bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of a New Chemically Resistant Sprayed Mixture
Authors: Figala Petr , Drochytka Rostislav , Černý Vit , Dohnálek Pavel
Published: August 2022

This paper deals with research and development of a new chemically resistant sprayed mixture based on portland cement and special admixtures. The new material will be part of a comprehensive remediation system for the remediation of chemically attacked and stressed sewer structures. The aim of this work is to verify the effect of the amount of crystalline waterproofing admixture on selected physical-mechanical characteristics and chemical resistance, specifically resistance to the attack of sulphate solution and the attack of aggressive biogenic sulfuric acid solution. Furthermore, the resulting characteristics of test specimens manufactured in the laboratory and test specimens made by spraying into boxes and subsequent cutting to the required dimensions were compared. Due to the fact that there is currently no official methodology in the Czech Republic for testing the chemical resistance of cementitious materials intended for sewage environments, the methodology was used in accordance with DIN 19573 "Draft on mortars for construction and rehabilitation sewer systems". The sulphate resistance was determined for test specimens measuring 160×40×10mm, which were exposed to a solution of sulphate salts with a concentration of 29.8g / l (44g/l Na2SO4) for 91days. To determinate the resistance to biogenic sulfuric acid, special tanks were assembled in which the test specimens, measuring 80×40×40mm, were exposed for 14 days to a solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with a molar concentration of 1,0mol/l (pH=0). The results of this work show the optimal amount of crystalline waterproofing admixture. The results of this work will be used in the next phase of research, when cement and some fillers will be substituted by selected secondary raw materials, namely to improve or at least maintain the key characteristics of the final sprayed mixture. Keywords: Sprayed mixture, Sulphates, Biogenic sulfuric acid, Chemical resistance, Crystalline waterproofing admixture
Ultrasonic-Assisted Synthesis of Germanane and Siloxane Nanostructures
Authors: Kouloumpis Antonios , Potsi Georgia , Giousis Theodosis , Chalmpes Nikolaos , Gournis Dimitrios , Rudolf Petra
Published: August 2022

As an emerging subgroup of 2D materials, monoelemental layered materials and their hydrogenated analogues (Xanes) such as silicane and germanane, have attracted considerable interest due to their remarkable combination of physical, chemical, and (opto)electronic properties. On the other hand, changing the size and structure of two-dimensional materials result to nanostructures with new and unique properties. In this direction, here we present the transformation of germanane and siloxane sheets into nanoscrolls and nanodots respectively, towards the generation of novel 0D and 1D nanostructures.
The Effect of Solvents on the Preparation of Poly(9,9-Dioctylfluorene) Thin Films
Authors: Wei Chew Kang , Abdul Rahim Nor Azura , Teh Pei Leng , Abdul Hisam Nurfatin Syafiqah
Published: August 2022

The optoelectronic properties of Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) are highly influenced by the existence of a well-defined chain extended “β-phase” conformational isomer. This study aims to evaluate the produced PFO films optical properties. Pristine PFO films and aggregated PFO films were fabricated by the solvent casting method. PFO was first dissolved in chloroform and toluene separately. Meanwhile, for aggregated film, different percentage of methanol (poor solvent) was added to the PFO solution to induce β-phase formation. UV-vis measurement and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the films. The results reveal that PFO was fully soluble in chloroform while moderately soluble in toluene. This result was further confirmed by micrograph; the PFO film prepared from chloroform exhibited glassy conformation. While for the aggregation system, the absorption spectra of β-phase becoming more intense as methanol content increase.
Determination of Initial Shear Strength of Masonry Testing of Selected Adhesives
Authors: Richterova Kristyna , Heinrich Pavel , Bily Petr
Published: August 2022

The following paper deals with the comparison of characteristic initial shear strength of masonry specimens made of innovative Heluz bricks and selected adhesives. The characteristic initial shear strength of masonry was determined according to ČSN EN 1052-3. Five different adhesives were tested in total. The characteristic initial shear strength of masonry was also researched depending on the amount of applied adhesive – this was determined for two adhesives. The specimens were made of three shaped bricks and a defined adhesive. Twenty-one large specimens were produced in total and they were put to the shear test in the age of one day. Adhesives available on the Czech market and foreign adhesives were tested. Selected adhesives were applied to the bed joints of bricks according to the usual standards. The produced specimens were stayed overnight in the production hall of the Heluz brick plant in Dolní Bukovsko and tested in the age of one day in the laboratory according to stated methods in appropriate norm. This paper deals with procedure of preparation of specimens, the course of the test and comparison of gained results.
Influence of Laser Energies on the Generation of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles via Laser Ablation in Liquid
Authors: Alheshibri Muidh
Published: August 2022

