bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of utilization of cervical cancer screening among women in the age group of 30–49 years in Ambo Town, Central Ethiopia: A case-control study
Authors: Lemma Dereje , Aboma Mecha , Girma Teka , Dechesa Abebe
Published: July 2022

Background

Globally, cervical cancer is the second most common and the leading cause of death in women in low-income countries. It is one of the potentially preventable cancers, and an effective screening program can result in a significant reduction in the morbidity and mortality associated with this cancer; however, evidence showed that only a small percentage of the women were screened. As a result, predictors of cervical cancer screening usage among women in Ambo town, central Ethiopia, were identified in this study.

Method

Unmatched, a community-based case-control study was conducted among 195 randomly sampled women in the age group of 30–49 years in Ambo town from February 1 to March 30, 2020. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was done using SPSS.

Results

A total of 195 study participants, sixty-five cases and one hundred thirty controls, participated in this study, making a response rate of 100%. Being in the age group of 30–34 years old (AOR = 0.2; 95% CI: 0.06–0.7), being Para five and above (AOR = 4.5; 95% CI: 1.4–14.1), modern contraceptive utilization (AOR = 5.4; 95% CI: 1.8–16.3) and having high-level knowledge regarding cervical cancer screening and its predisposing factors (AOR = 5.9; 95% CI: 2–17) were significantly associated with the utilization of cervical cancer screening.

Conclusion

The age of women, parity, use of modern contraception, and level of knowledge regarding cervical cancer screening and its predisposing factors were the determinants of the utilization of cervical cancer screening among women. As a result, the media, the health bureau, and health professionals should advocate raising awareness about cervical cancer and its preventative methods, which are primarily focused on screening.
SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies for outbreak mitigation in vaccinated populations
Authors: Kumar Chirag K. , Balasubramanian Ruchita , Ongarello Stefano , Carmona Sergio , Laxminarayan Ramanan
Published: July 2022

Although COVID-19 vaccines are globally available, waning immunity and emerging vaccine-evasive variants of concern have hindered the international response and transition to a post-pandemic era. Testing to identify and isolate infectious individuals remains the most proactive strategy for containing an ongoing COVID-19 outbreak. We developed a stochastic, compartmentalized model to simulate the impact of using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) assays, rapid antigen tests, and vaccinations on SARS-CoV-2 spread. We compare testing strategies across an example high-income country (the United States) and low- and middle-income country (India). We detail the optimal testing frequency and coverage in the US and India to mitigate an emerging outbreak even in a vaccinated population: overall, maximizing testing frequency is most important, but having high testing coverage remains necessary when there is sustained transmission. A resource-limited vaccination strategy still requires high-frequency testing to minimize subsequent outbreaks and is 16.50% more effective in reducing cases in India than the United States. Tailoring testing strategies to transmission settings can help effectively reduce disease burden more than if a uniform approach were employed without regard to epidemiological variability across locations.
Dietary Bacillus licheniformis improves the effect of Astragalus membranaceus extract on blood glucose by regulating antioxidation activity and intestinal microbiota in InR[E19]/TM2 Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Wang Denghui , Zhang Yaxin , Xu Meiling , Sun Xiaoling , Cui Xiulin , Wang Xiuran , Liu Dongbo
Published: July 2022

Background

The diabetes mellitus prevalence is rapidly increasing in most parts of the world and has become a vital health problem. Probiotic and herbal foods are valuable in the treatment of diabetes.

Methods and performance

In this study, Bacillus licheniformis (BL) and Astragalus membranaceus extract (AE) were given with food to InR[E19]/TM2 Drosophila melanogaster, and the blood glucose, antioxidation activity and intestinal microbiota were investigated. The obtained results showed that BA (BL and AE combination) supplementation markedly decreased the blood glucose concentration compared with the standard diet control group, accompanied by significantly increased enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT), decreased MDA levels and prolonged lifespan of InR[E19]/TM2 D. melanogaster. The treatments with BL, AE and BA also ameliorated intestinal microbiota equilibrium by increasing the population of Lactobacillus and significantly decreasing the abundance of Wolbachia. In addition, clearly different evolutionary clusters were found among the control, BL, AE and BA-supplemented diets, and the beneficial microbiota, Lactobacillaceae and Acetobacter, were found to be significantly increased in male flies that were fed BA. These results indicated that dietary supplementation with AE combined with BL not only decreased blood glucose but also extended the lifespan, with CAT increasing, MDA decreasing, and intestinal microbiota improving in InR[E19]/TM2 D. melanogaster.

