bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVİD-19 GEÇİREN BİREYLERİN DAMGALANMA DENEYİMLERİ
Authors: ÖZCAN ELÇİ Dicle
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmanın konusu Covid-19 hastalığını geçirmiş on sekiz yaş üstü yetişkin bireylerin hastalık süreçleri ve bu süreçteki damgalanma/dışlanma deneyimleridir. Çalışmanın amacı, görüşülen katılımcıların hastalıktan kaynaklı damgalanma pratikleri ile yüz yüze kalıp kalmadıkları, eğer kaldılarsa da damgalanmanın hasta bireyler tarafından nasıl anlamlandırıldığı, damgalama pratikleri karşısında nasıl tutum geliştirdiklerine odaklanmaktır. Çalışma, özellikle Türkiye’de Covid-19 ve damgalanma ilişkisini sağlık çalışanları perspektifi ile sınırlandıran literatürdeki boşluğa cevap vermeyi hedeflemektedir. Nitekim hastalığı deneyimlemiş farklı demografik özelliklere sahip kişilerin öznel, gündelik deneyimlerine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemleri içinde sıklıkla kullanılan fenomenolojik araştırmayı içeren yaklaşımla, on sekiz yaş üstü yirmi beş yetişkin bireyle yüz yüze derinlemesine mülakatlar aracılığıyla tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırmalarda sıklıkla kullanılan bir analiz yaklaşımı olarak, temalandırma ve kategorilendirmeye dayalı betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda katılımcıların damgalanma riskine rağmen hastalık durumlarını kolektif sorumluluk bilinciyle sosyal çevreleri ile paylaştıkları açığa çıkmıştır. Öngörülenin aksine katılımcıların tamamında damgalanmanın görülmediğini, dolayısıyla bu katılımcı profilinde damgalanma deneyiminin sınırlı kaldığını söylemek mümkündür. Beyan edilen damgalanma görünümleri ise karantina sonrası yakın fiziksel temas kurmaktan kaçınma, onur kırıcı dil kullanma, aynı ortamda bulunmaktan kaçınma, hastalıkla bağlantılı şakalar yapma biçiminde tanımlanmıştır.
An Empirical Review for OECD Countries on the Relationship between Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth
Authors: SÖKMEN Ferhat Şirin , TÜRKMAN Çiğdem
Published: June 2022

Günümüzde girişimcilik ve inovasyon ekonomik büyüme için itici bir güç olarak benimsenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı 35 OECD ülkeleri için girişimcilik faaliyetleri ve inovasyonun ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkilerini ampirik olarak analiz etmektir. Çalışmada 2001-2018 dönemleri verilerinden yararlanılarak, değişkenler arasındaki ilişki panel veri analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular sonucunda patentten büyümeye ve girişimcilikten büyümeye doğru eş bütünleşme ilişkisi söz konusudur. Bununla beraber, OECD ülkelerinde hem patentten büyümeye doğru hem de büyümeden girişimcilik faaliyetlerine doğru nedensellik ilişkisinin var olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Canning Pedroni nedensellik testti sonuçlarına göre OECD ülkelerinde patentten büyümeye ve büyümeden girişimcilik faaliyetlerine doğru nedenselliğin var olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
Analysis On The Impact Of Firm Size, Return On Equity, Debt To Equity Ratio, And Dividend Pay-out Ratio Towards Stock Price On LQ45 Companies Listed In Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors:   Universitas Prima Indonesia
Published: June 2022

This Research use simultaneous or sequential approach to find the impact of firm size, return on equity, debt to equity ratio, and dividend pay-out ratio towards stock price. This research uses quantitative approach, such as linear regression. 64 companies that act as the population was further filtered by using purposive sampling method which results in 27 companies left and with the total of 4-year financial year, the total sample for this research is amount to 108. Adjusted R square amount to 0.566 means that the independent variable (firm size, return on equity, debt to equity ratio, and dividend pay-out ratio) only explained 56.6% of the dependent variable. The rest 44.4% is being explained by other variables that was not in this research. The partial test identify that partially firm size has a significant positive impact on the stock price, return on equity does not have a significant impact towards stock price, but has a positive relationship. Debt to equity ratio have a significant negative impact towards stock price, and dividend pay-out ratio partially does not have impact on stock price and have a negative relationship. Simultaneously, firm size, return on equity, debt to equity ratio, and dividend pay-out ratio have a significant impact towards stock price on companies that was listed in LQ45 index in Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Redefining Leadership Roles in Managing Crises in Organisations: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   Doctorate in Business Administration Student, Department of Business Administration, School of Business, ZCAS University
Published: June 2022

Crises strike when least expected. Most organisations have collapsed as a result of crises situations. Essential resources including lives have been lost in the wake of crises. Leadership have essential roles to play in ensuring that the effect of crises were minimized in organisations. Leadership make strategic decisions, shape organization culture and facilitate resource allocation for execution of activities essential for the survival of the organisation. Although crises were unpredictable, and vary in nature magnitude and impact, it was important to put in place a general and comprehensive plan to mitigate the severity of the aftermath. This paper systematically reviewed articles on crisis management and leadership roles from JSTOR and Elsevier open databases. The articles were not limited to time period, to allow for a comprehensive search. The study used a systematic literature review. A total of 815 Journal articles were initially identified, 633 of which were dropped as they were out of context, while 182 articles were selected. A further 140 articles were found inappropriate, leaving 42 articles for final review. The study attempted to identify and integrate leadership roles essential in crises management, from different articles thereby providing a more elaborate source that could guide leadership and database for various stakeholders. The results of this study showed that majority of the articles, 40.47%, consisted of an average of four out of the eight essential roles identified. None of the articles comprehensively addressed most of the essential roles of leadership in managing crises.
Movimentos discursivos da argumentação e processos cognitivos da aprendizagem significativa no mapeamento conceitual
Authors: Dos Santos Lívia Da Silva , De Chiaro Sylvia , Calligaris Rodrigues Kátia
Published: June 2022

