bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphogenesis and adjustment of flat rod structures.
Authors: Skochko Volodymyr , Ploskyi Vitalii
Published: November 2018

The mathematical apparatus allowing receiving the preliminary form of rod construction as well as changing positions of nods of the received model, systemically redistributing internal forces in its rods was considered in this paper. To achieve this, the parametric equations of rods of the construction are used. These equations reflect the relationship between coordinates of the model, stiffness parameters, and the characteristics of the external forces acting on the structure. The flat hinged trusses, the rods of which work only on tension or compression, are considered as an object of researches. Several examples of the shaping and adjustment of flat trusses are given, taking into account different initial conditions.
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Ikan Cakalang Pada Mie Kering Yang Bersubtitusi Tepung Ubi Jalar
Authors: Yulianti Yulianti
Published: November 2018

Ubi jalar salah satu jenis umbi-umbian yang mengandung karbohidrat yang tinggi. Pengolahan ubi jalar menjadi mie kering sudah dilakukan namun mie kering yang dihasilkan mengandung protein yang rendah sehingga perlu ditambahkan alternatif sumber protein dari bahan lain seperti tepung ikan cakalang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan (A1: tepung ubi jalar 20%, tepung ikan cakalang 50%, tepung terigu 30%, A2 : tepung ubi jalar 50%, tepung ikan cakalang 30%, tepung terigu 20%, dan A3: tepung ubi jalar 70%, tepung ikan cakalang 20%, tepung terigu 10%,) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar protein mie kering yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 10-11,93% dan kadar karbohidrat 31-35%. Sedangkan uji organoleptik menunjukkan panelis agak suka pada perlakuan A1 dan A2 sedangkan perlakuan A3 disukai oleh panelis baik dari segi warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur.
Hubungan Input Dengan Hasil Produksi Gula Merah Pada Pengrajin Di Desa Cammilo Kecamatan Kahu Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Sardianti Andi Lelanovita
Published: November 2018

Pengolahan gula aren merupakan bentuk usaha kecil yang dapat meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat di pedesaan. Gula aren diolah dari nira, nira terkandung dalam beberapa tumbuhan dari suku Arecaceae, salah satunya adalah terdapat pada pohon aren (Arenga pinnata). Gula aren merupakan produk yang berpotensi menghasilkan pendapatan yang cukup besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan input dengan hasil produksi gula merah pada pengrajin di Desa Cammilo Kecamatan Kahu Kabupaten Bone. Metode pengolahan data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode sensus dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 30 produsen gula merah yang dijadikan sebagai responden penelitian di Desa Cammilo Kecamatan Kahu Kabupaten Bone.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa input produksi seperti nira aren, modal, tenaga kerja, bahan tambahan, dan jumlah pohon yang dimiliki ternyata memiliki hubungan input produksi yang sangat kuat pada pengrajin, sedangkan input alat-alat yang dimiliki, pengalaman dan umur pengrajin memiliki hubungan input dengan produksi pengrajin yang cukup rendah. Lain dari pada itu input lama pendidikan tidak memiliki hubungan dengan hasil produksi pengrajin.
Pengaruh Kemasan Dan Pelilinan Terhadap Mutu Jeruk Pamelo Pangkep Merah Setelah Pengangkutan
Authors: Dewayani Wanti , Syamsuri Riswita , Nurjanani Nurjanani , Halil Warda
Published: November 2018

Pengkajian ini dilaksanakan di lahan petani, Kabupaten Pangkajene Kepulauan (Pangkep), Sulawesi Selatan. Kemudian buah diangkut ke laboratorium BPTP untuk perlakuan dan pengamatan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Petak Terpisah dengan 3 ulangan. Induk petak adalah perlakuan kemasan  terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu a) dos karton dan b) karung plastik (cara petani). Anak petak terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu disekat dan tidak disekat dan anak-anak petak adalah pelilinan terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu dililin dan tidak dililin. Pengamatan dilakukan pada saat sebelum dikirim di makassar dan setelah diangkut di Bogor. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap berat buah, lingkar buah, kadar gula, kadar asam dan vitamin C. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan yang terbaik pada buah jeruk Pamelo setelah pengangkutan dari Makassar ke Bogor adalah kemasan dos karton yang disekat dan  dililin dengan susut bobot terkecil (1,76 – 1,95%), lebar buah normal (14,5 – 19,3 cm), kandungan vitamin C  paling tinggi (24,02 – 34,36%), kadar asam (65,00  – 68,74%)  dan kadar gula tinggi  (8,85 – 11,79 Brixo). Perlakuan yang masih disukai rasanya oleh panelis setelah pengangkutan adalah jeruk pamelo yang dikemas dalam dos, disekat tanpa pelilinan, karung disekat baik dililin maupun tanpa dililin dengan tingkat kesukaan 55%. Sedangkan aroma jeruk masih tetap baik setelah pengangkutan dan tidak berbeda nyata untuk semua perlakuan dengan tingkat kesukaan 67,5 % - 85,00 %. Penampilan yang paling disukai panelis setelah pengangkutan adalah perlakuan pelilinan yang dikemas dalam dos baik disekat maupun tidak disekat
Pengaruh Beban Terhadap Stres yang Dialami Keluarga Dalam Merawat Pasien Gangguan Jiwa
Authors: Rinawati Fajar , Sucipto Sucipto
Published: November 2018

