bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EQ Training for Management Cascades Value in the Field: UCB Pharma Case in Italy
Authors: Fariselli Lorenzo , Ghini Massimiliano , Stillman Paul , Freedman Joshua
Published: December 2020

In times of rapid change, how can we support managers to meet professional challenges successfully? How can each manager become an effective change agent? How can we promote professional development at all levels and improve communication skills appropriate for the different audiences with whom they must interface? This study explores emotional intelligence (EQ) as a key to unlocking managerial performance in volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) corporate environments. Through a graduated and structured process that started in 2017, UCB Pharma Spa, a multinational pharmaceutical company, decided to invest in a pilot to develop the social and emotional skills of organizational members, from senior managers to staff associates. An action learning and change management model was used to design and facilitate the program intervention. Individual EQ and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven team assessments were used to target development efforts, as well as gather pre- and post-program data. The result was significant improvement in the quality of teamwork and people engagement, demonstrated by an increase in relational efficiency in 98% of cases.
Frozen 2: Communication Rights and the Thaw of Public Funding in Small Media Systems
Authors: Puppis Manuel , Van den Bulck Hilde , Bürdel Etienne
Published: December 2020

This contribution investigates how public funding of media can be reinterpreted to fit a communication rights–based approach to media policy. To this end, it describes and evaluates current public funding in small democratic-corporatist European media systems. While public funding is no longer “frozen” in its late twentieth-century state, as funding mechanisms have undergone significant change, when held against a rights-based approach, it appears there is a need to shift the basis for funding from safeguarding the survival of media industries to safeguarding the communication rights of citizens, allowing media to become “enablers” in executing these rights.
Public Service Media as a Political Issue: How Does the European Parliament Approach PSM and Communication Rights?
Authors: Rodríguez-Castro Marta , Campos-Freire Francisco , López-Cepeda Ana
Published: December 2020

Platform dominance, threats to media freedom and disinformation are some of the key phenomena that are shaping the current media environment in Europe and threatening citizens' communication rights. Within this context, Public Service Media (PSM) could have an important role to play, although explicit political support is needed. This article studies the main communication and PSM topics that have been discussed in the European Parliament during the past term (2014–2019) as well as the proposals drafted by political parties for the 2019 European election. The results show that the main proposals linked to PSM involve their independence and the need for increased collaboration, including the establishment of a European public service platform that would enhance the development of a European public sphere.
Stop Spreading The Data: PSM, Trust, and Third-Party Services
Authors: Sørensen Jannick Kirk , Van den Bulck Hilde , Kosta Sokol
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes problems relating to public service media use of third-party services that track, collect, and analyze user behavior. The article extends a rights-based conception of privacy to privacy as a social phenomenon based in trust, relevant to public service media as “islands of trust.” However, data of European public and private media sites show that public service media, especially those that run advertising, show few differences with private media in their use of third-party services. The European Union's (EU's) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) did significantly change this, suggesting a need for public service media to prioritize ethical values over market considerations.
Infertility insurance: What coverage exists for physician trainees?
Authors: Muncey Wade , Jesse Erin , Loeb Aram , Thirumavalavan Nannan
Published: December 2020

Introduction: We aimed to describe infertility insurance coverage provided to male and female fellows working at institutions that offer advanced infertility training.

Methods: Faculty and fellows working within U.S. and Canadian Andrology or Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (REI) programs were contacted and asked for a copy of their institutional health insurance summary of benefits. Documents were assessed for coverage of diagnosis and treatment, shared costs, and maximum lifetime coverage for infertility care.

Results: Insurance policies from 24 institutions were reviewed; 16 of 24 (66%) institutions covered costs related to the diagnosis of infertility. Six institutions (25%) offered coverage for diagnosis but not treatment. There were 15 (62.5%) institutions that offered some amount of coverage for the treatment of infertility, and the average lifetime maximum was $16 100. Only six of 24 (25%) plans explicitly described a covered male-specific treatment, which included sperm extraction (12.5%), varicocele repair (4.2%), and sperm cryopreservation (8.3%).

Conclusions: For physician trainees, infertility insurance coverage is not universal, policies are not transparent, and treatment for male factor infertility is often omitted. With high costs of infertility treatment, variable insurance coverage, and debt and time constraints, residents and fellows are a particularly vulnerable population that may experience significant financial toxicity when faced with infertility.
Upgrading on radical prostatectomy specimens of very low- and low-risk prostate cancer patients on active surveillance: A population-level analysis
Authors: Sayyid Rashid K. , Wilson Brandon , Benton John Z. , Lodh Atul , Thomas Eric F. , Goldberg Hanan , Madi Rabii , Terris Martha K. , Wallis Christopher J.D. , Klaassen Zachary
Published: December 2020

Introduction: A proportion of prostate cancer (PCa) patients initially managed with active surveillance (AS) are upgraded to a higher Gleason score (GS) at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP). Our objective was to determine predictors of upgrading on RP specimens using a national database.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Prostate with Watchful Waiting database was used to identify AS patients diagnosed with very low- or low-risk PCa who underwent delayed RP between 2010 and 2015. The primary outcome was upgrading to GS 7 disease or worse. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate demographic and oncological predictors of upgrading on final specimen.

