bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas públicas como tecnologías de gubernamentalidad: una propuesta investigativa a partir del estudio de la lucha anticorrupción
Authors: Arenas Hernández Sandra Lucía , Alzate Pérez Velmar David
Published: June 2019

El artículo analiza la manera como se replantea la relación entre administración pública e investigación en políticas públicas al concebir estas últimas como tecnologías de gubernamentalidad. Como argumento central se afirma que las políticas públicas están ins­critas por mediaciones técnicas y sus efectos, en el orden de la gubernamentalidad, son a su vez tecnologías que afectan la manera como se conciben el campo de las políticas públicas, el Estado, la administración pública y la socie­dad. Se procede en términos metodológicos y de resultados a partir del proyecto de investiga­ción denominado “Corrupción y lucha contra la corrupción en Colombia. Análisis de caso”. Por último, se concluye que la investigación en políticas públicas como tecnologías de guber­namentalidad debe partir de poner en tensión los postulados epistémicos y ontológicos de lo que se ha concebido, desde las interpretaciones clásicas, como la administración pública y la relación Estado/sociedad.
El analista en el desarrollo de capacidades políticas de los gobiernos para las políticas públicas
Authors: Murcia Jonathan Alejandro
Published: June 2019

Una pregunta central de los estudios de políticas públicas ha sido ¿quién es y qué hace el analista de políticas? La literatura general­mente aborda asuntos como las diferencias epistemológicas entre analistas racionalistas y pospositivistas, tipos de analistas, habilidades y herramientas metodológicas de los analistas, entre otros aspectos. A pesar de toda esta pro­ducción académica, hoy nos seguimos hacien­do esta pregunta, ya que las políticas cambian y los roles de los analistas también. Este artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el apor­te del analista de políticas en la asesoría para el desarrollo de cuatro tipos de capacidades políticas de los gobiernos en el marco de las políticas públicas: persuasión, deliberación, negociación y colaboración. Sobre cada capa­cidad se analiza el perfil del analista, el tipo de asesoría, el objetivo de cada capacidad política, las herramientas e instancias para la asesoría, las fuentes de la teoría, las relaciones interdiscipli­nares necesarias, y, finalmente, algunos riesgos de la asesoría que el analista debe evitar.
El “ciclo de las políticas” en la enseñanza de las políticas públicas
Authors: Arias de la Mora Roberto
Published: June 2019

En homenaje al Dr. Luis F. Aguilar Villa­nueva, en el presente artículo se recupera, de la experiencia docente desarrollada por más de 20 años, un texto escrito por el autor con el propósito de introducir a sus alumnos al estu­dio de las políticas públicas. El texto hace un particular énfasis en los enfoques que destacan la función argumentativa del análisis de políti­cas públicas y se organiza en cuatro apartados. Primero, se hace una breve descripción sobre los orígenes y el desarrollo de la disciplina de las políticas públicas en sus dos orientaciones fundamentales: el conocimiento de y el co­nocimiento en el proceso de gestión pública. Segundo, se presenta una caracterización del proceso de gestión pública en tanto proceso de formulación de políticas, en la que se introdu­cen algunos conceptos clave que conforman hoy el conocimiento de la disciplina dedicada al análisis de políticas públicas y en la que la noción del ciclo de las políticas es empleada como una de las principales herramientas heu­rísticas en la enseñanza de las políticas públicas. Tercero, se introduce una breve discusión sobre la relevancia de los medios de comunicación y la función de la comunicación política –acorde con la función argumentativa antes referida– para construir el espacio común o público del ejercicio político, definido en tanto espacio de interacción entre múltiples actores, en el que la comunicación juega un papel fundamental, con el propósito de ilustrar la orientación alter­nativa sobre el conocimiento en el proceso de gestión pública. Cuarto, se reflexiona sobre el rol del “ciclo de las políticas” en la enseñanza de las políticas públicas y la relevancia tanto de la teoría como de la práctica profesional para enriquecer la labor docente.
PERKEMBANGAN OBLIGASI SYARIAH (SUKUK) DI INDONESIA
Authors: - Muhammad Habibullah Aminy,Laili Hurriati
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini berjudul Perkembangan Obligasi Syariah (Sukuk) Di Indonesia). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Perkembangan Obligasi Syariah (Sukuk) di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Negara yang pertama kali menerbitkan sukuk adalah Malaysia, dimana sukuk corporat pertama diterbitkan pada tahun 1990. Sedangkan untuk sukuk Negara, Bahrain merupakan yang pertama kali menerbitkannya, yaitu pada tahun 2001. Di Indonesia, sukuk yang banyak digunakan adalah sukuk ijarah dan mudharabah. PT. Indosat, Tbk. merupakan perusahaan pertama yang mengeluarkan sukuk korporat pada tahun 2002
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK KOMERSIAL PADA PAKAN TERHADAP LAJU PERTUMBUHAN DAN EFISIENSI PAKAN UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Anwar Syaiful , Arief Muhammad , Agustono Agustono
Published: June 2019

Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan suatu komoditas yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia. Dari tahun ke tahun permintaan udang vaname akan terus meningkat. Salah satu cara untuk memenuhi kebutuhan permintaan udang vaname adalah peningkatan produksi dengan mempercepat pertumbuhan ikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian probiotik komersial pada pakan terhadap pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan udang vaname. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental, yakni dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Udang vaname dipelihara selama 35 hari dengan sepuluh perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan Uji Berjarak Duncan bila didapatkan hasil yang berbeda nyata. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian probiotik pada pakan menghasilkan laju pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan yang berbeda nyata (p<0,05). Pertumbuhan udang vaname (Litopenaeus Vannamei) yang terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan P9 sebesar 1,41 ± 0,08. Efisiensi pakan tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P9 sebesar 48,80 ± 1,23.
INFESTASI Argulus PADA IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio, L.) DI DASAR KOLAM TANAH DAN BETON, KECAMATAN MUNTILAN DAN MUNGKID, KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Authors: Juniarsih Arika , Mahasri Gunanti , Kismiyati Kismiyati
Published: June 2019

Usaha budidaya ikan air tawar di Indonesia merupakan salah satu sektor usaha perikanan yang sangat potensial, salah satu usaha budidaya ikan air tawar yang mudah dan ekonomis dikembangkan adalah budidaya ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio, L.). Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi dalam usaha budidaya ikan adalah munculnya serangan penyakit yang dapat menyebabkan menurunnya tingkat produksi ikan. Penyakit pada ikan dapat disebabkan oleh agen infeksi seperti parasit, bakteri, jamur, dan virus, serta agen non infeksi seperti kualitas pakan yang buruk dan kondisi lingkungan yang tidak sesuai dengan kehidupan ikan. Parasit adalah organisme yang hidup pada tubuh organisme lain dan menimbulkan kerugian pada inangnya. Salah satu jenis parasit yang umum menginfestasi budidaya ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio, L.) adalah parasit Argulus, yang merupakan salah satu ektoparasit obligat dari kelas Branchiura. Parasit ini menginfestasi ikan pada bagian sirip, permukaan tubuh, dan insang. Faktor penting yang perlu diperhatikan dalam usaha budidaya ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio, L.) adalah penyediaan lingkungan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan ikan, kolam merupakan tempat tinggal untuk ikan, sehingga proses pembuatan kolam harus diperhatikan. Dasar kolam dalam budidaya terdapat dua dasar kolam yaitu dasar kolam tanah dan beton. Dasar kolam tanah merupakan dasar kolam yang terbuat dari tanah, tanah yang baik digunakan adalah jenis tanah lempung dan tidak berporos, karena jenis tanah tersebut dapat menahan air dalam jumlah besar. Dasar kolam beton merupakan dasar kolam yang terbuat dari semen, keuntungan dari dasar kolam ini adalah tidak mudah terkikis oleh air.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KUALITAS AIR DENGAN PREVALENSI ENDOPARASIT PADA SALURAN PENCERNAAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) DI KERAMBA JARING APUNG PROGRAM URBAN FARMING DI KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Pradana Dandi , Kusdarwati Rahayu , Sudarno Sudarno
Published: June 2019

Aspergillus terreus adalah jamur yang menyebabkan penyakit aspergillosis. Ikan yang terinfeksi menunjukkan bercak putih abu-abu di atas tubuh. Perdarahan ulkus diamati pada insang dan kulit. Infeksi menyebabkan kematian ikan. Penggunaan bahan kimia untuk mengendalikan serangan jamur dapat membahayakan ikan, lingkungan dan manusia yang memakannya. Penggunaan tanaman obat merupakan cara yang aman untuk menghambat dan membunuh pertumbuhan jamur serta ramah lingkungan. Salah satunya yaitu menggunakan ekstrak bawang putih (Allium sativum). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui konsentrasi minimum ekstrak bawang putih sebagai antijamur terhadap pertumbuhan Aspergillus terreus in vitro. Percobaan dilakukan di Balai Karantina Juanda Kelas I Surabaya pada bulan Juni - Juli 2015. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode difusi cakram kertas. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan ekstrak bawang putih konsentrasi 50% sampai 90% tidak menghasilkan zona bening di sekitar kertas, hal itu sama dengan kontrol negatif. Pada konsentrasi 100% tidak menunjukkan jamur tumbuh pada medium Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Ini sama dengan kontrol positif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa daun kemangi tidak menunjukkan aktivitas antijamur dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus terreus.
PENGARUH KOMBINASI BIOFILTER Glacilaria sp. DAN ZEOLIT TERHADAP LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (Pb) PADA MEDIA AIR LAUT
Authors: Affandi Akhmad Syafroni , Rahardja Boedi Setya , Suprapto Hari
Published: June 2019

