bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation Technology of Nanometer Ceramic Particles Reinforced Metal-Matrix Graded Coating by Laser Multi-Layer Cladding
Authors: Wang Dong Sheng , Tian Zong Jun , Wang Song Lin , Shen Li Da
Published: November 2012

In this study, a new preparation method for nanometer ceramic particles reinforced metal-matrix graded coating by laser multi-layer cladding technology was introduced. The preparation process including following steps: Firstly, a groups of mixture ratio of micro/nanometer covered composite powders are fabricated using a different content of nanometer ceramic particles and micrometer metal-matrix powders by mechanical ball milling; Secondly, the composite powders are suppressed to laser cladding layer by squash presetting; Last, the layers with an increased content of nanometer ceramic particles are laser clad in turn, then a metal-matrix graded coating strengthened by nanometer ceramic particles is prepared. Furthermore, an experiment for fabricating nano-Al2O3 particles reinforced MCrAlY graded coating by laser multi-layer cladding process was carried out. The results show that the laser-clad graded coating has no obvious interface between the different layers with dense and continuous structure. In addition, the microstructure of the laser layer was refined and composed of fine equiaxed grains because of addition of nanometer ceramic particles.
Characterization of Antibacterial Film Based on PVA and Clove Oil/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex
Authors: Jiang Ping , Hao Xi Hai , Sun Miao
Published: November 2012

The antibacterial PVA film was produced by addition of the clove oil/β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) inclusion complex into PVA directly with solvent salivating. The formation of clove oil /β-CD inclusion complex was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).The influence of different additive amount of inclusion complex on the mechanical properties, transparency, and moisture permeable performance of the film had been studied. The elongation at break of films decreased in a low degree when the adding was less than 20%; The transmittance of films declined apparently when the inclusion complex adding was above 15%, and the visuality of the films didn’t change when the adding was over 25%. The inclusion complex adding had effect on the moisture permeability of films, and moisture permeability of films increased sharply when the adding was more than 15%.
The Preparation and Properties of Ce0.5Ti0.5O2 Ion Storage Films
Authors: Niu Wei , Bi Xiao Guo , Li Xiao Dong , Sun Xu Dong
Published: November 2012

Ce0.5Ti0.5O2 ion storage films were prepared by using sol–gel routes employed butyltitanate（Ti(OC4H9)4） and cerium nitrate（Ce(NO3)3•6H2O） as main initial materials. Structural, optical and electrochemical properties were investigated by XRD, SEM, cyclic voltammetry curves and utraviolet visible spectroscopy in this work. Ce0.5Ti0.5O2 ion films contained crystallization CeO2 and amorphous TiO2, and had large ion storage capacity. Its injection of charge density was high to 12.01 mC•cm-2 and K value was 0.75. It had better cyclic reversibility and high transparency, which kept colorless and transparent during the whole injection and extraction process of Li+. Light insert ion storage films of Ce0.5Ti0.5O2 has important significance in the preparation of electrochromic device.
Facile Deposition of Zirconia Optical Films Based on the Solvothermal Treatment of Zirconyl Nitrate-Water-Methanol System
Authors: Liang Li Ping , Su Cai Xia
Published: November 2012

Zirconia optical films have been facilely deposited based on a modified sol-gel route, which involved solvothermal-treating a mixture of zirconyl nitrate, water, and methanol at 80 °C to produce zirconia-based sols, spin-coating the sols on K9 glass substrates, and then calcining the films at moderate temperatures. The experiments show that, at the proper volume ratio of methanol to water VM/VW (from 40/35 to 70/5), the high deprotonation-condensation reaction rate of the precursor zirconium salt, along with the moderate critical supersaturation level of the reaction medium, give rise to stable and uniform sols comprising particles with mean hydrodynamic diameter of 10-40 nm. This enables rapid deposition of zirconia-based films with a comparatively high refractive index of 1.62 (at 1064 nm). After calcination at 400 °C, the purification and crystallization of film material endow the film with a high refractive index of 1.91 (at 1064 nm).
Bridge Action of Double-Deck Films Interface Electrons
Authors: Zhang Zhi Guo
Published: November 2012

When both SnO2 film and a-Si film with infinite square resistance are deposited on an ITO film, the square resistance of the ITO film notably decreases. This phenomenon is more remarkable, when an ITO film has large square resistance. We believe that the films are composed of spaced crystalline grains. The film resistance is due to crystal boundary scattering carriers. Smaller crystalline grain and greater distance to the crystal boundary lead to fiercer scattering. The crystalline grains of the SnO2 film and a-Si film short-circuit the spaced ITO grains to form bridges so interface electrons can flow trough.
The Micro-Indentation Detection of Multilayer Structured Transparent Film Based on Dark Field Illumination
Authors: Chen Jian Kui , Yin Zhou Ping , Huang Yong An , Xiong You Lun
Published: November 2012

