bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Optimal Environmental DNA Method to Improve the Fish Diversity Survey—From Laboratory to Aquatic Life Reserve
Authors: Li Wen-Pan , Liu Zi-Fang , Guo Tong , Chen He , Xie Xin
Published: May 2021

Conserving aquatic ecosystems requires efficient tools to accurately assess the biodiversity of aquatic species. However, existing knowledge is insufficient in terms of the reliability and the comparability of methods measuring fish diversity. Environmental DNA (eDNA), as a promising method, was used to detect fish taxa in this study. We optimized the eDNA method in the laboratory, and applied the optimal eDNA method to survey fish diversity in a natural aquatic life reserve. We simulated necessary steps of the eDNA method in the lab to increase the confidence of the field survey. Specifically, we compared different eDNA sampling, extraction, and sequencing strategies for accurately capturing fish species of the target area. We found that 1L water samples were sufficient for sampling eDNA information of the majority taxa. The filtration was more effective than the centrifugal precipitation for the eDNA extraction. The cloning sequencing was better than the high-throughput sequencing. The field survey showed that the Shannon–Wiener diversity index of fish taxa was the highest in Huairou Reservoir. The diversity index also showed seasonal changes. The accuracy rate of detecting fish taxa was positively correlated with the eDNA concentration. This study provides a scientific reference for an application of the eDNA method in terms of surveying and estimating the biodiversity of aquatic species.
Water Resources Studies in Headwaters of the Blue Nile Basin: A Review with Emphasis on Lake Water Balance and Hydrogeological Characterization
Authors: Yenehun Alemu , Dessie Mekete , Azeze Mulugeta , Nigate Fenta , Belay Ashebir Sewale , Nyssen Jan , Adgo Enyew , Van Griensven Ann , Van Camp Marc , Walraevens Kristine
Published: May 2021

The Lake Tana Basin, comprising the largest natural lake in Ethiopia, is the source and the uppermost part of the Upper Blue Nile Basin. In this review paper, research papers, mainly on the rainfall-runoff modeling and lake water balance, and on the hydrogeology, have been reviewed. The earlier water balance estimation attempts used simple conceptual and statistical approaches and calculate on a monthly timescale. More recent research has been using advanced semi-physically or physically based distributed hydrological models. Accordingly, mean annual precipitation over the lake was estimated in the range 36.1–53.1%; lake evaporation at 45.3–57.5%; river inflow (all gauged and estimated ungauged) at 43.6–63.9%; and river (lake) water outflow at 0–9.2%. With the few isotope studies, groundwater inflow and outflow are found insignificant. Different studies had estimated groundwater recharge, ranging from 57 mm to 850 mm. The basin has a heterogenous aquifer system consisting of different volcanic rocks and alluvio-lacustrine sediments. Generally, groundwater with low TDS, Ca–Mg–HCO3 type, isotopically relatively enriched, and high TDS, Na–HCO3 type, isotopically relatively depleted, water types have been identified. In this paper, major research gaps such as aquifer hydraulic characterization, surface-groundwater interaction, groundwater flow and groundwater balance have been identified. Hence, future research shall focus on the groundwater resources, so that existing surface water studies are updated and future water usage options are explored.
Interacting Flooding and Competition Negatively Affect Growth of Riparian Species Dominating a Reservoir Shoreline
Authors: Chen Yu-Han , Sun Xin-Sheng , Cui Yuan , Zhuo Na , Wei Guan-Wen , Luo Fang-Li , Zhang Ming-Xiang
Published: May 2021

Plant–plant interactions change in response to environmental conditions, and riparian species are commonly influenced by flooding. This study tested whether flooding affects the intraspecific and interspecific competition of two riparian species and whether such effects depend on the topographic positions where plants have established. Seeds of the riparian species Polygonum hydropiper were collected from both low and high positions within the shoreline of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Groups of P. hydropiper seedlings from each position were either grown alone (i.e., without competition), with another group of P. hydropiper seedlings (i.e., intraspecific competition), or with a group of seedlings of the companion species Xanthium sibiricum (i.e., interspecific competition). Each group comprised six replicates. In total, 288 plants of P. hydropiper and 84 plants of X. sibiricum were selected for the experiment. Seedlings were subjected to control and flooding treatments for 60 days. Irrespective of competition type (i.e., intra- or interspecific), both flooding and competition negatively affected the growth and/or photosynthetic capacities of P. hydropiper. Flooding only interacted with competition to explain total biomass. Flooding reduced total biomass in a larger proportion in the absence of competition, and, to a lesser extent, with intraspecific competition, compared to interspecific competition. However, such interaction effects were independent of the positions where the seeds that originated from the plants were collected from. Interspecific competition significantly decreased the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency of plants, while intraspecific competition did not. In general, plants from lower positions had higher total chlorophyll content than plants from higher positions. These results suggest that flooding may regulate the population dynamics of P. hydropiper by altering its competitive interactions.
Hydrological Extremes and Responses to Climate Change in the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia, Based on the CMIP6 HighResMIP Experiments
Authors: Tan Mou Leong , Liang Ju , Samat Narimah , Chan Ngai Weng , Haywood James M. , Hodges Kevin
Published: May 2021

