bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENERIMAAN DAERAH PADA SEKTOR PARIWISATA DI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT 2013 -2022
Authors: Irawan Edi
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi penerimaan daerah pada sektor pariwisata di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat tahun 2012-2013. maka kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu: Tingkat jumlah wisatawan yang menginap di hotel pada Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat, jumlah kunjungan wisatawan pada objek wisata di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat serta jumlah usaha produk industri pariwisata di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perkembangan penerimaan daerah sektor pariwisata pada Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat periode 2013 – 2022. Hal tersebut bisa dilihat dari tabel uji F dengan nilai signifikansi α = 0,05 atau 0,000 < 0,05 sehingga Ha dinyatakan diterima. Berdasarkan kesimpulan diatas maka dapat disarankan berupa peningkatan penerimaan daerah pada sektor pariwisata di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat haruslah didukung dengan meningkatkan tingkat jumlah wisatawan yang menginap di hotel, jumlah kunjungan wisatawan pada objek wisata serta jumlah usaha produk industri pariwisata di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Kemudian harapan peneliti kedepannya agar peneliti berikutnya bisa mengangkat isu –isu yang terkait pada perkembangan penerimaan daerah di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat pada sektor pariwisata sehingga bisa meningkatkan pembangunan daerah.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI PENGENDALIAN STOCK BARANG DENGAN METODE ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY (EOQ) (STUDI KASUS : UD. ZAM ZAM HERBAL BLORA)
Authors: Rasminto Hendri , Sahid Nur
Published: August 2023

Increasing technology is supported by adequate facilities and infrastructure, proving that now information has become a basic need in human life. In the current business development, both in industry and in trade, they compete with each other to seize the market. To meet customer demand for a product, especially at UD.Zam Zam Herbal Blora, usually a certain amount of inventory (Stock) is kept in anticipation of customer demand. At UD. Zam Zam Herbal Blora a number of supplies called stock that are stored often experience excess or shortage. Besides, the database is needed to make it easier to check the data of goods entering and leaving the warehouse to facilitate the work of the leadership. The use of the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method can help UD. Zam Zam Herbal Blora in determining the number of units ordered in order to achieve minimum ordering costs and inventory costs. The purpose of this research is to assist related companies in solving stock control problems as well as in making several reports that are given to the leadership.
PENGARUH UKURAN KLIEN DAN UKURAN KAP TERHADAP FEE AUDIT
Authors: Alifian Daud , Nur Afandi Venda , Wahyu Kusuma Yohan , Pramiana Omi
Published: August 2023

