bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cerminan Profesi Pengarang Dalam Novel “La Tas’aluni Lima dha Ahbabtuha” Karya Ahmad Saeed Murad
Authors: Annsa Isra , Walidin Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Penelitian yang berjudul Cerminan Profesi Pengarang Dalam Novel لا تسألني لماذا أحببتها ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejauh mana pencerminan profesi pengarang ke dalam novelnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan kajian kepustakaan. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menganalisis adalah pendekatan mimetik.Pendeketan tersebut digunakan untuk menganalisa cerminan dari profesi pengarang sebagai seorang dokter ke dalam karyanya yang juga didukung oleh biografi dari pengarang.Dalam penelitian kali ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa, pengarang terinspirasi dari kehidupan nyatanya dalam proses penciptaan karya.Penggunaan istilah-istilah kedokteran menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan dari peneitian ini bahwa karya sastra tidak bisa dilepaskan dari lingkungannya.
Mengungkap Aspek Makna Pidato Kenegaraan Presiden Tunisia Qais Saied
Authors: Putri Nadya Syafira , . Masyhur
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis ilmu ma’any yang terkandung dalam pidato kenegaraan Presiden Qais Saied dari Negara Tunisia. Tujuanpenelitian ini yakni untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai ilmuma’anyyang terkandung dalam pidato kenegaraan tersebut dan mengungkapkan kebenaran terkait media massa yang mengatakan bahwa Presiden Qais Saied adalah sosok negarawan Tunisia yang fasih dan petah lidahnya dalam berbicara bahasa Arab. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, yaitu: pertama, apa saja aspek ilmu ma’anyyang terkandung dalam pidato kenegaraan Presiden Qais Saied; Kedua, bagaimana aspek ilmu ma’anydalam pidato tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis isi terhadap pidato kenegaraan Presiden Qais Saied. Metode pengumpulan data yang peneliti gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode dokumentasi dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah dengan simak bebas libat cakap dan teknik catat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data pada penelitian ini, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwasanya Presiden Qais Saied belum bisa sepenuhnya dikatakan sebagai seseorang yang fasih dan petah lidahnya dalam berbicara bahasa Arab dari segi ilmu ma’any. Karena peneliti menemukan kalimat yang keluar dari kriteria fashahah. Adapun  kalimatyang tidak memenuhi kriteria fashahah terdiri dari kalimat keluar dari kaidah ilmu nahwu dan ilmu sharaf serta satu kalimat termasuk dalam kalimat yang jarang digunakan. Hasil analisis selanjutnya adalah ditemukannya kalam khabar dan kalam insya’ (namun tidak ditemukannya insya’ ghairu thalabi), musnad dan musnad ilaih, uslub pada bab qashar, data dalam bab washal dan data pada bab fashal. Kemudan data yang terkat dengan ijaz, data yang mengandung unsur ithnab dan kalimat yang menjadi data hasil dari musawah.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN MATERI SURAT AL HUJURAT AYAT 13 DENGAN PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA SISWA
Authors: Sodiq Seto Wicaksono , Ade Akhmad Saputra
Published: August 2024

The aim of this research is: (a) Want to know the increase in knowledge of Surah Al Hujurat Verse 13 in class IV students at SDN 41 Plus Banasin III after implementing the Discovery Learning learning model strategy. This research uses two rounds of action research. Each round consists of four stages, namely: design, activities and observation, reflection, and revision. The target of this research was class IV students at SDN 41 Plus Banyuasin III who had not yet fulfilled their KKTP. The data obtained is in the form of formative test results, observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. From the analysis results, it was found that students' knowledge increased from cycle I to cycle II, namely, cycle I (68.00%) and cycle II (92.00%). The conclusion of this research is that the discovery learning model can have a positive effect on student learning motivation, and this learning model can be used as an alternative PAI learning.
Statistical Reliability Evaluation of a k-out-of-n: G System Subject to Competing Failure Process
Authors: Aktaş Yeşim , İşçioğlu Funda
Published: August 2024

Many systems in real life can experience failure in two categories such as a soft failure process or a catastrophic failure process. Therefore, failure processes are competing since either failure can cause the system to fail. In this study, a reliability analysis of a k-out-of-n G system which is exposed to a competing failure process is investigated based on different distribution assumptions for a shock magnitude, a damage size, and a wear volume due to continuous degradation. Besides, unlike the research in this field, in a more statistical frame, the reliability results are also examined in detail by considering normal distribution assumption. The reliability results are discussed based on a change in parameters, number of shocks and time. Graphical illustrations are also provided to observe the parameter effects explicitly on the reliability of the system.
The Chicano Feminist Identity and Cultural Conflict in Sanchez’s I’m Not The Perfect Mexican Daughter
Authors: Kasih E. Ngestirosa Endang Woro , Wardaningsih Agustin Diana , Putra Ahmad Vahry Lilam
Published: August 2024

