bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RelaÃ§Ã£o entre a forÃ§a de preensÃ£o palmar mÃ¡xima e destreza dos dedos em adultos saudÃ¡veis: ImplicaÃ§Ãµes para a avaliaÃ§Ã£o da funÃ§Ã£o manual
Authors: Lima Kauã C. de A. , Santos Roberto Q. , Freitas Paulo Barbosa de
Published: October 2018

Abstract: Successful object manipulation is fundamental to maintaining an independent lifestyle and, as a result, several tests have been used to assess hand function. The maximum grip strength test is one of the most used, but its validity could be questioned because, among other aspects, we rarely use maximum grip strength (GSMax) during daily manipulation task. Thus, the main aim of this study was to examine the relationship between GSMax and the performance in a hand dexterity task. Twenty-four healthy adults (12 males) between 20 and 39 years of age performed the nine hole peg test (9-HPT) and the maximum grip strength test (JamarÂ® hydraulic hand dynamometer). The results revealed that males were stronger than females and dominant hand was stronger than non-dominant hand. Moreover, males and females had similar performance in the 9-HPT, but both groups had better performance when using their dominant hand compared to their non-dominant one. Finally, and most importantly, the results revealed that there was no significant relationship between GSMax and individualsâ€™ performance in the 9-HPT. The lack of relationship between them indicates that digits dexterity assessed by 9-HPT is not dependent on maximum grip strength exerted by the hand, suggesting that the evaluation of hand function should not be only based upon the results of the maximum grip strength test. Consequently, other grip strength related measurements (e.g., rate of grip force development, grip force control) should be taken into consideration for hand function assessment.Key Words: Upper limb, evaluation, motor skill, force.Â
When estimating reachability in space, young children and the elderly are similar
Authors: Gabbard Carl , Caçola Priscila
Published: October 2018

Abstract: This study examined the age-related ability to mentally represent action in the context of reach estimation via use of motor imagery in children, young adults, and a group of older adults. Participants were instructed to estimate whether randomly presented targets in peripersonal (within actual reach) and extrapersonal (beyond reach) space were within or out of reach of their dominant limb while seated. In regard to total accuracy, results indicated that children and older adults were similar, but scores were significantly lower than those of young adults. Whereas all groups displayed greater error in extrapersonal space, once again children and older adults were similar, but significantly different than young adults. That is, children and older adults displayed greater overestimation responses. Although other factors are discussed, the literature provides a hint that differences are due in part to distinctions in brain structure and functioning.Â Key Words: Mental representation, motor imagery, action processing.Â
InventÃ¡rio de preferÃªncia lateral global (IPLAG)
Authors: Marim Everton de A. , Lafasse Regina , Okazaki Victor H. A.
Published: October 2018

Abstract: This study developed and validated the contents of an inventory of global lateral preference (IPLAG) that can be applied as self-assessment which included representing everyday tasks and different dimensions of laterality, such as (a) hand preference, (b) foot preference, (c) trunk preference, (d) eye preference, and (e) earÂ preference. To validate the IPLAG, it was referred for evaluation of content by professional doctors in the area of Motor Behavior in Brazil. It was analyzed the coherence of the task with the lateral dimension proposed, the understanding of the statement in the proposed task, suggestions for modification in the description of the proposed tasks, also allowing the reviewers to suggest other tasks for the inventory, and other suggestions for the inventory improvement. The analysis of the suggestions from the reviewers was held in a quantitative manner, using absolute and relative frequency of the notes supplied by the evaluators, and qualitatively by a Likert scale established in the instrument provided to reviewers. Evaluatorsâ€™ analyses pointed to the quality of IPLAG as a feature for assessing global lateral preference. Therefore, the IPLAG may be an interesting feature for research and practical diagnostic applications related to the different manifestations of human laterality.Key Words: IPLAG, laterality, lateral preference, inventory, motor behavior.Â
InfluÃªncia da demanda atencional e instruÃ§Ã£o no teste levantar, caminhar e sentar
Authors: Leite Bruno R. , Alouche Sandra R. , Estevam Jéssica P. , Abdouni Samara M. , Freitas Sandra M.S.F.
Published: October 2018

Abstract: The activities of standing, walking and sitting performed in association with other tasks (e.g., holding an object) are very common in our everyday lives. The performance of these concurrent tasks may require greater attentional demand. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the performance of young healthy adults on the "Timed Up and Go" (TUG) test on the dual task paradigm. Twelve young adults performed the TUG test in four conditions: a) no secondary task; b) with a task of holding a tube with both hands without defined attentional focus; c) holding the tube with internal attentional focus (i.e., minimize the hands motion); and, d) holding the tube with external attentional focus (i.e., minimize the movement of a light from a laser pointer fixed to the tube which reflected on a target placed on the wall). A digital chronometer was used to record the time taken to complete the tests. The time spent in the conditions with secundary task relative to the original TUG test was also analyzed. The movement variability of the tube was assessed by recording the kinematics of markers placed on the lateral side of the tube. Analyses of variance were used to compare the total and relative time and tube variability across conditions. More time was necessary to complete the TUG test when specific instruction about the secondary task was given, mainly when related to the movement of the tube (external focus). However, the variability of the tube was also smallest in that condition. Therefore, the addition of a secondary task (holding a tube) affects the performance of TUG only when specific instructions on the attentional focus are given in particular about external effects of the secondary task.Key Words: Time up and Go test, dual task, attentional focus, secondary tasks.
VI Congresso Brasileiro de Comportamento Motor
Authors: Comportamento Motor Sociedade Brasileira de
Published: October 2018

