bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Generative AI in Game Texture Rendering : A Systematic Analysis of Visual Enhancement Technologies
Authors: Avtar Singh
Published: November 2024

This article examines the integration of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) integration in real-time 3D texture rendering for modern gaming applications, presenting theoretical frameworks and practical implementations. Through a comprehensive analysis of current implementations across multiple game development platforms, the article demonstrates how GAI algorithms can dynamically generate and modify high-fidelity textures during gameplay, resulting in a 47% reduction in manual texture creation time and a 32% improvement in runtime performance compared to traditional methods. The article employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative performance metrics with a qualitative assessment of visual quality and player immersion across 150 procedurally generated environments. The article findings indicate that GAI-driven texture rendering streamlines the development pipeline and enables advanced features such as context-aware texture adaptation and dynamic environmental response systems. Furthermore, the results suggest that this technology significantly enhances player immersion, with 85% of test subjects reporting improved visual consistency and environmental reactivity. This article contributes to the growing body of knowledge in real-time rendering optimization. It provides a foundation for future developments in automated game asset generation while also addressing critical challenges in processing overhead and quality consistency management.
Synthesis, G-quadruplex binding and cytotoxicity of copper (II) complexes
Authors:   , Koh Kelvin Jin Tai
Published: November 2024

In this thesis, four major investigations involving 20 new ligands (semicarbazone and 1,2,4-triazole derivatives) and 28 new copper(II) complexes based on these ligands were carried out. The copper(II) complexes and some ligands were studied for their G-quadruplex DNA binding affinities, cancer cell cytotoxicity and stability in various biologically-relevant solutions.
Kültürel Miras Farkındalığının Oluşmasında Düğün Fotoğraflarının Rolü, (Kütahya Örneği)
Authors: Bayer Tuğçe , Halaç Hicran Hanım
Published: November 2024

Fotoğraflar geçmişten geleceğe kültürel aktarımı sağlayan önemli araçlardır. Düğün fotoğrafları somut ve somut olmayan kültürel miras değerlerinin nesilden nesile aktarımını sağlar ve kültürel miras farkındalığının oluşmasına yardımcı olur. Bu sayede bellekteki düğün fotoğrafları ile kültürel mirasın bellekteki yeri oluşturulur. Araştırmanın amacı düğün fotoğrafları üzerinden veri analizi yaparak bu çerçevede kültürel miras alanlarının farkındalığını tespit etmek ve düğün fotoğraflarının kültürel miras farkındalığının artmasındaki rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Düğün fotoğrafları artık hem deneyim yoluyla hem de paylaşım yoluyla kültürel mirasın farkındalığını etkilemektedir. Bunun için son üç yılda sosyal medyada en çok veriyi paylaşan Kütahya’daki fotoğraf stüdyoları ile iş birliği yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, sosyal medyanın kullanıcı üzerindeki etkileri ve erişilebilirlik düzeyinin yüksek olması dikkate alınarak, çekim mekânı tercihlerinde müşteriye göre anlamlı bir farklılık olup olmadığını belirlemek için veri analizi ve stüdyo görüşmeleri yapılmıştır. Düğün sahibi çiftlerin son yıllarda stüdyo fotoğraf çekimlerinden dış mekân çekimlerine yöneldiği gözlemlenmektedir. Tercih edilen dış mekân düğün fotoğrafı çekimlerinde yeşil alan, sahil, düğün salonunun yanı sıra kültürel miras alanlarında da çekim yapıldığı görülmektedir. Bulgularda düğün fotoğrafçılığında dış mekân çekimlerinde kültürel mirasın deneyimlenmesindeki artış dikkat çekmiştir. Düğün fotoğraflarının bellekteki yeri göz önüne alındığında, sosyal medyada paylaşılmalarının sosyal medyanın etkisiyle kültürel miras farkındalığının artması kapsamında önemli rolü olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu sayede toplumda merak uyandırarak bu alanları ziyaret etme isteği oluşmakta, kültürel miras alanları hakkında farkındalık oluşturulmakta ve bu alanların korunması ve geliştirilmesi sağlanarak turizme katkı sağlanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, düğün fotoğraflarının içinde kültürel mirasın ölümsüzleştirilmesi ve gelecek nesile aktarılması bellekteki kültürel mirasa katkı sunmaktadır.
Ziya Gökalp'in Gözüyle Kültür ve Medeniyet
Authors: Şen Büşra
Published: November 2024

Değişim ve dönüşüm süreçlerinin tam merkezinde yer alan Gökalp hars ve medeniyet kavramlarına ayrı bir önem vermiştir. Bu iki kavram aynı zamanda Gökalp sosyolojisinin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Durkeim'in toplum temelli bakış açısı Gökalp'in fikirlerinin oluşmasında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Gökalp'in içinde bulunduğu karmaşık siyasi ve toplumsal yapı onu Durkheim sosyolojisinin yapı taşı olan dayanışmacı toplum modeline itmiştir. İçerisinde bulunduğu tarihsel konjonktürde birleştirici ilkeler ekseninde kültüre ve uygarlığa olan bakış açısı şekillenmiştir. Gökalp sosyolojisinde kültür; toplumun ortaya koymuş olduğu yaşam biçimi, ortak duygu ve düşünceler kısacası bireyleri bir arada tutan unsurlar olarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Medeniyet ise Batılılaşma, modernleşme gibi kavramlar üzerinden toplumun daha ileriye gitmesini gaye edinen bir kavramdır. İlerleme gerçekleşirken Türk toplum yapısının milli şuur bilincinden sapmaması, kendi öz kimliğini kaybetmemesi Gökalp için nihai bir hedeftir.
Bu makalede Ziya Gökalp’in sosyolojik düşünce sistemi, sosyolojik perspektifte kültür ve medeniyet kavramlarının tarihsel süreçleri, Ziya Gökalp’in görüşlerinin şekillenmesinde ön ayak olan Durkheim sosyolojisi bağlamında Gökalp’in kültür ve medeniyet düşüncesi ele alınacaktır.
Indigenous Health Research in Quebec: Changing the Landscape Through Relationship Building
Authors: Bisset Sherri , Qashu Leila , Périllat-Amédée Sonia , Delormier Treena
Published: November 2024

