inadvertently imposing substantial economic costs on China and even posing direct threats to its core interests. Therefore, basing its actions on a sound sense of righteousness and benefits, accurately positioning China within the international system and distinguishing between friends and adversaries is a prerequisite for conducting diplomatic work. This approach can potentially mitigate the costs of China's rise, enhance its strategic credibility, and facilitate the acquisition of broader international support. In future diplomatic endeavors, China should persist in safeguarding and advancing the interests of the vast community of developing countries, adhering to a diplomatic layout grounded in the prioritization of relationships with developing countries. This approach will underscore China's commitment to international justice and facilitate the transformation of its identity into that of a "responsible major power," thereby reshaping its perspectives on the international order in this new era.
Strengths and Constraints of International NGO Involvement in Social Assistance
Authors: Sun Qianfeng
Published: December 2023

In recent years, as a result of frequent political unrest and catastrophic events caused by natural disasters, there has been a growing international demand for objects capable of participating in social relief. In addition to most sovereign states and intergovernmental international organizations, international non-governmental organizations are also active in social relief, and they have made outstanding contributions to the defense of human rights, refugee relief, the prevention of infectious diseases, and other related relief work. Therefore, this paper analyzes the advantages and limitations of the participation of international non-governmental organizations in social relief by means of literature review and theoretical analysis. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) can provide targeted help to countries in trouble in different aspects. However, due to their own problems, including becoming a political tool for some countries, and a lack of funds, they have also caused some negative impacts on the relief activities of international NGOs. NGOs need to recognize these concerns and find a balanced solution.
History of Shoushan Stone Culture Neolithic Period
Authors: Zhang Yiqing
Published: December 2023

Fuzhous cultural roots can be traced back over 6000 years to the Neolithic period. It evolved from a barbarian land to a prominent political, economic, and cultural center over 2000 years. The region witnessed the development of various prehistoric cultures like the Keqiutou, Tanshishan, and Huangguashan cultures. These cultures left behind archaeological sites with stone tools, pottery, and other artifacts, reflecting the lives of ancient Fuzhou inhabitants and the significant influences on other regions. The Fucun site in Fuzhou, as it featured the use of stone tools made from Shoushan stone, provided valuable insights into the Neolithic Age. These tools played a crucial role in the daily lives and production activities of the ancient Fuzhou inhabitants, brought the advancement of labor tools and productivity during that era and potentially influenced the later art and culture of the region.
Analysis and Discussion of the Current Development Status of Volleyball in Regular Higher Education Institutions in Sichuan Province
Authors: Yang Shuyi
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to investigate the current development status of volleyball in regular higher education institutions in Sichuan Province and the primary factors influencing its development. Through literature review, questionnaire surveys, and on-site investigations, we have reviewed the development status of volleyball in Sichuans higher education institutions and proposed a series of reform measures, including the cultivation of an excellent coaching team, improvement of the competition system, and optimization of teaching methods. This research hopes to provide reference and guidance for the development of campus volleyball, promoting the prosperity of campus sports. We aim to explore the intrinsic connections of factors that hinder development, identify existing issues, and propose solutions. The research conclusions are as follows: Sichuans higher education institutions have made considerable material investments in venue construction, maintenance of venue operations, and repairs of sports equipment, which provide good material support for the development of volleyball in higher education institutions and lay a solid foundation for hosting more international competitions in Sichuan Province. However, some institutions still face limitations in terms of venue availability, making it challenging to meet the needs of volleyball development. In terms of the offering of volleyball courses, the actual number of class hours for elective volleyball courses in regular higher education institutions is insufficient to meet teaching requirements, with teaching practices being relatively one-dimensional and lacking in theoretical instruction. The majority of volleyball teachers in Sichuans higher education institutions are young teachers with limited experience and relatively weak teaching methods, and there is a significant age gap between new and senior teachers, with insufficient support from outstanding young teachers. The establishment of campus volleyball teams and volleyball clubs has not received the attention it deserves. Campus volleyball teams are mostly assembled temporarily after the distribution of competition documents, with a short team formation time and inadequate periodic training, making it difficult to harmonize students course schedules.
A 3D culture method based on interpenetrating hydrogels induced by cells into skeletal muscle tissue in vitro
Authors: Wang Guobiao
Published: December 2023

