bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical clustering by patient-reported pain distribution alone identifies distinct chronic pain subgroups differing by pain intensity, quality, and clinical outcomes
Authors: Alter Benedict J. , Anderson Nathan P. , Gillman Andrea G. , Yin Qing , Jeong Jong-Hyeon , Wasan Ajay D.
Published: August 2021

Background

In clinical practice, the bodily distribution of chronic pain is often used in conjunction with other signs and symptoms to support a diagnosis or treatment plan. For example, the diagnosis of fibromyalgia involves tallying the areas of pain that a patient reports using a drawn body map. It remains unclear whether patterns of pain distribution independently inform aspects of the pain experience and influence patient outcomes. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of patterns of pain distribution using an algorithmic approach agnostic to diagnosis or patient-reported facets of the pain experience.

Methods and findings

A large cohort of patients (N = 21,658) completed pain body maps and a multi-dimensional pain assessment. Using hierarchical clustering of patients by body map selection alone, nine distinct subgroups emerged with different patterns of body region selection. Clinician review of cluster body maps recapitulated some clinically-relevant patterns of pain distribution, such as low back pain with radiation below the knee and widespread pain, as well as some unique patterns. Demographic and medical characteristics, pain intensity, pain impact, and neuropathic pain quality all varied significantly across cluster subgroups. Multivariate modeling demonstrated that cluster membership independently predicted pain intensity and neuropathic pain quality. In a subset of patients who completed 3-month follow-up questionnaires (N = 7,138), cluster membership independently predicted the likelihood of improvement in pain, physical function, and a positive overall impression of change related to multidisciplinary pain care.

Conclusions

This study reports a novel method of grouping patients by pain distribution using an algorithmic approach. Pain distribution subgroup was significantly associated with differences in pain intensity, impact, and clinically relevant outcomes. In the future, algorithmic clustering by pain distribution may be an important facet in chronic pain biosignatures developed for the personalization of pain management.
Determinants and perception of health insurance participation among healthcare providers in Nigeria: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Shobiye Hezekiah Olayinka , Dada Ibironke , Ndili Njide , Zamba Emmanuella , Feeley Frank , de Wit Tobias Rinke
Published: August 2021

Background

To accelerate universal health coverage, Nigeria’s National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) decentralized the implementation of government health insurance to the individual states in 2014. Lagos is one of the states that passed a State Health Insurance Scheme into law, in order to expand the benefits of health insurance beyond the few residents enrolled in community-based health insurance programs, commercial private health insurance plans or the NHIS. Public and private healthcare providers are a critical component of the Lagos State Health Scheme (LSHS) rollout. This study explored the determinants and perception of provider participation in health insurance programs including the LSHS.

Methods

This study used a mixed-methods cross sectional design. Quantitative data were collected from 60 healthcare facilities representatively sampled from 6 Local Government Areas in Lagos state. For the qualitative data, providers were interviewed using structured questionnaires on selected characteristics of each health facility in addition to the managers’ opinions about the challenges and benefits of insurance participation, capacity pressure, resource availability and financial management consequences.

Results

A higher proportion of provider facilities participating in insurance relative to non-participating facilities were larger with mid to (very) high patient volume, workforce, and longer years of operation. In addition, a greater proportion of private facilities compared to public facilities participated in insurance. Furthermore, a higher proportion of secondary and tertiary facilities relative to primary facilities participated in insurance. Lastly, increase in patient volume and revenue were motivating factors for provider facilities to participate in insurance, while low tariffs, delay and denial of payments, and patients’ unrealistic expectations were mentioned as inhibiting factors.

Conclusion

For the Lagos state and other government insurance schemes in developing countries to be successful, effective contracting and quality assurance of healthcare providers are essential. The health facilities indicated that these would require adequate and regular provider payment, investments in infrastructure upgrades and educating the public about insurance benefit plans and service expectations.
Prediction of HIV drug resistance based on the 3D protein structure: Proposal of molecular field mapping
Authors: Ota Ryosaku , So Kanako , Tsuda Masahiro , Higuchi Yuriko , Yamashita Fumiyoshi
Published: August 2021

A method for predicting HIV drug resistance by using genotypes would greatly assist in selecting appropriate combinations of antiviral drugs. Models reported previously have had two major problems: lack of information on the 3D protein structure and processing of incomplete sequencing data in the modeling procedure. We propose obtaining the 3D structural information of viral proteins by using homology modeling and molecular field mapping, instead of just their primary amino acid sequences. The molecular field potential parameters reflect the physicochemical characteristics associated with the 3D structure of the proteins. We also introduce the Bayesian conditional mutual information theory to estimate the probabilities of occurrence of all possible protein candidates from an incomplete sequencing sample. This approach allows for the effective use of uncertain information for the modeling process. We applied these data analysis techniques to the HIV-1 protease inhibitor dataset and developed drug resistance prediction models with reasonable performance.
International development volunteering as a catalyst for long-term prosocial behaviours of returned Canadian volunteers
Authors: Tiessen Rebecca , Cassin Katelyn , Lough Benjamin J.
Published: August 2021

