bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential implications of biochar and compost on the stoichiometry-based assessments of soil enzyme activity in heavy metal-polluted soils
Authors: Zhao Keqi , Wang Nanyi , Jiang Shilin , Li Fanghong , Luo Shuang , Chen Anwei , Li Hui , Lin Xu , Zhang Jiachao , Zhang Lihua , Huang Hongli , Luo Lin
Published: December 2022

Biochar and compost application in soil has been proved as an environmental management and soil remediation strategy for upgrading soil quality and growth-promoting soil microorganisms. A detailed examination of the fluctuations and stoichiometric interactions between β-glucosidase (BG), N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and acid phosphatase (AP) after applying biochar and compost to the heavy metal soils was conducted in the paper. However, biochar stimulated the activity of AP and inhibited BG, NAG, and LAP. Compost and biochar-compost might strengthen BG, NAG, LAP, and AP activities. Redundancy analysis discovered that the crucial parameters that affected soil enzyme activity were TN, NO3−-N, and TP. However, the stoichiometric ratio of C/N, C/P, and N/P with the application of the biochar, compost, and biochar-compost could be changed. While alleviating the P-limitation in soils under Cu stress, biochar may also alleviate the C-limitation in soils under As, Cd, and Zn stress. Compost and biochar-compost application alleviated C-limitation in heavy-metal (Cu, As, Cd, and Zn) polluted soil. This work will help us further understand the stoichiometry and energy restrictions of biochar and compost on ecological functional enzymes.
The Role of Plants and Animals in the Termination of Three Buildings at the Spring Lake Tract Neighborhood, Cahokia
Authors: Baires Sarah E. , Baltus Melissa R. , Parker Kathryn , Kuehn Steven
Published: December 2022

Plants and animals play a vital role in the human experience, from providing basic sustenance to creating unique social practices that may govern familial, political, or religious experiences; reconstitute identities; or forge social relationships. In this article, we present analyses on the ethnobotanical and zoological remains recently recovered from the Spring Lake Tract, Cahokia, a neighborhood populated from approximately AD 900 to 1275. The assemblage represents a variety of plants and animals that demonstrate the diverse utility of the biota from the region. We conclude that this assemblage indicates that this neighborhood community participated in an array of practices not easily dichotomized into “ritual” or “domestic.” From the perspectives of “Place-Thought” and locality, we emphasize the agency of these entities (plant/animal/human) in the process of creating and sustaining this Cahokian neighborhood.
Orbit equivalence superrigidity for type III actions
Authors: VAES STEFAAN , VERJANS BRAM
Published: December 2022

We prove the first orbit equivalence superrigidity results for actions of type III$_\unicode{x3bb} $when$\unicode{x3bb} \neq 1$. These actions arise as skew products of actions of dense subgroups of$\operatorname {SL}(n,\mathbb {R})$on the sphere$S^{n-1}$and they can have any prescribed associated flow.
A history of Italy's health policy from the Republic to the new century
Authors: Giorgi Chiara
Published: December 2022

This article analyses the development of Italian health policies in the post-Second World War period. Shortly after the setting up of the ‘Beveridge model’ and the creation of the British National Health Service, Italy also introduced a new approach to health, which became part of the Constitution. However, the implementation of the necessary reforms was delayed due to resistance from the country's institutions and government parties. The introduction of a radical health reform became possible only in 1978 through pressure generated from social conflicts, trade unions and left-wing parties. The implementation of the National Health Service encountered a number of obstacles due to the specific conditions of Italy, but also owing to changes at the international level. The neoliberal policies started in the 1980s introduced restrictions in health spending, the regionalisation and privatisation of services, and a new selective approach to health. In spite of these limitations and contradictions, the Italian healthcare system has been considerably successful, leading to strong improvements in health and to a life expectancy at birth among the longest in Europe. The recent developments – and the experience of the pandemic – confirm the important impact of a public, universal health service and, at the same time, the persistent policy efforts aimed at weakening its reach.
Federalism and the Academic Community: A Brief Survey
Authors: Stenberg Carl W. , Walker David B.
Published: December 2022

No general consensus exists concerning the status of American State and local government and intergovernmental relations as fields within the discipline of political science. Any attempt to make such an evaluation by gauging the attention given to these subjects in colleges and universities should distinguish between the two basic roles of American higher educational institutions—research and teaching.

Some observers have noted that in recent years political scientists have become increasingly interested in conducting research in American State and local government. As late as 1963, however, a large number of the members of the American Political Science Association responding to a questionnaire survey of trends in their discipline indicated that State and local government were areas in which the least significant work was being done. Yet, five years later, in a symposium on the advance of political science as a discipline, it was contended that:

State and local politics as a field of political science is no longer a ‘lost world’ or the site of ‘Dullsville.’ Rather than being the laggard of the discipline that some political scientists perceive it to be, the study of state and local politics has reentered the mainstream of political research. Much of the work in political science which has influenced the drift of the profession has been within its domain.
Trajectories of depression and anxiety symptom severity during psychological therapy for common mental health problems
Authors: Skelton Megan , Carr Ewan , Buckman Joshua E. J. , Davies Molly R. , Goldsmith Kimberley A. , Hirsch Colette R. , Peel Alicia J. , Rayner Christopher , Rimes Katharine A. , Saunders Rob , Wingrove Janet , Breen Gerome , Eley Thalia C.
Published: December 2022

Background

There is substantial variation in patient symptoms following psychological therapy for depression and anxiety. However, reliance on endpoint outcomes ignores additional interindividual variation during therapy. Knowing a patient's likely symptom trajectories could guide clinical decisions. We aimed to identify latent classes of patients with similar symptom trajectories over the course of psychological therapy and explore associations between baseline variables and trajectory class.