It is difficult to keep the precise conveyance in film discontinuous winding system, while there are no etch or print marks on the transparent film. Based on dark field illumination theory, a micro-indentation detection method is proposed for multilayer structured transparent film roll-to-roll processing. Two parallel strip lights are involved in the vision system to illuminate the indentation at a low angle, which ensures that the distinct image of the cutting indentation can be obtained in reflection and diffuse homogeneous lights. The measurement of micro-indentations can be used to evaluate the film conveying positioning accuracy and calculate the compensation of film feeding position control. An experiment platform was established to show the efficiency and feasibility of proposed scheme. Experimental results showed that the micro-indentation detection method, based on dark field illumination, is successful to increase the feeding precision of multilayer structured transparent film discontinuous winding system.
Corrosion Behaviors in Simulated Body Fluid for TiO2 Films Deposited on AZ31 Magnesium Alloys by Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Zhu Xiang Rong , Xu Zhong Ping , Bing Nai Ci , Chen Qiu Rong
Published: November 2012

TiO2 films were deposited on AZ31 magnesium alloy substrates by r.f. magnetron sputtering. The corrosion behaviors in simulated body fluid (SBF) of the film samples were investigated and compared to the bare AZ31 magnesium alloy. After 3 days’ corrosion in SBF, only part of the TiO2 layer suffered from corrosion and the substrate was prevented from corrosion. In contrast, the bare magnesium alloy suffered from severe corrosion. After 10 days’ corrosion, the TiO2 layer was penetrated and the substrates still did not suffer from corrosion. After 15 days’ corrosion, besides TiO2 layer, the substrate suffered from corrosion to some degree. The depth of the corrosion layer is about 6 m, which is far lower than that of bare magnesium alloy, 40 m. The results show that TiO2 films effectively improve the corrosion properties of magnesium alloys.
A Uniaxial Tensile Method and its Device Design Scheme Based on Single Rotary Drum Applied for Polymer Films
Authors: Chen Song Mao , Liu Wen Jun , Chen Guang Huo , Lin Zhi Sheng , Wu Shang Sheng
Published: November 2012

According to the Sentmanat Extensional Rheometer (SER) and its Universal Testing Platform, a uniaxial tensile method and its device design scheme based on single rotary drum applied for polymer films is proposed in the paper, which will be used to characterize mechanical properties of various types of plastic films under wider temperatures and constant Hencky strain rates. Basic principal and device design ideas are discussed with formula derivation and figures, which provides references to develop the related fixture and carry out some relevant experiments for future.
Deposition and Characterization of Boron-Doped HFCVD Diamond Films on Ti, SiC, Si and Ta Substrates
Authors: Wang Xin Chang , Shen Bin , Sun Fang Hong
Published: November 2012

In the present investigation, titanium (Ti), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon (Si) and tantalum (Ta) samples with the same geometry are selected as substrates to deposite HFCVD boron-doped diamond films with the same deposition parameters, using trimethyl borate as the dopant. FESEM, EDS, Raman spectroscopy and Rockwell hardness tester are used to characterize as-deposited boron-doped diamond (BDD) films. The FESEM micrographs exhibit that the film deposited on Si substrate presents the best uniformity and that on Ti substrate has smallest grain size and film thickness, with titanium element detected in the EDS spectra. Moreover, it’s speculated by indentation test that the adhesive strength between the BDD films and different substrates can be order as SiC>Ta>Ti for the different thermal expansion coefficient gaps between the substrate and diamond, and the hardness of the BDD coated samples measured using Rockwell hardness tester can also be order as SiC>Ta>Ti due to the different hardness of substrate materials. Finally, similar and representative characterization for BDD films is obtained from the Raman spectra for all the BDD films on different substrates.
Structure and Photocatalytic Properties of Fixed Porous TiO2 Composite Film on Steel Prepared by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
Authors: Wang Yun Long , Wang Miao , Xu Mao Sun , Qin Yue Mei
Published: November 2012

TiO2 composite photocatalytic film was fixed on steel by by plasma electrolytic oxidation. The microstructure of the composite film were investigated by XRD, EDS and SEM. The photocatalytic properties of the film were studied by testing the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B. The results showed that the ceramic film was composed of A-TiO2 and R-TiO2. The EDS revealed that the film consisted Ti, O, Si and Fe elements. The SEM pictures showed that the film surface was rough and porous. The photocatalytic experiment results showed that the the TiO2 composite film fixed on steel by plasma electrolytic oxidation exhibited relatively high photocatalytic photodegradation of Rhodamine B, whose removal ratio reached 90% in 2 hours, irradiation of ultraviolet light.
Shear Strength of Atypical Reinforced Concrete Pile by Permanent Uni-Wall System
Authors: Kim Seung Hun , Noh Sam Young , Kim Kap Soo , Han Byum Seok
Published: November 2012

The cross section of Permanent Uni-Wall System (PUS) is formed by circular casing and special casing. As for the special casing cross section of PUS, it is difficult to calculate the shear strength because of atypical section. This study conducted a shear test for three specimens, the variable of which is the shape of the PUS cross section, without the shear reinforcing bar. The test results showed that the shear strength of the specimens had a resisting force larger than the nominal shear strength by ACI318. It was also found that the specimens of PUS’s special casing cross section and the specimen of the equivalent rectangular cross section had a similar level of shear strength.
A Summary of Strength Formation Mechanism of Light Wall Material
Authors: Wang Xue , Guo Yuan Chen
Published: November 2012

