bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Factors Influencing Fatigue of Postpartum Mothers
Authors: Astuti Yuni , Indriastuti Nur Azizah
Published: June 2021

Background: Postpartum mothers are likely to experience physical and psychological changes. A new role as a parent provides new tasks for mothers in baby care. Most postpartum mothers experience fatigue after labor. Postpartum fatigue is affected by the baby and family. This study aims to identify factors associated with postpartum fatigue.Method: A cross-sectional study was designed. The sample in this research was 102 postpartum mothers who lived with her family in Bantul Yogyakarta. They were taken by using simple random sampling. The data were collected through the Postpartum Fatigue Scale (PFS), infant characteristic questionnaire (ICQ), and social support questionnaire. Factors associated with postpartum fatigue were analyzed using multiple logistic regressions.Results: Most of the respondents had a moderate level of fatigue (48%). Social support was found significant as the determinant factor of postpartum mother (AOR=4,38, 95% CI 1,709 – 11,256, p= 0,002).Conclusion: Respondents with a low social support level showed a significantly higher level of postpartum fatigue than respondents with good social support. It is essential to assist the family in helping mothers in infant care and postpartum care in the postpartum period. The factor associated with postpartum fatigue included infant temperament and family income.
The Relationship among Parenting Style, Self-Regulation, and Smartphone Addiction Proneness in Indonesian Junior High School Students
Authors: Fatkuriyah Lailil , Sun-Mi Chae
Published: June 2021

Background: Smartphone addiction leads to physical, psychological, and social consequences for users, particularly for adolescent users, as psychological development is still in the process of maturation. Individual and family characteristics are shown to contribute to shaping adolescent’s behavior related to smartphone usage. Specifically, perceived parenting style and self-regulation have been reported as significant factors influencing smartphone addiction among adolescents.Objective: This study aims to identify the relationship among parenting style, self-regulation, and smartphone addiction proneness in Indonesian junior high school students.Method: This study used a cross-sectional, descriptive study design. Data collection took place in five public junior high schools in Jember from the 7th of January to the 8th of February, 2019. The total sample of this study was 158, purposively asked to fill out three questionnaires: Parental Authority Questionnaire, Self-Regulation Questionnaire, and Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale. Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to test the relationship between two variables.Result: The differences in smartphone addiction proneness between the risk group and non-risk group were significant depending on gender (p=0.004), daily smartphone usage time (p=0.025), and purpose of smartphone usage (p=0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between self-regulation and smartphone addiction proneness (r= -0.448, p=0.001).Conclusion: The current study found that 11.4% of junior high school students in Jember-Indonesia were categorized into risk groups for smartphone addiction. Gender, daily smartphone usage time, and purpose of smartphone usage showed significant differences between the risk group and the non-risk group. However, there was no difference in the parenting style of the mother between the two groups. Self-regulation showed a significant association with smartphone addiction.
The Correlation Between Being Informed on Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Its Reported Use Among Cancer Patients in Yogyakarta
Authors: Sari Ike Wuri Winahyu , Rukmi Dwi Kartika
Published: June 2021

Background: Previous studies have indicated that the majority of cancer patients have used self-selected Complementary and Alternative Medicine to relieve disease-related symptoms and treatment-related adverse effects untreated by conventional treatment to improve the quality of life. Unfortunately, studies on Complementary and Alternative Medicine use among cancer patients, especially in Yogyakarta, the city with the highest cancer prevalence in Indonesia, are still limited.Objective: This present study aims to identify the correlation between being informed on Complementary and Alternative Medicine and its reported use among cancer patients.Methods: This study was a descriptive correlational study on 75 consenting cancer patients. The respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data about their Complementary and Alternative Medicine use were collected by administered questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis.Results: 25.3% of respondents had used Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Being informed on Complementary and Alternative Medicine and its reported use among cancer patients were significantly correlated (r=0.331; p=0.002).Conclusion: Complementary and Alternative Medicine use among cancer patients was still limited. Health providers need to discuss Complementary and Alternative Medicine use with their patients openly.
Ononin induces cell apoptosis and reduces inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes by alleviating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Meng Yue , Ji Jian , Xiao Xiao , Li Minghan , Niu Shangbo , He Youhua , Tong Guojun , Pan Chenglong
Published: June 2021

As a kind of chronic inflammatory diseases, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a low cure rate and easy recurrence. It has widely reported that abnormal activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways are associated with the development of RA inflammation. Blocking the inflammatory signaling pathways of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) can delay the development of RA. Ononin is a natural isoflavone glycoside and plays a key role in modulating inflammation related signaling pathways. However, whether Ononin exerts anti-inflammatory effects on RA inflammation remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of Ononin on RA by establishing a tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)-induced RA-FLS cell model. Our data confirmed that Ononin could alleviate TNF-α-induced RA-FLS and MH7A cells viability, increase cell apoptosis, decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), and further inhibit the abnormal activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Our results suggested that Ononin could be a potential therapeutic agent for RA.
Explicating the Experience of Beginner Vocational Teachers
Authors: Kholifah Nur , Sofyan Herminarto , Pardjono Pardjono , Sudira Putu , Nurtanto Muhammad
Published: June 2021