A argumentação é uma organização discursiva específica em que movimentos de justificação e negociação de perspectivas são observados. Por outro lado, a negociação de ideias também é marca da aprendizagem significativa, caracterizada pela ocorrência dos processos cognitivos de diferenciação progressiva e reconciliação integrativa. Esse artigo é parte de um estudo que se propôs a investigar a relação entre os movimentos discursivos da argumentação e os processos cognitivos da aprendizagem significativa no decurso de mapeamentos conceituais. Observamos a elaboração de mapas conceituais por dois estudantes de licenciatura em física do Centro Acadêmico do Agreste da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco em duas situações distintas: 1) na elaboração de mapas conceituais individuais e 2) na elaboração de um mapa conceitual coletivo. Essas observações foram videogravadas, transcritas e analisadas. A partir delas, encontramos indícios de que os movimentos discursivos da argumentação têm o potencial de evocar e manter os processos cognitivos da aprendizagem significativa.
Arguments linked to logos related to immigration in Obama and Biden's campaign discourses
Authors: Fernández Ulloa Teresa , Ruiz María Del Carmen López
Published: June 2022

As host to more immigrants than any other country, the United States has been shaped by immigration over the centuries, and illegal immigration is a constant problem, so is a topic to deal with in political campaigns. This research will show some rhetorical resources used in the political speeches given by Democratic leaders Barack Obama and Joe Biden when dealing with the issue of immigration in their campaigns. We will focus specifically on the different mechanisms related to logos or means of persuasion through the demonstration of logical proof, real or apparent, which can also be defined as the strategy of arguments that point directly to reason. Using Aristotle's Rhetoric, we will analyze how politicians try to convince, and we will compare the resources of both to see the similarities and differences. We selected four political speeches made by each Democratic candidate during the electoral campaigns to do this.
O caso SLĀV em Montreal (2018): racionalidade(s) e justiça reparadora
Authors: Garand Dominique , Dugré François
Published: June 2022

Neste artigo abordaremos uma polêmica do Quebec em torno da apresentação em Montreal do espetáculo SLĀV, idealizado pela cantora Betty Bonifassi em uma encenação de Robert Lepage. Este teatro musical, inspirado na canção dos escravos afro-americanos, pretendia ser uma história da escravidão em todo o mundo e uma homenagem a esta arte que emergiu de condições desumanas. No entanto, grupos de pressão viram nisso mais uma manifestação do colonialismo cultural e denunciaram o fato de a produção ser inteiramente ocupada por artistas brancos. A controvérsia, que dividiu profundamente a sociedade de Quebec, durou vários meses. Inspirado nas palavras do sociólogo Gérald Bronner, para quem "defender a racionalidade é defender um mundo intelectual comum", nosso estudo visa questionar o lugar da racionalidade em uma controvérsia que envolve conteúdo emocional e relações de poder institucional.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO HIDROGEOMORFOMÉTRICA DA MICROBACIA DO RIO VITÓRIA, RONDÔNIA, AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL, BRASIL
Authors: Carvalho Nalbert Souza de , Santos Junior Nilson Reinaldo Fernandes dos , Cavalheiro Wanderson Cleiton Schmidt , Fulan João Ânderson , Hara Francisco Adilson dos Santos , Stachiw Rosalvo , Figueira Waléria Souza , Ferreira Karoline Ruiz , Vendruscolo Jhony
Published: June 2022

A microbacia do rio Vitória está localizada na sub-bacia do rio Vermelho e bacia do rio Guaporé, abrange 14 estabelecimentos agropecuários, e apesar de sua importância socioeconômica e ambiental, não existem informações sobre as características de sua paisagem para subsidiar o planejamento e a gestão dos recursos naturais. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho, disponibilizar informações sobre as características da paisagem na microbacia do rio Vitória, por meio de geotecnologias. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que a microbacia do rio Vitória tem área de 7,46 km2, perímetro de 14,05 km, forma alongada, altitudes de 251 a 334 m, predominância de regiões com baixa influência na propagação de incêndio e aptas a extremamente aptas à mecanização agrícola, elevada disponibilidade de recursos hídricos, potencial para o desenvolvimento de atividades agropecuárias e piscicultura. A área desmatada para a implantação de sistemas agropecuários chegou a ocupar 25,6% da área da microbacia e 22,58% da área da zona ripária no ano de 2021. A microbacia do rio Vitória apresenta quantidades adequadas de vegetação nativa na maior parte das posições de relevo para a manutenção das funções eco-hidrológicas, exceto na zona ripária. Recomenda-se a adoção de práticas conservacionistas nos sistemas agropecuários e a recuperação da vegetação nativa na área da zona ripária que se encontra ocupada com agropecuária, para reduzir as perdas de solo por erosão e aumentar a proteção dos recursos hídricos contra possíveis contaminantes provenientes das atividades antrópicas.
Latest Permian foraminifers from the Vlasic mountain area, northwestern Serbia
Authors: Nestell Galina P. , Sudar Milan N. , Jovanovic Divna , Kolar-Jurkovsek Tea
Published: June 2022

