bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cuticle Deposition Duration In The Uterus Is One Of The Major Factors Affecting Eggshell Cuticle Quality In White Leghorn Laying Hens
Authors: Chen Xia , He Zhaoxiang , Li Xingzheng , Song Jianlou , Huang Mingyi , Shi Xuefeng , Li Xianyu , Li Junying , Xu Guiyun , Yang Ning , Zheng Jiangxia
Published: April 2021

Background: The cuticle formed in the uterus is the outermost layer as the first defense line of eggshell against microbial invasions in most avian species, and analyzing its genetic regulation and influencing factors are of great importance to egg biosecurity in poultry production worldwide. The current study compared the uterine transcriptome and proteome of laying hens producing eggs with good and poor cuticle quality (GC and PC, the top and tail of the cuticle quality distribution), and identified several genes involved with eggshell cuticle quality (ESCQ).Results: Overall, transcriptomic analysis identified 53 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PC vs GC group hens, among which 25 were up-regulated and 28 were down-regulated. No differences were found in the uterine proteome. Several DEGs, including PTGDS, PLCG2, ADM and PRLR related to uterine functions and reproductive hormones, were validated by qPCR analysis. Egg quality measurements between GC and PC hens showed GC hens had longer laying interval between two consecutive ovipositions (25.64 ± 1.23 vs 24.94 ± 1.12 h) and thicker eggshell thickness (352.01 ± 23.04 vs 316.20 ± 30.58 μm) (P < 0.05). Apart from eggshell traits, other egg quality traits didn’t differ. The results above suggested the expression patterns of PTGDS, PLCG2, ADM and PRLR genes in the uterus regulated the muscular activity rhythm and secretion function, which ensured the eggshell and cuticle deposition duration, and lead to the good ESCQ of the GC hens.Conclusions：The present study demonstrated eggshell and cuticle deposition duration in the uterus is one of the major factors affecting ESCQ in laying hens. PTGDS, PLCG2, ADM and PRLR genes were discovered and might play crucial roles in cuticle deposition by regulating the uterine muscular activities and secretion function. The findings in the present study provide new insights into the genetic regulation of cuticle deposition in laying hens and establish a foundation for further investigations.
Nomogram for Single-pass Two-speed Automated Microkeratome Graft Preparation for Ultrathin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Ventosa Álvaro Sánchez , Cano-Ortiz Antonio , L. Pablo Morales , Cruces Timoteo González , Mesa Vanesa Mª Díaz , Villarrubia Alberto
Published: April 2021

PurposeTo create a nomogram including the translational speed of the microkeratome blade, microkeratome head size and precut tissue thickness to predict the postcut thickness for Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) to obtain the thinnest possible graft.MethodsThis prospective study incorporated 48 grafts for DSAEK from March 2017 to June 2020. Corneal tissue for DSAEK was prepared by 3 experienced physicians using the Moria Evolution 3E (Moria Inc, Antony, France) microkeratome with 400, 450 and 500 mm head sizes. Precut central corneal thickness was measured with a DGH 550 handheld pachymeter (Pachette 2), taking an average of 3 readings. The microkeratome head was selected according to precut tissue thickness. The target donor lamella thickness ranged from 70 to 120 μm, and the selected microkeratome head size was 150μm less than the donor cornea thickness. Two translational speeds were used for the microkeratome cuts. One month after surgery, the central lenticular thickness was measured with a Visante® Optical Coherence Tomography caliper (Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc, Germany). A descriptive analysis was performed.ResultsForty-eight donor grafts were prepared. Mean graft thickness was 97.58 ± 29.84 μm (range 39-176 μm). Of the 48 samples, central graft thickness was <120µm (81.3%) in 39, <100 µm (58.3%) in 28 and <80µm (37.5%) in 18 at 1-month follow-up. There were no statically significant differences between translational speeds. ConclusionsA nomogram with an automated microkeratome to obtain thin grafts for DSAEK provided good graft thickness results without donor waste.
The Association of Sexual Orientation with Prostate, Breast, and Cervical Cancer Screening and Diagnosis
Authors: Herriges Michael , Pinkhasov Ruben , Lehavot Keren , Shapiro Oleg , Jacob Joseph M. , Sanford Thomas , Liu Nick , Bratslavsky Gennady , Goldberg Hanan
Published: April 2021

