bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relación de la caries dental y el índice de masa corporal en población infantil
Authors: Aldana Salguero Jennifer Elizabeth , Silva Menjívar Ana Elizabeth
Published: July 2022

Introducción. La nutrición y salud bucal son temas de interés en salud pública por su alto impacto en el bienestar y desarrollo de las personas. Existe una alta prevalencia e incidencia de caries y malnutrición en los primeros años de vida. Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el índice de caries en dentición primaria y permanente e índice de masa corporal en niños de 5 a 11 años en las Unidades de Salud de San Miguel Tepezontes y Panchimalco en el año 2019.Metodología. Investigación cuantitativa con una muestra de 265 niños de 5 a 11 años. Se evaluó el índice de masa corporal y el índice de caries; se hizo un análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial, realizando la prueba estadística de correlación de Spearman. Resultados. Se encontró que el índice de caries es de 2,11 en dentición permanente con una prevalencia de 70,5 % y el índice de caries de 7,02 en dentición primaria con una prevalencia de un 94,98 %. El coeficiente de correlación de Spearman entre índice de masa corporal e índice de caries en dentición permanente fue de 0,226, que indica una correlación positiva baja y el índice de masa corporal e índice de caries en dentición primaria fue - 0,158, que indica una correlación negativa muy baja. Conclusión. Existe relación entre el índice de caries en ambas denticiones y el índice de masa corporal.
ANÁLISE DOS IMPACTOS DA EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA EM COMUNIDADES A PARTIR DE UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO GUARAGUAÇU, EM PONTAL DO PARANÁ-PR
Authors: Haliski Antonio Marcio , Ribeiro Cristiane Santos , Gomes Jéssica Aline de Quadros
Published: July 2022

O presente trabalho resulta da sistematização da experiência do Projeto de pesquisa-extensão Guaraguaçú Caiçara, realizado entre os anos de 2017 a 2019 na Comunidade do Guaraguaçú, localizada em Pontal do Paraná- PR. O Projeto fez parte de outro vinculado à Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa – UEPG, denominado Das Territorialidades Tradicionais às Territorializações da Agroecologia, saberes, práticas e políticas de natureza em três comunidades rurais paranaenses: Faxinal Sete Saltos de Baixo, comunidade remanescente de quilombolas do Palmital dos Pretos e a Comunidade do Guaraguaçú. Estaremos analisando apenas o último, tendo em vista que foi desenvolvido em parceria com o Instituto Federal do Paraná-Paranaguá e por se vincular ao curso de Ciências Sociais e ao Programa de Mestrado em Ciência Tecnologia e Sociedade (PPGCTS), desta instituição. Através do Projeto realizamos trocas de experiências entre acadêmicos e a comunidade local. No projeto utilizamos a metodologia da pesquisa-ação, onde se busca identificar os problemas existentes na comunidade, participando ativamente na resolução dos mesmos. Como resultado obteve a criação de um selo comunitário que indicaria pertencimento ao projeto, a exploração da potencialidade do turismo local, criação de um mapa turístico da comunidade, desenvolvimento de técnicas de agroecologia e a reativação da associação de moradores do Guaraguaçú. Neste texto, focaremos especificamente na análise da percepção dos envolvidos no projeto e sua avaliação sobre o mesmo, tendo como base os resultados alcançados.Palavras-chave: desenvolvimento local; educação, diálogo de saberes.
Determinants for Utilization of Alcohol Use Screening Tool by Nurses at Mathari Hospital, Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors:   Kenyatta University, Mwangi Pius , Onsongo Lister ,   Kenyatta University, Mwenda Catherine ,   South Eastern Kenya University
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate determinants for utilization of alcohol use screening tools by nurses at Mathari Hospital. The study employed analytical cross sectional study design. Participants were practising nurses deployed at Mathari Hospital. 159 respondents formed the sample size. The study utilised simple random sampling. The average age for most nurses was 42 (±10.6) years, had 18 (±10.6) years’ experience in nursing profession, had 10 (±8.1) years’ experience in mental health and psychiatry nursing. Majority (98.1%, 156) of the nurses had cared for a patient with potentially harmful alcohol use and initiated screening for alcohol use on the patient (56.6%, 90). The findings revealed that majority of the nurses were female (76.1%), Christians (97.5%), diploma holders (47.8%), aged was 42 years, 18 years’ experience in nursing profession, and 10 years’ experience in mental health and psychiatry nursing. In addition, education level of nurses was positively and significantly (r=0.164, p=0.039) related with utilization of SBIRT screening tool. The respondents highlighted the following as key enabling factors: Management support (52.8%), motivation (51.6%), Champion (44.7%) and training (44.7%). Management support was positively and significantly (r=0.322, p=0.000) related with utilization of SBIRT screening tool. Identified barriers to utilization of the SBIRT screening tool were nurses’ own alcohol use (44%), competency gaps (32.7%) and lack of knowledge (49.7%). Nurse’s characteristics had a positive and significant influence on the utilization of alcohol use screening tool (β = 0.612, p= 0.000) at 95% confidence interval. Enabling factors had a positive and significant influence on utilization of alcohol use screening tool (β = 0.226, P= 0.061) at 90% confidence interval. Barriers had a negative and significant influence on utilization of alcohol use screening tool (β = -0.261, P= 0.065) at 95% confidence interval. The adjusted R squared (0.243) revealed that jointly, nurses’ characteristics, enabling factors and barriers explain 24.3% of variations in the utilization of alcohol use screening tool. Enabling factors were observed to have a positive and significant relationship with utilization of alcohol use screening tool (r=0.359, P=0.000) at 99% confidence interval. Barriers have a negative and significant relationship with utilization of alcohol use screening tool (r= -0.132, P=0.097) at 95% confidence interval. The three determinants (nurses’ characteristics, enabling factors, and barriers) only explained eighteen percent of changes in utilization of SBIRT suggesting the existence of other factors that may account for changes in utilization of the screening tool. Keywords: Screening tool, alcohol use, SBIRT, barriers, enabling factors, nurse’s characteristics
Trombosis aguda de vena mesentérica inferior. Presentación de caso
Authors: Luque Cala Carolina , Villarreal Ibáñez Erick Daniel , Ortega Apráez Valeria
Published: July 2022

