bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KURIKULUM UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI SMA: TELAAH KONSEPTUAL DAN IMPLEMENTASI
Authors: Farhan Ali , Yayan Nurbayan  , Mad Ali
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi konsep dan implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka, khususnya dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di tingkat SMA. Kurikulum Merdeka, diperkenalkan pada 2019, menekankan pembelajaran humanistik dan inovatif melalui pendekatan terdiferensiasi, berbasis proyek, dan penilaian holistik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan pendekatan kualitatif berdasarkan analisis 34 sumber referensi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Kurikulum Merdeka memberikan fleksibilitas kepada guru dalam memilih metode dan materi ajar, sekaligus mendorong siswa untuk belajar aktif dan mandiri.  Kurikulum ini mencakup pembelajaran intrakurikuler, kokurikuler, dan ekstrakurikuler yang berorientasi pada pengembangan karakter dan keterampilan abad ke-21, seperti berpikir kritis, kreativitas, dan literasi digital. Namun, implementasinya menghadapi berbagai kendala, termasuk kurangnya pemahaman guru, keterbatasan sumber daya, serta hambatan administratif. Dalam konteks pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, tantangan utama mencakup keterbatasan materi ajar inovatif dan pelatihan guru.  Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pelatihan intensif bagi guru, peningkatan akses teknologi, dan pengembangan sumber daya pembelajaran sebagai langkah strategis untuk mendukung implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka. Dengan mengatasi hambatan ini, kurikulum memiliki potensi besar untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan mempersiapkan siswa menghadapi era global.
INTEGRASI METODE PCQ DAN HTB UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN PENGGUNAAN BANDWIDTH INTERNET DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH
Authors: Mukti Fransiska Sisilia , Latul Roza Syahfadi
Published: January 2025

Berlangganan kapasitas bandwidth yang besar tidak selalu memberikan jaminan bahwa layanan yang diberikan kepada pengguna akan maksimal. Tanpa adanya manajemen bandwidth yang tepat, maka pengguna dapat saja berebut internet dan terjadi sebuah ketimpangan bandwidth yang diterima. Pengelolaan bandwidth biasanya akan diimbangi dengan adanya pengelolaan user melalui konsep pemetaan tingkat prioritas user, dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil manajemen jaringan yang lebih baik. Untuk itu, penelitian ini secara khusus mengusulkan sebuah metode pengintegrasian skema manajemen jaringan dalam bentuk manajemen pengguna dan manajemen bandwidth. Manajemen pengguna dilakukan melalui pengklasifikasian pengguna berdasarkan tingkat kepentingannya masing-masing dengan menggunakan metode Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB). Sementara manajemen bandwidth yang merata untuk seluruh pengguna diusulkan dengan mengintegrasikan konsep Per Connection Queue (PCQ) yang bersifat dinamis, tanpa membebani router. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengintegrasian metode PCQ-HTB memberikan sebuah alternatif baru dalam manajemen jaringan. Terjadi peningkatan nilai throughput yang dihasilkan mencapai 12,18 kali lipat, yang juga diimbangi dengan akses internet pengguna yang lebih merata.  Kata kunci: HTB, Internet Sekolah, Manajemen Bandwidth, Mikrotik, PCQ
PENENTUAN UKURAN BATCH OPTIMAL UNTUK PELATIHAN YOLOV8 DALAM PENDETEKSIAN OBJEK PADA KENDARAAN OTONOM
Authors: Jeri Jeri , Syarif Hidayat Zaid
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the optimal batch size in training the YOLOv8 model for object detection in autonomous vehicles. With the increasing need for accurate and efficient object detection technology, this study explores the effect of batch size variation on the performance of the YOLOv8 model. The dataset used in this study is a traffic simulation dataset from CARLA, obtained from the Roboflow universe, consisting of 1719 images divided into training, validation, and testing data. The research methodology includes data collection, pre-processing, and data analysis using the YOLOv8 technique with different hyperparameter settings. The results showed that increasing the number of epochs and batch size contributed to the increase in the mean Average Precision (mAP) value of the model. The best training scheme was identified with the highest mAP value of 98.2%, using 100 epochs, batch size 32, and image resolution 640x640. These findings provide important insights for further development in object detection technology, as well as provide guidance for researchers who want to optimize training parameters for object detection models using YOLOv8 in the context of autonomous vehicles. This research is expected to serve as a reference for future studies in this field.Kata kunci: YOLOv8, object detection, autonomous vehicle, optimal batch size, CARLA dataset, mean Average Precision (mAP), hyperparameters, model training
Screen Necroptosis-related Genes and evaluate the prognostic capacity, clinical value and the affection of their copy number variations in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Wen Dake , Yan Ru , Zhang Lin , Zhang Haoyang , Chen Xuyang , Zhou Jian
Published: January 2025