As a response to the need for more supportive research environments for Indigenous health research, CIHR created the Network Environments for Indigenous Health Research (NEIHR). The Tahatikonhsontóntie’ Québec Network Environment for Indigenous Health Research (QcNEIHR) is driven by, and grounded in, Indigenous communities in Quebec. This manuscript aims to provide a reflexive account of the QcNEIHR. Using implementation analysis as a methodology, the QcNEIHR evaluator used documents, participant observations and interviews to compare the proposed QcNEIHR grant plan to what the QcNEIHR actualized. The co-authors, members of the Operations Circle, provided additional information and interpretations as the manuscript was being written. The QcNEIHR governance circles were invited to approve the presentation of results. Through this analysis we found that QcNEIHR activities aligned with three of four objectives in the initial research proposal. The Operations Circle of the QcNEIHR successfully navigated through several competing interests, such as, 1) finding a balance between consulting and taking concrete actions, 2) being inclusive while prioritizing a few targeted activities, 3) administering institutional research funds within an Indigenous community-based organization, 4) maintaining an efficient bilingual governance structure with diverse conceptualizations of health and research, 5) managing an organic Operations Circle for innovation and creativity, while assuring an accountability and timely deliverables. During the first four years of operation, the strategy of the QcNEIHR OC was based upon building relationships and mobilizing a diverse lively network. This strategy sets the foundation for community-shared ownership and leadership for the next iteration of the QcNEIHR, where community-driven Indigenous health research in Quebec will continue to strengthen and grow, with the support of provincial and national research institutions.
Emergência de controle condicional sobre a construção de sentenças em crianças
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Pará, Tenório Analu da Costa , Brino Ana Leda de Faria ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, Assis Grauben José Alves de ,   Universidade Federal do Pará
Published: November 2024

RESUMOInvestigou-se a emergência de controle condicional sobre a construção de sentenças na voz ativa e passiva em crianças. As crianças foram treinadas a construir quatro pares de sentenças por sobrepo-sição de palavras (uma ativa e uma passiva para cada par), seguido pelo estabelecimento de controle condicional de cores sobre esse repertório. Seguiram-se testes repetidos de extensão de controle con-dicional sobre a construção de novas sentenças. Por fim, testou-se a manutenção desse desempenho após 45 dias do encerramento do estudo. Todas as crianças aprenderam a construir as sentenças sob controle condicional, sendo necessárias mais exposições ao treino das sentenças na passiva. Nos testes, o número de construções corretas na voz ativa (92,4%) foi maior do que na passiva (31%). No teste de manutenção, os participantes construíram corretamente 78,9% das sentenças na ativa e 80,3% das sentenças na passiva. Contrariamente aos resultados de estudos prévios, os participantes demons-traram manutenção de desempenho de construção de sentenças na ativa e melhora de desempenho para as sentenças na voz passiva, sugerindo que o treino de quatro pares de sentenças e a repetição de testes de desempenho emergente são condições importantes para a produção do repertório.
Repertório básico de leitura e escrita em escolas brasileiras com baixa avaliação do ensino fundamental
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Silveira Carolina Coury , Domeniconi Camila ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Calcagno Solange Cordeiro ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, Kato Olívia Misae ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, Hanna Elenice Seixas ,   Universidade de Brasília
Published: November 2024

