bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bimetallic Catalysts Containing Gold and Palladium for Environmentally Important Reactions
Authors: Alshammari Ahmad , Kalevaru V. , Martin Andreas
Published: July 2016

Supported bimetallic nanoparticles (SBN) are extensively used as efficient redox catalysts. This kind of catalysis particularly using SBN has attracted immense research interest compared to their parent metals due to their unique physico-chemical properties. The primary objective of this contribution is to provide comprehensive overview about SBN and their application as promising catalysts. The present review contains four sections in total. Section 1 starts with a general introduction, recent progress, and brief summary of the application of SBN as promising catalysts for different applications. Section 2 reviews the preparation and characterization methods of SBN for a wide range of catalytic reactions. Section 3 concentrates on our own results related to the application of SBN in heterogeneous catalysis. In this section, the oxidation of cyclohexane to adipic acid (an eco-friendly and novel approach) will be discussed. In addition, the application of bimetallic Pd catalysts for vapor phase toluene acetoxylation in a fixed bed reactor will also be highlighted. Acetoxylation of toluene to benzyl acetate is another green route to synthesize benzyl acetate in one step. Finally, Section 4 describes the summary of the main points and also presents an outlook on the application of SBN as promising catalysts for the production of valuable products.
On Real-Time Fault Detection in Wind Turbines: Sensor Selection Algorithm and Detection Time Reduction Analysis
Authors: Pozo Francesc , Vidal Yolanda , Serrahima Josep
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we address the problem of real-time fault detection in wind turbines. Starting from a data-driven fault detection method, the contribution of this paper is twofold. First, a sensor selection algorithm is proposed with the goal to reduce the computational effort of the fault detection method. Second, an analysis is performed to reduce the data acquisition time needed by the fault detection method, that is, with the goal of reducing the fault detection time. The proposed methods are tested in a benchmark wind turbine where different actuator and sensor failures are simulated. The results demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms that dramatically reduce the number of sensors and the fault detection time.
Stationary-Phase Mutagenesis in Stressed Bacillus subtilis Cells Operates by Mfd-Dependent Mutagenic Pathways
Authors: Gómez-Marroquín Martha , Martin Holly , Pepper Amber , Girard Mary , Kidman Amanda , Vallin Carmen , Yasbin Ronald , Pedraza-Reyes Mario , Robleto Eduardo
Published: July 2016

In replication-limited cells of Bacillus subtilis, Mfd is mutagenic at highly transcribed regions, even in the absence of bulky DNA lesions. However, the mechanism leading to increased mutagenesis through Mfd remains currently unknown. Here, we report that Mfd may promote mutagenesis in nutritionally stressed B. subtilis cells by coordinating error-prone repair events mediated by UvrA, MutY and PolI. Using a point-mutated gene conferring leucine auxotrophy as a genetic marker, it was found that the absence of UvrA reduced the Leu+ revertants and that a second mutation in mfd reduced mutagenesis further. Moreover, the mfd and polA mutants presented low but similar reversion frequencies compared to the parental strain. These results suggest that Mfd promotes mutagenic events that required the participation of NER pathway and PolI. Remarkably, this Mfd-dependent mutagenic pathway was found to be epistatic onto MutY; however, whereas the MutY-dependent Leu+ reversions required Mfd, a direct interaction between these proteins was not apparent. In summary, our results support the concept that Mfd promotes mutagenesis in starved B. subtilis cells by coordinating both known and previously unknown Mfd-associated repair pathways. These mutagenic processes bias the production of genetic diversity towards highly transcribed regions in the genome.
Conditions for the Occurrence of Slaking and Other Disaggregation Processes under Rainfall
Authors: Darboux Frédéric , Dalla Rosa Jaqueline , Cooper Miguel
Published: July 2016

Under rainfall conditions, aggregates may suffer breakdown by different mechanisms. Slaking is a very efficient breakdown mechanism. However, its occurrence under rainfall conditions has not been demonstrated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of slaking under rain. Two soils with silt loam (SL) and clay loam (CL) textures were analyzed. Two classes of aggregates were utilized: 1–3 mm and 3–5 mm. The aggregates were submitted to stability tests and to high intensity (90 mm·h−1) and low intensity (28 mm·h−1) rainfalls, and different kinetic energy impacts (large and small raindrops) using a rainfall simulator. The fragment size distributions were determined both after the stability tests and rainfall simulations, with the calculation of the mean weighted diameter (MWD). After the stability tests the SL presented smaller MWDs for all stability tests when compared to the CL. In both soils the lowest MWD was obtained using the fast wetting test, showing they were sensitive to slaking. For both soils and the two aggregate classes evaluated, the MWDs were recorded from the early beginning of the rainfall event under the four rainfall conditions. The occurrence of slaking in the evaluated soils was not verified under the simulated rainfall conditions studied. The early disaggregation was strongly related to the cumulative kinetic energy, advocating for the occurrence of mechanical breakdown. Because slaking requires a very high wetting rate on initially dry aggregates, it seems unlikely to occur under field conditions, except perhaps for furrow irrigation.
Understanding Relationships between Health, Ethnicity, Place and the Role of Urban Green Space in Deprived Urban Communities
Authors: Roe Jenny , Aspinall Peter , Ward Thompson Catharine
Published: July 2016

