bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUASILINEAR PARABOLIC PROBLEMS IN THE LEBESGUE-SOBOLEV SPACE WITH VARIABLE EXPONENT AND L1 DATA
Authors: MAOUNI MESSAOUD , souilah fairouz , Slimani Kamel
Published: January 2024

This paper is devoted to studying the existence of of renormalized
solution for an initial boundary problem of a quasilinear parabolic
problem with variable exponent and $ L ^{1} $-data of the type
\begin{equation*}
\left\{
\begin{array}{ll}
(b(u))_{t}-\text{div}(\left\vert
\nabla u\right\vert
^{p(x)-2}\nabla u)+\lambda
\left\vert
u\right\vert ^{p(x)-2}u=f(x,t,u)
\text{ } &
\text{in}\hspace{0.5cm}Q=\Omega
\times ]0,T[, \\ u=0 &
\text{on}\hspace{0.5cm}\Sigma
=\partial \Omega \times
]0,T[, \\ b(u)(t=0)=b(u_{0}) &
\text{in}\hspace{0.5cm}\Omega
, \\ & \end{array}%
\right. \end{equation*}% where $
\lambda>0$ and $ T $ is positive
constant. The results of the problem discussed can be applied to a
variety of different fields in applied mathematics for example in
elastic mechanics, image processing and electro-rheological fluid
dynamics, etc.
Congenital Pericardial Band at the level of right ventricle causing mid-ventricular compression in an adolescent: (Congenital Pericardial Band)
Authors: Başar Eviç , Güngör Hüseyin Salih , Akgün Gökmen , Usta Emre , Babaoğlu Kadir
Published: January 2024

Pericardial bands have been rarely reported as a congenital or an
acquired defects that can develop after partial pericardiectomy for the
treatment of constructive pericarditis in several adult case reports. It
can cause an hourglass appearance in ventricular free walls and lead to
obstruction in the ventricular outflow or inflow tracts. Here, we
present a case of pericardial band, which is considered to be
congenital, with an appearance of external compression on the right
ventricle in an asymptomatic adolescent girl. The case is presented
because there is no similar case in the childhood and adolescent in the
literature review.
Tacrolimus Population Pharmacokinetic Model in Chinese Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome and Dosing Regimen Identification Using Monte Carlo Simulations
Authors: Liao MingHao , Wang Minglu , Zhu Xu , Zhao Limei , Zhao Mingming
Published: January 2024

Aim: The study aimed to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PPK)
model for Chinese patients with nephrotic syndrome using the patient
genotype and Wuzhi capsule dose as the main test factors. Methods: Adult
patients with nephrotic syndrome receiving tacrolimus treatment were
enrolled. A nonlinear mixed effects model was used to determine the
influencing factors of inter-individual tacrolimus metabolism variation
and establish a PPK model. To optimize the tacrolimus dosage, 10000
Monte Carlo simulations were performed. Results: The typical population
tacrolimus clearance (CL/F) value was 16.9 L/h. Increased Wuzhi capsule
and albumin doses both decreased the tacrolimus CL/F. In CYP3A5
homozygous mutation carriers; the CL/F was 39% lower than that of
carriers of the wild-type and heterozygous mutation. The tacrolimus CL/F
in patients who were co-administered glucocorticoids was 1.23-fold
higher than that in the control. According to the patient genotype and
combined use of glucocorticoids, 26 combinations of Wuzhi capsule and
tacrolimus doses were matched. The Monte Carlo simulation identified the
most suitable combination scheme. Conclusion: An improved tacrolimus PPK
model for patients with nephrotic syndrome was established and the most
suitable combination of Wuzhi capsule and tacrolimus doses was
identified, thus facilitating the selection of a more economical and
safe administration regimen.
A simple test to diagnose patulous eustachian tube
Authors: Padilla mario , Medel Simon , Sánchez-Paniagua Sara , Muñoz Javier , Muñoz Cesar
Published: January 2024

Patulous eustachian tube (PET) is often misdiagnosed due to the
difficulties to perform the tests designed to evaluate the function of
the eustachian tube (ET). We describe a simple but very efficient test
that can be performed in the clinic or by the patient himself at home to
diagnose this problem by nose irrigation of physiological serum. Key
points: Patulous eustachian tube, autophonia, deafness, tinnitus,
physiological serum, diagnosis. Key Points: Question: Patulous
eustachian tube sometimes doesn´t relieves lying in a lordotic position.
Additional problems: Ussualy the problem is intermittent and diagnostic
criteria include oclusion of the eustachian tube. Test design: We
designed a test to occlude the eustachian tube by the patient himself at
home with physiological serum. Findings: The occlusion with serum is
effective in almost all the patients. Meaning: Occlusion with
physiological serum is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of patulous
eustachian tube.
Payments for Environmental Services and Forest Conservation Potential in Ethiopia
Authors: Temesgen Bawoke
Published: January 2024

