bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pylethrombosis Associated with Gastric Cancer in Moschcowitz's Disease: Successful Management with Anticoagulant. Report of a Case
Authors: Vannelli Alberto , Fiore Francesco , Del Conte Claudia , Rivolta Umberto , Corsi Carlo
Published: April 2018

Portal vein thrombosis secondary to gastric cancer has been rarely reported. The main difficulty is represented by the correct differential diagnosis between benign and malignant thrombus and therefore by its treatment. In this report we describe a 62-year-old woman with Moschcowitz's disease who developed pylethrombosis and gastric cancer. Preoperative examination confirmed the relationship between the portal vein thrombosis and Moschcowitz's disease. She underwent an aggressive surgical procedure for the gastric cancer and conservative treatment of the thrombosis with subcutaneus administration of 8000 IU/day of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) at the time of diagnosis, interrupted eight hours before surgery and resumed eight hours after with 4000 IU/day. At discharge LMWH treatment was replaced with oral sodium warfarin home treatment to keep the international normalized ratio range between 2 and 3. Regression of the thrombosis with low molecular weight heparin was confirmed by computed tomography. The patient survived more than two years. We believe that patients with gastric cancer complicated by benign partial portal vein thrombosis could gain particular benefit from adjuvant anticoagulant treatment, so that the surgical approach can be limited to gastric cancer.
Comparison of Different External Beam Treatment Techniques to Deliver High-Dose Irradiation to Local Recurrent Rectal Carcinoma
Authors: Santoni Riccardo , Scoccianti Silvia , Galardi Alessandra , Nicolais Rebeca , Benassi Michaela , Russo Serenella , Bucciolini Marta
Published: April 2018

Aims and background

Treatment of local-regional recurrent rectal carcinoma is a challenging problem, and local control may be dose dependent; doses should probably exceed 60 Gy. Our aim was to verify the possibility to deliver 66 Gy to the target, but less than 35 Gy to the small bowel, comparing different 3D irradiation techniques, in a selected group of patients.

Methods

Five patients with local recurrent rectal carcinoma were selected as representative of different presentations of the disease. Gross tumor volume and clinical target volume were defined [by RS]. Tumors ranged between 182 and 540 cc, and small bowel volumes between 748 and 1050 cc. A three-field technique, coplanar multiple fields, noncoplanar fields and a proton beam were compared using dose volume histograms. A positive result was scored when ≥90% of the target received the prescribed dose with no more than 5% of the small bowel receiving more than 35 Gy. Doses were escalated in steps of 2 Gy from 60 to 66 Gy.

Results

The number of plans fitting the constraints were 7/19, 11/19, 18/19 for doses of 66 Gy, 64 Gy and 62 Gy, respectively. The stage of the tumor did not seem to correlate with the possibility to homogeneously cover the target with the prescribed dose.

Conclusions

Simple coplanar and complex coplanar techniques (up to six fields), positioning the patient in a prone position with dislocation of the bowel, seem to be the best solutions to treat almost all of the patients with doses of 64 Gy. Where higher doses are concerned, it is not possible to suggest a “standard” solution. More personalized techniques have to be tested to define the best option.
Immunohistochemical and Molecular Study of Radiation-Induced Multiple Meningiomas with Pleural and Pulmonary Metastasis
Authors: Pistoiesi Sabina , Boldrini Laura , Gisfredi Silvia , De Leso Katia , Camacci Tiziano , Caniglia Michele , Lupi Giancarlo , Pingitore Raffaele , Basolo Fulvio , Leocata Pietro , Parenti Giuliano , Fontanini Gabriella
Published: April 2018

In the present study, the telomerase activity and the putative alterations of genes involved in cell-cycle control (p53, Fas and pRb) were investigated in a radiation-induced meningioma with multiple recurrences and pleural-pulmonary metastases (the patient, a 34-year-old male, had a history of carcinoma of the tongue of testicular lymphocytic lymphoma). Expression of VEGF and vasculature pattern were also studied. Expression of VEGF, pRb and p53 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of the tumor. VEGFmRNA was determined by competitive PCR. Fas, FasL and hTERT were evaluated by RT-PCR. Telomerase activity was examined by the TRAP assay. An intense vascularization was observed, supported by high expression of VEGFmRNA (isoforms 121 and 165). pRb and p53 were overexpressed. Fas was undectable with PCR, whereas FasL was positive. Furthermore, the lesion showed an elevated telomerase activity (TPG, 22), according to the high expression of hTERT. These findings emphasized that even among generally benign neoplasms, such as meningiomas, some highly malignant tumors may develop, as in our case, in which several mechanisms were activated in the cancer progression to guarantee the immortalization of cellular clones (angiogenic phenomenon, activation of telomerase and of anti-apoptotic mechanisms) and the blood spread. Thus, the data illustrate the importance of searching for genetic aberrations (which are a hallmark of malignancy) in meningiomas, as predictive and reliable factors of the possibility to recur and to metastasize.
Prolonged Remission in a Patient with Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder Developing Brain Metastases after Systemic Chemotherapy: A Case Report
Authors: Jankevicius Feliksas , Sruogis Algimantas , Ulys Albertas , Zykus Arvydas , Sumauskas Romualdas
Published: April 2018

