bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pengembangan Usaha Pemanfaatan Limbah Bonggol Jagung Menjadi Produk Kerajinan Multiguna
Authors: Mahardhika Mahardhika , Dewi Farida Ratna
Published: December 2017

Sisa pengolahan industri pertanian pada jagung akan menghasilkan limbah berupa bonggol jagung yang jumlahnya akan terus bertambah seiring dengan peningkatan kapasitas produksi. Peningkatan produksi pertanian jagung dalam hal ini harus disertai dengan upaya lebih lanjut dalam bentuk manajemen, pelestarian, dan penggunaan limbah bahan bonggol jagung yang telah diproduksi tidak mengurangi estetika lingkungan atau tidak menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, salah satu ide kreatif dalam mengurangi volume limbah bonggol jagung dan meningkatkan nilai tambahnya adalah dengan memanfaatkan limbah bonggol jagung untuk diubah menjadi produk kerajinan yang multiguna. UKM Kerajinan Bonggol Jagung adalah sebuah UKM yang menghasilkan  kerajinan multiguna melalui pemanfaatan limbah bonggol jagung. Keuntungan yang ada di produk ini terletak pada nilai estetika dan keunikan tersendiri yang dapat ditampilkan oleh sifat dan struktur dari bahan baku bonggol jagung. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah 1) Menganalisis kelayakan pengembangan usaha pada UKM Bonggol Jagung Craft ditinjau dari aspek pasar, aspek teknis, aspek manajemen, aspek sosial ekonomi, dan aspek lingkungan; 2) Menganalisis kelayakan pengembangan usaha pada UKM Bonggol Jagung Craft dilihat dari sisi kriteria analisis NPV, IRR, Net B/C, PBP, R/C Ratio, ROI, dan BEP; 3) Menganalisis tingkat kepekaan (sensitivitas) usaha pemanfaatan limbah bonggol jagung menjadi produk kerajinan multiguna pada Bonggol Jagung Craft apabila terjadi peningkatan total biaya, penurunan penjualan, serta kombinasi antara peningkatan total biaya dengan penurunan penjualan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aspek pasar, aspek teknis, aspek manajemen, aspek sosial ekonomi dan aspek lingkungan, serta aspek keuangan adalah layak.
Kata  kunci: bonggol jagung, kerajinan multiguna, UKM, analisis kriteria, sensitivitas, kelayakan
A Simulation and Visualization Environment for Spatiotemporal Disaster Risk Assessments of Network Infrastructures
Authors: Heitzler Magnus , Lam Juan Carlos , Hackl Jürgen , Adey Bryan T. , Hurni Lorenz
Published: December 2017

Emerging methodologies for risk assessments of civil infrastructure networks require the coupling of several spatiotemporal models that need to be executed multiple times with varying parametrizations to account for model uncertainty and to investigate “what-if” scenarios. These requirements led to the development of a software environment to support the simulation process and the visual analysis of its results. The simulation engine component of the environment makes it possible to define, couple, and execute models. An embedded infrastructure model facilitates the development of functionality to estimate and aggregate capacity measures of single objects affected by multiple hazards. The simulation manager component can be used to execute multiple instances of the simulation engine conveniently with varying parametrizations. The included visualization tool provides two complementary views. The ensemble view can be used to analyze the data at a highly aggregated level with information visualization techniques and the simulation view can be used to investigate simulations in greater detail via an interactive map window and a state dependency graph. The software environment is used in a risk assessment for the region of Chur, Switzerland, which comprises the simulation of multiple natural hazard scenarios that lead to impaired transport infrastructure capacities and thus to disrupted traffic flows.
Beyond Jameson: The Metapolitics of Allegory
Authors: Graff Zivin Erin
Published: December 2017

What are the politics of allegory? For several decades, Latin American literary studies have been haunted by Fredric Jameson’s (in)famous claim that “all third world texts are […] national allegories,” accompanied, more recently, by a critical counter-tradition in Latin Americanism that rejected Jameson’s argument without pursuing alternative readings of allegory. What would happen if, after the death of allegorical reading in Latin American studies, we were to return to the question of allegory in the work of Paul de Man, who argued that allegory always allegorizes the impossibility of reading? This essay traces the politics, or metapolitics, of allegorical representation, and of allegorical readings, in Latin American studies and concludes with an analysis of César Aira’s El congreso de literatura as an example of the allegorization of the impossibility of a politics grounded in sovereign decisionism.
Memory Heroics: Ethos Daimon
Authors: Moreiras Alberto
Published: December 2017

This article is an extended meditation on Javier Cercas’s 2014 novel El impostor. An extant fragment from Heraclitus says “ethos anthropoi daimon.” Marco, Cercas’s protagonist, is undecidably a “man of destiny” or a “man of character,” to use Hegelian categories recently reappropriated by Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio. But, if “character” is “destiny” for the man, as the conventional translation of Heraclitus asserts, how does a destructive character relate to history?
Wertstrommodellierung und -simulation im Zeichen von Digitalisierung und Industrie 4.0
Authors: Meudt Tobias , Kaiser Joscha , Metternich Joachim , Spieckermann Sven
Published: December 2017

