bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In‐situ leakage detection of single bag filter in baghouse based on the resistance change of conductive polymer fibers
Authors: He Weidong , Guo Yinghe , Shen Ruiqing , Dai Feng , Zhou Xiaotong , Liu Jingxian
Published: July 2023

Baghouse is effective for controlling the particles emitted from industrial production, and the in‐situ leakage detection of a single bag filter is essential for maintaining the high filtration performance of the whole baghouse. In the present study, the changes of PM emission concentration induced by the leakage of the bag filter materials was studied. The results showed that the concentration of particles in the size range of 20–1000 nm significantly increased when the bag filter sample had three holes with a diameter of ~500 μm. In order to prevent the loss induced by the leakage of bag filter, a resistance sensing method was developed to detect the early leakage of single bag filter. The effectiveness of proposed sensing method was verified by detecting the leakage of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bag filter. A sensing grid made of PMMA conductive threads was embedded in the PMMA bag filter, and the resistance change (ΔR) induced by the broken of sensing grid was used as sensing signal. The ΔR of sensing grid was 3.24, 3.31, and 3.05 Ω, respectively, when the bag filter failed due to the mechanical stress, chemical corrosion, and thermal erosion. Moreover, a model was proposed to predict the numbers of broken conductive PMMA threads that could indicate the damage area of the failed bag filter.
Pervaporative poly(vinyl alcohol)/H‐β zeolite mixed matrix membranes for dewatering C2–C3 alcohols
Authors: Wang Ji‐Ting , Huang Zhen , Zhu Ya‐Tong , Wang Si‐Ning
Published: July 2023

In present work, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and porous H‐β zeolite have been thoroughly studied for concentrating ethanol, n‐propanol and isopropanol aqueous solutions via dewatering pervaporation. The effects of the zeolite content, feed composition and temperature on pervaporation flux/separation factor and permeance/selectivity are examined in detail for three alcohols. Experimental results show the H‐β zeolite addition has achieved more pronounced permeation flux and better separation efficiency than pure PVA counterpart, mainly attributed to the zeolitic pore size and hydrophilic feature. The MMMs have led to satisfactory permeation flux and separation factor and these results may be analyzed from the perspectives of the driving force, Hansen solubility parameter parameters and Flory–Huggins interaction parameter. The separation factor generally follows the sequence of isopropanol > n‐propanol > ethanol according to the reverse order of their molecular sizes and polarities. The MMM of 20 wt% zeolite loading has performed stably over 144 h at 60°C, and achieved separation factors of 1204, 1391, and 1645 and total fluxes of 719, 702, and 684 g/m2 h from the 10 wt% water feed for isopropanol, n‐propanol and ethanol, respectively. Therefore, the PVA/H‐β zeolite MMMs are technologically promising for alcohol dehydration applications.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel functionalized silica/polyacrylamide composite for advanced water‐based drilling design
Authors: Koh Jin Kwei , Lai Chin Wei , Johan Mohd Rafie , Gan Sin Seng , Chua Wei Wei
Published: July 2023

Polyacrylamide (PAM) has become a potential additive in drilling, but it has limitations in terms of viscosity, fluid loss, and bored pile stability concerns. Previous rheological studies have reported silica (SiO2) usage in PAM modification. However, there is insufficient rheological information such as plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, yield point, and gel strength. Herein, this research investigates the effects of SiO2 in PAM with comprehensive rheological data. The morphological properties of SiO2 were analyzed. Compared with bare PAM, modified PAM demonstrated distinct chemical structures, but both were hydrophilic fluids. Moreover, an undulated trend was observed in the rheological results of all modified PAM for all concentrations of SiO2 and all the selected temperatures. However, all modified PAM showed better rheological performance than bare PAM. Consequently, 0.5 wt% SiO2 is a promising formulation for PAM modification, which can even be simulated in the performance of the bored pile drilling. For thermal stability, the rheological performance of bare PAM and modified PAM performed better at 60 and 40°C, respectively.
An atypical presentation of hypothyroidism with extremely exaggerated functional impairment
Authors: Arezoumand Alireza , Nazari Sahar , Jazi Kimia , Bagherzade Mohammad , Riahi Mohammad Mehdi , AkbariMehr Melika , Kanganee Narges , Masoumi Maryam
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical Message

Myopathy‐related symptoms are rare manifestations of hypothyroidism. Clinicians should consider hypothyroid myopathy as one of the possible diagnoses for patients with proximal weaknesses.

Myopathy‐related symptoms are rare manifestations of hypothyroidism. Clinicians should consider hypothyroid myopathy as one of the possible diagnoses for patients with proximal weaknesses. We report a 34‐year‐old woman, presenting with a new atypical musculoskeletal manifestation of hypothyroidism mimicking polymyositis.
Phenology and foraging bias contribute to sex‐specific foraging patterns in the rare declining butterfly Argynnis idalia idalia
Authors: Chmielewski Matthew W. , Naya Skyler , Borghi Monica , Cortese Jen , Fernie Alisdair R. , Swartz Mark T. , Zografou Konstantina , Sewall Brent J. , Spigler Rachel B.
Published: July 2023

