bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Network Analysis of COVID-19 Sentiments: Application of Artificial Intelligence (Preprint)
Authors: Hung Man , Lauren Evelyn , Hon Eric S , Birmingham Wendy C , Xu Julie , Su Sharon , Hon Shirley D , Park Jungweon , Dang Peter , Lipsky Martin S
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic led to substantial public discussion. Understanding these discussions can help institutions, governments, and individuals navigate the pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to analyze discussions on Twitter related to COVID-19 and to investigate the sentiments toward COVID-19.

METHODS

This study applied machine learning methods in the field of artificial intelligence to analyze data collected from Twitter. Using tweets originating exclusively in the United States and written in English during the 1-month period from March 20 to April 19, 2020, the study examined COVID-19–related discussions. Social network and sentiment analyses were also conducted to determine the social network of dominant topics and whether the tweets expressed positive, neutral, or negative sentiments. Geographic analysis of the tweets was also conducted.

RESULTS

There were a total of 14,180,603 likes, 863,411 replies, 3,087,812 retweets, and 641,381 mentions in tweets during the study timeframe. Out of 902,138 tweets analyzed, sentiment analysis classified 434,254 (48.2%) tweets as having a positive sentiment, 187,042 (20.7%) as neutral, and 280,842 (31.1%) as negative. The study identified 5 dominant themes among COVID-19–related tweets: health care environment, emotional support, business economy, social change, and psychological stress. Alaska, Wyoming, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, and Florida were the states expressing the most negative sentiment while Vermont, North Dakota, Utah, Colorado, Tennessee, and North Carolina conveyed the most positive sentiment.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified 5 prevalent themes of COVID-19 discussion with sentiments ranging from positive to negative. These themes and sentiments can clarify the public’s response to COVID-19 and help officials navigate the pandemic.
Searching PubMed to Retrieve Publications on the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparative Analysis of Search Strings (Preprint)
Authors: Lazarus Jeffrey V , Palayew Adam , Rasmussen Lauge Neimann , Andersen Tue Helms , Nicholson Joey , Norgaard Ole
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Since it was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020, COVID-19 has dominated headlines around the world and researchers have generated thousands of scientific articles about the disease. The fast speed of publication has challenged researchers and other stakeholders to keep up with the volume of published articles. To search the literature effectively, researchers use databases such as PubMed.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of different searches for COVID-19 records in PubMed and to assess the complexity of searches required.

METHODS

We tested PubMed searches for COVID-19 to identify which search string performed best according to standard metrics (sensitivity, precision, and F-score). We evaluated the performance of 8 different searches in PubMed during the first 10 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic to investigate how complex a search string is needed. We also tested omitting hyphens and space characters as well as applying quotation marks.

RESULTS

The two most comprehensive search strings combining several free-text and indexed search terms performed best in terms of sensitivity (98.4%/98.7%) and F-score (96.5%/95.7%), but the single-term search COVID-19 performed best in terms of precision (95.3%) and well in terms of sensitivity (94.4%) and F-score (94.8%). The term Wuhan virus performed the worst: 7.7% for sensitivity, 78.1% for precision, and 14.0% for F-score. We found that deleting a hyphen or space character could omit a substantial number of records, especially when searching with SARS-CoV-2 as a single term.

CONCLUSIONS

Comprehensive search strings combining free-text and indexed search terms performed better than single-term searches in PubMed, but not by a large margin compared to the single term COVID-19. For everyday searches, certain single-term searches that are entered correctly are probably sufficient, whereas more comprehensive searches should be used for systematic reviews. Still, we suggest additional measures that the US National Library of Medicine could take to support all PubMed users in searching the COVID-19 literature.
Building an Interactive Geospatial Visualization Application for National Health Care–Associated Infection Surveillance: Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zheng Shuai , Edwards Jonathan R , Dudeck Margaret A , Patel Prachi R , Wattenmaker Lauren , Mirza Muzna , Tejedor Sheri Chernetsky , Lemoine Kent , Benin Andrea L , Pollock Daniel A
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) is the most widely used health care–associated infection (HAI) and antimicrobial use and resistance surveillance program in the United States. Over 37,000 health care facilities participate in the program and submit a large volume of surveillance data. These data are used by the facilities themselves, the CDC, and other agencies and organizations for a variety of purposes, including infection prevention, antimicrobial stewardship, and clinical quality measurement. Among the summary metrics made available by the NHSN are standardized infection ratios, which are used to identify HAI prevention needs and measure progress at the national, regional, state, and local levels.

OBJECTIVE

To extend the use of geospatial methods and tools to NHSN data, and in turn to promote and inspire new uses of the rendered data for analysis and prevention purposes, we developed a web-enabled system that enables integrated visualization of HAI metrics and supporting data.

METHODS

We leveraged geocoding and visualization technologies that are readily available and in current use to develop a web-enabled system designed to support visualization and interpretation of data submitted to the NHSN from geographically dispersed sites. The server–client model–based system enables users to access the application via a web browser.