Kurzfassung

Die Wertstrommethode sowie -simulationen von Produktionsabläufen sind etablierte Vorgehensweisen, die in zahlreichen produzierenden Unternehmen zum Einsatz kommen. Sie werden heute typischerweise unabhängig voneinander eingesetzt. Die Wertstrommethode bedient sich auch Zeiten in von Industrie 4.0 meistens noch analoger Hilfsmittel wie Klemmbrettern und Flipcharts. Hier setzte das Forschungsprojekt MobiSim an, das Wertstromanalyse und -design direkt an der Fertigungslinie digitalisiert und mit zeitdynamischer Simulation verknüpft. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse des Projekts und die Funktionalität der App SimVSM vorgestellt.*)
Einfluss der Komponentendämpfung auf das Gesamtsystem Werkzeugmaschine
Authors: Brecher Christian , Fey Marcel , Christoffers Daniel
Published: December 2017

Kurzfassung

Kern dieses Fachartikels ist die Beantwortung der Frage, ob und wie ermittelte Erkenntnisse zu den dynamischen Eigenschaften von Maschinenelementen in spanenden Werkzeugmaschinen (WZM) dazu genutzt werden können, das Leistungsvermögen und die Genauigkeit einer WZM zu optimieren. Hierzu wurde an einer Projektmaschine der Einfluss von ausgewählten Modifikationen auf die Prozessstabilität und das dynamische Nachgiebigkeitsverhalten bestimmt.*)
Modulbaukasten Digitalisierung
Authors: Langer Tino , Singer Adrian , Wenzel Ken , Bolev Dimitri
Published: December 2017

Kurzfassung

Durch die zunehmende Durchdringung der Digitalisierung gewinnt die „Ressource Daten“ stetig an Bedeutung. Aber wie lassen sich relevante Daten mit Bezug zur Produktion erfassen, verarbeiten und als Informationen so zur Verfügung stellen, dass diese auch wertschöpfend wirken? Das Fraunhofer IWU entwickelt ein „Industrie-4.0-Reifegradmodell“ und einen „Modulbaukasten Digitalisierung“, um Unternehmen bei der Entwicklung und Umsetzung einer nachhaltigen Digitalisierungsstrategie zu unterstützen.*)
A High-Power Continuous-Wave Mid-Infrared Optical Parametric Oscillator Module
Authors: Liu Yichen , Xie Xukai , Ning Jian , Lv Xinjie , Zhao Gang , Xie Zhenda , Zhu Shining
Published: December 2017

We demonstrate here a compact optical parametric oscillator module for mid-infrared generation via nonlinear frequency conversion. This module weighs only 2.5 kg and fits within a small volume of 220 × 60 × 55 mm3. The module can be easily aligned to various pump laser sources, and here we use a 50 W ytterbium (Yb)-doped fiber laser as an example. With a two-channel MgO-doped periodically poled lithium niobate crystal (MgO:PPLN), our module covers a tuning range of 2416.17–2932.25 nm and 3142.18–3452.15 nm. The highest output power exceeds 10.4 W at 2.7 μm, corresponding to a conversion efficiency of 24%. The measured power stability is 2.13% Root Meat Square (RMS) for a 10 h duration under outdoor conditions.
A Parallel Restoration for Black Start of Microgrids Considering Characteristics of Distributed Generations
Authors: Wang Jing , Mu Longhua , Zhang Fan , Zhang Xin
Published: December 2017

The black start capability is vital for microgrids, which can potentially improve the reliability of the power grid. This paper proposes a black start strategy for microgrids based on a parallel restoration strategy. Considering the characteristics of distributed generations (DGs), an evaluation model, which is used to assess the black start capability of DGs, is established by adopting the variation coefficient method. Thus, the DGs with good black start capability, which are selected by a diversity sequence method, are restored first in parallel under the constraints of DGs and network. During the selection process of recovery paths, line weight and node importance degree are proposed under the consideration of the node topological importance and the load importance as well as the backbone network restoration time. Therefore, the whole optimization of the reconstructed network is realized. Finally, the simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the strategy.
Design Method for the Coil-System and the Soft Switching Technology for High-Frequency and High-Efficiency Wireless Power Transfer Systems
Authors: Liu Xu , Liu Jianhua , Wang Jianjing , Wang Chonglin , Yuan Xibo
Published: December 2017

Increasing the resonant frequency of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system effectively improves the power transfer efficiency between the transmit and the receive coils but significantly limits the power transfer capacity with the same coils. Therefore, this paper proposes a coil design method for a series-series (SS) compensated WPT system which can power up the same load with the same DC input voltage & current but with increased resonant frequency. For WPT systems with higher resonant frequencies, a new method of realizing soft-switching by tuning driving frequency is proposed which does not need to change any hardware in the WPT system and can effectively reduce switching losses generated in the inverter. Eighty-five kHz, 200 kHz and 500 kHz WPT systems are built up to validate the proposed methods. Experimental results show that all these three WPT systems can deliver around 3.3 kW power to the same load (15 Ω) with 200 V input voltage and 20 A input current as expected and achieve more than 85% coil-system efficiency and 79% system overall efficiency. With the soft-switching technique, inverter efficiency can be improved from 81.91% to 98.60% in the 500 kHz WPT system.
Nearshore Wave Predictions Using Data Mining Techniques during Typhoons: A Case Study near Taiwan’s Northeastern Coast
Authors: Wei Chih-Chiang
Published: December 2017

