bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Continuous Intra-Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring Improves the Efficiency of Percutaneous Balloon Compression of the Trigeminal Ganglion for Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Zuo Yuchao , Song Dengpan , Hu Yan , Zhao Shengqi , Zhang Mingchu , Wang Meng , Guo Fuyou
Published: October 2022

Objective. The aim of the study is to explore the characteristics of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) changes in patients undergoing percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) for trigeminal neuralgia and analyze the factors that influence the formation of the symbolic pear shape of the balloon, which signifies successful compression. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) in 103 consecutive patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Fifty-five patients who underwent operations with intermittent inflating cuff blood pressure (IICBP) monitoring were classified into the IICBP group. The other 48 patients who underwent continuous intra-arterial blood pressure (CIABP) monitoring were classified into the CIABP group. Results. Among all the patients, there were more women than men and the patients in both the groups more commonly had TN on the right side and involving branch III. First, the balloon appeared as “pear-shaped” when the compression was effective, and the SBP increased an average of 59.04% in the CIABP group. CIABP provided us the precise range of the increase. Older patients had higher SBPs, especially patients with hypertension. Second, SBP was more sensitive and lasted much longer than HR in the process of puncturing the foramen ovale and compressing the ganglion. SBP fluctuated much more in the CIABP group than in the IICBP group. Third, the median time taken in the CIABP group was less than the IICBP group, and the prognosis of the CIABP group was better than the IICBP group. Conclusion. Effective ganglion compression significantly increased SBP. CIABP can monitor SBP in real time and can also safeguard the compression process. CIABP is a safe and effective method in the PBC process that is worthy of promotion and application.
A Brief Survey of the Graph Wavelet Frame
Authors: Zhou Jie , Zhang Zeze
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the research of wavelet frames on the graph has become a hot topic in harmonic analysis. In this paper, we mainly introduce the relevant knowledge of the wavelet frames on the graph, including relevant concepts, construction methods, and related theory. Meanwhile, because the construction of graph tight framelets is closely related to the classical wavelet framelets on ℝ, we give a new construction of tight frames on ℝ. Based on the pseudosplines of type II, we derive an MRA tight wavelet frame with three generators ψ1, ψ2, and ψ3 using the oblique extension principle (OEP), which generate a tight wavelet frame in L2(ℝ). We analyze that three wavelet functions have the highest possible order of vanishing moments, which matches the order of the approximation order of the framelet system provided by the refinable function. Moreover, we introduce the construction of the Haar basis for a chain and analyze the global orthogonal bases on a graph . Based on the sequence of framelet generators in L2(ℝ) and the Haar basis for a coarse‐grained chain, the decimated tight framelets on graphs can be constructed. Finally, we analyze the detailed construction process of the wavelet frame on a graph.
Mechanical Constitutive and Seepage Theoretical Model of Water Storage Media Based on Fractional Derivative
Authors: Wang Lujun , Wu Yang , Zhu Xiaoqian , Li Peng , Cao Zhiguo , Yang Huan
Published: October 2022

Using an abandoned underground goaf in coal mines as water reservoirs has been successfully applied for protecting mine water resources in western China. The water storage media are composed of broken rock masses and the voids between the rock masses. It is critical for reservoir capacity calculation that the deformation characteristics and seepage evolution of the water storage media under triaxial stress are theoretically described. In this study, broken rock masses and the space among the rock masses are simplified as two springs in a series. The mechanical behavior of the broken rock mass is described by Hooke’s law of linear elasticity, and the deformation characteristics of the space among the rock masses are represented by a nonlinear elastic constitutive model. The nonlinear stress-strain constitutive model of the water storage media is established by combining Hooke’s law and the fractional derivative stress-strain model. Similarly, a non-Darcy seepage model of the water storage media is obtained. The nonlinear stress-strain model is verified by mechanical experiments, physical simulation tests, and field measured data, and parameter sensitivity analysis is performed. The non-Darcy seepage equation is fitted and analyzed by using the seepage experimental data of the broken rock mass under triaxial compression conditions. The fractional non-Darcy model rather than the Forchheimer equation can more accurately describe the nonlinear seepage process in water storage media.
A Malware Detection Scheme via Smart Memory Forensics for Windows Devices
Authors: Naeem Muhammad Rashid , Khan Mansoor , Abdullah Ako Muhammad , Noor Fazal , Khan Muhammad Ijaz , Khan Muhammad Asghar , Ullah Insaf , Room Shah
Published: October 2022

