bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of a Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) Based Lifestyle Intervention in Modifying the Progression of Depression in Clinically Depressed Adults
Authors: Tanyi Ruth A. , Berk Lee S. , Lee Jerry W. , Boyd Kendal , Arechiga Adam
Published: December 2011

Objective:

Uncontrolled stress can lead to poorly controlled upsurges of cortisol and deregulation of the hypothalamus pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), thereby leading to major depression. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is the area of medicine dealing with the bidirectional pathways connecting the influences of brain, neuroendocrine, and immune system. Individual PNI-based lifestyle interventions such as humor and guided imagery have been shown to modulate the stress response. However, researchers have not examined the composite effect of a PNI-based lifestyle intervention among clinically depressed adults.

Method:

This randomized interventional study examined the composite effect(s) of a PNI-based lifestyle intervention: progressive muscle relaxation, spiritual guided imagery, and humor as an adjunct therapy to modifying the progression of depression. Forty-one participants recruited from doctors' offices in San Bernardino and Riverside counties in Southern California, were randomized into two groups: treatment ( n = 20) and control ( n = 21). For a period of three weeks, participants in the treatment group listened to a 12-minute progressive muscle relaxation and spiritual guided imagery CD daily and watched 10 minutes of humorous DVDs. Participants in both groups were also receiving cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy.

Results:

Depression, spirituality, humor, and stress were assessed at baseline and week 3. Depression significantly decreased from severe to mild from baseline to week 3 in the treatment group. Spirituality significantly increased in the treatment group but remained unchanged in the controls.

Conclusions:

These findings offer depressed patients alternative approaches to preventing complications and managing their illness in the context of whole-person lifestyle optimization and integration of mind-body-spirit.
Redescription of Lemuricola (Madoxyuris) vauceli (Nematoda, Oxyuridae) from Eulemur fulvus (Primates, Lemuridae)
Authors: Hugot Jean , Rosario Robles María
Published: December 2011

Lemuricola (Madoxyuris) vauceli Chabaud, Brygoo et Petter, 1965 is redescribed on the basis of a re-examination of type and voucher specimens. Using both light and SEM microscopy, structures such as the cephalic papillae, details of the lateral alae, area rugosa and tail cuticular ornamentation, are described or redescribed with more precision. The detailed measurements of several male and female specimens are given in a table. In the original description, using light microscopy only, the authors had described 3 pairs of pedunculated papillae in the male of L. vauceli. The present study establishes the precise number, shape and disposition of the end of the male tail to include only two pairs of pedunculated papillae, 2 pairs of sessile papillae, and 1 pair of phasmids. As the same pattern was observed in all descriptions and recent redescriptions of species classified in the Enterobiinae, the present work confirms that the number and disposition of the caudal papillae observed in the subfamily is constant.
Spermatophores in Dermopristis cairae Whittington et Kearn, 2011 (Monogenea, Microbothriidae)
Authors: Kearn Graham , Whittington Ian , Evans-Gowing Richard
Published: December 2011

Spermatophores are described in the microbothriid monogenean Dermopristis cairae from the giant shovel-nosed ray, Glaucostegus typus (Elasmobranchii, Rhinobatidae). Each spermatophore consists of a fusiform capsule containing sperm and a hollow stalk. The proximal ends of the stalks of fully formed spermatophores were open and located in a recess on the ventral surface close to, but not inside, the vagina and the male reproductive opening. Three adult parasites carried spermatophores attached externally to the ventral surface. One individual carried 3 spermatophores and 2 others a single spermatophore. In addition, in 2 adults, short lengths of what appeared to be stalk remnants were observed attached near the reproductive openings. With regard to spermatophore exchange, the evidence in support of the following 2 possibilities is discussed. (1) Adult specimens of D. cairae carrying fully formed spermatophores ventrally are recipients not donors, having received their spermatophores singly during mating events. (2) Spermatophore carrying adults are donors, their spermatophores being freshly made and on offer to a potential mate. The evidence points to the first of these alternatives as the most likely but this is not conclusive and requires observations on mating between living parasites.
Rethinking Indigenous Research Approval ‐ The Perspective of a ‘Stranger’
Authors: Coram Stella
Published: December 2011

Ethical practices in relation to indigenous research require that the researcher decolonise the research. This can be challenging when institutional guidelines are unclear but at the same time exacting in terms of the level of input required as a prerequisite for approval. This article explores the ambiguities of approval through a study of the application process for ‘my’ doctoral research to observe indigenous athlete‐role models engaging with young people. I draw on Simmel’s (1976) ‘stranger’ to enunciate the constraints of approval and consent within a decolonising methodology and to propose the possibilities of an ethics of the self.
Nucleoids Dynamic in Escherichia coli: A Growth Phase Dependent Process
Authors: Talukder Ali Azam , Hossain M Anwar , Yamada Mamoru , Ishihama Akira
Published: December 2011

