bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O “idealismo monista” de Amit Goswami: pressuposto para uma “ética quântica”
Authors: Oliveira Ronaldo de
Published: April 2023

Este estudo tem como tema o idealismo monista de Amit Goswami, que postula a Consciência Quântica como princípio unificador e mediador de toda a realidade em suas diversas facetas, manifestas ou potenciais. Analisar-se-á conceitos e experimentos, elucidando os principais elementos teóricos para a efetivação de uma Ética Quântica. A pesquisa se justifica pelo fato de a Física Quântica ser fundamento teórico para muitas invenções tecnológicas e ainda não existirem estudos acadêmicos que mostrem as implicações éticas desta ciência, tecnicamente bem-sucedida. Existem algumas pesquisas nas ciências humanas e na filosofia que tomam a Física Quântica como matriz teórica orientadora, contudo, ainda não relacionam diretamente os seus princípios à Ética. Assim, objetiva-se responder ao questionamento sobre o pressuposto necessário para a edificação de uma ética quântica, a partir do pensamento de Goswami. A metodologia empregada é de análise bibliográfica crítica das principais obras do físico Amit Goswami, sendo O universo autoconsciente (2003) a principal, por oferecer os elementos teóricos básicos para compreensão da temática pesquisada, pois nas demais obras, o autor explora os conceitos fundamentais nela apresentados. Fragmentos das Enéadas de Plotino serão utilizados para a construção de uma analogia, deste modo, justificando o monismo idealista aqui proposto. Visto que no trabalho traça-se a trajetória que faz Goswami desembocar na teoria do Idealismo Monista, mediante as implicações contraditórias da interpretação da Física Quântica, quando subsidiada pelos princípios “materialistas”. O conceito de “consciência quântica” será trabalhado como sendo o agente causal de suas possibilidades intrínsecas com o “colapso da função de onda”. Espera-se, como resultado, evidenciar uma nova perspectiva de investigação da Ética a partir de uma abordagem sistêmica incluindo em seu arcabouço teórico elementos dinâmicos e estáticos enunciando a dialética da vida humana em suas relações.
O desenvolvimento da Filosofia da Ciência: do geocentrismo ao universo sem um centro
Authors: Meller Filho Amaury , Cunha Junior
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo tem como tema a passagem do geocentrismo a uma concepção do Universo sem centro. Os debates científicos estão atrelados a uma discussão que perdura no campo filosófico há longa data. O que era de se esperar, pois mesmo a filosofia não sendo propriamente uma ciência é considerada a mãe de todas as ciências. Verifica-se que nos terrenos de propriedade das ciências se encontra muito do que um dia era posse da filosofia, entretanto, nem por isso, ela abdicou de todas essas áreas. A exemplo, o que se discute entorno dos métodos de conhecimento, e aí tangenciam-se os métodos e procedimentos científicos, é algo que filosofia e ciências, de modo geral, discutem conjuntamente. Estas discussões, no entanto, nem sempre são pacíficas e harmoniosas, as disputas se revelam e, ora ou outra, combates são travados entre as duas áreas de pesquisa ou, até mesmo, no interior de ambas. Com isso em mente, procura-se expor o processo de desenvolvimento do que é chamado “Filosofia da Ciência”.
A animalidade do homem e sua conexão íntima com a natureza: uma abordagem niilista a partir de Schopenhauer
Authors: Rodrigues Bruno de Andrade
Published: April 2023

O niilismo é um pressuposto hermenêutico tanto da epistemologia quanto da metafísica da vontade na obra magna de Schopenhauer. Neste artigo, intentamos examinar de que modo o niilismo, que não se reduz à negação da vontade, opera a desmitificação do homem, esclarecendo-o sobre sua condição existencial.
Sustainability assessment of pig production: a study in Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Kruger Silvana Dalmutt , Bucior Lucas , Casagranda Yasmin Gomes , Santos Paula da Silva , Moro Leila Dal , Mores Giana de Vargas
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to identify the sustainability practices of pig creation on rural properties in the West region of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The analysis included the system of sustainability indicators in pig farming. Although managers comply with the regulations and legislation, there are practical difficulties related to the destination of production waste, water use, expenditure controls, and social interaction. The sustainability analysis allowed investigating 30 properties and using a scale of 0-10 points, rate factors related to organizational, social, and environmental practices. Nine rural properties had a general performance, indicating characteristics of in search for sustainability, while 21 obtained a performance between 2.5 and 5.0 points, indicating fragilities in organizational, environmental, and social practices. It highlights the importance of analyzing sustainability indicators as a mechanism to control and implement better practices to assist in the search for sustainable development.
LEARNING DYNAMICS OF SOCIOLOGY IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL THROUGH JIGSAW COOPERATIVE LEARNING
Authors: Sastri Angela
Published: April 2023

The aim of this research is 1. To find out how the application of Jigsaw type cooperation learning models in Sociology subject in Senior High School. 2 To find out how the Jigsaw Cooperation Learning Models in improving students learning outcomes. The method used in this analysis is a journal review. Data sources are obtained from several journals regarding jigsaw type cooperative learning models by reviewing jigsaw. Journal review is making analysis and making a critical and in-depth synthesis of these journals. Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the application of the learning model by forming an origin group and an expert group can have a positive influence on increased learning outcomes. Jigsaw type cooperative learning models in improving student learning outcomes can be pursued through improving students’ reasoning abilities as well as increasing students learning activities by helping students to be more active in learning and take responsibility for the material being studied and improve communication skills.
COMPARISON OF COMPETITION LAWS BETWEEN USA, UK, EU AND INDIA
Authors: Achuthan Akhila
Published: April 2023

