bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biochemical Estimations of Tetranychus urticae Koch Infested Marigold Leaves in Summer and Winter Seasons under Screen House and Field Conditions
Authors: Bamel Karuna , Gulati Rachna , Bamel Keshav
Published: December 2021

Background: African marigolds an important medicinal and ornamental plant is grown throughout the world. The two spotted red spider mite, Tetranychus urticae is one of the most destructive pests of the crop. Methods: Estimation of various minerals and stress measures of T. urticae infested and non infested leaves was performed in two seasons namely summer and winter under both screen house and field conditions. ANOVA was analysed under two factorial Completely Randomized Design. Mite population per leaf was correlated with each biochemical measures and statistical significance of data was analyzed. Result: Significantly lower nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium content was recorded in infested (2.01, 0.307, 1.509% dry weight) leaves as compared to uninfested leaves (2.93, 0.387, 1.874% dry weight) respectively. Summer season reported higher per cent loss in mineral content as compared to the winter season. The content of total phenol and proline was significantly more in infested leaves (18.75 mg/g, 57.07 µ/100 g) as compared to the uninfested leaves (11.42 mg/g and 47.50 µ/100 g). The per cent increase of phenol and proline ranged from (43.90 and 20.81%) in summer and (42.90 and 17.45%) in winter, respectively.
Toma de decisiones en la incertidumbre: técnicas y herramientas ante escenarios altamente desafiantes
Authors: Alfaro-Garcia Victor
Published: December 2021

Siendo una carta editorial no cuenta con abstract.
BUDAYA DALAM PERSPEKTIF DAKWAH (Studi Tentang Tradisi “Terbhangan Al-Hilal” di Dusun Tacempah Desa Plakpak Pegantenan Pamekasan)
Authors: HASANAH SITI NURUL
Published: December 2021

Terbhangan (hadrah) merupakan salah satu seni musik Islam yang masih dilestarikan di Dusun Tacempah Desa Plakpak hingga saat ini. Terbhangan di Dusun Tacempah khususnya terbhangan Al-Hilal ini berbeda dengan terbhangan yang ada di berbagai kota bahkan di berbagai belahan dunia. Perbedaan tersebut terletak pada semua yang terdapat pada terbhangan tersebut, baik dari pukulan terbhang dan jenisnya, gerakan tari yang dilakukan oleh penari beserta nama-namanya, hingga shalawat yang dibaca hadi. Namun, tidak dipungkiri ada persaman antara terbhangan Al-Hilal dan terbhangan lainnya. Selain perbedaan tersebut, ada makna simbolik yang terkandung di dalamnya sehingga akan menarik jika dikaji secara mendalam, seperti persoalan nilai-nilai dakwah dari keseluruhan tradisi terbhangan Al-Hilal dan makna simbolik dari gerakan tari yang dilakukan anggota penari.

Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka ada dua permasalahan yang menjadi kajian pokok dalam penelitian ini, yaitu; pertama, apakah nilai-nilai dakwah dalam tradisi terbhang Al-Hilal di Dusun Tacempah Desa Plakpak Pegantenan Pamekasan? kedua, apakah makna simbolik dari tradisi terbhangan Al-Hilal di Dusun Tacempah Desa Plakpak Pegantenan Pamekasan?. Dari rumusan masalah ini, akan dikuak makna-makna yang ada dalam keseluruhan terbhangan Al-Hilal juga nilai dakwah yang terkandung di dalamnya karena esinsi dari terbhangan adalah bagaimana masyarakat bisa mengetahui dan memahami makna dan nilai dakwah yang ada pada terbhangan Al-Hilal.

Secara metodologis, penggalian data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari wawancara secara mendalam, observasi partisipan pasif (pengamatan), dan analisis dokumentasi. Kemudian data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif etnografis dengan analisis semiotika teori Rolend Barthes. Dari pendekatan serta analisis tersebut dapat ditemukan beberapa hal sebagai berikut; pertama, Hasil penelitian lapangan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat banyak nilai dakwah dalam keseluruhan tradisi terbhang Al-Hilal. kedua, hampir keseluruhan gerakan tari dalan terbhangan Al-Hilal memiliki makna simbolik yang mendominasi makna tauhidiyah dan akhlak. Namun, tidak banyak yang mengetahui nilai-nilai dakwah dan makna simbolik yang ada pada tradisi terbhangan Al-Hilal baik dari anggota maupun masyarakat Dusun Tacempah Desa Plakpak Pegantenan Pamekasan.
Przyjęcie i odmowa przyjęcia do państwowego zasobu geodezyjnego i kartograficznego wyników zgłoszonych prac geodezyjnych — wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Janiak Piotr
Published: December 2021

