bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENCEMARAN KUALITAS KIMIA AIR SUMUR DANGKAL DI PERMUKIMAN KUMUH RW IV KELURAHAN BANGKA JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Muzdalifa El , Nurjazuli Nurjazuli , Joko Tri
Published: September 2022

Use of groundwater as a water source in South Jakarta is quite high with a usage value of 3,768,226 m3. Most of the shallow groundwater in RW IV Bangka village are at a depth of <25 mbgl, so they have the potential to be polluted.. Moreover that village categorized as slums area, where there is high risk to be polluted by poor environment. . This study aims to analyze the level quality of Fe and CaCO3 pollution and their correlation with the risk factors in shallow well water in RW IV Bangka Village. This type of research is analytic observational with a cross sectional approach. The research population was the total number of wells in the residential area of RW IV, with the research sample using purposive random sampling of 30 shallow wells. The results showed that 100% of the samples met the requirements for pH (x̄= 8,0) and CaCO3 (x̄= 253 mg/l) levels. Meanwhile, for Fe (x̄= 0,29 mg/l) value , there were 7 samples (23,2%) that did not meet the requirements. Chi-square statistical analysis showed that there was no relationship between latrine distance (p=0,666), distance of other pollutants (p=0,675), standing water around the well (p=1,00), and SPAL conditions (p=0,304) with the Fe quality in shallow well water. However, based on the prevalence ratio (PR), the highest risk was found in other pollutant distance factors compare to others (PR=1,524).  The conclusion that, although the levels of Fe and CaCO3 in shallow well water are quite high, statistical analysis shows that there is no correlation from environment risk factors for these two value levels by reason, most of well type for sampling is bore well type which is low for contamination.
PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN BERAT BAYI LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) : KAJIAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIK
Authors: Aly Syahbana Vikram Aditya Bagus , Darundiati Yusniar Hanani , Yunita Dewanti Nikie Astorina
Published: September 2022

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure for pregnancy period is associated to mother, fetus, and baby complications, including low birth weight (LBW). LBW is still being significant global health issue and indentified as one of the important causes of mortality and morbidity in toddler. This objective research is to determine the association of ETS exposure and LBW. The type of research is Literature Review. The search database is Google Scholar for national journals; Scopus, Pubmed, ProQuest, and Ebscohost for international journals with a span of last 10 years (2011-2021). The article used is an article with observational research design. Total of 9 articles were reviewed in this study. Four articles reported an association between exposure to ETS during pregnancy and the incidence of LBW, and 2 articles showed an association with reduced infant birth weight. Which means, ETS exposure during pregnant period can increase risk the birth weight decreasing and the LBW incidence by taking into account various confounding factors.
HUBUNGAN POLA PEMBERIAN ASI DAN MP-ASI DENGAN SKOR PB/U PADA ANAK USIA 6-23 BULAN DI DESA KEMBANGAN KECAMATAN BONANG KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Mawarti Elisa , Suyatno Suyatno , Pradigdo Siti Fatimah
Published: September 2022

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that can describe growth failure since before and after birth. Factors that also influence the incidence of stunting include the pattern of breastfeeding and complementary feeding. The stunting rate in Kembangan village, Demak Regency is 80 cases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between breastfeeding and complementary feeding patterns with Z PB/U scores in children aged 6-23 months. The type of research used is explanatory research with a cross sectional approach. The research population is 138 toodler under two. Research subjects were found to be 65, selected by purposive sampling. The research instrument consisted of a structured questionnaire used to obtain the characteristics of the subject and exclusive breastfeeding, a1x24 hour recall form, and food photo book used to determine the amount of complementary feeding, infantometer for body length, and WHO anthro determines the PB/U index. Statistic test used Spearman Rank correlation. 73,8% of children did not initiate early breastfeeding, 38,5% less breastfeeding, 47,7% less duration of breastfeeding, 69,2% of children not exclusively breastfeed. The first age of children eating inappropriately was 69,2%, the frequency of eating was not appropriate as much as 41,5%, the portion of food was not appropriate as much as 43,1%, the texture of thee food was not appropriate as much as 16,9%. The Z PB/U score for short children was 26,2%. There is a relationship between breastfeeding patterns (p=0,003) and complementary feeding patterns (p=0,001) with Z PB/U scores.  Inappropriate breastfeeding and complementary feeding are related to the Z PB/U score of children aged 6-23 months.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA JENIS KELAMIN, UMUR, DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 PADA LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS BALARAJA KABUPATEN TANGERANG
Authors: Rosita Rosita , Kusumaningtiar Devi Angeliana , Irfandi Ahmad , Ayu Ira Marti
Published: September 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes accounting for 90% of all diabetes in the world is type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indonesia is ranked 7th out of 10 countries in the world. From health service data, the prevalence of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased with a prevalence of 14.47% in 2019. This study aims to determine the relationship between sex, age, and physical activity with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly at the Balaraja Health Center, Tangerang Regency. Methods This study used a cross sectional design. Sampling for respondent data uses the two-proportion difference test formula, and the number of samples obtained is 189 respondents. The sampling method used was random sampling with a systematic random sampling technique. The results showed that 76.2% did not suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus, female 56.1%, elderly (60+ years) 66.7%, and high physical activity 89.9%. Based on the bivariate analysis using the chi-square test, there was a relationship between sex (p = 0.012) and age (p = 0.046) with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and there was no relationship between physical activity (p = 1000) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study can be concluded that there is a relationship between sex and age with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and there is no relationship between physical activity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physical activity is a protective factor against the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
PENGARUH BEBAN, KEPUASAN, DAN STRESS KERJA TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA PERAWAT: (A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW)
Authors: Lubis Yusuf Hanafi , Saragih Fennisyah Andriani , Maretta Betty
Published: September 2022