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengatahui pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan dan Ukuran Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP) Terhadap Fee Audit pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Variabel pada penelitian ini adalah Ukuran Perusahaan dan Ukuran Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP) sebagai Variabel Independen dan Variabel Fee Audit sebagai Variabel Dependen.Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2017- 2019. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling, sampel yang digunakan 14 perusahaan dengan 42 sampel selama tiga tahun penelitian. Metode analisis yang digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel indenpenden terhadap variabel dependen adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ukuran Perusahaan Berpengaruh secara Positif terhadap Fee Audit, Sedangkan Ukuran KAP tidak berpengaruh terhadap Fee Audit.
Three-dimensional ionospheric conductivity associated with pulsating auroral patches: Reconstruction from ground-based optical observations
Authors: Fukizawa Mizuki , Tanaka Yoshimasa , Ogawa Yasunobu , Hosokawa Keisuke , Raita Tero
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Pulsating auroras (PsAs) appear over a wide area within the aurora oval from the midnight sector to the noon sector. In previous studies, observations by magnetometers onboard satellites have reported the presence of field-aligned currents (FACs) near the edges and interiors of pulsating aurora patches. PsAs are thus a key research target for understanding the magnetosphere–ionosphere coupling process. However, the three-dimensional (3-D) structure of the electric currents has yet to be clarified, since each satellite observation is limited to the single dimension along its orbit. This study’s aim was a reconstruction of the 3-D structure of ionospheric conductivity, which is necessary to elucidate the 3-D ionospheric current. Tomographic analysis was used to estimate the 3-D ionospheric conductivity for rapidly changing auroral phenomena such as PsAs. The reconstructed Hall conductivity reached its maximum value of 1.4 × 10–3 S m–1 at 94 km altitude, while the Pedersen conductivity reached its maximum value of 2.6 × 10–4 S m–1 at 116 km altitude. The Pedersen conductivity, which is driven by the motion of electrons, exhibited a secondary peak value of 9.9 × 10–5 S m–1 at 86 km altitude. The electron Pedersen conductivity maximum value in the D region was approximately 38 % of the ion Pedersen conductivity maximum value in the E region. The FAC, derived under the assumption of a uniform ionospheric electric field, was approximately 70 µA m–2 near the edge of the PsA patch. This FAC value was approximately 10 times that observed by satellites in previous studies. If the conductivity around the patch is underestimated or the assumption of a uniform field distribution is incorrect, the FAC could be overestimated. On the contrary, due to sharper boundary structures, the FAC could actually have had such a large FAC.
Historical variation in the normalized difference vegetation index compared with soil moisture in a taiga forest ecosystem in northeastern Siberia
Authors: Nogovitcyn Aleksandr , Shakhmatov Ruslan , Morozumi Tomoki , Tei Shunsuke , Miyamoto Yumiko , Shin Nagai , Maximov Trofim C. , Sugimoto Atsuko
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The taiga ecosystem in northeastern Siberia, a nitrogen-limited
ecosystem on permafrost with a dry climate, changed during the extreme wet
event in 2007. We investigated the normalized difference vegetation index
(NDVI) as a satellite-derived proxy for needle production and compared it
with ecosystem parameters such as soil moisture water equivalent (SWE),
larch foliar C/N ratio, δ13C and δ15N, and ring
width index (RWI) at the Spasskaya Pad Experimental Forest Station in Russia
for the period from 1999 to 2019. Historical variations in NDVI showed a
large difference between typical larch forest (unaffected) and the sites
affected by the extreme wet event in 2007 because of high tree mortality at
affected sites under extremely high SWE and waterlogging, resulting in a
decrease in NDVI, although there was no difference in the NDVI between
typical larch forest and affected sites before the wet event. Before 2007,
the NDVI in a typical larch forest showed a positive correlation with SWE
and a negative correlation with foliar C/N. These results indicate that not only the water availability (high SWE) in the previous summer and current
June but also the soil N availability likely increased needle production.
NDVI was also positively correlated with RWI, resulting from similar factors
controlling them. However, after the wet event, NDVI was negatively
correlated with SWE, while NDVI showed a negative correlation with foliar
C/N. These results indicate that after the wet event, high soil moisture
availability decreased needle production, which may have resulted from lower
N availability. Foliar δ15N was positively correlated with NDVI
before 2007, but foliar δ15N decreased after the wet event.
This result suggests damage to roots and/or changes in soil N dynamics due
to extremely high soil moisture. As a dry forest ecosystem, taiga in
northeastern Siberia is affected not only by temperature-induced drought but
also by high soil moisture (led by extreme wet events) and nitrogen
dynamics.
Cryogenic cave minerals recorded the 1889 CE melt event in northeastern Greenland
Authors: Donner Anika , Töchterle Paul , Spötl Christoph , Hajdas Irka , Li Xianglei , Edwards R. Lawrence , Moseley Gina E.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The investigation of cryogenic cave minerals (CCMs) has developed in recent decades to be a particularly valuable proxy for palaeo-permafrost reconstruction. Due to difficulties, however, in obtaining reliable
chronologies with the so-called “fine” form of these minerals, such
studies have thus far utilised the “coarse” form. In this study, we successfully investigate the northernmost-known deposit of fine-grained CCMs, which are situated in Cove Cave (Greenlandic translation: Eqik Qaarusussuaq), a low-elevation permafrost cave in northeastern Greenland (80∘ N). The Cove Cave CCMs display a complex mineralogy that consists of fine-grained cryogenic cave carbonates and sulfate minerals (gypsum, eugsterite, mirabilite, and löweite). Until now, previous attempts to date fine-grained CCMs have been unsuccessful; however, here we demonstrate that precise dating is possible with both isochron-based 230Th / U dating and 14C dating if the dead carbon fraction is reliably known. The dating result (65±17 a BP; 1885±17 CE) shows that the Cove Cave CCMs formed during the late Little Ice Age, a time interval characterised by cold temperatures and abundant permafrost in northeastern Greenland, making water infiltration into Cove Cave dependent on the water amount and latent heat. We relate the CCM formation to a combination of black carbon deposition and anomalously high temperatures, which led to widespread melting over large areas of the Greenland ice sheet in the course of a few days. We propose that the anomalous weather conditions of 1889 CE also affected northeastern Greenland, where the enhanced melting of a local ice cap resulted in water entering the cave and rapidly freezing. While calcite and gypsum likely precipitated concurrently with freezing, the origin of the other sulfate minerals might not be purely cryogenic but could be linked to the subsequent sublimation of this ice accumulation in a very dry cave environment.
Causal associations and predictability of the summer East Atlantic teleconnection
Authors: Carvalho-Oliveira Julianna , di Capua Giorgia , Borchert Leonard , Donner Reik , Baehr Johanna
Published: August 2023