Variation in pollinator foraging behavior can influence pollination effectiveness, community diversity, and plant–pollinator network structure. Although effects of interspecific variation have been widely documented, studies of intraspecific variation in pollinator foraging are relatively rare. Sex‐specific differences in resource use are a strong potential source of intraspecific variation, especially in species where the phenology of males and females differ. Differences may arise from encountering different flowering communities, sex‐specific traits, nutritional requirements, or a combination of these factors. We evaluated sex‐specific foraging patterns in the eastern regal fritillary butterfly (Argynnis idalia idalia), leveraging a 21‐year floral visitation dataset. Because A. i. idalia is protandrous, we determined whether foraging differences were due to divergent phenology by comparing visitation patterns between the entire season with restricted periods of male–female overlap. We quantified nectar carbohydrate and amino acid contents of the most visited plant species and compared those visited more frequently by males versus females. We demonstrate significant differences in visitation patterns between male and female A. i. idalia over two decades. Females visit a greater diversity of species, while dissimilarity in foraging patterns between sexes is persistent and comparable to differences between species. While differences are diminished or absent in some years during periods of male–female overlap, remaining signatures of foraging dissimilarity during implicate mechanisms other than phenology. Nectar of plants visited more by females had greater concentrations of total carbohydrates, glucose, and fructose and individual amino acids than male‐associated plants. Further work can test whether nutritional differences are a cause of visitation patterns or consequence, reflecting seasonal shifts in the nutritional landscape encountered by male and female A. i. idalia. We highlight the importance of considering sex‐specific foraging patterns when studying interaction networks, and in making conservation management decisions for this at‐risk butterfly and other species exhibiting strong intraspecific variation.
Mechanical properties and durability of fiber reinforced geopolymer composites: A review on recent progress
Authors: Qin Lingling , Yan Jiahao , Zhou Mengya , Liu Huai , Wang Aiguo , Zhang Wei , Duan Ping , Zhang Zuhua
Published: July 2023

Geopolymer concrete has similar mechanical properties to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete, and even better properties in high temperature, high corrosion environment. However, geopolymer still has the disadvantages of large shrinkage and high brittleness, which greatly limit its application. Fiber reinforcement is widely used in various geopolymer systems to overcome the brittleness issue, but still retains the high strength. Over the past 10 years, great progress has been made in the research of fiber reinforced geopolymers in the aspect of toughening efficiency and durability improvement. Many studies have been conducted on fiber reinforced geopolymers, but there are still few systematic summaries on the addition of inorganic fibers and organic fibers to geopolymers. What is more there are many novel studies such as the application of geopolymers to 3D printing and the new concept of fiber factor have not been reviewed. In this paper, inorganic fibers, natural fibers and synthetic fibers in geopolymers are briefly reviewed, and their specific effects on geopolymers' compressive, flexural, tensile strength, fracture toughness, shear strength and durability such as shrinkage, chemical resistance, freeze–thaw resistance are reviewed. The current understanding of bonding mechanism and fiber‐geopolymer interface are also discussed, and related knowledge gaps and future work challenges are correspondingly pointed out.
Validation of a 3D‐Printed Percutaneous Injection Laryngoplasty Simulator: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kostas Julianna C. , Lee Andrew S. , Arunkumar Amit , Han Catherine , Lee Mark , Goel Alexander N. , Alrassi James , Crosby Tyler , Clark Christine M. , Amin Milan , Abu‐Ghanem Sara , Kirke Diana , Rameau Anaïs
Published: July 2023

Objective

Simulation may be a valuable tool in training laryngology office procedures on unsedated patients. However, no studies have examined whether existing awake procedure simulators improve trainee performance in laryngology. Our objective was to evaluate the transfer validity of a previously published 3D‐printed laryngeal simulator in improving percutaneous injection laryngoplasty (PIL) competency compared with conventional educational materials with a single‐blinded randomized controlled trial.

Methods

Otolaryngology residents with fewer than 10 PIL procedures in their case logs were recruited. A pretraining survey was administered to participants to evaluate baseline procedure‐specific knowledge and confidence. The participants underwent block randomization by postgraduate year to receive conventional educational materials either with or without additional training with a 3D‐printed laryngeal simulator. Participants performed PIL on an anatomically distinct laryngeal model via trans‐thyrohyoid and trans‐cricothyroid approaches. Endoscopic and external performance recordings were de‐identified and evaluated by two blinded laryngologists using an objective structured assessment of technical skill scale and PIL‐specific checklist.

Results

Twenty residents completed testing. Baseline characteristics demonstrate no significant differences in confidence level or PIL experience between groups. Senior residents receiving simulator training had significantly better respect for tissue during the trans‐thyrohyoid approach compared with control (p < 0.0005). There were no significant differences in performance for junior residents.

Conclusions

In this first transfer validity study of a simulator for office awake procedure in laryngology, we found that a previously described low‐cost, high‐fidelity 3D‐printed PIL simulator improved performance of PIL amongst senior otolaryngology residents, suggesting this accessible model may be a valuable educational adjunct for advanced trainees to practice PIL.

Level of Evidence

NA Laryngoscope, 134:318–323, 2024
Disruption Index in Otolaryngology: Uncovering a Bibliometric History of a Rapidly Evolving Field
Authors: Sheth Amar H. , Hengartner Astrid , Abdou Hisham , Salehi Parsa P. , Becerra Adan Z. , Lerner Michael Z.
Published: July 2023

Objectives

As the volume of research publications in the field of otolaryngology has increased, so has the need to qualify articles through bibliometric analyses to identify the most important and impactful work in the field. Herein, we aim to identify the 100 most disruptive articles in ENT over a 60‐year period and examine how disruption index (DI) compares with other bibliometrics in identifying impactful works in the field.

