bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Persian Translation of Arabic Aesthetics: Rādūyānī's Rhetorical Renaissance
Authors: Gould Rebecca
Published: December 2016

Notwithstanding its value as the earliest extant New Persian treatment of the art of rhetoric, Rādūyānī's Interpreter of Rhetoric (Tarjumān al-Balāgha) has yet to be read from the vantage point of comparative poetics. Composed in the Ferghana region of modern Central Asia between the end of the eleventh century and the beginning of the twelfth century, Rādūyānī's vernacularization of classical Arabic norms inaugurated literary theory in the New Persian language. I argue here that Rādūyānī's vernacularization is most consequential with respect to its transformation of the classical Arabic tropes of metaphor (istiʿāra) and comparison (tashbīh) to suit the new exigencies of a New Persian literary culture. In reversing the relation between metaphor and comparison enshrined in Arabic aesthetics, Rādūyānī concretized the Persian contribution to the global study of literary form.
Rhetoric and Performing Anger: Proserpina's Gift and Chaucer's Merchant's Tale
Authors: Turner Joseph
Published: December 2016

Although scholars have historically minimized the relationship between medieval grammatical and rhetorical traditions and Chaucer's poetics, Proserpina's angry speech in the Merchant's Tale represents the intersection of medieval classroom grammar exercises, Geoffrey of Vinsauf's theory of delivery, and poetics. Proserpina's angry speech reveals that her rhetoric is calculated to subvert the masculine power structures that surround her. Such a focus on Chaucer's depiction of women's persuasive tactics helps to highlight Chaucer's deep engagement with rhetoric beginning in the 1380's. Moreover, this investigation asks for increased attention to the overlap between classroom grammatical traditions, rhetorical theory, and medieval poetics.
COPI–TRAPPII activates Rab18 and regulates its lipid droplet association
Authors: Li Chunman , Luo Xiaomin , Zhao Shan , Siu Gavin KY , Liang Yongheng , Chan Hsiao Chang , Satoh Ayano , Yu Sidney SB
Published: December 2016

The transport protein particle (TRAPP) was initially identified as a vesicle tethering factor in yeast and as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Ypt1/Rab1. In mammals, structures and functions of various TRAPP complexes are beginning to be understood. We found that mammalian TRAPPII was a GEF for both Rab18 and Rab1. Inactivation of TRAPPII‐specific subunits by various methods including siRNA depletion and CRISPR–Cas9‐mediated deletion reduced lipolysis and resulted in aberrantly large lipid droplets. Recruitment of Rab18 onto lipid droplet (LD) surface was defective in TRAPPII‐deleted cells, but the localization of Rab1 on Golgi was not affected. COPI regulates LD homeostasis. We found that the previously documented interaction between TRAPPII and COPI was also required for the recruitment of Rab18 to the LD. We hypothesize that the interaction between COPI and TRAPPII helps bring TRAPPII onto LD surface, and TRAPPII, in turn, activates Rab18 and recruits it on the LD surface to facilitate its functions in LD homeostasis.
Four-year clinical remission of type 1 diabetes mellitus in two patients treated with sitagliptin and vitamin D3
Authors: Pinheiro Marcelo Maia , Pinheiro Felipe Moura Maia , Torres Margareth Afonso
Published: December 2016

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells and inadequate insulin production. Remission criteria in T1DM take into account serum levels of C-peptide and glycosylated hemoglobin, as well as the dose of insulin administered to the patient. However, remission of T1DM lasting longer than 1 year is rare. We describe here the cases of two young women who presented with positive glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody and classic clinical manifestations of T1DM. Both patients had a prior history of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. They were initially treated with a basal-bolus regimen of insulin (glargine and lispro/glulisine). Once their blood glucose levels were controlled, they were started on oral sitagliptin 100 mg and vitamin D3 5000 IU daily. After this therapy, both patients achieved clinical diabetes remission for 4 years, along with a decrease in anti-GAD antibody levels. These benefits were probably associated with immunological effects of these medications. Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) in animal models deregulates Th1 immune response, increases secretion of Th2 cytokines, activates CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T-cells and prevents IL-17 production. Vitamin D3 also activates CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T-cells, and these medications combined can improve the immune response in patients with new-onset T1DM and probably promote sustained clinical remission.

Learning points:

The use of sitagliptin and vitamin D3 in patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) may help decrease the daily insulin requirement by delaying beta cell loss and improving endogenous insulin production.

The use of sitagliptin and vitamin D3 in new-onset T1DM could help regulate the imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells.

Age 14 years or above, absence of ketoacidosis and positive C-peptide levels in patients with T1DM are good criteria to predict prolonged T1DM remission.