The Indian Competition Act of 2007 is the regulatory body supervising domestic competition as is carried out by the businesses under its ambit and seeks to promote a healthy competitive environment while simultaneously encapsulating the needs of the society. In order to identify its pros and cons, effective analysis is needed to be done with regards to how competition works in other countries and what they do right to make their economy a reckoning force in the global marketspace. UK, USA and the EU as a whole are among the strongest international markets which would lead a simplistic derivation of the fact that perhaps internal competition legislations are a contributory in the same. The author, by way of this research attempts at identifying the uniqueness in the application of competition laws in these nations and at the same time intends to identify the deficiencies in the Indian Competition law by explaining the working of the current system to find out aspects that require further insight into.
MEDICAL LAWS AND ETHICS IN INDIA
Authors: M E Bhavana
Published: April 2023

Law and medicine, despite being two different subjects with nothing in common, may overlap where they find the need for each other. Ethics is a concept of moral instincts that a common being inherits and follows in his lifetime. The notion for ethics can be different for every individual. The topic of interest in this article focuses on the importance and impact of ethics in the medical field and how the law contributes to this aspect, thus evaluating the connection between health care laws and medical ethical issues. The paper will also be focusing on creating awareness on the rights of medical practitioners contributing to the welfare of the society. The need for regulations is because of the malpractices actively being performed in the society. The activities of a medical professional continuously revolve around the life of a patient. While lack of medical knowledge among general society can be neglected because the medical practitioners are there to guide them, but the lack of knowledge or skill amongst medical practitioners creates dangerous circumstances and their ignorance could have disastrous consequences. Thus, the need for well-established sets of rules. Medical environment is a progressive cycle. It is continuously evolving with new technology assisting and aiding the practitioners in the course of treatment. Regulatory Laws also need to keep up with these changes continuously to protect the interests of the practitioners as well as the patients.
APLICAÇÃO DA COLABORAÇÃO PREMIADA NO SISTEMA DE JUSTIÇA CRIMINAL ACREANO
Authors: Café Cruz Cláudia Evelin , Figueiredo Pinto Rafael
Published: April 2023

Nos últimos anos, o Acre tem testemunhado uma rápida ascensão dos índices de criminalidade em seu território. Em parte, isso se dá em razão de conflitos por áreas estratégicas para a prática de ilícitos penais, sobretudo o tráfico de drogas, entre duas das maiores organizações criminosas do país, o Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) e o Comando Vermelho (CV). Em combate a essas organizações criminosas, as autoridades públicas usam as mais diversas ferramentas ao seu alcance, a exemplo da colaboração premiada. Nesse caso, em troca de uma contraprestação ao colaborador, o Estado obtém informações internas da organização e as utiliza para o desmonte da estrutura criminosa. Ante sua relevância enquanto instituto jurídico, pretendeu-se analisar, nesse trabalho, como se dá sua aplicação no âmbito do sistema de justiça criminal acreano, considerando as disposições legais e as controvérsias doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais existentes sobre o tema.
DIREITO SUBJETIVO À NOMEAÇÃO DE CANDIDATOS APROVADOS EM CONCURSO PÚBLICO FRENTE À CRISE FINANCEIRA DOS ESTADOS
Authors: Lykawka Medeiros Jeanine , Ribeiro Marques Matheus
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo aborda o direito reconhecido aos aprovados em concurso público, dentro do número de vagas, à nomeação, analisando o referido direito dentro do cenário de crise que os Estados brasileiros, bem como as situações em que há a relativização da nomeação dos aprovados. Ademais, destacar o planejamento financeiros dos entes federativos para efetivar a nomeação dos servidores, antes de mesmo de realizar o concurso público, por meio da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal e os Planos de Diretrizes Orçamentárias. Por conseguinte, apresenta uma solução legislativa para a referida lide, a fim de garantir os princípios fundamentais instituídos na Carta Magna brasileiras.
RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DA VÍTIMA NA ATUAÇÃO RESOLUTIVA DO MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO
Authors: De Amorim Rêgo Patrícia , De Oliveira Antônia Francisca
Published: April 2023

A atuação resolutiva do Ministério Público está delineada na Carta de Brasília, acordo celebrado em 2016 pela Corregedora-geral e corregedorias dos estados, como uma estratégia para desonerar o acúmulo de processos e aumentar a performance de soluções do sistema de Justiça brasileiro, espelhada numa Justiça Restaurativa. O presente trabalho visa demonstrar, por meio da narrativa analítica, a estruturação e o funcionamento do Centro de Atendimento à Vítima (CAV) do Ministério Público do Acre (MPAC), como prática diferenciada de atuação, baseada na ressignificação do papel das vítimas de crimes no âmbito do processo penal e na mudança do padrão de atendimento ao cidadão. O CAV, desde a sua criação em 2016, realizou mais de 11 mil atendimentos multiprofissionais em 712 casos de violência de gênero. Numa avaliação amostral em 2021, com 122 vítimas de violência doméstica e familiar, constatou-se que 57% das mulheres ganharam autonomia e saíram do risco da violência, conferindo resolutividade ao atendimento.
IMPORTÂNCIA DO CONHECIMENTO JURÍDICO NAS ESCOLAS DE ENSINO REGULAR NO BRASIL
Authors: Tiburcio Facundes Williane , Braga Ferreira Júnior Neil
Published: April 2023