Results: A total of 3775 men underwent RP after a period of AS, 3541 (93.8%) of whom were cT2a; 792 (21.0%) patients were upgraded on RP specimen, with 85.4%, 10.6%, and 3.4% upgraded to GS 7(3+4), 7(4+3), and 8 diseases, respectively. On multivariable analysis, higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis (5–10 vs. 0–2 ng/ml, odd ratio [OR] 2.59, p<0.001) and percent core involvement (80–100% vs. 0–20%, OR 2.52, p=0.003) were significant predictors of upgrading on final RP specimen, whereas higher socioeconomic status predicted lower odds of upgrading (highest vs. lowest quartile OR 0.75, p=0.013).

Conclusions: Higher baseline PSA and percent positive cores involvement are associated with significantly increased risk of upgrading on RP after AS, whereas higher socioeconomic status predicts lower odds of such events. These results may help identify patients at increased risk of adverse pathology on final specimen who may benefit from earlier definitive treatment.
A ciência em Luis António Verney: algumas considerações
Authors: Dos Santos Conceição Verônica Alves , Porto Cristiane De Magalhaes
Published: December 2020

O estudo aborda a Ciência a partir do pensamento de Luis António Verney (1713-1792) em sua obra O Verdadeiro Método de Estudar (1746). Tem por objetivo analisar como a Ciência se apresenta na proposta verneyniana de reformulação do sistema de ensino português, no século XVIII, ao tempo em que dialoga com as concepções emergentes de Ciência na Europa Oitocentista e com a tradição religiosa, católica, que marca a formação do autor. O texto se constitui como uma revisão bibliográfica de base teórica. Como resultado, constata-se que os aspectos internos da obra refletem o contexto socioeconômico e o cultural da Europa alinhados a formação religiosa de Verney. Conclui-se que o desenho de educação pensada para Portugal nasce da coexistência da Filosofia, da Ciência e da Religião.
Da ambiência do aluno à prática docente: olhares sobre as tecnologias digitais em sala de aula
Authors: Cerutti Elisabete , Baldo Ana Paula
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo objetiva conhecer o olhar do aluno e do professor em relação à ambiência tecnológica e verificar em que medida   essa ação pedagógica auxilia na aprendizagem. O texto resulta de um estudo realizado junto ao Grupo de Pesquisa em Educação e Tecnologias, da Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões – URI – Câmpus de Frederico Westphalen, cuja metodologia é de natureza qualitativa, descritiva, tendo como instrumento a entrevista semi-estruturada. A partir do estudo teórico e da análise dos argumentos propostos por autores da comunidade científica, estruturamos as reflexões em quatro categorias que abordam o olhar que cada segmento possui acerca das tecnologias e o quanto elas ainda podem ser melhor  aproveitadas no ambiente escolar, a conhecer: tecnologia na escola; tecnologia na sala de aula; metodologia de aprendizagem e as tecnologias digitais na escola. O texto versa sobre a relevância de refletir sobre o fazer pedagógico na premissa de que o professor pode valer-se da ambiência que o aluno possui em tecnologia na sua vida social e inseri-la no cotidiano do seu planejamento, propiciando maior interação e práticas pedagógicas mais participativas ao sujeito aluno. Constatamos a necessidade de formação continuada para que professor sinta-se mais preparado para inserir, em sua prática, artefatos tecnológicos, bem como, conhecer as linguagens e como os alunos acessam informações e podem construir conhecimento.
Segmentação de mercados e diferenciação de ofertas de logística reversa
Authors: Silva Clarice Mara Sousa e , Dias Osório Carvalho
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: apresentar bases para segmentação de mercado e diferenciação de produtos de logística reversa para o e-commerce, analisando os resultados à luz dos benefícios estabelecidos não apenas nas relações B2B, mas também considerando o ‘cliente do cliente’.Metodologia/abordagem: Pesquisa de natureza aplicada com abordagem qualitativa. Coletou-se dados dos demandantes (e-commerces), ofertantes (transportadores) e consumidores finais, analisados com as técnicas de Análise de Conteúdo e de Agrupamentos.Principais resultados: Os atributos Capilaridade, Prazos Variados, Full Service, Flexibilidade e Informação podem ser considerados bases para executar estratégias de segmentação de mercados e diferenciação de ofertas de logística reversa para e-commerces. Os atributos Informação, Flexibilidade e Full Service apresentaram maior volume de motivações para reclamação entre consumidores finais.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: As bases para a segmentação do mercado de logística reversa, quando fundamentadas em benefícios estabelecidos não apenas nas relações B2B, mas também no consumidor final – B2B2C, sugere que a abordagem conceitual de segmentação B2B2C (Brotspies Weinstein, 2017) encontra evidências no ambiente logístico.Relevância/originalidade: O estudo apresenta evidências inéditas relativas à abordagem conceitual de segmentação B2B2C no mercado de e-commerce brasileiro, onde tradicionalmente os estudos focam em apenas um lado da cadeia (B2B ou B2C), não realizando conexões na cadeia de relacionamento ampliada (B2B2C).Implicações para a gestão ou sociais: Os atributos Capilaridade, Prazos Variados, Full Service, Flexibilidade e Informação colaboram com a ampliação do escopo de estratégias de segmentação de mercados e diferenciação de ofertas do B2B para o B2B2C.
Capacidades de marketing e vantagem competitiva de destinos turísticos
Authors: Alves Carlos Alberto , Costa Benny Kramer
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar em um determinado grupo de destinos turístico o efeito potencial de mediação das capacidades de marketing (capacidade de inovação de serviços, capacidade de branding, hospitalidade e gestão de relacionamento com o cliente) na relação estabelecida entre a orientação para o mercado e a vantagem competitiva das empresas do setor de hospitalidade e sua influência na competitividade do destino turísticoMetodologia: Um levantamento foi realizado em 8 cidades turísticas, totalizando 472 empresas do setor de hospitalidade. Como o objetivo do estudo é verificar a relação e a mediação entre construtos a técnica estatística escolhida foi Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (MEE).Principais resultados: O primeiro resultado foi comprovar a existência da relação entre a orientação para o mercado e a vantagem competitiva depois foi possível empiricamente demonstrar que a capacidade de inovação, capacidade de branding, hospitalidade fazem mediação entre a relação da orientação para o mercado e a vantagem competitiva.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: As principais contribuições deste artigo são demonstrar as relações de mediação das capacidades de marketing (capacidade de inovação de serviços, capacidade de branding, hospitalidade e gestão de relacionamento com o cliente) na relação entre orientação para o mercado e a vantagem competitiva.
The visions of global salvation in Juliusz Słowacki’s messianic thought and the philosophical works of Teilhard de Chardin
Authors: Krysowski Olaf
Published: December 2020

