bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations of Allostatic Load with Level of and Change in Cognitive Function Among Middle-Aged and Older Hispanic/Latino Adults: The Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA)
Authors: Estrella Mayra L. , Tarraf Wassim , Kuwayama Sayaka , Gallo Linda C. , Salazar Christian R. , Stickel Ariana M. , Mattei Josiemer , Vásquez Priscilla M. , Eldeirawi Kamal M. , Perreira Krista M. , Penedo Frank J. , Isasi Carmen R. , Cai Jianwen , Zeng Donglin , González Hector M. , Daviglus Martha L. , Lamar Melissa
Published: May 2024

Background:

Higher allostatic load (AL), a multi-system measure of physiological dysregulation considered a proxy for chronic stress exposure, is associated with poorer global cognition (GC) in older non-Hispanic white adults. However, evidence of these associations in middle-aged and older US-based Hispanic/Latino adults is limited.

Objective:

To examine associations of AL with level of cognition, performance in cognition 7 years later, and change in cognition over 7 years among middle-aged and older US-based Hispanic/Latino adults.

Methods:

We used data ( n = 5,799, 45–74 years at baseline) from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and SOL-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA). The AL score comprised 16 biomarkers representing cardiometabolic, glucose, cardiopulmonary, parasympathetic, and inflammatory systems (higher scores = greater dysregulation). Cognitive outcomes included GC and individual tests of verbal learning and memory, world fluency (WF), Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS), and Trail Making (Parts A & B). Survey-linear regressions assessed associations of AL with performance in cognition at baseline, 7 years later, and via 7-year cognitive change scores adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and depressive symptoms.

Results:

Higher AL was associated with lower baseline performance in GC and WF; and lower 7-year follow-up performance in these same measures plus DSS and Trail Making Parts A & B. Higher AL was associated with more pronounced 7-year change (reduction) in GC and on WF and DSS tests.

Conclusions:

Findings extend previous evidence in predominantly older non-Hispanic white cohorts to show that AL is related to level of and change in GC (as well as WF and DSS) among middle-aged and older US-based Hispanic/Latino adults.
Network Hyperexcitability in Early-Stage Alzheimer’s Disease: Evaluation of Functional Connectivity Biomarkers in a Computational Disease Model
Authors: Stam Cornelis Jan , de Haan Willem
Published: May 2024

Background:

There is increasing evidence from animal and clinical studies that network hyperexcitability (NH) may be an important pathophysiological process and potential target for treatment in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Measures of functional connectivity (FC) have been proposed as promising biomarkers for NH, but it is unknown which measure has the highest sensitivity for early-stage changes in the excitation/inhibition balance.

Objective:

We aim to test the performance of different FC measures in detecting NH at the earliest stage using a computational approach.

Methods:

We use a whole brain computational model of activity dependent degeneration to simulate progressive AD pathology and NH. We investigate if and at what stage four measures of FC (amplitude envelope correlation corrected [AECc], phase lag index [PLI], joint permutation entropy [JPE] and a new measure: phase lag time [PLT]) can detect early-stage AD pathophysiology.

Results:

The activity dependent degeneration model replicates spectral changes in line with clinical data and demonstrates increasing NH. Compared to relative theta power as a gold standard the AECc and PLI are shown to be less sensitive in detecting early-stage NH and AD-related neurophysiological abnormalities, while the JPE and the PLT show more sensitivity with excellent test characteristics.

Conclusions:

Novel FC measures, which are better in detecting rapid fluctuations in neural activity and connectivity, may be superior to well-known measures such as the AECc and PLI in detecting early phase neurophysiological abnormalities and in particular NH in AD. These markers could improve early diagnosis and treatment target identification.
Socio-Cognitive Determinants of Lifestyle Behavior in the Context of Dementia Risk Reduction: A Population-Based Study in the Netherlands
Authors: Bruinsma Jeroen , Loukas Vasileios S. , Kassiotis Thomas , Heger Irene , Rosenberg Anna , Visser Leonie N. C. , Mangialasche Francesca , Fotiadis Dimitrios I. , Hanke Sten , Crutzen Rik
Published: May 2024

Background:

Unhealthy behavior increases the risk of dementia. Various socio-cognitive determinants influence whether individuals persist in or alter these unhealthy behaviors.

Objective:

This study identifies relevant determinants of behavior associated to dementia risk.

Methods:

4,104 Dutch individuals (40–79 years) completed a screening questionnaire exploring lifestyle behaviors associated with dementia risk. Subsequently, 3,065 respondents who engaged in one or more unhealthy behaviors completed a follow-up questionnaire investigating socio-cognitive determinants of these behaviors. Cross-tables were used to assess the accuracy of participants’ perceptions regarding their behavior compared to recommendations. Confidence Interval-Based Estimation of Relevance (CIBER) was used to identify the most relevant determinants of behavior based on visual inspection and interpretation.