With the introduction of 4G/5G Internet and the increase in the number of users, the malicious cyberattacks on computing devices have been increased making them vulnerable to external threats. High availability windows servers are designed to ensure delivery of consistent services such as business activities and e-services to their customers without any interruption. At the same time, a cyberattack on any of the clustered computer can put servers and customer devices in danger. A memory dump mechanism can capture the contents of memory in the event of a system or device crash such as corrupted files, damaged hardware, or irregular CPU power consumption. In this paper, we present a smart memory forensics scheme to recognize malicious attacks over high availability servers by capturing the memory dump of suspicious processes in the form of RGB visual images. Second, the local and global properties of malware images are captured using local binary patterns (LBP) and gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM). A state-of-the-art t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding scheme (t-SNE) is applied to reduce data dimensionality and improve the detection time of unknown malwares and their variants. An optimized CNN model is designed to predict malicious files harming servers or user devices. Throughout this study, we employed public data set of 4294 malicious samples covering malware variants and benign executables. A baseline is prepared to compare the performance of proposed model with state-of-the-art malware detection methods. The combined LBP + GLCM feature extraction along with t-SNE dimensionality reduction scheme further improved the detection accuracy by 98%, whereas the detection time is also increased by 73x. The overall performance shows that memory forensics is more effective for malware detection in terms accuracy and response time.
A Simple Benchmark to Evaluate the Influence Parameters of the Microstructure of the Masonry Wall on Capillary Water Migration Dynamic
Authors: Nde Ngnihamye Martial , Kenmogne Fabien , Abanda André , Mbessa Michel , Gnappoun Jean-De-La-Croix , Fokwa Didier
Published: October 2022

The effects of masonry wall parameters on the water’s migration are deeply explored via the experimental laboratory simulation method. At this end, an experimental device consisting of a water tank in which a masonry block wall has a contact of around one centimeter with the water at its base is designed. The variation of the compactness of masonry blocks is obtained by compacting the concrete blocks with a hydraulic block press. The investigations consist of the monitoring of moisture front and moisture rate as a function of porosity, obtained by varying the compactness of the masonry wall, and the granular class of sand constituting the masonry. The determination of the granular sand classes was made from the NF P 18‐101 standard. Three granular classes of sand were obtained using sand from the Logbadjeck quarry: 0/0.315 mm, 0.63/1.25 mm, and 2.5/5 mm. The obtained results show that the device is a good tool for the experimental analysis of the behavior of different masonry walls under water migration, which are in agreement with existing models in the literature.
Research on Competition and Cooperation Relationship of TV-Drama Production Company Based on Social Network
Authors: Zhao Zhongren , Song Peiyi , Xu Yan
Published: October 2022

The social network is affecting the connection of TV-drama production companies, and traditional partnerships are changing. Many companies are moving from traditional connections to gridded social networks. The changing relational network makes the relationship between TV-drama production companies change from linear and static to network and dynamic, and from the original cooperation based on “Contract” to the node-type cooperation of “Switch.” Through empirical study, the paper found that the social network relationship in the TV series production industry has become an essential social capital because the construction of social networks will effectively promote the development of the industry under the new competition and make TV-drama industry production chain, creative resources, and value derived channel, resource boundary and cooperation mechanism, and market competition pattern change. Ultimately, it will reshape the subject cognition, path cognition, and power cognition in the relationship network.
Obesity Programs Macrophages to Support Cancer Progression
Authors: Singh Abhijeet , Mayengbam Shyamananda Singh , Yaduvanshi Himanshi , Wani Mohan R. , Bhat Manoj Kumar
Published: October 2022

Obesity induces multifactorial effects such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and arterial hypertension that influence the progression of many diseases. Obesity is associated with an increased incidence of cancers, and multiple mechanisms link obesity with cancer initiation and progression. Macrophages participate in the homeostasis of adipose tissue and play an important role in cancer. Adipose tissue expansion in obesity alters the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages, which is a primary cause of inflammation. Chronic low-grade inflammation driven by macrophages is also an important characteristic of cancer. Adipocytes secrete various adipokines, including adiponectin, leptin, IL6, and TNFα, that influence macrophage behavior and tumor progression. Furthermore, other metabolic effects of obesity, such as hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypercholesterolemia, can also regulate macrophage functionality in cancer. This review summarizes how obesity influences macrophage–tumor cell interactions and the role of macrophages in the response to anticancer therapies under obese conditions.
A Phase I/II Trial of Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Children and Young Adults with Relapsed/Refractory Solid Tumors: A Children's Oncology Group Study ADVL1412
Authors: Davis Kara L. , Fox Elizabeth , Isikwei Emasenyie , Reid Joel M. , Liu Xiaowei , Minard Charles G. , Voss Stephan , Berg Stacey L. , Weigel Brenda J. , Mackall Crystal L.
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

In many cancers, nivolumab in combination with ipilimumab improves response rates compared with either agent alone, but the combination has not been evaluated in childhood cancer. We conducted a phase I/II trial of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in children and young adults with recurrent/refractory solid tumors.

Patients and Methods:

ADVL1412, Part C assessed safety of nivolumab plus ipilimumab at two dose levels (DL): DL1 1 mg/kg of each drug and DL2 3 mg/kg nivolumab plus 1 mg/kg ipilimumab. Part D evaluated response at the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) in Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and osteosarcoma. Part E tested DL3 (1 mg/kg nivolumab plus 3 mg/kg ipilimumab) in Ewing sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. Tumor response was measured using RECIST v1.1. Pharmacokinetics and PD-L1 expression on archival tissues were assessed.

