bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nontargeted Metabolomics Revealed Novel Association Between Serum Metabolites and Incident Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Qiu Gaokun , Lin Yuhui , Ouyang Yang , You Mingrong , Zhao Xinjie , Wang Hao , Niu Rundong , Li Wending , Xu Xuedan , Yan Qi , Liu Yurong , Li Yingmei , Yang Handong , Li Xiulou , He Meian , Zhang Xiaomin , Shu Xiao‐Ou , Xu Guowang , Wu Tangchun
Published: June 2023

Background

This study was performed to identify metabolites associated with incident acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and explore causality of the associations.

Methods and Results

We performed nontargeted metabolomics in a nested case‐control study in the Dongfeng‐Tongji cohort, including 500 incident ACS cases and 500 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Three metabolites, including a novel one (aspartylphenylalanine), and 1,5‐anhydro‐
d
‐glucitol (1,5‐AG) and tetracosanoic acid, were identified as associated with ACS risk, among which aspartylphenylalanine is a degradation product of the gut‐brain peptide cholecystokinin‐8 rather than angiotensin by the angiotensin‐converting enzyme (odds ratio [OR] per SD increase [95% CI], 1.29 [1.13–1.48]; false discovery rate–adjusted
P
=0.025), 1,5‐AG is a marker of short‐term glycemic excursions (OR per SD increase [95% CI], 0.75 [0.64–to 0.87]; false discovery rate–adjusted
P
=0.025), and tetracosanoic acid is a very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acid (OR per SD increase [95% CI], 1.26 [1.10–1.45]; false discovery rate–adjusted
P
=0.091). Similar associations of 1,5‐AG (OR per SD increase [95% CI], 0.77 [0.61–0.97]) and tetracosanoic acid (OR per SD increase [95% CI], 1.32 [1.06–1.67]) with coronary artery disease risk were observed in a subsample from an independent cohort (152 and 96 incident cases, respectively). Associations of aspartylphenylalanine and tetracosanoic acid were independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (
P
‐trend=0.015 and 0.034, respectively). Furthermore, the association of aspartylphenylalanine was mediated by 13.92% from hypertension and 27.39% from dyslipidemia (
P
<0.05), supported by its causal links with hypertension (
P
<0.05) and hypertriglyceridemia (
P
=0.077) in Mendelian randomization analysis. The association of 1,5‐AG with ACS risk was 37.99% mediated from fasting glucose, and genetically predicted 1,5‐AG level was negatively associated with ACS risk (OR per SD increase [95% CI], 0.57 [0.33–0.96],
P
=0.036), yet the association was nonsignificant when further adjusting for fasting glucose.

Conclusions

These findings highlighted novel angiotensin‐independent involvement of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme in ACS cause, and the importance of glycemic excursions and very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acid metabolism.
Eligibility for the 4 Pharmacological Pillars in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction at Discharge
Authors: D'Amario Domenico , Rodolico Daniele , Delvinioti Agni , Laborante Renzo , Iacomini Chiara , Masciocchi Carlotta , Restivo Attilio , Ciliberti Giuseppe , Galli Mattia , Paglianiti Antonio Donato , Iaconelli Antonio , Zito Andrea , Lenkowicz Jacopo , Patarnello Stefano , Cesario Alfredo , Valentini Vincenzo , Crea Filippo
Published: June 2023

Background

Guidelines recommend using multiple drugs in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction, but there is a paucity of real‐world data on the simultaneous initiation of the 4 pharmacological pillars at discharge after a decompensation event.

Methods and Results

A retrospective data mart, including patients diagnosed with HF, was implemented. Consecutively admitted patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction were selected through an automated approach and categorized according to the number/type of treatments prescribed at discharge. The prevalence of contraindications and cautions for HF with reduced ejection fraction treatments was systematically assessed. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess predictors of the number of treatments (≥2 versus <2 drugs) prescribed and the risk of rehospitalization.

A population of 305 patients with a first episode of HF hospitalization and a diagnosis of HF with reduced ejection fraction (ejection fraction, <40%) was selected. At discharge, 49.2% received 2 current recommended drugs, β‐blockers were prescribed in 93.4%, while a renin‐angiotensin system inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor was prescribed in 68.2%. A mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist was prescribed in 32.5%, although none of the patients showed contraindications to mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist prescription. A sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor could be prescribed in 71.1% of patients. On the basis of current recommendations, 46.2% could receive the 4 foundational drugs at discharge. Renal dysfunction was associated with <2 foundational drugs prescribed. After adjusting for age and renal function, use of ≥2 drugs was associated with lower risk of rehospitalization during the 30 days after discharge.

Conclusions

A quadruple therapy could be directly implementable at discharge, potentially providing prognostic advantages. Renal dysfunction was the main prevalent condition limiting this approach.
Persistence and Adherence to Cardiovascular Medicines in Australia
Authors: de Oliveira Costa Juliana , Lin Jialing , Pearson Sallie‐Anne , Buckley Nicholas A. , Schaffer Andrea L. , Falster Michael O.
Published: June 2023

Background

The burden of cardiovascular disease is increasing, with many people treated for multiple cardiovascular conditions. We examined persistence and adherence to medicines for cardiovascular disease treatment or prevention in Australia.