The combination of muscle cells and soft robotics technology has led to the rapid development of biohybrid robots in recent years. Muscle-driven systems had advantages such as joint flexibility, self-repair, and multi-signal perception, demonstrating unique advantages as an effective technological solution for robot drive systems. Current research has many shortcomings in material properties and muscle stability in 3D muscle tissue cultured in vitro, making it difficult to successfully apply the technology. In this study, we developed a new type of interpenetrating hydrogel network that, combined with 3D cell culture and tissue-induced culture, enabled 3D muscle tissue culture in a hydrogel environment and induced differentiation in muscle tissue. The results of this research provided a foundation for future studies on in vitro muscle tissue culture and the implementation of robots in this field.
Research progress of nociplastic pain in the clinical treatment of chronic pain diseases
Authors: Guo Jinfei
Published: December 2023

Chronic pain is increasingly developing into a worldwide health problem. Due to the money and treatment required for care and rehabilitation, as well as the complexity of the various types of pain, chronic pain sufferers often bear a huge financial burden as well as a psychological one. According to statistics, 23% of chronic pain sufferers have suicidal thoughts. In 2017, the third category pain named "nociplastic pain" was proposed for the first time by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) which is disparate with the first kind nociceptive pain and the second pain neuropathic. The physiological mechanisms behind this type of pain are not known. However, it is commonly thought to be associated with a hypersensitivity response in the central nervous system and can be resulted in chronic nociceptive pain, so nociplastic pain is able to occur by itself, and can combine with other pain. At the same time, this type of pain affects the central system and produces other derived symptoms. Examples include stimulation of the limbic system, including impaired processing of emotions by the amygdala, amplified pain perception, sleep disturbances, increased fatigue and sensitivity to external environmental stimuli. There are no very clear and obvious diagnostic criteria or methods, and clinical detection is difficult. Due to the many symptoms, patients usually undergo multiple tests, with high medical costs and a poor prognosis. Patients suffer both physical and psychological distress. The disease with its complexity characteristic leads the difficulty for doctors to diagnosis it plagues patients with the condition, while increasing the difficulty of medical diagnosis and the cost of medical treatment. This article synthesizes the existing developments in outcomes in nociplastic pain from introduction and classification to diagnosis and treatment, it discusses the existing research findings.
A hand-held electro-mechanical exciter for multi-frequency peripheral neuropathy assessment
Authors: Jaber Fadi , Ali Sharaz
Published: December 2023

Diabetes is becoming alarmingly common worldwide and is associated with long-term complications. One of the major and common complications of the disease is peripheral neuropathy, which causes loss of sensation in the patient's limbs due to the degeneration of sensory nerves. Loss of sensation often allows injuries to get unnoticed, which increases the risk of infections that may lead to ulcers and amputation. Several tests are used as part of peripheral neuropathy screening, one of which is the vibration perception threshold (VPT) test. Most of the existing instruments for VPT testing apply a stimulus at a single frequency while gradually increasing the vibration acceleration until the stimulus is felt and reported by the subject. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that performing VPT at several frequencies offers a comprehensive VPT assessment. Moreover, the literature indicates that VPT evaluation is affected by excessive pressure that may be applied by the operator while the vibrators head is in contact with the skin. In this work, we describe the design of a hand-held exciter instrument capable of applying multifrequency stimuli in the range 4 Hz 500 Hz and that prevents excessive pressure from being applied by the operator to the subjects skin.
Chemical synthesis and the combination with oxygen of heme
Authors: Hu Jiayu
Published: December 2023