Foraminifers from the Permian-Triassic boundary interval in the upper part of the "Bituminous Limestone" Formation of the Komiri section, northwestern Serbia are described and illustrated here for the first time. Four new species of foraminifers are described: Hemigordius komiricensis n. sp., H. smiljkae n. sp., Multidiscus vlasicensis n. sp., and Eomarginulinella serbica n. sp. The genus Eomarginulinella Sosnina 1969 is considered to be a valid genus and reinstated herein. The youngest Late Permian foraminifers are found together with conodonts of the Lower Hindeodus praeparvus Zone, the next to the last of the youngest conodont zones of the Upper Permian. The assemblage of the foraminifers from the upper part of the "Bituminous Limestone" in northwestern Serbia is most similar to coeval foraminiferal assemblages from the upper Changhsingian Belolabinskaya Group of the northwestern Caucasus and from the Nagyvisnyo Limestone Formation of the Bukk Mountains in northeastern Hungary. It is less similar to coeval foraminiferal assemblages of the Carnic Alps, Central Taurides of Turkey, Transcaucasia and China.
INTRODUCTION: Radiolarians and conodonts of the Guadalupian (Middle Permian) of West Texas: advances in taxonomy and biostratigraphy
Authors: Nestell Merlynd K. , Wardlaw Bruce R.
Published: June 2022

Introduction
Three Jinogondolella apparatuses from a single bed of the Bell Canyon Formation in the Apache Mountains, West Texas
Authors: Wardlaw Bruce R. , Nestell Merlynd K.
Published: June 2022

Complete apparatuses are described for Jinogondolella aserrata, J. errata (new species), and J. postserrata (transitional from J. aserrata) from a single bed in a section of the Bell Canyon Formation exposed in the Apache Mountains, West Texas. The conodont assemblage precisely equates this bed in age to the upper part of the Pinery Limestone Member of the Bell Canyon Formation and the base of the Capitanian in its type locality in the Guadalupe Mountains. The apparatus of Jinogondolella is different from most other gondolellid genera in that it has dimorphic to polymorphic elements in the S2 position and three pairs of platform elements.
Conodont biostratigraphy of a more complete Reef Trail Member section near the type section, latest Guadalupian Series type region
Authors: Lambert Lance L. , Bell Gordon L. , Fronimos John A. , Wardlaw Bruce R. , Yisa Murtala O.
Published: June 2022

The original type section of the Reef Trail Member (uppermost part of the Bell Canyon Formation) is called the Park Boundary Section, and is less than satisfactory in several aspects. We propose a new reference section designated Reef Trail Reference section 1 (RTR1) on the same hill as the original type section. Section RTR1 compensates for some of the Park Boundary Section’s shortcomings, including better exposure of a single measured section with only minor offset. The conodont biostratigraphy of section RTR1 is presented that, when combined with a better set of described correlation intervals, allows for improved correlation to recently discovered, complete, basinal sections in the Patterson Hills. In comparison with the South Boundary basin section, both the Park Boundary and RTR1 sections are missing approximately the upper third of the Reef Trail Member. Transitional conodonts from the basin demonstrate that Jinogondolella crofti evolved directly from J. altudaensis. We formally elevate Clarkina postbitteri hongshuiensis to C. hongshuiensis.
Klassklättring och matematik-kapital. En fallstudie.
Authors: Berge Maria , Danielsson Anna
Published: June 2022

Breaking the class ceiling? A case study of a university mathematics student from a non-academic background. In this paper we report from a case study of a student from non-academic background, who has continued on to study mathematics in higher education. Bourdieu’s concepts of capital, habitus, and field were used to analyse the student’s trajectory into university mathematics, with a particular focus on mathematics specific capital. Data was collected through classroom observations and three semi-structured interviews, over a period of three years. The analysis showed how the student acquired mathematics capital by acting as an informal teaching assistant, thus receiving recognition from both peers and teachers for his mathematical abilities. The longitudinal interviews also demonstrated how the student has continuously been able to expand his social capital related to mathematics and science. We argue that it is important for higher education researchers and teachers to consider disciplinary specific capital, and also to provide students with opportunities to acquire such capital.
Virtual Outlet Site for Greenery to Sow and Grow
Authors: Mrs. K. Sindhya  , Ms. Jagulinmary I  , Ms. Vinitha K  , Ms. Agnes Mary A
Published: June 2022