Bacterial DNA compacts in nucleoid bodies. The organization of nucleoid body depends on the association of genomic DNA with a numbers of histone-like proteins. The relax nucleoids organization in rapidly growing Escherichia coli cells associate with six major proteins, Fis, HU, Hfq, H-NS, StpA and IHF, but at stationary phase the nucleoids further tightly pack with Dps. The final steps of compact nucleoids formation occurs with association of MukBEF complex - a bacterial condensin. The change of nucleoid proteins composition in stationary phase accompanies compact DNA organization and genes silencing. Thus, compact nucleoid organization and gene silencing may be crucial for cell survival in stationary phase.Keywords: Escherichia coli, Nucleoid body, Nucleoid proteins, Nucleoid compaction, CondensinDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.867 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 81-88
Production and Comparison of Indigenous and Commercial Bakers Yeasts
Authors: Azmuda Nafisa , Jahan Nasrin , Khan Anisur Rahman
Published: December 2011

A comparative investigation on the characteristics, production and leavening action of two indigenous (isolate FR-1 and DP-4) and three commercial baker’s yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain FT, FP-1 and FP-2) was carried out in laboratory scale. The indigenous baker’s yeasts, FR-1 and DP-4, were isolated from fermented rice and decomposed pineapple and they were presumptively identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces species respectively. Among these five yeast isolates, FR-1, FT, FP-1 and FP-2 were found similar in morphological and cultural characteristics. The effect of physicochemical properties on the growth and production of cell mass was studied. The maximum cell mass was found after 36 h of incubation during growth in MYGP and MYMP media containing 1.5% glucose at 30°C and pH 5.0. The maximum cell mass was produced by DP-4, followed by FP-2, FR-1, FT and FP-1. The effect of different bread ingredients on leavening was also investigated and it was found that oil, butter, egg and milk influenced the leavening action by these yeasts. The pathogenicity test of FR-1 and DP-4 on animal models (rabbits) exhibited no abnormalities in the experimental animals. The indigenous isolates, FR-1 and DP-4, seemed potential as candidates for bread making.Keywords: Baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Physicochemical parameters, Cell mass, Leavening actionDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.868 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 89-92
Effect of Different Sources of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on the Performance of Chilli Seedlings
Authors: Satter M Abdus , Khanam Delowara
Published: December 2011

The effect of different sources of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on chilli seedlings was conducted in the net house of Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur. The AM fungi from various sources including an exotic variety were included in this study. Soil-based AM inoculum was used at the rate of 50 g/pot. It was found that the growth, biomass yield and nutrient uptake of inoculated seedlings were significantly higher than those of uninoculated seedlings. Such higher growth and nutrient uptake appeared to be due to beneficial effects of AM fungi. The performance of the indigenous AM inocula was much better than the exotic inoculum with respect to biomass production and nutrient uptake. Inoculation with AM fungi helped to produce healthy and vigorous seedlings with faster growth. This would help reducing the nursery life and thereby reduce the cost of seedling production. It is expected that the AM inoculated seedlings might perform better in the field trail since the fungi could colonize with the roots.Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Chilli seedlings, Pot cultureDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.870 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 98-101
Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Source of Phosphorus on Root Development and Nodulation of Acacia mangium Seedlings on Degraded Soils
Authors: Satter M Abdus , Hanafi M Musa , Mahmud Tenku MM , Azizah Hashim
Published: December 2011

A pot study on the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and phosphate rock (PR) on root development and nodulation of Acacia mangium seedlings on degraded (tin tailing) soils was conducted in the glasshouse of Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia. Two arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) inoculation treatments, viz., (i) with AM and (ii) without AM in combination with three P sources like Gafsa phosphate rock (GPR), China phosphate rock (CPR) and triple superphosphate (TSP) including a control (without P) were studied in split plot design. Six sets of this treatment combination were established for destructive sampling at 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 and 135 days after planting (DAP). Root biomass yields and root volume of inoculated seedlings given TSP and GPR were identical and superior to that with other treatments throughout the study. The P sources were in the order of TSP>GPR>CPR for enhancing root development irrespective of AM inoculation. The uninoculated seedlings required 15 to 20 more days to produce an equivalent root biomass to that of inoculated seedlings. Number and weight of nodules of AM inoculated seedlings given TSP and GPR were also higher than those with other treatments. As a cheaper source GPR in combination with AM might be used for growing A. mangium seedlings on degraded tin tailings. Keywords: Acacia mangium, Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Phosphate rock, Root development, Nodulation, Degraded soil    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.871 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 102-106
Clinical Characteristics and Serotype Distribution of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolated from Diarrhoeic Patients in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Alam Khorshed , Lastovica Albert J , Le Roux Elza , Hossain M Anowar , Islam M Nazrul , Sen Sunil Kumar , Sur Gour C , Nair G Balakrish , Sack David A
Published: December 2011

