bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviews
Authors: Carrier David , Sanderson Edward
Published: February 2016

Tseng Kwong Chi: Performing for the Camera, Grey Art Gallery, New York University, New York, 21 April–11 July 2015

Contemporary Chinese Art: A Critical History, Paul Gladston (2014) London: Reaktion Books, 256 pp., ISBN: 978-1780232690, paperback, £25.00
Contemporary Chinese art at the Venice Biennale 2015
Authors: Schöber Felix
Published: February 2016

This photographic article presents installations shots of works by Chinese artists included in the Venice Biennale 2015.
Annona muricata prevent hepatic fibrosis by enhancing lysosomal membrane stability and suppressing extracellular matrix protein accumulation
Authors: Usunobun Usunomena , Okolie Ngozi
Published: February 2016

Background: Hepatic fibrosis is a pre-pathologic state of cirrhosis, which plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Annona muricata leaves on extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, lysosomal membrane integrity and liver damage in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced fibrotic rats.Methods: Healthy adult male wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group I rats received normal saline and served as control, Group II rats were administered 200mg/kg Annona muricata, Group III received 200mg/kg Annona muricata orally simultaneously with 10mg/kg DMN, Group IV received 10 mg/kg DMN without extract. DMN administered intraperitoneally was on first three days of each week for two weeks while Annona muricata was administered for 14 consecutive days. 24 hours after last administration, all animals were sacrificed and blood collected for serum analysis. Biochemical parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total bilirubin (TB), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB) were estimated to assess liver function and synthetic ability while hyaluronic acid (HA) was determined to assess extracellular matrix (ECM) function. In addition, acid phosphatase (ACP) was estimated to assess lysosomal membrane stability/fragility.Results: Liver damage, decreased synthetic ability, lysosomal membrane fragility and altered ECM function were evident by an increase in the levels of LDH, TB, ACP and HA as well as a decrease in level of TP and ALB in sera of rats administered DMN compared to normal rats. However, simultaneous treatment with Annona muricata leaf extract significantly (p<0.05) reversed alterations in the above indices.Conclusion: This study suggests that Annona muricata leaf functions as a potent fibrosuppressant by suppressing ECM accumulation, enhancing lysosomal membrane stability and liver synthetic ability.
Políticas de integración de tecnologías y Formación Inicial de Maestros en Uruguay
Authors: Martínez Barcellos Rosana Elizabeth , Leite Carlinda , Reis Monteiro Angélica María
Published: February 2016

Este artículo, teniendo como problemática la Formación Inicial de Maestros (FIM) en Uruguay, analiza el lugar que en ella tienen las TIC  y cuáles son las influencias (Ball, 1998, 2001; Bowe, Ball & Gold, 1992) que ejercen las políticas internacionales y cómo son recontextualizadas (Bernstein, 1993, 1998). Constituyen preguntas orientadores del estudio: ¿Qué dice la Agenda Global sobre las TIC en la FIM? ¿Qué influencia tienen estas políticas en la FIM? ¿Cómo ocurren procesos de recontextualización? En la componente empírica, el estudio recogió y analizó planes de FIM y entrevistas al director del curso, profesores que aseguran la formación y estudiantes que están realizando su práctica docente. Estos datos, tratados por análisis de contenido, permiten concluir que existe una agenda global que apunta a la necesidad de integración de las TIC en la educación, y como consecuencia de esto, los planes de formación inicial docente deben atender cuestiones que aseguren un uso efectivo de las tecnologías. Esta agenda global influencia las políticas educativas de Uruguay, las que sufren procesos de recontextualización a través de prácticas institucionales que las tienen que adaptar a las necesidades de los estudiantes y profesores. A pesar de eso, a nivel de la formación de maestros, aún es necesario un investimento que permita alcanzar los objetivos hacia los que apuntan las políticas de integración de las TIC.
The Emergence of High-Stakes Accountability Policies in Teacher Preparation: An Examination of the U.S. Department of Education’s Proposed Regulations
Authors: Tatto Maria Teresa , Savage Corey , Liao Wei , Marshall Stefanie L. , Goldblatt Paul , Contreras Leonardo M.
Published: February 2016

Using a sociological framework this article explores the emergence and possible consequences of the 2015 U.S. Department of Education’s proposed federal regulatory policy on teacher education programs and alternative route providers. After describing the key features of the policy, we examine the research literature looking for evidence of the merits of accountability policies in improving teacher education and preparation quality and outcomes. Although there is some research evidence that increased accountability measures may indeed contribute to improving the quality and outcomes of teacher education and preparation, the conditions under which this happens are not straightforward. While the stated aim of the regulatory policy, to ultimately advance student learning, finds widespread support in the education community, research evidence points to a number of validity problems with the overall policy. Of particular concern is the policy’s attempts at establishing a direct link between teacher preparation and two of the regulations’ suggested outcomes, namely graduates’ employment and pupil achievement. The policy as conceived could negatively impact program norms and resources and undermine the development of teachers’ human, cultural, and social capital. We discuss the accreditation challenges that the policy is likely to confront and implications for the future of teacher education and preparation accountability.
Opinions and activities of families regarding money management and saving awareness
Authors: Başal Handan Asude , Taner Derman Meral
Published: February 2016

