bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative rC Staple Fiber Tapes - New Potentials for CF Recyclates in CFRP through Highly Oriented Carbon Staple Fiber Structures
Authors: Reichert Olaf , Ausheyks Larisa , Baz Stephan , Hehl Joerg , Gresser Götz T.
Published: June 2019

Increasing waste streams of carbon fibers (CF) and carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) lead to increasing need for recycling and to growing amounts of recycled carbon fibers. A main issue in current research for carbon fiber recycling is the reuse of regained fibers. Carbon staple fibers such as recycled fibers hold big potential for mechanical properties of lightweight parts, if used properly. Applying recycled CF (rCF) as milled reinforcement fibers or as nonwoven in carbon fiber reinforced plastic leads to a poor yield of mechanical proper due to low fiber orientation, limitations in fiber volume content or due to short fiber length. The rC staple fiber tape presents a more efficient approach. Recycled carbon fibers are blended with 50 wt. % thermoplastic nylon 6 fibers and processed through a roller card to a sliver, which is a linear fibrous intermediate. The sliver is continuously drawn, formed, heated and consolidated to the thermoplastic rC staple fiber tape. The tape is similar to common carbon fiber tapes or to continuous tows but has different positive properties, such as high fiber orientation, homogeneous blend of fiber and matrix and suitability for deep drawing.
CMC-Jacketed Piping for High-Temperature Applications: Concept, Laboratory Tests and Large-Scale Application Test
Authors: Friedrich Maximilian , Huang Min , Jüngert Anne , Klenk Andreas , Weihe Stefan , Metzger Klaus
Published: June 2019

The increasing market share of highly volatile electricity generated from renewable sources like wind or solar energy, leads to enormous challenges in the energy sector. Since large-scale storage systems are neither currently nor in the near future available, the gap between electricity from renewable sources and current electricity demand has to be closed with flexibly operated conventional power plants. In order to be a viable, cost-effective option in tomorrow’s energy market future power plants must be highly efficient while having low CO2 emissions. Furthermore, they have to be highly reactive to counter instabilities in the electrical grid due to fluctuations in renewable sources. Current materials used in power plants are only within limits suited to experience extreme changes in operational loads. However, extreme changes of operational loads will become increasingly severe with a growing share of renewables. Our project team has developed a new concept for CMC-jacketed pipes to alleviate these issues. Recently, this concept was further developed and tested in laboratory as well as a large-scale application test at Grosskraftwerk Mannheim (GKM). All tests are still ongoing. Additionally, to the use in modern highly efficient power plants such CMC-jacketed piping is also suitable for other high-temperature applications, like e.g. solar power plants or industrial chemical applications.
Passive Thermography for Detection of Damaging Events during Quasi-Static Tensile Testing
Authors: Popow Vitalij , Gurka Martin
Published: June 2019

In order to determine the material properties of anisotropic continuous fiber-reinforced polymers, such as stiffness and strength, quasi-static tensile tests are carried out, in which the test specimen is subjected to a controlled load until failure. In opposite to ductile metals, exact localization of the failure on the test specimen or observation of the initial or final failure in time is not possible because of the brittle failure mechanism. The sample often breaks down into many small fragments. In order to get a deeper understanding of the failure behavior and to optimize the material and the design of the specimen, a characterization of the damage progress under load by passive thermography was implemented. This is a suitable method for the detection of near-surface defects and provides very promising results, especially in combination with sophisticated evaluation methods of active thermography. An important influencing factor is the analysis of the amount of energy released during a micro-damaging event. In this paper, we show an approach to increase the contrast of single damaging events and a possibility to visualize the damaging progress, especially for near-surface defects. The measurements were realized with continuously fiber-reinforced materials.
Testing of Composite Material for Transport Tanks for LNG
Authors: Kutz Philipp Werner , Werner Jan , Otremba Frank
Published: June 2019

To reduce the emission of carbondyoxide (CO2) of combustion engines, liquefied naturalgas (LNG) is used as an alternative fuel. LNG is transported via truck, ship or railway for longdistances. Double walled stainless steel tanks are used for transportation, which are heavy and expensive.The vacuum insulation between the two walled structure ensures that the LNG stays liquid overthe transportation time (boiling point of LNG: −162 °C). This causes a high temperature differencebetween the transported good and the ambient air. A simplified tank construction is used to reduce the weight and price of the tank. Instead of stainlesssteel, glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) is used. The designed is changed to a single walledconstruction with a solid insulation material outside on the GFRP structure. Goal of this work is the characterization of a suitable insulation material and configuration as wellas the analysis of the mechanical properties of GFRP under cryogenic conditions. Several experimentsare carried out. Numerical models of these experiments can then be used for parameter studies.
Rotational Moulding and Mechanical Characterisation of Micron-Sized and Nano-Sized Reinforced High Density Polyethylene
Authors: Höfler Günther , Jayaraman Krishnan , Lin Richard
Published: June 2019