Heme is an essential compound in the human body. This work includes two main research summaries of heme and the chemical nature of this organic compound. The first part of this work includes specific processes, enzymes that be used, and situations where the synthesis of heme takes place. The next part is about how heme binds with oxygen and carries these molecules in body tissues and the effects of pH and temperature in combination with oxygen. The last part introduces a heme-dependent enzyme called catalase and how heme functions in this enzyme. Overall, this work contains most facts and specific illustrations of heme synthesis and its primary function. The meaning of this essay is to illustrate the process when heme binding with oxygen in the aspect of chemistry and explain other facts and functions of heme in the chemistry aspect.
Obstacles and side-effects of CAR-T from experiment to clinical
Authors: Chen Shihan
Published: December 2023

There is a practical and promising therapy that comes out these days called CAR-T therapy. The human immune system detects certain alien cells by matching distinct antigens on their surface. T-cells trigger the immune system to attack the cancer cells by attaching the antigens with its receptors. CAR-T therapy just uses T-cell's ability to carry out the following treatment process. This therapy has already been applied to the treatment of leukemia. However, CAR-T cell treatments for solid tumors have not been well investigated. Because the lacking of samples and clinical trials causes some drawbacks and obstacles to Car-t therapy which can not be ignored. Some strong side effects include cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurological toxicity problems and some limitations in particular groups of people. Here, this article mainly focuses on the drawbacks and also talks about obstacles of CAR-T therapy from experiment to clinical which people have not solved yet. This review attempts to highlight some of the remaining issues in CAR T treatment and provide current clinical solutions for certain possible roadblocks.
Association between triclosan and obesity using NHANES 2007-2016: Overall and stratified population
Authors: Xie Linshan
Published: December 2023

Studies have shown that triclosan is able to exert estrogenic activity and may affect energy metabolism through multiple mechanisms, which in turn is associated with obesity and overweight. However, insufficient research has been done to confirm its connection to obesity in the general population. This study's aim was to explore the relationship between triclosan and obesity in American adults (aged 20). The association was further explored in populations stratified by sex, age, race, education level, and socioeconomic status. In the general population, there was a connection between triclosan and obesity that was detrimental. (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, p value: 0.017).In the other race group, triclosan and obesity were found to be dramatically negatively correlated (including multi-racial) when stratified by race (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.8-0.98, p value: 0.019). When stratified by socioeconomic class, there was a substantial relationship between triclosan and obesity in the above poverty group. (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-1, p value: 0.023). Finally, when dividing the population according to education level, we had a more novel finding in the graduate or above group: it was discovered that triclosan lowers the likelihood of obesity (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88-0.98, p value: 0.005) while increasing odds of overweight (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.11, p value: 0.027).
Muscle twitching during REM sleep contributes to the development of the body
Authors: Wang Yanxiao
Published: December 2023

Animals must cultivate, refine, and sustain precise sensorimotor maps as their body progresses and alters during early growth and throughout their life. Many studies have proposed the possibility that spontaneous muscle twitching occurs only during REM ( or active ) sleep to help animals draw sensorimotor maps and improve spinal self-organization by activating skeletal muscle, which will be elaborated and discussed in this paper. First of all, this article explains the characteristics of muscle twitching, which make their function possible. Secondly, this paper expounds the effects of muscle twitching on the cerebellum and spine respectively, which provides strong evidence for the hypothesis that muscle twitching helps to improve the sensorimotor map. To conclude, REM sleep's spontaneous muscle twitching is indispensable for neurodevelopment. Further research could aid in comprehending neurodevelopmental disorders and even offer chances for early detection and treatment.
Analysis on the diet of basketball athletes
Authors: Zhu Ziye
Published: December 2023