La trombosis venosa mesentérica (TVM) representa el 5 %-15 % de las isquemias mesentéricas. Es una patología infrecuente y puede ocurrir de manera espontánea o en su mayoría estar relacionada con factores predisponentes protrombóticos. Tiene un abordaje diagnóstico complicado por su inespecificidad clínica y baja prevalencia, lo cual disminuye su sospecha; sin embargo, es de suma importancia reconocer esta patología en el contexto de un abdomen agudo por su alta mortalidad. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante la angiotomografía computarizada (ATC) y su desenlace estará determinado por un rápido diagnóstico y un tratamiento efectivo. La localización de un trombo en la vena mesentérica inferior (VMI) es muy infrecuente. Este hecho motiva la presentación de este caso, un paciente masculino, adulto mayor, con antecedente de alcoholismo, cardiopatía dilatada fibrilación auricular en manejo con anticoagulante, quien presenta signos de irritación peritoneal y hallazgo imagenológico de trombosis en distintas ramas de las venas mesentéricas.
The Triple Logic of Common Prosperity of Spiritual Life in the New Era
Authors: Han Mengying
Published: July 2022

The goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects has been achieved with the great victory in the final battle against poverty, and "solid progress towards common prosperity" has become a new requirement for development. The realization of the goal of common prosperity implies the common prosperity of material life and spiritual life. Stepping into the new era, we should pay more attention to the abundance of spiritual life on the basis of meeting people's basic material needs. The theoretical interpretation of the common prosperity of spiritual life in the new era from the subject logic, value logic and practice logic can not only grasp the theoretical origin of the common prosperity of spiritual life, explore the value significance, but also provide method guidance for the practice of the common prosperity of spiritual life in the new era. In the traditional culture "two innovation", socialist core values and the construction of public cultural infrastructure to help achieve common prosperity of spiritual life.
Translation Strategies of Culture-Specific Items and Cultural Identity: A Case Study on William A. Lyell’s Translation of “Diary of a Madman”
Authors: Tang Yijia
Published: July 2022

Since the cultural turn in translation studies was proposed, researchers have focused on the cultural elements in the translation. How to construct cultural identity needs to be taken into consideration. Meanwhile, culture-specific items (hereafter, CSIs) are one of the most difficult issues for translators, especially in literary translation. Researchers have put forward different translation strategies to solve the problems of CSIs and explored the use of those strategies in specific textual materials. This work probed the strategies employed in the translation of CSIs in William A. Lyell’s English version of “Diary of a Madman” based on Aixelá’s model and their effect on the construction of Chinese cultural identity. The results demonstrated that the most frequent strategy was linguistic (non-cultural) translation, followed by absolute universalization. In addition, conservation methods were more helpful in constructing cultural identity than substitution approaches.
Research on the Integration of Innovation Elements into the Digital Transformation of Higher Vocational Specialty under the Background of Digital Economy
Authors: Mo Qianqian
Published: July 2022

Innovation’is a key word in the digital economy era. In recent years, innovation elements have become an important content of innovation theory research. Professional digital transformation is an innovative development activity of higher vocational colleges, which will inevitably integrate innovative elements and play its role. The digital transformation of specialty also reflects the requirement that specialty ADAPTS to the integrated development of industry. On the macro level, this paper explores the necessity and feasibility of digital transformation from the top-level design and group logic of professional groups. On the micro level, it studies the effective ways of professional digital transformation from the aspects of the revision of professional talent training scheme, curriculum system reform, teaching mode innovation, teacher team construction and so on.
«L’UOMO INTERO […] DELLA VITA REALE» E LE SUE LINGUE
Authors: Covino Sandra
Published: July 2022

Il contributo riflette sull’acquisizione di livelli avanzati di italiano L2 come presupposto per la piena integrazione e realizzazione del migrante nella comunità di approdo, con particolare riferimento agli ambiti della scuola, del lavoro e dell’espressione artistico-creativa. Il conseguimento di tali obiettivi sarà favorito dalla “svolta plurale”, ovvero da una maggiore consapevolezza e apertura del sistema educativo italiano verso approcci didattici innovativi, che considerino le lingue e le culture di origine dei discenti con background migratorio come risorse e non come ostacoli all’apprendimento.