This article documents the long-term impacts of international development volunteering (IDV) on the prosocial behaviours, educational or career choices, and global citizenship activities of returned international volunteers (RVs). Findings from a 2018 survey completed by 450 Canadian RVs show how IDV can contribute to global citizenship and civic engagement. Qualitative and quantitative analyses demonstrate how IDV can help to build a more empathetic and justice-oriented society dedicated to addressing the causes and consequences of global poverty and inequality. As a distinctive model for transformational learning, this study illustrates the value of IDV as a model for cross-cultural education shaping values of global civic responsibility.
Evaluation of Extracts Obtained from FruitWastes Using Different Methods
Authors: Florez Montes Ciliana , Rojas González Andrés Felipe , Rodríguez Barona Sneyder
Published: August 2021

Context: Currently, the increase in agroindustrial waste generation has encouraged the search for viable use alternatives. In this paper, four methods to obtain extracts from mango, soursop, and grape peels, as well as and grape seeds, are studied. Their efficiency is analyzed through extraction yields and antioxidant capacity characterization of the extracts.
Method: The extraction was performed using solvent, Soxhlet, microwave-assisted, and ultrasound assisted extraction. The characterization of the extracts was made by total phenolic compounds and flavonoids quantification, as well as antioxidant capacity determination, using the DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC tests.
Results: It was found that grape seed extracts obtained by different extraction methods, highlighting those obtained by microwave assisted extraction, present a high total content phenolic compounds (>321.381,41 ± 3.476,85 μg Gallic Acid/g) and flavonoids (>103.232,01 ± 4.638,19 μg Quercetin/g), in addition to high antioxidant activity, according to the results of the DPPH (<1,06 ± 0,01), FRAP (>152.280,08 ± 5.197,53 µg TROLOX/g), and ORAC (>124.566,81 ± 581,96 μg TROLOX/g) tests.
Conclusions: The results presented in this study suggest that the extracts obtained from grape seeds, especially those obtained by means of microwave-assisted extraction, have a potential use in food and pharmaceutical industries, due to their high antioxidant capacity and their total phenolic compounds and flavonoids content.
COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT STRATEGY AROUND FORESTS THROUGH COMMUNITY FOREST MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (PHBM) IN PRINGAPUS DISTRICT SEMARANG DISTRICT
Authors: Hadiyanto Meswari Dwi , Satmoko Sriroso , Mukson Mukson
Published: August 2021

Forest Management in Java is carried out by Perum Perhutani, which has implemented a Community-Based Forest Management (PHBM) system. Pringapus Kecanatan has a State Forest which is quite extensive, however, most of the population around the forest is still in poor condition. The condition of the community around the forest in Pringapus District is illustrated by the people who do not have independence, do not have access to use the forest, the level of education and skills are still low. In an effort to overcome all this, Perum Perhutani is empowering the community in Pringapus District through the Community Forest Management System. This system is considered quite strategic because it is very accommodating to the interests of various parties including the community as the agents of development. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Collaborative Forest Management System (PHBM) from the Institutional aspect, the Empowerment aspect, the Agribusiness aspect and the LMDH Role aspect and formulating a community empowerment strategy through the PHBM. Analysis of the data used to answer the objectives is descriptive analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and SWOT analysis. The results of PHBM research in Pringapus sub-district indicate that the institution is being illustrated by the lack of realization of work programs as well as sub-optimal level of LMDH participation
Does Employee Performance Mediate the Effect of Workforce Diversity on Organisational Performance? Evidence from Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Buea Municipality.
Authors: Nwahanye Emmanuel , Nicholas Dze Baninla
Published: August 2021

The objective of this study was to examine the mediating role of employee performance in the effect of workforce diversity on organisational performance. Data used was collected through questionnaires from 306 SMEs operating in the Buea Municipality. Four variants of workforce diversity were retained (age, gender, ethnicity and educational background). Data was analysed using the Baron and Kenny (1986) approach of mediation and the MacKinnon et al. (2002) extension in ascertain the existence of mediation. The findings show that employee performance mediates the effects of gender, age, ethnic and educational background diversities and organisational performance. This mediation is full for gender and educational background diversities, and it is partial for age and ethnic diversities. The study recommends that the management of SMEs should develop a culture of workforce diversity in terms of gender, age and educational background in staffing and managing their human resources.
Personal Information Privacy: Some Findings on Gender Difference
Authors: Belhadjali Moncef , Abbasi Sami , Whaley Gary
Published: August 2021

The implementation of effective cybersecurity by organizations is a prerequisite to privacy protection for personal information collected, used, stored, and shared online. The trend for the potential of online privacy breaches has been moving upward with our daily reliance on the Internet and cloud computing. While online, individuals may choose to use a credit card to complete a transaction, access email, access social media sites, and store pictures through a cloud storage. In some cases, law enforcement agencies may access and use personal information stored online. Do individuals approve of the usage of their personal information by these agencies to solve crimes? Do demographic characteristics such a gender, education, and age provide a reliable set of predictors for the probability of approval? Do females and males differ with respect to the decision to approve information usage to solve crimes?    This study reports on the analysis of data from a 2019 Pew Research Center survey of 1,365 individuals in the USA. Most respondents (63%) approve of personal information usage by law enforcement agencies to solve crimes. The purpose of this study is to determine the trend in the citizens’ approval for personal information usage by law enforcement agencies, especially distinguishing the genders.  The results of a regression analysis showed that the demographic variables -gender, education, and age- provide a statistically significant power to predict the probability for information usage approval. A t-Test revealed that there is a statistically significant difference between genders. Females are more likely to offer the approval.
TRANSFORMATION OF GOVERNANCE IN STATE-OWNED COMPANIES: THE CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA AS A DEVELOPING COUNTRY
Authors: Malgas Maphelo , Zondi Bonginkosi Wellington
Published: August 2021

