bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reduced serotonergic transmission alters sensitivity to cost and reward via 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors in monkeys
Authors: Hori Yukiko , Mimura Koki , Nagai Yuji , Hori Yuki , Kumata Katsushi , Zhang Ming-Rong , Suhara Tetsuya , Higuchi Makoto , Minamimoto Takafumi
Published: January 2024

Serotonin (5-HT) deficiency is a core biological pathology underlying depression and other psychiatric disorders whose key symptoms include decreased motivation. However, the exact role of 5-HT in motivation remains controversial and elusive. Here, we pharmacologically manipulated the 5-HT system in macaque monkeys and quantified the effects on motivation for goal-directed actions in terms of incentives and costs. Reversible inhibition of 5-HT synthesis increased errors and reaction times on goal-directed tasks, indicating reduced motivation. Analysis found incentive-dependent and cost-dependent components of this reduction. To identify the receptor subtypes that mediate cost and incentive, we systemically administered antagonists specific to 4 major 5-HT receptor subtypes: 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT4. Positron emission tomography (PET) visualized the unique distribution of each subtype in limbic brain regions and determined the systemic dosage for antagonists that would achieve approximately 30% occupancy. Only blockade of 5-HT1A decreased motivation through changes in both expected cost and incentive; sensitivity to future workload and time delay to reward increased (cost) and reward value decreased (incentive). Blocking the 5-HT1B receptor also reduced motivation through decreased incentive, although it did not affect expected cost. These results suggest that 5-HT deficiency disrupts 2 processes, the subjective valuation of costs and rewards, via 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors, thus leading to reduced motivation.
Stochastic dynamical analysis for the complex infectious disease model driven by multisource noises
Authors: Jian Liqiong , Bai Xinyu , Ma Shaojuan
Published: January 2024

This paper mainly studies the dynamical behavior of the infectious disease model affected by white noise and Lévy noise. First, a stochastic model of infectious disease with secondary vaccination affected by noises is established. Besides, the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution for the stochastic model are proved based on stochastic differential equations and Lyapunov function, then the asymptotic behavior of the disease-free equilibrium point is studied. Moreover, the sufficient conditions for the extinction of the disease are obtained and the analysis showed that different noise intensity could affect the extinction of infectious disease on different degree. Finally, the theoretical results are verified by numerical simulation and some suggestions have been put forward on how to prevent the spread of diseases are presented.
Isolation of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) from Solanum nigrum L. berries and Their Effect on interleukin-6 expression as a potential anti-inflammatory agent
Authors: Emmanuela Natasya , Muhammad Daisy Ramadhani , Iriawati  , Wijaya Christofora Hanny , Ratnadewi Yuliana Maria Diah , Takemori Hiroshi , Ana Ika Dewi , Yuniati Ratna , Handayani Windri , Wungu Triati Dewi Kencana , Tabata Yasuhiko , Barlian Anggraini
Published: January 2024

Inflammation is a temporary response of the immune system that can be treated using common anti-inflammatory drugs. However, prolonged use of these drugs increases the risk of adverse side effects. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for alternative treatments for inflammation with fewer side effects. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by most eukaryotic cells and have been studied as a candidate for cell-free therapy for inflammatory diseases due to their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. In recent years, the focus of exosome research has shifted from animal cell-derived exosomes to plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs). Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) are easier to obtain, have minimal safety concerns, and can be produced in higher quantities and lower cost than exosomes derived from animal cells. In this study, the isolation and analysis of the anti-inflammatory potential of PDENs from black nightshade berries (Solanum nigrum L.) were carried out. The results of isolation and characterization showed that PDENs had a spherical morphology, measuring around 107 nm with zeta potential of -0.6 mV, and had a protein concentration of 275.38 μg/mL. PDENs were also shown to be internalized by RAW264.7 macrophage cell line after 2 hours of incubation and had no cytotoxicity effect up to the concentration of 2.5 μg/mL. Furthermore, exposure to several doses of PDENs to the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene IL-6, as well as the expression of IL-6 protein up to 97,28%. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of neral, a monoterpene compound with known anti-inflammatory properties, which may contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of PDENs isolated from Solanum nigrum L. berries. Taken together, the present study was the first to isolate and characterize PDENs from Solanum nigrum L. berries. The results of this study also demonstrated the anti-inflammatory activity of PDEN by suppressing the production of IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
Ancient Chinese Concepts of Understanding Law
Authors: Moiseeva Oksana , Rusanov Vitaly
Published: January 2024

The article studies political and legal thought in Ancient China. Ancient Chinese thinkers in their works reflected their approaches to understanding law. Shang Yang in "Shang jun shu" ("The Book of the Ruler of the Shang Region") considers the law as the only regulator of social relations. Legalists equate the concept of law and law, law is considered as a set of rules of conduct emanating from the state and protected by it, which corresponds to the normative concept of legal understanding.