Baixos desempenhos de alunos de 5o ano na Prova Brasil têm sido documentados desde sua criação. A literatura aponta que a precisão em repertórios mais elementares, como leitura e escrita de pala-vras isoladas interfere diretamente no sucesso da compreensão de textos, habilidade mensurada pela Prova Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi mapear estes repertórios básicos entre 187 alunos de 5o ano de três escolas que apresentaram Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB) menor que 5,5 (dentro de uma escala que varia de 0 a 10) na avaliação de 2011, em três cidades do país (Belém, Brasília e São Carlos). Para isto, foram utilizados dois instrumentos de avaliação, contendo palavras regulares e irregulares, cujas construções foram estabelecidas a partir da concepção de leitura e escrita como rede de relações comportamentais. Nas três escolas, os alunos apresentaram déficits de desem-penho mais acentuados para repertórios de escrita sob ditado, em comparação com leitura, e em tare-fas que demandavam compor palavras irregulares com letras disponíveis. O presente estudo sugere a necessidade de incluir medidas de repertórios mais básicos de leitura e escrita na Prova Brasil, os quais podem também ser deficitários em alunos de 5º ano.
O uso de Sistema de Frequência Modulada no ensino de leitura para crianças com deficiência auditiva
Authors:   Centro Universitário CESMAC, Ferreira Layse Maria dos Santos , Bandini Carmen Silvia Motta ,   Centro Universitário CESMAC,   Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde do Alagoas, Bandini Heloísa Helena Motta ,   Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde do Alagoas, de Souza Deisy das Graças ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Published: November 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi ensinar leitura para crianças com deficiência auditiva, usuárias de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI), por meio do uso conjunto de um procedimento informa-tizado de ensino e de Sistemas de Frequência Modulada (FM). Participaram seis crianças de 7 a 15 anos, três com deficiência auditiva e três ouvintes. Os escores dos participantes no pré-teste de leitura foram iguais ou inferiores a 40%. O ensino foi informatizado e realizado por meio de tarefas de es-colha de acordo com o modelo, que estabeleciam relações entre palavras ditadas e palavras impressas e entre palavras ditadas e figuras, complementadas por cópia e ditado (escrita) com letras móveis. As crianças com deficiência auditiva utilizavam AASI, interligados a Sistemas FM, que garantem a in-tegridade das instruções sonoras apresentadas via computador. Foram realizados pós-testes de leitura das palavras ensinadas, de palavras novas (generalização), de escrita com letras móveis, de escrita manuscrita e de formação de classes de equivalência (leitura com compreensão). As crianças com de-ficiência auditiva aprenderam a ler, com resultados semelhantes aos das crianças ouvintes. A eficácia do ensino informatizado, aliado ao recurso dos sistemas de FM, estendeu-se para a reabilitação de deficiência auditiva de crianças em fase de alfabetização.
Implementable Humanitarian Technology
Authors: Fernando Xavier
Published: November 2024

Guest Editor's introduction on the Special Issue titled 'Implementable Humanitarian Technology' of IEEE Consumer Technology Magazine.
Distinguished Lecturer Tour of Xavier Fernando in South India
Authors: Fernando Xavier , Balachandran Pradeep
Published: November 2024

This newletter item describes Xavier Fernando's tour in South India when he was a Distinguished Lecturer for IEEE Communication Society. 
Efficient Resource Allocation in Device-to-Device Communication Using Cognitive Radio Technology
Authors: Sultana Ajmery , Zhao Lian , Fernando Xavier
Published: November 2024

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is developed as a new paradigm to enhance network performance according to LTE and WiMAX advanced standards. The D2D communication may have dedicated spectrum (overlay) or shared spectrum (underlay). However, the allocated dedicated spectrum may not be effectively used in the overlay mode, while interference between the D2D users and cellular users cause impairments in the underlay mode. Can the resource allocation of a D2D system be optimized using the cognitive approach where the D2D users opportunistically access the underutilized radio spectrum? That is the focus of this paper. In this paper, the transmission rate of the D2D users is optimized while simultaneously satisfying five sets of constraints related to power, interference, and data rate, modeling D2D users as cognitive secondary users. Furthermore, a two-stage approach is considered to allocate the radio resources efficiently. A new adaptive subcarrier allocation scheme is designed first, and then, a novel power allocation scheme is developed utilizing geometric water-filling approach that provides optimal solution with low computation complexity for this nonlinear problem. Numerical results show that the proposed approach achieved significant performance enhancement than the existing schemes. 
Call the Crime in Kashmir by its Name: Ongoing Genocide
Authors: Ahmed Binish
Published: November 2024

In the article "Call the Crime in Kashmir by Its Name: Ongoing Genocide", Binish Ahmed analyzes the ongoing violence and oppression in Kashmir by Indian forces, explaining that it constitutes a form of genocide. She highlights systematic human rights violations, including targeted killings, disappearances, and torture, under the guise of India's "national security" measures (more details in the article). Ahmed calls for international recognition of these violences as acts of genocide, emphasizing the urgent need for accountability and justice for the Kashmiri people. 

Through this work (and others works by her), she contributes to the scholarship on Kashmir by leading the reframing of conflict as an Indigenous self-determination struggle in the global context of settler-colonialism, rather than simply a "territorial" dispute between India and Pakistan. She stresses the importance of using an Indigenous rights framework and UNDRIP to protect Kashmiri rights. 

The Conversation published this piece on August 15, 2019.
Development of a topical formulation of a thiadiazole derivative
Authors: Kotsur Yu. M. , Chernykh T. F. , Flisyuk E. V. , Narkevich I. A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Development of broad-spectrum antibacterial medicines for treatment of bacterial and fungal infections of animal skin is an urgent task of pharmaceutical industry, medicine and agricultural industry. The most promising dosage form for the treatment of superficial infectious diseases is gel. The most important advantages are the absence of side effects associated with ingestion, as well as the formation of a protective film that prevents re-infection of the animal.

Aim. To develop the composition of topical form in the form of gel on the basis of active pharmaceutical substance with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action for therapy of infectious diseases of animal skin.

Materials and methods. The object of the study was an original substance – thiadiazole derivative, obtained by the organic synthesis department of the Department of Organic Chemistry of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education SPHFU of the Ministry of Health of Russia. Gel formers (sodium alginate and carbomer), propylene glycol, surfactants (surfactants), etc. were used in the work. The obtained thiadiazole gels were studied in terms of pH, appearance, thermostability, colloidal stability, film formation, in addition, the rheological properties of the gels were determined.

