bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phosphate Toxicity and Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease:
A Closer Look Utilizing Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Yang Ying , Yang Ke , Xiong Yuxin , He Yusong , Zhou Yuanyuan , Hayden Melvin R.
Published: July 2023

Hyperphosphatemia is independently linked with vascular calcification, cardiovascular
disease, bone-mineral disease, progression of renal insufficiency, and all-cause mortality in chronic
kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The emerging importance of fibroblast
growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and its co-factor Klotho play very important roles as phosphaturic hormones;
however, phosphate levels rise due to a loss of renal Klotho production and the phosphaturic
effects of the FGF-23/Klotho axis. Hyperphosphatemia is also associated with calciphylaxis,
acceleration of renal tubulointerstitial disease, renal osteodystrophy, and uremic cardiomyopathy.
This review incorporates ultrastructural remodeling of the thoracic aorta to provide a different perspective
on vascular calcification. Nine-week-old male heterozygous (mRen2) 27 (Ren2) rat models
of hypertension, insulin resistance, vascular oxidative stress and albuminuria are utilized to demonstrate
aortic remodeling associated with vascular calcification. Nine-week-old male Zucker
obese (fa/fa) rat models are utilized to better understand nephrolith formation. Phosphate homeostasis,
toxicity, multiple metabolic and uremic toxicities, renal osteodystrophy, and vascular calcification
are also discussed. Additionally, the role of the endothelium, vascular smooth muscle cells, inflammatory
monocytes/macrophages and mast cells, pericytes, oxidative stress, hydrogen sulfide,
and extraosseous calcification in the kidney are discussed as they relate to CKD, ESRD and calciphylaxis.
Recent Literature on the Synthesis of Thiazole Derivatives and their
Biological Activities
Authors: Farghaly Thoraya A. , Alfaifi Ghaidaa H. , Gomha Sobhi M.
Published: July 2023

The thiazole ring is naturally occurring and is primarily found in marine and microbial
sources. It has been identified in various compounds such as peptides, vitamins (thiamine), alkaloids,
epothilone, and chlorophyll. Thiazole-containing compounds are widely recognized for their antibacterial,
antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antitubercular, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticonvulsant,
anticancer, and cardiovascular activities. The objective of this review is to present recent advancements
in the discovery of biologically active thiazole derivatives, including their synthetic
methods and biological effects. This review comprehensively discusses the synthesis methods of thiazole
and its corresponding biological activities within a specific timeframe, from 2017 until the conclusion
of 2022.
A Narrative Review of Signaling Pathway and Treatment Options for Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Bhupesh Semwal , Chauhan Neha , Jyoti Verma , Ankit Kumar , Sonia Singh , Bhupendra Singh
Published: July 2023

Background:

Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive kidney disease that
frequently results in end-stage renal disorders and is characterized by proteinuria,
albuminuria, decreased filtration, and renal fibrosis. Despite the fact that there are a
number of therapeutic alternatives available, DN continues to be the main contributor to
end-stage renal disease. Therefore, significant innovation is required to enhance
outcomes in DN patients.

Methods:

Information was collected from online search engines like, Google Scholar,
Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Sci-Hub databases using keywords like
diabetes, nephropathy, kidney disease, autophagy, etc.

Results:

Natural compounds have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and
impact various signaling pathways. They ameliorate kidney damage by decreasing
oxidative stress, inflammatory process, and fibrosis and enhance the antioxidant system,
most likely by activating and deactivating several signaling pathways. This review
focuses on the role of metabolic memory and various signaling pathways involved in the
pathogenesis of DN and therapeutic approaches available for the management of DN.
Special attention is given to the various pathways modulated by the phytoconstituents.
Quorum Sensing in Gram-Negative Bacteria: Strategies to
Overcome Antibiotic Resistance in Ocular Infections
Authors: Tiwari Sakshi , Gidwani Bina , Vyas Amber
Published: July 2023

Truly miraculous medications and antibiotics have helped save untold millions
of lives. Antibiotic resistance, however, is a significant issue related to health that
jeopardizes the effectiveness of antibiotics and could harm everyone's health. Bacteria,
not humans or animals, become antibiotic-resistant. Bacteria use quorum-sensing
communication routes to manage an assortment of physiological exercises. Quorum
sensing is significant for appropriate biofilm development. Antibiotic resistance occurs
when bacteria establish a biofilm on a surface, shielding them from the effects of
infection-fighting drugs. Acylated homoserine lactones are used as autoinducers by
gram-negative microscopic organisms to impart. However, antibiotic resistance among
ocular pathogens is increasing worldwide. Bacteria are a significant contributor to ocular
infections around the world. Gram-negative microscopic organisms are dangerous to
ophthalmic tissues. This review highlights the use of elective drug targets and
treatments, for example, combinational treatment, to vanquish antibiotic-resistant
bacteria. Also, it briefly portrays anti-biotic resistance brought about by gram-negative
bacteria and approaches to overcome resistance with the help of quorum sensing
inhibitors and nanotechnology as a promising medication conveyance approach to give
insurance of anti-microbials and improve pathways for the administration of inhibitors of
quorum sensing with a blend of anti-microbials to explicit target destinations and
penetration through biofilms for treatment of ocular infections. It centres on the
methodologies to sidestep the confinements of ocular anti-biotic delivery with new visual
innovation.
Advances in Small Molecules of Flavonoids for the Regulation of
Gluconeogenesis
Authors: Wu Xiaoran , Wang Aidong , Ning Chuchu , Wu Yangyang , Chen Sunhui
Published: July 2023