Patients with mental disorders in community (a family) will have impact on the family, the environment, and the other, such as Puskesmas, Dinkes, and Goverment. The graetest impact is on the family, because they live together with the patient everyday. the main problem that arises in the family is the burden and stress in caring the patient. The purpose of this research is to see whether there is an influence of the burden on the stress of the family who caring the patient with mental disorder at home. The research design used is a quantitative design with cross sectional approach. The sample of this research is a family that caring the patient with mental disorder, with a sample zise of 30 respondens. The results showed that the burden significantly affects to the stress, with p-value 0.008. every family who caring the patients with mental disorder must have felt the burden, both the visible and the invisible. This burden will cause stress to the family, so need cooperation to the others, such as all family members, the environment, Puskesmas, Dinkes, and Goverment.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kejadia Abortus Inkomplit Di Rsud Gambiran Kota Kediri Tahun 2016
Authors: Luthfiana Mooren Lia , Yanuarini Triatmi Andri , Mediawati Mika
Published: November 2018

Risk factors originating from the mother are maternal genetic abnormalities, age, parity, history of abortion, pregnancy interval, hormonal, maternal illness (anemia, infection, hypertension, kidney disease, liver disease, diabetes mellitus disease) and external influences such as medicine treatment, cigarettes, and others. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that have an impact on the incidence of miscarriage in Gambiran Regional Public Hospital Kediri. This research used case control design. The population in this study were 198 maternal record data of women who had miscarriage and pregnant mothers until they gave birth. Sampling was done through simple random sampling and data collection using recapitulation of research data sheet instrument that was analyzed with Chi Square. The statistics test using Chi Square obtained χ value2 of 22.673 so that H0 was rejected which means there is age effect on the incidence of miscarriage. On the parity variable the value was 21.134 so that H0 was rejected which means there is parity influence on miscarriage. At the pregnancy interval variable the value was 21.569 so that H0 was rejected which means there is influence of pregnancy interval to miscarriage. In the abortion history variable the value was 1.992 so that H0 was accepted which means there is no effect of abortion history on miscarriage. Health workers are expected to share knowledge of the causes, prevention efforts and improve the quality of services in reducing miscarriage incidence.
Hubungan Status Gizidanperkembangan Anak Usia 1-3 Tahun Di Kelurahan Campurejo, Kecamatan Mojoroto, Kota Kediri
Authors: Endarwati Susiani , Komariyah Siti
Published: November 2018

Optimal development requires a balanced nutritional intake, especially in children aged 1-3 years (toddler). The role of parents is very important, ranging from providing nutrition, to help toddler achieve mental development and optimal cognition. Less nutrient intake, can result in abnormal toddler nutritional status (less nutrition). As a result, toddler will have problems on the development of toddler. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship of nutritional status and the development of children aged 1-3 years in the village Campurejo, district Mojoroto Kediri. The design of this research is analytical corellation with Cross Sectional research approach. The population of this research is children aged 1-3 years in Campurejo Village Kecamatan Mojoroto Kediri with Simple Random Sampling technique in get sample 52 respondents. The research variables consist of independent variable is Nutritional status of children aged 1 - 3 years and dependent variable is the development of children aged 1-3 years. The research instrument is in the form of Health Toward Card (KMS) and Denver Development Screening Test (DDST). Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation test, data analysis using SPSS v.20 program. Based on the result of research, nutritional status of 52 respondents studied got 23 respondents (44.23%) good nutrition status and 2 respondents (3.85%) malnutrition status. The result of the research is 52 respondents (73.07%) normal development and 2 respondents (3.84%) development of delay, the result of statistical test with Spermean Test obtained the result of Z value 0,590 , H1 accepted means there is a relationship of nutritional status with the development of children aged 1-3 years.
Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Kusta Dengan Menggunakan Metode Self Help Group (SHG)
Authors: Roifah Ifa
Published: November 2018

