bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influência do uso e cobertura do solo sobre a disponibilidade hídrica em uma microbacia hidrográfica do Rio Sargento/SC
Authors: Jaeger Cabrieli Aline , VASCONCELOS MÁRLON DE CASTRO , BISOGNIN RAMIRO PEREIRA
Published: December 2024

As práticas antrópicas têm desencadeado problemas ambientais, comprometendo os recursos hídricos, principalmente no que se refere à alteração da cobertura vegetal nativa. Devido aos inúmeros problemas observados em bacias hidrográficas, torna-se fundamental avaliar as relações entre as variações na produção de água e as alterações da cobertura vegetal nativa. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral avaliar a influência da alteração do uso e cobertura do solo sobre a disponibilidade hídrica na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Sargento, no extremo oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina. A análise temporal compreendeu os anos de 1985 a 2014, cujos dados de uso e ocupação do solo foram obtidos do Projeto MapBiomas e os dados hidrológicos do site Hidroweb da ANA. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software Microsoft Excel 2016, e as correlações no software Jamovi. Destarte, observou-se uma diminuição nas áreas de florestas nativas entre o período analisado, e em contrapartida, houve o aumento das áreas agropecuárias e de plantios florestais. Os dados de precipitação e vazão desta microbacia apresentaram tendência positiva de crescimento. A precipitação apresentou relação com a variação da vazão quanto a significância de 5%, mas não foi encontrada relação de causalidade entre as alterações da cobertura por florestas nativas e a disponibilidade hídrica. Porém, deve-se aprofundar os estudos em relação à influência que as reservas subterrâneas exercem sobre a resposta hidrológica da bacia quanto a estas alterações das áreas de vegetação nativa.
Investigação in vitro e in vivo do efeito regenerativo na medula espinal na presença de fragmentos do nervo isquiático com adição dos óleos essenciais de hyptis suaveolens (l.) poit e croton blanchetianus baill
Authors:   , Fernandes Luciana Cristina Borges
Published: December 2024

A medula espinal (ME) é afetada em casos de traumas diretos ou indiretos e

alguns estudos apontam que os nervos periféricos induzem um ambiente propício para regeneração. Além disso, várias plantas medicinais possuem metabólitos secundários com atividades no Sistema Nervoso Central. Este estudo objetivou analisar o efeito regenerativo na ME in vitro e in vivo na presença de fragmentos do nervo isquiático (FGNI) com adição dos óleos essenciais (OES) de Hyptis suaveolens (HS) e Croton blanchetianus (CB). As plantas de HS e CB foram submetidas ao processo de hidrodestilação e a análise da composição química foi feita por cromatografia gasosa e espectrometria de massas. Para a avaliação da plasticidade na ME in vitro, células foram coletadas de ratos neonatos Wistar e cultivadas em 6 grupos: um controle (D-10) e os demais grupos com diferentes combinações

de meio condicionado do nervo isquiático (MCNI) e os OES de HS e CB. A morfometria celular foi avaliada após 96 horas por microscopia de contraste de fases, sendo em seguida realizada a imunocitoquímica para GFAP, GAP-43, NeuN e a plasticidade analisada por Microscopia Eletronica de Varredura. Os grupos foram comparados estatisticamente através do teste de Tukey e Bonferroni (p<0,05). Assim, foi possível avaliar a aderência, o efeito plástico e trófico das células nos grupos cultivados em D-10 acrescidos dos OES, com alterações morfológicas mais visíveis quando comparados com os grupos controle. O OE de CB, especialmente, promoveu a manutenção da expansão das células, indicando sua ação na plasticidade das células da ME. Quanto à análise regenerativa na ME in vivo, foram utilizados

40 ratos Wistar e de 4 deles foi removido o nervo isquiático (NI). Os 36 animais restantes foram submetidos a uma transecção medular com 4 mm de espessura ao nível torácico baixo e divididos em 6 grupos (n=6): no grupo 1 foi inoculado 10μl de solução salina (5%) (SS); no grupo 2 FGNI mais 10μl de SS (SS + NI); no grupo 3 FGNI mais o OE de HS (HS + NI); no grupo 4 foi inoculado apenas o OE de HS; no grupo 5 FGNI mais o OE de CB (CB + NI) e no grupo 6 foi inoculado apenas o OE de CB. O desempenho dos membros posteriores foi avaliado por 12 semanas usando pontuação do comportamento motor (BBB) e o déficit funcional ligado ao comportamento da pontuação combinada (CBS) e os dados dos testes comportamentais dos grupos tratados foram comparados estatisticamente. Ocorreu

recuperação dos movimentos dos membros posteriores dos animais pertencentes aos grupos com o FGNI e com os OES quando comparados ao grupo SS e SS + NI. Entretanto, nos grupos com o OE de CB ocorreram resultados mais significativos e superioridade frente aos grupos com o OE de HS. Portanto, a combinação de OES e nervos periféricos como o NI, in vitro e in vivo, proporcionou a plasticidade morfológica e a melhora da recuperação funcional da ME.
Efeito de extratos de própolis verde e geoprópolis de abelha Canudo (Scaptotrigona sp.) e Jandaíra (Melipona subnitida) na resposta inflamatória e viabilidade de transplantes cutâneos alogênicos e autólogos
Authors:   , Brito Parmênedes Dias de
Published: December 2024