This project is title as “VIRTUAL OUTLET FOR GREENERY TO SOW & GROW”. We made this project by using PHP as front end MYSQL as a back end. This project is a web-based plant shopping system for an existing shop. This online website is based on ordering of the plants in online. This site is allows the user to select the desired plants from the available plants on this website. The customer can easily place an order for the plants of their choice. The general purpose of this website is to allow the customer to buy a product. The admin and the user should register into this website to buy a product. This web page is deal with selling product through online. Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy product or services from a seller in real-time, without an intermediary service, over the Internet. This project is an attempt to bring out our extra curricular activities of student . It helps buying the products in the shop anywhere through internet by using an android devices. The central concept of this website is to allow the customer to shop virtually using the internet and allow customers to buy the items and articles of their desire from the store. The information pertaining to the product are stores on database. The objective of this project to develop a general purpose website, where products like plants can be bought from the comfort of home through the Internet. In this website, where customers can browse the catalog and select products of interest. The selected items may be collected in a shopping cart. At the time of placing order , the items in the shopping cart will be presented as an order. The customer can confirm their product
Decreasing the Screen Time on Social Media using Time Limitations
Authors: Prof. Himanshu Taiwade  , Aman Yerwarkar  , Gaurav Sewatkar  , Mayur Mandape  , Milind Patle  , Sagar Koli
Published: June 2022

Overgrown technology spoils audiences with current features, such as social networking, which is a component of today's technical advancements. In recent years, social networking applications have had a significant impact on individuals' health and most of them are students. Many platforms include elements that encourage people to share their impressive routines on these networks. One of the issues that arise as a result of abuse and inadequate use is the rising rate of depression. In addition, Excessive screen time has become a major issue as digital technology has advanced. As a result, researchers and practitioners have turned their attention to digital well-being. The purpose of this study is to reduce the screen time for we proposed the possible approach.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru TK di Kecamatan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Indriasih Aini , Haryati Yuli , Khasanah Dian Ratu Ayu Uswatun , Ismartoyo Ismartoyo , Hariyono Mohamad
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeeing the reality that is happening in the community, it is still found that the implementation of children's education is not in accordance with the characteristics of child development. This is due to the limited understanding of managers and teachers about child development. Armed with an awareness of the importance of early childhood education, lecturers at UPBJJ UT Semarang conducted a Training on Developing Learning Media for Kindergarten/PAUD Teachers in Limbangan District, Kendal Regency to meet the needs of early childhood education services in PAUD institutions that are in accordance with the characteristics and characteristics of early childhood education. child development while increasing teacher competence. Stages of activity: 1) site survey/permit, 2) theoretical training 3) practical training and 4) monitoring and evaluation. The results of monitoring by giving questionnaires to participants obtained the following results: feeling happy with this PkM activity, interesting material, easy to do, and easy to get material, useful for student teachers. Abstrak Melihat realita yang terjadi di masyarakat, masih ditemukan penyelenggaraan pendidikan anak yang belum sesuai dengan karakteristik perkembangan anak.   Hal ini dikarenakan pemahaman yang terbatas dari pengelola maupun pengajar tentang perkembangan anak. Berbekal dengan kesadaran akan arti pentingnya pendidikan anak usia dini,  maka dosen di UPBJJ UT Semarang melakukan Pelatihan Mengembangkan Media Pembelajaran Bagi Guru TK/PAUD se Kecamatan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal   guna memenuhi kebutuhan layanan pendidikan anak usia dini di lembaga-lembaga PAUD yang sesuai dengan karakteristik dan perkembangan anak sekaligus meningkatkan kompetensi guru.  Tahapan kegiatan: 1) survei lokasi/perijinan, 2) Pelatihan secara teori 3) pelatihan secara praktek dan 4) monitoring dan evaluasi.   Hasil monitoring  dengan memberikan kuesioner pada peserta diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: merasa senang dengan kegiatan PkM ini,  materi menarik, mudah dilakukan, dan bahan mudah di dapatkan, bermanfaat bagi guru siswa.Kata Kunci: pelatihan pembuatan media, Alat Peraga Edukatif, TK/PAUD
Kontribusi Kesadaran Spiritual dengan Kebahagian Tenaga Kependidikan di Lembaga Pendidikan
Authors: Yuzarion Yuzarion , Prasetya Ahmad Fajar , Mujidin Mujidin , Kardo Rici , Dianto Mori
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of spiritual awareness to happiness. This study uses an exploratory method with a quantitative approach. A total of 196 subjects participating in this study were obtained using simple random sampling technique. The data collection uses a spiritual awareness scale and a happiness scale. Hypothesis testing using statistical analysis method of correlation. The results of this study concluded that there is a positive and significant contribution of spiritual awareness to employee happiness. The spiritual awareness that is built strongly in employees will be a driving factor in creating true happiness.
Konseling Karir Life Design untuk Meningkatkan Career Adaptability Siswa
Authors: Prasetya Agung , Fatma Hawinda Widya , Awalya Awalya , Purwanto Edy
Published: June 2022

This study aims to obtain empirical data and ensure the effectiveness of life design career counseling techniques on students' career adaptability abilities. The research design used is a true experimental research design with a sample of 24 students selected using random assignment techniques. Data collection using the Career Adapt-Ability Scale (CAAS) instrument which was adapted through a counseling assessment translation procedure. The hypothesis analysis technique used the T-Test and One Way ANOVA method with 95% probability which was analyzed using SPSS Statistic version 26 software. The results showed that life design career counseling was able to improve students' career adaptability. The conclusion is that life design career counseling is effective in increasing students' career adaptability.
Comparative study on Toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein 7, peroxiredoxin 1 and 3 based on bioinformatic analysis tools
Authors: Fereig Ragab M. , Abdelbaky Hanan H.
Published: June 2022