Leprosy is one of the infectious diseases that cause a very complex problem, not only from a medical point of view. In addition there is a negative stigma from the community tends to cause the quality of life of people with leprosy decline. Quality of life is the concept of individual ability analysis to get a normal life associated with individual perceptions of goals and expectations, one of the measures to improve the quality of life of leprosy is by doing Self Help Group (SHG) therapy. This study aims to determine the quality of life in people with leprosy. The design of this research using pra experiment with pretest-posttest design approach. The samples were taken with the techniques of cluster random sampling as much as 15 respondents. Tool used WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire containing 26 questions. Patients with leprosy prior to being given Self Help Group (SHG) from 15 respondents mostly experience poor quality of life 7 people (46,7%), leprosy patient after given Self Help Group (SHG) that from 15 respondents mostly experience quality of life is 5 people (33.3%). The test used is using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. p value = 0,007 and α = 0,05 so Ha is accepted, it  means there is influence Self Help Group therapy (SHG) to quality of life in leprosy patients in tanjungkenongo village sumberglagah kec. Pacet kab. Mojokerto. Self Help Group (SHG) is a group or peer where each member share the same physical or emotional issues or specific issues where they work together to share problems and choose what will be the focus of solving group members, helping each other in motivating to create a sense of prosperity.
Perbedaan Intensitas Nyeri Tehnik Pemberian Kompres Air Hangat Dan Aroma Terapi Mawar Pada Ibu Bersalin Kala I Fase Aktif
Authors: Pramita Dinda Regina Pratjna , Rahmawati Rahajeng Siti Nur , Antono Sumy Dwi
Published: November 2018

Childbirth pain is common.  The onset of pain is due to uterine contractions, the pain felt stronger in the active phase. Management of Childbirth pain with non-pharmacological methods is very helpful for maternal mothers to reduce pain, one of them with the provision of warm water compresses and rose aromatherapy. This study aims to analyze the differences in pain intensity by giving warm water compresses on the lower back and aroma therapy of roses in the maternal mothers when I active phase in BPM Patmi Hartati Kediri Regency. The research design used was Comparative Study 2 paired samples with Pre-test and Post-test. Sampling was conducted from July 28 to August 18, 2017 with a population 27 mothers and simple random sampling technique with a sample of 26 mothers in BPM Patmi Hartatati. There are two groups that will be compared using with pre-test before treatment is given, after that post-test after treatment is given. This research using  data  analysis  Wilcoxon  Matched  Pairs  Test  and  Mann  Whitney  U-Test.  The  Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test statistic shows that the compresses warm water group with value Tcount  (13) and aromatherapy groups rose in value Tcount  (9) Which means there is a difference  in  pain  intensity before  and  after  treatment.  Based  on  statistical  test  results  Mann Whitney U-Test values obtained Ucount  (77) then it can be said H0  accepted and H1 rejected which is mean there is no difference in the intensity of pain with the provision of warm water compresses on the lower back and aroma therapy rose in maternal mothers when I Active Phase at BPM Patmi Hartati Kediri Regency. Keywords: childbirth pain, warm water compress, rose aromatherapy.
Hubungan Usia Kehamilan Dengan Komplikasi Pada Bayi Baru Lahir Di Rs Aura Syifa Kabupaten Kediri Tahun 2017
Authors: Putri Maharani Sulistiyo , Titisari Ira , Setyarini Arika Indah
Published: November 2018

The age of mother pregnancy is a time limit of mothers pregnant, which is calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period. Normal gestational age is 40 weeks or 280 days as is the custom of 9 months 10 days as in postterm pregnancy. Postterm pregnancy is a pregnancy lasting > 42 weeks. Postterm gestational age tends to have a greater risk of giving birth to infants with complications such as asphyxia, macrosomia and perinatal mortality. This may be because placental function achieves peak at 38 weeks' gestation and then decreases after 42 weeks of gestation. As a result of aging placenta, the supply of food and oxygen to the fetus decreases and the uteroplacental circulation is only about 50%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between gestational age with complications in newborns. The research design use analytic survey with cross sectional approach, population is taken as many as 210 respondents with sampling technique that is using purposive sampling then the big sample taken using finite formula and found the sample of 137 respondents who meet inclusion criteria. The instrument used is the medical record of patients in January - Juni 2016, measuring instrument used is documentation sheet, then data analysis in this study using crosstab conclusion from result no relation between gestational age with complication in newborn. Keywords: Pregnancy Age, Postterm Pregnancy, Asphyxia, Macrosomia, Perinatal Death.
Analysis of SQL Injection Attacks on Website Service
Authors: Kusuma Gregorius Hendy
Published: November 2018

Among the various types of software vulnerabilities, command injection is the most common type of threat in web applications. In command injection, SQL injection type of attacks areextremely prevalent, and ranked as the second most common form of attack on web. SQL injection attacks involve the construction of application’s input data that will result in the execution of malicious SQL statements. Most of the SQL injection detection techniques involve the code to be written along with the actual scripting code. These techniques do not detect errors in SQL statements. Hence, this paper proposes a mechanism to identify invalid SQL statements, to analyze the query for invalid non SQL key words, and to customize the captured errors. This mechanism is different from others by means of separation of the main scripting code and SQL injection code.
Pemeringkatan Faktor-Faktor Keberhasilan Penerapan Teknologi Informasi Pada Tahap Operasional Dengan Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Djohan Widjaya , Winata Suryadi , Kusnawan Agus
Published: November 2018

Faktor keberhailan dalam penerapan teknologi informasi dari perspektif praktis terdiri atas penerapan tahap implementasi dan tahap operasional. Pada tahap operasional terdapat faktor-faktor antara lain; prosedur pelaksanaan dan dokumentasi system, pelatihan, pengendalian input, pengamanan data, prosedur pemulihan data dan program serta dukungan manajemen. Riset perlu dilanjutkan lagi dengan pemeringkatan tingkat kepentingan faktor-faktor yang dimaksud dalam rangka mempercepat implementasi dalam suatu perusahaan.

Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan faktor terpenting dari ke enam faktor adalah metode proses analisis peringkat (hierarchy analytical process). Proses analisis peringkat atau AHP merupakan metode penentuan peringkat yang sering digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan manajemen (management decision making).

Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi faktor terpenting dalam rangka mempercepat penerapan teknologi informasi dalam perspektif praktis. Sehingga harus dilakukan studi untuk mendapatkan faktor mana yang terpenting dari ke enam factor penentu keberhasilan tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis peringkat dihasilkan bahwa yang terpenting adalah faktor adanya dukungan manajemen. Artinya adanya dukungan manajemen dari tingkat yang terendah lower level atau middle level sampai dengan top level management adalah syarat mutlak berhasilnya penerapan teknologi informasi.
Opportunities and Barriers for Biomass Gasification for Green Gas in the Dutch Residential Sector
Authors: Miedema Jan H. , Van der Windt Henny J. , Moll Henri C.
Published: November 2018

The Dutch residential sector is locked-in into natural gas for the supply of heat. The expected depletion of national reserves and induced earthquakes in the production area are reasons to aim to escape this lock-in. The Dutch government and key players in the natural gas sector have expressed large green gas ambitions. This paper explores the opportunities and barriers of biomass gasification for green gas production and application in the residential sector. The Technological Innovation Systems and Multi-Level Perspective were applied as sustainability transition frameworks to explore the current technological state of biomass gasification and the developments in the residential sector. Four limitations were observed from a supply perspective; little financial space for demonstration plants, absence of technology specific policy, lagging market developments and insecurities related to biomass availability. On the demand side, clear barriers hampering change are observed, providing large opportunities for green gas. Key players in the natural gas regime take no substantial responsibility, despite their potential ability to contribute to overcoming systemic barriers. Therefore, this research concludes that the current green gas ambitions set by the Dutch government are not feasible and that the government may address this with technology specific policy, substantial research and development subsidies and funding.
Assessment, Mitigation, and Control of Potential Gas Leakage in Existing Buildings Not Designed for Gas Installation in Indonesia
Authors: Hermansyah Heri , Nur Hidayat Mohamad Evi , Kumaraningrum Anggraini Ratih , Yohda Masafumi , Shariff Azmi B. Mohd
Published: November 2018

Operational activities of gas pipelines are associated with potential hazards and risks that can potentially lead to pipeline failure, including failure of the gas distribution pipeline in existing buildings. Unfortunately, few studies on risk analysis of the gas distribution pipeline in existing buildings have been published. Therefore, this study was conducted to provide a reference for analyzing the risk of pipeline leakage caused by small-scale leakage, large-scale gas release, and gas pipeline rupture in existing buildings in Indonesia not designed for gas installation. The study was performed using the event tree analysis method. The methodology of this study was initiated by identifying the scenario of the case of small-scale leakage, large-scale gas release, or gas pipeline rupture. Then, pivotal events were identified, an event tree diagram was constructed, the event failure of each pivotal event was determined, and the probability value of the outcome risk was calculated. The risk was evaluated in terms of fire, casualties, and gas released. The results of this study showed the highest risk in each scenario which can result in fire, severe casualties, and light poisoning. The highest risk in the small-scale leak scenario had a probability value of 1.5 × 10−3. In the large-scale gas release scenario, the highest risk had a probability value to incur a fireball, severe casualties, and light gas poisoning of 6.0 × 10−4. In the gas pipeline rupture scenario, the highest risk had a probability value of fireball, severe casualties, and light poisoning of 7.0 × 10−4. The probability value of each risk was reduced by the installation of a gas detector and water sprinkler as a barrier.
Hardware-in-the-Loop Validation of Energy Management Systems for Microgrids: A Short Overview and a Case Study
Authors: Casolino Giovanni Mercurio , Russo Mario , Varilone Pietro , Pescosolido Daniele
Published: November 2018

