bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accountability in Malaysian Islamic Social Enterprises (ISEs): Stakeholder Versus Management Perspectives
Authors: Kamaruddin Muhammad Iqmal Hisham , Md Auzair Sofiah
Published: November 2020

This study compares stakeholder and management perspectives on accountability practices in Malaysian Islamic Social Enterprises (ISEs). Two sets of questionnaires were used in the survey for this study. The first set was answered randomly by 100 ISE stakeholders, and the second set was answered by the management from 102 Malaysian ISEs. The findings showed that both ISE stakeholders and ISE management have mixed agreement for all six proposed accountability dimensions. Based on this result, Malaysian ISEs need to improve their accountability practices, particularly with regard to input, output and procedures. The accountability measurement proposed in this study could also be used by other ISEs as indicators to evaluate their accountability practices.
State Ownership and Risk-Taking Behaviour: Evidence from Malaysia’s Banking Industry
Authors: Lee Ai-Xin , Hooy Chee-Wooi
Published: November 2020

This study investigates state ownership on risk-taking behaviour in Malaysia’s banking industry. Using the panel of Malaysian commercial banks, this paper examines whether banks’ risk-taking is affected by Malaysian government ownership through the five largest investment arms of Malaysia (GLICs). The findings show that state-owned banks exhibit higher risk-taking behaviour compared to the private-owned banks in terms of loans. There is evidence that a higher degree of state ownership has a more significant impact on banks’ risk-taking behaviour. We also investigate the relationship with corporate governance mechanisms. The findings suggest that the composition of board of directors somehow plays a significant role in the governance of banks.
Overview of paper and papermaking in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Cai Mengling
Published: November 2020

Papermaking in Xinjiang has a long history beginning during the Han Dynasty, to which a good many ancient documents excavated there bear witness. As an important trans­mitter of culture along the Silk Road, paper bears the imprint of the historical development of Xinjiang. Paper and papermaking techniques in Xinjiang are therefore of great historical and cultural importance. This article gives an overview of the development of traditional paper­making in Xinjiang, especially the mulberry papermaking in the Hotan area, by presenting its history, the raw materials used, papermaking and processing techniques, usages and the revival of handmade mulberry paper today in order to demonstrate its diverse values.
Pre-Hospital Advanced Life Support Resuscitation Training: A Pilot of An Evidence-Based Curriculum
Authors: Reid David , Sim Moira , Beatty Shelley , Grantham Hugh , Gale Mike
Published: November 2020

Introduction

There is a broad evidence base to support advanced life support (ALS) education for healthcare professionals being structured, realistic and inclusive of a range of human factors. This paper outlines the results of a pilot ALS resuscitation course tailored for providers working in pre-hospital resource-limited settings. The focus on the pre-hospital ALS environment, team mix, techniques, skills and equipment are important because actions taken by pre-hospital healthcare professionals have a critical impact on the likelihood of patient survival.

Methods

A pre-hospital ALS course was piloted following research into the need for a course and development of a pre-hospital-specific curriculum, based on Australian Resuscitation Council (ARC) guidelines. There were 13 pilot courses run, involving 66 participants. Participants all worked in the pre-hospital environment and held qualifications ranging from a Certificate IV in Healthcare through to postgraduate paramedicine qualifications. The pre-hospital ALS course consisted of theory and practical elements, pre-reading and a pre- and post-course quiz. Feedback was sought from course participants and an expert panel was consulted on the findings.

Results

Participants and the Expert Panel indicated that a pre-hospital ALS course should follow current recommendations of the ARC and be delivered to persons with sufficient underpinning knowledge of ALS resuscitation. The course should include pre-reading on ALS protocols and a pre-test followed by one day of face-to-face teaching using equipment reflective of the pre-hospital environment. Scenarios should be relevant to the pre-hospital setting and involve varying numbers of responders. Participants should be assessed on a continual basis during the course.

Conclusion

To improve participant confidence in the delivery of ALS and maximise the likelihood of patient survival, pre-hospital ALS resuscitation education for pre-hospital providers should follow ARC guidelines, include pre-course reading and practical simulation that reflects participants’ day-to-day employment.
Der Kampf um das Strafrecht
Authors: Soyer Richard , Stuefer Alexia
Published: November 2020

