bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Household Water Demand Forecasting and Implications for Water Use Efficiency and Accessibility: A study conducted among staff of Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunbode Timothy O. , Ogunlaran O. M , Akande J. A.
Published: June 2022

Spatial and temporal accessibility to water, especially, for household use is expedient to healthy living. Predictive models were developed using multiple regression to forecast household water use and also assess the significance of water demand forecasting to water use efficiency and its accessibility in homes. Data used for the study were generated through questionnaire administration and these were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Domestic water uses consist of 10 defined components (Drinking, Cooking, Bathing, Washing, Cleaning, Auto-wash, Lawn watering, Coolant/Chiller, Incidental and Livestock) proportionately distributed within Coolant/Chiller and Washing regime and ranged from 0.12% to 38.53% respectively among the regime components. Results of the regression analyses revealed that two home water use components namely Washing and Auto-wash predict home water use at 95% level of confidence with R2 of 0.872 and the Standard Error of 28.91. The Incidental use component was not significant and may be ignored in the computation. Two predictive components namely Washing and Auto-wash generally explain excessive use of water in homes and must be considered to enhance the efficient use and unrestricted accessibility of this vital resource.
Sperm culture and bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics in a large andrological population: prevalence and impact on seminal parameters
Authors: Olana Soraya , Mazzilli Rossella , Santino Iolanda , Martinelli Daniela , Zamponi Virginia , Macera Manuela , Salerno Gerardo , Mazzilli Fernando , Faggiano Antongiulio , Gianfrilli Daniele
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate i) the prevalence of subjects with a positive sperm culture (SC) for bacteria in subjects with or without Genital tract inflammation (GTI); ii) the actual distribution of the species analysed, according to Gram stain; iii) the impact on sperm parameters; and iv) the actual bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics. METHODS: A total of 968 subjects (18-55) years, were retrospectively studied. All the patients underwent SC and in the case of positive tests (CFU>106), a microbiological susceptibility analysis. The subjects studied were subdivided into group A (n=452), with subjective signs of GTI; group B (n=478), male partners of infertile couples; and group C, 30 healthy normospermic subjects. In group B and in the control group, a semen analysis was performed. RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of positive SC was 21.5% (200/930). The prevalence of positive SC in group A (113/200; 56.5%) was significantly higher vs group B (87/200; 43.5%; p=0.01) and control group (1/30; 3.3%; p=0.0001). In subjects with GTI, the prevalence of asthenozoospermic (96/285;33.7%) and oligo-asthenozoospermic (98/285;34.4%) was significantly higher vs normospermic, oligo-astheno-teratozoospermic, oligozoospermic and azoospermic subjects (22/285 (7.7%), 48/285 (16.8%), 15/285 (5.3%) and 6/285 (2.1%), respectively; p=0.001). Finally, Enterococcus faecalis (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) showed the highest prevalence of antibiotic resistance. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of positive SC is higher in GTI subjects; however, the SC could also be positive in subjects without GTI. Commonly used antibiotics have an increasing risk of being useless for the treatment of bacterial infections. Finally, the diagnosis of GTIs is important also for male fertility.
Relevancy of Serum SuPAR, PAI-1, MMP-9 Level, And Prognosis Of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer During Diagnosis
Authors: Kalender Mehmet Eren , Demir Leyla , Oflazoğlu Utku , Küçükzeybek Yüksel , Salman Tarık , Varol Umut , Yıldız Yaşar , Güc Zeynep Sevgen , Taşkaynatan Halil , Alacacıoğlu Ahmet
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Serum suPAR, PAI-1, and MMP-9 biomarkers have been associated with the progression of the disease in many cancers, including the CRC.
Objectives
It aimed to determine the relation of serum suPAR, PAI-1, and MMP-9 levels with the prognosis of the disease in patients with mCRC.
Materials and Methods
Nonmetastatic CRC patients who had not yet been treated with the oncology polyclinic in İKCU and blood samples were taken from the patients with metastatic CRC before and after treatment, and the obtained serum was preserved. PAI-1, suPAR, and MMP-9 levels were studied by ELISA. The results were used to establish the relation with prognosis.
Results
When the metastatic group and non-metastatic group were compared before treatment for biomarkers; PAI-1 (p-value: 0.030), suPAR (p-value: 0.009) and MMP-9 (p-value: 0.003) were found to be highly significant. PAI-1 (p-value: 0.003), suPAR (p-value: 0.007), and MMP-9 (p-value: 0.001) in the pretreatment metastatic group and the control group after the treatment were statistically significant. ROC was performed and cut-off values were determined as (pai: 71.4 ng / ml; supar: 1.97 ng / ml; mmp: 812.5 ng / ml). PFS and OS were evaluated to the cut-offs of markers using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cut off values were significant in terms of PFS (pai p-value, 0.008; supar p-value 0.019, mmp p-value 0.017) and OS (pai p-value, 0.03; supar p-value 0.059, mmp p-value 0.081).
Conclusion
Serum PAI-1, suPAR, and MMP-9 levels reveal the prognosis of patients with metastatic CRC
Dynamic analysis and experiment of wheeled mobile robot system with a flexible manipulator based on MS-DT-TMM
Authors: Chen Wei , Tong Jiaqi , Du Changquan
Published: June 2022