PurposeData on heterogeneity in cancer screening and diagnosis rates among lesbians/gays and bisexuals (LGBs) is lacking. Recent studies showed that LGBs have decreased healthcare utilization compared to heterosexual counterparts. Few studies have examined how sexual orientation impacts cancer screening and prevalence. We, therefore, investigated the association between sexual orientation and prevalent sex-specific cancer including prostate (PCa), breast (BC), and cervical (CC) cancer.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional survey-based US study, including men and women aged 18+ from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) database between 2017-2019. The primary endpoint was individual-reported prostate, breast, and cervical cancer screening and prevalence rates among heterosexual and LGB men and women. Multivariable logistic regression analyses assessed association of various covariates with undergoing screening and diagnosis of these cancers.ResultsOverall, 4,441 and 6,333 heterosexual men and women, respectively, were compared to 225 and 213 LGB men and women, respectively. LGBs were younger and less likely to be screened for PCa, BC, and CC than heterosexuals. A higher proportion of heterosexual women than lesbian and bisexual women were screened for CC with pap smears (95.36% vs. 90.48% and 86.11%, p=<0.001) and BC with mammograms (80.74% vs. 63.81% and 45.37%, p=<0.001). Similarly, a higher proportion of heterosexual men than gay and bisexual men were screened for PCa with PSA blood tests (41.27% vs. 30.53% and 27.58%, p=<0.001). ConclusionThere were more heterosexuals than LGBs screened for CC, BC, and PCa. Healthcare professionals should be encouraged to improve cancer screening among LGBs.
Selected 'Starter Kit' energy system modelling data for Angola (#CCG)
Authors: Allington Lucy , Cannone Carla , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger , Hirmer Stephanie
Published: April 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling in developing countries, thereby causing delays. This article therefore provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Angola, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and two stylized scenarios (Fossil Future and Least Cost) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Congo Republic (#CCG)
Authors: Allington Lucy , Cannone Carla , Pappis Ioannis , Halloran Claire , Charbonnier Flora , Hirmer Stephanie , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Taliotis Constantinos , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger
Published: April 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling in developing countries, thereby causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Congo Republic, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and two stylized scenarios (Fossil Future and Least Cost) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Study on rapid screening technology of antisense oligonucleotides for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Shen Huawei
Published: April 2021

According to the structural characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid,SARS-CoV-2 genomes were virtually segmented. After comparing with human genome, 44707 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and 26 primates' genomes, 18 antisense oligonucleotides sequences were selected. Experimental results show that the combined inhibitory effect reaches 100% .
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Gambia (#CCG)
Authors: Allington Lucy , Cannone Carla , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger , Hirmer Stephanie
Published: April 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling in developing countries, thereby causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Gambia, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and two stylized scenarios (Fossil Future and Least Cost) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Morocco (#CCG)
Authors: Cannone Carla , Allington Lucy , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger
Published: April 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling in developing countries, thereby causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Morocco, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and two stylized scenarios (Fossil Future and Least Cost) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Zambia (#CCG)
Authors: Allington Lucy , Cannone Carla , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Cronin Jen , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger
Published: April 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling in developing countries, thereby causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Zambia, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and three stylized scenarios (Fossil Future, Least Cost and Net Zero by 2050) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Optimierung und Subversion
Authors: Donner Martin
Published: April 2021

Der Text fragt im Sinne subjektivationstheoretischer Ansätze nach den Lücken, die das kybernetische Dispositiv dem Selbst eröffnet. Dazu werden zuerst die Grundlagen dieses Dispositiv erörtert. Besonderes Augenmerk wird dabei auf das kybernetische Selbstkonzept und entsprechende Lernverständnisse gelegt. Im Rahmen dessen werden zwei wissenschaftliche Idiome vorgestellt, die mit der Kybernetik verbunden sind, ein repräsentationales und ein performatives. Veranschaulicht wird dies schließlich an den künstlerisch-ästhetischen Medienpraktiken von Ken Kesey (Einer flog über das Kuckucksnest) und der Aktionskunst-Gruppe Merry Pranksters, die aus der spielerischen Auseinandersetzung mit dem kybernetischen Dispositiv emergieren und als prototypische Anordnungen heutiger Multimedia-Kulturen verstanden werden können. Es stellt sich die Frage, welches der beiden Idiome (medien-)pädagogischen Kontexten in normativer Hinsicht eher angemessen ist.
Digital unterstütztes Lernen in der Pflegeausbildung
Authors: Darmann-Finck Ingrid , Wolf Karsten D. , Schepers Claudia , Küster Jan
Published: April 2021