The basis of this article is an article published by Thomas (2012) whose objective was to track over a two-year period the performance of five strategic South African state-owned enterprises with regards to issues of governance. These enterprises were ESKOM, South African Airways (SAA), South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC), Telkom, and Transnet. The paper revealed that there were serious transgressions in these entities and recommendations were made to address these. The aim of this article therefore was to establish whether or not the transgressions reported by Thomas are still happening within these entities. The data was collected from the 2014/2015, 2015/2016, 2016/2017, and 2017/2018 financial reports of these entities. The study revealed that the transgressions are still taking place. With regards to issues of sustainability SAA and SABC continue to make loses, with SAA continuing to be bailed out by the South African government against the will of the South African general public. Fruitless and wasteful expenditure increased in all the five entities mentioned above and no serious action has been taken by the South African government to hold the people responsible accountable. While Telkom, Transnet and Eskom were making profits these profits are not at the envisaged level.
Morning report goes virtual: learner experiences in a virtual, case-based diagnostic reasoning conference
Authors: Penner John C. , Le Stephenie , Shipley Lindsey C. , Murdock H. Moses , Minter Daniel J. , Nematollahi Saman
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Participation in case-based diagnostic reasoning (DR) conferences has previously been limited to those who can attend in-person. Technological advances have enabled these conferences to migrate to virtual platforms, creating an opportunity to improve access and promote learner participation. We describe the design and evaluation of virtual morning report (VMR), a novel case-based DR conference that aimed to expand access to these conferences, leverage a virtual platform to create new opportunities for learner participation, and improve learner confidence in performing DR.

Methods

VMR took place on a videoconferencing platform. Participants included health professions students, post-graduate trainees, and practitioners. In designing VMR, we adapted concepts from the experience-based model of learning to design opportunities for learner participation. Teaching strategies were informed by information-processing and situativity theories. We evaluated learner experiences in VMR using a survey with open and closed-ended questions. Survey items focused on accessing case-based teaching conferences outside of VMR, participant perceptions of the educational value of VMR, and VMR’s impact on participants’ confidence in performing DR. We used thematic analysis to manually code open-ended responses and identify themes.

Results

203 participants (30.2%) completed the survey. 141 respondents (69.5%) reported they did not otherwise have access to a DR conference. The majority of participants reported increased confidence performing DR. Respondents highlighted that VMR supplemented their education, created a supportive learning environment, and offered a sense of community.

Conclusions

VMR can expand access to DR education, create new opportunities for learner participation, and improve learner confidence in performing DR.
Design and performance analysis of spectral-efficient hybrid CPDM-CO-OFDM FSO communication system under diverse weather conditions
Authors: Chowdhury Ruhin , Choyon A. K. M. Sharoar Jahan
Published: August 2021

A comprehensive design is proposed for the free-space optical (FSO) communication system by hybridizing circular polarization division multiplexing (CPDM) with coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) and its performance is investigated realistically under diverse turbulent weather conditions of Bangladesh. Here, we consider Gamma–Gamma distribution for the turbulent FSO channel model. Moreover, the proposed scheme presents an excellent performance since the CPDM technique not only maximizes the link capacity of the FSO system but also enhances the spectral efficiency of the system. Besides, multipath fading, which is appeared during the FSO transmission, is significantly mitigated by OFDM modulation. The outcomes from the simulation confirm the advantages of the proposed hybrid scheme and also it can serve as a reference for the FSO application even in turbulent weather conditions. Performance analysis of the proposed model is described in terms of the optical power spectrum, optical signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, Q factor, constellation diagrams, and eye diagrams.
Some inequalities for exponentially convex functions on time scales
Authors: Georgiev Svetlin G. , Darvish Vahid , Roushan Tahere A.
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we introduce the notion of exponentially convex functions on time scales and then we establish Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for this class of functions. As special case, we derive this double inequality in the context of classical notion of exponentially convex functions and convex functions. Moreover, we prove some new integral inequalities for n-times continuously differentiable functions with exponentially convex first Δ-derivative.
The Neolithisation of the Adriatic: Contrasting Regional Patterns and Interactions Along and Across the Shores
Authors: Kačar Sonja
Published: August 2021