The energy management system (EMS) of a microgrid often presents a complex structure and a large number of control functions, which must be validated to ensure a reliable and optimal operation of the microgrid. Control system validation is typically performed by using hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) architectures in which the microgrid is simulated in real time and interfaced with the actual system under test. The simulation must ensure both an accurate representation of the microgrid and a reliable replica of the field communication of the EMS with all the control devices. In this paper, an overview of the various HIL architectures proposed in the literature is firstly outlined. Then, an HIL validation facility is presented and used to validate the EMS of an industrial microgrid. Finally, some results of the validation tests are reported to give evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed facility. In the proposed architecture, the soft real-time digital simulator of the microgrid is interfaced with the actual EMS using the same communication system and protocol as on the field. The main advantages of the proposed testing facility are: (i) the use of commercial PCs and the absence of dedicated interface modules, resulting in inexpensive hardware components; (ii) the capability to validate both control and communication functions of the EMS; (iii) the applicability to microgrids of different types (industrial, commercial, residential), as well as of various dimensions, including large microgrids; (iv) the easiness in changing the microgrid and the EMS under validation by only software modifications of the simulator tasks and of the exchange interface. As drawbacks, the proposed testing facility presents the need to adapt the software interface between EMS and the field to the EMS under test and the possibility of testing only the EMS functions and not fast-acting local controllers of the microgrid such as the protection systems.
Distributionally Robust Distributed Generation Hosting Capacity Assessment in Distribution Systems
Authors: Seydali Seyf Abad Mohammad , Ma Jin , Ahmadyar Ahmad , Marzooghi Hesamoddin
Published: November 2018

Uncertainties associated with the loads and the output power of distributed generations create challenges in quantifying the integration limits of distributed generations in distribution networks, i.e., hosting capacity. To address this, we propose a distributionally robust optimization-based method to determine the hosting capacity considering the voltage rise, thermal capacity of the feeders and short circuit level constraints. In the proposed method, the uncertain variables are modeled as stochastic variables following ambiguous distributions defined based on the historical data. The distributionally robust optimization model guarantees that the probability of the constraint violation does not exceed a given risk level, which can control robustness of the solution. To solve the distributionally robust optimization model of the hosting capacity, we reformulated it as a joint chance constrained problem, which is solved using the sample average approximation technique. To demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method, a modified IEEE 33-bus distribution system is used as the test-bed. Simulation results demonstrate how the sample size of historical data affects the hosting capacity. Furthermore, using the proposed method, the impact of electric vehicles aggregated demand and charging stations are investigated on the hosting capacity of different distributed generation technologies.
Thermal Transmittance Measurements of the Historical Masonries: Some Case Studies
Authors: Rotilio Marianna , Cucchiella Federica , De Berardinis Pierluigi , Stornelli Vincenzo
Published: November 2018

The background shows that intervention on historical walls highlights the difficulty of identifying design solutions that are effective and compatible due to the lack of specific data on the thermal characteristics of the specific contexts investigated. This determines the choice of design solutions that are frequently inadequate and unsustainable from an environmental and economic point of view. Starting from acquired data a methodology has been developed that is based on in situ experimental investigations able to return the most probable value of transmittance of the historical walls. The values measured on the samples analysed do not reflect the literature data. For some of the samples analysed, the measured transmittance is lower than the one recorded in literature of about 10–15%. For the remaining ones, there are no reference values. The importance of an in-depth knowledge of the real behaviour of an existing historical envelope of a building is therefore fundamental, given that any evaluation mistake can have serious consequences from both an economic and environmental point of view. Underestimating the transmittance of a wall implies a waste in the use of available resources but also the disposal of greater quantities of building materials in relation to the end of life. The developed methodology can be easily replicated in other contexts and extended to all building elements that make up the historical envelope. The study will be continued by analysing further samples in order to create a reference knowledge database accessible to researchers, professionals and organizations.
Reservoir Permeability Evolution during the Process of CO2-Enhanced Coalbed Methane Recovery
Authors: Wang Gang , Wang Ke , Jiang Yujing , Wang Shugang
Published: November 2018

In this study, we have built a dual porosity/permeability model through accurately expressing the volumetric strain of matrix and fracture from a three-dimensional method which aims to reveal the reservoir permeability evolution during the process of CO2-enhanced coalbed methane (CO2-ECBM) recovery. This model has accommodated the key competing processes of mechanical deformation and adsorption/desorption induced swelling/shrinkage, and it also considered the effect of fracture aperture and effective stress difference between each medium (fracture and matrix). We then numerically solve the permeability model using a group of multi-field coupling equations with the finite element method (FEM) to understand how permeability evolves temporally and spatially. We further conduct multifaceted analyses to reveal that permeability evolution near the wells is the most dramatic. This study shows that the farther away from the well, the gentler the evolution of permeability. The evolution of reservoir permeability near the injection well (IW) and the production well (PW) are very different, due to the combined effects of effective stress changes and gas adsorption and desorption. Furthermore, adsorption is the main controlling factor for the change of permeability for regions near the IW, while the change in effective stress is the main cause for the change in permeability near the PW. Increasing the injection pressure of CO2 will cause the reservoir permeability to evolve more quickly and dynamically.
Slope Compensation Design for a Peak Current-Mode Controlled Boost-Flyback Converter
Authors: Muñoz Juan-Guillermo , Gallo Guillermo , Angulo Fabiola , Osorio Gustavo
Published: November 2018