Rotational moulding (RM) of plastics is predominantly used to produce hollow, singlepiece products. Polyethylene (PE) in its various forms, is the most commonly used material for this process. Researchers have been conducting numerous experiments trying to incorporate reinforcements attempting to improve the mechanical performance of RM products and overcome the material limitations posed by design parameters. One of the most common problems with reinforcement in RM is the migration of the filler towards the inside of the mould and agglomerations. In order to find a competitive material which is desirable by industry, RM experiments were conducted with various composite reinforcements; high density polyethylene (HDPE), numerous types of glass fibres (GF), carbon fibres (CF) and carbon nanotubes (CNT). In particular, the influence of low weight fractions of reinforcement on the mechanical performance, tensile, flexural and impact properties of HDPE were investigated.
Bio-Based and Renewable Filler Materials for Thermoset Compounds
Authors: Gortner Florian , Mitschang Peter
Published: June 2019

Sheet Molding Compound (SMC) was developed in the 1960s and initially enabled the production of glass fiber reinforced polymer composite (GFRPC) in mass production. Nowadays, both material and process are well established for the production of semi-structural components in various applications from construction industry to automotive components. Currently, approximately 20% of all glass fibers produced in Europe are processed to SMC. In this paper, the use of renewable filler materials in SMC is described. By using those alternative fillers, a density reduction of 20%, while maintaining same processability and mechanical properties of SMC, can be achieved.
Immobilization of Lipase onto Magnetic Nanoparticles for Enantiomer Selective Acetylation of Racemic 1-Phenylethylamine
Authors: Ou Zhi Min , Pan Jia Ying
Published: June 2019

In this study, magnetic chitosan microspheres (Fe3O4-CTS) were prepared via chemical co-precipitation and cross-linked with lipase using glutaraldehyde to form Fe3O4-CTS-glutaraldehyde-lipase particles. The textural characteristics of Fe3O4-CTS-glutaraldehyde-lipase particles were assessed by scanning electron microscopy. The optimal immobilization conditions were 2.1 mg/mL lipase, 10 mg/mL Fe3O4-CTS-glutaraldehyde, pH 7.5, 30 °C, 2 h. The loading amount of lipase was 126.0 mg/g carrier, and the specific activity reached to 46.7 U/mg. Fe3O4-CTS-glutaraldehyde-lipase particles was used in resolution of racemic 1-phenylethylamine in a solvent-free system. The conversion and enantiomeric excess of (R)-N-(1-phenylethyl)acetamide reached 33.6% and 97%.
Comparative Study of Calculation Methods for Shield Thickness of Typical Materials against Gamma Rays
Authors: Zuo Ying Hong , Zhu Jin Hui , Tao Ying Long , Niu Sheng Li
Published: June 2019

The paper aims to analyze the shielding properties of concrete and lead materials against gamma rays at different energies, and the relationships between the shield thickness of the two materials and gamma ray energy and attenuation factor have been obtained by using the method of attenuation multiple and the method of half-value-thickness, respectively. The results show that when the gamma ray energy and the attenuation factor are determined, the thickness of the concrete shield layer obtained by the method of attenuation multiple is greater than that obtained by the half-value-thickness method. The relative magnitude of thickness of lead shield obtained by the method of attenuation multiple and the method of half-value-thickness method is relate to the gamma ray energy. When the gamma ray energy is lower than 8 MeV, the thickness of lead shield calculated by the method of attenuation multiple is larger than that obtained by the half-value-thickness method, while when the gamma ray energy is higher than 8 MeV, the conclusion is opposite.
Research on the Mechanism and Microstructure of an Al-Ti-C Parent Alloy Prepared Using the Villiaumite–Woodchip Method
Authors: Yu Liu , He Yong Dong , Du Yu Feng
Published: June 2019

X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to study the microstructure and properties of an Al-Ti-C parent alloy prepared using the villiaumite–woodchip method. The synthesis process of the Al-Ti-C parent alloy prepared using the villiaumite–woodchip method and aluminum liquid had the following stages: The first stage was the formation of titanium aluminum by titanium being displaced from the reaction between aluminum and villiaumite. The second stage was the dehydration and carbonization reactions of the woodchips at high temperatures. The third stage involved titanium aluminum, carbon aluminum, and titanium carbon compounds constitute the Al-Ti-C parent alloy with a refined effect water and carbon dioxide, which were the cracking products of the woodchips, reacted with aluminum to produce alumina and hydrogen, which accumulated in the grain boundary in the form of slag-gas pockets.
Selective Oxidation Behavior of Medium Manganese Steel in Hot-Dip Galvanizing Process
Authors: Yang Tong , He Yan Lin , Wang Hua , Li Lin , Wang Li
Published: June 2019