Results:

Fifty-five eligible patients enrolled. Based on safety, tolerability, and similar drug exposure to the same doses administered in adults, DL2 was defined as the pediatric RP2D. Among 41 patients treated at the RP2D, 2 patients experienced dose-limiting toxicities during cycle 1, and 4 patients experienced toxicities beyond that period. Two patients had clinically significant sustained partial responses (1 rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 Ewing sarcoma) and 4 had stable disease. Among 8 patients treated at DL3, 3 dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) occurred, all immune-related adverse events; no objective responses were observed.

Conclusions:

The RP2D of nivolumab (3 mg/kg) plus ipilimumab (1 mg/kg) is well tolerated in children and young adults with solid tumors and shows some clinical activity. Increased dose of ipilimumab (3 mg/kg) plus nivolumab (1 mg/kg) was associated with increased toxicity without clinical benefit.
A (Controlled) Spill of IL2 for Localized Treatment of Mesothelioma
Authors: Palanki Rohan , Swingle Kelsey L. , Mitchell Michael J.
Published: October 2022

A microencapsulated, cell-based IL2 cytokine factory was recently developed, and the safety and efficacy of this platform in a mouse model of mesothelioma were demonstrated. This platform has the potential to overcome current challenges in the delivery of therapeutic cytokines for cancer immunotherapy.

See related article by Nash et al., p. 5121
Computational Modeling of TP63–TP53 Interaction and Rational Design of Inhibitors: Implications for Therapeutics
Authors: Ozdemir E. Sila , Gomes Michelle M. , Fischer Jared M.
Published: October 2022

Tumor protein p63 (TP63) is a member of the TP53 protein family that are important for development and in tumor suppression. Unlike TP53, TP63 is rarely mutated in cancer, but instead different TP63 isoforms regulate its activity. TA isoforms (TAp63) act as tumor suppressors, whereas ΔN isoforms are strong drivers of squamous or squamous-like cancers. Many of these tumors become addicted to ΔN isoforms and removal of ΔN isoforms result in cancer cell death. Furthermore, some TP53 conformational mutants (TP53CM) gain the ability to interact with TAp63 isoforms and inhibit their antitumorigenic function, while indirectly promoting tumorigenic function of ΔN isoforms, but the exact mechanism of TP63–TP53CM interaction is unclear. The changes in the balance of TP63 isoform activity are crucial to understanding the transition between normal and tumor cells. Here, we modeled TP63–TP53CM complex using computational approaches. We then used our models to design peptides to disrupt the TP63–TP53CM interaction and restore antitumorigenic TAp63 function. In addition, we studied ΔN isoform oligomerization and designed peptides to inhibit its oligomerization and reduce their tumorigenic activity. We show that some of our peptides promoted cell death in a TP63 highly expressed cancer cell line, but not in a TP63 lowly expressed cancer cell line. Furthermore, we performed kinetic–binding assays to validate binding of our peptides to their targets. Our computational and experimental analyses present a detailed model for the TP63–TP53CM interaction and provide a framework for potential therapeutic peptides for the elimination of TP53CM cancer cells.
Inhibition of NF-κB DNA Binding Suppresses Myeloma Growth via Intracellular Redox and Tumor Microenvironment Modulation
Authors: Bariana Manpreet , Cassella Elena , Rateshwar Janice , Ouk Samedy , Liou Hsiou-Chi , Heller Claudia , Colorado Iriana , Feinman Rena , Makhdoom Ali , Siegel David S. , Heller Glenn , Tuckett Andrea , Mondello Patrizia , Zakrzewski Johannes L.
Published: October 2022

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy that is still largely incurable, despite considerable progress in recent years. NF-κB is a well-established therapeutic target in multiple myeloma, but none of the currently available treatment options offer direct, specific pharmacologic targeting of NF-κB transcriptional activity. Thus, we designed a novel direct NF-κB inhibitor (IT848) as a drug candidate with strong potential for clinical translation and conducted comprehensive in vitro and in vivo mechanistic studies in multiple myeloma cell lines, primary multiple myeloma cells, xenograft models, and immunocompetent mouse models of multiple myeloma. Here, we show that IT848 inhibits NF-κB activity through inhibition of DNA binding of all five NF-κB subunits. IT848 treatment of multiple myeloma cell lines and patient samples inhibited proliferation and induced caspase-dependent and independent apoptosis. In addition to direct NF-κB inhibitory effects, IT848 treatment altered the redox homeostasis of multiple myeloma cells through depletion of the reduced glutathione pool, selectively inducing oxidative stress in multiple myeloma but not in healthy cells. Multiple myeloma xenograft studies confirmed the efficacy of IT848 as single agent and in combination with bortezomib. Furthermore, IT848 significantly improved survival when combined with programmed death protein 1 inhibition, and correlative immune studies revealed that this clinical benefit was associated with suppression of regulatory T-cell infiltration of the bone marrow microenvironment. In conclusion, IT848 is a potent direct NF-κB inhibitor and inducer of oxidative stress specifically in tumor cells, displaying significant activity against multiple myeloma cells in vitro and in vivo, both as monotherapy as well as in combination with bortezomib or immune checkpoint blockade.
Immunophenotypic Differences in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Peripheral Blood Demonstrating Cancer Heterogenicity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient
Authors: Edirisuriya Chelsea , Jeurkar Chetan , Nazir Bushra , Belovsky Mia , Kasner Margaret
Published: October 2022

A diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia involving the central nervous system (CNS) can be confirmed through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum flow cytometry. These two detection methods should demonstrate the same immunophenotype due to hematogenous dissemination. Here, we reported a 65-year-old male diagnosed with CNS leukemia with differing immunophenotypes between CSF and peripheral blood. This immunophenotypic shift may suggest leukemic migration within the blood-brain barrier. In addition, the case highlights the concept of leukemic heterogeneity and the importance of considering cancer heterogeneity when analyzing a tumor’s genetic profile and selecting therapy for patients.
Haematogenous Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infection Caused by Salmonella May Be Paucisymptomatic: A Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Pozzi Lara , Dommann-Scherrer Corina , Meier Christoph , Wahl Peter
Published: October 2022

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) with Salmonella is rare. We therefore describe two cases of PJI with Salmonella spp. Case one is a 79-year-old female that presented with fever and acute left hip pain 16 months after revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed due to instability. Case two is a 82-year-old male after revision THA due to periprosthetic pseudotumor 22 years after THA. Microbiological work up of intra-operatively obtained specimen showed growth of Salmonella spp. In both patients, implant-retaining treatment was successful. Patients with PJI with Salmonella may be oligosymptomatic, potentially delaying the diagnosis. Successful implant-retraining treatment is possible.
Argumentation in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bubikova-Moan Jarmila , Sandvik Margareth
Published: October 2022

While scientific evidence on argumentation among preschool children is on the rise, it is dispersed over a number of different fields, which may obfuscate its visibility, merit, and potential. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the existing research and, as such, shed more concerted theoretical and empirical light on the origins as well as early development of the human capacity to argue. Based on 57 included studies, we show that it has been approached from numerous theoretical perspectives, with the dialogic view of argumentation and a productive eclecticism between argumentation, developmental, learning, and linguistic theories as the main theoretical denominators. The review also documents that young children’s argumentation displays a range of structural-discursive, socio-interactional, and developmental features, positioning them as argumentative agents in their own right. We discuss the implications of our findings in terms of further theory building and their practical significance.
Plasma Cell-Free DNA Predicts Survival and Maps Specific Sources of Injury in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Brusca Samuel B. , Elinoff Jason M. , Zou Yvette , Jang Moon Kyoo , Kong Hyesik , Demirkale Cumhur Y. , Sun Junfeng , Seifuddin Fayaz , Pirooznia Mehdi , Valantine Hannah A. , Tanba Carl , Chaturvedi Abhishek , Graninger Grace M. , Harper Bonnie , Chen Li-Yuan , Cole Justine , Kanwar Manreet , Benza Raymond L. , Preston Ioana R. , Agbor-Enoh Sean , Solomon Michael A.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a noninvasive marker of cellular injury. Its significance in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is unknown.

Methods:

Plasma cfDNA was measured in 2 PAH cohorts (A, n=48; B, n=161) and controls (n=48). Data were collected for REVEAL 2.0 (Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-Term PAH Disease Management) scores and outcome determinations. Patients were divided into the following REVEAL risk groups: low (≤6), medium (7–8), and high (≥9). Total cfDNA concentrations were compared among controls and PAH risk groups by 1-way analysis of variance. Log-rank tests compared survival between cfDNA tertiles and REVEAL risk groups. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were estimated from logistic regression models. A sample subset from cohort B (n=96) and controls (n=16) underwent bisulfite sequencing followed by a deconvolution algorithm to map cell-specific cfDNA methylation patterns, with concentrations compared using
t
tests.

Results:

In cohort A, median (interquartile range) age was 62 years (47–71), with 75% female, and median (interquartile range) REVEAL 2.0 was 6 (4–9). In cohort B, median (interquartile range) age was 59 years (49–71), with 69% female, and median (interquartile range) REVEAL 2.0 was 7 (6–9). In both cohorts, cfDNA concentrations differed among patients with PAH of varying REVEAL risk and controls (analysis of variance
P
≤0.002) and were greater in the high-risk compared with the low-risk category (
P
≤0.002). In cohort B, death or lung transplant occurred in 14 of 54, 23 of 53, and 35 of 54 patients in the lowest, middle, and highest cfDNA tertiles, respectively. cfDNA levels stratified as tertiles (log-rank:
P
=0.0001) and REVEAL risk groups (log-rank:
P
<0.0001) each predicted transplant-free survival. The addition of cfDNA to REVEAL improved discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.72–0.78;
P
=0.02). Compared with controls, methylation analysis in patients with PAH revealed increased cfDNA originating from erythrocyte progenitors, neutrophils, monocytes, adipocytes, natural killer cells, vascular endothelium, and cardiac myocytes (Bonferroni adjusted
P
<0.05). cfDNA concentrations derived from erythrocyte progenitor cells, cardiac myocytes, and vascular endothelium were greater in patients with PAH with high-risk versus low-risk REVEAL scores (
P
≤0.02).

