bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Collaboration and System Transparency on CIVE Usage: An Empirical Study and Model
Authors: Mark Gloria , Kobsa Alfred
Published: May 2005

We present an empirical study in which we investigated group versus individual performance with collaborative information-visualization environments (CIVEs), the effects of system transparency on users' performance, and the effects of different collaborative settings on CIVE usage. Subjects searched for findings with CIVEs, working either alone, in a collocated dyad using a shared electronic whiteboard, or in a remote dyad using application sharing. Groups answered more questions correctly and took less time with the more transparent CIVE than groups using the less transparent CIVE. We interpret our results to mean that groups have better self-corrective abilities when the system is transparent. We present a stage model to explain the collaborative process of using CIVEs, which accounts for task type, collaborative setting, and system transparency.
mCVEs: Using Cross-Scale Collaboration to Support User Interaction with Multiscale Structures
Authors: Zhang Xiaolong , Furnas George W.
Published: May 2005

In this paper, a new type of interaction environment, the multiscale collaborative virtual environment (mCVE), is proposed to support multiple users working together at different scale levels. This paper introduces the concept of multiscale collaboration in the context of 3D virtual environments and describes the benefits of multiscale collaboration for understanding and managing large structures that present important features at different scale levels. After a discussion on the design and implementation of multiscale tools to support the visualization of structures, cross-scale information sharing, and cross-scale action, the paper presents an experimental study showing that cross-scale collaboration can improve user performance.
Aristotle on the Best Good: Is Nicomachean Ethics 1094a18-22 Fallacious?
Authors: Vranas Peter
Published: May 2005

The first sentence of NE I.2 has roughly the form: "If A [there is a universal end] and B (because, if not-B, then C), then D [this end will be the best good]". According to some commentators, Aristotle uses B to infer A; but then the sentence is fallacious. According to other commentators, Aristotle does not use B (until later on); but then the sentence is bizarre. Contrary to both sets of commentators (but following Wedin 1981), I suggest that Aristotle uses B together with A to infer validly that there is a non-instrumental – and thus unique – universal end (hence D). On this interpretation the above two problems disappear, but a subtler problem emerges: not-B does not entail C.
Variable Structure in DEVS Component-Based Modeling and Simulation
Authors: Hu Xiaolin , Hu Xiaolin , Zeigler Bernard P. , Mittal Saurabh
Published: May 2005

Variable structure refers to the ability of a system to dynamically change its structure according to different situations. It provides component-based modeling and simulation environments with powerful modeling capability and the flexibility to design and analyze complex systems. In this article, the authors discuss variable structure—specifically, the structure change and interface change capability—in DEVS-based modeling and simulation environments. The operations of structure change and interface change are discussed, and their respective operation boundaries are defined. Three examples are given to illustrate the role of variable structure and how it can be used to model and design adaptive complex systems. Principles for the implementation of variable structure are also presented and illustrated in the DEVSJAVA modeling and simulation environment.
Specification of Discrete Event Models for Fire Spreading
Authors: Muzy Alexandre , Innocenti Eric , Aiello Antoine , Santucci Jean-François , Wainer Gabriel
Published: May 2005

The fire-spreading phenomenon is highly complex, and existing mathematical models of fire are so complex themselves that any possibility of analytical solution is precluded. Instead, there has been some success when studying fire spread by means of simulation. However, precise and reliable mathematical models are still under development. They require extensive computing resources, being adequate to run in batch mode but making it difficult to meet real-time deadlines. As fire scientists need to learn about the problem domain through experimentation, simulation software needs to be easily modified. The authors used different discrete event modeling techniques to deal with these problems. They have qualitatively compared the Discrete Event System Specification (DEVS) and Cell-DEVS simulation results against controlled laboratory experiments, which allowed them to validate both simulation models of fire spread. They were able to show how these techniques can improve the definition of fire models.
Tous égaux devant Dieu? Reflexions sur les logiques d’ éligibilité des miraculés
Authors: AMIOTTE-SUCHET Laurent
Published: May 2005

English

Pentecostalism placed miracles at the centre of its theology as a key element of its evangelization activities. Catholicism, on the other hand, has always tried to control all declarations of divine demonstrations. Miraculous appearances and recoveries have been more and more systematically subjected to slow and rigorous procedures of verification. The Pentecostals see God as an external force which manifests itself on earth to drive out the evil which invades it. All believers have the right to be free from evil, and nobody should have to accept pain meekly. But the Catholic pilgrims we studied do not share these Pentecostal convictions. God acts from inside, not by delivering them but by supporting them in their daily tests. Physical recovery is rare and not very sought after so it takes second place to spiritual recovery which is accessible to everyone. It seems to us that these two types of representation place believers in very divergent frames of mind giving rise, in one group or the other, to hopes that correspond to the group’s capacity to produce miracles.