Logam berat yang terdapat di lingkungan dapat berbahaya bagi makhluk hidup. Logam berat yang sering mencemari lingkungan terutama adalah merkuri (Hg), timbal (Pb), arsenik (As), kadmium (Cd), khromium (Cr) dan nikel (Ni). Logam berat tersebut di dalam tubuh suatu individu dapat menggumpal dan tetap tinggal dalam tubuh dalam waktu yang lama sebagai racun yang terakumulasi. Dampak akut logam berat timbal atau plumbism dengan gejala utama meliputi kram perut, gagal ginjal, kemandulan hingga kerusakan otak permanen. Timbal juga merupakan faktor utama terjadinya gejala hiperaktif, penyimpangan tingkah laku dan kesulitan belajar pada anak – anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi Gracilaria sp. dan zeolit terhadap konsentrasi logam berat timbal (Pb). Parameter utama pada penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi logam berat timbal, dan parameter pendukungnya adalah pH, suhu, dan salinitas. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA untuk melihat apakah terdapat perbedaan pada tiap perlakuan dan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan untuk melihat perlakuan terbaik dalam penurunan konsentrasi logam berat timbal Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa kombinasi biofilter Gracilaria sp. dan zeolit berpengaruh sangat signifikan terhadap penurunan konsentrasi logam berat timbal (p<0,01). Kombinasi biofilter Gracilaria sp. dan zeolit memiliki pengaruh yang sangat signifikan terhadap penurunan konsentrasi Pb. Penurunan konsentrasi Pb oleh kombinasi biofilter Gracilaria sp. dan zeolit ini tercatat memiliki kisaran nilai 0,05 hingga 0,26 ppm. Perlakuan terbaik dalam menurunkan konsentrasi Pb tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P2-B (50 gram Glacilaria sp. dan 10 gram zeolit). Perlakuan ini mampu mengeliminasi konsentrasi Pb dalam media air sampai dengan rata rata 0,86% dalam waktu 28 hari.
TEKNIK PEMBESARAN UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) PADA TAMBAK PENDAMPINGAN PT CENTRAL PROTEINA PRIMA Tbk DI DESA RANDUTATAH, KECAMATAN PAITON, PROBOLINGGO, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Ghufron Muhammad , Lamid Mirni , Sari Putri Desi Wulan , Suprapto Hari
Published: June 2019

Udang vaname merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Produktivitas dari komoditas ini dapat mencapai lebih dari 13.600 kg/ha dengan permintaan yang selalu meningkat di kalangan masyarakat. Praktek Kerja Lapang (PKL) ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pengetahuan dan pengalaman mengenai teknik pembesaran udang vaname. Praktek Kerja Lapang dilaksanakan di tambak pendampingan PT Central Proteina Prima Tbk pada tanggal 20 Januari sampai 21 Februari 2017. Lokasi tambak tersebut yaitu di Desa Randutatah, Kecamatan Paiton, Probolinggo, Jawa Timur. Metode kerja yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif. Metode tersebut meliputi wawancara, pengamatan, dan partisipasi aktif selama proses kegiatan pembesaran udang vaname. Data yang terkumpul terdiri atas data primer dan sekunder. Data primer berupa pertumbuhan udang vaname, kualitas air, serta pemberian pakan selama proses budidaya. Sedangkan data sekunder berupa hasil studi data literatur mengenai teknis pembesaran udang vaname. Selain itu, data sekunder juga bisa diambil berdasarkan dokumen pendukung mengenai sejarah berdirinya, struktur organisasi, sarana dan prasarana budidaya. Kegiatan pembesaran udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) selama pelaksanaan Praktek Kerja Lapang meliputi persiapan tambak, penebaran benur, manajemen pakan dan kualitas air, pengendalian hama dan penyakit, pemanenan, dan pemasaran.
Further Proofs for the 1-Photon PathEntanglement Communications Scheme
Authors: Cornwall Remi
Published: June 2019

The author had previously set out devices to communicate over space-like intervals, with a full proof for the 2‑photon device and only a partial proof for the 1-photon device. The 2-photon device exploits entangled pairs; the 1-photon device utilises path-entanglement. The 1-photon device is fully analysed, then similarities (and differences) are drawn to the 2-photon device to show the holes in the No-communications Theorem: the creation operators representing the sum of paths through the device can be mapped outside the device and quantum state reduction/measurement is a space-like operation. A common misconception on faux rank-3 systems made from rank-2 components is elucidated, avoiding the criticism and null result obtained by naively taking the partial trace.
Narrowing the Gap Between Publication and Access: Is a Mandate Enough to Get Us Closer?
Authors: Borges Maria Manuel , Tavares Lopes António
Published: June 2019

Changes brought about by the Internet to Scholarly Communication and the spread of Open Access movement, have made it possible to increase the number of potential readers of published research dramatically. This two-phase study aims, at first, to assert the satisfaction of the potential for increased open access to articles published by authors at the University of Coimbra, in a context when there was no stimulus for the openness of published science other than an institutional mandate set by the University policy on Open Access (“Acesso Livre”). The satisfaction of the access openness was measured by observing the actual archiving behavior of researchers (either directly or through their agents). We started by selecting the top journal titles used to publish the STEM research of the University of Coimbra (2004-2013) by using Thomson Reuters’ Science Citation Index (SCI). These titles were available at the University libraries or through online subscriptions, some of them in open access (21%). By checking the journals' policy at the time regarding self-archiving at the SHERPA/RoMEO service, we found that the percentage of articles in Open Access (OA) could rise to 80% if deposited at Estudo Geral, the Institutional Repository of the University of Coimbra, as prescribed by the Open Access Policy of the University. As we concluded by verifying the deposit status of every single paper of researchers of the University that published in those journals, this potential was far from being fulfilled, despite the existence of the institutional mandate and favorable editorial conditions. We concluded, therefore, that an institutional mandate was not sufficient by itself to fully implement an open access policy and to close the gap between publication and access. The second phase of the study, to follow, will rescan the status of published papers in a context where the Portuguese public funding agency, the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, introduced in 2014 a new significant stimulus for open access in science. The FCT Open Access Policy stipulates that publicly funded published research must be available as soon as possible in a repository of the Portuguese network of scientific repositories, RCAAP, which integrates the Estudo Geral.
Bioactive Substances in Trees and Shrubs of Central Europe
Authors: Szwajkowska-Michalek Lidia , Przybylska-Balcerek Anna , Rogoziński Tomasz , Stuper-Szablewska Kinga
Published: June 2019

