bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of the Structural Properties of Translucent Concrete as Sustainable Material
Authors: Chiadighikaobi Paschal Chimeremeze , Adegoke Muritala Adedapo , Kharun Makhmud , Paul Vladimir Jean , Abu Mahadi Mohamed Ibrahim , Finbarrs-Ezema Bernard
Published: November 2023

This paper studies the production of sustainable and energy-saving concrete that can overcome the opaque nature of concrete with good strength properties. Consequently, this birthed translucent concrete. This study aimed to develop a detailed review of the properties and characteristics of translucent concrete, conduct some qualitative analysis on the concrete's potential light-transmitting abilities as well as its drawbacks and benefits translucent concrete, and make it accessible to scholars and researchers on this concrete type. The objective of this study was to review the properties of translucent concrete that have been studied by several researchers. To this study, it is believed that construction works with translucent concrete will be efficient and serve as a construction and economic breakthrough, specifically in low-income and low-middle-income nations where the cost of purchasing energy is high. A review assessment approach was used to examine past studies of translucent concrete with a focus on optic fiber since more than 80% of the available works documented employed optic fiber as the light-transmitting material. To achieve the objectives of this study, a review methodology was used. It was discovered that one of the limitations of translucent concrete is the production cost associated with the purchase cost of the optic fiber . A variety of restrictions and research gaps were found in the review study conducted on translucent concrete. One of the gaps identified was the strengthening of translucent concrete and the optical fiber percentage that could give a durable concrete mix. Another gap identified in the reviewed research study relates to tests aiming to identify the influence of dissimilar ratios of optical fibers on the material’s strength and energy-saving properties. Some studies indicated the incorporation of optic fiber in concrete at a certain percentage improved the compressive strength of the concrete, while some researchers concluded that including optic fiber in the concrete decreased the compressive and flexural strength of the concrete. Low material strength and the determination of the ideal optic fiber ratio are the key constraints. This type of concrete can be implemented in building construction and walkways but is not limited to them. This present review study additionally identifies and suggests potential future research fields as well as offers ideas for filling up the known research gaps.
Classification and Immune Function of Coelomocytes in Echinoderms
Authors: Xue Zhuang , Peng Tingting , Wang Wei
Published: November 2023

The top taxonomic position among non-chordate invertebrates, which make up the evolutionary
connection between invertebrates and vertebrates, is held by echinoderms. Their immune
responses rely on coelomocyte activity functioning concurrently with a range of humoral components
that directly interact with invasive pathogens. However, markedly lower numbers of systematic
reviews of the classification and immune function of coelomocytes have been performed
compared with those of vertebrates. Studying echinoderm coelomocytes continues to be an important
evolutionary vantage point for determining the origins of bilaterian immunity as well as
the principles behind the adaptive immune system of vertebrates. This article reviews the classifications
and immune functions of coelomocytes (sea urchin, sea cucumber and sea star). It summarizes
the research progress on immune-related genes/proteins, signal transduction pathways and
effector molecules in echinoderms according to the recent literature. This summary provides a
theoretical basis for studying coelomocytes and disease control in echinoderms. In the future, a
variety of methods and techniques should be used and combined with the surface receptors of
cells to study the classification and function of coelomocytes of echinoderms.
Internet Usage: A Crutch for Postgraduate Students with Poor Mental Health
Authors: Nemalladinne Sharon Sucharitha Gold
Published: November 2023

Background:

The intricacies of developing internet systems endowed with serendipity and surprises and the relationships among internet users as individuals and collectives have attracted the attention of several researchers from various disciplines to examine the emergent phenomena. The present study seeks to understand internet usage in the realm of psychology, where it has a profound effect on the mental health of the individual. Numerous studies have indicated that internet usage results in poor mental health and that it is responsible for psychological problems. However, on the contrary, the present study seeks to examine if the internet is being used as a mental support system for those with issues of mental health.

Aims:

This study aims to understand the predictive value of mental health in calculating internet usage among postgraduate students.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to identify whether mental health and internet usage vary with gender, to explore the relationship between mental health and internet usage, and to identify if internet usage may be predicted through mental health.

Methods:

The sample of the study consisted of N= 1040 drawn from postgraduate students studying in various universities of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in India. It is not only a gender representative but also a socio-economic representative of Indian society. The Mental Health Inventory and the Internet Addiction Scale were the tools used for the collection of data.

Results:

The results obtained were analysed using SPSS. The findings t (1035) = -3.43, p = 0.001 suggested a significant difference among the genders pertaining to mental health, and t (1031) = 7.72, p < 0.001 revealed gender difference in internet usage. Results of Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a negative and significant correlation with r = -0.212 (p <.01). Regression analysis depicted that internet usage could be predicted through mental well-being significantly at t (1035) = 11.96, F = 48.71, and p < 0.001.