Very little is known about how differences in use and perceptions of urban green space impact on the general health of black and minority ethnic (BME) groups. BME groups in the UK suffer from poorer health and a wide range of environmental inequalities that include poorer access to urban green space and poorer quality of green space provision. This study used a household questionnaire (n = 523) to explore the relationship between general health and a range of individual, social and physical environmental predictors in deprived white British and BME groups living in ethnically diverse cities in England. Results from Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) segmentation analyses identified three distinct general health segments in our sample ranging from “very good” health (people of Indian origin), to ”good” health (white British), and ”poor” health (people of African-Caribbean, Bangladeshi, Pakistani origin and other BME groups), labelled ”Mixed BME” in the analyses. Correlated Component Regression analyses explored predictors of general health for each group. Common predictors of general health across all groups were age, disability, and levels of physical activity. However, social and environmental predictors of general health-including use and perceptions of urban green space-varied among the three groups. For white British people, social characteristics of place (i.e., place belonging, levels of neighbourhood trust, loneliness) ranked most highly as predictors of general health, whilst the quality of, access to and the use of urban green space was a significant predictor of general health for the poorest health group only, i.e., in ”Mixed BME”. Results are discussed from the perspective of differences in use and perceptions of urban green space amongst ethnic groups. We conclude that health and recreation policy in the UK needs to give greater attention to the provision of local green space amongst poor BME communities since this can play an important role in helping address the health inequalities experienced by these groups.
Prediction of Massive Transfusion in Trauma Patients with Shock Index, Modified Shock Index, and Age Shock Index
Authors: Rau Cheng-Shyuan , Wu Shao-Chun , Kuo Spencer , Pao-Jen Kuo , Shiun-Yuan Hsu , Chen Yi-Chun , Hsieh Hsiao-Yun , Hsieh Ching-Hua , Liu Hang-Tsung
Published: July 2016

Objectives: The shock index (SI) and its derivations, the modified shock index (MSI) and the age shock index (Age SI), have been used to identify trauma patients with unstable hemodynamic status. The aim of this study was to evaluate their use in predicting the requirement for massive transfusion (MT) in trauma patients upon arrival at the hospital. Participants: A patient receiving transfusion of 10 or more units of packed red blood cells or whole blood within 24 h of arrival at the emergency department was defined as having received MT. Detailed data of 2490 patients hospitalized for trauma between 1 January 2009, and 31 December 2014, who had received blood transfusion within 24 h of arrival at the emergency department, were retrieved from the Trauma Registry System of a level I regional trauma center. These included 99 patients who received MT and 2391 patients who did not. Patients with incomplete registration data were excluded from the study. The two-sided Fisher exact test or Pearson chi-square test were used to compare categorical data. The unpaired Student t-test was used to analyze normally distributed continuous data, and the Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare non-normally distributed data. Parameters including systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), hemoglobin level (Hb), base deficit (BD), SI, MSI, and Age SI that could provide cut-off points for predicting the patients’ probability of receiving MT were identified by the development of specific receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. High accuracy was defined as an area under the curve (AUC) of more than 0.9, moderate accuracy was defined as an AUC between 0.9 and 0.7, and low accuracy was defined as an AUC less than 0.7. Results: In addition to a significantly higher Injury Severity Score (ISS) and worse outcome, the patients requiring MT presented with a significantly higher HR and lower SBP, Hb, and BD, as well as significantly increased SI, MSI, and Age SI. Among these, only four parameters (SBP, BD, SI, and MSI) had a discriminating power of moderate accuracy (AUC > 0.7) as would be expected. A SI of 0.95 and a MSI of 1.15 were identified as the cut-off points for predicting the requirement of MT, with an AUC of 0.760 (sensitivity: 0.563 and specificity: 0.876) and 0.756 (sensitivity: 0.615 and specificity: 0.823), respectively. However, in the groups of patients with comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or coronary artery disease, the discriminating power of these three indices in predicting the requirement of MT was compromised. Conclusions: This study reveals that the SI is moderately accurate in predicting the need for MT. However, this predictive power may be compromised in patients with HTN, DM or CAD. Moreover, the more complex calculations of MSI and Age SI failed to provide better discriminating power than the SI.
Prodifferentiation Activity of Novel Vitamin D2 Analogs PRI-1916 and PRI-1917 and Their Combinations with a Plant Polyphenol in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Authors: Nachliely Matan , Sharony Ehud , Bolla Narasimha , Kutner Andrzej , Danilenko Michael
Published: July 2016