Die tiefgreifende Mediatisierung (Hepp 2018) schliesst nahezu alle gesellschaftlichen Bereiche ein, so auch das Gesundheitswesen. In der Pflegeausbildung ist das Potential des Einsatzes digitaler Medien noch nicht vollumfänglich ausgeschöpft. Zwar werden punktuell digitale Medien, wie etwa Lernplattformen (Moodle), Programme (PowerPoint) oder einzelne Methoden (flinga) in die Lehre integriert. Dennoch erfolgt der Einsatz selten pflegedidaktisch fundiert (Darmann-Finck 2010). Mediendidaktische Ansätze, anhand derer das digital unterstütze Lernen gestaltet werden kann (Kerres 2018; Jahnke 2015), adressieren die Anforderungen des Unterrichtsgegenstandes «Pflege» nicht ausreichend. Im Projekt CARO (Laufzeit 2016 bis 2019) wurde daher ein sog. Classroom-Learning-Interaction-System (CARO CLIS) zur Unterstützung von Live-Interaktionen im Klassenraum entwickelt und evaluiert. Das CARO CLIS unterstützt komplexe Lern-, Interaktions- und Reflexionsprozesse pflege- und mediendidaktisch fundiert. Im folgenden Beitrag wird sowohl die Entwicklung und Evaluation der Software als auch der Unterrichtsinhalte auf Basis des Design-based Research Ansatzes (Koppel 2016) aufgezeigt. Darüber hinaus wird exemplarisch dargestellt, wie mit dem CARO CLIS pflegedidaktisch fundierte komplexe Bildungsziele mit Hilfe mediendidaktischer Interaktionsformate im Unterricht umgesetzt werden können.
Radiation-induced changes in vanadium speciation in basaltic glasses: Implications for oxybarometry measurements using vanadium K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Lanzirotti Antonio , Sutton Stephen , Newville Matthew , Head Elisabet
Published: April 2021

Magmatic oxygen fugacity (fO2) exerts a primary control on the discrete vanadium (V) valence states that will exist in quenched melts. Vanadium valence proxies for fO2, measured using X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), can provide highly sensitive determinations of the redox conditions in basaltic melts. However, X-ray beam-induced changes in V speciation will introduce uncertainty in the calculated average V valence (V*) that must be properly evaluated to make meaningful interpretations of the igneous evolution of the system. The study presented here showed that beam-induced modifications in V speciation are observed in silicate glasses that are dependent on the radiation dose rate used during analysis. Changes in V speciation are observed to be most pronounced at the highest flux density tested, 9.25 × 1011 ph/s/µm2 (photons per second per square micrometer), with rapid changes occurring in the first 200 s of analysis. The high-dose rate conditions result in changes in calculated V* ~0.3 valence unit for the most oxidized glass analyzed (V* = 4.94), which can correspond to ~0.5 log unit reduction in calculated fO2. However, at flux densities ≤1.13 × 109 ph/s/μm2, measured changes in V* were found to be <0.03 for all standard glasses analyzed. The degree of reduction observed during analysis is also found to be progressively smaller as the initial V* of the glass decreases, such that magmatic glasses with V* values ≤3.7 show no statistically significant change in calculated valence during analysis at any flux density tested. For most terrestrial magmatic glasses, where V* is found to be <4, beam-induced changes in V* can be effectively minimized (<0.04), within analytical uncertainty of the XAFS analysis, by limiting flux densities to be ≤1 × 109 ph/s/μm2.
Análise de Redes Sociais: Um Estudo Aplicado na Rede Leiteira do Município de Pato Branco (PR)
Authors: Malagi Cleverson , Marini Marcos Junior
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar aspectos da rede social estabelecida em relação à atividade leiteira no município de Pato Branco, Estado do Paraná, a partir dos elementos da densidade, da centralidade e da reciprocidade presentes nessa rede. Para tanto, utilizou-se de um estudo de caso, a partir de uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa. Com relação à coleta de dados, utilizou-se de fontes primárias a partir da técnica de pesquisa de campo, com a aplicação de entrevistas com roteiros semiestruturados envolvendo os diversos participantes da rede estudada. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que há baixa densidade e reciprocidade nesta rede, porém, a centralidade (horizontalidade da rede) apresentou um resultado que pode ser considerado bom. A partir dos resultados apresentados, identificou-se que mesmo com a presença local de diversos agentes de apoio, a maioria destes apresenta pouca interação com a rede leiteira estudada. No que se refere ao desenvolvimento endógeno, percebe-se que a atividade leiteira é forte indutora local, contribuindo de forma considerável com aspectos socioeconômicos, porém, o que se observa é que a atividade demanda de uma maior organização local.
Expansão da Inovação Social: Uma Análise Sob Perspectivas de Processo e Resultado
Authors: Medeiros Carolina Beltrão de , Gómez Carla Regina Pasa
Published: April 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar a disseminação de uma iniciativa de inovação social, por meio de uma rede colaborativa, que tem como ponto aglutinador uma associação de famílias que almejam o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas direcionadas a crianças  acometidas por microcefalia. O estudo foi norteado por indicadores qualitativos, utilizando o modelo de Medeiros (2018) como referencial norteador da análise, que tem como premissa ambas as abordagens de processo e resultado da inovação social. A coleta de campo envolveu dados primários e secundários, que foram discutidos, respectivamente, por meio de análise de conteúdo categorial e análise documental. A análise possibilitou inferir que a iniciativa estudada tem trilhado uma linha de expansão de suas práticas seguindo um sistema de retroalimentação: a mudança social alcançada nos territórios surge como consequência das práticas sociais emergentes, obtidas por meio da rede de colaboração formada (processo), que tem proporcionado novas respostas locais para os atores beneficiários da iniciativa (resultado), como ações da sociedade civil e do Poder Público com o objetivo de proporcionar inclusão social para as crianças e melhoria em suas condições de vida.
Distribution and potential health risk of nitrate in centralized groundwater sources of Wanbei Plain, Central China
Authors: Hu Yunhu , You Mu , Liu Guijian , Dong Zhongbing
Published: April 2021