This study introduces a hydro-climatic extremes assessment framework that combines the latest climate simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) HighResMIP with the Soil and Water Assessment (SWAT) model, and examines the influence of the different climate model resolutions. Sixty-six hydrological and environmental flow indicators from the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) were computed to assess future extreme flows in the Kelantan River Basin (KRB), Malaysia, which is particularly vulnerable to flooding. Results show that the annual precipitation, streamflow, maximum and minimum temperatures are projected to increase by 6.9%, 9.9%, 0.8 °C and 0.9 °C, respectively, by the 2021–2050 period relative to the 1985–2014 baseline. Monthly precipitation and streamflow are projected to increase especially for the Southwest Monsoon (June–September) and the early phase of the Northeast Monsoon (December) periods. The magnitudes of the 1-, 3-, 7-, 30- and 90-day minima flows are projected to increase by 7.2% to 8.2% and the maxima flows by 10.4% to 28.4%, respectively. Lastly, changes in future hydro-climatic extremes are frequently quite different between the high-resolution and low-resolution models, e.g., the high-resolution models projected an increase of 11.8% in mean monthly flow in November-December-January compared to 3.2% for the low-resolution models.
Environmental Impacts of Selenium Contamination: A Review on Current-Issues and Remediation Strategies in an Aqueous System
Authors: Okonji Stanley Onyinye , Achari Gopal , Pernitsky David
Published: May 2021

In both aquatic and terrestrial environment, selenium contamination may exist at concentrations above the micronutrient limit. Since there is such a narrow bandwidth between which selenium concentration is acceptable, the health of the public may be at risk of selenium toxicity once the concentration increases beyond a threshold. Selenium contamination in an aqueous environment can occur due to anthropogenic activities and/or from natural sources. This study presents a review of the forms of selenium, inorganic and organic selenium contamination, mobilization, analytical methods for various forms of selenium and remediation strategies. The review also provides recent advances in removal methods for selenium from water including bioremediation, precipitation, coagulation, electrocoagulation, adsorption, nano-zerovalent iron, iron co-precipitation and other methods. A review of selenomethionine and selenocysteine removal strategy from industrial wastewaters is presented. Selenium resource recovery from copper ore processing has been discussed. Various analytical methods used for selenium and heavy metal analysis were compared. Importantly, existing knowledge gaps were identified and prospective areas for further research were recommended.
Development of Personal Protective Respirator Based on Additive Manufacturing Technologies in Fighting Against Pandemic
Authors: AYDIN Levent , ILKİN Sumeyya , ARICAN Mehmet Onur , PEKER Ayfer , ŞAHİN Suhap , ÖZKOÇ Güralp , AKSU Maksut Görkem , KÜÇÜK Serdar , GÜNDOĞDU Özcan
Published: May 2021

Flexible manufacturing systems have been widely used especially in the field of medicine to develop personal protective types of equipment such as ventilator components or sample collection apparatuses except the face visors and masks/respirators during the fight against the pandemic. In this study, an N95 derivative respirator was designed based on the FDM technology and then compared with similar known mask models in literature in terms of manufacturing costs and functionality. Optimization was carried out on printing parameters to improve the speed of manufacturing. Finally, all components of the mask were assembled and prepared to be used for medical needs during the pandemic. The cost of the mask and filter components were reduced to 7 ₺ for 2 hours and 32 minutes for each mask. Moreover, the durability of each mask was increased three times more than known protective types of equipment to offer longer usage without any fractures caused by daily activities and to have improved airtightness. Besides, the mask was designed to have multi-layered filters with the ability of replaceable membranes according to the epidemic agent, and the sterilization procedures were explained. Thus, a more economical and healthier protective equipment was created compared to the known respirators in the literature.
The Advance of Turkish and Kazakh Lexicography
Authors:   Suleyman Demirel University, Özdemir Elif Derya , Özdemir Cemal ,   Suleyman Demirel University
Published: May 2021

In terms of containing the vocabulary of a language, dictionaries stand in a very important place in terms of revealing and preserving the cultural values of nations. The vocabulary contained in the dictionaries is mainly composed of internal items and external items. Dictionaries are one of the main sources in which these internal and external items of the language are writtentogether.The lexicography works, which started in the first century BC, continue to develop. In this development, it is seen thatTurkic languages and historical dialects have been included in the works initiated by Mahmud al-Kashgari in the 11th century. In this research, the dictionary types, the purpose of the dictionary studies, the development of the lexicography studies in Turkish and Kazakh languages have been mentioned in the chronological order and the methodology of the valuable dictionaries, which have been put forward in this field, has been emphasized.
The Historical Development of Uzbek Literature in Afghanistan
Authors:   Nile University of Nigeria, AKYUZ Murat
Published: May 2021

Throughout history, Afghanistan has been a home to many nations. This land, which hosted Turks and Turkish Culture in the very early ages, is still home to many Turkish tribes. Today, this region, which is the cradle of the Chagatai literature, is considered a host to the vibrant literature of the Uzbeks of Afghanistan. The Afghan-Uzbek literature is a continuation of the Chagatai literature. Russian language has not been influential on the language and literature of the Uzbeks of Afghanistan who, for a long time, had not been under the Russian and Soviet rule; However, Persian language (Dari-Afghanistan Persian) has had a tremendous influence. Due to war and civil turmoil, sufficient work has not been done on the Afghan-Uzbek literature for many years. In our study, we seek to provide information on the Afghan-Uzbek literature from the period of late Chagatai literature to the present day.
DOSSIÊ - APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: De Brito Maria Dos Remédio
Published: May 2021

DOSSIÊ - APRESENTAÇÃO
PENGARUH SISTEM OLAH TANAH DAN WAKTU PENYIANGAN PADA HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Azizu Muhamad Noor
Published: May 2021

