bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПРОФЕСІЙНА МОБІЛЬНІСТЬ ФАХІВЦІВ ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ
Authors: СОГОКОНЬ Олена , КИРИЛЕНКО Олександр
Published: February 2025

Реалії сьогодення налаштовують заклади вищої освіти фізкультурного профілю на підготовку конкурентоспроможніх фахівців, які зможуть адаптуватись до змінних умов праці, здатних до професійної мобільності, що оволоділи високим рівнем теоретичних знань і практичних умінь та відповідають рівню висококваліфікованих фахівців європейського зразка. У статті обґрунтовано важливість професійної мобільності, яка вимагає модернізації вищої фізкультурної освіти і направлення її на підготовку високопрофесійних фахівців галузі фізичної культури і спорту. Формування професійної мобільності майбутніх фахівців фізичної культури – це сукупність принципів, методів і засобів, які використовуються в процесі навчання для розвитку в майбутніх фахівців здатності до постійного професійного зростання, адаптації до змін та готовності до нових викликів у сфері фізичної культури і спорту.  У поданому дослідженні ми з’ясували, що формування професійної мобільності фахівців – це складний і багатогранний процес, який вимагає системного підходу та залучення різних засобів і методів навчання.
Практико-орієнтоване навчання є невід’ємною частиною підготовки фахівців фізичної культури,  сприяє формуванню висококваліфікованих спеціалістів, готових до роботи в динамічному спортивному середовищі,  завдяки практичному досвіду випускники мають більше шансів на успішну кар’єру та професійне зростання. Цей вид навчання тісно пов'язаний з професійною мобільністю, формує  творчого фахівця, який самостійно приймає рішення,  вміє аналізувати ситуації, застосовувати отримані знання на практиці, здатний до нових викликів у сфері фізичної культури і спорті. У даному дослідженні ми визначили та охарактеризували компоненти професійної мобільності (мотиваційний, когнітивний, діяльнісний, рефлексивний) та подали чітке обґрунтовування необхідності їх застосування.
Ми розробили педагогічні умови, їх реалізація дозволить підготувати фахівців, які будуть здатні успішно працювати в динамічному середовищі сучасного спорту. Нами обґрунтовано, що при реалізації методичних засад необхідно у навчальні програми включити  дисципліни,  спрямовані на розвиток професійної мобільності (наприклад, "Інноваційні технології в спорті", "Психологія спорту", "Менеджмент у спорті"). У практичній підготовці рекомендуємо організовувати виробничі педагогічні  практики, стажування, воркшопи, що дозволяють студентам отримати досвід роботи в різних умовах. Обов’язковим елементом при підготовці фахівців фізичної культури є науково-дослідна діяльність, яка включає залучення студентів до проведення наукових досліджень, написання статей, участі у конференціях, виступів на круглих столах. Створення системи менторства дозволить молодим фахівцям отримати підтримку досвідчених колег та організувати активну професійну спільноту фахівців (тренерів) для обміну досвідом, підтримки, обміном ідеями та новими методиками навчально-тренерської  діяльності.
Girls and Boys Clubs Self-Administered Tool
Authors: Obare Onyango Francis , Undie Chi-Chi
Published: February 2025

This questionnaire was designed by the FGM Data Hub to be administered to girls and boys participating in the clubs implemented under FCDO-funded The Girl Generation – Support to the Africa-led Movement (TGG-ALM) to End FGM. The purpose was to generate data for tracking changes in knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, practices, and agency in relation to FGM and gender norms among girls and boys participating in the clubs, as well as the extent of their involvement in the programme.
Stories of Change Tool
Authors: Obare Onyango Francis , Undie Chi-Chi
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this tool and guidance is to support implementing partners to collect Stories of Change for the purposes of learning and capturing results of their interventions (e.g., to report against the Results Framework). The tool was developed by the FGM Data Hub, with input and feedback from The Girl Generation: Support to the Africa-Led Movement to End Female Genital Mutilation, for use by implementing partners to gather insights on the nature of changes occurring in the community as a result of their interventions. It can be used at community level, and also with other programme participants (e.g. students/ professionals, activists or grantee partners who have taken part in programme training or other events). Any text to be used with programme participants (consent section, questions used to gather information) should be translated into people’s mother tongue in advance.
Muhammad Abduh's Typical Modern Education: His Thoughts and Reforms in the Islamic World
Authors: Hafizh Muhammad , Rahardja Muhammad Nurfaizi Arya , Adawiyah Robiatul , Surahman Cucu , Supriadi Udin
Published: February 2025

