bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
مرويات السمعاني في كتابه الانساب من كتاب تاريخ نيسابور (المفقود) للحاكم - جمع ودراسة
Authors: عبد القادر احمد يونس
Published: April 2023

يعد كتاب تاريخ نيسابور (المفقود) لأبي عبد الله الحاكم النيسابوري المتوفى سنة (405 هـ / 1014 م) أحد كتب التاريخ المحلي حيث يحتوي على معلومات عن مدينة نيسابور وعلمائها واعلامها وكذلك العلماء الذين دخلوا اليها واستقروا بها او طلبوا العلم والمعرفة وغادروها ويتكون الكتاب من ستة اجزاء او اثنا عشر جزءا كما ورد في أحد المصادر ويوجد منه الكثير من النصوص متناثرة في الكتب التاريخية والادبية وكتب الطبقات والتراجم. ومن هذه الكتب كتاب الانساب لعبد الكريم بن محمد بن منصور السمعاني المتوفى سنة (562 هـ / 1166 م) وقد آثرت ان اجمع هذه النصوص واجري عليها دراسة كي يكون اسهام في التعريف بهذا الكتاب المهم الذي يعد من كتب الطبقات والتراجم، وقد ترجم السمعاني عن الحاكم النيسابوري لأكثر من اربعين عالماً مختصا في العديد من العلوم منها علوم القرآن والحديث والفقه واللغة العربية وعلم الكلام والزهد والتصوف كما ذكر بعض المؤسسات العلمية والمباني العمرانية.ومن الضروري الاشارة الى ان هذا البحث بمثابة بداية او مساهمة لجمع هذا الكتاب المهم لكي يكون في متناول المختصين والمهتمين في هذا النوع من العلم والمعرفة.
Legal and Judicial Dealings with Artificial Intelligence as an Inventor
Authors:   Master of Information Technology and Intellectual Property Law, Sussex University, United Kingdom, Altayyar Abdullah
Published: April 2023

In this article associated with an opportunity for the court to consider whether artificial intelligence can be an inventor. In this case, the development of AI technology in the United States where AI has already become inventors and innovators. In this article, there are appropriate explanations for the development of artificial intelligence technology in which artificial intelligence technology has been used in various aspects. In this scenario, the detailed concept of artificial intelligence, which was used as an advanced technology in human life, took place. In this context, a legal and judicial approach was taken regarding the innovation of artificial intelligence, and the importance of the research is due to the fact that artificial intelligence has become a reality to a large extent in human life, and it was necessary to clarify whether it should be considered an inventor or not. The research aims to define artificial intelligence and Clarify whether artificial intelligence can be considered an inventor or not, and indicate how the law deals with the innovation of artificial intelligence, and indicate whether artificial intelligence should be considered an inventor? The research adopts the critical analysis approach with the concept of legal personality, artificial intelligence systems, and arguments related to whether artificial intelligence can be considered an inventor or not.
THE EFFECT OF METACOGNIFY MODEL ON EXPOSITION TEXT LEARNING IN CLASS VIII ISLAMIC HIGH SCHOOL ATHIRAH MAKASSAR
Authors: Isnaeni Lulu , Asri Aswati , Saleh Muhammad
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of metacognitive learning models in exposition text learning in class VIII SMP Islam Athirah Bukit Baruga Makassar with reference to student learning outcomes and student activities. The research method used is pre-experimental research involving one group that is given treatment. The population of this study were all eighth grade students of SMP Islam Athirah Bukit Baruga Makassar in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. The sample was chosen randomly so that a sample of 78 students was obtained. Data collection was carried out using learning outcomes tests (pretest and posttest) and student activity observation sheets. The data analysis technique used is descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The results of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis showed: (1) The average score (pretest) was 67.92 in the low category while (posttest) was 91.10 in the very high category, (2) The average percentage of student activity reached 92%, which means Student activity is categorized as very influential (3) the t-test value shows ttable = 1.708 and tcount = 34.18 p = 0.000 which means significant, (4) The gain score = 23.18 means that there is an increase in value. It can be concluded that the metacognitive learning model has an effect on student learning outcomes in text-based Indonesian language learning with the subject matter of exposition texts in class VIII of SMP Islam Athirah Bukit Baruga Makassar.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUPRENEURSHIP OF EFL STUDENTS IN THE INDONESIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Abbas Aswin , Setiadi Muhammad Astrianto , Marlia Marlia , Adisaturrahimi Andi
Published: April 2023

The growing knowledge about edupreneurship in tertiary institutions, makes the goal not only to lead students to become entrepreneurs but more to form the character of edupreneurship, including EFL students. This study aims to elaborate on how to implement edupreneurship by EFL students in the Indonesian context. This descriptive research method uses a qualitative, semi-interviews with two focals participants, due to their experiences as business owners in the world of entrepreneurship education, also have received edupreneurship courses in college. The author wants to see how they implement their business and related to EFL. The findingsfrom interview sections showed that in implementig edupreneurship had varius aspects, the managerial and process, further other aspects appeared also, like environment, technology and of course an entrepreneurship course, took an important rules in running the bussiness. In terms of EFL, edupreneurship get involved in. By this finding, of course, the business they are currently running can be a trigger for other students who want to start passions in the world of edupreneurship.