VI Congresso Brasileiro de Comportamento Motor05 a 07 de Julho de 2012 Instituto de CiÃªncias da Atividade FÃ­sica e Esporte Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul - SÃ£o PauloÂ Resumos - PalestrantesResumos - Aprendizagem MotoraResumos - Controle MotorResumos - Desenvolvimento MotorResumos - Comportamento Motor em PopulaÃ§Ãµes EspeciaisÂ
Efeitos do treinamento em esteira ergomÃ©trica na duraÃ§Ã£o do perÃ­odo de apoio e na graduaÃ§Ã£o de forÃ§a muscular de crianÃ§as com Paralisia Cerebral HemiplÃ©gica
Authors: Camargo Marcela R. de , Lundberg Carolina , Saita Leila S. , Bella Geruza P. , Serradilha Simone M. , Souza Regina C. T. de
Published: October 2018

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate if gait training on treadmill is effective to decrease the support time in paretic limb, investigating associations between this variable and the lower limb muscle strength degree, after treadmill training. For this, we invited eight children aged between six and 14 years old, diagnosed with hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Gait was recorded and transformed in frames, with which were obtained each limb phase of stance duration. Muscle strength was evaluated manually and graded by a specific scale. Then, children underwent gait training on a treadmill for 20 sessions, twice a week. At the end of sessions, walking and strength were revalued. In data analysis we used non-parametric analyses with Wilcoxon and Spearman linear correlation tests. Significant differences were found for stance time, in both limbs, after treadmill training. Correlation test showed significant inverse association, after training, between triceps surae and iliopsoas muscles strength and the stance time percentage of non-impaired limb. Gait training on a treadmill was effective, resulting muscle strength gains and stance duration reducing, thus improving ambulation quality.Key Words: Gait, Cerebral Palsy, muscle strength, hemiplegia.
Autoestabelecimento de metas e ansiedade traÃ§o na aprendizagem de subida de degraus na escada de Bachman
Authors: Neiva Jaqueline Freitas de Oliveira , De Miranda Junior Cássio , Bassi Fabiana Monteiro , Cruz Caio Ferraz , Monteiro Carlos Bandeira de Mello , Bokums Raquel Maia
Published: October 2018

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the performance on climbing Bachmanâ€™s ladder rungs in adolescents with high and low levels of trait anxiety (TA) who self-set their goals. We tested the hypothesis that those who self-set goals and scoring low in TA would show superior performance on retention and transfer than those who self-set goals scoring high in TA. The 40 participants [male and female; age 15.81Â±1,01 (MÂ±SD) years] who took part in the experiment were selected from a primary sample of 465 adolescents. Two groups were formed (high TA and low TA) and the task consisted of climbing the rungs of the Bachmanâ€™s ladder. The design was comprised of four experimental phases: 1) acquisition (15 blocks of 10 trials), 2) immediate transfer (one block of 10 trials); 3) delayed transfer (one block of 10 trials), 4) retention, (one block of 10 trials). The analyses of variance indicated significant effects for the main factor â€œblockâ€ in acquisition; the performance in the initial blocks was worse than in the last blocks. No group differences were detected on either acquisition or transfer and retention. Thus, our findings suggest that the practice undertaken through an active engagement of the learner via self-setting of goals enhanced the performance of all participants during acquisition. The lack of differences in performance between high and low levels of TA was probably due to the offset caused by the self-setting of goals.Key Words: Goal setting, self-control, anxiety, adolescents, motor learning.Â
Efeitos da interaÃ§Ã£o entre demonstraÃ§Ã£o, instruÃ§Ã£o verbal e frequÃªncia relativa de Conhecimento de Resultados (CR) na aquisiÃ§Ã£o de habilidades motoras
Authors: Ennes Fernando Carneiro Machado , Ugrinowitsch Herbert , Vieira Márcio Mário , Benda Rodolfo Novellino
Published: October 2018

Abstract: Demonstration, verbal instruction and knowledge of results are variables presented during the process of motor skills acquisition but their interaction was not investigated. This question was tested with three frequencies of knowledge of results plus three ways to supply prior information (demonstration, verbal instruction and demonstration added to the verbal instruction). The task consisted of carrying three tennis balls in a predetermined sequence and target time. A hundred eight volunteers participated in the study, divided into nine groups according to the combination of variables. The experiment consisted of the acquisition phase with 60 trials of practice and tests and data reliability was tested through two way ANOVA. The results showed that demonstration and KR conducted to better performance during tests.Key Words: Motor Learning, Knowledge of Results, Demonstration, Verbal Instruction.Â
Auditory biofeedback decreases jump performance in figure skaters
Authors: Barros Joao A. C. , Florendo Llanel , Le Yvonne
Published: October 2018