PES schemes have entertained much interest as a potentially effective
market-based instrument for the provision of ecosystem services. After
swift adoption, many have started to question the promises of PES and
PES-like schemes in ecosystem service provision. Hence, there has been
growing attention to evaluating the impact of PES schemes. This paper
attempts to review the practice of PES scheme evaluation with particular
emphasis on forest conservation in Ethiopia. To this end, I have
reviewed articles assessing the potential impacts of coffee
certification and participatory forest management (PFM). The review
shows that despite the rush to implement PES programs in Ethiopia,
specific PES regulations and vibrant property rights prerequisites are
missing. While I admit the perverse implications of uncritical adoption
of PES, it could be a potentially vital tool for forest conservation in
Ethiopia, especially when integrated with other environmental governance
instruments.
Repeated cardiac arrests in a child due to severe aortic flow obstruction by Aortic cannula: A fatal complication
Authors: Datt Vishnu , Keshav Suman , Wadhwa Rachna , Naqvi Ehtesham , Agarwal Saket , Nikhil *
Published: January 2024

In neonates and children the blood vessels are small in calibre and the
correct choice of arterial and venous cannulas together with accurate
placement are crucial to avoid obstructing vascular branches, and
misdirecting flow or impairing venous drainage.Normally in children, to
establish the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)one arterial cannula is
inserted in the ascending aorta, and single stage venous cannulae, where
two cannulae inserted into the superior and inferior vena cava and
joined by the Y-piece are used in the most open-heart surgeries to
facilitate the circulatory, respiratory support along with the
temperature management. Rarely aortic cannulation can lead to aortic
dissection, aortic posterior wall rupture leading to trauma to the
esophagus, dislodgement of the aortic atheroma, fatal bleeding leading
even to cardiac arrest. In addition, SVC and IVC syndrome can also occur
due displacement or obstruction by the venous cannulae. However,
repeated cardiac arrests in children after successful weaning from CPB,
even with the use of an appropriate size aortic cannula has not been
reported in the literature to date. We wish to discuss this fatal
complication after weaning from CPB, due to aortic flow obstruction due
to the aortic cannula in a one-year-old, 5.5 kg child following
successful ventricular septal defect (VSD) repair. The international
review board approval or waiver and clinical trial registrations are not
applicable for this case report publication
Otolaryngologic Problems of Bone Marrow Transplant Patients in Hospital Isolation Period
Authors: Bozkurt Ziya , Kara Osman , Karaali Ceren , Adiguzel Cafer
Published: January 2024

Abstract Objectives: Bone marrow transplantation is a preferred
treatment method for some hematological diseases. During this treatment
method, patients encounter many additional clinical problems independent
of their illness. Some of these problems that arise are
otorhinolaryngological problems. The aim of this study is to evaluate
the types and frequency of otorhinolaryngological problems seen in the
hospital isolation process after bone marrow transplantation and the
treatments applied to them and to draw attention to the points that the
transplant team should pay attention to during the hospital isolation
process of these patients. Materials And Methods: Strengthening the
Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines
were followed for this original observational article. Thirty of 451
patients, who were taken into isolation after bone marrow
transplantation, requested consultation from the otorhinolaryngology
clinic, were included in this retrospective study using hospital
records. Results: Following bone marrow transplantation, during the
hospital isolation process, the most common reasons for
otorhinolaryngological consultation were hearing loss and epistaxis.
Conclusion: Although infections are expected more in patients after
transplantation, during the isolation process after bone marrow
transplantation, in terms of otorhinolaryngology hearing loss and
epistaxis may be more common than infections. This situation should be
kept in mind by transplant teams and patients should be closely
monitored. Keywords: Bone Marrow Transplantation, Otorhinolaryngological
Consultation, Hearing Loss, Epistaxis.
Multiple soliton solutions of the space-time fractional Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation by the multiple exp-function method
Authors: Eskandari Elahe Miri , Taghizadeh Nasir , Foumani Mona Najand
Published: January 2024

This paper discusses on the multiple soliton solutions of the space-time
fractional Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) equation derived for describing
weakly nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in the plasma investigated with
multiple exp-function method. Also, results show that the multiple
soliton solutions are precisely obtained from this method. In this
paper, for the first time, we obtained a new and non-trivial one-wave
solution of the fractional ZK equation. Note that this method is
reliable for solving evolutionary equations of nonlinear fractions that
are applicable in various fields of applied sciences, especially
physics. In the end, we provide one-wave, two-wave, and three-wave
solutions, which include one-soliton, two-soliton, and three-soliton
type solutions.
Computational analysis of heat transport and significance of slip mechanism on Williamson nanofluid flow towards shrinking cylinder
Authors: Hamid Aamir
Published: January 2024

The heat transport mechanisms and stagnation point of the MHD Williamson
nanofluid are investigated in the presence of Brownian motion and
thermophoresis diffusion past a permeable stretching/shrinking cylinder.
Both the conditions of velocity slip and heat source/sink effects are
considered. The governing partial differential equations are converted
into a system of coupled ordinary differential equations using suitable
similarity transformation and then solved numerically via shooting
scheme together with Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method. The effect on drag
coefficient, heat and mass transport rates as well as the dimensionless
velocity, temperature and concentration fields of the physical
boundaries objectives of the study, are graphically delineated and
thoroughly discussed. As nanoparticle concentration increases at the
outer surface of the boundary layer, the rising patterns of Nusselt
number as well as skin friction are observed. Dual solutions with the
critical value of the mass transfer parameter (0
The effect of dexmedetomidine on blood pressure and recovery conditions of intellectually disabled adults: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial
Authors: Tabesh Mahtab , Kaviani Nasser , Feizi Ghader , Akhavan Ali
Published: January 2024

