bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facilitators and barriers of relatives’ involvement in nursing care decisions and self-care of patients with acquired brain injury or malignant brain tumour: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Guldager Rikke , Loft Mia Ingerslev , Nordentoft Sara , Aadal Lena , Poulsen Ingrid
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Involving relatives can contribute to better quality of care and treatment, and lead to higher satisfaction with hospitalisation in the patients, relatives and healthcare professionals. Nurses play an important role in developing a trusting relationship and facilitating relatives’ involvement, since they are around the patient and relatives all day. Thus, involvement is central to the nursing practice. However, involving relatives seems complex and multifaceted with many possible facilitators and barriers to nurses.’

Objective

The objective of this scoping review is to identify and map the available evidence concerning possible facilitators and barriers to nurses involving relatives in the course of treating disease in individuals who have sustained an acquired brain injury or malignant brain tumour in all settings.

Methods and analysis

The proposed scoping review will be performed following the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews. Indexed and grey literature in English, Scandinavian or German languages from 2010 to the present will be considered. The searches will be conducted using bibliographic databases: Medline (via PubMed), CINAHL (via EBSCO) and EMBASE (via OVID). Two reviewers will independently screen the studies and determine if their title, abstract and full text meet the study’s inclusion criteria. In case of disagreement, a third and fourth reviewer will be consulted. A customised data extraction form will be used to extract data from the included studies. The results will be presented in tabular form, accompanied by a narrative summary related to the objective of the present scoping review. This scoping review will consider studies that involve nurses caring for individuals with an acquired brain injury or malignant brain tumour in all settings (community, primary care, health care centres, hospital and long-term care institutions). Studies will be included if they describe any kind of facilitators or barriers to involving relatives, and the review will consider all study designs.
Excessive neutrophil recruitment promotes typical T-helper 17 responses in Coronavirus disease 2019 patients
Authors: Choto Tanaka Arthur , Makupe Ian , Cakana Andrew Zolani , Sibanda Elopy Nimele , Mduluza Takafira
Published: August 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a recently identified virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease is a pandemic. Although the hallmarks of severe COVID-19 have been established, the underlying mechanisms that promote severe pathology have not been thoroughly studied. A better understanding of the immune response in severe COVID-19 patients may help guide the development of therapeutic strategies and predict immuno-pathogenicity. This study was set to determine the lymphocyte and cytokine profiles associated with COVID-19 severity. A total of 43 hospitalised COVID-19 patients were recruited for the study and whole blood samples were drawn from each patient. Complete blood counts, lymphocyte subset profiles and C-reactive protein statuses of patients were determined. Cytometric bead array was performed to analyse the cytokine profiles of each patient. The demographic characteristics showed that the median age of the patients was 48.72 years, with an interquartile range from 40 to 60 years, and 69.77% of the patients were male. COVID-19 patients exhibited significantly low CD4+ lymphocyte expansion and leucocytosis augmented by elevated neutrophil and immature granulocytes. Stratification analysis revealed that reduced monocytes and elevated basophils and immature granulocytes are implicated in severe pathology. Additionally, cytokine results were noted to have significant incidences of interleukin 17A (IL-17A) expression associated with severe disease. Results from this study suggest that a systemic neutrophilic environment may preferentially skew CD4+ lymphocytes towards T-helper 17 and IL-17A promotion, thus, aggravating inflammation. Consequently, results from this study suggest broad activity immunomodulation and targeting neutrophils and blocking IL-17 production as therapeutic strategies against severe COVID-19.
Assessment of performance characteristics of COVID-19 ICD-10-CM diagnosis code U07.1 using SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification test results
Authors: Moll Keran , Hobbi Shayan , Zhou Cindy Ke , Fingar Kathryn , Burrell Timothy , Hernandez-Medina Veronica , Obidi Joyce , Alawar Nader , Anderson Steven A. , Wong Hui-Lee , Shoaibi Azadeh
Published: August 2022

The Food and Drug Administration’s Biologics Effectiveness and Safety Initiative conducts active surveillance to protect public health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study evaluated performance of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) diagnosis code U07.1 in identifying COVID-19 cases in claims compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid amplification test results in linked electronic health records (EHRs). Care episodes in three populations were defined using COVID-19-related diagnoses (population 1), SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification test procedures (population 2), and all-cause hospitalizations (population 3) in two linked claims-EHR databases: IBM® MarketScan® Explorys® Claims-EMR Data Set (commercial) and OneFlorida Data Trust linked Medicaid-EHR. Positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Respectively, populations 1, 2, and 3 included 26,686, 26,095, and 2,564 episodes (commercial) and 29,117, 23,412, and 9,629 episodes (Florida Medicaid). The positive predictive value was >80% and the negative predictive value was >95% in each population, with the highest positive predictive value in population 3 (commercial: 91.9%; Medicaid: 93.1%). Findings did not vary substantially by patient age. Positive predictive values in populations 1 and 2 fluctuated during April–June 2020. They then stabilized in the commercial but not the Medicaid population. Negative predictive values were consistent over time in all populations and databases. Our findings indicate that U07.1 has high performance in identifying COVID-19 cases and noncases in claims databases. Performance may vary across populations and periods.
Swimming performance, physiology, and post-activation performance enhancement following dryland transition phase warmup: A systematic review
Authors: McKenzie Max R. , McKean Mark R. , Doyle Danielle P. , Hogarth Luke W. , Burkett Brendan J.
Published: August 2022

Background

In swimming, the period between the end of the swimming warmup and the beginning of competition is critical to performance, here termed the transition phase. Several options are available during this phase, necessitating a systematic review to understand if optimal strategies exist.

