bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflecting on Four Performances in the Public Space of Athens
Authors: Kapetanaki Rania
Published: February 2025

In this article I expound my work in public space through four performance pieces that I have presented over the last decade in several areas of Athens. I discuss these performances, focusing on the artist's experience and perspective regarding the underlying intentions, the methods employed, and the parameters that determine each piece. More specifically, the following works are studied:Errants (Metaxourgeio, 2012): I invented a persona that would not trigger any sense of danger in those she encountered: a white, cisgender, well-dressed middle-class woman. She wandered the neighbourhood streets, dragging a wheeled suitcase behind her, looking for accommodation. The piece plays with the boundaries of the welcome or unwelcome stranger and attempts to intervene in the public sphere and to question issues such as racism and xenophobia.Unneeded (Eleonas, 2018): In order to provide myself and others with an opportunity to release what they considered unnecessary and burdensome; I crafted a dress out of a plastic garbage bag. I wore this dress and along with the audience traced a long silent route in the Eleonas area after the Scavengers' Flea Market had been held. I asked people to leave whatever they deemed unnecessary on the dress. Arriving at Beton 7 gallery, I removed the dress and left it there, detached from all of us, as an exhibit.Reconstruction (Lycabettus, 2020): This piece deals with the role of memory in constructing one's identity and the potential of actively intervening and altering it through the imprinting of photographs that depict moments of my personal life on my body. Ultimately, my body stood as an exhibit, a living and active archive, and the viewers bore witness to the intimate and transformative process that had taken place.Pou edy mou to kallos (Lycabettus, 2022): It was a visual, abstract representation of Lili Zografou's novel of the same title. The text, the natural landscape, the performer's body, and the dress were the axes that narrated the book's story and defined the performance. The sensory stimuli of the natural environment contributed to the overall experience of the performance.Analysing these works, I realise that three main elements permeate them: the active participation of the audience, the element of ritual and the healing function of performance. To conclude, I reflect on the impact on performer’s body, the fundamental role of space and time in public space performance, and the ‘here and now’ dimension of performance.
Spatial Dynamics in Jean-Paul Sartre’s Huis Clos
Authors: Grima Tyrone
Published: February 2025

This paper will be examining a practice as research project which focuses on the staging of Jean-Paul Sartre’s modern classic Huis Clos, translated for the first time in Maltese as Bil-bieb mitbuq. Sartre’s play presents the narrative of three unrelated persons, captured for eternity in hell. Through my participation in the process as director, I will analyse the spatial dynamics of this performance in relation with the theme of otherness. In this particular production, the notion of the space is presented in a reverse manner. In the first half of the play, where the three characters are attempting to comprehend why they have been placed together in hell, the actors are enclosed in a 3 by 3 metres enclosure made of gauze. The spectators observe the characters through these gauze walls in the same way how a clinical psychologist might observe the behaviour of a patient from a one-way mirror. In the second half, where the characters seek for an escape route, the gauze walls are suddenly lifted, and the characters use all the theatrical space, including the areas close to the audience. All of a sudden, unexpectedly, the audience become part of the action, and finds itself in hell as well. Hence, when Garcin shouts out his infamous line, the audience by this point has no other choice than to admit that even for them “hell is the other.” The objectives of this artistic project are also juxtaposed against the reactions provided by nine audience members who were interviewed after the performance, as well as against the published reviews of the production.
The Politics of Space in Ça ira (1) fin de Louis by Joël Pommerat
Authors: Ntourou Magdalini
Published: February 2025

Joël Pommerat's Ça ira (1) fin de Louis1 evokes the history of the French Revolution while exploring contemporary trends of depoliticisation. The linear dramatic structure of the performance follows the events from the King's convocation of the Assembly of the Three Classes in 1789 to the adoption of France's first Constitution and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in September 1791. However, the prospective dramaturgy -pointing towards the future and following “presentism”- neither moves from crisis to crisis towards a climax and a final resolution nor aims at a historically accurate narrative. Instead, the crisis is permanent and lasts beyond the performance, extending towards contemporary political crises and blending fact and fiction, past and present. In its five-hour duration, the theatre becomes a “parliament” where the spectator is positioned in the gap between presence and representation. The paper explores the ways the performance exposes this gap using strategies of staging the people (Rancière, 2011). After exploring the sound and vocal elements of the performance as a spatial “distribution of the sensible” which contributes to a heightened sense of presence and their spatio-temporal relation to history, we will examine how the aesthetic practice of staging the people is manifested in two scenes of the performance.
Aesthetic Description as Performative Act
Authors: Symeonidis Thomas
Published: February 2025