The lisht wall material is one of the major trends of wall materials currently Light weight wall material is made of active mineral powder as a main raw material and P. O cement as a cementious material. Spent foam plastic and some admixtures were added, foamed and cured in the nature under the ordinary temperature and pressure condition. The article introduces and analyzes exhaustively the strength mechanism of lisht wall material and prepares theoretical basis for the preparation of high-strength lisht wall material.
Preparation of Porous Fe-Ni Soft Magnetic Powders by Fe-N Alloys Transformation
Authors: Cui Guo Dong , Zhang Yan Shuo , Yang Chuan , Jiang Hai Chun , Gao Guo Qing
Published: November 2012

The porous Fe-Ni powders were successfully prepared by the gas nitriding, electroless plating and then removal of denitrogen & phosphorus under high temperature. The phases of the powders were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) utilizing Cu Ka radiation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the porous powders. The magnetic properties of the powders were measured by a vibration sample magnetometer (VSM). The result shows that the porous Fe-Ni-N powder was mainly composed of γ’-Fe4 N and FeNi3 while the porous Fe-Ni powders were comprised by Fe0.64Ni0.36 and Ni. The porous Fe-Ni powder has a good soft magnetic property with Saturation Magnetization of 113.5emu/g and coercivity of 162.9Oe.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Conductive Composite Films
Authors: Chen Zheng , Li Rui Qi , Guo Qing
Published: November 2012

Conductive polyaniline(PANI) was synthesized by chemical oxidative copolymerization , using dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA)as doping agent. PANI-DBSA/ABS conductive films were obtained by solution blending method, using chloroform as organic solvents. The products were characterized by means of digital four-point probe meter, FT-IR spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and inverted metallurgical microscope. The results indicate that PANI-DBSA has good solubility because dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) plays a good doping role in polyaniline. Composite films’ electric conductivity improves with the increasing content of PANI and the percolation threshold is about 10wt% when conducting network formed. TGA curves demonstrate that product’s glass transition temperature is much higher than acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin, furthermore, the thermal stability of composite films also improves compared with polyaniline or resin.
Analysis of the D3O Materials in Baseball Protective Clothing
Authors: Sun Yun Tao , Liu Xiao Dong , Tian Guo Peng , Han Hong Shuang
Published: November 2012

Based on domestic and foreign research data on the baseball sports injury, analysis of the vulnerable parts and joints of structural characteristics of baseball players, in order to protect vulnerable parts and joints, this article combining the ergonomics theory, to improve the existing baseball sportswear, explore and new material D3O used in baseball protective clothing. The research results will help to avoid and reduce the degree of injury of the baseball player in training and competition, in line with the concept of competitive sports people-oriented.
Synthesis of ZnIn2S4 via a Surfactant-Assisted Hydrothermal Method and their Visible Light Photocatalytic Properties of MO Degradation
Authors: Chen Zhi Xin , Ye Ya Zhen , Xiao Guang Can , He Yun Hui
Published: November 2012

A series of ZnIn2S4 photocatalysts were synthesized via a surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method at 120 °C for 6h. The products were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) and field emission scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that the series of samples have similar profiles in the XRD and DRS detection. The addition of surfactants were not promote the regular and uniform marigold-like microspheres morphology. The photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared samples were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange solution under visible light irradiation.
Effect of Doping Nb2O5 on Microstructure and Properties of Piezoelectric Ceramics PSZT
Authors: Peng Ling , Liu Qi Bin
Published: November 2012

o improve the electrical properties of PSZT piezoelectric ceramics, a ceramic powder Pb0.94Sr0.06(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PSZT) with Nb2O5 was designed. The power was prepared by solid state sintering. The surface structure of sample was characterized using SEM, and the crystal structure of the sample was examined by XRD. The capacitance and dielectric loss of sample was measured by Tonghui Electronics TH2618 capacitor tester. The result of microstructure and electrical properties show that Nb2O5 inhibit crystal growth when the contents of Nb2O5 is less than 0.5.wt%, but excessive Nb2O5 cause pyrochlore phase producing while the contents of Nb2O5 more than 0.5wt.% . The excellent piezoelectric properties are achieved in the ceramics with 0.5wt.% Nb2O5:εr=1504,tanδ=0.0065,d33=336pC/N, kp=0.562.
Applications of Titanium Dioxide Photocatalytic Technology in Degrading VOC in Cars
Authors: Deng Shuang Mei , Wang Min
Published: November 2012

The current situation of research on titanium dioxide photocatalytic oxidation technology is introduced. Based on the general characteristics of VOC in cars, the application and the research of the titanium dioxide photocatalytic technology in degrading VOC in cars are described and then analyze the problems of the technology in industrial application and its prospects in the future.
The Study on Preparation Process Optimization of Ceramic Membrane Layer
Authors: Lu Long , Feng Guang Guang
Published: November 2012