We report a case of an excellent response to M-VAC chemotherapy in a patient with pulmonary metastases from transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. He subsequently presented with acute neurological symptoms seven weeks after the completion of chemotherapy. Computed tomography of the brain revealed a solitary 24 mm x 26 mm lesion in the frontal lobe. The brain metastasis was resected. The patient was closely followed for disease progression and showed no evidence of disease up to 42 months after surgery. The presentation and treatment policy are discussed. This case suggests that long-term remission may be obtained after surgical resection of a single brain metastasis in patients with disseminated urothelial cancer who completely responded to systemic chemotherapy.
Management of Symptoms Due to Inoperable Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Ripamonti Carla , Fagnoni Elena , Magni Andrea
Published: April 2018

Bowel obstruction is a common and distressing outcome in patients with abdominal or pelvic cancer. Although surgery should be the primary treatment for malignant obstruction, it is now recognized that some patients with advanced disease or in generally poor condition are unfit for surgery and require alternative management to relieve distressing symptoms. A number of treatment options are now available for the patient with advanced and terminal cancer who develops intestinal obstruction. Medical measures such as analgesics, anti-secretory drugs and antiemetics may be used alone or in combination to relieve symptoms.
Glioblastoma Multiforme and Breast Cancer: Report on 11 Cases and Clinico-Pathological Remarks
Authors: Piccirilli Manolo , Salvati Maurizio , Bistazzoni Simona , Frati Alessandro , Brogna Christian , Giangaspero Felice , Frati Riccardo , Santoro Antonio
Published: April 2018

The association between breast cancer and glioblastoma multiforme has not been amply analyzed in the literature. We describe 11 female patients with a diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme who were treated when younger for breast cancer. We believe that this association is not due to chance but rather to genetic changes in hormone status and in particular to sex hormones. Another important point of view is represented by the chemotherapy treatment of breast cancer, which could have a carcinogenic effect and explain the growth of glioblastoma. This consideration, in our opinion, is important, because more effort should be made to understand the pathogenesis of glioblastoma multiforme and to improve the therapeutic approaches.
A Clinical case of Duodenal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor with a Peculiarity in the Surgical Approach
Authors: De Marco Giovanni , Roviello Franco , Marrelli Daniele , De Stefano Alfonso , Neri Alessandro , Rossi Simone , Corso Giovanni , Rampone Bernardino , Nastri Giacomo , Pinto Enrico
Published: April 2018

We describe a case of duodenal, third portion, segmental resection for gastrointestinal stromal tumor. A 76-year-old man was referred for gastrointestinal bleeding, dyspnea and asthenia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a duodenal bleeding fistula. Computerized tomography demonstrated a retroperitoneal mass that compressed and displaced forward the third duodenal tract. Segmental resection of the third portion of the duodenum with a subtotal gastrectomy was performed. The patient was reconstructed with a termino-terminal duodenal anastomosis of the second and the fourth tract and with a Roux-en-Y gastrojejunum anastomosis. There were no postoperative complications. This duodenectomy procedure could be useful as a less extensive resection for duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor located in the third portion of the duodenum when the tumor is well capsulated, when the surrounding structures are not infiltrated and when there are no vascular difficulties. The technique reduces the morbidity and mortality correlated with duodenocefalopancreasectomy and improves postsurgical quality of life without worsening the risk of recurrence.
Unusual CT Findings in Urachus Carcinoma with an Extensive and Atypical Pattern of Metastasis. A Case Report
Authors: La Fianza Alfredo , Scalamogna Roberto , Gorone Maria Sole Prevedoni , Rovereto Bruno , Brugnatelli Silvia , Viglio Alessandra
Published: April 2018

Carcinoma of the urachus is very rare. Usually it has a typical appearance on computed tomography, with calcifications in a midline supravesical mass, but advanced stages of this neoplasm require malignancy evaluation that is not easy to establish. We report a case of a urachal tumor where CT scan did not properly assess the response to chemotherapy, while it did show an uncommon metastatic localization in the laterocervical soft tissues.
An Atypical Esthesioneuroblastoma of the Inferior Nasal Cavity and Maxillary Sinus: Report of a Case
Authors: Unal Adnan , Ozlugedik Samet , Tezer Mesut Sabri , Kulacoglu Sezer , Ozcan Muge
Published: April 2018

Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare malignant tumor of the nasal cavity that originates from the olfactory epithelium. In this paper a very rare clinical presentation of this tumor is described. The tumor originated from the maxillary sinus and alveolar process, and was independent of the olfactory region. The patient was a 14-year-old girl presenting with facial swelling and nasal obstruction. Paranasal computed tomography showed a mass filling the right nasal cavity, infiltrating the alveolar process, eroding the anterior wall of the maxilla and invading the subcutaneous tissues of the cheek. Fine-needle aspiration and incisional biopsies identified an esthesioneuroblastoma. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we performed a right subtotal and left inferior maxillectomy and reconstructed the maxillary defect with a permanent obturator. At 2 years’ follow-up the patient is free of recurrence.
Persistent and Progressive ST Segment Elevation Caused by Myocardial Metastasis
Authors: Matana Ante , Zaputović Luka , Lučin Ksenija , Kaštelan Zrinka Matana
Published: April 2018

This is a case of a female patient with collecting duct carcinoma of the right kidney and myocardial metastasis. On electrocardiogram the myocardial metastasis presented with a prolonged and progressive ST elevation and a gradual decrease of the R wave amplitude in leads V3-V6. Echocardiography and autopsy findings confirmed the diagnosis.
Sul Trattamento Del Carcinoma Della Mammella Inoperabile Con La Sola Radiumterapia
Authors: Fossati Franco
Published: April 2018

The results obtained by radiumtherapy alone in 32 cases of inoperable mammary carcinoma (seen in the Radiological Department of the University in Milan from 1.1.1940 to 31.12.1952) are reported.

