bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Imines from Nitrobenzene and TiO2 Particles Suspended in Alcohols via Semiconductor Photocatalysis Type B.
Authors: Rios‐Berny Omar , Flores Sergio O. , Cordova Ivan , Valenzuela Miguel A.
Published: July 2010

Low power black light photolysis of a solution of nitrobenzene in simple aliphatic alcohols in the presence of suspended titanium dioxide results in formation of small amounts of imines and for longer aliphatic chains together with aniline as direct reduction product.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Difluoroalkyl Propargylic Ketones and Their Use for the Preparation of Fluorinated Heterocycles.
Authors: Bannwarth Pierre , Gree Danielle , Gree Rene
Published: July 2010

Simple and efficient synthetic routes to gem‐difluoro‐ynones are established.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Conversion of Benzylamines to Imines via Atmospheric Oxidation in the Presence of VO(Hhpic)2 Catalyst.
Authors: Kodama Shintaro , Yoshida Jun , Nomoto Akihiro , Ueta Yukihiro , Yano Shigenobu , Ueshima Michio , Ogawa Akiya
Published: July 2010

The oxovanadium complex is successfully applied for the selective oxidation of benzylamines to N‐(benzylidene)benzylamines.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of Chiral N‐Heterocyclic Carbene—Borane and —Diorganoborane Complexes and Their Use in the Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones.
Authors: Lindsay David M. , McArthur David
Published: July 2010

Chiral N‐heterocyclic carbene‐borane and ‐diborane complexes are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation of Allyl Grignard Reagents via Titanocene‐Catalyzed Activation of Allyl Halides.
Authors: Fleury Lauren M. , Ashfeld Brandon L.
Published: July 2010

The conditions avoid the formation of Wuertz‐coupling by‐products.
ChemInform Abstract: Cost Efficient Synthesis of Amides from Oximes with Indium or Zinc Catalysts.
Authors: Allen C. Liana , Burel Celine , Williams Jonathan M. J.
Published: July 2010

Zinc nitrate, zinc chloride and indium nitrate are identified as efficient cheap catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Ligand‐Free Copper‐Catalyzed C—S Cross‐Coupling of Thiols with Aryl Iodides Using KF/Al2O3 as Base.
Authors: Feng Yi‐Si , Li Yuan‐Yuan , Tang Lin , Wu Wei , Xu Hua‐Jian
Published: July 2010

Under optimized conditions, various aryl iodides can be coupled with aliphatic and aromatic mercaptans.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Attack of 2‐Sulfinyl Acrylates: A Mild and General Approach to Sulfenic Acid Anions.
Authors: Singh Suneel P. , O'Donnell Jennifer S. , Schwan Adrian L.
Published: July 2010

Reaction of sulfinyl acrylates, e.g. (I), with various nucleophiles like lithium cyclohexanethiolate, sodium methoxide or butyllithium generates the corresponding lithium or sodium sulfenates which subsequently react with alkyl halides to give sulfoxides, e.g. (III), (V), (VIII) or (X).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Powerful Strategy for the Organocatalytic Asymmetric Construction of a Quaternary Carbon Stereogenic Center.
Authors: Inokoishi Yogo , Sasakura Niiha , Nakano Keiji , Ichikawa Yoshiyasu , Kotsuki Hiyoshizo
Published: July 2010

Robinson‐type annulation, catalyzed by a combination of chiral diamine/chiral diacid,renders possible the preparation of cyclohexenone derivatives with moderate yields and high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimerization of Phenols and Naphthols Using an Aqueous Sodium Hypochlorite.
Authors: Neelamegam Ramesh , Palatnik Matthew T. , Fraser‐Rini James , Slifstein Mark , Abi‐Dargham Anissa , Easwaramoorthy Balu
Published: July 2010

The process allows a simple preparation of symmetrical biphenyls and BINOL (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3/PPh3‐Catalyzed Sonogashira Coupling Reaction of Aryl Iodides with Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Sawant Dinesh N. , Tambade Pawan J. , Wagh Yogesh S. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: July 2010

The optimized conditions are applied to a broad spectrum of substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile, One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized Spiro‐Oxindoles via Vinylogous Aldol Reaction of Vinyl Malononitriles with Isatin Derivatives in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Babu Thelagathoti Hari , Karthik K. , Perumal Paramasivan T.
Published: July 2010

The initial reaction of diones (I), (IV) and (IX) with the malononitriles is followed by an intramolecular cyclization and isomerization to give the desired spiro compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzofuran Derivatives by Palladium‐Catalyzed Reaction of Propargylic Esters with Substituted β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Yoshida Masahiro , Higuchi Mariko , Shishido Kozo
Published: July 2010

The products, having fragments of many natural products, are obtained with complete diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Synthesis of 2,3,5‐Substituted Thiophenes by C—H Activation/Borylation/Suzuki Coupling.
Authors: Kallepalli Venkata A. , Sanchez Luis , Li Hao , Gesmundo Nathan J. , Turton Clarissa L. , Maleczka Robert E. Jr. , Smith Milton R. III
Published: July 2010

Iridium‐catalyzed C‐H borylation of chlorotrimethylsilylthiophene (III) yields compound (V), the key compound in the synthetic approach to (X), a cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitor.
ChemInform Abstract: New Xanthate‐Based Radical Cyclization onto Alkynes.
Authors: El Kaim Laurent , Grimaud Laurence , Miranda Luis D. , Vieu Emilie , Cano‐Herrara M.‐Angeles , Perez‐Labrada Karel
Published: July 2010

To bypass the failure of radical cyclization involving a xanthate transfer on alkynes, a new reductive cyclization strategy is completed with the use of a stoichiometric amount of dilauroyl peroxide in iPrOH.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Bis(imidazolidine)pyridine—Cu(OTf)2: Catalytic Asymmetric Endo‐Selective [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Imino Esters with Nitroalkenes.
Authors: Arai Takayoshi , Mishiro Asami , Yokoyama Naota , Suzuki Kuniko , Sato Hiroyasu
Published: July 2010