The beginning of the Neolithic in the Adriatic region dates back to approximately 6000 cal BC, and the appearance of Impressed Ware pottery marks its generic development. By combining lithic, economic, and paleoenvironmental data, we propose a new arrhythmic model for the chronology of Neolithisation in the Adriatic. On the one hand, the available data suggest that in the south-central part of the basin (Dalmatia and Apulia) the transition to farming was relatively quick, resulting from the colonisation of an open landscape (seemingly linked to the “8.2 ka event” and the onset of a drier climate). These newcomers mostly settled in the fertile plains of the Dalmatian and Apulian hinterlands, basing their subsistence almost exclusively on agriculture and livestock, while lithic blade production in cherts from Gargano (southern Italy) indicates important social aspects and complex management strategies (mining activities, more complex modes of pressure flaking, and specialised distribution networks). However, on the other hand, in the northern Adriatic (Istria, Karst, eastern Po Plain, and Marches), the Neolithic emerged somewhat later, possibly as a result of some form of acculturation. Although available data are still scarce, some evidence suggests that the last Mesolithic groups played an active role in the process of Neolithisation in these areas, where certain Castelnovian traditions have been identified in the lithic production accompanying Impressed Ware (the use of local cherts, lamellar production by indirect percussion, and “simpler” forms of pressure flaking) and in the economy, e.g. importance of fishing.
A cobalt-based coordination polymer with a tripodal carboxylate ligand: synthese, structure and properties
Authors: Tang Long , Nan JiaoWei , Zheng YuFei , Wang JiJiang , Hou XiangYang , Wang Xiao
Published: August 2021

A new cobalt-based coordination polymer (CP), [Co(Htatb)(1,4-bib)]·DMF (1), has been hydrothermally synthesized from CoCl2
·6H2O, 4,4′,4′′-s-triazine-2,4,6-tribenzoic acid (H3tatb), and 1,4-bis(1-imidazoly)benzene (1,4-bib). The product has been characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental and thermogravimetric analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In compound 1, the Htatb ligand links three CoII ions resulting in a double-strand chain structure, further bridged through the 1,4-bib ligands to generate a 2D structure with channels. The fluorescence and cyclovoltammetry characteristics of compound 1 have also been investigated.
Velünk élő afrikai történelem...
Authors: Tarrósy István
Published: August 2021

Tarrósy István a következő művet mutatta be:

Búr Gábor: A szubszaharai Afrika története 1914–1991. Budapest, Kossuth Kiadó, 2011
Identificación de las fake news que se publican en la edición en papel de un diario provincial en la era de la desinformación digital de Trump y el inicio del COVID
Authors: Mula-Grau Jesús , Cambronero-Saiz Belén
Published: August 2021

Las fake news se han convertido en un problema en la sociedad de la información generalista y debe su preeminencia, en buena medida, a la democratización de las redes sociales y a la polarización de fuerzas de distinto índole. Pero más allá de los canales digitales, existe un público, en este caso de corte local-provincial, que sigue las noticias como tradicionalmente ha hecho: principalmente a través de su diario de referencia, en papel. Este trabajo analiza, cuantitativa y cualitativamente, los contenidos relacionados con las fake news aparecidos en la versión impresa del Diario Información, entre el 3 de febrero de 2020, inicio de la campaña electoral en EE UU y la aparición del primer caso de coronavirus en España, dos hechos claros que conducen directamente a noticias en origen o destino falsas, hasta el 21 de enero de 2021, día este último siguiente al inicio de la era Joe Biden. El objetivo es intentar conocer si el acerbo debate y el protagonismo de las fake news en los canales digitales tienen un traslado proporcional a las páginas de este rotativo y si son temas prioritarios para la persona lectora. El estudio deja claro que frente al bombardeo y el ruido en torno a las fake news en el social media, en la prensa de papel predomina una reflexión sosegada, un análisis del problema y una denuncia clara y avalada en contra de este tipo de mensajes. Y lo que es más importante: casi no es noticia para el papel.
Hábitos de consumo de moda a través de influencers en la Generación Z
Authors: Martín Critikián Davinia , Solano Altaba María , Serrano Oceja José Francisco
Published: August 2021

En plena crisis global, surge la primera generación de jóvenes que ha nacido, se ha educado y ha socializado desde su inicio con internet y las redes sociales. La irrupción en la sociedad de la generación Z, los jóvenes nacidos entre los años 1994 y 2010, ha hecho que haya que replantearse como poder captar su atención, ya que son jóvenes que viven en una dinámica de inmediatez, defienden la inclusión y son protagonistas de la economía colaborativa y de la diversidad. El presente trabajo analiza cuales son los hábitos de consumo de esta generación, teniendo como objetivo principal, analizar como los influencers han contribuido en los hábitos de consumo. La investigación que se ha llevado a cabo ha sido de carácter cuantitativo, empleando como técnica la encuesta. Esta se ha realizado en el último trimestre del 2020 a 500 jóvenes españoles con una edad comprendida entre los 10 y 25 años. Los resultados obtenidos resaltan que la importancia de los influencers sobre los hábitos de consumo de la Generación Z, gracias a esto, las marcas tratan de establecer relaciones comerciales con ellos con el fin de conectar mejor con su mercado y su público, para que los influencers transmitan seguridad, transparencia y confianza a cerca de los diferentes productos o servicios que ofrezcan.
Effects of Acute High-Intensity Interval Training on Information Processing Speed
Authors: Kendall Bradley J. , Siekirk Nicholas J. , Lai Qin
Published: August 2021