The early results may be summarized as follows: diminution of the neoplastic bulk until the clinical disappearence; increased mobility of the neoplasm; size reduction and augmented mobility of the metastasized lymph nodes; reduction of cutaneous infiltration and nipple retraction; progression of the cutaneous ulceration.

The late results may be summarized in 8 survival cases out of 24 ones followed for 3 years; and in 2 survival cases out of 11 ones followed for 5 years.
« MODIFICAZIONI ISTOLOGICHE ED ISTOCHIMICHE DEL DERMA DI TOPI ALBINI DI DIFFERENTE ETA’ »: Osservazioni citovolumetriche preliminari
Authors: Malaspina Adalberto , Tognacca Maria Luisa
Published: April 2018

The results of cyto-volumetric investigations carried out on the skin of albino mice of different age are exposed. A study has been done on the variation in the number and volume of nuclei as well as on the correlation between the area corresponding to nuclei and the area corresponding to the other tissue components.
Effetto Delltdrossilamina e della sodio Azide Sull'Accrescimento di Alcuni Tumori Trapiantabili
Authors: Cudkowicz Gustavo
Published: April 2018

The action of hydroxilamine and sodium azide has been studied on Walker adenocarcinoma of rats and Ehrlich adenocarcinoma and sarcoma 180 of mice. The tumour bearing animals were subcut injected with daily doses of 60 mg/kg for the first substance and 14 mg/kg for the second one. Hydroxilamine does not modify the growth of Walker adenocarcinoma and sarcoma 180; while a diminution of 50 per cent about is observed for Ehrlich adenocarcinoma. The growth of the three tumours under examination is reduced by sodium azide. At the end of the experiment, the weights of Walker and Ehrlich adenocarcinoma and sarcoma 180 are respectively the 37, 50 and 50 per cent in comparison to those of the control tumours.
Comportamento della Lipasi Pancreatica in Presenza di 3-4-Benzopirene.: Nota III
Authors: Lado P.
Published: April 2018

The behaviour of the pancreatic lipase (steapsin « Difco ») in presence of 3-4-benzpyrene has been studied: the carcinogenic substance is dissolved at different concentrations in two substrates, olive oil and tributyrin, which are hydrolyzed respectively at pH 8,5 and pH 6. The influence of the carcinogen on the development of lipolitic activity is also examined.

No significant variations have been observed; and inhibiting tendency of the hydrocarbon on the lipolitic activity is demonstrated, as already remarked in other experiments.
PRIME OSSERVAZIONI SULL'AZIONE DEI LIEVITI NELLE LEUCEMIE
Authors: Protti Giocondo
Published: April 2018

Leukemic myelocytes and lymphocytes can undergo « in vitro » severe alterations when kept in contact with some strains of yeasts The changes are briefly described.

The intravenous treatment with such yeasts seems to benefit the course of the myeloid and lymphatic chronic leukemia.

The present experiments may be related with the preceding studies of the Author on specific antagonism of some yeasts to cancer cells.
SUL METABOLISMO DEGLI ORGANI DI RATTO PORTATORE DI SARCOMA DA BENZOPIRENE
Authors: Terranova T. , Castro V.
Published: April 2018

Free aminoacids were estimated in benzopyrene sarcoma of rats and in some organs of the tumour-bearing rats (brain, heart, muscle, lung, liver, spleen, kidney). In the tumour the content changes according to the growth stage; in the advanced tumour a strong increase of serine-glycine, glutammic acid and treonine is observed. In the organs the free amino acid contents are diminished in the first stages of the tumour growth, while in the advanced stages there is a tendency to an increase with different values according to the organs. The oxidation process in the organ homogenate (with or without substrate addition) varies according to the stage of the tumour growth, more evidently in the organs showing a large modification of the amino acids contents.
Considerazioni su un Caso di Neurinoma al Palmo Della Mano
Authors: Piana Carlo
Published: April 2018

A case of neurinoma of the palm is described and the Atoni's « A » and « B » type are discussed on the basis of personal histological findings. Evidence is given to the importance of traumatic factores in the occurrence and subsequent development of these tumours.
Contributo Allo Studio Della Disormonosi Delle Portatrici Di Ca. Dell'Utero: L'eliminazione Urinaria Del Pregnandiolo Dopo Carichi Con Progesterone Pre E Post Trattamento Chirurgico Ed Attinico.
Authors: Balassi Gian Piero
Published: April 2018

Biochemical investigations on the hormonal condition of patients with genital carcinoma showed increatory alterations of quantitative type (folliculostimuating hpergonadotropism, nearly absolute lack of progestative activity) as well as qualitative excretory alterations, which are the expression of metabolism deviations.

Pregnandiol elimination has been studied after progesterone administration in a patient with uterus carcinoma (portio, body); a significant deficiency of the metabolic mechanisms has been observed.