Abstract. We apply Causal Effect Networks to evaluate the influence of spring North Atlantic extratropical surface temperatures (SST) on the summer East Atlantic Pattern (EA) seasonal predictability during the 20th century. We find in the ERA-20C reanalysis that a meridional SST gradient in spring (SST index) causally influences the summer EA, with an estimated causal effect expressed by a β-coefficient of about 0.2 (a 1 standard deviation change in spring SST index causes a 0.2 standard deviation change in the EA 3–4 months later). We only find this link to be causal, however, during the period 1958–2008. When performing the analysis on 45-year-long timeseries randomly sampled in this late period, we find the strength of the causal link to be affected by interannual variability, suggesting a potential modulation by an external physical mechanism. In addition to the summer EA, we find that spring SST has an estimated causal effect of about -0.2 on summer 2-metre air temperatures over northwestern Europe, possibly mediated by summer EA. We then use a pre-industrial and a historical simulation, as well as a 30-member initialised seasonal prediction ensemble with MPI-ESM-MR to test the model performance in reproducing the detected causal links in ERA-20C and to evaluate whether this performance might leave an imprint in the model predictive skill of European summer climate. We find that while MPI-ESM-MR is mostly unable to reproduce the causal link between spring SST and the summer EA among the different datasets, the 30-member initialised ensemble can moderately reproduce a causal link between spring SST and summer 2-metre air temperatures over a region west of the British Isles. We perform a predictive skill assessment conditioned on the spring SST causal links for July–August sea level pressure, 500 hPa geopotential height and 2-metre air temperatures for predictions initialised in May. Our results suggest that MPI-ESM-MR's performance in reproducing the spring SST causal links constrains the seasonal prediction skill of European summer climate.
Using EUREC4A/ATOMIC Field Campaign Data to Improve Trade-Wind Regimes in the Community Atmosphere Model
Authors: Graap Skyler , Zarzycki Colin M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Improving the prediction of clouds in shallow cumulus regimes via turbulence parameterization in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) will likely increase the global skill of global climate models (GCMs) because this cloud regime is common over tropical oceans where low cloud fraction has a large impact on Earth’s radiative budget. This study attempts to improve the prediction of PBL structure in tropical trade-wind regimes in the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) by updating its formulation of momentum flux in CLUBB (Cloud Layers Unified by Binormals), which currently does not by default allow for upgradient momentum fluxes. Hindcast CAM output from custom CLUBB configurations which permit countergradient momentum fluxes are compared to in-situ observations from weather balloons collected during the ElUcidating the RolE of Cloud–Circulation Coupling in ClimAte and Atlantic Tradewind Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Interaction Campaign (EUREC4A/ATOMIC) field campaign in the Tropical Atlantic in early 2020. Comparing a version with CAM-CLUBB with a prognostic treatment of momentum fluxes results in vertical profiles that better match previously published LES results. Countergradient fluxes are frequently simulated between 950 hPa and 850 hPa over the EUREC4A/ATOMIC period in CAM-CLUBB. Further modification to the PBL parameterization by implementing a more generalized calculation of the turbulent length scale reduces model bias and RMSE relative to sounding data. Benefits are also seen in the diurnal cycle, although more systematic model errors persist. A cursory budget analysis suggests the buoyant production of momentum fluxes, both above and below the jet maximum, significantly contributes to the frequency and depth of countergradient vertical momentum fluxes in the study region. This paper provides evidence that higher-order turbulence parameterizations may offer pathways for improving the simulation of trade-wind regimes in global models.
Analysis of model error in forecast errors of Extended Atmospheric Lorenz' 05 Systems and the ECMWF system
Authors: Bednář Hynek , Kantz Holger
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The forecast error growth as a function of lead time of atmospheric phenomena is caused by initial and model errors. When studying the initial error growth, it turns out that small scale phenomena, which contribute little to the forecast product, significantly affect the ability to predict this. The question under investigation is whether omitting these atmospheric phenomena will improve the predictability of the resulting value. The topic is studied in the extended Lorenz (2005) system. This system shows that omitting small spatiotemporal scales will reduce predictability more than modeling it. Generally, a system with model error (omitting phenomena) will not improve predictability. A theory explaining and describing this behavior is developed, with the difference between systems (model error) produced at each time step seen as the error of the initial conditions. The resulting model error is then defined as the sum of the increments of the time evolution of the initial conditions so defined. The theory is compared to the fit parameters that define the model error in certain approximations of the average forecast error growth. Parameters are interpreted in this context, and the hypotheses are used to estimate the errors described in the theory. It is proposed how to distinguish increments to prediction error growth from small spatiotemporal-scales phenomena and model error. Results are presented for the error growth of the ECMWF system, where a 40 % reduction in model error between 1987 and 2011 is calculated based on the developed theory, while over the same time, the instability of the system with respect to initial condition errors has grown.
Non-steady-state Stomatal Conductance Modeling and Its Implications: From Leaf to Ecosystem
Authors: Liu Ke , Wang Yujie , Magney Troy , Frankenberg Christian
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Accurate and efficient modeling of stomatal conductance (gs) has been a key challenge in vegetation models across scales. Current practice of most land surface models (LSMs) assumes steady-state gs and predicts stomatal responses to environmental cues as immediate jumps between stationary regimes. However, the response of stomata can be orders of magnitude slower than that of photosynthesis, and often cannot reach a steady state before the next model time-step, even on half-hourly time scales. Here, we implemented a simple dynamic gs model in the vegetation module of an LSM developed within the Climate Modeling Alliance, and investigated the potential biases caused by the steady-state assumption from leaf to canopy scales. In comparison with steady-state models, the dynamic model better predicted the coupled temporal response of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to changes in light intensity using leaf measurements. In ecosystem flux simulations, while the impact of gs hysteresis response may not be substantial in terms of daily or monthly integrated canopy fluxes, our results suggested the importance of considering this effect when quantifying fluxes in the mornings and evenings, and interpreting diurnal hysteresis patterns observed in ecosystem fluxes. Furthermore, prognostic modeling can bypass the A-Ci iterations required for steady-state simulations and can be robustly run with comparable computational costs. Overall, our study highlights the implications of dynamic gs modeling in improving the accuracy and efficiency of LSMs, and for advancing our understanding of plant-environment interactions.
