bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mortar for the House of Algebra
Authors: Neureiter Paul R.
Published: January 2021

This is a plea for more generalization, more system, and greater emphasis on interrelationship in the teaching of high school algebra. The student who continues his mathematics work in college is often found quite proficient, in the purely manipulative aspects of algebra, but he rarely has any conception of the laws and broad relationships which compose the theoretical substructure of elementary algebra. Hence it is not uncommon for the college teacher to see a skillful operator in algebra suddenly committing a mathematical atrocity with the blithe air born of innocence. Even in the successful student a sense for the seriousness of an error has not been developed; he shrinks no more from the violation of a fundamental law than from the commission of a minor slip in computation because often he has not learned to distinguish between the grossly incorrect and, what might be called, the honorably incorrect. The following suggestions, trite as they are, may help the teacher create a fabric of meaningful relationships for the benefit of the algebra student.
A Check List for Pre-Induction Mathematics
Authors: Mallory Virgil S.
Published: January 2021

In the October 1943 issue of The Mathematics Teacher a committee1 of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, working with the cooperation of the Civilian Pre-Induction Training Branch of the Army Service Forces and the U. S. Office of Education made a report on Essential Mathematics for Minimum Army Needs.2 The purposes of the report were to emphasize the needs of the inductee for certain minimum essentials in mathematics, to present a list of the essentials needed, to recommend placement in the high school curriculum of those essentials not already there, and to give some guidance for teaching them. Incidentally the report pointed out the value in civilian life of these same essentials.
Measurement of Success in College Mathematics
Authors: Stright I. L.
Published: January 2021

How can one construct a valid examination in college mathematics? The test is to be completed in a one or two hour period. One problem may be given which, although representative of the work covered, may require the majority of the time available for testing. Does such a problem or a group of several problems, usually less than ten, give an accurate measure of how well a student has mastered the material covered?
Field Project in Junior High School Mathematics
Authors: Pyatt Gladys
Published: January 2021

The idea is rapidly gaining recognition that elementary mathematics would profit greatly from the introduction of field and laboratory work. Arithmetic has too often been taught as a skill unrelated to life outside the classroom. If arithmetic is to be fully meaningful, greater care must be taken to assure understandings that function in daily life. In this paper is presented a unit of work that was carried out with pupils on the eighth grade level in which they were taken out of the classroom for observation and first hand information.
The Retention of Arithmetic and Algebra in Relation to Achievement in Plane Geometry
Authors: Challman Mildred
Published: January 2021

The renewed interest in secondary school mathematics that resulted during preparedness and war periods did not instigate this investigation, as the problem here presented seemed important at any time in a plane geometry course. However, the criticisms from various sources of the content and methods of secondary school mathematics provided some motivation for this attempt to study one phase of the entire problem.
Tenth Year Geometry for all American Youth
Authors: Welkowitz Samuel
Published: January 2021

That there is need, indeed a clamoring for change in the mathematical fare offered to high school pupils in the tenth year is evidenced by: (1) the numerous teacher and supervisor meetings devoted to a discussion of the difficulties and problems of teaching plane geometry; (2) the gradual but steady drop, prior to the onset of the war, of the registers of mathematics courses, beyond the ninth year; (3) the rather doubtful results obtained by the pupils on Regents and other uniform examinations; (4) the increasing number of articles in current periodicals on the war and post-war slant of our mathematics courses; (5) frank statements of conscientious teachers of geometry.
The Art of Teaching: Methods Used in the Selection of Pupils for the Study of Algebra and Geometry in Cleveland
Authors: Kraft Ona
Published: January 2021

Educational psychologists may still be disputing about the kind and amount of transfer of training in which we dare believe, but we know now that the sheer struggle to master something difficult and distasteful has in itself no educational value. Although we recognize the benefits of the study of algebra and geometry, we are convinced that not all pupils are capable of obtaining them.
The Emergence of Mathematical Needs in an Industrial Center
Authors: Jacobson Arvid W.
Published: January 2021

The foremost feature in modern science and technology is the expanding role of mathematics. In industry and business the increasing complexity of problems and the ever-present search for better products and services, lead to the use of mathematical methods. Trial and error methods can not alone yield the information of the behavior of a physical system or a business procedure or an economic process necessary if improvement in design or function is to be achieved. To understand and evaluate the effects of small components on the behavior of a system, it must be considered as a single operating unit. The functional dependance of the entire system must be expressed in terms of all of the components, large and small. Thus a mathematical model emerges which is an abstraction of the quantitative and logical relationships of the system. Often, as further improvements are sought, the effect of a larger number of these smaller components need to be understood and weighed. It is thus the proper evaluation of the small effects or “second order effects” that determines progress.
Arithmetic for Majors?
Authors: Wilson Jack D.
Published: January 2021

School administrators are now asking that prospective mathematics teachers be given a better preparation for teaching arithmetic and general mathematics. This paper outlines certain trends related to these requests and describes a course in arithmetic to give prospective teachers the kind of training now being demanded by school officials.
Affiliated Groups: A message to Affiliated Groups
Authors: Ayre H. Glenn
Published: January 2021

