bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of Technology in Learning Activities: E-Module on Islamic Religious Education Learning for Vocational High School Students
Authors: Fahmi Ahmad Nur , Yusuf Munawir , Muchtarom Mohammad
Published: July 2021

Technological advancement encourage a change in learning paradigm towards digital-based learning and a shift in the role of the teacher to become a learning facilitator, not the only source of learning. Innovation in the use of e-modules was a reflection of the integration of ICT into the learning process. This study aimed to develop an electronic module that was suitable for use in learning Islamic religious education for vocational high school students. This research is classified as Research and Development (R&D) research with ADDIE procedures consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. However, this research was limited to the development stage. The sample of this study consisted of one material expert, two media experts and three teachers of Islamic religious education subjects. The data analysis technique uses a descriptive analysis techniques with percentages to describe the feasibility value of the electronic module (e-modul). Based on the results of the study, the results of the assessment of the e-module places by each assessor with details, namely the material expert assessment obtained 96.1%, the media expert assessment 95.1% and the assessment conducted by the subject teacher received a score of 96.1%. 83, 3%, therefore the e-module product developed is suitable for being used as a learning activities. The results of this study can certainly be used as a basis for educators in order to implement electronic digital format module technology into learning activities.
Emergent Curriculum in the Form of Creative Class in Kindergarten
Authors: Antara Putu Aditya
Published: July 2021

The implementation of an emergent curriculum that is developed spontaneously based on children's interests needs to be balanced by a creative class so that learning in class will be very fun for children. This study aims to analyze the potential for implementing an emergent curriculum based on creative classes in kindergarten. This type of research is a qualitative case study approach with data sources derived from observations, interviews, and documentation. The unit of analysis in this study were teachers, principals, and children with a total of 210 people. The data analysis used adopted the Miles and Huberman analysis model which was carried out in four steps, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification or concluding. The results showed that the emergent curriculum based on creative classes in terms of indoor classes was found not to be dynamic, conducive, and ideal to be able to increase children's creativity, but the institution had used the area learning model but it was not optimal in its realization. While the outdoor class has been done neatly and beautifully, but the children have not been well organized when playing in the schoolyard, even though the development of children outdoors is good stimulation for children so that they can be stimulated in various conditions while in kindergarten institutions. -child. In addition, the classroom atmosphere has not been developed creatively and imaginatively even though many parts of the class can be maximized, such as walls being used to periodically display children's works. For this reason, principals and teachers need to be given self-development in the field of the creative classroom-based emergent curriculum so that principals and teachers can carry out the learning process in a spontaneous atmosphere but still on target and according to the interests of the child's potential.
Risk Assessment and Mitigation Strategy in The Halal Food Supply Chain in The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wahyuni Hana Catur , Putra Boy Isma , Handayani Puspista , Maulidah Wafika Urfa
Published: July 2021

Halal is mandatory for Muslims in choosing food. During the Covid-19 pandemic, there were changes in the food supply chain system, and there was a risk of changing the status of halal to non-halal due to various sources. The research objectives are to identify halal risk activities in the supply chain, determine risk priorities and develop mitigation strategies. A case study was conducted at a fish cracker company in Sidoarjo, East Java. Data processing was performed using the FMEA method. The results showed 26 risky activities in the fish cracker supply chain, consisting of 9 risks from suppliers, 7 risks from processes, and 10 risks from distributors. The highest risk is in the process of sending crackers from the company to the distributor. A mitigation strategy is prepared by involving the government, suppliers, companies, and distributors. The formulation of a mitigation strategy is focused on the aspects of technology, human resources, and infrastructure.
Preference-Based Revenue Optimization for App-Based Lifestyle Membership Plans
Authors: Pratikto Fransiscus Rian , Julianto Gerardus Daniel , Susanto Sani
Published: July 2021

The demand for a product is rooted in the consumers’ needs and preferences. Therefore, a pricing optimization model will be more valid if the demand function is represented under this basic notion. A preference-based revenue optimization model for an app-based lifestyle membership program is developed and solved in this research. The model considers competitor products and cannibalization effect from products in other fare-class, where both are incorporated using a preference-based demand function. The demand function was derived through a randomized first choice simulation that converts individual utility values into personal choices based on the random parameter logit model. Cannibalizing products are considered as competing products in the simulation scenario. In the pricing optimization, two and three fare classes based on the membership period are considered. The corresponding pricing optimization problem is a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem with a solution-dependent objective function. Using enumeration, the three-fare-class optimal prices of Rp420,000, Rp300,000, and Rp60,000 for 12-month, 6-month, and 1-month membership, respectively, are better than those of the two-fare-class. Under this policy, the estimated total revenue is Rp30.56 billion, 41.74% greater than that of the current condition.
Sentiment Analysis of Consumers for Determining the Packaging Features of Eucalyptus Oil Products
Authors: Latuny Wilma , Lawalata Victor Oryon , Pailin Daniel Bunga , Ohoirenan Rahman
Published: July 2021