Juliusz Słowacki and Teilhard de Chardin did not have much in common. The former was a Polish poet who wrote in the first half of the 19th century using a literary-pictorial style. The latter, on the other hand, was a French philosopher working in the first half of the 20th century using a scientific and intellectual style. In spite of these differences, one may get the impression that they both followed the same goal: to learn and explain the principles of the development of the world, from its origin to its end, from Alpha to Omega. This aspiration was accompanied by a belief (in Słowacki’s case, a messianic one) that the progress of existence leads to salvation and takes place according to a certain plan. One of the main mecha- nisms of this plan is the process of lifting the consciousness through the evolution of various biological forms towards its final shape – unity with God who is both a person and the absolute which encompasses all of the creation. Although the poet and the philosopher used different communication codes, their works share a common vision of evolution as a transition from an unconscious, dispersed exist- ence to a united being in which the spirit, the knowledge and the mind can achieve a “global”, yet personalized level.
Self-destruction and self-salvation in Emma Jeleńska-Dmochowska’s novels
Authors: Banot Aleksanra E.
Published: December 2020

Emma Jeleńska-Dmochowska’s novels: Young Lady (1899), The Ring (1907), Woman, Miserable Fluff... (1909) seem to be an insightful, though probably unintentional, study of female self-destruction. At the root of this self-destruction is always the male element – the character of a father or brother, cousin, husband. A man who – through a relationship of kinship or affinity – gives the female heroin her status and defines her identity, and who is (or was) the owner or co-owner of the landed property located in the Polesian borderlands.
Such story patterns and creations of the heroines are already implemented by the works of Eliza Orzeszkowa (e.g. Two Poles, 1893) and Maria Rodziewiczówna (e.g. Dewajtis, 1889). In my article, I want to trace the similarities (and differences) between the narratives of Jeleńska-Dmochowska and Orzeszkowa. I am also interested in reflecting on whether the analyzed novels of the Rose and Fly author really have such a pessimistic tone. It seems that in these stories of self-destruction one can find their reverses – stories of self-salvation. Finally – I would like to think about the consequences of this double interpretation for the reception of Jeleńska-Dmochowska’s work.
Antropomorphic metaphors in Stefan Grabiński`s novellas
Authors: Targosz Daria
Published: December 2020

In Stefan Grabiński’s works, the artist often uses metaphors to attribute anthropomorphic phenomena to non-human ones. This sketch is an attempt to look at examples of anthropomorphic metaphors in Stefan Grabiński`s novellas in terms of their ideological and artistic functions. The aim of this analysis is to verify whether the use of anthropomorphic metaphors is connected with attributing created worlds with non-realistic properties. For this purpose, it is worth interpreting and explaining the treatments used by the author, including their linguistic aspect, asking the question about the relation between the employed stylistic means and the effect of the created image of reality, and about the consequences of this way of constructing the world presented in Grabiński’s works.
The phenomenon of the diversity of Jewish languages – a historical perspective
Authors: Żurek Piotr
Published: December 2020