The presence of disturbing plants in the cultivation process of corn plants will respond to the corn crop yields. The presence of disturbing plants can cause competition in the photosynthesis process. In essence, weed control is to suppress the population. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of tillage patterns and time of weeding on maize crop products and to obtain a combination of tillage patterns with appropriate weeding times for corn planting. The experiment was conducted from February to June 2020 at the Buton UMU Research Experimental Garden. Laboratory analysis was carried out in the integrated laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of UMU Buton. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design (RPT) with three replication.  main plots were tillage system consists of three levels., (1) T1 = zero tillage; (2) T2 = minimal tillage; and (3) T3 = maximum tillage. Subplots were a time of weeding consists of four levels., (1) P1 = no weeding; (2) P2 = weeding 21 days after planting; (3) P3 = weeding 21 and 42 days after planting; and (4) P4 = weeding 21, 42 and 63 day after planting. The results showed that the appropriate combination of T1 and T4 treatment would produce better maize/plant weight and corn seed yields of 6.27 tonnes ha-1, whereas for T2 and T3 it did not require weeding time with yields respectively maize harvest was 5.84 tonnes ha-1 and 5.83 tonnes ha-1

 

Keywords: konservasi, gulma, jagung
Careta Inteligente de Protección Facial “SMART FACE SHIELD”
Authors: Jara-Ruiz Ricardo , Montes-García Ignacio Alejandro , Quezada-Muñoz Marcos Emanuel , Rodríguez-Padilla Luis Ángel
Published: May 2021

Considering the current health situation and the need for population health safety, this work presents the development of a prototype of an intelligent face mask for facial protection that contributes to the fight against the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the education and health sector; so it is visualized as an important opportunity for the development of technological tools that allow to contribute to solve a problem and generate a social impact. Due to the problems detected, the following actions are carried out for the implementation of a prototype capable of constantly monitoring body temperature and recommended social distance using an alert system, which is developed in three different stages where design and printing, electronics, programming and assembly are considered. During the research process it is determined that such devices will be required and present a promising future in this area of application, although it is known that there are alternatives but that require a greater process before their implementation.
Propuesta para la integración de un laboratorio de Monitoreo Remoto mediante Raspberry Pi mediante un radio enlace con antenas Ubiquiti en el departamento de Electrónica del Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca
Authors: Silva-Cruz Eric Mario , Castellanos-Baltazar Roberto Tamar , Sosa-Torres Ariel Ysai , Caballero-Santiago Alexis
Published: May 2021

In the development of Internet of Things devices, one of the main considerations is the adoption of the different existing protocols to perform connectivity between devices, in the industrial field it is required to selecting a communication protocol and to determine the feasibility of integrate the information to the cloud with the data from an infinity of sensors, for which there exist the design of sensor networks with local monitoring and the consideration of carrying out a variety of data transmission configurations, among which are TCP / IP, wireless, fiber optic connection. For this reason, in this article we present the design of a data network configuration using TCP / IP routing with Raspberry Pi and a wireless connectivity network between the laboratories of the Technological Institute of Oaxaca that require monitoring of sensors, mechanisms and data, and a centralized monitoring in the Electronics laboratory using Ubiquiti antennas, which allow linking information between two points with a dedicated link and the possibility of being a multiple access point.
Sistema modular de telemetría para medición de parámetros en el hogar, basado en el internet de las cosas
Authors: Hernández-Aguirre Fredy Alberto , Chávez José Manuel , Espejel-Blanco Daniel Fernando , Yanez-Preciado Jorge Alberto
Published: May 2021

In this article, we discuss the development and results obtained in the design of a modular telemetry system for measurement of different parameters at home and having the possibility of knowing and monitoring the data remotely through a mobile application. Using instrumentation, it is planned to measure electrical energy consumed at home in kWh, the amount of water consumed, pressure and presence of LP gas, interior lighting, temperature and the energy generated by a photovoltaic panel interconnected to the electrical grid. The architecture proposed for the development of this application is based on the three-layer model of the IoT (Internet of Things), making use of a microcontroller based on the ESP8266 chip called NodeMCU®, the reading of the parameters proposed above is performed, and these data are transmitted through a Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) communication protocol called Websockets®, the data is sent to a database on the internet using Firebase® service, later this database communicates with a mobile application in which displays the data collected by the microcontroller in a graphical interface programmed with Android Studio®. The user will be able to monitor the different parameters in real-time and based on his criteria, take preventive and corrective actions for the conscious use of his energy resources.
Puertas de Sevilla
Authors: Pérez Cano María Teresa , Aladro Prieto José Manuel , Costa Rosado Ana , Del Espino Hidalgo Blanca , López Bravo Celia , Molina Liñán María Mercedes , Morcillo Arencibia José Antonio , Mosquera Adell Eduardo , Mosquera Pérez Clara Teresa , Navarro de Pablos Francisco Javier , Navas Carrillo Daniel , Ostos Prieto Francisco Javier , Raposo González Juan José , Rodríguez Lora Juan Andrés , Royo Naranjo Lourdes
Published: May 2021