The key role played by Affiliated Groups in the work of the National Council was demonstrated at the Fourteenth Summer Meeting of the National Council held at Seattle, Washington, August 22-25, 1954.
For a better mathematics program 1) In the college
Authors: Hildebrandt E. H. C.
Published: January 2021

Colleges, too, are confronted with the problems of providing a more adequate program in mathematics. However, as Felix Klein points out, the colleges face psychological problems which force them “to harmonize contradictory requirements.”
For a better mathematics program 3) In the junior high school
Authors: Pingry R. E.
Published: January 2021

The improvement of content is not the only problem confronting those interested in the junior high school. Psychological problems, teacher shortages, and poor working conditions must be considered.
Mathematics texts and teachers: a tirade
Authors: Kline Morris
Published: January 2021

A sharp look at ourselves as teachers and the tools we use-textbooks—will prove beneficial. Do our textbooks follow patterns? What, if anything, does it signify?
Points and Viewpoints: National Council news
Authors: Fehr Howard F.
Published: January 2021

May I first express my gratitude to the members of the Council for the honor and confidence given to me in the election to the office of President. With the help of the other officers and members of the Board of Directors, I shall do my best to promote the interests of the Teachers of Mathematics and to carry on the fine program initiated by my predecessors in this office.
Tips for Beginners: Teaching the concept of cubic measure through the use of manipulative aids
Authors: Jenkins Jen
Published: January 2021

Cubic measme, encompassing as it does the ideas of both linear and square measure, is a complex concept which requires much care on the part of the teacher for its development. Effective manipulation of cubes and much discussion of their properties will be of great value.
The Russian Peasant Method of Multiplication
Authors: Bowden Joseph
Published: January 2021

The Russian Peasant Method of Multiplication is said to be in common use in the villages of Russia, where it takes the place of the method which is in general use elsewhere.*
Fenomenología de la polis y torsión del Dasein: dialéctica y hermenéutica en la temprana interpretación gadameriana de la ética platónica
Authors: Bey Facundo Norberto
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar y analizar las principales hipótesis de Hans-Georg Gadamer en su libro de 1931 Platos dialektische Ethik. Phänomenologische Interpretationen zum Philebos en relación a las nociones de pólis, aretḗ, tó agathṓn y Dasein. Luego, se intentará demostrar que en este trabajo temprano de Gadamer se formula la primera producción filosófico-política de relevancia del autor, expresada en forma de diálogo crítico con Martin Heidegger, a partir de las nuevas posibilidades interpretativas que la filología y fenomenología le abrieron para el estudio de Platón y su filosofía. Esta obra temprana, además, habría sentado las bases de los futuros desarrollos de la hermenéutica filosófica, en particular, en relación a la caracterización de la estructura dialógico-dialéctica de la comprensión y al vínculo entre éthos, práxis y lógos.

The aim of this paper is to present and analyse the main hypotheses of Hans-Georg Gadamer in his 1931 book Platos dialektische Ethik. Phänomenologische Interpretationen zum Philebos regarding the notions of pólis, aretḗ, tó agathṓn y Dasein. Then, it will be attempted to show that in this early book of Gadamer is his first relevant philosophical-political work, expressed in the form of a critical dialogue with Martin Heidegger, departing from the new interpretative possibilities that philology and phenomenology opened to Gadamer’s studies on Plato’s philosophy. This early work, moreover, would have laid the foundations for the future developments of philosophical hermeneutics, in particular, regarding the characterization of the dialectical-dialogical structure of understanding and the relationship among éthos, práxis and lógos.
Des récits de Bataille aux images cinématographiques : la dimension littéraire du film Georges Bataille, à perte de vue de Labarthe.
Authors: Tremblais Mathilde
Published: January 2021

This article looks at the literary dimension that emerges from Georges Bataille, à perte de vue, a film made by Labarthe in 1997 for the “Un siècle d'écrivains” collection. It will analyze the resolutely literary narrative device put in place by Labarthe in his film. The narrative structure, presented in the film, will be studied and the elements that contribute to the emergence of the literary will be evoked. Labarthe proposes an approach to the fundamental concepts inherent in the fictions of Bataille, which will be the subject of reflection in order to highlight the director's work of re-creating the literary universe of Bataille. The objective of this article is to show that the narrativization strategies that Labarthe deploys in his filmic narrative contribute to restoring Bataille's literality.