Throughout their history, Jews have repeatedly lived in environments of foreign culture and language. In a foreign area they were a minority, which is why they quickly succumbed to the linguistic pressure of the environment. In addition to their native language, they began to use the language of the natives. They became bilingual. The contact of these two languages caused the occurrence of the process of interference (overlapping of languages), which consists in departing from the norm of one of the languages in the speech of a bilingual person. As a result of interference, a number of phonetic, morphological and lexical changes occur in the colloquial use of these languages. The next phase of language contact was the change of language. As a result of the change of language, the features of one of the languages were replaced by the features of the other, usually the language of the environment. As a result, the last phase of language contact was the process of forming a new hybrid language e.g. Yiddish or Judeoespañol.
Moral rules for the word. A few remarks from the perspective of linguistics, philosophy and religious ethics
Authors: Dziurosz-Serafinowicz Dominika
Published: December 2020

In this paper, I present some directives concerning the ethical use of speech and conversation. I focus on three areas – linguistics, philosophy and religion – and moral rules elaborated there with regard to what should and what should not be revealed by words. From the point of view of linguistics, I analyse modern principles of politeness and maxims of conversation. From the point of view of philosophical reflection, I consider ancient ethics of speech, and in particular: the three sieves of Socrates, rhetoric (lat. ars bene dicendi), and the Aristotelian golden mean. From the point of view of religion, I show the moral rules for words in Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, Confucianism, and the Toltec faith.
Wpływ stosowania alkoholu przez pracowników na stan bezpieczeństwa pracy na rusztowaniach budowlanych
Authors: Szóstak Mariusz , Sawicki Marek , Konior Jarosław , Nowobilski Tomasz , Stachoń Tomasz
Published: December 2020

Troska o pracownika jest istotna z punktu widzenia bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy. Oznacza to zmniejszenie wypadków oraz wzrost zainteresowania zdrowiem publicznym. Oczywiste jest, że spożywanie alkoholu jest uznawane za poważne zagrożenie dla życia, zdrowia, a także bezpieczeństwa pracowników. Celem badań była identyfikacja głównych problemów, jakie wiążą się z nadużywaniem i spożywaniem alkoholu w pracy wśród pracowników branży budowlanej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem stanowisk pracy, na których wykonywane są prace na rusztowaniach budowlanych.
Dane do analizy uzyskano z dwóch różnych źródeł. Pierwszą z nich była dokumentacja powypadkowa dotycząca wypadków przy pracy (analiza grupy 219 osób poszkodowanych
w wypadkach przy pracy na rusztowaniach budowlanych w latach 2008–2017). Drugą były ankiety zebrane podczas projektu badawczego. Niniejszy projekt opiera się na modelu oceny ryzyka wystąpienia katastrof budowlanych, wypadków oraz niebezpiecznych zdarzeń na stanowiskach pracy z wykorzystaniem rusztowań (analiza 573 badań ankietowych osób pracujących na budowach obejmujących 120 rusztowań) zdrowie i bezpieczeństwo, stanowisko pracy, wypadki przy pracy,
Cycling Sociability and Sport in Belle Époque France: the Véloce-club bordelais (1878–92)
Authors: Dauncey Hugh
Published: December 2020

The short-lived Véloce-club bordelais (1878-92) was one of France’s leading Belle époque cycling clubs. Although provincial, it was influential in developing cycle-sport nationally, including creating Bordeaux-Paris (1891), one of the founding races of cycling as a developing sport. Study of the internal life of the club shows how its social and sporting identity negotiated centrifugual and centripital forces within the institutional framework of associationism. Searching for the best organisational model for cycling sport and associativity in a period of rapid change in French sport and society, the club was refounded on a number of occasions but, despite many achievements, ultimately collapsed. As an early pioneer club, the Véloce-club bordelais (VCB) was partly a victim of its own success: having struggled to create a new ecosystem of cycling as sport and sociability, changing interests of Bordeaux’s social elite in new, motorised pursuits, or to cycle-touring rather than racing, removed the raison d’être of the club. The club’s demise subsequently created space in the sports-scape for new cycling clubs and other sports associations. Detailed analysis of club activities, internal organisation and management, membership and finances is enabled by its symbiotic relationship with the Véloce-Sport newspaper, which published and discussed much of the club’s sporting, social and administrative life. Close interpretation of the VCB’s brief but intense history shows how sporting sociability intersected with local government, politics and society and how the internal functioning of sports associations in France’s Belle époque demonstrates the significance of sports clubs as part of civil society.
Nelson Paillou et la transformation du handball en France (1942–1982) : Entre discours et réalités
Authors: Cardin Lise , Bolz Daphné , Saint-Martin Jean
Published: December 2020