The Indonesian National Nurses Union (PPNI) (2011) revealed that as many as 50.9% of Indonesian nurses who work experience work stress, often feel dizzy, tired, less friendly, lack of rest due to excessively high workload and inadequate income.  The objectives of the study was to look at the effect of workload, work stress, job satisfaction on work motivation on nurses: a systematic review. The research method used is systematic review to synthesize research results that are qualitative descriptive, with meta synthesis. The results of the study obtained a value of thitung X2 of 11,494 > 1,993 or α = 0.05, where sig = 0.000. In accordance with the hypothesis testing criteria that H0 is rejected and H3 is accepted, it means that the workload variable has a partially significant effect. There is a partial effect of work stress on the performance of nurses in Bali Provincial Hospital namely Pyx2 = - 0.533 with a p-value of 0.000 smaller than alpha (α) = 0.05. Ability (X1) has a significant influence on patient care (Y) when the nurse's work motivation (X2) remains (t calculated ≥ than the table t, 13,305 ≥ than in 1,907. In conclusion, the burden, satisfaction, and stress of work simultaneously have a significant effect for on the motivation of the nurse's work variable. Advice for agencies, to provide adequate rest time, as well as a reduction in shift hours to nurses so that there is no stress at work.
ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM RUMAH SAKIT TANPA DINDING (HOSPITAL WITHOUT WALLS) PADA FASE PRA HOSPITAL DI RSJD DR. AMINO GONDOHUTOMO
Authors: Annisa Viona , Patria Jati Sutopo , Budiyanti Rani Tiyas
Published: September 2022

Hospital without walls (HWW) Program was one of the leading programs of the Governor of Central Java for the 2018-2023 period, which was implemented by seven provincial hospital in Central Java, one of which is RSJD Dr. Amino Gondohutomo. Since the implementation of HWW program in 2018 until now, there has not been a comprehensive program evaluation by the HWW Implementing Coordinating Team for identifying from assessments that have been carried out. The evaluation was carried out only refers to the indicators of success in the guideline from quantity aspect, while in quality aspect has not been any further evaluation process with all the team members. So the purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of HWW Program at RSJD Dr. Amino Gondohutomo using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation theory by Daniel Stufflebeam. This research used qualitative methods with a descriptive approach through in-depth interview. There were 8 interviewees in this studied which consisting of 5 main informants and 3 triangulation informants. The variables studied were purpose, needs, target group, guidelines and SOP, action plans, human resource, funds, facilities and infrastructure, recording and reporting of planning and implementation program, and program achievement. The result showed that activity planning was still not well coordinated, SOP and governance document was not yet available, lack of competence for team members, recording and reporting of activities was not systematic and less structured. However there were supporting factors for the program, namely the formation of HWW Coordinating Team, an understanding of the objectives, budget and infrastructure were well fullfilled.Keywords : RSTD program, hospital without walls, evaluation
BIONOMIK VEKTOR JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS DI WILAYAH KERJA POS LINTAS BATAS DARAT NEGARA (PLBDN) MOTAAIN
Authors: Nurzaeni Kautsari Meitia , Hestiningsih Retno , Sutiningsih Dwi , Kusariana Nissa
Published: September 2022

Japanese encephalitis ini disebabkan oleh virus dan ditularkan melalui vektor. Penyakit infeksi manusia dimulai dari kejadian kontak / gigitan vektor yang terinfeksi virus Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan populasi hewan peliharaan, vektor, dan keberadaan reservoir dimana Wilker PLBDN Motaain hampir semua penduduk mempunyai hewan peliharaan. Babi adalah salah satu reservoir dari penyakit JE. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dan sampel penelitian yang dipilih yaitu 4 rumah yang berada di Wilayah Pos Lintas darat Negara Motaain. Penangkapan nyamuk menggunakan landing collection dan resting ratepada pukul 18.00 - 02.00 WITA. Pengamatan dilakukan pada saat melihat keadaan lingkungan tempat perkembangbiakan . Kepadatan nyamuk tertinggi adalah spesies Culex gelidus (88%) dengan nilai RR 5,6% dan nilai MHD 0,1% .Terdapat tempat berkembang biak dan tempat peristirahatan yaitu berupa sawah, sumur, genangan air, kandang babi keberadaan babi yang dipelihara dekat rumah ( dikandang atau tidak). Karena belum diketahuinya secara pasti apakah vektor tersebut terdapat virus Japanese encephalitis (VJE). Oleh sebab itu untuk menghindari infeksi virus JEV dilakukan PSN, tidur menggunakan kelambu dan tidak naik babi di dekat pemukiman / perumahan penduduk.
HUBUNGAN PAJANAN PESTISIDA SEBELUM MASA KEHAMILAN DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH PERTANIAN KECAMATAN SUMOWONO KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Septiana Dwi , Suhartono Suhartono , Yunita Dewanti Nikie Astorina
Published: September 2022