The limitations of teachers in vocational schools have been discussed and debated. This situation is contrary to professional teachers and teacher quality. Thus, vocational school administrators have to have standards to become vocational teachers. The experience of novice teachers is constructed to provide several information and input to vocational education providers. Qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach was carried out. A total of 11 vocational teachers who are beginners in their careers (1-3 years of teaching) were selected to be participants. Open coding and axial coding were used in data analysis. The findings in the study that teachers' experiences are identified in four aspects, namely understanding, activities, problems, and the use of technology in their work. The important finding is that increasing the age of work experience increases social and professional competence and the age of beginner vocational teachers to have better technology closeness.
SATISFAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DO ENFERMEIRO NO AMBIENTE DA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Lessa dos Santos Emilenny , Pereira da Silva Cícera Eugênia , Melo de Oliveira Janine , Farias Barros Viviane , Da Silva Barros Romão Cyndi Myrelle , Dos Santos Josefa Jadiane , Barbosa da Silva Mariana
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: analisar a concepção do enfermeiro  acerca da  satisfação profissional no âmbito da unidade de terapia intensiva. Metodologia: estudo  analítico de abordagem qualitativa, realizado em um hospital  universitário do estado de Sergipe. A coleta de dados foi realizada em outubro  de 2020, através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com enfermeiros do setor de unidade de terapia intensiva geral, os dados foram analisados mediante Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: dos depoimentos emergiram as seguintes categorias: o trabalho do enfermeiro nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva; fatores que interferem na satisfação profissional do enfermeiro no âmbito da UTI e a relação do enfermeiro com a satisfação profissional no ambiente de terapia intensiva durante a pandemia Covid-19.  Conclusão: na concepção dos enfermeiros da UTI, a satisfação profissional é um aspecto importante no seu ambiente de trabalho e pode influenciar na prestação da assistência ofertada aos pacientes.
A Comparative Crossover Randomized Study of Miller and Macintosh Blade for Laryngoscopic View and Ease of Intubating Conditions in Adults
Authors: Bheemanna Nalini Kadirehally , Gopal Anupama , Shankar Iyer Sadasivan , Mungasuvalli Chanappa Nagaraj
Published: June 2021

Background: Although several types of laryngoscope blades of different sizes and shapes are present, Miller (MIL) blade is the most preferable blade among paediatric population. However, there is dearth in the literature regarding the use of these blades in the adult population. This study aimed to compare the laryngoscopic view and ease of intubation using MIL and Macintosh (MAC) blade among adults.
Methods: A total of 172 patients who were >18 years age, with ASA grades I and II, undergoing elective surgeries with general anaesthesia were included. Patients were distributed in two groups (MAC/MIL and MIL/MAC), where laryngoscopy was first done with MAC blade, followed by MIL blade in the MAC/MIL group and vice-versa in the MIL/MAC group. Grading of laryngoscopic views, number of attempts, ease of intubation and use of backward, upward, rightward pressure (BURP) were noted. R v 3.6.0 was used for statistical analysis and P values≤0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
Results: MIL blade showed better laryngoscopic view compared to MAC blade (32.6% vs. 15.1%; P< 0.002). BURP application helped improve the laryngoscopic views with MAC blade. Intubation with MIL blade was easier with regards to ease of intubation and number of attempts 19 (P value<0.05).
Conclusion: Glottis visualization is better with the MIL blade as compared to the MAC blade. Therefore, the MIL blade might be helpful in securing the airway among adult patients.
Triple-Blinded Randomized Study to Evaluate the Effect of Acetaminophen and Morphine Sulfate on Pain Relief in MI-patients
Authors: Bakhshaei Mohammad Hossein , Homayounfar Shahram , Roozbahani Behzad , Malekpour Melika , Farhadian Maryam
Published: June 2021

Background: Myocardial infarction is considered to be the most common symptom of cardiovascular diseases. Regarding the limitation of access to Morphine sulphate as a special drug and complications followed, this study aims to compare the treatment effects of intravenous acetaminophen and morphine sulphate on the reduction of pain in MI patients and to improve the cardiac performance.
Methods: The present study is a triple-blind randomized control trial in which 70 patients were divided into two separated groups and the pain was measured using Visual Analogue Scale. All analysis was done using SPSS Software at the significance level of 5 percent.
Results: 42 patients were male (60%) of whom 20 were in case group and 22 in control group. There were no significant difference between intervention group and control group in terms of VAS score (p = 0.520). The index change of VAS over the time was statistically significant (p=0.001) in intervention and control groups (intra group change). The results of variance analysis with repeated measurements showed that mean differences of Ejection Fraction over time in both groups of intervention and control was not statistically significant (p=0.28).
Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that although Acetaminophen does not have an improved effect on pain control and cardiac performance than Morphine sulphate, it can be still an appropriate alternative for Morphine sulfate due to the lack of destructive effects and its availability.
Evaluation of Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure in Intubated Patients in Emergency Department, Operating Rooms, and Icus of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex in 2018; A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Orandi Amirhossein , Mireskandari Seyed Mohammad , Samadi Shahram , Eftekhar Negar , Mohammadi Mostafa , Aminizadeh Mehdi
Published: June 2021

