bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENHANCING HYBRID SECURITY APPROACH USING AES AND RSA ALGORITHMS
Authors: G. Chaloop Samir , Z. Abdullah Mahmood
Published: July 2021

Network safety has become an important issue in recent years. Encryption has been developed as a solution and plays an important role in the security of information systems. Many methods are required to secure the shared data. The advanced internet, networking firms, health information and the cloud applications have significantly increased our data every minute. The current work focuses on cryptography to provide the protection for sensitive data that exchanged between personal users, companies, organizations, or in the cloud applications and others during the transfer of data across the network. Firstly, Data sent from sender to network receiver must be encrypted using the cryptographic algorithm. Secondly, the recipient shows the original data using the decryption technique. This paper presents three encrypting algorithms such as AES, RSA and hybrid algorithms, and their efficiency is compared based on the analysis of the time. Results of the experiments show that the hybrid algorithm is better in term of security.
Distribution of HPV genotypes among women with abnormal cytology results in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Plitt Sabrina S , Kichuk Ryan , Geier Sheena , Smith Trenton , Roy Felicia , Severini Alberto , Charlton Carmen L
Published: July 2021

Background: Persistent infection with a subset of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes can cause abnormal cytology and invasive cervical cancer. This study examines the circulating HPV genotype strains in a local population of the province of Alberta (a largely unvaccinated population) to establish baseline frequency of vaccine and non-vaccine genotypes causing abnormal cervical cytology. Method: Remnant liquid-based cytology specimens from the Alberta Cervical Cancer Screening Program (March 2014–January 2016) were examined. Only specimens from women who had a cytology grading of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or higher were included. HPV genotype was determined for all samples, and results were stratified by demographics and cytology results. Results: Forty-four unique HPV genotypes were identified from 4,794 samples. Of the 4,241 samples with a genotype identified, the most common genotypes were HPV 16, 18, 31, and 51, with 1,599 (37.7%), 441 (12.2%), 329 (7.8%), and 354 (8.4%), respectively. HPV9 vaccine genotypes made up 73.2% of these genotyped samples. Compared with specimens in which HPV9 vaccine genotypes were not detected, those with a genotype covered by the HPV9 vaccine were from younger women (33 [interquartile range {IQR] 28 to 42] y versus 40 [IQR 32 to 51] y; p < 0.00001). Conclusions: The baseline distribution of HPV genotypes in this largely unvaccinated population indicates that the HPV9 vaccine provides good protection from high-risk HPV infections. Determining the frequency of genotypes causing abnormal cytology in this population post–vaccine implementation will be important to assess efficacy of vaccination and monitor for any potential genotype replacement.
Diagnostic Measurement of Supersonic Ammonia and Nitrogen/Hydrogen-Mixture DC Plasma Jets for Nitriding Under a Low Pressure Environment
Authors: Tahara H. , Shibata T. , Mitsuo K. , Yoshikawa T. , Ando Japan Y.
Published: July 2021

Spectroscopic and electrostatic probe measurements were carried out to understand the plasma feature inside and outside a 10-kW-class direct-current arc plasma jet generator with a supersonic expansion nozzle. Ammonia and a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen were used as the working gas. The NH3 and N2+3H2 plasmas in the throat were expected to be nearly in a temperature-equilibrium condition, although the plasmas in the expansion nozzle and in the downstream plume without substrate plates were in thermodynamical nonequilibrium states. As a result, the H-atom excitation temperature and the N2 rotational excitation temperature decreased from 7000-11000 K in the throat to about 4000 K and to 1000-1500 K, respectively, on the nozzle exit at 0.1-0.2 g/s, although the NH rotational temperature did not show an axial decrease even in the nozzle. On the other hand, each temperature was almost kept a small range in the downstream plume without substrate plates under an ambient pressure of 130 Pa except for the NH rotational temperature for NH, working gas, although in the case with a titanium plate the nonequilibrium plasma came to a temperature-equilibrium one as approaching the plate.
Plasma Spraying of Functionally Graded Materials: Measured and Simulated Results
Authors: Fincke J.R. , Williamson R.L. , Chang C.H.
Published: July 2021

Thermal spray processing of functionally graded materials requires that the spray patterns of different particle types coincide at impact and that each particle type arrives with the appropriate temperature and degree of melting. Measurements of particle velocity, temperature, and size along with spray pattern characteristics have been obtained for co-injected NiCrAlY and zirconia powder. The plasma and particle flow fields were also simulated with a pseudo 3-D model using the LAVA computer code. The model assumes that the gas flow is axisymmetric while the particles are treated in a fully 3-D manner. A stochastic discrete-particle model that includes turbulent dispersion dictates particle behavior. The simulation produced reasonably accurate velocities and particle trajectories, although, particle temperature is consistently over predicted. Comparisons between the calculated and measured velocity and temperature statistical distributions and calculated molten fractions are discussed.
Process Maps for Plasma Spray Part I: Plasma-Particle Interactions
Authors: Gilmore D.L. , Neiser R.A. , Wan Y. , Sampath S.
Published: July 2021