In recent years, robots based on fixed base cannot meet the increasingly prominent application needs such as in service and industry. Compared with traditional robots, the mobile flexible manipulator has wider workspace and more flexible characteristics. Therefore, it is gradually becoming the focus of attention. In this paper, the dynamic modeling, analysis and experimental research are investigated by employed MS-DT-TMM (Discrete Time Transfer Matrix Method for Multibody System) for a wheeled mobile robot system with a flexible manipulator. Firstly, the discrete-time transfer matrix method and its solution process are overviewed. Then, the 3-joint flexible manipulator mounted on the wheeled mobile robot is divided into 8 components. According to the idea of modeling method, the system dynamic model is integrated by using the transfer matrix equations of 8 components. Moreover, based on the existing experimental conditions, the dynamic simulation and experimental research of single degree of freedom planar flexible manipulator are carried out. The data results validate the correctness and feasibility of the proposed model. Finally, the numerical simulation research of whole mobile flexible robot is completed. The effectiveness of the model is verified by analyzing the data of wheel forces, links and joints motion, the displacements of the end effector and so on. Further, the comparison of the end errors of the mobile robot carrying rigid link and flexible link in the simulation results demonstrates the necessity of modeling the flexible component in the system.
Health behaviours the month prior to COVID-19 infection and the development of self-reported long COVID and specific long COVID symptoms: A longitudinal analysis of 1,811 UK adults
Authors: Paul Elise , Fancourt Daisy
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine whether specific health behaviours in the month preceding infection with COVID-19 act as upstream risk factors long COVID as well and three specific long COVID symptoms.Methods1,811 UK adults from the UCL COVID-19 Social Study and who had previously been infected with COVID-19 were analysed. Health behaviours in the month before infection were weekly exercise frequency, days of fresh air per week, sleep quality, smoking, consuming more than the number of recommended alcoholic drinks per week (>14), and the number of mental health care behaviours (e.g., online mental health programme). Logistic regressions controlling for covariates (e.g., COVID-19 infection severity and pre-existing health conditions) examined the impact of health behaviours on long COVID and three long COVID symptoms (difficulty with mobility, cognition, and self-care).Results In the month before infection with COVID-19, poor quality sleep increased the odds of long COVID (odds ratio [OR]: 3.53; (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01 to 6.21), as did average quality sleep (OR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.44 to 4.12). Having smoked (OR: 8.39; 95% CI: 1.86 to 37.91) increased and meeting recommended weekly physical activity guidelines (3+ hours) (OR: 0.05; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.39) reduced the likelihood of difficulty with self-care (e.g., washing all over or dressing) amongst those with long COVID. Conclusions Results point to the importance of sleep quality for long COVID, potentially helping to explain previously demonstrated links between stress and long COVID. Results also suggest that exercise and smoking may be modifiable risk factors for preventing the development of difficulty with self-care.
Research on the crystallization blockage law and blockage classification of mixed solution in dolomite tunnel drainage system
Authors: Rao Junying , Peng Xing , Tao Yonghu
Published: June 2022

Tunnel seepage is one of the most common pathological disasters in tunnel engineering. Drainage pipes (ditch) caused by crystallization blockage emerge in an endless stream, especially in tunnels built in soluble rock areas such as dolomite and limestone, which it is one of the causes of water leakage, so it is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the factors and mechanisms of crystallization in the drainage system of dolomite tunnels. To study the crystallization blockage law of mixed solution in the drainage system of dolomite tunnels, based on the on-site geological survey, water quality inspection, and indoor model test, the crystallization blockage law of mixed solution in the drainage system was explored, and the classification of crystallization blockage was proposed based on the test. The test shows that: First, the crystallization blockage of the water outlet of the vertical drainage pipe (longitudinal pipe) and the horizontal drainage pipe (horizontal pipe) is more serious, while the crystallization blockage of the annular drainage pipe (ring pipe) is less. Second, the Cl–K+-Na+ ion coupling concentration will affect the crystallization, and the pipe crystallization is also positively correlated with the CO32--SO42--Ca2+-Mg2+-Al3+ ion coupling concentration. The higher the concentration, the more crystallization, and the crystal growth law The performance is fast and then slow. Third, the evaluation of the blockage degree of the vertical tube, the horizontal tube, and the ring tube shows that the amount of crystallization per linear meter of the horizontal tube is more, and the degree of crystal blockage is higher, while the degree of crystallization of the vertical tube is between the horizontal tube and the ring tube. Fourth, after preliminary construction of the classification model and classification theory of crystallization blockage in drainage pipes, indexes such as classification coefficient l, blockage height H, and surrounding rock pressure σ are calculated. Based on the quantitative indexes, the classification of crystallization blockage degree is proposed. The crystal blockage of the tunnel drainage pipe is divided into four grades: complete blockage, severe blockage, moderate blockage, and mild blockage.
Erratic and Blood Vessel-Guided Dispersion of Astrocyte Progenitors in the Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Tabata Hidenori , Sasaki Megumi , Agetsuma Masakazu , Sano Hitomi , Hirota Yuki , Hayashi Kanehiro , Honda Takao , Nishikawa Masashi , Inaguma Yutaka , Ito Hidenori , Takebayashi Hirohide , Ema Masatsugu , Ikenaka Kazuhiro , Nabekura Junichi , Nagata Koh-ichi , Nakajima Kazunori
Published: June 2022