Conclusions:

Circulating cfDNA is elevated in patients with PAH, correlates with disease severity, and predicts worse survival. Results from cfDNA methylation analyses in patients with PAH are consistent with prevailing paradigms of disease pathogenesis.
Effects of Empagliflozin in Women and Men With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Butler Javed , Filippatos Gerasimos , Siddiqi Tariq Jamal , Ferreira João Pedro , Brueckmann Martina , Bocchi Edimar , Böhm Michael , Chopra Vijay K. , Giannetti Nadia , Iwata Tomoko , Januzzi James L. , Kaul Sanjay , Piña Ileana L. , Ponikowski Piotr , Rauch-Kröhnert Ursula , Shah Sanjiv J. , Senni Michele , Sumin Mikhail , Verma Subodh , Zhang Jian , Pocock Stuart J. , Zannad Faiez , Packer Milton , Anker Stefan D.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Women and men with heart failure (HF) and preserved ejection fraction may differ in their clinical characteristics and their response to therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sex on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction enrolled in the EMPEROR-Preserved trial (Empagliflozin Outcome Trial in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction).

Methods:

The effects of empagliflozin on the primary outcome of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for HF and on secondary outcomes (including total HF hospitalization, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores) were compared in women and men in the overall cohort and in subgroups defined by left ventricular ejection fraction (41%–49%, 50%–59%, and ≥60%). The effects of empagliflozin on physiological measures, including changes in systolic blood pressure, uric acid, hemoglobin, body weight, and natriuretic peptide levels, were also assessed.

Results:

Of the 5988 patients randomized, 2676 (44.7%) were women. In the placebo arm, women tended to have lower risk for adverse outcomes, including a lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.56, 0.84]). Compared with placebo, empagliflozin reduced the risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for HF to a similar degree in both sexes (hazard ratio, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.69, 0.96] for men; and hazard ratio, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.61, 0.92] for women;
P
interaction
=0.54). Sex did not modify the relationship between empagliflozin and outcomes across ejection fraction groups. Similar results were seen for secondary outcomes and physiological measures. Compared with placebo, empagliflozin improved the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score to a similar extent in both sexes (1.38 for men versus 1.63 for women at 52 weeks;
P
interaction
=0.77); the results were similar for Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary score and total summary score.

Conclusions:

Empagliflozin produced similar benefits on outcomes and health status in women and men with HF and preserved ejection fraction.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03057951.
Association of Lesion Location and Depressive Symptoms Poststroke
Authors: Klingbeil Julian , Brandt Max-Lennart , Wawrzyniak Max , Stockert Anika , Schneider Hans R. , Baum Petra , Hoffmann Karl-Titus , Saur Dorothee
Published: October 2022

Background:

Depressive symptoms are a common stroke sequela, yet their neurobiological substrates are still unclear. We sought to determine if they are associated with specific lesion locations.

Methods:

In a prospective observational study, 270 patients with stroke were tested twice with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale around day 6 and again 6 months poststroke and voxel-based lesion behavior mapping was performed.

Results:

Frequency of depressive symptoms (depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale >7) after 6 months was 19.6 %. Higher Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores for depression around day 6 were the only variable associated with depressive symptoms after 6 months in a multiple logistic regression. Lesions in the right putamen were significantly associated with depressive symptoms after 6 months in the voxel-based lesion behavior mapping.

Conclusions:

Lesions in the right basal ganglia might increase the risk of depressive symptoms 6 months poststroke.
Spatial Relation Between White Matter Hyperintensities and Incident Lacunes of Presumed Vascular Origin: A 14-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Yi Fang , Cai Mengfei , Jacob Mina A. , Marques José , Norris David G. , Duering Marco , Tuladhar Anil M. , de Leeuw Frank-Erik
Published: October 2022

Background:

The underlying mechanisms of incident lacunes regarding their spatial distribution remain largely unknown. We investigated the spatial distribution pattern and MRI predictors of incident lacunes in relation to white matter hyperintensity (WMH) over 14 years follow-up in sporadic small vessel disease.

Methods:

Five hundred three participants from the ongoing prospective single-center Radboud University Nijmegen Diffusion Tensor and Magnetic resonance Cohort (RUN DMC) were recruited with baseline assessment in 2006 and follow ups in 2011, 2015, and 2020. Three hundred eighty-two participants who underwent at least 2 available brain MRI scans were included. Incident lacunes were systematically identified, and the spatial relationship between incident lacunes located in subcortical white matter and WMH were determined using a visual rating scale. Adjusted multiple logistic regression and linear mixed-effect regression models were used to assess the association between baseline small vessel disease markers, WMH progression, and incident lacunes. Participants with atrial fibrillation were excluded in multivariable analysis.

Results:

Eighty incident lacunes were identified in 43 patients (mean age 66.5±8.2 years, 37.2% women) during a mean follow-up time of 11.2±3.3 years (incidence rate 10.0/1000 person-year). Sixty percent of incident lacunes were in the white matter, of which 48.9% showed no contact with preexisting WMH. Baseline WMH volume (odds ratio=2.5 [95% CI, 1.6–4.2]) predicted incident lacunes after adjustment for age, sex, and vascular risk factors. WMH progression was associated with incident lacunes independent of age, sex, baseline WMH volume, and vascular risk factors (odds ratio, 3.2 [95% CI, 1.5–6.9]). Baseline WMH volume and progression rate were higher in participants with incident lacunes in contact with preexisting WMH. No difference in vascular risk factors was observed regarding location or relation with preexisting WMH.