A new bis(imidazolidine)pyridine ligand is easily synthesized in a single condensation of 2,6‐pyridyl bisaldehyde and optically active diphenylethylenediamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxindole Synthesis by Palladium‐Catalyzed Aromatic C—H Alkenylation.
Authors: Ueda Satoshi , Okada Takahiro , Nagasawa Hideko
Published: July 2010

In the presence of a Pd‐catalyst and AgOCOCF3 as an oxidant, N‐cinnamoylanilines (I), (IV) and (VI) afford 3‐alkylidenoxindoles via an intramolecular C—H alkenylation reaction in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Hydroxy‐3‐indolinones and 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐indolinones by Anionic Cyclization, in situ Oxidation and Rearrangement.
Authors: Coldham Iain , Adams Harry , Ashweek Neil J. , Barker Thomas A. , Reeder Andrew T. , Skilbeck Melanie C.
Published: July 2010

Regioselective lithiation of N,N‐dibenzyl anthranilic amides of type (I) results in formation of the cyclization products (II) after exposure to air.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel, Convenient, and Efficient Procedure for the Synthesis of Spiroisoindoline‐1,5′‐oxazolidine Derivatives.
Authors: Mohammadizadeh Mohammad Reza , Firoozi Neda
Published: July 2010

Ninhydrin reacts with ureas to give dihydroxy indeno‐imidazolodione intermediates which undergo oxidative cleavage to title compounds (III) in the presence of Pb(IV) acetate.
ChemInform Abstract: p‐TsOH Promoted Fischer Indole Synthesis of Multi‐Substituted 2‐Trifluoromethyl Indole Derivatives.
Authors: Jiang Haizhen , Wang Yangli , Hao Jian
Published: July 2010

A variety of the biologically significant target compounds is prepared trifluoromethyl ketones and aryl hydrazines in a one‐pot manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Allylic Alkylation of Indoles with Butadiene Promoted by Palladium Catalyst and Triethylborane.
Authors: Kimura Masanari , Tohyama Katsumi , Yamaguchi Yumi , Kohno Tomohiko
Published: July 2010

The combination of Pd(0) catalyst and Et3B effectively activates butadiene (II) to undergo the C‐allylation of indoles (I) via oligomerization of the diene (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Addition of Hetaryllithium Compounds to 3‐Nitro‐1‐(phenylsulfonyl)indole: Synthesis of Tetracyclic Thieno[3,2‐c]‐δ‐carbolines.
Authors: Alford Philip E. , Kishbaugh Tara L. S. , Gribble Gordon W.
Published: July 2010

3‐Nitro‐1‐(phenylsulfonyl)indole undergoes addition of aryl‐ and hetaryllithium nucleophiles to produce 2‐substituted‐3‐nitroindoles.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Convenient High Yielding Synthesis of Substituted Isoindolines.
Authors: Smith Keith , El‐Hiti Gamal A. , Hegazy Amany S. , Fekri Ahmed
Published: July 2010

TFAA‐induced cyclocondensation of compounds of type (I) yields isoindolines (II).
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Arylation of 3‐Alkoxypyrazoles: The Case of the Pyridines.
Authors: Guillou Sandrine , Bonhomme Frederic J. , Chahine Di Betina , Nesme Olivier , Janin Yves L.
Published: July 2010

N‐pyridylation of various pyrazole derivatives using 2‐, 3‐ and 4‐bromopyridines is investigated using the microwave heating with the 2‐bromopyridine affording the best results [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Imines to Allyl Alcohol Utilizing Tartaric Acid Ester as a Chiral Auxiliary.
Authors: Tanaka Katsuyoshi , Kato Tomomitsu , Ukaji Yutaka , Inomata Katsuhiko
Published: July 2010

In this alternative procedure azomethine imines (I) are treated with a Lewis acid, followed by addition of allyl alcohol (II), the chiral auxiliary, and a Grignard reagent to achieve regio‐ and enantioselective cycloaddition of azomethine imines (I) to allyl alcohol (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of 1‐Carboxymethyl‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐5‐hydroxy‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazoles under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Martins Marcos A. P. , Beck Paulo H. , Moreira Dayse N. , Buriol Lilian , Frizzo Clarissa P. , Zanatta Nilo , Bonacorso Helio G.
Published: July 2010

The mechanism for the dehydration and unexpected loss of the methyl carboxylate group at higher temperatures is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Bicyclic Imidazoles for Modular Synthesis of Chiral Imidazolium Salts.
Authors: Yoshida Kazuhiro , Horiuchi Shingo , Takeichi Tomoko , Shida Hiroaki , Imamoto Tsuneo , Yanagisawa Akira
Published: July 2010

A variety of mono‐ and bis‐imidazolium salts is prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparative Synthesis of 2‐[3‐Alkoxy‐4‐(hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy)phenyl]‐1H‐benzimidazoles Proceeding from Substituted Benzaldehydes.
Authors: Dikusar E. A. , Potkin V. I.
Published: July 2010

The new, functionally substituted title compounds (III) (35 examples) are obtained by reaction of phenylenediamine (I) with aldehydes of the vanillin series, their ethers and esters in the presence of sodium hydrogensulfite.
ChemInform Abstract: Utilization of the Suzuki Coupling to Enhance the Antituberculosis Activity of Aryloxazoles.
Authors: Moraski Garrett C. , Franzblau Scott G. , Miller Marvin J.
Published: July 2010

A three‐step process enables access to aryl oxazoles via formation of β‐hydroxy amides (III), cyclization to oxazolines (IV), and dehydration to provide oxazoles (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient and Versatile Pd‐Catalyzed Direct Alkynylation of Both Azoles and Azolines.
Authors: Kim Seok Hwan , Chang Sukbok
Published: July 2010

