bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MINUM JUS ANGGUR DAN JUS JAMBU BIJI DENGAN DAN TANPA GULA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PH SALIVA
Authors: Hendari Ratnawati , Siregar Irma HY
Published: February 2018

Background: Saliva pH is the standard indicator used to describe the alkalinity or acidity of the saliva which could be changed by dietary (sugar), mechanically or chemically stimuli from food or beverages consumed. Grapes and guava fruit are often used as beverage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of drinking one of grape or guava juice with and without sugar to PH of saliva changes. Method: The research method used in this study was a quasi experiment with cross sectional approach. The study was conducted on 40 college students which were divided into 4 groups, i.e. groups of grape juice with and without sugar and guava juice drink groups with and without sugar. Juice was made with electric juicer with 200 g of fruit mixed with 450 ml of water for groups without sugar and added 50 g of white sugar for groups with sugar. The volume of juice to drink was 50 ml. Salivary pH was measured using pH strips and performed before and 2 minutes after drinking the juice. Results: The results showed that there was an increase in the pH of saliva after drinking the juice in all treatment groups (p <0.05), except in grape juice with sugar, but salivary pH changes among the treatments were similar (p = 0.252). Conclusion: The conclusion of this study was grape juice and guava juice with and without sugar could increased the pH of saliva. except grape juice with sugar. but between treatment groups there was no difference in salivary pH changes
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH HIDROGEN PEROKSIDA 35% DAN KARBAMID PEROKSIDA 35% TERHADAP MICROLEAKAGE PADA RESIN KOMPOSIT NANOHYBRID
Authors: Istianah Istianah , Aryati Ekoningtyas Endah , Benyamin Benni
Published: February 2018

Background: Intrinsic tooth discoloration is an aesthetic problem for most people. One of the Intracoronal bleaching treatment used hydrogen peroxide 35% and carbamide peroxide 35%. Tooth whitening material reported increase microleakage in composite resin. Purpose: This research aims to determine the differences effect of hydrogen peroxide 35% and carbamide peroxide 35 % toward microleakage in the nanohybrid composite resin. Method: This research was an experimental laboratory method with post test only control group design. The research was conducted by doing the root canal treatment on 27 samples of maxillary central incisor with the base, then the procedure of intracoronal bleaching was done using hydrogen peroxide 35 % as group 1, carbamide peroxide 35 % as group 2 and distilled water as control group. After nanohybrid composite resin restorative procedure, coated with nail varnish then immersion in methylene blue 5%. Furthermore, slit the teeth and methylene blue penetration depth measured using metalographyÂ  microscope. Result: Based on one way ANOVA test found that there was a difference in each group with a significance of 0,000 (p < 0,05) it can be interpreted that there are differences between groups. Based on LSD Post Hoc test, found that there was a difference in the effect on the group of hydrogen peroxide 35% and carbamide peroxide 35% with a significance of 0,004 (p<0,05). Conclusion: The results of this research can be concluded that there was differences in the effect of hydrogen peroxide 35% and carbamide peroxide 35% towardmicroleakage in the nanohybrid composite resin.Keywords: intracoronal bleaching, hydrogen peroxide 35%, carbamide peroxide 35 %, microleakage, nanohybrid compositeresin
PENGARUH STIMULASI PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA TENTANG GINGIVITIS TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN ANAK USIA 8-11 TAHUN Studi terhadapSiswa SD Negeri Kuningan 04, Kecamatan Semarang Utara
Authors: Nur Laili Siyam Syarifah , Nurhapsari Arlina , Benyamin Benni
Published: February 2018

Background: Health education was an attempt to increase the knowledge of children to health problems. The provision of health education can be done through stimulation using Educational Educative Equipment (APE) form snakes and ladders game . One of the health problems that was unfamiliar to the child that is gingivitis. Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effect of stimulation of gingivitis snakes and ladders game against the knowledge of children ages 8-11 years. Method: This research method using descriptive analytic with pre and post test design. Samples were collected using simple random sampling method comprising 102 respondents based on inclusion criteria of the SD N Kuningan 04. The independent variable is the stimulation of snakes and ladders game. The dependent variable is the child's knowledge about gingivitis. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Result: Based on the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test showed significance value 0.00 (p <0.05), so it can be concluded that health education using stimulation of snakes and ladders game has the effect to increase the knowledge of gingivitis in children. Conclusion: From these results it can be concluded that education using the stimulation of snakes and ladders game effect to increase children's knowledge about gingivitis.
EFEKTIFITAS HIDROGEN PEROKSIDA DALAM MEMBUNUH BAKTERI AIR ULTRA SCALER PADA DENTAL UNIT DI RSIGM SULTAN AGUNG SEMARANG
Authors: Noor Ridarsyah Laily Maghfira , Priyanto Djoko , Aditya Grahita
Published: February 2018