In this modern era, everything is required to transform to suit the times. Likewise regarding education, in this era of continuous development, Islamic education is required to always develop to adapt to the times as attempted by Muhammad Abduh. Muhammad Abduh was an initiator of Islamic education reform who came from Egypt. This research is qualitative in nature and the data was obtained using the library research method. The data obtained was then analyzed using descriptive-analysis techniques. The results of this research will explain Muhammad Abduh's ideas regarding the renewal of Islamic education, namely (1) The aim of education is to educate the mind and soul and convey it to the limit of a person's possibility of achieving happiness in this world and the hereafter, (2) Muhammad Abduh aims to harmonize between general knowledge and religious knowledge, (3) Divide education into 3 levels (Primary Education, Secondary Education, Upper Education), (4) Each level has its own curriculum, (5) Divide educational methods into two, namely micro methods which are centered on teaching methods and macro methods which are systems where schools have an organizational structure where each division will influence each other, (6) Education without distinguishing gender.
Strategi Manajemen Konflik Studi Analisis pada Organisasi FORMAJ (Forum Mahasiswa Jombang)
Authors: Melvia Dwi Arta Arta , Hakim Ahmad Khairul
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan pengkajian mengenai bagaimana strategi manajemen konflik yang digunakan oleh organisasi Formaj dalam menyelesaikan konflik internal yang telah terjadi. Pembahasan yang tercantum di dalam penelitian ini adalah menjabarkan secara terperinci dari konflik apa saja yang terjadi, dampak apa saja yang ditimbulkan setelah terjadi konflik, strategi yang digunakan dalam menyelesaikan, dan metode apa saja yang telah dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan konflik dalam organisasi Formaj. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa strategi atau tindakan khusus yang dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan konflik dalam organisasi Formaj adalah dengan membuat AD-ART pada waktu MUBES (Musyawarah Besar) tiap tahun ketika pergantian masa kepengurusan. Terdapat juga strategi untuk menjaga kedisiplinan anggota ialah dengan menyebar undangan rapat atau kegiatan lain dengan waktu kurang satu jam dari waktu mulai yang sebenarnya. Sedangkan, metode yang telah diterapkan Formaj untuk menyelesaikan konflik yaitu dengan cara melakukan komunikasi secara efektif, melakukan strategi secara mediasi, melakukan musyawarah, dan melakukan strategi secara kompromi.
Social Capital and National Innovativeness – The Influence of Trust and Tolerance on the National Capacity to Innovate
Authors: Deckert Carsten , Schomaker Rahel , Albiez Philipp
Published: February 2025

While national innovativeness is of pivotal relevance for economic development, so far, relatively little attention has been paid to the social drivers of innovativeness. Thus, the role of social norms and values as drivers of innovativeness is somewhat blurry. Tackling this gap, the article at hand reflects the concepts of social capital, trust, and tolerance, before a model of social capital and innovativeness is developed and tested empirically, followed by the presentation and discussion of the results and a brief conclusion.
Redesign Considerations for a Person-Centered Nursing Home System
Authors: Sturmberg Joachim , Gainsford Len , Pond Dimity , Goodwin Nicholas
Published: February 2025

The nursing home sector globally faces significant challenges, including meeting residents’ diverse needs, adhering to regulatory demands, and addressing financial imperatives. These competing priorities often lead to fragmented care, preventable hospitalizations, workforce shortages, and systemic inefficiencies. This commentary examines the nursing home system through the lens of systems and complexity science, proposing a redesign framework that emphazises adaptive leadership, outcomes-focused governance, and alignment of organizational purpose, goals, and values. We identify systemic barriers across organizational levels and recommend principles for achieving holistic, person-centered care. Key strategies include fostering stakeholder collaboration, integrating feedback mechanisms, and redefining regulatory priorities to focus on resident well-being. This approach highlights the critical role of adaptive leadership in enabling systems that are flexible, sustainable, and capable of meeting the evolving needs of aging populations.
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility?
Authors: Zhang Yiyi , Chen Xingyu , Chen Kexin , Du Yuyang , Dang Xilin , Heng Pheng-Ann
Published: February 2025

Recent years have witnessed extensive efforts to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) across various domains, alongside growing attention to their ethical implications. However, a critical challenge remains largely overlooked: LLMs must balance between rejecting harmful requests for safety and accommodating legitimate ones for utility. This paper presents a Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) based alignment framework that achieves better overall performance by addressing this ethical-utility trade-off, using chemical domain applications as a proof-of-concept. Our alignment pipeline starts with a GPT-assisted three-phase data generation scheme, in which we create LibraChemQA, a chemical question-answering dataset comprising 31.6k triplet instances. By incorporating an innovative balanced seed in the data generation process, our framework systematically considers both legitimate and illegitimate requests. The framework also introduces a rephrasing mechanism for efficient data augmentation that enhances the model’s chemical comprehension. We further develop a novel hybrid evaluation scheme with LLM judges for precise assessment of both safety and utility. Experimental results demonstrate our model’s substantial improvements in overall performance where both safety and utility are considered - our resulting model, LibraChem, outperforms leading LLMs including Claude-3, GPT-4o, and LLaMA-3 by margins of 13.44%, 7.16%, and 7.10% respectively on our released benchmark.
From Tsarist Rule to Independence: The Transformation of Ethnic Identities in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Kokaisl Petr
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the stability and variability of economic and cultural characteristics among different ethnic groups in Kyrgyzstan. It examines historical and social processes shaping distinctions between nomadic and settled populations, indigenous and European settlers, and urban and rural residents. Using a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from censuses and archival materials with qualitative insights from field research and social media analysis, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of these distinctions from the tsarist era to the present. Findings reveal that state policies and historical contexts significantly influence economic and cultural disparities among ethnic groups. Despite historical transformations, certain cultural elements persist, affecting current socio-economic dynamics. The study underscores the need for tailored state policies that respect ethnic specificities and historical contexts to promote social integration and economic development.
Reporte de la situación del crédito en Colombia - Diciembre de 2024
Authors:   Departamento de Estabilidad Financiera
Published: February 2025