Astrocytes are one of the most abundant cell types in the mammalian brain. They play essential roles in synapse formation, maturation, and elimination. However, how astrocytes migrate into the gray matter to accomplish these processes is poorly understood. Here, we show that, by combinational analyses of in vitro and in vivo time-lapse observations and lineage traces, astrocyte progenitors move rapidly and irregularly within the developing cortex, which we call erratic migration. Astrocyte progenitors also adopt blood vessel-guided migration. These highly motile progenitors are generated in the restricted prenatal stages and differentiate into protoplasmic astrocytes in the gray matter, whereas postnatally generated progenitors do not move extensively and differentiate into fibrous astrocytes in the white matter. We found Cxcr4/7, and integrin β1 regulate the blood vessel-guided migration, and their functional blocking disrupts their positioning. This study provides fundamental principles of astrocyte development and can contribute to understanding the pathogenesis caused by their defects.
Long-term Benefits in Emergency Admissions, Hospitalization and Metabolic Control of an Integrated Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Insulin Pump System in a Cohort of Diabetic Patients
Authors: O´Meara Miguel Augusto , Mateus Juan Camilo , Uribe Andrea
Published: June 2022

Background

There is evidence in the literature that the use of sensor-augmented insulin pumps in patients with type 1 diabetes improves metabolic control. However, there is no long-term information on clinical outcomes such as hospitalization or admission to the emergency room.
Our paper describes the outcomes of metabolic control, incidence of hospitalizations and emergency room visits in a Colombian population using this technology.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was carried out in patients with diabetes being treated with an intensive insulin regimen at a specialized diabetes treatment center in Bogotá, Colombia, who required sensor-augmented insulin pumps due to poor metabolic control. Glycated hemoglobin, severe hypoglycemic episodes, non-severe hypoglycemic episodes, perception of hypoglycemia, and the incidence of emergency room visits and hospitalizations before and after treatment were evaluated.

Results

Sixty-four patients with a median age of 36 years (interquartile range 2746) were included in the study. We found better long-term management in terms of glycated hemoglobin (8.35% vs. 7%), non-severe hypoglycemic episodes (95.9% vs. 87.7%), emergency room visits (57.5% to 6.45%) and hospitalization (50% vs. 13.79%).

Conclusions

The use of sensor-augmented insulin pumps coupled with a strict follow up program for patients with type 1 diabetes leads to a significant and sustained reduction in glycated hemoglobin and hypoglycemic episodes, as well as in the rate of emergency room visits and hospitalizations. These results incentivize the adoption of this technology in patients who do not achieve metabolic control with optimal management of type 1 diabetes.
Risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing surgery for oral malignancies
Authors: Wu Yujia , Yu Cong , Gao Feng
Published: June 2022

We aimed to analyze postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) incidence and risk factors in elderly adults who underwent surgery for oral malignancies. A total of 112 elderly patients (aged ≥ 55 years) were selected for extended resection of descending oral malignancies at our institution from December 2020 to December 2021. Participants were cognitively evaluated using the neuropsychological test scale 1 day preoperatively and 7 days postoperatively to determine whether they had developed POCD. Based on whether POCD occurred 7 days postoperatively, patients were classified into the POCD and non-POCD groups. Logistic regression was applied to perioperative factors to analyze the risk factors for POCD onset. Seven days postoperatively, there were 37 (33.1%) POCD morbidities. Multiple factor logistic regression analysis revealed that venerable age (odds ratio [OR]=1.269, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.056−1.525, P<0.05), low education levels (OR=0.792, 95%CI 0.644−0.974, P<0.05), hypertension (OR=4.153, 95%CI 1.335−12.732, P<0.05), dyssomnia (OR=1.272, 95%CI 1.001−1.617, P<0.05), prolonged anaesthesia (OR=1.009, 95%CI 1.001−1.018, P<0.05), and intraoperative hypotension (OR=5.512, 95%CI 1.240−24.506, P<0.05) increased the POCD risk in elderly patients who underwent surgery for oral malignancies. Venerable age, low knowledge reserve, hypertension, dyssomnia, prolonged anaesthesia, and intraoperative hypotension are independent risk factors for POCD in elderly patients with oral malignancies.
Network-specific metabolic and hemodynamic effects elicited by non-invasive brain stimulation
Authors: Eldaief Mark , McMains Stephanie , Izquierdo-Garcia David , Braga Rodrigo
Published: June 2022