Purpose. Providing dental treatment for intellectually disabled patients
is usually performed under general anesthesia. This randomized
double-blinded parallel clinical trial study aims to evaluate the effect
of dexmedetomidine on the blood pressure and recovery conditions of
these patients. Methods. Fifty intellectually disabled patients without
systemic problems or physical disability were recruited. The anesthetic
regimen included 5 mg/kg of sodium thiopental, 0.8 mg/kg of atracurium,
and 1-2 mcg/kg of fentanyl; and 100 mcg/kg/min propofol for maintenance.
The intervention group received additional 2 mcg/kg/h dexmedetomidine by
infusion. The control group received equal amount of 0.9% saline.
Patients’ blood pressure, duration of anesthesia and recovery, types of
dental treatments and agitation levels in recovery were recorded.
Results. Systolic blood pressure fluctuated in control group (P = 0.032
between 15 and 30 minutes and P = 0.009 between 45 and 60 minutes),
while it did not significantly alter in the intervention group (P =
0.942). The diastolic blood pressure did not significantly change
neither in dexmedetomidine (P = 0.094) nor in the control group (P =
0.277). Patients’ agitation levels were significantly lower in
dexmedetomidine group at 15 (P = 0.015) and 30 (P = 0.003) minutes
post-operatively. The use of dexmedetomidine did not significantly
elongate the stay in recovery (P = 0.194). Conclusion. Dexmedetomidine
can be used to improve intra-operative blood pressure stability and to
decrease post-operative agitation without lengthening recovery time.
Contribution of the amino acid mutations in the HA gene to antigenic variation and immune escape of H9N2 avian influenza virus
Authors: Shi Huoying , Zhu Rui , Xu Shunshun , Sun Wangyangji , Li Quan , Wang Shifeng , Liu Xiufan
Published: January 2024

H9N2 influenza virus has been clustered into multiple lineages because
of antigenic drift. The continuous rapid evolution of H9N2 virus
increases the difficulties of the prevention and control programs. As a
major antigenic protein, hemagglutinin (HA) protein has always been of
interest, especially amino acid mutations altering viral antigenicity.
It has been well-documented that some amino acid mutations in HA of H9N2
avian influenza virus (H9N2 virus) alter the viral antigenicity, but
little is reported about how these antibody escape mutations affect
antigenic variation. Herein, we identified 15 HA mutations which were
potentially relevant to viral antigenic drift, and found that a key
amino acid mutation A198V at position 198 in HA, the only
nonconservative site in the receptor binding sites, was directly
responsible for viral antigenic variation. Furthermore, the rF/HA
virus showed poor cross-reactivity to immune sera
from animals immunized with the viruses F/98 (A198), SD/SS/94 (A198),
JS/Y618/12 (T198), and rF/HA (V198) by
microneutralization (MN) assay. The A198V substitution in parent virus
caused significantly decreased cross-MN titers by enhancing the receptor
binding activity, but did not prevent antibody (Ab) binding physically.
Additionally, the strong receptor binding avidity increased the NA
activity significantly, while prevented the viral release from cells.
Moreover, A198V substitution promoted H9N2 virus escape from
pAbs-neutralizing reaction in vitro, and slightly affected
cross-protection in vivo. Our results suggested that the A198V
mutation with strong receptor binding avidity contributed to viral
antigenicity and immune escape, and played a key role in the process of
adaptive evolution of H9N2 virus.
The Use of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation as a Bridge to Bone Marrow Transplantation in a Patient with High Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Nader Marie , Bonde Pramod , Massaro Stephanie , Giuliano John , Shah Niketa
Published: January 2024

An 18-year-old girl with high risk acute myeloid leukemia developed
Streptococcus mitis septic shock and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome,
including biventricular failure. Due to the anticipated reversibility of
her cardiogenic shock, her young age and her favorable survival chance
following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant, she was placed
on full circulatory support with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation as a bridge to her successful HSCT two months later. This
highlights the importance of prognostication in patient selection for
extracorporeal life support. A multi-disciplinary approach is essential
to each case until better initiation criteria, risk stratification and
treatment protocols are established.
Normal values for maximal respiratory pressures in children and adolescents: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Pradi Nicole , Vieira Danielle Soares Rocha , Ramalho Olivia , Lemes Italo Ribeiro , Cordeiro Emanuella , Arpini Maiqueli , Hulzebos Erik H.J. , Lanza Fernanda , Montemezzo Dayane
Published: January 2024

Objective: To present normative values for maximal respiratory pressures
in healthy children and adolescents based on a meta-analysis of
reference equations from previous publications. Data Sources: The
searches were carried out until May 2020 in the following databases:
ScienceDirect, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online-
MEDLINE (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health
Literature - CINAHL, Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO.
Study Selection: Articles that determined normative values and/or
reference equations for maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal
expiratory pressure (MEP) in healthy children and adolescents published
in English, Portuguese, or Spanish regardless of the year of publication
were included. Data Extraction: Two reviewers selected titles and
abstracts to identify the studies. In case of conflict, a third reviewer
was requested. Results: Initially, 248 studies were identified, 26
studies were included in the systematic review and 17 in the
meta-analysis. The sample consisted of 5,190 individuals, and the MIP
and MEP values were stratified by sex and age groups of 4-11 and 12-19
years. Values from 4 to 11 years for females were: 66.4 cmH2O for MIP
and 74.8 cmH2O for MEP, and for males, 76.1 cmH2O for MIP and 84.7 cmH2O
for MEP. In the age group from 12 to 19 years, for females were: 81.4
cmH2O for MIP and 90.1 cmH2O for MEP, and for males were 95.6 cmH2O for
MIP and 108.3 cmH2O for MEP. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested
normative values for respiratory muscle strength in children and
adolescents based on 17 studies.
Determinants of treatment decisions of patients with pancreatic cancer in shared decision-making: A qualitative study
Authors: Daanen Leonieke , Hanskamp-Sebregts Mirelle , Abma Inger , Wees Philip van der , Laarhoven Kees van , Jong Anneke , Kolk Marion van der
Published: January 2024

