bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of thermal processing on the reduction of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone cereal content
Authors: Pleadin Jelka , Babić Jurislav , Vulić Ana , Kudumija Nina , Aladić Krunoslav , Kiš Maja , Jaki Tkalec Vesna , Škrivanko Mario , Lolić Marica , Šubarić Drago
Published: June 2019

Fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) often
contaminate cereals and cereal by-products. Certain thermal processing
methods used in the food industry show promising results in terms of reduction
of cereal contamination with mycotoxins. In order to establish the degree of
DON and ZEN reduction in naturally contaminated cereals (maize, wheat and
oat), this study investigated the effects of cooking, roasting and extrusion
cooking, performed at different temperatures (100 – 220 °C) and for a different
length of time (10 – 30 min) on these mycotoxins concentrations. Before and
after the treatment, cereal samples were analysed for DON and ZEN
concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In
comparison to cooking, which achieved only a negligible mean mycotoxin
reduction (of up to 8% for DON and 11% for ZEN), roasting and extrusion
cooking resulted in a significantly more pronounced mycotoxin reduction (of
up to 40% for DON & 46% for ZEN and of up to 75% for DON & 80% for
ZEN, respectively) (p < 0.05). The results show similar effects of thermal
processing on all of the studied cereals (p > 0.05), suggesting that extrusion
cooking can be considered as an effective thermal method capable of reducing
mycotoxin content in cereals.
Chemical characterization and storage stability of extra virgin olive oil extracted from Derik Halhalı cultivar
Authors: Shendi Esmael Ghanbari , Özay Dilek Sivri , Özkaya Mücahit Taha , Üstünel Nim,eti Feyza
Published: June 2019

Turkish olive cultivar known as “Halhalı” that is locally grown in Mardin
(Derik) province, situated in the southeast Anatolia, was used for virgin olive
oil (VOO) production. Halhalı olive was processed in the “Mobile Olive Oil
Processing Unit” (TEM Oliomio 500-2GV, Italy) designed as the first mobile
olive mill in Turkey. Some chemical and physical properties (colour, UV
absorbance values, free fatty acid content, peroxide value, phenolic and
tocopherol profiles) were determined and monitored during one year of storing
in the dark at room temperature once in every three months. Results showed
that up to the eighth month of storage, free fatty acid content, peroxide and UV-absorption values (K232 and K232 values) did not exceed the limits reported
by International Olive Council (IOC) and olive oils were categorized as Extra
Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO). Colour changed from green to yellow and UV
absorbance values altered during storage. Total phenol and vitamin E (α-
tocopherol) contents decreased by 18% and 16.38%, respectively. Luteolin and apigenin were the most abundant phenolics and their contents decreased up to 22% and 28% during storing, respectively.
Determination of essential nutrients and cadmium in the white quinoa and amaranth seeds
Authors: Bratovcic Amra , Saric Edita
Published: June 2019

Micronutrients are trace elements required in very small amounts in the diet. Metals such as copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) are essential
nutrients that are required for various biochemical and physiological functions. Cadmium, which is considered as systemic toxicant that is known to induce multiple organ damage, even at lower levels of exposure,
has been also determined. Therefore, in this paper the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Zn and Cd have been determined in the white quinoa and amaranth by ICP-MS analysis. Concentrations of all examined metals were higher in the amaranth. This research has shown that amaranth and white quinoa could be good sources of essential micronutrients. The concentration of cadmium in amaranth was very close to maximum permitted
concentration in food.
Functional properties of parsley fortified homemade Turkish noodles (Erişte)
Authors: Dirim Safiye Nur , Koç Gülşah Çalişkan
Published: June 2019