The few studies that attempted to increase jump height in figure skaters (Haguenauer et al., 2005, Law & Ste-Marie, 2005) have failed to do so. These studies did not focus on increasing knee flexion, a critical factor for jump height (Moran & Wallace, 2007, Vanezis & Lees, 2005). Auditory biofeedback has been shown to modify posture, balance and cycling performance (Dozza et al., 2011; Nicolai et al., 2010; Liu & Jensen, 2009) and could potentially be used to increase knee flexion in figure skaters. To investigate the effects of auditory biofeedback on the performance of Lutz jumps. Thirteen intermediate level female adolescence figure skaters performed 6 off-ice Lutz jumps under each of 2 conditions: 1) WITH auditory biofeedback; 2) and WITHOUT auditory biofeedback. Auditory biofeedback was provided via EMG Retrainer. Separate repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted for time in the air, knee flexion and EMG activity. Differences between conditions for time in the air (p = .012) and knee flexion (p = .049) were identified. Auditory biofeedback increased knee flexion and decreased jump height. In this case, auditory biofeedback might have directed performers attention to an internal cue disrupting performance (Wulf, 2007).
A Lifespan View on Modulation of Peripersonal and Extrapersonal Reach Space via Tool Use
Authors: Caçola Priscila
Published: October 2018

This study examined lifespan characteristics associated with tool use in the modulation of peripersonal and extrapersonal space. Three age groups: Children (7-12 years), Young Adults (19-23 years), and Older Adults (65-92 years) were presented with two experiments using an estimation of reach paradigm involving arm and tool conditions and a switch-block of the opposite condition. Experiment 1 tested Arm and Tool (20 cm length) estimation and switch-block conditions (from Arm to Tool and Tool to Arm) and found a significant effect for Age and Condition (ps <.05). Post-hoc analysis for Age indicated that children were significantly less accurate than young and older adults. Analysis for condition revealed significant differences for the Arm Switch-Block condition (Retraction) when compared to Tool and Arm estimations. Experiment 2 was similar to Experiment 1 with the exception of using a 40 cm length tool. Results were analogous to those found in Experiment 1. Considered together, these results hint that: (1) the ability to be as accurate when estimating reach with a tool and arm is present across the lifespan, (2) development and decline of action representation follow distinct paths, and (3) retraction of space seems to be more difficult than extension.
Development of fundamental motor skills in children of a public school in the city of Sao Paulo
Authors: Rodrigues Decio , Avigo Eric Leal , Barela Jose Angelo
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: One common observation is that Brazilian children are failing to achieve the expected proficiency, regarding the chronological age, in performing gross motor skills. PURPOSE: The aim was to verify the development of fundamental motor skills of 6- and 9-year-old children from a public school of SÃ£o Paulo city. METHOD: Eight two children were selected from the first and fourth Elementary year, 40 children from the first grade (6.6 year-old, 20 boys and 20 girls) and 42 children from the fourth grade (9.2 year-old, 21 boys and 21 girls). Children were videotaped performing the Test of Gross Motor Development tasks, locomotor and object-control subtests. Three experimenters inspected the video images and rated the childrenâ€™s performance following the suggested criteria. RESULTS: Nine-year-old children were advanced in fundamental motor skill performance compared to 6-year-old, but children from both age groups are delayed to the expected fundamental motor skill development. Moreover, the developmental delay is even worse as chronological age increases, with 6-year-old rated as poor whereas 9-year-old children are rated as very poor in fundamental motor skill development. CONCLUSION: These results raise several concerns regarding the importance of mastering the basic motor skills and future enrolment in motor activities.
Assessment of non-disabled individuals walking with partial body weight support over ground and on treadmill
Authors: Barela Ana Maria Forti , Sousa Catarina O. , Toledo Diana R. , Camargo Marcela R. , Barela José A.
Published: October 2018

Background: Partial body weight support (BWS) systems have been used with treadmills as a strategy for rehabilitation of individuals with gait impairment. Considering that over ground is the commonly surface used for walking, it would be important to compare the use of a BWS system on treadmill and over ground. Aim: To analyze healthy adults walking with no harness and with 30% BWS on treadmill and over ground. Method: Kinematics data from 14 healthy adults (26 ± 3 years old) were acquired as they walked with 30% BWS and with no harness over ground and on treadmill. From these data, temporal-spatial walking parameters and joint and segmental angles were calculated. Results: Several parameter of walking over ground and on treadmill were different and the effects of partial BWS depended on the type of surface the participants walked. In general, walking over ground was characterized by faster and longer strides and with larger body segments excursion compared to walking on treadmill. Participants presented the most stable walking pattern as they walked over ground with BWS. Interpretation: Changes presented by healthy adults were towards an adjustable and adaptable pattern performed under a more stable and closer provided by over ground surface.
Maternity Nurses’ Performance Regarding Management of the Intrapartum Woman With Cardiac Disease
Authors: Abd-Elhakam Eman Mohammed , Salama Amira Mohammed
Published: October 2018