Background：Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematological neoplasm. Little improvement in survival rates has been achieved over the past few decades. Necroptosis has relationship with certain types of malignancies outcomes. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic ability, prognostic capacity of necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) and the affection of their copy number variations (CNVs) in AML.
Methods：Necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (NRDEGs) were acquired after intersecting Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database with NRGs from GeneCards, Molecular Signatures Database (MsigDB) and literatures. Machine learning was applied to obtain hub-NRDEGs. The expression levels of 6 hub-NRDEGs were validated in vitro. mRNA-miRNA and mRNA-TF interaction networks with hub-NRDEGs were screened by Cytoscape@. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was utilized to calculate correlationships between hub-NRDEGs and immune cells. CNVs analysis on hub-NRDEGs was carried out based on TCGA-LAML datasets from the TCGA database. Kaplan–Meier(K-M) survival analyses was utilized to evaluate the prognostic values along with COX model.
Results：6 hub-NRDEGs (SLC25A5, PARP1, CTSS, ZNF217, NFKB1, PYGL) were obtained and their expression changes derived from CNVs in AML were visualized. 65 mRNA-miRNA and 80 mRNA-TF interaction networks with hub-NRDEGs was screened. ssGSEA result showed the expression of RAPR1 is inversely related with CD56dim natural killer cell and CTSS positive with MDSCs in AML. K-M results demonstrated ZNF217 had significant difference in duration of survival in AML patients. Cox regression models revealed hub-NRDEGs had better predictive power at year-1 and year-5.
Conclusion： These screened NRDEGs could be exploited as clinical prognosis predictions in AML patients, as well as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targeting.
Planar lithium deposition/dissolution enabling practical 500 Wh kg–1 anode-free pouch cells
Authors: Wang Jianhui , Liu Lei , Xiang Yuxuan , Lu Xingyu
Published: January 2025

Anode-free lithium metal batteries (AFLMBs), characterized by the absence of anode active materials during manufacturing, offer great potential for high-energy-density, low-cost energy storage. However, AFLMBs face a long-standing challenge of short lifespan due to the harsh conditions of lacking excess lithium and an anode host. This issue is associated with uneven lithium deposition/dissolution, rooted in the micro-inhomogeneity and fragility of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the lithium metal surface. Here, we present a practical 500 Wh kg–1-level AFLMB design with enhanced lifespan, achieved using an electrolyte of 1.6 M lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate in N,N-Dimethyltrifluoroacetamide solvent. The electrolyte-derived B-F-based polymer-rich SEI exhibits sub-nanometer homogeneity, high flexibility, and fast Li-ion conductivity, which spontaneously evolves a self-adaptive mesh-film structure that ensures uniform ion flux and large-volume-change accommodation, thereby realizing reversible planar lithium-orientated deposition/dissolution of 5.6 mAh cm–2. Consequently, a 2.7 Ah AFLMB (508 Wh kg–1, 1668 Wh L–1) without any host-material coating demonstrates stable cycling for 100 cycles at 100% depth of discharge (DoD) and 250 cycles at 80% DoD, with 80% capacity retention and an unprecedentedly high-power output of 2650 W kg–1 at 96 Wh kg–1. Our findings address the inherent structural instability of host-free electrodes, advancing the practical implementation of AFLMBs.
A sub-galaxy-filament of the cosmic web in a nearby galaxy cluster
Authors: Xu Jinlong , Zhu Ming , Jiang P. , Yu NaiPing , Zhang Chuan-Peng , Liu XiaoLan , Guan Xin , Ai Mei , Wang Jie , Jing Ying-jie , Wang Jun-Jie
Published: January 2025

Galaxy filaments, as quasi-linear and extensive features of galaxy distributions, are a crucial component of the cosmic web. Cosmological simulations have predicted a hierarchical nature to the filaments. However, a direct view of small-scale filaments has been lacking to validate this prediction. Here we report the detection of a sub-galaxy-filament in the Ursa Major cluster using the atomic-hydrogen observations. This filament consists of cold gas clumps and various types of galaxies, spanning a length of approximately 0.9 megaparsec. Notably, it is extremely thin, with a thickness comparable to the diameter of a galaxy. The baryonic fraction within the filament is measured at 0.18. We observed a velocity gradient and a consistent galaxy alignment within the filament. These findings strongly suggest an accretion flow along the filament, potentially contributing to the formation and growth of the galaxies.
The Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator CORT125329 Decreases Neuroinflammation and Gliosis and Enhances Myelination in the Wobbler Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Esperante Iván , Banzan Carolina , Munuera Jimena Zhan , Lima Analía , Hunt Hazel , De Kloet Edo R. , Deniselle María Claudia Gonzalez , De Nicola Alejandro F. , Meyer María
Published: January 2025