Another version of legal understanding was developed by representatives of Taoism. Lao Tzu in his work “Tao Te Ching” (“The Book of the Way and Grace”) paid special attention to the exposition of his teaching about Tao as the highest law of the development of the universe, nature, society and man. Tao acts as a natural law of immediate, direct action. Taoists are supporters of the natural law concept. In Confucius' work "Lun Yu" ("Conversations and Judgments"), the main regulator of social relations is not the Tao or the law, but the norms of ritual li. The right is not reduced to the law, but is considered as a set of legal relations, and the legal order that develops on the basis of them. Legal understanding of Confucius can be attributed to the sociological concept.

In the work of Xun Tzu, there are attempts to bring together the Confucian rules of the ritual "li" and the Legalist law "fa". A new, orthodox Confucianism is emerging, which no longer completely denies the law, but advocates management both on the basis of li and on the basis of fa, with the dominant role of li. In China, a new type of legal understanding is emerging - integrative or synthetic.

The article concludes that within the framework of the political and legal thought of Ancient China, there were various approaches to understanding law. After the proclamation in II BC. updated Confucianism with the official ideology of China, the integrative type of legal understanding becomes dominant, both in theory and in law enforcement practice.
Factual Legal Responsibility: Formulation of the Problem
Authors: Sorokin Vitaly
Published: January 2024

The author of the article introduces the concept of "subjection of the letter of the law to the spirit of the law" and gives theoretical fundamentals of formalism in law. When jurisdiction is centered on formalism, law enforcers mechanically compare a legal situation to articles of laws and regulations. Subjection of the letter of the law to the spirit of the law presupposes law enforcers’ refusal from mechanical choice of norms which can be very formal concerning a particular case. A lawyer should keep in mind the purview of the law in regard to a particular case, as well as subjection of the letter of the law to the spirit of the law, and the binding force of the law.
Hierarchy in Law: Practical Approachh
Authors: Vasev Igor
Published: January 2024

Modern practical jurisprudence is faced with many difficulties caused by the inconsistency of the current legislation. The resolution of conflicts of norms of different legal force, collisions of general and special norms, temporal (temporary) collisions is an integral part of the law enforcer’s work. This problem is particularly topical in relation to the interference of legal norms of different legal force. A hierarchically arranged legal system presupposes internal coordination of legal acts. The classical principle of resolving conflicts between normative legal acts of different legal force is the rule of the priority of a norm of greater legal force. However, when Russia is concerned, the deceptive simplicity of this rule is complicated by the lack of a legal system of legal acts, as well as by the principle of federalism. The hierarchy under discussion is developed by the efforts of theoretical science. The article also discusses the problematic aspects of using the hierarchy of legal acts in case of their collision.
Linguistic Aspects of Legal Writing (Case Study of the Word “Zavedomo” and Phrase “Znal ili Dolzhen Byl Znat” in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors: Donskova Julia
Published: January 2024

The article discusses one of the research areas of applied linguistics – legal linguistics, in particular, its hermeneutical aspect. Our focus is on the functioning of language units in the legal discourse, based on the fact that the latter includes not only merely legal but also linguistic aspects because the language is a means to express certain phenomena, and the criteria of accuracy, consistency, comprehensibility for a non-specialist are important aspects of law drafting methodology. The subject of linguistic study is the functioning of the lexical unit zavedomo in the Russian legal discourse. The article points at the nature of usage of the lexical unit zavedomo in the Family Code and in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Special attention is paid to the wordings of Article 174 of the Civil Code (“Consequences of failure by a representative or a body of a legal entity to meet the conditions regulating the discharge of authority or interests of the represented or of the legal entity”) and to potential changes in interpretation subject to this lexical unit presence / absence. The article analyses the viewpoints of law experts (V. A. Belov, O. V. Berg, K. A. Gorbatov, S. L. Budylin) as to how significant the presence / absence of this lexical unit in the text of the above-mentioned law is, and also as to the reasons behind the wording of Article 174 of the Civil Code, the rationale behind the wording, and whether the meaning of the law undergoes any material changes because of it, as to the semantics and the function of the word zavedomo in the Russian legal discourse, and what linguistic aspects of law drafting methodology should be taken into account in such cases, and also what external factors may have an impact on the language of laws. The article includes a detailed discussion of the semantics of the zavedomo lexical unit, and emphasises the fact that the zavedomo lexical unit has become juridified under the influence of Article 307 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (“Wilfully false testimony, expert / specialist opinion or mistranslation”). The analysis of contexts where the zavedomo lexical unit is used in the Russian legal discourse has showed that it is most frequently used as part of the structure znal ili dolzhen byl znat. Hence, we consider the legally binding type of obligation modality. In the case study of the zavedomo lexical unit and predicates of obligation (“must”) and possibility (“could”), we analyse challenges of copying English structures (“was aware or must have been aware”) into the Russian legal discourse, and also raise issues of linguistic examination of legal texts.
E-Justice Texts: Factors of Borrowing Terms and Motivation
Authors: Kalmazova Nadezhda
Published: January 2024

The research is based on the articles, overviews and reports of the participants of the academic research “Transformation of Legal Regulation of Relations, Connected with Application of Digital Technologies in Legal System and within the System of Enforcement of Court Rulings” from which there have been extracted and analyzed terms, recently borrowed from English into Russian, which occur in the texts of e-justice. There has been done an overview of the opinions of Russian and foreign linguists connected with the issue of acceptance of borrowings, that resulted in such features as expedience, common sense, and correspondence to the target language standard. There have been generalized extralinguistic and linguistic factors of borrowings.