Proyecto de Realidad Aumentada geolocalizada para profundizar en la enseñanza de contenidos relativos a la protección patrimonial frente a la contaminación visual y perceptiva. Esta app invita a redescubrir el sistema de puertas de la ciudad de Sevilla a través de un recorrido que parte de la Puerta de Jerez y finaliza en la cercana y extinta Puerta Nueva, pasando por los barrios del Arenal, los Humeros, la Macarena o la Ronda Histórica. Además del acercamiento patrimonial, la ruta propuesta es una herramienta saludable que fomenta la actividad física, incluyendo, además de datos históricos, arquitectónicos y urbanos, unos indicadores saludables que van siendo superados con la llegada a cada puerta.
Determinación del contenido de carotenoides en comprimidos farmacéuticos: método espectrofotométrico
Authors: Úbeda Aguilera Cristina , Mapelli Brahm Paula , Cerezo López Ana Belén , Rodríguez Pulido Francisco José , Segura Borrego María Pilar , Cejudo Bastante María Jesús , Gordillo Arrobas Belén , Stinco Scanarotti Carla María , Nogales Bueno Julio
Published: May 2021

El video describe el análisis de laboratorio para la determinación de la cantidad de caroteno en comprimidos farmacéuticos. El método se fundamenta en la medición de la absorbancia a 450 nm de un extracto de los carotenoides presentes en el comprimido. Posteriormente, mediante el uso de la curva de calibración se calcula el contenido de carotenoides en la muestra.

La función que cubre este video es la de mostrar la determinación de caroteno mediante método espectrofotométrico que puede ser de aplicación e implementación en prácticas de laboratorio para alumnos de carreras del área de ciencias.

Este recurso es idóneo para explicar la determinación de caroteno basado en la medición de extractos de la muestra en espectrofotómetro a una absorbancia de 450 nm. El valor de absorbancia reflejado por el equipo será correlativo a la concentración a la que se encuentren los extractos y por tanto a la presencia de esta molécula en la muestra. Posteriormente, mediante el uso de la curva de calibración se calcula el contenido de carotenoides en la muestra.

Estos compuestos son liposolubles y de tipo isoprenoide, más concretamente tetraterpenoides, que quiere decir que contienen 40 átomos de carbono. Muchos estudios epidemiológicos indican que la presencia de estos compuestos en la dieta está relacionada con un menor riesgo de padecer enfermedades degenerativas como algunos tipos de cáncer, enfermedades cardiovasculares y oculares. Aparte de esto, algunos de ellos, como el beta-caroteno, son provitamina A, es decir, pueden convertirse en el organismo en compuestos que exhiben actividad vitamínica A. Es por ello por lo que el desarrollo de suplementos, en forma de cápsulas o comprimidos, que contengan carotenoides está en auge.
Analisis Kesesuaian Lahan Kawasan Lahan Basah (Wetland) untuk Perencanaan Tata Guna Lahan Berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Tulang Bawang
Authors: Prasetya Dwi Bayu , Anisia Hediyati
Published: May 2021

The wetland area in Tulang Bawang Regency is a stretch of swamps that has an important value ecologically and hydrologically and has economic value. However, currently, the area's condition has begun to change its function to agricultural land, resulting in damage to the habitat and function of swamps, causing a decrease in biological resources such as fish and bird populations. The use of wetlands must be carefully planned and designed with land use principles with a sustainable perspective. The aim of this research is; 1.) Identifying the potential for hydrology, potential land use, and the condition of biodiversity in the Wetland area; 2) Formulating alternative land suitability in the wetland area planning in Tulang Bawang Regency by taking into account biophysical factors and area functions. This research's approach method is spatial pattern analysis, which is to study the patterns, shapes, and distribution of phenomena on the earth's surface. In addition, understand the meaning of these patterns and use them in sustainable land use planning. Based on the results of land suitability analysis for wetland planning in Tulang Bawang Regency, it can be concluded that this area is classified as very suitable (S1) with a score of 93.33. For the development of wetlands through nature conservation and cultural heritage of the Tulang Bawang community as objects and the main attraction of this area.
Karakteristik Hambur Balik Akustik Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) pada Kondisi Terkontrol
Authors: Baswantara Arif , Firdaus Anas Noor , Astiyani Wahyu Puji
Published: May 2021

Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) atau blue swimming crab merupakan biota yang memiliki area penyebaran yang luas termasuk di Indonesia. P.pelagicus juga menjadi komoditas ekonomis penting bagi Indonesia, sehingga menjaga dan mengetahui keberadaan P.pelagicus menjadi sangat penting. Hydro-acoustic menjadi salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk memetakan keberadaan dari P.pelagicus. Langkah awal yang dilakukan yaitu mengetahui karakteristik hambur balik dari P.pelagicus. Karakteristik tersebut antara lain nilai Target Strength (TS), nilai Echo Level (EL) dan Frekuensi deteksi. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, diketahui nilai TS dari P.pelagicus berkisar di nilai -40 hingga -45 dB, EL berkisar pada nilai 95 hingga 100 dB, dan Frekuensi deteksi berada pada frekuensi 110 kHz. Penelitian ini masih perlu dilanjutkan karena skala yang digunakan masih dalam taraf laboratorium.
Linear Array Thinning with Cavity backed U-slot Patch Antenna using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Pertiwi Novalia , Akbar Fannush Shofi , Setijadi Eko , Hendrantoro Gamantyo
Published: May 2021

In this paper, a thinned linear array with Cavity backed U-slot Patch has been investigated using the Genetic Algorithm to minimize peak sidelobe level and the number of antenna elements. One of the essential steps in the Genetic Algorithm method is a crossover, which uses the Paired Top Ten and Combined Top Five rules applied to the Cavity backed U-slot Patch antenna. The peak sidelobe level value is -18.63 dB with a array filling of 63.33% at the broadside angle using Combined Top Five rules. In Paired Top Ten, the peak sidelobe level value is -19.48 dB with a array filling of 70%. The two methods are still better as compared to a dense array. This study is essential in the development of radar technologies since it needs a low sidelobe level.
The Electrolyte-Fuel Concentrations Effects on Direct Methanol Alkaline Fuel Cell (DMAFC) Through Non-Noble Metal Catalysts
Authors: Auriyani Wika Atro , Bustan Djoni , Haryati Sri
Published: May 2021