Food is essential for human survival. Dietary nutrients contribute significantly to our health. As a typical group that engage in a great deal of physical activity, athletes require a diet rich in the right kinds of nutrients in order to keep their bodies running at peak efficiency. Basketball is an intensely competitive sport. To achieve victory, both teams will engage in physical and technical confrontation. Contemporary basketball is distinguished by its intense rivalry. As basketball evolves and strives to reach a higher level, the physical requirements for athletes become increasingly stringent. Diet and nutrition are the foundation for athletes. A nutritious diet is a formula for success. Athletes should consume the appropriate amount of energy required by the body. This paper examines the physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of athletes through a literature review. In-depth research will be conducted to determine the nutritional requirements of basketball players and make dietary recommendations. The purpose of this study is to make dietary recommendations for basketball players by analysing their fundamental signs and nutritional requirements.
Applications of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in cancer models
Authors: Yang Jiayi
Published: December 2023

Cancer has a high mortality and prevalence rate in the world. CRISPR-Cas9 is one of the novel and most common gene-editing techniques. Compared with the first two generations of gene-editing technologies, CRISPR-Cas9 system has the advantages of easy design, low cost, high efficiency and so on. sgRNA guides Cas9 to the site of the targeted gene, and Cas9 cuts the DNA strand at that site, triggering the NHEJ or HDR mechanism so as to achieve the purpose of deletion or insertion. CRISPR-Cas9 can be combined with other factors for other purposes, such as CRISPRa, CRISPRi, and base editing. The CRISPR system now has been used extensively for research into biological mechanisms and disease treatments. Since cancer is controlled by genes, a number of researchers in recent years have looked at using the CRISPR system to treat cancer. The CRISPR technology has greatly improved our understanding of cancer and the factors that affect it, and has had a major impact on the study and treatment of cancer. CRISPR gene editing can quickly and efficiently generate gene knockouts and regulate gene expression to identify relevant genes that influence cancer growth. This review systematically introduces CRISPR-Cas9 and its application methods, delivery modes, and discusses some studies using cell lines and organoids in vitro and animal models for cancer therapy in vivo.
An introduction to cancer vaccine, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell and immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Song Zheyan
Published: December 2023

Cancer immunotherapy has been a hot topic of cancer therapy discussion for over decades. Several successful cancer immunotherapies have already existed for about 30 years, however it is just in the past decade that immunotherapy has achieved broad breakthrough on patient survival in multiple high-incidence cancer indications. Immunotherapy, as a promising therapy depending mainly on the mechanism that immune cells work to eliminate cancer cells, has three hot topics recently. Cancer vaccine is a therapeutic vaccine that typically involves exogenous administration of selected tumour antigens to activate dendritic cells (DCs), or even DCs themselves in order to initiate and stimulate immune response to tumour cells, regain their control over tumour growth, induce existed tumour regression and eradicate minimal residual disease. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy uses a patient's own T cells, but genetically engineered to express a synthetic receptor that binds to a tumour antigen more precisely and efficiently, to serve as more effective army against tumours. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) depends on blocking certain receptors and their ligands involved in pathways that attenuate T cell activation for example, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), programmed cell death 1 (PD1) and its ligand, PDL1 to restore T cells activity and prevent acquired peripheral tolerance to tumour antigens. This review gives a brief introduction to how human immune system works and a basic overview on the principles of cancer vaccine, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).
Trigger of immune deficiency lead to fungal infection in animal
Authors: Miao Jialing
Published: December 2023

The immune system, as an important protection for animals and humans, ensures that they are not attacked by invading microorganisms and destroying them. Once immune system is damaged or defective, it allows harmful microorganisms to grow and spread within the body, attacking internal organs, leading to infections and diseases. When animals are infected with fungi and cause diseases, they can be treated with antibiotics or by surgery. However, probability of diseases caused by fungal infections in animals has gradually increased. Fungi, as a type of microorganisms, play a dominant role in fungal diseases. Therefore, in the article, it will study how microorganisms operate in animals to cause infection, and lead to fungal infectious diseases through analyzing the mechanism of microbial fungi in animals with immune system defects and their impact on animals. Many studies have shown that the common fungal pathogens of infectious diseases exist in the environment of daily life and inside an animal's body. Poor living conditions or improper feeding are the reasons that trigger the growth of microbial fungi in animals. Through research results, improving animal immunity, creating a good living environment and diet can prevent animals from being infected by fungi and leading to diseases. This series of movements of fungi in animals also reflects importance to both the animal body and the environment. Research on the mechanisms of various microorganisms in infections and diseases can also facilitate development for faster and more effective treatment methods, thereby reducing animal infection caused diseases.
Application of brain-computer interface in rehabilitation medicine
Authors: Zheng Yizhuo
Published: December 2023