Rationale and aims Shared decision-making is an approach whereby
clinicians and patients make decisions together using the best available
evidence. The most common cancers studied in relation to shared
decision-making are breast and prostate. However, little is known about
shared decision-making in patients with pancreatic cancer. We aimed to
identify the determinants that influence pancreatic cancer patients in
making treatment decisions during shared decision-making. Methods This
qualitative study was carried out at a pancreatic outpatient clinic in
an University Medical Center in the Netherlands. We reviewed the
literature, observed patients in their option and decision talks, and
interviewed healthcare professionals and patients. We used directed
content analysis for the literature review, interview and observational
data. To categorise the data, we used Bandura’s Social Cognitive theory.
Results Related to Bandura’s categories, we identified six
subcategories: information provided by healthcare professionals, the
patient’s participation role, emotions due to the diagnosis, the
relationship between the healthcare professional and the patient,
patient characteristics and social support. The important determinants
that influenced patients’ treatment decisions were a poor recall of
information due to the emotions associated with diagnosis (e.g.,
completely shaken, fear) and the patient’s participation role preference
(mostly collaborative). Most patients preferred to discuss their
treatment options and the potential consequences for their daily life
with healthcare professionals. In addition, the determinants ‘a
well-informed patient’, ‘a trusting relationship between the healthcare
professional and the patient’ and ‘time out’ were preconditions for
enabling patients to take part in shared decision-making. Patient
characteristics and social support had less of an influence on patient’s
treatment decisions. Conclusions Better information recall, a trusting
relationship with healthcare professionals, and a time out period for
the consideration of treatment options are important determinants that
influence patients in their treatment decisions and their preferred
participation role during shared decision-making.
Piggery wastewater treatment with algae-bacteria consortia: pilot-scale validation and techno-economic evaluation at farm level
Authors: Rossi Simone , Pizzera A. , Bellucci M. , Marazzi F. , Mezzanotte V. , Parati K. , Ficara Elena
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the efficiency of an outdoor pilot-scale raceway pond
treating the wastewaters generated by a large-scale piggery farm in
Northern Italy was evaluated. The biomass productivity over the 208 days
of experimentation was 10.7 ± 6.5 g TSS·m ·d
, and ammoniacal nitrogen, orthophosphate, and COD
average removal efficiencies were 90%, 90%, and 59%, respectively.
These results were used to carry out a comprehensive techno-economic
analysis for the integration of algae-based processes in farms of
different sizes (100 – 10000 pigs). Based on this evaluation, the
amount of N disposed of on agricultural land can be reduced from 91% to
21%, increasing the fraction returned to the atmosphere from 2.4% to
63%, and the fraction in the biomass from 6.2% to 16%. In the case of
intensive farming, the release of 110 t N·ha ·y
contained in the liquid fraction of the digestate
could be avoided by including algae-bacteria processes in the farm
layout. The biomass production cost was as low as 3.4
\euro·kg , while the cost for
nitrogen removal was 7.6 \euro·kg N .
Experiences of women with advanced cervical cancer before starting the treatment: Systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Reis Bruna , Nogueira Cristiane , Meneses Aerica , Mellado Bruna , Reis Francisco Candido dos
Published: January 2024

Background. Advanced stage and high mortality are characteristics of
cervical cancer in developing countries. The comprehension of the
diagnosis itinerary is one of the main strategies to control the disease
impact. Objectives. We aimed to identify reasons for the delay in the
diagnosis of symptomatic cervical cancer according to the patient’s
perspectives reported in qualitative studies. Search Strategy. We
searched in four databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science)
until April 2020. In August 2021, we screened the papers’ references for
more articles. Selection Criteria. We included qualitative studies of
women with advanced cervical cancer that explored their experiences
before treatment. We excluded unoriginal studies, non-qualitative and
duplicated studies. Language criteria or time limits were not applied.
Data Collection and Analysis. We selected 39 articles for a full
reading. We included fifteen and excluded twenty-four papers.
Furthermore, we choose the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting
Qualitative Research (COREQ) for quality assessment. BSR codified the
papers included. She chose The Model of Pathways to Treatment to guide
the codifying process. Main Results. The studies reported between 11-27
of the 32 COREQ-checklist items. Four main themes emerged from the
synthesis: 1) Health seeking motivators; 2) Obstacles to seek medical
care; 3) Diagnosis delay; 4) Coping with the disease. These themes were
derived from a combination of patient personal knowledge and beliefs,
social relationships, socioeconomic status, and characteristics of the
healthcare system. Conclusions. Individual behavior, social factors, and
health care organization contribute to the delay in diagnosing advanced
cervical cancer.
Propagation and Collision Phenomena of Ion Acoustic ZK Solitons in Quantum plasmas: Effects of external force and exchange-correlation potential of degenerate electrons
Authors: Alam M S , Talukder M R
Published: January 2024