The process of ion nitriding and multi-arc ion plating compound preparation Ti0.33Al0.67N membrane layer, it is the hot research spot of coating technology at present. Under the premise of this process, how to get better performance of thin-film coatings is the focus of research. Based on thin film deposition process parameters by orthogonal experimental design, an appropriate test process has been developed. Micro-hardness instrument is applied to test the surface hardness of the film and the droplet, By using scratch method to test the adhesion of coatings, analyzing the effect of a negative bias of substrate and nitrogen partial pressure, alloy target current process parameters on surface morphology of films, film thickness, adhesion and hardness has concluded the optimal process parameters. The results show, the thickness of the (Ti, Al) N super hard film that deposited by multi-arc ion plating technology is about 2.7 microns, through the deposition process optimization can achieve a high level of hardness (HV > 2600) and strong adhesion strength (>35 N).
The Effects of Substrate Negative Bias Voltage on Morphology and Properties Base on Multi-Arc Ion Plating
Authors: Lu Long , Feng Guang Guang
Published: November 2012

40Cr steel substrate was coated with Ti0.33Al0.67N films by Multi-arc ion technology. Analyses of substrate negative bias voltage on morphology thickness of the film, bonding strength and micro hardness and other properties. The substrate negative bias parameter designs within the scope of the existence of an optimal value, in order to get the optimal performance of the film.
Experimental Studies of Glass Reinforced Aluminum (GLARE) Bolted Joint
Authors: Zhang Ji Feng , Cao Zi Zhen , Xie Yong Gang
Published: November 2012

GLARE laminates with outstanding impact resistance, high fatigue resistance and a number of excellent performances are combined by ductile aluminum layers and high strength FRP layers. An experimental program was conducted to estimate the influence of geometric parameters, ply orientation and tightening torque on the performances of GLARE bolted joint. The study showed that the parameters of GLARE bolted joint have intrinsic properties of metal bolted joint and composite bolted joint. The design threshold values including of geometric parameters, ply orientation and tightening torque were given.
Process Optimization of Reaction Nitrogen Arc Welding Cladding TiCN/Fe Metal Ceramic Composite Coating
Authors: Zhang Yin Yong , Zhao Jian Guo , Ma Lu Ping , Ma Yue Jin , Hao Jian Jun
Published: November 2012

In order to research the technique of reaction nitrogen arc cladding, the 5 factors 4 levels orthogonal experiments have been designed, and the effects of process parameters (such as cladding current, tungsten polar diameter, nitrogen flow, cladding speed and precoated thickness) on coating wear resistance performance were discussed. The process parameters were optimized as follows: cladding current 200 A, tungsten polar diameter 1.6 mm, nitrogen flow 12L. min-1, cladding speed 2 mm.s-1, precoated thickness 1.5 mm.
Machined Surfaces Texture Analysis Based on Hough Transform and Run Length Statistics
Authors: Wang Ya Ming , Feng Hai Rui , Zhou Ying Feng
Published: November 2012

Conditions of tool wear can be indirectly reflected by the texture features of the machined image due to the direct contact between the work piece and tool in cutting process. In this paper, a new texture analysis method is proposed based on the Hough transform and Run length statistics. In order to remove non uniform illumination and noise, the original machined images are preprocessed by contrast enhancement algorithm and adjacent region average method, and then the edge images are obtained by a canny edge detector. Hough transform is then applied to the edge images to detect all line segments. The length characteristics of line segments are detected by using Run length statistics method. The average length and angle characteristics of edge images are used to determine the tool wear. Through our experiments, we found a high degree of correlation between texture features of machined images and tool wear. The combination of Hough transform and Run length statistics method improve the monitoring performance.
Wear Resistance of Plasma Surface Copper Infiltrated on 0Cr18Ni9 Stainless Steel
Authors: Xu Jin Yong , Zhang Jing Chun , Tang Yan , Tang Feng , Li Zhao Rong , Zhang Qi
Published: November 2012

The copper infiltrated stainless steel was formed by double glow plasma surface metallurgy technology on 0Cr18Ni9 steel. A comparative test with untreated samples was carried out. The results indicates that the friction coefficient decreases with the load increasing, and copper infiltrated stainless steel is superior to untreated samples in wear rate and wear resistance, finally makes an analysis of the reasons.
Analysis on Residual Stress in TiN Coating with Different Thicknesses
Authors: Cao Chuan Liang , Zhang Xiang Lin , Wang Hai Yang
Published: November 2012

TiN coating is often coated on fine blanking tools made of with the powder metallurgy high speed steel S790 by Multi-arc ion plating. The phase variation, residual stress and microhardness of TiN coatings were respectively analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction(XRD) and Vickers hardness tester in this research. The result shows that: there is obvious preferred orientation in the crystal surface (1 1 1) and (2 2 2) of TiN coating, the residual stress of TiN coating ranges from -2 347 MPa to -1 920 MPa, and that of the substrate from -154.9 MPa to -69.21 MPa, both of which decrease with the increasing of coating thickness. The TiN coating on the S790 substrate was annealed at temperature 500°C for one hour. It was revealed that the stress state of TiN coating was better and thus the properties of the TiN coating were improved.
Effect of Multilayer Technology on Surface Properties of Diamond Coated Silicon Carbide with Surface Defects
Authors: Chen Nai Chao , Sun Fang Hong
Published: November 2012

