bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI OPINI AUDIT GOING CONCERN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Pradesa Endar
Published: October 2022

This study aims to influence profitability, sales growth, market valuation, company size, and audit quality to going concern audit opinion. The population in this study are all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2014-2017. The type of research in the research is quantitative research. The sampling technique used is a proposive sample and the selection of 69 units of company analysis. Models of analysis that are practical logistic regression. Audit quality was measured using the kaznik accrual discretionary model (1999). The result of the research shows that firm size has an effect on going concern audit opinion, while profitability, sales growth, market value, and audit quality have an effect on going concern audit opinion.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS AUDIT: STUDI PADA AUDITOR INSPEKTORAT PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Sevtiandary Ranny
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is (1) to analyze the influence the effect of independence on audit quality, (2) to analyze the influence the effect motivation on audit quality, (3) to analyze the influence the effect commitment on audit quality, (4) to analyze the influence the effect experience on audit quality and (5) to analyze the influence the effect competence on audit quality. The data used is the primary data obtained from the questionnaire distributed to the auditor of the Provincial of Bengkulu. The method used is a multiple linear analysis. The results of this study indicate that independence and competence affect audit quality. However, commitmen, motivation, and experience have no effect to audit quality.
NON DEBT TAX SHIELD, BIAYA CSR, KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, KOMITE AUDIT DAN TINDAKAN PENGHINDARAN PAJAK OLEH BANK YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini
Published: October 2022

This study aims to find empirical evidence on the influence of non-debt tax shield, corporate social responsibility costs, independent commissioners and audit committees on corporate tax avoidance measures. Population in this study are all banking companies listed on the Stock Exchange 2011-2015. The type of research used in this study is empirical research. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Based on sampling through purposive sampling, then obtained as many as 30 samples of banking companies with a total of 89 research observations. The results of this study found that non-debt tax shield, independent commissioners and audit committee have a positive effect on tax avoidance measures. While the cost of corporate social responsibility negatively affect the action of tax evasion company.
MANAJEMEN LABA, PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN BANK, DEWAN KOMISARIS DAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Putri Elsya Septiani
Published: October 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of Earnings Management, Profitability, Bank Size, and Board of Commissioners Size on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The sample of this study consisted of 8 Sharia Commercial Banks registered in the Indonesian Sharia Banking Statistics. Testing the hypothesis in this study using multiple linear regression analysis by following the autoregressive process of order 1 or AR (1) which is estimated simultaneously using the Eviews application. The results of this study indicate that earnings management has a positive effect on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), while profitability, bank size, and board size do not affect Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN NON KEUNGAN DENGAN KUALITAS AUDIT SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Pertiwi Dinal Eka
Published: October 2022

This study aims to prove the effect of audit committee characteristics on the quality of financial statements and prove that audit quality affects and strengthens the relationship between audit committee characteristics and the quality of financial statements.The population of this study was non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The selection sample was done by purposive sampling method based on inclusion criteria. Hypothesis testing in this research used linear regression analysis.The results showed that there was no association between the audit committee characteristics with persistence, predictability, the number of the audit committee expertise, and the number of the audit committee meeting. Furthermore, the commissioner independent had an effect on conservatism. The number of the audit committee expertise and the number of the audit committee meeting with the financial report timeline were correlated. In addition, big four as moderation had an association with the audit committee meeting number and conservatism, which had a big impact on strengthening the correlation between the number of the audit committee meeting and conservatism.
PENGARUH KUALITAS AUDIT, CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA
Authors: Gunawansyah Hendri
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to prove the influence of audit quality, corporate governance and leverage on earnings management by using independent variables audit qulity, corporate governace (independent board, audit committees and ownership managerial) and leverage. The sampel in this study in a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia stock exchange in 2010-2015 and consisted 50 companies. The data used secodary data obtained from financial from the website www.idx.co.id. Data was analyzed using multiple linear regression.The results indecated that The audit quality had notsignifikan influence on earnings management, The board commissioners had not signifikan influence on eranings management, The audit committe had a positif no signifikan on earnings management, The managerial ownership had a positif no signifikan on earnings management, The leverage had not influence on earnings management.
Penggunaan Analog Digital Converter (ADC) untuk Kalibrasi Pada Alat Pendeteksi Telur Ayam
Authors: Rozaq Imam Abdul
Published: October 2022

Telur merupakan kebutuhan makanan yang bergizi, harga terjangkau dan mudah didapat, akan tetapi untuk menjaga kualitas telur perlu penyortiran telur yang  baik dan telur jelek. Untuk mempermudah pemilihan telur baik dan jelek maka digunakan alat pendeteksi telur jelek dengan memanfaatkan teknologi Analog Digital Conveter (ADC). Tujuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan penggunaan ADC dapat dengan baik memberikan informasi telur baik dan telur jelek. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Research and Development, dengan memanfaatkan ADC dan mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan ADC dalam penentuan telur baik dan jelek. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Pembacaan ADC pada Light Dependent Resistance (LDR) yang dibandingkan dengan tegangan akan menghasilkan semakin tinggi tegangan akan semakin tinggi nilai ADC-nya. Nilai korelasi antara ADC LDR dengan tegangan 0,95,  maksimal tingkat kesalahan pembacaan pada alat ini adalah  0,02% dan waktu minimal yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai nilai akurat adalah 2 detik.
Penentuan Menu Makanan Pada Penderita Obesitas dengan Metode Fuzzy Multiple Attribut Decision Making
Authors: Aprilia Rima , Panjaitan Dedy Juliandri , Rollingka Hema Pebria
Published: October 2022

