bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Integrated AHP-QFD Model for Investment Banks
Authors: Mihanzadeh Hooman , Widiatama Yulizar , Nik Marzieh Geramian , Gholami Hamed , Laskoukalayeh Zahra Akbardoost
Published: April 2014

This paper proposes an effective model to integrate shareholders’ requirements with regard to Bank’s investment categories in an effort to rank the best project portfolios in order of importance whereby they reap the benefits of their secured investments. This study attempts to utilize Quality Function Deployment (QFD) in an investment bank sector, a customer oriented design tool which starts with House of Quality (HOQ). In this manner, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach was employed to fulfill the intended HOQs through measuring the relative importance of shareholders’ needs as well as finding the relative weight of each investment more precisely. For this purpose, a well-structured questionnaire initially should be developed to identify the selection-criteria “wants” and thereby analyzing the intensity of internal relationships through cooperation with the Bank’s Decision makers (BDMs). The results of project portfolio selection revealed that Project D has been nominated as the most potential investment category, followed by Project C, Project B, Project E and Project A. Hopefully, with implementation of the proposed model, investment banks will become more adaptive and competitive.
Optical Characteristics of Chemically Prepared ZnO Nanostructures on Silica Modified Polyaniline Nanocomposites
Authors: Emphasis Katherine M. , Vequizo Reynaldo M. , Canditato Rolando T. , Odarve Majvell Kay G. , Bagsican Filchito Renè G. , Gambe Jess E. , Sambo Bianca Rae B. , Alguno Arnold C.
Published: April 2014

Zinc oxide (ZnO) on silica modified polyaniline (SM-PANI) was prepared via chemical bath deposition and in situ polymerization. The optical characteristics of the nanocomposites were investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The bands showed higher absorbance in the visible region. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that there is an interaction between SM-PANI and ZnO.
Network-Fit in a Disruptive Environment: Assessment of the Strategic Fit among Partners of a Value-Added Network
Authors: Kampker Achim , Burggräf Peter , Nee Carsten
Published: April 2014

Disruptive innovations go along with new requirements concerning cost, quality and scalability while the market environment is considered as uncertain and highly dynamic. Many companies form cooperation to acquire competencies and spread the business risk as well as to cope with these new requirements. This leads to new opportunities for value-added networks, as they can be designed to perform best in terms of cost and quality, to handle scalability as well as to define a collective strategy to align the specific goals of network participants. For companies it remains unsure which value-added network to join, which strategic program to initiate and whether the collective strategy of the network fits the corporate strategy of the company. So far there is no methodology that allows network participants to assess the strategic fit towards a value-added network. This paper discusses and addresses the need for action in fit assessment in theory and practice. As a result a methodology to assess the strategic fit of value-added networks is presented. Parts of the strategic fit assessment are: fit in strategic success positions and potentials, structural fit, cultural fit and fit in motives. The electric engine production for electric vehicles is chosen as an example for disruptive innovation and serves as the application case for the methodology of network fit assessment.
An Empirical Study of Perceptual Factors Underlying Customer Reactions for New Product Positioning in Notebook Industry
Authors: Yeh Chun Wu , Fang Chih Chiang , Lee Tean Quay
Published: April 2014

Customer reactions to products are an important way to explore trends in new product development. The reputation of a brand represents the perceived corporate image that is held by its ultimate customers. Complaints from the ultimate customers to brands are messages that can be used to obtain their true demands with regard to products. Therefore, this research depicts the mental simulation of customer cognition for brands and creates a product positioning model based on cognitive psychology and the theory of reflexivity. The perceptual factors as a pioneering examination used to analyze customer complaints, include appearance, function, and cosmetic elements, are used for the measurement of the trend of future product positioning.
Analysis on Convergence in Green Technology Field Using Patent Information
Authors: Jeong Dae Hyun , Kwon Young Il
Published: April 2014

Convergence means that independently existing entities create a new entity with a larger value through chemical bonding. Such convergence requires consilience of knowledge or discipline. Green technology shows a strong nature of convergence, having strong links between technologies rather than being an independent technology. Green technology can help the energy convergence society by producing energy through renewable energy, abandoning the way of growth of inputting large amount of fossil fuel like petroleum and gas, managing energy through a smart grid, storing energy in energy storage facility, and using LED or environment-friendly vehicle. In this study, we will measure the degree of convergence in green technology field to consider which field of technology actually converges in green technology. In the result, it was found that convergence was continuously increasing in green technology field, and the link between solar energy and LED lighting technology was especially strong. This means that convergence is happening between a technology of energy production and a technology that uses energy, and that the society is going forward to energy convergence society through green technology.
Integrated TRIZ-AHP Support System for Conceptual Design
Authors: Rosli M.U. , Ariffin M.K.A. , Sapuan S.M. , Sulaiman S.
Published: April 2014