The use of pesticides in Sumowono District was based on a statement by the Agricultural Extension Center that was not according to the correct dosage and regulations. The practice of mixing pesticides and the high frequency of pesticide use is detrimental to women who are involved in agricultural activities with the potential for long-term exposure to pesticides, which can cause health problems during pregnancy, hypertension during pregnancy. Hypertension is the main priority disease in Sumowono District. Hypertension is a major health problem during pregnancy, causing 2-3% of complications in pregnancy. The Purpose of the study was to analyze the relationship of pesticide exposure before pregnancy with hypertension in pregnant women in the agricultural area of Sumowono sub-district, Semarang district. This research is a analysis with a case control study design. The sample of this study was 102 respondents with a case sample of 34 respondents and a control sample of 68 respondents. Data analysis used the chi-square test and T-test. The results of the relationship analysis showed that work was related to pesticides (p = 0,011), pesticide exposure period (p = 0,008), length of pesticide exposure (p = 0,008), frequency of pesticide use (p = 0,002), pesticide mixing practices (p = 0,01), use of Apersonal protective equipment (p = 0,007) associated with the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy. This study recommends stopping the practice of mixing pesticides and reducing the length of time working in agricultural areas and the use of personal protective equipment standards to avoid pesticide exposure.
ANALISIS KONTEN TWEET PADA AKUN TWITTER KEMENKES RI SELAMA AWAL WABAH COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Visina Daranida Normandia , Shaluhiyah Zahroh , Indraswari Ratih
Published: September 2022

Wabah COVID-19 telah menjadi perhatian utama di dunia saat ini dan telah diklasifikasikan oleh WHO sebagai pandemi. Penyebaran informasi palsu terkait COVID-19 terjadi secara cepat dan luas di media sosial seperti Twitter. Akun Twitter milik Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia merupakan salah satu sumber informasi terpecaya untuk memberikan informasi terkait situasi COVID-19 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konten tweet akun Twitter @KemenkesRI selama awal wabah COVID-19 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 521 tweet yang diunggah oleh akun Twitter @KemenkesRI pada bulan Maret 2020 dan dipilih menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis konten dan analisis bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi square. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi tweet yang paling banyak diunggah oleh akun Twitter Kemenkes RI pada bulan Maret memiliki konten pesan berupa laporan kasus sebanyak 269 tweet (51,6%). Pada 439 tweet (84,3%) memiliki sifat pesan informatif dan 386 tweet (74,1%) memiliki bentuk pesan berupa teks biasa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konten pesan (ρ = 0,001) dan bentuk pesan  (ρ = 0,000) berhubungan dengan respon pesan yang diperoleh akun Twitter Kemenkes RI. Saran bagi Kemenkes RI agar dapat memaksimalkan penggunaan media sosial Twitter sebagai media promotif dan preventif dengan mempertimbangkan strategi komunikasi risiko sebagai salah satu upaya mitigasi bencana kesehatan masyarakat serta memaksimalkan penggunaan media seperti gambar dan video pada sebuah tweet sehingga pesan dapat tersampaikan secara lengkap, jelas, menarik minat masyarakat dan meningkatkan kemungkinan untuk disebarluaskan lebih tinggi.
GAMBARAN STIGMA PADA PROGRAM KERJA WARGA PEDULI AIDS/WPA TERHADAP PEKERJA SEKSUAL (STUDI PADA WPA X DI KOTA SEMARANG)
Authors: Mujoko Naura Afifah , Husodo Besar Tirto , Musthofa Syamsulhuda Budi
Published: September 2022

The group formed by the government as community participation in order to ward off the HIV/AIDS called Warga Peduli AIDS/WPA (literary means local residents concerned about AIDS). One of the objectives of this strategy is that no more stigma which hampers HIV/AIDS prevention, PLWHA status in X village is not open yet, but WPA as the main exertion of HIV/AIDS prevention is not expected to have a stigma on the high-risk group. This qualitative descriptive research used a purposive sampling method in determining research subject which are 7 WPA members. The data were taken from in-depth interviews. The validity test in this research were conducted on 3 triangulation subjects such as  AIDS Commissions (KPA), the risk group which are sexual worker and public health center. The reliability test is done by auditing data to determine the suitability of research, with look  at the focus of research, determining research subjects, collecting research data, analyzing data, testing validity with triangulation subjects, and making research conclusions, and make sure that question is asked several time get a same answer from subject. The results showed that in the planning and the implementation of WPA program, the stigma and discrimination in WPA members were still found, and must be reduced because WPA as community participation in order to ward off the HIV/AIDS. The forms of stigma is the presumption of sexual workers are not devout, even though religiosity is a side that shown to family and God only, intentionally transmitting diseases because of spite with not using condom and not want to be checked if they feel sick, differing in how they dress, ethics, words, and it making presumption that sexual worker hard to be approached.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM INOVASI PEMBERIAN ASI GERSASI DI PUSKESMAS JATI KABUPATEN KUDUS
Authors: Amrina Salsabilla Rushda , Arso Septo Pawelas , Nandini Nurhasmadiar
Published: September 2022