Surface oxides of medium manganese steel treated under different hot-dip galvanizing processes were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer techniques. Combined with thermodynamic calculation, the effects of dew point and alloying elements on the formation of oxides were investigated. It was shown that many oxides such as Cr2O3 and Al2O3, which deteriorate galvanizing performance largely, were formed at lower dew point, and that the formation of Cr and Al oxides could be effectively inhibited at higher dew point. It was also shown that the formation of MnO could be controlled by regulating the rate of Al/Mn in the composition of experimental steel, thus reducing the surface defect.
Determination of Bimetallic Corrosion Risk Using an Electrochemical Method
Authors: Hagarová Mária , Jakubéczyová Dagmar , Baranová Gabriela , Šimko Rastislav
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate (simulation of environment for salt treatment of roads in winter and the simulation of the environment of condensed exhaust gas) the galvanic corrosion phenomena which can exist in the construction coupling of cars. The electrochemical behaviour of the hot dip galvanized steel and aluminium alloy, stainless steel and aluminium alloy and stainless steel and silumin which were investigated by electrochemical methods in 3 % NaCl solution and in SEG solution. The open corrosion potential measurement was used to obtain the values of the potential for each couple. The measurement showed a greater bimetallic risk for hot dip galvanized steel with aluminium alloy, where there was ΔESCE > 500 mV and this couple is not suitable either for use in aggressive environment. Calculation of the rate of corrosion attack results from the determination of corrosion currents as measured by Taffel and Evans. The extent of corrosion damage was analysed by means of a light microscope. Keywords: bimetallic; aluminium alloy; stainless steel; silumin; exhaust gas; corrosion potential; electrochemical method;
Flexible PET Substrate for High-Definition Printing of Polymer Thick-Film Conductive Pastes
Authors: Dobie Art
Published: June 2019

A major obstacle in screen printing conductive low-temperature curing polymer thick-film (PTF) pastes onto common flexible PET substrate materials is the substantial spread of the pastes beyond the designed line width after printing. Industry observation and controlled testing have shown this spread can be as much as 80% over the circuit design's intended line width. This phenomenon prevents designers from increasing circuit density and/or reducing circuit real estate without incorporating other more involved and higher cost patterning methods. In many cases, flexible circuit fabricators, desiring more accurate high-definition circuit elements, may have to subcontract parts out of house to incorporate alternate patterning methods. This subcontracting, in turn, leads to a loss of control of both cost and lead time. This article will provide results of numerous in-house and field testings, comparing printed line width control, edge definition, and improved conductivity of printed polymer Ag conductors on different flexible PET substrates.
Flaming to control weeds in seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.) turfgrass
Authors: Martelloni Luisa , Fontanelli Marco , Caturegli Lisa , Gaetani Monica , Grossi Nicola , Magni Simone , Peruzzi Andrea , Pirchio Michel , Raffaelli Michele , Volterrani Marco , Frasconi Christian
Published: June 2019

Weed control is crucial to ensure that turfgrass is established effectively. Although herbicides are commonly used to control weeds in turfgrasses, environmental and public health concerns have led to limiting or banning the use of synthetic herbicides in urban areas. The species seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatumSw.) is susceptible to such herbicides. Flame weeding could be an alternative to the use of synthetic herbicides for selective weed control in seashore paspalum. In this study, five different liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) doses of flaming (0, 61, 91, 157 and 237 kg ha-1) were tested in order to find the optimal dose, in terms of weed control and costs. The aim was to maintain a seashore paspalum (cultivar ‘Salam’) turf free of weeds during spring green-up, and at the same time avoid damaging the turfgrass. Using a self-propelled machine designed and built at the University of Pisa, flaming was applied three times when weeds started growing and the turfgrass started green-up. Our results highlight that an LPG dose of 157 kg ha-1was the most economic dose that led to a significant reduction in initial weed cover and density, enabling the turfgrass to recover three weeks after the third application.
Translation of Standardized Patient Encounter Performance and Reflection to Clinical Practice
Authors: Sims-Koenig Kristen N. , Walker Stacy E. , Winkelmann Zachary K. , Bush Joshua M. , Eberman Lindsey E.
Published: June 2019

Context

Standardized patient (SP) encounters have been incorporated into many healthcare education programs, including professional athletic training programs, yet there is little exploration about the use of SP encounters in postprofessional programs and continuing education opportunities.

Objective

To explore athletic trainers' translation of skills and reflections in clinical practice after an SP encounter and debriefing session.

Design

Qualitative action research.

Setting

One-on-one interview.

Patients or Other Participants

Fifteen learners from the same postprofessional athletic training degree program (males = 3, females = 12; age = 25 ± 5 years; certified experience = 3 ± 3 years) without previous SP experience participated in this study. All learners had to be employed full or part-time in a clinical setting.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Sixty days after an SP encounter related to patient-centered care during an orthopedic evaluation and subsequent debriefing session, participants completed an online, audio-only interview after a 10-question, semistructured interview protocol. A 3-person primary coding team identified domains and categories using the consensual qualitative research tradition.

Results

Three main domains emerged from the study: (1) limitations of a novice SP experience, (2) practice transformation, and (3) promoting self-reflection. Participants reported that the initial SP encounter in their postprofessional education was a new experience through which they were able to implement new skills learned in their previous courses. Translation of newly learned ideas or ways of thinking to clinical practice varied among clinicians and their job settings. Collaborative thinking and self-reflection were key components. Participants were able to identify with their classmates' struggles and triumphs and to take away new learning experiences.