 

“The whole man [...] of real life” and his languages

The contribution reflects on the acquisition of advanced levels of Italian L2 as a prerequisite for the full integration and realization of the migrant in the host community, with particular reference to the areas of school, work and artistic-creative expression. The achievement of these objectives will be favored by the “plural turn”, that is, by a greater awareness and openness of the Italian educational system towards innovative didactic approaches, which consider the languages and cultures of origin of learners with migrant backgrounds as resources and not as obstacles to learning.
CHI FA CHE? STEREOTIPI DI GENERE NELLE IMMAGINI DEI LIBRI DI TESTO DI ITALIANO COME LINGUA STRANIERA
Authors: Frabotta Simona
Published: July 2022

Nei libri di testo di lingua straniera, accanto alla componente linguistica e testuale, troviamo elementi iconici altrettanto rilevanti per l'apprendimento e la trasmissione del sapere, modelli culturali e umani. Le istituzioni educative e le organizzazioni internazionali raccomandano che le immagini dei libri di testo siano sensibili alla dimensione di genere e offrano una rappresentazione equa, con modelli vari e non stereotipati di uomini e donne. Tuttavia, gli studi precedenti volti a verificare la qualità delle immagini dei libri di testo in diversi contesti educativi hanno quasi unanimemente individuato una tendenza verso una rappresentazione ancora piuttosto tradizionale e rigida dei ruoli di genere.Lo scopo del presente studio è quello di analizzare le immagini presenti in 9 libri di testo di italiano come lingua straniera per verificare il trattamento delle immagini delle figure maschili e femminili, attraverso una serie di indici che identificano il campo d'azione e le attività svolte dai personaggi rappresentati nelle immagini. I risultati ottenuti mostrano che la rappresentazione dei diversi generi nei manuali analizzati risponde a modelli stereotipati: le donne sono più frequentemente rappresentate nella sfera domestica o in lavori storicamente femminilizzati, mentre gli uomini appaiono maggiormente nel contesto lavorativo, associati a professioni che godono di maggiore riconoscimento sociale.

 

Who does what? Gender stereotypes in Italian FL textbook images

In foreign language textbooks, alongside the linguistic and textual components, we find iconic elements equally relevant to learning and the transmission of knowledge, cultural and human models. Educational institutions and international organizations recommend that textbook images be gender-sensitive and offer a fair representation, with varied, non-stereotypical models of men and women. However, previous studies aimed at verifying the quality of textbook images in different educational contexts have almost unanimously identified a tendency towards a still rather traditional and rigid representation of gender roles. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the images present in 9 textbooks of Italian as a foreign language in order to verify the treatment of the images of male and female figures through a series of indices that identify the field of action and the activities performed by the characters represented in the images. The results obtained show that the representation of the different genders in the textbooks analyzed responds to stereotypical models: women are more frequently represented in the domestic sphere or in historically feminized jobs, while men appear more in the work context, associated with professions that enjoy greater social recognition.
Is Advertising a Social Determinant of Health—You Bet!
Authors: Herbert-Magee Shantel
Published: July 2022

As a 1980s child growing up in a drug-infested housing project, mass advertising by hospitals and insurance companies had no bearing on my community. On the airwaves, private hospitals promoted state-of-the-art facilities and rehabilitation centers.  TV commercials touted porcelain, well-heeled, young couples bringing rustic floral arrangements to smiling elders in cozy post-surgical suites. These private hospital ads targeted middle and upper class, picket-fence, insured America. Poor folks were not their goal. We were not stakeholders in the eyes of competing hospitals.  Instead of rustic flowers, we saw dilapidated placards and billboards that advertised cigarettes, malt-liquor, and funeral homes.
Concern of Modernization and the Mission of Higher Education
Authors: Lei Tianming , Xiao Chao
Published: July 2022

While the modernization movement has led to profound changes in politics, economy and culture around the world, human development is also facing unprecedented difficulties. The concern about modernization puts forward the value for modernization orientation of the times. Higher education must transcend the realistic culture with instrumental rationality as the core, and the most fundamental must be first. Only by transcending its own narrowness and constructing the educational philosophy view of the integration of science education and humanities education, can it give full play to its cultural criticism and literature. With the function of creation, it undertakes the historical mission of value orientation for modernization.
A Study on Topicalization and Focalization in the Zanjani Dialect
Authors: Adrang Danial , Maleki Ataollah
Published: July 2022

Topicalization and focalization are syntactic issues studied in a variety of languages. Topicalization is defined as the proposing of a constituent to the beginning of the sentence. It has the old information and the rest of the sentence is about it. Focalization, on the other hand, is a process in which a constituent may stay put in its canonical position represented by a relativizer or may be preposed, but bearing the new information. To study these issues, we studied the Zanjani dialect, an offshoot of the Azeri language.  We analyzed sentences in a number of film scripts and found that the minimal program may not be able to deal with these issues in this dialect, and that information structure theories may be used to consider topicalization and focalization in this dialect.
Ikastaro-txantiloia: Moodle plataforman irakasleen lana errazteko baliabidea
Authors: Ezeiza Juan
Published: July 2022

Moodle software askeko Ikaskuntza Kudeatzeko Sistema (Learning Management System - LMS) hedatuena da. Kode irekiko plataforma hain malgua da eta hainbeste aukera ematen ditu ezen sakontasunez erabiltzeko denbora luzea eta dedikazio handia eskatzen baititu. Txantiloi batek Moodle-rekin esperientzia mugatua edo bat ere esperientziarik ez duen irakaslearen lana erraztuko al luke? Horixe izan zen HABEren eskaera: txantiloi baten bidez irakasleen lana erraztea. Artikulu honetan erronka horri erantzuteko lana nola garatu den azalduko da. Ikasten esparru jakinerako egindako lana bada ere, Moodle oinarri duen edozeinetan aplikagarria izan daiteke, kasuan kasuko egokitzapenak eginda.
Julia Kratowska (1870–1947) – działaczka niepodległościowa, oświatowa i polityczna, senator RP
Authors: Umińska Bogumiła
Published: July 2022