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), when applied to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), is an effective treatment for depression. Therapeutic effects are believed to arise from propagation of dlPFC stimulation effects across distributed corticolimbic networks. However, the mechanisms of the local and distributed effects of TMS are unresolved, and studies have yielded variable results. One possible explanation for this variability is that dlPFC contains representations of different, closely juxtaposed, large-scale networks. As such, TMS may exert different effects depending on the network being stimulated. If true, targeting networks non-specifically may account for the large number of TMS treatment failures in depression. To test this, we used TMS to stimulate two nearby dlPFC targets in the same individuals. The two targets were functionally embedded in distinct anticorrelated networks: the default network and the salience network. Local and distributed effects of TMS were measured with combined whole-brain 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Identical TMS patterns caused opposing effects on local glucose metabolism, with metabolism increasing at the salience target and decreasing at the default target. At the distributed level, both conditions reduced FC anticorrelation between the default and salience networks. However, FC effects were dramatically larger following default TMS. Metabolic and hemodynamic effects were also linked: across subjects, the magnitude of local metabolic changes correlated with the degree of FC changes. These results suggest that TMS effects upon dlPFC are network-specific. They also invoke putative mechanisms of TMS in depression, specifically the de-coupling of large-scale networks.
A Qualitative Study of Barriers to Care-Seeking for Diabetic Foot Ulceration Across Multiple Levels of the Healthcare System
Authors: Tan Tze-Woei , Crocker Rebecca M. , Palmer Kelly N.B. , Gomez Chris , Armstrong David G. , Marrero David G.
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThe mechanisms for the observed disparities in diabetes-related amputation are poorly understood and could be related to access for diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) care. This qualitative study aimed to understand patients’ personal experiences navigating the healthcare system and the barriers they faced. MethodsFifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted over the phone between June 2020 to February 2021. Participants with DFUs were recruited from a tertiary referral center in Southern Arizona. The interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed according to the NIMHD Research Framework, focusing on the health care system domain. ResultsAmong the 15 participants included in the study, the mean age was 52.4 years (67% male), 10 participants were from minority racial groups, and 11 were Medicaid or Indian Health Service beneficiaries. Participants frequently reported barriers at various levels of the healthcare system. On the individual level, themes that arose included health literacy and inadequate insurance coverage resulting in financial strain. On the interpersonal level, participants complained of fragmented relationships with providers and experienced challenges in making follow-up appointments. On the community level, participants reported struggles with medical equipment. On the societal level, participants also noted insufficient preventative foot care and education before DFU onset, and many respondents experienced initial misdiagnoses and delays in receiving care.ConclusionsPatients with DFUs face significant barriers in accessing medical care at many levels in the healthcare system and beyond. These data highlight opportunities to address the effects of diabetic foot complications and the inequitable burden of inadequately managed diabetic foot care.
A Comparative Study of Freehand Technique and A Novel Laser Guiding Navigation in Distal Locking of Femoral Intramedullary Nails
Authors: Gao Hua , Liu Zhenyu , Bai Xiaodong , Xu Guoqiang , Chen Wentao , Ma Ji , Wang Yijun , Wang Jiatian , Wang Gang , Wang Baojun
Published: June 2022

Background
Intramedullary nail(IMN) is one of the key essential minimally invasive "weapons" in orthopaedic trauma, while the distal locking is still challenging for surgeons. Although there are various inventions and technologies to improve the locking procedure, there are still problems such as inaccurate positioning, excessive radiation exposure, low first success rate and long learning curve. Therefore, a new laser guiding navigation device was designed and compared with the traditional freehand (FH) technique in the distal locking of femoral IMN.
Methods
The Self-designed laser navigation device (laser group) and freehand technique (FH group) were used in the distal locking of the IMNs in the patients with femoral diaphyseal fracture. All operations were performed by two surgeons of the same level. The differences between the two groups were compared in terms of radiation exposure time, operative time, first success rate, blood loss, visual analogue score(VAS), Harris score and healing time.
Results
32 patients were enrolled and16 patients in each group. The results showed that the laser group was better than the FH group in terms of distal locking time (10(9/11)vs19.5(17.25/21)minutes, Z = 4.83, P < 0.001), distal locking radiation exposure time (46.5(41.25/51.75)vs105(88.25/140) seconds, Z = 4.807, P < 0.001), first success rate (30/32 vs 20/32, χ2 = 9.143, P = 0.002) and blood loss(60(50–100) vs 150(105-192.5) mL, Z = 3.610, P = 0.0003). There was no difference in Harris score, VAS score, or fracture healing time between the two groups.
Conclusion
Compared with the FH technique, the novel laser guiding navigation device for distal locking of femoral IMN has the advantages of shorter operative time, less radiation exposure and higher first success rate.
Formation of FeS Tribofilm from Unsymmetrical Disulfides as Effective Extreme Pressure and Antiwear Additives
Authors: Ong Chiu Ling , Lim Shi Teng , Lai Yew Chong , Chong Kim Fong , Khaligh Nader Ghaffari , Heidelberg Thorsten , Juan Joon Ching
Published: June 2022