Conclusions

SP encounters are a useful instructional and assessment technique for athletic trainers in a postprofessional athletic training degree program to promote self-reflection and to translate newly learned skills to their clinical practice, while nerves and anxiety influenced the learners' ability to suspend reality.
Doctoral Education in Athletic Training: Pursuit of the Degree and Its Influence on Career Aspirations
Authors: Mazerolle Singe Stephanie , Pike Alicia M. , Coleman Kelly A. , Myers Sarah L. , Barrett Jessica , Belval Luke N. , Rush Justin L. , Katch Rachel K.
Published: June 2019

Context

Athletic trainers pursue higher education to obtain positions in academia, which often include scholarship and/or teaching responsibilities. Previous research has investigated the preparation and transition phases for doctoral students moving from student to junior faculty member as well as their professional socialization. However, the reasons for the pursuit of a doctoral degree and doctoral students' career goals postgraduation are not yet understood.

Objective

To explore the motivational factors and attractors for the pursuit of a doctoral degree among athletic trainers in doctoral programs. Secondarily, to examine how doctoral experiences shape career goals and aspirations.

Design

Qualitative phenomenology.

Setting

Higher education institutions.

Patients or Other Participants

Twelve academic doctoral students (8 female, 4 male; 6.0 ± 4 years Board of Certification–certified; 5.0 ± 3.0 years clinical athletic training practice) completed the study.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Participants completed a single one-on-one telephone interview, which was recorded and transcribed. Analysis followed the phenomenological paradigm. Credibility was established through peer review and multi-analyst triangulation.

Results

Past experiences, mentorship, and professional development served as motivators for pursuit of an academic doctoral degree. Past experiences were supported by (1) previous educational experiences and (2) time in a nonacademic role. Additionally, our participants' career aspirations were shaped through mentorship and legitimization during their doctoral programs.

Conclusions

Pursuit of a doctoral degree was primarily influenced by the previous educational experiences that provided students with exposure to responsibilities that accompany a faculty role. Strong mentorship helped support the decision to pursue a doctoral degree, as well as to develop a career plan. Engaging in the role of faculty member via an assistantship also supported the development of career plans.
О разрешимости некоторых классов нелинейных сингулярных краевых задач, возникающих в теории $p$-адических открыто-замкнутых струн
Authors: Khachatryan Khachatur Aghavardovich
Published: June 2019

Исследуются краевые задачи для сингулярного интегрального уравнения типа свертки со степенной нелинейностью. Указанные задачи возникают в теории $p$-адических открыто-замкнутых струн. Доказываются конструктивные теоремы существования нетривиальных решений. Доказываются также теоремы единственности в определенном весовом классе функций. Изучаются асимптотические свойства построенных решений. Из доказанных результатов как частный случай получена теорема Владимирова о тахионных полях для открыто-замкнутых струн.
Gregorian Chant in Medieval Manuscripts in the Slovenian Lands
Authors: Florjanc Ivan
Published: June 2019

As an astute researcher of the musical heritage in medieval codices, the Slovenian musicologist Jurij Snoj condensed in one book his life’s work, which he pursued both professionally (as well as privately) at the Institute for Musicology of the Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Arts and Sciences, Ljubljana, between 1980 and 2018. Eight years after commencing his research, in 1988, he received his doctorate in the field of Gregorian chant with a discussion of partially preserved medieval codices in Ljubljana. He remained faithful to this field of expertise until today, but has deepened his knowledge consistently through codicological analyses of sources within the Slovenian national and cultural space, yet simultaneously looking for answers and connections to the musical traditions of neighbouring countries, especially those of Italian and Germanic origin. It is of no small importance that the author has been attending the symposia of the group Cantus Planus for more than twenty years: a study group of the International Musicological Society that concentrates on specialist questions about medieval Latin monody.
Smisel je naboj v tečajih sveta
Authors: Moličnik Simona
Published: June 2019

Ker je bil Borut Loparnik osebnost globokih načel, so digitalna ugodja ter z njimi povezani spremenjeni miselni procesi, vrednostni sistemi in estetski nazori ostali onstran njegovega humanističnega razumevanja in dojemanja. Njegov globoki smisel pa je ostal kot »naboj v tečajih sveta«: nedosegljivi ideal, ki ohranja spomin na Boruta Loparnika kot pokončnega, dostojanstvenega humanista.
Quality assessment of cryopreserved New Zealand white rabbit spermatozoa in INRA-82 extender containing different cryoprotectants
Authors: Fadl Aya Mohamed , Ghallab Abdel-Raouf Morsy , Ghallab Abdel-Raouf Morsy , Abou-Ahmed Mostafa Mohamed , Abou-Ahmed Mostafa Mohamed
Published: June 2019