French

Le pentecôtisme a fait du miracle le coeur de sa théologie et l'élément central de ses activités d'évangélisation. Le catholicisme, par contre, a toujours voulu contrôler l'ensemble des déclarations de manifestations divines. Apparitions et guérisons miraculeuses ont donc systématiquement, et de plus en plus, été soumises à de lentes et rigoureuses procédures d'authentification. Les pentecôtistes voient Dieu comme un être extérieur qui surgit sur la terre pour chasser le mal qui l'envahit. Tous les convertis ont donc droit à la libération et personne ne doit accepter sagement la souffrance. Or, les pèlerins catholiques que nous avons étudiés ne partagent pas ces convictions pentecôtistes. Dieu agit de l'intérieur, non pas en les délivrant, mais en les soutenant dans leurs épreuves quotidiennes. Rare et peu recherchée, la guérison physique cède la place à la guérison spirituelle, accessible à tous. Il nous semble que ces deux types de représentations placent les fidèles dans des dispositions d'esprit très divergentes suscitant, dans un cas ou dans l'autre, des espoirs adaptés à la capacité du groupe à produire des miracles.
Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Alkamides From the Roots of Echinacea angustifolia in Humans
Authors: Woelkart Karin , Koidl Christoph , Grisold Andrea , Gangemi J. David , Turner Ronald B. , Marth Egon , Bauer Rudolf
Published: May 2005

Alkamides are suspected to contribute to the activity of Echinacea preparations. They are mainly derived from undeca‐ and dodecanoic acid and differ in the degree of unsaturation and the configuration of the double bonds. In total, 6 alkamides have been isolated from the roots of Echinacea angustifolia as major lipophilic constituents and have been investigated regarding their pharmacokinetics. A sensitive and specific method has been developed for the identification and quantification of these alkamides in human plasma using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization ion‐trap mass spectrometry. The method was applied to analyze plasma samples obtained from a randomized, open, single‐dose, crossover study after oral administration of a 60% ethanolic extract from the roots of E. angustifolia to 11 healthy subjects. The maximum concentration of dodeca‐2E,4E,8Z,10E/Z‐tetraenoic acid isobutylamides, the main alkamides in the roots of E. angustifolia, appeared already after 30 minutes and was 10.88 ng/mL for the 2.5‐mL dose.
Luke-Acts and the Imperial Cult: A Way Through the Conundrum?
Authors: Rowe C. Kavin
Published: May 2005

This article points out the serious difficulties inherent in trying to relate Luke-Acts to the imperial cult. Having acknowledged such difficulties, the attempt is made nonetheless to relate concretely Luke-Acts to the cult on the basis of the significance of Acts 10.36 for Luke-Acts as a whole and its potential impact upon auditors in the ancient Mediterranean world. The implications of this impact are then addressed and a material connection to other early Christian evidence is tentatively suggested.
The haptic test battery: A new instrument to test tactual abilities in blind and visually impaired and sighted children
Authors: Ballesteros Soledad , Bardisa Dolores , Millar Susanna , Reales Jose M.
Published: May 2005

A new psychological test battery was designed to provide a much-needed comprehensive tool for assessing the perceptual and cognitive abilities of visually handicapped children in using active touch. The test materials consist of raised-line, raised-dot, raised-surface shapes and displays, and familiar and novel 3-D objects. The research used 20 sub-tests, ranging from tactual discrimination, systematic scanning and shape coding to short-term and longer-term memory tasks. The research sample consisted of 119 participants. Fifty-nine were blind and visually impaired schoolchildren, aged from 3 to 16 years (the total visually handicapped population of the region), and 60 sighted school children, matched to them on age, gender and social class, living in the Madrid region (capital and province). The dual aim here is to report the reliability, validity and relation to age and visual status of the sub-tests, and to use the data to refine and shorten the test battery further for more general use.
Valuing business information services
Authors: James Sylvia
Published: May 2005

In the first part, ‘Valuing business information services: Calculating base costs, premia and discounts to demonstrate the benefits they offer’ (James, 2004), a model was described that can be successfully used to value a business information department, using the concepts, theories, rules of thumb and current methods of business valuation to value an information service as a discrete unit. That article was designed to be a stand-alone description of the valuation process. This article looks more closely at the wide range of concepts and strategic thinking needed to design the types of premia and discounts that might be employed in the valuation model and discusses how they may be employed in the business information service (BIS) model. It also indicates how well prepared a BIS manager needs to be before attempting to undertake this type of valuation. To complete the valuation, and particularly to prepare an impressive selection of premia, they need to be fully aware of a wide range of both business and management and library and information services literature as well as being completely up to date with the attitudes and needs of all their users.
International marketing information
Authors: Crick Dave
Published: May 2005