Most of the R&D on Direct Methanol Alkaline Fuel Cell (DMAFC) concentrates on electrode catalyst and appropriate electrolyte to improve the efficiency. Mostly, a Pt-based electrocatalyst was used. In this research, Nickel foam and membrane silver as non-noble metal catalysts were used in a square-shaped fuel cell stack of 15 x 15 cm in size. The ionic current in the Direct Methanol Alkaline Fuel Cell (DMAFC) was due to the conduction of hydroxide ions. Potassium hydroxide which plays an essential role in delivering hydroxide ions was used in this study. The electrolyte effect of potassium hydroxide was studied in different concentrations for the methanol oxidation reaction. Nickel foam and membrane silver were used for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). 1 M, 3 M, 5 M concentration of potassium hydroxide and 0.5 M, 1 M, 2 M, 3 M, 4 M, 5 M of methanol as a fuel have been conducted. The highest maximum power density of 543.35 mW/cm2 was obtained at 2,331 mA/cm2 of current density using the 5 M KOH and 0,5 M fuel. At equimolar concentration between fuel-electrolyte mixture give the higher current density.
Sedimentary Facies of Seblat Formation Semaka Districts, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Ogara Evan Rosyadi
Published: May 2021

Seblat Formation had been exposed in Sedayu village, Lampung. Stratigraphic measurements and detailed description at several outcrops was performed on Seblat Formation. The facies of Seblat Formation base on sedimentological study can be divided into to two facies, classical turbidtes and slump. Classical turbidites in study area characterized by monotonous sandstone intercalated with mudstone and slump facies consist of mudstone and fine-grained sandstone with total thickness around 5 meters and the thickness of each layer ranges from 3-13 centimeters. Based on two sedimentary facies, mid fan (smooth-channelled) and inner fan is proposed for Seblat Formation.
Kebutuhan Lahan Pertanian Minimum untuk Kesejahteraan Petani di Pulau Sumatera
Authors: Aprildahani Baiq Rindang , Permana Chrisna Trie Hadi , Hutama Surya Tri Esthi Wira
Published: May 2021

Teori wilayah kota yang berkelanjutan menunjukkan kebutuhan untuk membangun sistem pendukung kehidupan yang lebih baik. Meskipun diharapkan dapat menyediakan pangan yang cukup untuk generasi saat ini dan masa depan, sektor pertanian menghadapi tantangan untuk bertahan di tengah masifnya urban sprawl. Pasca pandemi COVID-19 saat ini dan resesi ekonomi global, sektor pertanian tetap produktif sebagai sektor yang berperan penting dalam sistem ketahanan pangan yang memasok kebutuhan dalam negeri. Penelitian ini menyajikan studi kasus Indonesia bagian barat yang dianggap sebagai salah satu daerah berkembang yang sangat luas. Pertumbuhan pusat-pusat perkotaan gaya sentrifugal ditandai dengan perkembangan pesat menuju pinggiran yang menyebabkan hilangnya lahan pertanian. Oleh karena itu, memperburuk kemunduran kesejahteraan petani, saat ini dokumen perencanaan yang ada juga tidak dapat mengendalikan fenomena yang meluas. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pertanian pinggiran kota untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan pangan sendiri dan memastikan pendapatan yang memadai bagi petani muncul sebagai motivasi yang paling mendorong petani untuk tetap bertahan di sektor pertanian (Adrianto et al., 2013). Secara keseluruhan, studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peluang pelestarian lahan pertanian. Dengan menerapkan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini diharapkan mampu mengidentifikasi luasan minimal lahan pertanian (khususnya padi) untuk mendukung kesejahteraan petani.
Edukasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat Dalam Pencegahan Penyebaran Covid-19 Di Masyarakat Kota Malang
Authors: Kusumaningrum Bintari Ratih , Jayanti Jilan Putri Ayunda Dewi , Nagara Aurick Yudha , Susanto Akhiyan Hadi , Rini Ika Setyo , Ulya Ikhda , Prawestiningtyas Eriko , Herdiyono Muhammad Satria , Krisyanto Agustinus Lorensa , Nainggolan Mutiaranti
Published: May 2021

Pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19 ini tidak bisa hanya dengan tenaga kesehatan saja yang berperan, namun dibutuhkan kerjasama lintas sector. Unsur yang terlibat adalah pemerintah, masyarakat, dunia usaha, akademisi, dan media. Agar pencegahan di masyarakat dapat berjalan dengan baik maka harus ada tokoh atau kader kesehatan yang aktif melakukan promosi kesehatan pencegahan Covid-19. Program pengabdian masyarakat kampong tangguh ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat untuk mencegah penularan COVID-19 kepada kader kesehatan di masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam program  pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pemberian intervensi pada masyarakat dengan pendekatan post tes only terhadap 76 partisipan kader kesehatan di 8 kelurahan di Kota Malang. Media yang digunakan untuk edukasi adalah poster PHBS dan praktik langsung. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu skor pengetahuan PHBS 74,21 dari skor maksimal 100dan skor observasi perilaku 26,53 dari skor maksimal 30. Sebagian besar sudah ada sarana untuk PHBS namun dalam pelaksanaan protocol kesehatan masih kurang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan ini membawa dampak positif bagi kader dan masyarakat luas karena akademisi turun langsung memberikan contoh PHBS.
Implementasi Edukasi Kesehatan HIV dalam Perubahan Stigma HIV AIDS pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan
Authors: Wilandika Angga
Published: May 2021