Este reporte presenta los resultados de la Encuesta trimestral sobre la situación del crédito en Colombia con corte a diciembre de 2024, en la que participan los establecimientos de crédito (EC) que otorgan préstamos: bancos, compañías de financiamiento (CFC) y cooperativas financieras (cooperativas). Adicionalmente, con el fin de complementar el análisis de la modalidad de microcrédito, se presenta un sombreado en el cual se analiza la situación actual de esta cartera para una muestra de entidades no vigiladas por la Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia (SFC), como cooperativas y fundaciones. Lo anterior, teniendo en cuenta que, para el microcrédito, el sector no vigilado por la SFC tiene un alcance geográfico y poblacional relevante con respecto al sector tradicional.
El objetivo de este reporte es analizar la percepción que tienen las entidades sobre la oferta, la demanda y el acceso al crédito, los cambios en las políticas de asignación en el trimestre analizado y las expectativas que se tienen para el próximo. Además, evalúa el uso reciente por parte de los EC de las operaciones de modificación y reestructuración de créditos, y presenta la carga financiera promedio de los deudores que accedieron a nuevos créditos en la cartera a hogares, compuesta por las modalidades de vivienda y consumo. En relación con el sombreado, además de los análisis de percepción de oferta y demanda, se examina la calidad de la cartera de microcrédito y los riesgos financieros de las entidades no vigiladas por la SFC.
El documento está compuesto por seis secciones. La primera analiza el panorama general de la situación del crédito, centrándose en las percepciones que tienen los EC con respecto a la demanda y oferta. La segunda se enfoca en el acceso al crédito de distintos sectores económicos y tamaños de firmas. En la tercera se analizan los cambios en la percepción de la oferta de crédito durante el trimestre analizado y las políticas de asignación de nuevos créditos. En la cuarta se presentan los principales resultados sobre modificaciones y reestructuraciones de préstamos, y en la quinta se analiza la carga financiera de los hogares deudores de nuevos créditos. Finalmente, en la última sección se incluyen algunos comentarios generales que resumen la situación actual del crédito en Colombia.
ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗОК МІЖ ПОКРИВОМ ТУШ ЖИРОВОЮ ТКАНИНОЮ ТА ЯКІСНИМИ ОЗНАКАМИ ЯЛОВИЧИНИ
Authors: Крук Ольга Павлівна , Угнівенко Анатолій Миколайович
Published: February 2025

У європейських стандартах покрив жировою тканиною туш великої рогатої худоби застосовують під час оцінювання їх якості та для визначення вартості продукції. Визначення кореляції між класифікацією туш за покривом жиру тварин різного напрямку продуктивності із забійними та якісними ознаками яловичини є актуальним як для виробничників так і переробної промисловості. Мета цього дослідження полягала у визначенні взаємозв’язку між розвитком на туші жирового покриву, оціненого за системою EUROP (2008) та її морфологічним складом і якісними ознаками у помісних бугайців, отриманих від корів української чорно-рябої молочної (УЧРМ) породи та голштинських (Г) бугаїв. Дослідження провели на 26 тушах у фермерському господарстві (ФГ) «Журавушка» Броварського району Київської області. Для цього було забито 20-22 – місячних помісних бугайців у забійному цеху с. Калинівки. Передзабійну живу масу тварин визначили зважуванням їх до і після 24-годинного голодування за вільного доступу до води. Після забою тварин оцінили розвиток жирового покриву на тушах та їх конформацію (м’ясистість) туш та згідно з системою Commission Regulation system (EC, 2008). Мармуровість m. longissimus dorsi, колір м’язової і жирової тканин дослідили відповідно до стандарту Japan Meat Grading Association (2000). Виявлено, що розвиток жирового покриву на туші вірогідно (Р>0,95) зворотньо корелює з відносним вмістом м’язової тканини вищого сорту (r=-0,597) і позитивно з її кількістю другого сорту (r=0,609), товщиною жиру під шкірою (r=0,646) та мармуровістю яловичини (r=0,661), що позитивно впливає на вибір споживача та сенсорні характеристики і якісні ознаки готового продукту. Проявляється тенденція до зворотної кореляції між розвитком жирового покриву на туші і забійним виходом (туші) (r=-0,237), відсотком м’язової тканини першого сорту (r=-0,457), кількістю жирової тканини (r=-0,170), сухожилок і зв’язок (r=-0,490), площею «м’язового вічка» m. longissimus dorsi (r=-0,389) та позитивної з вмістом м’язової тканини (r=0,492) і її кольором (r=0,483), кількістю кісток (r=0,554) та конформацією (м’ясистістю) туш (r=0,565). У подальшому отримані результати можливо використовувати для прогнозування кількісних і якісних ознак яловичини за розвитком жирового покриву на туші під час їх оцінювання на забійних підприємствах країни.
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF LOGISTICS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Uman National University of Horticulture, Semenda Dmytro , Semenda Olha ,   Uman National University of Horticulture
Published: February 2025