Centralized groundwater sources are the main source for drinking, domestic, industry, and agriculture in Central China. Thirty-five centralized groundwater sources were selected to determine the concentration and distribution characterization of nitrate in Wanbei Plain, Anhui Province. Meanwhile, the health risk assessment model recommended by USEPA was used to evaluate the potential health risk for adults and children. The results showed that the average concentration of nitrate in the pore water is lower than that of karst water, which may be attributed to the thinner thickness of loose sediments for karst water. The nitrate in groundwater mainly originates from chemical fertilizers, industrial and domestic waste. The health risk of nitrate to children through drinking water intake and skin contact was significantly higher than that of adults, which was explained by their being more sensitive receptors and facing higher health risks than adults. The non-carcinogenic risk of nitrate in all samples was within the acceptable range. The results also indicated drinking water control is the main way to reduce nitrate health risk. Nevertheless, there is an urgent need to take measures to strengthen groundwater management, improve groundwater quality, and reduce nitrate health risk.
Factors influencing personal hygiene among primary schoolchildren in western Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Kouakou Julie Sackou , Tiadé Marie Laure , Barro Pulchérie Kiki , Kouamé Jérôme , Bediakon Mariette Gokpeya , Desquith Aka Angèle , Kouadio Luc
Published: April 2021

Personal hygiene has an impact on the health, quality of life and academic performance of schoolchildren. The factors associated with it can be complex. We carried out our analysis based on a database on hookworms in schoolchildren in Côte d'Ivoire. This is a cross-sectional retrospective study, on 2,035 schoolchildren recruited from 30 schools in the western region of Côte d'Ivoire. The predictors of good personal hygiene for schoolchildren were the existence of a good level of sanitation at home (OR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.24–2.13) and a primary school education as the minimum level of education for the father (OR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.12–1.96). In contrast, students below the age of ten attending poor sanitary establishments are more likely to have poor personal hygiene (OR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.22–0.73); therefore, it becomes necessary to provide good basic environmental sanitation for families and schools.
Effects of input/output parameters on artificial neural network model efficiency for breakthrough contaminant prediction
Authors: Pal Jayashree , Chakrabarty Dibakar
Published: April 2021

Groundwater quality assessment is characterized by pollution injection rates, pollution injection locations and duration of pollution injection for identifying spatial and temporal variation. In this study, spatial variations are obtained by placing observation wells in the downstream zone. Temporal variations in contaminant concentration has been simulated during the study period. Generally, simulations are carried out using various numerical models, which are subject to the availability of all required input parameters and are necessary for the proper management of contaminated aquifers. In previous publications, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are prescribed in such situations as these modeling methods focus on available input/output datasets, thus resolving the concern of obtaining all inputs that a numerical simulator usually demands. Past studies have predicted groundwater breakthrough contaminants. But the effects of input/output variations need to be discussed. This study aims to quantify the effects of a few input/output datasets in the performance of ANN models to simulate pollutant transport in groundwater systems. The combinations of input/output scenarios have rendered these ANN models sensitive to variations, thus affecting model efficiency. These outcomes can reliably be employed for contaminant estimation and provide a paradigm in data collection that will help hydrogeologists to develop more efficient prediction models.
La responsabilidad extracontractual del Estado: la jurisdicción contenciosa y su relevancia en la construcción de paz alrededor de los derechos fundamentales de las víctimas
Authors: Roncancio B. Andrés Felipe , Hoyos García José Fernando , Restrepo M. Mariana
Published: April 2021

