bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acid-Base Initiated Cyclization and Retrocyclization Reactions of Ethyl 2-(3-Acylselenoureido)benzoates, -thiophene-3-carboxylates and the Corresponding 2-(3-Acylisoselenoureido) Derivatives
Authors: Šibor Jiří , Žůrek Dalimil , Humpa Otakar , Pazdera Pavel
Published: October 2008

Acid and base initiated cyclization and retrocyclization reactions of the selenoureas 1-6 and isoselenoureas 7-12 to fused 4H-1,3-selenazine and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-one skeletons are reported. Fused 2-acylamino-4H-1,3-selenazine-4-ones 13-18 were formed by the action of concentrated sulfuric acid on acylselenoureas 1-6 or on 2,2-dimethylpropanoylisoselenoureas 10-12 at room temperature. On the other hand, benzoylisoselenoureas 7-9 were not obtained in this cyclocondensation under the same conditions. The reaction of potassium ethoxide on selenazines 13-18 in the ethanol solution evoked retrocyclization to the starting acylselenoureas 1-6. Both types of the title compounds, i.e. selenoureas 1-6 and isoselenoureas 7-12, were deprotonated in a methanol solution of potassium hydroxide used in an equimolar amount, giving rise to potassium salts 19-24, which were isolated only for the thiophene series. By heating the separated potassium salts 20, 21, 23 and 24 in the methanol solution provided, deacylation and isoselenoureas 26, 27 were formed. The in situ prepared salts 19, 22 cyclized under the same conditions with deacylation to 4-selanyl-3,4-dihydroquinazoline-4-one 28. The title compounds 1-6, 7-12 and products of their deacylation 26, 27 on boiling in methanolic potassium hydroxide cyclized to the corresponding fused 2-selenoxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-one potassium salts. These compounds provided pyrimidine-4-ones 28-30 on acidification. Acid initiated retrocyclization 28-30 to the corresponding 2-amino-4H-1,3-selenazine-4-ones was unsuccessful. C, H, N, Se elemental analyses, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopies supported the structure of synthesized compounds.A short review on cardiotonic steroids and their analogues is presented. The natural, semisynthetic and synthetic derivatives, as well as their mechanism of action and structure-activity relationships are shown, with a special reference to aminoguanidine derivatives.
A Short Review on Cardiotonic Steroids and Their Aminoguanidine Analogues
Authors: Melero Concepción P. , Medarde Manuel , San Feliciano Arturo
Published: October 2008

A short review on cardiotonic steroids and their analogues is presented. The natural, semisynthetic and synthetic derivatives, as well as their mechanism of action and structure-activity relationships are shown, with a special reference to aminoguanidine derivatives.
A High-Yielding Synthesis of the Naturally Occurring Antitumour Agent Irisquinone
Authors: Hadfield John  A. , McGown Alan  T. , Butler John
Published: October 2008

A short, high-yielding synthesis of the antitumour agent irisquinone (1) is described. The key steps are the palladium catalysed coupling reaction of dec-9-yn-1-ol with iodide (2) to form alkyne (3) and the Fremy’s salt oxidation of phenol (7).
Substituted Pyrroles
Authors: Mamardashvili N.  Zh. , Kluyeva M.  E. , Golubchicov O.  A.
Published: October 2008

A stepwise synthesis of a-unsubstituted pyrroles with desired substituents in the b-positions of the ring has been devised.
JChemPaint - Using the Collaborative Forces of the Internet to Develop a Free Editor for 2D Chemical Structures
Authors: Krause Stefan , Willighagen Egon , Steinbeck Christoph
Published: October 2008

The open source program for drawing 2D chemical structures JChemPaint, its current features, its envisioned further development and the principles enabling researchers and students at places all over the world to collaboratively develop such a program are described.
Novel Coumarin Derivatives with Expected Biological Activity
Authors: Nofal Z. M. , El-Zahar M. I. , Abd El-Karim S. S.
Published: October 2008

A number of novel 3-bromo-4-methyl-7-methoxy-8-amino substituted coumarins and 2-substituted 7-bromo-6-methyl-8H-pyrano-benzimidazoles, benzoxazoles and/or benzoxazine-8-ones were synthesized for the purpose of pharmacological evaluation. Some representative compounds showed antitumor activity in vitro on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in the preliminary testing.
An Improved Synthesis of 3b-Acetoxy-lanost-8-en-24-one (24-Ketolanosteryl Acetate)
Authors: Parish Edward J. , Sun Hang , Kizito Stephen , Boos Terrence L.
Published: October 2008

The oxidation of a borane intermediate by PFC provides a convenient synthesis of 24-ketolanosteryl acetate.
NaY Zeolite: A Useful Catalyst for Nitrile Hydrolysis
Authors: Milić Dragana , Opsenica Dejan , Adnađević Borivoje , Šolaja Bogdan
Published: October 2008

The NaY zeolite catalysed hydrolysis of nitriles to primary amides is reported. It is found that aryl nitriles with strong electron-withdrawing substituents and cyanopyridines are readily hydrolysed in the water suspension, while aliphatic nitriles do not react.
Unexpected Thorpe Reaction of an α-Alkoxynitrile
Authors: Kovács Lajos
Published: October 2008

α-Alkoxynitrile 1 in the presence of tris(methylthio)methyllithium 2 at –78ºC gave the dimer 5 instead of the expected C1-elongated product 3. The formation of compound 5 is explained in terms of anion formation and self-condensation, a variant of the Thorpe reaction. Scrutinizing the 1H NMR spectra revealed that the enamine tautomer 5b is predominant over the imine 5a in the solvents investigated.
1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of N-Benzyl Furfuryl Nitrones with Electron-rich Alkenes
Authors: Merino Pedro , Anoro Sonia , Merchan Francisco L. , Tejero Tomas
Published: October 2008

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of N-benzyl-C-(2-furyl)nitrones with electron-rich alkenes gives preferentially trans-substituted 3,5-disubstituted isoxazolidines (endo approach). These experimental results are in good qualitative agreement with the predicted ones by semiempirical (AM1 and PM3) and ab initio (HF/3-21G) methods.
Synthesis of 4-O-Methylcedrusin. Selective Protection of Catechols with Diphenyl Carbonate
Authors: Van Dyck Stefaan  M. O. , Lemière Guy  L. F. , Jonckers Tim  H. M. , Dommisse Roger
Published: October 2008

