bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of polyunsaturated fatty acids treatment with coronary mortality. A meta-analysis
Authors: Plavinskii S. L. , Barinova A. N. , Danishevski K. D.
Published: December 2019

Aim. A meta-analysis was undertaken to sum up data on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids treatment and coronary deaths. Methods. Only studies with no less than 500 participants and length of follow-up no less than one year were included. Total number of studies was 13 with 127455 participants. Results. Fixed factor (Peto) model demonstrated significant decrease in cardiac deaths in polyunsaturated fatty acids -treated group. (OR=0,89, 95%CI: 0,83-0,95, р=0,001). Random factor model confidence interval also does not included one (OR=0,88, 95%CI: 0,80-0,97, p=0.008). Subgroup analysis of studies that used therapy with 460 mg eicosapentaenoic acid and 380 docosahexaenoic acid per day demonstrated significant reduction in cardiac deaths (OR=0,84, 95%CI: 0,77-0,92) in both fixed factor and random factor models. Conclusion. Correspondingly supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids associated with lower coronary mortality.
Meinhof, Shigenobu, Kennedy
Authors: O’Sullivan Shane
Published: December 2019

This article reflects on audiovisual representations of the events of 1968 and its aftermath in three national contexts through two archive-driven historical documentaries I have produced exploring this period: RFK Must Die (2008) and Children of the Revolution (2010). RFK Must Die investigates the assassination of Bobby Kennedy through both witness testimony and the hours of network footage available from the crime scene. Children of the Revolution charts the audiovisual historiographies of two female revolutionaries from the 1968 student movements in Germany and Japan to become leaders of the Baader Meinhof Group and the Japanese Red Army. Both women were journalists who used film to fight a propaganda battle against state broadcasters, through collaborations with independent filmmakers or demanding screen time through the television commissioning process. By choosing to frame their stories ‘through the eyes of their daughters,’ who are also journalists, the making of the film became a struggle for editorial control with key contributors and a round of complex negotiations to secure access to archive materials on such a highly-politicized and hotly-contested subject.
Farklı Hücre Dizilerinde 808 nm Laser Uygulaması ve DNA Sentezi
Authors: AK Ayşe
Published: December 2019

Fotodinamik Terapi (FDT), kanser tedavisinde lokal olarak kullanılan ve
yan etkileri minimum düzeyde olan non-invazif bir yöntemdir. FDT
bileşenlerinden biri olan fotosensitizan ajan, uygun dalga boyuna sahip
ışıkla birlikte kanserli hücrelerde reaktif oksijen türlerinin ve/veya
singlet oksijen radikallerinin üretimini uyarır. Kullanılan ışık kaynağının
ve fotosensitizan ajanın tek başına bir toksik etkisinin olmadığı
bildirilmektedir. Ancak yapılan çalışmaların bir kısmında sadece laser
uygulamalarının hücre dizilerinde etkilere sahip olabileceğine dair yayınlar
da mevcuttur. Bu amaçla sıklıkla çalışılan hücre dizileri olan C6 glioma,
Caco-2 kolon kanseri, L929 fibroblast ve prostat kanseri PC-3 hücre
dizilerinde, 808 nm dalga boyuna sahip 50 J/cm2, 100 J/cm2,
150 J/cm2 enerji yoğunluğundaki laser ışık kaynağının 24, 48 ve 72.
saatlerdeki DNA sentezi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Laser
uygulamasının, Caco-2 hücreleri hariç, diğer tüm hücre hatlarında 24. saatte
DNA sentezini azalttığı, ancak bu etkinin diğer saatlerde kontrolden farklı
olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, uygulanan laser dozuna ve hücre
hattına bağlı olarak, laser uygulaması, kısa sürede, DNA sentezi üzerinde baskılayıcı
etkilere sahip olabilse de, bu etkilerin diğer hücresel mekanizmalar
bağlamında da araştırılması gerekmektedir.
Hombres heterosexualmente activos, masculinidades, prevención de infección por VIH y búsqueda de profilaxis posexposición sexual consentida
Authors: Santos Lorruan Alves dos , Couto Marcia Thereza , Mathias Augusto , Grangeiro Alexandre
Published: December 2019

La masculinidad hegemónica distancia a los hombres heterosexuales activos de las respuestas a la epidemia de sida. Sin embargo, con el paradigma de la prevención combinada, la profilaxis posexposición sexual hace posible nuevas formas de gestionar los riesgos de infección, al tiempo que trae nuevos desafíos. El objetivo de este artículo es, a la luz de la perspectiva de género y de las masculinidades, discutir cómo los hombres heterosexuales activos perciben su riesgo frente al VIH, cómo manejan los métodos y estrategias de prevención, incluyendo la profilaxis posexposición sexual. El estudio de abordaje cualitativo entrevistó 16 hombres heterosexuales activos en cinco servicios de salud de diferentes ciudades brasileñas. El análisis señala que el uso del condón, principal método de prevención, fue condicionado a factores subjetivos y contextuales; y su fallo se destaca como el principal motivo de búsqueda de la profilaxis posexposición sexual. Los ideales de masculinidad hegemónica penetraron los discursos de percepción y gestión de riesgo en el actual contexto de la epidemia de sida.
Contextos Sociopolíticos e Históricos da Mulher em A Streetcar Named Desire, de Tennessee Williams, a partir dos Dilemas Morais de Kohlberg
Authors: Arnaut de Toeldo Luis Marcio
Published: December 2019