Studies have shown that lack of information can provide an obstacle in firms’ endeavour to be competitive in overseas markets [1]. This study provides empirical data that examines how managers of internationalizing UK firms perceive the usefulness of overseas market information sources, their level of utilization, plus perceptions of the types of data required. Findings are primarily based on a postal survey of 446 firms. Also reported are selected findings from 20 in-depth interviews. Results establish that a high percentage of firms actively utilize internal staff, agents, social contacts and the Internet in comparison with other data sources in finding various types of information. Furthermore, the interviews found that firms’ own websites provide reference points for other businesses and this has resulted in many enquiries and orders for a relatively large percentage of firms.
Scientific Culture in the ‘Other’ Theater of ‘Modern Science’
Authors: Prasad Amit
Published: May 2005

Debate over ‘scientific culture’ is often over-determined by universalistic and Eurocentric constructions of ‘modern science’. In this paper I have attempted to ground this debate through an analysis of the culture of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research in India. My analysis is based upon observations of and interviews with scientists working in the MRI and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) laboratories and government officials who regulate techno-scientific research in India. I argue that even though some common characteristics of scientific practices in India are discernible, we cannot attribute them to ahistorical cognitive or social aspects of the Indian society. We also cannot argue that such practices exist because of the absence of a ‘scientific community’, whose members share ‘scientific values’. I draw on empirical studies of scientific knowledge and practice, as well as postcolonial studies, to show how particular practices with MRI and NMR in India, which have to do with scientific collaboration and patenting, make perfect sense if they are seen in relation to global and national networks of power and administration. I argue that scientific cultures are dialectically related to networks of regulatory and laboratory practices, and that they change as the networks change, as we are beginning to witness in India.
Constructing ‘Race’ Across the Science-Lay Divide
Authors: Shim Janet K.
Published: May 2005

Social disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) have increasingly engaged the concern of the biomedical, epidemiological, and public health communities. In this context, cardiovascular epidemiology has emerged as an essential tool for understanding the determinants, risk factors, and distribution of CVD across populations. Race, ethnicity, culture, and related differences are studied for their effects on cardiovascular risk and are being constructed in heterogeneous ways as scientifically legitimate contributors to CVD risk. This paper presents findings from a qualitative, sociological study that compares epidemiological and lay conceptions of the meanings of ‘race’ and their accounts of the mechanisms through which racial differences in cardiovascular disease are produced. In particular, I analyze current conventions for classifying race in epidemiology, and identify multiple ways in which the lived experiences of race undermine the validity of scientific measurement. I describe a science-lay divide between the two accounts of cardiovascular risk, in which epidemiologists principally understand race as cultural difference, whereas lay people living with CVD tend to construct race in structural terms. I identify various aspects of these two kinds of constructions and offer reasons for their prominence. Finally, I discuss some of the implications of such disparate conceptions of the relationships between race and health, and important issues around lay knowledge and expertise that remain problematic for science studies scholarship.
Safe Science
Authors: Sims Benjamin
Published: May 2005

Scientific laboratories can sometimes be dangerous places to work, and safety concerns can have a significant impact on the scientific research process. Because safety practices specify both behavioral norms and technical standards, they provide an opportunity to better understand the relationships between the organizational and epistemic aspects of scientific culture. This paper presents a case study of a ‘pulsed-power’ facility at the US Los Alamos National Laboratory, where electrical hazards are a major concern. Drawing on work by Mary Douglas and others, I show how safety in the pulsed-power laboratory can be understood in terms of concepts of order and pollution. In particular, I argue that the laboratory is a cultural setting that generates both material and social order in science. The concept of ‘traceability’ - the ideal of being able to trace visual and logical connections between system components - is the central metaphor for material order in this setting. This metaphor is enacted in the design of pulsed-power systems and through various safety procedures that function as rituals. These rituals, and the concept of traceability itself, also contribute to social order by helping to shape norms of conduct in the laboratory, which in turn structure relationships between the laboratory work group and the larger institution.
Social sciences in Brazil in perspective: foundation, consolidation and diversification
Authors: Trindade Hélgio
Published: May 2005