Indonesia has proceeded ASI eksklusif program to create well nutrition generation. The program is held in health services facility. Puskesmas Jati holds the program as GERSASI (Gerakan Ibu Sayang Bayi Wajib ASI). The research objective was to describe and analyze the implementation of the effectiveness of the Exclusive Breastfeeding (ASI) program called GERSASI in Puskemas Jati, Kudus Regency. The objective was to analyze achievement aspect, integration, and adaptation. Research This was descriptive qualitative research, and data collected was done by indepth interview. The research was held on July-August 2020. The informants of the research consist of key informant and triangulation informant. The GERSASI’s Program target were pregnant mothers and breastfeeding mothers in Jati kulon village. GERSASI program performs socialization in Jati Kulon village in March 2017. The consensus was done by Jati Kulon authority to Jati Kulon villagers. The infrastructure of GERSASI Program were monitoring books, stickers, and certificates. Accompaniment was done by health cadres who were breastfeeding motivators. The health cadres were chosen because they were considered to be closed to the community. The effectiveness of the GERSASI Program is still deemed ineffective. There were still several aspects that need to be improved so that the GERSASI Program can achieve its objectives.
HUBUNGAN FREKUENSI PENERBANGAN DENGAN INTENSITAS KEBISINGAN DI BANDARA INTERNASIONAL MINANGKABAU
Authors: Indraswari Safira Putri , Setiani Onny , Budiyono Budiyono
Published: September 2022

Flight activities can produce a noise and give an impact to human health and environmental health. Minangkabau International Airport is an airport with a high flight frequency category, the average of total flights number is 60 flight activities for a day. This study aimed to analyze of association between flight frequency and noise intensity at Minangkabau International Airport.This type of research was an analytic research with cross sectional approach Samples using in this study were 24 samples which were taken by quota sampling technique. Noise intensity was measured using a Sound Level Meter. Data analysis was performed using Chi Square test (α=5%). The result found that the highest average flight frequency was 17 flights within a three hours period, the highest noise intensity measurement results was 90.4 dB(A) and as many as 14 noise measurement points exceed NAB (NAB=85 DB(A)) Based on the results of the chi square test (p = 0.010) there was a significant relationship between flight frequency and noise intensity at Minangkabau International Airport. The conclusion of this study is that Noise intensity in Minangkabau Internasional Airport exceed NAB and there is a significant relationship between flight frequency and noise intensity
Optimization and Characterization of Physical–Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Edible Films Based on Pectin from Breadfruit Peel for Food Packaging
Authors: Mappamadeng Andi Hidayatullah , Amalia Rizka
Published: September 2022

Abstract - This study aims to determine the characteristics and optimization of biodegradable films based on pectin from breadfruit peel. The study was employed using a factorial design with multiple variables: pectin (2 and 4 grams), sorbitol concentration (10% and 20%) and drying temperature (1200C and 1400C) were studied. The results obtained from eight samples showed that the water vapor transmission rate was in the range of 3.525 - 6.952 g/m2.day. The best-achieved water vapor transmission rate (3,525 g/m2.day) was obtained at specific operating conditions, namely 4 grams of pectin, 20% of sorbitol concentration and drying temperature of 1400C. In this study, the most influential factor for water vapor transmission rate is pectin weight with the value effect of -1.238. The highest tensile strength test and percentage elongation were 116.55 kgf/cm2 and 10%, respectively. The FTIR analysis showed that the pectin from breadfruit peel was according to commercial pectin standard, by the presence of OH and ester (COOH) groups. The SEM Analysis showed  that the molecular structure of edible films did not look porous, dense, but not flat on its surface, thus less permeable to air.Keywords - Bioedible film, Breadfruit peel, Pectin, Food packaging
Application of Breathing Exercises Using Ida Jean Orlando’s Dynamic Nurse-Patient Relationship Model in Overcoming Postoperative Hypoxia (POH) after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Case-Series
Authors: Fahmi Ismail , Nurachmah Elly , Dyaningtyas Hermin Esti , Kamal Musaddad , Ganefianty Amelia
Published: September 2022