The aim of my paper will be to present some critical considerations regarding the relations between the notion of aesthetic description and what is known as performative act. By establishing a relation between the two, in terms of an analogy between the aesthetic and the performative, I will elaborate an argument regarding the aesthetic and performative properties of the body as an artwork and more broadly as a historical and material configuration. Understanding the aesthetic and the performative entails a certain refutation of conventional modes of causality along with the specification of an aesthetic domain of experience and the difference between causality and finality. My basic point is that what I call aesthetic description can be seen as a performative act. For the sake of my analysis, I will address a phenomenological idea of the body based on Judith Butler’s relevant contributions. For the larger part of my analysis, and under the aim to set an appropriate framework for unfolding my argument, I will rely on the way Jacques Rancière approaches two cases of aesthetic description. First, Winckelmann’s description of a statue known as the Belvedere Torso in his History of ancient art. Second, Schiller’s respective approach of a statue known as Juno Ludovisi in the 15th letter of his Letters for the aesthetic education of humanity. In both cases, there is the working of an aesthetic freedom exercised by the aesthetic categories of free play and appearance. In fact, these two categories are foundational for what Rancière calls the aesthetic regime of the arts in an attempt to capture the artistic and aesthetic phenomena that do not obey an imposed, in historical and cultural terms, harmony between poiesis and aisthesis. The overall aim of my approach will be to draw the basic lines of a method that entails the use of description as a performative-spatial tool that can in turn engage, in aesthetic and creative terms, with processes of reparation, reconstruction and re-design of impartial and ruined spaces.
The Notion of Space in Dance Performance
Authors: Grigoriadi Iro Glykeria
Published: February 2025

The body and the art of dance express ideas and reflections on both personal and socio-political issues in different ways, depending on the ideals and the particular characteristics of each era. The positioning of the body in space has always concerned dancers and choreographers who began to question the existing conventions of spatial organisation. Choreographers challenged the concept of “choreographic space,” placing their performances in public spaces and non-theatrical venues. The interconnected relationship between body and space is evident in both the context of everyday life and in dance performances. Although the shape or dimensions of the structured space in which movement takes place do not change, they do change in our perception through the experiential and emotional connections that are being made.
DIGITALSTAGE
Authors: Zaparaín Hernández Fernando , Ramos Jular Jorge
Published: February 2025

This paper aims to prove the interests, references, and objectives of the research project titled 'DIGITALSTAGE: Spatial Analysis of 21st Century Digital Scenographic Installations' (2022-2025), a project funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Spanish Government through its National Research Agency.The main objective of the research project is to document, represent, and analyse, using digital architectural tools, the new spatiality that has been generated since the 1980s, particularly during the 21st century, in various scenographic installations (artistic, cultural, scenic, or audiovisual), due to the disruptive integration of digital software: videomapping, stagebots, sound environment, augmented reality, 3D modelling and projection, 360º vision, holograms, among others.The aim is to provide the academic community with a cohesive analytical graphic methodology and documentation enabling, above all, the assessment of the significant spatial categories present in these stage configurations. In addition to the existing theoretical studies, it is expected to offer a new perspective by analysing their three-dimensional characteristics through procedures that have been already effectively used to comprehend and represent space in architecture, a discipline inherently focused on spatiality.
The genome sequence of the Large Red Tailed Bumble Bee, Bombus lapidarius (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Sivell Olga , Sivell Duncan , Smith Matthew N. ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2025

We present a genome assembly from an individual female specimen of Bombus lapidarius (Large Red Tailed Bumble Bee; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Apidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 368.50 megabases. Most of the assembly (81.04%) is scaffolded into 18 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 28.11 kilobases in length.
Therapeutic Potential of 1,8-Cineole in Respiratory Diseases with a Focus on Asthma, Sinusitis, and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Hermanowicz Kamil , Oleksy Daria , Doman Katarzyna , Nowak Julia , Cioch Michał Jakub , Najdek Agnieszka , Komada Dawid , Kaczmarska Urszula , Woźniak Aleksandra , Mycyk Marcin
Published: February 2025