In order to minimize today’s financial problems, it is needed to increase the literacy levels of individuals starting from their childhood. Consequently, considering the fact that financial literacy is more effective when it is taught in early ages, families of 5-6 year old children going to preschool institutions need to determine the points to take into account regarding financial management and saving awareness. Through this purpose, a structured interview form was used with families of 945 children, 498 of whom are girls and 447 of whom are boys. Frequency and percentage calculations and chi square test were used in analyzing the data.At the end of the research, it was determined that most of preschoolers had moneyboxes and few of them had saving accounts in banks and they received allowances. It was established that educational levels of families have great influence on children when they choose bank accounts or moneyboxes while socio-economical levels of families have influence on having a bank account. Majority of families stated that they try to set an example for their children on savings and ownership and they buy the stuff they children need, not they want. Likewise, most of the families stated that they try to teach their children how to trade economically and make a budget by going to markets and bazaars with them.
Multivariate Analysis of Genotype–Phenotype Association
Authors: Mitteroecker Philipp , Cheverud James M , Pavlicev Mihaela
Published: February 2016

With the advent of modern imaging and measurement technology, complex phenotypes are increasingly represented by large numbers of measurements, which may not bear biological meaning one by one. For such multivariate phenotypes, studying the pairwise associations between all measurements and all alleles is highly inefficient and prevents insight into the genetic pattern underlying the observed phenotypes. We present a new method for identifying patterns of allelic variation (genetic latent variables) that are maximally associated—in terms of effect size—with patterns of phenotypic variation (phenotypic latent variables). This multivariate genotype–phenotype mapping (MGP) separates phenotypic features under strong genetic control from less genetically determined features and thus permits an analysis of the multivariate structure of genotype–phenotype association, including its dimensionality and the clustering of genetic and phenotypic variables within this association. Different variants of MGP maximize different measures of genotype–phenotype association: genetic effect, genetic variance, or heritability. In an application to a mouse sample, scored for 353 SNPs and 11 phenotypic traits, the first dimension of genetic and phenotypic latent variables accounted for >70% of genetic variation present in all 11 measurements; 43% of variation in this phenotypic pattern was explained by the corresponding genetic latent variable. The first three dimensions together sufficed to account for almost 90% of genetic variation in the measurements and for all the interpretable genotype–phenotype association. Each dimension can be tested as a whole against the hypothesis of no association, thereby reducing the number of statistical tests from 7766 to 3—the maximal number of meaningful independent tests. Important alleles can be selected based on their effect size (additive or nonadditive effect on the phenotypic latent variable). This low dimensionality of the genotype–phenotype map has important consequences for gene identification and may shed light on the evolvability of organisms.
Conserved and Diverged Functions of the Calcineurin-Activated Prz1 Transcription Factor in Fission Yeast
Authors: Chatfield-Reed Kate , Vachon Lianne , Kwon Eun-Joo Gina , Chua Gordon
Published: February 2016

Gene regulation in response to intracellular calcium is mediated by the calcineurin-activated transcription factor Prz1 in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Genome-wide studies of the Crz1 and CrzA fungal orthologs have uncovered numerous target genes involved in conserved and species-specific cellular processes. In contrast, very few target genes of Prz1 have been published. This article identifies an extensive list of genes using transcriptome and ChIP-chip analyses under inducing conditions of Prz1, including CaCl2 and tunicamycin treatment, as well as a ∆pmr1 genetic background. We identified 165 upregulated putative target genes of Prz1 in which the majority contained a calcium-dependent response element in their promoters, similar to that of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ortholog Crz1. These genes were functionally enriched for Crz1-conserved processes such as cell-wall biosynthesis. Overexpression of prz1+ increased resistance to the cell-wall degradation enzyme zymolyase, likely from upregulation of the O-mannosyltransferase encoding gene omh1+. Loss of omh1+ abrogates this phenotype. We uncovered a novel inhibitory role in flocculation for Prz1. Loss of prz1+ resulted in constitutive flocculation and upregulation of genes encoding the flocculins Gsf2 and Pfl3, as well as the transcription factor Cbf12. The constitutive flocculation of the ∆prz1 strain was abrogated by the loss of gsf2+ or cbf12+. This study reveals that Prz1 functions as a positive and negative transcriptional regulator of genes involved in cell-wall biosynthesis and flocculation, respectively. Moreover, comparison of target genes between Crz1/CrzA and Prz1 indicate some conservation in DNA-binding specificity, but also substantial rewiring of the calcineurin-mediated transcriptional regulatory network.
Back Matter
Authors: Al-Iqtishad_2015 Jurnal
Published: February 2016

DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v7i1.2620
Medicaid and CHIP Premiums and Access to Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Saloner Brendan , Hochhalter Stephanie , Sabik Lindsay
Published: February 2016

BACKGROUND:

Premiums are required in Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program in many states. Effects of premiums are raised in policy debates.

OBJECTIVE:

Our objective was to review effects of premiums on children’s coverage and access.

DATA SOURCES:

PubMed was used to search academic literature from 1995 to 2014.