Conclusion:

There is a significant gender difference in mental health and internet usage. Mental health and internet usage have a significant negative correlation. Internet usage can be predicted through the mental health of an individual.
Cultural Heritage Accounting for Participatory Governance: A Participatory Action Reseach in Pata'padang Village
Authors:   Economic and Business Faculty, Brawijaya University, Tanggulungan Gustin , Sukoharsono Eko Ganis , Djamhuri Ali , Purwanti Lilik
Published: November 2023

The study analyzes the practices of community participation in the initiation of sustainable cultural-tourism development. It will examine the accounting process in this field. In participatory action research, academics, local social actor and local government were collaboratively working as research teams. Actions that are also research methods are FGDs, interviews, and a study tour. The result of the project was a list of cultural heritage as accounting information for the development of tourist attractions and the formation of the Tourist Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) institution which marks the establishment of cohesion among research participants. Data analysis involves thematic analysis and reflection. The research indicated that activities related to the accounting process can serve as a participatory governance mechanism when designed as a value-added process and facilitated by the government's willingness to accept community-initiated activities.
Perception of Quality Service Provision in Local Government Authorities in Tanzania: A Citizen Participation Perspective
Authors:   Eastern Africa Statistical Training Centre, Muchunguzi Sospeter
Published: November 2023

Citizen participation is regarded as a process which provides private individuals an opportunity to influence public decisions and has long been a component of the democratic decision making process. The study sought to resolve the puzzle of citizen participation in Tanzania by attempting to decipher why public participation is said to be ample but the quality of health and education services provided is still perceived questionable. The study is conducted within the theoretical lens of the decentralization by devolution model and Stigler’s theory to come up with a more refined approach which envisages that increasing the number of actors in governance may probably help to resolve why decentralization by devolution does not necessarily lead to quality service delivery. The study is basically based on qualitative research design with the aim of seeking to get a deeper information regarding the issue in the two areas under study. The major findings of this study is that in instances where citizens effectively participated there were positive results but in most cases where citizens were not given chance to meaningfully participate dissatisfaction with the kind of social services provided by the government was high. Thus, strengthening local participation is an indispensable ingredient for successful provision of quality services to the citizens. The findings from this article make a valuable contribution towards understanding public participation strategies in both rural and urban areas so as to promote joint decision-making to provide effective and efficient service delivery. Consequently, recommendations are proposed to enhance quality social service provision through effective community engagement.
Pandemi dan Krisis Multidimensi: Studi Kasus Permasalahan Gender di Tengah Pandemi COVID-19
Authors:   Universitas Sains Al-Qur'an, Anwar Ahmad ,   Universitas Sains Al-Qur'an
Published: November 2023

This paper emphasizes that the Covid-19 pandemic is not just a health issue. It has caused a global economic crisis and most importantly a negative impact on gender inequality. The data was collected mainly from the UN Women and projected using content-analysis methods. Using a gender perspective, this study explains that the gender issues as a result of this crisis arise from economic activities that are not distributed fairly. In turn, this has spread to social lives of men and women with significantly more exposed women which are enforced in almost all countries. Job losses and the quality of life for both men and women have decreased. They are forced to make ends meet with increasingly limited resources. This can hamper the ongoing efforts on women's rights fulfilment and gender equality. Keywords: Covid – 19, Economic Crisis, Gender Issue
Implementasi Kebijakan Anti-Dumping Oleh Uni Eropa Terhadap Impor Velg Mobil Asal Tiongkok
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, Kristianto Alfons
Published: November 2023

The steel industry plays an important role in the EU’s (European Union) economy. Its main product is car steel road wheels (velg), which are an important component for the automotive industry. Many imported Chinese car steel road wheels have harmed and disadvantaged domestic producers and manufacturers. This is caused by the dumping practice that China applies to its car and steel road wheel products. In fact, China's dumping practice has also been repeatedly implemented for a variety of products that are exported to the EU market. For that reason, the EU took firm action by implementing an anti-dumping policy on imports of Chinese car steel road wheels. This research aims to describe the anti-dumping policy, its implementation objectives, and its impacts. This research uses the pay-off structure theory of multilateral strategy to explore the idea of cooperation under anarchy, which is derived from the neoliberalism-institutionalism concept. This study also uses a qualitative narrative analysis method by including a research question, namely, "How is the implementation of the anti-dumping policy by the EU on the import of China’s car steel road wheels?" The implementation of the EU’s anti-dumping policy on China’s car steel road wheels has several goals. The first was the EU's firm action against China's repeated dumping practices. Second, as a safeguard for the steel industry, particularly local steel road wheel manufacturers. Third, as a form of regional cohesiveness in order to face any economic injuries. Keywords: European Union, Car Wheel Steel (Velg), China, Dumping, Anti-Dumping Policy
Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei (CNCM1-1572) Against Escherichia
coli O157:H7 Isolated from Sheep
Authors: Turkey Al-Saadi Ali Jamal , Hayyawi Al-Rubay Sahar Mahdi
Published: November 2023