RESULTS

We integrated multiple data sets into a single-page dashboard designed to enable users to navigate across different HAI event types, choose specific health care facility or geographic locations for data displays, and scale across time units within identified periods. We launched the system for internal CDC use in January 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

CDC NHSN statisticians, data analysts, and subject matter experts identified opportunities to extend the use of geospatial methods and tools to NHSN data and provided the impetus to develop NHSNViz. The development effort proceeded iteratively, with the developer adding or enhancing functionality and including additional data sets in a series of prototype versions, each of which incorporated user feedback. The initial production version of NHSNViz provides a new geospatial analytic resource built in accordance with CDC user requirements and extensible to additional users and uses in subsequent versions.
Electronic monitoring of adherence to multiple medications in cancer patients: Promise and challenges (Preprint)
Authors: Stadler Gertraud , Song Yaena , Chen Stephanie , Scigliano Eileen , Redd William
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

An electronic pillbox can serve as a tracking device for adherence to a complex medication regimen. Blood cancer patients receiving an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT), typically prescribed with multiple pills, can benefit from it. Their medication adherence plays a critical role in post-transplant survival, as it can help limit severe side effects and toxic drug interactions. However, existing studies report a wide range of adherence rates.

OBJECTIVE

Adherence to multiple medications is an important issue for patients with chronic conditions such as cancer but it remains understudied. An electronic pillbox can serve as tracking device for adherence to a complex medication regimen. The current mixed methods study in cancer patients who had received an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT) had three aims: (1) to test the feasibility of using an electronic pillbox for tracking a multiple-medication regimen in the first 180 days at home, (2) to describe sensor use and adherence levels, and (3) to capture patient experiences using the electronic pillbox.

METHODS

Cancer patients after alloHCT (n = 33) received an electronic pillbox at first discharge from hospital and were followed for 180 days. Data to calculate adherence was available for 27 individuals, and 28 patients participated in interviews about their experiences using the electronic pillbox.

RESULTS

Most patients used their pillbox immediately after discharge and continued using it beyond 180 days, with large variability in signal transmission rates. The average adherence score was 2.2, significantly lower than the prescribed at least four medication doses each day (P<.001) and indicating 55% adherence. In the interviews, patients reported ease of use and benefits of the electronic pillbox, but also challenges, such as the large size and limited battery life of the pillbox.

CONCLUSIONS

It is feasible to use an electronic pillbox for cancer patients taking multiple medications, although there is room for improvement in the pillbox design. Overall, patients had a positive experience using the electronic pillbox. A user-friendly device would have great potential for a multi-faceted, real-time intervention to facilitate adherence to multiple medication regimens.
Understanding COVID-19 Media Literacy: Developing a Measurement Tool (Preprint)
Authors: Jormand Hanieh , Bashirian Saeed , Barati Majid , Khazaei Salman , Jenabi Ensiyeh , Zareian Sepideh
Published: August 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The quick-developing media technology in our daily life and the global outbreak of COVID-19 in time, there is a crucial need to explore the effects of this pandemic on the use of media, the harms of cyberspace and the acquiring of media literacy related to COVID-19 for critical analysis of media messages. This cross-sectional validation work was aimed to evaluate the psychometric features of the COVID-19 Media Literacy Scale (C-19MLS) in Students. The study was conducted on 330 Students of Hamadan, Iran, participated via a stratified cluster random sampling technique. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and internal consistency were used to assess the reliability. Moreover, CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analyses) and EFA (Exploratory Factor Analyses) were carried out to examine construction validity. CVI (Content Validity Index) and CVR (Content Validity Ratio) were used to examine the content validity.
According to the factor analysis, it was indicated that the C-19MLS included 23 items measuring six dimensions for an explanation of 62.19% of the prevalent variance. The average scores for the CVI and CVR were respectively 0.94 and 0.77. Further analyses represented acceptable findings for the values of internal consistency reliability with 0.88 of Cronbach’s alpha. The whole results proved that the C-19MLS is a reliable and valid tool and it is suitable and acceptable now and can be utilized in forthcoming investigations. This highlights for educators and stakeholders to realize the importance of participating individuals in the new media ecology and new ‘Infomedia’ ecosystems for enabling people, in the current digital society.
La zona rural y la economía solidaria: Aportes en la construcción de paz
Authors: Rodríguez - Suárez Alex Mauricio , Quintero - Bayona Belén Torcoroma , Serrano - Alviar Miller Mauricio
Published: August 2020

La investigación realizada tuvo como objetivo principal reconocer el grado de conocimiento que poseen los presidentes de Junta de Acción Comunal de la zona rural sobre Economía Solidaria, para ello se encuestaron líderes comunales que representan las veredas del municipio de Ocaña, Colombia. Con la información recolectada se establecieron tres clústeres y un indicador que permite dar a conocer el grado de conocimiento que poseen los Presidentes de Acción Comunal en el tema de estudio. El resultado muestra que el 65% de los líderes tienen un conocimiento bajo o muy bajo acerca del tema, siendo necesario el fortalecimiento de competencias y conocimientos que les permita ser garante de los procesos de desarrollo en sus territorios. Es competencia del ente administrativo buscar aliados estratégicos que les permita fortalecer las competencias de este sector de líderes con el fin de implementar proyectos que dinamicen las economías por medio de los emprendimientos solidarios, entendiendo este último como un mecanismo de desarrollo territorial y que son los presidentes de Junta quienes fomentan tales acciones.
Grasping the framework for the urban governance of smart cities in Serbia. The case of INTERREG SMF project CLEVER
Authors: Colic Natasa , Manic Bozidar , Nikovic Ana , Brankov Borjan
Published: August 2020

