bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anew Types of Contra Continuity in Bi-Supra Topological Space
Authors: Taha H. Jasim  , Ali A. Shihab  , Shaymaa A. Hameed
Published: April 2023

In this paper we introduce a new class of functions in bi-supra topological space called (contra-i[contra-ii]-continuous, contra-g-i[contra-g-ii]-continuous,contra-gα-i[contra-gα-ii]-continuous, contra-gr-i[contra-gr-ii]-continuous, contra-gb-i[contra-gb-ii]-continuous,  contra-πg-i[contra-πg-ii]-continuous, contra-πgα-i[contra-πgα-ii]-continuous, contra-πgr-i[contra-πgr-ii]-continuouos, contra-πgb-i[contra-πgb-ii]-continuous) and we study the relation among these functions and the composition of these functions. At   last many important theorems are proved.
Regional Exponential Observation and error
Authors: NIHAD SHAREEF KHALAF
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this paper is to provide original results related to the choice of the number of sensors and their supports for distributed parameter systems. We introduce the notion of exponential observation error. We show that, the number and location of sensor may be some interest in the existence of regional exponential observation state.
Determine the Ability of Bacterial Isolates from Urinary Tract Infections on L-Asparginase Production
Authors: Marwa H. AbdAlwahab  , Karkaz M. Thalij
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to isolate and identify the pathogenic bacterial species from urinary tract of patients that reviewers to Tikrit hospital education from tow gender and different age periods. It was also the determination of bacterial species isolated in their ability to production of the L-asparginase enzyme and assay the environmental conditions and the production media ingredients for high concentration of enzyme production. Results showed that 142 samples was positive in microbial isolation (91.64%) from the total study samples that were at 150 samples, and high isolation percentage was from female at 58% and from aged period between 15 to 75 years for two gender. It also found that the species of bacterial E.coli was appear as highest in isolation percentage followed by Citrobacter diversus, Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumonia which was at 54.2, 21.1, 17.6 and 7.04% respectively. The assay of bacterial isolates to L-asparginase produce illustrate that the E.coli species appear as the most production and the isolate no. 3 was the top one at 70.4 IU/ml of media. When the assay of environmental conditions and ingredients combination for media to access for higher production from enzyme, shows that the optimal conditions for production of E.coli-Iso.3 was in development at 35 º c, pH 7.0 for 24 hours with agitation at 150 rpm in the media consists of maltose, L-asparginase, NaCl and KH2PO4 at 10, 100, and 5.0 and 0.75 g/l respectively.
Ability of L-Asparginase Produced from Locally E.coli Isolates on Negative Effect of UV Rays on Laboratory Rabbits
Authors: Marwa H. AbdAlwahab  , Karkaz M. Thalij
Published: April 2023

This study was carried out to illustrate the effective of injected L-asparginase enzyme produced from E.coli isolate at 1 and 2 ml on natural and biochemical blood characterized in laboratory rabbits induced tumor through exposure to UV rays with a wavelength 256 ƞm for 28 days. Results indicated that the exposure to UV arrays from laboratory rabbits have caused an significantly (p< 0.05) reducing the total count of red blood corpuscular RBCs which became at 3.0×106/mm3 and the hemoglobin concentration at 9.1 g/dl compared with the same value at animals control group which was at 6.5x106/mm3 and 13.2 g/dl, respectively, as well as increased the total count of white blood cells WBCs and lymphocytes percentage deposited neutrophils percentage. Also, was caused significantly decline of total protein, albumin and globulin concentration in rabbits plasma and increase its liver enzymes activates for Aspartate amino transferase (AST), Alanine amino transferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which became at 52.3, 48.7 and 207 IU/ml, respectively, compared with the control group values at 32.0, 43.6, 141 IU/ml, respectively. The injection of an L-asparginase enzyme at 1 and 2 ml contains (72 IU/ml) due to inhibition of negative influence of UV rays altered in laboratory rabbits and improved the natural blood picture as red blood corpuscular, white blood cells, proteins parameters and liver enzymes activities significantly to close levels in control group animals. It can be concluded that bacterial isolates from E.coli species were as efficient in the L-asparginase enzyme production and the effectiveness of this enzyme were high in improving physiological parameters of laboratory rabbits exposed to UV rays.
Insects associated with crop plants in and out plastic tunles in Salahaldin Governorate
Authors: Ali H. Al-Tikrity  , Talib O.Al-Khesraji  , Taha H. Jasim
Published: April 2023

The present  study was carried out during December 2011-july 2012 in several areas in salah-aldin governorate to provide information on insect fauna associated with some economic field crops under plastic cover and crops after cover removal .The study also aimed to obtain information  about the chemistry of plant –insect relationship .
A total of 30 insect species from 24 families and 8 orders were collected from the studied crops . more than 30 unidentified insect species in different families and order were also collected from these crops. among collected insects , several insect pests ( ex. Thrips tabaci,  Chrysoperla sp, Myzus persicae, Halictus sp, Hypera postica) insect predates ( ex. Orius albidipennis , Sphegigaster orobanchiae) insect pollinators (ex. Anthophora sp, Halictus sp, Andrena sp) and parasitic insects (ex. Aphidius sp ) were reported .
It was revealed that some insect species occurred on all studied crops (ex. Myzus persicae, Coccinella punctate and Liorhyssys hyolinus) while other insect species were restricted to members of one ( ex. Aphoidius lividus, and Anthophora sp.  on eggplant)  or two plant families ( ex. Anthicus sp, Chrysocharis sp. And  Cryptus sp on cuecrbitaceae  and solanceae ) . some insect species were found only on covered plants ( ex. Cryptus sp, Eucera sp. And  Tachys lucasi) whereas others were found dominant only on uncovered plants (ex. Orius albidipennis,  Aphidius sp and Sphegigaster orobanchiae). However , several insect species were found on both covered and uncovered crops ( ex. Halictus sp, Myzus persicae and Coccinella punctate).
Nutritional and therapeutic effect of Moringa peregrina on lead and cadmium – induced toxicity in rats compared with EDTA
Authors: Feryal F. Hussein AL-Azawi
Published: April 2023

