bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AQUAPESQUISA: strategic diagnosis of institutions suppliers and demanders of technology in fisheries and aquaculture
Authors: Rebelatto Junior Isidoro Antonio , Flores Roberto Manolio Valladão , Lima Adriana Ferreira , Da Silva Adriano Prysthon , Rosa Daniele KlÃ¶ppel , De Pinho Milena Santos , Soares Simone Santos
Published: January 2015

The research project named Aquapesquisa aimed to do a survey and a database of public and private organizations, suppliers and demanders of technologies and knowledge of the Brazilian national fishing and aquaculture sector and, afterwards, with the application of a quantitative survey to the registered organizations, characterize and describe the profile of the companies in this sector. The first stage of this survey was conducted between February and December of 2012, which was the search for institutions that fit the categories: research and development; rural extension and technical assistance; science and technology; fishing colonies and associations. In this first stage 3,480 institutions were identified throughout Brazil. On a second stage, which was held between December of 2012 and July of 2013, the identified institutions were asked to answer voluntarily to some questionnaires, with 273 institutions responding to the survey. For this survey, four questionnaires were developed by the technical staff of Embrapa Fisheries and Aquaculture; the main questionnaire applied to all institutions, while the other 3 specific questionnaires were applied according with the area of work developed by each institution. The questionnaires were applied in electronic media via web or through phone calls. The results obtained from this survey is a diagnosis of the sector, presenting, among other information: the profile of the institutions that responded to the survey; the main aquatic species used in the work undertaken in each region; the main methods used for technology transfer; the main sponsors of research projects; the main public who have used the developed technologies; a list of the courses in fishing and aquaculture offered by the educational institutions and; the main demands of the technical assistance professionals for technologies and knowledge in fishing and aquaculture. It also presents a register of researchers and their respective areas of research.
Perceptions and realities: public opinion on forests and forestry in Finland, 1993–2012
Authors: Fabra Crespo Miguel , Saastamoinen Olli , Matero Jukka , Mäntyranta Hannes
Published: January 2015

The perception of the Finns about forests and forestry has been tracked over a period of more than 15 years. The results of this survey constitute the longest sequence of data of this type at the national level anywhere in the world. The peopleâs perception of reality represents a factor that influences decisions about policy. For this reason, it deserves monitoring and analysis. Forests in Finland are highly meaningful to the people, who are generally well informed and link their opinions to the facts that they are able to observe. The variability of the responses over the years of the survey is not significant. Silviculture and forest management are perceived as good by most Finns. Finns are aware that more forest grows than is harvested, and they also know that some raw material is still imported. However, they demand that more forest be protected. Finns are aware that their forest industry is not performing well at the international level. They also demand an increased wood supply for building construction. Forest harvesting is viewed as a source of employment and welfare.
Wiedomys cerradensis (Gonçalves, Almeida, Bonvicino, 2003) (Rodentia, Cricetidae): first record from the state of Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Olímpio Ana Priscila Medeiros , Costa Jociel Ferreira , do Nascimento Daiane Chaves , Campos Bruno A.T.P. , da Costa Fraga Elmary , Barros Maria Claudene
Published: January 2015

Hershkovitz, 1959, was considered to be a monotypic genus for >40 years until P.R. Gonçalves et al. described
Frequency Domain Identification of Multivariable Model for Aero-Engine using an Improved Maximum Likelihood Method
Authors: Liu Nan , Huang Jinquan , Lu Feng , Pan Muxuan
Published: January 2015

For the linear modeling problem of multivariable system of aero-engine, considering the coupling between parameters, a multivariable maximum likelihood (ML) estimation method is researched. An improved expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm integrated genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed and applied to the process of ML identification of frequency domain. The amplitude, harmonic and phase vectors of odd-odd multi-sine exciting signal are designed and optimized. With the application of the proposed method, multivariable linear models of aero-engine at different operation states in flight envelope are established from nonlinear component-level model. The precision is demonstrated through simulations comparing to nonlinear model.
Compressor Instability Active Control via Closed-Coupled Valve and Throttle Actuators
Authors: Sheng Hanlin , Huang Wei , Zhang Tianhong , Huang Xianghua
Published: January 2015

Active control techniques are widely researched to expand the stable operating range of axial flow compressors in aero-engines. First, an active controller using closed-coupled valve as actuator has been analyzed using numerical simulation. Analysis results showed that the stability of the controller is affected by system states under large B-parameter of compression system and need a larger control gain besides. Second, using closed-coupled valve and throttle as actuators simultaneously, a novel active control strategy has been proposed. Throttle feedback control is used to decrease the nominal B-parameter of compression system to improve control performance of closed-coupled valve controller. Lastly, numerical simulation has been carried out to evaluate the proposed control strategy. Simulation results showed that the novel controller extends the stable operation range of compression system greatly.
New pulse modulator with low switching frequency
Authors: Golub V. S.
Published: January 2015

The author presents an integrating pulse modulator (analog signal converter) with the pulse frequency and duration modulation similar to sigma-delta modulation (with low switching frequency), without quantization. The modulator is characterized by the absence of the quantization noise inherent in sigma-delta modulator, and a low switching frequency, unlike the pulse-frequency modulator. The modulator is recommended, in particular, to convert signals at the input of the class D power amplifier.
Elements of solid state electronics based on soi-structures and si whiskers for cryogenic temperatures
Authors: Druzhinin A. A. , Osrovskkii I. P. , Khoverko Yu. M. , Koretskyy R. N.
Published: January 2015