A brain-computer interface (BCI) can realize the communication and control between the human brain and computers or other electrical equipment by electroencephalography. It is a novel kind of human2computer interface. BCIs will be applied in rehabilitation, control, and other fields. This paper introduces the working principle of BCIs. Some key techniques to design BCIs are discussed from these aspects: signal processing, device control methods, and signal feedback. Besides, the application of BCI in rehabilitation medicine is also discussed. Finally, some main problems and future trends are pointed out. The discussions have guiding values to the design and research of BCI.
Overview of benzene and exploration of benzene structure
Authors: Li Jiayue
Published: December 2023

Benzene is a hydrocarbon the simplest aromatics. But the search for benzenes structure has been tortuous. This article mainly introduces the basic properties of benzene. From the physical properties of benzene to the chemical properties of benzene to the uses of benzene. In this work, we also summarize the process of scientists exploration of benzene structure and introduce the background of benzene. Of all the structures of benzene, the Kekule structure is the most recognized structure. We have proved the correctness of the Kekule structure by the product of the ozonation decomposition reaction of o-xylene. However, the Kekule structure has some limitations, the search for benzene structure is still ongoing, and we are still trying to find ways to better describe the structure of benzene. So we also sum up some modern theories about the structure of benzene. In addition, benzene is a very common chemical raw material. The article also lists some chemical products made from benzene.
The influencing factors for depression in US adults: Data from the NHANES(20092018)
Authors: Xu Chong
Published: December 2023

In today's world, as society puts more and more pressure on people, the incidence of depression is also increasing. Depression can have a number of serious harms, not only affecting an individual's emotional and psychological state, but also having a serious impact on quality of life, work and personal relationships. To find the causes of depression, this paper will analyze the contributing factors of depression by analyzing data from U.S. adults in NHANES(2009-2018), a series of cross-sectional, complex, multi-stage surveys conducted by the CDC(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Some variables were obtained from the questionnaire -- sleep status and smoking status. The results included age, sex, education, marital status, smoking status, obesity, and some of the diseases associated with CRD. This study found that sleep disorders had the largest OR value, Education level and smoking status have the least relationship with CRD because of the lowest OR value.
Emerging role of immune therapy in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Zhao Jiaxi
Published: December 2023

Neurodegenerative disorders, a category of illnesses that develop as neurons gradually become defective and eventually die, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). Slowly progressing neurodegenerative disorders are accompanied by cognitive decline and functional impairment, significantly burdening individuals and society. At present, clinical treatment is still mainly symptomatic support. The incidence rate has been rising in recent years, and there is a trend toward younger age, which has a negative impact on people's physical health and quality of life. The worldwide burden will continue to increase as the population of the elderly grows, with latent impacts due to prolonged disease durations and changing environments. Unfortunately, such disorders are still untreated because of their complicated pathophysiology. The primary goals of current therapies are to reduce disease symptoms and halt disease progression. Pre-clinical studies for therapeutic methods for AD, PD, and HD have shown promise for AAV intraparenchymal injections and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) delivery. While CRISPR/Cas9-mediated approaches have been employed to develop disease models, identify pathogenic genes, elucidate pathogenesis mechanisms, and as a potential therapeutic approach. This review not only systematically introduces the current situation and diffuse subsets of neurodegenerative diseases, but also discusses treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
Research on genetic regulation of sleep
Authors: Guo Yuliang
Published: December 2023