: Plants produce specific structures constituting a barrier hindering penetration of pathogens, while they also produce substances inhibiting pathogen growth . These compounds are secondary metabolites, such as phenolics, terpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, resins, tannins and alkaloids. Bioactive compounds are secendary metabolities from trees and shrubs are used in medicine, herbal medicine and cosmetology. To date fruits and flowers of exotic trees and shrubs have been primarily used as sources of bioactive compounds. In turn, search for new sources of bioactive compounds is currently focused on native plant species due to its availability. Application of such raw material needs to be based on knowledge of their chemical composition, particularly health-promoting or therapeutic compounds. Research conducted to date on European trees and shrubs has been scarce. This paper presents results of literature studies conducted to systematise knowledge on bioactive compounds found in trees and shrubs native to central Europe. The aim of this review providing available information on the subject is to indicate gaps in the present knowledge.
Engineering Geology, History and Geography of the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Area
Authors: Gray Richard E. , Greene Brian H. , Fandray Ryan W. , Turka Robert J.
Published: June 2019

The City of Pittsburgh, PA is located west of the Appalachian Mountains in the Appalachian Plateaus Province. The relatively flat surface of the plateau is dissected by drainage from the three principal rivers of the region, the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio. The formation of Pittsburgh’s three rivers and drainages has a long history dating back to before the Pleistocene Epoch, linked closely to the advance and retreat of continental glaciation.

Western Pennsylvania is associated with the westernmost formation of the Appalachian Mountain chain with deformation in the form of a series of nearly flat-lying, gently warped Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. Rocks cropping out in the region range in age from Devonian to Permian. Pennsylvanian strata are dominated by thin cyclic sequences of sandstone, shale, claystone, coal, and limestone. Most of the geologic hazards present in the region include slope instability, expansive shales and slags, mine subsidence, acid mine drainage, pyritic acid rock and flooding. The region also has an abundance of natural resources including coal, natural gas, oil, salt, limestone, sand and gravel and water.

Pittsburgh's strategic location helped shape westward expansion during the formation of the Nation, largely because of the rivers, which served as an inexpensive, yet efficient means of transportation. Infrastructure was always significant in Pittsburgh. However, the existing aging infrastructure are deteriorating. Today, Pittsburgh has transcended the legacy name, “Steel City” and has revitalized itself with nationally-recognized universities and medical centers and a resurgence in natural gas exploration. However, many environmental legacy issues still burden the area.
Venture financing in the segment of pharmaceutical biotechnology in the Russian Federation
Authors: Petrova T. A. , Sidorov K. O. , Il’yinova Yu. G. , Narkevich I. A.
Published: June 2019

One of the main directions of the pharmaceutical industry is the transition to the stage of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity and to the large-scale creation of global markets for new products and services. In recent years, the number of research conducted in the pharmaceutical industry has increased, and the most acute question is the active introduction of research results into mass production. The article provides an overview of the current state of venture financing in the biotechnology industry of the Russian Federation, as the most effective mechanism for financing promising applied research and, in particular, in the pharmaceutical biotechnology segment. The authors reviewed the main program documents affecting the development of biotechnology in Russia. The main venture funds that invest in pharmaceutical biotech companies are identified. The assortment portfolio of invested companies developed for the treatment of certain diseases was considered, and the main direction for the study was determined. The analysis of the funds that carry out the grant support of applied biotechnological research has been carried out. It allows to overcome the «sowing» stage of development of an innovative company and get initial research results. The main reasons for the slow development of venture capital investments in the biotech industry are identified and ways to overcome them are proposed.
Efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Zlobina D. S. , Koroleva L. Yu.
Published: June 2019

Anticoagulant therapy is the treatment of any variant of pulmonary thromboembolism and patients in 100% of cases. In actual clinical practice, for the treatment and prevention, it is necessary to carry out regular control laboratory indicators, a constant dose adjustment, which can always be feasible for patients and it is not surprising to doctors when they independently discontinue treatment. The last decade was marked by the emergence of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) – factors determining Xa and direct thrombin inhibitor, which provide a predictable mechanism of action, the dosage regimen in standard dosages, no need for laboratory control and a minimum of food and drug interactions. In clinical practice, it is very important to try to balance the risks and benefits when choosing a new anticoagulant, which leads to a comparative analysis of the effectiveness and safety of all currently registered DOAC. This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of safety and efficacy of anticoagulants, as well as their use over a long period of time. It should be understood that the large-scale studies convincingly prove that the effectiveness and safety of flights, however, should be recognized that patients with indications for thrombectomy reduce the rate of renal reaction with a glomerular rate of less than 30 ml/min. In this regard, the assessment of the actual efficacy and safety of the PAK also reveals risk factors for noncompliance in actual clinical practice, which are important not only with frequent dosing, but also with motivation, understanding, and socio-economic status of the pat ient.
Cardioembolic stroke, the basis of diagnosis and prevention
Authors: Mukhin A. S. , Mеdvedev A. P. , Ivanova Ya. A. , Fedorov S. A.
Published: June 2019