4-O-Methylcedrusin, a minor component in ‘sangre de drago’, has been synthesized using a strategy of successive protection and deprotection reactions under very mild conditions. The key step of this synthesis is a selective protection of a catechol group as a cyclic carbonate in the presence of an isolated phenol group.
Diels-Alder Cycloaddition of Cyclopentadiene to a Bis-naphthoquinone
Authors: Brimble Margaret  A. , Duncalf Letecia  J.
Published: October 2008

Addition of cyclopentadiene to bis-naphthoquinone (1) afforded predominantly the endo-endo [4+2] cycloadduct (2).
Effect of Microwave Irradiation on the Condensation of 6-Substituted 3-Formylchromones with Some Five-membered Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Lacova Margita , Gasparova Renata , Loos Dusan , Liptay Tibor , Pronayova Nada
Published: October 2008

Different types of 3-substituted 4H-4-oxobenzopyrans were prepared by microwave irradiation as well as by a classical method. The beneficial effect of microwave irradiation on the aldol condensation of 3-formylchromones with 2-imino-1-methylimidazolidine-4-one (creatinine), 2-thioxoimidazolidine-4-one (thiohydantoin) and 2-ethyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one (3-ethylrhodanine) in different reaction media is described. Our results show that the effect of microwave irradiation on the reactions studied was a shortening of the reaction times and a smooth increase in the yields. The subsequent reactions of the product with some nucleophiles are discussed. The structure of the products was proven by elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectra.
Synthesis of the Formal Diels-Alder Adducts of N-substituted Dehydromaleimides and Anthracene
Authors: Smet Mario , Corens David , Van Meervelt Luc , Dehaen Wim
Published: October 2008

A new class of roof-shaped dibenzobarrelenemaleimide derivatives was prepared by the condensation of a bridged maleic anhydride with amines. A para-substituted bifunctional derivative was proven to be a 1:2 complex with acetone by an X-ray crystallographic study.
Synthesis of N-(2-Cyanophenyl)chloromethanimidoyl Chloride
Authors: Pazdera Pavel , Divišová Hana , Havlišová Helena , Borek Petr
Published: October 2008

N-(2-Cyanophenyl)chloromethanimidoyl chloride (3) was prepared from 2-isothiocyanatobenzonitrile by the reaction with sulfuryl chloride or gaseous chlorine in an inert solvent. It was found that N-(2-cyanophenyl)chloromethanimidothioic chloride (2) and bis[N-(cyanophenyl)chloromethanimidoyl] sulfide (7) are intermediates of this reaction. The chloride 3 was obtained also by a three-component one-pot reaction of N-(2-cyanophenyl)-formamide in the present of thionyl chloride and sulfuryl chloride. (2-Cyanophenyl)-(1-{[(2-cyanophenyl)-imino]methoxy}methylidene)ammonium chloride (6) was detected as a by-product of this reaction. Identity of all reaction products was confirmed by GC-MS, FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Templated Organic Synthesis. Edited by F. Diederich (diederich@org.chem.ethz.ch) and Peter J. Stang (stang@chemistry.chem.utah.edu). Wiley-VCH: Weinheim. 1999. XX+411 pp. 268 DM. ISBN 3-527-29666-2
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

Physicochemical theoretical development has been dwarfed by the abundant experimental achievements in molecular recognition studies, including the template effects reported in this book [1-3].[...]
Combinatorial Chemistry. Synthesis, Analysis, Screening. Edited by Günther Jung (guenther.jung@uni-tuebingen.de). Wiley-VCH: Weinheim. 1999. XXXII+602 pp. 268 DM. ISBN 3-527-29869-X
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

This is not only a book written by specialists for specialists, but also for everyone who wants to brush up on their knowledge on the rapidly and ever-growing field of combinatorial chemistry.[...]
Chemistry of Pyrones, Part 3: New Podands of 4H-Pyran-4-ones
Authors: Shahrisa Aziz , Banaei Alireza
Published: October 2008

New derivatives of 3,5-disubstituted 4H-Pyran-4-one podands (9-15) were prepared by transesterification reaction of dimethyl or diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4H-pyran-4-one-3,5-dicarboxylate with some glycol, glycol ethers or by nucleophilic substitution of some phenols or glycol ethers with 3,5-bis (bromomethyl)-2,6-diphenyl-4H-pyran-4-one.
Synthesis of Some 2, 6-Disubstituted 4-Amidopyridines and -Thioamidopyridines, and Their Antimycobacterial and Photosynthesis-Inhibiting Activity
Authors: Miletin Miroslav , Hartl Jiri , Dolezal Martin , Odlerova Z. , Kralova K. , Machacek Milos
Published: October 2008

A group of 26 new 2-halogeno-6-alkylsulfanyl- and 2,6-bis-alkylsulfanyl-4-amidopyridines and corresponding thioamidopyridines was synthesised. Some of the amidopyridines and all thioamidopyridines were tested for their antimycobacterial activity against atypical mycobacterial strains. Promising photosynthesis-inhibiting activity was also found for some of the amidopyridines.
Crystal Structure of Methyl 4-Acetamido-4-cyano-4,6-dideoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-ß-D-allopyranoside
Authors: Koóš Miroslav , Steiner Bohumil , Gajdoš Ján , Langer Vratislav , Gyepesová Dalma , Smrčok L'ubomìr , Ďurík Marián
Published: October 2008

The detailed structure of methyl 4-acetamido-4-cyano-4,6-dideoxy-2,3-Oisopropylidene-ß-D-allopyranoside was established by X-ray analysis confirming allo configuration at C-4 and suggesting a 4C1 conformation of the pyranose ring. The values of relevant torsion angles and calculated puckering parameters revealed a distortion into the direction of 0H5, thus indicating a flattening at C-1 and C-4.
Design and Synthesis of a Conformationally Rigid Mimic of the Dihydropyrimidine Calcium Channel Modulator SQ 32,926
Authors: Jauk Birgit , Pernat Tetiana , Kappe C.
Published: October 2008

A conformationally rigid polyheterocycle (3) which mimics the putative receptorbound conformation of dihydropyridine-type calcium channel modulators is prepared in a seven-step reaction sequence based on a Biginelli-type cyclocondensation reaction.
DDQ/PbO2: a Novel Oxidation System for Hindered Electron Rich Benzhydrols
Authors: Kalena G. P. , Jadhav S.  M. , Banerji A.
Published: October 2008