This is the first paper of a two part series based on an integrated study carried out at Sandia National Laboratories and the State University of New York at Stony Brook. The aim of the study is to develop a more fundamental understanding of plasma-particle interactions, droplet-substrate interactions, deposit formation dynamics and microstructural development as well as final deposit properties. The purpose is to create models that can be used to link processing to performance. Process maps have been developed for air plasma spray of molybdenum. Experimental work was done to investigate the importance of such spray parameters as gun current, auxiliary gas flow, and powder carrier gas flow. In-flight particle diameters, temperatures, and velocities were measured in various areas of the spray plume. Samples were produced for analysis of microstructures and properties. An empirical model was developed, relating the input parameters to the in-flight particle characteristics. Multi-dimensional numerical simulations of the plasma gas flow field and in-flight particles under different operating conditions were also performed. In addition to the parameters which were experimentally investigated, the effect of particle injection velocity was also considered. The simulation results were found to be in good general agreement with the experimental data.
Effect of Contact Resistance and Substrate Melting on Thermal Spray Coating
Authors: Sun D.W. , Xu J. , Zhang H. , Wan Y.P. , Prasad V. , Wang G.X.
Published: July 2021

A numerical model is developed to study the effects of the contact resistance, droplet impacting droplet temperature, and substrate temperature on the droplet solidification rate and temperature of the droplet under the condition when the substrate can melt and re-solidify. Two-dimensional simulations show that the interface velocity is small in the area of poor contact with an irregular solidification interface shape. During the impact of Molybdenum on a steel substrate, Mo solidifies while the steel substrate melts.
Cold Spray Processing of Titanium Powder
Authors: Karthikeyan J. , Kay C.M. , Lindeman J. , Lima R.S. , Berndt C.C.
Published: July 2021

Oxygen-free titanium coatings are at present produced using vacuum plasma spray systems. The cold spray process can produce titanium coatings in atmospheric air at reduced cost. Variations of the deposition efficiency as well as the coating characteristics with various process parameters were studied. Results show that the deposition efficiency drops drastically below a critical temperature. The parameters which affect the jet velocity; viz., the type of gas and the nozzle geometry have maximum effect on the process deposition efficiency. Sprayed coatings were porous and exhibited a low modulus and high hardness. Post processing of the coating by machining produced dense, strong and hard coatings. Key words: Cold-Spray, Titanium, Oxidation.
Cold Spraying–A Study of Process and Coating Characteristics
Authors: Kreye H. , Stoltenhoff T.
Published: July 2021

In cold spraying, coatings are formed by a high velocity impact of solid particles. The particles are accelerated in a supersonic gas jet at temperatures of only a few hundred degrees centigrade. In contrast to thermal spray processes no melting of the particles and negligible heating of the substrate occurs. A series of spray experiments with copper powders of different particle size ranges were performed to study the effect of various process parameters on microstructure and properties of the coatings. The coatings have been evaluated for their microstructure, density, oxygen content, hardness and bond strength. With nitrogen as process gas and a -25 +5µm powder, dense coatings were obtained within a broad range of gas inlet pressure and gas inlet temperature.
Properties of Cored Wire Arc Sprayed AI/AI2O3 Composite Coatings
Authors: Ma S. , Zhu Y. , Yang C.
Published: July 2021

Dual-wire arc sprayed Al/Al2O3 MMC coatings have been successfully applied to shipboard and other steel structures. However, the feed wire used is difficult to produce, restricting the application potential of the method. To avoid this difficulty, arc sprayable cored wire was developed, with Al2O3 powder as the filling material and commercial aluminum strip as the retaining sheath. Arc sprayed coatings made from cored Al/Al2O3 wire have been characterized based on bond strength, Al2O3 content, microstructure, microhardness, and wear resistance, and the results are compared with those of pure aluminium coatings.
Transient Droplet/Substrate Contact Pressure During Droplet Flattening on Flat Substrate in Plasma Spraying
Authors: Li C.-J. , Li J.-L.
Published: July 2021

The spreading process of an isothermal droplet impinging on flat substrate surface in plasma spraying is studied numerically in 2D cylindrical coordinate systems by using 'Marker-And-cell (MAC) Technique. The changes and distributions of the transient contact pressures upon substrate surface at flattening are calculated under different droplet conditions with different impacting velocities and densities. The simulated results show that the transient contact pressure is initially high and concentrates at a small contacting area, it then spreads and drops quickly while droplet flattens. The maximum pressure is located at the front of the droplet at early stage of deformation, which pushes the fluid moving quickly along substrate surface and results in lateral flow. The contact pressure is mainly related to the droplet density and impact velocity. The peak pressure reduces consistently along the substrate surface so that the splashing at the periphery of flattening droplet may occur to form a reduced disk like splat because of the falling of contact pressure in this region and the escaping of the evaporated gas from the droplet / substrate interface.
Thermal Spray Processing of WC-Co Nanomaterials
Authors: Voyer J. , Marple B.R.
Published: July 2021