A própolis e a geoprópolis são produtos resinosos elaborados a partir de

exsudatos, óleos e resinas colhidas de plantas pelas abelhas. Esses produtos são conhecidos

por apresentarem efeitos biológicos e são utilizados por populares devido às propriedades

medicinais, inclusive no tratamento de feridas. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do extrato

hidroalcoólico de própolis verde (EHPv), geoprópolis de abelha canudo, Scaptotrigona sp.,

(EHG-Can) e geoprópolis de abelha jandaíra, Melipona subnitida, (EHG-Jan) sobre a

inflamação aguda, inflamação crônica por corpo estranho, cicatrização e transplante cutâneo

alogênico e autólogo em ratos wistar. Para tanto, foram utilizados 36 ratos adultos saudáveis,

de ambos os sexos, distribuídos em cinco grupos: animais tratados com formulação contendo

20% de EHPv; tratados com 20% de EHG-Can; tratados com 20% de EHG-Jan; grupo

controle positivo (GC+) com fármaco registrado, e; apenas veículo como controle negativo

(GC-). Anteriormente as análises in vivo, foi feita uma análise físico-química das para

caracterização preliminar dos extratos. A inflamação aguda foi induzida por carragenina a 1%

(n = 36), a inflamação crônica foi realizada por corpo estranho (lâmina de vidro) (n = 16) e a

cicatrização foi acompanhada a partir de ferida circular de 8 mm de diâmetro (n = 16). Os

transplantes (n = 20) foram feitos com a incisão e realocação de dois enxertos cutâneos

quadrados (1cm2), um para autoenxerto e outro para aloenxerto, respectivamente. Sobre o teor

de flavonoides, amostra do grupo EHG-Jan apresentou a maior quantidade (p<0,05), EHPv

quantidade intermediária e a do grupo EHG-Can apresentou a menor. Verificou-se um efeito

positivo antiedematoso pronunciado do EHPv, moderado efeito nos grupos EHG-Can e EHGJan.

Na inflamação crônica, o grupo EHG-Jan destacou-se por acelerar a formação do

granuloma. Houve aceleração da cicatrização com reepitelização completa por efeito dos

extratos EHPv e EHG-Can em 16 dias. Os extratos aumentaram a proteção das áreas

lesionadas e induziram retardo na rejeição (necrose) dos enxertos autólogos. De modo similar,

porém menos acentuado ocorreu com os transplantes alogênicos. Provavelmente as diversas

classes químicas, com substâncias biologicamente ativas específicas, presentes na geoprópolis

foram responsáveis pelo satisfatório desempenho nas análises. Além disso, é provável que o

efeito protetor contra infecções oportunistas tenha colaborado com os bons resultados. Os

extratos hidroalcoólicos de própolis e geoprópolis apresentaram efeitos positivos sobre os

processos inflamatórios e reparo de ferida, assim como promoveram proteção do enxerto e

retardo na rejeição
Discovery of New Symmetrical and Asymmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridine Derivatives as Potential Antihypertensive Agents: An In silico Evaluation
Authors: Raj Ruhani , Parjapati Charu , Garg Minakshi , Kaur Anupreet
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Hypertension is a worldwide problem that affects people of all ethnicities
and social groups. Its mortality rate has been steadily increasing. However, several pharmacological
compounds have been used to manage hypertension and related issues. Calcium Channel
Blockers (CCBs) based on Dihydropyridine (DHP) are used as first-line therapy. It is well established
that simple adjustments to an existing medicine's fundamental structure can considerably
improve its efficacy.

Materials and Methods:

The purpose of this research study was to create potential antihypertensive
drugs utilizing a 1,4-DHP scaffold and analyze their binding processes with different calcium
channel proteins for comparative analysis, with PDB IDs 3LV3, 1T0J, and 6DAF. This study used
molecular docking and ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicity) profiling
to predict the binding efficacy of newly produced potential drugs, such as CCBs.

Results:

The binding energy of the protein with the newly created compounds ranged between
-2.6 and -7.26 kcal/mol (3LV3), -7.42 to -10.36 kcal/mol (1T0J), and -6.63 to -11.98 kcal/mol
(6DAF).

Discussion:

The predicted ADMET profiling yielded significant results, indicating that among the
virtually prepared ligands, apart from the standard drugs amlodipine and nifedipine, ligand numbers
60 and 13 showed a favorable ADMET profile.

Conclusion:

In this study, drug development efforts focused on modifying existing hypertension
medications through in silico analysis. From hundreds of synthesized ligands, 19 showed optimal
docking scores. ADMET profiling of these 19 ligands revealed ligands 60 and 13 to have favorable
profiles. The Swiss ADME and ADMET lab 2.0 tools confirmed these findings, highlighting
their potential for further development.
Isolation of Plasmid from a New Strain of Enterococcus faecium and its Construction for Use as Shuttle Cloning Vector
Authors: Hazra Amit , Saha Pijush K. , Das Shreya , Bhattacharjee Dipanwita , Bhattacharyya Barun K.
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Enterococci are natural inhabitants of the human gastrointestinal tract
and contain plasmids, which are often used to generate plasmid vectors. RGK7, a strain of Enterococcus
faecium isolated from neonatal faeces, natively contains a 1935 bp plasmid pRGK7d.