Makanan merupakan salah satu kebutuhan kita untuk hidup, makanan yang kita makan akan berubah menjadi energi,agar kita dapat beraktifitas sehari –hari. Setiap orang membutuhkan energi yang berbeda- beda, semakin banyak kegiatan, maka semakin banyak di butuhkan asupan energi, tetapi bagaimana jika, orang tersebut tidak butuh banyak energi, tapi mengkonsumsi makanan yang menghasilkan energi yang banyak, hal ini yang akan menyebabkan penimbunan lemak, karena tidak dirubah menjadi energi, sehingga mengakibatkan obesitas. Fuzzy Multiple Attribut Decision Making dapat di aplikasikan kedalam pemilihan menu makanan terutama untuk penderita obesitas, dengan menggabungkan dengan metode Simple Additing Weight, sehingga dapat menghasilkan ranking dari menu makanan yang baik dimakan dan tidak baik dimakan. Formulasinya, dapat diaplikasikan pada kehidupan sehari –hari dan menjadi referensi untuk penderita obesitas.
Influencia del marketing interno en la satisfacción y productividad de los colaboradores del sector retail.
Authors: Chuchuca-Sanchez Ginger , Morocho-Palomino Jessica , Villavicencio-Rodas María , Feijoo-Jaramillo Irene
Published: October 2022

El marketing interno es un conjunto de técnicas y estrategias que hansido adoptadas estos últimos años por las empresas para mejorar la relación consus clientes internos, es así que, mantener satisfechos a los colaboradores en supuesto de trabajo, aumenta su nivel productivo y el compromiso laboral con laempresa. El objetivo de este estudio, es analizar si las actividades de Marketinginterno influyen significativamente en la satisfacción laboral y esta a su vez influyeen la productividad y compromiso de los colaboradores de empresas del sectorretail; En este caso se empleó un tipo de estudio cuantitativo, que hizo posiblepercibir la relación que existen entre las variables mencionadas. Los datos serecolectaron mediante una encuesta aplicada a una muestra por conveniencia de280 colaboradores de empresas del sector retail en la ciudad de Machala. Losresultados muestran que la variable Marketing interno está relacionada de manerapositiva y significativa con la satisfacción del colaborador, y esta a su vez, tiene unarelación significativa con el compromiso organizacional y la productividad. Loshallazgos son de gran utilidad para los profesionales de marketing y gerentes delsector minorista que están en busca de mejorar el rendimiento, la productividad y elcompromiso de sus empleados, con el fin de brindar servicios de calidad a losconsumidores.
Efecto antibacteriano de aceites esenciales de cítricos en jabones de aceite vegetal reciclado
Authors: Guananga-Díaz Nelly , Guananga-Diaz Freddy , Luna-Logroño Nelly , Sánchez-Rosero Angélica
Published: October 2022

Objetivos: elaborar jabones en barra para ropa con aceite vegetal usado, con aroma aceptable, eficientes en la limpieza, y seguros microbiológicamente con la adición de aceites esenciales de cascaras de cítricos como antimicrobianano.  
Métodos y resultados: Se elaboraron 4 formulaciones de jabón en barra por triplicado con la reacción de saponificación, la extracción de los aceites esenciales de cascaras frescas de cítricos se hizo por hidrodestilación en olla de presión y con tubo de cohobación. Se hicieron análisis fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos de los jabones elaborados y se compararon con los de los jabones comerciales, además de analizar la calidad en cuanto a la remoción de la suciedad, color, textura, y aroma. 
 Conclusiones: El aceite esencial de cascaras de limón en barra de jabón mostro mayor efectividad contra los microorganismos, seguido por el aceite esencial de naranja y el de menor efectividad el aceite de mandarina, hay mayor efectividad contra bacterias y menor efectividad contra mohos y levaduras. Los jabones en barra de aceite vegetal reciclado elaborados se clasifican en Tipo III y Tipo Combinados, tienen buena presentación, aroma y eficiencia en el lavado, con formación de espuma similar a los jabones comerciales.
On the Two-envelope Paradox
Authors: Palii I.
Published: October 2022

The two-envelope paradox is explained from the standpoint of the axiomatic construction of probability spaces. The probabilities of events and the numerical characteristics of random variables should be calculated after constructing the probability space. If we correctly define the space of elementary outcomes Ω, correctly set the probabilities of elementary outcomes if Ω is a finite or countable set, correctly determine the distribution laws of the random variables under consideration, if Ω is a set of continuum, the paradox disappears. For each probabilistic space, a different answer is obtained to the question of which of the players benefits from the exchange of envelopes, or whether this exchange does not bring benefits to any of the players.
Study of Artemisia kobstanica Sesquiterpene Lactones
Authors: Aleskerova A. , Jahangirova I. , Kerimli E. , Serkerov S.
Published: October 2022