Sulfur-based additives have excellent extreme pressure (EP) performance. However, a high amount of sulfur causes metal corrosion. The non-corrosive and ashless organo-disulfides have been synthesized via Bunte salt method. The unsymmetrical dodecyl octyl disulfide (DDODS) with good oil-solubility provides better EP and anti-wear (AW) properties. The DDODS shows outstanding EP value (1961 N) and small WSA (9 mm²) in naphthenic base oil (NBO), respectively. This performance is superior compared to symmetrical didodecyl disulfide (DDDS). The outstanding performance of DDODS is due to the good solubility in NBO and the formation of a sulfur film on the metal surface. The formation of iron sulfide (FeS) under EP conditions provides excellent tribofilm compared to iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3) and iron sulfate (FeSO4).
Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Randomized Pooling
Authors: Imran Hafiz , Aamir Khalid , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a deep learning approach to solve complex problems, and it has been widely used in image processing for image classification, object identification, semantic segmentation etc. It has overcome the constraint of traditional machine learning approaches. There has been a lot of effort done to improve the accuracy of CNN in many application areas, but there has been a lesser amount of work done to reduce the computational complexity of this model. There is a need to improve CNN's complexity problem. Here we have introduced randomized pooling (RANDpool) to CNN. Randomized pooling has reduced the computational complexity cost of CNN. We used MNIST dataset to demonstrate CNN with randomized pooling. This paper used randomization technique to reduce the dimensions of image instead of max, min or average pooling that have very extensive computations.
The emergence of Human Metapneumovirus G gene duplication in hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infection, India, 2016 ‐2018.
Authors: Parida Preetiparna , N SUDHEESH , R Sanjay E , Jagadesh Anitha , Marate Srilatha , Arunkumar Govindakaranavar
Published: June 2022

Background: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) belongs to the family Pneumoviridae. It is one of the emerging respiratory viruses causing both upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses. HMPV has two genotypes: A and B. These genotypes are classified into lineage A1, A2, B1 and B2. Lineage-A2 is further classified as A2a, A2b and A2c. Similarly, B2 is classified as B2a and B2b. Studies have shown the circulation of A2b, B1 and B2 lineages in India. However, a limited amount of data is available on the current circulating genotypes of HMPV in India. Methods: Throat swab samples positive for HMPV by real-time PCR, archived at Manipal Institute of Virology as a part of a hospital-based acute febrile illness surveillance study, were used from April 2016 to August 2018 by purposive sampling method. We performed the conventional reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for twenty samples targeting the G gene and then subjected them to sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was done using MEGA X software by the Maximum Likelihood method. Results: All the twenty sequences belonged to the A2c subgroup. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strains from the study have genetic relation with circulating strains in Japan, China and Croatia. Seven out of the twenty sequences showed 180 nucleotide duplication, and eleven sequences showed 111 nucleotide duplication. Two sequences did not show any duplications. Conclusion: In the current study, we report that A2c is the sub-lineage in India from April 2016 to August 2018. This study is the first retrospective study reporting the circulation of the A2c sub-lineage among adults in India with 180 and 111 nucleotide duplications in the G gene of human metapneumovirus.
Application of cutting power in tool condition monitoring and wear prediction based on Gaussian process regression under variable cutting parameters
Authors: Qiang Biyao , Shi Kaining , Liu Ning , Zhao Pan , Ren Junxue
Published: June 2022

Tool wear is inevitable in actual manufacturing, especially in extreme processing conditions for milling difficult-to-cut materials. With the degradation of cutting performance, the undesirable tool status could trigger instability in machining process that causes negative effect on machined surface and dimension accuracy of the precision components. Therefore, tool condition monitoring for machining process is imperative. With distinctive characteristics on easy acquisition and non-interference in machining process, the power consumption of machine tool has been proved to be a reliable indicator for reflecting the changes of cutting process in industry. Thus, the present study proposes a novel method for monitoring tool condition using net cutting power consumption. The result indicates that the developed approach performs better than traditional approach which uses original total power to predict tool wear. This can be attributed to the changes of net cutting power consumption is more relevant with tool wear evolution. Furthermore, predicting tool wear under variable cutting parameters is achieved using Gaussian process regression, because it has good generalization performance and also explains the uncertainty of prediction results in the form of probability. This study reveals that low-cost sensor like power meter, can be used as an important supplement to monitor tool condition in the industry, and also provides a research basis for predicting tool wear under different cutting conditions.
Patient perspectives on non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A qualitative study.
Authors: Woodbridge Jane , Townsend Michelle L. , Reis Samantha L. , Grenyer Brin F. S.
Published: June 2022

