bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of nutritional support for clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Juping , Kong Qian , Zhang Jibo , Guo Jun
Published: September 2024

Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality globally. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the impact of nutritional interventions on clinical outcomes in GC patients.

Methods

Comprehensive search was conducted across four medical databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined nutritional interventions in GC patients. The outcomes assessed included hospitalization duration, nutritional status, immune function, and complications.

Results

A total of 11 studies were included. Enteral nutrition (EN) significantly reduce hospital stay duration compared to no nutritional intervention (SMD = −1.22, 95% CI [−1.72, −0.73], P < 0.001) and parenteral nutrition (PN) (SMD = −1.30, 95% CI [−1.78, −0.82], P < 0.001), but showed no significant difference compared to immunonutrition (IN). EN also improved nutritional status, indicated by higher albumin prealbumin levels, and improved immune function by elevating CD4+ levels (SMD = 1.09, 95% CI [0.61, 1.57], P < 0.001). However, IN showed superior effects on immunoglobulin levels (IgG and IgM). No significant differences were observed in complication rates among EN, IN, and PN interventions.

Conclusion

Nutritional support, particularly EN and IN, can significantly improve hospitalization outcomes, nutritional status, and immune function. Customizing interventions according to patient requirements can optimize therapeutic outcomes, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
Wear mechanism analysis of internal chip removal drill for CFRP drilling
Authors: Xu Chengyang , Liu Xueqing , Li Fujia , Fu Heguo , Han Dong , Huang Ning , Wang Gongdong , Wang Yiwen
Published: September 2024

As one of the main problems in the processing of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), tool wear affects the quality and efficiency of hole making. As a new CFRP hole making process, the suction-type internal chip removal method can effectively slow down the tool wear rate. In order to further clarify the reasons for this method to slow down the tool wear, this study investigates the wear mechanism of the internal chip removal tool. The main contents include: first, the experimental parameters such as drilling axial force, drilling temperature, and tool wear are obtained through the experimental method, and the drawing of the drilling temperature change curve of internal chip drilling is completed; second, the polar analysis method is used to study the influence of the drill parameters on the drilling axial force and the tool wear, and the basis for the selection of the structure of the internal chip drill is given; finally, the method of comparative experiments of the internal chip drilling process and the non-internal chip drilling process is used to conclude that the use of the internal chip drilling process can effectively slow down the tool wear rate. Finally, the method of comparing the internal chip removal and non-internal chip removal processes is used to conclude that the use of internal chip removal processing method can effectively reduce the axial force, drilling temperature, and slow down the tool wear.
A Systematic Structure-Function Characterization of a Human Mutation in Neurexin-3α Reveals an Extracellular Modulatory Sequence That Stabilizes Neuroligin-1 Binding to Enhance the Postsynaptic Properties of Excitatory Synapses
Authors: Stokes Eric G. , Kim Hyeonho , Ko Jaewon , Aoto Jason
Published: September 2024

α-Neurexins are essential and highly expressed presynaptic cell-adhesion molecules that are frequently linked to neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Despite their importance, how the elaborate extracellular sequences of α-neurexins contribute to synapse function is poorly understood. We recently characterized the presynaptic gain-of-function phenotype caused by a missense mutation in an evolutionarily conserved extracellular sequence of neurexin-3α (A687T) that we identified in a patient diagnosed with profound intellectual disability and epilepsy. The striking A687T gain-of-function mutation on neurexin-3α prompted us to systematically test using mutants whether the presynaptic gain-of-function phenotype is a consequence of the addition of side-chain bulk (i.e., A687V) or polar/hydrophilic properties (i.e., A687S). We used multidisciplinary approaches in mixed-sex primary hippocampal cultures to assess the impact of the neurexin-3αA687residue on synapse morphology, function and ligand binding. Unexpectedly, neither A687V nor A687S recapitulated the neurexin-3α A687T phenotype. Instead, distinct from A687T, molecular replacement with A687S significantly enhanced postsynaptic properties exclusively at excitatory synapses and selectively increased binding to neuroligin-1 and neuroligin-3 without changing binding to neuroligin-2 or LRRTM2. Importantly, we provide the first experimental evidence supporting the notion that the position A687 of neurexin-3α and the N-terminal sequences of neuroligins may contribute to the stability of α-neurexin–neuroligin-1 trans-synaptic interactions and that these interactions may specifically regulate the postsynaptic strength of excitatory synapses.
Sembene, Vieyra, and the Making of Xala
Authors: Adeṣọkan Akin
Published: September 2024