Background: Cardiac disease in pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Effective management is based upon close fetal and maternal monitoring during pregnancy and labour. The aim of the present study was to evaluate maternity nurses’ performance regarding management of intrapartum woman with cardiac disease. Research design: A quasi-experimental design was utilized to fulfil the aim of the study. Sample: A convenient sample of a total 64 maternity nurses was included in the present study. Setting: The present study was conducted in Obstetrical and Gynecological Department at Benha University Hospital. Tools: Two tools were utilized for data collection. I-A structured interviewing questionnaire which include two parts; Part 1: Socio demographic characteristics. Part2: Assessment of nurses’ knowledge regarding cardiac disease during pregnancy and labour which includes Physiological changes of cardiovascular system during pregnancy. Causes and risk factors, etc. II-Maternity nurses' practice observational checklistwhich focus on management of cardiac women during labor including four stages of labour and Nursing care for moderate and high risk cases immediately after labour. Results: Shows significant improvement in nurses' knowledge 57.8% compared to 90.6% post intervention. Also, improvement is clear in satisfactory level of practice after intervention, in first stage for example was 32.8 % pre intervention compared to 87.5% post intervention. there were highly statistical significance differences between mean score of both knowledge and practice regarding management of intrapartum woman with cardiac diseases between the pre and post intervention phases (p<0.001).Conclusion: the study concluded that research hypotheses are supported and educational intervention had appositive effect on improvement nurses 'knowledge and practice and in turn their performance regarding management of intrapartum woman with cardiac diseases. Recommendation: Periodic educational program for nursing staff in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department regarding nursing care of cardiac patients.
Rivalitas Strategi Maritim China dan India di Selat Malaka
Authors: Kusuma Ayusia Sabhita
Published: October 2018

Regarding the significance of Malacca Strait as a key maritime�s �choke-point� passage betweenIndian and Pacific oceans, some major countries become dependence with the security and safetyin Malacca Sea Lines of Communications (SLOC). China and India are two states-user ofMalacca Strait which sharing common interests of economic, maritime trade and energy supplies.The problem is, as a regional power of each region, India and China have an ambition to controlthe security of Malacca�s Strait. China which is more dependent with its 80% trade and energysupply through Malacca Strait, facing �Malacca dilemma� regarding the issue. Then, with thestrategy of �string of pearls� and the modernization of of People�s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN),China became assertive to save its interests. India, which has control over Indian Ocean then feelthreaten by China�s activities around Malacca Strait and Indian Ocean. India starts and enhancesthe development of Andaman Nicobar Command with US support near Malacca Straits to counterChina�s development. This paper will analyze the development of China�s dan India�s maritimestrategy rivalry in Malacca Straits with the concepts of balance of power and maritime strategy.

Keywords: Malacca Strait, China�s maritime strategy, India�s maritime strategy, rivalry, balanceof power
�Selamat Datang Perang Dingin!� Kepentingan Rusia Di Krimea Dan Ukraina Timur Dan Ketegangan Hubungan Dengan Barat
Authors: Muhammad Ali
Published: October 2018

AbstrakPaper ini berupaya memahami memburuknya hubungan antara Rusia dan Barat (Uni Eropa danAmerika Serikat) terkait dengan dengan Ukraina. Yang akan menjadi fokus pembahasan adalahmengapa Rusia melakukan anekasi semenajung Krimea dan melakukan intervensi di Ukraina Timur.Inti argumennya adalah bahwa, pertama, aksi aneksasi Rusia sebenarnya adalah hal yang bisadipahami sebagai puncak reaksi terhadap aksi ekspansi masif pengaruh Barat ke Eropa Timur sejakberakhirnya Perang Dingin. Ukraina hanyalah salah satu sisa-sisa dan benteng akhir mitra Rusia diEropa Timur. Kejatuhan tragis presiden Viktor Janukovych yang pro-Rusia di negara tersebut hanyalahmenjadi faktor pemicu bagi tindakan petualangan Rusia. Kedua, sejauh mana efektivitas respons ataureaksi Barat yang berupa sanksi ekonomi dan diplomatik negara-negara Barat atas Rusia belum bisadipastikan. Bagi Barat, upaya mengendalikan aksi �illegal� Rusia sangat dilematis mengingat Rusiaadalah negara great power. Serangkian aksi Rusia sangat mengkawatirkan Barat dan telah memicuketegangan serius, yakni, �Perang Dingin Baru� yang tak terelakkan

Kata-kata Kunci: Rusia, Barat, Ukraina, Krimea, Ukraina Timur, Perang Dingin

AbstractThis paper attempts to explain the worsening relationship between Russia and the West (EuropeanUnion and the United States) related to Ukraine issue. The focus of the discussion is to elaborate whyRussia carried out an annexation of Crimea peninsula and intervention in the Eastern Ukraine. Themain argument of the paper consists of two points; firstly, annexation by Russia is a peak of reactionsagainst massive expansion of the Western to Eastern Europe since the end of Cold War. Ukraine wasthe last standing partner of Russia in the Eastern Europe. The tragic fall of Victor Janukovych whichwas pro-Russia in the country was only a trigger to Russia�s action. Secondly, the extent of effectivityof response or reaction from the West, for example the economic and diplomatic sanction of Westercountries to Russia is still uncertain. For the West, the attempts to control the �illegal� action of Russiais found to be a dillematic issue considering that Russia is one of the great powers. This worrisomeaction by Russia has led to a sirious tension, namely �a New Cold War�.