The Wobbler mouse is a genetic model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Wobblers show spinal cord neurodegeneration associated with gliosis, neuroinflammation, and demyelination. Similar to human neurodegenerative diseases, Wobblers show high levels of corticosterone in blood and the nervous system. A role for glucocorticoids in neuropathology is suggested by the observation that pathological signs attenuate with treatment with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonists/modulators. In the present study, we demonstrated in 5-month-old clinically afflicted Wobbler mice that the selective GR modulator CORT125329 decreased motoneuron degeneration, astro- and microgliosis, and levels of pro-inflammatory factors (HMGB1, toll-like receptor 4, tumor necrosis factorFα, and its receptor). In addition, CORT125329 increased the acetylcholine-producing enzyme choline acetyltransferase, the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and their cellular colocalization. Furthermore, the increased oligodendrocyte number and a healthier myelin ultrastructure are consistent with the enhanced axonal myelination after CORT125329 treatment. Finally, the high expression of immunoreactive protein and mRNA levels of acquaporin4 in Wobblers was decreased by CORT125329 treatment, implying this water channel is a glucocorticoid target involved in neuropathology. The beneficial effects of CORT125329 correlated with enhanced motor behavioral performance and trophic changes of the forelimbs. In conclusion our results support further preclinical and clinical studies with GR modulators in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Simulating surfing with optimal control: Sensorfusion for biomechanical analysis
Authors: Weiss Alexander , Lluch Èric , Masmoudi Ilias , Döllinger Michael , Heinrich Dieter , Koelewijn Anne
Published: January 2025

Currently, there is no established biomechanical model for surfing. Especially, musculoskeletal simulations can provide valuable insights for athletes to enhance performance and prevent injuries using quantitative data such as joint angles, joint moments, and muscle forces. The dynamic nature of surfing makes it difficult to assess biomechanics in a laboratory setting. Although inertial measurement units (IMUs) offer a potential solution, relying solely on IMU data in three-dimensional musculoskeletal models presents challenges. We hypothesize a multi-modal approach combining IMU data with deep learning-based human pose estimation to simulate surfing movements. We collected data from seven experienced surfers on a river wave, providing a semi-controlled environment. We placed IMUs on the participants’ bodies, and positioned cameras around the1wave. We defined an optimal control problem to drive three-dimensional biomechanical simulations. In addition, we used an adapted contact model to represent the interaction between feet, surfboard, and water surface. Consequently, we compared the kinematics and kinetics of the front and rear legs, and analyzed muscle forces, to demonstrate the potential of our approach. The study successfully minimized tracking errors and established the first biomechanical model for surfing. Differences between rear and front leg joint moments and angles of up to 47% were found, with muscle forces being higher in the front leg’s muscles, suggesting that the weight distribution in surfing comes mainly from the front leg muscles, while the higher rear leg moments come from stabilization. This showcases the high potential for further biomechanical analysis in surfing performance analysis using our approach.
A simple model approach for the desorption of DDT and related compounds from contaminated sediment to plastic polymers
Authors: Ricking Mathias , Kerndorff Alexander , Obermaier Nathan , Zhu Xiaojing , Bannick Claus Gerhard
Published: January 2025

Plastics including microplastic (MP) particles are widely distributed in the environment today. Microcontaminants - especially very persistent organic compounds and trace metals - are also detected to a large extent in the (aquatic) environment, which has led to a growing number of recent studies addressing interactions between organic contaminants and (micro)plastics in the environment. The background of these studies is the presumed function of plastic particles as vectors for biomagnification, leading to negative effects on the ecosystem. In the present work, interactions between two common plastic polymers, low-density polyethylene (LD-PE) and rigid polyvinyl chloride (H-PVC), and three organic persistent compounds, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), methoxychlor (DMDT), and dicofol with different log Kow-values, were investigated using a sorption assay and desorption experiments. A new and innovative experimental approach based on a static system resembling burial in deeper sediment layers was investigated. The experimental setup used additive-free plastic containers, resulting in an easy-to-use experiment instead of MP sorption. It is assumed that the basic mechanisms of interaction are evaluated and are material specific. The present sorption experiment demonstrated adsorption/incorporation of contaminants into the two polymers. Differences between the two polymers are addressed. In the sorption experiments, all target substances were detected in agreement with their hydrophobicity. In the desorption experiments, diffusion of contaminants from a contaminated sediment to the polymers was detected. As expected, sorption by PE was significantly higher. The differences between the two polymers are based on the different glass transition temperatures (Tg) and polymer structure. A comparison with published data from the Pellet Watch project shows a sorption capacity in the same concentration range. The simple approach is easy to use and illustrates the limited sorption capacity of the two polymers studied. It eliminates possible sorption effects on glass walls and simulates the ecosystem situation of a multiple aged contaminant mixture, which is usually not represented in laboratory experiments. The same approach is applicable to polystyrene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate beside other polymer containers.
Immune cell-mediated CETP gene and the causal relationship with ischemic stroke disease risk: Mendelian randomization analysis with mediation effect assessment
Authors: Yuan Hao , Feng Xin , Lin Jiancheng , Huang Chi , Huang Mengshi , Duan Chuanzhi
Published: January 2025