This study aims to accurately predict eucalyptus oil packaging features and extract the most features to be improved for redesigning eucalyptus oil packaging. This research begins with taking consumer comments using a power query and then processing it using the data mining method and processed using WEKA to find sentiment analysis and accuracy of consumer comments regarding eucalyptus oil products. This study obtained the tendency of comments on each attribute with an assessment of the accuracy for all classes of 83% and each positive sentiment 3% of comments and 57% of comments for negative courses. The sentiment that shows the packaging tends to be normal at 20%, which is interpreted as neutral. This research can provide a suggestion to redesign the packaging based on the commentary sentiment of eucalyptus oil.
Optimizing the Preventive Maintenance Scheduling Based on Dynamic Deterministic Demand in The Cement Manufacturing
Authors: Karima Halim Qista , Romadlon Fauzan
Published: July 2021

Preventive maintenance is a planned and scheduled maintenance method that is carried out before a machine failure occurs. The maintenance schedule can be determined based on experience, historical data, or recommendations. Selecting the maintenance schedule greatly affects the production system. The Clin machine in cement manufacturing has an important role in the cement production process. During treatment, the client machine cannot produce clinker, so it is necessary to plan a production system to meet the demand. This paper aims to design an optimization model for determining the preventive maintenance schedule for cement manufacturing by considering the production process and inventory control. Mathematical models with binary options are used to model that system. The model supports showing the optimal preventive maintenance schedule for the ciln machines with a binary decision each period. This mathematical model describes the interaction of production planning, inventory control, and scheduling of total maintenance on a kiln machine. The goal of this system is to determine the optimal preventive maintenance schedule with minimum costs. In addition, the system's output is the optimal production and inventory decision rule for each period. Based on the analysis and simulation of the model with the deterministic and dynamic demand, the optimal preventive maintenance schedule is in the 9th and 21st periods. The kiln machines are maintained every July with minimal costs. The model scenario shows the interaction of the variables and the sensitivity of the production capacity and demand to the decision rule of the variable.
Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Pada Mencit Putih Jantan
Authors: Latief Madyawati , Tarigan Indra Lasmana , Sari Putri Maya , Aurora Fiolita Etsa
Published: July 2021

Hyperuricemia is a disease caused by an increase in uric acid levels in the blood. Currently, various treatments are developed by utilizing natural ingredients as an anti-hyperuricemia. Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) is one of the plants that contain a natural compound that can use as an anti-hyperuricemia treatment is the leaves of sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.). The aim of this study to determine the anti-hyperuricemia activity of the ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves. The test animals used in this study were male white mice Wistar strain. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 groups consisting of negative control (Na CMC 0.5%) positive control (allopurinol 10 mg / kg BW), treatment 1 (extract 125 mg / kg BW), treatment 2 (extract 250 mg / kg BW) and treatment 3 (extract 500 mg / kg BW). The parameters seen were uric acid levels measured using the POCT (Point of Care Test) method and analyzed using One Way Anova statistical analysis and Duncan's continued test. Our results showed that the treatment group with a dose of 125-500 mg / Kg BW reduce uric acid levels in mice. The best dose was a dose of 500 mg / Kg BW in reducing uric acid levels in mice with percent decline of 38.66%.
Agronomic Responses of Cymbopogon schoenanthus L. Spreng., a Sudanese Forage Grass Grown under Compost for a Bio-Ecological Pasture in the Southern Benin
Authors: Mensah Ezéchiel J-P. A. , Kindomihou Valentin , Tovignan Silvère , Saïdou Aliou , Vodouhè Davo Simplice , Aiyelaagbe Isaac , Sinsin Brice
Published: July 2021

Promoting ecological and organic agriculture (including livestock) requires biological resources and alternatives. Cymbopogon schoenanthus is a sudano-sahelian grass species whose crude leaf essential oils, in addition to their antifungal, antimicrobial, antibacterial and acridifuge or acridicide properties, can be an alternative to chemical insecticides in preventing pests and diseases that limit crops productivities. This study tests the agronomic performances of Cymbopogon schoenanthus grown under three doses of compost. Stumps collected from the Park W of Niger were transplanted to the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences of University of Abomey-Calavi in the Southern Benin. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with treatments (0 ton per hectare (i.e., control), 5 tons per hectare and 10 tons per hectare of compost) in four replicates. Plants responses to the compost application throughout traits such as heights, number of tillers per plant, number of flowering tillers and dry aerial biomass production, were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA using STATISTICA 9.0. The results show significant responses of the aerial organs of C. schoenanthus to organic fertilization (p<0.05) with the best performance under 5 tons of compost per hectare: height growth in magnitude of 12.72%, number of tillers multiplied in 146.06% and aerial dry biomass in 178.32%. However, fertilization did not influence flowers appearance. Further studies are required for assessing foliar, nutritional quality and essential oil responses to the compost application in order to sustainably promote small ruminants’ organic production.
Investigation of Brucellosis Using Molecular and Serological Tools in Selected Sites of Maekel Region, Eritrea
Authors: Weldegiorgis Bereket Mihreteab , Mesfin Araia Berhane , Beyene Negassi Leake , Afewerki Yodahi Petros , Abdelkadr Munir Wehab , Tsegai Tekeste Okubamichael , Nuwayu Fitsum Neguse , Araia Zenawi Zeramariam
Published: July 2021