Ein weiteres Mal leidenschaftlich kritisch: das neue Buch von Richard Soyer und Alexia Stuefer Nicht nur beim Titel dieses Buches, sondern auch bei einem Großteil der Beiträge von Richard Soyer und Alexia Stuefer schwingt eine Sorge um das Strafrecht mit, um seine liberale Prägung und um seine zivilisatorische Kraft, die es verliert, wenn es aus beliebigen Anlässen zum Spielball der Politik wird. "Im Kampfe sollst du dein Recht finden" lautet eine der zentralen Aussagen des 1874 von Rudolf von Jhering in Wien gehaltenen Vortrags "Der Kampf um´s Recht". Nicht alle, aber manche der Texte in diesem Buch entstanden im Kampf um das Recht. Seit Erscheinen des Vorläuferbandes "Dem Strafrecht verschrieben" 2015 waren aus Sicht der beiden AutorInnen nicht Abrüstungs-, sondern Aufrüstungstendenzen zu beobachten. Tiefgreifende Eingriffe in fundamentale Grundrechte schleichen sich auf leisen Pfoten in die Rechtsordnung ein und zeigen sich im Strafrecht in schärfster Form. Ein klarer Blick, gelebte Fairness und Gerechtigkeit sind in Zeiten des Umbruchs und der Neuorientierung notwendige Voraussetzungen für eine positive weitere Entwicklung. Zukunftsweisende Kriminalpolitik wird rechtsstaatliche Prinzipien beharrlich verteidigen, ihre Visionen mit Blick auf EU-rechtliche und internationale Standards und Errungenschaften behutsam und besonnen verwirklichen. Die neuen Texte lassen sich unabhängig voneinander lesen und schreiben gleichzeitig die im erwähnten Band gesammelten Beiträge der Jahre 2010 bis 2015 in die Gegenwart fort.
Mapeamento das incapacidades cinésio-funcionais de acordo com a CIF em pessoas diagnosticadas com hansení­ase
Authors: Carregosa Elisvânia Barroso , Cunha de Souza Vivian Tais , Santana Lucimaria de Souza , De Sales Suelane Rosa , Bomfim Mayara Santos , Amado Fernanda Paixão , Oliveira Aionara Figueirêdo , Batista Thaisa Soares Caldas , Schneiberg Sheila
Published: November 2020

As sequelas da hansení­ase interferem no bem-estar fí­sico, na vida pessoal e socioeconômica. Devido a essa complexidade, fica difí­cil relatar objetivamente a abrangência do impacto da hansení­ase, porém, o modelo de Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) surgiu para classificar as condições de doença e suas consequências biopsicossociais, facilitando o diagnóstico clí­nico funcional de uma maneira mais realí­stica, além da esfera biomédica. O objetivo deste estudo foi mapear as incapacidades cinésio-funcionais de pessoas com hansení­ase utilizando a CIF. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com amostra composta por pessoas com hansení­ase, recrutadas no Centro de Especialidades Médicas de Aracaju e Hospital Universitário. Para coleta de dados foram utilizadas avaliações padronizadas e validadas, representando cada domí­nio da CIF. A análise foi descritiva e as disfunções, que foram prevalentes em 5% dos participantes, foram selecionadas como relevantes. Participaram 29 voluntários, 44,9 (±13,72) anos, 60% sexo masculino. As incapacidades funcionais mais presentes foram: 1) Estrutura do corpo - "Estrutura das áreas da pele - s810" com 78%; 2) Função do corpo - "Função tátil - b265" e "Funções relacionadas a força muscular - b730" com 100% de presença; 3) Atividade - "Levantar e carregar objetos - d430" e "Andar - d450" apresentaram limitação em 100% dos participantes; 4) Participação "Recreação e Lazer - d920" foi observada em 89% dos participantes; 5) Impacto ambiental - "Serviços, sistemas e polí­ticas de saúde - e580" em 56% dos participantes e nos fatores pessoais o estigma com 100% de presença. Este estudo determinou quais aspectos biopsicossociais são os mais relevantes em pessoas com hansení­ase e os seus resultados podem ser usados como planejamento de prevenção e tratamento dessa doença.Palavras-chave: hansení­ase, Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde, avaliação da deficiência.
Uso de prancha de baixo custo para avaliação do equilí­brio de indiví­duos hemiparéticos
Authors: Barbosa Ana Caroline dos Santos , Dias Caroline Prudente , Da Paixão Marta Caroline Araújo , Corrêa Regina da Rocha , Rocha Larissa Salgado de Oliveira
Published: November 2020

Introdução: Na hemiparesia há uma inadequada descarga de peso nos membros inferiores que geram déficits de equilí­brio, sendo as pranchas de equilí­brio imprescindí­veis para avaliação. Objetivo: Verificar a aplicabilidade clí­nica de uma prancha de baixo custo e da Escala de Equilí­brio de Berg (EEB) na avaliação do equilí­brio e a distribuição de peso nos membros inferiores de pacientes hemiparéticos. Métodos: Estudo piloto, transversal, quantitativo, de inovação tecnológica que realizou avaliação de 21 indiví­duos acometidos com Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) por uma prancha de baixo custo. Resultados: Houve predominância de AVE isquêmico e hemiparesia direita. Na avaliação com a prancha, participantes com hemiparesia direita descarregaram maior peso na região do retropé, tanto com os pés juntos quanto na largura do quadril, enquanto os que possuem hemiparesia esquerda houve diferenças nas posições, com os pés juntos, pois a maioria descarregou o peso na região do antepé, enquanto com os pés na largura do quadril descarregaram na região do retropé. Quanto a avaliação pela EEB, as atividades funcionais que necessitavam de maior sustentação obtiveram menores médias, porém não houve correlação estatisticamente significativa com as posições sobre a prancha. Conclusão: A avaliação em saúde por meio da prancha de baixo custo torna-se um instrumento importante para identificar as alterações do equilí­brio e realizar intervenções apropriadas, entretanto não se correlaciona com a Escala de Equilí­brio de Berg.Palavras-chave: acidente vascular cerebral, equilí­brio postural, fisioterapia, paresia, tecnologia de baixo custo, avaliação em saúde.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida, capacidade funcional e força da musculatura respiratória em pacientes com insuficiência cardí­aca
Authors: Scariot Fernanda Foureaux , Rodrigues Marí­lia Mendes , Souza Beatriz Grassmann Gomes , Lima Fernanda Cristina , Nunes Kelly Christina de Faria , Braga Lays Magalhães
Published: November 2020