Clinical characteristics and serotype distribution of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from paediatric diarrhoeic patients over a three-year period in two geographically diverse areas, Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Cape Town, South Africa, were compared. Both Dhaka and Cape Town patients had similar rates of diarrhoea, vomiting and fever. However, the Dhaka patients were younger (11.8 vs. 13.0 months), had more boys than girls infected (male/female ratio 1.78:1 vs. 1.25:1), had more predisposing conditions (26% vs. 15%) and had more additional stool pathogens co-isolated with C. jejuni/coli than the Cape Town patients. While some C. jejuni serotypes were common to both areas, i.e., O:4, other serotypes were present in one location, but not the other. Differences in clinical presentations and serotype distribution in Dhaka and Cape Town are suggestive of different reservoirs for Campylobacter, and different patterns of infection.Keywords: Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Serotyping, DiarrhoeaDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.875 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 121-124
Effect of Some Environmental Factors on the Growth of Azospirillum Species Isolated from Saline Soils of Satkhira District, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman M Motiur , Mubassara S , Hoque Sirajul , Khan Zahed UM
Published: December 2011

Twelve isolates of Azospirillum, recovered and identified from non-rhizosphere soil, rhizosphere soil of Cynodon dactylon and the roots of the same plant, were collected from five different locations of saline area in the district Satkhira, Bangladesh. The isolates were belonged to Azospirillum lipoferum, A. brasilense, A. halopraeferans and A. amazonense. All isolates, except MR-5, preferred neutral to alkaline condition for their optimal growth. Three isolates (MR-3, MR-4 and MR-8) showed maximum growth at 41°C, while the others grew best at temperature between 35° and 37°C. The optimal NaCl concentration for the growth was found to be 3% for 5 isolates (MR-1, MR-3, MR-4, MR-8 and MR-11) and 5% for the rest 7 isolates (MR-5, MR-6, MR-7, MR-13, MR-14, MR-15 and MR-16). All isolates were true halophilic since they did not show grow in absence of salinity, and all of them were also fungicide (Perfeckthion and Indofil M-45) tolerants to some extent. Keywords: Azospirillum, Growth characteristics, Halophilic, Tolerance to fungicideDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.881 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 145-148
Comparative Studies on Production of Cell Wall-Degrading Hydrolases by Trichoderma reesei and T. viride in Submerged and Solid-State Cultivations
Authors: Gomes Isidore , Shaheen Mohammad , Rahman Sabita Rezwana , Gomes Donald James
Published: December 2011

Lignocellulose-degrading organisms have been used for the conversion of lignocellulosic materials into soluble sugars or solvents in several biotechnological and industrial applications. Complete degradation of complex highly structured lignocellosics requires a concerted action of a wide array hydrolytic enzymes. In this study, two newly isolated fungi, Trichoderma reesei and T. viride, were examined for their ability to produce cellulolytic, xylanolytic and pectinolytic enzymes in submerged and solid-state fermentations. The fungi produced appreciable amounts of the enzymes when grown on potentially low cost lignocellulosic agricultural residues like wheat bran, sugar cane bagasse and corncobs. T. viride seems to be superior to T. reesei with respect to enzyme productions both in submerged and solid-state cultivations. There was a distinct influence of culture methods on the production of the enzymes by the fungi. The enzyme productions were higher in solid-state fermentations than in submerged fermentations. However, taking into consideration of enzyme yields per gram substrate, it was found that the yields were many-fold higher in submerged cultures than in solid-state fermentations. The recovery of the enzymes from fermented slurries in solidstate fermentations was enhanced by using non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 as leaching agent. The enzymes produced by the fungi displayed optimum activities at pH range between 4.5 and 5.5, and at temperatures between 50 and 55°C. The fungi merit further attention as potential sources of industrial enzymes, as they exhibited some excellent properties including the ability to synthesize a wide array of hydrolytic enzymes while grown on cheap and readily available lignocellulosic residues. Keywords: Lignocellulosics, cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma viride, submerged culture, solid-state fermentationDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.882 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 149-155
Effect of Gamma Irradiation and Vacuum Packaging on the Shelf Life Extension of Beef Kebab during Refrigerated Storage
Authors: Hussain M Shakhawat , Uzzaman M Akter , Hossain M Afazal , Alam M Khorshed , Islam M Shamsul , Huque Roksana
Published: December 2011

Investigation was carried out on the shelf life extension of beef kebab by gamma irradiation and vacuum packaging stored at refrigeration temperature. On the basis of combined organoleptic, chemical and microbiological evaluation a dose of 5 kGy and 2.5 kGy extended the shelf life of beef kebabs more than 4 weeks and 2 weeks respectively than the unirradiated kebabs stored at refrigeration temperature. Vacuum packaging with and without gamma irradiation was found to have no effect on the shelf life extension of beef kebab.Keywords: Beef kebab, Shelf life extension, Gamma irradiation, Vacuum packaging DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.883 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 156-158
Effect of Culture Conditions on Production of Cytotoxic Enterotoxin of Aeromonas sobria
Authors: Rahim Zeaur , Khan Sirajul Islam , Ahmed Qazi Shafi , Islam Khan M Nasirul
Published: December 2011