Methods

In this cross‐sectional bibliometric analysis, articles published between 1954 and 2014 in commonly referenced otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery (OHNS) journals were queried in PubMed. Publications were characterized by DI, journal, subspecialty discipline, and status as an impactful article in the field as determined by other bibliometrics such as citation count, the “Sleeping Beauty Index,” and those derived by the modified Delphi process.

Results

Of the 122,094 articles queried, 67,561 (55.3%) had available citation count as well as disruption score data, meeting inclusion criteria. The most represented subspecialty disciplines within the top 100 most disruptive articles were Otology/Neurotology (28%), General (Comprehensive) (27%), Head and Neck Surgery (12%), and Laryngology (11%). Fifty percent of articles identified as Sleeping Beauties and impactful via modified Delphi approach had scores in the top 86th percentile.

Conclusion

DI in otolaryngology can be appreciated as an added dimension to existing indices and can unearth seminal research, which serve as early foundations of evidence‐based management in the field of OHNS today.

Level of Evidence

NA Laryngoscope, 134:629–636, 2024
Management of odontogenic foci of infection (dental caries, periodontal disease and odontogenic infections) in the oral functional management of patients receiving cancer treatments: Guidelines based on a systematic review
Authors: Kurita Hiroshi , Umeda Masahiro , Ueno Takaaki , Uzawa Narikazu , Shibuya Yasuyuki , Nakamura Norifumi , Nagatsuka Hitoshi , Hayashi Takafumi , Mizoguch Itaru , Tomihara Kei , Ikegami Yumiko , Noguchi Kazuma , Takiguchi Yuichi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Sakai Hironori
Published: July 2023

In cancer treatment, perioperative oral functional management is used as a part of supportive care. Its main objectives are as follows: (1) preventing and reducing adverse events, (2) maintaining or improving nutritional status, (3) improving cancer treatment outcomes, (4) maintaining or improving quality of life, (5) providing high quality medical care through comprehensive oral care, (6) controlling odontogenic foci of infection, and (7) maintaining or improving oral function. A literature search was conducted using the electronic databases of Medical Journal and PubMed. Electronic database searches were performed using various combinations of the following key words: cancer, surgery, treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and dental disease, oral care, oral management, dental intervention, oral health, dental care, and dental management. The selection of literature for inclusion in the review was restricted to dental management of patients receiving cancer treatment. In the course of the literature review, hand searches were also added as needed. The guideline was developed by summarizing the results of the review. Based on a review of the literature on the management of dental foci of infection in the oral functional management of patients undergoing cancer treatment, a guideline was developed by summarizing the results of the review. This report is a secondary publication of our previous review report “J. Stomatol. Soc. 70(4): 279–289. Dec 2021.”
Portable manipulation system for commercial robotic surgery forceps
Authors: Yazıcı Mustafa V. , Koçak Mertcan , Oztan Mustafa O. , Gezgin Erkin
Published: July 2023

Background

Transition from the utilisation of traditional instruments to new robotic methodologies in surgical operations occurs rapidly. Although the implementation of these methodologies to classical surgery operations is advantageous due to increased precisions and enhanced motion capabilities of robotic systems, overall worldwide accessibility and adaptation are still limited due to high equipment costs and special infrastructure requirements.

Methodology

The design of four degrees of freedom low cost, compact and portable manipulation system was proposed to allow the utilisation of commercial robotic surgery forceps like a conventional laparoscopy instrument without the necessity of bulky manipulation systems.

Results

The structural design of the system was carried out along with necessary kinematic and coupled motion analysis. Prototypes were constructed. Hardware verification of the system was executed using implemented control methodology.

Conclusions

The proposed design successfully demonstrated the advantages of multi degree of freedom robotic surgery forceps in a portable handheld system compared to classical laparoscopy instruments.
A case of epiglottic entrapment in a cat
Authors: Arbona Diana Victoria , Pratt Chap , Tearney Caitlin , Istvan Stephanie
Published: July 2023

Objective

The objective of this study was to describe a case of epiglottic entrapment in a cat.

Case Summary

A 5‐month‐old male neutered Russian Blue cat was evaluated for progressive stertorous upper airway sounds, acute onset vestibulopathy and abnormal laryngeal anatomy. Endotracheal intubation was only able to be achieved using videoscopic guidance and identified concern for severe nasopharyngeal stenosis. A computerized tomography scan revealed otitis interna, narrowed nasopharynx and no definitive cause for the stertorous breathing. The cat recovered very slowly from anaesthesia due to concern for airway obstruction following extubation. It was discharged the following day and then passed away at home 2 weeks later. Necropsy revealed that the epiglottis was obscured by 2 cm of redundant mucosal tissue extending from the base of the tongue to the larynx resulting in epiglottic entrapment. Also noted was chronic, severe otitis interna and externa. Upper airway obstruction is suspected to be the cause of sudden death.