The study was investigated to determine the Therapeutic effect of Moring peregrina (Forssk) seed powder at dose of 75 /mg/kg Bw./day comparis to calcium Disodium Ethylene – Diamine Tetra-Actic Acid CaNa2 EDTA at adose of 75/mg/Kg Bw oral post exposed to lead acetate or cadmium ehloride at adose 50/mg/K Bw orally for 6 weeks. 40 male rats divided into 9 group: G1= no treatment , G2 and G3= treated with lead or cadmium , G4= exposed to lead acetate for 6ws then M. peregrina for 2ws , G5= exposed to cadmium for 6ws then M. Peregrina for 2ws , G6 and G7= exposed to lead or cadmium for 6ws then CaNa2 EDTA for 2ws , G8 and G9 = exposed to lead or cadmium for 6ws then M. peregrina + CaNa2 EDTA . Results showed significant decrease (P≤ 0.05) in weight gain of rat in (G2 , G3 , G6 , G7 , G8 , G9).a Significant decrease (G4 and G5) relative to no treated animals. The hematological parameters showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin Hb Red Blood Cells (RBC) , Packed Cell Volume (PCV), while significant increase in white Blood Cells (WBC) , mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) and lymphocytes.
In (G2, G3, G6, G7, G8, G9) on the otherhand administration of seed M. Peregrina showed levels . also the results showed statistically significant increase in Blood glucose, Urea, Creatinine, Total protein , Albumin ,and activity of Aspartate Amino Tranfears (AST) ,and Alanine Amino transFears (AST). In (G2, G6, G7, G8, G9) while in (G3) showed the same result except Blood protein, significant in creased lead and cadmium toxicity increased Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) but CaNa2 EDTA decreased ALP. On the other hand we notesd enhacement result in (G4 and G5). Theirs a significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) level in (G2 , G3 , G6 , G7 , G8 , G9) but no significant decrease happend in (G4 and G5). Further studies thus can be recommended for protective role of M. peregrina seed powder against toxic effect of lead , cadmium compare to side effect of CaVa2 EDTA during chelation therapy.
The impact of the use of some chemical fertilizers on some physiological and genetic traits and some active substances to assess the celery plant (Apium graveolens L.)
Authors: Ibrahim Omar Saeed
Published: April 2023

Experiment conducted Alsnaddein capacity (5 kg) in the agricultural season in 2013 on the local plant celery Apium graveolens L. To determine the efficiency of the use of different levels of fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus and their interaction on the physiological and genetic traits active substances to plant celery, and use the design of global experience Factorial Experiment using three levels of nitrogen in the form of urea  (NH2) CO  (N% 46 and three levels of phosphorus in the form of fertilizer Super triple calcium phosphate Ca (H2PO4) 2 (P2O4% 45) and three levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in the form of mixed fertilizer, said results of the study as follows :
 effect of nitrogen fertilizer when the  transaction N1 significant increase in potassium, sodium, magnesium, oil content and the percentage of active substances of plant concentrations were (2.140,1.570, 23. 413, 0.428, 0.281, 1.476,21.353) respectively. Significant decrease was also  noted in recipes chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b and the total chlorophyll concentrations at the treatment of different fertilizers. The RAPD technique results also showed eleven initially clear difference in the number of DNA packs multiplying and clear contrast in molecular weights.
Growth ability of some fungal species on media with crude oil residue
Authors: Marwan S. Hameed
Published: April 2023

This research aimed to investigate  growth  ability  of some fungal species on media with crude oil residue. The isolated the fungi were in this research of soil contaminated with oil residues and accompanying to rhizosphere for some existing plants in these soils , Five fungal species were selected depending on the  frequency and ratio appearance highs in contaminated sites studied for testing on growth in the media of contaminated with different concentrations of crude oil(1%,2% vol/vol) , and to identify the efficiency in carrying contaminated .
Concerning growth ability on crude oil, all tested fungi (Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium konzum, Penicillium italicum and Trichoderma harzianum) were found to have this ability but significant difference in this respect were observed between these species. However, Trichoderma. harzianum showed better and faster growth on different concentrations of crude oil in comparison with other fungi studies.
Keywords : Tested fungi, Growth ability of fungi ,meadia crude oil residue,   Rhizosphere.
The effect of Activin A and Steroid Hormones on the Recurrent and single Abortion
Authors: Nazar Ahmed Naji  , Galawesh Norri Tahrr
Published: April 2023

