bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Uniqueness of Japanese Passive Voice -A New Approach to Understanding Japanese Passive Voice-
Authors: Sarjani Andi Irma
Published: November 2021

Japanese passive sentences structurally include “direct passive sentences” which have their equivalent in active sentences, and “indirect passive sentences” which have no equivalent in active sentences. Direct passive is expressed by the prefix “di-“ in Indonesian passive sentence, but indirect passive cannot be expressed by the prefix “di-“ and it seems difficult for Indonesian Japanese learners. Indirect passive does not exist in many languages, including in English and somehow in the Indonesian language, too. This paper aims to know why do Japanese people use passive voice to convey events or incidents, what functions does the passive distraction voice have different from the active voice, and to clarify about the differences and similarities between Japanese and Indonesian passive sentences. These points may be obvious to Japanese native speakers in some sense, but it will be such a great difficulty for Indonesian learners of Japanese to learn and use. Through this paper result, in which using a descriptive-qualitative method, there are four main conditions in Japanese direct passive sentences, namely the speaker’s point of view, conditions for changing conditions, conditions for specificity, and conditions for losses. In Japanese, if one of the four conditions has been fulfilled (or two or more conditions), then the passive voice can be accepted. Also, Japanese learners must understand that sentences with the Indonesian prefix “di-“ do not automatically become passive sentences in Japanese. If these important points are not well known or understood, this can lead to misunderstandings in the use of Japanese passive voice.
An Overview of the Knowledge and Motivation of IMCI Staff Regarding the Implementation of IMCI at the Lubuk Buaya Public Health Center, Padang
Authors: Yuliarni Eza , Siregar Nurhayati , Sukmawati Yofa
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Indonesia is one of the developing countries with a high under-five mortality rate due to the rough handling of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI). Diseases that cause death can generally be treated at the hospital level, but it is still difficult at the public health center level. Public Health Centers have implemented (IMCI). Suppose they meet the criteria for implementing/implementing the IMCI approach at least 60% of the number of visits by sick toddlers. This study aimed to describe the knowledge and motivation of IMCI implementers regarding the implementation of IMCI at Lubuk Buaya Public Health Center, Padang, in 2014. Method: This research is descriptive. This research was conducted at the Lubuk Buaya Health Center Padang in May 2014. The population in this study were all IMCI implementers who were actively working at the Lubuk Buaya Public Health Center, Padang, with 37 people. Sampling with total sampling technique and analyzed univariately. Results: From 37 staff implementing IMCI, it was found that 31 (83.8%) staff had implemented IMCI well, 36 (97.3%) staff had high knowledge, and 23 (62.2%) staff had high motivation. Conclusions: This study shows that the knowledge and motivation of IMCI implementers are good in implementing IMCI. It is hoped that every IMCI implementer will further increase knowledge about IMCI and its performance so that all sick toddlers get the best IMCI services to prevent death in these toddlers.
Covid-19 Pandemic And Its Likely Effect On Economic Development: An Opinion Survey of Professionals
Authors: Kumar Atul , Gawande Amol , Brar Vinaydeep
Published: November 2021

The air is full of pessimism. The impact of Covid-19 has been anticipated as more awful than the Great Depression of 1930. Consistently analysts and agency reports are plunging into new bottoms of a tumbledown in economic activities. Indian economy, however, has a somewhat slightly different story to tell at this hour of crisis. The silver lining for the Indian economy originates from a lofty fall in crude oil costs from around $70 per barrel to a record multi-year low of $22 per barrel. They have ascended to levels of around $40 per barrel over the most recent months. This benefit increases can somewhat balance the immediate misfortunes due to Covid-19. Simultaneously, dreams like a $5 trillion economy no longer look even a distant chance. This article checks out the possible effect of Covid-19 on Indian economic development through a survey of 400 professionals the nation over.
Choice Of Reading Materials And Reading Achievement Of Junior High Students
Authors: Toyong Paul Junrey A. , Toyong Marino E.
Published: November 2021

Reading is an important skill that can be used to communicate and understand the academic, business and cultural world. Reading can be a tool for learners’ progress and success in different fields of discipline. This study utilized descriptive-correlational design to examine 41 respondents selected as census or total enumeration using purposive sampling. Findings revealed that majority of the respondents used hard copy reading materials for the past 12 months. There were 22 respondents who used books, 2 who used magazines and 1 respondent used newspaper. Most of the class were in frustration level which is 75. 6%. There was one non-reader. Independent readers were four and instructional were five. There was a significant negative relationship (cc= -0.572 and p-value= 0.001) between choice of reading materials and reading achievement. This suggested that the use of soft copies as reading material is correlated to high reading achievement.  The implications may serve as basis for intervention, program, and policy formulation. Teachers need to design interactive reading materials using the 21st Century technologies like soft copies reading materials which can be handy and can be access anytime and anywhere using mobile phones. Reading intervention using technology-based materials may be designed to improve reading achievement of the students. Schools may introduce e-library which may introduce various materials that can be accessed and read in soft copy format.  This will also be beneficial to distance learning modality.
Lived Experiences of the Senior High School Learners at Goshen School of Technology and Humanities During the Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: Taunan Mikaela , Barcelona Shailyn Rose Domingo , Sandoval Rhyn-Niel Pines , Flaviano Regie Loveras
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 had a strong impact on our economy, government, health care, and particularly on the education system. This study explored the lived experiences of Senior High School learners enrolled at Goshen School during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study applied Collaizzi’s Method in the data analysis and interpretations to identify meaningful information and organize it into themes. Themes that came out from the narratives of the participants were: They experienced issues on their learning modality, financial, technological, mental health, and lifestyle issues; Covid-19 Pandemic affects the personal, social, mental, and academic performances of the senior high school learners, and needed support system from family, peers, school, and community. The output of this study is a proposed model for senior high school learners during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Personality and Academic Achievement level in Geography Subject at Secondary level
Authors: Guchait Prity
Published: November 2021