Propagation of ion acoustic waves (IAWs) and collision of double-,
triple-, and quadruple IAWs have been studied in a magnetized plasma
system consisting of cold ions and degenerate electrons. It is
considered that the ions are inertial and non-degenerate while the
electrons are degenerate and non-inertial. The reductive perturbation
method is used to derive Zakharov and Kuznetsov (ZK) equation. The
multi-soliton solutions of ZK equation are derived using the Hirota
bilinear method. The consequences of external periodic force and
exchange-correlation potential on the propagation and overtaking
collision of ion acoustic (IA) ZK-solitons are investigated taking into
account the plasma parameters as observed in astrophysical objects. The
considered quantum fluid model is valid for astrophysical conditions in
non-relativistic degenerate plasmas where the plasma density and
magnetic field strength are 〖10〗^26≤n_0≤〖10〗^29 cm^(-3)
and 〖10〗^6≤B_0≤〖10〗^9 G, respectively. It is found that, the
amplitude and width of theIAZK-solitons are modified due to the periodic
force and exchange-correlation potential. It is also found that the
large amplitude solitons always overtake the smaller one.
Relocalization evaluation of arbidol in the treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Bai Yujiao , Zhang Xianqing , Yang Meng , Zhang Lin , Jia Xu
Published: January 2024

Background The spread of COVID-19 continues, the mutation of SARS-COV-2
is still difficult to control, and the need for antiviral drugs to treat
COVID-19 remains urgent. The use of arbidol in the treatment of COVID-19
is limited and controversial. Methods To clarify the efficacy of arbidol
on COVID-19, we collected 25 cases and 178 related studies. We analyzed
the treatment information of arbidol based on the obtained cases,
expanded the scope of the study, and collected current studies on the
treatment of COVID-19 in various databases for in-depth analysis.
Results History analysis showed that arbidol was effective (76% cure
rate) compared with other drugs. However, compared with other antiviral
drugs or standard therapy, the arbidol group had no significant
advantage in reducing the time to negative virus transformation, length
of hospital stays, or improvement in CT (MD=0.22, 95%CI -0.29-0.73; MD
= 0.61, 95% CI 1.46 to 2.67; RR=1.15, 95%CI 0.88-1.50); Analysis of
adverse events showed no significant difference between the arbidol
group and the other groups (RR=0.82, 95%CI 0.25-2.71). Conclusion Our
study showed that arbidol had no significant effect on COVID-19, but
showed a slight advantage in CT improvement and adverse events. Our
study objectively evaluated the efficacy of arbidol in the treatment of
COVID-19 and provided some guidance for arbidol in the treatment of
COVID-19.
Amelioration effect of arginyl-fructosyl-glucose on type-2 diabetic mice induced by high fat diet and streptozotocin
Authors: Shao Ying , Li Wei , Zheng Yinan , Wang Li
Published: January 2024

Abstract. arginyl-fructosyl-glucose (AFG) is an early Maillard reaction
product synthesized from arginine and maltose. Although
antihyperglycemic activity of AFG has been reported several times in
recent years, the amelioration effect of AFG on type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM) remains unclear. For this purpose, T2DM was induced in mice by
high fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). Group 1 (n = 10, CON) and
Group 2 (n = 80) were fed regular chow and HFD, respectively. After 4
weeks of HFD feeding, group 2 was injected with STZ at a dose of 100
mg/kg and the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level was tested for 4 weeks
post-injection. Then, mice with FBG level above 7.8 mmol/L were divided
into five equally-sized groups (n=10) and they were treated with
vehicle, metformin, 50, 30 and 10 mg/kg of AFG for 4 weeks,
respectively, and CON was treated with vehicle. Orally treatment with
AFG resulted in the decrease of malondialdehyde, total cholesterol,
total triglyceride, daily food intake and daily water intake and
increase of body weight, superoxide dismutase and insulin. The
histological examination and immunohistochemistry indicate that the
hypoglycemic and insulin-sensitizing capability of AFG in diabetic mice
were enhanced via improving the destruction of the pancreatic islets.
Transcriptome data identifies signatures of divergence and gene flow in pine trees (Pinaceae)
Authors: Jiang Kaibin , Du Chengju , Huang Linwang , Chen Jiehu , Liu Tianyi , Huang Shaowei
Published: January 2024

Reconstructing the phylogeny of the pine family (Pinaceae) has
historically been problematic because analyses based on morphological
characters and genetic analyses using small numbers of sequences have
produced incongruent results. Such discrepancies may have resulted from
continuous gene flow or genome mixing events among certain pine species.
Here, we reconstructed a species-level tree of the Pinaceae using
genome-wide data from seven pine species. A multi-locus analysis of SNPs
from homologous fragments indicated that Pseudotsuga diverged
from Pinus and Picea 167.26–149.19 million years ago.
Analysis using the isolation-with-migration model identified significant
signals of two-way gene flow between Pinus taeda and Pinus
elliottii (P<0.001), while the
isolation-with-initial-migration model suggested that introgression did
not continue after this divergence. Gene flow has only ever occurred in
the initial period of species divergence. Further analyses highlighted
complex historical genome mixing and hybridization events over the
evolution of the pine family. Thus, the divergence and radiation of the
seven pines was a complex process accompanied by introgression and
historical admixture.
A cross-cultural adaptation and validation of a scale to assess Illness Identity in adults living with a chronic illness in South Africa- a case of HIV
Authors: Sematlane Neo , Knight Lucia , Masquillier Caroline , Wouters Edwin
Published: January 2024

