bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How human-AI feedback loops alter human perceptual, emotional and social judgements
Authors: Glickman Moshe , Sharot Tali
Published: November 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are rapidly advancing, enhancing human capabilities across various domains spanning from finance to medicine. Despite their numerous advantages, AI systems can exhibit biases in judgments ranging from perception to emotion. Here, in a series of experiments (N=1,201), we reveal a feedback loop where human-AI interactions alter processes underlying human perceptual, emotional and social judgements, subsequently amplifying biases in humans. This amplification is significantly greater than observed in interactions between humans, due both to the tendency of AI systems to amplify biases and to how humans perceive AI systems. Participants are often unaware of the extent of the AI’s influence, rendering them more susceptible to it. These findings reveal a mechanism wherein AI systems amplify human biases, which are further internalized by humans during human-AI interactions, triggering a snowball effect where small errors in judgment escalate into much larger ones.
A multi-group analysis of the impact of lean manufacturing practices on operational performance: Does the national culture matter?
Authors: Le Nguyen Hoang
Published: November 2022

Purpose- Although there are abundant studies addressing the technical aspects of lean manufacturing, few have been done to examine the influence of national culture on its effectiveness. Moreover, the “true” relationship between national culture and operational performance from practising lean manufacturing is probably non-linear, thus leading to an inconsistent role of national culture in previous research. By employing multi-group invariance analyses that do not face the strict assumption of linearity relationships, this study aims to investigate how the impact of lean manufacturing practices on operational performance differs across groups with different national cultural dimensions.Design/methodology/approach- Seven models associated with five cultural dimensions and two control variables (i.e. type of ownership, size of enterprise) are developed and tested based on 271 global manufacturing plants located in Vietnam. Findings- The results indicated that lean manufacturing is more effective in plants with a small size that value a low power distance, low uncertainty avoidance, and feminine culture. These results partially support the practice-culture congruence perspective. Originality/value- This study provides an alternative analytical approach to study the role of natural culture and shows what specific cultural dimensions are congruent with lean manufacturing practices. These empirical results contribute to a deeper understanding of the reasons why certain companies find lean manufacturing practices difficult and/or fail to achieve their target performance.
Optimizing production of biodiesel from Nyamplung oil with microwave power setting
Authors: Syam Sudirman , Kurniati Sri
Published: November 2022

This experimental study examined the processing of biodiesel from Nyamplung oil bymicrowave power regulation. The aim is to optimize biodiesel yields based on the time process andheating temperature of 650 oC. A suitable method for analyzing biodiesel results is to set the 400Watts microwave power to 10%, 30%, and 50% of the maximum power. In this process a 1% w/wKOH catalyst is used with a variety of molar ratios of oil-methanol such as 1:6, 1:9, and 1:12. Theresults showed that the 1:6 molar ratio is the highest percentage of biodiesel obtained with avariation of power of 10% or equal to 40W. The fastest time in this process is 10 minutes. Incontrast, the 1:12 molar ratio is the lowest obtained percentage of biodiversity. The higher thetemperature and the molar ratio used the fewer biodiesel products are obtained.
Perilaku Kelalaian Meruntuhkan Perekonomian
Authors: Trilaksono  , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji salah satu faktor penting yang menyebabkan runtuhnya perekonomian dalam lingkup masyarakat secara luas, yakni perilaku kelalaian penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rujukan utama yakni kandungan hikmah pada surat At-takasur yang mana pada surat ini menjelaskan tentang perilaku kelalaian yang menyebabkan runtuh nya perekonomian.Pada dasar nya dari penelitian ini peneliti ingin memberikan penjelasan kepada masyarakat luas kalau perilaku kelalaian adalah sesuatu yang sangat merugikan khusus nya pada diri sendiri. Hal ini dilakukan karena banyak ketidak kesadaran masyarakat tentang kelalaian adalah sesuatu yang sangat merugikan khusus nya pada diri sendiri.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni dengan metode tafsir tahlili (analitik) dan tafsir maudhu'i (tematik). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perilaku kelalaian merupakan salah satu faktor yang cukup signifikan dalam meruntuhkan ekonomi bangsa.
Pemeliharaan Harta Anak Yatim Oleh Wali Dalam QS. An – Nisa Ayat 2
Authors: Ristianti Dinni , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: November 2022

Islamic law instructs the guardians of orphans not to arbitrarily affect the orphans and their property. Because children are part of the younger generation as one of the human resources who have a strategic role in forming a better family. Guardians should not behave unjustly towards orphans. he law recommends the guardian to make a list of assets so that the guardian's property is not mixed with the orphan's property and in Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, it is regulated about the prohibition of using and consuming excessively, moving and selling the property of orphans. However, the reality of society, in the care of orphans has not been carried out as specified in Islamic teachings.In maintaining the property of an orphan by a guardian, the guardian must have a concept in managing finances on a monthly or yearly basis, it is better if he develops his property so that it is "alive" and not "frozen" in order to get benefits to cover his daily life. And if the child has reached puberty, is an adult or can manage his own property, his property must be handed over honestly according to the assets he has and when submitting he must present witnesses so that there is a guarantee for his responsibility so as not to cause disputes or quarrels that can lead to disputes and conflicts. prejudice,By understanding the maintenance of the orphan's property, the guardian or the one who is entrusted with the care of the orphan's property can be more careful and pay attention to the property as best as possible starting from the time it is guarded until the time it is handed over when the child is an adult.In QS. An - Nisa verse 2 explains about the care of orphans by guardians when the orphans are mature (adults) they can manage their own assets
Teori Dan Konsep Kewirausahaan
Authors: Mansur Mansur , Dr. Erny Rachmawati  , Caroline  , Pratama Fidya Arie
Published: November 2022