Background: Despite increasing evidence for the effectiveness of psychotherapy for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), estimates show that approximately half of those in treatment do not clinically improve or reach reliable change criteria. There are limited qualitative descriptions of treatment factors associated with non-response from the perspectives of those struggling to improve. Method: Eighteen people (72.2% female, mean age 29.4 (SD = 8)) with experience of receiving psychotherapeutic treatment for BPD were interviewed to obtain their perspectives on helpful and hindering factors in treatment. The data in this qualitative study was analysed thematically. Results: Four domains were created from the insights patients shared on helpful and hindering factors. The focus of Domain 1 was that therapy cannot be effective until two factors are in place. First, the patient needs sufficient safety and stability in their environment in order to face the challenges of therapy. Second, they need to be able to access therapy. Domain 2 described factors the patients themselves contribute. The themes in this domain were described as phases that need to be progressed through before therapy can be effective. These phases were ceasing denial that help is warranted and deserved, taking responsibility for behaviours that contribute to unwellness, and committing to the hard work that is required for change. Domain 3 described how the lack of a safe alliance and ruptures in the safety of the relationship with the therapist can contribute to non-response. Domain 4 focused on specific therapist strategies. The first theme in this domain was prioritising the safety of the therapy relationship. The second theme was giving a clear diagnosis and taking a collaborative approach in sessions. The final theme described the importance of focusing on practical goals with the patient to create tangible life changes.Conclusion: This study found that non-response is complex and multifaceted. First, it is clear that systems need to be in place to support access to adequate care and foster life stability. Second, considerable effort may be needed at the engagement phase of therapy to clarify expectations. Third, attention to specific interpersonal challenges between patients and therapists is an important focus. Finally, structured work to improve relationships and vocational outcomes is indicated.
Fantastic Perspectives and Where to Find Them: Involving Patients and Citizens in Digital Health Research
Authors: Osmanlliu Esli , Paquette Jesseca , Grenier Annie-Danielle , Lewis Paul , Bouthillier Marie-Êve , Bédard Sylvain , Pomey Marie-Pascale
Published: June 2022

Background: Digital contact tracing and exposure notification apps have quickly emerged as a potential solution to achieve timely and effective contact tracing for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, their actual uptake remains limited, and citizens, including patients, are rarely consulted and included in the design and implementation process. However, their contribution could be determinant in the success of such apps. The DIGICIT (DIGITal CITizenship) project relied on patient and citizen partnership in research to assess public perspectives on these apps.Objectives: This article has three objectives: (1) describe the methodological process to co-construct a questionnaire and interpret the survey results with patients and citizens, (2) assess their experiences regarding this methodology, and (3) propose best practices for their involvement in digital health research.Methods: The DIGICIT project was developed in four steps: (1) creation of the advisory committee composed of patients and citizens, (2) co-construction of a questionnaire, (3) interpretation of survey results, and (4) assessment of the experience of committee participants.Results: Of the 25 applications received, 12 people met our diversity criteria and were included in the advisory committee. 84 survey questions were generated in the first co-construction meeting and were cut down to 36 in the final version. Participants made more than 20 recommendations when interpreting survey results and suggested carrying out focus groups with marginalized populations to increase representativity. They appreciated their inclusion early in the research process, being listened to and respected, the collective intelligence, and the method used for integrating their suggestions. They suggested that the study objectives and roles be better defined, that more time in the brainstorming sessions be allowed, and that discussion outside of meetings be encouraged. Conclusion: Having patients and citizens actively participating in this research constitutes the main methodological strength. They helped reorient the project by adding focus groups to the research protocol. Clear communication of the project objectives, good organization in meetings, and continuous evaluation from participants allow best practices to be achieved for patients' and citizens' involvement in digital health research. Co-construction in research generates critical study design ideas through collective intelligence. This methodology can be used in various clinical contexts and different healthcare settings.
Timing of Intubation and ICU Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Preplanned Retrospective Analysis of 4198 Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Manrique Sara , Claverias Laura , Magret Mónica , Masclans Joan Ramon , Bodi María , Trefler Sandra , Canadell Laura , Diaz Emili , Sole-Violan Jordi , Bisbal-Andrés Elena , Gonzalez Ruth , Albaya Antonio , Vallverdu Monserrat , Ballesteros Juan Carlos , Socias Lorenzo , Gordo Federico , Sancho Susana , Loeches Ignacio Martín , Rodriguez Alejandro
Published: June 2022

