bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of variation in donor platelet function on transfusion outcome: a semirandomized controlled trial
Authors: Kelly Anne M. , Garner Stephen F. , Foukaneli Theodora , Godec Thomas R. , Herbert Nina , Kahan Brennan C. , Deary Alison , Bakrania Lekha , Llewelyn Charlotte , Ouwehand Willem H. , Williamson Lorna M. , Cardigan Rebecca A.
Published: July 2017

Key Points

There is variation in platelet function between normal individuals, and this function is consistent within the same individual over time. The data from this study suggest that variation in donor platelet function does not affect the outcome of prophylactic transfusion.
Household labor supply and intermarriage of immigrants: differences by gender
Authors: Basu Sukanya
Published: July 2017

Intermarriage between a native and immigrant can affect the household’s supply of labor hours. Spouse selectivity on the basis of human capital, distribution of bargaining power, and labor supply coordination within the household can differ by type of marriage and gender of the immigrant—and, consequently, affect how spouses supply labor to the market. Using the 2010 American Community Survey, a household labor market specialization index is created. Raw two-limit Tobit estimates show lower specialization in intermarried households for both genders, compared to their intra-married counterparts. The finding for intermarried female households is reversed, and gender-based specialization increases, when controls for human capital are introduced. The role of immigrant education for both intermarried men and women is underscored—specialization differences, by type of marriage, are insignificant when the immigrant has post-college education. At lower levels of immigrant education, native spouses supply more market labor. Intermarriage may also skew bargaining power in favor of native husbands in immigrant female households.
Catholic Marriage and the Customs of the Country
Authors: Luria Keith P.
Published: July 2017

Catholic missionaries baptized thousands of Vietnamese in the seventeenth century. To strengthen identification with Catholicism, they encouraged converts to marry other Catholics and discouraged traditional polygyny and divorce. However, missionaries complained that Catholics continued to wed gentiles, that they divorced, and that men married multiple wives. So while missionaries celebrated large numbers of baptisms, they worried that they had failed to construct a strong boundary around their religious community. The problem was that their rules were socially disruptive. Even European Catholic countries, such as France, undermined ecclesiastical control of marriage to meet the imperatives of family formation and state building. So too in Vietnam Catholics claimed that, in marrying non-Catholics, practicing polygyny, and allowing divorce, they were only following their laws and the “customs of the country.”

Au dix-septième siècle, des milliers de Vietnamiens sont baptisés par les missionnaires catholiques. Afin de renforcer l'enracinement dans la foi catholique, ces derniers encouragent les nouveaux convertis à épouser d'autres catholiques, s'efforçant de décourager la polygamie et le divorce. Mais les catholiques continuent à épouser des non-catholiques, à divorcer, et les hommes à prendre plusieurs épouses. Malgré les très nombreux baptêmes célébrés, les missionnaires s'interrogent sur le succès de leur évangélisation. Les difficultés sont dues au fait que les règles qu'ils tentent d'instaurer vont à l'encontre des mœurs locales. Même les pays de tradition catholique, notamment la France, refusent de laisser à l'Eglise l'entière mainmise sur le mariage, qui peut être affaire d'Etat et touche à la préservation des lignées. De même, au Vietnam, les convertis déclarent qu'en épousant des non-catholiques, en pratiquant la polygamie et en permettant le divorce, ils ne font que suivre leurs lois et les « mœurs du pays ».
Lamins in the nuclear interior − life outside the lamina
Authors: Naetar Nana , Ferraioli Simona , Foisner Roland
Published: July 2017

Nuclear lamins are components of the peripheral lamina that define the mechanical properties of nuclei and tether heterochromatin to the periphery. A-type lamins localize also to the nuclear interior, but the regulation and specific functions of this nucleoplasmic lamin pool are poorly understood. In this Commentary, we summarize known pathways that are potentially involved in the localization and dynamic behavior of intranuclear lamins, including their post-translational modifications and interactions with nucleoplasmic proteins, such as lamina-associated polypeptide 2α (LAP2α; encoded by TMPO). In addition, new data suggest that lamins in the nuclear interior have an important role in chromatin regulation and gene expression through dynamic binding to both hetero- and euchromatic genomic regions and promoter subdomains, thereby affecting epigenetic pathways and chromatin accessibility. Nucleoplasmic lamins also have a role in spatial chromatin organization and may be involved in mechanosignaling. In view of this newly emerging concept, we propose that the previously reported cellular phenotypes in lamin-linked diseases are, at least in part, rooted in an impaired regulation and/or function of the nucleoplasmic lamin A/C pool.
Translational repression of the Drosophila nanos mRNA involves the RNA helicase Belle and RNA coating by Me31B and Trailer hitch
Authors: Götze Michael , Dufourt Jérémy , Ihling Christian , Rammelt Christiane , Pierson Stephanie , Sambrani Nagraj , Temme Claudia , Sinz Andrea , Simonelig Martine , Wahle Elmar
Published: July 2017

