bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La práctica empresarial en el proceso de formación del Diseñador Industrial.
Authors: Ramírez León Cecilia
Published: August 2023

La problemática que ha dado origen al presente trabajo, si se tiene en cuenta el carácter proyectual del diseño industrial, es la progresiva disminución de la participación de la práctica como opción de trabajo de grado, comparativamente con el total de opciones vigentes en escuelas de Diseño Industrial del país. El propósito ha sido identificar posibles dificultades en torno a la práctica, que a su vez, pueden representar obstáculos en los objetivos de formación del diseñador industrial. Este estudio cualitativo, de alcance descriptivo, consta de dos etapas la primera, desde lo local, que contempla la perspectiva en torno a la práctica, de practicantes de la Escuela de Diseño Industrial de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia y de empresarios de la región. La segunda etapa busca conocer, de una parte, la perspectiva de directivos, docentes y practicantes de dieciséis de las treinta y tres escuelas de Diseño Industrial de Colombia y de dieciséis escuelas de América Latina, de ocho países tales como Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Guatemala, México, Panamá y Perú, y, de otra parte, las dinámicas de la práctica en las mismas escuelas. El estudio confirmó el interés de cada uno de los actores consultados por reflexionar sobre la práctica como parte del proceso de formación del Diseñador Industrial. Se ha hecho evidente la necesidad de repensar el plan y los términos de la práctica, particularmente el acompañamiento y la supervisión del proceso del practicante en una empresa, cuyo tutor deberá cumplir con un perfil y una trayectoria específicos y apropiados para tal propósito. Los resultados del estudio pueden ser de utilidad para la comunidad académica de Diseño Industrial, tanto de Colombia como de Latinoamérica, como un aporte pedagógico en procesos de autoevaluación desde la perspectiva de la pertinencia en educación superior, puesto que suministra información puntual, proporcionada por fuentes válidas e idóneas como las participantes en este estudio. Para el sector empresarial, de igual manera, se espera sea de utilidad, puesto que le ilustra, desde la perspectiva de la responsabilidad social, las posibilidades de la figura del practicante en su empresa, además de acceder a una fuente de potenciales vinculaciones laborales.
Biomass-Derived Flexible Carbon Architectures as Self-Supporting Electrodes for Energy Storage
Authors: Yang Dehong , Xu Peng , Tian Chaofan , Li Sen , Xing Tao , Li Zhi , Wang Xuebin , Dai Pengcheng
Published: August 2023

With the swift advancement of wearable electronic devices and the electronic textile industry, the energy storage components of these devices must possess the capability to maintain stable mechanical and chemical properties even after undergoing multiple bending or tensile deformations. This circumstance has expedited research efforts toward novel materials, processing techniques, and designs for flexible energy storage devices. Among the myriad of materials investigated thus far, biomass-derived architectures have garnered significant attention due to renewability, cost-effectiveness, and abundance in earthly resources. Notably, flexible carbon membrane/ monolithic derived from biomass serve as a particularly promising option for self-supporting electrodes, align seamlessly with the requirements of next-generation electronic devices, and obviate the need for additional costs, unnecessary weight, and the high contact resistance that additive insulating adhesives may entail. This review delves into the comprehensive analysis of biomass feedstocks and methodologies employed in the synthesis of flexible self-supporting carbon electrodes. Subsequently, the advancements in their application in energy storage devices are elucidated. Finally, an outlook on the potential of biomass self-supported carbon architectures and the challenges they face is provided.
Transformative Business Models for Decarbonization: Insights from prize winner start-ups at the World Summit
Authors: Costa Evaldo , Fontes Margarida , Bento Nuno
Published: August 2023

The increasing social pressure for decarbonization has placed businesses under considerable scrutiny to actively reduce carbon emissions. A critical step towards achieving this objective is to shift conventional production and consumption systems to more sustainable alternatives. Thus, there is the emergent need to understand the patterns and drivers of the transformative business models (BMs) that underpin that shift. This study adopts a mixed-methods approach that integrates different literature streams--including Sustainability Transitions Theory (STT), Strategic Niche Management (SNM), and the Business Models approach--and stakeholders’ interviews to investigate the key elements of business models that lead towards sustainable practices. This research examines the organizational arrangements of European start-ups operating between 2014 and 2020. The transformation towards decarbonized production and consumption is characterized by efficient combination of business strategies that incorporate advanced technologies (ATs), such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and its algorithms, along with sustainable elements, resulting in transformative business models. By exploring the driving elements behind the transition to low-carbon approaches, this study fills a significant gap in the existing literature on business models. The findings from this research also hold relevance for policymakers to promote decarbonization.
“I Walked under the Rain without Getting Wet”: War Trauma and Its Impact on the Narcissistic Structure of a Child
Authors: De Assis Renata , O'Loughlin Michael
Published: August 2023

