bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influences of Constitutive Models on the Collapses of OFHC Copper Cylindrical Shells under Impact Compression
Authors: Wu Shan Xing , Chen Da Nian , Ma Dong Fang , Zhang Duo , Wang Huan Ran , Jin Yang Hui
Published: March 2011

An axial collapse test of Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity copper (OFHC) cylindrical specimen subjected to impact against a steel plane target at the velocity range between 64 m/s and 165 m/s was performed on a single gas gun. The deformation process of the OFHC cylindrical shell in the specimen was a sequence of the thermovisco-plastic wave propagation between target plate and the structural plate. The experimental results were simulated numerically by use of LS-DYNA. The influences of OFHC constitutive models on the deformations of OFHC cylindrical shells were shown in the paper. It seems that the Johnson－Cook(J-C) constitutive model gave a better prediction of the shape of the OFHC cylindrical shell in such an impact test. The deformation of cylindrical shell is sensitive to the work-hardening coefficient. The energy absorption behaviors of the OFHC cylindrical shells were also investigated. The energy absorption capability of the shells influenced by their geometries were also shown in the paper.
Feasibility Analysis of Small Hydropower Projects ABS Financing
Authors: Zhong Jin Ru
Published: March 2011

The small hydropower, as a kind of clean energy, plays an important role in protecting the environment, realizing sustainable development. In order to resolve the liquidity problems of long-term bank loans of small hydropower projects and accelerate development of small hydropower construction. This paper analyses the characteristics of ABS financing mode, the superiority and feasibility of ABS mode applied in a small hydropower project. And the basic operational procedures and the basic pattern of ABS mode in small hydropower project were put forward.
Cluster-to-Cluster Relay Schemes in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Zhang Xue Fen , Li Fang Zhen
Published: March 2011

Cooperative communications is a promising technology to improve the performance of wireless sensor networks. To ensure scalability sensor networks are often partitioned into clusters, each managed by a cluster head. most of the previous research focused on the optimal communication of sensors in one cluster, very little attention has been paid to the efficiency of cooperation among the clusters .In this paper, we consider cluster-to-cluster cooperative communications where cluster head node relay data packets to nearby cluster head nodes using cooperative communications, and propose two cooperative transmission scheme and analysis on the throughput and outage probability. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of our results through numerical examples.
Study on Visual Assembly Process Planning System Based on 3DVIA Composer
Authors: Chen Lei , Deng Ming Ran , Jiang Zheng Feng
Published: March 2011

Errors often occur in the assembling process because traditional two-dimensional process cards are lack of three-dimensional realistic in assembling site. Aimed at this problem, a visual assembly process planning system is proposed, which turns assembly process into assembly animation on the basis of three-dimensional model on the platform of 3DVIA Composer. This System combines assembly process planning with assembly simulation, and then realizes the assembly process related to three-dimensional process model and assembly animation and assembly process visualization in assembling site by the application programming interface provided by 3DVIA Composer. The system has been applied to some aircraft parts manufacturing enterprise, and then obviously shortens assembling time and guarantees assembling quality.
A Study on Interface Strength of a-Si:H-DLC Film
Authors: Zheng Jin Hua , Chen Ying
Published: March 2011

In this study a method to deposit a-Si:H-DLC film at room temperature has been explored by CVD. The interface structure of a-Si:H-DLC film and the compositions of DLC film were studied, the adhesion strength of DLC film deposited directly on metal substrates was very poor, there was an almost complete crack at interface between DLC film and metal substrates, the local shedding could also be observed on surface of DLC film. After inserting a-Si:H intermediate material into the interface, the adhesion strength of a-Si:H-DLC film was improved well, the a-Si:H intermediate layer with about 0.2μm thickness was formed, and was very impact. In addition the structures of DLC film mainly were graphite structure with SP2 bonding, and contain a certain amount of diamond structure with SP3 bonding. Load capacity of a-Si:H-DLC film deposited on the metal substrates was also evaluated, as the contact stress (Hertz stress) was less than 544MPa for the film with 1μm-thickness, the failure life was up to 100 million cycles or more by using “ball- on- disk” wear testing machine, therefore it could be used in practice. Changes in load had little effect on friction coefficient.
Binderless Particleboard from Steam Exploded Wheat Straw
Authors: Luo Peng , Yang Chuan Min
Published: March 2011

Wheat straw is one of the most abundant and cheap lignocellulosic waste materials in the world. Nowadays, ﬁeld burning is the major practice for removing wheat straw due to lack of effective utilization, but it increases the air pollution and consequently affects public health. Wheat straw is an attractive lignocellulosic raw material for binderless particleboard production. In this study, steam explosion was adopted as pretreatment method for wheat straw. The pretreated wheat straw was used to produce binderless particleboard panels. The inﬂuence of both pretreatment temperature and residence time on chemical composition of wheat straw, and modulus of rupture, internal bond and water absorption of panel boards was investigated. The results showed that defiberation of wheat straw raw material occurred during steam explosion pretreatment. The modulus of rupture and internal bond increased while water absorption of panels decreased as pretreatment severity increased. The optimum pretreatment condition, with 19.8 MPa of modulus of rupture, 0.2572 MPa internal bond and 61.5% of water absorption of panels, occurred under 170°C temperature and 10 minute residence time.
The Problems and Countermeasures of China Energy-Saving Building
Authors: Li Xiao Dong , Zhang Xiao Di
Published: March 2011