This study is designed to evaluate the relationship between Activin -A and the incidence of recurrent and single abortion .The study also included the Estimate of steroid hormones levels(FSH,LH and progesterone concentration through the abortion and normal pregnancy. The work performed through using 90 blood samples were taken from aborted and normal pregnant women their range ages between (15-45) years, attended Azadi teaching hospital in Kirkuk and general hospital of Kirkuk and some private medical clincs during the period from 1st of September (2012) to end of march (2013)
Results revealed a significant increase in the concentration of Activin A, FSH in the group of recurrent and single aborted women in comparison with control group. There was a significant decrease the levels of progesterone  and in the group recurrent  and single aborted women in comparison with control group
Synthesis a Number of Heterocyclic Compounds Derived From Levofloxacin
Authors: Ekram Abdullah Basheer  , Kalid Matny Al-jaanaby  , Feras Shauki Al-joboury
Published: April 2023

In this paper, the preparation a number of heterocyclic compounds five membered rings like oxadiazole, imidazolidine, thiozolidine, tetrazole, azetidine 2-on. Hydrazide (1) was synthesized from the reaction of levofloxacin with hydrazine hydrate. Hydrazone compounds  (2-9) were synthesized from the  reaction (1) with a number of aldehydes, and 3-acetyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol (10-17) was prepared from the reaction of  hydrazones (2-9) with acetic anhydride, 5-oxo-2-aryl imadazoldine derivative (18-25) were prepared from the reaction of  hydrazone derivatives (2-9) with glycine, while the reaction of hydrazone with thioglygolic acid gave 4-oxo-2-aryl-thiozolidine (26-33),tetrazole derivative(34-41)prepared from the reaction of hydrazone(2-9) with sodium azide in tetrahyro furan.azetidine-2-on(42-49)with chloro acetyl chloride in DMF and and in the presence of triethyl amine  these compounds were characterized on bases of spectral and physical data.
Preparation and Identification of some heterocyclic compounds from cyano compounds
Authors: Ibtehal K. Abdullah  , Meaad K. Buniya
Published: April 2023

This article included prepared cyano acetic acid hydrazid from interaction cyano ethylacetate with hydrate hydrazen, and interaction with 2- acytel thiophene and 2- acytelpyridine it will formation of hydrazide- hydrazone derivative (I, II), and through the undergo the compounds (I,II) for chain of interactions with different chemical materials then enclosed cyclo formed derivative of  (arylidene ,coumarin , aryl hydrazon , thiophene ) .
Prepared compounds have been studied and Identification by physical and spectral means.
Suitability of Injana Sandstone rocks for building Stone and Rail way ballast stone ̸ Ketol area ̸ Sulymania Governorate
Authors: Mohammed R. Abood  , Aomed Ahmed Mohammed  , Ibrahim Hameed Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

The study aims to find the geotechnical properties and engineering geological evaluation of sandston rocks which belong to Injana Formation  ̸ Ketol area ̸ Sulymania  Governorate/formation L belong to Injana  ̸ and make a comparison with Iraqi standard and American society for testing and material (ASTM) specifications. In order to determine their Suitability for building purpose and rail way ballast stone by detailed geological survey of sandstone rocks and laboratory tests (6) station in  addition chemical analysis and mineral components.
Petro physical test such as (Absorption, density) and Mechanical tests such as (Unconfined compressive strength, Flexural strength, Abrasion resistance) show these rocks are suitable as building stone according to (ASTM,C-568-99,2004).and suitable as rail way ballast stone according to Iraqi specifications (Raymond,1979) (O.R.B.D,1999).
Suitability of gravel deposits in Kirkuk city for concrete & roads works
Authors: Muntaser Sabree Awaad Almaadidy  , Khaled Ahmed Abdullah Alhaddad
Published: April 2023

The aim of research  to a study some Engineering properties, Mechanical abrasion (Loss Anglos) test and Californian bearing ratio (CBR), with some physical properties such as optimum water content and specific gravity tests for aggregate deposits in Kirkuk / Iraq . Six samples taken from (Chiman) and (Shurau) sits , three samples from each sit which represented (Bai Hassan Formation) from (Shurau) sit , and Quaternary deposits from (Chiman) sit to estimate its resistance to abrasion and friction of the outer surface for course aggregate to show the suitability of geotechnical qualification of road layers and concrete works. The physical geotechnical evaluation results grain size distribution  for  samples (1, 2, 3) are matching for class (A) with simple shift in fine sizes according designation[1], while the samples (4, 6) are matching with class (B), while sample (5) matching exactly class (A), through represented the result as a curves and matching with standard curves all samples gave well graded curves. A results of specific gravity (dry, wet) of coarse aggregate (gravel) for samples (1, 2, 3) reached at average (2.583, 2.6) respectively, while a results of samples (4, 5, 6) reached at average (2.607, 2.624), and results of specific gravity (dry, wet) of fine aggregate (sand) for samples (1, 2, 3) reached at average (2.56, 2.542) respectively, while a results of samples (4, 5, 6) reached at average (2.491, 2.511), all the results within of limits that allowable according on American designation[2] between (2.3 – 3.2) . The strength tests (California bearing ratio) shows suitability to qualification needs to road works for sub base layer , where the values are (36%), (35%) respectively. Durability geotechnical tests (loss Angeles) results shows the weight loss for samples (1,2,3) are (% 20.4  ,% 25 , % 22.7) respectively, while for samples (4, 5, 6) the result are (19.80%, 22.3%, 20.06%) respectively. The Soundness test results for coarse aggregate (gravel) are (1.236%) for sample (1) and (1.062%) for sample (4) ,while the Soundness test results for fine aggregate (sand) are (2.897%) for sample (1) and (2.717%) for sample (4), so all samples are suitable to use in roads & concrete works .
Evaluation of Efficiency of Groundwater Desalination Plants in Different Hydrogeological Conditions in Salahaddin Governorate/ Iraq
Authors: Manahil A. Mahmood Al-Bayati  , Sabbar A. Saleh  , Waleed M. Al-Abdraba
Published: April 2023