Hyperglycemia resulting from over-gluconeogenesis is a prominent feature of type 2 dia-betes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, it is very important to reduce glucose output, especially liver glucose output, and maintain blood glucose homeostasis in the treatment of T2DM. It has been found that small molecules of natural flavonoids are able to act on various targets in the gluconeo-genic pathways, interfering with rate-limiting enzyme activity or regulating the cascade of hormonal signaling and affecting all levels of transcription factors by limiting the transport of non-sugar sub-strates. As a result, gluconeogenesis is inhibited. Literature indicated that gluconeogenesis regulated by flavonoids could be divided into two pathways, namely the pre-translational pathway and the pro-translational pathway. The pre-translational pathway mainly interferes with the signaling path-way and transcription factors in gluconeogenesis and inhibits RNA transcription and the expression of gluconeogenic genes, while the post-translational pathway mainly regulates the transport of non-glucose substrates and directly inhibits four rate-limiting enzymes. This review describes the effects of small flavonoid molecules on different targets and signaling pathways during gluconeogenesis, as well as relevant validation methods, in the hope of providing references for similar studies and promoting the development of anti-diabetic drugs.
In silico Pharmacodynamics, Antineoplastic Activity and Molecular Docking of two Phytochemicals Isolated from Thymelaea microphylla
Authors: Ghanem Hasna , Khaoua Oussama , Ouahab Ammar , Benbellat Noura , Haba Hamada
Published: July 2023

Background:

The lead compounds isolated from medicinal plants constitute a matrix for
research and discovery of new drugs using in silico study and molecular docking.

Objective:

This work explores the in silico study and the molecular docking of two rare phytochemicals,
namely Microphynolide A (1) and Microphynolide B (2), isolated from the Saharan medicinal plant
Thymelaea microphylla (Thymelaeaceae family).

Methods:

In the current work, several integrated web-based in silico pharmacokinetic tools were used to
estimate the druggability of two isolated phytochemicals. In addition, molecular docking was conducted
using AutoDockVina 4.2 to study the binding interactions with the targets predicted employing the
PharmMapper server. The toxicological study was evaluated using ProTox-II online server. DFT methods
were utilized to evaluate some physicochemical properties of structures, vibrational wavenumbers, and
molecular electrostatic potentials.

Results:

Molecules (1) and (2) showed good ADMET profiles and antineoplastic activity. Also, they
exhibited non-toxicity and belong to the Toxicity class VI (LD50 >8000 mg/kg) with immunotoxic
activity. A good correlation was observed between the experimental and theoretical IR spectra, with no
negative values in the theoretical spectra indicating the high stability of these compounds. Docking
simulation studies against protein receptors Sulfotransferase 1A1 (PDB ID: 1LS6) and Angiogenin (PDB
ID: 1B1I) displayed good binding affinity values of -5.8 and -6.8 kcal/mol, respectively, with number of
H-bonding interactions. Furthermore, the control molecules p-Nitrophenol (pNP), Dopamine, Axitinib
and Bevacizumab displayed values of binding energies of -6.7, -6.7, -6.9 and -6.3 Kcal/mol, respectively.

Conclusion:

This study provides evidence supporting that the two molecules could be effective drugs to
inhibit cancer cells and did not show any acute toxicity or mutagenic effects.
Appraisal of Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Ocular
Imaging in Cardiovascular Risk Prediction
Authors: Moore Julie S. , Nesbit M. Andrew , Moore Tara
Published: July 2023

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide despite the use of
available cardiovascular disease risk prediction tools. Identification of high-risk individuals via risk
stratification and screening at sub-clinical stages, which may be offered by ocular screening, is important
to prevent major adverse cardiac events. Retinal microvasculature has been widely researched
for potential application in both diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk prediction. However,
the conjunctival microvasculature as a tool for cardiovascular disease risk prediction remains
largely unexplored. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current cardiovascular risk assessment
methods, identifying gaps in the literature that imaging of the ocular microcirculation
may have the potential to fill. This review also explores the themes of machine learning, risk
scores, biomarkers, medical imaging, and clinical risk factors. Cardiovascular risk classification
varies based on the population assessed, the risk factors included, and the assessment methods. A
more tailored, standardised and feasible approach to cardiovascular risk prediction that utilises
technological and medical imaging advances, which may be offered by ocular imaging, is required
to support cardiovascular disease prevention strategies and clinical guidelines.
Possible Association between Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Sleep
Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nayeri Tooran , Sarvi Shahabeddin , Daryani Ahmad
Published: July 2023

Background:

Few studies investigated the relationship between toxoplasmosis and sleep
disorders. Sleep disorders can lead to suicidal behavior and traffic accidents. Therefore, the purpose of
this study is to collect information and investigate the possible relationship between Toxoplasma
gondii (T. gondii) and sleep disorders.