A convenient mild protocol for oxidation of highly hindered electron rich benzhydrols using DDQ / PbO2 has been developed.
Heterocyclic Tricycles as Internal N-Glycosides from 2-Methyl-5-nitro-6-(2-nitrophenyl)-4-phenyl(2-furyl)tetrahydropyranols
Authors: Götze Lutz , Michalik Manfred , Peseke Klaus , Quincoces José , Reinke Helmut
Published: October 2008

1-Methyl-10-nitro-11-phenyl(2-furyl)-2-aza-13-oxa-tricyclo[7.3.1.03,8]trideca-3,5,7-trienes 3 were synthesized via the reduction of the aromatic 2-nitro group of 2-methyl-5-nitro-6-(2-nitrophenyl)-4-phenyl(2-furyl)tetrahydropyranols 2 and subsequent condensation with their anomeric OH group. As by-products, the corresponding 6-(2-aminophenyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-4-phenyl(2-furyl)tetrahydropyranols 4 were isolated.
Proceedings of the 12th National Symposium of Organic Chemistry (XII SINAQO), Los Cocos, Cordoba, Argentina, 14-17 November 1999
Authors: Salomon Claudio J. , Labadie Guillermo R.
Published: October 2008

This Paper is downloadable at http://www.mdpi.org/molecules/papers/50300252.pdf
Influence of Some Thia- or Azasubstituted Butyric Acid Derivatives on the Chemical Shift of the Benzene Ring Carbon Atoms
Authors: Fröhlich Johannes , Sauter Fritz , Milata Viktor
Published: October 2008

Eight thia- or azasubstituted butyric acid derivatives were prepared and the influence of these substituents on the chemical shifts of the benzene ring carbon atoms was studied.
Synthesis of Crown Ethers Containing a Rubicene Moiety
Authors: Smet Mario , Dehaen Wim
Published: October 2008

A symmetrically disubstituted derivative of the highly fluorescing and photostable rubicene was incorporated in a macrocycle using high dilution conditions and a hydroxyrubicene was functionalized with a modified aminobenzo-15-crown-5.
New Conjugated Systems Derived from Piperazine-2,5-dione
Authors: Asiri Abdullah  Mohamed
Published: October 2008

The preparation of monoarylidene and both symmetrical and unsymmetrical bisarylidene derivatives of piperazine-2,5-dione is described. The use of 1,4-diacetylpiperazine-2,5-dione make it possible to prepare unsymmetrical bisarylidenes. The introduction of a dicyanomethylene moiety into the para position of one of the arylidene groups gave a remarkable deepening in the colour of the resulting compounds 11 and 16.
Cycloaddition Reactions of C,N-Diphenylnitrone to Methylene-γ-butyrolactones
Authors: Cacciarini Martina , Cordero Franca  M. , Faggi Cristina , Goti Andrea
Published: October 2008

Cycloaddition of C,N-diphenylnitrone to α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone afforded two diastereomeric 5-spirosubstituted isoxazolidines with high selectivity. Structural assignment was ascertained by NMR studies and an X-ray diffraction experiment on a single crystal of the major isomer and the diastereoselectivity was rationalized on examination of the alternative transition states leading to the two diastereoisomers.
Insecticidal Activity of Cyanohydrin and Monoterpenoid Compounds
Authors: Peterson Chris  J. , Tsao Rong , Eggler Aimee  L. , Coats Joel  R.
Published: October 2008

The insecticidal activities of several cyanohydrins, cyanohydrin esters and monoterpenoid esters (including three monoterpenoid esters of a cyanohydrin) were evaluated. Topical toxicity to Musca domestica L. adults was examined, and testing of many compounds at 100 mg/fly resulted in 100% mortality. Topical LD50 values of four compounds for M. domestica were calculated. Testing of many of the reported compounds to brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana Kellog) resulted in 100% mortality at 10 ppm, and two compounds caused 100% mortality at 1 ppm. Aquatic LC50 values were calculated for five compounds for larvae of the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti (L.)). Monoterpenoid esters were among the most toxic compounds tested in topical and aquatic bioassays.
Synthesis and Elastase Inhibitory Evaluation of Phosphate Esters and Mixed Phosphate Anhydride of Penam Sulfones
Authors: Laborde María  A. , Mascaretti O.  A.
Published: October 2008

The evaluation of human leucocite elastase inhibition by phosphate esters (1-2) and phosphate mixed anhydride (3) of penicillin sulfones and their precursor sulfides is described.
Thermolysis of Semicarbazones to the Corresponding Azines Through Reactive N-Substituted Isocyanate Intermediates
Authors: Shah S.  N. , Chudgar N.  K.
Published: October 2008

Thermolysis of semicarbazones (I) to azines (II) occurs through reactive N-substituted isocyanate intermediates (Ia) which can be converted in situ to carbamates and Nsubstituted ureas.
Facile Synthesis of (R,R) and of (R,S) Tricarballylic Acid Anhydride and Imide Derivatives
Authors: Elgazwy Abdel-Sattar  S. Hamad
Published: October 2008

The diastereomeric mixture of (R)-2-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)-N-(R)-1-(1-phenylethyl) succinimide 11s and (S)-2-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)-N-(R)-1-(1-phenylethyl) succinimide 11a was synthesized by reaction of 2-(carboxymethyl)succinic anhydride 6 with (R)-(α)-methylbenzylamine in dry THF/room temperature/24 hrs. The diastereomeric mixture of 1-[(R)-(α)-Methylbenzylamideformyl)]propane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride 9s and 1-[(R)-(α)-methylbenzylamideformyl)]propane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride 9a was isolated as an intermediate under the reaction conditions. This diastereomeric mixture 9s/9a was also prepared by a different route via reaction of 1-(chloroformyl)propane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anydride 12 with (R)-(α)-methylbenzylamine in the presence of DMA at 0oC for 24 hrs.
Synthesis of a Highly Functionalized Triquinane: Studies Towards a Total Synthesis of Subergorgic Acid and Its Analogues
Authors: Dragojlovic Veljko
Published: October 2008