New or Unique Information

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of these oropharyngeal anatomic abnormalities in a cat.
Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Automatic Detection of Peri-implant Marginal Bone Remodeling in Intraoral Radiographs
Authors: Vera María , Gómez-Silva María José , Vera Vicente , López-González Clara I. , Aliaga Ignacio , Gascó Esther , Vera-González Vicente , Pedrera-Canal María , Besada-Portas Eva , Pajares Gonzalo
Published: July 2023

Peri-implantitis can cause marginal bone remodeling around implants. The aim is to develop an automatic image processing approach based on two artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in intraoral (periapical and bitewing) radiographs to assist dentists in determining bone loss. The first is a deep learning (DL) object-detector (YOLOv3) to roughly identify (no exact localization is required) two objects: prosthesis (crown) and implant (screw). The second is an image understanding-based (IU) process to fine-tune lines on screw edges and to identify significant points (intensity bone changes, intersections between screw and crown). Distances between these points are used to compute bone loss. A total of 2920 radiographs were used for training (50%) and testing (50%) the DL process. The mAP@0.5 metric is used for performance evaluation of DL considering periapical/bitewing and screws/crowns in upper and lower jaws, with scores ranging from 0.537 to 0.898 (sufficient because DL only needs an approximation). The IU performance is assessed with 50% of the testing radiographs through the t test statistical method, obtaining p values of 0.0106 (line fitting) and 0.0213 (significant point detection). The IU performance is satisfactory, as these values are in accordance with the statistical average/standard deviation in pixels for line fitting (2.75/1.01) and for significant point detection (2.63/1.28) according to the expert criteria of dentists, who establish the ground-truth lines and significant points. In conclusion, AI methods have good prospects for automatic bone loss detection in intraoral radiographs to assist dental specialists in diagnosing peri-implantitis.
Cissus quadrangularis L extract-loaded tricalcium phosphate reinforced natural polymer composite for guided bone regeneration
Authors: Liao Lele , Zhu Weihong , Tao Cheng , Li Ding , Mao Minzhi
Published: July 2023

Natural medicines plants are significant considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents for bone tissue engineering. Cissus quadrangularis L (CQ). is a potent therapeutic plant known for its own osteogenic properties. In this research work, a phytoconstituents-filled composite was produced by incorporating CQ extract with gelatin (Gel) and pectin (Pec) polymers collective through β- tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bioceramic via a green template method. The effect of CQ-filled composite morphology and chemical structural properties, in vitro cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, and differentiation was investigated. FTIR spectroscopic results indicated the prepared materials’ structural confirmation. The CQ extract was the alcoholic -OH merge with the hydroxyl and -NH groups in the range of 3000 cm−1 to 3500 cm−1. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the β-TCP ceramic was perfectly embedded in Gel-Pec polymeric matrix, which is important for bone regeneration. In vitro cell culture results indicated that β-TCP/Gel-Pec/CQ composite provided 92.0% of a favorable substrate for mesenchymal stem cell viability. The gene expression and RT-PCR studies represent the materials with good osteogenic expression, especially the β-TCP/Gel-Pec/CQ composite is observed at 168.0% and 188.0% for RUNx2 and OCN, respectively. The result of the physicochemical characterizations and cell viability studies suggest that CQ-loaded β-TCP/Gel-Pec composite can serve as a potential biomaterial for bone tissue repair and regeneration.

Graphical Abstract
Modification of flow transition for a vortex ring by a bubble released at the axis
Authors: Zhang Lingxin , Deng Jian , Shao Xueming
Published: July 2023

The interactions between a vortex ring and a gas bubble released at the axis are studied numerically, which shed light on understanding more complicated bubble–turbulence coupling. We fix the Reynolds number at

$Re_{\tau }=7500$

and consider various Weber numbers in the range of

$We=130\unicode{x2013}870$

. We find that the translating speed of the vortex ring is substantially lower than the case of the vortex ring without a bubble. It is explained with two different mechanisms, depending on the Weber number. In the low-

$We$

range, the reduction of translating speed of the ring is due to the capture of bubbles into the ring core, leading to significant changes in the vorticity distribution within the core. In the high-

$We$

range, the repeatedly generated secondary vortex rings perturb the primary one, which bring about an earlier flow transition, thereby reducing the translating speed of the vortex ring. On the other hand, the evolution of a gas bubble is also affected by the presence of the vortex ring. In the low-

$We$

range, we observe binary breakup of the bubble after it is captured by the primary vortex ring. In contrast, in the high-

$We$

range, it is interesting to find that the bubble experiences sequentially stretching, spreading and breakup stages. In the high-

$We$

range, the numbers of smaller bubbles predicted by the classical Rayleigh–Plateau instability of a stretched cylindrical bubble agree well with our numerical simulations. Consistent with the previous experiments, this number keeps unchanged at 16 as

$We$

further increases. An additional comparison is made between two higher Reynolds numbers, indicating that the finer eddies in a vortical field with a higher Reynolds number tend to tear the bubble into more fragments.
Kinematic and dynamic analysis of a 4-DOF over-constraint parallel driving mechanism with planar sub-closed chains
Authors: Huang Yangyang , Zhang Jinzhu , Xiong Xiaoyan , Liu Shengxiang
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a new over-constrained parallel driving mechanism (PDM) with planar sub-closed chains is proposed. First, the number of over-constraints on the PDM is calculated. Then, an analysis is conducted as to the kinematics of the hybrid manipulator, including positions, velocities, and accelerations of all bodies. Furthermore, the Newton–Euler approach is taken to deduce the kinematic formula of each link and the formula of inertial force at the center of mass. However, it remains difficult to solve the equation since the number of equations is smaller than that of unknown variables. To solve this problem, the screw theory is applied in the present study to analyze the cause of over-constraints, with the link’s elastic deformation introduced as the supplement of deformation compatibility equations. Moreover, the actuation forces and constrained forces/moments are calculated simultaneously. Finally, the dynamic model is verified through simulation and experimentation. The proposed modeling approach provides a fundamental basis for the structural optimization and friction force computation of the over-constrained PDM.
Retrospective evaluation of an integrated molecular-epidemiological approach to cyclosporiasis outbreak investigations – United States, 2021
Authors: Ahart Lauren , Jacobson David , Rice Marion , Richins Travis , Peterson Anna , Zheng Yueli , Barratt Joel , Cama Vitaliano , Qvarnstrom Yvonne , Montgomery Susan , Straily Anne
Published: July 2023