. Amid the fierce rising competition in the market, accelerating the problem solving and decision making process have become major issues in product design especially in conceptual design stage. For years, Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) has been extensively applied in problem solving. In this paper, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was proposed to strengthen three major steps in TRIZ methodology namely as problem definition, root cause identification and solution generation. The integration was then structured in the form of computer-based system. The integration, application and software in AHP and TRIZ method have been discussed in this paper. This proposed support system not only provided evidence that TRIZ methodologies improved by the support of AHP and also aided the designers in early design phase such as concept, process and material selection.
Transient AC Electro-Osmotic Flow of Generalized Maxwell Fluids through Microchannels
Authors: Yin Ze , Jian Yong Jun , Chang Long , Na Ren , Liu Quan Sheng
Published: April 2014

In this paper, we represent analytical solutions of transient velocity for electroosmotic flow (EOF) of generalized Maxwell fluids through both micro-parallel channel and micro-tube using the method of Laplace transform. We solve the problem including the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation, the Cauchy momentum equation and generalized Maxwell constitutive equation. By numerical calculation, the results show that the EOF velocity is greatly depends on oscillating Reynolds number and normalized relaxation time.
Poplar Wood Veneer Stain Retardant Study the Integration Process
Authors: Shen De Jun
Published: April 2014

In this study, the use of fire retardant, stain mixed solution using heat, pressure processing poplar veneer, the use of orthogonal experiment to determine the optimal technology mix rationale for poplar veneer: processing retardant, stain veneer process optimization flame retardant concentration of 20%; dye concentration of 0.5%; retardant treatment time 60min.
The Effects of Cu Content on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Thixoformed A319 Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Salleh Mohd Shukor , Omar M.Z. , Syarif J. , Alhawari K.S. , Mohammed M.N.
Published: April 2014

The effect of copper contents on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A319 aluminium alloy in thixoformed conditions was investigated. The results showed that the addition of 1 wt. % and 2 wt. % copper to A319 alloy reduced the fraction liquid sensitivity and enlarged the working window temperature. Based on the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data, the curve of the fraction liquid versus temperature was constructed for each alloy, indicated the temperatures corresponded to the fraction liquid of 30% and 50%. It was found that the working window temperature for A319 alloy of 7 oC increased to 12 °C when 2 wt. % copper was added, while the sensitivity decreased from 0.027 °C-1 to 0.016 °C-1.The alloy feedstocks produced by cooling slope casting were thixoformed successfully at 40% fraction liquid. The thixoformed A319 alloys attained a hardness level as high as 118.2 ± 2.5 HV when 2 wt. % copper was added.
Effects of Curing Systems on the Strength and Microstructure of Reactive Powder Concrete with Iron Tailing Sands
Authors: Zhu Zhi Gang , Li Bei Xing , Liu Jin Cheng , Lv Xing Dong
Published: April 2014

To produce 130MPa reactive powder concrete with iron tailing sands as aggregation in an economic hot curing system, the effects of curing temperature, curing time and curing conditions on the reactive powder concrete was studied, the reasons of the strength of reactive powder concrete in different curing systems has the difference from the submicroscopic structure point of view was analyzed. The results show that use 90°C hot water to cure reactive powder concrete for 48h can lead it’s 28 day compressive strength reaches 140MPa, the flexural strength reaches 28MPa.
The Photodegradation Performance of Phosphotungstic Acid/CdS Composite Materials to Organic Dyes
Authors: Wang Tian Shu , Bao Sarulaaodu , Xu Ling , Liu Zong Rui , Duan Li Mei
Published: April 2014

In this paper, CdS sample and phosphotungstic acid/CdS composite materials were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and impregnation method, respectively. These samples were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and TEM. The characteristic peaks of phosphotungstic acid and CdS appeared in IR spectra of phosphotungstic acid /CdS composite samples. Using the degradation of Rhodamine B and Methylene blue solutions as the model reaction, respectively, the photocatalytic degradation performance of CdS, phosphotungstic acid and their composite samples was discussed under the irradiation of UV light or sunlight. The results showed the degradation effect of phosphotungstic acid /CdS to Rhodamine B and Methylene blue solution was better than CdS under the irradiation of 250 W mercury lamp or sunlight. Composite sample 1 had the best photocatalytic activity and its degradation rate on Rhodamine B was 85.2 % at 120 mins with pH 3.5 under sunlight, and the degradation rate of Methylene blue reached about 92.1% at 120 mins with pH 6.0 under sunlight.
Effect of Al Addition in Cast Nickel Base Superalloy, GTD-111 on Microstructures and Oxidation Behaviors at 900°C and 1000°C
Authors: Wangyao Panyawat , Eiriyakul Tawanrat , Polsilapa Sureerat , Srigiofun Pajaree , Srihakulang Ornin
Published: April 2014