Cet article s’intéresse à la dimension littéraire qui se dégage de Georges Bataille, à perte de vue, un film réalisé par Labarthe en 1997 pour la collection “Un siècle d’écrivains”. Il sera question d’analyser le dispositif narratif résolument littéraire mis en place par Labarthe dans son film. La structure narrative que présente le film sera ainsi étudiée et les éléments qui contribuent à l’émergence du littéraire seront évoqués. Labarthe propose une approche des concepts fondamentaux inhérents aux fictions de Bataille qui fera l’objet d’une réflexion afin de mettre en lumière le travail de re-création de l’univers littéraire bataillien mené par le réalisateur. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer que les stratégies de narrativisation que Labarthe déploie dans son récit filmique contribuent à redonner à Bataille sa littérarité.
Transmedia, sofistas y el jogo bonito. Caso de estudio: Santander Fútbol Pasión
Authors: Doladé Alvaro
Published: January 2021

Artículo para la sección Tribuna de adComunica.
El investigador ante la nueva cultura de la evaluación
Authors: Marzal Felici Javier
Published: January 2021

Reseña Giménez Toledo, Elea (2016)Malestar. Los investigadores ante su evaluación.Madrid y Frankfurt am Main: Iberoamericana y Vervuert.208 páginas. ISBN 978-84-8489-818-4 / 978-3-95487-486-6
El estudio de la producción como materia científica
Authors: Marzal Felici Javier
Published: January 2021

Reseña Tiller Tenreiro, Carmen y Palacio Arranz, Manuel (2016).Producción y desarrollo de proyectos audiovisuales.Madrid: Editorial Síntesis.
Preparation of Silver Cyclohexane di Carboxylate: Β-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes and Their Use in the Production of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanowebs
Authors: ATAV Rıza , YILDIZ Aylin , VATANSEVER BAYRAMOL Derman , AĞIRGAN Ahmet Özgür , ERGÜNAY Uğur
Published: January 2021

In this study, guest:host inclusion complexes of silver cyclohexane di carboxylate (Ag-CdC) with β-cyclodextrin were prepared by kneading and physical mixing techniques, and analyzed via Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). The 1:1 and 1:2 stoichiometry of the guest:host were prepared. Obtained FTIR and TGA results showed that formation of silver cyclohexane di carboxylate (Ag-CdC): β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes occurred at a mass ratio of both 1:1 and 1:2. Furthermore, these prepared inclusion complexes were doped in poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers during electrospinning process for obtaining nanowebs. The formation of nanowebs were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Besides, FTIR and TGA analysis were also carried out. Results showed that both inclusion complex preparation and inclusion complex added PVA nanowebs production were successful.
Kumaşlarda Hatayı Yerel Olarak Arayan Denetimsiz Bir Sistem
Authors: YAŞAR ÇIKLAÇANDIR Fatma Günseli , UTKU Semih , ÖZDEMİR Hakan
Published: January 2021

Defects in the fabrics during or after weaving reduce the quality of them. With the development of technology, the frequency of the defects seen in fabrics has decreased, but still occurs. In the process of detecting fabric defects, the quality control unit tries to detect fabric defects. This process is both personal and time consuming, leading to costly and personal Errors. For this reason, solutions have been proposed in studies to carry out and automate the process under computer control. In this study, fabric images are divided into blocks of equal sizes to find out whether there are any defects in the fabrics. The features, which are Extracted by applying feature extraction method to each block of the image, are inserted into the K-means clustering algorithm. Two different methods are applied for feature extraction (gray level co-formation matrix and median difference) and their performances have been compared. The success rate of detecting the defect increases up to 97.99% when the gray level co-occurrence matrix is used. The success rate of detecting the defect increases up to 86.91% when the median differences are used. In addition, In addition, when the success rates are calculated separately for the defects in the weft direction and the defects in the warp direction, it is concluded that the defects in the weft direction are easier to find than the defects in the warp direction.
Vertical electrical field during decay stage of local thunderstorm near coastline in tropical island
Authors: Yu Hai , Zhang Ting-Long , Chen Yang , Lü Wei-Tao , Zhao Xiao-Ping , Chen Jie ,   Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570203, China,   State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China,   Xichang Satellite Launch Center, Xichang 615000, China
Published: January 2021

In order to directly observe the electric field characteristics and study the charge structure in thunderstorms occurring in tropical regions, a balloon-borne strong electric field sounding is used to measure the vertical component of the electric field, temperature within the cloud and real-time location information of the sounding. Based on the principle of corona discharge, two 1-m-long metal probes are used as the sensors to detect the vertical electric field. In the summer of 2019, a result of electric field sounding within a local thunderstorm was obtained in the northeastern coastal area of Hainan Island, China. With the combination of an S-band weather radar, atmospheric electric field instrument and lightning locating network, the charge structure of the thunderstorm is analyzed in detail. The results show that the thunderstorm is a small-scaled local thunderstorm occurring in the afternoon, the sounding starting to be observed at the decay stage of the thunderstorm. In this period, lightning activities is rare, and the variation of ground electric field is similar to that of conventional summer thunderstorms. The whole sounding process lasts 34 min, during which the vertical airflow in the cloud is relatively stable, basically keeping 4–6 m/s. It can be seen from the electric field profile that the charge distribution in the thunderstorm cloud shows a complex charge structure which is composed of six charge regions. A negative charge region is lowermost, and above this the polarity alternates successively from bottom to up, where all charge regions are located above the melting-layer. Due to data interruption, it is impossible to accurately judge the upper boundary of the upper negative charge region and the information about the positive charge region above. The remaining charge regions are located in an altitude range of 6.0–6.3 km, 6.3–6.6 km, 6.9–7.3 km and 7.3–8.3 km, respectively. The charge densities in these four regions are –1.84 nC/m3, 1.80 nC/m3, –1.46 nC/m3, and 1.04 nC/m3, respectively. According to the existing data, the charge density of the uppermost negative charge area should be greater than –0.51 nC/m3. Moreover, the upper positive charge region (the fourth from bottom up) has the largest strength, followed by the negative charge region above it, both of which are more than 1 km in thickness. The electric field intensities in the other charge regions are relatively small. The pairs of positive and negative charge regions at the bottom are slightly different in strength and thickness.
Exercises in intra-acting: A zone of potential
Authors: Junttila Kristina
Published: January 2021

