bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A sex-specific propensity-adjusted analysis of colonic adenoma detection rates in a screening cohort
Authors: Wernly Sarah , Wernly Bernhard , Semmler Georg , Bachmayer Sebastian , Niederseer David , Stickel Felix , Huber-Schönauer Ursula , Aigner Elmar , Datz Christian
Published: September 2021

The prevalence of colorectal adenoma and advanced adenoma (AA) differs between sexes. Also, the optimal age for the first screening colonoscopy is under debate. We, therefore, performed a sex-specific and age-adjusted comparison of adenoma, AA and advanced neoplasia (AN) rates in a real-world screening cohort. In total, 2824 asymptomatic participants between 45- and 60-years undergoing screening colonoscopy at a single-centre in Austria were evaluated. 46% were females and mean age was 53 ± 4 years. A propensity score for being female was calculated, and adenoma, AA and AN detection rates evaluated using uni- and multivariable logistic regression. Sensitivity analyses for three age groups (group 1: 45 to 49 years, n = 521, 41% females, mean age 47 ± 1 years; group 2: 50 to 54 years, n = 1164, 47% females, mean age 52 ± 1 years; group 3: 55 to 60 years, n = 1139, 46% females, mean age 57 ± 2 years) were performed. The prevalence of any adenoma was lower in females (17% vs. 30%; OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.38–0.55; p < 0.001) and remained so after propensity score adjustment for baseline characteristics and lifestyle factors (aOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.41–0.66; p < 0.001). The same trend was seen for AA with a significantly lower prevalence in females (3% vs. 7%; OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.26–0.55; p < 0.001) that persisted after propensity score adjustment (aOR 0.54, 95% CI 0.34–0.86; p = 0.01). Also, all age-group sensitivity analyses showed lower adenoma, AA and AN rates in females. Similar numbers needed to screen to detect an adenoma, an AA or AN were found in female age group 3 and male age group 1. Colorectal adenoma, AA and AN were consistently lower in females even after propensity score adjustment and in all age-adjusted sensitivity analyses. Our study may add to the discussion of the optimal age for initial screening colonoscopy which may differ between the sexes.
Tianeptine modulates synaptic vesicle dynamics and favors synaptic mitochondria processes in socially isolated rats
Authors: Perić Ivana , Costina Victor , Djordjević Snežana , Gass Peter , Findeisen Peter , Inta Dragoš , Borgwardt Stefan , Filipović Dragana
Published: September 2021

Deregulation of synaptic function and neurotransmission has been linked with the development of major depression disorder (MDD). Tianeptine (Tian) has been used as antidepressant with anxiolytic properties and recently as a nootropic to improve cognitive performance, but its mechanism of action is unknown. We conducted a proteomic study on the hippocampal synaptosomal fractions of adult male Wistar rats exposed to chronic social isolation (CSIS, 6 weeks), an animal model of depression and after chronic Tian treatment in controls (nootropic effect) and CSIS-exposed rats (lasting 3 weeks of 6-week CSIS) (therapeutic effect). Increased expression of Syn1 and Camk2-related neurotransmission, vesicle transport and energy processes in Tian-treated controls were found. CSIS led to upregulation of proteins associated with actin cytoskeleton, signaling transduction and glucose metabolism. In CSIS rats, Tian up-regulated proteins involved in mitochondrial energy production, mitochondrial transport and dynamics, antioxidative defense and glutamate clearance, while attenuating the CSIS-increased glycolytic pathway and cytoskeleton organization proteins expression and decreased the expression of proteins involved in V-ATPase and vesicle endocytosis. Our overall findings revealed that synaptic vesicle dynamics, specifically exocytosis, and mitochondria-related energy processes might be key biological pathways modulated by the effective nootropic and antidepressant treatment with Tian and be a potential target for therapeutic efficacy of the stress-related mood disorders.
The complex evolution of the metazoan HSP70 gene family
Authors: Yu Er-meng , Yoshinaga Tatsuki , Jalufka Frank L. , Ehsan Hashimul , Mark Welch David B. , Kaneko Gen
Published: September 2021

The metazoan 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family contains several members localized in different subcellular compartments. The cytosolic members have been classified into inducible HSP70s and constitutive heat shock cognates (HSC70s), but their distinction and evolutionary relationship remain unclear because of occasional reports of “constitutive HSP70s” and the lack of cross-phylum comparisons. Here we provide novel insights into the evolution of these important molecular chaperones. Phylogenetic analyses of 125 full-length HSP70s from a broad range of phyla revealed an ancient duplication that gave rise to two lineages from which all metazoan cytosolic HSP70s descend. One lineage (A) contains a relatively small number of genes from many invertebrate phyla, none of which have been shown to be constitutively expressed (i.e., either inducible or unknown). The other lineage (B) included both inducible and constitutive genes from diverse phyla. Species-specific duplications are present in both lineages, and Lineage B contains well-supported phylum-specific clades for Platyhelminthes, Rotifera, Nematoda, Porifera/Cnidaria, and Chordata. Some genes in Lineage B have likely independently acquired inducibility, which may explain the sporadic distribution of “HSP70” or “HSC70” in previous phylogenetic analyses. Consistent with the diversification history within each group, inducible members show lower purifying selection pressure compared to constitutive members. These results illustrate the evolutionary history of the HSP70 family, encouraging us to propose a new nomenclature: “HSP70 + subcellular localization + linage + copy number in the organism + inducible or constitutive, if known.” e.g., HSP70cA1i for cytosolic Lineage A, copy 1, inducible.
Evaporation and deposition of inclined colloidal droplets
Authors: Kim Jin Young , Gonçalves Marta , Jung Narina , Kim Hyoungsoo , Weon Byung Mook
Published: September 2021