Nanoparticles fabrication using pulsed laser synthesis is considered a straightforward, reliable, and green approach for the fabrication of nanomaterials. In this study, cobalt oxide (CoO) nanoparticles were synthesized from cobalt targets using pulsed laser ablation inside a 10% v/v ethanol solution. This study examined the effect of the laser energies on the size and morphology of CoO nanoparticles. The size, morphology of the fabricated nanomaterials were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and their optical properties were obtained using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Uniform size distribution of nanoparticles with diameters less than 60 nm was observed at 30, 45, and 60 mJ. The optimum condition at which the CoO nanoparticles are fabricated with a narrower size distribution was reported, which would be helpful in several applications such as electronic thin film, pigments and dyes, capacitors, gas sensors, and lithium-ion batteries.
Synthesis of Nano Ceramic Epoxy Hybrid Composite Coating on Metallic Substrate for Corrosion Protection
Authors: Shehzad Waseem , Ul Haq Ehsan , Abdul Karim Muhammad Ramzan , Shehzad Junaid , Sabtain Hassan
Published: August 2022

In this study, the corrosion protection behavior of fumed SiO2 reinforced epoxy composite coatings applied on steel substrates was evaluated and compared to graphene-epoxy nano-composite coatings. Graphene-epoxy nano-composite coatings provide excellent corrosion protection but the uniform dispersion of graphene in polymer solvent is a challenge. So, the fumed silica was chosen as the reinforcement rather than graphene. Fumed silica was treated with stearic acid and used with epoxy to get hydrophobic and corrosion resistant coatings. The partial carburization of epoxy was carried out to get carbon layer on steel substrate. The epoxy was cured at various temperatures (200, 250 and 300 °C) to see its effect on hydrophobicity and corrosion behavior of the composite coatings. Presence of different functional groups of modified silica and epoxy was confirmed by FTIR ATR. Coating prepared from this material was evaluated microscopically with respect to structure, uniformity and interface with optical microscope. Polarization effect of coatings was studied by potentiodynamic polarization method. Coating thickness was measured by an Elcometer gauge, and these were checked by the micrographs at 50, 200 and 1000x. E250 (60% epoxy + 6% Silica) showed corrosion rate of 0.017mpy much lower than uncoated steel substrate (2.612mpy). Contact angles for npc200 (neat partially carburized epoxy cured at 200°), 4Si70 (60% epoxy+4% Silica cured at 70°), 6Si300 (60% epoxy+6% Silica cured at 300°) and 6Si250 (60% epoxy+6% Silica cured at 250°) were 90°, 89.5°, 72.5° , 97.5° respectively. So, it was proved that partially carburized epoxy coating with 6% modified silica cured at 250 °C was more corrosion resistant and hydrophobic in nature.
Study of the Influence of the Opening Size and the Type of Reinforcement on the Behavior of the Reinforced Concrete Infill Shear Walls
Authors: Šimek Ondřej , Zich Miloš
Published: August 2022

The subject of the article is a comparison of behavior of a precast reinforced concrete infill shear walls with an opening with different types of reinforcement. These are the walls that can ensure stiffness of the frame structure against horizontal load. Studied walls with an opening represent cases of how the wall can be reinforced prior to the implementation of an additional opening. The influence of the so called “sleeping reinforcement” is studied. This is a reinforcement that would take effect only after the additional opening has been made. The wall elements are first subjected to experimental verification. Subsequently, the results from the experiments are verified by non-linear models, which represent the individual elements during the experiment. Based on these models, a parametric study is performed, where the influence of an opening size in these infill shear walls is studied on their load - bearing capacity and stiffness.
Oxidation Kinetic and Oxide Scale Morphology of Fe-33Ni-19Cr Ni-Based Superalloy
Authors: Parimin Noraziana , Hamzah Esah
Published: August 2022

In the present study, outcome of various grain size of heat treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr Ni-based superalloy at high temperature cyclic oxidation condition was investigated. The Fe-33Ni-19Cr Ni-based superalloy was experienced a series of heat treatment process at two assorted temperatures, which are 1000 °C and 1100 °C, soaking for 3 hours and then rapid cooled by water quench. The heat treatment process produced a fine and coarse grain size structure. The cyclic oxidation test was performed for both heat treated samples at 700 °C under cyclic conditions in the laboratory air for 150 cycles. The weight change was measured discontinuously at different cycles to identify the kinetics of oxidation. SEM and FESEM outfitted with EDX spectrometer were utilized to analyzed the oxidation product. As a result, the weight change increased with time, with fine grain HT1000 sample recorded lower weight gain compared to coarse grain HT1100 sample. In addition, both sample formed uniform and continuous oxide scale on the alloy surface.
Industrial Scale Engineering of Photocatalytic Nanomaterials by Flame Spray Pyrolysis (F.S.P.)
Authors: Zindrou Areti , Mantzanis Asterios , Deligiannakis Yiannis
Published: August 2022

Flame Spray Pyrolysis is an attractive technology for the synthesis of nanosized materials with distinct characteristics. Industry leaders such as Cabot, Cristal, DuPont, Evonik, and Ishihara manufacture flame-made materials in millions of tons per year including carbon blacks. Herein we exemplify the application of large-scale FSP process for the synthesis of highly active photocatalysts, able to achieve high H2, O2 production yields from H2O. Precise control of W-doping along with controlled Scheelite-phase BiVO4 is a benchmark oxygen-evolving nanocatalyst. Double-Nozzle FSP is demonstrated to allow the production of highly efficient {noble metal} TiO2 heterostructures. Key-Performance-Indicators that allow transition of Lab-Scale to Industrial-Scale engineering of semiconductors are discussed, including cost-analysis and environmental impact of the production process.
Fault Tree Analysis of a Full-Ocean-Depth Unmanned Submersible
Authors: Luo Ruilong , Guo Yonghuan , Wang Fang , Li Youjie , Li Shuai , Zhang Jinfei , Jiang Zhe
Published: August 2022