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease primarily affecting animals and accidentally exposed humans. In Eritrea, brucellosis endemicity is proven by several sero-prevalence studies in domestic animals and occupationally exposed humans. However, there is a gap of information on the commonly occurring brucella species and cause of human/animal brucellosis. The objective of this study is to identify brucella species in sheep and goats which possibly pose risk to human brucellosis. Out of a total 71 serum and 71 vaginal swab samples collected from sheep and goats, eight serum samples by Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and 4 vaginal swabs by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were found positive for brucellosis. Combinatorial PCR detected Br. melitensis from the four PCR positive samples. Questionnaire interviews collected from 68 confirmed brucellosis patients showed that habits of drinking unpasteurized yoghurt and raw milk and handling of aborted materials were common. This investigation study suggests, Br. melitensis could be the major cause of brucellosis in humans and animals in Maekel region Eritrea. Therefore, a large-scale epidemiological study is recommended to confirm the true extent of the problem in animals and humans.
Microscopic and Molecular Detection of Entamoeba histolytica in Selected Public Primary School Pupils of Bwari Area Council, F.C.T Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Okusaga F. R. , Ombugadu R. J. , Yako A. B. , Amuga G. A.
Published: July 2021

This study evaluated the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica using microscopic detection and confirmed by DNA analysis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique by taking samples of some public primary school pupils within Bwari Area Council of Abuja, Nigeria. Microscopic and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis targeting only a small portion (228 bp) of the adh112 gene. Results showed that out of three hundred and twenty (320) stool sample screened, twenty six 26 (8.1%) were found to be positive of the parasite. The prevalence was high among pupils in school 4 with 7 (11.2%) follow by school 5 with (11.1%), school 3 with 5(8.3%), school 1 with 5(7.3%) and the lowest school 2 with (2.9%) P<0.05. The prevalence was high among male with 18 (13.2%) than the female P<0.05. The prevalent was high among age 4-9 had more E. histolytica than other age group with 16 (12.8%) P<0.05. The prevalence of E. histolytica was high among those that use Open space system toilet with 11 (14.4%) than the other risk factors examined P<0.05. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism showed that the entire twenty six parasite were E. histolytica as given on the Agarose gel electrophoresis with adh112 gene band of 228bp. The sources of contracting amoebiasis include drinking of contaminated water, poor sanitation in living quarters, lack of or improper use of toilets, contact with flies and items contaminated by flies, among other hygiene related issues.
Biodiversity of Parasitoids Present in Agroforestry in Brazil
Authors: Marchiori Carlos Henrique
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to report the parasitoids collected on many substrates in the agroforestry area in Brazil. The experimental study was carried out in an agroforestry area in the south of Goiás, Brazil. Traps made of metal containers. They served as baits to attract flies: fish, bovine kidneys, human feces and chicken viscera deposited inside metal containers, on a layer of sand. This sand was sieved after the pupae were extracted and subsequently placed individually in small glass containers to obtain flies and parasitoids. From 745 pupae of dipteran collected 684 parasitoids emerged from 111 pupae. The most frequent species in this study was Aphaereta sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) 52.6%. The total percentage of parasitism obtained at work was 14.9%. Brachymeria podagrica Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) was the species that presented the highest percentage of parasitism with 55.0%, parasitizing Ophyra aenescens L. (Diptera: Muscidae) on human feces substrate
Effect of Inflation on Sri Lankan Banks’ Performance: Mediation Effect of Interest Income and Expenses
Authors: Amarasena B. W. C. M. , Peiris T. U. I.
Published: July 2021

This study hypothesizes that the inflationary effects on bank performance are not straightforward but mediates through interest income and expenditure. This hypothesis is tested in the Sri Lankan context, referring to 17 licensed banks from 2011 to 2019. Findings were obtained using the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SURE) model, and the results were tested for robustness by applying Three-Stage Least Squares Regression (3SLS) model. Results indicated that interest expenses negatively significant as a mediator between inflation and banks’ performance. In contrast, the effect of interest income is positive. Therefore, a significantly negative overall effect can be expected because interest expenses are relatively more substantial than the influence of interest income on the banks' performance. Furthermore, although banks with excess savings can grant loans to the customers, customers are reluctant to gain the loans because they have to spend more interest in an inflationary situation.
Economic Development, Political and Socio-Political Violence Crisis in the Sub-Saharan Africa: An Economic Panel Study
Authors: Addy Winfred Okoe , HongXing Yao , Otchere Samuel Kofi , Beraud Jean-Jacques Dominique
Published: July 2021