Sesquiterpene lactones of wormwood Artemisia kobstanica Rzazade from the flora of Azerbaijan were studied for the first time. Three sesquiterpene lactones, C15H18O3, m. p. 171–172 °C (1), C15H20O4, m. p. 124–126 °C (2), C15H18O4, m. p. 202–203 °C (3). Based on physicochemical and spectral (IR and 1H NMR spectra) data, lactones 1 and 3 were identified with α-santonin and artemisinin, respectively. Substance 2 turned out to be new, for the first time isolated from the studied species of wormwood by merezolid. Based on the data obtained from the interpretation of IR and 1H NMR spectra, the structure of 3-keto-4,5-epoxy-8β, 7α, 11βH-germacr-10,15-ene-8,12-olide was proposed to it.
Mulberry Pests in Azerbaijan Conditions
Authors: Ismailova G.
Published: October 2022

A list of mulberry pests (Moraceae, Morus L.) recorded in Azerbaijan is presented. The pest complex includes 70 species. In the taxonomic structure of the pest complex the largest number of species belongs to the representatives of the class Arachnida (26 species), of which 18 species (27.8.0%) belong to Mesostigmata and 8 species (11.1%) to Trombidiformes. Representatives of the class Insecta are distributed as follows: 10 (13.9%) species to order Coleoptera, 26 species (36.1%) species to Hemiptera, 7 (9.7%) species to Lepidoptera. 1 species recorded (1.4%) belongs to the class Gastropoda of the phylum Mollusca. As a result of the research, 5 new species of adventive mulberry pests were recorded for the first time in Azerbaijan, all of them belong to different families of the order Hemiptera: Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius, 1798), Coccidae — Indian wax scale; Orosanga japonica (Melichar, 1898), Ricaniidae — leafhopper butterfly,Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830), Flatidae — white cicada, Aleuroclava aucubae (Kuwana, 1911), Aleyrodidae aucuba whitefly, Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855), Pentatomidae — brown marmorated stink bug. The article provides a map of the collection areas, which was compiled using the Arc Map 10.5 (2020) program.
Helminth Fauna of Sheep and Goats (Kazakh-Tovuz and Ganja-Dashkesan Economic Regions, Azerbaijan)
Authors: Hasanova A.
Published: October 2022

In 2013-21 helminthological research of sheep and goats in the Kazakh-Tovuz and Ganja-Dashkesan economic regions of Azerbaijan was conducted, and 52 species of helminths were found. Of these, 6 species are recorded for the studied region for the first time. All found species registered in sheep, while in goats only 32 species were found, which are common with the helminth fauna of sheep. These types of helminths can be considered permanent elements of the helminth fauna complex of small ruminants in the studied region. It has been established that young sheep and goats are slightly infected with helminths. Infestation of the animals with helminths was higher in late spring — early summer and early autumn, 18 species of helminths are absent in the studied animals before being driven to summer pastures, but they are noted after returning to winter quarters. Among the found helminths, 7 species have the greatest epizootological significance.
Failure of Pelvic Floor Muscles in Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Subanova N. , Stakeeva Ch. , Subanova G. , Kadyrbekova A. , Kenzhebaeva G.
Published: October 2022

To date, the problem of genital prolapse remains relevant due to the high incidence of this disease. Prolapse today is becoming one of the serious problems of gynecology, attention to which is increasing every year. In modern domestic and foreign literature, there are quite contradictory data on the frequency of pelvic organ prolapse (from 4.5 to 30% in the population). In recent years, a significant increase in the number of patients suffering from genital prolapse has been recorded worldwide. It is known that not all women who have anatomical changes in the supporting apparatus of the pelvic floor seek medical help. This article discusses the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse, identified by questioning and, further, confirmed during a gynecological examination. The questionnaire has a proven effectiveness in detecting the disease in its early stages. In the structure of complaints, according to the survey, more than half of women with genital prolapse (62.3%) noted urinary incontinence. Dyspareunia bothered 52.2% of women, pelvic pain — 48.3% of the respondents. The article presents a number of functional tests that provide early diagnosis of genital prolapse and the choice of an appropriate approach in the treatment of this pathology.
Our Experience in the Treatment of Bleeding From Esophageal and Gastric Varices in Patients With Hepatic Cirrhosis
Authors: Mamakeev K. , Kudaibergenov T. , Niyazov B. , Dinlosan O. , Egenbaev R.
Published: October 2022

An analysis of the results of conservative and surgical treatment of bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices in patients with hepatic cirrhosis over a 10-year period is presented. The results obtained indicate unsatisfactory results of conservative treatment due to the use of expectant conservative tactics, low surgical activity in relation to the treatment and prevention of esophageal-gastric bleeding. Early performance of surgical interventions according to the proposed combined method allows to improve the results of treatment in patients with sub- and decompensated stages of hepatic cirrhosis.
Meal Patterns for Vegetarians
Authors: Evseev A.
Published: October 2022

Presented in the paper are three eating patterns for various types of vegetarians. Meal pattern no. 1 stresses the vitality of the replacement of the lack of vitamins and minerals associated with the strict vegan diet. Meal pattern no. 2 emphasizes the inclusion of foods to reduce the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the daily lacto-vegetarian diet. As well as that meal pattern no. 2 increases methionine and tryptophane in human blood. Meal pattern no. 3 intended for lacto-ovo-vegetarians is a balanced diet dominated by complex carbohydrates and an increased level of antioxidants in the diet.
Energy-efficient Non-autoclave Aerated Concrete Based on Local Silica Raw Materials From Production Wastes
Authors: Asanalieva Zh.
Published: October 2022