Cyclosporiasis results from an infection of the small intestine by Cyclospora parasites after ingestion of contaminated food or water, often leading to gastrointestinal distress. Recent developments in temporally linking genetically related Cyclospora isolates demonstrated effectiveness in supporting epidemiological investigations. We used ‘temporal-genetic clusters’ (TGCs) to investigate reported cyclosporiasis cases in the United States during the 2021 peak-period (1 May – 31 August 2021). Our approach split 655 genotyped isolates into 55 genetic clusters and 31 TGCs. We linked two large multi-state epidemiological clusters (Epidemiologic Cluster 1 [n = 136 cases, 54 genotyped] and Epidemiologic Cluster 2 [n = 42 cases, 15 genotyped]) to consumption of lettuce varieties; however, product traceback did not identify a specific product for either cluster due to the lack of detailed product information. To evaluate the utility of TGCs, we performed a retrospective case study comparing investigation outcomes of outbreaks first detected using epidemiological methods with those of the same outbreaks had TGCs been used to first detect them. Our study results indicate that adjustments to routine epidemiological approaches could link additional cases to epidemiological clusters of cyclosporiasis. Overall, we show that CDC’s integrated genotyping and epidemiological investigations provide valuable insights into cyclosporiasis outbreaks in the United States.
A high-resolution large-scale dataset of pathological and normal white blood cells
Authors: Bodzas Alexandra , Kodytek Pavel , Zidek Jan
Published: July 2023

Microscopic examination plays a significant role in the initial screening for a variety of hematological, as well as non-hematological, diagnoses. Microscopic blood smear examination that is considered a key diagnostic technique, is in recent clinical practice still performed manually, which is not only time consuming, but can lead to human errors. Although automated and semi-automated systems have been developed in recent years, their high purchasing and maintenance costs make them unaffordable for many medical institutions. Even though much research has been conducted lately to explore more accurate and feasible solutions, most researchers had to deal with a lack of medical data. To address the lack of large-scale databases in this field, we created a high-resolution dataset containing a total of 16027 annotated white blood cells. Moreover, the dataset covers overall 9 types of white blood cells, including clinically significant pathological findings. Since we used high-quality acquisition equipment, the dataset provides one of the highest quality images of blood cells, achieving an approximate resolution of 42 pixels per 1 μm.
Increased glutamate and glutamine levels and their relationship to astrocytes and dopaminergic transmissions in the brains of adults with autism
Authors: Oya Masaki , Matsuoka Kiwamu , Kubota Manabu , Fujino Junya , Tei Shisei , Takahata Keisuke , Tagai Kenji , Yamamoto Yasuharu , Shimada Hitoshi , Seki Chie , Itahashi Takashi , Aoki Yuta Y. , Ohta Haruhisa , Hashimoto Ryu-ichiro , Sugihara Genichi , Obata Takayuki , Zhang Ming-Rong , Suhara Tetsuya , Nakamura Motoaki , Kato Nobumasa , Takado Yuhei , Takahashi Hidehiko , Higuchi Makoto
Published: July 2023

Increased excitatory neuronal tones have been implicated in autism, but its mechanism remains elusive. The amplified glutamate signals may arise from enhanced glutamatergic circuits, which can be affected by astrocyte activation and suppressive signaling of dopamine neurotransmission. We tested this hypothesis using magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography scan with 11C-SCH23390 for dopamine D1 receptors in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). We enrolled 18 male adults with high-functioning autism and 20 typically developed (TD) male subjects. The autism group showed elevated glutamate, glutamine, and myo-inositol (mI) levels compared with the TD group (p = 0.045, p = 0.044, p = 0.030, respectively) and a positive correlation between glutamine and mI levels in the ACC (r = 0.54, p = 0.020). In autism and TD groups, ACC D1 receptor radioligand binding was negatively correlated with ACC glutamine levels (r =  − 0.55, p = 0.022; r =  − 0.58, p = 0.008, respectively). The enhanced glutamate-glutamine metabolism might be due to astroglial activation and the consequent reinforcement of glutamine synthesis in autistic brains. Glutamine synthesis could underly the physiological inhibitory control of dopaminergic D1 receptor signals. Our findings suggest a high neuron excitation-inhibition ratio with astrocytic activation in the etiology of autism.
Anticancer activity of Ni(ii) and Zn(ii) complexes based on new unsymmetrical salophen-type ligands: synthesis, characterization and single-crystal X-ray diffraction
Authors: Villaman David , Vega Andrés , Santa Maria de la Parra Lucía , León Ignacio E. , Levín Pedro , Toro Patricia M.
Published: July 2023