Reaction of enone (11) with the bifunctional Grignard reagent (7) in the presence of copper(I) bromide – dimethyl sulfide, followed by intramolecular alkylation of the resultant chloroketone (15) gave the tricyclic ketone (12). The tricyclic ketone (12) was transformed into the angular triquinane dienedione (9) by means of an 8-step sequence.
Basic Mathematics for Biochemists. by Athel Cornish-Bowden
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

This is a new edition of the book published under the same title by Chapman and Hall in 1981.[...]
Utility of Sulphones in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Synthesis of Some Pyridine, Chromene and Thiophene Derivatives
Authors: Fadda A.  A. , Refat Hala  M. , Zaki M.  E. A.
Published: October 2008

Phenylsulfonylacetonitrile (1) when reacted with α,β-unsaturated nitriles (2a,b) and/or 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde yields pyridine derivatives (3a,b) and / or the iminochromene derivative (4) respectively. The behavior of (1) towards some a-halogenated compounds has been investigated.
The Age of the Molecule. Edited by Nina Hall
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

It is the age of the Internet, or the age of information.[...]
Agrochemicals: Composition, Production, Toxicology, Applications. Edited by Franz Müller
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

This book is a valuable source of information for those involved in modern agricultural practices.[...]
Synthesis of N,N’-Diarylalkanediamides and Their Antimycobacterial and Antialgal Activity
Authors: Kubicova Lenka , Waisser Karel , Kunes Jiri , Kralova Katarina , Odlerova Zelmira , Slosarek Milan , Janota Jiri , Svoboda Zbynek
Published: October 2008

A set of N,N'-diarylalkanediamides was synthesized. The compounds were tested for their antimycobacterial and antialgal activity. The antimycobacterial activity of N,N'-diarylalkanediamides depends on the lipophilicity of the respective acid. Antimycobacterially active substances were found only in the series of N,N'-diarylethanediamides and N,N'-diarylbutanediamides. Other compounds (derivatives of pentane-, hexane-, octane- and nonanediamide) were inactive against various strains of mycobacteria. The compounds inhibited growth and chlorophyll production in Chlorella vulgaris. Their relatively low antialgal activity is probably connected with their lowered aqueous solubility, and hence by a restricted passage of the inhibitor through the hydrophilic regions of thylakoid membranes.
Synthesis of 2’-Modified Nucleotides
Authors: Gallo Mariana , Torres Héctor , Iribarren Adolfo
Published: October 2008

We show in this work the development of modified building blocks for the synthesis of nuclease resistant hammerhead ribozymes. These modified monomers retain the 2’-OH which is essential for the activity of these molecules. Our final goal is to generate a catalytic antisense approach with potential application in gene therapy.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Surface Active Azo Initiators for Radical Reactions
Authors: Sedlak Milos , Tauer Klaus
Published: October 2008

The synthesis of a water soluble azo initiators from 2,2’-azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was performed in three steps: reaction of dinitrile with aromatic alcohols in the presence of HCl to form bisiminoesters hydrochlorides which are hydrolyzed to the esters and final regioselective sulfonation of the aromatic esters. The thermal decomposition of the azo initiators obtained leads to formation of two surface active radicals which can start the chain reaction.
Structural Elucidation of Z- and E- Isomers of 5-Alkyl-4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-(4`-chlorophenyl)-3-oxa-4-pentenoic Acids
Authors: Madkour H.  M. F.
Published: October 2008

Z- and E-isomers of 5-alkyl-4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-(4`-chlorophenyl)-3-oxa-4-pentenoic acids were prepared via the condensation of p-chloroacetophenone and/or pchloropropiophenone with diethyl-2,2`-oxydiacetate in the presence of sodium hydride as a basic catalyst. The Z-isomers of 2a and 2b were found to be predominant. The behaviour of the corresponding anhydrides towards the action of hydrazine, phenylhydrazine, primary aromatic amines, hydrocarbons and ethanolysis has also been investigated. The structures and configurations of the products have been elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic means.
Behaviour of Some Activated Nitriles Toward Barbituric Acid, Thiobarbituric Acid and 3-Methyl-1-Phenylpyrazol-5-one
Authors: Madkour H. M.F. , Mahmoud M.  R. , Nassar M.  H. , Habashy M. M.
Published: October 2008

The effect of some active methylene containing heterocyclic compounds, namely barbituric acid, thiobarbituric acid and 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-one on a-cyano-3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamonitrile and ethyl a-cyano-3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate (1a,b) was investigated. The structure of the new products was substantiated by their IR,1H-NMR and mass spectra.
Guest Editor's Notice
Authors: Mamardashvili Nugzar
Published: October 2008

The purpose of this special festschrift section is to honour the 70th birthday of Boris D. Berezin, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Full Member of the Natural Science Academy of the Russian Federation and the founder of porphyrin and phthalocyanin coordination chemistry studies in Russia.[...]
Synthesis and Spectral Properties of ms-Tetrasubstituted b-Octaalkylporphyrins
Authors: Mamardashvili Nugzar  Zh. , Golubchikov Oleg  A.
Published: October 2008

Four new ms-tetrasubstituted β-octaalkylporphyrins are synthesized and their spectral properties are discussed.
Solubility of Alkylporphyrins
Authors: Mamardashvili Galina M. , Mamardashvili Nugdzar Zh. , Berezin Boris  D.
Published: October 2008

The solubility in benzene and ethanol of 2,8,12,18-tetramethyl-3,7,13,17-tetrabuthylporphyrin with various substituents in the5,15-positions of the molecule is investigated. A comparative analysis of the influence of alkyl substituents on porphyrin solubility is carried out.
Electrochemical and Electrocatalytical Properties of 3,7,13,17-Tetramethyl-2,8,12,18-Tetrabutylporphyrin in Alkaline Solution
Authors: Girichev Egor  G. , Bazanov Michail  I. , Mamardashvili Nugzar  Zh. , Gjeyzak A.
Published: October 2008