Objective:

This study focused on the molecular characterization of the Enterococcus faecium plasmid
pRGK7d and its exploitation for the generation of shuttle cloning vectors.

Methods and Results:

The isolate RGK7 was identified as Enterococcus faecium by phenotypic
and genotypic methods, including 16S rRNA sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis also confirmed
that the strain belongs to the group of E. faecium. BLAST analysis of the pRGK7d plasmid sequence
revealed the highest homology with E. faecium genes for replication protein. ORF Finder
analysis of the 1.9 kb plasmid pRGK7d showed a total of 17 ORFs in multiple overlapping
frames, and the biggest ORF sequence showed 97% homology with the Rep protein of E. faecium.
In order to make it an E. coli-Enterococcus shuttle vector, the plasmid was first cloned in pUC18
and then recloned in T vector by incorporating antibiotic selection markers ampicillin resistance
(ampr) and erythromycin resistance (eryr) for its selectivity in Gram-negative E. coli and Gram--
positive E. faecium. The shuttle vector was reduced in size and made more effective by cloning only
the Rep protein instead of the whole plasmid along with the eryr gene.

Conclusion:

An E. coli-Enterococcus shuttle vector was generated utilizing the plasmid pRGK7d,
which, on transformation, conferred ampicillin and erythromycin resistance to the E. coli and Enterococcus,
respectively, that was otherwise sensitive. The shuttle vector was found to be stable in
both organisms.
Advancements in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers and its Patent Innovations
Authors: Mishra Ashish S. , Sharma Shikha , Bhatnagar Payal , Banik Bimal Krishna
Published: December 2024

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are small colloidal systems designed for drug delivery,
recognized for their safety, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. As a lipid-based nanosystem,
NLCs offer a promising alternative to polymeric and metallic nanoparticles, providing a safe
and effective platform for therapeutic applications. Their appeal lies in high stability, substantial
drug loading capacity, and ability to enhance drug solubility and permeability. Encapsulation in a
lipidic shell further aids in navigating challenging drug delivery routes, enhancing the bioavailability
and stability of encapsulated drugs. Surface modifications and the incorporation of specific additives
into NLCs allow for targeted drug delivery, increased cellular uptake, and prolonged residence
time in the body, improving the therapeutic effect of the drugs administered. Due to these
advantages, NLCs have demonstrated potential in treating a variety of medical conditions, including
cancer, infections, neurodegenerative diseases, hypertension, diabetes, and pain management.
This review explores recent advancements in the development and optimization of NLCs, highlighting
their role in achieving efficient, targeted, and controlled drug delivery.
SARS CoV-2 Delta Variant Spike Protein: Structure, Mechanism, and Docking Interaction with Antiviral Ligands from the Plants of the Phyllanthus Genus
Authors: Sibiya Ashokkumar , Vaseeharan Baskaralingam , Ramasamy Palaniappan , Bhavaniramya Sundaresan
Published: December 2024

An abrupt outbreak of "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2" was first
identified in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019, which was later disseminated
globally. Individuals afflicted with this highly transmissible virus contribute to a significant public
health crisis. The lack of specific vaccinations and antiviral medications for nCoV-2019, together
with the emergence of mutations in the genome of the virus, necessitates a multifaceted approach to
drug design and discovery for COVID-19. A comprehensive worldwide supervision plan is essential
for the accurate forecast and prevention of viral infections. The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein plays
a crucial role in viral binding, fusion, and entrance, hence influencing the generation and evolution of
antibodies and vaccines. The receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
exhibits a significant affinity for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. It encompasses
diverse mutations in the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor-binding domain
(RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, enhancing immunological efficacy. The B.1.617.2 mutant,
also known as the Delta variation, is expected to spread more rapidly than earlier versions. Thus, in
this study, we have evaluated the structural characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the
human ACE2 protein and their interactions and examined putative SPIKE-ACE2 protein-protein
inhibitors derived from the phytocompounds of Phyllanthus species. This is the crucial aspect for the
advancement of economical clinical trials of individual plant components for the treatment of viral
diseases.
The Role of Metformin in Modifying Ferroptosis to Treat Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sotoudeheian Moahammad Javad , Azarbad Reza , Mirahmadi Seyed-Mohamad-Sadegh , Farahmandian Navid
Published: December 2024

Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a well-known metabolic disorder associated with hepatic
steatosis and tissue lipid accumulation. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease
(MAFLD) is a prevalent and challenging condition that is linked to obesity, diabetes, and other
metabolic disorders. MAFLD, previously called NAFLD or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is associated
with pathological changes in liver tissue. In recent decades, there has been a growing interest
in the potential of metformin, a commonly used medication for type-2 diabetes, to help treat
MAFLD. Metformin has shown promising potential in treating MAFLD through its ability to modify
ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death. In this critical review, we explain the current
knowledge about MAFLD, the potential role of ferroptosis in its pathogenesis, and the mechanisms
by which metformin may modulate ferroptosis in the context of MAFLD. Additionally, evidence
supporting the usage of metformin in treating MAFLD is explained. Overall, this review explains
the potential of metformin as a novel therapeutic approach for MAFLD by targeting ferroptosis
and provides valuable insights for future research in this area.
Manglares Ciliados (Alveolata: Ciliophora) en los ecosistemas de manglar de México
Authors: Mayén-Estrada Rosaura , Durán-Ramírez Carlos Alberto , Romero-Niembro Víctor Manuel , Olvera-Bautista Fernando
Published: December 2024