Turkish noodle is a staple traditional dish in the Turkish cuisine and generally made out of wheat flour, egg, salt and vegetable oil. The aims
of this study were to improve the formulation of Turkish noodles by the addition of minced parsley (2, 4, 6 and 8% weight), to improve their
functional properties and swelling volume, to determine the effect on the physical properties (moisture content, water activity, and colour) and chemical composition (vitamin C, total chlorophyll, total carotenoid, and protein content) of the homemade plain and fortified Turkish noddle dough (FHTD) and the fortified homemade Turkish noodles (FHTN), to determine the traditional and microwave cooking characteristics and to indicate consumer preferences of FHTN with fresh parsley. The results showed that the amount of addition of fresh parsley
caused a significant increase in the moisture content values of FHTD (31.59-36.08%) (P<0.05). The vitamin C, total chlorophyll and total carotenoid contents of the FHTD and FHTN were improved with the addition
of fresh parsley. The traditionally cooked FHTN have got higher water absorption (30.25-38.90g) and swelling volume values (237.50-267.50%) than microwave cooked FHTN (WA=29.03–34.77g, SV=240.00-265.00%) (P<0.05). The noodles containing 2% parsley had the highest rating compared to both plain and other samples.
Anatomic features of anterior chamber angle in children with glaucoma depending on the degree of the cicatricial retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Makarova Maria A. , Panchishena Viktoria M. , Brusakova Elena V. , Ershova Regina V. , Saidasheva Elvira I. , Sokolov Vitaly O.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading condition in the nosological structure of ophthalmic pathology in preterm children. A number of researchers note the increase in frequency of glaucoma development in such patients, considerably worsening the prognosis of the disease. At the same time, features of ocular hydrostatics and hydrodynamics taking into account the immaturity of the eye are studied insufficiently.
The purpose of the study was to estimate the anterior chamber angle anatomy in preterm children with glaucoma depending on the cicatricial ROP severity.
Materials and methods. The study group included 45 preterm children (87 eyes) aged from 6 months to 18 years with glaucoma on the background of cicatricial ROP. The control group consisted of 27 full-term children (54 eyes) with congenital glaucoma. As an addition to traditional ophthalmologic examination, iridocorneal goniography using a pediatric retinal camera was performed.
Results. In children of the study group, anomalies of anterior chamber angle anatomic structure were diagnosed in the absolute majority of cases 97.7% of cases (85 eyes) and depended on the cicatricial ROP severity: at degrees 1-3 they were similar to those in congenital glaucoma in full-term children; at degrees 4-5 glaucoma was of secondary nature and developed as a result of a combination of dysgenesis signs in the anterior chamber angle.
Conclusion. Cicatricial ROP of any degree is a high risk factor for the development of secondary glaucoma.
Modern notions about the tactics of treatment of patients with non-full thickness macular holes: to observe or to operate?
Authors: Zhogolev Konstantin S. , Bayborodov Yaroslav V.
Published: June 2019

In this review, the opinions of different authors on the problem of non-full thickness macular holes are discussed in detail. Currently, there are three different approaches to the management of this condition. Dynamic observation allows assessing the degree of their progression, to determine some or other anatomical indicators which influence the functional state of the retina and visual function. Pharmacological vitreolysis in some cases allows eliminating vertical and tangential traction in a least invasive mannor. To resolve this problem in a radical way is possible by surgical treatment posterior vitrectomy, but this is also related to certain surgical risks, and does not always lead to an increase in visual acuity. As a rule, it is recommended to patients with a significant decrease in visual acuity. Currently, indications for surgical treatment of patients with high visual function are ambiguous.
Administración de clase y pedagogía para ingenieros
Authors: Lozano Rosero Pablo César
Published: June 2019

El propósito específico de este artículo es introducir una serie de habilidades que permitan a los profesores de ingeniería de la Universidad Libre seccional Cali, desarrollar buenas clases y mantener un ambiente en el salón en el cual la cantidad de tiempo que los estudiantes usan activamente en la construcción de su propio aprendizaje sea maximizada mientras que las interrupciones por comportamientos no deseados por parte de los estudiantes son minimizadas.
Metodología para la prevención de riesgos informáticos en una Pyme de la ciudad de Cali
Authors: Medina Cerquera Brian Andrés
Published: June 2019

En la actualidad uno de los principales problemas que se presentan a los responsables de las áreas de sistemas en el ámbito organizacional, es el manejo acertado de los recursos y el aseguramiento del manejo correcto de los mismos, garantizando así, la integridad de la información. A continuación, se exponen las razones fundamentales que justifican la implementación de una metodología para la prevención de riesgos informáticos en las pyme, dicho desarrollo por supuesto, para dicho desarrollo y aplicación se deberán tomar en consideración las características fundamentales de cada organización. El trabajo de investigación base del presente artículo se desarrolló en una empresa dedicada al outsourcing en salud y en cuya experiencia se resaltan las siguientes conclusiones principales: 1) la información es uno de los más importantes bienes de una compañía. 2) en esta empresa no existían medidas claras para salvaguardar la información como su activo más importante, probablemente porque los costos que esto implica superan las posibilidades presupuestales de la compañía y porque adicionalmente no existe una cultura que respalde dicho comportamiento al interior de la organización. 3) durante la implementación de la metodología, es fundamental sensibilizar al personal de la compañía, pues la protección informática es tarea de todos, en la media que todos los miembros de la organización son al tiempo responsables y posibles factores de riesgo aun sin proponérselo.
Pedagogía y creatividad en la educación superior colombiana
Authors: Galvis Hurtado Rafael
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo destaca el fomento de la creatividad y su vivencia en las diferentes disciplinas académicas, así como la pedagogía con énfasis en la calidad educativa y en especial en la práctica del PEI en la institución universitaria, que están orientadas a las ingenierías
Perspectives on the Mission of the Social Work Profession: A Random Survey of NASW Members
Authors: Dulmus Catherine N. , Bass Lessi L. , Bunch Shelia G.
Published: June 2019