Translational repression of maternal mRNAs is an essential regulatory mechanism during early embryonic development. Repression of the Drosophila nanos mRNA, required for the formation of the anterior–posterior body axis, depends on the protein Smaug binding to two Smaug recognition elements (SREs) in the nanos 3′ UTR. In a comprehensive mass spectrometric analysis of the SRE-dependent repressor complex, we identified Smaug, Cup, Me31B, Trailer hitch, eIF4E, and PABPC, in agreement with earlier data. As a novel component, the RNA-dependent ATPase Belle (DDX3) was found, and its involvement in deadenylation and repression of nanos was confirmed in vivo. Smaug, Cup, and Belle bound stoichiometrically to the SREs, independently of RNA length. Binding of Me31B and Tral was also SRE-dependent, but their amounts were proportional to the length of the RNA and equimolar to each other. We suggest that “coating” of the RNA by a Me31B•Tral complex may be at the core of repression.
FEATURES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF RESPONSIBILITY OF THE DEPUTY AT THE PRESENT STAGE
Authors: Маркунин Роман , Markunin Roman
Published: July 2017

The article deals with the legal regulation of legal responsibility of deputies in the current Russian law. The current understanding of the free parliamentary mandate and the results of its anchoring in legislation. Particular attention is paid to recent changes in the law, which led to a significant revision of the duties and responsibilities of the people’s representatives. Further ways of improving the institute of responsibility and proposes concrete solutions to the existing problems in the sphere of regulation of the responsibility of the Council of Senators of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation are analyzed. In particular, it proposed to consolidate the right to a public authority of the subject of the Russian Federation to terminate the powers of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation senator on the grounds of loss of confidence. We study the question of the implementation of legal policy aimed at building a legal state and civil society. The conclusion about the need to rethink the position of deputy and senator and establish in law a specific list of grounds for the loss of the aforementioned subjects of their status is made.
Use of a project methodology for investigation of intrafficient conflictity of curvators and hearers of educational organizations of the MOI of Russia system
Authors: Новиков  , NOVIKOV IGOR
Published: July 2017

This paper is devoted to a comparative study of the level of intrapersonal conflicts between cadets and listeners of the Moscow regional branch of the Moscow University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia named after V.Ya. Kikotya. Comparative analysis was based on the projective methodology "Whatever bewitched me." In the article it is shown that unstable value orientations, inadequate motives for choosing a profession, external socio-psychological factors of professional intentions, "strategy of adaptive behavior" in professional activity, inadequately formed internal image of the profession serve as specific reasons for the emergence of intrapersonal conflicts among cadets and listeners.
Virtual investigative actions as a form of practical training
Authors: Лаврова  , Lavrova Oksana , Шведов  , Shvedov Evgeniy
Published: July 2017

The necessity to form a legal type of thinking for cadets and listeners of higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, to develop the ability to independently make procedural decisions in specific legal situations presupposes the teacher's search for new approaches to teaching, including practical testing of the theoretical knowledge obtained on conditionally-factual material. In this aspect, the participation of cadets and listeners in the production of virtual (educational) investigative actions in carrying out practical exercises on the academic disciplines of the criminal procedure cycle and criminology is advisable. Practical training in a virtual form will allow the teacher to demonstrate to the students the procedural order and stages of investigative actions, teach them a legal assessment of the initial factual situation, instill practical skills in the activities of the investigator, inquirer, and determine the level of theoretical training for cadets and listeners.
Malaria: diagnosis, treatment and management of a critically ill patient
Authors: Carter Chris , Mukonka Priscar Sakala
Published: July 2017

Malaria is a significant cause of mortality in many countries and remains the most prevalent parasitic tropical infection. The World Health Organization estimates that 50% of the world's population is at risk of malaria, with most deaths occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. This case study explores the management of a malaria patient admitted to a critical care unit in Zambia, a lower-middle-income country in sub-Saharan Africa. While malaria is prevalent in Zambia and other countries, in the UK all malaria is imported and less frequently seen by health professionals. This case study will raise the profile of malaria, including its recognition, diagnosis and treatment. This information will assist nurses in both low- and high-income countries to translate theory into practice and improve nurses' understanding of a condition rarely seen in UK critical care practice.
Mineral nutrition of lactating dairy cattle
Authors: Moorhouse Julia
Published: July 2017

Accurate mineral supplementation for all categories of stock on a dairy unit is essential for optimal health and productivity and to prevent toxicity from over-supplementation. This article will review the current recommendations on mineral supply for the lactating dairy herd with practical advice on supplementation strategies and outline the role which the practitioner can play in ensuring accurate supplementation in their client's herds.
Laboratory diagnosis of the endocrine causes of laminitis
Authors: Rendle David
Published: July 2017

Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) and/or pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) are identified in most horses with laminitis. In some cases of laminitis, a diagnosis of EMS or PPID is obvious from clinical signs but in others laboratory testing can be helpful to confirm the diagnosis, assess laminitis risk and monitor treatment responses. Laboratory methods for assessing PPID and EMS have their limitations but recent clinical research from a number of groups has resulted in advances — this article aims to summarise recent developments and how they can be applied in practice.
Obesity: New paradigms, interventions and treatments
Authors: Cook Debbie
Published: July 2017

The UK has the second highest prevalence of obesity in the world. This is recognised to be the consequences of poor lifestyle choices, maladaptation to the modern environment, genetics and high levels of inactivity, causing many people to become overweight and obese. The rising tide of obesity leads to increased levels of type 2 diabetes as well as a whole host of largely preventable chronic disease, such as sleep apnoea, depression, hypertension, cancer, periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. This article will focus on the context of obesity and current pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of this complex multi-system disease.
Variety and prescribing
Authors: Cox Ella
Published: July 2017

As no two clinics are the same in general practice, Ella Cox documented a morning in her role as a practice nurse to demonstrate the diversity of the job
Climate Change Impacts on Runoff, Sediment, and Nutrient Loads in an Agricultural Watershedin the Lower Mississippi River Basin
Authors: Yasarer L M.W. , Bingner R L , Garbrecht J D , Locke M A , Lizotte, Jr. R E , Momm H G , Busteed P R
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Projected climate change can impact various aspects of agricultural systems, including the nutrient and sediment loads exported from agricultural fields. This study evaluated the potential changes in runoff, sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus loads using projected climate estimates from 2041-2070 in the Beasley Lake watershed in Mississippi, USA, using the Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) pollution watershed model. For baseline conditions and model inputs an earlier validated simulation of the watershed was used with an event-based NSE of 0.81 for runoff and 0.54 for sediment without calibration. Fifteen global climate models (GCMs) for the climate change scenario RCP8.5 in Western Mississippi were used. Daily precipitation and air temperature were generated with the weather generator SYNTOR. Daily climate data derived from all 15 GCMS were used in AnnAGNPS simulations to generate ensemble projected loads, and climate data from four GCMs were used in simulations to assess the effectiveness of five different conservation practices for reducing projected loads. Predicted median annual-average pollutant loads increased by 9% to 12% with ensemble projected climate change. However, no-tillage and cover crop conservation practices were predicted to reduce pollutant loads from 20% to 75% below historical levels despite the impacts of climate change. This study suggests that greater implementation of conservation practices can be effective at mitigating water quality degradation associated with projected climate change. Keywords: AnnAGNPS, CMIP5, Soybean, SYNTOR, USDA-CEAP, Water quality.
Global Overview of Research and Development of Crop Residue Management Machinery
Authors: Zhang ZhiQiang , McHugh Allen David , Li HongWen , Ma ShaoChun , Wang QingJie , He Jin , Zheng Kan
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Crop residue retention has been recognized worldwide to improve soil structure and fertility, reduce pollution and erosion, and enhance soil water retention/conservation. However, some factors limit the widespread adoption of on-farm machinery that can appropriately manage in-field residue. Two key factors are the quality of residue chopping and spreading uniformity. This article initially summarized the research on blade design, blade arrangement and power consumption. The article classified residue management machinery into three types: single function, multiple function and harvester powered straw chopper/spreader. Single function straw chopper/spreader was further subdivided into four types, according to installation and movement modes of the chopping blade; multiple function straw chopper/spreader was subdivided into six types, according to function and location; harvester powered straw chopper/spreader was subdivided into three types, according to mounting position. To improve the chopped straw spreading uniformity, adding a blower fan and improving blade roller structure were proposed to increase the air velocity. Finally, the article proposed future directions for straw chopper/spreader development, including awareness raising of straw chopping and spreading mechanism, analysis of flow characteristics in the machine, development of straw chopping and spreading regulating device. Keywords: Chopping quality, Crop straw, Spreading uniformity, Straw chopper/spreader.
Design and Experiment of a Real-Time Droplet Accumulating Mass Measurement System
Authors: Sun Chengda , Qiu Wei , Ding Weimin , Gu Jiabing
Published: July 2017