O artigo terá uma abordagem qualitativa, com objetivo exploratório, avaliará do ponto de vista científico a possibilidade da aplicação do conhecimento jurídico nas escolas de ensino regular, tendo como base procedimental uma pesquisa bibliográfica, a partir de artigos científicos e legislação. Fará uso do método indutivo, analisando as afirmações apresentadas por artigos relacionados ao tema, quanto as afirmações da própria Constituição Federal, em seus artigos que versam acerca dos direitos sociais e políticos, com foco nos direitos intrínsecos que auxiliem o cidadão para exercer sua cidadania, pesquisando e explorando o amparo constitucional para essa aplicação, por conta que só sua apresentação não bastará para suprir o objetivo como um todo, é necessário haver formas simples e acessíveis a este conhecimento, não só para os jovens adolescente do ensino médio, mas para todas as pessoas que merecem o direito de ser educadas, acerca dos mais básicos de seus direitos.
LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS NO ÂMBITO VIRTUAL
Authors: Paulo Pereira Gomes Marcos , Nascimento de Oliveira Lucas
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo evidencia a importância da lei de proteção de dados nos meios digitais, sejam pessoas físicas ou jurídicas, resguardando-os, respeitando sua privacidade, liberdade de expressão, de obter informações de quaisquer outrem dentro do permitido, com o devido respeito a cidadania, e principalmente a legitimidade de um espaço seguro para se estar. Fundamentada na Lei n° 13.709/2018, a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (LGPD), foi criada para fortalecer o vínculo privativo entre pessoa e o meio digital, onde fica determinado o poder de expor suas informações, seus dados, e a seguridade que isso será inviolado, além de procurar garantir um espaço de evolução e reflexão do indivíduo na sociedade, bem como proporcionar a este um meio de se relacionar e trabalhar através das mídias sociais.
TACTICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF MAINTAINING PUBLIC PROSECUTION IN JURY TRIAL
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Matkova Natalya V.
Published: April 2023

The article states that psychological knowledge is important for effectively exercising state prosecution in a jury trial. The main purpose of the research is to establish and analyze existing tactical and psychological issues of prosecutor’s participation in court proceedings in criminal cases with the participation of jurors and to develop proposals for their solution. The set of general scientific and special methods is the background of the methodology of research. The article identifies common strategies the defense can illegally influence jurors and emphasizes the importance for the state prosecutor to consider the confessional and national characteristics of the region where the case is being considered. It also looks into the necessity to develop a unified approach to delimitation of illegal and acceptable influence on jurors. The article considers the challenges of overcoming psychological influence of the attorney for the defense on the jury; the influence of certain emotions of the jury on the final verdict in the case; determines the character of certain evidence and circumstances of the criminal case upon the jury; establishes the degree of external communication influence on the jury. The conclusion is made about the necessity of developing applied solutions of supporting the prosecution in the court of jury on the basis of interdisciplinary approach.
CULTURAL HERITAGE PROTECTION IN RUSSIA AND GERMANY: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Kropinova Kristina A. , Kropinova Elena G. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: April 2023

Cultural heritage sites play an important role both in terms of the study and preservation of the culture and history of a particular territory, and in terms of their importance in recreation and tourism as a “soft power” for shaping a positive image in the geopolitical arena. These two components are directly related: the maintenance of cultural heritage objects in proper condition allows them to be used in economic activities, for example in tourism; and the economic well-being of their owners, in turn, allows them to seek funds for their restoration and reconstruction. Legal aspects have a key role to play in optimising the system of “protection-use”. Different countries have different laws governing this relationship. While both Russia and Germany are at the forefront of this issue, there are also differences, which, if identified and compared, would further optimise the legal framework. The aim is to compare the experiences of Germany and Russia in the preservation and use of cultural heritage objects. The methodology of the study is based on a study of the legal framework of these states in this field. The study compares the laws and provides concrete examples of the legal framework. Particular attention is paid to public-­private partnerships. It has been revealed that Russian legislation is more restrictive in terms of protection of cultural heritage, while the legal provisions and their practical application have stimulated the development of public-­private partnerships (PPP) in Germany, which in turn has helped to preserve and put into modern use a significant number of cultural heritage objects. This experience can also be applied to Russia.
Các yếu tố tác động đến quyết định sử dụng dịch vụ Mobile Banking của khách hàng cá nhân tại ngân hàng Thương mại cổ phần Công thương Việt Nam chi nhánh Bảo Lộc, Lâm Đồng
Authors: Mai Thị Trúc Ngân , Phan Thanh Trang
Published: April 2023