Seasonal typhoons provide energy into the wave field in summer and autumn in Taiwan. Typhoons lead to abundant wave energy near the coastal area and cause storm surges that can destroy offshore facilities. The potential for wave energy can be obtained from analyzing the wave height. To develop an effective model for predicting typhoon-induced wave height near coastal areas, this study employed various popular data mining models—namely k-nearest neighbors (kNN), linear regressions (LR), model trees (M5), multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network, and support vector regression (SVR) algorithms—as forecasting techniques. The principal component analysis (PCA) was then performed to reduce the potential variables from the original data at the first stage of data preprocessing. The experimental site was the Longdong buoy off the northeastern coast of Taiwan. Data on typhoons that occurred during 2002–2011 and 2012–2013 were collected for training and testing, respectively. This study designed four PCA cases, namely EV1, TV90, TV95, and ORI: EV1 used eigenvalues higher than 1.0 as principal components; TV90 and TV95 used the total variance percentages of 90% and 95%, respectively; and ORI used the original data. The forecast horizons varying from 1 h to 6 h were evaluated. The results show that (1) in the PCA model’ cases, when the number of attributes decreases, computing time decreases and prediction error increases; (2) regarding classified wave heights, M5 provides excellent outcomes at the small wavelet wavelet level; MLP has favorable outcomes at the large wavelet and small/moderate wave levels; meanwhile, SVR gives optimal outcomes at the long wave and high/very high wave levels; and (3) for performance of lead times, MLP and SVR achieve more favorable relative weighted performance without consideration of computational complexity; however, MLP and SVR might obtain lower performance when computational complexity is considered.
Feasibility of Google Tango and Kinect for Crowdsourcing Forestry Information
Authors: Hyyppä Juha , Virtanen Juho-Pekka , Jaakkola Anttoni , Yu Xiaowei , Hyyppä Hannu , Liang Xinlian
Published: December 2017

In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of using the Microsoft Kinect and Google Tango frame-based depth sensors for individual tree stem measurements and reconstruction for the purpose of forest inventory. Conventionally field reference data in forest inventory are collected at tree and sample plot level by means of manual measurements (e.g., a caliper), which are both labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this study, color (i.e., red, green and blue channels, RGB) and range images acquired by a Kinect and Tango systems were processed and used to extract tree diameter measurements for the individual tree stems. For this, 121 reference stem diameter measurements were made with tape and caliper. Kinect-derived tree diameters agreed with tape measurements to a 1.90 cm root-mean-square error (RMSE). The stem curve from the ground to the diameter at breast height agreed with a bias of 0.7 cm and random error of 0.8 cm with respect to the reference trunk. For Tango measurements, the obtained stem diameters matched those from tape measurement with an RMSE of 0.73 cm, having an average bias of 0.3 cm. As highly portable and inexpensive systems, both Kinect and Tango provide an easy way to collect tree stem diameter and stem curve information vital to forest inventory. These inexpensive instruments may in future compete with both terrestrial and mobile laser scanning or conventional fieldwork using calipers or tape. Accuracy is adequate for practical applications in forestry. Measurements made using Kinect and Tango type systems could also be applied in crowdsourcing context.
Is Osteopontin a Friend or Foe of Cell Apoptosis in Inflammatory Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases?
Authors: Iida Tomoya , Wagatsuma Kohei , Hirayama Daisuke , Nakase Hiroshi
Published: December 2017

Osteopontin (OPN) is involved in a variety of biological processes, including bone remodeling, innate immunity, acute and chronic inflammation, and cancer. The expression of OPN occurs in various tissues and cells, including intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and T lymphocytes. OPN plays an important role in the efficient development of T helper 1 immune responses and cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis. The association of OPN with apoptosis has been investigated. In this review, we described the role of OPN in inflammatory gastrointestinal and liver diseases, focusing on the association of OPN with apoptosis. OPN changes its association with apoptosis depending on the type of disease and the phase of disease activity, acting as a promoter or a suppressor of inflammation and inflammatory carcinogenesis. It is essential that the roles of OPN in those diseases are elucidated, and treatments based on its mechanism are developed.
Designing Smart Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Khan Ferdous , Tanaka Masaru
Published: December 2017

The engineering of human tissues to cure diseases is an interdisciplinary and a very attractive field of research both in academia and the biotechnology industrial sector. Three-dimensional (3D) biomaterial scaffolds can play a critical role in the development of new tissue morphogenesis via interacting with human cells. Although simple polymeric biomaterials can provide mechanical and physical properties required for tissue development, insufficient biomimetic property and lack of interactions with human progenitor cells remain problematic for the promotion of functional tissue formation. Therefore, the developments of advanced functional biomaterials that respond to stimulus could be the next choice to generate smart 3D biomimetic scaffolds, actively interacting with human stem cells and progenitors along with structural integrity to form functional tissue within a short period. To date, smart biomaterials are designed to interact with biological systems for a wide range of biomedical applications, from the delivery of bioactive molecules and cell adhesion mediators to cellular functioning for the engineering of functional tissues to treat diseases.
Development of Highly Repellent Silica Particles for Protection of Hemp Shiv Used as Insulation Materials
Authors: Bourebrab Marion , Durand Géraldine , Taylor Alan
Published: December 2017

New bio-materials have recently gained interest for use in insulation panels in walls, but wider adoption by the building industry is hindered by their intrinsic properties. The fact that such materials are mainly composed of cellulose makes them combustible, and their hydrophilic surface presents a high water uptake, which would lead to faster biodegradation. A hydrophobic treatment with silica particles was successfully synthesised via Stöber process, characterised, and deposited on hemp shiv. The surface of hemp shiv coated several times with 45 and 120 nm particles were uniformly covered, as well as extensively water repellent. Those samples could withstand in humidity chamber without loss of their hydrophobic property and no sign of mould growth after 72 h of exposure.
Optimization of Micropump Performance Utilizing a Single Membrane with an Active Check Valve
Authors: Bui Gia , Wang Jung-Hao , Lin Jr-Lung
Published: December 2017