Background: Infection control is essential in dentristry. Many studies suggested an increase of bacteria in dental unit due to back flow from ultrasonic scaler. Previous study states that hydrogen peroxidein 3% concentration may reduce the number of bacteria's colony of ultrasonic scaler water in RSIGM Sultan Agung Semarang significantly. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide to kill bacteria of ultrasonic scaler water on dental unit in RSIGM Sultan Agung Semarang. Method: The type of research used in the study is quasy experimental with pretest-posttest design. The sample used in this study is 15 dental units which were divided into 3 groups group I 2% hydrogen peroxide, group II 4.5% hydrogen peroxide, and group III 6 % hydrogen peroxide and than flow it on ultrasonic scaler water and check the bakteria before and after experiment. Result: Based on the results of Wilcoxon test the comparison before and after at the three groups obtained the results of significance is less than 0.05. It can be concluded thathydrogen peroxide effectively kills bacteria of ultrasonic scaler water on dental unit in RSIGM Sultan Agung Semarang. Conclusion: From the results it can be concluded that the percentage of hydrogen peroxide which can cause all organisms die without disturbing the patient's health is at 4.5% and 6% concentration.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA TENTANG ORTODONSI PREVENTIF DENGAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN MALOKLUSI PADA GIGI ANAK
Authors: Aditya M Yaqiudin , Baehaqi Moh. , Sri Praptiningsih Rahmawati
Published: February 2018

Background: Malocclusion is abnormal occlusion which signed the unsimetric position of its teeth that caused by genetic factor, unappropiate development, bad habit and malnutrition. The children who got malocclusion problem doesn,t need any attention because children usually still lack of responsbility to take care the dental problem. That,s why the role of parents is very needed. Parents knowledge about preventive ortodensi can make easier to prevent children malocclusion. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to know the influence of parents knowledge about preventive ortodensi to prevent children malocclusion. Method: This research using analitic observational with survey cross sectional method. Data comes from kuisioner. The parents knowledge means everything about the prevention of malocclusion, meanwhile preventive action is the action to handle malocclusion itself. wIlcoxon experiment is used for analitical tool with p < 0.05. Result: The result shown that the parents knowledge about ortodensi will appear better to parents who got the bachelor or diploma degree (65.9%). And preventive action for malocclusion also shown better from parents with bachelor or diploma degree also (71.05%). Conclusion: The conclusion is the influence of parents knowledge about malocclusion prevention in children teethwith level of (p=0.001) with confident level 90%.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN GEL BINAHONG (ANREDERA CORDIFOLIA) 5% TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL FIBROBLAST PADA SOKET PASCA PENCABUTAN GIGI MARMUT (CAVIA COBAYA)
Authors: Ardiana Tifani , Rizkia Putri Kusuma Andina , Dian Firdausy Muhammad
Published: February 2018

Background: Binahong Leaf (Anredera Cordifolia) is known as a medicinal plant. Binahong gel contains an assortment of phytochemicals. Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the Binahong gel (Anredera cordifolia) 5% application into the socket after tooth extraction of guinea pig (Cavia cobaya), and then its fibroblast cells histologically observed at days 4 and 7. Method: This research method was a quasi-experimental. The sample used were 16 guinea pigs (Cavia cobaya) males, aged 3-5 months and divided into 4 groups. Group 1 consisted of four guinea pigs were given a gel Binahong until day 4, 1 control group consisted of four guinea pigs were not given gel Binahong until day 4, 2Â  treatment groups were given gel Binahong until day 7 and 2 control groups were not given gel Binahong until day 7, then the guenia pigs decapitated to be made histological preparats, the aim to see and count the number of fibroblast cells. Kemudian dimasukan dalam data lalu dianalisis. The data analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test with probability p <0.05, and Mann Whitney to determine differences in effectiveness between variables. Result: Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, there is a significant difference between the number of fibroblasts which had giving Binahong gel after tooth extraction of guinea pigs (p <0.05). From the Mann Whitney test concluded the treatment group 1 and control group 1 showed not significant (p> 0.05). In the second treatment group and control group 2 can be concluded there is a significant difference (p <0.05). Conclusion: From the results of this study application gel Binahong 5% for 4 days after tooth extraction does not effectively influence the number of fibroblasts, for 7 days proved effective influence fibroblast cell count after tooth extraction of guinea pig (Cavia cobaya).
KADAR KALSIUM (Ca) DALAM CAIRAN KREVIKULAR GINGIVA PADA PENDERITA PERIODONTITIS KRONIS
Authors: Kurniawati Ita , Pujiastuti Peni , Wulan Suci Dharmayanti Agustin
Published: February 2018

Background: Chronic periodontitis occurred mostly in productive ages. Chronic periodontitis was started by adherence and accumulation of plaque bacteria that caused vascular enhancement, PMN infiltration, and periodontal tissue destruction. This process caused bone calcium solubitily which went trough blood stream and excreted to gungiva sulci. Calcium in periodontal tissue could be found both in extracellular and intracellular matrix.Purpose: Purpose of this study was to know calcium level in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic periodontitis and compare calcium level in chronic periodontitis and gingivitis.Method: This study was analytic observational with cross sectional approach and got admission from ethic comission of Dental Faculty, Gadjah Mada University. The subjects were patients who came to dental hospital of Jember University. The subjects had to full fill informed consent. The subjects were selected according inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects  complying inclusion criteria were divided into gingivitis group (PI score 0 - 0.7) and chronic periodontitis (PI score 1 - 8.0). Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from teeth which got gingivitis and chronic periodontitis, GCF was absorbed using paperpoint and stored inside eppendorf tube. Paperpoint was added with 50 µL 0.02 M PBS pH 7.4 and 100 µL distilled water. Calcium level was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Result: The result showed there was calcium in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic periodontitis. Mean of calcium level of chronic periodontitis was higher than  gingivitis.Conclusion: This study concluded there was calcium in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic periodontitis and calcium level of chronic periodontitis was higher than gingivitis.
CARIES STATUS EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES IN INDONESIAN CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS : Study In SDLB Central Java
Authors: Christiono Sandy , Putranto R Rama
Published: February 2018