Kendall, BJ, Siekirk, NJ, and Lai, Q. Effects of acute high-intensity interval training on information processing speed. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3081–3086, 2022—This study investigated the effects of acute exercise on reaction time (RT), premotor time (i.e., central processing), and motor time (i.e., peripheral processing) using surface electromyography to fractionate RT. Fifty-eight young adults (27 men, 31 women) between the age of 18 and 40 years participated in 2 testing sessions. During visit one, subjects performed a simple RT task under regular (i.e., consistent timing) and irregular (i.e., variable timing) foreperiods. Subjects were then randomized to either an aerobic-only high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group (HIIT-A), an aerobic/resistance HIIT group (HIIT-AR), or a resting control group (CG). Both exercise groups performed a 20-minute, digital video disc-delivered HIIT exercise protocol. After exercise or rest, when controlling for cardiovascular fitness, no statistical differences were observed for the regular foreperiod conditions (p > 0.05). For the irregular foreperiod conditions, the HIIT-A group (M = 219.8, SE = 6.5) and the HIIT-AR group (M = 218.2, SE = 5.8) had significantly faster mean RTs than the CG (M = 248.1, SE = 8.1). In addition, the HIIT-A (M = 172.1, SE = 4.6) and HIIT-AR exercise groups (M = 171.3, SE = 4.8) had significantly faster mean PMTs than the CG (M = 189.7, SE = 5.7). These findings suggest that tasks dependent on central processing may benefit from an acute bout of exercise.
ConnectedBio
Authors: Ellis Rebecca , Reichsman Frieda , Mead Louise S. , Smith James J. , McElroy-Brown Kiley , White Peter J. T.
Published: August 2021

Teaching and understanding evolution is challenging because students must synthesize several biological processes that are traditionally taught separately. We developed a set of free online lessons and activities centered on a single evolutionary phenomenon – why deer mice have different fur colors in different subpopulations – to help high school students better understand how these different biological processes, operating at different scales, work together to influence a single organismal trait. Through scaffolded investigations, guiding questions, model building, and pointed analysis, students learn how ecology, cellular biology, molecular biology, genetic inheritance, and population genetics all work together to influence a shift in fur color over time. Using an innovative multilevel simulation, students manipulate and examine these different processes from the population level all the way down to the DNA level. In this article, we describe the lessons and materials we have developed for high school biology students. We outline the learning goals and highlight the major components of the technology and activities in each lesson. We then provide information on how to access our curricular and support materials, and conclude with user feedback from our pilot testing.
Defining Understanding
Authors: Hsu Jeremy L. , Lo Stanley M. , Sato Brian K.
Published: August 2021

Promoting student understanding of biological concepts is a key part of biology education, and the ability to “understand” a concept forms one of the six categories of the oft-used Bloom’s Taxonomy. Despite this, there remains no consensus as to what it means to understand a concept. While several formal definitions have been offered, we investigated how biology instructors and biology education researchers define the term and how they perceived the skill sets needed for a student to understand a concept in the context of assessments. We found that there was no agreement on the definition of understanding, and that responses differed in the cognitive level required to reach “understanding” of a concept. We discuss these findings in the context of Bloom’s Taxonomy and variation theory and provide directions for future inquiries. We conclude by discussing implications for biology instructors and the importance of explicitly conveying expectations to better align student and instructor expectations.
Using Fluorescence in Biotechnology Instruction to Visualize Antibiotic Resistance & DNA
Authors: Hamm Christopher W. , Winburn Sarah F. , Cabeen Matthew T.
Published: August 2021

Fluorescence technology has many useful applications for both research and teaching, among them the detection of fluorescence in live transgenic organisms and of DNA in agarose gels. However, dedicated fluorescence imaging systems can be expensive and complex. We describe a simple apparatus for non-microscopic fluorescence imaging using affordable and readily available parts. We describe three activities of increasing complexity that utilize fluorescence illumination and teach principles of fluorescence. At the high school level, our more advanced activities can be used for lessons addressing NGSS performance expectations in HS-LS3 and HS-LS4.
Miasto-moloch. Trwałe składowe kreacji przestrzeni Łodzi w literaturze do 1939 roku
Authors:   Wydział Filologiczny, Uniwersytet Łódzki, Cieślak Tomasz
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes texts that represent the artistically diverse literary forms which were written in Polish, German, Yiddish, Hebrew and Russian in Łódź before 1939. The author attempts to identify the constitutive elements of the “Łódź text” (based on Toporow’s typography) and seeks similarities in the ways in which space in a modern industrial city is created in the modernist literature. The space of Łódź created before 1939 is discontinuous, transitory, and filled with its anonymous residents, working masses and peddlers. Łódź, like Manchester, London, Chicago and New York, is a modernist colossal urban space of swindle, extortion and degradation that brings chaos and is impenetrable and oppressive. The language of spatial creation in Łódź, the resulting “Łódź text”, reflects its key components – the problems of industrialization and modernity.
Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of particleboard made from Petung bamboo using sucrose-based adhesive
Authors: Widyorini Ragil
Published: August 2021