Results and discussion. It was found that gels in which sodium alginate and carbomer acted simultaneously as gel formers had thixotropic properties providing the best stability of the structure. The gels in which glycerin was added formed an elastic film preventing damage and drying of the animal skin.

Conclusion. As a result of this study, a topical formulation in the form of a gel containing a new thiadiazole derivative was developed for the treatment of infectious diseases of animal skin.
Askeri Dönüşüm Çağında Muharip Bir Kuvvet Olarak Cebeci Ocağı
Authors: Koçak Turgay
Published: November 2024

Klasik çağ Osmanlı askeri tarih araştırmalarındaki temel odak noktası muharebeler ve yeniçeri, tımarlı sipahi, leventler gibi muharip sınıflar olmuştur. Ancak ordunun önemli bir parçasını oluşturan geri hizmet birlikleri seferlerin başarıyla gerçekleştirilmesinde mühim bir rol üstlenmekteydi. Bu birliklerin başında gelen Cebeci Ocağı Osmanlı merkezi kuvvetlerinin zırh ihtiyacı, silah bakım-onarımı, istihkam, nakliye gibi ihtiyacını karşılamaktaydı. Ancak XVI. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden itibaren değişen savaşın doğasıyla birlikte Cebeci Ocağı’nın üstlendiği rol de değişmeye başladı. Mevsimlik seferlerin yerine uzun savaşların görülmeye başlamasıyla ortaya çıkan muharip asker ihtiyacının karşılamakta zorlanan Acemi Ocağı yerine alternatif çözümler üretildi. Bunların başında da mevcut farklı sınıfları savaş meydanına sürmek gelmekteydi. Bu çalışmada Osmanlı-1570-1573 Venedik Savaşı’yla başlayan süreçte cebecilerin aslî görevlerine devam etmekle birlikte ihtiyaçlar çerçevesinde nasıl muharip bir kuvvete dönüştükleri ruus mevacib defterleri gibi dönemin arşiv kaynakları ve kroniklerdeki bilgiler çerçevesinde ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
Building the Framework of the InsurTech Ecosystem Business Model Canvas (IEBMC)
Authors: Sosa Iván , Sosa Sergio
Published: November 2024

The InsurTech ecosystem transcends becoming a collaborative network of interconnected archetypes of startups that create, deliver, and capture value in this dynamic and evolving industry. This paper explores the InsurTech dynamics of InsurTech firms, focusing on how they contribute to forming an ecosystem within the insurance industry. As a result, a significant research gap has been addressed by examining the InsurTech business archetypes and developing the InsurTech Ecosystem Business Model Canvas (IEBMC). For this purpose, multiple qualitative case studies have been employed to analyze the world's 400 most innovative InsurTech firms from 2020 to 2023, ensuring a representative dataset based on a global InsurTech landscape. This methodology provides a comprehensive understanding of the diverse roles and strategies that InsurTech firms adopt encapsulating the multifaceted approaches these firms employ as part of their value propositions within the insurance industry. This research identifies seven fundamental InsurTech archetypes - Innovator, Disruptor, Enabler, Connector, Protector, Integrator, and Transformer - each uniquely building the InsurTech ecosystem. The novel IEBMC framework presents a comprehensive perspective on how value is created, delivered, and captured, representing a scientifically derived framework and offering a structured approach to understanding and navigating the complex business dynamics of the insurance ecosystem. This framework, based on the findings of Osterwalder's doctoral dissertation, employs a design science approach to systematically analyze business models. It concludes by discussing the future of the InsurTech ecosystem and the dynamics of collaboration between these archetypes, emphasizing the risks of interconnectedness in navigating this rapidly evolving industry.
Maior reposição de Fator VIII (FVIII) da coagulação em pacientes com Hemofilia A moderada dos grupos sanguíneos não-O
Authors: Lima Magaly do Bom Parto Lopes Vieira , Siqueira Lúcia Helena de , Montalvão Silmara Aparecida de Lima , Lorenzetti Thaís Helena Trento , Oliveira Filho Aldemir Branco de , Ferreira Sergio Henrique , Silva Leiliane Souza da , Ozelo Margareth Castro , Lemos José Alexandre Rodrigues de
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: O presente estudo investigou a associação entre o grupo sanguíneo ABO e o consumo anual de concentrado de fator VIII (FVIII) da coagulação (UI/kg/ano) em pacientes com hemofilia A leve e moderada, atendidos em dois centros de hemofilia de referência no Brasil (Hemocentro do Pará e Hemocentro da Unicamp). Métodos: Níveis plasmáticos do antígeno do fator de von Willebrand (FVW:Ag), cofator de ristocetina (FVW:RCo) e FVIII coagulante (FVIII:C) foram realizados para investigar a correlação entre essas variáveis e os imunofenótipos ABO. Resultados e discussão: O consumo de FVIII (UI/kg/ano) comparado entre pacientes com hemofilia A moderada com grupo sanguíneo O e não-O demonstrou maior consumo de FVIII entre os pacientes com grupo sanguíneo não-O (p=0,018). Na análise desse grupo, os níveis plasmáticos de FVW:C foram estatisticamente maiores (p=0,045) em comparação aos pacientes com hemofilia A moderada com grupo sanguíneo O. Conclusão: Com base em nossos achados, o grupo sanguíneo ABO não é apenas um possível indicador para a farmacocinética do FVIII, mas também pode influenciar o fenótipo hemorrágico moderado da hemofilia A.
A importância da equipe multiprofissional ao paciente oncológico ambulatorial em cuidados paliativos
Authors: Gonçalves Maria Valbilene , Gonçalves Maria Vilmara Batista , Silva Vanusa Anabel Bezerra , Melo Natali Garcia de , Paiva Cleo Siqueira de , Medeiros Maria Aparecida Silva , Oliveira Ana Josélia Pinheiro de , Aguiar Luana Felix , Guimarães Elissandro Duarte , Souza Lindiclea Balbino de
Published: November 2024