This paper reports a relation between personality and academic achievement in geography subject at secondary level in which sample size is 170 from secondary school of Howrah district. A survey questionnaire was used to gather data. Result reflects that Academic achievement was significantly positive correlated with Extraversion vs. Introversion, Agreeableness vs. Antagonism, Conscientiousness vs. Lack of direction, Neuroticism vs. Emotional stability, and Openness vs.  Closedness to experience.
Cumulative Grade Point Average and Comprehensive Examination Results as Predictors of Certified Public Accountant Board Examinees’ Performance
Authors: Salcedo Arnold , Salcedo Shane S. , Marasigan Renz P. , Guevarra Rolly M. , Datu Ednel T. , Aquino Rachelle B.
Published: November 2021

The Certified Public Accountant Licensure Examinations among BS Accountancy graduates can be considered as the culminating direct measure on how an accountancy retention policy program in a school prepares students to becoming CPAs. This study is aimed to gauge how cumulative qualifying grade point average of a student from first year to fifth year college and the fifth year comprehensive exams serve as predictors for the CPA Board Exams for a university in Central Luzon, Philippines. To measure the quality of the predictors, October examinees from the graduating batch were the focus of the study. With five hundred fifty three (553) BS Accountancy coming from five alumni batches, three hundred fifty eight (358) passed, fifty five (55) are conditioned and one hundred twenty (120) have failed during the first take of comprehensive exams. Auditing theory, business law and taxation are the most difficult subjects with less than two thirds (< 2/3) of the first takers as passing the said subjects. Those with a CGPA of 1.554 or higher in the undergrad, finishing with latin honors have the highest probability of passing the board. A range of four percent (either -4% to +4%) serves as the average variance between fifth year comprehensive exams and board examination performance for all first takers. Both the CGPA (r=0.632) and comprehensive examinations (r=0.745) are moderate predictors of the board examinations which imply that the accountancy program for the university can still be improved to further prepare the students to become CPAs.
Mathematics Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge and their Capacity for Differentiated Instruction
Authors: Patalinghug Joey S. , Arnado Alvic A.
Published: November 2021

The primary goal of this study was to determine the trainings in the teachers’ learning and development for differentiated instruction to enhance the instructional strategies of the elementary school teachers in North Butuan District of the Division of Butuan City, Agusan del Norte. The participating teachers completed the TPACK survey which consisted of the demographic profile of teachers and the TPACK components namely: Technology Knowledge (TK), Content Knowledge (CK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), Technology Pedagogy and Content Knowledge (TPACK) and Differentiated Instruction survey instrument about mathematics. In addition, both surveys were analyzed based on how the teachers performed in TPACK and differentiated instruction and percentage of the capacity of teachers based on the two different methods of teaching. Among the four components of TPACK, the technological knowledge, content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge had the highest mean. The level of differentiated instruction of the participants in terms of lesson design and implementation revealed that learning activities are varied got the highest mean. In addition, the differentiated instruction in terms of lesson design and implementation, content, procedures, communication and learning were found to have the highest mean. Teachers teaching elementary mathematics may be requested to attend webinars on TPACK or related seminars/webinars to enhance their knowledge in dealing with the content in mathematics specifically word problems and their concerns on differentiated instruction.
A Comparative Analysis of Mean Percentage Scores (MPS) of Senior High School Classes
Authors: Raganit Ariel A.
Published: November 2021

This comparative analysis on the Mean Percentage Scores (MPS) results of senior high school classes for Quarters I, II, and III was a good practice that can be emulated by educators in order to give meaning to the data. MPS is not for compilation only. It must be used for decision making in lesson delivery enhancements, learning resources utilization and school improvement plan and adjustment. The design used was descriptive research. This is a comparative analysis of the results of Quarterly Assessments of senior high school classes in a public school in Leyte with the sample of five sections determined by stratified sampling technique. Data were analyzed using Mean, standard deviation, dependent sample t-test, independent sample t-test, two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and thematic analysis of interviews of subject teachers. Descriptive study is scientific research that methodically deals with a certain region or population and characterizes an occurrence, phenomenon, or fact (Modato, 2017).  