This article is about the participatory performance event Speak for yourself (Snakk for deg sjøl) performed mainly for teenagers at schools through the Norwegian Cultural Schoolbag program (Den kulturelle skolesekken), but also for an open audience at Hålogaland Theatre and the Arctic Arts Festival. The center of the discussion concerns what has agency to initiate various ways of participation and produce a zone of potential in this performance event. The author is one of the artists of the performance and thus the diffractive analysis is informed by her role as artist-researcher. The study’s theoretical framework is inspired by the theory of agential realism from physician and feminist theorist Karen Barad.

The analysis suggests that the initiation of participation is a complex process influenced by both human and non-human performative agents in intra-action with each other. This study will especially focus on the formulation of exercises, performance objects, social media, multiplicity and affect t as performative agents in this performance event. The study indicates that being attentive to the performative agents at play and the kind of participation they produce can potentially create a space where there is room for inclusion, diversity, and unpredictability. This kind of zone of potential also has value for other participatory projects in the intersection between pedagogy and art.
The Final Cut?: The Production of pedagogy and scholarship within a society of control
Authors: Adams Erin , Kerr Stacey , Wurzburg Elizabeth Ann
Published: January 2021

In this article, we explore the teaching of post-qualitative methodology within what Deleuze called a “Control Society.” We offer up the online video series Three Minute Theory, specifically the video What are Societies of Control? as an example of our engagement with post-qualitative theories and methodologies. We posit that post-qualitative methodology repurposes the tools of a control society and for that reason is both needed and necessary for making sense of the world we live in. We begin by providing an overview of a control society. Next, we provide “outtakes” from the video script that serves to illustrate the process of producing a pedagogical product, highlights our collaborative writing process, and provides additional examples of control societies. Then, we discuss our pedagogical considerations when making the video, including the importance of a controlling metaphor and the creation of a “writerly text” that would allow our audience/students to use as an impetus for creation rather than as a source to be reproduced. Finally, we provide examples of the ways in which post-qualitative methodologies align with control societies and the possibilities this presents for researchers.
Bacterial meta-analysis of chicken cecal microbiota
Authors: Chica Cardenas Luis Alberto , Clavijo Viviana , Vives Martha , Reyes Alejandro
Published: January 2021

Poultry production is an industry that generates 90,000 metric tons of chicken meat worldwide. Thus, optimizing chicken growth and sustainable production is of great importance. A central factor determining not only production parameters, but also stability of the immune system and chicken health, is the diversity and variability of the microbiota present throughout the gastrointestinal tract. To date, several studies have investigated the relationship between bacterial communities and the gut microbiome, with limited data to compare. This study aims to create a bacterial meta-analysis based on studies using amplicon sequencing with Illumina sequencing technologies in order to build a baseline for comparison in future analyses of the cecal bacterial composition in chicken. A systematic literature review was performed (SYRF ID: e84f0468-e418-4eec-9da4-b517f1b4809d. Full project URL: https://app.syrf.org.uk/projects/e84f0468-e418-4eec-9da4-b517f1b4809d/detail). From all the available and analyzed manuscripts only nine contained full raw-sequence data available and the corresponding metadata. A total of 324 samples, comprising three different regions within the 16S rRNA gene, were analyzed. Due to the heterogeneity of the data, each region was analyzed independently and an effort for a joint analysis was performed as well. Taxonomic profiling revealed 11 phyla, with Firmicutes as the most prevalent phylum, followed by Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. At genus level, 109 genera were found. Shannon metric for alpha diversity showed that factors like type of chickens (Commercial or experimental) and 16S rRNA gene subregion have negligible effect on diversity. Despite the large number of parameters that were taken into account, the identification of common bacteria showed five genera to be common for all sets in at least 50% of the samples. These genera are highly associated to cellulose degradation and short chain fatty acids synthesis. In general, it was possible to identify some commonalities in the bacterial cecal microbial community despite the extensive variability and factors differing from one study to another.
Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Seafarers’ Life and Well-Being
Authors: Coutroubis Alec D. , Menelaou Angelos A. , Adami Eugen-Henning
Published: January 2021

This research paper aims to identify the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and resulting travel restrictions to seafarers, either onboard or whose embarkations have been delayed.