IntroductionRespiratory diseases, such as chronic sinusitis, asthma, and URTIs, are among the leading global health burdens, affecting tens of millions of people every year. These conditions often involve chronic inflammation, impaired mucociliary function, and obstruction of the airways, leading to deteriorating respiratory health. 
The natural compound 1,8-cineole is a monoterpene present in eucalyptus oil and has received attention in recent times as an alternative therapeutic agent for respiratory diseases. Its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, mucolytic, bronchodilatory, antiviral, and antimicrobial effects may be beneficial in the management of these diseases. Clinical evidence has shown that 1,8-cineole provides symptom relief, improves lung function, and enhances quality of life, particularly in patients with COPD, asthma, and chronic sinusitis. Besides, due to its good safety profile and minimal side effects, it represents a very attractive adjunctive treatment option.
MethodsThis review synthesizes both classic and contemporary research findings on the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and safety profile of 1,8-cineole. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across peer-reviewed journals to provide a balanced and evidence-based overview.
ResultsEvidence indicates that 1,8-cineole effectively modulates inflammatory pathways by inhibiting cytokine release and suppressing arachidonic acid metabolism. Clinical trials demonstrate its efficacy in reducing symptoms of chronic sinusitis, improving pulmonary function in asthma, and alleviating symptoms in URTIs. Safety data support its tolerability, with mild gastrointestinal discomfort reported in rare cases.
Conclusion1,8-Cineole represents a promising alternative or adjunctive treatment for inflammatory respiratory conditions. Future research should focus on optimizing delivery methods and investigating its synergistic potential with existing therapies.
Clinical and radiologic outcomes of partial trapeziectomy and suture button suspensionplasty for the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal joint arthritis: a study with a minimum 2-year follow-up
Authors: Koh Yeongyoon , Park Seul Gi , Nam Jae Jun , Park Jong Woong , Choi In Cheul
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study investigated the clinical and radiologic outcomes of partial trapeziectomy and suspensionplasty with a suture button for thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint osteoarthritis over a 2-year follow-up period.Methods: This retrospective study involved 17 patients with thumb CMC joint osteoarthritis (Eaton and Littler stage II or III) treated with partial trapeziectomy and suspensionplasty using a suture button. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using a visual analog scale for pain, the Quick DASH score, pinch and grip strength, and thumb range of motion. The trapezial space ratio (TSR) was used as a radiologic parameter to evaluate radiologic outcomes immediately postoperatively, at 6 months, and at the final follow-up.Results: The study included 17 patients (female, 16 and male, 1) with an average age of 63.2 years (range, 56–70 years). Surgery was performed on the dominant hand in nine cases and the nondominant hand in eight. Significant improvements were observed in clinical outcomes. The TSR significantly decreased up to 6 months postoperatively, but there was no significant change from 6 months onward. Complications included button irritation (n=1), a metacarpal fracture (n=1), and flexor carpi radialis tendon rupture (n=1), which were subsequently treated. At the last follow-up, significant improvements in functional outcomes were observed in comparison to the preoperative status. Conclusion: The procedure demonstrated significantly improved clinical outcomes over a 2-year follow-up. This method is less invasive than other surgical techniques because it preserves part of the trapezium, making it a favorable surgical option in patients with early basal thumb arthritis (below Eaton stage III).
Exact Two-Step Benders Decomposition for the Time Window Assignment Traveling Salesperson Problem
Authors: Çelik Şifa , Martin Layla , Schrotenboer Albert H. , Van Woensel Tom
Published: February 2025

Next-day delivery logistics services are redefining the industry by increasingly focusing on customer service. Each logistics service provider’s challenge is jointly optimizing time window assignment and vehicle routing for such next-day delivery services. To do so in a cost-efficient and customer-centric fashion, real-life uncertainty, such as stochastic travel times, needs to be incorporated into the optimization process. This paper focuses on the canonical optimization problem within this context: the time window assignment traveling salesperson problem with stochastic travel times (TWATSP-ST). It belongs to two-stage, stochastic, mixed-integer programming problems with continuous recourse. We introduce two-step Benders decomposition with scenario clustering (TBDS) as an exact solution methodology for solving such stochastic programs. The method utilizes a new two-step decomposition along the binary and continuous first stage decisions and introduces a new scenario-retention strategy that combines and generalizes state-of-the-art Benders approaches and scenario-clustering techniques. Extensive experiments show that TBDS is superior to state-of-the-art approaches in the literature. It solves TWATSP-ST instances with up to 25 customers to optimality. It provides better lower and upper bounds that lead to faster convergence than existing state-of-the-art methods. We use TBDS to analyze the structure of the optimal solutions. By increasing routing costs only slightly, customer service can be improved tremendously driven by smartly alternating between high- and low-variance travel arcs to reduce the impact of delay propagation throughout the executed vehicle route.

Funding: A. H. Schrotenboer has received support from the Dutch Science Foundation [Grant VI.Veni.211E.043].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2024.0750 .
How are Emotional and Physical Demands Associated with Job Dissatisfaction? Moderated by Marital Status
Authors: Elfira Tirsa , Kusmaryani Rosita Endang , Wibowo Yoga Setyo
Published: February 2025

Although there has been extensive research on job satisfaction, the theoretical possibilities may be limited. In general, most of the research focuses only on job-demand factors. However, this study focuses on the emotional and physical demands on job satisfaction. Using the 5th wave of IFLS data, this study aims to determine the effect of marital status upon the relationship between emotional and physical demands on employee satisfaction in Indonesia. The results of research from 19,395 Indonesian employees show that marital status is a mediator in the relationship between emotional and physical demands on job satisfaction. The findings suggest that marital status underpins negative outcomes of emotional and physical demands on job satisfaction in Indonesia. Additionally, the present study found that gender differences affect job satisfaction. Traditional role values and gender concepts are discussed.Â demand; physical demands; marital status
Students’ perceptions of teachers’ translanguaging practices in Indonesian EFL classrooms
Authors: Fadila Deandra Jeihan , Agustin Dery Tria , Widagsa Rudha , Yana Pramugara Robby
Published: February 2025