Abstract. A system based on solution conductivity theory was developed to quickly measure the accumulating droplet mass of spray replications. The developed system consists of hardware and software. The hardware consists of a droplet collecting device, a solution conductivity meter, and a PC for data analysis. The software consists of data communication, processing, display, and storage modules. To provide a basis for the developed system, the relationship between the accumulating droplet mass and the solution conductivity was studied. The test results showed good correlation between the accumulating droplet mass and the solution conductivity, with a coefficient of determination of 0.99, and the corresponding regression equation was created using SPSS 20.0. A comparison experiment among the developed system, a droplet capture device, and paper cards was also conducted. The comparison test revealed that the relative error between the developed system and paper cards was less than 7.75%, and the droplet collection and recovery rates for the developed system were 84% and 91%, respectively, which indicated that the system had good precision. Next, the influences of spray parameters (air velocity, droplet size, and measurement direction), design parameters (inclined angle of droplet intercepting plate), and environmental factors (solution evaporation) on the measurement precision of the developed system were studied. The results showed that the developed system had good stability. Application tests were conducted in the field. The results showed that the developed system could continuously measure the droplet mass, quickly display the accumulating droplet mass for each spray replication, and reduce the experiment cost. It was concluded that a quick method to measure accumulating droplet mass was introduced. This system enables measurement of a large amount of data in experimental research of air-assisted spraying and provides a new method for studying air-assisted spray regulation. Keywords: Accumulating droplet mass, Solution conductivity, Quick measurement system.
Sand Transport and Abrasion within Simulated Standing Vegetation
Authors: Gonzales Howell B. , Casada Mark E. , Hagen Lawrence J. , Tatarko John , Maghirang Ronaldo G.
Published: July 2017

Abstract.

Crop residues help protect topsoil from depletion and abrasion due to wind erosion. Limited studies have focused on the type and orientation of canopies that help minimize the effects of erosion by wind. In this study, a series of wind tunnel experiments was conducted to measure sand transport and abrasion energies within simulated standing vegetation. Wind speed profiles, relative abrasion energies, and rates of sand discharge were evaluated during 3 min test runs at two different vegetation heights (150 and 220 mm) for each of three densities of simulated vegetation (i.e., 100 × 200 mm, 200 × 200 mm, and 300 × 200 mm spacing). Tests were also conducted for a bare sand surface. As expected, vegetation density was directly related to threshold velocity and inversely related to sand discharge. The densest configuration (i.e., 100 × 200 mm spacing) increased the threshold velocity of bare sand from 5.9 to 10 m s-1. The presence of vegetation was found to be effective in minimizing the abrasion experienced by the standing vegetation models by lowering the saltation of sand particles that could impact the simulated plants. The coefficient of abrasion (Can), a measure of kinetic energy via the impact of saltating particles, was affected by saltation discharge, although this did not depend on wind speed. The values of Can for all configurations were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the bare sand surface . Keywords: Abrasion energy, Sand discharge, Standing vegetation, Threshold wind velocity, Wind erosion.
A Process-Based Model for Cattle Manure Compost Windrows: Part 2. Model Performance and Application
Authors: Bonifacio Henry F. , Rotz C. Alan , Richard Tom L.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. A model was developed and incorporated into the Integrated Farm System Model (IFSM, v.4.3) that simulates important processes occurring during windrow composting of manure. The model, documented in an accompanying article, predicts changes in windrow properties and conditions and the resulting emissions of C and N. Our objective in this article was to evaluate the performance of the compost windrow model. Model predictions were compared to published data from an independent cattle manure composting study that characterized static (no turning) and turned windrows composted over a 188-day period. The model did very well in simulating C and N losses for the turned windrow treatment, with predicted and measured cumulative C losses of 78% and 77%, respectively, and cumulative N losses of 55% and 57%, respectively, by day 99 of composting. By day 188 of composting, predicted cumulative N loss (56%) differed from measured (58%) by 2 percentage points only, whereas predicted cumulative C loss matched the corresponding measured value (80%). For the static windrow treatment, the model also did well in simulating cumulative C loss by day 99, with a difference of 5 percentage points between predicted (50%) and measured (45%) values. On the other hand, there was a difference of 12 percentage points between predicted (31%) and measured (19%) cumulative N losses for the static windrow by day 99. This discrepancy in simulating N loss for the static windrow treatment was not surprising, as the NH3 biofiltration effect of the finished compost cover on the actual static windrow was not modeled. After simulating the turning of the static windrow treatment on day 99, predicted and measured cumulative N losses by day 188 were equal at 44%. With the compost windrow model as a component, IFSM can be used to evaluate gaseous emissions from composted manure as influenced by windrow management practices and environmental conditions, along with other aspects of performance, environmental impact, and economics of cattle feeding operations. Simulating different composting strategies showed that addition of dry material to the cattle manure at the start of composting and turning of the manure windrow during composting produced a more stable organic soil amendment but caused greater carbon and nitrogen losses. Keywords: Cattle manure, Composting, Emissions, IFSM, Process-based modeling.
Quantifying the Effects of Future Climate Conditions on Runoff, Sediment, and Chemical Losses at Different Watershed Sizes
Authors: Wallace Carlington W. , Flanagan Dennis C. , Engel Bernard A.
Published: July 2017

Abstract.