Background:
The advancement of cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) has thus far failed to produce approved therapeutic agents, despite Mendelian randomization (MR) studies establishing CETP gene as a viable target for CHD prevention. However, there is currently no empirical evidence supporting the role of CETP-related genes as potential therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke. Our study aims to delineate CETP gene as a novel key player in ischemic stroke pathogenesis, establish its causal association with ischemic stroke, and assess the potential mediating effect of immune cells in this process.
Methods
Using the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) database and a cross-ethnic cohort of 688807 Europeans and Asians, we conducted MR analysis to investigate the causal relationship between key genes and ischemic stroke. Additionally, we performed mediation analysis to examine the involvement of 731 immune phenotypes in these relationships.
Result
We confirmed that an increase in CETP gene expression is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke (OR 1.090, 95% CI : 1.033 to 1.151, p = 0.002), and 11 types of immune cells including IgD + CD24 + B cells mediate this causal relationship.
Conclusion
Increased CETP gene expression is closely associated with a high risk of ischemic stroke, and CETP inhibitors may serve as the next generation of drugs for ischemic stroke therapy.
Global-Local Context Enhanced YOLO for Small Object Detection in UAV Images
Authors: Wei Lixin , Han Kangshuai , Li Xin , Che Haijun , Hu Ziyu
Published: January 2025

Object detection using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has emerged as a crit- ical application across diverse domains. However, the wide-angle views of drones often result in images containing a high density of small objects, posing chal- lenges for object detection such as few learnable features, significant occlusion, and an imbalanced distribution of positive and negative samples. To address these issues, this paper introduces AGLC-YOLO, an enhanced version of the YOLOv7 architecture specifically designed for detecting small objects in UAV images. AGLC-YOLO integrates global and local context information through a Attention guide Global-Local Context Information Extraction (AGLC) module. This module employs parallel dilated convolutions to capture local context infor- mation and a transformer-based structure to extract global dependencies, which are then fused using an improved attention mechanism. The network also adds an additional small object detection head to enrich the small object informa- tion in the model. Additionally, AGLC-YOLO utilizes an auxiliary bounding box in conjunction with the Inner-Wise Intersection over Union (Inner-WIoU) loss function to accelerate the bounding box regression process and improve detec- tion accuracy. Experimental results on the VisDrone and ManipalUav datasets demonstrate that AGLC-YOLO achieves significant improvements over the base- line YOLOv7 model, with an increase of 3% in AP50 and 2.7% in AP95 on the VisDrone dataset, and 1.9% in AP50 and 2% in AP95 on the ManipalUav dataset. Source code is released in https://github.com/hanks124/aglc.
An Automated Multimodal Medical Image Fusion Framework for Alzheimer Detection using Deep Learning
Authors: Beatrice S. , M Janaki Meena , Dhivviyanandnam I.
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that affects the elderly population. The early detection and diagnosis of AD is critical for achieving effective treatment, as it can greatly improve the patient experience. AD can be viewed through imaging techniques like MRI, PET, and SPECT, providing valuable information about structural and functional changes. These findings are important in understanding this area. However, each imaging modality offers a different perspective. This information can be better collected from several of the other modalities as well as from some others to improve accuracy and reliability in AD detection. By combining information from different imaging modalities, such as MRI, PET, DTI, and fMRI, automated multimodal medical image frameworks aim to create a fused representation that preserves the relevant features from each modality. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and generative adversarial networks (GANs), among other deep learning techniques, have been prevalent in these frameworks for learning discriminative and informative features from multi-modal data. In this paper, The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is used for experimental analysis. The proposed work gives 98.94% of accuracy and 1.06% of error which is greater than the existing approaches.
Traceability of Traditional Processing Techniques and Indigenous Recipes of Ragi (Finger millet) through QR in Pratapgarh District, Uttar Pradesh
Authors:   ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kalakankar, Pratapgarh (U.P.)-229408, India., Dubey Swati Deepak , Pandey Alka ,   Department of Psychology, School of Liberal Education, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh, Plot No-2, Sector 17-A, Yamuna Expressway Greater Noida, Distt- Gautam Budh Nagar, India., Dubey S.K. ,   ICAR- Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Kanpur (U.P.)-208002, India., Kumar Yatendra ,   ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kalakankar, Pratapgarh (U.P.)-229408, India.
Published: January 2025

The research was conducted in a designated village within the Agricultural Extension Services (AES) of Block Kalakankar, District Pratapgarh, during the Kharif season of 2023. Despite facing challenges in accessing remote areas and gaining the trust and cooperation of local communities, the study comprehensively documents every traditional method employed in Ragi processing. The labor-intensive process, deeply rooted in indigenous knowledge and techniques, involves key steps such as nursery sowing, transplanting, harvesting, threshing, winnowing, drying, grading, and storage of Ragi seeds.