In Indonesia, where more than 700 languages exist, EFL teachers make use of students’ linguistic repertoire (e.g., utilize the Indonesian language [hereafter ‘Indonesian’] which functions as the national and official language) during the English instruction. While previous studies have focused on various aspects of EFL teachers’ cognition, little has been known concerning students’ perceptions of teachers’ utilization of languages other than English during the EFL instruction. Therefore, the present study aims to further understand this issue by investigating students’ perceptions of translanguaging practices performed by their teachers during English lessons at a junior high school in Yogyakarta. A qualitative study with case study design was conducted to address the objectives. Three teachers’ classroom practices were observed and five students were purposively invited for interviews. Results showed that translanguaging practices performed by the teachers functioned as explanatory and rapport-building strategies. While students demonstrated positive attitudes towards such practices and stated that the teachers’ translanguaging practices supported their learning goals and helped to boost their motivation in language learning, they seemed to be concerned that uses of languages other than English during English lessons would not only reduce their exposure to the target language but also decrease their opportunities to improve their English-speaking skills.
Body sense
Authors: Farran Emily , Gripton Catherine , Lancaster Andrea
Published: February 2025

How do children develop embodied learning? By Prof Emily Farran, Dr Catherine Gripton and Dr Andrea Lancaster
Saying goodbye
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: February 2025

Starting nursery can be difficult for children and their parents. Annette Rawstrone offers some advice on how to make the transition as smooth as possible
To the max!
Authors: Weinstein Nicole
Published: February 2025

What resources and equipment are needed to deliver a robust outdoor curriculum for three- and four-year-olds? Nicole Weinstein finds out
See the signs
Authors: Mountain Julie , Robinson Felicity
Published: February 2025

Outdoors is a great place to find numbers and match them to quantities. By Julie Mountain and Felicity Robinson
Teacher's pet
Authors: Weinstein Nicole
Published: February 2025

Classroom pets are having a transformative impact on children's social and emotional development at one primary school in Leeds, Nicole Weinstein discovers
Easy does IT
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: February 2025

Management software providers have recently upgraded their products to help make nursery admin tasks even simpler for settings and families, finds Karen Hart
HR guru: Good Start
Authors: Edmunds Imogen
Published: February 2025

Imogen Edmunds, managing director of Redwing Solutions, which specialises in HR for early years settings, on improving retention through induction.
supporting neurodivergent staff: Think flexibly
Authors: Jones Leah
Published: February 2025

In the first part of this series, Leah Jones asks how settings can support neurodivergent staff
Exclusionary by Design: Law, Lawyers, and State Harms in the UK’s Streamlined Asylum Process
Authors: Hodgson Natalie
Published: February 2025

In 2023, in response to the UK’s growing asylum backlog, the streamlined asylum process was introduced. This article uses the streamlined asylum process as a case study for exploring the relationship between the state, law, and lawyers in the context of state harms. The article argues that the streamlined asylum process was designed to both downplay the importance of legal advice and make it practically difficult for a person to access legal advice. In doing so, the Government undermined an important procedural protection and created a process that increased the risk that a person would be erroneously denied protection. Ultimately, the streamlined asylum process was a continuation of the Government’s exclusionary approach towards people seeking asylum and its hostility towards immigration lawyers. While the streamlined asylum process was purportedly a policy of inclusion, this article argues that the process was exclusionary by design.
Autonomy over Life: The Struggle against Capitalist Development in West Papua
Authors: Saunders Samira Homerang , Sherwood Angela , Whyte David
Published: February 2025

West Papua—the part of the island of Papua currently ruled by Indonesia—is a site of aggressive industrial development, with major industries in gas extraction, metallurgical mining, and agricultural plantation. It is also home to the third largest rainforest area in the world after the Amazon and Congo basins. This article analyzes the struggle by the Papuan people to resist the rapidly accelerating form of industrial development that is being imposed on them against their will. It highlights how extreme forms of state violence and a politically imposed settlement, against the will of the Papuan people, fuel an ongoing conflict. The article therefore argues that demands for the right to self-determination as a form of political autonomy cannot be separated from the struggle to retain basic control over the essential conditions for life in West Papua: food production and the protection of water and air quality. Moreover, it argues that resistance to the Indonesian state in West Papua must be understood as a struggle for autonomy in the widest possible sense: a struggle to assert autonomy over the entirety of social and economic reproduction.
Axiological and emotive dimension of biblical metaphor in media messages
Authors: Jóźwiak Jolanta , Kuligowska Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