Peak current-mode control is widely used in power converters and involves the use of an external compensation ramp to suppress undesired behaviors and to enhance the stability range of the Period-1 orbit. A boost converter uses an analytical expression to find a compensation ramp; however, other more complex converters do not use such an expression, and the corresponding compensation ramp must be computed using complex mechanisms. A boost-flyback converter is a power converter with coupled inductors. In addition to its high efficiency and high voltage gains, this converter reduces voltage stress acting on semiconductor devices and thus offers many benefits as a converter. This paper presents an analytical expression for computing the value of a compensation ramp for a peak current-mode controlled boost-flyback converter using its simplified model. Formula results are compared to analytical results based on a monodromy matrix with numerical results using bifurcations diagrams and with experimental results using a lab prototype of 100 W.
Exploring Energy Pathways for the Low-Carbon Transformation in India—A Model-Based Analysis
Authors: Lawrenz Linus , Xiong Bobby , Lorenz Luise , Krumm Alexandra , Hosenfeld Hans , Burandt Thorsten , Löffler Konstantin , Oei Pao-Yu , Von Hirschhausen Christian
Published: November 2018

With an increasing expected energy demand and current dominance of coal electrification, India plays a major role in global carbon policies and the future low-carbon transformation. This paper explores three energy pathways for India until 2050 by applying the linear, cost-minimizing, global energy system model (GENeSYS-MOD). The benchmark scenario “limited emissions only” (LEO) is based on ambitious targets set out by the Paris Agreement. A more conservative “business as usual” (BAU) scenario is sketched out along the lines of the New Policies scenario from the International Energy Agency (IEA). On the more ambitious side, we explore the potential implications of supplying the Indian economy entirely with renewable energies with the “100% renewable energy sources” (100% RES) scenario. Overall, our results suggest that a transformation process towards a low-carbon energy system in the power, heat, and transportation sectors until 2050 is technically feasible. Solar power is likely to establish itself as the key energy source by 2050 in all scenarios, given the model’s underlying emission limits and technical parameters. The paper concludes with an analysis of potential social, economic and political barriers to be overcome for the needed Indian low-carbon transformation.
Energy-Efficient Path Selection Using SNR Correlation for Wireless Multi-Hop Cooperative Communications
Authors: Lee In-Ho , Jung Haejoon
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we consider partial path selection (PPS) for a multi-hop decode-and-forward cooperative system with limited channel state information (CSI) feedback, where the PPS utilizes local CSI only for a subset of hops on each of all independent paths between a source and a destination to reduce the energy consumption for CSI feedback. To enhance the end-to-end performance of the PPS, we propose a novel PPS method with local CSI chosen by the correlation between the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) based on global and local CSI under Nakagami-m fading channels. For each path, we pick a subset of hops to report CSI with the highest correlation for a given CSI feedback overhead requirement, which can achieve the similar end-to-end outage probability to the best path selection with global CSI. We provide an exact and closed-form expression for the SNR correlation coefficient and present an impact of the SNR correlation on the end-to-end outage probability.
DC-link Ripple Reduction in a DPWM-Based Two-Level VSI
Authors: Tcai Anatolii , Alsofyani Ibrahim , Seo In-Yong , Lee Kyo-Beum
Published: November 2018

This paper proposes a new method to reduce the ripple current of the DC-link capacitor in a two-level voltage source inverter (VSI), with a discontinuous pulse-width modulation (DPWM). In real applications, a capacitor block is very bulky, due to the parallel connection of several capacitors that share the value of the ripple current. Hence, it contributes significantly to the volume and weight of the whole system. Conventional DPWM is used to minimize the amount of switching for the power transistors, therefore, reducing stress and power loss. This leads to increased efficiency and reliability of the system. Nevertheless, the reduction of the DC link ripple current is still not optimal. Therefore, the proposed method introduces a PWM phase-shift technique to provide further reduction of the DC-link ripple current in a DPWM-based VSI. The efficacy of the proposed method is confirmed by simulation and experimental results.
Digitisation and the Circular Economy: A Review of Current Research and Future Trends
Authors: Okorie Okechukwu , Salonitis Konstantinos , Charnley Fiona , Moreno Mariale , Turner Christopher , Tiwari Ashutosh
Published: November 2018

Since it first appeared in literature in the early nineties, the Circular Economy (CE) has grown in significance amongst academic, policymaking, and industry groups. The latest developments in the CE field have included the interrogation of CE as a paradigm, and its relationship with sustainability and other concepts, including iterative definitions. Research has also identified a significant opportunity to apply circular approaches to our rapidly changing industrial system, including manufacturing processes and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) which, with data, is enabling the latest advances in digital technologies (DT). Research which fuses these two areas has not been extensively explored. This is the first paper to provide a synergistic and integrative CE-DT framework which offers directions for policymakers and guidance for future research through a review of the integrated fields of CE and I4.0. To achieve this, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR; n = 174) of the empirical literature related to digital technologies, I4.0, and circular approaches is conducted. The SLR is based on peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and early 2018. This paper also summarizes the current trends in CE research related to manufacturing. The findings confirm that while CE research has been on the increase, research on digital technologies to enable a CE is still relatively untouched. While the “interdisciplinarity” of CE research is well-known, the findings reveal that a substantial percentage is engineering-focused. The paper concludes by proposing a synergistic and integrative CE-DT framework for future research developed from the gaps in the current research landscape.
Synthesis of Polysubstituted Tetrahydropyrans by Stereoselective Hydroalkoxylation of Silyl Alkenols: En Route to Tetrahydropyranyl Marine Analogues
Authors: Díez-Poza Carlos , Val Patricia , Pulido Francisco J. , Barbero Asunción
Published: November 2018