Comparative researches before and after the treatment (surgery and radiotherapy) show that the observed deficiency is not depending upon the presence of the neoplastic forms.
Comportamento Delle Mucoproteine Perclorico-Solubili Plasmatiche E Del Connettivo Sottocutaneo Di Ratti Portatori Di Alcuni Tumori Da Innesto
Authors: Lorenzoni Laura
Published: April 2018

The behaviour of the perchlorsoluble mucoproteic fraction from plasma, from neoplastic tissue and from peritumoral connective neoplastic tissue has been studied in rats hearing experimental cancers (Galliera sarcoma, 3,4-benzpyrene tumour, Warker adenocarcinoma). The mucoproteic content of the neoplastic tissue was observed to be constant during the tumour growth; on the contrary the level of the same fraction from peritumoral connective tissue gradually increases till a rather advanced stage of the tumour growth, after which the increase is no more evident. The hypothesis is advanced that such local process may be responsible (at least partially) for the increase of the circulating perclor-soluble protein which is also observed to be gradually and markedly increased during the growth of the grafted malignant tissue.
Studio Statistico Della Radioterapia Degli Epiteliomi Cutanei (Statistica Di Radioterapia Degli Anni 1943–1953)
Authors: Cesarani Fausto , Pedoja Giuseppe
Published: April 2018

200 cases of cutaneous epitheliomas have been treated in a ten-years period. Face skin was remarked to be the most involved site. A slight prevailing incidence was observed in males and the most frequent occurence in patients over 60 years of age. A prevalence of clinical ulcerated form and histological spinocellular type was observed. Curietherapy has been the treatment of choice; plesioroentgentherapy was also employed. Recovery was obtained in the 61 per cent of the cases.
Influenza Del Glucagone Sulla Crescita Dei Fibroblasti Di Cuore Di Embrione Di Pollo « in Vitro »
Authors: Monesi Valerio
Published: April 2018

The influence of glucagone on the growth of « in vitro » explants from chick embryo heart has been studied by « roller-tubes » technique. Aim of the present paper is the identification of an eventual promoting action of glucagone on growth. The « in vitro » growth was evaluated by micrometric determination of the explants migration area in a 4 days old culture. Glucagone in concentration 1/1 100 000 was observed to be inactive; in concentration 1/200 000 it exerted a growth activation of the 28,65 per cent and in concentration 1/100 000 an activation of the 44,15 per cent. A certain parallelism may be found with « in vivo » observations according to which glucagone would represent a mediation of the somatotropic hormone effects.
Epitelioma Primitivo Del Bacinetto Renale
Authors: Pozzi Giorgio
Published: April 2018

A case of epithelioma of cornified type, undoubtedly arising from the renal pelvis, is described. Symptomatology is discussed and consideration is given to its clinical and histological aspect.
Azione Inibente di Alcune Tiopirimidine Sulla Crescita dei Tumori da Trapianto
Authors: Di Marco A. , Gaetani M.
Published: April 2018

The action of two pyrimidine analogs, 2-thio-cytosine and 2-thio-5-methyl-cytosine has been studied on Ehrlich adenocarcinoma, sarcoma 180 and Walker carcinosarcoma. The different action induced by these substances on the tumour growth is pointed out. Particular consideration is given to the different response of the tumours to 2-thio-5-methyl-cytosine and the behaviour of its inhibiting action during experiments is pointed out. Some hypotheses on the mechanism of action of these compounds are advanced, basing upon the different responses given to the same substances by microbiologic systems and by fibroblasts cultures from chick embryos.
Parotidectomia Totale Con Rispetto Del Facciale, In Blocco Con Il Tumore Primitivo E I Gangli Satelliti, Per Tumori Maligni Della Faccia, Del Cuoio Capelluto E Del Padiglione Auricolare
Authors: Catania V. C.
Published: April 2018

Malignant tumour (11) of the face, head skin and external ear were treated by total parotidectomy consisting in « in block » removal of the primary tumour with its satellite lymph nodes and conservation of the facial nerve. Anatomical data about lymphatic ways and nodes are mentioned and some devices of surgical technique are illustrated.
Variazioni Del Contenuto in Mucoproteine Perclorico-Solubili Plasmatiche, Connettivali e Tumorali in Ratti Portatori di Sarcomi Galliera Trattati Con Diossidietilstilbene
Authors: Lorenzoni Laura
Published: April 2018

Variations in the perchlorsoluble mucoprotein contents have been studied in plasma and in normal as well as peritumoral subcutaneous connective tissue of rats bearing sarcoma Galliera and treated with dioxydiethylstilbene. In the groups treated with 9, 24, 50 mg (males) and 24, 50 mg (females) these variations (generally similar to those observed in non-bearing tumour animals likewise treated) consist in an increase of the mucoprotein contents which, on the contrary, is unmodified in animals of both sexes treated with 100 mg. Quantitative variations in this protein fraction are observed also within the neoplasm (the maximum increase is observed in males treated with 100 mg and in females treated with 24 mg).
Il Valore Della Radioterapia Nel Trattamento Dei Tumori Delle Ghiandole Salivari: (rendiconto clinico-statistico dei casi trattati dal 1928 al 1950)
Authors: Luzzatti Guido
Published: April 2018

The discrepancy existing among radiotherapeutical results in the treatment of salivary glands tumours, and chiefly of mixed tumours of the parotid gland, suggested this study, based on a clinico-statistical survey of all cases of primary tumours radiologically treated from 1928 to 1951 at the Radiological Institute of the University and Cancer Institute of Milan.

After a histological classification of the cases (64), anamnestic, clinical, histopathological, therapeutical and course data are tabulated in detail.