The relevance of logistics research in modern conditions is due to the rapid development of globalization processes, digitalization of the economy and the increasing role of innovation in shaping the competitiveness of enterprises. Logistics is an integral part of modern business, ensuring cost optimization, efficient resource management, and the creation of sustainable supply chains. It not only helps to improve the efficiency of operational processes, but also ensures the ability of enterprises to quickly adapt to dynamic market changes. Of particular importance is the integration of modern technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), big data analysis, and automated warehouse management systems (WMS) and transportation management systems (TMS). These tools can significantly improve the accuracy and speed of management decision-making in logistics processes, help reduce operating costs, minimize risks, and increase customer satisfaction. The introduction of digital solutions in logistics opens up new prospects for improving the efficiency of Ukrainian enterprises in a competitive environment. Special attention is paid to the environmental aspects of logistics, which are now an integral part of sustainable development strategies. The article discusses the importance of measures aimed at reducing the carbon footprint, introducing energy-saving vehicles and environmentally friendly packaging materials. Compliance with environmental standards not only reduces the negative impact on the environment, but also contributes to the formation of a positive image of companies among environmentally conscious consumers, which increases their competitiveness. The study focuses on the key challenges facing Ukrainian logistics. These include imperfect transport infrastructure, low level of digitalization of business processes, lack of a developed digital ecosystem, and the need to adapt to changes caused by economic and social transformations. Overcoming these challenges requires the introduction of innovative approaches, infrastructure modernization, and active public-private partnerships that will facilitate Ukraine's integration into global supply chains. In the context of increasing global competition in international markets, the importance of innovative activities in the field of logistics is emphasized. The use of modern technologies and environmental solutions adapted to the specifics of the Ukrainian business environment allows us to identify promising areas of logistics development aimed at strengthening the position of enterprises on the global stage. These aspects form the basis for long-term economic growth and sustainable development.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОГО ТАКТУ ВЧИТЕЛЯ-ЛОГОПЕДА В УМОВАХ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОГО ОСВІТНЬОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: Пакушина Людмила Зіновіївна , Литвин Інна Миколаївна
Published: February 2025

У статті розглянуто сутність поняття «педагогічний такт» та окреслено його складові. Також розкрито сутність і компоненти терміну «освітнє середовище», в якому виділено соціальний компонент, як основну рушійну та розвивальну силу і водночас специфічну складну систему, здатну до самоорганізації. Визначено, що інклюзивне освітнє середовище має такі особливості як гетерогенність учнівських груп дітей та командний підхід у роботі групи фахівців різного професійного спрямування: вчителів, спеціальних педагогів, психолога, медиків та соціального працівника. Робота у такій неоднорідній команді вимагає від кожного її учасника, неухильного дотримання правил корпоративної етики, що у цілому становлять основу їх професійного такту. Провідною ланкою соціальної системи інклюзивного освітнього простору, яка поєднує між собою таких різних професіоналів, як медичні працівники та психолого-педагогічні працівники є вчитель-логопед, професійна діяльність якого має забезпечити необхідне педагогічне продовження раніше прикладених медичних зусиль для успішної адаптації дитини з особливостями розвитку до різноманітних і мінливих умов довкілля. Тому вчитель-логопед має володіти особливим медико-педагогічним тактом. Для визначення особливостей педагогічного такту логопеда проаналізовано особливості професійної етики медичних працівників та виділені їх професійні якості, доцільні й для діяльності вчителя-логопеда. Сформовано теоретичну модель особливостей педагогічного такту вчителя-логопеда в умовах інклюзивного освітнього середовища. Визначено, що тактовність логопеда формується поступово на основі внутрішньої інтеграції природної доброти, чуйності, любові до дітей особистості із педагогічними цінностями, виділеними нею у процесі професійної підготовки. Таке особистісне новоутворення підсилюється професійною компетентністю набутою як у процесі навчання, так і подальшої професійної діяльності.
Description of Sphaericus selvagensis n. sp. from the Selvage Islands, and new data on Sphaericus bicolor Bellés (Coleoptera, Ptinidae)
Authors:   Dept. of Physiology and Molecular Biodiversity, Inst. de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (CID, CSIC), Barcelona, Spain, Bellés X.
Published: February 2025

Sphaericus (Sphaericus) selvagensis n. sp. is described from the Salvage islands. With Sphaericus (Sphaericus) bicolor Bellés, this new species is only the second ptinid beetle reported from these islands. S. selvagensis belongs to the Sphaericus pilula group, which also includes S. bicolor. However, the transverse shape of the pronotum (with its maximal breadth near the base) and the peculiar morphology of the aedeagus, distinguish S. selvagensis from all other members of the S. pilula group. S. selvagensis lives in all the major islands of the Selvagens archipelago: Selvagem Grande, Selvagem Pequena and Ilhéu de Fora.
Commercial bushmeat hunting in the Monte Mitra Forests, Equatorial Guinea: extent and impact
Authors:   Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Channel Islands, UK, Fa J. E. , García Yuste J. E. ,   Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional (AECI), Proyecto Araucaria Amazonas Nauta, Iquitos, Perú
Published: February 2025