Results:

Among the respondents, 91.3% reported at least one, while 65% reported two or more unhealthy lifestyle behaviors associated to dementia risk. Many of them were not aware they did not adhere to lifestyle recommendations. The most relevant determinants identified include attitudes (i.e., lacking a passion for cooking and finding pleasure in drinking alcohol or smoking), misperceptions on social comparisons (i.e., overestimating healthy diet intake and underestimating alcohol intake), and low perceived behavioral control (i.e., regarding changing physical inactivity, altering diet patterns, and smoking cessation).

Conclusions:

Individual-level interventions that encourage lifestyle change should focus on enhancing accurate perceptions of behaviors compared to recommendations, while strengthening perceived control towards behavior change. Given the high prevalence of dementia risk factors, combining interventions at both individual and environmental levels are likely to be the most effective strategy to reduce dementia on a population scale.
Pharmacologic and Nutritional Interventions for Early Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zeng Baoqi , Tang Chunbian , Wang Junjian , Yang Qingqing , Ren Qingcuo , Liu Xiaozhi
Published: May 2024

Background:

Early intervention is essential for meaningful disease modification in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Objective:

We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic and nutritional interventions for early AD.

Methods:

PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from database inception until 1 September 2023. We included randomized controlled trials that evaluated the efficacy of interventions in early AD. Only interventions that demonstrated efficacy compared to placebo were included in the network meta-analysis (NMA). Then we performed frequentist fixed-effects NMA to rank the interventions. GRADE criteria were used to evaluate the level of evidence.

Results:

Fifty-eight trials including a total of 33,864 participants and 48 interventions were eligible for inclusion. Among the 48 interventions analyzed, only 6 (12.5%) treatments— ranging from low to high certainty— showed significant improvement in cognitive decline compared to placebo. High certainty evidence indicated that donanemab (standardized mean difference [SMD] –0.239, 95% confidence interval [CI] –0.343 to –0.134) and lecanemab (SMD –0.194, 95% CI –0.279 to –0.108) moderately slowed the clinical progression in patients with amyloid pathology. Additionally, methylphenidate, donepezil, LipiDiDiet, and aducanumab with low certainty showed significant improvement in cognitive decline compared to placebo. However, there was no significant difference in serious adverse events as reported between the six interventions and placebo.

Conclusions:

Only 12.5% of interventions studied demonstrated efficacy in reducing cognitive impairment in early AD. Donanemab and lecanemab have the potential to moderately slow the clinical progression in patients with amyloid pathology. Further evidence is required for early intervention in AD.
Comparison of prognosis between hyperbilirubinemic infants with and without hypernatremia
Authors: Zakerihamidi M. , Moradi A. , Ramazani A. , Boskabadi H.
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES:

Hypernatremia may facilitate the diffusion of bilirubin through the blood-brain barrier and increase the risk of bilirubin encephalopathy. This study was conducted to compare the prognosis of jaundice infants with those with jaundice and hypernatremia.

METHODS:

A total of 615 term infants with idiopathic jaundice with or without hypernatremia were enrolled in this cohort study with 24-months follow-up at Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, between 2010 and 2022. An in-house questionnaire including the laboratory evaluation and neonatal characteristics was used as the data collection tool. The follow-up of neonatal development status was performed using the Denver test II at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after discharging from hospital.

RESULTS:

Normal outcomes were seen in 555 (90.2%) out of 615 studied infants, while 60 cases (9.8%) showed abnormal outcomes. Serum levels of sodium ( P = 0.017), bilirubin ( P = 0.001), urea ( P = 0.024), and creatinine ( P = 0.011) as well as hyperthermia ( P = 0.046) and unconsciousness ( P = 0.005) showed significant differences between the two groups. Approximately 16% of the newborns with both jaundice and hypernatremia, and 9% of those with only jaundice had unfavorable prognoses. Also, bilirubin level had the most predictive power (91.3%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results suggest that hypernatremia or jaundice alone, may affect the prognosis of infants aged 2 years; but jaundice and hypernatremia together, will intensify the developmental problems in jaundice infants. However, the role of hyperbilirubinemia in the incidence of complications is more than hypernatremia.
The relationship between job stress and job burnout of preschool teachers during the COVID-19: The moderation of perceived organizational support
Authors: Yaqian Zhang , Chonggao Wang , Fan Zhang
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 poses great challenges for preschool teachers in China, which will increase the level of job stress and job burnout, and have an impact on the relationship between job stress, job burnout, and perceived organizational support (POS). However, few studies have examined trilateral relationships, especially the role of POS concerning job stress and job burnout of preschool teachers. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship among the three variables of job burnout, job stress, and POS, as well as explore the moderating effects of POS between job stress and job burnout. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among preschool teachers in six provinces of China. A total of 408 preschool teachers completed a self-report questionnaire, including three scales that measured job burnout, job stress, and POS respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to examine the relationship among variables. RESULTS: The results showed that job burnout among Chinese preschool teachers was at a medium level during the COVID-19 pandemic. Job stress was positively related to job burnout, and the POS was negatively related to job burnout. Additionally, POS moderated the relationship between job stress and job burnout and alleviated the adverse effects of job stress on the job burnout of preschool teachers. CONCLUSION: POS can play a moderating role between job stress and job burnout of Chinese preschool teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Relativity Theory by Einstein Revisited
Authors: Ando Tadashi , Yamato Ichiro
Published: May 2024