Keywords: Edupreneurship, EFL students, indonesian context
Hiện trạng nguồn tài nguyên nước ngọt sử dụng tại cộng đồng vùng đệm Vườn Quốc gia U Minh Thượng
Authors: Lý Văn Lợi , Huỳnh Lê Mỹ Hạnh
Published: April 2023

Nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá hiện trạng sử dụng nguồn nước của hộ dân và phân tích mối quan hệ với dịch vụ điều tiết nước của hệ sinh thái Vườn quốc gia U Minh Thượng. Đề tài đã thực hiện 39 mẫu phỏng vấn sâu đối với hộ dân vùng đệm và cán bộ quản lý U Minh Thượng kết hợp với các dữ liệu đo đạc tại U Minh Thượng cũng như tham vấn ý kiến các chuyên gia có nhiều năm kinh nghiệm. Kết quả cho thấy nguồn nước mưa tại khu vực dư thừa vào mùa mưa (trung bình 280 mm/tháng) và có nguy cơ thiếu hụt vào mùa khô (trung bình 60 mm/tháng). Nguồn nước mặt được dự trữ trong các kênh, mương cũng khá dồi dào khoảng 5.248.055 m3. Nước ngầm có trữ lượng khá lớn với độ dày tầng chứa đạt tới 184,68 m. Sử dụng nước trong sinh hoạt chủ yếu từ nước ngầm (92%), nước sông (8%) và 5% kết hợp nước mưa và nước ngầm. Vẫn còn số ít hộ dân sử dụng nước ngầm phục vụ canh tác. Nguồn nước ngọt tại khu vực đang đối mặt với nhiều vấn đề như nước ngầm nhiễm phèn nặng, nước sông có dấu hiệu ô nhiễm hữu cơ vào mùa khô. Trước các tác động của biến đổi khí hậu thì vai trò điều tiết nước của hệ sinh thái đất ngập nước U Minh Thượng càng quan trọng giúp giảm ngập cục bộ vào mùa mưa, rửa mặn, làm sạch dòng sông sớm vào cuối mùa khô. Tuy nhiên, để tăng cường hiệu quả cung cấp các dịch vụ hệ sinh thái, U Minh Thượng cần lồng ghép tính toán cân bằng nước cho cả khu vực vùng đệm.
Relationship of atrial fibrillation with obesity and chronic heart failure
Authors: Sharonin A. D. , Lozhkina N. G.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the current state of the problem of atrial fibrillation as the most widespread cardiac rhythm disorder, the occurrence of which significantly worsens the quality of life of patients and reduces their life expectancy. Undoubtedly, a significant number of patients with atrial fibrillation suffer from obesity and heart failure. The review article reviews the understanding of the fundamental pathogenetic mechanisms of atrial fibrillation and the associated changes in the cellular, molecular, electrophysiological, and structural architecture of the atria. Information on the topic from publications based on PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLIBRARY databases was used, with a depth of coverage of 5 years.
Role of Yoga and Ayurveda in overall health
Authors:   PhD Researcher, Department of Naturopathy and Yoga,    Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal Central University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India,, Kushwaha Jairam , Sav Dr. Arun Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Yoga Education,  Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University,  Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India,
Published: April 2023

Since ancient times, healthy lifestyle has been at the center of human life, health is the first need of the animal world. In the absence of health, not only human beings but also all living beings cannot develop towards a higher life. Today the human life style has become so chaotic that as if the person is not aware in which direction he is going. Man today is constantly struggling with personal and social situations. Present life has become completely materialistic that is why man is distorting his sophisticated consciousness. Today we see that anger, greed, jealousy, competition and violence etc. disorders are increasing rapidly in a person's life, this is the reason that at present we have to face diseases like diabetes, obesity, cancer, stress, depression and corona. Used to be. According to a report by the World Health Organisation, the problem of diabetes, obesity and stress has become common, one out of every ten people is suffering from one or the other problem. Whereas in ancient times individuals used to be more strong and sophisticated. Today, in this materialistic era, to emerge from human carnage, it is necessary that we adopt such a lifestyle by which we can improve the general lifestyle. World-renowned disciplines like Yoga and Ayurveda all talk about the upliftment of human life i.e. physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being. The purpose of this research article has also been to refine the human lifestyle in the context of Yoga and Ayurveda by observing the current circumstances, because in ancient times Yoga and Ayurveda have been prevalent as a high level lifestyle.
The Necessity ofDalitude: Being Dalit in Urban and Academic Spaces in the Twenty-First Century in India
Authors: Punia Aarushi
Published: April 2023

This article examines the existing and emerging morphology of caste-based discrimination in urban and academic spaces in India. Practices of caste-based profiling are similar to racial profiling or policing but are not acknowledged as caste-based discrimination by the public and the law, since they do not match constitutionally recognized practices of discrimination like untouchability. Caste-based profiling is deeply ingrained in how upper-caste people in urban and academic spaces speak, read, and think. Profiling performs the same function as untouchability, since it weeds out the Dalit from public spaces that pretend to be liberal and secular. Profiling is part of a larger process of “casteization,” which ensures the continuation of caste-based discrimination in newer forms to maintain caste hierarchy and upper-caste hegemony. Profiling traps the urban Dalit in a conundrum with respect to self-representation—should they reveal their Dalit identity to build solidarity with the Dalit, Bahujan, and Adivasi community but risk social ostracization and stigmatization, or should they hide their Dalit identity and try to evade caste-based discrimination? This article defines the emphasis of a new political movement inaugurated by Dalit writers called “Dalitude,” which attempts to break out of this conundrum, challenges casteization, and aims to empower a lower-caste majority.
Nietzsche Contra Manu: Ambedkar’s Nietzsche Moment and the Politics of Dalit Rage
Authors: Das Kalyan Kumar
Published: April 2023