Sau khi đo lường và phân tích các yếu tố tác động đến quyết định sử dụng Mobile Banking của khách hàng cá nhân tại ngân hàng Thương mại cổ phần (TMCP) Công thương VN (Vietinbank) chi nhánh Bảo Lộc, Lâm Đồng, bài viết khẳng định: Cảm nhận dễ sử dụng, cảm nhận sự tín nhiệm, cảm nhận tính hữu dụng, ảnh hưởng xã hội, cảm nhận sự phù hợp và cảm nhận chi phí là các yếu tố tác động đến quyết định sử dụng dịch vụ Mobile Banking (MB) của khách hàng cá nhân (KHCN) tại Vietinbank Bảo Lộc, trong đó cảm nhận tính hữu dụng có tác động mạnh nhất. Từ đó, nhóm tác giả đề xuất một số hàm ý cho nhà quản trị nhằm thu hút KHCN sử dụng dịch vụ MB trong thời gian tới.
Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến động lực làm việc của người lao động tại Công ty Cổ phần Công trình đô thị Bảo Lộc
Authors: Hoàng Mạnh Dũng , Nguyễn Duy Tiên
Published: April 2023

Động lực làm việc là sự sẵn lòng thể hiện hành vi với mức độ cao nhằm đạt các mục tiêu của tổ chức lẫn thỏa mãn nhu cầu của từng cá nhân. Nhà quản trị cần tạo động lực làm việc nhằm gia tăng năng suất, chất lượng và hiệu quả trong quá trình thực hiện mục tiêu của doanh nghiệp. Một hoạt động có thể triển khai ngay để ứng phó có hiệu quả là xác định các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến động lực làm việc của người lao động. Qua đó giúp nhà quản trị các cấp đề ra những giải pháp cụ thể để giữ chân người lao động.
MINERALOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF COAL-BEARING TUNÇBİLEK FORMATION İN THE TUNÇBİLEK-TAVŞANLI COALFIELD (KÜTAHYA, W-TURKEY)
Authors: KARADİREK Selin
Published: April 2023

Tunçbilek-Tavşanlı (Kütahya) Basin is among the most important Neogene coal deposits of Turkey. This study aims to determine the mineralogical and geochemical properties of the rocks (coal, roof, floor and parting) in the Tunçbilek-Tavşanlı coal field. The main abundant minerals in Tunçbilek-Tavşanlı coals are quartz, kaolinite, illite-smectite and siderite. Dolomite, illite, smectite, mica, feldspar, pyrite, chlorite and jarosite are less abundant minerals. The mineralogy of non-coal rocks is similar to that of coals, but pyrite is absent. The most abundant major oxides in the studied samples are SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3, respectively. The SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO are the most abundant major oxides, respectively, in the claystone samples representing partings. Trace element concentrations of Tunçbilek-Tavşanlı coal samples mostly showed higher concentrations (excluding Ba, Sr, Pr, Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm, As, Cd and Bi) compared to the world low-rank coal average. According to the relative enrichment of the elements, the concentration coefficients (CC) of the coal samples are generally in the range of slightly enriched-normal; The CC of the non-coal samples mainly indicate the normal. The average REY concentration in the studied samples is higher than the world low-rank coal concentration and mostly showed L-type enrichment. Moreover, the REY concentration of the supercritical groups constitutes a significant part of the REYtotal concentration in the samples taken from the coal horizon. However, the studied samples are in the unpromising area according to the low cut-off grade value and the relationship between cut-off grade-Coutl. The high correlation coefficient between ash content and REY concentrations also indicates a mineral substance relationship. Al2O3/TiO2 (between 12.5-31.7) ratios of Tunçbilek-Tavşanlı samples show intermediate and felsic source rocks.
Single-pigtail plastic stent made from endoscopic nasobiliary drainage tubes in endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage: a retrospective case series
Authors: Soga Koichi
Published: April 2023

Technical failure of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) is often attributed to device failure. To rectify this problem, we developed a single-pigtail plastic stent (SPPS) for EUS-GBD. We retrospectively reviewed the cases of four patients who underwent EUS-GBD for acute cholecystitis. To prepare the SPPS, a 7.5-Fr endoscopic nasobiliary drainage tube was cut to an appropriate length. The use of SPPS during EUS-GBD was successful from both technical and clinical standpoints. The SPPS spontaneously detached 57 days after the procedure in patient 4 and 412 days after the procedure in patient 1. Patient 1 developed cholecystitis after 426 days and was managed with antibiotics. The other three patients did not develop any complications after surgery. In conclusion, we designed a new SPPS dedicated to EUS-GBD and established its technical feasibility and clinical effectiveness.
Mesopotaamia jumalanna Nanāia mõjudest Kesk- ja Lõuna-Aasias
Authors:   University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Poland, Schumann Andrew , Sazonov Vladimir ,   Estonian Military Academy, Estonia,   University of Tartu, Estonia
Published: April 2023

In this paper we have traced some basic attributes belonging to the Mesopotamian goddess Nanāia, from their origin in the period of Ur III (2112–2004 BC) in ancient Mesopotamia up to the period of the Kuṣāṇas and Kūšānšāhs (from the 1st century AD to the late 4th century AD) in Central and South Asia, and up to the period of their successors – the Kidarites and Hephthalites. We have shown that there was a smooth transformation of these attributes of Nanāia to the standard Indian iconographic motif of Durgā.
Inference of differentially expressed genes using generalized linear mixed models in a pairwise fashion
Authors: Terra Machado Douglas , Bernardes Brustolini Otávio José , Côrtes Martins Yasmmin , Grivet Mattoso Maia Marco Antonio , Ribeiro de Vasconcelos Ana Tereza
Published: April 2023

Background

Technological advances involving RNA-Seq and Bioinformatics allow quantifying the transcriptional levels of genes in cells, tissues, and cell lines, permitting the identification of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). DESeq2 and edgeR are well-established computational tools used for this purpose and they are based upon generalized linear models (GLMs) that consider only fixed effects in modeling. However, the inclusion of random effects reduces the risk of missing potential DEGs that may be essential in the context of the biological phenomenon under investigation. The generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) can be used to include both effects.