Background: The prevalence of ECC (Early Childhood Caries) is still problem in Indonesian, especially in children with special needs. Unstable economic development leads to a poorer economic situation and may have an impact on increasing the prevalence of ECC. This study aimed to investigate the Caries Status of ECC in children with special needs and its association with sociodemografi and parental socioeconomic circumstances in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesian.Method: This research was conducted in SDLB using questionnaire and Using World Health Organization for diagnosis of caries. Informed consent from parents was obtained. The study sample was 21 children aged 3-6 years which consisted of 12 boys and 9 girls. Data were tested by Spearman correlation. Result: The result showed that 85.7% of the children had ECC. The result also showed significant association between ECC in the child and the age of the mother (r= 0.453, p=0.018), education level of the mother (r=0.741, p=0.0001), social status (r=0.807, p=0.0061) and other income (r=0.527, p=0.050). Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there was a significant association between caries status of a young child and the age of the mother, the socio-economic status and other income.
PENGGUNAAN RADIOGRAF GIGI UNTUK KEPENTINGAN IDENTIFIKASI FORENSIK
Authors: Rose Nandiasa Sita , Kiswanjaya Bramma , Yuniastuti Mindya
Published: February 2018

Background: Tooth has a unique characteristic. Teeth often used for forensic identification especially when the other parts of the body could not gave a difference feature used for identification.Discussion: Tooth is part of the body known for its resistant against external influence making it as an important primary identifier. Dental radiographic can act as a helpful tool in identification process to compare antemortem and postmortem data. Radiograph can give a detail features from the teeth and their surroundings, especially digital radiograph so it can ease the identification process.Conclusion : forensic identification using radiograph can be trusted.
EFEK ANTIBAKTERI SUPERNATAN JUS ANGGUR MERAH YANG DIISOLASI DENGAN KECEPATAN SENTRIFUGASI 12.000 rpm TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN S. MUTANS
Authors: Rachmawati Dini , . Sumarno , Nur Cahyani Anggi Wahyu
Published: February 2018

Background: Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) is a gram-positive bacteria in oral cavity which produced acid as the common cause of dental caries. In order to prevent the growth or kill Streptococcus mutans, antibacterial is required. Red grape (Vitis vinifera) is suspected to contain antibacterial.Method: An experimental study using the post test only control group design is carried out to Streptococcus mutans with tube dilution method and streaking on the Brain Heart Infusion. A range of concentration from 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 98%. The control group are group of bacteria and red grape juice control.Result: The analysis of Minimum Inhibitor Bactericidal (MIC) is show a difference absorbent value as the given concentration (Anova, p<0,05). The correlation test show is strong reciprocal association between concentration of res grape juice and absorbent value (r=-0,978; p< 0,05). The analysis of Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) is shows difference of the number of colonies as given concentration (Anova, p<0,05). The correlation reveals a very strong reciprocal association between concentration of red grape juice and the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies growth (r=-0,925; p< 0,05).Conclusion: The conclusion is supernatant of red grape juice has effect the growth as antibacterial agent on Streptococcus mutans in vitro, with MIC at concentration 60% and MBC at concentration 80%
PERBEDAAN LEBAR CELAH TEPI TUMPATAN SEMEN IONOMER KACA MODIFIKASI RESIN NANO DAN MODIFIKASI RESIN
Authors: Kumala Yuliana Ratna , Rachmawati Dini , Sari Amanda Andika
Published: February 2018

Background: One over many ways to treat dental caries is by restoration.Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is the restorations material that bonds physically and chemically to tooth structure. GIC has been developed by combining the conventional material with monomer resin, known as resin  modified GIC (RMGIC). Presently, with the development of nano  technology, RMGIC restoration also available in the form of nano   particles, called nanofilled RMGIC (RMGICn). One disadvantage of GIC is the marginal gap which may affects the durability ofrestoration. Purpose: The purpose of this study to compare the marginal gap width of RMGIC and nanofilled RMGIC.Methods: This study used scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observing and measuring the marginal gap width in two kelompoks of 9 maxillary first premolar teeth. The first kelompok restored with RMGIC, the second kelompok restored with nanofilled RMGIC. Following immersion in artificial saliva and the teeth were thermocycled at a temperature of 5oC, 37oC, and 55oC (250 cycles) 1 minute each. Data analysis was done using independent t-test with 95% confidence interval (α = 0.05).Results: Statistical test showed a significant difference for marginal gap width in both kelompok (p = 0.000).Conclusion: There is marginal gap in RMGIC and RMGICn restoration. RMGIC restoration presented lower marginal gap width than RMGIC.
OBTURATOR PROSTHESIS TO REHABILIT PALATE AND KENNEDY CLAS III PATIENT
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat
Published: February 2018