For the huge scale of China's housing construction, our nation housing construction area into a year, than all the housing area developed into a year combined. Research shows that nearly 99% of the buildings have high energy consumption buildings, building energy related to the national development plan, the construction and transformation of energy-saving design is imperative. This article describes China building energy consumption, China building energy efficiency issues. And put forward China building energy-saving measures.
Soft-Sensing Technology in the Combustion Optimization for Power Plant
Authors: Liu Bao Ling , Xuan Zeng
Published: March 2011

Aiming at the requirements of saving energy and reducing emission on power plant, NOx emission model was built by SVM ,an effective learning tool, based on the analysis of the emission characteristics, and ACO was applied to optimize the model parameters. The model was tested on a 660MW power plant ,and the result indicated that SVM was a good tool for building emission model and had better generalization ability and higher calculation speed comparing with BP modeling approaches.
Process Analysis and Application for Rapid Prototyping Based on Fused Deposition Modeling
Authors: Yu Dong Man , Zhu Cheng Jun , Su Jun , Wang Di
Published: March 2011

This paper presents the working principle of rapid prototyping technology based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) and summaries its technology features. The basic constitution of FDM system, such as mechanical device and control cell, are discussed, respectively. Selecting a deep groove ball bearing as experimental object and manufactured in the MEM320A rapid prototyping machine to demonstrate the FDM fabrication process. Investigate into the application of FDM on production design, function demonstration and biomedical engineering. Finally, the future development of FDM is prospected.
Study on the Application of Virtual Reality in Transportation Traffic Problem
Authors: Xu Yi Yi , Li Wei Long , Sun Zi Guang
Published: March 2011

The application of virtual reality in traffic simulation is the combination of the virtual world and real world. By feeling the traffic based on virtual reality people can understand the traffic in reality. Application of virtual reality technology to simulate traffic in reality can be used in the field of exercises and training of transport-related personnel. It can save a lot of human and financial resources by avoiding the on-site exercises and training.
The Improved Algorithm of Edge Detection Based on Canny Operator
Authors: Wang Wei Qing , Ding Hua Feng , Xiao Xing Jiang , Xu Jun , Zhang Yuan
Published: March 2011

The traditional Canny algorithm can only seek the finite difference from horizontal and vertical directions. For the problem which exists in it, we improved the algorithm to seek the finite difference from horizontal direction, vertical direction, 45 degree direction and 135 degree direction. So the edge detection has got improvement in the effect that detail keeps, edge articulation and edge continuity, and it wiped off some false edge. The experiment has verified the validity and correctness of the improved algorithm.
A Distributed Bayesian Fusion Algorithm Research
Authors: Xu Shi Jun , Hong Li , Hu Yong Hong
Published: March 2011

In this paper, the signal detection problem when distributed sensors are used a global decision is desired is considered. Local decisions from the sensors are fed to the data fusion center which then yields a global decision based on a fusion rule. Based on The data fusion theories of Bayesian criterion used for a distributed parallel structure, fusion rules at the fusion center、 the decision rules of sensors and the results of the computer simulation for two identical sensors, two different sensors and three identical sensors are presented. The results of the computer simulation show that the performance of the fusion system, compared with the sensor, has been improved. For the case there are three identical sensors in the fusion system, Bayesian risk is reduced by 26.5%, compared with the sensor.
Development of an Efficient Thermal Transfer Structure in Rapid Heat Cycle Molding
Authors: Fan Zeng Wei , Ge Xiao Hong , Huang Hong Wu , Li Hui
Published: March 2011

The efficiency of the orientation thermal transfer is the key in rapid heat cycle molding (RHCM) technology, because it significantly affects the energy consumption, productivity and the quality of the final polymer parts. Therefore, the thermal response of the integral mold insert in SRHCM process has been simulated by ANSYS, and a novel thermal transfer structure in the form of combined mold insert with insulation layer has been developed to reduce the energy waste. The milled U-grooves act as thermal transfer channels in this structure, which can be manufactured conveniently to obtain high surface quality easily. The simulation results show that the novel structure can save energy consumption evidently, that the heating time is reduced by 35.7 percent, and that the cooling time is reduced by 24.9 percent compared with the unmodified one.
Eco-Efficiency Evaluation of Poyang Lake Region Based on DEA Method
Authors: Su Hai Tao , Guo Hai Qing , Hu Jin Feng , Zeng Hui
Published: March 2011