Sleep is the most vital function of mammals to maintain energy homeostasis. For years, the mechanism behind how sleep is regulated has been studied, and several genetic pathways had been identified as the key to encoding the circadian rhythms to enable the mammalian sleep and wake cycles. This paper explains the mechanisms behind the PER, CRY, CLOCK, and BMAL1 pathways, which play a central role in manipulating the function of the circadian clock. Other pathways, such as the DEC1/2 genes, interact with the circadian clock genes to form negative feedback loops to further control the circadian rhythm pathway and directly regulate sleep through orexin. Mutations occurring in these pathways could potentially cause conditions such as narcolepsy, restless leg syndrome, insomnia, sleep apnea, delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), and advanced sleep phase syndrome (ASPS). These conclusions are based on previous studies and experiments that identified these pathways. While recent studies have shed light on the mechanisms of the PER, CLOCK, BMAL1, and DEC genes in regulating sleep and circadian rhythms, there is still much to discover. The intricate interactions and genetic pathways involved in sleep regulation are not yet fully understood. Further research in this field may uncover new insights into the genetic basis of sleep and provide avenues for developing interventions to address sleep disorders.
Advantages and disadvantages of glycomacropeptide therapy for phenylketonuria compared with traditional diet therapy
Authors: Zhang Yuxi
Published: December 2023

Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive disease for which there is no cure, which has a lasting adverse impact on patients' lives. At present, only two treatment methods have been widely used in clinical practice, one is traditional long-term low protein diet therapy, the other is glycomacropeptide therapy. However, the two methods have defects such as poor food palatability, poor patient compliance, and unclear immunity. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore the potential advantages and complementary advantages of the two widely used methods to improve patients' lives. This paper mainly applies the research method of literature review to explore and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of traditional diet therapy and glycomacropeptide therapy. The conclusion of this study is that in order to benefit the existing PKU patients to a greater extent and improve their quality of life and treatment effect, traditional diet therapy should be given priority, supplemented by glycomacropeptide therapy, and the two dietary plans should be implemented in parallel, so as to achieve better results. In addition, do not use the two treatment schemes in isolation.
Current therapy of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Dong Jiayi
Published: December 2023

In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular immunology and related biotechnology, immunotherapy has made breakthrough progress in tumor treatment. The main object of this paper is the current clinical treatment of different lung cancer and their advantages and disadvantages. Through the literature review method, the latest and most standard treatment methods were selected and summarized. Studies have found that chemotherapy, especially platinum-based chemotherapy, is still the most effective means for lung cancer in clinical practice, and immunotherapy mainly relies on combination with chemotherapy to play a role. However, as a new treatment method, epidemic therapy is becoming increasingly mature, and compared with traditional chemotherapy, it has greater research and development potential and broader prospects. The research and development of immunotherapy will be the focus of the therapies for lung cancer in the future. Researchers need to tailor treatment methods based on the principles of individualized treatment to optimize the design and outcomes of clinical studies.
Unraveling the Complexity of triple-negative breast cancer: A comprehensive research analysis
Authors: Guan Yinglin
Published: December 2023

TNBC, also known as triple-negative breast cancer, is a predominantly female-targeting and stands out due to its defining attribute. TNBC accounts for a considerable percentage of BC cases, and unfortunately, it is associated with poor prognoses and limited treatment options. In-depth information about TNBC, including its epidemiology, clinical expression, molecular features, and current diagnostic and treatment options, is provided in this research paper. In addition to examining ongoing research projects to better TNBC patient outcomes and treatment options, the report also suggests potential future routes for improved management tactics. The development of effective targeted treatments and individualized treatment plans for such a challenging disease necessitates an understanding of the distinctive characteristics of TNBC. This article contributes to continuing efforts to meet the unmet clinical requirements of patients affected by this aggressive BC subtype by offering insight into the complexity of TNBC.
Influenza virus evolution and vaccine development
Authors: Liu Simeng
Published: December 2023