Based from interviews and document analysis, extracurricular activities, socio-cultural involvements, the difficulty of learning competences, and examination schedules and the school calendar in general all had an influence on students' performance. In addition, test structures, test layout, and clear directions and instructions have an impact on test results.
Exploring The Challenges Facing Teenage Mothers in School and How They Cope in the Wa West District
Authors: Adangabe Amos Amuribadek , Emmanuella Dogbey Alice , Tigtig Julius
Published: November 2021

Education is a built-in mechanism that retains its essential value as a human right, not as a static commodity to be viewed in isolation from its larger context. Every person has the right to quality education and the ability to guarantee their human rights are secure for the long term. This research examined teenage mothers' struggles in school. The study employed a descriptive phenomenological approach. Twelve teenage mothers were selected, using a snowball sampling approach. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from these teenage mothers by audio taping. The data was transcribed, pursued and analysed thematically. The research revealed that teenage mothers in school face various difficulties in school, including lack of financial support, poor time management, low self-esteem, and emotional instability. The further revealed that majority of teenage mothers in school employ direct problem solving, cognitive decision-making, understanding, and constructive cognitive restructuring to cope with the challenges they face.
The Relationship of Learning Motivation, Reward and Achievement in Science of Secondary Students in The District of Botolan
Authors: Tolero Josue Alburo , Echaure Jessie S.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

The study aimed to determine the effect of learning motivation and reward to the achievement in Science among junior high school students of Botolan District, Division of Zambales during SY 2018-2019.

   The study revealed that the respondent is a typical female. The respondents “strongly agree” on extrinsic, intrinsic and task value while “agree” on views about learning, self-efficacy and belief of achievement as dimensions of learning motivation. The respondents “agree” on tangible and intangible as dimensions on rewards system. The respondents “strongly agree” on indicators towards reward system. The students obtain a “passed” rating in their academic performance. There is no significant difference on the dimensions of learning motivation. There is no significant difference on the dimensions of reward system. There is no significant difference on the dimensions of reward system when grouped according to sex profile variable.  There is no significant relationship between the academic performance and the dimensions on learning motivation.

The summary of the researches conducted and the assumptions arrived at, the researcher have to give tangible or intangible rewards to deserving students who are exerting efforts to excel in the science class that there is a necessity to train teachers in how to impart students so that they develop intrinsically motivated, as a substitute of just driven along by the idea of the next external reward; that the teachers are to exercise extreme fairness and equality to give rewards and recognition to deserving students.
Senior Citizens' Health and Social Services in Cebu City
Authors: Toring Kimberly Cui Nuevo , Toring Eugene Escalona , Nuevo Jonathan Obinque , Gabuya Patricio G. , Maming Jimmy Bernabe
Published: November 2021

Senior citizens are an important sector in society. Some began their new career during the middle age and many continued a long legacy of productivity and passionate social service living a life of commitment. The aims of the study is to assess the senior citizen’s health and social services in Cebu City. The study uses quantitative and qualitative methods. A statistical computation was used to achieve an acceptable accuracy of findings and the qualitative research double-checks the quantitative research. Furthermore, the qualitative method was used to measure the data since it allowed the participants to give in-depth, detailed answers by personal interview. The Researchers explored the participant’s answers, thus clearing any ambiguity before analyzing and publishing the collected data. The study revealed that the level of implementation of social services for senior citizens was well implemented; The level of perception of health services for senior citizens were provided; The management of senior citizens office has the biggest financial appropriation; that there was no correlation between social services and the perception level since both were labeled not significant. To address the gap a substantial budget shall be allocated to the sixty (60) barangays of Cebu City to be incorporated in OSCA budget. A development plan was proposed as the output of the study.
The Probiotic Role of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) in Helicobacter Pylori Gastritis
Authors: Aji Arif Sabta , Balqis Ranne
Published: November 2021

Gastrointestinal tract infections are still common in developing countries such as Indonesia. Gastritis as a gastric health problem has a risk factor for developing into a peptic ulcer or stomach cancer. This literature review aims to discuss the role of probiotics against the incidence of gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. This article based on a literature review of the role of lactic acid bacteria probiotics in the treatment of Helicobacter Pylori infection. It was found that the probiotic role of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium was non-pathogenic and they were often used as probiotic mediators for H. pylori eradication. Probiotics affect the gastrointestinal tract through immunologic and non-immunological responses. Utilization of probiotic intake as one of adjuvant therapy in the treatment of gastritis disease might help the effectiveness of antibiotic drugs. But, to be used as a single therapy still needs further research.
Head Size and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in Elementary School Students
Authors: Illiandri Oski , Setyohadi Dwi , Sjidan Aji Ilman , Jamila Aldiya , Humaira Adwa , Ibrahim Maulana Malik , Rofii Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Superficially, Intelligence is an ability to planning, thinking, talking, rationalization, comparing, and understand with other. One of many methods to rate for intelligence, is Draw-A-Man test, it’s introduced by Goodenough in 1926 to researching children’s creativity, mental age, and visual and motoric intelligence with some code based on picture that the children drawed. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between head circumference and head length with Intelligence Quotient of the 3rd grade Karang Mekar 1 Banjarmasin elementary school’s student. The methodsof this study used observational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique was total sampling with a sample of 65 students aged 7 to 10 years and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of data analysis using the Spearman correlation test showed that the correlation point on the head circumference and head length with IQ were p=0.888 and p=0.985. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is no significant correlation between the the head circumference and head length with Intelligence Quotien in elementary student.
Effects of weed management on agronomic performance and productivity of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Wiqar Burhanuddin , Noori Mohammad Safar , Amini Sayed Younos
Published: November 2021