The paper presents the study results of electrical properties of polycrystalline silicon films in silicon-on-insulator structures and Si whiskers in the temperature range of 4,2—70 K obtained by impedance measurements in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 250 kHz and the possibility of their use in solid-state electronics, functioning at cryogenic temperatures. Characteristics of samples obtained with impedance measurements allow to predict certain specifications of reactive elements of solid state electronics based on polycrystalline and single crystalline silicon, operable at low temperatures. Using the established dependencies, separate elements in the form of solid-state electronics capacitive and inductive elements as well as a combined system in an oscillatory circuit, operable at cryogenic temperatures, have been suggested. The features of developed system depend on the structure of samples and their doping level, which allows to change the required parameters of the elements of solid state electronics in a wide range.
Increasing the radiation resistance of single-crystal silicon epitaxial layers
Authors: Kurmashev Sh. D. , Kulinich O. A. , Brusenskaya G. I. , Verem’eva A. V.
Published: January 2015

The authors investigate the possibility of increasing the radiation resistance of silicon epitaxial layers by creating radiation defects sinks in the form of dislocation networks of the density of 109—1012 m–2. Such networks are created before the epitaxial layer is applied on the front surface of the silicon substrate by its preliminary oxidation and subsequent etching of the oxide layer. The substrates were silicon wafers KEF-4.5 and KDB-10 with a diameter of about 40 mm, grown by the Czochralski method. Irradiation of the samples was carried out using electron linear accelerator "Electronics" (ЭЛУ-4). Energy of the particles was 2,3—3,0 MeV, radiation dose 1015—1020 m–2, electron beam current 2 mA/m2. It is shown that in structures containing dislocation networks, irradiation results in reduction of the reverse currents by 5—8 times and of the density of defects by 5—10 times, while the mobility of the charge carriers is increased by 1,2 times. Wafer yield for operation under radiation exposure, when the semiconductor structures are formed in the optimal mode, is increased by 7—10% compared to the structures without dislocation networks. The results obtained can be used in manufacturing technology for radiation-resistant integrated circuits (bipolar, CMOS, BiCMOS, etc.).
The influence of íf discharge parameters and heater settings on the substrate temperature in the plasma-chemical reactor «almaz» for the synthesis of diamond-like carbon films
Authors: Hladkovskiy V. V. , Kostin E. G. , Polozov B. P. , Fedorovich O. A. , Petriakov V. A.
Published: January 2015

The paper presents the research results on the device for obtaining diamond-like films from gas phase, constructed and tested in the Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences. The device is based on a high-frequency (HF) discharge (13,56 MHz) into controlled crossed magnetic and electric fields. The discharge is excited in H2+CH4 or H2+CH4+Ar mixtures in different proportions. Working pressure in the chamber is 10–1—10–2 Torr. From the obtained results, the authors determine the time period for establishing of equilibrium substrate temperature at different HF discharge and main heater parameters. HF discharges, in the conditions of this study, at substrate temperatures above 600°C have virtually no influence on the temperature rise of the substrate. In addition, a new heater is proposed in order to increase the attainable temperature and reduce the time for establishing the equilibrium substrate temperature. A fehral heater can not heat the substrate to temperatures above 650°C. A molybdenum wire as a material of the heater can ensure the substrate holder temperature above 1000°C in a hydrogen atmosphere, but it has a short lifespan of a few months at the maximum temperature under daily use.
Left ventricular ejection fraction assessment by non-cardiologists from transverse views using a simplified wall motion score index
Authors: Lebeau Real , Sas Georgetta , El Rayes Malak , Serban Alexandrina , Moustafa Sherif , Essadiqi Btissama , DiLorenzo Maria , Souliere Vicky , Beaulieu Yanick , Sauve Claude , Amyot Robert , Serri Karim
Published: January 2015

For the non-cardiologist emergency physician and intensivist, performing an accurate estimation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is essential for the management of critically ill patients, such as patients presenting with shock, severe respiratory distress or chest pain. Our objective was to develop a semi-quantitative method to improve visual LVEF evaluation. A group of 12 sets of transthoracic echocardiograms with LVEF in the range of 18–64% were interpreted by 17 experienced observers (PRO) and 103 untrained observers or novices (NOV), without previous training in echocardiography. They were asked to assess LVEF by two different methods: i) visual estimation (VIS) by analysing the three classical left ventricle (LV) short-axis views (basal, midventricular and apical short-axis LV section) and ii) semi-quantitative evaluation (base, mid and apex (BMA)) of the same three short-axis views. The results for each of these two methods for both groups (PRO and NOV) were compared with LVEF obtained by radionuclide angiography. The semi-quantitative method (BMA) improved estimation of LVEF by PRO for moderate LV dysfunction (LVEF 30–49%) and normal LVEF. The visual estimate was better for lower LVEF (<30%). In the NOV group, the semi-quantitative method was better than than the visual one in the normal group and in half of the subjects in the moderate LV dysfunction (LVEF 30–49%) group. The visual estimate was better for the lower LVEF (ejection fraction <30%) group. In conclusion, semi-quantitative evaluation of LVEF gives an overall better assessment than VIS for PRO and untrained observers.
Androgen receptor in human endothelial cells
Authors: Torres-Estay Verónica , Carreño Daniela V , San Francisco Ignacio F , Sotomayor Paula , Godoy Alejandro S , Smith Gary J
Published: January 2015

Androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-inducible transcription factor, and a member of the steroid-thyroid-retinoid receptor superfamily, that mediates the biological effects of androgens in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. AR expression was identified in vascular cells nearly 20 years ago, and recent research has shown that AR mediates a variety of actions of androgens in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. In this mini-review, we review evidence indicating the importance of AR in human endothelial cell (HUVEC) homeostatic and pathogenic processes. Although a role for AR in the modulation of HUVEC biology is evident, the molecular mechanisms by which AR regulates HUVEC homeostasis and disease processes are not fully understood. Understanding these mechanisms could provide critical insights into the processes of pathogenesis of diseases ranging from cardiovascular disease to cancer that are major causes of human morbidity and mortality.
Cultural Conflict Related to Ankara’s Housing Problem
Authors: Nazan Kirci
Published: January 2015

This study assesses reflections of the structure of culture that is in search of integrity in the architectural and urban context and follows a number of examples from Ankara in doing so. Ankara’s nomination as the capital of the country was an effort at modernization of Anatolia. Apparently slum areas in Ankara commenced during the modernization process. Contrary to hybridization effects of postmodern globalization, the gap among socio-cultural levels in Turkey is enlarged and has caused deterioration affecting architectural unity. The solution of this problems continue to be urban transformation of slum areas within removal projects or to conceal the disreputable appearance of houses. As a result of interaction between different social groups, individual needs and desires of slum dwellers have changed. Since they are belong to neither rural nor urban culture, the aspiration of low-income groups to become part of the consumption society need to be examined through interdisciplinary studies and appropriate solutions in architecture developed accordingly.
Carbonization Kinetics of Various Biomass Sources
Authors: Didem Özcimen  , Ayşegül Ersoy-Mericboyu
Published: January 2015

Hazelnut shell, apricot stone, grapeseed and chestnut shell samples were carbonized in a thermogravimetric (TG) analyzer at different conditions to determine the carbonization kinetic parameters. Three different calculation methods and 22 different model equations concerning solid-state rate controlling mechanisms were used for the kinetic analysis of the carbonization TG curves. A computer program in BASIC which enables regression analysis, was used to calculate the kinetic parameters from experimental TG data. It was observed that the different values of Arrhenius parameters (E and Log A) were obtained depending on the method of calculation, the gaseous atmosphere and the sample properties. The most appropriate kinetic model which represents the carbonization of the cellulosic and lignin ingredients of the biomass samples were found as f(α)=(1−α)2 and f(α)=0.5·(1−α)·[−ln(1−α)]−1, respectively.
Options of non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis based on the clinical data
Authors: Egresi Anna , Lengyel Gabriella , Hagymási Krisztina
Published: January 2015

Liver cirrhosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Liver biopsy is considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis of chronic liver diseases. Studies have focused on non-invasive markers for liver fibrosis because of the dangers and complications of liver biopsy. The authors review the non-invasive direct as well as indirect methods for liver fibrosis assessment and present the positive and negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity of those. Clinical utilities of transient elastography (Fibrsocan) is also reviewed. Non-invasive methods are useful in the assessment of liver fibrosis, monitoring disease progression and therapeutic response. Their accuracy can be increased by the combined or sequential use of non-invasive markers. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(2), 43–52.
CORRELATION OF DEMERIT POINT SCORE (DPS) AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS ON QUALITY OF FRESH ESTUARY GROUPER (Epinephelus tauvina) DURING STORAGE IN ICE
Authors: Ariyani Farida , Yenni Yusma , Riyanto Rudi
Published: January 2015

Quality changes of fresh estuary grouper (Epinephelus tauvina) fish kept in ice was evaluated for sensory and chemical parameters during 21 days of storage. Fish was killed by  immersing in ice water (hypothermia). Fresh fish was placed in insulated boxes, and covered with ice flake. The ratio of ice and fish was 2:1 (w/w) and the boxes were kept at ambient temperature.  Evaluation was conducted every 3 days for sensory characteristics by Demerit Point Score /DPS for appearance, eyes, gills, belly, vent, and belly cavity. Moreover, Total Volatile Base/TVB, Trimethyl Amine/TMA , and the K value were measured until fish was rejected by panelists. The results showed that estuary grouper fish stored in ice was rejected by panelists on 21 days of storage with TVB value of 29.43 mgN%, TMA value of 22.10mgN% and K value of 40.54% (max level of 60%). Related to correlation between sensory and chemical parameters, it showed that Demerit Point Score correlated well with TVB, TMA and K value.
Cotesia flavipes (CAM) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Supresses Immune Responses In Diatraea flavipennella (BOX) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: PASSOS ELIANA M. DOS , WANDERLEY-TEIXEIRA VALÉRIA , MARQUES EDMILSON J. , TEIXEIRA ÁLVARO A.C. , BRAYNER FÁBIO A.
Published: January 2015