The objective of this research work is to investigate the effect of Aluminum addition in cast nickel base superalloy grade GTD-111 by vacuum arc melting process on microstructural modification and oxidation behavior at elevated temperatures of 900°C and 1000°C. The Al element, basically, could be added in cast nickel base superalloys in proper amount to form precipitated intermetallic phase with nickel atoms as gamma prime phase (γ’, Ni3Al) to increase mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, Al can assist nickel base superalloy to form protective oxide film, Al2O3 for better oxidation resistance at very high temperatures. In this research, all casted samples of GTD-111 with various Al additions for 1, 2 and 3 percent by weight were solutioning treated at 1125°C for 6 hours and following with precipitatation aging at 845°C for 24 hours. The oxidation tests were carried out at temperatures of 900°C and 1000°C up to 110 hours. From all obtained results, it was found that the sample that has the most microstructural stability after long-term heating as simulated working conditions is GTD-111 sample with 2%wt. Al addition. Furthermore, more Al addition had resulted in higher oxidation resistances for both testing temperatures.
A Study of Gold Recovery from E-Waste by Bioleaching Using Chromobacterium violaceum
Authors: Dangton Jarurat , Leepowpanth Quanchai
Published: April 2014

Chromobacterium violaceum is able to produce and detoxify small amounts of cyanide that has been used to recover gold from Electronic scrap materials (ESM). The particle size ≤75 μm fraction was used, containing 0.22% Au and 33.0% Cu. The bioleaching was carried out in 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask with 200 ml LB medium at 0.5% pulp density in pH 9 and shaking in an incubator shaker (200 rpm) at 30°C. The experiment featured two variables, copper removal with nitric acid and 2 leaching times, 1-step and 2-step bioleaching for enhanced cyanide production and gold dissolution. The maximum cyanide production was observed after 1 day before ESM adding. The results showed high efficiency of gold bioleaching from treated EMS containing 0.21% Au and 3.67% Cu. Dissolution of gold increased from 1.63% (0.13 mg/L) to 13.62% (1.43 mg/L) after 7 days in 2-step bioleaching. This study increased the efficiency of gold recovery by bioleaching significantly and can be recycled in an environmental friendly manner.
Surface Modifications of Mg Alloys Based on Micro-Arc Oxidation Methods from Manufacturing Perspectives
Authors: Tao Hong , So King Ho , Li Echo , Zhang Xue Zhu , Lai Gary
Published: April 2014

Chemically and mechanically protective coatings are formed on surface of Magnesium alloys by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) methods. From manufacturing perspectives, modification of the obtained MAO surfaces was made in two aspects. Firstly, the protection is enhanced by forming super-hydrophobic surfaces, with water contact angle higher than 120o, attributed to hierarchical nanomicro structures. The overall process involves alkaline etching to form nanoscale structures on top of micro-porous surface achieved during micro-arc oxidation processes. Secondly, the electrical property of the MAO surfaces is modified. A film with electrical conductivity of 2.4Ω/sq is achieved by Ni deposition and characterized by four point probe measurement. The morphology, phase, and chemical composition of all surfaces are investigated by SEM and XRD analysis.
Rigidity Analysis of Kenaf Thermoplastic Composites Using Halpin-Tsai Equation
Authors: Mansor M.R. , Sapuan S.M. , Zainudin E.S. , Nuraini A.A. , Ariff Arep
Published: April 2014

In this paper, the stiffness mechanical property of natural fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites is analyzed using composite micromechanical model. Kenaf natural fiber is selected as the reinforcement material in the composites construction while three types of commonly used automotive grade thermoplastic matrices, namely polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and polyamide 6 were selected to be reinforced with kenaf fibers. Their stiffness property was later analyzed using Halpin-Tsai micromechanical model at varying fiber content and fiber aspect ratio conditions. In all cases, theoretical results show that the kenaf reinforced thermoplastic composites stiffness increased linearly as the fiber contents were increased. Apart from that, results also show that the stiffness property also increases as the fiber aspect ratio was increased. Higher final composites stiffness property was also observed as stiffness matrix material is utilized in the composites formulation. The prediction results also provided valuable and quick insight as well as cost effective alternative to composite designers in assessing the stiffness performance of natural fiber composites especially those which are reinforced with thermoplastic matrices compared to conventional experimental technique for automotive product development purposes in addition to identifying the optimal parameter to be put into focus in their composites design to achieve the intended design performance specifications.
Investigation of the Thermal Properties of Different Grades Polyamide 12 (PA12) in Improving Laser Sintering Process (SLS)
Authors: Way Yusoff , Pham D.T. , Dotchev K.D.
Published: April 2014

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is a combined technology of computer and laser to produce complex 3D prototypes directly from CAD modeling. One of the main advantages of employing this technology is that the non-sintered powder can be recycled and reused for another fabrication. However, the fabricated part could be affected by rough and unacceptable surface texture. As a result, the parts may have to be scrapped and the build has to be repeated with a higher ratio of new material. This paper presents an experimental study of the thermal properties of new and recycled of PA12 powder in the Laser Sintering process. The influence of melting temperature, glass transition temperature and crystallization temperature on these properties is investigated. The experimental results have shown that PA12 powder with high melt flow rate, low melting temperature, low glass transition temperature and low degree of crystallization temperature could improve the sintering process.
Steam Methane Reforming of Natural Gas with Substantial Carbon Dioxide Contents – Process Optimization for Gas-to-Liquid Applications
Authors: Maqbool Wahab , Park Sang Jin , Lee Euy Soo
Published: April 2014