Individuals with MSW degrees and who were members of the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) in the United States (N=862) were surveyed and asked what best represents the social work profession mission for them. They were provided with 7 pre-selected choices (i.e advocacy; lobbying; social justice; community organization; clinical work with individuals, families, and groups; advancement of the social work profession; or other) from which to choose one response. Over 66% of those responding chose clinical work with individuals, families, and groups as the mission of the social work profession. With the complex problems facing societies today will social work be at the forefront of the challenge of have we turned away from our historical mission of promoting social justice? This paper focuses on the finding from this research study and discusses its implications for social work education and the social work profession, as well as those individuals whom social workers serve.
Using Films to Teach Social Welfare Policy
Authors: Anderson Debra , Langer Carol , Furman Rich , Bender Kim
Published: June 2019

Because social welfare policy tends to be among the least-preferred courses in the social work curriculum, using contemporary films to augment the course content may help students gain awareness of the nature of the relationship between micro- and macro-level social work. Films may also help to bring abstract policy concepts into a more grounded and focused format. The purpose of this article is to explore the use of contemporary film in teaching social welfare policy in courses by presenting three films as case examples along with suggested discussion questions for each. The article concludes by discussing a framework and criteria for the selection and use of films for social work curricula.
Finding identity, security, and meaning in a pressured environment: the tornado model
Authors: Naivalu Angel , Walton Elaine
Published: June 2019

Using chaos theory, the authors introduce a model for addressing the environmental context of clients who felt pressure both from the dominant culture which surrounds them and from their families or culture of origin. The conflicting pressures and resulting chaos are compared to a tornado, and the authors explain how the “tornado model” is applied in therapy to help clients understand the impact of impinging forces in their lives and work toward recovery and personal growth through finding inner peace (the eye of the storm) and making use of surrounding energy through exploring personal identity, security, and meaning.
Achieving HBSE Competencies through Service-learning
Authors: Twill Sarah E. , Elpers Kathy , Lay Kathy
Published: June 2019

Service-learning pedagogy allows social work educators to create meaningful learning opportunities for students and better prepare them for practicum, while at the same time, meeting a community need. This paper outlines the relevance of incorporating service-learning into the social work curriculum, specifically the human behavior and the social environment (HBSE) area. Using Bloom’s taxonomy as a guide, the authors propose how the CSWE competencies and practice behaviors specific to HBSE may be assessed using service-learning pedagogy. An example is reviewed to illustrate how service-learning can assist faculty and students achieve the HBSE competencies and practice behaviors. Finally, implications for service-learning as a pedagogical strategy for social work education are discussed.
Faculty perceptions of curricular deficits in preparing students for practice with Latinos
Authors: Furman Rich , Bender Kimberly , Lewis Chance , Shears Jeffery
Published: June 2019

Qualitative responses to a survey of 314 social work faculty from nearly half of the graduate schools of social work (MSW programs) in the United States elucidated valuable information about culturally sensitive social work education. This article explores faculty perceptions of the deficits or MSW programs in preparing students for culturally sensitive social work practice with Latinos. While nearly 90% of social work MSW faculty agreed or strongly agreed that it is important to prepare students for work with this population, many perceive that their programs are not currently able to do so adequately. Faculty opinions concerning the nature of the deficits and ways of remedying said deficits are discussed.
The 2001 Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards: The Value of Research Revisited
Authors: Cournoyer Barry R. , Adamek Margaret E.
Published: June 2019

Although doctoral programs in social work are not accredited by the
Council on Social Work Education nor subject to the Educational Policy and
Accreditation Standards (EPAS, 2001), DSW and Ph.D. programs are affected by the
nature and quality of baccalaureate and masters’ socia lwork education. In this article,
the authors discuss the implications of the 2001 EPAS as they relate to BSW and MSW
graduates’ motivation and preparation for doctoral education.
Self-Efficacy in Newly-Hired Child Welfare Workers
Authors: Cherry Donna , Dalton Bruce , Dugan Angela
Published: June 2019