The chronic illness trajectory and its outcomes are well explained by
the concept of illness identity; the extent to which ill individuals
have integrated their diagnosed chronic illness into their identity or
sense of self. The capacity to measure illness identity in people living
with HIV (PLHIV) is still relatively unexplored. We explored the
cross-cultural adaptation of a Belgian developed Illness Identity
Questionnaire (IIQ) and validated the instrument using a sample of South
African adults living with HIV. We followed a phased scale adaptation
and validation process which included an investigation of conceptual,
item and semantic equivalence. This was undertaken to assess
relationship, meaning, acceptance and relevance of the illness identity
construct, its latent factors and items in the South African context.
For operational equivalence we evaluated whether the format,
instructions and mode of administration of the IIQ could be maintained
as in the original context. Lastly, we examined the psychometric
properties of the IIQ. The concept of illness identity in PLHIV, was
found relevant within this context. Five items from the original IIQ
were excluded from the adapted IIQ due to either semantic insufficiency
and/or inadequate measurement equivalence. The mode of administration of
the IIQ was amended for the context. The original four factor 25-item
model did not fit current data, however, a better contextualized,
four-factor, 20-item model was identified and found valid in the current
setting. The results showed adequate statistical fit; χ2/d.f. = 1.516,
RMSEA = .076, SRMR = .0893, and CFI = .909. Convergent and discriminant
validity were also tenable. The cross-cultural adaptation and validation
of the IIQ was successful, resulting in the availability of an
instrument capable of measuring illness identity in PLHIV in a high HIV
prevalence and resource-constrained setting. This therefore addresses
the paucity of information and expands on knowledge about illness
identity.
High Risk Abdominal Pediatric Paraganglioma: a Case Report
Authors: Poumeaud Francois , Duval Mathilde , Gambart Marion , Dierickx Lawrence , Abbo Olivier , Hangard Gregory , Doyen Jérôme , Vidal Marie , Aubert Sebastien , Carillo Fabienne , Mouly Celine , Vial Julie , Brouchet Anne , Laprie Anne
Published: January 2024

We report the case of a 14 y.o girl treated with radiotherapy for an
abdominal paraganglioma - rare pediatric abdominal tumor - with
macroscopic tumoral residue after initial surgery and bone metastasis at
diagnosis. Irradiation of the tumoral residue and adjacent vertebral
metastasis was decided in national committee, proton or photon
based-irradiations were compared, before choosing helical tomotherapy
photonic irradiation to better protect kidneys. Response at three months
was mixed, with mild regression on the tumoral residue contrasting with
bone progression. The patient is now under screening to enter a
prospective phase II trial of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy
(PPRT).
The evolution of sustainability ideas in China from 1949 to 2015, quantified by culturomics
Authors: Zhang Danqing , Huang Guowen , Zhang Jiaen , Hou Xiaoyu , Zhou Tianyi , Chang Xianyuan , Ge Ying , Chang Jie
Published: January 2024

Previous cultural evolutionary analyses have used neutral models as null
models to distinguish between the unbiased copying and the biased
transmission of cultural traits. Here, we define economic and ecological
concepts as cultural traits that constitute a complex system
representing sustainability ideas. We analyse the frequency
distribution, turnover and innovation rates of 3,713 concepts appearing
in China’s mainstream newspaper, People’s Daily, from 1946 to 2015.
Results reveal that (1) economic concepts show a stronger tendency
towards random copying than ecological concepts; (2) popular economic
ideas experience anti-conformist bias, while ecological ideas experience
conformist bias; (3) the differences in popular concept variability
indicate that cultural drifts are stronger in disciplinary domains than
in cross-disciplinary domains; and (4) the frequency change in popular
sustainability ideas also suggests positive selection due to political
strategy and governmental behaviour. The study can promote vibrant and
resilient ecological knowledge to foster sustainability activities and
behaviours.
Cubic Spline Interpolation Method to Analyze the Similarity Factor of In vitro Drug Release Profile
Authors: Sheth Tulsi , Acharya Falguni
Published: January 2024

This study analyzes the similarity factor f2 within in vitro drug
release profiles of modified-release (MR) dosage form. The Cubic Spline
Interpolation (CSI) method is used to estimate the percentage drug
release at intermediate time points; to reduce the difference between MR
drug release profiles in the ex vivo environment. In this study, the
cubic spline interpolation approach assesses the similarity factor f2
and a pair-wise comparative analysis between two different formulations
of Quetiapine Fumarate MR tablets and one formulation of Venlafaxine HCl
MR tablets. This analysis explains the interpretation and comparison of
supplemental mediating timepoint observations. This method may aid
industries in monitoring the characteristics of in vitro release studies
with a few changes in timepoint selection and intensifying similarity
factor f2 for early-stage drug dosage form preparation.
Prenatal and postnatal echocardiographic manifestations of early-onset Marfan syndrome: a case report
Authors: pu lihong , Wang Yu , Liu Hanmin , Dai Xiaohui , liu dan , Wu Ting , Zhu Qi , Chen Jiao
Published: January 2024

