bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CSR implementation of palm oil plantations through the integrated farming system program in empowering local farmer groups
Authors: Arhian Veronika Suryajuanti , Murti B S Sigit Heru , Baliarti Endang
Published: December 2023

The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) emerged in response to the development of sustainable corporations that prioritize sustainable development practices. The Sintang District Government's economic improvement program aims to boost community income by developing the UMKM sector (Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises). To integrate palm oil plantations with livestock, the local government initiated this effort. The research method used is a descriptive study - with qualitative data types through data collection techniques conducted utilizing interviews, observations, and literature studies. The study found that the application of CSR in Indonesia does not fully align with the legal definition of CSR. The implementation of CSR is primarily focused on short-term aid provision to local communities. The integration of livestock farms has not been implemented by all plantation companies, and the ones that do exist are suboptimal. Even though Sintang Regency cannot meet the local beef needs, farmers are only capable of meeting 20-30% of the annual demand. Consequently, to meet the demand, the government must purchase livestock from outside Sintang district and even from outside the province of West Kalimantan.
Customer satisfaction of goat kids using Customer Satisfaction Index and Importance Performance Analysis (case study in goat production farm of East Java Livestock Agency)
Authors: Efendi Ahmad Zarkasi , Winarto Priyo Sugeng , Kuswati Kuswati
Published: December 2023

This study aims to analyze customer satisfaction of goat kid and service quality attributes that are a priority to increase customer satisfaction. This research was conducted at Goat Production Farm of East Java Livestock Agency in Toyomarto Village, Singosari District, Malang, East Java, which is a producer of Etawa Crossbreed and Senduro goats. Respondents of this research were carried out using the total sampling method of buyers of goat kid from 2021 to 2023 with a total of 16 respondents. The research variables represent the elements of the marketing mix known as the 7P (product, price, place, promotion, process, physical evidence, and people) which are divided into 17 attributes. Primary data in this study were obtained through surveys and interviews assisted with instruments in the form of questionnaires. At the same time, the secondary data in this study were performance reports and literature. The results showed a customer satisfaction index of 74.02% in the good category. The main priority for performance improvement can be made to improve the genetic quality of parents in order to produce good quality offspring, completeness of sales supporting documents, adequacy of sales promotion information, after-sales service in the form of customer technical assistance. Furthermore, the mechanism determines the price of goat kid, the ease of the payment process through receipts, the availability of non-cash payments, and the existence of proof of payment accompanied by agency identity.
Psychological resilience of dairy farmers, life satisfaction, and the moderating role of age; Is there a link?
Authors: Aghniarahim Putritamara Jaisy , Hartono Budi , Kamilia Hapsari Intan , Tri Satria Awang , Sri Purwanti Tina
Published: December 2023

Psychological resilience, life satisfaction, and the moderating role of age in their relationship have been largely overlooked in the literature that discusses business resilience, particularly in small-scale farming in developing countries like Indonesia. This research has the purpose to fill a research gap by exploring the influence of farmers' psychological resilience on life satisfaction. It employs cross-sectional data, observing 210 dairy farmers in Indonesia who have been in their business for a minimum of 10 years. The data is subsequently tested for validity and reliability and analyzed using a quantitative multivariate approach, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), with smartPLS software. The research demonstrates that psychological resilience has a positive influence on farmers' life satisfaction. Additionally, age has also been proven to moderate psychological resilience and life satisfaction. Based on these outcomes, we recommend that all stakeholders pay attention to formulating policies that support the enhancement of farmers' psychological resilience in facing uncertainties, such as endemic disasters like Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD). The implications of these result can provide insights for stakeholders to enhance business resilience from intangible aspects, such as the psychology of farmers, which has been shown to impact life satisfaction, and the moderating role of age in this relationship. Thus, it is expected that entrepreneurs can establish a sustainable dairy cattle business amidst an increasingly uncertain business landscape in the future.
Morphometric analysis of IPB-D1 chicken in free-range and intensive rearing systems in the tropics region
Authors: Lase Jonathan Anugrah , Afnan Rudi , Wulandari Zakiah , Estuningsih Sri , Sartika Tike , Sumantri Cece
Published: December 2023

IPB-D1 chicken is a local chicken breed developed for meat production and fast growth. This chicken is formed from crossbreeding broiler breeds (Cobb) with 3 other local chicken breeds, Kampung, Pelung, and Sentul Chicken. It has advantages in disease resistance and body weight. In this study, IPB-D1 chickens were studied for morphometric characteristics in two (2) different rearing systems, namely free-range and intensive systems. The material used was 120 IPB-D1 roosters aged 20 weeks, consisting of 90 heads reared in the free-range system and 30 heads intensively. The method used was observation. The parameters measured were morphometric variables of chickens in free-range and intensive systems. The rearing system treatment showed no difference in femur length, tibia length, tarsometatarsus circumference, third finger length, and wing length, but showed significant differences in tarsometatarsus length, maxilla length, and cockscomb height between intensive and free-range rearing systems in the tropics. Free-range rearing can increase tarsometatarsus length and maxilla length.
Effect of level of metabolizable energy on the breast and wing weight of local chickens: A meta-analysis
Authors: Ramadhani Anisa , Nurgiartiningsih Veronica Margareta Ani , Sjofjan Osfar
Published: December 2023