This research delves into feminist themes within the novel "I'm not the Perfect Mexican Daughter," focusing on the depiction of women through the perspectives of two key female characters. Employing feminist literary analysis, the study investigates how Chicana women are represented in a society entrenched in patriarchal norms. Drawing from Garcia’s Chicana feminist and Tong’s feminist theories, it argues that women occupy subordinate positions due to entrenched male dominance. Despite advancements in the public sphere, Chicano women are still expected to adhere to traditional family roles, being judged primarily on physical appearance. Men are portrayed as dominant figures, wielding power in economic and social realms. Through the lives of the main characters, the novel highlights the challenges and contradictions faced by Chicana women amidst the women's movement. It presents an idealized image of womanhood emblematic of Chicana experiences in the United States, exploring Julia's defiance of gender norms, Olga's complex negotiation between conformity and rebellion, and Ama's struggle with societal expectations.
Investigation into the Effects of Virtual Reality and Electrical Muscle Stimulation on Mood, Exertion and Muscular Fatigue
Authors: Hoolahan Katherine , Isakov Ivan , Chan Kit Chi
Published: August 2024

The physiological and psychological effects of the Valkyrie EIR system, which combines virtual reality, gamification, and electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), were investigated. A within-subjects design was used, 26 participants took part in two research sessions, one involving a Valkyrie class with EMS and another without. Physiological measures, including heart rate, pressure sensitivity of the biceps and triceps, and delayed onset of muscular soreness (DOMS) were assessed alongside psychological measures, including questionnaires regarding participant experience and mood, as well as rate of perceived exertion (RPE).
Mood significantly increased post-Valkyrie classes, which were deemed enjoyable and fun, with 88.5% of participants favouring the EMS condition due to increased immersion, intensity and challenge. Significant differences were found between the EMS and control conditions, including higher RPE scores, greater DOMS and a higher heart rate, when taking into consideration the interactions of variables. These results show that the EMS induced a higher intensity of exercise, with the potential for greater muscular adaptation. Overall, Valkyrie EIR with EMS was shown to be a promising approach for enhancing exercise intensity in VR whilst encouraging participant engagement.
A feasibility study toward circular bioeconomy: the case of a wood-chipping plant in Greece
Authors: Mouzakitis Yannis , Neilas Konstantinos , Adamides Emmanuel D.
Published: August 2024

The valorization of residual biomass has significant environmental, economic, and social benefits, while it constitutes a key pillar of the transition toward a circular bioeconomy model. Considering the growing research of such initiatives in vitro (under laboratory conditions), this research holds an in vivo (implementation in industry) perspective, shedding light on the understudied area of operationalization and implementation of similar projects. More specifically, this article focuses on assessing the technoeconomic viability of a plant which valorizes residual woody biomass toward high-quality woodchip production for industrial and domestic use. Toward this end, the aim of the paper is threefold: firstly, it documents the necessity and value of research at the aforementioned level of operationalization; secondly, it provides a ten-pillar structured and comprehensive framework which may guide a corresponding feasibility study; and thirdly, it provides an illustrative example of the benefits stemming from the application of the suggested framework. In this vein, the paper presents novel and detailed quantitative and qualitative evidence concerning the technological, economic, and managerial dimensions (e.g., raw materials, production process and equipment, products, location, logistics, financial assessment) of initiating a woodchip facility in the context of central Greece, a region with significant potential in relation to bioeconomic development. Overall, based on primary and secondary research, the paper highlights the critical factors for the success of such an initiative.
Single-Molecule Tracking for Live Cell Without Immobilization or Without Hydrodynamic Flow by Simulations: Thermodynamic Jitter
Authors: Földes-Papp Zeno , Baumann Gerd
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Experiments to measure a single molecule/particle, i.e. an individual molecule/particle, at room temperature or under physiological conditions without immobilization, for example on a surface, or without significant hydrodynamic flow have so far failed. This failure has given impetus to the underlying theory of Brownian molecular motion towards its stochastics due to diffusion. Quantifying the thermodynamic jitter of molecules/particles inspires many and forms the theoretical basis of single-molecule/single-particle biophysics and biochemistry. For the first time, our simulation results for a live cell (cytoplasm) show that the tracks of individual single molecules are localized in Brownian motion, while there is fanning out in fractal diffusion (anomalous diffusion).
Single-Molecule Tracking in Live Cell without Immobilization or without Hydrodynamic Flow by Simulations: Thermodynamic Jitter
Authors: Baumann Gerd , Földes-Papp Zeno
Published: August 2024

Experiments to measure a single molecule/particle, i.e. an individual molecule/particle, at room temperature or under physiological conditions without immobilization, for example on a surface, or without significant hydrodynamic flow have so far failed. This failure has given impetus to the underlying theory of Brownian molecular motion towards its stochastics due to diffusion. Quantifying the thermodynamic jitter of molecules/particles inspires many and forms the theoretical basis of single-molecule/single-particle biophysics and biochemistry. For the first time, our simulation results for a live cell (cytoplasm) show that the tracks of individual single molecules are localized in Brownian motion, while there is fanning out in fractal diffusion (anomalous diffusion).
Oxygen consumption of the dog snapper in captivity: implications of water quality and fish stage
Authors: Malanski Evandro , Gomes Silva Malanski Ana Cecilia , Loureiro Fernandes Luiz Fernando
Published: August 2024