The determination of anti-GAD antibodies and C-peptide levels could be helpful in the follow-up of patients in use of sitagliptin and vitamin D3, which could be associated with prolonged T1DM clinical remission.
Interplay between the endocrine and circadian systems in fishes
Authors: Isorna Esther , de Pedro Nuria , Valenciano Ana I , Alonso-Gómez Ángel L , Delgado María J
Published: December 2016

The circadian system is responsible for the temporal organisation of physiological functions which, in part, involves daily cycles of hormonal activity. In this review, we analyse the interplay between the circadian and endocrine systems in fishes. We first describe the current model of fish circadian system organisation and the basis of the molecular clockwork that enables different tissues to act as internal pacemakers. This system consists of a net of central and peripherally located oscillators and can be synchronised by the light–darkness and feeding–fasting cycles. We then focus on two central neuroendocrine transducers (melatonin and orexin) and three peripheral hormones (leptin, ghrelin and cortisol), which are involved in the synchronisation of the circadian system in mammals and/or energy status signalling. We review the role of each of these as overt rhythms (i.e. outputs of the circadian system) and, for the first time, as key internal temporal messengers that act as inputs for other endogenous oscillators. Based on acute changes in clock gene expression, we describe the currently accepted model of endogenous oscillator entrainment by the light–darkness cycle and propose a new model for non-photic (endocrine) entrainment, highlighting the importance of the bidirectional cross-talking between the endocrine and circadian systems in fishes. The flexibility of the fish circadian system combined with the absence of a master clock makes these vertebrates a very attractive model for studying communication among oscillators to drive functionally coordinated outputs.
Integrins functioning in uterine endometrial stromal and epithelial cells in estrus
Authors: Park Hye Jin , Park Ji Eun , Lee Hyun , Kim Seong Jae , Yun Jung Im , Kim Minseok , Park Kyu Hyun , Lee Seung Tae
Published: December 2016

Here, as a basic study in the construction of a non-cellular niche that supports artificial organization of three-dimensional endometrial tissue, we defined the types of integrin heterodimers that are expressed transcriptionally, translationally and functionally in endometrial stromal (ES) and endometrial epithelial (EE) cells isolated from the mouse uterus in estrus. Gene and protein expression of integrin subunits were analyzed at the transcriptional and translational level by real-time PCR and fluorescent immunoassay, respectively. Moreover, the functionality of integrin heterodimers was confirmed by attachment and antibody inhibition assays.Itga2,Itga5,Itga6,Itga9,Itgav,Itgb1,Itgb3andItgb5in ES cells, andItga2,Itga5,Itga6,Itga7,Itga9,Itgav,Itgb1,Itgb3,Itgb4,Itgb5andItga6and in EE cells showed significantly higher transcriptional levels than the other integrin subunits. Furthermore, translational expression of the total integrin α and β subunit genes that showed increased transcription was determined in ES and EE cells. ES cells showed significantly increased adhesion to collagen I, fibronectin and vitronectin, and functional blocking of integrin α2, α5or αVsignificantly inhibited adhesion to these molecules. Moreover, EE cells showed significantly increased adhesion to collagen I, fibronectin, laminin and vitronectin, and functional blocking of integrin α2, α5, α6or αVsignificantly inhibited adhesion to these molecules. Accordingly, we confirmed that integrin α2β1, α5β1, αVβ1, αVβ3and/or αVβ5, and integrin α2β1, α5β1, α6β1and/or α6β4, αVβ1, αVβ3and/or αVβ5, actively function on the surface of ES and EE cells from mouse uterus in estrus phase, respectively.
Land-Based programs in the Northwest Territories: Building Indigenous food security and well-being from the ground up
Authors: Wesche Sonia D. , O'Hare-Gordon Meagan Ann F. , Robidoux Michael A. , Mason Courtney W.
Published: December 2016

Food security in Canada’s North is complex, and there is no singular solution. We argue that land-based wild food programs are useful and effective in contributing to long-term food security, health and well-being for Indigenous communities in the context of changing environmental conditions. Such bottom-up programs support cultural continuity and the persistence of skills and knowledge that, over time, increase local food security and food sovereignty. This paper (a) highlights the link between observed environmental changes and wild food procurement in two Indigenous communities in the Northwest Territories, (b) compares and discusses the impacts of two collaboratively developed, community-based programs to improve foodways transmission and capacity for wild food procurement, and (c) identifies lessons learned and productive ways forward for those leading similar efforts in other Indigenous communities.
Elevada prevalencia de Blastocystis spp. en niños de una escuela periurbana
Authors: Quispe Juli Cender Udai , Chiara Coila Yatsen Socrates , Moreno Loaiza Oscar
Published: December 2016

Introducción. La parasitosis intestinal es un grave problema de salud pública en países en vía de desarrollo; la blastocistosis es una parasitosis emergente. Objetivos. Determinar la prevalencia de infección por Blastocystis spp. y de otros enteroparásitos en niños de una escuela periurbana. Diseño. Estudio observacional y transversal. Lugar. Escuela ubicada en el distrito de Yura en Arequipa, Perú. Participantes. 83 niños, entre 4 y 8 años de edad. Intervenciones. Las muestras de heces de los niños fueron analizadas con el método Teleman modificado; se hizo un análisis descriptivo a través del cálculo de frecuencias. Principales medidas de resultados. Presencia del parásito intestinal. Resultados. La prevalencia de Blastocystis spp. fue 81,9% (68/83), la prevalencia global de parásitos fue 96,4% (80/83); además, 80,7% (67/83) tenía más de un tipo de parásito. Conclusiones. Existe una elevada prevalencia de Blastocystis spp. y de otros enteroparásitos; también, un elevado poliparasitismo en la población escolar estudiada. Es el primer estudio realizado en dicha comunidad.
Percutaneous Treatment of Thrombosed Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Fistulas: Use of Thromboaspiration and Balloon Angioplasty
Authors: Çildağ Burak Mehmet , Köseoğlu Kutsi Ömer Faruk
Published: December 2016