Quantifying the effects of climate change on watershed hydrology and agricultural chemical losses is imperative when developing appropriate management practices for agricultural watersheds. Agricultural management practices are often assessed at the watershed scale; therefore, understanding the influence of climate change at different watershed sizes can provide insight into the effectiveness of watershed management strategies. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and downscaled weather data generated using the MarkSim weather file generator were used to evaluate the potential impact of climate change in the hydrologically modified Cedar Creek (CCW), F34, AXL, and ALG watersheds located in northeastern Indiana. This study evaluated changes in surface flow, tile flow, sediment, and agricultural chemical losses based on an ensemble mean of the 17 general circulation models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). We found no clear evidence that watershed size had an impact on the simulation of climate change effects on discharge or nutrient losses. Results of this study indicated that predicted surface flow decreased significantly toward the end of this century (ranging from 9% in CCW to 22% in ALG), while predicted subsurface tile flow increased significantly (ranging from 20% in CCW to 26% in AXL). The percentage increases in predicted sediment loss for the CCW, AXL, and ALG watersheds were significant at a = 0.05, although the magnitudes of overall sediment losses were low, especially in the smaller monitored watersheds (F34, AXL, and ALG) in which several best management practices are implemented. Differences in predicted atrazine, soluble N, total N, and total P losses between the baseline period (1961-1990) and the end of this century were not significant for any of the watersheds, while increased predicted soluble P losses were only significant for the larger CCW and F34 watersheds. Keywords: Climate change, MarkSim, Surface flow, SWAT, Tile flow.
Mathematical Modeling of a Cross-Flow Rice Dryer
Authors: Prakash Bhagwati , Mukhopadhyay Sangeeta , Siebenmorgen Terry J.
Published: July 2017

Abstract.

Cross-flow dryers are the most popular industrial-scale rice dryers used in the U.S., yet few mathematical models have been developed and rigorously validated for such dryers. In addition, the glass transition states of rice kernels have never been predicted using a deep-bed drying model. In this study, a mathematical model was developed that describes the distribution of grain and air properties throughout a cross-flow dryer column. The model was validated by performing experiments in a lab dryer that was fabricated to simulate cross-flow drying. The model predictions of grain and air properties were observed to be very close to the measured values in the drying experiments; the root mean square error between the predicted and measured values of rice MC, air temperature, and air RH were less than one percentage point, 5°C, and ten percentage points, respectively. The model was then used to predict the glass transition state of starch present in rice kernels throughout the dryer column. The impact of initial MC on the glass transition states of rice kernels during cross-flow drying was also illustrated. Such predictions of rice kernel material states allow the model to be used for rice fissuring research. Additionally, the model could be applied to optimize drying operation parameters as well as improve dryer design, so as to achieve greater drying capacity, milling quality, and energy efficiency in a commercial drying operation. Keywords: Cross-flow drying, Glass transition, Mathematical model, Rice drying.
Effects of Curing Time on the Performance of Volcanic Scoria-Based Binder Concretes
Authors: Al-Swaidani A. M.
Published: July 2017

The objective of the presented paper is to investigate the performance of concrete containing volcanic scoria as cement replacement after 7, 28, 90, and 180 days curing. Five performance indicators have been studied. Compressive strength, water permeability, porosity, chloride penetrability, and reinforcement corrosion resistance have all been evaluated. Concrete specimens were produced with replacement levels ranging from 10 to 35%. Test results revealed that curing time had a large influence on all the examined performance indicators of scoria-based concrete. Water permeability, porosity, and chloride penetrability of scoria-based concrete mixes were much lower than that of plain concrete. Concretes produced with scoria-based binders also decelerated rebar corrosion, particularly after longer curing times. Furthermore, an estimation equation has been developed by the authors to predict the studied performance indicators, focusing on the curing time and the replacement level of volcanic scoria. SEM/EDX analysis has been reported as well.
Repair Welding of the Massive Cast
Authors: Bęczkowski R.
Published: July 2017

The rebuilding technologies are used to develop surface of ladle. Among many welding methods currently used to obtain surface layer without defects one of the most effective way of rebuilding is using metal arc welding. This additional material gives more possibilities to make expected quality of rebuild surface. Chemical composition, property and economic factors allow to use metal wire. Because of these reasons, solid wire gives opportunity to be wildly used as material to rebuild or repair the surface in different sectors of industry. The paper shows a few ways to rebuild the surface in the massive cast with the use of metal active gas welding for repair. The work presents studies of defect in the massive cast. It contains the pictures of microstructures and defects. The method of removing defects and the results of checking by visual and penetrant testing methods are shown. The paper describes the methodology of repair the ladle with metal active gas welding, preheating process and standards nondestructive testing method.
The Influence of Home Scrap on Mechanical Properties of MgAl9Zn1 Alloy Castings
Authors: Konopka Z. , Chojnacki A. C. , Lagiewka M. , Zyska A.
Published: July 2017