The production of Xala (1974) provided an opportunity for Senegalese filmmaker Ousmane Sembene and Paulin Vieyra, his reliable collaborator and long-term producer, to confront a challenge in African cinema—the hardscrabble conditions of making films in the face of limited resources and official indifference. Famously tagged “mégotage” (literally, “gathering cigarette butts”) by Sembene, this problem formed part of the contingencies of production and circulation that have shaped the careers of many African filmmakers. Preparatory work on Xala in particular coincided with the establishment of the Société National de Cinématographie (SNC), the new Senegalese state organ that co-produced it, even as the completed film fell victim to official censorship and curtailed circulation. Through a careful examination of relevant documents in the collections of Sembene and Vieyra at Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, this essay illuminates in granular detail the nature of these persistent challenges that might have inspired Sembene’s unforgettable neologism.
Orlando, Desire Lines
Authors: Dunn Eliot
Published: September 2024

As a response to the increasingly violent backlash against trans rights, trans cinema must look beyond representation and seek to foster community solidarity and care. New trans cinematic works must resist conventional modes of representation and instead provide a form of care and validation to trans audiences. This paper focuses on recent trans documentaries “Orlando, My Political Biography” (Paul Preciado, 2023) and “Desire Lines” (Jules Rosskam, 2024) which not only depict trans experiences but also challenge traditional filmmaking techniques to foster a t4t (trans-for-trans) ethos. This ethos rejects stealth ways of looking, in which one assimilates seamlessly into cisgender society post-transition. Instead, Orlando and Desire Lines continually disrupt the binary gaze by embracing a process-oriented filmmaking style that reminds the audience the image, like gender, is constructed. Such work not only has the potential to change the socio-political landscape, it radically prioritizes supporting trans lives over instructing cisgender viewers.
Imaginarios sociales sobre la infancia y la escuela infantil en la sociedad actual
Authors: Saiz-Linares Ángela , Ceballos-López Noelia
Published: September 2024

Purpose. This scientific article presents a qualitative project aimed to critically analyse the collective imaginaries of childhood and nursery school held by three generations of children. Method. The research, framed within the qualitative-interpretative paradigm, used 45 semi-structured interviews with participants organised into three age groups (15-24, 25-54, and over 55) who were not professionally affiliated with the school. Findings. The study reveals the following key findings: a limiting vision of childhood, crossed by notions of innocence and vulnerability (particularly in older participants) and propaedeutic. An essentialist vision is less prevalent, especially among men. Likewise, in relation to school, the functions of assistance, protection and care (more present in men), and preparation, both academic (among younger participants) and social (among older participants), are dominant. Finally, the majority of participants identified age two as the optimal age to begin early childhood education. Conclusions. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for educational policies prioritizing equity and children’s rights, recognizing that policies of the facts are those that encourage transformations in social imaginaries.
Patrones de liderazgo distribuido en centros secundarios de formación profesional en Chile
Authors: Maureira-Cabrera Oscar , Ahumada-Figueroa Luis , Vidal-Muñoz Erick
Published: September 2024

Purpose. Distributed leadership would contribute to the development of professional skills necessary to foster a culture of collaboration. The objective of this article was to analyze the patterns of distributed leadership in secondary vocational and training centers with a sustained improvement trajectory. Method. A non-experimental transactional quantitative investigation was carried out. To analyze distributed leadership patterns, the Distributed Leadership Multifactor Questionnaire was applied (Maureira Cabrera & Garay, 2019). The sample consisted of ten secondary vocational and training centers from different geographical areas of Chile. Different patterns of distributed leadership and their relationship with sociodemographic variables were analyzed. For data analysis we used descriptive and inferential statistics, t-tests for independent samples, concluding with a multiple regression analysis. Results. All distributed leadership patterns are valued positively by managers, teachers and support professionals. The formal pattern was the one with the highest value, followed by the strategic, the pragmatic distribution pattern, the cultural pattern, the timely distribution pattern, and the incremental pattern. Age, experience and permanence in the center, as well as those who work in managerial positions, have a more positive assessment of the cultural pattern of leadership distribution. Conclusions. Distributed leadership is possible to the extent that there is a culture that supports it. Those educational centers with a sustained path of improvement have a leadership concept that facilitates more democratic participation and decision-making around a common project.
Impacto de la Variabilidad Solar en las Comunicaciones HF: Estrategias y Tecnologías Emergentes
Authors: Rodríguez-Casavilca Hipólito Martín
Published: September 2024

Este estudio se centra en investigar el impacto de la radiación solar en las comunicaciones de Alta Frecuencia (HF), un tema de crucial importancia en la actualidad. El objetivo principal es evaluar cómo las variaciones en la actividad solar, específicamente el Índice de Flujo Solar (SFI) y el Número de Manchas Solares (SSN), afectan la eficacia y la planificación de los enlaces HF. Mediante una metodología integrada que combina la revisión de literatura, el análisis de datos históricos y actuales de radiación solar, simulaciones de software especializado y pruebas empíricas, este estudio proporciona una comprensión detallada de la relación entre la radiación solar y la propagación de ondas HF. Los resultados demuestran una correlación significativa entre la actividad solar y la variabilidad en la Máxima Frecuencia Utilizable (MUF). Además, se destaca la eficacia de las tecnologías emergentes en HF, como el Establecimiento Automático de Enlaces (ALE) de cuarta generación, para mejorar la adaptabilidad y eficiencia de las comunicaciones HF. Estos hallazgos enfatizan la necesidad de considerar la variabilidad solar en la planificación y operación de enlaces HF, ofreciendo una base para el desarrollo de estrategias de comunicación más resilientes y efectivas en un entorno tecnológico en evolución.
Foreign investment: a panacea or a threat
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Salikhova Olena , Krehivskyi Oleh ,   Secretariat of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine
Published: September 2024