The eco-efficiency and sustainable development have become the focus of world and the issues to be resolved urgently. In this paper, the recent research status of eco-economic region of Poyang Lake in China is analyzed, and the multi-level evaluation index system of eco-efficiency of Poyang Lake is constructed. The minimum input and maximum output method based on DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) is proposed, the mathematical model of validity evaluation of eco-economic region of Poyang Lake is set up and programmed by MATLAB. Efficiency evaluation of a complex system with the cases from nine districts of Poyang Lake region in China is realized, which is more than one homogeneous decision-making unit of multi-input and multi-output. The MDEA (Modified DEA) method resolves the problems of ranking DEA efficient units of Poyang Lake, The DEAP2.1 software differentiates the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of eco-economic region of Poyang Lake, and adjusts the DEA inefficient units to become technical efficiency. The model can be used to analyze efficiency and diagnose different units at the same time or same unit at different time. It can be more accurate and convenient for the management process of eco-economic region of Poyang Lake and the similar eco-economic region.
Analysis Model of Discipline Cluster System Core Competence
Authors: Yang Chang Hui
Published: March 2011

This paper analyses the basic connotation of team and academic team, and uses the concept of cluster and core competence for pedagogy, educes and explains the subject cluster and subject cluster core competence, discusses the troubling factors of affecting subject cluster core competence. And then, this paper researches the opening extent of academic team how to affect the academic team creativity and subject cluster core competence.
Study and Practice of Recrystallization Annealing Process of High-Plasticity Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet
Authors: Li Jin Ze , Zhang Hai Long , Li Zhi Hong
Published: March 2011

More detailed analysis of chemical compositions, cold plastic deformation and microstructure and properties change of 40Mn and 65Mn steel in recrystallization annealing process were made in the paper. How to get high plasticity and improve the performance of cold pressure processing technology as to cold-rolled 40Mn, 65Mn steel in recrystallization annealing technology, it was suggested that hardness was appropriately sacrificed to ensure the high plasticity. The paper analyzed concretely the reason of the influence of ball Fe3C to plasticity. Recrystallization annealing process and metallographic structure analysis were made. Basically set the process of 40Mn and 65Mn steel recrystallization annealing. Initially carry out the practical application, receive a better effect and have more potential applications foreground.
Application of Association Rule in Students’ Results in University
Authors: Zhou Li Juan , Li Shuang , Liu Tong
Published: March 2011

With the improved Apriori algorithm mine the potential association rules among courses from a large number of college students’ results. First is data preprocessing, which includes course options, students (transaction) options, results classification, category statistics and Data transformation. Then carry the experiment and analyze the experimental results in detail. At last, get association rule guiding to further teaching.
A Novel Control Procedure for Single Axis Roll Forming
Authors: Qian Bo , Li Qiang
Published: March 2011

In flexible roll forming, the horizontal movable sheet steel can be formed by controlling the servo motor to drive the multi-pass vertical movable roll. Only when the longitudinal movable distance of the roll in every pass matches exactly the contours of the sheet steel in time and space, the designated cross-section shape can be formed. Controlling the servo motor by applying the configuration programming is a common approach to achieve roll motion, but will not be able or difficult to realize by the configuration programming for complex contour without the rules such as hyperbolic, or the molding product in asymmetric cross-section shape, however, there are two other approaches such as simplifying the curves and using similar shapes to fit the process. As for the complex non-symmetrical curvature shapes, this paper adopts the variable time-domain servo motion control method to form the sheet steel. Experiments show that the variable time-domain servo motor control is a good motion control method for the sheet steel forming in complex cross-section shape.
Application of BP Neural Network to Extract AE Characteristic Parameters of the Crack in the Drawing Parts
Authors: Luo Zhi Gao , He Xin , Xu Ai Cheng , Chen Qiang
Published: March 2011

Using BP Neural Network to optimize AE characteristic parameters of crack in drawing parts.By detecting the optimized characteristic parameters of crack, the crack in drawing parts are identified.According to the quality of drawing parts,the output of the network are crack signal and normal signal.Comparing the sensitivity of the input characteristic parameters on the output characteristic parameters,then pick the characteristic parameters which have bigger sensitivity values.Finally,the AE characteristic parameters such as Rise Time、AE Event Counter、Energy、Amplitude、Frequency Centroid can represent the signal of crack in the drawing parts better.These five characteristic parameters can identify the crack signal in the forming process of the drawing parts.
The Applications of Description Logics in Natural Language Processing
Authors: Cheng Xian Yi , Cheng Chen , Zhu Qian
Published: March 2011

As a sort of formalizing tool of knowledge representation, Description Logics have been successfully applied in Information System, Software Engineering and Natural Language processing and so on. Description Logics also play a key role in text representation, Natural Language semantic interpretation and language ontology description. Description Logics have been logical basis of OWL which is an ontology language that is recommended by W3C. This paper discusses the description logic basic ideas under vocabulary semantic, context meaning, domain knowledge and background knowledge.
Image Edge Detection Using Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform
Authors: Ma Chang Xia , Bi Ye , Zhao Qi Shen , Shan Jian Kui , Zhang Yong
Published: March 2011