The work presents the results of examinations concerning the influence of various amounts of home scrap additions on the properties of castings made of MgAl9Zn1 alloy. The fraction of home scrap in the metal charge ranged from 0 to 100%. Castings were pressure cast by means of the hot-chamber pressure die casting machine under the industrial conditions in one of the domestic foundries. The examinations consisted in the determination of the following properties: tensile strength Rm, yield strength Rp0.2, and the unit elongation A5, all being measured during the static tensile test. Also, the hardness measurements were taken by the Brinell method. It was found that the mechanical properties (mainly the strength properties) are being improved up to the home scrap fraction of 50%. Their values were increased by about 30% over this range. Further rise in the home scrap content, however, brought a definite decrease in these properties. The unit elongation A5 exhibited continual decrease with an increase in the home scrap fraction in the metal charge. A large growth of hardness was noticed for the home scrap fraction increasing up to the value of 50%. Further increasing the home scrap percentage, however, did not result in a significant rise of the hardness value any more.
Compressive Strength of EN AC-44200 Based Composite Materials Strengthened with α-Al2O3 Particles
Authors: Kurzawa A. , Kaczmar J. W.
Published: July 2017

The paper presents results of compressive strength investigations of EN AC-44200 based aluminum alloy composite materials reinforced with aluminum oxide particles at ambient and at temperatures of 100, 200 and 250°C. They were manufactured by squeeze casting of the porous preforms made of α-Al2O3 particles with liquid aluminum alloy EN AC-44200. The composite materials were reinforced with preforms characterized by the porosities of 90, 80, 70 and 60 vol. %, thus the alumina content in the composite materials was 10, 20, 30 and 40 vol.%. The results of the compressive strength of manufactured materials were presented and basing on the microscopic observations the effect of the volume content of strengthening alumina particles on the cracking mechanisms during compression at indicated temperatures were shown and discussed. The highest compressive strength of 470 MPa at ambient temperature showed composite materials strengthened with 40 vol.% of α-Al2O3 particles.
Effect of Tempering Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Cast L35HM Steel
Authors: Zapała R. , Kalandyk B. , Wawro P.
Published: July 2017

A possibility to control the strength, hardness and ductility of the L35HM low-alloy structural cast steel by the applied tempering temperature is discussed in the paper. Tests were carried out on samples taken from the two randomly selected industrial melts. Heat treatment of the cast samples included quenching at 900 °C, cooling in an aqueous solution of polymer, and tempering at 600 and 650 °C. The obtained results showed that the difference in the tempering temperature equal to 50 °C can cause the difference of 121 MPa in the values of UTS and of 153 MPa in the values of 0.2%YS. For both melts tempered at 600 °C, the average values of UTS and 0.2%YS were equal to 995 MPa and 933 MPa, respectively. The values of EL and RA did not show any significant differences. Attention was drawn to large differences in strength and hardness observed between the melts tempered at 600 and 650 °C. Despite differences in the mechanical properties of the examined cast steel, the obtained results were superior to those specified by the standard.
A Queueing System with Heterogeneous Impatient Customers and Consumable Additional Items
Authors: Baek Janghyun , Dudina Olga , Kim Chesoong
Published: July 2017

A single-server queueing system with a marked Markovian arrival process of heterogeneous customers is considered. Type-1 customers have limited preemptive priority over type-2 customers. There is an infinite buffer for type-2 customers and no buffer for type-1 customers. There is also a finite buffer (stock) for consumable additional items (semi-products, half-stocks, etc.) which arrive according to the Markovian arrival process. Service of a customer requires a fixed number of consumable additional items depending on the type of the customer. The service time has a phase-type distribution depending on the type of the customer. Customers in the buffer are impatient and may leave the system without service after an exponentially distributed amount of waiting time. Aiming to minimize the loss probability of type-1 customers and maximize throughput of the system, a threshold strategy of admission to service of type-2 customers is offered. Service of type-2 customer can start only if the server is idle and the number of consumable additional items in the stock exceeds the fixed threshold. Stationary distributions of the system states and the waiting time are computed. In the numerical example, we show some interesting effects and illustrate a possibility of application of the presented results for solution of optimization problems.
Coal Mining and Post-Metallurgic Dumping Grounds and Their Connections with Exploitation of Raw Materials in the Region of Ruda Śląska
Authors: Jonczy Iwona , Gawor Łukasz
Published: July 2017

Characteristics of mining and metallurgical waste dumps in Ruda Śląska was presented in this article. Special attention was paid to the relationship of waste material accumulated on the dumps with resources exploited on studied area. The possibilities of dumps management were also traced and two directions were indicated. The first one is associated with forming a biological covering on the dumps and the second one - with the dumps liquidation and with recovery areas now occupied by the dumps and thus with the secondary use of material collected on them.
The Effect of Power Protection Equipment on Explosion Hazards and on the Reliability of Power Supply to Longwall Systems
Authors: Boron Sergiusz
Published: July 2017

Operational safety of electrical machines and equipment depends, inter alia, on the hazards resulting from their use and on the scope of applied protective measures. The use of insufficient protection against existing hazards leads to reduced operational safety, particularly under fault conditions. On the other hand, excessive (in relation to existing hazards) level of protection may compromise the reliability of power supply. This paper analyses the explosion hazard created by earth faults in longwall power supply systems and evaluates existing protection equipment from the viewpoint of its protective performance, particularly in the context of explosion hazards, and also assesses its effect on the reliability of power supply.
Rapid and Simple Method for the Extraction of Genomic DNA from Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Seedlings
Authors: Martinez Javier
Published: July 2017