Methods and Results

Using national dispensing claims for a 10% random sample of people, we identified adults (≥18 years) initiating antihypertensives, statins, oral anticoagulants, or antiplatelets in 2018. We measured persistence to therapy using a 60‐day permissible gap, and adherence using the proportion of days covered up to 3 years from initiation, and from first to last dispensing. We reported outcomes by age, sex, and cardiovascular multimedicine use. We identified 83 687 people initiating antihypertensives (n=37 941), statins (n=34 582), oral anticoagulants (n=15 435), or antiplatelets (n=7726). Around one‐fifth of people discontinued therapy within 90 days, with 50% discontinuing within the first year. Although many people achieved high adherence (proportion of days covered ≥80%) within the first year, these rates were higher when measured from first to last dispensing (40.5% and 53.2% for statins; 55.6% and 80.5% for antiplatelets, respectively). Persistence was low at 3 years (17.5% antiplatelets to 37.3% anticoagulants). Persistence and adherence increased with age, with minor differences by sex. Over one‐third of people had cardiovascular multimedicine use (reaching 92% among antiplatelet users): they had higher persistence and adherence than people using medicines from only 1 cardiovascular group.

Conclusions

Persistence to cardiovascular medicines decreases substantially following initiation, but adherence remains high while people are using therapy. Cardiovascular multimedicine use is common, and people using multiple cardiovascular medicines have higher rates of persistence and adherence.
Pericytes Are Not Associated With Reduced Capillary Perfusion After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Schwarting Julian , Nehrkorn Katrin , Harapan Biyan Nathanael , Balbi Matilde , Terpolilli Nicole A. , Plesnila Nikolaus
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by an acute reduction of cerebral blood flow and subsequent cortical infarcts, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Since pericytes regulate cerebral perfusion on the capillary level, we hypothesize that pericytes may reduce cerebral perfusion after SAH.

METHODS:

Pericytes and vessel diameters of cerebral microvessels were imaged in vivo using NG2 (neuron-glial antigen 2) reporter mice and 2-photon microscopy before and 3 hours after sham surgery or induction of SAH by perforating the middle cerebral artery with an intraluminal filament. Twenty-four hours after, SAH pericyte density was assessed by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS:

SAH caused pearl-string-like constrictions of pial arterioles, slowed down blood flow velocity in pial arterioles by 50%, and reduced the volume of intraparenchymal arterioles and capillaries by up to 70% but did not affect pericyte density or induce capillary constriction by pericytes.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results suggest that perfusion deficits after SAH are not induced by pericyte-mediated capillary constrictions.
Individual Alpha Frequency Contributes to the Precision of Human Visual Processing
Authors: Tarasi Luca , Romei Vincenzo
Published: June 2023

Brain oscillatory activity within the alpha band has been associated with a wide range of processes encompassing perception, memory, decision-making, and overall cognitive functioning. Individual alpha frequency (IAF) is a specific parameter accounting for the mean velocity of the alpha cycling activity, conventionally ranging between ∼7 and ∼13 Hz. One influential hypothesis has proposed a fundamental role of this cycling activity in the segmentation of sensory input and in the regulation of the speed of sensory processing, with faster alpha oscillations resulting in greater temporal resolution and more refined perceptual experience. However, although several recent theoretical and empirical studies would support this account, contradictory evidence suggests caution and more systematic approaches in the assessment and interpretation of this hypothesis. For example, it remains to be explored to what degree IAF shapes perceptual outcomes. In the present study, we investigated whether inter-individual differences in bias-free visual contrast detection threshold in a large sample of individuals in the general population (n = 122) could be explained by inter-individual differences in alpha pace. Our results show that the contrast needed to correctly identify target stimuli (individual perceptual threshold) is associated with alpha peak frequency (not amplitude). Specifically, individuals who require reduced contrast show higher IAF than individuals requiring higher contrasts. This suggests that inter-individual differences in alpha frequency contribute to performance variability in low-level perceptual tasks, supporting the hypothesis that IAF underlies a fundamental temporal sampling mechanism that shapes visual objective performance, with higher frequencies promoting enhanced sensory evidence per time unit.
From the Tian Shan to Crimea: Dynamics of Plague Spread during the Early Stages of the Black Death, 1338–46
Authors: Slavin Philip
Published: June 2023