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of INRA-82 semen extender with different cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulphoxide; DMSO vs. dimethyl formamide; DMF) on the quality of white New Zealand rabbit buck spermatozoa. We also investigated the possible association between the synergistic action of DMSO and DMF and their relation with INRA-82 extender composition. Semen was collected and pooled from 8 adult rabbit bucks. Pooled semen samples were diluted 1:1 with INRA-82 extender supplemented with DMSO 8%, DMF 8% or a combination of DMSO 4% and DMF 4%. The diluted semen samples were cryopreserved in 0.25 plastic straws. After thawing, progressive motility, sperm viability, sperm abnormalities, membrane integrity, acrosome status, viability index and DNA integrity were evaluated. The results showed that dilution of rabbit buck semen in INRA-82 supplemented with DMSO and DMF (4% each) before freezing significantly (P<0.05) improved sperm motility (42.00%), percentage of live spermatozoa (45.30%), proportions of spermatozoa with intact acrosome (59.75%) and percentage of spermatozoa with non-fragmented DNA (86.04%), compared to those diluted in INRA-82 supplemented either with DMSO 8% (+9, +10, +5 and +7 percentage points, respectively) or with DMF 8% alone (+18 +18, +12 and +9 percentage points, respectively). In conclusion, dilution of rabbit buck semen before freezing with INRA-82 extender supplemented with a combination of DMSO 4% and DMF 4% improved quality of frozen-thawed New Zealand White rabbit spermatozoa. Furthermore, our results also suggest that supplementation of INRA-82 with DMSO or with DMF alone at higher concentrations deteriorates the sperm quality.
Memórias contra-hegemônicas e educação para as relações étnico-raciais: práticas decoloniais em contextos periféricos
Authors: Miranda Claudia , Araújo Helena Maria Marques
Published: June 2019

Nossa perspectiva investigativa está influenciada pela possibilidade de análises dialéticas no plano da simultaneidade, e este trabalho parte de uma abordagem que reconhece coexistência epistemológica frente ao tema da história social, política e cultural de setores marginalizados como as populações afrodescendentes no Brasil e no Equador. Alinhadas ao pressuposto da decolonialidade do saber e da Educação para as relações étnico-raciais, tratamos das outras práxis educativas em contextos não formais de educação, dessa vez a partir do Museu da Maré e do Fundo Documental Afro-andino. Ganham centralidade processos de reorientação epistemológica, como legados para os currículos praticados em contextos de invisibilização dos conhecimentos subalternizados. Defendemos outros “giros” e outras percepções sobre memória coletiva com base em uma perspectiva comparada, além de reconhecer a produção realizada como um modo outro de fazer da(s) memória(s), uma peça indispensável na luta social e política, assumindo contranarrativas e outras formas de insurgir.
Opioid overdose history and awareness of naloxone in patients seeking outpatient detoxification
Authors: Bhardwaj, MD Saurabh B. , Cochran, PhD Gerald , Kmiec, DO Julie
Published: June 2019

Objectives: The goal of this study was to investigate whether patients were knowledgeable about naloxone, and whether they would accept overdose (OD) education and naloxone distribution (OEND), if available.Design: This is a cross-sectional study to ascertain participants knowledge about OEND. A questionnaire was designed requesting information regarding age, gender, ethnicity, previous OD experience, type of substance(s) used, availability and use of naloxone for reversal, other treatment interventions utilized if witnessed OD, ways of seeking help for OD, knowledge about OEND, and willingness to accept OEND.Setting: Study was conducted at the ambulatory detoxification clinic of a tertiary healthcare institution.Participants: Consecutive 131 patients, who presented for primary treatment of opioid detoxification during their visits to the ambulatory detoxification clinic between a predefined timeline from October 2014 through February 2015, were invited to participate, and all 131 agreed to be included in the study. A total of 124 participants returned completed questionnaires (95 percent response rate.)Results: Overall, 68 (52 percent) of the participants indicated that they would accept OEND. A logistic regression analysis showed that younger participants (95% CI: 0.9-1, p = 0.02) and those who identified as non-white (95% CI: 0-0.8, p = 0.01) had higher odds for accepting OEND. Furthermore, prior administration of naloxone was significantly associated with OEND acceptance (95% CI: 1.6-68.6, p = 0.01).Conclusions: Results indicate more than half of participants presenting for outpatient detoxification from opioids have had an OD or witnessed an OD. More than half of the participants were willing to accept OEND. This study provides evidence that patients starting their recovery are willing to accept naloxone.
MicroRNA-125b controls growth of ovarian granulosa cells in polycystic ovarian syndrome by modulating cyclin B1 expression
Authors: Deng Jie , Li Chanyu , Luo Jianbo , Xie Jiaqiong , Peng Cong , Deng Xiaoyang
Published: June 2019

Introduction

There is a lot of evidence that suggests that microRNAs (miRs) play an imperative role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study was designed to decipher the role of miR-125b in PCOS pathogenesis.

Material and methods

Expression analysis of miR-125b was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the KGN ovarian granulosa cell viability was examined by CCK-8 assay. DAPI assay and flow cytometry were carried out for the detection of apoptosis and cell cycle distribution respectively. Protein levels were checked by immunoblotting.

Results

The miR-125b transcript levels were considerably high in polycystic ovaries and ovarian granulosa KGN cells. The inhibition of miR-125b expression decreased the viability of the KGN cells by arresting the cells at the G2/M check point. Target Scan analysis revealed cyclin B1 as the target of miR-125b and suppression of miR-125b caused considerable up-regulation of cyclin B1 expression. Like miR-125b inhibition, cyclin B1 silencing also inhibited the KGN cell viability via G2/M arrest. Ectopic expression of miR-125b was unable to nullify the effects of cyclin-B silencing on KGN cell viability but the overexpression of cyclin B1 nullified the effects of the miR-125b suppression on KGN cell proliferation.