Conclusion

The obtained results showed that dietary supplementation with BL and AE, under the synergistic effect of BL and AE, not only prolonged the lifespan of InR[E19]/TM2 D. melanogaster, increased body weight, and improved the body’s antiaging enzyme activity but also effectively improved the types and quantities of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal flora of InR[E19]/TM2 D. melanogaster to improve the characteristics of diabetes symptoms. This study provides scientific evidence for a safe and effective dietary therapeutic method for diabetes mellitus.
The impact of flooding on firm performance and economic growth
Authors: Pan Xiaofei , Qiu Buhui
Published: July 2022

Using comprehensive flood data from China, we find a significant, negative impact of flooding on firm performance, which is mainly driven by unexpected flooding. We use multiple identification strategies to address endogeneity concerns and find that the documented impact of flooding on firm performance is likely causal. The impact is more pronounced for firms with more tangible asset investment, firms located in cities with low government quality, firms facing tight financial constraints, firms controlled by non-government entities and firms with low geographic diversification. Flood-exposed firms react to the threat by altering their investment, financial, cash, payout and executive compensation policies. Finally, flooding also exerts a significant impact on local economic and employment growth.
Prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients with severe COVID-19 is associated with serial modified-lung ultrasound scores: A single-centre cohort study
Authors: Taniguchi Hayato , Ohya Aimi , Yamagata Hidehiro , Iwashita Masayuki , Abe Takeru , Takeuchi Ichiro
Published: July 2022

Lung ultrasound (LUS), a rapid, bedside, goal-oriented diagnostic test, can be quantitatively assessed, and the scores can be used to evaluate disease progression. However, little data exists on predicting prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) and successful extubation using serial LUS scores. We examined the relationship of PMV with successful extubation in patients with severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by using two types of serial LUS scores. One LUS score evaluated both the pleura and lung fields, while the other assessed each separately (modified-LUS score). Both LUS scores were determined for 20 consecutive patients with severe COVID-19 at three timepoints: admission (day-1), after 48 h (day-3), and on the seventh follow-up day (day-7). We compared LUS scores with the radiographic assessment of the lung oedema (RALE) scores and laboratory test results, at the three timepoints. The PMV and successful extubation groups showed no significant differences in mortality, but significant differences occurred on day-3 and day-7 both LUS scores, day-7 RALE score, and day-7 PaO2/FiO2 ratio, in the PMV group (p<0.05); and day-3 and day-7 modified-LUS scores, day-7 C-reactive protein levels, and day-7 PaO2/FiO2 ratio, in the successful extubation group (p<0.05). The area under the curves (AUC) of LUS scores on day-3 and day-7, modified-LUS scores on day-3 and day-7,RALE score on day-7, and PaO2/FiO2 ratio on day-7 in the PMV group were 0.98, 0.85, 0.88, 0.98, 0.77, and 0.80, respectively. The AUC of modified-LUS scores on day-3 and day-7, C-reactive protein levels on day-7, and PaO2/FiO2 ratio on day-7 in the successful extubation group were 0.79, 0.90, 0.82, and 0.79, respectively. The modified-LUS score on day 7 was significantly higher than that on day 1 in PMV group (p<0.05). While the LUS score did not exhibit significant differences. The serial modified-LUS score of patients with severe COVID-19 could predict PMV.
University students’ help seeking intention for depression from health professionals; a cross sectional study
Authors: Lemma Alemu , Minichil Woredaw , Salelew Endalamaw , Tadesa Jinenus , Kerebih Habtamu , Nigussie Kabtamu , Demilew Demeke , Shumet Shegaye
Published: July 2022

Objectives

To assess University students’ intention to seek help for depression from health professional and associated factors among University of Gondar students, Northwest, Ethiopia.

Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 487 students. Multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. Self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect the data. General help seeking questionnaire with major depressive disorder case vignette was used to assess students’ intention to seek help for depression. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to identify factors for intention to seek help for depression. Association was described by using adjusted unstandardized β coefficient along with 95% confidence interval. Finally, P-values < 0.05 in adjusted analysis were taken as a cut off for significant association.

Results

The mean score of intention to seek help from health professionals was 3.84 (±0.76)with a range of (1 “very unlikely” to 5 “very likely”). About 67.8% of the study participants would seek help from health professionals if they would have depressive symptoms which was depicted in the case vignette. In the multiple linear regression analyses, student age (unstandardized ß = 0.07, 95% CI: (0.05, 0.10)), good attitude towards seeking professional help (ß = 0.03, 95% CI: (0.02, 0.04)) were factors positively associated with intention to seek help.

Conclusion

The current study showed that more than three-fifth of the study participants reported they were likely or very likely to seek help for depression from health professionals. Increased age and favorable attitude were factors associated with intention to seek help for depression. Working on awareness creation and attitude change towards depression would be necessary to increase students’ intention to seek help for depression from health professional.
Bichos Vividos
Authors: Simões Carlota , Guimarães Ana Paula
Published: July 2022

O Ano Internacional da Biodiversidade proclamado pelas Nações Unidas foi celebrado em 2010. Já então a ONU afirmava que o mundo estava pouco familiarizado com o papel vital que a biodiversidade desempenha no bem-estar humano e na manutenção do planeta, acrescentando ainda que não estávamos a dar passos suficientes para preservar a biodiversidade ainda existente e garantir uma vida sustentável no planeta. O Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra organizou então um programa de atividades, BIODIVERSIDADE 2010, destinado a chamar o público para conhecer e discutir os problemas que já se colocavam ao futuro da biodiversidade. Foi neste âmbito que decorreu o projeto intitulado Os bichos no tempo dos nossos avós, numa parceria entre o Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra e o então Instituto de Estudos de Literatura Tradicional (IELT) da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa. O objetivo do projeto era recolher e divulgar o conhecimento popular e a literatura tradicional relacionados com animais, permitindo-nos perceber melhor de que forma os nossos antepassados lidaram com a diversidade biológica à sua volta. Era também uma forma de chegar até às pequenas comunidades do interior do país e alargar o esforço de mobilização pela preservação da biodiversidade. Ao longo desse ano foram várias as sessões organizadas em torno do tema Os bichos no tempo dos nossos avós, dando origem aos textos reunidos neste livro.
Assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine
Authors: Castello Annamaria , Fazio Esterina , Alfonzetti Tiziana , Giunta Renato Paolo , Salvaggio Antonio , Ferlazzo Alida Maria , Cravana Cristina , Bruschetta Giuseppe , Medica Pietro , Marino Anna Maria Fausta
Published: July 2022