A insuficiência cardí­aca (IC) é uma sí­ndrome clí­nica, via final comum de diversas doenças cardí­acas. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida, a capacidade funcional e a força muscular respiratória em pacientes com IC classe funcional I e II. Tratou-se de um estudo observacional transversal, com amostra composta por 20 indiví­duos com faixa etária entre 58 e 82 anos, em acompanhamento clí­nico no Centro Clí­nico de Especialidades Médicas de Patos de Minas. Após a realização dos testes, foi observado em relação í  qualidade de vida que o domí­nio mais comprometido foi o de limitação por aspectos fí­sicos. Não houve limitação na capacidade funcional e na força muscular respiratória, devido aos indiví­duos realizarem acompanhamento fisioterapêutico. A IC gera um impacto negativo sobre a qualidade de vida e que a fisioterapia é indispensável no acompanhamento e prognóstico desta população.Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia, insuficiência cardí­aca, músculos respiratórios, qualidade de vida.
Micro-RNA networks in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia reflect T-cell activation and shape DNA damage response and survival pathways
Authors: Braun Till , Glass Markus , Wahnschaffe Linus , Otte Moritz , Mayer Petra , Franitza Marek , Altmüller Janine , Hallek Michael , Hüttelmaier Stefan , Schrader Alexandra , Herling Marco
Published: November 2020

T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a poor-prognostic mature T-cell malignancy. It typically presents with exponentially rising lymphocyte counts, splenomegaly, and bone marrow infiltration. Effective treatment options are scarce and a better understanding of TPLL’s pathogenesis is desirable. Activation of the TCL1 proto-oncogene and loss-of-function perturbations of the tumor suppressor ATM are TPLL’s genomic hallmarks. The leukemic cell reveals a phenotype of active T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling and aberrant DNA damage responses. Regulatory networks based on the profile of microRNA (miR) have not been described for T-PLL. In a combined approach of small-RNA and transcriptome sequencing in 46 clinically and moleculary well-characterized T-PLL, we identified a global T-PLL-specific miR expression profile that involves 34 significantly deregulated miR species. This pattern strikingly resembled miR-ome signatures of TCR-activated T cells. By integrating these T-PLL miR profiles with transcriptome data, we uncovered regulatory networks associated with cell survival signaling and DNA damage response pathways. Despite a miR-ome that discerned leukemic from normal T cells, there were also robust subsets of T-PLL defined by a small set of specific miR. Most prominently, miR-141 and the miR- 200c-cluster separated cases into two major subgroups. Furthermore, increased expression of miR-223-3p as well as reduced expression of miR-21 and the miR-29 cluster were associated with more activated Tcell phenotypes and more aggressive disease presentations. Based on the implicated pathobiological role of these miR deregulations, targeting strategies around their effectors appear worth pursuing. We also established a combinatorial miR-based overall survival score for T-PLL (miROS-T-PLL), that might improve current clinical stratifications.
Association of the Pattern and Quality of Sleep with Consumption of Stimulant Beverages, Cigarette and Alcohol among Medical Students
Authors: Bogati Sunil , Singh Tulika , Paudel Sagar , Adhikari Baikuntha , Baral Dharanidhar
Published: November 2020

Background: Sleep is important in maintenance of proper functioning of both mental and physical functions of human body. Studies have shown there is impact on the sleep parameters with the use of caffeine, cigarette and alcohol. As there is little availability of similar studies here in Nepal, we made an attempt to know the relation of consumption of such substances with the sleep quality and sleep parameters as per Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale. 

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the undergraduate students at BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan. Students were asked to complete a self- administered questionnaire to give information about demographic variables and habit of consumption of caffeinated beverages, cigarette and alcohol. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was utilized after the permission from authority to evaluate sleep quality.

Results: Out of 350, almost half of the students (44.6%) had poor sleep quality. 40.8% students reported sleeping six hours or less per night and 10.1% used medications to sleep. 96% reported consuming caffeinated beverages, 20% consumed cigarettes and 38.3% consumed alcoholic beverages. There was significant association of poor sleep quality with the increased consumption caffeine, cigarette and alcohol (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Poor sleep is prevalent among the undergraduate students of B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences and the consumption of caffeine, cigarette and alcohol is associated with increment in poor sleep quality among them.