The present research aimed to elucidate which aspects of immune responses in Diatraea flavipennella are suppressed by the parasitoid Cotesia flavipes, thus, ensuring parasitism success. We investigated the presence of apoptosis in fat body cells through the TUNEL technique. According to the results, reduced levels of nitric oxide and phenoloxidase activity were observed in larvae parasitized for three days, and reduced total number of hemocytes, after three and seven days. An increase in plasmatocytes and decrease in spherulocytes numbers were observed in the differential count on the third day of parasitism. The number of melanized microspheres in parasitized larvae was low and indicated less intense melanization. The ultrastructural analysis confirmed the immunosuppressive effect of C. flavipes on the encapsulation response of D. flavipennella because only the formation of hemocytes capsules, adhered to the microspheres' surface, was evidenced in non-parasitized caterpillars. The effect of parasitism was also recorded on the third day with the presence of hemocytes and apoptosis in fat body cells, including aspects of degeneration in the latter. We concluded that C. flavipes suppresses cellular and humoral immunological responses in D. flavipennella and drastically affects the host's fat tissue.
Ultra-low temperature conservation of Brazilian Pine embryogenic cultures
Authors: DEMARCHI GRASIELA , STEFENON VALDIR M. , STEINER NEUSA , VIEIRA FELIPE N. , VESCO LIRIO L. DAL , GUERRA MIGUEL P.
Published: January 2015

This study aimed to establish a cryopreservation protocol for embryogenic cultures of A. angustifolia, enabling the ex situ conservation of the species. Embryogenic cultures were established from immature seeds and treated with variations of the cryoprotectant solutions SuDG, SoD and PVS2 prior to immersion in liquid nitrogen. Cell viability was evaluated after 30, 60 and 90 days of re-growth. The highest re-growth without morphological alterations and with normal biochemical composition was obtained with the PVS2 solution with 40 min immersion in ethanol (-20 °C). This procedure opens new horizons for the ex situ conservation of the species genetic.
The population structure of two sympatric hermit-crab species on a subtidal rocky shore of an island in southeastern Brazil
Authors: LIMA DANIEL J.M. , COBO VALTER J. , AQUINO MARIANA A.B. DE , FRANSOZO ADILSON
Published: January 2015

The main goal of this investigation was to characterize the population structure and shell occupancy of two sympatric hermit-crab species, Pagurus brevidactylus and Paguristes tortugae. The study was undertaken at Couves Island on the southeastern coast of Brazil, from March 2010 through February 2011, on subtidal rocky bottoms. Specimens were collected by SCUBA diving sessions. A total of 195 individuals of P. brevidactylus and 132 of P. tortugae were examined. Both populations showed unimodal size-frequency distributions, which were non-normal for P. brevidactylus and normal for P. tortugae. The median size of P. brevidactylus was significantly smaller than P. tortugae; in both species, males were significantly larger than females. For both, juveniles and ovigerous females were recorded in all size classes and in almost the entire sampling period. No significant departures from the 1:1 sex ratio were detected, although some size classes were skewed. Overlaps in shell occupation were recorded. Pagurus brevidactylus and P. tortugae showed similar population features; they reached sexual maturity at small sizes, and the nearly year-round presence of young and ovigerous females suggests continuous reproduction. These inter-specific interactions involving resource partitioning suggest a regulatory process that is probably part of the equilibrium strategy of these populations.
Mapping of sites in forest stands
Authors: NETTO SYLVIO PÉLLICO , STEFANELLO FLAVIO R. , PELISSARI ALLAN L. , DAVID HASSAN C.
Published: January 2015

Generally, the forest companies use the total one year planting area as a minimum stratum of the total population and, consequently, the forest inventory processing has been conducted by applying the stratified random sampling to it. This study was carried out in the National Forest of Tres Barras, Brazil, and it aimed to classify and map the sites of Pinus elliottii stands. A systematic sampling was structured into clusters and applied independently by compartments. The clusters, in maltese cross, were composed of four sampling subunits, using Prodan sampling method with a fixed number of six trees. By analysis of the methodology it was possible to confirm the hypothesis: a) the selective thinning cause expressive increase of volumetric variability within compartments; b) the variation of sites within the compartments causes volumetric expansion of variance and this grows proportionally to the quality of the sites; c) the stratification in sites results in minimum variance within them; d) the stratification in sites resulted in until to 91% reduction of variances within them.
Karyotype characterization and nuclear DNA content measurement in Bromeliaceae: State of the art and future perspectives
Authors: NUNES ANDREI C.P. , CLARINDO WELLINGTON R.
Published: January 2015

In Bromeliaceae, cytogenetic and flow cytometry analyses have been performed to clarify systematic and evolutionary aspects. Karyotyping approaches have shown the relatively high chromosome number, similar morphology and small size of the chromosomes. These facts have prevented a correct chromosome counting and characterization. Authors have established a basic chromosome number of x = 25 for Bromeliaceae. Recently, one karyomorphological analysis revealed that x = 25 is no longer the basic chromosome number, whose genome may have a polyploid origin. Besides cytogenetic characterization, the 2C DNA content of bromeliads has been measured. Nuclear DNA content has varied from 2C = 0.60 to 2C = 3.34 picograms. Thus, in relation to most angiosperms, the 2C DNA content of Bromeliaceae species as well as their chromosome size can be considered relatively small. In spite of some advances, cytogenetic and flow cytometry data are extremely scarce in this group. In this context, this review reports the state of the art in karyotype characterization and nuclear DNA content measurement in Bromeliaceae, emphasizing the main problems and suggesting prospective solutions and ideas for future research.
Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson e Necrólise Epidérmica Tóxica em um hospital do Distrito Federal
Authors: Emerick Mariane Ferreira Barbosa , Rodrigues Mayra Martins Toledo , Pedrosa Daniella Melo Arnaud Sampaio , Novaes Maria Rita Carvalho Garbi , Gottems Leila Bernarda Donato
Published: January 2015