Toxoplasmosis remains a devastating protozoan disease induced by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) that induces extreme hazards in both medical and veterinary fields. Our previous studies revealed the high immunogenicity and antigenicity of T. gondii peroxiredoxin (TgPrx) 1, 3, and TgGRA7. Herein, the comparison of TgPrx1, TgPrx3, and TgGRA7 was conducted using bioinformatics analysis tools. In this computational comparison, the physico-chemical, morphometric, immunogenic, and antigenic properties were analyzed. Analyses of complete coding sequences showed the probability of signal peptides and transmembrane domains only in the case of TgGRA7. NetPhos server-based prediction revealed 23, 11, and 39 phosphorylation sites in TgGRA7, TgPrx1, and TgPrx3 proteins, respectively. The secondary structure of TgGRA7, TgPrx1, and TgPrx3 proteins were analyzed by PSIPRED servers. The percentage of the random coil and alpha-helix amino acids was higher in TgGRA7 (99.15%), followed by TgPrx3 (85.87%) and TgPrx1 (77.55%). The antigenic epitopes of the protein were predicted by analyzing the features of the IEDB server. The linear B-cell epitope regions prediction of TgGRA7 showed the maximum estimated length (118 amino acid residues). In addition, antigenicity and hydrophilicity index showed similar tendencies among the three tested proteins, TgGRA7, TgPrx1, and TgPrx3. Thus, the current computational analyses represented TgGRA7, TgPrx1, and TgPrx3 proteins as efficient diagnostic and vaccine candidates suggesting further research and assessments. Additional validation of bioinformatic analysis tools in predicting potent diagnostic and vaccine antigens will greatly contribute to the success of control policies against T. gondii and other infectious agents.
Historic Coastal Morphological Landscape Characterization & Assessment (HCMLC&A) to Understand the Coastal Evolution in the State of Kuwait
Authors: Baby S.
Published: June 2022

The Arabian Gulf has seen a lot of coastal development along its shores since the discovery of oil and rise in oil based economy. Kuwait too, for the last five decades (from 1960s), has seen a tremendous alteration of the coastal morphological landscape (CML) from what existed 50 years ago. The study shows that the physiognomy of the coastal landscape created by geological, geomorphologic, biological factors and coastal process was greatly shaped by oil based development. This tremendous change in coastal edge from natural morphology to build up morphology was brought about due to coastal migration, construction, private and public establishments, landscaping, coastal fronts, man-made beaches, ports, marine facilities for petroleum industries, power stations, distillation plants, coastal defensive structures, beach houses, structures of hospitality, etc. Remarkably it is interesting to note that till 2011 certain zone of coast in Kuwait showed priority in encroaching and occupying more than any other parts. These coastal areas have reached to a saturation level thus tempting and forcing humans to invade the virgin coastal areas which were untouched earlier. These limited natural coastal resource areas in Kuwait hold high significance values. The Master Plan of Kuwait show promising coastal land use but it does not seem to protect significantly the valuable natural CML of Kuwait which is seen in this study. Historic Coastal Morphological Landscape Characterization & Assessment (HCMLC&A) represent a new way of historically characterizing the landscape and understanding the coastal evolution.
Sources of Concentric Gravity Waves Generated by a Moving Mesoscale Convective System in Southern Brazil
Authors: Nyassor Prosper Kwamla , Wrasse Cristiano Max , Paulino Igo , São Sabbas Eliah F. M. T. , Bageston José Valentine , Naccarato Kleber Pinheiro , Gobbi Delano , Figueiredo Cosme Alexandre Oliveira Barros , Ayorinde Toyese Tunde , Takahashi Hisao , Barros Diego
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The studies on the sources of three concentric gravity waves (CGWs) excited by a moving Mesoscale Convective System (MCS) on the night of October 1 – 2, 2019 are investigated. These CGWs were observed using an OH all-sky imager whereas the MCS were observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES). Using 2D spectral analysis, we observed that the CGWs have horizontal wavelength λH ∼30 – 55 km, phase speed cH ∼70 – 90 m/s, and period τ ∼7 – 12 min. By backward ray tracing we found that two of the waves were excited from convective cores within the MCS. We also found that the epicenters of the CGWs were close to the tropopause positions of the ray traced paths as well as the nearby convective cores. Regarding the source, we verified that on this night the cold-point tropopause (CPT) was ∼-80 °C, which was ∼10 °C cooler than CPT on the days preceding and after the MCS, and also colder than usually observed. Since the tropopause height and temperature are fundamental parameters underlying the analysis of the overshooting extent, we developed our own methodology to establish a reference tropopause that would enable a quantitative estimate of this parameter. Since the MCS (CGWs source) was moving, the overshooting convective cores were tracked in space and time. Finally, we found that two out of the three CGWs were excited by the MCS whereas the source of the remaining one was found not to be directly associated with the MCS.
Different physicochemical behaviors of nitrate and ammonium during transport: a case study on Mt. Hua, China
Authors: Wu Can , Cao Cong , Li Jianjun , Lv Shaojun , Li Jin , Liu Xiaodi , Zhang Si , Liu Shijie , Zhang Fan , Meng Jingjing , Wang Gehui
Published: June 2022