1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) is a powerful differentiation inducer for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. However, 1,25D3 doses required for differentiation of AML cells may cause lethal hypercalcemia in vivo. There is evidence that vitamin D2 is less toxic than vitamin D3 in animals. Here, we determined the differentiation effects of novel analogs of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 (1,25D2), PRI-1916 and PRI-1917, in which the extended side chains of their previously reported precursors (PRI-1906 and PRI-1907, respectively) underwent further 24Z (24-cis) modification. Using four human AML cell lines representing different stages of myeloid maturation (KG-1a, HL60, U937, and MOLM-13), we found that the potency of PRI-1916 was slightly higher or equal to that of PRI-1906 while PRI-1917 was significantly less potent than PRI-1907. We also demonstrated that 1,25D2 was a less effective differentiation agent than 1,25D3 in these cell lines. Irrespective of their differentiation potency, all the vitamin D2 derivatives tested were less potent than 1,25D3 in transactivating the DR3-type vitamin D response elements. However, similar to 1,25D3, both 1,25D2 and its analogs could strongly cooperate with the plant polyphenol carnosic acid in inducing cell differentiation and inhibition of G1–S cell cycle transition. These results indicate that the 24Z modification has contrasting effects on the differentiation ability of PRI-1906 and PRI-1907 and that the addition of a plant polyphenol could result in a similar extent of cell differentiation induced by different vitamin D compounds. The enhanced antileukemic effects of the tested combinations may constitute the basis for the development of novel approaches for differentiation therapy of AML.
The Effect of Resveratrol and Quercetin Treatment on PPAR Mediated Uncoupling Protein (UCP-) 1, 2, and 3 Expression in Visceral White Adipose Tissue from Metabolic Syndrome Rats
Authors: Castrejón-Tellez Vicente , Rodríguez-Pérez José , Pérez-Torres Israel , Pérez-Hernández Nonanzit , Cruz-Lagunas Alfredo , Guarner-Lans Verónica , Vargas-Alarcón Gilberto , Rubio-Ruiz María
Published: July 2016

Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are members of the mitochondrial anion carrier superfamily involved in the control of body temperature and energy balance regulation. They are currently proposed as therapeutic targets for treating obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We studied the gene expression regulation of UCP1, -2, and -3 in abdominal white adipose tissue (WAT) from control and MetS rats treated with two doses of a commercial mixture of resveratrol (RSV) and quercetin (QRC). We found that UCP2 was the predominantly expressed isoform, UCP3 was present at very low levels, and UCP1 was undetectable. The treatment with RSV + QRC did not modify UCP3 levels; however, it significantly increased UCP2 mRNA in control and MetS rats in association with an increase in oleic and linoleic fatty acids. WAT from MetS rats showed a significantly increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and PPAR-γ when compared to the control group. Furthermore, PPAR-α protein levels were increased by the highest dose of RSV + QRC in the control and MetS groups. PPAR-γ expression was only increased in the control group. We conclude that the RSV + QRC treatment leads to overexpression of UCP2, which is associated with an increase in MUFA and PUFA, which might increase PPAR-α expression.
Molecular Targeted Therapies for the Treatment of Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis: Current Evidence and Future Directions
Authors: Lee Dae-Won , Lee Kyung-Hun , Kim Jin , Keam Bhumsuk
Published: July 2016

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) is the multifocal seeding of cerebrospinal fluid and leptomeninges by malignant cells. The incidence of LMC is approximately 5% in patients with malignant tumors overall and the rate is increasing due to increasing survival time of cancer patients. Eradication of the disease is not yet possible, so the treatment goals of LMC are to improve neurologic symptoms and to prolong survival. A standard treatment for LMC has not been established due to low incidences of LMC, the rapidly progressing nature of the disease, heterogeneous populations with LMC, and a lack of randomized clinical trial results. Treatment options for LMC include intrathecal chemotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, but the prognoses remain poor with a median survival of <3 months. Recently, molecular targeted agents have been applied in the clinic and have shown groundbreaking results in specific patient groups epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy or an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor in lung cancer, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-directed therapy in breast cancer, and CD20-targeted therapy in B cell lymphoma). Moreover, there are results indicating that the use of these agents under proper dose and administration routes can be effective for managing LMC. In this article, we review molecular targeted agents for managing LMC.
Stem Cell Therapy and Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Nelson Timothy , Cantero Peral Susana
Published: July 2016

For more than a decade, stem cell therapy has been the focus of intensive efforts for the treatment of adult heart disease, and now has promise for treating the pediatric population. On the basis of encouraging results in the adult field, the application of stem cell-based strategies in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) opens a new therapy paradigm. To date, the safety and efficacy of stem cell-based products to promote cardiac repair and recovery in dilated cardiomyopathy and structural heart disease in infants have been primarily demonstrated in scattered clinical case reports, and supported by a few relevant pre-clinical models. Recently the TICAP trial has shown the safety and feasibility of intracoronary infusion of autologous cardiosphere-derived cells in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. A focus on preemptive cardiac regeneration in the pediatric setting may offer new insights as to the timing of surgery, location of cell-based delivery, and type of cell-based regeneration that could further inform acquired cardiac disease applications. Here, we review the current knowledge on the field of stem cell therapy and tissue engineering in children with CHD, and discuss the gaps and future perspectives on cell-based strategies to treat patients with CHD.
Highly Variable Bacterial Communities Associated with the Octocoral Antillogorgia elisabethae
Authors: Robertson Veronica , Haltli Brad , McCauley Erin , Overy David , Kerr Russell
Published: July 2016

