bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Model Workflow for GeoDeepDive: Locating Pliocene and Pleistocene Ice-Rafted Debris
Authors: Goring Simon , Marsicek Jeremiah , Ye Shan , Williams John , Meyers Stephen , Peters Shanan , Quinn Daven , Schaen Allen , Singer Brad , Marcott Shaun
Published: July 2021

Machine learning technology promises a more efficient and scalable approach to locating and aggregating data and information from the burgeoning scientific literature. Realizing this promise requires provision of applications, data resources, and the documentation of analytic workflows. GeoDeepDive provides a digital library comprising over 13 million peer-reviewed documents and the computing infrastructure upon which to build and deploy search and text-extraction capabilities using regular expressions and natural language processing. Here we present a model GeoDeepDive workflow and accompanying R package to show how GeoDeepDive can be employed to extract spatiotemporal information about site-level records in the geoscientific literature. We apply these capabilities to a proof-of-concept subset of papers in a case study to generate a preliminary distribution of ice-rafted debris (IRD) records in both space and time. We use regular expressions and natural language-processing utilities to extract and plot reliable latitude-longitude pairs from publications containing IRD, and also extract age estimates from those publications. This workflow and R package provides researchers from the geosciences and allied disciplines a general set of tools for querying spatiotemporal information from GeoDeepDive for their own science questions.
C:N:P stoichiometry in six distinct habitats of a glacier terminus in the Yangtze River Source Area
Authors: Ren Ze , Gao Hongkai , Luo Wei , Elser James J.
Published: July 2021

Glaciers are among the least explored environments on Earth, especially from a perspective of nutrient stoichiometry. In this study, we documented and compared the nutrient availabilities (concentrations) and composition (stoichiometric ratios) of nutrients (C, N, and P) in six distinct habitats of a glacier terminus in the Yangtze River Source area, including surface ice (SI), basal ice (BI), basal sediment (BaS), newly exposed forefront soil close to glacial terminus (TS), soil at increasing distances from glacier terminus (DS), and forefront soil with well-developed vegetation (VS). The results showed that SI had significantly higher DOC and N concentrations as well as higher C:P and N:P ratios than BI. However, BI had significantly higher SRP than SI. In addition, both SI and BI had very high C:P and N:P ratios, suggesting P-limitation. For sediment/soil in glacier terminus, nitrogen and organic carbon concentrations were significantly lower in BaS, TS, and DS than in VS. Moreover, TP and SRP concentrations were significantly higher in BaS and VS than in TS and DS. These nutrient patterns could be explained by differences in biotic influence in soil development or by changes in soil physical properties. With regard to nutrient limitation, VS had a significantly higher C:N, C:P, and N:P ratios than BaS, TS, and DS, supporting a long-held biogeochemical and ecological paradigm that ecosystem processes during early successional stages are primarily organic C and N limited but are P-limited in later successional stages. Considering that glaciers cover around 10% of the terrestrial landmass and are experiencing severe retreat, documenting and comparing nutrient contents and stoichiometry in glacier terminus can further our understanding of global biogeochemical cycles under future climate change regimes.
Parasympathetic Activity, Emotion Socialization and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Children: Longitudinal Associations Between and Within Families
Authors: Ugarte Elisa , Liu Siwei , Hastings Paul
Published: July 2021

Biopsychosocial models of children’s socioemotional development highlight the joint influences of physiological regulation and parenting practices. Both high and low levels of children’s baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) have been associated with children’s maladjustment, indicative of nonlinear associations. Negative or unsupportive parental responses to children’s emotions are consistently linked with internalizing (IP) and externalizing problems (EP), although few studies have examined how associations vary within families. This study examined within- and between-person associations of children’s quadratic baseline RSA, negative maternal emotion socialization, and children’s problems over six years. RSA was measured in 133 3.5-year-old children (72 female) in predominantly middle- to upper-middle socioeconomic status, Caucasian families. Mothers reported on their emotion socialization practices and their children’s adjustment concurrently and 1, 5, and 7 years later. Multilevel structural equation models revealed quadratic associations between baseline RSA and both IP and EP at the between-person level, suggesting that children with moderate RSA had fewer adjustment problems, on average, than children with lower or higher RSA. Across time and between families, children displayed more problems if their mothers reported more negative responses to their children’s emotions. Within families, IP were elevated on years when mothers reported higher than usual negative responses, and children with either high or low baseline RSA had more problems on years when mothers reported greater than usual negative responses to their children’s emotions. Altogether, these findings suggest that high and low baseline RSA may increase the risk for maladjustment, particularly in the time-varying context of aversive emotion socialization practices.
Predictive language comprehension in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Aveni Katharine , Ahmed Juweiriya , Borovsky Arielle , McRae Ken , Jenkins Mary , Sprengel Katherine , Fraser Alex , Orange Joseph B. , Knowles Thea , Roberts Angela
Published: July 2021