Artykuł przybliża postać pochodzącej z Puław, z rodziny o tradycjach patriotycznych, Julii Kratowskiej, działaczki niepodległościowej, oświatowej, społecznej i politycznej, przez cały okres międzywojenny i na krótko po wojnie związanej z Ciechanowem. Wprowadza w jej genealogię, pozwala poznać nieznane dotąd jej korzenie. Natomiast bogaty materiał archiwalny dotyczący jej postaci, znajdujący się w zbiorach archiwalnych Muzeum Szlachty Mazowieckiej w Ciechanowie, umożliwia zaprezentowanie jej całej drogi pracy zawodowej jako nauczycielki języka polskiego, francuskiego i niemieckiego, począwszy od Lublina, potem Zakopanego i wreszcie miasta nad Łydynią. Poznajemy ją także jako oddaną działaczkę społeczną Związku Pracy Obywatelskiej Kobiet, któremu przewodniczyła w Ciechanowie, a w latach 1935–1936 stała na czele Zarządu Głównego. Największą chlubę przyniosła miastu jako senator RP w latach 1935–1938.
Protokoły posiedzeń Rady Gminnej gminy Obryte z lat 1931–1933
Authors: Wiśniewski Krzysztof
Published: July 2022

Artykuł jest publikacją źródłową poświęconą posiedzeniom Rady Gminy Obryte na Mazowszu w latach 1931–1933. To jedne z nielicznych, ocalałych z wojennej zawieruchy dokumentów ilustrujących działalność organów kolegialnych lokalnych samorządów, szczególnie tych działających na terenach wiejskich. Jest to cenne źródło do badania życia społecznego na obszarach wiejskich Mazowsza w okresie międzywojennym.
Research of Approaches to the Treatment of Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Asadulaeva Zalina , Asadulaev Asadula
Published: July 2022

The article investigates approaches to the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the
main chronic kidney diseases, this disease is diagnosed in patients of any age. At the present stage, there is no universal
treatment for this condition. NS therapy currently includes angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor
blockers, monoclonal antibodies, steroids and immunosuppressants. Steroids continue to be the initial approach to the
treatment of patients with NS and are considered the basis of therapy. In this regard, it is necessary to consider various
innovative approaches to the treatment of this disease in order to increase the effectiveness of NS therapy.
Innovative Therapeutic Methods for the Treatment of Liver Diseases
Authors: Ilyasova Jayna , Israpilov Kurban
Published: July 2022

The article investigates innovative therapeutic methods for the treatment of liver diseases. The author notes that liver
diseases represent a serious burden on health worldwide and they are recognized as the leading cause of mortality
and morbidity in the world. In this regard, specialists are constantly searching for innovative methods in the field of
treatment and maintenance therapy for liver diseases. Such methods include, for example, mass medical examination of
patients at risk, early diagnosis of liver diseases on ultra-precise medical equipment, gene therapy, etc.
Pyrite with lower cubic symmetry from Lavrion, Greece
Authors: ŽORŽ Mirjan , VOUDOURIS Panagiotis , RIECK Branko
Published: July 2022

In this study, we examined the morphological, chemical, and structural details of tetrahedral pyrite crystals from the Jean Baptiste mine in Lavrion, Greece. Pyrite occurs in three generations. Tetrahedral crystals of the first generation are left- or right-handed with the lowest cubic 23 symmetry. In this generation, there are twins with higher cubic m_3 and hexagonal 6 symmetry. All crystals of the second generation are primarily interpenetrated into twins with a cubic _4m3 symmetry. Some, however, continue to twin up to crystals with the highest cubic m_3m and hexagonal 6mm symmetry. Third-generation crystals overgrow second-generation crystals in a non-oriented manner. Chemical analysis confirms chemically pure pyrite, and single-crystal X-ray analysis of the first- and the second-generation crystals confirms the pyrite-specific m__3 symmetry. The morphology of the single crystals and twins indicates that first generation of single pyrite crystals should have the lowest cubic 23 symmetry, which is not confirmed by the structural analysis. This discrepancy may be due to changed pT conditions and the consequent transformation of the original pyrite structure with symmetry 23 into a secondary structure with m__3 symmetry, or to suboptimal conditions in determining the structure by X-ray diffraction.
Comparison of mapping efficiency for small datasets using inverse distance weighting vs. moving average, Northern Croatia Miocene hydrocarbon reservoir
Authors: VŠINOVIĆ Josip , MALVIĆ Tomislav
Published: July 2022

Mapping of geological variables in the Croatian part of the Pannonian Basin System (CPBS) is mostly based on small input datasets. In the case of the analyzed hydrocarbon field "B", reservoir "K", due to the complex geological structure and pronounced tectonics, the interpretations are restricted on several blocks, where each has very limited dataset. The porosity (19 data) and permeability (18 data) variables were analyzed. The applied interpolation methods are the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) and the Moving Average (MA). They were compared and analyzed by visual inspection of the obtained maps, comparison of mathematical background and by calculation of cross-validation (CV). The cross-validation value for the porosity of the "K" reservoir in the case of IDW application is 0.0011, and in the case of MA 0.0010; while in the case of permeability the IDW is 480.84, and in the case of MA 1346.41. According to the visual review of maps, the values of descriptive statistics of estimated values and the results of cross-validation, the IDW method is recommended for mapping the porosity and permeability of reservoirs blocks in the Sava Depression.
A Review of Studies on EFL Teachers’ and Students’ Perceptions of Tranglanguaging as a Pedagogical Approach
Authors: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Tran
Published: July 2022