In this study, we successfully designed and tested a new micropump that utilizes an active check valve and bottom-protruding structure to achieve sample transportation. We performed theoretical analyses and numerical simulations to determine the optimal location of the active check valve. We also experimentally analyzed variations in the generated flow rate with respect to the pneumatic frequencies, actuated air pressures, and locations of the active check valve. The experimental results indicate the optimum air pressure, driving frequency, and location of the active check valve to be 68.9 kPa, 26.0 Hz, and 2.0 mm, respectively. We obtained a maximum pumping rate of 488 μL/min and a maximum pumping efficiency of 35.4%. The proposed micropump could perform a crucial function in the transportation of microfluids and could be incorporated into micro total analysis systems.
Real Time Analysis of Bioanalytes in Healthcare, Food, Zoology and Botany
Authors: Wang Tianqi , Ramnarayanan Ashwin , Cheng Huanyu
Published: December 2017

The growing demand for real time analysis of bioanalytes has spurred development in the field of wearable technology to offer non-invasive data collection at a low cost. The manufacturing processes for creating these sensing systems vary significantly by the material used, the type of sensors needed and the subject of study as well. The methods predominantly involve stretchable electronic sensors to monitor targets and transmit data mainly through flexible wires or short-range wireless communication devices. Capable of conformal contact, the application of wearable technology goes beyond the healthcare to fields of food, zoology and botany. With a brief review of wearable technology and its applications to various fields, we believe this mini review would be of interest to the reader in broad fields of materials, sensor development and areas where wearable sensors can provide data that are not available elsewhere.
Landsat-Derived Estimates of Mangrove Extents in the Sierra Leone Coastal Landscape Complex during 1990–2016
Authors: Mondal Pinki , Trzaska Sylwia , De Sherbinin Alex
Published: December 2017

This study provides the first assessment of decadal changes in mangrove extents in Sierra Leone. While significant advances have been made in mangrove mapping using remote sensing, no study has documented long-term changes in mangrove extents in Sierra Leone—one of the most vulnerable countries in West Africa. Such understanding is critical for devising regional management strategies that can support local livelihoods. We utilize multi-date Landsat data and cloud computational techniques to quantify spatiotemporal changes in land cover, with focus on mangrove ecosystems, for 1990–2016 along the coast of Sierra Leone. We specifically focus on four estuaries—Scarcies, Sierra Leone, Yawri Bay, and Sherbro. We relied on the k-means approach for an unsupervised classification, and validated the classified map from 2016 using ground truth data collected from Sentinel-2 and high-resolution images and during field research (accuracy: 95%). Our findings indicate that the Scarcies river estuary witnessed the greatest mangrove loss since 1990 (45%), while the Sierra Leone river estuary experienced mangrove gain over the last 26 years (22%). Overall, the Sierra Leone coast lost 25% of its mangroves between 1990 and 2016, with the lowest coverage in 2000, during the period of civil war (1991–2002). However, natural mangrove dynamics, as supported by field observations, indicate the potential for regeneration and sustainability under carefully constructed management strategies.
Analyzing Land Cover Change and Urban Growth Trajectories of the Mega-Urban Region of Dhaka Using Remotely Sensed Data and an Ensemble Classifier
Authors: Hassan Mohammad , Southworth Jane
Published: December 2017

Accurate information on, and human interpretation of, urban land cover using satellite-derived sensor imagery is critical given the intricate nature and niches of socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental factors occurring at multiple temporal and spatial scales. Detailed knowledge of urban land and their changing pattern over time periods associated with ecological risk is, however, required for the best use of critical land and its environmental resources. Interest in this topic has increased recently, driven by a surge in the use of open-source computing software, satellite-derived imagery, and improved classification algorithms. Using the machine learning algorithm Random Forest, combined with multi-date Landsat imagery, we classified eight periods of land cover maps with up-to-date spatial and temporal information of urban land between the period of 1972 and 2015 for the mega-urban region of greater Dhaka in Bangladesh. Random Forest—a non-parametric ensemble classifier—has shown a quantum increase in satellite-derived image classification accuracy due to its outperformance over traditional approaches, e.g., Maximum Likelihood. Employing Random Forest as an image classification approach for this study with independent cross-validation techniques, we obtained high classification accuracy, user and producer accuracy. Our overall classification accuracy ranges were between 85% and 97% with kappa values between 0.81 and 0.94. The area statistics derived from the thematic land cover map show that the built-up area in the 43-year study period expanded quickly, from 35 km2 in 1972 to 378 km2 in 2015, with a net increase rate of approximately 980% and an average annual growth rate of 6%. This growth rate, however, was higher in peripheral areas, with a 2903% increase and an annual expansion rate of 8%, compared to a 460% increase with an annual growth rate of 4% in the core city area (Dhaka City Corporation). This huge urban expansion took place in the north, northwest, and southwest regions of Dhaka, transforming areas that were previously agricultural land, vegetation cover, wetland, and water bodies. The main factors driving the city towards northern corridors include flood-free higher land, the availability of a transportation network, and the agglomeration of manufacturing-based employment centers. The resulting thematic map and spatial information produced from this study therefore serve to facilitate a detailed understanding of urban growth dynamics and land cover change patterns in the mega-urban region of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
The use of 4,4,4-trifluorothreonine to stabilize extended peptide structures and mimic β-strands
Authors: Xu Yaochun , Correia Isabelle , Ha-Duong Tap , Kihal Nadjib , Soulier Jean-Louis , Kaffy Julia , Crousse Benoît , Lequin Olivier , Ongeri Sandrine
Published: December 2017