The present paper aims to reconstruct tentative ways, in which the Black Death (the first wave of the Second Plague Pandemic) spread from its now-established home in the Tian Shan region to Western Eurasia between c.1338/41 and 1346. On the basis of all the available evidence—textual, palaeogenetic, archaeological, topographic, numismatic and palaeoclimatalogical—the article argues for two phases of the plague spread: (1) the slow phase of c.1338/41–45, hindered by political and commercial crises in the Mongol Empire, but especially the Chaghadaid khanate, as well as by local environmental conditions and (2) the fast phase of 1345–6, once the plague reached the territories of the Golden Horde. As it will be argued, commercial networks, both long-distance and local, across long-distance trade routes (so-called ‘Silk Roads’) played a paramount role in facilitating the spread of the plague. Although not claiming to have solved the mystery of the westbound plague spread, the paper aims to provide a first full-scale study of this kind, raising new research questions and forming a starting point for future research.
From nestling to adult: personality traits are consistent within but not across life stages in a wild songbird
Authors: Katsis Andrew C. , Common Lauren K. , Hauber Mark E. , Colombelli-Négrel Diane , Kleindorfer Sonia
Published: June 2023

Personality traits can remain consistent throughout adult life, but it is less clear when these behavioural differences first arise and whether they are maintained across ontogenetic stages. We measured personality across three life stages (nestling, fledgling, and adult) in a wild population of superb fairy-wrens (Malurus cyaneus). We assessed (1) boldness (response to human handling, at all three stages), (2) exploration (response to a novel environment, in fledglings and adults) and (3) aggressiveness (response to mirror-image stimulation, in fledglings and adults). Personality differences were often consistent within life stages but never across them: specifically, aggressiveness was repeatable in fledglings and all three traits were repeatable in adults. We had insufficient statistical evidence for the presence of behavioural syndromes between any of our three personality traits, either at the fledgling or adult stages. Our results suggest that long-term personality traits may not become entrenched until adulthood in this species.
Can you Hear me? Problematising the Enactment of uncrc Article 12 in Welsh Early Years Classrooms
Authors: Chicken Sarah , Tyrie Jacky
Published: June 2023

This paper explores teacher enactment of the uncrc Article 12, a child’s right to participate and give their view within the context of Welsh early years settings (children aged three to seven). A rights-based perspective is adopted in which children are positioned as agentic and active meaning makers.

Qualitative data was generated via observations, interviews and documentary analysis with data from three teachers presented here. Findings suggest that teachers’ enactment of a participation was complex and shaped by particular constructions of children and associated understandings of teachers’ role. Children’s voice and agency were bounded by place, time and teacher expectations of children. Whilst some practices appeared to limit opportunities for children’s voice, children often subtly took back control from teachers, thus demonstrating children as agentic beings. In order fully to actualise a children’s right agenda within Welsh settings, we call for a reconceptualisation of constructions of children and subsequent constructions of teachers.
“The Child Needs to Tell it to Me in Words”
Authors: Ramaswamy Sheila , Devgun Meetali , Seshadri Shekhar , Bunders-Aelen Joske
Published: June 2023

Much research on child witnesses in child sexual abuse trials is focused on children’s performance in legal proceedings. Witness competency, that is predicated on the adversarial justice system’s principle of orality, is core to child witness testimony, and is determined at the pre-trial stage. However, this article highlights the need to consider child witness competency as a dynamic concept, that varies in response to the ecologies of the trial processes as they unfold. Set in a low-middle-income country, this qualitative study describes and analyzes trial processes through a child-inclusive lens, identifying barriers and facilitators to child witness competency. The results were mixed, yielding three major conclusions for consideration: (i) the importance attributed to physical infrastructure, and the creation of vulnerable deposition rooms; (ii) the role of judicial discretion in issues of child witness competency and (iii) role of intermediaries, with regard to enhancing child witness competencies.
Carbon Border Adjustments: A Legal Tool for Mitigation or a Barrier to Justice?
Authors: Deane Felicity , Brockett Callum
Published: June 2023

For the past two decades scholars and policymakers have argued that carbon border adjustments (cbas) may remove the risk of carbon leakage. This article examines two of the legal and moral issues relevant to cbas to better understand how cbas may be implemented to support climate change mitigation goals. World Trade Organization compliance represents a conundrum for policymakers. Although a cba may prove meaningful for greenhouse gas emission reduction, it could also lead to trade tensions if viewed as a disguised restriction on international trade. The impact of cbas on Global South nations also presents a concern in terms of fairness and climate justice. In this respect, in addition to undesirable economic impacts, it is increasingly accepted that support must be provided to least-developed countries in order to achieve global net-zero emission targets. cbas do not necessarily provide this. Ultimately, there are pathways forward to ensure that trade tensions are minimized and fairness and equity are achieved in implementing cbas. As action on climate change mitigation is urgent, this pathway forward must be carefully but rapidly navigated.
Robustness of the Stochastic Parameterization of Subgrid-Scale Wind Variability in Sea Surface Fluxes
Authors: Endo Kota , Monahan Adam H. , Bessac Julie , Christensen Hannah M. , Weitzel Nils
Published: June 2023