Lake ecosystem tipping points and climate feedbacks
Authors: Hessen Dag Olav , Andersen Tom , Armstrong McKay David , Kosten Sarian , Meerhoff Mariana , Pickard Amy , Spears Bryan
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Lakes experience anthropogenically-forced changes that may initiate ecosystem feedbacks, in some cases reaching tipping points beyond which impacts become hard to reverse. Lakes are also important players in the global climate by ventilating a large share of terrestrial carbon back to the atmosphere as greenhouse gases, and will likely provide substantial feedbacks to climate change. In this paper we address various major changes in lake ecosystems, and discuss if tipping points can be identified, predicted, or prevented in them, along with their associated feedbacks to climate change. Potential tipping dynamics assessed include eutrophication-driven anoxia and internal phosphorus-loading, increased loading of organic matter from terrestrial to lake ecosystems (lake “browning”), lake formation or disappearance in response to cryosphere shifts, switching from nitrogen to phosphorus limitation, salinization, and the spread of invasive species. We also address other types of abrupt, or threshold-type shifts in lakes and ponds, and conclude on which tipping points are locally or regionally relevant. We identify a key set of co-drivers that could lead to self-sustaining feedbacks, with warming, browning, and eutrophication leading to increased lake stratification, heterotrophy, and algal mass, which separately or collectively drive benthic oxygen depletion and in turn increased greenhouse gas emissions (helping to drive further warming and organic matter loading) and internal phosphorus-loading (driving further eutrophication). Several of these processes can feature tipping points, which further warming will likely make easier to reach. We argue that the full importance of the vulnerability of lakes to climate and other anthropogenic impacts, as well as their feedback to climate is not yet fully acknowledged, so there is a need both for science and communication in this regard.
GPS displacement dataset for study of elastic surface mass variations
Authors: Peidou Athina , Argus Donald , Landerer Felix , Wiese David , Ellmer Matthias
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Quantification of uncertainty in surface mass change signals derived from GPS measurements poses challenges, especially when dealing with large datasets with continental or global coverage. This study recommends a method for preparing and processing GPS measurements for use in a future joint solution with GRACE(-FO)-like observations. We assess the structure and quantify the uncertainty of vertical land displacement derived from 3045 GPS stations distributed across the continental US. Monthly means of daily positions are available for 15 years. We list the required corrections to isolate surface mass signals in GPS estimates and screen the data using GRACE(-FO) as external validation. Evaluation of GPS timeseries is a critical step, which identifies a) corrections that were missed; b) sites that contain non-elastic signals (e.g., close to aquifers); and c) sites affected by background modelling errors (e.g., errors in the glacial isostatic model). Finally, we quantify uncertainty of GPS vertical land displacement (VLD) estimates through stochastic modeling and quantification of spatially correlated errors. Our aim is to assign weights to GPS estimates of VLD, which will be used in a joint solution with GRACE(-FO). We prescribe white, colored and spatially correlated noise. To quantify spatially correlated noise, we build on the common mode imaging approach adding a geophysical constraint (i.e., surface hydrology) to derive an error estimate for the surface mass signal. We study the uncertainty derived using each technique and find that three techniques exhibit an average noise level between 2–3 mm: white noise, flicker noise, and RMS of residuals about a seasonality and trend fit. Prescribing random walk noise increases the error level such that half of the stations have noise > 4 mm, which is systematic with the noise level derived through modeling of spatial correlated noise. The new data set is suitable for use in a future joint solution with GRACE(-FO)-like observations.
New model ensemble reveals how forcing uncertainty and model structure alter climate simulated across CMIP generations of the Community Earth System Model
Authors: Holland Marika M. , Hannay Cecile , Fasullo John , Jahn Alexandra , Kay Jennifer E. , Mills Michael , Simpson Isla R. , Wieder William , Lawrence Peter , Kluzek Erik , Bailey David
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Climate simulation uncertainties arise from internal variability, model structure, and external forcings. Model intercomparisons (such as the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project; CMIP) and single-model large ensembles have provided insight on uncertainty sources. Under the Community Earth System Model (CESM) project, large ensembles have been performed for CESM2 (a CMIP6-era model) and CESM1 (a CMIP5-era model). We refer to these as CESM2-LE and CESM1-LE. The external forcing used in these simulations changed to be consistent with their CMIP generation. As a result, differences between CESM2-LE and CESM1-LE ensemble means arise from changes in both model structure and forcing. Here we present new ensemble simulations which allow us to separate the influences of these model structural and forcing differences. Our new CESM2 simulations are run with CMIP5 forcings equivalent to those used in the CESM1-LE. We find a strong influence of historical forcing uncertainty due to aerosol effects on simulated climate. For the historical period, forcing drives reduced global warming and ocean heat uptake in CESM2-LE relative to CESM1-LE that is counteracted by the influence of model structure. The influence of model structure and forcing vary across the globe and the Arctic exhibits a distinct signal that contrasts with the global mean. For the 21st century, the importance of scenario forcing differences (SSP3-7.0 for CESM2-LE and RCP8.5 for CESM1-LE) is evident. The new simulations presented here allow us to diagnose the influence of model structure on 21st century change despite large scenario forcing differences, revealing that differences in the meridional distribution of warming are caused by model structure. Feedback analysis reveals that clouds and their impact on shortwave radiation explain many of these structural differences between CESM2 and CESM1. In the Arctic, albedo changes control transient climate evolution differences due to structural differences between CESM2 and CESM1.
The utility of simulated ocean chlorophyll observations: a case study with the Chlorophyll Observation Simulator Package (version 1) in CESMv2.2
Authors: Clow Genevieve , Lovenduski Nicole , Levy Michael , Lindsay Keith , Kay Jennifer
Published: August 2023