An algorithm for image edge detection based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) is proposed. NSCT is multiresolutional, localized, multidirectional and anisotropic，so it can more effectively capture high dimensional singularity. Firstly, the coefficients at different scales and in different directions are obtained by image decomposition using the NSCT, then with these coefficients thresholds are adaptively set and the generalized nonlinear gain function is used to enhance the edge features with low contrast while protecting the strong contrast features from over enhancing in the NSCT domain. The experiment results show that the algorithm achieve a good effect than other algorithms.
Analysis on Force of Pressure Head during ECAP Based on Simulation
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Ke Shi , Shi Yan Ke , Hu Hui Juan
Published: March 2011

The main effect factors about force of pressure head (FPH) are investigated by numerical simulation for the process of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP). The influence of extrusion mould design parameters which including corner angler ( ) and corner radius (R), friction condition between mould’s inner wall and multi specimen in the mould, different last location of pressure head and extrusion specimen etc on force of pressure head, are analyzed and discussed by numerical simulation.
Analysis of the Effect of Load Ratio on Fatigue Crack Growth
Authors: Xiong Ying
Published: March 2011

In this paper, fatigue test and numerical simulation are carried out for Q345 weld joint under constant amplitude loading at different R-ratio using the compact tension samples with 3.8mm thickness. The result indicates that fatigue crack growth rates in the base metal is not sensitive to R-ratio, but the fatigue crack growth rates increases in the weld zone with R-ratio increasing. The effect of R-ratio on fatigue crack growth is analyzed based on J-S cycle plasticity model and Jiang’s multiaxial fatigue criterion. The finite element method (FEM) is used for the stress-strain analysis with the implementation of an accurate J-S cyclic plasticity model. With the detailed stresses and strains, fatigue damage assessment is made using a Jiang’s multiaxial fatigue criterion.
Tearing and Stabbing Strength of Industrial Woven Fabrics
Authors: Wang Ping
Published: March 2011

Woven fabrics are widely used in industry. In this paper, mechanical behaviors such as tear strength and stab strength of four kinds of woven fabric with different structural parameters were tested on Material Test System (MTS810.23). The tests were all conducted on both warp and weft directions. The failure morphologies of each woven fabric were observed to unveil the corresponding failure mechanisms.
On Orthogonal Waveform Design for MIMO Radar
Authors: Cai Long , Ma Xiao Chuan , Yan She Feng , Xu Qi
Published: March 2011

MIMO radar system that transmits orthogonal waveforms is an emerging technology that has significant application potential. Compared to traditional phased-array radar, orthogonal transform waveform can bring many advantages. In this paper, we present a novel binary phase code sequence suitable for orthogonal design. This phase code sequence is computationally efficient compared to other algorithms previously proposed in the literature. We provide some numerical examples to demonstrate the performances of the coded pulse signal.
Effect of Morphology and Structure of Fiber and Yarn on Fuzzing and Pilling of Wool Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Wan Ai Lan , Yu Wei Dong
Published: March 2011

The morphology and dimension of wool fibers were compared from the usually processed in the wool applications to investigate the relationships between shape and dimensions of wool and fuzzing and pilling of knitted fabrics. The frictional coefficients of wool fibers were measured by capstan method. The surface morphology were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the cuticle scale edge height (CSH) were measured to verify the relationship between CSH and the differential friction effect (DFE). The hairiness and tensile properties of yarn were also reported. The pilling comparative experiments of the corresponding knitted fabrics were conducted with the ICI pilling box according to GBT 4802.3-2008. The pilling grades were estimated by numbers of pills. Experimental results showed that the CSH increased with the slenderness of wool fiber when the length is approximately equivalent. Specifically, the DFE increased distinctly as the CSH increased. The pills weight of wool knitted fabric was in good agreement with the CSH, DFE.
A Cooperative Simulated Annealing Algorithm for the Optimization of Process Planning
Authors: Lian Kun Lei , Zhang Chao Yong , Gao Liang , Xu Shao Tan , Sun Yi
Published: March 2011

Process planning is an essential component of computer aided process planning (CAPP), which involves operations selection from design features and operations sequencing of these selected operations. It makes process planning a complex combinatorial optimization problem to conduct of these two steps simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a cooperative simulated annealing (CoSA) approach for the process planning problem to minimize total manufacturing cost. The proposed CoSA algorithm employed a novel optimization strategy different from all the existing approaches in the literature. Simulated annealing was utilized to optimize the four components of a process plan individually and sequentially. The approach is tested on two parts from the literature and compared with other approaches. The computation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Design and Finite Element Analysis of Magnetic Circuit for Disk MRF Brake
Authors: Liu Cheng Ye , Yi Feng Yan , Jiang Ke Jun
Published: March 2011