Social and political instability threatens the economic and social development of nations. Political persecution is therefore characterized by socio-political instability as a barrier to development that creates economic difficulties, limited public and private investments and hinders national development. This article describes political persecution and economic development through a close examination of the African ministry which covers key issues such as welfare and drug trafficking. We use various measures to measure political violence and economic development, and we use the crisis management strategies of Driscoll and Kraay and a comprehensive time-based approach to measure (GMM) for a sample of Sub Saharan African countries in the period 2000-2014. In the example of political persecution, we find that the combination of individual achievement, education, capture, and health has a negative impact on politics, but GINI, unemployment, drugs and homeless people that have a positive impact on violence. In the example of the economy, political violence, armed with bribery and corruption, has a negative impact on economic development, but population, security, employment, political participation, housing have a negative impact on production and on economic progress. Positive impact on economic development. The findings underscore the importance of implementing social policies and guidelines against political violence to increase economic growth and development, productivity, political participation and human security in the regions of Africa.
Readiness Analysis of Electronic Medical Record Implementation at Dinda Tangerang Hospital Using Correlational Method
Authors: Kusriyanti Diana , Matuwi Budi , Supriyantoro .
Published: July 2021

The electronic medical record (EMR) known today is not a new system in the documentation of patient medical records. Electronic Medical Record is a system that contains the patient's health and disease history, diagnostic test results, other medical data, and treatment cost information. In Indonesia it is known as Rekam Medis Elektronik (RME).

In accordance with the vision of Dinda Tangerang Hospital to be a quality hospital and trusted by all levels of society, it is appropriate to use technology in its medical record services. Where currently the medical record unit of Dinda Tangerang Hospital still uses Paper Based Medical Record. So, a readiness analysis is required to switch to EMR. This research uses quantitative research method with correlational research design that aims to know the readiness of Dinda Tangerang Hospital in applying EMR. The departments studied are the medical department, the medical support department, and the medical records unit. The most powerful relationship between a variable with an R value is 0.632. The value is in the criteria of correlation coefficient value of 0.51–0.75 which means there is a strong relationship between the organization and monitoring and collaboration. while the readiness analysis of Dinda Tangerang Hospital to apply electronic medical records is in range IV and can be said to be ready.
Qualimetric assessment of metrological characteristics of household gas meters during periodic verification
Authors: Serediuk Orest , Krynytskyi Oleksandr , Romaniv Vasyl , Serediuk Denis , Vynnychuk Аnna
Published: July 2021

Informative parameters for statistical estimation of operational error of SAMGAS, METRIX, PREMAGAS household gas meters (HGM) are formulated. These are the values of the measured volume during the verification period of operation and the experimentally determined error of the meter during operation at three normalized flow rates: minimum, maximum and 20% of the maximum.

Six ranges of variation of the HGM error at the minimum flow rate were selected to form statistical samples of meters. According to the proposed algorithm, the change in the weighted average HGM error for three normalized flow rates from the measured volume is quantified, taking into account the number of HGMs and their error ranges. It is proposed to apply the concept of generalized weighted average error of HGM, which reflects the operational error of HGMs during their operation in the entire range of consumption when measuring gas volumes up to 60 thousand cubic meters.
Synthesis of a linear static function for grain moisture meter with capacitive sensors
Authors: Zabolotnyi Oleksandr , Zabolotnyi Vitalii , Koshevoy Nicolay
Published: July 2021

Moisture content is a grain quality factor, a parameter which changes during the processes of storage and processing and determines consumer properties of different food products. OIML organization in its international recommendation OIML R59 “Moisture Meters for Cereal Grain and Oilseeds” restricts maximal permissible value of moisture meters uncertainty to not more than 3% of relative full scale error. Main task of the research is in receiving linear static function for the grain moisture meter with four capacitive sensors. Method of Least Squares and general linear regression instruments had been used for that purpose. Analyzing the graphs of modified static function for different moist substances it was possible to say that it happened to be far more effective than initial static function and the static function received from a first-order polynomial after the LS method implementation. Root mean estimator was calculated for initial static function, the static function received with the LS method and static function, received after general linear regression implementation as an integral difference between nominal and calculated values of moisture content. Corresponding root mean estimator values were 1.3062%, 1.1616% and 0.4158%, that proves the effectiveness of a static function modified with the general linear regression instruments.
Keywords: moisture content measurement; capacitive moisture meter; reference channel; capacitive sensor; linear static function
Voltage spectral structure of the thermocouple with temperature dependent wires
Authors: Tuz Yulian , Kozyr Oleg
Published: July 2021