Aromatic and aliphatic bromoacetylenes are applied to the reaction with a variety of the heterocyclic compounds as oxazoles, benzoxazoles, imidazoles, benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles and a fused oxazole.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Sugar Allyltin Derivatives for the Preparation of Heterocyclic Compounds.
Authors: Magdycz Marta , Cmoch Piotr , Jarosz Slawomir
Published: July 2010

The controlled fragmentation of sugar allyltin derivative of D‐glucose provides dienoaldehyde (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Memory of Chirality in the Electrochemical Oxidation of Thiazolidine‐4‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Wanyoike George Ng'aNg'a , Matsumura Yoshihiro , Kuriyama Masami , Onomura Osamu
Published: July 2010

Several thiazolidine compounds are synthesized and electrochemically oxidized in methanol.
ChemInform Abstract: “Click” Synthesis of Nonsymmetrical Bis(1,2,3‐triazoles).
Authors: Aizpurua Jesus M. , Azcune Itxaso , Fratila Raluca M. , Balentova Eva , Sagartzazu‐Aizpurua Maialen , Miranda Jose I.
Published: July 2010

A wide scope of triazoles and azides can be used and only aromatic azides [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐(Propargyl)diazenecarboxamides for “Click” Conjugation and Their 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions with Azidoalkylamines in the Presence of Cu(II).
Authors: Urankar Damijana , Steinbuecher Miha , Kosjek Jaka , Kosmrlj Janez
Published: July 2010

Preparation of diazenes (VI) in three steps from hydrazine hydrochlorides is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐(1,2,5‐Oxadiazol‐3‐yl)‐1H‐tetrazoles from 3‐Cyano‐1,2,5‐oxadiazoles.
Authors: Godovikova T. I. , Vorontsova S. K. , Konyushkin L. D. , Firgang S. I. , Rakitin O. A.
Published: July 2010

Starting from reactive 1,2,5‐oxadiazole‐3,4‐dicarbonitrile (I), single‐ and two‐step tetrazole syntheses are performed.
ChemInform Abstract: Methyl Insertion Reactions of Tetrahydropyrans Having a C1′‐Mesyloxy Group on the C2‐Side Chain with Trimethylaluminum.
Authors: Nakamura Keigo , Kimishima Atsushi , Nakata Tadashi
Published: July 2010

Methyl insertion reactions of title compounds (I), (IV), (V) and (VII) with trimethylaluminum (II) are investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of Arenes with Epoxides Promoted by Fluorinated Alcohols or Water.
Authors: Li Guo‐Xing , Qu Jin
Published: July 2010

A series of 3‐chromanols (IV) is readily synthesized by stereoselective intramolecular cyclization of epoxides (III) in refluxing 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoro‐2‐propanol.
ChemInform Abstract: PEG‐400 Catalyzed Reaction of the Synthesis of 2,4,6‐Triarylpyridines and Crystal Structure of 2,4,6‐Tris(4′‐chlorophenyl)pyridine.
Authors: He Qingpeng , Wang Jianyong , Feng Ruokun
Published: July 2010

A new and operationally simple procedure for the one‐pot synthesis of triarylpyridines (III) mediated by PEG‐400 under solvent‐free and microwave irradiation conditions is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐4‐quinolones by Chiral Broensted Acid Catalyzed Intramolecular Aza‐Michael Addition Reaction.
Authors: Feng Zhen , Xu Qing‐Long , Dai Li‐Xin , You Shu‐Li
Published: July 2010

The title reaction of activated α,β‐unsaturated ketones (I) catalyzed by chiral N‐triflyl phosphoramide is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Thiourea‐Catalyzed Cationic Polycyclizations.
Authors: Knowles Robert R. , Lin Song , Jacobsen Eric N.
Published: July 2010

A new thiourea catalyst is reported for the enantioselective cationic polycyclization of hydroxylactams.
ChemInform Abstract: A Green Procedure for the Synthesis of 1,8‐Dioxodecahydroacridine Derivatives under Microwave Irradiation in Aqueous Media Without Catalyst.
Authors: Tang Zi‐Qiang , Chen Yan , Liu Chang‐Ning , Cai Ke‐Ying , Tu Shu‐Jiang
Published: July 2010

The reaction tolerates a wide variety of differently substituted aldehydes and arylamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Diversity‐Oriented Approach to 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinoline‐3‐carboxylic Acid (TIC) Derivatives Using Diethyl Acetaminomalonate as a Glycine Equivalent: Further Expansion by Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Misra Shilpi , Krishna Nimita Gopal , Devunuri Nagaraju , Hopf Henning , Keecherikunnel Abhilash
Published: July 2010

Various 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline‐3‐carboxylic acid (Tic) derivatives of type (III), (V), (VII), and (IX) are prepared from dibromo(chloro) derivatives and diethyl acetaminomalonate (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some Novel Polyaza Fused Heterocyclic Compounds.
Authors: Abdelrazek Fathy M. , Metwally Nadia H. , Kassab Nazmi A. , Sobhy Nehal A. , Metz Peter , Jaeger Anna
Published: July 2010

The dimerization of dinitrile (I) is accompanied by a rearrangement to afford dihydropyrimidine derivative (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Single‐Crystal X‐Ray Diffraction Analysis of New Heterocyclic Colored Materials. 3‐Arylazo‐8H‐imidazo[1,2‐b]pyrazolo[4,3‐d]pyridazines.
Authors: Farghaly Thoraya A. , Shawali Ahmad Sami
Published: July 2010