This study was based on the importance of the effect of L. paracasei against E.coli
O157:H7 that was isolated from sheep suffering from diarrhea in many areas of
Baghdad (Abu-Ghraib, AL-Mahmoudia and AL-Yosifiya). All samples were cultivated on MacConkey agar, Eosine Methylene Blue and Sorbitol MacConkey agar
for E. coli isolation and then identified by biochemical tests. Out of 101 diarrhea
samples, 100 isolates gave positive E. coli results. The isolates of L. paracasei
were taken and cultured on conditions at 37ºC for 24 hours in Man Rogosa Sharpe
broth and incubated under CO2 (5-10%) for 24 hours, then recultured on MRS
agar, examined by gram stain and then confirmed diagnosis by Vitek2. Lactobacillus paracasei was examined against E. coli O157:H7 by well diffusion method
and measured the diameters of the inhibition zone around colonies. Mice (white
Balb) were used as laboratory animal models to investigate the effect and efficacy
of L. paracasei in treating diarrhea caused by E. coli O157; 50 mice were divided
into five groups. The histopathological examination of the intestine noticed
changes during infection with E.coli O157:H7 treated with probiotics.
Keywords: Vitek2; Laboratory technique; MacConkey agar; Histopathology;
Iraq.
Surface assessment of CNC laser treated commercially pure Titanium and Ti 13 Zr 13 Nb alloy
Authors: Imran Alawadi Azhar , Mohammed Al-Khafaji Aseel
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the surface changes of commercial pure Titanium
disks (CP Ti) and the Ti 13Nb 13 Zr (Alloy) with a zigzag pattern of laser surface
treatment. In vitro, experimental study of CNC Laser treatment on the CP Ti and
Alloy disks. Texturing the surfaces of CP Ti and Alloy disks via CNC laser, the
sample disks were analyzed using surface roughness, wettability and FESEM. The
FESEM revealed a proper increase in the surface texturing and roughness on
macro and micro measures without crack formation or dramatic change of the core
substance of the CP Ti and Alloy disks. The CNC laser is an effective and suitable
method for surface texturing CP Ti and Alloy for dental implantology.
Keywords: Commercial pure Titanium; Ti 13 Zr 13 Nb alloy; CNC Laser; Laser
surface texturing; Dental implant and surface roughness
Patients with COVID-19 and intestinal parasites in the
Al-Diwaniyah Governorate
Authors: Hjab Alsaaeidi Salma A. , Mohsen Al-Waaly Ali B.
Published: November 2023

The study included a survey of intestinal parasites of patients infected with the
emerging Coronavirus, COVID-19, in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate from October
2021 to June 2022, aimed to study the effect of Parasitic infection associated with
COVID-19 patients in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate, by examining 211 patients with
the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-COVID-19), their infection was
confirmed by Real-time PCR method in the laboratories of Al-Diwaniyah
Teaching Hospital. The results show that single parasitic infections were more
common in COVID-19 patients, the rate of parasitic infection associated with
coronadisease was more in cities than in the countryside, males were affected more
than females, the age group (31-50) was more susceptible to infection, the rates of
infection with parasitic species associated with Covid-19 patients varied, as a
higher level of infection was recorded with Entamoeba spp with 66.66%, dwarf
tapeworm H. nana by 16.66%, Giardia lamblia parasite G. lamblia by 10%, and
finally Ascaris lumbricoides by 8.33% and 10.33%.
Keywords: protozoa, helminths, covid-19, SARS-COVID-19.
Efflux Pumps, Biofilm Formation, and Susceptibility Testing of
Escherichia Coli Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: M. Kareem Zahraa , M. Atiyea Qanat
Published: November 2023