Five groundwater desalination plants elected in the province of Salahuddin, these plants are Rimth, AlRaml, Albo Hamed, Albo Rahil, and Mcelila which supplied from Al-Naamah, Zgiton, Baiji-Tikrit, West Samarra, and West Makhoul hydrogeological basins respectively.
Hydrogeological, hydraulic and hydrochemical characteristics of the five sub- basins were reviewed, it is found that the selection of the locations of these stations did not depend on certain criteria, especially the hydrochemical parameters which are the principal in the desalination. So, there are a lot of wells in these sub-basins, have best quality than the supply wells of the stations under study.
17samples were collected for selected desalination stations, three or four samples for each station included raw water (well water), desalinated water, mixed desalinated water, and rejected water, the field and laboratory tests were conducted on the different types of sampled water, the concentrations of more than seventy element were measured, included major anions and cations, minor and trace elements, the results were compared with local and international standards for drinking water. it is found that the raw water unsuitable for human use, the desalinated and mixed desalinated water are within the allowable limits of these standard, but these standards ignored most of the trace elements which were not discussed in the documents that annexed with these standard, and did not specify the permitted upper limits, despite the that some of these elements increases in the desalinated water in comparison with the raw water, light has been focused to the negative effects of these elements on public health.
The efficiency of desalination evaluated for these stations depending on the qualitative standards, then, the qualitative criteria were adopted for quantitative evaluation, and show that the stations with high efficiency, its efficiency in removing dissolved solids (TDS) ranged between (81.31% - 98.18%), regarding to quantitative desalination efficiency, the percentage of desalinated water to the raw ranged between (29% -70.37%).
Geomorphological Study for Selective Sections of Injana Formation/ Northern Iraq
Authors: Yasser Mahmood Jadalah  , Ameera Asmayll Heissan  , Sawsan Hameed Al-Hazaa
Published: April 2023

The research includes a geomorphological research of Injana Formation for three sections Hemreen/Tikrit, Hemreen/Tozkormato and Kany Domelan (Dibs). The study includes the analysis of this geomorphological map results in limitating four geomorphological units of Homoclinal origin and three units of erosional origin and surface drainage . It has  been shown from the  analysis of the surface drainage net that the  drainage pattern is the dominate in the study areas
Variation of the Bulk Etch Rate of Nuclear Track Detector CR-39 With the Chemical Etchant Solution Normality
Authors: Ahmed A. Al-obedy  , Ammar A. AL-Battawy  , Omar K. Younus
Published: April 2023

The variation of the bulk etch rate (VB) of nuclear track detector CR-39 with the normality of the chemical etchant were studied. The removal thickness measurement method is used to determine the bulk etch rate. the detectors were etched by an aqueous solution of  NaOH with normalities (4, 5, 6, 7) N at temperature (70±1) oC. It was found that the bulk etch rate is exponentially increasing with the normality of the solution and its values are (0.687, 1.421, 0.954, 2.082) µm/h at normalities (4, 5, 6, 7) N respectively. the relation between the bulk etch rate and the etchant normality was an exponential relation and the results showed good agreement with the results of the others used other normalities and another measurement method.
Development of technique of Backward integration step-by-step for solve stiff initial value problems
Authors: Khalid A. M. Khalaf  , Bashir M. S. Khalaf
Published: April 2023

Our purpose in this paper is the development of the  technique of backward integration step-by-step, In order to facilitating the use of this technique for  solving  the Stiff Problems. When using backward integration step-by-step for solving one differential equation of first order we need to solve () algebraic equations while using the new developed technique we need solve one algebraic equation. In general if the order of the differential equation is (), the solution needs solving ()of algebraic equation by using backward integration step-by-step. While the  developed technique needs only solving () of algebraic equations.
Development Modified Conjugate Gradiente Algorithm
Authors: Abbas H. Taqi  , Amal  N. Shaker
Published: April 2023

In this paper was to develop method V1-CG methods associated gradient amended to increase the speed of the convergence while retaining the charactenstic mass convergence as the derivation of this method was based on strict convex quadratic function has been develop this way to public function in whichthe supreme derivatives not equal zero.
The Desent property and global convergence for the proposed algorithm are established, oure numerical experiment on some test function and it showed us a clear improvement on the way V1-CG modified.
Anti–biotypes of Different Bacteria Isolated from Different Clinical Sources
Authors: Rebwar M. Hama Salih  , Khadija K. Mustafa  , Zirak F.A. Abdulrahman
Published: April 2023