Two questionnaires were prepared, specific to the seafaring category. Four hundred onboard seafarers completed the survey, as did 100 waiting to embark. The demographic of the respondents represents the global seafaring community. The findings show that both categories have been and continue to be affected by the prevailing circumstances and have substantial concerns about the physical, mental and economic wellbeing of themselves, their families and colleagues.

Given their views that the pandemic will continue for some time to come, it is concluded that employee welfare and freedom of movement must be addressed in a systemic manner by industry and governments alike
Topical Corticosteroids in Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: An Overview of Their Current Status
Authors: Sharma Kusha , Tharmatt Abhay , Salooria Shivali , Sharma Rashi , Bedi Neena
Published: January 2021

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease characterized by epidermal changes with immune regulatory abnormalities. The pathogenesis of AD involves skin barrier defects, genetic factors and immune deregulation. The AD therapy includes skin hydration, anti-inflammatory agents, antibacterial medications and treatment of pruritus. Currently, topical corticosteroids (TCs) are the most frequently used drugs for the treatment of AD due to their potent immunosuppressive action. However, TCs are associated with several local and systemic side effects. The topical steroid addiction and phobia are among the major challenges with TC therapy. Over the years, efforts are being made to reduce side effects which involve adjustment of dosing, minimizing use in vulnerable areas, avoiding prolonged drug usage and application of novel drug delivery systems. The present review provides an overview of the current and upcoming delivery systems of TCs along with novel approaches being employed to improve the drug delivery in the treatment of AD.
Developing a Water Quality Reliability Index Considering Low Impact Development in Urban Areas
Authors: Kim Dong Jun , Choi Kyung Min , Song Yang Ho , Lee Jung Ho
Published: January 2021

With the progress in urbanization, the existing pervious areas change into impervious areas. At the same time, this causes various environmental problems such as worsening the water quality and increasing non-point source pollutants due to excessive rainfall. Studies have proposed to supplement the environmental change problem for the development area through Low Impact Development (LID) techniques. This study evaluated the function of reducing non-point source pollution load in the urban basin through the application of various LID facilities. A reliability evaluation technique was conducted to quantitatively assess the problem of water pollution. Two elements with different levels of physical capacity were constructed using the Distance Measure Method to evaluate reliability. Based on Storm Water Management Model 5.1, various scenarios based on probability rainfall were considered in the Sungnae drainage basin. The results revealed the ideal pipe network in Scenario 3. This study included the need to manage the reduction of non-point source pollution in the urban basin through a preliminary review of various scenarios. By quantifying the results of water quality management of individual facilities, it can be used as basic data for setting effective reduction targets and making decisions considering the characteristics of the basin.
Phenyl‐triggered photophysical switching between normal fluorescence and delayed fluorescence in phthalonitrile‐based luminophores
Authors: Park In Seob , Min Hyukgi , Yasuda Takuma
Published: January 2021

Herein, a facile strategy for switching luminescent properties between normal fluorescence and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is presented. Two luminophoric molecules, VPN‐Ph and VPN‐H, combining phthalonitrile as an electron‐accepting core and triphenylamines as electron‐donating peripheries with and without two phenyl groups, are newly developed. A comparative study on their structural and photophysical properties is conducted. While non‐phenyl VPN‐H does not exhibit TADF but normal fluorescence, phenyl‐introduced VPN‐Ph exhibits TADF with a high photoluminescence quantum yield as a consequence of the phenyl‐triggered steric congestion. By virtue of the TADF feature, an organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) incorporating VPN‐Ph as an emitter achieves a maximum external electroluminescence (EL) quantum efficiency as high as 28.0%, which is five times higher than that of the VPN‐H‐based OLED. Thus, phenyl‐triggered geometric modulation has a drastic impact on the resulting photophysical and EL properties, leading to TADF on/off switching.
Strain Engineering of a MXene/CNT Hierarchical Porous Hollow Microsphere Electrocatalyst for a High‐Efficiency Lithium Polysulfide Conversion Process
Authors: Wang Xin , Luo Dan , Wang Jiayi , Sun Zhenghao , Cui Guoliang , Chen Yuxuan , Wang Tong , Zheng Lirong , Zhao Yan , Shui Lingling , Zhou Guofu , Kempa Krzysztof , Zhang Yongguang , Chen Zhongwei
Published: January 2021

Tensile‐strained Mxene/carbon nanotube (CNT) porous microspheres were developed as an electrocatalyst for the lithium polysulfide (LiPS) redox reaction. The internal stress on the surface results in lattice distortion with expanding Ti−Ti bonds, endowing the Mxene nanosheet with abundant active sites and regulating the d‐band center of Ti atoms upshifted closer to the Fermi level, leading to strengthened LiPS adsorbability and accelerated catalytic conversion. The macroporous framework offers uniformed sulfur distribution, potent sulfur immobilization, and large surface area. The composite interwoven by CNT tentacle enhances conductivity and prevents the restacking of Mxene sheets. This combination of tensile strain effect and hierarchical architecture design results in smooth and favorable trapping–diffusion–conversion of LiPS on the interface. The Li‐S battery exhibits an initial capacity of 1451 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, rate capability up to 8 C, and prolonged cycle life.
Toward sustainable corporate behavior: The effect of the critical mass of female directors on environmental, social, and governance disclosure
Authors: De Masi Sara , Słomka‐Gołębiowska Agnieszka , Becagli Claudio , Paci Andrea
Published: January 2021