The resources of Ukrainian industry were already depleted prior to the start of Russia’s large-scale military aggression in February 2022; while the forthcoming physical destruction of manufacturing facilities and infrastructure, and the migration of qualified personnel and promising innovators further worsened the situation. Before the outbreak of war, only individual manufacturers of technologically complex products had research units, made innovation, and were able to compete in international markets. Some industries were only based on one or two companies, who mastered unique high-tech competence; these manufacturers paid taxes to budgets of all levels; provided employment, and helped to improve incomes and social stability. At present, the resources possessed by Ukraine’s private sector are critically low; so the country’s leaders are pinning their hopes on foreign investment as a means to solve the complex postwar issues such as the restoration of basic conditions for economic growth, the promotion of stability and the creation of an enabling environment for sustainable development. The goal of the article is to demonstrate some historical examples as to the obstacles and threats of foreign direct investment for host countries, which Ukraine may face in its post-war economic recovery. The author reveals that the foreign investments along with the well-known positive side, also have a lesser known negative side. The paper shows that transnational corporations as major investors, having economic power and political influence, have the potential not only to speed up but also to slow down the development of the host country’s companies, which can have an adverse impact on business results and lead to significant problems including the denationalization of assets, loss of technological competencies and industries, increased external dependence, and various threats to national security and economic sovereignty. On the example of the pharmaceutical industry in Mexico, which appeared and started actively developing after the end of World War II, the key challenges and threats (caused by denationalization and transfer of production control to foreign business) are shown. The author formulates the basic warnings for Ukraine. It is substantiated that the determining factor whether foreign investment will stimulate economic modernization and structural changes or will slow down the country’s development, lead to de-industrialization, and denationalization of the economy and mass unemployment is the extent to which that investment will be integrated by the Government into national development plans, also to what extent the absorption potential of domestic economic entities will be able to implement investments and ensure their maximum effects.
Shared Decision-making in Palliative and End‑of‑life Care in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Godfrey Sarah , Barnes Alexis , Gao Jing , Katz Jason N , Chuzi Sarah
Published: September 2024

Patients and clinicians in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) are often tasked with making high-stakes decisions about aggressive or life-sustaining therapies. Shared decision-making (SDM), a collaborative process where patients and clinicians work together to make medical decisions that are aligned with a patient’s goals and values, is therefore highly relevant in the CICU, especially in the context of palliative or end-of-life decisions. Despite its importance, there are barriers to optimal integration and implementation of SDM. This review describes the fundamentals and models of SDM, the role of SDM in the CICU, and evidence-based strategies to promote SDM in the CICU.
Re-examining the role of population policies in climate action
Authors: Pachauri Shonali
Published: September 2024

With the global population surpassing eight billion in November 2022, I revisit the debate over incorporating population strategies in climate change mitigation efforts. In this perspective, I review diverse literature, questioning the efficacy of fertility choices for reducing carbon emissions and examining the moral equivalence of procreative and consumption decisions. I explore historical and contemporary debates, from Malthusian concerns to modern neo-Malthusian and demographic revisionist views. While larger populations generally lead to higher greenhouse gas emissions, I argue that reducing population growth is insufficient as a standalone climate strategy due to demographic momentum, and because it disregards existing disparities and structural inequalities. Instead, I emphasize the need for justice-centred approaches, advocating for voluntary, rights-based family planning, women’s empowerment and equitable resource access and distribution to address both population dynamics and affluent consumption patterns. My perspective calls for integrating ethical, cultural and justice considerations to balance environmental sustainability with human needs.
Wpływ rozwoju sztucznej inteligencji na bezpieczeństwo energetyczne oraz na zarządzanie inteligentnymi miastami
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Pietrewicz Marcin
Published: September 2024

The development of technology in recent years has carried with it the rise of new solutions aimed at simplifying many areas of life. One of them is artificial intelligence, the progress of which is definitely noticeable and undeniable. The purpose of the article is to present applications of AI in selected areas most important from the point of view of state management. Also, an attempt will be made to define artificial intelligence by interpreting its basic functions and objectives. The most important fields of AI activity from the point of view of the article are energy security and the development of smart cities. Many examples of solutions and software developed by various companies have been presented. Analysis of the implementation of artificial intelligence in the areas described has shown that today it supports the processes taking place in them, although it is not an essential element of their functioning, it carries significant development potential. In conclusion, it has been shown that the development of artificial intelligence is not free of risks, including overdependence on it, the replacement of human labor with machine labor, and if the development of AI will not encounter an obstacle in the form of undeveloped technology.
Ewolucja północnokoreańskiego systemu gospodarczego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Zaremba Michał
Published: September 2024