There is global interest in the smart city, not only as an operational
concept, but also as a funding mechanism of the EU Cohesion Policy, joint
programs, projects and initiatives. According to the EU Commission, a smart
city is a place where traditional networks and services are made more
efficient with the use of digital and communication technologies, for the
benefit of its inhabitants and business. Urban governance, as an instrument
of integrated urban development, has an important role as a decentralization
criterion in improving the smart city?s performance in more developed
countries and regions. At the same time, the countries of Southeast Europe
that are not members of the EU (including Serbia) are lagging in this
matter. Taken that the application of urban governance in the context of a
smart city can be seen as a practical novelty in Serbia, this paper presents
and discusses the existing state of the art in this field. The findings
presented were derived from collaborative engagement within the INTERREG
project CLEVER - Co-designing Smart Local Solutions for Exploiting Values
and Enhancing Resilience, during 2018/2019.
Inaugural sermons of the Serbian patriarchs in the re-established patriarchate of Pec from 1920 to 2009
Authors: Pralica Dejan
Published: August 2020

The aim of this paper is to show the extent to which the discourse in the
inaugural sermons of the newly elected Serbian Patriarchs contains religious
and ideological elements, as well as the reflection of the social and
political circumstances of the time they were created in. The corpus are all
seven sermons of the heads of the Serbian Orthodox Church since the
re-establishment of the Patriarchate of Pec in 1920. The research covers the
analysis of the citations in the authorial texts. The analysis has shown
certain similarities as well as the differences in the structure of the
speeches. All the sermons contain the so-called topos of modesty as a
suitable way to address people in such occasions
Can philosophy do away with transcendence? A dialogue with Milan Brdar
Authors: Milisavljevic Vladimir
Published: August 2020

The paper examines the interpretation of three major philosophical figures -
Descartes, Kant and Heidegger - proposed in the latest monographs by Milan
Brdar. I argue that these valuable books can be best understood as parts of
his unique program of criticism of the Enlightenment. In particular, they
converge in trying to establish a single point - the one of futility of all
attempts to found philosophy which dispenses with the transcendence of God.
Brdar highlights the limits of the Cartesian Cogito, which is unable to
prove anything more than the existence of the self as a thinking being, as
well as the necessity of a transcendent God as a warrant for our clear and
distinct perceptions. On the other hand, Kant is the very type of
philosopher of whom Brdar approves - the one who managed to combine
knowledge and faith. As far as Heidegger is concerned, Brdar?s survey of his
philosophical evolution, especially of his conception of Being as
transcendence and his late turn towards a ?new religion?, is an additional
argument for Brdar?s thesis. However, I argue that Hegelian philosophy
represents a challenge for Brdar?s intent. On this point I depart from the
conclusions on Hegel expounded in the two chapters of his monograph on Kant.
In particular, I disagree with his view of Hegel, substantiated by some
assertions from his writings, as a philosopher whose panlogism verges on
theocentrism. In the final part of the paper I propose instead of several
elements of a radically secular reading of Hegel?s logic, phenomenology and
philosophy of religion. I also argue that Hegel?s philosophy sharply
diverges from the foundationalist pattern of the Cartesian type.
A Model to Integrate Data Analytics in the Undergraduate Accounting Curriculum
Authors: Qasim Amer , Issa Hussein , El Refae Ghaleb A. , Sannella Alexander J.
Published: August 2020

This paper proposes a model to integrate data analytics into current undergraduate accounting curricula across existing courses rather than offering a stand-alone data analytics course. One of the advantages of curriculum integration is that students are introduced to data analysis in a progressive or sequential way. Furthermore, such an approach typically does not require additional credit hours to reflect the changes made to the accounting curriculum to introduce the emerging technologies used in the accounting profession. The model proposes course learning outcomes (CLOs) related to the data analytics applications linked to specific levels of study and accounting courses. In addition, teaching materials including the main textbook, supplemental reading materials, and case studies are mapped across accounting courses. This model is expected to be beneficial for accounting educators and members of curriculum committees when updating an accounting curriculum to include data analytics.
Sex Differences in Coronary Artery Calcium and Mortality From Coronary Heart Disease, Cardiovascular Disease, and All Causes in Adults With Diabetes: The Coronary Calcium Consortium
Authors: Wong Nathan D. , Cordola Hsu Amber R. , Rozanski Alan , Shaw Leslee J. , Whelton Seamus P. , Budoff Matthew J. , Nasir Khurram , Miedema Michael D. , Rumberger John , Blaha Michael J. , Berman Daniel S.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

While diabetes has been previously noted to be a stronger risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women compared with men, whether this is still the case is not clear. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) and CVD in people with diabetes; however, its sex-specific impact is less defined. We compared the relation of CAC in women versus men with diabetes for total, CVD, and CHD mortality.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We studied adults with diabetes from a large registry of patients with CAC scanning with mortality follow-up over 11.5 years. Cox regression examined the relation of CAC with mortality end points.