The yield loss as a result of weed infestation is a major problem in maize fields. Hence, this research meant to examine the impacts of weed chemical control on maize growth and yield. The design of experiment was randomized complete block, and comprised 10 treatments viz., T1 (Control, weedy check), T2 (Weed free), T3 (Atrazine 1.5 kg ha-1 pre-emergence), T4 (Atrazine 750 g ha-1 + Pendimethalin 750 ml ha-1 pre-emergence), T5 (Atrazine 1.5 kg ha-1 followed by 2,4-D amine 0.4 kg ha-1 at 25 days after sowing as Post-emergence), T6 (Halosulfuron 67 g ha-1 at 25 DAS), T7 (Atrazine 1.5 kg ha-1 pre-emergence followed by Halosulfuron 90 g ha-1 25 days after sowing), T8 (Tembotrione 120 g ha-1 Post-emergence at 25 days after sowing), T9 (Pendimethalin 1000 ml ha-1 pre-rise fb Atrazine 750 g ha-1 + 2,4-D amine 0.4 kg ha-1 at 25 days after sowing as Post-emergence) and T10 (Atrazine 1.5 kg ha-1 pre-emergence followed by Tembotrione 120 g ha-1 Post-emergence at 25 days after sowing) with 3 replicates. The results showed that among other treatments, T10 recorded highest number of kernels per row (36.18), number of kernel cob-1 (499.12) and kernel weight cob-1 (136.97 g). A higher plant height (172.19 cm), leaf area (396.6 cm2 plant-1), dry matter accumulation (211.37 g plant-1), kernel yield (6.7 t ha-1) and stover yield (11.6 t ha-1) were found with weed free check plot which is on par with T10 treatment which brought about a higher value of plant height (162.93 cm), dry weight accumulation (205.7 g plant-1), leaf area (384.3 cm2 plant-1), kernel yield (6.5 t ha-1) and stover yield (11.4 t ha-1). In the meantime, T9 treatment reasonably increased kernel yield (6.2 t ha-1) and stover yield (11.0 t ha-1). It shows that application of herbicides as pre-emergence followed by post-emergence, such as T10 treatment could be a good method for weed control in maize fields.
Pengaruh Leverage dan Pertumbuhan Aset terhadap Return on Equity pa-da PT Pegadaian (PERSERO)
Authors: Hernawati Euis , Muthmainnah
Published: November 2021

Perbandingan antara leverage dengan modal sendiri dalam struktur modal perusahaan merupakan alat untuk melakukan perencanaan dan kebijakan dalam perusahaan untuk menentukan kewajiban dalam memaksimalkan keuntungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan hubungan antara leverage yang diukur dalam debt to equity ratio serta pertumbuhan aset terhadap return on equity pada PT Pegadaian (Persero). Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel laporan keuangan perusahaan pada periode 2015 sampai dengan 2019. Sedangkan teknik pemeriksaan yang digunakan untuk pengolahan data menggunakan analisa regresi berganda. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan secara parsial baik debt to equity ratio maupun pertumbuhan aset memiliki hubungan negative dan signifikan terhadap return on equity serta secara simultan debt total equity dan pertumbuhan aset berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return on equity.
Hibah Dalam Perspektif Hukum Perdata Islam
Authors: Hidayat Robist
Published: November 2021

Hibah adalah merupakan suatu pemberian yang bersifat sukarela (tidak ada sebab dan musababnya) tnpa ada kontra prestasi dari pihak penerima pemberian, dan pemberian itu dilangsungkan pada saat si pemberi masih hidup (inilah yang membedakannya dengan wasiat, yang mana wasiat diberikan setelah si pewasiat meninggal dunia), Di dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam, disebutkan hubungan hibah dengan waris terdapat dalam Pasal 211, yaitu :“Hibah dari orang tua kepada anaknya dapat diperhitungkan sebagai warisan.” Dengan demikian, bahwa ketentuan Pasal 211 Kompilasi Hukum Islam tentang hibah orang tua kepada anaknya, dapat diperhitungkan sebagai warisan. Hibah tersebut merupakan adat kebiasaan yang telah mengakar dan telah diterima oleh masyarakat Indonesia., adat istiadat semacam ini menurut kaidah-kaidah Hukum Islam disebut urf. Yang dimaksud dengan urf adalah segala sesuatu yang sudah dikenal oleh manusia, yang telah menjadi kebiasaan atau tradisi, baik bersifat perkataan, perbuatan atau dalam kaitannya dengan meninggalkan perbuatan tertentu. Urf disebut juga dengan adat (kebiasaan).
Cyber Espionage Sebagai Ancaman Terhadap Pertahanan Dan Keamanan Negara Indonesia
Authors: Dwi Hastri Evi
Published: November 2021

This research aims to analyze the norms that have a blur (Vague Norm) against Cyber Espionage related to Indonesia's legal ability to accommodate Cyber Espionage attacks. In addition, this study also aims to analyze Indonesia's efforts to overcome the Cyber Espionage attack that could threaten the stability of national defense and security. The type of research in the legal research method used is normative juridical with three problem approaches, namely the Statute Approach, Conceptual Approach, and Comparative Approach. Primary and secondary legal materials that have been collected will be processed through deductive methods and an analysis of legal materials is carried out, namely by systematic interpretation and extentive interpretation. So based on the results of the discussion, then there is a Vague Norm about Cyber Espionage that affects Indonesian law in accommodating. The efforts taken by Indonesia to deal with Cyber Espionage outside of juridical efforts began with the preventive efforts of Cyber Security and Cyber Defense, optimizing the role of the TNI, BIN, and POLRI as national resources in defending the country's defense.
Analisis Hukum Penggunaan Mata Uang Asing Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Di Indonesia
Authors: Siddiq Fikri Ainur
Published: November 2021