Bamboo is a potential non-wood lignocellulosic material from which to make particleboard. Sucrose-based adhesive is another potential ingredient, but its use in particleboard has been limited. Addition of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) can be used to increase the bonding ability of sucrose-based adhesive and to reduce the required pressing temperature. Therefore, this research used different pressing temperatures and sucrose/ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) composition ratios to optimize the properties of particleboards. The physical and mechanical properties of the boards were analyzed and compared with the JIS A 5908 (2003) standard for particleboard. The results showed that the interaction of the sucrose-ADP composition ratio and the pressing temperature significantly affected the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards. The particleboard using only sucrose as adhesive had optimum properties at 200 °C; however, after addition of ADP, the intended properties could be achieved at a 160 °C pressing temperature.
On effective computations in subsemigroups of affine Cremona semigroup and implentations of new postquantum multivariate cryptosystems
Authors: Ustimenko Vasyl , Pustovit Oleksandr
Published: August 2021

Multivariate cryptography (MC) together with Latice Based, Hash based, Code based and Superelliptic curves based Cryptographies form list of the main directions of Post Quantum Cryptography.Investigations in the framework of tender of National Institute of Standardisation Technology (the USA) indicates that the potential of classical MC working with nonlinear maps of bounded degree and without the usage of compositions of nonlinear transformation is very restricted. Only special case of Rainbow like Unbalanced Oil and Vinegar digital signatures is remaining for further consideration. The remaining public keys for encryption procedure are not of multivariate. nature. The paper presents large semigroups and groups of transformations of finite affine space of dimension n with the multiple composition property. In these semigroups the composition of n transformations is computable in polynomial time. Constructions of such families are given together with effectively computed homomorphisms between members of the family. These algebraic platforms allow us to define protocols for several generators of subsemigroup of affine Cremona semigroups with several outputs. Security of these protocols rests on the complexity of the word decomposition problem, Finally presented algebraic protocols expanded to cryptosystems of El Gamal type which is not a public key system.
Modeling and animation of spring dynamic absorber
Authors: Ignatyshyn Mykola , Pelekh Yaroslav , Hlynsky Yaroslav , Pakholok Bohdan
Published: August 2021

The investigation of the action of the spring dynamic absorber, as well as the calculation of the physical quantities of the constructed model and animation, was carried out using non-linear methods of the Runge-Kutta type. Using only three references to the right-hand side of the differential equation, a method of the third order of accuracy is constructed, as well as two-sided approximations of the second order of accuracy. An explicit estimate of the error at each point of integration is given.
Construcción de un fermentador para operación en estado sólido y diseño de sistemas de control
Authors: Buitrago H. Gustavo , Ospina M. Patricia , Rengifo L. José Raúl
Published: August 2021

Dentro de las alternativas para tratar la pulpa de café, la fermentación en estado sólido ha sido la más ampliamente estudiada, en procesos como el compost, el ensilaje y más recientemente buscando emplearla como suplemento para alimentación animal, dado el contenido alto de proteína que posee la pulpa.
La reestructuración curricular en la Facultad de Ingeniería
Authors: Sánchez Bolívar Guillermo
Published: August 2021

A principios del año 1987 en la Facultad de Ingeniería se inició la ejecución del Plan de reestructuración y capacitación curricular, el cual tenía como objetivos, reestructurar los currículos de los programas de pregrado y capacitar a los profesores en aspectos curriculares y pedagógicos que les permitieran mejorar su desempeño como docentes.
Métodos regionales de análisis de frecuencia
Authors: González M. Carlos A.
Published: August 2021

Se discute brevemente la importancia del análisis regional. Los métodos tradicionales de análisis regional de frecuencia son descritos aquí, en especial el nuevo método conocido como momentos ponderados de probabilidad (PWM). Otros temas esbozados son: la robustez del método regional PWM comparado con otras técnicas regionales tradicionales, los méritos relativos de estimación de cuantiles, cuando se realiza de forma puntual y de una manera combinada región/puntual y finalmente se analizan las características hidrológicas del Valle del Cauca con respecto a sus estadísticas.
Fabricación de películas delgadas de Cu2 S mediante una reacción de sustitución iónica
Authors: Gordillo Guzmán Gerardo , Pulido Erasmo
Published: August 2021

Se formaron películas delgadas de sulfuro cuproso (Cu2 S) topotaxialmente sobre películas delgadas de sulfuro de cadmio (CdS) mediante una reacción de intercambio de iones de Cu (I) provenientes de una solución de CuCl con iones de Cd(II) de la red de sulfuro de cadmio. Dos tipos diferentes de soluciones de CuCl fueron investigados y los resultados experimentales se evaluaron por medio de medidas de la característica corriente- voltaje (I-V) de las celdas solares de Cu2 S/CdS obtenidas. Eficiencias de conversión de 4.5% se lograron con dichas celdas solares.
Algunas anotaciones y consideraciones tectónicas de los Andes septentrionales
Authors: Cortés del Valle Ricardo
Published: August 2021