Stigma dan diskriminasi terhadap orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) yang dilakukan perawat menyebabkan hambatan pada pelayanan asuhan keperawatan. Kejadian stigma tidak lepas kaitannya dengan persepsi stigma ketika mereka masih menjadi mahasiswa atau calon perawat. Stigma pada mahasiswa ini muncul dan berkembang karena pengetahuan mengenai HIV yang dimilikinya tidak komprehensif. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi hal ini dilakukan melalui penguatan informasi melalui program edukasi kesehatan HIV. Pelaksanaan edukasi kesehatan HIV ini dilakukan secara secara daring kepada 40 orang mahasiswa keperawatan. Setelah dilaksanakan kegiatan edukasi kesehatan HIV, menunjukkan sebagian besar mahasiswa (72,5%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan HIV berkategori baik. Selain itu, mahasiswa yang memiliki stigma (negatif) terhadap ODHA menurun menjadi 52,5%, yang awalnya sebesar 77,5%. Walaupun edukasi kesehatan ini belum mampu secara utuh menghilangkan stigma, tetapi perubahan pandangan stigma ini menjadi suatu upaya dalam eradikasi stigma pada ODHA. Rekomendasi dari kegiatan ini yaitu perlu dikembangkan strategi yang lebih komprehensif dan lebih mendalam untuk perubahan stigma pada mahasiswa keperawatan.
INOVAÇÕES NOS ASPECTOS PRODUTIVOS DO PIRARUCU (Arapaima gigas) CULTIVADO NA AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL
Authors: Barbosa Diego Jovani Soares , Filho Jerônimo Vieira Dantas , Cavali Jucilene
Published: May 2021

Objetivo desse trabalho é relatar pesquisas que abordem sobre as inovações na criação de Arapaima gigas na Amazônia. Apesar de seu cultivo ainda ser incipiente, a região Norte do Brasil é detentora da maior produção de pirarucu do mundo, sendo expressivamente maior no estado de Rondônia. O cultivo de pirarucu é promissor, entretanto, ainda não há estudos suficientes sobre à biologia, ecologia, exigência nutricional, reprodução e sanidade do pirarucu. Algumas pesquisas vêm sendo realizados no Brasil e no mundo a fim de obter maiores informações que propiciem o desenvolvimento da criação. No Brasil, as pesquisas se concentram na Amazônia, local onde há fluxo de mercado de produtos do pirarucu. O principal problema no cultivo do pirarucu é a reprodução, porque o pirarucu prefere reproduzir naturalmente, diferente de outras espécies de peixes que foram bastante estudadas e o mercado do peixe possui pacotes tecnológicos para a reprodução artificial. Sugere-se a realização de mais pesquisas científicas envolvendo a espécie Arapaima gigas, para fornecer subsídios aos produtores de pirarucu, e também, aos profissionais que desejam ingressar na atividade de piscicultura, porque a criação do pirarucu mostra-se economicamente e sócio-ambientalmente promissora na Amazônia brasileira.
The Effect of Service Quality on Customer Loyalty at BRI Syariah Bank Bone Office Branch: A Review of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection
Authors: Jumarni Jumarni
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to analyze and determine the effect of Service Quality Variables on customer loyalty in BRI Syariah Bank Bone Office Branch. This study juxtaposes the quality of customer service in banking institutions with the level of customer loyalty. In addition, the two variables are examined with the conception of consumer protection as regulated in Law number 8 of 1999. This study uses qualitative research methods and the analysis used is SPSS 20. The analysis test includes a normality test that analyzes parametic statistics, and a regression coefficient test is used to determine the effect of service quality on customer loyalty. The results obtained by the regression equation Y = 1,082 + 0,255 + ε. Based on a simple linear regression test, it shows that service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty in BRI Syariah Bank Bone Office Branch. The positive influence shows a match between service quality and customer loyalty; hence the role of service can increase customer loyalty. The relation to consumer protection regulated in Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, maximum service in its various forms is the basic rights that consumers deserve, and this has been obtained by customers of BRI Syariah Bank Bone Office Branch, thus it is relevant to consumer protection and customer service.
Uso de la investigación mixta en observatorios de medios: Caso Observatorio de Medios y Opinión de la Universidad de Manizales
Authors: Millán Richard
Published: May 2021

Este artículo corresponde a una reflexión sobre el uso de metodologías mixtas para la investigación en observatorios de medios, una práctica recurrente en los programas de comunicación social. Es habitual el uso de métodos cuantitativos para este tipo de estudios, también se encuentran de corte cualitativo; sin embargo, la mixtura de estas herramientas no es común, por eso el texto buscará presentar las ventajas de su uso complementario como posibilidad de profundización en los procesos investigativos. Adicionalmente, se presentarán avances de un estudio sobre las amenazas a la libertad de expresión en medios en el Eje Cafetero de Colombia a partir de la relación contractual entre medios y periodistas con entidades del Estado, en el que se usan métodos mixtos de investigación. Esta indagación realizada por el Observatorio de Medios y Opinión de la Escuela de Comunicación de la Universidad de Manizales presentó un primer avance en la pasada publicación de Afacom en esta misma regional (Millán, 2018).
Intangibles en el sector público: La legitimidad mediática como factor de sostenibilidad institucional
Authors: Rodríguez Pérez Carlos
Published: May 2021