Methods

Patients received high-intensity psychological treatment for common mental health problems at National Health Service Improving Access to Psychological Therapies services in South London (N = 16 258). To identify trajectories, we performed growth mixture modelling of depression and anxiety symptoms over 11 sessions. We then ran multinomial regressions to identify baseline variables associated with trajectory class membership.

Results

Trajectories of depression and anxiety symptoms were highly similar and best modelled by four classes. Three classes started with moderate-severe symptoms and showed (1) no change, (2) gradual improvement, and (3) fast improvement. A final class (4) showed initially mild symptoms and minimal improvement. Within the moderate-severe baseline symptom classes, patients in the two showing improvement as opposed to no change tended not to be prescribed psychotropic medication or report a disability and were in employment. Patients showing fast improvement additionally reported lower baseline functional impairment on average.

Conclusions

Multiple trajectory classes of depression and anxiety symptoms were associated with baseline characteristics. Identifying the most likely trajectory for a patient at the start of treatment could inform decisions about the suitability and continuation of therapy, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
If You Must Give Them a Gift, Then Give Them the Gift of Nonexistence
Authors: Häyry Matti
Published: December 2022

I present a qualified new defense of antinatalism. It is intended to empower potential parents who worry about their possible children’s life quality in a world threatened by environmental degradation, climate change, and the like. The main elements of the defense are an understanding of antinatalism’s historical nature and contemporary varieties, a positional theory of value based on Epicurean hedonism and Schopenhauerian pessimism, and a sensitive guide for reproductive decision-making in the light of different views on life’s value and risk-taking. My conclusion, main message, to the concerned would-be parents is threefold. If they believe that life’s ordinary frustrations can make it not worth living, they should not have children. If they believe that a noticeably low life quality makes it not worth living and that such life quality can be reasonably expected, they should not have children, either. If they believe that a noticeably low life quality is not reasonably to be expected or that the risk is worth taking, they can, in the light of their own values and beliefs, have children. The conclusion is supported by a combination of the extant arguments for reproductive abstinence, namely the arguments from consent, moral asymmetry, life quality, and risk.
COSUPPORT FOR COMPACTLY GENERATED TRIANGULATED CATEGORIES
Authors: YANG XIAOYAN
Published: December 2022

The goal of the article is to better understand cosupport in triangulated categories since it is still quite mysterious. We study boundedness of local cohomology and local homology functors using Koszul objects, give some characterizations of cosupport, and get some results that, in special cases, recover and generalize the known results about the usual cosupport. Additionally, we include some computations of cosupport and provide a comparison of support and cosupport for cohomologically finite objects. Finally, we assign to any object of the category a subset of
$\mathrm {Spec}R$
, called the big cosupport, and study some of its properties.
A dual-material strategy for enhancing the temperature robustness of microwave resonant cavity
Authors: Fu Dongxu , Xiao Xia , Gu Linshuo
Published: December 2022

Resonant frequency varies significantly due to temperature changes for microwave resonant cavities. Hence, temperature robustness enhancement is of great importance. In this paper, a resonant cavity with enhanced temperature robustness is proposed by applying the dual-material strategy to the middle cavity. Compared to the single-material cavity, the dual-material cavity can demonstrate better temperature robustness with a decrease of 72.7% in the frequency shift over the temperature range of −20 to 80°C. Moreover, the |S11| < −10 dB impedance bandwidth is 6.3% (3.39–3.61 GHz) and the gain is 20.4 dBi at 3.5 GHz for the manufactured dual-material cavity, which are much better than those of the manufactured single-material cavity. Finally, an experiment is conducted to measure the resonant frequencies with the sample solution tube of the dual-material cavity filled with nothing or 30 mg/dl CuSO4 solution, the measured values are consistent with the simulated ones. The influence of temperature drift is significantly reduced, and the feasibility of the dual-material strategy is verified.
PROPHECY, ESCHATOLOGY, GLOBAL NETWORKS, AND THE CRUSADES, FROM HATTIN TO FREDERICK II
Authors: BIRD JESSALYNN LEA
Published: December 2022