Cytotoxic enterotoxin (Act) production of a cytotoxic enterotoxin (act) gene-positive isolate of Aeromonas sobria was studied in different bacteriological culture media, such as brain heart infusion (BHIB), trypticase soy broth with yeast extract (TSB), casamino acid yeast extract and Richardson's medium. Cytotoxin production was evaluated in Vero cell-line. Of the various media tested, higher titre of Act was produced in BHIB. Production of Act was enhanced when calcium (1 mM), Mg (10 mM), iron (200 ìM) and sodium chloride (0.5%) was supplemented in BHIB. Keywords: Aeromonas sobria, cytotoxic enterotoxin (Act), Vero cell-assay  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.888 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 171-173
Induction of Cellulase Biosynthesis by Cellobiose Octaacetate in Aspergillus humicola
Authors: Nipa Meher Nigad , Sultana Sharmin , Hakim M Abdul
Published: December 2011

Aspergillus humicola, one of the major cellulase-producing fungi, was used in this study for carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) production using Winstead's basal broth supplanted with cellobiose octaacetate (COA), a synthetic carbon source. Under all conditions, the enzyme biosynthesis was remarkably increased when the inducer COA was added to the production medium containing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). Maximum enzyme production (1.62 U/ml) was achieved in COA-containing at 37°C. The enzyme production was highest at initial pH 5.5 and after 7 days incubation. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at 40°C with a reaction pH 5.5. CMCase activity was inhibited by its own substrate CMC at concentration higher than 1.0%. The study clearly demonstrated that COA is a good inducer for extracellular CMCase production by the fungus. Keywords: Aspergillus humicola, Carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase), Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Cellobiose octaacetate (COA)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.889 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 174-176
Detection, Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Cerebrospinal Fluid Specimens from Suspected Meningitis Patients
Authors: Alam M Rabiul , Saha Samir Kumar , Nasreen Tania , Latif Farzana , Rahman Sabita Rezwana , Gomes Donald James
Published: December 2011

Pneumococcal meningitis is the most important cause of community-acquired meningitis in children resulting in high morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate immunochromatographic test (ICT), a rapid detection method, for pneumococci in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and also to assess antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the clinical isolates. The findings of CSF-ICT of suspected meningitis cases were also compared with the results of CSF culture, latex agglutination test (LAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among these diagnostic methods, ICT and PCR showed 100% specificity. A total of 401 CSF specimens were cultured but culture positivity was observed with 55 (13.7%) cases in which Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified from 20 (36.4%) culture-positive cases. A remarkably high resistance rate to gentamicin (95%) and cotrimoxazole (60%) among the invasive strains of S. pneumoniae was observed, while none of the isolates exhibited resistance to penicillin, ceftriaxone and chloramphenicol by disk diffusion test. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed similar susceptibility pattern. The invasive strains (n = 18) belonged to 9 different serotypes including 1, 2, 4, 34, 12A, 38, 19F, 35A and 45. The prevalent serotypes were 2 (23.5%), 1 (17.6%) and 45 (11.8%). The study shows that a remarkable proportion of meningitis cases in children are caused by S. pneumoniae. Diagnostic methods like ICT and PCR can be considered as effective methods for the detection of pneumococcal meningitis even with the patients who have been treated with empirical antibiotics. Ceftriaxone is a safe choice for empirical therapy, while the use of cotrimoxazole for the treatment of meningitis infections is debatable. Keywords: Pyogenic meningitis, Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), Streptococcus pneumoniae Immunochromatographic test (ICT), Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), SerotyingDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1232 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp 24-29
Effect of Azospirillum Inoculation on Growth and Yield of Lentil
Authors: Rahman M Motiur , Mubassara Sanzida , Hoque Sirajul , Khan Zahed UM
Published: December 2011

A field experiment was conducted in 2005 to evaluate the effect of some isolates of Azospirillum brasilense and Azospirillum lipoferum on growth and yield of lentil (Lens esculenta). Azospirillum inoculation significantly enhanced the early emergence of lentil seeds in the field. The inoculation caused the increase in height of the lentil plants at various stages of growth. Due to inoculation fresh weight and dry weight of lentil plant were increased during pre-flowering and post-flowering stages. Significant increase in the number of pods per plant and grain weight due to Azospirillum inoculation was observed. It was also found that the population of Azospirillum increased significantly in the inoculated root samples of lentil plants. Keywords: Azospirillum, Inoculation, Growth, Yield, Lentil (Lens esculenta)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1233 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp.30-33
Antifungal Activity of Forty Higher Plants against Phytopathogenic Fungi
Authors: Begum Jaripa , Yusuf Mohammad , Chowdhury Jashim Uddin , Khan Saifulla , Anwar M Nural
Published: December 2011

Ethanolic extract of 40 higher plants representing 23 families were tested for antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi. The two most active plants showing potent antifungal activity were Acorus calamus and Piper betel. The rhizome extract of A. calamus exhibited highest antifungal activity inhibiting the mycelial growth completely (100%) against all the 6 test pathogens. P. betel exhibited more than 50% inhibition against most of the test fungi. The ethanolic extract of several higher plants could be used as alternative source of antifungal agents for protection of plants or crops against fungal infection.Keywords: Antifungal activity, Phytopathogenic fungi, Higher plantsDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1245 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp 76-78
Fate of Betanodaviruses in the Experimentally Infected Natural and Non-Natural Host
Authors: Banu Ghausiatur Reza , Mori Koh-Ichiro , Arimoto Misao , Nakai Toshihiro
Published: December 2011