Child abuse and neglect in the United States resulted in 676,569 reports in 2011 (U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, 2012). Workers in this field struggle with low pay, high caseloads, inadequate training and supervision, and risk of violence, all of which contribute to worker burnout and poor worker retention rates. Worker self-efficacy is predictive of worker retention, job performance, and persistence in this difficult field. This paper reports the development of a new measure of self-efficacy from a sample of 395 child welfare workers. Factor analysis revealed two domains of self-efficacy, direct practice and indirect practice, which can be modestly predicted by worker characteristics upon hire and the training program the workers attend. Worker self-efficacy can be used to identify vulnerable workers who may be especially in need of strong supervisory support as well as understand who to target for recruitment. A review of the literature of self-efficacy in child welfare workers is included.
What Social Workers Should Know About Ethics: Understanding and Resolving Ethical Dilemmas
Authors: Congress Elaine P.
Published: June 2019

Recognizing ethical issues and dilemmas that arise in professional practice is crucial for social work practitioners, educators, and students. After a discussion about the limited, although growing, literature on social work ethics, the ten main tenets form the most current NASW Code of Ethics are presented. These topics include limits to confidentiality, confidentiality and technology, confidentiality in family and group work, managed care, cultural competence, dual relationships, sexual relationships, impairment and incompetence of colleagues, application to administrators and relevance to social work educators. In addition to understanding the Code of Ethics, social workers can use the ETHIC model of decision making for resolving ethical dilemmas. This easy to use five step process includes examining personal, agency, client, and professional values, thinking about ethical standards and relevant laws, hypothesizing about consequences, identifying the most vulnerable, and consulting with supervisors and colleagues. A case example involving confidentiality, HIV/AIDS and family therapy demonstrates how social workers can use the ETHIC model.
Interdisciplinary Service-Learning: Building Student Competencies through the Cross-Cultural Parent Groups Project
Authors: Belliveau Michele
Published: June 2019

Changing demographics and an emphasis on competency-based social work education call for innovative approaches to the delivery of curricular content. In an effort to introduce BSW students to the socio-political issues facing the local Latino immigrant community, a service-learning project was developed in collaboration with the Spanish Language Department and a local middle school. An analysis of outcomes from social work student evaluations showed that students engaged with the community and issues in new and unexpected ways. Through their engagement in a cross-cultural group project, students developed greater cultural competency, honed their group practice skills in an unfamiliar context, provided a needed service to the community, and raised their awareness about the working conditions of new immigrants as part of a developing framework for social action. Details and implications of the project as a means to build student competencies are described.
Ruth Irelan Knee: Influencing Progress in Mental Health
Authors: Wedel Kenneth
Published: June 2019

Ruth Irelan Knee (1920-2008) was a major player and eyewitness observer of dramatic changes in the treatment of the mentally ill. Early on in her career she experienced interdisciplinary treatment for the mentally ill and organized efforts for addressing mental health and other afflictions, which confront families and communities. She believed that social work could be at the forefront in developing rational approaches to addressing mental health and other social issues through community development. And she placed great value in having social workers at the table with other disciplines to accomplish needed change. Throughout her career and life she stood out as an extraordinary advocate for her chosen profession.
Attachment Theory and the Social Work Curriculum
Authors: Page Timothy , Norwood Rhonda
Published: June 2019

Attachment theory, as developed by Bowlby and Ainsworth, represented a major departure from the current theories of human development of the time, particularly in its rejection of the major tenets of psychoanalytic theory and its integration
of core ideas from evolution theory and cybernetics (Ainsworth & Bowlby, 1991). Attachment theory posits that a foundational human instinct, the desire to achieve safety and protection through proximity to a protective figure, is responsible for the
formation of a special class of life-long affectional bonds, referred to as “attachments.” Emotional security is derived to a great extent, according to the theory, from experience with caregivers who are consistently responsive to the developing infant’s expression of attachment behavior toward them. Forty years of empirical research has shown that attachment is a universal characteristic that predicts children’s development of cognitive and social competence, emotional regulation, and positive self-image (Weinfield, Sroufe, Egeland, & Carlson, 1999). Social work educators are currently challenged to better integrate the findings of attachment research into their curricula to reflect more the current state of developmental science.
Civic Professionalism: Using Service Learning to Educate Social Work Students as Citizens
Authors: Burke Tracey Kathleen
Published: June 2019

