bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A gene regulatory network in Arabidopsis roots reveals features and regulators of the plant response to elevated CO2
Authors: Cassan Océane , Pimparé Léa‐Lou , Dubos Christian , Gojon Alain , Bach Liên , Lèbre Sophie , Martin Antoine
Published: February 2023

The elevation of CO2 in the atmosphere increases plant biomass but decreases their mineral content. The genetic and molecular bases of these effects remain mostly unknown, in particular in the root system, which is responsible for plant nutrient uptake.

To gain knowledge about the effect of elevated CO2 on plant growth and physiology, and to identify its regulatory in the roots, we analyzed genome expression in Arabidopsis roots through a combinatorial design with contrasted levels of CO2, nitrate, and iron.

We demonstrated that elevated CO2 has a modest effect on root genome expression under nutrient sufficiency, but by contrast leads to massive expression changes under nitrate or iron deficiencies. We demonstrated that elevated CO2 negatively targets nitrate and iron starvation modules at the transcriptional level, associated with a reduction in high‐affinity nitrate uptake. Finally, we inferred a gene regulatory network governing the root response to elevated CO2. This network allowed us to identify candidate transcription factors including MYB15, WOX11, and EDF3 which we experimentally validated for their role in the stimulation of growth by elevated CO2.

Our approach identified key features and regulators of the plant response to elevated CO2, with the objective of developing crops resilient to climate change.
Advancing understanding of land–atmosphere interactions by breaking discipline and scale barriers
Authors: Vilà‐Guerau de Arellano Jordi , Hartogensis Oscar , Benedict Imme , de Boer Hugo , Bosman Peter J. M. , Botía Santiago , Cecchini Micael Amore , Faassen Kim A. P. , González‐Armas Raquel , van Diepen Kevin , Heusinkveld Bert G. , Janssens Martin , Lobos‐Roco Felipe , Luijkx Ingrid T. , Machado Luiz A. T. , Mangan Mary Rose , Moene Arnold F. , Mol Wouter B. , van der Molen Michiel , Moonen Robbert , Ouwersloot H. G. , Park So‐Won , Pedruzo‐Bagazgoitia Xabier , Röckmann Thomas , Adnew Getachew Agmuas , Ronda Reinder , Sikma Martin , Schulte Ruben , van Stratum Bart J. H. , Veerman Menno A. , van Zanten Margreet C. , van Heerwaarden Chiel C.
Published: February 2023

Vegetation and atmosphere processes are coupled through a myriad of interactions linking plant transpiration, carbon dioxide assimilation, turbulent transport of moisture, heat and atmospheric constituents, aerosol formation, moist convection, and precipitation. Advances in our understanding are hampered by discipline barriers and challenges in understanding the role of small spatiotemporal scales. In this perspective, we propose to study the atmosphere–ecosystem interaction as a continuum by integrating leaf to regional scales (multiscale) and integrating biochemical and physical processes (multiprocesses). The challenges ahead are (1) How do clouds and canopies affect the transferring and in‐canopy penetration of radiation, thereby impacting photosynthesis and biogenic chemical transformations? (2) How is the radiative energy spatially distributed and converted into turbulent fluxes of heat, moisture, carbon, and reactive compounds? (3) How do local (leaf‐canopy‐clouds, 1 m to kilometers) biochemical and physical processes interact with regional meteorology and atmospheric composition (kilometers to 100 km)? (4) How can we integrate the feedbacks between cloud radiative effects and plant physiology to reduce uncertainties in our climate projections driven by regional warming and enhanced carbon dioxide levels? Our methodology integrates fine‐scale explicit simulations with new observational techniques to determine the role of unresolved small‐scale spatiotemporal processes in weather and climate models.
On the Misrecognition of Identity: Muslims' Everyday Experiences in Scotland
Authors: Ryan Caoimhe , Hopkins Nick , Ahluwalia‐McMeddes Amrita , Dobai Anna , Pehrson Samuel , Reicher Stephen
Published: February 2023

Political theory is interested in the misrecognition of identity because it impacts individuals' autonomy in their self‐definition and thus their ability to articulate and pursue identity‐related interests. Here, we explore minority group members' experiences of being seen in terms that do not accord with their self‐definition. Our data are qualitative, gathered through walking interviews with 24 Muslims in Scotland. Focusing on interactions in which they reported discrepancies between how they and others saw them, we differentiate four forms of misrecognition: (1) having the meaning of a valued identity (i.e., one's Muslim identity) defined by others in ways that one judges inaccurate and inappropriate; (2) having one's membership of a valued community (e.g., as a member of Scottish society) denied or rejected; (3) having one's identity (i.e., one's Muslim identity) overlooked such that one's distinctive identity‐related needs are not taken into account; (4) being seen in terms of just one of one's many social identities (i.e., one's Muslim identity) such that other identities (judged more situationally relevant) are ignored. This empirically grounded typology contributes to wider debates about the forms of identity (mis)recognition and their political implications.
Student, classroom, and teacher factors associated with teachers’ attunement to bullies and victims
Authors: Dawes Molly , Starrett Angela , Norwalk Kate , Hamm Jill , Farmer Thomas
Published: February 2023