Buku ini merupakan simbol semangat intelektual dalam mengakaji ilmu pendidikan yang terbit pada tahun 2021. Kontributor dari buku ini adalah para peneliti dan dosen dari berbagai kampus di Indonesia. Mereka memiliki latar belakang pendidikan yang berbeda. Penulisan buku ini dilandasi atas pentingnya update penelitian terbaru tentang kajian ilmu kewirausahaan dengan tema “Teori dan Konsep Kewirausahaan”.Buku ini terdiri dari 169 artikel yang dimasukan ke dalam 16 bab di dalam buku ini. Upaya penyusunan buku ini dilakukan untuk mendokumentasikan karya-karya yang dihasilkan para penulis sehingga dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca secara lebih luas. Penulisan buku juga mengandung konsekuensi untuk membangun budaya perusahaan dan pendidikan Indonesia yang lebih bermartabat dan berintegritas.Sebagai penutup, tiada gading yang tak retak. Tentunya banyak kekurangan dalam penyusunan buku ini sehingga kritik dan masukan selalu diperlukan bagi pengembangan studi ilmu akuntansi baik secara teori maupun implementasinya. Hal-hal yang besar tentunya berawal dari yang sederhana. Semoga tulisan-tulisan dalam buku ini menjadi ilmu yang bermanfaat bagi pengembangan organisasi hari ini dan esok.
A Psychosocial Model of COVID-19 Vaccination: Antecedent and Concurrent Effects of Demographics, Traits, Political Beliefs, Preventive Norms, Vaccine Intention, Information Sources, Mandates, and Flu Vaccine History
Authors: Godfrey Olivia , Bogg Tim , Milad Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

Background: To date, research investigating psychosocial correlates of COVID-19 vaccination has been cross-sectional, parochial, and/or reliant upon non-stratified international samples, resulting in difficulty clarifying the contributions of various vaccination-related influences. Purpose: The present study tested a novel integration of prospective and concurrent associations of demographic and dispositional tendencies, intervening illness and preventive beliefs, vaccine intention, illness experiences, and concurrent contextual vaccine-related influences with subsequent COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: The pre-registered study used a stratified online U.S. sample (N = 500), with assessments aligned to (a) “15 days to slow the spread” in March, 2020, (b) vaccine authorization and major case/mortality surge during December 2020 and January 2021, and (c) the period following full vaccine approval in August, 2021 during the third major/case mortality surge during September and October, 2021. Results: Path modeling showed the absence of children in the household and greater education were prospective predictors of vaccination. Trait openness and more liberal political beliefs showed indirect prospective associations with vaccination via stronger intermediating vaccine intention and perceived norms for preventive behaviors. Contextual vaccine-related influences of vaccine-related information sources, employer mandates, and flu vaccine history also showed direct associations with vaccination. In contrast to expectations, lower conscientiousness showed a direct prospective association with vaccination. Conclusions: Controlling for interrelations among study variables, the results of the integrative psychosocial model clarified the unique contributions and pathways from antecedent characteristics to vaccination while accounting for vaccine-related contextual influences, providing further direction for refining the timing and content for public health messaging for vaccination.
Social disadvantage and child mortality in India: 1993 – 2019
Authors: Gupta Aashish , Paikra Vipul Kumar , Sharma Kanika
Published: November 2022

Using data from four rounds of India’s demographic and health surveys, we document persistently higher child mortality among marginalized social groups in India. Compared to high caste Hindus, a privileged group in Indian society, marginalized children belonging to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are 1.5-1.7 more likely to die before their fifth birthday in India. This mortality disadvantage has been persistent for almost three decades, despite rapid improvements in healthcare access, environmental determinants of health, and incomes in this period. These findings suggest that addressing social disparities in child survival would require challenging social inequalities both inside and outside healthcare settings.
PROPOSAL OF A SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY SCALE OF MUNICIPALITIES THAT RECEIVE FINANCIAL COMPENSATION – BRAZIL
Authors: Soares César Pedrosa , da Penha Vasconcellos Maria
Published: November 2022

The objective of this paper was to propose a scale of socio-environmental vulnerability capable of presenting the municipalities with exploration activities of natural resources in a hierarchical way, considering the level of criticality of this factor. Theoretically developed, the socio-environmental vulnerability was operationalized by observable socioeconomic and environmental indicators from machine learning techniques and the Rasch model. The value presented by each municipality for these aspects served as the basis for obtaining the measure of the socio-environmental vulnerability of the local population and elaboration of vulnerability levels. From the scale, the importance of Financial Compensation (FC) was observed to deal with the socio-environmental vulnerability. The results pointed to a scenario marked by municipalities with medium and high vulnerability, with weak or almost non-existent correlations between FC and these factors. The scale offers subsidies that can encourage more equitably FC arrangements, considering the respective levels of vulnerability of the municipalities.
"Socialism is not just Built for a Hundred Years': Renewable Energy and Planetary Thought in the Early Soviet Union, 1917-1945
Authors: Russ Daniela
Published: November 2022