Este artículo busca revisar cómo a través de la responsabilidad extracontractual del Estado pueden determinarse las condiciones de protección para los derechos fundamentales a partir del acuerdo de paz logrado entre el Estado de Colombia y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército Popular. Se muestra que más allá de la discusión sobre la naturaleza del conflicto armado interno, la institucionalidad ha determinado unas acciones de garantía y protección de las víctimas, en especial, en cabeza de la Corte Constitucional y el Consejo de Estado. Allí se fijan puntos de análisis que deben ser observados en el fortalecimiento institucional a partir de las acciones de reparación directa en materia de responsabilidad extracontractual del Estado. Estos elementos deben darse para garantizar con éxito la implementación del posacuerdo.
Benefiting From Digital Use: Prospective Association of Internet Use With Knowledge and Preventive Behaviors Related to Alzheimer Disease in the Israeli Survey of Aging
Authors: Neter Efrat , Chachashvili-Bolotin Svetlana , Erlich Bracha , Ifrah Kfir
Published: April 2021

Background

Previous work documented the beneficial association between internet use and improved cognition, functional capacity, and less cognitive decline among people in late adulthood. This work focused on potential mechanisms of such an association: knowledge on Alzheimer disease (AD) and preventive behaviors related to AD.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine prospective associations of internet use and perceived computer skills with knowledge on AD and preventive behaviors related to AD.

Methods

The sample included 1232 older adults (mean age 71.12 [SD 9.07]) drawn from the Israeli branch of the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE-Israel). The sample is representative of Israeli households of adults aged 50 or older and their spouses. Data analyzed were collected in person during 2015 (Wave 6), and in a drop-off questionnaire following the in-person 2017 data collection (Wave 7).

Results

Although both internet use and perceived computer skills were prospectively associated with knowledge and behaviors related to AD in bivariate analyses, after controlling for sociodemographics, only internet use was associated with more such knowledge (β=.13, P<.001) and behaviors (β=.22, P<.001).

Conclusions

Internet use emerged as a prospective predictor of protective factors against AD. Policymakers should advance digital engagement so as to enhance knowledge on AD and preventive behaviors among older adults.
Adolescent Health on Social Media and the Mentorship of Youth Investigators: Five Content Analysis Studies Conducted by Youth Investigators
Authors: Bushman Maggie , Godishala Shreya , Hyzer Reese , Jerisha Joshua , Jolliff Anna , Kaji Ethan , Kerr Bradley , Mathur Anjali , Tsao Owen
Published: April 2021

Although the literature on adolescent health includes studies that incorporate youth perspectives via a participatory design, research that is designed, conducted, and presented by youth remains absent. This paper presents the work of 5 youth investigators on the intersecting topics of adolescent health and social media. Each of these youths was equipped with tools, knowledge, and mentorship for scientifically evaluating a research question. The youths developed a research question that aligned with their interests and filled a gap that they identified in the literature. The youths, whose projects are featured in this paper, designed and conducted their own research project, drafted their own manuscript, and revised and resubmitted a draft based on reviewer input. Each youth worked with a research mentor; however, the research questions, study designs, and suggestions for future research were their own.
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Authors: Bezditko P.A. , Parkhomets R.O.
Published: April 2021

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Pemberdayaan Pemuda Karang Taruna Desa Ngentakrejo dalam Masa/ Pasca Darurat Covid-19 Melalui Kegiatan Kesenian
Authors: Jatmiko Rahmawan , Adi Ida Rochani , Saktiningrum Nur
Published: April 2021

This Community Service program is intended as one of assistance service programs for people affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, which has created major impacts on the pattern of people's lives in practically all aspects and levels of society, including the youth organizations in rural areas. This program focuses on facilitating activities which can maintain productivity and enthusiasm of the youths during the pandemic/ post-pandemic situation. Some of the initial inputs and data of the youth group targeted for the activity, namely the youth organization Tunas Harapan Ngentakrejo, were obtained during the observation period which was then followed up for realization of the program. All of the activities in the program are carried out online or remotely, with internet communication media, by utilizing common communication technology devices, applications and software. This activity, conducted from July 2020 to mid-October 2020, has resulted in a collaborative video output featuring artistic activities produced youth organizations Tunas Harapan Ngentakrejo.