Objectives

To synthesise and critically evaluate the current literature investigating land-based warmup interventions on subsequent performance in competitive swimmers.

Methods

A search of three electronic databases (PubMed, EBSCO SPORTDiscus and Web of Science) was conducted to identify original studies until February 2022. Selection criteria dictated that (i) a control condition was used, (ii) participants were ≥ 15 years of age, (iii) a pool-based warmup was done prior to the land-based warmup. A total of 25 articles met the selection criteria.

Results

Reducing the transition phase duration by at least half led to consistently faster time-trial times of between 1.1–1.5% for all included studies. Passive warmups using clothing interventions resulted in mostly faster time-trial’s of 0.4–0.8% with increases in skin temperature frequent, though little change occurred in core temperature. The methodology of passive respiratory warmups were vastly different with positive time-trial’s effects ranging between 0.9–1.1% for two studies, though one reported no meaningful difference. Active warmups led to consistently faster time-trial’s between 0.7–0.9%, though the unpinning factors are not clear. Warmups which combined passive and active options frequently led to faster time-trial’s between 0.8–3%. Upper and combined limb post-activation performance enhancement led to mostly unfavourable time-trial changes. Lower limb exclusive protocols results were inconsistent, with limited beneficial effects on time-trial or start performance reported following plyometric protocols. However, there does appear merit in heavier loaded lower limb protocols.

Conclusion

Each of a reduced transition phase length, and passive, active or combination warmup have demonstrated improvements in swimming performance. Conversely, PAPE protocols should be used with caution, especially when including the upper limbs.
Clinical reasoning education in the clerkship years: A cross-disciplinary national needs assessment
Authors: Gold Jonathan G. , Knight Christopher L. , Christner Jennifer G. , Mooney Christopher E. , Manthey David E. , Lang Valerie J.
Published: August 2022

Background

Improving clinical reasoning education has been identified as an important strategy to reduce diagnostic error—an important cause of adverse patient outcomes. Clinical reasoning is fundamental to each specialty, yet the extent to which explicit instruction in clinical reasoning occurs across specialties in the clerkship years remains unclear.

Method

The Alliance for Clinical Education (ACE) Clinical Reasoning Workgroup and the Directors of Clinical Skills Courses (DOCS) Clinical Reasoning Workgroup collaborated to develop a clinical reasoning needs assessment survey. The survey questionnaire covered seven common clinical reasoning topics including illness scripts, semantic qualifiers, cognitive biases and dual process theory. Questionnaires were delivered electronically through ACE member organizations, which are primarily composed of clerkship leaders across multiple specialties. Data was collected between March of 2019 and May of 2020.

Results

Questionnaires were completed by 305 respondents across the six organizations. For each of the seven clinical reasoning topics, the majority of clerkship leaders (range 77.4% to 96.8%) rated them as either moderately important or extremely important to cover during the clerkship curriculum. Despite this perceived importance, these topics were not consistently covered in respondents’ clerkships (range 29.4% to 76.4%) and sometimes not covered anywhere in the clinical curriculum (range 5.1% to 22.9%).

Conclusions

Clerkship educators across a range of clinical specialties view clinical reasoning instruction as important, however little curricular time is allocated to formally teach the various strategies. Faculty development and restructuring of curricular time may help address this potential gap.
Is it time to change the approach of mental health stigma campaigns? An experimental investigation of the effect of campaign wording on stigma and help-seeking intentions
Authors: Hazell Cassie M. , Fixsen Alison , Berry Clio
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Mental health stigma causes a range of diverse and serious negative sequelae. Anti-stigma campaigns have largely aligned with medical theories and categorical approaches. Such campaigns have produced some improvements, but mental health stigma is still prevalent. The effect of alternative theoretical perspectives on mental health within anti-stigma campaigns has not been tested. Moreover, we do not know their effect on help-seeking intentions.

Methods

We conducted an online experimental pre-post study comparing the effects of two anti-stigma campaign posters on mental health stigma and help-seeking intentions. One poster adhered to the medical, categorical approach to mental health, whereas the other poster portrayed mental health problems in line with a non-categorical, continuous perspective.

Results

After controlling for familiarity with the campaign poster, country of residence and pre-test scores, we found no significant between-group differences in terms of help-seeking intentions and all stigma attitudes except for danger-related beliefs. That is, those who viewed the non-categorical poster reported an increased perception that people with mental health problems are dangerous.