There have been stated that transmitted terms are borrowed in a ready-made form. They are motivated lexemes in both languages. Being included in the complex hierarchical structure of micro- and macro-fields, the transmitted terms become integral elements of the term system, acquiring the semantic properties of the basic system-forming terms. Their Greek and Latin term elements support the process of internationalization of vocabulary and the ways of its formation.

Some unmotivated and partially motivated basic terms of the computer branch of knowledge are frequency terms for digital texts. These interdisciplinary terms meet the requirements of brevity, unambiguity, and lack of synonymity, which indicates their ideal compliance with the terminological nomination.
Evolution of Scientific Views on the Role of the Language Science in Legal Technique (Case Study of Journal "Legal Technique")
Authors: Begisheva Olga
Published: January 2024

The article considers the problem of interaction between jurisprudence and linguistics within their common branch of knowledge– legal technique, the principles of which are used by the legislative and law enforcement authorities of the Russian Federation in order to create and develop legal documents. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to draw the attention of scientists and lawyers to the role of linguistic knowledge in the development of the science of law and law enforcement. This topic is of particular importance in modern conditions, when the legislative sphere is forced to respond quickly to changes in the social and political situation in the country and the world. The material of the study was obtained from the works of leading legal scholars and practicing lawyers published in the "Legal Technique" journal, which is issued by the Nizhny Novgorod Research Scientific Center under the auspices of the Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The analysis showed that the dynamics of the interaction of linguistics and legal technique indicates an increase in employment by lawyers of the achievements of different areas of linguistics: communication theory, psycholinguistics, textual criticism, applied and mathematical linguistics, which contributes to the development of their ideas about the role of language in their professional activities.
Fundamentals of Forensic Tactics in the Commission of Expertise for Extremism Cases in Proceedings on Administrative Offenses
Authors: Galyashina Elens , Chernyshev Kirill
Published: January 2024

In the article the authors integrate the provisions of forensic tactics into the proceedings on cases of administrative offenses. Despite the classical understanding of the subject of criminology, which is intended only for the needs of criminal proceedings, the authors believe that the provisions of criminology are applicable to other types of proceedings. As an example, the authors integrated the provisions of forensic tactics in relation to the commission of expertise for extremism cases in the proceedings on administrative offenses. Based on the analysis of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation, legislation on forensic expertise, current judicial practice and the provisions of the science of forensic expertise, a specific algorithm of actions is proposed for the court, state authorities and officials in need of special knowledge in the administration of justice. The algorithm of actions proposed by the authors is a consistent manual that allows to organize the work of the law enforcement officer and avoid procedural errors in the commission and performance of expertise.
The Concept of a Systemic (Systematic) Interpretation of Law in Domestic Legal Science XIX – Early XX Centuries
Authors: Sinkin Konstantin , Zelenin Yuri
Published: January 2024

The article concentrates on the study of issues of the systemic way of interpreting of legal norms through from the stand-point of pre-revolutionary lawyers. The selection of ways to interpret legal norms began at the end of the 19th century but active research of interpreting legal norms didn’t start until the beginning of the 20th century. At the same time the systemic method of interpretation of legal norms is mentioned only in passing in these studies. The authors of the article have come to the conclusion that in the domestic pre-revolutionary legal science there were two main positions in relation to the systemic interpretation. The first one is that some authors following the position of the famous German lawyer K. Savigny considered it an independent interpretation. The second, other lawyers considered the systematic way of interpreting the legal norms as a part (reception, method, element) of a logical (real) interpretation.
On the Use of Concept of "Judicial Penalty"
Authors: Sorokin Vitaly
Published: January 2024

The essence of the application of the concept of "judicial penalty" is to release a person from criminal liability and oblige to pay a sum of money in the event a person has committed a minor or moderate crime for the first time and has compensated for damage or caused harm. A unique feature of a court penalty is that it is based solely on voluntary payment by the offender. If the offender does not comply with the court decision within the prescribed period, then such a decision is subject to cancellation, and the case is reviewed again but per standard procedure. Resorting to the institution of judicial penalty, the state thereby "gives a chance" to help offenders who have committed crimes of small or medium gravity mend their ways, suffering "minimal losses". The offender does not actually go unpunished, but at the same time does not have a criminal record, is not subject to deprivation or restriction of personal and social rights, which is inherent in the application of the institution of criminal punishment.
Attributes and Functions of Statutory Concept at Devising Theoretical Model for Business Protection through Criminal Law
Authors: Korennaya Anna
Published: January 2024