The article analyzes the development of social sciences in Brazil from a historical-sociological standpoint as seen through the construction of three disciplines: sociology, anthropology and political science. Beginning with the political and cultural context and the pre-sociology “essayism” phase, the author outlines the initial foundation and institutionalization of the social sciences (1934-64), which started with the foundation of the University of São Paulo and ended with the military coup d’état in 1964. He then goes on to analyze the crisis of the “Populist Republic” and the impact of the ideological radicalization on the social sciences, with an emphasis on the paradox of their simultaneous professionalization and consolidation through research and teaching under the military dictatorship (1965-83). Finally, the author turns to the democratic transition that ended in the “New Republic” (1984-2003), stressing the nationalization of the social sciences and the parallel diversification and split between teaching and research. The analysis of the three historical periods addresses the dynamics of the social sciences and their relationship with the central and the federal states, the hierarchy of disciplines, the dominant topics and international exchange. In conclusion, the author raises the question that is fundamental for the future, that of the crisis of national and international funding for the social sciences.
Social sciences and society in Chile: institutionalization, breakdown and rebirth
Authors: Garretón Manuel Antonio
Published: May 2005

Social sciences emerged in Chile during the mid-1950s in a context of social transformations that marked their foundation and consolidation as scientific disciplines. This article deals with the general background of the installation of these disciplines, particularly sociology, their later consolidation and the subsequent process of dismantling and re-composition, from the point of view of their institutionalization and internationalization. Like all research, this is a partial perspective, nurtured with the views of the generation that followed the foundational phase, which has its conceptual bases in what we have called the “social sciences development model” or project, and the contributions of a series of other authors. In the Chilean case, several authors agree on the identification of three periods in the development of social sciences, viewed as institutional milestones, even though we consider sub-periods within each one. A first period of creation, institutionalization and professionalization goes from the mid-1950s until 1973. A second period coincides with the military dictatorship (1973-89), during which the majority of social sciences had to abandon their home in universities. Such a loss was compensated by the creation of a variety of independent academic centers, which permitted a development of these disciplines associated with a growing process of thematic specialization. The third phase corresponds to the return of a democratic regime (1990-2003), a period in which social sciences again situated themselves preferably in universities, occasioning a new expansion of professional training programs and institutions. The article traces these phases in view of going beyond a history of the disciplines to develop an analytical perspective that accounts for the characteristics of the context, the institutional dimensions, the thematic contents and their role in society.
Leaching behaviour of elements and evaluation of pre-treatment methods for municipal solid waste incinerator residues in column leaching tests
Authors: Kim Sang-Yul , Tanaka Nobutoshi , Matsuto Toshihiko , Tojo Yasumasa
Published: May 2005

Two new pre-treatment methods (water-washing/carbonation and carbonation/phosphate stabilization) of municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator residues were evaluated by column leaching tests under aerobic conditions and anaerobic conditions (which were changed to aerobic conditions after 10 months). A mixture of bottom ash and fly ash (5: 1 ratio) was pre-treated using each method. Shredded incombustible residues (SIR) were added to each ash preparation in proportions similar to the ratios present in landfills. For comparison, landfill wastes typical of Japan, namely, a mixture of bottom ash, chelating-pre-treated fly ash, and SIR, were also examined. Leachate samples were collected periodically and analysed over a 15-month period. When compared with chelating pre-treatment, both water-washing/carbonation and carbonation/phosphate stabilization reduced the leaching of Pb, Al, and Cu by about one to two orders of magnitude. Moreover, the initial concentrations of Ca and Pb in leachates from column of water-washing/carbonation were 56-57% and 84-96% less than those from the column of carbonation/phosphate stabilization. Therefore, water-washing/carbonation was considered to be a promising approach to obtain early waste stabilization and to reduce the release of heavy metals to near-negligible levels. The leaching behaviour of elements was also discussed.
‘Consuming Children’
Authors: Huberman Jenny
Published: May 2005

What makes ‘corrupt’ children such efficacious or nodal symbols? How and why is it that certain groups of children take on this signifying function? How do narratives about corrupt children provide people with a way of mediating and articulating more general anxieties about social change or rupture? This article begins to explore these questions by analyzing how people in the city of Banaras, India talked about the corruption and consumption of the lower caste and lower class boys who worked in the informal sector of the foreign tourism industry. Through the invocation of two culturally paradigmatic ‘useless’ figures, the loafer (awaaraa) and the addict (nasheybaaz), people in Banaras not only critiqued these youngsters’ consumptive practices and their new found purchasing power in the bazaar, but they also articulated larger fears about the way that foreign tourism was ‘consuming’ these children.
The Jinn and the Computer
Authors: Peterson Mark Allen
Published: May 2005

One of the fundamental problems facing middle-class Egyptian parents is the problem of how to ensure that their children are simultaneously modern and Egyptian. Arabic children’s magazines offer a window into the processes by which consumption links childhood and modernity in the social imaginations of children and their parents as they construct social futures. Arabic children’s magazines offer Egyptian children and their families models of the modern Arab child as someone who is familiar with the history of Islamic heroes, is computer-literate and knowledgeable about technology, and is familiar with worldwide popular children’s fads. Above all, these magazines construct children as consumers. Buying the magazine offers, through both advertising and articles, a world of other things to imagine buying, from technological gadgets to trips to theme parks. Through such media, Egyptian children may enter into an imagined community of other children like themselves playing and consuming, both elsewhere in the Middle East and in the wider worlds of America, Europe and Japan. In the process, children develop tools for generating hybrid identities as simultaneously Muslim and modern, Arab and cosmopolitan, child and consumer.
Branding and Bricolage
Authors: Russell Rachel , Tyler Melissa
Published: May 2005