Background: Postoperative hypoxia (POH) is a complication that often occurs in patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). Breathing exercises are considered effective in overcoming POH after CABG. However, this intervention has not been implemented using the dynamic nurse-patient relationship model from Ida Jean Orlando. The dynamic nurse-patient relationship model is expected to improve the quality of nursing care after cardiac surgery.Purpose: This study aimed to describe the application of breathing exercises in postoperative hypoxia after CABG using the dynamic nurse-patient relationship model.Methods: This study was the summary of the case presentation along with the interventions on three patients after CABG through the dynamic nurse-patient relationship model approach with the main intervention focusing on breathing exercises.Results: After three days of implementing the intervention, most patients showed improvement in POH. This condition was evidenced by an increase in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio from less than 200 to above 200, with an average increase of 89.3. The blood gas analysis results supported the results from a respiratory alkalosis condition to a normal PH and a PaCO2 value from <35 mmHg to the normal range (35-45 mmHg). Also, X-rays of the patients showed pulmonary atelectasis improvement.Conclusion:Applying breathing exercises in postoperative hypoxia after CABG using the dynamic nurse-patient relationship model can improve POH in post-cardiac surgery patients. We recommend using the model theory approach because this theory can see patients’ psychological and physical changes dynamically in post-CABG patients.
Quality of Clinical Nursing Education Programme in Ghana: Preceptors’ Perspectives
Authors: Nachinab Gilbert Ti-enkawol , Armstrong Susan Jennifer
Published: September 2022

Background: Clinical education is an important component of the training of nursing students. Preceptors play a key role in the clinical education of nursing students by providing support for the students during clinical placement. There is dearth of studies in the Ghanaian context that has assessed preceptors’ perception of clinical nursing.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess preceptors’ perceptions of the quality of clinical nursing education in Northern Ghana.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted using an already existing questionnaire. Three hundred and nineteen (319) preceptors recruited from three hospitals participated in the study. A proportional quota sampling technique was used to allocate the sample size to the three hospitals and a simple random sampling technique was used to select the participants. The data were analysed using Stata version 15 and the results were presented using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The study findings indicate that the preceptors’ generally perceived that the quality of clinical placement area and clinical assessment were slightly above average as they scored each of them 2.30 on a scale of 0-4 (95% CI:2.21-2.39). The preceptors also perceived that the quality of clinical teaching and learning was average as the they scored it 2.04 on a scale of 0-4 (95% CI:1.95-2.13). Also, the preceptors had a lower level of agreement, 1.75 on a scale of 0-4 (95% CI:2.15 -2.45) regarding teaching and development of the students being the responsibility of only the university.Conclusion: Preceptors perceived that nursing education institutions and clinical facilities need to work together to improve clinical nursing education. This calls for the need for an effective collaboration between clinical facilities and nursing education institutions to develop training programmes for preceptors to improve their skills in clinical teaching and clinical assessment of students.
Evaluasi Kinerja Pelayanan Angkutan Kota Samarinda (Studi Kasus Trayek B)
Authors: Purnomo Riska Anggraini
Published: September 2022

Kota Samarinda memiliki kegiatan perkotaan yang kompleks dengan diarahkannya Kota Samarinda menjadi kawasan yang memiliki nilai strategis dari sudut kepentingan ekonomi, industri perdagangan jasa, sosial dan budaya, sehingga menyebabkan intensitas kegiatan perkotaan di Kota Samarinda menjadi tinggi dan berdampak pada peningkatan pergerakan. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sarana pergerakan berupa moda transportasi salah satunya angkutan kota. Saat ini, angkutan kota Samarinda kurang diminati oleh masyarakat. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan data pengguna jasa angkutan kota Samarinda yang terus menurun dari tahun 2016-2018 sebesar 74% dan pada tahun 2018 jumlah pengguna angkutan kota Samarinda hanya berjumlah 1.125 jiwa. Berkurangnya penggunaan angkutan umum disebabkan karena masyarakat Kota Samarinda masih merasa kurang puas dengan kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan evaluasi terhadap kinerja pelayanan angkutan kota Samarinda trayek B berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan RI Nomor 98 Tahun 2013 menggunakan metode analisis skoring. Adapun hasil evaluasi kinerja pelayanan angkutan trayek B sudah cukup baik. Beberapa variabel yang perlu dilakukan perbaikan guna menciptakan kinerja pelayanan yang optimal yaitu identitas kendaraan, identitas pengemudi, peralatan keselamatan, fasilitas kesehatan, informasi tanggap darurat, kebersihan, informasi pelayanan rute trayek, informasi tarif, informasi jadwal keberangkatan dan kedatangan. Kata kunci: Angkutan kota; Evaluasi; Kinerja Pelayanan
PENGGUNAAN JALUR PEDESTRIAN SEBAGAI SARANA EKONOMI DI KAWASAN MALIOBORO Studi Kasus Jalan Malioboro-Jalan Marga Mulya
Authors: Prasetya Yoga Ferniagus
Published: September 2022