As the therapeutical problem of the salivary glands tumours is necessarily connected with the surgical operation, the literature on that subject has been thoroughly reviewed and the opportunity of radicality in mixed parotid tumours discussed. But, as surgery proved to be insufficient in the treatment of these tumours, the emploiment of a complementary post-operative radiotherapy is suggested for malignant tumours and for benign mixed tumours as well.

Only a clinical diagnosis is possible, being biopsy contraindicated. Basing on the experience derived from the considered cases, criteria are exposed which are of practical value for the treatment of tumours of the salivary glands:

a) in operable parotid tumours, partial parotidectomy (enucleoresection or superficial lobectomy) followed in all cases by complementary radiotherapy. A radical operation with removal of the facial nerve and, eventually, radical removal of the neck lymphatics, will be taken into consideration only in case of histologically proved malignancy of the operatory specimen;

b) in operable tumours localized to the other salivary glands, radical removal followed by post-operatory complementary radiotherapy in doses suited to the histological type;

c) in clearly malignant inoperable tumours, roentgen- or curietherapy, which may occasionally determine remarkable regressions thus allowing a further radical operation.
Gli Adenolinfomi: Considerazioni istogenetiche
Authors: Servida Ernesto , Corbetta Serafino
Published: April 2018

The Authors report 5 cases of Wartin's Tumor they happened to observe, and study them especially from the pathological and histopathogenetical point of view.

The hypothesis is accepted of the disontogenetycal nature of such a tumor, and although in some instances the salivary origin is possible, in most cases the branchial origin il supported.
Attivita Progesteronica Pre-Ovulatoria E Sua Influenza Inibitrice Sul Ciclo Mestruale: Il valore del trattamento follicolostimolante e prolattina
Authors: Grattarola Renzo
Published: April 2018

Referring to a previous paper, it is stated that in some cases a progestonal activity may subsist in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. This progestonal activity is supposed to inhibit the corpus luteum development of the actual cycle. In fact in these cases the basal body temperature is observed to be of irregular type and the endometrium shows a mixed folliculo-progestional picture. Vaginal smears do not show signs of an efficient luteinic activity.

In such cases, the stimulating action of the LTH hormone, alone or associated with prolactin, does not modify the picture observed before treatment. A modification is obtained only by a previous gonadotropic stimulation in suitable doses and during the follicular phase.

In cases in which the progestional activity is deficient and of short duration but the first phase of the cycle is not troubled by a persisting progestional activity, the highest secretory response is obtained by prolactin administered during the second half of the cycle (endometrial picture similar to that of initial pregnancy, vaginal smear with intense activity of the basophilic elements, prolongation of the secretory phase of the cycle). 2 out of 4 cases who underwent this treatment recovered even from sterility.
La Terapia Ormonale Del Carcinoma Avanzato Della Mammella. Valutazione Dell'Efficacia E Della Dose Terapeutica Mediante L'Indagine Citologica Vaginale
Authors: Grattarola R. , Di Pietro S.
Published: April 2018

In 23 women (12 in menopause) with advanced mammary cancer, the vaginal cytological examination was performed during treatment with oestrogens and androgens.

Therapy attained a regression of the neoplastic process when hormones were administered in such doses to maintain the presence of picnotic eosinophilic cells (with oestrogen therapy) or of intermediate cells with active nucleus (with androgen therapy). When higher doses were administered, the disappearance of normal epithelial elements (picnotic eosinophilic cells and active intermediate cells) was remarked in the vaginal smear, associated with a pronounced vaginal hypotrophy (occurrence of eosinophilic basal cells and of vacuolized anucleated cells). In these cases the neoplastic process resumed its evolution.
L'azione Promovente Dell'ormone Follicolare nel Duplice Meccanismo di Carcinogenesi Dell'utero e Vagina di Ratte
Authors: Picco A. , Somaglino W. , Cuzzupoli F.
Published: April 2018

In order to study the promoting action of the follicular hormone on the genital system of the female, 48 rats were treated. After 2 previous endovaginal instillations of 0.30 per cent 3,4-benzpyrene, the rats have been divided into 4 groups: the first did not receive further treatment, the second received endovaginal instillations of 0.1 ml of folliculin (Estrene) every 3 days, the third received instillations of 0.1ml of croton oil in olive oil, the fourth 0.1 ml of a 5 per cent solution of croton oil in Estrene. The rats were sacrificed at time intervals, from a minimum of 20 days to a maximum of 250 days.

The whole of the experiments showed that:

a) benzpyrene in the employed dosis did not produce tumour occurrence in the genital organs of the rat.

b) the association of benzpyrene (initiating factor) with croton oil in olive oil (promoting factor) induces only changes of hyperplastic and precarcinomatous type.

c) folliculin, on the other hand, exerts a marked promoting action on cancer appearance. In fact, in animals treated with folliculin, a gradual transformation of the hyperplastic processes in precarcinomatous stages and in true epithelial tumours is observed, restricted to the vagina and the low portion of the uterine cervix; such transformation is directly related to the duration of the folliculin treatment, and the hormonal action is increased by croton oil association. In the upper portion of the cervix, in the horns, salpinx and ovary only alterations dependent on the specific and prolonged action of the follicular hormone are observed.
Rigonfiamento Pallido Del Nucleo
Authors: De Girolami E. , Ayre J. E. , Claudatus J.
Published: April 2018