Teachers are instrumental in antibullying efforts given their position of authority in the classroom context, yet teachers can only be effective at reducing victimization and bullying in their classrooms if they are aware of who is involved. Consequently, teachers’ attunement to bullies and victims is a critical component of social dynamics management and antibullying practices. Given the importance of teacher attunement, there is a pressing need to identify relevant factors related to the degree to which teachers are attuned to bullies and victims. The major objective of the current investigation was to examine student‐ (gender, popularity status), classroom‐ (average bullying, norm salience of bullying, popularity hierarchy, class size), and teacher‐level (gender, teaching experience) factors associated with teachers’ attunement to bullies and victims. Using a sample of students in 5th‐grade classrooms, we analyzed the likelihood of teachers being attuned to 267 bullies (76.8% boys) nested in 112 classrooms and 343 victims (55.1% boys) nested in 120 classrooms using multilevel mixed‐effects generalized linear models. Results indicated that teachers were more likely to be attuned to boy bullies and victims but less likely to be attuned to bullies and victims with higher popularity status. No classroom or teacher level factors related significantly to the likelihood of teachers’ attunement. Implications for social dynamics management and bullying intervention efforts are discussed.
Three steps to open science for qualitative research in psychology
Authors: Branney Peter E. , Brooks Joanna , Kilby Laura , Newman Kristina , Norris Emma , Pownall Madeleine , Talbot Catherine V. , Treharne Gareth J. , Whitaker Candice M.
Published: February 2023

Principles and applications of open science (also referred to as open research or open scholarship) in psychology have emerged in response to growing concerns about the replicability, transparency, reproducibility, and robustness of psychological research alongside global moves to open science in many fields. Our objective in this paper is to inform ways of collectively constructing open science practices and systems that are appropriate to, and get the best out of, the full range of qualitative and mixed‐method approaches used in psychology. We achieve this by describing three areas of open research practice (contributorship, pre‐registration, and open data) and explore how and why qualitative researchers might consider engaging with these in ways that are compatible with a qualitative research paradigm. We argue it is crucial that open research practices do not (even inadvertently) exclude qualitative research, and that qualitative researchers reflect on how we can meaningfully engage with open science in psychology.
The experience of flow cytometry for specific antibody against cisplatin‐treated red blood cells: A case report
Authors: Suzuki Kazutaka , Nagaharu Keiki , Maruyama Mitsuko , Matsumoto Takeshi , Ohishi Kohshi , Tawara Isao
Published: February 2023

Background

Cisplatin‐associated hemolysis is a rare but important adverse effect. Nonimmunological protein adsorption (NIPA) due to erythrocyte membrane modification has been reported as the leading cause of cisplatin‐associated hemolysis. However, limited data exist on cisplatin‐associated immunological hemolysis because of a lack of an established diagnostic method. Here, we used flow cytometry (FCM) to diagnose a patient with cisplatin‐associated immunological hemolysis.

Study Design and Methods

A 55‐year‐old woman with uterocervical cancer was treated with weekly cisplatin monotherapy (40 mg/m2). She had no previous transfusion and medication history, nor any significant family history. On the 26th day after cisplatin administration, severe hemolysis was noted. Her red blood cells (RBCs) and sera were evaluated by direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and indirect antiglobulin test (IAT), respectively. To explore immunological reactions for cisplatin‐treated RBCs, we attempted FCM using cisplatin‐treated and ‐untreated RBCs. After incubating conditioned RBCs with the patient's serum or healthy donor serum, we evaluated their fluorescent intensity by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐conjugated anti‐human immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies.

Results

The patient's DAT was positive, and an IAT using her plasma was positive for cisplatin‐treated RBCs. FCM using cisplatin‐treated RBCs revealed that the patient's serum had higher FITC intensity than the donor's serum, indicating the existence of cisplatin‐treated RBC‐specific IgGs in patient's serum.

Conclusion

Here, we report a rare case of a patient with hemolysis diagnosed using FCM to identify specific antibodies against cisplatin‐treated RBCs. NIPA and immunological mechanisms may contribute to hemolysis onset during cisplatin treatment.
Austeridade e a Perpetuação da Política da Morte Praticada Contra a População Negra no Brasil
Authors: Almeida Plinio Regis Baima de , Berner Vanessa Oliveira Batista
Published: February 2023

A proposta deste artigo é analisar as medidas de austeridade dos Governos Temer e Bolsonaro, conjugadas com dados socioeconômicos e de mortandade da população negra, a partir das categorias contidas no ensaio “Necropolítica”, de Achille Mbembe; do conceito de estado de exceção de Giorgio Agamben; e da biopolítica de Michel Foucault. Utilizando-se como metodologia crítica o diamante ético de Joaquim Herrera Flores, elegeu-se a historicidade e a posição como categorias de análise relacional. Constatou-se que as normas de austeridade podem ser consideradas “políticas de morte” em desfavor da população negra, uma vez que a limitação de despesas com políticas públicas e programas sociais é uma forma de “deixar morrer” da biopolítica, e que a associação da exposição à morte, dos espaços que se abrem fora da ordem jurídica e do exercício da soberania resultam na necropolítica de Mbembe; conclusão que se torna ainda mais irrefutável no atual cenário de pandemia.
Eficácia jurídica racialmente estratificada da proteção integral
Authors: Rodrigues de Mello Jaira , Luís Pena Ferreira Hugo , Da Silva Santos Elisângela
Published: February 2023