Methods:

To achieve the goal of the present study, five English databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect,
Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest) were systematically searched for related studies from their
inception until October 18, 2022. The obtained articles were screened based on the title, abstract, and
full text. Then, the quality of the papers investigating the relationship between toxoplasmosis and sleep
disorders was evaluated, and finally, the data from the relevant studies were extracted in a Microsoft
Excel data sheet.

Results:

Eight articles (4 case-control and 4 cross-sectional studies) were entered in this systematic
review containing 926 patients with sleep disorders and 1877 people without sleep disorders in casecontrol
studies, out of which 212 (22.89%) and 392 (20.88%) individuals were positive for anti-T.
gondii IgG antibody using different serological methods. Also, 2885 people with sleep disorders were
investigated for anti-T. gondii IgG antibody in cross-sectional studies, out of which 1559 (54.03%)
cases were positive.

Conclusion:

The results of this study suggest that T. gondii infection may be a risk factor for sleep
disorders. However, the number of related studies is small, and there are contradictions in the findings
of these articles. Therefore, further studies are necessary to clarify the possible association between T.
gondii infections and sleep disorders.
Ethnopharmacological Uses, Pharmacological Activities, and Therapeutic Applications of Tectochrysin in Medicine: An Important Class of Dietary Flavonoid
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar
Published: July 2023

Background:

Natural products and their derived pure phytochemicals have enormous potential to treat human disorders and associated secondary complications. Natural products are widely consumed by humans due to their rich phytochemical content, diverse therapeutic potential and cost-effectiveness compared to allopathic medicine. Flavonoids are a well-known class of polyphenolic compounds widely present in the plant kingdom. Tectochrysin is an important class of dietary flavonoids present in foods and fruits. Tectochrysin has anti-tumor, anti-Alzheimer’s, and antimicrobial activities in medicine. Pharmacological studies have signified the biological application of tectochrysin in health sectors for the treatment of hepatic and gastrointestinal complications.

Methods:

This current review summarizes the updated scientific information on the medicinal importance and pharmacological activities of tectochrysin. Scientific information on tectochrysin was collected from PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Google with some additional resources, including books, dissertations, and scientific reports in the present work. Collected scientific information was further categorized into medicinal uses, pharmacological activities, and analytical aspects in the present paper. Furthermore, detailed pharmacological activities of tectochrysin were discussed in the present work, with analytical aspects used for the separation, isolation and identification of tectochrysin in order to explore its therapeutic potential in medicine.

Results:

Phytochemical analysis of propolis, Alpinia oxyphylla and Lychnophora markgravii led to the isolation of tectochrysin. This present work signified the anticancer activity of tectochrysin on prostate cancer, human colon cancer, and breast cancer. Moreover, its anti-osteoporosis, antiinflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-diarrheal, and hepatoprotective activity were also discussed in the present work. Further effectiveness of tectochrysin in Alzheimer's disease, SARSCoV- 2, nitric oxide production, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and age-related diseases was further explored in the present work. It has been found that experimental animal data also supports its antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, and metabolic functions. Analytical data indicated its separation, isolation, and identification in different samples.

Conclusion:

Scientific data presented in this review signifies the biological importance and therapeutic potential of tectochrysin in medicine.
A Comprehensive Review on Niosomes as a Tool for Advanced Drug
Delivery
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Garg Akash , Agrawal Rutvi , Chopra Himansu , Pathak Devender
Published: July 2023

Over the past few decades, advancements in nanocarrier-based therapeutic delivery have
been significant, and niosomes research has recently received much interest. The self-assembled
nonionic surfactant vesicles lead to the production of niosomes. The most recent nanocarriers, niosomes,
are self-assembled vesicles made of nonionic surfactants with or without the proper quantities of
cholesterol or other amphiphilic molecules. Because of their durability, low cost of components, largescale
production, simple maintenance, and high entrapment efficiency, niosomes are being used more
frequently. Additionally, they enhance pharmacokinetics, reduce toxicity, enhance the solubility of
poorly water-soluble compounds, & increase bioavailability. One of the most crucial features of niosomes
is their controlled release and targeted diffusion, which is utilized for treating cancer, infectious
diseases, and other problems. In this review article, we have covered all the fundamental information
about niosomes, including preparation techniques, niosomes types, factors influencing their formation,
niosomes evaluation, applications, and administration routes, along with recent developments.
Assessing the Efficacy of Berberine Hydrochloride-loaded Transethosomal
Gel System in Treating Dermatophytosis Caused by Trichophyton rubrum
in ex-vivo, in-vitro and in-vivo Models
Authors: Mishra Koushlesh Kumar , Kaur Chanchal Deep , Singh Sunil , Tiwari Abhishek , Tiwari Varsha , Sharma Ajay
Published: July 2023

Background:

Dermatophytosis is the most common dermatological disorder worldwide.
Many drugs are available in the market for the treatment of dermatophytosis, but they have
had limited success due to the stratum corneum barrier, antifungal resistance, drug permeation,
drug retention in skin layers, etc. Thus, there is a constant need for new topical compounds that
are effective against dermatophytosis. Berberine-hydrochloride is an attractive candidate to become
an antifungal drug, and by using nanotechnology, it achieves deeper penetration in skin layers
with enhanced permeability through the stratum corneum.