Respirometry represents the least invasive method to investigate fish physiology. Therefore, oxygen consumption (OC) of the dog snapper Lutjanus jocu was evaluated in two specific culture water conditions: the cleanest possible water, and accumulated nitrate water. Clean water represents the seawater collected straight from the environment with a basic treatment, and nitrate water represents the seawater kept at the rearing tanks using advanced water treatment in its recirculating system, in which nitrogen compounds accumulate. Fish were classified into stages, and median OC for juvenile, grow-out and broodstock stages were 322.4, 176.5 and 78.4 mg·(kg·h)-1, respectively. Despite no significant differences in OC for the dog snapper were found during day and nighttime, this last condition represents a 5% increase on the measurements, possibly related to the circadian rhythm of this species, known for being active during the night. Remarkable increase in respirometry is observed in the dog snapper grow-out stage cultured in nitrate water. This condition demands extra management of the production to promote fish welfare, and consequently better growth.
Hubungan Employability Skills dengan Kesiapan Kerja Siswa di SMK N 1 Sawit
Authors: Anto Arif Budi , Rohman Ngatou , Towip Towip
Published: August 2024

This study aims to (1) determine the relationship between employability skills and work readiness of SMK N 1 Sawit students. The research method used is quantitative descriptive which is described from the data results. The sampling technique in this research was simple random sampling or random sampling with a total of 140 class Data collection was carried out using questionnaires from class XII students who concentrated in the mechanical field. The validity test technique was carried out by comparing the calculated r value with the table r value and a reliability test using the Cronbach's Alpha formula > 0.6 using a sample of 30 students and obtained results for employability skills of 0.957 and work readiness of 0.800. The analysis prerequisite tests in this research consist of normality tests and linearity tests which aim to determine the normality of the data and the suitability of data that has been filled in by 140 students who concentrate on machines and processed using SPSS version 26.0. So that normal and linear data results are obtained. Hypothesis testing in this study uses the Pearson correlation test to determine the relationship between two variables. The research results are as follows, there is a positive relationship between the employability skills variable and students' work readiness at SMK N 1 Sawit where employability skills have a relationship with work readiness. The value of the effective contribution was 70.8%, while the remaining 29.2% was influenced by other factors, both internal and external to each individual.
COMPETITION AS A KEY PROPERTY OF THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS MARKET
Authors: Volyk Serhii
Published: August 2024

Competition in the agricultural sector results from the unity of conflicting factors: the maximum freedom of activity of market forces and the significant influence of the state on the
processes taking place in the industry, which ensures the overall efficiency of social production. Regulation of competition in the agricultural market in developed countries is a developed and expensive system. Currently, it is impossible to provide the same robust support to the agricultural sector in the country, but the principles and methods used for this can be taken into account. Different types of competition are developing in the agri-food market. Intra-industry competition is possible only if production and sales costs are reduced and weak, technically backward enterprises are pushed out of the market. Interindustry competition leads to the redistribution of capital and other resources between industries, taking into account the rate of return. Participation in agriculture in this competition is only possible with state support due to the low speed of capital turnover and high capital intensity in this field. Intra-industry competition initiates technical progress, and inter-industry competition contributes to the structural development of the agricultural industry. To a certain extent, agricultural product markets are characterized by perfect competition, and food markets are characterized by monopolistic competition. It is emphasized that competition covers all spheres of commodity production, distribution, market exchange, and consumption. It manifests differently in each branch of the economy, which is determined by the specifics of their activity. Conducted studies of competition in the market of agricultural raw materials and food indicate the need to strengthen the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products and ensure consumer, quality, and price characteristics of agricultural products, raw materials, and food that are comparable to the world level, regardless of orientation to domestic or foreign markets. It is noted that competition in agriculture is characterized by many competitors on the market and obstacles in the production and sale of agricultural products.
The Analysis of Factors of Pregnant Mother Satisfaction With 10T Antenatal Services in Garut West Java
Authors: Dinengsih Sri , Kundaryanti Rini , Nurdiani Leni
Published: August 2024

Satisfaction with antenatal care worldwide is influenced by many factors, including access, health resources, government policies, and other factors. In some areas, especially in developing countries, access to health services is often limited, and coverage of antenatal visits is often poor. Inconsistency in providing comprehensive services, lack of medical resources, and less intensive monitoring are examples. This cross-sectional study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the level of maternal satisfaction with 10T antenatal care. Random sampling was the sampling technique. The research tool consisted of a questionnaire on the satisfaction of pregnant women, which consisted of a component of questions on the implementation of classes related to pregnant women. with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.540, This questionnaire has been tested for validity and reliability. To analyse the level of satisfaction of pregnant women towards 10T pregnancy services at UPT Puskesmas Sukakarya Garut in 2023, this study was conducted with descriptive statistics and Chie Square test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between satisfaction and pregnancy services 10 T (0.000 <0.05), the truth (0.000 <0.05). Patient satisfaction is strongly influenced by 10T antenatal services. Suggestion: it is expected to increase the reliability of midwives in implementing ANC services to meet the needs of pregnant women so that the quality of antenatal service coverage is well achieved.
INFERRING THE SIGNATURE OF PAST INTRA-PREDATORY COMPETITION FROM DRILLING PREDATION PATTERNS: INSIGHTS FROM RED SEA AND ADRIATIC SEA DEATH ASSEMBLAGES
Authors: CHATTOPADHYAY DEVAPRIYA , NAWROT RAFAŁ , ZUSCHIN MARTIN
Published: August 2024