Steam methane reforming has been a conventional process to produce synthesis gas which is an important feedstock to many chemicals. However, for gas to liquid (GTL) applications this reforming process is not suitable as it produces synthesis gas with very high hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio than required by the Fischer Tropsch synthesis in GTL line. In this work, a GTL process is designed in which synthesis gas is produced by steam reforming from a natural gas feedstock containing relatively substantial carbon dioxide contents in it. Synthesis gas composition is tailored by tail gas recycling from the Fischer Tropsch products. Process simulation and optimization is performed on Aspen HYSYS to produce synthesis gas with hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio of 2 which is desired in GTL technology.
Preparation of Gold Nanocrystals Having Various Morphologies under Polymeric Bulk Phase
Authors: Cha Sang Ho
Published: April 2014

A novel synthetic approach for gold nanocrystals using triblock copolymer as a polymeric template was described. The triblock copolymer used in this study was poly (ethylene oxide)20-poly (propylene oxide)70-poly (ethylene oxide)20 with hydroxy or thiol end-functional groups. The complexes of HAuCl4 and triblock copolymers were prepared by mixing and drying. After exposed to the sunlight for a few days, the gold nanocrystals, which have different sizes and shapes according to the ripening time, end functional groups, and gold salt concentrations, were obtained. The optical properties of the gold nanocrystals were also discussed.
Optimization Sol Gel Process Parameter of CaCu3Mn4O12
Authors: Nurulhuda A. , Hafizzal Y. , Warikh A.R.M. , Rafidah A. , Suhaila Y. , Azrina A. , Anwar I.S.
Published: April 2014

The influence in optimization of processing, calcinations and sintering parameter on the physical properties and characteristic of CaCu3Mn4O12 were investigated. The stoichiometric CaCu3Mn4O12 powders were successfully prepared by the citric gel method. Dried gel with three dimension network consisted of molar ratio of [citrates/metallic ion]; 1:2 was formed. The precursor gel formed was calcined and sintered at range 400 °C to 800 °C. A single-phase CaCu3Mn4O12 fairly well densified at relative low temperature under atmospheric sintering condition. FESEM results turned out that CaCu3Mn4O12 powder particle is submicron in size and highly agglomerates due to high calcinations temperature. The smaller particle size with higher grain boundary and less of porosity were found for the sample sintered at 700 °C to 800 °C. The samples show the ‘superparamagnetism’ behavior where the M-H curves are linear with the field and have a smaller value of coercivity at room temperature. Sintering at 800 °C produced the sample with lowest Hc value due to the phenomenon of over grown magnetocrystallites, grain size and grain boundaries.
Study the Effect of Vegetable-Based Lubricant on Surface Roughness during Milling Operation by Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Siti Aishah Adam , Yap Yih Loong
Published: April 2014

Milling is a common machining process with high cutting speed and material removal rate. High cutting speed tends to generate heat at the interface between tool and workpiece. This may reduce the surface quality of the workpiece and reduce the tool life. The application of conventional cutting fluid to reduce friction and heat between tool and workpiece may produce numerous environmental problems. The vegetable-based lubricant as an alternative for measuring the effect on surface quality during milling operation is studied. The relation between machining parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut and lubricants is analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimization of surface quality is analyzed by using Box-Behnken Design of RSM. The research focused on using sunflower oil as lubricant during machining process using mild steel solid block with TiCN coated HSS tools and using synthetic oil as comparison. Surface roughness for using sunflower oil as lubricant is 0.457 μm which lower compared to synthetic oil with 0.679 μm. Feed rate and spindle speed give the most significant effect to the surface roughness during milling operation. The application of vegetable-based oil as lubricant gives better surface quality, prevent tool wear and offer environmental advantages.
Low Temperature Annealing Effect on Electrical Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Wafers for Photovoltaic Application
Authors: Boucheham Abdelghani , Bouhafs Djoudi , Khelifati Nabil , Palahouane Baya
Published: April 2014

The aim of this work is to study the low temperature annealing effect on the electrical properties of p-type multicrystalline silicon grown by Heat Exchanger Method (HEM).The minority carrier lifetime variation, the transition metal elements behavior, the sheet resistivity and the interstitial oxygen concentration after different temperatures annealing under N2 ambient were investigated using quasi-steady state photoconductance technique (QSSPC), secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), four-probe measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), respectively. The obtained results indicate in the temperature range of 300°C to 700°C that the effective lifetime increases and reaches its maximum values of 28 μs at 500 °C and decreasing to 6 μs at 700 °C. This amelioration is due probably to metallic impurities internal gettering in the extended defects and in the oxygen precipitates as observed on SIMS profiles and the FTIR spectra. From 300 °C to 500 °C the sheet resistivity values rest unchanged at 30 Ω.cm-2 and rises significantly to reach 45 Ω.cm-2 for T> 500 °C.
The Analysis of Influence on the Edge Drop of Tandem Cold Rolling Mill
Authors: Zhou Xiaomin , Cheng Xiao Xu
Published: April 2014