The reaction of (I) with hydrazonoyl halides (II) proceeds via intermediate hydrazone‐derivatives (III), which are further refluxed in glacial acetic acid to provide the desired (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate as an Efficient Lewis Acid for the One‐Pot Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones and Their Corresponding 2‐(1H)‐Thiones.
Authors: Sadek Kamal Usef , Al‐Qalaf Fawzia , Abdelkhalik Mervat Mohammed , Elnagdi Mohamed Hilmy
Published: July 2010

This is the first report of a CAN‐catalyzed Biginelli reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Arylamino‐Substituted Pyrazolo[3,4‐d][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]pyrimidinones (IV), Pyrazolo[4,3‐e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]pyrimidinones (VI), and Their Thermal Isomerization.
Authors: Vas'kevich R. I. , Bentya A. V. , Staninets V. I.
Published: July 2010

Reaction of thiosemicarbazides (III) with Me‐I/AcONa gives regioselectively the linearly fused products (IV) while reaction of compounds (III) with DCC gives predominantly the angularly fused products (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrahetrocyclic Systems Including Pyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine Fused with Pyrazole Derivatives and Isolated with 1,3,4‐Oxa‐, Thiadiazole‐, and 1,2,4‐Tetrazole Derivatives.
Authors: El‐Essawy Farag A.
Published: July 2010

A series of fused and isolated tetracyclic heterocycles are synthesized by common methods.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of 5,6‐Dihydrobenzo[h]quinazoline Derivatives under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Gao Lijiu , Ji Honglou , Rong Liangce , Han Hongxia , Shi Yanhui , Tu Shujiang
Published: July 2010

A novel three‐component access to 5,6‐dihydrobenzo[h]quinazolines is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzoxazine and Benzodioxine as Indole Isosteres in Indolocarbazoles Series: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation.
Authors: Ayerbe Nathalie , Routier Sylvain , Gillaizeau Isabelle , Tardy Sebastien , Coudert Gerard
Published: July 2010

Novel benzodioxine and benzoxazine derivatives are prepared via a Diels‐Alder cycloaddition in order to get potential anticancer lead compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Arylpyrrolo[2,1‐c][1,4]benzodiazepines under Mild Cyclodehydration Conditions.
Authors: Legeren Loreto , Dominguez Domingo
Published: July 2010

N‐Substitution of the starting amides is crucial to achieve a cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies Toward Antitumor Sesquiterpenoid Quadrone.
Authors: Ishihata Akihiro , Saeki Magumi , Watanabe Masaru , Ihara Masataka , Toyota Masahiro
Published: July 2010

A synthesis of the skeleton of the antitumor sesquiterpenoid quadrone (XII) is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Ylangene‐Type and Nardosinane‐Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Soft Corals Lemnalia flava and Paralemnalia thyrsoides.
Authors: Cheng Shi‐Yie , Lin En‐Hung , Huang Jing‐Shi , Wen Zhi‐Hong , Duh Chang‐Yih
Published: July 2010

The ylangene‐type sesquiterpenoid (I) does not inhibit the COX‐2 protein expression but significantly inhibits the iNOS protein expression.
ChemInform Abstract: Terpenoids from Clerodendrum formicarum Guerke (Lamiaceae) of Cameroon
Authors: Ali Muhammad Shaiq , Ahmed Zeeshan , Ngoupayo Joseph , Ali Muhammad Imran
Published: July 2010

isolation and characterization of a new abeo‐abietane diterpenoid named formidiol (I) along with some known di‐ and triterpenoids
ChemInform Abstract: Three New Triterpenoids Containing Four‐Membered Ring from the Fruiting Body of Ganoderma sinense.
Authors: Wang Cui‐Fang , Liu Jie‐Qing , Yan Yu‐Xin , Chen Jian‐Chao , Lu Yang , Guo Yong‐Hui , Qiu Ming‐Hua
Published: July 2010

Preliminary investigations of methyl ganosinensate A (Ia) (space group P212121;Z=4), ganosinensic acid A (Ib) and B (Ic) for cytotoxicity do not reveal any significant inhibitory effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 6‐Hydroxymethylpterin α‐ and β‐D‐Glucosides.
Authors: Hanaya Tadashi , Baba Hiroki , Ejiri Kazumasa , Yamamoto Hiroshi
Published: July 2010

The selective α‐ and β‐glycosylation of a pterin derivative is achieved by treatment of key precursor (I) with α‐D‐glycosyl donors (II) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Zanthoxyline and Its Related Compounds: Revision of the Reported Structure.
Authors: Abe Hitoshi , Kobayashi Naoko , Takeuchi Yasuo , Harayama Takashi
Published: July 2010

By thorough comparison of H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectra it is shown that the correct structure of the naturally occurring zanthoxyline is not as reported (III) or other possible isomers but structure (IV) (decarine) which has been prepared earlier.
ChemInform Abstract: Pestalactams A—C: Novel Caprolactams from the Endophytic Fungus Pestalotiopsis sp.
Authors: Davis Rohan A. , Carroll Anthony R. , Andrews Katherine T. , Boyle Glen M. , Tran Truc Linh , Healy Peter C. , Kalaitzis John A. , Shivas Roger G.
Published: July 2010

The title compounds (I) and (II) are the first C‐7 alkylated caprolactam natural products reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonnatural Nucleosides Based on 1,2,4‐Triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin‐7‐ones.
Authors: Chupakhin Oleg N. , Shestakova Tatiana S. , Deev Sergey L. , Eltsov Oleg S. , Rusinov Vladimir L.
Published: July 2010

Two methods for the synthesis of non‐natural nucleosides are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Hyaluronidase Inhibitors from Takuran, Lycopus lucidus.
Authors: Murata Toshihiro , Watahiki Mai , Tanaka Yu , Miyase Toshio , Yoshizaki Fumihiko
Published: July 2010

Takuran is used in the traditional East‐Asian medicine for the treatment of menstrual disorders and cardiovascular diseases.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigation of Cu2ZnSnS4 Formation from Metal Salts and Thioacetamide.
Authors: Trimmel Gregor , et al. et al.
Published: July 2010

Thin films of the title compound, a very promising alternative to semiconductors based on Ga or In as solar absorber material, are prepared by spin‐coating from pyridine solutions of CuI, Zn(OAc)2, SnCl2, and thioacetamide followed by annealing at different temperatures (180—450 °C, 15 min).
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Quick Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3, and BixSb2‐xTe3.
Authors: Kim HeeJin , Lee Ki Jung , Kim Sung‐Jin , Han Mi‐Kyung
Published: July 2010

High quality, nearly monodisperse nanocrystallites of the title compounds are prepared from an oleic acid solution of Bi(OAc)3 or/and Sb(OAc)3, and a solution of Te in trioctylphosphine/1‐dodecanethiol (160 °C, 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Quasi‐Amorphous Inorganic Thin Films: Noncrystalline Polar Phases
Authors: Wachtel Ellen , Lubomirsky Igor
Published: July 2010

Review: such as BaTiO3, SrTiO3, BaZrO3; 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transparent Conducting Oxides in the ZnO—In2O3—SnO2 System
Authors: Hoel Cathleen A. , Mason Thomas O. , Gaillard Jean‐Francois , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R.
Published: July 2010

Review: 139 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Surface Properties of Transition‐Metal Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Dupont Jairton , Scholten Jackson D.
Published: July 2010

Review: 219 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Testing Metal‐Oxide Nanomaterials for Human Safety
Authors: Landsiedel Robert , Ma‐Hock Lan , Kroll Alexandra , Hahn Daniela , Schnekenburger Juergen , Wiench Karin , Wohlleben Wendel
Published: July 2010

Review: 194 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State Structures and Properties of Europium and Samarium Hydrides
Authors: Kohlmann Holger
Published: July 2010

Review: 61 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Actinyl Compounds with Hexavalent Elements (S, Cr, Se, Mo) — Structural Diversity, Nanoscale Chemistry, and Cellular Automata Modeling
Authors: Krivovichev Sergey V.
Published: July 2010

Review: 30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sonification‐Assisted Fabrication and Post‐Synthetic Modifications of Graphene‐Like Materials
Authors: Cravotto Giancarlo , Cintas Pedro
Published: July 2010

Review: 87 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Atropochiral C,X‐ and C,C‐Chelating Carbon Ligands
Authors: Canac Yves , Chauvin Remi
Published: July 2010

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Gold
Authors: Gimeno M. Concepcion
Published: July 2010

Review: 438 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Fritsch—Buttenberg—Wiechell Rearrangement: Modern Applications for an Old Reaction
Authors: Jahnke Eike , Tykwinski Rik R.
Published: July 2010

Review: 130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Organocatalytic Rearrangement Reactions
Authors: Moyano Albert , El‐Hamdouni Niama , Atlamsani Ahmed
Published: July 2010

Review: 189 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Hydroxylated Arenes
Authors: Alonso Diego A. , Najera Carmen , Pastor Isidro M. , Yus Miguel
Published: July 2010

Review: ca. 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfur as a Mechanistic Probe in Enzymatic and Non‐Enzymatic Substitution at Phosphorus
Authors: Frey Perry A.
Published: July 2010

Review: 33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Coupling/Cyclization Reactions of Two Different Allenic Moieties
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Martinez del Campo Teresa
Published: July 2010

Review: 24 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cinchona Alkaloids as Chiral Ligands in Asymmetric Oxidations
Authors: Ager David J.
Published: July 2010

Review: 376 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Transition Metal and Inner Transition Metal Binding Calixarenes
Authors: Siddiqui S. , Cragg P. J.
Published: July 2010

Review: 167 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembly of Dinuclear Helical Metallosupramolecular Coordination Compounds
Authors: Kiehne Ulf , Bunzen Jens , Luetzen Arne
Published: July 2010

Review: 132 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pentacoordinating Bis(oxazoline) Ligands with Secondary Binding Sites
Authors: Schall Caroline A. , Seitz Michael , Kaiser Anja , Reiser Oliver
Published: July 2010

Review: 24 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Nucleoside Diphosphate Glycopyranoses and Other Polyphosphorylated Bioconjugates
Authors: Wolf Saskia , Zismann Tanja , Lunau Nathalie , Warnecke Svenja , Wendicke Silke , Meier Chris
Published: July 2010

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Homo‐ and Heterocyclic Silanes via Intermediates with Si=Si Bonds
Authors: Abersfelder Kai , Scheschkewitz David
Published: July 2010

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Automated Synthesis of Phosphorus—Sulfur Analogues of Nucleic Acids — 25 Years on: Potential Therapeutic Agents and Proven Utility in Biotechnology
Authors: Zon Gerald
Published: July 2010

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Nucleoside and Oligonucleoside Dithiophosphates
Authors: Yang Xianbin , Mierzejewski Ellen
Published: July 2010

Review: 115 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic mRNA Cap Analogues with a Modified Triphosphate Bridge — Synthesis, Applications and Prospects
Authors: Jemielity Jacek , Kowalska Joanna , Rydzik Anna Maria , Darzynkiewicz Edward
Published: July 2010

Review: 83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry and Stereochemistry of Internucleotide Bond Formation by the H‐Phosphonate Method
Authors: Sobkowski Michal
Published: July 2010

Review: 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Engineered Metalloprotein as a Functional and Structural Bioinorganic Model System
Authors: Ueno Takafumi
Published: July 2010

Review: 19 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemically Directed Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticle Structures on Surfaces
Authors: Ling Xing Yi , Reinhoudt David N. , Huskens Jurriaan
Published: July 2010

Review: 103 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Laser‐Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Industrial and Security Applications
Authors: Bol'shakov Alexander A. , Yoo Jong H. , Liu Chunyi , Plumer John R. , Russo Richard E.
Published: July 2010

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactive and Highly Submicron Magnetic Latexes for Bionanotechnology Applications
Authors: Elaissari Abdelhamid , Fessi Hatem
Published: July 2010

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Single Crystal to Single Crystal Reactivity: Gray, Rather than Black or White
Authors: Halasz Ivan
Published: July 2010

Review: 109 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Analytical Chemistry on the Femtoliter Scale
Authors: Gorris Hans H. , Walt David R.
Published: July 2010

Review: 126 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystalline Cellulose: Structure and Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Kovalenko. V. I. Kovalenko. V. I.
Published: July 2010

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Understanding and Exploiting Protein Prenyltransferases
Authors: Nyugen Uyen T. T. , Goody Roger S. , Alexandrov Kirill
Published: July 2010

Review: 109 refs.
Accumulation of plasmacytoid DC: Roles in disease pathogenesis and targets for immunotherapy
Authors: Swiecki Melissa , Colonna Marco
Published: July 2010

Plasmacytoid DC (pDC) secrete type I IFN in response to viruses and RNA/DNA/immunocomplexes. Type I IFN confer resistance to viral infections and promote innate and adaptive immune responses. pDC also produce cytokines and chemokines that influence recruitment and function of T cells and differentiation of B cells. Thus, pDC have been implicated both in protective immune responses and in induction of tolerance. In this Viewpoint, we discuss how the recruitment and accumulation of pDC may impact pathogenesis of several diseases and how pDC can be targeted for therapeutic interventions.
Dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Schuler Gerold
Published: July 2010

DC initiate and regulate T‐cell immunity and are thus the key to optimization of all types of vaccines. Insights into DC biology offer many opportunities to enhance immunogenicity. In this Viewpoint, I discuss some recent developments and findings that are of immediate relevance for the clinical development of cancer vaccines. In addition, I emphasize my personal view that we should explore the potential of adoptively transferred DC (i.e. DC vaccination) as cancer vaccines by performing two‐armed trials that address critical variables and by delivering antigens via mRNA‐transfected DC.
Regression models for daily stream temperature simulation: case studies for the river Elbe, Germany
Authors: Koch Hagen , Grünewald Uwe
Published: July 2010

Daily stream temperatures are needed in a number of analyses. Such analyses might focus on aquatic organisms or industrial activities. To protect aquatic systems, industrial activities, for example, water withdrawals or discharges, are sometimes restricted. To evaluate where new industrial settings should be placed or if climate change will affect already existing industrial settings, the simulation of stream temperature is needed. Stream temperature models with weekly or monthly time scale might not be sufficient for this kind of analysis.

Different regression models to simulate daily stream temperature for the river Elbe (Germany) are developed and their performance is estimated. For the calibration period the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (NSC) for the simplest model is 0·97, and the root mean squared error (RMSE) is 1·48 °C. For the most sophisticated model the NSC also is 0·97. However, the RMSE is 1·32 °C. For the validation period the NSC for the simplest model is 0·96, and the RMSE is 1·45 °C. The NSC for the most sophisticated model is 0·97, and the RMSE is 1·25 °C. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of land cover change on flood peak discharges and runoff volumes: model estimates for the Nyando River Basin, Kenya
Authors: Olang L. O. , Fürst J.
Published: July 2010

The impacts of historical land cover changes witnessed between 1973 and 2000 on the hydrologic response of the Nyando River Basin were investigated. The land cover changes were obtained through consistent classifications of selected Landsat satellite images. Their effects on runoff peak discharges and volumes were subsequently assessed using selected hydrologic models for runoff generation and routing available within the HEC‐HMS. Physically based parameters of the models were estimated from the land cover change maps together with a digital elevation model and soil datasets of the basin. Observed storm events for the simulation were selected and their interpolated spatial distributions obtained using the univariate ordinary Kriging procedure. The simulated flows from the 14 sub‐catchments were routed downstream afterwards to obtain the accrued effects in the entire river basin. Model results obtained generally revealed significant and varying increases in the runoff peak discharges and volumes within the basin. In the upstream sub‐catchments with higher rates of deforestation, increases between 30 and 47% were observed in the peak discharge. In the entire basin, however, the flood peak discharges and volumes increased by at least 16 and 10% respectively during the entire study period. The study successfully outlined the hydrological consequences of the eminent land cover changes and hence the need for sustainable land use and catchment management strategies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparison of techniques for downscaling extreme precipitation over the Northeastern United States
Authors: Tryhorn Lee , DeGaetano Art
Published: July 2010

Accurate estimates of local changes in extreme precipitation are valuable for informing local policy decisions and estimating potential impacts on areas such as health, infrastructure, ecosystems and agriculture. To bridge the gap between the coarse spatial resolution of climate model output and the need for weather and climate information at a higher resolution, downscaling methods have been developed. This research compares several different downscaling methods in their ability to simulate rainfall extremes over the Northeastern United States. The methods compared are a bias‐correction and spatial disaggregation technique, the statistical downscaling model (SDSM) and a regional climate model, HadRM3. Validation was done using generalized extreme value (GEV) distributions of annual maxima and return‐period estimates. All the different techniques simulated reasonable estimates of extreme rainfall across the northeast. However, the agreement of simulations with observations depended upon the downscaling technique used and the location. The SDSM simulations matched observed extreme climatology the best. HadRM3 tended to overestimate mean precipitation and gave a GEV distribution that did not replicate the observed distribution well and, thus, overestimated the extremes.

We then developed high‐resolution projections of future changes to rainfall across the Northeast United States, using IPCC SRES emission scenario A2 combined with these downscaling methods. Future projections based on SDSM indicate increases in the magnitude of extreme rainfall events by ∼7% through the 2041–2060 period with considerable regional variation particularly at the higher 50‐ and 100‐year return periods. However, these projected increases rarely fall outside the 95% confidence intervals based on the observation period from 1961 to 1980. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
The success of Caterpillar's global approach to change management
Authors: Wolpert Catherine
Published: July 2010

Caterpillar's 15‐year quest to build change management into a global organizational competency sets an impressive benchmark for others still pursuing this elusive goal. The author describes the LaMarsh & Associates Managed Change™ model, which is the basis of Caterpillar's cobranded global approach to change management. She then examines six characteristics that underpin the enterprisewide approach and describes how the company successfully used the model to implement its new health care strategy, a multiyear effort toward promoting active consumerism among employees and retirees as a way to rein in rising health care costs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Doing more with less: How a multicompany community of practice shares knowledge and saves money
Authors: Moran John
Published: July 2010

Imagine having a trusted network of your peers in other companies whose responses to your questions saved your company $500,000. Through that network, you could ask almost any professional question and have several responses within a few minutes, or, at most, hours. When you receive the responses, you are confident that they represent well‐thought‐through research, are probably working in the environments of your peers, and therefore have a good chance of working in your environment. This article is a case study of a fee‐based, multicompany community of practice (CoP) for information technology (IT) directors based in the greater San Francisco, California, region. It describes the principles and practices that have led to the outcomes that resulted in the trusted network described above. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A combination of hot air treatment and nano‐packing reduces fruit decay and maintains quality in postharvest Chinese bayberries
Authors: Wang Kaituo , Jin Peng , Shang Haitao , Li Hongmei , Xu Feng , Hu Qiuhui , Zheng Yonghua
Published: July 2010

BACKGOUND: Chinese bayberry is susceptible to microbial decay during postharvest handling and storage. To search for effective alternatives to currently used fungicides for disease control, the efficacy of hot air (HA) treatment at 48 °C for 3 h alone or in combination with nano‐packing (NP) containing nano‐TiO2 and nano‐Ag in controlling green mould decay caused by Penicillium citrinum and natural decay, and their effects on fruit quality in harvested Chinese bayberries were investigated in this study.

RESULTS: The combined treatment of HA and NP resulted in a remarkably improved control of green mould and natural decay in Chinese bayberries compared with treatment of HA or NP alone. The in vitro growth of P. citrinum was significantly inhibited by individual HA or NP. In addition, HA in combination with NP showed interactive effect on inhibiting fruit respiration, ethylene production and membrane lipid peroxidation, and maintained higher fruit firmness and DPPH radical scavenging activity.

CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a combination of HA treatment and NP may be a useful technique to reduce fruit decay and maintain quality in Chinese bayberries during postharvest storage and retail conditions. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Cancer incidence in a trial of an antiapoptotic agent for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Schwid Steven R. , Bausch Janice , Oakes David , Schuchter Lynn , Tanner Caroline , Forrest Misser , Lang Anthony E. , Shoulson Ira ,   the PSG PRECEPT Investigators
Published: July 2010

We performed a placebo‐controlled trial of CEP‐1347, an inhibitor of neuronal apoptotic cell death, in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD) to determine whether long‐term therapy would slow disability progression. This also provided an opportunity to monitor cancer incidence in a large cohort of PD patients followed prospectively including periods before and after patients developed disability requiring dopaminergic therapy. This was a multicenter study of 806 patients with early PD, without disability requiring dopaminergic therapy, assigned randomly to placebo or one of three doses of CEP‐1347. Patients were monitored for an average of 1.8 years (1,467 patient‐years) with routine cancer screening evaluations and annual skin examinations by a dermatologist. There was no significant excess of cancers among patients taking CEP‐1347 compared with placebo for any cancer type (all P > 0.1). Nonmelanoma skin cancers were the most common cancer type observed. The incidence of melanomas was 20.9 times that predicted in the general population. Most melanomas occurred in patients who had never taken dopaminergic therapy. We found no evidence that CEP‐1347 affected cancer incidence within 2 years of follow‐up. Melanoma occurrence in our PD patients was greater than predicted compared with the general population and was unrelated to dopaminergic therapy. Clinical surveillance of PD patients for melanoma may be warranted. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Differential effect of environmental risk factors on postural instability gait difficulties and tremor dominant Parkinson's disease
Authors: Skeie G.O. , Muller B. , Haugarvoll K. , Larsen J.P. , Tysnes O.B.
Published: July 2010

Both environmental and genetic factors contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). We have examined environmental risk factors in a Norwegian population of incident PD patients and controls, the Norwegian ParkWest study. All five neurological wards in the study area of Western Norway participated in the study. A 4‐step diagnostic procedure was used to establish a representative cohort of patients with incident PD at a high level of diagnostic accuracy. 212 incident PD patients and 175 age‐ and gender‐matched controls were included. PD patients and controls were asked for information on occupation, education, exposure to pesticides, tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine. Agricultural work was associated with a higher risk of PD (OR 1.75 (1.03–3.0) P = 0.009). There were no differences as to other occupations. Smoking (OR 0.63 (0.42–0.95) P = 0.016) and alcohol use (OR 0.55 P = 0.008) were associated with a lower risk for PD. Interestingly, this inverse association was only seen in postural instability gait difficulties (PIGD) PD (P = 0.046 for smoking, P = 0.07 for alcohol consumption), and not in tremor dominant (TD) PD which was similar to controls. Consumption of coffee was lower in PD patients (3.3 ± 1.8 cups per day vs. 3.8 ± 2.0 in controls P = 0.02). In the regression model including intake of alcohol, coffee, and smoke, only coffee (P = 0.007) and alcohol intake (P = 0.021) remained significant whereas smoking was no longer significant. Thus, it seems as though only coffee intake reduces the risk of PD in general while associations to alcohol and smoking differ between PIGD and TD‐PD patients. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
“Trousseau's disease:” A description of the gilles de la tourette syndrome 12 years before 1885
Authors: Rickards Hugh , Woolf Ian , Cavanna Andrea Eugenio
Published: July 2010

French neurologist Georges Gilles de la Tourette first described the syndrome which earned him eponymous fame in 1885. However, a publication dated 1873 by Armand Trousseau included a detailed account of what is currently know as Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). In Gilles de la Tourette's celebrated 1885 paper, there is a brief mention of the clinical picture described earlier by Trousseau, but Gilles de la Tourette somewhat disregarded it. We present the first English translation of Trousseau's description and argue that this description is more akin to modern conceptualization of GTS than the description of Gilles de la Tourette himself. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Comparing exercise in Parkinson's disease—the Berlin BIG Study
Authors: Ebersbach Georg , Ebersbach Almut , Edler Daniela , Kaufhold Olaf , Kusch Matthias , Kupsch Andreas , Wissel Jörg
Published: July 2010

Physiotherapy is widely used in Parkinson's disease (PD), but there are few controlled studies comparing active interventions. Recently, a technique named “LSVT®BIG” has been introduced. LSVT®BIG is derived from the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment and focuses on intensive exercising of high‐amplitude movements. In the present comparative study, 60 patients with mild to moderate PD were randomly assigned to receive either one‐to‐one training (BIG), group training of Nordic Walking (WALK), or domestic nonsupervised exercises (HOME). Patients in training (BIG) and WALK received 16 hours of supervised training within 4 (BIG) or 8 (WALK) weeks. The primary efficacy measure was difference in change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor score from baseline to follow‐up at 16 weeks between groups. UPDRS scores were obtained by blinded video rating. ANCOVA showed significant group differences for UPDRS‐motor score at final assessment (P < 0.001). Mean improvement of UPDRS in BIG was −5.05 (SD 3.91) whereas there was a mild deterioration of 0.58 (SD 3.17) in WALK and of 1.68 (SD 5.95) in HOME. LSVT®BIG was also superior to WALK and HOME in timed‐up‐and‐go and timed 10 m walking. There were no significant group differences for quality of life (PDQ39). These results provide evidence that LSVT®BIG is an effective technique to improve motor performance in patients with PD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Biphenylene: stabilization or destabilization?
Authors: Fishtik Ilie
Published: July 2010

A modified Hess–Schaad group additivity scheme has been developed and used to evaluate the resonance energy of biphenylene. It is shown that biphenylene possesses strong aromatic character. The strain energy, if any, should be much lower than previously estimated. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Distress screening in oncology—evaluation of the Questionnaire on Distress in Cancer Patients—short form (QSC‐R10) in a German sample
Authors: Book Katrin , Marten‐Mittag Birgitt , Henrich Gerhard , Dinkel Andreas , Scheddel Patrick , Sehlen Susanne , Haimerl Wolfgang , Schulte Thomas , Britzelmeir Ingrid , Herschbach Peter
Published: July 2010

Objective: The aim was to examine the psychometric properties of the Questionnaire on Stress in Cancer Patients (QSC‐R10), a 10‐item screening instrument for self‐assessment of psychosocial distress in cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 1850 cancer patients were assessed with the QSC‐R10. Patients were recruited from different inpatient and outpatient settings in Germany between 2007 and 2009.

Results: Mean age of the sample was 62.9 (SD=12.4) with breast cancer as the most frequent diagnosis (35.2%). The analysis indicated high reliability (Cronbach's α=0.85) and test–retest reliability (ICC=0.89). Validation scales included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Distress–Thermometer (DT), European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ‐C30 (EORTC QLQ‐C30) and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS). Convergent validity was highest for the HADS total score (r=0.74) and the lowest correlation for KPS (r=−0.36). The QSC‐R10 significantly distinguished subgroups by their clinical characteristics (metastases, illness duration, previous psychiatric treatment and psycho‐oncological support; p<0.001). A cutoff score of >14 demonstrated good sensitivity (81.0%) and specificity (73.2%) and is suitable to determine the need for psychosocial support.

Conclusion: The QSC‐R10 is a valid and reliable questionnaire to detect distress in cancer patients with high acceptance among professionals and patients. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electronic structure studies of the perovskite oxides La1−xCexMnO3 from first‐principles calculations
Authors: Zhu Lin , Li Lin , Cheng Taimin , Wei Guozhu
Published: July 2010

Ce‐doped LaMnO3 has complicated physical properties, such as unclear valence states of Ce and Mn ions, ferromagnetism–paramagnetism and metal‐insulator transitions, and multiphase coexistence. To explore the ground‐state properties of single‐phase La1−xCexMnO3 and obtain better understanding of the complicated physical properties of the multiphase system, the electronic and magnetic structures of La1−xCexMnO3 are investigated by using the first principle calculations. The results show that single phase La1−xCexMnO3 is neither a hole‐doped nor an electron‐doped compound. The valence states of Ce and Mn ions are predicted to be trivalent in an ionic picture. Trivalent Mn ions energetically favor an A‐type antiferromagnetic ordering and insulating band structure. In comparison with the experimental studies, it is concluded that overoxygenation and multiphase coexistence in experiments switch the ground state from an antiferromagnetic insulator to a ferromagnetic half‐metal.
Controlled electron transport in coupled Aharonov–Bohm rings
Authors: Jana Supriya , Chakrabarti Arunava
Published: July 2010

We propose a simple model of two coupled mesoscopic rings threaded by magnetic flux which mimics a device for electron transmission in a controlled fashion. Within a tight binding formalism, we work out exactly the conditions when a completely ballistic transmission can be triggered at any desired position of the Fermi level within a continuous range of energy. The switching action can be easily controlled by appropriately tuning the values of the flux through the two rings. The general transmission across the ring system displays interesting features characterized by the appearance and collapse of Fano resonances, and the suppression of the Aharonov–Bohm oscillations in several cases. We report and analyze exact analytical results for a few such cases.