STUDY SELECTION:

Two reviewers initially screened studies by using abstracts and titles, and 1 additional reviewer screened proposed studies. Included studies focused on publicly insured children, evaluated premium changes in at least 1 state/local program, and used longitudinal or repeated cross-sectional data with pre/postchange measures.

DATA EXTRACTION:

We identified 263 studies of which 17 met inclusion criteria.

RESULTS:

Four studies examined population-level coverage effects by using national survey data, 11 studies examined trends in disenrollment and reenrollment by using administrative data, and 2 studies measured additional outcomes. No eligible studies evaluated health status effects. Increases in premiums were associated with increased disenrollment rates in 7 studies that permitted comparison. Larger premium increases and stringent enforcement tended to have larger effects on disenrollment. At a population level, premiums reduce public insurance enrollment and may increase the uninsured rate for lower-income children. Little is known about effects of premiums on spending or access to care, but 1 study reveals premiums are unlikely to yield substantial revenue.

LIMITATIONS:

Effect sizes were difficult to compare across studies with administrative data.

CONCLUSIONS:

Public insurance premiums often increase disenrollment from public insurance and may have unintended consequences on overall coverage for low-income children.
Modern technology of physical education of disabled students in conditions of inclusive education
Authors: Adyrkhaev S.G.
Published: February 2016

There is a problem of physical education of disabled students during period of their study in higher educational establishments. Insufficiency of this problem’s studying conditioned fulfillment of research of perfection of physical education and sports system. Purpose: substantiation of physical education pedagogic technology for disabled students. Material: in experiment students with following nosologies participated: hearing, eyesight, muscular-skeletal apparatus, after effects of cerebral palsy, somatic diseases and diabetes. In total 664 students of 18-24 years’ age took part in experiment. They were 337 boys and 307 girls. Results: we have worked out organizational-methodic algorithm, which permits to combine theoretical, scientific-methodic and practical training. Its basis is current information about students’ psychic-physiological condition. We determined levels of health and physical condition, physical workability and physical fitness as well as psychic state of students. Demand in optimization of students’ motor functioning during all period of study was substantiated as well as effective means of physical education and pulse regimes, considering peculiarities of nosologies. Students’ orientation on sport style of life was formed. Conclusions: implementation of physical education pedagogic technology for students with different nosologies in the process of their studying stipulates solution of training, health-related and educational tasks. It is possible through creation of conditions for motor actions’ training and intensification of motor functioning during all period of study. Practical application of the technology and received results points at integration of disabled students in students’ medium.
Peculiarities of military officers’ physical perfection during troops’ being in conditions of positional defense
Authors: Hlazunov S.I.
Published: February 2016

Purpose: to determine demand and opportunities of military officers’ physical perfection in conditions of positional defense. Material: in research personnel of companies’ strong points (n = 32), scouts (n = 26), drivers of military automobile transport (n = 23) participated. Results: it was found that 64% of mobilized military officers prefer to practice physical perfection in period of fighting capability’s restoration. Only 27% had desire to physically train. 16% practice physical training. 13% of personnel practice physical training from time to time. We found insufficient level of military officers’ applied skills. It was determined that key factor in formation of military officers’ demand in physical perfection was their inner motivation, based on own experience of sports trainings. Conclusions: Troops’ being in conditions of positional defense for long time is not an obstacle for realization of military officers’ demand in physical perfection. Character of military officers’ functioning in zone of conflict permits to organize systemic process of physical training by means of fulfillment of power oriented physical exercises and improvement of some applied skills.
Gender piculiarities and distinctions in physical condition’s self description of different age categories girls and boys
Authors: Marchenko O.Yu.
Published: February 2016

Purpose: to study gender peculiarities and distinctions in physical condition’s self-description of schoolchildren. Material: in the research schoolchildren of 5-11 form (boys -- n=177, girls- n=188) participated. Test-questionnaire “Self description of physical condition” was used. Results: it was found that correlations of indicators of all age categories have gender distinctions. It was determined that boys associate heir health with own self-assessment and physical qualities: coordination of movements, flexibility. Girls connect their health with physical functioning and own physical abilities. Boys connect physical coordination of movements with strength. Girls connect it with appearance. Besides, it was found that boys connect their self-assessment directly with their strength and physical activity. For girls these indicators are not very important. Conclusions: approaches to solution of gender stereotypes and imbalance in adolescents’ physical development are recommended. It is purposeful to work out conception of gender approach to physical education. It would permit: to facilitate development of individual bents and talents of pupils of different sex; to overcome sex-role stereotypes; more effective formation of physical culture values.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FLOW STATE IN BASKETBALL PERFORMANCE: A PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBE
Authors: Nishan Singh Deol , Davinder Singh
Published: February 2016