Abstrakt: Artykuł 12b ustawy z dnia 17 maja 1989 roku — Prawo geodezyjne i kartograficzne reguluje procedurę przyjęcia wyników prac geodezyjnych do państwowego zasobu geodezyjnego i kartograficznego. Jej efektem może być przyjęcie opracowań do zasobu w formie czynności materialno-technicznej lub odmowa przyjęcia wyników prac do zasobu w formie decyzji administracyjnej. Taka konstrukcja normatywna wywołuje liczne problemy w praktyce stosowania prawa, związane między innymi z dopuszczalnością stosowania przepisów k.p.a., wszczęciem postępowania administracyjnego, przedmiotem sprawy administracyjnej czy też rodzajami rozstrzygnięć organu odwoławczego. Autor podejmuje próbę odpowiedzi na zasadnicze pytania, z którymi na co dzień muszą mierzyć się organy Służby Geodezyjnej i Kartograficznej.
Features of the development of teaching materials for the practical course of military translation in a civilian university
Authors: Shevchenko Mikhail A. , Gorobtsov Evgeny V. , Mitchell Lyudmila A.
Published: December 2021

It is known that the main difference between a military specialist and a civilian is the ability to work with military information. The main tool for the development of the comprehensive competence of a military linguist is the modeling of a kind of “virtual reality” that reflects the tasks of various types of translation activities. Accordingly, teachers are faced with the task of developing and improving cadets (students) of the basic translation skills and abilities in the field of military professional activities of military translators. In the preparation of military translators, a competence-based approach is used, which, in turn, determines the main requirement for university graduates – the ability to perform tasks of any complexity based on the knowledge gained during training. Based on the foregoing, it becomes obvious the need to develop a specialized teaching materials (TM) for the practical course of military translation. We cope with this task on the basis of the latest research in the field of methods of leading foreign language universities. Within the framework of the developed teaching materials, we implement a competence-based approach, since for full and high-quality preparation for the performance of specific job duties, the tasks of the complex must meet the goals and objectives of training, and its content must correspond to the list of competencies of a military linguist. The problems of training specialists in the field of military translation are outlined, the most important competences of military linguists are given, the criteria and aspects of the development of an teaching materials for a practical course of military translation are considered, the constituent elements of the teaching materials, stages of development of its content aimed at solving complex problems, and preparing the corresponding exercises.
The mission of the University in the conditions of a multicultural region
Authors:   Platov South Russian State Polytechnic University, Vodenko K.V. , Chernykh S.S. , Susimenko E.V.
Published: December 2021

The main goal of the presented article is to explicate the capabilities of a modern university to effectively pursue social policy in a multicultural region. The article examines the educational trends of recent years related to public demand and opportunities for the implementation of the third mission of the university. In this regard, attitudes towards communication, the practice of intellectual leisure and the active participation of universities in the creation of information networks were identified as the main educational trends. The article provides a description of socio-cultural markers that make it possible to speak with confidence about the criteria for identifying multicultural regions typical for Russia. The authors of the article draw attention to the need for universities to more actively participate in the formation of regional identities in order to ensure the cultural security of the country's residents. In conclusion, the article concludes that universities have a high potential to act as a resource for cultural stabilization and socialization in a multicultural region, that is, together with the state and civil society institutions, to implement programs aimed at harmonizing interethnic relations.
Training an engineer in the modern educational process (a social-philosophical opinion)
Authors:   Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN”, Shitov S.B.
Published: December 2021

This article analyzed the training a modern specialist-engineer for life and work in current conditions: digitalization of the economy, rapid change of production technologies and acceleration of scientific and technological progress. Today, a graduate of an institution of higher technical education should be not just a certified specialist, but a young person with experience in project activities, who understands how to create, develop and implement a project.
The Role of Interests in Social Management
Authors:   Lipetsk State Pedagogical P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky University, Karavaeva Yu.V.
Published: December 2021

This study analyzed the category of “interest” in the structure of the sociological theory and practice of modern management. The importance of interest in such a scientific field as the sociology of management is described and its role in the study of social management, considered as a specific sphere of human activity, is substantiated. As a result of the analysis, the place of interests in the activities of the subject of social management is revealed, characterized by the internal inconsistency of his interests and the need for their coordination. The importance of interests in the formation of the activity of the object of social management is determined and the main indicators of their state are described: social integration, cohesion, solidarity, social consensus. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the effectiveness of management decisions described both from the standpoint of the effectiveness of resource use and from the standpoint of achieving the goals of social management. The technological aspect of taking into account interests in the process of social management is considered, which manifests itself in the use of social technologies that contribute to the optimization of managerial influences. The article describes the importance of taking into account interests (personal, group, social) in the process of social technologization. The connection of interests with the methods and principles of social management reflecting the social essence of its social mechanism is explained. Among the principles, the most significant ones are considered from the perspective of taking into account interests: the principles of social orientation of management, humanization of management, consistency of personal and organizational goals, delegation of authority and management through the team.
Creation of the Project of the digital educational platform “My Format” for the educational environment in the Orenburg Region
Authors:   Municipal educational budget school “Suzanovsk medium educational school”, Pachar V.V. , Pachar E.I. , Pachar V.A.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the creation of the project of the digital educational platform “My format” on the territory of the Orenburg region. Currently, there is no such digital platform in the region, which leads to gaps in the interaction of participants in the educational process. The main idea of the project is to describe a digital platform created for students of schools, teachers, administration of educational institutions, parents of students, universities, colleges and NGOs in the Orenburg region. A digital educational platform should create an information space that will unite participants in the learning process. Each of the interested parties, thanks to the platform, can satisfy their needs. For example, students will have the opportunity of remote education, teachers will have access to methodological materials and information, school administration (representatives of employers, universities, etc.) the ability to carry out testing to control the level of knowledge of students. The authors of the article, in order to implement the proposed idea, created a model of the functioning of the “My Format” platform, identified the advantages and opportunities from its use by interested parties. During the work, possible risks (barriers) were identified, a roadmap (milestones) was prepared, and the main indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the project were identified. At the end of the article, the relevant conclusions are made, summarizing the results of the study.
Protest potential and protest activity of modern Russian youth: value dominants, dynamics and trends
Authors:   Russian Presidential academy of national economy and Public administration (RANEPA), Antoshin V.A. , Antoshin A.V. , Kolesnikova K.I. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: December 2021