Echoing bell hooks’s discussions on “black rage,” this article explores the politics of “Dalit rage” by juxtaposing some instances of projections of Dalits as an “angry,” “illiberal,” and “intolerant” constituency with examples of anger from Dalit literature. While these projections in “mainstream” media and caste Hindu–dominated civil society narratives often represent them as engulfed in the emotive states marked by anger, intolerance, and impatience, the instances from Dalit literature archive a “Dalit rage” that demands to be dissociated from the Nietzschean category of ressentiment. Through B. R. Ambedkar’s readings of Nietzsche in Philosophy of Hinduism and Nietzsche’s readings of Manu’s Manavadharmashastra in Twilight of the Idols, this article draws a fine line of differentiation between Nietzsche’s contempt for ressentiment and Manu’s disdain for anger. “Dalit rage” occupies a distinctly different thymotic space and articulates a Dalit predicament that exploits rage as a marker of protest, resistance, and caste-ridden social conflicts. This article shows why we cannot bracket Nietzsche’s contempt for ressentiment with Manu’s demands of the sudras (and, in extension, other “lower castes”/Dalits) to be “meek” by exploring Manu’s perpetuation and legitimization of the varna order through a “morality of breeding” and Nietzsche’s more wholesale rejection of morality as he deems it a pia fraus (moral fraud). Thus this “Dalit rage” offers us a repository of the limits of a liberal democracy and enables an Ambedkarite reading of Nietzsche whose project of constructing ubermensch is markedly different from Manu’s “morality of taming” through a “morality of breeding.”
A Descriptive Study of Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Low Disease Activity Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Muhammad Khair , Ullah Ubed , Shaheen Seema
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To evaluate fibromyalgia syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with low disease activity. Settings and sampling: From January 2022 to February 2023, this descriptive research was carried out at Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar. Based on the ACR 2010 criteria for RA, patients with rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled in the study. Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) scores between 2.5 and 10 were considered mild disease activity, indicating that the disease was of low severity. Based on the 2016 ACR criteria for the diagnosis of fibromyalgia, fibromyalgia syndrome was identified. Results: A total of 78 patients were recruited, and 46 (58.9%) of them were female. Age ranged from 20 to 70 years, with a mean of 41.3±10.6 years. 17 individuals (21.8%) had the fibromyalgia syndrome. Conclusion: Due to the broad discomfort associated with inflammation, substantial disease activity may make a fibromyalgia diagnosis easier. Hence, before diagnosing FMS in a RA patient, strict disease activity management should be taken into account. Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Low Disease Activity, Fibromyalgia Syndrome,
Fetal Outcome in Breech Vaginal Delivery in Multi Gravida Patients
Authors: Taj Hina , Khan Naila , Fatima Nighat , Noreen Sarwat , Shakeel Munema , Gul Hemasa
Published: April 2023

Background: Fetal buttocks or feet positioned at the pelvic inlet are referred to as breech presentation. Both vaginal delivery and Caesarean section are options for them. Everyone agrees that breech deliveries are better handled by caesarian section than by vaginal delivery. Risk factors for breech presentation include uterine abnormalities, prematurity, foetal abnormalities, and repeated pregnancies. This research sought to ascertain the foetal fate in multigravida individuals undergoing breech vaginal birth. Methods: This descriptive case series investigation was carried out at the Khyber Teaching Hospital in Peshawar, in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology. The study was conducted from October 2018 to April 2019, seven (07) months. Patients had thorough clinical examinations and lengthy history interviews. The selected patients were instructed to have normal labour under careful foetal and maternal monitoring supervision. All of the patients that experienced a regular delivery had their specific information entered into the database along with the intrapartum occurrences and immediate foetal outcomes. At five minutes, an apgar score was obtained. Brachial plexus damage, low birth weight, low apgar score, foetal distress, and stillbirth were among the foetal outcomes that were reported. Results: As per fetal outcomes, 35 (16.21%) patients were recorded with low apgar score, 37 (17.05%) patients were registered with low birth weight, 69 (31.79%) patients were recorded with birth asphyxia, 27 (12.44%) patients were recorded with brachial plexus injury, 26 (11.98%) patients were registered with fetal distress and 23 (10.59%) patients were recorded with still birth. Conclusion: This research shown that foetal morbidity comes from vaginal breech deliveries (VBD) of singleton term pregnancies. To prevent these difficulties in our local Khyber Pukhtunkhwa population, we thus highlight the necessity for special safeguards, including close monitoring of labour and enough preparedness for newborn resuscitation. This study may be useful in breech delivery decision-making by helping to personalise each choice by understanding the risks involved. Based on the findings, the technique of delivery in breech presentation should be determined. Keywords: Breech, Vaginal Delivery, Singleton Term Pregnancies, Fetal Morbidity, Multi- Gravida.
Evaluation of the Anti-Bacterial Potential of Allium Sativum Against some Resistant Human Pathogenic Isolates and its Synergy with Antibiotics
Authors: Gul Sahiba , Bibi Shakila , Nazneen Haseena , Alam Muhammad Adeel , Khan Ansa , Khan Zahid Ullah
Published: April 2023