We explicate a traumatized child's narcissistic defense against trauma. Following a review of psychoanalytic understandings of trauma we explore the invocation of narcissistic defenses against trauma. The phenomenon of Nachträglichkeit or après-coup is explored, and the paper concludes with clinical illustration drawn from the experience of a young boy who suffered significant separation trauma during the Holocaust.
Appraisement And Categorization Of Compostable And Non-Compostable Plastic Bags Using HHXRF Spectrophotometer, A Study On Brands In Islamabad
Authors: Zehra Syeda Hijab , Ali Saad , Khan Said Akbar , Zehra Syeda Mahnoor
Published: August 2023

The rapid development in industries manufacturing plastic bags is taking serious consideration to save the environment and human health, one way or the other. This study examines the composition of degradable and non-degradable plastic bags collected from the markets of different sectors of Islamabad. Hundred samples of both Degradable and non-degradable plastic bags were collected from the open market. The concentrations, proportion, and patterns of different heavy metals (additives) were used in the production of both degradable and non-degradable plastic bags by using the standard method with the help of Hands Held X-Ray Fluorescent (HHXRF) instrument. Samples results of the study showed Titanium, Calcium and Copper used in massive amounts, some of the toxic metals i.e., Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium, Chromium and Mercury were also detected. This study also reveals that degradable plastic bags might be more hazardous than non-degradable plastic bags because due to the Photolytic properties of additives used in degradable plastic bags when the chains of polymers break, the heavy metals are released in environment and become the part of it. So, concern department like Ministry of climate change and Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency should take serious step to control these serious issues.
Reprogramming Megakaryocyte Gene Expression to Release Platelet-Like Particles with Opposite Biological Activities: Carrying Single-Chain Thromboxane A2 Receptor-G-Protein Complex with Therapeutic Potentials
Authors: Lu Renzhong , Li Yan , Xu Anna , King Bridgette , Ruan Ke-He
Published: August 2023

In this study, we reported that novel single-chain fusion-proteins linked thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor (TP) to a selected G-protein α-subunit q (SC-TP-Gαq), or s (SC-TP-Gαs) could be stably expressed in megakaryocytes (MK). We tested the MK-released platelet-linked particles (PLPs) to be used as a vehicle to deliver the over-expressed SC-TP-Gαq), or s (SC-TP-Gαs) to regulate human platelet function. To understand how the single-chain TP-Gα fusion proteins could regulate opposite platelet activities by an identical ligand TXA2, we used dual-binding domains linked to different signaling pathways within a single polypeptide chain using a 3D structural model. The immature MKs were cultured and transfected with cDNAs constructed from structural models of the individual SC-TP-Gαq and SC-TP-Gαs, respectively. After transient expression was identified, the immature MKs stably expressing SC-TP-Gαq or SC-TP-Gαs (stable cell lines) were selected. The stable cell lines were induced into mature MKs which released PLPs. Western blot analysis confirmed that the released PLPs were carrying the recombinant SC-TP-Gαq or SC-TP-Gαs. Flow cytometry analysis showed the PLPs carrying SC-TP-Gαq were able to perform the activity by promoting platelet aggregation. In contrast, PLPs carrying SC-TP-Gαs reversed Gq to Gs signaling to inhibit platelet aggregation. This is the first time demonstrating that SC-TP-Gαq and SC-TP-Gαs were successfully overexpressed in MK cells and released as PLPs with proper folding. This bio-engineering led to the formation of two sets of biologically active PLP forms, which mediate calcium and cAMP signaling, respectively. As a result, these PLPs are able to bind to identical endogenous TXA2 with opposite activities, inhibiting and promoting platelet aggregation as required for therapeutic process.The results also demonstrated the nucleus-free PLPs could be used to deliver recombinant membrane-bound GPCRs to regulate cellular activity in general.
From Immunosenescence to Aging Types – Establishing Reference Intervals for Immune Age Biomarkers by Centile Estimation
Authors: Bröde Peter , Claus Maren , Gajewski Patrick D , Getzmann Stephan , Wascher Edmund , Watzl Carsten
Published: August 2023

Immunological aging type definition requires establishing reference intervals from the distribution of immunosenescence biomarkers conditional on age. For 1,605 individuals (18–97 years), we determined the comprehensive IMMmune Age indeX IMMAX from flow cytometry-based blood cell sub-populations, and identified age-specific centiles by fitting generalized additive models for location, scale and shape. The centiles were uncorrelated with age, and facilitated the categorization of individuals as immunologically slow or fast aging types. Using its 50th percentile as reference, we rescaled IMMAX to equivalent years-of-life (EYOL), and computed the immunological age gap as difference between EYOL and chronological age. Applied to preliminary baseline and follow-up measurements from 53 participants of the Dortmund Vital Study (Clinical-Trials.gov Identifier: NCT05155397), the averaged changes in IMMAX and EYOL conformed to the 5-year follow-up period, whereas no significant changes occurred concerning IMMAX centiles and age gap. This suggested that the participants immunologically adapted to aging, and kept their relative positions within the cohort. Sex was non-significant. Methodical comparisons indicated that future confirmatory analyses with the completed follow-up examinations could rely on percentile curves estimated by simple linear quantile regression, while the selection of the immunosenescence biomarker will greatly influence the outcome, with IMMAX representing the preferable choice.
A Concrete Core Void Imaging Approach for Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Members and Parameter Analysis with Travel Time Tomography
Authors: Zheng Wen-Ting , Xu Bin , Wang Jiang , Liu Jing-Liang
Published: August 2023

Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) members have been widely used in the field of civil engineering due to their advanced superior mechanical properties. However, internal defects such as concrete core voids and interface debonding are likely to weaken the load-carrying capacity and stiffness of these members, which affects safety and serviceability of CFST structures. Visualizing the inner defects of concrete core in CFST members have been a critical need in civil engineering construction, a travel time tomography (TTT) is introduced to quantitatively identify and visualize the sizes and positions of CFST members in this paper. Moreover, a parameter analysis is performed to investigate the relationship between TTT imaging qualities and influence factors, e.g. inversion parameters, defect sizes and positions. The effectiveness and accuracy of the TTT algorithm are verified by several numerical examples and the results demonstrate that TTT can identify the sizes and positions of concrete core void defects in CFST members efficiently and several inversion parameters including model weighting matrix and inversion grid size really pose a significant impact on the imaging results of CFST members. In addition, several optimum parameters are recommended to benefit the future study of the promising TTT approach for CFST members.
Emerging Children Roles in Child-Computing Interaction Research: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Abimbade Oluwadara , Adisa Ibrahim
Published: August 2023

The framework proposed by Alison Druin about 20 years ago, which defined the roles children play in technology design, has been widely adopted by the Child-Computer Interaction (CCI) community. While some studies have adopted relevant roles as presented in the framework, others have argued for extending the framework to include newly identified roles. Still, other studies argue that Druin's framework failed to account for roles children may take up as they interact with peers or with tools. Consequently, this systematic literature review examines children’s emerging and changing roles in the codesign of new technologies. Specifically, we answered the research question: What new roles emerge in research as children co-design new technologies? Our effort aims at providing evidence of new roles children have adopted in literature, which may help researchers in the CCI community make more informed decisions about participatory design approaches with children.
Necroptosis in Organ Transplantation: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Zhao Yajin , Main Kimberly , Aujla Tanroop , Keshavjee Shaf , Liu Mingyao
Published: August 2023

Organ transplantation remains the only treatment option for patients with end-stage organ dysfunction. However, there are numerous limitations that challenge its clinical application, including the shortage of organ donations, the quality of donated organs, injury during organ preservation and reperfusion, primary and chronic graft dysfunction, acute and chronic rejection, infection, and carcinogenesis in post-transplantation patients. Acute and chronic inflammation and cell death are two major underlying mechanisms for graft injury. Necroptosis is a type of programmed cell death involved in many diseases and has been studied in the setting of all major solid organ transplants, including the kidney, heart, liver, and lung. It is determined by the underlying donor organ conditions (e.g., age, alcohol consumption, fatty liver, hemorrhage shock, donation after circulatory death, etc.), preservation conditions and reperfusion, as well as allograft rejection. Specific molecular mechanisms of necroptosis have been uncovered in the organ transplantation setting, and potential targeting drugs have been identified. We hope this review article will promote more clinical research to determine the role of necroptosis and other types of programmed cell death in solid organ transplantation to alleviate the clinical burden of ischemia-reperfusion injury and graft rejection.
The Post-translational Modifications of Human Salivary Peptides and Proteins Evidenced by Top-Down Platforms
Authors: Messana Irene , Manconi Barbara , Cabras Tiziana , Boroumand Mozhgan , Sanna Maria Teresa , Iavarone Federica , Olianas Alessandra , Desiderio Claudia , Rossetti Diana Valeria , Vincenzoni Federica , Contini Cristina , Guadalupi Giulia , Fiorita Antonella , Faa Gavino , Castagnola Massimo
Published: August 2023

In this review we extensively describe the main post-translational modifications that give rise to the multiple proteoforms characterized to date in the human salivary proteome and their potential role. Most of the data reported were obtained by our group in over twenty-five years of research carried out on human saliva mainly by applying a top-down strategy. At the beginning we describe the products generated by proteolytic cleavages, which can occur before and after secretion. In this section the most relevant families of salivary proteins are also described. Next, we report the current information concerning the human salivary phospho-proteome and the limited news available on sulfo-proteome. Three sections are dedicated to the description of the glycation and enzymatic glycosylation. Citrullination and N- and C- terminal PTMs and a miscellaneous of other modifications are described in the last two sections. Results highlighting the variation in the level of some proteoforms in local or systemic pathologies are also reviewed along the sections of manuscript to underline the impact and relevance of this information for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers useful in clinical practice.
Diagenetic effect on reservoir quality of siliciclastic and volcaniclastic sandstones from a Paleogene volcanic rifted margin, East Greenland
Authors: Weibel Rikke , Vosgerau Henrik , Larsen Michael , Guarnieri Pierpaolo , Kokfelt Thomas Find , Dideriksen Knud , Balić-Žunić Tonci , Bell Brian
Published: August 2023