The study sheds light on the production of value-added products derived from Ragi, contributing valuable insights for agricultural development initiatives and opportunities for value addition in the millet industry. Millet cultivation, including Ragi, Bajra, and Jowar, has seen a significant increase owing to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and a growing emphasis on health. Millets, recognized as “future crops” due to their resilience to prevalent diseases in Asia and Africa, play a crucial role in addressing food security and nutrition challenges.
Impact of Bioregulatorson Biochemical Parameters in cuttings of Passion fruit [Passiflora edulis flavicarpa Deg.]
Authors:   Division of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu-180009, India., kalsi Jyotsana , Sinha B.K. ,   Division of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu-180009, India., Chand Gurdev ,   Division of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu-180009, India., Reena Reena ,   ACRA, Dhiansar, SKUAST- Jammu, Bari Brahmana- 181133, India., Sharma Arti ,   Division of Fruit Science, Faculty of Horticulture and Forestry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu-180009, India., Verma Shruti ,   Division of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu-180009, India., Raina Ankita ,   Division of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu-180009, India., Swati Swati ,   Division of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu-180009, India., Malpotra Sofia ,   Division of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu-180009, India.
Published: January 2025

Passion fruit through seed propagation is showing good performance but due to high vaiability
and heterozygosity which result in uneven plants in orchard. Also plant raised through seed takes
more time to grow than vegetatively propagated. Therefore by considering the importance of
propagation by stem cuttings, a present investigation was conducted on the response of different
bioregulators on biochemical parameters in cuttings of the Yellow passion fruit variety
[Passiflora edulis flavicarpa Deg.]. The cuttings of passion fruit were treated with various
concentrations of Indole butyric acid [300, 500 and 700 ppm] and Paclobutrazol[20, 40 and 60
ppm]for 15 minutes under quick dip method along with control [distilled water]. Cuttings consist
of 3-4 nodes and are approximately 15-20 cm in length. The results obtained from the study
revealed that significantly higher concentrations of chlorophyll a [4.25 mg/g], chlorophyll b
[1.02 mg/g], total chlorophyll [5.27 mg/g], carotenoid concentration [1.06 mg/g] and total
soluble sugar [3.07 mg/g] when cuttings were subjected to T1 PBZ @ 60 ppm. Among the IBA
treatments, 700 ppm was recorded best concentration in biochemical parameters viz., chlorophyll
a [3.07 mg/g], chlorophyll b [0.78 mg/g], total chlorophyll [3.85 mg/g], carotenoid concentration
[0.65 mg/g] and total soluble sugar [2.87 mg/g].
Multi-Criteria Decision Making and GIS Approached Land Suitability Analysis for Pearl Millet Cultivation in Banka Block of Banka District, Bihar
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, India., Vimal Binod Kumar , Nandulal Ingle Sagar , Das Sai Parasar , A Srinivasaraghvan , Kumari Ragini , Padbhushan Rajeev , Alam Furquan , Kumari Sushma
Published: January 2025

Land suitability analysis, an important aspect used in land use planning, and provides an
integrated information for land resources management. Hence, the main objective of the
study is to analyze the land suitability for the pearl millet crop of Banka block using
Geographical Information System (GIS) and Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)
approaches. To fulfill the objectives, there are 9 parameters, viz., land use and land cover,
elevation, slope, soil texture, pH, EC, OC, temperature, and precipitation were considered.
However, satellite imageries of Land sat-8 (2022) and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
(SRTM) data were employed to assess the physiography, elevation, slope, and land use/land
cover pattern under RS-GIS domain. The results revealed that out of the total geographical
area (114.95 km 2 ), only 25.01 % of the land in the northern part of the study area is highly
suitable (S1), followed by 41.21% of the land found to be moderately suitable (S2) in the
middle portion, and 12.32 % of the land is marginally suitable (S3) which is in the southwest
part for pearl millet. The remaining land (21.5 %) was found to be not suitable (S4) due to the
presence of bed rock, hilly terrain, built-up lands, and water bodies. The integration of soil,
climate, and topographic parameters has aided in mapping the suitable lands for pearl millet.
This information may be beneficial for farmers' advisory services and as a database for
further utilization in land-use planning.
Impact of Ginning Mills and Weather Parameters On Population Of Pink Bollworm Pectinophora Gossypiella(Saunders)
Authors:   Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India., Ramyasri Nagamandla , T Uma Maheswari , Rajashekar Kanjarla
Published: January 2025

In the recent times pink bollworm has emerged as a serious pest of cotton in India causing
ecological and economic damage. For proper management of pink bollworm it is very important
to know source of infestation along with survival during offseason. Monitoring of pink
bollworms was done in 2018 and 2019 in Adilabad district of Telangana. For this market area of
Adilabad having 10 ginning mills and 15 villages surrounding the mills with an radius of 5, 10
and 15 km were selected. In ginning mills average moth catches started in September measuring
0.20moths/trap/week and a peak was observed on 26 th March and 1 st April recording 158.2moths/
trap/week. There it declined to 120moths/trap/week during the end of April then became
negligible by July. Average moth catches at the field started in August measuring
21.27moths/trap/week. The peak level of adult activity in the season was recorded in 3 rd week of
February recording 117.13 moths/trap/week. The later population became negligible by June.
Temperature showed a significant negative correlation with trap catches of month/week. A
decrease in the number of moth catches/trap/week was observed with an increase in radius from
ginning mills. Average catches of male moths in traps set at 5, 10, and 15 km away from ginning
mills revealed 42.63, 35.68, and 29.94 moths/trap/week respectively.
Factors creating favorable conditions for activating innovative entrepreneurship and startups in post-war Ukraine
Authors: Khymych Oksana , Masurel Enno
Published: January 2025