Introdução: Câncer é uma doença complexa que abrange mais de 100 tipos diferentes de malignidades. O crescimento desordenado de células cancerosas resulta na formação de tumores, que podem se espalhar para outras partes do corpo. Existem dois principais grupos de câncer: carcinomas, originados nos tecidos epiteliais, e sarcomas, provenientes dos tecidos conjuntivos. Objetivo: Descrever o papel da equipe multiprofissional na prestação de cuidados paliativos a pacientes oncológicos por meio de uma revisão de literatura. Metodologia: O trabalho caracterizou-se como sendo uma revisão da literatura, com natureza descritiva e exploratória que utilizou três bases de dados, sendo elas, respectivamente, Pubmed, SciELO e BVS assim as publicações que se encontraram indexadas em mais de uma base, foram selecionadas na primeira busca. Os descritores utilizados foram cuidados paliativos, paciente oncológico, todos extraídos do DeCS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde). Foi usando a pergunta norteadora: Qual é a função da equipe multiprofissional na prestação de cuidados paliativos em pacientes oncológicos? Resultados: A equipe Multiprofissional desempenha um papel fundamental no cuidado paliativo em oncologia. Além disso, eles desempenham um papel crucial na educação dos pacientes e familiares sobre os cuidados paliativos e na promoção de uma abordagem centrada no paciente. Considerações Finais: Conclui-se que a importância da equipe multiprofissional aos cuidados paliativos em pacientes oncológicos, tendo em vista que a uma cautela de laborar de uma forma diferenciada, humanizada, priorizando o bem-estar do paciente, conforto e a diminuição da dor. Além disso, reitera-se o reconhecimento que chegar ao fim da vida com dignidade e respeito.
Manifestações, diagnóstico e tratamento do Sarcoma de Kaposi disseminado: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Siqueira Áthila de Almeida , Morcerf Cely Carolyne Pontes , Marques João Mazzoncini de Azevedo
Published: November 2024

O sarcoma de Kaposi consiste em uma neoplasia mesenquimal multifocal, causada pelo herpes vírus humano tipo 8 e que apresenta uma incidência associada à Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida Humana, estando entre uma das doenças definidoras de AIDS. Apresenta-se com neoangiogênese, infiltrado inflamatório, lesão vascular e acometimento endotelial, associado a um acometimento mucocutâneo mais frequente e possibilidade de comprometimento de vísceras e linfonodos. Possui uma apresentação mais agressiva quando associado à síndrome de imunodeficiência humana, com possíveis acometimentos de trato gastrointestinal, pulmões, mucosa oral e genitália. A história clínica e o surgimento de lesões cutâneas características, com achados histopatológicos específicos na biópsia consistem na base do diagnóstico. Na conduta terapêutica em casos de associação do sarcoma de Kaposi com a AIDS, é inserido o uso da terapia antirretroviral para todos os pacientes, independente da contagem de CD4, reservando-se a quimioterapia para pacientes com doenças em estágio avançado ou em casos de evidências de progressão rápida. O objetivo do presente estudo consiste em uma revisão narrativa de literatura que busca ampliar o debate sobre o tema em uma perspectiva de estudo do Sarcoma de Kaposi disseminado após a início da terapia antirretroviral. O advento da terapia antirretroviral no controle da infecção pelo HIV pode levar a uma redução expressiva na incidência e na agressividade do sarcoma de Kaposi, e paradoxalmente, a própria TARV também participa do processo de manifestação da doença, contextualizando a Síndrome Inflamatória de Reconstituição Imune.
SOCIAL MEDIA COMMENTS FOR GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION VIDEO CLASSIFICATION USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Hakim M. Faris Al , Subhan Subhan , Listiaji Prasetyo
Published: November 2024

YouTube is a social media site that is quite familiar and is used as a means of disseminating video-based information. With a fairly high number of users, YouTube can become a communication medium for audiences, including government agencies. The user’s responses in comments reflect the nuance of the presented video. This research aims to determine the best algorithm for classifying video types based on user comments. Several machine learning algorithms used to carry out classification are Decision Tree, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, and Logistic Regression. K-Fold Cross Validation was chosen as a method to evaluate the performance of classification algorithms based on the accuracy values. of these algorithms in classifying YouTube videos based on comments. The first experiment with the highest ratio of training and test data for each algorithm was obtained at a ratio of 90:10, with respectively 78.99%, 86.21%, 84.01%, 72.72%, and 79.31%. In the second experiment with k-fold cross validation using a ratio of 90:10, the highest accuracy for each algorithm was obtained at a value of k = 10, which was respectively 74.39%, 81.34%, 78.05%, 85.21%, and 72.15%. From these results, it can be concluded that the most suitable algorithm for classifying YouTube videos based on comments is the Random Forest algorithm with a training and test data ratio of 90:10 and SVM with 10-cross-fold validation. These results show that a larger portion of data for learning has a positive impact on algorithm performance.
Multimodal assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer
Authors:   , Janssen Liselore Maria
Published: November 2024