Methods:

In this study, we developed an oleic acid-containing berberine-hydrochloride-loaded
transethosomal gel for effective treatment of dermatophytosis by Trichophyton rubrum. Berberine-
hydrochloride-loaded transethosomal gels were fabricated using the hot homogenization
method, followed by the incorporation of transethosomes into the gel-based system using carbopol
934. Transethosomal gel was characterized by physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release,
ex-vivo permeation studies, CLSM visualization, antifungal activity, histopathological evaluation,
and dermatokinetic study.

Results:

Berberine-hydrochloride-loaded transethosomes seemed to be spherical and found in a
range between 200-300 nm. Berberine-hydrochloride-loaded transethosomal gel formulation also
exhibited controlled ex-vivo permeation of berberine-hydrochloride over 24 hr through excised rat
skin, and CLSM confirmed deeper penetration into skin layers. The in vivo study revealed that
transethosomal gel had a healing effect on the skin of Wistar rats infected with Trichophyton
rubrum and was better than luliconazole cream. The histopathological evaluation confirmed its
safety, and the dermatokinetic study showed transethosomal gel superiority over marketed cream.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the incorporation of berberine hydrochloride-loaded transethosomal
nanosystems into the gel has the potential to enhance antifungal activity and permeation through
transdermal drug delivery.
Reseña. Dédalo, Camilo Bogoya, Editorial Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 2020, 187 p.
Authors: Martínez Néstor D.
Published: July 2023

Se decía de Dédalo, el hombre más ingenioso de la mitología griega, dibujante, escultor, arquitecto e inventor, que dominaba su facultad creativa con tal grado de perfección que debía encadenar a sus creaciones para que no se escaparan.
O Meu Pé de Laranja Lima na China: Receção e tradução
Authors: Li Li
Published: July 2023

O meu pé de laranja lima, um romance infantil brasileiro, escrito por José Mauro de Vasconcelos, foi traduzido de português para chinês,pela primeira vez,e publicado na Chinaem 2010. Desde então, o livro tem sido um grande sucesso no país. Este artigo tenta demonstrar os fatores da popularidade desta obra na China do ponto de vista de cinco perspetivas, nomeadamente:conteúdo do livro, profissionais e patronagem, desenvolvimento da internet, influência coreana e estratégias de tradução. Também são discutidos os problemas de tradução desta obra a fim de captar a atenção para o papel da tradução na promoção de obras literárias noutro país.
Analisis nilai-nilai karakter dalam Tut Wuri Handayani sebagai asas pendidikan nasional
Authors: Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Yusuf-LN Syamsu , Supriatna Mamat , Budiamin Amin
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji nilai-nilai karakter yang terkandung dalam Tut Wuri Handayani.  Tut wuri handayani merupakan suatu asas dan landasan pendidikan yang mengandung makna bahwa sebagai pendidik harus memfasilitasi setiap anak (peserta didik)  untuk mencapai tingkat perkembangan yang utuh dan optimal. Pendekatan penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan fenomenologi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode hermeneutika fenomenologi yang diarahkan pada pengalaman hidup dan untuk menafsirkan “teks” kehidupan. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui library research dan wawancara. Sumber data dalam penelitian terdiri dari tulisan pemikiran Ki Hadjar Dewantara tentang tut wuri handayani dan wawancara tokoh Tamansiswa. Analisis data menggunakan Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semboyan tut wuri handayani terdapat nilai-nilai karakter yang dapat dikembangkan pada aspek tut wuri handayani, ing madya mangun karsa, dan ing ngarsa sung tuladha sebagai landasan pendidik dalam teori dan praksis Pendidikan. Semboyan Tut wuri handayani tepat diterapkan dalam sistem pendidikan nasional, yang mampu merangsang anak (peserta didik) melakukan belajar secara merdeka dengan menghindarkan perilaku yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan dan norma. Kata kunci : tut wuri handayani, nilai-nilai karakter, pendidikan
Nilai pendidikan karakter dalam proses asah asih asuh Anak majikan studi kasus pekerja migran di Hongkong
Authors: Nurbaya St. , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe the value of character education that is transformed by YouTuber MAS in the process of teaching, caring, and caring for the employer's children which is broadcast on the YouTube channel. The formulation of the problem addressed is what character education values are transformed by Markhatin Solikha to his foster children GNV. The research method is a content analysis method that specifically analyzes communication events (CA). The focus of this research analysis is the communication events contained in the video- Markhatin MAS videos on his YouTube channel. The type of data is in the form of conversations or dialogues between caregivers and their foster children which are transcribed in the form of data cards. The unit of analysis is sentences, phrases and/or clauses as well as spoken words and behavior in the video that contain character education values. The main instrument is researchers who focus on observation activities in the form of observing notes. The conclusion of the research results found is the values of character education found are the values of honesty, religion, tolerance, responsibility, independence, creativity.
Comparative efficacy of six nonpharmacological interventions on global cognition in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Preprint)
Authors: Suk Jiwoo , Kim Jaeuk U.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