Abstract. To understand the chemical evolution of aerosols in the transport process, the chemistry of PM2.5 and nitrogen isotope compositions on the mountainside of Mt. Hua (~1120 m a.s.l.) in inland China during the 2016 summertime were investigated and compared with parallel observations collected at surface sampling site (~400 m a.s.l.). PM2.5 exhibited a high level at the surface (aver. 76.0±44.1 μg/m3) and could be transported aloft by anabatic valley winds, leading to the gradual accumulation of daytime PM2.5 with a noon peak at the mountainside sampling site. As the predominant ion species, sulfate exhibited nearly identical mass concentrations in both sites, but its PM2.5 mass fraction was moderately enhanced by ~4 % at the higher elevation. The ammonium variations were similar to the sulfate variations, the chemical forms of both of which mainly existed as ammonium bisulfate (NH4HSO4) and ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) at the lower and higher elevations, respectively. Unlike sulfate and ammonium, nitrate mainly existed as ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) in fine particles and exhibited decreasing mass concentration and proportion trends with increasing elevation. This finding was ascribed to NH4NO3 volatilization, in which gaseous HNO3 from semi-volatile NH4NO3 subsequently reacted with dust particles to form nonvolatile salts, resulting in significant nitrate shifts from fine particles into coarse particles. Such scavenging of fine-particle nitrate led to an enrichment in the daytime 15N of nitrate at the mountainside site compared with to the lower-elevation site. In contrast to nitrate, at the higher elevation, the 15N in ammonium depleted during the daytime. Considering the lack of any significant change in ammonia sources during the vertical transport process, this 15N depletion in ammonium was mainly the result of unidirectional reactions, indicating that additional ammonia would partition into particulate phases and further neutralize HSO4- to form SO42-. This process would reduce the aerosol acidity, with a higher pH (3.4±2.2) at MS site and lower ones (2.9±2.0) at MF site. Our work provides more insight into physicochemical behaviors of semi-volatile nitrate and ammonium, which will facilitate the improvement in model for a better simulation of aerosol composition and properties.
Current and future prediction of inter-provincial transport of ambient PM2.5 in China
Authors: Wang Shansi , Li Siwei , Xing Jia , Ding Yu , Hu Senlin , Liu Shuchang , Qin Yu , Dong Zhaoxin , Dong Jiaxin , Song Ge , Dong Lechao
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Regional transport is as much important as local sources that contributing to PM2.5 pollution and causing associated environmental inequality. In the context of future climate change, the effect of the responses of regional transport to the warming meteorology has not been thoroughly investigated. Here we establish cross-province PM2.5 source-receptor matrix in China in 2015 and two climate pathways in 2050s (SSP585 and SSP126), using Community Multi-scale Air Quality model embedded with the Integrated Source Apportionment Method. Results suggest that across-regional transport contributes 27 % - 56.8 % of PM2.5 in five severely polluted regions, which is even more important compared to inner transport within the target region (13.2 % - 20.9 %), especially in Chuanyu and Fenwei regions where suffers large PM2.5 transport (over 50 %) from outside regions. Such results imply that joint-control policy should not only focus on neighboring provinces. Future warming scenario (SSP585) will exacerbate PM2.5 pollution (2 - 5 µg/m3) and also enhance its regional transport (> 3 %) mostly by modulating the across-regional transport rather than inner regional transport. Such enhancement of regional transport of PM2.5 can be significantly weaken (approximately by half) under SSP126 pathway, demonstrating the importance of climate change mitigation on weakening the regional transport of PM2.5 to maximize the co-benefits in both air quality and climate.
Northern midlatitude baseline ozone: Long-Term changes and the COVID-19 impact
Authors: Parrish David D. , Derwent Richard G. , Faloona Ian C. , Mims Charles A.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. A non-linear change in baseline ozone concentrations at northern midlatitudes has been quantified over preceding decades. During the past few years several studies, using linear trend analyses, report relatively small trends over selected time periods – results inconsistent with the earlier developed picture. We show that reported COVID-19 related ozone changes in the background troposphere based on the linear analysis are significantly larger than those derived considering recent long-term decreases in background ozone, which the linear trend analyses do not quantify. We further point out that the extensive loss of lower stratospheric ozone in the unprecedented 2020 springtime Arctic stratospheric ozone depletion event likely reduced the natural source to the troposphere rendering the background anomalously low that year. Consideration of these two issues indicates that the COVID-19 restrictions had a much smaller impact on background tropospheric ozone in 2020 than previously reported. A consensus understanding of baseline ozone changes and their causes is important for formulating policies to improve ozone air quality; cooperative, international emission control efforts aimed at continuing or even accelerating the ongoing decrease in in hemisphere-wide background ozone concentrations may be the most effective approach to further reducing urban and rural ozone in the more developed northern midlatitude countries, as well as improving ozone air quality in all countries within these latitudes. Analysis of baseline ozone measurements over several years following the COVID-19 impact is expected to provide a firm basis for resolving the inconsistencies between the two views of long-term northern midlatitude ozone changes and better quantifying the COVID-19 impact.
Measurement report: Effects of anthropogenic emissions and environmental factors on the formation of biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) in a coastal city of southeastern China
Authors: Hong Youwei , Xu Xinbei , Liao Dan , Liu Taotao , Ji Xiaoting , Xu Ke , Liao Chunyang , Wang Ting , Lin Chunshui , Chen Jinsheng
Published: June 2022