La intangibilidad forma parte de la idiosincrasia del sector público, cuya esencia reside en el valor público. La legitimidad es un bien intangible que puede ser activado desde la comunicación y se define en función de las percepciones que sus públicos de interés tienen sobre si las acciones y comportamientos de la organización son deseables, correctos y apropiados. Este artículo revisa la literatura del bien intangible legitimidad como factor de sostenibilidad institucional; es decir, la legitimidad como factor de supervivencia organizacional, como respaldo de apoyo social, como aval para la obtención de recursos y como recurso en sí mismo para erigir la organización en referente sectorial. Específicamente, el artículo se centra en el papel de los medios de comunicación a la hora de reflejar la legitimidad de una organización. A través de la revisión, se evidencian diversas metodologías para medir la legitimidad: el acceso mediático de fuentes, los coeficientes de respaldo mediático y atributos y variables, asociados a las tipologías de legitimidad propuestas por Suchman (1995). Se concluye que los estudios sobre la legitimidad aplicados al sector público aún no han permitido establecer un corpus metodológico que permita conocer claramente las dinámicas de legitimidad, y evaluar la influencia de la comunicación a la hora de activar la legitimidad de ejercicio de una organización pública.
Investigación cualitativa y hermenéutica de la acción: Transformaciones en el cine latinoamericano
Authors: Lozano B. Jorge Prudencio
Published: May 2021

Recorrido panorámico por la historia del cine latinoamericano, interpretado en correspondencia con diversos momentos históricos y contextuales del continente, a partir de los cuales hipotéticamente se han relacionado sus temáticas y en general sus estéticas.
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF WESTERN TRANSBAIKALIA IN THE LATE GLACIAL AND LATE HOLOCENE
Authors: Базарова В.Б. , Лящевская М.С.
Published: May 2021

Представлен новый материал по исследованию отложений Еравнинской котловины. На основе палинологических и радиоуглеродных данных проведена реконструкция природной среды позднеледниковья и позднего голоцена. Выделены холодные и теплые периоды позднеледниковья, а также становление растительности в позднем голоцене.

A new material on the study of sediments of the Eravna basin is presented. The results of pollen analysis clearly indicate the climate changes in the last Glacial and late Holocene. The regional climate became milder and more humid around 14.5–12.5 cal. BP, which corresponds to the Allerød interstadial of the European scale.
THE CHILD POPULATION OF BELARUS AND THE SPECIFICS OF ITS GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Ридевский Г.В.
Published: May 2021

В статье рассмотрены основные закономерности распределения детей до 16 лет по регионам Беларуси по результатам переписи населения 2019 г. Сделан вывод о том, что на размещение детей в регионах Беларуси определяющее влияние оказывают центр-периферийные процессы. Концентрация детей в районах центрального типа (экономического ядра) в последние годы растёт более высокими темпами, чем концентрация в них всего населения страны и, вероятно, эта тенденция сохранится в будущем. В размещении детей в Беларуси выявлен также градиент север-юг. В этом направлении заметно увеличивается доля детей до 16 лет и снижается уровень регрессивности возрастной структуры населения. Это свидетельство того, что регионы Белорусского Подвинья имеют наиболее сложную демографическую ситуацию, которая в обозримой перспективе будет только ухудшаться.

The article considers the main patterns of distribution of children under 16 years of age in the regions of Belarus according to the results of the 2019 census. It is concluded that the placement of children in the regions of Belarus is determined by the center-peripheral processes. The concentration of children in the central type (economic core) areas has been growing at a higher rate in recent years than the concentration of the entire population in them, and this trend is likely to continue in the future. A north-south gradient has also been identified in the placement of children in Belarus. In this direction, the proportion of children under 16 years of age is significantly increasing and the level of demographic aging of the population is decreasing. This is evidence that the regions of the Belarusian Podvinya region have the most difficult demographic situation, which will only worsen in the foreseeable future.
THE LATE HOLOCENE HISTORY OF VEGETATION OF THE ACCUMULATIVE PLAIN IN THE INNER PART OF THE USSURI BAY
Authors: Белянин П.С. , Белянина Н.И.
Published: May 2021

На основе палинологических данных, восстановлена история развития природной среды аккумулятивной равнины в кутовой части Уссурийского залива за последние 5350 кал. л. Определены особенности структуры растительного покрова в завершающую фазу оптимума голоцена, а также при разнонаправленных климатических флуктуациях позднего голоцена. В завершающую фазу оптимума голоцена широколиственные растения в горном обрамлении были распространены более широко, чем в настоящее время. На аккумулятивной равнине преобладали мелколиственные растительные сообщества с доминированием березы обыкновенной, гибридных берез и ольхи. Похолодание, начавшееся в конце среднего и продолжившееся в начале позднего голоцена, привело к сокращению в растительности широколиственных растений и более широкому распространению мелколиственных. В конце позднего голоцена в кутовой части Уссурийского залива сложились природные условия, обусловившие формирование современной структуры растительности.