In this article the author explores the general theoretical and specialized content features of statutory concept as a meta-category of legal science. Based on the use of integrative methodology, the author identifies the attributes of the statutory concept as a universal legal category. These attributes are - the multiplicity of the structure of statutory concept, conformity, typicality, theoretical validity and applicability, formal recording. The highlighted features, according to the author of the study, relate to all statutory concepts, regardless of the scope of their application in theory or rule-making practice. The paper also summarizes and analyzes the main provisions of academic thought on the problem of defining the concept of a legal model and legal modeling as a process of devising a model and method of legal science, defines the signs of a legal model as a dual phenomenon in relation to a legal structure. The theoretical model of criminal law protection as a primary element has a statutory concept. On the other hand, the theoretical model itself is a statutory concept implemented in the draft normative act. Based on the system analysis of the features of the legal model and the statutory concept, the functions of the latter are defined. The following functions of the statutory concept as a primary element and a general model are highlighted: constitutive, descriptive, interpretative, cognitive and evaluative. The selection of the indicated features is determined by the purpose of forming either a theoretical or applied model. Such attributes are not the same for different types and categories of legal models. The results of the research can serve as theoretical base for the formulation of criminal law in the process of rulemaking as well as methodological base for research.
On the Technique of Constructing Criminal Law
Authors: Tydykova Nadezhda
Published: January 2024

The article covers the study of theoretical provisions on the legislative technique of constructing a criminal law. The author proves that the technique of creating criminal law norms differs significantly from the technique of creating norms in other branches of law. In the theory of law, there is no single concept that would unite the rules, the observance of which would guarantee the creation of a high-quality text of the law, just as there is no single normative act that would regulate the process of lawmaking in any area. This determines the fact that a large number of norms of the criminal law cause criticism for various reasons: the absence in the disposition of the norm of describing certain elements of the crime, the use of terms of ambiguous content, enshrining in one norm acts of different public danger, the inconsistency of the name of the article with its contents. Improvement of the criminal law is impossible without creating a scientifically based concept of the legislative make-up of criminal law norms. The author has made an attempt to define specific rules, the observance of which will make it possible to construct norms of criminal law with clear contents, without gaps, ensuring an adequate possibility of their application in reference to each other. An analysis of the techniques (methods) for constructing a norm, classified according to the degree of generalization and the degree of completeness of presentation of the norm, is presented. Each of them is assessed from the standpoint of the appropriateness of use in various cases. Specific rules relating to the structure, content of the chapters of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and their individual norms and language rules are formulated. Examples of violations committed during the construction of certain norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and recommendations for their elimination are given.
Comparative Legal Aspects of Foreign Legislation against Return to Crime among Convicts Serving Sentences without Isolation from Society
Authors: Dorozhinsky Artur
Published: January 2024

The author of the article analyzes foreign legislation in the field of preventing repeated crimes among convicts serving sentences without isolation from society. The active policy of large-scale humanization of the penal system (hereinafter referred to as the penal system) of Russia determines the relevance and practical significance of the ongoing research in the field of studying foreign experience in the fight against repeat crime among convicts. The article analyzes the effectiveness of the use by various foreign countries of certain measures to prevent repeated crimes among convicts, and also discusses methods and means of combating repeated crime among this category of convicts. The common overseas practice of using the institution of probation as an effective tool to combat repeated crimes committed by convicts is explored. The institute of probation in some foreign countries has a long history of development and application. In addition, the author extrapolates foreign legislation on the prevention of repeated crimes to the existing realities of domestic legislation in this area. It is noted that despite the positive experience in preventing repeated crimes among convicts in foreign countries, this does not mean that we should blindly and thoughtlessly borrow it and immediately begin to implement it into our unique and distinctive penal system. Any innovation, before being integrated into an existing system, must undergo mandatory testing to establish the effectiveness of its use in practice.
On Some Issues of Comprehensive Psychological and Linguistic Expertise of Speech Products
Authors: Brinev Konstantin , Kulikova Mariya
Published: January 2024

The article has discussed the issues relating to the involvement of a psychologist in conducting comprehensive psychological and linguistic investigations of texts. The theory of the linguistic and psychological content of legal concepts has been examined in the light of the traditional understanding of expert work. It has been argued that expert studies based on such a theory constitute legal decision-making rather than fact-finding through the use of specialized knowledge. The main problems that arise in the psychological and linguistic expertise in terms of identifying the purpose of the speech product and the outcome of the speech impact have been considered. The authors have questioned the validity of existing approaches to identifying the psychological components of the text (psychological orientation, social attitudes of the author and social attitudes formed in the addressee). The question has been raised as to the correlation between the psychological line of text and the intention and illocutionary purpose, as well as the correlation between the social attitudes formed in the addressee and the perlocutionary purpose and the actual result of the speech effect. According to the authors, both the fact of the existence of such psychological components of the text and the possibility of extracting them from the text by psychological methods require justification. The examples of effective interaction between a psychologist and a linguist in comprehensive expertise have been discussed in the article.
Considering the Factor of Ignorance in Linguo-Criminal Texts
Authors: Florya Alexandr
Published: January 2024