Colloidal droplets on flat solid substrates commonly leave symmetric ring-like deposits due to coffee-ring flows during evaporation. On inclined substrates, droplet shapes may become asymmetric by gravity. On this basis, it is not clear how their evaporation dynamics and final deposits are changed depending on inclination. Here we explore evaporation and deposition dynamics of colloidal droplets on inclined substrates, mainly by controlling colloidal particle size, substrate inclination, and relative humidity, which are crucial to gravitational intervention and evaporation dynamics. We experimentally investigate two different flows with opposite directions: downward sedimentation flows by gravity ($$v_s$$

v
s

) and upward capillary flows by evaporation ($$v_c$$

v
c

). We find that the competition of two flows determines the formation of final deposits with a flow speed ratio of $$\alpha = v_s/v_c$$

α
=

v
s

/

v
c

. Notably, for $$\alpha$$
α
$$\ll$$
≪
1, evaporation-driven upward flows overwhelm sedimentation-driven downward flows, resulting in accentuated particle movement towards the top ring, which seems to defy gravitational intervention. We suggest a possible explanation for the flow speed dependence of final deposits in evaporating colloidal droplets. This study offers a framework to understand the intervention of inclination to the formation of final deposits and how to overcome the deposit pattern radial asymmetry, achieving symmetric deposit widths from inclined colloidal droplets.
Upregulated glycolysis correlates with tumor progression and immune evasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Takahashi Hideyuki , Kawabata-Iwakawa Reika , Ida Shota , Mito Ikko , Tada Hiroe , Chikamatsu Kazuaki
Published: September 2021

Altered metabolism is an emerging hallmark of cancer. Cancer cells preferentially utilize glycolysis for energy production, termed “aerobic glycolysis.” In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the glycolytic activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) using data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We first divided 520 patients with HNSCC into four groups based on the mRNA expression of 16 glycolysis-related genes. The upregulated glycolytic activity positively correlated with human papillomavirus-negative tumor type, advanced T factor, and unfavorable prognosis. The gene set enrichment analysis revealed upregulation of several hallmark pathways, including interferon-alpha response, myc targets, unfolded protein response, transforming growth factor-β signaling, cholesterol homeostasis, and interleukin 6-Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling, in the glycolysis-upregulated groups. Immune cell enrichment analysis revealed decreased infiltration of T cells, dendritic cells, and B cells in the glycolysis-upregulated groups, suggesting impaired tumor antigen presentation, T cell activation, and antibody production in the TME. Moreover, the expression profile of immune-related genes indicated increased immune evasion in the glycolysis-upregulated tumors. Collectively, these findings suggest that transcriptome analysis of glycolytic activity of tumors has the potential as a biomarker for tumor progression and immunological status in patients with HNSCC.
Functional fitness norms and trends of community-dwelling older adults in urban China
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Wang Zhuying , Chung Pak-Kwong , Wang Sheng
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to (1) establish age- and sex-specific functional fitness (FF) norms in Chinese older adults living in urban communities and (2) explore ageing-related degradations and sex differences in each FF dimension. A pool of 2398 individuals (1128 men; 1270 women) aged 60–98 years were recruited from urban communities of Nanjing, China. FF was measured using the Senior Fitness Test battery. FF norms were established for men and women in 5-year age intervals using five percentiles (10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th). Significant degradations in FF were correlated with increases in age. Around half of test items in 75–79 years group (3 for men; 4 for women) and over half in 80–84 years group (5 for men; 4 for women) exhibited significant decreases in FF compared with the adjacent younger group, indicating that ages of 75 and 80 years are two potential turning points in FF declines. Significant differences existed between the overall FF of men and women; women outperformed men in flexibility and men outperformed women in upper body strength, agility/dynamic balance, and aerobic endurance. Significant age and sex effects occurred in each fitness dimension, which helps individualised program design and promotes an active lifestyle in older adults.
Machine learning approaches to predict gestational age in normal and complicated pregnancies via urinary metabolomics analysis
Authors: Yamauchi Takafumi , Ochi Daisuke , Matsukawa Naomi , Saigusa Daisuke , Ishikuro Mami , Obara Taku , Tsunemoto Yoshiki , Kumatani Satsuki , Yamashita Riu , Tanabe Osamu , Minegishi Naoko , Koshiba Seizo , Metoki Hirohito , Kuriyama Shinichi , Yaegashi Nobuo , Yamamoto Masayuki , Nagasaki Masao , Hiyama Satoshi , Sugawara Junichi
Published: September 2021

The elucidation of dynamic metabolomic changes during gestation is particularly important for the development of methods to evaluate pregnancy status or achieve earlier detection of pregnancy-related complications. Some studies have constructed models to evaluate pregnancy status and predict gestational age using omics data from blood biospecimens; however, less invasive methods are desired. Here we propose a model to predict gestational age, using urinary metabolite information. In our prospective cohort study, we collected 2741 urine samples from 187 healthy pregnant women, 23 patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and 14 patients with spontaneous preterm birth. Using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we identified 184 urinary metabolites that showed dynamic systematic changes in healthy pregnant women according to gestational age. A model to predict gestational age during normal pregnancy progression was constructed; the correlation coefficient between actual and predicted weeks of gestation was 0.86. The predicted gestational ages of cases with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy exhibited significant progression, compared with actual gestational ages. This is the first study to predict gestational age in normal and complicated pregnancies by using urinary metabolite information. Minimally invasive urinary metabolomics might facilitate changes in the prediction of gestational age in various clinical settings.
Privacy-first health research with federated learning
Authors: Sadilek Adam , Liu Luyang , Nguyen Dung , Kamruzzaman Methun , Serghiou Stylianos , Rader Benjamin , Ingerman Alex , Mellem Stefan , Kairouz Peter , Nsoesie Elaine O. , MacFarlane Jamie , Vullikanti Anil , Marathe Madhav , Eastham Paul , Brownstein John S. , Arcas Blaise Aguera y. , Howell Michael D. , Hernandez John
Published: September 2021