Although the effectiveness of universal influenza vaccines may vary from year to year, getting vaccinated against the influenza virus remains the optimal strategy for preventing influenza virus infection. As a result, recent research has focused on improving the protective efficacy and potency of influenza vaccines. This paper explores two theories: antigenic drift and antigenic imprinting. Antigenic drift refers to the gradual changes and evolution of antigens within influenza viruses. However, epidemiological data suggest that a single strain dominates each flu season. The theory of antigenic imprinting helps explain this phenomenon. Population immunity targets epitopes of limited variables (ELVs). Influenza vaccines can target ELVs to enhance vaccine effectiveness specifically.
The Mediterranean diet in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and its complications
Authors: Chen Yulin , Wang Ziwen
Published: December 2023

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has gone upward sharply for the past few years. Therefore, the efficient way to combat it has set off a new wave of research. Compared with traditional medication, dietary interventions can also control the development of T2DM with fewer side effects or prevent the onset. Among these studies with different methods and views, the Mediterranean diet (Med diet) can be crucial to prevent and treat T2DM in lifestyle. On the basis of the summary and analysis of relevant literature, this paper has introduced the risk factors and pathogenesis of T2DM and the ingredients and function of the Med diet, followed by the research status of this dietary pattern for the aspects such as hormone and inflammation regulation in treating T2DM. At the end of this paper, the treatment of T2DM aims to focus on nutritional interventions based on the Mediterranean diet in the future, in order to provide a reasonable dietary pattern for T2DM patients as soon as possible.
Research progress of Monkeypox and its current prevention and treatment options
Authors: Zheng Xinmei
Published: December 2023

Monkeypox (MPX), a smallpox-like zoonotic infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), was first detected in laboratory animals in 1958. Since the eradication of the smallpox virus in the 80s of the 20th century, MPXV has become one of the members of the pox virus family with the greatest public health impact, mainly in the central and western regions of Africa. However, since May 7, 2022, human cases of MPXV infection have been reported in several countries outside endemic areas in Africa. As of July 15, 2022, based on the latest data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there have been at least 1,814 suspected or confirmed cases in the US, and a total of 12,556 confirmed cases have been reported in 68 countries around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) has said that the spread of MPX epidemics in more than 70 countries is an "extraordinary" situation, listing it as a global emergency. This paper mainly reviews the physicochemical characteristics, gene characteristics, pathogenic mechanism, transmission mechanism, and clinical features of MPXV etiology. It also discusses and summarizes the current prevention and treatment options, in order to provide reference for the current exploration of monkeypox prevention and treatment.
The effects of camponotus japonicus ant on container-grown leguminous plants
Authors: Tian Yuxuan
Published: December 2023

Ants play a major role in changing the microscopic ecosystem. They constitute a significant part of the animal biomass and also act as soil engineers in soil ecosystems. The existence of ant colonies does affect the growth of surrounding plants and the living environment of other animals. This paper explores the impact of ants on the growth of leguminous plants. By placing C. japonicus individuals in an artificial environment, the nesting behavior and hunting behavior of ants could affect the environment in which legumes grow are maximized. The nesting behavior of ants causes seeds to sink into the soil, thereby slowing down the germination time of plants. Besides, the results suggested that the greater the number of ants, the greater their ability to influence the soil. At the same time, ants also produce more organic waste, accelerating the growth of legumes.
A systematic review of euthanasia-related research and development in China
Authors: Ma Weilan
Published: December 2023

With the development of the economy, education, modern medicine, etc, China's average life expectancy has been greatly improved. The older the age, the incidence of diseases such as senile diseases and malignant tumors also increases correspondingly. The inviolability of the "dignity of life", which includes the "dignity of death". In addition to the current measures to strengthen medical security, drug research and development, hospice care, palliative care, and other measures, insight into the public's cognition and attitude toward euthanasia is also helpful to improve the quality of life, deepen the research on the legalization of euthanasia, and establish a rational view of life and death. As a special deathbed treatment, euthanasia has not been fully legalized in China, but it is being accepted by more and more people. At the same time, there are a series of relevant supporting policies, such as hospice care and advance directive in our country.
Genetic cause and therapy of sickle cell disease
Authors: Zou Jiayi
Published: December 2023