Background Optimal time to intubate patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is controversial. Whereas some authors recommend trying noninvasive respiratory support before intubate, others argue that delaying intubation can cause patient-self-induced lung injury and worsen the prognosis. We hypothesized that delayed intubation would increase the risk mortality in COVID-19 patients.Methods This preplanned retrospective observational study used prospectively collected data from adult patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure admitted to 73 intensive care units between February 2020 and March 2021. Patients with limitations on life support and those with missing data were excluded. We collected demographic, laboratory, clinical variables and outcomes. Intubation was classified as 1) Very early: before or at ICU admission; 2) Early: < 24 hours after ICU admission; or 3) Late: ≥24 hours after ICU admission. We compared the early group versus those intubated late, using chi-square tests for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney U for continuous variables. To assess the relationship between early versus late intubation and mortality, we used multivariable binary logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results We included 4198 patients [median age, 63 (54‒71) years; 70.8% male; median SOFA score, 4 (3‒7); median APACHE score, 13 (10‒18)], and median PaO2/FiO2, 131 (100‒190)]; intubation was very early in 2024 (48.2%) patients, early in 928 (22.1%), and late in 441 (10.5%). ICU mortality was 30.2% and median ICU stay was 14 (7‒28) days. Although patients in the late group were younger [62 vs. 64, respectively, p<0.05] and had less severe disease [APACHE II (13 vs. 14, respectively, p<0.05) and SOFA (3 vs. 4, respectively, p<0.05) scores], and higher PaO2/FiO2 at admission (116 vs. 100, respectively, p<0.05), mortality was higher in the late group than in the early group (36.9% vs. 31.6%, p<0.05). Late intubation was independently associated with mortality (OR1.83; 95%CI 1.35‒2.47).Conclusions Delaying intubation beyond the first 24 hours of admission in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia increases the risk of mortality.Trial registration: clinical-Trial.gov (NCT 04948242)
The roles of antitoxic of Enzymes in rice plant, grown on acid sulfate soils, Mekong Delta
Authors: Huy Ba Le , Xuan Hoan Nguyen , Van Nam Thi , Tan Phong Nguyen
Published: June 2022

Assessing the resistance, determining the nature of the resistance of the rice plant through the activity of three enzymes in rice: Catalase, Peroxydase and Phosphatase in the leaves of rice plants (the most active leaves of rice) rice plants) [2]. In addition, consider the role of Phosphatase in the fluctuations and the ability to accumulate P2O5 in soil and plants to see its role in rice's poison resistance in acid sulphate soil [4]. In other hand, Results shows that- High concentrations of toxins in the soil environment strongly inhibited the activity of Phosphatase enzymes in the roots, in the indicator leaves, and especially for rice, especially for plants that are less resistant to poisoning. But, Phosphatase enzyme in leaves has the effect on the providing energy for the plants to recover from poisoning. The activity of this enzyme is inversely correlated with the content of Al3+ in soil and Al3+ in plants. This proves that the antagonism between enzymes and toxins is evident, especially with Al3+ toxins. In other side, has highly toxic in the acid sulphate soil environment inhibits enzyme activity Peroxydase in rice roots. Under these conditions, peroxydase in the root plays a small role in helping the plant recover.We have sufficient basis to confirm that the enzyme Peroxydase in leaves plays an important role, against the harmful effects of toxins. When the toxin in the soil, in plants increased activity of this enzyme also increased higher than the control variant. Especially, when the toxicity increases, the Peroxydase enzyme in the rice leaves will also increase to resistant to toxicity ( + 280% (compared to the control); while the toxicty- non -resistant variety plants did not increase (compared to the control). When the toxicity decreased, Peroxydase activity in toxic-resistant plants was also higher than toxic non-resistant: This increased at + 643% for toxic-resistant rice compared to the control. While, in the weekly- resistant toxic- variety only increased + 314% (compared to the control).
Teosinte high protein 9 enhances the seed protein content and nitrogen utilization efficiency in maize
Authors: Wu Yongrui , Huang Yongcai , Wang Haihai , Zhu Yidong , Huang Xing , Li Shuai , Wu Xingguo , Zhao Yao , Bao Zhigui , Qin Li , Jin Yongbo , Cui Yahui , Ma Guangjin , Xiao Qiao , Wang Qiong , Wang Jiechen , Yang Xuerong , Liu Hongjun , Lu Xiaoduo , Larkins Brian , Wang Wenqin
Published: June 2022

The maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) wild ancestor, teosinte, has three times the seed protein content of most modern inbreds and hybrids, but the mechanisms responsible for this trait are unknown. We created a contiguous haplotype DNA sequence of a teosinte, Zea mays ssp. Parviglumis, with Trio-Binning, and map-based cloned a major high-protein QTL, teosinte high protein 9 (Thp9) on chromosome 9. Thp9 encodes an asparagine synthetase 4 that is highly expressed in teosinte, but not in the B73 inbred, where a deletion in the 10th intron of Thp9-B73 causes incorrect splicing of Thp9-B73 transcripts. Transgenic expression of Thp9-teosinte in B73 significantly increased seed protein content. Introgression of Thp9-teosinte into modern maize inbreds and hybrids greatly enhanced free amino acid accumulation, especially asparagine, throughout the plant, increasing seed protein content without affecting yield. Thp9-teosinte appears to increase nitrogen utilization efficiency, important for promoting a high yield under low nitrogen conditions.
Relation of fish size with that of its otolith of Pama croaker, Otolithoides pama (Hamilton, 1822) from Narmada estuary, India
Authors: Bhakta Dibakar , Kamble Suhas Prakash , Meetei Wakamban Anand , Solanki Jayesh Kumar , Sah Rajesh Kumar , Solanki Sonia , Das Basanta K.
Published: June 2022