The analysis presented here focuses on the relationship between femininity, transition and consumer culture. It explores the relationship between gender and consumer culture in the context of a discussion of the transition from childhood to teenage status for a group of young girls, and seeks to make a critical contribution to contemporary debates on childhood and consumer culture by reflecting on the commercial context of this transition. In doing so, the concepts of ‘bricolage’ and ‘branding’ are considered in relation to the transitional experience of gendered consumer culture. Developing a sociological reading of Winnicott’s account of transitional objects and potential spaces, and developing Cook’s analysis of children’s consumer culture as being located in aspirational and proprietary spaces, the discussion highlights particularly the significance of transitional objects, practices and spaces in its analysis of empirical material, which incorporates both verbal and visual aspects of the lived experience of gender, consumer culture and transition into its methodology.
Research Note
Authors: Langer Beryl
Published: May 2005

This article locates George Herbert Mead’s account of self-formation in the context of global consumer capitalism, in which the ‘generalized other’ is constructed as a desiring consumer. It argues for a sociology of consumer childhood that, via Mead, takes children’s agency as a given and explores the implications of their interaction with the symbolic resources made available by global consumer culture as mediated by the material conditions and structures of meaning encountered in everyday life. It considers the relevance of Durkheim’s argument on anomie to understanding the social and experiential implications of children’s mobilization as consumers in a market that depends on continuous expansion, and poses the question of the point at which this mobilization undermines civic possibility. It argues that the study of consumer childhood is necessarily linked to questions about the kind of society that creates and is created by the cultural constitution of children as consuming selves.
Metaphor, idiom and ideology: the search for ‘no smoking guns’ across time
Authors: Billig Michael , MacMillan Katie
Published: May 2005

This article examines the idiom ‘smoking gun’ which has been much used in the controversy about the search for weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. It is necessary to take a historical approach to understanding how metaphors might enter the political lexicon and how their usage and meaning might change over time. The passage from metaphor to idiom is often characterized in terms of a movement from ‘living’ metaphor to ‘dead’ metaphor. To understand how such a passage occurs, the current investigation draws upon Glucksberg’s ‘property attribution’ model of metaphor and contrasts it with Lakoff’s notable theory of metaphors. The ‘smoking gun’ idiom is traced to the Watergate controversy and its pragmatic uses in the political rhetoric of accusation are examined. It is suggested that there is nothing automatic in the use of such a phrase, as the rhetoric of blame can be countered by attempts to return the idiom from literal to metaphorical meaning. The ideological effects of the idiom ‘smoking gun’ are discussed and so, more generally, is the passage from metaphor to idiom in political discourse.
Preempting the future: rhetoric and ideology of the future in political discourse
Authors: Dunmire Patricia L.
Published: May 2005

This article posits that an important ideological component of political discourse derives from its representation of the future and the rhetorical functions those representations serve in implicating more immediate material and discursive actions. Working within a systemic-functional framework, this study demonstrates how representations of the future are embedded in and projected through political discourse and how the ‘public’ is implicated in those representations. I focus on President Bush’s speech on 7 October 2002, which presents his rationale for war against Iraq to a lay, public audience. The analysis shows that the nominalization ‘threat’ functions in multiple ways to construe a particular vision of future reality. Systematic contrasts in modality serve to privilege this future reality over alternative visions and, simultaneously, to implicate the public in the Administration’s vision. I also consider the speech within the context of the Bush Administration’s National Security Strategy, particularly its ‘policy of preemption’. I argue that the President’s speech plays a significant role in facilitating the conceptual, linguistic, and political change articulated through the preemption policy.
‘I’ve got a paper-shuffler for a husband’: indexing sexuality on talk-back radio
Authors: Rendle-Short Johanna
Published: May 2005

Indicating one’s sexuality is performed regularly and easily within everyday interaction, or more specifically, on talk-back radio to thousands of Radio National listeners across Australia. Such information is not simply gleaned indirectly via contextual references; rather it is referentially or directly indexed through other-person reference to wives, husbands or partners. Analysis of 20 talk-back radio programmes shows that callers index their sexuality even when sexuality is not the topic of conversation. Of 249 callers to Radio National, 34 referred to husbands, wives and partners, with 28 of these callers indicating that they were apparently in a heterosexual relationship. The following article initially analyses the way in which callers index their heterosexuality. This is then contrasted with the way in which nonheterosexuality is indexed on talk-back radio. By so doing, it demonstrates the way in which participants, callers and hosts orient to normative heterosexuality within everyday talk.
‘Charism’ and ‘Spirit-Baptism’: Presentation of an Analysis
Authors: Baumert Norbert
Published: May 2005