We have succeeded in 2-slit interference simulation by assuming that a travelling particle interacts with its environment getting information of the environmental condition according to the adaptive dynamics by Ohya, thus proposed the possibility that the entanglement comes from the interaction with the environment (Ando, et. al., 2023). This concept means that there should be no isolated or inert system other than our unique universe. Taking this message into account and assuming that the signal velocity is constant against our inert universe, we reconsidered the inert system and relativity theory by Galilei and Einstein and found several misunderstandings and errors. We propose that their relativity theories should be reinterpreted in view of adaptive dynamics.
The Paradox of Wealth: A Satirical Exploration of Intelligence and Financial Success
Authors: Haugen Kjetil
Published: May 2024

This brief commentary presents a satirical examination of the relationship between wealth and intelligence, challenging the conventional wisdom that links financial success with rational decision-making. Through humorous and provocative arguments, the manuscript posits that achieving extreme wealth often involves taking significant risks, which may be seen as irrational or “stupid” by conventional standards. Using a combination of economic theory and anecdotal evidence, the discussion explores how high-risk decisions can lead to substantial financial gains, while also highlighting the absurdity of measuring personal qualities by wealth. This analysis aims to provoke thoughtful reflection on societal values and the true determinants of financial success. By engaging with themes such as risk-taking, economic theory, and societal perceptions of wealth, this concise contribution invites a broader discussion on the nature of financial success and the qualities it truly reflects.
Fundamentals of Classical and Supersymmetric Quantum Stochastic Filtering Theory
Authors: Parthasarathy Harish
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we first derive the discrete time recursive stochastic filtering equations for a classical Markov process when noisy measurements of the process are made with the measurement noise at each discrete sample forms an iid Gaussian or non-Gaussian process. The filter involves deriving general formulae for the conditional mean process given measurements upto that time and also simultaneously recursive formulae for the conditional moments of the estimation error process. In the next section, we build upon the method of John Gough etal, to construct a supersymmetric quantum stochastic filter, ie, the supersymmetric Belavkin filter. The construction of supersymmetric noise in the Hudson Parthasarathy noisy Schrodinger equation is based on constructing Fermionic noise by applying a twist to Bosonic noise, ie, \(dJ=(-1)^{\Lambda}dA, dJ^*=(-1)^{\Lambda}dA^*\). Such a Fermionic noise has memory unlike the Bosonic noise and satisfies the CAR. We prove that when a superposition of Bosonic quantum Brownian motion and Bosonic counting process along with Fermionic counting process is measured through the Hudson-Parthasarathy noisy Schrodinger system with both Bosonic and supersymmetric noise, then it satisfies the non-demolition property and hence conditional expectations can be defined. The construction of the quantum filter here involves taking into consideration all the positive integer powers of the output measurement noise differential and we give an algorithm for computing these powers based on the quantum Ito formula. The method for deriving a countably infinite number of linear equations for the filter coefficients is based on the reference probability method of Gough et.al. The method of constructing supersymmetric noise for driving the HPS equation is based on the work of Timothy Eyre. The main result of this paper is to derive an infinite system of linear equations for the quantum filter coefficients thereby yielding a real time implementable filter for estimating system observables or equivalently, the system mixed state from the most general form of non-demolition measurements comprising Bosonic continuous and counting noise plus Fermionic counting noise.
Introducción
Authors: Linsalata Lucia , Ferraris Diego , Marcos Sylvia
Published: May 2024

Arquitecto desprofesionalizado, mexicano de origen suizo, maestro generoso de múltiples generaciones, profesor itinerante y caminante incansable, Jean Robert es un hombre que se ha imaginado siempre en diálogo con sus prójimos, y que tuvo siempre los pies enraizados en el suelo que pisaba. Ha sido descrito como un pensador sagaz que recorría caminos complejos con palabras sencillas, con capacidad enciclopédica y actitud humilde y vernácula. Se podría decir que su humildad ha obstaculizado de alguna manera su propia notoriedad, pero al mismo tiempo habría que afirmar que precisamente ese rasgo de su carácter ha permitido a su pensamiento la concreción, la elasticidad y la apertura que expresa. La humildad, en efecto, como sentimiento y consiguiente comportamiento caracterizado por la conciencia de los propios límites, y por el desprendimiento de toda forma de orgullo y seguridad excesivos de sí mismo, le ha permitido abrirse a una crítica radical de la modernidad industrial y capitalista, concebida como gesto ético fundado en una autocrítica de los propios comportamientos y posturas personales, en el seno de las colectividades con las que se vive y en el suelo concreto que se pisa. Es esta una crítica que podríamos describir como práctica “autocrítica crítica” de la subjetividad moderna capitalista que, queramos o no, encarnamos en nuestro actuar cotidiano.
LECTURER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DESIGN OF DARUNNAJAH UNIVERSITY JAKARTA FROM 2023 TO 2031
Authors: Manaf Sofwan , Ritonga Matnur
Published: May 2024