To investigate the fate of betanodavirus, the causative agent of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in cultured fish, the tissue distribution of virus in experimentally infected fish was investigated. Two genetically different betanodaviruses, striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV; SJNNV-genotype) and kelp grouper nervous necrosis virus (KGNNV) belonging to red spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV)-genotype, were intramuscularly cross-injected with a dose of 106 TCID50/fish/200 Î¼l in striped jack Pseudocaranx dentex or kelp grouper Epinephelus moara and sacrificed at scheduled to titre the virus in the spinal cord, brain, eye, kidney and blood at day 0, 1, 3, 5, 14 and 21. As a result, intramuscularly inoculated virus was recovered at high titres from the brain, spinal cord, and eye of their natural host species, i.e., striped jack for SJNNV and kelp grouper for KGNNV during 3-week experimental period, while the virus titres were relatively low in the organs of non-natural hosts, particularly in kelp grouper injected with SJNNV. In every case, no virus was detected in blood samples, suggesting that infection did not develop to be systemic. Keywords: Betanodavirus, Viral nervous necrosis, Fate, Tissue distribution, Pseudocaranx dentex, Epinephelus moara, 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i2.1252 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 2, December 2007, pp 100-104
Bacterial Load of Raw Hilsha (Tenualosa ilisha) Collected from Catching
Authors: Jannat Meshkatul , Ahsan Nazmul , Islam M Mon , Raknuzzaman M , Naser M Niamul , Begum Fauzia
Published: December 2011

In this study, bacterial load of Hilsha (Tenualosa ilisha) collected from different catching points, open market and department shop was determined. Samples collected from catching points contained considerably more bacteria than those collected from open market or department shop. This result indicated that fish traders might use some preservatives that reduced the bacterial load. Besides, fish from department shop contained more bacteria than fishes from open market. The possible reason for this variation might be due to fact that the unsold fishes were kept longer times in the department shops. Among the different parts of fish body, maximum number of bacteria was found in scale and skin followed by gill, gut and muscle. High number of coliform bacteria was also found in the samples tested. Proper handling and precautions is important for maintaining the quality of Hilsha.Keywords: Bacterial load, Hilsha (Tenualosa ilisha), Coliform, Faecal coliformDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i2.1265
A Novel Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of Glioma, Combining Chemical and Molecular Targeting of Hsp90a
Authors: Mehta Adi , Shervington Leroy , Munje Chinmay , Shervington Amal
Published: December 2011

Hsp90a’s vital role in tumour survival and progression, together with its highly inducible expression profile in gliomas and its absence in normal tissue and cell lines validates it as a therapeutic target for glioma. Hsp90a was downregulated using the post-transcriptional RNAi strategy (sihsp90a) and a post-translational inhibitor, the benzoquinone antibiotic 17-AAG. Glioblastoma U87-MG and normal human astrocyte SVGp12 were treated with sihsp90a, 17-AAG and concurrent sihsp90a/17-AAG (combined treatment). Both Hsp90a gene silencing and the protein inhibitor approaches resulted in a dramatic reduction in cell viability. Results showed that sihsp90a, 17-AAG and a combination of sihsp90a/17-AAG, reduced cell viability by 27%, 75% and 88% (p < 0.001), respectively, after 72 h. hsp90a mRNA copy numbers were downregulated by 65%, 90% and 99% after 72 h treatment with sihsp90a, 17-AAG and sihsp90a/17-AAG, respectively. The relationship between Hsp90a protein expression and its client Akt kinase activity levels were monitored following treatment with sihsp90a, 17-AAG and sihsp90a/17-AAG. Akt kinase activity was downregulated as a direct consequence of Hsp90a inhibition. Both Hsp90a and Akt kinase levels were significantly downregulated after 72 h. Although, 17-AAG when used as a single agent reduces the Hsp90a protein and the Akt kinase levels, the efficacy demonstrated by combinatorial treatment was found to be far more effective. Combination treatment reduced the Hsp90a protein and Akt kinase levels to 4.3% and 43%, respectively, after 72 h. hsp90a mRNA expression detected in SVGp12 was negligible compared to U87-MG, also, the combination treatment did not compromise the normal cell viability. Taking into account the role of Hsp90a in tumour progression and the involvement of Akt kinase in cell signalling and the anti-apoptotic pathways in tumours, this double targets treatment infers a novel therapeutic strategy.
Marine Polysaccharides in Microencapsulation and Application to Aquaculture: “From Sea to Sea”
Authors: Borgogna Massimiliano , Bellich Barbara , Cesàro Attilio
Published: December 2011