The fossil record of drill holes on molluscan shells left by carnivorous predators has often been used to test the evolutionary impact of ecological interactions. Ecological experiments document a significant change in the predatory behavior of drillers due to competition and predict a substantial influence of such interaction on predator-prey dynamics. However, it is not always reliable to extrapolate results from experiments to the fossil record. The well-studied bivalve death assemblages from the Bay of Safaga (northern Red Sea) and the Bay of Panzano in the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea) provide a unique opportunity to test if the experimentally observed impact of competition on predatory drilling behavior can be detected in time-averaged molluscan assemblages. The death assemblages of the two regions exhibit unequal molluscan predator-prey abundance ratios (PPAR). Considering that competition among the predators increases when the number of prey individuals per predator decreases, we used PPAR as a new indirect proxy for intra-predatory competition and evaluated its relationship with various measures of drilling predation intensity and predatory behavior. In contrast to the expectations from the behavioral experiments of previous studies, our results show that higher PPAR in the Adriatic assemblage indicating more competitive seascape is associated with higher drilling frequency (DF), and lower edge-drilling frequency (EDF) compared to the Red Sea assemblage. On the other hand, the Adriatic assemblage has higher incidence of incomplete drill holes, which were mostly produced by larger predators. However, a number of taphonomic, ecological and environmental factors may obscure the relationship between PPAR and drilling predation measures observed in the studied death assemblages. Because it is nearly impossible to account for all of these factors in fossil assemblages, the PPAR-based approach of tracking intra-predatory competition may be difficult to apply in deep time, demonstrating the limits of using indirect proxies and experimental results to trace competition in the fossil record.
Pembuangan Limbah Bahan Beracun dan Berbahaya (B3)
Authors: Rachman RA Nur Laili Maisya , Safira Martha Eri
Published: August 2024

In Article 1 of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, the authority to protect and manage the environment is carried out by the Central Government which has the authority, Regional Governments and levels of society related to the management and utilization of the environment. One of environmental management is B3 waste management. One of the cases currently being considered is the discovery of medical waste in the form of HIV blood bags at the Bangkalan TPS. A blood bag with HIV written on it was found at the Junok Waste Disposal Site (TPS), Burneh District, Bangkalan Regency, East Java. The B3 waste or medical waste belongs to the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) Bangkalan. The purpose of this research is to describe the government's role in relation to this case in terms of Law Number 32 of 2009 and Fiqh Al-Bī'ah. The research method used in this research is qualitative research with the type of qualitative field research. Meanwhile, data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. The conclusion is that the role of the government through lower agencies such as the Environmental Service, Health Service and Bangkalan Regency Police is correct and in accordance with Law Number 32 of 2009 where each agency has its own solution in dealing with the problem of hazardous waste disposal cases. The legal solutions and settlements carried out by the relevant parties, if viewed from Fiqh Al-Bī'ah, are correct and appropriate. In this case, the community has also played a role in reporting the discovery of B3 waste. There are several similarities and differences in legal provisions between Law Number 32 of 2009 and fiqh al-bi'ah, these differences and similarities can be taken or used depending on the government as the holder of power and who can make decisions.
Benzodiazepines: a descriptive study of prescription patterns in Tabriz, Iran, 2021-2022
Authors: Fakhari Ali , Azimian Ali , Farahbakhsh Mostafa , Khameneh Amin , Matinkia Mahsa , Aghajani Ehsan
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Benzodiazepines are widely prescribed medications for anxiety, insomnia, and other conditions; they offer therapeutic benefits but also pose risks such as dependence and misuse. This study aimed to analyze the prescribing patterns of benzodiazepines among physicians in Tabriz, Iran, over a one-year period, considering factors such as physician specialty, age, and sex.
Method
A descriptive study was conducted using data extracted from the Social Security Organization in Iran. Benzodiazepine prescriptions in Tabriz from March 2022 to March 2023 were analyzed. Prescription data were categorized by physician specialty, age group, and sex. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 2022.
Results
A total of 217,154 benzodiazepine prescriptions were issued by 5,118 physicians to 144,386 individuals during the study period. Alprazolam was the most frequently prescribed benzodiazepine, followed by chlordiazepoxide and clonazepam. The prescription patterns showed that approximately age 40 was the mode, and the patterns were similar for both genders. General practitioners accounted for the highest frequency of prescriptions, followed by psychiatrists, internists, and cardiologists. Long-acting benzodiazepines were predominantly prescribed psychiatrists, who were particularly interested in this topic.
Conclusion
The differences in prescribing patterns among medical specialties highlight the nuanced considerations guiding benzodiazepine use in various clinical contexts. While cardiologists and surgeons prioritize short-acting benzodiazepines for perioperative anxiety management, neurologists and psychiatrists demonstrate a predilection for clonazepam, emphasizing familiarity and perceived efficacy based on clinical experience.
PM10 pollutant concentration forecasting through statistical and intelligent methods applied to Celaya City, México.
Authors: Gavira Amanda E. Violante , Trujillo-Romero Felipe
Published: August 2024