Schools of social work have put considerable energy into civic engagement and community partnership. Despite the attention paid to the civic mission of the university and/or of the profession, however, very little attention has been paid to the civic education of social work students. It will be argued here that social work education must include discussions about citizenship and democracy, about participating in our communities apart from our work. Service learning, with its emphasis on civic learning and a complementary focus on social justice, provides both a lens and a pedagogy for accomplishing this.
A Critical Review of Theory in Social Work Journals: A Replication Study
Authors: Gentle-Genitty Carolyn S. , Gregory Virgil , Pfahler Corey , Thomas Misty , Lewis Lisa , Campbell Kim , Ballard Kathy , Compton Kathy , Daley James G.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper is multifold.Key aspects discussed include exploring the extent of theory discussion and progression in social work journals for the year 2004; discussing the necessity of theory in social work research and practice; reviewing previous research literature regarding evaluation of theory discussion and progression; proposing criteria for defining theory in social work journals; and presenting
findings from the current study concerning theory discussion and progression in social work journals. Results: Of the 1,168 articles reviewed from 37 journals, 71 (approximately 6%) met the criteria for theory development with empirical base.
Thus, a minimal number of articles (3 out of 71 or 4.2%) evaluated, based on the criteria in the theory quality scale (Table 1), received high quality ratings. Conclusion:
Based on the results yielded by the analysis, we assert that social workers need to make a conscious effort to include theory in practice decisions.
A Lesson on Social Role Theory: An Example of Human Behavior in the Social Environment Theory
Authors: Dulin Agnes M.
Published: June 2019

This paper discusses the social role theory, a theory of Human Behavior in the Social Environment (HBSE). Relevance of this topic is briefly discussed, as well as a definition of the theory and its historical background. Empirical research that employs this theory will be discussed.Recommendations will be made for future theory
development and implications for social work education will conclude the discussion.
The New Color is Green: Social Work Practice and Service-Learning
Authors: Lucas-Darby Emma T.
Published: June 2019

Attention to saving the environment is gaining momentum daily. Citizens have a fundamental right to protect the environment from harm due to human activities. The profession of social work has a role to play in greening and sustaining the environment. The inclusion of this content in social work courses is a natural fit given the profession’s person-in-environment perspective which emphasizes the relationship between individuals, their behavior and the environment and advocacy for preservation of human welfare and human rights. Participatory environmentalism considers the role of community members in demonstrating their civic responsibility toward preservation of the natural environment and resources. Social work students must be encouraged to accept vital leadership roles that address environmental concerns in addition to serving client populations. A community practice course which includes a service-learning requirement chose “greening” as a theme. Students worked with communities to identify and implement semester-long “green” projects.
Institutionalization: A Theory of Human Behavior and the Social Environment
Authors: Johnson Miriam McNown , Rhodes Rita
Published: June 2019

Institutionalism is the syndrome first recognized and described in inpatient psychiatric facilities,which is now used to describe a set of maladaptive behaviors that are evoked by the pressures of living in any institutional setting. This article traces the development of the theory of institutionalization, which predicts and explains an individual’s response to that particular type of environment. The article makes note of key contributors and contributions, and of empirical studies that have advanced the theory. Underlying perspectives and assumptions are identified
and earlier theoretical models are reviewed and critiqued. An updated model of the theory, which includes individual vulnerabilities, objective conditions of the institutional placement, and the resident’s perceptions of the environment, is presented. New directions in the field of institutional care and implications for social workers, particularly for those working in nursing home and prison settings, are discussed, along with recommendations for next steps for theory progression.
A Multiparadigmatic Approach to Religion in Social Work Education
Authors: Singletary Jon E.
Published: June 2019

The attention given to faith-based human services in the past decade has created interest in pedagogical models of the ethical integration of spirituality, religion and social work practice. Following a discussion of philosophical, theoretical, and theological perspectives, this paper explores different sociological paradigms of knowledge and practice that may be of value when seeking to utilize spiritual and religious content into social work education. The implications of this article relate to educational settings that seek to incorporate content on religion and spirituality in social work education as well as to social work practice in religious organizations.
The Effectiveness of Writing Across the Curriculum in a Baccalaureate Social Work Program: Students’ Perceptions
Authors: Luna Naelys , Horton E. Gail , Galin Jeffrey R.
Published: June 2019

Effective social work practice requires strong writing and communication skills; however, social work students often experience difficulties performing academically at expected levels. This article presents findings from a student survey that was collected for two years to assess perceptions of the effectiveness of Writing Across the Curriculum (WAC) strategies on writing skills and social work knowledge acquisition in an introductory social work class that is taught every semester at a school of social work located in southeastern Florida. Students reported that WAC strategies substantially improved their abilities to write in the discipline and learn course content. Based on our findings, it is recommended that schools of social work infuse WAC throughout their curriculum, a process that requires cross curricular collaboration, intra-departmental support, and faculty commitment to course development and implementation.
Ethics Do Matter, But Where?
Authors: O'Brien Peter J.
Published: June 2019