Synthesis and characterization of new Ni(ii)/Zn(ii) complexes based on asymmetric salophen-type ligands as potent anticancer agents against to MG-63, HCT-116 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines.
A simple and straightforward strategy for expedient access to benzoxazoles using chemically engineered 2D magnetic graphene oxide nanosheets as an eco-compatible catalyst
Authors: Sharma Aditi , Sharma Shivani , Dutta Sriparna , Yadav Sneha , Dixit Ranjana , Arora Bhavya , Mehta Shilpa , Srivastava Anju , Sharma Rakesh K.
Published: July 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide nanosheets serve as an excellent support material for immobilizing Cu-DHA complex which demonstrated excellent catalytic efficacy in the synthesis of benzoxazole moieties.
Efficient oxygen evolution reaction from iron-molybdenum nitride/molybdenum oxide heterostructured composites
Authors: Wang Aijian , Dou Yuqin , Yang Xin , Wang Qi , Sudi M. Shire , Zhao Long , Shang Danhong , Zhu Weihua , Ren Jinshen
Published: July 2023

The as-prepared iron-molybdenum nitride/molybdenum oxide heterostructured composites under optimum conditions demonstrate excellent electrocatalytic performance toward OER, which exceeds that of most previously reported electrocatalytic systems.
Histamine-bound magnesium porphyrins: diverse coordination modes, inhibitory role in photodegradation of chlorophyll a and antioxidant activity
Authors: Choudhury Abdul K. , Sarkar Rudra , Bhuyan Jagannath
Published: July 2023

The crystal structure of two histamine-bound magnesium porphyrins is reported which doesn't undergo photodegradation in the presence of oxygen and light. The histamine-bound complexes also have enhanced antioxidant activity.
2-Chloroethylamine·trifluoromethanesulfonate combined with 18-crown-6: a ferroelectric with excellent dielectric switching properties
Authors: Song Ning , Ying Ting-Ting , Tan Yu-Hui , Tang Yun-Zhi , Liao Juan , Wang Li-Juan , Wang Fang-Xin , Wan Ming-Yang
Published: July 2023

A new type of 18-crown ether-6-based molecular ferroelectric [NH3C2H4Cl(18-crown-6)](CF3SO3) (1) undergoes a ferroelectric phase transition at 255 K and exhibits a flexible switchable SHG effect.1has a polarization valuePsof 1.25 μC cm−2.
Catching up with tetrazines: coordination of Re(i) to 1,2,4-triazine facilitates an inverse electron demand Diels–Alder reaction with strained alkynes to a greater extent than in corresponding 1,2,4,5-tetrazines
Authors: Sims Mark , Kyriakou Sotiris , Matthews Aidan , Deary Michael E. , Kozhevnikov Valery N.
Published: July 2023

Coordination of Re(i) to a 1,2,4-triazine ring speeds up the inverse electron demand Diels–Alder reaction with bicyclooctyne by a factor of 55. This coordination effect is more profound in 1,2,4-triazines than in corresponding 1,2,4,5-tetrazines.
A novel chiral oxazoline copper(ii)-based complex inhibits ovarian cancer growthin vitroandin vivoby regulating VEGF/VEGFR2 downstream signaling pathways and apoptosis factors
Authors: Fan Rong , Wei Jing-chen , Xu Bing-Bing , Jin Nan , Gong Xiao-Yi , Qin Xiu-Ying
Published: July 2023

An oxazoline-coordinated copper complex regulates the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway and apoptosis-related factors to resist ovarian cancerin vivoandin vitro.
Clubs et Commissions, les forces vives de la SFO
Authors: Boulanger Benoît , Levenson Juan Ariel
Published: July 2023

Fêter le quarantième anniversaire de la SFO ne peut se concevoir sans célébrer ses Clubs et Commissions qui sont les forces vives de notre société savante. Cet article présente une description synthétique des Clubs aux profils variés, tout en montrant leurs complémentarités. Il introduit aussi nos Commissions, véritables fer de lances des valeurs d’inclusion, de diffusion des savoirs et de mutualisation qui fondent notre SFO.
L’imagerie spectrale pour l’agriculture et les sciences végétales
Authors: Fournier Antoine , Romann Julien , Drean Eric , Tregoat Denis , Perrin Stéphane
Published: July 2023

L’imagerie spectrale est un concept d’acquisition optique combinant l’imagerie numérique et la spectroscopie. En constante évolution, cette technique peut être basée sur différentes solutions instrumentales et apporte des solutions à de multiples problématiques, notamment en sciences végétales ou en agriculture de précision.
An autoantigen profile from Jurkat T-Lymphoblasts provides a molecular guide for investigating autoimmune sequelae of COVID-19
Authors: Wang Julia Y. , Zhang Wei , Roehrl Michael W. , Roehrl Victor B. , Roehrl Michael H.
Published: July 2023