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are infectious diseases of the urinary system caused
by several causative agents, including parasites, viruses, fungi and bacteria. The
most frequent UTI cause is Escherichia coli (E.coli). Antibiotic resistance in E.
coli has been linked to overexpression of the efflux system. This study aimed to
isolate various bacteria from UTI and then select E. coli isolates to study the
prevalence of the efflux pump genes TetA and MdfA.This study included 150
midstream urine samples from patients suffering from UTI (115 females and 35
males) with ages ranging between(5-70)years. The results showed that only 100
samples exhibited bacterial growth; 72.5% referred to female patients, while
27.5% referred to male patients. Infection with bacteria occurred most frequently
in the age group of 21-30 years. Bacterial isolates were identified by macroscopic
and microscopic examination, biochemical test and VITEK2 system. The result
showed that 40% of these growth were confirmed to be E.coli,19% Klebsiella
pneumonia,17% Staph.aureus, 13%Proteus mirabilis,7% Pseudomonas aeroginosa, 2% Staph. saprophyticus,1%Proteus vulgaris and 1%Enterobacter cloaca.The
results of sensitivity to antibiotics showed that UPEC isolates were utterly resistant
to novobiocin and rifampin 100%, ampicillin 87.5%, cefotaxime 85%, tetracycline82.5%, ciprofloxacin77.5%, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 50%, gentamicin 22.5%, nitrofurantoin 17.5% and meropenem 2.5%. All of the isolates were
multidrug resistant. The result of the biofilm-formation ability of E.coli isolates
showed that 31/40(77.5%) of isolates producing biofilm were divided into three
groups: 1 (2,5%) had strong biofilm formation, 4(10%) were moderate, and 26(65
%) were weak. The phenotypic detection of the efflux pumps was observed in
100% of the bacterial isolates at a concentration of 0.5 mg/l of ethidium bromide(ETBR). The prevalence of the TetA and MdfA efflux pump genes was
72.5% for each. The gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of TetA
and MdfA genes were 131bp and 403bp respectively.
Keywords: Efflux pumps, Urinary Tract, Infection, Parasites, E-coli.
A Video Game Intervention to Prevent Opioid Misuse Among Older Adolescents: Development and Preimplementation Study
Authors: Aneni Kammarauche , Fernandes Claudia-Santi F , Hoerner Lily A , Szapary Claire , Pendergrass Boomer Tyra M , Fiellin Lynn E
Published: November 2023

Background

Opioid misuse and mental disorders are highly comorbid conditions. The ongoing substance misuse and mental health crises among adolescents in the United States underscores the importance of widely scalable substance misuse preventive interventions that also address mental health risks. Serious video games offer an engaging, widely scalable method for delivering and implementing preventive interventions. However, there are no video game interventions that focus on preventing opioid misuse among older adolescents, and there are limited existing video game interventions that address mental health.

Objective

This study aims to develop and conduct a formative evaluation of a video game intervention to prevent opioid misuse and promote mental health among adolescents aged 16-19 years (PlaySmart). We conducted formative work in preparation for a subsequent randomized controlled trial.

Methods

We conducted development and formative evaluation of PlaySmart in 3 phases (development, playtesting, and preimplementation) through individual interviews and focus groups with multiple stakeholders (adolescents: n=103; school-based health care providers: n=51; and addiction treatment providers: n=6). PlaySmart content development was informed by the health belief model, the theory of planned behavior, and social cognitive theory. User-centered design principles informed the approach to development and play testing. The Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainability framework informed preimplementation activities. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes from interviews and focus groups that informed PlaySmart game content and approaches to future implementation of PlaySmart.

Results

We developed a novel video game PlaySmart for older adolescents that addresses the risk and protective factors for opioid misuse and mental health. Nine themes emerged from the focus groups that provided information regarding game content. Playtesting revealed areas of the game that required improvement, which were modified for the final game. Preimplementation focus groups identified potential barriers and facilitators for implementing PlaySmart in school settings.

Conclusions

PlaySmart offers a promising digital intervention to address the current opioid and mental health crises among adolescents in a scalable manner.
Characteristics of Suicide Prevention Apps: A Content Analysis of Apps Available in Canada and the United Kingdom (Preprint)
Authors: Bennett-Poynter Laura , Groves Samantha , Kemp Jessica , Shin Hwayeon Danielle , Sequeira Lydia , Lascelles Karen , Strudwick Gillian
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Mobile applications present a novel opportunity to supplement mental health care for individuals experiencing suicidal thoughts and behaviours. To develop evidence-based suicide prevention apps for individuals experiencing suicidal thoughts and behaviours in Canada and the United Kingdom, there is a need to understand the provision of apps currently available for these populations.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to examine the characteristics, features, and content of suicide prevention mobile apps available in app stores in Canada and the United Kingdom.

METHODS

Suicide prevention apps were identified from Apple and Android app stores between March-April 2023. Apps were screened against predefined inclusion criteria, and duplicate apps were removed. Data were then extracted based on descriptive (e.g., genre, app developer), security (e.g., password protection), and design features (e.g., personalization options). Content of apps were assessed using the Essential Features Framework. Extracted data were analyzed using a content analysis approach including narrative frequencies and descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