The purposed of this study was to determine the effect of dietary energy and protein balance on the wing weight and breast weight of native chicken using meta-analysis technique. This study used meta-analysis technique to integrate 116 data from 8 articles that contain information about effect of energy and protein balance rations on wings weight and breast weight of local chicken. The meta-analysis technique begins with collecting data from several scientific publications that contain energy and protein levels. The data was tabulated in the form of database with the help of Microsoft excel and in this tabulation process the units of each data were equalized tabulated and analysed using SAS. The results of this study concluded that it took 17.04% of dietary crude protein to produce a minimum breast weight of 151.96grams and 2953.31 kcal/kg to produce 122.66grams of breast weight, as well as 17.43% of raw proteins to make a minimum wing weight of 88.25gram and 2970 kcal / kg to produce an 89.53gram of wing. In conclusion protein requirements and energy metabolism, each pile showed varying results. The existence of this diversity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) of sustainable broiler agribusiness initiatives: The plasma farmers perspective
Authors: Febrianto Nanang , Sugeng Winarto Priyo , Akhiroh Puji , Abdullah Hafidz , Hartono Budi
Published: December 2023

Plasma farmer satisfaction is pivotal in the broiler partnership cooperation system, serving as a key indicator of the extent to which partnership principles are effectively upheld. This study assessed plasma farmers' satisfaction level regarding broiler partnership services' performance in Malang. The research sample comprised 87 plasma farmers selected through purposive sampling. The data analysis employed the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method to discern the positioning of service attributes in quadrant analysis. The Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method was also employed to gauge user satisfaction. The study revealed a noteworthy CSI value of 0.87%, signifying a high degree of contentment among farmers with the core company's performance and services. Delving further into the analysis of 24 partnership attributes using the IPA assessment, several vital observations emerged. Firstly, two attributes were identified as possessing substantial importance yet exhibiting subpar performance. Secondly, seven attributes demonstrated partnership performance that necessitates ongoing maintenance. Thirdly, six attributes exhibited partnership performance that warranted maintenance but with relatively lower priority. Lastly, nine attributes showed an excessive level of performance.
Effects of egg storage duration prior to incubation on performances of Arab Chickens during the first week post-hatch
Authors: Andri Faizal , Marwi Filoza , Nurwahyuni Eka , Yulianti Dyah Lestari , Setyo Heni , Prayogi Heni Setyo , Sudjarwo Edhy
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the effects of egg storage duration prior to incubation on performances of Arab Chickens during the first week posthatch. A total of 100 day-old-chicks were distributed among 20 experimental units, each representing a different egg storage duration before incubation (1, 4, 7, and 10 days) with five replicates. There were five birds of each replicate totaling 25 birds per treatment. The variables examined in this study included the growth performance of Arab Chickens during the first week post-hatch, specifically the initial body weight, final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, water intake, feed conversion ratio, and water conversion ratio. The findings of the study revealed that egg storage duration prior to incubation did not significantly affect (P>0.05) feed intake, water intake, and water conversion ratio. Storing eggs for up to 4 days did not result in any adverse effects (P>0.05) on initial body weight, final body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. However, eggs stored for 7 days or longer exhibited a significant reduction (P<0.05) in initial body weight, final body weight, and body weight gain. Additionally, a notable increased (P<0.05) in feed conversion ratio observed for eggs stored for 10 days. In conclusion, the hatching eggs of Arab Chickens can be safely stored for up to 4 days without any detrimental effect on their performance during the first week post-hatch.
Roles of tree and shrub legume leaves as protein sources for cattle raised by small farmers in Bangkalan Regency
Authors: Mashudi Mashudi , Hazanah Ndaru Poespitasari , Andre Septian Wike , Kusmartono Kusmartono , Dwi Kartika Aprilia
Published: December 2023

Inclusion of tree or shrub legume leaves in the ration of beef cattle improved quality and the main indicators are the increase in crude protein content and digestibility. The present study was done from March to September 2023 involving 30 farmers in Bangkalan regency who raised madura cattle and the information gathered were type and number of feeds offered daily. Tree and shrub legume leaves such as Gliricidia, Moringa, Indigofera, and jackfruit are the most common protein sources used to supplement field grass or straws. Samples of forage were taken and the following rations were formulated to simulate cattle feed: A (grass only); B (60% grass + 40% gliricidia); C (60% grass + 40% moringa); D (60% grass + 40% Indigofera); E (60% grass + 40% jackfruit) leaves. Parameters measured using an in vitro gas production technique showed that supplementation with tree and shrub legume leaves on field grass basal diet improved dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter (OMD) values and this was closely related to improvements of rumen NH3 concentration which also contributed to efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (ESPM) value improvement. It can be concluded that tree and shrub legume leaves have shown important roles in improving the quality of field grass based diet for Madura cattle.
Wellposedness of second order reflected BSDEs: A new formulation
Authors: O Hun , Kim Mun-Chol , Kim Kon-Gun
Published: December 2023

The aim of this article is to provide a complete theory of second order reflected backward stochastic differential equation (2RBSDE). We reformulate the notion of 2RBSDE by introducing a new type of minimality condition. Unlike the previous works, our minimality condition is more reasonable in the sense that it is suitable for dynamics with any kind of generators and it allows us to consider the 2RBSDE as a natural extension of 2BSDE. We prove the existence and uniqueness of solution to the 2RBSDE under Lipschitz-type assumptions on the generator. Moreover, we apply the 2RBSDE to obtain the super-hedging price of American options in the uncertain, incomplete, nonlinear financial market.
Stability analysis of fuzzy differential equation for prey–predator system underZ-number fuzzy and granular differentiability concept
Authors: Hati Santu , Panigrahi Goutam , Maity Kalipada
Published: December 2023

The stability analysis is one of the basic problems in the field of system, prey–predator, production inventory control, signal processing etc. The goal of stability analysis for prey–predator and production inventory control model is to determine the region of the different variables and parameters at which the system is stable or unstable. This paper explores an uncertain prey–predator model where both prey and predator populations are fuzzy variables. Also we have considered all the prey–predator parameters of the system are imprecise. This fuzzy prey–predator model is converted to an equivalent crisp model using granular differentiability approach. The condition of local stability is obtained mathematically by analysis the eigenvalues of characteristic equation. And also we introduced a production inventory model as a case study of fuzzy dynamical system to illustrate the efficiency of the result and practical aspects.
Robotic-assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty Technology Provides a Repeatable and Reproducible Method of Assessing Soft Tissue Balance
Authors: Scholl Laura Y , Hampp Emily L. , Caba Melanie , Azhar Ali , Hameed Daniel , Dubin Jeremy , Crutcher James P. , Mont Michael A. , Mahoney Ormonde M.
Published: December 2023

Soft-tissue balancing is an important factor in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), with 30 to 50% of TKA revisions attributed to technical operative factors including soft-tissue balancing. Robotic-assisted TKA (RATKA) offers opportunities for improved soft-tissue balancing methods. This study aimed to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of ligamentous laxity assessments during RATKA using a digital tensioner.

Three experienced RATKA surgeons assessed preresection and trialing phases of 12 human cadaveric knees with varying degrees of arthritis. Ligamentous laxity was assessed with manual varus and valgus stresses in extension and flexion, with a digital tensioner providing feedback on the change of laxity displacement. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyses were used to determine the repeatability within a single surgeon and reproducibility between the three surgeons.

The results showed excellent repeatability and reproducibility in ligamentous laxity assessment during RATKA. Surgeons had excellent repeatability for preresection and trialing assessments, with median ICC values representing excellent reproducibility between surgeons. Surgeons were repeatable within 1 or 1.5 mm for preresection and trialing assessments. On average, the variation within a surgeon was 0.33 ± 0.26 mm during preresection and 0.29 ± 0.28 mm during trialing. When comparing surgeons to each other, they were reproducible within an average of 0.69 ± 0.33 mm for preresection and 0.65 ± 0.31 mm for trialing.

This study demonstrated the reliability of robotic-assisted soft-tissue balancing techniques, providing control over ligamentous laxity assessments, and potentially leading to better patient outcomes. The digital tensioner used in this study provided excellent repeatability and reproducibility in ligamentous laxity assessment during RATKA, highlighting the potential benefits of incorporating robotics in TKA procedures.
Remotely piloted aircraft systems: the introduction of the ‘flying watchtower’
Authors: Antrobus Sophy
Published: December 2023

This commentary will contest that a lack of deep critical thinking on the nature of air power and its relationship with those it overflies, surveils, and bombs by air power practitioners can lead to a void in engagement with the public and create distrust. It will discuss how the unique characteristics of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) are critical to understanding their specific impact on those they overfly and their characterisation as ‘flying watchtowers’. The introduction of Predator and Reaper aircraft into the UK Royal Air Force (RAF) inventory will be used as a case study to explore this contention and to argue that the RAF and the Ministry of Defence should communicate more thoroughly and proactively about new technologies than they have done in the recent past. The paper will then consider what implications this might have for the introduction of future technologies. In doing so, it will highlight the importance of capturing lessons from the RAF’s recent experience of ‘wars of choice’ and counter-insurgency, however diverting the current global security challenges may be. In the context of the proposed new human right to protect the freedom to live without physical or psychological threat from above, recent research has demonstrated that the particular characteristics of RPAS may impact the mental health of those they surveil. This in turn may have implications both in terms of the behaviours it incites and considerations of proportionality in targeting decisions.
Examining the impact of AI in cancer diagnosis
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: December 2023

Artificial intelligence has the potential to sift through large datasets and identify subtle markers of disease.
The role of people, parks and precipitation on the frequency and timing of fires in a sub-Saharan savanna ecosystem
Authors: Dewald Julius R. , Southworth Jane , Moise Imelda K.
Published: December 2023

Background The Lupande Game Management Area (GMA) and the adjacent South Luangwa National Park (NP) in Zambia allow comparison of fire regimes in African savannas with different human densities. Aims To investigate humans’ effects on fire regimes within a sub-Saharan savanna ecosystem. Methods We delineated burned areas for the Lupande GMA and South Luangwa NP using 156 Landsat images from 1989 to 2017. We performed comparisons of fire regimes between the Lupande GMA and South Luangwa NP using various burned area variables and assessed their association with precipitation. Key results Overall, and compared with the South Luangwa NP, the Lupande GMA had a greater extent of burned area and a higher frequency of repeat burns. The Lupande GMA experienced fires earlier in the fire season, which are typically less damaging to woody vegetation. We observed a significant positive relationship between precipitation and burned area trends in South Luangwa NP but not in the Lupande GMA, suggesting that precipitation increases burned area in South Luangwa NP. Conclusions Results support the theory that human fire management mitigates climate’s effect, particularly rainfall, on interannual burned area variation. Implications This study shows that human-dominated fire regimes in savannas can alter the influence of precipitation.
¿Acercamiento solidario vs. distanciamiento respetuoso?
Authors: Fernández-García Francisco
Published: December 2023

A partir de un análisis inicial sobre la naturaleza del acto de habla de invitación y sus relaciones con la (des)cortesía, el presente trabajo contrasta la percepción que hablantes españoles e ingleses tienen sobre dicho acto de habla, con el objetivo de determinar si existen patrones de variación cultural y, en su caso, también de variación social, en este sentido. El análisis, que combina metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa, parte de las respuestas a un cuestionario por 240 informantes (cuidadosamente seleccionados conforme a su procedencia geográfica, edad, sexo y formación académica), a quienes se les muestran dos variantes de un diálogo con una secuencia invitación–rechazo justificado–insistencia en la invitación. Los resultados obtenidos confirman la esperable existencia de diferencias culturales, si bien solo parcialmente coincidentes con los perfiles tradicionalmente descritos por la bibliografía especializada, además de la presencia de parámetros bastante definidos de variación social, tanto transculturales como específicos de una u otra cultura.
Contradictions to decent African jobs under energy transition-related extractivism: the case of graphite mining in Mozambique
Authors: Namaganda Emilinah
Published: December 2023

The power of African labour to bargain for better terms of employment is an important precondition to ensuring decent jobs under energy transition-related resource (ETR) extraction and the global renewable energy sector more broadly. Through the lens of graphite mining communities in Cabo Delgado Province in Mozambique, this article examines the socio-economic contradictions constraining the power of residents to negotiate decent jobs from ETR projects in Cabo Delgado and other regions of the country. Six principal but intertwined contradictions are identified, including regional antipathies and limited livelihood alternatives, engaging energy transition discussions in Mozambique on the issues unfolding at the local level which inhibit workers from negotiating decent jobs. A micro-level perspective to examining challenges to decent African jobs enables critical reflection on the local aptness of climate change policies, such as the energy transition, which are predominantly discussed at the global, regional and national levels.
State-of-the-art with the prospects of cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks for solar cell applications
Authors: Chuhadiya Sakshi , Sharma Ritika , Beniwal S K , Kamlesh  , Dhaka M S
Published: December 2023

The characteristics of metal–organic framework (MOF) composites make them the most significant materials for energy conversion applications. MOFs are hybrid molecular frameworks synthesized using metal ions like Copper, Cobalt, Zinc, Nickel, etc and organic ligands such as BTC, NDC, etc. To meet and fulfill futuristic energy demands and needs, it is feasible to expand cost-effective energy conversion solar cell devices using MOF materials, therefore in the present work, the Cobalt-based MOFs (Co-MOF) are synthesized by coordinating Cobalt nitrate and 1,3,5 Benzene tricarboxylic acid (BTC or Trimesic acid) ligand using the Solvothermal method. To study the physiochemical properties of synthesized Co-BTC MOFs, these have gone through a variety of characterization processes where the structural exploration unveils that the intensity of the dominant peak obtained at 18.7° gradually decreases with a decrease in the concentration of trimesic acid ligand. First and second weight losses, corresponding to release of the solvent molecules and breakdown of the frameworks, respectively, were detected by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements. In the FTIR spectra, metal-oxide, modified benzene, carboxylic, and hydroxyl groups with different modes of vibrations are observed. Analysis of surface morphology demonstrated creation of rod-like geometry to the synthesized materials, whereas elemental studies inveterate effective formation of the Co-BTC MOFs. Additionally, the optimized Co-BTC MOF is applied as a potential interfacial layer in solar cells and the outcome implies that the device designed with 10 Co-BTC LBL cycle evolutions provided relatively desirable solar cell performance parameters. The present findings recommended that material progression is necessary to develop cost-effective and high-performance MOF-based solar cell devices.
Soliton molecules, Y-type soliton and complex multiple soliton solutions to the extended (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation
Authors: Wang Kang-Jia
Published: December 2023

The central purpose of this paper is extracting some novel and interesting soliton solutions of the extended (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation(JME) which acts as an extension of the classic (3+1)-dimensional JME for the plasma and optics. First, we study the N-soltion solutions that is developed by the Hirota bilinear method (HBM). Then, the soliton molecules and Y-type soliton solutions are constructed via imposing the novel resonance conditions to the N-soltion solutions. In addition, we also explore the complex multiple soliton solutions via the HBM. The dynamic properties of the N-soltion, soliton molecules, Y-type soliton as well as the complex multiple soliton solutions are presented graphically. The developed soliton solutions of this research are all new and can enable us apprehend the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the extended (3+1)-dimensional JME better.
Comparative study of recursive least squares with variable forgetting factor applied in AC loss measurement
Authors: Long Feiyang , Xu Ying , Li Xin , Ren Li , Shi Jing , Tang Yuejin , Guo Fang , Xia Yajun
Published: December 2023

AC loss has significant impact on the design and safe operation of superconducting power equipment. While there have been numerous simulation studies on AC loss, experimental measurement has proven challenging due to its relatively small magnitude compared to reactive power. In our previous work, a method based on fixed forgetting factor recursive least squares for measuring instantaneous AC loss is proposed. However, its applicability is limited due to the varying characteristics of each parameter in superconductors. This paper introduces four recursive least squares with variable forgetting factor algorithms and measures AC loss in ten different superconducting coils. The accuracy of these algorithms is analysed and compared using the integral method as benchmark. The results demonstrate that the recursive least squares with leverage-based multiple adaptive forgetting factors offers the widest range for AC loss measurements.
Capacity prediction of Lithium-ion batteries based on adaptive sliding window pooling extreme learning machine algorithm
Authors: Han Caiyun , Yuan Huimei
Published: December 2023

Considering the safety and reliability, it is especially important to accurately predict the capacity decline trend of lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, a simple and easy-to-operate singular value decomposition technique is used to extract the health indicators (HIs) that are correlated with the capacity from the measurable parameters of battery, and then the HIs that have a high Pearson correlation coefficient with the capacity are selected for predicting the battery capacity. Aiming at the problems of low prediction accuracy and random dispersion of traditional extreme learning machine (ELM), this paper proposes an adaptive sliding window pooling extreme learning machine (ASW-PELM) algorithm. The algorithm first adaptively adjusts the window length according to the fluctuation of local data, and then dynamically traverses the data with the sliding window for data enhancement, and this adaptive sliding window mechanism provides effective data for the model prediction stage. Then it combines the pooling operation and the ELM to replace the random factor between the input layer and the hidden layer, which effectively solves the problem of random dispersion in the original learning model. The results of lithium battery capacity prediction under two sets of different experimental conditions show that the method has the highest prediction accuracy compared with other generalized algorithms.
Structural, electronic and optical properties of synthesized schiff base compound-validation with a computational method
Authors: Kumar Ch Ravi Shankar , Prasanti M , Jha Anjali , Kumar B Rajesh
Published: December 2023

Organic molecules have a profound impact on present-day technologies due to their structure, molecular interactions, ease of modification, and synthesis. The motivation of the present study is to synthesize a dielectric material at room temperature to accurately determine the optical properties the refractive index and dielectric constant and validate it using a computational method. Organic Schiff base compounds are synthesized in equimolar ratios with the host molecule Biphenyl-4-carboxaldehyde and guest molecules a family of distinct anilines using ultrasonication method. The advantages of this method over other conventional methods are a shorter reaction time, lower operating temperature, and easy work up with fewer amounts of solvents. Molecular aspects of synthesized Schiff bases were established by spectroscopic techniques i.e., IR, proton NMR and powdered x-ray diffraction methods showed that these results are consistent with the expected structure. Optical properties the refractive index and dielectric constant were recorded with a spectroscopic ellipsometer. Studies of computational methods provided optimized molecular structures with minimum energy with wavenumbers in agreement with recorded spectra. Quantum mechanical descriptors provide information on electronic and optical properties and help to visualize the corresponding changes in electron density using the Gaussian 16 package. The results of spectroscopic studies are in agreement with computed studies indicating that synthesized Schiff bases are active dielectric materials with major role of nitro compounds best suitable for optical and electronic properties with increased dielectric constant, refractive index and reduced energy.
Uncertain M-fractional differential problems: existence, uniqueness, and approximations using Hilbert reproducing technique provisioner with the case application: series resistor-inductor circuit
Authors: Maayah Banan , Arqub Omar Abu
Published: December 2023

In this article, the principle of characterization is proposed as a new tool for solving uncertain M-fractional differential problems under firmly generalized differentiability. The study demonstrates the solvability of such issues by presenting theoretical implications on the existence and uniqueness of two uncertain M-solutions. Additionally, the study provides quantitative solutions in a novel uncertain framework using two Hilbert spaces that are combined through the kernel-based Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization technique. The proposed uncertain problems and algorithms are examined, with a focus on analyzing the solution collection, assessing convergence, and evaluating errors. The debatable Hilbert approach can solve numerous M-fractional differential problems under uncertainty, and the numerical results demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the algorithm. Based on the figures, tables, and quantitative analysis, our work significantly enhances mathematical tools for solving complex M-fractional differential problems under uncertainty. By utilizing the numerical pseudocode; this advancement has the potential to make an impact on various scientific and engineering fields. The final section presents numerical notes, along with recommendations for future research directions. Additionally, an evaluation of the study’s findings is provided based on the conducted analysis.
Hamilton energy of a complex chaotic system and offset boosting
Authors: Gao Xiaohong
Published: December 2023

The complex differential system can be obtained by introducing complex variable in the real differential system. Complex variables can be decomposed into real component and imaginary component, which makes the complex differential systems have more complex dynamic behaviors. Complex chaotic system is used in secure communications to increase the security of cryptographic systems. In this study, we designed a complex differential system by incorporating a complex variable into a 3D differential system. Dynamics of this complex differential system are investigated by applying typical nonlinear analysis tools. Furthermore, Hamilton energy function for complex differential system is obtained based on Helmholtz’s theorem. The values of Hamilton energy with different oscillations of complex differential system are calculated. In addition, offset boosting control for the complex chaotic signal is realized by adding a constant to variable of complex system. Simulation shows that the position of the chaotic attractor in phase space can be flexibly shifted by applying the offset parameter.
Impact of viscothermal loss on modulation instability and rogue waves in left-handed nonlinear diffractive acoustic transmission line metamaterials
Authors: Joseph Mora , David Vroumsia , Justin Mibaile , Sindanne Azakine Sylvere , Betchewe Gambo , Yamigno Serge Doka
Published: December 2023

In this study, the transmission line approach is used to describe the studied acoustic metamaterial model. Through Kirchoff’s pressure and volume-velocity laws and using multiple scales method, nonlinear coupled Schrödinger equations are obtained. Then, the amplitude disturbance method is applied to these equations to obtain and plot the modulational instability gain curves. Analytically, the impact of viscothermal loss on the modulational instability gain is studied. The similarity technique is used to derive integrable Manakov’s equations. First and second-order rational rogue wavelike solutions of coupled nonlinear Schrödinger are deduced. The results indicate that the modulational instability gain and Rogue wave intensities depend on the viscothermal parameter. This parameter can be considered in the design of nonlinear acoustic metamaterials to minimize the damage caused by the dynamics of freak waves.
Improved solar cell efficiency of titanium dioxide on porous silicon using pulsed laser deposition at different laser wavelengths
Authors: Fakhri Makram A , Salim Evan T , Mohammed Rami S , Azzahrani Ahmad S , Ibrahim Raed Khalid , Gopinath Subash C B , Salim Zaid T
Published: December 2023

In this study, a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with specific parameters, including a pulse repetition rate of 6 Hz, a pulse duration of 10 nm, a wavelength of 532 nm, and a laser fluence of 237.47 J cm−12, was employed to fabricate highly crystalline TiO2 nano-films. These nano-films exhibited a narrow energy band gap of 3.24 eV and showcased favorable surface morphology, characterized by a roughness of 2.38 nm. A solar cell device was produced by creating porous silicon (PSi) and applying titanium dioxide films onto the PSi, achieving a notable conversion efficiency of 8.733%. To investigate the impact of different parameters on the resulting TiO2 nano-films, a range of laser fluences (ranging from 131.93 to 263.85 J cm−12) and three distinct laser wavelengths (1064 nm, 532 nm, and 355 nm) were employed during the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process. These experiments aimed to grow TiO2 films on both quartz and silicon (Si) substrates.
Microscopic growth mechanism and edge states of monolayer 1T′-MoTe2
Authors: Zhao 赵 Haipeng 海鹏 , Liu 刘 Yin 隐 , Yang 杨 Shengguo 胜国 , Lin 林 Chenfang 陈昉 , Chen 陈 Mingxing 明星 , Braun Kai , Luo 罗 Xinyi 心仪 , Li 李 Siyu 思宇 , Pan 潘 Anlian 安练 , Wang 王 Xiao 笑
Published: December 2023

Transition metal ditellurides (TMTDs) have versatile physical properties, including non-trivial topology, Weyl semimetal states and unique spin texture. Controlled growth of high-quality and large-scale monolayer TMTDs with preferred crystal phases is crucial for their applications. Here, we demonstrate the epitaxial growth of 1T′-MoTe2 on Au (111) and graphitized silicon carbide (Gr/SiC) by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). We investigate the morphology of the grown 1T′-MoTe2 at the atomic level by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and reveal the corresponding microscopic growth mechanism. It is found that the unique ordered Te structures preferentially deposited on Au (111) regulate the growth of monolayer single crystal 1T′-MoTe2, while the Mo clusters were preferentially deposited on the Gr/SiC substrate, which impedes the ordered growth of monolayer MoTe2. We confirm that the size of single crystal 1T′-MoTe2 grown on Au (111) is nearly two orders of magnitude larger than that on Gr/SiC. By scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS), we observe that the STS spectrum of the monolayer 1T′-MoTe2 nano-island at the edge is different from that at the interior, which exhibits enhanced conductivity.
Pseudo-online framework for BCI evaluation: a MOABB perspective using various MI and SSVEP datasets
Authors: Carrara Igor , Papadopoulo Theodore
Published: December 2023

Objective. BCI (Brain–Computer Interfaces) operate in three modes: online, offline, and pseudo-online. In online mode, real-time EEG data is constantly analyzed. In offline mode, the signal is acquired and processed afterwards. The pseudo-online mode processes collected data as if they were received in real-time. The main difference is that the offline mode often analyzes the whole data, while the online and pseudo-online modes only analyze data in short time windows. Offline processing tends to be more accurate, while online analysis is better for therapeutic applications. Pseudo-online implementation approximates online processing without real-time constraints. Many BCI studies being offline introduce biases compared to real-life scenarios, impacting classification algorithm performance. Approach. The objective of this research paper is therefore to extend the current MOABB framework, operating in offline mode, so as to allow a comparison of different algorithms in a pseudo-online setting with the use of a technology based on overlapping sliding windows. To do this will require the introduction of a idle state event in the dataset that takes into account all different possibilities that are not task thinking. To validate the performance of the algorithms we will use the normalized Matthews correlation coefficient and the information transfer rate. Main results. We analyzed the state-of-the-art algorithms of the last 15 years over several motor imagery and steady state visually evoked potential multi-subjects datasets, showing the differences between the two approaches from a statistical point of view. Significance. The ability to analyze the performance of different algorithms in offline and pseudo-online modes will allow the BCI community to obtain more accurate and comprehensive reports regarding the performance of classification algorithms.
Application of the grade selection of X-ray events using machine learning for a CubeSat mission
Authors: Shen H.C. , Sakamoto T. , Serino M. , Ogino N. , Arimoto M.
Published: December 2023

X-ray observation covering a wide field of view with high sensitivity is essential in
searching for an electromagnetic counterpart of gravitational wave events. A lobster-eye optics
(LEO) and a large area CMOS sensor are effective instruments to achieve this goal. Furthermore,
thanks to the light weight of LEO, it can be installed on a small platform such as a CubeSat.
However, the real-time identification of X-ray events is challenging with restricted resources on
space. Therefore, we trained a image recognition network utilizing one of the machine learning
models of convolutional neural network (CNN). Then, we use this network to identify X-ray events
in the image taken from a CMOS sensor. Moreover, we use a Sony single-board computer, Spresense,
that provides ultra-low power consumption and supports machine learning libraries for the process.
This paper introduces our machine learning-based X-ray event selection process that is targeted
for use on a CubeSat.
Heterogeneous effects of weather extremes on different dimensions of poverty in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Kimsanova Barchynai , Umirbekov Atabek , Herzfeld Thomas , Müller Daniel
Published: December 2023

Weather extremes become more frequent and intense with climate change, but how weather extremes impact household wealth in the Global South remains elusive in many regions. We combined nationally representative quarterly household panel data with climate data to evaluate the impact of weather extremes on household poverty in Kyrgyzstan between 2013 and 2020. We evaluated multiple dimensions of poverty by quantifying changes in nutrition, education, health, and living standards. We used a linear quantile mixed model to relate the poverty dimensions with four salient weather extremes: cold winters, hot summers, excessive rains, and dry spells. Our findings show that all weather extremes harmed household wealth but with substantial spatial variation. Cold winters were the most detrimental, with negative consequences that continued into the subsequent year. Poor households suffered disproportionally more from extremes than rich ones. Our results underscore the need to initiate place-based adaptation options to cushion the adverse effects of extreme weather events on household wealth.
Plastic Surgery Tourism: Complications, Costs, and Unnecessary Spending?
Authors: Hery Danielle , Schwarte Brandon , Patel Krishna , Elliott John O , Vasko Susan
Published: December 2023

Background

The liability of plastic surgery tourism in patient health and postoperative resource allocation is significant. Procedures completed within the context of medical tourism often lack rigorous quality assurance and provide limited preoperative evaluation or postoperative care. Not only does this jeopardize the patient's well-being, but it also increases the financial burden and redirects invaluable resources domestically through often unnecessary diagnostic tests and hospitalizations.

Objectives

This manuscript will examine the complications and associated costs following plastic surgery tourism and highlight unnecessary expenses for patients with outpatient complications.

Methods

A retrospective review was conducted of all patients 18 years or older who underwent destination surgery and were seen within 1 year postoperatively in consultation with plastic surgery at our health system between January 11, 2015 and January 7, 2022. Patient admissions were reviewed and deemed necessary or unnecessary after review by 2 physicians.

Results

The inclusion criteria were met by 41 patients, of whom hospitalization was deemed necessary in 28 patients vs unnecessary in 13 patients. The most common procedures included abdominoplasty, liposuction, breast augmentation, and “Brazilian butt lift.” The most common complications were seroma and infection. Patients deemed to have a necessary admission often required at least 1 operation, were more likely to need intravenous antibiotics, were less likely to have the diagnosis of “pain,” necessitated a longer hospitalization, and incurred a higher cost. The total financial burden was $523,272 for all 41 patients.

Conclusions

Plastic surgery tourism poses substantial health risks, the morbidities are expensive, and it strains hospital resources.

Level of Evidence: 5
Explainable artificial intelligence for omics data: a systematic mapping study
Authors: Toussaint Philipp A , Leiser Florian , Thiebes Scott , Schlesner Matthias , Brors Benedikt , Sunyaev Ali
Published: December 2023

Researchers increasingly turn to explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to analyze omics data and gain insights into the underlying biological processes. Yet, given the interdisciplinary nature of the field, many findings have only been shared in their respective research community. An overview of XAI for omics data is needed to highlight promising approaches and help detect common issues. Toward this end, we conducted a systematic mapping study. To identify relevant literature, we queried Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, BioRxiv, MedRxiv and arXiv. Based on keywording, we developed a coding scheme with 10 facets regarding the studies’ AI methods, explainability methods and omics data. Our mapping study resulted in 405 included papers published between 2010 and 2023. The inspected papers analyze DNA-based (mostly genomic), transcriptomic, proteomic or metabolomic data by means of neural networks, tree-based methods, statistical methods and further AI methods. The preferred post-hoc explainability methods are feature relevance (n = 166) and visual explanation (n = 52), while papers using interpretable approaches often resort to the use of transparent models (n = 83) or architecture modifications (n = 72). With many research gaps still apparent for XAI for omics data, we deduced eight research directions and discuss their potential for the field. We also provide exemplary research questions for each direction. Many problems with the adoption of XAI for omics data in clinical practice are yet to be resolved. This systematic mapping study outlines extant research on the topic and provides research directions for researchers and practitioners.
S-Nitrosylation-mediated coupling of DJ-1 with PTEN induces PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-dependent keloid formation
Authors: Lv Dongming , Xu Zhongye , Cheng Pu , Hu Zhicheng , Dong Yunxian , Rong Yanchao , Xu Hailin , Wang Zhiyong , Cao Xiaoling , Deng Wuguo , Tang Bing
Published: December 2023

Background

Keloids are aberrant dermal wound healing characterized by invasive growth, extracellular matrix deposition, cytokine overexpression and easy recurrence. Many factors have been implicated as pathological causes of keloids, particularly hyperactive inflammation, tension alignment and genetic predisposition. S-Nitrosylation (SNO), a unique form of protein modification, is associated with the local inflammatory response but its function in excessive fibrosis and keloid formation remains unknown. We aimed to discover the association between protein SNO and keloid formation.

Methods

Normal and keloid fibroblasts were isolated from collected normal skin and keloid tissues. The obtained fibroblasts were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. The effects of DJ-1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, and on the expression of proteins were assayed. TurboID-based proximity labelling and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were conducted to explore the potential targets of DJ-1. Biotin-switch assays and transnitrosylation reactions were used to detect protein SNO. Quantitative data were compared by two-tailed Student’s t test.

Results

We found that DJ-1 served as an essential positive modulator to facilitate keloid cell proliferation, migration and invasion. A higher S-nitrosylated DJ-1 (SNO-DJ-1) level was observed in keloids, and the effect of DJ-1 on keloids was dependent on SNO of the Cys106 residue of the DJ-1 protein. SNO-DJ-1 was found to increase the level of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) S-nitrosylated at its Cys136 residue via transnitrosylation in keloids, thus diminishing the phosphatase activity of PTEN and activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, Cys106-mutant DJ-1 is refractory to SNO and abrogates DJ-1-PTEN coupling and the SNO of the PTEN protein, thus repressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and alleviating keloid formation. Importantly, the biological effect of DJ-1 in keloids is dependent on the SNO-DJ-1/SNO-PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis.

Conclusions

For the first time, this study demonstrated the effect of transnitrosylation from DJ-1 to PTEN on promoting keloid formation via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, suggesting that SNO of DJ-1 may be a novel therapeutic target for keloid treatment.