WC-Co based cermets are extensively used in wear applications due to their hardness and toughness. Recent work has demonstrated the potential for using nanoscale constituents to improve the wear properties of these materials. In the present study, two WC-Co powders containing a nanosized WC phase were used to produce coatings by HVOF thermal spraying. These powders had similar properties except for the volume percent binder present: WC-8C0 and WC-12Co. The thermal spraying conditions were varied in order to identify their effect on the microstructure, properties and phase composition of the sprayed coatings. The as-sprayed coatings possess porosity values ranging between 1% and 2% and microhardness values (HV100) from 1150 to 1550, which are quite similar to values obtained for conventionally sized WC-based coatings. For all the coatings, phase analysis indicated significant degradation of the WC phase to produce W2C, W, CO3W3C and Co6W3C. For some spray conditions, even WO3 phase was found in the coatings. The JP-5000 HVOF system produces coatings with lower porosity, similar microhardness values and, more importantly, with lower WC degradation than the coatings produced with the DJ-2700.
SiC Coating Synthesis by RF Induction Plasma Spraying from Liquid Silane Precursor
Authors: Bouyer E. , Müller M. , Henne R.H. , Schiller G.
Published: July 2021

In this paper a process based on both Thermal Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (TPCVD) and Suspension Plasma Spraying (SPS) is applied on r.f. induction thermal plasma for α/β-SiC ceramic synthesis and deposition. The starting materials are low-cost liquid disilanes. The resulting coatings are investigated by means of SEM and XRD. Results on the influence of the processing parameters (i.e. pressure, spray distance, substrate temperature, plasma gas nature and composition, precursor composition, atomization parameters) on the coating phase and microstructure are shown. Control of the microstructure (or nanostructure) as well as of the phase content, namely the ratio α/β can be achieved. A processing route presenting the elementary steps of SiC TPCVD is also proposed.
Plasma Spraying of Titanates I
Authors: Ctibor P. , Rohan P. , Neufuss K. , Kolman B. , Dubsky J. , Chraska P.
Published: July 2021

Among candidate materials for plasma spraying titanates ATiO3, where A is an element from the alkaline earth group (11), were not systematically tested until today. This paper reports on plasma spraying of synthetic perovskite CaTiO3 and geikielite-perovskite system MgTiO3-CaTiO3. Perovskite CaTiO3 is well known as dielectric material and a basic component of complex dielectric ceramics. Since it is relatively chemically simple and inexpensive material it has been selected for the basic preliminary studies. Mixture of geikielite-perovskite MgTiO3-CaTiO3, with Mg:Ca ratio equal to 94:6, was chosen because its permittivity is independent of temperature. Plasma spraying was done with the water stabilized plasma gun WSP. Plasma spraying conditions were optimized using single splat observation for various substrates and varying substrate temperature. Standard experimental techniques were used for studying of microstructures, chemical and phase compositions and porosity of as-sprayed and annealed deposits. Mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus and microhardness were measured.
Cyclic and Isothermal Oxidation at 1200°C of HVOF NiCrAlY Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Serghini S. , Dallaire S.
Published: July 2021

The isothermal and cyclic oxidation of freestanding Ni-20Cr-10Al-lY thick coatings has been investigated at 1200°C using TGA, SEM, XRD and XPS techniques. Coatings produced by HVOF are dense and remain crack free after thermal treatments. The protective oxide layer formed did not flake off upon cyclic oxidation as confirmed by SEM analysis. In addition, three oxidation regimes were identified after analyzing TGA data: two below 1000 °C and a third one at approximately 1200°C. The regimes below 1000°C correspond to the selective oxidation of elements on the surface and at the subsurface of the coatings whereas the third regime involves element diffusion from the bulk of the coating to the surface. The oxidation regime became asymptotic at 1200 °C as stable oxides formed. The presence of water vapor affects neither the thickness nor the orientation of oxide crystals formed on the surface as confirmed by the X-ray analysis. The XPS and X-ray results show an inter-diffusion between the coating and substrate with a slight increase in chromium concentration at the interface. Element distribution within the oxide layer was found to follow the order: Al-(oxide)Y-(oxide)/Cr-(oxide)/Ni-(oxide)/NiCrAlY from the outermost oxide layer to the bulk of the coating. These results show that HVOF dense Ni-20Cr-10Al-lY sprayed coatings can be used as anti-oxidant barriers in both isothermal and cyclic oxidation at 1200°C.
Aqueous Corrosion Behavior of Thermally Sprayed Coatings for Steel Substrate
Authors: Tani K. , Adachi M. , Nakahira A. , Takatani Y.
Published: July 2021