In order to understand autoimmune phenomena contributing to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome, we have been profiling autoantigens (autoAgs) from various cell types. Although cells share numerous autoAgs, each cell type gives rise to unique COVID-altered autoAg candidates, which may explain the wide range of symptoms experienced by patients with autoimmune sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on the unifying property of affinity between autoAgs and the glycosaminoglycan dermatan sulfate (DS), this paper reports 140 candidate autoAgs identified from proteome extracts of human Jurkat T-cells, of which at least 105 (75%) are known targets of autoantibodies. Comparison with currently available multi-omic COVID-19 data shows that 125 (89%) DS-affinity proteins are altered at protein and/or RNA levels in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells or patients, with at least 94 being known autoAgs in a wide spectrum of autoimmune diseases and cancer. Protein alterations by ubiquitination and phosphorylation during the viral infection are major contributors of autoAgs. The autoAg protein network is significantly associated with cellular response to stress, apoptosis, RNA metabolism, mRNA processing and translation, protein folding and processing, chromosome organization, cell cycle, and muscle contraction. The autoAgs include clusters of histones, CCT/TriC chaperonin, DNA replication licensing factors, proteasome and ribosome proteins, heat shock proteins, serine/arginine-rich splicing factors, 14-3-3 proteins, and cytoskeletal proteins. AutoAgs, such as LCP1 and NACA, that are altered in the T cells of COVID patients may provide insight into T-cell responses to viral infection and merit further study. The autoantigen-ome from this study contributes to a comprehensive molecular map for investigating acute, subacute, and chronic autoimmune disorders caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Emergence of topological and spin valley hallmarks in buckled Xene bilayers
Authors: Rahman Zia Ur , Rehman Majeed Ur , Kiani Maryam , Ullah Naeem
Published: July 2023

A subclass of two-dimensional materials with honeycomb structure, namely buckled Xene monolayers, are efficient for topological applications due to varying degrees of buckling in their lattice structure and have received a significant revival of interest in the last few years. However, to-date, less attention, as compared to, planer Xene bilayers has been assigned to the buckled Xene bilayers. The buckled Xene bilayers can offer a unique platform to study transport properties in bilayer systems. In this study, we explore the unknown topological behaviour of buckled Xene bilayers by exploiting the space inversion and time-reversal (TR) symmetries in these solids. In order to exploit the underline symmetries, we use light irradiation, layered antiferromagnetic exchange magnetization and vertical electric field as an external means. By mixing these three ingredients in a proper way, we achieve various topological phases in bilayers of buckled Xene solids, including TR-broken quantum spin Hall insulator, photo-induced quantum Hall insulator, photo-induced spin-polarized quantum Hall insulator, and quantum spin-valley Hall insulator. Furthermore, we establish a topological phase diagram and identify a topological domain wall in buckled Xene bilayers when subjected to circularly polarized light and gated voltage, which opens up possibilities for the propagation of perfectly valley-polarized channels.
Thermodynamic, transport, and radiation properties of HFO-1336mzz(E) mixtures as eco-friendly SF6 alternatives
Authors: Zhang Boya , Deng Junwei , Wang Sunsiqin , Cao Minchuan , Zhou Ran , Wang Guanyu , Li Xingwen , Tang Nian
Published: July 2023

HFO-1336mzz(E) is proposed as a novel alternative to SF6 due to its low greenhouse effect and high insulation strength. Typically, it is mixed with CO2 or Air to lower its boiling point to meet the minimum operating temperature. To better understand the thermophysical properties of the gases’ arcing plasma, the composition, thermodynamic properties, transport properties, and net emission coefficient of 30% molar fraction of HFO-1336mzz(E) mixed with CO2 or Air at temperatures from 300 K to 30 000 K at 0.12 MPa are calculated. It is found that HFO-1336mzz(E) mixtures have similar turbulent energy dissipation and thermal interruption capability to the pure SF6. Analysis of radiation characteristics demonstrates that the HFO-1336mzz(E) mixtures at 0.12 MPa exhibit stronger radiation emission compared to SF6 at 0.1 MPa, which indicates good arc radiation dissipation capabilities within such mixtures. This study reports the properties of thermal plasma of HFO-1336mzz(E) mixtures for the first time. These findings not only provide fundamental data for further magneto-hydro-dynamic calculations for arcing process but also put forward the potential application of these mixtures as arc interruption medium in medium voltage switchgears.
First-principles investigation of stable lead-free halide perovskite materials CsSnCl
x
Br
y
I3−x−y
for solar cell applications
Authors: Li Yaping , McKinney Lanie G , He Yuxuan , Liu Shi-Yu , Wang Sanwu
Published: July 2023

Perovskite solar cells based on hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide materials have attracted immense interest in recent years due to their enhanced power conversion efficiency. However, the toxic lead element and unstable property of the material limit their applications. With first-principles calculations based on density functional theory, we studied a series of ten lead-free perovskite materials made of cesium, tin, and halogen elements, chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I). We found that the relative concentrations of the halogen atoms determine the crystal structures and the relative stability of the halide perovskites. Chlorine tends to increase the structural stability, while iodine plays the role of reducing the band gaps of the mixed halide perovskites. Considering the stability and the requirement of suitable band gaps, we identify that, among the ten lead-free halide perovskites, CsSnCl2I, CsSnBr2I, CsSnClBrI, CsSnClI2, CsSnBrI2, and CsSnI3 are the appropriate choices for solar cell applications.
Dimension measurement method of ring forgings based on laser scanning and multiple regression filtering algorithm
Authors: Lu Zheng , Zhou Qiwen , Zhang Yungang
Published: July 2023