The article presents a study of the origin of extra harmonics in the frequency spectrum of thermocouple output signal when being heated by sinusoidal waveform current. It is natural to have the first harmonic, which arises according to Ohm’s law, as a product of current and the total resistance of thermocouple and junction conductors, as well as the Peltier, Thomson effects, and the presence of the second harmonic, which is caused by a heating of junction and thermocouple conductors. The fact that third and higher harmonics arise when the resistance of conductors and junction is thermally dependent was identified.
The analytical dependence of the resulting voltage across the thermocouple terminals as a function of the total resistance of conductors and junction, and the voltages due to the effects of Joule, Seebeck, Peltier and Thomson, is established. Based on the analysis of the obtained function and experimentally obtained voltage spectra across the terminal of the thermocouple, an assumption was made about the nature of the voltage spectrum that heats thermally dependent wires of the thermocouple. Recommendations are given to reduce the influence of the first, third and higher harmonics, which are uninformative, and to separate the voltage of the second informative harmonic, which is used to get frequency response of the thermocouple.
Keywords: frequency response; thermocouple; EMF; spectrum; thermally dependent resistance; voltage
Wybrane aspekty ubezpieczeń gospodarczych w Polsce i na świecie w dobie pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Przybytniowski Jarosław Wenancjusz , Grzebieniak Andrzej , Pacholarz Wioletta Magdalena
Published: July 2021

Podejmując próbę przedstawienia funkcjonowania ubezpieczeń gospodarczych w dobie COVID-19, kwestią zasadniczą pozostaje przeanalizowanie specyfiki funkcjonowania rynku ubezpieczeń gospodarczych, jak i zachowań klientów na tym rynku (wyzwań oraz zagrożeń), gdzie relacje pomiędzy tymi podmiotami podlegają szczególnym uwarunkowaniom rynkowym i rządzą się własnymi regułami. Mając to na uwadze, w niniejszej monografii autorzy przeanalizowali otoczenie rynku ubezpieczeń gospodarczych w dobie pandemii COVID-19 zarówno w Polsce, jak i na świecie. Nakreślili politykę ubezpieczeń, wykorzystywaną w budowaniu odporności na kryzysy, pamiętając o planowaniu działań awaryjnych. Tym samym, niniejsze opracowanie poświęcone jest prezentacji funkcjonowania ubezpieczeń gospodarczych w dobie pandemii – COVID-19 w Polsce i na świecie, przez pryzmat: zachowań klienta na tym rynku, sytuacji ekonomicznej poszczególnych państw, jak też samego rynku ubezpieczeń Działu II, z naciskiem na ubezpieczenia komunikacyjne. Pandemia COVID-19 spowodowała uruchomienie wielu procesów, które mogą stanowić wyzwanie dla rynku ubezpieczeniowego zarówno w Polsce, jaki na świecie. W zamierzeniu autorów tak sformułowany cel pracy może stać się przyczynkiem do debaty naukowej na temat wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na rynek ubezpieczeń gospodarczych i na poszczególne obszary jego funkcjonowania. Opracowanie skupia się na następujących obszarach: stopniu przenoszenia choroby, gospodarczych i finansowych skutkach COVID-19 dla rynku ubezpieczeń gospodarczych na świecie oraz w Polsce, a także na społeczno-ekonomicznych konsekwencjach wprowadzenia lockdown-u. Analiza została oparta na faktycznym rozwoju sytuacji w stosunku do budowanych scenariuszy wobec pandemii sprzed COVID-19, czyli opartych na epidemii SARS z 2002 r. oraz pandemii grypy w Hiszpanii w 1918 r. Wartością dodaną monografii jest analiza, w dobie pandemii COVID-19, z jednej strony sektora ubezpieczeń gospodarczych, z drugiej – wzajemnych relacji na linii klient – zakład ubezpieczeń. Ponadto, zaletę publikacji stanowi fakt, że jest jedną z pierwszych na rynku krajowym, która prezentuje zachowania ubezpieczycieli w dobie pandemii COVID-19.
La enseñanza de la matemática en la carrera de Microbiología Clínica e Industrial durante la pandemia de la COVID-19: herramientas tecnológicas y educación con el enfoque: Ciencia, Tecnología, Sociedad (CTS)
Authors: Lampert Damian , Porro Silvia
Published: July 2021

Se presenta una investigación cualitativa, de carácter exploratoria y reflexiva, sobre la enseñanza de la matemática durante la pandemia de la COVID-19, a partir de la utilización de diferentes herramientas tecnológicas y del abordaje del enfoque Ciencia, Tecnología, Sociedad (CTS). Se analizan las ventajas y desventajas de diferentes herramientas, tales como plataformas web, aplicaciones de videoconferencias y tabletas gráficas, para tratar resolver problemas, de manera sincrónica, durante las clases virtuales. Enseñar matemática a partir del enfoque CTS, permite contextualizar los contenidos disciplinares en relación con temas de sociología e historia de la ciencia, analizando, por ejemplo, el desarrollo de una enfermedad.
Prevalence of iatrogenic trigeminal nerve injuries in routine dental practice in private, public, and educational clinics of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Rumyyan Abeer , Al-Saleh Raghad , Al-Mazyad Al-Jawharah , Al-Madi Dalal , Alanazi Rehab , Al-Smari Rahaf , Al-Arjani Ahad , Alorf Roaa
Published: July 2021