For decades, the North Korean economy has been considered one of the most closed, autarkic and centralized economies in the world. Although this situation began to change in the early 21st century, the economic situation is full of uncertainty and speculation. In this context, it is worth asking how economic changes are taking place and how the North Korean economic system is changing. The main goal of the article is to present the evolution of the North Korean economic system since the establishment of the DPRK and capturing specific features of adopted system. The work consists of four parts: the first one shows some remarks on the East Asian economic model, which constitutes the basis for the analysis of the North Korean model. The second part presents the functioning of the socialism system in the DPRK, while the third focuses on changes in the system after the fall of the Eastern Bloc until the death of Kim Jong-il. The last part is devoted to Kim Jong-un’s economic reforms and tries to show the current economic system of North Korea. The work ends with a conclusion summing up conducted considerations. The article uses various research methods, including primarily literature analysis, historical analysis, analysis of existing data and comparative analysis.
Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) in various grades of Stenosis of Coronary Artery Segments: An Autopsy-based Study
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College (Institute of Integrated Medical     Sciences), Palakkad-678013, Kerala, India., Balakrishnan Sheeja , Kumar B Senthil ,   Department of Anatomy, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and         Hospitals, Vinayaka Missions research Foundation (DU)Salem-636308, Tamil Nādu, India., P B Gujral  ,   Chief Consultant Forensic Medicine and Police Surgeon, Health Service, Kerala State. Kerala, India., Joseph K Jerry ,   Department of Forensic Medicine, District Hospital Palakkad, Kerala, India.
Published: September 2024

Background: VEGF has been reported as an important factor promoting collateral formation in Ischemic Cardiac diseases. However, the complete mechanism and factors affecting VEGF expression during Acute myocardial infarction are not fully understood. The present study aims to correlate the effect of Diabetes Mellitus on VEGF expression in endothelial cells in various grades of Coronary artery stenosis. Materials and Methods: Selective coronary angiography of both right and left coronary arteries was done to know the grade of occlusion in autopsy samples with a history of sudden cardiac death.5cm slice, of coronary artery segments were taken at the level of the highest grade of stenosis. Decedents hearts were selected as the control and cases based on patients history and 3D image build after selective coronary Angiography (without any coronary occlusion). In control group segments were taken from the proximal part of both the Right and left coronary arteries for Analysis. A routine histo-technique was done to grade the stenosis in case study group on sections taken at the level of maximum occlusion. Immunohistochemical staining was done in all sections to know the VEGF expression of endothelial cells and infiltrated Monocyte. VEGF expression was then correlated based on the grades of stenosis, presence of cardiovascular risk factors like diabetes mellites and hypertension. Results: The Coronary artery with less than 90% stenosis showed no substantial VEGF expression. A statistical significance was found when the VEGF expression was correlated with the various grade of stenosis and the presence of cardiovascular risk factors like diabetes Mellitus. Conclusion: Considerable variation was shown in the Monocyte migration and expression of the VEGF in the endothelial cells of the coronary artery in Diabetic patients in higher grade of stenosis. Impaired monocyte migration might explain the reduced arteriogenic potential in diabetic patients when corelated with the control group. KEYWORDS: Coronary artery disease, Selective Coronary Angiography, VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor), Arteriogenesis, Angiogenesis, Diabetes mellitus.
Anti-neuronal Autoantibody Type 1 (Anti-Hu) Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndrome Causing Jaw Dystonia
Authors: Conway Joseph , Havard Katherine , Abbatemarco Justin , Aboseif Albert , Maly Emily , Kunchok Amy , Soni Payal , Liao James
Published: September 2024

Anti-neuronal nuclear autoantibody type1 (ANNA-1), or anti-Hu, paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome (PNS) classically manifests with sensory neuronopathy and encephalomyelitis. We describe a rare case of anti-ANNA-1 PNS presenting with marked jaw dystonia and cognitive impairment. Her symptoms complicated the evaluation for an underlying malignancy and severely impacted her functional status due to malnutrition and increased disability. Symptomatic management focused on reducing the severity of jaw dystonia, which improved her overall function and allowed for treatment of her underlying malignancy.
ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ РЕСУРС СЕТЕВЫХ КОММУНИКАЦИЙ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННО-ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ
Authors: ПЕРЕПЕЛИЦА Елена Васильевна
Published: September 2024