Methods

We present DEGRE (Differentially Expressed Genes with Random Effects), a user-friendly tool capable of inferring DEGs where fixed and random effects on individuals are considered in the experimental design of RNA-Seq research. DEGRE preprocesses the raw matrices before fitting GLMMs on the genes and the derived regression coefficients are analyzed using the Wald statistical test. DEGRE offers the Benjamini-Hochberg or Bonferroni techniques for P-value adjustment.

Results

The datasets used for DEGRE assessment were simulated with known identification of DEGs. These have fixed effects, and the random effects were estimated and inserted to measure the impact of experimental designs with high biological variability. For DEGs’ inference, preprocessing effectively prepares the data and retains overdispersed genes. The biological coefficient of variation is inferred from the counting matrices to assess variability before and after the preprocessing. The DEGRE is computationally validated through its performance by the simulation of counting matrices, which have biological variability related to fixed and random effects. DEGRE also provides improved assessment measures for detecting DEGs in cases with higher biological variability. We show that the preprocessing established here effectively removes technical variation from those matrices. This tool also detects new potential candidate DEGs in the transcriptome data of patients with bipolar disorder, presenting a promising tool to detect more relevant genes.

Conclusions

DEGRE provides data preprocessing and applies GLMMs for DEGs’ inference. The preprocessing allows efficient remotion of genes that could impact the inference. Also, the computational and biological validation of DEGRE has shown to be promising in identifying possible DEGs in experiments derived from complex experimental designs. This tool may help handle random effects on individuals in the inference of DEGs and presents a potential for discovering new interesting DEGs for further biological investigation.
Sleep Disorders and Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder in Children: A HospitalBased Observational Study from a Regional Early Intervention Centre in Kerala, India
Authors: Ismail Shafiq Ahamed Mohamed , Gafoor Fabina Abdul
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most extensively studied neurobehavioural disorders of childhood. The association of sleep disorders with ADHD is multidimensional, and understanding them is important in effectively managing patients with ADHD. Aim: To examine the presence of sleep disorders in children with ADHD, to correlate it with parameters of age and ADHD subtypes, and to find out the association between sleep disorders and other socio-demographic, and clinical factors. Materials and Methods: The study sample of this hospitalbased observational study consisted of 70 subjects who presented to the Regional Early Intervention Centre (REIC), Thrissur, diagnosed with ADHD based on DSM 5 criteria and belonging to the age group 5-16 years. Subjects were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to assess sociodemographic and clinical details. The ‘Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children’ (SDS-C) was used to assess sleep disorders in children. The information thus obtained was analysed using SPSS software version 23. Results: Out of the 70 subjects with ADHD, 49 (70%) had sleep disorders. The mean age of study population was 8.66±2.72 years, and the male:female ratio was 4:1. There was comorbid behavioural disorder in 32 subjects (45.7%), and parental history of ADHD in 33 subjects (47.1%). There was a significant association between sleep disorders and behavioural disorders (p-value=0.003) and parental history of ADHD (p-value=0.042). There was a significant negative correlation between age and sleep disorder (p-value=0.033). Conclusion: The prevalence of sleep disorders in ADHD is high in the study population. The relationship between sleep disorders and the presence of comorbid behavioural disorders in ADHD suggests that recognition and management of sleep disorders may require more attention. The association between sleep disorder and parental history of ADHD may enhance the understanding of genomic variants associated with ADHD.
Evaluation of Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk in Some Selected X-Ray Diagnostic Centers in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Ndubisi Orlunta, Aloysius , Akinabie Sokari, Sylvester
Published: April 2023

The evaluation of background ionizing radiation in some selected X-rays diagnostic centers in Port Harcourt has been carried out. This research was achieved with the used of Radex (RD 1212) radiation meter to measure the exposure rate due to ionizing radiation, and geographical coordinate system was employed to record the coordinates of the sampled locations. The exposure rate ranged from 0.14 to 0.22 μSv/h with a mean value of 0.180.03 μSv/h, this value was quite higher than the acceptable limit of 0.133μSv/h set by the international commission on radiological protection (ICRP). The computed annual equivalent dose ranged from 0.25 to 0.39 mSv/y with a mean value of 0.310.05 mSv/y, the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) dose varied from 0.17 to 0.27 mSv/y with a mean value of 0.220.35 mSv/y. This value is lesser than the safe limit of 1mSv/y as recommended by ICRP. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) ranged from 0.64x10-3 to 0.77x10-3 mSv/y with a mean value of 0.760.12x10-3 mSv/y which is quite higher than the safe limit of 0.29x10-3 (UNSEAR). Therefore, the diagnostic centers in Port Harcourt may not be radiologically safe to both occupational workers and patients who are radiologically diagnosed from the general public. Even though the signs of health risk issues are not physically pronounced the chances of contracting radiological health relative issues is still significant. Therefore, is it recommended that adequate steps should be taken to ensure that radiation leakage should be contained, if possible to the barest minimum.
Standard Setting: A Review of Methods
Authors: Alshawwa Lana
Published: April 2023