O artigo analisa aspectos empíricos do direito à infância e adolescência, não a partir de uma concepção genérica de eficácia e referida a um sujeito universal abstrato, mas com uma abordagem racializada da eficácia, que leve em conta as clivagens raciais existentes. O estudo questiona se, e em que dimensão, os estratos raciais são relevantes para a fruição empírica do direito à infância e adolescência a partir de variáveis correlatas a elementos mitigadores da proteção integral, como homicídios, óbitos por ocorrências, óbitos acidentais por armas de fogo, óbitos de menores de um ano de idade, nascidos com baixo peso, notificações de negligência e abandono, de violência física e sexual, de assédio e exploração sexual contra crianças e adolescentes, e de pornografia infantil. A metodologia é quantitativa e centrada em estatística descritiva. O recorte temporal da pesquisa consiste nos anos de 2019 e 2020, e os dados são referidos ao Brasil. A principal constatação foi a de que a raça/cor da criança e do adolescente importaram para a fruição do direito à proteção integral. Melhores patamares de fruição corresponderam ao estrato de raça/cor branca, e os piores a negros e indígenas. Constatou-se que homicídios de menores de 19 anos e óbitos acidentais por arma de fogo foram as variáveis mais sensíveis à raça, ao passo que nascidos vivos com baixo peso ao nascer foi a variável com menor viés racial. Os resultados contestam caracterizações de infância e adolescência desracializadas no Brasil.
Interventions to address impostor phenomenon: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Holt Jackie , Millear Prudence , Warren-James Matthew , Kannis-Dymand Lee
Published: February 2023

Objective:

This scoping review will identify and map the literature on interventions to address impostor phenomenon.

Introduction:

Impostor phenomenon, also known as impostor syndrome, describes intense feelings of fraudulence and chronic self-doubt. The phenomenon has been associated with a range of psychological issues and has been linked to negative career outcomes. While research on the prevalence of impostor phenomenon and its associated comorbidities has been reported for over 40 years, there is a paucity of studies that describe interventions to address this phenomenon.

Inclusion criteria:

The review will consider any English-language study that describes or evaluates interventions to mitigate impostor phenomenon. Quantitative and qualitative studies will be sourced from published literature, gray literature, and the references of retrieved articles. Studies will not be limited by participant or setting. Authors of primary studies will be contacted to identify additional sources or for clarifications, where required. Conference abstracts, editorials, and opinion papers will be excluded.

Methods:

Databases to be searched will include APA PsycNet, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. All databases will be searched from inception till the present. Retrieved citations will be independently reviewed by the reviewers, and relevant studies will be extracted using a data extraction form developed for this review. The results will be presented in tabular format and accompanied by a narrative summary. The review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI guidelines for scoping reviews.

Details of this review available at:

Open Science Framework osf.io/w7xg6
Digital health education and training for undergraduate and graduate nursing students: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Kleib Manal , Arnaert Antonia , Nagle Lynn M. , Ali Shamsa , Idrees Sobia , Kennedy Megan , da Costa Daniel
Published: February 2023

Objective:

The objective of this review is to collate and analyze literature reporting on digital health education and training courses, or other pedagogical interventions, for nursing students at the undergraduate and graduate level to identify gaps and inform the development of future educational interventions.

Introduction:

In this era of technology-driven health care, upskilling and/or reskilling the nursing workforce is urgently needed for nurses to lead the digital health future and improve patient care. While informatics competency frameworks serve to inform nursing education and practice, they do not address the entire digital health spectrum.

Inclusion criteria:

This review will include research studies, theoretical/discussion papers, and reports, as well as gray literature from relevant sources published in the last 10 years. Opinion pieces, editorials, conference proceedings, and papers published in languages other than English will be excluded.

Methods:

The JBI methodology for scoping reviews will be followed. Searches will be conducted in Embase, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Education Research Complete to retrieve potentially relevant studies. Hand searches of reference lists of included studies will be conducted. Two reviewers will independently screen records against predefined eligibility criteria and consult a third reviewer if conflicts arise. Decisions will be documented using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram. Quantitative data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics. Content analysis will be applied to qualitative data to identify categories and themes. Findings will be synthesized and reported in tables and narrative format.

Review registration number:

Open Science Framework osf.io/42eug
Ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging in hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: a retrospective study of 13 patients
Authors: Ren Ling , Fei Xiang , Zhu Yaqiong , Luo Yukun
Published: February 2023

Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the features of conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE).Material and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the US images (grayscale, color Doppler and CEUS) of the patients with histopathologically confirmed HEHE in our hospital from March 2015 to August 2021 who had underwent a US investigation.Results: A total of 13 patients were reported during the study period (seven men, aged from 23 to 62 years, with an average age of 40 years). The unifocal, multifocal, and diffuse lesions were 2, 9, and 2, respectively. Five patients (5/13) had liver involvement of both lobes, and eight (8/13) patients had only right lobe involvement. The maximum diameter of the lesions ranged from 1.9 to 7.0 cm. The grayscale US of HEHE mainly showed multiple hypoechoic lesions (n=9) near the capsule of the right lobe of the liver, with well-defined margins (n=7), accompanied by a hypoechoic halo (n=3) or capsule retraction (n=4) and calcification (n=8). Color Doppler US can detect blood flow in the lesion (n=8). CEUS was performed in five patients (5/13). The enhancement pattern of CEUS varied in the arterial phase, mainly including rim-like hyper-enhancement (n=2) and inhomogeneous hypo-enhancement (n=2), but was approximately the same in the portal venous phase and the late venous phase, both showing varying degrees of regression.Conclusions: The grayscale US and CEUS seem to provide some reference value for diagnosing HEHE
Seller’s market
The Big Myth: How American Business Taught Us to Loathe Government and Love the Free Market
Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway
Bloomsbury, 2023. 576 pp.
Authors: Thorp H. Holden
Published: February 2023

A pair of historians explain how market fundamentalism leads to science denial
New COVID-19 vaccine strategy would mimic flu’s annual shots
Authors: Couzin-Frankel Jennifer
Published: February 2023

Scientists and regulators seek new course amid uncertainty
Amelioration of trichotillomania with onabotulinumtoxinA for chronic migraine
Authors: Engel Emily Rubenstein , Ham Jeremy-Ann
Published: February 2023

We report a case of a woman in her 30s who struggled with a life-long history of trichotillomania (TTM; hair-pulling disorder), which was unsuccessfully treated with behavioural therapy and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In addition to TTM, our patient had a history of chronic migraine which brought her to our clinic, and treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA (OBTA) was initiated per the Phase III REsearch Evaluating Migraine Prophylaxis Therapy protocol. After experiencing improvement with migraine symptoms, she began off-label treatment with OBTA for her TTM with 45 units being injected, 5 units per site, in diffuse regions of her scalp, primarily on the affected areas of TTM-induced alopecia. The patient reported marked improvement in her TTM signs and symptoms, which resulted in hair regrowth as early as the first follow-up visit 12 weeks post-treatment initiation. Treatment effects were maintained, and additional hair regrowth was observed at the 1-year post-treatment visit, which equated to four cycles of treatment.
Different meta-analysis methods can change judgements about imprecision of effect estimates: a meta-epidemiological study
Authors: Wang Zhen , Alzuabi Muayad A , Morgan Rebecca L , Mustafa Reem A , Falck-Ytter Yngve , Dahm Philipp , Sultan Shahnaz , Murad Mohammad Hassan
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To empirically evaluate five commonly used meta-analysis methods and their impact on imprecision judgements about effect estimates. The two fixed-effect model methods were the inverse variance method based on normal distribution and the Mantel-Haenszel method. The three random-effects model methods were the DerSimonian and Laird, the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman and the profile likelihood approaches.

Design

Meta-epidemiological study.

Setting

Meta-analyses published between 2007 and 2019 in the 10 general medical journals with the highest impact factors that evaluated a medication or device for chronic medical conditions and included at least 5 randomised trials.

Main outcome measures

Discordance in the judgements of imprecision of effect estimates based on two definitions: when either boundary of 95% CI of the OR changed by more than 15% or changed in relation to the null.

Results

We analysed 88 meta-analyses including 1114 trials with an average of 12.60 trials per meta-analysis and average I2of 26% (range: 0%–96%). The profile likelihood failed to converge in three meta-analyses (3%). Discordance in imprecision judgements based on the two definitions, respectively, occurred between the fixed normal distribution and fixed Mantel-Haenszel method (8% and 2%), between the DerSimonian and Laird and Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman methods (19% and 10%), between the DerSimonian and Laird and profile likelihood methods (9% and 5%), and between the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman and profile likelihood methods (5% and 13%). Discordance was greater when fewer studies and greater heterogeneity was present.

Conclusion

Empirical evaluation of studies of chronic medical conditions showed that conclusions about the precision of the estimates of the efficacy of a drug or device frequently changed when different pooling methods were used, particularly when the number of studies within a meta-analysis was small and statistical heterogeneity was substantial. Sensitivity analyses using more than one method may need to be considered in these two scenarios.
Interventions to enhance psychological resilience in forcibly displaced children: a systematic review
Authors: Thabet Aya , Ghandi Sonia , Barker Erin K , Rutherford Geroge , Malekinejad Mohsen
Published: February 2023

Background

Children represent nearly 40% of forcibly displaced populations and are subject to stressors that affect well-being. Little is known about the effects of interventions to enhance psychological resilience in these children, outside clinical settings.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review, following Cochrane methods. Eligible studies tested resilience-enhancing interventions outside clinical settings in forcibly displaced children/adolescents. We included longitudinal quantitative studies with comparator conditions irrespective of geographical scope or language. We searched articles published between January 2010 and April 2020 in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO and the WHO’s Global Index Medicus. To standardise effect sizes across the different reported outcomes, we transformed reported mean differences to standardised mean differences using Hedge’s g statistic with associated 95% CI. We pooled data for meta-analysis where appropriate. We used Cochrane tools to assess study risk of bias and used Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation to determine evidence quality for meta-analysed outcomes.