In this article, in accordance with the assumptions
of onomastic discourse analysis, conceptual metaphor
theory and cognitive linguistic research,
the biblical names David and Goliath will be
analyzed, the frequency of use of which in media
texts has significantly increased after Russia's
attack on Ukraine in 2022. Special attention will
be paid to the axiological-motivational dimension
of the biblical metaphor and the role of the
aforementioned anthroponyms in shaping the
media image of the war and the mental image
of the situation in the recipients of media messages.
On the one hand, the onimic units David
and Goliath appear in the international media
narrative of war as creators that open up spaces
of conceptualization related to the intertextual
source – the Bible and the clash of unequal
opponents. On the other hand, the presence of
the analyzed proper names in the texts opens up
new spaces that allow for the specific perception
of elements of the current situation and its social
perception. Biblical anthroponyms give the
messages an emotional character, to which the
evaluative component actively and significantly
contributes.
Emotionalization of chat communication in online computer games on the example of selected Instagram memes about League of Legends
Authors: Kowalewski Sławomir
Published: February 2025

The study of emotions is a relatively common and
still rapidly growing practice that is reflected in
many scientific disciplines. Nevertheless, emotions
are rarely studied linguistically and in terms
of their medial realization. In this context, particularly
under-researched and, therefore, in need
of research is the area related to verbal and
nonverbal communication in computer games.
The following paper presents an analysis of the
emotionalization of communication in the game
League of Legends. The research is based mainly
on the assumptions of media linguistics. However,
it also builds on the assumptions of other disciplines,
including game studies, semiotics and the
linguistics of emotions.The research corpus consists
of memes posted on Instagram dedicated to
the game and depicting parts or features of the
game that are used for communication between
players. The research focuses on the question of
how emotions are thematized, manifested and
evoked by language in chat. A noteworthy observation
is the support of verbal sign systems
(chat) by other mono- and plurimedial elements
of the game, and the resulting repetitive and
schematic nature of emotionalization strategies,
but also a creative approach to language and
other media.
Emotions in interpersonal communication and in translation
Authors: Tołkaczewski Filip
Published: February 2025

The article focuses on three aspects: non-verbal
and verbal ways of expressing emotions, as well
as the difficulties encountered by the translator
striving to recreate the emotional layer of the
text in translation. Emotions have a major role in
everyone’s life. Their expression may constitute
one of the most important factors determining the
process of interpersonal communication, regardless
of whether it is the non-verbal or verbal type
expression. Although emotions may be universal
by nature, the terms used to describe them are
not universal in various cultures and languages.
Thus, the translator is obliged to seek individual
and creative solutions to ensure that the reader’s
experiences are close to those of the original
text’s reader.
Strengthening the Rights to Culture and Mental Health in the Face of Environmental Violence
Authors: Luoma Colin
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT: Connections between the rights to culture and mental health are under-developed in international human rights law. This article interrogates the international legal framework relevant to these rights in the context of environmental violence against Indigenous Peoples and other land-dependent communities. It argues these rights can be strengthened by (1) accommodating alternative conceptions of mental health, (2) recognizing the rights to spiritual and cultural health, (3) treating cultural rights as underlying determinants of mental health, (4) evading a narrow focus on culturally appropriate treatment, and (5) framing the rights to culture and mental health as interrelated, interdependent, and mutually enforceable rights.
Human Rights Risks of Migration Flow Predictions and Policy Implications Within the EU
Authors: Tschalär Mengia , Xanthaki Alexandra , Xanthopoulou Ermioni
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT: The call for reliable, timely, statistical migration flow data by governments, the humanitarian sector, and policy makers has become significantly amplified within the European Union (EU). While migration flow predictions could potentially be beneficial to migrants in terms of the allocation of recourses for humanitarian purposes and the burden-sharing amongst EU member states, such predictions risk jeopardizing migrants and refugees’ fundamental rights. Based on the research policy findings made for the EU-funded ITFLOWS project, this article sheds light on the challenges migration flow prediction technology can pose for migrants’ human rights and makes policy recommendations on how to address them.
Asymmetric point-spread function in the tilted plane
Authors: Wang Fan , Blinder David , Wang Pin , Zhang Yaping , Ito Tomoyoshi , Shimobaba Tomoyoshi
Published: February 2025