This review’s main objective is to discuss some physico-chemical features of polysaccharides as intrinsic determinants for the supramolecular structures that can efficiently provide encapsulation of drugs and other biological entities. Thus, the general characteristics of some basic polysaccharides are outlined in terms of their conformational, dynamic and thermodynamic properties. The analysis of some polysaccharide gelling properties is also provided, including the peculiarity of the charged polysaccharides. Then, the way the basic physical chemistry of polymer self-assembly is made in practice through the laboratory methods is highlighted. A description of the several literature procedures used to influence molecular interactions into the macroscopic goal of the encapsulation is given with an attempt at classification. Finally, a practical case study of specific interest, the use of marine polysaccharide matrices for encapsulation of vaccines in aquaculture, is reported.
Disinfection of Treated Wastewater and its Reuse in the Irrigation of Golf Grass: The Case of Plant M’zar Agadir-Morocco
Authors: Mouhanni Hind , Bendou Abelaziz , Er-Raki Salah
Published: December 2011

The treated wastewater of Agadir M’zar plant has a good physico-chemical quality and it contains important nutrients (NPK: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium). However, the reuse of this water, without disinfecting it, for irrigating the golf grass in the Agadir region, revealed the presence of a bacterial load that can hinder the quality and suitability of spaces for a population that is very demanding. Among the various methods of water disinfection, chlorination with bleach is the least expensive and the most systematically simple. Its effectiveness depends only on the pH of the waters to be disinfected. This study reports the results of disinfection of M’zar plant wastewater with a solution of sodium hypochlorite (bleach), and their reuse for irrigating the golf grass. For this purpose, we carried out a monitoring protocol for germination and growth parameters (number of tillers and leaf length) in order to study and compare the effect of disinfected treated wastewater (DTWW) and groundwater (GW) on the plant turf. The obtained result showed that the disinfection with bleach increased the salinity of the treated wastewater and can affect the permeability of soils and crops.
Study on Varying-Step Commutation Strategy of Matrix Converter
Authors: Ma Xing He , Zhao Jun Ying , Jia Li , Ji Peng Fei
Published: December 2011

Aiming at safe commutation and improving quality of output waveform, the paper presents a new varying-step safe commutation strategy of matrix converter by analyzing the character of traditional four-step commutation and improved four-step commutation strategy. On the basis of input-voltage-based commutation this new strategy synthetically considers the magnitude of input voltage and output current direction and accordingly distinguishes the safe partition and the unsafe partition. Then different commutation strategies are adopted in different partition which improving the reliability of commutation and decreasing the commutation time to improve the quality of output waveform. Finally, the( ) experiment results demonstrate the availability and reliability of the presented commutation strategy. Thereby, the open-circuit or short-circuit faulty caused by abnormal commutation can be eliminated. The output waveform can be improved because the commutation time can be decreased by 2/3 compared to the traditional four-step commutation strategy.
Certifiable Theory for Lambda calculus
Authors: Lv Hui , Cui Zhi Heng
Published: December 2011

The significant unification of interrupts and randomized algorithms is a confusing problem. Given the current status of lossless information, cryptographers urgently desire the emulation of Scheme. Our focus in this paper is not on whether multicast frameworks and virtual machines [2] are never incompatible, but rather on introducing a game-theoretic tool for refining 802.11b (HeyTidbit).
Research of A-SMGCS System for Complex Airport
Authors: Geng Zeng Xian , Zhao Yi Fei , Ye Zhi Jian
Published: December 2011

According the present complicated and lacks of high-leveled automation ground operation supporting system, based on the concept of ICAO'S A-SMGCS (advanced surface movement guidance and control systems) and the existed facilities of the airport, this paper focuses on the research of a new ground operation supporting system in accordance with A-SMGCS, including the basis system hardware, the surveillance ground monitoring subsystem and the lighting subsystem, etc. The system is capable of not only detecting and predicting the traffic conflicts on the ground but also providing solutions and suggestions. Meanwhile the system can help controllers to arrange and use the airport resources so as to reduce the ground holding time and delay time.
A Framework for Concurrent 3D Process Design Environment Based on SOA
Authors: Meng Biao , Yang Ye Guang
Published: December 2011

By advanced research and technology breakthrough to service architecture and related critical technologies, the 3D process design environment based on SOA is built. These are finished to integrate initially for concurrent collaborative platform crossed system or department and to service the functions frame of integrated discuss, collaborative modeling & simulation and collaborative PDM/PLM. This design environment is very important to resource integration, functions complemented and collaborative process among partners in virtual enterprise.
Determination of Optimum Process Parameters in Gas-Assisted Injection Molding
Authors: Zi Ke Ming , Chen Li Heng
Published: December 2011

With finite element analysis software Moldflow, numerical simulation and studies about FM truck roof handle were conducted on gas-assisted injection molding process. The influences of melt pre-injection shot, gas pressure, delay time and melt temperature were observed by using multi-factor orthogonal experimental method. According to the analysis of the factors' impact on evaluation index, the optimized parameter combination is obtained. Therefore the optimization design of technological parameters is done. The results show that during the gas-assisted injection molding, optimum pre-injection shot is 94%,gas pressure is 15MPa,delay time is 0.5s,melt temperature is 240 oC. This study provided a more practical approach for the gas-assisted injection molding process optimization.
Modeling and PSCAD Simulation Analysis on a Ship Power System
Authors: Cheng Peng , Li Ji Hui , Lan Hai
Published: December 2011