The implications of social work being an ethics-based profession are explored. Conduct toward colleagues in the discharge of ethical practices is a focus of this article. The author’s view is that other disciplines involved in mental health, for example, psychiatry, family physicians, psychology, nursing, pastoral services, education, and rehabilitation therapy, share these values. As such, these themes are relevant across many professional disciplines. The article’s intent is to promote discussion as to how we cultivate a collective demeanor as social workers that is congruent with our most hallowed values and principles, namely, social justice, ethical practice, fairness and respect for all people. An examination of daily practices in the workplace and suggested remedies to enhance ethical conduct, including a series of questions we can ask ourselves, are offered.
What is the Role of Social Work in China? A Multi-Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Bai Jieru
Published: June 2019

This article analyzes the role of social work in the context of the special political, economic, cultural, and historical background in China. A historical perspective is used to understand the evolution of the Chinese welfare system and explain the timing of reintroducing the social work profession. A pluralistic perspective is adopted to define social work relating to different stakeholders in social welfare and services. The government starts to diminish its role as a direct service provider. The traditional family and community have less capacity to take care of people. Yet, the social work profession is not ready to take over. Finally, a social development perspective is used to illustrate why economic growth is prioritized by the Chinese government and social work as profession is supposed to work to promote social stability and prosperity. Implications for social work research and practice are discussed.
Waiting to be Cinderella’d?: Attitudes on Class Differences Among Women
Authors: Wood Leila , Hostetter Carol , Sullenberger Sabrina W.
Published: June 2019

This article explores the way in which college students construct attitudes about class differences among women. Social work student researchers interviewed 30 college students at a Midwestern public university and asked them to tell stories about women in two different social class positions. The results revealed that social class differences are constructed based on factors related to family of origin, personality, structural inequities, personal choices and relationships, as well as other intersecting experiences. In addition, participant stories highlighted gendered attitudes towards women in poverty. Implications for social science teaching, practice, and research are discussed.
The Professionalization of Baccalaureate-Level Social Work
Authors: Sheafor Bradford W.
Published: June 2019

We are occasionally privileged to observe an important event in the history of some aspect of life, but one is rarely an eyewitness to the birth of a profession—or even a specific division of a profession. Nevertheless, along with others, I had the privilege of participating in a series of events over several years that, with hindsight, I realize made me a witness to the birth of baccalaureate social work. This article reflects the perspective of one person engaged in these events and may differ from the observations of other participants. Yet, it represents my best recollection of events that began nearly fifty years ago.
Human Sexuality as a Critical Subfield in Social Work
Authors: McCave Emily , Shepard Benjamin , Ramseyer Winter Virginia
Published: June 2019

Human sexuality is of vital importance to social work practitioners, educators, and scholars. Yet historically, the profession’s leadership around it has waxed and waned, impacting practice. This article discusses the importance of human sexuality as a critical subfield within social work. It suggests that the mechanisms, namely textbooks, journals, and national conferences, for stimulating human sexuality social work scholarship are limited. The authors assert that the taboo of human sexuality limits the advancement of a cohesive professional discourse and contributes to the continued oppression of marginalized populations. Recommendations for providing better support for those who study, teach, and practice in the arena of human sexuality are offered.
Building the Social Work Workforce: Saving Lives and Families
Authors: Briar-Lawson Katharine
Published: June 2019

This article depicts a journey over the decades to address some of the needs of children and families in the child welfare system. Recounting a few key milestones and challenges in the past 40 years, it is argued that workforce development is one key to improved outcomes for abused and neglected children and their families. Major events and several turning points are chronicled. Emerging workforce needs in aging are also cited as lessons learned from child welfare have implications for building a gero savvy social work workforce. Funding streams involving IV-E and Medicaid are discussed. It is argued that workforce development can be a life and death issue for some of these most vulnerable populations. Thus, the workforce development agenda must be at the forefront of the social work profession for the 21st century. Key funding streams are needed to foster investments in building and sustaining the social work workforce.
The Impact of an Indiana (United States) Drug Court on Criminal Recidivism
Authors: Gallagher John R. , Ivory Eric , Carlton Jesse , Miller Hon. Jane Woodward
Published: June 2019

This study evaluated a drug court located in a metropolitan area of Indiana (United States), focusing specifically on identifying variables that predicted recidivism among drug court participants and comparing criminal recidivism patterns among drug court and probation participants. Drug court participants were most likely to recidivate if they were younger, had a violation within the first 30 days of the program, had a previous criminal record, and were terminated unsuccessfully from the program. Furthermore, drug court participants were less likely to recidivate than probationers who had similar offense and demographic characteristics. Implications for drug court practice, policy advocacy, and future research are discussed.
Existential Social Work
Authors: Krill Donald F.
Published: June 2019