The global population is experiencing rapid aging. To maintain current cognitive function and access greater cognitive reserves, nonpharmacological interventions could serve as a viable alternative for older adults with or without cognitive impairment. However, there is a lack of research comparing the efficacy of existing interventions in improving global cognition in older adults.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare different nonpharmacological interventions for enhancing global cognition, including mind-body exercise, noninvasive brain stimulation, cognitive training intervention, acutherapy, meditation, and music therapy, by applying a network meta-analysis.

METHODS

Fifty-eight randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of interventions on global cognition in older adults with or without mild cognitive decline were selected. A network meta-analysis was conducted to provide the comparative efficacy of different nonpharmacological interventions. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to estimate data quality, and the therapeutic mechanisms of each intervention were reviewed.

RESULTS

The network meta-analysis revealed that mind-body exercise with 0.667 (95% CI, 0.256-1.078), ACU intervention with 0.667 (95% CI, 0.256-1.078), meditation with 0.643 (95% CI, 0.234-1.052), non-invasive brain stimulation with 0.566 (95% CI, 0.040; 1.091), cognitive training intervention (CTI) with 0.591 (95% CI, 0.323-0.858), and physical exercise with 0.552 (95% CI, 0.165-0.940) showed positive effects compared to passive controls. Moreover, the mind-body exercise (P score = 0.8162) had the more significant effect than other interventions for improving global cognition. However, no statistically significant differences were observed among the other interventions.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that nonpharmacological interventions, especially mind-body exercises, may be a potential strategy for enhancing and maintaining global cognition in the older population, although additional studies are needed to clarify the impact of other variables, including intervention methods or psychological variables.
Piloting CBO-PrEP: a community-based telehealth program for Latinx sexual minority men (Preprint)
Authors: Andrade Eli A. , Bentancourt Gabriela , Morales Gustavo , Zapata Omar , Marrero Lissette , Rivera Sage , Nieves Eric , Miranda Carolina , Diaz Chanelle , Beil Robert , Patel Viraj V. , Ross Jonathan
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Latinx sexual minority men (LSMM) face multi-level barriers to accessing HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

OBJECTIVE

To address these barriers, we designed and implemented CBO-PrEP, a collaborative community-based, telehealth PrEP program for LSMM with three community-based organizations (CBOs) and a large integrated health care system in New York City, 2020-2023.

METHODS

We designed a PrEP delivery program through a collaborative process involving staff from local CBOs and a primary care-based HIV prevention program. Staff met weekly over a three-month period to establish protocols for referrals, obtaining insurance coverage, and navigation to appointments and laboratory testing. To assess feasibility, we extracted electronic medical record data including demographics and clinical outcomes of PrEP care: referral date, appointment dates, date of and number of navigator contacts, laboratory test results, and PrEP prescriptions.

RESULTS

Between December 2020-May 2023, 102 individuals were referred to CBO-PrEP; 72 (70.6%) were scheduled for an initial appointment. Out of 72 scheduled for an appointment, 58 (80.6%) were seen by a healthcare provider a median of 7.5 days after referral (IQR 2-19); 48 (82.6%) of initial appointments were via telemedicine. Of the 58 seen by a provider, 46 (79.3%) underwent initial laboratory testing; 20 patients (43.5%) used a commercial laboratory. A total of 52 patients (87.7%) received a PrEP prescription a median of 17.5 days (IQR 4.5-33.5) after referral.

CONCLUSIONS

CBO-PrEP successfully engaged LSMM, a population that is often hard to reach. Expanding collaborative approaches with CBOs could have a significant impact on improving PrEP uptake for LSMM and other priority populations.
Standardized Nomenclature Prompting (SNP): Enhancing Medical Queries in Generative Language Models (Preprint)
Authors: Andalib Saman , Spina Aidin , Halaseh Faris , Vermani Rishi , Liang Jason , Wiechmann Warren
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

OpenAI’s ChatGPT and other Generative Language Models (GLMs) have rapidly increased in popularity. Such language models have the potential to greatly benefit the medical field. Despite the rapid rise in the implementation of such technologies, no standardized framework currently exists to discuss the prompting techniques for these models.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to establish the nomenclature of “variable” and “clause” in prompting a generative language model while providing example interviews that outline the utility of said approaches in medical applications. This goal is key to implementing GLMs in the medical field, as they provide grounds for assessing prompting methodologies.

METHODS

The specific GLM assessed in this paper was OpenAI’s ChatGPT-4. Definitions of terms utilized in prompting procedures were outlined, including “Input Prompt,” “Variable,” “Demographic Variable and Clause,” “Independent Variable and Clause,” “Dependent Variable and Clause,” “Generative Clause,” and “Output.” This methodology was implemented with the three-example patient cases. Unedited ChatGPT outputs were included.