The reduction and oxidation behaviour in alkaline solution of 3,7,13,17-tetramethyl-2,8,12,18-tetrabutylporphyrin (L) has been studied by cyclic voltammetry. The shape of I-E curves was investigated at different terminal values of electrode potential and at different scan rates. It was shown that it is possible to obtain two reversible one-electron electroreduction processes accompanied by the formation of mono- and dianion forms of the porphyrin under specific experimental conditions. The reduction potentials of the L↔L- and L-↔L2- processes are –0.67±0.02 V and –1.12±0.02 V, respectively.
Structure-Stability Relationships of Phthalocyanine Copper Complexes
Authors: Sokolova T.  N. , Lomova T.  N. , Klueva M.  E. , Suslova E.  E. , Mayzlish V.  E. , Shaposhnikov G.  P.
Published: October 2008

The influence of NO2, Br, and COOH function substituents in various positions of Cu(II)Pc on the reactivity of the latter concerning the dissociation of the metal - nitrogen bonds in proton donor solvents is discussed.
Influence of the Nature of Porphyrin and Extraligand on the Stability of Zinc Extracomplexes
Authors: Zaitzeva Svetlana V. , Zdanovich Sergey A. , Ageeva Tatiana A. , Ocheretovi Alexandr S. , Golubchikov Oleg A.
Published: October 2008

The mutual influence of ligands within the structure of Zn-porphyrins on the thermodynamic stability of the latter was investigated.
The Prognostication of Columnar Mesophases - Synthesis and Mesomorphism of Some Porphyrin Derivatives
Authors: Akopova Olga  B. , Zdanovich Sergei  A.
Published: October 2008

The existence of columnar mesophases (CM) for a new series of the porphyrin derivatives is predicted. With this purpose, the computation of molecular parameters (K, Кc, Кs, Kp, Mm, Mr) is carried out for eighty five molecules, including materials with a small number of peripheral substitutes. For verification of the existence of CM in the series of materials examined, some of them are synthesized and their mesomorphism is investigated.
Spectral and Solvation Properties of Some Dipyrromethene Hydrobromides and Their Oxa- and Thia- Analoges
Authors: Berezin Michail  B. , Chernova Olga   M. , Shatunov Pavel  A. , Pashanova Natalia  A. , Berezin Dmitri  B. , Semeikin Aleksandr  S.
Published: October 2008

The spectral and solvatation properties of hydrobromides of 3,3/,4,4/,5,5/-hexamethyldipyrromethene-2,2/, 3,3/,4,4/,5/-pentamethyldipyrromethene-2,2/,3,3/,4/,5,5/-pentamethyldipyrromethene-2,2/, 1/,3,4,5-tetramethyldipyrromethene-2,2/, 3,4,5-trimethyldipyrromethene-2,2/ and their oxa- and thia- analoges in benzene, n-propanol, chloroform, pyridine and N,N-dimethylformamide have been studied. The changes of relative solvation enthalpies are calculated and discussed.
Synthesis of Sultam Derivatives with Expected Biological Activity. 15
Authors: Doss S. H. , Baghos V. B. , Abdelhamid A. O. , Halim M. M.A.
Published: October 2008

4-(Trihydro-2H-1,2-thiazole-1,1-dioxide-2-yl)benzophenone (1), 4-(3,5-dimethyl-1`,2`-thiazine-1`,1`-dioxide-2-yl)benzophenone (2), and 4-(tetrahydro-2H-1,2-thiazine-1,1-dioxide-2-yl)benzophenone (6) were obtained from 4-aminobenzophenone and the appropriate reagents. Isomeric (E-) and (Z-) 2-Ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-4-(4-tetrahydro-1,2-thiazine-1,1-dioxide-2-yl)phenyl-3-butenoic acids (11 and 12) and 2-carboxy-4(N-phenylthiocarbamoyl)-1-phenyl-6-(tetrahydro-2H-1,2-thiazine-1,1-dioxide-2-yl)naphthalene (16) were also synthesized.
Syntheses of Furo[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines and Furo[2`,3`: 5,6]-pyrimido[3,4-b][2,3-e]indolo[1,2,4]triazine as a New Ring System
Authors: Hassan Nasser A.
Published: October 2008

2-Amino-4,5-di-(2-furyl)furan-3-carbonitrile (1) reacted with triethyl orthoacetate to afford the corresponding 2-ethoxyimine derivative (2). The latter compound reacted with phenyl hydrazine, p-fluorobenzylamine and sodium hydrogen sulfide, respectively, to afford the corresponding furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives (3-5). Compound 1 also reacted with carbon disulfide and phenyl isocyanate to afford 5,6-di-(2-furyl)-1H-4H-furo[2,3-d]-[1,3-thiazin]-4-imino-2-thione (6) and 5,6-di-(2-furyl)-1H-3H-3-phenylfuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-imine-2-one (7), respectively. Treatment of compound 2 with hydrazine hydrate at 0oC afforded compound 8, while on boiling 5,6-di-(2-furyl)-3H,4H-4-imino-2-methylfuro-[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (9) was isolated. Treatment of 9 with carbon disulfide, cyanogen bromide, ethyl cyanoacetate, diethyloxalate and triethyl orthoformate gave the corresponding furo[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines (10-14). Reaction of 9 with isatin and N-acetyl isatin gave the condensation products 15 and 16 respectively.
Synthesis of Polynuclear Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: El-Gazzar A. B.A. , Hassan N. A.
Published: October 2008

Reaction of 2-hydrazino-3-methyl-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives 2a,b with aliphatic acids afforded the thienotriazolopyrimidinone derivatives 3a-d, with nitrous acid yielded tetrazolothienopyrimidinone derivatives 4a,b and with carbon disulphide furnished 3-mercaptothienotriazolopyrimidinone derivatives 5a,b. Also, 2a,b reacted with aldehydes to afford the arylhydrazones 6a-f which cyclized into thienotriazolopyrimidinone derivatives 7a-f. Furthermore, 2a,b condensed with ethyl acetoacetate and ethyl cyanoacetate to afford 2-(1-pyrazolyl) derivatives 9a,b and 10a,b, respectively. On the other hand, 2-hydrazino derivatives 2a,b condensed with a-halo-ketones to yield thienpyrimidotriazinone derivatives 11a,b and with β-diketones, to form 2-(1-pyrazolyl) derivatives 12a-f.
Moisture Stable Ambient Temperature Ionic Liquids: Solvents for the New Millennium. 1. The Heck Reaction
Authors: Howarth Joshua , Dallas Andrea
Published: October 2008

