bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adenoidectomy Before Or After Myringotomy In A Single Stage Procedure: Does The Sequence Matter?
Authors: Hydri Amer Sabih , Udaipurwala Iqbal Hussain , Aslam Iftikhar
Published: December 2021

Objective: To evaluate the sequence of performing adenoidectomy or myringotomy first in a single stage procedure has any bearing on the per- operative outcome on middle ear effusion and subsequent grommet insertion in a patient of otitis media with effusion (OME). The hypothesis was that initially performed adenoidectomy allowed the middle ear fluid to drain passively and precluded grommet insertion. Study Design and Setting: Comparative study conducted at Department of ENT, Combined Military Hospital Sialkot and PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi, from Jun 2016 to Jun 2017. Methodology: One hundred and twenty patients (218 ears) with OME and adenoid hypertrophy, meeting the inclusion criteria, were inducted in this study and divided into 2 groups. Group A (60 patients with 110 ears) had adenoidectomy first followed by myringotomy and or grommet insertion, while Group B (60 patients with 108 ears) had myringotomy with or without grommet insertion first and followed by adenoidectomy. Result: There were 76 males and 44 female patients with a ratio of 1.7:1 and the age range was 3 to 14 years with a mean age of 4.81 ± 0.77 years. There was a significant difference between the two groups. Out of a total of 110 ears in group A, 74 ears (67.2%) had no mucoid fluid or dry tap on myringotomy in contrast with group B where out of total 108 ears, only 26 ears (24.1%) had dry tap or no mucoid fluid (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Adenoidectomy performed before myringotomy significantly reduced the need for grommet insertion. Larger studies however are needed to corroborate these findings.
Introducing Evidence Based Orthodontics Journal Club Using A Structured Pre And Post Test
Authors: Azeem Muhammad , Shaheen Asmi , Ilyas Muhammad , ul Haq Arfan , Iqbal Javed , ul Hamid Waheed
Published: December 2021

Objective: To evaluate the impact of introducing evidence based orthodontics journal club on the performance of postgraduate residents using a structured pre-test and post-test. Study Design and Setting: The comparitive cross sectional study was conducted among the orthodontic postgraduate residents (n=30) of third year and final year at the orthodontic department at de’Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore. Methodology: Present study was conducted among the orthodontic postgraduate residents (n=30) of third year and final year at the orthodontic department at de’Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore. Questions were extracted from the journal club articles. These questions were structured and used in journal club as pre-test and post-test during the academic year 2015-16 and comparison of the performance in the pre-test and post-test over the course of the year was done. Results: The results of pre-test showed a statistically significant increase during the academic year (p=0.031). Performance in the post-test also showed a statistically significant increase during the academic year (p=0.001). Conclusion: The redesigning of structured pre and post test in orthodontic journal club resulted in significant improvement in the performance of postgraduate orthodontic residents
Assessment Of Premenstrual Syndrome In Medical Students And Its Association With Progression Of Academic Years
Authors: Suboohi Sadia , Pario Saba , Nasim Ghazala , Abbasi Sughra , Siddiqui Shahanaz Hassan
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The objective was to determine the frequency of Premenstrual Syndrome and its association with progression of academic years among the medical students. Study Design and Setting: A cross sectional study was conducted at United Medical and Dental College Karachi from January to June 2018 among 150 female medical students. Methodology: A structured questionnaire was designed to assess the demographic characteristics and symptoms of PMS if any experienced by the participants included in the study. The severity symptoms of PMS were marked by the participants on the behalf of their impact on their routine activity & performance, ranking from mild, moderate to severe. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The frequency of PMS was reported as 39% in the study participants among them 79.31% showed mild form, 17.24% showed moderate and 3.44% were diagnosed with severe PMS. Increased frequency of PMS in female medical students was observed to be associated with progression of their academic years, with final year students having highest percentage. Academic year of MBBS, type of accommodation, and occupation of mother, menstrual cycle regularity and history of PMS in family were found to be statistically significant risk factors associated with PMS. Conclusion: Premenstrual syndrome is a prevalent health issue in medical students, increasing year to year during their studies, which may unfavorably have affects on their quality of life and overall performance.
Patterns Of Torus Mandibularis And Torus Palatinus Among Dental Patients Of A Public Hospital In Karachi
Authors: Azhar Ramsha , Rasool Salik , Jabeen Bushra , Hasan Umer , Baber Hasan , Hussain Bilal , Akhtar Mansoor
Published: December 2021

Objective: To evaluate the patterns of Torus mandibularis (TM) and Torus palatinus (TP) among the patients attending the dental department of a teaching hospital in Karachi focusing on the age and gender. Study Design and Setting: A cross-sectional study conducted at dental OPD of Dow International Dental College/Hospital DUHS, conducted from November 2017 to October 2018. Methodology: The calculated sample size of the study was 278. Written consent was taken from each participant prior to starting investigation. The questionnaire comprises of 17 variables, evaluating demographics, state of dentition and characteristics of presence of any suspected tori. Participants were examined via sterilized mouth mirror and probe. Impressions were then taken from the participants having positive findings to further evaluate the size and shape to tori. Results: The prevalence of (TM) and (TP) were found to be 3.3% and 0.6% respectively. (TM) was predominantly found in males and (TP) was more frequent in females. Both (TM) and (TP) were most prevalent during fifth decade of life irrespective of gender. Bilateral unilobulated (TM) in the premolar region of the mandible were found to be most recurrent. Lobulated (TP) of large size was found to be prevalent in this study. Conclusion: Study has shown very less prevalence of tori in population of Karachi, Pakistan. The prevalent patterns of tori were found to be bilateral unilobulated in the premolar region of the mandible and large, lobular in the palate. The relationship of tori with age and gender was not significant.
Comparison of Calcium Hydroxide, Chlorhexidine and Triple Antibiotic Paste As Intracanal Medicaments In Patients With Acute Periapical Infections
Authors: Ahmed Syed Adeel , Asghar Shama , Anwar Safia
Published: December 2021