RESULTS

As demonstrated in our three cases, precise combinations of variables and clauses that consider patients’ age, gender, weight, height, and education level can yield unique outputs. The software can do so quickly and in a personalized, patient-specific manner. Our findings demonstrate that GLMs can be used to generate comprehensive sets of educational material to combat current limitations with the potential of improving healthcare outcomes as they are further explored.

CONCLUSIONS

To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to standardize medical inputs into a GLM. Doing so opens the potential for outlining patient-specific information in medical queries that can better tailor responses to individual patients. Additionally, throughout this paper, we recommended several avenues that we believe would provide the greatest insight into future research of GLMs, such as ChatGPT. Most notably, future projects must look at the specialty and presentation-specific input changes that might produce the best outputs for desired goals.
Local Wisdom, the Muslim Community and the Strengthening of Pancasila Ideology in Bali
Authors: Ardhana I Ketut , Gde Putra Ida Bagus , Novi Puspitasari Ni Wayan Radita
Published: July 2023

Studies on local wisdom, the dynamic practices of the Muslim community as a minority, and the Hindu majority in Bali are few. These kinds of studies are significant, concerning existing local wisdom. Spiritual values and noble cultural values need to be understood with societal development. Official religions often cause community fragmentation. There are several questions. First, how does a community adapt local knowledge to local wisdom? Second, what forms of tolerant spiritual and religious practices should be prominent concerning the influence of Islam? The majority of Balinese Hindu traditions and religion are different. Third, how do Bali’s communities interpret local wisdom with religious tolerance and moderation? Pancasila ideology in Indonesia’s national life is not only for the present; but for the future.
Analytical formula of the mutual impedance of a partial core transformer with conductive tapes
Authors: Pérez Gómez Cándido Arturo , Maximov Serguei , Olivares Galván Juan Carlos , Escarela Pérez Rafael
Published: July 2023

The present work shows a first approximation of the analytical model of the mutual impedance of a transformer with a partial cylindrical core considering the effective tensor values of magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity. This first model is based on the use of constant values to represent the effective relative permeability of the core material of this transformer. The analytical expressions obtained allow modeling the mutual impedance values for the following cases: filamentary conductor, conductors with a rectangular cross-section and for a two-coil device.
An Nahl Group's Honey Sales Assistance Through E-Commerce Shopee
Authors: Abd Rohman Taufiq
Published: July 2023