Background: Cleft palate leads to oroantral communication and also malformations of the palate and agenese of teeth adjacent to the defect. Abnormal defect closure was done by replacing the hard, soft tissues and missing teeth using an intraoral maxillofacial prosthesis called obturator. Purpose: Assess the use of prosthetic rehabilitation using frame obturator combination with acrylic resin on patient’s palatum defect to restore esthetic, speech, swallowing, mastication functions.Case: 23 years old male patient with chief complaint palatum defect that cause nasal voice. Intraoral examination revealed a large palate defect in the right of palatum durum segment, also defect on left labial gingiva, and missing teeth in 13, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 35, 36, 45, 46.Case Management: Obturator was made to cover defect of palate and replace missing teeth. Impression was taken with hydrocoloid irreversible and gauze that cover the defect to avoid alginate entering nasal cavity. Insertion of obturator showed cleft palate was covered well by frame combination with acrylic resin base. The retention, stabilization and occlusion were good, nasal voice was reduced, defect on left labial gingiva were covered by labial wing.Discussion: Patient was satisfed because nasal voice was reduced, estethic,mastication and swallowing function were restored, also. Patient can clean and use obturator easily.Conclusion: Frame obturator in patient’s palate defect can reduce nasal voice, restore esthetic, swallowing and mastication functions.
KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN RESIN KOMPOSIT NANOFILLER SETELAH PENYIKATAN DENGAN PASTA GIGI WHITENING DAN NON WHITENING
Authors: Pribadi Nirawati , Lunardhi Cecilia G.J. , Permata Y Aprodita
Published: February 2018

Background: Improving the aesthetic needs of patients is followed by various improvement and development of aesthetic dentistry products. The aesthetic demand drives the patients to choose the type of restoration which has superiority on its aesthetic properties that is nanofller composite resin. This demand also causes the patients prefer to use whitening toothpaste which its abrasive materials allegedly cause surface roughness. Surface roughness of the restoration is one of the important factors that aﬀect the durability of the restoration. High surface roughness causes the retention of plaque and dicoloration that will ultimately aﬀect the aesthetic of the restoration itself. Objective: To determine the increase of surface roughness nanofller composite resin restorations after brushing with toothpaste whitening and non-whitening.Methods: 21 samples of nanofller composite resin, divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (control) brushed with distilled water, group 2 brushed with mixture of distilled water and whitening toothpaste, and group 3 brushed using mixture of distilled water and non-whitening toothpaste. Each group was brushed with a time of 30 seconds per day for two weeks (14 days). The measurements of surface roughness were taken before and after the samples were brushed.Results: There were an increase in the surface roughness of each groupafter brushing. The result showed that the highest value of increased surface roughness occured in group 2 (whitening toothpaste), while the lowest value occured in group 1 (control). There are also signifcant diﬀerences between the value of the increased surface roughness nanofller composite resin in each group.Conclusions: The increase of surface roughness of nanofller composite resin after brushing with a whitening toothpaste was higher than brushing with non whitening toothpaste
STIMULASI EKSTRAK PROPOLIS PADA ODONTOBLAST LIKE CELLS YANG DIINDUKSI LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS INAKTIF TERHADAP EKSPRESI TLR2 DAN TNFα
Authors: Widjiastuti Ira , Irnatari Nadia , Rukmo Mandojo
Published: February 2018

Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Gram-positive bacterias that enterthe dentinal tissue during the carious process are suspected to inﬂuence the immune response in human dental pulp. Odontoblasts situated at the pulp dentin interface are the frst cells encountered by these bacteria and have an important role in this response. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a wall component of Gram-positive bacteria, triggered the activation of the odontoblasts. LTA upregulated the expression of its own receptor TLR2, as well as the production of proinﬂammatory cytokineTNFα. Propolis is a resinous material that holds a great potential as an antiinﬂammatory agent. Present studies have shown that propolis has a reduction eﬀect towards the proinﬂammatory cytokines expression and favor pulp healing.Purpose: To reveal the moleculer mechanism of propolis stimulation onodontoblast like cells, induced by inactive Lactobacillus acidophilus.Methods: This review was presented in odontoblasts like cells culture induced by inactive Lactobacillus acidophilus and exposed to propolis extract. Pulp cell culture isolated from human impacted thirds molar that has been extracted. Observation and measurement the expression of TLR2 and TNFα was processed by using immunocytochemistry (ICC) technic.Result: Data analysis with ANOVA test, a signifcant diﬀerence in every group(p<0,05) was present. The expression of TLR2 and TNFα were shown at lowlevel percentation on odontoblast like cells, induced by Lactobacillus acidophilus and propolis extract stimulation.Conclusion: Propolis extract stimulations lower the TLR2 and TNFα expression on odontoblast like cells, induced by inactive Lactobacillus acidophilus
PROSES KREATIF PELUKIS KALIGRAFI ISLAM: SEBUAH PENELITIAN KUALITATIF
Authors: Lismarwan Nofan G , Nashori Fuad
Published: February 2018

The aim of this study is to descriptively explore the creative process experienced by Islamic calligraphy painters. The research subjects were active muslim calligraphy painters whose age were above 21 years old and have produced more than 5 Islamic calligraphy paintings. Subjects of this research were: Munichy B. Edrees, H. Ashady and Syaiful Adnan. The data was obtained from a semi-structured interview.  The use of this method of data was intended to identify the creative process among those Islamic calligraphy painters.The results of this research on the creative process in Islamic calligraphy painters were of the followings: (1) it took a good mood and tranquil mind to paint, (2) specified situations may generate inspiration, (3) a desire to paint which were derived from the surrounding reality and occurences, both social and spiritual, (4) the painters‘ feeling of horizontal and vertical satisfaction resulting from painting. (5) the need to probe for a certain theme through the collection of relevant information, (6) the creative process influenced by religious activities, (7) the painters‘ interest and concern on specific themes, (8) the creative process influenced by technical skills of calligraphy painting, (9) the painters’ compliance to  follow their hand movements as they were believed to be inspired by Allah. There were, in fact, similarities and differences found in each calligraphy painters in their creative painting process. Keywords: creative process, calligraphy painter
HARGA DIRI DAN KONFORMITAS TERHADAP KELOMPOK DENGAN PERILAKU MINUM MINUMAN BERALKOHOL PADA REMAJA
Authors: Cipto - , Kuncoro Joko
Published: February 2018