Nelson Paillou can be considered a major sports leader of the second half of 20th century France. He was president of the French Handball Federation from 1964 to 1982, vice-president and eventually president of the French National Olympic and Sports Committee (CNOSF) from 1971 to 1993, and a key person in the foundation of the French association for violence-free sport and fair play. Based on printed sources and on personal as well as institutional archives, this article questions the role Paillou played in the development of French sport. First, Paillou worked to introduce and disseminate handball in France, and he developed a policy to enable masses of people to learn to play handball across the country. As such, he targeted the French youth and founded a national executive for handball technique in order to structure the supervision of players of all levels, from initiation up to the elite level. Second, Nelson Paillou also contributed to the recognition and visibility of handball in France and at European and international levels. He developed a significant communication policy and assured a remarkable presence at all handball events in order to reinforce his choices in terms of management and diffusion of the game. Finally, it appears that during the second half of the 20th century, Paillou, who strongly supported the ideals of Pierre de Coubertin, emerged as a promotor of humanist values in sport and in handball. His position against sponsors and some kind of professionalism was overcome with difficulties but it was necessary to open French handball to the international field. Paillou presented himself as an ambiguous French sports leader who sometimes took contradictory decisions. However, Paillou’s resolutions reflected the choices of an opportunistic leader in front of the transformation of sport in a period marked by the arrival of show business and professionalism.
Challenges and Technical Advances in Flood Early Warning Systems (FEWSs)
Authors: Perera Duminda , Seidou Ousmane , Agnihotri Jetal , Mehmood Hamid , Rasmy Mohamed
Published: December 2020

Flood early warning systems (FEWSs)—one of the most common flood-impact mitigation measures—are currently in operation globally. The UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) strongly advocates for an increase in their availability to reach the targets of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Comprehensive FEWS consists of four components, which includes (1) risk knowledge, (2) monitoring and forecasting, (3) warning, dissemination, and communication, and (4) response capabilities. Operational FEWSs have varying levels of complexity, depending on available data, adopted technology, and know-how. There are apparent differences in sophistication between FEWSs in developed countries that have the financial capabilities, technological infrastructure, and human resources and developing countries where FEWSs tend to be less advanced. Fortunately, recent advances in remote sensing, artificial intelligence (AI), information technologies, and social media are leading to significant changes in the mechanisms of FEWSs and provide the opportunity for all FEWSs to gain additional capability. These technologies are an opportunity for developing countries to overcome the technical limitations that FEWSs have faced so far. This chapter aims to discuss the challenges in FEWSs in brief and exposes technological advances and their benefits in flood forecasting and disaster mitigation.
Climatic Variation and Its Impacts on Yield and Water Requirement of Crops in Indian Central Himalaya
Authors: Prakash Yadav Ram , Chandra Panday Suresh , Kumar Jitendra , Kumar Bisht Jaideep , Singh Meena Vijay , Choudhary Mahipal , Nath Shyam , Parihar Manoj , Prasad Meena Rajendra
Published: December 2020

Climate is most important factor affecting agriculture, and issues related to climate and its implications have attracted attention of policy makers globally. The farm sector, particularly marginal ecosystems in mountains are vulnerable because of unpredictable variation and severe sink limitations. Efforts to impart resilience to farm and its allied sector are an urgent need. The climatic parameters play very important role to determine type of crops, cattle rearing and the life style adopted by the people. Moreover, weather has a significant impact on crop growth and development. Weather plays a vital role and affects the production and productivity of the crops. According to an estimate, weather contributes 67% variation in productivity and rest of the factors (soil, nutrient and management practices etc.) accounts for 33%. Therefore, there is a need of in-depth analysis of each meteorological parameters and identification of their trend over the years in order to identify and adapt suitable agriculture practices, better adaptable crops, varieties and their duration, time of field preparation, sowing time and irrigation as per the climatic conditions of the region. This will lead farming community to plan strategies of agriculture operation to obtain optimum yield. The climatic data from the meteorological observatory of ICAR-VPKAS, Hawalbagh located at mid hill condition (1250 m amsl) were analyzed for different periods (annual, seasonal, monthly, weekly). It was revealed that rainfall is decreasing over the years but significant (P < 0.05) decrease was recorded at mid hills. The maximum temperature is increasing significantly (P < 0.05) during post-monsoon and winter season however decreasing in monsoon season whereas minimum temperature is decreasing round the year. These changes in rainfall and temperatures are affecting production and productivity of the crops, as hills are largely rainfed. In terms of crop water demand, there is no need to apply irrigation during the rainy season except the transplanted rice. However, during the winter season as there is more than 60% of water deficit to irrigate the crops. The proper understanding of climate is necessary to bring sustainability in hill agriculture by adjusting crop sowing window and other operations as per suitability of the climate.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungi as a Tool for Sustainable Agricultural System
Authors: Chahal Kavita , Gupta Vaishali , Kumar Verma Naveen , Chaurasia Anand , Rana Babita
Published: December 2020