Results

Searches yielded 4829 results. Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria. Studies reported 18 outcomes measured by 48 different scales; only 1 study explicitly measured resilience. Eight studies were randomised controlled trials; the rest were non-randomised pre–post studies. Interventions were diverse and typically implemented in group settings. Studies reported significant improvement in outcomes pertinent to behavioural problems, coping mechanisms and general well-being but not to caregiver support or psychiatric symptoms. In meta-analysis, resilience was improved (gav=0.194, 95% CI 0.018 to 0.369), but anxiety symptoms and quality of life were not (gav=−0.326, 95% CI −0.782 to 0.131 and gav=0.325, 95% CI −0.027 to 0.678, respectively). Risk of bias varied. Quality of evidence for most graded outcomes was very low.

Conclusions

The multiplicity of study designs, intervention types, outcomes and measures incumbered quantifying intervention effectiveness. Future resilience research in this population should use rigorous methods and follow reporting guidelines.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020177069.
Why falsified medicines reach patients: an analysis of political and economic factors in Romania
Authors: Nistor Adina-Loredana , Pisani Elizabeth , Kok Maarten Olivier
Published: February 2023

Introduction

To protect patients against falsified medicines, countries around the world implement stringent regulations. Despite efforts to protect supply chains in the European Union (EU), authorities continue to find falsified medicine. We studied how in Romania, one of the poorest EU countries, political and economic factors influence the risk of patients being exposed to falsified medicines.

Methods

For this case study, we reviewed 131 documents and interviewed 22 purposively selected key informants.

Results

In Romania, several politically and economically motivated policies have led to persistent medicine shortages. Following the 2007 accession to the EU, fierce competition led to a decline in domestic medicine production. Soon after, the government introduced a tax on reimbursed medicines to support the national health budget. Prior to the 2015 elections, medicine prices were abruptly lowered to provide voters with the cheapest medicine in Europe. The low prices incentivised traders to buy medicines in Romania and sell them elsewhere in the EU. The high taxes and low prices led manufacturers to withdraw medicines from the market and impose product quotas to limit parallel trading. The accumulated effect of these market responses translated into persistent shortages of essential medicine, which have pushed patients and health professionals to unregulated markets with a high risk of exposure to falsified medicine.

Conclusion

Strategies against falsified medicine with a narrow focus on safeguarding quality in the regulated supply are insufficient. To protect patients, governments must also ensure that patients have access to affordable medicines, as shortages provide an opportunity for those selling fake products.
Virtual teaching kitchen classes and cardiovascular disease prevention counselling among medical trainees
Authors: Razavi Alexander C , Latoff Anna , Dyer Amber , Albin Jaclyn Lewis , Artz Kristi , Babcock Alexandra , Cimino Francesca , Daghigh Farzaneh , Dollinger Beth , Fiellin Maya , Johnston Emily A , Jones Grace Marie , Karch Robert D , Keller Emily T , Nace Heather , Parekh Nimisha K , Petrosky Stephanie Nelson , Robinson Amy , Rosen Jessica , Sheridan Eva M , Warner Susan W , Willis Jada L , Harlan Timothy S
Published: February 2023

Background

Hands-on culinary medicine education for medical trainees has emerged as a promising tool for cardiovascular health promotion.

Purpose

To determine whether virtual culinary medicine programming associates with Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence and lifestyle medicine competencies among medical trainees across the USA.

Method

A total of 1433 medical trainees across 19 sites over a 12-month period were included. The Cooking for Health Optimisation with Patients-Medical Trainees survey composed of 61 questions regarding demographics, nutritional attitudes, dietary habits including MedDiet score and lifestyle medicine counselling competencies. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association of virtual culinary medicine education with MedDiet intake and nutritional attitudes.

Results

There were 519 medical trainees who participated in virtual culinary medicine education and 914 medical trainees who participated in their standard nutrition curricula. More than one-half of participants were women (n=759) and the mean age was 27 years old. Compared with students enrolled in traditional nutrition curricula, participants in virtual culinary medicine education were 37% more likely to adhere to MedDiet guidelines for fruit intake (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.83, p=0.03). Virtual culinary medicine education was associated with higher proficiency in lifestyle medicine counselling categories, notably recommendations involving fibre (OR 4.03; 95% CI 3.05 to 5.34), type 2 diabetes prevention (OR 4.69; 95% CI 3.51 to 6.27) and omega fatty acids (OR 5.21; 95% CI 3.87 to 7.02). Virtual culinary medicine education had a similar, although higher magnitude association with MedDiet counselling competency (OR 5.73, 95% CI 4.26 to 7.70) when compared with historical data previously reported using hands-on, in-person culinary medicine courseware (OR 4.97, 95% CI 3.89 to 6.36).