Understanding the exploitation of bushmeat by commercial hunters is fundamental to resolving hunting sustainability issues in African rainforests. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of hunters operating from the village of Sendje in the Monte Mitra region, Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Offtake patterns of 42 hunters were studied over a period of 16 months. A total of 3,053 animals of 58 species were hunted during 1,914 hunting days. This represented around 11,376 kg of bushmeat or 2,219 animals extracted per annum. Most captures were mammals (43 species, 79%), constituting 90% of the biomass hunted, of these 30% were ungulates and 27% were rodents. Hunters used 17 hunt camps within the 1,010 km2 total study area. Hunting activity fell from the start to the end of the study, with fewer hunting days, biomass and captures being recorded per month. Captures fell from 700 animals in the first month to less than 100 during the last month. Per hunter, returns diminished from 21 in the first month to around 13 animals from the third month. Average body mass of prey also declined throughout the study period. The principal hunting method was cable snaring -over 100 million snare nights were estimated. An average hunter extracted around 50 animals or 271 kg of bushmeat per annum. Hunter and camp differences were significant. Most carcasses were sold for the city market or to villagers, and the proportion of carcasses sold to market was positively correlated with the species body mass. Capture rates and vulnerability were dependent on prey size since medium¿sized animals were more vulnerable to be caught than small or large¿bodied animals. Harvest sustainability was calculated for 14 mammals and it was seen that the situation was unsustainably for 5 species due to the extent and impact of hunting. The bay duiker (Cephalophus dorsalis) was by far the most heavily exploited species. Conservation of the Monte Mitra region is impossible unless the hunting for profit issue is resolved in Sendje and adjoining villages.
Aligning conservation goals: are patterns of species richness and endemism concordant at regional scales?
Authors:   Center for Conservation Biology, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Stanford Univ., USA, Ricketts T. H.
Published: February 2025

Biodiversity conservation strategies commonly target areas of high species richness and/or high endemism. However, the correlation between richness and endemism at scales relevant to conservation is unclear; these two common goals of conservation plans may therefore be in conflict. Here the spatial concordance between richness and endemism is tested using five taxa in North America: butterflies, birds, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles. This concordance is also tested using overall indices of richness and endemism (incorporating all five taxa). For all taxa except birds, richness and endemism were significantly correlated, with amphibians, reptiles, and the overall indices showing the highest correlations (rs = 0.527-0.676). However, ‘priority sets’ of ecoregions (i.e., the top 10% of ecoregions) based on richness generally overlapped poorly with those based on endemism (< 50% overlap for all but reptiles). These results offer only limited support for the idea that richness and endemism are correlated at broad scales and indicate that land managers will need to balance these dual, and often conflicting, goals of biodiversity conservation.
A survey of a pampas deer, Ozotoceros bezoarticus leucogaster (Arctiodactyla, Cervidae), population in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil, using the distance sampling technique
Authors:   EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasilia, Brasil, Tomás W. M. , McShea W. ,   National Zoo's Conservation & Research Center, USA, de Miranda G. H. B. ,   EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasilia, Brasil, Moreira J. R. ,   EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasilia, Brasil, Mourao G. ,   EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasilia, Brasil, Borges P. A. L. ,   EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasilia, Brasil
Published: February 2025

The pampas deer is an endangered South American species which occurs in open grasslands and savannas. This aim of this survey was to evaluate the use of the distance sampling technique to estimate densities of the species in the Pantanal wetland, as well as to analyze the applicability of the method for a monitoring program. The surveys were conducted on roads from vehicles and also on foot along 26 parallel transects in November 1999 and 2000 at Campo Dora ranch, south-central Pantanal, Brazil. Deer densities were estimated using the program DISTANCE, and the program MONITOR was used to run a power analysis to estimate the probability of detection of a decline in the population. The deer density estimated from vehicles, with data from both years, was 9.81±3.8 individual/km2, and 5.53±0.68 individuals/km2 from transects sampled on foot. The power analysis of these data revealed a monitoring program would require at least two surveys per year over seven years to obtain a 90% chance of detecting a 5% decline in the population. Our results also indicate surveys from roads are not recommended for pampas deer counts as the animals appear to keep a relatively safe distance from cars.
Changes in abundance of birds in a Neotropical forest fragment over 25 years: a review
Authors:   Dept. of Fisheries and Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Oregon State Univ., USA, Robinson W. D.
Published: February 2025

Few data are available to evaluate the long term effects of habitat isolation on species richness or abundances in the tropics. Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama, has been studied for more than 80 years since its isolation from surrounding lowland forest when the Panama Canal was constructed. Thirty-five percent of the originally present 200 resident species have disappeared. Although the loss of species is well-studied, changes in abundance that might help predict future losses have not been evaluated. One study in 1970 and the present study conducted 25 years later estimated abundances of most bird species on BCI. Comparisons indicate at least 37 species have declined by at least 50%. Twenty-six species of edge habitats are expected to decline as forest maturation proceeds, yet 11 forest species that are now rare may be lost soon. All 26 species that were present in 1970 but not detected in the mid-1990s were rare in 1970. Thus, rarity appears to be a good predictor of extinction risk in this tropical habitat fragment.
Population ecology and conservation of beetles and pseudoscorpions living in hollow oaks in Sweden
Authors:   Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Entomology, Uppsala, Sweden, Ranius T.
Published: February 2025