Abstract Due to the rising demands for applications in extreme environments and technological breakthroughs, today's marine equipment system is increasingly intricate and powerful. As a result, the issue of reliability is gaining prominence. One of the most efficient approaches
in reliability analysis is Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). The FTA method and the Monte Carlo simulation were used to access the system reliability of a full-ocean-depth unmanned submersible (FODUS). The life distribution function of the system is determined, and the FODUS system's Mean Time Between
Failures and the importance index of each basic component are calculated. The results will serve as a reference for future research on the reliability of deep-sea submersibles.
Garcinia mangostana hydrogel patch
Authors: Phumlek Kalyarut , Itharat Arunporn , Pongcharoen Padcha , Chakkavittumrong Panlop , Lee Hyang-Yeol , Moon Gi-Seong , Han Min-Hui , Panthong Sumalee , Ketjinda Wichan , Davies Neal M.
Published: August 2022

Background and purpose

Garcinia mangostana, simply known as mangosteen, has long been used by Thai traditional medicine because of its reported antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities for the treatment of skin infections. In this study, mangosteen pericarps were developed into a hydrogel patch to eradicate acne-inducing bacteria.

Experimental procedure:

TheG. mangostanaextract was investigated for bactericidal activity. A hydrogel patch containing the extract was examined for mechanical properties, antibacterial activity,in vitrorelease, skin permeation, and a phase I clinical study of skin irritation and allergic testing by a closed patch test.

Finding/Results:

TheG. mangostanahydrogel patch made from carrageenan and locust bean gum powders was yellow in color, smooth, durable, and flexible. ThisG. mangostanahydrogel patch was effective againstCutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, andStaphylococcus aureus. The active ingredient, α-mangostin, was released and permeated from theG. mangostanahydrogel patch within the first 30 min at 33.16 ± 0.81% and 32.96± 0.97%, respectively. TheG. mangostanahydrogel patch showed no irritation in 30 healthy volunteers. However, two volunteers had delayed allergic contact dermatitis to 0.5% (w/w)G. mangostanahydrogel patch.

Conclusion and implication:

This hydrogel patch containingG. mangostanaethanolic extract is not recommended for patients who have any reaction to mangosteen but has utility as an anti-acne facial mask.
Development and evaluation of polycaprolactone-based electrospun nanofibers containing timolol maleate as a sustained-release device for treatment of glaucoma
Authors: Mirzaeei Shahla , Faryadras Fatemeh Bahrami , Mehrandish Saba , Rezaei Leila , Daneshgar Farid , Karami Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Background and purpose:

Prolonging the drug release can be a suitable approach to overcome the challenges related to topical ophthalmic administration of drugs especially the ones prescribed for chronic ailments. The sustained delivery of the drug would reduce the required frequency of administration which could extremely improve patient compliance and feeling of well-being. This study aimed to develop nanofibrous inserts for sustained ophthalmic delivery of timolol maleate (TIM) for the treatment of glaucoma.

Experimental approach:

Polycaprolactone-based nanofibers containing TIM were prepared using pure polycaprolactone or a blend of it with cellulose acetate or Eudragit RL100 polymers by the electrospinning method. Following the preparation, polymeric inserts were evaluated for morphological and physicochemical properties. The in vitro drug release was assessed and the in vivo efficacy of a selected insert in decreasing the intraocular pressure (IOP) was also evaluated in the equine eyes.

Findings / Results:

Prepared nanofibers indicated diameter ranged between 122-174 nm. The formulations showed suitable physicochemical properties and stability for ophthalmic administration. In vitro release study showed prolonged release of drug during more than 3 days. In vivo evaluation revealed that the prepared insert is non-irritant and non-toxic to the equine eyes while having suitable efficacy in decreasing the IOP during 6 days.

Conclusions and implication:

Prepared TIM inserts indicated a higher efficacy than commercial TIM eye drop in lowering IOP during a prolonged period. Thus, these formulations can be considered suitable for enhancing patient compliance by reducing the frequency of administration in the treatment of glaucoma.
Osteogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Grover Chetna , Dhawan Pankaj , Kaur Harsimran , Kakar Ashish
Published: August 2022

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare congenital condition, marked by fragile bones, skeletal deformities and additional extra-skeletal symptoms. Depending upon the degree of seriousness, affected people can either carry on with a mostly unrestricted, independent life, or their mobility is severely affected, making them dependent on others for support. Despite that, there is no effect on intellectual capacities. The medical and surgical treatments of OI are directed towards improving the patient's quality of life, mobility and functional independence. Because of the close biochemical relationship that exists between collagen and dentine, the teeth are affected in certain patients, leading to dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) which is described by the appearance of opalescent teeth. To enable preventive intervention and effective dental treatment, it is essential that the correct diagnosis of DI is done at an early stage.
Pre-operative evaluation in geriatric patients
Authors: Sharma Bimla , Sahai Chand , Sood Jayashree
Published: August 2022