Conclusions:

The 2 different distribution patterns of lacunes regarding their relation to WMH may suggest distinct underlying mechanisms, one of which may be more closely linked to a similar pathophysiology as that of WMH. The longitudinal relation between WMH and lacunes further supports plausible shared mechanisms between the 2 key markers.
First records of Tumerozetidae and Nodocepheidae from Australia, with descriptions of new taxa and a re-assessment of the Polypterozetoidea (Oribatida, Brachypylina)
Authors: COLLOFF MATTHEW J.
Published: October 2022

New species and a new genus of polypterozetoid oribatid mite are described from wet habitats in forests in south-eastern Australia: Tumerozetes roughleyi sp. nov. (Tumerozetidae), Nodocepheus luxtoni sp. nov. and Sacculella yarra gen. et sp. nov. (Nodocepheidae). The superfamily Polypterozetoidea has not been recorded previously from Australia. Tumerozetes roughleyi sp. nov. and Sacculella yarra gen. et sp. nov. were recorded from temperate Nothofagus cunninghami rainforest in central Victoria. Nodocepheus luxtoni sp. nov. was recorded from temperate rainforest in Tasmania and eastern Victoria. Tumerozetes was known previously only from New Zealand, and Nodocepheus from New Zealand, southern Africa and south-central America. The definitions of Tumerozetidae and Nodocepheidae are revised in the light of observations on the morphology of these new species, and their phylogenetic and biogeographical affinities with other members of the Polypterozetoidea are considered.
Augustine’s Biblical Hermeneutics: Its Three Characteristics and Significance for Today
Authors: Kim Hyoseok
Published: October 2022

In focusing mainly on Augustine’s De Doctrina Christiana, this paper discusses three major characteristics of his hermeneutics. First, he understands the Scriptures as signs that point to the transcendent reality of God. This understanding of the Scriptures anticipates today’s reader response theories and the hermeneutical concept, the ‘surplus of meaning’. It also rules out biblicism, by reminding us that the role of Scripture is provisional and instrumental. Second, Augustine’s hermeneutics has existential and moral tendencies. He emphasizes the essential connection between interpretation of Scripture and the interior attitude and moral quality of the interpreter. In this regard, Augustine’s hermeneutics anticipates and has influenced contemporary hermeneutical theory according to which a life-relation to the subject matter is essential to understanding. Third and finally, the rule of charity and the rule of faith are the most important criteria in Augustine’s hermeneutics. Such an emphasis on the rule of charity and the rule of faith is consonant with contemporary hermeneutics, which underscores that understanding takes place in a particular tradition.
The Hidden Prophet Bursting Forth: John the Baptist’s Appearing According to Luke
Authors: Wenkel David H.
Published: October 2022

This study offers a fresh reading of John the Baptist’s infancy and childhood narratives in the Gospel of Luke. It argues that Luke utilizes the motif of “hiddenness” to create tension so that John bursts forth into his public ministry in Israel from a place of obscurity. John suddenly appears in public to prepare the way for the messiah. This reading offers for a unifying concept of “concealing-then-revealing” which provides an explanatory lens for several opaque textual units in Luke’s Gospel.
Resisting the Mafia's oppression through children's literature
Authors: Poggioli-Kaftan Giordana
Published: October 2022

Attraverso l’analisi di quattro libri per l’infanzia ed adolescenza sulla mafia ed antimafia, questo articolo mette in risalto sia le funzioni narrative di tali racconti che quelle più propriamente sociali e culturali. Per l’analisi delle funzioni narrative, l’articolo si serve delle teorie strutturali di Vladimir Propp – soprattutto quelle relative alla persona drammatica dell’eroe e del “cattivo” – come delle teorie della narrazione del trauma. Queste ultime sono particolarmente favorevoli all’interpretazione degli orrori e tragedie causate dalla mafia nelle vite dei protagonisti. È proprio attraverso l’analisi delle funzioni narrative e letterarie che i racconti assumono il valore di testimonianze di una società che vuole cambiare sposando quei valori della legalità che possono creare una controcultura a quella mafiosa.
Translation and colonial landscapes: Ethiopia in A Time to Kill by Ennio Flaiano
Authors: Tomei Renato
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the (un)translatability of landscape at the time of the fascist invasion of Ethiopia (1935) as narrated in Ennio Flaiano's A Time to Kill which was published soon after the end of the Second World War (1947). It examines the translations into French and English which were issued soon afterwards (1950) and the film adaptation of the novel (1989). It aims to analyse the causes for the limited international recognition the work received, notwithstanding the stature of the author as both a screenwriter (i.e., Fellini's La Dolce Vita) and playwright. The thematic frame is that of the resistance of a timeless space against colonial penetration. The protagonist's perception of the landscape is punctuated by disorientation, distorted vision and erroneous topography. Cultural remoteness and linguistic distance are enacted on different levels: the intratextual level in the narration; the interlinguistic level in the translation proper; the intersemiotic transposition on the screen; and the subsequent dubbing and subtitling. Likewise, the indefiniteness of spatial perception and shifting viewpoints in the novel weave through metaphors, self-questioning by the narrator, challenging translation and film adaptation. The voice-over effect is not activated, thus diluting climax, as the story is a first-person narrative. Moreover, due to the Derg regime, the film could not be shot in Ethiopia, which ruled out any recognition of the geographic, religious and cultural identity of the country.
Organisational Investment: The Case of ASML—Can the Product Make the Producer?
Authors: Tung An-Chi , Wan Henry
Published: October 2022