As the rise both of the ships tonnage and the level of electrification heightened, the capacity of the ship power station has also been increased. Therefore, more large-capacity vessels generating units are used to satisfy the needs of the power system in the ship. This paper, by using the PSCAD simulation software, a dynamic simulation model of ship power system is established based on model elements such as prime mover, generators, control device, motor and the related load, based on which the defined load operating process is studied, and the steady state and dynamic performance of the ship power system are obtained. In order to energy saving and make full use of solar energy, in the ship power system, a photovoltaic device is used, and its output DC power is converted into the ship system using three-phase AC power by a inverter. For such a power system, the influences of addition of large-scale energy storage and new power supply equipments on ship power system are analyzed.
The Design of the Multi-Purpose Virtual Voltmeter Based on LabVIEW 8.2
Authors: Yu Qiong Fang , Fu Yong Li , Dong Ai Hua
Published: December 2011

The DTR100 multimode VHF transceiver produced by Italian OTE company is a state-of the-art communication unit. The air traffic control authorities in many areas currently used DTR100 to protect the VHF communication. The results of measured parameters must be a true reflection of the actual working condition of equipment. According to this thought, this paper first analyses the shortcoming of the standard CMS50 radio comprehensive measurement instrument, then introduces two virtues of OTE test box, and the implementation procedure on audio signal 600Ω impedance matching. Moreover, this paper is to improve to technical staff the routine operations and the maintenance, to play the best performance of the equipment, in order to ensure the rapid development of the civil aviation industry in China.
Observability Analysis and Simulation for RAPINS/Gravity Matching Integrated Navigation System
Authors: Wang Feng Lin , Wen Xiu Lan , Wang Dong Xia
Published: December 2011

To lower the cost of passive gravity navigation, a simple and easy passive gravity navigation, which is composed of a rate azimuth inertial platform with a gravity sensor on it, and a digital gravity map, is proposed. Based on the local observability theory, the relationship between the observation of the integrated system and the gravity field’s roughness is deduced by the singular value of the observation matrix. The simulation of the integrated navigation system is carried out with Matlab/Simulink and gravity anomaly map whose resolution is five over one thousand. Simulation results show that, in the area with evident gravity anomaly, the positioning error of the RAPINS/Gravity integrated navigation system, combined of moderate precision accelerometers and gyroscopes, is small, which can meet up with the demand of underwater passive navigation.
An Improved RNAMC Image Representation
Authors: Zheng Yun Ping , Li Zu Jia , Sarem Mudar , Yang Qing Hong , Liao Xiu Xiu
Published: December 2011

In this paper, by controlling the ratio of the length and the width of a homogenous block, we proposed an improved algorithm for the gray image representation by using the Rectangular Non-symmetry and Anti-packing Model Coding (RNAMC) and extended shading approach, which is called the IRNAMC image representation method. Also, we present an IRNAMC representation algorithm of gray images. By comparing our proposed IRNAMC method with the conventional S-Tree Coding (STC) method, the experimental results presented in this paper show that the former can significantly reduce the lower bit rate and the number of homogenous blocks than the latter whereas remaining the satisfactory image quality. Also, the experimental results show that by controlling the ratio of the length and the width, we can improve the reconstructed image quality of the RNAMC method.
Technology of CAN Bus Used in the Pulse Power Source Control System
Authors: Zhang Xiu Dong , Gu Jin Liang , Wang Li , Zhang Xiang Shu
Published: December 2011

he Pulse power source (PPS) control system works in the environment of strong electromagnetic interference, to ensure the system's stability and reliability in the conditions of the multiple PPS modules' working synchronously in timing sequence the CAN bus driver design and optical communication interface design are adopted. The overall design of the PPS control system is proposed after analyzing the principle of PPS. The circuit of data collection of high voltage and high current is designed. The actual experiment proved that this system has high resistance to strong electromagnetic interference and it can work stably and reliably.
A Method to Optimize the Configuration of 2G Neighbors Cell for 3G Cel
Authors: Wang Sheng Xu
Published: December 2011

At present, the optimization of neighbors between TD-SCDMA and GSM is highly dependent on the experience and driver test, which lacks efficiency and accuracy. The paper provides a method of neighbor optimization among different systems. By combining together the Voronoi diagrams of TD-SCDMA and GSM cells, statistics on Handoveres between TD-SCDMA and GSM systems, the MR data of the GSM system and the performance statistics of the GSM OMC, the method not only boosts the efficiency of neighbor optimization, but also increases its accuracy as well.
Communication Security Using a Combination of Steganographic System and Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Lu Kuang Ya , Hsu Wei Tai , Tung Pi Cheng , Tseng Chien Jung , Huang Norden E. , Lin Shih Lin
Published: December 2011

nformation security has become a major issue in recent years, as new ways of information exchange arise due to the rapid development of computing, communication and internet technologies. We propose the image communication systems to secure the information by using a steganographic system and empirical mode decomposition method. The concealed message between the sender and receiver is important in the steganographic system. The encrypted message is further decomposed by using the empirical mode decomposition. The information is transmitted via the public channel and secure channel. At the receiver side the weak message can be retrieved back effectively. The retrieved message carries the same characteristics as the original message. Simulation results have confirmed that this combination model is highly robust against various signal processing operations and geometric attacks. The system increases the security of information data given a variety of constraints and conditions. Our methods have been proven effective for application in various fields which require secure communication, such as mobile telephone, internet and others. By means of this method, researchers can better understand the characteristics of the secure communication.
A Research of Highly Effective Statistical Multiplexing Strategy
Authors: Chen Jian , Su Kai Xiong , Yang Xiu Zhi
Published: December 2011