In this paper we report examples of the Heck reaction in the new moisture stable ambient temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim]PF6). We have found that the yield of product is comparable with Heck reactions carried out in DMF, the conventional solvent for this reaction, and that the ionic liquid/catalyst mixture can be recycled several times.
Synthetic Analogue of Stilbene Containing an Imidazole Nucleus
Authors: Siddiqui Saika , Hosmane Ramachandra  S.
Published: October 2008

Synthesis of trans-1,2-bis(4-nitro-1-p-methoxybenzylimidazol-5-yl)ethene (1) as an imidazole analogue of stilbene has been reported. In order to confirm the trans geometry of the product using an UV spectral comparison, a mixture of both trans (1) and cis isomer (3) was also prepared. The synthesis involved one-step dimerization of the precursor, 4-nitro-1-p-methoxybenzyl-5-methyl-1H-imidazole (2), using N-chlorosuccinimide catalyzed by potassium t-butoxide.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Novel Quinoxalinone Derivatives
Authors: Ali M. M. , Ismail M. M.F. , El-Gaby M. S.A. , Zahran M.  A. , Ammar Y. A.
Published: October 2008

Condensation of 4-benzoyl-1,2-phenylenediamine with sodium pyruvate in acetic acid furnished two products which were identified as 6-benzoyl and 7-benzoyl-3-methyl-2(1H)quinoxalinones (1a,b). Fusion of 1a with aromatic aldehydes furnished the styryl derivatives 2a-c. Alkylation of 1a,b with dimethyl sulphate or ethyl chloroacetate produced the N-alkyl derivatives 3a,b and 4a,b. Hydrazinolysis of the ester derivative 4a with hydrazine hydrate afforded the hydrazide derivative 5 which underwent condensation with aldehydes to give the corresponding hydrazone derivatives 6a,b. In addition, chlorination of 1a with thionyl chloride afforded the 2-chloro derivative 7 which was subjected to reaction with sodium azide and n-butylamine to yield the corresponding tetrazolo (8) and n-butylamino (9) derivatives, respectively. The structures of the compounds prepared were confirmed by analytical and spectral data. Also, some of the synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity.
Spiro Cyclohexadienones from the Reaction of Phenolic Enaminone Derivatives with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents
Authors: Asmanidou Anna , Papoutsis Ioannis , Spyroudis Spyros , Varvoglis Anastasios
Published: October 2008

Phenolic enamino compounds, prepared from 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethylamine and the corresponding β-keto carbonyl compounds, afford spiro cyclohexadienone derivatives on reaction with hypervalent iodine reagents.
A New Synthetic Route to Dihydrobenzopyran Via Tandem Demethylation Cyclisation
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Geetha , Kasinath Viswanathan , Pradeep Singh N. D. , Thirumurugan R. , Sundara Raj S.  Shanmuga , Shanmugam G.
Published: October 2008

A tandem demethylation-cyclisation reaction resulting in the formation of pyran rings using AlCl3/EtSH reagent under mild reaction conditions is reported. X-ray diffraction studies on the intermediate support the suggested mechanism.
Synthesis and X-Ray Crystal Structure of the First Pure and Air-Stable Salt of Peroxymonosulphuric Acid: (Ph)4PHSO5
Authors: Campestrini Sandro , Crisma Marco
Published: October 2008

In this paper we describe the synthesis of tetraphenylphosphonium peroxymonosulphate, its crystal structure and packing mode. The asymmetric unit accomodates two independent molecules of the monopersulphate anion, which are held together by hydrogen bonds. In the packing mode, rows of such dimers are surrounded by four rows of tetraphenyl cations. The consequence is that the highly water sensitive HSO5¯ anions are segregated inside hydrophobic channels composed by the lipophilic cations. This circumstance presumably accounts for the exceptional stability of the title compound.
A Facile Method for the Synthesis of 6-Aryl-1-(3-Chloropropanoyl)-4-[(E)-1-(2-Furyl)Methylidene)]-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-3-Pyridazinones and 2-(2-Chloroethyl)-5-[α-Aracyl-β-(2-Furyl)]-(E)-Vinyl-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles
Authors: Hamad Abdel-Sattar  S. , Hashem Ahmed  I.
Published: October 2008

The 6-aryl-1-(3-chloropropanoyl)-4-[(E)-1-(2-furyl)methylidene)]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-pyridazinones (6a-d) were synthesized by the reaction of acid chloride 3 with α-aracyl(β-2-furyl)acrylic acid hydrazides (2a-d) in a high yield, one pot reaction. On the other hand, 2-(2-chloroethyl)-5-[α-aracyl-β-(2-furyl)]-(E)-vinyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (7a-d) were also prepared by cyclodehydration of N1[α-aracyl-β-(2-furyl)acroyl-N2[3-chloro-propanoyl] hydrazine derivatives (4a-d). The proposed structures of the products were confirmed by elemental analysis, spectral data and chemical evidence.
Reduction and Preparation of a Phthalimide Derivative from a Furo-heliangolide
Authors: Da Silva Gil  Valdo José , Heleno Vladimir  Constantino Gomes , Constantino Mauricio  Gomes
Published: October 2008

Goyazensolide, a biologically active natural product classified as a furoheliangolide, was transformed in a phthalimide derivative that showed an enhanced biological activity against Tripanosoma cruzi. The complex natural product was also reduced with high stereoselectivity by hydrogen/Wilkinson’s catalyst; an epimer of this product was obtained in the reduction with hydrogen/Pd-C.
Novel Behavior of Thiiranium Radical Cation Intermediates. Reactions of Dimethyl Disulfide with Alkenes in the Presence of Pd(OAc)2
Authors: Takeuchi Hiroshi , Takatori Junnichi , Iizuka Shingo
Published: October 2008

