bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pediatrician’s knowledge and practical approach towards malocclusion in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Kayalvizhi P , Premkumar K S , Sumalatha S , Narendran N
Published: January 2022

: Paediatricians are the first health professional who are more likely to encounter the children’s problems during developing years. Their knowledge and skill to identify the intraoral health issues is of prime importance for making appropriate decisions about referral for early effective intervention, most likely with the maxillomandibular relationship. The aim of the study to evaluate the knowledge and practical approach of the paediatricians towards identification of malocclusion and its effects on oral health issues.

A cross sectional questionnaire based study (30 questions) was conducted among 240 randomly selected pediatricians in South district of Tamil Nadu, India, about the knowledge in oral health and malocclusion. This study was carried out for three months time period and response to questionnaires were tabulated in Microsoft Excel software and sent for statistical analysis.

This study results indicate that the knowledge about malocclusion and orthodontic treatment among the study population was low. Among the total participants 92% of the pediatricians agreed that their role in identification and prevention of malocclusion is inevitable, but the implementation of the same in their daily practice was comparatively less (16%). This was due to their opinion that identification of malocclusion is more difficult and time-consuming process in their routine daily practice (88%).

Pediatrician’s have to be emphasized on the importance of normal relationship of dental structures in children and their knowledge regarding malocclusion should be enlightened to decrease the severity of the same in children during their later period of the life.
An Experiment on the Mechanical Properties of Metal Rubber Processed by Improved Processing Techniques and the Construction of Its Constitutive Relation
Authors: Dong Yidian , Zhao Yagebai , Wang Yunzi , Li Suchao
Published: January 2022

To figure out the performance of dampers made of metal rubber (MR) that are installed in bridge and frame shear wall structures to change the energy consumption mode of artifacts, experiments were performed on the MR material processed by improved processing techniques to test its compression and shear hysteresis properties in high-temperature environment, and discover the laws of the impact of factors such as the improved processing techniques and temperature on the compression and shear hysteresis of the material. At the same time, based on test curves and the strain hardening laws of the material, this paper employed the least square method to perform piecewise linear fitting on MR curves, and the corresponding strain hardening constitutive model was established and verified. The study suggests that, after processed by the improved processing techniques, the compression and shear hysteresis energy consumption performance of the MR test pieces is very stable, and the shear strength had been improved. As the temperature increases, the metal rubber consumes more vibrational energy, and the stiffness of MR vibration isolator increases as well; at a same temperature, as the strain amplitude and relative density increase, the vibrational energy consumed by the MR damping material increases accordingly. The simplified constitutive model constructed in the paper has a simple form, it can not only describe the strain hardening features of the material, but also conform to the test curves, therefore, it can facilitate the parameter design and the calculation of MR dampers. The research conclusions obtained in this paper can provide theoretical and experimental evidence for the processing, preparation, and application of MR dampers, and it is of very important theoretical significance and practical value.
Modeling for Simple Batch Distillation of Vanadium Oxychloride-Titanium Tetrachloride (VOCl3-TiCl4) Mixture
Authors: Hai Tran Duy , Khoa Tran Anh , Le Minh-Vien , Phong Mai Thanh , Tuan Phan Dinh
Published: January 2022

VOCl3 and TiCl4 exhibit a similarity of various thermal properties, causing difficulty for these components separation through distillation technique. Dynamic behavior of distillation process of VOCl3-TiCl4 mixture was modeled based on the mass and energy balances, revealing in a model form of the ordinary differential equations. Influences of heating power, airflow, initial concentration, and operating pressure were considered. Simulation results show an ineffective distillation of the mixture under natural pressure. However, the reduction of the operating pressure advanced the pure TiCl4 recovery performance. Compared to experimental data, the relative error of the simulation findings is less than 5%, indicating the potential of the application of the proposed model for describing the distillation of the VOCl3-TiCl4 mixture.
Experimental Investigation of Melting Process of Encapsulation Phase Change Material in Spiral Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Authors: Alaei P. , Ghasemi B. , Raisi A. , Torabi A.
Published: January 2022