As global conflicts and hostilities become more prevalent, it is essential to investigate the conditions necessary for the operation and growth of innovative enterprises considering post-war recovery. The paper aims to determine crucial favorable conditions for activating innovative entrepreneurship and startups in the post-war period in Ukraine. The analysis is based on inductive, qualitative data from 24 interviews with the respondents from Ukraine and the Netherlands (eight scientists, ten startup founders and entrepreneurs, two government officials, and four entrepreneurs) to identify a range of favorable factors by utilizing qualitative analysis. The paper used individual, in-depth, semi-structured interviews. The study identified eight constraining aggregate themes (the consequences of war, policy and regulatory system, market and investment, the ecosystem, passive universities, education and skills, internationalization, and culture) and three enabling aggregate themes (the consequences of war, active universities, and the ecosystem) through the grouping of factors from the second-order code. The most significant constraining factor from aggregate themes “the consequences of war” is brain drain (40.63%). Among the eight constraining aggregate themes, 32.55% identified the policy and regulatory system as the main obstacle due to the absence of an effective strategy, ineffective legislation, passive municipalities, and bureaucracy. Moreover, the lack of funds is a critical issue in addressing the consequences of the war, financing startup projects, and creating favorable conditions. The results emphasize constraining and enabling conditions for activating innovative entrepreneurship and startups. Such results are helpful for policymakers to improve the conditions for startup development by overcoming the immediate identified obstacles.
AcknowledgmentThe publication was prepared in the framework of the MSCA4Ukraine postdoctoral fellowship (Oksana Khymych Ref.№ UKR 1233171), which is funded by the European Union that provides support and funding for the Ukrainian researchers displaced by the war, while the Consortium (a consortium comprised of Scholars at Risk Europe hosted at Maynooth University, Ireland (project coordinator), the German Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (AvH) and the European University Association (EUA)) is a collaborative network of institutions managing and implementing this initiative. The views and opinions expressed in this report are solely those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the European Union or the MSCA4Ukraine Consortium. Neither the European Union, the MSCA4Ukraine Consortium, nor any individual member institutions of the Consortium can be held responsible for these views and opinions. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the colleagues at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam for their invaluable support in conducting the research and for fostering an environment conducive to academic excellence and innovation.
Radiation accidents associated with violation of rules of gathering and recycling of ferrous and non-ferrous metal scrap in the Russian Federation in 2010-2023
Authors: Gromov A. V. , Biblin A. M. , Sednev K. A. , Akhmatdinov R. R.
Published: January 2025