Although interest in the influence of prophecy and eschatology on the crusade movement and on cross-cultural conceptions of righteous conflict has recently revived, to date there has been little consideration of the reception, transmission, and reinterpretation of multifarious prophecies by networks of individuals involved in the promotion of various crusades from roughly 1187 to 1240. This study tracks the circulation, adaptation, and impact of influential prophecies publicized by papal legates, by crusade recruiters trained in Paris, and by their colleagues in the Victorine, Praemonstratensian, and Cistercian orders, culminating in the crusades of Frederick II (1213–1229). Royal, imperial, noble, episcopal, and papal courts, as well as visionaries, regular religious, secular clergy, preachers, and prelates, played key roles in validating and publicizing predictions. The preservation and reinterpretation of prophecies by scholars, clerics, scribes, and historians working across Latin Christendom (and in the wider Mediterranean region and Central Asia) testifies to the cross-cultural transmission and reception of specific prognostications adapted to speak to local needs and concerns and changing circumstances. This article identifies manuscripts of prophecies which circulated both independently and in association with the crusading histories of Jacques de Vitry and Oliver of Paderborn, written during and used for the promotion of Frederick II's crusades. It concludes that prophecies and their promoters played essential roles in facilitating cross-cultural diplomatic negotiations, religious debates and conversion attempts, and in the fostering, contextualization, and commemoration of the act of pious warfare. Functioning as a common language, prophetic and eschatological expectations enabled Muslims, Eastern Christians, Jewish communities, and Latin Christians to justify their theoretical or actual roles on the orbis terrarum and to define and negotiate with other cultures. Moreover, they could be endlessly adapted both to fit and to shape existing past, present, or future circumstances. Prophecy and eschatology were not fringe phenomena or praxes, but presented holistic methods of making sense of and adapting to events and negotiating between one's own and other cultures, methods that both competed with and complemented historical and theological interpretations of the world (and texts) and rational, scientific, and philosophical modes of thought.
Assimilation of Aerosol Optical Depth Into the Warn‐on‐Forecast System for Smoke (WoFS‐Smoke)
Authors: Jones Thomas , Ahmadov Ravan , James Eric
Published: December 2022

This research extends the Warn‐on‐Forecast System for Smoke (WoFS‐Smoke) by adding the capability to assimilate aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite Series‐R (GOES‐R) satellites. The WoFS is a rapidly cycling, ensemble‐based analysis and forecasting system designed to generate short term (0–3 hr) forecasts of high impact weather. WoFS‐Smoke provides short‐term forecasts of smoke aerosols injected into the atmosphere from ongoing wildfires. The vertically integrated concentration of smoke aerosols in the atmosphere can be estimated from satellite based AOD retrievals. To assimilate AOD into WoFS‐Smoke, a smoke control variable is added to the prognostic state that is updated during each assimilation cycle. Then, a forward operator is created to relate modeled smoke aerosols to AOD retrievals using a mathematical function developed for the smoke‐AOD conversion used by the High‐Resolution Rapid Refresh for Smoke. Finally, GOES‐R AOD retrievals are quality controlled and are assimilated at 15 min intervals. Comparing analyzed AOD with smoke and other atmospheric variables indicates that assimilating AOD not only directly impacts smoke aerosol concentration in the system, but also has indirect impacts on variables such as temperature, humidity, and wind. Results from two wildfire cases in Oklahoma and Arizona show that assimilating AOD substantially impacts the concentration and distribution of smoke aerosols in the system. Forecast verification against satellite and surface observations indicates the overall impact of assimilating AOD in WoFS‐Smoke can improve forecast skill of smoke and the surrounding environment.
Benchmarking of Machine Learning Ocean Subgrid Parameterizations in an Idealized Model
Authors: Ross Andrew , Li Ziwei , Perezhogin Pavel , Fernandez‐Granda Carlos , Zanna Laure
Published: December 2022

Recently, a growing number of studies have used machine learning (ML) models to parameterize computationally intensive subgrid‐scale processes in ocean models. Such studies typically train ML models with filtered and coarse‐grained high‐resolution data and evaluate their predictive performance offline, before implementing them in a coarse resolution model and assessing their online performance. In this work, we systematically benchmark the online performance of such models, their generalization to domains not encountered during training, and their sensitivity to data set design choices. We apply this proposed framework to compare a large number of physical and neural network (NN)‐based parameterizations. We find that the choice of filtering and coarse‐graining operator is particularly critical and this choice should be guided by the application. We also show that all of our physics‐constrained NNs are stable and perform well when implemented online, but generalize poorly to new regimes. To improve generalization and also interpretability, we propose a novel equation‐discovery approach combining linear regression and genetic programming with spatial derivatives. We find this approach performs on par with neural networks on the training domain but generalizes better beyond it. We release code and data to reproduce our results and provide the research community with easy‐to‐use resources to develop and evaluate additional parameterizations.
The impact of dietary protein supplementation on recovery from resistance exercise-induced muscle damage: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Pearson Alice G. , Hind Karen , Macnaughton Lindsay S.
Published: December 2022

Background

It is unknown whether dietary protein consumption can attenuate resistance exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). Managing EIMD may accelerate muscle recovery and allow frequent, high-quality exercise to promote muscle adaptations. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of peri-exercise protein supplementation on resistance EIMD.

Methods

A literature search was conducted on PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science up to March 2021 for relevant articles. PEDro criteria were used to assess bias within included studies. A Hedges’ g effect size (ES) was calculated for indirect markers of EIMD at  h post-exercise. Weighted ESs were included in a random effects model to determine overall ESs over time.