Background: Establishing and maintaining a secure airway using a cuffed endotracheal tube (ETT) is an important step in management of intubated patients. Out-of-range ETT cuff pressure is associated with various complications which could lengthen the hospital stay. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate ETT cuff pressure in intubated patients in the emergency department (ED), operating rooms (ORs), and Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex (IKHC), Tehran, Iran.
Methods: The ETT cuff pressure of 153 patients was measured using a standard manometer. Demographic data and duration of intubation were recorded. The data were analysed using the SPSS software version 16. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: The ETT cuff pressure exceeded the recommended range in 125 out of 153 patients (81.7%). The mean cuff pressure (67.29 cmH2O) was significantly higher than the recommended range (p<0.001). The cuff pressure was higher in patients in the ORs compared to patients in the ED and ICU (OR=8.46, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Intubation in the OR can be considered a risk factor for higher-than-normal ETT cuff pressure and subsequent complications. The ETT cuff pressure monitoring by means of a manometer is recommended.
Effects of High and Normal Dose Fluid Therapy on Nausea and Vomiting after Pediatric Tonsillectomy: A Comparative Study
Authors: Nikooseresht Mahshid , Hajian Pouran , Shafiian Mahshid , Moradi Abbas
Published: June 2021

Background: Nausea, vomiting, and postoperative pain are common and undesirable complications after anesthesia and tonsillectomy surgery especially in children. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of high and normal dose lactated Ringer infusion on nausea, vomiting, and pain intensity after pediatric tonsillectomy.
Methods: A total number of 100 tonsillectomy surgery candidates at the age range of 1-12 years were selected for this randomized clinical trial. The subjects were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group after signing of their informed consent. The intervention group received high-dose fluid therapy (lactated Ringer 30cc/kg) and the control group received the normal dose (lactated Ringer 10cc/kg) during the perioperative period. The amounts of consumed adjuvant antiemetic drugs, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and pain severity were evaluated in both groups in the recovery room, at 12 and 24 hours after tonsillectomy.
Results: The incidence of nausea and vomiting and the use of rescue antiemetic drugs in the intervention group compared to the control group, were always lower in the recovery room, 12 and 24 hours after surgery; but only the difference in incidence of nausea and vomiting at 24 hours after surgery was statistically significant (P = 0.027).
Conclusion: High-dose fluid therapy significantly reduces the late incidence (24 hours after surgery) of post- tonsillectomy nausea and vomiting in children.
Conscious Sedation for Endoscopic Procedure: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hussain Khan Zahid , Shnan Al-fadhili Fadhaa
Published: June 2021

Background: Sedation has a beneficial impact on patient’s tolerance to the endoscopic procedure. Conscious sedation is the anesthetic techniques of choice for endoscopic procedure. Conscious sedation for endoscopic procedure could be with one drug or a combination of drugs. There have been broad variations in sedation procedure between different countries, and even between different units within the same country. All drugs which depress the central nervous system have the ability to produce respiratory or cardiovascular complications. Endoscopy has a recorded mortality of 1 in 2000 and a morbidity rate of 1 in 200. These sedation techniques have their effects on patients.
The main goal of this study is to describe the effects of conscious sedation on patients' outcome for endoscopic procedure.
Methods: The design for this study was a review of literature in the medical databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane and hand search journals from conferences in English. All studies that evaluated the use of CS for endoscopic procedure were included.
Results: The results showed that the pain level of the patient (visual analogue scale) was substantially positive when conscious sedation was used. Conscious sedation, however is a lightly sedated patient who is conscious, amnesic, co-operative on demand and free from fear and anxiety. It is often used during endoscopic procedures to minimize discomfort and relax the patients. The intraoperative hypotension has also been extreme in some medications relative to others.
Conclusion: The study revealed that CS is reliable and well tolerated anesthetic technique for endoscopic procedures, and is a better option for elective endoscopic procedures
CS benefits for endoscopisit and patient outcome is superior to GA such as; short recovery times, less analgesia requirement, comfortable for patient which in turn, leads to faster induction, faster endoscopy, faster discharge, and faster turnaround time. Patients are usually willing to go home after a couple of hours. Rapid recovery is a benefit not only for patients, but also for hospital and day surgery departments. This increases the overall performance of the endoscopy unit.
Percheron’s Occlusion: Difficulty of Clinical Diagnosis about One Case in the Teaching Hospital of Cocody (Abidjan-RCI)
Authors: Paterne Mobio Nkan Michael , Marie-Cecile Enyegue Olama , Klinna Theodore Coulibaly , Chacke Maria Bekoin Abhe , Kouamouo Wilfried Njomo , Abdoulaye Ouattara , Yavo Denis Tetchi
Published: June 2021