Jual beli merupakan suatu perjanjian yang sering terjadi di dalam masyarakat, tepat praktek jual beli mudah dijumpai di pasar, setia penjual dan pembeli memiliki suatu kewajiban, kewajiban penjual yaitu memberikan barang jualannya kepada pembeli dan kewajiban pembeli yaitu memberikan uangnya terhadap penjual. Pada masa pandemi COVID-19 masyarakat Indonesia dikejutkan dengan sebuah berita viral di media sosial dangan adanya sbuah pasal muamalah yang terletak di Tanah Baru, Depok, Jawa Barat. Dalam prakteknya pasar tersebut menggunakan mata uang dinar dan dirham sebagai alat transaksi pembayaran. Penelitian menggunakan metode normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan.

Mata uang dinar dan dirham merupakan bukan mata uang sah sebagai alat transaksi pembarayaran dalam jual beli di negara Indonesia, sebagai negara hukum mengani masalah mata uang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2011 tentang Mata Uang. Dalam undang-undang tersebut menyatakan rupiah sebagai mata uang yang sebagai alat transaksi pembayaran jual beli. Setiap orang dilarang menggunkan mata uang selain rupiah sebagai alat transaksi pembayaran di Wilayah Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia, apabila seseorang melanggar larangan tersebut dikenakan sansksi pidana paling lama pidana kurungan satu tahun dan denda sebanyak dua ratus juta rupiah.

Dengan adanya larangan pengguanaan mata uang selain rupiah sebagai alat pembayaran, maka perjanjian jual beli yang terjadi di pasar muamalah tersebut harus diketahui keabsahannya, suatu perjanjian dikatakan sah apabila memenuhi sayarat-syarat sahnya perjnajian yang diatur dalam palal 1320 KUHperdata, adapun syarat sahnya perjanjian yaitu : adanya kata sepakat, cakap hukum, suatu hal tertentu, dan sebab yang halal. Jadi perjanjian jual beli tersebut tidak sah secara hukum dan batal demi hukum karena tidak memenuhi salah satu syarat sahnya perjanjian mengenai suatu sebab yang halah yang mempunayi pengertian perjanjian yang dibuat harus tida bertentangan dengan kesusialaan dan undang-undang, yang menggunakan mata uang dinar dan dirham sebagai alat transaksi pembayaran.
Konformitas Hukum Kepolisian dalam Sistem Penegakan Hukum di Laut Indonesia
Authors: Alfath Tahegga Primananda , Chobibah Asimatul , Puspitosari Resi
Published: November 2021

Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan memiliki peluang yang besar sebagai poros maritim dunia, karena laut di Indonesia tersimpan sumber daya yang besar. Akan tetapi tantangan atau ancaman juga menjadi perhatian, khususnya dalam penegakan hukum di wilayah laut. Perihal penegakan hukum di wilayah laut, Indonesia memiliki 13 (tigabelas) kelembagaan yang diberikan oleh peraturan perundang-undangan, 6 (enam) diantaranya telah memiliki armada laut. Kepolisian adalah salah satu dari 6 (enam) tersebut. Banyaknya lembaga yang memiliki kewenangan penegakan hukum di wilayah laut tersebut berpotensi mengalamai tumpang tindih. Penelitian ini menganalisis tentang kewenangan penegakan hukum yang dimiliki oleh Kepolisian di wilayah laut, dan batasan kepolisian dalam penegakan hukum di laut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach), dan pendekatan konsep (conseptual approach). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kepolisian memiliki kewenangan di wilayah laut yang berupa pengawasan dan penegakan hukum di seluruh wilayah perairan Indonesia. Batasan kewenangan penegakan hukum kepolisian adalah ruang lingkup wilayahnya, yaitu hanya ada pada wilayah laut teritorial.
Percurso formativo na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial: inovação e transformação nas práticas em saúde mental
Authors: Weber Larissa , Rosa Roger dos Santos , Sanes Marina da Silva , Caravaca-Morera Jaime Alonso
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: descrever as transformações decorrentes da participação de trabalhadores da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Guaíba/RS no projeto “Percursos Formativos na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial: Intercâmbio entre experiências”, do Ministério da Saúde. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, em que foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais com 22 participantes e consultas a documentos pertinentes ao projeto. Utilizou-se análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: apresentados em dois eixos: “Intercâmbio como estratégia inovadora na formação”, “Ressignificação das práticas no campo da saúde mental”. Identificaram-se mudanças nos processos de trabalho decorrentes do aumento da visibilidade do campo da saúde mental e melhorias na atenção aos usuários, com destaque para práticas alinhadas à humanização do cuidado. Detectou-se incremento na motivação dos trabalhadores e maior articulação entre os serviços da rede. O projeto apresentou características inovadoras de formação e sua execução foi decisiva nas transformações que já estavam em curso. A pesquisa evidenciou a relação entre experiências de formação e processos de cuidado mais afeitos a uma produção de saúde crítica, reflexiva, criativa e emancipatória. Conclusão: desvela-se desenvolvimento de forte e duradouro senso de crítica e de necessidade de inovação em saúde mental, que parecem ter emergido com mais vigor durante a realização do projeto.
Perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de usuários de substâncias psicoativas atendidos em hospital filantrópico acreditado
Authors: Souza Jaqueline Fátima de , Soares Marcos Hirata , Tizziani Jéssica Andrade
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: descrever o perfil de usuários de substâncias psicoativas, seu desfecho e complicações clínicas. Método: estudo transversal com 67 pacientes em um hospital geral filantrópico acreditado. Análise descritiva exploratória a partir dos dados obtidos com os instrumentos Addicttion Severity Index – 6 e Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Resultados: houve predominância do sexo masculino em 83,5% das causas de admissão, 32,8% estavam relacionadas ao sistema musculoesquelético, e 43,3% dos pacientes desconheciam comorbidades prévias. Prevalência de 73,7% do uso abusivo de álcool, 44,8% tiveram pontuação superior a 27 pontos, indicando necessidade de encaminhamento para especialidade psiquiátrica. Conclusão: carecem esforços no sentido de aprimorar e amadurecer processos para garantir a qualidade do serviço e segurança do paciente em envolvimento com substâncias psicoativas em hospital geral filantrópico.
Repercussões da experiência artística frente ao sofrimento psíquico grave, ao internamento e à exclusão social
Authors: Oliveira Ana Paula Vicente , Moreira Maria Inês Badaró
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: analisar a elaboração de novas perspectivas pelos atores-criadores de Projeto Bispo: tratados como bicho, comportam-se como um sobre o sofrimento psíquico grave, o internamento e a exclusão social. Método: trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa em saúde que associou pesquisa bibliográfica, trabalho de campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas desenvolvidas e aplicadas pela pesquisadora. Sete artistas foram entrevistados entre junho e agosto de 2018. No tratamento das entrevistas, seguiu-se a análise de conteúdo com a técnica de análise temática. Resultados: o estudo revelou que O Coletivo operou experimentação na qual os artistas participaram do levantamento do material teórico que serviu de base às discussões estéticas, realizaram exploração do espaço urbano, fabricaram figurinos e objetos cênicos e elaboraram narrativas a partir das atividades coletivas. O encontro entre artistas e indivíduos em situação de rua, que perderam seu lugar social, sobretudo, devido ao uso de álcool e outras drogas, possibilitou a apropriação dessa temática no espetáculo. Conclusão: além da transformação da perspectiva dos artistas, a dramaturgia empreendida pelo grupo de teatro trouxe a percepção de que é possível provocar a formação de novas concepções e discursos a respeito do sofrimento psíquico severo, do internamento e da exclusão social por meio da arte.
Diretrizes da Organização Mundial da Saúde relacionadas aos recursos humanos em saúde mental
Authors: Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Mendes Isabel Amelia Costa , Zanardo Ana Beatriz Rizzo , Silva Ítalo Rodolfo
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: avaliar, com base em documentos-chave, o escopo, potencial e desafios para a atuação de recursos humanos na área de saúde mental. Método: pesquisa documental, descritiva, realizada por meio da análise de três documentos de domínio público, considerados centrais para a formulação de políticas e programas na área de saúde mental, propostos e aprovados no contexto da OMS e, portanto, aplicáveis a todos os seus países membros. As categorias analíticas foram formuladas mediante análise por comparação dos dados. Resultados: Em um contexto em que a maioria dos países com baixa e média renda possui poucos recursos humanos treinados e disponíveis, os documentos demonstram que a realidade brasileira não é isolada, mas reflexo de uma cultura centrada em modelo predominantemente biomédico na saúde, bem como na saúde mental. Conclusão: os documentos demonstram as fragilidades dos serviços de saúde mental e remetem aos desafios vivenciados na área de recursos humanos, já que muitos profissionais não têm a formação adequada ou não se sentem atraídos para atuarem na saúde mental.
Novel Small-Molecule Troponin Activator Increases Cardiac Contractile Function Without Negative Impact on Energetics
Authors: He Huamei , Baka Tomas , Balschi James , Motani Alykhan S. , Nguyen Kathy K. , Liu Qingxiang , Slater Rebecca , Rock Brooke , Wang Chen , Hale Christopher , Karamanlidis Georgios , Hartman James J. , Malik Fady I. , Reagan Jeff D. , Luptak Ivan
Published: November 2021

Background:

Current heart failure therapies unload the failing heart without targeting the underlying problem of reduced cardiac contractility. Traditional inotropes (ie, calcitropes) stimulate contractility via energetically costly augmentation of calcium cycling and worsen patient survival. A new class of agents—myotropes—activates the sarcomere directly, independent of calcium. We hypothesize that a novel myotrope TA1 increases contractility without the deleterious myocardial energetic impact of a calcitrope dobutamine.

Methods:

We determined the effect of TA1 in bovine cardiac myofibrils and human cardiac microtissues, ex vivo in mouse cardiac fibers and in vivo in anesthetized normal rats. Effects of increasing concentrations of TA1 or dobutamine on contractile function, phosphocreatine and ATP concentrations, and ATP production were assessed by
31
P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy on isolated perfused rat hearts.