This article summarizes the results of a previously published two-volume investigation on the biblical meaning and the historical development of these two fundamental concepts, including a further discussion on contributions to this subject which have appeared in this journal (see below section 4). In contradistinction to K. McDonnell a different catholic position is given here: The term ‘Spirit-baptism’ as used within the Pentecostal-charismatic movement means neither the sacramental grace of initiation nor the setting-free of it, but is a term on the experiential level denoting a special kind of infilling with the Holy Spirit in our time. It is not ‘normative’, but— although very widespread—something that the Holy Spirit ‘distributes as he wills’. Thus, the early Pentecostal two-stage model is far more appropriate than the sacramentalistic interpretation. In that sense Spirit-baptism— normally with the gift of tongues—is a special grace of God.
Pentecostal/Charismatic Themes in Luke–acts at the Evangelical Theological Society: the Battle of Interpretivemethod
Authors: Elbert Paul
Published: May 2005

Through interactive dialogue with Evangelical scholars and through an assessment of their interpretive methods, one may identify an ‘apostolic age’ hermeneutic which intrinsically imposes questionable assumptions upon Luke’s two-volume work and upon Paul. The result may be termed Lukan and Pauline cessationism. For Luke, narrative disconnectedness replaces narrative-rhetorical cohesion. His examples and precedents of reception of the gift of the Holy Spirit by disciple-believer-witnesses either undergo mass extinction or reinterpretation, reinterpretation which serves the traditional presupposition of an ‘apostolic age’ instead of the narrative sequencing and personification of Lukan characters. Luke’s fulfilment of prophecy theme is totally ignored. For Paul, similar discursive description of pneumatological experience which Paul assumes is understandable to his selected addressees—language perhaps being urgently and pastorally clari- fied by Luke’s conventional use of examples and precedents—is disconnected from the common oral and cognitive environment shared within the Jerusalem/Petrine Christianity portrayed by Luke. Via discussion, reflection, and testimony perhaps the coherency and validity of traditional ‘apostolic age’ hermeneutics might be explored on the battlefield of biblical interpretation.
The Rise and Demise of Women’sministry in the Origins and Early Years of Pentecostalism in Britain
Authors: Chapman Diana
Published: May 2005

Early Pentecostalism was a revival movement whose ‘charismatic moment’ in Britain was between 1907 and 1914. During this period women pioneered in ministry, led churches and were popular speakers at conventions. They were often the first to receive the Baptism of the Holy Spirit. Prior to this date the ministry and teaching of key women had helped shape Pentecostal theology and many offered a firm biblical basis for their own ministry as women. However, it seems that the early Pentecostal women ministered on the basis of their ‘call’, ‘gifting’ and ‘anointing’ with no clear theological foundation in regard to their authority, which was called into question at a debate entitled, ‘A Woman’s Place in the Church’ in 1914. Instead of a positive evaluation of their contribution, many comments were recorded suggesting women’s ministry needs to be limited. As well as looking at the contribution of women to the origins and early years of Pentecostalism in Britain, I will examine the influences which surrounded this debate and seek to draw some conclusions which have relevance for today.
Representing and Aggregating Engineering Quantities with Preference Structure for Set-based Concurrent Engineering
Authors: Nahm Yoon-Eui , Ishikawa Haruo
Published: May 2005

The early phase of design intrinsically contains multiple sources of uncertainties in describing the design, and nevertheless the decision-making process at this phase exerts a critical effect upon drawing a successful design. Recently, set-based concurrent engineering (SBCE) has been attracting public attention as an emerging CE paradigm. Representing and communicating set-valued information are useful in handling engineering uncertainties and efficient for the collaboration between designers in the CE environment. Even if we can readily know that SBCE is efficient and powerful enough for large-scale design and management, the existing literature does not give the details of methods to achieve SBCE principles. We have developed a computer-based framework, called ‘preference set-based design’ (PSD), for implementing SBCE principles, which consists of set representation, propagation, modification, narrowing, and aggregation methods. This article focuses on the set representation and aggregation methods that play an important role in the CE environment. This article proposes new engineering quantities that can capture the designer’s preference structure on both the continuous and the discrete sets. A new aggregation method is presented to aggregate the proposed engineering quantities. A comparative analysis with the existing representation and aggregation techniques is also provided.
Web-based Collaborative Engineering Support System: Applications in Mechanical Design and Structural Analysis
Authors: Eynard Benoît , Liénard Sébastien , Charles Sébastien , Odinot Aurélien
Published: May 2005