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Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini ditujukan sebagai salah satu bentuk program pendampingan bagi masyarakat yang terdampak pandemi Covid-19 yang merupakan sebuah peristiwa yang berdampak besar bagi pola kehidupan masyarakat hampir di semua aspek dan lapisan masyarakat, tak terkecuali generasi muda di pedesaan, agar nantinya dapat menjaga produktifitas dan semangat mereka dalam berkarya. Beberapa masukan awal dari kelompok pemuda sasaran kegiatan yakni pemuda karang taruna Tunas Harapan Ngentakrejo telah diperoleh pada masa observasi yang selanjutnya ditindaklanjuti sehingga terwujud program kegiatan ini. Keseluruhan kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan cara online atau jarak jauh, menggunakan media komunikasi via internet memanfaatkan perangkat-perangkat teknologi komunikasi serta beberapa software yang dapat digunakan untuk produksi karya bersama. Kegiatan yang dimulai sejak bulan Juli 2020 ini telah selesai dilaksanakan pada pertengahan bulan Oktober 2020, dan mengasilkan luaran berupa hasil video kolaboratif yang menampilkan kegiatan kesenian dari para pemuda karang taruna Tunas Harapan.
Rancang Bangun Phonocardiograf Berbasis Labview
Authors: Febrian Ramdani , Sumanto Budi
Published: April 2021

The aim of this research is to develop a phonocardiograph system to display the signal and information form of the human heart sound examination. The analytical method applied is to use the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to determine the frequency of responses of human heart sound signals by using Labview software. The results obtained indicate the system able to display the signal shape of the heart sound, based on ten respondents whose data are taken shows the range of heart sound frequencies is in the range of 145 to 225 Hz with a duration of 81 to 120 bpm. Keywords: Phonocardiograph, FFT, Labview
Factors Affecting Parents Decision to Send Their Children Abroad for Studies: A Case Study of Parents in Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: PHAM Van Thi Hong
Published: April 2021

The study aims to identify factors influencing the parents’ decision in Ho Chi Minh City to send their children to study abroad. The study used the exploratory factor analysis method to examine and estimate regression coefficients on sample 243 observations from parents whose children study abroad. Research has identified 6 factors affecting the decision to send a child to study abroad. The paper shows that the parents’ decisions to let their children study abroad are not only based on the parents’ desire but also on the students’ desire. In addition, factors such as the family’s financial capacity, training programs, career prospects, and self-reliance also affect the parents’ decisions to send their children to study abroad. Interestingly, the study found that factors of self-reliance have negative impacts on parents’ decisions to send their children to study abroad. When they realized that their child may have good self-reliance, great success would be obtained regardless of study location. As a result, motivation for the overseas study was no longer found by them. Since then, domestic training programs need to increase opportunities to practice English, the opportunity to practice independence and flexibility in training programs will limit your children to study abroad.
Site Attachment Inhibition: Research Note
Authors: Raymond Simon
Published: April 2021

One issue with stem cell therapy immunization is that it requires the embryo to undergo stem cell therapy and not all pregnancies are identified this early.The solution to this has already been discussed. Stem cell therapy could be carried out at spermatogenesis and oogenesis. The genes targeted that which correspond to embryonic CCR5-32, taking into account association versus causation.Whilst this may seem burdensome, it depends how keen society is to eradicate HIV.Ethics approval has been granted for embryonic stem cell therapy above but not yet for oogenesis and spermatogenesis.
Influence of the shape and size of the ground targets on the accuracy of photogrammetric processing
Authors: Elsheshtawy Amr , Gavrilova Larisa A. , Limonov Anatoly N. , Elshewy Mohamed
Published: April 2021

The materials obtained from the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are used to solve many problems, including large-scale mapping and monitoring of linear objects, as well as the ecological situation and monitoring of emergency situations. The promptly obtained photographic materials make it possible to reveal the consequences of man-made human impact associated with degradation of the soil cover, flooding of lands, salinization and pollution of the soil layer, and changes in the vegetation cover. Control points are used for absolute orientation of the generated models in the most projects of photogrammetric processing of aerial photos and images obtained from UAVs. In areas with low contour, before aerial survey, targeting is carried out in the required zones. The research is devoted to the study of the influence of the shape of ground targets on the accuracy of photogrammetric processing. It involved three different types of ground targets located on the land cover along the survey path at a distance not exceeding 1 m from each other. The targets were used as ground control points in the photogrammetric processing of the materials from the UAV. Two three-stripe photographic surveys of the 900 m long track were carried out: with UAV DJI PHANTOM 4 PRO camera FC6310 at a scale of 1:3400 and ground resolution of 1 cm and with the DJI Mavic PRO UAV camera FC220 at a scale of 1:12 700 and ground resolution of 2 cm. In both cases, the direction of flight is north - south, 36 targets were included in the photogrammetric processing. In the first case, 502 images were processed, in the second - 152. The photogrammetric processing for the orthophoto mosaic generation was carried out using the Agisoft Photo Scan Professional software. Four different contrasting sites in the study area were selected for the study: green grass, dry grass, clay, sand. Accuracy was assessed according to two criteria: 1) the degree of visualization of the target on the images; 2) the accuracy of the orthophoto mosaic, generated using various targets.
Inovações democráticas e democracias representativas
Authors: Warren Marc
Published: April 2021