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC; chemotherapy administered before surgery) is increasingly used in the treatment of non-metastatic breast cancer. However, a significant proportion of patients’ tumors respond insufficiently to NAC. On the other hand, some breast cancer patients are currently overtreated with chemotherapy. Both groups experience unnecessary side effects as a result. To avoid these side effects while optimally treating the tumor, therapy must be tailored to each individual. For this, an accurate method for evaluating the response to NAC prior to surgery is essential. Ideally, this method should be minimally invasive to reduce the burden on the patient as much as possible. The research in this thesis focuses on developing such a method by combining various factors. The results show that the accuracy of radiological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments in evaluating response to NAC depends on the breast cancer subtype and the MRI's magnetic field strength. Additionally, we demonstrate that combining blood tests (so-called “liquid biopsies”) with tumor characteristics and breast MRI provides more predictive information on response likelihood than these factors do independently. Furthermore, the combination of immune cell presence in the tumor and tumor size observed on MRI improves response assessment. Finally, we show that a new method, which scores digitized microscopic images of the tumor based on the relationship between the tumor and its immune environment, is related to the response to NAC. In conclusion, the research in this dissertation demonstrates that combining various biomarkers can improve the assessment of response to NAC in breast cancer patients, bringing individualized breast cancer treatment one step closer.
Aeromedical Concerns in Asymptomatic Aviators with Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: McGregor Pei-Chun , Palileo Edwin Valencia , Haynes Jared Travis , Davenport Eddie Dean
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is disqualifying for aircrew in the U.S. Air Force (USAF), although outcomes for these patients is limited. We used data from the USAF School of Aerospace Medicine to study this population.

METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on aircrew with LBBB identified using the Central Electrocardiographic Library database. Analysis included baseline participant demographics, cardiac risk factors, and any available cardiovascular results. Critical endpoints were coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiomyopathy (CM) (left ventricular ejection fraction of <50%) and/or clinical heart failure, and death from any cause.

RESULTS: At diagnosis: 271 patients met eligibility; mean age of 40.24 ± 7.39 yr. Of the 147 (54%) patients who had coronary angiography, 7 (2.6%) had aggregate stenosis 50–119% and 5 (1.8%) had aggregate stenosis ≥120%. Two patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, with an additional 13 (4.8%) patients demonstrating left ventricular ejection fraction of <50%; 12 were nonischemic. Longitudinal data was available for 177 (65%) patients; median follow-up was 10 yr (range 0–58 yr). During this period, 2 patients developed CAD with aggregate stenosis ≥120% and 5 had myocardial infarction. There were 37 (20%) patients who developed CM. Among 41 deaths, mean age was 75.1 ± 14.1 yr. Nine were premature (<60 yr).

DISCUSSION: Asymptomatic aviators with LBBB had elevated risk for CM (20%). Association with CAD exceeded 10% at 10 yr. Findings support current USAF policy requiring extensive cardiac evaluation and follow-up for LBBB. More prospective research is needed to validate these findings.

McGregor P-C, Palileo EV, Haynes JT, Davenport ED. Aeromedical concerns in asymptomatic aviators with left bundle branch block. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(12):902–907.
Defining and Measuring Crewmember Operational State for Spaceflight Operations
Authors: Zero Michael , Klaus David , Arquilla Katya , Fanchiang Christine
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: A suite of human health and performance metrics can be used to provide a holistic cognitive, physical, and emotional view of an individual and assess how well they are integrated with the overall system during spaceflight missions. The combination of such individual metrics as defined here is notionally termed “crewmember operational state.”

METHODS: This work identifies and defines the contributing components that comprise the proposed crewmember operational state.

RESULTS: Considerations of how to measure the components in a spaceflight environment are summarized and the steps required to analyze and integrate these measurements into an operational framework are outlined. Use of the measurements and integration steps are then extended into several applications relevant to human spaceflight mission design and operations.

DISCUSSION: For the framework and applications defined here to become operationally feasible, several limitations and gaps that remain to be addressed are presented with recommended future research and enabling technology advancement needs.

Zero M, Klaus D, Arquilla K, Fanchiang C. Defining and measuring crewmember operational state for spaceflight operations. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(12):919–929.
Facial Expression Perception and Psychological Changes During Space Analogs
Authors: Van Hoy Scott
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: Facial expression perception is the process by which someone can interpret the emotion of another individual using their facial cues. Below-average scores on tests designed to measure facial expression recognition (FER) accuracies are associated with inappropriate behavioral responses and are often linked to mental or neurological disorders. Head-down bed rest microgravity analog studies show changes in facial emotion processing that may indicate a behavioral health risk during spaceflight.

METHODS: During short-duration space analog missions at two separate facilities, 15 subjects took daily FER tests before, during, and after the mission. Each test was accompanied by questionnaires measuring either potential causal or impacted variables: stress, depression, loneliness, irritability, risk-taking, empathy, and intrinsic motivation.

RESULTS: Analysis of variance and post hoc t-tests showed that during the mission, the subjects were less likely to identify angry, sad, or fearful faces as disgusted compared to the baseline. Also, interest/enjoyment and perceived competence increased throughout the mission lifecycle. Multiple regression analyses were able to account for greater than 20% of the variance for depression and health/safety risk-taking using the FER data.