Discussion

Our largely null findings may suggest the equivalence of these posters on stigma and help-seeking intentions but may also reflect the brevity of the intervention. Our findings concerning danger beliefs may reflect a Type I error, the complexities of stigma models, or the adverse effects of increased perceived contact. Further research is needed to test the effects of differing mental health paradigms on stigma and help-seeking intentions over a longer duration.
Decoding molecular recognition of inhibitors targeting HDAC2 via molecular dynamics simulations and configurational entropy estimation
Authors: Tateing Suriya , Suree Nuttee
Published: August 2022

Molecular recognition by enzymes is a complicated process involving thermodynamic energies governing protein-ligand interactions. In order to aid the estimation of inhibitory activity of compounds targeting an enzyme, several computational methods can be employed to dissect this intermolecular contact. Herein, we report a structural dynamics investigation of an epigenetic enzyme HDAC2 in differentiating its binding to various inhibitors within the sub-sites of its active site. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed to elucidate the intermolecular interactions as well as the dynamics behavior of ligand binding. MD trajectories of five distinct HDAC2-inhibitor complexes reveal that compounds lacking adequate contacts with the opening rim of the active site possess high fluctuation along the cap portion, thus weakening the overall affinity. Key intermolecular interactions determining the effective binding of inhibitors include hydrogen bonds with Gly154, Asp181, and Tyr308; hydrophobic interactions between Phe155/Phe210 and the linker region; and a pi-stacking with Arg39 at the foot pocket. Decomposition of the binding free energy calculated per-residue by MM/PBSA also indicates that the interactions within the internal foot pocket, especially with residues Met35, Leu144, Gly305, and Gly306, can contribute significantly to the ligand binding. Additionally, configurational entropy of the binding was estimated and compared to the scale of the binding free energy in order to assess its contribution to the binding and to differentiate various ligand partners. It was found that the levels of entropic contribution are comparable among a set of structurally similar carbamide ligands, while it is greatly different for the set of unrelated ligands, ranging from 2.75 to 16.38 kcal/mol for the five inhibitors examined. These findings exemplify the importance of assessing molecular dynamics as well as estimating the entropic contribution in evaluating the ligand binding mechanism.
Postural displacement induced by electrical stimulation; A new approach to examine postural recovery
Authors: Tahayori Behdad , Tahayori Bahman , Mehdizadeh Alireza , Koceja David M.
Published: August 2022

Background

Controlling upright posture entails acute adjustments by the neuromuscular system to keep the center of mass (COM) within the limits of a relatively small base of support. Sudden displacement of the COM triggers several strategies and balance recovery mechanisms to prevent excessive COM displacement.

New method

We have examined and quantified a new approach to induce an internal neuromuscular perturbation in standing posture on 15 healthy individuals to provide an insight into the mechanism of loss of balance (LOB). The method comprises eliciting an H-reflex protocol while subjects are standing which produces a contraction in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. We have also defined analytical techniques to provide biomarkers of balance control during perturbation. We used M-Max unilaterally or bilaterally and induced a forward or sideway perturbation. The vector analysis and the Equilibrium Point calculations defined here can quantify the amplitude, direction, and evolution of the perturbation.

Results

Clear patterns of loss of balance due to stimulation was observed. Compared to quiet standing, the density of the EPs substantially increased in the perturbation phase. Leftward stimulation produced significantly higher number of EPs compared to the bilateral stimulation condition which could be due to the fact that the left leg was the nondominant side in all our subjects.

Comparison and conclusion

In this study we provide a proof-of-concept technique for examining recovery from perturbation. The advantage of this technique is that it provides a safe perturbation, is internally induced at the spinal cord level, and is free from other factors that might complicate the recovery analysis (e.g., locomotion and the integration of the spinal pattern generator and cutaneous pathways in mediating changes). We have shown that the perturbation induced by this method can be quantified as vectors. We have also shown that the density of instantaneous equilibrium points (EPs) could be a good biomarker for defining and examining the perturbation phase. Thus, this protocol and analysis provides a unique individual assessment of recovery which can be used to assess interventions. Finally, given that the maximal motor response is used as the perturbation (e.g., M-max) it is highly reliable and reproducible within an individual patient.
Intraspecies variation of the mitochondrial genome: An evaluation for phylogenetic approaches based on the conventional choices of genes and segments on mitogenome
Authors: Morón-López Jesús , Vergara Karen , Sato Masanao , Gajardo Gonzalo , Ueki Shoko
Published: August 2022