Electronic commerce (E-commerce) can be described as the process of meeting sellers and buyers to conduct a transaction via the internet. The advantages of using Shopee's e-commerce media make it easier for business actors to do marketing easily and cheaply, reach unlimited consumers and potential business growth in the future. MSME Madu An Nahl Group marketing uses a word of mouth system and only to the surrounding environment so they have not used digital/online marketing. The abdimas program assistance aims to provide knowledge and training to Madu An Nahl Group in creating an online store and how to apply it to online buying and selling activities at Shopee e-commerce. The method in this mentoring program uses the Asset Based Communities Development (ABCD) method by prioritizing the utilization of existing assets and potentials in the vicinity of the Madu An Nahl Group MSME. The results of the abdimas mentoring activities at MSMEs Maadu and Nahl Group have produced an online store in the Shopee application for each store member in the shopee application, which is used as a means of buying and selling production goods. The products that have been created are in the form of handicrafts such as home decor, dry seblak and other branded products that can be sold freely
Comparative Study of Quantitative Real-Time Monitoring QRT-PCR for BCR-ABL Gene in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) Between Blood and Bone Marrow Samples
Authors: Haleem Azhar , Al-Ani Rana , Burhan Ghada
Published: July 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the quantitative real-time RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) technique as a diagnostic tool for molecular surveillance of the BCR-ABL duplicate in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) using both peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) samples.
Methods: Prospective analysis has been conducted a by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) for both PB and BM specimens, from 25 patients with untreated CML. QRT-PCR investigation was carried out previous and during treatment with Imatinib for untreated CML. Statistical examinations showed useful agreement of PB and BM pre- treatment specimens. Nevertheless, using the SPSS statistical method that estimates the agreement between PB and BM data,
Results: This study showed low correspond of BCR-ABL measurements in PB and BM for specimens acquired through treatment. PB values tended to be lower than the conformable BM values [average difference = -0.37 (p<0.001) in 36 coupled samples] and the 95% limits of agreement ranged from -1.23 to 0.48. Nevertheless, the present study showed that BM and PB QRT-PCR values followed a similar direction during treatment (Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.70, 0.96).
Conclusion: Our findings imply that PB and BM measures of BCR-ABL are frequently quantitatively different. The most accurate way to determine whether there is minimal residual disease is through BM sampling because BM results tend to be greater than PB values (MRD). Based on these findings, we advise avoiding switching BM and PB sampling for MRD monitoring during CML treatment because doing so could result in incorrect interpretation of treatment outcomes.
VARIABILIDAD DE NÚCLEOS LAMINARES EN LA CUENCA MEDIA Y SUPERIOR DEL RÍO SANTA CRUZ (PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA)
Authors: Vetrisano Lucas
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo explora la variabilidad tecnológica que presenta el desbaste laminar en la cuenca media y superior del río Santa Cruz. La producción de artefactos laminares en el área de estudio ha formado parte de la discusión sobre distribución y circulación de poblaciones humanas, específicamente para el caso del Holoceno tardío. A pesar de la persistencia del tema, los autores que lo trabajaron emplearon distintos criterios tipológicos y tecnológicos. A continuación, se realiza un análisis tecnológico de núcleos con extracciones laminares recuperados en la cuenca, utilizando categorías de análisis artefactual acordes con las tipologías actuales. Esto permite abordar el problema trascendiendo las discrepancias presentes en la bibliografía en cuanto a la diversidad de definiciones utilizadas. El análisis tecnológico posibilita abordar la gran variabilidad existente entre los diferentes métodos de desbaste utilizados, que pueden dividirse en dos tipos. Un grupo de núcleos utilizados para la producción sistemática de soportes laminares -que implica mayores requisitos para la selección de la materia prima y mayor formatización de los núcleos-, mientras que un segundo grupo se limita a su obtención oportunística.
Supervisory sanctions, ESG practices, and banks’ reputation: A market performance analysis of sanctioned banks
Authors: Mango Fabiomassimo , Murè Pina , Cardi Mavie , Paccione Cosimo , Bittucci Lucilla
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices on banks’ reputation and market performance. In particular, we aim to analyse whether banks adopting ESG-compliant practices can reduce their reputational damage due to financial sanctions and increase their market performance. In order to demonstrate the effect of banks’ ESG practices in reducing reputational damage due to financial penalties imposed by supervisors for breaches of regulatory requirements, we analyze a sample of 21 banks — selected because of the availability of information on sanctions imposed by the supervisory authorities — by applying a pre-selection model based on the trend of historical returns. With reference to the selected sample, we verify the percentage of securities characterized by different levels of sanctions and different ESG scores. Overall, we find that ESG aspects have a positive impact on stock performance, although higher ESG scores do not, per se, mean a lower probability of sanctions. Differing from previous research, our study, by focusing on financial sanctions, provides useful insights concerning the ESG impact on both market performance and reputational aspects.
Earnings quality and trade credit in the Gulf Cooperation Council
Authors: AlHares Aws , Al-Mohannadi Ali , Abu-Asi Tarek , AlBaker Yousef , Al Malki Fatima
Published: July 2023

The primary concern of credit providers is the timely payment of obligations by clients, as most clients tend to pay their obligations late. To obtain accurate information from their buyers, credit providers need to rely on financial reporting or other information channels. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of earnings quality on trade credit, with a focus on the moderating role of accounting information comparability. We used Refinitiv Eikon and Fitch Connect databases to measure the variables. The study utilized financial information from 250 companies listed on the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), and six countries’ stock exchanges between 2016 and 2021 with 1500 firm-year observations. Panel data regression models were used to test the research hypotheses. This study aims to answer if earnings quality has an impact on trade credit and if the impact of earnings quality on trade credit is greater in companies with higher comparability than in companies with lower comparability. The findings revealed that earnings quality has a positive impact on trade credit. Moreover, the results suggested that an increase in accounting information comparability intensifies the effect of earnings quality on trade credit. This paper has repercussions for policymakers, investors, and business organizations. Importantly, our study reveals how higher levels of earnings quality lead to better trade credit practices.
T1-2 Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Endoscopic Laser Surgery vs Radiotherapy Experience in Mexico
Authors: Luna-Ortiz Kuauhyama , Villavicencio-Valencia Veronica , Luna-Peteuil Zelik , Garcia-Ortega Dorian Y. , Favila-Lira Saul , Villavicencio-Valencia Diana , Pasche Philippe
Published: July 2023

Objective: Radiotherapy and endoscopic laser surgery (ELS) has
been considered the primary treatment for laryngeal cancer. This study
aims to compare ESL and radiotherapy in terms of organ preservation,
disease-free survival, overall survival, and cancer-specific survival.
Methods: A retrospective study using database of T1-T2 glottic
cancer treated with radiotherapy and ELS. Disease-free survival, overall
survival and Cancer Specific Survival (CSS) for both groups according to
Kaplan-Meier. Results: 108 patients received radiotherapy and
98 patients underwent ELS were analyzed. . Organ preservation rate was
higher in the ELS group (88.8% vs 84.3%) p=NS. The percentage of
patients alive without disease was higher in the ELS group (85.7% vs
58.3%) (p< 0.00). The five-year General OS rates were 93%
and 91% in the ELS and radiotherapy group, respectively; while the
ten-year OS rates were 93% and 63%, respectively. The five-year and
ten-year OS rates for T1 and T2 (p=NS). Five-year CSS in the ELS and
radiotherapy group was, respectively, 86% and 85%, whereas ten-year
CSS was 83% and 50%, respectively (p=NS). A subanalysis of recurrent
cases was performed for both groups. Organ preservation was achieved in
71.1% of cases in the ELS group compared with 58% in the radiotherapy
group (p=0.23). Conclusion: T1 tumors should be exclusively
treated with ELS or open surgery, diagnosis and treatment can be
combined in a single surgical procedure. Before administering
radiotherapy, a diagnosis is needed. T2 tumors should be properly
selected for their management, and many approaches are available.. Organ
preservation is similar for both groups. Evidence level: 3
The BALM framework of clinical excellence: an adoptable model for sub-Saharan Africa.
Authors: Azeez Taoreed
Published: July 2023