Kawasan Malioboro merupakan salah satu kawasan multifungsi di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, selain terkenal dengan pusat kantor pemerintahan, pusat pariwisata, Kawasan Malioboro juga terkenal dengan pusat perdagangan dan jasa. Sebagai kawasan yang  multifungsi, sudah sewajarnya Kawasan Malioboro ini dilengkapi dengan fasilitas pendukung bagi para wisatawan yang sering mengunjunginya, salah satunya adalah jalur pejalan kaki (pedestrian ways). Terciptanya jalur pedestrian di Kawasan Malioboro dengan fasilitas yang mendukung keamanan dan kenyaman terhadap pejalan kaki membuat Kawasan Malioboro menjadi lebih sering dikunjungi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan jalur pedestrian sebagai sarana ekonomi khususnya bagi para pelaku ekonomi di Kawasan Malioboro (Jalan Malioboro-Jalan Marga Mulya). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan Skala Likert dan skoring. Indikator yang digunakan meliputi produktivitas, pendapatan laba, stabilitas, dan daya beli. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling dengan jumlah sampel 100 responden, meliputi empat jenis PKL yaitu PKL Pakaian, Kuliner, Aksesoris, dan Asongan. Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan jalur pedestrian sebagai sarana ekonomi di Kawasan Malioboro sudah dapat dikatakan efektif bagi para pelaku ekonomi atau memiliki daya guna yang besar bagi para pelaku ekonomi di kawasan tersebut. Adapun jika dirinci berdasarkan variabel hanya variabel tingkat laba yang mendapatkan hasil cukup efektif dikarenakan pengaruh modal dan penjualan. Sedangkan ketiga variabel lain seperti variabel tingkat produksi, rata-rata pendapatan, dan daya beli mendapatkan hasil efektif sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa penggunaan jalur pedestrian sebagai sarana ekonomi pasca penataan wajah baru Kawasan Malioboro telah dioperasionalkan dengan baik sehingga mampu memberi keberlanjutan manfaat bagi para pelaku ekonomi di jalur pedestrian ini. Kata kunci: efektivitas; jalur pedestrian; kawasan
Arahan Penyediaan RTH Privat Berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat Pada Kawasan Permukiman Kumuh di Kelurahan Karang Jati Kota Balikpapan
Authors: Aji Dwi Purnomo Aji Purnomo
Published: September 2022

Minimnya penyediaan RTH privat pada kawasan permukiman kumuh di Kelurahan Karang Jati tepatnya pada RT 31,32,38 dan 39, salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh padatnya jarak antar bangunan sehingga menyebabkan keterbatasan lahan untuk penyediaan RTH privat sebesar 10%. Sehingga perlu adanya alternatif penyediaan RTH privat pada kondisi luas lahan yang terbatas. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mencipatakan lingkungan permukiman yang aman, nyaman, segar dan indah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merumuskan arahan penyediaan RTH privat berbasis partisipasi masyarakat. Sasaran pada penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis luas kebutuhan RTH privat, mengidentifikasi bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dan merumuskan arahan penyediaan RTH privat. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan triangulasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa total luas kebutuhan penyediaan RTH privat di wilayah studi sebesar 1.171 m2. Bentuk partisipasi masyarakat sebagian besar bersedia ikut berpartisipasi dalam bentuk buah pikiran, tenaga, keterampilan dan sosial, sedangkan partisipasi harta benda masyarakat kurang bersedia. Arahan penyediaan RTH privat berbasis partisipasi masyarakat yang diberikan adalah mempertahankan RTH privat yang ada, melakukan pengadaan penghijauan, penyediaan RTH dengan konsep Vertical Garden dan Roof Top, melakukan sosialisasi, memanfaatkan barang bekas untuk pembuatan media tanam, pembagian bibit tanaman, pembangunan rumah bibit, pelatihan keterampilan, kerja bakti penyediaan RTH privat, membuat komunitas hijau dan bank RTH privat.
Neuroendocrine effects of a single bout of functional and core stabilization training in women with chronic nonspecific low back pain: A crossover study
Authors: Santos Marta Silva , Santos Poliana de Jesus , Vasconcelos Alan Bruno Silva , Gomes Ana Carolina Amado , de Oliveira Luciana Maria , Souza Patrícia Rodrigues Marques , Heredia‐Elvar Juan Ramón , Da Silva‐Grigoletto Marzo Edir
Published: September 2022

Exercise‐induced hypoalgesia (EIH) is characterized as the pain reduction after an exercise session and it seems to be related to the release of plasma β‐endorphin. In this sense, the core stabilization training (CT) has been suggested for patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP), but it is unclear whether it induces EIH. Patients with CNSLBP have neuromotor dysfunctions that can affect the performance of functional tasks, thus, performing functional training (FT) could improve motor control and promote EIH, since functional training uses multi‐joint exercises that aim to improve the functionality of actions performed in daily life. EIH is usually assessed using quantitative sensory tests (QST) such as conditioned pain modulation, pressure pain threshold, and temporal summation. Thus, the sum of parameters from quantitative sensory tests and plasma β‐endorphin would make it possible to understand what the neuroendocrine effects of FT and CT session are. Our study compared the acute effect of CT and FT on the EIH and plasma β‐endorphin release, and correlated plasma β‐endorphin with quantitative sensory testing in patients with CNSLBP. Eighteen women performed two training sessions (CT and FT) with an interval of 48 h between sessions. EIH was assessed by QST and plasma β‐endorphin levels. Results showed that only FT significantly increased plasma β‐endorphin (FT p < 0.01; CT p = 0.45), which correlated with pain pressure threshold (PPT) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM). However, QST values were not different in women with CNSLBP after CT or FT protocols. Plasma β‐endorphin correlated with PPT and CPM, however, the same did not occur with a temporal summation.
Heart rate changes and myocardial sodium
Authors: Nelson Gabrielle , Ye Bo , Schock Morgan , Lustgarten Daniel L. , Mayhew Elisabeth K. , Palmer Bradley M. , Meyer Markus
Published: September 2022