Language impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) may be attributable to motor and action/event knowledge deficits. We predicted that cognitively intact PD participants would be impaired in anticipating objects in sentences from event-based thematic fit information. Twenty-four PD and 24 healthy age-matched participants completed comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. We recorded participants’ eye movements as they heard predictive (The fisherman rocks the boat) and non-predictive baseline sentences (Look at the bathtub). Predictive sentences contained target, agent-related, verb-related, and unrelated images. Baseline sentences used phonologically and semantically unrelated distractors. We tested effects of group (PD/control) on gaze using growth curve models. There were no significant differences between PD and control participants in either sentence type, suggesting that PD participants successfully and rapidly use combinatory thematic fit information to predict upcoming language. Additionally, we conducted an exploratory analysis contrasting PD and controls’ performance on low motion content versus high motion content verbs. This analysis revealed fewer predictive fixations in high-motion sentences only for healthy older adults, suggesting that people with Parkinson’s disease may adapt to their disease by relying on spared, non-action-simulation-based language prediction and processing mechanisms. Given that multiple studies have shown that individuals with PD have difficulty processing verbs, it is highly surprising that they match healthy adults in their ability to use verb meaning to predict upcoming nouns.
The Politics of Vaccine Hesitancy: An Ideological Dual-Process Approach
Authors: Soral Wiktor , Bilewicz Michał
Published: July 2021

Ideological convictions are known to shape attitudes and behaviour in various life domains. Based on existing psychological analyses of political ideology, we use an ideological dual-process approach to explain people’s vaccine hesitancy, in which distinguish between authoritarian (RWA) and hierarchical (SDO) facets of conservatism as potential antecedents of vaccination attitudes. In a large international study performed in Germany (N = 1210), Poland (N = 1209), and the United Kingdom (N = 1222), we tested the roles of SDO and RWA in predicting vaccination hesitancy, as well as cross-cultural universality of the the pattern of relationships between political ideologies and attitudes toward vaccines. In all three countries, high SDO was associated with higher vaccine hesitancy, whereas high RWA was associated with lower vaccine hesitancy. These findings contribute to our understanding of the distinctive roles that these two facets of right-wing ideology might play in the domain of public health.
Psychological and behavioural interventions in bipolar disorder that target sleep and circadian rhythms: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Bisdounis Lampros , saunders kate , Farley Hannah , Lee Charlotte , McGowan Niall , Espie Colin , Kyle Simon
Published: July 2021

A systematic review and meta-analysis of behavioural sleep and circadian rhythm intervention RCTs in bipolar disorder
Effects of a Web-based Parenting After Divorce Program to Reduce Interparental Conflict, Increase Quality of Parenting and Reduce Children’s Post-Divorce Behavior Problems
Authors: Wolchik Sharlene , Sandler Irwin , Winslow Emily , Porter Michele M. , Tein Jenn-Yun
Published: July 2021