Conclusions

Compared with traditional nutritional educational curricula, virtual culinary medicine education is associated with higher MedDiet adherence and lifestyle medicine counselling competencies among medical trainees. Both virtual and hands-on culinary medicine education may be useful for cardiovascular health promotion.
BRCA1 deficiency in mature CD8+T lymphocytes impairs antitumor immunity
Authors: Wu Bogang , Qi Leilei , Chiang Huai-Chin , Pan Haihui , Zhang Xiaowen , Greenbaum Alexandra , Stark Elizabeth , Wang Li-Ju , Chen Yidong , Haddad Bassem R. , Clagett Dionyssia , Isaacs Claudine , Elledge Richard , Horvath Anelia , Hu Yanfen , Li Rong
Published: February 2023

Women withBRCA1germline mutations have approximately an 80% lifetime chance of developing breast cancer. While the tumor suppressor function of BRCA1 in breast epithelium has been studied extensively, it is not clear whetherBRCA1deficiency in non-breast somatic cells also contribute to tumorigenesis. Here, we report that mouseBrca1knockout (KO) in mature T lymphocytes compromises host antitumor immune response to transplanted syngeneic mouse mammary tumors. T cell adoptive transfer further corroborates CD8+T cell-intrinsic impact ofBrca1KO on antitumor adaptive immunity. T cell-specificBrca1KO mice exhibit fewer total CD8+, more exhausted, reduced cytotoxic, and reduced memory tumor-infiltrating T cell populations. Consistent with the preclinical data, cancer-freeBRCA1mutation-carrying women display lower abundance of circulating CD8+lymphocytes than the age-matched control group. Thus, our findings support the notion thatBRCA1deficiency in adaptive immunity could contribute toBRCA1-related tumorigenesis. We also suggest that prophylactic boosting of adaptive immunity may reduce cancer incidence among at-risk women.
Using Holocene paleo-fire records to estimate carbon stock vulnerabilities in Hudson Bay Lowlands peatlands
Authors: Davies M.A. , McLaughlin J.W. , Packalen M.S. , Finkelstein S.A.
Published: February 2023

Holocene fire records from charcoal are critical to understand linkages between regional climate and fire regime and to create effective fire management plans. The Hudson Bay Lowlands (HBL) of Canada is one of the largest continuous peatland complexes in the world and is predicted to be increasingly impacted by wildfire. We present three charcoal records from a bog in the western HBL and demonstrate that median fire frequency was higher in the Middle Holocene, related to warmer regional temperatures and higher evaporative demand. Holocene fire frequencies are lower than in western Canadian peatlands, supporting that the HBL lies in the transition between continental and humid boreal fire regimes. Apparent carbon accumulation rates at the site were not significantly different between the Middle and Late Holocene, suggesting that higher fire frequency and enhanced decomposition offset the potential for higher rates of biomass production. We compile records from the boreal region and demonstrate that increasing fire frequency is significantly correlated with diminishing long-term carbon accumulation rates, despite large variation in response of peatlands to fire frequency changes. Therefore, the paleo-record supports that higher fire frequencies will likely weaken the capacity of some northern peatlands to be net carbon sinks in the future.
Vortical effects in Dirac fluids with vector, chiral and helical charges
Authors: Ambruș Victor E. , Chernodub M. N.
Published: February 2023

Helicity of free massless Dirac fermions is a conserved, Lorentz-invariant quantity at the level of the classical equations of motion. For a generic ensemble consisting of particles and antiparticles, the helical and chiral charges are different conserved quantities. The flow of helicity can be modelled by the helicity current, which is again conserved in the absence of interactions. Similar to the axial vortical effect which generates an axial (chiral) current, the helicity current is induced by vorticity in a finite temperature medium with vector (electrical) charge imbalance via the helical vortical effects, leading to new nondissipative transport phenomena. These phenomena lead to the appearance of a new hydrodynamic excitation, the helical vortical wave. Our results suggest the existence of a new type of triangle anomalies in QED which involve the helicity currents in addition to the standard vector and axial currents. Further exploiting the conservation of the helical current, we show that a finite helical chemical potential may be used to characterise thermodynamic ensembles of fermions similarly to, but independently of, the vector charge and chirality. We derive the pressure P for fermions at finite vector, axial and helical chemical potentials and show that the quantities arising in anomalous transport, including various vortical and circular conductivities and the shear-stress coefficients, can be obtained by differentiation of P with respect to the appropriate chemical potentials. Finally, we calculate the helicity relaxation time in the quark-gluon plasma above the crossover and show that it is similar to that for the axial charge.
Matter bounce scenario in extended symmetric teleparallel gravity
Authors: Agrawal A. S. , Mishra B. , Agrawal P. K.
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we have shown the matter bounce scenario of the Universe in an extended symmetric teleparallel gravity, the f(Q) gravity. Motivated from the bouncing scenario and loop quantum cosmology (LQC), the form of the function f(Q) has been obtained at the backdrop of Friedmann–Lema$${\hat{i}}$$

i
^

tre–Robertson Walker (FLRW) space time. Considering the background cosmology dominated by dust fluid, the e-folding parameter has been expressed, which contains the nonmetricity term. Since the slow roll criterion in the bouncing context is not valid, we used a conformal equivalence between f(Q) and scalar-tensor model to apply the bottom-up reconstruction technique in the bouncing model. The dynamics of the model has been studied through the phase space analysis, where both the stable and unstable nodes are obtained. Also, the stability analysis has been performed with the first order scalar perturbation of the Hubble parameter and matter energy density to verify the stability of the model.
“What Is Life?”: Open Quantum Systems Approach
Authors: Basieva Irina , Khrennikov Andrei
Published: February 2023