Background and Aim: Toxoplasma gondii is a global zoonotic parasite infecting virtually all warm-blooded species, although a species-specific variability is evident referring to symptoms frame. Both the success of T. gondii and the outcome of infection depend on a delicate balance between host cellular pathways and the evasion or modulation strategies elicited by the parasite. The hormonal and molecular mechanisms involved in this delicate host-parasite balance are still unclear, especially when considering intermediate host species other than mouse. This study aimed to assess any correlation between T. gondii infection and selected molecular and hormonal factors involved in responses to infection in susceptible species such as swine. Moreover, blood counts and hematochemical assays (glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides dosage) were performed to evaluate the overall health condition of animals.

Materials and Methods: Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies determination and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for T. gondii DNA detection. Target genes coding for key factors of cell responses to T. gondii infection were selected, and their transcription was assessed in various tissues by quantitative RT-PCR. 17-β estradiol concentrations were assessed by fluorimetric enzyme-linked immunoassay and the AIA- 360 automated immunoassay analyzer. Blood count and hematochemical analyses were performed by a blood cell counter and a spectrophotometer, respectively.

Results: The present research highlighted significant differences among infected and uninfected swine (control group) for both transcription profiles of some of the molecular factors considered and 17-β estradiol concentrations. Referring to the assessed hematological and biochemical parameters, no statistically significant differences were observed in infected swine compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Our results contribute to the enrichment of data available about the subject and could be useful for a deeper knowledge of the interaction between this parasite and its hosts. However, more aspects are still unclear, such as the effective response of downstream molecules from the same pathways to the variation of factors observed in this study either assessing how the same factors respond to Toxoplasma gondii infection in other host speciesand further analyses should be performed on other host species.
On the solution manifold of a differential equation with a delay which has a zero
Authors: Walther Hans-Otto
Published: July 2022

For a differential equation with a state-dependent delay we show that the associated solution manifold

X
f

of codimension 1 in the space

C
1

(
[
−
r
,
0
]
,

R

)
is an almost graph over a hyperplane, which implies that

X
f

is diffeomorphic to the hyperplane. For the case considered previous results only provide a covering by 2 almost graphs.
PEROXIDE CELLULOSE FROM WHEAT STRAW
Authors: Pen Robert Zus'evich , Shapiro Ida Lʹvovna , Karetnikova Natalʹya Viktorovna
Published: July 2022

The stalks of wheat straw (triticum sh,), stored up in Еmеlyanovsk region of the Krasnoyarsk hand edge in the form of segment in 2–3 cm treated by the water solution of hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid with the catalytic amount of the sulfuric acid under hydromodule 6. The acetic acid is oxidated to peracetic acid, which, in turn, oxidizes lignin with forming of the dissolved products. The variable technological factors and ranges of their variation: initial concentration of the acetic acid (4–8-mol/l), hydrogen peroxide (3–5-mol/l); the sulfuric acid (0.25–0.65 mass.%); the temperature (80–90 °C) and cooking duration (240–330 min). The dependencies of the dissolved lignin part, output and whiteness of the cellulose from variable factor aproximated by the regression equations of the second order. The equations used for graphic presentation results and calculation of the optimum conditions of the process. On the leading indexes (output 49–63%, whiteness before 89%, explosive length before 8700 m, forcing through resistance before 240 кPа, tear resistance 420 mN) peroxide cellulose from wheat straw with the degree of the grind 30 °ShR does not concession by specified characteristic of the sulphate unbleached cellulose from hard wood. The possibility of the cellulose reception with high whiteness after cooking will allow in the row account to refuse from high-priced following bleaching.
THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF BLACKBERRIES GROWING IN THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN AND THEIR DEPENDENCE ON THE SPECIES AND REGION OF GROWTH
Authors: Maharramova Sevinj Ismail kyzy
Published: July 2022

The work shows the biological and nutritional value of Rubus, which grows in Azerbaijan. It was found that the highest content of sugars is the wild blackberry of the Rubus sanguineus Friv species (8.75±0.19%), while it contains little sucrose, glucose (from 3.10±0.12 to 4.87±0.16%) and fructose (from 3.08±0.28 to 3.40±0.09%) predominate. The content of the mass fraction of organic acids is greater in the species Rubus caucasicus forche (1.94±0.10%) than in the species Rubus caesius and Rubus sanguineus Friv (1.85±0.15 and 1.62±0.12%, respectively). The content of pectin substances in blackberries ranges from 0.26±0.01 to 0.30±0.04%, and the mass fraction of ash from 0.42±0.08 to 0.58±0.11%. In terms of vitamin C content, the species Rubus sanguineus Friv is superior (32.1±1.20 mg/100 g) to the species Rubus caesius and Rubus caucasicus forche (23.76±0.58 mg/100 g and 29.35±0.47 mg/100 g, respectively). In the polyphenol complex of blackberries of the species Rubus sanguineus Friv, Rubus caucasicus forche and Rubus caesius, catechins and anthocyanins are present with a clear predominance of the latter. The results of the studies show that the main indicators of the chemical composition of blackberries depend on the type of raw materials and on the soil-climatic and ecological-geographical conditions of the growing region. The biological and nutritional value of blackberries of various types allows us to consider them as an additional source of physiologically active substances and raw materials for the production of various soft drinks based on them, including tonic energy drinks.
DETOXIFYING ABILITY OF PEAT HUMIC ACIDS TO PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN THE SOIL ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Dmitrieva Yelena Dmitriyevna , Gertsen Maria Mikhailovna , Dremova Anastasia Andreevna
Published: July 2022