High-resolution numerical models have been used to develop statistical models of the enhancement of sea surface fluxes resulting from spatial variability of sea surface wind. In particular, studies have shown that flux enhancement is not a deterministic function of the resolved state. Previous studies focused on single geographical areas or used a single high-resolution numerical model. This study extends the development of such statistical models by considering six different high-resolution models, four different geographical regions, and three different 10-day periods, allowing for a systematic investigation of the robustness of both the deterministic and stochastic parts of the data-driven parameterization. Results indicate that the deterministic part, based on regressing the unresolved normalized flux onto resolved-scale normalized flux and precipitation, is broadly robust across different models, regions, and time periods. The statistical features of the stochastic part of the model (spatial and temporal autocorrelation and parameters of a Gaussian process fit to the regression residual) are also found to be robust and not strongly sensitive to the underlying model, modeled geographical region, or time period studied. Best-fit Gaussian process parameters display robust spatial heterogeneity across models, indicating potential for improvements to the statistical model. These results illustrate the potential for the development of a generic, explicitly stochastic parameterization of sea surface flux enhancements dependent on wind variability.
Evaluation of an Improved AROME Configuration for Fog Forecasts during the SOFOG3D Campaign
Authors: Antoine Salomé , Honnert Rachel , Seity Yann , Vié Benoît , Burnet Frédéric , Martinet Pauline
Published: June 2023

This paper evaluates fog forecasts of a new AROME configuration dedicated to fog thanks to observations of the recent field campaign SOuth westFOGs 3Dimensions (SOFOG3D). This new configuration takes advantage of an upgraded horizontal and vertical resolution of a two-moment microphysical scheme [Liquid Ice Multiple Aerosols (LIMA)], and of the inclusion of a parameterization of the droplet’s deposition onto vegetation. A statistical study conducted over the 6 months of the SOFOG3D field campaign allowed the evaluation of the quality of fog forecasts produced by this new configuration to compare it to the current operational configuration of AROME. The main findings are as follows: the new configuration forecasts more fog events, with a few more false alarms, but improved the amount of fog events with low top height and with a low water content, underestimated by the reference configuration. The importance of the first level height for a good representation of the first few meters above the ground is crucial to improve the fog formation forecast. A delay of fog dissipation in the morning was highlighted in operational simulations and slightly reduced thanks to LIMA. This two-moment scheme produced thinner fogs, with less water content. These are more realistic, compared with observations, and thinner fog is also easier for solar radiation to dissipate.
Innovation Competition and Innovation Effects in Horizontal Mergers: Theory and Practice in the United States and European Commission
Authors: Lyra Marcos Puccioni de Oliveira , Pires-Alves Camila Cabral
Published: June 2023

This article discusses the assessment of potential negative effects on innovation in horizontal mergers within the United States and the European Commission Merger Control. It explores the theoretical background and practice. First, the article draws principles from the literature review on propositions to assess innovation competition cases. Second, it presents official documents and literature on the case law to study the jurisdictions’ experiences. In addition, selected case studies are analyzed, establishing connections to the theoretical principles and practice. The case studies include (1) Takeda/Shire (EC-2018), (2) AbbVie/Allergan (EC-2020), and (3) Sabre/Farelogix (DoJ-2019). The article concludes that there have been improvements, particularly in the assessment of overlaps in firms’ capabilities.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Death Anxiety During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Patra Indrajit , Muda Iskandar , Ketut Acwin Dwijendra Ngakan , Najm Mazin AA. , Hamoud Alshahrani Shadia , Sajad Kadhim Samah , Hameed Noora M. , Alnassar Yasir S. , Mohammed Naseer M. , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Shojaeimotlagh Vahid
Published: June 2023

This systematic review was conducted to estimate the pooled score of death anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. All eligible articles from January 2020 to May 2022 reporting the death anxiety score were included in the analysis b.y searching the Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and ISI databases. The standard score of death anxiety in the COVID-19 pandemic was 50%. The highest score of death anxiety was related to patients with COVID-19 (59.4%), other chronic patients (58.9%), and the elderly (56.4%). The lowest death anxiety score was related to the general population (42.9%) and health care workers (48.2%). The death anxiety score in the studies whose data was collected in 2020 and 2021 was 51% and 62%, respectively. During the COVID-19 pandemic, people experienced high death anxiety, which had terrible effects on their lives. Therefore, it seems necessary to provide training courses to deal with death anxiety for other possible pandemics.
The Influence of Cultural Snapshots on Pre-service Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Death Education
Authors: Colomo-Magaña Ernesto , Cívico-Ariza Andrea , Basgall Lauren , Guillén-Gámez Francisco D.
Published: June 2023