The population of the United States, as well as developing countries like India, is rapidly ageing. Surgical operations are more common in the elderly than in younger age groups. A comprehensive pre-operative evaluation of these elderly patients is an important component of improving perioperative outcomes. It is very different from the pre-operative assessment in younger patients, which usually encompasses evaluating cardiac risk for non-cardiac surgery and single end-organ functional assessment. Functional and cognitive impairment are additional risk factors associated with poorer outcomes in older patients. Guidelines for pre-operative assessment of elderly surgical patients have been developed by the American College of Surgeons and the American Geriatrics Society.
Formulation design of oral lamotrigine suspension for the treatment of epilepsy
Authors: Neerumalla Sureshkumar , Chhowala Ishrat , Patel Mehul
Published: August 2022

Aim:

Lamotrigine is a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant drug widely used as mono- or adjunct therapy in adults and children. The aim of this study was to develop a liquid formulation of lamotrigine to fulfil the unmet needs of children and geriatric epileptic patients.

Materials and Methods:

Suspension formulation was prepared using Carbopol 974P as a suspending agent. It was evaluated for its sedimentation and re-dispersibility, solubility, morphology, particle-size distribution, rheological properties, pH measurement, uniformity of dosage unit, in vitro drug release behaviour and results were compared with marketed formulation Lamictal tablets.

Results:

The release profile of marketed product Lamictal tablets and developed lamotrigine oral suspension shows a complete release profile throughout physiological pH in all three media (0.1N hydrochloric acid, 4.5 pH acetate buffer and 6.8 pH phosphate buffer) and shows similar release as a marketed product. Microscopic observation clearly indicates the stability of the suspension (no aggregation of suspended particles) during the storage period of 12 months. The content uniformity of suspension was found well within the specified limits.

Conclusion:

Lamotrigine oral suspension was developed successfully and found a suitable alternative for a commercially available tablet for the treatment of epilepsy in children and geriatric patients.
The National Programme for Health Care of the Elderly: A Review of its Achievements and Challenges in India
Authors: Vaishnav Lokesh Mukut , Joshi Shiv Hiren , Joshi Abhishek Upendra , Mehendale Ashok Madhukar
Published: August 2022

Aging care is critical. Projections for 2020 indicate that India’s older population will comprise 6.57% of the overall population. The best-known newly developed technologies must be provided to the older population. Non-governmental organizations and private institutions are increasingly providing more door-to-door guidance and help. This study evaluated the impact of the National Programme for Health Care of the Elderly (NPHCE) in India and analyzed its achievements and challenges. The program’s key strategies include providing preventive and promotional care and sickness management, empowering geriatric services, and guaranteeing optimal rehabilitation. The NPHCE is an excellent project for caring for a rapidly aging population. This study described the existing programs and schemes related to older people in India, with a focus on the NPHCE and an analysis of the program’s achievements and challenges.
Development and Application of an Engine Test Method to Rate the Internal Injector Deposit Formation of Diesel Fuels and Additives
Authors: Kolkowski Bartosch , Williams Rod , Gee Michael , Rimmer John , Lucas Stephanie
Published: August 2022

Design efforts to improve the hydraulic efficiency of high-pressure diesel fuel systems and thus further improve overall engine efficiency have resulted in the utilisation of low-spill control valves and reduced injector component clearances to reduce general leakage losses. Overall, these advances have contributed significantly to the high efficiency diesel engines of today. However, the combination of very high fuel pressures, cavitation and low fuel leakage volumes increases the heating of the remaining fuel, increasing temperature and, in turn, the propensity for deposits to form inside the injector. This deposit phenomenon is commonly known as Internal Diesel Injector Deposits (IDID) and can cause rough engine running and failed engine starts requiring injector cleaning or replacement. Methods studying this phenomenon are under development in the industry. Meanwhile this paper describes the development and application of an in-house engine test method to rate the IDID control performance of deposit control additives (DCA). A 2.0L, 4-cylinder light-duty engine is run with a fuel containing a contaminant to provoke the occurrence of deposit formation within a reasonable test duration. In ‘keep clean’ test mode the performance of the DCA is assessed based on its ability to prevent IDID symptoms that routinely manifest in unadditivated test runs, primarily between-cylinder deviation in exhaust port gas temperature as the operation of individual injectors is impaired by deposits. In ‘clean up’ test mode the DCA is assessed on its ability to reverse IDID symptoms that manifested in a preceding unadditivated test run. In initial tests the methodology has proved capable of differentiating between a novel DCA chemistry that exhibits good IDID control behaviour in keep clean and clean up modes and a conventional DCA chemistry that did not. Temperature deviations were reduced applying the novel DCA at premium dose in keep clean mode. In clean up mode, temperature deviations were reduced from the end of dirty up to the end of clean up, with premium plus dose rate of the novel DCA. In both cases the improvements were statistically significant at the 95% confidence level.
Evaluation of the Effect of Low-Carbon Fuel Blends’ Properties in a Light-Duty CI Engine
Authors: Garcia Antonio , Monsalve-Serrano Javier , Villalta David , Guzmán Mendoza María Gabriela , Gaillard Patrick , Durrett Russell , Vassallo Alberto , Pesce Francesco Concetto
Published: August 2022