Los manglares son ecosistemas en los que se han documentado comunidades de protistas heterótrofos en el medio acuático, así como sim-biontes de algunas especies de flora y fauna. Dentro de estos protistas se encuentran los ciliados (phylum Ciliophora, en el clado Alveolata). El conocimiento de la biodiversidad de ciliados que habitan en los sedimentos, en la columna de agua, así como simbiontes de algas, plantas y animales en los manglares mexicanos es parcial, si se considera su extensión en los litorales de México. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue compilar, analizar y validar la información taxonómica y de distribución de las especies de ciliados que habitan en los ecosistemas de manglar de México. A partir de una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura disponible hasta la fecha, se documentó un total de 293 especies de ciliados agrupados en 151 géneros desde el año 1967 hasta el año 2022. Las especies registradas se distribuyen en manglares de los estados de Cam-peche, Guerrero, Nayarit, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Veracruz y Yucatán. Veracruz con 200 especies, que equivale a 68% del total de especies registradas en el presente estudio, fue la entidad del país en donde se ha documentado la mayor riqueza específica de ciliados en manglares. En cuanto a su forma de vida, se catalogaron como especies de vida libre tanto bentónicas como planctónicas y simbiontes de invertebrados, algas y plantas acuáticas. Se concluye que el conocimiento de las comunidades de ciliados en los manglares mexicanos es aún incompleto.
Features of the subpopulation composition of peripheral blood T-helpers in the long term in persons exposed to chronic radiation exposure in utero
Authors:   Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of FMBA, Kotikova A.I. , Nikiforov V.S. ,   Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of FMBA, Blinova E.A. ,   Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of FMBA, Akleyev A.V. ,   Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of FMBA,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to study the different T-helper subpopulations in peripheral blood as well as the expression of TBX21, RORC, GATA3, NFKB1, MAPK8 and STAT3 genes responsible for the regulation of T-helper differentiation in persons chronically exposed in utero. The object of the study was peripheral blood cells taken from people (156 persons) chronically exposed to radiation in utero and in the postnatal period in a wide range of doses on the Techa River. The mean cumulative absorbed dose to red bone marrow in the examined exposed individuals was 49651.2 mGy (dose range: 73.5-1298 mGy), in the comparison group 1 – 18.71.97 mGy (dose range: 0.78-57 mGy), in comparison group 2 (exposed only postnatally) – 57149.1 mGy (dose range: 86.74-1240 mGy). The subpopulation composition of T-helper cells was analyzed by flow cytofluorometry. The relative mRNA content of TBX21, RORC, GATA3, NFKB1, MAPK8 and STAT3 genes was assessed by PCR-BP. A dose-dependent decrease in the total number of T-helper cells, effector memory T-helper cells and central memory T-helper cells at the trend level and an increase in the relative number of native T-helper cells in the peripheral blood of individuals exposed in utero and postnatally were found. An increase in the relative number of type 1 T-helper cells was also revealed in those exposed in utero and postnatally relative to the group of persons exposed only postnatally. These changes did not depend on the accumulated radiation doses. There were no statistically significant changes in the mRNA expression of the studied genes (GATA3, STAT3, TBX21, MAPK8 and RORC). No correlation between the mRNA expression of the studied genes and the relative number of cells in the subpopulations of T-helper types 1, 2 and 17 in the examined individuals was revealed.
History and program of biophysical examinations in an epidemiological cohort of Mayak PA workers
Authors:   Southern Ural Biophysics Institute of FMBA of Russia, Ephimov A.V. , Sokolova A.B. ,   Southern Ural Biophysics Institute of FMBA of Russia
Published: December 2024

One of the internationally recognized cohorts included in the studies of ionizing radiation-induced pathology risks is a cohort of Mayak PA workers who had contact with ionizing radiation sources in the early years of the enterprise operation. Individual biophysical examinations of the cohort registrants serve as a source of data to estimate internal exposure doses accumulated due to the chronic inhalation intake of 239Pu in a production environment. This paper discusses the methods of individual control of 239Pu content in excreta samples and monitoring programs performed at different stages of the development of the Mayak PA personnel dosimetry register. The programs aimed at both the increase of the monitoring period for previously examined individuals and the examination of those cohort representatives who had no previous individual control data. The work represents the quantitative results of individual control and their dynamics over time. Analysis of the individual monitoring results of the main production cohort registrants shows a downward trend in detecting the 239Pu activity in daily urine amount above the measurement method detection limit in workers employed in the later years of operation of the plants under consideration. Expanding the amount of dosimetry data on the individuals included in the epidemiological cohort of radiation risk study remains an urgent task for providing the most cohort representatives with the dosimetry results, increasing the monitoring period and reducing the dose estimate uncertainties, as well as providing data for verification and the development of actinide biokinetic models.
The use of the built digital twin for the assessment and prediction of radiation exposure to humans in the area of the PDEC location
Authors:   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute“, Krechetnikov V.V. , Titov I.E. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute“, Spiridonov S.I. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute“, Karpenko E.I. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute“, Solomatin V.M. ,   Joint Stock Company "Proryv", Feygin A.I. ,   Joint Stock Company "Proryv"
Published: December 2024