Взаимодействие в прокси-режиме дает массу неоценимых преимуществ и практических улучшений. Общество информационно-цифровых коммуникаций переживает решительные перемены. Однако прогресс взаимоотношений между людьми не достигается технологическими способами, как полагали и декларировали техноутописты. Изобилие онлайн-платформ не обращает оппонентов в единомышленников и автоматически не снимает разногласия. Под действием прорывных технологий возможны преображения и падения. Коммуникационные средства не вдохнули новые жизненные силы в демократию, их ресурс позволяет имитировать бурную гражданскую активность и принимать нужные, заведомо согласованные решения, минуя какую-либо общественную верификацию. Опыт различных государств, в том числе технологически преуспевающих, показывает, что делиберативное участие граждан в публичном дискурсе — желаемое состояние и одновременно задача огромной степени сложности, окончательных способов решения которой пока нет.
Сетевые коммуникации используются, как правило, монофункционально, а именно для передачи информации от государства — обществу, отчасти поэтому высокая технологическая оснащенность управленческих структур принципиально не меняет степень участия граждан в разработке юридически значимых решений. Посчитав смысл коммуникации окончательно раскрытым и равным передаче-получению информации, мы не даем себе труда расширить рамки анализа онлайн-взаимодействия. Тем не менее интеракции с участием людей настраиваются по более тонкому и чувствительному камертону, нежели (пере)направление контента между высокотехнологическими устройствами. В этой связи предлагается посмотреть немного иначе на правовую сущность сетевых коммуникаций — не так, как это принято в информационном праве. Функциональный ресурс сетевых коммуникаций может служить обеспечению доступности процесса разработки и принятия юридически значимых решений, демократизации юридических процедур, созданию действенных механизмов обратной связи и контроля. Утверждается, что глубокое знание природы социального взаимодействия позволит употреблять функционал технологических инноваций в созидательном ключе и выстраивать релевантную модель правового регулирования удаленных общественно-государственных интеракций.
ПОСТРОЕНИЕ И АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРАВАМИ НА ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
Authors: НАУМОВ Виктор Борисович
Published: September 2024

Обобщен обширный многолетний опыт реализации проектов по созданию систем управления интеллектуальной собственностью и правами на технологии в крупных российских промышленных, технологических и финансовых холдингах. Представлена и проанализирована методология управления интеллектуальной собственностью и приведены ее основные объекты, даны характеристики процессов принятия решения в сфере управления нематериальными активами и приведены примеры автоматизации соответствующих бизнес-процессов. Рассмотрены теоретико-правовые вопросы охраны прав на технологии.
Vocational Education: The New Development and Change in the Adaptive Curriculum of Learning Model
Authors: Barliana M. Syaom , Alhapip Leli , Ana Ana , Rahmawati Yulia , Muktiarni Muktiarni , Dwiyanti Vina
Published: September 2024

The challenges with vocational education are that graduates are not prepared to work because they do not have the competencies required by the business industry. The graduates from vocational high school have a high unemployment rate because the curriculum is not in line with the needs of the business industry and also graduates standards are quite low. The research aimed to find a solution to these problems. One of the solutions that could be explored was by implementing an integrated learning curriculum model in vocational education. Adaptive curriculum policy is a curriculum that is modified and adapted when necessary, and each educational unit is allowed to innovate. The research method used was a systematic literature review on journals from the last ten years relating to adaptive curriculum and vocational education. The result showed that learning with an integrated curriculum model explored the greatest potential of teachers and students to innovate and improve the quality of learning independently. This promotes the development of working opportunities in the business and industrial sectors, creating high-quality of vocational school graduates with a high degree of skills and characters to become professional workers that are ready to compete in the global era and also creating confident graduates who have the entrepreneurial capacity.
Improving Architectural Drawing Students' Achievement by Coalescing Computer-Aided Design with the Compass Method
Authors: Olabiyi Oladiran Stephen
Published: September 2024

This study combined computer-aided design with compass approaches, employing quasi-experimental design pre-test, post-test, and a non-equivalent control group, to improve the cognitive performance of architectural drawing students. The  study addressed three objectives and investigated three null hypotheses. Thestudy's target audience was 125 senior secondary year two architectural drawing students. The experimental group received ten weeks of training using the marker board compass approach, while the control group received ten weeks of instruction using computer-aided design. Data was collected using the Architectural Drawing Achievement Test, which has a reliability rate of 0.86 using Kuder-Richardson 21. Three experts validated the test's face and content. The results revealed that the experimental group's students performed more effectively at architectural drawing than those in the control group. The cognitive achievement of students is significantly influenced by gender, favouring males. Additionally, in the area of architectural drawing, high-achievers students outperformed lowachievers students by barely. Based on these results, it was suggested that senior secondary schools in Nigeria teach architectural drawing using a combination of computer-aided design and the compass method.
Strategies and training programs for the reigning champions in LKS competition
Authors: Kurniawan Sandi , Perianto Agus
Published: September 2024