Purpose: The present study was conducted to examine the flow state in basketball performance. Materials: The investigator had selected Forty Five (N=45) female basketball players of 19 to 25 years of age to act as subjects. They were divided into three groups; (i.e., N1=15; District, N2=15; State and N3=15 National). The purposive sampling technique was used to select the subjects. All the subjects, after having been informed about the objective and protocol of the study, gave their consent and volunteered to participate in this study. Statistical Analyses: To measure the level of dispositional flow state of the subjects, the flow state battery constructed by Jackson & Eklund (2004) was administered. One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to find out the intra-group differences. Where F values were found significant, LSD (Least Significant Difference) Post-hoc test was applied to find out the direction and degree of difference. For testing the hypotheses, the level of significance was set at 0.05. Results & Conclusion: The results revealed no significant differences were found among female basketball players on the sub-variables of Dispositional Flow Scale-2 i.e., Challenge Skill Balance, Action-Awareness Merging, Clear Goals, Unambiguous Feedback, Concentration on the Task at Hand, Sense of Control, Loss of Self-Consciousness, Time transformation and Autotelic experience.
Fontes de obtenção de medicamentos para hipertensão e diabetes no Brasil: resultados de inquérito telefônico nas capitais brasileiras e no Distrito Federal, 2011
Authors: Costa Karen Sarmento , Francisco Priscila Maria S. Bergamo , Malta Débora Carvalho , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo
Published: February 2016

Resumo Analisar as diferenças entre diabéticos e hipertensos em relação ao tratamento medicamentoso e suas fontes de obtenção. Trata-se de estudo transversal com dados do VIGITEL, realizado em 2011 nas capitais brasileiras. Cerca de 72% dos 15.027 hipertensos e 78,2% dos 4.083 diabéticos estavam em tratamento medicamentoso; 45,8% dos hipertensos obtiveram medicamento nas unidades de saúde públicas, 15,9% no Farmácia Popular e 38,3% em drogarias/farmácias e outras fontes. Entre os diabéticos, encontrou-se 54,4%; 16,2%; e 29,4%, respectivamente. Nas unidades de saúde os percentuais foram mais elevados entre os menos escolarizados, cor de pele preta ou parda e sem plano privado de saúde, e as prevalências de obtenção na Farmácia Popular, drogarias/farmácias e outras fontes foram mais elevadas entre os mais escolarizados, cor de pele branca e com plano privado. O acesso às diferentes fontes de medicamentos apresentou disparidades entre as regiões e capitais brasileiras e entre os segmentos sociais da população.
VARIAÇÃO GENÉTICA PARA CARACTERES SILVICULTURAIS EM TRÊS ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS DA REGIÃO DO BOLSÃO SUL-MATO-GROSSENSE
Authors: Otsubo Helena de Cássia Brassaloti , Moraes Mario Luiz Teixeira de , Moraes Marcela Aparecida de , José Neto Maria , Freitas Miguel Luiz Menezes , Costa Reginaldo Brito da , Resende Marcos Deon Vilela de , Sebbenn Alexandre Magno
Published: February 2016

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a variação genética e a seleção das melhores progênies de Myracrodruon urundeuva, Astronium fraxinifolium e Terminalia argentea, quanto aos caracteres de crescimento, em Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul. O teste de progênie foi instalado utilizando o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com 28 tratamentos, quatro repetições e dez plantas por parcela em linhas simples, no espaçamento 1,5 x 3,0 m. Aos 14 anos de idade, as progênies foram avaliadas quantos aos caracteres: altura (ALT); diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP); diâmetro médio da copa (DMC); forma do tronco (FT, escala de notas, variando de 1 a 5) e sobrevivência (SOB). Foram encontradas altas herdabilidades entre médias de progênies para os caracteres DAP (0,67), DMC (0,57) e forma do tronco (0,83), respectivamente. O ganho predito para DAP indica que a seleção baseada em informações, tanto de progênies, quanto de indivíduos dentro de progênies foram substanciais, o que denota uma boa perspectiva de exploração da variabilidade genética ao longo de um programa de melhoramento genético para as espécies estudadas, assim como o estabelecimento de estratégias para futura formação de um pomar de sementes.
INFLUÊNCIA DOS FATORES AMBIENTAIS NO COMPONENTE ARBÓREO DE FRAGMENTOS FLORESTAIS EM SÃO FRANCISCO DE PAULA - RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Rorato Daniele Guarienti , Araujo Maristela Machado , Tabaldi Luciane Almeri , Tonetto Thaíse da Silva , Rovedder Ana Paula Moreira , Dutra Adriana Falcão
Published: February 2016