A stroke develops due to ineffective anticoagulant therapy or the lack of such therapy. With the advent of new oral anticoagulants, everything has changed. This is what the latest research on this topic shows. According to available literature sources, it is known that atherogenic dyslipidemia is a risk factor for plaque failure in the coronary arteries. Persistent atrial fibrillation, diagnosed with Holter's long-term monitoring, is also a risk factor for stroke. One of the methods for diagnosing embolism is transcranial Doppler scanning. Also, the method helps in choosing the tactics of endovascular closure of the left atrial appendage. As for the etiology, embolism is one of the common causes of cardioembolic stroke. The term embolism of an unspecified source (ESUS), a study of the causes currently underway, was introduced for the embolism that happened in the remote period after a myocardial infarction. Recent clinical trials have shown that ESUS can occur in patients with subclinical atrial fibrillation (AF). Evidence suggests that a left atrial thrombus can lead to thromboembolism even in the absence of AF. Many aspects for the sensible management of patients at risk of developing car dioembolic stroke are ref lected in this review.
Experimental implantoplasty outcomes correlate with fibroblast growth in vitro
Authors: Ellingsen Stig Aanerød , Maal Mehrnaz Beheshti , Reseland Janne Elin , Verket Anders
Published: June 2019

Background

Implantoplasty is an option in peri-implantitis treatment, but little is known about the effect on the soft tissue.

Purpose

The aim of the study was to characterize surface roughness following experimental implantoplasty and to examine its effect on human fibroblast growth and the secretion of selected proteins.

Materials and Methods

Titanium grade IV coins were mechanically treated with six different rotating bur sequences; diamond burs or carbide burs alone, or followed by either Arkansas stone bur or silicone burs. Machined and rough-surface coins were used as control. The surface topography was characterized. Human gingival fibroblasts from two donors were cultured on the coins to quantify the effect on cell morphology, growth and protein secretion.

Results

All surface roughness parameters were lower for the surfaces treated with experimental implantoplasty than for the SLA surface, and the sequence of carbide burs followed by silicone burs rendered the least rough surface of the test groups. The chosen implantoplasty procedures changed the elemental composition of the titanium surface. High surface roughness correlated negatively to fibroblast growth, however induced a higher secretion of VEGF, IL-6 and MCP-3 to the cell medium compared to the least rough surfaces of the test groups.

Conclusions

The surface roughness following implantoplasty correlated to the growth of fibroblasts. Implantoplasty altered the elemental composition of the titanium surface, and had an effect on the fibroblast cytokine secretion and fibronectin levels.

Background

Peri-implantitis is a biofilm-mediated progressive inflammatory disease in the soft tissues and marginal bone surrounding the dental implant, which ultimately may lead to its loss.1 To date there is no consensus on a treatment protocol for peri-implant diseases. Therapies researched have mostly been modifications of periodontitis treatment modalities.2
Pitanja koja nastavnici engleskog kao stranog jezika postavljaju u nastavi
Authors: Vuleta Kristina , Martinović Anna
Published: June 2019

Nastavnici postavljanjem pitanja doprinose procesu učenja stranog jezika i razvoju mišljenja višeg reda kod učenika. Pitanja su značajna za pokretanje interakcije u učionicama stranih jezika. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je dobiti uvid u vrste pitanja koje nastavnici koriste u poučavanju engleskog kao stranog jezika (engl. EFL). Metoda prikupljanja podataka uključivala je promatranje nastave koje se često koristi u istraživanjima u učionicama stranih jezika. Rezultati su pokazali da se u osnovnim i srednjim školama češće postavljaju pitanja nižeg reda od pitanja višeg reda, dok su složenija pitanja i setovi pitanja i odgovora pokazali veću učestalost pitanja višeg reda. Nadalje, složenost odgovora učenika ovisila je o vrsti pitanja koju je nastavnik postavio. Analiza je također pokazala da, usprkos tome što je bilo više pitanja koja su poticala na razmišljanje i samoizražavanje u srednjoj školi nego u osnovnoj školi, veliki broj prikupljenih pitanja nižeg reda ipak pokazuje potrebu za većom upotrebom pitanja višeg reda.
Vrijednosti obrazovanja i nastavnički identitet iz učeničke, roditeljske i nastavničke perspektive
Authors: Diković Marina , Plavšić Marlena
Published: June 2019

U Hrvatskoj i svijetu manji je dio nastavničkoga kadra koji smatra da je nastavnička profesija cijenjena. Većina se autora i autorica slaže da i jačanje nastavničkoga identiteta moglo pomoći podizanju vrijednosti obrazovanja. Ciljevi istraživanja bili su: ispitati na koje načine obrazovanje doprinosi kvaliteti života i koje su prednosti nastavničke profesije, ispitati doživljaj statusa nastavničke profesije i promjena u obrazovnom sustavu te utvrditi motivaciju za nastavničku profesiju. Uzorak je obuhvaćao 74 učenika i učenica osnovnih i srednjih škola, 73 roditelja, 38 studenata i studentica nastavničkih studija te 35 osnovnoškolskih i srednjoškolskih nastavnika i nastavnica. Rezultati se interpretiraju u kontekstu Korthagenovog modela te pokazuju da nastavnici i nastavnice više spominju obilježja nastavničkoga identiteta koja se dotiču temeljnih vrijednosti, dok roditelji i učenici više spominju obilježja ponašanja i kompetencija. Zadaća je inicijalnoga obrazovanja nastavnika i nastavnica poticati mlade na promišljanje o vrijednostima nastavničke profesije jer će time cijeniti i poticati razvijanje vrijednosti nastavničkoga identiteta.
Stavovi studenata o muzeju kao okruženju u kojemu se odvija učenje
Authors: Kuščević Dubravka , Brajčić Marija , Talijan Zvonimira
Published: June 2019