Presents the results of studies (research) on the use of silica raw materials from the production waste of refinement tailings of antimony ores (or antimony ores refinement tailings) and basalt fiber waste, their influence on the quality characteristics of non-autoclave aerated concrete.
Possibilities of Economic Development of Regions Through Connecting “Leading Entrepreneurs” to Mahallas
Authors: Gafurov B.
Published: October 2022

This article scientifically analyzes the issues of effective usage of the opportunities of economic development of mahallas, which is considered as a micro-region of the country, in ensuring the well-being of the population. Factors that negatively affect the economic development of the neighborhood have been identified. Also, a scientific study was conducted on ways to improve the income of mahalla residents and increase the well-being of the population by connecting the citizens who want to start their business to the “leading entrepreneurs” who have achieved positive results and are conducting stable business activities in the mahalla or region. At the same time, according to the results of the research, reasonable proposals and recommendations were developed to increase the opportunities for economic development of the regions by attaching “leading entrepreneurs” to mahallas.
Environmental Security
Authors: Erlygina E.
Published: October 2022

The paper considers the main factors of ensuring environmental security. The classification of environmental pollution is presented. The reasons leading to environmental problems are considered.
Constitutional and Legal Regulation of the Economic Development of Kyrgyzstan as Part of USSR
Authors: Bakalbaev Z.
Published: October 2022

The article briefly discusses the main stages of the constitutional and legal regulation of the economic development of Kyrgyzstan as a national-territorial autonomy within RSFSR, and then as a union republic during the existence of the Soviet Union.
Criminal Determination and Causality of Involvement of Minors in the Commission of Crimes
Authors: Sizeva A.
Published: October 2022

In the article, the author identifies and analyzes the main causes and conditions that contribute to the commission of crimes against minors, as examples, legal practice related to the involvement of minors in the commission of crimes is given.
The Main Problems of Cognitive Linguistics
Authors: Ashurova D.
Published: October 2022

The article highlights the main problems of cognitive linguistics, its goals, object and subject of research, theoretical and methodological principles, based on the analysis of scientific works of famous scientists who have made a significant contribution to the development of cognitive science. The theoretical and methodological basis of cognitive linguistics is based on such influential theories as frame semantics, conceptual semantics, prototype theory, the theory of relevance, the theory of cognitive models and cognitive metaphor, the theory of mental spaces. The main principles of cognitive linguistics are anthropocentrism, interdisciplinarity and recognition of the cognitive and communicative functions of the language as the main ones. The main problems of cognitive linguistics are the problems of knowledge structures’ representation, the verbalization of concepts and their typology, the cognitive-discursive approach to the analysis of language units and text, the method of cognitive modeling, etc.
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK DAN TINGKAT PERKEMBANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDES) DI KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG, BANTEN
Authors: Hidayah Ulul
Published: October 2022

Diperlukan optimalisasi potensi kawasan perdesaan di Kabupaten Pandeglang untuk meningkatkan pembangunan dan mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan penduduk. Pengembangan potensi lokal diperlukan untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi di kawsaan perdesaan. Salah upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah melalui pendirian dan pengelolaan BUMDes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik dan tingkat perkembangan BUMDes di Kabupaten Pandeglang. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan indeks komposit. Analisis deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk memberikan gambaran karakteristik BUMDes di Kabupaten Pandeglang. Sedangkan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat perkembangan BUMDes dilakukan dengan analisis indeks komposit. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Dinas Pembangunan Masyarakat dan Desa Kabupaten Pandeglang. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa karakteristik BUMDes di Kabupaten Pandeglang beragam dilihat dari kontribusi terhadap PADes, modal, omzet, profit, jumlah karyawan, usia, serta jumlah dan jenis unit usaha. Sebagain besar tingkat perkembangan BUMDes termasuk dalam kategori rendah dan sedang. Dan sekitar 57 BUMDes termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dengan karakteristik berikut telah berdiri lebih dari 5 tahun, memiliki jumlah karyawan rata-rata 9 orang, memiliki lebih dari 2 unit usaha dan memiliki rata-rata profil lebih dari 5 juta per tahun.
Descriptive analysis of central line-associated bloodstream infections in a pediatric hematology–oncology unit in Montevideo, Uruguay
Authors: Morosini Fabiana , Silveira Anaulina , Irigoyen Beatriz , Homsi Maysam R. , Castillo Luis , Caniza Miguela A.
Published: October 2022

Background: Central lines are essential for the care of children with cancer. Aims: To determine the risk factors, characteristics, cost of hospital care, and antibiotic use in pediatric oncology patients with central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). Methods: During 2018–2019, we calculated the rate of CLABSIs in our pediatric hematology–oncology unit. Findings: Between 2018 and 2019, we detected 34 CLABSIs at our pediatric hematology–oncology unit. We identified neutropenia as the main risk factor for CLABSI (3.74 infections per 1,000 catheter days vs. 1.15 infections per 1,000 catheter days in patients without neutropenia). Three patients died of septic shock. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, and Pseudomonas species were frequently isolated. The total healthcare cost of the 34 CLABSIs was more than US$1.2 million. Conclusions: CLABSI is an avoidable disease among children with cancer. Investing in CLABSI prevention will save lives and financial resources of the hospital. Preventive measures, surveillance, and reporting the rate of CLABSIs are essential for quality assurance and patient safety during cancer-directed treatment of children.
A Preliminary Study on the Hematology of Freshwater-Reared Seabass/Barramundi, Lates calcarifer
Authors: ANDERSON LG.
Published: October 2022