In recent decades, the World Health Organization and the scientific community have provided convincing evidence of the harmful effects on health due to exposure to atmospheric particles with a diameter of fewer than 10 microns or PM10. For this reason, this organization has alerted governments to measure, control, and evaluate air quality in real-time and in the medium term. For this reason, this work predicts PM10 particles using time series and a multilayer perceptron system to estimate PM10 concentrations over time. Four-time series models were analyzed, and four different multilayer perceptron architectures were used to determine the best prediction and know the pollutant's in short-term and medium-term future behavior. The results show that the neural system provides a better forecast in the short term with an error of 7.68% compared to the best time series method, the TIE, whose error was 27.20%. While in the medium term, the error was 31.10% for the TIE and 9.16% for the neural network.
Nurses’ Support of Treatment Decision-Making for Patients with Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan
Authors: Yoshida Shiori , Sasaki Konosuke , Sato Fumiko
Published: August 2024

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, cancer patients became reluctant to come to the hospital, receive cancer treatment, and were willing to interrupt or postpone treatment due to concerns about infection. The purpose of this study was to discuss effective treatment strategy decision making support for cancer patients by nurses recognized during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
The study population comprised nurse of decision-making support at cancer care during COVID-19 from May to July 2021 at 49 the cancer care center hospitals were established in each prefecture, who had engaged 50% of their nursing care provided to patients with cancer. Data were collected on treatment strategy decision-making support using an online cross-sectional survey. Factors that influenced patients’ decision-making were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results
A total of 182 (25.0%) were nurses engaged in decision making were enrolled in this study. Factors that influenced patients’ decision to receive treatment to their satisfaction were their resignation or compromise in accepting the decision due to the pandemic (odds ratio [OR] 0.44 (95% CI [0.22, 0.87]), videoconference follow-up (OR 0.17, 95% Cl [0.04, 0.66]), and infection prevention information provision (OR 3.82, 95% Cl [1.54,9.46]). Factors influencing patients’ decision to give up and accept the doctor’s recommendation even though they were not convinced included fear of disease progression (OR 2.51, 95% Cl [1.21, 5.22]), anger at not receiving the treatment they desired (OR 2.48, 95% Cl [1.17, 5.27]), and compromise with the pandemic situation (OR 3.15, 95% Cl [1.53, 6.50]). The factor that influenced patients’ continued treatment even though they were not convinced included the nurse listened to the patients’ thoughts (OR 0.07, 95% Cl [0.01, 0.51]).
Conclusion
Treatment decision support of patients with cancer during COVID-19 included lifestyle guidance to prevent the spread of infection and listening to their concerns to help them find meaning in their choices.
Research on target detection method of distracted driving behavior based on improved YOLOv8
Authors: Zhou Muyao , Shao Pengfei
Published: August 2024

Distracted driving is one of the main causes of road traffic accidents. With the rapid development of deep learning technology, the detection and classification of drivers' distracted driving behaviors have put forward higher accuracy requirements. However, the existing deep learning methods are computationally intensive and have many redundant parameters, which limits their efficiency and accuracy in practical applications. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved YOLOv8 driver distracted driving behavior detection method based on the original YOLOv8 model by integrating the BoTNet module, the GAM attention mechanism and the EIoU loss function. By optimizing the feature extraction and multi-scale feature fusion strategies, the model training and inference processes are simplified, and the detection accuracy and efficiency are significantly improved. Experimental results show that the improved model excels in both detection speed and accuracy, with an accuracy of 99.4%, and the model is small and easy to deploy. The model is able to identify and classify distracted driving behaviors in real time and issue timely alerts when dangerous driving behaviors are detected, thus improving driving safety.
Effects of brown rice supplementation on physical, cognitive and mental health among adults: Study protocol for a longitudinal, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Takahashi Michio , Kokubun Keisuke , Yoda Mayuko , Kawaoka Shinpei , Nakase Taizen , Tadashi Ohara , Taki Yasuyuki
Published: August 2024