Boards of directors have recently become more attentive to their stakeholders' concerns, providing more transparent information and adopting more sustainable business strategies. This study investigates the influence of a critical mass of women on boards on the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure score and its three components separately. Using a sample of the FTSE‐MIB listed companies in the 2005–2017 period, we show that reaching a critical mass of female board members—going from one or two women to at least three—enhances the level of ESG disclosure. The results also show that the critical mass of female board members has a positive influence on every component of the ESG score, with the highest contribution of women reaching the governance score. These findings provide insights to shareholders and policymakers and suggest that a critical mass of female board members is particularly effective in improving transparency, and it can be seen as a mechanism to transit to stakeholder governance, fostering more sustainable behavior in firms.
Impact on urinary oxalate levels with use of ezetimibe
Authors: Trautman Christopher L. , Van Cleve Margaret , Sullivan Emily A. , Ball Colleen T. , Cochuyt Jordan J. , Porter Ivan
Published: January 2021

Background

Calcium oxalate stones are the most common cause of nephrolithiasis in the United States. Smaller studies of <15 patients investigating ezetimibe, a selective cholesterol absorption inhibitor, have suggested increased urine oxalate levels with use of the drug. We attempt to better define this relationship of ezetimibe on urinary oxalate using a larger patient sample analysing multiple urine collections on and off treatment.

Materials and Methods

We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients from 01/2018 through 04/2019 evaluated for nephrolithiasis with use of ezetimibe documented in their medical record at Mayo Clinic Florida. Primary outcomes included increase in urinary oxalate with use of ezetimibe and reduction in urinary oxalate with discontinuation of medication.

Results

Of 57 reviewed patients, 30 (53%) met inclusion criteria yielding 117 24‐h urine measurements either on ezetimibe (72 measurements) or off ezetimibe (41 measurements). The mean urinary oxalate level off ezetimibe was 39.86 mg versus 40.45 mg with ezetimibe. After adjusting for age and sex, the estimated difference was 1.239 mg (95% CI, −4.856 to 7.335 mg; p = 0.93). A subset of six patients with urinary oxalate values both on and off ezetimibe showed a difference in 24‐h urinary oxalate levels ranged from −16.40 to 14.95 mg (mean difference = 0.93 mg; median difference = 3.84 mg).

Conclusion

Use of ezetimibe does not provide clear evidence of a difference in urinary oxalate levels.
FDIinflows spillover effect implications on theAsian‐Pacificlabour productivity
Authors: Ahmed Elsadig Musa , Kialashaki Rahim
Published: January 2021

This study examines Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows spillover effects influence on the labour productivity of the most important Asian‐Pacific countries (Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines, Thailand, China, Japan, Korea, India, Australia and New Zealand). The modified‐intensive growth theory model that is based on labour productivity (out per worker) is employed. Both growth accounting and econometric approaches are combined to estimate input terms (explanatory variables) parameters in the first step followed by the second step that plugs the estimated coefficients into the modified model to calculate the productivity indicators. The results show that the FDI inflows spillover effects are input‐driven which was generally more predominant than total factor productivity (TFP) per worker (intensity) growth that is expressed the combined contribution of inputs' qualities technological progress or what so‐called productivity‐driven. TFP intensity growth results show that most of the selected Asian‐Pacific counters economic growth is considered to be an input‐driven and highly dependent on absorptive capacity per worker. This indicates that the FDI spillover effects (absorptive capacity) have a significant and low impact on these economies. However, the economies of Japan, South Korea and China showed productivity‐driven growth among Asian countries under study. Besides, Australia and New Zealand showed productivity‐driven as resource‐based economies. The technology transfers and human capital skills development or what so‐called FDI spillover effects contribute significantly in the cases of Japan, South Korea, and China among the Asian countries. For these countries to achieve the New Economic Model of development to sustain its long‐run economic growth, to be a high income and knowledge‐driven economy based on high‐skilled human capital, the productivity must be given top priority.
Evaluation and selection of Chinese government venture capital investment projects: A research based on analytic hierarchy process and intuitionistic fuzzy set–technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution method
Authors: Lu Yuzhong , Tian Zengrui , Buitrago Guillermo A.
Published: January 2021