The stimulating effect of humic acids on the growth of the biomass of the test object was established. А series of positive effects on the biomass of seedlings was proposed. The correlation dependence of the effect of toxicants on the cockweed on its composition was revealed. It was shown that the light ends of oil has a minimal toxic effect on cockweed due to increased volatility, in contrast to petroleum. The detoxifying ability of peat humic acids was established separately and together with oil-degrading microorganisms of the genus Rhodococcus on the inert substrate by the method of biotesting. Humic acids had a stimulating effect on the test object regardless of their genesis. The maximum stimulating effect on the test object was exhibited by humic acids isolated from fen peats. The biomass of cockweed seedlings on contaminated soil in the presence of humic acids and microorganisms of the genus Rhodococcus in all variants of experiments with model toxicants was higher compared to the variant without treatment with humic acids. The detoxification coefficients of humic acids were calculated separately and together with oil-degrading microorganisms of the genus Rhodococcus in the relation to hexadecane: the humic acids of sphagnum high-moor peat and sphagnum transitional peat showed the maximum detoxifying effect: 70−75%. Combined use of humic acids and microorganisms Rh. erythropolis S67, Rh. erythropolis X5 increased the detoxifying effect of humic acids by 4−22%. The values of the detoxification coefficients vary in the range of 59−85%, depending on the genesis of humic acids and the selected strain of microorganisms. The values of the detoxification coefficients of humic acids together with moil-degrading microorganisms of the genus Rhodococcus exceed the indicators of control and experimental options using only humic acids due to the ability of Rhodococcus to produce biologically active surfactants capable of more emulsification and biodegradation of oil hydrocarbons in the environment.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OILS RUMEX CONFERTUS WILLD. AND RUMEX PAMIRICUS RECH. f. GROWING IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Shermatova Gulchehra Jumanazarovna , Bobakulov Khayrulla Mamadiyevich , Nishanbaev Sabir Zaripbaevich , Rakhmatov Khasan Akramovich
Published: July 2022

Rumex confertus Willd. – sorrel is important in pharmacology and the food industry. It is used in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, as anti-helminth, anti-cyngotic, hemostatic, wound healing, vasoconstrictive, antitumor, in stomatitis, colds, as well as leaves are eaten. Rumex pamiricus Rech. f., is promising for introduction into the culture as a tanning plant. The study of their chemical composition is relevant for determining promising compounds for pharmacology. The purpose of the present work was to study volatile compounds by chromato-mass spectral analysis of essential oil isolated from the above ground part of Rumex confertus и Rumex pamiricus growing in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The dependence of the composition of essential oil on the region of growth of ether carriers, as well as its pharmaceutical value, determined the relevance of this work. As a result of studies carried out in the essential oil of Rumex confertus obtained by hydrodistillation method, 45 components were found, among which 1,2,3-propanetriol, diacetate (1.67%), benzenetanol (3.77%), 5-undecene 1-tridecanol (4.48%), 2-methoxy-4-vinyl High phytol content in Rumex confertus essential oil. allows considering the given plant as a source of this valuable biologically active compound. Fifteen compounds have been identified in Rumex pamiricus essential oil. The dominant components are 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (8.24%), nerolidol 2 (8.22%), triacetin (46.69%), cis-jasmone (4.68%).
EVALUATION OF THE CONTENT OF VITAMINS IN MICROGREENS OF SEVERAL SPECIES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS
Authors: Shakleina Mariya Nikolayevna , Alalykin Aleksandr Alekseyevich , Solovyova Margarita Sergeyevna
Published: July 2022

In the course of the study, the assessment of the content of fat-and water-soluble vitamins in microgreens of five species of cultivated plants at different stages of its development was carried out. For analysis, microgreens were grown in plastic containers on a nonwoven viscose support. After the seed was laid, they were placed in a climatic chamber with a program that simulates the natural conditions of daily cycles. Collection of samples was started after massive cotyledonous leaf opening and repeated every other day until commercial maturity of the product was reached. Then they were frozen at a temperature of about -18 °C and kept in this state until the study. Before analysis, the plant material was thawed and, without drying, was ground to fragments with sizes of 1–3 mm. Aqueous and isopropanol extracts obtained from precise weighed portions of the studied plant material were analyzed. Determination of the content of fat- and water-soluble vitamins was carried out by the method of liquid tandem chromatomass spectrometry on a device with a system of three quadrupoles. In the course of the study, a fairly high content of some vitamins was found in the composition of microgreen samples. With the course of its development, the concentration of the determined components also changes: both accumulation and their consumption are observed, and in some cases – fluctuation. Further research will allow you to select the most optimal parameters for growing microgreens and develop recommendations for the timing of its use when the concentration of vitamins is maximum.
Ingesta nutricional en pacientes afectados de esclerosis lateral amiotrófica una consulta ambulatoria de nutrición artificial en Portugal
Authors: Carrera Juliá Sandra , Catarina-Moreira Ana , Adriana-Santos Carla , Fonseca Jorge , Drehmer Eraci
Published: July 2022