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral caracterizar a influência do solo e da topografia no componente arbóreo de fragmentos, no entorno do Reservatório Divisa, na região dos Campos de Cima da Serra, Sul do Brasil. O levantamento da vegetação foi realizado em quatro fragmentos, sendo em cada parcela (10 x 20 m) efetuada a identificação e medição da circunferência à altura do peito (CAP) dos indivíduos com CAP ≥ 30 cm. Os dados de vegetação foram submetidos à análise de agrupamento. Adicionalmente, foram obtidas as variáveis ambientais, como declividade média das parcelas e amostras de solo, na camada de 0-20 cm de profundidade. A correlação entre os dados ambientais e de vegetação foi realizada por meio da Análise de Correspondência Canônica. As características físicas do solo não apresentaram influência nos grupos formados e nas espécies. Nos capões, a constante presença do gado influenciou negativamente a estrutura do sub-bosque, assim como as características químicas do solo. Alumínio e saturação por alumínio apresentaram maior influência nas espécies predominantes da mata ciliar enquanto cobre e enxofre influenciaram as espécies presentes nos capões. Espécies como Araucaria angustifolia, Eugenia uruguayensis, Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Calyptranthes concinna, Lithraea brasiliensis, Myrsine coriacea, Ocotea pulchella e Sebastiania commersoniana são adaptadas à mata ciliar, podendo ser utilizadas na recuperação e enriquecimento desses ambientes.
ROOTING OF GUANANDI (Calophyllum brasilienseCAMBESS) CUTTINGS USING INDOLE-BUTYRIC ACID
Authors: Ciriello Eduardo , Mori Edson Seizo
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT Commercial reforestation of Brazilian native species to produce hardwood for sawmills has been recently intensified in the country. Among the potential species planted by the logging industry is guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess) because it is widely distributed in the country, highly adapted to different soil and climate conditions, good bole form and high quality timber. The development of genetic improvement programs should prioritize gains in productivity and yields in the medium and long term. For such programs to be successful, the study of vegetative propagation techniques to abbreviate steps in forest improvement and allow its mass production is fundamental. To assess the viability of vegetative propagation of the species, two successive experiments were carried out during two years testing the best type of cutting, hormone concentration and management. Different cuttings types submitted to increasing doses of indole-butyric acid (IBA) were tested to evaluate survival, sprouting, rooting and callus formation. Results indicate that the species is viable for vegetative propagation with 85 to 90% rooting of cuttings from seedlings in the IBA concentrations of 3000 to 7000 mg.L-1. For the cuttings, sprouting from the base of adult trees 3000 mg.L-1 was the best concentration of IBA.
CARACTERÍSTICAS ANATÔMICAS E PROPRIEDADES FÍSICO-MECÂNICAS DAS MADEIRAS DE DUAS ESPÉCIES DE MOGNO AFRICANO
Authors: França Tâmara Suely Filgueira Amorim , Arantes Marina Donária Chaves , Paes Juarez Benigno , Vidaurre Graziela Baptista , Oliveira José Tarcísio da Silva , Baraúna Edy Eime Pereira
Published: February 2016

RESUMO O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as características anatômicas e propriedades físico-mecânicas das madeiras de duas espécies de mogno africano (Khaya ivorensis e Khaya senegalensis). Foram utilizadas cinco árvores de cada espécie com 19 anos de idade, proveniente de parcelas experimentais implantadas nas áreas da Reserva Natural Vale, Sooretama, Espírito Santo. Para a característica anatômica foram utilizadas amostras retiradas na posição de transição entre cerne e alburno (cerne periférico). Na avaliação da massa específica básica foram empregadas duas cunhas opostas dos discos obtidos na região correspondente ao diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP), tomado a 1,30 m do solo, e nas posições 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 % da altura comercial da árvore. Para a retratibilidade foram retiradas 20 amostras obtidas aleatoriamente ao longo do tronco de cada espécie. Os ensaios mecânicos foram realizados em amostras obtidas do pranchão central, ao ser descartada a medula. As espécies foram diferentes quanto ao tipo e frequência de vasos e porosidade. Os raios foram predominantemente multisseriados e heterocelulares e as fibras libriformes. A madeira de Khaya ivorensis possui massa específica baixa, enquanto a de Khaya senegalensis, massa específica média. As duas espécies possuem estabilidade dimensional normal. Em relação as propriedades mecânicas, a madeira de Khaya senegalensis teve os maiores valores para todos os ensaios realizados.
FLORISTIC COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO TREE COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH HABITAT DESCRIPTOR VARIABLES
Authors: Morel Jean Daniel , Santos Rubens Manoel dos , Fontes Marco Aurélio Leite , Garcia Paulo Oswaldo , Souza Fernanda Maria de
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT The knowledge about the influence of habitat variables is essential to understand the underlying ecological patterns in vegetation. This study compared the floristic composition of two forest communities located in different altitudes. Associated with this comparison, we used a methodology where habitat descriptor variables were scaled and interpreted by the biotic set sampled. We constructed one matrix with scores given to physical, biotic, vegetation, and anthropogenic variables in the field and one matrix with the species sampled and performed multivariate analyses. We found that the floristic communities differ between the different altitudes and that the methodology used showed significant variables for the ecological characterization of the sampled habitat.
O MÉTODO DE QUADRANTES PARA ESTIMATIVA DE VARIÁVEIS QUANTITATIVAS EM PLANOS DE MANEJO NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Oliveira Gabriel da Silva , Cavalcanti Francisco José de Barros , Melo Lucas Amaral de , Monte Marco Antonio
Published: February 2016