A sustainable agriculture is a type of agriculture that focuses on producing long-term crops and livestock without having any adverse effect on the environment. However, agricultural malpractices like excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as climate change have aggravated the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses on crop productivity. These led to the degradation of ecosystem, leaving bad impacts on the soil qualities and water body environment. As an alternative to the rising agricultural energy, the use of Vesicular– Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (AM) may be a better option. Being natural root symbionts, AM provide essential inorganic nutrients to host plants, thereby improving its growth and yield even under stressed conditions. AM fungi can also potentially strengthen the adaptability of a plant to the changing environment, as a bio-fertilizer. The chapter provides a comprehensive up-to-date knowledge on AM fungi as a tool for sustainable agricultural system. Thus, further research focusing on the AM -mediated promotion of crop quality and productivity is needed.
Prospects for Molecular Breeding in Cotton,Gossypiumspp
Authors: S. Katageri Ishwarappa , Anjan Gowda S. , B.N Prashanth , Biradar Mahesh , M Rajeev , S. Patil Rajesh
Published: December 2020

Conventional breeding interventions in cotton have been successful and these techniques have doubled the productivity of cotton, but it took around 40 years. One of the techniques of molecular biology i.e., genetic engineering has brought significant improvement in productivity within the year of introduction. With cotton genomics maturing, many reference genomes and related genomic resources have been developed. Newer wild species have been discovered and many countries are conserving genetic resources within and between species. This valuable germplasm can be exchanged among countries for increasing cotton productivity. As many as 249 Mapping and Association studies have been carried out and many QTLs have been discovered and it is high time for researchers to get into fine-mapping studies. Techniques of genomic selection hold valuable trust for deciphering quantitative traits like fiber quality and productivity since they take in to account all minor QTLs. There are just two studies involving genomic selection in cotton, underlining its huge prospects in cotton research. Genome editing and transformation techniques have been widely used in cotton with as many as 65 events being developed across various characters, and eight studies carried out using crisper technology. These promising technologies have huge prospects for cotton production sustainability.
Diversity of the Owl Species in the Amazon Region
Authors: Juhani Mikkola Heimo
Published: December 2020

The Amazon basin is the largest tropical rainforest in the world covering almost 40 per cent of the South American continent. For centuries, its vastness and inaccessibility have been protecting this area. The general belief is that the Amazonia region has unparalleled biodiversity which means that one in five of all bird species known in the globe lives in the Amazon Jungle. The author is testing this claim against the known occurrence of the world owl species. There are fewer owl species in Amazonia than expected namely 34 (against 54 expected). Two possible reasons are that our knowledge of the Amazon region species is still incomplete as may be indicated that new owl species have been found recently. The other reason could be that the rainforest is not after all the most wanted biotope for many of the owl species which often depend on the prey available in the bottom tier of the forest which is flooded during the wet season. Whatever the reason is, more detailed research is needed on all species of the Amazon region as there must be many new owls and other animal species out there waiting to be discovered. We have no idea how many of those new species have been or will be lost due to the rainforest destruction before they can be discovered. Therefore, it is necessary to stop deforestation in the Amazonia, be it due to forest logging, uncontrolled fires (often deliberately set) agriculture expansion or industrial development. Deforestation is not the only reason that the Amazon basin is changing. The rainforest suffers also from the global climate change when the higher temperatures reduce the rainfall in the tropical Atlantic region, causing drought and increasing the fire susceptibility of the rainforest. Luckily the owls are not so sensitive to surrounding forest cover as many other tropical forest-dependent bird species, like the large-bodied avian frugivores. Impacts of forest fragmentation on owls will need additional research.
Phase Equilibria for Carbon Capture and Storage
Authors: Secuianu Catinca , Sima Sergiu
Published: December 2020

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an important material in many industries but is also representing more than 80% of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Anthropogenic carbon dioxide accumulates in the atmosphere through burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) in power plants and energy production facilities, and solid waste, trees, and other biological materials. It is also the result of certain chemical reactions in different industry (e.g., cement and steel industries). Carbon capture and storage (CCS), among other options, is an essential technology for the cost-effective mitigation of anthropogenic CO2 emissions and could contribute approximately 20% to CO2 emission reductions by 2050, as recommended by International Energy Agency (IEA). Although CCS has enormous potential in numerous industries and petroleum refineries due their large CO2 emissions, a significant impediment to its utilization on a large scale remains both operating and capital costs. It is possible to reduce the costs of CCS for the cases where industrial processes generate pure or rich CO2 gas streams, but they are still an obstacle to its implementation. Therefore, significant interest was dedicated to the development of improved sorbents with increased CO2 capacity and/or reduced heat of regeneration. However, recent results show that phase equilibria, transport properties (e.g., viscosity, diffusion coefficients, etc.) and other thermophysical properties (e.g., heat capacity, density, etc.) could have a significant effect on the price of the carbon. In this context, we focused our research on the phase behavior of physical solvents for carbon dioxide capture. We studied the phase behavior of carbon dioxide and different classes of organic substances, to illustrate the functional group effect on the solvent ability to dissolve CO2. In this chapter, we explain the role of phase equilibria in carbon capture and storage. We describe an experimental setup to measure phase equilibria at high-pressures and working procedures for both phase equilibria and critical points. As experiments are usually expensive and very time consuming, we present briefly basic modeling of phase behavior using cubic equations of state. Phase diagrams for binary systems at high-pressures and their construction are explained. Several examples of phase behavior of carbon dioxide + different classes of organic substances binary systems at high-pressures with potential role in CCS are shown. Predictions of the global phase diagrams with different models are compared with experimental literature data.
La inviolabilidad regia en perspectiva comparada: revisión histórica e interpretaciones contemporáneas
Authors: Escajedo San Epifanio Leyre
Published: December 2020