Abstract. For several decades, a suite of satellite sensors has enabled us to study the global spatiotemporal distribution of phytoplankton through remote sensing of chlorophyll. However, the satellite record has extensive missing data, partially due to cloud cover; regions characterized by the highest phytoplankton abundance are also some of the cloudiest. To quantify potential sampling biases due to missing data, we developed a satellite simulator for ocean chlorophyll in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) that mimics what a satellite would detect if it were present in the model-generated world. Our Chlorophyll Observation Simulator Package (ChlOSP) generates synthetic chlorophyll observations at model runtime. ChlOSP accounts for missing data – due to low light, sea ice, and cloud cover – and it can implement swath sampling. Results from a 50-year pre-industrial control simulation of CESM-ChlOSP suggest that missing data impacts the apparent mean state and variability of chlorophyll. The simulated observations exhibit a nearly -20 % difference in global mean chlorophyll compared with the standard model output, which is the same order of magnitude as the projected change in chlorophyll by the end of the century. Additionally, missing data impacts the apparent seasonal cycle of chlorophyll in subpolar regions. We highlight four potential future applications of ChlOSP: (1) refined model tuning, (2) evaluating chlorophyll-based NPP algorithms, (3) revised time to emergence of anthropogenic chlorophyll trends, and (4) a testbed for the assessment of gap-filling approaches for missing satellite chlorophyll data.
Monitoring snow water equivalent using the phase of RFID signals
Authors: Le Breton Mathieu , Larose Éric , Baillet Laurent , Lejeune Yves , van Herwijnen Alec
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The amount of water contained in a snowpack, known as
snow water equivalent (SWE), is used to anticipate the amount of snowmelt that could supply hydroelectric power plants, fill water reservoirs, or
sometimes cause flooding. This work introduces a wireless, non-destructive
method for monitoring the SWE of a dry snowpack. The system is based on an
array of low-cost passive radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags, placed
under the snow and read at 865–868 MHz by a reader located above the snow.
The SWE was deduced from the phase delay of the tag's backscattered
response, which increases with the amount of snow traversed by the
radiofrequency wave. Measurements taken in the laboratory, during snowfall events and over
4.5 months at the Col de Porte test field, were consistent with reference
measurements of cosmic rays, precipitation and snow pits. SWE accuracy was
±18 kg m−2 throughout the season (averaged over three tags) and
±3 kg m−2 during dry snowfall events (averaged over data from two
antennas and four or five tags). The overall uncertainty compared to snow
weighing was ±10 % for snow density in the
range 61–390 kg m−3. The main limitations observed were measurement
bias caused by wet snow (biased data were discarded) and the need for phase
unwrapping. The method has a number of advantages: it allows for continuous
measurement (1 min sampling rate in dry snow), it can provide complementary
measurement of tag temperature, it does not require the reception of
external data, and it opens the way towards spatialized measurements. The
results presented also demonstrate that RFID propagation-based sensing can remotely monitor the permittivity of a low-loss dielectric material with
scientific-level accuracy.
Topic Oriented Probability Based and Semi Supervised Document Clustering
Authors: Karthikeyan M. , Aruna P.
Published: August 2023