Antillogorgia elisabethae (synonymous with Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae) is a common branching octocoral in Caribbean reef ecosystems. A. elisabethae is a rich source of anti-inflammatory diterpenes, thus this octocoral has been the subject of numerous natural product investigations, yet relatively little is known regarding the composition, diversity and the geographic and temporal stability of its microbiome. To characterize the composition, diversity and stability of bacterial communities of Bahamian A. elisabethae populations, 17 A. elisabethae samples originating from five sites within The Bahamas were characterized by 16S rDNA pyrosequencing. A. elisabethae bacterial communities were less diverse and distinct from those of surrounding seawater samples. Analyses of α- and β-diversity revealed that A. elisabethae bacterial communities were highly variable between A. elisabethae samples from The Bahamas. This contrasts results obtained from a previous study of three specimens collected from Providencia Island, Colombia, which found A. elisabethae bacterial communities to be highly structured. Taxa belonging to the Rhodobacteriales, Rhizobiales, Flavobacteriales and Oceanospiralles were identified as potential members of the A. elisabethae core microbiome.
Geological Controls on Mineralogy and Geochemistry of an Early Permian Coal from the Songshao Mine, Yunnan Province, Southwestern China
Authors: Wang Ruixue
Published: July 2016

This paper discusses the content, distribution, modes of occurrence, and enrichment mechanism of mineral matter and trace elements of an Early Permian coal from Songshao (Yunnan Province, China) by means of coal-petrological, mineralogical, and geochemical techniques. The results show that the Songshao coal is characterized by high total and organic sulfur contents (3.61% and 3.87%, respectively). Lithium (170.39 μg/g) and Zr (184.55 μg/g) are significantly enriched in the Songshao coal, and, to a lesser extent, elements such as Hg, La, Ce, Nd, Th, Sr, Nb, Sn, Hf, V, and Cr are also enriched. In addition to Hg and Se that are enriched in the roof and floor strata of the coal seam, Li, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Y, Cd, and Sb are slightly enriched in these host rocks. Compared to the upper continental crust, rare earth elements and yttrium in the host rocks and coal samples are characterized by a light-REE enrichment type and have negative Eu, positive Ce and Gd anomalies. Major minerals in the samples of coal, roof, and floor are boehmite, clay minerals (kaolinite, illite, and mixed layer illite-smectite), pyrite, and anatase. Geochemical and mineralogical anomalies of the Songshao coal are attributed to hydrothermal fluids, seawater, and sediment-source rocks.
Nanostructures Derived from Starch and Chitosan for Fluorescence Bio-Imaging
Authors: Zu Yinxue , Bi Jingran , Yan Huiping , Wang Haitao , Song Yukun , Zhu Bei-Wei , Tan Mingqian
Published: July 2016

Fluorescent nanostructures (NSs) derived from polysaccharides have drawn great attention as novel fluorescent probes for potential bio-imaging applications. Herein, we reported a facile alkali-assisted hydrothermal method to fabricate polysaccharide NSs using starch and chitosan as raw materials. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that the average particle sizes are 14 nm and 75 nm for starch and chitosan NSs, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis showed that there are a large number of hydroxyl or amino groups on the surface of these polysaccharide-based NSs. Strong fluorescence with an excitation-dependent emission behaviour was observed under ultraviolet excitation. Interestingly, the photostability of the NSs was found to be superior to fluorescein and rhodamine B. The quantum yield of starch NSs could reach 11.12% under the excitation of 360 nm. The oxidative metal ions including Cu(II), Hg(II)and Fe(III) exhibited a quench effect on the fluorescence intensity of the prepared NSs. Both of the two kinds of the multicoloured NSs showed a maximum fluorescence intensity at pH 7, while the fluorescence intensity decreased dramatically when they were put in an either acidic or basic environment (at pH 3 or 11). The cytotoxicity study of starch NSs showed that low cell cytotoxicity and 80% viability was found after 24 h incubation, when their concentration was less than 10 mg/mL. The study also showed the possibility of using the multicoloured starch NSs for mouse melanoma cells and guppy fish imaging.
Concord and Niagara Grape Juice and Their Phenolics Modify Intestinal Glucose Transport in a Coupled in Vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Human Intestinal Model
Authors: Moser Sydney , Lim Jongbin , Chegeni Mohammad , Wightman JoLynne , Hamaker Bruce , Ferruzzi Mario
Published: July 2016

While the potential of dietary phenolics to mitigate glycemic response has been proposed, the translation of these effects to phenolic rich foods such as 100% grape juice (GJ) remains unclear. Initial in vitro screening of GJ phenolic extracts from American grape varieties (V. labrusca; Niagara and Concord) suggested limited inhibitory capacity for amylase and α-glucosidase (6.2%–11.5% inhibition; p < 0.05). Separately, all GJ extracts (10–100 µM total phenolics) did reduce intestinal trans-epithelial transport of deuterated glucose (d7-glu) and fructose (d7-fru) by Caco-2 monolayers in a dose-dependent fashion, with 60 min d7-glu/d7-fru transport reduced 10%–38% by GJ extracts compared to control. To expand on these findings by assessing the ability of 100% GJ to modify starch digestion and glucose transport from a model starch-rich meal, 100% Niagara and Concord GJ samples were combined with a starch rich model meal (1:1 and 1:2 wt:wt) and glucose release and transport were assessed in a coupled in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model. Digestive release of glucose from the starch model meal was decreased when digested in the presence of GJs (5.9%–15% relative to sugar matched control). Furthermore, transport of d7-glu was reduced 10%–38% by digesta containing bioaccessible phenolics from Concord and Niagara GJ compared to control. These data suggest that phenolics present in 100% GJ may alter absorption of monosaccharides naturally present in 100% GJ and may potentially alter glycemic response if consumed with a starch rich meal.
Exploring the Relationship between Burn Severity Field Data and Very High Resolution GeoEye Images: The Case of the 2011 Evros Wildfire in Greece
Authors: Dragozi Eleni , Gitas Ioannis , Bajocco Sofia , Stavrakoudis Dimitris
Published: July 2016