De-fossilization is an increasingly important trend in the energy sector. In the transport sector the de-fossilization efforts have been centered in promoting the electrification of vehicles, nonetheless other pathways, like the use of carbon neutral or carbon-offsetting fuels under current vehicle fleets, are also worth considering. Low-carbon fuels (LCF) can be synthetized from sources that can take advantage of the carbon already present in the atmosphere (either by technologies like direct carbon capture or biological processes like photosynthesis in biofuels) and use energy from renewable sources for the necessary industrial processes. Although, LCFs can be compared to fossil fuels as energy sources for internal combustion engines, their composition is not the same and their properties can modify the engine combustion and emissions. This work evaluates the use of several diesel-like LCFs in a light duty compression ignition engine and correlates the fuel consumption, NOx, soot and CO2 emissions to the fuel properties. Results indicate that the combined effect of a low density, low aromatic proportion, high energy density and high cetane number Fischer-Tropsch/FAME fuel blend can maintain the fuel consumption and soot emissions close to results with diesel at most engine conditions and reduce NOx emissions 0.5 - 2.5g/kWh. It was also observed that fuels with higher proportions of OMEx (with lower energy density and increased oxygen proportion) can reduce the soot emissions for the same level of NOx emissions with a fuel consumption penalty. Tank-to-wheel CO2 emissions show little variation between fuels, while the well-to-wheel emissions are proportional to the renewable content.
Evaluating the Energy Consumption of an Electric Vehicle Under Real-World Driving Conditions
Authors: Al-Wreikat Yazan , Sodre Jose Ricardo
Published: August 2022

This investigation evaluates the energy consumption of an electric vehicle (EV) and identifies key factors that affect its energy efficiency, based on real-world operation for a range of driving characteristics and climate conditions over nearly four years in the streets of the second-largest UK city. The driving modes investigated were acceleration, deceleration, idling and cruise, determined by dividing each individual trip into kinematic segments based on vehicle speed and acceleration calculated second by second. From the results obtained, the EV energy consumption is directly influenced by changes in ambient temperature outside, largely due to the corresponding loads required from the use of auxiliary systems, mainly heating and air conditioning. An increase in trip idling events directly translates to a rise in EV energy consumption, while opposite outcomes were produced during cruising state with decreasing energy consumption. During the periods of high traffic on weekdays, the energy consumption is increased by nearly 15% as a direct impact of the increase in the number of stops, as the auxiliaries still require energy while the vehicle is at idle. The difference in energy consumption between weekday and weekend driving occurs mainly during heavy traffic periods, increasing by 20% on weekdays, primarily due to the rise in the number of stops for weekday driving. The results also show that the EV specific energy consumption varies each month, reaching a 55% increase from summer of least energy consumption to winter with the most requires energy, mainly due to large average ambient temperature changes.
A 5-Point Listeria Control Plan: A European Perspective
Authors:   Kersia Group, Gateway House, Pilsworth Road, Pilsworth Industrial Estate Bury BL9 8RD, United Kingdom, Holah John
Published: August 2022

With an aging population and no reduction in Listeria cases, listeriosis is likely to become even more important in Europe, and all potential food industry control measures should be explored. A Listeria 5-point control plan to manage the occurrence of Listeria in high hygiene food manufacturing areas has been developed and trialed in the United Kingdom and Ireland since 2016; it comprises these points: • Prevent entry of Listeria into high hygiene food manufacturing areas using effective barriers. • Ensure that the high hygiene manufacturing infrastructure (building structure, equipment, and utensils) cannot harbor and/or allow the growth of Listeria (Listeria sources). • Ensure that high hygiene good manufacturing practices limit the cross-contamination vectors that can carry Listeria from sources to product or product- contact surfaces. • Design an effective cleaning and disinfection program that will kill or remove any Listeria that has entered the high hygiene area since the previous cleaning program. • Provide an environmental monitoring and microbiological verification sampling program that monitors and verifies Listeria control procedures. This review suggests that the plan develops a team ethos among factory technical, production, engineering, and hygiene functions and that success has been achieved in reducing the prevalence of Listeria in product and the environment.
Environmental Risk Factors in the Human Pathogen Transmission Pathways between Animal Operations and Produce Crops
Authors:   iDecisionSciences, LLC, Bellevue, WA 98009, USA, Leaman Susan M.
Published: August 2022