Pentapeptides having the sequence R-HN-Ala-Val-X-Val-Leu-OMe, where the central residue X is L-serine, L-threonine, (2S,3R)-L-CF3-threonine and (2S,3S)-L-CF3-threonine were prepared. The capacity of (2S,3S)- and (2S,3R)-CF3-threonine analogues to stabilize an extended structure when introduced in the central position of pentapeptides is demonstrated by NMR conformational studies and molecular dynamics simulations. CF3-threonine containing pentapeptides are more prone to mimic β-strands than their natural Ser and Thr pentapeptide analogues. The proof of concept that these fluorinated β-strand mimics are able to disrupt protein–protein interactions involving β-sheet structures is provided. The CF3-threonine containing pentapeptides interact with the amyloid peptide Aβ1-42 in order to reduce the protein–protein interactions mediating its aggregation process.
Nucleophilic dearomatization of 4-aza-6-nitrobenzofuroxan by CH acids in the synthesis of pharmacology-oriented compounds
Authors: Starosotnikov Alexey M , Shkaev Dmitry V , Bastrakov Maxim A , Fedyanin Ivan V , Shevelev Svyatoslav A , Dalinger Igor L
Published: December 2017

4-Aza-6-nitrobenzofuroxan (ANBF) reacts with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and other CH acids to give carbon-bonded 1,4-adducts – 1,4-dihydropyridines fused with furoxan ring. In the case of most acidic β-diketones, which exist mainly in the enol form in polar solvents, the reactions proceed in the absence of any added base emphasizing the highly electrophilic character of ANBF. The resulting compounds combine in one molecule NO-donor furoxan ring along with a pharmacologically important 1,4-dihydropyridine fragment and therefore can be considered as prospective platforms for the design of pharmacology-oriented heterocyclic systems.
NUMERICAL MODELING OF UNSATURATED LAYERED SOIL FOR RAINFALL-INDUCED SHALLOW LANDSLIDES
Authors: LIU Chih-Yu , KU Cheng-Yu , XIAO Jing-En , HUANG Chi-Chao , HSU Shih-Meng
Published: December 2017

In this paper, a pioneer study on numerical modeling of rainfall-induced shallow landslides in unsaturated layered soil using the variably saturated flow equation is presented. To model the shallow landslides, the infinite slope stability analysis coupled with the hydrological model with the consideration of the fluctuation of time-dependent pore water pressure and Gardner equation for soil water characteristic curve was developed. A linearization process for the nonlinear Richards equation to deal with groundwater flow in unsaturated layered soil is derived using the Gardner model. To solve one-dimensional flow in the unsaturated zone of layered soil profiles, flux conservation and the continuity of pressure potential at the interface between two consecutive layers are considered in the numerical discretization of the finite difference method. The validity of the proposed model is established in three numerical problems by comparing the results with the analytical and other numerical solutions. Application examples have also been conducted. Obtained results demonstrate that the fluctuation of pore water pressure in unsaturated layered soil dominates slope stability of landslides and the lowest factor of safety may occur at the interface between two consecutive layers. The findings observed in this study are a fundamental contribution to environmental protection engineering for landslides in areas with higher occurrence and vulnerability to extreme precipitation.
DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT AND LEACHABILITY OF BIOMASS WASTE BIOCHAR FOR TRACE METAL (CD, CU AND PB) SPECIATION MODELLING
Authors: MANCINELLI Enrico , BALTRĖNAITĖ Edita , BALTRĖNAS Pranas , MARČIULAITIENĖ Eglė , PASSERINI Giorgio
Published: December 2017

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) interacts with dissolved trace metal affecting their mobility and bioavailability through the formation of DOC–metal complexes. Several types of biochar (BC) produced from slow pyrolysis of wood chips (WC), lignin (LG), and digested sewage sludge at 450 and 700 °C were tested for DOC leaching via batch and up-flow percolation test methods. Trace metal (Cd, Cu, and Pb) speciation modelling in BC eluates was carried out combining measured data (i.e., DOC, ph, temperature, and dissolved trace metal concentrations) with data reported in the literature regarding fractions of DOC that are inert or active (i.e., fulvic acids (FA) and humic acids (HA)) in metal binding. BC from LG (BCLG) and WC (BCWC) at 700 °C released lower cumulative amounts of DOC compared with BC at 450 °C in the range 0.02–0.07% and 0.06–0.09% of total carbon content, respectively. For both pyrolysis temperatures, BCWC exhibited a higher tendency to release DOC compared to BCLG. Speciation modelling results showed the predominance of FA and HA complexes of Cd, Cu, and Pb in all the eluates from BCWC and BCLG irrespective of the inert fractions of DOC or the different fractions of active FA and HA considered.
IMPACT OF DATUM TRANSFORMATION ON LOCAL VARIATIONS OF GEOMETRIC GEOID IN NIGER
Authors: IBRAHIM YAHAYA Salissou , EL BRIRCHI El Hassan , EL AZZAB Driss
Published: December 2017