Monitoring post-fire vegetation response using remotely-sensed images is a top priority for post-fire management. This study investigated the potential of very-high-resolution (VHR) GeoEye images on detecting the field-measured burn severity of a forest fire that occurred in Evros (Greece) during summer 2011. To do so, we analysed the role of topographic conditions and burn severity, as measured in the field immediately after the fire (2011) and one year after (2012) using the Composite Burn Index (CBI) for explaining the post-fire vegetation response, which is measured using VHR satellite imagery. To determine this relationship, we applied redundancy analysis (RDA), which allowed us to identify which satellite variables among VHR spectral bands and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) can better express the post-fire vegetation response. Results demonstrated that in the first year after the fire event, variations in the post-fire vegetation dynamics can be properly detected using the GeoEye VHR data. Furthermore, results showed that remotely-sensed NDVI-based variables are able to encapsulate burn severity variability over time. Our analysis showed that, in this specific case, burn severity variations are mildly affected by the topography, while the NDVI index, as inferred from VHR data, can be successfully used to monitor the short-term post-fire dynamics of the vegetation recovery.
Policy 2.0 Platform for Mobile Sensing and Incentivized Targeted Shifts in Mobility Behavior
Authors: Semanjski Ivana , Lopez Aguirre Angel , De Mol Johan , Gautama Sidharta
Published: July 2016

Sustainable mobility and smart mobility management play important roles in achieving smart cities’ goals. In this context we investigate the role of smartphones as mobility behavior sensors and evaluate the responsivity of different attitudinal profiles towards personalized route suggestion incentives delivered via mobile phones. The empirical results are based on mobile sensed data collected from more than 3400 people’s real life over a period of six months. The findings show which user profiles are most likely to accept such incentives and how likely they are to result in more sustainable mode choices. In addition we provide insights into tendencies towards accepting more sustainable route options for different trip purposes and illustrate smart city platform potential (for collection of mobility behavior data and delivery of incentives) as a tool for development of personalized mobility management campaigns and policies.
A Reliable TTP-Based Infrastructure with Low Sensor Resource Consumption for the Smart Home Multi-Platform
Authors: Kang Jungho , Kim Mansik , Park Jong
Published: July 2016

With the ICT technology making great progress in the smart home environment, the ubiquitous environment is rapidly emerging all over the world, but problems are also increasing proportionally to the rapid growth of the smart home market such as multiplatform heterogeneity and new security threats. In addition, the smart home sensors have so low computing resources that they cannot process complicated computation tasks, which is required to create a proper security environment. A service provider also faces overhead in processing data from a rapidly increasing number of sensors. This paper aimed to propose a scheme to build infrastructure in which communication entities can securely authenticate and design security channel with physically unclonable PUFs and the TTP that smart home communication entities can rely on. In addition, we analyze and evaluate the proposed scheme for security and performance and prove that it can build secure channels with low resources. Finally, we expect that the proposed scheme can be helpful for secure communication with low resources in future smart home multiplatforms.
Developing a Penetrometer-Based Mapping System for Visualizing Silage Bulk Density from the Bunker Silo Face
Authors: Li Menghua , Jungbluth Kerstin , Sun Yurui , Cheng Qiang , Maack Christian , Buescher Wolfgang , Lin Jianhui , Zhou Haiyang , Wang Zhongyi
Published: July 2016

For silage production, high bulk density (BD) is critical to minimize aerobic deterioration facilitated by oxygen intrusion. To precisely assess packing quality for bunker silos, there is a desire to visualize the BD distribution within the silage. In this study, a penetrometer-based mapping system was developed. The data processing included filtering of the penetration friction component (PFC) out of the penetration resistance (PR), transfer of the corrected penetration resistance (PRc) to BD, incorporation of Kriged interpolation for data expansion and map generation. The experiment was conducted in a maize bunker silo (width: 8 m, middle height: 3 m). The BD distributions near the bunker silo face were represented using two map groups, one related to horizontal- and the other to vertical-density distribution patterns. We also presented a comparison between the map-based BD results and core sampling data. Agreement between the two measurement approaches (RMSE = 19.175 kg·m−3) demonstrates that the developed penetrometer mapping system may be beneficial for rapid assessment of aerobic deterioration potential in bunker silos.
Correction: Vázquez-Arellano, M., et al. 3-D Imaging Systems for Agricultural Applications—A Review. Sensors 2016, 16, 618
Authors: Vázquez-Arellano Manuel , Griepentrog Hans , Reiser David , Paraforos Dimitris
Published: July 2016

The authors wish to make the following corrections to Table 1 of the title paper [1]: the working environment of the PlantEye platform should be changed from “Greenhouse” to “Open ﬁeld, Greenhouse” and the shadowing device of the Scanalyzer platform should be changed from “‘√” to “x”. [...]
Urban Heat Island Simulations in Guangzhou, China, Using the Coupled WRF/UCM Model with a Land Use Map Extracted from Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Chen Guang , Zhao Lihua , Mochida Akashi
Published: July 2016