Siliciclastic and volcaniclastic sediments in a volcanic rifted-margin succession may experience a complex diagenetic history during burial that can have a large impact on sandstone reservoir properties. To understand such changes, variations in initial sediment composition and succeeding diagenetic changes have been studied for a Paleogene outcrop analogue in the Kangerlussuaq area, East Greenland. The nature of the mafic volcanics-bearing succession, which consists of intra-volcanic sandstones, accommodated over quartz-rich pre-volcanic fluvial sandstones, are comparable to the settings of recently discovered hydrocarbon-producing sandstones in the Faroe–Shetland Basin on the conjugate Atlantic margin. Our petrographic and provenance investigations of the pre- and intra-volcanic sandstones are supported by geochemical and X-ray diffraction analyses. The intra-volcanic sandstones were deposited in shallow marine environments with mixed siliciclastic and volcaniclastic input, the latter rich in felsic to mafic volcanic rock fragments and feldspar grains. Similar zircon age distributions of pre- and intra-volcanic sandstones support a continued supply from the same siliciclastic sediment source after the onset of volcanism. Variations in initial detrital grain and pore-fluid (fresh to marine) compositions resulted in different diagenetic changes in the pre- and intra-volcanic sandstones. However, where siliciclastic sandstones were overlain by volcaniclastic rocks rather than massive lava flows, the diagenetic changes resemble those of the intra-volcanic sandstones. The cementing phases are typically quartz, illite (probably illitized kaolinite), and rare anatase in the pre-volcanic sandstones. Chlorite, calcite, zeolite/feldspar, opal/quartz, and titanite are characteristic authigenic phases in the intra-volcanic sandstones. Precipitation of different minerals in the pre- and intra-volcanic sandstones show that the detrital composition (and to a lesser extent depositional environment) played a major role during early and late diagenesis after deep burial (up to 6–8 km). Inter-eruptive siliciclastic units may prove to form highly valuable reservoirs when they are composed of mixed siliciclastic and volcaniclastic material. In the stratigraphically youngest intra-volcanic sandstones and pre-volcanic sandstones overlain by hyaloclastite or tuff, there is a high potential for preservation of interparticle porosity during burial (< 5 km) due to early chlorite rims and the generation of secondary porosity after the dissolution of early zeolite cement.
Saltern, mudflat, and dry playa: playa basin types of a retreating epeiric sea (Keuper, Germany)
Authors: Leitner Christoph , Köster Mathias , Finger Friedrich
Published: August 2023

Playa basins contain saline lakes and the evaporitic mudflats around them. However, playa basins can be different if they are fed by marine incursions, dominated by perennial lakes of brackish or fresh water, or dominantly dry. A discrimination of playa types, which originated under such different conditions, can be difficult in the rock record. The present study contributes to our understanding of these settings by reconstructing the evaporitic facies evolution in the German Keuper Basin after the retreat of an epeiric sea. The Middle to Late Triassic Grabfeld Formation (ca. 237–233 Ma) consists of weathered gypsum and dolomitic marl at the surface. Non-weathered anhydrite and dolomitic marl successions were studied at the tunnel face and on drillcores for the Stuttgart 21 construction project around Stuttgart. From oldest to youngest, the following facies were recognized: 1) The Grundgipsschichten facies represents an environment of large, shallow, sulfate lagoonal lakes (saltern). Arenitic sulfate was deposited in very shallow waters, comprising many tepee-like structures, enterolithic folds, and numerous truncation surfaces. 2) The Bochingen-Horizont facies is characterized by greenish gray laminated mudstone and dolomite deposited in perennial saline lakes. Anhydrite was locally altered by brackish or fresh water. 3) The Dunkelrote Mergel facies contains the sediments of a dominantly dry playa basin, red mudstone and nodular anhydrite. Sheetfloods resulted in ephemeral lakes under a monsoonally controlled climate. Sedimentation was sparse with numerous truncation surfaces. Large, festoon-like structures on the tunnel face were interpreted as paleo-gilgai structures. This study concludes that an evaporative environment of a coast (coastal sabkha) can never undoubtedly be distinguished from a playa basin in the sedimentary record.
Joint Congestion Strategy Based on Cross-Layer Awareness in IoV
Authors: Wang Hui , Li HaoYu , Qiang Le , Zhao Yuan
Published: August 2023

In view of the complex communication environment of Internet of Vehicles(IoV) and the difficulty of fast information sharing among layers under the traditional layered approach, we proposed a joint congestion strategy in IoV based on cross-layer awareness, which we refer to as JCSCLA in the paper. Firstly, considering the interrelationship of physical layer, MAC layer and transport layer, JCSCLA establishes the overall architecture of joint congestion strategy based on cross-layer awareness and shares the network state information through the cross-layer scheduling module. Secondly, JCSCLA adopts channel avoidance mechanism based on Markov chain to avoid channel congestion, uses the network resource allocation utility function and adjustment factor to control transmission rate, and controls the transmission rate of the link according to the priority of the data stream to achieve overall control of cross-layer congestion, respectively. Finally, the simulation analysis shows that the JCSCLA has better performance in terms of average delay, average hop count and throughput rate compared to CLCC, VC-TCP/NC, TOSCL, New Reno, and has higher practical application value.
New Joint Channel Estimation and Interference Cancellation Method for FBMC Systems Based on Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Al-Makhlasawy Rasha , Khairy Mayada
Published: August 2023

Filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) is an important system used in fifth generation (5G) networks to maximize available bandwidth while meeting high spectral efficiency requirements (SE). Multicarrier modulation (MC) is an alternative modulation method used by FBMC. It is a viable alternative to the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation method. This paper focuses on the joint channel estimation and interference cancellation (JCEIC) in FBMC systems. Recurrent neural networks (RNN) are used to estimate the ideal channel and get back the correct transmitted signal with low BER. We estimate the channel for doubly-selective channels using scattered pilots in the time and frequency correlation, and we use low-complexity interference cancellation. For JCEIC, RNN is proposed. The JCEIC algorithms' output sequences are used as inputs for the RNN. The simulation results show that the suggested technique is close to the ideal channel and has a higher BER than the other earlier methods.
A cryptic pocket in METTL3-METTL14 regulates m6A conversion and sensing
Authors: Gupta Yogesh , Qi Shan
Published: August 2023

The nuclear METTL3-METTL14 enzyme complex transfers a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the N6 amino group of an adenosine (A) base in RNA to convert it to m6A and in ssDNA to 6mA. m6A marks are prevalent in eukaryotic mRNAs and lncRNAs and modulate their stability and fate in a context-dependent manner. The cytoplasmic METTL3 can act as a m6A reader to regulate mRNA translation. However, the precise mechanism that actuates the switch from m6A writer to reader/sensor is unclear. Here, we present a ~2.5Å crystal structure of the methyltransferase core of human METTL3-METTL14 in complex with the reaction product, N6-methyladenosine monophosphate (m6A), representing a state post-catalysis but before the release of m6A. m6A occupies a novel evolutionarily conserved cryptic pocket in METTL3-METTL14 located ~16Å away from the SAM pocket that frequently mutates in cancer. We propose a two-step model of swiveling of target A upon conversion to m6A and sensing its methylation status by the cryptic pocket, enabling it to actuate enzymes’ switch from writer to an m6A-sensor. Cancer-associated mutations cannot distinguish methylated from unmethylated adenine and show impaired RNA binding, de-stacking, and defective m6A writing and sensing.
A novel parallel mammogram sharpening framework using modified Laplacian filter for lumps identification on GPU
Authors: Pal Manas , Biswas Tanmoy , Basuli Krishnendu , Biswas Biswajit
Published: August 2023

In medical diagnosis, mammographic imaging is mainly concerned with the breast parenchymal patterns (counterbalance of glandular tissue and fatty tissue) by which an expert radiologist can quickly determine the abnormalities in the breast of cancer patients and if the interpretation of mammogram and the quality of mammogram both are well provided. Accordingly, improved mammographic view via an efficient image processing algorithm plays a significant role in diagnosing mammograms. This study introduces a sharpening method based on the modified Laplacian filter on CUDA to improve the visibility and detection of pernicious lesions in a mammogram. To process considerably large mammograms on the CPU, the conventional Laplaciansharpening is more time-consuming due to the processing of all pixels in a serial execution manner. Although this type of image sharpening is well established for improved image quality, its effect on a larger image for use in the GPU environment has not been extensively studied. The proposed model is successfully devised and implemented in an efficient parallel execution manner on a computing platform of GPU. The proposed method applies a new nonlinear filter constraints module in the sharping stage. The Laplacian filter attenuates noise sensitivity and leads to achieving visually improved results in comparison to formal sharping. The proposed method has been extensively compared with other recent baseline methods showing improvement in the computational cost of the image sharping approach. Experimental results establish that the two proposed sharping methods outperform the state-of-the-art methods with respect to execution speed.
Une comparaison entre les frameworks d’architecture VGG16, VGG19 et ResNet50 pour la classification des images médicales traitées normales et CLAHE
Authors: Kamal Kamal , EZ-ZAHRAOUY Hamid
Published: August 2023