Design of magnetic circuit is the key for disk MRF brake and has an important effect on brake torque per unit mass. In this paper structure and working principle of disk MRF brake are introduced, and magnetic circuit is designed by using engineering magnetic field method, and main technologies are introduced in detail, and its magnetic field is analyzed based on finite element method. This is benefit for structure optimization of the magnetic circuit. The feather of the magnetic circuit is received by numerical analysis method, and magnetic saturation and leakage phenomenon are found at the circuit, and these problems should be paid attention especially.
A Novel Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Image Reconstruction Algorithm for Electrical Capacitance Tomography System
Authors: Chen Yu , Cao Jun , Chen De Yun
Published: March 2011

To solve the‘soft-field’nature and the ill-posed problem in electrical capacitance tomography (ECT)technology, a novel preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm for electrical capacitance tomography is presented. The analysis of the basic principles of electrical capacitance tomography, based on the given preconditioned conjugate gradient method and calculation formula of the iteration steps of the ECT and to explore the feasibility of application of the algorithm, the algorithm to meet the convergence conditions and the reconstruction image error. Experimental results and simulation data indicate that the algorithm can provide high quality images and favorable stabilization compared with LBP，conjugate gradient algorithms in simple flow pattern and this new algorithm presents a feasible and effective way to research on image reconstruction algorithm for Electrical Capacitance Tomography System.
Immune Danger Theory Based Model for SYN Flooding Attack Situation Awareness
Authors: Sun Fei Xian , Wu Zhi Gang
Published: March 2011

This paper explores a novel danger theory based model to aware the situation for TCP SYN flooding attacks. Within in the presented model, the TCP SYN flooding attacks are looked as dangerous exogenous patterns, and induce danger signals to aware the situation of host computers, which is realized by hosted-based artificial immune detectors. After summarizing the danger theory, the model framework, correlative concepts, TCP SYN flooding attack detection, danger signal computation and attack situation awareness methods are described. Following that, the interrelated techniques are compared. Theoretical analysis results show that the proposed model is valid. Thus, it provides a good solution to computer network security.
Influences of Surfactants on Gloss of Aluminum Paste Printing Ink
Authors: Du Bin , Zhou Shi Sheng , Wang Nan
Published: March 2011

In reflection to the fact that aluminum paste printing ink has lower gloss and poor masking power in China, it can not meet the requirements of printing production. In this paper, through the surface modification of coated aluminum powder, five kinds of single surfactant were coated on the surface of aluminum powder by wet method in different proportions. The wettability, the floating property and the gloss of the coated aluminum powder were measured, and the influence mechanisms of the surfactants on the wettability and floating property of the aluminum powders and gloss of the aluminum paste printing ink were analyzed as well. The results showed that the wettability of the aluminum powder coated by 1% Oleic acid has the largest decrease, the floating property of the aluminum powder coated by 3% Tween-80 has the largest increase and the aluminum powder coated by 1% Polyvinyl alcohol has the highest gloss. The gloss of the coated aluminum powder increases to 73.8. Modified aluminum paste printing ink has higher gloss and stronger masking, thus can meet the printing requirements for aluminum paste printing ink.
The Efficiency Formula for the Coupled Planetary Drive of Gear System
Authors: Liu Hu Ran
Published: March 2011

Put forward the method that one kind of calculation antithetical couplet moved the planet circular system efficiency , and expounded uniteing the relation moved between the positive and negative direction drive efficiency of planet circular system . List its efficiency calculation formula that variously joins under the different mobile states of merit rate of method
Machining Posture and Movement Coupling of the 6-Axis Machining Stewart Robot
Authors: Liu Hu Ran
Published: March 2011

The Stewart machining robot adopts a closed ring structure; the shaft was connected with a number of spatial links. In the coordinate system fixed on the cutter, the coordinates of the hinges joining control links and shaft can be determined. And the posture of the tool can be determined as well. Corresponding to every posture of machining, the position of shaft can made the lengths of the two Control axes equal. So that if one of the controlling ends of NC system controls two axes simultaneously, a 5 coordinate system can realize the function of the 6- coordinate system.
The Digital Watermarking Used to the Smart Power Grid Security
Authors: Yan Xin , Du Jia Gen , Li Jun Ru
Published: March 2011

The communication networks used to smart power grid include wired and wireless networks in terms of data transmission mode, and wireless networks mainly refer to wireless sensor networks (WSN). Accordingly, the data security in smart power grid involves the data transmission security in both cable networks and WSN. WSN is an application-specific network, and a promising research in smart power grid field. In this paper, we use the digital watermarking technology to solve WSN security in smart power grid. Firstly we propose a watermark mechanism based on alternating current, including watermark generation, embedding and detection algorithms. And then we use simulation results to demonstrate its feasibility and efficiency.
Realization of Electronic Ticket Service System Based on JSP
Authors: Li Min Song
Published: March 2011

Based on the analysis of web database realize technique,the paper researches the design of the web database system by JSP. aim at the problem that database access based on JDBC is low efficiency in distribute servers, one of the solutions is adopting the method of database connection pool. and completes the network information management system based on Browser/server(B/S) mode.
A Kind of Copyright Protection Method Based on Computer Fingerprint
Authors: Li Min Song
Published: March 2011

This paper advances a kind of method based on binding of computer Fingerprint and Related registration information of software, it can encapsulate digital content with encryption algorithm in order to authenticating the legal registered users by employing authentication technology and plug-in technology on the base of cooperation of Server and Client. The method of realizing the collection of machine fingerprint by using interruption technology is explained in detail and the encryption algorithm adopted is described detailedly.
An Empirical Analysis on the Factors Affecting the Loan Size of the Construction of New University Campus
Authors: Wan Yi Ping , Xu Bin , Li Shui Di
Published: March 2011

In recent years, with the rapid development of higher education in China, the scale of every university unceasingly expands and many universities are building new campus or are intend to construct new campus. The construction of new campus needs large-scale capital, although various universities try every means to raise the funds, the main source of construction capital is bank loans. In this paper, we, at first, put forward the background and significance studying the factors affecting the loan scale of the construction of new university campus, then, we screened the factors affecting the loan scale of university and made use of the data of these factors for statistical analysis. Finally, we summarized the results of statistical analysis.
Compatibility of Lignin/LDPE Composites Modified with HDPE-G-MAH
Authors: Lv Xin Ying , Liu Qiang , Zhang Yan Hua , Di Ming Wei
Published: March 2011

Lignin have been blended with low density polyethylene (LDPE). Maleic anhydride grafted high density polyethylene (HDPE-g-MAH) has been added as compatibilizing agent. The weight ratio of LDPE, ligin and HDPE-a-MAH were 75:25:7.5, 75:25:10 and 75:25:12.5, respectively. The mechanical properties of the blends were investigated according to Chinese standard GB/1447-2005 and compared with those of lignin/LDPE composites without compatibilizing agent. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the dispersion of the lignin and LDPE and the compatibilizing mechanism was analyzed. The results reveal that addition of compatibilizing agent increased the interfacial bonding strength of the composites, improved the mechanical properties and obtained the better dispersion of the lignin and LDPE.
Analysis of Social Network Mutate in Start-Up Enterprises Evolution
Authors: Wang Min , Peng Hua Tao
Published: March 2011

In the process of evolution in Start-up Enterprises, its social networks will often occurred Mutations phenomenon because of environmental changes, the changing conditions, the reverse direction, management of error, etc. This paper analyzed the evolution in social network of Start-up Enterprises through the basic concepts of the theory of mutations, definition of mutations in Start-up Enterprises′ social network evolution, and the using of swallow-tail mutation theory; proposed countermeasures of how to make full use of social network to facilitate Start-up Enterprises timely and accurately identify mutations, take measures, reduce the loss which mutations brought.
A Subblock Matrix Approach to Data-Reduction in Gait Recognition
Authors: Ben Xian Ye , An Shi , Wang Jian , Liu Hai Yang
Published: March 2011

We propose a novel method for data reduction in gait recognition, called Subblock Complete Two Dimensional Principal Component Analysis (SbC2DPCA). GEIs were divided into smaller sub-images and redundant subblocks were adaptively removed. Complete Two Dimensional Principal Component Analysis (C2DPCA) was then applied to every sub-image directly, to acquire a set of projection sub-vectors for both row and column directions and these were synthesized into whole features for subsequent classification using nearest neighbor classifier. We evaluate the proposed gait recognition method on the CASIA gait database. The experimental results and analysis show the recognition accuracy of SbC2DPCA to be superior to C2DPCA, with C2DPCA being a special case of SbC2DPCA. The novelty of the proposed method lies in the adaptive removal of redundant data while extracting local features. This translates to data reduction with very minimal loss of information, as demonstrated by the remarkable recognition accuracy when subjects change clothing or have a backpack.
Research on Attitude Law of Mass Moment Missile Based on Mulriple Control
Authors: Wu Peng , Chen Qi Chao , Ning Jiao Ding
Published: March 2011

Aimed at characteristics of mass moment of missiles in exo-atmosphere, it’s inferred that 6-DOF mathematical model based on mass moment controlling stabilities on three axes. Considering the problem of harmoniously controlling two moving masses, moving mass based non-linear theorem was used to solve a series of problems met in attitude control system design. In order to weaken the chattering of the system, a saturation function is introduced to substitute for Sign function to improve the variable structure control law so that the chattering can be depressed. The simulation results illustrate the efficiency of this method.
Design and Implementation of Angular Sensor in Radio Positioning System
Authors: Fan Li Ming , Hu Yong Hong , Wu Peng
Published: March 2011