Nossas democracias estão enfrentando desafios profundos, desde os sistemas econômicos que estão afetando muitos cidadãos, até questões globais de meio ambiente, segurança e migração que cruzam as fronteiras nacionais. As eleições estão cada vez mais falhando na promoção de governos com capacidades suficientes para enfrentar esses desafios, ampliando a insatisfação de amplos segmentos de cidadãos, o déficit de nossos sistemas de representação, e o eleitorado de populistas autoritários. Podemos complementar as democracias representativas eleitorais com inovações que respondam a esses déficits democráticos? Embora a democracia eleitoral esteja sendo crescentemente desafiada, a “democracia” não está em crise. Na maioria dos países, os valores democráticos são fortes e estão se consolidando. Precisamos pensar sobre as inovações democráticas sistematicamente, em termos dos tipos de valores que elas capturam e das deficiências de desempenho que poderão enfrentar. Ao fazermos isso, podemos refinar uma agenda para o campo das inovações democráticas focada no projeto democrático, para além das instituições legadas da democracia eleitoral.
Inovações Democráticas na América Latina
Authors: Pogrebinschi Thamy , Ross Melisa
Published: April 2021

Este artigo objetiva elucidar a rica diversidade de contextos sobrepostos e narrativas singulares que compõem o cenário da inovação democrática na América Latina. Para isso, examinaremos o contexto e as principais tendências das inovações democráticas em cada uma das sub-regiões, a saber, o Cone Sul, a América Central e os Andes. Esta análise é complementada por exemplos emblemáticos de inovações democráticas em 18 países. Por fim, realizamos uma breve avaliação de experimentos participativos da sociedade civil em resposta à pandemia de Covid-19 em 2020 e das implicações da crise sanitária no campo da participação cidadã no continente. Na conclusão, apontaremos alguns rumos no desenvolvimento de inovações democráticas na América Latina e tentaremos extrair algumas lições.
Institutional Trust and Corruption: Evidence from Latin America
Authors: Andriani Luca , Escudero Loaiza Margarita Maria
Published: April 2021

Durante décadas de mudanças políticas e sociais, a corrupção se tornou um fator pervasivo e habitual nos governos latino-americanos. A literatura sobre a economia política da corrupção debate, em grande parte, os impactos negativos que políticas anticorrupção ineficientes têm na responsividade do Estado (state accountability). Sem dúvida, este trabalho contribui para a literatura ao oferecer evidências importantes de suporte para esse assunto. Com dados do Latinobarómetro coletados entre 2006 e 2010, este estudo explora a relação entre a percepção dos cidadãos em relação à corrupção e à confiança nas instituições públicas, mais comumente chamada de confiança institucional. Evidências empíricas sugerem que a confiança dos cidadãos cresce se eles percebem melhoras na redução da corrupção. Esses resultados são robustos também para a inclusão de várias covariáveis socioeconômicas, bem como quando replicamos a análise para cada item de confiança institucional separadamente. Nossa análise inevitavelmente estabelece relação com a literatura sobre a qualidade das instituições governamentais e faz do contexto latino-americano o novo terreno geopolítico para esse debate complexo.
Quem são os jovens do ensino médio?
Authors: Bungenstab Gabriel Carvalho
Published: April 2021

Este artigo situa-se no debate atual envolvendo a relação da juventude com a instituição escolar. O objetivo é compreender quem são os jovens que frequentam o ensino médio público na cidade de Goiânia, Goiás. Para tal, além da discussão sociológica sobre a juventude, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com a aplicação de questionários para 297 estudantes. A partir das respostas, foram criadas três categorias: 1) os jovens que acreditam que a juventude é uma fase para aproveitar a vida com liberdade; 2) os jovens que veem a juventude como uma fase de amadurecimento/responsabilidade; e, 3) aqueles que não responderam a pergunta. No intuito de classificar os grupos, o primeiro deles foi chamado de “Juvenilistas”; o segundo de “Passageiros” e o terceiro de “Invisíveis”. Conclui-se pela necessidade de compreender os jovens estudantes, já que é por meio desta compreensão que se chega ao entendimento de que a juventude hodierna tem vivenciado (ou sofrido) processos heterogêneos de socialização e isso faz com que os jovens passem a serem mais percebidos socialmente como sujeitos capazes de tomar decisões e se posicionarem, inclusive dentro do ambiente escolar.
Escola e Juventude – breves reflexões
Authors: Macedo Oliveira Eliane Dos Santos
Published: April 2021