Low surface roughness of diamond films is beneficial for the widespread applications in the mechanical field. But brittle ceramic substrate easily forms surface defects, which can be detrimental for surface properties of diamond films. In this work, multilayer technology combining conventional hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) is proposed to eliminate the influence of surface defects in the substrate on diamond films. Then multilayer diamond films are deposited on silicon carbide with surface defects by alternately repeating the processes of diamond films growth and surface polishing. Each layer of multilayer diamond films is evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), surface profilometer and Raman spectrum. The results show that multilayer technology is supposed to be a novel deposition method of improving the surface properties of diamond coated the silicon carbide ceramic substrate with surface defects.
Preparation of Hydroxyapatite Coatings by Anodizing-Electrodeposition on Pure Titanium
Authors: Qian Jian Gang , Li Peng Rui , Li Hai Ting
Published: November 2012

The surface of pure titanium was coarsened by anodizing. Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings were electrodeposited on the anodized pure titanium in a simulated body fluid. Complementary characterization methods (SEM, XRD, static contact angle, roughness tester, universal testing) were used to investigate the features of the coatings. The results of this study indicate that porous surfaces can be achieved on the pure titanium by anodizing, and the HA coatings show a relatively regular network structure. Moreover, HA coatings exhibit a certain roughness, good wettability and rather high shear strength.
Optimization of Process Parameters of Ni-TiN-CeO2 Binary Nanocomposite Coatings by Ultrasound-Pulse Electrodeposition
Authors: Liu Na Na , Wu Meng Hua , Li Zhi
Published: November 2012

Ni-TiN-CeO2 nanocomposite coatings on 45 steel substrate were prepared by ultrasound-pulse electrodeposition. The effects of process parameters, such as CeO2 and TiN nanoparticles addition, cathode current density, positive pulse duty cycle and ultrasonic power on the Ni-TiN-CeO2 nanocomposite electrodeposition process were studied by orthogonal experiments. The nanoparticles contents in the coating were determined, and the surface morphology of the coating was analyzed. The results show that the optimized process parameters are: the CeO2 particles addition of 40g/l, the TiN particles addition of 15g/l, cathode current density of 4A/dm2, positive duty cycle of 20%, and the ultrasonic power of 180W. Under the optimum condition, the desirable Ni-TiN-CeO2 nanocomposite coatings are prepared with higher particle content and better surface quality.
Study on the Control System of Vertical Tin-Plating Process for Semi-Flexible Coaxial Cable
Authors: Wang Xu , Yang Li Jun , Sun Gui Zheng , Liu Wei , Cheng Fang Jie
Published: November 2012

The control system of vertical tin-plating for semi-flexible coaxial cable was introduced in this present paper. The control objects of this control system included the molten tin temperature, the immerging depth and the feeding speed of the cable. In this control system, the feeding speed of the cable was controlled and displayed in range of 2~22 m/min. The lifting metal box driven by a motor was used to control the immerging depth. The immerging depth and time of the cable in the molten tin solder was controlled in 10~100 mm and no more than 3 sec, respectively. Using two thermocouples could reduce the measurement error caused by uneven distribution of molten tin temperature in the tin tank. The control range of molten tin temperature was about 100~400°C. The tension detecting device ensured the tension of the cable in a suitable range. A smooth and continuous tin coating on the outer conductor was obtained at the cable speed 4~6 m/min, the immerging length 40~80 mm, the immerging time 0.5~1 sec and the molten tin temperature 255~265°Cwith this control system.
Study on the Microstructure of FeCrAl/Aluminum Bronze Composite Coatings Prepared by Supersonic Electric Arc-Spraying
Authors: Wang Zhao Jun , Zhu Guang Ming , Yin Feng Shi
Published: November 2012

Abstract. FeCrAl/aluminum bronze composite coatings were prepared by supersonic electric arc-spraying. The microstructure of the composite coating was studied by using optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the FeCrAl and QAl7 aluminum bronze composite coatings have a typical layered structure which is composed of FeCrAl, QAl7 aluminum bronze flattened particles as well as alumina films between them. FeCrAl and QAl7 aluminum bronze flattened particles are distributed alternately and have a good combination btween each other.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Anionic Gemini Surfactant
Authors: Fan Zhen Zhong , Liu Xin , Wang Fei , Zhang Yu Sheng
Published: November 2012

Abstract. Take the lauric acid, the ethylene diamine, the chloroacetic acid, the soda ash as raw material synthesized a new type of Anionic Gemini surfactants-N, N'-double lauroyl ethylene diamine two sodium acetate, The properties of the product were characterized, and the physical and chemical properties were determined. The experimental results can be seen that the anionic Gemini surfactants can greatly reduce the oil/water interface tension, and it has good viscosity properties, Thus deduced that the Gemini surfactants is better than the ordinary surfactant better table (world) surface activity, Can be used in the tertiary oil recovery field.
Numerical Simulation of Compressive Experiment for Rock with a Natural Interlayer
Authors: Han Feng Shan , Song Li
Published: November 2012