Os Estágios de Desenvolvimento e Dilemas Morais propostos por Lawrence Kohlberg são utilizados como instrumento de análise dramatúrgica para identificar os contextos sociais, políticos e históricos da figuração da mulher na peça A Streetcar Named Desire de Tennessee Williams. A partir destes estágios, procede-se a uma investigação para revelar o aprofundamento dos substratos ficcionais trabalhados pelo autor no que diz respeito à condição da mulher em sua obra, trazendo à tona como ela é lida e compreendida na sociedade. Evidencia-se, por fim, que a história da mulher é predominantemente atrelada aos valores patriarcais. Os Dilemas Morais propostos por Kohlberg, portanto, mostram-se instrumentos proficientes para a análise dramatúrgica, indo além da leitura hegemônica da obra do autor.
A Vertigem das Sensações em “É o silêncio...”, de Pedro Kilkerry
Authors: Siqueira Ferreira de Souza Carlos Eduardo , Costa Malufe Annita
Published: December 2019

O artigo propõe uma leitura do poema “É o silêncio...”, de Pedro Kilkerry, com o objetivo de enfocar a questão do processo de criação poética aí presente, não somente enquanto tema, mas sobretudo enquanto a própria dinâmica encarnada na escrita. Para tanto, parte-se do conceito de bloco de sensação (afectos e perceptos), proposto por Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, em relação com os conceitos de território e desterritorialização, dos mesmos filósofos, no intuito de compreender o movimento de criação que se materializa no poema. A partir de uma releitura de Kilkerry, busca-se testar a hipótese de que a singularidade de sua poesia resulta não só do tratamento original que confere à linguagem, mas também de sua engenhosidade para reconfigurar esteticamente, à luz do fenômeno da alteridade, o problema da subjetividade.
Adaptação e intermedialidade: reflexões sobre Macbeth, a ópera coro de Giuseppe Verdi
Authors: Camati Anna Stegh
Published: December 2019

A ópera, uma forma de teatro musical, é a arte da adaptação por excelência, constituída pela integração e fusão de múltiplas linguagens artísticas. A presente pesquisa objetiva refletir sobre a ópera Macbeth (1847-1865), de Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901), baseada no texto homônimo (1605) de Shakespeare (1564-1616), à luz de perspectivas teóricas de Linda e Michael Hutcheon (2011; 2017), Lars Elleström (2017); Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht (2011) e outras. Assim como Richard Wagner (1813-1883), Verdi foi um dos primeiros compositores preocupados com os aspectos dramáticos e cênicos de suas óperas. São atribuídas a ele diversas inovações, entre elas a formulação do manual da mise-en-scène e a criação de ambiência ou Stimmung. Em relaçãoà ópera Macbeth, Verdi destacou o papel das bruxas por meio de um coro feminino de trinta vozes por acreditar que elas são o elemento propulsor do drama. No início do quarto ato, introduziu o coro dos exilados escoceses com o intuito de expressar seus próprios anseios de liberdade em relação ao movimento de unificação da Itália. As diversas especificidades da ópera verdiana serão discutidas enquanto modelo textual (libreto), composição musical (partitura) e performance dramática (concretização cênica).
Escritura e Memória: A Troia Negra de Jayme Griz
Authors: Pereira João Batista
Published: December 2019

Este artigo visa a oferecer um panorama da obra do folclorista pernambucano Jayme de Barros Griz, cuja atuação como escritor, poeta e ensaísta não tem encontrado receptividade da crítica na contemporaneidade. Neste sentido, torna-se relevante o resgate de sua produção literária e histórica, na qual as formas de vida dos negros da Zona da Mata Sul e o declínio das usinas de açúcar despontam como principais motivos temáticos. Ao dialogar com Gilberto Freyre, pelo viés sociológico de suas teorizações, e com Luis da Camara Cascudo, calcado na apreensão do folclore como uma ciência para entender as sociedades, seu percurso intelectual registra avanços e recuos em relação aos pressupostos estéticos e culturais defendidos por esses autores. Enquanto sua poética se divide entre o que foi realizado pela Geração de 1870 e os ditames modernistas, e os ensaios recuperam, sob um prisma memorialístico, a presença do negro e o ocaso da civilização açucareira em Pernambuco, com as narrativas fantásticas sua obra alcança originalidade e projeção estética ao enfocar lendas, crendices e o sobrenatural através dos mitos agrários, adensado pela religiosidade e misticismo da cultura africana.
Echoes of Shakespeare: Julius Caesar and House of Cards - the Final Cut by Dobbs and BBC
Authors: Reichmann Brunilda Tempel
Published: December 2019

Em 2017, publicamos um artigo sobre o diálogo que se estabelece entre a trilogia House of Cards, de Michael Dobbs, as séries da BBC e da Netflix e as peças de Shakespeare – Ricardo III, Macbeth e Otelo. Este texto dá continuidade à primeira publicação e versa sobre o último volume da trilogia de Dobbs, The Final Cut [O último ato], e a Temporada 3 da BBC, para demonstrar como Júlio César, de Shakespeare, foi ressignificado nas duas produções, assunto até então não explorado. Voltamos a nossa atenção, portanto, apenas para esse último romance de Dobbs e sua adaptação na última temporada da série da BBC, enfatizando o protagonismo, a volubilidade do povo e a retórica em discursos proferidos por personagens de Shakespeare e de Dobbs. Procuramos demonstrar também como essa temporada da série, apesar de reproduzir um primeiro-ministro fragilizado pela idade e perseguido por lembranças involuntárias de crimes cometidos no passado, como no romance, ameniza a crueldade e intensifica problemas emocionais, tornando os acontecimentos mais palatáveis e o protagonista mais humano ao espectador da série.
Dedicatória e Catástrofe em Macunaíma
Authors: Sena dos Santos Tatiana
Published: December 2019