In this article, we focus on the problem of sampling a point spread function (PSF) in a tilted plane for computational wave optics and holography. Conventionally, the PSF represents a symmetric wavefield distribution expressed in an orthogonal plane to the target hologram. In contrast, we reveal the wavefield for a point-spread function over a tilted plane, showing an asymmetric structure depending on the tilt angle. An asymmetric PSF formula was mathematically derived and proposed. The axial propagation of the asymmetric PSF was validated by applying it to the point-polygon hybrid method of computer-generated holograms. The off-axis propagation of the asymmetric PSF was confirmed in optical experiments by modulating the obliquely incident light with the asymmetric phase pattern uploaded to the spatial light modulator. The proposed method allows accurate off-axis light, propagation, which is not possible with a conventional symmetric PSF.
Experimental test of the chained CHSH inequality in a two-dimensional orbital angular momentum system
Authors: Zhang Dongkai , Qiu Xiaodong , Chen Lixiang
Published: February 2025

The chained CHSH inequality is of paramount importance in quantum information science, demonstrating superiority over the CHSH inequality in some quantum information tasks. Hitherto, experimental verification was rarely considered to verify the chained CHSH inequality, as previous experimental efforts primarily focused on the CHSH inequality. Here, by employing two-photon orbital angular momentum (OAM) entanglement, we experimentally demonstrate the chained CHSH across multiple settings. In theory, we demonstrate a geometrical connection of optimal measurement vectors and establish that the optimal measurement vectors reside in a circle through the center of the Bloch sphere. This allows us to construct multiple sets of optimal measurement vectors on different circles. In the experiment, we typically choose circles in the XOY, XOZ, and YOZ planes to observe violations of the chained CHSH inequality. Our experimental results indicate that the maximum violation increases with setting k, underscoring the dependence of the maximum violation on the measurement angles.
Brillouin adaptive self-supervised denoising: a denoising method trained without simulated dataset for Brillouin optical time domain analyzer
Authors: Wang Ziyang , Wang Yuyao , Zhang Zhihao , Ma Xiaole , Shang Chao , Yu Kuanglu
Published: February 2025

Brillouin optical time domain analyzer (BOTDA) is a distributed fiber optic sensor in which noise in the Brillouin gain spectra (BGS) significantly affects sensing range, spatial resolution, and Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) extraction accuracy. To maximize the utility of collected BGS and enhance BOTDA performance, we propose Brillouin Adaptive Self-supervised dEnoising (BASE), which we believe to be a novel denoising method based on self-supervised learning. BASE can directly utilize collected BGS data, generating sufficient training samples even from a limited number of noisy BGS images, to enable robust and efficient denoising. This approach circumvents the reliance on simulated noisy-clean BGS pairs required by supervised learning methods and overcomes the performance limitations of classical denoising methods. Experimental results demonstrate that BASE outperforms classical denoising methods such as anisotropic diffusion, 3D filtering, non-local means, and wavelet denoising. Furthermore, compared to the supervised learning method, BASE achieves a 9.5% reduction in root mean squared error (RMSE) for temperature extraction and a 25.4% alleviated spatial resolution (SR) deterioration. By innovating the learning process to eliminate reliance on simulated datasets and clean ground-truth BGS images, BASE effectively removes complex real-world noise, thereby improving sensor performance without requiring hardware modifications. Its ability to achieve high-fidelity noise reduction under varying noise levels and sampling intervals paves the way for more reliable and precise distributed fiber optic sensing, offering significant potential for practical applications.
Analysis of aero-optical effects within supersonic vehicle imaging fields
Authors: Chen Jian , Tian Dapeng , Jia Ping , Wang Zhishu , Wang Zeqi , Xu Rui , Wang Yutang
Published: February 2025

With the development of supersonic vehicles, aero-optical effects on imaging have attracted significant attention. However, previous studies have typically concentrated on the paraxial region, with limited consideration given to the influence of aero-optical effects within the entire imaging field. This study presents research findings on this topic, and establishes a field-of-view (FOV) model for analyzing aero-optical effects, which enables direct sampling of the field angle without specific optical system parameters. Based on this, a comprehensive analysis method for aero-optical effects within the FOV is proposed. The results of a typical study of a blunt-cone supersonic vehicle with concave windows are presented. It is demonstrated that the distribution characteristics and trends of aero-optical aberrations differ between the along-track and across-track FOVs, which can be attributed to the different non-uniform structures that pass through when rays incident in varying directions. After correcting for the central aberration, the angles of incidence that can be imaged clearly in these two directions are −3.89° to 0.56° and −2.78° to 2.78°, respectively.
Fast-speed electrically tunable liquid crystal metasurface for 2π phase modulation at normal and oblique angles of incidence
Authors: Zhang Wenhan , Pivnenko Mike , Chu Daping
Published: February 2025