Once zoonotic pathogens leave their animal hosts, how they move through the environment and are deposited on unharvested produce remains a persistent industry challenge and research question related to produce safety. The proximity of animals to production areas, animal types and densities, an animal operation’s management practices, and weather conditions are some of the areas explored by researchers to better understand how pathogens contaminate unharvested crops. Water, inputs, airborne particulates, wildlife, and insects may serve as vectors linking pathogens from their animal hosts to produce production areas. Studies have shown a positive correlation between rainfall and pathogen concentrations in agricultural water downstream from animal operations. Bacteria attached to airborne particulates can be deposited onto crops or open water sources. Wildlife and insects share habitat with domesticated animals in rangelands, pasture settings, pens, and feedlots. Plant conditions (injuries, disease) and characteristics (surface topography, genetic traits, age, native microbiota) and environmental conditions (relative humidity, moisture, temperature) play a major role in determining pathogen survival on unharvested produce. This article explores recent research findings elucidating human pathogen dispersion and deposition, subsequent transfer from animals to crops, and the various environmental risk factors along the way that play a role.
Physical activity, respiratory physiotherapy practices, and nutrition among people with primary ciliary dyskinesia in Switzerland – a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Lam Yin Ting , Pedersen Eva S. L. , Schreck Leonie D. , Hüsler Leonie , Koppe Helena , Belle Fabiën N. , Clarenbach Christian , Latzin Philipp , Kuehni Claudia E. , Goutaki Myrofora
Published: August 2022

AIMS OF THE STUDY: We know little about the level of physical activity, respiratory physiotherapy practices and nutritional status of people with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), although these are important aspects of patients with chronic respiratory disease. We assessed physical activity, respiratory physiotherapy practices and nutritional status among people with primary ciliary dyskinesia in Switzerland, investigated how these vary by age and identified factors associated with regular physical activity.
METHODS: We sent a postal questionnaire survey to people with primary ciliary dyskinesia enrolled in the Swiss PCD registry (CH-PCD), based on the standardised FOLLOW-PCD patient questionnaire. We collected information about physical activity, physiotherapy, respiratory symptoms and nutritional status. We calculated the metabolic equivalent (MET) to better reflect the intensity of the reported physical activities. To assess nutritional status, we extracted information from CH-PCD and calculated participants’ body mass index (BMI).
RESULTS: Of the 86 questionnaires we sent, 74 (86% response rate) were returned from 24 children and 50 adults. The median age at survey completion was 23 years (IQR [interquartile range] 15–51), and 51% were female. Among all 74 participants, 48 (65%) performed sports regularly. Children were vigorously active (median MET 9.1; IQR 7.9–9.6) and adults were moderately active (median MET 5.5; IQR 4.3—6.9). Fifty-nine participants (80%) reported performing some type of respiratory physiotherapy. However, only 30% of adults saw a professional physiotherapist, compared with 75% of children. Half of the participants had normal BMI; one child (4%) and two adults (4%) were underweight. People who were regularly physically active reported seeing a physiotherapist more often.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study is the first to provide patient-reported data about physical activity, respiratory physiotherapy and nutrition among people with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Our results highlight that professional respiratory physiotherapy, exercise recommendations and nutritional advice are often not implemented in the care of people with primary ciliary dyskinesia in Switzerland. Multidisciplinary care in specialised centres by teams including physiotherapists and nutrition consultants could improve the quality of life of people with primary ciliary dyskinesia.
Crossing the Boundaries between Analogue and Digital
Authors: Bhatia Ajay , Sharma Vikrant
Published: August 2022

Given that they do not benefit from CMOS technology scaling, analogue integrated circuits are soon becoming a constraint in terms of the cost and performance of nanoscale integrated systems. This has led to some debate about whether analogue circuits are still useful in the era of digital technology. The usual reaction is that analogue circuitry will always be needed, if not everywhere, then at least in interface circuits that exchange data with physically analogue environments. The fact that matter is made up of discrete atoms and molecules, that basic physical quantities like electromagnetic radiation and electric charge are quantized, and even that information is transmitted as discrete pulses in biological systems all make the physical world less "intrinsically analog" than it first appears. In other words, it appears more and more plausible that the foundation for our regular analogue experiences is a distinct or digital one.
Review on Synthesis of Electro Chemical Cell by Nano Materials and its uses for Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Jamal Athar , Wahid Afia Abdul , Naveed Naffisa , ul Ghofoor Hafiz Qamar , Ahmad Tanveer
Published: August 2022

Cancer is very lethal to health and lives around the world chemists are always trying to formulate the advance anticancer drugs with better efficacy for treatment. Side by side, these drugs have adverse effects for monitoring that drugs the electrochemistry helps to device electrochemical cells. The cells can monitor the drugs in the body. Nanomaterials are helpful full in this regard. They improve the drug efficacy and drug delivery systems to protect the body from the adverse effects. In this review paper we described the applications of nanomaterials in sense that they have intensive surface area as compared to macro materials so this have enhanced catalytic properties that enable for great sensing applications.
PERCEPTION AND AWARENESS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GOODS AND SERVICE TAX (GST) IN MALAYSIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: MOHD FADZLI INTAN NAZIHAH , AWANG ROHILA
Published: August 2022