The major purpose of this research is to find the relations between self esteem and conformity with dringking behavior. This study also try to find the contribution of each independen variabel to the dependen variabel. The sample of this research are 52 teenages who watch rock music concert at kudus . The result of this study using multiple regression technique show that there was significan correlation between between self esteem and conformity with dringking behavior with R = 0,125; p = 0,000 (p < 0,01; significan), F = 21,386 dan p = 0,000. Statistical analysis also shows that there was positive significan correlation between self esteem and drinkin behavior with rxy= - 0,313; p = 0,000 (p<0,01).  The relation between conformity and drinking behavior is positive significa with rxy = 0,397 ;             p= 0,000 (p<0,01). This is mean tha all hypothesis are proven or accepted. The final conclusion of this study is there is significan relationship between self esteem and  conformity  with drinking behavior among teenage at kudus.  Keyword : drinking behavior, self esteem, conformity
PERNIKAHAN DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA S-1
Authors: Anisaningtyas Galuhpritta , Astuti Yulianti Dwi
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seluk beluk pernikahan di kalangan mahasiswa strata 1 (S1) dengan fokus pada motivasi menikah, faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terbentuk atau teraktualisasinya motivasi tersebut dan bagaimana kehidupan mereka setelah pernikahan. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah tiga orang dengan karakteristik mahasiswi S1, berstatus sebagai mahasiswa aktif, berusia 18-22 tahun, telah menikah dan tinggal bersama suami serta tidak bercerai sampai saat penelitian ini dilakukan.Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dengan menggunakan interview guide sebagai panduan dalam percakapan. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif, dengan langkah-langkah berupa wawancara, transkrip verbatim, pembuatan tema-tema yang kemudian akan dilanjutkan dengan memasukkan ke dalam sub kategori dan kategori untuk memperoleh model pernikahan di kalangan mahasiswa S1. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa secara umum responden menikah di saat masih kuliah karena memiliki motivasi yang kuat untuk menikah yang didukung oleh faktor-faktor seperti dukungan dan restu dari orangtua serta keyakinan pada diri sendiri untuk menjalani pernikahan sambil kuliah. Secara umum, kehidupan pernikahan mahasiswa yang menikah di saat masih kuliah dalam keadaan baik meskipun mereka mengalami kesulitan dalam mengatur waktu antara kuliah dan rumah tangga dan kadangkala kehidupan pernikahan diwarnai dengan konflik-konflik kecil. Kata kunci: motivasi, pernikahan, kehidupan pernikahan  MARRIAGE AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS Abstract This study aimed to understand the trend to get married among undergraduate students with a focus on their motivation to get married, the factors that lead to the making or the actualization of that motivation, and how their life after marriage. Respondents in this study were 3 female undergraduate students aged 18-22 years old, married and lived with her husband, and did not divorce at the time of this study held. The data collected by interview using the interview guide as guide the conversation. The study employed qualitative analysis with measurement in the interview forms, verbatim transcripts, making the themes which will then be followed by entering into a sub category and category to obtain a model of marriage among undergraduate students. Based on the results, it is concluded that in general the respondents were married while they were still in college because they had a strong motivation for being married and also supported by factors such as the support and blessing of the parents as well as confidence in their self to live a marriage while in college. In general, their marriage life in good condition, although they have difficulty in managing the time between college-family and their marriage life that sometimes tinged with minor conflicts. Keywords: motivation, marriage, marriage life
Erkek Güreş Hakemlerinin Öfke ve Kızgınlık Düzeyleri ile Empatik Eğilim Gösterme Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: ESENTAŞ Melike , ÇELİK Ertan , DİNÇER Nevzat , IŞIKGÖZ Enes
Published: February 2018

The aim of this study is to
examine the levels of anger and empathic tendencies of male wrestling referees.
Working group is composed of 88 male referees participated in the Wrestling
Referees Training Seminar organized by Turkey Wrestling Federation held in
Antalya Kemer on the date of 27-30 December 2016. The results of the study are
collected with "Continuous Anger-Anger Style Scale" adapted by Özer
(1994) and "Empathic Tendency Scale" developed by Dökmen (1988). In
the analysis of the data, correlation and multiple regression analyzes were
used as well as descriptive statistics techniques. In the results of working,
there was no significant relationship between levels of anger and empathic
tendency of male wrestling referees. In addition, the referees' marital status,
age, educational status, refereeing year, refereeing categories and other
professions do not give a meaningful relationship with the level of anger.
Düzenli Egzersiz Yapan Bireylerin Beslenme Alışkanlıklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: DİNÇ Nurten , GÖKMEN Mehmet Hilmi , ERGİN Esin
Published: February 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı
düzenli olarak spor yapan bireylerin beslenme bilgi düzeylerini belirlemektir.
Aydın ilinde özel spor salonunda düzenli olarak fitness ve vücut geliştirme
sporu yapan 115 gönüllü çalışmaya katılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin elde
edilmesinde kişisel bilgi formu ve Alpar (2011) tarafından geliştirilen belenme
alışkanlıkları ve besin tüketim sıklıkları anket formları kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları
21,51±5,02 vücut ağırlıkları ortalamaları 74,81±14,04 kg, boy ortalamaları
177±7,17 cm ve vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) 23,57±3,57 bulunmuştur.  Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22 paket
programı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel gösterimlerinde
tanımlayıcı ve betimsel istatistiklerden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda
katılımcıların ana öğünlerini atlamadıkları; %81,2’sinin kahvaltı yaptığı,
%92,2’sinin öğle yemeği yediği, %97,4’ünün akşam yemeği yediği saptanmıştır.
Ara öğünlerde ise oranların daha düşük olduğu görülmektedir. Katılımcıların
besin ergojeniği kullanma durumlarına bakıldığında %27’sinin besin ergojeniği kullandığı
%72,2’sinin besin ergojeniği kullanmadığı ortaya konmuştur. Besin ergojeniği
kullanan %27lik oranda en çok kullanılan besin ergojeniği çeşidinin protein
tozu olduğu saptanmıştır.
A „vasúti tanfolyam” története mint a vasúti felnőttképzés első intézményesült formája
Authors: Horváth Csaba Sándor
Published: February 2018