Cultural snapshots may be a didactic resource that promotes the understanding of death and provides teachers with tools that can be used to work with students. This study aims to analyse pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards death education. A quantitative longitudinal panel design with pre-test and post-test measures was applied, with descriptive, inferential, and predictive approaches. The sample consisted of 161 pre-service primary teachers from a Spanish university who responded to the validated questionnaire “Death Education Attitudes Scale-Teachers” (DEAS-T). The results reveal an improvement in their attitudes towards death education after implementing cultural snapshots in class, producing significant differences between the pre-test and post-test according to gender, in favour of the male participants. The variables of death anxiety and adequate training are relevant for predicting the attitudes of both genders, in addition to the motivation variable in male participants and the variable of interest towards the topic in female participants.
Analysis of Clinical Efficacy and Influencing Factors of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Treatment for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Liang Zhengrong , Gao Minqian , Jia Haiying , Han Wenjing , Zheng Yiqing , Zhao Yunfeng , Yang Haidi
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study aims to examine the clinical efficacy and prognostic factors associated with nerve growth factor (NGF) treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL). Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 101 patients with moderate or more severe SSHL who underwent secondary treatment at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2019 and July 2020. Prior to treatment, all patients were assessed using Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), auditory brainstem response, otoacoustic emission, temporal bone computed tomography, or inner ear magnetic resonance imaging. Fifty-seven patients received conventional systemic treatment and served as the control group, while 44 patients received NGF in conjunction with conventional systemic treatment, forming the experimental group. PTA results were compared between the two groups before treatment and at 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 month post-treatment. Additionally, the impact of age, sex, affected side, hypertension, and other factors on patient prognosis was analyzed. Results: Both groups demonstrated significant PTA improvements following treatment, with a statistically significant difference ( P < .05). The hearing recovery effective rate in the control group was 42.1%, while that of the experimental group reached 70.5%, with a statistically significant difference between the groups ( P < .05). Most patients experienced notable hearing improvements 1 week after treatment, with some patients still showing progress 2 weeks post-treatment. Multifactor analysis revealed that hypertension and onset days were associated with treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Secondary treatment remains clinically significant for patients with SSHL who have not achieved a satisfactory response or show no clear improvement following initial treatment. The presence of hypertension and delayed treatment are negative factors related to treatment efficacy.
Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Nasal Dorsum of a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Chen Jingyu , Zhang Fan , Wang Li , Sun Di , Chen Xiumei
Published: June 2023

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare pediatric malignant tumor with a poor prognosis, and it is exceedingly rare for this tumor to manifest on the skin of the nasal dorsum. Therefore, timely and accurate treatment can improve the survival rate of patients. We reported a case of a 4 year-old child with acinar rhabdomyosarcoma of the nasal dorsum, and the patient was cured by surgery and postoperative chemotherapy without recurrence. This case report contributes to the understanding of this rare tumor.
The Effect of Fiscal Decentralization on Municipal Fiscal Condition: An Empirical Study of Large American Cities
Authors: Wang Xiaoheng , Cheng Jen-Chi
Published: June 2023

Local governments’ ability to sustain a healthy fiscal structure and meet service obligations is critical in avoiding financial hardship. This study empirically tests the effects of intrastate fiscal decentralization on municipal fiscal health that is measured by cash solvency, budget solvency, and long-run solvency. The two key variables, revenue decentralization and expenditure decentralization, are constructed to represent intrastate fiscal decentralization. The panel dataset includes 100 large U.S. cities and covers fiscal years 2007 through 2016, which encompasses periods before, during, and after the Great Recession started in 2008. The model estimation is based on a two-way fixed-effect panel regression. The results show that an increased degree of state-local revenue decentralization is significantly associated with higher long-term solvency, while an increased degree of state-local expenditure decentralization leads to higher levels of cash solvency and lower levels of long-term solvency.
Trajectories of Value Generation and Capturing by Public–Private Hybrids: Mechanisms of multi-level governance in healthcare
Authors: Cappellaro Giulia , Compagni Amelia , Dacin M. Tina
Published: June 2023

Our paper unpacks the multi-level process through which hybrids generate value in the long term. By combining interviews, archival and survey data, we examine the longitudinal trajectories of value generation of public–private hybrids (PPHs) established in the regionalized Italian healthcare system (1992–2018). We identify three ideal-type trajectories: (a) long-term value generation by stable PPHs; (b) long-term value generation by transient PPHs; and (c) interrupted value generation by terminated PPHs. We uncover how these trajectories are shaped by the interplay between regional governance arrangements – i.e. institutionally embedded norms regarding who is entitled to generate value for the field, the scope for organizational value capturing and the institutional monitoring system – and organizational governance mechanisms – i.e. the strategic orientation of individual PPHs and their internal monitoring functions. Our paper contributes to theory by conceptualizing the mechanism of ‘double filter’, which we define as the set of field- and organizational-level governance compensatory mechanisms that, together, allow long-term value generation by hybrids. We also problematize the relationship between hybrids’ value-generation capacities and the persistence of hybrid organizational forms, and ultimately trace it to different field governance arrangements. In so doing, we conceptualize ‘transient hybrids’ as a distinctive organizational form for long-term value generation.
Fugitive freedom and radical care: Towards a standpoint theory of normativity
Authors: Loick Daniel
Published: June 2023