Objective: To compare the effects of calcium hydroxide, triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and chlorhexidine (CHX) as the intra-canal medicaments in post-operative pain reduction. Study Design and Setting: This was a Quasi experimental study conducted in Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Department of Operative Dentistry for the period of six months. Methodology: Patients with acute periapical infections in single rooted teeth were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 received Calcium hydroxide, group 2 received Chlorhexidine and group 3 received Triple antibiotic paste as intracanal medicament. Each group comprised of 30 patients therefore the total participants of the study were 90. Patients were recalled on 2nd, 7th and 15th day postoperatively and the pain was recorded by using Visual Analogue Scale. Results: Among the study participants; two patients receiving calcium hydroxide were pain free after 2 days and this number increased to 11patients after 7 days. From the CHX group; nine patients were pain free after two days and 23 patients reported no pain after 7 days. In TAP paste group 3 patients reported no pain after 2 days and 22 after 7 days. No patient reported pain after 15 days in any group. Data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS version 23 and Chi-square test was used for descriptive analysis. Conclusion: Intra-canal medicaments significantly reduced inter-appointment pain. The chlorhexidine and triple antibiotic paste were more effective as compared to calcium hydroxide
Differences In Learning Preferences Among Medical, Dental And DPT Students
Authors: Anum Amtul , Qadeer Tabassum Ahsan
Published: December 2021

Objective: To analyze the learning styles of undergraduate medical, dental and DPT (Department of physical therapy) students using the VARK questionnaire. Study Design and Setting: This cross sectional questionnaire based clinical study was conducted on 278 undergraduate students at Bahria University of Medical and Dental College in Karachi. Methodology: 150 medical, 100 dental and 28 DPT students were asked to complete VARK (Visual, Auditory, Read-write and Kinesthetic) questionnaire and their learning preferences were studied. Percentages were formulated and outcomes of each group were paralleled to conclude the result. The data was assessed using SPSS software, version 23. Statistical associations among MBBS, BDS and DPT students and gender preferences were made using chi square analysis and comparison between academic years was made with Fisher’s exact test. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Our result showed that 76.3% preferred unimodal style followed by bimodal (18.3%) and trimodal (5.4%). Kinesthetic (40%) was the most preferred method followed by aural (36%). There was no preferential shift with gender or academic year variation. Conclusion: According to our study, most of the undergraduate medical, dental and DPT students prefer unimodal method of learning despite of educational, gender and academic variation in the sample. None of the students preferred the quadmodal learning style. Kinesthetic was the most preferred unimodal preference.
Nocturnal Enuresis In Children
Authors: Kazi Asiya , Zaidi Syed Ijaz Hussain , Mehboob Khemchand , Faheem Faisal Faheem
Published: December 2021

Nocturnal enuresis is one of the commonest developmental problem specially in our country. It can cause emotional family stress and social isolation of child. According to WHO if condition persist after six years of age, it should be consider as pathological. Exact cause of this condition is not known but is common in lower socio economic people due to lack of awareness about the impact of this disease on the psychology of the children. Different modalities of treatment comprising of non-Pharmacotherapy as well as pharmacotherapy are being tried but relapse rate still persist. In non-pharmacotherapy: Psychotherapy, toilet training and alarm therapy has been tried but in pharmacotherapy, monotherapy that is desmopressin and imipramine and combination of therapy that is desmopressin + oxybutynin and desmopressin + imipramine has been tried. Multiple studies are available but relapse rate till exist. Combination therapy (desmopressin + oxybutynin) is being tried in various Tertiary care Hospital of Pakistan and results are encouraging.
Education Of Females And Impact On Fertility
Authors: Ali Rabiya , Rehman Rehana
Published: December 2021

Infertility; an inability to conceive after unprotected intercourse for a period of at least one year, is associated with several medical conditions in both men and women which may end up in depression and a number of medical, psycho- social disorders1. It has been observed that female partners are usually blamed for this condition, especially when they are living in joint families
Synthesis of Cellulose Stearate Ester as Wet Strength Agent for Synthesis of Bio-polybag from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch
Authors: Kurniawan Eddy , Mulyawan Rizka , Tri Agusna PA Angga , Armadani Wika , Ginting Zainuddin
Published: December 2021