Results

Twenty-nine studies were included in the systematic review and 40 trials were included in ≥1 meta-analyses (16 total). There were significant overall effects of protein for preserving isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) at 96 h (0.563 [0.232, 0.894]) and isokinetic MVC at 24 h (0.639 [0.116, 1.162]), 48 h (0.447 [0.104, 0.790]), and 72 h (0.569 [0.136, 1.002]). Overall ESs were large in favour of protein for attenuating creatine kinase concentration at 48 h (0.836 [−0.001, 1.673]) and 72 h (1.335 [0.294, 2.376]). Protein supplementation had no effect on muscle soreness compared with the control.

Conclusion

Peri-exercise protein consumption could help maintain maximal strength and lower creatine kinase concentration following resistance exercise but not reduce muscle soreness. Conflicting data may be due to methodological divergencies between studies. Standardised methods and data reporting for EIMD research are needed.
Scenario-specific aberrations of social reward processing in dimensional schizotypy and psychopathy
Authors: Aldridge-Waddon Luke , Vanova Martina , Elbers Leonie , Puzzo Ignazio , Munneke Jaap , Kumari Veena
Published: December 2022

The feelings of reward associated with social interaction help to motivate social behaviour and influence preferences for different types of social contact. In two studies conducted in a general population sample, we investigated self-reported and experimentally-assessed social reward processing in personality spectra with prominent interpersonal features, namely schizotypy and psychopathy. Study 1 (n = 154) measured social reward processing using the Social Reward Questionnaire, and a modified version of a Monetary and Social Incentive Delay Task. Study 2 (n = 42; a subsample of Study 1) investigated social reward processing using a Social Reward Subtype Incentive Delay Task. Our results show that schizotypy (specifically Cognitive-Perceptual dimension) and psychopathy (specifically Lifestyle dimension) are associated with diverging responses to social scenarios involving large gatherings or meeting new people (Sociability), with reduced processing in schizotypy and heightened processing in psychopathy. No difference, however, occurred for other social scenarios—with similar patterns of increased antisocial (Negative Social Potency) and reduced prosocial (Admiration, Sociability) reward processing across schizotypy and psychopathy dimensions. Our findings contribute new knowledge on social reward processing within these personality spectra and, with the important exception of Sociability, highlight potentially converging patterns of social reward processing in association with schizotypy and psychopathy.
Observation of resonant exciton and correlated plasmon yielding correlated plexciton in amorphous silicon with various hydrogen content
Authors: Prayogi Soni , Asih Retno , Priyanto Budhi , Baqiya Malik A. , Naradipa Muhammad A. , Cahyono Yoyok , Darminto  , Rusydi Andrivo
Published: December 2022

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si: H) has received great attention for rich fundamental physics and potentially inexpensive solar cells. Here, we observe new resonant excitons and correlated plasmons tunable via hydrogen content in a-Si: H films on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) substrate. Spectroscopic ellipsometry supported with High Resolution-Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) is used to probe optical properties and the density of electronic states in the various crystallinity from nano-size crystals to amorphous a-Si: H films. The observed optical and electronic structures are analyzed by the second derivative with analytic critical-point line shapes. The complex dielectric function shows good agreement with microscopic calculations for the energy shift and the broadening inter-band transitions based on the electron–hole interaction. Interestingly, we observe an unusual spectral weight transfer over a broad energy range revealing electronic correlations that cause a drastic change in the charge carrier density and determine the photovoltaic performance. Furthermore, the interplay of resonant excitons and correlated plasmons is discussed in term of a correlated plexciton. Our result shows the important role of hydrogen in determining the coupling of excitons and plasmons in a-Si: H film for photovoltaic devices.
Ocular surface microbiome in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Suwajanakorn Orathai , Puangsricharern Vilavun , Kittipibul Thanachaporn , Chatsuwan Tanittha
Published: December 2022

This cross-sectional, age- and gender-matched study included 20 eyes of non-diabetic subjects (non-DM group) and 60 eyes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM group). Subgroups of DM were classified by diabetic retinopathy (DR) staging into no DR (DM-no DR), non-proliferative DR (DM-NPDR), proliferative DR (DM-PDR), and by glycemic control (well-controlled DM; HbA1c < 7%, poorly controlled DM; HbA1c ≥ 7%). Conjunctival swabs were performed for ocular surface microbiome analysis using conventional culture and next-generation sequencing analysis (NGS). A higher culture-positive rate was found in DM (15%) than in non-DM group (5%) (p value = 0.437). Pathogenic organisms and antibiotic-resistant strains were detected in the DR groups (DM-NPDR and DM-PDR). The NGS analysis showed that potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae, Neisseriaceae, Escherichia-Shigella, and Pseudomonas predominated in DM, especially in DR. There was dissimilarity in the ocular surface microbiome between DM and non-DM groups. The subgroup analysis showed that the DR group had significantly different microbial community from DM-no DR and non-DM groups (p value < 0.05). The microbial community in the poorly controlled DM was also significantly different from well-controlled DM and non-DM groups (p < 0.001). Using the NGS method, our study is the first to signify the importance of DR and glycemic control status, which affect the changes in the ocular surface microbiome.
Machine learning multi-omics analysis reveals cancer driver dysregulation in pan-cancer cell lines compared to primary tumors
Authors: Sanders Lauren M. , Chandra Rahul , Zebarjadi Navid , Beale Holly C. , Lyle A. Geoffrey , Rodriguez Analiz , Kephart Ellen Towle , Pfeil Jacob , Cheney Allison , Learned Katrina , Currie Rob , Gitlin Leonid , Vengerov David , Haussler David , Salama Sofie R. , Vaske Olena M.
Published: December 2022