This study aims to explore both the perceptions and awareness of the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in Malaysia. Tax knowledge is an essential component to enhance public awareness of GST. Knowledge concerning multiple advantages of GST for the nation in the long run is not well known to the public. Nevertheless, previous studies have noted that the increase in consumers’ level of awareness of GST. It is suggested that future studies can examine tax governance to investigate the tendency of tax avoidance and evasion among taxpayers.
WHAT DRIVES SAVING BEHAVIOUR AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU?
Authors: AMINUDDIN AISYAH , ISMAIL SHAHNAZ , JAMALUDIN NURASYIKIN , MOHD NAWI NADIA
Published: August 2022

This study addresses the issue of saving behaviours among undergraduate students of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT). With the role that savings play in providing long-term financial security, universities took the initiative to educate and improve the financial knowledge and skills of young students by offering related subjects in financial management and personal finance. Besides education, the influences of family members, friends and communities also play an important role in shaping saving behaviour. Thus, the objective of this study is to examine the key drivers in creating and shaping saving behaviour, including socialisation agent, financial knowledge and personal behaviour of undergraduate students. The data were collected from a self-administered questionnaire with a total of 286 respondents. The data were analysed by using multiple regression analysis. From this study, socialisation agent and personal behaviour were found as the main key drivers that contributed towards the saving behaviour of undergraduate students from UMT. Even though these two factors played an essential role in shaping the saving behaviour of students, the personal behaviour of the students had the most significant influence in cultivating the saving behaviour of the students.
THE MOST COMMON INTENTIONAL POISONING OF DOGS AND CATS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Aleksic Radojkovic Jelena , Davidov Ivana , Aleksić Agelidis Aleksandra , Vranešević Jelena , Ivanović Saša
Published: August 2022

The paper presents the most common toxic substances used in malicious poisoning of dogs and cats in the territory of the Republic of Serbia, mechanisms of their action, symptoms that occur in poisoned animals, antidote therapy and in the case of death, pathomorphological changes. The understanding of the mechanisms of toxic action of the most common substances used and the clinical symptoms in poisoned dogs and cats contribute to a faster diagnosis and the prompt suitable therapy application. The participation of forensic veterinarians in official procedures prior to criminal proceedings is necessary, considering its importance in the recognition and prosecution of acts defined in Article 269 of the Criminal Code (Official Gazette of RS, No. 85/2005, 88/2005 - amended, 107/2005 - amended, 72/2009, 111/2009, 121/2012, 104/2013, 108/2014, 94/2016 and 35/2019).
Flank wear as a function of cutting time
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty od Technical Sciences, Serbia, Baralić Jelena , Mitrović Anđelija ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty od Technical Sciences, Serbia, Radović Maja ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty od Technical Sciences, Serbia
Published: August 2022

The paper describes one teaching unit – tool wear, which is studied at laboratory classes in the Metal cutting technology course. Through laboratory classes, students gain practical knowledge. The main goal of this teaching unit is to help students to understand the wear process and to define the parameters that describe the wear process. The most important wear parameter is the width of the flank wear of the tool. By monitoring the changes in the values of this parameter, students can see how the wear process is progressing over time. An end mill was taken as an example. The width of the flank wear was measured at intervals of 5 minutes, at distances of 0.1 mm. Based on the measured values, a diagram of tool flank wear was created. Also, the change in the width of the flank wear depending on the cutting time is shown
Improvement of study programs for bachelor’s and master’s studies in Mechatronics in response to the requirements of Industry 4.0
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty od Technical Sciences, Serbia, Milićević Ivan , Dragićević Snežana ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty od Technical Sciences, Serbia, Dučić Nedeljko ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty od Technical Sciences, Serbia, Marjanović Milan ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty od Technical Sciences, Serbia, Vujičić Vojislav ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty od Technical Sciences, Serbia
Published: August 2022

Development in information technology has resulted in revolutionizing all aspects of life and this revolution has been realized as Industry 4.0. A main approach that universities’ educational systems may take towards Industry 4.0 is educating students who have the right skill set for reacting to the changes in their working environment, adapting their performance, and learning to cope with technological development. This paper presents the results of the project „Improvement of study programs for bachelor’s and master’s studies in Mechatronics in response to the requirements of Industry 4.0“, which was funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia as a part of program activity „Development of higher education“ and performed in the 2020/21 academic year
Data analysis for COVID-19 using regression methods
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty od Technical Sciences, Serbia, Jovanović Nemanja
Published: August 2022

With the appearance of the first registered case of corona, as one of the world’s most widespread and most dangerous viral infections, the need to monitor and predict the epidemiological situation is growing, both in the world and in our country. In this paper, the epidemiological data of the Republic of Serbia regarding the Corona virus in the period from 2020 to June 2021 are analyzed. Data were analyzed by regression methods, as one of the data mining techniques. Depending on the choice of regression method (simple, multiple and linear), a number of parameters were selected that include the number of persons (positive, tested, deceased, hospitalized and respirator) in relation to the time of the pandemic to make the most accurate prediction. As a result of the research using regression methods, it was found that the trend of development of the Corona virus epidemic is decreasing, i.e. (id est.) that preventive measures as well as the process of vaccination and revaccination have had an effect in the fight against Corona virus.
The role of Digital Twin technology in transforming engineering education
Authors:   University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Maksimović Mirjana , Davidović Nikola ,   University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina
Published: August 2022