The study presents summary, analysis, and hygienic assessment of data on the radiation accidents related to violations of the rules of gathering and recycling of ferrous and non-ferrous metal scrap within the Russian, based on data from the Radiation Accidents and Incidents Database of the Information and Analytical Center of Rospotrebnadzor on Radiation Safety. The aim of the study was to analyze information on radiation accidents associated with violations in the collection and handling of scrap metal occurring in the Russian Federation over period from 2010 to 2023. A total of 971 radiation accidents related to improper handling of scrap metal were recorded across 41 regions in Russia during the study period. The largest number of the accidents occurred in Vologda (206), Sverdlovsk (178), Khabarovsk (150), Saint Petersburg (116), and Orenburg (52) regions. A negative trend in the accident frequency was observed, with an average annual decline rate of 12%, indicating a steady decrease in occurrences over the last 14 years. The primary sources of radioactive contamination in scrap metal included fragments of various radiation-related equipment, pipes, and technological equipment from the oil and gas industry contaminated with natural radionuclides during use (primarily 226Ra and its salts), as well as devices containing permanent luminescent substances based on 226Ra salts. The identified sources were most commonly associated with the radionuclides 226Ra (63%), 137Cs (12%), 60Co (9%), 238U (9%), with occasional cases involving 241Am, 232Th, and 90Sr. In 66% of cases, the ambient gamma dose equivalent rate on the source surface exceeded 1 μSv/h; in 27% it exceeded 10 μSv/h, in 7% it exceeded 100 μSv/h, and in five cases were in range from 1 to 8.8 mSv/h. It was found that sources of ionizing radiation posing potential health risks to the public have been detected throughout the study period. In 14 cases, radioactive contamination was identified in scrap, indicating accidents of melting down radiation sources without investigation into the circumstances or assessment of potential adverse effects. In most (64%) of the registered radiation accidents, the batches of scrap metal were accompanied by radiation control certificates from accredited laboratories, confirming compliance with sanitary standards and regulations. The analysis of radiation accidents related to violations in the collection and handling of scrap metal revealed that the current domestic system for ensuring radiation safety during the procurement and sale of scrap metal remains effective and relevant. Recommendations for improving emergency response during investigations of such radiation accidents have been provided to the Rospotrebnadzor organizations.
Development of the Concept of Death and Grief Process in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities Who Have Lost Relatives
Authors: Candeğer Ayşenur , Taymaz Sarı Oktay
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the perceptions of individuals with intellectual disabilities in adulthood about the concept of death when they lost a first-degree relative, their experiences of the grief process and their views on how they make sense of life after the loss.
Method: This study was conducted with a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using descriptive analysis. Participants were determined by criterion sampling and snowball sampling strategy. The individuals participating in the study consisted of 10 adults with intellectual disabilities between the ages of 21-65.
Findings: The results were grouped under 5 themes. These themes are the concept of death, news of death, emotions evoked by the word death, funeral ceremony and grave visit, grief process and experiences. The findings suggest that one participant used statements indicating a full understanding of all five components of death. However, the majority of other participants seem to understand only some of the subcomponents of death. All the participants attended the funeral and expressed that they experienced intense sadness during the grief process. Most of them reported that they moved, received psychological help and felt alone during the grief process.
Discussion: The results indicate that adult individuals with intellectual disabilities understand death to some extent, although not in all its dimensions. It has been observed that the consolatory sentences formed under the influence of the prevailing culture and religious beliefs shape their understanding of death. Given this, it is necessary to implement death education for individuals with intellectual disabilities to promote a correct understanding of death.
ANÁLISE DOS DESAFIOS NA PRODUÇÃO E COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DO AÇAÍ NO MÉDIO SOLIMÕES
Authors: Oliveira Urlânia Alves de , Souza Thiago Monteiro , Veiga-Junior Valdir Florêncio da , Yamaguchi Klenicy Kazumy de Lima
Published: January 2025

O açaí é considerado um dos mais importantes produtos do extrativismo nacional e uma das principais fontes de desenvolvimento econômico e social da região Amazônica. A presente pesquisa buscou caracterizar e identificar as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos participantes da cadeia produtiva do açaí na região do Médio Solimões. Foram realizadas entrevistas presenciais com a aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado, contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas direcionadas aos beneficiadores e comerciantes de açaí nos municípios de Coari, Alvarães, Anori, Codajás e Tefé, no Amazonas. O comércio e beneficiamento de açaí são muito importantes para a renda econômica das famílias entrevistadas. Há uma padronização da técnica de extração, e os principais desafios relacionam-se com a logística/transporte da produção, seguidos pela precificação e alta demanda da matéria-prima. É fundamental garantir o escoamento do açaí e o fortalecimento dos pequenos comerciantes e produtores, visando o desenvolvimento da cadeia produtiva e a garantia da implementação de padrões de qualidade, padronização das técnicas e dos produtos, melhoria da questão logística e transporte, e políticas públicas que contribuam para a implementação de tecnologias que melhorem a extração e comercialização desse "ouro roxo" brasileiro.
Artificial Intelligence in Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) Tools for the Finding of Potent Biologically Active Small Molecules: Traditional to
Modern Approach
Authors: Siddiqui Benjamin , Yadav Chandra Shekhar , Akil Mohd , Faiyyaz Mohd , Khan Abdul Rahman , Ahmad Naseem , Hassan Firoj , Azad Mohd. Irfan , Owais Mohammad , Nasibullah Malik , Azad Iqbal
Published: January 2025

Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) entails designing molecules that could potentially
interact with a specific biomolecular target and promising their potential binding. The stereo-
arrangement and stereo-selectivity of small molecules (SMs)--based chemotherapeutic
agents significantly influence their therapeutic potential and enhance their therapeutic advantages.
CADD has been a well-established field for decades, but recent years have observed a
significant shift toward acceptance of computational approaches in both academia and the pharmaceutical
industry. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI), bioinformatics, and data science have
played a significant role in drug discovery to accelerate the development of effective treatments,
reduce expenses, and eliminate the need for animal testing. This shift can be attributed to the
availability of extensive data on molecular properties, binding to therapeutic targets, and their 3D
structures. Increasing interest from legislators, pharmaceutical companies, and academic and industrial
scientists is evidence that AI is reshaping the drug discovery industry. To achieve success
in drug discovery, it is necessary to optimize pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and clinical
outcome-related properties. Moreover, the advent of on-demand virtual libraries containing
billions of drug-like SMs, coupled with abundant computing capacities, has further facilitated
this transition. To fully capitalize on these resources, rapid computational methods are needed for
effective ligand screening. This includes structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) of vast chemical
spaces, aided by fast iterative screening approaches. At the same time, advances in deep
learning (DL) predictions of ligand properties and target activities have become very helpful, as
they no longer need information about the structure of the receptor. This study examines recent
progress in the drug discovery and development (DDD) approach, their potential to reshape the
entire DDD process, and the challenges they face. This review examines the role of artificial intelligence
as a fundamental component in drug discovery, particularly focusing on small molecules.
It also discusses how AI-driven approaches can expedite the identification of diverse, potent,
target-specific, and drug-like ligands for protein targets. This advancement has the potential
to make drug discovery more efficient and cost-effective, ultimately facilitating the development
of safer and more effective therapeutics.
“Skin Whitening Creams: Cosmetovigilance.”
Authors: Agarwal Saloni , Mazhar Mohd , Saha Hiranmoy , Khan Simra , Ibrahim Mohammad , Chhabra Charu
Published: January 2025