A tanulmány alapvetően a vasúti szakemberképzés intézményesülésének kezdeti fázisát mutatja be. Magyarországon 1846-ban nyílt meg az első – gőzüzemű – vasútvonal Pest és Vác között, amelyet egyre több vaspálya kiépítése követett. A kötöttpályás közlekedési eszköz működtetése egyre nagyobb számban igényelte a szakembereket. A vasúti dolgozók képzése azonban 1872-ig kivétel nélkül helyi (állomási) és gyakorlati szinten folyt. 1872-től jelent meg a pesti Kereskedelmi Kamara szervezésében az első szervezett vasút tanfolyam, amely a kezdeti sikerei után egyre kevésbé volt népszerű, végül meg is szűnt. Ugyanakkor 1887-ben sokkal professzionálisabb formában Baross kezdeményezésére ezt a vasúti tisztképzés követte.***This essay is presenting basically the initial phase of the institutionalisation of education of railway specialists. The first railway line – operating by steam – was opened in 1846 between Pest and Vác, which more and more new lines have followed. The operation of the fixed line traffic vehicle demanded more specialists. But the education of railway workers took place solely on local (railway station) and practical level until 1872. The first planned railway training operating by Trade Chamber in Pest was opened in 1872, which was less and less popular after its initial success, finally it finished. Nevertheless the railway officer training followed it with Baross’ initiative in more professional form in 1887.
Overexpression of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase E1α Subunit Inhibits Warburg Effect and Induces Cell Apoptosis Through Mitochondria-Mediated Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Sun Jihong , Li Jingjing , Guo Zhixian , Sun Lu , Juan Chenghui , Zhou Yubing , Gu Hongli , Yu Yan , Hu Qiuyue , Kan Quancheng’ , Yu Zujiang
Published: February 2018

Most cancers rely disproportionately on glycolysis for energy even in the presence of an adequate oxygen supply, a condition known as “aerobic glycolysis,” or the “Warburg effect.” Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit (PDHA1) is one of the main factors for
the metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to aerobic glycolysis and has been suggested to be closely associated with tumorigenesis. Here we observed that the PDHA1 protein was reduced in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, which
was significantly associated with poor overall survival. To further analyze the function of PDHA1 in cancer cells, PDHA1 was upregulated in the HCC cell lines SMMC-7721 and HepG2. The results demonstrated that overexpression of the PDHA1 gene inhibited aerobic glycolysis with lower lactate
via increased PDH activity; meanwhile, mitochondrial OXPHOS was enhanced accompanied with higher ATP and lower glucose consumption. We also found that apoptosis was promoted and intrinsic pathway proteins were increased in PDHA1-overexpressing cells. Collectively, our data indicate that reduced
PDHA1 protein expression is associated with the poor clinical outcome of HCC. Upregulated PDHA1 gene expression can inhibit the Warburg effect and enhance the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway.
Anchoring Fe3O4 nanoparticles in a reduced graphene oxide aerogel matrix via polydopamine coating
Authors: Scheibe Błażej , Mrówczyński Radosław , Michalak Natalia , Załęski Karol , Matczak Michał , Kempiński Mateusz , Pietralik Zuzanna , Lewandowski Mikołaj , Jurga Stefan , Stobiecki Feliks
Published: February 2018

Reduced graphene oxide–magnetite hybrid aerogels attract great interest thanks to their potential applications, e.g., as magnetic actuators. However, the tendency of magnetite particles to migrate within the matrix and, ultimately, escape from the aerogel structure, remains a technological challenge. In this article we show that coating magnetite particles with polydopamine anchors them on graphene oxide defects, immobilizing the particles in the matrix and, at the same time, improving the aerogel structure. Polydopamine coating does not affect the magnetic properties of magnetite particles, making the fabricated materials promising for industrial applications.
Dynapenia and Sarcopenia as a Risk Factor for Disability in a Falls and Fractures Clinic in Older Persons
Authors: Benjumea Angela-María , Curcio Carmen-Lucía , Duque Gustavo , Gomez Fernando
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND: The role of sarcopenia and dynapenia in disability in older persons from falls and bone health clinics remain unknown.AIM: This study aims to compare the association of sarcopenia and dynapenia with physical and instrumental disability in a population of older persons attending a falls and fractures clinic.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study in Manizales, Andes Mountains, Colombia.  534 subjects (mean age = 74, 75% female) Sarcopenia was measured according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) including an index of skeletal mass, muscle strength, and gait speed. Dynapenia was defined as a handgrip force ≤ 30 kg for men and ≤ 20 kg for women.RESULTS: Dynapenia and sarcopenia were present in 84.6% and 71.2% respectively. Both were more prevalent in older subjects and women than men.  While sarcopenia was associated with body mass index and hypertension, dynapenia was associated with hypothyroidism and visual impairment.  After controlling for all covariates, sarcopenia was associated with low IADL and mobility disability.CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia was associated with mobility, ADL and IADL disability. Dynapenia was not associated with disability in this high - risk population. Systematic assessment of sarcopenia should be implemented in falls and fractures clinics to identify sarcopenia and develop interventions to prevent functional decline among elderly individuals.
The Cost-effectiveness of Biannual Serum Urate (SU) Monitoring after Reaching Target in Gout: A Health Economic Analysis Comparing SU Monitoring
Authors: Robinson Philip C. , Dalbeth Nicola , Donovan Peter
Published: February 2018