Keywords: Caffeinated beverages; pittsburgh sleep quality index
FAKTOR KETERTARIKAN MINUMAN KOPI KEKINIAN TERHADAP MINAT BELI KONSUMEN KALANGAN MUDA
Authors: Pramelani Pramelani
Published: November 2020

Today's coffee drinks are rife among young people. Competition between the beverage business shops is evident from the emergence of a variety of unique coffee shops. For this reason, the authors are interested in examining factors of current coffee beverage interest in young consumers' buying interest. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. With a purposive sampling technique, respondents are drawn from young people in Jakarta who like coffee drinks. Based on the results of interviews and observations obtained in the field found that there are several factors of interest so that there is an interest in buying among young people namely the factors of a comfortable place, friendly service, good taste factor where many variants, factors of restaurant names and unique menu names make there an interest to be interested in buying. In addition, the price factor is quite affordable, packaging with creative and attractive design. In addition, personal, social and psychological factors were found to be one of the factors of interest in buying contemporary coffee drinks among young people.Keyword: interest factors, buying interest, young consumer
PENGARUH EXPERIENTIAL MARKETING DAN PERSEPSI KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PADA RM KHAS SUNDA MANG ENGKING JUANDA DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Hilman Siti Puti Fauziah , Marlena Novi
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine consumer satisfaction The Mang Engking Juanda Sidoarjo Gubug East Java based on the influence of experiential marketing and perceived service quality. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling method. The sample used was 126 respondents. The results of this study indicate that the experiential marketing variable has a positive and partially significant effect on customer satisfaction of 4.307> 1.979 with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. Variable perception of service quality has a positive and partially significant effect on customer satisfaction by 4.598> 1.979 significance value 0.000 <0.05. Experiential marketing variables and perceived service quality positive and significant simultaneous effect on customer satisfaction at the Mang Engking Juanda Sidoarjo Governor's Office at 119.102> 3.07 with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05.
Formation of Regression Model for Analysis of Complex Systems Using Methodology of Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Mokshin Anatolii V. , Mokshin Vladimir V. , Mirziyarova Diana A.
Published: November 2020

This study presents the approach to analyze evolution of an arbitrary complex system whose behavior is characterized by a set of different time-dependent factors. The key requirement for these factors is that they must contain an information about the system only; it does not matter at all what the nature (physical, biological, social, economic, etc.) of a complex system is. Within the framework of the presented theoretical approach, the problem of searching for non-linear regression models that express the relationship between these factors for a complex system under study is solved. It will be shown that this problem can be solved using the methodology of genetic (evolutionary) algorithms. The resulting regression models make it possible to predict the most probable evolution of the considered system, as well as to determine the significance of some factors and, thereby, to formulate some recommendations to drive by this system. It will be shown that the presented theoretical approach can be used to analyze data (information) characterizing the educational process in the discipline"Physic" in the secondary school, and to develop the strategies for improving academic performance in this discipline.
Vitamins and trace elements as essential components of parenteral nutrition
Authors: Dmitriev A. V. , Shestopalov A. E.
Published: November 2020

In certain clinical situations, the usual food intake is impossible, insufficient or contraindicated, which causes nutritional deficiency with a deficiency of all macro- and micronutrients, and worsens the prognosis and treatment results. In such cases, parenteral nutrition (PN) is used to compensate for the deficiency of nutrients. Complex parenteral nutrition, along with macronutrients (amino acid solutions, fat emulsions and carbohydrates), includes solutions of vitamins (multivitamins, MVC) and trace elements (trace elements complexes, TEC). The aim of this work was to review the results of studies over the past 30 years on the clinical use of MVC and TEC for injections within the framework of the international ASPEN and ESPEN recommendations for the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases and pathological conditions accompanied by vitamin and trace elements deficiency, including full or partial PN. In accordance with international recommendations based on the results of most randomized clinical trials, the use of MVC and TEC allows preventing and eliminating vitamin and trace elements deficiency during long-term complete and/or partial PN, accelerating the recovery process of patients in critical conditions, and reducing the time spent in the ICU and in the clinic as a whole, to reduce the number of complications and mortality.
EULER NÃO SABIA NADA DE MATEMÁTICA?
Authors: Luchetta Valéria Ostete Jannis , Santos João Ricardo Viola dos
Published: November 2020

A Matemática do Matemático é o fundamento da Matemática do Professor de Matemática. O que sustenta a Matemática da sala de aula da Educação Básica é a Matemática do Matemático. Pois bem, neste artigo produzimos uma discussão a respeito dessa suposta condição de necessidade,muitas vezes de suficiência, que opera como uma ideia naturalizada nas discussões de formação de professores de matemática. Para isso, realizamos uma leitura plausível de alguns escritos de Euler e de modos como Educadores Matemáticos e Matemáticos falam a respeito da formação matemática dele. Tomando como referência o Modelo dos Campos Semânticos (MCS) produzimos (sendo produzidos) outras possibilidades para Licenciaturas em Matemática. Nossas principais considerações são nadireção de movimentarmo-nos com essa discussão que coloca em xeque conhecimentos matemáticos de Euler, e procura desdobrar efeitos que dela decorre, em construções de projetos políticos de formações matemáticas em Licenciaturas em matemática: sempre em processos, movimentos.
O USO DE TAREFAS EXPLORATÓRIAS NO ESTUDO DA TRIGONOMETRIA EM TRIÂNGULOS ESFÉRICOS RETÂNGULOS
Authors: Fonseca Jussara Aparecida da , Leivas José Carlos Pinto
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar como alunos de um curso de licenciatura em matemática verificam expressões da trigonometria em triângulos esféricos retângulos, a partir das razões trigonométricas da geometria plana, na realização de tarefas exploratórias. Para tanto, por meiode uma abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, buscamos aporte no papel das tarefas exploratórias no ensino de matemática e pautamos nossa coleta de dados na produção escrita dos sujeitos, oriundas das resoluções de dez dessas tarefas. Como resultado da análise feita, constatamos que a maioria dos participantes não tiveram dificuldades na verificação de expressões que exploravam as razões trigonométricas em triângulos retângulos planos, obtidos a partir de construções sobre as faces do triedro associado ao triângulo esférico retângulo, bem como naquelas definidas a partir da permutação de elementos. Verificamos que as dificuldades apresentadas se relacionaram principalmente na determinação da tangente de um arco, que em diversas situações foi indicada de forma equivocada. Além disso, alguns alunos apresentaram dificuldades na dedução das fórmulas que dependiam de outras expressões, não conseguindo articular um resultado já verificado com aquele a ser confirmado.
USO PEDAGÓGICO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO (TIC): FORMAÇÃO INICIAL E PERCEPÇÕES DE LICENCIANDOS EM MATEMÁTICA DA UNESPAR
Authors: Maciel Kayque Henrique , Cibotto Rosefran Adriano Gonçales , Ceolim Amauri Jersi
Published: November 2020

No trabalho apresentado investigamos como os formandos de cursos de licenciatura em Matemática pela Universidade Estadual do Paraná (Unespar) se sentem sobre a preparação para trabalhar de forma didática com as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) e a maneira com a qual esse conteúdo foi desenvolvido ao longo de sua formação. Para realizar a pesquisa, de caráterqualitativo, elaboramos um questionário aplicado aos futuros docentes delimitados e analisamos as ementas dos cursos o conteúdo que estava sendo trabalhado nas disciplinas de informática, a fim de estabelecermos relações com as falas dos acadêmicos. Para analisar as respostas, utilizamos a metodologia da Análise Textual Discursiva de Roque de Moraes. Constatamos que a universidade oferta cinco cursos de licenciatura em matemática, em diferentes campi, e todos possuem, ao menos, uma disciplina de cunho tecnológico. Em apenas um dos cursos a disciplina de informática não possui em sua ementa referência acerca de ensinar o uso didático das TIC. Obtivemos 19 respostas do questionário e destacamos que a maioria dos estudantes que cursaram disciplinas de tecnologias com caráter didático relataram que se sentem preparados para trabalhar com as TIC em sala de aula; já osalunos que não cursaram disciplinas com essa característica se consideram inaptos a utilizarem pedagogicamente as TIC. Esse resultado enfatiza a importância desse conhecimento pedagógico para os futuros docentes. Considerando os dados estudados, constatamos que os cursos não são homogêneos e existem pontos que podem ser aprimorados na formação de professores de matemática na perspectiva do uso pedagógico das TIC.
MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA NA LICENCIATURA EM MATEMÁTICA: UM OLHAR SOBRE O TEXTO PRODUZIDO POR UM LICENCIANDO
Authors: Campos Amanda Caroline Fagundes , Sant’Ana Marilaine de Fraga
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo analisamos o texto produzido por um licenciando em matemática, sobre especificidades de Modelagem Matemática, por meio de conceitos de Basil Bernstein e da relação entre tal texto e vivências desse estudante na licenciatura. Com texto, visto aqui como um conceito de Basil Bernstein, nos referimos a escolhas, justificativas e exemplos apresentados pelo licenciando emuma entrevista que tratou de especificidades de Modelagem Matemática. Observamos, na análise qualitativa do texto, a busca do entrevistado por responder “o que é?” e “pra que serve?” Modelagem Matemática e, três objetivos, elencados por ele, com relação a essa tendência. Observamos também dificuldades na diferenciação entre Modelagem Matemática e Etnomatemática. Evidenciamos as vivências no curso de Licenciatura em Matemática como superiores aos referenciais teóricos de Modelagem Matemática como influência para a construção do texto do estudante. Diante disso, sugerimos, para o referido curso, mais vivências, que propiciem a diferenciação entre tendências emEducação Matemática e, a elaboração, pelos licenciandos, de justificativas.
FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES DE MATEMÁTICA(S): UM OLHAR DECOLONIAL SOBRE AS MUDANÇAS DE PERSPECTIVAS DOS ESTUDANTES
Authors: Knopp Ivo da Silva , Giraldo Victor , Araujo Victor Hugo Quaglia de , Neto Cleber Dias da Costa
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho busca investigar como são constituídas, no contexto do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, as mudanças de concepções e de perspectivas dos licenciandos sobre o próprio curso e sobre a profissão docente. Para isso, analisamos os impactos do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática na formação para ensinar matemática(s) no Ensino Fundamental e Médio a partir da decolonialidade. Propusemos uma roda de conversa com os estudantes de Licenciatura para coletar e analisar os dados, seguindo um modelo de análise de vídeos etranscrições. Observamos que as mudanças de perspectiva ocorridas  expõem questões discutidas por referenciais teóricos sobre formação de professores. As reflexões ocorridas durante a execução dos procedimentos metodológicos configuram-se em grandes contribuições para o desenvolvimento deste artigo, pois reforçam nosso entendimento de que a investigação sobre a formação de futuros professores de matemática(s) deve ser problematizada, significativa e decolonial.
Optimal Maintenance for Degrading Assets in the Context of Asset Fleets-A Case Study
Authors: Schulze Spüntrup Frederik , Dalle Ave Giancarlo , Imsland Lars , Harjunkoski Iiro
Published: November 2020

Decision-making for maintenance of engineering assets is a common challenge in the process industry due to ongoing degradation. With an increasing company-size, this problem becomes more complex from an operational and computational point of view. This paper introduces a case study to the academic community that represents the problem of optimal decision-making in the context of large asset fleets. The case study poses a large fleet of offshore compressors for gas production with a specific network structure. Two exemplary discrete-time mixed integer linear programming models following the Resource Task Network framework are presented. They address asset deterioration due to effects such as fouling by suggesting specific maintenance actions as a set of different countermeasures. Novel enumerator formulations are a computationally efficient and extendable way to model the various degradation types. Results show the benefit of optimal maintenance in the application to asset fleets. The decision-support that is delivered by the scheduling and planning approach helps to determine which maintenance type should be conducted and at what time. The paper demonstrates the benefits of optimal (long-term) schedules for maintenance, but indicate at the same time the need for efficient algorithms in the context of large asset fleets, in contrast to common industrial case studies that are rather small-scale.
Do Female Songbirds Avoid a Mammalian Nest Predator When Selecting Their Nest Site?
Authors: Vernouillet Alizée , Fortin Marie-Josée , Fiola Marie-Line , Villard Marc-André
Published: November 2020

Perceived predation risk can elicit strong behavioral responses in potential prey. During nest building, songbirds exhibit anti-predator behaviors under experimental conditions. Here, we hypothesized that females of two ground-nesting songbird species, the Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla) and the Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus), would use naturally available cues of predation risk when selecting their nest site, thereby avoiding activity hotspots of Eastern Chipmunks (Tamias striatus), a predator on songbird nests and fledglings. Chipmunks are highly vocal, thus providing cues of their presence. We mapped chipmunk detections and songbird nests over four successive years in study plots located in mature deciduous forest of New Brunswick, Canada. Chipmunk activity varied by an order of magnitude among study plots and years. Nests were built further away from chipmunk detections than expected by chance in some, but not all, plot-year combinations. When comparing study plots, the proportion of nests built within hotspots of chipmunk activity was four times lower in the two plots where chipmunk activity was highest. Yet, we did not find clear evidence that chipmunk avoidance provided fitness benefits, possibly because this behavior procured little protection at high chipmunk densities. The persistence of this avoidance behavior in our focal species of ground-nesting songbirds might be linked to the benefits it procures at intermediate chipmunk densities.
Improved de novo Assembly of the Achlorophyllous Orchid Gastrodia elata
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Wang Xiao , Wang Yangzi , Zhang Guanghui , Song Wanling , Dong Xiao , Arnold Michael L. , Wang Wen , Miao Jianhua , Chen Wei , Dong Yang
Published: November 2020

Achlorophyllous plants are full mycoheterotrophic plants with no chlorophyll and they obtain their nutrients from soil fungi. Gastrodia elata is a perennial, achlorophyllous orchid that displays distinctive evolutionary strategy of adaptation to the non-photosynthetic lifestyle. Here in this study, the genome of G. elata was assembled to 1.12 Gb with a contig N50 size of 110 kb and a scaffold N50 size of 1.64 Mb so that it helped unveil the genetic basics of those adaptive changes. Based on the genomic data, key genes related to photosynthesis, leaf development, and plastid division pathways were found to be lost or under relaxed selection during the course of evolution. Thus, the genome sequence of G. elata provides a good resource for future investigations of the evolution of orchids and other achlorophyllous plants.
Identification of Interleukin-9 Producing Immune Cells in Endometrial Carcinoma and Establishment of a Prognostic Nomogram
Authors: Tong Huan , Feng Hao , Hu Xiang , Wang Meng-fei , Song Yun-feng , Wen Xiao-li , Li Yi-ran , Wan Xiao-ping
Published: November 2020

Background

Interleukin-9 (IL9) plays a critical role in immunity and the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer (EC), especially endometrioid EC (EEC). This study aimed to identify the IL9+ immune cell subsets and their pleiotropic functions and establish an optimized prognostic nomogram towards the promotion of personalized treatment of EEC.

Methods

1,417 EC patients were involved in the present study. 143 patients from the tertiary gynecology centers in Shanghai between 2013 and 2019 were recruited, and the study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital. The genomic data of the other 1,274 patients were extracted from the TCGA and the MSKCC datasets, respectively. Immune and stromal scores were calculated using the ESTIMATE R tool, and the tumor infiltration of immune cells was analyzed using the TIMER platform. Metascape and GEPIA datasets were used for bioinformatic analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were performed with GraphPad Prism and R studio.

Results

552 genes that were correlated with leukocyte infiltration, lymphocyte activation, and regulation of innate immune response were up-regulated in the high immune score group. More IL9+ cell infiltration was detected in the highly and moderately differentiated EC (p = 0.04). High IL9+ lymphocyte infiltration was related to a better overall survival (p = 0.0027). IL9 positive cell clusters included ILC2s, Vδ2 γδT cells, mast cells, macrophages, and Th9 cells. Parameters such as FIGO stage, IL9 score, Vδ2 + γδT cell infiltration, classification of differentiation, and diabetes mellitus were assigned a weighted number of points in the nomogram for a specific predicted 3-, 5- and 10-year overall survival (OS). IL9–IL9R axis played a vital role in EEC, IL9R positive cell subgroups were also identified, and the related function was analyzed in the present study. Additionally, PR (Progesterone Receptor, or PGR) expression was relevant to a higher density of IL9+ lymphocyte infiltration. However, PGRMC1 (Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1) was negatively relevant to IL9R (p = 4.26e-8).

Conclusion

We observed a significant infiltration of IL9+ cells and the overrepresentation of IL-9R in tissue specimens of patients in EC cases. The nomogram incorporating the IL9 could accurately predict individualized survival probability in EEC. Additionally, this study not only established a prognostic nomogram but also assist in the firmer understanding of the relevance of the IL9-IL9R axis and IL9-producing cells in EC immunity.
Membrane Proteocomplexome of Campylobacter jejuni Using 2-D Blue Native/SDS-PAGE Combined to Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Guérin Alizée , Sulaeman Sheiam , Coquet Laurent , Ménard Armelle , Barloy-Hubler Frédérique , Dé Emmanuelle , Tresse Odile
Published: November 2020

Campylobacteris the leading cause of the human bacterial foodborne infections in the developed countries. The perception cues from biotic or abiotic environments by the bacteria are often related to bacterial surface and membrane proteins that mediate the cellular response for the adaptation ofCampylobacter jejunito the environment. These proteins function rarely as a unique entity, they are often organized in functional complexes. InC. jejuni, these complexes are not fully identified and some of them remain unknown. To identify putative functional multi-subunit entities at the membrane subproteome level ofC. jejuni, a holistic nona priorimethod was addressed using two-dimensional blue native/Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) in strainC. jejuni81–176. Couples of acrylamide gradient/migration-time, membrane detergent concentration and hand-made strips were optimized to obtain reproducible extraction and separation of intact membrane protein complexes (MPCs). The MPCs were subsequently denatured using SDS-PAGE and each spot from each MPCs was identified by mass spectrometry. Altogether, 21 MPCs could be detected including multi homo-oligomeric and multi hetero-oligomeric complexes distributed in both inner and outer membranes. The function, the conservation and the regulation of the MPCs acrossC. jejunistrains were inspected by functional and genomic comparison analyses. In this study, relatedness between subunits of two efflux pumps, CmeABC and MacABputC was observed. In addition, a consensus sequence CosR-binding box in promoter regions of MacABputC was present inC. jejunibut not inCampylobacter coli. The MPCs identified inC. jejuni81–176 membrane are involved in protein folding, molecule trafficking, oxidative phosphorylation, membrane structuration, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, motility and chemotaxis, stress signaling, efflux pumps and virulence.
Pretreatment of Rapeseed Meal Increases Its Recalcitrant Fiber Fermentation and Alters the Microbial Community in an in vitro Model of Swine Large Intestine
Authors: Long Cheng , Venema Koen
Published: November 2020

The aim of current study was to investigate in an in vitro study how enzymatic and chemical pretreated rapeseed meal (RSM) influences the fiber fermentation and microbial community in the swine large intestine. RSM was processed enzymatically by a cellulase (CELL), two pectinases (PECT), or chemically by an alkaline (ALK) treatment. 16S rRNA gene sequencing data was performed to evaluate changes in the gut microbiota composition, whereas short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production (ion-chromatography) and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) composition (using monoclonal antibodies; mAbs) were used to assess fiber degradation. The results showed that ALK, CELL, PECT1, and PECT2 changed microbial community composition, increased the predicted abundance of microbial fiber-degrading enzymes and pathways, and increased acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and total SCFA production. The increased microbial genera positively correlated with SCFA production. Monoclonal antibody analyses showed that the cell wall polysaccharide structures of RSM shifted after ALK, CELL, PECT1, and PECT2 treatment. The degradation of NSP during the fermentation period was dynamic, and not continuous based on the epitope recognition by mAbs. This study provides the first detailed analysis of changes in the swine intestinal microbiota due to RSM modified by ALK, CELL, PECT1, and PECT2, which altered the microbial community structure, shifted the predicted functional metagenomic profile and subsequently increased total SCFA production. Our findings that ALK, CELL, PECT1, and PECT2 increased fiber degradability in RSM could help guide feed additive strategies to improve efficiency and productivity in swine industry. The current study gave insight into how enzymatic treatment of feed can alter microbial communities, which provides good opportunity to develop novel carbohydrase treatments, particularly in swine feed.
Biological Guided Carbon-Ion Microporous Radiation to Tumor Hypoxia Area Triggers Robust Abscopal Effects as Open Field Radiation
Authors: Huang Qingting , Sun Yun , Wang Weiwei , Lin Lien-Chun , Huang Yangle , Yang Jing , Wu Xiaodong , Kong Lin , Lu Jiade Jay
Published: November 2020