Based on the palynological data, the history of vegetation on the accumulative plain in the inner part of the Ussuri Bay was reconstructed. Features of the structure of the vegetation cover during the final phase of the Holocene optimum and at multidirectional climatic fluctuations in the Late Holocene were identified. Broad-leaf plants in the final phase of the Holocene were more widely-spread on the surrounding mountain than at present. On the accumulative plains grassy meadows with small-leaf plant communities dominated. Deterioration of natural conditions during the transition to the Late Holocene caused a decrease in vegetation of broad- leaved plants and in an increase in the role of small-plants. At the end of the Late Holocene natural conditions developed in the inner part of the Ussuri Bay, that conditioned the formation of the modern structure of vegetation.
Populasi hiu berjalan, Kalabia (Hemiscyllium freycineti), di Perairan Misool, Kabupaten Raja Ampat (Population of the walking shark, Kalabia (Hemiscyllium freycineti), in Misool, Raja Ampat)
Authors: Widiarto Santoso B , Wahyudin Iman , Sombo Hendrik , Muttaqin Ahmad S , . Prehadi , Tabalessy Roger R , Masengi Melisa
Published: May 2021

Walking shark (Hemiscyllium freycineti) was classified in the Genus Hemiscyllium, a nocturnal organism, lives in benthic zone. Walking shark has limited distribution because of its inability to swim across the sea regardless the close range. Based on those information, the survey was conducted to monitor the potential density of walking shark populations at Misool, Raja Ampat, in order to have data of population and the utilization. This research was conducted by applying Snorkeling Visual Census Method along the coastline using Global Positioning System. A number of 58 individuals walking sharks was found during the survey and they varied from around 61-70 cm (the longest) to about 20 cm (the shortest). The most common size was of 31-40 cm. The length of the survey track was 20.003,74 m (20 km) and the observation area was 109.592,69 m2 with a survey track width of 11 m, so that the density of walking sharks was about 5,29 individuals/ha.Walking shark in Misool have not been used either for food consumption or in trade demand. It can be concluded, the level of density of walking sharks in Misool is under low pressure conditions.---Hiu berjalan (Hemiscyllium freycineti) tergolong dalam genus Hemiscyllium, yang merupakan hewan nokturnal yang hidup di dasar perairan. Hiu berjalan memiliki distribusi terbatas, karena jenis ini tidak mampu berenang menyeberangi laut yang dalam meskipun hanya berjarak beberapa kilometer. Berdasarkan informasi tersebut, maka dilakukan survei kepadatan populasi hiu berjalan di perairan Misool, Raja Ampat, guna memperoleh data populasi dan pemanfaatannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Snorkeling Visual Census dan survei menyusuri garis pantai berbasis Global Positioning System (GPS). Dari hasil survei, didapatkan jumlah ikan hiu berjalan yang tersensus sebanyak 58 individu dengan ukuran yang bervariasi dari terpanjang sekitar 61-70 cm dan ukuran terpendek 20 cm. Ukuran ikan hiu berjalan yang dominan ditemukan ialahdengan panjang tubuh 31-40 cm (sebanyak 16 individu). Survei ini mencakup panjang lintasan 20.003,74 m (20 km), luas area pengamatan 109.592,69 m2, dan lebar lintasan survei 11 m, sehingga kepadatan ikan hiu berjalan yang diperoleh dari hasil survei yaitu 5,29 individu/ha. Hiu berjalan di Misool belum banyak dimanfaatkan, baik secara konsumsi maupun permintaan perdagangan. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan, bahwa tingkat kepadatan hiu berjalan di Misool dalam kondisi tekanan rendah.
Accumulation of heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Hg) on brown algae, Padina australis, cultivated in Kima Bajo Waters, North Minahasa Regency
Authors: Hidayat Sarif , Mantiri Desy M.H. , Paulus James J.H. , Lasut Markus T. , Rumampuk Natalie D.C. , Undap Suzanne , Sumilat Deiske A.
Published: May 2021

Although heavy metals have relatively low levels in water column and sediments, they will not be degraded and can even be absorbed and accumulated by marine algae. Research on accumulation of heavy metals on algae was done in Kima Bajo Waters, North Minahasa Regency. The research objective was to evaluate the accumulation of four heavy metals, i.e. arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), plumbum (Pb), and mercury (Hg), on brown macroalgae Padina australis. The alga was introduced and cultivated in the research area using bottom method. The same method was also used in the experiment. One-week acclimatization process was done prior the experiment. Sampling of alga’s thallus was carried out every two weeks to measure the concentration of metals. The experiment was terminated after six weeks. Bottom sediment was also collected at the beginning of the experiment to measure the metal concentration. The results showed that the heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, and Hg) were accumulated in the algae. The highest concentration of Cd, Pb, and Hg accumulated in the algae was 0.15 mg/kg wet weight, 3.5 mg/kg wet weight, and 0.009 mg/kg wet weight, respectively. All the concentrations were higher than the initial concentration of each metal. Accumulation of As was also occurred with the highest concentration (1,9 mg/kg wet weigh) occurred at fourth weeks; however, it was lower than the initial concentration. The accumulation varied according to type of metals and time; accumulation of Cd, Pb, and Hg were occurred on second weeks of cultivations and As on the fourth weeks. It can be concluded that cultivated alga can accumulate heavy metals.Indonesian title: Akumulasi logam berat (As, Cd, Pb, Hg) pada alga coklat, Padina australis, yang dibudidaya di Perairan Kima Bajo, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara
Siero, antidoto e vaccino: facciamo chiarezza
Authors: Di Carlo Miriam
Published: May 2021

Sono arrivate molte segnalazioni all’Accademia della Crusca circa l’uso inappropriato delle parole siero e antidoto nei giornali per indicare il vaccino, in relazione alla campagna vaccinale in corso per scongiurare la diffusione dell’epidemia di Covid-19.