Fifty-two (n=52) suicide prevention apps were included within the review. Most were tailored for the general population and were in English language only. One app had the option to increase app accessibility by offering content presented using sign language. Many apps allowed some form of personalization by adding text content, however most did not facilitate further customization such as the ability to upload photo and audio content. All identified apps included content from at least one of the domains of the Essential Features Framework. The most commonly included domains were sources of suicide prevention support, and information about suicide. The domain least frequently included was screening tools followed by wellness content. No identified apps had the ability to be linked to patient medical records.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this research present implications for the development of future suicide prevention apps. Development of a co-produced suicide prevention app which is accessible, allows for personalization, and can be integrated into clinical care may present an opportunity to enhance suicide prevention support for individuals experiencing suicidal thoughts and behaviours.
Modeling of Strong Ground Motion Within the Baikal Rift Zone: The Irkutsk Case
Authors: Skorkina Anna
Published: November 2023

The Baikal Rift Zone is seismically active and each well recorded strong earthquake (for example, as the Kultukskoe earthquake (South of Baikal), on August 27, 2008, with Mw = 6.3) is the reason to refine existing models for seismic hazard estimates. There are several approaches to study strong ground motion, and one of them is to model synthetic accelerograms to reconstruct the rupture process. In this paper we are mostly interested in calculating accelerograms for the city of Irkutsk, considering source spectra with two corner frequencies, primarily, to reconstruct impact from the Kultukskoe earthquake.
Animales relacionales: la concepción heideggeriana del organismo biológico en los Grundbegriffe de 1929
Authors: Vila Juan
Published: November 2023

En este trabajo ofrezco una interpretación de la concepción heideggeriana del organismo biológico presente en sus cursos de 1929. Para ello, primero enmarcaré la discusión dentro de la interpretación heideggeriana del naturalismo y su manera de entender la relación entre filosofía y ciencia. Luego, analizaré su interpretación de la embriología y la ecología mediante la cual Heidegger esboza aportes originales a la filosofía de la biología, especialmente en torno al problema de la identidad del organismo biológico. Finalmente, mostraré cómo esta interpretación supone una profunda crítica a las concepciones sustancialistas del organismo a favor de una concepción relacional y procesual.
Exploring challenges and strategies in English speaking among Indonesian university students: A case study of AKM university
Authors: Anggrisia Nur Fitria , Robah Asna
Published: November 2023

English language education in Indonesia spans from primary school to university levels. However, achieving mastery in English, particularly in speaking, remains a significant challenge for Indonesian university students. This study aimed to investigate the problems faced by these students in speaking English and describe their efforts to overcome this deficiency. The research utilized a descriptive qualitative method, employing questionnaires and interviews as instruments. The study participants consisted of 45 second-semester students from the English Education Department at AKM University (pseudonym). The findings revealed that students encountered both linguistic and psychological challenges when speaking English. Linguistic problems included confusion in tense usage, a lack of grammar understanding, and difficulty in selecting appropriate vocabulary. Psychological issues encompassed feelings of nervousness, lack of confidence, fear of making mistakes, and the fear of being laughed at. Furthermore, insufficient practice emerged as an environmental factor contributing to speaking difficulties. To address these challenges, students adopted various learning strategies proposed by Oxford (1990), including memory strategies, cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies, affective strategies, and social strategies.
Anaphylactic Reactions Caused by the Covid-19 Vaccine Comirnaty in Anti-PEG Hyperimmune Pigs: Implications for the Safety of mRNA-LNP-based Vaccines and Other PEGylated Nanopharmaceuticals
Authors: Szebeni János , Barta Bálint András , Radovits Tamás , Dobos Attila Balázs , Kozma Gergely Tibor , Mészáros Tamás , Berényi Petra , Facskó Réka , Fulop Tamas , Merkely Béla
Published: November 2023

Background: mRNA-containing, PEGylated Covid-19 vaccines can cause
hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), or rarely, life-threatening
anaphylaxis in a small fraction of immunized people. A causal role of
anti-PEG antibodies (Abs) has been proposed but not yet proven in a
large animal model. Methods: Domestic pigs (n=6) were immunized with 0.1
mg/kg PEGylated liposome (Doxebo) i.v., and the rise of anti-PEG IgG and
IgM were measured in serial blood samples with ELISA. During the plateau
of seroconversion, in the 1-3 weeks postvaccination period, the animals
were injected i.v. with 1/3 human dose of the PEGylated mRNA vaccine,
Comirnaty, and the hemodynamic (PAP, SAP, pulse pressure),
cardiopulmonary (HR, EtCO2,), hematological (WBC, granulocyte,
lymphocyte and platelet counts) parameters and blood immune mediators
(anti-PEG IgM and IgG antibodies, thromboxane B2, C3a) were measured as
endpoints of anaphylaxis. Results: In about a week, the level of
anti-PEG IgM and IgG rose 5-10-thousand-fold in all of 6 pigs immunized
with Doxebo, after which time all animals developed anaphylactic shock
to i.v. injection of 1/3 human dose of Comirnaty. The reaction, starting
within 1 min, involved maximal pulmonary hypertension, decreased
systemic pulse amplitude, tachycardia, granulopenia and
thrombocytopenia. These physiological changes were paralleled by C3a and
TXB2 rises in blood and were absent in non-immunized pigs. Conclusions:
Consistent with previous studies, these data show a causal role of
anti-PEG Abs in the anaphylaxis to Comirnaty. Based on the involvement
of C activation and identity of symptoms with those observed in
pseudoallergy to PEGylated liposomes, the reaction represents C
activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA). The applied sensitization of
the porcine CARPA model may help better understand these reactions, and,
thus, make Comirnaty and other mRNA-LNP-based Vaccines and PEGylated
Nanopharmaceuticals safer.
Floral Micromorphological and palynological studies of medicinally important Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R. Br (Lamiaceae) from Assam (Udalguri) using light and scanning electron microscopy.
Authors: Alam Saklain Mustak , Sharmin Sultana , Basumatary Jiree , Kalita Himakshi , Bordoloi Chayanika
Published: November 2023