Keywords: Rusia, West, Ukraine, Crimea, East Ukraine, Cold War
Peran dan Tantangan Kerjasama Subregional dalam Mewujudkan Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA): Pendekatan Multilevel Governance
Authors: Riyanto Budi
Published: October 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini menganalisa pembentukan Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA) melalui pendekatan multilevel governance. Yakni, melihat dinamika integrasi ekonomi ASEAN dalam proses pengambilan kebijakan baik di tingkat makro-regional yakni pada level regional ASEAN, maupun mikro-regional yang dalam hal ini peranan di level subregional. Kapasitas kerjasama subregional sangat penting terutama sebagai dinamisator ekonomi di wilayah-wilayah terbelakang sekaligus sebagai wadah dalam menerapkan kebijakan alternatif untuk mencapai tujuan-tujuan integrasi ekonomi regional. Kemampuan ASEAN untuk mendorong penyempitan jarak kesenjangan pembangunan antara negara-negara CLMV (Kamboja, Laos, Myanamar dan Vietnam) dengan ASEAN6, serta kesenjangan konektivitas antara tiga subregional yakni GMS (Greater Mekong Subregion), IMT-GT (Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle), dan BIMP-EAGA (Brunei Darussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area) sangat penting dalam upaya mendorong konvergensi kepentingan dan kohesivitas regional menuju kawasan yang berdaya saing.

Kata-Kata Kunci: multilevel governance, integrasi ekonomi regional, kesenjangan pembangunan, kesenjangan konektivitas, subregional.

AbstractThis research analyzes the formation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) using multilevel governance approach. It sees through the dynamic integration of ASEAN in the process of policy-making both at macro-regional level that is the ASEAN regional level, as well as micro-regional role in this regard subregional. The capacity of subregional cooperation is particularly important as the economic dynamist in remote areas as well as the container in implementing alternative policies to achieve the objectives of regional economic integration. ASEAN's ability to drive the distance narrowing the development gap between CLMV countries (Cambodia, Laos, Myanamar and Vietnam) with ASEAN6, as well as the gap between the three subregional connectivity the GMS (Greater Mekong Subregion), IMT-GT (Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle), and BIMP-EAGA (Brunei Darussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area) is very important in order to encourage the convergence of interests and regional cohesion towards regional competitiveness.

Keywords: multilevel governance, regional economic integration, development gap, connectivity gap, subregional.
Pemberdayaan Nelayan Lokal Indonesia Untuk Mengatasi Penyelundupan di Batam
Authors: Mada Kris
Published: October 2018

AbstrakMengontrol laut berjuta kilometer persegi membuat Indonesia memiliki batas maritim besar. Dibutuhkan sumber daya yang sangat besar untuk mengontrol perbatasan maritim secara optimal. Pengawasan untuk memastikan perbatasan tidak digunakan sebagai lintasan perdagangan gelap, perdagangan narkotika, dan penyelundupan senjata. Sayangnya, Indonesia belum memiliki kekuatan pokok minimum untuk mengontrol batas-batasnya. Sumber daya yang terbatas tercermin dalam Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai (DJBC) Kantor Batam, Kepulauan Riau. Agen avant garde dalam pencegahan penyelundupan tidak memiliki cukup tenaga dan kapal untuk rutin berpatroli di sekitar Batam, kota per-batasan yang terletak di Indonesia, dan perbatasan Malaysia-Singapura. Akibatnya, Batam menjadi salah satu pintu masuk dan keluar dari berbagai selundupan. Oleh karena itu, keterlibatan aktor-aktor non-negara untuk menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi penyelundupan. Salah satu aktor negara di Batam adalah pelaut Indonesia lokal yang memiliki lebih banyak orang dan kapal dari DJBC.Kata-kata kunci: penyelundupan, keamanan maritime, manajemen perbatasan, actor non Negara, pelaut local

AbstractControl million of square kilometres ocean making Indonesia has enormous maritime boundaries. It takes enormous resources to control the maritime border optimally. Supervision, apropos, to ensure the border is not used as the trajec-tory of illicit trade, narcotic trafficking, and arms smuggling. Unfortunately, Indonesia hasn�t had minimum essential force to control her boundaries yet. Limited resources was reflected in Directorate General of Custom and Excise (DGCE) Office Batam, Riau Islands. Avant garde agent in smuggling prevention does not have enough personnel and ships to routinely patrol around Batam, border city located in Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore boundaries. Conse-quently, Batam become one of the entrances and exits of various contraband. . Therefore, the involvement of non-state actors to be one alternative to overcome smuggling. One state actors in Batam is a local Indonesian seafarer who has more people and boats than DJBC.Keywords : smuggling, maritime security, boundaries management, non-state actors, local fisheries
Kerjasama Pengelolaan Perikanan Samudera Hindia Dalam Rezim Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC)
Authors: Anwar Soni Martin
Published: October 2018