This paper aims at giving a summary of recent research on the habitat requirements and population structure of beetles and pseudoscorpions living in old, hollow oaks in Sweden. An inventory of old oaks in pasture woodlands revealed that the species richness of beetles is higher at sites that are originally open and are still grazed. The trees in these plots are preferred for two reasons: they are more sun–exposed and have a larger trunk diameter. Many species are harmed by forest regrowth and, thus, to preserve the rarer saproxylic fauna it is important to continue the management of areas with old oaks. In four of thirteen species (Osmoderma eremita, Tenebrio opacus, Elater ferrugineus and Larca lata), the occupancy per tree were found to be significantly positively correlated with the number of trees in the stand. This finding is noteworthy as there is little scientific evidence available to support that saproxylic beetles suffer from habitat fragmentation. The population dynamics were investigated on a certain study species, O. eremita. The results suggest that the individuals of each tree could be seen as a local population, and the populations in all occupied trees in a stand together form a metapopulation.
Further new species of the genus Dolichoctis Schmidt-Göbel from New Guinea and surrounding islands (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiinae)
Authors:   Zoologische Staatssammlung, München, Germany, Baehr M.
Published: February 2025

Two new species of the carabid genus Two new species of the carabid genus Dolichoctis Schmidt-Göbel from New Guinea and New Ireland are described: D. glabripennis of the striata-group (sensu Baehr, 1999) of the nominate subgenus, from New Guinea, and D. novaeirlandiae of the subgenus Spinidolichoctis Baehr, from the island of New Ireland. In New Guinea, D. glabripennis replaces D. microdera Andrewes of the Greater Sunda Islands and Moluccas that apparently does not occur in New Guinea. D. novaeirlandiae is the first record of a Dolichoctis from this island and it is outstanding due to its very short, only dentate elytra apex.
A new larval trombidiid, Calctrombidium nikolettae n. gen., n. sp. (Acari, Prostigmata, Trombidiidae, Trombidiinae) from India
Authors:   Dept. of Zoology, Agricultural Academy, Wroclaw, Poland, Haitlinger R.
Published: February 2025

Calctrombidium nikolettae n. gen., n. sp. is described from Calcutta in India. Larvae were obtained from plants. The new genus has the following main features: anterior dorsal scutum sensillae placed between setae AL and PL; PL setae placed posterior and lateral to bases of sensilla. Posterior dorsal scutum absent. Bf 5, 4, 4, Tr 1, 1, 1, Cx 2, 2, 1, all barbed. Posterior claw III reduced to a hooked conical spur.
A case study of species assessment in invasion biology: the Village Weaverbird Ploceus cucullatus
Authors:   Museum of Zoology and Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Michigan, USA, Lahti D. C.
Published: February 2025

Application of recent insights gained in invasion biology to particular species may aid in addressing a central problem of the field, that of prediction of the dynamics of future introduction and invasion. The Village Weaverbird (Ploceus cucullatus) is concluded to be a potential invader of concern in several regions, especially the Mediterranean, Caribbean, and southeastern United States. This conclusion is supported by the introduction and invasion history of the species, factors concluded in recent reviews and quantitative studies to correlate with introduction success or invasiveness in birds, the species’ agricultural pest status in its current range, and a published rating system. A proactive stance is recommended since control efforts have met with little success, but certain characteristics of the Village Weaver may provide opportunities for management
Edad, crecimiento y reproducción de Gobio gobio L. (Pisces, Cyprinidae) en un tramo regulado del río Segura (SE España)
Authors:   Dept. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Fac. de Biología, Univ. de Murcia, Spain, Miñano P. A. , García-Mellado A. ,   Dept. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Fac. de Biología, Univ. de Murcia, Spain, Oliva-Paterna F. J. ,   Dept. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Fac. de Biología, Univ. de Murcia, Spain, Torralva M. ,   Dept. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Fac. de Biología, Univ. de Murcia, Spain
Published: February 2025

The age, growth and reproduction of Gobio gobio, were studied during a period of two years in a section of the Segura River regulated by the effect of a small upstream hydroelectric power station. A total of 254 specimens were caught monthly by electrofishing. The studied population showed a maximum of six age classes in females (0+-5+) and five in males (1+-5+). All females were mature at 2+ age class, whereas only 62.5% 2+ males showed mature gonads. During the studied period, both sexes showed maximum values of Gonadosomatic Index in May and spawn was different between the two studied periods. Compared with other populations, the studied population from a regulated locality is characterized by a non¿seasonal body condition cycle and low captures of juvenile fish (0+, 1+) probably due to the effect of washing produced by drastic and unpredictable flow changes.
Linking processes: effects of migratory routes on the distribution of abundance of wintering passerines
Authors:   Servicio de Conservación y Espacios Naturales Protegidos, Dept. de Agricultura, Diputación Foral de Bizkaia, Spain, Galarza A. , Tellería J. L. ,   Dept. de Biología Animal I (Zoología de Vertebrados), Fac. de Biología, Univ. Complutense de Madrid, Spain
Published: February 2025