A collective of 1178 different isolates were collected and identified from clinical specimens of human patients and these sources include urine (n=641), swab (n=483), wound (n=29) and blood (n=25). A present study were confirmed on antibiotic resistance against some pathogenic bacterial genera (n=1178) which include Escherichia coli (n=417), Staphylococcus aureus (n=377), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=212), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=145) and Streptococcus spp. (n=27) isolates; was carried out in Internal Lab from Teaching Hospital in Erbil city, in September 15, 2012 to June 20, 2013. Susceptibility was determined by the disc diffusion method recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). The following antimicrobials were tested: AMC 20µg, AK (30µg), AM (30µg), AZM (15µg), ATM (30µg), CAR (100µg), CF (30µg), CEC (30µg), CFZ (15µg), CD (5µg), CFM (30µg), CPO (30µg), CP (75µg), FOX (30µg), CPR (30µg), CXM (30µg), KF (30µg), C (30µg), CN (100µg), CIP (5µg), CLM (15µg), DA (2µg), CT (10µg), E (15µg), G (10µg), GIP (5µg), IPM (10µg), DP (5µg), NAF (1µg), NF (30µg), F (300µg), NOR (10µg), OX (1µg), PG (10µg), PIP (100µg), RA (5µg), TE (30µg), TC (75µg), TOB (10µg), SXT (1.25/23.75µg), and VA (30µg). The resistances percent of all bacterial isolates show different range of resistant which start from 0.00% and reach to 100%.
Histological Study for Skin of Horse
Authors: Ali  Khudheyer  Obayes
Published: April 2023

The present study was done on skin of horse,samples are taken from six animals after  anaesthetized the animals and slaughttered . Samples are taken from dorsal back area ,the collected tissues were fixed in 10% formalin for 24 hrs. tissue was prepared for light microscopic examination . the  result showed skin of horse  composed of  Epidermis & dermis .epidermis are keratinized stratified squamous epithelium ,that divided into four cellular layers  from the top (stratum corneum ,granulosum ,spinosum and basale), stratum basale are consist of simple cubiodal epithelium cells were rest on the basement membrane, Melanocytes cells are located in stratum basale .Dermis composed of  papillary layer and dermal papilla. Papillary  layer composed of bundles of collagenouse fibers with fibroblast. Primary hair follicles. primary hair follicle which surrounded by sweat glads and sebaceous glands. sweat glands was simple tubular gland which lined by simple cuboidal epithelium, the alveoli of sweat gland that surrounded by Myoepithelial cells. Sebeceous gland, Like double saccule, lined by simple cubiodal epithelium cells that contain fat dropletes. Primary hair follicle, that consist of Hair shaft in the center which represented the medulla, it was enclosed by cortical layer of stratified squamous epithelium.The primary & secondary hair follicle were attached to the smooth muscle bundles, was represented the arector pilli  muscles. Small artery near the hair follicle that supply the oxygen and nutrient to the skin.
Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus type-1antibodies (IgM,IgG) in smokers in Kirkuk city-Iraq
Authors: Lezan Medhat Mohammed Zangana
Published: April 2023

Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 (HSV-1) is classified in the α-herpes virus group of the Herpesviridae and HSV-1 infections are very common in the human population. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of anti-herpes simplex virus type-1 IgM and anti-herpes simplex virus type-1 IgG among smokers and nonsmokers. In the current study, A total of one hundred two serum samples from males were collected (70 smokers and 32 nonsmokers), there ages were ranged between 20- 50 year; this study which was done during the period between September 2014 to the January 2015. All obtained sera samples from all persons were tested using ELISA method for determine of Herpes simplex virus type-1 antibodies. Results in this study showed that the herpes simplex virus type-1 IgM seropositivity among smoker persons was 24 (34.3%). In addition, the result revealed that the percentage rate of the herpes simplex virus type-1 IgG among smokers was 61(87.1%). There was a significant effect of smoking on the seroprevalence of Herpes simplex virus type-1 antibodies (IgM , IgG).
Determination of The Lethal Concentration 50% (Lc50) of Cadmium Chloride in mosquito fish Gambusia holbrooki
Authors: Talib Hussen Ali  , Ali Ashkar Abed  , Amal Abdul Ellah
Published: April 2023

In this study 24,48 and 96-h exposure of male mosquito fish Gambusia holbrooki to cadmium chloride (CdCl2.H20) was accomplished  to determine the cadmium lethal concentration 50 (LC50) in mosquito fish G. holbrooki, The data obtained were statistically evaluated by the use of EPA computer program based on Finney’s Probit Analysis Method and a (24,48 and 96h) LC50 values for Gambusia  holbrooki were found to be(37.29 , 42.733 and 50.178) mg/l respectively  .
On sex hormones in infertiled men The effect of ghrelin
Authors: Hamed Ali Hamed  , Nazar Ahmed Naji  , Muhammed Hammad Jasim
Published: April 2023

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of ghrelin on sex hormones, follicle stimulating hormones, luteinizing hormones, Testosterone, and prolactin in infertiled men. Abnormal spermatogenesis is often associated with altered serum gonadotropins and testosterone. follicle stimulating hormones, luteinizing hormones, and testosterone levels They were estimated in 50 infertiled men. Results showed statistically significant increase (p< 0.05) in the mean of ghrelin, follicle stimulating hormones, luteinizing hormones, Thyroid stimulating hormones, Prolactin, fasting blood sugar , Triglyceride, High density lipoprotein, Very low density lipoprotein, in all the studied infertiled males patients when compared with the fertiled control (n=20). In addition there was no significant differences in the levels of testosterone , Cholesterol ,and Low density Lipoprotein, between the infertiled and fertiled men.
Studying the structural properties of Mg-Zn ferrite nano partical prepared by auto combustion Sol-gel method
Authors: Khalid Jubeir Jameel  , Sabah Mohamed  , Ameer Sh. Mahmoud
Published: April 2023

In the present work the Magnesium-zinc ferrite chain ( Mg1-xZnxFe2O4) with x=0-1,were synthesized using sol-gel auto combustion as a modern chemical ‎methods .Nitrates, citric acid and ammonia were used ‎in order to get ferrite nano powders at temperature 2200C , which characterized a higher dispersion ‎and homogeneity with particle size in the range of (27.47-68.9) nm. The obtained ferrite nano powder calcined at temperature  5000C for a period three hours .