Three colleges—STII Darunnajah Jakarta, STAI Darunnajah Bogor, and STAI Darunnajah Jakarta—that were part of the Darunnajah Foundation gave birth to Darunnajah University. Following their 2022 merger to form Darunnajah University, the first thing to be mapped and designed is the Lecturer Resources. This is looking at the state of existing lecturers, and then the birth of five new study programs. This study used a case study methodology, employing a qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were collected, reduced, presented, and conclusions drawn. The study's findings demonstrated Darunnajah University's seriousness in planning its teaching workforce for 2023–2031. Where the HR bureau is guided by the strategic plan and renovation; 1) Development of existing lecturers by encouraging them to continue their studies, providing scholarships, and providing recommendations for scholarships. 2) Cultivating the values of panca jiwa, panca bina, panca jangka, and panca dharma towards lecturers 3) Recruitment of linear lecturers. 4) Benchmarking good practices of HR development for lecturers to UNIDA Gontor. 5) Targeted in 2031, there are 13 professors.
SENSITIVITAS PENGELOLAAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP RENTABILITAS BERBANKAN YANG SEHAT PADA BANK UMUM
Authors: - Sujarwo
Published: May 2024

Abstraksi
Penelitian ini mengkaji sensitifitas likuiditas terhadap rentabilitas bank umum BUMN dan BUMD,
dengan indikator keberhasilan likuiditas yang diukur dengan LDR dan ALR. Sedangkan untuk
mengukur rentabilitas berdasarkan ROA, ROE dan BOPO, disamping itu juga melihat aspek kredit
bermasalah yang ditunjukan dengan NPL. Berdasarkan indikator keuangan bank BUMN dan
BUMD selama tiga tahun (2005-2007) mengalami peningkatan dilihat dari total asset, jumlah
dana yang dihimpun, kredit yang diberikan, modal, dan laba. Dari 6 (enam) bank yang diteliti,
kondisi Bank BRI relative lebih baik dibandingkan dengan bank lainnya. Likuiditas bank BUMN
dan BUMD sangat likuid, terutama untuk Bank Mandiri , bank BNI, dan Bank DKI. Namun hal ini
berpengaruh pada rendahnya rentabilitas yang disebabkan oleh tingginya NPL
Keyword : Likuiditas, Rentabilitas, ROA, ROE, BOPO
PENGARUH PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN KUALITAS AUDIT TERHADAP PENENTUAN OPINI AUDIT
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Suhartati Titi
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh penerapan sistem informasi akuntansi dan kualitas audit terhadap penentuan opini audit. Penelitian menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh metode survey menggunakan kuesioner.Metode pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan memilih akuntan yang bekerja pada KAP Big Four dan Non Big Four di wilayah Jakarta dan Bekasi.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Model SEM, sedangkan analisis dengan pengolahan data menggunakan software LISREL. Hasil uji model menunjukkan bahwa sistem informasi akuntansi tidak signifikan terhadap opini audit, sedangkan kualitas audit signifikan berpengaruh terhadap penentuan opini audit.

Kata Kunci: system informasi, kualitas audit, opini

Abstract
This research tested the influence of the implementation of accounting information system and audit quality towards determining audit opinion.This research uses primary data that obtained with questionnaire survey method. The sample gotten by using purposive sampling by choosing accountant that work with Big Four KAP and Non Big Four in Jakarta and Bekasi area. This research uses SEM Model approach, while data processing analysis uses LISREL Software. Tested result model indicates that accounting information system not significant against audit opinion, while audit quality significantly affecting determination of audit opinion.

Keywords: information system, audit quality, opinion
The imaginary unit described as an algebraic ambiguity
Authors: Morais Cláudio Marcelo
Published: May 2024

A complex number is formed by a real part and an imaginary part, the latter being composed of a real number multiplied by the imaginary unit “i,” defined as the square root of . For this reason, imaginary numbers cannot be placed on the real number line. The geometric representation of complex numbers is done in the so-called complex plane, composed of a real axis and an imaginary axis, orthogonal to the real line. However, from a philosophical point of view, the fact that the imaginary axis is not identified with any axis in three-dimensional Euclidean space raises ontological questions that transcend the well-established mathematical formalism of the set of complex numbers: are imaginary numbers just a sophism, an arbitrary invention, or a true mathematical discovery? Are imaginary numbers a glimpse of a parallel reality that is beyond our perception? In this article, I seek to demonstrate that the imaginary unit can be interpreted as an algebraic ambiguity that arises when representing certain vectors in the real plane as one-dimensional variables. Consequently, we will see how it is possible to express complex numbers in terms of real numbers.
ЛІНГВАЛЬНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЛІТЕРАТУРНОЇ ЕКРАНІЗАЦІЇ (2005) РОМАНУ ДЖ. ОСТІН «ГОРДІСТЬ ТА УПЕРЕДЖЕННЯ»
Authors: Repushevska Iryna
Published: May 2024