The palynology and distribution of the trichomes, on the aerial parts
and anatomy of Plectranthus scutellarioides from Udalguri district of
Assam were studied in order to understand the significance of these
features in systematics. The present work on Plectranthus
scutellarioides thus provides an empirical basis for the identification
of the species. Micromorphological features such as epidermal cell,
stomata and trichomes were also studied under both light microscope and
scanning electron microscope. The main types of trichomes - peltate,
glandular and non-glandular were observed in leaves. Different features
of pollen were observed and recorded. Photographs and Micrographs were
also provided. All the observations were done under Light microscope and
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The research provides the first
detailed descriptions of floral micromorphological and palynological
characteristics for Plectranthus scutellarioides, contributing to the
empirical identification of the species. The findings offer valuable
insights into the structure, size, and shape of stomata, as well as
trichome diversity and pollen characteristics
Investigating the Potential for RGB and Hyperspectral Imaging to Enhance Selection for Cadmium Uptake in Carrot
Authors: Zapf Kathleen , Simon Philipp , Lee Linda , Yang Yang , Oh Sungchan , Hoagland Lori
Published: November 2023

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) can take up high concentrations of
toxic heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) and store them in their edible
taproots, leading to food safety risks.  Cd poisoning in humans is
strongly linked to damage to the liver, lungs, and bones, as well as
prostate, kidney, pancreatic, and testicular cancer.  Cd may also be
detrimental to carrot plant growth and nutrient content. A potential way
to address this challenge is to select for carrot varieties with lower
uptake, however, this is difficult because plants generally exhibit few
visible signs of Cd stress. The goal of this study was to determine if
hyperspectral imaging can be used as a tool to screen for carrot
breeding lines that can withstand Cd stress and restrict uptake, thereby
accelerating breeding efforts. To accomplish this goal, we grew 6 carrot
breeding lines previously shown to differ in their tendency to
accumulate toxic heavy metals like Cd at Purdue’s Ag Alumni Phenotyping
Facility (AAPF).  Carrots were either treated or not with cadmium
chloride (CdCl), and imaged with red-green-blue (RGB)
and hyperspectral cameras throughout their growth. After 2 months,
plants were destructively harvested and Cd and other elements were
quantified using ICP.

Results of this study verified differences in the uptake of Cd and other
elements between the carrot lines, and several reflectance values and
vegetative indices have potential to detect Cd stress in carrot plants.
Plausibility of lunar crustal magmatism producing strong crustal magnetism
Authors: Liang Yuanyuan , Tikoo Sonia , Krawczynski Michael
Published: November 2023

The Moon generated a long-lived core dynamo magnetic field, with
intensities at least episodically reaching ~10­­–100 µT
during the period prior to ~3.56 Ga. While magnetic
anomalies observed within impact basins are likely attributable to the
presence of impactor-added metal, other anomalies such as those
associated with lunar swirls are not as conclusively linked to exogenic
materials. This has led to the hypothesis that some anomalies may be
related to magmatic features such as dikes, sills, and laccoliths.
However, basalts returned from the Apollo missions are magnetized too
weakly to produce the required magnetization intensities
(>0.5 A/m). Here we test the hypothesis that subsolidus
reduction of ilmenite within or adjacent to slowly cooled mafic
intrusive bodies could locally enhance metallic FeNi contents within the
lunar crust. We find that reduction within hypabyssal dikes with high-Ti
or low-Ti mare basalt compositions can produce sufficient FeNi grains to
carry the minimum >0.5 A/m magnetization intensity inferred
for swirls, especially if ambient fields are >10 μT or if
fine-grained Fe-Ni metals in the pseudo-single domain grain size range
are formed. Therefore, it is plausible that the magnetic sources
responsible for long sublinear swirls like Reiner Gamma and Airy may be
magmatic in origin. Our study highlights that the domain state of the
magnetic carriers is an under-appreciated factor in controlling a rock’s
magnetization intensity. The results of this study will help guide
interpretations of lunar crustal field data acquired by future rovers
that will traverse lunar magnetic anomalies.
PI-BODE: Programmable Intraflow-based IoT Botnet Detection system
Authors: Jovanovic Djordje , Vuletic Pavle
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we propose a Programmable Intraflow-based IoT Botnet Detection (PI-BODE) system. PI-BODE is based on the detection of the Command and Control (C&C) communication between infected devices and the botmaster. This approach allows detecting malicious communication before any attacks occur. Unlike the majority of existing work, this detection method is based on the analysis of the traffic intraflow statistical parameters. Such an analysis makes the method more scalable and less hardware demanding in operation, while having a higher or equal level of detection accuracy compared to the packet capture based tools and methods. PI-BODE system leverages programmable network elements and Software Defined Networks (SDN) to extract intraflow features from flow time series in real time, while the flows are active. This procedure was verified on two datasets, whose data were gathered during the time span of more than two years: one captured by the authors of the paper and the other, IoT23.
Feature parameters extraction and affective computing of voice message for social media environment
Authors: Jiang Peng , Guo Cui , Dai Yonghui
Published: November 2023