Privacy protection is paramount in conducting health research. However, studies often rely on data stored in a centralized repository, where analysis is done with full access to the sensitive underlying content. Recent advances in federated learning enable building complex machine-learned models that are trained in a distributed fashion. These techniques facilitate the calculation of research study endpoints such that private data never leaves a given device or healthcare system. We show—on a diverse set of single and multi-site health studies—that federated models can achieve similar accuracy, precision, and generalizability, and lead to the same interpretation as standard centralized statistical models while achieving considerably stronger privacy protections and without significantly raising computational costs. This work is the first to apply modern and general federated learning methods that explicitly incorporate differential privacy to clinical and epidemiological research—across a spectrum of units of federation, model architectures, complexity of learning tasks and diseases. As a result, it enables health research participants to remain in control of their data and still contribute to advancing science—aspects that used to be at odds with each other.
A study of the application of graphite MALDI to the analysis of lanthanides and deconvolution of the isobaric species observed
Authors: Conway Ulric , Warren Alexander D. , Gates Paul J.
Published: September 2021

Deconvolution of the complex isotopic distributions of lanthanide ions generated by graphite MALDI-MS reveals competing ionisation behaviour not previously observed. This is discussed in terms of redox potentials and reactions rates with oxygen.
An optimised small-scale sample preparation workflow for historical dye analysis using UHPLC-PDA applied to Scottish and English Renaissance embroidery
Authors: Sandström Edith , Wyld Helen , Mackay C. Logan , Troalen Lore G. , Hulme Alison N.
Published: September 2021

A sample preparation workflow for historical dye analysis based on 96 well plates and filtration by centrifugation was developed. It requires less sample and the introduced error is decreased, making it useful for culturally important objects.
The emergence of the C–H functionalization strategy in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery
Authors: Jana Ranjan , Begam Hasina Mamataj , Dinda Enakshi
Published: September 2021

The application of representative C–H activation/functionalization reactions for drug synthesis, late-stage modification of pharmacophores, bioconjugation and representative case studies for accelerated drug discovery is highlighted.
Room-temperature phosphorescence of a water-soluble supramolecular organic framework
Authors: Xu Chen , Lin Xiaohan , Wu Wenjun , Ma Xiang
Published: September 2021

A porous water-soluble supramolecular organic framework efficiently exhibiting phosphorescence was developed both in an aqueous phase and in film state at room-temperature.
Early stage of the single-crystal growth and tipping point of the cationic site preference in Gd-doped Zintl phase thermoelectric materials
Authors: Sa Hayeon , Lee Junsu , Hong Yeongjin , Han Mi-Kyung , Jo Hongil , Moon Dohyun , Ok Kang Min , Kim Sung-Jin , You Tae-Soo
Published: September 2021

Three novel Zintl phases in the Ca11−xGdxSb10−y system were synthesized, and the early stage of the single-crystal growth process and the “tipping point” of the cationic site preference for the size-factor criterion were thoroughly investigated.
A perspective on the redox properties of tetrapyrrole macrocycles
Authors: Diers James R. , Kirmaier Christine , Taniguchi Masahiko , Lindsey Jonathan S. , Bocian David F. , Holten Dewey
Published: September 2021

Understanding the redox properties of tetrapyrroles requires deep insights into how structural/electronic alterations affect all four frontier molecular orbitals.
A global transform for the general formulation of liquid viscosities with significant linearizing benefits: a case study on ionic liquid mixtures
Authors: Hekayati Javad , Raeissi Sona
Published: September 2021

A new mathematical space is proposed for the first time with significant benefits over the conventional logarithmic space in linearizing the effect of T variations on viscosity data for concurrent modeling of the viscosity of pure compounds and mixtures.
Diffusion-enhanced exciton dissociation in single-material organic solar cells
Authors: Hoang Nong V. , Nikolis Vasileios C. , Baisinger Lukasz , Vandewal Koen , Pshenichnikov Maxim S.
Published: September 2021

Multiple crossings at the domain boundary with different molecular orientations enhance the exciton dissociation efficiency in single-material organic solar cells.
Predicting1H NMR relaxation in Gd3+-aqua using molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Singer Philip M. , Parambathu Arjun Valiya , Pinheiro dos Santos Thiago J. , Liu Yunke , Alemany Lawrence B. , Hirasaki George J. , Chapman Walter G. , Asthagiri Dilip
Published: September 2021

MD simulations of1H NMR relaxivityr1for Gd3+-aqua agree within ≃8% of measurements abovef0≳ 5 MHz, without any adjustable parameters or relaxation models. The technique shows potential for simulatingr1in chelated Gd3+contrast-agents used for clinical MRI.
Double layer capacitances analysed with impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry: validity and limits of the constant phase element parameterization
Authors: Schalenbach Maximilian , Durmus Yassin Emre , Tempel Hermann , Kungl Hans , Eichel Rüdiger-A.
Published: September 2021