Представлена робота присвячена дослідженню кореляційних зв’язків між вербальними засобами кодування сюжету роману Джейн Остін «Гордість та упередження» в авторській версії та його відображенням засобами кіно. Роман «Гордість та упередження» Дж. Остін (1797) був написаний 225 років тому. Він пройшов вісім кіноадаптацій: у 1938, 1940, 1952, 1958, 1967, 1980, 1995 і 2005 рр. і послужив основою для сучасного жіночого роману Х. Філдінг «Щоденник Бріджет Джонс». Майже протягом усієї історії кінематографа і дотепер серед мистецтвознавців, зокрема кінознавців, широко поширена точка зору, що екранізація є своєрідним «перекладом» із мови літератури мовою кіно. Проведений аналіз цього явища дає змогу припустити, що екранізація будь-якого літературного твору є новим видом художньої творчості, який виник у ХХ ст. і потребує власного детального дослідження. Екранізація літературного твору як особливий вияв специфічних міжтекстових зв’язків є жанром, що знаходиться у центрі уваги фахівців різних галузей: культурологів, кінознавців, а також літературознавців, оскільки є одним із прийомів рецепції вербального тексту. Основна мета роботи – установити вербальні та невербальні відмінності в організації художньої роботи автора та візуального ряду і вербальних послідовностей фільму. Представлене дослідження базується на ретельному вивченні 30 хвилин фільму, що дорівнює 15 розділам роману. Автор показує, що заміна авторського тексту малюнком у кіноверсії, з одного боку, а також наближення персонажного діалогу ХІХ ст. до сучасного розмовного стилю – з іншого, сприяє кращому сприйняттю глядачем сюжету роману й модернізує класичний твір загалом. Таким чином, оточення героїв виглядає як романтична ностальгія за минулим, а самі герої стають близькими та зрозумілими глядачеві.
Kajian Kesesuaian Habitat Restocking Siput Gonggong (Laevistrombus sp.) di Teluk Kelabat Pulau Bangka
Authors: Supratman Okto , Febrianti Laras , Pratiwi Fika Dewi , Farhaby Arthur M
Published: May 2024

Siput Gonggong (Laevistrombus sp) merupakan hewan laut kelas gastropoda yang memiliki peran penting secara ekologis dan ekonomis. Secara ekonomi spesies ini di konsumsi dengan kandungan gizi yang tinggi sehingga sering diburu masyarakat yang berdapampak pada penurunan ukuran populasi di alam. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya restocking untuk pemulihannya di alam. Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis kepadatan siput gonggong, menganalisis parameter lingkungan, serta menganalisis kesesuaian lokasi restocking siput gonggong di Teluk Kelabat Pulau Bangka. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai dengan April 2021. Penentuan titik lokasi penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Pengambilan data di lapangan terdiri dari kepadatan Siput Gonggong, tutupan lamun, klorofil-a, dan parameter fisika kimia perairan. Data dari lapangan dianalisis indeks kesesuaian restocking siput gonggong. Hasil penelitian kepadatan rata-rata Siput Gonggong yaitu 390 Ind/ha. Kesesuaian lokasi restocking (IKR) berkisar 75 sampai dengan 89,91 yang dikategorikan sesuai sampai dengan sangat sesuai. Lokasi yang sangat sesuai untuk restocking Siput Gonggong yaitu stasiun 6, 7, 8, 9, dan 10 dengan nilai IKR berkisar antara 84 sampai dengan 89. Sedangkan lokasi yang sesuai yaitu di stasiun 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5 nilai IKR berkisar antara 75 sampai dengan 82. Hasil penelitian memberikan indikasi bahwa perairan Teluk Klabat terdapat wilayah-wilayah tertentu yang ideal untuk dijadikan lokasi restocking siput gonggong. Lokasi yang direkomendasikan untuk restocking Siput Gonggong terdapat pada Teluk Kelabat bagian luar.
An American Founder's Dream
Authors: Young Christopher
Published: May 2024

For a number of years my students in both the first half of the American history survey and in an upper-division course on the Early Republic have started their semesters by analyzing the subconscious of Benjamin Rush, a Philadelphia physician and a prominent member of the American revolutionary generation . Rush's recounting of one of his dreams offers an excellent opportunity for introducing students to the craft of analyzing primary sources for what they reveal about a particular time period or place in the past. Moreover, Rush's dream allows for considerations regarding the nature of history itself. 
Writing and reporting on dreams was nothing new for Benjamin Rush. He was fascinated with this facet of human existence and spent time studying and lecturing on the topic . The vividness with which Rush was able to communicate his dreams was admired by John Adams who declared in 1805, upon reading Rush 's account of a dream, "I admire the brilliancy of your invention when asleep." Four years later, in 1809, Adams wrote to his friend, "If I could dream as much wit as you, I think I should wish to go to sleep for the rest of my life, retaining, however, one of Swift's flappers to awake me once in 24 hours to dinner, for you know without a dinner one can neither dream nor sleep."
Zinn, Konopacki, and Buhle, A People's History Of American Empire - A Graphic Adaptation
Authors: Joyce Davis
Published: May 2024