Cancer cell lines have been widely used for decades to study biological processes driving cancer development, and to identify biomarkers of response to therapeutic agents. Advances in genomic sequencing have made possible large-scale genomic characterizations of collections of cancer cell lines and primary tumors, such as the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). These studies allow for the first time a comprehensive evaluation of the comparability of cancer cell lines and primary tumors on the genomic and proteomic level. Here we employ bulk mRNA and micro-RNA sequencing data from thousands of samples in CCLE and TCGA, and proteomic data from partner studies in the MD Anderson Cell Line Project (MCLP) and The Cancer Proteome Atlas (TCPA), to characterize the extent to which cancer cell lines recapitulate tumors. We identify dysregulation of a long non-coding RNA and microRNA regulatory network in cancer cell lines, associated with differential expression between cell lines and primary tumors in four key cancer driver pathways: KRAS signaling, NFKB signaling, IL2/STAT5 signaling and TP53 signaling. Our results emphasize the necessity for careful interpretation of cancer cell line experiments, particularly with respect to therapeutic treatments targeting these important cancer pathways.
Neutrophil trafficking to the site of infection requires Cpt1a-dependent fatty acid β-oxidation
Authors: Pham Ly , Komalavilas Padmini , Eddie Alex M. , Thayer Timothy E. , Greenwood Dalton L. , Liu Ken H. , Weinberg Jaclyn , Patterson Andrew , Fessel Joshua P. , Boyd Kelli L. , Schafer Jenny C. , Kuck Jamie L. , Shaver Aaron C. , Flaherty David K. , Matlock Brittany K. , Wijers Christiaan D. M. , Serezani C. Henrique , Jones Dean P. , Brittain Evan L. , Rathmell Jeffrey C. , Noto Michael J.
Published: December 2022

Cellular metabolism influences immune cell function, with mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation required for multiple immune cell phenotypes. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (Cpt1a) is considered the rate-limiting enzyme for mitochondrial metabolism of long-chain fatty acids, and Cpt1a deficiency is associated with infant mortality and infection risk. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that impairment in Cpt1a-dependent fatty acid oxidation results in increased susceptibility to infection. Screening the Cpt1a gene for common variants predicted to affect protein function revealed allele rs2229738_T, which was associated with pneumonia risk in a targeted human phenome association study. Pharmacologic inhibition of Cpt1a increases mortality and impairs control of the infection in a murine model of bacterial pneumonia. Susceptibility to pneumonia is associated with blunted neutrophilic responses in mice and humans that result from impaired neutrophil trafficking to the site of infection. Chemotaxis responsible for neutrophil trafficking requires Cpt1a-dependent mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation for amplification of chemoattractant signals. These findings identify Cpt1a as a potential host determinant of infection susceptibility and demonstrate a requirement for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in neutrophil biology.
Calcium isotope ratios of malformed foraminifera reveal biocalcification stress preceded Oceanic Anoxic Event 2
Authors: Kitch Gabriella D. , Jacobson Andrew D. , Sageman Bradley B. , Coccioni Rodolfo , Chung-Swanson Tia , Ankney Meagan E. , Hurtgen Matthew T.
Published: December 2022

Ocean acidification causes biocalcification stress. The calcium isotope composition of carbonate producers can archive such stress because calcium isotope fractionation is sensitive to precipitation rate. Here, we synthesize morphometric observations of planktic foraminifera with multi-archive calcium isotope records from Gubbio, Italy and the Western Interior Seaway spanning Cretaceous Ocean Anoxic Event 2 (~94 million years ago). Calcium isotope ratios increase ~60 thousand years prior to the event. The increase coincides with foraminiferal abnormalities and correlates with existing proxy records for carbon dioxide release during large igneous province volcanism. The results highlight Ocean Anoxic Event 2 as a geologic ocean acidification analog. Moreover, decreasing calcium isotope ratios during the event provide evidence for ocean alkalinization, which could have shifted air-sea carbon dioxide partitioning. These data offer an explanation for the Plenus Cold Event and further have implications for refining ocean alkalinity enhancement, a leading anthropogenic carbon dioxide removal strategy.
CNN-assisted SERS enables ultra-sensitive and simultaneous detection of Scr and BUN for rapid kidney function assessment
Authors: Lu Ping , Lin Dajun , Chen Ning , Wang Luyao , Zhang Xuedian , Chen Hui , Ma Pei
Published: December 2022