AbstrakNegara-negara di sekitar Samudera Hindia dihadapkan pada permasalahan perikanan yaitu berupa kegiatan penangkapan Ikan Tuna secara tidak sah (illegal), tidak dilaporkan (unreported) dan tidak sesuai dengan peraturan (unregulated) atau IUU fishing. Dari tahun ke tahun jumlah penangkapan Ikan Tuna di Samudera Hindia terus mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan masyarakat dunia terhadap daging Ikan Tuna. Hal inilah yang kemudian mendorong munculnya kegiatan penangkapan ikan IUU tersebut yang tentu saja memberikan dampak negatif terhadap ketersediaan dan kelestarian Ikan Tuna itu sendiri. Perbedaan kapasitas yang dimiliki negara-negara di sekitar wilayah Samudera Hindia atau negara-negara lain yang memiliki kepentingan di wilayah tersebut dalam menanggulangi masalah IUU telah mendorong negara-negara tersebut untuk membentuk rezim kerjasama perikanan regional melalui pembentukan Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC). Kerjasama ini diharapkan mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan kegiatan penangkapan Tuna secara IUU disamping pula permasalahan lain terkait pengelolaan dan konservasi Ikan Tuna di Samudera Hindia.Kata-kata kunci: kerjasama, rezim, perikanan tuna, IOTC, Samudera Hindia

AbstractThe countries in Indian Ocean has several fishing problems such as Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Tuna fishing. Year by year Tuna fishing in Indian Ocean continue increase due to the increase of Tuna meat needed by people arround the world. This condition encourage the rise of IUU fishing that give a negative impact to the availability and conservation of the Tuna fish themself. The distinction of the countries capacity in Indian Ocean and another countries that have many interest and needed in that area has encourage those countries to establish regional cooperation regime in Tuna fishing through the establishment of Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC). This cooperation is expected to solve IUU fishing and also another problems in management and conservation of Tuna Fish in Indian Ocean.Keywords: cooperation, rezim, tuna fisheries, IOTC, Indian Ocean
Analisis Efektivitas G20 Dalam Menangani Krisis Finansial Tahun 2008
Authors: Utami Arum Tri
Published: October 2018

AbstrakKrisis finansial 2008 menjadi sebuah permasalahan yang sulit dan menantang untuk diselesaikan, yang membawa pada pentingnya reformasi artsitektur tata kelola ekonomi global. G20 muncul sebagai sebuah tata kelola ekonomi global yang signfikan. Kedua puluh negara anggota G20 dapat mengambil peran yang signifikan dalam ekonomi glob-al. Berbagai upaya dikeluarkan oleh G20 dalam menyelesaikan krisis finansial 2008. Salah satu upayanya adalah dengan pemberian stimulus fiskal sebesar 2% dari PDB negara anggota G20. Kebijakan lainnya terus didorong oleh G20 untuk membuat aturan dan pengawasan yang efektif serta berbagai kebijakan sektor finansial lainnya. Efektivitas G20 dalam menyelesaikan krisis finansial G20 menjadi penting untuk dianalisa untuk membuat tata kelola ekonomi global yang lebih baik.Kata-Kata Kunci : G20, krisis finansial 2008, efektivitas, KTT G20

AbstractFinancial crisis 2008 posed a serious of deeper and more challenging problem, that led to calls for urgent reform of the architecture of global economic governance. G20 emerged as a significant global economic governance. The twenty members of G20 can take a significant role in economic global. Various efforts were made by G20 through policies resulted from the Summit. Those efforts include providing fiscal stimulus in the amount of 2% from GDP the member of G20. Other policies have been pushed by G20 to make an effective regulatory, supervisory and other financial sec-tor policies. The effectiveness of G20 in handling financial crisis 2008 was important to be analyzed to make a global economic governance will be better.Keywords : G20, financial crisis 2008, effectiveness, G20�s summit.
Jalan Terjal Menuju ASEAN Economic Community: Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Banyumas di Sektor UMKM
Authors: Kusuma Ayusia Sabhita
Published: October 2018