In the field of education and assessment, cutoff scores are often used to distinguish between levels of achievement on a particular test or assessment. Standard setting is the process of establishing these cutoff scores, which are used to determine passing or failing grades, determine eligibility for certain programs, or identify individuals who may need additional support or intervention. Arbitrary cutoff scores are frequently utilized in many nations and institutions, and most commonly is the 60 % threshold. However, are students scoring around 60% considered competent and proficient? Is this passing threshold acceptable in professions where graduates will be treating and managing patients like Medicine and Dentistry? When implementing standard-setting techniques and when determining the right cutoff point, all of these issues need to be taken into consideration. Rather than using an arbitrary cutoff score of 60% as the passing level, it must be based on a methodical approach that adheres to a scientific technique with a history of validity and reliability. There are many methods which can be used to determine the cut off scores for different examinations. These can be based on judgements of borderline test takers, and these include for examples: Angoff, Nedelsky, and yes and no methods. In general, these methods depend on judges to determine characteristics of certain students who are defined as borderline, where judges evaluate test items before the examination, and assign numerical values for each item based on their belief whether these borderline students can answer these question items or not. Other methods may depend on judgements of examinees. These may include: borderline group, or contrasting group methods. These methods depend on the actual information about individual test takers including their test score and their level of knowledge and skills. Other methods to mention include: bookmark method, body of work, and compromise method.
Knowledge, Infection Prevention Practice, and the Stigma of Monkey Pox Disease among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Rivers State: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Owhonda Golden , Wali Ihuoma Aaron , Eze-Emiri Chidinma , Akpuh Ndubuisi , Onu Hastings , Abiikor Victor , Nwadiuto Ifeoma , Olayinka Adebola , Okamura Mie , Balami Kumshida Yakubu , Kolude Olufunmilola , Ezekwe Bosede , Okafor Chinenye , Oris-Onyiri Victor , Mulombo Walter Kazadi
Published: April 2023

Background: Monkey pox (Mpox) is a zoonotic viral illness that is endemic to Africa. In contrast to earlier years, the current Mpox outbreak has had an unusually rapid worldwide spread in terms of the number of cases, and most of these cases were among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM). The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice of infection prevention, and stigma of Mpox disease among members of the MSM community.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 498 respondents.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 30 years; twenty-three (4.6%) of the total respondents identified themselves as female gender. Urban dwellers were 344 (69.1%). Respondents had a good knowledge of both Mpox disease and transmission; an average knowledge of Mpox symptoms; and an average attitude towards prevention and the practice of prevention of Mpox. Age was found to be significantly associated with knowledge of transmission (p-value). Mpox infection was evaluated as a low-risk event by most responses, but the existence of both community stigma and self-stigma if infected were rated as high.

Conclusion: The knowledge of Mpox disease and its transmission was good, while the attitude and practice of infection prevention was average. However, the existence of community and self-stigmatization was high; which perhaps may result in the possibility of an iceberg phenomenon of Mpox disease in the MSM community. Community sensitization, advocacy, and key population-friendly services are recommended for the MSM community to improve their general access to healthcare and reduce stigmatisation.
Effect of Pre-harvest Salicylic Acid Spray on Shelf Life and Biochemical Changes of Litchi during Storage
Authors: Kumari Priti , Kuma Pawan , Karuna Kumari , Aftab Ahmar , Kumar Anand , Ahmad Feza
Published: April 2023

An experiment was conducted on litchi cv. China at Horticulture garden in the Department of Horticulture (Fruit and Fruit Technology), Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, to show the shelf life and biochemical changes of litchi during storage. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. Salicylic acid was sprayed twice i.e. 15 days and 30 days before anticipated harvesting time with different concentrations of salicylic acid (T1- 50 ppm, T2-100 ppm, T3-150 ppm, T4-200 ppm and T5-control). Different concentrations have different effect on shelf life and biochemical parameters. Salicylic acid with T3-150 ppm has increased TSS (20.02 0Brix), total sugar (13.10 %), ascorbic acid (38.21 mg/100 g pulp), anthocyanin (8.06 mg/100g pulp) and shelf life (4 days) on the 6th day of storage at ambient condition.
Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizers on Leaf Micronutrients in Apple (Malus domestica Borkh)
Authors: Dhindsa Ravneet Kaur , Sharma Uday , Thakur Jagriti , Verma Anjali , Kaushal Rajesh
Published: April 2023

Aims: To evaluate the effect of different nitrogen sources on leaf micronutrients of apple in pot culture studies and field studies.

Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design factorial in pot studies and in a Randomized Block Design factorial in field studies.

Place and Duration of Study: The pot culture experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) and field experiment was carried out at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rohru, Shimla (H.P.) and Horticultural Research Station, Seobagh, Kullu (H.P.) in 2016 and 2017.