An ultra-sensitive and real-time kidney function assessment system based on a deep-learning assisted spectroscopy method.
Iron-catalyzed dual decarboxylative coupling of α-amino acids and dioxazolones under visible-light to access amide derivatives
Authors: Liang Zhanqun , Wang Kaifeng , Sun Qing , Peng Yuzhu , Bao Xiaoguang
Published: December 2022

An iron-catalyzed decarboxylative C–N coupling of α-amino acids with dioxazolones is described herein to synthesize amide derivatives under visible-light.
Photoredox-catalyzed coupling of aryl sulfonium salts with CO2and amines to accessO-aryl carbamates
Authors: Guo Yanhui , Wei Li , Wen Zhonglin , Jiang Huanfeng , Qi Chaorong
Published: December 2022

A two-step sequence to valuableO-aryl carbamates through site-selective C–H thianthrenation of arenes and photoredox-catalyzed carbamoyloxylation with CO2is reported.
Correction: Rational design of a meso phosphate-substituted pyronin as a type I photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Wang Yong , Li Jigai , Zhang Yukun , Nan Yi , Zhou Xin
Published: December 2022

Correction for ‘Rational design of a meso phosphate-substituted pyronin as a type I photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy’ by Yong Wang et al., Chem. Commun., 2022, 58, 7797–7800, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CC02124B.
The impact of bilayer composition on the dimerization properties of the Slg1 stress sensor TMD from a multiscale analysis
Authors: Keller Fabian , Alavizargar Azadeh , Wedlich-Söldner Roland , Heuer Andreas
Published: December 2022

We have performed atomistic and coarse-grained (CG) MD simulations to investigate the interplay between the dimerization properties of the Slg1 stress sensor TMD and the lipid bilayer composition. Agreeing well in general properties, the CG simulations differed in detail.
Large31P-NMR enhancements in liquid state dynamic nuclear polarization through radical/target molecule non-covalent interaction
Authors: Reinhard Maik , Levien Marcel , Bennati Marina , Orlando Tomas
Published: December 2022

Large31P-NMR enhancements are observed with DNP in PPh3doped with BDPA radical, while they are reduced when a nitroxide radical or triphenylphosphine-oxide are used instead. This is due to different non-covalent radical/target molecule interactions.
Correction: Characterizing the ligand-binding affinity toward SARS-CoV-2 Mpro via physics- and knowledge-based approaches
Authors: Ngo Son Tung , Nguyen Trung Hai , Tung Nguyen Thanh , Vue Van V. , Pham Minh Quan , Mai Binh Khanh
Published: December 2022

Correction for ‘Characterizing the ligand-binding affinity toward SARS-CoV-2 Mpro via physics- and knowledge-based approaches’ by Son Tung Ngo et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2cp04476e.
Carbon dots for food packaging applications
Authors: Deepika  , Kumar Lokesh , Gaikwad Kirtiraj K.
Published: December 2022

Nanotechnology in food packaging has emerged as a viable commercial option.
Aggregation assisted turn-on response of ANS dye towards protamine
Authors: Mal Dibya Kanti , Nilaya Jonnalgadda Padma , Chakraborty Goutam
Published: December 2022

Formation of an electrostatically-driven ANS–Pr assembly for protamine and heparin sensing.
Strain-induced magnetic phase transition, magnetic anisotropy switching and bilayer antiferromagnetic skyrmions in van der Waals magnet CrTe2
Authors: Feng Dushuo , Shen Zhong , Xue Yufei , Guan Zhihao , Xiao Runhu , Song Changsheng
Published: December 2022

Strain tunable critical temperature and magnetic easy axis switching between in-plane and off-plane by biaxial strain in monolayer CrTe2. A bilayer AFM skyrmion lattice is induced by a magnetic field of 6.9 T at 100 K.
Diverse CsPbI3 assembly structures: the role of surface acids
Authors: Yang Dandan , Zhang Xuebin , Liu Shijia , Xu Zhiheng , Yang Yang , Li Xiaoming , Ye Qiuyu , Xu Qin , Zeng Haibo
Published: December 2022

A second-step nucleation strategy was developed to control the monomer concentration of lead–iodine octahedra to induce the formation of a Pb(SO3−)x-rich surface, from which diverse CsPbI3 assembly structures were realized.
First electrochemical bioplatforms to determine anti-centromere B antibodies: critical comparison between integrated and magnetic bead-assisted strategies using His-tag chemistry
Authors: Arévalo Beatriz , Blázquez-García Marina , Valverde Alejando , Serafín Verónica , Yáñez-Sedeño Paloma , Campuzano Susana , Pingarrón José M.
Published: December 2022

Development and comparison of the first electrochemical bioplatforms for determining anti-centromere B antibodies (CENPB-Abs) developed in magnetic microbead-assisted or integrated formats using His-tag chemistry.
Neuregulin modulates hormone receptor levels in breast cancer through concerted action on multiple signaling pathways
Authors: Almaraz Postigo Sheila , Montero Juan Carlos
Published: December 2022