Intraspecies nucleotide sequence variation is a key to understanding the evolutionary history of a species, such as the geographic distribution and population structure. To date, numerous phylogenetic and population genetics studies have been conducted based on the sequences of a gene or an intergenic region on the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA), such as cytochrome c oxidase subunits or the D-loop. To evaluate the credibility of the usage of such ‘classic’ markers, we compared the phylogenetic inferences based on the analyses of the partial and entire mtDNA sequences. Importantly, the phylogenetic reconstruction based on the short marker sequences did not necessarily reproduce the tree topologies based on the analyses of the entire mtDNA. In addition, analyses on the datasets of various organisms revealed that the analyses based on the classic markers yielded phylogenetic trees with poor confidence in all tested cases compared to the results based on full-length mtDNA. These results demonstrated that phylogenetic analyses based on complete mtDNA sequences yield more insightful results compared to those based on mitochondrial genes and segments. To ameliorate the shortcomings of the classic markers, we identified a segment of mtDNA that may be used as an ‘approximate marker’ to closely reproduce the phylogenetic inference obtained from the entire mtDNA in the case of mammalian species, which can be utilized to design amplicon-seq-based studies. Our study demonstrates the importance of the choice of mitochondrial markers for phylogenetic analyses and proposes a novel approach to choosing appropriate markers for mammalian mtDNA that reproduces the phylogenetic inferences obtained from full-length mtDNA.
Realizing UN decade on ecosystem restoration through a nature-based approach: A case review of management of biological invasions in protected areas
Authors: Munishi Linus K. , Ngondya Issakwisa B.
Published: August 2022

As the influx of different invasive species and their spread to new areas increases, there is a need for a rigorous and relevant scientific evidence-based control and restoration (EBCR) approaches to inform practical decisions and policymaking. While evidence-based decision is gaining popularity in science and policy, its potential for transformative change especially in the management of invasive plant species remains unexplored. Control and restoration of areas invaded by invasive plant species in natural and protected ecosystems require such decisions. Here, we provide a framework to guide how EBCR can contribute to transformative change and we argue that upscaling existing EBCR practices in areas invaded by invasive plant species (especially in protected areas (PAs)) requires coalitions of interdisciplinary science, public, private, and civil society actors with a common goal. Since actors’ roles and stakeholder interactions are dynamic, to achieve durable impacts, the upscaling process must continually engage and involve actors, while maintaining a balance of incentives among them. Social and cultural dimensions of local communities as well as their indigenous and local knowledge need to be incorporated. Pathways to upscaling EBCR may involve leveraging adaptive governance, integrating successful initiatives and lessons into public policy and practices, or reinforcing governance and management-led change with private efforts. We identify general lessons from (complex) PAs for successful upscaling of EBCR and illustrate the components of our framework through a novel application of a nature-based approach (NbA) in PAs invaded by invasive plant species.
Assessment of drinking water access and household water insecurity: A cross sectional study in three rural communities of the Menoua division, West Cameroon
Authors: Nounkeu Carole Debora , Metapi Yvan Dymas , Ouabo Florent Kamkumo , Kamguem Agnes Suzanne Toguem , Nono Bertin , Azza Nicholas , Leumeni Patrice , Nguefack-Tsague Georges , Todem David , Dharod Jigna Morarji , Kuate Dieudonne
Published: August 2022

Water is a physiological need, key for survival. In limited water access situations, health, well-being, and productivity of households are negatively affected. Water insecurity refers to when access to adequate amount of clean water does not occur all the times for household members to lead a healthy and active life. A cross sectional study was conducted with 121 women from three rural communities in the West-Cameroon, to assess water insecurity experience and its correlation with related indicators. Specifically, this study aimed to: examine drinking water access by time spent on collection and distance to the water source, determine the prevalence of household water insecurity, and examine the relationship between water insecurity and diarrhea as well as drinking water access-related indicators. The main sources of drinking water included boreholes (69%), wells (13%), and rivers (12%). Each household spent an average total amount of 3 hours on water fetching. The mean duration of the drinking water stored was 4 days, after which the process was repeated. The majority of households (94.2%) were water insecure (total WATINE-17 score ≥1). About 61% reported drinking less water than they felt they should and 32% of them, said they had to drink dirty water. Water insecurity mean score was higher in households who reported diarrhea among their 0–5 years old children than their counterparts (p = 0.008). This study highlights the problem that good access to improved water source still represents in low-resource households of rural areas, with the subsequent complex interactions on women and children’s health. Future research on water management and storage is warranted to understand the sources of cross-contamination and to identify the potential points of intervention to ensure safe drinking water for rural households. Policies should be designed in order to incorporate systematic household water insecurity measurement in monitoring advancement towards 2030 SDG.
The tower of experience: The integral ascent of arts knowing
Authors: Kawka Marta
Published: August 2022

In this visual essay, I render my journey up the Tower of Experience. The tower has four levels – physical, emotional, cognitive and spiritual – and each level expresses a different way of knowing and experiencing. These levels express a deep and broad interpretation of reality, and thus a way through which to understand artistic experience and inquiry. The tower illustrates perennialism’s hierarchical stages of ascent towards wholeness of Being, which inspire me to create integral and holistic arts learning experiences for my visual arts education students. The purpose of this essay was to visualize my felt-sense of the tower and connect this to my teaching concerns. In subsequent investigations, I will analyse the symbolism and phenomenological response to the tower artworks.
The stool that became a tree: Reflecting on a collaborative student project in design education
Authors: Sjøvoll Vibeke
Published: August 2022