Edge-drop control enlarges the shape control theories and technologies. But compared to the profile and flatness control technology, the edge drop control is a developing topic. This paper analyze the influence of strip thickness, strip width, reduction ratio, friction coefficient and deformation resistance on the edge drop based on the elastic deformation of rolls and the three-dimensional plastic deformation of strip for UCMW cold rolling mill. The results will support the further research on the edge drop control for cold rolling mill.
Pore Size Control of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons and Adsorption Performance of Dye Molecules
Authors: Cao Yang , Zhu Jian Zhong , Ding Ying , Han Gang , Fan Rong Liang , Fu Hai Qin
Published: April 2014

Different kinds of mesoporous carbon materials can be obtained through the use of different templates or control condition. The study describes the adsorption behavior of dyes such as rhodamine B, methylthionine chloride and reactive red from aqueous solution using ordered mesoporous carbon in different pore size distribution. In this study, the method of controlling the aperture of ordered mesoporous carbon is changing the mass ratio of the revised template and carbon source. Ordered mesoporous carbon was synthesized with the evaporation induced self-assembly method in different proportion of template agent (F127) and phenolic resin and employed to evaluate the effects of initial concentration, contact time, pH and temperature on the removal of dye solution in batch experiments. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 adsorption-desorption. These analyses reveal that the mesoporous carbon have ordered structure. The experimental results indicated the ordered mesoporous carbon in different pore size distribution showed significant differences in the adsorption of different dyes and it was provided with an excellent selective adsorption.
A New Plasmonic Filter through Double Metal Films Perforated with Rectangular Grooves and Circular Holes
Authors: Zhang Xiang Nan , Liu Gui Qiang , Hu Ying , Chen Yuan Hao , Cai Zheng Jie , Liu Zheng Qi , Liu Xiao Shan , Liu Mu Lin
Published: April 2014

A novel plasmonic passband filter consisting of metal-insulator-metal perforated with an array of rectangular grooves and circular holes is proposed and demonstrated. The transmission property of the proposed structure is obtained by employing the finite difference time domain with perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition. The result reveals that a passband with high transmission can be achieved. And the transmission peak position can be efficiently tuned by changing the factors of the structure, such as the sizes of circular holes and grooves. The proposed filter has potential applications for integrated optoelectronic devices due to its miniaturized size.
Metallic Ellipsoidal Array – Film for Enhancing Transmission via Plasmonic Coupling
Authors: Hu Ying , Liu Gui Qiang , Zhang Xiang Nan , Chen Yuan Hao , Cai Zheng Jie , Liu Zheng Qi , Liu Xiao Shan , Liu Mu Lin
Published: April 2014

In this paper, a novel metal structure that integrates double continuous Au films and double aligned gold (Au) non-close-packed ellipsoidal nanoparticle arrays is proposed. The optical features of this structure are simulated by using the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) method. Bimodal plasmonic resonances with the highest transmission up to 74% and 66% (corresponding to the short and long-wavelength, respectively) are achieved. This proposed structure with sub-wavelength size may provide fascinating applications in optoelectronic devices such as transparent conductors and conductive devices, slow light devices, highly sensitive sensors.
The Design of a Cylindrical Cam Structure whose Profile could be Reconstructed
Authors: Shi Li Jun , Chen Wen Jia , Hu Yong Jin , Shao Zi Yan
Published: April 2014

Traditional cam profile curve is not changeable after it is made. So it can’t meet the requirement when the follower needs to change the motion within a short time. Therefore, we designed a new cylindrical cam structure whose profile curve could be reconstructed by adjust inserted depth of the chips. We built its three-dimension object model by SOLIDWORKS and explained its advantages and shortcomings. We illustrated its advantages by provided an example of application. And results show the new cam structure is high versatility and convenient to realize the needs of different follower motion by reconstruct its profile.
Strain Measurement in the Steel Shell Surface Impacted by a Falling Ball
Authors: Liu Wei , Song Jie , Guan Hua , Han Xiao , Wu Jian Zhong , Yang Wen Ge , Li Xiao Pan
Published: April 2014

In order to study the maximum strain of steel shell surface under the impact of a falling ball, a thin shell model and the strain time history curves of impact are achieved by ANSYS/LS-DYNA. A deformation behavior of the shell was calibrated from the test which uses a ball free fall and some resistance strain gauges pasted to the inner surface of an iron shell box. The gauges are connected as inputs to a Wheatstone bridge circuit and an Oscilloscope is used to observe the output. The results show the impact test and ANSYS/LS-DYNA simulation results are smoothly consistent with the strain of the test at the maximum strain amplitude of the model, and the maximum difference is 9.5%. Accurate results can be achieved by combining the test method and the simulation approach as an industrial application.
Analysis and Calculation of Spud Clamshell Dredger’s Heeling
Authors: Xiao Han Bin , Lu Kai Fa , Lu Shi Qing
Published: April 2014