It is difficulty to make physical experiment for compressive experiment of rock with a natural interlayer I Natural interlayer affect greatly on mechanical property of rock. In this paper, Rock Failure Process Analysis Code RFPA is used to simulate influence of natural interlayer to compressive strength of rock by numerical simulation under compression. Through numerical simulation complete stress strain curve and peak load can be obtained for compressive experiment of rock with a natural interlayer. RFPA can be effectively used to investigate anisotropy of compression for rock with natural interlayer under different confining pressure. Numerical simulation show that anisotropy of compressive strength of rock with a natural interlayer varies with inclination of natural interlayer, as the confining pressure increase, the compressive strength, the plasticity and ductility increase for rock with a natural interlayer. That provides new method to analyze and investigate mechanical behavior for multilayer composite material such as rock mass with a natural interlayer，finally Index of Anisotropy for rock with a natural interlayer are put forward
Numerical Simulation for Cup Shell Deep Drawn by Powder Flexible Cavity
Authors: Gu Yong Fei , Huang Qian Ying , Fan Cun Jie , Luo Jun Ting
Published: November 2012

On the basis of the uniformly distributed load assumption, powder flexible cavity forming of cup shell is analyzed by MSC.Marc. The stress and strain parameters for different deformation zone are obtained. The technology is compared with rigid die deep drawing by using of point tracer method. The results prove that the forming limit can be improved and defects can be prevented when parts are formed by powder flexible cavity forming technology, which present the theoretical basis for practical application for powder flexible cavity forming technology.
Modeling and Simulation of Pharmaceutical Powder Compaction
Authors: Si Guo Ning , Lan Chen
Published: November 2012

The finite element method was conducted to simulate the pharmaceutical powder compression process by using Drucker–Prager Cap model and elastic-plastic deformation theory. The effects of different friction coefficient on tablet property were systematically studied. The results show that the pressure-density curves shift towards right-hand side with slight decrease at smaller friction coefficient. The fluidity of powder remains the inverse decrease with the friction coefficient, and the density distribution changed more uniform. The maximum Mises stress becomes larger with the friction coefficient increased. The powder displacement decreases near die as the friction coefficient increasing. The research can both predict the tablet property and provide the theory reference for tablet practice production through the finite element analysis of pharmaceutical powder compaction.
Three-Dimensional Arc Modeling inside Non-Transferred Plasma Torch
Authors: Han Hai Ling , Wang Qing Lin
Published: November 2012

Numerical models have been developed to study the characteristics of an arc inside the non-transferred plasma torch. A few of them have considered the diameter of anode spot and arc length in given current and gas flow rate. In this work, a three-dimensional model is developed to simulate power and entropy in the given current and diameter of anode spot. Different combinations of diameter of anode spot and arc length can produce torch power that corresponds to given current and gas flow rate. From the possible combinations of the diameter of anode spot and arc length predicted for given current and gas flow rate, the most feasible combination is obtained.
The Refined Theory of Axisymmetric Circular Cylinder in One-Dimensional Hexagonal Quasicrystals
Authors: Zhao Bao Sheng , Wu Di
Published: November 2012

A refined theory of axisymmetric cylinder in one-dimensional (1D) hexagonal quasicrystals (QCs) is analyzed. Based on elastic theory with 1D hexagonal QCs, the refined theory of axisymmetric cylinder is derived by using general solution of 1D hexagonal QCs and Lur’e method without ad hoc assumptions. At first, expressions were obtained for all the phonon and phason displacements and stress components in term of the three functions with single independent variable. Based on the boundary conditions, the refined equation for the cylinder is derived directly. And the approximate equation is accurate up to the second-order terms with respect to radius of circular cylinder.
Tribological Characteristics of Si3N4-HBN Ceramic Materials for Dry Application
Authors: Chen Wei , Gao Yi Min
Published: November 2012

Using air lubricants, wear tests of Si3N4-hBN composites with different hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) volume fraction sliding against Si3N4 ceramic were carried out on a MMU-5G type pin-on-disc tester. For comparison, Si3N4/Si3N4 pairs were also tested under the same conditions. The worn surfaces of specimens were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Furthermore, the wear debris were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Wear debris layers are formed on the wearing surface when Si3N4-hBN composites slide against Si3N4 ceramic under air lubrication. In this situation, the friction coefficients are as high as 0.80-1.20 and the wear coefficients are above 10-5 mm3/Nm for all materials tested.
Research on Dynamic Balance of Linkage Considering the Influence of Elastic Deformation Based on Simulation
Authors: Li Qi Bing , Huang Yu
Published: November 2012

A method based on mechanical kinetics, Virtual Prototype technology and Finite Element Method (FEM) is proposed, aiming at the dynamic balance of planar linkage with elastic deformation. The method applies to the situation that the elastic deformation of the components can’t be neglected. Translate the key components to flexible bodies by FEM; Build the rigid-flexible multi-body dynamics model by dynamic analysis software, and synthetically optimize the dynamic balance of the model by using the comprehensive indicator which includes input torque, shaking force and moment as the objective function; Finally, according to the parameter result of the previous optimization, the component’s geometrical shape was designed in three-dimensional modeling software. Taking a kind of crank-slide mechanism as an example, it uses this method to optimize a crank-slide mechanism’s dynamic balance and to make the objective function value declined by about 9.2%. The mechanism’s vibration characteristic is improved, so the method is proved to be practical and effective.
Heat Treatment Process Optimization Using Hunting Search and Ant Sense on Path of Steepest Ascent
Authors: Waiyakan Korakoch , Luangpaiboon Pongchanun
Published: November 2012