O ensaio propõe que a obra Macunaíma, o herói sem nenhum caráter pode ser compreendida como uma espécie de livro-dedicatória ao Brasil e aos brasileiros, fruto da dedicação apaixonada do escritor Mário de Andrade tanto ao labor literário quanto ao “brasileirismo”. Partindo da discussão de Barthes (1981) a respeito da dedicatória amorosa e da teoria das catástrofes, o ensaio postula que a inscrição das multiplicidades culturais coexistentes no Brasil desajusta a rapsódia modernista, produzindo tensões de sentido, desvios e rearranjos semânticos imprevisíveis. Contudo, em melancólico epílogo, o livro-dedicatória ao “brasileirismo” revela-se enfim como epitáfio, marcado igualmente pelo pensamento catastrófico, que impede o fechamento funéreo da narrativa.
La scrittura e i linguaggi nel teatro di Dario Fo e Franca Rame
Authors: Palma Anna , Mello Amanda Bruno
Published: December 2019

Dario Fo e Franca Rame sono stati i teatrologhi italiani più riconosciuti della seconda metàdel Novecento, famosi per la loro arte popolare e impegnata, che intendeva far riflettere – e,di conseguenza, emancipare – attraverso la comicità. Questo lavoro pretende discorrere sulloro processo creativo e la conseguente scrittura dei testi teatrali, a partire principalmentedalla lettura della tesi di Maria Teresa Pizza, intitolata "Al Lavoro com Dario Fo e FrancaRame: Genesi e composizione dell’Opera Teatrale." Per il caso di Fo, la creazione risultaindissociabile dal ludico e dalla quotidianità, l'esperienza creativa è un continuum non solotemporale, ma anche spaziale e transmediale. Nel caso di Rame, invece, la creazione si basasu una particolare sensibilità al ritmo della scena e un’ottima capacità di improvvisazione,alla quale segue un lavoro continuo di rielaborazione e perfezionamento dell’opera, il qualeha dato origine non solo alle numerose pubblicazioni della coppia, ma anche ad un archivioon-line con oltre 5 milioni di documenti sulle loro opere, nel rispetto della molteplicità deilinguaggi coinvolti sia nella creazione che nella realizzazione di ogni loro testo.
O’NEILL, P. Trilingual Joyce: The Anna Livia Variations. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2018.
Authors: Oliveira Leide Daiane De Almeida
Published: December 2019

O’NEILL, P. Trilingual Joyce: The Anna Livia Variations. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2018.
Ficção e Alienação Modernistas: Representando o Isolamento Social e a Incompletência das Necessidades Humanas em Miss Brill e Life and Death in the South Side PAVILION.
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Akhtar Samina
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a ideologia da alienação na ficçãomodernista, incorporada ao isolamento social e à incompletude das necessidades humanas emMiss Brill, de Mansfield, e Life and Death, de Carey, no pavilhão do lado sul. EmboraMansfield e Carey pertençam a duas épocas; modernos e pós-modernos, mas apresentam oconceito de alienação social e incompletude das necessidades humanas básicas de maneirasemelhante. Seus esboços de personagens de Miss Brill e Shepherd de 3ª classe relacionam aalienação com a falta de amor e pertencimento, por um lado, enquanto a auto-estima e osdesafios das atitudes capitalistas, metrópoles e industriais, por outro. Portanto, este artigoexplora como a Miss Brill e a Shepherd 3rd class refletem a vida das pessoas envolvidas emsolidão, alienação, separação e afetadas pela globalização e industrialização, especialmentepela urbanização do início e meados do século 20.
Saúde, Trabalho Docente e Pós-Graduação no Brasil, 1980-2017
Authors: Bosi Antonio De Pádua
Published: December 2019

O objetivo é discutir a relação entre adoecimento de professores universitários e trabalho na pós-graduação. Primeiro, examino as relações de trabalho em instituições de ensino superior privadas e públicas para identificar distinções nos processos de adoecimento que estejam associados à realidade das atividades de docência nas universidades. Em seguida, examino o crescimento da pós-graduação no Brasil, numa série histórica de meio século, e a dinâmica de criação da CAPES. Neste item, rastreio o estabelecimento de diretrizes estruturais na CAPES baseadas num tipo de avaliação aferida por produtividade que é irradiada também para espaços de trabalho da graduação, levando até lá práticas competitivas e trabalho intensificado. O texto está sustentado nesta hipótese.
محاولات تنمية مهارة الكلام في تعليم اللغة العربية بالمعهد العالي للأسعدية سنكامغ سلاويسي الجنوبية
Authors: Kaharuddin Kaharuddin
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the process of learning speaking skills in this program and its efforts in developing speaking skills. In this study, the authors used descriptive qualitative research methods, with historical, methodological, and opinion approaches. The results showed that speaking skills in the Ma’had Aliy As'adiyah Sengkang-South Sulawesi Program were related to the use of curriculum, learning methods, instructional media, and teaching materials. Meanwhile, the program's efforts in developing speaking skills consist of three parts, namely 1. efforts in practicing Arabic language directly, 2. Efforts to carry out various activities in the use of Arabic, 3. Efforts in the form of solution, namely efforts that will be carried out next by Ma’had Aliy As'adiyah Sengkang, South Sulawesi to improve the previous efforts that have not been effective and successful.
Mitochondrial potassium and chloride channels.
Authors: Kicińska A , D bska G , Kunz W , Szewczyk A
Published: December 2019