This study presents an electrically tunable metasurface capable of achieving continuous 2π phase modulation at normal and oblique angles of incidence with high reflectance in the telecom C-band. By using constructive interference between electric dipole (ED) and quadrupole (EQ) resonances, the designed device achieved a peak phase modulation depth of 7.23 radians and reflectance exceeding 60% at normal incidence, as well as consistent 2π phase modulation for off-axis incidence extended to ±2.5°. It also exhibits rapid responses in switching, with a 0.7 ms rise time and 3.5 ms fall time. These findings show the potential of LC-tuned metasurfaces for fast response and off-axis 2π phase modulations.
Accurate Bayesian phylogenetic point estimation using a tree distribution parameterized by clade probabilities
Authors: Berling Lars , Klawitter Jonathan , Bouckaert Remco , Xie Dong , Gavryushkin Alex , Drummond Alexei J
Published: February 2025

Bayesian phylogenetic analysis with MCMC algorithms generates an estimate of the posterior distribution of phylogenetic trees in the form of a sample of phylogenetic trees and related parameters. The high dimensionality and non-Euclidean nature of tree space complicates summarizing the central tendency and variance of the posterior distribution in tree space. Here we introduce a new tractable tree distribution and associated point estimator that can be constructed from a posterior sample of trees. Through simulation studies we show that this point estimator performs at least as well and often better than standard methods of producing Bayesian posterior summary trees. We also show that the method of summary that performs best depends on the sample size and dimensionality of the problem in non-trivial ways.
Re-thinking “non-response” to wasting treatment: Exploratory analysis from 14 studies
Authors: Cazes Cécile , Stobaugh Heather , Bahwere Paluku , Binns Paul , Black Robert E. , Boyd Erin , Briend André , Isanaka Sheila , Kangas Suvi T. , Khara Tanya , Lelijveld Natasha , Mwangome Martha , Myatt Mark , Odei Obeng-Amoako Gloria , Trehan Indi , James Philip T.
Published: February 2025

Children who receive therapeutic feeding for wasting treatment but do not reach the anthropometric definitions of recovery (usually within 12–16 weeks) are categorised as ‘non-responders’ and considered as treatment failures. We conducted a pooled analysis to explore the growth trajectories of non-responders and the appropriateness of the definition of ‘non-response’. We pooled 14 studies of children aged 6–59 months receiving treatment for wasting. We included children classified by their studies as recovered or as non-responders. Observing the pooled data of non-responders’ mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), weight, weight-for-age z-score, weight-for-height z-score and daily weight gain rate, we found that the first quartile differentiated those who did not grow at all versus those that demonstrated some growth. We therefore defined ‘low growth non-responders’ as < 25th percentile anthropometric gain between admission and exit using the non-responders’ pooled study data, and ‘high growth non-responders’ as ≥ 25th percentile gain. We plotted the growth trajectories of MUAC-, weight- and height-related indices of the recovered, high growth and low growth non-responder groups over time using mixed effects generalised additive models. We compared age, sex and anthropometric characteristics of the three groups and explored predictors of non-response category using a multivariate multinomial logistic regression model. For all outcomes, the high growth non-responders started with a worse anthropometric status compared to those who recovered, but then tracked along a near-parallel growth trajectory. The low growth non-responders showed limited growth throughout treatment. High growth non-responders are better viewed as ‘delayed responders’ and may need to be kept longer under treatment to recover and reduce the risks from early discharge. Low growth non-responders are the true treatment failures and should be referred for further investigations as quickly as possible. In conclusion, non-responders are not a homogenous group; ~75% of them respond well to treatment and ~25% are treatment failures.
Development of a reliable, sensitive, and convenient assay for the discovery of new eIF5A hypusination inhibitors
Authors: Benaceur Oumayma , Ferreira Montenegro Paula , Kahi Michel , Fontaine-Vive Fabien , Mazure Nathalie M. , Mehiri Mohamed , Bost Frederic , Peraldi Pascal
Published: February 2025

eIF5A is a translation factor dysregulated in several pathologies such as cancer and diabetes. eIF5A activity depends upon its hypusination, a unique post-translational modification catalyzed by two enzymes: DHPS and DOHH. Only a few molecules able to inhibit hypusination have been described, and none are used for the treatment of patients. The scarcity of new inhibitors is probably due to the challenge of measuring DHPS and DOHH activities. Here, we describe the Hyp’Assay, a convenient cell-free assay to monitor eIF5A hypusination. Hypusination is performed in 96-well plates using recombinant human eIF5A, DHPS, and DOHH and is revealed by an antibody against hypusinated eIF5A. Pharmacological values obtained with the Hyp’Assay, such as the EC50 of DHPS for spermidine or the IC50 of GC7 for DHPS, were similar to published data, supporting the reliability of the Hyp’Assay. As a proof of concept, we synthesized four new GC7 analogs and showed, using the Hyp’Assay, that these derivatives inhibit hypusination. In summary, we present the Hyp’Assay; a reliable and sensitive assay for new hypusination inhibitors. This assay could be of interest to researchers wanting an easier way to study hypusination, and also a valuable tool for large-scale screening of chemical libraries for new hypusination inhibitors.
Towards high-quality development: The complex role of environmental regulation
Authors: Li Jie , Wang Xuguang
Published: February 2025