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants are known to present high levels of secondary metabolites that increase with the plant age. Molecular biology techniques like restriction enzyme digestion and PCR, requires as pre-requisite the isolation of genomic DNA of suitable purity, good quality and with low levels of contaminants. Several methods to isolate pure and intact tobacco DNA for molecular research purposes have been developed. In this work, a combination between a tobacco seed germination technique using gibberellic acid and a fast and simple genomic DNA extraction method from 14-days old tobacco seedlings to reduce the secondary metabolites levels in the final samples was presented. Ten tobacco genotypes were used to evaluate this method. The DNA concentrations were in a range between 0.73 μg/μL to 1.47 μg/μL for Habana-2000 cv. and Criollo cv., respectively. The absorbance ratios values to determine DNA quality were acceptable. This method allows the obtaining of high molecular weight DNA suitable for digestion with restriction enzymes, EcoRI and BamHI. Tobacco seedlings DNA in a short period of time, in a simple way and with a low cost, was obtained with this extraction method.
Die Tradition des Textes und die Herausforderung der Daten
Authors: Degkwitz Andreas
Published: July 2017

Im Zuge der digitalen Transformation von Forschung, Lehre und Studium werden textorientierte Arbeitsformen zunehmend von datenbasierten Herangehensweisen abgelöst. Die sich damit verändernde Informationslogistik von Forschungsprozessen und Ergebnispräsentationen erfordert eine Neuausrichtung der bibliothekarischen Services. Denn die Dynamik datengetriebener, digitaler Prozesse bringt die Statik textgebundener, analoger Wissensarchitekturen ins Wanken. Mit den „Digital Humanities“ ist diese Entwicklung auch bei den Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften angekommen. Digitale Informationsinfrastrukturen verändern bestehende Forschungs- und Publikationskulturen und führen zu neuen Formen der Produktion und Präsentation von Wissen. Der Beitrag zeigt die Veränderungen und Wechselwirkungen auf, die sich aus dem Paradigmenwandel von „Texten“ zu „Daten“ ergeben.
Das frauen- und geschlechterspezifische Gedächtnis einer Universalbibliothek
Authors: Bittermann-Wille Christa , Jammernegg Lydia
Published: July 2017

In diesem Artikel wird die Österreichische Nationalbibliothek als wichtiger kultureller Gedächtnisort, auch für frauen- und genderspezifische Erinnerung, vorgestellt. Der erste Abschnitt verweist auf die wissenschaftliche Rezeption im Kontext Bibliothek und Geschlechterforschung, während der zweite Abschnitt einen Streifzug durch die symbolische und allegorische Frauenwelt der Hofbibliothek und ihrer Bestände unternimmt. Im dritten Abschnitt wird der Beitrag von Ariadne an der Aufarbeitung genderspezifischen Wissens am Beispiel der österreichischen historischen Frauenbewegung präsentiert.
Die Katalogisierung der Bücher der ehemaligen Fideikommissbibliothek des Hauses Habsburg-Lothringen an der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek
Authors: Ortner Michaela
Published: July 2017

Die Bücher der Fideikommissbibliothek, die sich in ihrer historischen Aufstellung seit 1921 an der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek befinden, wurden bis 2011 nur zu einem geringen Teil in den Bibliothekskatalog der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek eingepflegt. Ziel der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek ist es momentan, die Bestände der Bibliothek zur Recherche online verfügbar zu machen.
Diode laser irradiation in endodontic therapy through cycles: In vitro study
Authors: Trišić Dijana , Ćetenović Bojana , Jovanović Igor , Gjorgievska Elizabeta , Popović Branka , Marković Dejan
Published: July 2017

Background/Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of irradiation cycles and resting periods, on thermal effects on the external root surface during root canal irradiation of two diode laser systems (940 nm and 975 nm), at output powers of 1 W and 2 W in continuous mode. In previous studies the rising of temperature above 7°C has been reported as biologically accepted to avoid periodontal damage on the external root surface. Material and Methods: Twenty human inferior incisors were randomly distributed into four groups, the 940 nm, and the 975 nm diode laser irradiation, both with an output power of 1 W and 2 W, in continuous mode. The thermographic camera was used to detect temperature variations on the external root surface. Digital radiography of the samples was made. Results: After three cycles of irradiation, at apical third of the root, mean temperature variation by 940 nm diode laser irradiation was 2.88°C for output power of 1 W, and 6.52°C for output power of 2 W. The 975 nm laser caused a higher temperature increase in the apical region, with temperature variation of 13.56°C by an output power of 1 W, and 30.60°C at 2 W, with a statistical significance of p ≤ 0.0001 between two laser systems compared for the same power. The resting periods of 20 s between cycles were enough to lower temperature under 7°C in the case of 1 W and 2 W for 940 nm diode laser, while for 975 nm laser, after three irradiation cycles overheating occurred at both output power rates. Conclusion: Three cycles irradiation of 940 nm diode laser, with resting periods of 20 seconds, allowed safe usage of 1 W and 2 W in CW for endodontic treatment. For 975 nm at a power rate of 1 W, the last resting period drop the temperature near the safe limit and it came under 7°C in a period less than a minute, while at the power of 2 W the resting periods were not long enough for the safe temperature decrease.
China’s OBOR as a Geo-Functional Institutionalist Project
Authors: Kaplan Yilmaz
Published: July 2017