Introducción: La Esclerosis Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA) es una patología neurodegenerativa crónica y progresiva, que produce la muerte de las motoneuronas. Deriva en pérdida de peso, de masa muscular e incremento de deficiencias nutricionales. Existe relación entre la ingesta nutricional y la patogénesis de la ELA. El objetivo de este análisis fue describir las características sociodemográficas, antropométricas y clínicas junto con la ingesta nutricional en una muestra de pacientes portugueses afectados de ELA.
Material y Métodos: Se realizó una anamnesis clínica breve. El peso corporal fue evaluado siguiendo el protocolo de la International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) y la talla mediante el expediente clínico del paciente. Se realizó una anamnesis dietético-nutricional y un registro dietético. La ingesta nutricional se analizó con el software Nutrición y Salud® y se comparó con las Ingestas Dietéticas de Referencia (IDR). El índice de adecuación nutricional se consideró inferior a las recomendaciones cuando fue ≤ 80%.
Resultados: Fueron analizados 13 pacientes (7 hombres) con edades comprendidas entre los 53-83 años. El 69,20% presentó ELA bulbar. Un 54% presentó normopeso. Todos los pacientes presentaron disfagia y disartria y un 84,62% constipación. En comparación a las IDR, en ambos sexos, se identificó deficiencia nutricional de fibra, vitamina D, E, B8, B9, calcio, magnesio y yodo, acompañado de un exceso nutricional de proteínas, lípidos, ácidos grasos saturados y sodio.
Conclusiones:  El hallazgo de estas deficiencias nutricionales es relevante ya que los nutrientes involucrados influyen sobre los mecanismos patogénicos de la ELA, porque son antioxidantes, antiinflamatorios y contribuyen al normal funcionamiento de las motoneuronas. Los excesos nutricionales identificados se relacionan con estrés oxidativo, inflamación y mayor riesgo de ELA. Son necesarios más estudios en muestras de mayor tamaño para contribuir a la comprensión de la relación entre las carencias y excesos nutricionales y el riesgo de desarrollo y/o progresión de la enfermedad.
“¿Cuánto le dura la vida?”: análisis cualitativo de los conocimientos, percepciones y usos de los alimentos fermentados entre personas jóvenes adultas residentes en la ciudad de Barcelona
Authors: De Moraes Prata Gaspar Maria Clara , Ruiz Marta , Puiggròs Clàudia
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Las percepciones de los alimentos varían histórica y socioculturalmente. Los alimentos fermentados han formado parte de las dietas desde la Antigüedad y, en España, hay una amplia diversidad de alimentos fermentados. Si en la literatura científica abundan los conocimientos sobre estos alimentos desde el punto de vista histórico, tecnológico y nutricional, existe una escasez de estudios sobre las percepciones y usos de los productos fermentados. Desde la perspectiva de la antropología de la alimentación, este estudio buscó identificar los conocimientos, percepciones y usos que se tienen y practican con alimentos fermentados.
Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo transversal y exploratorio a partir de tres grupos de discusión con personas jóvenes adultas de la ciudad de Barcelona, dinamizados a través de un guion con 24 preguntas. Se transcribieron los discursos y se realizó un análisis temático.
Resultados: La categoría “alimento fermentado” es polisémica. En general, el proceso de fermentación era desconocido o explicado con cierta dificultad. Los individuos percibían los productos fermentados y sus procesos de elaboración desde múltiples dimensiones expresadas a partir de valores dicotómicos que se entrecruzan: agradables y desagradables al gusto, tradicionales y novedosos, conveniente e inconveniente para la salud, industrial y artesanal/casero, confianza/seguridad y desconfianza/riesgo. Se observó una baja presencia de estos alimentos en las dietas declaradas.
Conclusiones: Se usaron diferentes racionalidades para definir los productos fermentados: según el proceso de fermentación, las prácticas culinarias, el alimento y su composición y según los usos, las maneras en la mesa y el lugar que ocupa en cada cultura alimentaria. Aunque la relación entre estos alimentos y sus efectos en la salud ocuparon un lugar destacado en los discursos, los criterios de consumo variaban según cada alimento fermentado e informante y, en general, el consumo no se debía a su condición de fermentado.
Facilidades y barreras para la dieta sin gluten de personas con enfermedad celiaca del Paraguay
Authors: Real-Delor Raúl , Chamorro-Aguilera María Elena
Published: July 2022