Background: The trigeminal nerve (V) is a critical nerve in the maxillofacial region relevant to dentistry. The nerve trifurcates into ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves . The risk of having trigeminal nerve injuries (TNIs) is relatively high as dentists from various specialties perform trigeminal nerve blocks in routine dental practice. The causes of TNIs can be varied and broadly classified into iatrogenic and non-iatrogenic. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of TNIs, mainly iatrogenic injuries, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and examine the various dental factors associated with these types of nerve injuries.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out through a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of two major parts: demographic data and injury assessment and management. The participants were 349 in number and were dentists, interns, and dental students working in private, governmental, and educational sectors. The participants were approached by a simple random sampling technique. The reporting of the iatrogenic cases is mainly outlined.
Results: Among the participants, 45.9% were dentists, 35.8% students, and 18.3% were interns. Most cases (93%, N = 44) were presented with neuropathy due to iatrogenic injury. Out of the 93% reported cases, 65.9% were related to extractions, 27.3% were associated with implants and restorative procedures, and 18.2% were related to endodontic procedures. Temporary injuries accounted for 82%, whereas permanent injuries were 18%. The inferior alveolar nerve is affected more often than the lingual nerve. Most of these injuries (70%) were referred to oral and maxillofacial surgeons for follow-up.
Conclusion: An appropriate assessment, thorough history, and clinical examination would significantly help prevent TNI cases. Moreover, well documentation and prompt reporting and referral by the clinicians would ensure optimum patient care. Therefore, further studies covering the main Saudi regions other than Riyadh city are advocated to establish preventive and management protocols.
Alglerden Elde Edilen ve Gıdalarda Doğal Renklendirici Olarak Kullanılan Pigmentler ve Fonksiyonel Özellikleri
Authors: İlter Işıl , Akyıl Saniye , Koç Mehmet , Kaymak-Ertekin Figen
Published: July 2021

Colour is one of the major features that fascinate the customers and makes the foods more allurement. Due to changes of customer demands and countries’ legislations, usage of synthetic colorants is being decreased every day and food industry tends to use natural colorant. Algae have recently gained importance owing to a sustainable natural source of colorant. Algae can rapidly increase their biomass compared to plants thus they produce more pigments. This review covers the subjects about the functional properties and usage areas of natural colorants obtained from algae; phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, lutein, fucoxanthin.
The Change of Catalase Enzyme Activity in Soils by The Land Use
Authors: Kravkaz Kuşçu İnci Sevinç , Karaöz Mustafa Ömer
Published: July 2021

Analysing the factors driving the population size and activities of soil microorganisms is important for understanding the soil ecosystem‘s structure and functioning. For this purpose, the soil enzymes are used as an indicator of soil microbial activity and soil fertility. Although there are many studies on the distribution and activities of various soil enzymes in soils under monoculture or crop alternation conditions, there are only few studies examining the ecological relationship in natural ecosystems, especially by using enzymes. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of different land uses on the catalase enzyme activity in soil. For this purpose, the catalase enzyme activities in soil samples taken from 0-5cm and 5-10cm depths in agricultural, forest, and pasture lands in north and south exposures were determined and the effects of different land use, exposure, and soil depth conditions on the enzyme activities were investigated. At the end of the study, it was determined that the catalase enzyme activity significantly differed by the land use and the highest level of catalase enzyme activity in both south and north exposures and at both depth levels was found in forest soils, whereas the lowest level of activity was found in agricultural lands in north exposure and pasture soils in south exposure.
Administración y Estado en el contexto post Covid-19: ¿Hacia un nuevo tipo de vínculo?
Authors: Pont Vidal Josep
Published: July 2021

La pandemia de post Covid-19 ha tenido profundos impactos en todas las sociedades. El Estado y la Administración no han quedado al margen sino que se encuentran en un entorno caracterizado por cambios dinámicos, desconocidos y contingentes. Las transformaciones iniciadas unos años antes sobre la función y extensión del Estado se han acentuado, y las administraciones tendrán que adaptarse a unas condiciones muy inestables: cambios en la economía y de los actores políticos, reformulación rápida de métodos, nuevas demandas, reformulación de la relación con la sociedad. En este escenario aparecen dos cuestiones centrales. Una primera de carácter descriptivo, sobre la transformación del Estado y la administración en un entorno inseguro, complejo y contingente. En la segunda de índole metodológico-conceptual, aparece la necesidad de procurar y aplicar conceptos y lógicas con capacidad del diálogo interdisciplinario y con la suficiente idoneidad y sofisticación para describir esta complejidad.
Inteligencia artificial y gobernanza de datos en las administraciones públicas: reflexiones y evidencias para su desarrollo
Authors: Salvador Serna Miquel
Published: July 2021