Results:

TA1 increased the rate of myosin ATPase activity in isolated bovine myofibrils and calcium sensitivity in intact mouse papillary fibers. Contractility increased dose dependently in human cardiac microtissues and in vivo in rats as assessed by echocardiography. In isolated rat hearts, TA1 and dobutamine similarly increased the rate-pressure product. Dobutamine increased both developed pressure and heart rate accompanied by decreased phosphocreatine-to-ATP ratio and decreased free energy of ATP hydrolysis (ΔG
~ATP
) and elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure. In contrast, the TA1 increased developed pressure without any effect on heart rate, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, phosphocreatine/ATP ratio, or ΔG
~ATP
.

Conclusions:

Novel myotrope TA1 increased myocardial contractility by sensitizing the sarcomere to calcium without impairing diastolic function or depleting the cardiac energy reserve. Since energetic depletion negatively correlates with long-term survival, myotropes may represent a superior alternative to traditional inotropes in heart failure management.
Blood Pressure, Hypertension, and the Risk of Aortic Dissection Incidence and Mortality: Results From the J-SCH Study, the UK Biobank Study, and a Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Hibino Makoto , Otaki Yoichiro , Kobeissi Elsa , Pan Han , Hibino Hiromi , Taddese Henock , Majeed Azeem , Verma Subodh , Konta Tsuneo , Yamagata Kunihiro , Fujimoto Shouichi , Tsuruya Kazuhiko , Narita Ichiei , Kasahara Masato , Shibagaki Yugo , Iseki Kunitoshi , Moriyama Toshiki , Kondo Masahide , Asahi Koichi , Watanabe Tsuyoshi , Watanabe Tetsu , Watanabe Masafumi , Aune Dagfinn
Published: November 2021

Background:

Hypertension or elevated blood pressure (BP) is an important risk factor for aortic dissection (AD); however, few prospective studies on this topic have been published. We investigated the association between hypertension/elevated BP and AD in 2 cohorts and conducted a meta-analysis of published prospective studies, including these 2 studies.

Methods:

We analyzed data from the J-SHC study (Japan-Specific Health Checkups) and UK Biobank, which prospectively followed up 534 378 and 502 424 participants, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs for the association of hypertension/elevated BP with AD incidence in the UK Biobank and AD mortality in the J-SHC Study. In the meta-analysis, summary relative risks were calculated with random-effects models. A potential nonlinear dose-response relationship between BP and AD was tested with fractional polynomial models, and the best-fitting second-order fractional polynomial regression model was determined.

Results:

In the J-SHC study and UK Biobank, there were 84 and 182 ADs during the 4- and 9-year follow-up, and the adjusted hazard ratios of AD were 3.57 (95% CI, 2.17–6.11) and 2.68 (95% CI, 1.78–4.04) in hypertensive individuals, 1.33 (95% CI, 1.05–1.68) and 1.27 (95% CI, 1.11–1.48) per 20–mm Hg increase in systolic BP (SBP), and 1.67 (95% CI, 1.40–2.00) and 1.66 (95% CI, 1.46–1.89) per 10-mm Hg increase in diastolic BP (DBP), respectively. In the meta-analysis, the summary relative risks were 3.07 (95% CI, 2.15–4.38,
I
2
=76.7%, n=7 studies, 2818 ADs, 4 563 501 participants) for hypertension and 1.39 (95% CI, 1.16–1.66,
I
2
=47.7%, n=3) and 1.79 (95% CI: 1.51–2.12,
I
2
= 57.0%, n=3) per 20–mm Hg increase in SBP and per 10–mm Hg increase in DBP, respectively. The AD risk showed a strong, positive dose-response relationship with SBP and even more so with DBP. The risk of AD in the nonlinear dose-response analysis was significant at SBP >132 mm Hg and DBP >75 mm Hg.

Conclusions:

Hypertension and elevated SBP and DBP are associated with a high risk of AD. The risk of AD was positively dose dependent, even within the normal BP range. These findings provide further evidence for the optimization of BP to prevent AD.
Notes on the genus Messageria Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1904, with descriptions of a new species and a new subspecies (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoroidea: Alycaeidae)
Authors: CHEN ZHE-YU , LIN LI-WEN
Published: November 2021

In this study, the systematic status of Messageria Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1904 is discussed. It is recognized as an alycaeid genus, rather than as a subgenus or a junior synonym of Helicomorpha Möllendorff, 1890 (Diplommatinidae) as previously thought. Additionally, a new species, Messageria sinica n. sp. from Guizhou, and a new subspecies, Messageria scalarioides donghiana n. ssp. from Guangxi are described. Messageria scalarioides donghiana n. ssp. is morphologically different from the nominate subspecies by the larger shell and wider lower whorls and umbilicus. Messageria sinica n. sp. is morphologically different from the type species by having larger shell and distinct intermediate ribs.
Vascular remodeling of the small pulmonary arteries and measures of vascular pruning on computed tomography
Authors: Synn Andrew J. , De Margerie‐Mellon Constance , Jeong Sun Young , Rahaghi Farbod N. , Jhun Iny , Washko George R. , Estépar Raúl San José , Bankier Alexander A. , Mittleman Murray A. , VanderLaan Paul A. , Rice Mary B.
Published: November 2021