RESUMO Objetivou-se, no presente trabalho, avaliar o método de quadrantes na estimativa da abundância (A), área basal (G) e volume comercial (V) de uma área de Floresta Ombrófila na Amazônia. Foram simuladas amostragens por dois processos (aleatório e sistemático) com diferentes tamanhos de amostra, variando de 100 a 200 pontos de amostragem. Os valores estimados pelas amostragens foram comparados com os valoreis reais das variáveis registradas no censo, considerando-se a população com DAP ≥ 40 cm em uma área de 1.000 ha de floresta, submetida ao plano de manejo sustentável. O método de quadrantes não atingiu o nível de exatidão desejado para as variáveis área basal e volume comercial, superestimando os seus valores reais registrados no censo. No entanto, a precisão de suas estimativas para abundância, área basal e volume comercial foi satisfatória para a aplicação do método em inventários florestais destinados a planos de manejo na Amazônia.
Prática pedagógica de enfermeiros de Saúde da Família no desenvolvimento da Educação em Saúde
Authors: Almeida Edmar Rocha , Moutinho Cinara Botelho , Leite Maisa Tavares de Souza
Published: February 2016

Este estudo objetivou analisar, a partir da percepção de enfermeiros, a prática da educação em saúde no contexto da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Montes Claros, MG, Brasil. Trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa, descritiva e dialética cujos sujeitos foram oito enfermeiros residentes em saúde da família. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas não estruturadas gravadas e transcritas para posterior análise do discurso. Os resultados revelaram duas categorias empíricas dicotômicas: a educação em saúde hegemônica e a prática dialógica. As contradições do discurso foram evidenciadas, pois, ao mesmo tempo em que os sujeitos descrevem uma educação participativa e problematizadora também relatam práticas baseadas na imposição de ideias e condicionamento da população. Deste modo, ficou demonstrada a pluralidade da realidade com avanços e retrocessos, traduzindo seu devir.
Discursos práticos sobre ocorrências, processos decisórios e decorrências de Conferências Municipais de Saúde
Authors: Miranda Alcides Silva de , Moreira Ana Ester Maria Melo , Cavalcanti Caio Garcia Correia Sá , Bezerra Fernanda Machado , Oliveira Jéssica da Costa de , Rezende Regiane
Published: February 2016

Que significados podem ser evidenciados em discursos de participantes de Conferências Municipais de Saúde acerca de tais eventos, seus processos decisórios e decorrências? Para analisar tais discursos práticos, referidos a eventos ocorridos em seis municípios do Ceará em 2007, realizou-se estudo de casos múltiplos, a partir de análise documental, entrevistas e grupos focais, com análise hermenêutica e dialética. Sobre as ocorrências dos eventos, evidenciam-se as oportunidades de expressão e mobilização de alguns grupos de interesses por demandas específicas, em cenários de interlocução competitiva e busca de mediações políticas visando eficácia simbólica eventual. Dentre as decorrências a partir das decisões deliberadas, destacam-se discursos sobre a negligência de governos municipais na incorporação dessas demandas em suas agendas políticas e na implantação de estratégias institucionais correspondentes. Como, também, a ausência de monitoramento a fim por parte dos respectivos Conselhos Municipais de Saúde.
Reflexões de professores de inglês em formação sobre o uso de Webquests Interativas e Adaptáveis no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da língua inglesa
Authors: Canto Camila Gonçalves dos Santos do
Published: February 2016

Resumo: O presente estudo, de cunho qualitativo, é um recorte da tese de doutorado da autora a qual propôs um novo modelo de Webquest voltado ao ensino de línguas por meio de um sistema interativo de autoria - a ferramenta Elo Cloud. Os resultados aqui apresentados voltam-se ao papel reflexivo de futuros professores de língua inglesa quanto ao uso das Webquests Interativas e Adaptáveis nas práticas de ensino e aprendizagem de línguas. As reflexões feitas a partir da fala dos professores em formação demonstraram que as Webquests Interativas e Adaptáveis são potencializadoras no processo de aprendizagem de línguas por fornecerem conteúdos interativos e dinâmicos que focam no aprendizado da língua inglesa.
O twitter como esfera pública: como foram descritos os candidatos durante os debates presidenciais do 2º turno de 2014?
Authors: Recuero Raquel
Published: February 2016