The diversity in software used to support collaborative design and concurrent engineering requires the implementation of new technologies in order to ensure the integration between the various activities of the product development process. Most of the time, companies can not afford to spend the time and the funds required to enhance their IT and software resources. This is often the case of small and medium companies. Nowadays, in mechanical design, the needs for product data sharing between Computer Aided Design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA) activities have been fairly increased even for small companies. This article aims at presenting Teamproject software, an asynchronous Web Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) oriented toward the sharing and viewing of 3D data (CAD and FEA) based on Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML). Regarding the collaborative design and concurrent engineering approaches, this software increases the information access and its availability to expert and non-expert users in a remote mode.

The article deals with the benefits proposed by the use of Web technologies in mechanical design and structural analysis fields. It details the software architecture of Teamproject. One of the added values offered by the new version of the Web CSCW is the translation of CAD and FEA data into VRML format. It extends the 3D product data review to all the team members involved in a project. Indeed, the reading of the Java3D can be ensured by the most used web navigator (like Internet Explorer and Netscape) with the aid of a free plug-in. To summarize, the proposed Web CSCW provides a simple and efficient access to mechanical design and structural analysis data in a real collaborative engineering approach.
Helping Children Cope in an Increasingly Threatening World: Four Cornerstones of Emotional Well-Being
Authors: Lew Amy
Published: May 2005

We are living in a very distressing time. Each day, the news is filled with disturbing accounts of war, bioterrorism, questionable accidents, threats, and scares. Adults and children alike feel threatened in their everyday lives. Although many counselors are familiar with ways to help families cope with crisis, loss, and grief, little training has been focused on helping families cope with the stress related to amorphous threats. This article, which can be shared with parents, discusses some tools and guidelines that can be used to help parents help their children cope. Topics include how parents can talk with different aged children, how they can help children turn fear into resiliency, what the signs of distress are, and how to use family meetings to teach coping skill sand establisha forum for open communication.
A Pilot Study in Marital Group Therapy: Process and Outcome
Authors: Sells James N. , Giordano Francesca G. , King Leslie
Published: May 2005

A marital group intervention was developed to address communication, conflict, forgiveness, and reconciliation. This article reviews the history of marital group intervention and presents a description of an 8-week marital group intervention. Results indicated improvement in forgiveness skills, anger expression, and marital satisfaction at posttest, and atrophy of most gains at follow-up.
The Development and Implementation of an Affect Regulation and Attachment Intervention for Incarcerated Adolescents and their Parents
Authors: Keiley Margaret K.
Published: May 2005

The Conduct Disorder Intervention Group of a Marriage and Family Therapy Program of a large Midwestern university used the research and theory about affect regulation and attachment strategies of families to develop a low-cost multiple-family group intervention for incarcerated adolescents and their parents. In this article, the author reviews the research that underlies the intervention, describes the development of the videotapes used, discusses the intervention curriculum, and delineates the roadblocks and new avenues discovered as this intervention was conducted over the past 3 years.
Religion and Divorce: Implications and Strategies for Counseling
Authors: Murray Kathleen A.
Published: May 2005

The religious and spiritual concerns of clients and families experiencing divorce can be complicated and deep rooted. Many counselors are faced with the task of helping clients through divorce within a religious context, a context that is uncomfortable for many. This article suggests several strategies to increase awareness of religious and spiritual implications of divorce for clients, counselors, supervisors, and society as a whole.
Sibling Incest
Authors: Phillips-Green Mary J.
Published: May 2005

During the past 20 to 30 years, professionals have given increased attention to intrafamilial incest, primarily addressing father-daughter incest. More recently, sibling incest, a type of intrafamilial incest, has received notice from mental health professionals; how-ever, many professionals still do not recognize the seriousness of the problem. Some professionals have asserted that sibling incest is as common as, and possibly more common than, parental incest. The prevalence of sibling incest can only be estimated because sex between siblings as a phenomenon has been poorly researched. This article reviews current research on the individual and family dynamics that allow sibling incest to occur, the effects of sibling incest on victims, and current treatment protocols.
Creative Counseling Techniques for Family Therapists
Authors: Murray Patricia E. , Rotter Joseph C.
Published: May 2005

This article examines the effectiveness of using creative techniques in counseling. The article addresses issues such as what creative techniques are, why they are used, when to use them, and ideas about how to use them appropriately.
There’s No Place Like Home: Redefining Commitment
Authors: Baldo Tracy D. , Softas-Nall Basilia C.
Published: May 2005