Historic studies with sodium ion (Na+) micropipettes and first‐generation fluorescent probes suggested that an increase in heart rate results in higher intracellular Na+‐levels. Using a dual fluorescence indicator approach, we simultaneously assessed the dynamic changes in intracellular Na+ and calcium (Ca2+) with measures of force development in isolated excitable myocardial strip preparations from rat and human left ventricular myocardium at different stimulation rates and modeled the Na+‐effects on the sodium‐calcium exchanger (NCX). To gain further insight into the effects of heart rate on intracellular Na+‐regulation and sodium/potassium ATPase (NKA) function, Na+, and potassium ion (K+) levels were assessed in the coronary effluent (CE) of paced human subjects. Increasing the stimulation rate from 60/min to 180/min led to a transient Na+‐peak followed by a lower Na+‐level, whereas the return to 60/min had the opposite effect leading to a transient Na+‐trough followed by a higher Na+‐level. The presence of the Na+‐peak and trough suggests a delayed regulation of NKA activity in response to changes in heart rate. This was clinically confirmed in the pacing study where CE‐K+ levels were raised above steady‐state levels with rapid pacing and reduced after pacing cessation. Despite an initial Na+ peak that is due to a delayed increase in NKA activity, an increase in heart rate was associated with lower, and not higher, Na+‐levels in the myocardium. The dynamic changes in Na+ unveil the adaptive role of NKA to maintain Na+ and K+‐gradients that preserve membrane potential and cellular Ca2+‐hemostasis.
Can mobilization of bone marrow stem cells be an alternative regenerative therapy to stem cell injection in a rat model of chronic kidney disease?
Authors: Morsy Shereen , Mansour Mona F. , Abdo Mohamed , El‐Wazir Yasser
Published: September 2022

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a priority health problem affecting 36% of Egyptians. Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have multidifferentiation capacity and the ability to restore several types of cells including damaged renal cells. Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) is known to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow to the peripheral circulation. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of endogenous CD34+ cells mobilization and exogenous ADMSCs administration in the treatment of a rat model of adriamycin (ADR)‐induced CKD. A total of 48 male albino rats of the local strain (200 ± 50 g) were equally divided into four groups: control negative, ADR (control positive), ADMSCs group, and G‐CSF group. Six rats from each group were sacrificed after 4 weeks and the other 6 after 12 weeks. Renal function was assessed frequently by measuring serum creatinine, albumin, urea, 24‐h urinary protein level, and hemoglobin level throughout the study. Oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant (TAO) were measured on day 28. CD‐34+ cell percentage was measured on day 9. After the sacrification of the rats, kidneys were removed for histopathological assessment. Results revealed that both ADMSCs and G‐CSF significantly improved serum creatinine, albumin, urea, 24‐h urinary protein level, and histopathological damage score, with the G‐CSF‐treated group showing better improvement in 24‐h urinary protein level, serum albumin, and histopathological damage score compared with ADMSCs‐treated group. The G‐CSF group also had significantly higher levels of CD34+ cells. Oxidative stress markers (MDA and TAO) levels were significantly improved with both therapies. We conclude that mobilization of endogenous hematopoietic stem cells by G‐CSF is more effective than exogenously injected ADMSCs in protecting the kidneys against AD‐induced toxicity.
Identity construction of multilingual parents in the context of parental engagement
Authors: Schörghofer-Queiroz Valéria
Published: September 2022

Parental engagement is a multidimensional construct closely linked to pupils’ success at school. Despite this relevance, multilingual families often face challenges in the process of engaging with their children’s learning, since they might deal with barriers and constraints in the school space due to prevailing structures and dominant ideologies. In order to support their children in their learning process, however, multilingual parents seek to invest in practices and negotiate identities to gain membership in the school community. Considering this context, this ongoing research aims to analyze how multilingual migrant adults with kindergarten and school-aged children construct their identity while engaging with their children’s education. To achieve this goal, case studies have been conducted with multilingual parents in Austria, collecting data from diary entries, narrative interviews and observations of parent-school meetings. This triangulation of methods intends to provide an emic and etic overview of the data, which will be analyzed according to steps proposed by the Discourse Historical Approach and the ethnographic framework. Within this scope, this study aims to contribute to enhance parental engagement by multilingual families in the context of migration, by suggesting a shift from a dominant point of view to a more comprehensive understanding of parental engagement. Besides that, this research also contributes to broaden discussions in the research areas of Educational Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, as well as Teacher Education. This paper is part of the AILA Europe Special Issue in the modality short paper for Junior Researchers, which intends to give a slight overview of an ongoing research.
Robust visualization of trajectory data
Authors: Zhang Ying , Klein Karsten , Deussen Oliver , Gutschlag Theodor , Storandt Sabine
Published: September 2022