Epistemic standpoint theories have elaborated the effects of social situatedness on epistemic competence: Dominant groups are regularly subject to epistemic blockages that limit the possibility of cognition and knowledge production. Oppressed groups, on the other hand, have access to perceptions and insights that dominant groups lack. This diagnosis can be generalized: Not only our epistemic, but also our normative relation to the world is socially situated, that is, our values, virtues, moral sentiments are shaped by relations of domination. In this article, my goal is to sketch the general outlines of a standpoint theory of normativity. I do so by engaging with two lines of tradition. First, I review conceptions of fugitive freedom in the Black Radical Tradition, before I recapitulate the feminist debate around the concept of care work. The counter-hegemonic norms theorized in these traditions can be brought into dialogue because they are both based on similar presuppositions, namely, political struggle provoked by social contradictions.
Arthroscopically-assisted retrieval of a fractured polyethylene Oxford knee meniscal bearing: a case report
Authors: Ventura Alberto , Borgo Enrico , Legnani Claudio
Published: June 2023

Fracture of a polyethylene insert in a knee prosthesis is an uncommon but severe complication resulting in an unstable and malfunctioning knee that requires revision surgery. The aim of this paper was to present our experience with a minimally-invasive option for retrieving a posteriorly-migrated fragment of a mobile tibial bearing, which is a rare complication. We describe the management of a case of breakage of an Oxford knee medial bearing. Half of the mobile bearing was retrieved from the suprapatellar recess, while the other half had migrated posteriorly to the femoral condyle and was retrieved through an arthroscopically-assisted approach with the help of a posteromedial port. At the follow-up, no further complaints were reported by the patient, and activities of daily living were possible without pain or limitations. This report of a breakage of the mobile bearing following Oxford knee medial prosthesis placement demonstrates that in the event of breakage of the bearing, an arthroscopically-assisted approach is safe in the removal of the bearing and allows its replacement.
Effectiveness of the ability to form mental images in Müller-Lyer optical illusions
Authors: Pérez-Fabello María José , Campos Alfredo
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to establish whether wing length and the ability to form spatial mental images and vivid images affected optical illusions obtained in the Müller-Lyer figures, both real and imagined. The study involved a group of 137 fine arts college students who were shown two forms of the Müller-Lyer figures with different wing length (15 and 45 mm). In the imagined situation, a plain horizontal line was presented, and participants were expected to imagine the arrowheads aligned in the same way as in the real situation. Discrepancies in the perception of the horizontal lines in the Müller-Lyer illusion (“Point of Subjective Equality”) were measured both in the real and imagined situation. Participants were then asked to complete the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire and the Measure of the Ability to Form Spatial Mental Imagery. It emerged that, in the condition of 45 mm wing length, participants were significantly more susceptible to the illusion than those in the condition of 15 mm wing length. Additionally, in the real situation, participants scoring high in spatial image were significantly more resistant to the illusion than those scoring low.
Surgical Stabilization for Recurrent Patellar Instability in Competitive Wrestlers: Outcomes, Reoperations, and Return to Play at 6-Year Mean Follow-up
Authors: Marigi Erick M. , Feroe Aliya G. , Smith John-Rudolph H. , Stuart Michael J. , Hevesi Mario , Camp Christopher L. , Krych Aaron J.
Published: June 2023

Background:

The extent to which recurrent patellar instability (RPI) affects wrestlers has not been thoroughly examined.

Purpose:

To assess return to wrestling (RTW), patient-reported outcomes, and reoperation rates after patellofemoral stabilization surgery (PFSS) for RPI in a cohort of competitive wrestlers.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

All competitive wrestlers with a history of RPI and subsequent PFSS performed at a single institution between 2000 and 2020 were identified. Primary PFSS procedures included medial patellofemoral (MPFL) reconstruction (n = 31; 50%); MPFL repair (n = 22; 35.5%); or other PFSS (n = 9; 14.5%), such as tibial tubercle osteotomy, lateral retinacular release, and/or medial retinacular reefing. Exclusion criteria included revision PFSS or concomitant anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction or multiligament knee injury. Surgical failure was defined as subsequent patellar dislocation despite operative management or need for secondary PFSS.

Results:

Ultimately, 62 knees in 56 wrestlers with a mean age of 17.0 years (range, 14.0-22.8 years) were included at a mean follow-up of 6.6 years (range, 2.0-18.8 years). RTW occurred in 55.3% of wrestlers at a mean ± SD 8.8 ± 6.7 months. Among PFSS types, no differences were observed in rates of RTW ( P = .676), postoperative pain ( P = .176), Tegner activity level ( P = .801), International Knee Documentation Committee ( P = .378), Lysholm ( P = .402), or Kujala scores ( P = .370). RPI was the most common postoperative complication (n = 13; 21.0%). MPFL reconstruction had the lowest rate of RPI (6.5% vs 27.3% [repair] vs 55.6% [other]; P = .005) and surgical failure (9.7% vs 31.8% [repair] vs 55.6% [other]; P = .008). Kaplan-Meier survivorship free from surgical failure of the entire cohort was 91.9% at 1 year, 77.7% at 5 years, and 65.7% at 15 years. MPFL reconstruction had the highest survivorship when compared with MPFL repair and other PFSS up to 10 years after the index surgery (90.3% vs 64.1% vs 27.8%; P = .048).

Conclusion:

RPI remains a concern for competitive wrestlers after PFSS. MPFL reconstruction may serve as a more durable surgical treatment option with lower rates of RPI and failure when compared with other PFSS procedures at up to 10 years after surgery.
Co-processing of solid recovered fuels from mixed municipal and commercial waste in the cement industry – A pathway to a circular economy
Authors: Sarc Renato , Viczek Sandra A
Published: June 2023

With global municipal solid waste generation increasing steadily, the importance of high-quality, environmentally friendly waste valorization methods is rising, too. Most countries have set themselves ambitious recycling goals and follow a waste hierarchy in which recycling is more preferable than energy recovery. This article focuses on a waste treatment option that already is an integral part of waste management in some countries and enables the simultaneous recovery of energy and mineral constituents: the production of solid recovered fuels (SRFs) from mixed municipal and commercial waste and their use in the cement industry is often referred to as co-processing. The state of the art of SRF production is described and the first comprehensive dataset for SRF samples including major constituents, heavy metal and metalloid contents, energy- and CO2-emission-relevant parameters, ash constituents and the material-recyclable share of SRF is presented. Additionally, a comparison with fossil fuels is given. It is concluded that SRF from state-of-the-art production plants complies with strict limit values for heavy metals, has an average biogenic carbon content of 60%, and its application in the cement industry can be considered as partial recycling (14.5%) and partial energy recovery (85.5%). Leaving no residues to be dealt with, co-processing of waste in the cement industry therefore offers many benefits and can support the shift from a linear to a circular economy.
Assessing the Psychometric Properties of STEAM Competence in Primary School Students: A Construct Measurement Study
Authors: Chen Shan , Ding Yuanzhao
Published: June 2023

In primary schools, the incorporation of STEAM education has become a widespread trend, as it is believed to have the potential to enhance the quality of education and foster students' competencies. This investigation aimed to explore the definition, measurement model, and scale of students' STEAM competence, emphasizing their hands-on experiences in STEAM education. A total of 1126 fourth to sixth-grade students participated in the survey and were examined to assess the reliability and validity of the STEAM competence scale developed based on previous studies and theoretical foundations. The results indicate that the scale is acceptable and that there are significant connections between various indicators as confirmed by path analysis. The study’s significance, limitations, and conclusions are also addressed.
Individual-Level Cultural Factors and Use of Survey Response Styles Among Latino Survey Respondents
Authors: Davis Rachel E. , Lee Sunghee , Johnson Timothy P. , Yu Wenshan , Reyes Ligia I. , Thrasher James F.
Published: June 2023

Acquiescent (ARS) and extreme response styles (ERS) can have detrimental effects on survey data and, for unknown reasons, are more frequently used by Latino than non-Latino white respondents. This exploratory study examined the influence of culture on these response styles by investigating their associations with individual-level cultural factors and ARS and ERS among 1,296 Mexican American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban American telephone survey respondents. Principal components representing stronger endorsement of marianismo/ machismo and social attentiveness ( simpatía, personalismo, respect for elders, value for sincerity, collectivism, individualism) were associated with higher ARS and ERS, while higher trust in strangers and more limited health literacy were associated with lower ERS. Findings from this study will enable survey designers to better anticipate ARS and ERS in surveys with Latino populations and, in turn, guide the selection of data collection and analysis methods to mitigate measurement error in the presence of these response styles.
Meta-analysis of Diurnal Transcriptomics in Mouse Liver Reveals Low Repeatability of Rhythm Analyses
Authors: Brooks Thomas G. , Manjrekar Aditi , Mrcˇela Antonijo , Grant Gregory R.
Published: June 2023

To assess the consistency of biological rhythms across studies, 57 public mouse liver tissue timeseries totaling 1096 RNA-seq samples were obtained and analyzed. Only the control groups of each study were included, to create comparable data. Technical factors in RNA-seq library preparation were the largest contributors to transcriptome-level differences, beyond biological or experiment-specific factors such as lighting conditions. Core clock genes were remarkably consistent in phase across all studies. Overlap of genes identified as rhythmic across studies was generally low, with no pair of studies having over 60% overlap. Distributions of phases of significant genes were remarkably inconsistent across studies, but the genes that consistently identified as rhythmic had acrophase clustering near ZT0 and ZT12. Despite the discrepancies between single-study analyses, cross-study analyses found substantial consistency. Running compareRhythms on each pair of studies identified a median of only 11% of the identified rhythmic genes as rhythmic in only 1 of the 2 studies. Data were integrated across studies in a joint and individual variance estimate (JIVE) analysis, which showed that the top 2 components of joint within-study variation are determined by time of day. A shape-invariant model with random effects was fit to the genes to identify the underlying shape of the rhythms, consistent across all studies, including identifying 72 genes with consistently multiple peaks.
Physical and Emotional Sibling Violence in Childhood and Attachment in Close Relationships in Adulthood
Authors: Perkins Nathan H. , Lees Erik R.
Published: June 2023