U suvremenom svijetu muzeji kao kulturne institucije pedagoškom djelatnošću kontinuirano nastoje privući pozornost odgojno-obrazovnih institucija. U teorijskom dijelu rada stavljen je naglasak na muzej i njegovu odgojno-obrazovnu ulogu, pri čemu se opisuju ključni elementi i glavne karakteristike koje obilježavaju učenje u muzeju. U empirijskom dijelu rada predstavljeni su rezultati istraživanja koji donose mišljenja i stavove studenata društvenih i prirodnih znanosti o posjećivanju muzeja, provedbi nastave Likovne kulture u muzejskim prostorima te o muzeju kao prostoru neformalnog učenja.
Ovim istraživanjem obuhvaćeni su studenti na smjerovima Učiteljski studij te Rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje na Filozofskom fakultetu u Splitu, kao i studenti Ekonomskog fakulteta, Prirodoslovno matematičkog fakulteta te Medicinskog fakulteta u Splitu. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 158 studenata: 52 studenta prirodnih znanosti i 106 s područja društvenih znanosti; 147 ispitanika bile su žene, a 11 muškarci. Rezultati su pokazali da se studenti prirodnih i društvenih znanosti ne razlikuju po svojim stavovima o muzejima odnosno studenti se u velikom broju slažu s tvrdnjama koje izražavaju pozitivne stavove o učenju u muzejskim prostorima.
KANT DÜŞÜNCESİNDE HUKUKUN SINIR HATLARI
Authors: ÇATALOLUK Gökçe
Published: June 2019

Hukuk Fakültelerinde üretilen
Türkçe hukuk felsefesi literatüründe Kant, hukuka bir ahlak felsefesi
gözlüğüyle bakıyormuş gibidir. Filozofun normatif dizgelere ilişkin
düşünceleri, toptancı bir tavırla kategorik emperatifin gölgesi altına sokulur
ve hukuka dair yazdığı spesifik metin kısa değinilerle geçiştirilir. Böyle bir
algının doğal hukukçu bir Kant imgesine işaret etmesi de beklenir bir sonuçtur.
Oysa Kant, kimi zaman doğal hukukun katili olarak adlandırılan bir filozof
olarak, hukuku aklın ilkeleriyle beraber analiz etmiş, ilk iş olarak onu ahlaktan
ayırt ederek sınırlarını çizmiş ve sadece dışsallaşmış eylemlerin alanına
yerleştirmiştir. “Kant Düşüncesinde Hukukun Sınır Hatları” adını taşıyan bu
çalışmada, yapay bir doğal hukukçuluk – hukuki pozitivizm çatışmasından
kaçınılarak filozofun hukuka ilişkin tartıştığı bazı sınır meseleleri yeniden
ele alınmış, böylece onun kurguladığı sistemin bütününü göz önüne alan bir
fikir oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bunun için öncelikle hukuk-ahlak ayrımına
ilişkin değiniler gün ışığına çıkarılmış, ikinci olarak doğa durumu-doğal
hak-doğal hukuk kavramları ele alınmış, son olarak ise filozofun yaşadığı
dönemde büyük hayranlık duyduğu Fransız Devrimine mercek tutulmuştur. Zira
Kant’ın bazı yazılarında devrim düşmanlığı yaptığı gayet net bilinen bir
gerçektir. Bu sınır boylarında götürülen tartışma neticesinde filozofun yaptığı
ayrımların onun sistem anlayışını nasıl tamamladığına dikkat çekilerek hukuk
felsefesinin bu saptama ışığında değerlendirilmesi gereğine vurgu yapılmıştır.
Damping effects of different shock absorbing materials for tunnel under seismic loadings
Authors: Huang Changxi , Wang Xinghua , Zhou Hao , Liang Yan
Published: June 2019

Circular tunnels are widely used in infrastructure. Under the action of earthquakes, the destruction of circular tunnels will result in a large number of economic losses and casualties. Therefore, the study on shock absorption of tunnels is important. However, the research has not been sufficient on the effect of the damping layer on seismic response of a circular tunnel in sand. In this paper, the influence of the damping layer on the seismic response characteristics of circular tunnels in sand is studied by large-scale shaking table test. The actual El-centro wave is loaded to the model system in three directions during the tests. The input peak seismic acceleration values are 0.05 g, 0.1 g and 0.2 g. Then the effects of two different damping materials on the dynamic response characteristics of circular tunnels are analysed quantitatively. The test results show that the damping layer reduces the seismic response of the circular tunnel. The response accelerations of the tunnel bottom and crown without damping layer are greater than that with the damping layer, which indicates that damping layer absorbs the energy caused by the seismic motion. When the sponge rubber is used, the circular tunnel dynamic response is more attenuated than that with foam board. In conclusion, the shock absorbing layer can effectively reduce the seismic response of tunnel. As a result, the damage of the tunnel decreases under the earthquake. This study has clarified the isolation mechanism of the shock absorbing materials. It is recommended to use sponge rubber material as the shock absorbing layer.
Study of pre-treatment of quinoline in aqueous solution using activated carbon made from low-cost agricultural waste (walnut shells) modified with ammonium persulfate
Authors: Yang Tao , Hu Xuansheng , Zhang Peijuan , Chen Xiaogang , Wang Weiwei , Wang Yanping , Liang Qiuxia , Zhang Yingjiu , Huang Qunce
Published: June 2019

Activated carbon made from agricultural waste (walnut shells) was investigated as a suitable adsorbent for effectively removing quinoline from industrial wastewater. The activated carbon was treated with phosphoric acid and oxidized by ammonium persulfate and its ability to adsorb pyridine and quinoline in aqueous solution was investigated. Kinetic parameters for the adsorption process were determined through pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models and intraparticle diffusion models. Equilibrium experiments and adsorption isotherms were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. After reaching equilibrium, the activated carbon adsorbed quinoline in preference to pyridine: the equilibrium adsorptions from individual aqueous solutions (200 μL L−1) of quinoline and pyridine were 166.907 mg g−1 and 72.165 mg g−1, respectively. Thermodynamic studies of quinoline adsorption were conducted at different temperatures and indicated that quinoline adsorption was an endothermic and spontaneous process. The column-adsorption of quinoline and pyridine was consistent with the Thomas model and the Yoon-Nelson model. The removal efficiency of quinoline reached more than 97% for a velocity of 6 mL min−1 at the initial adsorption stage.
Uma análise comparativa entre o “Ensaio sobre a cegueira” de Saramago e o “Mito da caverna” de Platão
Authors: Rodrigues Taline , Souza Adílio Junior de
Published: June 2019

A partir do aporte teórico advindo da Literatura Comparada, este estudo analisa comparativamente elementos constituintes do “Ensaio sobre a Cegueira” de Saramago (1995) e o “Mito da Caverna” de Platão (1956). Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados consistiram na revisão de literatura sobre o tema, extração de fragmentos que sinalizam a presença direta de um dialogismo entre as referidas obras e, por fim, a análise comparativa entre os textos. Conceitos tais como o de intertextualidade e dialogismo oriundos da teoria dialógica de Bakhtin (1988; 2006), reverberadas por Fiorin (2017), se revelaram frutíferos nessa investigação. Por se tratar de um estudo bibliográfico, os seguintes autores foram consultados: Carvalhal (2006), Brait (2005; 2009), Brunel, Pichois e Rousseau (2012), Massaud Moisés (2014) e Barros e Fiorin (2011), entre outros. Os resultados indicam que a relação entre os textos revela um diálogo permanente entre o tema central abordado pelo escritor português e o discurso filosófico do pensador grego: a metáfora da cegueira. Esta “cegueira” torna-se um dos elementos intertextuais que servem de mote para um exame das sociedades retratadas nas obras.
Variação e livro didático: pelos caminhos da sociolinguística educacional
Authors: Oliveira Eliane Vitorino de Moura
Published: June 2019

Tendo como fundamento a Sociolinguística Educacional, ou o propósito de enfrentar assertivamente os problemas educacionais e apresentar propostas pedagógicas concretas, apresento neste trabalho uma reflexão sobre a atuação dos materiais didáticos na promoção de uma consciência sobre a variabilidade da língua. A questão a ser respondida versa sobre o papel do livro didático na promoção de uma visão menos estereotipada da variação e na aceitação de nossa identidade linguística, problematizando sobre a premência de uma pedagogia voltada para a variação linguística, partindo de análises efetuadas em coleções de livros didáticos utilizados em escolas do norte do Paraná e do agreste Alagoano. O trabalho centra-se na análise de atividades com a temática da variação linguística inseridas em livros didáticos em três enfoques: i) materiais ainda em processo de elaboração; livros de coleções utilizadas em 2011; e, iii) livros de coleções a disposição das escolas em 2017.  Para isso, alicerço-me em pesquisadores que se voltam para esse tema, como Bortoni-Ricardo (2014), Zilles e Faraco (2015), Almeida-Baronas e Cobucci (2016), entre outros,  e têm desenvolvido importante discussão sobre a necessidade de uma abordagem menos estereotipada da variação, e que favoreça o entendimento da língua como um construto social, atualizada nas interações e, com isso,  variada, heterogênea e rica.
Female body, discursive threads and the “slutwalk” movement
Authors: Figueira-Borges Guilherme
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo, objetivo estabelecer uma análise do acontecimento “Marcha das Vadias” que ocorreu na cidade de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, no dia 09 de março de 2013, delineando a construção de um corpo feminino outro na história. Para tanto, há a inscrição no campo da Análise do Discurso francesa especificamente nos trabalhos de Foucault (1996, 2001a, 2001b, 2008, 2011, 2013), Paveau (2018a, 2018b) e um diálogo com o pensamento de Nietzsche (1996, 1998, 2001, 2004 e 2009). Em um primeiro momento, destaco o movimento “Marcha das Vadias” enquanto um acontecimento que desestabiliza poderes e ressignifica o corpo feminino na história. Em seguida estabeleço um diálogo com a noção nietzschiana de corpo e apresento algumas considerações tecidas por ele sobre as mulheres na sociedade. A partir deste estudo, delineou-se que o corpo feminino, no movimento em questão, discursivamente, funda-se a partir de uma exterioridade que incide sobre a materialidade dos corpos a partir de um funcionamento da linguagem.
Structure and Bioactivities of Porphyrans and Oligoporphyrans
Authors: Geng Lihua , Wang Jing , Zhang Zhongshan , Yue Yang , Zhang Quanbin
Published: June 2019

Background:

Pyropia (Porphyra), commonly known as nori or laver, is an important food source in
many parts of the world. Edible dried Pyropia contains numerous nutrients and biofunctional components, including
proteins, vitamins, eicosapentaenoic acid, minerals, carotenoids, mycosporine-like amino acids, and carbohydrate,
and one of the compounds which we are interested in is porphyran, a sulfated polysaccharide comprising
the hot-water-soluble portion of Pyropia cell walls. Researchers have performed a large number of in-depth studies
on the biological activity and potential therapeutic applications of porphyrans and oligoporphyrans.

Methods:

This mini review aims to provide comprehensive and update overview on the source, extraction, structure,
biological activities and structure-activity relationships of porphyrans and oligoporphyrans based on the
studies in the past 30 years which were included in Web of Science.

Results:

The structure of porphyran has been basically determined given that its straight chain is relatively simple,
and the skeleton structure has been described. The extraction methods were simplified continuously, but
different extraction methods and post- processing methods still had great influence on the structure and composition
of porphyran, so there was no standardized extraction process which can achieve quality control until now. In
order to obtain oligoporphyrans, there are a variety of degradation methods, including chemical method, physical
method and enzymatic method, but it is worth mentioning that specific degradation enzyme is still unavailable.
Studies on the biological and pharmacology properties include antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation,
anti-cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and drug delivery.

Conclusion:

Owing to the therapeutic potential and drug delivery applications, porphyran and oligoporphyrans
are expected to be further developed as a medicine against human diseases, as well as a supplement in cosmetics
and health products.
Application of a Validated QSTR Model for Repurposing COX-2 Inhibitor Coumarin Derivatives as Potential Antitumor Agents
Authors: Tugcu Gulcin , Sipahi Hande , Aydin Ahmet
Published: June 2019

Background:

The discovery of novel potent molecules for both cancer prevention and
treatment has been continuing over the past decade. In recent years, identification of new, potent, and
safe anticancer agents through drug repurposing has been regarded as an expeditious alternative to traditional
drug development. The cyclooxygenase-2 is known to be over-expressed in several types of
human cancer. For this reason cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition may be useful tool for cancer chemotherapy.

Objective:

The first aim of the study was to develop a validated linear model to predict antitumor activity.
Subsequently, applicability of the model for repurposing these cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors as
antitumor compounds to abridge drug development process.

Method:

We performed a quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR) study on a set of coumarin
derivatives using a large set of molecular descriptors. A linear model predicting growth inhibition
on leukemia CCRF cell lines was developed and consequently validated internally and externally.
Accordingly, the model was applied on a set of 143 cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor coumarin derivatives to
explore their antitumor activity.

Results:

The results indicated that the developed QSAR model would be useful for estimating inhibitory
activity of coumarin derivatives on leukemia cell lines. Electronegativity was found to be a prominent
property of the molecules in describing antitumor activity. The applicability domain of the developed
model highlighted the potential antitumor compounds.

Conclusion:

The promising results revealed that applied integrated in silico approach for repurposing
by combining both the biological activity similarity and the molecular similarity via the computational
method could be efficiently used to screen potential antitumor compounds among cyclooxygenase-2
inhibitors.
Synthesis, In vitro and In silico Evaluation of a Series of Pyrazolines as New Anticholinesterase Agents
Authors: Altıntop Mehlika Dilek
Published: June 2019

Background:

Pyrazolines, electron-rich nitrogen carriers, are of great importance due to
their potential applications for the treatment of many diseases including inflammation, infectious
diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.

Objectives:

The purpose of this work was to synthesize new pyrazoline derivatives and evaluate their
anticholinesterase effects.

Methods:

1-Aryl-5-[4-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl]-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles (1-7)
were synthesized via the treatment of 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-[4-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl]prop-2-
en-1-one with arylhydrazine hydrochloride derivatives in acetic acid, whereas 1-aryl-5-[4-
(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles (8-14) were obtained
by the treatment of 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-one with
arylhydrazine hydrochloride derivatives in acetic acid. Their inhibitory effects on
acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were determined using a
modification of Ellman’s spectrophotometric method. In silico docking and Absorption, Distribution,
Metabolism and Excretion (ADME) studies were performed using Schrödinger’s Maestro molecular
modeling package.

Results:

In general, piperidine derivatives were found to be more effective than morpholine
derivatives on cholinesterases (ChEs). 1-Phenyl-5-[4-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl]-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-
4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (1) and 1-(4-cyanophenyl)-5-[4-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl]-3-(3,4-
dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (7) were identified as the most effective AChE
inhibitors in this series with 40.92% and 38.98%, respectively. Compounds 1 and 7 were docked into
the active site of human AChE (PDB code: 4EY7). Both the compounds were found to be capable of
forming π-π stacking interactions with Trp286. Based on in silico ADME studies, these compounds
are expected to have reasonable oral bioavailability.

Conclusion:

In the view of this work, the structural modification of the identified agents is going on
for the generation of new anticholinesterase agents with enhanced efficacy.