Howard Zinn's magnum opus, A People's History of the United States, was originally published in 1980 and sales are approaching two million. Surely a major part of its success has been its use by teachers. This book is a "graphic adaptation," but not of Zinn's entire work so much as those portions related to the theme of empire. Those responsible might not be comfortable with the book being called a "comic book" version of Zinn, but essentially that is what we have here. Is there potential for such a book being used by teachers, and thus having Zinn's message reach many more students? Probably so. Whether that is a good thing or a bad thing depends on one's point of view.
Gross, What Blood Won't Tell - A History Of Race On Trial In America
Authors: Gill Jill
Published: May 2024

In recent decades, biological and social scientists have rejected the notion of distinct human races. Rather, they assert, race was a creation of human culture, crafted to help manufacture, sustain, and justify socio-political and economic hierarchies. In What Blood Won't Tell: A History of Race on Trial, Ariela Gross, professor of history and law, uses race trials from the antebellum period to the present as a window into how local communities of common white America shaped and reshaped our racial understandings through their legal systems in order to preserve their hierarchies.
Influence of Sustainable Grout Material on the Moisture Damage of Semi-flexible Pavement
Authors: Al-Nawasir Rania , Al-Humeidawi Basim , Shubbar Ali
Published: May 2024

Semi-flexible pavement (SFP), also known as grouted pavement, is a type of pavement structure consisting of a porous asphalt skeleton with air voids between 25 and 35% injected with cementitious grout materials. The special skeleton of SFP provided enhanced durability and resilience, making it a promising option for the construction of road surfaces in high-traffic areas and severe conditions. The main aim of the current research is to investigate the rutting behavior and moisture resilience of SFP-containing sustainable grout using ceramic waste powder (CWP). This research introduced the use of CWP as a replacement for conventional grout (cement) in SFP for the first time. CWP partially replaced cement at ratios of 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of the cement weight. Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) and Hamburg Wheel Tracking Tests (HWTT) were used to evaluate the performance of SFP to reduce the detrimental effect of moisture. The grout modified with CWP shows excellent results in the ITS and Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR), and all modified SFP mixtures give higher values in these tests compared with Control Mix (CM). In the HWTT, the minimum rut depth of the modified SFP was 2.8 mm and 3.10 mm. Compared to CM, rutting decreased by 73%–76% for CWP mixes with 20% and 30% replacement. This indicates the high fluidity of CWP, which enabled it to penetrate all voids in the porous pavement (PA) and form a dense microstructure due to its excellent pozzolanic interaction, making it a strong structure capable of bearing rutting.
Ferroptosis inducers – erastin and analogues (review)
Authors: Sanarova E. V. , Lantsova A. V. , Nikolaeva L. L. , Oborotova N. A. , Borisova L. M.
Published: May 2024

Introduction.Improving the efficacy of chemotherapy is a non-trivial task of modern oncology. Its successful solution requires knowledge in many fields, including physiology, pathology, clinical oncology, pharmacology and others. The search for small molecules that selectively kill tumor cells led to the accidental discovery of erastin.

Text.Erastin is a unique molecule that has a quinazoline fragment in its structure. Not so long ago it became known that the antitumour effect of this compound is due to the induction of ferroptosis – an iron-dependent form of cell death caused by lipid peroxidation. Erastin is able to induce ferroptosis through various biochemical pathways, including blocking of cystine-glutamate transport channel of cell membrane and potential-dependent anion channel of mitochondria, as well as activation of p53 protein.

Conclusion.Pharmacological induction of ferroptosis by erastin and its analogues represents a promising direction in cancer chemotherapy. In addition, erastin and its analogues are able to increase sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which allows us to talk about the possibility of their use in the combined treatment of malignant neoplasms.
Extensions of the Newsvendor Model – Incorporating Real Life Scenarios Using Decision Analytics
Authors: Naidu Jaideep T.
Published: May 2024

Decision Analysis is an important topic in the field of Operations Research. This article is a result of discussing the well-known newsvendor model in the classroom over many semesters. We present the newsvendor model in our MBA class but go beyond what textbooks provide. We extend this model by incorporating two specific real-life scenarios. We create the modified payoff table using spreadsheets. We then consider what-if scenarios and perform sensitivity analysis using the Data Table command in Excel. Important concepts like backordering/late shipment, cost of lost customer goodwill, and clearance pricing are discussed. The discussion of these concepts is extremely valuable even without spreadsheets.
Nutrição no tratamento da síndrome do ovário policístico
Authors: Santos Marina Isabely Pedro , Santos Maria Fernanda Santa Rosa , Miranda Giovana Mesquita , Jacinto Júnior Jorge Henrique , Miranda Lidiane Paula Ardisson
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A literatura aponta que o manejo nutricional é apontado como um facilitador para melhorar os sinais e sintomas da doença, bem como prevenir patologias correlacionadas. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da dieta no tratamento da síndrome do ovário policístico. Metodologia: A busca por artigos foi realizada na base de dados: Pubmed, publicados entre os anos de 2019 e 2024, utilizando os descritores "síndrome do ovário policístico”, “dieta” e “tratamento”. Foram encontrados 48 artigos e utilizados 16. Resultados: As principais dietas analisadas foram a dieta de baixo índice glicêmico, dieta hipocalórica rica em proteínas, além da suplementação do suco de romã em forma de simbiótico, de cúrcuma, da coenzima Q10 e da erva-doce. Conclusão: há correlação entre a dieta e o tratamento do SOP, no entanto mais estudos são necessários para traçar o mecanismo completo entre estas duas condições, principalmente sobre a introdução ou suplementação de determinados nutrientes na dieta padrão.
PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN DIGITAL PARENTING CONTROL MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE FAMILY LINK PADA IBU TAMAN KAMPUNG TANGGUH
Authors: Kahfi Ahmad Hafidzul , Nugraha Fitra Septia , Ridwansyah Ridwansyah , Nawawi Hendri Mahmud
Published: May 2024