Introducción: el tratamiento de la enfermedad celiaca es la dieta sin gluten, la cual requiere para ser realizada de conocimientos, destrezas y actitudes de los afectados, además de un entorno social propicio. El objetivo fue determinar las circunstancias que facilitan y dificultan la dieta sin gluten en los sujetos con enfermedad celiaca del Paraguay en 2021.
Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio exploratorio descriptivo. Se aplicó una encuesta telemática a los adultos, adolescentes y padres de niños con enfermedad celiaca que aceptaban participar voluntariamente. Se midieron variables demográficas, clínicas y 17 aspectos que se presumen son factores facilitadores o barreras para la dieta sin gluten. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Privada del Este, Paraguay.
Resultados: se incluyeron 364 encuestas, siendo 85% de adultos. Las circunstancias identificadas como facilitadores fueron los conocimientos propios y los impartidos por el personal de salud sobre la celiaquía, además del poco miedo a la opinión de los demás y los escasos sentimientos de vergüenza por la restricción dietética. En contraste, los factores considerados como barreras fueron el escaso conocimiento de la sociedad sobre las exigencias alimentarias, la poca participación de los encuestados en los grupos de autoayuda y el costo elevado de los alimentos sin gluten. 
Conclusión: se describen las circunstancias que pueden facilitar y obstaculizar la dieta sin gluten en los portadores de enfermedad celiaca del Paraguay. Se sugieren estudios analíticos para evaluar la influencia exacta de los mismos y aplicar medidas correctivas para disminuir las barreras para la adherencia esta dieta.
Calidad de sueño y porcentaje de grasa corporal en estudiantes de nutrición: Un estudio transversal
Authors: Suaza-Fernandez Jessica , De la Cruz-Sanchez Denisse , Aguirre-Ipenza Rubén
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Una mala calidad de sueño puede asociarse a un elevado porcentaje de grasa corporal, debido a las alteraciones en el metabolismo de las hormonas que regulan el apetito y el hambre. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación entre porcentaje de grasa corporal (%GC) y la calidad de sueño en estudiantes universitarios peruanos de nutrición.
Métodos: El diseño responde a un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado sobre una muestra de 155 estudiantes universitarios de la Escuela de Nutrición Humana con edades comprendidas entre los 16 y 30 años. El % de GC se estimó mediante bioempedancia y la calidadde sueño a través del cuestionario de Pittsburg, encuesta realizada en papel. El análisis de los datos se hizo mediante el software estadístico Stata versión 16.
Resultados: El 65,2% de la muestra estuvo conformada por el sexo femenino. El 58,7% de estudiantes presentaron una mala calidad de sueño, mientras que un 47,1% evidenció un %GC inadecuado. La proporción de mujeres que demostraron un %GC inadecuado, fue superior en relación con los varones (57,4 vs.27,8;p=<0.001), respectivamente. Finalmente, no se encontró asociación entre el %GC y la calidad de sueño (RP=1,14, IC 95%: 0,81-1,60; p=0,466).
Conclusión: Los hallazgos del presente estudio muestran que los estudiantes universitarios de nutrición presentaron una alta frecuencia de mala calidad de sueño y un %GC inadecuado. Sin embargo, no se encontró asociación significativa entre el %GC y la calidad de sueño.
Análisis factorial confirmatorio del Cuestionario Breve de Conductas Alimentarias de Riesgo en universitarios mexicanos
Authors: Padrós Blázqueza Ferran , Pintor Sánchez Blanca Edith , Martínez Medina María Patricia , NAVARRO CONTRERAS GABRIELA
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Las principales conductas de riesgo para el desarrollo de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) han proliferado y su frecuencia es preocupante en adolescentes. Resulta de gran interés contar con instrumentos psicométrica y culturalmente válidos para detectar de forma temprana los TCA. Por ello, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue estudiar la validez de constructo y confiabilidad del Cuestionario Breve de Conductas Alimentarias de Riesgo (CBCAR) en población michoacana.
Metodología: Se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) y un análisis de consistencia interna de la CBCAR aplicada a 1185 universitarios.
Resultados:  Se analizó el ajuste del modelo de tres factores a través del AFC, en la muestra total y las submuestras por sexo, se observó un ajuste aceptable, aunque algo peor en la muestra de hombres. El alfa de Cronbach para la escala total fue de .76 y los valores para las subescalas derivadas también fueron aceptables.
Conclusiones: Se concluye que el instrumento es adecuado para población universitaria michoacana y hasta un 30.8% de la muestra obtuvo puntuaciones que sugieren riesgo de TCA.
Validación de un cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria para estimar la ingesta de azúcares libres y alimentos ultraprocesados en población argentina
Authors: Olmedo Luciana , Henning María Florencia , García Silvia Mónica , Pellon Maison Magalí
Published: July 2022