Thirty juvenile, freshwater-reared seabass/barramundi, Lates calcarifer, were examined for hematological parameters and serum protein levels. The seabass were siblings from an artificial spawning reared in a freshwater recirculating system in Queensland, Australia. Values for hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte count, and total and differential leucocyte counts were determined. There was wide individual variation, particularly in leucocyte values of healthy fish. The morphology and cytochemistry of blood cells are described.
Effect of Preprocess Ice Storage on the Lipid Changes of Japanese Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus japonicus) Mince during Frozen Storage
Authors: REDDY G. VIDYA SAGAR , SRIKAR L.N.
Published: October 2022

Holding of Japanese threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicus) on ice before mincing and freezing resulted in significant changes in peroxide value (PV), free fatty acids (FFA), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) number, salt-soluble proteins (SSP) and flavor scores. During frozen storage, the increase in PV, TBA and FFA correlated significantly (P<0.05) with the decrease in SSP. Further, lipid parameters and SSP influenced the quality of the mince with respect to flavor score (P<0.05) indicating that these parameters are useful for determining the stability of the mince during frozen storage. The quality of frozen stored mince (-l 8 °C) obtained from 0, 3, 5, 11 and 14 d ice-stored Japanese threadfin bream was 'acceptable' up to 138, 120, 86, 62 and 7 d, respectively.
The Effect of Inclusion Level and Time on Digestibility of Starch for Common Carp ( Cyprinus carpio, Cyprinidae)
Authors: APPLEFORD P. , ANDERSON T. A.
Published: October 2022

The effect of the level of inclusion and time on the digestibility of cornstarch for common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Cyprinidae) was determined. Raw cornstarch was included into a casein-based reference diet at four levels of inclusion (IO, 20, 30 and 40%) and digestibility coefficients calculated over two time points (days 6-10 and days 13-17). Starch digestibility was significantly affected by the level of inclusion, being higher at the 30% (90.4%) and 40% (94.2%) inclusion levels than at the 10% (77 .3%) inclusion level. Time had no significant effect on starch digestibility.
The Chemical Composition of Giant Clam (Tridacna gigas) Tissues
Authors: SOUTHGATE P.C.
Published: October 2022

Mantle tissue and adductor muscle from 7.5-year old giant clams, Tridacna gi­gas, were analyzed for their water, protein, fat, fiber, cholesterol and ash contents and their amino acid and fatty acid compositions. Water made up 95.2% and 74.4% of the fresh wet weight of mantle tissue and adductor muscle, respectively. The chemical composition of T. gigas tissues is generally similar to that of other bivalves. Both mantle tissue and adductor muscle had high protein contents of 44.5% and 57.0%, respectively. Both tissues had l ow fat and cholesterol contents of 3.57% and 0.05%, respectively, for mantle tissue and 1.95% and 0.032%, respectively, for adductor muscle. On a wet-tissue basis, the fat and cholesterol contents of T. gigas were sig­nificantly lower than reported for whole tissues of other bivalves. Both tissues contained high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) which made up 45.0% of the total fatty acids in mantle tissue and 45.8% in adductor muscle. As a proportion of the total fatty acids, levels of 20:Sn-3 and 22:6n-3, which are considered important in human nutrition, are lower in T. gigas tissues than reported for some other bivalves.
Development of a Primary Cell Culture from the Caudal Fin of an Indian Major Carp, Labeo rohita (Ham.)
Authors: LAKRA W.S. , BHONDE R.R.
Published: October 2022

A simple and reproducible short-term fish cell culture technique with minimum or no stress to the specimens is described. Gill, scale and fin tissues from eight fish species viz., Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala, Cyprinus carpio, Clarias batrachus, Heteropneustes fossilis, Anabas testudineus and Oreochromis mossambicus, were used to develop primary cell cultures. A primary culture from the caudal fin of L. rohita was successfully obtained on the fourth post-culture day using L-15 medium supplemented with 20% Fetal Calf Serum (FCS) and 20% Fish Muscle Extract (FME) at an incubation temperature of 28-29°C. This experiment could not obtain primary cultures from other fish species and tissues, either due to non-attachment of explants or fungal contamination.
Hormone-Induced Ovulation of Sand Whiting SilIago ciliata
Authors: BATTAGLENE S.C.
Published: October 2022