The analysis of movement trajectories plays a central role in many application areas, such as traffic management, sports analysis, and collective behavior research, where large and complex trajectory data sets are routinely collected these days. While automated analysis methods are available to extract characteristics of trajectories such as statistics on the geometry, movement patterns, and locations that might be associated with important events, human inspection is still required to interpret the results, derive parameters for the analysis, compare trajectories and patterns, and to further interpret the impact factors that influence trajectory shapes and their underlying movement processes. Every step in the acquisition and analysis pipeline might introduce artifacts or alterate trajectory features, which might bias the human interpretation or confound the automated analysis. Thus, visualization methods as well as the visualizations themselves need to take into account the corresponding factors in order to allow sound interpretation without adding or removing important trajectory features or putting a large strain on the analyst. In this paper, we provide an overview of the challenges arising in robust trajectory visualization tasks. We then discuss several methods that contribute to improved visualizations. In particular, we present practical algorithms for simplifying trajectory sets that take semantic and uncertainty information directly into account. Furthermore, we describe a complementary approach that allows to visualize the uncertainty along with the trajectories.
Analytical design of fiber-optic FM/PM demodulator
Authors: Chattopadhyay Taraprasad , Pal Partha Pratim , Chakraborty Meenakshi
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the concept of a novel optical FM/PM demodulator which can be designed from low-cost passive optical components and can have peak-to-peak bandwidth in the GHz region has been described. The bandwidth can be increased by reducing the single mode fiber length incorporated in the design, which is followed by a corresponding fall in frequency sensitivity of the device. The bandwidth and frequency sensitivity can be traded-off keeping their product a constant. The crossover wavelength can be tuned by changing the length of the optical delay line and the length of the single mode fiber (SMF). The Figure of Merit (FOM) of the demodulator, defined as the bandwidth sensitivity product, has a value of π which is greater than that of a passive hybrid Tee microwave discriminator and those of Mach-Zehnder interferometer-based designs. Calculated third harmonic distortion (3HD) of the demodulated optical FM signal increases with the increase in FM index and with the increase in SMF length for a given modulation frequency. Typical 3HD for the device with SMF length of 1 cm is calculated to be −39.9 dB for FM index = 2 and a modulation frequency of 400 MHz.
Communication challenges and transformations in the Digital Era: emoji language and emoji translation
Authors: Leonardi Vanessa
Published: September 2022

The Digital Age has significantly changed how people communicate. Thanks to technology, people have a large variety of communication tools to choose from, such as emails or instant messaging applications, that allows communication to be easier, quicker and, to a certain extent, more efficient. In this technological scenario, emojis play a fundamental role as a kind of universal form of communication. Furthermore, thanks to translation, which acts as a bridge for people from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds, communication can cross national barriers and spread worldwide. Communication and translation share a common goal that is ‘mutual understanding’. What happens, therefore, when translation meets both technology and emojis in the Digital Age? A new form of communication through translation has emerged, that is emoji translation. The aim of this paper is to show, through a series of examples, how emojis have been recently employed in communication and translation in an attempt to establish whether their use, besides creativity, can be universally accepted and understood worldwide.
Superheterodyne-inspired waveguide-integrated metasurfaces for flexible free-space light manipulation
Authors: Wu Geng-Bo , Zhu Shu-Yan , Pang Stella W. , Chan Chi Hou
Published: September 2022

Metasurfaces have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their unprecedented light-manipulation abilities. However, most metasurfaces so far have relied on external light excitation, prohibiting them from full on-chip integration. Inspired by the superheterodyne principle in radio communications, here we propose a new waveguide-integrated metasurface architecture capable of converting in-plane guided modes into any desired out-of-plane free-space modes. A theoretical model, verified by simulation and experiment, is developed to provide a deep understanding of the involved physical mechanism and facilitate innovative metasurface designs. The judicious design of baseband signals allows the silicon-based superheterodyne metasurfaces to achieve complex light manipulations, including arbitrary-direction beam deflection and focusing. The proposed superheterodyne metasurface is a marriage of radio communications and photonics. It provides a paradigm shift of metasurface designs and empowers integrated photonic devices with extraordinary free-space interactivity capability, enabling a broad spectrum of applications in communications, remoting sensing, and imaging.
Cattle husbandry in the Iron Age and Roman Netherlands: chronological developments and regional differences in cattle frequencies, management, size and shape
Authors: Groot Maaike , Albarella Umberto
Published: September 2022

Cattle are the dominant species in most archaeological sites in the Netherlands during the Iron Age and Roman period. However, there are differences in the relative importance of cattle and in how cattle were managed. The aim of this paper is to find out which changes in cattle husbandry occurred between the Iron Age and Roman period, and whether these changes are related to introduced Roman practices. For this study, the Netherlands was divided into four regions, of which the northern region lies outside the Roman Empire. This allows a comparison of regions within and outside the Roman Empire and the potential identification of differential economic developments.

First, we looked at diachronic changes and regional differences in the relative proportion of cattle compared to the other main domestic species. Second, data on slaughter ages were used to draw conclusions about the main product cattle were kept for: milk, meat or traction. Next, biometric data were used to investigate sex ratios of cattle, which – combined with mortality profiles – inform about management practices. Finally, biometric data were analysed using the log size index method to trace diachronic changes and regional differences in cattle size.

A size increase and the growing role of cattle for traction and as meat providers in towns is also seen in other parts of the northwestern provinces. These changes can directly be related to the Roman occupation and the demand for meat and other animal products.