Conclusions

Since miR-125b controls the proliferation rate of granulosa cells in polycystic ovaries, it might be addressed as a potential therapeutic target for PCOS patients
Spectrum of imaging findings in pulmonary infections. Part 2: Fungal, mycobacterial, and parasitic
Authors: Garg Mandeep , Prabhakar Nidhi , Gulati Ajay , Agarwal Ritesh , Dhooria Sahajal
Published: June 2019

Chest radiography is generally the first imaging modality used for the evaluation of pneumonia. It can establish

the presence of pneumonia, determine its extent and location, and assess the response to treatment. Computed tomo­graphy is not used for the initial evaluation of pneumonia, but it may be used when the response to treatment is unusually slow. It helps to identify complications, detect any underlying chronic pulmonary disease, and characterise complex pneumonias. Although not diagnostic, certain imaging findings may suggest a particular microbial cause over others. Knowledge of whether pneumonia is community-acquired or nosocomial, as well as the age and immune status of the patient, can help to narrow the differential diagnoses. The purpose of this article is to briefly review the various pulmonary imaging manifestations of pathogenic organisms. This knowledge, along with the clinical history and laboratory investigations of the patient, may help to guide the treatment of pneumonia.
The value of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of myocardial and liver iron overload in a thalassaemia endemic population: a report from Northeastern Thailand
Authors: Chaosuwannakit Narumol , Makarawate Pattarapong
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Patients with chronic haemolytic anaemia, such as in thalassaemia, require repeated blood transfusions, which leads to iron overload and cellular damage, especially in the heart and liver. Classically, serum ferritin and liver biopsy have been used to monitor patient response to chelation therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to be effective in detecting and quantifying iron in the heart and liver. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the accuracy of the MRI T2* procedure in the assessment of liver iron concentration and myocardial iron overload.

Material and methods

In 210 cases of monthly transfused patients, hepatic and myocardial iron overload was measured by multi-breath-hold MRI T2* and compared to serum ferritin (a traditional marker of iron overload).

Results

No significant correlation was observed between serum ferritin level and cardiac T2* MRI (p = 0.68,
r = 0.06). However, a significant correlation was observed between serum ferritin and liver iron concentration evaluated by MRI (p = 0.04, r = 0.68).

Conclusions

Routine evaluation of liver and heart iron content using MRI T2* is suggested to better evaluate the haemosiderosis status in thalassaemic patients.
Humic surface waters of frozen peat bogs (permafrost zone) are highly resistant to bio- and photodegradation
Authors: Shirokova Liudmila S. , Chupakov Artem V. , Zabelina Svetlana A. , Neverova Natalia V. , Payandi-Rolland Dahedrey , Causserand Carole , Karlsson Jan , Pokrovsky Oleg S.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. In contrast to the large number of studies on humic waters from permafrost-free
regions and oligotrophic waters from permafrost-bearing regions, the bio-
and photolability of DOM from the humic surface waters of permafrost-bearing
regions has not been thoroughly evaluated. Following standardized protocol,
we measured biodegradation (at low, intermediate and high temperatures) and
photodegradation (at one intermediate temperature) of DOM in surface waters
along the hydrological continuum (depression → stream →
thermokarst lake → Pechora River) within a frozen
peatland in European Russia. In all systems, within the experimental resolution of 5 % to 10 %,
there was no bio- or photodegradation of DOM over a 1-month incubation period. It
is possible that the main cause of the lack of degradation is the dominance
of allochthonous refractory (soil, peat) DOM in all waters studied. However, all
surface waters were supersaturated with CO2. Thus, this study suggests
that, rather than bio- and photodegradation of DOM in the water column,
other factors such as peat pore-water DOM processing and respiration of
sediments are the main drivers of elevated pCO2 and CO2 emission in humic
boreal waters of frozen peat bogs.
A rapidly converging initialisation method to simulate the present-day Greenland ice sheet using the GRISLI ice sheet model (version 1.3)
Authors: Le clec'h Sébastien , Quiquet Aurélien , Charbit Sylvie , Dumas Christophe , Kageyama Masa , Ritz Catherine
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Providing reliable projections of the ice sheet contribution to future
sea-level rise has become one of the main challenges of the ice sheet
modelling community. To increase confidence in future projections, a good
knowledge of the present-day state of ice flow dynamics, which is critically
dependent on basal conditions, is strongly needed. The main difficulty is
tied to the scarcity of observations at the ice–bed interface at the scale of
the whole ice sheet, resulting in poorly constrained parameterisations in ice
sheet models. To circumvent this drawback, inverse modelling approaches can
be developed to infer initial conditions for ice sheet models that best
reproduce available data. Most often such approaches allow for a good
representation of the mean present-day state of the ice sheet but are
accompanied with unphysical trends. Here, we present an initialisation method
for the Greenland ice sheet using the thermo-mechanical hybrid GRISLI (GRenoble Ice Shelf and Land Ice) ice sheet model. Our approach is based on the adjustment of the basal drag
coefficient that relates the sliding velocities at the ice–bed interface to
basal shear stress in unfrozen bed areas. This method relies on an iterative
process in which the basal drag is periodically adjusted in such a way that
the simulated ice thickness matches the observed one. The quality of the
method is assessed by computing the root mean square errors in ice thickness
changes. Because the method is based on an adjustment of the sliding
velocities only, the results are discussed in terms of varying ice flow
enhancement factors that control the deformation rates. We show that this
factor has a strong impact on the minimisation of ice thickness errors and
has to be chosen as a function of the internal thermal state of the ice sheet
(e.g. a low enhancement factor for a warm ice sheet). While the method
performance slightly increases with the duration of the minimisation
procedure, an ice thickness root mean square error (RMSE) of 50.3 m is obtained in only 1320 model
years. This highlights a rapid convergence and demonstrates that the method
can be used for computationally expensive ice sheet models.
The Canadian atmospheric transport model for simulating greenhouse gas evolution on regional scales: GEM-MACH-GHG v.137-reg
Authors: Kim Jinwoong , Polavarapu Saroja , Chan Douglas , Neish Michael
Published: June 2019