The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with an Urban Canopy Model (UCM) was used for studying urban environmental issues. Because land use data employed in the WRF model do not agree with the current situation around Guangzhou, China, the performance of WRF/UCM with new land-use data extracted from Remote Sensing (RS) data was evaluated in early August 2012. Results from simulations reveal that experiments with the extracted data are capable of reasonable reproductions of the majority of the observed temporal characteristics of the 2-m temperature, and can capture the characteristics of Urban Heat Island (UHI). The “UCM_12” simulation, which employed the extracted land-use data with the WRF/UCM model, provided the best reproduction of the 2-m temperature data evolution and the smallest minimum absolute average error when compared with the other two experiments without coupled UCM. The contributions of various factors to the UHI effect were analyzed by comparing the energy equilibrium processes of “UCM_12” in urban and suburban areas. Analysis revealed that energy equilibrium processes with new land use data can explain the diurnal character of the UHI intensity variation. Furthermore, land use data extracted from RS can be used to simulate the UHI.
Challenges in Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Management: A Profitability Assessment in Three European Countries
Authors: D’Adamo Idiano , Rosa Paolo , Terzi Sergio
Published: July 2016

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is known as an important source of secondary raw materials. Since decades, its treatment allowed to recover great amounts of basic resources. However, the management of electronic components embedded in WEEE still presents many challenges. The purpose of the paper is to cope with some of these challenges through the definition of an economic model able to identify the presence of profitability within the recovery process of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). To this aim, a set of common economic indexes is used within the paper. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis on a set of critical variables is conducted to evaluate their impact on the results. Finally, the combination of predicted WEEE volumes (collected during the 2015–2030 period) in three European countries (Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom) and related economic indexes quantify the potential advantage coming from the recovery of this kind of waste in the next future.
Plasmalogen enrichment in exosomes secreted by a nematode parasite versus those derived from its mouse host: implications for exosome stability and biology
Authors: Simbari Fabio , McCaskill Jana , Coakley Gillian , Millar Marissa , Maizels Rick M. , Fabriás Gemma , Casas Josefina , Buck Amy H.
Published: July 2016

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate communication between cells and organisms across all 3 kingdoms of life. Several reports have demonstrated that EVs can transfer molecules between phylogenetically diverse species and can be used by parasites to alter the properties of the host environment. Whilst the concept of vesicle secretion and uptake is broad reaching, the molecular composition of these complexes is expected to be diverse based on the physiology and environmental niche of different organisms. Exosomes are one class of EVs originally defined based on their endocytic origin, as these derive from multivesicular bodies that then fuse with the plasma membrane releasing them into the extracellular environment. The term exosome has also been used to describe any small EVs recovered by high‐speed ultracentrifugation, irrespective of origin since this is not always well characterized. Here, we use comparative global lipidomic analysis to examine the composition of EVs, which we term exosomes, that are secreted by the gastrointestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, in relation to exosomes secreted by cells of its murine host. Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) analysis reveals a 9‐ to 62‐fold enrichment of plasmalogens, as well as other classes of ether glycerophospholipids, along with a relative lack of cholesterol and sphingomyelin (SM) in the nematode exosomes compared with those secreted by murine cells. Biophysical analyses of the membrane dynamics of these exosomes demonstrate increased rigidity in those from the nematode, and parallel studies with synthetic vesicles support a role of plasmalogens in stabilizing the membrane structure. These results suggest that nematodes can maintain exosome membrane structure and integrity through increased plasmalogens, compensating for diminished levels of other lipids, including cholesterol and SM. This work also illuminates the prevalence of plasmalogens in some EVs, which has not been widely reported and could have implications for the biochemical or immunomodulatory properties of EVs. Further comparative analyses such as those described here will shed light on diversity in the molecular properties of EVs that enable them to function in cross‐species communication.
Bavay : Fouilles de l'aile sud des cryptoportiques campagne de 1989
Authors: Delmaire Roland , Loridant Frédéric
Published: July 2016

Within the framework of the Patrimonium Lawprovisions, excavation works, planned over a three year period, are being carried out on the Bavay forum. The first phase concerned the cryptoporches' south wing. The works, though not yet completed, allowed to fine-tune the history of this part of the forum in the Lower Empire. From ca. 275, the south wing of the cryptoporches was used as a dumping site and this lasted until at least year 360 {terminus post quern supplied by moneys). Then it was filled up probably in order to create an intervallum, sort of no man's land between the city walls and assumed dwellings (traces of hypocausts).
Dioscures ou dadophores ? A propos des sculptures «mithriaques» et du «Mithraeum» de Boulogne-sur-Mer. Présence des cultes orientaux à Boulogne et en Morinie
Authors: Belot Eric
Published: July 2016

The sculptures dug out in 1826 in the Grande Rue in Boulogne-sur-Mer and known since 1884 as Dadophores of the Mithra cult, represent in reality the Dioscures, Castor and Pollux, protectors of the soldiers and sailors. This new identification deprives the more than centenary assumption of the localization of a mithraeum on the spot of the discovery, «opposite the ancient Museum», in the Grande Rue of any validity.

This re-interpretation must not however lead us to believe in the absence of oriental cults in Boulogne and in the Morinie : the analysis of the archaeological collections of the Castle Museum yields indeed tokens, often hitherto unpublished, of the actual presence of the oriental religions.
Quentovic : état des recherches
Authors: Leman Pierre
Published: July 2016

Suite à une intense campagne de prospections, une équipe d'archéologues de l'Université de Manchester a réussi à repérer un vaste gisement archéologique au lieu-dit «Visemaretz» au sud de la Canche entre Montreuil et Etaples.