El desarrollo y la integración de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) a nivel transversal en las organizaciones del sector público, trascendiendo de iniciativas puntuales de carácter sectorial, requiere contar con nuevas capacidades. La revisión de diferentes aproximaciones que abordan esta cuestión permite destacar la importancia de los datos y, más concretamente, de su gobernanza en las administraciones públicas. Para profundizar en ello se analizan las diferentes dimensiones de la gobernanza de datos y se identifican cinco componentes para su desarrollo: la estrategia, la arquitectura e infraestructura de datos, la organización (incluyendo la estructura y los procesos), la gestión del talento y las competencias de los profesionales y el modelo de relaciones de la organización con su entorno. A través de la reflexión conceptual y su aplicación a un estudio de caso sobre el Ayuntamiento de Barcelona, con aportes en los diferentes componentes, se destacan aprendizajes y se formulan propuestas para cada uno de ellos. Las conclusiones permiten destacar la necesidad de contar con una estrategia integrada de refuerzo institucional que relacione los diferentes componentes de una gobernanza de datos vinculada al desarrollo de la Inteligencia Artificial en el sector público.
Derivation Mathematical Equations for Future Calculation of Potential Evapotranspiration in Iraq, A Review of Application of Thornthwaite Evapotranspiration
Authors: Al-Sudani Hussein Ilaibi Zamil
Published: July 2021

In any natural area or water body, evapotranspiration is one of the important outcomes in the water balance equation. As a significant method and depending on monthly average temperature, estimating of potential Evapotranspiration depending on Thornthwaite method was adopted in this research review. Estimate and discuss evapotranspiration by using Thornthwaite method is the main objectives of this research review with considerable details as well as compute potential evapotranspiration based on climatologically data obtained in Iraq. Temperature - evapotranspiration relationship can be estimated between those two parameters to reduce cost and time and facilitate calculation of water balance in lakes, river, and hydrogeological basins. The relationship was obtained using Thornthwaite method in Iraq by dividing the area into seven sectors according to geographic latitude. Each sector has multi meteorological stations where thirty two stations were used with different periods of records. A mathematical relationship was obtained between mean temperature and corrected potential evapotranspiration with (97.45) to (99.84) coefficient of determination. The mean temperature has a decreasing pattern from southern east towards northern west of Iraq affected by Mediterranean Sea climate conditions, while corrected potential evapotranspiration has the opposite direction regarding increased value because of a direct relationship with temperature.
The Ecological Risk Assessment of Ash Toxicity in the Freshwater Crustacean Simocephalus vetulus SchÏ•dler 1858
Authors: Al-Naymi Noor A. Sh. , Mohammed Ahmed J. , Nashaat Muhanned R.
Published: July 2021

The estimating of ash toxicity collected from Durah power plant (DPP) which is located in Baghdad Governorate was done by exposed cladoceran Simocephalus vetulus to different ash concentrations. Thus, the first of its kind study by assessing the toxic effect of these effluents in the selected laboratory individual's food chain. The acute toxicity test of ash was assessed by LC50 and mortality percentage. LC50 of ash on S. vetulus were 0.14, 0.11 and 0.1 ppt during 24, 48 and 72 hr., respectively. On the other hand, it was shown that increasing the concentrations of ash leads to an increase mortality percentage. It was observed that the maximum mortality percentage  (LC100) when exposed to 0.2 and 0.19 ppt at 24 hr. of exposing. On the other hand, the minimum mortality percentages were 0% (LC0) when exposed to 0.1 ppt at 24 hr., this percentage increased to 43% and 56% after 48 and 72 hr., respectively. Also, some obvious changes were observed in the animal behavior, such as slowness at first, then settle on the bottom of the beakers with stopped the antenna and thoracic appendages followed by a weak in a heartbeat. It was shown that the ash concentrations result in inhibiting the survival and increased the mortality percentage, this may be related with the presence of the toxic constituents in ash and change in pH level which was caused a harmful effect.
Multi-Objective Shortest Path Model for Optimal Route between Commercial Cities on America
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammed S.
Published: July 2021

The traditional shortest path problem is mainly concerned with identifying the associated paths in the transportation network that represent the shortest distance between the source and the destination in the transportation network by finding either cost or distance. As for the problem of research under study it is to find the shortest optimal path of multi-objective (cost, distance and time) at the same time has been clarified through the application of a proposed practical model of the problem of multi-objective shortest path to solve the problem of the most important 25 commercial US cities by travel in the car or plane. The proposed model was also solved using the lexicographic method through package program Win-QSB 2.0 for operational research applications.
Comprehensive Processing for Arabic Texts to Extract Their Roots
Authors: Belal AbuSaleh
Published: July 2021