Ischemic strokes have varying etiologies and multiple locations. Some locations are much rarer than others and just as difficult to diagnose. This is the case of the ischemic bi-thalamic stroke, attributable to the Percheron artery occlusion that we report in a 33-year-old woman with a history of taking estrogen-progestin. The lesion diagnosis could only be possible thanks to the performance of brain MRI, thus testifying to the diagnostic difficulties observed. Etiological research has shown dyslipidemia. The length of stay was 88 days. At the end of intensive care, the patient was conscious, not deficient and did not present memory disorders.
Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis with Coexisting Secondary Hypoparathyroidism: Case Report for Clinical Education
Authors: Zeraati Mohammad Reza , Torkmandi Hojjat , Ghahremani Zahra , Abdi Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a rare and infrequent condition in pregnant women. Hemorrhagic infarction can occur in early stages of cerebral venous thrombosis. This article reports a rare case of cerebral transverse sinus thrombosis presenting in pregnant women with unidentified secondary hypoparathyroidism, highlighting the difficulties in identifying this rare case from common diagnosis like preeclampsia. According to the differential diagnoses for this case, it can be a good exercise to strengthen clinical reasoning in students and medical teachers to improve the quality of clinical education.
Difficulty Weaning off Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Patient Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement and Concomitant CABG Surgery
Authors: Tarbiat Masoud , Bakhshaei Mohammad Hossein
Published: June 2021

The article's abstract is no available.
Challenging Times of Pandemic- Is COVID shelter a Solution?
Authors: Gupta Bhavna , Kumar Ajit , Adabala Vijay
Published: June 2021

The article's abstract is no available.
Management of Bronchial Hydatid Cyst with Endobronchial Intubation along with Patient Positioning and Bougie: A New Approach
Authors: Kumar Tripathy Debendra , Sharma Sameer , Shajahan Mohammed Shafiq , Uniyal Madhur
Published: June 2021

The article's abstract is no available.
Molecular Investigation of the Human Adenovirus in Retinoblastoma Patients
Authors: Tabibzadeh Alireza , Naseripour Masood , Karbalaie Niya Mohammad Hadi , Javanmard Davod , Esghaei Maryam
Published: June 2021

Background and Aims: Retinoblastoma tumors are the most common intraocular malignancy in childhood, leading to death after two years. The Human Adenovirus (HAdV) infection could be critical in the retinoblastoma pathogenesis due to the virus and retinoblastoma 1 interactions. The objective of the current study was to investigate the possible presence of the HAdV genome in the retinoblastoma patient's tumors.
Materials and Methods: In this study, we evaluated the HAdV infection in 96 pathological confirmed retinoblastoma samples. The DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks, and the virus infection was assessed using polymerase chain reaction. SPSS version 22 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The mean age ± SD of the retinoblastoma patients was 28.89 ± 17 months. In addition, the demographic evaluation indicated that 43 (46.7%) of patients were female. The retinoblastoma laterality assessment indicates 87 (90.4%) unilateral and 9 (9.4%) bilateral tumors. Growth pattern analysis indicates endophytic 58 (77.3%), exophytic 8 (10.7%), and 9 (12%) of tumors with mix endophytic and exophytic patterns. The polymerase chain reaction results could not found any evidence of HAdV infection in all 96 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples.
Conclusions: The study results suggest that there is not any association between HAdV infection and retinoblastoma tumors in studied samples. The HAdV infection may not a concern in retinoblastoma pathogenesis. Further investigations are recommended in this field of study.
The impact of BMI, Smoking, Family History and Ala 119 Ser (rs1056827) Polymorphism of CYP1B1*2 Genes with Susceptibility to Prostate Cancer among Iranian Men
Authors: Salmanzade Jamile , Tahmasebi Fard Zahra , Deilami khiabani Zahra
Published: June 2021

Background and Aims: The genes involved in detoxification and the elimination of toxic metabolites have a vital role in cancer pathogenesis. Also, there is evidence that higher amounts of body fat are associated with increased risks of several cancers. The current study aims to identify the relationship of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, family history, and polymorphism rs1056827 of CYP1B1 with prostate cancer.
Materials and Methods: A total of 103 patients and 103 healthy men as control groups were enrolled in the current study. The DNAs were extracted using the salting-out method after venesection, and the genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 using X2 statistical tests and logistic regression.
Results: The results showed a significant association between the study groups regarding age, BMI, and family history of the disease (p = 0.024, p = 4.08⨯10-4, and p = 3.58⨯10-19, respectively). Investigation of genetic models except to additive model showed a significant relationship between TT (Ser/Ser) genotype and prostate cancer. It also showed a strong association between this genotype with BMI and family history.
Conclusion: The current study results showed that the carriers of the TT genotype with a high BMI have a higher chance of developing prostate cancer. Further studies in this area will provide stronger results.
Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Hepatic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Arjmand Sareh , Barzegar Aram , Mohammadpour Alemeh , Rezaei Hanieh , Davoodian Nahid , Ghaneialvar Hori , Malekfar Rasoul , Sahebghadam Lotfi Abbas
Published: June 2021