This study analyzed the phenomenon of youth protest activity in modern Russia. The purpose of the work is to identify the specifics of the formation and development of the phenomenon of youth protest in the Russian Federation. Currently, there is an increase in social tension among young people, which is due to a large number of phenomena and factors. By analyzing the cases of protest activity in the Russian Federation over the past 10 years, their causes, mechanisms of organization, actors, stages, resources, and results have been identified in the dynamics. Based on the analysis of the results of sociological studies of protest activity of modern Russian youth and cases of protest activity, the article analyzes value orientations, dynamics and trends in the development of this phenomenon, presents concepts containing an analysis of the specifics of social protest, considers factors associated with the strengthening of various effects of the influence of digital communications on the political interaction of citizens and processes associated with the complexity of the nature and structure of political communication. Two structural levels of the system of social factors of protest behavior are identified: individual protest behavior and protest social movement, the most significant factors of protest social activity of young people are characterized. Based on the analysis of the results of a number of sociological studies devoted to the study of the role of digital communications on the protest social activity of Russian youth, it is concluded that the influence of digital networks on the political activity of citizens is increasing, while at present there is not a decrease in the civic activity of young people, but a change in the models of their participation in political events.
The birth and evolution of American elitology in the XX — early XXI century
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Khlynin A.P.
Published: December 2021

This study analyzed in details the genesis of American school of study of elites in the period from the middle of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century. In this case the author makes an attempt to classify the main phases of American elitology from the 40s of the 20th century. Based on an analysis of papers of well-known American sociologists and political scientists who study elites, the author states the main approaches in relation to the study of elites. Thus, in the 1940s, the dominant approach to understanding elites was the liberal-democratic, according to which access to the elites is open for everyone who has extra skills in different spheres of society. At the same time stands a technocratic approach, which define elite as a group of professional managers who form a new class of technocracy. In 50s–60s liberal-democratic approach has been criticized by left-wing approach. From this point, elite was defined as a narrow layer of financiers and persons, who are close to the president, and this layer is closed. In the 60s–70s, the most popular approach of studying elites was pluralism. According to which, elite has no monolithic origin — it is a complex of interconnected independent elites. From the beginning of the 70s, the basic principles of pluralism have been criticized by neoelitism, according to which the most elite representatives included in most elite groups simultaneously. The late 20th — early 21st century can be characterized in two ways: dispute between pluralists and neoelitists and attempts to operationalize the concept of elite.
Book Review: Ana Bocanegra-Valle (Ed.) (2020). Applied Linguistics and Knowledge Transfer. Employability, Internationalisation and Social Challenges. Bern: Peter Lang.
Authors: Catalina Lazarescu Raluca
Published: December 2021

Book Review: Ana Bocanegra-Valle (Ed.) (2020). Applied Linguistics and Knowledge Transfer. Employability, Internationalisation and Social Challenges. Bern: Peter Lang.
A VIVENTE QUE GERA VIDA: ANALOGIA ENTRE O CORPO FEMININO E OS MISTÉRIOS DA CRIAÇÃO
Authors: Bingemer Maria Clara Lucchetti
Published: December 2021