The results of the use of the built digital twin for the assessment and prediction of radiation exposure to humans in the area of the Pilot Demonstrative Energy Complex (PDEC) location are presented. Information on radioactive releases from the BREST-OD-300 reactor during the reactor normal operation was collected, the impact of releases from developed different types of emergency scenarios was estimated as well. Based on these data, the radiation doses to the humans exposed to releases from the normally operated reactor were measured. The doses from designed and beyond-designed accidents were calculated. Based on the prognostic estimates obtained with the use of initial information, vector maps of the digital twin were created to assess and predict the radiation impact on humans in the area of the PDEC location. The results obtained can be used for the assessment of compliance with radiological safety, as well as to optimize radiation control programs for the PDEC.
Radiation-induced "rescue effect" in experiments on various model objects: phenomenological aspects and possible mechanisms. Review
Authors:   N.N. Semyonov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS, Kogarko I.N. , Petushkova V.V. ,   N.N. Semyonov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS, Kogarko B.S. ,   N.N. Semyonov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS, Selivanova E.I. ,   A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (A. Tsyb MRRC), Ktitorova O.V. ,   N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS, Neyfakh Е.А. ,   N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS, Ganeev I.I. ,   N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS, Kuzmina N.S. ,   Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of RAS
Published: December 2024

The article is aimed to consider phenomenological aspects of the recently discovered the general biological phenomenon, caused as the “rescue effect”. It means that irradiated cells or organisms show a biopositive response as a result of feedback signals from non-irradiated cells or organisms contacted with them. The analysis of the results presented in the world literature and obtained with various experimental models using primary human fibroblasts (NHFL), normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF), Danio Rerio embryonic fibroblasts (ZF4), normal human lung fibroblasts (W138), human macrophage and hepatocyte cell lines (U9347 and HL-7702 respectively), as well as cells of the "immortal" HeLa lineage, human melanoma (Me45), and lung adenocarcinoma (A549) was carried out. It is shown that the induction of the "rescue effect" depends on the combination of cell lines used as irradiated targets and bystander cells. The effects obtained in the Danio Rerio embryo model of (in vivo studies) are also discussed. The mechanisms associated with the induction of the "rescue effect" and soluble signaling factors (chemical messengers) that cells/organisms receive as biological "help" in the form of feedback signals sent by non-irradiated cells/individuals are considered. The ways of implementing the two identified types of the "rescue effect" are discussed. The type of ionizing radiation used, its dose range, the spectrum of irradiated and non-irradiated cells, and the various biological endpoints are crucial in order to differentiate or combine the two phenomena into a single phenomenon. In the future, this will not only be fundamental, but also of great practical importance related to drug development, optimization of radiotherapy methods and improvement of treatment outcomes for cancer patients.
From Manipulative Masterminds to Flirtatious Fools: An Examination of Male Sweet Voice Archetypes in Anime
Authors: Lewis Finnigan
Published: December 2024

Anime characters make use of many linguistic features, such as grammatical patterns, vocabulary, and vocal quality, to index specific character traits or archetypes. This includes both “role language”, associated with membership in social groups, and “character language”, associated with more abstract traits such as personality. This paper aims to expand upon the description of the archetypes conveyed through a traditionally feminine vocal quality called “sweet voice” and discusses how the use of this style in anime has broadened to encompass more masculine characters and archetypes as well. While women using sweet voice tend to be considered mature and genuine, interpretation of male sweet voice can range from gentlemanly, to morally questionable and manipulative, to something closer to flirtatious comic relief. Male sweet voice characters, similar to their female counterparts, have certain patterns in their word choice and grammatical speaking styles, although these stylistic patterns are less universal for male characters. Not only are the male sweet voice archetypes in anime different from those of female sweet voice characters, but these male characters are also able to freely swap styles, in vocal quality, vocabulary and grammar, where female characters cannot. Furthermore, the use of female sweet voice patterns by male voice actors can be used specifically to code characters as transgender women, something not possible with female sweet voice. These differences demonstrate that male sweet voice is not just female sweet voice overlaid onto male characters, but rather a specific evolution of the female styles specific to male characters.
Using Anime in Teaching and Understanding Major International Relations (IR) Theories: A Case Study of How a Realist Hero Rebuilt the Kingdom
Authors: Candelaria Nathaniel
Published: December 2024

The literature on Political Science education has already established the use of popular culture in teaching International Relations (IR) theories. However, the same recognition does not extend to anime despite its documented potential as an educational tool in the literature. This paper argues that anime contributes to IR and Political Science literature both as an object of study and as a tool in teaching and understanding major IR theories. Using the case of How a Realist Hero Rebuilt the Kingdom (Realist Hero), this paper demonstrates how major IR theories can also be illustrated through this series. Though earlier analyses of the series focused on realism, this paper builds on those analyses and, at the same time, utilizes other major theories, such as liberalism and constructivism. These three major IR theories were then used to analyze the international politics of the Realist Hero series by focusing on the significant events that transpired in the two-season anime series by J.C. Staff, Co., Ltd., as well as the continuation of its story in the light novel format, written by Dojyamaru.
Syllabus: Intro to Japanese Animation
Authors: Stirek Lindsey
Published: December 2024

This is an example syllabus for a university-level course on Japanese animation.
Insights and Trends in Open Note Access: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Badwal Randeep Singh , Cavo Paul , Panesar Mandip
Published: December 2024

Background

As of 2021, at least 4 out of every 5 hospitals offered patients access to clinical notes via a web-based patient portal, a number that is expected to grow because of the 21st Century Cures Act. There is limited data on how open note use may have evolved over time or which types of clinical interactions were viewed most in the outpatient setting.

Objective

This study aims to analyze trends in outpatient open note access over time; characterize usage in terms of age, sex, and clinical interaction type; and assess the method of access to help uncover areas of improvement in patient engagement and identify further areas of research.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted at Erie County Medical Center from November 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, to coincide with the time that open notes went live. Outpatient note access and account logs were downloaded from the portal and combined into a single dataset consisting of 18,384 note accesses by 4615 users, with column headings of the patient index, sex, age, note title that was accessed, clinical interaction type, time stamp of note creation, time stamp of access, and method of access (web vs mobile). A separate table was created with sex data for all 35,273 portal accounts. Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Power Query were used to combine and analyze the data.

Results

During the study period, 4615 portal users viewed 12,150 documents for a total of 18,384 times, averaging 2.6 notes per patient viewed 4 times. Only 13.1% (4615/35,273) of all portal inpatient and outpatient registrants viewed their outpatient notes. There was a female predominance in those who viewed notes (2926/4615, 63.4%; P<.001), while 56.8% (20,047/35,273) of all portal registrants were female. Users in their 30s and 50s accessed more notes than other age groups. The ratio of mobile-to-web access of notes tended to decrease as a function of increasing age, which was not observed in those aged ≥90 years. Notes regarding COVID-19 assessments were the most accessed among all clinical interactions (4725/12,150, 38.9%). Overall, the number of users accessing notes reached a maximum of 1968 before declining to 1027 by the end of the study period.

Conclusions

Open note access was largely dominated by COVID-19 assessments, and the number of users viewing their notes has declined over time as the pandemic subsided. Furthermore, female patients and those aged in their 30s as well as 50s viewed more notes than other groups. Finally, the percentage of notes viewed via a mobile device tended to decrease as a function of increasing age, showing that web-based access of open notes is an important modality for older patients.
Exploring Nursing Students’ Experiences of Empathy and User Experiences in an Immersive Virtual Reality Simulation Game: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Koivisto Jaana-Maija , Kämäräinen Sanna , Mattsson Katri , Jumisko-Pyykkö Satu , Ikonen Riikka , Haavisto Elina
Published: December 2024

Background

Empathy is associated with better clinical outcomes and patient-care experiences, and it has been demonstrated that training can improve nursing students’ empathy. The use of virtual reality (VR) as an experiential learning strategy may increase the empathetic behavior of caregivers. Although much research exists on the use of VR in education, there is still little research on learning empathy in nursing education through immersive VR games that include a head-mounted display and hand controllers. In addition, it is important to study both learning and user experiences in nursing education that utilizes VR technology.

Objective

This study aims to explore nursing students’ experiences of empathy and user experiences in an immersive VR simulation game.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was used. A total of 52 graduating nursing students from 3 universities of applied sciences in Finland participated in the study. The immersive VR simulation game employed in the study was played with a head-mounted display and hand controllers. The instruments used were the Basic Empathy Scale in Adults (BES-A) before the VR simulation gaming session and the Comprehensive State Empathy Scale (CSES) and AttrakDiff 2.0 Scale after the session.

Results

The students’ overall level of empathy experienced in the immersive VR simulation game was favorable (CSES; mean 2.9, SD 0.57). Participants who had a higher level of empathy (BES-A) before playing the immersive VR simulation game also experienced slightly more feelings of empathy after playing (CSES). However, the association between the measures was not statistically significant (r=0.187, P=.18). The overall empathy (CSES) experienced in the immersive VR simulation game was positively correlated with its subscales. The use of the VR simulation provided a positive user experience in all 4 factors of the AttrakDiff 2.0 Scale. Overall User Experience and Emotion Sharing correlated negatively (r=−0.248, P=.042), as did Attractiveness and Emotion Sharing (r=−0.327, P=.018). Hedonic Quality Stimulation correlated negatively with Cognitive Empathy (r=–0.279, P=.045).

Conclusions

The results of this study indicate that the use of an immersive VR simulation game in nursing education as a means of increasing empathy seems promising and justified. The immersive VR simulation game offered positive user experiences, which further supported the idea of implementing it in education. However, more research is needed on what kinds of VR environments are the most effective in promoting empathy among nursing students. Furthermore, when using VR technology in learning, one should consider that the VR setting must not be too technical but rather simple, straightforward, and predictable.
Fertility Decline in Malawi: A Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Palamuleni Martin Enock
Published: December 2024

Fertility in Malawi has been declining since the late 1980s. Total Fertility Rate is reported to have declined by 1.1 children per woman from 5.7 in 2010 to 4.6 in 2015. This reduction indicates a continuing rapid decline in fertility in the country. In view of the foregoing, this study aims to examine the influence of the age structure of the population, nuptiality, and marital fertility on fertility in Malawi. This study used the Malawi Demographic and Health Survey data from 1992, 2000, 2004, 2010, and 2015–2016. Standardization and decomposition methods were used to re-examine fertility trends in Malawi. The results confirms that fertility is declining in Malawi and the fall is clustered among women younger than 30 years of age. The contribution of marital fertility to the decline of Total Fertility Rate was 65.0% during the period 1992–2000, 89.5% during 2000–2004, 2.6% during 2004–2010, and 4.3% during 2010–2015, respectively. Over the same period, the respective contribution of the proportion married was 29.4%, 10.8%, 77.9%, and 92.6%. These percentages suggest that marital fertility followed by proportion of married were important factors before 2005. After 2005, fertility levels and patterns in Malawi are largely influenced by nuptiality. However, there is need for further studies to explain the marriage and fertility nexus in the Malawian context.
The Effect of Per Capita Expenditure on the Working Status of the Elderly in Indonesia
Authors: Amania Atina Asyfa , Usman Hardius
Published: December 2024

The increasing number of elderly people indicates that Indonesia has begun to enter the second demographic bonus. This stage can be beneficial if the elderly remain productive and contribute to development. One of the things closely related to the elderly population and remains the development capital is their work activity. In Indonesia, the percentage of elderly who work also continues to increase yearly. However, most of them have low per capita expenditure, indicating that their low welfare motivates the elderly to work. This research aims to study the general description and characteristics of the elderly and working elderly in Indonesia, examine the effect of per capita expenditure on their working status, and analyze the differences in the effect considering other variables. The data is sourced from the March 2023 National Socio-Economic Survey (NSES), and the study utilizes binary logistic regression with interaction effects. The results showed that per capita expenditure has a significant effect on the working status of the elderly, but the effect is different in terms of place of residence, age, gender, head of household status, marital status, education level, health complaint status, and ownership of health insurance.
The Child Marriage Trends in 3T Regions of Sumatra: The Impact of Law No. 16/2019 and the Covid-19 Pandemic on Poor Communities
Authors: Wahyuni Budi , Nur Ratih Hidayah , Purwatiningsih Sri
Published: December 2024

The study "Identification of Changes in Marriage Trends Age < 19 years Post the Law No. 16/ 2019 and in Covid Age 19 in Rural and Urban Poor, in 3T (Outer, Remote, and Frontier) Region of Sumatra Island" was carried out by PERMAMPU (Perempuan Sumatra Mampu) in 26 villages distributed over 26 districts, in 8 provinces on the island of Sumatra, using the FPAR (Feminist Participatory Action Research) method. This study is undermined by PERMAMPU's concerns about the increasing data and practice of child marriage and early marriage <19 years especially in the countryside, although the Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974, which previously allowed 16 years of marriage for women and 19 years for men, has been reduced to a minimum age of 19 years in women and men through the Law No.1 of 2019. The FPAR method focuses on the life stories of women and related stakeholders. The information and data obtained from 1,147 sources (986 women & 161 men) resulted in 32 case studies. In addition to qualitative data, also obtained quantitative data that showed an increasing trend in child-age marriage practices. This is typically caused by, among other things, a lack of understanding of Law No. 16 of 2019 and a low level of education about sexual and reproductive health rights, which led to unwanted pregnancies, school dropouts, and poverty.
ProfComm 2024: в центре внимания частные сети LTE/5G
Authors: Попов С.А.
Published: December 2024

14 ноября в Москве состоялся XI Международный форум о профессиональных сетях и системах связи ProfComm 2024, организованный Информационной группой ComNews и во многом продолжающий многолетнюю историю российских форумов, известных до 2020 года под названием "Профессиональная мобильная радиосвязь". Особое внимание в репортаже уделено тематике частных беспроводных сетей pLTE/5G.
Внедрение российских базовых станций стартует в 2025 году
Authors: Попов С.А.
Published: December 2024

Более 300 участников собрала в Санкт-Петербурге 28 ноября главная экспертная пло-
щадка по тематике технологического суверенитета в телеком-отрасли – второй в году
совмещенный демодень индустриальных центров компетенций (ИЦК) "Мобильная связь" и "Фиксированная связь".
Технологии MANET в профессиональной подвижной радиосвязи
Authors: Лексин А.В. , Илешин С.А.
Published: December 2024

Рассмотрены основные особенности беспроводной технологии MANET, проведено сравнение ее с другими цифровыми технологиями профессиональной подвижной радиосвязи. Кратко представлено оборудование MANET разработки российской компании "Радиодинамика".
Сравнение производительности и помехоустойчивости МППЧ-кодов стандартов DVB-S2X и 5G NR
Authors: Портной С.Л. , Никитин С.Е. , Волошин А.Д. , Муляр А.А.
Published: December 2024

Для реализации конвергентной системы, интегрирующей спутниковую и мобильную связь, необходимо применять сложные методы канального кодирования. В статье рассматривается применение кодов класса МППЧ в стандартах DVB-S2X и 5G NR.
Обзор моделей спектрального зондирования сигналов LTE и NR
Authors: Фокин Г.А.
Published: December 2024

Работа посвящена обзору моделей использования искусственного интеллекта для опре-
деления приемником когнитивного радио информации о структуре целевого сигнала
на основе нейросетевого подхода. Описывается порядок работы моделей захвата и раз-
метки сигналов LTE и 5G NR при спектральном зондировании. Для идентификации сигналов LTE и NR используются модели глубокого обучения нейронной сети семантической сегментации. Рассмотренный комплекс моделей может быть использован для практической реализации спектрального зондирования при динамическом доступе к спектру в перспективных сетях когнитивного радио.
"Гудвин": от DECT к IIoT
Authors: Сергеев П.
Published: December 2024

В состоявшейся 26−28 ноября в МВЦ "Крокус Экспо" выставке-форуме "Электроника России" после определенного перерыва приняла участие компания "Концерн Гудвин (Гудвин Европа)", резидент особой экономической зоны "Технополис Москва". На стенде компании, известной с 1997 года как ведущий в стране разработчик и производитель систем беспроводной микросотовой связи в общепромышленном и взрывозащищенном исполнениях, были представлены также ее новейшие разработки в области систем мониторинга персонала.
A Study on the Helium Selenium Laser
Authors: Jalil Muhammad Arif Bin
Published: December 2024

Metal-vapour lasers include helium-selenium lasers. This laser operates in a similar manner to the helium cadmium
laser. When selenium transitions between its excited states, spontaneous emission takes place. This laser emits radiation at up to
24 distinct wavelengths. The wavelengths are located in the spectrum's red and ultraviolet regions.[22]
EKOLOJİK BASKI TEKNİKLERİNDEN TATAKİ-ZOME YÖNTEMİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Uzun Zübeyde , Batur Meral , Teke Rumeysa , Günaydın Eyüp
Published: December 2024

Sanat ile doğa arasındaki bağ insanlık tarihi boyunca devam etmektedir. Artan nüfus ve gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte dünyanın kaynakları azalmaya başlamış bunun aksine insan kaynaklı çevre kirliliği önemli oranda artmıştır. Doğanın bir parçası olduğumuzu hatırladığımız son zamanlarda insan kaynaklı çevre problemlerinin etkilerini daha aza indirgemek amacıyla insanlar, yaşamlarını sürdürdükleri dünya üzerinde alternatif arayışlar içerisine girmiştir. Bu alternatif arayışlar, bireyleri yaşadıkları dünyaya karşı daha bilinçli hale getirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Doğaya olan ilgi günlük hayatta kullanılan ihtiyaçların doğal yöntemlerle doğaya en az zarar verecek şekilde alternatif yöntemlerin keşfedilmesine veya ilkel yöntemlerin günümüze uyarlanarak kullanılmasına imkan sağlamıştır. Böylece dünya üzerindeki insanlar için daha sürdürülebilir, yer altı ve yer üstü kaynaklarını daha dikkatli kullanılması gerektiğini hatırlatan, çevreye duyarlı ve hassas bireylerin yetiştirilmesinde farkındalık yaratan görüşler ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Sürdürülebilir dünya arayışları sonucunun bir parçası olan ekolojik baskı tekniği son zamanlarda oldukça popüler hale gelmiştir. Ekolojik temelli ve sürdürülebilir bir manifestoya sahip Tataki-Zome yöntemi bu araştırmanın konusudur. Bu bağlamda Tataki-Zome tekniğinde farklı bitkiler denenerek sonuçlarına bakılmıştır. Denemeler sonucunda mor yapraklı süs yoncası, yaprak güzeli (kolyoz) ve mor telgraf çiçeklerinin yaprakları ile Tataki-Zome tekniğinde keten üzerine baskı çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu bitkilerden farklı renk tonları elde edilmiştir. Bu araştırma, ekolojik sanatın, ekolojik baskı tekniklerinin ve özellikle Tataki-Zome tekniğinin günümüz sanatı bağlamında anlaşılmasını sağlaması açısından önemli görülmektedir.
Development of Remote-Controlled Self-Propelled Flax Windrow Turner
Authors: Solovyov S. V. , Romanenko V. Yu. , Chernikov V. G.
Published: December 2024

The paper highlights efforts by major global engineering companies to develop agricultural robotic systems, with a particular focus on universal unmanned mobile energy vehicles designed to perform technological operations autonomously. Analysis of current machinery for harvesting and preparing flax straw indicates a lack of sufficient automation and robotization in these processes. Among the operations involved in flax harvesting, turning is defined as the least energy-intensive. In this regard, research has begun on the development of a remotely controlled, self-propelled flax windrow turner, with potential for further adaptation to autonomous operation. (Research purpose) The study aims to substantiate the optimal operating modes and develop a power electrical circuit for a remotely controlled, self-propelled flax windrow turner equipped with an electric drive. (Materials and methods) The study provides a theoretical basis for the conveyor's linear speed in relation to the rectilinear motion of the flax turner. (Results and discussions) The study identified the following operating modes for the flax windrow turner: the conveyor's angular velocity was determined to be 4.63 radians per second, with a machine speed of 2.78 meters per second. Considering the machine's weight, 7.00-12 F-42-1 drive wheels were selected, with tires that offer excellent road traction and maneuverability. The drive wheels had a load index of 133, an outer diameter of 660 millimeters, and a profile width of no more than 195 millimeters without load. Additionally, a power electrical circuit was designed for a remotely controlled self-propelled flax windrow turner. (Conclusions) The study determined the operating modes for an electrified radio-controlled, self-propelled flax windrow turner and proposed a powered electrical circuit for designing the units and assemblies of machinery used in flax straw harvesting.