Methodology: Experiments were comprised of fourteen treatments and each treatment was replicated three times, having one plant under each replication. Calculated amount of fertilizers was added in the soil at appropriate time and leaf samples were collected for determination of leaf micronutrients. Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) contents were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and boron (B) was estimated by using Azomethine- H method.

Results: In pot culture studies, Cu was 14.96 and 15.05 ppm, Fe was 188.71 and 194.48 ppm, Zn was 31.52 and 32.51 ppm and 64.83 and 65.09 ppm in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The highest B content was recorded under urea alone application (35.64 and 35.48 ppm in 2016 and 2017, respectively). In field studies, Mn was 76.48 and 78.16 ppm at Seobagh and 83.23 and 85.15 ppm at Rohru, Fe was 218.25 and 225.15 ppm at Seobagh and 235.64 and 247.18 ppm at Rohru, Cu was 16.83 and 17.02 ppm at Seobagh and 17.87 and 18.03 ppm at Rohru, Zn was 39.40 and 40.84 ppm at Seobagh and 39.28 and 41.16 ppm at Rohru in 2016 and 2017, respectively. At Seobagh the highest B content in leaves was recorded under urea alone application (37.87 ppm) in 2016 and under the treatment 12:32:16 + calcium nitrate (38.14 ppm) in 2017, while at Rohru highest B content was under urea alone application (33.56 ppm) in 2016 and under calcium nitrate treatment (30.36 ppm) in 2017.

Conclusion: Leaf micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B) were significantly affected on application of nitrogen fertilizers and were the highest under urea alone application and were found to have a direct relation with the reduction in pH of the soils.
THE IMPACT OF ATTITUDES, SELF-EFFICACY, AND SUBJECTIVE NORMS TOWARD Z-GENERATION’S INTENTION TO CHOOSE THE ACCOUNTING MAJOR
Authors: Alan Darmasaputra , Hatane Saarce Elsye , Lieantono Marchelio Eka Cipta , Sonbay Stefanie Stella , Putra Yonatan Tri Eka
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this research is to examine the roles of family, advisor, and teacher as part of the subjective norm toward high school students’ intention to choose an accounting major at the higher education level. The high school students are the Z-generation. Employing partial lease analysis is to predict model parameters and results of several closed survey questions to validate statistical findings with a total of 351 Indonesian high school students as the respondents. These millennials’ intention to choose the accounting major is positively influenced by their attitudes toward the accounting profession; their self-efficacy; and their supporters (the subjective norms). There are three parties as the supporters of these students: parents, advisors, and teachers. The results imply that parents have the highest influence on the students’ decisions to join the accounting major in the university. However, the existence of advisors and teachers raises the students’ self-efficacy which replaces the position of parents’ opinion. This research contributes to planned behavior literature by comparing the roles of parents and teachers, including advisors, toward the students’ behavior. Moreover, the self-confidence of the students in their ability in accounting encourages them to choose the accounting major in their higher education.
Chest Pain, Paced Rhythm, and 2 Missed Indications for Emergent Reperfusion
Authors: McLaren Jesse T. T. , Meyers H. Pendell , Smith Stephen W.
Published: April 2023

This case report describes a 70-year-old patient with intermittent chest pain that developed into constant chest pain, sweating, and shortness of breath.
Assessment of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems With Cigarette Use and Self-reported Wheezing in the US Adult Population
Authors: Sánchez-Romero Luz M. , Bondarenko Irina , Knoll Marie , Hirschtick Jana L. , Cook Steven , Fleischer Nancy L. , Levy David T.
Published: April 2023

Importance

The prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use has increased, leading to a concern about their respiratory health outcomes. It is unclear whether ENDS use increases the risk of wheezing, a common symptom of respiratory conditions.

Objective

To provide an analysis of the longitudinal association between ENDS and cigarette use and self-reported wheezing among US adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants

The US nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study was used. Longitudinal data for adults 18 years or older from wave 1 (2013-2014) to wave 5 (2018-2019) were analyzed. Data were analyzed from August 2021 to January 2023.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The prevalence of self-reported wheezing (waves 2-5) was estimated for 6 strata of tobacco product use (never cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use, never cigarette and current ENDS use, current cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use, current cigarette and current ENDS use, former cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use, and former cigarette and current ENDS use). A generalized estimating equations framework evaluated the association between cigarette and ENDS use and self-reported wheezing at the subsequent wave. An interaction term between cigarette and ENDS use was added to estimate the association between joint cigarette and ENDS use categories and the association of ENDS within strata of cigarette use.