Voice message in social media environment includes a large number of conversation natural languages, which increases the difficulty of emotion tagging and affective computing. In order to solve the above difficulties, this paper analyzes the cognitive differences between the semantic and acoustic features of voice message from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience, and presents a voice feature extraction method based on EEG (Electroencephalogram) experiments, and gets the representation of 25 acoustic feature parameter vectors. Meanwhile, we proposed an affective computing method based on PAD (Pleasure-Arousal-Dominance) dimension emotional space according to the above parameters. Experiments show that the method can effectively solve the affective computing problem of voice message. Overall, there are two main contributions of this paper. Firstly, it comprehensively analyzes the emotional cognitive feature of voice message in social media environment from the perspectives of cognitive neural mechanism, voice acoustic feature and text semantics. Secondly, the segmented affective computing method for voice message based on acoustic feature parameters and PAD emotional state model is proposed.
Applying SPIN checker on 5G EAP-TLS authentication protocol analysis
Authors: Wang Qianli
Published: November 2023

Currently, there is relatively little formal analysis and verification work on the 5G EAP-TLS authentication protocol. In this paper, we use the model checker SPIN to perform a formal analysis of the 5G EAP-TLS authentication protocol. Firstly, we analyze the process of the 5G EAP-TLS authentication protocol and abstract it to obtain a formal model of the protocol. Then, we describe the construction of the protocol model based on the Promela language. The unique feature of this paper is the replacement of the hash value of the 5G EAP-TLS authentication protocol with the message content field encrypted by an unknown subject public key. This is because the Promela language in SPIN has an eval function that can check the value of each field. This can replace the function of the hash function and make the Promela model construction more portable. The paper analyzes the attack paths of the protocol and reveals design flaws that undermine the expected identity authentication attributes and secret consistency of the protocol. The results not only provide a comprehensive understanding of the security properties of the 5G EAP-TLS authentication protocol but also offer valuable insights and guidance for the verification of the protocol's security properties, security design, and optimization of protocol implementation and interoperability.
Machine learning based approach for exploring online shopping behavior and preferences with eye tracking
Authors: Liu Zhenyao , Yeh Wei-Chang , Lin Ke-Yun , Lin Chia-Sheng , Chang Chuan-Yu
Published: November 2023