Translanguaging has emerged as an adjustment to English as the medium of instruction programs, which challenges the traditional monolingual approach to language teaching. This paper aims to provide insights into the perceptions of EFL teachers and students toward translanguaging as a pedagogical approach through making a systematic review of the findings of five recent empirical studies. The analysis of those secondary sources shows that the majority of EFL teachers and students hold positive attitudes toward translanguaging activities in EMI classrooms. Additionally, most of the teachers reported a need for training on planning and deploying translanguaging practice in the EMI classroom setting. Future research focusing on strategic uses of translanguaging pedagogy and their explicit instructions for EFL teachers and students is recommended as a result of the findings’ interpretation.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Melalui Kegiatan Penyuluhan Kesehatan Tentang Hipertensi Pada Masyarakat Risiko Tinggi Di Desa Tandowatu
Authors: Saparina Titi , Marhanto Eka Dharma Putra , Risky Sartini , Tekaka Uung Umertum , Nurhaliba Amelia Putri , Amalia Yulnaningsih , Nedila Sirma, Asri , Halim Halim
Published: July 2022

Penyakit hipertensi sekarang ini merupakan salah satu penyakit yang tidak menular namun merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang sangat serius saat ini.apabila hipertensi yang tidak terkontrol maka memiliki peluang 7 kali lebih besar untuk terkenal penyakit stroke, 6 kali lebih besar mengalami penyakit jantung kongestif, dan 3 kali lebih besar terkenal penyakit serangan jantung. Data Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Konawe menyatakan hipertensi berada pada urutan ke 4 dari 10 besar penyakit. Prevalensi penyakit hipertensi di Kabupaten Konawe pada tahun 2018 mencapai 4.399 (100%). Selama 5 (lima) tahun terakhir kasus hipertensi terjadi peningkatan khususnya dalam penanganan penderita hipertensi. Desa Tondowatu  memiliki jumlah penduduk 435 jiwa tahun 2021. Dengan jumlah kepala keluarga yakni berjumlah 116 Kepala Keluarga. Puskesmas Morosi  merupakan salah satu puskesmas di kabupaten Konawe.  Data puskesmas Morosi, hipertensi masuk kedalam sepuluh besar penyakit Utama Yang banyak  Diderita Oleh Masyarakat Desa  Tondowatu. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan penyuluhan dalam rangka peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat desa tondowatu khususnya pada masyarakat risiko tinggi terkait penyakit hipertensi yakni penyuluhan kesehatan dan menanam tanaman obat keluarga. Adapun hasil Pretest dan Post Test penyuluhan hipertensi yakni Berdasarkan kuesioner yang diberikan oleh Tim Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Kesasaran diperoleh Hasil Pre-Test adalah 31.85 %, dari hasil ini dapat diperoleh informasi bahwa pengetahuan sasaran dalam hal ini masyarakat risiko tinggi terkait penyakit hipertensi tergolong dalam kategori masih kurang. Dan setelah dilakukan intervensi berupa kegiatan penyuluhan tentang bahaya dan pencegahan hipertensi Hasil yang diperoleh dari Post-Test adalah 100 %. Dari hasil Post-Test terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan sasaran setelah diberikan penyuluhan sebesar 17.5 % dari 31.85 % menjadi 100 % yang tergolong dalam kategori sangat baik
PKM Peningkatan Kepedulian PHBS Masyarakat Desa Mendikonu Melalui Pembuatan TPS Percontohan, Pembuatan Kebun Toga dan Pemeriksaan Kesehatan
Authors: Gerung Jumartin , Rino La , Anggraeni Putri , Oktaviana Eka
Published: July 2022

Permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat di Desa Mendikonu Kecamatan Morosi tidak lepas dari wilayah desa yang terletak di area aktivitas pertambangan. Sejumlah masalah kesehatan masyarakat bersumber dari perilaku sehat masyarakat serta pengarus system social budaya yang menjadi tata nilai dan kepercayaan masyarakat setempat. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan PKM ini tidak lepas dari tujuan pelaksanaan kuliah kerja nyata yakni selain melakukan pendataan dan mendiagnosa masalah kesehatan masyarakat, juga memberikan pengalaman mahasiswa dalam mengurai dan mendiagnosa masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Untuk menentukan prioritas masalah digunakan metode CARL. Penentuan prioritas masalah ini merupakan proses yang dilakukan oleh sekelompok orang dengan menggunakan metode tertentu untuk menentukan masalah dari yang paling penting sampai yang kurang penting. Berdasarkan data dan observasi yang dilakukan maka ditemukan sejumlah masalah yakni masalah sampah, pembuatan kebun TOGA berbasis tanaman local serta pemeriksaan kesehatan pada masyarakat. Dari kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa skala kepedulian masyarakat terhadap masalah sampah masih kurang, sehingga perlu untuk membuat TPS percontohan. Selain itu, tanaman local yang pada dasarnya bermanfaat bagi kesehatan perlu dilestarikan dengan pembuatan kebun TOGA percontohan. Di sisi lain, untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk rutin memeriksakan kesehatan perlu dilakukan agar langkah preventif dan kuratif dapat dilakukan sejak dini.
Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risk of positive qSOFA score but not with increased ICU admission in patients undergoing ureteral stent placement for ureteral stone and suspected infection
Authors: Lee Jason , Kottooran Christina , Hinojosa-González David , Yaghoubian Alan , Uppuluri Nikkil , Hanson Kate , Borofsky Micheal , Eisner Brian
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Patients presenting with an obstructing ureteral stone and urinary tract infection (UTI) are at risk for severe infectious complications. Historically, diabetes mellitus (DM) was considered a risk factor for the development of septic shock in these patients. This study aims to evaluate DM’s impact on risk of septic shock in ureteral stent placement for ureteral stone and presumed UTI.
Methods: An institutional review board-approved retrospective review was performed at two institutions. All patients who met the following criteria from July 2016 to April 2020 were included in the study: emergency department visit with obstructing ureteral stone, concern for UTI, and ureteral stent placement. The primary outcome of interest was the development of postoperative septic shock defined by sepsis with hypotension requiring vasopressor support for at least one hour.
Results: The study cohort was made up of 187 patients. Median age was 61 (range 16–91). Males represented 40.1% (n=75) of the population, while DM was present in 26.2% (n=49). Thirty-five of 143 patients (18.7%) met the criteria for postoperative septic shock. qSOFA criteria were met by 11 (22.4%) patients with DM compared to 13 (9.5%) of patients without DM (p=0.026). This difference did not translate into significant differences in use of vasopressors, with DM cohorts requiring pressors in 11 (22.4%) and 241 (17.5%) in non-DM (p=0.523). Purulent urine was more frequently described in patients with DM (22 [44.9%] vs. 342 [4.8%], p=0.011). ICU admissions were similar between DM and non-DM, 13(27.1%) vs 29 (21.2%) respectively (p=0.543). ICU stay and length of stay were similar between cohorts.
Conclusions: In this multicenter study of patients who underwent ureteral stenting for ureteral stone and presumed UTI, DM was not associated with an increased risk of development of septic shock but was associated with an increased risk of positive qSOFA score.
Guidelines for Good Operational Practice
Authors:   Swiss Clinical Trial Organisation,   Data Management Platform of the SCTO,   Education Platform of the SCTO
Published: July 2022