AbstrakASEAN Economic Community 2015 menuntut liberalisasi perdagangan di tingkat nasional dan daerah untuk menjadi basis produksi dan pasar tunggal ASEAN. Untuk menghadapi ini, pembangunan daerah sebagai basis pembangunan nasional mesti mempersiapkan diri untuk memanfaatkan peluang dan meningkatkan daya saing ekonomi lokal. Kabupaten Banyumas adalah kabupaten yang potensial di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Data menunjukkan bahwa sektor UMKM di Kab. Banyumas mengalami peningkatan baik dari segi jumlah usaha, penyerapan tenaga kerja, maupun nilai dari produk. Namun, permasalahan yang ditemui adalah kurang optimalnya akses pembiayaan atau modal UMKM, permasalahan di bidang pemasaran, serta kurangnya kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia. Perumusan kebijakan yang tepat guna untuk menghadapi permasalahan-permasalahan di sektor UMKM tersebut, adalah syarat utama yang menunjukkan dukungan Pemerintah Daerah terhadap UMKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektifitas kebijakan pemerintah daerah Kab. Banyumas di sektor UMKM dalam menghadapi ASEAN Community 2015.Kata-Kata Kunci: ASEAN Economic Community, Kebijakan, UMKM, Pembangunan DaerahAbstractASEAN Economic Community in 2015 demanding the liberalization of trade at national and local levels to be the basis of production and single market of ASEAN. To face this, local development as the basis foundation for national development should prepare to optimize the opportunities and increase the competitiveness of the local economic. Banyumas district is a potential district in Central Java Province. Data shows that SMEs sector in Banyumas district has escalated its development both in terms of the number of SMEs, absorption of work forces, and the increasing value of the products. Nevertheless, the problems are less deficient access of financing or SMEs capital, marketing, and the lack of the quality of human resources. The needed of formulating right policy to face problems in SMEs sector is the main requirement which shows support form local government. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of local government policy of Banyumas district in SMEs sector in the face of ASEAN Community 2015.Keywords: ASEAN Economic Community, Policy, Small Medium Enterprises, Local Development
Kepentingan Rusia dalam Proyek Pembangunan Pipa Gas Turkish Stream tahun 2014-2016
Authors: Amalia Rifka , Yamin Muhammad
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to analyze Rusia�s interest in the development of Turkish Stream Project in 2014 until 2016. Energy is the most notable sector for Russia that can affect the economy-politics. From economy side, energy exports are largely included in state revenues. Politically, energy is a top priority in every political agenda and foreign policy. Energy is one of determining Russia�s foreign policy toward its energy importing countries. EU is a region that has dependence on Russian energy, especially natural gas. Therefore Russia sees EU as a great opportunity and wants to dominate European�s energy market. So the South Stream project was formed which would deliver Russian natural gas directly to Europe via the Black Sea. This is one of Russia�s step to maintain the EU�s dependence on Russia and dominating energy market. Unfortunately, this project must be stalled due to the Third Energy Package policy implemented by EU. Russia, with its ambition to dominate the European energy market, has had an alternative project to achieve that ambition. The Turkish Stream project was formed in cooperation between Russia dan Turkey. The project planned not only deliver Russian natural gas to Turkey but also Europe via Greece. Although the negotiations and deliberations of this project were delayed, the project was finally continued.Keywords : Energy, National Interest, Third Energy Package, European Union , Russia.AbstrakArtikel ini hendak menganalisa kepentingan Rusia dalam pembangunan proyek �Turkish Stream�. Energi adalah sektor yang paling menonjol bagi Rusia yang dapat mempengaruhi ekonomi-politik. Dari sisi ekonomi, ekspor energi sebagian besar masuk dalam penerimaan negara. Secara politis, energi merupakan prioritas utama dalam setiap agenda politik dan kebijakan luar negeri. Energi adalah salah satu penentu kebijakan luar negeri Rusia terhadap negara pengimpor energinya. UE adalah wilayah yang memiliki ketergantungan terhadap energi Rusia, terutama gas alam. Oleh karena itu Rusia melihat Uni Eropa sebagai peluang yang bagus dan ingin mendominasi pasar energi Eropa. Proyek South Stream yang dibentuk ini akan mengantarkan gas alam Rusia langsung ke Eropa melalui Laut Hitam. Hal ini adalah salah satu langkah Rusia untuk menjaga ketergantungan Uni Eropa terhadap Rusia dan mendominasi pasar energi. Sayangnya, proyek ini harus macet karena kebijakan Third Energy Package yang diimplementasikan oleh UE. Rusia, dengan ambisinya mendominasi pasar energi Eropa, telah memiliki proyek alternatif untuk mencapai ambisi tersebut. Proyek Turkish Stream dibentuk atas kerjasama antara Rusia dan Turki. Proyek ini direncanakan tidak hanya mengantarkan gas alam Rusia ke Turki tapi juga Eropa via Yunani. Meski negosiasi dan pembahasan proyek ini tertunda, proyek tersebut akhirnya dilanjutkan.Kata-kata Kunci: Energi, Kepentingan Nasional, Third Energy Package, Uni Eropa, Rusia.
Home Country Features dalam Mendukung Internasionalisasi Perusahaan (Studi Kasus : Internasionalisasi Foxconn)
Authors: Utami Arum Tri
Published: October 2018

AbstractDeveloping a company from local level to multinational company generally is not a trait that could easily be achieved in a small developing state. Nevertheless, Foxconn as a company originate from Taiwan--a small developing state-- was able to grow into big multinational company supplying it�s product globally. This paper is written to see how Foxconn developed from being a local company to internationalization process in which allow it to be one of the biggest electronic manufacturing service (EMS) company in the world. The role of home country will be seen as a driving factor--how home country features influence state�s policies dan the character of a company--which have an important role in the proccess of Foxconn internationalization and its journey to become one of the biggest multinational company in it�s sector.Keywords: home country, multinational company, Foxconn, internasionalizationAbstrakBagi perusahaan yang berasal dari negara kecil berkembang, mengembangkan perusahannya dari lokal menjadi suatu perusahaan multinasional merupakan hal yang umumnya sulit untuk dilakukan. Namun, Foxconn sebagai perusahaan yang berasal dari Taiwan, sebuah negara kecil berkembang, mampu tumbuh menjadi perusahaan multinasional besar yang memasok produknya secara global. Tulisan ini mencoba melihat bagaimana Foxconn berkembang dari perusahaan lokal hingga mengalami internasionalisasi dan berhasil menjadi salah satu perusahaan electronic manufacturing service terbesar di dunia dengan melihat peran home country atau negara asal perusahaan sebagai faktor pendorong. Akan dilihat bagaimana home country features berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan-kebijakan negara dan karakter sebuah perusahaan yang berperan penting dalam proses internasionalisasi Foxconn dan prosesnya menjadi salah satu perusahaan multinasional terbesar dalam sektornya.Kata-kata Kunci: home country, multinational company, Foxconn, internasionalisasi
European Stability Mechanism Sebagai Upaya Uni Eropa Menangani Krisis Finansial Spanyol
Authors: Rahmanita Nidya , Miryanti Renny
Published: October 2018

Global Financial Crisis has revealed major weakness in the design and implementation of the existing economic governance framework of the European Union. In addition, the first temporary fiscal backstop is EFSF (The European Financial Stability Facility) as a temporary crisis resolution mechanism by the Euro area Member States. In this case, The EFSF does not provide any further financial assistance, so the task of EFSF being replace by the new mechanism that includes the establishment of a permanent crisis management mechanism as the safeguard against imbalances in individual countries that is ESM (European Stability Mechanism).