Phase change materials are potentially able to store significant amounts of heat energy at almost constant temperatures, especially during the melting and freezing process. These materials enable us to design the individual thermal energy storage systems (TESS). However, several methods have been proposed to solve low thermal conductivity of PCMs, one of which is encapsulating the material in a heat-conducting membrane. In this research, non-welded steel capsules with unique sealing have been manipulated. A Hermetic-Sealed Chamber is fabricated to investigate the heat transfer from a hot fluid to PCMs. The hot fluid is circulated through the spiral coil and Encapsulated PCMs are embedded in shell side. In two different test, static water and trapped air as intermediate fluids are used between the interior system's wall and the cylindrical capsules. The results show that during the heat storage period, combined heat transfer mechanism and mostly through radiation has played a pivotal role when using trapped air. On the other hand, in different flow regimes, a comparison between the total heat transfer coefficients of different tests show that in trapped air condition (Test 2), values of coefficients are almost 1 to 3 times greater than when the water is used (Test 1). Therefore, by considering case of trapped air and integrating this study with solar technologies as a heat source of hot fluid is an excellent way for building energy at any geographical locations.
Experimental Study of Heat Transfer in a Reduced Model of Bioclimatic Air-Soil Exchanger
Authors: Roger Sissoko Adol Wilfred , Merlin Ayissi Zacharie , Philippe Onguene Mvogo , Ruben Mouangue
Published: January 2022

At depths ranging from 2 to 3 m, the soil maintains a stable temperature between 5 and 15℃ depending on the season and the region. In order to exploit this thermal characteristic, certain geothermal processes called climatic sinks consist in exploiting that energy to naturally cool or heat buildings. That system, which constitutes the Earth–Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE), can reduce the temperature of buildings by 5 to 8℃ for derisory electricity consumption and without any greenhouse gas emissions. The present paper aims to study the sensitivity of convective heat transfer in such exchanger. To achieve that goal, experiments have been carried out on an EAHE’s scale model using sand as soil’s sample. By varying at different values the velocity of the air and the temperature of the soil sample, a campaign of measurements has been performed. Analysis of data allowed discussing on the influence of the air’s velocity on the output temperature and on the heat transmission coefficient in the exchanger. Results revealed that the average difference in temperature of the air at the inlet and outlet as well as the heat transmission coefficient, increased respectively by 0.653℃ and 1.369 W.m-2.K-1 per unit of the speed of air in the pipe.
Experimental Investigation on Mist Flow and Heat Transfer in a Uniformly Heated Vertical Cylinder
Authors: Abed Akram H. , Khlief Ayad K. , Jabal Mohammed Hassan
Published: January 2022

The steady, internal, and ultrasonic-generated water mist cooling in a uniformly heated vertical cylinder with evaporating subcooled water film has been investigated experimentally. The goal is to elucidate the effects of different operating parameters, viz. water mist concentration, carrier gas velocity, loaded heat flux, and flow orientation on the heat transfer rate and pressure drop characteristics. The experiments were performed in a turbulent flow regime over a range of Reynolds number (from 6000 to 18000) using air as the carrier fluid. Compared with the cylinder without water mist, the results showed that using water mist as a coolant increases the Nusselt numbers along the cylinder, high Nusselt numbers are obtained by suspending the high-water mist and it was about 224% for heat flux q=1.56 kW/m2. The results also showed that the local Nusselt number rapidly decreases as the heat flux increases, this decreasing in the Nusselt number was the most at high heat flux q=4.81 kW/m2, in which the water film early breakdown and the breakdown point gets closer to the entrance region. In addition, a new empirical correlation of the heat transfer rate was proposed to estimate the real benefits in using water mist of the enhanced cylinder.
Thermodynamic Analysis and Calculation of the Drying and Heating System of Automatic Stirring Equipment
Authors: Qu Zhenhua
Published: January 2022

The drying and heating system (DHS) is the core component of automatic stirring equipment, so analyzing its thermodynamics is crucial for improving the efficiency of the equipment. However, existing empirical thermodynamic formulas generally take certain working conditions as prerequisites, and substituting relevant parameters of DHS into calculation can cause large errors. In view of this problem, this paper attempts to perform thermodynamic analysis and calculation on the DHS of automatic stirring equipment. At first, the material ratio of the automatic stirring equipment was analyzed in the text, and the drying and heating process of mixture was divided into three stages: mixture preheating, mixture drying, and heating mixture to the working temperature. Then, the heat consumption of DHS, the heat consumption of fuel combustion, the consumption rate of the fuel, and the heat efficiency of DHS were measured and calculated. At last, the thermodynamic analysis results of DHS of automatic stirring equipment were given, and the measurement and calculation methods adopted in the paper were proved to be effective.
Design and Optimization of an Immersion Liquid Cooling System in Internet Datacenter
Authors: Song Yufei , Liu Zhiguo , Li Shiwu , Jin Qingyong
Published: January 2022