Early-onset Marfan syndrome (eoMFS) is a rare subset of Marfan syndrome
with varying phenotypic expression that occurs in the neonatal and
infantile periods. eoMFS has a poor prognosis associated with high rates
of mortality. Most newborn eoMFS patients present early onset heart
failure that is resistant to treatment. This study presents a case of
eoMFS.
Disentangling leaf-microbiome interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana by network mapping
Authors: LI Kaihang , CHENG Kexin , WANG Haochen , ZHANG Qi , YANG Yan , Jin Yi , HE Xiaoqing , Wu Rongling
Published: January 2024

The leaf microbiota plays a key role in plant development, but a
detailed mechanism of microbe-plant relationships remains elusive. Many
genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have begun to map leaf microbes,
but few has systematically characterized the genetics of how microbes
act and interact. Previously, we integrated behavioral ecology and game
theory to define four types of microbial interactions – mutualism,
antagonism, aggression, and altruism, in a microbial community assembly.
Here, we apply network mapping to identify specific plant genes that
mediate the topological architecture of microbial networks. Analyzing
leaf microbiome data from an Arabidopsis GWAS, we identify several
heritable hub microbes for leaf microbial communities and detect 140-728
SNPs responsible for emergent properties of microbial network. We
reconstruct Bayesian genetic networks from which to identify 22-43 hub
genes found to code molecular pathways related to leaf growth, abiotic
stress responses, disease resistance and nutrition uptake. A further
path analysis visualizes how genetic variants of Arabidopsis affect its
fecundity through the internal workings of the leaf microbiome. We find
that microbial networks and their genetic control vary along
spatiotemporal gradients. Our study provides a new avenue to reveal the
“endophenotype” role of microbial networks in linking genotype to
end-point phenotypes in plants.
A Sunnier Forecast But Still Some Clouds: Trends in Pediatric Cancer Care in Florida from 1981-2020
Authors: Shaw Peter , Metts Jonathan , Amankwah Ernest , Eslin Don , Bradfield Scott , Slayton William , Hays Brian , Calkins Brian , MacArthur Craig , Rico Juan , Barredo Julio , Smith Amy , Hanif Iftikhar , Rodriguez-Cortes Hector , Nagasubramanian Ramamoorthy , Krischer Jeffrey
Published: January 2024

Background: The Florida Association of Pediatric Tumor Programs (FAPTP)
has used the Statewide Patient Information Reporting System (SPIRS)
since 1980 to track all cases of pediatric cancer. We reviewed the last
40 years of SPIRS data to see how pediatric cancer care has evolved.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the SPIRS data from 1980 through
2020 in 5-year increments, looking at numbers of new diagnoses, care
delivery sites and trial enrollment in Children’s Oncology Group (COG)
studies. Results: From 1981-2020 Florida’s population increased almost
88% while the pediatric population only grew 61%. New pediatric cancer
diagnoses increased 326% to over 1,000 new cases/year with the median
age increasing from 6 to 9. The percentage of patients treated at FAPTP
centers grew from 30% to 57% with an annual percentage change (APC) of
10.3% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] of 0.6 to 20.9%) and those
with known follow-up rose from 65% to 94%, an APC of 4.5% (95% CI of
3 to 6%). The rate of COG clinical trial enrollment decreased from 32%
in 1981-1985 to 20% from 2016-2020, for an APC of 8.91% (95% CI of
-13.3 to -4.3%). Conclusions: The striking increase in pediatric cancer
cases in Florida over the last 40 years was out of proportion to the
population growth. More patients received care at FAPTP centers but a
lower percentage were enrolled on COG clinical trials. Improved access
to care has not translated into a higher rates of trial enrollment, a
deficit which merits further investigation and initiatives.
Investigation on detachment of oil droplets driven by water shear field on solid surfaces with different wettability
Authors: Han Yunrui , He Limin , Wang Shipeng , Luo Xiaoming
Published: January 2024

The movement and detachment of tiny oil droplets in water on the
substrate is the key technology to strengthen oil-water separation by
using corrugated plate oil-water separation technology. Here, the
detachment behaviors of oil droplets adhered on substrates with
different wettability in laminar flow field is studied experimentally
and theoretically. The morphologic changes of mother and daughter oil
droplets are obtained when the adhered oil droplets are continuously
separated. The shedding mechanism of oil droplets is deeply analyzed,
and the critical condition for the effective detachment of the oil
droplet is obtained, which can be used to guide the design of the
surface wettability and water flow velocity in the actual production.
Semantic Segmentation of PHT based on Improved DeeplabV3+
Authors: Fang Haiquan
Published: January 2024

This work aimed to address the two shortcomings of printed and
handwritten texts (PHT) classification. The classification accuracy of
FCN and U-net, which are used for PHT pixel-level classification, still
has room to improve. PHT public datasets have small sample sizes, and
the generalization ability of the models are not good. In this paper,
first, a pixel-level sample making method for PHT identification was
proposed, and a PHT dataset 2021 (PHTD 2021), containing 3,000 samples,
was constructed. Second, because there is a large number of words but
the contours are small in documents, the DeeplabV3+ model was improved.
The network layer number and pooling times were reduced, and the
convolution kernel and dilated rate were increased. In the experiment,
the improved DeeplabV3+ model had a classification accuracy of 95.06%
on the test samples from PHTD 2021 data set. The improved DeeplabV3+
model has a higher recognition accuracy than the FCN and DeeplabV3+
models. Finally, after the classification of PHT, applications of
handwritten texts removal and handwritten texts extraction are provided.
Computational Analysis of Citric Acid Pertraction in Emulsion Liquid Membranes
Authors: Ghanbari Saeed , Golmohammadi Morteza , Gostick Jeff
Published: January 2024