As a ship of high technology content, dredger is equipped with a very important structural part—spud. In actual working condition, spud is affected by seabed terrain and force of sediment. Moreover, water flow and wind will impact the hull. Consequently, the effect of moment of force on the hull’s center of gravity will cause heeling of the hull. This paper, with the help of geometrical relationship, is to quantificationally analyze and calculate the influence of transverse, longitudinal sloping and ordinary heeling on the underwater positioning accuracy of clamshell in the condition of heeling. Then it offers relevant compensation, in order to reduce the accuracy error of clamshell’s underwater positioning caused by hull’s heeling.
Dynamical Penetration Simulation of Solid Target under Shaped Charge Liner
Authors: Wang Fu Sheng , Ji Yao Yao , Zhang Jing Lin , Qiao Sheng Jun
Published: April 2014

A finite element model of rock mass under linear conical shaped charge liner including explosive, metal liner, air and rock mass is built. The ALE algorithm is applied to simulate the penetration characteristic of rock mass and analyze the influencing factors such as the cone angle, the wall thickness of metal liner, and the standoff distance. Fluid-structure coupling condition is used between metal liner and air as well as between air and rock mass. The present results show that LS-DYNA can be well used to simulate the progress of jet formation and rock penetration with the transmission and focusing of shock stress wave. The different cone angles, wall thicknesses of the metal liner, and the standoff distances will influence the penetration effect.
The Study Wear Resistance of the Modified Surface of the Cutting Tool
Authors: Vereschaka Anatoliy Stepanovich , Vereschaka Alexey Anatolevich , Migranov Mars S.
Published: April 2014

One of the effective ways to improve the efficiency of cutting tools is the use of innovative types of multilayer coatings combining friction properties and high wear resistance. The object of study of this work was to investigate the influence of the composition of sublayer with anti-friction properties like component functional multilayer coatings on tool life. The data obtained in these studies were the basis for the development of the concept of functional multilayer coatings for cutting tools with programmable properties, providing an opportunity for each coating layer to perform a required function at a certain stage of tool wear.
As used HSS substrate which is preliminarily subjected to ion nitriding by glow discharge and in addition alloyed gas-metal ions before coating deposition. The final step involved coating deposition process TiCrN using filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition (FCVAD). Studies have shown that mixing the antifriction alloys which are widely used to improve friction properties allow to increase the tool life is not more than two times. This method of the tool life increase by reducing the shear strength of boundary adhesion between the tool and the work material does not seem to be the most effective for multilayered coatings under analysis, as for almost all studied anti-friction materials, the adhesion between the coating and the modified surface was rather low.
This precludes their practical application due to technological reasons. Implantation the chemical elements can achieve much better results. Elements such as indium, silver and nitrogen increase tool life in 2 - 3 times for different cutting conditions (using dry cutting or cutting with cutting fluid). The obtained results can be considered as the most promising. Indium and silver are interactive with respect to Fe and may be used as lubricants in metal and promote a crushed chip forming at cutting using coating under the study. Ion surface modification of the tool with other studied elements demonstrates unstable or negative results that reduction in tool life or inability to provide good adhesion between the coating and substrate.
The Inversion of Formation Parameters after Volume Fracturing
Authors: Peng Jiao , Shao Xin Min , Zhou De Sheng
Published: April 2014

Volume fracturing is the key technology that has made the development of tight oil formations economical. Well testing is often used to obtain formation parameters in oil field after volume fracturing in tight oil formations, which is time-consuming and accuracy is low. Based on a new analytical solution methodology, this paper presents a simple and efficient approach by matching the production data to obtain formation parameters, just like formation permeability, fracture conductivity, dimensionless conductivity, propped length and so on. The numerical solution is applicable for finite-conductivity vertical fractures in rectangular shaped reservoirs. The mathematical formulation is based on the method of images with no flow boundaries for symmetrical patterns.
Investigating the Effects of Blending Ratio and Injection Parameters on the Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber-Filled Nylon 66 Composite Gear
Authors: Mehat Nik Mizamzul , Zakarria Noor Syuhada , Kamaruddin Shahrul
Published: April 2014

The recycling of plastic products is gaining widespread attention because of its significance in the reduction of petroleum consumption and in the conservation of limited resources. It is also an effective method of handling plastic waste, as opposed to traditional landfill and incineration waste disposal methods. This study attempts to find a method by which to manage the increasing amount of PA66-GF waste generated by the gear industry through the recycling method. By adopting the L27 Taguchi orthogonal array, S/N ratio and ANOVA are conducted to evaluate the impact of recycled materials on various compositions. The different settings of injection parameters on the gears’ Young’s modulus and elongation at break are also identified and examined.
Multi-Pulse Chaotic Dynamics of a Composite Laminated Plate with Strong Coupling
Authors: Zhao Y. , Xu W. , Zhang J.H.
Published: April 2014