Introducción:  Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles son muy prevalentes en Argentina y el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y azúcares libres se asocia a su desarrollo. El objetivo de este estudio fue diseñar y validar un cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria capaz de estimar su ingesta.
Materiales y Métodos: Se elaboró un cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria denominado CFA-UP de 211 ítems, de los cuales 122 fueron alimentos ultraprocesados. Asimismo, se construyó una tabla de composición química, recopilando información a partir de los rótulos nutricionales de los alimentos envasados. La validación relativa del cuestionario se realizó mediante un estudio transversal analítico en adultos sanos, comparando la ingesta de energía y nutrientes obtenida en el CFA-UP con la de un registro alimentario autoadministrado. La asociación y concordancia entre métodos se evaluó a nivel individual y grupal. La reproducibilidad se analizó comparando la ingesta al inicio del estudio y al cabo de tres meses.
Resultados: El coeficiente de correlación de Pearson fue bueno para la ingesta de energía total y de nutrientes y aceptable para colesterol. La clasificación cruzada en terciles de ingesta fue precisa y el coeficiente kappa ponderado fue bueno para energía total y aceptable para los nutrientes. Las diferencias porcentuales de ingesta fueron mayores al 20% para carbohidratos, ácidos grasos poliinsaturados y fibra. La ingesta de azúcares totales fue de 16,4 (DE:6,6) % de la ingesta de energía total, la de azúcares libres del 9,3 (DE:5,4) % y la de alimentos ultraprocesados del 35,3 (DE:12,4) %.
Conclusiones: CFA-UP constituye una herramienta adecuada para la clasificación de individuos de acuerdo a la ingesta de energía, nutrientes y alimentos, incluyendo a los azúcares totales, azúcares libres y alimentos ultraprocesados.
isk of malnutrition and oral nutritional support in a cohort of hospital inpatients
Authors: Martínez-Matsumoto Pilar , Castillo-Martínez Lilia , Medina-Vera Isabel , Tello-Santillán Jessica , Reyes-Ramírez Ana Luz , Serralde-Zúñiga Aurora Elizabeth
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The disease-related malnutrition is considered a serious problem since it is strongly related to higher mortality rates, longer hospital stays, and increased costs for medical care.  A highly associated risk factor has been the decreased oral intake during the hospital stay; however, the use of oral nutritional supplements allows to heal the malnutrition burden having positive results.
Objective: To evaluate the hospital malnutrition risk and the oral nutritional supplements effect for 4 days in anthropometric variables, energy, and protein intake in hospital inpatients.
Materials and methods: A cohort study, in a third-level hospital in which within the first 24 hours of the admission, the malnutrition risk was assessed (NRS-2002), the prescribed oral nutritional supplements, its follow-up during a 4-day consumption and its impact on weight, body mass index and muscle strength estimated by dynamometry were analyzed; additionally, the nutritional intake (energy and proteins) was assessed.
Results: A total of 290 patients (167W/123M) were assessed, with an average age of 54.7±17.3 years. The malnutrition risk prevalence at hospital admission was 50.3% and from the total patients, 10.3% (n=30) received oral nutritional supplements. After the consumption of oral nutritional supplements, an increased energy consumption was shown in those with a >50% adherence during the 4 days; we found an increased energy adequacy percentage of 73.6 ± 33 to 101 ± 32 (p=0.003) and protein adequacy 75.8 ± 45 to 108 ± 58 (p=0.016), with appropriate tolerance. No differences were documented in anthropometric and arm strength variables.
Conclusions: The use of oral nutritional supplements during the hospital stay increases considerably the energy and protein consumption in patients with a >50% adherence with appropriate tolerance.
Changes in the food preferences and purchase behaviors in the new normal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sevim Yonca , Yalçın Tuba
Published: July 2022

Introduction: During the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic, food preferences and consumption behaviors of consumers began to change. This study aims to examine changes in food preferences and purchasing habits in the new normal of COVID-19 after lockdown.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the anonymous online survey hosted by the forms.app was shared via social media from July to August 2021, targeting Turkish residents 18-65 years old. The questionnaire was developed based on related literature by authors. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS© Statistics for Windows, version 20.0.
Results: A total of 1033 women (90.4%) and 110 men (9.6%) participated in this study, between the ages of 26-37. During the new normal period of the pandemic, 40.3% of the participants have increased online food shopping, and 44.1% of the participants decreased food shopping via the markets, greengrocers, or local markets. While sex, age, income, marital status, and chronic disease did not differ significantly in the change in online shopping (p>0.05), education level and labor status were significantly different (p<0.05).
55.6% of the participants reported that the COVID-19 pandemic affected their food choice. Purchasing of foods perceived as healthy according to participants was a lot and quite a lot as %38.7 affected by the COVID 19 pandemic. A high percentage of the participants increased their consumption of healthy foods such as foods containing vitamin C, fruits, vegetables, nuts, protein-rich foods, probiotic foods, and water consumption increased.
Conclusions: The food purchasing behavior and the consumption of foods consumed have been changed in the new normal period of COVID-19.
The addition of Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis) protein concentrate enhances the nutritive value and the antioxidant activity of yoghurt
Authors: Curti Carolina , E Carvalho Fino Luciana , Olivares La Madrid Ana Paula , Badan Ribeiro Ana Paula , Da Cunha Diogo Timotheo , Vinderola Gabriel , Adriane Elisabete Costa Antunes , Adriana Noemí Ramón
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Andean lupin seeds are under-exploited sources of nutrients and bioactive compounds.
Materials and methods: seeds were debittered to remove toxic alkaloids, partially defatted with 70% ethanol, dried at 60°C and milled. The defatted flour was suspended in water adjusted at pH 7 with 1N NaOH. The protein extract was filtered and spray-dried. Enriched yoghurts were obtained with the addition of lupin protein concentrate at 0.5, 1 and 1.5%. The chemical and fatty acid composition, the contents of polyphenols and flavonoids as well as the antioxidant activity were determined. The microbial quality and physicochemical properties (pH values, lactic acid content and percentage of syneresis) were evaluated in yoghurts during 28 days of storage.
Results: Andean lupin concentrate showed high protein and carbohydrate contents (69% and 20%), unsaturated fatty acids (77%) mainly oleic, linoleic and α-linolenic acids as well as low atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes (0.07 and 0.44). The addition of the lupin protein concentrate at 1.5% into yoghurts increased the protein content. Enriched yoghurts showed higher unsaturated fatty acids, total polyphenol and flavonoid contents as well as lower atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes compared to the control. The lupin protein concentrate increased the ABTS radical scavenging activity, the ferric reducing power and the total antioxidant activity in yoghurts. Enriched and control yoghurts showed similar lactic acid bacterial counts. The counts for total and thermotolerant coliforms were under three MPN/mL and yeast and molds under 10 CFU/ mL. The pH values in enriched products were higher at days 1 and 7 of storage (4.82 and 4.95) compared to the control sample (4.72 and 4.85). The lactic acid content increased in all formulations at day 21. Enriched yoghurts showed lower syneresis than the control.
Conclusions: Yoghurts enriched with lupin protein concentrate could represent nutritive and functional alternatives to prevent chronic diseases when consuming in a healthy diet.
Development and consumer acceptance of gluten-free pasta enriched with Pyropia columbina. Physical, textural and nutritional properties.
Authors: Milde Laura , Monzón Mariana Esther , Olivera Jorge Emiliano , Garrido Betiana Romina , Fajardo María Angélica
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Gluten-free pasta is low in protein, which also involve a loss of cooking and texture quality. The objective was to increase the nutritional value of a gluten-free pasta through the incorporation of different amounts of Pyropia columbina seaweed powder and to analyze their effects on physicochemical and sensory quality