RESULTS

Among 4,503 adults with diabetes (32.5% women) aged 21–93 years, 61.2% of women and 80.4% of men had CAC >0. Total, CVD, and CHD mortality rates were directly related to CAC; women had higher total and CVD death rates than men when CAC >100. Age- and risk factor–adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) per log unit CAC were higher among women versus men for total mortality (1.28 vs. 1.18) (interaction P = 0.01) and CVD mortality (1.47 vs. 1.27) (interaction P = 0.04) but were similar for CHD mortality (1.48 and 1.48). For CVD mortality, HRs with CAC scores of 101–400 and >400 were 3.67 and 6.27, respectively, for women and 1.63 and 3.48, respectively, for men (interaction P = 0.04). For total mortality, HRs were 2.56 and 4.05 for women, respectively, and 1.88 and 2.66 for men, respectively (interaction P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

CAC predicts CHD, CVD, and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes; however, greater CAC predicts CVD and total mortality more strongly in women.
Efficacy and safety over 2 years of exenatide plus dapagliflozin in the DURATION-8 study: a multicenter, double-blind, phase 3, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jabbour Serge A , Frías Juan P , Ahmed Azazuddin , Hardy Elise , Choi Jasmine , Sjöström C David , Guja Cristian
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE: In
patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled with metformin, exenatide once
weekly (QW) plus dapagliflozin produced greater reductions in glycemic
parameters (glycated
haemoglobin [HbA1c], fasting plasma glucose [FPG], and 2-hour
postprandial glucose [2-h PPG]), weight, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) than
exenatide QW or dapagliflozin alone after 28 weeks of treatment in DURATION-8.
Following a 24‑week extension period, improvements were sustained at 52 weeks. Here,
we investigated efficacy and safety at 104 weeks after randomization.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: DURATION-8 was a 104-week, multicenter, double-blind,
randomized, active‑controlled, phase 3 trial. In total, 695 adults (age ≥18
years) with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control (HbA1c,
8.0%–12.0% [64–108 mmol/mol]) despite stable metformin monotherapy (≥1500 mg/day)
were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive exenatide 2 mg QW plus once-daily
dapagliflozin 10 mg, exenatide QW plus placebo, or dapagliflozin plus placebo. All
104-week evaluations were exploratory.

RESULTS: At week 104, 431 (62.0%) patients completed
treatment. The adjusted least squares mean (LSM)
change [standard error] from baseline to week 104 in HbA1c was greater
with exenatide QW plus dapagliflozin (–1.70% [0.11]) versus exenatide QW plus
placebo (–1.29% [0.12]; P=0.007) and dapagliflozin
plus placebo (–1.06% [0.12]; P<0.001).
Clinically relevant changes in FPG, 2-h PPG, weight and SBP were also observed with
exenatide QW plus dapagliflozin. There were no unexpected
safety findings and exenatide QW plus dapagliflozin was well tolerated, with no
episodes of major hypoglycemia.

CONCLUSIONS: In this exploratory analysis, among those individuals who completed the trial
without rescue therapy, there was clinically
relevant efficacy over 2 years with exenatide QW plus dapagliflozin, with no unexpected
safety findings.
Epigenetic changes in islets of Langerhans preceding the onset of diabetes
Authors: Admin Ada , Ouni Meriem , Saussenthaler Sophie , Eichelmann Fabian , Jähnert Markus , Stadion Mandy , Wittenbecher Clemens , Rönn Tina , Zellner Lisa , Gottmann Pascal , Ling Charlotte , Schulze Matthias B. , Schürmann Annette
Published: August 2020

The identiﬁcation of individuals with a high risk of developing type 2
diabetes (T2D) is fundamental for prevention. Here, we used a translational
approach and prediction criteria to identify changes in DNA methylation visible
before the development of T2D.

Islets of Langerhans were isolated from genetically identical
10-week-old female New Zealand Obese mice which differ in their degree of
hyperglycemia and in liver fat content. The application of a semi-explorative
approach identified 497 differentially expressed and methylated genes (p-value=6.42e-09,
hypergeometric test) enriched in pathways linked to insulin secretion and ECM-receptor
interaction. The comparison of mouse data with DNA methylation levels of
incident T2D cases from the prospective EPIC-Potsdam cohort, revealed 105 genes
with altered DNA methylation at 605 CpG sites which were associated with future
T2D. AKAP13, TENM2, CTDSPL, PTPRN2 and PTPRS showed the strongest predictive potential (ROC-AUC values
0.62-0.73). Among the new candidates identified in blood cells, 655 CpG sites,
located in 99 genes, were differentially methylated in islets of human with
T2D. Utilizing correction for multiple testing detected 236 genes with an
altered DNA methylation in blood cells and 201 genes in diabetic islets. Thus,
the introduced translational approach identified novel putative biomarkers for
early pancreatic islet aberrations preceding T2D.
A LIBERDADE RELIGIOSA À LUZ DA DECLARAÇÃO UNIVERSAL DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Ribeiro Antonio Carlos
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é abordar a recepção da Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos ao tema da Liberdade Religiosa e o contributo para a afirmação da liberdade individual concernente ao direito de manifestação de religião e crença, bem como a prática do culto em público ou particular.  Destacam-se, outrossim, o princípio de proteção às minorias religiosas e de isonomia, além da reflexão acerca dos limites desta temática no documento da ONU. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como estudo bibliográfico, com abordagem qualitativa. Conclui-se que cabe ao Estado proteger todas as religiões, mantendo a neutralidade e sem discriminar a liberdade religiosa, tida como direito individual e prerrogativa dos Direitos Humanos e afirmação da dignidade da pessoa humana.
Study on Solar Proton Events in the Sun - Induced Earthâ€™s Magnetic Field Atmospheric Variations
Authors: Subramanian M. V. , Jagadesan S. , Aruna K. , Pari S. , Deivamalar S.
Published: August 2020