In light of advancements in information technology and the widespread impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, consumer behavior has undergone a significant transformation, shifting from traditional in-store shopping to the realm of online retailing. This shift has notably accelerated the growth of the online retail sector. An essential advantage offered by e-commerce lies in its ability to accumulate and analyze user data, encompassing browsing and purchase histories, through its recommendation systems. Nevertheless, prevailing methodologies predominantly rely on historical user data, which often lack the dynamism required to comprehend immediate user responses and emotional states during online interactions. Recognizing the substantial influence of visual stimuli on human perception, this study leverages eye-tracking technology to investigate online consumer behavior. The research captures the visual engagement of 60 healthy participants while they engage in online shopping, while also taking note of their preferred items for purchase. Subsequently, we apply statistical analysis and machine learning models to unravel the impact of visual complexity, consumer considerations, and preferred items, thereby providing valuable insights for the design of e-commerce platforms. Our findings indicate that the integration of eye-tracking data into e-commerce recommendation systems is conducive to enhancing their performance. Furthermore, machine learning algorithms exhibited remarkable classification capabilities when combined with eye-tracking data. Notably, during the purchase of hedonic products, participants primarily fixated on product images, whereas for utilitarian products, equal attention was dedicated to images, prices, reviews, and sales volume. These insights hold significant potential to augment the effectiveness of e-commerce marketing endeavors.
The Effectiveness on the Core Competency Scale for Primary Pre-service Teachers by Using Latent Profile Analysis: Focusing on D University of Education
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Local Education Management, Jung Sung Soo , Song Young Myung , Yu Shin Bok , Shin Yi Na
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this paper was to develop the core competency scale for primary pre-service teachers based on the concept of talent and key competencies constructed by D university of Education, and also to describe its psychometric evaluation. After implementing the core competency scale developed for 544 primary pre-service teachers, average analysis and potential profile analysis were performed according to gender and grade. The analysis results are as follows. First, There was no statistically significant difference in the mean by gender and grade in all competencies except for the teacher’s characteristics competency. Second, the latent profile analysis was applied based on the developed the core competency scale, and as a result, six latent groups were derived. In detail, latent group 1(5%) showed all core competencies were low, and in particular, teacher’s characteristics competency was found to be extremely low. In group 2(12%), teacher’s characteristics competency showed a value close to the average. Group 3(15%) is a group with a lower-than-average teacher’s characteristics competency. Group 4(30%) showed a slightly higher level of teacher’s characteristics competency than average, and group 5(23%) had all core competencies slightly higher than the average. Group 6(16%) showed the overall core competency was higher than the average. Finally, the effectiveness of customized competency training was discussed.
The Current Status and Future Directions of Academic Credit Bank System
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Local Education Management, Lee Bum Soo , Eom Moon Young
Published: November 2023

Based on the Act on Recognition of Credits, the Academic Credit Bank System (ACBS) is an open educational system which recognizes diverse learning experiences gained not only in-school but also out-of-school. When a learner accumulates the necessary ACBS-approved credits, he/she can be awarded a degree. This study is to analyze the characteristics, achievements, and challenges of the ACBS from the perspective of the policy's operational structure such as 'Standardized Curriculum', 'Accreditation of Educational Programs' and 'Credit Recognition'. First of all, unlike traditional university the ACBS is a provider of education that is characterized by openness and diversity, in that various educational and training institutions can participate in. ACBS learners can acquire a degree through various credit recognition without a hard selection procedure if he or she graduated from high schools. Also, educational programs are operated flexibly to respond to the rapidly changing social structure. Next, the achievement of the ACBS has developed into a representative open higher education system in South Korea that guarantees opportunities for higher education through credit recognition for various learning experiences. However, majors have been operated by the ACBS are not differentiated from traditional university, and many degree earners are too driven in certain majors linked to some certificates, and the criteria for credit recognition among various quality of courses within the ACBS are not clear. Therefore, the ACBS should expand the specialized majors of various educational and training institutions, and enhance the equivalency by credit recognition standards for various experiential learning in the future.
Analysis of research trends on the relationship between the teaching profession and teachers' professional capital influencing factors and teacher’s professional development activities
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Local Education Management, Choi Jae Won , Kim Do Ki
Published: November 2023

This study analyzes the preceding studies on professional capital presented by Hargreaves and Fullan (2012), examines the factors influencing the formation of professional capital covered in previous studies, and find out the case of professional capital construction through teacher professional development activities. The purpose of this study was to suggest the direction of future research related to professional capital. As a result of the study, teachers' gender, career, academic background, school satisfaction, teacher job satisfaction, and principal's leadership were used as the influencing factors of professional capital in the most studies, and it was found that they had a significant influence on the formation of professional capital. Teacher professional development activities include teacher learning community, educational practice, and teacher evaluation. The formation of professional capital through teacher learning community and school field-practice was found, but professional capital was not formed through teacher evaluation. Based on these results, the direction of future research on professional capital and the improvement direction of teacher professional development activities were suggested.
Exploring the Empirical Episodes of Teacher Training for the Development of Teacher Professionality
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Local Education Management, Jeon Jesang , Yoon Jihee
Published: November 2023

This study aims to draw implications for the developmental management of teacher training policies by asking teachers' empirical perceptions about teacher training in terms of professional development. To attain the aims, by using FGI, the empirical perception of teachers on teacher training in the aspect of professional development, the empirical perception of teachers on the current teacher training policy, and the empirical requirements for future teacher training policy were explored. The main analysis results are summarized as follows. Teachers agreed on the need for training. Through training, professionalism was increased and human networks were formed. There was no difference in professional development depends on the type of training. In terms of teacher training policy, the lack of prior discussion on professionalism, difficulty to know whether teacher training condidering the life cycle is appled, lack of quality control, gap with the field, and lack of operational support were pointed out. For the development of teacher training policy, it is necessary to discuss professional development, provide practical training considering the life cycle, manage the quality of training, develop contents that reflect the needs, customized training, establish a future-oriented training system, and make efforts to support training. Based on these results, conclusions were drawn on the matters to be considered in the future teacher training policy.