Reaction of dimethyl disulfide (1) with cyclohexene (2a) in AcOH in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 yields trans-1-acetoxy-2-methylcyclohexane (3a). The equivalent reactions with hex-1-ene (2b) and 2-methylpent-1-ene (2c) or 1-methylcyclohex-1-ene (2d) preferentially give anti-Markovnikov and Markovnikov adducts 4 and 3, respectively, by acetoxymethylthiolation of the alkene. The Markovnikov regioselectivity 3b/4b for the reaction with 2b is higher than that for the reaction using AgOAc instead of Pd(OAc)2, which proceeds via a thiiranium ion. Addition of a polar solvent (MeCN or MeNO2) to the reactions with 2b or 2c using Pd(OAc)2 abnormally decreases the Markovnikov regioselectivity. The total yield of 3 and 4 increases with an increased concentration of AcOH. Compounds 3 and 4 are also formed and the reactions in MeCN or MeNO2 not containing AcOH. A solution of Pd(OAc)2 in 1 exhibits λmax 380 nm (log ε 3.6) assigned to the absorption of a relatively stable sulfonium salt. These indicate that the reactions using Pd(OAc)2 proceed by SN2 ringopening of a new type of thiiranium radical cations paired with −OAc via the sulfonium salts. The insensitivity of the 3/4 ratios to the reaction time at 25-60°C in the reactions with 2c-d shows the ring-opening to be controlled kinetically, but the increased ratio with reaction time at 116°C in the reaction with 2b suggests that the ring-opening is thermodynamically governed. The reaction product with 2d also undergoes a skeletal rearrangement to a thietanium radical cation to give 1-acetoxymethyl-2-methylthiocyclohexane.
Benzamidomethylation with (Benzamidomethyl)triethylammonium Chloride. 2. A Simple Method for Benzamidomethylation of Thiols, Amines and Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Popovski Emil , Klisarova Ljiljana , Vikic-Topic Drazen
Published: October 2008

Thiols and amines were benzamidomethylated in water solution at room temperature with (benzamidomethyl)triethylammonium chloride (1) in the presence of a small quantity of triethylamine (pH>9). Benzamidomethyl thioethers (3a-d) and (benzamidomethyl) amines or di(benzamidomethyl)amines (5) were obtained in high yields (>90%) as well as S(CH2NHBz)2 in a reaction of 1 with Na2S. Benzamidomethyl esters RCOOCH2NHBz were obtained (60-75%) in reactions of carboxylic acids with 1 in chloroform or dioxane.
Mass Spectra of Some 4- and 5-Substituted Derivatives of Benzoselenadiazoles
Authors: Leško Ján , Milata Viktor , Schultz Marcel
Published: October 2008

Electron impact mass spectra of variety of eight 4-substituted and eight 5-substituted benzoselenadiazoles are presented and their spectral fragmentations are discussed. New mass spectra containing selenium in heterocyclic azole atom containing ring.
Selective ipso-Nitration of tert-Butylcalix[4]arene Tripropylether
Authors: Rashidi-Ranjbar Parviz , Taghvaei-Ganjali Saeed , Shaabani Behrouz , Akbari Karim
Published: October 2008

An improved selective ipso-nitration of the tripropoxy derivative of tertbutylcalix[4]arene at the upper rim is described. The synthesized products are key intermediates for construction of molecular receptors based on calixarenes.
Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structural Activity Relationship (3D-QSAR) Studies of Some 1,5-Diarylpyrazoles: Analogue Based Design of Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors
Authors: Desiraju Gautam  R. , Gopalakrishnan Bulusu , Jetti Ram  K. R. , Raveendra Dayam , Sarma Jagarlapudi  A. R. P. , Subramanya Hosahalli  S.
Published: October 2008

Selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors have attracted much attention in recent times in the design of new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). 3D-QSAR studies have been performed on a series of 1,5-diarylpyrazoles that act as selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, using three different methods: comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) with partial least squares (PLS) fit; molecular field analysis (MFA) and; receptor surface analysis (RSA) with genetic function algorithms (GFA). The analyses were carried out on 30 analogues of which 25 were used in the training set and the rest considered for the test set. These studies produced reasonably good predictive models with high cross-validated and conventional r2 values in all the three cases.
Spectral Characteristics of 2,7-Naphthyridines
Authors: Barbu Eugen , Mihaiescu Dan , Cuiban Flavian
Published: October 2008

Substituent increments for the calculation of 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra and the MS characteristics of 2,7-naphthyridines substituted on one ring are presented.
Photolytic Cleavage and Condensation Reactions of Cyclohexa-2,4-dienones with Diamines
Authors: Kim Young  Mee , Song Suk  Jin , Kwon Tae  Woo , Chung Sung  Kee
Published: October 2008

Cyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-one sulfone derivate undergoes ring cleavage to afford bis-amides containing a diene moiety on irradiation with visible light in the presence of various diamines.
Reactions with Hydrazonoyl Halides. 31. Synthesis of Some New Pyrrolidino[3,4-c]pyrazolines, Pyrazoles, and Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazines
Authors: Abdelhamid Abdou  O. , Zohdi Hussien  F. , Sallam Mohamed  M. M. , Ahmed Nagla  A.
Published: October 2008

Pyrrolidino[3,4-c]pyrazoline and pyrazole derivatives were synthesized via reactions of a substituted hydrazonoyl bromide with N-arylmaleimides and active methylene reagents, respectively. Synthesized pyrazoles were reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give the corresponding pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazines.
Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Musa Phytoalexins and Structural Analogs
Authors: Quiñones Winston , Escobar Gustavo , Echeverri Fernando , Torres Fernando , Rosero Yoni , Arango Victor , Cardona Gloria , Gallego Adriana
Published: October 2008

Several perinaphthenone/phenylphenalenone compounds were synthesized to establish a relationship between structure and antifungal activity against Mycosphaerella fijiensis. Substitutions on the unsaturated carbonyl system or addition of a phenyl group reduced antibiotic activity.
Modern Carbonyl Chemistry. Edited by Junzo Otera
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

The carbonyl group is undoubtedly one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry, both in its role as reactive center for synthesis or derivatisation and as crucial feature for special structural or physiological properties.[...]
Applied Thin-Layer Chromatography. By Elke Hahn-Deinstrop
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a powerful, fast and inexpensive analytical method.[...]
Classics in Hydrocarbon Chemistry. By Henning Hopf
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

Carbon and Hydrogen: the two basic building units can be combined in a million different ways to give a plethora of fascinating organic compounds.[...]
Pharmacophore Perception, Development and Use in Drug Design. Edited by Osman F. Güner
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

The book entitiled Pharmacophore Perception, Development, and Use in Drug Design, which has been just released [1], is the first monograph dedicated to the topic of the pharmacophore.[...]
Organic Synthesis on Solid Phase. By Florencio Zaragoza Dörwald
Authors: Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