Samples examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). From FTIR spectral analysis the structure of the spinel ferrites shows two absorption bands,  , due to vibration of octahedral and tetrahedral metal oxygen bonds.  SEM results show the presence of uniformly distributed and almost spherical shaped particles
Radon Concentration measurement in an Imported Tea using Nuclear Track Detector CN-85
Authors: Ammar A. Battawy  , Asmaa Ahmad Aziz  , Huda Saade Ali
Published: April 2023

The present paper aims to determine the radon concentration in a ten different imported samples of tea collected from Iraqi local markets. Solid state nuclear track detectors CN–85 was used to record the tracks of alpha particles released from radon content within the samples. A cylindrical chambers of U-shape containing the grained samples were used for irradiating the detector. The results showed that the highest concentration of radon was 45.97 kBq/m3 found in Jihann tea, while the lowest value is recorded in Mahmoud tea which was about 25.44 kBq/m3. The radioactivity of radon content in the samples which is equivalent to obtained values is found between (811.46-1446.29) pCi/kq. The obtained radon levels is within the natural limits of the activity concentrations of the naturally occurring radionuclides in foods, and this will not form any risk on the human being life.
Stopping Power for Tungsten
Authors: Adwan N. H. Al-Ajili  , Sabah M. Aman Allah  , Rafa A. Abad  , Ahmad M. O. Al-Bayti
Published: April 2023

In this paper we report the values of radiative, collisional and total stopping power of electrons (β-) for Tungsten element by using Bethe-Bloch relativistic formula. All related equations were inputted into MathCad2012 using the ionization potential value for Tungsten in the energy range (0.1 - 10) MeV. The results show that the collisional stopping power dominates radiative stopping power. This is in excellent agreement with the values of Estar in the energy range (0.01 – 3) MeV, but at energy levels greater than 3 MeV the Bethe-Bloch relativistic formula requires some corrections to minimize errors in results.
Center of Sums based Defuzzifier Unit VLSI Architecture
Authors: Asim Majeed Murshid
Published: April 2023

Defuzzification is a process of getting a crisp value from the fuzzy data. Since the fuzzy data cannot be used directly for the real time applications, therefore it has to be converted into a crisp value. In designing the defuzzification unit in this work, the center of sums has been used, because of its computationally efficient nature. The Center of Sums (COS) is faster than many defuzzification method and the method is not restricted to symmetric membership function is simple and is being generally used in comparison to more complex Center of gravity (also called Center of area or Centroid method) defuzzification method. The proposed architecture has been modeled in VHDL and implemented in XILINX and Spartan field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). The proposed architecture is more efficient in area (the area of implementation of VLSI Architecture) and the speed of operation in comparison to a more complex architecture used for the Center of gravity. The functional analysis has revealed that the proposed architecture is implementing COS based defuzzifier efficiently and accurately.
Study Some Properties of a Circulant Matrix
Authors: Akram Salim Mohammed
Published: April 2023

The aim of this paper is to study the properties of idempotent, nilpotent and stability to a circulant matrix  which generated by the first row, finally we showed the relation between this properties with eigenvalues of this matrix.
K- constant type Kahler and Nearly Kahler manifolds for conharmonic curvature tensor
Authors: Ali A. Shihab  , Rana H. jasim
Published: April 2023

The constant of permanence conharmonic type kahler and nearly kahler manifold conditions are obtained when the Nearly Kahler manifold is a manifold conharmonic constant type (K). and also proved that M nearly kahler manifold of pointwise constant holomorphic sectional conharmonic (PHKm(X)) – curvature) curvature tensor if the components of holomorphic  sectional (HS- curvature) curvature  tensor  in  the  adjoint G-structure space that satisfies condition .
New A hybrid Hestenes-Stiefel and Dai-Yuan conjugate gradient algorithms for unconstrained optimization
Authors: Khalil  K. Abbo  , Hisham M. Khudhur
Published: April 2023

In this Research we developed a New Hybrid method of conjugate gradient type, this Method depends basically on combining Hestenes-Stiefel and Dai-Yuan algorithms by using spectral direction conjugate algorithm, which is developed by Yang Z & Kairong W [19]. The developed method becomes converged by assuming some hypothesis. The numerical results show the efficiency of the developed method for solving test Unconstrained Nonlinear Optimization problems.
New A hybrid conjugate gradient Fletcher-Reeves and Polak-Ribiere algorithm for unconstrained optimization
Authors: Khalil  K. Abbo  , Hisham M. Khudhur
Published: April 2023

In this Research we developed a New Hybrid method of conjugate gradient type, this Method depends basically on combining Fletcher-Reeves and Polak-Ribiere algorithms by using spectral direction conjugate algorithm, which is developed by Yang Z & Kairong W [19]. The developed method becomes converged by assuming some hypothesis. The numerical results show the efficiency of the developed method for solving test Unconstrained Nonlinear Optimization problems.
The efficiency of Color Models layers at Color Images as Cover in text hiding
Authors: Qasim Mohammed Hussein  , Ahmed Saadi Abdullah  , Nada Qasim Mohammed
Published: April 2023

The color images are used widely as a cover in hiding of the information. Since the variety of applications of the color image there are several color models of color image. Most color models consist of three layers.  The nature of the color mode of the cover plays a main role in determining the robustness and security of hiding algorithm.