No presente artigo, se levanta a hipótese de que é possível pensar teologicamente a corporeidade da terra em analogia com a corporeidade da mulher. Em um primeiro momento, se critica alguns elementos dualistas que marcaram a linguagem teológica. Em seguida, se apresenta a teologia cristã da criação como processo que inclui a perspectiva de gênero; depois, se reflete sobre a terra como corpo da criação. Passa-se, em seguida, a examinar a corporeidade da mulher em dois sentidos: sua abertura e receptividade e sua capacidade de repartir-se e distribuir-se para alimentar a outros. O texto evolui na direção de afirmar que essa analogia pode gerar uma mística e uma ética: permite contemplar o mistério da terra e do feminino ao mesmo tempo em que reverencia e protege sua vulnerabilidade; privilegia o cuidado da vida e a volta à casa materna e comum que é a terra. Nessa última parte do texto, se trabalha com alguns extratos de textos da filósofa e mística francesa Simone Weil. A conclusão levanta algumas pistas teológicas para a superação do antropocentrismo que tem agredido a terra e a mulher neste momento histórico.
Comparison of forecasting accuracy for Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) and Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves (CCEW) using Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and ERA-Interim precipitation forecast data for Indonesia
Authors: Pramuwardani Ida , Hartono  , Sunarto  , Sopaheluwakan Arhasena
Published: December 2021

Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and ERA-Interim forecast data analyzed using second-order autoregressive AR(2) and space-time-spectra analysis methods (respectively) revealed contrasting results for predicting Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) and Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves (CCEW) phenomena over Indonesia. This research used the same 13-year series of daily TRMM 3B42 V7 derived datasets and ERA-Interim reanalysis model datasets from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for precipitation forecasts. Three years (2016 to 2018) of the filtered 3B42 and ERA-Interim forecast data was then used to evaluate forecast accuracy by looking at correlation coefficients for forecast leads from day +1 through day +7. The results revealed that rainfall estimation data from 3B42 provides better results for the shorter forecast leads, particularly for MJO, equatorial Rossby (ER), mixed Rossby-gravity (MRG), and inertia-gravity phenomena in zonal wavenumber 1 (IG1), but gives poor correlation for Kelvin waves for all forecast leads. A consistent correlation for all waves was achieved from the filtered ERA-Interim precipitation forecast model, and although this was quite weak for the first forecast leads it did not reach a negative correlation in the later forecast leads except for IG1. Furthermore, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was also calculated to complement forecasting skills for both data sources, with the result that residual RMSE for the filtered ERA-Interim precipitation forecast was quite small during all forecast leads and for all wave types. These findings prove that the ERA-Interim precipitation forecast model remains an adequate precipitation model in the tropics for MJO and CCEW forecasting, specifically for Indonesia.
A breviary of Earth’s climate changes using Stephan-Boltzmann law
Authors: Murray Tortarolo Guillermo Nicolás
Published: December 2021

Earth’s surface temperature oscillated greatly throughout time. From near congelation during “snowball Earth” 2.9Gya to an ice-free world in the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal maximum 55Mya. These changes have been forced by internal (e.g. changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere) or external (e.g. changes in solar luminosity) drivers that varied through time. Thus, if we understand how the radiation budget evolved in different times, we can closely calculate past global climate; a fundamental comparison to situate current climate change in the context Earth’s history. Here I present an analytical framework employing a simple energy balance derived from the Stephan-Boltzmann law, that allows for quick comparison between drivers of global temperature and at multiple moments in the history of our planet. My results show that current rates of increase in global temperature are at least four times faster than any previous warming event.
Geocoding and spatio-temporal modeling of long-term PM2.5 and NO2 exposure: the Mexican Teachers´ Cohort
Authors: CERVANTES-MARTINEZ KARLA , RIOJAS-RODRÍGUEZ HORACIO , DÍAZ-AVALOS CARLOS , MORENO-MACÍAS HORTENSIA , LÓPEZ-RIDAURA RUY , STERN DALIA , ACOSTA-MONTES JORGE OCTAVIO , TEXCALAC-SANGRADOR JOSÉ LUIS
Published: December 2021

Epidemiological studies on air pollution in Mexico often use the environmental concentrations of pollutants as measured by monitors closest to the home of participants as exposure proxies, yet this approach does not account for the space gradients of pollutants and ignores intra-city human mobility. This study aimed to develop high-resolution spatial and temporal models for predicting long-term exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 in ~16,500 participants from the Mexican Teachers’ Cohort study. We geocoded the home and work addresses of participants, and used secondary source information on geographical and meteorological variables as well as other pollutants to fit two generalized additive models capable of predicting monthly PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations during the 2004-2019 period. Both models were evaluated through 10-fold cross-validation, and showed high predictive accuracy with out-of-sample data and no overfitting (CV-RMSE=0.102 for PM2.5 and CV-RMSE=4.497 for NO2). Participants were exposed to a monthly average of 24.38 (6.78) mg/m3 of PM2.5 and 28.21 (8.00) ppb of NO2 during the study period. These models offer a promising alternative for estimating PM2.5 and NO2 exposure with high spatio-temporal resolution for epidemiological studies in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area.
YEMEN'S POST-ARAB SPRING CONFLICT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE ECONOMY, POLITICS, AND SAUDI ARABIA'S INFLUENCE IN THE MIDDLE EAST
Authors: Masyhur Ahmad
Published: December 2021