The Student Competency Competition (LKS) is an annual the Director of Vocational School Development (DITPSMK) agenda that aims to get the best students from each region to compete nationally and represent Indonesia globally. Becoming the defending champion in the LKS competition takes work, and many factors determine the contestants' success. One factor that determines the defending champion's success in the LKS competition is the strategy and training program used in competing. Strategies and training programs are designed to prepare and ensure LKS participants are ready to participate in competitions and become champions. This research focuses on finding and presenting data on strategies and training programs for defending champions in LKS competitions. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive research, and the research informants were contestants and supervisors who succeeded in becoming the defending champions in the LKS competition. Data collection using interviews, observation, and documentation was expected to answer the research focus. The results of the research found that the strategies carried out by the defending champions in the LKS competition were divided into four crucial components: school, family, stakeholder, and financial components. The management system and collaboration between the four components is the key to the success of the defending champion in the competition. The training programs include spiritual, physical, knowledge, and skills training. The training program is designed and supervised by supervisors and all productive teachers in the school. The synergy between strategy and training programs is the key to the success of the defending champion in LKS in competing.
Unlocking the potential of vocational skills: How vocational high school students' preferences for teachers' use of digital technology influence telecommunication technical skills
Authors: Pratiwi Anisa Ihsanul , Abdullah Ade Gaffar , Mukhidin Mukhidin
Published: September 2024

Digital competence is crucial for teachers to utilize digital technology in the current era of learning. Especially for vocational high school teachers, face the challenge of designing effective learning strategies by harnessing digital technology to enhance students' vocational skills. The research aims to investigate vocational high school students' preferences regarding the use of digital technology by teachers and its influence on their vocational skills in VSAT (Vocational Satellite). While this topic has been rarely studied among vocational high school students, understanding students' perception of teachers' digital competence and its impact on their vocational skills can provide valuable insights into how digital technology usage can enhance vocational skills and better prepare students for success in the workforce. This study employs a quantitative method with descriptive and simple linear regression analysis. Data collection involved distributing questionnaires directly and online through Google Forms, which were voluntarily filled out by 123 students from three SMKs in the Bandung and Cimahi regions. The research findings reveal that students' preferences for teachers' use of digital technology fall under the good category, with an assessment interval of 78.2%. Additionally, a positive influence is found between vocational high school students' preferences for teachers' use of digital technology and their vocational skills in VSAT. The study is expected to provide valuable input for teachers and schools to implement teaching methods that support the development of students' vocational skills through optimal utilization of digital technology.
PIPER PLANTS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE CONTROL OF AEDES AEGYPTI AND AEDES ALBOPICTUS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Lima Marcos Martins , Lima Tamires de Moura , Bandeira Kaio da Silva , Leite Rafael Costa , Rodrigues João Gustavo Mendes , Silva Miranda Guilherme
Published: September 2024

Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus are the main vectors of severe arboviruses. Plant-derived natural products may represent an important source of secondary metabolites for controlling these vectors. Therefore, we performed an integrative literature review on the effectiveness of Piper spp. as natural alternative to the control of A. aegypti and A. albopictus in experimental assays. We searched the scientific databases available in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2002 and 2022. A total of 225 articles were preselected; however, 41 studies were evaluated in detail after applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria. We observed the use of 43 different species of Piper, of which Piper aduncum (n=9, 21%) was the most commonly used. The plant structures most commonly used in bioassays were the leaves (n = 28; 68%), which were processed as crude extracts (n = 23; 56%) to evaluate the larvicidal effect (n = 36; 88%) on A. aegypti (n = 40; 97.5%). The best LC50 (lethal concentration capable of killing 50% of the organism of interest) was observed for the extract of P. hispidum leaves against larvae. The secondary metabolites frequently found in natural products derived from Piper were: α-selinene, β-pinene, pelitorin, E-caryophyllene, linalool, and germacrene D. The review synthesises knowledge generated over 20 years to confirm the potential of Piper in controlling A. aegypti and A. albopictus. Our data indicate that further studies on these plants can be performed to discover alternative tools for controlling the populations of these vectors.
Difficulties of primary diagnosis in patients with suspected systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Abdulkhalikova Z. K. , Barabanshchikova M. V. , Baykov V. V. , Barkhatov I. M. , Morozova E. V. , Moiseev I. S.
Published: September 2024

Background. Mastocytosis is a rare myeloproliferative disease based on clonal hematopoiesis of mast cells, with accumulation of mast cells in various tissues and organs. The cutaneous mastocytosis is common in the pediatric population and, in general, progression to aggressive forms is not typical. In the adult population, there is systemic mastocytosis with a predominance of indolent and smoldering forms according to the literature, but there aren’t epidemiological data for the Russian Federation.

Aim. To evaluate the results of primary diagnostics obtained during the examination of 70 patients with suspected systemic mastocytosis.

Materials and methods. The histological studies of the skin and bone marrow, mutations in the c-kit gene in the bone marrow and serum tryptase level were examined in the Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation in accordance with WHO 2017 criteria.