Background: Allium Sativum has long been considered one of the most efficient medicinal plants for treating bacterial illness. Taking into consideration the current research study was conducted to assess the effect of Allium sativum extract on Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacterial isolates and its association with antibiotics against MDR pathogens commonly found in the hospital environment. Methods: The test organisms (Staph aureus, Staphylococcus, Yersinia, Micrococcus) which were clinically isolated from patients were collected from Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. The clinical samples were cultured into their defined media. The disc diffusion method was used to test the antibiotic susceptibility of Meropenem, Ciprofloxacin, Cefixime, Ampicillin, and Erythromycin. Antibacterial activity was performed by using the agar well diffusion method. Four different solvents (methanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and distilled water) were used to extract the bioactive compounds of Allium sativum. The synergistic activity of fresh garlic extracts and antibiotics was performed by disc diffusion assay using antibiotic and extract at the same time. Results: Out of 25 samples, 7 samples (Yersinia, Staphylococcus, and Micrococcus species) were MDR to antibiotics. A high level of sensitivity of microbes was recorded for MEM. Depending on the susceptibility of fresh garlic extract, the aqueous extract showed a maximum zone of inhibition of 42mm against Yersinia compared to the conventional antibiotic Ciprofloxacin which showed resistance. The minimum zone of inhibition of 10mm showed against Micrococcus. Ethyl acetate extract showed a maximum zone of inhibition of 30mm against staphylococcus while a minimum zone of inhibition of 11mm against Micrococcus. Methanolic extract showed a maximum zone of inhibition of 21mm against staphylococcus while a minimum zone of inhibition of 12 against Micrococcus and other isolates. N-hexane extract showed the lowest activity among all extracts. Fresh garlic extract inhibited MDR isolates demonstrating a synergistic association with antibiotics. Practical Implication: The potential use of such a combination may be beneficial especially in inhibiting drug-resistant pathogens. Based on the results of this study, taking garlic as a supplement during antibiotic therapy improves its efficiency. Conclusion: Garlic extracts showed good activity against selected MDR isolates. Aqueous extract and ethyl acetate extract showed maximum activity against MDR bacterial isolates. This study also showed good synergistic activity of garlic extracts in combination with antibiotics while no antagonistic activity has been shown. Keywords: Allium sativum, Antibacterial activity, MDR, Fresh Garlic Extract, Synergy
Techniques Used by Dental Specialists for Extensive Posterior Composite Restorations
Authors: Shafqat Faiqa , Mirza Waqas , Liaqat Maham , Bajwa Umer Mahmood , Jamil Fahmina , Babary Darab Fatima , Butt Hira
Published: April 2023

Objective: To assess the techniques used by dental specialists for placement of extensive posterior composite restorations. Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive was conducted in 150 dentists of College of Dentistry, SMDC, Lahore from June 2019 to July 2020 after obtaining ethical approval from Sharif Medical Research Centre (SMRC). Data was collected using a pre validated questionnaire Results: A statistically non-significant association between the specialty of the dentist the technique used for placement of the composite during restoration (p=0.08). The most commonly used techniques for the placement of posterior composite restorations by dentists of all specialties including Periodontology (88%), Prosthodontics (68.4%), Orthodontics (85.7%), Oral Surgery (91.3%), Oral Pathology (71.4%), Oral Biology (33.3%), Dental materials (75%), Community Dentistry (100%), Operative Dentistry (90.9%) and Oral Medicine (75%) is incremental curing. Practical implication: This study will give an insight on the various techniques used by dentists from various specialties for the placement of composite restorations in posterior teeth. This will in turn help them adopt new and revisit old techniques used by them while placing composite restorations. Conclusion: The most commonly used techniques for the placement of posterior composite restorations by dentists of all specialties is incremental curing followed by use of moisture control during the placement of composites both with and without rubber dam isolation. Keywords: Dental Specialists, Composite Restorations, Posterior Dental Restorations, Incremental Curing
The Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health and Quality of Life
Authors: Azhar Nimra , Younas Madeeha , Shahzaib Samreen , Waris Misbah , Altaf Arnab , Waris Sadaf
Published: April 2023