Channels selective for potassium or chloride ions are present in inner mitochondrial membranes. They probably play an important role in mitochondrial events such as the formation of delta pH and regulation of mitochondrial volume changes. Mitochondrial potassium and chloride channels could also be the targets for pharmacologically active compounds such as potassium channel openers and antidiabetic sulfonylureas. This review describes the properties, pharmacology, and current observations concerning the functional role of mitochondrial potassium and chloride channels.
Lipid-binding proteins as stabilizers of membrane microdomains--possible physiological significance.
Authors: Bandorowicz-Pikuła J
Published: December 2019

Below the melting point temperature of lipids, artificial lipid membranes usually exist in the ordered gel phase. Above these temperatures lipid acyl chains become fluid and disordered (liquid-crystalline phase). Depending on the chemical composition of artificial membranes, phase separation may occur, leading to the formation of transient or stable membrane domains. A similar phase separation of lipids into ordered and disordered domains has been observed in natural membranes at physiological temperature range. Moreover, it has been reported that certain proteins prefer certain organization of lipids, as for example glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins or Src family of tyrosine kinases. The aim of present review is to discuss the possibility that some lipid microdomains are induced or stabilized by lipid-binding proteins that under certain conditions, for example due to a rise of cytosolic Ca2+ or pH changes, may attach to the membrane surface, inducing clustering of lipid molecules and creation of ordered lipid microdomains. These domains may than attract other cytosolic proteins, either enzymes or regulatory proteins. It is, therefore, postulated that lipid microdomains play important roles within a cell, in signal transduction and enzymatic catalysis, and also in various pathological states, as Alzheimer's disease, anti-phosphatidylserine syndrome, or development of multidrug resistance of cancer cells.
Gemini (dimeric) surfactant perturbation of the human erythrocyte.
Authors: Dubnicková M , Bobrowska-Hägerstrand M , Söderström T , Iglic A , Hägerstrand H
Published: December 2019

We studied the ability of di-cationic gemini surfactantsdi (amphiphiles), i.e. 1,4-butanediammonium-N,N-dialkyl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl bromides (Di-Cm-di-QAS (s = 4), where m = 8, 11, 13, 16 and s = the number of alkyl groups in the spacer) to induce shape alteration, vesiculation, haemolysis and phosphatidylserine exposure in human erythrocytes, and to protect erythrocytes against hypotonic haemolysis. At high sublytic concentrations the Di-Cm-di-QAS (s = 4) amphiphiles rapidly induced echinocytic (spiculated) shapes and a release of exovesicles, mainly in the form of tubes, from the cell surface. Following 60 min incubation erythrocytes were sphero-echinocytic and a few cells with invaginations/endovesicles were observed. No phosphatidylserine exposure was detected. The haemolytic potency increased with an increase of the alkyl chain length. At sublytic concentrations the Di-Cm-di-QAS (s = 4) amphiphiles protected erythrocytes against hypotonic haemolysis. It is suggested that the Di-Cm-di-QAS (s = 4) amphiphiles perturb the membrane in a similar way as single-chain cationic amphiphiles, but that they do not easily translocate to the inner membrane leaflet.
Alzheimer's disease: its origin at the membrane, evidence and questions.
Authors: Buchet R , Pikuła S
Published: December 2019

Numerous results on membrane lipid composition from different regions of autopsied Alzheimer's disease brains in comparison with corresponding fractions isolated from control brains revealed significant differences in serine- and ethanolamine-containing glycerophospholipid as well as in glycosphingolipid content. Changes in membrane lipid composition are frequently accompanied by alterations in membrane fluidity, hydrophobic mismatch, lipid signaling pathways, transient formation and disappearance of lipid microdomains, changes in membrane permeability to cations and variations of other membrane properties. In this review we focus on possible implications of altered membrane composition on beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and on proteolysis of APP leading eventually to the formation of neurotoxic beta-amyloid (A beta) peptides, the major proteinaceous component of extracellular senile plaques, directly involved in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
Glycophorin A in two patients with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I and type II is partly unglycosylated.
Authors: Zdebska E , Adamczyk-Popławska M , Kościelak J
Published: December 2019

Glycophorins A from erythrocyte membranes of two patients with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I and type II (CDA type I and II) were analyzed for carbohydrate molar composition employing a modification of the recently published method that allowed simultaneous determination of carbohydrates and protein in electrophoretic bands of glycoproteins separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Zdebska & Kościelak, 1999, Anal Biochem., 275, 171-179). The modification involved a preliminary extraction of erythrocyte membranes with aqueous phenol, subsequent electrophoresis and analysis of the extracted glycophorins rather than electrophoresis and analysis of the glycophorin from intact erythrocyte membranes. The results showed a large deficit of N-acetylgalactosamine, galactose, and sialic acid residues in glycophorin A from patients with CDA type I and type II amounting to about 45% and 55%, respectively. The results strongly suggest that glycophorin A in these patients is partly unglycosylated with respect to O-linked glycans. In addition, glycophorin A from erythrocytes of a patient with CDA II but not CDA I exhibited a significant deficit of mannose and N-acetylglucosamine suggesting that its N-glycosylation site was also partly unglycosylated.
The new aspects of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
Authors: Szymański M , Deniziak M , Barciszewski J
Published: December 2019

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARS) are essential proteins found in all living organisms. They form a diverse group of enzymes that ensure the fidelity of transfer of genetic information from the DNA into the protein. AARS catalyse the attachment of amino acids to transfer RNAs and thereby establish the rules of the genetic code by virtue of matching the nucleotide triplet of the anticodon with its cognate amino acid. Here we summarise the effects of recent studies on this interesting family of multifunctional enzymes.
Densitometric quantification of DNA topoisomers in ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels and chemiluminescence-detected X ray films.
Authors: Topcu Z
Published: December 2019