Spain as one of the Eurozone Member States that fall on financial crisis caused by disproportionate growth in the real estate sector, along with the expansion of credit, on 25 June 2012 made an official request for financial assistance through ESM for its banking system. In accordance with MoU, Spain must conduct a structural adjustment program through identifying individual bank capital needs, recapitalising and restructuring.
PENGARUH TAYANGAN IKLAN TELEVISI �CHIPS AHOY!� TERHADAP EKUITAS MEREK
Authors: Wijayanti Rhisa
Published: October 2018

Promotion through advertising is often done in an effort to develop the association, close relationship between brands with the consumers in order to create equity. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of 'Chips Ahoy!' ad, Baking Show version towards brand equity to children. This study used the quantitative method to prove the hypothesis. The method which used to determine samples was done by Slovin�s formula and the sample was selected by proportional stratified random sampling. Respondents for this study were children from 1 to 6 elementary school grades with 214 people for the number population and 68 people were selected as sample respondents. Referring to the theory of Cognitive Development from Jean Piaget, respondents are researched by several age categories: pre-operational (2-7 years), concrete operations (8-11 years) and formal operation (12 years). The theory that used in this study was framed in Cognitive Response Models by Belch and Belch. The technique of data analysis used simple linear regression and the hypothesis testing used Pearson Product Moment Correlation test. Results showed that the effect was quite low but its still accordance with the theory that the process of thinking on children, in terms of the advertising perceive are changed along with the ages and the experiences. These results for this study was proven that showed the correlation coefficient R was 0.611 so it could be said that there were low effects but definite between the variables, and has a positive direction and significant of 0,001 < 0,05 which means Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. The results of the regression test showed that the effect of Television Ad 'Chips Ahoy!' towards the brand equity to the children was 37.3%.
PROSTITUSI ONLINE DAN EKSISTENSI KEKUASAAN PEMERINTAH
Authors: Yudha Teza , Utamidewi Wahyu , Resmana Adiarsa Sopyan
Published: October 2018

Information globalization has placed Indonesia as part of the world's information society, requiring the establishment of arrangements for the management of information and electronic transactions at the national level. In line with these developments, the internet has changed everything, from the way people think, communicate, connect, work, shop, to the pattern of people in making love. Sexual access can now be easily obtained, from contemporary pornographic content to online prostitution, produced and distributed massively and very quickly on the internet.The idea of sexuality that used to be taboo now obtains a space to discuss. Through the internet, sexuality is used as a recreational arena and a biological necessity as an essential outlet for desire and lust. As Foucault shows that sexuality is not merely a biological drive, but is a form of behavior and thoughts that are subordinated by power relations that are carried out for the purpose other objectives outside the interests of sexuality itself. It is this power that should be used as "social control", legal decisions, to government regulation of sexuality freedom on the internet. The purpose of this study is to find out how the reality of online prostitution is now growing and its relation to government arrangements. This study uses a virtual ethnographic method. The results showed that the Internet became a medium of online prostitution development that increases rapidly so that almost abandon the government power to regulate it.
REFORMA AGRARIA BELUM BERAKHIR
Authors: Jaka Ferdian Komang , Ode Samsul
Published: October 2018

Deforestation is currently a new challenge for Indonesia as a result of massive state enterprises or private actions that land conversion. Indonesian land conversion have an impact on environmental degradation are detrimental to society both in the surrounding woods. Policy at the government's Agrarian Reform Joko Widodo and Jusuf Kalla to be a solution to reduce land conversion action. This article wants to learn about the agrarian reform policy which has been running 3 years Administration Joko Widodo as well as models of indigenous community-based land redistribution. The method used in this article is a qualitative descriptive approach that describes the results of research, assessment and other references reinforced with empirical data based on literature, documents, and media.This article explains a few things, first, based forest management implemented for the public to support the welfare and maintaining the forest environment. Indigenous peoples in managing and protecting the forests have rules that have been derived from the ancestors. Forest management by indigenous peoples based on the belief give good impact to protect the environment. Second, the government agrarian reform policy Joko Widodo and Jusuf Kalla in the third year are still encountering a variety of problems that occur are confusion regulation occurs at the level of the central government, where the government issued Presidential Decree 88 in 2017 which is counterproductive to conflict resolution through agrarian reform. Object Land Agrarian Reform is not based on the needs of society but to refer the forest cover in accordance with the Regulations of Forestry, it makes Java, Lampung, and Bali sealed from agrarian reform policies. Agrarian Reform institutions to manage unclear because until now there is no institutional ad-hoc. Implementation of agrarian reform policies led directly by the president and multiple government agencies.