Clustering of related or similar objects has long been regarded as a potentially useful contribution for helping users to navigate an information space such as a document collection. But, the major challenge in document clustering is high dimensionality. Data mining and statistical techniques have been applied with some success to large set of documents to automatically produce meaningful subsets. Many clustering algorithms and techniques have been developed and implemented since the earliest days of computational information retrieval but as the sizes of document collections have grown, these techniques have not been scaled to large collections because of their computational overhead. Traditional document clustering is usually considered as an unsupervised learning. It cannot effectively group documents under user’s need. To solve this problem, the proposed system concentrates on an interactive text clustering methodology, topic oriented probability based and semi supervised document clustering. It suggests interactive approach for document clustering, to facilitate human refinement of clustering outputs. The proposed system evaluates system efficiency by implementing and testing the clustering results with Dbscan and K-means clustering algorithms. Experiment shows that the proposed document clustering algorithm performs with an average efficiency of 94.4% for various document categories.
On Some Complete Tripartite Graphs that Decline Continuous Monotonic Decomposition
Authors: Varghese Joseph , Antonysamy A.
Published: August 2023

A collection of complete tripartite graphs, viz., K1,3,m, K2,3m, K2,5m and K3,5,m do not accept Continuous Monotonic Decomposition(CMD). It is shown that by an addition or removal of a single edge will make these graphs accept CMD. Eventually, the discussion helps to find a series of numbers which are not triangular.
Image Fusion Methods and Quality Assessment Parameters
Authors: Patil Varsha , Sale Deepali , Joshi M. A.
Published: August 2023

Image processing techniques primarily focus upon enhancing the quality of an image or a set of images and to derive the maximum information from them. Image Fusion is such a technique of producing a superior quality image from a set of available images. It is the process of combining relevant information from two or more images into a single image wherein the resulting image will be more informative and complete than any of the input images. A lot of research is being done in this field encompassing areas of Computer Vision, Automatic object detection, Image processing, parallel and distributed processing, Robotics and remote sensing. In this paper, we have described the various 11 fusion methods (IHS, PCA, Pyramid method, Wavelet transform etc.) and the different quality assessment parameter (PSNR, MSE, average difference, NAE etc.) used to assess the quality of the fused image. The various application areas of image fusion are also included in this paper.
CRN Application to Predict the NOx Emissions for Industrial Combustion Chamber
Authors: Thanh Hao Nguyen , Jungkyu Park
Published: August 2023

The development of chemical reactor network (CRN) models to predict the NOx emissions is very important for the modern combustion system design. In this study, the new chemical reactor network models are constructed based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the burning process of the industrial combustor. The boundary and the operating conditions used for these CRN models reflect the typical operating conditions of the industrial combustor. The global mechanism has been developed by GRI 3.0 in the UW chemical reactor code. For the reliability of the predictive models, the models were analyzed and compared to the experimental industrial combustor research. Finally, the CRN models have shown to be efficient estimating accurately NOx emissions with a very short response time.
Optimisation of High Frequency Seam Welding Parameters By Taguchi Method
Authors: Garg Satish , Banwait S. S. , Kumar Ravneet
Published: August 2023

Seam welding is a versatile and most widely used method of fabrication in pipe and tube industries. A seam weld is a series of overlapping resistance spot welds made progressively along a joint by rotating circular electrodes. With the operating conditions becoming more and more stringent and the increased use of seam welded pipe joints in Industrial and domestic pipelines, the improvement in mechanical properties have become increasingly important. In this study, process parameters viz. Welding current, frequency of current, Roll Pressure and weld speed of Therma Tool welding machine were studied at three levels in a reputed company of Northern India by using L9(3)4 orthogonal arrays of Taguchi method to study tensile strength of electric resistance welding of pipes of 15 mm diameter of Class B. “Welding speed” was found to be contributing the most i.e. 45.43% in variation of Tensile strength followed by “roll pressure” which is contributing 22.93%. The parameter “Welding Current” contributing 20.92% and “Weld current frequency” is affecting least to variation being 10.58% of total variation of process. Lower levels of weld speed and Roll pressure, medium level of welding current and higher level of current frequency resulted in improvement in Tensile strength of pipes by 11.8%.
A Study On Hybrid WECSM Setup During Cutting of E-Glass Fibre Epoxy Composite
Authors: Malik Anup , Samir Sushant , Manna Alakesh
Published: August 2023

Some of the well known non-conventional machining processes like electrical discharge machining (EDM), wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) etc. are not suitable for machining of electrically nonconductive ceramic materials. E-glass fibre epoxy composite is a nonconductive ceramic material hence it is difficult to machine by the above mentioned machining processes. However, this material can be machined with conventional machining but compromise with accuracy, surface texture and micro cutting. Keeping in view, a hybrid machining setup is designed and fabricated based on the combined of both electro chemical machining (ECM) and WEDM technique. The fabricated wire electrochemical spark machining (WECSM) setup is utilized to machine e-glass fibre epoxy composite. This paper presents the results during machining of e-glass fibre epoxy composite on fabricated WECSM setup. The effect of different parameters of developed WECSM setup on machining performance characteristics such as material removal and spark gap width have been explain through various graphs. Test results and thereafter analysis show that the DC supply voltage and electrolyte concentration are most significant parameters on material removal and spark gap width. This practical research analysis on developed WECSM setup will provide new guidelines to the modern researchers and manufacturing engineers.
A Novel Approach for Data Storage Security in Multicloud Computing
Authors: Parthiban K. , Priyadharshini V. M.
Published: August 2023