This study, based on the characteristics of the Chinese government venture capital (GVC), developed an index system that basically allows to identify potential on key aspects on a given start‐up, proposing a decision‐making method based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and intuitionistic fuzzy set–technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (IFS‐TOPSIS) to evaluate and select Chinese GVC investment projects. A numerical example of how the proposed model was applied to a GVC investment project selection in China is provided. Our results showed that the adoption of this methodology can contribute to increase fairness and transparency in the evaluation process on GVCs, and the proposed index set is ideal for GVCs for start‐up selection.
Two fractional hybrid and non‐hybrid boundary value problems
Authors: Thabet Sabri T.M. , Etemad Sina , Rezapour Shahram
Published: January 2021

In the current research, we derive some existence and stability criteria for two hybrid and non‐hybrid differential equations of fractional order. By utilizing an analytical technique based on the generalized Dhage's fixed point result, we verify desired existence theorem for the hybrid problem. Also, we consider a special case as a non‐hybrid problem and by using the Kuratowski's measure of non‐compactness, we establish a new existence criterion. Eventually, we turn to investigation of the stability of solutions for the non‐hybrid problem by applying the generalized Gronwall's inequality. Finally, we provide an example to illustrate the relevant non‐hybrid result.
Stereochemical language in supramolecular polymer chemistry: How we can do better
Authors: Palmans Anja R. A. , Meijer E. W. , Denmark Scott E.
Published: January 2021

Stereochemical nomenclature remains a point of attention; especially now different fields in chemistry become more and more entwined. The ubiquitously used terminology “amplification of chirality” is fundamentally incorrect, as chirality cannot be amplified. Instead, we now recommend “amplification of asymmetry” as an alternative in the field of (supramolecular) polymer chemistry. Amplification of asymmetry refers to the increase of the magnitude of the asymmetry in the enantiomeric composition either at the molecular or the supramolecular level, and covers observations of nonproportional increase in optical activity in helical (supramolecular) polymers and in high enantiomeric excesses found when nonlinear effects are operative in asymmetric catalysis.
The multipolar structure of fuzzballs
Authors: Bianchi Massimo , Consoli Dario , Grillo Alfredo , Morales Josè Francisco , Pani Paolo , Raposo Guilherme
Published: January 2021

Abstract

We extend and refine a general method to extract the multipole moments of arbitrary stationary spacetimes and apply it to the study of a large family of regular horizonless solutions to $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 four-dimensional supergravity coupled to four Abelian gauge fields. These microstate geometries can carry angular momentum and have a much richer multipolar structure than the Kerr black hole. In particular they break the axial and equatorial symmetry, giving rise to a large number of nontrivial multipole moments. After studying some analytical examples, we explore the four-dimensional parameter space of this family with a statistical analysis. We find that microstate mass and spin multipole moments are typically (but not always) larger that those of a Kerr black hole with the same mass and angular momentum. Furthermore, we find numerical evidence that some invariants associated with the (dimensionless) moments of these microstates grow monotonically with the microstate size and display a global minimum at the black-hole limit, obtained when all centers collide. Our analysis is relevant in the context of measurements of the multipole moments of dark compact objects with electromagnetic and gravitational-wave probes, and for observational tests to distinguish fuzzballs from classical black holes.
Emergent chiral symmetry in a three-dimensional interacting Dirac liquid
Authors: Szabó András L. , Roy Bitan
Published: January 2021

Abstract

We compute the effects of strong Hubbardlike local electronic interactions on three-dimensional four-component massless Dirac fermions, which in a noninteracting system possess a microscopic global U(1) ⊗ SU(2) chiral symmetry. A concrete lattice realization of such chiral Dirac excitations is presented, and the role of electron-electron interactions is studied by performing a field theoretic renormalization group (RG) analysis, controlled by a small parameter ϵ with ϵ = d−1, about the lower-critical one spatial dimension. Besides the noninteracting Gaussian fixed point, the system supports four quantum critical and four bicritical points at nonvanishing interaction couplings ∼ ϵ. Even though the chiral symmetry is absent in the interacting model, it gets restored (either partially or fully) at various RG fixed points as emergent phenomena. A representative cut of the global phase diagram displays a confluence of scalar and pseudoscalar excitonic and superconducting (such as the s-wave and p-wave) mass ordered phases, manifesting restoration of (a) chiral U(1) symmetry between two excitonic masses for repulsive interactions and (b) pseudospin SU(2) symmetry between scalar or pseudoscalar excitonic and superconducting masses for attractive interactions. Finally, we perturbatively study the effects of weak rotational symmetry breaking on the stability of various RG fixed points.
Radial cutoffs and holographic entanglement
Authors: Grado-White Brianna , Marolf Donald , Weinberg Sean J.
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Tensor networks,$$ T\overline{T} $$TT¯, and broader notions of a holographic principle all motivate the idea that some notion of gravitational holography should persist in the presence of a radial cutoff. But in the absence of time-reflection symmetry, the areas of Hubeny-Rangamani-Takayanagi surfaces anchored to the radial cutoff generally violate strong sub-additivity, even when the associated boundary regions are spacelike separated as defined by both bulk and boundary notions of causality. We thus propose an alternate definition of cutoff-holographic entropy using a restricted maximin prescription anchored to a codimension 2 cutoff surface. For bulk solutions that respect the null energy condition, we show that the resulting areas satisfy SSA, entanglement wedge nesting, and monogamy of mutual information in parallel with cutoff free results in AdS. These results hold even when the cutoff surface fails to be convex.
A radiatively induced neutrino mass model with hidden local U(1) and LFV processes ℓi → ℓjγ, μ → eZ′ and μe → ee
Authors: Nomura Takaaki , Okada Hiroshi , Uesaka Yuichi
Published: January 2021