According to the Index Requirements of Radiolocation in a small aircraft, a Digital high-precision angular sensor is designed. Based on the design idea of multi-stage rotary transformer as angular displacement of the collector, introduced the principle of angle sensor, give the detailed design of hardware, described data collection, data processing and coding methods. Through laboratory static testing and dynamic testing, the test results with the static and dynamic shows GPS azimuth fit data well. Error analysis shows that: In this paper, the angular sensor designed, precision target to meet the system requirements may be applied to other areas of the angular displacement measurement system.
The Design and Application of UAV’s Digital Steering Gear
Authors: Xu Shi Jun , Hu Yong Hong , Wan Wei
Published: March 2011

For a special electromagnetic environment and the installation of environmental requirements of UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) airborne, a design of digital anti-jamming steering gear is given. The composition, functions and working principle of the steering gear are described in details. The key circuits of functional modules are given, introduce a CDMA (code division multiple access) communication protocol of Digital Servo instruction and TDMA (time division multiple access) state data frame format. Take a UAV as an example, discusses the multi-steering application in airborne systems workflow. The application results showed that: this design not only improves the steering anti-jamming capability, ensures that the steering gear in the normal operation of complex electromagnetic environment, but also greatly reduces the UAV onboard computer control interfaces, improves flexibility and reliability.
Absence of TRIF Signaling in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Murine Mast Cells
Authors: Keck Simone , Müller Ines , Fejer György , Savic Iva , Tchaptchet Sandrine , Nielsen Peter J. , Galanos Chris , Huber Michael , Freudenberg Marina A.
Published: March 2011

In macrophages, two signaling pathways, dependent on MyD88 or TIR domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β (TRIF) signaling, emanate from the LPS receptor TLR4/MD-2. In this study, we show that in murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs), only the MyD88-dependent pathway is activated by LPS. The TRIF signaling branch leading both to NF-κB activation and enhanced proinflammatory cytokine production, as well as to IRF3 activation and subsequent IFN-β production, is absent in LPS-stimulated BMMCs. IRF3 activation is also absent in peritoneal mast cells from LPS-injected mice. We observed strongly diminished TRAM expression in BMMCs, but overexpression of TRAM only moderately enhanced IL-6 and did not boost IFN-β responses to LPS in these cells. A combination of very low levels of TRAM and TLR4/MD-2 with the known absence of membrane-bound CD14 are expected to contribute to the defective TRIF signaling in mast cells. We also show that, unlike in macrophages, in BMMCs the TRIF-dependent and -independent IFN-αβ responses to other recognized IFN inducers (dsRNA, adenovirus, and B-DNA) are absent. These results show how the response to the same microbial ligand using the same receptor can be regulated in different cell types of the innate immune system.
Testosterone Replacement Effectively Inhibits the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Orchitis in Rats: Evidence for a Direct Role of Testosterone on Regulatory T Cell Expansion
Authors: Fijak Monika , Schneider Eva , Klug Jörg , Bhushan Sudhanshu , Hackstein Holger , Schuler Gerhard , Wygrecka Malgorzata , Gromoll Jörg , Meinhardt Andreas
Published: March 2011

Despite the immune-privileged status of the male genital tract, infection and inflammation of the male genital tract are important etiological factors in male infertility. A common observation in clinical and experimental orchitis as well as in systemic infection and inflammation are decreased levels of testosterone. Emerging data point to an immunosuppressive role of testosterone. In our study, we substituted testosterone levels in experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) in rat by s.c. testosterone implants. EAO development was reduced to 17% when animals were treated with low-dose testosterone implants (3 cm long, EAO+T3) and to 33% when rats were supplied with high-dose testosterone implants (24 cm, EAO+T24) compared with 80% of animals developing disease in the EAO control group. In the testis, testosterone replacement in EAO animals prevented the accumulation of macrophages and significantly reduced the number of CD4+ T cells with a strong concomitant increase in the number of regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) compared with EAO control. In vitro testosterone treatment of naive T cells led to an expansion of the regulatory T cell subset with suppressive activity and ameliorated MCP-1–stimulated chemotaxis of T lymphocytes in a Transwell assay. Moreover, expression of proinflammatory mediators such as MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the testis and secretion of Th1 cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-2 by mononuclear cells isolated from testicular draining lymph nodes were decreased in the EAO+T3 and EAO+T24 groups. Thus, our study shows an immunomodulatory and protective effect of testosterone substitution in the pathogenesis of EAO and suggests androgens as a new factor in the differentiation of regulatory T cells.
The Therapeutic Potential of the Humoral Pattern Recognition Molecule PTX3 in Chronic Lung Infection Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Moalli Federica , Paroni Moira , Véliz Rodriguez Tania , Riva Federica , Polentarutti Nadia , Bottazzi Barbara , Valentino Sonia , Mantero Stefano , Nebuloni Manuela , Mantovani Alberto , Bragonzi Alessandra , Garlanda Cecilia
Published: March 2011