Biodegradable polybags are an alternative to overcome the weakness of synthetic polybags because of their degradation properties. Oil palm empty fruit bunches contain a lot of cellulose so that they can be used as a biodegradable polybag. Wet Strength serves to increase the physical strength of bio-polybags when exposed to water (in wet conditions) so that water content stability is required. In this study, Cellulose Stearate Esters were synthesized in an effort to increase the stability of the water content in bio-polybags. Cellulose Stearate Esters are synthesized through a transesterification reaction between -Cellulose isolated from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) with methyl stearate. The synthesis of cellulose stearate esters was carried out by refluxing for 2 hours using methanol solvent with various catalysts Na2CO3 5, 10, 15, 20 mg and with volume variations of methyl stearate 5, 10, 15. And the best variation was determined based on the degree of substitution test, namely with variations Na2CO3 catalyst 20 mg and volume of methyl Stearate 15 ml, amounting to 1.95. The result of the synthesis, namely cellulose stearate, was tested for functional groups by FT-IR spectroscopy and surface morphology using SEM. The formation of cellulose stearate is supported by the FT-IR spectrum in the wavenumber region of 3468.01 cm-1 indicating an OH group, 3062.96 cm-1 indicating a CH stretching group, 1695.43 cm-1 indicating a C=O group, cm-1 indicating a CH bending group, 1095.57cm-1 indicates a COC group, 609.51cm-1 indicates a (CH2)n>4 group. The results of surface morphology analysis using SEM showed that the surface of cellulose stearate looked homogeneous, more regular and had denser cavities than -Cellulose
Effect of the dewatering on the surrounding terrains during the construction of Metrostation 9-III of the Sofia Metropoliten
Authors: Bojinova-Popova Ina
Published: December 2021

The international practice often faces significant settlements of terrains and structures due to dewatering. This study presents of the dewatering impact during the construction of Metrostation 9-III from the Sofia Metropoliten on the surrounding terrains and buildings. The subsidences are quantified for specific values of the soil deformation modulus and varying values of the soil hydraulic conductivity.
Initial data from monitoring of a landslide process affecting Emine Cape, Bulgaria
Authors: Dobrev Nikolai , Ivanov Plamen , Krastanov Miroslav , Frantzova Antoaneta
Published: December 2021

In October 2019, a 3D extensometer was installed to monitor slow landslide movements, affecting the slope of Cape Emine north of the lighthouse. For almost 2 years of observations, a tendency of shrinkage of the zone as a result of lateral pressure from the southern landslide was established. The movements are divided into two stages: the first – until December 2020, and the second – after that date. In the months from April to June the movements in direction X are more intensive due to the rainy situation at this time of the year.
Deflation activity in the Begovitsa valley (Pirin Mountain)
Authors: Matev Simeon , Krenchev Dimitar , Kenderova Rossitza
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of deflation activity researches in the upper (2240 m a.s.l.) and lower (1760 m a.s.l.) part of Begovitsa river valley. For the purpose, data from Automatic Weather Station (AWS) and wind direction marks were used and analyzed. Wind roses were performed for both, upper and lower part of the river valley.
PEDAGOGŲ IR TĖVŲ BENDRADARBIAVIMAS UGDANT AUTIZMO SPEKTRO SUTRIKIMĄ TURINČIUS VAIKUS
Authors: Kazlauskienė Jūratė , Valaitienė Aurelija
Published: December 2021

Daugelio autorių požiūriu pedagogų ir tėvų bendradarbiavimas ugdant autizmo spektro sutrikimą turinčius vaikus yra reikšmingas ir reikalingas procesas. Gilinantis į pedagogų ir tėvų bendradarbiavimą ugdant autizmo spektro sutrikimą turinčius vaikus atskleidžiamos įvairios bendradarbiavimo problemos. Todėl išsikeltas probleminis klausimas, į kurį bandoma atsakyti – kaip vyksta bendradarbiavimas tarp pedagogų ir tėvųugdant autizmo spektro sutrikimą turinčius vaikus. Atliekant tyrimą buvo pasirinkti šie tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, struktūrizuotas interviu, kokybinė tyrimo rezultatų analizė.

Straipsnyje nurodoma pedagogų ir tėvų partnerystės esmė ir prasmė, pagrindinių bendradarbiavimo nuostatų visuma, teoriniu ir praktiniu aspektu. Pedagogų nuomone, tėvų įtraukimui į ugdymo procesą priimtiniausios ir dažniausiai naudojamos bendradarbiavimo formos yra šios: individualūs pokalbiai ir susitikimai, bendri renginiai, šventės ir išvykos, šiek tiek rečiau ugdomosios veiklos ir susirinkimai. Pedagogai nurodo tokius bendradarbiavimo metodus ir priemones, susijusias su autizmo spektro sutrikimą turinčių vaikų tėvais: įvairūs susitikimai, pokalbiai, susirašinėjimas elektroniniais laiškais, ugdymosi pasiekimų vertinimas ir aptarimas.
MENTORIAUS VEIKLOS RAIŠKOS REALIJOS IR PERSPEKTYVOS: LIETUVOS POLICIJOS MOKYKLOS ATVEJO ANALIZĖ
Authors: Lukošius Tomas , Tolutienė Gitana
Published: December 2021