The Guidelines for Good Operational Practice (GGOP) are a framework of common standards for professional and operati-onal practice in clinical research and are mainly used by the SCTO’s CTU Network, investigators, and sponsors. They are intended to guarantee participant safety and high-quality stan-dards and to ensure careful use of restricted academic budgets. These GGOP were included in the International Compilation of Human Research Standards (2021 edition), which was collated by the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (HHS).
İş Kazası ve Meslek Hastalığı Sonrası Mesleki Rehabilitasyon ve Mevzuat Altyapısının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KOÇAK Derya , ÇANKAYA Niyazi
Published: July 2022

İş kazası ve meslek hastalığı sonrası mesleki rehabilitasyon Türkiye’de mevzuatla desteklenmeyen dolayısıyla tam anlamıyla uygulaması olmayan bir hizmettir. Tıbbi, mesleki (vocational) ve sosyal rehabilitasyon olmak üzere üç aşamadan oluşan bu süreç, iş kazası ve meslek hastalığı sonrası kişilerin daha erken işe dönmelerini ve istihdamlarında sürdürülebilirliği sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye mevzuatında mesleki rehabilitasyon dar kapsamda engellilerin istihdamına yönelik olarak düzenlenmiştir. İş kazası ve meslek hastalığı sonrası uygulanacak mesleki rehabilitasyonun, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği sistemiyle birbirini tamamlayan süreçler olduğu dikkate alındığında tam anlamıyla koruyucu ve proaktif bir yaklaşım için gerekliliği anlaşılmaktadır. İşten erken ayrılmaların önüne geçmeyi de mümkün kılan mesleki rehabilitasyon çalışan, işveren ve devlet üçlüsünü koruyan bir sosyal politika aracıdır. Bu çalışma ile iş kazası ve meslek hastalığı sonrası mesleki rehabilitasyon süreci ve gerekliliği açıklanarak Türkiye mevzuat altyapısının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Socio-economic factors of changes in consumer behavior and strategies of trading companies in Japan
Authors: Timonina I. L.
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the structure and features of the retail trade sector in Japan, the current trends in the consumer behavior of the Japanese, which became noticeable at the end of the 20th century and especially after the global financial and economic crisis of 2008–2010 and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on empirical material, the author identifies the main directions of transformation of strategies of Japanese trade corporations under the conditions of economic instability and the formation of a new consumption model.

Trade as a sphere of entrepreneurial activity is represented in Japan by various types of trading enterprises and companies and corporate groups of very different sizes and organizational and legal status. The market leaders are universal trading companies (sogo shosha) and large network companies (Seven & I Holdings, Aeon, Fast Retailing, etc.), which finance and organize not only the circulation, but also the production of products (from the development and purchase of raw materials to production and processing, logistics, sales, and services). The groups include numerous affiliated companies-retail operators.

The characteristic features of the Japanese consumer have traditionally been the willingness to pay for quality, convenience, and service, a relatively low level of interest in cheaper goods, preference for the format of «physical» purchases, as well as the desire to buy expensive, exclusive things of luxury brands, which for many has become a sign of financial success and social status.

Among the most important modern factors affecting the scale and structure of consumer demand in Japan are the desire to reduce one’s expenses in the face of slowing economic growth and stagnating incomes, increase in the level of environmental awareness, changing lifestyle and leisure patterns. The most important factor determining the image of the modern Japanese consumer was the entry into the labor and consumption market of generations Y and Z, who increasingly rely not on owning, but on using things, which acts as a factor in reducing the scale of the consumer market.

In these conditions, trading companies modernize their strategies, including by entering into partnerships with national and foreign corporations in order to adapt to changing conditions and maintain competitiveness through modernization, diversification, and digitalization of business, reducing transaction costs based on the synergetic effect.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Uveitis Posterior
Authors: Wetarini Krisnhaliani , - Febyan , Mahayani Ni Made Widya
Published: July 2022

Uveitis merupakan proses peradangan uvea, yang meliputi iris, badan siliar, dan koroid. Secara anatomi, terdapat empat klasifikasi uveitis, yaitu uveitis anterior, uveitis intermediet, uveitis posterior, dan panuveitis. Uveitis posterior merupakan radang lapisan koroid dan struktur sekitarnya pada posterior mata. Kelainan ini langka, namun paling sering dikaitkan dengan komplikasi kebutaan. Diagnosis uveitis posterior membutuhkan pendekatan komprehensif karena bersifat kompleks dan multifaktorial. Penatalaksanaan yang tepat penting dan terutama untuk menemukan dan mengobati penyebab dasar agar dapat mencegah perburukan dan komplikasi yang lebih berat.