El reconocimiento y seguimiento de la falla de Rionegro, localizada en el valle del rio Negro, del flanco oriental de la Cordillera Oriental, despierta algunos interrogantes con respecto a la tectónica local y regional (De la Espriella y Cortés, 1988). La falla de Rionegro, conforma un fenómeno tectónico que evidencia mayor intensidad en las unidades estratigráficas del Paleozoico inferior; sin embargo, aunque con menor espectacularidad, se reconocen desplazamientos y flexuras en rocas postpaleozoicas. El rumbo de esta falla es N40 a 45° W y buzamiento alto (80-90° al sur), el cual, a manera general, coincide con parte del valle actual del río Negro, al suroriente de Bogotá.
Control automático de nitrógeno líquido
Authors: Zárate Mejía Guillermo
Published: August 2021

Se describe un sencillo control electrónico (completamente estado sólido), que permite mantener, automáticamente, niveles apropiados de nitrógeno líquido dentro de un recipiente, tomándolo -cuando sea necesario- de otro depósito mayor.
Educación superior y el desarrollo de ciencia y técnica
Authors: Ospina Torres Alejandro
Published: August 2021

El desarrollo científico y tecnológico constituye un fenómeno socioeconómico que determina la ubicación relativa de las naciones dentro del concierto mundial. Es imperativo romper la dependencia del país en estos campos y aceptar que su futuro debe fincarse en la capacidad de sus gentes para lograr el desarrollo. El desarrollo nacional significa la producción eficaz y eficiente de bienes y servicios, en forma sostenible, que satisfaga las necesidades de los habitantes del país o que, a través de la exportación de excedentes, permita la adquisición en el exterior, de los insumos no producidos internamente. Tal producción se fundamenta en la adecuada utilización de técnicas, las más avanzadas y las más apropiadas al medio especifico de ubicación.
Para lo anterior, si bien hay que aceptar que los desarrollos científicos y tecnológicos pertenecen de manera progresivamente mayor a la comunidad mundial, su apropiación y su adecuación específica deben corresponder a los núcleos locales que se mantienen en la brega del desarrollo nacional. Los esfuerzos que se hagan para reforzar y consolidar los intentos que pretendan tal fin, son inversiones en acciones que reditarán beneficios en el futuro del país.
Proel 5: metodología de diseño
Authors: Vega Márquez Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo busca presentar de una manera breve cómo ha evolucionado el proceso de diseño y construcción de un aerogenerador de 5 kW, como parte del trabajo del equipo de Investigación en Energía Eólica. A partir de una descripción general del equipo, se centra la exposición en la forma como se han calculado los esfuerzos cortantes a lo largo del aspa.
Admirable clarté oder clarté obscure?
Authors: Gärtner Martin
Published: August 2021

Die clarté ist ein zentraler Bestandteil der französischen Sprachdiskussion und gleichzeitig hoch umstritten. Spätestens seit Antoine de Rivarol im Jahre 1784 in seinem Discours sur l’universalité de la langue française die clarté als Grundlage für die Universalität des Französischen ins Feld führte, gilt das Französische als wahrhaft klare Sprache par excellence. Die clarté ist bis heute Bestandteil der französischen Sprachkultur und sprachapologetischer Betrachtungen. Doch es mehren sich die Stimmen, die die clarté nicht mehr als uneingeschränkt gültiges Merkmal des Französischen akzeptieren und den Mythos der clarté und damit auch das génie de la langue française zunehmend infrage stellen. Der Beitrag möchte die Entwicklung des clarté-Begriffs skizzieren und die Argumente beleuchten, die in der Gegenwart für und gegen die clarté ins Feld geführt werden. Ebenso soll aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht der Frage nachgegangen werden, ob Klarheit tatsächlich als eine linguistische Kategorie gelten kann.
Cantando zuglú en español
Authors: Djandué Bi Drombé , Yao Koffi
Published: August 2021

En los últimos decenios, el concepto de interculturalidad se ha abierto camino en numerosos campos, entre los cuales el de la didáctica de las lenguas. El intercambio entre personas de diferentes culturas se ve por lo tanto como un valor imprescindible de la globalización. Paralelamente, el aprendizaje de un nuevo idioma ya no se plantea únicamente en términos de aculturación; también es un modo de inculturación en una mutua influencia entre la cultura de la lengua meta y la propia cultura del usuario. En Costa de Marfil, un país francófono de África subsahariana, la práctica del zuglú en español por estudiantes de ELE representa un buen ejemplo de inculturación lingüística y artística, siendo el zuglú un género musical local interpretado, en este caso, en una lengua extranjera.
Jugando entre la ocultación y la presencia
Authors: Coca Diana
Published: August 2021

Este artículo se basa en la metodología de práctica artística como investigación, que parte de mi producción artística Where is Diana?, una serie de fotoperformances y vídeos realizados entre Beijing, Tijuana y Ciudad de México durante 2013-2015. Consciente de la obsesión por la identidad, con esta propuesta sugiero la hipótesis de si es posible trascender las fronteras físicas e intelectuales. En mi trabajo incluyo la dinámica del reconocimiento de manera paradójica, ya que me presento encapuchada, irreconocible, sin identidad, ubicándome en la frontera, en los márgenes, en el límite y en la precariedad, a través de un cuerpo que traspasa su lugar y transita de lo privado a lo público. Esta perspectiva teórico-práctica tiene en cuenta la perspectiva de género, así como las herramientas conceptuales que ha creado el feminismo para repensar el sujeto femenino y descentrarlo, mediante un desplazamiento hacia lo no hegemónico o predeterminado por la biología. Las características que se definen como masculinas y femeninas deben ser cuestionadas porque su significado es el resultado de una práctica histórica y social que las ha naturalizado artificialmente.