Dans cet article, nous avons choisi de concentrer notre étude sur la recherche du bon modèle de réseau neuronal convexe spécifiquement pour la tâche de classification binaire pour le type d’image médicale à contraste normal et amélioré par la technique CLAHE. Nous avons comparé les architectures de VGG16, VGG19 et Resnet50 en termes de précision, de score F1 et de rappel pour un ensemble d’images cérébrales sélectionnées de cas de contraste normaux et améliorés CLAHE. Après avoir effectué 10 expériences dans deux modes: avec et sans augmentation de données tout en gardant les mêmes paramètres des simulations, nous sommes arrivés à la conclusion que VGG16 présente évidemment la meilleure architecture pour la classification d’images médicales, les résultats à la lumière du mode d’augmentation de données, le cas d’utilisation les images à contraste normal, les trois modèles ont fourni les précisions 0,78, 0,66 et 0,69 respectivement pour VGG16, VGG19 et Resnet50, et pour le cas d’utilisation les images de contraste améliorées par la technique CLAHE, les précisions étant respectivement de 0,78, 0,76 et 0,72 pour VGG16, VGG19 et Resnet50. Pour le mode d’augmentation sans données, le cas d’utilisation des images à contraste normal, les trois modèles ont fourni les précisions de 0,88, 0,79 et 0,75 respectivement pour VGG16, VGG19 et Resnet50, et pour le cas d’utilisation d’images à contraste amélioré par CLAHE, les précisions étant respectivement de 0,86, 0,87 et 0,65 pour VGG16, VGG19 et Resnet50.
Vertebral bone quality different in age and magnetic resonance imaging parameters
Authors: Liu Xiang-Ge , Chen Xin , Chen Biao , Fu Meiqi
Published: August 2023

Objective: We plan to conduct a single-center retrospective study to measure the vertebral bone quality (VBQ) of people of all ages and make statistics on the changes in VBQ with age. Then the differences in VBQ under various MRI parameters were compared. Finally, 30 healthy adults were recruited to validate the differentiation VBQ in various parameters.
Methods: We first screened patients without underlying disease and no history of fractures who underwent lumbar MRI in our center in the past four years. For ten years as a group, each group randomly selected 1.5T, 3.0T 200 (100 males/100 females) patients. Then, we counted the patients hospitalized with OVCF in our hospital in the past four years. The 30 healthy adults received 4 times of MRI scans in different parameters to determine the differentiation of VBQ.
Results: A total of 2400 patients without OVCF and 405 patients with OVCF were collected. VBQ value of 1.5T was significantly higher than that of 3.0T (2.769±0.494 > 2.199±0.432, P<0.0001). VBQ of 43.31khz in 1.5T was significantly lower than 35.36khz (2.447±0.350 < 2.632±0.280, P<0.05). The differentiation of VBQ in 1.5T and 3.0T was validated by the healthy adults’ results.
Conclusions: VBQ remains an effective tool for differentiating patients with OVCF and can be used as a primary screening tool for osteoporosis. However, VBQ is significantly affected by magnetic field intensity and bandwidth and cannot achieve its universality at the proposed beginning.
WATER CRISIS, SANITATION PRACTICES AND WOMENS MENSTRUAL HEALTH
Authors: Bhandari Niranjna
Published: August 2023

Water, air and light are the three essentials for survival and sustenance of human life. The lack of any one of these makes life difficult. Of these, air and light remain available whereas the water crisis is deepening everywhere. Given the water scarcity in the low income settings, the women are the worst sufferer, for they are expected to manage water even if they have to walk miles to fetch water. Among several consequences the water crisis negatively affects sanitation and hygiene in the immediate setting, adversely affecting living environment. At the personal level, the women and girls are unable to practice sanitary hygiene thus leading to morbidity and disease burden. The poor women due to their low ability to afford scientifically designed hygienic sanitary napkins are compelled to use and re-use old clothes. The water scarcity makes it difficult for them wash and rewash the used clothes. Such unhygienic practices endanger women health. In the backdrop of which this paper deals with the inter-linkages between women and water at the domestic and personal level, as well and analyses the effects of these inter-linkages on women health.
RATE OF CHANGING SPECIALTY AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONG PREVENTIVE MEDICINE RESIDENTS IN SAUDI ARABIA 2023
Authors: Hassan Saleem Hossam , Abdullah Hariri Mawdda , Alsubhi Salman
Published: August 2023

Introduction: This study explores the impact of changing specialties on medical residents, including increased workload for remaining residents and missed opportunities for other postgraduates. The lack of similar studies in Saudi Arabia, particularly in the Makkah region, motivates this research to measure the rate and determinants of specialty changes. The goal is to reduce the impact on residents and centers, improve the matching system, and aid future postgraduate specialization choices. Methodology: Cross-sectional study Analytic type was carried out using a online questionnaire. A simple random sampling technique was performed by the stat trek website to select the candidates. SPSS version 26 was used for data entry analysis. Results: This research study evaluated preventive medicine residents in Saudi Arabia who changed their specialty previously. A significant majority of 67.3% had prior experience as GPs. Among the residents surveyed, 3.5% had a duration of work as a resident of less than 1 year. The majority of residents, comprising 23.9%, had worked for 1 year. Regarding the residents who had previously changed their specialization or withdrew from a specialization program, the majority (86.7%) had not changed their specialization or withdrawal. However, 8.0% had changed their specialty, and 5.3% had withdrawn from a specialization program. Reasons for changing specialty included work-life balance (34.8%), mismatched interests (39.1%) and suffering from health problem (4.3%). Gender showed a significant association with changing specialty, majority of female (60%) withdraw from the specialty (p = 0.021). Conclusion: This study findings underscore the importance of addressing factors such as work-life balance and career aspirations to improve resident satisfaction and retention. Medical institutions and policymakers should consider these findings when designing interventions and support systems aimed at enhancing the professional development and well-being of residents in Preventive Medicine. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying factors contributing to specialty changes and to develop targeted strategies for retaining residents in their chosen fields.
LASER MACHINING OF BASALT GLASS HYBRID COMPOSITE USING DEMATEL METHOD
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, FENT, K.B.N UniversityKalaburagi, Karnataka India., a Nayeemuddin , Faiyaz Ahmed Ansari ,   Engineering Department, University of Technology & Applied Sciences Salalah-211 Oman.
Published: August 2023