This paper describes a randomized controlled evaluation of a web-based parenting-after-divorce/separation program, the electronic New Beginnings Program (eNBP). This project advances the goal of making parent education programs widely accessible (e.g., Salem et al., 2013; Schramm & Becher, 2020) and is consistent with the Association of Family and Conciliation Court’s (AFCC) vision of developing a justice system in which all professionals work collaboratively through education, support, and access to services to achieve the best possible outcome for children and families. This is the first study to demonstrate that a web-based parenting program for separated/divorced parents significantly reduced children’s mental health problems. In addition to improving children’s mental health problems, the program improved two aspects of positive parenting, parent-child relationship quality and effective discipline, and reduced interparental conflict. Because the program effects on all outcomes occurred for both parent and child reports, confidence in the findings is increased.
Morphological awareness and its role in early word reading in English monolinguals, Spanish-English, and Chinese-English simultaneous bilinguals
Authors: Marks Rebecca A. , Labotka Danielle , Sun Xin , Nickerson Nia , Zhang Kehui , Eggleston Rachel L. , Yu Chi Lin , Hoeft Fumiko , Uchikoshi Yuuko , Kovelman Ioulia
Published: July 2021

Words’ morphemic structure and their orthographic representations vary across languages. How do bilingual experiences with structurally distinct languages influence children's morphological processes for word reading? Focusing on English literacy in monolinguals and bilinguals (N = 350, ages 5-9), we first revealed unique contributions of derivational (friend-li-est) and compound (girl-friend) morphology to early word reading. We then examined mechanisms of bilingual transfer in matched samples of Spanish-English and Chinese-English dual first language learners. Results revealed a principled cross-linguistic interaction between language group (Spanish vs. Chinese bilinguals) and type of morphological awareness. Specifically, bilinguals’ proficiency with the type of morphology that was less characteristic of their home language explained greater variance in their English literacy. These findings showcase the powerful effects of bilingualism on word reading processes in children who have similar reading proficiency but different language experiences, thereby advancing theoretical perspectives on literacy across diverse learners.
Facilitators and Barriers to Social Distancing for Young People living in Northern Ireland during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Berry Emma , Jenkins Chris , Allen Sarah
Published: July 2021

This qualitative study explores the facilitators of and barriers to social distancing for young people living in Northern Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative data was collected as part of a larger Qualtrics survey between July 28th 2020 and August 24th 2020. Eligible participants were young people living on the Island of Ireland, aged 16-25 years. The survey design was underpinned by the COM-B model of behaviour change. Semi-inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse comments collected via three free-text survey items. The COM-B model provided a thematic framework to organize subthemes extracted. A total of N=477 young people completed the survey, of which N=352 provided comments for at least one of three free-text survey items. The majority of respondents lived in Northern Ireland (96%), the average age was 21 years, and most respondents were female (73%) and were students (81%). Key barriers identified included Social Opportunity (other people not social distancing), Physical Opportunity (lack of environmental support for social distancing), and Automatic motivation (missing physical interaction from others). Key facilitators included Physical Opportunity (environmental cues and space to support social distancing), Reflective Motivation (awareness and understanding of risk of transmission), and Social Opportunity (observing others’ adhering to guidelines). These findings suggest that the actions of others, environmental supports, and perception of risk have an important role in influencing social distancing behaviour among young people. The COM-B factors identified in this study can inform the development of tailored interventions using models such as the Behaviour Change Wheel.
Sizing Up “Media Twitter”: Exploring Population Extent, Beats, and Utility of Social Media
Authors: Wihbey John , Joseph Kenneth , Reyes Daniela Rincon
Published: July 2021

This mixed-methods study explores which types of journalists are on social media and what forms of knowledge-related utility they find there for their practice. We leverage computational techniques to identify more than 166,000 journalist profiles, in English, on Twitter and to examine their beats, follower counts, and volume of activity. We pair this with findings from an original 2019 survey with policy-oriented journalists (N=450) who work on a variety of beats. Two-thirds of journalists believe social media tools help them frequently in their reporting work across many dimensions. Regression analysis finds significant associations with the technology and international affairs beats, as well as among younger journalists and those with a national audience. Our Twitter analysis, based on a dataset of 2.5 billion tweets collected in mid-2020, finds that the beats of politics, international affairs, and technology see the highest relative number of journalists on Twitter. The findings furnish a descriptive, quantitative picture of “Media Twitter” and speak to questions about social media’s place in journalism.
Occurrence of Extra Roots in Permanent Mandibular Molars: A Cone Beam Computed Topography Study
Authors: Chakradhar Anil , Nepal Manisha , Pradhan Siras , Acharya Nisha , Poudel Pratibha
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Permanent mandibular first and second molars may display extra roots namely radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris which may have implications in endodontic treatment outcome, if missed.

Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of extra roots in permanent mandibular first and second molars in a sample of Nepalese population.

Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was done at Dhulikhel hospital. Convenience sampling technique was utilised for data collection of 773 CBCT images. Images from June 2018 to June 2020 were retrospectively screened for presence of fully erupted bilateral mandibular first and second molars. Presence of extra roots were recorded and laterality, gender, and racial variations were analysed by Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square test using SPSS v.20.

Results: For mandibular first molars, out of 517 patients, 65 (11.38%) had radix entomolaris: 38 (13.2%) female and 27 (9.54%) male. Among 38 females; occurrence was 21 (7.3%) bilateral, 16 (5.56%) unilateral right and 1 (0.34%) unilateral left side. Likewise, among 27 males, the occurrence was 15 (5.3%) bilateral, 6 (2.1%) unilateral right and 6 (2.1%) unilateral left side. Regarding races, 50 (14.6%) were Mongoloids and 15 (6.6%) were Aryans. No radix paramolaris was found in mandibular first molars. For mandibular second molars, out of 623 patients, radix entomolaris and paramolaris were observed in 0.8% and 0.48% respectively.

Conclusion: The overall occurrence of radix entomolaris in mandibular first and second molars was found to be 11.38% and 0.8%, respectively. Practitioners should be aware of these unusual variations to avoid iatrogenic mishap due to missed canal.
Arcybiskup generał brygady Sawa (Sowietow) 1898–1951: duszpasterz, żołnierz, obywatel
Authors: Grzybowski Jerzy
Published: July 2021

The books presents the life of archbishop brygadier general Sawa (Sowietow). The author explores its successive stages: young years during the First World War, priesthood in the Second Polish Republic, wanderings during the Second World War, service in Polish Armed Forces in the West (as the chief military chaplain of the Orthodox Church), and religious service among Polish citizens abroad after the Yalta Conference.
Identification of the Appropriate Curing Method for Sri Lankan Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and Compare its Phytochemical Properties with an Indian Market Sample
Authors: Senanayake Chathuri , Munasinghe Anuradha , Liyanage Thushari
Published: July 2021

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is an underground rhizome that is an essential ingredient in day-to-day life. India is the major turmeric production and exportation country in the world. However, since December 2019, Sri Lanka has banned the importation of turmeric from other countries like India. Curing is a significant step during the processing of turmeric, which can be described as cooking fresh turmeric rhizomes before going to the drying step. Curing helps to avoid the raw odor, to reduce the drying time, to distribute the pigment product uniformly, and facilitate uniform drying. This study was conducted to identify the best protocol for turmeric processing and compare the quality of local turmeric samples prepared by using different processing steps such as, uncured and dried as slices, water boiled and dried as slices, steamed and dried as slices with imported turmeric from India. All the samples were separately analyzed for phytochemical properties (moisture content, volatile oil content, curcumin content, oleoresin content, etc.). Curcumin is an important attribute when considering the quality of turmeric. Curcumin content is varied with the curing step. The lowest curcumin content was shown by the uncured and sliced sample (2.86 ± 0.13 %). Steamed and dried as slices sample showed the highest curcumin content (4.51 ± 0.02 %). Curing and Slicing also decreased the drying time. However, water boiled and sliced sample (T-2) showed a high yield (wet to dry ratio 5.41:1), volatile oil content 4.40 ± 0.00 %, and oleoresin content 14.81 ± 2.36 %. According to the results, among the locally produced turmeric, steamed and dried as slices sample (T-3) showed good quality especially for curcumin content.
Fear as a Hindering Factor in the Second Language Classroom
Authors: Arivarasy M.
Published: July 2021