The existential impact upon social work began in the 1960’s with the emphasis upon freedom, responsibility and a sense of the absurd. It affirmed human potential while faulting the deterministic thinking that was popular with psychological theorists at that time. It was open to the prospects of spirituality, but was less than optimistic concerning great progress among social institutions. It was a forerunner to the strengths-based social work programs of our present day.
Analysis of Violence Against Women Act and the South Asian Immigrants in the United States
Authors: Bhandari Shreya
Published: June 2019

The issue of domestic violence among South Asian immigrant population in the United States is examined in the light of the Violence Against Women Act. The paper gives a background to the issue of domestic violence in the South Asian community and examines the Violence Against Women Acts of 1994, 2000 and 2005 with regard to issues affecting South Asian women. It addresses issues around marriage and has emphasized the difficulties of women with dependent immigration status. Policy alternatives are examined and discussed with regard to efficacy and efficiency of the policy.
Age Differences in LGBT Attitudes Toward Marriage Equality
Authors: Maccio Elaine M. , DeRosa Sara Mateer , Wilks Scott E. , Wright Amy L.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare attitudes of older versus younger lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals regarding marriage equality. Data were collected via self-report questionnaires from 350 LGBT adults in a mid-size city in the southern United States. Older and younger LGBT cohorts did not differ significantly in voter registration, political party affiliation, awareness of LGBT political issues, or voting on social issues. Older LGBT adults were less likely to find same-sex marriage important. Yet, age cohorts did not differ significantly on legalizing same-sex marriage. Social work implications are discussed regarding this policy area.
An Adult Education Model of Resident Participation: Building Community Capacity and Strengthening Neighborhood-Based Activities in a Comprehensive Community Initiative (CCI).
Authors: Brisson Daniel , Roll Susan
Published: June 2019

Comprehensive Community Initiatives (CCIs) are of growing interest to social work and the social services field as they are an effort to move away from remediation of individual problems within neighborhoods to a comprehensive change effort that builds resident and institutional capacity for long term sustainability of healthy communities. Built on ongoing lessons learned from the community development field, CCIs are largely foundation supported projects that engage low-income neighborhood residents in a holistic change effort. However, based on what is known about community organizing, CCIs will likely face challenges as long as they involve a top-down approach with an outside funder entering a community to make change. This manuscript frames an adult education model of resident participation that can be used in CCIs and provides a case example illustrating the model in action. A discussion of how the model can be an effective means for communities to take advantage of outside resources while maintaining their power and voice for change is offered in conclusion.
Are Empathy and Compassion Bad for the Professional Social Worker?
Authors: Nilsson Peter
Published: June 2019

Recent studies have shown that social workers and other professional helpers who work with traumatized individuals run a risk of developing compassion fatigue or secondary traumatic stress. Some researchers have hypothesized that helpers do this as a result of feeling too much empathy or too much compassion for their clients, thereby implying that empathy and compassion may be bad for the professional social worker. This paper investigates these hypotheses. Based on a review of current research about empathy and compassion it is argued that these states are not the causes of compassion fatigue. Hence, it is argued that empathy and compassion are not bad for the professional social worker in the sense that too much of one or the other will lead to compassion fatigue.
Intergenerational Groups: Rediscovering our Legacy
Authors: Anstadt Scott P. , Byster Deb
Published: June 2019

Intergenerational groups are a community-based group concept designed to engage and mobilize often untapped resources of older adults in effective interaction with younger populations. These groups support an atmosphere of synergistic interaction. Members of each generation share reflections on interpersonal strengths and capacities and rediscover emotional and spiritual anchors and bonding. Illustrated here is Community Connections (CC), developed using the phase driven participatory culture-specific intervention model (PCSIM; Nastasi, Moore & Varjas, 2004) that included self selected local older adults, caregivers, and multicultural exchange students. The program was structured to offer mutual opportunities for activities built around exchanging cultural and life experiences. The goals were: 1) to reduce social isolation due to age, culture, or disability 2) for international students to practice English and learn about local cultural traditions, and 3) to build intergenerational ‘extended family’ relationships.
Maximizing response rates in survey research: Issues and methods
Authors: Siebert Darcy Clay
Published: June 2019

Collecting accurate data is a challenge for researchers, and securing sufficient response rates can be especially difficult, particularly when asking respondents to reveal sensitive information. This paper will review the relevant literature and illustrate the issues by reporting the methodes used to collect data for Work and Well Being: A Study of North Carolina Social Workers. By following a rigorous protocol, the study achieved a 75% response rate (N=751), a sample that was representative of the population, and minimal response bias. The results highlight the ways in which social work researchers can explore difficult substantive arenas and yet achieve an excellent response.
If they like it they can take it with them: A mixed methods look at the use of Internet-based instruction of mindfulness meditation with incarcerated youth
Authors: Evans-Chase Michelle
Published: June 2019