At small amplitudes, the equilibrium positions of the ions are changed. High amplitudes lead to a drastic distortion of the ion arrangement in the double layer, increasing the capacitance and asymmetric ion movements.
Macrocycle-derived hierarchical porous organic polymers: synthesis and applications
Authors: Chen Weiben , Chen Pei , Zhang Guang , Xing Guolong , Feng Yu , Yang Ying-Wei , Chen Long
Published: September 2021

This review article specifically highlights the synthetic strategies and promising applications of macrocycle-derived hierarchical porous organic polymers (POPs).
Highly selective electroreduction of nitrate to ammonia on a Ru-doped tetragonal Co2P monolayer with low-limiting overpotential
Authors: Wu Jie , Yu Yang-Xin
Published: September 2021

A Ru-doped Co2P monolayer is constructed to modulate the d-band center close to the value at the volcano top and its limiting potential is −0.38 V, exhibiting excellent activity as well as selectivity.
Fabrication of magnetically separable ruthenium nanoparticles decorated on channelled silica microspheres: Efficient catalysts for chemoselective hydrogenation of nitroarenes
Authors: Kalita Gauravjyoti D. , Das Manash R. , Das Pankaj
Published: September 2021

Magnetic mesoporous Ru nanoparticle decorated catalysts equipped with nanochannels for chemoselective hydrogenation of nitroarenes to amine: influence of nano-channeling on catalytic performance.
An azido-bridged [FeII4] grid-like molecule showing spin crossover behaviour
Authors: Guo Zhilin , You Maolin , Deng Yi-Fei , Liu Qiang , Meng Yin-Shan , Pikramenou Zoe , Zhang Yuan-Zhu
Published: September 2021

The first azido-bridged spin crossover complex with a [FeII4] grid core (T1/2 = 230 K) was successfully engineered through supramolecular coordination assembly, and it also exhibited a clear synergy between the SCO event and luminescence.
Photophysics and reverse saturable absorption of cationic dinuclear iridium(iii) complexes bearing fluorenyl-tethered 2-(quinolin-2-yl)quinoxaline ligands
Authors: Lu Cuifen , Lu Taotao , Cui Peng , Kilina Svetlana , Sun Wenfang
Published: September 2021

Dinuclear Ir(iii) complexes tethered by fluorenyl motif exhibited weak 1,3MLCT/1,3LLCT absorption at >500 nm, dual phosphorescence, broad triplet excited-state absorption, and reverse saturable absorption at 532 nm.
An aqueous polyethylene oxide-based solid-state electrolyte with high voltage stability for dendrite-free lithium deposition via a self-healing electrostatic shield
Authors: Liu Wen , Qiu Bin , Yan Jiawei , He Chuanxin , Zhang Peixin , Mi Hongwei
Published: September 2021

The BC-PEO-Cs+ electrolyte enables uniform and dendrite-free Li deposition by self-healing electrostatic shield and presents wide electrochemical stability window of 5.8 V as well as enhanced rate capability.
Lactobacillus paracasei L9 improves colitis by expanding butyrate-producing bacteria that inhibit the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Deng Min , Wu Xi , Duan Xiaoyue , Xu Jiuzhi , Yang Xu , Sheng Xiaole , Lou Pengbo , Shao Chunlei , Lv Cong , Yu Zhengquan
Published: September 2021

We demonstrated that Lactobacillus paracasei L9 attenuates DSS-induced colitis by expanding butyrate-producing bacteria and inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Food-derived cyanidin-3-O-glucoside alleviates oxidative stress: evidence from the islet cell line and diabetic db/db mice
Authors: Ye Xiang , Chen Wen , Tu Pengcheng , Jia Ruoyi , Liu Yangyang , Li Yonglu , Tang Qiong , Zheng Xiaodong , Chu Qiang
Published: September 2021

C3G can effectively relieve cellular oxidative stress induced by HG and PA. The antioxidant effect of C3G was achieved by activating mitophagy via the PINK1-PARKIN signaling pathway.
Bioinspired photocatalysed C–H fluoroalkylation of arenes in water promoted by native vitamin B12 and Rose Bengal
Authors: Yerien Damian E. , Postigo Al , Baroncini Massimo , Barata-Vallejo Sebastián
Published: September 2021

Fluoroalkylation of activated arenes was accomplished in water employing the dyad Rose Bengal and unmodified vitamin B12 as photocatalyst and co-catalyst respectively, with fluoroalkyl bromides as radical sources, under green LEDs irradiation.
Establishment of a human three-dimensional chip-based chondro-synovial coculture joint model for reciprocal cross talk studies in arthritis research
Authors: Rothbauer Mario , Byrne Ruth A. , Schobesberger Silvia , Olmos Calvo Isabel , Fischer Anita , Reihs Eva I. , Spitz Sarah , Bachmann Barbara , Sevelda Florian , Holinka Johannes , Holnthoner Wolfgang , Redl Heinz , Toegel Stefan , Windhager Reinhard , Kiener Hans P. , Ertl Peter
Published: September 2021

In the current study we have developed a chondro-synovial joint-on-a-chip model that comprises of hydrogel-based human synovial and cartilage organoids for arthritic tissue cross-talk studies.
Metal–organic framework/carbon nitride nanosheets composites (TMU-49/CNNSs): efficient photocatalyst for aerobic oxidation of alcohols under visible light
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Mohammad , Karimi Meghdad , Safarifard Vahid
Published: September 2021

The TMU-49/CNNSs composite was used as a photocatalyst for oxidation of alcohols.
Elucidating the chemiexcitation of dioxetanones by replacing the peroxide bond with S–S, N–N and C–C bonds
Authors: Magalhães Carla M. , González-Berdullas Patricia , Esteves da Silva Joaquim C. G. , Pinto da Silva Luís
Published: September 2021