Background: The COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease of 2019) virus has affected millions of people around the world, and it is likely to induce mental health issues in those who have never had one before, as well as worsen the condition of those who already have. Objective: To determine the effect of COVID-19 on mental health and quality of life. Methodology: The non-probability convenient sampling strategy was utilized in this cross-sectional research. A sample of 300 Males and Female with age above 30 who have gone through COVID-19 and recovered before one month or more are included in the study. All patients who already had cognitive issues even before COVID-19 were excluded from the study. The study variables were measured using the MMSE (mental health) and WHOQOL-BREF (quality of life). Results: The results revealed that 128 participants (43%) of the respondents were male and 172 participants (57%) were female. The findings showed that 32 people were with normal mental health, 100 were with mild and 36 were with moderate mental health between the ages of 30-39. 52 people were with normal mental health, 24 were with mild and no one was with moderate mental health between the ages of 40-49. 4 people were with normal mental health, 4 were with mild and 24 were moderate mental health between the ages of 50-59. 12 people were with normal mental health with, 4 were with mild and no one was with moderate mental health between the ages of 60-69. The results also showed that there was a significant association between mental health and quality of life. chi-square test of independence showed significant association between mental health and quality of life with ꭓ2 (N = 300) = 600.0, p = .000. The findings showed that people with normal mental health had very good quality of life, people with mild mental health have poor quality of life and people with moderate mental health have very poor quality of life. Conclusion: It was concluded from the study that COVID-19 has badly effected mental health and quality of life of the patients suffered from coronavirus. Keywords: COVID-19, Mental Health, Quality of Life, Mental State Examination, Chi-Square
Factors Influencing Inappropriate Antibiotic Usage Among Patients of Multan Periphery
Authors: Javed Shahid , Rehman Zaka Ul , Khan Muhammad Naqash , Yosuf Muhammad , Ahmad Umair , Iqbal Umair
Published: April 2023

Objective: To determine the factors that contribute to the inappropriate utilization of antibiotics and to determine their knowledge antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Materials and methods: A total of 280 people who had history of use of antibiotics within last 30 days were included. A questionnaire was build to collect information from respondents (including two separate parts). The first part was including their age, gender socioeconomic status and residential area. The questionnaire also included information to diagnose either the antibiotics use was appropriate or in-appropriate. The 2nd part included information regarding the peron’s knowledge regarding AMR. Results: Among the 280 patients, only 104 (37.1%) patients had appropriate use of antibiotics and remaining 176 (62.9%) had inappropriate use of anti-biotics. patients of age ≤40 years had higher percentage of appropriate antibiotics use; 90 (86.5%) versus 123 (69.9%) using inappropriate antibiotics (p-value 0.000). People living in urban area had higher use of appropriate antibiotics; 70 (67.3%) versus 101 (55.7%) in inappropriate group with p-value 0.05. Patients having high school or more-higher education had higher frequency of appropriate use of antibiotics; 73 (70.8%) versus 97 (55.2%) in inappropriate group, p-value 0.01. On average there was poor knowledge of people regarding AMR, on 37 (35.6%) patients in appropriate and 39 (22.2%) in inappropriate antibiotics group had knowledge regarding antibiotics, p-value 0.01. Conclusion: Age <40 years, living in rural area, and low level of education are significant factors of inappropriate antibiotics use. The knowledge of AMR was poor in all people, however, people having appropriate use of antibiotics had higher knowledge of AMR. Keywords: Antimicrobials, antibiotics, inappropriate use,
Factors Contributing to Increase in Knee Osteoarthritis Among Young People of Multan Periphery
Authors: Javed Shahid , Rehman Zaka Ul , Yosuf Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Naqash , Iqbal Umair , Ahmad Umair
Published: April 2023

Objective: To determine the risk factors of knee osteoarthritis in young patients. Methods: A total of 100 patients with diagnosis of knee arthritis were included as cases and a similar number of 100 patients who presented to the orthopedic clinic for reasons other than knee arthritis were taken as controls. A study questionnaire was designed to gather information regarding the patient’s age, gender, body mass index, physical activity, smoking history and knee injury history. Results: Mean age was 39.1±6.8 years in study group and 40.2±5.7 years in control group. There were 67 (67%) male patients in cases group and 59 (59%) male patients in control group, p-value 0.24. There were 35% obese patients in cases and 13% in control group (p-value 0.0002). There were 56% smokers in cases and 41% in control group with p-value 0.03. Out of 100, 11% patients in cases and 4.0% in control group had history of knee joint injury (p-value 0.06). 47% patients in cases group and 33% patients in control group were belonged to hardworking occupations, p-value 0.04. Conclusion: Obesity, history of knee joint injury, smoking and hardworking occupation are risk factors of knee osteoarthritis in young patients. Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis, young patients, obesity, risk factors.
Changes in Salivary Biochemistry Associated with Helicobacter Pylori Positivity in Patients with Chronic Gastritis
Authors: Soomro Saba Parveen , Batool Tayyaba , Akbar Abrar , Raza Syed Hyder , Rahim Anum , Umair Masood Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The invasive endoscopic-biopsy approach is the one that is used the vast majority of the time for diagnosing and monitoring chronic gastritis. Finding non-invasive laboratory indicators would be beneficial for the patient in terms of both cost and convenience. It is becoming more and more well-known that saliva, in addition to its vital protective role for the digestive system, may also be employed as an efficient non-invasive diagnostic material. Aim: To detect and define biochemical characteristics in the saliva of chronic gastritis patients (both HP+ and HP-) and compare these values to those observed in healthy people, and search for correlations between the levels of these biochemical in the serum and in the saliva in order to ultimately use these biochemical as a diagnostic tool. Method: The design of this study was a cross sectional study design and this study was conducted at Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Subjective symptoms, serological data, and endoscopic findings were used to identify the disease activity in a total of 60 patients with chronic gastritis (44HP+ and 16HP-) from this research. The average age of the patients was anything from 58.73 to 12.08. The average age of the control group participants was 56.868.67, and they were all in excellent health and not smokers. Analyses made use of unstimulated saliva and serum. Stool samples are tested for albumin, total protein, uric acid, and secretory immunoglobulin A. (sIg A). To evaluate their efficacy, we employ a biochemical analyzer (Olympus AU 640) and an ELISA reader (an adaptation of the processes for oral fluid). Results: Compared to the control group, HP+ patients had considerably greater sIgA and TP levels. However, UA did not show a comparable trend. We found that only UA had a correlation with both saliva and serum levels. It was shown that there was an inverse relationship between UA and endoscopic markers of inflammation. As a defense mechanism against the oxidative stress, salivary flow rate abnormalities, and inflammation that had occurred in the stomach, these alterations are being hypothesized. Practical implication: The significance of this study is to see whether specific biochemical parameters may be utilised as a diagnostic tool in the future by comparing the levels in the blood and those detected in the saliva of those patients having chronic gastritis (both HP+ and HP-) Conclusion: In patients with HP+ chronic gastritis, the findings show that there are considerable changes in the characteristics of their saliva. Saliva is a biological substance that has certain limitations, but it is an excellent indicator of the pathological processes occurring in the digestive system, particularly in the case of HP+ infection. Keywords: Uric Acid, Total Protein, Saliva, Sig A, And HP+ Chronic Gastritis Albumin
Evaluation of Arthroscopic Bankart Repair and Open Latarjet Technique for Treatment of Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation
Authors: Gul Yousaf , Farooq Muhammad Zubair , . Inamullah , Essa Muhammad Asghar , Khan Shafaat Ullah
Published: April 2023