The most successful programming offered in juvenile justice facilities do not transfer easily back to communities to give youth the opportunity to practice intervention skills once they return home. Having this opportunity is particularly important to youth leaving state custody given that they disproportionately return to poor communities and disrupted families that both exacerbate behaviors associated with juvenile justice involvement and act as barriers to much needed services and support. With this in mind, a randomized controlled trial was used to quantitatively assess the ability of freely available Internet-based mindfulness meditation instruction to increase mindfulness in treatment youth, with weekly journals and open-ended post-test questions used to qualitatively explore the treatment experience. Findings suggest that an Internet delivery of mindfulness meditation is both engaging to incarcerated youth, helpful to them in coping with life in a juvenile justice facility, and able to increase mindfulness in youth who practice it.
Social workers and involuntary treatment in mental health
Authors: Taylor Melissa Floyd
Published: June 2019

Involuntary treatment is often a reality in mental health social work. The current research examined 330 mental health social workers' involvement in and opinions about involuntary treatment as part of their primary job functions. Varieties of involuntary intervention and typical frequency were investigated. The most often cited areas of involuntary treatment experience proved to be mandated outpatient counseling and emergency hospitalization. In general, participants reported a high level of support for the existence of involuntary intervention, both in "idea" and "implementation." The study also explored the attitudes social workers have about these sometimes "ethically-complex" social work interventions and how these attitudes may have changed over the life of their practice careers due to practice experience and personal growth, job changes, and exposure to the reality of mental illness.
Investigation of the factor structure of the mental, physical and spiritual well-being scale
Authors: Green Diane L.
Published: June 2019

The importance of mental, physical and spirituality in coping with violence is becoming increasingly recognized. As such, scales measuring these constructs are instrumental in assessment of clients from a holistic and strengths perspective, the foundation of social work. This article examines the factor structure of the Mental, Physical and Spiritual Well-being scale. The MPS is a 30 item, easy to administer, self report measure. The MPS was administered to 175 crime victims to assess whether or not the three factor structure fits the data from the sample. Exploratory statistical procedures were used to reduce data through principle component analysis identified three factors with eigenvalues greater than 1.0 and a cumulative variance of 57%. Recommendations are made for utilizing this brief self-report instrument in assessing victims of crime and training social workers and other practitioners.
Challenges and Opportunities of Using Digital Storytelling as a Trauma Narrative Intervention for Traumatized Children
Authors: Anderson Kim M. , Cook Jonathan R.
Published: June 2019

This article address the challenges and opportunities of implementing a web-based Digital Storytelling (DS) curriculum to supplement the trauma narrative component of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) for traumatized youth, ages 9-17, receiving mental health services at a rural domestic violence (DV) agency. Digital storytelling, as the term suggests, combines storytelling with technology that integrates a mixture of digital images, text, audio narration, and music. Ultimately, implementing the DS curriculum empowered youth to process and develop their trauma stories in a multi-sensory, accessible and coherent manner. In doing so, they gained tools (writing, narrating, illustrating, and ultimately assembling their own stories) to form adaptive responses regarding their family violence experiences in its immediate aftermath and possibly over time. Agency implications are discussed regarding training, technical, and confidentiality issues related to the implementation of a web-based DS curriculum.
Prevention: Making a shadow component a real goal in social work
Authors: Woody Jane D.
Published: June 2019

Although need, opportunity, and funding for prevention programs are currently increasing, social workers do not appear to be leaders in this area of practice. Their lack of initiative in prevention will not likely change until social work education incorporates concepts from prevention science into the curriculum. This article: identifies and explains major prevention concepts and principles; discusses their congruence with social work's historical roots and current curriculum policy; and offers thoughts on integrating prevention values and content into both generalist and advanced courses. An appendix of resources is included to encourage faculties to consider how prevention could fit in the overall design of their programs.
Developing scales for apps together - youth and municipal case worker perspectives
Authors: Mackrill Thomas , Ebsen Frank , Antczak Helle
Published: June 2019

This article reports the initial findings of a Danish action research project aiming to develop a digital tool that young persons could use to inform their municipal case workers about their wellbeing. The project vision was an integrated system with a smartphone interface for young persons, and a web interface for case workers, whereby both parties could track how the young persons were doing. Three meetings were held between researchers, software developers, young persons and their case workers. The young persons rejected self-monitoring on a normative scale. They rejected a scale proposed by case workers that encouraged them to focus on a positive future, favoring a scale which enabled them to focus on their wellbeing being low. The young persons and case workers disagreed about how data regarding change should be presented. Case workers preferred a graph that highlighted risk, where young persons favored a graph that emphasized positive change.