Pulmonary hypertension is characterized histologically by intimal and medial thickening in the small pulmonary arteries, eventually resulting in vascular “pruning.” Computed tomography (CT)‐based quantification of pruning is associated with clinical measures of pulmonary hypertension, but it is not established whether CT‐based pruning correlates with histologic arterial remodeling. Our sample consisted of 138 patients who underwent resection for early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma. From histologic sections, we identified small pulmonary arteries and measured the relative area comprising the intima and media (VWA%), with higher VWA% representing greater histologic remodeling. From pre‐operative CTs, we used image analysis algorithms to calculate the small vessel volume fraction (BV5/TBV) as a CT‐based indicator of pruning (lower BV5/TBV represents greater pruning). We investigated relationships of CT pruning and histologic remodeling using Pearson correlation, simple linear regression, and multivariable regression with adjustment for age, sex, height, weight, smoking status, and total pack‐years. We also tested for effect modification by sex and smoking status. In primary models, more severe CT pruning was associated with greater histologic remodeling. The Pearson correlation coefficient between BV5/TBV and VWA% was –0.41, and in linear regression models, VWA% was 3.13% higher (95% CI: 1.95–4.31%, p < 0.0001) per standard deviation lower BV5/TBV. This association persisted after multivariable adjustment. We found no evidence that these relationships differed by sex or smoking status. Among individuals who underwent resection for lung adenocarcinoma, more severe CT‐based vascular pruning was associated with greater histologic arterial remodeling. These findings suggest CT imaging may be a non‐invasive indicator of pulmonary vascular pathology.
Polatuzumab vedotin plus bendamustine and rituximab in relapsed/refractory DLBCL: survival update and new extension cohort data
Authors: Sehn Laurie H. , Hertzberg Mark , Opat Stephen , Herrera Alex F. , Assouline Sarit , Flowers Christopher R. , Kim Tae Min , McMillan Andrew , Ozcan Muhit , Safar Violaine , Salles Gilles , Ku Grace , Hirata Jamie , Chang Yi Meng , Musick Lisa , Matasar Matthew J.
Published: November 2021

Polatuzumab vedotin plus bendamustine and rituximab (pola + BR) received regulatory approvals for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) based on primary results from the randomized arms of the GO29365 study. After the randomized phase, 106 additional patients received pola + BR in a single-arm extension cohort. We report updated results from the randomized arms and results of the extension cohort. In this phase 1b/2 study, patients with R/R DLBCL who were transplant ineligible received up to six 21-day cycles of pola + BR or BR. The primary end point of the randomized arms was the complete response (CR) rate at end of treatment. Primary objectives of the extension cohort were safety, pharmacokinetic profile, and efficacy of pola + BR. As of 7 July 2020, a total of 192 patients with R/R DLBCL were enrolled in the pola + BR cohort (n = 152 [safety run-in, n = 6; randomized, n = 40; extension cohort, n = 106]) or the BR cohort (n = 40). Significant survival benefit with pola + BR vs BR persisted in the randomized arms (median progression-free survival, 9.2 vs 3.7 months [hazard ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.66]; median overall survival, 12.4 vs 4.7 months [hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.24-0.72]). In the extension cohort, the independent review committee–assessed objective response rate was 41.5%, and the CR rate was 38.7%; median independent review committee–assessed progression-free survival and overall survival were 6.6 months and 12.5 months, respectively. No new safety signals with pola + BR were identified. Pola + BR is an effective treatment option for patients with R/R DLBCL, with a well-characterized and manageable safety profile. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02257567.
Improving retention of community-recruited participants in HIV prevention research through Saturday household visits; findings from the HPTN 071 (PopART) study in South Africa
Authors: Bell-Mandla N. F. , Sloot R. , Maarman G. , Griffith S. , Moore A. , Floyd S. , Hayes R. , Fidler S. , Ayles H. , Bock P. ,   on behalf of the HPTN 071 (PopART) study team
Published: November 2021

Background

Identifying successful strategies to improve participant retention in longitudinal studies remains a challenge. In this study we evaluated whether non-traditional fieldworker shifts (after hours during the week and weekends) enhanced participant retention when compared to retention during traditional weekday shifts in the HPTN 071 (PopART) population cohort (PC).

Methods

HPTN 071 (PopART) PC participants were recruited and followed up in their homes on an annual basis by research fieldworkers over a 3-4 year period. The average number of successful follow-up visits, where a PC participant was found and retained in the study, was calculated for each of 3 visit schedules (early weekday shift, late weekday shift, and Saturday shift), and standardized to account for variation in fieldwork shift duration. We used one-way univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) to describe differences in mean-successful visits and 95% confidence intervals between the shift types.

Results

Data on 16 651 successful visits were included. Successful visit rates were higher when conducting Saturday visits (14.0; 95% CI: 11.3-16.6) compared to both regular (4.5; 95% CI: 3.7-5.3) and late weekday shifts (5.3; 95% CI: 4.7-5.8) overall and in all subgroup analyses (P<0.001). The successful visit rate was higher amongst women than men were during all shift types (3.2 vs. 1.3, p<0.001). Successful visit rates by shift type did not differ significantly by age, over time, by PC round or by community triplet.

Conclusion

The number of people living with HIV continues to increase annually. High quality evidence from longitudinal studies remains critical for evaluating HIV prevention and treatment strategies. This study showed a significant benefit on participant retention through introduction of Saturday shifts for home visits and these data can make an important contribution to the emerging body of evidence for improving retention in longitudinal research.

Trial registration

PopART was approved by the Stellenbosch University Health Research Ethics Committees (N12/11/074), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (6326) ethics committee and the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) (Protocol ID 11865). PopART was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number NCT01900977).