Movements of migratory birds across the Western Paleartic concentrate populations along Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts, thus producing flows of migrants that converge at both extremes of the Pyrenees. Here we analyse the effect of these corridors on the winter distribution of some passerines (F. Motacillidae, F. Turdidae and F. Fringillidae). The number of ring recoveries of migrants at the edges of the Pyrenees was higher than expected, a pattern that was also observed in the case of winter recoveries. In addition, there was a significant decrease in the abundance and species richness of the bird assemblages of the three families analysed wintering in the coastal farmlands of northern Iberian peninsula as their location was further away from the western corridor of the Pyrenees. These results suggest the existence of links between the routes of migratory passerines and their winter densities in northern Iberia.
Risk Factors Affecting HIV Cases at the 2023 Medan City Exemplary Health Center
Authors: Simanjuntak Imran , Asriwati Asriwati , Nasution Ramadhani Syafitri
Published: February 2025

The cumulative number of ODHIV (People with HIV) in Indonesia based on SIHA (HIV AIDS Information System) data reported as of March 2022 is 329,581 people. At the Teladan Medan Health Center, the number of HIV cases has increased every year. Where from 2019 to 2021 HIV cases at the Teladan Health Center reached 600 people who had routinely received ARV therapy and in 2023 there was an increase of 290 people to 890 people who had routinely received ARV therapy. Sexually transmitted infections, family history of diseases, socioeconomic circumstances, blood transfusions, homosexuality, heterosexuality are risk factors that affect the incidence of HIV. The researcher's goal is to find out the risk factors that affect HIV cases at the 2023 Medan City Health Center. Methods: Using observational analytical methods using a Case Control research design. The sample amounted to 148 respondents, 74 case groups and 74 control groups were taken by consecutive sampling. Data analysis was carried out univariate, bivariate and multivariate with logistic regression tests. The results of the study on the analysis of the bivariate test with chi-square showed factors that affected the incidence of HIV, namely the history of sexually transmitted infections p = 0.034, family disease history p = 0.021, socioeconomic status p = 0.045, drug p = 0.042, blood transfusion p = 0.024, homosexual p = 0.014, and heterosexual p = 0.029 against the incidence of HIV at the 2023 Medan City Teladan Health Center. Meanwhile, the multivariate test found that the most influential factor with the incidence of HIV was more than one sex habit variable (p= 0.001; Exp(B) 3,920). Conclusion The dominant risk factor affecting the incidence of HIV cases at the Medan City Health Center is the habit of having more than one. suggestions to improve promotive preventive services about the dangers of HIV, the factors that cause HIV, and create a culture of loyalty to couples and also demonstrate the issue of the dangers of HIV both among the community and students.
Factors Affecting the Utilization of Posyandu for the Elderly in the Working Area of the Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan District, Medan City
Authors: Pandiangan Marintan , Asriwati Asriwati , Nasution Ramadhani Syafitri
Published: February 2025

Posyandu (Integrated Service Post) for the Elderly is a community resource health service (UKBM) forum to serve the elderly population, whose formation and implementation process is carried out by the community together with non-governmental organizations (NGOs), across government and non-government sectors, the private sector, social organizations and others, with an emphasis on health services on promotive and preventive efforts. The purpose of the study is to find out the factors that affect the utilization of elderly posyandu in the Working Area of the Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan District, Medan City. The research design uses the Analytical Survey method with a Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study is all elderly as many as 11,050 people. The sample was 99 with stratified random sampling. Data analysis uses univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results of logistic regression showed that there was an influence of knowledge p = 0.008, perception p = 0.006, distance p = 0.003 and family support p = 0.002, while what did not have an influence was the attitude and support of health workers towards the utilization of posyandu for the elderly in the Working Area of Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan District, Medan City, the dominant factor was family support p = 0.000 Exp (B) 41,303 with 95% CI = 5,389-316,539. The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence of knowledge, perception, distance and family support on the utilization of elderly posyandu in the Working Area of the Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan District, Medan City. It is recommended to the Glugur Darat Health Center to further increase its participation in providing training to health workers and be able to promote the use of elderly posbindu and it is better for Door To Door health workers to provide counseling on the use of elderly posbindu.
Factors Influencing Wus in the Selection of IUD Contraceptives at the Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan District, Medan City
Authors: Simbolon Rona Elisi Marcia , Nadapdap Thomson Parluhutan , Lumbanraja Sarma
Published: February 2025