In this paper, the multi-pulse chaotic dynamics of a simply-supported symmetric cross-ply composite laminated rectangular plate with the parametric and forcing excitations is investigated by using the extended Melnikov method. The two-degree-of-freedom non-autonomous nonlinear dynamical system of the plate with strong coupling is considered. The results obtained here indicate that multi-pulse chaotic motions can occur in the plate. Numerical simulation is also employed to find the multi-pulse chaotic motions of the plate based on the theoretical analysis.
Metallurgical Defect and Hydrogen Embrittlement Failure of a Gear
Authors: Gao Yu Zhou , Yu Zhi Wei , Xu Xiao Lei
Published: April 2014

Circumferential cracking occurred on the spoke plate of a statically placed marine gear. Fractographic investigation indicates that two independent crack origins are present on the fracture surface. Intergranular fracture mode was mostly found in slow crack propagation region and the intergranular facets associated with ductile shearing. Metallographic observation reveals that a type of macro casting defect, spot-segregation, is generally present on the gear material. Large size macro spot-segregation defect zones just appear in two crack origin regions. Appearance of the large spot-segregation zones in the core of spoke plate supplies the favorable metallurgical condition for hydrogen-induced fracture: presence of excessive impurities of S, P and then appearance of abnormal microstructure of upper-bainite susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement. From the evidences it is concluded that the gear failed due to the hydrogen embrittlement. The possible source for hydrogen was introduced during melting and casting operating.
Finite Element Analysis of the Influence of Balance Mode on Rolling Mill Universal Spindle Strength
Authors: Guo Zhi Qiang , Xu Ze Lu
Published: April 2014

For the problem of balance bearing of universal spindle in rolling mill being prone to damage, the paper established mechanical model and finite element model of universal spindle. The paper has analyzed that the shear and bending moment in the middle of the shaft is the largest. The fillet near shoulder of balance bearing of the spindle is dangerous part. In order to reduce principal stress of universal spindle caused by moment, the paper improved balance mode of the spindle. The equilibrant was applied from in one place of shaft to put in two places. After optimizing, equivalent stress of the spindle is slight smaller than before under the same loading condition, which illustrates that the strength of the spindle is appropriately improved. Although the effect is not obvious, this has played a guiding role for the optimization of balance mode of universal spindle.
The Research on Analysis and Test Technology of Automobile Gearbox Assembly Process
Authors: Zhou Er Min , Shi Xiao Fei , Pan Lei
Published: April 2014

With the continuous deepening of the assembly process of automobile, the analysis and test technology of the production system become more important. According to a transmission company automobile speed changer production enterprise assembly process as the object, established the assembly process model, analyzed the bottleneck, imbalance, logistics transport not smooth and so on of the assembly line. Increase the production capacity of production system through analyzing and testing the model.
Pattern and Direction Based Smoothing Methods for Surfaces Modeling of Integral Impeller
Authors: Zhao Jun , Song Lin Wu
Published: April 2014

Integral impeller is a key part of engine, and its 3D modeling of the blade is difficult in the impeller design, which is also an important factor that affects engine performance. Aimed at improving the poorer quality of blade surface machined by five-axis NC machining center, the smoothing methods in which curves and surfaces are accordingly divided into different pattern and direction are presented on the basis of UG. Smoothing results of the surface modeling and the quality of integral impeller blade in actual machining are increased significantly. The experiment shows that the method is convenient and effective to improve blade surface quality and meet the demand of practical engineering.
Research of Wind Velocity Field of the Loading Area in Case of Empty Refrigerated Compartment of the Single Temperature Zone Refrigerator Transportation Vehicle
Authors: Wang Jia Min , Ding Zhao Lei , Huang Chuan Zhen , Jiang Zhao Liang
Published: April 2014

An automatic test system of airflow performance in refrigerator transportation vehicle is proposed and constructed. The wind velocity field of loading area of empty refrigerated compartment is test in this research. The distribution characteristics of the tri-dimensional wind velocity field are analyzed. The plenty vortex areas in the back part of the recurvature area of the refrigerated compartment is beneficial to the uniformity of the temperature field, the flow fields of the loading area are obviously influenced by vortex areas and the face that the area below the return air inlet is most probably one of the temperature blind angles are concluded.
Simulation Research on Rolling Element Bearing Feature Extraction Based on Recursive Least-Squares Lattice-Ladder Algorithms
Authors: Zhu Jie Ping , Zhang Yong Xiang , Zhang Shuai , Wang Xiao Lin
Published: April 2014

In order to extract the weak fault information from complicated vibration signal of rolling element bearing, the Recursive Least-Squares (RLS) Lattice-Ladder Algorithms is introduced into the field of rolling bearing feature extraction. An adaptive feature extraction method is proposed. The RLS Lattice-Ladder algorithms and its adaptive filter property in the process of feature extraction were discussed. The rolling bearing vibration signal was refined by the RLS Lattice-Ladder filter method, and the refined vibration signal was demodulated by square envelope, then the rolling bearing’s characteristic fault frequency was identified by enveloped normalized amplitude-frequency spectrum. Simulation results show that compared with the LMS filter method, this method can identify fault frequency more quickly and more effectively.
Comparison of Suppression Cavitations Schemes within Hydraulic Valve
Authors: Yang Lu Hong , Liu Shun An , Chen Yan Li , Zhou Xu Hui , Wang Chun Xue , Yao Yong Ming , Liu Jia Lin
Published: April 2014