Plusieurs indices ont été retenus afin de délimiter cette zone : niveau d'occupation riche en objets carolingiens, délimitation du secteur épargné par les inondations des hautes eaux de la Canche en hiver, digue- rempart au nord.

Parmi les objets mis au jour, notons la présence de poteries, de morceaux d'ambre et d'une monnaie de type «Sceatta». Le secteur étudié occupe une surface de près de 50 hectares, ce qui correspond à la surface de Dorestad ou de Haitabu.

Des fouilles intensives seront nécessaires pour trouver les lieux d'habitats et d'embarquement, preuve définitive de l'emplacement de Quentovic.
La reconstruction de Dunkerque après la Florence Benedict seconde guerre mondiale.
Authors: Ménager Bernard , Benedict Florence
Published: July 2016

Dunkerque a été victime avant tout des combats de 1940 qui ont rasé la ville à 82 % et d'une libération plus tardive qu'ailleurs. L'élaboration du plan de reconstruction est tardif, le rôle essentiel incombe à l'urbaniste en chef Théodore Levreau qui tint compte malgré tout de certaines réactions de l'administration municipale et des sinistrés. Le plan approuvé finalement le 24 mars 1949 s'inspire de l'idée du grand Dunkerque et distingue la zone portuaire et industrielle de la zone d'habitations où alternent immeubles collectifs et quartiers résidentiels, l'importance des premiers ayant été contenue pour tenir compte des réticences locales. De même l'ancienne voirie a dans l'ensemble été conservée tout en bénéficiant d'améliorations en raison de l'urgence des travaux et des modifications déjà réalisées lors du démantèlement de l'entre- deux-guerres. La reconstruction de Dunkerque fut lente, on accorda la priorité au port et il faut attendre les années 60 pour que les principaux objectifs soient réalisés. Il en résulte une anémie du centre ville incapable de canaliser la croissance démographique de l'agglomération des années 60 qui profita aux communes périphériques.
La reconstruction de Boulogne-sur-Mer après la seconde guerre mondiale.
Authors: Mégret Emmanuel
Published: July 2016

Depuis l'époque romaine, Boulogne-sur-mer a vu se dérouler de nombreux conflits dont le plus grand est sans nul doute la seconde guerre mondiale. Elle a laissé la ville exangue de ses habitants et de ses murs à plus de 80 %.

Après la libération du pays en 1945, les pouvoirs publics décident de relever l'agglomération. Pendant plus de 20 ans, les boulonnais vont connaître la reconstruction sous la direction de Monsieur Pierre Vivien. D'une ville resserrée sur elle-même, avec des rues petites et des réseaux insuffisants ; les boulonnais vont hériter de larges rues, d'installations modernes comme la gare maritime, l'hôpital et les deux lycées. De nouvelles zones urbaines adaptées aux normes techniques et bénéficiant du confort de l'époque sont aussi édifiées.

Boulogne-sur-Mer a su profiter de l'élan de l'après-guerre pour évoluer d'une image traditionnelle de ville de pêcheurs vers une image moderne de premier port de pêche de France.
The EIMS fragmentation mechanisms of the sesquiterpenes corvol ethers A and B, epi-cubebol and isodauc-8-en-11-ol
Authors: Rabe Patrick , Dickschat Jeroen S
Published: July 2016

Farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) and all fifteen positional isomers of (13C1)FPP were enzymatically converted by the bacterial terpene cyclases corvol ether synthase from Kitasatospora setae, the epi-cubebol synthase from Streptosporangium roseum, and the isodauc-8-en-11-ol synthase from Streptomyces venezuelae. The enzyme products were analysed by GC–MS and GC–QTOF MS2 and the obtained data were used to delineate the EIMS fragmentation mechanisms of the two sesquiterpene ethers corvol ethers A and B, and the sesquiterpene alcohols epi-cubebol and isodauc-8-en-11-ol.
THE NEW ECLIPSING CV MASTER OTJ192328.22+612413.5—A POSSIBLE SW SEXTANTIS STAR
Authors: Kennedy M. R. , Callanan P. , Garnavich P. M. , Szkody P. , Bouanane S. , Rose B. M. , Bendjoya P. , Abe L. , Rivet J. P. , Suarez O.
Published: July 2016

We present optical photometry and spectroscopy of the new eclipsing cataclysmic variable MASTER OTJ192328.22+612413.5, discovered by the MASTER team. We find the orbital period to be P = 0.16764612(5) day/4.023507(1) hr. The depth of the eclipse (2.9 ± 0.1 mag) suggests that the system is nearly edge on, and modeling of the system confirms the inclination to be between 81.°3 and 83.°6. The brightness outside the eclipse varies between observations, with a change of 1.6 ± 0.1 mag. Spectroscopy reveals double-peaked Balmer emission lines. By using spectral features matching a late M-type companion, we bound the distance to be 750 ± 250 pc, depending on the companion’s spectral type. The source displays 2 mag brightness changes on timescales of days. The amplitude of these changes, along with the spectrum at the faint state, suggest that the system is possibly a dwarf nova. The lack of any high-excitation He ii lines suggests that this system is not magnetically dominated. The light curve in both quiescence and outburst resembles that of Lanning 386, implying MASTER OTJ192328.22+612413.5 is a possible cross between a dwarf nova and a SW Sextantis star.
FIRST-ORDER COSMOLOGICAL PERTURBATIONS ENGENDERED BY POINT-LIKE MASSES
Authors: Eingorn Maxim
Published: July 2016