The present paper reports results of a study of cytologic smears obtained from a group of research gynecological patients and is concerned with inflammatory and precancer conditions that show cells with « perinuclear halos ». It is pointed out that the pathological degenerations of the cytoplasm are initially similar to granules, vacuoles, or drops, which later grow and conglomerate, pushing the nucleus to the periphery. In the clear cells the morphological picture is very different: the pale area always surrounds the chromatin, growing from the center to the periphery, and being separated from the cytoplasm by a clearcut membrane. The lesion is thus considered as a « pale turgescence of the nucleus », caused by an acute or chronic irritation, resulting in an alteration of the physicochemical equilibrium between the nucleoplasm and the hyaloplasm. Some considerations in favour of this theory are presented, but future cytochemical and electromicroscopical studies will complete this first morphological finding.
Effetti Anabolizzanti Del 4-Cloro-Testosterone Acetato in Portatori di Neoplasie Maligne
Authors: Di Pietro S. , Magri M.
Published: April 2018

The treatment with 4-chloro-testosterone acetate exerted, in 10 patients bearing malignant tumours or operated upon, a manifest proteoanabolic effect, with increase in the body weight, augmented proteinemia, retention of urea and of the other catabolites of the protein turnover and improvement of the general conditions. No unpleasant side effects were observed.
Modificazioni Istomorfologiche Indotte da Alcuni Antiblastici Sul Tessuto Linfoepiteliale Della Tonsilla Palatina
Authors: Gandolfi M. , Esposito S.
Published: April 2018

The behaviour of lymphoid and epithelial tissues of the tonsil has been studied in rabbits treated with three substances supposed to have antiblastic activity: the 6-aminonicotamide, the dimethyl-dimetansulfonyloxybutane and the enanthic aldehyde. A marked action on the lymphoid tissue was exerted by the first substance, which nearly failed to act on the epithelium; no changes at the level of both tissues were induced by the second, and a cytolytic activity on the epithelium by the third one.
Rilievi Cromatografici Sulla Composizione Proteica Ed Enzimatica Del Tumore Della Mammella Nel Topo
Authors: Angeletti P. U. , Moore B. W. , Cowdry E. V.
Published: April 2018

Soluble proteins of various spontaneous and trasplanted mammary carcinomas in different strains of mice were chromatographed and separated into a number of peaks by gradient elution from DEAE-cellulose column. Several enzyme activities were determined in the various fractions. The chromatographic patterns were very similar in all the neoplastic tissues studied. Some enzyme activities appear to be divided into various components, which probably represent different molecular structures of the same enzyme.
Attività Di Estratti Di Urine Normali e Di Portatori Di Tumori Sulla Catalasi Epatica Del Topo
Authors: Spandrio L.
Published: April 2018

On the basis of previous researches, the inhibiting activity on liver catalase «in vivo » of butanol extracts of urines from normal individuals and from tumor-bearing patients have been studied. Both normal and pathological urines gave active and inactive extracts. Urines of the same individuals, taken at different days, gave results varying from a strong activity to a complete inactivity. The phenomenon is therefore aspecific, at least under the conditions used. Attempts to isolate the active substance, have demonstated the plurality of the active principles and their great lability.
Regional Hyperoxygenation: An Important Enhancing Factor of Anticancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Nervi Carlo , Casale Carlo , Cortese Massimo
Published: April 2018

Tissue hyperoxygenation is an important factor in enhancing the antitumor activity of cytotoxic agents. The authors describe their technique for regional hyperoxygenation by intrarterial infusion of hydrogen peroxide combined with anticancer agents. The method was tried in 34 patients with extensive head and neck tumors. Objective regression was obtained in 19 (55.7 %). Hyperoxygenation probably influences the cellular metabolic and enzymatic processes, thus enhancing the antineoplastic activity of cytotoxic agents. The method described is useful either as a palliative in extensive inoperable tumors, especially those previously irradiated, or as a first chemotherapeutic step in a comprehensive program of treatment in resistant, slow-growing tumors.
The Role of the Connective Reaction in the Development of Experimental Transplantable Tumours
Authors: Giordano Giovan Giacomo , Schiavo Francesco Lo , Narici Anna
Published: April 2018

The development and invasive growth of Guérin T8 epithelioma were studied, from the 1st to the 30th day after transplantation. Our histological observations may be interpreted as follows: 1) the onset of tumour growth is dependent upon the ability of the tumour graft to evoke a continuous vascular proliferation; 2) the undifferentiated connective tissue, which develops around the tumour graft, represents a mechanical support and/or a suitable chemical environment for the vascular proliferation rather than for the malignant invasive growth; 3) the tumour growth will start only when the vascular proliferation reaches the border of the tumour graft and stimulates groups of viable tumour cells, dormant survivors of the largely necrotic tumour graft, to cell division and infiltration.
Experimental Mouse Plasmacytoma: Presence of two Populations of Plasma Cells
Authors: Sessa Adalberto , Baacchi Giorgio , Invernizzi Fulvio
Published: April 2018

In mouse plasmacytoma experimentally induced with mineral oil, the presence of two plasma cells populations has been observed with the electron microscope. The most evident difference between them is represented by a different electron density, as to permit to classify them into « dark » and « light » cells. The higher electron density is ascribed to a higher cytoplasmatic concentration of ribosomial granules and mainly to a particular abundance of proteic material in the hyaloplasmic matrix. The possibility is discussed either that both the plasma cells populations really represent two different cellular kinds or, on the contrary, that they belong to the same cellular stem in a different functional behaviour or in a different maturation phase.
Surgical Management of Carcinoma of the Esophagus and Gastric Cardia: Evaluation of Early and Late Results
Authors: Pizzocaro Giorgio , Ravasi Gun Luigi
Published: April 2018