Background: Arthroscopic Bankart repair and open Latarjet procedures are the most frequent surgical treatments for shoulder instability and recurrent shoulder dislocation. Objectives: Therefore, we performed research to assess the clinical outcomes and recurrence rate of instability between both Arthroscopic Bankart repair and open Latarjet techniques. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from 2021-23, comprising 74 patients, managed surgically for the condition of recurrent shoulder dislocation. The patients were allocated into two groups viz Group A and B comprising 37 patients in each, who were managed through Arthroscopic Bankart repair and open Latarjet techniques, respectively. Post-operative complications, re-occurrence and success rate were measured in terms of SSV scores. Results: Average age of patients in Arthroscopic Bankart group was 28.34+5.31 years while in open Latarjet group; it was 29.09+6.19 years. 14 (37.83%) patients of Arthroscopic Bankart repair group revealed recurrent shoulder dislocation, while no such complaint was found in the open Latarjet technique. Twenty-seven patients of Arthroscopic Bankart group showed satisfaction with the procedure and 33 out of 37 patients (89.18%) were satisfied with open Latarjet technique. Patients in open Latarjet technique group showed successful recovery of shoulder dislocation and their SSV was 87.91%, while the patients in Arthroscopic Bankart repair group showed less SSV score of 59.76%. Conclusion: Open Latarjet group patients had a greater rate of functional satisfaction, while the arthroscopic Bankart repair group showed a trend for more recurrence. Open Latarjet operation had a higher success rate and patients had a better rate of return to previous top-level sports than Arthroscopic Bankart technique. Keywords: Latarjet; Re-occurrence; Shoulder dislocation; Sports medicine; Surgical complications.
Accuracy of Cervical Intraepithelial Lesion Diagnosis by Visual Cervical Examination with Acetic Acid
Authors: Latif Uzma , Bibi Najma , Ghafoor Maria , Babar Rubina , Anbreen Fauzia
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Using acetic acid to inspect the vaginal canal is a simple screening procedure done with the naked eye. During a speculum examination, the cervical transformation zone is painted with acetic acid 3% to 5% or vinegar. It is a simple, cost-effective screening tool that can be used in poor developing countries with high rates of invasive cervical cancer mortality because acetic acid coagulates nuclear proteins, resulting in white discoloration of the transformation zone in CIN and early invasive cancer. Objective: This study aims to measure the effectiveness of a simple and economical screening test, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), for diagnosing cervical intraepithelial lesions in comparison to the gold standard of histopathology using a study population of women attending a gynecology outpatient department. Study Design: The study used a cross-sectional design to validate the findings. Study Area: This study was conducted in the Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Women and Children Teaching Hospital, Dera Ismail Khan. Study Duration: This study took place between November 2018 and April 2019. Materials and Methods: The study included 414 women with abnormal vaginal bleeding. Under a good light source, a lubricated Cusco's speculum was introduced into the vagina to evaluate the cervix for gross abnormalities. A cotton swab was used to apply 3% acetic acid to the cervix and acetowhite changes were observed for one minute. Positive results were considered when distinct acetowhite areas were detected, while negative results were considered when light, faint, or doubtful aceto-white areas were detected. Results: There was a range of age from 18 to 40 years in this study with a mean age of 30.772 years and a mean weight of 71.644 kilograms. For diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial lesions, acetic acid visual examination has shown a sensitivity of 84.38%, specificity of 97.11%, diagnostic accuracy of 95%, PPV of 84.38%, and NPV of 97.11% (p=0.000). Practical implication: The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of a simple and inexpensive screening test, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), to the gold standard of histopathology in a study group of women attending a gynecological outpatient service. Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among women in developing countries, where access to advanced diagnostic tools is limited. If VIA proves to be an effective screening tool, it could be widely implemented in low-resource settings to improve early detection and treatment of cervical cancer. Conclusion: VIA is considered an appropriate screening alternative for a large population. In contrast to cytology-based programs, it is highly sensitive, low-cost, and yields immediate results. Keywords: Cervical Cancer; Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid; Screening
Combined efficacy of bio-pesticides and fungicides on stemphylium blight disease of onion (Allium cepa)
Authors: Pandey M. K , Gupta P. K , Gupta R. C , Pathak M. K , Singh Satyendra
Published: April 2023