Objetivou-se analisar as características demográficas e clínicas dos clientes diagnosticados com Síndrome de Stevens Johnson (SSJ) e Necrólise Epidérmica Tóxica (NET), bem como identificar as ações dos profissionais de saúde para o manejo das Reações Adversas a Medicamentos (RAM) em um hospital público do Distrito Federal. Pesquisa descritiva, retrospectiva, com abordagem quantitativa. Dados coletados em todos os prontuários de 22 clientes internados de janeiro de 2005 a setembro de 2012. Análise mediante estatística descritiva. Houve aumento gradativo de casos, com maior número nos anos de 2007 e 2012. Dos casos analisados, 9 foram diagnosticados com NET e 7 com SSJ; predominaram as mulheres (14) e a faixa etária de 21 aos 40 anos (10); 21 obtiveram cura. Os fármacos associados a RAM mais frequentes foram os antiepilépticos (10). Observou-se fragilidade nos registros clínicos nos prontuários e nas ações de monitoramento de RAM no serviço estudado.
Identidade do homem resiliente no contexto de adoecer por câncer de próstata: uma perspectiva cultural
Authors: Pinto Bruna Knob , Muniz Rosani Manfrin , Schwartz Eda , Budó Maria de Lourdes Denardin , Lange Rita Maria HeckI, Celmira
Published: January 2015

O estudo objetivou conhecer o contexto do homem resiliente ao adoecer por câncer de próstata. Trata-se de um estudo de caso etnográfico realizado com dois homens sobreviventes ao câncer de próstata, com alto grau de resiliência. Os dados foram coletados no domicílio, no período de abril e maio de 2012, por meio da entrevista semiestruturada em profundidade, de observação participante e do ecomapa. Pela análise dos dados construíram-se duas unidades de sentido: "Identidade do homem resiliente: contextualizando os informantes" e "O homem resiliente descobrindo-se doente". Apreende-se que a identidade de ser homem resiliente, para estes informantes, foi marcada pela diferença histórica e cultural que permeou as suas ações, no processo de adoecimento por câncer de próstata. Considera-se importante que os enfermeiros atentem para os aspectos culturais da saúde do homem, para que este possa sentir-se parte integrante do processo de cura, tornando-se sujeito ativo frente à própria saúde.
Percepção de enfermeiros sobre o uso do computador no trabalho
Authors: Matsuda Laura Misue , Higarashi Ieda Harumi , Évora Yolanda Dora Martinez , Bernardes Andréa
Published: January 2015

Estudo que teve como objetivo apreender a percepção de enfermeiros sobre o uso do computador no ambiente de trabalho hospitalar. Participaram 14 enfermeiros de um hospital público. A coleta de dados realizou-se por meio de entrevista gravada e Diário de Campo. Os dados foram analisados de acordo com a técnica Análise de Conteúdo. Das entrevistas emergiram seis categorias temáticas abordando aspectos positivos tais como: rapidez, legibilidade e exatidão das informações; maior segurança do paciente e melhorias na qualidade do cuidado. Dentre os aspectos negativos se destacaram a conduta de copiar e colar as Prescrições Médicas e de Enfermagem; falta de computadores e distanciamento do enfermeiro do paciente. Apesar das fragilidades relatadas, os enfermeiros manifestaram-se favoráveis ao uso da tecnologia computacional no trabalho e indicaramna como recurso indispensável à qualidade do cuidado.
Aplicação de um protocolo de espectroscopia por ressonância magnética das adrenais: experiência com mais de 100 casos
Authors: Melo Homero José de Farias e , Goldman Suzan M. , Szejnfeld Jacob , Faria Juliano F. , Huayllas Martha K. P. , Andreoni Cássio , Kater Cláudio E.
Published: January 2015

Objetivo: Avaliar um protocolo de espectroscopia por ressonância magnética (ERM) do próton de hidrogênio (1H) bidimensional (2D) disponível comercialmente (Siemens Medical Systems; Erlangen, Alemanha), aplicado para nódulos adrenais e diferenciação das massas (adenomas, feocromocitomas, carcinomas e metástases). Materiais e Métodos: Um total de 118 pacientes (36 homens e 82 mulheres), apresentando-se com 138 nódulos/massas adrenais, foi avaliado prospectivamente (média de idade: 57,3 ± 13,3 anos). Uma sequência de ERM-1H-PRESS-CSI (espectroscopia por resolução de ponto-imagem por desvio químico) multivoxel foi utilizada. Análise espectroscópica foi realizada da esquerda-direita, sentido crânio-caudal, usando três sequências sagitais, além de sequências axiais e coronais T2-HASTE. Os seguintes índices foram calculados: colina (Cho)/creatina (Cr), 4,0–4,3 ppm/Cr, lipídio (Lip)/Cr, Cho/Lip e lactato (Lac)/Cr. Resultados: ERM-1H-2D foi bem sucedida em 123 (89,13%) lesões. Os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade encontrados para as proporções e pontos de corte avaliados foram: Cho/Cr ≥ 1,2, sensibilidade de 100% e especificidade de 98,2% (diferenciação de adenomas e carcinomas de feocromocitomas e metástases); 4,0–4,3 ppm/Cr ≥ 1,5, 92,3% de sensibilidade, especificidade de 96,9% (diferenciação de carcinomas e feocromocitomas de adenomas e metástases); Lac/Cr ≤ –7,449, sensibilidade de 90,9% e especificidade de 77,8% (diferenciação de feocromocitomas contra carcinomas e adenomas). Conclusão: Os dados da ERM-1H-2D foram eficazes e permitiram a diferenciação entre massas adrenais e nódulos na maioria das lesões com diâmetro > 1,0 cm.
Dosimetria e avaliação da qualidade da imagem em um sistema de radiografia direta
Authors: Oliveira Bruno Beraldo , Oliveira Marcio Alves de , Paixão Lucas , Teixeira Maria Helena Araújo , Nogueira Maria do Socorro
Published: January 2015