Recently, a growing number of studies focus on partial tumor irradiation to induce the stronger non-target effects. However, the value of partial volume carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) targeting hypoxic region of a tumor under imaging guidance as well as its effect of inducing radiation induced abscopal effects (RIAEs) have not been well investigated. Herein, we developed a technique of carbon ion microporous radiation (CI-MPR), guided by18F-FMISO PET/computerized tomography (CT), for partial volume radiation targeting the hypoxia area of a tumor and investigated its capability of inducing abscopal effects. Tumor-bearing mice were inoculated subcutaneously with breast cancer 4T1 cells into the flanks of both hind legs of mouse. Mice were assigned to three groups: group I: control group with no treatment; group II: carbon ion open field radiation (CI-OFR group) targeting the entire tumor; group III: partial volume carbon ion microporous radiation (CI-MPR group) targeting the hypoxia region. The tumors on the left hind legs of mice were irradiated with single fraction of 20 Gy of CIRT. Mice treated with CI-MPR or CI-OFR showed that significant growth delay on both the irradiated and unirradiated of tumor as compared to the control groups. Tumor regression of left tumor irradiated with CI-OFR was more prominent as compared to the tumor treated with CI-MPR, while the regression of the unirradiated tumor in both CI-MPR and CI-OFR group was similar. Biological-guided CIRT using the newly developed microporous technique targeting tumor hypoxia region could induce robust abscopal effects similar to CIRT covering the entire tumor.
Serum Metabolomic Profiling Reveals the Amelioration Effect of Methotrexate on Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis in Mouse
Authors: Zong Jiaxin , Cheng Jieyi , Fu Yuanfeng , Song Jing , Pan Weisong , Yang Li , Zhang Ting , Zhou Mingmei
Published: November 2020

Background:

The imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis mouse model has been used as a model for pathogenic mechanism research, and methotrexate (MTX) is widely employed to treat various clinical manifestations of psoriasis. We explored the underlying pathogenesis of psoriasis and the treatment mechanism of the conventional drugs from the metabolic perspective of the psoriasis mouse model.

Methods:

Male BALB/c mice were smeared IMQ for 7 days to induce treatment-resistant psoriasis and intragastrically administered 1 mg/kg MTX. We evaluated inflammation of psoriasis-like lesions and therapeutic effects of MTX based on histological changes and immunohistochemistry. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometer detection of serum samples, a comprehensive metabolomics analysis was carried out to identify alterations of metabolites.

Results:

It was found that MTX ameliorated psoriatic lesions (representative erythema, scaling, and thickening) by inhibiting proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. Using multivariate statistical analysis to process metabolomics data, the results displayed alterations in serum metabolites among mice of the control group, IMQ group, and MTX group. Compared with group, psoriasis mice had the higher level of d-galactose and lower expression of myo-inositol, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, and cholesterol. In contrast with the model set, serum levels of glycine, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, d-galactose, and d-mannose were significantly decreased in the MTX group.

Conclusion:

The differential metabolites, reflecting the perturbation in the pathways of inositol phosphate metabolism; galactose metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; and glutathione metabolism, may lead to the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and they are also related to the pharmacological treatment effect of MTX on psoriasis. This study established the foundation for further research on the mechanism and therapeutic targets of psoriasis.
Autophagy Modulation in Lymphocytes From COVID-19 Patients: New Therapeutic Target in SARS-COV-2 Infection
Authors: Vomero Marta , Barbati Cristiana , Colasanti Tania , Celia Alessandra Ida , Speziali Mariangela , Ucci Federica Maria , Ciancarella Claudia , Conti Fabrizio , Alessandri Cristiano
Published: November 2020

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the novel coronavirus, causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). During virus infection, several pro-inflammatory cytokines are produced, leading to the “cytokine storm.” Among these, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and IL-1β seem to have a central role in the progression and exacerbation of the disease, leading to the recruitment of immune cells to infection sites. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal degradation pathway involved in different aspects of lymphocytes functionality. The involvement of IL-6, TNF‐α, and IL-1β in autophagy modulation has recently been demonstrated. Moreover, preliminary studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 could infect lymphocytes, playing a role in the modulation of autophagy. Several anti-rheumatic drugs, now proposed for the treatment of COVID-19, could modulate autophagy in lymphocytes, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting autophagy in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Efficient Genome Editing in Populus Using CRISPR/Cas12a
Authors: An Yi , Geng Ya , Yao Junguang , Fu Chunxiang , Lu Mengzhu , Wang Chun , Du Juan
Published: November 2020

The ability to create targeted mutations using clustered regularly inter-spaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) 9 in support of forest tree biotechnology is currently limited. CRISPR/Cas12a is a novel CRISPR effector protein that not only broadens the CRISPR/Cas targeting range but also enables the generation of large-fragment deletions. In this study, a CRISPR/Cas12a system was evaluated for the induction of targeted mutations in the woody tree poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa). Three Cas12a nucleases, namely, AsCas12a (Acidaminococcus sp. BV3L6), LbCas12a (Lachnospiraceae bacterium ND2006), and FnCas12a (Francisella tularensis subsp. novicidain U112), were used. We knocked out multiple targets of the phytoene desaturase gene 8 (PDS) using the CRISPR/Cas12a genome-targeting system, and the results indicated that the AsCas12a system is the most efficient. We further optimized the co-cultivation temperature after Agrobacterium-mediated transformation from 22 to 28°C to increase the Cas12a nuclease editing efficiency in poplar. AsCas12a showed the highest mutation efficiency, at 70%, and the majority of editing sites were composed of large-fragment deletions. By using this simple and high-efficiency CRISPR/Cas12a system, multiple targets can be modified to obtain multigene simultaneous knockout mutants in tree species, which will provide powerful tools with which to facilitate genetic studies of forest trees.