Straipsnio pirmoji dalis – teorinė, skirta išanalizuoti mentoriaus veiklos teorines prielaidas, atskleidžiant mentorystės ir mentoriaus sampratą, mentorystės formas, mentoriaus veiklos ypatumus, reikalingas savybes, veiklos funkcijas ir kt. Antroje – empirinėje straipsnio dalyje kiekybiniu tyrimu siekiama atskleisti mentoriaus veiklos galimybes, raišką ir perspektyvą veiklos Lietuvos policijos mokykloje aspektu. Tyrimu nustatytas respondentų požiūris į mentorystės svarbą statutinėje valstybės tarnyboje, jos tendencijos ir ypatumai. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomas tyrimas yra aktualus, nes nuo mentoriaus kompetencijų ir gebėjimų didžia dalimi priklauso, ar būsimasis pareigūnas įsitvirtins Lietuvos policijos mokykloje. Straipsnio naujumą ir praktinį reikšmingumą atskleidžia atliktas įstaigoje tarnaujančių pareigūnų požiūrio į mentorystę tyrimas. Vieno atvejo tyrimas padėjo nustatyti ir išskirti pagrindinius mentoriaus veiklos Lietuvos policijos mokykloje elementus ir formalios mentorystės galimybes, siekiant ją įdiegti šioje organizacijoje. Pagrindiniai teorinio ir empirinio tyrimų rezultatai pagrindžia, jog Lietuvos policijos mokykloje formalios mentorystės įgyvendinimas vyks sėkmingai, jeigu sudaromos sąlygos sistemingam mentorių profesionalumo tobulinimui, yra pozityvus organizacijos vadovų požiūris į darbuotojų mokymą ir yra žmonės, gebantys ir pageidaujantys tapti mentoriais.
INVENTORIAUS SVARBA PRIIMANT KOMANDOS VALDYMO SPRENDIMUS
Authors: Moisescu Florentina , Drăgănică Gabriela
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to show the importance of inventory for a management team within a company in decision making. The main goal of the team is to maximize the company's net profit. The paper will describe the most important functions of the inventory for the benefit of society and how last minute decisions can be made regarding important activities within the organization, as well as the positive influence of these decisions. In addition, the paper will include several methods of profit maximization that involve constant monitoring of stock levels and replenishment. Careful supervision like this will prevent losses for several reasons, such as damage to packaging, expired products or even theft. Additional benefits include organized inventory, as well as the most widely used strategies in reducing expenses and increasing sales within a company. The main purpose of this paper is to increase the fact that inventory is not only a procedure that companies are required to follow at least once a year, but also has multiple advantages that can radically change profits. The methodology consisted of an analysis of academic publications and specialized books of the authors: Dorel Mates, Veronica Grosu, Aura Domil, Daniela Pordea and Denisa Cretu, publications between 2018-2020 and lectures and papers by Monica Nedelcu and Constantin Bagu have were also used to understand the stock production process, as well as production management, published in 2017. Inventory is an indispensable step in the production and operation of a business, as stated by experts in their publications.
ĮMONIŲ NUOSAVŲ AUTOMOBILIŲ MOKESČIŲ APSKAITOS POLITIKOS FORMAVIMO MODELIS
Authors: Rudžionienė Kristina , Subačiūtė Laura
Published: December 2021

Tyrimo tikslas – sukurti ir patikrinti modelį, kuris padėtų įmonėms suformuoti nuosavų automobilių mokesčių apskaitos politiką. Tyrimo metodai: Lietuvos Respublikos įstatymų, apskaitos standartų ir kitų norminių aktų, susijusių su ilgalaikiu materialiuoju turtu ir įmonių mokamais mokesčiais, analizė, indukcija; grafinio vaizdavimo, modeliavimo, loginės analizės metodai; atvejo analizė, sintezė, apibendrinimas. Įmonės turi galimybę praktikoje derinti finansinės bei mokesčių apskaitos tikslus, t.y. finansinėse ataskaitose atspindėdamos tikrą ir teisingą finansinę įmonės būklę ir veiklos rezultatus mažinti mokesčių naštą. Finansinės ir mokesčių apskaitos neatitikimai susidaro dėl automobilių įsigijimo savikainos nustatymo, negrąžinamo PVM, nusidėvėjimo apskaičiavimo metodų taikymo, nusidėvėjimo skaičiavimo pradžios ir pabaigos būdų, naudingo tarnavimo laikotarpio, likvidacinės vertės, apskaitos būdo pasirinkimo, remonto ir eksploatacinių išlaidų traktavimo. Pasirenkant tam tikrus apskaitos metodus arba įvertinimus, apskaitoje ir finansinėse ataskaitose galima pateikti didesnį ar mažesnį finansinį ir apmokestinamąjį pelną. Pagal šiuos neatitikimus ir jų poveikį pelnui sukurtas įmonių nuosavų automobilių mokesčių apskaitos politikos formavimo modelis. Patikrinus sukurto modelio veikimą UAB „ABC“ atveju, nustatyta, kad svarbiausias apskaitos politikos elementas, dėl kurio ypač kito grynasis ir apmokestinamasis pelnas, yra automobilių nusidėvėjimo sąnaudos. Didžiausias neigiamas poveikis įmonės grynajam pelnui (4,3 proc.) gautas vietoj tiesinio pritaikant dvigubai mažėjančios vertės metodą. Įmonės veiklos rezultatas padidėjo 1,8 proc. remonto išlaidas įtraukiant į įsigijimo savikainą ir prailginant naudingo tarnavimo laiką 2 metais. Prailginant naudingo tarnavimo laiką lengviesiems automobiliams iki 12 metų, o krovininiams automobiliams iki 8 metų, grynasis pelnas padidėjo 1,6 proc.
GENERATYVUMO PERSPEKTYVA VYRESNIO AMŽIAUS SUAUGUSIŲJŲ MOKYMESI: LITERATŪROS APŽVALGA
Authors: Šatienė Salomėja
Published: December 2021

Šiame straipsnyje, remiantis įvairių šalių mokslinės literatūros šaltiniais, analizuojamas vyresnio amžiaus žmonių savaiminis mokymasis generatyvumo kontekste. Analizuojant  generatyvumo ir vyresnio amžiaus suaugusiųjų mokymosi sąsajas, siekiama atskleisti kaip generatyvumo kontekstas formuoja vyresnio amžiaus žmonių savaiminį mokymąsi. Literatūros apžvalga leido išskirti generatyvumo kontekste vykstančio mokymosi būdingus bruožus, apimančius  mokymąsi įtakojančius veiksnius, pagrindinius mokymosi proceso ypatumus ir mokymosi reikšmę vyresnių žmonių gyvenimui. Vyresnio amžiaus žmonių įsitraukimas į generatyvumą, ankstesnio mokymosi kompetencija ir socialinė aplinka daro įtaką mokymuisi. Generatyvumo kontekste vykstančio vyresnio amžiaus suaugusiųjų mokymosi procesui yra būdinga informuotu dalyvavimu grįsta motyvacija, įgalinimas, savaiminio mokymosi patirčių įvairovė, refleksija. Asmenybės augimas, asmeninės kompetencijos tobulinimas, savo vaidmens įtvirtinimas yra mokymosi pasekmės, darančios įtaką vyresnių suaugusiųjų gyvenimui.
Assessment of the predictive value of the NTISS scale for neonatal outcomes
Authors: Kovtun O. P. , Mukhametshin R. F. , Davidova N. S.
Published: December 2021

Introduction.Improving the disease severity scoring systems at the stages of inter-hospital transportation remains an actual in neonatal intensive care. Therapeutic scales remain poorly studied and their predictive value and practical applicability.The aim of the workis to determine the predictive value of the NTISS scale at the stage of pre-transport preparation in relation to the treatment outcomes of newborns.

Materials and methods.The cohort study included data from 604 visits of the resuscitation and consultation center transport team. The evaluation was performed on the NTISS scale, and the outcomes were studied. The AUC ROC curve of the NTISS scale was calculated in relation to the binary outcomes. The correlation analysis of the quantitative data was performed by Spearman's criterion.

Results.AUC greater than 0.8 was observed for the risk of death (AUC=0,823 (0,758-0,888)), 7-day mortality (AUC=0,827 (0,752-0,901)), late onset sepsis (AUC=0,808 (0,737-0,879)), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (AUC=0,810 (0,763-0,856)), severe intraventricular hemorrhage (AUC=0,847 (0,804-0,889)) иocclusivehydrocephalus(AUC=0,830 (0,757-0,904)). Similarresultswereobtained analyzing the outcomes among the surviving patients. For other binary outcomes, the scale shows an AUC of less than 0.8. The analysis of outcomes among the surviving patients showed a weak correlation between the NTISS score and the duration of intensive care, r=0.492, p<0.0001, and the duration of hospitalization, r=0.498, p<0.0001.

Discussion.The NTISS scale demonstrated an acceptable level of accuracy (AUC>0.8) in predicting hospital mortality, late neonatal sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, and the formation of occlusive hydrocephalus, among both surviving patients and general sample. The observed results are comparable with the information content of other neonatal scales of various types.

Conclusion.The predictive value of NTISS in relation to the outcomes of the hospital stage is comparable to the physiological scales described in the literature.
Significance of endometrial dysfunction markers in the pathogenesis of chronic endometritis in women with reproductive losses
Authors: Esedova A. E. , Idrisova M. A. , Gadzhieva A. M.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. A review of the literature considering the problem of reproductive health against the background of chronic endometritis is presented. According to the literature, in the etiology and pathogenesis of infertility and habitual miscarriage, the main cause is the «uterine factor» (24-62%). Chronic inflammation in the uterine mucosa can lead to infertility, which increases the significance of this pathology. It is proved that most often the causative agents of this disease are representatives of conditionally pathogenic microflora. Chronic endometritis is an unexplored pathology associated with unfavorable reproductive outcomes, such as unsuccessful implantation and repeated miscarriage. Most scientists assume that inflammation develops against the background of a long-term persistence of an infectious agent. According to other scientists, the cause of the occurrence and development of chronic endometritis is an autoimmune process that contributes to the progression of inflammation. The article describes the mechanisms of impaired receptivity, endometrial microcirculation and changes in the ratio of cells of the immune system. In this article, we aim to give an overview of the diagnosis, etiology, pathophysiology and treatment of chronic endometritis, its effect on endometrial receptivity and its relationship with reproductive dysfunction.

The aim of the study is to identify the main discussed aspects of the management of patients with chronic endometritis, to determine promising diagnostic methods.

Materials and methods. The analysis and systematization of the data were carried out on the basis of scientific publications in the common database of Cyberleninka and PubMed.

Results and Discussions. The article discusses the methods of laboratory, ultrasound and instrumental diagnostics used in Russia and abroad. The» gold standard « of diagnostics is a histological examination of the endometrial tissue material on the 7th10th day of the menstrual cycle. The article describes the mechanisms of impaired receptivity, endometrial microcirculation and changes in the ratio of cells of the immune system.

Conclusion. Chronic endometritis remains an important problem in modern society, as it has a social significance: the frequency of reproductive losses is at a high level. There is a need to further study the features of the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic endometritis in order to improve the presentation of the course of the inflammatory process and improve the methods of therapy and prevention of this disease for the realization of reproductive function.
Sketches on the creative portrait of the composer A. B. Mulear
Authors:   Academy of Music Theatre and Fine Arts, Republic of Moldova, Trocinel Daniela
Published: December 2021

This article attempts to present sketches of the compositional creativity of Alexandr Boris Mulear (1922–1994), who is one of the most important figures of the music culture in the Republic of Moldova and belongs to the older generation of composers, as his glory years were between 1950 and 1980. The composer’s record contains a valuable artistic heritage that is appreciated by performers but the study of his works is not in the center of interest of musicologists yet. However, the article will present some examples of the Mulearian creativity. Analyzing the composition portfolio of A. Mulear, the author shows that chamber works predominate for the most part in his creativity, including suites, quartets, sonatas, miniatures and musical pieces, with a wide range of instrumental groups: from the duo (violin and piano, piano and voice) to the symphony orchestra. In conclusion, it is noted that the composer manifested himself in an original way in chamber music, which is more innovative and bright and reveals diverse forms of classical music in terms of style and genre.
European traditions in the structure of fortification of the lower defense line of the moldovan period of the Belgorod Fortress: Barbakan
Authors:   Институт археологии Национальной Академии наук Украины, Беляева Светлана , Фиалко Елена ,   Институт археологии Национальной Академии Наук Украины
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the results of archaeological investigation of barbican – one of the strategic points of fortification in the Belgorod-Dnestrovskyi fortress. In spite of being of Eastern origin, barbican became one of the types of defensive structures in Europe. The typological and chronological periodization of the building of Belgorod’s barbican includes the following stages. It was constructed in the XV century on the territory of the Moldavian Principality all together with the Low Wall, as part of the early period of the history of the fortress. Similar to the other European barbican buildings of the same time in Torun, Krakow, Lvov, it represents the structure of the tower type. The tower is connected with the main room of barbican through the gallery; the entrance was discovered in the course of excavation. The square of the earliest structure of barbican is about 250 m2. The reconstruction of barbican took place in the Ottoman period of the fortress, as part of the bastion system connected with the further development of artillery. The main elements of the first phase of building, such as of the tower and the planning in the trapezoid shape can be seen on gravures of the beginning of the XIX century.
Knowledge about the gypsy/roma communities in Bulgaria, presented by visual anthropology
Authors:   Областной исторический музей Стара Загора, Болгария, Иванова Евгения , Крыстев Велчо
Published: December 2021

The Gypsy/Roma ethnic group has lived in the Balkans for centuries. Gypsies/ Roma turn out to be bearers of a traditional cultural heritage that has long been forgotten by those around them. In our presentation, we look at how authentic knowledge of the Gypsy/Roma community can be the subject of public presentation in museums through the techniques of visual anthropology. Our thesis is that for those studying the Gypsy/Roma ethnic group, which has no writing and written history, visual anthropology is of particular importance as a primary source of knowledge, as a testimony of time. The photos, images, video recording preserve, show and transmit the material culture, traditions and way of life of the different Gypsies/Roma groups, which, together with the common, have very specific group and regional differences. We also ask the question – the historical knowledge about the community created up to which historical moment is authentic, as the culture of the Gypsies/Roma is not static in time, but is influenced by modern forms, typical for today’s global world.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Bhoyar Abhijit Pandurang
Published: December 2021

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness due to the alterations of a protein called dystrophin that helps keep muscle cells intact. DMD is one of four conditions known as dystrophinopathies. DMD symptom onset is in early childhood, usually between ages 2 and 3. The daughters each have a 50% chance of being carriers. Very rarely, a female can be affected by the disease. Duchenne muscular dystrophy occurs in about 1 out of every 3600 male infants. The disease primarily affects boys, but in rare cases it can affect girls. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a form of muscular dystrophy. The main sign of muscular dystrophy is progressive muscle weakness. Specific signs and symptoms begin at different ages and in different muscle groups. No cure for DMD is known, and an ongoing medical need has been recognized by regulatory authorities. Gene therapy has shown some success. Complications includes osteoporosis, nutritional problems, cardiac complication such as cardiomyopathy, chest and breathing complication. This condition can be improved when detected as early as possible.
Digital Abuse: Awareness is Preparedness
Authors: Rocque Ritika
Published: December 2021

Technology allows us to stay connected. Whether you are re-connecting with a lost friend from elementary school, video chatting with a partner that is far away, or making new connections with people that you’ve never met, technology allows us to reach out and touch people in ways that would have been impossible before these advancements. 1 Even though many of us spend a lot of time on our phones and computers, digital abuse isn’t as widely-known as it should be. Part of the reason for that is because it’s so interwoven with the other kinds of abuse that you might have heard about — like physical, sexual, emotional, financial, and verbal — that it’s not often singled out. It’s unlikely that someone will experience digital abuse without also experiencing another kind of abuse, but digital abuse itself is very serious and can be detrimental to a person’s wellbeing. 2
Tổng hợp vật liệu nano spinel Li4Mn5O12 bằng phương pháp thủy nhiệt
Authors: Nguyễn Minh Thảo , Phạm Minh Xuân
Published: December 2021

Vật liệu Li4Mn5O12 được tổng hợp thành công bằng phương pháp thủy nhiệt. Điều kiện tổng hợp được xác định: tỉ lệ mol Li:Mn = 5:3, nhiệt độ 120oC, 216 giờ, thiêu kết 500oC trong 6 giờ. Vật liệu Li4Mn5O12 được phân tích thành phần, cấu trúc, hình thái bằng nhiễu xạ tia X (XRD), phổ hấp thu nguyên tử ngọn lửa (F-AAS), phổ hồng ngoại (FT-IR), phương pháp xác định carbon trong mẫu rắn (TC), hiển vi điện tử quét (SEM), hiển vi điện tử truyền qua (TEM), đặc trưng tính chất điện hóa bằng kỹ thuật quét thế vòng tuần hoàn (CV). Vật liệu Li4Mn5O12 có cấu trúc spinel (Fd3m), kích thước hạt khoảng 40-60 nm, tỉ lệ Li:Mn xác định (F-AAS) là 0,798, số oxy hóa trung bình của Mn trong sản phẩm là +3,98 ± 0,02. Vật liệu có khả năng đan cài-phóng thích thuận nghịch ion Li+ tốt.
Designs of acoustic metamaterials: From effective medium to deep learning
Authors: Wu Ying
Published: December 2021

Acoustic metamaterials have offered great opportunities to control acoustic wave propagation as desired. The intriguing property of an acoustic metamaterial is attributed to its unique effective property. Therefore, effective medium theory, a bridge connecting the response of the medium to the incident wave and the medium’s microstructure, provides design principles of new acoustic metamaterials. Recently, the blossoming of artificial intelligence enabled another efficient way of designing acoustic metamaterials.

In this talk, I will start with a review our early contributions in deriving effective medium theories followed by showcases of our recent designs of acoustic metamaterials and their properties. Finally, I will introduce our most recent work on deep learning enabled design of acoustic cloak of invisibility.
Valley-Hall topological acoustics
Authors: Zhang Zhiwang
Published: December 2021

The discrete valley degree of freedom, i.e., quantum states of energy extrema in momentum space, is attracting growing attention because of its potential as a new type of information carrier like spins in spintronics. Transferring the valley concept to classical wave systems through valley-like frequency dispersions, has been made possible using engineered artificial lattices such as photonic and sonic crystals.

In this webinar, we will start with a brief introduction on valley-projected topological acoustics and then discuss our recent works in this topic, which include the experimental realizations of the topological acoustic delay line[1], the directional acoustic antenna[2] and the valley-projected edge states based on the subwavelength soda cans[3]. Lastly, in this context, we also consider non-Hermiticity combining sonic crystals with gain[4]. Here, we take advantage of electro-thermoacoustic coupling from biased carbon nanotube films used as lattice coatings. We construct a topological whispering gallery made out of such coated lattice and show how the mode chirality can be broken and a topological “saser”, the analogous topological “laser” in acoustics, can be realized.
Acoustic Metamaterial Wizardry
Authors: Wright Oliver B.
Published: December 2021

Acoustic metamaterials are non-naturally occurring structures consisting of arrays of sub-wavelength resonators designed to manipulate the propagation of sound, exhibiting effective negative density or modulus [1,2]. Counterintuitive metamaterial properties such as acoustic negative refraction, superlensing and cloaking have been demonstrated.
Another example is extraordinary acoustic transmission, i.e. the passage of more acoustic energy than expected through a small sub-acoustic-wavelength aperture acting as an acoustic meta-atom. This has been be demonstrated in a variety of systems, having first been shown in optics. I will first present our experimental work in this field using kHz airborne acoustics [3], in which case we find giant transmission, with enhancements up to  60, by use of an aperture closed with a membrane. I will then show how gigantic transmission enhancement, by more than a factor of 500, can be achieved in solid acoustics [4,5].
Closely related to extraordinary acoustic transmission is the phenomenon of enhanced transmission between acoustically mismatched media. I will review experimental work on the enormously enhanced passage of acoustic waves from water to air based on the use of a kHz acoustic metasurface [6].
Finally, I will present recent kHz experiments on acoustic metabeams [7] and metarods [8] with perfect bandgaps that prevent all vibrations from passing along them at certain frequencies. The era of metawands that do not vibrate is upon us.
Roton Metamaterials
Authors: Wegener Martin
Published: December 2021

Based on the pioneering work of Lev Landau and Richard Feynman, rotons were observed in inelastic neutron scattering experiments on superfluid helium in 1961. For the roton dispersion relation, energy and momentum of the acoustical wave are proportional to each other for small momenta. For larger momenta, a (roton) minimum of energy versus momentum occurs. Rotons have also been investigated in other correlated quantum systems at low temperatures, such as quasi two-dimensional thin films of 3He, quantum Hall effect stripes in semiconductors, and Bose-Einstein condensates of atoms. In this talk, we present the physics and design of metamaterials showing roton dispersion relations under ambient conditions.
Localisation of light in ordered time dependent systems
Authors: Pendry John
Published: December 2021

Electromagnetic waves in periodically ordered materials are delocalised into Bloch states, just like electrons in ordered solids. Recently interest has grown in systems ordered in both space and time the simplest example of which might be a permittivity with a 1D grating,

ε(x,t)=ε_1[1+2αcos(gx-Ω t)]

We stress that this is not a moving medium but a modulation of the medium’s properties phased in time. Hence the velocity of propagation, cg = W/g can take any value -∞< cg<+∞ and is not constrained by relativity. Here too light can propagate in extended Bloch states but there is a range of values [1],

1/√(1+2α)√(ε_1)c_g / c_0 1/√(1-2α)

for which the Bloch picture fails. In this so called luminal region any incident radiation will be localised in a series of wells defined by the grating and travelling at the velocity of the grating. We present analytical solutions to this model and in particular explore the localised/delocalised transition which has an exponent of 1/2. Light incident on a grating with cgin the luminal range is compressed and amplified by a novel mechanism into a series of ever more localised pulses which emerge from the far side of the grating as shown in the figure below. For values of cg outside the luminal region a plane electromagnetic wave enters the grating as a linear combination of Bloch waves which oscillate in amplitude as they propagate. Approaching the critical velocity the oscillation period and amplitude diverge. The same exponent controls the diverging period as controls the exponential growth inside the luminal regime: a familiar result from localisation in disordered systems.
Acoustic metamaterials with digitally virtualized resonance
Authors: Li Jensen
Published: December 2021

We present a platform in constructing acoustic metamaterials with digital electronics feedback, which allows us to realize arbitrary resonating response, as if they are acoustic metamaterials with physical resonance, but now with more engineering degrees of freedom. In the first part of this webinar, we will introduce the essential steps to virtualize an impulse response of acoustic metamaterial to a digital signal processing code, demonstrating hugely tunable resonating frequency, strength and linewidth. It also allows arbitrary specifications of bulk modulus, density and Willis parameters with controllable bandwidth. In the second part, we will investigate impact of these arbitrary material parameters to explore active time-varying systems. Specifically, high efficiency on frequency conversion is experimentally demonstrated by tailor-made time-varying response function. Its application with material gain and loss being alternating in time is also investigated.
Elastic metasurfaces
Authors: Craster Richard
Published: December 2021

Elastic waves guided along surfaces dominate applications in geophysics, ultrasonic inspection, mechanical vibration, and surface acoustic wave devices; precise manipulation of surface Rayleigh waves and their coupling with polarized body waves presents a challenge that offers to unlock the flexibility in wave transport required for efficient energy harvesting and vibration mitigation devices. In this talk I will describe various designs of elastic metasurfaces, based around a graded array of rod resonators attached to an elastic substrate that, together with critical insight from Umklapp scattering in phonon-electron systems, allow us to leverage the transfer of crystal momentum; we mode-convert Rayleigh surface waves into bulk waves that form tunable beams. Experiments, theory and simulation verify that these tailored Umklapp mechanisms play a key role in coupling surface Rayleigh waves to reversed bulk shear and compressional waves independently, thereby creating passive self-phased arrays allowing for tunable redirection and wave focusing within the bulk medium. We have also looked recently at piezoelectric coupling and the use of these devices in energy harvesting and, if time allows, I will discuss this too.
Manipulating water waves using bathymetric plate arrays
Authors: Porter Richard
Published: December 2021

This talk will describe how closely-spaced arrays of vertical plates protruding from the bed of an incompressible fluid can be used to produce interesting effects on water waves propagating on the surface of the fluid. We will consider how both fully depth dependent and depth-averaged (shallow water) models are formulated and how they compare and illustrate their use in a number of different settings. For instance, we can generate examples of bathymetric devices which represent all-frequency all-angle refractive devices which allow negative refraction and for which the phase velocity is directed towards the source. Other examples include the use of bathymetric plate arrays to perfectly transmit energy through bends in waveguides and, when formed into a cylinder, act as a bathymetric lens.
Acoustic Metamaterials with Broadband Tunable Impedance Matching
Authors: Fang Nicholas X.
Published: December 2021

Recent development of acoustic metamaterials opens a door to an unprecedented large design space for acoustic properties such as negative bulk modulus, negative density, and refractive index. Such novel concept paves the way for the design of a new class of acoustic materials and devices with great promise for diverse applications, such as broadband noise insulation, sub-wavelength imaging and acoustic cloak from sonar detection.

In this talk, I will present our research progress on advanced design and micro/nanofabrication techniques, to enable exploration and rapid prototyping of architectured metastructures for acoustic waves. These structures show promise on focusing and rerouting ultrasound through broadband metamaterials. As an example, we report a class of impedance transformers to overcome the fundamental limit of narrowband transmission. We experimentally show that the transformer device offers efficient implementation in broadband underwater ultrasound detection with the benefit of being soft and tunable. The broadband impedance matched nonreflecting acoustic metamaterial can also robustly prohibit reflection and reverberation of airborne sound waves over a wide range of incident angles. I will also discuss the acoustic labyrinthine metamaterials which can exhibit extreme constitutive parameters and an exceptional ability to control the phase of sound at deep-subwavelength scale.
Elastic Metamaterials and Their Applications to Wave Control
Authors: Hu Gengkai
Published: December 2021

Wave property of materials is intimately related to their microstructures. By carefully designing the microstructure, different wave functions not available for traditional materials can be envisaged. In this talk, I will demonstrated through three examples the elastic wave control by the design of elastic metamaterials. The first is elastic negative refraction by designing an elastic metamaterial with both negative effective mass and modulus. The second example focuses on elastic wave filtering, we show that solids with only single polarization mode (either transverse wave or longitudinal wave) can be designed with pentamode materials. Finally I will explain the principle to make an asymmetric metamaterials which breaks the property of symmetric stress, and apply it to design elastic wave cloak. These results demonstrate a great capacity of elastic wave tailoring by elastic metamaterials and will surely find engineering applications in the near future.