Objetivo: Avaliar a dose glandular média utilizando um detector de estado sólido e a qualidade da imagem de um sistema de radiografia direta a partir de objetos simuladores. Materiais e Métodos: Irradiações foram realizadas utilizando o controle automático de exposição e placas de polimetilmetacrilato com diferentes espessuras para o cálculo da dose glandular média. A qualidade da imagem foi avaliada por meio das estruturas visualizadas nas imagens dos objetos simuladores. Resultados: Considerando a incerteza das medições, os resultados de dose glandular média estão de acordo com os valores fornecidos pelo equipamento e com os níveis de referência adotados internacionalmente. Os resultados obtidos a partir das imagens dos objetos simuladores estavam em conformidade com os valores de referência. Conclusão: Este trabalho contribui para verificar a conformidade do equipamento em relação a dose e qualidade da imagem.
Identificação de espécies de Colletotrichum associados à antracnose em plantas de atemóia e colonização do fungo nos frutos
Authors: Firmino Ana Carolina , Tozze Junior Hugo José , Tamelini Bruno Rocha , Nosaki Denise Nakada , Furtado Edson Luiz
Published: January 2015

A atemóia é um híbrido Annona cherimola com A. squamosa. A antracnose, causada por Colletotrichum sp., é uma importante doença da atemóia, causando danos em diferentes órgãos da planta, destacando àqueles causados nos frutos, tanto na pré como na pós-colheita. Diante deste problema, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a identificação de espécies de Colletotrichum associados à antracnose em plantas de atemóia através do seqüenciamento de diferentes regiões do DNA deste fungo e acompanhar as etapas de colonização de frutos de atemóia por este fungo através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Após extração de DNA, foi realizado o seqüenciamento dos genes da β-tubulina e α-elongase e da região do ITS-5.8S rDNA do DNA dos fungos. Das 15 amostras sequenciadas seis foram identificadas como Colletotrichum acutatum e as outras foram identificadas como C. boninense. A espécie C. acutatum foi encontrada somente em amostras obtidas de folhas de atemóia, enquanto que a espécies C. boninense foi identificada de amostras obtidas de frutos, ramos e folhas doentes. Todas as etapas da doença ocorreram nas 48 horas, sendo que foi observada a germinação dos esporos entre duas e quatro horas após a inoculação
Doenças da vinagreira no Estado do Maranhão
Authors: Silva Gilson Soares da , Rêgo Adriano Soares , Leite Raycenne Rosa
Published: January 2015

Neste trabalho, são descritas as principais doenças da vinagreira (Hibiscus sabdariffa) que ocorrem no Estado do Maranhão. Os patógenos identificados foram Cercospora malayensis, Corynespora cassiicola, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Meloidogyne incognita, Phytophthora nicotianae e Sclerotium rolfsii.
Heterose para resistência a mancha-de-phoma em híbridos de mamoeiro obtidos a partir de cruzamentos entre e dentro de grupos heteróticos
Authors: Vivas Marcelo , Silveira Silvaldo Felipe da , Cardoso Deisy Lúcia , Amaral Júnior Antonio Teixeira do , Pereira Messias Gonzaga
Published: January 2015

A hibridação é uma estratégia eficiente de se obter ganhos genéticos seletivos visando ao controle de doenças em plantas. Na cultura do mamoeiro, trabalhos comprovam que a resistência genética a mancha-de-phoma pode ser incrementada via hibridação, entretanto, há necessidade de estudo sobre a manifestação da heterose em híbridos provenientes de cruzamentos de genitores entre e dentro de grupo heterótico. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar híbridos de mamoeiro provenientes de cruzamentos em dialelo completo, envolvendo oito genitores elite, sendo quatro do grupo heterótico 'Solo' e quatro do grupo 'Formosa'. O experimento foi conduzido em lavoura comercial, segundo delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e quantificou-se em duas épocas, março e maio de 2010, a severidade da mancha-de-phoma na folha, com auxílio de escala diagramática. Com a média de cada tratamento foi estimada a heterose e heterobeltiose. Os híbridos 'Waimanalo x Golden', 'Golden x Maradol', 'Golden x Waimanalo', 'Golden x Sunrise Solo 72/12', 'Golden x São Mateus', 'Sunrise Solo 72/12 x Waimanalo', 'Sunrise Solo 72/12 x Golden' foram os que mais se destacaram, com estimativas negativas de heterose e heterobeliose para redução da severidade da doença, nas duas épocas de avaliação. Vislumbrou-se a seleção de híbridos provenientes tanto de cruzamentos dentro do grupo 'Solo' quanto entre grupos heteróticos ('Solo' x 'Formosa'), visando o controle genético da mancha-de-phoma em mamoeiro.
Recolonization of Mutans Streptococci after Application of Chlorhexidine Gel
Authors: Vale Glauber Campos , Cury Altair Antoninha Del Bel , Arthur Rodrigo Alex , Cury Jaime Aparecido , Tabchoury Cínthia Pereira Machado
Published: January 2015

Streptococcus mutans is specifically suppressed by intensive treatment with chlorhexidine gel, but the time for recolonization and the effect on other oral bacteria are not totally clear. In this study, recolonization of mutans streptococci was evaluated in nine healthy adult volunteers, who were highly colonized with this microorganism. Stimulated saliva was collected before (baseline) and at 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application of 1% chlorhexidine gel on volunteers' teeth for two consecutive days. On each day, the gel was applied using disposable trays for 3 x 5 min with intervals of 5 min between each application. Saliva was plated on blood agar to determine total microorganisms (TM); on mitis salivarius agar to determine total streptococci (TS) and on mitis salivarius agar plus bacitracin to determine mutans streptococci (MS). Chlorhexidine was capable of reducing the counts of MS and the proportion of MS with regard to total microorganisms (%MS/TM) (p<0.05), but these values did not differ statistically from baseline (p>0.05) after 14 days for MS and 21 days for %MS/TM. The counts of TM and TS and the proportion of MS to total streptococci did not differ statistically from baseline (p>0.05) after chlorhexidine treatment. The results suggest that the effect of chlorhexidine gel treatment on suppression of mutans streptococci is limited to less than a month in highly colonized individuals.
Obturation Over an S1 ProTaper Instrument Fragment in a Mandibular Molar with Three Years of Follow-up
Authors: Brito-Júnior Manoel , Silva-Sousa Yara Teresinha Correa , Bruniera João Felipe Bonatto , Camilo Carla Cristina , Faria-e-Silva André Luis , Saquy Paulo César
Published: January 2015

This case report describes root canal filling performed over a large S1 ProTaper file fragment in a second mandibular molar with irreversible pulpitis. An S1 ProTaper file was fractured during the instrumentation of the mesiobuccal canal. Approximately 10 mm of file fragment remained in the apical and middle thirds of the canal. The obturation was performed over this fragment using thermomechanically compacted gutta-percha and sealer. Radiographic findings and the absence of clinical signs and symptoms at 3-year follow up indicated successful treatment. Cone-beam computed tomography images revealed absence of periapical lesion and details of intracanal file fragment related to root fillings and apex morphology. In this case, the presence of a large intracanal fractured instrument did not have a negative impact on the endodontic prognosis during the follow up evaluation period.
Monitoring Nonsurgical and Surgical Root Canal Treatment of Teeth with Primary and Secondary Infections
Authors: Estrela Carlos , Silva Júlio Almeida , Decurcio Daniel Almeida , Alencar Ana Helena G , Estrela Cyntia RA , Faitaroni Luiz Augusto , Batista Aline Carvalho
Published: January 2015

The aim of this study was to monitor nonsurgical and surgical root canal treatment (RCT) of teeth with primary and secondary infections and apical periodontitis (AP). This prospective clinical study comprised the treatment of 80 patients with primary and persistent secondary infections and AP. Of this initial sample, forty patients did not return. Periapical index using cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCTPAI) was used to aid diagnosis, planning and to determine the better therapeutic strategy. Twenty patients (26 teeth) diagnosed with primary infection and AP received conventional RCT and were followed up for 10 to 36 months. Twenty patients (31 teeth) diagnosed with persistent secondary infection were submitted to periapical surgical and followed up for 6 to 30 months. The results showed RCT successful in 19/26 cases with complete AP healing (5/26 with partial repair) in 10-36 months of follow up. For the surgically managed cases, effectiveness of surgical therapy was detected in 10/31 cases with complete healing (10/31 cases with partial repair) within 6-30 months follow up. The return of patients for clinical and radiographic follow-up, and obedience to the proposed time period was very short from ideal. The levels of success in both therapeutic protocols were high. RCT failures were detected even with rigorous standard clinical protocols.
Fenologia reprodutiva da pitaya vermelha em Jaboticabal, SP
Authors: Silva Adriana de Castro Correia da , Cavallari Ludmilla de Lima , Sabião Rafael Roveri , Martins Antonio Baldo Geraldo
Published: January 2015

Por ser uma cultura de cultivo recente no país, a pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) ainda carece de estudos, de forma a dar suporte aos produtores. Nesse sentido, o trabalho foi desenvolvido visando a caracterizar a fenologia reprodutiva da cultura na região de Jaboticabal - SP. Avaliou-se clone de pitaya conduzido sob duas colorações de tela plástica, branca e preta, ambas com 50% de sombreamento, durante março de 2009 a dezembro de 2010. Observou-se que a emissão de gemas florais tem início no mês de novembro, com emissão constante até o mês de março, enquanto que o florescimento ocorre até meados de abril, sendo que as altas temperaturas associadas ao início da estação chuvosa são fatores fundamentais para a emissão das gemas reprodutivas. A coloração da tela plástica influenciou no total de flores. O tempo compreendido desde a emissão das gemas até a antese é de 18 a 23 dias, enquanto, da antese à colheita é de 34 a 43 dias. O tempo total entre o aparecimento do botão floral até a colheita pode levar de 52 a 66 dias
Aloenxerto ósseo cortical desvitalizado com nitrogênio líquido - estudo experimental em ovelhas
Authors: Albuquerque Paulo Barros de , Barni Brunna de Souza , Silva Renato Barbosa , Pinto Thadeu Mourão , Gianotti Giordano Cabral , Moura Lanucha Fidelis da Luz , Boss Mariana Zacouteguy , Alievi Marcelo Meller
Published: January 2015

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a taxa e a forma de incorporação do aloenxerto ósseo cortical, submetido ao congelamento em nitrogênio líquido e inserido em tíbias de ovelhas. Foram utilizadas seis ovelhas clinicamente sadias que, aos pares, foram simultaneamente submetidas à ostectomia da diáfise tibial para a retirada de um segmento de 7cm que, após a desvitalização em nitrogênio líquido, foi implantado imediatamente no outro paciente e fixado com placa de compressão dinâmica (PCD) e parafusos corticais. Realizaram-se avaliações clínicas e radiográficas, imediatamente e a cada 30 dias, até o 180º dia de pós-operatório. Aos 180 dias, foi realizada eutanásia e coletou-se a tíbia direita para avaliação histopatológica. Aos 60 dias de pós-operatório, foi observado o uso funcional do membro operado, sendo a união radiográfica das interfaces proximal e distal verificadas, em média, aos 95 dias. Com isso, pôde-se concluir que o nitrogênio líquido é um método adequado de desvitalização de aloimplantes ósseos corticais de ovelhas, proporcionando altas taxas de incorporação óssea, em média, aos 95 dias de pós-operatório.
Quedas: conceitos, frequências e aplicações à assistência ao idoso. Revisão da literatura
Authors: Falsarella Gláucia Regina , Gasparotto Lívia Pimenta Renó , Coimbra Arlete Maria Valente
Published: January 2015

Realizou-se revisão da literatura sobre quedas em idosos de comunidade, identificando prevalência, fatores de risco e consequências associadas ao cair, bem como triagem, avaliação e medidas preventivas às quedas na velhice. Foram selecionadas publicações indexadas nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis e Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), por meio do PubMed; Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), relativas ao período de 2008 a 2012, sendo analisadas 41 referências. As evidências levantadas neste estudo destacam as quedas como condição de grande complexidade e que impõe grande desafio para idosos e profissionais da saúde. Ressalta-se a importância da identificação e do manejo dos fatores determinantes e das consequências associadas ao cair, juntamente com o delineamento de estratégias preventivas multifatoriais frente aos idosos vulneráveis ao cair e entre os idosos com história de quedas recorrentes.
Relação entre a competência funcional da memória episódica e os fatores associados à independência funcional de idosos saudáveis
Authors: Barroso Ralf Braga , Amaral Thamara Cunha Nascimento , Delgado Francisco Eduardo Fonseca , Mármora Cláudia Helena Cerqueira
Published: January 2015

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a relação entre competência funcional da memória episódica e fatores associados à independência de idosos saudáveis do município de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo transversal, descritivo e exploratório em que 60 idosos saudáveis compuseram a amostra final. Para avaliar a capacidade funcional, foram utilizadas as escalas de Katz e de Lawton & Brody. A memória episódica foi avaliada utilizando-se teste de West & Thorn, validado e adaptado para a população brasileira por Yassuda, Lasca e Neri em 2005. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do software estatístico Sphinx Léxica e Eureka, versão 5.0. RESULTADOS: Foi encontrada associação estatisticamente significante entre escolaridade e desempenho em tarefa de memória episódica e entre esta e três itens da escala de avaliação das atividades instrumentais de vida diária, embora inconclusiva. CONCLUSÕES: Acredita-se que esses resultados se devam ao fato de existir muitas diferenças entre os estudos com relação à metodologia empregada e a escolha dos instrumentos que avaliam tanto a memória episódica, quanto a capacidade funcional de idosos. Além disso, a hipótese de que no envelhecimento saudável existe uma capacidade de, frente às perdas graduais na memória episódica, compensá-las utilizando outras estratégias e recursos, deve receber atenção de futuras pesquisas.
Análise comparativa da qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos envolvidos com a prática regular de atividade física
Authors: Sonati Jaqueline Girnos , Vilarta Roberto , Maciel Érika da Silva , Modeneze Dênis Marcelo , Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros , Lazari Vanessa Oliveira , Muciacito Bianca
Published: January 2015

OBJETIVO: Identificar diferenças na qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos, ambos praticantes de atividade física. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 117 sujeitos praticantes de atividade física, com idade entre 40 e 80 anos. Para a caracterização da amostra, foram analisadas as variáveis idade, sexo, renda familiar e escolaridade. Para a comparação entre os grupos de adultos e idosos, foram analisadas as variáveis peso, estatura, índice de massa corporal, domínios e facetas da qualidade de vida (Whoqol-Bref). O teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov foi aplicado para análise da normalidade e o teste de Mann-Whitney, para a comparação de medidas contínuas ou ordenáveis entre dois grupos independentes; adotou-se valor de p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas diferenças significantes para os domínios psicológico, relações sociais e qualidade de vida geral, sendo que os idosos apresentaram os maiores valores médios. CONCLUSÃO: Idosos ativos, comparados aos adultos ativos, percebem melhor qualidade de vida nos aspectos da vida ativa, do desempenho das atividades da vida diária, da aceitação da aparência física, satisfação financeira e disponibilidade de tempo para as atividades de lazer.