This study investigates the contribution of deformational strain imposed by topological interconversions of DNA in ethidium bromide-binding on agarose gels. Closed-circular plasmid DNAs were nicked using UV exposure and the DNA bands were quantified by densitometry. The results show that the closed circular DNA binds the same amount of the dye as its nicked counterpart. The relationship between the band intensity on X-ray films of chemiluminescence-detected Southern blots and DNA concentration was shown to be linear.
Compensatory effect of TNFalpha on low natural killer activity in the elderly.
Authors: Myśliwska J , Bryl E , Trzonkowski P , Myśliwski A
Published: December 2019

Regulatory effect of CD25, an activation antigen the alpha subunit of interleukin 2 receptor (IL2R) on the activity of natural killer (NK) cells was studied in fifty elderly (57-70 years old) and fifty young people (19-35 years old). Cytotoxic NK activity was assessed by 51Cr release assay, the levels of interleukin 2 (IL2) and tumour necrosis factors alpha (TNFalpha) were measured using bioassays and expression of CD16 and CD25 proteins by flow cytometry. Low NK activity in the elderly was associated with decline of full health, lowered serum concentration of IL2 and increased production of TNFalpha during NK reaction. Inhibition of TNFalpha activity by anti-TNF monoclonal antibody suppressed exclusively NK activity of low NK responders. Moreover, stimulation in vitro of blood mononuclear cells, with TNFalpha induced in the elderly low NK responders a significantly higher increase of the CD25 expression on the surface of NK cells as compared with that in the elderly high responders. Since the CD25 molecule constitutes a subunit of the high affinity receptor, binding IL2 to immunocompetent cells, its increased expression on NK cells of low NK responders would enable them to bind even low amounts of the endogenous IL2 available in this group of the elderly. Thus, an overproduction of TNFalpha seems to be a mechanism compensating, in the non-fully healthy elderly, for the decreased IL2 production, promoting efficient cytotoxic reaction.
Does senile impairment of cholinergic system in rats concern only disturbances in cholinergic phenotype or the progressive degeneration of neuronal cell bodies?
Authors: Niewiadomska G , Wyrzykowska J , Chechłacz M
Published: December 2019

The trophic effect of continuous intraventricular infusion of nerve growth factor (NGF) on morphology of the basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons was tested in 4- and 28-month-old male Wistar rats. All studies were conducted using behaviorally uncharacterized animals from the same breeding colony. Immunohistochemical procedure for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and p75NTR receptor has been applied to identify cholinergic cells in the structures of basal forebrain (BF). Using a quantitative image analyzer, morphometric and densitometric parameters of ChAT- and p75NTR-positive cells were measured immediately after cessation of NGF infusion. In 28-month-old non-treated rats the number of intensively ChAT-positive cells in all forebrain structures was reduced by 50-70% as compared with young animals. The remaining ChAT-positive cells appeared shrunken and the neuropil staining was NTR markedly reduced. In contrast, the same neurons when stained for p75 were numerous and distinctly visible with perfect morphology. Analysis of Nissl stained sections also showed that 28-month-old rats did not display significant losses of neuronal cell bodies. NGF restored the number of intensely stained ChAT-positive cells to about 90% of that for young controls and caused a significant increase in size of those cells in 28-month-old rats as compared with the control, age-matched group. NGF did not influence the morphology of p75NTR-positive neurons, which were well labeled, irrespective of treatment and age of the rats. In 4-month-old rats, NGF infusion decreased the intensity of both ChAT and p75NTR immunostaining. These data provide some evidence for preservation of BF cholinergic neurons from atrophy during aging and indicate that senile impairment of the cholinergic system in rats concerns decrease in ChAT-protein expression rather than an acute degeneration of neuronal cell bodies. Treatment with NGF resulted in restoration of cholinergic phenotype in the BF neurons of aged rats. However, the present study also rises issue of possible detrimental effects of NGF in young normal animals.
Age-related alteration of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity in different parts of the brain.
Authors: Strosznajder J B , Jeśko H , Strosznajder R P
Published: December 2019

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a conserved enzyme involved in the regulation of DNA repair and genome stability. The role of PARP during aging is not well known. In this study PARP activity was investigated in nuclear fractions from hippocampus, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex of adult (4 months), old adult (14 months) and aged (24-27 months) rats. Concomitantly, the free radical evoked lipid peroxidation was estimated as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The specific activity of PARP in adult brain was about 25, 21 and 16 pmol/mg protein per min in hippocampus, cerebellum and cerebral cortex, respectively. The enzyme activity was higher in all investigated parts of the brain of old adults. In aged animals PARP activity was lower in hippocampus by about 50%, and was unchanged in cerebral cortex and in cerebellum comparing to adult rats. The concentration of TBARS was the same in all parts of the brain and remained unchanged during aging. There is no direct correlation between PARP activity and free radical evoked lipid peroxidation during brain aging. The lowered enzyme activity in aged hippocampus may decrease DNA repair capacity which subsequently may be responsible for the higher vulnerability of hippocampal neurons to different toxic insults.
Effect of aging on UVC-induced apoptosis of rat splenocytes.
Authors: Radziszewska E , Piwocka K , Bielak-Zmijewska A , Skierski J , Sikora E
Published: December 2019