In cloud a service the main tedious problems are security and secrete maintains of the information, with the help of Multicloud services security can be enhanced and privacy can be maintained. Along with these data are encrypted by the data owner and that data are stored in cloud database. It will be more secured. For sharing the resource and information Multicloud approach can be performed. Data owner maintains the information security, The cloud is general storage any one can access the service. Many security problem raised in cloud computing. However, despite the potential gains achieved from the cloud computing freely accessible resource is still questionable which impacts the cloud adoption. Many misusing problem arise in cloud computing .To solve this problem multiple cloud approach and encrypting technique is used is proposed for enhancing security and privacy.
Multi-Path Routing and Wavelength Assignment Algorithm (RWA) for WDM Based Optical Networks
Authors: Sakthivel P. , Krishna Sankar P.
Published: August 2023

In optical WDM networks, transmission of information along optical lines is advantageous since it has high transmission capacity, scalability, feasibility and also high reliability. But large amount of information is being carried; any problem during transmission can lead to severe damage to the data being carried. Hence it is essential to consider the routing as well as the wavelength assignment problems and then develop a combined solution for both the problems. In this paper, we propose to develop a routing and wavelength assignment algorithm for selecting the suitable alternate path for the data packets transmission. Two stages are based on the available bandwidth and the number of wavelength used in the link as construction of alternate paths, route and wavelength selection. In proposed work, Adaptive Routing and First-Fit Wavelength Assignment (AR-FFWA) algorithm to be used. For each pair of source and destination, the path with the minimum granularity values are selected as the primary path for data transmission, allocating the sufficient wavelength. This algorithm thus provides a reliable, dynamic path for the data transmission and Dynamic RMSA with HSMR algorithm to be used and the performances will be evaluated by using ns-2 simulation models. When we compared to existing system the overall blocking probability will be reduced to too low.
Effect of L/D Ratio and the Temperature on MR Fluid Squeeze Film Damper Performance
Authors: Saravanakumar G. , Ravikumar L.
Published: August 2023

Magnetorheological fluid squeeze film dampers are latest devices used to ease out small amplitude, large force vibrations in high speed aircraft jet engines to provide external damping. Magnetorheological fluids are controllable fluids wherein the rheological properties of the fluid like viscosity can be controlled by varying the magnetic field intensity to meet the demands of the rotor dynamic system. Magnetorheological fluids can be utilized in squeeze film dampers, to provide variable stiffness and damping at a particular excitation frequency by controlling the current through the coils of the magnet. A study is carried out to establish the dynamic characteristics of these fluids as a function of temperature. The temperature is raised by 10oC as given in the literature and variation in viscosity and its effect on dynamic characteristics is evaluated theoretically. These characteristics are found to be decreasing with increase in temperature. The dynamic characteristics are evaluated and their effects are studied very clearly for every 10oC rise in temperature. The aim of the research is to provide information of the temperature effect and the L/D ratio on Magnetorheological fluid squeeze film dampers as the aircraft jet engine rotors are located in a zone of high temperature gradients in addition to the heat generated due to the current in the magnetic coils and the damper fluid is sensitive to large variations in temperature.
Study and Implementation of Quality Improvement Techniques to Improve the Consistency in Cold Crushing Strength of Iron Ore Pellets
Authors: Sarda Aditya , Nithesh Naik , Krishna Navneeth , Shrivastva Tarun , Prabhu Arun
Published: August 2023

Iron ore pellets plays vital role in the success of the steel industry across the globe. Maintaining consistent quality of pellets is very important to achieve good reducibility and productivity at both blast furnace and direct reduction processes. Physical parameters like cold crushing strength and shatter index of iron ore pellets are very critical for their handling and use. Cold crushing strength (CCS) of iron ore pellets varies widely from as low as 80 Kgf / pellets to as high as 350 Kgf /pellets depending upon the input material quality and the process variables. The most preferred range of CCS of iron ore pellets is 180-240 Kg f / pellets which were normally found in the proportion of 35-40% at the plant. The current investigation focuses on study and implementation of various quality improvement techniques to increase the proportion to the level of 60-70% and improve the cold crushing strength of iron ore pellets.
Effect of “U” Shaped and Dome Shaped Baffles on Damping for Slosh Supression
Authors: Mothilal R. , Rajendran S. , Sundararajan T.
Published: August 2023

Propellant sloshing in launch vehicles is a general problem of concern to space technologists. Sloshing can be suppressed by several techniques and one of them is by using baffles. Here, a study of some of the novel baffle configurations for the suppression of sloshing is carried out. Experiment is conducted on “U” shaped and Dome shaped baffle configurations. When compared to the Dome shaped baffle, “U” shaped baffle is giving a higher maximum value of damping ratio. In comparison to the fl at annular ring baffle, it is surprising that both the “U” shaped and Dome shaped baffles are found to yield lower value of maximum damping. This is surmised to be perhaps due to the liquid interior to the inner edge surface of baffle behaving as a liquid mass in a separate container with the baffle being unable to restrain this oscillation.
Effect of Specimen Dimensions on Investigation of Modulus of Rigidity in Torsion Testing
Authors: Patil Rajkumar D. , Gore Purushottam N.
Published: August 2023