In order to detect the radial is characterized and the isolated points that deviate from the target point cloud are removed using statistical section dimensions of ring parts in the forging process, we present a new method that processes laser scanning data of the outer radial section profile of ring forgings. Based on regression analysis and point cloud filtering, a multiple regression filtering algorithm is proposed to process the point cloud data for the measurement of the outer diameter of ring forgings. First, the laser scanned point cloud data filtering methods. The outlier clusters are then removed using regression analysis and processed by Gaussian regression filtering algorithms to obtain point cloud data with good circularity characteristics. Next, the Least Squares principle is used to fit a circle to the processed data to obtain information on the external diameter of the ring forgings to be measured. Finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by measuring the outer dimensions of the elliptical ring forgings in the experiment and performing error analysis.
On timing-optimized SiPMs for Cherenkov detection to boost low cost time-of-flight PET
Authors: Gundacker Stefan , Borghi Giacomo , Cherry Simon R , Gola Alberto , Lee Daehee , Merzi Stefano , Penna Michele , Schulz Volkmar , Kwon Sun Il
Published: July 2023

Objective. Recent SiPM developments and improved front-end electronics have opened new doors in TOF-PET with a focus on prompt photon detection. For instance, the relatively high Cherenkov yield of bismuth-germanate (BGO) upon 511 keV gamma interaction has triggered a lot of interest, especially for its use in total body positron emission tomography (PET) scanners due to the crystal’s relatively low material and production costs. However, the electronic readout and timing optimization of the SiPMs still poses many questions. Lab experiments have shown the prospect of Cherenkov detection, with coincidence time resolutions (CTRs) of 200 ps FWHM achieved with small pixels, but lack system integration due to an unacceptable high power uptake of the used amplifiers. Approach. Following recent studies the most practical circuits with lower power uptake (<30 mW) have been implemented and the CTR performance with BGO of newly developed SiPMs from Fondazione Bruno Kessler tested. These novel SiPMs are optimized for highest single photon time resolution (SPTR). Main results. We achieved a best CTR FWHM of 123 ps for 2 × 2 × 3 mm3 and 243 ps for 3 × 3 × 20 mm3 BGO crystals. We further show that with these devices a CTR of 106 ps is possible using commercially available 3 × 3 × 20 mm3 LYSO:Ce,Mg crystals. To give an insight in the timing properties of these SiPMs, we measured the SPTR with black coated PbF2 of 2 × 2 × 3 mm3 size. We confirmed an SPTR of 68 ps FWHM published in literature for standard devices and show that the optimized SiPMs can improve this value to 42 ps. Pushing the SiPM bias and using 1 × 1 mm2 area devices we measured an SPTR of 28 ps FWHM. Significance. We have shown that advancements in readout electronics and SiPMs can lead to improved CTR with Cherenkov emitting crystals. Enabling time-of-flight with BGO will trigger a high interest for its use in low-cost and total-body PET scanners. Furthermore, owing to the prompt nature of Cherenkov emission, future CTR improvements are conceivable, for which a low-power electronic implementation is indispensable. In an extended discussion we will give a roadmap to best timing with prompt photons.
Laser micro-fabricated multifunctional sensing layer for structural health monitoring
Authors: Li Zhenglin , Ding Taotao , Xiao Biao , Gao Yang , Xiang Yanxun , Xuan Fuzhen
Published: July 2023

Multifunctional sensing layer (MSL) integrated with multiple sensors and transducers has diverse applications in structural health monitoring (SHM). However, current MSLs still suffer from using rigid sensing units and complicated fabrication methods. To address this, a type of MSL integrated with flexible multi-functional sensing units and stretchable interconnectors was developed in this study by a laser-microfabrication (LMF) method with high efficiency and scalability. The flexible strain sensor has a sensitivity of 8.5, a minimum detection limit of 0.01%, and a durability of up to 12 000 cycles. The flexible temperature sensor has a temperature coefficient of resistance up to 2.75 × 10−3 °C–1 and a response time of 2.5 s. The flexible comb transducer provides a damage detection accuracy of over 90%. Further investigation proves the capability of the MSL for real-time monitoring of pressure vessels. The high efficiency and scalability of the LMF as well as the multi-functional sensing ability pave the potential application of the MSL in SHM.
Dynamic resistance and voltage response of a REBCO bifilar stack under perpendicular DC-biased AC magnetic fields
Authors: Sun Yueming , Geng Jianzhao , Badcock Rodney A , Jiang Zhenan
Published: July 2023

The dynamic resistance of REBCO (REBa2Cu3O7-d, RE stands for rare earth), coated conductors (CCs) is a key parameter in many high-temperature superconductor applications where CCs carry DC currents exposed to AC and DC magnetic fields, such as field-triggered persistent current switches, flux pumps, and fault current limiters. In this work, dynamic resistance and dynamic voltage have been studied via experiments and finite element method (FEM) simulations in a REBCO bifilar stack at 77 K, under combined AC and DC magnetic fields with different magnitudes, frequencies, and waveforms. Our results show some distinct features of dynamic resistance and voltage from those under pure AC magnetic fields. With an increasing DC magnetic field, the dynamic resistance exhibits an obvious linearity with the applied AC magnetic field, and becomes less dependent on the AC field frequency. The fundamental frequency of the dynamic voltage under a DC magnetic field becomes the same as that of the applied AC field, which completely differs from the pure AC field case where the fundamental frequency doubles. For the first time, instantaneous threshold field (B
th) values are obtained from the dynamic voltage, which are substantially different in the field-increasing and field-decreasing processes. These key differences are attributed to the dominant role of DC magnetic fields in determining the critical current of the superconductor, which significantly dwarfs the influence of AC fields. These new discoveries may help researchers better understand the electromagnetism of superconductors and be useful for relevant applications.