The work reported herein deals with the interaction among the thermally sprayed coatings and steel substrate in acid aqueous solutions investigated by using the electrochemical process. Thermally sprayed coatings on steel substrate for such as the tribological applications except for the sacrificial anode property have been extended. The environment of these machinery components is often utilized accompanied with the aqueous solutions. The galvanic corrosion occurred in aqueous solutions among the metals or alloys have been well known. In the actual spray process, the formation of penetrated pores or crevice defects are not generally avoided. In the aqueous solution environment, the penetrated defects cause the galvanic corrosion between coating and steel substrate, and tend to be occurred the coating spalling. In this work, the electrochemical process was employed to determine the corrosion phenomena. The preferable combination of sprayed coatings and steel substrate are discussed and the examples of design of the intermediate layers are proposed.
Tribological Requirements of Thermally Sprayed Coatings for Wear Resistant Applications
Authors: Siegmann S.D. , Brandt O.C. , Margadant N.M.
Published: July 2021

During the last decades, improved understanding of tribological behavior of different material combinations led also to an intensified development of thermal spray applications. In the field of e.g. hard chromium replacement by thermal spraying, significant amount of work has been done and published world wide, however, the authors manly focused on only one tribological aspect like friction, abrasion, erosion, cavitation or corrosion, respectively. In real applications, often more than one of those factors influence the successful use of these coatings. Besides the bulk properties of the materials, the coating micro structure, which is strongly spray system dependent, needs to be considered and investigated. Higher functionality and reliability than conventional competitive coatings still has to be proved at laboratory scale and under field conditions for thermally sprayed coatings. This paper describes the state of the art of thermally sprayed coatings as alternatives for other coatings. Published literature data and a wide range of own tribological investigations and field tests, reveals the potential for other applications.
High Temperature Erosion Properties of Thermal Barrier Coatings Produced by Acetylene Sprayed High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Process
Authors: Cole M.A. , Walker R.
Published: July 2021

Over the past 30 years, there has been considerable interest in the development of thermally sprayed thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) for aerospace and land based turbine applications. The use of TBCs enables higher operating temperatures, resulting in significant fuel efficiency savings. This paper reports on the development of dense Yttria Stabilised Zirconia (YSZ) thermal barrier coatings produced by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) spraying using acetylene as the fuel gas. The use of a high temperature gas erosion rig allowed the controlled evaluation of erodent size, velocity, impact angle, and temperature on coating performance. The work also covers the optimization of process parameters, including powder morphology, stand-off distance, oxygen to fuel ratio, gas pressures, and flowrates, and their effect on coating characteristics such as deposition efficiency, microhardness, and surface roughness.
Lanthane Aluminate—A New Material for Atmospheric Plasma Spraying of Advanced Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Friedrich C.J. , Gadow R. , Schirmer T.
Published: July 2021

One of the main application fields of the thermal spraying process are thermal barrier coatings (TBC). Today partially stabilised zirconia (YSZ or MSZ) is mainly used as TBC material. At temperatures above 1000°C, zirconia layers ages distinctively including shrinkage and microcrack formation. Therefore there is a considerable interest in TBCs for higher temperature application. In this paper lanthanum aluminate, a newly developed TBC material with long term stability up to 1400 °C, is presented. It ages significantly slower at these high temperatures than commercial zirconia based TBCs. Its composition favors the formation of platelets, which prevent a densification of the coating by postsintering. It consists of La2O3, AI2O3 and MgO. Its crystal structure corresponds to lanthanum aluminate powders were produced using two different fabrication routes, one based on salts, the other one based on oxides. To optimise the granulate various raw materials and additives were tested. The slurry was spray dried in a laboratory spray drier and calcined at 1650°C. Using these two powders, coatings were produced by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). The residual stresses of the coatings were measured by the hole drilling method and the deposition process was optimised with respect to the residual stresses of the TBC. The coatings were extensively analysed regarding phase composition, thermal expansion, long term stability as well as microstructural properties.
A Critical Evaluation of the Employment of Microhardness Techniques for Characterizing and Optimizing Thermal Spray Coatings
Authors: Factor M. , Roman I.
Published: July 2021

Frequent reporting of microhardness data for thermal spray coatings testifies to the widespread use of this technique for coatings characterization. However, inadequate reporting of microhardness procedures makes comparisons between published coatings hardness statistics difficult and it appears that both microhardness in general and its significance to characterizing thermal spray coatings in particular, are poorly understood. This paper demonstrates that though microindentation technique is a useful laboratory procedure that can be used for coatings optimization, research and quality control purposes, poor understanding often leads to worthless data and thus to erroneous conclusions. A high quality WC-12%Co coating supplied by Sulzer Metco was hardness tested on both the polished cross-section and plane surface of the coating. Contributions to the variance in results obtained and sources of significant errors are discussed and conclusions are drawn regarding the methodology and suitability of hardness testing for characterizing thermal spray coatings. The limits in repeatability and reproducibility of Vickers microhardness data for hard metal thermal spray coatings are discussed. The necessity for rigorous statistical procedures of data analysis is demonstrated. It is suggested that the technique is inherently unsuitable for characterizing hard thermal spray coatings due to poor intrinsic reproducibility.
Comparison of language development with motor development in active and inactive children (case study: Children 5 to 8 years old)
Authors: FORGHANİ OZRUDİ Mohammadbagher
Published: July 2021

The object of this study was to determine the relation of language development to motor development in active and non-active children in 5-8 years old. The research universe included all boy students from 5 to 8 years old in Babol city and 120 persons were selected clustered randomly as a research sample. measurement instrument includes personal information questionnaire, children bodily activity amount questionnaire, Rion intelligent test, Ulrich great motor development test, Lincoln-Ozertsky tiny motor development test, language development test (p-told:3). In order to analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t-test were used. The results showed that there was a relation between language development and movement and this relation was more meaningful for 6-5 years old between language development and great movement and 7-8 year’s old in tiny motor development. There was no meaningful relation between language development and movement in active and non-active children. The results showed a close relationship between language development and motor development in childhood and are influenced by each other.
IMPROVING THE HEAT RESISTANCE OF POLYMER ELECTRICAL INSULATION SYSTEMS FOR THE MODERNIZATION OF INDUCTION MOTORS
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia, Leonov A.
Published: July 2021

Ensuring high power, efficiency and reliability of induction motor operation while providing small weight– size parameters represents an up-to-date problem. One of the factors limiting the reduction of weight–size parameters when increasing capacities of induction motors is the failure of the insulation system. Therefore, there is a strong need for studying the issues of slot fill when designing an induction motor, taking into account an increase in the heat resistance class of electrical insulation systems. The purpose of the present research is to develop a polymeric electrical insulation system of increased heat resistance for the modernization of an induction medium-capacity motor to reduce weight–size parameters and to evaluate the possible savings of winding material. The paper deals with an analysis on the stator–slot fill for the induction motor. Modern conductor and insulation materials were selected. The necessary calculations for a medium–power induction motor of different heat resistance classes were performed. The usage of the proposed electrical insulation system was substantiated. The analysis shows the possibility of increasing the heat resistance of the polymer electrical insulation systems to save winding material for induction motors without reducing the specified quality level.
FEATURES OF STIMULATED EMISSION OF A MEROCYANINE DYE IN THE PORES OF ANODIZED ALUMINUM
Authors:   Institute of Molecular Nanophotonics, E.A. Buketov Karaganda University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Ibrayev N.Kh.
Published: July 2021

The results of the study of the spectral-luminescent properties and the generation of stimulated emission of merocyanine dye molecules in a porous aluminum oxide films are presented. The addition of silver nanoparticles to the porous aluminum oxide films leads to an increase in the absorption cross section and an increase in the quantum yield of dye fluorescence in the alumina films. However, in the alumina films with silver nanoparticles, the generation of stimulated emission of dye molecules was not detected. We also studied the effect of polymethyl methacrylate polymer deposited on the surface of the alumina films with a dye on the spectral-luminescent properties and generation of stimulated emission of this dye. An increase in the optical density in the absorption band of the dye and an increase in the fluorescence intensity in samples with a deposited polymethyl methacrylate film are observed. The generation threshold of polymethine dye is reduced by a factor of 40 in the porous aluminum oxide sample with polymethyl methacrylate.
INFLUENCE OF STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF ZNO FILMS ON OPTICAL AND PHOTOELECTRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF INVERTED POLYMER SOLAR ELEMENTS
Authors:   E.A Buketov Karaganda University, Research center of Nanotechnology and Functional Nanomaterials, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Zeinidenov А.К.
Published: July 2021

In this work we investigated the effect of preliminary annealing of zinc acetate solution films on the morphology, structure, optical properties of the formed ZnO films and also on the photovoltaic properties of polymer solar cells based on the obtained ZnO films. It was found that the pre-annealing temperature significantly affects the morphology and structure of the obtained ZnO films. At pre-annealing temperatures below 200 oC the films have a strongly relief morphology (wrinkled morphology), while at pre-annealing temperatures above 200 oC the surface morphology of the films is smooth. The relief of ZnO films affects the photocurrent density of solar cells. Cells based on ZnO films with wrinkled morphology showed a higher photocurrent compared to smooth morphology, which is due to strong light scattering and, as a result, the optical path of light in the photoactive layer is increased due to multiple reflection of light in the wrinkled structure of ZnO. In addition, with increasing pre-annealing temperature, the photovoltage of solar cells and the rate of recombination of charge carriers increases, but the diffusion coefficient of charge carriers decreases, which indicates an increase in the density of defects in the crystal lattice of ZnO. Thus, it has been shown that smooth or highly relief thin ZnO films with controlled properties can be obtained from a zinc acetate solution.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE OCCURRENCE OF A CONCENTRATION-POLARIZATION LAYER
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Manatbayev R.K.
Published: July 2021

This work describes the appearance of a concentration polarizing boundary layer on the membrane surface during the separation of the H2/CO2 gas mixture. Concentration polarization occurs when the rejection solution accumulates near the surface of the membrane, forming a boundary layer. The inclusion of concentration polarization effects in the processing of porous walls creates additional difficulties. The boundary layer formed by concentration polarization can be considered as a type of a second porous wall with a lower permeability than the membrane. The main difficulty in modeling this situation is to determine the appropriate boundary conditions for the concentration on the wall, since the concentrations on the wall will constantly change, and the wall geometry itself may change over time due to particle deposition. To account for this effect, a numerical approach was developed, which is discussed in this work
THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE AS A LOW-POWER COGENERATION ENERGY SOURCE FOR AUTONOMOUS CONSUMER POWER SUPPLY
Authors:   S.Seifullin Kаzakh Agrotechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Mekhtiyev A.D.
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the issue of using a thermoacoustic engine as a low-power cogeneration source of energy for autonomous consumer power supply capable of operating on various types of fuel and wastes subject to combustion. The analysis of the world achievements in this field of energy has been carried out. A number of advantages make it very promising for developing energy sources capable of complex production of electrical and thermal energy with a greater efficiency than that of present day thermal power plants. The proposed scheme of a thermal power plant is based on the principle of a Stirling engine, but it uses the most efficient and promising thermoacoustic converter of heat into mechanical vibrations, which are then converted into electric current. The article contains a mathematical apparatus that explains the basic principles of the developed thermoacoustic engine. To determine the main parameters of the thermoacoustic engine, the methods of computer modeling in the DeltaEC environment have been used. A layout diagram of the laboratory sample of a thermal power plant has been proposed and the description of its design has been given. It has been proposed to use dry saturated steam as the working fluid, which makes it possible to increase the generated power of the thermoacoustic engine.
The potential of the university in promoting values «by ruhani zhangyru
Authors:   Павлодар педагогикалық университеті, Қазақстан, Syrymbetova L. , Sergeeva V. ,   Инновациялық Еуразия университеті, Қазақстан, Butenova K. ,   Инновациялық Еуразия университеті, Қазақстан, Muratova L. ,   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

Preservation and enhancement of national values — is the main goal of the work according to the implementation of the program «Rukhani Zhangyru». The program «Rukhani Zhangyru» is a new stage in the historical development of modern Kazakhstan. The modernization of the public consciousness of each individual involves a revision of the young people's attitude to themselves in order to achieve success in their professional activities and consolidate their competitiveness. At the same time, it is important to preserve all the positive experience that has accumulated over the centuries, the peculiarities of the people and the country, in this process and education plays a system-forming role. Today in Kazakhstan, the issue of promoting values in the student environment, developing young people's feelings of belonging to the present and past of the Motherland, responsibility for its future is acute, but the potential of the educational space in the implementation of this process is not fully disclosed. In the conditions of the changed educational space of these states, the process of forming a new generation of socially active, responsible for the development and preservation of spiritual values of young citizens with all the values put forward by the states is relevant. In order to determine the initial level of formation of the values of «Rukhani Zhangyru» among Kazakhstani students, there was organized an online survey among students and teachers of Kazakhstani universities using the Google Form. The significance of this survey lies in the possibility of stating the initial state of the formation of the values of «Rukhani Zhangyru» among Kazakhstani students. In turn, these results will be the starting point for determining the content of promoting the values of «Rukhani Zhangyru» in Kazakhstan's universities. the survey confirmed the need to activate the process of socialization of students. Our idea is to ensure the consistency of the educational process through its integration into the content of educational disciplines. In this aspect, the promotion of the values of «Rukhani Zhangyru» among students needs to find methodological solutions and strategies that are the subject of further work within the project. The expected results will contribute to the promotion of the values of «Rukhani Zhangyru» among students.
Educational activity of Turkestan Jadids
Authors:   Қ.А.Ясауи атындағы Халықаралық қазақ-түрік университеті, Түркістан, Қазақстан, Bazarbayev K. , Sembyev K. ,   Bolashak академиясы, Қарағанды, Қазақстан, Daniyarov T. ,   Қ.А.Ясауи атындағы Халықаралық қазақ-түрік университеті, Түркістан, Қазақстан
Published: July 2021

The national progressives who have appeared in the majority of the countries of the East at the end of the XIXth beginning of the XXth centuries estimated the Central Asian Jadidism as reflection of the reformatory movement of the local intellectuals. The concept «jadid» formed from Arab «usul-and-jadid» («new method») designates new ways of learning in an example of the European education. Such educational maintenance of Jadidism in the course of social and political development of the country has changed the status of old social and political system, having provided her new, original character. Together with it, process of formation and high-quality changes of Jadidism in the country can be divided into two periods: cultural and educational and period of political struggle. The educational ideas of Jadidism have generated need to reform an education system in the country according to modern models. Naturally, such reforms have adopted also the colonial authorities in the country. In the course of education system reform realization the imperial government protecting colonial interests in the actions relied on the principles of Great Russian chauvinism. This article deals with the new views on jadid movement, educational ideas which created national liberation ideology in Central Asia and also political programs and strategic objectives of national liberation movement.
Using mnemonic techniques to memorize the tone of Chinese characters
Authors:   Чувашский государственный педагогический университет им. И.Я. Яковлева, Чебоксары, Россия, Rungsh N. , Sidorova L. ,   Чувашский государственный педагогический университет им. И.Я. Яковлева, Чебоксары, Россия
Published: July 2021

This article is devoted to the use of mnemonic techniques for memorizing the tone of Chinese characters. At present, the ties with the East are strengthening, and more and more people becomeinterested in Chinese. It is difficult to study primarily because of the tones, the incorrect use of which can distort the meaning of a word and even a whole sentence. Therefore, from the first day of training, it is important to pay due attention to them, to practice this aspect. Students who study Chinese may face a number of problems, such as: the inability to distinguish the tone by hearing, the inability to reproduce the basic tones, the inability to remember the correct tone, the inability to reproduce the tones in context, ignorance of phonological rules, mixing tones and intonations. To solve these problems, one can learn the Chinese tones using different resources and techniques. The object of the study is the mnemonic techniques used in the study of Chinese characters. In the course of the study, the following task was set: to determine an effective way of memorizing Chinese characters using mnemonics. The effectiveness of the method was tested experimentally. We have considered examples of legends (stories) created by the authors of the article to remember the direction of the tone. It is important to say these stories-legends aloud, presenting a picture in your head, creating an associative series. The use of mnemonic techniques for memorizing the tone of Chinese characters contributes to the maximum development of imaginative thinking, the creation of stable associations, as well as increasing the time of concentration.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A RELAÇÃO ENTRE ESTADO E CONFEDERAÇÕES ESPORTIVAS
Authors: Canan Felipe , Rojo Jeferson Roberto , Starepravo Fernando Augusto
Published: July 2021

O objetivo foi verificar como está estabelecida a relação entre Estado e confederações esportivas nas normas estatais e estatutárias, respectivamente. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter quali-quantitativo e objetivos descritivos, pautada em análise de documentos. Expressamente, os documentos não atribuem caráter público para as confederações, mas tacitamente parecem fazê-lo. O direito comparado e jurisprudência corroboram este caráter. A maioria das confederações recebe fundos públicos, adota a justiça desportiva e não nega a possibilidade de acesso ao poder judiciário. A relação público-privada identificada nos documentos analisados apresenta um caráter incongruente e, embora busque tentar desresponsabilizar a iniciativa privada esportiva, dá margem para que se possa interpretar que a mesma tem múnus público.
BENEFÍCIOS DE UMA INTERVENÇÃO MOTORA PARA UMA CRIANÇA COM MENINGOCELE: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Zanella Larissa Wagner , De Souza Mariele Santayana , Valentini Nadia Cristina
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste estudo de caso foi verificar os efeitos de uma intervenção motora na motricidade fina e ampla, no equilíbrio, na aptidão e nos níveis de atividade física, na percepção de competência e estado nutricional de uma criança de 5 anos com meningocele e hidrocefalia. A intervenção motora foi implementada com o Clima de Motivação para Maestria em um período de 16 semanas (32 aulas). Nas aulas foram oferecidas oportunidades de prática e atividades variadas com ênfase nas habilidades motoras fundamentais e de equilíbrio. Para avaliar a motricidade ampla, fina, equilíbrio e aptidão física foram utilizados os testes Bruininks Ozeretzky – Second Edition (BOT-2), Test of Gross Motor Development – Second Edition (TGMD-2); para avaliar o nível de atividade física foi utilizado pedômetro em 3 aulas do programa interventivo na pré-intervenção e pós-intervenção; o índice de massa corporal foi utilizado para analisar o estado nutricional, classificado conforme as curvas do Center of Disease Control (DCD); para avaliar a percepção de competência foi utilizada a Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Acceptance. Os resultados do presente estudo, evidenciam mudanças positivas na motricidade ampla e fina, nos níveis de atividade física, na percepção de competência motora e no estado nutricional da criança. A intervenção motora foi efetiva em potencializar o desenvolvimento de uma criança com meningocele.
POLÍTICAS DE ESPORTE DO DISTRITO FEDERAL: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A LEGISLAÇÃO, GESTÃO E O FINANCIAMENTO ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2008 A 2014.
Authors: Athayde Pedro Fernando Avalone , Dalmas Leandro Casarin
Published: July 2021

Esse artigo traz uma contribuição para produção de conhecimento no campo das políticas públicas - sobretudo de abrangência local e/ou regional -, voltadas à garantia do acesso à prática esportiva como um direito de cidadania. Nesse sentido, estabelecemos diálogo e prosseguimos com os estudos desenvolvidos por Carneiro, Athayde, Húngaro e Mascarenhas11. Para essa proposição, elencamos como objetivo deste estudo identificar a magnitude e direcionamento dos gastos com o esporte no âmbito do orçamento público da Secretaria de Estado de Esporte, Turismo e Lazer do Distrito Federal entre os anos de 2008 a 2014, problematizando seus impactos na gestão governamental para o setor. Ao mesmo tempo, realizamos um mapeamento da legislação esportiva nacional e distrital. Metodologicamente, esse artigo configura uma pesquisa social qualitativa de nível exploratória, cujo delineamento emprega a técnica do estudo de caso. Como eixo de orientação dos procedimentos e instrumentos empregados nesta pesquisa, adotamos como referência os aspectos, indicadores e categorias desenvolvidas por Boschetti6 e Mascarenhas9. Respeitando a perspectiva crítica e dialética de análise, verificamos que as políticas de esporte e lazer do Distrito Federal são perpassadas por um movimento de continuidade e descontinuidade, que as afastam do sentido precípuo das políticas públicas de atendimento aos direitos e necessidades sociais e, em particular, da possibilidade de correção das iniquidades presentes na realidade social do Distrito Federal.
Taxonomy of the genera Acropiesta, Anommatium, Erasikea and Pantolyta (Diapriidae: Belytinae) with review of species occurring in Russia
Authors: Chemyreva V.G. , Kolyada V.A.
Published: July 2021

The taxonomic status of the genera Acropiesta Förster, 1856, Anommatium Förster, 1856, Erasikea Szabó, 1961 and Pantolyta Förster, 1856 is discussed. The following generic synonymies are proposed: Acropiesta, syn. nov., is synonymised with Pantolyta, and Erasikea, syn. nov., is synonymised with Anommatium. Erasikea nutrix Szabó, 1961, syn. nov., is a junior synonym of Anommatium ashmeadi Mayr, 1904. Three species are described as new to science: Pantolyta dichromia sp. nov. (Russia: European part, Primorskiy Territory), P. melniki sp. nov. (Russia: Kunashir Island; Republic of Korea) and P. simplicior sp. nov. (Russia: Kunashir Island). Eleven previously known Palaearctic species of the former genus Acropiesta and one species of Anommatium recorded in the fauna of Russia are reviewed and illustrated. The following new combinations are proposed: Pantolyta flavicauda (Ashmead, 1893), comb. nov.; P. flaviventris (Thomson, 1858), comb. nov.; P. flexinervis (Macek, 1998), comb. nov.; P. macrocera (Thomson, 1858), comb. nov.; P. micans (Macek, 1998), comb. nov.; P. nigrocincta (Kieffer, 1909), comb. nov.; P. nitida (Thomson, 1858), comb. nov.; P. pseudosciarivora (Macek, 1998), comb. nov.; P. pulchella (Whittaker, 1930), comb. nov.; P. radialis (Hellén, 1964), comb. nov.; P. ruﬁventris (Kieffer, 1909), comb. nov.; P. sciarivora (Kieffer, 1859), comb. nov.; P. semirufa (Fouts, 1924), comb. nov.; P. seticornis (Kieffer, 1910), comb. nov.; P. subaptera (Ashmead, 1893), comb. nov.; Pantoclis radiatula (Thomson, 1858), comb. nov. An identification key to all Palaearctic species of Pantolyta and Anommatium is given.
THEORETICAL DISCOURSE OF CORPORATE DEVELOPMENT IN THE XXI CENTURY
Authors: Yurii UMANTSIV
Published: July 2021

Background. Development of the theoretical concept of corporate entrepreneurship is determined by the intensification of research in modern conditions. The main subject of scientific research is the analysis of the evolution of corporate relations, their organi­zational forms and interaction ways of the main subjects, i.e. owners, managers and the state, as well as the relationship of corporations structural elements. The lack of a holistic concept of corporations’ role substantiation in modern system of economic relations and the scien­tific significance of this issue have led to the relevance of the article. The analysis of recent research and publications shows that theoretical matrix of corporate entrepreneurship research is at the stage of active transformation of its research field. The aim of the article is to systematize and generalize theoretical approaches to the analysis of corporate development vectors in the XXI century and also to identify the latest institutional determinants of their functioning. Materials and methods. The works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists are the theo­retical and methodological basis of the article. The institutional and evolutionary approach is methodological basis of the paper. General scientific research methods such as abstract­tion, analysis and synthesis, systematization, analytical, logical and historical generaliza­tions were also used. Results. Corporate enterprises in modern conditions of civilizational development are the basis of economic activity, which is based on the use of market relations. It involves the continuous accumulation of extremely large amounts of capital to finance programs and develop technical and technological basis of their operation. Modern corporation is a specific form of organization of economic activity and economic agent, a separate format of social nature of economic relations, which provides deepening social division of labor through horizontal and vertical integration, reproduction of capital, formation of stable integration network relations and institutionalizes socio-economic relations in all dimensions. Conclusion. The main advantages of the corporate form of entrepreneurship are wide opportunities to attract financial resources, implementation of innovative projects, etc. Corporations are hierarchical network meta-organizations, a form of institutional support for systemic competitiveness and innovative development of the socio-economic system with an integrated model of capital reproduction into organizational terms. Corporation is a social institution of collective action into institutional terms. The corporate form of entre­preneurship makes it possible to increase international competitiveness of the national economy and creates a basis for its development on the basis of neo-industrialization in the context of effective public, social and collective institutions.