Which possibilities are there for cultivating critical, creative, artistic and ethical thinking in collaboration with a major corporation in a student project? The project explored in this article involved first-year students enrolled in a BA product design course at the Oslo Metropolitan University. The research approach combined methods such as practice-led research with students, photo-elicitation interviews, autoethnographic writing and reflections. The article attends to potentials and failures in critical, creative and artistic practices that aim to challenge problematic modes of production in society today. The project initially set out to explore critical modes of creativity and making practices that are different from commercial design. However, the same project was embraced by Ikea, who both sponsored it and exhibited the final results. This embrace may have the effect of zeroing out, countering or incorporating attempts to be critical towards commercial design.
Investigation of the antiremodeling effects of losartan, mirabegron and their combination on the development of doxorubicin-induced chronic cardiotoxicity in a rat model
Authors: Freiwan Marah
Published: August 2022

Despite the effectiveness of doxorubicin (DOXO) as a chemotherapeutic agent, dose-dependent development of chronic cardiotoxicity limits its application. The angiotensin-II receptor blocker losartan is commonly used to treat cardiac remodeling of various etiologies. The beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron was reported to improve chronic heart failure. Here we investigated the effects of losartan, mirabegron and their combination on the development of DOXO-induced chronic cardiotoxicity. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: (i) control; (ii) DOXO-only; (iii) losartan-treated DOXO; (iv) mirabegron-treated DOXO; (v) losartan plus mirabegron-treated DOXO groups. The treatments started 5 weeks after DOXO administration. At week 8, echocardiography was performed. At week 9, left ventricles were prepared for histology, qRT-PCR, and Western blot measurements. Losartan improved diastolic but not systolic dysfunction and ameliorated SERCA2a repression in our DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity model. The DOXO-induced overexpression of Il1 and Il6 was markedly decreased by losartan and mirabegron. Mirabegron and the combination treatment improved systolic and diastolic dysfunction and significantly decreased overexpression of Smad2 and Smad3 in our DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity model. Only mirabegron reduced DOXO-induced cardiac fibrosis significantly. Mirabegron and its combination with losartan seem to be promising therapeutic tools against DOXO-induced chronic cardiotoxicity.
POSTOPERATIVE ASPECTS OF SEPTOPLASTY WITH AND WITHOUT THE USE OF A NASAL SPLINT
Authors: Franca Rodrigo Stanzani , Ferri Rafael Martins
Published: August 2022

Septoplasty surgery is one of the most common procedures in the field of facial surgery. Although the rate of postoperative complications for this procedure is quite low, they can occur. To reduce the rate of these possible complications, several techniques were incorporated into the septoplasty procedure, including nasal packing, transseptal suture, nasal splint, among others. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of using a nasal splint on postoperative comfort and nasal aspects. For this purpose, patients with indication for septoplasty surgery who met the inclusion criteria were selected. Half of the patients were randomly allocated to use a nasal splint, and the other half did not. Postoperatively, nasal aspects (mucosal edema, secretion aspect, bleeding, synechiae, presence of crusts) and patient comfort were evaluated by means of a questionnaire based on the adapted NOSE scale and pain assessment.
Multifunctional attributes of endophytic Pseudomonas strains isolated from the leaves of medicinal plants
Authors: Berde Chanda V , Berde Vikrant B
Published: August 2022

Endophytic bacteria are responsible for improved plant growth due to its role in nitrogen fixation, indole acetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilization etc and in plant protection through various mechanisms and production of bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the plant growth promoting potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from medicinal plants namely, Adulsa, Amla, Bael, Kadamb, Mango, Neem, Tulsi. Endophytic bacteria isolated from the medicinal plants, comprised of 68% Gram positive and 29% Gram negative bacteria. Seventeen distinctly unique Gram-negative endophytes were selected for further analysis. The selected endophytes were tentatively identified as Pseudomonas sp. The multifarious endophytes were capable of nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilisation, indole acetic acid (IAA) production, production of antimicrobial compounds and aromatic compound degradation. Some of the endophytic strains were found to harbor plasmids that may play a role in aromatic compound degradation. This study emphasizes the potential of endophytic Pseudomonas species in enhancing plant growth and plant protection.
Research on reform and breakthrough of news, film, and television media based on artificial intelligence
Authors: Li Xiaojing
Published: August 2022

With the development of technology, news media and film and television media are spreading faster and faster, and at the same time, the spread of rumors is also accelerated. This article briefly describes the application of artificial intelligence in news media and film and television media using a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) algorithm to reform refutation of rumors in news media and film and television media, and compared it with K-means and support vector machine algorithms in simulation experiments. The results showed that the BPNN-based rumor recognition model had better recognition performance and shorter recognition time; it was more accurate in recognizing Weibo texts that were complete and faster in recognizing bullet screen comments that were short; the BPNN-based rumor recognition model also had the lowest false detection cost and performed stably when being used in actual Weibo platform and bullet screen video website.
Optimal disturbances for periodic solutions of time-delay differential equations
Authors: Khristichenko Michael Yu. , Nechepurenko Yuri M.
Published: August 2022