The use of digital technology is increasingly widespread in the modern era, which is changing the way parents educate their children. "Google Parenting" emerged as a term that reflects parents' efforts to face the challenges of parenting in the digital era. This concept emphasizes the importance of parents understanding the impact of technology on children's development as well as appropriate development strategies to use it wisely while maintaining balance in family life. This service activity aims to provide understanding to parents about using the Google Family Link application. The first stage includes theoretical explanations, direct practice using the application, and interactive discussions. The material is delivered through multimedia techniques using a laptop and the internet. This activity is not only informative but also involves active participants through modules, pretests, posttests and discussions. The results of the training for PKK RW 012 Taman Kampung Tangguh mothers showed an increase in their awareness and understanding of digital risks for children as well as their ability to control children's online activities. This helps reduce the risk of exposure to age-inappropriate content and improves communication between mother and child regarding digital safety.
The Fundamendal Themes of Holocaust Narratives
Authors: Mukhamedova Sh.
Published: May 2024

This article examines the fundamental themes that permeate Holocaust narratives, delving into the core concepts that shape these poignant and harrowing stories. Drawing from a rich tapestry of fiction, memoirs, and testimonials, this exploration sheds light on the enduring impact of the Holocaust on individuals, families, and societies. Key themes such as loss and survival, memory and trauma, identity and belonging, and moral and ethical dilemmas are analyzed in depth, illuminating the profound human experiences captured within Holocaust literature. Through an examination of these themes, this article seeks to deepen our understanding of the complexities of Holocaust narratives and underscore the importance of bearing witness to the atrocities of the past.
Development of Transport Logistics in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Kadyrova T. , Toktobaeva G. , Nazhimudinkyzy K.
Published: May 2024

The article explores the possibilities of the Kyrgyz Republic in solving logistics problems, primarily in the framework of the development of transnational projects, cooperation of modes of transport in mixed traffic and identifying their competitive advantages, as well as by developing modern multimodal transport hubs, using the economic and geographical features of the regions. An attempt is made to show how the development of international transport corridors affects the development of individual territories on the example of the continental and border regions.
Exchange Markets: Theory and Practice
Authors: Tashmurzaeva G. , Alisheva P. , Akhmetova E.
Published: May 2024

The article demonstrates the results of a study of the current state of the financial market of Kyrgyzstan using indicators that form the Financial Development Index. The analysis conducted for 2023 showed that along with positive trends in the growth of the number of financial institutions, the financial market of Kyrgyzstan is characterized by most of the problems of emerging markets. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions were made about the development of the financial market of Kyrgyzstan with its imbalance and a decrease in the efficiency of the credit segment, which is a key one.
Improving Cargo Transportation Planning Based on Digital Technologies
Authors: Vydashenko L. , Maksimova A. , Vydashenko P.
Published: May 2024

From the beginning of 2023, JSC Russian Railways has been gradually connecting logical controls to limit the acceptance of applications for the transportation of goods of the GU-12 form beyond the infrastructural capabilities of JSC Russian Railways. The presence of restrictions will be determined based on the results of calculations of the Dynamic Infrastructure Load Model (DILM) of JSC Russian Railways. This control limits the possibility of coordinating requests for transportation and the daily client loading plan (DCPP) beyond the calculated capabilities of the infrastructure. In addition, the automated system “Electronic Consignment Note” (AS ETRAN) implements automatic consideration of requests for transportation in all types of traffic with destination to limiting directions. The operation of the system is based on forecasting the occupancy of infrastructure elements for the entire period of transportation planning using data on operations with trains/cars in motion, loaded but not yet dispatched cars, as well as previously agreed upon requests for transportation. Data on the parameters of public infrastructure facilities are taken into account, including taking into account the implementation of planned repairs and construction and installation work, as well as non-public railway tracks. The system implements the determination of possible alternative schedules in the absence of the possibility of acceptance for transportation in accordance with the schedule declared by the shipper.
Psychological Prevention of Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents
Authors: Sevastyanova O. , Ivanov D.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of psychological factors in the formation of suicidal behavior in adolescents. The following personal characteristics of adolescents are considered that predispose them to suicidal behavior, such as emotionally labile, cycloid and hysterical types of character accentuation. Character traits of adolescents with borderline personality disorders, such as instability of emotions, impulsivity, and a tendency toward self-aggression, can provoke suicidal intentions and attempts. Social isolation, rejection by peers, and conflicts in the family can lead to psychological trauma and suicidal reactions in adolescence. Suicidal behavior in adolescence can be a reaction to traumatic situations associated with violence, abuse, and sexual harassment. Various methods of psychological prevention of suicidal behavior are considered. An effective method for preventing suicidal behavior in adolescents is the formation of resilience and resource states of the individual, and early diagnosis of risk groups plays an important role in the prevention of suicidal behavior. The emphasis is on the need to increase the psychological competence of parents, teachers and specialists in recognizing and preventing suicidal behavior, as well as on interdepartmental interaction and coordination of services at all levels of the prevention system.
Stages of Implementing Differentiated Instruction in the English Language Classroom
Authors: Zulpukarova A.
Published: May 2024