Background and Aims: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a preferred cell source for the generation of hepatocyte-like cells in regenerative medicine. They can be isolated from different sources, including adipose tissues. The Raman spectroscopy approach was evaluated for quick and efficient identification of MSCs differentiation status and a broader perspective on cell differentiation.
Materials and Methods: The human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) were differentiated toward hepatocyte-like cells using a well-established method. The cells were cultured on fluorescence-free quartz discs, and the efficiency of differentiation was examined using molecular and biochemical methods. The Raman spectra were recorded at days 1, 7, 14, and 21 of differentiation, and HepG2 was used as a positive control.
Results: The changes in Raman spectra were detected during the sequential stages of differentiation, and the pattern of peaks on the last day of differentiation was remarkably similar to the positive control (HepG2).
Conclusion: Raman spectroscopy showed considerable potential to characterize hepatic differentiation.
Vitamin D Status in Jiroft City Population, South of Iran, 2015-2019
Authors: Kamali Mohadeseh , Shariati Mohammad , Taheri Sarvtin Mehdi
Published: June 2021

Background and Aims: Vitamin D plays an important role in bone health, cardiovascular health, brain development, immune system regulation, mood regulation, and cancer prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the vitamin D status and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Jiroft city, Kerman Province, south of Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 5243 people were selected by random sampling during 2015-2019.  Serum 25 (OH) D level was measured by VIDAS 25-OH vitamin D total testing kits. Levels used for definitions were deficient, D3 < 20 ng/ml; insufficient, D3 20-30 ng/ml; adequate, D3 30-100 ng/ml, and potential toxicity, >100 ng/ml.  
Results: The mean of vitamin D was 26.03 ng/ml and 24.19 ng/ml in men and women, respectively (p=0.003). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 41.55% and 51.7% in men and women, respectively. A significant relationship was seen between age and level of vitamin D (p=0.001).
Conclusions: The results of our study showed that vitamin D deficiency is common among the general population, especially in women in Jiroft city, Kerman Province, south of Iran. Serious plans are needed to improve the status of vitamin D in the people living in this region.
Soluble Expression and Purification of Q59L Mutant L-asparaginase in the Presence of Chaperones in SHuffle™ T7 strain
Authors: Biglari Goliloo Elham , Tollabi Abdolnabi , Zarei Jaliani Hossein
Published: June 2021

Background and Aims: Q59L mutant of L-asparaginase enzyme from Escherichia coli (E. coli) has been introduced with lower side effects. This version of the enzyme might have potential applications in the treatment of leukemia patients. We utilized SHuffle T7 strain of E. coli, to produce the mutant enzyme in the presence of chaperone molecules.
Materials and Methods: Q59LAsp gene was cloned into pET28a expression vector, and two strains of E. coli (BL21 DE3 and SHuffle T7 strains) were used to produce recombinant protein. In parallel, PG-Tf2 plasmid was cloned into the same strains, and the effect of trigger factor chaperone and groELS chaperonines was studied. The his-tagged recombinant protein was expressed and purified using nickel affinity chromatography. The amount of recombinant protein which is produced in each condition was determined and compared.
Results: The amount of soluble recombinant protein was enhanced in the presence of chaperones in both strains of E. coli. SHuffle T7 strain produced more soluble recombinant protein in the soluble state than BL21 DE3 strain. So the best condition for the production of soluble recombinant Q59L mutant protein was the use of PG-Tf2 plasmid in the SHuffle T7 strain.
Conclusion: Application of the new strain SHuffle T7, with chaperones simultaneously showed better results in the production of Q59L mutant version of L-Asparaginase.
A Study on the Presence of Aflatoxin M1 in Cow’s Milk in Jiroft
Authors: Kamali Mohadeseh , Seyyedi Seyyedeh Sedigheh , Taheri Sarvtin Mehdi
Published: June 2021