In this study, we have conducted an investigation on the impact of the coordinates’ transformation on local variations of geometric geoid. The study area is limited by 1°43′12″ to 4°00′37″ East and 13°01′57″ to 14°31′20″ North in the southwest of the Niger Republic. We used 39 network GPS/levelling points es­tablished by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the National Geographic Institute of Niger (IGNN), including the DOPPLER point ANG302/no.65. Using other coordinates of point no. 65 pro­vided by IGNN, we transformed the points into WGS84 and computed a new geometric geoid model. The comparison of the new model with EGM2008 geoid up to d/o 2160 gives the STD of 15 cm and the RMS of 16cm. Local variations of the geometric geoids, were compared to that of EGM2008 geoid. The comparison through basic statistics, trend lines and 3D overlaps, showed a similar trend between the geometric geoid from the transformed coordinates and that of EGM2008. On the contrary, the JICA-IGNN geometric geoid generated an opposite and exaggerated trend. The Jarque-Bera test confirms that the three samples follow a normal distribution at the significance level α = 5%. The equality of variances between EGM2008 and JICA-IGNN geoids has been rejected by the Fisher’s F-Test/two-tailed at α = 10%. However the test confirms the variances equality between EGM2008 and the transformed geometric geoid at α = 5% and α = 10%. The two-tailed Student’s T-Test at α = 5% also confirms the equality of means between EGM2008 geoid and transformed geometric geoid samples.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A DOUBLE SHEAR STANDARD BOLTED CONNECTION CONSIDERING MONOTONIC LOADINGS
Authors: RODRIGUES Mariana Ferreira , CORREIA José , PEDROSA Bruno , DE JESUS Abílio , CARVALHO Bruno , REBELO Carlos , XAVIER José , CALÇADA Rui
Published: December 2017

The behaviour of standard bolted steel connections submitted to monotonic loads, through the use of numerical models, is presented in the current paper. The bolted connections allow speed up constructive processes in an increasingly competitive and globalized world in which the costs are a decisive factor in the development of a project. The use of computational tools in the analysis of bolted connections becomes determinant, mainly for new solutions or solutions less explored in terms of design codes. Throughout the years, bolted connections have been suffering transformations resulting from research activities performed by many authors. Rivets have been replaced by bolts, the main achievement being the pre-stressed bolts. Methodologies based on finite element analyses were proposed for double shear bolted connection. The non-linear behaviour of these connections is investigated and their performances are compared. In the numerical modelling of the bolted connection, linear elastic and elastoplastic analyzes reveal that there are two slip levels associated with local non-linearities caused by the contact pairs, which vary with clamping stresses.
IN SEARCH OF CREATIVE EXPRESSION: THE DIALECTICS OF RACE, POLITICS, AND LITERATURE IN CARIBBEAN DUB POETRY / IEŠKANT KŪRYBINĖS IŠRAIŠKOS: RASĖS, POLITIKOS IR LITERATŪROS DIALEKTIKA KARIBŲ DUB ŽANRO POEZIJOJE
Authors: DORCHIN Uri
Published: December 2017

This article examines dub poetry as an artistic form located along several borderlines, both spatial and cultural. Formulated by poets of African descent, the creative language of dub poets was often conceptualized through the framework of identity politics and an anti-colonial approach. Yet from the 1980s, dub poetry became institutionalized simultaneously within the pop culture industry and in “respectable” venues such as academic research, a process that calls its initial political orientation into question. In light of its differentiated formations, audiences, mediating devices, and forms of reception, however, we might view and evaluate dub poetry not exclusively through the prism of political speech, but also as a cultural form. Based on texts, recordings and performance analysis this article is a call to acknowledge dub poetry, and artistic expression in general, as the result of aesthetic decisions rather than exclusively moral ones.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Vasiliauskaitė Nida
Published: December 2017

"Editorial." Creativity Studies, 10(2), pp. 109–110
Meeting the Cool Neighbors. XII. An Optically Anchored Analysis of the Near-infrared Spectra of L Dwarfs
Authors: Cruz Kelle L. , Núñez Alejandro , Burgasser Adam J. , Abrahams Ellianna , Rice Emily L. , Reid I. Neill , Looper Dagny
Published: December 2017

Discrepancies between competing optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectral typing systems for L dwarfs have motivated us to search for a classification scheme that ties the optical and NIR schemes together, and addresses complexities in the spectral morphology. We use new and extant optical and NIR spectra to compile a sample of 171 L dwarfs, including 27 low-gravity β and γ objects, with spectral coverage from 0.6–2.4 μm. We present 155 new low-resolution NIR spectra and  19 new optical spectra. We utilize a method for analyzing NIR spectra that partially removes the broad-band spectral slope and reveals similarities in the absorption features between objects of the same optical spectral type. Using the optical spectra as an anchor, we generate near-infrared spectral average templates for L0–L8, L0–L4γ, and L0–L1β type dwarfs. These templates reveal that NIR spectral morphologies are correlated with the optical types. They also show the range of spectral morphologies spanned by each spectral type. We compare low-gravity and field-gravity templates to provide recommendations on the minimum required observations for credibly classifying low-gravity spectra using low-resolution NIR data. We use the templates to evaluate the existing NIR spectral standards and propose new ones where appropriate. Finally, we build on the work of Kirkpatrick et al. to provide a spectral typing method that is tied to the optical and can be used when only H or K band data are available. The methods we present here provide resolutions to several long-standing issues with classifying L dwarf spectra and could also be the foundation for a spectral classification scheme for cloudy exoplanets.
Phase Relations between the Sunspot Numbers and Total Solar Irradiance
Authors: Xu J. C. , Xie J. L. , Qu Z. N.
Published: December 2017