Objective.

The 2012 American College of Rheumatology gout management guidelines recommend monitoring serum urate (SU) every 6 months after target SU has been achieved. Our objective was to determine through modeling whether this testing would be cost-effective, considering financial cost, quality of life, and estimated change in adherence.

Methods.

A cost-utility analysis was completed with a 3-arm model: (1) no regular urate monitoring; (2) annual urate monitoring; and (3) biannual urate monitoring. Inputs to the model for health-related quality of life, flare rate, and treatment location were drawn from the medical literature and modeled over a lifetime horizon.

Results.

No monitoring was the least costly (Australian$6974) but least effective [13.51 quality-adjusted life-yrs (QALY)], while annual urate monitoring [A$7117; 13.53 QALY; incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) A$13,678/QALY gained] and biannual monitoring [A$7298; 13.54 QALY; ICER A$15,420 per QALY gained] were both cost-effective alternatives in base case analysis. Sensitivity analysis on both an individual component level and a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) demonstrated that the result was robust to changes in input variables. An improvement in adherence of ≥ 3.5% with biannual monitoring was all that was required to demonstrate cost-effectiveness. In PSA, the probability of biannual monitoring was 78%, no monitoring was 20%, and annual monitoring was 2%.

Conclusion.

The results suggest that biannual SU monitoring after attaining target SU is the most cost-effective, compared with no testing and annual testing.
La surprise Trump : les raisons d’une improbable victoire
Authors: Fougier Eddy
Published: February 2018

La victoire de Donald Trump à l’élection présidentielle américaine le 8 novembre 2016 a été l’une des plus grandes surprises de l’histoire électorale des États-Unis. Même s’il a été dépassé de près de 3 millions de voix par Hillary Clinton, Donald Trump n’en a pas moins été largement élu avec 304 grands électeurs. Il doit sa victoire au fait d’avoir remporté la plupart des ‘swing states’, même si la marge a pu être très étroite dans quelques Etats-clefs (Michigan, Pennsylvanie, Wisconsin), et notamment les principaux États en difficulté économique de la ‘Rust Belt’ (Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvanie). Il a su tout d’abord mobiliser l’électorat républicain traditionnel : un électorat masculin, âgé, aisé, protestant et rural. Par son discours protectionniste et anti-immigration, il a également réussi à attirer à lui les suffrages des « cols bleus », les fameux ‘non-college whites’. Or, dans le même temps, Hillary Clinton n’est pas parvenue à mobiliser de façon massive l’électorat démocrate traditionnel. Deux raisons principales ont été avancées pour expliquer la victoire surprise de Donald Trump. La première met l’accent sur le sentiment d’insécurité économique de la ‘working class’, tandis que la seconde, elle, insiste sur son sentiment d’insécurité culturelle. Dans la réalité, les deux formes d’insécurité sont liées l’une à l’autre.
Beware the Folly of Pride: Europe, Trump and the Enduring Need for the Transatlantic Alliance
Authors: Nielsen Kristian L.
Published: February 2018

Cet article étudie les premiers mois de la présidence Trump vus d’Europe en mettant tout particulièrement l’accent sur l’attitude du nouveau Président à l’égard de l’OTAN et de l’intégration européenne. Cependant, au lieu de s’en tenir exclusivement à l’analyse de la personnalité du Président Trump comme se contentent de le faire beaucoup d’analystes, l’article soulève aussi des questions liées à la responsabilité européenne dans la dégradation actuelle des relations transatlantiques et aux initiatives que les Européens doivent prendre avant qu’il ne soit trop tard en vue d’améliorer la situation de l’alliance transatlantique. L’ironie réside dans le fait que cela signifierait se conformer, dans une certaine mesure, aux exigences des Américains qui souhaitent que les Européens augmentent leurs dépenses militaires, mais aussi rendre, en même temps, l’Europe moins vulnérable aux caprices du Président américain.
La relation sino-américaine d’Obama à Trump
Authors: Courmont Barthélemy
Published: February 2018