A concept of optimal disturbances of periodic solutions for a system of time-delay differential equations is defined. An algorithm for computing the optimal disturbances is proposed and justified. This algorithm is tested on the known system of four nonlinear time-delay differential equations modelling the dynamics of the experimental infection caused by the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. The results of numerical experiments are discussed.
Concentration-associated genotoxicity of the herbicide marvel in Oreochromis niloticus erythrocytes and in human and mouse Balb/c lymphocytesalb/c
Authors: Reynoso Silva Mónica , Villalobos Arámbula Alma Rosa , Ruíz Ramírez Mario Alberto , Alvarez Moya Carlos
Published: August 2022

The genotoxic activity of various concentrations of the marvel herbicide (0.76 μg/1 ml, 7.68 μg/1 ml, 76.8 μg/1 ml, 768 μg/1 ml) was evaluated in lymphocytes of humans and in Balb/c strain mice, as well as in erythrocytes of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). They were exposed to each of the concentrations for 6 h, and then genetic damage was evaluated using the comet assay. All concentrations tested induced significant genetic damage compared to the negative control (p < 0.01). On the other hand, there were no differences between the blood cells of the organisms studied. Tail length and tail moment increased starting from 0.76 μg/1 ml concentration, which is the lowest concentration reported to cause any genetic damage. Data suggest that the reported differences regarding the genotoxicity of marvel and its active ingredients are due to the marked differences between the concentrations studied and the adjuvants present in the commercial formulations.
Mechanisms of Myocardial Stunning in Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Pei Quanwei , Mbabazi Nadine , Zou Lina , Zhang Junpei , Yin Hongpeng , Li Bin , Wang Jiaxin , Wang Weifa , Lin Pengqi , Yang Junjie , Yin Dechun
Published: August 2022

Stress-induced cardiomyopathy, in contrast to acute myocardial infarction, is a type of acute heart failure characterized by reversible left ventricular dysfunction. Cardiac imaging primarily reveals left ventricle myocardial stunning, 81.7% of which is apical type. Emotional or psychological stress usually precedes the onset of stress-induced cardiomyopathy, which is increasingly being recognized as a unique neurogenic myocardial stunning disease. To distinguish between acute myocardial infarction and acute viral or auto-immune myocarditis, this review summarizes specific mechanisms of myocardial stunning in stress-induced cardiomyopathy, such as calcium disorders, metabolic alterations, anatomical and histological variations in different parts of the left ventricle, and microvascular dysfunction.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS ON THE OPERATIONAL AND HYGIENIC PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE MATERIALS
Authors: Paraska Olga , Kovtun Hrystyna , Hes Lubos , Horiashchenko Serhiy
Published: August 2022

At the present stage of development of society, in pandemic conditions, people are experiencing the growing influence of man-made factors (energy flows of internal and external origin, ionizing radiation, etc.), some drugs, pathogenic microflora (fungi, viruses, bacteria, intracellular parasites). The origination of a critical mass of parasitogens can be prevented by using, in addition to traditional methods of prevention and treatment, textile materials with certain additional properties obtained by antimicrobial treatment. The aim is to study the change in the operational and hygienic properties of cellulosic materials after treatment with antimicrobials. To assess the effect of antimicrobials (biguanide derivatives and quaternary ammonium salts) on the operational and hygienic properties of cellulosic materials (cotton fabric) the following indicators were taken into account: strength, stiffness, wrinkle recovery, capillarity of materials, structural and morphological characteristics. The results of research have confirmed the possibility of using solutions of antimicrobial agents for effective processing of wares, without destructive effects on the structure of cellulosic materials; allowed to introduce a research methodology to provide antimicrobial properties of cellulosic materials of different assortment.
Trends of Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Pediatric Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Willer Brittany L. , Tobias Joseph D. , Suttle Markita L. , Nafiu Olubukola O. , Mpody Christian
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), eminently preventable nosocomial infections, are a substantial source of morbidity, mortality, and increased resource utilization in pediatric care. Racial or ethnic disparities in health outcomes have been demonstrated across an array of medical specialties and practices in pediatric patients. However, it is unknown whether disparities exist in the rate of CLABSIs. Our objective was to evaluate the trends in racial and ethnic disparities of CLABSIs over the past 5 years.

METHODS

This is a retrospective cohort study using data from Pediatric Health Information System database collected from tertiary children's hospitals in the United States. Participants included 226 802 children (<18 years) admitted to the emergency department or inpatient ward between 2016 and 2021 who required central venous catheter placement. The primary outcome was risk-adjusted rate of CLABSI, occurring during the same admission, across race and ethnicity.