This article combines traditional scheduling algorithms' characteristic with newly multiplexing method for stream media, integrates two kinds of multiplexing models with monopolizing buffer and sharing buffer, and an efficient statistical multiplexing strategy is proposed that is suitable for VBR real-time stream. This multiplexing strategy creates different weight formulas for two buffer levels respectively: in the first level non-loss multiplexing is carried on, and weight factor is calculated by data storage and arrival order from each channel, so who has the largest weight value will be dispatched at top priority; the second level is compatible non-loss with loss multiplexing, and weight equation is established by the importance as well as overflow of data, finally who has the smallest weight value will be dropped firstly. Through theoretical analysis and simulation test, it indicates that this kind of statistical multiplexing strategy which uses least buffer and does less harm to data can carry the maximum transport rate, thus is more advantageous in raising channel utilization.
Inspiration from New Urbanism to the Development of Chinese Communities
Authors: Luan Ya Lin , Deng Qing Yao
Published: December 2011

After the World War II, cities expanded rapidly. Some social problems such as traffic jam, air pollution, land waste, inner town’s decline and so on are brought about by the suburb development mode which is represented by low-density single-storey houses and car’s traffic. On the background, New Urbanism which stands for the community living theory that corresponds to suburbanization, rose from the end of 1980s in the U.S., expanded rapidly and formed the design trend of thought which influenced the world. It proposed to renew the tradition of townlets and towns planning before the World War II, modeling communities of compact type possessing towns living atmosphere which substituted suburb’s spread mode. Theory and practice of New Urbanism which receives much attention from the masses, news media and public voice complies with the modern mode which puts emphasis on traditional culture and seeking sustainable development, gets business success and becomes the significant genre in the field of city design and planning in recent years.
Cryptanalysis of a Fragile Watermark Based H.264/AVC Video Authentication Scheme
Authors: Ting Grace C.W. , Goi Bok Min , Lee S. W.
Published: December 2011

H.264/AVC is a widespread standard for high definition video (HD) for example DVD and HD videos on the internet. To prevent unauthorized modifications, video authentication can be used. In this paper, we present a cryptanalysis of a H.264/AVC video authentication scheme proposed by Saadi et al. [1] at EUSIPCO 2009. Our result will prevent situations where newer schemes are developed from the scheme thus amplifying the flaw. The designers claimed that the scheme can detect modifications on watermarked video. However, we show that an attacker can modify the watermarked video and compute a valid watermark such that the recipient will retrieve a watermark from the modified watermarked video that will match what the recipient computes during video authentication check. Thus, the recipient will think the tampered video is authentic. The first main problem of the scheme is its use of hash functions for watermark generation. Since hash functions are public functions not depending on any secret, the attacker can modify the watermarked video and feed this through the hash function to compute a new watermark. The second problem is that it is possible for the attacker to perform watermark embedding thus producing a modified watermarked video. On receiving the modified video, the recipient recomputes the watermark and compares this with the watermark extracted from the video. They will match because the embedded watermark and recomputed watermark use the same hash function based watermark generation and the same input i.e. the modified video. Our cryptanalysis strategy applies to any watermarking based video authentication scheme where the watermark and embedding are not functions of secrets. As countermeasure, the functions should be designed so that only legitimate parties can perform them. We present two improved schemes that solve this problem based on private key signing functions and message authentication functions respectively.
The Research of 3D Reconstruction Based on Streak Tube Imaging Lidar
Authors: Ma Chen Ning , Han Shao Kun , Wang Ping
Published: December 2011

The streak tube imaging lidar (STIL) system is a new 3D imaging technology that can obtain a complete frame image of the target with only one laser pulse and it has many advantages such as high frame rate, big field of view and so on over the scanning-mechanism system. The principle of the experiment will be introduced firstly and the pre-process of the data will be simply discussed, such as correction of image distortion, the noise filter and image enhancement, data segmentation and so on. All the methods to the above data pre-process are specially adopted for the STIL system. The range of the target, the time of the photoelectron flight and the range of the target image on the phosphor screen have a linear relationship and it will be proved; according this, a mathematical model to reconstruct the 3D image is put forward and the algorithm to calculate the relative range of the target is confirmed. Based on the model and the algorithm, a program in the VC++ and matlab environment to analyze the lidar data, reconstruct and display the 3D image of the target is compiled. The result verifies the model and the algorithm effective.