The Neuregulins (NRGs) are growth factors that bind and activate ErbB/HER receptor tyrosine kinases. Some reports have described an interplay between this ligand–receptor system and hormonal receptors in breast cancer. However, the mechanisms by which NRGs regulate hormonal receptor signaling have not been sufficiently described. Here, we show that in breast cancer cells the activation of NRG receptors down-regulated ERα through a double mechanism that included post-transcriptional and transcriptional effects. This regulation required the concerted participation of three signaling routes: the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, ERK1/2, and ERK5 pathways. Moreover, these three routes were also involved in the phosphorylation of ERα at serines 118 and 167, two residues implicated in resistance to endocrine therapies. On the other hand, NRGs conferred resistance to fulvestrant in breast cancer cells and this resistance could be reversed when the three pathways activated by NRGs were simultaneously inhibited. Our results indicate that estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast tumors that can have access to NRGs may be resistant to fulvestrant. This resistance could be overcome if strategies to target the three main pathways involved in the interplay between NRG receptors and ERα could be developed.
A multi‐agent K‐means with case‐based reasoning for an automated quality assessment of software requirement specification
Authors: Jubair Mohammed Ahmed , Mostafa Salama A. , Mustapha Aida , Salamat Mohamad Aizi , Hassan Mustafa Hamid , Mohammed Mazin Abed , AL‐Dhief Fahad Taha
Published: December 2022

Automating the quality assessment of Software Requirement Specification poses major challenges related to the need for advanced algorithms to extract the SRS quality features, interpret the context of the features, formulate accurate assessment metrics, and document the shortcomings as well as possible improvements. In the existing methods, such as Reconstructed Automated Requirement Measurement, and Rendex, some major processes are still handled offline by humans (semi‐automated) or encompass automating the measurement of a few quality attributes due to the mentioned challenges. This paper addressed this gap and proposed an Automated Quality Assessment of SRS (AQA‐SRS) framework to assess the SRS documents by automatically extracting features related to 11 quality attributes through a deep analysis of the SRS textual content. Also, it constructs a flexible platform that is able to minimize the human expert’s role in the SRS assessment. The AQA‐SRS framework integrates Natural Language Processing, K‐means, Multi‐agent, and Case‐Based Reasoning. The AQA‐SRS framework is evaluated by processing two standard SRS datasets and comparing the results with state‐of‐the‐art methods and analysis by software engineering experts. The results show that the AQA‐SRS framework effectively assesses the tested SRS documents and achieves a 78% total agreement with the tested methods and software engineering experts.
Long short‐distance topology modelling of 3D point cloud segmentation with a graph convolution neural network
Authors: Zhang Wen Jing , Su Song Zhi , Hong Qing Qi , Wang Bei Zhan , Sun Li
Published: December 2022

3D point cloud segmentation is a non‐trivial problem due to its irregular, sparse, and unordered data structure. Existing methods only consider structural relationships of a 3D point and its spatial neighbours. However, the inner‐point interactions and long‐distance context of a 3D point cloud have been less investigated. In this study, we propose an effective plug‐and‐play module called the Long Short‐Distance Topologically Modelled (LSDTM) Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) to learn the underlying structure of 3D point clouds. Specifically, we introduce the concept of subgraph to model the contextual‐point relationships within a short distance. Then the proposed topology can be reconstructed by recursive aggregation of subgraphs, and importantly, to propagate the contextual scope to a long range. The proposed LSDTM can parse the point cloud data with maximisation of preserving the geometric structure and contextual structure, and the topological graph can be trained end‐to‐end through a seamlessly integrated GCNN. We provide a case study of triple‐layer ternary topology and experimental results on ShapeNetPart, Stanford 3D Indoor Semantics and ScanNet datasets, indicating a significant improvement on the task of 3D point cloud segmentation and validating the effectiveness of our research.
T‐shaped dielectric resonator antenna with a high antenna gain
Authors: Feng Li Ying , Leung Kwok Wa
Published: December 2022

This Letter proposes a T‐shaped dielectric resonator (DR) antenna (DRA) to achieve a high antenna gain. The proposed antenna comprises a cylindrical DR top‐loaded by a cylindrical DR disk, forming a T‐shaped DRA that can be fabricated in one go. It is excited in the higher‐order HEM115 mode. The DRA was designed in Ku band and fabricated to validate the idea. Its measured peak gain is 16.13 dBi at 13.34 GHz, with a 10‐dB impedance bandwidth of 9.36%. As compared with a conventional DRA, our design has a large gain enhancement of ∼9 dB.
Une histoire de la virologie
Authors: Agut Henri
Published: December 2022