High-quality development is a necessary condition for a healthy society, and environmental regulation is an important means to maintain high-quality development. Against this backdrop, this study takes the Yellow River Basin in China as an example to explore the complex impact of environmental regulation on high-quality economic development, with a particular focus on the indirect impact of regional pollution heterogeneity on the complex influence. Utilizing panel data from 2011 to 2022, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the Yellow River Basin’s high-quality development that encompasses 29 fundamental indicators and applies the Entropy-Weighted TOPSIS method for a comprehensive assessment. The research found a significant positive relationship between environmental regulation and high-quality economic development, confirming the key role of environmental regulation in balancing economic growth and environmental protection. The article further analyzes the complex impact of environmental regulation under the background of pollution heterogeneity and discovers the nonlinear and threshold effect characteristics between environmental regulation and high-quality development. Notably, the positive influence of environmental regulation on high-quality economic development is already evident at lower intensities, yet becomes markedly more pronounced when the regulatory intensity reaches or exceeds a certain threshold. Additionally, the paper delves into the heterogeneous impacts of environmental regulation on high-quality economic development across regions with differing pollution levels. The findings indicate that in regions of severe pollution, the positive effect of environmental regulation is considerably more pronounced, potentially attributable to the heightened public concern for environmental issues and the stringent environmental protection measures implemented by the government. The study also addresses the issue of endogeneity using instrumental variable methods to ensure the robustness of the results. Ultimately, the paper presents targeted policy recommendations, including the formulation of region-specific environmental regulations, the establishment of regional collaborative governance mechanisms, the enhancement of public participation and oversight, and the promotion of green technological innovation, all aimed at fostering the coordinated advancement of high-quality economic development and environmental protection in the Yellow River Basin.
Pressure dependence of the structural and optoelectronic properties of Pb-free perovskites LiSnX3 (X = Br and Cl): A DFT approach
Authors: Rammoo Mohammed Noor S. , Abdulla Hameed T. , Ahmad Bewar M. , Abdulkareem Nawzad A.
Published: February 2025

In this study, the structural, electronic and optical properties of cubic lead-free halide perovskites LiSnX₃ (X = Br and Cl) under hydrostatic pressure are investigated. The first-principle approach based on density functional theory (DFT) is employed. The exchange-correlation functional is treated using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), specifically a variant of the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) method. The aim of the study is to understand the effect of pressure on the properties of LiSnX₃ (X = Br and Cl), with a maximum pressure limit of 6 GPa. The results show a decreasing tendency in the energy band gap as pressure increases. In addition, a prominent reduction in the energy band gap is observed when the halogen atom is changed from Cl to Br under constant pressure. The calculations also investigate the density of states (DOS), showing variations in energy levels near the Fermi level under different pressures. For optical properties, density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) is used in conjunction with the Kramers-Kronig relation. Optical parameters such as the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant, refractive index, absorption coefficient, and wavelength are computed under different pressures to understand the optical response of the perovskites to the electromagnetic spectrum. The insights from this study highlight the fundamental properties of LiSnX₃ (X = Br and Cl) under different pressures, which could influence advancements in optoelectronic devices, photonic applications, and solar cell technologies. Moreover, this research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on lead-free halide perovskites, encouraging further developments in the field.
X under Musk’s leadership: Substantial hate and no reduction in inauthentic activity
Authors: Hickey Daniel , Fessler Daniel M. T. , Lerman Kristina , Burghardt Keith
Published: February 2025

Numerous studies have reported an increase in hate speech on X (formerly Twitter) in the months immediately following Elon Musk’s acquisition of the platform on October 27th, 2022; relatedly, despite Musk’s pledge to “defeat the spam bots,” a recent study reported no substantial change in the concentration of inauthentic accounts. However, it is not known whether any of these trends endured. We address this by examining material posted on X from the beginning of 2022 through June 2023, the period that includes Musk’s full tenure as CEO. We find that the increase in hate speech just before Musk bought X persisted until at least May of 2023, with the weekly rate of hate speech being approximately 50% higher than the months preceding his purchase, although this increase cannot be directly attributed to any policy at X. The increase is seen across multiple dimensions of hate, including racism, homophobia, and transphobia. Moreover, there is a doubling of hate post “likes,” indicating increased engagement with hate posts. In addition to measuring hate speech, we also measure the presence of inauthentic accounts on the platform; these accounts are often used in spam and malicious information campaigns. We find no reduction (and a possible increase) in activity by these users after Musk purchased X, which could point to further negative outcomes, such as the potential for scams, interference in elections, or harm to public health campaigns. Overall, the long-term increase in hate speech, and the prevalence of potentially inauthentic accounts, are concerning, as these factors can undermine safe and democratic online environments, and increase the risk of offline harms.