The ongoing war between the Saudi Arabian coalition and the Houthis has had a significant impact. The participation of Saudi Arabia and its coalition in the middle of the Yemen conflict has a pretext to save the democratically elected official government; however, some argue that Saudi Arabia's participation is more of a sectarian issue. The conflict that is still raging in Yemen at this time is considered very interesting to conduct research, in order to find the true background of the participation of Saudi Arabia and its coalition. Is it true that Saudi Arabia's participation was motivated by a desire to save the official government deposed by the Houthis, or is there another motive at work that is in the best interests of Saudi Arabia and its coalition, such as economic, political, or ideological influence?. In this article the researcher uses a qualitative descriptive methodology, qualitative descriptive research in this study will be carried out with several stages including raising a problem, raising research questions, collecting relevant data, analyzing data, and answering research questions. In the investigation, it was found that Saudi Arabia's participation in the Yemeni conflict was inseparable from political, influence and economic interests. Because of the reality that occurred from Saudi Arabia's contradictory attitude toward the Syrian conflict.
ANALYZING THE TRANSLATION OF INDONESIAN CULTURAL TERMS IN NOVEL ‘TARIAN BUMI’ TRANSLATED INTO ‘EARTH DANCE’
Authors: Murti Eka
Published: December 2021

This research aims to obtain a deeper understanding of the Indonesian cultural terms in the novel Tarian Bumi and their translation into English, Earth Dance. This research focuses on the use of translation strategies, equivalences, errors, and factors affecting the errors. It uses a qualitative approach with the content analysis method. Both of the novels were read to find data. The collected data was divided, analyzed, and compared with their translation. The data analysis and explanation indicate that the strategy used in the translation of the cultural terms is a translation procedure amounted to 11 procedures, couplets and triplets are also used. The translation is oriented towards the source language because the translator often used procedures and equivalence oriented to the source language. The result of this research is also to look for translation errors of cultural terms and factors affecting the errors and to find how to solve them. It is caused by knowledge of the translator and different cultures. This research will give some benefits for those who are interested in studying the translation theory and other students who want to research Indonesian cultural terms translated into English.
APPLICATION OF THEO VAN LEEUWEN'S CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS IN LIPUTAN6.COM NEWS ON THE DISSOLUTION OF BSNP
Authors: Mubasyira Mu'thia Mubasyira , Yumna Rasyid  , Miftahulkhairah Anwar
Published: December 2021

The study was conducted with the aim of analyzing and discussing the use of language in the text of the news discourse on the liputan6.com page on the dissolution of the BSNP (National Education Standards Agency) which was published on September 3, 2021 using the framework of Theo Van Leeuwen's critical discourse analysis model. This research is qualitative research that uses descriptive methods. The data taken in this study uses content analysis. In addition, this research also refers to the study of literature in the form of journals, books and other literature so that a comprehensive and holistic discussion of the research topics raised is obtained. The results of the discussion obtained from this study are based on the category of exclusion and inclusion strategies according to Theo Van Leeuwen. Categories of exclusion strategies include pasivation, nominalization and replacement of sentence clauses while inclusion strategy categories include differentiation-inference, objectivation-abstraction, nomination-categorization, nomination-identification, determination-indetermination, assimilation-individualization and association-dissociation. With an analysis of the use of this category of exclusion and inclusion strategies, audiences can understand how the emphasis of marginalized actors, actors who are championed and power relationships on the process marginalizes or fights for these aspects.
PROJECT-BASED LEARNING AND OLSI (OWN IT, LEARN IT, SHARE IT) MODEL IN THE ARABIC LANGUAGE LEARNING MEDIA COURSE
Authors: Marzuq Ahmad , Lustiyantie Ninuk , Chaeruman Uwes , Bahtiar Ihwan Rahman , Zulharby Puti
Published: December 2021

This article aims to describe the application of learning the Arabic Language Learning Media course that combines blended-learning, project-based learning and the OLSi Model (Own it, Learn it and Share it). The learning outcomes of this course is the ability of students to design learning media in accordance with the material and learning objectives set out in the lesson plan. Blended-learning is combined to adapt to the conditions of distance learning carried out during the covid-19 pandemic. Project-based learning is expected to encourage students to produce good learning media products. The Own it, Learn it and Share it (OLSi) model aims to foster a sense of belonging in students towards the course, encourage independent learning processes and produce certain products that can be shared with others outside the classroom. Mixed learning, project-based learning and the OLSi model are quite effective in increasing students' motivation, sense of belonging and responsibility in achieving the learning objectives of the Arabic Language Learning Media course.
Feasibility of Machine Learning and Logistic Regression Algorithms to Predict Outcome in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery
Authors: Oosterhoff Jacobien H.F. , Gravesteijn Benjamin Y. , Karhade Aditya V. , Jaarsma Ruurd L. , Kerkhoffs Gino M.M.J. , Ring David , Schwab Joseph H. , Steyerberg Ewout W. , Doornberg Job N. ,   the Machine Learning Consortium
Published: December 2021

Background:

Statistical models using machine learning (ML) have the potential for more accurate estimates of the probability of binary events than logistic regression. The present study used existing data sets from large musculoskeletal trauma trials to address the following study questions: (1) Do ML models produce better probability estimates than logistic regression models? (2) Are ML models influenced by different variables than logistic regression models?