Estimation has been made for the most powerful solar proton events recorded in the Earth environment during 1976 - 2015. This study has been done in association with other related activities such as Sunspot numbers and Solar flare index, the Earthâ€™s magnetic field variation H constant, Dst index, Ap index and Kp index data from Kyoto data centre and OMNI data centre. We found that proton flux occurred after two days indicate the Dst index, Ap index and Kp index and Earthâ€™s magnetic field H constant variations. This study has been done in association with other related activities such as sunspot numbers, solar flare activities. We found that the proton event occurred within 25 to 29 days after the cyclone was formed in the earth atmosphere. Earth atmospheric climate also changed.
Study on Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Sulfur Dioxide, Temperature, Ozone and Rainfall Variations in Hawaiian Island (190 34â€™ Latitude, 1550 30â€™ Longitude)
Authors: Subramanian Dr. M. V. , Jayasudha Dr. B. , K. Aruna
Published: August 2020

The Hawaii observatory is located at 190 34â€™ latitude, 1550 30â€™ longitude and 4207 sq m area. The island of Hawaii is built from fine separate shield volcanoes that erupted somewhat sequentially one overlapping the other. Moderate to strong trade winds carry as and vog from Kilauea volcano around the southern tip of the island. Ninety-nine percent of the gas molecules emitted during a volcanic eruptions are water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (Co2), and sulfur dioxide (So2). The remaining one percent is comprised of small amounts of hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, and other minor gas species. The most critical factors that determine how much vog impacts any area are wind direction and speed. Where and how bad the vog is ultimately depends on several additional factors including air temperature, humidity, and rainfall emitted from KÄ«lauea Volcano. The Co2 atmosphere concentration measured at Mauna Lao observatory (MLO). Hawaii have been used by advocates of anthropological global warming (AGW) as a bell weather of climate. Carbon dioxide concentrations in units of parts per million (PPM) have been measured daily and monthly have been averages reported since 1958. We have analyzed Co2 data from 1958 to 2014, So2 data from 1979 to 1997, CH4 data from 1992 to 2001, rainfall data from 1920 to 2012, temperature data from 1955 to 2015 and ozone data from 1958 to 2014. Here We have analyzed and interpret to draw the line graphs and bar graphs in the following parameters ozone, carbon dioxide, methane, temperature and rainfall. We find the following parameters i) Co2 gradually increased from 1958 to 2014 ii) CH4 gradually increased from 1992 to 2001 iii) The So2 gradually increased and decreased from 1979 to 1997 iv) Mauna loa Temperature increased from 1955 to 2015 and Opihihale Temperature increased from 1965 to 2010 v) Rainfall increased and decreased from 1920 to 2012 vi) Ozone increased and decreased from 1958 to 2014.
Effectiveness of development of diva learning management system models on Algorithm and Programming Mathematics Course
Authors: Muchlis Lita Sari , Rukun Kasman , Krismadinata Krismadinata
Published: August 2020

The development of the DIVA Learning Management System learning model is an increase in student understanding based on problems because learning algorithms and programming is indicated to be low in students' understanding that is abstract in the subjects of algorithms and programming. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to develop a DIVA Learning Management System model that has effectiveness. The methodology used is quasi experimental design in the form of nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. This study found the DIVA Learning Management System learning model with the syntax: a) Display; b) Information Search; c) Virtual Problem Solving; and d) Appraisal, and products from: (1) DIVA learning management system learning model (2) learning tools; (3) modules; and (4) learning media. Analysis of research data shows the learning model DIVA Learning Management System In the effectiveness test of media use for lecturers 92.3% is effectively used and for student learning outcomes with pre-test and post-test test scores can be seen from the achievement score of each respondent. The gain score results indicate the achievement score is at the level of 0.486 with the interpretation that overall an increase in scores after being given treatment to respondents. Based on the results of the data analysis above, it can be concluded that the model developed meets the feasibility to be used.
Effectiveness E-modul based on project-based learning on visual programming courses
Authors: Delianti Putri Irma , Jalinus Nizwardi
Published: August 2020