This study showcases the specific inspiration from Professor Kemp by focusing on one particular firm—ASML, a Dutch lithography company. It has become the only producer to launch a group of products, the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) systems for advanced integrated circuits (ICs). Such success is relatively new and is due to a single, unprecedented multi-year programme, Customer Co-investment Program CCIP), since 2012. This programme accelerated ASML’s development of EUV, which has marginalised the other two rivals and former market leaders, Nikon and Canon, that they can only compete in the less advanced DUV and i-line systems. The article explores a number of interrelated aspects about the selected case. It discusses how economic theories offer tools into the crux of the matter. It then reviews technical and historical facts to facilitate further understanding. Next, the article considers two main issues: Is the ASML’s claim that CCIP is necessary based on the financing requirement linked to the new technology true? And is the outcome good? The first question is analysed by four inter-related levels of information asymmetry, and the second is discussed at a broader level. Finally, the article explains how Kemp and Shimomura inspires the analysis here of the illustrative case of ASML.

JEL Codes: D22, D23, D82, L22, L63
Interpersonal and structural healthcare barriers among transgender women: Healthcare curriculum needs
Authors: Calleros Laura , Emetu Roberta E , Missari Stacy
Published: October 2022

Objective:

Transgender women encounter various barriers to healthcare access and use. Together, these contribute to under-utilisation, delay or avoidance of the healthcare system. This in-depth qualitative phenomenological study aimed to explore perceptions, interactions and experiences with medical and healthcare systems, and identify suggestions for improving healthcare access and utilisation among transgender women.

Design/Setting:

Fifteen ( N = 15) transgender women in Los Angeles County participated in semi-structured telephone interviews.

Method:

Participants were recruited through emails sent to LGBTQ+ serving institutions, health centres and college campuses. The interview guide covered demographic information, experiences within medical and healthcare setting, interactions and perceptions within clinical settings, and concerns about barriers to healthcare access and utilisation.

Results:

Healthcare experiences were shaped by interpersonal and structural factors. Four themes were identified: (1) lack of trained and knowledgeable healthcare providers, (2) limitations in healthcare access such as cost and hormone replacement therapy access, (3) implicit bias regarding being misgendered and stereotyped, and (4) explicit bias such as denial of services, inability adding preferred personal information to medical health records, and various aspects of discrimination.

Conclusion:

Access to knowledgeable healthcare providers was cited as a priority area needing the most attention. Curricula and modules that address social, medical and clinical issues specific to transgender women were suggested for use in the training and continuing education of healthcare professionals. In addition to needs related to patient–provider contact, this paper highlights the broader regulatory and political changes needed to improve the health of transgender women.
Adherence to WHO Criteria on Drug Promotion Literature: An Exploratory Study From a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Fadare Joseph O. , Bankole Iyanu , Babatola Adefunke , Simeon Olatunya Oladele , Aina Felix , Godman Brian
Published: October 2022

Introduction: In many low and middle-income countries (LMIC), drug promotional literature (DPL) remains one of the main sources of drug information for physicians. Studies conducted in many LMICs showed poor compliance to the WHO guidelines for ethical drug promotion especially in the area of information about excipients, adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions and contra-indications. These inadequacies in the information provided may mislead the prescriber with potential adverse consequences among patients using the medicines. Nigeria has a big pharmaceutical sector which is poorly regulated and we hypothesize that such unethical drug promotional practices may exist. This study therefore set out to assess compliance to the WHO ethical drug promotion (using DPL) at the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital (EKSUTH), Ado-Ekiti, South-West Nigeria. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in several specialist clinics of EKSUTH, Ado-Ekiti. Printed DPLs (brochures and leaflets) were collected from these clinics, collated using a pre-designed data collection form and analyzed using the WHO ethical criteria for medicinal drug promotion. Results:Two hundred seventy-five DPLs were screened A total of out of which 234 DPLs were selected after screening to after removal of duplications. Only 5 (2.1%) DPLs met all the WHO criteria. DPLs promoting antibiotics, cardiovascular drugs, and vitamins/nutritional supplements were in the majority (22.2%, 17.1%, and 11.5% respectively. Most of the DPLs had the generic (223; 95.3%) and brand (234; 100%) names, active ingredients (209; 89.3%), excipients (149; 63.7%), and indications (232; 99.1%). Information about adverse drug reactions (76; 32.5%), contra-indications (73; 31.2%), and drug interactions (46; 19.7%) was less represented. Only 59 (25.2%) DPLs had references. Fixed-dose combination drugs made up 34.6% of drugs being promoted. Conclusion:The DPLs assessed in this study had low adherence to WHO ethical drug promotion criteria especially those related to adverse drug reaction, drug interactions, and contra-indications.
Development of coating removal From carbon fiber reinforced plastic skin surfaces by abrasive jet machining
Authors: Zhao Yangyang , Du Xingzhu , Yuan Zhixiang , Sun Yuli , Zuo Dunwen , Lu Wenzhuang
Published: October 2022