Results

The analytical sample consisted of 17 075 US adults with a mean (SD) age of 45.4 (17) years, of whom 8922 (51%) were female and 10 242 (66%) were Non-Hispanic White. When compared with never cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use, the greatest association in reporting wheezing was for current cigarette and current ENDS use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.26; 95% CI, 2.82-3.77), which was similar to current cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use (AOR, 3.20; 95% CI, 2.91-3.51) and substantially greater than former cigarette and current ENDS use (AOR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.57-2.41). Associations were small and not statistically significant for the odds of self-reported wheezing among never cigarette and current ENDS use when compared with never cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use (AOR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.83-1.72), and for odds of wheezing and current cigarette and current ENDS use when compared with current cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use (AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.91-1.15).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, exclusive ENDS use was not associated with an increase in the risk of self-reported wheezing. However, a small increase in risk between ENDS use and wheezing was reported by individuals who use cigarettes. This study adds to the literature about the potential health effects associated with ENDS use.
Comparison of Postpartum Opioid Prescriptions Before vs During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Steuart Shelby R. , Lawler Emily C. , Bagwell Adams Grace , Shone Hailemichael , Abraham Amanda J.
Published: April 2023

Importance

The COVID-19 pandemic substantially disrupted routine health care and exacerbated existing barriers to health care access. Although postpartum women frequently experience pain that interferes with activities of daily living, which is often successfully treated with prescription opioid analgesics, they are also at high risk for opioid misuse.

Objective

To compare postpartum opioid prescription fills after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 with fills before the pandemic.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this cross-sectional study of 460 371 privately insured postpartum women who delivered a singleton live newborn between July 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020, postpartum opioid fills before March 1, 2020, were compared with fills after March 1, 2020. Statistical analysis was performed from December 1, 2021, to September 15, 2022.

Exposure

COVID-19 pandemic onset in March 2020.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main outcome was postpartum opioid fills, defined as patient fills of opioid prescriptions during the 6 months after birth. Opioid prescriptions were explored in terms of 5 measures: mean number of fills per person, mean filled morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) per day, mean days supplied, percentage of patients filling a prescription for a schedule II opioid, and percentage of patients filling a prescription for a schedule III or higher opioid.

Results

Among 460 371 postpartum women (mean [SD] age at delivery, 29.0 [10.8] years), those who gave birth to a single, live newborn after March 2020 were 2.8 percentage points more likely to fill an opioid prescription than expected based on the preexisting trend (forecasted, 35.0% [95% CI, 34.0%-35.9%]; actual, 37.8% [95% CI, 36.8%-38.7%]). The COVID-19 period was also associated with an increase in MMEs per day (forecasted mean [SD], 34.1 [2.0] [95% CI, 33.6-34.7]; actual mean [SD], 35.8 [1.8] [95% CI, 35.3-36.3]), number of opioid fills per patient (forecasted, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.48-0.51]; actual, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.51-0.55]), and percentage of patients filling a schedule II opioid prescription (forecasted, 28.7% [95% CI, 27.9%-29.6%]; actual, 31.5% [95% CI, 30.6%-32.3%]). There was no significant association with days’ suppy of opioids per prescription or percentage of patients filling a prescription for a schedule III or higher opioid. Results stratified by delivery modality showed that the observed increases were larger for patients who delivered by cesarean birth than those delivering vaginally.

Conclusions and Relevance

This cross-sectional study suggests that the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with significant increases in postpartum opioid fills. Increases in opioid prescriptions may be associated with increased risk of opioid misuse, opioid use disorder, and opioid-related overdose among postpartum women.
A formalism and methodology for measurement and control of LINAC isocenter
Authors: Zacharopoulos Nicholas G. , Fenyes David A.
Published: April 2023

Background and Purpose

Despite the acknowledged need for a stable reference point for LINAC isocenter quality assurance (QA), no standard for such a reference point has been established. This paper introduces a practical and robust technique for measuring and tuning LINAC isocenter within a stable reference frame based on the collimator axes of rotation.

Methods

We develop a framework based on physical isocenter, a refinement of the approach by Skworcow et al. The physical isocenter provides a relatively stable, first principles spatial point from which other LINAC parameters can be referenced. An optical tracking system was used to measure the collimator axes with high precision and an isocenter cost function was implemented to ensure a unique isocenter location. The same optical tracking system was used to (a) align the couch axis to the physical isocenter, (b) align the radiation beam to the collimator axes, and (c) position a marker precisely at the physical isocenter to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.

Results

The framework was successfully demonstrated on an Elekta LINAC. The physical isocenter was shown to be repeatable with a standard deviation of 0.03 mm for the position and 0.03 mm for the radius. The couch axis was aligned to physical isocenter within 0.07 mm. The average collimator to beam axis distance before beam alignment was 0.19 and 0.10 mm after. All these steps were performed within 3 h, showing that the method is efficient when applied to isocenter optimization. The time required to measure physical isocenter and guide a marker to it for day‐to‐day isocenter QA was under 10 min.

Conclusions

We have presented a modular, practical framework for isocenter characterization and optimization based on physical isocenter, which is a stable and fixed reference point.
AATOD, NABH criticize lawmakers for smearing OTPs
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: April 2023

Representative Donald Norcross (D‐N.J.), normally a champion of addiction treatment, caused outrage in methadone treatment field last month when he referred to the opioid treatment program (OTP) model as a “cartel” in his official press statement supporting the Modernizing Opioid Treatment Access Act, which would allow office‐based addiction physicians to prescribe methadone for opioid use disorder (OUD). The proposed legislation would, like the OTAA (Opioid Treatment Access Act) proposed last year (see “Mammoth bipartisan bill would revamp SAMHSA programs,” ADAW, May 16, 2022; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.33428) threaten the “turf” of OTPs. ADAW wrote about the introduction of the bill last month (see https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.33428).