This research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of e-modules based on Project Based Learning on Visual Programming. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method and the Instructional Development Institute (IDI) model. The research sample were students who were divided into the experimental class and the control class in the Visual Programming. Data analysis was obtained from the results of the posttest and then an analysis was carried out in the form of normality test, homogeneity test and t test. The results of the tests conducted in the control class consisting of 17 students obtained posttest results with an average value of 81.67% and the results of tests conducted in the experimental class consisting of 16 students get the results of the test with an average score of 86 , 54%. Based on prerequisite tests, data analysis, normal, homogeneous experimental research and the use of e-modules this results in significant differences between the control and experimental classes. Based on the results of the posttest and data analysis prerequisite test, it can be concluded that the e-module based on Project Based Learning that is used has been effective.
Development of work based learning models in education of vocational midwifery: part of need analysis
Authors: Marlina Hastuti , Jalinus Nizwardi , Rizal Fahmi
Published: August 2020

Skills in the world of work become demands that must be fulfilled by every education practitioner. Vocational education graduates produced by tertiary institutions do not have maximum competencies that are ready to be used for work, so there is often a gap between the competencies desired by graduates and the competencies produced by the education world. Educational literacy is needed to overcome this gap, one of them is by developing work-based learning models in midwifery vocational education. This study aims to analyze the needs of midwifery graduates, midwifery graduates 'recognition and midwifery lecturers' views on the general competency aspects of midwife graduates and work skills. This study involved five obstetricians from various institutions, five graduates working in various health institutions and five lecturers from various midwifery institutions. The results of the needs analysis showed that the low evaluation of midwifery users regarding the aspects of general competence and work skills of midwives in one year of work, so that the development of work-based learning models in midwifery education is very necessary to equate the desires of graduate users with the graduates produced. Furthermore, the resulting model will be tested effectively, valid and practical so that graduates can compete in the world of work.
Nuevos desafíos para cuestiones pedagógicas históricas. La evaluación en contexto de pandemia
Authors: Sala Daniela
Published: August 2020

Ante el pasaje abrupto de clases presenciales a virtuales en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, dentro del sorpresivo contexto de pandemia, surgen interrogantes y aspectos que parecen nuevos pero que en realidad están basados en dilemas históricos. Uno de ellos es la evaluación.

Les estudiantes se preguntan ¿cómo me van a evaluar? ¿qué actividades son obligatorias?¿cómo me van a poner una nota?¿cómo hago para no perder el año?, etc. Y les docentes también nos cuestionamos cómo evaluar, ¿nuestras propuestas de enseñanza virtual están facilitando los aprendizajes?, ¿hay que poner una calificación numérica a cada trabajo?, ¿cómo comprobar que les estudiantes estén aprehendiendo los contenidos mínimos de la asignatura para acreditarla?

Palabras clave: desafíos – evaluación – virtualización – pandemia
Clases virtuales en el ingreso universitario: la emergencia en la construcción de sentido
Authors: Almirón Alejandra , Bifano Fernando , Cabaña Lorena , González Karina
Published: August 2020

La coyuntura actual en la que el mundo se encuentra, a partir de la declaración de pandemia por el COVID-19, ha significado -y significa aún- un contexto de gran desafío para la “continuidad pedagógica” en todo el ámbito de la educación. El nivel universitario, lejos se encuentra de estar exento de esta situación. Apoyándose en la autonomía universitaria que lo faculta, ha decidido de diversa manera atender y dar respuesta para garantizar el derecho universal a la educación. En este marco, la Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche -en adelante UNAJ-, ha analizado pormenorizadamente, cuáles eran las materias que podían, con las limitaciones del caso, hacer una oferta de clases a través de aulas virtuales.

En esta reseña de investigación en marcha, daremos cuenta del proceso que hemos comenzado a partir de un cuestionario sobre expectativas docentes para las y los profesores de las materias que componen el ciclo inicial de la UNAJ. El procesamiento de los primeros resultados nos ha generado diferentes preguntas acerca de este contexto de virtualidad forzada que nos toca atravesar: ¿cómo afectarán a docentes y estudiantes las condiciones de confinamiento en el hogar y de accesibilidad a las tecnologías digitales para enseñar y aprender en este marco de continuidad pedagógica?  ¿En qué medida la falta de experiencia de docentes y estudiantes en entornos virtuales será un obstáculo para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje? ¿En qué consiste una clase virtual en este marco? ¿Cómo definir sus límites espaciotemporales? ¿Cómo se pueden compatibilizar expectativas entre lo que las y los docentes ofrecen para sostener la enseñanza con lo que las y los estudiantes esperan recibir?, son algunas de las muchas preguntas que empiezan a surgir de la dinámica de trabajo. En particular, en esta presentación trataremos de comenzar a delinear los elementos emergentes para elaborar una respuesta en lo referente con la construcción de sentidos en una “clase virtual” a partir de apelar a una posible definición desde la metodología de la teoría fundamentada basada en el análisis de lo que las y los docentes entienden y asumen que es una clase virtual en este contexto.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Continuidad Pedagógica - Virtualidad Forzada - Clases Virtuales - Teoría fundamentada.
Determination of Potentially Toxic Elements from Poultry Feeds in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Elom Nwabueze I. , Nwanji Obianuju L. , Ikelle Ikelle I. , Nworu Jerome S. , Chukwu Charity O.
Published: August 2020

This study examined potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from poultry feeds. The presence of PTEs in the environment raises health concern because these elements can be toxic, ubiquitous and cannot be degraded to non-toxic forms by any known method and as a result remain in the environment for decades. This is a potential pathway through which these PTEs could easily enter the food chain. Six PTEs (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn) were determined from four feed types (starter, grower, finisher and layer) from four manufacturers coded A, B, C and D. The samples were prepared, digested and analysed for PTEs using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean concentrations obtained were in the following ranges: 0.49 – 0.76 mg/kg (Cd); 11.9 – 7.90 mg/kg (Cr); 5.10 - 7.91 mg/kg (Cu); 7.17 - 9.47 mg/kg (Pb); 26.9 - 34.9 mg/kg (Mn); 3.80 - 6.50 mg/kg (Ni) and 27.8 - 38.4 mg/kg (Zn). These results were compared with the maximum acceptable concentration for PTEs in feeds as stipulated by the European Union standard and the concentrations of Pb and Ni exceeded maximum acceptable concentration. When concentrations exceed set standard, it implies risk to human health. Thus, the need for continuous monitoring of feed compositions.
Clinical and Epidemiological Study of Supernumerary Teeth in Patients from Plovdiv Region
Authors: Cholakova R.
Published: August 2020

Abnormalities in the number of teeth are conditions that occur predominantly in childhood. Therefore, monitoring the prevalence and early diagnosis is very important for the timely and appropriate therapeutic approach. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of supernumerary teeth in patients from the city of Plovdiv.

Methods and equipment: 1,000 dental patients were studied. Data were collected from patients seeking medical attention at the Faculty of Dental Medicine in Plovdiv. We used clinical, X-ray and statistical methods for investigation.

Results: A 1.1% prevalence of supernumerary teeth (ST) was observed in the studied patients. A statistically significant difference was found between the presence of ST in the permanent and mixed dentition, with a 3% relative proportion of ST in the mixed and 0.62% in the permanent dentition (p < 0.05). The relative proportion of ST in the maxilla was 90.9%, and in the mandible – 9.1%. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found in the distribution of ST by jaws. In our study, a higher frequency of mesiodens and distomolar (1.08% and 0.22%, respectively) was found in males, and a decreasing relative proportion from the midline to distally in females (mesiodens – 0.56%, paramolar – 0.19%, distomolar – 0.19%).

Conclusion: Supernumerary teeth are a relatively rare dental abnormality in the Bulgarian population. Its distribution by sex and morphology corresponds to the prevalence in Caucasians and populations of southern countries.
Angioedema in a Patient with Autoimmune Thyroiditis – A Case Report
Authors: Dermendzhiev S. , Dzhambov A. , Dermendzhiev T.
Published: August 2020

We present a case of a 29-year-old Bulgarian woman with autoimmune thyroiditis and recurrent angioedema. The patient presented with a one-year-long history of recurrent angioedema and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Physical examination showed oedema surrounded by erythema on the forearms, and erythematous, itchy plaques spreading over her face, neck, chest, abdomen, and extremities. Blood tests showed elevated total immunoglobulin E (IgE). The patient had been diagnosed with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. She had been taking levothyroxine 50 μg/d, resulting in a good hormonal control; however, her anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies were high. She was started on methylprednisolone and antihistamines. In three weeks, we observed a good therapeutic response to the treatment and the lesions remitted. IgE dropped within normal range. Levels of anti-TPO antibodies were persistently high. In conclusion, patients with angioedema should be tested for thyroid autoimmunity. Further delve into the pathogenesis of angioedema in them is warranted in order to explore the possibility of an underlying atopy in those not responding to the standard treatment with levothyroxine.
On Solutions of Fractional order Telegraph Partial Differential Equation by Crank-Nicholson Finite Difference Method
Authors: Rajesh Kanna M. R. , Pradeep Kumar R. , Nandappa Soner , Cangul Ismail Naci
Published: August 2020

Three main tools to study graphs mathematically are to make use of the vertex degrees, distances and matrices. The classical graph energy was defined by means of the adjacency matrix in 1978 by Gutman and has a large number of applications in chemistry, physics and related areas. As a result of its importance and numerous applications, several modifications of the notion of energy have been introduced since then. Most of them are defined by means of graph matrices constructed by vertex degrees. In this paper we define another type of energy called q-distance energy by means of distances and matrices. We study some fundamental properties and also establish some upper and lower bounds for this new energy type.
Characteristics of Local Officials and High Quality Development of Chinese Agriculture - Evidence from Chinese Governors and Secretaries of the Provincial Party Committee
Authors: Cui Yechen , Han Yali , Lv Ning , Zhu Honghui
Published: August 2020

Local officials play active and important roles in the high-quality agricultural development process in China. In this study, the DEA-SBM model was used to measure the level of agricultural quality development in China, and Tobit regression was conducted to analyze the impacts of officials on agricultural quality development in China. The results showed that between 1997 and 2016, the agricultural GTFP exhibited a downward trend before following an upward trend in China. The personal characteristics of officials had important effects on the development of agricultural quality. In different development stages, officials had diverse effects on agricultural quality development.
A note on Bailey and WP-Bailey Pairs
Authors: Singh Satya Prakash , Mishra Lakshmi Narayan , Yadav Vijay
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we have established certain theorems involving Bailey pairs and WP-Bailey pairs. Further, making use of some known WP-Bailey pairs and theorems for constructing new WP-Bailey pairs, we have also established transformation formulas for q-hypergeometric series.
Measurement of Risk Based on QR-GARCH-EVT Model
Authors: Duan Jun , Zhang Baoshuai
Published: August 2020

This paper described the volatility characteristic of the rate of return of financial asset by using QR-GARCH model, through introducing EVT model and constructing the extreme risk measure model based on QR-GARCH-EVT. In this paper, HS300 index data test was applied to show that under 5% significance level, and QR-GARCH-EVT model can effectively measure the risk value of the sample, but under 1% significance level. QR-GARCH-EVT model will underestimate the risk value of the sample to a certain degree, but generally speaking, compared with other models, the risk value measured by QR-GARCH-EVT model has a higher accuracy to enhance effectiveness.
A Comparative Study on the Dynamic Correlation Effect of Foreign and Domestic Gasoline and Diesel Price Fluctuations
Authors: Zhang Shuliang , Gao Xinwei , Koshi Earnest N.
Published: August 2020

This paper uses the law of one price (LOP) and the DCC-GARCH method based on ten-day price sequences. The findings indicate that, compared with the international refined oil markets with mature market-oriented pricing mechanisms, only in the Chinese market do gasoline and diesel prices meet the LOP. This finding shows that, in the context of the gradual integration of the global refined oil market, the international level of China's refined oil price is still quite low. The price reforms pertaining to China's refined oil products still need to be pushed forward in the direction of marketization and internationalization.
Enhancing the Utilization of Palm Leaf Hay Using Bacillus subtilis and Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the Diet of Lambs Under Desert Conditions
Authors: Hamdon Hatem A. , Kholif Ahmed E. , Mahmoud Gamal B. , Khalifa Ali M.A. , Ati Mohamed N.M. Abdel
Published: August 2020

The efficiency of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis and white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium on growth performance, blood metabolites, carcass characteristics, meat composition and nutrient digestibility of lambs fed crushed whole palm leaf hay was investigated for 105 d. In Experiment 1 (Growth experiment), twenty-four lambs (29.5 ± 1.25 kg) were divided into four feed-based treatments: (1) concentrate and wheat straw ad libitum (control), (2) palm leaf hay (DPL), (3) palm leaf hay supplemented with 2 g of B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium (DPL2) or (4) palm leaf hay supplemented with 4 g of B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium (DPL4). In Experiment 2 (Digestibility experiment), twelve rams, three from each treatment, were used to study nutrient digestibility using the faecal bag technique. Results of the Experiment 1 showed that the DPL4 showed greater (P=0.049) live-weight gain than the control. The diets containing palm leaf hay showed lower (P=0.001) roughage and total feed intake and higher (P=0.001) feed efficiency than the control. Increased serum total protein, globulin, urea-N, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were observed with the DPL4 (P˂0.05). Additionally, diets containing palm leaf hay showed higher ALT levels than the control. The DPL4 increased the hot carcass weight (P=0.006) and dressing percentage (P=0.036), and the diets supplemented with B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium decreased (P˂0.05) the tail fat and all fat levels compared with the DPL treatment. Results of the Experiment 2 showed that nutrient digestibility was lower (P˂0.05) with the DPL and DPL2 than with the control and DPL4. Compared with the control, nutrient digestibility of DPL4 was not affected. It is concluded that replacement of wheat straw with palm leaf hay did not affect the feed utilization or animal performance of the lambs; however, supplementation with B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium at 4 g/lamb daily enhanced the growth performance, and carcass characteristics without any adverse effects on blood metabolites.
Pyometra does not affect some molecular quality-related parameters of canine oocytes
Authors: Pawlak Piotr , Warzych Ewelina , Madeja Zofia E. , Nowak Tomasz , Lechniak Dorota
Published: August 2020

Cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex (CEH/P) significantly perturbs the reproductive performance of affected bitches and ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is a commonly applied treatment. Thus the only way to take advantage of the genetic potential of valuable females is application of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) mainly in vitro embryo production (IVP) or in some exceptional cases animal cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The aim of our study was to examine a potential effect of the CEH/P status on the quality of oocytes from females subjected to OHE. In total, 828 immature oocytes collected from ovaries of 33 bitches (21 control, 12 CEH/P) were subjected to genetic analyses (mRNA expression of two maternal-effect genes: GDF-9, OCT4 and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content). Oocytes of CEH/P females were characterized by a higher mtDNA content (471 696) than gametes of their healthy counterparts (368 175; P<0.005). Transcripts for the two genes were detected in all samples and the mRNA level was not affected by the CEH/P status. In conclusion, the CEH/P complex does not exert a negative effect on oocyte quality reflected by the two parameters examined in this study.