The humanities recently rediscovered the category of the ‘planetary’ for a social theory of the Anthropocene critical of the human remaking of the planet. This article brings together Dipesh Chakrabarty’s work with Russian planetary and geopolitical thought. Focusing on Vladimir Vernadsky’s and Boris Veinberg’s research around the Commission for the Study of Natural Productive Forces, it argues that knowledge on planetary interconnections informed the territorial and industrial expansion of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. According to planetary scientists, humanity’s peculiarity as a species and planetaryreach hinged on its control of energy. As ‘cosmic technologies’, wind and solar power could expand the biosphere and make the territory’s fringes habitable. Thus, insight into the vast scales of the universe did not dwarf but augment humanity – and particularly scientists. The article concludes that the planetary should be understood as an extension of global politics rather than a divergence from it.
Language Maintenance and Shift in The Majhi Community
Authors: Chalise Krishna Prasad
Published: November 2022

This paper evaluates the knowledge of languages and domains of language use to investigate the factors and forces responsible for language shift (LS) in the Majhi community. The data used are solely based on Chalise (2014). The community became bilingual in Majhi and Nepali several generations ago. A small number of people have knowledge of English, Hindi, etc., but they do not use them in daily life conversations. The patterns of Majhi language competence and its use in different domains in different generations indicate that there was a stable bilingualism in the past, but a notable degree of language shift began around four decades before, and it has been accelerating since then. We do not find any vital changes in the essences of personal factors. But the essences of group factors have been changed because of modernization and globalization. In the last three decades, the nation has adopted a favorable policy for minority languages, but LS has accelerated in this community. It suggests that language policy was unable to withstand the forces of modernization and globalization. We cannot deny modernization and globalization therefore it is our challenge to find out the ways to strengthen language maintenance (LM) in the context of modernization and globalization.
Lexical and Grammatical Borrowings in Raji
Authors: Dhakal Dubi Nanda
Published: November 2022

When languages have a relatively small number of speakers and live along with the speakers of dominant languages, there is a gradual shrinkage in their vocabulary, and grammatical patterns. This study is mainly based on the wordlist and texts initially gathered for the primary documentation of Raji in 2018. Raji presents a typical case in which 46.2 percent lexical items are borrowed from Indic languages (and mainly from Nepali). The verbs borrowed from Indic sources exhibit systematic behavior as all of them index the suffix -e to the verb roots as a technique of accommodation before other suffixes are added to them. Some lexical items end in -əu, -ŋ, -ja, -l when they are borrowed to Raji. The grammatical borrowings are largely evidenced in the areas of morphology, and clause combining.
Knowledge and Attitude on Eye Donation among Undergraduate Medical Students of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Nepal
Authors: Kaiti R. , Dhungel P. , Pradhan A. , Chaudhry M.
Published: November 2022

Background Corneal blindness accounts for a significant proportion of avoidable visual impairment in developing countries. Eye donation is voluntary and awareness in undergraduate medical students being a future practitioner in any field are expected to be linked to patients during death in hospitals.

Objective To assess the awareness of medical students on eye donation at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS).

Method This was a cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate medical students of KUSMS. Students’ responses were recorded using a predesigned, pretested, semi-structured questionnaire inquiring knowledge and attitude of eye donation, sources of information, their willingness to donate eyes as well as the reasons for donating/ not donating eyes.

Result Less than half of the medical students (45.6%) were aware of eye donation only after death. Newspapers (72.2%) were the major source of information. The final year medical students were more aware (Average knowledge score = 11.56 ± 2.05) than their juniors. 80.7% of the students were willing to donate their eyes. The adjudged reasons for willingness to donate were that eye donation is a noble work and pleasure in helping a blind person while the reasons for unwillingness to donate were lack of awareness followed by family objection to eye donation.

Conclusion Future medical practitioners possessed satisfactory knowledge about eye donation. Educating this cadre of human resources to sensitize them towards the need for eye donation would be a crucial step towards reducing the global burden of corneal blindness.
Awareness Regarding Diabetes Mellitus among General Population of Banepa Municipality
Authors: Manandhar S. , Buddhacharya M. , Maharjan S.
Published: November 2022

Background Diabetes is a silent disease and many people with diabetes may become aware of it only after life-threatening complications. The presence of knowledge of diabetes could contribute in early diagnosis and minimize the occurrence of complications. Hence, healthcare and public policy makers are putting extensive efforts to aware them on diabetes.

Objective To assess the level of diabetes knowledge and its risk among the general public of Banepa municipality.

Method A Cross sectional study was conducted to assess the awareness about diabetes among the general public of Banepa municipality. During the period of November 2019 to January 2020, 273 respondents of Banepa municipality were included with informed consent. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire through one-to-one interviews. Indian Diabetes risk score (IDRS) was used to identify the risk of diabetes among them that consists of four elements i.e. age, abdominal obesity, physical activity, and family history. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS version 20.

Result It was found that 61.9% had a higher level of knowledge of diabetes. IDRS score shows more than half percent (53.5%) of respondents were in high risk, 39.2% were in medium risk and 7.3% were in low risk.

Conclusion This study implies that there was good knowledge about diabetes among people. However, the majority of them are at risk for developing diabetes in future which may be due to lack of practical implication of knowledge. It reflects the necessity to educate and reinforce the public regarding prevention of diabetes which further postpones its complications.
Outcome of Achilles Tendon Repair using Four Strand Cross Locked Cruciate Repair Technique
Authors: Dhoju D. , Thapa J.
Published: November 2022

Background Four strand cross locked cruciate tendon repair technique for Achilles tendon rupture has shown promising result.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of all acute traumatic Achilles tendon rupture case treated by a novel repair technique of four strand cross locked cruciate.

Method A total of 40 cases of acute traumatic Achilles tendon rupture from 2011 to 2018 treated by four strand cross locked cruciate repair technique were retrospectively evaluated using Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score.

Result Average age of patient was 29.45 years. Male preponderance was seen. Most of the patient (97.5%) had complete rupture of Achilles tendon. Most of the patient (92.5%) had open injury. The average length of hospitalization was 7 days. All the patients recovered to the level of physical activity previous to the tendon lesion. The achilles tendon total rupture score significantly improved from 6 month post op period to 12 months (p=0.02) and 2 years post op period (p=0.038).

Conclusion The optimum method of suturing technique for acute traumatic rupture of Achilles tendon remains controversial. The four strand cross locked cruciate repair technique provides a stable and reliable construct for the Achilles tendon repair. The technique requires further investigation with direct comparison with other mostly used techniques like Krackow and Gift box suture technique.
Aplicación de la calculadora de probabilidad fenotípica FEN-COVID en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en una población latinoamericana
Authors: Sprockel Díaz John Jaime , Torres Tobar Lilian Andrea , Rodríguez Acosta Marilyn Johanna
Published: November 2022

Introducción: la variabilidad del comportamiento clínico del COVID-19 puede ser uno de los determinantes que limitan la toma de decisiones terapéuticas. Se busca clasificar a pacientes latinoamericanos hospitalizados mediante la herramienta FEN-COVID para la identificación de fenotipos clínicos y determinar su asociación con mortalidad e ingreso a la unidad de cuidado intensivo (UCI). Métodos: estudio observacional de cohorte retrospectivo, que incluyó adultos hospitalizados en dos centros de tercer nivel de atención con COVID-19 confirmado entre septiembre 2020 y marzo 2021. A cada paciente seleccionado se asignó un fenotipo aplicando la calculadora FEN-COVID. Se llevó a cabo un análisis multivariado para documentar las asociaciones entre el fenotipo, las complicaciones hospitalarias y los desenlaces clínicos. Resultados: se identificaron 126 pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19, edad promedio de 58 años, 45 mujeres (35.7%), 23% diabéticos, 45% hipertensos y 20% obesos. 108 (85.7%) fueron del fenotipo B y 18 (14.2%) fenotipo C. Aunque en este último los desenlaces fueron peores (requerimiento de UCI 77.8% vs 45.4% y mortalidad 66% vs 22%, OR 1.408, IC95% 3.191-5.243, p <0.007), esta asociación no se mantuvo en el análisis multivariado con OR 1.110 (IC95% 0.780 - 1.581, p de 0.555) Conclusión: los fenotipos identificados a partir de FEN-COVID parecen discriminar un subgrupo de pacientes que ostenta el peor comportamiento clínico, aunque no tuvo representación del fenotipo más leve. El análisis bivariado documentó asociación con la muerte o ingreso a UCI que no se mantuvo en el modelo multivariado.
Komparasi Metode K-NN, Support Vector Machine Dan Random Forest Pada E-Commerce Shopee
Authors: Watmah Sri , Suryanto Suryanto , Martias Martias
Published: November 2022

Marketplace berbasis aplikasi android sangat digemari di Indonesia, salah satu toko online yang tengah digemari oleh orang indonesia yaitu shopee. Selain menawarkan kemudahan dalam berbelanja tentu saja ada kendala dalam penggunaanya, baik dalam bentuk pelayanan maupun produk yang dipasarkan. Text Mining menjadi metode yang tepat untuk mengetahui kepuasan pengguna. Sentimen analisis sangat diperlukan untuk mengetahui keakurasian dan prediksi. Review pada playstore umumnya diberikan ketika seseorang telah menginstal aplikasi pada smartphone Android. Disini penulis menguji seberapa kepuasan pengguna akun shopee berdasarkan review pada google playstore menggunakan metode K-NN, Support Vector Machine, dan Random Forest. Berdasarkan penghitungan menunjukan bahwa metode K-NN mempunyai nilai akurasi 89,0%, presisi 89,7% dan recall 87,5%. Pada metode klasifikasi Random Forest menunjukan nilai akurasi 83,0%, presisi 85,7% dan recall 81,4%. Untuk metode SVM menunjukan  nilai akurasi 89,4%, presisi 89,5% dan recall 89,7%. Dengan demikian metode klasifikasi terbaik pada studi ini adalah metode SVM dengan nilai 89,4% presisi 89,5% dan recall 89,7%.
Pemeriksaan Penurunan Tegangan dan Faktor Daya pada Pasokan Energi Listrik di Gedung “MBM”
Authors: Rosano Andi , Sudaradjat Djadjat
Published: November 2022

Hasil pemeriksaan penurunan tegangan dan faktor daya bisa ditindaklanjuti dengan melakukan optimasi terhadap instalasi terpasang. Dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan pemasangan kapasitor bank sebesar 718,58 kVAR (sesuai rekomendasi program ETAP 12.6) saat kondisi beban tertinggi yang tercapai yakni sebesar 2500 kVA, terbukti bisa mengoreksi penurunan tegangan dan faktor daya menjadi lebih baik. Dari kondisi semula dengan penurunan tegangan menjadi 92,5 % (370 Volt dari tegangan yang diinginkan yaitu 400 Volt). Setelah pemasangan kapasitor bank, tegangan dapat diperbaiki menjadi 394,8 Volt atau 98,7% (penurunan tegangan 1,3% dari besar tegangan yang diinginkan). Faktor daya juga meningkat lebih baik dari 0,85 menjadi 0,95.
Influence of plant protection based on Bacillus atrophaeus on peronosporosis disease, yield, growth and shaping processes of cultivated goluncies under arid climate on the example of melon
Authors: Baubekova D.G.
Published: November 2022

Downy mildew or peronosporosis is a dangerous disease of gourds caused by oomycetes of the genus Peronoplasmopara. The disease affects the leaves, on which necrotic spots form. The loss of foliage delays the process of fruit set and their normal development, which negatively affects the yield. Mature fruits of melon affected by downy mildew are slightly colored and tasteless. Under conditions of drip irrigation, used in the arid climate of the Astrakhan region, this disease actively develops and spreads, often leading to the complete death of the crop. In this paper, we studied the effect of a biological agent based on Bacillus atrophaeus, cultivated on legume and corn-molasses media, on reducing the incidence of downy mildew in melons in arid climates. In the course of field tests, the effect of laboratory samples of the agent on the development of downy mildew of the «Lada» melon variety was established: the development of the disease decreases, the number of infected plants and fruits decreases. Controlling the development of peronosporosis contributes to an increase in the yield of melons and a decrease in the content of diseased fruits in the crop. The bean-based agent had a more significant effect on reducing the development of the disease, yield, growth and shaping processes of cultivated gourds in comparison with the corn-molasses base and control. The use of a biological agent based on B. atrophaeus in the cultivation of melons in the Astrakhan region proves the effectiveness of the use of biological methods of plant protection and the prospects for their introduction into the region's agriculture.
A promising biological method for increasing the yield, growth and shaping processes of melon crops cultivated in the Astrakhan region
Authors: Baubekova D.G.
Published: November 2022

Melon crops growing has long been the pride of Russian agriculture, especially the Astrakhan region. The natural conditions of the Lower Volga region are very favorable for growing gourds. However, under conditions of drip irrigation, phytopathogens develop, which significantly reduce the yield of cultivated crops. One of the dangerous diseases of gourds is anthracnose (pathogen Colletotrichum laqenarium), which spreads rapidly under favorable conditions high humidity combined with high air temperature, high soil acidity, lack of potassium and phosphorus, often leading to a complete loss of crop. In this paper, we studied the effect of a biological plant protection agent based on Bacillus atrophaeus, cultivated on legume and cornmolasses bases, on growth and shaping processes, yield and disease development of gourds in arid conditions of the Astrakhan region using watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) as an example. When testing laboratory samples of the product, a positive effect on increasing the length of the central lash, the number of leaves, shoots and fruits, the mass of fruits, as well as reducing the number of diseased fruits was proved. In addition to the impact on growth and shaping indicators, the studied samples had an effect on reducing the development of watermelon anthracnose throughout the growing season and increasing the yield of cultivated gourds. At the same time, the B. atrophaeus preparation cultivated on a legume nutrient medium more effectively influenced the studied parameters: it reduced the incidence of anthracnose in plants, reduced the number of diseased fruits, increasing crop yield and fruit weight. In general, the data obtained testify in favor of the fact that the use of biological agents based on B. atrophaeus in the agricultural fields of the Astrakhan region when cultivating watermelon shows the effectiveness of the development and implementation of microbiological methods of plant protection in the arid climate of the region.
MODELOS DE MACHINE LEARNING APLICADOS NA ESTIMAÇÃO DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA DO PLANALTO OCIDENTAL PAULISTA
Authors: Silva Maurício Bruno Prado da , Souza Valter Cesar de , Pires Cremasco Caroline , Calça Marcus Vinícius Contes , Santos Cícero Manoel dos , Cremasco Camila Pires , Gabriel Filho Luís Roberto Almeida , Rodrigues Sergio Augusto , Escobedo João Francisco
Published: November 2022