Con esto propongo ejes de resistencia para subvertir las identidades de género y nacionales, que defiendo son fluidas y modificables. Este salir fuera del centro conduciría a la construcción de nuevas subjetividades, creando un marco que amplíe las posibilidades de acción y reconocimiento. Para lograrlo, relaciono mi proceso artístico con la política a través de la reconstrucción de lo sensible en el espacio social, en la forma en que los cuerpos y sus significados actúan en ese espacio. La relación entre arte, política y representación que propongo aquí no tiene que ver con un nivel discursivo, sino que se centra en el gesto artístico y en cómo comunicar los afecto que se imprime en los cuerpos, que tienen una implicación sensorial y política.
Offene Wissenschaft und Wissenschaftspraxis
Authors: Behrens Christoph , Kern Beate , Laorden María Teresa , Lehnert Joris
Published: August 2021

Editorial
Evaluación de desempeño de la mezcla asfáltica modificada con residuos de PVC tipo blíster
Authors: Cajina Cruz Nicole Alexandra , Baldi Alejandra , Camacho Garita Edgar , Aguiar Moya José Pablo
Published: August 2021

La modificación de mezclas asfálticas con polímeros de desecho brinda diversos beneficios. Entre los más importantes se encuentra la optimización del desempeño de la mezcla y el incremento en su vida útil. Esto sin considerar, una reducción en la cantidad de residuos plásticos que no poseen un adecuado manejo de desecho.

El presente artículo muestra los resultados obtenidos de una investigación en donde se incorporó a una mezcla asfáltica un material de desecho tipo blíster (compuesto por polímeros como el PVC) por medio de la vía seca. Método en donde, previo a la adhesión del asfalto, se incorpora a la mezcla el modificante en sustitución de parte del agregado fino. Esto con el propósito de evaluar el desempeño de esta mezcla y comparar su comportamiento mecánico con el de una mezcla convencional.

Para la ejecución del proyecto se caracterizó el modificante (blíster) y se seleccionó el porcentaje adecuado para que el diseño de la mezcla modificada cumpliera con las especificaciones de la metodología Superpave. Con el diseño definido se realizaron los especímenes de ensayo y se evaluó su desempeño con las pruebas de: fatiga a cuatro puntos, rueda de Hamburgo, resistencia retenida a la tensión diametral y módulo dinámico. Como se identificó un adecuado comportamiento de la mezcla modificada, se evaluó su sensibilidad en una estructura de pavimento; identificando en qué capas de la mezcla asfáltica sería conveniente utilizarla.
The effectiveness of galactomyces ferment filtrate, dexpanthenol and Centella asiatica combination serum in the treatment of post-acne hyperpigmentation
Authors: Dewi We Sagara , Kurniadi Ivan , Anwar Anis Irawan
Published: August 2021

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammation of the pilosebaceous gland that may result in both non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions. Post-acne hyperpigmentation (PAH) is caused by a hypermelanotic reaction to skin inflammation. It can occur secondary to the inflammation process and depending on the severity, may persist for a prolonged period.Objective To determine the effectiveness of galactomyces ferment filtrate (GFF), dexpanthenol, and Centella asiatica combination serum in the treatment of PAHMethods: This was a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. There are 68 subjectsÂ  that were divided into two groups: the experimental group received combination serum while the control group received placebo for 8 weeks. Three drops of serum were applied to the area with PAH twice daily in the morning and at night. The melanin, erythema, roughness, and L*, a*, and b* scores were assessed objectively using mexameter, chromameter and skin analyzer for every two weeks. Pearsonâ€™s correlation test and independent T-test were used to assess the trend of the parameters and compare the results of both groups.Results: The results of statistical calculations using Pearson correlation test showed the treatment group showed a significant decreasing trend of the melanin and spots score. Both groups showed significant decreasing trend in erythema, L* score and roughness. However, no significant difference was found between both groups in all parameters.Conclusion: The combination serum may decrease the melanin and spot scores suggesting that it affects the melanocyte activity. It has shown a good efficacy in treating PAH.
Star versions of Hurewicz spaces
Authors: SİNGH Sumit , KOČİNAC Ljubiša D. R.
Published: August 2021

A space $X$ is said to have the set star Hurewicz property if for each nonempty subset $A$ of $X$ and each sequence $(\mathcal{U}_n: n\in \mathbb{N})$ of collections of sets open in $X$ such that for each $n\in \mathbb N$, $\overline{A} \subset \cup \mathcal{U}_n$, there is a sequence $(\mathcal{V}_n: n \in \mathbb{N})$ such that for each $n \in \mathbb{N}$, $\mathcal{V}_n$ is a finite subset of $\mathcal{U}_n$ and for each $x \in A$, $x \in {\rm St}(\cup\mathcal{V}_n, \mathcal{U}_n)$ for all but finitely many $n$. In this paper, we investigate the relationships among set star Hurewicz, set strongly star Hurewicz and other related covering properties and study the topological properties of these topological spaces.