Recently, the quantum formalism and methodology have been used in application to the modelling of information processing in biosystems, mainly to the process of decision making and psychological behaviour (but some applications in microbiology and genetics are considered as well). Since a living system is fundamentally open (an isolated biosystem is dead), the theory of open quantum systems is the most powerful tool for life-modelling. In this paper, we turn to the famous Schrödinger’s book “What is life?” and reformulate his speculations in terms of this theory. Schrödinger pointed to order preservation as one of the main distinguishing features of biosystems. Entropy is the basic quantitative measure of order. In physical systems, entropy has the tendency to increase (Second Law of Thermodynamics for isolated classical systems and dissipation in open classical and quantum systems). Schrödinger emphasized the ability of biosystems to beat this tendency. We demonstrate that systems processing information in the quantum-like way can preserve the order-structure expressed by the quantum (von Neumann or linear) entropy. We emphasize the role of the special class of quantum dynamics and initial states generating the camel-like graphs for entropy-evolution in the process of interaction with a new environment [Formula: see text]: 1) entropy (disorder) increasing in the process of adaptation to the specific features of [Formula: see text]; 2) entropy decreasing (order increasing) resulting from adaptation; 3) the restoration of order or even its increase for limiting steady state. In the latter case the steady state entropy can be even lower than the entropy of the initial state.
Sensor Performance and Structural Characteristics of CrxFe3−xO4 Ferrofluids
Authors: Hidayat Arif , Taufiq Ahmad , Aturrofi’ah Novi , Hidayat Nurul , Sunaryono  , Saputro Rosy Eko
Published: February 2023

The CrxFe[Formula: see text]O4 ferrofluids have been successfully synthesized using natural iron sand through co-precipitation method as a voltage sensor. The use of chromium dopants is intended to increase the ferrofluids response when used as a voltage sensor. A series of characterizations were carried out to support this justification, including structure, morphology, functional groups, optical properties, and sensor performance of the CrxFe[Formula: see text]O4 ferrofluids. The increase in the Cr[Formula: see text] molar fraction has an impact on decreasing in structural parameters of the CrxFe[Formula: see text]O4 ferrofluids. Visually, the particles show an agglomeration phase by the presence of interparticle forces. The study of functional groups showed that the CrxFe[Formula: see text]O4 ferrofluids had been successfully formed, marked by the appearance of all precursor functional groups. Analysis of optical properties based on absorption shows the phenomenon of intervalence charge transfer and causes a decrease in the value of the gap energy. Interestingly, the CrxFe[Formula: see text]O4 ferrofluids sensor sensitivity shows a good and prospective response making them suitable for new sensor candidates in the future.
User Interest Identification with Social Media Information using Natural Language and Meta-Heuristic Technique
Authors: Zheng Jiangbo , Liang Ying
Published: February 2023

As the number of Internet users and social networking apps has grown in recent years, interest-based recommendation systems have been more commonly used in practice. Given the vast quantity of data available from LinkedIn and Twitter, as well as the expanding number of users, it was critical to create a real-time framework for recommending and monitoring relevant tweets or posts based on the user's interests. Using association rules, the interests of social network users can be uncovered. A considerable number of association rules extracted from social networks were found to be mostly dependent on coverage requirements. After finding patterns of frequent and non-frequent patterns, a large number of non-frequent terms were eliminated in association rule mining. In order to reduce the complexity of the association rule mining process, the more relevant terms are selected by the Hybridized Competitive Swarm Optimizer and Gravitational Search Algorithm (CSO-GSA), which is utilized for association rule generation and classification using deep learning techniques. In this research, numerous relevant rules for human interest are identified. The numerical outcome of the proposed strategy is compared with existing state-of-the-art techniques. The proposed CSO with GSA outperforms the existing techniques.
Multiple-level Point Embedding for Solving Human Trajectory Imputation with Prediction
Authors: Qin Kyle K. , Ren Yongli , Shao Wei , Lake Brennan , Privitera Filippo , Salim Flora D.
Published: February 2023

Sparsity is a common issue in many trajectory datasets, including human mobility data. This issue frequently brings more difficulty to relevant learning tasks, such as trajectory imputation and prediction. Nowadays, little existing work simultaneously deals with imputation and prediction on human trajectories. This work plans to explore whether the learning process of imputation and prediction could benefit from each other to achieve better outcomes. And the question will be answered by studying the coexistence patterns between missing points and observed ones in incomplete trajectories. More specifically, the proposed model develops an imputation component based on the self-attention mechanism to capture the coexistence patterns between observations and missing points among encoder-decoder layers. Meanwhile, a recurrent unit is integrated to extract the sequential embeddings from newly imputed sequences for predicting the following location. Furthermore, a new implementation called Imputation Cycle is introduced to enable gradual imputation with prediction enhancement at multiple levels, which helps to accelerate the speed of convergence. The experimental results on three different real-world mobility datasets show that the proposed approach has significant advantages over the competitive baselines across both imputation and prediction tasks in terms of accuracy and stability.
One-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Cobalt Sulfide/E-Waste Derived Activated Carbon Nanocomposite as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water-Splitting
Authors: Devi S. Brindha , Navamathavan R.
Published: February 2023