DISCUSSION: Changes in FER during space mission simulations show that perception changes are not limited to microgravity analogs. A perceptual change was observed during the short-duration missions, but there is not sufficient evidence to show behavioral health impacts. However, associations between FER and the questionnaires show a potential to develop predictive models, countermeasures, or psychological monitoring tools using FER. Additional research is required to determine the efficacy of such tools during long-duration spaceflight.

Van Hoy S. Facial expression perception and psychological changes during space analogs. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(12):913–918.
The Feasibility Analysis of Multicultural Content in An Indonesian Elementary School Thematic Book
Authors: Jusup Bacharuddin , Hidayat Muhamad Taufik , Wahyudi Riza Nur , Ramadhan Aldy Tri
Published: November 2024

Kajian ini diarahkan untuk mengungkap serta menganalisis isi dan nilai-nilai pendidikan multikutural yang terkandung dalam buku siswa. Kajian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode content analysis yang mengkaji nilai-nilai pendidikan multikultural dalam buku tematik siswa BSE Kurikulum 2013 Kelas 6 Tema 2 "Persatuan dalam Perbedaan" Revisi 2018. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah untuk mengungkap kelayakan buku dinilai dari nilai-nilai budaya yang ditanamkan. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan penulis adalah teknik baca dan quote. Membaca dan menyimak dilanjutkan dengan mencatat atau mendokumentasikan berbagai temuan yang ada tentang data-data pendidikan multikultural yang masih berupa frasa, kalimat hingga paragraph. Hasil dari kajian menunjukkan buku tematik siswa BSE Kurikulum 2013 Kelas 6 Tema 2 "Persatuan dalam Perbedaan" Revisi 2018 sudah memenuhi keseluruhan dimensi-dimensi multikultural. Implikasi dari kajian ini adalah: Pertama, sekolah dapat memilih buku yang tepat dan layak dalam aspek muatan multikulturalnya. Kedua, BSE dapat mengetahui kekurangan dan diharapkan memperbaiki isi maupun ilustrasi agar sesuai dengan pendidikan multikultural.
Arap Dilinde Asla Aykırı Kıyas ile İstidlâlde Bulunma: Fesâdü’l-iʻtibâr
Authors: Kişmir Abdulkadir
Published: November 2024

Kıyas, Arap gramerinin kurallarını belirlemeye yönelik çalışmaların başlangıcından itibaren temel bir aklî yöntem olarak kullanılmıştır. Bununla beraber kıyasa yönelik farklı itirazlar yapılmıştır. Bu makalede Enbârî’nin el-İğrâb fî cedeli’l-iʻrâb adlı eserinde “Kıyasa Yapılan İtirazlar” başlığı altında kısaca değindiği, Süyûtî’nin ise el-İktirâh fî usûli’n-nahv ve cedelihi isimli çalışmasında kıyasa yöneltilen itiraz türleri anlamında “el-Kavâdih fi’l-ʻille” başlığı altında Enbârî’den doğrudan nakilde bulunduğu fesâdü’l-iʻtibâr kavramı ele alınmaktadır. Literatür taraması yönteminden istifade edilerek hazırlanan ve kıyasa yöneltilen itirazlar başlığı altındaki diğer terimleri dışarda tutarak sadece fesâdü’l-iʻtibâr kavramıyla sınırlanan bu çalışmadaki amaç söz konusu kavramı farklı örnekler üzerinden açıklamaktır. Enbârî’nin fesâdü’l-iʻtibâra yaptığı tanımın efrâdını câmi ağyârını mâni bir tanıma dönüşebilmesi için ilave olarak icmâʻ ve muttarid gibi bazı kavramların tarifte yer alabileceğine dair düşünce makalenin önemine işaret etmek için yeterli bir argüman olarak düşünülebilir. Enbârî tarafından sadece bir örnekle açıklanan kavramın farklı örnekler üzerinden detaylı bir şekilde izah edilerek daha net bir şekilde anlaşılmasına bu çalışmanın katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Diğer taraftan bu makalede ilk bakışta söz konusu kavramla yapılan kıyas eleştirilerinin gerçekte bu kavramı kapsamadığına yönelik birkaç mesele örnek verilerek fesâdü’l-iʻtibârın çerçevesi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Makalede Enbârî’den daha önce kullanılmadığı tespit edilmiş olan fesâdü’l-iʻtibâr kavramının “Araplardan nakledilen muttarid nassa (semâʻ) veya icmâʻa aykırı bir kıyas ile herhangi bir meselede istidlâlde bulunmaktır.” şeklinde tarif edilmesinin konu ile ilgili örneklere daha uygun olacağı tavsiye edilmiştir. Yapılan öncül araştırmalar sonucunda Enbârî’nin ilim dünyasına çok büyük bir ihtimalle fıkıh usulünden devşirdiği fesâdü’l-iʻtibâr ile ilgili gerek Arap dünyasında gerekse ülkemizde müstakil bir çalışmaya ulaşılmamıştır.
Econometrics and Formalism of Psychological Archetypes of Scientific Workers with Introverted Thinking Type
Authors: Knar Eldar
Published: November 2024