The government's efforts to deal with the population growth rate in Indonesia Data World Health Organization (WHO) shows that users of implantable contraceptives around the world are still under injectable contraceptives, pills, condoms and IUDs, especially in developing countries. The Medan City Health Office in 2022 found that there were 16,968 active birth control participants, of which 1,846 IUD users were used. For the number of postpartum birth control participants, there were 1,008 people with 142 IUD users and 13% of birth control drop-outs. The purpose of the study was to find out the factors that affect WUS in the selection of IUD contraceptives at the Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan District, Medan City. The design of this study uses a mixed method. The population in this study is all WUS in the Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan District, Medan City, which is as many as 251 family planning acceptors, with a qualitative sample of 72 WUS, for a qualitative sample of 3 WUS, 1 midwife, 2 husbands. Data analysis uses univariate, bivariate and mulitivariate analysis. The results of the study showed that there was an influence of knowledge, attitude, husband support, parity, and the role of health workers on the selection of IUD contraceptives at the Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan District, Medan City. While the most dominant factor is knowledge. The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence of knowledge, attitude, husband support, parity and the role of health workers on the selection of IUD contraceptives at the Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan District, Medan City. It is recommended to the Health Center to increase IUD selection and build positive information about IUD use by involving village PLKB officers and involving birth control acceptors as an example to eliminate the concerns of pus mothers so far through counseling activities and direct interviews with family planning participants so that it is expected to increase the use of IUDs.
Perdida
Authors: Fijalkow Jacques
Published: February 2025

Sarah, una niña de tres años, analiza lo que encuentra a su alrededor tras perderse momentáneamente en un edificio con mucho bullicio. Después de describir lo que percibe tal como los niños lo saben hacer, se da cuenta de que está extraviada. Hallar la forma de regresar con su cuidadora la hará vivir una experiencia aleccionadora.
Verano
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Villoro Ruíz Carmen
Published: February 2025

La familia Hermosillo ha quedado triste y desorientada tras la separación de Clara y Rodrigo, pero una joven proveniente de muy lejos trae consigo los saberes milenarios y los tesoros naturales necesarios para que cada integrante atraviese esta dolorosa transición con amor, poesía y sentido del humor. Ana, Rafa, Matilde y Carlitos vivirán nuevas aventuras y aprenderán lecciones que sólo aquellos que mantienen un vínculo profundo con la naturaleza pueden comprender. Esta historia es la de un verano inolvidable, en el que los protagonistas entenderán que las experiencias más duras pueden ser la entrada hacia nuevas e infinitas posibilidades.
El contrato social
Authors: Rousseau Jean-Jacques
Published: February 2025

Jean-Jacques Rousseau consideraba que no era posible esperar justicia cuando el orden social se basaba en la desigualdad y que, para lograr la libertad, es necesario someterla a una regulación. Por lo tanto, justifica que es necesario el abandono de un estado de libertad natural en los ciudadanos a cambio de que el Estado asegure un orden y les garantice ciertos derechos. Las cláusulas de este contrato son constituidas por los mismos individuos, donde mientras más derechos, más deberes.
Del espíritu de las leyes
Authors: de Secondat Charles Louis
Published: February 2025

Considerado por sus contemporáneos como el más importante de los precursores de la sociología, el inventor del análisis de tipos ideales, el padre de la moderna investigación histórica y el primero en explicar el derecho y las instituciones políticas en relación con el sistema social que funcionan, Montesquieu contribuyó de forma original a la teoría social y política. Del espíritu de las leyes es una de las obras más críticas del período de la Ilustración, en donde se estudia la división de poderes (ejecutivo, legislativo y judicial) en la que el autor considera que es el mejor sistema para luchar con el despotismo ilustrado.
El elefante y el pájaro
Authors: Fijalkow Jacques
Published: February 2025

Bodom era un pequeño elefante que disfrutaba pasar tiempo con los suyos y de elaborar ramos de flores en todos los colores. Joma es un pequeño pájaro amigo de Bodom. Esta entrañable amistad recibirá grandes lecciones cuando los conflictos entre ambos surjan a medida que Bodom pueda pasar menos tiempo con Joma. La valiosa lección en esta historia es sobre la importancia de hablar para solucionar los conflictos de una amistad antes de que sea demasiado tarde.
Aventuras de una nube
Authors: Carrillo Collard Patricia
Published: February 2025

Una pequeña nube blanca flota en el azul del cielo. Se estira, se alarga, se abomba, se para de manos y da volteretas. Este libro, escrito por Patricia Carrillo Collard y maravillosamente ilustrado por David Alvarado, nos cuenta sobre las aventuras que tiene una nube.
La integración de la Inteligencia Artificial en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje del software especializado de Diseño Gráfico
Authors: González García Antonio , Mote Hernández Samuel Roberto , Guadarrama González Jaime
Published: February 2025

La incorporación de la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (GenAI), el reconocimiento de la imagen y su alteración en los programasAdobe Illustrator y Adobe Photoshop ha cambiado los parámetros en la lógica de trabajo de dichas plataformas. Comprender los alcances del software y sus efectos en la creación de propuestas visuales dentro de los objetivos de la disciplina es fundamental en el conocimiento docente ante la rápida progresión en los mecanismos constructores de la imagen. En este acercamiento se exploran las posibilidades y la relevancia asociada con la implementación de la Inteligencia Artificial como catalizador en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje del software especializado de Diseño Gráfico. Asimismo, se destacan tanto los beneficios potenciales como los desafíos de enseñanza en el uso de estas herramientas, proporcionando una visión de la configuración de la imagen digital desde las virtudes y limitaciones de las nuevas tecnologías.