This case presents a couple struggling with their definition of commitment. Their initial definition of commitment focused on what they were each giving up for the relationship and not on what each were receiving. Redefining commitment to create a more honoring definition changed the intimacy level in the relationship.
Training and Supervision Through the Written Word: A Description and Intern Feedback
Authors: Arthur Gary L. , Gfroerer Kelly P.
Published: May 2005

Interns support the use of transcription as a method for feedback during supervision. Thirty of 45 master’s level interns who experienced supervision with transcripts returned a transcription survey and indicated positive outcomes for this type of supervision. Positive characteristics included efficiency, concreteness (what was actually said), and ease in analyzing and constructing productive responses. The supervisor’s reinforcement (written) was provided as often as was necessary. Negative aspects of using transcriptions included anxiety associated with the visual reminder of the lack of developed skills, loss of nonverbal behaviors, and less personal interaction between the supervisor and intern.
The Application of Reality Therapy and Choice Theory in Relationship Counseling, An Interview with Robert Wubbolding
Authors: Christensen Teresa M. , Gray Neal D.
Published: May 2005

This article provides highlights from an interview with Dr. Robert Wubbolding, a leading expert in the area of reality therapy. Details concerning how Dr. Wubbolding applies and integrates reality therapy and choice theory in counseling with couples and families will be explored. In particular, this interview addressed theoretical constructs, specific techniques, and multicultural and diversity issues related to reality therapy and choice theory, in the context of relationship counseling. Specific implications are directed toward clinical practice, training, supervision, and research.
Wave Propagation in Microstructured Solids
Authors: Pastrone Franco
Published: May 2005

A general model of bodies with vectorial microstructures is introduced, which includes many particular models such as scalar and affine microstructures, Cosserat continua, and liquid crystals. Assuming the existence of a strain energy function, the field equations are obtained via a variational principle as Euler-Lagrange equations of an energetic functional. Dissipative forces are also introduced. Equilibrium and stability problems are briefly discussed. Within the framework of singular surfaces theory, nonlinear acceleration and shock waves are studied and proper propagation conditions for nondissipative materials are given. The influence of dissipation is briefly discussed.
Designing Zero-Copy Message Passing Interface Derived Datatype Communication Over Infiniband: Alternative Approaches and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Santhanaraman Gopalakrishnan , Wu Jiesheng , Huang Wei , Panda Dhabaleswar K.
Published: May 2005

In this paper, we present a new scheme, Send Gather Receive Scatter (SGRS), to perform zero-copy datatype communication over InfiniBand. This scheme leverages the gather/scatter feature provided by InfiniBand channel semantics. It takes advantage of the capability of processing non-contiguity on both send and receive sides in the Send Gather and Receive Scatter operations. We have implemented this new design and evaluated the performance for Message Passing Interface level point-to-point microbenchmarks and collectives, on PCI-X and upcoming high performance PCI-Express systems. In our previous work we had come up with an alternate zero-copy approach using multiple RDMA Writes (Multi-W). Compared to the existing Multi-W zero-copy datatype scheme, the SGRS scheme can overcome the drawbacks of low network utilization and high startup cost. On PCI-X platforms, our experimental results show significant improvement in both point-to-point and collective datatype communication. The latency of a vector datatype can be reduced by up to 62% and the bandwidth shows improvement up to 400% as compared with the Multi-W scheme. The Alltoall collective shows up to 23% reduction in latency. Further, the SGRS scheme shows low CPU overhead with a potential promise for better computation and communication overlap. The experimental results on PCI-Express platforms demonstrate the relevance of zero-copy protocols to overcome memory bandwidth limitations. The trends we observe in PCI-X platform are magnified on PCI-Express platforms with even higher improvement for the microbenchmarks and collectives.
Transaction costs influencing international hotel franchise agreements: The case of the Holiday Inn Seoul
Authors: Cho Minho
Published: May 2005

Although transaction cost analysis is important for both the franchisor and the franchisee, insight into a franchisee’s perspectives in relation to transaction costs has been lacking in the literature on franchise agreements. However, this perspective is becoming important in the hotel industry since, from the viewpoint of franchisees, the greatest issue of concern regarding franchise agreements is cost, specifically when they convert their independent local hotel and put it under the umbrella of an international hotel chain. This study introduces a framework for transaction costs such as transaction-specific assets, environmental uncertainty, and behavior uncertainty in the context of the hotel industry. In addition, by employing a sample hotel this study illustrates the evaluations of transaction costs resulting from in-depth interviews of the top executives of the hotel. It was found that the sample hotel experienced various transaction costs beyond the traditional direct costs. The framework of transaction costs introduced can help international hotel franchise companies to understand the characteristics of each type of transaction cost that potential franchisees consider important. In addition, the evaluations illustrated through a sample hotel in this study can also help international hotel franchise companies to benchmark franchise agreements.