Uveitis is an inflammatory process in the uvea, consisted of iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Four anatomical types of uveitis include anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis and panuveitis. Posterior uveitis is the inflammation of the choroidal layer and surrounding structures in the posterior eye. This disorder is considered rare, but most commonly related to ocular complications, such as blindness. Diagnosis requires a comprehensive approach because of its complex and multifactorial nature. Appropriate management is important. Causal reatment can prevent the worsening and more severe complications.

 
Terapi Bifosfonat untuk Pasien Osteoporosis Pasca Menopause
Authors: Joenputri Noviana
Published: July 2022

Osteoporosis lebih sering pada wanita pasca menopause karena perubahan hormon yang menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan antara resorpsi dan pembentukan tulang. Osteoporosis dapat menyebabkan patah tulang yang akan berdampak meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Terapi saat ini bertujuan untuk mencegah patah tulang serta menjaga dan meningkatkan densitas mineral tulang. Bifosfonat merupakan obat yang paling sering digunakan untuk terapi osteoporosis pasca menopause. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) telah menyetujui 4 agen bifosfonat, yaitu alendronat, risedronat, ibandronat, dan asam zoledronat. Bifosfonat memiliki beberapa efek samping yang perlu diperhatikan akibat penggunaan jangka panjang. Kepatuhan pengobatan osteoporosis memiliki hubungan kuat dengan risiko patah tulang.

Osteoporosis is more common in post-menopausal women, as hormonal changes cause an imbalance between bone resorption and formation. Osteoporosis can cause fractures that may contribute to morbidity and mortality. Current therapies aim to prevent fractures, maintain and increase bone mineral density. Biphosphonates are the most widely used drugs for postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved 4 biphosphonate agents: alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, and zoledronic acid. Biphosphonates have several side effects that need to be considered due to long-term use. Compliance and adherence in the treatment of osteoporosis has a strong relationship to risk of fractures.
Iktiosis Vulgaris
Authors: Purnamasari Maretta Rosabella
Published: July 2022

Iktiosis vulgaris merupakan jenis iktiosis yang paling sering terjadi dan disebabkan oleh mutasi gen filaggrin (FLG). Manifestasi klinis khas berupa sisik yang menyisakan area fleksor, disertai hiperlinearitas palmoplantar, keratosis pilaris, dan kecenderungan memiliki penyakit penyerta alergi. Terapi simptomatis dengan prinsip menjaga hidrasi serta menghilangkan sisik. Penyakit ini membaik seiring bertambahnya usia dan pada musim panas serta keadaan lembap.

Ichthyosis vulgaris is the most common type of ichthyosis and is caused by mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG). Typical clinical manifestations are scales that typically spare the flexural area, accompanied by palmoplantar hyperlinearity, keratosis pilaris, and a tendency to have allergic disease. Treatment is symptomatic to maintain hydration and eliminate scales. The disease improves with age and in summer and humid conditions.

 
Manajemen Syok Kardiogenik pada Diseksi Aorta
Authors: Kurnia Putra Bagus Fitriadi , Aminuddin Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Pendahuluan: Diseksi aorta merupakan kegawat daruratan akibat robekan tunika intima aorta yang menyebabkan perdarahan ke dalam tunika media. Komplikasi syok terjadi pada lebih dari 20% kasus dan akan meningkatkan mortalitas. Kasus: Wanita 72 tahun dirujuk ke IGD dengan keluhan nyeri dada dan rasa tidak nyaman di perut dan punggung, disertai lemas, gelisah, dan klinis syok. Pada foto toraks didapatkan kesan aneurisma aorta. CT scan menunjukkan diseksi aorta asenden, arkus aorta, aorta desenden, aorta abdominalis, berlanjut sampai ke arteri iliaka eksterna, dan trombus di arkus aorta. Pasien dan keluarga menolak tindakan operasi; pasien diterapi secara konservatif.

Introduction: Aortic dissection is the result of aortic intima tear that leads to bleeding within the tunica media. Shock occurs in up to 20% patients and is associated with increased mortality. Case: A 72-year-old woman was referred to ED with chest pain and discomfort in the stomach and back, accompanied by weakness, anxiety, and clinical presentation of shock. Chest X-ray examination gave an impression of aortic aneurysm. CT scan showed dissection of the aorta ascendens, arcus aorta, aorta descendens, abdominal aorta, continues until the external iliac artery, and thrombus in the aortic arch. Patient and families reject surgical management; the patient was treated conservatively.

 
Tinjauan atas Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Generasi Baru
Authors: Cherub Jane
Published: July 2022

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) yang bekerja menghambat reseptor AngII-AT1 secara selektif direkomendasikan sebagai agen antihipertensi lini pertama. Saat ini terdapat 8 varian ARB di pasaran. Selain efek antagonisasinya terhadap AT1, ARB generasi baru memiliki mekanisme tambahan yang dapat menarget hipertensi, penyakit kardiovaskular, dan diabetes. ARB generasi baru juga memblokir reseptor endotelin, berfungsi sebagai donor oksida nitrat, menghambat aktivitas neprilysin dan meningkatkan kadar peptida natriuretik, atau merangsang peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma (PPARγ). ARB generasi baru dapat memiliki nilai klinis dan manfaat terapeutik lebih besar daripada hanya melalui penghambatan reseptor AT1.