In the present paper, the effect of different specimen dimensions on the modulus of rigidity of mild steel (AISI 1020) in torsion testing is investigated. The experiments were conducted with dimension variables such as total length, useful length, outer diameter and fillet radius at different levels. For every combination of dimension variables, modulus of rigidity was found. To obtain optimum value of modulus of rigidity, the experimental data was used and effect of varying levels of each variables on the modulus of rigidity was investigated. The Taguchi parameter design and optimization approach is used. Percentage contribution of each dimension variable to decide modulus of rigidity is also calculated by ANOVA approach.
Relay Selection in Adaptive Buffer-Aided Space-Time Coding with TAS for Cooperative Wireless Networks
Authors: Ahvanth B. , Ramassamy E.
Published: August 2023

In this work, we propose an adaptive buffer-aided space-time coding scheme for cooperative wireless networks. A maximum likelihood receiver and adjustable code vectors are considered subject to a power constraint with an amplify-and forward cooperation strategy. Each relay is equipped with a buffer and is capable of storing the received symbols before forwarding them to the destination. We also present an adaptive relay selection and a new hybrid relay selection protocol, in which the instantaneous signal to noise ratio in each link is calculated and compared at the destination. The transmit antenna selection (TAS) is adopted at the destination where a single transmit antenna at the transmitter and relay that maximizes the instantaneous received signal-to-noise ratio is selected for further transmissions to improve the performance of co-operative network. A stochastic gradient algorithm is then developed to compute the parameters of the adjustable code vector with reduced computational complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed buffer-aided schemes with TAS obtain performance gains over existing schemes.
AUMFOR: Automated Memory Forensics for Malware Analysis
Authors: Rughani Vimal , Rughani Parag H.
Published: August 2023

Day by day cyber crimes and attacks are growing exponentially, every year companies in worldwide lose billions of dollars due to cyber attacks. It has became very essential to investigate and indentify root of cyber attack. One of the popular techniques of investigating is Memory Forensics, which refers to analysis of volatile data in computer’s memory dump. Investigators conduct necessary memory forensics to investigate and identify attacks or malicious behaviours that do not leave easily detectable tracks on hard drive data. There are varieties of tools available for RAM analysis including Volatility, which currently dominates open source RAM forensic tools. However, use of volatility requires knowledge of command line tool and dynamic as well as static malware analysis; it becomes very complex and tedious process. The work mentioned in document is aimed to help forensic investigators and researchers by providing GUI based Tool for Automated Memory Forensics (AUMFOR). AUMFOR do perform all complex and tedious work automatically, it also analyzes and gives final accurate reports about possibilities of use of malware in committing a crime.
Semantic Approach for Multifarious Ranked Novelty and Diversity in News Recommendations
Authors: Agarwal Shikha
Published: August 2023

Information overload on web creates lots of inconvenience for end users to unearth requisite information which instigate the demand of personalized recommendations. Recommender systems strive to attain just accuracy in recommendations based on the history of user preferences, resulting in over specialized recommendations. This leads to gradual loss of user’s interest in the system. These approaches also fail to recommend other products in long list which could be of user interest but user is not aware of. This in-turn leads to sparse user profiles.In dynamic domains, novelty and diversity in coverage can handle over specialization problem. To bring useful novelty and diversity, it is proposed to semantically expand the user preferences. For this purpose our designed multi level ontology is used with linkages among concepts, entities and properties, carrying different weights. Ontology is also enriched with different relations from online semantic lexicon and annotated with additional information about entities from open and linked external knowledge source.For relevant accurate recommendations in highly dynamic domains, we propose semantic approach to implicitly capture individual user preferences in separate profiles. One profile is to capture short term dynamic interests with temporal effects and another is to capture long term static interests. Semantic profiling helps to handle preferences in manageable number of news categories which are arranged hierarchically. It also helps to handle synonymy and polysemy problems, reducing ambiguity in profiling. An additional important step of outlier analysis and rectification is proposed to handle the effects of sudden unexpected temporary drifts in dynamic user preferences. This focused analysis helps to maintain correct ranking of user preferences which is generally overlooked. The rectified ranking of user interests is fetched for semantic expansion of user preferences, to bring correct ranking in diversity and novelty.Proposed approach semantically brings reasonable multifarious novelty and diversity by analyzing different features of item. Testing is based on live data gathered from RSS feeds of popular news providers for trustworthiness. Transparency is achieved by presenting new recommendations in separate sections along with explicit trace path options, based on difference in approaches. Transparency assists end user in making decision. User’s interests in diverse and novel recommendations are updated in their individual profiles, resulting in reduction of sparsity.