An electrocatalyst with high performance can enhance the hydrogen production for overall water-splitting. This study reports on the e-waste-derived activated carbon encapsulated cobalt sulfide (CoS2/AC) nanocomposite synthesized via a simple hydrothermal process for overall water-splitting application. The microstructural image of CoS2/AC showed the aggregated stacked nanosheets of activated carbon encapsulating the cobalt sulfide nanoparticles. The nanocomposite of CoS2/AC exhibited the overpotential of 240 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a 34 mV dec−1 of Tafel slope value with extraordinary stability for OER. On the other hand, the nanocomposite exhibited the overpotential of 378 mV at 10 mA cm−2 with a Tafel slope of ∼134 mV dec−1 with splendid stability in 1 M KOH solution for HER. The enhanced electrical conductivity and electrochemically active surface area of the AC nanosheets and CoS2 nanoparticles in this nanocomposite account for its higher electrocatalytic activity. Thus, the hydrothermally synthesized CoS2/AC presents itself as a better bifunctional catalyst for overall water-splitting.
An Improved Adaptive Kalman Filter based on Auxiliary Model for State of Charge Estimation with Random Missing Outputs
Authors: Zhang Zili , Pu Yan , Xu Fei , Zhong Hongxiu , Chen Jing
Published: February 2023

In this study, an improved adaptive Kalman filter based on auxiliary model (IAKF-AM) is proposed for estimating the state of charge (SOC) with random missing outputs. Since the traditional auxiliary model (AM) method is inefficient for systems with scarce measurements, this paper provides an IAKF-AM method. Compared with the AM method, the proposed method uses the measurable data to adjust missing outputs in each interval, thus has higher estimation accuracy. In addition, a recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm is introduced, which can combine the IAKF-AM method to iteratively estimate the SOC and outputs. In the simulation part, the mean absolute errors (MAE) and the root mean squared error (RMSE) is used to evaluate the model performance under different cases. Simulation example verify the effectiveness of the proposed IAKF-AM algorithm.
Modeling the Resistance of Thin-Film Current Collectors in Thin-Film Batteries
Authors: Wang Zhenya , Danilov Dmitri L. , Eichel Rüdiger-A. , Notten Peter H. L.
Published: February 2023

Thin-film lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted much attention as one of the state-of-the-art energy storage technologies. However, most research regarded the current collector as infinitely conductive or with no separate simulation for this part. Herein, a model is proposed to simulate thin-film current collectors’ potential distribution and resistance. The effects of changing the aspect ratio and the thickness on the thin-film current collector are investigated. The experimental results obtained are in excellent agreement with the model. At the same time, this method is quite generic and can also be used for other types of batteries.
Rock Type Effects on Radio Signal Attenuation
Authors: Kordelin Kai , Virkki Johanna , Kordelin Jaana , Norokallio Juhani , Heikkinen Jari , Liimatainen Jyrki , Ukkonen Leena , Sydänheimo Lauri
Published: February 2023

This research work is aimed at studying different rock types and the effect of their mineral contents on an active 434 MHz RFID card’s radio signal attenuation. This research was done at the ONKALO nuclear waste storage facility using radio frequency identification (RFID) equipment. First, the studied area and research plan, including the used system and equipment, are explained. After this, the researched areas of rock types and their effects on radio signals are presented. This work focused mainly on occupational safety, but it also investigated whether it would be possible to use RFID technology in producing mines as well, especially in the boundary layer of the ore body. This research can help the design of communication frequencies for autonomous devices.
Silencing MYOT Expression May Inhibit Autophagy in Human Skeletal Muscle Cells
Authors: Lin Zhao-Jing , Xu Jun-Mei , Ji He-Yu , Jiang Ya-Qing , Su Jun , Fan Liang-Liang , Yu Rong
Published: February 2023

Muscle diseases are closely related to autophagy disorders. Studies of autophagy inhibition indicated the importance of autophagy in muscle regeneration, while activation of autophagy can restore muscle function in some myopathies. Previous studies have revealed that mutations in the MYOT gene may lead to several kinds of hereditary myopathies. However, whether the autophagy played a crucial role in hereditary myopathy caused by MYOT mutations was still not clear. In this study, we established the MYOT knockdown human skeletal muscle cell models (HSkMCs) by small interfering RNA. Real-time PCR and Western blot studies found that the expression of p62 and LC3B-II was decreased dramatically, which suggested that silencing MYOT expression may regulate the autophagy in HSkMCs. Further immunofluorescence study on Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B adenovirus transfection and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining revealed that knocking down the expression of MYOT may inhibit the autophagy. Next, we used the autophagy inducer Earle’s balanced salt solution (EBSS) and late-autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 (BAF A1) to treat the HSkMCs, respectively, and found that silencing MYOT expression can inhibit the activation of autophagy by EBSS and aggravate the inhibition of autophagy by BAF A1. Finally, we also found that silencing MYOT expression can downregulate the expression of ATG7 and ATG5, two important autophagy regulatory molecules. Hence, our study may first reveal that knocking down the expression of MYOT may inhibit the autophagy. Hereditary myopathies caused by MYOT mutations may partly result from the inhibition of autophagy in HSkMCs.