Este texto corresponde a um breve ensaio que articula conclusões obtidas por meio da pesquisa de campo realizada com estudantes do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública estadual na região noroeste do Paraná, sobre os processos escolares e a inclusão do diálogo na relação e interação com os professores e os estudos sobre escola e juventude de autores como Michel Maffesoli, Ivan Ilich, Viviane Mosé, Rui Canário Karl Manheim e outros que se dedicam em compreender os movimentos que envolvem a evolução das compreensões de escola e também das juventudes que se metamorfoseiam temporal e espacialmente. A pesquisa foi realizada no ano de 2015 e compôs os resultados da dissertação intitulada “Imaginários de violência na relação professor-aluno”, defendida no Programa de Pós-Graduação da UNIOESTE/PR. O recorte aqui pretendido, considera três questões de um questionário semiestruturado que objetivou identificar as percepções dos estudantes sobre o espaço de diálogo oportunizado pelas equipes escolares e pelos professores emmomentos variados das suas rotinas institucionais. As respostas concedidas pelos estudantes foram analisadas com base no referencial teórico de Laurence Bardin em que se buscou encontrar recorrências entre os termos e similaridades entre as variadas falas.
Juventude e transitoriedade: o perfil dos residentes de IRPAA e os aspectos de sua formação
Authors: De Souza Menezes Alexandre Junior , Rocha Amorim Ricardo José , Dias de Oliveira Adelson
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo ampliar a especificidade da abordagem histórica que gira em torno da discussão “repúblicas estudantil” e “juventude”, bem como desenvolver considerações teórico/metodológicas sobre a condição juvenil vivida por estes jovens. Utiliza-se metodologicamente de narrativas de 10 (dez) colaboradores, sendo 6 (seis) jovens que vivem e 4 (quatro) que viveram em uma república de estudantes mantida por uma organização não governamental situada na cidade de Juazeiro, na Bahia, em que oferecem para além da estadia possibilidades formativas no âmbito da convivência com o semiárido, aspecto este que se contrapõe a formação técnica profissionalizante sob os quais estão submetidos. Apresenta como principais resultados a reflexão de que estes jovens que são de origens diferentes, seja do campo com bases tradicionais (indígenas, quilombolas, pescadores, agricultores familiares, familiares, fundo de pasto, movimentos sociais, etc.), se constituem como jovens transitórios, sendo o resultado doprocesso de construção do sujeito, a partir do hibridismo juvenil, influenciado pelos movimentos transitórios, o que configura como principal desafio para se pensar e propor processos formativos que atendam às necessidades específicas destes sujeitos, seja no campo educacional, de movimentos sociais e/ou da ecologia humana.
The Ability of Early Warning Scores to Predict in Hospital Mortality and ICU Admission for Patients with Covid 19 Pneumonia in the Emergency Department
Authors: Arik Yunus , Topçu Hatice , Altınay Mustafa
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Early recognition of critical patients in crowded
environments such as emergency departments is required in Covid 19
pandemic and many early recognition scoring systems are used. In this
study, we aimed to determine the prognostic values of these scoring
systems. Material and method: This retrospective study was performed
between March 2020 -May 2020 and 212 patient who have Covid 19 pneumonia
were enrolled the study. National Early Warning Score (NEWS), Modified
Early Warning Score (MEWS) and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment
(qSOFA) scores were calculated at the time of admission to the emergency
department. Demographic data, mortality, intensive care unit (ICU)
admission rates and the prognostic values of the scores were calculated.
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine
the diagnostic values of scores and the optimum cut-off values were
determined by using Youden Index. Results: 23 (10.8%) of 212 patients
died and 34 (16%) were admitted to ICU. The AUC values of MEWS, NEWS,
and qSOFA for predicting mortality in < 65 years old were
0.852 (95% confidence interval 0.708-0.997), 0.882(0.741-1.000) and
0.879(0.768-0.990) and >65 years old, 0.854(0.720-0.987),
0.931(0.853-1.000), 0.776(0.609-0.944) respectively. For ICU admission
AUC values of MEWS, NEWS and qSOFA in <65 years old followed
as; 0.882(0.783-0.981), 0.914(0.817-1.000), 0.868(0.764-0.973) and
0.845(0.725-0.965), 0.926(0.854-0.998), 0.815(0.676-0.954) in ≥ 65 years
old. While < 65 years old; MEWS and qSOFA’s optimal cut-off
values for mortality were ≥2 with %90.0 sensitivity %74.7 specificity
and ≥1 with %90.0 sensitivity %74.7 specificity, for ≥ 65 years NEWS
optimal cut-off is ≥6 with 91.7% sensitivity and 76.7% specificity.
Conclusion: All these three scores have good predictive value for
mortality and ICU admission, but NEWS is better than MEWS and qSOFA
especially in ≥ 65 years old patient with Covid 19 pneumonia.