RESULTS

Of the 226 802 children, 121 156 (53.4%) were White, 40 589 (17.9%) were Black, and 43 374 (19.1%) were Hispanic. CLABSI rate decreased in all racial/ethnic groups over the study period, with the rates being consistently higher in Black (relative risk [RR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–1.37; P < .01) and Hispanic children (RR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.08–1.26; P < .01) than in White children. There was no statistically significant evidence that gaps in CLABSI rate between racial/ethnic groups narrowed over time.

CONCLUSIONS

CLABSI rate was persistently higher among Black and Hispanic children than their White peers. These findings emphasize the need for future exploration of the causes of persistent racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric patients.
Der Frieden Gottes und der Frieden auf Erden
Authors: Hofheinz Marco
Published: August 2022

Der „Frieden auf Erden“ ist nicht nur die weihnachtliche Botschaft des Engels an die Hirten auf den Feldern Bethlehems (Lk 2,14). Friedensethische Diskurse sind in verschiedenen religiösen Traditionen weltweit ausgeprägt. Zum Pluralismus der spätmodernen Gesellschaft gehören selbstverständlich auch säkulare Traditionen, in denen ein Friedensethos und friedensethische Diskurse ausgeprägt sind. Jedenfalls wirft diese komplexe Gemengelage u.a. die Frage nach dem Proprium christlicher Friedensethik auf: Was ist das Besondere einer christlichen Friedensethik? Diese virulente und den folgenden Ausführungen unterlegte Frage nach der Grundlegung einer christlichen Friedensethik wird diese nicht ausklammern können.  A paz de Deus e a paz na terra. Uma abordagem teológica para a fundação de uma ética de paz cristã “Paz na terra” não é apenas a mensagem de Natal do anjo para os pastores nos campos de Belém (Lucas 2:14). Discursos sobre ética da paz são proeminentes em várias tradições religiosas ao redor do mundo. É claro que o pluralismo da sociedade moderna tardia também inclui tradições seculares nas quais um ethos de paz e discursos éticos de paz são pronunciados. Em todo caso, esta situação complexa levanta, entre outras coisas, a questão do que é próprio da ética da paz cristã: o que há de especial na ética da paz cristã? Essa pergunta virulenta sobre o fundamento de uma ética cristã de paz, que é objeto das explicações a seguir, não poderá ser ignorada. Palavras-chave: Paz. Fé Cristã. Ética. Pluralismo.
A antropologia de Ireneu de Lião como contraponto à visão de ser humano dos gnósticos
Authors: Boni Maycon Renan da Silva Santos
Published: August 2022

Ireneu de Lião elaborou sua teologia para refutar o pensamento dos gnósticos que distorciam as Escrituras e ensinavam que havia três tipos de ser humano: hílico, psíquico e espiritual. Ireneu se dedicou a conhecer a doutrina deles, estudou de forma minuciosa o seu pensamento, e procurou apresentar a doutrina cristã, com base na Tradição dos apóstolos e na Escritura. A antropologia de Ireneu é bíblica, é otimista e, segundo ela, o ser humano é uma unidade de corpo, alma e espírito. Além disso, o ser humano foi criado por Deus para ter a visão de Deus um dia, ou seja, alcançar a divinização.
Immigration and the prospects for long-run population decreases in European countries
Authors: Parr Nick
Published: August 2022

Between 2009 and 2018, the total fertility rate fell in most European countries. In 2018, fertility was below the replacement level throughout Europe. Net migration was positive for two-thirds of European countries. This paper illustrates the implications for long-run population growth of observed net migration-fertilitymortality combinations in 20 European countries over the 2009–18 period by comparing the observed net migration to a zero population growth-related ‘replacement level’ for net migration. The results show that in several northern and north-western European countries, the net migration level has been consistently above this replacement level: if the net migration level and fertility and mortality rates remain constant, the population would increase. However, the findings also indicate that in all of the eastern European countries covered, the net migration level has been consistently below the net migration replacement level. The results further show that in Finland, Norway and Switzerland, the long-run implications of having constant fertility-mortality-net migration levels change from leading to population growth to leading to population decline. The opposite pattern is observed in Germany. The feasibility of preventing long-run population decreases through changes in net migration levels is discussed in light of the results.
KONDISI TUBUH DAN JIWA SETELAH KEMATIAN DALAM FILSAFAT MULLA SHADRA DAN AL-GHAZALI
Authors: Nurfadhilah Lufi
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this research is to examine the thoughts of Mulla Shadra and al-Ghazali on a condition of body and soul after death. This paper is a literature study, using qualitative methods, and Islamic philosophy as an umbrella theory. The findings in this study are that both offer each other three concepts of physical resurrection and there are differences in views on Mulla Shadra and al-Ghazali regarding physical resurrection. On the basis of this, the researchers concluded that body and soul will be resurrected after death according to Mulla Shadra and al-Ghazali and the resurrected body is the old body which is material according to al-Ghazali, while for Mulla Shadra it is the new immaterial body which is the imagination of the human psyche.
Hadis-hadis tentang Pengobatan Herbal: Studi Takhrij dan Syarah Hadis dengan Tinjauan Kesehatan
Authors: Bakti Islami Muhammad Luthfi
Published: August 2022