Removing localized damage coatings on new-generation fighters’ carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) skin surfaces has become a research hotspot. A practical method for removing the CFRP skin coating without damaging the substrate was proposed in this study. Modeling was used to examine the particle velocity and contact force of a single abrasive and the erosion depth, width, and material removal rate of the coating. The eroded surface morphology, roughness and erosion depth of different processes were obtained by the Taguchi method. The results show that plastic abrasive jet machining (PAJM) can remove coatings layer by layer without damaging the substrate. A jet pressure of 0.35 MPa is recommended as a critical jet pressure to avoid damaging the fibers. This procedure offers more advantages than traditional removal methods (chemical stripping or manual sanding). A theoretical reference for coating removal on CFRP skin surfaces is provided in this paper.
Job quality and automation: Do more automatable occupations have less job satisfaction and health?
Authors: Liu Larry
Published: October 2022

Social scientists have made predictions about the automation of jobs, as well as the negative consequences that technology has on job quality, but not how these phenomena are connected. Are occupations with a higher susceptibility of automation associated with lower job quality? This study involves an empirical examination of automation-related measures from Frey and Osborne and applies them to job quality variables (job satisfaction and self-rated health) drawn from the US General Social Survey (GSS), Quality of Working Life and Work Orientation Panel from five different waves (2002 to 2018 every 4 years; N = 7240). The finding is that highly automatable occupations have lower level of job satisfaction and health and, hence, less job quality. This has implications on the future of work, which could be but not necessarily characterised by fewer bad quality jobs.
A View From the Inside: Ensemble Directors’ Perspectives on Standards-Based Instruction
Authors: Harney Kristin , Greene Jennifer L. R. , Katz-Cote Heather , Mulcahy Krista , Stanley Laura Moates
Published: October 2022

In this mixed-methods study, we explored perspectives of ensemble directors ( N = 306) regarding standards-based instruction and circumstances impacting standards-based instruction in the areas of creating, performing, responding, and connecting. Our research was modeled on Byo’s (1999) examination of teacher perceptions of the implementation of the 1994 music standards. We conducted an initial survey and completed follow-up interviews. Every participant indicated familiarity with the National Core Arts Standards, with many reporting that they regularly addressed standards in their teaching. The anchor standards related to performing were most commonly incorporated, whereas those related to creating and connecting were the least commonly addressed. Teachers shared strategies that promoted standards-based instruction and described barriers that prevented them from fully incorporating standards-based instruction. There is a need for ongoing professional development for in-service teachers, dedicated planning time, and realistic expectations related to the creating, responding, and connecting standards in performing ensembles.
Learning from hospital deaths
Authors: Bhattacharya Sayan , Makin Matthew
Published: October 2022

Current guidelines and regulations require trusts to take full responsibility for deaths within their premises. Higher than expected deaths indicate poor standards of care or negligence. NHS Trusts need to put systems in place to ensure that they learn and extrapolate risk factors through in-depth review of care provided to patients prior to their deaths, curb and ultimately diminish relative mortality through improved practices, and improve care and safety for the whole organisation. Mortality reviews can provide insight into the standard of care that dying patients receive; this matters as NHS Hospitals are the main providers of terminal care, nationally.
Effects of Music Listening on Postural Balance in Adolescents with Visual Impairment
Authors: Maatoug Hana , Baccouch Rym , Borji Rihab , Rebai Haithem , Sahli Sonia
Published: October 2022

We aimed to investigate the effect of music on visually impaired adolescents’ postural balance across different somatosensory and vestibular input conditions. We recruited 19 adolescent participants (9 males, 10 females) with severe congenital visual impairment. We recorded their mean center of pressure velocity (CoPVm) during static upright bipedal standing under somatosensory (firm and foam surfaces) and vestibular (head facing forward (HFF), head rotated 90° to the right (HRR), and head rotated 90° to the left (HRL)) perturbations in three auditory conditions (no-music, listening to Jupiter, and listening to their preferred music). We found that CoPVm decreased significantly when listening to both Jupiter and preferred music, compared to the no-music condition on both firm ( p < .05) and foam ( p < .001) surfaces and with the HFF ( p < .05), rotated to the right ( p < .001) or rotated to the left ( p < .001). Moreover, CoPVm values increased significantly with somatosensory manipulation ( p < .001) in all the auditory conditions and with vestibular manipulation ( p < .01) only in the no-music condition. We concluded that listening to both Jupiter and preferred music improved postural balance in visually impaired adolescents, even in challenged postural conditions.