Understanding the effect of sunspot activities on the variations in the total solar irradiance (TSI) is essential for the interpretation of the variability of TSI as well as its reconstruction. Phase relations between the sunspot numbers (SN) and two TSI composite data are investigated. It is found that TSI and SN are positively correlated, and the former lags the latter by about 29 days, which is approximately a solar rotation period; analyses of the data sets in the four individual cycles show that in cycles 21, 23, and 24, TSI lags SN by 28.9–30.3 days, while in cycle 22, the lag is only 21.8–22.3 days. The abnormality in cycle 22 is probably caused by its stronger magnetic field in sunspots compared with its adjacent cycles. The nonlinearity between TSI and SN is confirmed and explained with the different behavior and effect of spots, faculae, and magnetic network. Based on the cross-wavelet transform and wavelet coherence analysis, a common periodicity between TSI and SN at the timescale of the solar cycle is clearly revealed; at timescales longer than about four years, high values of coherence above the 95% confidence level together with a strong phase synchronization feature are exhibited. At timescales shorter than three rotational periods, the relation between TSI and SN indicates low correlations and a noisy behavior with strong phase mixing due to the lifetime of spots and faculae; moreover, if the short-term effect of spots and faculae is smoothed out, then their coherence reaches high values in partial areas at periods from three rotations to about four years.
New Insights in the Mid-infrared Bubble N49 Site: A Clue of Collision of Filamentary Molecular Clouds
Authors: Dewangan L. K. , Ojha D. K. , Zinchenko I.
Published: December 2017

We investigate the star formation processes operating in a mid-infrared bubble N49 site that harbors an O-type star in its interior, an ultracompact H ii region, and a 6.7 GHz methanol maser at its edges. The 13CO line data reveal two velocity components (at velocity peaks ∼88 and ∼95 km s−1) in the direction of the bubble. An elongated filamentary feature (length >15 pc) is investigated in each molecular cloud component, and the bubble is found at the interface of these two filamentary molecular clouds. The Herschel temperature map traces all these structures in a temperature range of ∼16–24 K. In the velocity space of 13CO, the two molecular clouds are separated by ∼7 km s−1, and are interconnected by a lower-intensity intermediate velocity emission (i.e., a broad bridge feature). A possible complementary molecular pair at [87, 88] km s−1 and [95, 96] km s−1 is also observed in the velocity channel maps. These observational signatures are in agreement with the outcomes of simulations of the cloud–cloud collision process. There are also noticeable embedded protostars and Herschel clumps distributed toward the filamentary features including the intersection zone of the two molecular clouds. In the bubble site, different early evolutionary stages of massive star formation are also present. Together, these observational results suggest that in the bubble N49 site, the collision of the filamentary molecular clouds appears to be operated about 0.7 Myr ago, and may have triggered the formation of embedded protostars and massive stars.
À propos du trépied en bronze de Berlin (Antikensammlung Fr. 768) et des fouilles en Lucanie au XIX e siècle
Authors: Zambon Alessia
Published: December 2017

Le célèbre trépied archaïque en bronze ayant appartenu à la collection Pourtalès‑Gorgier et conservé dans l’Antikensammlung (Fr. 768) de Berlin est considéré comme provenant de la colonie achéenne de Métaponte, sans que d’autres informations sur son contexte d’origine soient connues. On trouve toutefois mention de cet objet à la fois dans des documents de « l’Archivio di Stato » de Potenza et dans les publications de deux érudits du xix e  s. : le voyageur et écrivain suisse Charles Didier et l’archéologue Andrea Lombardi. D’après ces sources, l’objet fut découvert en 1825 par des fouilleurs clandestins d’Anzi dans une tombe située, selon des témoignages discordants, soit à Anzi soit à Castronuovo Sant’Andrea. Cet article essaie d’expliquer cette contradiction par l’analyse des différentes informations disponibles. Il apparaît ainsi que le contexte d’origine du trépied doit désormais être déplacé de la colonie grecque de Métaponte vers un site indigène de l’arrière‑pays lucanien, au sein d’une élite locale fortement hellénisée.
Les outils du contrôle de gestion : des vecteurs de valeurs pour l’organisation publique ?
Authors: Dreveton Benjamin
Published: December 2017

Cette recherche analyse le rôle des outils du contrôle de gestion dans le déploiement de nouvelles valeurs pour l’action publique. Pour les tenants du New Public Management , l’implantation des outils de contrôle vise à transplanter des valeurs privées dans l’organisation publique. Notre recherche explore ce processus de transfert en étudiant le projet de construction d’un Balanced Scorecard dans une agence publique. Fondée sur l’analyse secondaire d’une recherche-intervention, cette étude caractérise le rôle des outils de gestion au cours des processus d’instrumentation de l’action publique. La recherche montre que le maintien d’une tension entre des valeurs opposées dans l’outil est un facteur du succès de son implantation.
Des névroses à une nouvelle cure des âmes : C. G. Jung et la refonte du patient thérapeutique
Authors: Shamdasani Sonu , Lacour Laurence
Published: December 2017

Cet article s’attache à montrer comment, à partir de la Première Guerre Mondiale, C. G. Jung reformula ses procédés thérapeutiques sur la base de son auto-expérimentation. Ce faisant, il transforma les visées de la psychothérapie, celle-ci ne se limitant plus au seul traitement des pathologies mais visant à un accroissement du développement psychique et spirituel, ce qui l’amena à proposer une vision nouvelle de l’humanité. L’article étudie une série de cas de Jung et démontre comment il reformula « l’offre » de la psychothérapie, comment des individus s’en saisirent et comment cela contribua à mettre en forme le rôle social du « patient thérapeutique ».
Du mythe au Livre Rouge en passant par la philosophie
Authors: Liard Véronique
Published: December 2017