In the framework of the concordance cosmological model, the first-order scalar and vector perturbations of the homogeneous background are derived in the weak gravitational field limit without any supplementary approximations. The sources of these perturbations (inhomogeneities) are presented in the discrete form of a system of separate point-like gravitating masses. The expressions found for the metric corrections are valid at all (sub-horizon and super-horizon) scales and converge at all points except at the locations of the sources. The average values of these metric corrections are zero (thus, first-order backreaction effects are absent). Both the Minkowski background limit and the Newtonian cosmological approximation are reached under certain well-defined conditions. An important feature of the velocity-independent part of the scalar perturbation is revealed: up to an additive constant, this part represents a sum of Yukawa potentials produced by inhomogeneities with the same finite time-dependent Yukawa interaction range. The suggested connection between this range and the homogeneity scale is briefly discussed along with other possible physical implications.
A FUNDAMENTAL PLANE FOR LONG GAMMA-RAY BURSTS WITH X-RAY PLATEAUS
Authors: Dainotti M. G. , Postnikov S. , Hernandez X. , Ostrowski M.
Published: July 2016

A class of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) presenting light curves with an extended plateau phase in their X-ray afterglows obeys a correlation between the rest-frame end-time of the plateau, T

a
, and its corresponding X-ray luminosity, L

a
, (Dainotti et al). In this work we perform an analysis of a total sample of 176 Swift GRBs with known redshifts, exhibiting afterglow plateaus. By adding a third parameter that is the peak luminosity in the prompt emission, L
peak, we discover the existence of a new three-parameter correlation. The scatter of data about this plane becomes smaller when a class-specific GRB sample is defined. This sample of 122 GRBs is selected from the total sample by excluding GRBs with associated supernovae (SNe), X-ray flashes and short GRBs with extended emission. With this sample the three-parameter correlation identifies a GRB “fundamental plane.” Moreover, we further limit our analysis to GRBs with light curves with good data coverage and almost flat plateaus, 40 GRBs forming our “gold sample.” The intrinsic scatter,

, for the three-parameter correlation for this last sub-class is more than two times smaller than the value for the

one, making this the tightest three-parameter correlation that involves the afterglow plateau phase. Finally, we also show that a slightly less tight correlation is present between L
peak and a proxy for the total energy emitted during the plateau phase,

, confirming the existence of an energy scaling between the prompt and afterglow phases.
Coordonner pour faire évoluer la relation thérapeutique : étude des « rapports sociaux d’usage » dans les réseaux de santé
Authors: Hervouet Lucile
Published: July 2016

La question de l’évaluation des réseaux de santé a été documentée par des travaux qui étudient les effets de la coordination principalement auprès des professionnels de santé. Cet article propose de se placer du point de vue des malades, en se demandant dans quelle mesure les réseaux de santé contribuent à la mutation de la relation thérapeutique vers un modèle « partenarial et équilibré » (Routelous, 2005) incarné par la figure de l’usager. Pour ce faire, nous nous intéressons au cas des réseaux de santé en cancérologie et nous adoptons une démarche qualitative, mobilisant des entretiens semi-directifs (54) auprès de membres professionnels de réseaux de santé, de malades atteints de cancer et de proches de malades. En nous appuyant sur l’approche en termes de « rapports sociaux d’usage » proposée par M. Chauvière, nous montrons que l’usager n’est pas une catégorie administrative neutre. La relation d’usage est fondée sur un échange : le réseau contribue à l’autonomisation de l’usager en lui octroyant des ressources notamment informationnelles et, en retour, l’usager est une source de légitimation pour le réseau lorsque ce dernier s’exprime au nom du bien-être de l’usager. L’ambigüité de la référence à l’usager est finalement mise en évidence, entre source d’émancipation d’une part et contrôle social à travers la norme de participation de l’usager d’autre part.
Les formes d’agir dans la gouvernance des maisons de santé
Authors: Beaucourt Christel , Roux Laëtitia
Published: July 2016

Les maisons de santé ont été initiées pour promouvoir une nouvelle approche de la santé et des relations avec les usagers. Au sein de ces maisons, les professionnels associés ont alors construit des modalités de gouvernance facilitant la coordination de leurs différentes logiques d’action. Tout cela a produit ici ou là des dynamiques collectives plus ou moins innovantes sans nécessairement modifier les modes de relations entre professionnels et avec les usagers. Là où nous avons pu voir émerger des relations nouvelles, c’est lorsque la dimension politique a été intégrée dans la gouvernance des maisons de santé. C’est ce travail d’observation et d’analyse (à partir d’une études de cas approfondie) que nous présentons dans l’article qui suit. Après avoir caractérisé les formes d’agir stratégique dans les maisons de santé, et montrer les limites d’une approche de la gouvernance vue comme un processus de régulation entre ces agirs pluriels et évolutifs, nous complétons cette lecture en faisant émerger la place d’un agir que nous nommons « politique » dans ces nouvelles organisations de santé.