Sand whiting Sillago ciliata were captured by seine netting ocean beaches. Mature females were given single intraperitoneal injections of 300 IU•kg·1 human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) or 0.5 ml•kg·1 Ovaprim (a synthetic GnRH analog with domperidone). One female and a spermiating male were then placed in 70-1 or 1,000-1 tanks. Both hCG and Ovaprim induced ovulation but not spawning in 38% and 75% of females, respectively (n=S). Females injected with distilled water (n=4) failed to ovulate. Fish were stripped, and the eggs fertilized 32-48 h after injection; mean fertilization was 85.6±15.4% (n=3, mean±SD) and 89.5±12.0% (n=6) in females injected with hCG or Ovaprim, respectively. Tank size had no apparent effect on the number of females that ovulated. A separate experiment was conducted to determine if natu­rally ovulating females could be successfully collected from the wild and stripped. The mean fertilization in naturally ovulating females was 71.0±17.1% (n=4), lower than for Ovaprim-in­jected mature fish colected at the same time (89.5±12.0%, n=2), but higher than in hCG-in­jected fish (32.7±5.5%, n=3). The fertility of eggs from females injected with hCG was higher in the first experiment. Reasons for the different response to hCG between experiments were un­clear, but the results suggest that Ovaprim is a more reliable hormone that hCG for inducing ovulation in sand whiting.
Generation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) Growth Hormone
Authors: CHEN S.L.
Published: October 2022

Monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) directed against grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) growth hormone (gcGH) were generated by the fusion of myeloma cells (SP2/0) with spleen cells from mice that had been immunized with purified gcGH. Hybridomas were cloned by limiting dilution, and screened for McAb production using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Seven positive clones were produced from I 67 clones tested, giving a positive rate of 4.1%. Two hybridoma cell lines were developed and used to produce ascitic fluids. Two McAbs to gcGH, designated 1D289 and 3ESAS, had a titer of about 1:1280000 and reacted specifically with gcGH, and did not react with salmon GH, bovine GH and black silver carp GtH in ELISA. Western blotting showed that gcGH McAbs bound specifically with recombinant common carp GH transferred on nitrocellulose membrane. Immunocytochemistry study showed that McAbs specifically bound to GH cells in proximal pars distalis, and did not bind to cells in rostral pars distalis and pars intermedia.
Effect of Spices on the Biogenic Amine Formation and Other Quality Characteristics of Indian Mackerel During Refrigerated Storage
Authors: SHAKILA R. JEYA
Published: October 2022

The inhibitory effect of certain spices (viz., turmeric, pepper, cardamom, cinnamon and clove) on biogenic amine formation in Indian mackerel during refrigerated storage was studied along with sensory, microbiological and volatile amine changes. No significant difference in total plate count value was observed between control and treated samples except for turmeric (P < 0.05). Spice treatments showed reduction in trimethylamine nitrogen, but not total volatile. base nitrogen. The formation of histamine and other biogenic amines was greatly inhibited by all the spices, and the effect was greater (P < 0.001) in the turmeric, pepper and cardamom treatments.
Utilization of Fish Protein and Oil from the Anchovy Engraulis japonicus
Authors: WANG C.
Published: October 2022

Anchovy Engraulis japonicus, a small unutilized fish, is a rich resource or fish protein and oil. The utilization of anchovy protein and oil was studied. A non-bitter fish protein hydrolysate was prepared by exhaustive hydrolysis with proteolytic enzyme. The end product gained by spray dry was a protein-rich white powder with the appropriate ratio of essential amino acids. The results of a biological evaluation on rats indicated that the hydrolysate had a high nutritive value. The product may be used as a protein supplement. Another non-bitter fish protein hydrolysate was prepared by partial hydrolysis with proteolytic enzyme. The spray-dried product with a seafood flavor may be used as seafood flavoring. Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrates were prepared from anchovy oil by using the urea addition and molecular distillation methods.
Water Quality, Bacterial Counts and Mussel Growth in Four Mussel Culture Areas in the Upper Gulf of Thailand
Authors: DATO CAIEGAS C.R.S. , LIN C.K.
Published: October 2022

Four mussel culture areas in the Upper Gulf of Thailand were monitored for 1.5 years to assess environmental pollution in terms of bacterial levels, water quality and mussel growth. Contamination with bacteria including fecal coliforms was worse in Mae Klong and Chao Phraya estuaries than Ang Sila and Bang Pakong. More serious contamination in those estuaries usually occurred during the rainy season (July-October) and at low tides. Bacterial contamination of mussels occurred 10-40% of the sampling time, whereas the culture water was contaminated 20-55% of the time. Salinity fluctuated (1-35 ppt) during the rainy season, but dissolved oxygen (3.3-9.8 mg•l·1), temperature (26-33°C) and pH (6.5-8.7) were suitable for mussel culture. Obvious eutrophication in the gulf leads to frequent algal blooms, which may have caused the occasional large-scale mussel die-offs. At the four sites, mussel growth in terms of meat weight gain was 8-26% in 1994 and 60-140% in 1995, condition factor was 97-110 (good to excellent), and density settlement was 17-59 cm·1 cross section.
An Outbreak of Aeromonas salmonicida Infection of Ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) in Taiwan
Authors: WANG W.S.
Published: October 2022

We report possibly the first case of Aeromonas salmonicida infection of avu (Plecoglossus altivelis) in Taiwan. The biological characteristics of the isolate indicate that it was 'atypical' A. salmonicida. Antimicrobial sensitivities indicate that the isolate is sensitive to most antimicrobial agents, except sulfasoxazole and nitrofurantoin.
The Toxicity of Five Native Thai Plants to Aquatic Organisms
Authors: CHIAYVAREESAJJA S.
Published: October 2022