This study aims to discuss the hadiths regarding herbal medicine with a health review. This study applies a qualitative type through literature study using the takhrij and syarah hadith methods. The results and discussion of this study include an overview of herbal medicine, editorials of hadith on herbal medicine, understanding of hadith regarding herbal medicine, and the content and benefits of herbal medicine for health. This study concludes that the herbal treatment recommended by Rasulullah SAW. proven in modern medicine has many health benefits. This can strengthen the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad. where the hadith appeared long before the advancement of medical science and technology.
SIKAP SYUKUR SEBAGAI PROSES PEMBENTUKAN BUDI PEKERTI PADA REMAJA (Studi	Deskriptif terhadap Siswa kelas 10 di SMK Pasundan 4 Bandung)
Authors: Widyaningsih Winda , Rusliana Iu , Naan Naan
Published: August 2022

This research aims to discuss what gratitude is and an attitude of gratitude in 10th grade students of SMK Pasundan 4 Bandung in the city of Bandung. The second is to find out what manner and behavior are for the 10th grade students of SMK Pasundan 4 Bandung in the city of Bandung. Third, to find out the role of gratitude in shaping character in adolescents. This study uses a qualitative research model and the source of the data used comes from the results of observations, interviews and various literatures related to the research theme. The results of this study indicate that character is a person's awareness of behaving according to the rules or norms that apply in society and gratitude is the acknowledgment of a servant to God for the blessings that have been given to him accompanied by the servant's submission to God. Most of the students of SMK Pasundan 4 Bandung in the city of Bandung who were the research subjects had a high level of gratitude as evidenced by the fulfillment of all the indicators of gratitude found in Sufism, also proving that almost all of the students who were the research subjects had noble manner and the last which shows a positive continuity between the attitude of gratitude in adolescents to the process of forming adolescent manners.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Penemuan Example Non-example pada Materi Hubungan Makanan dan Kesehatan Di Kelas V SD Negeri Simbatan Lamongan
Authors: Listyoningsih Elmi , Khumaidi Ali
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the increase in student learning outcomes through the discovery learning model (Example Non-Example) about the relationship of food and health in science lessons in Class V SD Simbatan Lamongan. The subjects in this study were 20 students in class V (five). The research procedures carried out in the form of planning, implementation of actions, observation/observation, and evaluation-reflection. Based on the results of improved learning, student mastery of learning material shows improvement. This can be shown from student learning outcomes from 63.33 to 81.57.
Persepsi Mahasiswa tentang Penggunaan Media Daring pada Program Studi S1 Ilmu Gizi Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Surabaya selama Masa Pandemi Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Ferdiana Suci
Published: August 2022

The impact of the covid-19 pandemic is not only felt in the world of health but also has an effect on the world of education This phenomenon makes educators use a variety of online learning media to meet cognitive, affective, and social needs during the learning policy from home. Various institutional and educational creativities use online media with different platforms to facilitate students. This study aims to explore information related to the type of media used by multiple platforms and students' perceptions of media that is liked and disliked. This research method uses a cross-sectional design with a sample of 104 respondents at various levels in the year of the S1 STIKes Surabaya Nutrition Study Program. The research results show that the type of media used includes Google classroom & meeting, Zoom, WhatsApp Group, Kahoot, Youtube, and Quizizz with the highest moodle media usage frequency of 43 and the lowest frequency of media usage of Quizezz by 2%. Students' perceptions of preferred and disliked media with the results of the top 3 most preferred media were WhatsApp Group at 41.7%, Zoom 28.2%, and Google classroom & meeting at 8.7%. The top 3 most disliked media are Zoom at 53.4%, Youtube at 15.6%, and Moodle at 12.6%.
Alternatif Practice From Home saat Pandemi Covid-19 dalam Mata Kuliah Biologi Molekular: Desain-Primer Menggunakan PerlPrimer dan Primer-BLAST
Authors: Huwaidah Jihan Farhah , Hana Alim Aulia , Ni'mah Mafrukhatun , Fa'uni Arini Mayang , Fallahian Fiqih , Aulia Tia , Rachmawati Yuanita , Nugrahani Lailatul Amalia
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 Pandemic has greatly impacted various sectors, one of sector which is the education sector. Education activity can be carried out by using online technology. These alternative activities can be channeled by carrying out a primer design using software PerPrimer and on the COI gene. Primer-BLAST The COI gene (cytochrome oxidase subunit I) is one of the genes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that can be used for genetic markers to make it easier to study characteristics between species and individuals. The purpose of this research is to apply online technology in molecular biology learning using PerlPrimer software and Primer-BLAST feature on the NCBI site to find out how to get the best primary sequences. The method used to design primers and perform comparisons perlprimer by downloading fasta on the COI Diasporus diastema gene from GenBank: KT186586 which was selected in the NCBI database (The National Center for Biotechnology Information). The results obtained using Primer-BLAST feature on the NCBI site are more recommended to get the best primary design compared to using PerlPrimer software.