Replacing the peroxide bond of dioxetanone prevents chemiluminescence by making its thermolysis energetically unfavorable and without a singlet chemiexcitation pathway.
Alloying effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Ti-based alloyed thin films
Authors: Hou Zhaoqi , Zhang Jinyu , Zhang Peng , Wu Kai , Wang Yaqiang , Liu Gang , Zhang Guojun , Sun Jun
Published: September 2021

The plastic deformation of nanocrystalline Ti alloyed films is mainly mediated by the partial dislocation mechanism emanating from grain boundaries.
MnO2-coated porous Pt@CeO2 core–shell nanostructures for photoacoustic imaging-guided tri-modal cancer therapy
Authors: Xu Qing , Li Danyang , Zhou Haijun , Chen Biaoqi , Wang Junlei , Wang Shi-Bin , Chen Aizheng , Jiang Nina
Published: September 2021

We develop a multifunctional theranostic nano-platform based on MnO2-coated porous Pt@CeO2 core–shell nanostructures (Pt@CeO2@MnO2).
A digital SERS sensing platform using 3D nanolaminate plasmonic crystals coupled with Au nanoparticles for accurate quantitative detection of dopamine
Authors: Nam Wonil , Kim Wansun , Zhou Wei , You Eun-Ah
Published: September 2021

We developed a digital SERS platform using the arrays of 3D nanolaminate plasmonic crystals coupled with Au nanoparticles and digital (on/off) signal analysis for the accurate quantitative detection of low-abundance dopamine molecules.
Fast response photogating in monolayer MoS2 phototransistors
Authors: Vaquero Daniel , Clericò Vito , Salvador-Sánchez Juan , Díaz Elena , Domínguez-Adame Francisco , Chico Leonor , Meziani Yahya M. , Diez Enrique , Quereda Jorge
Published: September 2021

We identify a rapidly-responding mechanism for photogating in monolayer MoS2 phototransistors that becomes the dominant contribution to photoresponse under high-frequency light modulation.
Core–shell NaErF4@NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles qualify as a NIR speckle wavemeter for a visible CCD
Authors: Wang Tianliang , Li Yi , Yan Long , Liang Qin , Wang Xu , Tao Jinchao , Yang Jing , Qiu Yanqing , Meng Yanlong , Mao Bangning , Zhao Shilong , Zhou Pengwei , Zhou Bo
Published: September 2021

This work demonstrated a NIR speckle wavemeter using a visible CCD assisted by prepared NaErF4@NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles. High wavelength precision was achieved through a designed neural network and cylindrical random scattering waveguide.
Dynamic motions and architectural changes in DNA supramolecular aggregates visualized via transmission electron microscopy without liquid cells
Authors: Lu Zhuoyang , Liu Xiangyang , He Maogang , Long Jiangang , Liu Jiankang
Published: September 2021

The nonvolatility and remarkable solvation property of ionic liquids is exploited to image the dynamic processes of DNA supramolecular aggregates and gold nanoparticle aggregates at nanometer resolution in an unsealed manner.
Mechanism of ultrafast energy transfer between the organic–inorganic layers in multiple-ring aromatic spacers for 2D perovskites
Authors: Elshanawany Mahmoud M. , Ricciardulli Antonio Gaetano , Saliba Michael , Wachtveitl Josef , Braun Markus
Published: September 2021

2D hybrid perovskites are stoichiometric compounds consisting of alternating inorganic metal–halide sheets and organic cations. Here we show ultrafast energy transfer pathways between lead halide excitons and chromophore singlet or triplet states.
Application of combined cyanide sources in cyanation reactions
Authors: Wang Lu , Shao Ying , Cheng Jiang
Published: September 2021

The cyanation reaction is a key transformation due to the wide-ranging applications of nitrile compounds in organic chemistry.
Theoretical insight into the origins of chemo- and diastereo-selectivity in the palladium-catalysed (3 + 2) cyclisation of 5-alkenyl thiazolones
Authors: Qi Ting , Fu Shuai , Zhang Xiang , Liu Ting-Hao , Li Qing-Zhu , Gou Chuan , Li Jun-Long
Published: September 2021

The mechanism of the palladium-catalysed (3 + 2) cyclisation of 5-alkenyl thiazolones and VECs has been investigated from a computational perspective, and the origins of unique chemoselectivity and excellent diastereoselectivity have been disclosed.
Effects of aluminum chloride and coenzyme Q10 on the molecular structure of lipids and the morphology of the brain hippocampus cells
Authors: Saeed Abdu , Qusti Safaa Y. , Almarwani Rawan Hamdan , Jambi Ebtihaj J. , Alshammari Eida M. , Gusty Naeem F. , Balgoon Maha J.
Published: September 2021

Although the AlCl3affected the molecular structure of lipids and the morphology of the brain hippocampus cells, the CoQ10 showed a powerful therapeutic antioxidant being helped restore the hippocampal neurons to their normal state.
Eco-friendly estimation of isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine hydrochloride using Green Analytical Quality by Design-based UPLC Method
Authors: Chanduluru Hemanth Kumar , Sugumaran Abimanyu
Published: September 2021

Analysing isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine by using an eco-friendly method is an initial stepping stone towards environmentally benign method development, and its combination with the AQbD makes it the method to use for ages without revalidation.
Fabrication and characterisation of a silicon-borosilicate glass microfluidic device for synchrotron-based hard X-ray spectroscopy studies
Authors: Micheal Raj Pushparani , Barbe Laurent , Andersson Martin , De Albuquerque Moreira Milena , Haase Dörthe , Wootton James , Nehzati Susan , Terry Ann E. , Friel Ross J. , Tenje Maria , Sigfridsson Clauss Kajsa G. V.
Published: September 2021