Results. The diagnostic results of 70 patients with suspected mastocytosis, the diagnosis was confirmed in 71.4 % (n = 50) of patients, of which systemic mastocytosis accounted for 82 % (n = 41). The 2 most common categories were identified: indolent systemic mastocytosis in 23 (56 %) patients and widespread forms in 15 (36.5 %), with a median time of diagnosis of 12 and 5 years, respectively.

Conclusion. The late diagnosis is noted in all subgroups of systemic mastocytosis.
Mosunetuzumab for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma: a case study
Authors: Krylova Ya. V. , Kondakova E. V. , Gavrilenko A. N. , Chekalov A. M. , Fedorova L. V. , Stelmakh L. V. , Babenko E. V. , Shchegoleva T. S. , Gusak A. A. , Baykov V. V. , Mikhailova N. B. , Kulagin A. D.
Published: September 2024

Recent advances in the diagnosis and understanding of follicular lymphoma (FL) pathogenesis have had a significant impact on therapeutic tactics. The life expectancy of patients has increased significantly. Currently, the 5-year overall survival of FL patients achieved 90 %, and its median is approaching 20 years. However, FL remains an incurable disease with periods of remission and relapse, requiring multiple therapy courses throughout the patient’s life.

The main problem is the treatment of patients with refractory/relapsed forms, especially after 3rd line of therapy, as well as with a primarily resistant course and early (in the first 2 years) relapses. Therefore, despite the indolent FL course in most patients, there remains a need for new drugs that can ensure increased treatment efficacy with minimal toxicity and simultaneously maintain a high quality of life, mainly in the presence of primary refractoriness, early progression and in later lines of therapy. In recent years, new targeted drugs have been studied – phosphoinositide 3-kinase, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 inhibitors, as well as immunological drugs (CAR-T therapy (CAR – chimeric antigen receptor) and bispecific antibodies).

The article presents the possibilities of treatment for refractory/relapsed FL as 3rd and subsequent therapy lines.
Thrombodynamics test efficacy in predicting thromboembolic complications in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Ignatyev S. V. , Lyanguzov A. V. , Paramonov I. V.
Published: September 2024

Background. Patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) are at increased risk of developing venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC). Existing risk assessment systems for VTEC (Khorana, Vienna, ThroLy, etc.) do not have sufficient prognostic accuracy in this patient population. The thrombodynamics test may improve the prognosis of VTEC and optimize the prophylactic use of anticoagulants in these patients.

Aim. To evaluate thrombodynamics test efficacy in assessing the risk of venous VTEC in LPD patients.

Materials and methods. Medical data of 990 patients with LPD who received treatment at the Kirov Research Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion from 2019 to 2021 were analyzed. Coagulation parameters were evaluated at admission, as well as the risk of developing VTEC by prognostic scales Khorana, Vienna, ThroLy, SAVED, and Padua. Data are presented as median and interquartile range. Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare two independent groups. Correlation was determined using Spearman’s rank correlation. Logistic regression was used to determine dependencies. The diagnostic value of laboratory tests was established through ROC analysis.

Results. In the overall cohort of LPD patients, the incidence of VTEC was 2.1 %. Screening coagulogram parameters in these patients did not exceed reference values. Patients with LPD who developed VTEC initially showed a significant increase in clot velocity (V), initial growth velocity (Vi), and clot size (Cs). It was found that the presence of spontaneous clots significantly increased the chances of developing a thrombotic event (odds ratio 3.99; 95 % confidence interval 1.56–10.22; p = 0.004). It was also determined that V velocity is an independent predictor of VTEC (adjusted odds ratio 1.053; 95 % confidence interval 1.016–1.090; p = 0.0046). The AUC determined by ROC analysis for the V parameter was 0.722 (threshold value 30.7 μm/min sensitivity 81 %, specificity 57.4 %).

Conclusion. Clot growth velocity is the most informative parameter of thrombodynamics test in predicting VTEC.
Retrospective analysis of own long-term experience in studying the BCR::ABL kinase domain mutational status in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kustova D. V. , Motyko E. V. , Kirienko A. N. , Gert T. N. , Leppyanen I. V. , Bakay M. P. , Efremova E. V. , Morozova E. V. , Lomaia E. G. , Shuvaev V. A. , Sidorkevich S. V. , Martynkevich I. S.
Published: September 2024

Background. Most patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors achieve durable optimal responses. Loss of the achieved molecular response is observed in 15–30 % of patients. Mutations in the BCR::ABL kinase domain are one of the most common mechanisms for the development of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Aim. To conduct a retrospective analysis of the BCR::ABL kinase domain mutational profile in patients with CML observed at the Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology from 2012 to 2023. To assess the impact of mutations type and number on the rate of achieving a major molecular response (MMR). To study the risk of MMR loss depending on the therapy line and existing mutational status.

Materials and methods. 1831 patients with CML were examined at different times. The mutational status of the BCR::ABL kinase domain was analyzed by direct Sanger sequencing. A standard cytogenetic study was carried out using GTG banding technology with the analysis of at least 20 metaphase plates.