The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal design parameters of the heat treatment process (HTP) in the context of the multi-response surface optimization. An aim is to improve quality characteristics in the HTP by simultaneously optimizing hardness, stain yield and roundness via pre-heat and heat chamber heaters, number of vacuum, gas fan speed in quenching chamber and partial gas pressure. Taguchi orthogonal design and desirability function approach are applied to form the path of steepest ascent. Influential parameters from the hunting search and ant colony optimization metaheuristics are integrated to seek the optimum. The results proved that the hybrid approach based on the hunting search optimization mechanism was successfully applied in the study. The confirmation tests based on the predicted optimal results were verified and carried out to show considerable improvement.
Visualization of Random Particle Packing Model for Resin Concrete
Authors: Zhao Kun , Wan Shu Min , Lin Bin
Published: November 2012

Particle packing model are always utilized to investigate and predict micro structure performance of material. On one hand, considering 3 classical packing methods, it’s found that random packing method for model of resin concrete is the most suitable. 3D Particle packing model on Matlab is realized through compiling programs, then converted into Ansys and study on porosity of it proves the correctness of the packing model. On the other hand, different from others’ applying Walraven J.C Equation with a quite limited applicability to getting slice, this paper proposes that slice directly from the 3D model is more accurate and scientific, which is also managed to realize on both Matlab and Ansys.
Establishment of an ANSYS-Based Constitutive Modeling for Age Forming of Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Zuo Xiao Jun , Li Jun Chu , Liu Da Hai , Zeng Long Fei
Published: November 2012

Constructing accurate constitutive equation from the optimal material constants is the basis for finite element numerical simulation. To accurately describe the creep ageing behavior of 2A12 aluminum alloy, the present work is tentatively to construct an elastic-plastic constitutive model for simulation based on the ANSYS environment. A time hardening model including two stages of primary and steady-state is physically derived firstly, and then determined by electronic creep tensile tests. The material constants within the creep constitutive equations are obtained. Furthermore, to verify the feasibility of the material model, the ANSYS based numerical scheme is established to simulate the creep tensile process by using the proposed material model. Results show that the creep constitutive equation can better describe the deformation characteristics of materials, and the numerical simulations and experimental test points are in good agreement.
The Pressure Distribution around Particles in Fluid in Confined Wedge Space
Authors: Li Jian , Jin Wei Feng
Published: November 2012

The particle motion in fluid has attracted much attention in material engineering concerned the particle effects such as the debris in lubrication and the particles deposition in material processing. By taking the hydrodynamic effect into account, the pressure distribution around particles in fluid in confined wedge space is analyzed. The influences of the particle position, particle shape and its velocity on the pressure distribution are also investigated. Results show that in confined wedge space, the fluid pressure around the particle in the side near the upper slope plate is larger than that in another side, which may make the particle move downwards. And the pressure discrepancy between both sides of the particle increases with the particle shape, the particle velocity and the particle coordinates in both directions of x and z. These special phenomenons may be used in structured surfaces fabrication based on particle deposition by constructing special fluid field.
Effects of the Flow Speed on Dendritic Growth in Phase-Field Simulation of Binary Alloy with Convection
Authors: Long Wen Yuan , Wang Wei Dong , Yao Jun Ping
Published: November 2012

A phase-field approach which incorporates mass and momentum and solute conservation equations for simulation of Al-Si binary alloy solidification is studied. The effect of force flow on the dendrite growth and solute profile during the solidification of binary alloy were investigated. The results indicate that dendritic grows unsymmetrically under a forced flow, the growth velocity of the upstream tip is faster than the downstream tip. With the force flow, the upstream tip grows faster due the thinner solute boundary layer. The solute gradient in the solid/liquid interface regions of the upstream tip is higher than that of the downstream tip. The faster the flow velocity, the greater the solute gradients in the solid/liquid interface regions of the upstream tip, the thinner the diffusion layer before the upstream tip. The downstream tip is opposed to the upstream tip. The simulations agree qualitatively with the solidification theoretical results.
Process Parameters Modeling and Optimizing for Compound Machining with Ultrasonic Vibration on SiC Wafer
Authors: Liu Yong , Li Shu Juan , Li Yan , Wan Bo
Published: November 2012

Since it is difficult for ultrasonic vibration compound machining to get effective cutting mechanism mathematical model through dynamic analysis, and testing study is shown an effective method to solve this problem. Central Composite Design (CCD) testing was used to carry out following researches. Second-order relational model was established between tangential cutting force, surface roughness, and their main technological factors involved in SiC wafer vibration compound machining. Constraints of actual processing conditions on technological factors were discussed. Optimized target function was established to enhance processing efficiency of SiC wafer, which meant taking maximized sawing force as target. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was designed to solve the issue, and obtain optimized process parameters meeting kinds of constraints.
Evaluation of Drag Reduction Agent Used in Oil Pipeline Transportation
Authors: He Zhi Wu , Li Ning Jun , Zhang Zhen Yun , Yang Hui Li , Wei Ai Jun
Published: November 2012

This article describes the principles and methods of evaluating DRA in the lab, then evaluate the effect of DRA in the lab by designing a DRA test loop. This is measure that thoes DRA difference concentration be provided with flow increase rate and Drag reduction rate in test loop.
Modeling and Analysis of the Effect of Preloaded Pressing Force on Gap Formation during the Drilling of Double-Layered Material
Authors: Li Yuan , Hu Yong Xiang , Yao Zhen Qiang
Published: November 2012