La virologie est née à la fin du XIXe siècle de la reconnaissance d’agents infectieux, dits filtrables, qui franchissaient les filtres destinés à retenir les bactéries. L’étude de ces agents, en particulier celle du virus de la mosaïque du tabac et les bactériophages, a conduit à montrer l’originalité de leurs propriétés structurales et physico-chimiques, tout en stimulant le développement de la biologie moléculaire. Les virus des animaux, en plus de leur caractérisation, ont servi de sondes pour explorer le fonctionnement moléculaire des cellules eucaryotes, notamment l’organisation du génome, la régulation transcriptionnelle et les mécanismes d’oncogenèse. Au début des années 1960, une définition précise des virions et du mode de réplication des virus, ainsi qu’une classification internationalement reconnue fondée sur les propriétés moléculaires de ces agents, ont été publiées. Au cours des dernières décennies, la compréhension de la physiopathologie des infections virales a conduit à identifier de nombreux nouveaux virus et à développer des procédures standardisées de diagnostic virologique, une chimiothérapie antivirale spécifique et des vaccinations efficaces. Associées au succès des études plus fondamentales, ces avancées ont contribué au bilan exceptionnellement positif de la virologie au cours des cent dernières années.
Der Dialyse-Pflegestandard (DPS)
Authors: Wiegard-Szramek Ina , Eikelmann Matthias
Published: December 2022

Der Fachverband nephrologischer Berufsgruppen e. V. (fnb) als Interessenvertretung aller in der Nephrologie tätigen Mitarbeiter wird eine notwendige Ergänzung zu den bereits seitens der ärztlichen Vertreter (DGfN, DN, VLKN) publizierten Standards zur Versorgung nierenkranker Menschen herausgegeben.
Deciphering emoji variation in courts: a social semiotic perspective
Authors: Pei Jiamin , Cheng Le
Published: December 2022

Emojis are increasingly being used as digital evidence in courts due to the miscommunication and misinterpretation arising from the high variability of their usage and interpretation. Emojis in courts have been extensively researched in extant studies, but relatively little attention has been paid to the emoji variation phenomena in Chinese courts. Through an empirical qualitative content analysis of the court judgments in China and the United States and some supplementary materials, this study posits that an emoji’s meaning in courts can be subject to the following six categories of variations: i. variation across platforms, including devices, operating systems, software programs and clients; ii. temporal variation; iii. variation in court cases under different rules of evidence; iv. variation in individual participants; v. variation across social groups; and vi. linguistic-cultural variation. From a social semiotic perspective, emojis as dynamic signs have great meaning potentials, making their meanings context-dependent and interpreter-dependent. For this reason, it is suggested that legal professionals untangle and weave historical, social, cultural and legal contexts into the interpretation of an emoji’s meaning. Moreover, a probe into the contextualized configuration of emojis can offer practical insights into the interpretation of emoji-bearing texts in judicial decision-making as well as the admissibility and investigation of digital evidence in courts.
Building blocks of suspense: subjective and physiological effects of narrative content and film music
Authors: Bente Gary , Kryston Kevin , Jahn Nolan T. , Schmälzle Ralf
Published: December 2022

The current study explores the role of narrative content and non-diegetic music, as well as their interplay in the creation of film suspense. In a between-subjects design, three audience groups watched either the full version (audio–video) of a suspenseful short movie (Love Field) or a video-only version or listened to the audio track only. Audience responses were assessed with a combination of continuous response measurement (CRM) and psychophysiological measures, comprising heart rate (i.e., inter-beat interval, IBI), pulse volume amplitude (PVA), and skin conductance level (SCL). Frame-by-frame content coding was performed to identify distinct plot segments and musical moods (tense vs. relaxing) and mark the critical visual and auditory events that directed the audience’s inferences about the nature of the plot and elicited specific outcome expectations. Results showed that continuous self-report data and objective physiological measures were largely dissociated, suggesting different processing modalities. Tense music alone induced feelings of suspense (CRM) even in the absence of any clues about the story content. Overall, the audio-only version led to the highest arousal levels, as indicated by SCL and PVA, while the video-only version led to the lowest arousal levels. IBI data revealed short-term heart rate deceleration responses to salient narrative clues that could be interpreted in terms of heightened attention and cognitive resource allocation. Results are discussed in light of a multidimensional framework of tension and suspense and a terminological differentiation of both concepts.
Procurement challenges in public-sector agricultural development projects in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md. Raquibuzzaman , Tabassum Nazia , Khan Niaz Ahmed , Alam Mohammad Jahangir
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper is to identify and evaluate the key challenges to project procurement in public-sector agricultural development projects in Bangladesh. Being exploratory in nature, the study applied the modified Delphi method, the best worst method (BWM), and the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach sequentially for the investigation. Ten key procurement challenges were identified and validated through the use of a literature review and two rounds of modified Delphi with the input of 15 experts in the field. Then the BWM was applied to assess the responses of eight industry experts to estimate the relative importance of the challenges. After that, a second panel of ten experts was interviewed using ISM to look at the contextual relationships between the challenges. This led to a four-layer interpretive structural model and MICMAC (cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification) analysis of the challenges. Among the 10 key challenges, ‘lack of competent procurement staff’ is found to be the most significant challenge; whereas, based on the inter-relationships among the challenges, ‘political influence’ is identified as the most influential challenge. As a result, it is recommended that relevant professionals and policymakers address these challenges in terms of their relevance, relative dependencies, and influences in a holistic manner. This study addresses a knowledge gap by offering a thorough investigation of the challenges associated with public-sector agricultural project procurement in a developing country’s context. This makes it useful for professionals in the field, academics, policymakers, and future researchers.