Between 1950 and 1964, 596 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus or gastric cardia were hospitalized at the National Cancer Institute in Milan. 224 patients were surgically explored and resection was performed in 137. The resectability rate was higher for tumors of the lower esophagus and gastric cardia than for tumors of the upper and middle esophagus. 36 patients died after resection of the tumor (26.2%). The mortality rate decreased from 38% in 1950–54 to 17% in 1960–64, and it was evident that the larger the tumor the higher was the mortality rate. 17 patients (12.4%) survived 5 years or more. The survival rate was significantly higher in localized tumors, in women, and in carcinomas of the lower esophagus and gastric cardia. Some good results were also obtained for carcinomas of the middle esophagus. Surgery (intubations and bypasses) proved to be a better palliative than radiotherapy for tumors of the lower esophagus and gastric cardia, and gave good results in many cases of carcinoma of the middle esophagus too. Carcinomas of the upper esophagus were better managed by the radiologist than by the surgeon and radiotherapy gave here its best results.
Resection of Limited Extent for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus: Report of two Cases
Authors: Pizzocaro Giorgio
Published: April 2018

Two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus of limited extent were treated one by local excision and the other by segmental resection with end-to-end esophageal anastomosis. The former, an intramucous tumor, recurred seven years after surgery; the latter, infiltrating the muscular wall, recurred after 18 months. It is concluded that local excision or segmental resection for localised squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is justified only in poor-risk patients and that failures are due to intramural extension of the disease. It is also suggested that the progression of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is silent and slow when the tumor is still confined to the mucosa and that it becomes aggressive and swift when the wall of the viscus is invaded.
Lobular Carcinoma Arising in a Fibroadenoma
Authors: Bosincu Luisanna , Eusebi Vincenzo
Published: April 2018

A case of lobular carcinoma arising in a fibroadenoma of the breast in recorded. Twenty-two such cases found in literature are examined and a detailed discussion of histopathology, prognosis and therapy is carried out.
Distribution and Chemotherapeutic Activity of Daunomycin and Adriamycin in Spontaneous Mammary Carcinoma of Mice
Authors: Lenaz Luigi , Di Fronzo Giovanni
Published: April 2018

The distribution of tritiaded daunomycin and adriamycin have been studied in inbred C3H mice hearing spontaneous mammary carcinoma. It was found that adriamycin administration results in higher blood and tissue levels than daunomycin and that significant levels may be maintained in the tumor as much as a week after 3 injections of adriamycin 2.5 mg/kg at 12-intervals. Tumor hearing animals were treated with daunomycin or adriamycin daily or on alternate days. Daunomycin proved to be active only when administered daily, while adriamycin activity is marked even if administered every other day. Adriamycin activity is particularly marked if administered according to an intermittent schedule (weekly cycle of 3 injections every 12 h); on this schedule results the toxicity, as determined from weight loss and survival time of treated animals, is also somewhat lower.
In Vivo and in Vitro Methylcholanthrene Carcinogenesis in Diffusion Chambers
Authors: Parmiani Giorgio , Carbone Giusi , Prehn Richmond T.
Published: April 2018

Two-compartment diffusion chambers containing murine fibroblasts and a 5% (150 μg) or 1% (30 μg) MCA-discs were placed either in the peritoneal cavity of syngeneic adult mice or incubated in vitro. After 4–28 weeks of culture, groups of 5–6 DC's were recovered at 4 weeks intervals, the MCA discarded, and the contents individually implanted into immunodepressed syngeneic mice. The carcinogen displayed a strong cytotoxicity in vitro but not in vivo with both doses. On the whole, when 5% MCA was applied sarcomas appeared in 22/23 mice implanted with cells of the in vivo DC cultures and in 11/16 mice which received the in vitro cultured cells; with the lower dose, the in vivo induced tumors were 19/22 and the in vitro ones 6/12. In all groups the tumor outgrowth into the assay animals was inversely correlated with the time of exposure to MCA during the culture period.
Review of 445 Recurrences of Cutaneous Epitheliomas after Surgery and Radiotherapy
Authors: Ricci Sante Basso , Volterrani Fabio
Published: April 2018

A series of 445 recurrences of skin cancers after surgical and radiological treatment is reported. The various factors influencing the incidence of such recurrences are reviewed, with special reference to gross features and primary tumor site. Eyelid- and nose cancers (including also sulcus - naso - genienus cancers) show a higher incidence of recurrence (respectiveliy 14.6% and 15.3%) than cancers of other regions (6.6%). Particular attention is given to the gross features of the primary neoplasm, because their evaluation is easier for skin cancers than for tumors of other regions. In tumor of less than 2 cm2 a 50% incidence is observed. The 117 cases of repeated recurrence are analyzed apart, because of the therapeutic problems. Histological features do not seem to influence the incidence of recurrence. Recovery was obtained in 179 of the 445 recurrences (40.2%). The possibility of recovery in a considerable number of recurrences (infrequent for malignant tumors of other regions) allowed a critical analysis of the treatment previously employed for primary tumors, based on the final result obtained by the new treatment. Long-term recurrences after treatment of the primary tumor showed a better prognosis.
A Study on the Geographical Pathology of Laryngeal, Bladder and Children Cancer in the Province of Torino
Authors: Segnan Nereo , Tanturri Gabriella
Published: April 2018