Hybrid composites are materials made of two or more different types of fibers incorporated into a single polymer matrix the year 2019 publication failure analysis in bio composites, fiber-reinforced composites, and hybrid composites. A hybrid composition of basalt and glass layer fabricated and its various mechanical properties after being tested. Glass-fiber composite is a magnificence of fiber-reinforced polymer composites. Hybrid compounds are common ones two or more in the matrix combining different types of fiber products manufactured by various hybrid gave researchers compounds have many definitions. A laser machine is a target material that interacts with a laser beam it is a material removal process done by such a device that uses photon energy processing to the target object thermal or photochemical energy is carried in the form of removing the items directly and by melting evaporation elimination. Commercial, industrial, aeronautical, maritime, and recreational constructions can utilize hybrid composites for their main structural components. It offers a wide range of advantages in the aerospace sector, including strong impact resistance, outstanding fatigue and corrosion resistance, and both. A hybrid composite made of layers of basalt and glass has been created, and after that, its varied mechanical characteristics have been examined. It takes time to precisely machine these composite materials. The mechanical performance of the hybrid composite is decreased by a number of constraints in traditional machining, including fiber pullout, delamination, burr formation, matrix crack development, etc. These issues might result in a poorly machined surface. The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is regarded as an efficient technique for locating the causal links in a complex system. It focuses on assessing the interdependencies between elements and identifying the crucial ones using a visual structural model. Lamp current (amp), Pulse frequency (Hz), Cutting speed (mm/min), Pulse width (ms), Air pressure (bars). From the result, it is seen that Lamp current got the first rank whereas the Pulse width is having the lowest rank.
PROSPECTIVE RANDOMISED STUDY COMPARING ENDOSCOPIC DISCECTOMY WITH PERCUTANEOUS RADIO-FREQUENCYCOABLATION IN PATIENT WITH CONTAINED LUMBAR DISC PROLAPSE
Authors:   Senior Resident in Orthopaedics., Purane Sandeep , Sable Bhumica ,   Junior Resident in Orthopaedics All from ACPM Medical College, Dhule.
Published: August 2023

Background: This study is to compare functional outcome in patients with radiculopathy with contained lumbar disc prolapse treated with endoscopic discectomy and percutaneous radio frequency co ablation. In this study, the radicular pain using VAS score and prospective functional results using SLR test were measured. Materials and Methods: Prospective randomised control study carried out in Department of Orthopaedics from the period Nov 2016 to Nov 2018. Source of data for study was the patients reporting to Orthopaedic OPD who fulfill the inclusion criteria. Total 30 patients were included in the study. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS v 21.0, IBM). Inter group comparison (2 groups) was done using Mann Whitney U test. Intra group comparison was done using Wilcoxon Signed rank test (upto 2 observations) Friedmans (for >2 observations) followed by followed by pair wise comparison using Wilcoxon Signed rank test. Results: The functional outcome in patients treated with radiofrequency coablation are better than patients treated with endoscopic discectomy. Conclusion: Both Radio-frequency co-ablation and percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy appear to be safe and effective minimally invasive day care treatment option for patients with contained lumbar disc prolapse with radiculopathy.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PALLIATIVE CARE EDUCATION ON THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW PROTOCOL
Authors:   Ph.D. (N) Scholar, College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India, Senior Instructor, Fatima College of Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates., P. Itteera Joemol , Subramani Malarvizhi ,   Professor, HOD and Assistant Registrar, College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India., Mathew Rebecca ,   Nursing Instructor, Fatima College of Health Sciences, UAE., M. Navaneetha ,   Professor and HOD, College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India., Mony K. Sr. ,   Principal, College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Palliative care is a method of improving the quality of life of patients and their families who are experiencing life-threatening diseases. This review aims to assess the effectiveness of palliative care education on knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare professionals that will serve as a baseline for future educational interventions to improve the care for patients with chronic illnesses in different health care settings. Methods:This review will be conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA)-2020 with the use of Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, and Research Type (SPIDER) and Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) tools to structure the research question. The electronic databases PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL), MEDLINE, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid, Google Scholar and grey literature will be searched for relevant articles. The review will include qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method studies written in the English language, published anywhere in the worldfrom 2010 to 2023. The search terms are effectiveness, palliative care, palliative care education, healthcare professionals, knowledge, attitude and practice. Data extracted will be recorded on a data extraction form. This review will be conducted according to the criteria outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.
Credit risk management and profitability: Evidence from Palestinian banks
Authors: Abdallah Saleh Besan , Paz Veronica
Published: August 2023