Results. Mutations in the BCR::ABL kinase domain were identified in 27.6 % of the total studied patients. The most common mutation, 6.3 % in the overall group or 22.7 % among patients with mutations, was the T315I mutation. Additional chromosomal aberrations (ACAs) were detected in Ph-positive cells in 20.5 % of patients, in Ph-negative clones in 3.9 % of cases (p = 0.0001). The frequency of ACAs detection did not statistically significantly differ (p = 0.25) between patients with BCR::ABL mutations (23.5 %) and with a negative mutation status (17.7 %), and the presence of mutations in the kinase domain did not correlate with ACAs in Ph-positive clones (p = 0.73). However, the frequency of T315I mutation detection in Ph-positive cells had significant differences: 40.9 % in combination with ACAs and 21 % without ACAs (p = 0.032). Patients with the T315I mutation had significantly worse MMR than patients with mutations in other BCR::ABL regions (p = 0.04) and patients without mutations (p = 0.02). The probability of MMR achieving did not differ significantly between patients with different numbers of BCR::ABL mutations (p = 0.14). Loss of MMR occurred more often in patients with mutations (p = 0.04) and not depend on the line of therapy (p = 0.03).

Conclusion. For complete monitoring and optimal choice of therapy, CML patients require not only monitoring of BCR::ABL relative expression level, but also standard cytogenetic and analysis of the mutational status.
From Panorama to Parking Garage: An Architectural and Archival History of the Toronto Cyclorama
Authors: Gapp Isabelle , Mace Jessica
Published: September 2024

This text presents an architectural and archival history of the Toronto Cyclorama, built 1887 and demolished in 1976. Through an examination of its genesis and changing uses over time—as a cyclorama, machine hall, then parking garage—the text unveils its history, situating it within the scope of Toronto’s architectural heritage and North American cyclorama buildings. With this text, the authors also champion the study of all kinds of local art and architecture rather than just those deemed to have superlative qualities, and provide a case study for the value of adaptive reuse and its inclusion in architectural histories.
Peran Media Pembelajaran dalam Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Haptanti Frida Septy , Hikmah Miftahul , Basuki Imam Agus
Published: September 2024

Di era kontemporer, integrasi teknologi informasi dalam pendidikan telah menjadi hal yang lazim dan penting. Teknologi menawarkan berbagai keuntungan yang dapat secara signifikan meningkatkan kegiatan pendidikan, seperti penyederhanaan dalam penyampaian materi pembelajaran serta peningkatan pemahaman siswa. Salah satu aspek penting dalam pendidikan adalah media pembelajaran, yang merupakan kombinasi dari dua elemen utama: media dan pembelajaran. Media pembelajaran memainkan peran yang krusial dalam mendukung proses belajar mengajar, terutama dalam konteks pendidikan di Indonesia. Dalam kajian ini, media pembelajaran dikategorikan menjadi tiga jenis utama: media visual yang hanya dapat dilihat, media audio yang hanya dapat didengar, dan media audiovisual yang dapat dilihat dan didengar secara bersamaan. Setiap jenis media memiliki karakteristik dan fungsi yang berbeda, yang berkontribusi pada berbagai aspek dari pengalaman belajar. Penelitian ini, yang bersifat kualitatif dan menggunakan metode tinjauan pustaka, bertujuan untuk menjelaskan secara mendalam peran dan manfaat media pembelajaran dalam konteks pendidikan di Indonesia, serta bagaimana teknologi dapat dioptimalkan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan yang lebih efektif.
PENGEMBANGAN LEARNING MANAGEMENT PLATFORM BERBASIS WEB MATERI TATA SURYA KELAS VII SMP SEBAGAI UPAYA KEBERPIHAKAN PADA PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Rida Rida , El Lady , Setiawan Setiawan , Deny Deny
Published: September 2024

Penelitian dan pengembangan ini, bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk akhir berbentuk Learning Management Platform Berbasis WEB Materi Tata Surya Kelas VII SMP sebagai upaya keberpihakan pembelajaran kepada peserta didik. Produk ini disusun dengan memperhatikan gaya belajar peserta didik. Terdiri dari 3 sub topik, produk ini memiliki Halaman Utama, Menu Utama, Bagian Apersepsi, Topik Pembelajaran, LKPD terintegrasi Live worksheets, bahan ajar dengan konten media yang benarik baik video maupaun gambar, juga terdapat kuis yang menarik, terdapat lembar refleksi, serta memuat informasi kreator. Learning Management Platform Berbasis WEB Materi Tata Surya Kelas VII SMP dapat digunakan secara daring menggunakan perangkat apapun dan dimanapun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk Learning Management Platform Berbasis WEB Materi Tata Surya Kelas VII SMP telah mengakomodasi seluruh jenis kebutuhan gaya belajar peserta didik dengan menghadirkan konten materi dan konten media yang beragam.