Cosmeceutical products such as skin-lightening agents have been used globally to
enhance skin tone and obtain a magnificent outward appearance. The pigment known as melanin,
produced by melanocytes, imparts skin color. The Cosmetic Europe survey testifies that
most people believe that cosmetics enhance one's quality of life. The most in-demand in the
cosmetics industry are skin-whitening agents. Heavy metals and dangerous substances like lead
and mercury are present in these skin-brightening cosmetics, which have a long-term effect on
important organs and begin asymptomatic. Despite these negative consequences, there is a sizable
market for these products due to the desire for fairer skin tones. Cosmetovigilance studies
determine the of heavy metals in these preparations, which need to be monitored regularly. This
article discusses the toxicity of heavy metals such as nickel, mercury, arsenic, lead, cobalt, and
others found in skin-lightening formulas. The acceptable limit for these toxic agents is recognized
by several healthcare organizations worldwide.
Recent Advances in Nanocarrier-mediated Combination Drug Therapy for Tackling Solid-resistant Tumors
Authors: Rafiya Km , Awasthi Sakshi , Qureshi Saba Asif , Hasan Nazeer , Ahmad Farhan Jalees
Published: January 2025

Cancer is a group of dynamic diseases characterized by uncontrollable growth and spread
of cells. The heterogenic nature of cancer hinders the abolishment of cancer resulting in a narrow
therapeutic index, the capacity of drug efflux, multidrug resistance, and unacceptable side effects.
The major challenge in the treatment of malignancies is multidrug resistance (MDR). A novel platform,
nanoscale delivery system, concluding desirable applications for the treatment of cancer with
targeted and controlled release of drugs, reducing the number of side effects and systemic toxicity.
Recent studies emphasize that combining 2 or more nanocarrier-mediated therapies may produce
complementary therapeutic effects, perhaps resulting in improved outcomes of cancer current therapies
like deterioration of drug resistance. Therefore, in this article, we scrutinize the recent advancement
addressing combination therapy by combining nanoparticles with anticancer drugs. It briefly
concludes a thorough overview of cancer, tumor or solid resistant tumors, the mechanism of resistant
tumors, current therapies for the treatment of solid tumors, and their challenges. It also covers various
types of nanoparticles used in cancer treatment, the usage of nanocarriers in resistant tumors, and
nanocarrier-based combinatorial therapy for the treatment of resistant tumors as well as its benefits.
However, this approach still needs to be improved for clinical applications.
Drug-Loaded Hydrogel Microneedles for Sustainable Transdermal Delivery of Macromolecular Proteins
Authors: Chandran Rubhan , Mohd Tohit Eusni Rahayu , Stanslas Johnson , Salim Norazlinaliza , Tuan Mahmood Tuan Mazlelaa
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Poly(methyl vinyl ether co-maleic acid) (PMVE/MA) hydrogel microneedles
(HMN) are investigated for transdermal delivery of macromolecular drugs owing to their biocompatibility
and super-swelling properties. However, the drug delivery efficacy reduces with increasing
molecular weight due to the entrapment within the HMN matrices. Furthermore, integrating
external drug reservoirs extends the drug diffusion path and reduces the efficiency of drug permeation.

Methods:

A direct drug loading approach in the HMN matrix was introduced in this work following
a pH modification step. The effect of pH modification on the physicochemical properties of HMN was
studied. Then, bovine serum albumin (BSA), a model protein, was loaded into the pH-modified HMN,
and the morphological changes in HMN and protein stability were also assessed. Finally, the efficacy
of BSA-loaded HMN in the transdermal delivery was evaluated ex vivo.

Results:

A significant increase in swelling was recorded following the pH modification of HMN (p <
0.001). The structure of pH-modified hydrogel was highly porous, and ATR-FTIR spectra indicated a
shift in the carboxylic peak. The secondary structure of BSA loaded in the pH-modified HMN was
also preserved. The BSA-loaded HMN mediated a sustained ex-vivo drug release with a cumulative
release of 64.70% (3.88 mg) in 24 h.

Conclusion:

Hence, the model drug-incorporated PMVE/MA HMN system shows potential for sustainable
transdermal delivery of proteins.