The attitude towards language learning is a critical factor in the ESL context. Attitude is characterized by a large proportion of emotional involvement such as feelings, and self-relationships in the community. The fear of language learning has a negative impact on a learner’s future learning encounters and affects future learning possibilities. The objective of this research paper is to focus on the impact of fear or anxiety in language learning, specifically related to speaking, reading and writing. Quantitative and qualitative methodology have been employed. Forty-six students from the Faculty of Science, and the teachers who were assigned to teach English for science students were selected for this study. Data was collected from classroom observation, a questionnaire and interviews. The study reveals that the fear of speech frequently occurred because of the unconducive environment and fear of negative evaluation. Fear of reading and writing are also to be observed due to the lack of technical skills among students and lack of practice. Fear is a vicious cyclic process. So the study recommends that teachers explore and provide suggestions on how to alleviate the fear that is embedded among students related to language skills.
PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR ROAD BIKE FRAME MENGGUNAKAN ALUMINIUM 6063 MELALUI PROSES OPTIMALISASI PERLAKUAN PANAS
Authors: Paksi Jaller Gilang Anarkhi , Putra Ilham Aditya Cristian Permana , Indriansyah Reinaldy
Published: July 2021

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan simulasi pada rangka sepeda menggunakan Solidworks 2017. Dilakukan pula peningkatan sifat mekanis material aluminium 6063 dengan menggunakan metode Precipitation Hardening. Pada proses Solution Treatment dengan temperatur 520℃ selama 50 menit, kemudian didinginkan menggunakan air dan dipanaskan kembali dengan proses Artificial Aging pada temperatur 155℃ dan 175℃ selama 8 jam. Hasil dari penelitian terjadi peningkatan sifat mekanis akibat penyebaran presipitasi Mg2Si semakin banyak dan merata setelah aluminium dilakukan proses Artificial Aging.  Pada proses Artificial Aging dengan temperatur 155℃ dihasilkan nilai tegangan tarik sebesar 199 MPa dan pada temperatur 175℃ dihasilkan sebesar 123 MPa. Hasil perancangan rangka sepeda menggunakan aluminium 6063-T6 didapati rangka sepeda aman dan layak digunankan dengan pembebanan maksimal sebesar 80 kg.
Financial instruments disclosure: Do audit committee and audit quality matter?
Authors: Zango Adamu Garba
Published: July 2021

This study was motivated by a dearth of empirical literature on the relationship between audit committee characteristics, audit quality and financial instruments disclosure of a developing country. From the Nigerian Stock Exchange, up to date records over the period of three years (that is, from 2016 to 2018) were sourced from the sample size of all the 20 commercial banks and selected 30 insurance companies. After considering the dual role of audit committee as monitors to shareholders wealth and advisors for transparent managerial action based on quality audit information, the empirical analysis which employs a generalised method of moment estimator (GMM) that account for endogeneity concerns (simultaneity, reverse causality and unobserved heterogeneity)indicate that, audit committee meeting frequency (log acm) and audit quality positively and significantly relates to financial instruments disclosure each at 5% level. This result indicates the incentivizing role of audit on the new regulation as it applies to financial institutions in Nigeria. Moreover, firm size (log fsize) is positively related to financial instruments disclosure at 5% level of significance. On the contrary, this study found no significant relationship existing amongst audit committee size and financial instruments disclosure and audit committee meeting frequency and financial instruments disclosure of financial institutions in Nigeria. The study’s implications in the Nigerian context have been discussed.
Central Precocious Puberty in Girls: Diagnosis, Management and Outcome
Authors: Jaruratanasirikul Somchit
Published: July 2021

Puberty is a normal physiological process of during which children develop secondary sex characteristics, experience growth acceleration, and achieve bone maturation and reproductive competence. The onset of puberty is initiated by the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Precocious puberty is defined as the appearance of secondary sex characteristic at an age younger than 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys, or the beginning of menstruation before 9 years in girls. The most common etiology of central precocious puberty (CPP) is idiopathic (>90.0% in girls and 25.0-60.0% in boys), in which at present the etiologies of idiopathic CPP in some patients can be identified to be from a mutation of KISS1 or MKRN3 genes. The standard treatment for CPP is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa). The aims of treatment are to halt and regress the pubertal status of the patient to the prepubertal state that is appropriate for their age, prevent early onset of menses and attenuate the loss of height potential consequence upon advanced skeletal maturation. A study of long-term follow-ups of former CPP women at the age of mid-20s to 50 years found that most of the participants had regular menstrual cycles. The marital status and the pregnancy rate were the same as in controlled group and were not different between the GnRHa-treated and untreated CPP women.