Arabic language is a highly inflectional language where a single word can have different forms using a single root with different interpretations. Arabic does not have a standard way to find roots, the reasons for having inflectional language: suffix, prefix and infix Vowels, which built in complex processes. That is why, words require good processing for information retrieval solutions, until now, and there has been no standard approach to attaining the fully proper root. The applications on Arabic words show around 99% are derived from a combination of bilateral, Trilateral and quad lateral roots.Processing word- stemming levels in order to extract a root is the process of removing all additional affixes. In case the process of matching between a word and Proper names is available, take off the affixes away, according to patterns and rules with reference to root dictionaries.This research is new series of steps using a new way of affixes' browsing, vowels and Patterns through three stages of stemming. I f a match is not found, vowel replacement and patterns readjusted to check, if not, then the word is kept unmodified.Search engine, indexing, file classification, clustering etc. need developing the root extraction, where the researcher will introduce recommendations and solutions that participate in improving Arabic root extraction.Research applies comprehensive processing on general collection of documents that done gradually to improve the root extraction by 96%.
Production of Aspartame by Immobilized Thermolysin
Authors: Alsoufi Mohammed A , Aziz Raghad A.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was the production of aspartame by using immobilized thermolysin in bentonite clay. The yield of immobilized thermolysin in bentonite was 92% of the original enzyme amount. pH profile of free and immobilized enzyme was 7.0 and 7.5 respectively which was stable at 6.5-9.0 for 30min. The optimum temperature of both enzymes was 50Â°C, while they were stable at 65Â°C for 30min. however, they lost 52.73 and 61.72% from its main activity at 80Â°C respectively. Immobilized thermolysin has retained all activity within 27 days, but it kept 68.27% of initial activity when stored for 60 days at 4Â°C whereas, it retained a full activity after 20 continue usage. In addition, it retained 86.53% of its original activity after 30 continuing usages. The yield of produced aspartame was increased with reaction time; it was 9% after 1h and increased gradually to 100% after 10h at reaction conditions.
An Approximation Technique for Fractional Order Delay Differential Equations
Authors: Odetunde Olutunde Samuel , Taiwo Abass Ishola , Dehinsilu Olusola Adebanwo
Published: July 2021

In this research article, an Iterative Decomposition Method is applied to approximate linear and non-linear fractional delay differential equation. The method was used to express the solution of a Fractional delay differential equation in the form of a convergent series of infinite terms which can be effortlessly computable.The method requires neither discretization nor linearization. Solutions obtained for some test problems using the proposed method were compared with those obtained from some methods and the exact solutions. The outcomes showed the proposed approach is more efficient and correct.
Efficient Iterative Method for Solving Korteweg-de Vries Equations
Authors: Yassein Samaher marez , Aswhad Asmaa Abd
Published: July 2021

The Korteweg-de Vries equation plays an important role in fluid physics and applied mathematics. This equation is a fundamental within study of shallow water waves. Since these equations arise in many applications and physical phenomena, it is officially showed that this equation has solitary waves as solutions, The Korteweg-de Vries equation is utilized to characterize a long waves travelling in channels. The goal of this paper is to construct the new effective frequent relation to resolve these problems where the semi analytic iterative technique presents new enforcement to solve Korteweg-de Vries equations. The distinctive feature of this method is, it can be utilized to get approximate solutions for travelling waves of non-linear partial differential equations with small amount of computations does not require to calculate restrictive assumptions or transformation like other conventional methods. In addition, several examples clarify the relevant features of this presented method, so the results of this study are debated to show that this method is a powerful tool and promising to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency for solving these problems. To evaluate the results in the iterative process we used the Matlab symbolic manipulator.
Fish Assemblage Structure in Al-Huwaizah marsh southern of Iraq after inscribed on the World Heritage List
Authors: Al-Thahaibawi Basim M. Hubain , Younis Kadhim H. , Al-Mayaly Ithar K.A.
Published: July 2021

The fish assemblage structure in Al-Huwaizah marsh, southern of Iraq was assessed. Fish samples collected monthly by different fishing means from period December 2017 to November 2018. A total of 28959 individual of fish belonging to 9 families and 19 species were collected, 11 of them of native species and 8 of alienspecies. The numerical dominance index value (D3) of the highest three abundant species comprised 74.26% of the total fish caught, included Planiliza abu (Al-Keshny) 38.2% ; Coptodon zilli (Tilapia red abdomen) 29.41% and Carassius auratus (Prussian carp) 6.65%. The total weight of fish caught 2,190,680 tan, highest weight 312,242kg achieved in July, while lowest weight 41,590 kg found in September. The weight dominance index value (D3) of the highest three species in weight recorded 1,409,973 tan of the total weight of fish caught included C. zilli(Tilapia red abdomen) 659,994 kg , S. triostegus (Jerry fresh water) 495,784 kg and O. aureus (Blue tilapia) 245,195kg.The annual rate value for diversity, richness and evenness indices amounted 1.88, 1.75 and 0.64, respectively. Some of physical and chemical properties were studied such as water temperature which ranged from 11.5Â°C in January to 31.02Â°C in August month, dissolved oxygen ranged from 2.24 mg/l in September to 9.9mg/l in February, salinity varied from 1.37â€° in November to 3.76â€° in September and pH which ranged from 7.4 in June to 8.15 in December.Jaccard Similarity Index (Ss%) was used to know the similarity degree between the monthly catch samples. Also associations between distribution of fish species and the environmental variables were quantified by using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA).