bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Image of Ukraine in the Works of Western Artists (Kyiv Murals)
Authors: Ospishcheva-Pavlyshyn Mariia
Published: July 2021

The article addresses the classification of Kyiv murals of the early 21st century, made by foreign artists (USA, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Belgium, Australia, Spain, Portugal, Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, South Africa, etc.). The image of Ukraine in the work of these artists, who got to know Ukraine forcedly, episodically, and inevitably scarcely, isthe image of the Other on the territory of this Other. As a result, “others” (foreign artists) overcome their own otherness and enter into cultural dialogue with other culture and the city, the notable part of which their murals become. Along with animalistic motifs (mainly ornithological), this area is dominated by the archetypal images of Ukrainian history and culture, bizarrely supplemented by their own reminiscences and additions (mural Berehynia). However, signs of simulacrum is not the case. It is rather a carnival fantasy that traces the influence of Baroque culture, which has deep roots in Ukraine. There are precedents of collaboration with Ukrainian authors (mural Vidrodzhennia (Renaissance) by Julien Malland and Oleksii Kyslov). Occasionally, foreign artists use only certain attributes of local life (embroidery pattern), directly reflect on the impressions of the present, transplanting them into the European context (mural Night Kyiv). Also from time to time they turn to real characters of national history and culture (Serhii Nigoian, Lesia Ukrainka, in the latter case Guido van Helten boldly reformed the established image iconography of the “daughter of Prometheus”, giving his heroine the features of a modern feminist), as well as sports (gymnast Hanna Rizatdinova). It was concluded that there is a long-term cultural dialogue between the West and Ukraine, with the first party presenting maximum interest and tolerance.
“I keep hoping that we will betogether…” Correspondence to Alla Herburt-Johansen (Mike Johansen, Mykhailo Boychuk)
Authors: Remeniaka Oksana
Published: July 2021

The research was made on the basis of materials from the Bakhmeteff Archive of Columbia University and Anna Shepko private archive. The paper addresses the creative work of a bright representatives of the artistic environment of Kyiv and Kharkiv of the 1920s and 1930s. Provided information allows to trace a destiny of Ukrainian artists during the period of Great Terror. Mike Johansen’s and Mykhailo Boychuk’sletters to Alla Herburt-Johansen (exсept of a few quotes) are published for the first time. Fragments of correspondence by Alla Herburt-Johansen and Lubov Drazhevs`ka are also published for the first time. These materials are an invaluable source that depicts the artistic environment of Kharkiv and Kyiv during the 1920s–1930s.
Institutional Aspects of Development of Contemporary Ukrainian Art
Authors: Mironova Tatiana
Published: July 2021

The publication considers the institutional aspects of the development of Ukrainian art in the beginning of the 21st century. Understanding ofspace of artistic culture is narrower than the concept of traditional cultural space and is mostly limited to institutions, activities of which are focused on the sphere of art. The basis for the formation of the space of artistic culture isthe synergy of creative activity of the artists, managers, collectors, gallery owners, auctioneers, curators, critics, scientists, and other professionals. This space expands due to the institutional activities, analytical texts of specialists, collective performative actions of artists, as well as the processes of promotion (management), interpretation, museum storage, auction and gallery sales, exhibition at the biennial, fairs, exhibitions, distribution of photos and texts on the Internet. Thus, art practices in their activities today are transformed into an established non-subordinate cultural industry of active cooperation of all these entities. The demarcation of the boundaries between the fine arts and “free locations” not only creates a special sphere of culture that exists between art and life, but also opens contemporary art to the public, as both trained spectators and casual witnesses are involved in the work. Exposition practices, evolving in the process of general development of culture, choose the ways of their development in accordance with the requirements of the time, and their formation and style are based on the main trends and criteria of contemporary art.
Austro-Greece: Parafiction and Myth-Making Mechanisms of Hyperstition
Authors: Sushynskyi Oleksandr
Published: July 2021

The paper analizes the phenomenon of “Austro-Greek Empire” — a collective art-research project that includes ethno-cultural, social-political, and artistic frames. The fictional dimension of this “work-in-progress” project becomes its substantial part due to the topical issue of the post-truth phenomenon and conspiracy theories that are prevailing the media space. The importance of fictionalization methods in post-conceptual art is analyzed and demonstrated, given the possibility of constructing a metaposition in a situation of historical and political uncertainty. The “Austro-Greek Empire” is an emblematic project for the contemporary Ukrainian art process, as it aggregates a series of key issues, one of which is still the problem of identity. The article uses various methodological approaches, in particular, the optics of “parafiction” by C. Lambert-Beatty, psychoanalysis of J. Lacan, post-structuralist analysis of the mythology by R. Barthes and fictionalization of P. Osborne.
Influence of Eco-art and the New Technologies on the Formation of Eco-Consciousness
Authors: Chepelyk Oksana
Published: July 2021

The article addresses the problem of the effectiveness of eco-art as an instrument for the transformation of consciousness in the era of environmental crises. A number of eco-art projects focusing on threats to aquatic biodiversity that use digital technologies and data-driven approaches in interaction with biological organisms are considered. The features of eco-art with the use of new technologies and its impact on the formation of eco-consciousness are the subjectof the research.
The aim of the study is to identify the features of the impact of eco-art projects on the formation of eco-consciousness in order to fundamentally rethink the principles of human interaction with nature. The objective of the paper isto review and analyze eco-art projects that use digital technologies in interaction with biological organisms and act as a catalyst for socio-cultural transformations.
The methodology includes theoretical and field research on the topic “Dead zones. Global Data and the Local Ecosystem” at the research residence of IMéRA — the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Marseilles, in the framowork of “Exter” international exchanges program of the Ukrainian Institute.
The main employed method is a complex and systematic approach to the theory development, systematization of some generalizations, and their contextualization. An analysis of sources on the theory of deep ecology and eco-art, collected interviews, and video documentation were also used in the study, as well as photometric methods, comparative analysis of concepts, of structure and technological features of artistic realizations.
A brief overview of the works by David Rothenberg, Natalie Jeremijenko, Tiare Ribeaux, Oksana Chepelyk, and others is given.
The practice of Ukrainian eco-art in the framework of the exhibitions “Where Do We Go From Here?” and “Emergent Tributaries” in the Izolyatsia. Platform ofCultural Initiatives in Kyiv in 2018 are analyzed. These projects reflected global environmental issues, such as the relationship between man and nature, future visions and consequences of the exploitation of natural resources. The contexts in which international projects and Ukrainian works of eco-art emerge are described. The specifics of influence of eco-art and the new technologies on formation of eco-consciousness is outlined.
Loving Vincent: Online Exhibition as an Innovative Form of Presenting Visual Art in Ukraine
Authors: Chmelyk Iryna
Published: July 2021

The article considers the online exhibition and art events Loving Vincent as the relevant forms of exhibition of art works, the main idea of which is to promote the work of Vincent van Gogh and the art of the animated films in Ukraine. The aim of the paper isto highlight the importance of the latest forms of visual art representation in Ukraine on the example of the online exhibition Loving Vincent and a number ofrelated events dedicated to the world’s first full-length eponymous animated feature film about the life of Vincent van Gogh. The role of Ukrainian artists in the process of working on the film is also highlighted. The methodology of work includes a set of culturological and art research methods and approaches. In particular, empirical observations, analysis of the source base and video materials contribute to the comprehensive coverage of the process of organization and realization of the Loving Vincent exhibition. The interviews with the organizers, screenwriters, and artists helped to get a deep insight into the specifics of working on the film. Descriptive and analytical methods contributed to the formation of a comprehensive view regarding the innovative forms of representation of visual artworks in Ukraine. On the basis of factual material, a synthetic comprehension of problems and prospects of development ofsuch newest exposition forms as virtual excursions and online exhibitions were formed. Emphasis is also made on the participation of Ukrainian artists in the largescale international art projects that leads to the creation and development of new opportunities of the representation of contemporary art
The Role of UNESCO in Contemporary Global Cultural Processes
Authors: Guliyeva Lamia Askar
Published: July 2021

The article examines the role of UNESCO in the modern global cultural processes, with the specific focus on Azerbaijan. The mankind owes awakening of a genuine interest in key global problems of a new rank at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries primarily to the leading social structures. While the entire civil society of the world today is being challenged, it is gratifying to know that some structures accept and respond to such challenges. In our opinion, UNESCO, being a representative, authoritative, and prestigious organization, isthe most striking example ofsuch effective response. The paper examines the permanent public forums in the field ofscience, culture, and education that are directly supervised by the largest international non-governmental organizations, namely, UNESCO.
Performance studies. Experiments with the Methods of Transformation of Sociocultural Landscape
Authors: Babiy Nadiya
Published: July 2021

In the article, the concept of performance is considered as a leading communicative art practice of socialization of distinct spaces of Western Ukrainian cities. Performance studies are viewed as an effective global interdisciplinary field that views performance and uses performativity as a method of studying various cultural processes and practice of setting up and collaborating of the social groups and urbanistic spaces. In this context, performance art pieces, artistic projects, political actionism and other cultural practices and experiences are presented on the examples of actionism of Western Ukraine.
Method of synthesis that helped to compare and generalize scientific sources and literature is applied; as well as the systematic method for the analysis of culturological aspects of performance and sociological method, when culture is considered as a factor in the organization of public life and the formation of the intellectual landscape. The methodology of the field research gave the work practical significance, due to the use of valuable photography materials, memories of the participants of performative practices. Observing the organization of the performance allowed to examine its reflexive effect on the audience. Performance studies are an important discipline that can be useful for all groups of the socio-cultural urban landscape. Studies of performance allow us to understand distinct world cultures or to evaluate our own behavior critically. Artists frequently develop their intuitive abilities through performance, look for hidden meanings in familiar objects and actions. The practice or contemplation of the performance by the consumers of the culture of “bread and spectacles” (Latin: panem et circenses) may consist in understanding one’s own assessment of the circumstances, comparing it with the perception of others, perhaps by changing one’s position. Government institutions have the opportunity to master additional resources to gain understanding of distinct environments of the city and at the same time to acquire effective methods of personnel management.
The vision of the theatrical audience in the theatrical-critical discourse of Eastern Halychyna (Galicia) in the 1920s and 1930s
Authors: Rosa-Lavrentii Sofiia
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the image of the theatrical spectator of the Ukrainian theater in the theatrical-critical discourse of the period of 1920–1930. The theatrical spectator as an integral part of the theatrical process, and hence of theatrical history, is often underestimated by theater historians. However, even in theatrical-critical publications of this period we can trace certain composite images of the Ukrainian theatrical audience. The article explores what these images looked like, how they changed and how they can also look at the theatrical processes of time. The main source in which the image of the theatrical spectator of Eastern Halychyna (Galicia) "appeared" istheatrical-critical publications in the press of that time. In fact, two main images are formed: the Lviv public and the so-called "provincial" (although according to the press rhetoric of the time it included both spectators of large cities Stanislaviv, Ternopil, and smaller towns: Yavoriv, Stryi and others and spectators in villages). Each of these groups had its own characteristics and its own requests to the theater.
A EDUCAÇÃO INTERPROFISSIONAL, APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA E A PRÁTICA COLABORATIVA NO CENÁRIO DAS POLÍTICAS INDUTORAS DE REORIENTAÇÃO DA FORMAÇÃO EM SAÚDE
Authors: Holanda de Medeiros Nara Maria , Camargo Gonçalves Germani Ana Claudia , Dos Santos Lemos Evelyse
Published: July 2021

Este artigo discute a Formação em Saúde em uma perspectiva inovadora e provém de uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, que avalia a concepção de discentes egressos do Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde (Pró-Saúde)  e Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para Saúde (PET-Saúde) em relação a participação no processo ensino/aprendizagem/avaliação das instituições de ensino superior do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Fundamenta-se nas perspectivas da educação interprofissional, aprendizagem significativa, trabalho em equipe e práticas colaborativas. A abordagem com complexidade em saúde se faz necessário para qualificação da assistência à saúde e as formas uniprofissionais de atuação, de forma isolada, são insuficientes. A interdisciplinaridade e interprofissionalidade são estimuladas a fim de superar esse descompasso e visando a investigação dessa situação, aplicou-se instrumento tipo likert e perguntas abertas à 50 egressos dos Programas. Os resultados evidenciaram o desenvolvimento de competências para interprofissionalidade e atuação com crítica, através do reconhecimento dos princípios, conceitos, pressupostos e de ações conjuntas que estimularam reformas curriculares, contudo, prevalece a desigualdade de acesso aos Programas. Assim, esse artigo reforça a necessária interferência das Políticas Indutoras de Reorientação da Formação em Saúde para a qualificação dos processos formativos e assistenciais da saúde.
TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NA ÁREA DE MATEMÁTICA DA POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL DA BNCC: REFLEXÕES PARA O ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Scheffer Nilce , Finn Gabriela , Zeiser Mateus Henrique
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta dados e reflexões de pesquisa, referente à área de Matemática do Ensino Fundamental - Anos Finais, do discurso presente no texto da Política Educacional - Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC, sob a perspectiva das tecnologias digitais para ressignificar o ensino. Um breve histórico de políticas educacionais é apresentado a fim de contextualizar a implementação da BNCC. A pesquisa baseia-se na coleta qualitativa de dados, analisando o conteúdo e aspectos formais presentes no discurso escrito, no sentido, na retórica e nas palavras do documento da BNCC, considerando a prática matemática com tecnologias digitais, o pensamento computacional e objetos de aprendizagem. Os resultados obtidos até o momento demonstram que na BNCC as tecnologias digitais ainda estão relacionadas de forma tímida com os conhecimentos matemáticos analisados nas áreas temáticas da base, dada a referência ao assunto presente no discurso de seu texto. Problemas como a formação dos educadores, o planejamento e a necessidade de novas práticas docentes são abordados, uma vez que podem contribuir para a compreensão, a visualização e a representação no ensino de Matemática. Dessa maneira, concluímos que é preciso cobrar políticas educacionais capazes de dar conta dessas necessidades que a nova realidade nos impõe.
Association of NQO1 C609T (Pro187Ser) with Risk of Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Eastern Indian Population
Authors: Mukherjee Sanjit , Mohanty Sweta , Katarkar Atul , Dhariwal Richa , Mahato Basudev , Ray Jay Gopal , Chaudhuri Keya
Published: July 2021

Objective: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a debilitating disease mainly attributed to chewing areca nut with a 7.4-13% malignant transformation rate. The present study explores the role of NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T (Pro187Ser) polymorphism in susceptibility to OSF among habitual areca nut chewers in an eastern Indian population. Material and Methods: In this hospital-based study, 152 controls and 179 OSF cases were genotyped at NQO1 C609T polymorphic site by PCR-RFLP and its effect on NQO1 expression in OSF tissue was studied to determine the risk of the disease. Results: Overall, about 18% of the total OSF cases were detected carrying minor TT alleles (Ser/Ser) p=0.026. When categorized by age, both CT (Pro/Ser) and TT (Ser/Ser) alleles were significantly higher (p= 0.003 & 0.004 respectively) in cases above 40years of age. NQO1 protein was 42% reduced in buccal tissues of heterozygous (Pro/Ser) carriers, whereas a 70% reduction was observed in TT (Ser/Ser) OSF cases. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the NQO1 C609T polymorphism confers increased risk for OSF in habitual chewers.
The Effectiveness of Personal Vocabulary Note (PVN) Technique through Al-Qur’an in Improving Students’ English Vocabulary
Authors: Syayyidina Ali  , Marzuki Mutmainnah
Published: July 2021

A good technique is required by the students to help them in acquring, extending and developing their English vocabulary. The aims of this research is to investigate the effects of personal vocabulary note (PVN) technique through Al-Qur'an in improving students' English vocabulary mastery. This study was an experimental model consisting of two groups: experimental and control group; it was conducted at Islamic Boarding School of Babul Khaer Kalumeme Bulukumba, South Sulawesi. Samples of the study were 30 students, 15 students were experimental group and 15 students were control group. The data were collected with pre-test, treatment and post-test. Writeen vocabulary test was administered to both groups of experimental and control; and it was analyzed and interpreted by means of SPSS 18.0 program. The results of the research indicated that personal vocabulary note technique through Al-Qur'an gives significant effect on students' vocabulary improvement. The result of the students' vocabulary score improvement from pre-test to post-test demonstrated significant differences. The research found that sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000 lower than 0.05. Comparison of the students' improvement beteween the two groups was 0.000 which meant that the improvement was significant.
A Study on the Women's Use of Social Media & Breast Cancer-related Health Information-Seeking Behavior: Utility of Information Channel as a Mediator
Authors: Qazi Tehmina Ashfaq , Hayat Noor
Published: July 2021

Social media is quickly becoming the most available and easiest source for seeking health information due to the emerging popularity of social media among people where everyone is expected to be online and connected to social media. This research was carried out to examine women's online breast cancer-related information-seeking behavior. The comprehensive model of information seeking (CMIS) was tested in Pakistan in order to examine the information-seeking behavior of women. Another significant factor of social stigma was added as an independent variable into the existing model. Researchers hypothesized that the utility of information channels plays a role of mediator in the association amongst the factors, i.e. demographics, social stigma, direct experience, salience, beliefs, and characteristics in the information-seeking behavior about breast cancer. The survey questionnaire was distributed among Six hundred women from Islamabad by using the convenient sampling technique. Researchers collected the data by already developed scales. Statistical test of Multiple Linear Regression was employed by the researchers. Therefore, the study carried out significant findings.
PHASES score and treatment scoring with cigarette smoking in the long-term prediction of rupturing of unruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Juvela Seppo
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

Treatment indications in unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are challenging because of the lack of prospective natural history studies without treatment selection and the decreasing incidence of aneurysm rupture. The purpose of this study was to test whether the population, hypertension, age, size of aneurysm, earlier aneurysm rupture, site of aneurysm (PHASES) score obtained from an individual-based meta-analysis could predict the long-term rupture risk of UIAs.

METHODS

The series included 142 patients of working age with UIAs diagnosed before 1979, when these were not treated but were followed up until the first rupture, death, or the last contact. PHASES scores were recorded for all patients by using the baseline variables and compared with the new treatment score obtained from a recent cohort, consisting of age, smoking status, and aneurysm size and location.

RESULTS

Of the 142 patients, 34 had an aneurysm rupture during a total follow-up of 3064 person-years. The median time between diagnosis and an aneurysm rupture was 10.6 years. The PHASES score at baseline was higher in those with an aneurysm rupture than in the others (5.3 ± 2.3 vs 4.2 ± 2.2, p = 0.012), and the difference relative to the new treatment score was 5.3 ± 2.4 versus 3.0 ± 2.2 (p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve of the PHASES score for predicting rupture showed a fair area under the curve (0.674, 95% CI 0.558–0.790) where the optimal cutoff point was obtained at ≥ 6 versus < 6 points for sensitivity (0.500) and specificity (0.811). The area under the curve of the new score was 0.755 (95% CI 0.657–0.853), with the optimal cutoff point at ≥ 5 versus < 5 points for sensitivity (0.607) and specificity (0.789).

CONCLUSIONS

The PHASES and the new scores predicted the long-term aneurysm rupture risk moderately well, with the latter, which also included smoking, being slightly better and easier in clinical practice. The findings suggest that treatment decisions about UIAs in patients of working age can be done with an improved cost-effectiveness.
Antimicrobial prophylaxis in noninstrumented spine surgery: a prospective study to determine efficacy and drawbacks
Authors: Amelot Aymeric , Riche Maximilien , Latreille Samuel , Degos Vincent , Carpentier Alexandre , Mathon Bertrand , Korinek Anne-Marie
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

The authors sought to evaluate the roles of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in noninstrumented spine surgery (NISS), both in postoperative infections and the impact on the selection of resistant bacteria. To the authors’ knowledge, only one prospective study recommending preoperative intravenous (IV) antibiotics for prophylaxis has been published previously.

METHODS

Two successive prospective IV antibiotic prophylaxis protocols were used: from 2011 to 2013 (group A: no prophylactic antibiotic) and from 2014 to 2016 (group B: prophylactic cefazolin). Patient infection rates, infection risk factors, and bacteriological status were determined.

RESULTS

In total, 2250 patients (1031 in group A and 1219 in group B) were followed for at least 1 year. The authors identified 72 surgical site infections, 51 in group A (4.9%) and 21 in group B (1.7%) (p < 0.0001). A multiple logistic regression hazard model identified male sex (HR 2.028, 95% CI 1.173–3.509; p = 0.011), cervical laminectomy (HR 2.078, 95% CI 1.147–3.762; p = 0.016), and postoperative CSF leak (HR 43.782, 95% CI 10.9–189.9; p < 0.0001) as independent predictive risk factors of infection. In addition, preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis was the only independent favorable factor (HR 0.283, 95% CI 0.164–0.488; p < 0.0001) that significantly reduced infections for NISS. Of 97 bacterial infections, cefazolin-resistant bacteria were identified in 26 (26.8%), with significantly more in group B (40%) than in group A (20.9%) (p = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS

A single dose of preoperative cefazolin is effective and mandatory in preventing surgical site infections in NISS. Single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis has an immediate impact on cutaneous flora by increasing cefazolin-resistant bacteria.
Impact of predominant symptom location among patients undergoing cervical spine surgery on 12-month outcomes: an analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database
Authors: Devin Clinton J. , Asher Anthony L. , Alvi Mohammed Ali , Yolcu Yagiz U. , Kerezoudis Panagiotis , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Bisson Erica F. , Knightly John J. , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Foley Kevin T. , Bydon Mohamad
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

The impact of the type of pain presentation on outcomes of spine surgery remains elusive. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of predominant symptom location (predominant arm pain vs predominant neck pain vs equal neck and arm pain) on postoperative improvement in patient-reported outcomes.

METHODS

The Quality Outcomes Database cervical spine module was queried for patients undergoing 1- or 2-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for degenerative spine disease.

RESULTS

A total of 9277 patients were included in the final analysis. Of these patients, 18.4% presented with predominant arm pain, 32.3% presented with predominant neck pain, and 49.3% presented with equal neck and arm pain. Patients with predominant neck pain were found to have higher (worse) 12-month Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores (coefficient 0.24, 95% CI 0.15–0.33; p < 0.0001). The three groups did not differ significantly in odds of return to work and achieving minimal clinically important difference in NDI score at the 12-month follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

Analysis from a national spine registry showed significantly lower odds of patient satisfaction and worse NDI score at 1 year after surgery for patients with predominant neck pain when compared with patients with predominant arm pain and those with equal neck and arm pain after 1- or 2-level ACDF. With regard to return to work, all three groups (arm pain, neck pain, and equal arm and neck pain) were found to be similar after multivariable analysis. The authors’ results suggest that predominant pain location, especially predominant neck pain, might be a significant determinant of improvement in functional outcomes and patient satisfaction after ACDF for degenerative spine disease. In addition to confirmation of the common experience that patients with predominant neck pain have worse outcomes, the authors’ findings provide potential targets for improvement in patient management for these specific populations.
Brain growth after surgical treatment for infant postinfectious hydrocephalus in Sub-Saharan Africa: 2-year results of a randomized trial
Authors: Schiff Steven J. , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Mbabazi-Kabachelor Edith , Mugamba John , Ssenyonga Peter , Donnelly Ruth , Levenbach Jody , Monga Vishal , Peterson Mallory , Cherukuri Venkateswararao , Warf Benjamin C.
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

Hydrocephalus in infants, particularly that with a postinfectious etiology, is a major public health burden in Sub-Saharan Africa. The authors of this study aimed to determine whether surgical treatment of infant postinfectious hydrocephalus in Uganda results in sustained, long-term brain growth and improved cognitive outcome.

METHODS

The authors performed a trial at a single center in Mbale, Uganda, involving infants (age < 180 days old) with postinfectious hydrocephalus randomized to endoscopic third ventriculostomy plus choroid plexus cauterization (ETV+CPC; n = 51) or ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS; n = 49). After 2 years, they assessed developmental outcome with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition (BSID-III), and brain volume (raw and normalized for age and sex) with CT scans.

RESULTS

Eighty-nine infants were assessed for 2-year outcome. There were no significant differences between the two surgical treatment arms in terms of BSID-III cognitive score (p = 0.17) or brain volume (p = 0.36), so they were analyzed together. Raw brain volumes increased between baseline and 2 years (p < 0.001), but this increase occurred almost exclusively in the 1st year (p < 0.001). The fraction of patients with a normal brain volume increased from 15.2% at baseline to 50.0% at 1 year but then declined to 17.8% at 2 years. Substantial normalized brain volume loss was seen in 21.3% patients between baseline and year 2 and in 76.7% between years 1 and 2. The extent of brain growth in the 1st year was not associated with the extent of brain volume changes in the 2nd year. There were significant positive correlations between 2-year brain volume and all BSID-III scores and BSID-III changes from baseline.

CONCLUSIONS

In Sub-Saharan Africa, even after successful surgical treatment of infant postinfectious hydrocephalus, early posttreatment brain growth stagnates in the 2nd year. While the reasons for this finding are unclear, it further emphasizes the importance of primary infection prevention and mitigation strategies along with optimizing the child’s environment to maximize brain growth potential.
Географічні детермінанти формування народної хореографічної культури Тернопільщини
Authors: Підлипський Андрій Ігорович
Published: July 2021

Мета статті – виявити основні механізми впливу географічних факторів на формування народної хореографічної культури Тернопільщини. Методологія. Для проведення дослідження застосовано комплекс методів: аналіз літератури, порівняння концепцій, з’ясування відповідності терміна означуваному поняттю (термінологічний метод), узагальнення інформації та ін. Наукова новизна. Вперше обґрунтовано та введено в хореологічний дискурс поняття «фронтир» в значенні зони інтенсивної взаємодії різних культур. Висновки. Географічні умови проживання, детермінуючи особливості художньої культури, зокрема й танців, впливають на формування територіальної ідентичності населення. Географічне розташування Тернопільської області на перетині трьох регіонів (Галичина, Поділля, Волинь), що відрізняються багатьма елементами традиційно-побутової культури, спричиняє ситуацію територіального фронтиру («порубіжжя»). Тема фронтиру в хореографії лишається практично не висвітленою, хоча це питання безпосередньо стосується буття танцю українського етносу і його ролі (як і хореографічної культури) у формуванні ментальності, національного характеру й національної ідентичності. Якщо розглядати фронтир як комплексний, багатогранний феномен, що включає не лише природно-географічні, економічні, господарсько-історичні, а й філософсько-культурологічні, духовно-ментальні аспекти, то цілком закономірним постає і включення художньо-мистецького фронтиру, а у нашому випадку – хореографічного (чи танцювального) фронтиру. Крім того, еволюція змістового наповнення поняття «фронтир» у ХХ ст. при здійсненні його операціоналізації, дозволяє ввести це поняття у хореографічний науковий дискурс. При цьому операціоналізація поняття фронтир у статусі категорії мистецтвознавства ставить питання про його трактування як хореографічного конструкту, тобто концептуальної структури хореографічного наукового знання, й тим самим розглянути як один із смислоутворюючих чинників формування народно-сценічної хореографічної культури.
Народні танці долинян як джерело створення народно-сценічних композицій
Authors: Тимчула Андрій Васильович , Гутник Ірина Миколаївна
Published: July 2021

Мета статті – виявити специфіку народного танцю долинян як фольклорного першоджерела народно-сценічних хореографічних постановок. Методологія. Відповідно до специфіки мети та завдань дослідження застосовано типологічний метод, спрямований на виявлення місцевих особливостей традиційної долинної культури, відповідно до їх етнографічного районування; порівняльно-історичний метод (для порівняльного аналізу народної хореографічної культури місцево-територіальних груп долинян у контексті календарних та сімейних обрядів в історичному контексті); жанрово-типологічний метод (для аналізу особливостей відтворення різноманітного фольклорного танцювального матеріалу долинян у постановках народно-сценічних танців. Наукова новизна. Уперше виявлено структурно-стилістичні особливості традиційної народної хореографічної культури долинян відповідно до районування, проаналізовано хореографічні елементи, фігури, кроки й рухи. Висновки. Своєрідність хореографічної лексики долинян внаслідок впливу багатьох об’єктивних та суб’єктивних факторів протягом багатьох століть формувалася в умовах впливу танцювальної культури мадяр, румунів та гуцулів (характерно для локально-територіальної групи марамороські долиняни), угорців та словаків (боржавські й ужанські долиняни), а також специфічних особливостей лемківської та бойківської культури (перечинсько-березанські долиняни). Виявлено яскраві хореографічні виражальні засоби ритуальних та обрядових танців, серед яких «Увиванець» (довжанські долиняни), «Людська сколомийка», «Меньосоньтанц» (боржавські долиняни) та ін. Представлена студія не вичерпує всіх аспектів проблеми й може використовуватись у подальшому дослідженні питань, пов’язаних з розвитком народної хореографічної культури долинян та українців в цілому, а також стати основою для культурологічних та мистецтвознавчих розвідок з історії української хореографії, етнохореології, етнокультуралогії, хореопедагогіки та ін.
Жанр портрета в творчості хореографа Рудольфа Харатяна
Authors: Саргсян Назенік Гагіківна
Published: July 2021

Мета статті – обґрунтувати правомірність уведення в галузь дансологіі поняття «жанр портрета» на прикладі постановок балетмейстера Рудольфа Харатяна. Методологія. Шляхом мистецтвознавчого аналізу балетів хореографа Рудольфа Харатяна «Іпостасі», «Bachpassion» (Пристрасті Баха) і «La Boheme», порівняння хореографічних рішень жанру портрета в назвах балетів виявлено специфіку інтерпретації образів композиторів Моцарта і Баха, а також шансоньє Шарля Азнавура. Наукова новизна. Уперше на основі аналізу трьох балетів Рудольфа Харатяна в дансологію введено поняття «жанр портрета», під яким розуміємо хореографічний спектакль або окремий номер, героєм якого є історична особистість (а не вигаданий персонаж), представник мистецтва. Висновки. Жанр портрета не ідентичний такому в живопису або скульптурі, але ближчий до творів літератури чи кінематографу. У них, як і в хореографічній виставі, на перший план виходить не тільки той, про кого вони оповідають, а головне – як. У балеті «Іпостасі» переданий різноманітний духовний світ Моцарта – його іпостасі як образи дійових осіб створених ним опер. Вони то знаходяться з ним у повній гармонії, то співпереживають йому, то відриваються від свого творця. У «Bachpassion», крім самого Баха, беруть участь ще 13 балерин і танцівників, але немає конкретних персонажів – таке образне рішення музичного світу Баха. У «La Boheme» дію конкретизовано – це шлях Шарля Азнавура до визнання, протее назвати балет сюжетним не можна. Це швидше портрет шансоньє в інтер’єрі Монмартра. У перспективі жанр портрета може бути розглянутий більш широко, як хореографічний спектакль або окремий номер, героєм якого є історична особистість (а не вигаданий персонаж), безвідносно до того, представник він мистецтва, політики, науки, духовенства та ін.
Маска та емоційно-тілесний інтелект в мистецтві танцю ХХ – початку ХХІ століття
Authors: Шабаліна Олена Миколаївна
Published: July 2021

Мета дослідження – виявити роль феноменів «неомаска» та «антимаска» в мистецтві танцю ХХ – початку ХХІ ст. та у формуванні емоційно-тілесного інтелекту сучасного хореографа. Методологія. Застосування історичного, компаративного, мистецтвознавчого методів сприяло проведенню науково об’єктивного дослідження. Наукова новизна. Уведено поняття «неомаска» та «антимаска» у сферу хореографічного мистецтва, проаналізовано процеси трансформації ролі маски та формування передумов становлення поняття «емоційно-тілесний інтелект» у виставах хореографів модерного й постмодерного напрямів. Висновки. Поняття «неомаска» в сучасній хореографії можна застосувати для означення візуального образу, що має відкрите обличчя, але закрите тканиною тіло, або використання тканини для покриття обличчя й тіла разом. Під «антимаскою» розуміємо «оголення» психоемоційних проблем людини, повну свободу емоційних і тілесних проявів у танці з мінімальним використанням костюму, гриму, реквізиту. Зазначено, що адаптація людини до зміни парадигми сприйняття світу зі споглядальної на особистісну призвела до актуалізації емоційно-тілесного інтелекту як складника постановочної творчості хореографів та виконавської діяльності артистів-танцівників. Констатовано необхідність відкриття дискурсу стосовно питань про тривимірний світ людини (дух, душа, тіло), що сьогодні розуміють як «тілесність». Нині в сценічній культурі поширюється філософія сприйняття не «танцюючого тіла», а «тілесності образу». Завданням сучасного хореографічного мистецтва є відкриття людині (і учасникам танцювальних перфоменсів, і глядачам) можливостей усвідомленого проживання свого життя, зняття поверхневої маски, надання усвідомлення особистої відповідальності за життя через створення й демонстрацію сучасних образів. Предмет і концепт «маска» в хореографічному мистецтві пройшли шлях трансформації від використання маски для захисту та заміни образу тіла до свідомого співвідношення «я і тіло» в розвитку емоційного інтелекту хореографа та глядача.
Науково-технічний вимір європейського танцювального мистецтва кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ століття (на прикладі Лої Фуллер)
Authors: Цвєткова Лариса Юріївна
Published: July 2021

Мета дослідження – з’ясувати специфіку впливу науково-технічних досягнень на танцювальне мистецтво кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. на прикладі творчості Лої Фуллер. Методологія. На основі аналізу наукової літератури та джерел, застосування компаративного, хронологічного, порівняльного методів проведено науково обґрунтоване дослідження. Наукова новизна. Уперше в мистецтвознавстві розглянуто творчість представниці танцю модерн кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. Л. Фуллер в аспекті впливу досягнень науково-технічного прогресу на танцювальне мистецтво того часу. Висновки. Творчі експерименти Л. Фуллер свідчать про набуття хореографією науково-технологічного виміру і функціонування танцювального мистецтва кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. у просторі двох «світів» – художнього й науково-технічного. Якщо наука прагне зрозуміти епоху, знайти приховані смисли, а художня творчість створює ці смисли, то інтенція танцювального мистецтва цього періоду полягає в тому, щоб знайти ці приховані смисли й репрезентувати їх у своїй творчості. Відтак видатні митці (художники, режисери, хореографи, композитори та ін.), серед яких Л. Фуллер, не тільки виражали зміст своєї епохи, але й надавали їй смислового наповнення. Л. Фуллер намагалася мислити хореографією в категоріях, близьких до наукових. Творчість танцівниці була своєрідним бунтом проти усталених балетних форм, наслідуванням античної естетики через заперечення класичного танцю. Досвід Л. Фуллер став не лише кроком до створення танцю модерн, а й одним із перших досвідів інтегрування досягнень науково-технічного прогресу епохи в мистецтво танцю (світлові ефекти, кінопроєкції та ін.), що додатково підсилювало новітність і перспективність презентованої танцівницею пластики.
Issues of the Interview Genre in Contemporary Media Space
Authors: Medvedieva Alla , Chernenko Serhii
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the research is to investigate the problems of the genre in modern media discourse. Research methodology. When writing a scientific article, research methods are used: analysis and synthesis (analyzed and systematized the work of the interview genre have been analyzed and systematized), a comparative method (parallels of interviews in the world and Ukraine have been made), generalization and systematization (summarizing has been made due to practical knowledge and work with diverse literature). Scientific novelty. This article is relevant today, despite the huge number of ready-made materials and articles. Scientific work will help to understand the essence of conducting one of the most complex genres of information journalism and will demonstrate the problems of interviews in Ukraine. Conclusions. During the study of the interview genre in the modern media space, the problems of the interview genre were analyzed through scientific works. It has been established that interviews are a special genre in modern media discourse that helps to reveal or create something completely new and show another angle of the interlocutor. Being one of the leading genres on television, the interview makes a significant contribution to the growth of popularity in a modern environment on the leading channels of the country. Psychological factors have been disclosed, which contribute to the success of communication with a guest; potential problems, the main difficulties faced by the interviewer have been outlined. It has been proved that during the conversation, important moments that turn into information are revealed. The fact that in modern information space, especially in Ukrainian media, there is a lack of qualification of leaders during interviews, is accentuated. Based on them, we summarized the main problems and features of the interview genre. As a result, while working with the article, we have made a conclusion about the main problems of the genre on modern television.
Virtual Production: a New Approach to Filmmaking
Authors: Priadko Оleksandr , Sirenko Maksym
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the research is to investigate the components of virtual production, identify the structure, basic tools of virtual technologies and their benefits, to define differences between virtual processes and traditional filmmaking. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods of complex analysis of the processes that take place in virtual production, and analysis of basic virtual tools, computer programs; use a comparative method for virtual production and traditional film production technology; generalization of the work of virtual technologies, determination of their advantages and disadvantages, research of their influence on modern cinematography. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the systematic analysis of modern virtual technologies components and tools, determined the features of virtual production and its impact on the film industry, proven the relevance and rationality of the use of virtual technologies, both today and in the future. Conclusions. In the course of the research, numerous advantages and new opportunities offered by virtual production were revealed. The essence of virtual processes in film production is analyzed, it is shown how modern computer tools can be creatively applied at each stage of film production. Virtual production is the next logical step in the constant evolution of the film industry, which is changing the film industry today.
Soundtrack in Modern Cinema
Authors: Yunyk Tetiana , Tsarev Mykola
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the research is to analyze popular examples of modern cinema music to determine the features of its interaction with various elements of screen text, taking into account the applied nature and applying various relevant approaches to the study of soundtracks. The research methodology consists in the application of a set of methods for theoretical analysis of film music, their interaction with internal and external factors of influence on the formation of the viewer’s image-emotional sphere in conditions of purposeful perception of the storyline of modern cinema. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time the peculiarities of the music functioning in modern cinema were analyzed, the main trends in the development of film music in the socio-cultural conditions of our time were revealed, and film music from the perspective of the viewer as a “non-ideal” evaluator of soundtracks in modern cinema was also considered. Conclusions. The article, using various methodological approaches, has proved that film music in the framework of interaction with screen text manifests itself as a significant tool, expanding the artistic space of the film. Film music can go beyond direct acoustic information, reflecting the narrative and conceptual components of the work of art as a whole. A practical example of the manifestation of modern film music is the use of timbral colours as an instrument for revealing the context of events, time, and the image of a hero; leitmotif; experiments with the technical side of sound through the expansion of the imaginary space of the screen. The main trends in the development of film music in the socio-cultural conditions of our time are due to the release of soundtracks beyond the boundaries of a practical film instrument. The modern soundtrack occupies a significant part of the cultural space of music and culture in general. This position is facilitated by the composer’s conceptual approach, the style integrity of the work and the relative independence of the soundtrack in the general cultural space. The rating of soundtracks is given by the audience and depends on their aesthetic preferences and the level of musical “experience”. Soundtracks must meet the requirements of modern cinema and common cultural space, which contributes to the success of the film.
Psychological Aspects of Social Photography
Authors: Bordeniuk Serhii , Byshovets Viktoriia
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the research is to analyze the main features of social photography in the psychological aspect of the photographer. The research methodology is based on the application of a system-integrated approach to the review of this problem, within the framework of which a whole range of cultural, philosophical, psychological and professional qualities that affect viewers when viewing photographs is considered. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of modern typological features and characteristics of social photography. The opinions of scientists from different times on issues of the psychological aspects of social photography were also systematized and generalized. Conclusions. We have analyzed the components of the psychological aspect of social photography. With the help of the analysis, the value of psychology in the work of the photographer specializing in the field of social photography has been established. Structural components that form a psychological aspect in the photo have been developed in detail. The factors that influence the rating of social photography have been summarized. The importance of the psychological aspects of social photography has been determined, since during the work at the same time the process of becoming the author himself, and his main task is to not just capture the environment but through his work to express feelings, emotions and thoughts.