The article considers the problem of ignorance and resulting misunderstanding in texts that are the objects of forensic linguistic expertise. The authors of linguo-criminal texts may use set phrases that have become memes, but it can be difficult to determine whether they are real citations. Misunderstanding of words and phraseological units is often explained by the fact that the speakers are detached from Soviet reality, including Soviet cultural realia. Soviet people understood them, either from their own experience or from works of literature and art (performances or films). The author may be aware of a quote, but not know its origin and real meaning. In such cases, careful contextual analysis of the utterance is necessary. In addition, the expert must take into account linguistic factors: firstly, a certain quotation is reproduced in a standardized or free form, and secondly, this phrase is rigidly or freely specified according to the rules of syntax. The semantics of some words can be understood only after reference to dictionaries, but there can be no certainty that the author of the text meant this. Many words are polysemantic, and their true meaning is not always shown in the context.
Using of modern technologies for visualization of cultural heritage
Authors: Pavelka Jr. Karel , Pacina Jan
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the historical evolution and contemporary applications of photogrammetry and laser scanning in cultural heritage preservation, focusing on the restoration of the Shush synagogue in Iraqi Kurdistan. It traces the development of documentation techniques, highlighting photogrammetry's pivotal role and the impact of the digital revolution. The case study of Project Shush illustrates the practical use of geomatics techniques, advanced 3D modeling, and collaboration with NGOs and authorities. The methodology outlines the use of technologies like terrestrial laser scanners (BLK360, Zeb-Revo) and UAVs, emphasizing their mobility and accuracy. Results detail the project stages, showcasing the creation of a detailed 3D model and the use of Unreal Engine for visualization. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of 3D documentation in cultural heritage and celebrates the success of the Shush synagogue restoration as a testament to technological advancements in preservation. Our research has shown that the joining of different 3D object documentation technologies significantly improves the quality and speeds up the workflow. Comparison of partial point clouds in software Cloudcompare on a case study of a smaller historic building showed differences in the internal structure in centimeters, while for the external parts that were covered with vegetation the differences reached up to decimeters.
Real-Time Face Mask Detection in Mass Gathering to reduce COVID-19 Spread
Authors: Soner Swapnil , Litoriya Ratnesh , Khatri Ravi , Hussain Ali Asgar , Pagare Shreyas , Kushwaha Sunil Kumar
Published: January 2024

The outbreak of Covid 19 (coronavirus) pandemic has become one of the lethal health crises worldwide. So far no effective and completely curable vaccine or any alternative has been provided to stop this transmission. This virus gets transmitted from a person when they sneeze or when they speak also in the form of respiratory droplets. According to leading and well known scientists, wearing face masks and maintaining six feet of social distance are the most substantial protections to limit the virus’s spread. In the proposed model we have used the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) algorithm of Deep Learning(DL) to ensure efficient real-time mask detection. We have divided the system in two parts – 1. Train Face Mask Detector 2. Apply Face Mask Detector for better understanding. This is a real time   application which is used to discover or detect the person who is wearing a mask at proper position or not. The system has achieved an accuracy of 99%   after being trained with the dataset, which contains around 2500 images of width and height 224×224.  This type of model just needs to be integrated with a camera and the rest of the detection will be performed, like at airports, offices, railway stations, malls etc., to check whether a government guidelines are properly being followed or not.
Discussão de demandas cognitivas de tarefas matemáticas: as resoluções de dois estudantes do 2º ano do Ensino Médio
Authors: Rocha Cléia Ferreira Niz , Machado Jackelany de Souza França D. , Januario Gilberto
Published: January 2024

O artigo orienta-se pelo objetivo de discutir as resoluções de tarefas que envolvem Função Polinomial do 1º Grau, realizadas por dois estudantes do Ensino Médio de uma escola da rede estadual de ensino de Minas Gerais. O referencial teórico reporta-se às demandas cognitivas como eixo organizador do currículo de Matemática, bem como aos raciocínios mobilizados pelos estudantes. A análise possibilitou identificar que eles apresentam raciocínios diferentes ao resolver tarefas que demandam alta cognição. As resoluções de um deles evidenciam a mobilização de raciocínios com baixa cognição, o que pode ser interpretado como ausência de compreensão da tarefa e de conceitos; as resoluções de outro mostram a mobilização de raciocínios mais complexos. Tais resultados exigem dos professores conhecimentos relativos aos tipos de raciocínios ao ler, interpretar, avaliar e selecionar tarefas em materiais curriculares ao criar situações de aprendizagem com vistas a possibilitar a formação de conceitos e a mobilização de variados raciocínios.
Uma rede de registros dos métodos de resolução de equações do segundo grau para construção de vídeos no TikTok
Authors: Alves Deive Barbosa , Fonseca Douglas Silva , Sousa Marcos Antônio de
Published: January 2024