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an influential genetic disorder on a global scale. The sickle cell population has been a large collective in recent years. Vaso-occlusion, membrane injury, and cardiovascular complications were discovered to result from its presence. There is currently no treatment that can completely cure SCD. Using a method of literature review, this paper discusses the history, pathology, and potential treatments. A point mutation of the sixth amino acid in the -hemoglobin gene (HBB) is the genetic etiology of sickle cell disease. The replacement of glutamic acid with valine reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of erythroid. Even though the cause of SCD is evident, the treatments, including blood transfusion, hydroxyurea, gene-editing, and GBT440 agent therapy, are still uncertain. Further research and testing are required to reduce the morbidity of SCD, and additional efforts are required to increase the rate of SCD cure.
Review on risk factors associated with childhood caries
Authors: Zheng Lukailun
Published: December 2023

Caries, also known as tooth decay or worm's tooth, is a disease of the oral cavity caused by multiple factors. It is one of the most common diseases of humans worldwide, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has identified it as one of "three major diseases affecting human health" along with tumors and cardiovascular disease. Genetics, the environment, and microorganisms all play a role in the development of its diseases. Caries is the leading cause of tooth loss in children, with a prevalence that is five times higher than that of asthma. It lowers adult life quality by causing pain in the teeth, spoiling their appearance, and making it difficult to replace missing teeth. Preventing and controlling a condition like childhood caries requires an understanding of the elements that contribute to it. This research will conduct a systematic literature review to examine the potential causes of caries in younger children.
Research progress of high precision single base editing technology with a focus on prime editing
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin
Published: December 2023

Gene editing is a technique in genetic engineering that aims to change specific genes in the genome of a certain organism mainly by modifying specific genes, such as by adding or deleting them. It has a profound meaning in the treatment of human genetic ailments and in the modification of diseased genes in plants and animals, and is also one of the hottest research areas in the life sciences in recent years. This paper focuses on the development of CRISPR/Cas9-based single-base editing technologies after 2019, especially after the advent of lead editing. Researchers in various countries have applied it to rice and mice for experiments to ameliorate the accuracy of single-base editing and decrease off-target effects, and have tested the accuracy and conversion rate of prime editing (PE) by whole-genome sequencing and other methods, and have continued to innovate on this basis to pursue more efficient editing results. This paper summarizes the problems that still need to be solved for PE, so that it can serve as a reference in the future research process and better develop prime editor and gene editing.
Advances of CRISPR/Cas9 in cancer research and treatment
Authors: Guan Niping , Ke Liujing , Sun Hetian
Published: December 2023

Cancer is a disease that is very difficult to cure and a lot of people in the world die because of cancer. In the past, the treatments of cancer could only depend on radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery of removing tumors. But these ways have some weaknesses such as harming the health of the body and relapse of cancer. Whereas recently, completely curing cancer has become possible through the advances of gene-editing technologies. Due to its great effectiveness, simplicity of usage, and other advantages, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein-9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system is a widely used gene editing technique today. But there are still many challenges that are applied to the body. For example, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has an off-target effect and there are no suitable carriers to deliver it to the area of the body. The resolution of these problems may be made possible by future developments in the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The use, restrictions, and potential uses of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the treatment of cancer are examined in this research. In addition, this paper compares other treatments of cancer to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of different methods.
Combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy for drug-resistant TNBC
Authors: Shi Chang
Published: December 2023

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific subtype, the most lethal and with the worst prognosis, and is prone to develop drug resistance during advanced chemotherapy. The combined application of radiotherapy and immunotherapy has gradually entered the public eye. The PD-L1 / PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors can enhance the local effect of radiotherapy and relieve the immunosuppressive effect in tumor patients, and the up-regulation of PD-L1 expression caused by radiotherapy also helps the checkpoint inhibitors to play a stronger effect. More patients with TNBC can gain a higher benefit from this.