Background
The consumption of brown rice, which contains bran and germs and is rich in fiber, micronutrients, and phytochemicals, can contribute to good physical, cognitive, and mental health. However, these health benefits and relevant mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, especially in human subjects. Therefore, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of brown rice supplementation on various aspects of health and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Methods
This study will be a prospective, longitudinal, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Eighty healthy adults aged 20 to 64 years will receive brown rice supplements or placebo for 6 months. We will assess immune function, metabolism, the gut microbiota, and physical and mental health at baseline and at the endpoint. We will also compare these data within and between intervention groups.
Discussion
This study is the first to examine the effectiveness of brown rice supplement consumption on various aspects of health, including immune, cognitive, physical and mental health. Furthermore, we hypothesize that changes in the variation in the gut microbiota play a key role in the mechanisms underlying these health effects; therefore, we will investigate how changes in the gut microbiota caused by the consumption of brown rice supplements affect health status. We hope that the information derived from this study will be useful for promoting the use of brown rice supplements as a healthy food and improving public health.
Trial registration:
University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR), UMIN000049330. Registered on 8 November 2022. https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/detail?trial_id=UMIN000049330
Unraveling nonlinear effects of environment features on green view index using multiple data sources and explainable machine learning
Authors: Chen Cai , Wang Jian , Li Dong , Sun Xiaohu , Zhang Jiyong , Yang Changjiang , Zhang Bo
Published: August 2024

Urban greening plays a crucial role in maintaining environmental sustainability and enhancing people's well-being. However, limited by the shortcomings of traditional methods, studying the heterogeneity and nonlinearity between environmental factors and green view index (GVI) still faces many challenges. To address the concerns of nonlinearity, spatial heterogeneity, and interpretability, an interpretable spatial machine learning framework incorporating the Geographically Weighted Random Forest (GWRF) model and the SHapley Additive exPlanation (Shap) model is proposed in this paper. In this paper, we combine multi-source big data, such as Google Street View data and remote sensing images, and utilize semantic segmentation models and geographic data processing techniques to study the global and local interpretation of the Beijing region with GVI as the key indicator. Our research results show that: (1) Within the Sixth Ring Road of Beijing, GVI shows significant spatial clustering phenomenon and positive correlation linkage, and at the same time exhibits significant spatial differences; (2) Among many environmental variables, the increase of vegetation coverage has the most significant positive effect on GVI, while the increase of building density shows a strong negative correlation with GVI; (3) Whether it is the vegetation cover rate, urban built environment or socio-economic factors, their influence on GVI shows non-linear characteristics and a certain threshold effect; (4) The performance of the GWRF model in simulating and predicting GVI is excellent and far exceeds that of existing models. Based on these findings, this study can provide an important reference for urban planners to enhance urban greening.
Investigating a continental Australian VGOS VLBI intensive for UT1-UTC determination
Authors: McCarthy Tiege , McCallum Lucia , Schartner Matthias
Published: August 2024

In this simulation study, we investigate the potential performance of VLBI intensives using the AuScope 12-metre VLBI network. This continental Australian network consisting of three stations, has recently been fully upgraded with VGOS receivers and has the capacity for observing the first southern hemisphere VGOS intensive series. This intensive series can be conducted entirely in-house, from the scheduling through to the correlation and post-processing. We determine such a VGOS intensive series could achieve a median performance, with respect to the estimation of UT1-UTC, of 9.74 μs for mean formal error and 17.95 μs for repeatabiliy, which is comparable to existing inter-continental S/X intensive series. Additionally, we investigate the effects of varying observation duration and session duration on the accuracy of the UT1-UTC estimate from this network. The ideal location for a 4th station on continental Australia is also evaluated under the context of optimising UT1-UTC performance, with north-eastern Tasmania providing the greatest increase to UT1-UTC accuracy. Finally, we investigate the effect of adding the Warkworth 12-metre into the network and determine the best location for a future antenna to be situated to maximise UT1-UTC performance.
Hydrological Dynamics in Various Agroecological Zones and Impacts of Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Runoff and Sediment Yield in the Africa ecoregion, Bale Eco- Region
Authors: Berhanu Daniel , Gashaw Temesgen , Haileslassie Amare , Alamirew Tena , Mekuria Wolde , Zeleke Gete , Lemann Tatenda , Hurni Hans , Feyisa Gudina Legese
Published: August 2024