The objective of this paper tests the layers, components, of the color models of cover color images, to figure out which color layer of each color model is best (less affected) to use as a cover to hide information within each color model in the hiding process. The experiments concentrate on the hiding texts in two positions of each layer, 7th bits and 8th bits (LSB).  Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) were used to measure the affected of hidden text in layers.  The tests were done on nine colors models: RGB, HSV, HIS, HSL, HSB, YCbCr, La*b*, LUV and CMYK.

The results show that some of color models have best layer to hide text such as YCbCr, HSI, CMYK, HSL and LUV . In other color models which have been tested, there is not a distinctive layer. The layer H is the worst because any hiding leaves a clear impact on the cover image.
EVALUATION OF VOIP TRAFFICS OVER TIKRIT UNIVERSITY NETWORKS
Authors: Wisam Dawood Abdullah
Published: April 2023

In recent years, VoIP is a rapidly evolving technology that could possibly revolutionize the telecommunication industry. When implemented on wireless data networks, VoIP could prove to be instrumental in the convergence of existing fixed and cellular telephony networks with the fast growing wired and wireless data networks. Whereas, the growth of the VoIP applications with additional mobile devices in the institution of higher education and increasing number of users led to slow VoIP services. In addition, the throughput and latency (or delay, jitter, and jabber) are two of the most important issues that need to be resolved before the commercial deployment of wireless VoIP. The trace composes of two parts: firstly, collecting of data, secondly, performing the traffics analysis. Therefore, we have analyzed the performance offered by SCTP, TCP and UDP over VoIP at Tikrit University, Iraq. In this paper, we can see that the kind of performance given by SCTP is best then UDP, but the latency is decreased it performance significantly compared to UDP and the SCTP throughput is looks in a better manner. The measurements were verified by simulating the VoIP traffics using Network Simulator 2
Study of honey bee effect on melatonin concentration and many immunological and biochemical parameters in women suffering Chronic kidney disease in Kirkuk city
Authors: Wedad Mahmood L. Al-obaidi
Published: April 2023

The present study designed to demonstrate positive effect for honey bee on melatonin conc. and some immunological and biochemical parameters in women suffering Chronic kidney disease (CKD), the study include (55) blood samples get from women with CKD , (21) women from them volunteered to eat natural honey for thirty days, compared with (20) samples for normal women as control with age (20-49)year ,the samples were collected from Kirkuk hospital and clinicals from febreuary/2015 to june/2015.

We reach to following conclusions: high significant increase in creatinin ,urea ,uric acid conc. And Melatonin ,MDA, Leptin ,IL-1α , IL-6 and TNF-α in women suffering from  CKD compared with control group. whereas we found high significant decreasing in Albumin, GSH, Ceruloplasmin conc. In  women with CKD compared with control . there were high significant decrease in biological ,immunological parameters with high significant increasing in Melatonin, Albumin, GSH, Ceruloplasmin in women with CKD and eat natural honey in compare with women with CKD without treatment with honey .
Insects associated with some crop in some districts of Salahaldin Governorate
Authors: Ali H. Al-Tikrity
Published: April 2023

The study aimed to identify the insects associated with some agricultural crops (Solanum melongena  Lycopersicon esculentum  Cucumis melo  Cucurbita pepo  Cucumis sativus  Hibiscus esculentus Vicia faba and Medicago sativa) under plastic cover and crops after cover removal, a seven sites Samarra, Baiji, al-alam and Tikrit in Salahuddin province.In this study ,30 insects species from 30 genera to 24 families and 8 order were recorded the stadied sites. In this study al so, 33 different insect species were identified at family and order levels were reported . Differenes in insect species between covered uncorerd crops were reported. Differences insect species between covered and uncovered were reported
Effect Of Mg and P On The Chemical Content And Oil Characters In Juglans Fruits Cortex Juglans regia L
Authors: Jamel .Y. Ali AL-ttememe  , Emad E.Muter Albudeiri  , Taha Sh. Ahmed Aldoury
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted on juglans Trees 15 years old orchard in Halabcha – Sulaimania in northern Iraq , The trees were cultred in 10×10 m , in afactorial experiment Designed with Randomized Complete Block Design, and used 2 factors the first was Magnesium which used in 2 levels (with and without Mg) and the second was phosphorus whioh was used in 3 levels o , 100 and 150 Kg/Donum . Duncuu Multiple Range Test was used at 5% Compantapility.

The results: Summarized as Fellow:-

*Mg and P addition caused asignificaud increasing in a Macro and Micro Nutrieuts concentration the trees received Mg and 150 Kg/Donum P gave ahighest concentration of these Macro and Micro Nutrieuts in theleaves compared with the lowest values in the control trees.

*Mg and P addition Also Caused the same effects of asighificant increasing of the Macro and Micro Nutrieuts in the frnits cortex and the trees received Mg and 150 K/Donum gave ahig hest values of these Nutrieuts concentration in fruits cortex compared with control Trees.