Recurriendo a García Pelayo, son bastantes los elementos de los actuales sistemas democráticos en los que cabría hallar, sobre todo en lo formal, una cierta homogeneidad armónica con sus precedentes históricos o referentes de Derecho comparado. De todos ellos, sin embargo, parece que la inviolabilidad regia es uno de los pocos —sino el único— de los elementos en los que se duda si las previsiones constitucionales deben interpretarse dentro del marco sistemático que les da cobijo o si, por el contrario, cabe la posibilidad de eludir ese marco y basarse en antecedentes históricos o referentes comparados para proceder a su interpretación. Pareciera que, al menos respecto del estatuto regio, se defiende no sólo una cierta suprapositividad sino, incluso, la supuesta existencia anclaje preconstitucional inamovible, ubicado lejos del alcance de la soberanía que reside en el pueblo. Desde la perspectiva del Derecho constitucional, aunque sin perder de vista la historiografía y, hasta cierto punto, la Psicología política, este trabajo aborda el estudio de dicho fenómeno, procediendo a una revisión histórica de la inviolabilidad regia y al análisis de las interpretaciones contemporáneas de la misma.Recalling García Pelayo, there are quite a few elements of the current democratic systems in which it would be possible to find, especially in formal terms, a certain harmonic homogeneity with their historical precedents or comparative law references. Of all of them, however, it seems that royal inviolability is one of the few —if not the only one— of the elements in which it is doubted whether the current constitutional provisions should be interpreted within the systematic framework that shelters them or whether, on the contrary, it is possible to circumvent this framework and rely on historical antecedents or comparative references to proceed with its interpretation. It would seem that, at least with respect to the royal statute, not only a certain suprapositive nature is defended, but even the supposed existence of an immovable pre-constitutional anchor, situated far from the reach of the sovereignty that resides in the people. From the perspective of Constitutional law, although without losing sight of historiography and, to a certain extent, Political psychology, this work addresses the study of this phenomenon, proceeding to a historical review of royal inviolability and an analysis of contemporary interpretations of it.
Diagnóstico de áreas agrícolas sob diferentes usos e manejos com o auxílio de ferramentas multivariadas
Authors: Alves Mateus Higo Daves , Sousa Junior Pedro Moreira de , Lima Junior Joaquim Alves de , Costa Janile dos Nascimento , Nascimento Suziane Magalhães do , Teixeira Orivan Maria Marques , Gonçalves Auriane Consolação da Silva
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo propõe a utilização de métodos quimiométricos como instrumento de determinação dos parâmetros de fertilidade, nutrição, micronutrientes e física do solo mais relevantes em áreas agrícolas. A área de estudo está localizada no nordeste do estado do Pará, Brasil, são avaliadas tuas áreas, a primeira com Pimenta-do-Reino (Piper nigrum L.) e Açaí (Euterpe oleoracea), foram selecionadas uma gleba homogênea para realizar a coleta do solo, amostras deformadas e indeformadas, avaliando propriedades químicas, físicas e hídricas de ambos os solos. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise descritiva, teste F nos dados e posteriormente a Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) e a Análise de Agrupamento Hierárquico (AAH), onde foi possível detectar parâmetros característicos para área e com isso auxiliar na tomada de decisão do manejo.
Criterion Dendrometer as a non-destructive method for dendrometric estimations of native species in Western Amazon
Authors: Biazatti Scheila Cristina , Môra Rômulo , Sccoti Marta Silvana Volpato , Brito Júnior João Fideles de , Queiroz Nayara dos Santos , Curto Rafaella de Angeli
Published: December 2020