Background. Endovascular strategies have been used to manage patients with thrombosed vascular access for hemodialysis. We analyzed primary success rate and patency rates of balloon angioplasty following mechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of thrombosed native arteriovenous fistulas.Methods. This was a retrospective study of 24 patients with thrombosed native arteriovenous fistulas who were referred for treatment in the intervention unit of the Radiology Department. All patients had been performed percutaneous thrombo-aspiration and balloon angioplasty. Technical and clinical success rates as well as the 6th and 12th months primary and secondary patency of fistulas were evaluated .Results. Technical and clinical success was 83%. In the 6 of 20 patients, early re-thrombosis were detected. Patent AVF with primary and secondary patency rates at 6 and 12 months was 55%-40%. The secondary patency rates at 6 and 12 months were 75% and 70%.Conclusion. Mechanical thrombectomy with balloon angioplasty is a minimally invasive and effective procedure for the treatment of thrombosed native arteriovenous fistula. Advantages of this technique are minor complication rates, cost effectiveness, high techni­cal success rate.
A Prioridade do Justo Sobre o Bem na Filosofia Prática de Habermas: por uma transcendência a partir do contexto e para além dele.
Authors: Cordeiro Juliano Oliveira
Published: December 2016

Jürgen Habermas parte da ideia de que uma sociedade democrática moderna não se caracteriza apenas por um pluralismo de doutrinas religiosas, filosóficas e morais abrangentes, e sim por um pluralismo de doutrinas incompatíveis entre si. Para ele, nas sociedades tradicionais, a ética constituía uma parte das cosmovisões ontológicas que formavam a base do consenso integrador dos sujeitos, implicando na prioridade de uma determinada visão de bem. Todavia, não há, em sociedades modernas e pluralistas, nenhum consenso substantivo de valores. Os fundamentos normativos passam a ser legítimos, na modernidade, através das deliberações dos sujeitos, e não mais por uma concepção particular de bem. Trata-se, em Habermas, da defesa de uma prioridade do justo sobre o bem, ou seja, de uma fundamentação discursiva e pós-tradicional das normas. Assim, explicitaremos, primeiramente, o contexto filosófico da defesa de Habermas acerca da uma prioridade do justo sobre o bem. Em seguida, enfatizaremos como MacIntyre e Taylor argumentam, ao contrário de Habermas, uma prioridade do bem frente ao justo. Habermas consegue responder aos desafios propostos pelos comunitaristas? Por conseguinte, destacaremos como Habermas, embora defenda uma ética formal e universal, justifica que a razão comunicativa não ignora os contextos formadores das identidades dos sujeitos. Determinante, então, é o conceito de mundo da vida. Enfim, mostraremos como a filosofia prática de Habermas deve ser repensada a partir das inovações teóricas de Verdade e Justificação, uma vez que as questões de filosofia prática passam, agora, a serem apenas questões de justificação, e não mais de verdade, como outrora.
A Objeção da Justiça no Utilitarismo de J.S. Mill
Authors: Braga Bruno
Published: December 2016

Meu objetivo neste paper será o de apresentar uma reconstrução da argumentação millseana acerca da possível relação entre justiça e utilidade, isto é, a resposta de Mill às clássicas objeções de que o utilitarismo seria um preceptor de injustiças. Neste sentido, procurarei mostrar como a justiça pode ser corretamente justificada dentro da perspectiva da utilidade. Farei isso começando por uma breve exposição dos fundamentos do utilitarismo na perspectiva de Mill. Em seguida, apresento os sub-princípios do utilitarismo para localizar o foco das críticas. Por fim, discuto os dois momentos da argumentação de Mill no intuito de responder a tais críticas.
A Ética das Virtudes de Alasdair MacIntyre: implicações para a moralidade contemporânea
Authors: Rosa Aléssio Da
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo quer esboçar um possível caminho para uma ética comunitarista, segundo MacIntyre, tendo como problemática a sua repercussão na atualidade e suas possíveis implicações na reflexão filosófica contemporânea. A Ética Comunitarista é uma proposta de atualização da ética aristotélica/tomista. Apoiado nas teorias de Aristóteles e Tomás de Aquino, MacIntyre percebe que serão os conceitos de tradição, prática e narrativa da vida humana - que fornecerão as bases e princípios teóricos para a compreensão do papel das virtudes no contexto contemporâneo. Para o filósofo escocês, o ser humano é parte integrante de um contexto social, onde realiza diversos tipos de ações que estão interligadas entre si, e que trazem resultados tanto para o sujeito que as exerce, quanto para toda a comunidade em que esse sujeito vive. Portanto, o debruçar-se sobre o pensamento de MacIntyre é uma rica oportunidade para dialogar com a reflexão no campo ético frente às sociedades contemporâneas pluralistas e multiculturais.Palavras-chave: Ética das Virtudes. Tradição. Moralidade Contemporânea.
Anulabilidade e o Paradoxo do Dogmatismo
Authors: Fett João Rizzio Vicente
Published: December 2016