Five species or native Thai plants were bioassayed as toxicants against the cladoceran Moina sp., the fishes Oreochromis niloticus and Anabas testudineus, the shrimp Penaeus merguiensis, and the snail Cerithidea cingulata. The 24-h LC50 of each plant to each test species was determined. Diospyros diepenhorstii is the least effective plant extract against all five test organisms, while Maesa ramentacea and Sapindus emarginatus are the most effective plant extracts against Moina sp., 0. niloticus and A. testudineus. The lethal concentrations of all plant extracts to test fish are greater than that to shrimp. Moreover, all plant extracts are more effective against 0. niloticus than A. testudineus. Pittosporum ferrugineum and S. emarginatus have potential against snail pests. Among the five plants, M. ramentacea showed the highest toxicity to 0. niloticus. Toxicity to 0. niloticus or M. ramentacea (15-30 mg,J-1) was about half that of tea seed cake (6-15 mg,J·1). However, improvement of M. ramentacea toxicity is feasible. These results are useful for developing botanical pesticides for selective killing of undesired aquatic organisms.
Retinal Specific Esterases in Thirteen Freshwater Fish Species
Authors: RAJAIAH V. , LAKSHMIPATHI V.
Published: October 2022

Distribution of retinal specific esterases were studied in 13 freshwater fish species belong­ing to the orders Siluriformes, Channiformes, Atheriniformes and Perciformes by thin layer poly­acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The inhibitor sensitivity of the enzymes towards paraoxon, pCMB and eserine was used to classify the individual zones of esterases.
Facet Engineering in Constructing Lewis Acid-Base Pairs for CO
2
Cycloaddition to High Value-Added Carbonates
Authors: Shang Shu , Shao Wei , Luo Xiao , Zuo Ming , Wang Hui , Zhang Xiaodong , Xie Yi
Published: October 2022

Cycloaddition of epoxides with CO
2
to synthesis cyclic carbonates is an atom-economic pathway for CO
2
utilization with promising industry application value, while its efficiency was greatly inhibited for the lack of highly active catalytic sites. Herein, by taking BiOX (

X
=
Cl

, Br) with layered structure for example, we proposed a facet engineering strategy to construct Lewis acid-base pairs for CO
2
cycloaddition, where the typical BiOBr with (010) facets expose surface Lewis acid Bi sites and Lewis base Br sites simultaneously. By the combination of
in-situ
diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and theoretical calculations, the oxygen atom of the epoxide is interacted with the Lewis acid Bi site to activate the ternary ring, then facilitates the attack of the carbon atom by the Lewis base Br site for the ring-opening of the epoxide, which is the rate-determining step in the cycloaddition reaction. As a result, the BiOBr-(010) with rich surface Lewis acid-base pairs showed a high conversion of 85% with 100% atomic economy in the synthesis of cyclic-carbonates without any cocatalyst. This study provides a model structure for CO
2
cycloaddition to high value-added long chain chemicals.
Corporate governance and shareholders’ confidence: A pre-post analysis of corporate governance code 2017 in Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Sajid , Zahid Muhammad , Saad Muhammad , Fayaz Muhammad
Published: October 2022

This study aims to examine the impact of the recently introduced Corporate Governance Code (CGC) of the Security Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) on shareholders' confidence. The four recommendations of the CGC 2017 included in the study are female directors, independent directors, independent chairman of the audit committee, and board size. The study uses a purposive sample of the top 100 companies listed Security Exchange Commission of Pakistan with a plea for better compliance. By employing Ordinary Least Squares with Panel Corrected Standard Errors (OLS-PCSE) to a data collected from annual reports of the sample firms from 2015 to 2019. The SECP code 2017 anticipated that CG dimensions will improve firm performance and shareholders’ confidence. The findings are fairly consistent and robust across two time periods (pre and post), whereas the results show that board diversity increases firm performance in both eras. Besides, the multiple regression results indicate that firm performance is negatively and significantly linked with independent directors. Nevertheless, the results show that board size and independent chairperson of the audit committee do not have a significant impact on firm performance. As these anticipations yet lack empirical support. The findings of this study provide important insights for the regulatory bodies, policymakers, and all other key stakeholders of the public listed companies of Pakistan. The study empirically investigates the recommendations of the CGC 2017 and has originality or value, particularly for the developing countries.
Analisis Perbandingan Pendapatan Pedagang Pakaian Tradisional dengan Pendapatan Bisnis Online
Authors: Frihatni Andi Ayu
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan pedagang pakaian tradisional dan pendapatan bisnis online mahasiswa. Penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan melakukan survei pedagang tradisional dan mahasiswa yang berbisnis online. Teknis analisis data menggunakan uji beda Uji Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa perbedaan antara pendapatan pedagang tradisional dan pendapatan bisnis online mahasiswa terbukti signifikan pada level 0.001. Hasil lanjutan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan omset pada pendapatan mahasiswa yang berbisnis online. Kehadiran bisnis online yang dibuat oleh mahasiswa secara umum berdampak pada penurunan omset pedagang di pasar Lakessi. Terjadinya peralihan sistem pemasaran, membuat pendapatan mahasiswa yang berbisnis online jauh lebih menguntungkan selama pandemi. Perkembangan bisnis online mendorong persaingan pasar bagi kalangan pedagang di pasar tradisional. Namun terhadap produk – produk yang sifatnya sekunder seperti pakaian, pedagang mengeluhkan menurunnya angka penjualan. Oleh karena itu, perkembangan teknologi sangat menguntungkan generasi millennial yang sehari-harinya akrab dengan gadget. Melaui gadget, generasi millennial dapat mengakses dan mengupgrade perkembangan teknologi yang terjadi saat ini dan juga menjadi pemain di dalamnya.
Penerapan Akuntansi Manajemen Lingkungan dalam Meningkatkan Inovasi Produk: Analisis pada Industri Kain Sutera
Authors: Rahmah Syahidah , Tenri Sa'na Andi Nurliana , Muchran Muchriana
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan akuntansi manajemen lingkungan dalam meningkatkan inovasi produk. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari wawancara dengan pengusaha kain sutera dan para pegawai Industri kain sutera kampoeng BNI Kabupaten Wajo, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa Industri kain sutera kampoeng BNI Kabupaten Wajo telah menerapkan akuntansi manajemen lingkungan dan memiliki inovasi produk yang baik. Dengan diterapkannya akuntansi pengelolaan lingkungan di Industri kain sutera kampoeng BNI Kabupaten Wajo, pengelola industri memiliki informasi yang digunakan untuk melakukan pengendalian aktivitas pabrik. Walaupun demikian, industri ini belum menyajikan informasi biaya lingkungan secara spesifik. Selain memberikan informasi bagi pengelola, penerapan akuntansi manajemen lingkungan juga memberikan gagasan kepada pengelola industri untuk melakukan inovasi produk dari hasil limbah industri.
Nasa-TLX and Sofi Methods as a Tool for Measuring Students' Mental Load and Failure During Online Learning Basic Neurology Physiotherapy Courses
Authors: Pasaribu Ida Aryani , Yeni Vera  , Sulaiman  , Sari Ruri Aditya
Published: October 2022