UVC-induced apoptotic symptoms such as morphological changes, DNA fragmentation, Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression were examined in primary splenocyte cultures from young (3 months) and old (24 months) rats. The activities of AP-1 and CRE transcription factors in UVC-irradiated splenocytes were also assessed. At 24 h after UVC irradiation 40% of cells derived from young rats were found to be apoptotic, which was twice as much as in splenocytes from old rats. Apoptosis in cells from old rats did not give typical symptoms like a "DNA ladder" and Bcl-2 protein downregulation, in contrast to splenocytes from young rats. No AP-1 transcription factor activity was found in UVC-irradiated splenocytes from old animals and only a trace activity in splenocytes from young animals. This indicates that, UVC-induced apoptosis in rat splenocytes is practically AP-1 independent and that cells from old rats are less sensitive to UVC irradiation than splenocytes from young rats.
In vitro expression analysis of R68G and R68S mutations in phenylalanine hydroxylase gene.
Authors: Zekanowsk C , Perez B , Desviat L R , Wiszniewski W , Ugarte M
Published: December 2019

Phenylketonuria (PKU), an autosomal recessive disorder caused be a deficiency of hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), is clinically very heterogeneous. At the molecular level, more than 400 mutations in the PAH gene are known to date, which in different genotype combinations could account for biochemical and clinical variability of symptoms. In vitro expression studies on R68G and R68S mutations causing mild phenylketonuria are presented.
Characterization and expression analysis of the yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) gene coding for nodule specific proline-rich protein.
Authors: Karłowski W M , Strózycki P M , Legocki A B
Published: December 2019

The LlPRP2 gene coding for a proline-rich protein shows a high level of similarity to, as well as significant differences from the family of ENOD2 nodule-specific genes. Several sequence motifs with putative regulatory function were identified in the 5' and 3' noncoding regions of the LlPRP2 gene. Northern blot analysis revealed that the expression of the LlPRP2 gene begins 9 days after inoculation of yellow lupin roots with Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus); the expression is restricted to symbiotic nodules and is not detected in other tissues or organs. Detailed hybridization analysis showed that, when expression is activated, the LlPRP2 transcript is modified so as to produce at least three bands and a continuous distribution of decay intermediates. The modification of the LlPRP2 transcript probably involves degradation from the 5'- and/or 3'-ends of the RNA molecules. Southern blot analysis indicates that only one gene is present in the yellow lupin genome. The presence of genes homologous to the LlPRP2 gene was confirmed for three cultivars of yellow lupin and for Lupinus angustifolius. However, LlPRP2 homologues were not detected in Lupinus albus cv. Bac, indicating that this plant may lack the ENOD2 sequence.
Selectin glycoprotein ligands.
Authors: Zak I , Lewandowska E , Gnyp W
Published: December 2019

Lectin selectins and their counter-receptors participate in discontinuous cell-cell interactions concurrent with leukocyte tethering and rolling on endothelium, which, in consequence, leads to leukocyte penetration to lymphatic organs and generation of inflammation sites. Counter-receptors are glycoproteins in which carbohydrate units, the direct selectin ligands, are built into the polypeptide framework. In this review, the distribution, structure and function of the main ligands and counter-receptors for P-, L- and E-selectins known so far, have been discussed. The common biosynthetic pathway of sialyl-Lewis x and sulpho-sialyl-Lewis x determinants of selectin ligands has been described.
Comparative biochemical analysis of lectin and nuclease from Chelidonium majus L.
Authors: Fik E , Dalgalarrondo M , Haertlé T , Goździcka-Józefiak A
Published: December 2019

It has been recently recognized that lectins exhibit other activities besides hemagglutination. Previously we have found that purified lectin from Chelidonium majus showed DNase activity (Fik, Goździcka-Józefiak & Kedzia, 1995, Herba Polon. 41, 84-95). Comparison of lectin and DNase from the sap from leaves and roots of Chelidonium majus proved that both these compounds are composed of 24 kDa monomer subunits which have an identical N-terminal sequence but differ in amino-acid composition and degree of glycosylation. Possible interrelationship between lectin and DNase is discussed.
Detection of damage-recognition proteins from human lymphocytes.
Authors: Lanuszewska J , Cudak A , Rzeszowska-Wolny J , Widłak P
Published: December 2019

Proteins recognizing and binding to damaged DNA (DDB-proteins) were analyzed in human lymphocytes obtained from healthy donors. Using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay several complexes between nuclear extract proteins and damaged DNA were detected: a complex specific for DNA damaged by N-acetoxy-N-acetylaminofluorene, another complex specific for UV-irradiated DNA, and two complexes specific for DNA damaged by cis-dichlorodiammine platinum. All the detected complexes differed in electrophoretic mobility and possibly contained different proteins. Complexes specific for free DNA ends were also detected in protein extracts from lymphocytes.
Reversion of argE3 ochre strain Escherichia coli AB1157 as a tool for studying the stationary-phase (adaptive) mutations.
Authors: Nowosielska A , Grzesiuk E
Published: December 2019

Adaptive (starvation-associated) mutations occur in non-dividing cells and allow growth under the selective conditions imposed. We developed a new method for the determination of adaptive mutations in Escherichia coli. The system involves reversion to prototrophy of the argE3OC mutation and was tested on AB1157 strains mutated in the mutT and/or mutY genes. The bacteria that mutated adaptively grow into colonies on minimal medium plates devoid of arginine (starvation conditions) when incubated longer than 4 days. Using the replica plating method we solved the problem of discrimination between growth-dependent and adaptive argE3-->Arg+ revertants. Phenotype analysis and susceptibility of the Arg+ revertants to a set of T4 phage mutants create an additional possibility to draw a distinction between these two types of Arg+ revertants.
QSARs of some novel isosteric heterocyclics with antifungal activity.
Authors: Yalçin I , Oren I , Temiz O , Sener E A
Published: December 2019

QSAR analysis of a set of previously synthesized 2,5,6-trisubstituted benzoxazole, benzimidazole and 2-substituted oxazolo(4,5-b)pyridine derivatives tested for growth inhibitory activity against Candida albicans, was performed by using the computer-assisted multiple regression procedure. The activity contributions for either heterocyclic ring systems or substituent effects of these compounds were determined from the correlation equation and the predictions for the lead optimization were described. The resulting QSAR revealed that the oxazolo(4,5-b)pyridine ring system with the substitution of a benzyl moiety at position 2 was the most favourable structure among the heterocyclic nuclei. Moreover, the fifth position in the fused ring system is found more significant than the other positions in improving the activity.
Noise Analysis of Air Disc Brake Systems Using Wavelet Synchro Squeezed Transform
Authors: ERTEKİN Zeynep , ÖZKURT Nalan
Published: December 2019

Click here for manuscript sample templateRecently, signal processing methods are shown to be
successful while diagnosing faults in mechanical systems, using noise or
vibration data.  In this study, two
different faulty air disc brakes; noisy and less noisy ones are investigated
using Wavelet Synchrosqueezed Transform on audio recordings. The difference
between two types are shown in scalogram and also verified by a quantitative
measure of entropy. The audio recording has been carried out by using two
identical microphones sited on the brakes via data acquisition unit at a
sampling rate of 20 kHz, 16-bit resolution and these data are analyzed in
MATLAB software. The average of the entropy values of faulty and non-faulty
brakes were found to be 0.98 and 0.65, respectively. Therefore, it has been
concluded that, the entropy could be used as a distinguishing tool to
discriminate the faults.
Compatibility Studies of Sildenafil with Different Excipients by Using TGA, DSC, XRD and FTIR
Authors: SEÇİLMİŞ CANBAY Hale , DOĞANTÜRK Mahmut
Published: December 2019

Study of drug–excipient
interactions is a crucial step in preformulation stage of drug development to
achieve consistent chemical, physical, bioavailability, manufacturability and
stability of the dosage form.  In pre-formulation
studies, it is important to use thermoanalytical and spectroscopic methods.
These are important systems for achieving a suitable formulation. Sildenafil is a well-tolerated and highly
effective treatment for erectile dysfunction. erectile dysfunction was
revolutionized with the development of a
selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-specific
phosphodiesterase type 5. , Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and X-ray Powder Diffraction systems were used in the investigation and to
determine the possible interactions between sildenafil and some excipients like
butylated hydroxyanisole, cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ascorbic acid, and citric acid. Binary mixtures of drug:excipient=1:1
(mass/mass) have been analyzed. According to the results, there is
incompatibility with butylated hydroxyanisole, ascorbic
acid, and citric acid.
A Kinetic Evaluation for PANSA Doped Low Density Polyethylene Blends
Authors: BİLİCİ Ali , KAYA İsmet
Published: December 2019

In our previous study, we prepared blends of low
density polyethylene (LDPE) with semiconductor polymer, poly
(1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene-4-sulfonic acid) (PANSA), in different mixing
ratios. In that study, the findings on some physical and chemical properties of
the blends prepared were also presented. In this study, it was aimed to
investigate the thermal decomposition kinetics of these prepared blends. For
this purpose, thermograms of PANSA doped LDPE blends at four different heating
rates were obtained. With the addition of PANSA into LDPE, it was observed that
the initial decomposition temperature and maximum decomposition temperature of
LDPE increased. Thermal decomposition kinetics of blends were performed using
the integral isoconversional methods (Kissinger, Kim-Park (KP), Tang,
Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO)) in addition to
differential isoconversional method (Friedman method). Thermal decomposition
mechanism for blends was proposed with the help of master plot curves.
Давление отбора на ген нейраминидазы вирусов гриппа, выделенных в Украине с 2009 по 2015 гг.
Authors: Бабий С. В. , Лейбенко Л. В. , Радченко Л. В. , Голубка О. С. , Тетерюк Н. В. , Мироненко А. П.
Published: December 2019