A evapotranspiração depende da interação entre variáveis meteorológicas (radiação solar, temperatura do ar, precipitação, umidade relativa do ar e velocidade do vento) e condições fitossanitárias das culturas agrícolas. É complexo construir medidas confiáveis de evapotranspiração devido aos elevados custos para implantação de técnicas micrometeorológicas, além de dificuldades na operação e manutenção dos equipamentos necessários. O propósito desta pesquisa foi modelar a evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) por meio de técnicas de machine learning em dados climáticos de 30 estações meteorológicas automáticas do Planalto Ocidental Paulista, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 2013-2017. Uma comparação do desempenho estatístico entre as técnicas utilizadas foi realizada onde constatou-se melhor desempenho do modelo EToMLP4 (rRMSE = 0.62%), seguido por EToANFIS4 (rRMSE = 0.75%), EToSVM4 (rRMSE = 1.19%) e EToGRNN4 (rRMSE = 11.05%). Medidas de performance da base de validação evidenciam que os modelos propostos são aptos à estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência com destaque para a técnica MPL.
Palavras-chave: evapotranspiração; modelagem matemática; aprendizagem de máquina.
 
Machine learning models applied in the estimation of reference evapotranspiration from the Western Plateau of Paulista
 
ABSTRACT: Evapotranspiration depends on the interaction between meteorological variables (solar radiation, air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed) and phytosanitary conditions of agricultural crops. It is complex to build reliable evapotranspiration measurements due to the high costs of implementing micrometeorological techniques, in addition to difficulties in the operation and maintenance of the necessary equipment. The purpose of this research was to model the reference evapotranspiration through machine learning techniques in climatic data from 30 automatic weather stations in the Planalto Ocidental Paulista, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in the period 2013-2017. A comparison of the statistical performance between the techniques used was carried out, where the best performance of the EToMLP4 model (rRMSE = 0.62%), followed by EToANFIS4 (rRMSE = 0.75%), EToSVM4 (rRMSE = 1.19%) and EToGRNN4 (rRMSE = 11.05 %). Performance measures of the validation base show that the proposed models are able to estimate the reference evapotranspiration, with emphasis on the MPL technique.
Keywords: evapotranspiration; modeling; machine learning.
Cultural vouchers as a tool for stimulating cultural consumption and spiritual and moral development of youth and children
Authors: Ciobanu M. S.
Published: November 2022

In order to stimulate the spiritual and moral development of youth and children in many countries, a relatively new tool was used – a cultural voucher, which is the subject of this study. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of cultural vouchers in different countries, and based on international experience, to find ways of improvement of their use in the Republic of Moldova. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were carried out: a review of international experience in the use of cultural vouchers, a legal analysis of the Moldovan legislation on cultural vouchers and an analysis of the evolution of indicators related to the field of culture, as a rationale for the introduction of cultural vouchers in Moldova. The following research methods were used to realize these tasks: the analysis of legislation, literature review and methods of induction and deduction. The results of the study showed that cultural vouchers in different countries differ in value, the age of its beneficiaries, the range of cultural products and services covered by the voucher, the frequency of payment, and the presence or absence of distribution of payments. In the Republic of Moldova, in recent years, a decline in indicators related to cultural consumption has been revealed, which motivated the introduction of cultural vouchers as a countermeasure against these alarming trends. Since Moldova is just starting to use cultural vouchers, it is necessary to improve the legislation regarding their use.
About russian university education export programs under sanctions
Authors: Lebedev A. A. , Ridiger A. V.
Published: November 2022

Russia is interested in attracting foreign scientists and international scientific communication. However, there are reasons hindering the development of international scientific and educational cooperation. Based on the results of the analysis of the current regulatory and methodological framework in the field of international scientific and educational cooperation and the results of the analysis of departmental statistics data of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, the article discusses the impact of the sanctions of “unfriendly countries” on the functioning of educational export programs of Russian universities and on the research activities of universities subordinate to the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.
Development of the digital infrastructure of the state system of scientific and technical information in 2021-2025 as a new stage in building a knowledge economy in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Kosovskiy A. , Matvienko I. , Yunevich N.
Published: November 2022

The article examines the conditions created in the Republic of Belarus during the construction of the digital economy and the development of the information society. These conditions are recognized as the basis for new topical transformations of the State System of Scientific and Technical Information of the Republic of Belarus (SSSTI) as a key generator of knowledge of the National Innovation System. Scientific and technical information (STI) and the digital transformation of key areas of its collection, processing, and storage are becoming the main development goals of the SSSTI for 2021-2025.
Elections and fact-checking in Portugal: the case of the 2019 and 2022 legislative elections
Authors: Baptista João-Pedro , Jerónimo Pedro , Piñeiro-Naval Valeriano , Gradim Anabela
Published: November 2022

Fact-checking is a relatively recent journalistic genre in Portugal that has been growing in recent years, alternately viewed as a journalism reform movement or criticized as inefficient and idealistic. Our study is a comparative analysis of the output of the Portuguese fact-checkers Observador and Polígrafo in the 2019–2022 elections to determine whether their coverage is politically biased. Performing a quantitative content analysis of all fact-checking articles on national politics (n = 265) published during the campaign for the parliamentary elections, our results show that fact-checking activity has increased in the last elections. These data may indicate that fact-checking agencies have increased their capacity and resources, but may also suggest a greater presence of subjectivity and deception in Portuguese political discourse. The focus of Portuguese fact-checkers is statements produced during political debates (70%), while social media verification is disregarded. Our most significant finding is the lack of evidence of partisan or political bias in the selection of the assessed statements. Both fact-checkers do not show a tendency to check statements that are more or less anti- or pro-government and/or statements that are ideologically favorable to the left wing or the right wing. Therefore, our findings confirm the high level of professionalism and impartiality of Portuguese fact-checkers evidenced in other studies, and demonstrate that the Portuguese citizen’s skepticism toward the practice has no foundation.
Live Weight and Live Weight Changes and Some Relationships of Certain Reproductive Traits in the Breeding Female Shugor and Dubasi Sub-Types of Sudan Desert Sheep
Authors: Sulieman A. H. , Bashar A.E. , El Tahir H.A. , Sulieman S.A.H.
Published: November 2022

This study was carried out at the National Sheep Research Station in Elhuda, Sudan to investigate the situation of female sheep conditions while in gestation and to consult some aspects associated to pregnancy parameters and others on live weight were collected, processed and statistically tested in addition to variability consideration. Thus, live weight changes its variability and some relationships for certain reproductive traits in the Shugor and Dubasi subtypes of Sudanese Desert sheep ewes were studied from mating events to the immediate postpartum date. The overall live weight changes during this period resulted in an increase of 22.8 and 27.6% in the live weight of either of these two ewe groups ,respectively, but with an overall greater in live weight variability within the Shugor as contrasted with that within their contemporary Dubasi ewe group (11.33vs 8.27%, CV), having periodic mean value which ranges from 10.70 -13.5% CV and 7.2 – 8.5% CV, respectively, for the Shugor and Dubasi ewe groups. The combined contribution of the foetal lamb weights, foetal placenta fluids weights composed 20.0% for the Shugor and 17.9% for the Dubasi of the breeding (mating) live weight of each while the weight of the lamb at birth and that of the associated placenta had mean values of 11.1 ±0.06% and 1.23 ± 0.06, respectively, of the Shugor pre-partum ewe live weight but the corresponding mean proportional values in the Dubasi group were 9.48 ± 0.49% and 1.20 ±0.08 % .The regression of gestation length, post-partum ewe live weight and lamb birth weight had mean values of + 0.37 , + 0.71 and 0.002 as related to the breeding (mating) ewe live weight of the Shugor whereas the corresponding regression values in the Dubasi ewes were +0.03 ,+ 0.67 and + 0.03. None of these contrasting parameter values was significantly different in the two subtype groups. Similarly, the regression values of the placenta weight on the lamb birth weight were not significantly different, respecttively, - 0.02 and + 0.032 in the Shugor and Dubasi ewe groups. It is concluded that live weights variations in breeding females should be made manageable to their least possible to allow for more solid data, on the female and its offspring, as this is conductive to performance development.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Administration in Community Pharamacy
Authors: Durro V. , Naco M. , Dinkollari D. , Shijaku E. , Saliasi S.
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Today, resistant microorganisms to antibiotics are not only encountered in hospitals, but they are also spreading more widely in the community. The aim of this study was to evaluate one of the factors of antibiotic resistance, the administration of antibiotics in the community pharmacies. Materia and method: The study was conducted in an comunity pharmacy. The collected data covers the period of time April - June 2022, including a considerable number of patients and concrete cases. The base for data collection are the prescription of antibiotics by the family doctor and interviews with clients presented at the pharmacy. Results: Referred our data 88.3% of the patients directed to the pharmacy had the doctor's prescription for the required antibiotics and 11.7% do not have it. The most used antibiotic for the period taken in the study is ciprofloxacin, 16%, followed by azithromycin (15.5%) and amoxiclav (10.9%). According to doctor's specialty, the most of antibiotic prescriptions were from urologist doctor 18.6% , followed by the pulmonologist 16.8% and the family doctor 15.9%. Conclusions: Most of antibiotic are prescribe by doctor based in their experience and not to laboratory test results. In this situation is very important and urgent needs review national plan and protocols of antibiotic used in treatment of infections.
Treatment of Hypertensive Urgencies
Authors: Bereda Gudisa
Published: November 2022

Hypertensive urgency can be expressed as a systolic blood pressure of at least 180 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure of at least 110 mmHg, without correlated end-organ damage. Elevated blood pressure causes endothelial injury by elevating the endothelial permeability and local activation of the clotting cascade (platelet and fibrin deposition), resulting in fibrinoid necrosis and intimal proliferation. In hypertensive urgencies, blood pressure should be lowered over a period of hrs to days with slower reductions in elderly patients to avoid and elevated risk of cerebral or myocardial ischemia resulting from excessively rapid reduction of blood pressure. Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Captopril administration is well tolerated and known to be able in decreasing blood pressure in hypertensive urgencies. Its hypotensive effect, when it is taken orally, is evident within 15 to 30 minutes.
Assessment of Liver Enzymes in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Ikere-Ekiti
Authors: A.E Omon , O.D Ajayi , O Oludare , A Orekoya
Published: November 2022

Pregnancy is a physiological condition which brings about changes in different systems of the body to support the growing foetus in the uterus. This study was designed to evaluate some of the liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP and GGT) activities in the different trimesters of pregnancy. A total of 120 subjects consisting of ninety [90] pregnant women at different trimesters thirty [30] and apparently healthy non-pregnant women (control) in Ikere-Ekiti [30] were recruited for this study. Blood samples were collected from the subjects after obtaining their consents. Liver function enzymes assay were determined using kinetic methods. Data analysis was done using SPSS computer software version 21.0 and results were presented in tables and figures as mean ± standard deviation. The result showed that the mean AST of non-pregnant women (control), pregnant women in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters were 3.44±1.88, 12.60±5.34, 10.20±4.93 and 8.67±3.37 (IU/L) respectively. The mean ALT of non-pregnant women (control), pregnant women in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters were 3.27±1.75, 14.56±8.71, 11.46±6.08 and 9.33±6.34 (IU/L) respectively. The mean GGT of non-pregnant women (control), pregnant women in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters was 3.60±1.88, 15.14±9.11, 13.22±5.27 and 10.35±7.19 (IU/L) respectively. The mean ALP of non-pregnant women (control), pregnant women in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters was 24.63±10.84, 58.73±24.71, 69.55±25.13 and 82.31±35.69 (IU/L) respectively. The study concludes that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the mean ALT, AST and GGT of pregnant women (subjects) in the three trimesters compared to non-pregnant women (control). However, there was significant difference (p<0.05) in the ALP of pregnant women in the 3rd trimester compared to non-pregnant women (control). Liver function tests are important biomedical indicators that reflect any changes in an adult person, and should be routinely investigated during pregnancy to outline any pathologic changes.
Characterization of the Clinical and Molecular Perspectives of Epigenetics
Authors: Chukwuma Sr Chrysanthus
Published: November 2022

This review provides the latitude to examine the extant information in the univeral characterizations of epigenetic formulations. Epigenetics encompasses the interaction of behaviours and environment culminating in changes which influence gene activity. In contrast to genetic modifications, epigenetic modifications are reversible; and do not alter the DNA sequence but are capable of interferring in the way the DNA sequence is read. Epigenetic alterations involve genetic changes which effect gene functionality without modifying the underlying DNA sequence. DNA methylation depicts the covalent superimposed methyl group to cytosine in CpG dinucleotides. DNA methylation presents as a veritable epigenetic modification; and it governs gene expression by changing chromosome structure, DNA conformation and stability as well as the function trajectory between DNA and protein. DNA methylation regulates gene expression via the conscription of proteins associated with gene expression or by the inhibition of the binding of transcription factor(s) to DNA. Whereas genetic alterations do modify protein formation, it is clear that epigenetic alterations impact on gene expression to put genes ''on'' and ''off'', as appropriate. The resultant impact of environmental and anthropogenic idiosyncracies, such as diet and physical activity are liable to induce epigenetic modifications in behaviours and gene-environment interactions. Genes are not always in functional mode. DNA methylation constitutes a select epigenetic process applied by cells for the control of gene expression. within the genome. Alterations in gene activity and epigenetic errors can result in varying genetic, metabolic and degenerative disorders which may disparately or in comorbid presentaions influence inter alia health, gene activity or expression, protein production and functionality. This entry exemplifies the reading and understanding of epigenetics in relation to inter alia beneficial developmental theories within the human race.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK METANOL UBI JALAR (IPOMOEA BATATAS L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Siti Badriah Atikah Fairus , Wahyuni Febriana Dwi , Nora Adri
Published: November 2022

Antibacterial is a compound capable of inhibiting and killing pathogenic bacteria. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are pathogenic bacteria because they can cause disease if infected. Sweet potato is an alternative food that is often consumed by some Indonesian people and is thought to contain antibacterial compounds. The sweet potatoes used in this study came from Riau (A), Tomohon (B), Balikpapan (C), Jambi (D), Malang (E), Pontianak (F), Kupang (G), Bangka Belitung (H) , Medan (I), Balikpapan (J), and Merauke (K). Antibacterial testing was carried out using the disc diffusion method and using Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) and Luria Bertani (LB) media with sample concentrations of 250, 500, and 700 ppm. The study was conducted using the antimicrobial activity testing method which was carried out only once in an experiment and observations would be made after 24 hours of incubation. From the results obtained, the optimum growth of E. Coli at a concentration of 700 ppm with samples from the Kupang area (G) with purple color with an inhibition zone of 8.5 mm and a minimum at a concentration of 250 ppm with samples originating from the Merauke (K) area with white color with a white zone. resistance of 1 mm. Meanwhile, the test results on the optimum growth of S. aureus at a concentration of 700 ppm with samples from West Kalimantan (F2) with purple color with an inhibition zone of 7 mm and a minimum at a concentration of 250 ppm with samples from Balikpapan (C), Bangka Belitung. (H), and Medan (I3) are white and light orange with an inhibition zone of 2 mm.