Methods:

We created ML and logistic regression models that estimated the probability of a specific fracture (posterior malleolar involvement in distal spiral tibial shaft and ankle fractures, scaphoid fracture, and distal radial fracture) or adverse event (subsequent surgery [after distal biceps repair or tibial shaft fracture], surgical site infection, and postoperative delirium) using 9 data sets from published musculoskeletal trauma studies. Each data set was split into training (80%) and test (20%) subsets. Fivefold cross-validation of the training set was used to develop the ML models. The best-performing model was then assessed in the independent testing data. Performance was assessed by (1) discrimination (c-statistic), (2) calibration (slope and intercept), and (3) overall performance (Brier score).

Results:

The mean c-statistic was 0.01 higher for the logistic regression models compared with the best ML models for each data set (range, −0.01 to 0.06). There were fewer variables strongly associated with variation in the ML models, and many were dissimilar from those in the logistic regression models.

Conclusions:

The observation that ML models produce probability estimates comparable with logistic regression models for binary events in musculoskeletal trauma suggests that their benefit may be limited in this context.
Trends of Obesity Rates Between Patients Undergoing Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty and the General Population from 2013 to 2020
Authors: Muthusamy Nishanth , Singh Vivek , Sicat Chelsea S. , Rozell Joshua C. , Lajam Claudette M. , Schwarzkopf Ran
Published: December 2021

Background:

Obesity is a recognized risk factor for severe knee osteoarthritis. However, it remains unclear how obesity prevalence trends in the current population undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) compare with those seen in individuals not undergoing this procedure. In this study, we assessed the yearly trends in body mass index (BMI) and obesity rates between patients who have undergone primary TKA and those in the general population.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed all patients ≥18 years of age from January 2013 through December 2020 who underwent primary, elective TKA and those who had an annual routine physical examination at our institution within the same period. Baseline demographic characteristics were collected. The independent samples t test was used to compare means and the chi-square test was used to compare proportions between the 2 cohorts, and a linear regression was used to determine the significance of the yearly trends.

Results:

A total of 11,333 patients who underwent primary TKA and 1,158,168 patients who underwent an annual physical examination were included in this study. After adjusting for age, we found the mean BMI for the TKA group to be significantly greater (p < 0.001) every year compared with the annual physicals group. The proportion of patients who were categorized into any obesity class (BMI, ≥30 kg/m2), Class-I obesity (BMI, 30 to 34.9 kg/m2), Class-II obesity (BMI, 35 to 39.9 kg/m2), and Class-III obesity (BMI, ≥40 kg/m2) was significantly higher for the TKA group each year compared with the annual physicals group. An analysis of trends over time showed a significantly increasing trend (p < 0.001) in BMI and obesity rates for the annual physicals group, but a stable trend for patients undergoing TKA.

Conclusions:

Patients who underwent TKA continued to have higher BMI than the general population, which showed a steady increase over time. Physicians need to continue in their efforts to educate patients on weight management and healthy lifestyles to potentially delay the need for a surgical procedure.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A Paradigm Shift in Osteonecrosis Treatment with Bisphosphonates
Authors: D(Orth) Sanjay Agarwala , Vijayvargiya Mayank
Published: December 2021

Background:

Bisphosphonates are proven to be effective in obviating the need for surgical intervention in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, the late onset of pain relief hampers compliance. We present the clinical and radiographic outcome of a combination therapy compared with alendronate-only therapy for the management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Methods:

The data of patients diagnosed with osteonecrosis of the femoral head from January 2001 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The first group, the alendronate treatment group, comprised 432 hips (358 patients) diagnosed from January 2001 to January 2009 and treated with 10-mg oral alendronate daily for 3 years. The second group, the combination treatment group, comprised 442 hips (386 patients) diagnosed from February 2009 to January 2017 and treated with a combination therapy of 35-mg oral alendronate twice weekly and 5-mg intravenous zoledronic acid once annually for 3 years. Clinical assessment was performed using the Harris hip score, the visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, and the clinical failure rate. Radiographic assessment was performed for progression and collapse.

Results:

In the alendronate treatment group, at a mean follow-up of 129.6 months (range, 60 to 220 months), 74.5% did not require a surgical procedure, and, in the combination treatment group, at a mean follow-up of 69 months (range, 37 to 105 months), 88.9% did not require a surgical procedure. The clinical failure rate at 3 years was 4% for stage I, 11% for stage II, and 29% for stage III in the alendronate treatment group, and it was 5% for stage I, 9% for stage II, and 32% for stage III in the combination treatment group. Patients in the combination treatment group had a significantly better improvement in VAS score at 6 weeks (from 7.10 to 3.66) compared with patients in the alendronate treatment group (from 7.93 to 7.00).

Conclusions:

Our study shows that both oral alendronate-only therapy and bisphosphonate combination therapy retard the progression of disease, reduce the rate of collapse, and, hence, reduce the need for joint replacement surgery. However, bisphosphonate combination therapy offers earlier improvement in pain and functional scores compared with oral alendronate therapy only.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
PREVALENCE OF DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS IN AN URBAN DISTRICT OF JHANG (PUNJAB) PAKISTAN
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Shoaib
Published: December 2021

he diabetic complications have become a world health problem. They prevail throughout the world but their percentages differ in different areas due to cultural influences. Therefore, we have determined prevalence of complications of diabetes in the rural population of district Jhang (Pakistan). For this purpose, a performa was developed and information was collected from two hundred and ten (210) diabetic patients about their age, sex, height, socioeconomic status, educational status, type of diabetes, duration of diabetes, age at diagnosis, blood pressure and blood sugar levels ( fasting and random) and the symptoms of diabetes.
CONSTRUCCIONES COMUNICATIVAS EN LOS TEXTOS ESCRITOS: ESTUDIO DE LOS VERBA DICENDI
Authors: LENDÍNEZ ROBAYO MARÍA DEL ROSARIO
Published: December 2021

Por definición, el hombre es un ser social que interrelaciona con sus iguales ya sea por necesidad como por afición, lo cual determina sus relaciones con el grupo y le va dando forma al mismo. El modo en que se expresa esta comunicación es de vital importancia para la comunidad educativa en cuanto a que la adquisición de los conocimientos y la transmisión de los mismos, viene determinada por el modo en que se expresan en los textos escritos, y esto es aunmás relevante en el ámbito literario.
Mi objetivo en este artículo es estudiar los principales planteamientos a la hora de expresar la comunicación, con la utilización de diferentes tipos de verbos incluyendo las formas lingüísticas, los procedimientos discursivos de la expresión y los tipos de actividades comunicativas. Para ello, he estudiado las construcciones con y sin verba dicendi recogidas en corpus del idioma español y del inglés, como son la base de datos online CREA (Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual de la Real Academia Española) y BNC (Corpus Nacional Británico de los servicios informáticos de la Universidad de Oxford), y las construcciones que aparecen en diferentes publicaciones, novelas, etc, escritas en ambos idiomas, para establecer las pertinentes comparaciones entre los usos de unos y otros.
Mi interés se centra principalmente en la construcción comunicativa, la cual presupone la interacción con los demás, y lo que trato de determinar es con qué frecuencia suceden estas construcciones, ¿es común o son casos aislados?
LA FORMACIÓN DE LOS PROFESIONALES DEL HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO REINA SOFÍA EN EL ABORDAJE DE LA VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO
Authors: Armenteros-Ortiz Pedro J. , Constenla Ramos Sara , Requena Jiménez Ascensión
Published: December 2021

Este artículo presenta un estudio realizado en la Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Urgencias del Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba (España) en relación con el abordaje o actuación sanitaria ante la violencia de género. Su finalidad ha sido conocer, desde la percepción del personal sanitario de esta unidad, su concepción sobre la violencia de género como un problema de salud, la formación que poseen y la información sobre los recursos de los que disponen para intervenir ante un posible caso de violencia de género. La muestra ha estado compuesta por un total de 251 profesionales que trabajan en esta unidad de Urgencias, de las siguientes categorías profesionales: Medicina-FEA, Medicina-Residente, Enfermería, Auxiliar de Enfermería y Celadores. Entre las principales conclusiones se destaca que la violencia de género es considerada un problema de salud para todos los participantes, y es fundamental la detección de los posibles casos y la asistencia adecuada a las víctimas que debe reforzarse con una formación adecuada y la colaboración de todos los profesionales.
VISIBILIZACIÓN DE LA LITERATURA INTERCULTURAL DE AUTORAS MIGRANTES A TRAVÉS DE LA TRADUCCIÓN
Authors: Díaz Alarcón Soledad , Castillo Bernal María Pilar , Rodríguez Muñoz María Luisa
Published: December 2021

La llamada literatura de migrantes o intercultural se ha consolidado especialmente en Europa en los últimos 70 años (Chiellino, 2015; Neelsen, 2018). Está conformada por escritores migrantes que publican en el idioma y el país de destino y, por ello, presentan una serie de particularidades transnacionales e interculturales tanto desde el punto de vista de los motivos como del lenguaje. En este conjunto, la literatura de mujeres migrantes está notablemente infraestudiada y sus traducciones son escasas (Quijada, 2019), a pesar del interés del enfoque de género en este ámbito (Von Flotow, 2000). Para paliar estas lagunas, los objetivos del presente trabajo son dar a conocer las novelas de autoras migrantes en inglés, francés y alemán y aplicarlas en el aula de traducción con un enfoque intercultural y de género. La metodología propuesta se basa en la traducción y el análisis de los textos al español, así como en el descubrimiento de las autoras a través de entrevistas y declaraciones por parte de los estudiantes de la asignatura Traducción Literaria en el Grado de Traducción e Interpretación de la Universidad de Córdoba. Como estudio de caso exponemos la aplicación didáctica de la novela Kiffe kiffe demain de Faïza Guène (2004), autora francesa de origen argelino. Para ello, partimos de las opiniones reales de escritoras y periodistas sobre diversidad cultural, de la reflexión sobre la búsqueda identitaria y los posicionamientos de protagonistas femeninas en la literatura contemporánea de autoras de segunda generación, así como de la doble segregación de la mujer francesa de origen magrebí, por su rol de mujer y su ascendencia africana. Asimismo, proponemos la traducción de una selección de capítulos de esta novela al español para facilitar la comprensión de la hibridez y la multiculturalidad expresada en una lengua mestiza que combina argot, préstamos árabes y registro de la periferia. La corrección de las traducciones y las opiniones de los alumnos recogidas en dos foros habilitados en Moodle desprenden que la traducción favorece la toma de conciencia del sentir de este colectivo, ayuda a la comprensión de su minoración y traslada sus reivindicaciones a otros espacios y otras culturas.
Benlik Saygısı, Yaşam Doyumu ve Akademik Başarı Arasındaki İlişki: Lojistik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÇETİNCELİ Koray , ACAR Ömer Faruk
Published: December 2021

Araştırmada lojistik öğrencilerinin sahip olduğu benlik saygısının yaşam doyumlarına ve akademik başarılarına olan etkisi ile bu etkide cinsiyetin düzenleyici rolünün tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla önlisans düzeyi lojistik bölümünde okuyan 278 öğrenciden çevrimiçi anket yöntemi ile veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmada Rosenberg (1963) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği’nin alt boyutlarından olan “benlik saygısı” ölçeği, Diener, Emmons, Larsen ve Griffen (1985) tarafından geliştirilen “Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği” ve akademik performansı ölçmek amacıyla öğrencilerin genel not ortalamalarından yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan korelasyon analizi neticelerine bakıldığında öğrencilerin benlik saygıları ile yaşam doyumu ve akademik başarıları arasında pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı ilişkilerin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Oluşturulan model çerçevesinde kurulan yapısal eşitlik modeli sonuçlarına göre öğrencilerin benlik saygılarının yaşam doyumu ve akademik başarılarına pozitif yönlü bir etkisinin olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca cinsiyetin benlik saygısı ve yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkide düzenleyici rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar önceki araştırmalardan edinilen bulgular ışığında tartışılmıştır.
Implementation of Medicines Pricing Policies In Sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic Review
Authors: Koduah Augustina , Baatiema Leonard , de Chavez Anna Cronin , Danso-Appiah Anthony , Kretchy Irene A , Agyepong Irene Akua , King Natalie , Ensor Tim , Mirzoev Tolib
Published: December 2021

Background: High medicine prices contribute to increasing cost of healthcare worldwide. Many patients with limited resources in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), are confronted with out-of-pocket charges, constraining their access to medicines. Different medicine pricing policies are implemented to improve affordability and availability. However, evidence on the experiences of implementations of these policies in SSA settings appears limited. To bridge this knowledge gap, we reviewed published evidence and answered the question: what are the key determinants of implementation of medicines pricing policies in SSA countries? Methods: We identified policies, examined implementation processes, key actors involved, contextual influences on and impact of these policies. We searched five databases and grey literature; screening was done in two stages following clear inclusion criteria. A structured template guided the data extraction and data analysis followed thematic narrative synthesis. The review followed best practices and reported using PRISMA guidelines.Results: Of the 5595 studies identified, 32 met the inclusion criteria. The results showed fourteen pricing policies were implemented across SSA between 2003 and 2020. These were in four domains: targeted public subsides, regulatory frameworks and direct price control, generic medicine policies and purchasing policies. Main actors involved were government, wholesalers, manufacturers, retailers, professional bodies, community members and private and public health facilities. Key contextual barriers to implementation were: limited awareness about policies, lack of regulatory capacity, and lack of price transparency in external reference pricing process. Key facilitators were: favourable policy environment on essential medicines, strong political will, and international support. Evidence on effectiveness of these policies on reducing prices of, and improving access to, medicines were mixed. Reductions in prices were reported occasionally and implementation of medicine pricing policy sometimes led to improved availability and affordability to essential medicines.Conclusions: Implementation of medicine pricing policies in SSA shows some mixed evidence of improved availability and affordability to essential medicines. It is important to understand country-specific experiences, diversity of policy actors and contextual barriers and facilitators to policy implementation. Our study suggests three policy implications: avoiding ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach, engaging both private and public sector policy actors in policy implementation and continuously monitor implementation and effects of policies. Systematic review protocol registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42020178166.