Protecting and conserving Africa's ecoregions is crucial for mitigating environmental challenges, maintaining the continent's ecological health, ensuring the survival of its unique species, and supporting the livelihoods of its people. The Bale Eco-Region (BER) of Southern Ethiopia is characterized by high surface runoff and sediment yield. This study assessed hydrological dynamics across different agro-ecological systems and rainfall pattern in three watersheds (Bekaye, Hawo and Horosoba) for the period 2016-2023. It also investigated the impacts of soil and water conservation (SWC) measures on runoff and sediment yield for Bekaye watershed that has different rainfall pattern from most of previous study in the country. Data on rainfall, water level, and suspended sediment concentrations were collected from 2016 to 2023. Significant differences in runoff coefficient and sediment yield were observed among the watersheds. Bekaye experienced more intense rainfall events compared to Hawo and Horosoba. Bekaye had a higher runoff coefficient (38.4%) and sediment yield (15.5 t/ha) while Hawo had lower runoff coefficient (19.6%) and sediment yield (3.2 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹). The volume of runoff and suspended sediment concentration were measured for the Bekaye watershed before (2016) and after SWC interventions (2017-2023). The SWC interventions in Bekaye help in reducing runoff and sediment yield, as well as increasing base flow in the subsequent years. The results of this research, conducted under different rainfall patterns, show a lower reduction in sediment yield (<30%) compared to most earlier studies that reported a reduction of more than 40%. Thus, conducting comparative studies across different regions with varied rainfall patterns and catchment characteristics is crucial to identifying the key factors influencing sediment yield. Generally, long-term monitoring and maintenance are key to ensuring that SWC measures continue to provide benefits in diverse agroecological settings.
Multiscale Analysis of Heart Sound Signals in the Wavelet Domain for Heart Murmur Detection
Authors: Vimalajeewa Dixon , Vidakovic BRANI , Lee Chihoon
Published: August 2024

A heart murmur is an atypical sound produced by the flow of blood through the heart. It can be a sign of a serious heart condition, so detecting heart murmurs is critical for identifying and managing cardiovascular diseases. However, current methods for identifying murmurous heart sounds do not fully utilize the valuable insights that can be gained by exploring different properties of heart sound signals. To address this issue, this study proposes a new discriminatory set of multiscale features based on the scaling and complexity properties of heart sounds, as characterized in the wavelet domain. Scaling properties are characterized by examining fractal behaviors, while complexity is explored by calculating wavelet entropy. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of these proposed features for detecting murmurs using a set of classifiers. When applied to a publicly available heart sound dataset, our proposed wavelet-based multiscale features achieved comparable performance to existing methods with fewer features. This suggests that scaling nature and complexity properties in heart sounds could be potential biomarkers for improving the accuracy of murmur detection.
Robot-Assisted unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of single-level degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: Ipsilateral direct with contralateral indirect decompression
Authors: Yi Han , Zhang Senglin , Liu Peng , Lin Shu , Zhang Kun , Hu Jiang , Wang Fei , Tang Fang , Zhang Wei
Published: August 2024

Objective Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis often leads to bilateral spinal canal and intervertebral foramen stenosis, yet symptoms frequently present unilaterally. The need for decompression on the asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic side remains a topic of debate.Methods There were 28 patients with single-level degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (Meyerding grades I/II) with bilateral symptoms were selected for this study. We measured preoperative and postoperative foramen height (FH), foraminal area (FA), disc height (DH), cross-sectional area of spinal canal(CASC), and degree of upper vertebral slip (DUVS). Clinical outcomes were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the Macnab standard was used to evaluate the efficacy at the last postoperative follow-up.Results All parameters on the surgical side and the contralateral side presented a significant increase compared to preoperative values (P < 0.001). The postoperative values for FH on operative and contralateral sides were 18.13 ± 1.19 mm and 18.49 ± 1.09 mm, for FA were 120.04 ± 23.57 mm2 and 123.07 ± 21.51 mm2, for DH were 8.53 ± 0.77 mm, and the cross-sectional area of spinal canal were 117.29 ± 16.832. The VAS scores and ODI scores for lumbar pain and bilateral leg pain improved significantly.Conclusion Satisfactory ipsilateral direct and contralateral indirect decompression can be achieved by unilateral-approach RA-ULIF.Routine decompression on the contralateral side may not be necessary for patients with bilateral symptoms and bilateral intervertebral foramen stenosis in single-level lumbar spondylolisthesis, barring cases of severe spinal stenosis.
Outcomes of patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia requiring lung resections in a third level Hospital
Authors: Sánchez-Pereda Diego , Gomez-Portugal Emmanuel Peña , Canto-Losa Jorge , Alvarez Jorge Jaspersen , Anaya-Ayala Javier E
Published: August 2024

Background:Currently there is little evidence on surgical management of pulmonary complications of COVID-19 pneumonia. This study aimed to give an insight into common complications arising in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia that required lung resections and at those patient outcomes.
Methods: This is a retrospective single-center study looking at conditions arising in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, who required lung resection for resolution between March 2020 and March 2021. Clinical presentation, indications to undergo surgery, and factors associated with increased mortality were analyzed. Analysis of nominal variables was performed using either Chi square or Fisher's exact test accordingly. Continue variables were analyzed using the Student T-test.
Results:Twelve men (92.3%) and one woman (7.7%) were included in the analysis; age of included participants ranged from 27 to 72 years, with mean age being 52. The most common presenting signs and symptoms were dyspnea and tachypnea, which were present in all patients, most common cause for surgery was pneumatocele with 6 cases, followed by lung abscess; patients who underwent surgery because of persistent air leak were more likely to require surgical reintervention (p= 0.005). The overall mortality in our sample was 23%. Increasing age (p=0.014), Myalgias (p=0.035), elevated D-dimer (p=0.007) and pulmonary embolism (p=0.014) were associated with increased mortality.
Conclusions : Lung resections to treat pulmonary complications in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia appear to be safe, with a survival rate of 77%. Recognizing clinical characteristics such as age, myalgias, elevated D-dimer and pulmonary embolism can aid in identifying those at increased risk.
Benthic Diatoms as indicators of water quality in Sharda (Kali), a Transboundary Himalayan River
Authors: Naz Saleha , Verma Jyoti , Khan Ambrina Sardar , Dhyani Shalini , Srivast Geeta , Singh Prishita , Sharma Abhishek Kumar , Srivast Prateek
Published: August 2024