The relation of fish size with that of its otolith of pama croaker, Otolithoides pama (Hamilton, 1822) was established. Fish specimens were collected from the bagnet catch from Narmada estuary, India for a period of 8 months (November 2018 to June 2019). To understand the relationship between fish and otolith size, the sagittal otoliths were extricated, cleaned, measured, and photographed. The Otolith length (OL), Otolith breadth (OB), and Otolith weights (OW) were measured from each specimen to the nearest size of 0.01 mm and weight of 0.01 g. The observed length and weight of the fish were in the range of 85 to 288 mm (175.79±33.13 mm) and 3.0 to 186.56 g (43.68±27.67 g), respectively. The recorded otolith length, breadth, and weight were in the range of 2.65 to 12.54 mm (7.20±1.77 mm), 2.01-10.48 mm (5.95±1.33 mm), and 0.02 g to 0.75 g (0.23±0.11 g), respectively. The data fitted well to the power model for the OL, OB, OW, and fish length and weight. High values of the coefficient of determination (R2) were recorded between fish length and otolith length (R2 = 0.978), fish length and otolith weight (R2 = 0.931), fish length and otolith breadth (R2 = 0.985), fish weight and otolith length (R2 = 0.942), fish weight and otolith weight (R2 = 0.922), and fish weight and otolith breadth (R2 = 0.962). The study also depicted a high correlation of otolith dimensions with the size of the fish.
A Wide-Range and Fast-Locking All-Digital DLL with One-Cycle Dynamic Synchronizing for In-Cell Touched LC Display
Authors: Hong Zhen-Jie , Lo Yu-Lung , Shen Kuan-Yu , Chen Guan-Yu , Li Wei-Ju
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes wide-range and fast locking all-digital delay-locked loop (WRADDLL) circuit with one cycle dynamic synchronizing. The WRADDLL not only synchronizes the input and output clocks in five clock cycles but maintains one cycle dynamic locking. The WRADDLL reduces the clock skew between the input and output clocks with three innovative techniques. First, by improving the mirror control circuit, the WRADDLL operates correctly with a flexible duty cycle clock signal. Second, the WRADDLL works precisely and ignores the effect of output load changes by moving the measurement delay line beyond the output driver. Besides, it can achieve one-cycle dynamic locking. Finally, the WRADDLL utilizes the band selector to achieve wide-range operation. After fine tuning, the maximum static phase error is less than 3% of clock cycle. The chip is fabricated by 90 nm standard CMOS process. Its operating frequency range is from 200 MHz to 2 GHz. The power consumption and RMS jitter are 3.24 mW and 1.49 ps at 2 GHz, respectively. The active area of this chip is 0.011 mm2.
Clinical features and surgical management of tuberculous arthritis of the sacroiliac joint: a retrospective analysis of 33 patients
Authors: Tian Qi , Na Linhao , Cao Shicong , Tian Zheng , Guo Zheng
Published: June 2022

Background: Tuberculous sacroiliac joints are relatively rare. Due to the insidious onset and easy misdiagnosis, they often develop into later severe joint destruction without effective treatment in the early stage. There are few existing studies on tuberculous sacroiliitis. In our study, we reviewed 3 different types of tuberculous sacroiliitis via anterior and posterior approaches to determine the efficacy and safety of this surgical approach by describing clinical presentation, imaging, and surgical treatment.Methods: We reviewed 33 patients with 3 different types of severe tuberculous sacroiliitis, of which 16 patients with anterior iliac abscess underwent anterior debridement and bone graft fusion. 17 patients underwent posterior debridement and bone graft fusion. Among them, 5 patients with lumbar tuberculosis underwent lesion debridement through fenestration, joint fusion, and interbody fusion and internal fixation. One patient with anterior paravertebral abscess underwent lesion debridement through posterior fenestration and bone graft fusion in the first operation, and the anterior abscess was removed and intervertebral fusion in the second operation. The mean postoperative follow-up was 16.9 months (12-25 months).Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used to judge the postoperative condition and functional recovery. X-ray and CT scan were used to evaluate the fusion of sacroiliac joints.Results: All patients' hip, back and lower back pain symptoms were significantly relieved after surgical treatment. At 3 months after operation, the VAS and ODI scores of all patients decreased significantly. At 12 months after operation, the patients had no obvious pain or only slight discomfort during activities, and the lower limb function basically recovered, which could meet the needs of daily work and life.All cases had sacroiliac joint fusion within 12 months after operation.Conclusion: Tuberculous sacroiliitis is easy to be misdiagnosed due to its insidious onset.Therefore, patients with hip, groin and lower back pain must be carefully checked to avoid misdiagnosis.Surgical treatment should be performed as soon as possible under the adjuvant chemotherapy of anti-tuberculosis drugs. According to the different characteristics of sacroiliac joint tuberculosis, appropriate surgical operations should be adopted according to our classification criteria.