This study analyses the feasibility of China’s One Belt, One Road (OBOR) initiative from an institutionalist perspective. The initiative is undertaken as a ‘geo-functional institutionalist’ project, and this strengthens its feasibility. Firstly, the initiative aims to institutionalize a new international structure paralleling the existing Western-dominated one through which China could re-organize its position as an ‘agenda entrepreneur’ in the world without any clash with the West. Secondly, the initiative follows a functionalist strategy. It offers a ‘win-win’ functionalist framework without any hegemonic ambition; thus, the initiative attracts the attention of the rest of the world. China also follows a pure functionalist and bilateral/regional way to deal with the heterogeneity problem among the target countries. However, China’s institutionalization attempt might be isomorphic with the existing Western-dominated system in terms of its hegemonic structure due to the cognitive limitations in finding alternatives, and this might ruin the feasibility of the initiative.
Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Wheat Varieties as Influenced by Foliar Potassium under Drought Condition
Authors: Shah T. , Khan A.Z. , Numan M. , Ahmad W. , Zahoor M. , Ullah M. , Jalal A.
Published: July 2017

Water stress experienced by a wheat crop during growth is recognized to have accumulative effect stated as a decline in total biomass over well water potential. The yield and nutrient uptake performance of two wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) varieties (Pirsabak-2013 and Atta Habib) to foliar feeding of 2% potassium (K) at three various growth phases (Zadoks GS-22, Zadoks GS-60 and Zadoks GS-73) was explored under water restricted environment in a wire house trial at the Agriculture Research Station, Harichand, Charsadda. The target was to find out the preeminent K application stage for enhancement in the drought tolerance potential. Drought stress was generated by suppression of irrigation at the three growth phases and then K was sprayed with the carboxymethyl cellulose as a sticking agent, however Tween-20 was used as a surfactant for foliar spray. Data about several agronomic characters (plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant) of crop were documented via standard techniques. Moreover, at maturity, aboveground nitrogen, phosphorus, K, sodium and calcium uptakes by the crop were determined. The results point out that drought stress at all three acute growth phases unfavorably affected plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and nutrient uptake of the wheat plant. The exogenous K application under drought stress at all three acute growth phases boosted tolerance of wheat by decreasing noxious nutrient’s uptake and augmenting the yield and yield characters. In this concerns, both varieties exposed undeviating behavior. Extreme enhancement in all the documented yield parameters and nutrients uptake was attained when K was practiced at grain filling stage of both varieties.
Risk Factors for Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction in Euthyroid Women Prior to Pregnancy
Authors: Nonchev Boyan I. , Argatska Antoaneta V. , Pehlivanov Blagovest K. , Orbetzova Maria M.
Published: July 2017

Background:Thyroid dysfunction is common during the postpartum and the predisposing factors for its development are considered specific for the population studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for the occurrence of postpartum thyroid dysfunction (PPTD) in euthyroid women prior to pregnancy.

Materials and methods:Forty-five women with PPTD and 55 age-matched euthyroid postpartum women from Plovdiv, Bulgaria were included in the study. TSH, FT4, FT3, TPOAb, TgAb, TRAb were measured and ultrasound evaluation of the thyroid was performed in the first trimester of pregnancy and during the postpartum.

Results:The study found higher risk of developing PPTD in women with family history of thyroid disease (OR 4.42; 95% CI 1.87,10.43), smokers (OR 4.01; 95% CI 1.72,9.35), personal history of autoimmune thyroid disease (OR 5.37; 95% CI 1.15,28.53), positive TPOAb (OR 18.12; 95% CI 4.93,66.65) and thyroid US hypoechogenicity during early pregnancy (OR 6.39; 95% CI 2.53,16.12) and those who needed levothyroxine during pregnancy (OR 3.69; 95% CI 1.28,10.61). BMI before pregnancy was significantly lower in women with PPTD than in euthyroid postpartum women (22.80±0.55 vs 26.25±0.97, p=0.013). The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified as most important independent risk factors for PPTD occurrence the TPOAb positivity during early pregnancy, family history of thyroid disease, smoking and lower BMI before pregnancy.

Conclusion:Our data suggest that in the population studied several factors are associated with an increased risk of PPTD and screening for thyroid disorders among those women can be beneficial.