Citric acid is one of widely used acids in industry and its recovery
from waste streams is critical. Emulsion liquid membrane is one of the
most effective recovery methods, which has been investigated in recent
years. Numerous transport phenomena parameters affect the efficiency of
this process. From the process equipment design point of view,
optimization based on overall cost is of great importance and important
equipment sizing decisions/constraints must be considered. A
physics-based model for a full-scale simulation of emulsion liquid
membrane systems is very useful. This work is focused on developing and
verifying such a model. A coupled particle/mixture simulation was
carried out in this work and the modeling results were fitted on the
experimental data. The model is capable of simulating similar systems
with a reasonable accuracy.
Honey bee introductions displace native bees and decrease pollination of a native wildflower
Authors: Page Maureen , Williams Neal
Published: January 2024

Introduced species can have cascading effects on ecological communities,
but indirect effects of species introductions are rarely the focus of
ecological studies. For example, multiple studies have documented how
abundant honey bees impact wild bee communities through competition for
floral resources; however, few have quantified how these competitive
interactions affect pollination. Using experimental hive additions and
field observations in montane meadows, we show that honey bee
introductions indirectly reduce pollination of an ecologically important
wildflower, Camassia quamash, by competitively excluding visits from
more effective bees. Increased honey bee abundance led to decreased
nectar and pollen availability, which may explain why native bee visits
declined. We demonstrate that honey bee introductions can erode
longstanding mutualisms, with negative consequences for plant
reproduction. Our study calls for a more thorough understanding of the
indirect consequences of species introductions and more careful
coordination of hive placements.
Risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes after using Ondansetron during pregnancy: a systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: cao xiao , Sun Mingyao , Yang Qiuyu , Wang Qi , Hou Liangying , Ge Long , Yin Min
Published: January 2024

Background Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe complication of
pregnancy affecting around 1% of pregnancies globally. Objective To
investigate whether ondansetron use during pregnancy is associated with
increased rates of abnormal pregnancy outcomes. Search strategy PubMed,
Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, CBM, WANFANG, and
ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for citations published in any language
from inception to 15 December 2021. Selection criteria Eligible studies
included any observational study. Data collection and analysis We used
odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as a measure of
the association between ondansetron and abnormal pregnancy outcomes.
Main results Of 1,558 citations screened, 19 articles were included. No
significant increased risk for overall congenital malformations
(OR=1.10,95% CI:0.94–1.29, Low certainty), cleft palate (OR=0.78,95%
CI:0.37–1.64, Very Low certainty), stillbirth (OR=0.60,95%
CI:0.40–0.91, Low certainty) or preterm birth (OR=0.78,95%
CI:0.37–1.64, Low certainty) were identified in our primary analysis.
However, the results of our primary analysis indicated that ondansetron
use during pregnancy was associated with significantly increased rates
of heart defects (OR=1.06,95% CI:1.02–1.11, Moderate certainty) and
other organ malformations (OR=1.09,95% CI:1.03–1.16, Moderate
certainty) when exposed infants were compared with healthy or
disease-matched controls. Conclusion Ondansetron use during pregnancy
was associated with a significant increase in rate of some abnormal
pregnancy outcomes in our primary analysis. In conclusion, our review
found that ondansetron should not use as first-line treatment for NVP.
But for sever and incurable NVP, clinician can consider use moderate
amount ondansetron to treat NVP with close monitoring.
Genome-wide Identification of the Cell Wall Ralated Gene GhGRP in Gossypium hirsutum L. and Its Role in Abiotic Stress.
Authors: Wang Delong , Lu Xuke , Zhang Yuexin , Chen Xiugui , Zhao Lanjie , Wang Junjuan , Wang Jing , Han Mingge , Fan Yapeng , Wang Shuai , Guo Lixue , Yin Zujun , Rui Cun , Zhang Hong , Xu Nan , Wang Qinqin , Sun Liangqing , Chen Chao , Ye Wuwei
Published: January 2024

GRP (glycine-rich protein) is characterized by glycine-rich and
conserved motifs that include (Gly) N-X repeats. This superfamily is
generally divided into five major subclasses. Although GRP has been
found to be involved in the stress response in many model plants and
nonmodel plant species, little is known about the key physiological
processes and molecular mechanisms involved in these proteins. In this
study, we identified and analyzed the GhGRP genes of five
subgroups of Gossypium hirsutum for the first time. Our research
showed that GRP overexpression could enhance the salt stress
tolerance of Arabidopsisthaliana and cotton, which would
play a very promising role in cotton genetic engineering breeding. The
GRP gene had make some progress in rice, Arabidopsisthaliana, maize, tobacco and other plants. In cotton, only
Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium raimondii had been
analyzed and identified into subgroup IV[(](#ref-0038)W. Yang et
al., 2019), also known as the RB-GRP. VIGS and Arabidopsisthaliana overexpression experiments showed that the expression of
GRP42 gene could indeed improve plant salt tolerance. The results
of TEM showed that GRP42 gene maight act on the cell wall of
plant vascular tissue and played a supporting role.