L’article retrace la relation d’une universitaire spécialiste de littérature germanophone avec l’œuvre de Carl Gustav Jung. Quand on s’intéresse aux mythes et aux symboles, on en arrive tôt ou tard à étudier les réflexions puissantes de cet homme d’une immense culture. Une thèse d’habilitation sur Jung Kulturphilosoph , parue en 2007, comblait à l’époque une lacune dans la recherche sur Jung. L’étude montre l’influence des philosophes (du XVII e au début du XX e siècle) sur la pensée de Jung et la compare avec les idées de certains de ses contemporains afin de dégager la particularité de la solution jungienne face au malaise de l’Occident et de la psyché humaine. La traduction du Livre Rouge fut une aventure exceptionnelle entre tourbillon hypnotique, découverte artistique et réflexion traductologique. Celle de la correspondance entre Jung et Neumann a soulevé entre autres la question restée en suspens de la fascination qu’exerça le nazisme sur Jung. Malgré l’intérêt manifeste du public pour ces ouvrages, Jung demeure un des mal-aimés de l’Université française. La psychologie jungienne est largement considérée comme « non scientifique » et Jung lui-même comme une victime d’un dérèglement psychique. Néanmoins, bon nombre d’étudiants lisent Jung et sont curieux d’en savoir plus sur lui.
En empathie transférentielle avec C. G. Jung
Authors: Pilard Nathalie
Published: December 2017

L’intuition est d’abord envisagée historiquement sous la forme de l’empathie transférentielle dans la pratique analytique depuis les premières explorations de l’inconscient – ainsi nommé depuis le milieu du XIX e siècle – et du « rapport », jusqu’aux pratiques transférentielles freudiennes et jungiennes. L’empathie jungienne est contextualisée dans une tradition qu’on pourrait nommer puységurienne et opposer à la tradition mesmérienne. Puis l’œuvre posthume jungienne (ses Ma vie. Souvenirs, rêves et pensées et son Livre Rouge ) apporte à l’intuition sa dimension mythique, son ouverture à l’inconscient collectif par le mythe que Jung dit « vécu ». Il ne s’agit plus seulement d’ Anschauung , qui veut dire « intuition », mais de Mythosanschauung , d’un vécu présent, tangible, du mythe.
« Jung croyait-il en la réincarnation ? » Réponse à une amie
Authors: Dorly Claire
Published: December 2017

Le rapport de Jung à la notion orientale de réincarnation est brièvement abordé en notant le glissement qu’il opère vers la sphère psychique.
De quelques singularités de la pensée et de la pratique jungiennes en psychanalyse
Authors: Gaillard Christian
Published: December 2017

Dans ces pages, l’auteur s’attache à dire le défaut d’orthodoxie et l’excentricité qui marquent la psychanalyse jungienne dès ses origines, et jusqu’à nos jours. D’où, montre-t-il, son polycentrisme et les différentes orientations de son développement contemporain autour d’une même expérience, celle d’un rapport à l’inconscient vécu et pensé comme une réalité vive, largement autochtone et autonome, et volontiers scénarisé. D’où trois défis à relever : penser cette psychanalyse aujourd’hui, se vivre dans les différentes temporalités qui nous constituent, former les analystes de demain, en particulier ceux qui qui se trouvent dans des histoires et des contextes autres que les nôtres.
C. G. Jung et l’étude de la psychologie analytique en Corée du sud
Authors: Seongminne Kim
Published: December 2017

L’intérêt porté à l’œuvre de Jung est élevé en Corée du sud. L’auteur expose l’état des lieux tant sur les plans institutionnels que dans les domaines de la diffusion de l’œuvre, de la formation et de la recherche en psychologie analytique dans ce pays.
Le pôle négatif de l’archétype de l’Enfant questionné à travers une relecture de Réponse à Job de Jung
Authors: Pilyser Ève
Published: December 2017

À travers une relecture de Réponse à Job , articulée à des éléments transgénérationnels de la vie de Jung, l’auteure poursuit son étude du complexe d’Œdipe sur son versant parental projeté, ou contre-Œdipe. Elle interroge la constellation de l’archétype de l’enfant sur le pôle négatif qualifié de diabolique par opposition à celui, positif, de l’enfant divin, tel que défini par Jung, ainsi que son impact éventuel sur les organisations psychiques dites états-limites.
Refuser l’impôt, définir le bien commun
Authors: Renault Rachel
Published: December 2017

Cet article examine les formes pratiques de l’antifiscalisme et les discours qui les justifient en Allemagne au XVIII e  siècle du point de vue des contribuables ordinaires, qui ne sont pas représentés dans des assemblées d’états. En refusant l’impôt, ils interrogent plusieurs des fondements essentiels du corps impérial dans son entier, et redéfinissent leur propre place en tant que sujets. Refuser l’impôt apparaît comme l’une des manières de conquérir dans les faits un droit de consentement et de refus qui, au-delà de l’impôt, s’étend à l’autorité politique en général. En mettant en œuvre des actions collectives contestataires, en réclamant transparence de l’information financière, équité de la répartition fiscale et consentement à l’impôt, les sujets font ingérence dans des affaires financières que leurs autorités s’efforcent de soustraire à leur emprise. Ces refus rendent possible l’émergence d’espaces publics à la fois fragmentés et conflictuels, et aboutissent à une lutte pour la définition du partage des prérogatives entre gouvernants et gouvernés. La contestation antifiscale, réinsérée dans la continuité des temps « chauds » et « froids », apparaît ainsi comme un lieu primordial de la réélaboration des droits politiques du sujet, précisément par ceux qui sont en principe exclus du droit à les définir, et de leur ingérence, presque par effraction, dans l’espace public légitime.