Tetrahydropyrans are abundantly found in marine natural products. The interesting biological properties of these compounds and their analogues make necessary the development of convenient procedures for their synthesis. In this paper, an atom economy access to tetrahydropyrans by intramolecular acid-mediated cyclization of silylated alkenols is described. p-TsOH has shown to be an efficient reagent to yield highly substituted tetrahydropyrans. Moreover, excellent diastereoselectivities are obtained both for unsubstituted and alkylsubstituted vinylsilyl alcohols. The methodology herein developed may potentially be applied to the synthesis of marine drugs derivatives.
Distribution of Saponins in the Sea Cucumber Holothuria lessoni; the Body Wall Versus the Viscera, and Their Biological Activities
Authors: Bahrami Yadollah , Zhang Wei , M. M. Franco Christopher
Published: November 2018

Sea cucumbers are an important ingredient of traditional folk medicine in many Asian countries, which are well-known for their medicinal, nutraceutical, and food values due to producing an impressive range of distinctive natural bioactive compounds. Triterpene glycosides are the most abundant and prime secondary metabolites reported in this species. They possess numerous biological activities ranging from anti-tumour, wound healing, hypolipidemia, pain relieving, the improvement of nonalcoholic fatty livers, anti-hyperuricemia, the induction of bone marrow hematopoiesis, anti-hypertension, and cosmetics and anti-ageing properties. This study was designed to purify and elucidate the structure of saponin contents of the body wall of sea cucumber Holothuria lessoni and to compare the distribution of saponins of the body wall with that of the viscera. The body wall was extracted with 70% ethanol, and purified by a liquid-liquid partition chromatography, followed by isobutanol extraction. A high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography (HPCPC) was conducted on the saponin-enriched mixture to obtain saponins with a high purity. The resultant purified saponins were analyzed using MALDI-MS/MS and ESI-MS/MS. The integrated and hyphenated MS and HPCPC analyses revealed the presence of 89 saponin congeners, including 35 new and 54 known saponins, in the body wall in which the majority of glycosides are of the holostane type. As a result, and in conjunction with existing literature, the structure of four novel acetylated saponins, namely lessoniosides H, I, J, and K were characterized. The identified triterpene glycosides showed potent antifungal activities against tested fungi, but had no antibacterial effects on the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The presence of a wide range of saponins with potential applications is promising for cosmeceutical, medicinal, and pharmaceutical products to improve human health.
Urban Land Use and Land Cover Classification Using Novel Deep Learning Models Based on High Spatial Resolution Satellite Imagery
Authors: Zhang Pengbin , Ke Yinghai , Zhang Zhenxin , Wang Mingli , Li Peng , Zhang Shuangyue
Published: November 2018

Urban land cover and land use mapping plays an important role in urban planning and management. In this paper, novel multi-scale deep learning models, namely ASPP-Unet and ResASPP-Unet are proposed for urban land cover classification based on very high resolution (VHR) satellite imagery. The proposed ASPP-Unet model consists of a contracting path which extracts the high-level features, and an expansive path, which up-samples the features to create a high-resolution output. The atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) technique is utilized in the bottom layer in order to incorporate multi-scale deep features into a discriminative feature. The ResASPP-Unet model further improves the architecture by replacing each layer with residual unit. The models were trained and tested based on WorldView-2 (WV2) and WorldView-3 (WV3) imageries over the city of Beijing. Model parameters including layer depth and the number of initial feature maps (IFMs) as well as the input image bands were evaluated in terms of their impact on the model performances. It is shown that the ResASPP-Unet model with 11 layers and 64 IFMs based on 8-band WV2 imagery produced the highest classification accuracy (87.1% for WV2 imagery and 84.0% for WV3 imagery). The ASPP-Unet model with the same parameter setting produced slightly lower accuracy, with overall accuracy of 85.2% for WV2 imagery and 83.2% for WV3 imagery. Overall, the proposed models outperformed the state-of-the-art models, e.g., U-Net, convolutional neural network (CNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) model over both WV2 and WV3 images, and yielded robust and efficient urban land cover classification results.
The YARK Theory of Gravity Can Reproduce Neither the LIGO “GW150914 Signal”, nor the Other LIGO Detections of Gravitational Waves
Authors: Corda Christian
Published: November 2018