Esta pesquisa é parte de uma dissertação que abordou a autoria de licenciandosem Matemática na criação de vídeos no Pibid. O objetivo deste estudo foi destacar a relevância de uma organização em rede interconectada de registros de conteúdos matemáticos. Utilizando abordagem qualitativa e o método de estudo de casos, a autoria dos participantesdo Pibid no TikTok, especialmente em relação aos métodos de resolução de equações do segundo grau, foi analisada. Como resultado, desenvolveu-se um algoritmo computacional para publicação desses métodos, considerados como nós de registros do fazer matemático. Esses registros formaram uma microrrede em formato de “fractal”, oferecendo diversasabordagens para a resolução de equações do segundo grau. Conclui-se, portanto, que além das macrorredes de projetos criadores de conteúdos matemáticos em diferentes plataformas, é essencial criar microrredes que abordem o mesmo conteúdo matemático de maneiras distintas, considerando múltiplas representações de significado. Essas microrredes são compostas por nós de registros criados ao longo da história humana.
Job Satisfaction Among Private and Public College/Campus Teachers of Madhesh Pradesh in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Binay , Agrawal Neha
Published: January 2024

Job satisfaction among the teachers has been found as a fundamental element influencing the performance of the organisation. The purpose of this study was to examine the Job satisfaction among private and public college/campus teachers of Madhesh Pradesh in Nepal. The current research work is based on Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory of Motivation and Job satisfaction. The variables included in the study are independent variables of intrinsic factors i.e., Job Itself, Promotion & recognition and extrinsic factors i.e., Colleagues, Pay &benefits, Students and Physical environment with Job satisfaction as a dependent variable. A descriptive and analytical research design using questionnaire method on 5-point Likert scale was used to collect and analyse the data. The study was conducted with the sample size of 250 teachers teaching in private/public campuses of Madhesh Pradesh in Nepal.  The data were analysed through the use of descriptive statistics, correlation, multiple regression analysis and t-test using SPSS software. The results of the study infer that both the extrinsic and intrinsic factors are important in determining the job satisfaction level of teachers working in higher education sector of Madhesh Pradesh in Nepal. Few of the extrinsic factors like only pay & benefits and physical environment are not found to have the significant influence on job satisfaction level of teachers.
Exploring Universal Moral Values in Animation Movie: A Case in Inside Out Movie by Pete Docter
Authors: Sjamsuddin Meilia , Said Mashadi
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore the universal moral values as portrayed in Inside Out movie by Pete Docter. This study was conducted using a qualitative method as its approach. The data were collected from the dialogues in the Inside Out movie using content analysis to elicit the universal moral values as portrayed in the movie, Inside Out. The data were analyed using Kinnier, Kernes, and Dautheribes to determine the boundaries of the study.The results of the analysis show that the universal moral values as portrayed in Inside Out movie are devided into four categories, i.e. commitment to something greater than oneself; self-respect but humility, self-discipline, and acceptance of personal responsibility; respect and caring for others; and caring for other living things and the environment.
Theorising the Public Sphere
Authors: Almuqren Abdullah
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the criticism of Jürgen Habermas's idea of the public sphere, which is essential for sociology to comprehend the possibility for consensus in the communication processes of modern society. The main objective of this paper is to examine the evolution of the notion of the public sphere. This will be achieved by investigating the traditional concept of the public sphere and scrutinising its mechanisms. The public sphere is crucial in providing a platform for thoughtful discussions that strive to involve society in the process of constructing society itself. Undoubtedly, the evolution of social interactions in contemporary times is influenced by the standard possibilities and limitations imposed by public discussions. Amidst the era of digital advancements, the discussion around the public sphere has gained significant significance and complexity. Given the abundance and variety of public areas. This paper aims to elucidate the evolution of the traditional notion of the public sphere and analyse its defining features.
Psychological Projection: Trump and Santos (Birds of a Feather Flock Together, What Every U.S. Voter Should Know)
Authors: Levenson Harvey R.
Published: January 2024

There has been a tremendous amount of media coverage regarding former President Donald Trump, and his rhetoric concerning a second run at winning the White House. There has been much speculation about his motives and appeals to his base. Trump’s rhetoric has become the focus of study amongst scholars in the areas of communication, political science, psychology, sociology, and even psychiatry. For example, there has been a lot of speculation that his motivation has been triggered by anger, retribution, and his own perception that he is right and all those judging him, including the courts, are wrong. When this research was started, there was no consideration given to including an assessment of the character of former Representative George Santos (R. NY), and his similarities to Trump in thinking and behavior. However, as the Santos case unfolded, and his allegiance to Trump, there appeared similarities that could help explain the behaviors of others supporting Trump and the MAGA movement, and what might be lying ahead if the United States supports a second Trump presidency. There is one explanation occasionally covered by the media, but not in the detail that Trump’s base and the general public would understand. The explanation is the psychological phenomenon known as “projection.” This paper attempts to explain this phenomenon in a way that would be understood by the average voter to help decide if the “projection” should be considered in selecting Trump as the Republican Party 2024 presidential choice in the primaries and in the general election. This paper explains the phenomenon of projection and how it is practiced specifically by Trump and Santos, and offers a few solutions for addressing and correcting this psychological ailment.
HiT a edukacja prawna. Analiza podstawy programowej dla szkół ponadpodstawowych
Authors: Gmerek Karolina
Published: January 2024