O objetivo deste ensaio é examinar a recente crítica de Maria Lasonen-Aarnio à solução anulabilista do paradoxo do dogmatismo. Tal paradoxo consiste no argumento de que certos princípios epistêmicos autorizam qualquer sujeito cognoscente a desconsiderar contraevidências para o que ele sabe. Porém, esta atitude dogmática é comumente julgada como injustificada e o sujeito que a toma é comumente julgado como irracional. A solução anulabilista do paradoxo do dogmatismo foi posta em circulação por Gilbert Harman e sugere que o problema é resolvido assim que se abandona a suposição de que o conhecimento não pode ser derrotado por contraevidências. Lasonen-Aarnio acredita que tal solução é insatisfatória porque ainda haveria, em certas circunstâncias, justificação para ser dogmático mesmo admitindo e sofrendo derrota epistêmica. Desse modo, a solução anulabilista deixa ainda alguma medida de dogmatismo autorizada para o sujeito. Iniciaremos com uma introdução ao problema, explicando em que consiste o paradoxo do dogmatismo e expondo as diferentes versões nas quais foi apresentado. Em seguida, vamos nos voltar para uma versão do argumento pró-dogmatismo. Consideraremos, então, a solução anulabilista proposta por Harman e a crítica de Lasonen-Aarnio. Por fim, apresentaremos três objeções à eficácia da crítica de Lasonen-Aarnio.
A revolta estudantil e a luta pela democratização do sistema educacional chileno
Authors: Betencourt Rafael
Published: December 2016

Desde 2011 a acção do movimento estudantil chileno vem constantemente atraindo a atenção do mundo e se apresenta actualmente como um importante ator político naquele país. A luta dos estudantes chilenos por uma educação pública e gratuita cresceu reverberando os ecos da Primavera Árabe e dos “indignados” na Europa, evidenciando uma crise do modelo de democracia representativa e indicando novamente as ruas como um forte espaço de política. Qualquer análise sociopolítica de tal movimento é dependente da compreensão do seu papel histórico naquela sociedade. O presente artigo pretende abordar a formação social  do movimento dos estudantes chilenos, apresentando a luta contra a herança institucional educacional estabelecida na transição da ditadura de Pinochet  para o projeto consensual de uma nova democracia chilena. Dessa forma as demandas políticas dos estudantes chilenos esbarram nos limites de qualquer tipo de transformação radical imposta por um  histórico consenso democrático entre direita e esquerda. As ruas ainda seguem sendo  alternativa para a crise  institucional de representatividade que a sociedade chilena enfrenta desde de sua transição para a democracia.
Nós, o Povo: as redes das Casas do Povo nos alinhamentos corporativos (1933–1974)﻿
Authors: Pereira Natália
Published: December 2016

A ênfase da investigação na produção discursiva nos planos ideológico, jurídico e propagandístico (e também em matéria económica) faz denotar o laconismo das pesquisas acerca do impacto dos organismos primários no mundo rural (Grémios da Lavoura e Casas do Povo) - na esteira dos trabalhos pioneiros de Manuel Lucena e de estudos recentes (Estevão, Freire, Garrido). Este artigo pretende explorar as dinâmicas sociais internas das Casas do Povo (1934-1973) e as inter-relações tecidas com os organismos corporativos primários, centrais e regionais (Grémios da Lavoura, Junta Central das Casas do Povo, 1945; Federação Distrital das Casa do Povo de Braga, 1957), através de um estudo intensivo, por amostragem (a rede em estudo é composta por mais de 100 Casas do Povo do Distrito de Braga), tendo como principais fontes os inquéritos às Casas do Povo, um dos mecanismos encontrados pelo Estado para conhecer e acompanhar estes organismos e o mundo rural. Procura-se assim contribuir para a problematização destas entidades enquanto veículos de disseminação política, jurídica e social da estrutura pretensamente massiva do corporativismo.
Apresentação do Dossiê Corporativismo
Authors: De Abreu Luciano
Published: December 2016

Apresentação do dossiê Corporativismo.
Apresentação
Authors: Maia Tatyana
Published: December 2016

--
Response to “Nature fix: Addiction to outdoor activities”
Authors: Heirene Robert M. , Shearer David , Mellalieu Stephen D. , Roderique-Davies Gareth
Published: December 2016

Buckley’s commentary on our study of rock climber’s withdrawal experiences raises a number of important questions surrounding the concept of extreme or adventure sports addiction. Drawing on the few available investigations of this topic, we respond to Buckley’s questions here, though emphasize the need for further studies of extreme sports addiction in order to provide more empirically informed answers.
‘Off to the best start’?
Authors: Brookes Gavin , Harvey Kevin , Mullany Louise
Published: December 2016