The drilling of multi-layered structural members has been a crucial process in aeronautic manufacturing. The burr formation on layer surfaces, especially on inter-layer surfaces, causes extra amount of deburring operations which waste time and cost. The inter-layer burr formation depends greatly on the size of the inter-layer gap which results from different deformations of the upper layers and the lower layers during a drilling process. Based on the theory of plates and shells, this paper discusses the drilling process of two stacked circular Al-2024T3 plates with edges built-in. The dependence of the inter layer gap formation on the pressing parameters and the axial drilling force is also discussed in this report.
Numerical and Experimental Research on the Feasibility for Plasma Arc Forming of Laminated Clad Metal Sheets Containing Defects
Authors: Song Wen Qing , Xu Wen Ji , Chai Jing Fu
Published: November 2012

In this paper, a FEM mode was developed to study the feasibility of the plasma arc bending of the laminated clad metal sheets (LCMS) containing defects. The three layer LCMS of stainless steel/mild steel/stainless steel was selected as the sample. The influences of the defects on the temperature field and deformation field were investigated. Besides, the bending experiments were performed to examine the feasibility. The results show that there is a sharp rise of temperature around the defect due to the lower thermal conductivity which causes the possible partial melting of the formed parts. The existence of the defect exacerbates the unevenness of the thickness along the heating line. But the delamination of the interface does not occur because of the instantaneous variations of the stress under the high temperature, which is consistent with the experiments.
Establishment and Application of a Mathematic Model of Negative Pressure Equipment
Authors: Liu Zhao Hua , Wang Ai Ling , Wang Biao
Published: November 2012

This article constructs the characteristics equation of negative pressure nozzle (for DF), and on this foundation, analyses the separating flow ratio of NP equipment detail, thus obtaining its reasonable scope. Also the paper attempts to find relationship between section area ratio and separating flow ratio from the perspective of the characteristic equation of the nozzle. Based on the combination of the analysis and the principle of hydomechanics, the structure of traditional NP nozzle is modified according to the negative pressure gap, spray angle and separating flow ratio.
Modeling and Optimization of Vibration Amplitude in Turning of Stainless Steel AISI 304 at Various Tool Overhangs
Authors: Amin A.K.M. Nurul , Sulaiman Syidatul Akma , Arif Muammer D.
Published: November 2012

Chatter is detrimental to all machining operations. In metal turning operations it leads to inferior surface topography, reduced productivity, and shortened tool life. Various researchers have thus tried to develop mathematical models and theories for chatter formation in order to find optimum ways of chatter suppression. This research investigated the chatter phenomenon in turning of stainless steel AISI 403 in the light of vibration amplitude. Central composite rotatable design of experiments under Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to create a second order mathematical model, and the adequacy of the model was verified using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Machining operations were carried out on a conventional engine lathe (Harrison M390, England) with rated power of 5.5 kW and maximum spindle speed of 2000 rpm. Cemented Tungsten Carbide (WC-Co) inserts were used to machine a stainless steel cylinder. The data acquisition system consisted of a vibration sensor (KISTLER accelerometer Type 8774A50) and a signal conditioning unit, which was connected to the computer via a data acquisition (DAQ) card. Analog input signals were fed into the DAQ card and evaluated using the DASYLab 5.6 software. The vibration results were analyzed in the frequency domain (FFT) plots. It was observed that the uncontrolled vibration of the tool holder was the largest contributor to chatter formation.
Vibration Drilling the 0Cr18Ni9Ti Stainless Steel Micro-Hole
Authors: Zhang Peng , Mei Chang Hong , Guo Xing Yu
Published: November 2012

Austenite 0Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel is one of difficult-to-cut materials. It has poor dilling process, especially for micro-hole machining. The main reasons are the tiny drill, poor rigidity, easy to deviation. Moreover, the chip is difficult to discharge, so the drilling force is increased and the drill bit is easy to break, or even it is impossible for micro-hole drilling. In this paper, the vibration drilling process is adopted. The vibration drilling 0Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel micro-hole process mechanism is researched. The stainless steel micro-hole drilling experiments are conducted. The results show that the vibration drilling can be a better solution for 0Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel micro-hole processing.
The Effect of Temperature and Strain-Rate Sensitivity on Formability of AA 5754
Authors: Turkoz Mevlut , Halkacı Selcuk , Koç Muammer
Published: November 2012

Aluminum alloys have limited usage because of their limited formability at room temperatures. In order to design and develop more parts made of aluminum, new forming techniques such as hydroforming, warm forming and warm hydroforming have been researched to overcome the low formability issues. This, in turn, necessitates understanding and modeling the behavior of aluminum alloys at different temperatures and strain rates. This paper deals with the investigation of the effect of temperature and strain rate sensitivity on the formability of AA 5754 aluminum alloy. Tensile tests were carried out at temperatures of 20,100,180 and 260°C and forming rates of 25, 100 and 250 mm/min. The mechanical properties and flow curves were obtained and the strain rate sensitivities were calculated at different strains and temperatures. The effects of temperature and strain rate sensitivity on the formability were introduced.