We show that, based on important reasons, differently from some recent claim in the literature, the YARK theory of gravity can reproduce neither the LIGO “GW150914 signal”, nor the other LIGO detections of gravitational waves (GWs).
A Computational Study of a Spatiotemporal Mean Field Model Capturing the Emergence of Alpha and Gamma Rhythmic Activity in the Neocortex
Authors: Haddad Wassim M.
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we analyze the spatiotemporal mean field model developed by Liley et al. in order to advance our understanding of the wide effects of pharmacological agents and anesthetics. Specifically, we use the spatiotemporal mean field model for capturing the electrical activity in the neocortex to computationally study the emergence of α - and γ -band rhythmic activity in the brain. We show that α oscillations in the solutions of the model appear globally across the neocortex, whereas γ oscillations can emerge locally as a result of a bifurcation in the dynamics of the model. We solve the dynamic equations of the model using a finite element solver package and show that our results verify the predictions made by bifurcation analysis.
Prospects and Challenges of Applied Genomic Selection—A New Paradigm in Breeding for Grain Yield in Bread Wheat
Authors: Juliana Philomin , Singh Ravi P. , Poland Jesse , Mondal Suchismita , Crossa José , Montesinos‐López Osval A. , Dreisigacker Susanne , Pérez‐Rodríguez Paulino , Huerta‐Espino Julio , Crespo‐Herrera Leonardo , Govindan Velu
Published: November 2018

Genomic selection (GS) has been promising for increasing genetic gains in several species. Therefore, we evaluated the potential integration of GS for grain yield (GY) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in CIMMYT's elite yield trial nurseries. We observed that the genomic prediction accuracies within nurseries (0.44 and 0.35) were substantially higher than across‐nursery accuracies (0.15 and 0.05) for GY evaluated in the bed and flat planting systems, respectively. The accuracies from using only a subset of 251 genotyping‐by‐sequencing markers were comparable to the accuracies using all 2038 markers. We also used the item‐based collaborative filtering approach for incorporating other related traits in predicting GY and observed that it outperformed genomic predictions across nurseries, but was less predictive when trait correlations with GY were low. Furthermore, we compared GS and phenotypic selections (PS) and observed that at a selection intensity of 0.5, GS could select a maximum of 70.9 and 61.5% of the top lines and discard 71.5 and 60.5% of the poor lines selected or discarded by PS within and across nurseries, respectively. Comparisons of GS and pedigree‐based predictions revealed that the advantage of GS over the pedigree was moderate in populations without full‐sibs. However, GS was less advantageous for within‐family selections in elite families with few full‐sibs and minimal Mendelian sampling variance. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of applying GS for GY at the appropriate stage of the breeding cycle, and we speculate that gains can be maximized if it is implemented in early‐generation within‐family selections.
Phylogeny, infrageneric classification and species delimitation in the Malagasy Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)
Authors: Rahelivololona Elisette M. , Fischer Eberhard , Janssens Steven B. , Razafimandimbison Sylvain G.
Published: November 2018

The species-rich genus Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) is represented in Madagascar by no less than 260 species. We conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses of the Malagasy Impatiens based on nuclear and plastid data and 52 accessions (representing 33 species) to: 1) reassess the monophyly of the Malagasy Impatiens; 2) assess the monophyly of the sections Preimpatiens (Humblotianae and Vulgare groups) with spurs and Trimorphopetalum without spurs as delimited by Perrier de la Bâthie, as well as that of the subgenera Impatiens and Trimorphopetalum as defined by Fischer and Rahelivololona; 3) infer the current status of some morphologically variable species; and 4) test whether the species of Impatiens from the Marojejy National Park form a monophyletic group. The Malagasy Impatiens are further confirmed to be paraphyletic with respect of the Comorian I.auricoma. The present sectional and subgeneric classifications of the Malagasy Impatiens are partly supported, with strong support for the monophyly of the sect. or subgen. Trimorphopetalum. Section Preimpatiens was not supported as monophyletic and neither the Humblotianae group nor the Vulgare group is monophyletic. Impatienselatostemmoides, I. “hammarbyoides”, I.inaperta, I.lyallii and I.manaharensis are either para- or polyphyletic and may represent morpho-species. The Impatiens species from the Marojejy National Park do not form a monophyletic group and therefore are suggested to be derived from numerous independent colonisation events from all over Madagascar followed by subsequent diversifications.
Taxonomy of Baetis Leach in Israel (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)
Authors: Yanai Zohar , Gattolliat Jean-Luc , Dorchin Netta
Published: November 2018

The taxonomy and systematics of the genusBaetisLeach (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in Israel is clarified for the first time as part of an ongoing comprehensive survey of the Israeli mayfly fauna. Six clearly defined species are currently recognized in Israel, four of which are described here as new to science. The validity of all species is supported by a molecular analysis of the mitochondrial COI gene. A key for the identification of the Israeli species based on the nymphal stage is provided, as well as data on their distribution patterns and ecology. The local fauna represents four Palearctic species groups, three of which reach their limit of distribution range in Israel.Baetisspecies typically inhabit lotic, pristine habitats in northern Israel, with few exceptions for some species that can be found in the Dead Sea area or in ephemeral ponds.