Background and Aims: Cow's milk is a daily staple food for many individuals that can be contaminated with many toxins such as aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). AFM1 is a chemical form of the aflatoxin B1 produced by some species of Aspergillus genus like A. ochraceus, A. flavus, A. nomius, and A. parasiticus that can contaminate feed and forage cattle. This toxin enters into the milk after eating contaminated feed by cows. AFM1 can cause various dangerous diseases such as cancer and immune deficiency in humans. The present study is aimed to investigate the level of AFM1 in cow's milk in Jiroft, Kerman Province, Iran.
Materials and Methods: A total of 90 cow’s milk samples were collected in spring and summer 2019 from available stores in Jiroft city. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure AFM1 in all cow’s milk samples.Results: In the present study, AFM1 was found in 88 (97.8%) milk samples with a range of 0.2-90.62 ppt (mean, 20.07±24.46 ppt). AFM1 concentrations exceeded 50 ppt (maximum tolerance level of AFM1 in the European Union) was seen in 12 (13.3%) samples.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed the presence of AFM1 in cow's milk in Jiroft city. So, in this region, many people are exposed to dangerous diseases such as cancer due to the consumption of milk contaminated with AFM1.
Single and Multiobjective optimal control of epidemic models involving vaccination and treatment
Authors: Sridhar Lakshmi N.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: A rigorous multiobjective optimal control strategy (that does not require the use of weighting functions) of the epidemic models that consider vaccination and treatment strategies is presented. Modifications of the standard susceptible-infectious-removed, susceptible-exposed-infectious-removed, and the modified susceptible-infectious-removed models are dynamically optimized to minimize the number of infected individuals while, controlling the rate at which the individuals are vaccinated and treated.
Method:The optimization program, Pyomo , where the differential equations are automatically converted to a Nonlinear Program using the orthogonal collocation method is used for performing the dynamic optimization calculations. The Lagrange-Radau quadrature with three collocation points and 10 finite elements are chosen. The resulting nonlinear optimization problem was solved using the solver BARON 19.3, accessed through the Pyomo-GAMS27.2 interface.
Results: The computational results how that the multiobjective optimal control profiles generated by this strategy are very similar to those produced when weighting functions are used.
Conclusion: The main conclusion of this work is to demonstrate that one can perform a rigorous dynamic optimization of epidemic models without the use of weighting functions that have the potential to produce some uncertainty and doubt in the results, in addition to dealing with unnecessary additional variables.
The Development of a COVID-19 STEM Module Based on the Inquiry Approach for Early Childhood Education
Authors: Said Noraini , Ompok Connie Cassy , Missie Phreoza Dayzency
Published: June 2021

Many scholars have agreed that early childhood is a crucial stage in terms of a child’s physical, intellectual, emotional and social development. Therefore, it is imperative for all stakeholders to ensure good quality early childhood education for our future generations by promoting essential skills and content, especially in preparing children to cope and live with the new norms after COVID-19 struck worldwide. In this design-based study, we report on the development of a COVID-19 STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) module specifically targeted for early childhood education based on the first three phases of the ADDIE (Branch, 2009) instructional model: Analyze, Design and Development. In the Analyze phase, we conducted a needs analysis by involving parents, teachers and children, and document analyses of teaching documents and standards. In the Design phase, we performed task inventory and composed performance objectives by incorporating multiple themes of the inquiry approach, COVID-19, STEM and moral reasoning. In the Develop phase, we generated content, developed supporting strategies, and conducted formative revisions. 10 lesson units were produced by focusing on COVID-19 essentials such as self-hygiene and preventative measures. STEM themes are mainly highlighted by the scientific experiments that the children carry out during lessons. All activities planned are inquiry-based to ensure better understanding of the topic. Moral reasoning is also embedded into all units by highlighting the moral values. It is hoped that the COVID-19 STEM module will better prepare our future generations through the combination of all four main themes.
Keywords: COVID-19, early childhood education, STEM, ADDIE instructional design, inquiry-based
The Importance of Design Elements in Special Education of Individuals with Autism and Learning Disabilities
Authors: Serin Efecan , Novica Dimas Rifqi , Hidayat Ima Kusumawati
Published: June 2021

This study examines the fundamental relationship between design and special education. The paper presents a literature review on autism learning difficulties and special education, including the scope of sensors, training, accessibilities, learning methods and requirements, and their connection with design needs. According to the study, the benefits of using specially designed elements in special education can contribute to the student’s learning and perception processes. A further recommendation is to develop more research in educational materials specially designed according to an individual’s design needs in reading, acquiring essential life skills, and communication.
Keywords: Autism, design, special education
Malaysian and Indonesian Batik: The Best Practices
Authors: Bin Silah Sumardianshah , Isa Badrul , Ponimin . , Karyono Tri
Published: June 2021