Credit risk has gained considerable attention in most countries of the world intending to manage the efficiency of credit portfolios. This study attempts to examine the impact of credit risk management on bank profitability. The local Bank of Palestine provided secondary data over a ten-year period (2010–2020) collected from financial annual reports. The statistical analysis is carried out using the SPSS and E-views software, and the study hypotheses are verified using descriptive statistics, multicollinearity tests, and regression. Palestinian banks’ profitability was evaluated using return on assets, along with bank-specific metrics such as capital adequacy ratio (CAR), loan-to-deposit ratio (LDR), non-performing loans (NPLs), loan loss provision ratio (LLPR), bank size, and bank age, as signs of credit risk management. The study’s findings indicate that there are differences in how credit risk management affects bank profitability in the context of Palestine. CAR NPLs have a positive but insignificant effect on profitability using ROA. The regression found a significant positive effect of LLPR on profitability using ROA. Finally, with respect to LDR as an indicator of credit risk management, the regression found its negative but insignificant effect on profitability using ROA. The results demonstrate how the board’s structure influences the performance of a company, which is regarded important knowledge for decision makers.
BRICS in Creating Digital Educational Environments: Social and Legal Aspects of ‘A New Normal’
Authors: Pletyago T. , Antonova S.
Published: August 2023

The global challenges brought about by the recent pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 have forced many countries to seek out eﬀective digital tools for supporting higher education. The issue of not only the technological complexity of the digitalization of education but also the necessity to develop and standardize the social and legal frameworks of E-education in the BRICS countries has become acute. This article examines how the BRICS countries regulate the digital transformation of higher education and discusses the changes that need to be made to social and legal regulation in order to accommodate the process of digital transformation. The authors’ research leads them to the conclusion that the process of social and legal modiﬁcation of higher education in the aspect of its digital transformation is patchy. On the one hand, it is forced by unpredictable global challenges like the pandemic outbreak. In this aspect, the digital transformation across the BRICS countries tends to be rather international. On the other hand, the absence of common settings and digital standards within the BRICS countries could intensify the digital stratiﬁcation among universities and lead to a decrease in the quality of higher education. The authors propose the establishment of a set of common digital standards that comprise a uniﬁed ecosystem of digital tools and services, a common model for a “digital university,” uniﬁed standards of digital competences and educational services, frameworks and standards of technical modernization as the basis of digital transformation and the creation of a common technical landscape.
Livestock Domestication
Authors: Ahmad Hafiz Ishfaq , Abbas Khan Musarrat , Shaukat Aftab
Published: August 2023

Domestication of animals was one of the most significant changes in human
history, beginning with a long-term connection between hunter–gatherers and wolves
more than 15,000 years ago. Between 11,000 and 4,000 years ago (approximately the
Neolithic to the Bronze Age), when mixed-crop farming communities emerged, a
variety of additional species, including sheep, goats, cattle, pigs, poultry, and horses,
were introduced into human society. The domestication of livestock had a profound
impact on human society. It allowed humans to produce more food and live in larger,
more complex societies. It also led to the development of trade and commerce, as
surplus animals and animal products could be exchanged for other goods. Animals
have played various roles since their domestication, ranging from being tolerated to
being revered in ceremonial activities to supplying humans with additional advantages,
such as food, clothing, building materials, transportation, herding and hunting. The
diversity of phenotypes, seen in various domesticated species has provided generations
of scientists with a useful model for studying evolution. The domestication process has
led to the development of many different breeds of livestock; each adapted to specific
environments and tasks. In modern times, livestock domestication continues to play a
significant role in food production and agriculture, and it remains an important part of
many cultures worldwide.
Genomics and Biotechnological Advancements in Fisheries, Poultry
Authors: Mushtaq Nadia , Arooj Aqsa , Javed Zainab , Ahmad Hafiz Ishfaq , Bashir Javaria , Jabbar Abdul
Published: August 2023

Biotechnological advancements have started gaining importance for
subsidizing conventional breeding strategies to the latest cost-effective techniques that
enhance the yield and are robust. This effort aims at showcasing the different strategies
adapted to bring up the production curve in fisheries, poultry and livestock by using the
latest biotechnological assays and procedures. A better understanding of disease
resiliency in animals and increasing the growth rate of fish, domestic animals and
poultry birds can help cope with the increased demand for milk, meat, eggs and
proteins worldwide. The genome engineering tools, such as CRISPR-Cas9, single
nucleotide polymorphism, somatic cell nuclear transfer, zinc-finger nucleases, Sperm
Transfection–Assisted Gene Editing (STAGE) and cloning, possess the ability to alter
the genome either by knocking in or knocking out of the genes for better selection of
the breeds. Genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) are devised using the gene
markers without prior knowledge of the exact gene location across the chromosome.
These predictive values help in gene insertion or gene deletion in the host. The
breeding programmes initiative can bring up advantages by managing the resources and
growing the yield. The biotechnology applications should be incorporated with
progressing customary reproducing and improvement programs to meet the growing
challenge of feeding the population of 9 billion.