Asumptem do podjęcia problematyki edukacji prawnej w ramach edukacji formalnej w Polsce była zmiana podstawy programowej dla szkół ponadpodstawowych polegająca na wprowadzeniu nowego przedmiotu szkolnego: „historia i teraźniejszość” (HiT) w szkołach ponadpodstawowych oraz na wprowadzeniu szeregu innych zmian. Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie: Jak wskazana wyżej zmiana wpływa na zakres edukacji prawnej ujętej w podstawie programowej dla szkół ponadpodstawowych? Analiza podstawy programowej, przeprowadzona z wykorzystaniem odpowiednio zoperacjonalizowanych pojęć świadomości prawnej i kompetencji, wykazała, że wpływ analizowanych zmian w podstawie programowej dla szkół ponadpodstawowych na zakres edukacji prawnej w ramach edukacji formalnej w Polsce jest bardzo duży. Po pierwsze, znacznie ograniczony został zakres wiedzy o prawie; po drugie, praktycznie wyeliminowano zagadnienia, których realizacja sprzyjała rozwijaniu określonych umiejętności, wyrażaniu ocen, przyjmowaniu postaw czy krytycznemu myśleniu, które mogłoby prowadzić do formułowania postulatów zmian w prawie.
Kondycja finansowa „firm zombie” notowanych na GPW w Warszawie
Authors: Kuciński Andrzej
Published: January 2024

Artykuł porusza problem występowania „firm zombie” w gospodarce. Firmy zombie najczęściej definiuje się jako przedsiębiorstwa nierentowne, zadłużone, przeżywające problemy finansowe, które niejednokrotnie wykazują ujemny kapitał własny. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie kondycji finansowej firm zombie notowanych na rynku giełdowym Giełdy Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie, w tym ukazanie przesłanek zagrażających kontynuowaniu działalności gospodarczej przez firmy zombie. Dane z lat 2018–2021 pochodzą z bazy danych Notoria Serwis, które dotyczą rocznych sprawozdań finansowych spółek notowanych na rynku giełdowym GPW w Warszawie. W artykule wykorzystano jako główne metody badawcze analizę literatury oraz analizę finansową. Z rezultatów badań wynika, że na rynku kapitałowym w Polsce występują firmy zombie z ujemnym kapitałem własnym: w latach 2018–2021 wśród spółek notowanych na rynku giełdowym GPW stanowiły one 2,9–3,6%. Najliczniejsza grupa firm zombie z ujemnym kapitałem własnym to podmioty gospodarcze zaliczane do kategorii małych przedsiębiorstw. Firmy zombie notowane na rynku kapitałowym w Polsce charakteryzowały przede wszystkim problemy z zapewnieniem rentowności, z zachowaniem płynności finansowej, a ich działalności towarzyszyło duże ryzyko upadłości. Firmy zombie mogły kontynuować swoją działalność głównie za sprawą wygenerowanej nadwyżki finansowej, która pozwalała na regulowanie rat kapitałowych wraz z odsetkami. Na kontynuowanie działalności przez firmy zombie miały wpływ głównie niskie stopy procentowe utrzymywane przez władze monetarne w Polsce w latach 2018–2021, udzielane gwarancje rządowe podmiotom gospodarczym ubiegającym się o kredyty bankowe, subsydiowanie działalności nierentownej, czy też udzielana pomoc państwa kierowana do firm działających w warunkach pandemii COVID-19.
References to sex and gender differences in the social sciences: analysis of journal publication records (1971–2021)
Authors: Jakubowska Honorata , Cichocki Piotr , Jabkowski Piotr
Published: January 2024

Based on the publication records of journal articles indexed in the Web of Science Social Sciences Citation Index, our analysis examines the underlying factors influencing the usage of ‘sex differences’ over ‘gender differences’ in Titles and Author Keywords. Our search query identified 16,362 articles published in 1971–2021 that use either of the phrases and have at least one of their Research Areas belonging to the Social Sciences. In concurrence with earlier research, we find a substantial shift towards using ‘gender’ in the 1980s. However, for records published after 1992, the Publication Year has a negligible aggregate impact on the likelihood of ‘gender’ over ‘sex’, although meaningful trend differences occur across subsets defined by article-level disciplinary associations. Using the available publication meta-data (Publication Year, Research Area, Publication Journal) as well as the results of topic modelling (LDA) on Titles and Abstracts, we implement multi-level regression modelling to demonstrate that the likelihood of referring to ‘gender’ rather than ‘sex’ is strongly influenced by article-level disciplinary associations and their topical classification. We find that Psychology articles, by far the most numerous, exhibit a lower propensity to use ‘gender’ than all the other Social Sciences, especially when collaborating with Life Sciences & Biomedicine.
Dialog między słowem a obrazem: 12 lekcji o Konstytucji
Authors: Drozdowski Rafał , Kulczyk Agata , Talejko-Kwiatkowska Lucyna , Wiliński Paweł
Published: January 2024

Tematem sprawozdania jest trwający od roku 2017 projekt popularyzujący wiedzę o Konstytucji RP za pomocą infografik. Wspomniany projekt – realizowany przez studentów i pracowników naukowych Wydziału Prawa i Administracji Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza oraz Pracowni Grafiki Informacyjnej Uniwersytetu Artystycznego w Poznaniu – stał się dla autorów (prawnika, projektantek graficznych oraz socjologa) okazją do rozważań na temat świadomości prawnej, przydatności komunikacji wizualnej do celów edukacyjnych, możliwości i dylematów współpracy interpersonalnej, przede wszystkim jednak skomplikowanych relacji między słowem a obrazem.
Torus counting and self-joinings of Kleinian groups
Authors: Edwards Sam , Lee Minju , Oh Hee
Published: January 2024