Abstract. To better understand the formation of biogenic secondary organic aerosol
(BSOA), aerosol samples with a 4 h time resolution were collected during
summer and winter in the southeast of China, along with online
measurements of trace gases, aerosol chemical compositions, and
meteorological parameters. The samples were analyzed by gas
chromatography–mass spectrometry for PM2.5-bound secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracers, including
isoprene (SOAI), α/β-pinene (SOAM), β-caryophyllene (SOAC), and toluene (ASOA). The average concentrations
of total SOA tracers in winter and summer were 38.8 and 111.9 ng m−3,
respectively, with the predominance of SOAM (70.1 % and 45.8 %),
followed by SOAI (14.0 % and 45.6 %), ASOA (11.0 % and 6.2 %)
and SOAC (4.9 % and 2.3 %). Compared to those in winter, the
majority of BSOA tracers in summer showed significant positive correlations
with Ox (O3+NO2) (r = 0.443–0.808), HONO (r = 0.299–0.601), ultraviolet (UV) (r = 0.382–0.588) and temperature (T) (r = 0.529–0.852), indicating the influence of photochemical oxidation under
relatively clean conditions. However, in winter, BSOA tracers were
significantly correlated with PM2.5 (r = 0.407–0.867),
NO3- (r = 0.416–0.884), SO42- (r = 0.419–0.813), and NH3 (r = 0.440–0.757), attributed to the
contributions of anthropogenic emissions. Major BSOA tracers in both seasons
were linearly correlated with aerosol acidity (pH) (r = 0.421–0.752),
liquid water content (LWC) (r = 0.403–0.876) and SO42- (r = 0.419–0.813). The results indicated that acid-catalyzed reactive uptake
onto sulfate aerosol particles enhanced the formation of BSOA. In summer,
the clean air mass originated from the ocean, and chlorine depletion was
observed. We also found that concentrations of the total SOA tracers were
correlated with HCl (R2=0.545) and chlorine ions (r = 0.280–0.639) in PM2.5, reflecting the contribution of Cl-initiated volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidations to the formation of SOA. In winter, the northeast dominant wind
direction brought continental polluted air mass to the monitoring site,
affecting the transformation of BSOA tracers. This implied that
anthropogenic emissions, atmospheric oxidation capacity and halogen
chemistry have significant effects on the formation of BSOA in the southeast
coastal area.
An all-sky camera image classification method using cloud cover features
Authors: Li Xiaotong , Wang Baozhu , Qiu Bo , Wu Chao
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The all-sky camera (ASC) images can reflect the local
cloud cover information, and the cloud cover is one of the first factors
considered for astronomical observatory site selection. Therefore, the
realization of automatic classification of the ASC images plays an important
role in astronomical observatory site selection. In this paper, three cloud
cover features are proposed for the TMT (Thirty Meter Telescope)
classification criteria, namely cloud weight, cloud area ratio and cloud
dispersion. After the features are quantified, four classifiers are used to
recognize the classes of the images. Four classes of ASC images are
identified: “clear”, “inner”, “outer” and “covered”. The proposed
method is evaluated on a large dataset, which contains 5000 ASC images taken
by an all-sky camera located in Xinjiang (38.19∘ N,
74.53∘ E). In the end, the method achieves an accuracy
of 96.58 % and F1_score of 96.24 % by a random forest
(RF) classifier, which greatly improves the efficiency of automatic
processing of the ASC images.
Controlling factors on the global distribution of a representative marine non-cyanobacterial diazotroph phylotype (Gamma A)
Authors: Shao Zhibo , Luo Ya-Wei
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs may be contributors to global
marine N2 fixation, although the factors controlling their distribution
are unclear. Here, we explored what controls the distribution of the most
sampled non-cyanobacterial diazotroph phylotype, Gamma A, in the global
ocean. First, we represented Gamma A abundance by its nifH quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) copies reported
in the literature and analyzed its relationship to climatological biological
and environmental conditions. There was a positive correlation between the
Gamma A abundance and local net primary production (NPP), and the maximal
observed Gamma A abundance increased with NPP and became saturated when NPP
reached ∼ 400 mg C m−2 d−1. Additionally, an
analysis using a multivariate generalized additive model (GAM) revealed that
the Gamma A abundance increased with light intensity but decreased with
increasing iron concentration. The GAM also showed a weak but significant
positive relationship between Gamma A abundance and silicate concentration,
as well as a substantial elevation of Gamma A abundance when the nitrate
concentration was very high (≳ 10 µM). Using
the GAM, these climatological factors together explained 43 % of the
variance in the Gamma A abundance. Second, in addition to the climatological
background, we found that Gamma A abundance was elevated in mesoscale
cyclonic eddies in high-productivity (climatological NPP > 400 mg m−2 d−1) regions, implying that Gamma A can respond to mesoscale
features and benefit from nutrient inputs. Overall, our results suggest that
Gamma A tends to inhabit ocean environments with high productivity and low
iron concentrations and therefore provide insight into the niche
differentiation of Gamma A from cyanobacterial diazotrophs, which are
generally most active in oligotrophic ocean regions and need a sufficient
iron supply, although both groups prefer well-lit surface waters. More
sampling on Gamma A and other non-cyanobacterial diazotroph phylotypes is
needed to reveal the controlling mechanisms of heterotrophic N2 fixation in the ocean.
Effects of topographic and meteorological parameters on the surface area loss of ice aprons in the Mont Blanc massif (European Alps)
Authors: Kaushik Suvrat , Ravanel Ludovic , Magnin Florence , Yan Yajing , Trouve Emmanuel , Cusicanqui Diego