Chronic lung infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Although there is no clear evidence for a primary defect in the immune system of CF patients, the host is generally unable to clear P. aeruginosa from the airways. PTX3 is a soluble pattern recognition receptor that plays nonredundant roles in the innate immune response to fungi, bacteria, and viruses. In particular, PTX3 deficiency is associated with increased susceptibility to P. aeruginosa lung infection. To address the potential therapeutic effect of PTX3 in P. aeruginosa lung infection, we established persistent and progressive infections in mice with the RP73 clinical strain RP73 isolated from a CF patient and treated them with recombinant human PTX3. The results indicated that PTX3 has a potential therapeutic effect in P. aeruginosa chronic lung infection by reducing lung colonization, proinflammatory cytokine levels (CXCL1, CXCL2, CCL2, and IL-1β), and leukocyte recruitment in the airways. In models of acute infections and in in vitro assays, the prophagocytic effect of PTX3 was maintained in C1q-deficient mice and was lost in C3- and Fc common γ-chain–deficient mice, suggesting that facilitated recognition and phagocytosis of pathogens through the interplay between complement and FcγRs are involved in the therapeutic effect mediated by PTX3. These data suggested that PTX3 is a potential therapeutic tool in chronic P. aeruginosa lung infections, such as those seen in CF patients.
MHC Class II Engagement by Its Ligand LAG-3 (CD223) Contributes to Melanoma Resistance to Apoptosis
Authors: Hemon Patrice , Jean-Louis Francette , Ramgolam Kiran , Brignone Chrystelle , Viguier Manuelle , Bachelez Hervé , Triebel Frédéric , Charron Dominique , Aoudjit Fawzi , Al-Daccak Reem , Michel Laurence
Published: March 2011

Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer in humans that often expresses MHC class II (MHC II) molecules, which could make these tumors eliminable by the immune system. However, this MHC II expression has been associated with poor prognosis, and there is a lack of immune-mediated eradication. The lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is a natural ligand for MHC II that is substantially expressed on melanoma-infiltrating T cells including those endowed with potent immune-suppressive activity. Based on our previous data showing the signaling capacity of MHC II in melanoma cells, we hypothesized that LAG-3 could contribute to melanoma survival through its MHC II signaling capacity in melanoma cells. In this study, we demonstrate that both soluble LAG-3 and LAG-3–transfected cells can protect MHC II-positive melanoma cells, but not MHC II-negative cells, from FAS-mediated and drug-induced apoptosis. Interaction of LAG-3 with MHC II expressed on melanoma cells upregulates both MAPK/Erk and PI3K/Akt pathways, albeit with different kinetics. Inhibition studies using specific inhibitors of both pathways provided evidence of their involvement in the LAG-3–induced protection from apoptosis. Altogether, our data suggest that the LAG-3–MHC II interaction could be viewed as a bidirectional immune escape pathway in melanoma, with direct consequences shared by both melanoma and immune cells. In the future, compounds that efficiently hinder LAG-3–MHC II interaction might be used as an adjuvant to current therapy for MHC II-positive melanoma.
Host Defense Peptide LL-37 Selectively Reduces Proinflammatory Macrophage Responses
Authors: Brown Kelly L. , Poon Grace F. T. , Birkenhead Darlene , Pena Olga M. , Falsafi Reza , Dahlgren Claes , Karlsson Anna , Bylund Johan , Hancock Robert E. W. , Johnson Pauline
Published: March 2011

The human cathelicidin peptide, LL-37, is a host defense peptide with a wide range of immunomodulatory activities and modest direct antimicrobial properties. LL-37 can exert both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects and can modulate the proinflammatory responses of human peripheral blood monocytes and epithelial cells. In this study, we evaluated the effect of LL-37 on mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and tissue macrophages in vitro and in vivo. LL-37 dramatically reduced TNF-α and NO levels produced by LPS and IFN-γ–polarized M1-BMDM and slightly reduced reactive oxygen species production by these cells. LL-37 did not affect the ability of IL-4–polarized M2-BMDM to upregulate arginase activity, although it did inhibit LPS-induced TNF-α secretion in these cells. LL-37 did not compromise the ability of M1-polarized BMDM to phagocytose and kill bacteria and did not affect the uptake of apoptotic neutrophils by M2-polarized BMDM. However, LL-37-treated M1-BMDM were more efficient at suppressing tumor growth in vitro. LL-37 significantly reduced LPS-induced TNF-α secretion in ex vivo alveolar macrophages, whereas its effect on peritoneal macrophages was much less dramatic. Effective inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-α secretion by alveolar macrophages also occurred in vivo when LL-37 was administered by intratracheal injection. This demonstrates a selective ability of LL-37 to decrease M1-BMDM, M2-BMDM, and tissue macrophage production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in response to LPS while leaving other crucial anti-inflammatory M1 and M2 macrophage functions unaltered.