For any integerd≥1{d\geq 1}, we obtain counting and equidistribution results for tori with small volume for a class ofd-dimensional torus packings, invariant under a self-joiningΓρ<∏i=1dPSL2⁡(ℂ){\Gamma_{\rho}<\prod_{i=1}^{d}\operatorname{PSL}_{2}(\mathbb{C})}of a Kleinian group Γ formed by ad-tuple of convex-cocompact representationsρ=(ρ1,…,ρd){\rho=(\rho_{1},\dots,\rho_{d})}. More precisely, if𝒫{\mathcal{P}}is aΓρ{\Gamma_{\rho}}-admissibled-dimensional torus packing, then for any bounded subsetE⊂ℂd{E\subset\mathbb{C}^{d}}with∂⁡E{\partial E}contained in a proper real algebraic subvariety, we have

lims→0⁡sδL1⁢(ρ)⋅#⁢{T∈𝒫:Vol⁡(T)>s,T∩E≠∅}=c𝒫⋅ωρ⁢(E∩Λρ).\lim_{s\to 0}{s^{\delta_{L^{1}}({\rho})}}\cdot\#\{T\in\mathcal{P}:% \operatorname{Vol}(T)>s,\,T\cap E\neq\emptyset\}=c_{\mathcal{P}}\cdot\omega_{% \rho}(E\cap\Lambda_{\rho}).

HereδL1⁢(ρ){\delta_{L^{1}}(\rho)},0<δL1⁢(ρ)≤2/d{0<\delta_{L^{1}}(\rho)\leq 2/\!{\sqrt{d}}}, denotes the critical exponent of the self-joiningΓρ{\Gamma_{\rho}}with respect to theL1{L^{1}}-metric on the product∏i=1dℍ3{\prod_{i=1}^{d}\mathbb{H}^{3}},Λρ⊂(ℂ∪{∞})d{\Lambda_{\rho}\subset(\mathbb{C}\cup\{\infty\})^{d}}is the limit set ofΓρ{\Gamma_{\rho}}, andωρ{\omega_{\rho}}is a locally finite Borel measure onℂd∩Λρ{\mathbb{C}^{d}\cap\Lambda_{\rho}}which can be explicitly described. The class of admissible torus packings we consider arises naturally from the Teichmüller theory of Kleinian groups. Our work extends previous results of [H. Oh and N. Shah, The asymptotic distribution of circles in the orbits of Kleinian groups, Invent. Math. 187 2012, 1, 1–35] on circle packings (i.e., one-dimensional torus packings) tod-torus packings.
A note on the post quantum-Sheffer polynomial sequences
Authors: Khan Subuhi , Haneef Mehnaz
Published: January 2024

In this article, the post quantum analogue of Sheffer polynomial sequences is introduced using concepts of post quantum calculus. The series representation, recurrence relations, determinant expression and certain other properties of this class are established. Further, the 2D-post quantum-Sheffer polynomials are introduced via generating function and their properties are established. Certain identities and integral representations for the 2D-post quantum-Hermite polynomials, 2D-post quantum-Laguerre polynomials, and 2D-post quantum-Bessel polynomials are also considered.
The ideal structure of partial skew groupoid rings with applications to topological dynamics and ultragraph algebras
Authors: Bagio Dirceu , Gonçalves Daniel , Estácio Moreira Paula Savana , Öinert Johan
Published: January 2024

Given a partial action α of a groupoid G on a ring R, we study the associated partial skew groupoid ring

R

⋊
α

G

{R\rtimes_{\alpha}G}

,
which carries a natural G-grading.
We show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the G-invariant ideals of R and the graded ideals of the G-graded ring

R

⋊
α

G

{R\rtimes_{\alpha}G}

. We provide sufficient conditions for primeness, and necessary and sufficient conditions for simplicity of

R

⋊
α

G

{R\rtimes_{\alpha}G}

. We show that every ideal of

R

⋊
α

G

{R\rtimes_{\alpha}G}

is graded if and only if α has the residual intersection property. Furthermore, if α is induced by a topological partial action θ, then we prove that minimality of θ is equivalent to G-simplicity of R, topological transitivity of θ is equivalent to G-primeness of R, and topological freeness of θ on every closed invariant subset of the underlying topological space is equivalent to α having the residual intersection property. As an application, we characterize condition (K) for an ultragraph in terms of topological properties of the associated partial action and in terms of algebraic properties of the associated ultragraph algebra.
L-series of weakly holomorphic quasimodular forms and a converse theorem
Authors: Charan Mrityunjoy
Published: January 2024

We define L-series of weakly holomorphic quasimodular forms and we derive functional equations of those L-series. We also prove a converse theorem for weakly holomorphic quasimodular forms.