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Ice aprons (IAs) are part of the critical components of the Alpine cryosphere. As a result of the changing climate over the past few decades, deglaciation has resulted in a surface decrease of IAs, which has not yet been documented out of a few specific examples. In this study, we quantify the effects of climate change on IAs since the mid-20th Century in the Mont-Blanc massif (western European Alps). We then evaluate the role of climate forcing parameters and the local topography in the behaviour of IAs. For this, we precisely mapped the surface areas of 200 IAs using high-resolution aerial and satellite photographs from 1952, 2001, 2012 and 2019. From the latter inventory, the surface area of the present individual IAs ranges from 0.001 to 0.04 km2. IAs have lost their surface area over the past 70 years, with an alarming increase since the early 2000s. The total area, from 7.93 km2 in 1952, was reduced to 5.91 km2 in 2001 (-25.5 %) before collapsing to 4.21 km2 in 2019 (-47 % since 1952). We performed a regression analysis using temperature and precipitation proxies to understand better the effects of climate forcing parameters on IA surface area variations. We found a strong correlation between both proxies and the relative area loss of IAs, indicating the significant influence of the changing climate on the evolution of IAs. We also evaluated the role of the local topographic factors in the IAs area loss. At a regional scale, factors like direct solar radiation and elevation have an important influence on the behaviour of IAs, while others like curvature, slope, and size of the IAs seem to be rather important on a local scale.
Improving interpretation of sea-level projections through a machine-learning-based local explanation approach
Authors: Rohmer Jeremy , Thieblemont Remi , Le Cozannet Goneri , Goelzer Heiko , Durand Gael
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Process-based projections of the sea-level contribution from land ice components are often obtained from simulations using a complex chain of numerical models. Because of their importance in supporting the decision-making process for coastal risk assessment and adaptation, improving the interpretability of these projections is of great interest. To this end, we adopt the local attribution approach developed in the machine learning community by combining the game-theoretic approach known as ‘SHAP’ (SHapley Additive exPlanation) with machine-learning regression models. We apply our methodology to a subset of the multi-model ensemble study of the future contribution of the Greenland ice sheet to sea-level, taking into account different modelling choices related to (1) the numerical implementation, (2) the initial conditions, and (3) the modelling of ice-sheet processes. This allows us to quantify the influence of particular modelling decisions, which is directly expressed in terms of sea level change contribution. This type of diagnosis can be performed on any member of the ensemble, and we show in the Greenland case how the aggregation of the local attribution analyses can help guide future model development as well as scientific interpretation, particularly with regard to spatial model resolution and to retreat parametrisation.
Stochastic analysis of cone penetration tests in snow
Authors: Lin Pyei Phyo , Peinke Isabel , Hagenmuller Pascal , Wächter Matthias , Rahimi Tabar M. Reza , Peinke Joachim
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Cone penetration tests have long been used to characterize the snowpack stratigraphy. With the development of sophisticated digital penetrometers such as the Snow MicroPenetrometer, vertical profiles of snow hardness can now be measured at a spatial resolution of a few microns. At this high vertical resolution and by using small penetrometer tips, more and more details of the penetration process get resolved, leading to much more stochastic signals. An accurate interpretation of these signals regarding snow characteristics requires employing advanced data analysis. Here, the failure of ice connections and the pushing aside of separated snow grains during cone penetration lead to a combination of a) diffusive noise, as in Brownian motion, and b) jumpy noise, as proposed by previous dedicated inversion methods. The determination of the Kramers-Moyal coefficients allows differentiating between diffusive and jumpy behaviors and determining the functional resistance dependencies of these stochastic contributions. We show how different snow types can be characterized by this combination of highly-resolved measurements and data analysis methods. In particular, we show that denser snow structures exhibited a more collective diffusive behavior supposedly related to the pushing aside of separated snow grains. On lighter structures with larger pore space, the measured hardness profile appeared to be characterized by stronger jump noise probably related to breaking single cohesive bonds. The proposed methodology provides new insights into the characterization of the snowpack stratigraphy with cone penetration tests.
The role of trustworthiness in automated decision-making systems and the law
Authors:   , Li Wenda
Published: June 2022

This thesis considers the role of trustworthiness in automated decision-making systems (ADS) spanning across data collection, modelling, analysis and decision output in different legal contexts. Through an updated model of trustworthiness, it argues that existing legal norms and principles for administering construction contracts and the impact of automation on these contracts provide fertile ground to inform the governance of algorithmic systems in smart cities. The thesis finds that trustworthy, benevolent ADS requires a specific form of transparency that operates through mutual vulnerability in the trusting relationship, and seams in the automated decision-making process where human discretion is exercised.
Pre-service teachers' beliefs and intended practices around the promotion of reading for pleasure among primary children
Authors:   , Pink Elizabeth I.
Published: June 2022

This thesis describes a mixed-method study exploring early childhood and primary pre-service teachers’ self-reported beliefs about the importance of reading for pleasure in the early years of school, as well as the benefits and challenges they expect to experience in implementing reading for pleasure pedagogies in the classroom. The results of the study provide evidence to inform further research and have implications regarding potential improvements in early school reading instruction and pre-service teacher education.