Four kinds of cavitations suppression schemes on the basis of cavitations theory of control valve were designed in this paper. The fluid dynamic characteristics parameters under the above schemes was obtained by using RNG k-ε turbulence model respectively, which is composed with the velocity vector of internal fluid, pressure and cavitations distribution contours of numerical simulation. The results show that the design of straight-through porous structure has a lot of advantages compared with other structures in terms of its good fluid dynamic characteristics that fluid flow is uniformly in the valve cartridge, the loss of pressure is lower, the impaction in expansion cartridge is smaller and impact noise of it can be reduced. Therefore, the straight-through porous structure could suppress the initiation and development of the cavitations.
Investigation into the Polishing of Stainless Steel Using Sisal Wheels
Authors: Tevinpibanphan P. , Prombanpong S. , Tangwarodomnukun Viboon
Published: April 2014

A polishing process is generally used for improving work surface quality through the abrasive machining scheme. In this study, a stainless steel cookware was polished by using a sisal wheel and its surface roughness was examined. A comparison of three different sisal wheels was initially made to evaluate their performance in terms of capability to achieve the required surface finish against the processing time. The polishing force, time and velocity were the three main parameters, taken into consideration in this study. The optimum condition of 61 m/s, 15 seconds and 65 N for polishing velocity, time and force was suggested, respectively. After implementing the optimum condition and comparing to the current setting, the processing time can be reduced by half.
Effect of Process Parameters on Surface Roughness in the Cloth Wheel Polishing of Stainless Steel
Authors: Sonthimool S. , Prombanpong S. , Tangwarodomnukun Viboon
Published: April 2014

This paper aims at studying the effect of polishing parameters on surface roughness by using the cloth wheel polishing process. Stainless steel was used as a specimen in this study. The investigation firstly accounted for the comparison between two polishing compounds, and the best one was used to be applied in a set of experiment. The effect of spindle speed, current and polishing time on the surface roughness of stainless steel was examined, and the results showed that polishing time and current played the significant role in degree of roughness. The optimum condition under the range of parameters considered in this work was determined, whose surface roughness was about 0.0466 μm.
Effects of Flap Wheel Grinding Parameters on Surface Roughness for Stainless Steel
Authors: Somgumnerd Jirayu , Tangwarodomnukun Viboon , Prombanpong Suksan
Published: April 2014

The polishing process plays an important role in the stainless steel cookware since an appearance is one of the prime quality criterions of the product. Typically, there are three sequential steps in the polishing process using abrasive flap wheel, sisal and cloth respectively. The abrasive flap wheel is the first step in the process which aims to rapidly create fine surface finish on the product. Thus, the selection of appropriate flap wheel as well as operating conditions in order to achieve surface finish within the required cycle time i.e. 12 seconds are the key success factor. Therefore, the experimental design is conducted and analyzed. It is found that there are four factors which influence the surface roughness: grits size of flap wheel, polishing time, velocity, and force. It can also be concluded from the analysis that the roughness is directly proportional to grit size and force but it is inversely proportional to velocity. In addition, the optimal condition for the case study can also be obtained.
Experimental Investigation on Axially Loaded PFRP Compression Members Having Double C-Sections
Authors: Seangatith Sittichai , Thumrongvut Jaksada , Chatwiwat Chanon
Published: April 2014

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on axially loaded PFRP compression members having double C-sections with pinned-pinned supports. The objectives of this research work are to investigate their structural behaviors and modes of failure and to propose their design equations. The specimens were built from single PFRP C-section, having three cross-sectional dimensions of 76×22×6 mm, 102×29×6 mm and 152×43×10 mm. A total of 42 specimens with slenderness ratios ranging from 21 to 168 were tested. The compression members can be classified as short and long. The short compression members have linear behavior up to 90% to 95% of the ultimate crushing loads. The long compression members have linear behavior up to 80-90% of the flexural buckling loads. By comparing and fitting the test results with the design equations as presented in the ASCE Structural Plastics Design Manual, the design equations that can be used to predict the ultimate compressive stress of the compression members were proposed.
Modeling and Simulation of Railway Vehicle Using ADAMS/Rail
Authors: Abdullah W.Mohd Zailimi  Wan , Jamaluddin Hishamuddin , Harun Mohd Hanif , Rahman R.A. , Hudha K.
Published: April 2014

The aim of this paper is to develop computer simulation model of railway vehicle using multibody system (MBS) package. ADAMS/Rail was used in modeling and simulating complex realistic railway vehicle system to study their dynamics response to curve and straight track inputs. The Malaya Railway Limited or Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) railway vehicle is used as reference model to develop computer simulation model in ADAMS/rail. Curve track input was based on KTMB rail network with maximum curve radius of 1000 m. Straight track input with random vertical irregularity was applied to the 1000 m track to evaluate the vehicle behavior response to track vertical roughness. The results show the roll angle, lateral and vertical acceleration of the carbody was increases with the increases of vehicle speed.