Большое разнообразие существующих в природе антигенных вариантов вируса гриппа вызвано его быстрой эволюционной изменчивостью. Отбор жизнеспособных вариантов вируса гриппа происходит за счет естественного отбора. Лечение гриппозной инфекции с помощью современных противовирусных препаратов – ингибиторов нейраминидазы (NA) – приводит к возникновению мутаций в гене NA, которые ведут к появлению резистентности вирусов к данным препаратам. Цель работы состояла в определении давления отбора на белок NA вирусов гриппа, выделенных в Украине в период с 2009 по 2015 год. Основным методом оценки эволюционного давления на белки является определение количественного соотношения частот замен в несинонимических (dN) и синонимических сайтах (dS). С помощью этого метода мы показали, что лишь некоторые кодоны в гене NA были под влиянием положительного отбора: для вирусов гриппа типа А подтипа A(H1N1)pdm09 – сайт 40, для вирусов подтипа A(H3N2) – сайты 93 и 402, для вирусов гриппа типа B разновидности B/Yamagata – сайты 74, 99 и 268, и для вирусов разновидности В/Victoria – сайты 358, 288 и 455. Указанные сайты не связаны ни с активным центром NA, ни с трансмембранным доменом, ни с антигенными сайтами. Ингибиторы NA не являются селективным фактором отбора вирусов гриппа в Украине, поскольку, сайты, ассоциированные с резистентностью вирусов гриппа к ингибиторам NA, не попали под влияние положительного отбора, что, вероятно, объясняется низким уровнем применения данных противовирусных препаратов в Украине.
PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGIS TERHADAP TOLERANSI ANTAR UMAT BERAGAMA DI KOTA SINGKAWANG
Authors: Saliro Sri Sudono Sudono
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the religious tolerance among different communities in the city of Singkawang. It focuses on the forms of the tolerance as well as the supporting and challenging factors toward tolerance among religious people in the city. This is an empirical research in which it employs descriptive qualitative methods that were used to obtain data through observation and interviews. Among the results of the field research is a finding that in Singkawang City, inter-religious relationships have been facilitated by collaborated forums namely FKUB (Forum Komunikasi Umat Beragama) and FKPELA (Forum Komunikasi Pemuda Lintas Agama). Special for FKPELA, this forum has been claimed as the only interfaith youth communication forums found in Indonesia. Among the supporting factors for the interfaith cooperations are the emotional ties and environmental condition. In this context, the community grows and develops in an environment surrounded by people of different religions. Regarding the challenging factors, it was found that the socio-political situation and traumatic memory of conflict in the city’s history could constitute as inhibiting factors.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa toleransi beragama di antara komunitas yang berbeda di kota Singkawang. Penelitian ini berfokus pada bentuk-bentuk toleransi, serta faktor pendukung dan penghambat toleransi antar umat beragama di kota ini. Penelitian ini bersifat empiris dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data melalui observasi dan wawancara. Di antar hasil dari penelitian lapangan tersebut adalah temuan bahwa hubungan keagaman di kota Singkawang diafasilitasi dalam sebuah wadah kolaboratif yakni FKUB (Forum Komunikasi Umat Beragama) dan FKPELA (Forum Komunikasi Pemuda Lintas Agama). Khusus FKPELA, lembaga ini diklaim sebagai satu-satunya forum komunikasi pemuda lintas agama yang ada di Indonesia. Di antara faktor pendukung toleransi dimaksud adalah ikatan emosional dan kondisi lingkungan. Dalam hal ini, masyarakatnya tumbuh dan berkembang di lingkungan yang dikelilingi oleh orang-orang yang berbeda agama. Di sisi lain, faktor sosial politik dan beban ingatan traumatis terkait konflik dalam sejarah masyarakat di kota ini menjadi faktor penghambat.
Desenvolvimento de um Emulador Eólico Eletrônico Baseado no Modelo Dinâmico do Gerador Síncrono de Ímã Permanente
Authors: Wollz Danilo H. , Silva Sérgio A. O. da , Sampaio Leonardo P.
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um emulador eólico eletrônico (EmEE), o qual envolve os modelos dinâmicos da turbina eólica, do gerador síncrono de ímã permanente e do acoplamento mecânico turbina-gerador. Tais modelos são empregados na geração das referências de tensão do EmEE, as quais são sintetizadas por um inversor de tensão trifásico a três fios, de forma que um aerogerador real possa ser emulado para diferentes velocidades do vento. O EmEE proposto apresenta como vantagens o seu baixo custo de implementação e sua versatilidade na emulação de diferentes modelos de aerogeradores comerciais, viabilizando a realização de diversas pesquisas em laboratório. Um retificador controlado trifásico é usado no estágio de entrada do EmEE para controlar a tensão do barramento CC do inversor, bem como drenar da rede elétrica correntes senoidais, de forma que uma efetiva correção do fator de potência seja alcançada. Tanto o modelo matemático do inversor quanto do retificador de entrada, são representados no referencial síncrono dq. No intuito de validar o estudo realizado, assim como avaliar os desempenhos estáticos e dinâmicos do EmEE proposto, resultados experimentais são apresentados considerando o sistema submetido a diferentes tipos de carga e perfis de vento.
Conversor CC-CC Isolado de Alto Ganho para Integração em Módulos Fotovoltaicos
Authors: Knaesel Carolina , Michels Leandro , Batschauer Alessandro L. , Mezaroba Marcello
Published: December 2019

A significativa redução no custo dos componentes dos sistemas fotovoltaicos tem mudado a perspectiva da aplicação futura desses sistemas. Muitos locais de instalação atualmente descartados devido às orientações não ótimas e aos sombreamentos parciais poderão se tornar viáveis economicamente. Além disso, observa-se uma tendência que ocorra a disseminação dos sistemas fotovoltaicos integrados às edificações (BIPV). Uma abordagem interessante para maximizar a conversão de energia desses sistemas compreende o uso de conversores integrados aos módulos (MIC) com arranjo paralelo. Dessa forma, todos os MICs operam de forma independente entre si, conferindo modularidade e simplicidade de instalação e operação. Nesse trabalho é proposto o uso de uma topologia de MICs baseada em um conversor cc-cc boost meia-ponte isolado de alto ganho com comutação suave para essa aplicação. Esse conversor é analisado em detalhe, sendo proposto um novo equacionamento para determinação do ganho estático dessa topologia considerando a perda de razão cíclica ocasionada pela presença da indutância auxiliar de comutação, uma metodologia para projeto da indutância auxiliar visando a garantia da comutação ZVS de todos os interruptores em uma ampla faixa de operação, bem como o uso de um esquema de controle em cascata para possibilitar a operação em paralelo dos conversores. Resultados experimentais foram obtidos em protótipos similares de 130 W operando com suas saídas conectadas em paralelo, demonstrando a viabilidade da topologia para a aplicação bem como o sistema de controle proposto.