A previous report has shown that in the non-metropolitan areas of the province of Torino the incidence of cancer of the larynx in men during the period 1965–1969, although lower than in the town of Torino and its suburbs, was 3–6 times higher than in Great Britain, Norway, Sweden and Denmark. In the present study the distribution of these cancers was investigated in the 12 ecological areas and/or subareas forming the non-metropolitan areas of the province. A similar study for bladder cancer in adult men and all cancers (including leukaemias) in children, is also reported. In subareas 36, 37 and 42 of ecological area 01 (i.e., located NW of the capital and its suburbs) as well as in area 02 (located North of the province, around the town of Ivrea) a significant excess of laryngeal cancers have been diagnosed in adult men during the period 1965–1969. Cancer of the bladder was found in excess in men residing in subareas 37 and 43 of area 01 (geographically related to the town of Ciriè, where an epidemic of bladder cancer was recognized among workers of a chemical factory where 2-naphthylamine and benzidine have been widely used in the past), as well as in men residing in area 02. In addition, laryngeal cancer was found in excess among residents in Balangero (where a large asbestos-chrysotile mine has been in operation for a long time) and adjacent towns (observed 12, expected 5.14, p < 0.01). Bladder cancer was particularly frequent among residents in Ciriè and adjacent towns (19 cases vs. 9.18 expected, p < 0.01) as well as in those residing in Ivrea and adjacent towns (24 vs. 14.61 expected, p < 0.02). On the contrary, the whole area situated East and South of Torino and its suburbs seems to be a low-incidence area for both laryngeal and bladder cancer. For both tumor types the highest incidence was found in the town of Torino. Men residing in the 23 suburbs of Torino showed a high incidence of laryngeal cancer and a low incidence of bladder cancer. Cancers in children were fairly uniformly distributed throughout the whole province, including the capital.
Clinical Examination and 131Cs Scanning in the Diagnosis of Cold Nodules of the Thyroid
Authors: Buraggi Gian Luigi , Di Pietro Sergio , Doci Roberto , Rodari Antonio
Published: April 2018

The usefulness of 131Cs scanning in preoperative diagnosis of 131I cold nodules of the thyroid that present no clear clinical sign of malignancy is discussed. The results of clinical examination of 283 thyroid nodules, associated in 139 cases with 131Cs scanning, are correlated with the histologic nature. In nodules that were classified as cold, warm or hot in the 131Cs scan, the incidence of malignancy was 2.6, 12.3 and 25 %, respectively. In the nodules that, on the basis of clinical examination, were classified as probably benign, dubious or suspected for malignancy, the incidence of cancer was, respectively, 3.6, 26.3 and 72.7 %. Malignancy ocurred in 16 of 144 patients that were selected for surgical treatment only on the basis of clinical data and in 17 of 139 patients that were selected on the basis of clinical examination associated with 131Cs scanning. The accuracy of clinical preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cold nodules does not seem to be significantly improved by association of 131Cs scanning.
The Importance of Metastatic Cervical Lymph Nodes on the Prognosis and Therapy of Malignant Neoplasias of the Head and Neck
Authors: Rapoport Abrão
Published: April 2018

The author in a study of 667 patients submitted to unilateral or bilateral radical neck dissection presents a critical analysis of clinical palpatory and histopathological methods in the evaluation of the metastatical lymph nodes in head and neck cancer. The advantages of the last one are pointed out showing the real prognostic value of the histopathological metastases.
Laparoscopy in Staging and Restaging of 95 Patients with Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Spinelli Pasquale , Luini Alberto , Pizzetti Paolo , Giuseppe De Palo M.
Published: April 2018

The merits of laparoscopy with inspection of diaphragmatic leaves were studied in 95 patients with ovarian carcinoma. Laparoscopy was positive in 19 out of 27 new cases, 11 out of 47 patients previously treated and in apparent complete remission, and 12 out of 21 patients previously treated and with disease. Thirty-one out of 95 patients were shown to have diaphragmatic metastases alone and/or associated with other localizations of disease. In 5 out of 27 new cases the stage was modified after laparoscopy. The histologic-endoscopic correlation was correct in 28/36 positive cases (78 %) and in 31/32 negative cases (97 %). In conclusion, all patients with ovarian carcinoma should be subjected to laparoscopy as staging and restaging before undergoing laparotomy.
N-Acetyl-Beta-Glucosaminidase of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Patients with Cancer of the Larynx
Authors: Gierek Tatiana , Astaldi Giovanni , Lisiewicz Jerzy , Pilch Jan
Published: April 2018

In 20 men, age 35 to 55 years, with cancer of the larynx, activity of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined cytochemically according to Hayashi's method. Numbers of enzyme-positive cells were counted with regard to the type of cytochemical reaction (granular, granular-diffuse, or diffuse), and to the number of enzyme-positive lysosomal granules within a single cell. In comparison to 20 healthy men, age 20 to 30 years, the following changes were noted in the patients: 1) the decrease of the total count of enzyme-negative lymphocytes; 2) the decrease of the total count of lymphocytes with granular type of reaction; 3) the increase of the counts of lymphocytes with granular-diffuse and diffuse type of reaction. The authors suggest that these changes could be related to the immune reaction of specific tumor antigens.