Abstract. In this study, we present the development of a regional atmospheric transport model for greenhouse gas (GHG) simulation based on an operational weather forecast model and a chemical transport model at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), with the goal of improving our understanding of the high spatio-temporal resolution interaction between the atmosphere and surface GHG fluxes over Canada and the United States. The regional model uses 10 km × 10 km horizontal grid spacing and 80 vertical levels spanning the ground to 0.1 hPa. The lateral boundary conditions of meteorology and tracers are provided by the global transport model used for GHG simulation at ECCC. The performance of the regional model and added benefit of the regional model over our lower resolution global models is investigated in terms of modelled CO2 concentration and meteorological forecast quality for multiple seasons in 2015. We find that our regional model has the capability to simulate high spatial (horizontal and vertical) and temporal scales of atmospheric CO2 concentrations, based on comparisons to surface and aircraft observations. In addition, reduced bias and standard deviation of forecast error in boreal summer are obtained by the regional model. Better representation of model topography in the regional model reduces transport and representation errors significantly compared to the global model, especially in regions of complex topography, as revealed by the more precise and detailed structure of the CO2 diurnal cycle produced at observation sites and in model space. The new regional model will form the basis of a flux inversion system that estimates regional scale fluxes of GHGs over Canada.
Automatically delineating the calving front of Jakobshavn Isbræ from multitemporal TerraSAR-X images: a deep learning approach
Authors: Zhang Enze , Liu Lin , Huang Lingcao
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The calving fronts of many tidewater glaciers in
Greenland have been undergoing strong seasonal and interannual
fluctuations. Conventionally, calving front positions have been manually
delineated from remote sensing images. But manual practices can be
labor-intensive and time-consuming, particularly when processing a large
number of images taken over decades and covering large areas with many
glaciers, such as Greenland. Applying U-Net, a deep learning architecture,
to multitemporal synthetic aperture radar images taken by the TerraSAR-X
satellite, we here automatically delineate the calving front positions of
Jakobshavn Isbræ from 2009 to 2015. Our results are consistent with the
manually delineated products generated by the Greenland Ice Sheet Climate
Change Initiative project. We show that the calving fronts of Jakobshavn's
two main branches retreated at mean rates of -117±1 and
-157±1 m yr−1, respectively, during the years 2009 to 2015. The
interannual calving front variations can be roughly divided into three
phases for both branches. The retreat rates of the two branches tripled and
doubled, respectively, from phase 1 (April 2009–January 2011) to phase 2
(January 2011–January 2013) and then stabilized to nearly zero in phase 3
(January 2013–December 2015). We suggest that the retreat of the calving
front into an overdeepened basin whose bed is retrograde may have
accelerated the retreat after 2011, while the inland–uphill bed slope behind
the bottom of the overdeepened basin has prevented the glacier from
retreating further after 2012. Demonstrating through this successful case
study on Jakobshavn Isbræ and due to the transferable nature of deep
learning, our methodology can be applied to many other tidewater glaciers
both in Greenland and elsewhere in the world, using multitemporal and
multisensor remote sensing imagery.
Experimental Investigation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Bat Carcasses after Collision with a Wind Turbine
Authors: Prakash Shivendra , Markfort Corey D.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Large number of bat fatalities have been reported in wind energy facilities in different parts of the world. The wind farm regulators are required to monitor the bat fatalities by conducting carcass survey in the wind farms. Previous studies have implemented ballistic model to characterize the carcass fall zone after strike with turbine blades. Ballistic model contains the aerodynamic drag force term which is dependent upon carcass drag coefficient. The bat carcass drag coefficient is highly uncertain and of which no measurement is available. This manuscript introduces a new methodology for bat carcass drag coefficient estimation. Field investigation at Macksburg wind farm resulted in the discovery of three bat species: Eastern Red bat (Lasiurus borealis), Hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) and Evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis). Carcass drop experiments were performed from a dropping platform at finite height and carcass position time series data was recorded using a high-speed camera. Falling carcasses were subjected to aerodynamic drag and gravitational force. Carcasses were observed to undergo rotation; often rotating around multiple axes simultaneously and lateral translation. The carcass complex fall dynamics along with drop from limited height prohibits it from attaining the terminal velocity. Under this limitation, drag coefficient can be estimated by fitting ballistic model to the measured data. A new multivariable optimization algorithm was performed to find the best-fit of the ballistic model to the measured data resulting in an optimized drag coefficient estimate. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated significant variation in drag coefficient with small a change in initial position highlighting the chaotic nature of carcass fall dynamics. Based on the limited sampling, the bat carcass drag coefficient range was found to be between 0.70–1.23.
A vortex-based tip/smearing correction for the actuator line
Authors: Meyer Forsting Alexander R. , Pirrung Georg Raimund , Ramos-García Néstor
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The actuator line (AL) was intended as a lifting line (LL) technique for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) applications. In this paper we prove – theoretically and practically – that smearing the forces of the actuator line in the flow domain forms a viscous core in the bound and shed vorticity of the line. By combining a near-wake representation of the trailed vorticity with a viscous vortex core model, the missing induction from the smeared velocity is recovered. This novel dynamic smearing correction is verified for basic wing test cases and rotor simulations of a multimegawatt turbine. The latter cover the entire operational wind speed range as well as yaw, strong turbulence and pitch step cases. The correction is validated with lifting line simulations with and without viscous core, which are representative of an actuator line without and with smearing correction, respectively. The dynamic smearing correction makes the actuator line effectively act as a lifting line, as it was originally intended.
Libertarias: el discurso hedonista de Vicente Aranda
Authors: Úbeda Jorge Berenguer , Rajas Mario , Miranda Francisco Javier
Published: June 2019