The use of non-destructive approach for measurement in native environments is still a challenge given the ecology of natural forests. In this sense, the present study aimed to verify the accuracy of the Criterion RD1000® optical dendrometer in the diametric and volumetric estimates of native species in a forest concession area, in Western Amazon. A total of 41 trees were measured at the FMU (Forest Management Unit) III, Flona (National Forest) of Jamari, Rondônia, Brazil, by non-destructive approach (standing tree), using Criterion RD1000® optical dendrometers (indirect measurements), and by destructive approach (felled tree), using a taper and a caliper (indirect measurements). Diameter measurements were made along the commercial trunk every two meters from 1.30 m of the soil (DBH) by Smalian, and the volume was calculated by height classes and for all commercial trunk. The variables were compared by means tests, residue graphs and bias analysis, mean absolute differences and standard deviations of differences. Statistical differences were obtained for heights >13,30 m and for the whole commercial trunk. For class and commercial volumes there was no difference between the tree volume determination approaches, however, there was a tendency to overestimate. Therefore, the non-destructive approach using Criterion RD1000® is presented as an alternative for the tree volume determination, nevertheless, the observed tendencies, in greater heights, reflect the limitations of trunk visualization and the device operation.
Estimativa de temperaturas favoráveis para o desenvolvimento da avicultura
Authors: Borges Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza , Mendoza Zaíra Morais dos Santos Hurtado de , Morais Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo ajustar os dados de temperaturas ocorridas no município de Santo Antônio de Leverger-MT, aplicando-se diversas Funções Densidade de Probabilidade. Foram analisadas as séries históricas de temperaturas mínimas e máximas diárias, obtidas no Banco de Dados Meteorológicos para o Ensino e Pesquisa (BDMEP) do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia.  Para a pesquisa considerou-se o período de janeiro de 1987 a dezembro de 2019, registradas na Estação Meteorológica Convencional Padre Ricardo Remetter. Com auxílio da planilha EXCEL e do programa R, obtiveram-se as principais estatísticas descritivas dos dados, baseadas nas medidas de posição e dispersão e elaboraram-se os diagramas de caixa para cada mês e tipo de temperatura extrema com a finalidade de constatar as características da distribuição.  Em seguida, os dados mensais de cada temperatura foram agrupados em dez (10) classes, adotando-se a Regra de Sturges, para facilitar a definição do modelo probabilístico. Os dados de temperaturas mínimas e máximas foram ajustados às cinco distribuições probabilísticas, a seguir: Normal, Log Normal, Gama, Gumbel e Weibull. Na sequência, foi verificada a aderência dos dados à essas distribuições aplicando-se o teste de Qui-Quadrado. Foi constatado que os valores da temperatura mínima diária se ajustaram adequadamente à distribuição Normal para todos os meses, porém, os valores de temperatura máxima somente nos meses de janeiro até abril e de outubro até dezembro. Já, os meses de maio até setembro foram modelados aplicando-se a distribuição Gama. Logo, com base nas distribuições representativas dos meses para cada temperatura, elaborou-se um gráfico de barras empilhadas para estimar a probabilidade de ocorrência da temperatura mensal, classificada em muito fria, adequada e muito quente para a avicultura. Concluiu-se que As Funções Densidade de Probabilidade (FDP) foram adequadas, precisas e confiáveis para o ajuste dos dados diários de temperaturas extremas (mínima e máxima) em cada mês do ano, no município de Santo Antônio de Leverger-MT. Os modelos obtidos possibilitaram definir os limites favoráveis para o desenvolvimento da avicultura e estimar a probabilidade de ocorrência das três categorias de temperaturas nesse município. A metodologia adotada apresentou-se como excelente ferramenta para predizer os valores de temperaturas mínimas e máximas ao longo do ano no referido município, auxiliando no planejamento da construção de aviários e seu respectivo sistema de ventilação.
Entomofauna associada Ã couve em pequenas propriedades rurais em Lucas do Rio Verde, Mato Grosso
Authors: Gemelli Arthur Yoshio , Barreto Marliton Rocha
Published: December 2020

Os insetos associados à couve possuem importância ambiental, uma vez que eles estão ligados ao desenvolvimento direto e indireto desta cultura. A couve está presente na mesa de muitos brasileiros, o que gera demanda ao homem do campo para produzí-la e comercializá-la e são os agricultores familiares os responsáveis por quase toda produção de couve, embora nem sempre estão munidos de conhecimento e assistência técnica. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar a entomofauna associada ao cultivo da couve em 10 pequenas propriedades em Lucas do Rio Verde (Mato Grosso) na área de transição Cerrado-Amazônia. Em cada uma delas, foram realizadas 18 coletas durante maio de 2018 a abril de 2019, totalizando 180 coletas, realizadas a cada 20 dias. Os insetos foram capturados por meio de armadilhas adesivas amarelas e identificados ao nível de família e, quando possível, identificados ao nível de espécie. Foram coletados 64.194 insetos em 540 armadilhas, pertencentes a 46 famílias, sendo as mais abundantes Ceratopogonidae, Cicadellidae e Aleyrodidae, respectivamente. Foi possível identificar cinco insetos-praga (Agrotis ípsilon, Ascia monuste, Bemisia sp., Diabrotica speciosa e Plutella xylostella), cinco famílias de insetos parasitoides (Braconidae, Chalcididae, Diapriidae, Ichneumonidae e Pteromalidae) e 11 famílias de insetos predadores (Anthocoridae, Carabiidae, Chrysopidae, Coccinelidae, Coreidae, Forficulidae, Mantidae, Pentatomidae, Reduviidae, Syrphidae e Vespidae). Foram identificadas duas guildas, os insetos-predadores e insetos-pragas. A população de insetos associados à couve sofre influência das culturas adjacentes e o conhecimento, monitoramento e conservação dessa diversidade de insetos é importante para a manutenção da cultura no campo, para as tomadas de decisão frente ao controle de pragas bem como possibilita o fortalecimento do uso de práticas conservacionistas e, consequentemente, produtos com maior qualidade.