Higher education institutions (HEIs) have acknowledged the significance of digital transformation in the educational environment, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The adoption of new technologies has enabled HEIs to change their education, research, and business models. The goal of digital transformation in HEIs is to create new, advanced, and efficient techniques and practices to further the mission of higher education. Digital Twin (DT), one of the most promising new technologies at the moment, has the ability to give engineering students learning opportunities that go beyond the confines of the classroom. This paper, with a focus on engineering education, aims to understand the underlying concept of DT technology and to emphasize the benefits that may be gained through its use in engineering education as well as the challenges associated with its adoption in HEIs.
Metode Prioritisasi Peringatan Terkini Perubahan Tutupan Pohon (GLAD Alert) untuk Berbagai Kasus di Indonesia
Authors: Nathania Benita , Hamzah Hidayah , Said Zuraidah , Ayunda Desti , Hanifah Mirzha
Published: August 2022

Catatan teknis ini dibuat untuk menjelaskan pendekatan dan metode priorititasi data peringatan mingguan GLAD pada tiga kegiatan pemantauan, yaitu: (1) pemantauan kegiatan penebangan hutan ilegal; (2) pemantauan lanskap; dan (3) pemantauan pembukaan lahan dan hutan gambut.
Pengembangan Video Tutorial Latihan Kekuatan Otot Paha Pada Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan dan Rekreasi STKIP PGRI Trenggalek
Authors: Muhammad Soleh Fudin  , Tedy Wasis Nurcahyo  , Khamim Hariyadi  , Vega Mareta Sceisarriya
Published: August 2022

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini sebagai informasi dan referensi serta untuk mengetahui apakah pengembangan video tutorial latihan otot paha layak dan dapat digunakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan dengan menggunakan desain yang dikemukakan oleh Borg and Gall. Peneliti mengambil keputusan dengan menggunakan 6 langkah pengembangan yaitu 1) penelitian dan pengumpulan data; 2) perencanaan; 3) pengembangan draft produk awal; 4) uji coba lapangan awal; 5) revisi hasil uji coba; 6) uji kelayakan. Sampel penelitian menggunakan 2 teknik sampling yaitu simple random sampling untuk uji coba lapangan awal dan purposive sampling untuk uji kelayakan. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner semi terbuka dan kuesioner tertutup dengan skala likert. Sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif persentase. Hasil validasi ahli media mendapatkan skor 3,34 dengan kategori sangat baik dan hasil validasi ahli materi mendapatkan skor 3,46 dengan kategori sangat baik. Hasil penilaian mahasiswa pada uji coba lapangan awal mendapatkan skor 3,52 dengan kategori sangat baik dan hasil uji kelayakan mendapatkan skor 3,37 dengan kategori sangat baik. Tingkat pencapaian penelitian ini mendapatkan 84,19% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan produk pengembangan video tutorial latihan kekuatan otot paha sangat layak dan dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu referensi media untuk latihan kekuatan otot paha.
Potencial de los residuos de papel como materia prima para la producción de bioetanol: revisión
Authors: Cadena Rogelio Pérez , Jurado Alejandro Téllez , Escamilla Elizabeth González , López Angélica Evelin Delgadillo , Texco Andrés Salazar , Gómez Cristian Sarmiento
Published: August 2022

Actualmente los residuos de papel se reciclan de forma limitada, esta fracción de los residuos municipales contiene una fuente significativa de azúcares fermentables en forma de polisacáridos que podrían convertirse en etanol por fermentación. Algunos tipos de papel podrían no ser reutilizables o presentan limitaciones en su uso debido a sus propiedades. En países como México, la producción anual de papel y cartón equivale a 3.97 millones de toneladas que; teóricamente podrían generar 2.54 millones de toneladas equivalentes a glucosa fermentable y podría significar una producción de 1.63 millones de litros de etanol. Debido a que la composición del papel y los residuos de la industria del papel tienen fibras de celulosa, hemicelulosa y lignina en cantidades variadas, el pretratamiento y la hidrólisis químico-enzimático son importantes para mejorar el rendimiento. Adicionalmente, un factor a considerar en los pretratamientos es la carga de biomasa siendo un límite a superar el 6 % en función del tipo de residuo de papel a emplear.
Pediatric Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and its Association with Intellectual Impairment
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Torres Diana Cecilia Miranda
Published: August 2022

Today Neurofibromatosis type 1 belongs to a genetic disorder in which there is a mutation of a gene that is on chromosome 17 which will cause at some point in the patient's life the development and growth of tumors in the central nervous system or even outside it. Epidemiologically it is known that there is no predilection for sex or person, but it is known and common, that the onset of presentation of symptoms is given after birth, for this reason, it is a disorder that occurs more frequently in children, it is important to recognize the disorder to be able to attend to the complications that occur with the evolution of the disease, remembering that a specific treatment is not known exactly. It is considered necessary the integral attention to the multiple complications that could come present, which mentions some of the most serious are: Musculoskeletal disorders, as well as presenting skin problems, being frequent presentation in the first year of life. Eye problems, learning problems at school age and even worse prognosis can reach a degree of mental retardation.