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) works by selectively blocking AngII-AT1 receptors; it is recommended as a first-line antihypertensive agent. Currently there are 8 variants of ARB in the market. In addition to its AT1 antagonist effect, new generation of ARB can have additional mechanisms on hypertension, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. New generation ARBs also block endothelial receptors, as nitric oxide donors, inhibit neprilysin activity and increase levels of natriuretic peptides, or stimulate peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma receptors (PPARγ). New generation of ARBs can have considerable clinical value and provide greater therapeutic benefits.
Terapi Sifilis Terkini
Authors: Rinandari Ummi , Ellista Sari Endra Yustin
Published: July 2022

Sifilis adalah penyakit menular seksual yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Treponema pallidum. Penularan sifilis biasanya melalui kontak seksual dengan pasangan terinfeksi, kontak langsung dengan lesi terinfeksi, transfusi, dan jarum suntik. Sifilis dapat disembuhkan pada tahap awal infeksi, tetapi apabila tidak mendapat pengobatan adekuat dapat menjadi infeksi sistemik dan berlanjut ke fase laten. Pengobatan sifilis yang efisien sangat penting untuk mengontrol sifilis secara efektif.

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterial infection, Treponema pallidum. Transmission of syphilis is usually through sexual contact with an infected partner, direct contact with infected lesions, transfusions, and injection needles. Syphilis can be cured in the early stages of infection, but if it is not given adequate treatment it can become a systemic infection and progress to the latent phase. Efficient syphilis treatment is essential to control syphilis effectively.
Hubungan Kategori Level Xpert MTB/RIF dengan Waktu Konversi Kultur Sputum Pasien TB Resisten Obat (TB RO)
Authors: - Samuel , Apridasari Jatu , - Reviono , Sutanto Yusup Subagio , - Harsini
Published: July 2022

Penanganan TB yang tidak tepat dan tidak sesuai standar dapat menimbulkan masalah TB resisten obat (TB RO). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kategori level hasil Xpert MTB/RIF dengan waktu konversi kultur sputum pasien TB RO. Data berasal dari rekam medik mulai bulan September 2012 sampai dengan bulan Oktober 2015; didapatkan 198 pasien TB RO, 112 laki-laki (56,6%) dan 86 perempuan (43,4%).Usia rerata 38,87 ± 12,41 tahun. Seluruh pasien TB RO merupakan pasien TB paru dengan memiliki riwayat pengobatan OAT kategori 1. Hasil pemeriksaan Xpert MTB/RIF menunjukkan sebagian besar pasien TB RO berada pada kategori low (43,9%). Konversi kultur terbanyak pada minggu ke empat sampai ke delapan pengobatan sebesar 59,1%. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara kategori Xpert MTB/RIF dengan waktu konversi kultur sputum pasien TB RO (CI 95%, p = 0,572). Tidak ada korelasi bermakna antara kategori level gene X-pert dengan waktu konversi kultur sputum pasien TB RO (CI 95%, r = 0,061, p = 0,392).

Inadequate TB management can cause the emergence of drug resistant tuberculosis. This study is to determine the correlation between Xpert MTB/RIF levels category with sputum culture conversion time in drug resistant tuberculosis patients. This retrospective cohort study was conducted in PMDT clinic at Dr. Moewardi General Public Hospital, Surakarta from September 2012 until October 2015. The respondents were 198 drug resistant tuberculosis patients; 112 males (56.6%) and 86 females (43.4%), mean age 38.87 ± 12.41 years old. All were pulmonary TB patients with category 1 anti-TB treatment. The Xpert MTB/RIF levels were mostly low category (43.9%).Culture conversion showed that 59.1% had conversion between the fourth and eighth week of drug resistant tuberculosis treatment. No statistically significant difference between Xpert MTB/FIR level category and sputum culture conversion time (CI 95%, p = 0.572). No statistically significant correlation between Xpert MTB/RIF level category and sputum culture conversion time (CI 95%, r = 0.061, p = 0.392).
Manajemen Laktasi di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Felicia Fabiola Vania
Published: July 2022

Pandemi infeksi severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) sudah terbukti dapat menyerang seluruh kelompok masyarakat termasuk ibu hamil dan neonatus. Angka kejadian anak di bawah usia 10 tahun <1% kasus. Neonatus dengan coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) kebanyakan asimtomatik atau klinis ringan. Hingga saat ini, risiko transmisi infeksi SARS-CoV-2 melalui air susu ibu (ASI) masih belum jelas dan belum dapat disingkirkan. Hal ini menyebabkan munculnya keraguan terhadap praktik pemberian ASI. WHO merekomendasikan ibu suspek atau terkonfirmasi COVID-19 untuk tetap menyusui. Manfaat ASI dibandingkan dengan potensi risiko infeksi COVID-19 pada neonatus perlu diketahui, sehingga dapat mendukung berlangsungnya praktik menyusui di masa pandemi ini.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection pandemic has affected all populations including pregnant women and neonates. Clinical features of neonates with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are generally mild or asymptomatic. Cases of COVID-19 in children younger than 10 years old were <1 %. To date, the possibility of COVID-19 virus transmission from mothers to their newborns through breastmilk still cannot be ruled out. WHO recommends every mother with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection should be supported to continue or initiate breastfeeding. Mothers should know the advantages of breastfeeding compared to potential risks of COVID-19 transmission, so that continuation of breastfeeding practice could be maintained during pandemic.