Abstract

We investigate a model based on hidden U(1)X gauge symmetry in which neutrino mass is induced at one-loop level by effects of interactions among particles in hidden sector and the Standard Model leptons. Neutrino mass generation is also associated with U(1)X breaking scale which is taken to be low to suppress neutrino mass. Then we formulate neutrino mass matrix, lepton flavor violating processes and muon g − 2 which are induced via interactions among Standard Model leptons and particles in U(1)X hidden sector that can be sizable in our scenario. Carrying our numerical analysis, we show expected ratios for these processes when generated neutrino mass matrix can fit the neutrino data.
A cosmic microscope for the preheating era
Authors: Fan JiJi , Xianyu Zhong-Zhi
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Light fields with spatially varying backgrounds can modulate cosmic preheating, and imprint the nonlinear effects of preheating dynamics at tiny scales on large scale fluctuations. This provides us a unique probe into the preheating era which we dub the “cosmic microscope”. We identify a distinctive effect of preheating on scalar perturbations that turns the Gaussian primordial fluctuations of a light scalar field into square waves, like a diode. The effect manifests itself as local non-Gaussianity. We present a model, “modulated partial preheating”, where this nonlinear effect is consistent with current observations and can be reached by near future cosmic probes.
Förder- und Rahmenbedingungen für Partizipative Gesundheitsforschung aus Projektsicht
Authors: Bethmann Andreas , Behrisch Birgit , von Peter Sebastian
Published: January 2021

Partizipative Gesundheitsforschung ist ein eigenständiger Forschungsansatz, der eigene Förderbedingungen benötigt. In der Zeitschrift Gesundheitswesen erschien im April 2020 ein Artikel, der Empfehlungen für geeignete Maßnahmen zur Förderung von partizipativer Gesundheitsforschung diskutiert. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrags werden dort angesprochenen Aspekte durch Praxisbeispiele untermauert.

3 Erfahrungsbeispiele werden aufgeführt, um die vielfältigen und unterschiedlichen Bedingungen während der Bewerbung um Mittel für partizipative Forschungsprojekte zu erläutern. Beispiel 1 zeigt, wie die fruchtbare Zusammenarbeit von Antragstellenden und fördernder Stelle partizipative Prozesse ermöglichte. In Beispiel 2 haben die Förder- und Antragsbedingungen, trotz eines Fokus auf Partizipation, eine wirksame Beteiligung im Rahmen der Antragsentwicklung nicht möglich gemacht. Beispiel 3 setzt sich mit eigenen, berechtigten Forschungsinteressen von Betroffenen auseinander, die in der gegenwärtigen Fördererlandschaft nur eingeschränkt Widerhall finden und kaum Förderung erfahren.

Die Erfahrungen zur Förderung partizipativ angelegter Forschung gestalten sich sehr unterschiedlich. Es gibt positive Fälle, es überwiegen aber Erfahrungen mit Hindernissen, die eine partizipative Zusammenarbeit erschweren. Speziell betrifft dies die gemeinsame Erarbeitung von Forschungsanträgen (Themen, Fragestellung, Design) durch alle maßgeblichen Akteur*innen. Um partizipative Gesundheitsforschung effektiv zu fördern, braucht es daher flexiblere Ausschreibungsformate mit längeren Antragsfristen, die eine mehrstufige Förderung erlauben und auch für nichtakademische Akteur*innen und Akteursgruppen zugänglich sind.
Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Database Created by the China Meteorological Administration
Authors: Lu Xiaoqin , Yu Hui , Ying Ming , Zhao Bingke , Zhang Shuai , Lin Limin , Bai Lina , Wan Rijin
Published: January 2021

This paper describes the access to, and the content, characteristics, and potential applications of the tropical cyclone (TC) database that is maintained and actively developed by the China Meteorological Administration, with the aim of facilitating its use in scientific research and operational services. This database records data relating to all TCs that have passed through the western North Pacific (WNP) and South China Sea (SCS) since 1949. TC data collection has expanded over recent decades via continuous TC monitoring using remote sensing and specialized field detection techniques, allowing collation of a multi-source TC database for the WNP and SCS that covers a long period, with wide coverage and many observational elements. This database now comprises a wide variety of information related to TCs, such as historical or real-time locations (i.e., best track and landfall), intensity, dynamic and thermal structures, wind strengths, precipitation amounts, and frequency. This database will support ongoing research into the processes and patterns associated with TC climatic activity and TC forecasting.