Left – A schematic view of the XAS microfluidic set up at the beamline; fluorescence detector at 90° angle to the X-ray beam (green line); right – microfluidic device setup on Balder beamline mounted perpendicular to beam path.
Large-area growth of SnS2 nanosheets by chemical vapor deposition for high-performance photodetectors
Authors: Chen Ying , Zhang Man
Published: September 2021

Large-area SnS2 nanosheets were grown through a CVD method by using SnCl2 on SiO2/Si substrates as the precursors. The SnS2 nanosheets-based photodetectors shown high-performance.
Aggregation-induced delayed fluorescence luminogens: the innovation of purely organic emitters for aqueous electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Zhang Baohua , Kong Yi , Liu Huijun , Chen Bin , Zhao Bolin , Luo Yelin , Chen Lijuan , Zhang Yuwei , Han Dongxue , Zhao Zujin , Tang Ben Zhong , Niu Li
Published: September 2021

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) using an aggregation-induced delayed fluorescence (AIDF) organic luminogen, i.e. AIDF-ECL, was reported for the first time, featuring “lighting” dark triplets (ca. 75% in total) for all-exciton-harvesting ECL applications.
Tuning product selectivity in CO2hydrogenation over metal-based catalysts
Authors: Wang Ling-Xiang , Wang Liang , Xiao Feng-Shou
Published: September 2021

A series of metal oxide, phosphate, alloy, and carbide-based catalysts for selective CO2hydrogenation are summarized, showing their abilities to switch CO2methanation to RWGS.
A multifunctional molecular ferroelectric with chiral features, a high Curie temperature, large spontaneous polarization and photoluminescence: (C9H14N)2CdBr4
Authors: Li Yu-Kong , Lai Yuan-Yuan , Ying Ting-Ting , Han Ding-Chong , Tan Yu-Hui , Tang Yun-Zhi , Du Peng-kang , Zhang Hao
Published: September 2021

A novel molecular ferroelectric (C9H14N)2CdBr4 with high Curie temperature (Tc = 395 K), strong CD signal, large spontaneous polarization, clear ferroelectric domain and fluorescence characteristics.
Scalable nanomanufacturing of chalcogenide inks: a case study on thermoelectric V–VI nanoplates
Authors: Zeng Minxiang , Xie Hongyao , Saeidi-Javash Mortaza , Tanvir A.N.M. , Du Yipu , Chen Jiahao , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Zhang Yanliang
Published: September 2021

We investigate scalable factors for the synthesis of thermoelectric V–VI chalcogenide nanoplates and systematically study their colloidal behavior and chemical stability in various ink formulations for solution-based additive manufacturing.
Photo-accelerated Co3+/Co2+ transformation on cobalt and phosphorus co-doped g-C3N4 for Fenton-like reaction
Authors: Liu Xiaomei , Li Yang , Fan Xiaobin , Zhang Fengbao , Zhang Guoliang , Peng Wenchao
Published: September 2021

The synergistic effect of photo-catalysis and chemical-catalysis and a faster Co3+/Co2+ redox cycle result in efficient PDS activation for AOPs.
A topological quantum catalyst: the case of two-dimensional traversing nodal line states associated with high catalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Lirong , Zhang Xiaoming , Meng Weizhen , Liu Ying , Dai Xuefang , Liu Guodong
Published: September 2021

Cu2C2N4 sheet as a 2D topological quantum catalyst with high edge activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Fe2Co2Nb2O9: a magnetoelectric honeycomb antiferromagnet
Authors: Maignan Antoine , Martin Christine , Tailleur Elodie , Damay Françoise , Mostovoy Maxim , Wang Xiao , Hu Zhiwei , Lin Hong-Ji , Chen Chien-Te , Tjeng Liu Hao , Suard Emmanuelle , Fauth François
Published: September 2021

In Fe2Co2Nb2O9, magneto-electric ME poling induces below TN an electric polarization P whose magnitude increases with the magnetic field H. Large P values and steep P responses to H are explained by a microscopic model based on the random distribution of Fe and Co.
Carbazole&benzoindole-based purely organic phosphors: a comprehensive phosphorescence mechanism, tunable lifetime and an advanced encryption system
Authors: Qian Chen , Ma Zhimin , Yang Bingxin , Li Xianjiang , Sun Jiayao , Li Zewei , Jiang Hong , Chen Mingxing , Jia Xinru , Ma Zhiyong
Published: September 2021

The same molecule synthesized from different carbazoles may show various properties, which originate from the trace isomer in purchased carbazole. By changing the content of isomers, the phosphorescence lifetime can be quantitatively adjusted.
Detection of decomposition products of SF6/air gas mixture by electron attachment mass spectrometry
Authors: Yuan Huan , Wang Xiaonan , Yang Aijun , Liu Dingxin , Wang Xiaohua , Rong Mingzhe
Published: September 2021

Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) is widely used in gas insulation, and its decomposition products can be used to diagnose potential insulation failures. Quick and accurate detection of decomposition products can help to understand equipment‐operating conditions in time. In this study, the decomposition products of SF6/air gas mixtures under different pulsed discharge voltages were studied. It was found that the main products were SOF2, SO2F2, SO2, CF4 and SOF4, and the yields of SOF2, SO2F2, SO2 and SOF4 increased with the number of discharge pulse. The productive rate of SOF2, SO2 and SOF4 were positively correlated with the discharge voltage, and when the discharge voltage increased from 5 to 15 kV, their yields after 50,000 discharges increased by 49%, 120% and 1100%, respectively. The productive rate of SOF2 and SO2 were positively correlated with the proportion of air in the gas mixtures while that of SOF4 was opposite. When the proportion of air increases from 0% to 90%, their yields after 50,000 discharges became 270%, 3169% and 10% of the originals, respectively. In addition, the productive rate of SO2F2 was not affected by discharge voltage and the proportion of air in the gas mixtures. SO2F2, SOF2, SOF4 and SO2 can be used as the basis for judging the discharge failures and the discharge degree of power equipment.
Resilient path‐following control of autonomous vehicles subject to intermittent denial‐of‐service attacks
Authors: Wang Yulei , Bian Ning , Zhang Lin , Huang Yanjun , Chen Hong
Published: September 2021

An autonomous vehicle (AV) is a cyber‐physical system (CPS) incorporating dynamics, perception sensors (e.g. camera and radar), embedded electronic control units (ECUs) and in‐vehicle networking (e.g. CAN, LIN and FlexRay).Achieving path‐following control of an AV to track a desired path is therefore a highly non‐linear task that is naturally vulnerable to denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. Considering that DoS attacks can inhibit the services of a control system by overwhelming the performance capabilities of the ECUs or the bus, this paper investigates the cyber‐physical system problem of path‐following control for AVs under intermittent DoS attacks. To solve this problem, we propose resilient observer‐based non‐linear control based on the triple‐step approach. The core ideas behind this method are the integrated design of the observer and feedback gains incorporating the DoS duration and the convex design of controller parameters by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. The proposed control scheme guarantees that the closed‐loop system maintains input‐to‐stable stability, while the error signals theoretically converge to a small neighbourhood of the origin. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is confirmed by the simulation results obtained for a high‐fidelity veDYNA full‐vehicle model with different driving tests and DoS attacks.
A switchable polarisation conversion/in‐phase reflection metasurface and its application
Authors: Zhang Jiaolong , Jiang Wen , Wei Kun
Published: September 2021

A switchable polarisation conversion/in‐phase reflection metasurface (PCIPR‐MS) based on a Pin diode is proposed in this study. By changing the working state of the Pin diode, the PCIPR‐MS can be used as a polarisation conversion metasurface (PCM) and an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC), respectively. Furthermore, the designed PCIPR‐MS can be arranged into a checkerboard surface to integrate with the antenna, which means that the PCIPR‐MS can be flexibly switched to control the radiation and scattering characteristics of the antenna in a time‐sharing manner. The simulation results show that the 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is 4.31 to 6.14 GHz (35%) with the application of the AMC as the metal ground plane of the antenna in the radiation state, and the right‐hand circularly polarised (RHCP) gain is enhanced by more than 1.5 dB from 4.65 to 5.80 GHz in a low‐profile compared with the reference antennas. By using the PCM, phase cancelation is achieved in the scattering state of the antenna to realise the low‐RCS characteristics.
Performance analysis of transmissive modified cladding optical fibre sensors
Authors: Dehdashti Jahromi Hamed
Published: September 2021

Optical fibre sensors with modified cladding have been a topic of great interest for decades. Thanks to the new techniques of fabricating nanostructured films, this interest has been renewed. Although there have been many increases in published experimental research, no comprehensive theoretical formulation of the structure is reported in the literature. In this study, a general theory for transmissive modified cladding optical fibre sensors is presented. The model is formulated based on the electromagnetic fields and optical power in the core and cladding of a step‐index fibre. The model considers various parameters, especially the radius of the optical fibre core, modified cladding refractive index, and light wavelength. The sensitivity, response, and optical transmission of the sensor are analysed as a function of the parameters. The analyses show that optical transmission reduces dramatically when the modified cladding refractive index approaches the refractive index of the core of the fibre and results in higher sensor response and sensitivity. Increasing the core radius of the fibre will result in lower sensor response with higher sensitivity. Both parameters will increase for a light with a larger wavelength. The results are in good agreement with experimental evidence.
Stereoscopic measurements of coronal Doppler velocities
Authors: Podladchikova O. , Harra L. , Barczynski K. , Mandrini C. H. , Auchère F. , Berghmans D. , Buchlin É. , Dolla L. , Mierla M. , Parenti S. , Rodriguez L.
Published: September 2021

Context. The Solar Orbiter mission, with an orbit outside the Sun-Earth line and leaving the ecliptic plane, opens up opportunities for the combined analysis of measurements obtained by solar imagers and spectrometers. For the first time different space spectrometers will be located at wide angles to each other, allowing three-dimensional (3D) spectroscopy of the solar atmosphere.

Aims. The aim of this work is to prepare a methodology to facilitate the reconstruction of 3D vector velocities from two stereoscopic line of sight (LOS) Doppler velocity measurements using the Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) on board the Solar Orbiter and the near-Earth spectrometers, while widely separated in space.

Methods. We developed the methodology using the libraries designed earlier for the STEREO mission, but applied to spectroscopic data from the Hinode mission and the Solar Dynamics Observatory. We used well-known methods of static and dynamic solar rotation stereoscopy and the methods of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) stereoscopic triangulation for optically thin coronal EUV plasma emissions. We developed new algorithms using analytical geometry in space to determine the 3D velocity in coronal loops.