A field trial was conducted at Regional Research Station, NHRDF, Nashik in three consecutive years during Kharif 2016, 2017 and 2018 on onion variety Agrifound Dark Red for the management of stemphylium blight disease of onion through soil application of bio-pesticide and sequential spray of different fungicides. The pooled result showed that, significantly minimum stemphylium blight incidence (52.22%) with intensity (4.0%) and highest gross yield (218.51 q/ha) with marketable (174.94 q/ha) as well as highest benefit cost ratio (7.83:1) were recorded in the treatment Soil application of Arka Microbial Consortia @ 12.50 kg/ha followed by sequential sprays of Propiconazole @ 0.1% at 25 DAT, Hexaconazole @ 0.1% at 50 DAT and Tricyclazole @ 0.1% at 75 DAT
THE NEXUS AMONG FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE, FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR,
FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND FINANCIAL WELLBEING: EVIDENCE FROM
PAKISTAN
Authors: Ali Arsalan , Hussain Qamar , Jam Abdul Qayyum
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to examine the relationships among certain that are vital
in determining financial wellbeing in different situations and contexts. This
study aimed to examine the potential linkages among the research issues
and found that factors such as knowledge, behaviors, and involvement in
the financial system have an impact upon financial well-being. The research
used specific sampling method known as purposive sampling and a sample
size of 810 participants from Punjab, Pakistan. Data was collected through
a Google forms questionnaire and analyzed using PLS (partial least squares)
technique. Findings show that financial well-being is influenced by financial
literacy, behaviors, and inclusion. Additionally, research shows that financial
behavior and inclusion act as mediators for relationships between monetary
education and money related well-being. Thus, the study offered significant
information in reaching conclusions and offering certain recommendations
to policy makers, stakeholders and future researchers about the issues under
considerations
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION REGARDING TEACHERS’ TEACHING PRACTICES AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL
Authors: Kamran Farrukh , Afzal Ayesha , Rafiq Shahid
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to know students' perceptions regarding teachers' teaching practices at university of Lahore. The study utilized a qualitative research paradigm and approach. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Study's results revealed that students had varied perceptions regarding teachers' teaching practices at the university of Lahore. The students felt that effective communication was essential for the positive learning experience and that teachers who were approachable and open to the feedback were likelier to create the positive learning environment. Students appreciated interactive teaching methods such as group discussions, role-playing, and case studies, which helped to keep them engaged and motivated. Additionally, study found that teacher-student relationships were important for students, as they felt that teachers who showed care and interest in their success were more effective in promoting learnings. Lastly, the students perceived that teachers adaptable to diverse learning styles and needs were more effective in facilitating learning Furthermore, the teachers should strive to develop positive teacher-student relationships and be adaptable to diverse learning styles and needs.
THE IMPACT OF COACHING STYLE UPON PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF GYMNASTS
Authors: Khan Mohibullah , Saman Samera , Mehmood Kashif
Published: April 2023

This investigation aimed to look at connection between coaching style and the performance of gymnasts. Literature indicated mainly two types of the coaching styles including autocratic and democratic. There were three main objectives of study including, to see relationship amid perceived coaching styles and professional skills of gymnasts; to see the relationship of autocratic coaching style and collective efficacy of gymnasts; and to see the relationship of the democratic coaching style and perceived team cohesion and collective efficacy. Negative connection amid autocratic style and sports performance, and a positive connection between democratic style and sports performance was observed. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that autocratic style indicated negative association with performance of the gymnasts. On other hand, different dimensions of the democratic style were positively associated with different tasks including affiliation, socialization, integration, ability to do well; unity; persistence; preparation and effort demonstrated a positive association with performance of gymnasts. Outcomes indicated that mentors’ coaching style was stated to be vital for progress of competitors’ professional skills and performance.
EXPLORING THE LINKAGES BETWEEN PERSONALITY BIG FIVE MODEL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROTEIN CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Ullah Irshad
Published: April 2023