Bioassessment studies in river systems of India are rather scarce and most of the monitoring programmes still rely on the traditional physical and chemical analysis. We explored the biomonitoring potential of benthic diatoms from the Sharda (Kali) river in the Himalayas, which is due interlinking with the Yamuna River under the National River Linking Programme (NRLP) in India. Seventeen sites along the Sharda were sampled in November 2022 for the analysis of 14 physical and chemical variables and benthic diatoms. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) and Principal Component analysis (PCA) of the physico-chemical data set revealed two major groups of sites; the majorly unpolluted sites at higher elevations of Kumaun Himalayas (KH) and the low or moderately polluted sites of Terai Plains (TP) at lower elevations. Application of WQI assigned a good water quality class (B) to all selected sites. A total of 107 diatom taxa were recorded during the present study. Achnanthes pseudoswazi, Achnanthes minutissima, Achnanthidium pusillum, Geissleria decussis, Reimeria sinuata were the most abundant forms from KH whereas Gomphonema acuminatum, Cymbella excisa, Cocconeis pediculus, Nitzschia linearis, Navicula angusta were the dominant forms recorded from TP. A decrease in diatom diversity was observed from KH to TP sites. Significant differences (p < 0.05 & p < 0.01) between diatom diversity index scores was observed between KH and TP sites. Diversity indices correlated significantly with important water quality variables. The results of the TDI, IPS, IDG and IDSE diatom biotic indices corroborated well with the recorded physico-chemical variables and WQI values. IPS diatom index exhibited better resolution than WQI with reference to categorization of sites and subsequent establishment of ecological status. IPS was found to be the most suitable index and could be utilized for a pre-linkage ecological status establishment for the Sharda River. However, weak correlations of diatom indices and water quality variables along with low percentage of taxa included for computation of diatom indices reiterates the importance of establishment of region specific autecological preferences of diatoms and subsequent formulation of a customized diatom index for the Sharda River system.
Enhancing English to Amharic machine translation with prior knowledge integration: Leveraging syntactic structures of the source language
Authors: Asebel Muluken Hussen , Assefa Shimelis Getu , Haile Mesfin Abebe
Published: August 2024

Machine translation has made significant progress in automating the conversion of human languages using computational methods. However, achieving human-level performance remains a challenge, particularly for languages such as Amharic. This paper aims to bridge this gap by integrating prior knowledge, particularly the syntactic structure of the source language, into Graph Neural Networks for English-to-Amharic machine translation. Our objective is to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of integrating syntactic information into Graph Neural Networks to improve translation quality. We conduct a thorough review of relevant literature and describe the preprocessing steps for both existing and newly collected parallel corpora used in training. Our approach involves preprocessing data and discussing the proposed Graph2Seq models. Experimental results demonstrate a notable 4.56% increase in bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU) score compared to the baseline, indicating a significant improvement in translation quality. Moreover, our models exhibit a 1.98% enhancement in BLEU score over previous attempts, highlighting the value of integrating syntactic information into Graph Neural Networks. Through meticulous experimentation and analysis, we illustrate the efficacy of incorporating source language syntax into Graph Neural Networks for enhancing English-to-Amharic machine translation. This study contributes to the advancement of machine translation systems, particularly for low-resource languages, and lays the foundation for future research in integrating syntactic knowledge across diverse linguistic tasks and languages.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the DREB gene family in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.)
Authors: Zhang Yujia , Zhang Liguang , Chen Mingxun , Wang Jiagang , Dong Shuqi , Yuan Xiangyang , Li Xiaorui
Published: August 2024

Background
Dehydration response element binding factors (DREBs) represent a family of plant-specific transcription factors involved in regulating plant responses to various abiotic stresses.
Results
This study identified and analyzed members of the SiDREB gene family for physicochemical properties, phylogeny, and structure of the encoded proteins. The expression pattern of the DREB transcription factor in foxtail millet under stress was analyzed by combining the qRT-PCR data of foxtail millet after low temperature, ABA, and osmotic stress (20% PEG 6000). There were 56 SiDREB genes, divided into 6 subgroups, which were located on 9 chromosomes of foxtail millet. Chromosomal localisation showed that the SiDREB genes were unevenly distributed on 9 chromosomes. Further qRT-PCR results revealed that 19 SiDREB genes have been identified as playing a role in the response to abiotic stress and ABA.
Conclusions
The results of this study laid a foundation for further study on the function of DREB genes in foxtail millet and will be beneficial to the genetic improvement of foxtail millet.