Online lectures are currently being implemented due to the Covid-19 Pandemic. The problem of students who are not accustomed to the demands of independent study due to limited time, facilities, materials and abilities, causes excessive anxiety and panic. This will cause a mental burden that it has an impact on student fatigue which causes a decrease in efficiency, resilience and work capacity. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the mental workload and fatigue of students during online lectures. Measurement of mental workload using the NASA-TLX method and fatigue measurement using SOFI. The results of this study indicate that the mental workload received by students is in the high category while fatigue is in the medium category. Significant differences in average mental load can be seen based on gender, scientific field, study program accreditation, education level, GPA during online lectures, involvement of student activities, online lecture aids, online lecture venues, how to connect to the network, online tuition fees, and the number of hours of online study. Significant differences in average fatigue can be seen based on gender, study program accreditation, education level, online lecture aids, and the number of hours of online study..
Intervención de la comunidad en la construcción de instrumentos curriculares pedagógicos comunitarios
Authors: Sarang-Gualan Luis Alberto , Efstathios Stefos , Ochoa-Encalada Sergio Constantino
Published: October 2022

La Educación Intercultural Bilingüe Comunitaria conquistó terreno a través de la lucha social amparado en los tratados internacionales, la constitución, ley de educación LOEI y el modelo de educación intercultural bilingüe MOSEIB, la propuesta de integración de los actores sociales en la construcción de los instrumentos curriculares de la unidad educativa intercultural bilingüe ABC para viabilizar la investigación. De metodología cualitativa a través de una entrevista con preguntas abiertas al personal docente y autoridades comunitarias la politización, falta de capacitación, materiales pedagógico, seguimiento de las autoridades ocasionan un divorcio total entre los actores involucrados se plantea una interacción transdiciplinaria y cosmotelurico holístico entre los componentes donde se requiere la conformación del ayllu educativo enfocado en la interacción entre los diferentes representantes para solucionar los problemas valiéndose de la asamblea general usando los derechos colectivos, la educación es la vida cosmogónica de un pueblo conviviendo bajo un simbiosis transdimencional único.
Administración educativa y su incidencia en la evaluación institucional de las unidades educativas interculturales
Authors: Kajekai-Juwa Saant Rene , Cárdenas-Cordero Nancy Marcela , Moscoso-Bernal Santiago Arturo
Published: October 2022

La presente investigación busca propender un buen manejo administrativo en las Unidades Educativas Intercultural Bilingües Shuar y conocer los principales enfoques, virtudes y problemas que atraviesa la administración Educativa así como la incidencia en la evaluación institucional, la investigación es descriptiva de cohorte transversal, para recopilar la información se aplicó una encuesta al personal docente y administrativo de una Institución Intercultural Bilingüe de la provincia de Pastaza, donde se obtuvo como principal resultado la necesidad de actualización en los modelos de gestión con miras en propender una calidad educativa, misma que se propone mejorar en base a la aplicación de tres talleres de actualización directiva.
Estrategias didácticas en contexto de pandemia. Experiencias educativas desde la carrera de odontología, Azogues-Ecuador
Authors: Domínguez-Crespo Cristina Soledad , Cabrera-Berrezueta Luis Bolívar
Published: October 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer sobre las experiencias educativas en la carrera de odontología de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca sede Azogues-Ecuador durante la pandemia. La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva. Lo que se espera encontrar será la posible identificación de estrategias didácticas que los docentes aplicaron durante la educación virtual por pandemia, así como también el tipo de recursos que usaron, y finalmente determinar qué retos hallaron estudiantes y docentes en este proceso educativo y cuáles fueron las propuestas que tuvieron para mejorar o mantener las situaciones encontradas.