Educators understand that every student has unique gifts and challenges, interests, talents and learning styles. Differentiation and individualization of learning have repeatedly become the subject of research in pedagogy. Differentiated instruction is a practice that helps teachers understand how each child learns best. The article is devoted to the problem of gradual use of differentiated approach in teaching a foreign language. The authors describe the main stages of implementation of differentiated approach. The article also describes the history of this approach. Advantages and disadvantages of using this approach were also presented.
Improving Professional Training of Surgeons Based on Regional Treatment and Diagnostic Strategy
Authors: Niyazovа S.
Published: May 2024

To effectively improve the professional training of surgeons based on the regional treatment and diagnostic strategy, it is necessary to characterize the potential of the KGMIPC named after. S.B. Daniyarov, which is the head institution of postgraduate education (PDE) and the Osh branch (CPMO), which is the regional institution of PDE. For didactic reasons, we will designate them conventionally as “Center” and “Branch”.
Pedagogical Conditions of Using Technical Means in Language Learning
Authors: Madmarova Z. , Alymbaeva A.
Published: May 2024

Pedagogical conditions of using multimedia technologies are considered in the article. There is an analysis of scientific sources of research on the use of computer tools in the teaching of foreign languages. The effectiveness of modern multimedia technologies in teaching English is proved. Multimedia tools are identified which significantly increase students' motivation and, as a result, the quality of their foreign language training. The article describes the educational conditions of using multimedia in foreign language education. To familiarize students with language vocabulary and structure, or to allow them to practice pronunciation and speaking with native speakers, the use of multimedia content in the classroom could integrate print, video, educational games and the Internet.
Teaching Folk Medical Concepts from the Epic of Manas Using the INSERT Method
Authors: Tolonova G. , Baitikova B. , Bekmuratova R.
Published: May 2024

Article discusses the problems of developing critical thinking and creative thinking of students when teaching the Epic of Manas in special vocational schools. To pay attention to building connections between previous knowledge in order to understand new ones. To develop students' thinking skills so that they can critically look at and evaluate information received. At the same time, students learn to communicate with each other in a special way using the table. Students should not be given ready-made knowledge in the classroom. Method INSERT for developing the critical thinking was chosen, and methodological instructions for practical lesson were organized, method and results were presented on a scientific basis. This experience is recommended for all teachers of the Epic of Manas. Almost approved. Specific steps of how the INSERT method implements reading comprehension, analytical and interpretive understanding based on the read text in developing students’ critical thinking were shown. To increase students’ interest in the Epic of Manas, as well as to substantiate various topics, specific examples from the epic can be considered. One critical thinking strategy that can help students work with text on a given topic is the INSERT method. This method is implemented on the basis of marked reading of the text, activates reading comprehension, critical thinking, helps analyze objections, be able to argue one’s views, understand the meanings in the epic, increase vocabulary, be able to form one’s own opinion, and develop creative thinking. It is necessary to awaken students' interest in education through the teachers’ skills. This is a question that sets a goal for the student in various ways and points the way to its implementation.
Methods of Developing Students’ Writing Activity
Authors: Abduvalieva B. , Bekmuratova R. , Tolonova G.
Published: May 2024

The article notes that the writing activity of students has acquired paramount importance and the need to use various techniques for it. Development of students’ writing activity during the learning process. After listening to the exercises in the classroom, students make corrections by marking (*) and express their opinions in order to improve the content of the written work. The teacher evaluates the overall level of work by asking what topic the written work likes. Some of the textbook exercises can also be done in this way. When teaching Kyrgyz as a foreign language, work is underway on the “History of the Pyramid,” which was considered as a method of teaching students to freely express their thoughts and opinions as an author or character. Here students work individually, in pairs and groups. The pyramid diagram is provided as a reference (1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8). Each step tells you what words to write, resulting in coherent text and telling a story. Each student writes creatively according to his own abilities and uses artistic means of expression.
About Lipid Peroxidation During Physical Activity
Authors: Rzayev O.
Published: May 2024

In recent years, interest in the study of free radical processes occurring in living organisms has increased significantly. The study of free radical processes, in particular lipid peroxidation, lipid activity, and the activity of enzymes involved in reactions, is of interest for identifying the characteristics of functional activity. Lipid peroxidation products are considered as biological destructive factors, the accumulation of which in the body induces oxidative stress. As a result, the features of the process of lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant protective system of muscle and other tissues that provide motor activity were identified. The results can be used in physical education classes.