This study critically examines the multimodal discourses of baby-feeding practices in contemporary health promotion in the UK. Comparing two parallel texts from the ongoing Start4life campaign (one dedicated to breastfeeding, the other to bottle/formula feeding), our multimodal critical discourse analysis identifies a series of recurring, multisemiotic strategies through which these texts aim to promote breastfeeding as the most desirable, natural and even morally responsible method of infant nutrition. These discursive strategies, we argue, are underpinned and driven by neoliberal assumptions about infant feeding, health and risk, which fail to take into account the structural constraints that affect the take-up of the ‘ideal’ of breastfeeding, all the while propagating unobtainable and often contradictory notions of total motherhood and familial relations - discursive moves that can have negative consequences for the health and wellbeing of new mothers and their infants.
The importance of social determinants of health and the intersections of Medical and Dental Education
Authors: Amaral Mendes Rui
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. The expanding "Global village" in which we live often leads modern healthcare to plunge itself into a diversity of cultural backgrounds and social-economics contexts that often pose a challenge not only for patients' management but, more importantly, generates the need to provide medical and dental students with the necessary competences to overcome the challenges set forwards for these particular environments, which can also be found in socially deprived contexts of the so called "rich countries".As social determinants of health and social accountability become perceived as pivotal for the undergraduate medical and dental curricula, the actual delivery of the curriculum, design of courses and preparation of learning and assessment materials will present new challenges to medical and dental faculty, calling for a growing collaboration between these two healthcare professions (and others), in a rather demanding process that needs to be implement since the first stages of the students education, while at the undergraduate level.
Search for the Depths of Education in the Treasury of B. Bitinas’ Pedagogical Thought
Authors: Aramavičiūtė Vanda , Martišauskienė Elvyda
Published: December 2016

Contemporary educational system, which focuses on strengthening of the paradigm of liberal education, encounters problems not only due to rapid changes in political, social, economic and cultural life but also because of the development of educational science itself. Therefore, it is particularly important to penetrate into the treasury of pedagogical thoughts of prominent educational researchers.

B. Bitinas pedagogical thought embraces a big number of components of educational system analysed in the interdisciplinary context. A particular role is assigned to the philosophy of education, which facilitates linking of the essence of human existence with the spiritual dimension as unique power of the human nature that creates prerequisites for self-governance as well as for creation of authentic relations. Such a methodological approach opens up opportunities of theoretical substantiation of the process of education and its practical realisation.

The contribution of Professor to determination of axiological fundamentals of education is of utmost significance: the essence of values, criteria, typology and hierarchy. In the background of the aforesaid questions, the principles of setting educational goals that focus on the authentic choice of holistic or hierarchical value system are highlighted. Therefore the value-based pluralism is identified as the main principle of development of axiological education content.

The contribution of B. Bitinas to the deepening of the structure of the process of education is particularly relevant. The presented structure of educational situation allows to distinguish its components as well as to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the process of education in the specific situation. Educational science is incapable to implement the insight of B. Bitinas into the paradigm of synergetic, which serves as basis for methodology. This is a trend for future research, which is grounded on the Professor’s insights.
Development of Instruments for Grounded Theory Research: Process, Parameters and Results
Authors: Bagdonaitė - Stelmokienė Ramunė , Žydžiūnaitė Vilma
Published: December 2016

Grounded Theory (hereinafter – GT) is considered one of the most widely used research methodologies in social sciences. Due to different versions of GT, the development of instruments for research still poses particular questions. The article addresses the following research question: what are the process, parameters and outcomes (results) of development of instruments for research under different versions of GT? The aim is to summarize the methodological regularities and the logic of tools’ development within the different versions of GT.

Though the research procedures applied in different versions of GT are slightly different, they share some common aspects: theoretical sampling is usually applied; an interview is employed for data collection (though other additional methods are used as well). GT analysis starts as early as data collection, while the result of GT is a new independent theory describing, explaining and substantiating the phenomenon. The GT is understood as contextual and situational theory rather than universally applied abstract theory.

An interview is the key data collection method across all versions of GT. Despite the particular methodological differences, the main highlight of all versions of GT is the fluctuation (changeability) and the variability of instruments’s content, what means the (possible) change of questions of interviews ir criterions for observations, or document analysis. On the one hand, it expands the researcher’s possibilities; on the other hand, the researcher faces an overload of information which is difficult to cope with.
Possibilities of the Application of Child Behaviour Observation as a Tool of Social Pedagogue Work
Authors: Indrašienė Valdonė , Prakapas Romas
Published: December 2016

The article reveals the topicality of child behaviour observation in the context of social education. Also, the focus is directed towards the ideas by Prof. Bronislovas Bitinas concerning the possibilities of the development of educational science and practice by relying on diagnostic results of child behaviour and activities. The actual problem is related to the application of observation as a working instrument while implementing social pedagogical activities of child behaviour correction.

The aim of the article is to describe the possibilities of the application of child behavior observation as a tool of social pedagogue correctional activities for children from risk groups. The research was conducted by applying retrospective analysis, research data analysis and synthesis.

The article defines the prerequisites of the development of the behaviour observation instrument devoted to the solution of delinquency prevention problems. The attention is paid to the argument by Prof. B. Bitinas that sporadic educational activities directed to individual work with children from risk groups are not effective. On the contrary, systematic activities including deviant child behaviour observation are necessary.

Behaviour observation is analyzed not only as an instrument but also as a purposeful directed and organized cognitive process which creates the conditions to improve social pedagogical activities with children and the collection of the necessary information.