Organic synthesis on solid supports is a rapidly developing methodology, which offers several advantages if compared to traditional synthesis in solution.[...]
Withdrawn Paper: "Edward J. Parish, Hang Sun, Stephen Kizito and Terrence L. Boos, An Improved Synthesis of 3b-Acetoxy-lanost-8-en-24-one (24-Ketolanosteryl Acetate). Molecules 2000, 5, 114-117"
Authors: McPhee Derek
Published: October 2008

n/a
Lewis Acid Catalysis of the Diels–Alder Reaction Using Niobium and Tantalum Chlorides in the Presence of Coordinating Ligands
Authors: Howarth Joshua , Gillespie Kevin
Published: October 2008

The Jacobsen and pybox type ligands effect chiral induction in the presence of niobium(V) chloride and tantalum(V) chloride in the Lewis acid catalysed Diels–Alder reaction.
Regiospecific and Enantiospecific Ring Opening of Methyl (+)-(1'R, 2R)- and (-)-(1'R, 2S)-1-(2-phenylethanol) Aziridine-2-carboxylates
Authors: Gnecco Dino , Orea Laura  F. , Galindo Alberto , Enríquez Raúl  G. , Toscano R. A. , Reynolds W.  F.
Published: October 2008

The acid-catalyzed ring-opening of methyl (+)-(1'R, 2R) and (-)-(1'R, 2S)-1-(2-phenylethanol) aziridine-2-carboxylates (1) and (2) lead quantitatively to the corresponding 2(S)-(-)-chloro-3-[2'-hydroxy-1'(R)-phenyl-ethylamino] propionic acid methyl ester (3) and 2(R)-(-)-chloro-3-[2'-hydroxy-1'(R)-phenyl-ethylamino] propionic acid methyl ester (4) hydrochlorides.
Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis of 2,5-Diphenyloxazole
Authors: Banciu Mircea  D. , Istrati Daniela , Mihaiescu Dan , Draghici Constantin
Published: October 2008

FVP of the title oxazole (1) at 1000oC and 0.5 mm Hg afforded a complex reaction mixture containing benzonitrile, phenylacetonitrile, biphenyl, diphenylmethane, fluorene, o-benzylbenzonitrile (major product, 22%), phenanthrene, anthracene, 9,10-anthraquinone, 2-phenylindole and 3-phenylindole. A radical and carbene mechanism was suggested in order to rationalize the formation of the reaction products.
2-Substituted-1,3,2-dithioborolans as Chiral Lewis Acid Catalysts
Authors: Howarth Joshua , Glynn Paul
Published: October 2008

1,3,2-Dithioborolans substituted at the 2-position with various homochiral groups can act as chiral Lewis acids in the Diels-Alder reaction between crotonaldehyde or methacrolein with cyclopentadiene. The endo:exo selectivities obtained were good although the enantiomeric excesses were low to moderate.
Synthesis of Potassium (1,1-Dioxothiolan-3-yl)-dithiocarbamate
Authors: Vasiliev A. N. , Polackov A. D.
Published: October 2008

A method of synthesizing bioactive potassium (1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl) dithiocarbamate in high yield and purity is reported.
Exploiting Poly(ethylene glycol) as a Matrix for Liquid-Phase Organic Synthesis
Authors: Sieber Frank , Wentworth Paul , Janda Kim D.
Published: October 2008

Soluble polymer-supported chemistry is a technology that allows the blending of the benefits of polymer-supported synthesis and solution-phase chemistry. Herein, we describe our recent efforts in this area targeted at exploring the scope of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as the matrix. Specifically we describe the use of PEG as a support for triphenyl phosphine and for the Stille reaction.
Claisen, Cope and Related Rearrangements in the Synthesis of Flavour and Fragrance Compounds
Authors: Nowicki Janusz
Published: October 2008

A review of the use of the Claisen, Cope and related [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements, sequential ("tandem") sigmatropic rearrangements and the "ene" reaction in the syntheses of flavour and fragrance compounds is presented.
Convenient Synthesis of (3R, 4S)-4-Methyl-3-hexanol and (S)-4-Methyl-3-hexanone, the Pheromones of Ants
Authors: Dhotare B. , Hassarajani S.  A. , Chattopadhyay A.
Published: October 2008

Synthesis of enantiopure pheromones I and II, both of them bearing chiral methyl branching and an α-oxygenated carbon centre, has been accomplished using compound 2 prepared from D-mannitol as the chiral precursor.
Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of 2-Imino-3-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)-thiazolidin-4-ones and Their 5-Arylidene Derivatives
Authors: Liu Hui-Ling , Lieberzeit Zongcheng , Anthonsen Thorleif
Published: October 2008

Five derivatives of 2-imino-3-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)-thiazolidin-4-ones and a series of their 5-arylidene derivatives have been synthesized and tested for antifungal activity against seven agricultural fungi. 2-Imino-3-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenylthiazol-2-yl)-4-thiazolidi-none and 2-imino-3-(2,4-dichlorophenylthiazol-2-yl)-4-thiazolidione, both of them new compounds, exhibited higher fungicidal effects than the other compounds prepared.
Swern Oxidation of Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-diol and Its Pyrazine-fused Derivatives: An Improved Synthesis of Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dione and An Unexpected Ring-Opening Reaction
Authors: Kobayashi Tomoshige , Kobayashi Sayuri
Published: October 2008

An improved synthesis of bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dione by Swern oxidation of bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-diol, and an unexpected ring-opening reaction by the Swern oxidation of pyrazine-fused congeners are described.
Recent Advances in the Substitution Reactions of Triorganylstannyl Ions with Aromatic Compounds by the SRN1 Mechanism. Synthetic Applications
Authors: Córsico Eduardo  F. , Postigo Al , Rossi Roberto  A.
Published: October 2008

A review on the reactions of triorganyl stannyl ions with haloarenes is presented. Emphasis on the synthetic applications of the resulting triorganyl stannyl aryl compounds is made, with their inherent potential to build large molecules through the SRN1 sequence, i.e. ArX→ArSnR3→ArAr, which can be iteratively repeated when appropriately substituted substrates are chosen.
Free Access or Free Publication
Authors: McPhee Derek , Lin Shu-Kun
Published: October 2008

Since its inception Molecules has been published on the Internet under a policy of providing "free subscription" based access, limited lately to the current issue, with archival access only provided to paid subscribers.[...]