Clinical excellence is the ability to provide rigorous, evidence-based,
and rewarding care to the right patients. The BALM (brilliance,
attitude, leadership, and materials) framework is a novel model for
adjudicating clinical excellence. There are a few models and frameworks
for evaluating clinical excellence, but each has its flaws and does not
consider the peculiarities of economically-challenged regions such as
sub-Saharan Africa. Coincidentally, such low-resource areas have an
urgent need for a framework to assess clinical excellence because of
their low health-related indices. The five-step mode of professional
excellence is a well-recognised tool and was the model upon which the
BALM framework was built. So, the BALM framework determines to what
extent, using the five-step stages of novice, advanced beginner,
competent, proficient, and expert, a clinician has achieved in each of
the four critical domains, namely brilliance, attitude, leadership and
materials. Therefore, a clinician, who strives for excellence, aims to
be an “expert” in each of the domains of the BALM framework. The
framework is concise, practical, easy to use, and multidimensional,
although it still needs to be applied widely to assess its
reproducibility.
Impacts of emerging infrastructure development on wildlife species and habitats in Tanzania
Authors: Ojija Fredrick , Swai Everlyn , Mwakalapa Eliezer , Mbije Nsajigwa
Published: July 2023

The loss of wildlife species due to habitat deterioration and pollution
represents the major threats to biodiversity conservation. This is
compounded by the rapid development of infrastructure i.e., the
expansion of roads, railways, harbours; construction of industries,
human settlements and agricultural infrastructure. A few studies have
explored the significant effects of emerging infrastructure development
on wildlife species and habitats particularly in developing countries
like Tanzania. We reviewed 58 research articles and reports, to
highlight the significant impacts of emerging infrastructure on both
aquatic and terrestrial species and habitats in Tanzania. We show that
despite the role it plays to the development, the infrastructure
contributes significantly to the loss of wildlife species. For instance,
avoidance, habitat loss, edge effects incursion, population, isolation,
road mortality, and increased human access are among the effects of
highway across the Serengeti, Mikumi, and Katavi National parks in
Tanzania. Effect of on health of aquatic species, pollution and loss of
habitat have been pointed out as impacts due to construction of hotels
and industries upstream and along the coasts, expansion of harbours and
agricultural activities. Environment effects i.e., reduction of forest,
ecosystem services, and riverine habitat, loss of species are
anticipated due to the construction of Stiegler’s Gorge Hydroelectric
Dam, across the Rufiji River in eastern Tanzania. Though infrastructure
development undoubtedly offers opportunities to boost economic growth
and reduce poverty in developing nations, it should be planned to have
the least possible negative effects on biodiversity. Well–planned
infrastructure development could lessen human pressure on wildlife
species and habitats. This paper would be useful to policymakers and
politicians in developing nations to avoid implementing infrastructure
in biodiversity–rich or protected areas as their decision may
jeopardize the integrity of wildlife species and future generations.
A multi-model ensemble of empirical and process-based models improves the predictive skill of near-term lake forecasts
Authors: Olsson Freya , Moore Tadhg , Carey Cayelan , Breef-Pilz Adrienne , Thomas R. Quinn
Published: July 2023

Water temperature forecasting in lakes and reservoirs is a valuable tool
to manage crucial freshwater resources in a changing and more variable
climate, but previous efforts have yet to identify an optimal modelling
approach. Here, we demonstrate the first multi-model ensemble (MME)
reservoir water temperature forecast, a forecasting method that combines
individual model strengths in a single forecasting framework. We
developed two MMEs: a three-model process-based MME and a five-model MME
that includes process-based and empirical models to forecast water
temperature profiles at a temperate drinking water reservoir. Our
results showed that the five-model MME improved forecast performance by
8-30% relative to individual models and the process-based MME, as
quantified using an aggregated probabilistic skill score. This increase
in performance was due to large improvements in forecast bias in the
five-model MME, despite increases in forecast uncertainty. High
correlation among the process-based models resulted in little
improvement in forecast performance in the process-based MME relative to
the individual process-based models. The utility of MMEs is highlighted
by two results: 1) no individual model performed best at every depth and
horizon (days in the future), and 2) MMEs avoided poor performances by
rarely producing the worst forecast for any single forecasted period
(<6% of the worst ranked forecasts over time). This work
presents an example of how existing models can be combined to improve
water temperature forecasting in lakes and reservoirs and discusses the
value of utilising MMEs, rather than individual models, in operational
forecasts.