Resumo: O presente artigo discute como o Twitter, enquanto esfera pública, reproduz discursos que descrevem os candidatos a presidência, Aécio Neves (PSDB) e Dilma Rousseff (PT), durante três debates presidenciais do segundo turno das eleições de 2014. Através de análise de contingência e de análise de redes sociais, discutimos um conjunto de dados obtido de forma automática da API do Twitter. Nossos resultados apontam para descrições negativas de ambos os candidatos, notadamente com relação à Dilma. Enquanto Aécio Neves recebe críticas relacionadas à sua atuação nos debates, Dilma Rousseff é criticada principalmente quanto a seu aspecto físico, e também quanto à sua capacidade intelectual e, por fim, quanto à sua atuação nos debates. Esses resultados apontam para uma tendência à presença de violência de gênero nos comentários negativos, focando preconceitos quanto à mulher no caso de Dilma.
Soil Fauna Communities and Soil Attributes in the Agroforests of Paraty
Authors: Silva Miguel Seabra Corrêa da , Correia Maria Elizabeth Fernandes , Silva Eliane Maria Ribeiro da , Maddock John Edmund Lewis , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Silva Cristiane Figueira da
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT We conducted the present study in Paraty, southeastern Brazil, in areas under different management regimes and plant cover. The study comprised two different agroforestry systems (AFS-1 and AFS-2), a secondary forest, and a cassava monoculture. We aimed at assessing the effects of land use on the soil fauna and its relationship with soil chemical (pH, Al, Ca, Mg, P, K, carbon, and organic matter) and microbiological attributes (soil microbial biomass carbon - SMB-C, soil respiration – SR, metabolic quotient - qCO2, microbial biomass carbon - C-mic). During winter, AFS-2 showed higher abundance of microphagous, saprophagous, and total individuals than the other areas. AFS-1 and the forest showed an increased abundance of Formicidae and phytophagous groups from winter to summer. The soil fauna and community structure showed that the studied agroforests are under regeneration, becoming more similar to the native forest, where ecological processes are considered efficient.
Role of Terrestrial Bromeliads in Nutrient Cycling, Restinga da Marambaia, Brazil
Authors: Souza Rodrigo Camara de , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Menezes Luis Fernando Tavares de , Silveira Filho Telmo Borges , Silva Avelino Nogueira da
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT This study quantified the aboveground biomass and nutrient contents in terrestrial bromeliads in a dune forest at Restinga da Marambaia, RJ. Data of individuals in “quadrats” (4 m2) marked on a line perpendicular to the sea were collected in August 2001. Diameter (d) and height (h) were the variables that best correlated with the biomass of Quesnelia quesneliana, which presented highest biomass and concentrations of K. The total number of leaves was the variable that best correlated with the biomass of Billbergia amoena and Neoregelia cruenta. N. cruenta presented the highest concentrations of N and P. Nutrient contents were higher in Q. quesneliana.
ERICA: prevalence of healthy eating habits among Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Barufaldi Laura Augusta , Abreu Gabriela de Azevedo , Oliveira Juliana Souza , Santos Debora França dos , Fujimori Elizabeth , Vasconcelos Sandra Mary Lima , Vasconcelos Francisco de Assis Guedes de , Tavares Bruno Mendes
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of eating habits considered healthy in adolescents according to sex, age, education level of the mother, school type, session of study, and geographic region. METHODS The assessed data come from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, national and school-based study. Adolescents of 1,247 schools of 124 Brazilian municipalities were evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire with a section on aspects related to eating behaviors. The following eating behaviors were considered healthy: consuming breakfast, drinking water, and having meals accompanied by parents or legal guardians. All prevalence estimates were presented proportionally, with their respective 95% confidence intervals. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences in healthy eating habits prevalences according to other variables. The module survey of the Stata program version 13.0 was used to analyze complex data. RESULTS We evaluated 74,589 adolescents (72.9% of the eligible students). Of these, 55.2% were female, average age being 14.6 years (SD = 1.6). Among Brazilian adolescents, approximately half of them showed healthy eating habits when consuming breakfast, drinking five or more glasses of water a day, and having meals with parents or legal guardians. All analyzed healthy eating habits showed statistically significant differences by sex, age, type of school, session of study, or geographic region. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that specific actions of intersectoral approach are implemented for the dissemination of the benefits of healthy eating habits. Older female adolescents (15 to 17 years old) who studied in public schools, resided in the Southeast region, and whose mothers had lower education levels, should be the focus of these actions since they present lower frequencies concerning the evaluated healthy habits.
ERICA: patterns of alcohol consumption in Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Coutinho Evandro Silva Freire , França-Santos Debora , Magliano Erika da Silva , Bloch Katia Vergetti , Barufaldi Laura Augusta , Cunha Cristiane de Freitas , Vasconcellos Maurício Teixeira Leite de , Szklo Moyses
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the patterns of alcohol consumption in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS We investigated adolescents who participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). This is a cross-sectional, national and school-based study, which surveyed adolescents of 1,247 schools from 124 Brazilian municipalities. Participants answered a self-administered questionnaire with a section on alcoholic beverages consumption. Measures of relative frequency (prevalence), and their 95% confidence intervals, were estimated for the following variables: use of alcohol beverages in the last 30 days, frequency of use, number of glasses or doses consumed in the period, age of the first use of alcohol, and most consumed type of drink. Data were estimated for country and macro-region, sex, and age group. The module survey of the Stata program was used for data analysis of complex sample. RESULTS We evaluated 74,589 adolescents, who accounted for 72.9% of eligible students. About 1/5 of adolescents consumed alcohol at least once in the last 30 days and about 2/3 in one or two occasions during this period. Among the adolescents who consumed alcoholic beverages, 24.1% drank it for the first time before being 12 years old, and the most common type of alcoholic beverages consumed by them were drinks based on vodka, rum or tequila, and beer. CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of alcohol consumption among adolescents, as well as their early onset of alcohol use. We also identified a possible change in the preferred type of alcoholic beverages compared with previous research.
ERICA: intake of macro and micronutrients of Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Souza Amanda de Moura , Barufaldi Laura Augusta , Abreu Gabriela de Azevedo , Giannini Denise Tavares , Oliveira Cecília Lacroix de , Santos Marize Melo dos , Leal Vanessa Sá , Vasconcelos Francisco de Assis Guedes
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe food and macronutrient intake profile and estimate the prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake of Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data from 71,791 adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years were evaluated in the 2013-2014 Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Food intake was estimated using 24-hour dietary recall (24-HDR). A second 24-HDR was collected in a subsample of the adolescents to estimate within-person variability and calculate the usual individual intake. The prevalence of food/food group intake reported by the adolescents was also estimated. For sodium, the prevalence of inadequate intake was estimated based on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) method used as cutoff was applied to estimate the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake. All the analyses were stratified according to sex, age group and Brazilian macro-regions. All statistical analyses accounted for the sample weight and the complex sampling design. RESULTS Rice, beans and other legume, juice and fruit drinks, breads and meat were the most consumed foods among the adolescents. The average energy intake ranged from 2,036 kcal (girls aged from 12 to 13 years) to 2,582 kcal (boy aged from14 to 17 years). Saturated fat and free sugar intake were above the maximum limit recommended (< 10.0%). Vitamins A and E, and calcium were the micronutrients with the highest prevalence of inadequate intake (> 50.0%). Sodium intake was above the UL for more than 80.0% of the adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The diets of Brazilian adolescents were characterized by the intake of traditional Brazilian food, such as rice and beans, as well as by high intake of sugar through sweetened beverages and processed foods. This food pattern was associated with an excessive intake of sodium, saturated fatty acids and free sugar.
Response rate in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents – ERICA
Authors: Silva Thiago Luiz Nogueira da , Klein Carlos Henrique , Souza Amanda de Moura , Barufaldi Laura Augusta , Abreu Gabriela de Azevedo , Kuschnir Maria Cristina Caetano , Vasconcellos Mauricio Teixeira Leite de , Bloch Katia Vergetti
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the response rate and characteristics of people who either took part or not in from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) , according to information subsets. METHODS ERICA is a school-based, nation-wide investigation with a representative sample of 12 to 17-year-old adolescents attending public or private schools in municipalities with over 100,000 inhabitants in Brazil. Response rate of eligible subjects were calculated according to macro-regions, sex, age, and type of school (public or private). We also calculated the percentages of replacement schools in comparison with the ones originally selected as per the sample design, according to the types of schools in the macro-regions. The subjects and non-subjects were compared according to sex, age, and average body mass indices (kg/m2). RESULTS We had 102,327 eligible adolescents enrolled in the groups drawn. The highest percentage of complete information was obtained for the subset of the questionnaire (72.9%). Complete information regarding anthropometric measurements and the ones from the questionnaire were obtained for 72.0% of the adolescents, and the combination of these data with the 24-hour dietary recall were obtained for 70.3% of the adolescents. Complete information from the questionnaire plus biochemical blood evaluation data were obtained for 52.5% of the morning session adolescents (selected for blood tests). The response percentage in private schools was higher than the one in public schools for most of the combination of information. The ratio of older and male adolescents non-participants was higher than the ratio among participants. CONCLUSIONS The response rate for non-invasive procedures was high. The response rate for blood collection – an invasive procedure that requires a 12-hour fasting period and the informed consent form from legal guardians – was lower. The response rate observed in public schools was lower than in the private ones, and that may reflect lower school frequency of registered students.
Methods of Pedagogical Control of Motor Abilities Development in Seventh-Ninth Grade Boys
Authors: Іващенко О. В. , Єрмаков С. С. , Карпунець Т. В. , Крінін Ю. В. , Назаренко С. В.
Published: February 2016

The research objective is to define methodological approaches to pedagogical control of the level of motor abilities development in middle schoolers.Materials and methods. To achieve the objectives set, the research relied on following methods used: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing and methods of mathematical statistics. The participants in the study were 24 seventh grade boys, 17 eighth grade boys, and 17 ninth grade boys.Research results. The discriminant function can serve as a classifier for the age peculiarities of motor and functional readiness in seventh-ninth grade boys. The discriminant function equations allow to correctly classify 95.8% of the grouped data.The priority in the factor structure of readiness of the seventh grade boys belongs to the functional, coordination and strength readiness. For the eighth grade boys, it is functional, coordination and strength readiness, and for the ninth grade boys — strength, functional and coordination readiness.Conclusions. The final pedagogical control of motor and functional readiness of the seventh grade boys can use the first discriminant function with emphasis on the most informative variables. Such physical education can be considered effective if the results shown by the seventh grade boys  are classified as results similar to those displayed by the eighth grade boys.In the final pedagogical control of motor and functional readiness in eighth grade boys, the reference point is the results of the ninth grade boys with emphasis on the most informative indicators of the discriminant function.
Evaluating Effectiveness of Different Models of Teaching Combinations of Basic Aerobics Movements to Female Students of Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Куделко В. Є. , Сластіна О. О.
Published: February 2016

The paper illustrates the process of teaching combinations of basic recreational aerobics movements to female students of higher educational institutions using different methods. It experimentally proves its effectiveness. The study shows that the most effective methods of the ones considered in terms of mastering combinations of basic aerobics movements are the following: the method of linear progression, the “from-head-to-tail” method and the circular method. The participants of the experiment showed much lower results in mastering the aerobic movements by the “zigzag” method.