Este artículo aborda la poética de Vicente Aranda en su filme Libertarias (1996). Desde la perspectiva metodológica del análisis textual fílmico, se estudia el discurso narrativo y la construcción formal de la obra. Las conclusiones de este artículo destacan la actitud lúdica y hedonista del cineasta en el tratamiento de una historia que contiene los rasgos recurrentes de la filmografía del director tanto en la escritura del guión como en los parámetros estéticos de la realización audiovisual.
El registro y el archivo sonoros bajo las miradas de la etnomusicología
Authors: García Miguel A.
Published: June 2019

El artículo propone un recorrido por las diferentes maneras en que la etnomusicologíareflexiona sobre el registro y el archivo sonoros, desde su primera formulación, conocida comomusicología comparada, hasta la actualidad. El recorrido pone en evidencia que la disciplina adoptóselectivamente interrogantes, definiciones y conceptos de otras áreas del conocimiento, y que susreflexiones sobre el registro y el archivo sonoros fueron sensibles a los cambios teóricos, éticos ymetodológicos que se produjeron en su interior. Se constata, asimismo, que en el escenario actual dereflexión sobre el tema conviven perspectivas muy diversas, algunas de ellas acuñadas hace más deun siglo, que definen al archivo como institución, reservorio, memoria y/o saber.ía
Fondos y archivos de las organizaciones no gubernamentales: retos para la gestión de documentos
Authors: Morte Nadal Tamara Complutense , Esteban Navarro Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar y analizar los problemas y los retos que plantea lagestión de los documentos de las organizaciones no gubernamentales atendiendo a las cuatrofunciones archivísticas: identificación y reunión, conservación, organización y difusión y acceso. Elmétodo seguido consiste en el análisis de la producción científica más relevante bajo la forma de unarevisión bibliográfica de tipo sistemática cualitativa. Se presenta como modelo de referencia laexperiencia de preservación y promoción de los archivos de las sociedades de beneficencia yvoluntarios del Reino Unido. Se concluye que los fondos de las organizaciones no gubernamentalesno reciben suficiente atención ni por sus productores, las autoridades y la doctrina archivística, apesar de su valor para la gestión administrativa, la transparencia, la rendición de cuentas y lareputación de sus creadores y para la historia. Se propone la elaboración de unas directricesinternacionales generales, a partir de los manuales publicados por el Consejo Internacional deArchivos y los archiveros de las ONG británicas, que servirían de base para guías y recursos deámbito nacional. Para el caso de España se sugiere que las autoridades archivísticas de lasComunidades Autónomas deberían planificar y financiar campañas para la recuperación yconservación de fondos mediante convenios de colaboración con las sociedades que operan en susterritorios.
From imperfect agreement to disagreement : conceder (to concede)… mais (but)
Authors: Marque Pucheu Christiane
Published: June 2019

To concede firstly means “admitting/acknowledging” something based on a statement X from a source L1 other than the speaker L2 who concedes, the meaning of a proposition P included in X. But if L2 acknowledges P, he does not accept the conclusion expected by L1, because conceder (to concede) generally implies a mais (but). Concéder (to concede)… mais (but) then opens the way to a concessive sequence introducing a conclusion Q2, which is different from conclusion Q1 resulting from P (the one expected by L1). In a pragmatic, semantic approach we show how, whilst raising disagreement on a point with an interlocutor, to concede introduces a part agreement, then a second disagreement with the interlocutor. The logical relationship reflecting this second disagreement between Q2 and Q1 will differ depending on the corresponding type of concessive – logical, corrective or argumentative.