Material and Methods: Pasta were made from cassava starch and corn flour (80:20), milk, egg, salt and xanthan gum, with the addition of Pyropia columbina seaweed powder (6.0 and 9.0%). Cooking quality (optimal cooking time, water absorption and cooking loss) and textural quality (firmness, springiness, chewiness and shear force) were analyzed; also, chemical composition, in vitro protein digestibility and general acceptance of the chosen formulation. Data obtained of the parameters were evaluated through ANOVA and Fisher's test (P<0.05).

Results: Results showed that pasta enriched with 6.0% seaweed developed lower cooking loss regarding to control, better textural quality and sensory characteristics. This chosen formulation showed a significant increase in protein, ash, total dietary fiber and a decrease in fat content; which involved a decrease in available carbohydrates and caloric value. In addition, an increase in the mean protein digestibility value was obtained; as well as better flavor and global acceptance regarding to a commercial pasta with similar characteristics.

Conclusions: Aggregate of 6.0% Pyropia columbina seaweed powder in the gluten-free pasta formulation increased protein, total dietary fiber and ash contents; in contrast, was significantly reduced fat content. Sensory evaluation results with consumers shown better flavor and acceptance regarding to a commercial pasta with similar characteristics.
Evaluation of the Traditional Practices of Breastfeeding, Complementary Feeding and Increasing Breast Milk in Mothers with 0-24 Month-Old Infants
Authors: Kaner Gulsah , Calik Gamze , Yurtdas Gamze , Halicioglu Baltali Oya
Published: July 2022

Introduction: To evaluate the traditional practices of breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and increasing breast milk in mothers with 0-24 month-old infants.
Material and methods: The study sample includes 215 mothers with 0-24 month-old infants. The mothers’ socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and behaviors regarding breast milk, complementary feeding, and traditional practices for increasing breast milk were questioned.
Results: 60.0% of the infants were exclusively breastfed in the first six months. There was a significant difference between the mothers’ educational levels and the frequency of breastfeeding (p<0.001). A significant difference was observed between the educational level of the mothers and the first complementary food given to the infants (p=0.046). The rate of mothers who breastfed less frequently after introducing to complementary feeding was significantly lower in the group with a low level of education compared to the group with a high level of education (p=0.040). The rate of receiving training from a healthcare professional specialized in breastfeeding before and after birth was significantly higher in the group with a high level of education (41.1% and 52.8%, respectively) than the group with a low level of education (17.3% and 15.4%) (p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively). The rate of those who knew that breast milk alone was sufficient for feeding the infant in the first six months was significantly higher in the group with a high level of education (96.3%) than the group with a low level of education (86.5%) (p=0.017). Percentage of mothers with a high educational level who consume herbal tea (17.8%) is higher than those with low educational level (4.0%). There is a statistically significant difference between the educational status of mothers and traditional practices to increase breast milk (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Mothers had imperfect knowledge regarding breastfeeding and complementary feeding. They should be educated by healthcare professionals to eliminate deficiencies and correct their current practices.
Technical aspects of a totally endoscopic, robotic-assisted pericardial cyst resection
Authors: Poffo Robinson
Published: July 2022

A pericardial cyst is a rare mediastinal mass, often diagnosed as an incidental finding. Symptomatic patients or those with suspicion of malignancy may warrant surgical resection. In this video tutorial, we demonstrate the technical aspects of a totally endoscopic robotic-assisted pericardial cyst resection. This approach allows for definitive treatment through a safe procedure, with a small surgical wound, short in-hospital stay, a fast recovery, and almost no postoperative limitations.