Generally speaking about the behaviour observation instrument suggested by Prof. B. Bitinas and active participation in the development of the instrument and its application, it should be stressed that it is the first focused attempt to develop a scientifically based working instrument for social pedagogues. The appropriate and consistent application of the behaviour observation instrument in social education provides prerequisites for sensitively diagnosing the behavior and choosing well-timed, purposeful, directive and pedagogically sound behaviour correction strategies. Meaningful application of the behaviour observation instrument in social pedagogue work provides the background for more effective psycho-pedagogical work with children from risk groups.
Expression of Quality Early Childhood Education of Children Deprived of Parental Care
Authors: Mazolevskienė Aldona , Morkvėnienė Judita
Published: December 2016

The article presents discusses issues of relevant and almost not analysed quality early childhood education of children deprived of parental care in Lithuanian and abroad. Scientific literature states, that children living in foster homes, as well as children growing in two-parent families, have the same opportunities to quality development. To reveal the scientific problem, the following aim of the research occurs, i.e. theoretically ground and empirically examine the expression of quality early childhood education of children deprived of parental care by creating a quality education model for children deprived of parental care. After summarizing the data of foster homes principals’ survey it was noticed, that leaders of foster homes are oriented towards the ensuring the access of quality early childhood education. However, foster homes do not follow contemporary Lithuanian and foreign standards of early childhood education. Qualitative research revealed, that highlight quality early childhood education determinants while identifying it’s implementing issues occurring in foster homes.
The Impact of Assessment and Selfassessment Methods of Learning Achievements and Progress on Adolescent Self-esteem Building
Authors: Meškauskienė Asta , Guoba Andrius
Published: December 2016

Assessment is meaningful when it motivates to learn and is perceived as the progress made by student in the process of learning, which strengthens students’ self-esteem. The school insufficiently focuses on individual learning needs of students and allocates the most significant attention to testing. Such system of assessment fails to address the set goals of education and does not comply with contemporary methods of teaching/learning. The purpose of study is to reveal teachers’ attitude towards formal and non-formal ways of assessing learners’ achievements that boost or impair their self-esteem. The teachers emphasised the necessity to concentrate on assessment providing learners with efficient feedback, which indicates guidelines for improvement and enhances their self-esteem. Assessment should be treated as support to a learner, which enables him or her to adequately evaluate own abilities and opportunities, motivates to seek progress.
Links between Study Outcomes and Learning Tools: Theoretical Background
Authors: Žibėnienė Gintautė
Published: December 2016

The article was prepared on the following conceptual theoretical provisions: Study outcomes is the basic part of a study programme when planning the content of studies, organizing study process, evaluation criteria of students‘ achievements, means and aids (Adam, 2004, 2007, 2008); Study outcome is the main feature of teaching / study programmes; the fundamental element of a teaching / study programme is study outcomes, denoting intended student’s knowledge, abilities and determining substantiation of the remaining elements of the study content (Laužackas, 2008; Pukelis, 2009); Interrelation of quality study process and evaluation of study outcomes with curriculum theory, where study programme is a constantly changing and self-renewing system, with all structural parts directed towards study aims, study outcomes (Kerr, 1967; Laužackas, 2000, 2008; Tyler, 1949; Žibėnienė, 2014); Provisions of European higher education space creation, formulated during Bologna process by ministers of education of participating countries in meetings, documents of European Commission and its authorized institutions (BOLOGNA beyond 2010, Communiqué of the Conference of European Ministers Responsible for Higher Education, Leuven and Louvain-la-Neuve, 2009; Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area, 2009); study outcomes interface with taxonomy methodology (Kennedy, Ryan & Hyland, 2009; Aligning with Outcomes Assessment, 2012) and study methods and evaluation methods (Žibėnienė, 2014).

Lithuania applies a study content designing model directed towards study aims and outcomes, dominating in European countries (R. W. Tyler), when a study programme is designed by setting study aims, study outcomes and foreseeing their further division according to the logical base and subject outcomes. Therefore responsibly formulated study outcomes of a study programme is not only a prerequisite for study quality – their formulation shows a clear direction for all participants of the study process in planning and carrying out evaluation of students’ achievements, directed towards evaluation of study outcomes.
The Impact of a Course in Turkic Cultures on Lithuanian University Students’ Cultural Awareness and Intercultural Skills
Authors: Çelik Servet , Ismailov Aleksandr , Çaylak Nuray
Published: December 2016

With the growing recognition that intercultural skills are a key factor in promoting social justice on a global scale, developing intercultural competence has become an important educational aim. Various approaches to supporting learners in acquiring this skill have been devised; among these are university courses aimed at providing students with information on the history, worldviews and languages of specific cultural groups. In order to ensure that such courses are achieving their aims, it is necessary to understand what motivates students to enroll in them and whether they perceive that their level of intercultural competence has been enhanced by the course content. The researchers designed this study as a means to investigate these issues in the context of an undergraduate course in Turkic cultures offered at a prominent Lithuanian university, using a scalar survey to elicit the views of the participants. The results showed that although the participants felt that the course had increased their awareness of Turkic cultures, as well as increasing their intercultural competence, they expressed only a moderate ability to relate to people of the target culture. This indicates a possible limitation concerning the course content and/or how the material was taught. To address this issue, recommendations for modifying the instructional approach and course materials are provided. These may assist instructors in similar courses in planning content that can effectively enhance students’ intercultural competence.
Efeito independente do tipo de aleitamento no risco de excesso de peso e obesidade em crianças entre 12-24 meses de idade
Authors: Contarato Aila Anne Pinto Farias , Rocha Erika Dantas de Medeiros , Czarnobay Sandra Ana , Mastroeni Silmara Salete de Barros Silva , Veugelers Paul J. , Mastroeni Marco Fabio
Published: December 2016

Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a importância do tipo de aleitamento no risco de excesso de peso de crianças entre 12-24 meses de idade. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte que incluiu 435 crianças nascidas em 2012 em uma maternidade pública de Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Dois anos após o parto, as mães e seus filhos foram contatados nas residências para uma nova coleta de dados. Na análise não ajustada, crianças que não receberam aleitamento materno exclusivo apresentaram maior risco de desenvolver excesso de peso aos dois anos de idade (OR = 1,6; p = 0,049), quando comparadas às crianças amamentadas exclusivamente. Mesmo após o ajuste para diversas covariáveis, o risco das crianças não amamentadas exclusivamente apresentarem excesso de peso aumentou 12% em relação à análise não ajustada (OR = 2,6 vs. OR = 1,8; p = 0,043). Adicionalmente, o peso ao nascer também mostrou ser um determinante independente do risco de excesso de peso (OR = 2,5; p = 0,002). A prática do aleitamento materno exclusivo pode reduzir o risco de excesso de peso em crianças de países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil.
Systematising corpus-based definitions in second language lexicography
Authors: RENAU Irene , CAMPO Araceli ALONSO
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT This study explores the application of a semantic analysis methodology to the creation of deﬁnitions of learners' dictionaries. Deﬁning words is a delicate art, traditionally left to the general writing skills of the lexicographer, introspection, or even intuition. In the past decades, many efforts have been directed towards systematising the technique, particularly in the pedagogical dictionaries momentum. In this paper, we try to demonstrate that there is still room for improvement, and that a systematic corpus analysis can be applied to build better explanations for the meaning of words. We explain the theoretical background chosen for our study, the associated methodology and ﬁve speciﬁc strategies which can guide the lexicographer through his/her task. In order to give a concrete example, we show our work with a Spanish dictionary project for foreign learners which is currently under development and has a core of very frequent Spanish verbs already available on the Internet.
Proposta de um método empírico de ajuste de séries temporais influenciadas pelos ofensores calendário e temperatura
Authors: Calili Rodrigo Flora , Oliveira Fernando Luiz Cyrino , Souza Reinaldo Castro , Araujo Thiago Gomes de , Ferreira Pedro Guilherme Costa
Published: December 2016

Resumo: No Brasil, o comportamento da carga, em especial do consumo de energia, tem sido amplamente investigado nos últimos anos. Esse interesse, em geral, é devido à grande importância financeira e social desse insumo, pois sua falta pode causar todo tipo de dano ao país. O objetivo do presente trabalho é a geração de uma série mensal de carga elétrica livre das variações de ofensores não econômicos, no caso, calendário e temperatura. Foram comparadas duas abordagens com vistas à seleção da mais eficiente na remoção dos efeitos dos referidos ofensores: a primeira de natureza empírica e a segunda com características híbridas, utilizando métodos empíricos e modelos de Séries Temporais. Os dados utilizados são provenientes de observações diárias de cada um dos quatro subsistemas que integram o Sistema Interligado Nacional (SIN), porém a ideia é produzir séries mensais do SIN e não apenas de cada um dos subsistemas. A série trimestral do PIB foi utilizada para decidir qual abordagem melhor ajustou os dados de carga. Verificou-se que a diferença dos ajustes é mínima entre os métodos propostos, apresentando alto poder de explicação quando comparadas à série sem a retirada dos ofensores calendário e temperatura.
Gestão de riscos aplicada a projetos de desenvolvimento de software em empresas de base tecnológica incubadas: revisão, classificação e análise da literatura
Authors: Neves Sandra Miranda , Silva Carlos Eduardo Sanches da
Published: December 2016

Resumo: Projetos de software estão sujeitos a uma série de riscos e identificá-los auxilia os gestores a tomar decisões de forma sistemática. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma revisão, classificação e análise da literatura sobre o gerenciamento de riscos em projetos de desenvolvimento de software com ênfase em empresas de base tecnológica incubadas. O estudo, de cunho teórico-conceitual, é justificado pela existência de lacunas na literatura e por um diagnóstico realizado em empresas de base tecnológica incubadas ter indicado a importância do tema para as mesmas. As publicações selecionadas foram localizadas por meio de consultas nas bases de dados dos periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e foram classificadas de acordo com o ano de publicação, local onde as pesquisas foram realizadas, filiação, tipo de estudo, abordagem, objetivo e foco da pesquisa. Realizou-se também um levantamento dos principais resultados de pesquisas atuais sobre gerenciamento de riscos em projetos de desenvolvimento de software, cujos resultados mostram que trabalhos relativos ao tema e direcionados a empresas de base tecnológica incubadas ainda são escassos, necessitando de pesquisas empíricas que possam auxiliar essas empresas a identificar os seus principais fatores de riscos e a reduzir ou eliminar a probabilidade de falhas nos projetos.
Implante de Port-o-Cath para quimioterapia antineoplásica em um canino: relato de caso
Authors: Santos E.R. , Rosa N.S. , Barni B.S. , Oliveira M.P. , Venâncio J.S. , Contesini E.A. , Muccillo M.S. , Driemeier D.
Published: December 2016