The current study tries to investigate relationship between personality big five attributes of faculty members and their protein career opportunities for career. Data was obtained from banking sector employees in KP Pakistan. The findings depict that highest correlation is between extraversion and OPE has significant relation with self-driven protein career attitude. Similarly, the two factor also possess positive strength with value driven approach of protein career attitude. However, boundary less mindset attitude of protein career depicts significant relation with the agreeableness, also organization mobility shows significant relation with neuroticism, OPE and Extraversion. Current study was conducted in the KP environment if it may be applied in various other provinces and other part of Pakistan. We can get clear picture of the under-pinning mechanism. The relationship between personality types and protean career can be under in better manner if we study various attributes related to individual (efficacy, commitment & involvement) organizational (cultural, cynicism, & collective efficiency) as well as environmental factor as mediator.
NEXUS BETWEEN JOB SATISFACTION AND MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS: INTRINSIC, EXTRINSIC AND GENERAL MOTIVATION
Authors: Abbas Ansar , Khan Irfan Ahmad , Akram Muhammad Waseem
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this research is to learn about factors that influence worker happiness and satisfaction. An employee's level of satisfaction on job might be categorized as the extrinsic, intrinsic, general. Many elements, both internal and external to workplace, contribute to employee's level of contentment with their position. All of Punjabi bank branch managers are represented here. We went around to all different divisions and spoke with the division heads in order to get the good feel for what questions to ask in our surveys. The factor analyses, correlation analyses, as well as regression analyses are all performed with the aid of stats software. At the end of day, we found that variables were both independent and correlated, leading us to conclusion that they were positively correlated with one another. The results of this study are expected to offer significant information about research issues under considerations in particular situation and context. Consequently, managers, their upper management, students, and other researchers can attain benefit from our findings.
AN INVESTIGATION ON AGILITY COMPARISON AMONG STUDENTS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Luqman Muhammad Safdar , Khan Saqib
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to examine and compare the agility scores of two groups of students. Sample selection was performed using random sampling method. The Shuttle Run test was utilized as the data collection instrument in accordance with standard protocols. Shuttle Run test is widely recognized and valid measure of the agility that involves participants running back and forth between two points in a timed fashion. Following the data collection phase, a t-test was employed to analyze the results and determine if there was significant difference in agility scores between two groups of students. The study's findings revealed a statistically significant difference in the agility scores between two groups (p < .001). Normality test was conducted to assess whether the data met the assumptions of normality. The results indicated that the data were normally distributed, thereby providing evidence of the study's reliability and validity. Findings suggest that students demonstrated superior agility skills compared to their counterparts. The results could inform educators & policymakers in developing targeted interventions to enhance the agility skills of students for promoting better physical fitness and health outcomes.
EVALUASI PEMERIKSAAN Treponema pallidum RAPID (TP-RAPID) dan Treponema Pallidum Haemagglutination Assay (TPHA) PADA KELOMPOK WANITA PEKERJA SEKS DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Fadhilah Fitri Rahmi , Pakpahan Suyarta Efrida , Rifa Atika  , Nada Reliani
Published: April 2023

Wanita Pekerja Seks adalah salah satu kelompok beresiko tinggi terhadap penyakit menular seksual seperti sifilis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Treponema pallidum. Pemeriksaan Treponema pallidum Haemagglutination Assay (TPHA) dan Treponema pallidum Rapid (TP-Rapid) digunakan untuk mendeteksi antibodi yang spesifik terhadap bakteri Treponema pallidum yang kemudian disebut dengan uji treponema. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil antara pemeriksaan TP-Rapid dan TPHA pada kelompok WPS di Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif dimulai dengan observasi pada wanita pekerja seks, sampel dilakukan pemeriksaan TP-Rapid metode imunokromatografi dan TPHA metode hemaglutinasi serta hasil pemeriksaan TP-Rapid dibandingkan dengan hasil pemeriksaan TPHA. Hasil pemeriksaan TP-Rapid pada sampel yang reaktif sebanyak 7% dan sampel yang non reaktif sebanyak 93%. Hasil pemeriksaan TPHA diperoleh sampel yang reaktif sebanyak 33% dan sampel yang non reaktif sebanyak 67%. Hasil reaktif pada pemeriksaan TP-Rapid dan TPHA terjadi selisih perbedaan sebesar 26%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah terdapat perbedaan hasil pemeriksaan sifilis dengan menggunakan metode TP-Rapid dan TPHA dengan nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) pada baris pearson chi-square yaitu dengan nilai p sebesar 0,038.
ANGKA LEMPENG TOTAL, MOST PROBABLE NUMBER, DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI COLIFORM PADA SUSU SAPI SEGAR DI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Wulandari Eka Yunita
Published: April 2023

Kandungan bakteri coliform dalam susu sapi segar dapat diakibatkan oleh kontaminasi bakteri tersebut terhadap lingkungan, pakan dan minum sapi perah, peralatan yang tidak steril, serta proses pemerahan yang tidak aseptis. Banyuwangi merupakan daerah dengan beberapa peternakan sapi serta kebiasaan masyarakat mengonsumsi susu sapi segar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan angka lempeng total (ALT), Most Probable Number (MPN), dan identifikasi bakteri coliform pada susu sapi segar di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Penelitian deskriptif analitik dilakukan terhadap 30 sampel susu sapi segar dari 5 peternakan sapi di Kabupaten Banyuwangi antara bulan April dan Juni 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya 7 (23,3%) sampel dalam penelitian ini memenuhi syarat angka lempeng total SNI, sedangkan 23 (76,7%) sampel melebihi batas ALT maksimum SNI. Selain itu, 10 (33,3%) sampel memenuhi syarat MPN sedangkan 20 (66,7%) sampel melebihi batas MPN maksimum SNI. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar susu sapi segar di Kabupaten Banyuwangi masih belum aman dikonsumsi karena memiliki ALT, MPN, serta cemaran coliform yang tinggi. Bakteri coliform yang ditemukan pada susu sapi segar di Kabupaten Banyuwangi antara lain Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., dan Klebsiella sp. Penelitian lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan untuk identifikasi spesies bakteri coliform serta menganalisis parameter pemeriksaan lainnya berdasarkan persyaratan SNI.