Malaysian artisans continue to produce crafts and visual art based on a well-tried formula: an inherited framework determined by tradition. However, new ideas and expressions are constantly being developed—with the only real limit being the imagination of the artist/craftsman. Batik sits uniquely in Indonesian culture as it has been declared by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) as its cultural heritage and has been awarded ‘Best Practice’ in its education and production of batik (Kepres, 2009). Indonesia also celebrates its National Batik Day on October 2nd every year. The word batik in Malaysia generally describes the process of decorating cloth using the block printing (cap) or hand-drawn (canting) techniques, or a combination of both. The method of dyeing and coloring varies with the use of materials of various textures, such as cotton, silk, rayon and organza. It may also be identified by the range of traditional designs and motifs used. Batik has become a symbol of national pride and a form of attire for all races. Batik is ingrained in Malaysian culture. Indonesia is aggressive in its efforts in promoting batik as a national identity. The love for batik is instilled through batik-related subjects offered at primary and secondary school levels. In Malaysia, education about batik is introduced at the secondary level.
Keywords: Malaysian and Indonesian batik, best practices
Implementation of Chinese Folklore Virtual Content Using an Expert System
Authors: Sunarti . , Widyatmoko Tiksno , Rizman . , Bukhori Herri Akhmad , Wahyono Irawan Dwi
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased use of information technology in all community activities, especially in the field of education. One technology used for learning is the virtual laboratory with online learning media. The use of virtual laboratories in Revolution 4.0 was very effective, especially in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Usually, virtual laboratories do not provide feedback to users, especially on how to develop their skills. This study developed a virtual laboratory with personalized Chinese folklore content using artificial intelligence. The ability and willingness of the user are processed by artificial intelligence to determine the model, media and material that the user wants. When tested, this virtual laboratory’s personalization methods obtained an accuracy value of 89.2% according to the users.
Keywords: virtual content, Chinese folklore, expert system
Development of a Cultural-Based Application at Kampoeng Heritage Kajoetangan as a Learning Media for Tourists
Authors: Sidyawati Lisa , Sayono Joko , Anggriani Swastika Dhesti , Lukmanul Khakim Moch. Nurfahrul , Bin Ali Jati Kusuma
Published: June 2021

Kampoeng Heritage Kajoetangan is an area located in the heart of Malang City. 60 preserved heritage buildings are still occupied by the community to this day. Kampoeng Heritage Kajoetangan is a common thread in the history of the struggle of the Indonesian nation and the history of the city of Malang, which has many assets that must be preserved and explained to tourists. This study’s researchers developed an application entitled KAMPOENG HERITAGE KAJOETANGAN as a medium of learning about the culture in this village, including historical information, knowledge systems, language, systems and technology equipment, and art, livelihood, religious and social systems. This application was developed following the Borg & Gall development model which was simplified into 4 steps given the time restrictions, namely: Research and Data Collection, Planning, Product Draft Development, and Final Product Completion. The visualization of illustrations, fonts, colors, and music featured in this product have an Indische nuance, making it easier for tourists to learn and foster an aesthetic experience like going back in time.
Keywords: interactive multimedia, culture, Kampoeng Heritage Kajoetangan, education, tourists
The Transmission Flow of Pottery in Malang as the Representation of Art Education
Authors: Iriaji . , Rochbeind Fenny , Rahmanto Kelik Desta , Bin Husain Abdul Halim
Published: June 2021

This research aimed to analyze the flow of transmission for pottery skills in three centers of pottery in Malang: Penanggungan. Glanggang and Pagelaran Village. A qualitative approach was used through the phenomenology research design. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews and observations, and studied references. After the data were collected, they were reduced, presented, and verified. Triangulation was carried out to determine the validity of the data. Data were analyzed using the interactive model. This research produced two flows of pottery transmission. In the first flow, traditional pottery craftsmen in Malang transmit the traditional pottery skills from parents to their biological children; however, in the development, it can be transmitted to the wife/husband and/or to the child in law. In the second flow, creative pottery skills in Malang are transmitted from instructors to craftsmen through education and training; however, not all craftsmen who complete the education and training will always be a creative craftsman. The picture of flow of transmission for the pottery represents the implementation of arts education in the society.
Keywords: flow of transmission, Malang pottery, representation of arts education
The Beauty of Malay Woodcarving Motif Ornamentation
Authors: Bin Silah Sumardianshah , Ponimin . , Taswadi . , Ambarwati Dwi Retno Sri
Published: June 2021