RESUMO O Port-o-Cath é um cateter venoso central totalmente implantável, o qual permite a infusão de quimioterápicos, hemoderivados, nutrição parenteral e coleta de sangue. Este trabalho relata o caso de um canino com um tumor no membro pélvico que foi tratado cirurgicamente e recebeu o cateter para a quimioterapia antineoplásica. A paciente possuía um sarcoma sinovial, tumor incomum em cães, que acomete normalmente as articulações e exige terapia multimodal. O tratamento foi feito em duas etapas; na primeira, o membro foi amputado e, na segunda, foi realizado o implante do Port-o-Cath e exérese de nódulo metastático. A cadela respondeu satisfatoriamente à cirurgia e realizou as sessões de quimioterapia com perfeito funcionamento do cateter, indo a óbito por outras causas 90 dias após o procedimento. O implante de Port-o-Cath para a quimioterapia é um grande aliado à terapia multimodal preconizada para o câncer, podendo o cateter ser considerado em pacientes que necessitem de medicação quimioterápica por longo período.
Monitoramento e conservação genética de populações naturais de Prochilodus lineatus dos rios Pardo, Mogi-Guaçu e Tietê, São Paulo
Authors: Lopera-Barrero N.M. , Santos S.C.A. , Goes E.S.R. , Castro P.L. , Souza F.P. , Poveda-Parra A.R. , Casseta J. , Pontillo B.G. , Ribeiro R.P.
Published: December 2016

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a diversidade e a estrutura genética de seis populações naturais de Prochilodus lineatus em usinas hidrelétricas (UHE) dos rios Pardo (UHE Limoeiro - LMO), Mogi-Guaçu (UHE Mogi-Guaçu - MOG) e Tietê (UHE Promissão - PRO, UHE Barra Bonita - BAB, UHE Nova Avanhandava - NAV e UHE Bariri - BAR). Foi encontrado um total de 47 alelos, com tamanhos entre 118pb e 330pb. Os resultados de heterozigosidade média observada (0,490 a 0,625) refletiram uma alta variabilidade genética intrapopulacional. Os valores de distância genética (0,149 a 0,773), Fst (0,006 a 0,218) e Nm (1,2 a 4,2) mostraram a presença de similaridade genética entre as populações. De acordo com a AMOVA, houve maior variação dentro das populações do que entre elas. O dendograma mostrou a formação de dois agrupamentos (LMO-PRO-MOG e BAR-BAB-NAV). Concluiu-se que as populações naturais apresentaram alta variabilidade genética, com similaridade genética entre elas, possivelmente causada pelo programa de repovoamento realizado nesses rios.
Chlorinated drinking water for lightweight laying hens
Authors: Schneider A.F. , Almeida D.S. , Moraes A.N. , Picinin L.C.A. , Oliveira V. , Gewehr C.E.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of chlorine in drinking water of laying hens on zootechnical performance, eggs shell quality, hemogasometry levels and calcium content in tibia. 144 Hy-Line laying hens, 61 weeks old, were used distributed in 24 metabolism cages. They were subjected to water diets, for a period of 28 days, using sodium hypochlorite as a chlorine source in order to obtain the following concentrations: 5ppm (control), 20ppm, 50ppm, and 100ppm. Their performance was evaluated through water consumption, feed intake, egg production and weight, egg mass, feed conversion. Shell quality was measured by specific gravity. At the end of the experiment, arterial blood was collected for blood gas level assessment and a poultry of each replicate was sacrificed to obtain tibia and calcium content measurement. There was a water consumption reduction from 20ppm of chlorine and feed intake reduction in poultry receiving water with 100ppm of chlorine. The regression analysis showed that the higher the level of chlorine in water, the higher the reduction in consumption. There were no differences in egg production and weight, egg mass, feed conversion, specific gravity, tibia calcium content, and hemogasometry levels (hydrogenionic potential, carbon dioxide partial pressure, oxygen partial pressure, sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, carbon dioxide total concentration, anion gap and oxygen saturation). The use of levels above 5ppm of chlorine is not recommended in the water of lightweight laying hens.
Ureter ectópico extramural em um cão Labrador Retriever: relato de caso
Authors: Lempek M.R. , Sapia A.C. , Gobbi T. , Valadares R.C. , Menezes J.M.C. , Soares B.A. , Souza D.B. , Carneiro R.A. , Melo M.M. , Veado J.C.C. , Tôrres R.C.S.
Published: December 2016

RESUMO A ectopia ureteral é uma enfermidade congênita que se caracteriza quando um ou ambos os ureteres apresentam-se inseridos fora do seu local anatômico, com a inserção ocorrendo no útero, no colo da bexiga, na uretra ou na vagina, devido a uma diferenciação anormal dos ductos mesonéfricos e metanéfricos. Nos machos, a inserção pode ocorrer também nos ductos deferentes e na próstata. A incontinência urinária é o sinal clínico mais comumente associado ao ureter ectópico. O presente relato descreve um caso de ureter ectópico extramural unilateral, em um cão da raça Labrador Retriever de sete anos de idade, corrigido cirurgicamente, e mostra a importância dos exames radiográfico contrastado e ultrassonografia.