Results. We demonstrate our approach with the reconstruction of 3D velocity vectors in plasma flows along ‘open’ and ‘closed’ magnetic loops. This technique will be applied to an actual situation of two spacecraft at different separations with spectrometers on board during the Solar Orbiter nominal phase: SPICE versus the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) and Hinode imaging spectrometer. We summarise how these observations can be coordinated.
Distribution of the coronal temperature in Seyfert 1 galaxies
Authors: Akylas A. , Georgantopoulos I.
Published: September 2021

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) produce copious amounts of X-rays through the corona, the region of hot gas that lies close to the accretion disk. The temperature of the corona can be accurately determined by the cut-off signature in the X-ray spectrum. Owing to the high temperatures in the corona, observations well above 10 keV are necessary. Here, we explore the NuSTAR observations of 118 Seyfert 1 AGN selected using Gehrels/Swift. We modelled the spectrum using a single power-law with an exponential cut-off modified by neutral and ionised absorption as well as a reflection component. We found secure spectral cut-off estimates in 62 sources, while for the remaining ones, we derived only the lower limits. The resulting mean value is 103 keV, with a skewed distribution towards large energies with a large dispersion. When we consider the lower limits using survival analysis techniques, the mean cut-off energy becomes significantly larger, that is, about 200 keV. Because of various limitations (e.g., limited spectral passband, photon statistics, model degeneracies), we performed extensive simulations to explore the underlying spectral cut-off distribution. We find that an intrinsic spectral cut-off distribution, which has a Maxwell-Boltzmann shape with a mean value in the range of 160–200 keV, can reproduce the observations sufficiently well. Finally, our spectral analysis places very stringent constraints on both the photon index (Γ = 1.77 ± 0.01) as well as on the reflection component (R = 0.69 ± 0.04) of the Seyfert 1 population. From the values of the spectral cut-off and the photon-index, we deduce that the mean optical depth of the AGN corona is approximately τe = 1.82 ± 0.14 and its mean temperature is approximately kTe = 65 ± 10 keV.
L’Exposome
Authors: Giroux Élodie , Fayet Yohan , Serviant-Fine Thibaut
Published: September 2021

Dans un contexte post-génomique, le concept d’exposome a été introduit par Christopher Wild pour proposer une approche unifiée des expositions et fédérer différents champs disciplinaires de la recherche en santé et environnement. L’approche « exposomique » se caractérise par la volonté de développer une analyse à la fois intégrative, longitudinale et plus précise des expositions, et cela principalement grâce à l’identification de biomarqueurs. L’usage du concept d’exposome, qui se révèle particulièrement plastique, constitue un terrain d’exploration privilégié des enjeux et tensions entre approches holiste et réductionniste dans les sciences de la santé. Cet article propose une analyse de ce concept, ainsi que des promesses qui lui sont associées.
Aux origines des neurosciences
Authors: Paillette Céline , Griset Pascal , Agid Yves
Published: September 2021

Depuis les bosses crâniennes censées refléter le caractère (une théorie désignée sous le nom de théorie de la phrénologie) jusqu’au « cerveau électrique », en passant par l’avènement de la théorie neuronale, l’histoire du cerveau et du système nerveux du début duXIXesiècle jusqu’aux années 1940 révèle un large éventail, tant au regard de la pluralité des disciplines et des techniques utilisées qu’à celui des acteurs multiples qui s’y intéressent ; et cela, des sciences populaires aux instituts de recherche les plus réputés. La relation avec les sociétés est fondamentale : controverses, médiatisation et contestation des pratiques médicales, guerres, mais aussi innovations techniques, institutionnalisation et internationalisation croissantes de ces champs scientifiques. C’est dans ce passé pluriel que les neurosciences contemporaines puisent leurs origines.
Imaging Manifestations of Accessory Cavitated Uterine Mass—A Rare Mullerian Anomaly
Authors: Putta Tharani , John Reetu , Simon Betty , Sathyakumar Kirthi , Chandramohan Anuradha , Eapen Anu
Published: September 2021

Context Accessory cavitated uterine mass (ACUM) is an uncommon and under-recognized entity with distinct imaging characteristics and causing significant patient distress. Differentiating it from its other clinical and radiological differentials is therefore extremely important and prevents delay in surgical management which is the treatment of choice.

Aims The aim of the study is to describe the MRI appearance of the surgically and pathologically proven ACUM cases from our institution in the last 2 years.

Settings and Design This is a retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Methods and Material We reviewed the clinical presentations and imaging findings of seven surgically proven cases of ACUM qualifying the proposed diagnostic criteria.

Results All patients presented with chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and prolonged post-menstrual pain. MRI in all seven cases showed an intramural, noncommunicating, and cavitating lesion near the uterine cornua with internal contents similar to that of endometrioma. Although the cavity was lined by endometrium in all the cases (proven in pathology), it was well appreciable on MRI in only five cases. The rest of the uterine myometrium and main endometrial cavity were normal with no features of adenomyosis.

Conclusion MRI is a reliable diagnostic tool for accurate diagnosis of ACUM, and more importantly, in distinguishing it from other causes of chronic pelvic pain like adenomyosis and endometriosis and other imaging differentials like adenomyoma, noncommunicating uterine horn, and degenerating leiomyoma.
Hepatobiliary and Gastrointestinal Involvement in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis—Spectrum of Three Cases
Authors: Pratap Thara , Jalal Muhammed Jasim Abdul , R. Rashmi , Gopalakrishnabhakthan Anupama , AK Vishnu
Published: September 2021

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare group of disorder, due to clonal neoplastic proliferation of dendritic cells in the bone marrow expressing a Langerhans cell phenotype.1 This disease particularly affects the pediatric age group and young adults and often presents with skin rashes, lung infiltrates, and bone lesions. It can also manifest with endocrine dysfunction and hematopoietic disorders. Involvement of gastrointestinal tract is very rare. Herein, we present a spectrum of three cases with gastrointestinal involvement.