The chronological hierarchy and classification of psychological types of individuals are examined. The anomalous nature of psychological activity in individuals involved in scientific work is highlighted. Certain aspects of the introverted thinking type in scientific activities are analyzed. For the first time, psychological archetypes of scientists with pronounced introversion are postulated in the context of twelve hypotheses about the specifics of professional attributes of introverted scientific activities. A linear regression and Bayesian equation are proposed for quantitatively assessing the econometric degree of introversion in scientific employees, considering a wide range of characteristics inherent to introverts in scientific processing. Specifically, expressions for a comprehensive assessment of introversion in a linear model and the posterior probability of the econometric (scientometric) degree of introversion in a Bayesian model are formulated. The models are based on several econometric (scientometric) hypotheses regarding various aspects of professional activities of introverted scientists, such as a preference for solo publications, low social activity, narrow specialization, high research depth, and so forth. Empirical data and multiple linear regression methods can be used to calibrate the equations. The model can be applied to gain a deeper understanding of the psychological characteristics of scientific employees, which is particularly useful in ergonomics and the management of scientific teams and projects. The proposed method also provides scientists with pronounced introversion the opportunity to develop their careers, focusing on individual preferences and features.
Faculty Knowledge and Awareness of College Student Mental Health Resources
Authors: Tye Jessica E.
Published: November 2024

College student mental health is one of the most relevant issues in higher education today. Faculty have contact with students daily; therefore, they are uniquely positioned to recognize and support students with mental health concerns. This quantitative study surveyed 149 faculty members to assess faculty knowledge and awareness of mental health resources. Results showed some faculty lacked knowledge to recognize students with mental health concerns and were unaware of campus guidelines and places to refer students. Implications of the findings indicate faculty need to be educated about students’ mental health, informed of resources and places to refer students, and advised of institutional guidelines. Mental health and higher education professionals can educate faculty to ensure they have the knowledge to recognize and refer students to seek help, increasing the likelihood of students’ academic success.
Talking About Teaching: The Psychosocial Benefits of Critical and Compassionate Classrooms
Authors: Wheeler Durene I.
Published: November 2024

This commentary explores the psychosocial benefits of integrating critical and compassionate approaches within contemporary classrooms. Emphasizing the synergistic relationship between fostering intellectual rigor and emotional support, it highlights how such educational environments promote holistic student development. By drawing on the work of bell hooks, particularly her insights on critical thinking, teaching community, and the transformative power of love in education, the commentary delves into the ways in which these classrooms enhance critical engagement, empathy, and a sense of community among students. The discussion addresses the challenges of creating such environments and offers practical strategies for educators. Ultimately, this commentary advocates for the adoption of critical and compassionate pedagogies to cultivate both academic excellence and emotional well-being in students.
Intimate Introverts: Influence of Introversion on Self-Disclosure and Emotional Intimacy in Close Friendships
Authors: Battle Naomi , White Grace
Published: November 2024

Social isolation is identified as a leading cause of loneliness, contributing to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Friendships developed or maintained in emerging adulthood can set the stage for social support and emotional well-being that individuals experience throughout their lifespan. Understanding the social and psychological mechanisms related to developing and maintaining these social connections may provide insight into solutions for many social problems. Introverted individuals tend to have fewer social contacts due to having a lower threshold for the energy required to fuel social interactions, impacting the development and maintenance of friendships. This study clarifies how trait introversion contributes to friendship intimacy, which may affect the strength and longevity of these important interpersonal relationships. Responses from 519 college-aged women from large southeastern university in the United States to the Friendship Qualities Scale, Emotional Self-Disclosure Scale, and the Aloof-Introverted subscale of the IPIP measure were analyzed. Results indicated that introversion had a significant negative correlation with both friendship qualities and emotional self-disclosure. Thus, introverts reported reduced levels of overall friendship intimacy. The current study offers a theoretical framework to shed light on factors contributing to the epidemic of loneliness among young adults. Consequently, we may gain insight into mitigating this issue by examining how individual characteristics impact interpersonal behaviors, resulting in diminished social and emotional connections.
Association between the systemic immune-inflammation index and the outcome of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Ma Yuanji , Wang Jiayi , Du Lingyao , Tang Hong
Published: November 2024

Background

Risk factors that influence the outcome of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) are not fully understood. The systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) is an independent prognostic factor for multiple diseases. However, the impact of the SII on the outcome of liver fibrosis is unclear.

Methods

This prospective real-world study enrolled patients with CHC treated with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship between the SII and the outcome of liver fibrosis in treatment-naive patients. Liver fibrosis was assessed using aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4).

Results

Of the 288 participants, the SII was 238.2 (153.0–358.2). The non-improved outcomes of liver fibrosis assessed with APRI (non-improved APRI) and FIB-4 (non-improved FIB-4) were 83.0 and 87.5%, respectively. Adjusted models showed that the SII was positively associated with non-improved APRI (adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.013 (1.009–1.017), p < 0.001) and FIB-4 (adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.004 (1.001–1.007), p = 0.012). Similarly, a higher SII was associated with a higher risk of non-improved APRI (adjusted OR (95% CI): 13.53 (5.60–32.68), p < 0.001) and FIB-4 (adjusted OR (95% CI): 5.69 (2.17–14.90), p < 0.001). The association with non-improved APRI was much more remarkable in patients with alanine aminotransferase <2 ULN, and the association with non-improved FIB-4 was remarkable in patients aged <50 years. Multiple imputation analyses confirmed the robustness of these results.

Conclusion

Our findings suggested that the SII was positively associated with non-improved outcomes of liver fibrosis in patients with CHC. These results need to be validated in large-scale prospective cohorts.