La stratégie du pivot vers l’Asie mise en place sous l’administration Barack Obama et la politique chinoise (plus qu’asiatique) de Washington qui en découle s’est articulée autour d’un compromis entre des éléments de hard power (militaire, économie) et de soft power (influence, dialogue, persuasion). Elle a ainsi été définie comme une « diplomatie intelligente » (smart policy). En parallèle, les méfiances manifestées à l’égard de la Chine n’ont fait que croître au cours des dernières années. La Chine est devenue un élément structurant de la politique étrangère américaine, que ce soit dans son volet coopératif ou plus stratégique, comme l’illustrent les initiatives de Washington en direction de pays de la région inquiets de la puissance chinoise, ou même ouvertement hostiles à son expansion. Cette tendance se retrouve depuis l’arrivée au pouvoir de Donald Trump, qui s’est évertué à enterrer le pivot de son prédécesseur, et fait face dans le même temps à un rapport de force changeant, et au désavantage des États-Unis. Désireux de repenser la politique chinoise de Washington, le président américain est ainsi confronté à un contexte difficile et qui n’est pas à son avantage.
The Evolution of Sino-American Relations under Trump
Authors: Tzogopoulos George N.
Published: February 2018

La Chine et les États-Unis sont en train de trouver un modus vivendi dans la conduite de leurs relations bilatérales. L’élection de Donald Trump en novembre 2016 est néanmoins susceptible d’introduire des éléments nouveaux dans ces relations. Cet article vise à proposer une première analyse sur les stratégies de rapprochement opérées entre Pékin et Washington durant l’Administration de Barack Obama. Il met l’accent sur l’imbroglio nord-coréen, le risque de guerre commerciale et le retrait des États-Unis du Partenariat Trans-Pacifique. L’article aborde également le débat sur la question de savoir si la Chine est susceptible de prendre une position de leader dans le processus de globalisation à partir du moment où Donald Trump continue de prôner une approche protectionniste en mettant en place son programme s’appuyant sur le slogan « L’Amérique d’abord ».
Présentation
Authors: Caillé Alain , Chanial Philippe , Corbin Stéphane , Robertson Fabien
Published: February 2018

Où il est suggéré que linguistes et sociologues gagneraient à considérer le langage comme régi par les lois de la prestation et de la contre-prestation agonistique.
La parole marchande. Petite grammaire critique de l'utilitarisme smithien
Authors: Robertson Fabien
Published: February 2018

On sait à quel point la propension à échanger, condition de toute relation marchande, reçoit une place de premier ordre dans la théorie d’Adam Smith. Or une telle capacité a pour condition essentielle la faculté de parler, c’est-à-dire d’énoncer les termes de l’échange à venir. C’est dire le rôle déterminant du langage dans une théorie d’obédience utilitariste. Mais la parole, si elle conditionne l’échange de biens, ne saurait se réduire à cet usage, et ce, pour Smith lui-même si on le lit attentivement. L’échange marchand est certes un effet de la parole, mais il ne peut absolument pas en être la fin exclusive.
De la thérapie contextuelle au paradigme du don, et retour
Authors: Chanial Philippe
Published: February 2018

Cet article se propose de discuter l’ouvrage de Pierre Michard, La Thérapie contextuelle de Böszörményi-Nagy.  Il montre combien le thérapeute hongrois, à l’instar de Marcel Mauss, a fait une découverte fondamentale selon laquelle les « symptômes » psychiques ne sont autres que des « pathologies » du don. Cette invitation inédite à étudier tout autrement ce que Lévi-Strauss nommait les « structures élémentaires de la parenté » ouvre ainsi à une clinique originale. Celle-ci vise à interroger, dans un dialogue au sein de la famille sur les liens qui s’y nouent, le surgissement des paradoxes du don et de la dette afin de rendre possible la pérennité du lien et de sa force subjectivante.
Le Grand Jeu : drogues et littérature
Authors: Retaillaud-Bajac Emmanuelle
Published: February 2018

En 1924, à Reims, de jeunes camarades de lycée fondent un groupe d'inspiration surréaliste qui, à partir de 1927, débouchera sur la revue Le Grand Jeu. René Daumal, Roger Gilbert-Lecomte et leurs amis font précocement l'expérience de diverses drogues, tout d'abord par curiosité intellectuelle et par volonté de rompre avec une terne existence provinciale, mais en inscrivant également leur recherche dans une véritable quête métaphysique. Les drogues leur permettent d'explorer certains états-limites de la conscience et de s'aventurer aux lisières de la mort. Roger Gilbert-Lecomte, lui, franchit le pas. Toxicomane incurable tout au long de sa vie, il trouve dans les stupéfiants un palliatif à une douleur existentielle très profonde dont Monsieur Morphée, empoisonneur public, se fait l'écho. L'expérience tentée par les membres du Grand Jeu avec les psychotropes témoigne aussi du rôle essentiel de la drogue au sein d'une certaine frange de l'avant-garde littéraire et artistique au XXème siècle, à la fois comme signe extérieur d'une existence différente et comme volonté réelle de tester les limites de la condition humaine.
Images de la toxicomanie dans la bande dessinée
Authors: Régnier Christian
Published: February 2018

Pour des raisons évidentes de moralité publique, la drogue a longtemps été absente de la bande dessinée. Tout au plus évoquait-on l'opium pour ajouter une touche d'exotisme au récit et dénoncer les puissants réseaux internationaux de trafiquants. A la fin des années Soixante, le courant underground venu des États-Unis donne naissance à une B.D. révolutionnaire, contestataire et militante. Avec l'effondrement des tabous, tous les aspects de la toxicomanie font irruption dans les albums. La drogue devient alors une « simple expérience ». Aujourd'hui, on ne plaisante plus avec la toxicomanie. La période n'est plus à la dérision mais à la dramatisation. Les organismes de prévention ont souvent récupéré la B.D. pour sensibiliser les jeunes aux problèmes de la drogue mais aussi du Sida.