Woodcarving art has been bequeathed throughout the generations until present time and is a hidden heritage gem. The aim of this research was to interpret the motif of Malay woodcarving ornamentation. This was done by scrutinizing the golden proportion in the structural design of Malay woodcarving and elucidating the Malay aesthetic elements and fundamental principles of the new motif design in contemporary artwork. This research revolved around a master carver who with his own eccentric style incorporates the Malay aesthetic elements and principles into his work. In order to understand the intricate motifs of woodcarving artwork, it is vital to look at the structural motifs. Referring to Malay Arts such as Nakula, Abdullah Mohamed and Awan Larat Philosophy, each motif interpretation has its own distinctive meaning. This can serve as a guideline for any associated artwork fields, especially for an artist to create a new design by implementing depth and meaning into the whole artwork, while keeping the distinct Malay identity.
Keywords: motif, Malay woodcarving, meaning
Dance Learning Strategy Using a Web-Based Course for Blended Learning
Authors: Rahayuningtyas Wida , Ratnawati Ike , Wisesa Agnisa Maulani , Ihsan Andi
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the dance education process in Indonesia. Teachers of dance are required to be more innovative in designing learning so that the expected learning objectives can be achieved especially skill-based learning. Malang regional dance is a practical subject in the dance and music study program at the university level. It requires an online learning strategy since it was previously always taught face-to-face. The purpose of this research was to develop a dance learning strategy, especially for the Malang regional dance subject, based on blended learning that is used by students of the dance and music education study program. The blended learning model used is the web course model, in which learners and educators are completely separate and face-to-face is not required. All teaching materials, discussions, consultations, assignments and exams are entirely conducted via the internet. This research can be categorized as research and development (R&D). The steps conducted were preliminary research, planning, developing media or production, and media evaluation. The web course model developed for the Malang regional dance course includes 3 stages: (1) seeking information about the learning objectives and directing students to search and collect references about Malang regional dance online; (2) acquisition of information about Malang regional dances that can be studied by students so that students are able to communicate again; and (3) synthesizing knowledge evaluating the material presented in the second stage.
Keywords: learning strategies, blended learning, web courses, dance
Animated Film Visual Style Preferences of Elementary School Students in Malang Regency
Authors: Sutrisno Arif
Published: June 2021

In 2013 curriculum-based learning, the availability of learning media is still lacking. Indonesian children like to watch animated films and tend to remember the characters easily. They are also emotionally involved in animated films. Animated films can influence behavior and improve learning outcomes for children, so they are a suitable learning media. To make animation learning media requires studying the visual styles of animated films favored by children, especially elementary school students in Malang Regency. Quantitative and descriptive analyses were used in this study. The results showed that students like animated films that contain heroic actions. In addition, students like the realist-imaginative drawing style for characters and visual composition in animated films.
Keywords: visual style, animated film, learning media
The Aesthetics of the Hanoman Character in the Performing Arts of the Indonesia-Thailand Ramayana Stories
Authors: Hidajat Robby , Pujiyanto . , Hartono . , Afaf Hasyimy Muhammad , Wulandari Sri , Ramadani Nur
Published: June 2021

This article explains the aesthetics of the Hanoman character in the performing arts of the Indonesia-Thailand Ramayana stories. Ramayana stories are written by Valmiki from India, and Hanoman is described as a “white monkey” in these stories. Indonesia and Thailand are two states in Southeast Asia where the characters in the Ramayana stories undergo the so-called adaptation process. Hanoman is one of the characters. Therefore, the objective of this research was to describe the aesthetics of the Hanoman character in the context of performing arts. Qualitative descriptive methods were used. Data were collected through interviews with key informants and observations of Ramayana legacies in Indonesia and Thailand. The results show that the aesthetics of the Hanoman character are created from the image of local wisdom that is influenced by the spiritual mentality of Hinduism.
Keywords: adaptation process, performing arts, spiritual mentality
The Role of Instructional Design for COVID-19 Quarantine Patients in Semarang
Authors: Prastomo Agustinus Dicky
Published: June 2021

In 2020, COVID-19 spread around the world, negatively impacting patients, medical teams and volunteers, causing death, and paralyzing the social economy. The purpose of this research was to describe the role of instructional design by our visual communication design department. This department created supportive social community programs to help patients, the medical team and the volunteers. This supportive program was given to a group of patients in June-July 2020 who were quarantined and monitored by the medical team and volunteers in the Semarang Mayor’s Office, Central Java, Indonesia. The designer created a distance between the medical team and volunteers and the patients through online communication technology. Offline activities that brought joy and pleasure included making fruit salad step by step. By following the tutorials, these activities could benefit others and support medical teams who work in the field in high-risk situations with strict health protocols.
Keywords: COVID-19, instructional design, visual communication designer, medical team, patients
Cultural Transformation of Farmers and Cycle Panji in the Puppet Krucil
Authors: Irawanto Rudi
Published: June 2021

The farmer cultural system is based on tillage and planting cycles. The patterns produced from system tillage and planting cycles then form a system of civilization based on the future of the garden or tillage. The agrarian ecological system inspired cultural expression that is manifested in a variety of cultural activities. One of the cultural poducts of farmers is the stories of the wayang Krucil, who were involved in the Panji cycle. Krucil puppet art shows are cultural performances that are creative and reflect the spirit of the times. Panji stories in the puppet Krucil can be described by their constituent structures. Cultural farmers are very dependent on the presence of the sun and water, so the sun and water symbols are very dominant. The structure of peasant culture can be demonstrated by a reciprocal relationship between humans, the sun, water and air. Symbols can transform into various forms. The transformed symbols of the sun and water can be found in the model of the stage, the structure of the story, and the depiction of the characters in the puppet Krucil. Agrarian society has always had mechanisms to develop their culture, including developing cultural patterns that are different from the maritime community.
Keywords: farmer culture, pennant cycle, puppet Krucil