Despite the consequences of physical and emotional sibling violence, which can last into adulthood, research examining this form of family violence is minimal compared to child abuse, interpartner violence, and elder abuse. One area that has received scarce attention is the connection between physical and emotional sibling violence and attachment in close relationships in adulthood. This research study examines the association between physical and emotional sibling violence and adulthood attachment in a sample of 2,458 individuals who completed a survey on the sub-Reddit platform “/r/SampleSize: Where your opinions actually matter!” Participants completed items on demographics, frequency of physical and emotional behaviors experienced with a sibling in childhood, and adult attachment. Results found physical and emotional sibling violence in childhood to be associated with attachment in close relationships in adulthood. Frequency of physical and emotional sibling violence in childhood was also associated with comfortability with intimacy and closeness, comfortability of depending and relying on others, and concerns of abandonment and rejection by others in adulthood. The findings underscore the need to not only include physical and emotional sibling violence in future research on attachment but also to examine the connection between these phenomena in diverse samples (ethnicity, sexual orientation). Also highlighted is the need for practitioners to assess sibling relationships when working with children, families, and adults experiencing attachment issues throughout the life course.
Associations Among Alcohol-Related Factors and Men’s Nonconsensual Condom Removal Perpetration
Authors: Chen Weiqi , Hammett Julia F. , Eldridge Nolan , Davis Kelly Cue
Published: June 2023

Nonconsensual condom removal (NCCR) is a form of sexual violence that a significant minority of men use to obtain unprotected sex. Experiencing NCCR is associated with serious physical and mental health consequences, such as sexually transmitted infections, unplanned pregnancies, anxiety, and depression. Alcohol use is known to be associated with sexual violence in general; however, limited research has been done on the association between alcohol-related factors and NCCR specifically. Thus, the present study examined the associations between event-level drinking, daily drinking, drinking motives, alcohol expectancies, and NCCR. Young, single, heterosexually active men ( N = 96) completed cross-sectional measures of their NCCR behavior, event-level drinking, drinking motives, and alcohol expectancies. A total of 19 (19.8%) participants reported successfully engaging in NCCR at least once since age 14. Results showed that consuming more alcohol during the event, having more highly intoxicated partners, drinking to enhance sex, and holding more negative alcohol expectancies were associated with increased likelihood of NCCR. To effectively decrease the rates of NCCR, prevention efforts could aim to decrease event-level alcohol consumption for both men and their partners and to challenge men’s beliefs regarding alcohol’s role in sexual behavior. Given the current study’s limitations, future studies should consider employing an ecological momentary assessment design to avoid recall bias and include more diverse samples to increase the generalizability of findings.
Influence of crystallographic effect on tool wear, cutting stress, cutting temperature, cutting force and subsurface damage in nano cutting of single crystal silicon carbide
Authors: Chen Dongju , He Yazhong , Pan Ri , Sun Kun
Published: June 2023

Single crystal 3C-SiC as a typical hard and brittle material. Due to its extremely high hardness and brittleness, diamond tools can have drastic wear problems in a short period of time when performing nano-machining processes. Single-crystal 3C-SiC has good anisotropy. In order to gain insight into the effect of crystal orientation on the tool wear behavior during nano-cutting, this paper investigated the tool wear for six cutting crystals downward using molecular dynamics simulation. The tool wear process was analyzed in terms of tool wear, cutting stress, cutting temperature, cutting force and subsurface damage. The results showed that the tool is subjected to large hydrostatic stress concentrations, radial forces and tool temperature concentrations during machining. Under these effects, abrasive wear, graphitic wear and amorphous phase change were produced. In addition, the clearance face of the tool is more severely worn than the rake face. By reasonably selecting the cutting crystal orientation, well control and improvement of tool wear and machined surface quality can be achieved.
A novel recognition method of shearer cutting status based on SDP image and MCK-DCNN
Authors: Li Futao , Wang Zhongbin , Si Lei , Wei Dong , Tan Chao , Wu Honglin
Published: June 2023

To solve the problem of large interference of shearer rocker arm vibration signal and difficulty in feature selection, and recognize accurately the cutting status of shearer, a novel pattern identification method based on Symmetrized Dot Pattern (SDP), Local Mean Decomposition (LMD) and Multi-Scale Convolution Kernel Deep Convolutional Neural Network (MCK-DCNN) is presented. Firstly, the vibration signal of shearer rocker arm is decomposed by LMD to get multiple product functions (PFs). The previous three PFs are transformed into SDP images with different features by SDP method, which are input into MCK-DCNN model to automatically extract features and identify shearer cutting status. The method can achieve the classification rate of 97.9%, which is superior to 1D_CNN and LeNet. The comparison result indicates that the method can provide technical support for improving the automatic coal cutting performance of the shearer.