*Mg and P addition have significant effects on oil and its characters and chlorophyll, Carbohydrat Conceutration and VE. Compared with control trees.
Some physiological and biochemical changes in women with hyperthyroidism
Authors: Sarab D. Kh.
Published: April 2023

Physiological changes, have been described in hyperthyroidism. There is interaction among hypothalamus gland, pituitary gland and thyroid gland system in regulation of metabolic and function of body, this achieved by balance between hormonal stimulation with drawl of other hormone by feed back mechanism, any changes in this hormonal balance lead to thyroid gland disorders , the present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of hyperthyroidism on some physiological blood properties is Hb, WBC, RBC, blood pressure, determination the concentration of thyroid hormones (T3, T4, TSH) for patients (N=50) which compared with control group (N=50). The following finding were obtained :

 Significant decrease (P< 0.05) in RBC patients compared with control group.

Significant elevation (P<0.05) of (T3, T4) concentration and reduction of (TSH) concentration for patients group compared with control group. Significant decrease (P< 0.05 ) in Hb concentration for study group compared with control group and Significant decrease (P< 0.05) in WBC patients compared with control group(healthy women).
Follow-up some tissue changes in infected mice Balb/C experimentally with Trichomonas muris and treated with extracts of Artemisia herba-alba and Metronidazole drug
Authors: Maroof S. Juma Al-Ammash
Published: April 2023

The present study was included investigation efficiency of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Artemisia herba-alba in treatment of albino mice infected experimentally with T. muris comparative with metronidazole drug. The doses of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of A. herba-alba for treatment were 750 mg/ kg as a single treatedable dose and then done comparable between efficiency of extracts under study and Metronidazole drug that given as a single dose of 0.392 mg/ mouse/day.

The results of this study revealed efficiency of both metronidazole drug and extracts of A. herba-alba in treatment the infected with T. muris. So these were treated with materials revealed effective and efficiency in treatment (100%), but it were different in the time for reduction of infection and perfect cure. Also the effect investigated of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Artemisia herba-alba and metronidazole drug in intestinal (ileum and colon) and liver, where observed normal form of intestinal and liver tissues of infected mice that treated with alcoholic and aqueous extract of Artemisia herba-alba and metronidazole drug, while observed abnormal form of intestinal and liver tissues of infected mice (positive control) and not treated with alcoholic and aqueous extract of Artemisia herba-alba and metronidazole drug.
Measuring the concentrations of carbon monoxide gas in the departments of Salah al-Din General company of Industry and Minerals
Authors: Movafaq I. saleh  , Nora Dh. Shaker  , Mostofa N. Mahdee
Published: April 2023

The CO gas concentration Was measured in the company of Salah aldin general of  industry and minerals during six months by once in every month during the period of study from (October 2012) to( March 2013) . the results of statistical analysis showed that the increase concentration of (CO) significantly compare with control in all month study. The highest recorded value of (CO)gas pollution is (8.222ppm) at significantly level (p≤0.05) in the cycle breakers electric plant were the lower value in plastic packaging plant recorded values ranging (2.111ppm) at significantly level (p≤0.05).
The Repellent and Attractant Effect for Different Formulations of Pea and soybean seeds and Extracts Against Third Larval Instars of Khapra Beetle Trogoderma granarium Everts
Authors: Riyad Ahmed Al-Iraqi  , Younis Ibrahim Muhammed Ali Al-bugoary
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of crude powders at (0.4 and 0.6)% concentration in addition to petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol alcohol and water extracts at (0.10 and 0.20)% concentration of pea and soybean seeds against khapra beetle, When these powders and extracts were mixed with wheat grains and rearing the insect on its. The repellent and attractant effect for the powders and extracts were estimated against the third larval instars. Results indicated that the all powders and extracts of pea and soybean seeds showed repellent character to 3rd larval instars of khapra beetle but whit different percent. The pea and soybean powders were superior than extracts for larval repellency which gave percent repellency of (57.21 and 59.80)% respectively with no significant different between them. The alcohol extracts for pea and soybean have the pest repellent effect than other extracts which gave (51.65 and 38.70)% respectively, with significant different between them. Otherwise, the petroleum ether extract for each of pea and soybean showed the less percent repellency which was (6.52 and 24.42)% respectively, but differences in their repellency degree.
Estimation of Laed , Cadmium and Mercury metals in the blood serum of workers in the coal manufacture and their effects on some biochemical parameters
Authors: Ahmed A. K. Al-Zubaidi  , Abdulmonaim H. AL-Samarrai  , Fadhil M. AL-Temeemy
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted during the period from December 2012 to May 2013, the study included measuring the concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd) in serum of workers in the coal and study its effect on a number of biochemical parameters for (38) male subjects with  a control group including (50) persons who were living away from areas of pollution and non-workers in the industrial sector (and non smokers at the same age groups). The trase elements were measured by using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results showed a significant difference (p <0.01) for each of lead, mercury and cadmium, which were 0.0296ppm, 0.0485ppm and 0.1825ppm, respectively, compared to the control group, which were 0.0035ppm, 0.0055ppm and 0.0070ppm respectively, there were a significant changes (p <0.01) in urea, creatinine, total protein , enzyme phosphatase and transaminase enzymes (ALT, AST), Their levels were 35.8mg/dl, 1.398mg/dl, 59.22g/l, 96.90U/I, 32.65U/I and 55.97U/I respectively, compared to the control group, which were 24.71mg/dl, 0.929mg/dl, 66.34g/l, 67.10U/I, 20.43U/I and 22.88U/I respectively.