With the development of high-performance chips, the heat flux of Internet datacenter (IDC) is on the rise, and heat dissipation becomes a major bottleneck of IDC development. The cooling needs of the IDC room can hardly be met by the traditional method of air cooling. In recent years, immersion liquid cooling has attracted a growing attention, due to its excellent performance. This paper designs and optimizes an immersion liquid cooling system for IDC. Multiple numerical simulations were carried out to analyze the influence of the system parameters on heat dissipation, and improve the system efficiency using a dielectric coolant. Specifically, 20 graphics processing units (GPUs) and 2 central processing units (CPUs) were set up in each machine of the liquid cooling server. Then, the GPU and CPU temperature was examined under different opening positions on the server top plate, inlet coolant temperatures, and coolant flow speeds. The results show that a 30mm-wide, 430mm-long opening should be set at the upper part of the GPU array, 20mm away from the top plate. The cooling effect can be optimized at the inlet temperature of 30℃, and the coolant flow speed of 3m3/h.
Historia rozwoju badań z wykorzystaniem rośliny modelowej Arabidopsis z perspektywy genu WUSCHEL
Authors: Dolzblasz Alicja , Brzostowska Anna Maria
Published: January 2022

Rośliny mają zdolność do nieograniczonego wzrostu i organogenezy. Nieprzerwany rozwój nadziemnych części roślin jest zależny od prawidłowego funkcjonowania merystemu apikalnego pędu (z ang. shoot apical meristem, SAM), w którym utrzymywana jest pula niezróżnicowanych komórek inicjalnych. Główną funkcją SAM jest namnażanie komórek i samoodtwarzanie się. Dotychczas zidentyfikowano wiele genów zaangażowanych w regulację SAM, a jako kluczowe wymienia się m.in. SHOOTMERISTEMLESS, CLAVATA i WUSCHEL. Prowadzone przez dekady badania eksperymentalne pozwoliły szczegółowo określić rolę genu WUSCHEL w utrzymaniu tożsamości komórek inicjalnych (z ang. stem cells). Niebagatelną rolę w historii tych badań odegrał wybór Arabidopsis thaliana jako rośliny modelowej. Jak odkryto, a następnie udowodniono i doprecyzowano mechanizm działania genu WUSCHEL? Na te pytania postaramy się odpowiedzieć w tej pracy, podkreślając jednocześnie, w jaki sposób wybór modelu do badań umożliwił scharakteryzowanie funkcji genu WUSCHEL.
Results of Ecological Remote Monitoring of Disturbed Lands on Polymetal Ore Deposits in the Orenburg Region
Authors: Zenkov I.V. , Le Hung Trinh , Vovkin V.N. , Kirushina E.V. , Latyntsev A.A. , Kondrashov P.M. , Pavlova P.L. , Konov V.N. , Lunev A.S. , Skornyakova S.N. , Maglinets Yu.A. , Raevich K.V.
Published: January 2022

Study results of disturbed lands ecological state due to the opencast mining of shaft developements in polymetals in the Orenburg region have been introduced. According to OMS data, self-restoring rates of vegetation and aquatic ecosystems of quarries and rock-disposal dumps due to the opencast mining of the concerned shaft developments have been brought to light. The necessity in rehabilitation of sulfide-containing rock-disposal dumps has been substantiated.
Technology Development for Mining-engineering Recultivation During Opencast Mining at Polymetallic Ore Deposits
Authors: Zenkov I.V. , Le Hung Trinh , Vovkin V.N. , Kirushina E.V. , Latyntsev A.A. , Kondrashov P.M. , Pavlova P.L. , Konov V.N. , Lunev A.S. , Skornyakova S.N. , Maglinets Yu.A. , Raevich K.V.
Published: January 2022

Study results of quarries and rock-disposal dumps sizes at deposits of non-ferrous metal ores and abandoned deposits have been presented. Operating procedures and mining and conveyor equipment configurations for the mining-engineering recultivation of rock-disposal dumps has been determined. During ecological and mathematical modeling of the applied and author's technology of mining-engineering recultivation, the author's technical rehabilitation approach has been substantiated to significantly reduce the toxic substances emission. It has been proposed to include green sources of electric power supply in mining enterprises energy systems.
Spatial Modeling of Phosphogypsum Dusting of Disposal Site Using the Example of the Balakovo Branch of "Apatit" JSC
Authors: Prudnikova E.Yu. , Grubina P.G. , Savin I.Yu. , Rogova O.B. , Gorlov A.A. , Chinilin A.V.
Published: January 2022

The simulation of dusting of phosphogypsum dump of Balakovsky branch of JSC "Apatit" of "PhosAgro" Group of Companies was conducted. On the basis of the analysis of the meteorological data for the period 2006–2019, the information on a projective covering by vegetation for the period 2006–2019, a relief and a soil map modeling of relative concentration for the particles the size less than 0,01 mm; 0,01–0,03 mm; 0,03–0,05 mm; 0,05–0,1 mm; 0,1–1 mm and 1–8 mm was done. It was found as a result of the joint analysis of the constructed maps and field data, that the map of the weighted sum of relative concentrations of the analyzed particles well enough reflects spatial variability of the maintenance in soil La and Ce, prevailing components among the analyzed rare-earth elements (correlation coefficient 0.74 and 0.68 accordingly). The modeling results can be used to assess the impact of phosphogypsum dumps on the adjacent territory and its soil cover.
Occurrence of Motor Seizure in A Patient With Cri-Du-Chat Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Farahmand Ghasem , Zolfaghari Vahid , Sina Farzad , Tafakhori Abbas
Published: January 2022

This case report discusses A 6-year-old boy, a known case of Cri-du-chat (cat's cry) syndrome, who was referred to the epilepsy clinic of Imam Khomeini hospital for further evaluation and performing video EEG monitoring. Video EEG monitoring showed two stereotypical ictal clinical habitual events during sleep. These episodes were sudden and showed hyper motor movements in the left lower extremity. Electrographically, a definite ictal pattern evolved to rhythmic slow activity in the left centroparietal region. Brain MRI with epilepsy protocol was unremarkable. Due to the sudden onset of movements depicting hyper motor activity during sleep and abnormal EEG and the fact that the patient is a known case of the cri-du-chat syndrome, this is reported as having a motor seizure is extremely rare in cat cry syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first report of motor seizure in cat cry syndrome.
Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus: A Case Report
Authors: Esfandbod Mohsen , Ensani Freshteh , Shateri Amiri Bahareh
Published: January 2022

Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus (PMME) is an aggressive tumor with a median survival of about 13 months. Surgical extirpation is the only treatment for PMME. The most common clinical presentation is the onset of progressive dysphagia. Endoscopy presents a polypoid lesion occasionally in the middle and lower third of the esophagus. Definitive diagnoses are based on pathology and immunohistochemical examination with positive results for S-100, Human Melanoma Black (HMB)-45, and Melanoma-specific Antigen (Melan-A) proteins. We presented a 46-year-old man complaining of dysphagia and melena from the past two months. Gasteroesophagoscopy demonstrated a large polypoid in the lower third of the esophagus extending to the cardia. Histopathology of the biopsy specimen from the esophagus revealed positive staining for S-100, Human Melanoma Black (HMB)-45, and Melanoma-specific Antigen (Melan A) proteins that were all compatible with malignant melanoma of the esophagus. The patient underwent surgery followed by radiotherapy and Immunotherapy. The postoperative period was uneventful. No metastasis and recurrence was observed after more than 6 months of initial treatment. PMME is a rare but highly aggressive tumor. The diagnosis of PMME should be made by clinical symptoms, auxiliary examination, pathological examination, and immunohistochemistry markers. The problem of exact diagnosis at the early stages of the disease and effective treatment is still a challenge.
Respiratory System Involvement in Patients with IgA Deficiency
Authors: Ahmadiafshar Akefeh , Kamali Koorosh , Tavakol Marzieh
Published: January 2022

Background: Selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD), is known as the most common antibody deficiency. This study, investigated the respiratory disorders among these patients.
Method: In this retrospective descriptive study, the data of patients with SIgAD in “Iranian Primary Immunodeficiency Registry” were extracted. Then, demographic characteristics, frequency and type of respiratory disorders, in addition to immunologic findings were gathered and analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: One hundred and twenty three patients with SIgAD (78 males/45 females), with the mean age of 18± 9.6 years old were investigated. Respiratory complications (recurrent cold, chronic cough and pneumonia), were the first presentation in 45% of the patients, and respiratory system involvement was detected among 66 patients (54.1%). The prevalence of pneumonia, otitis media and sinusitis, were 33.3%, 12.5% and 20.7%; respectively; which were significantly reduced after the diagnosis (PV<0.05). Bronchiectasis had also been found in five patients (4.1%).
Conclusion: Respiratory problems were shown to be common presenting disorders in SIgAD. Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy could be crucial for better protection, and avoidance of severe respiratory complications in these patients.
Comparison of Clinical Manifestations, Immunological Analyses Between LRBA and CVID Patients: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Tafaroji Javad , Mahdavi Sharif Pouya , Karimi Saeed , Sharifi Ali Reza
Published: January 2022

Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), is generally recognized as the most frequent type of Symptomatic primary immunodeficiencies (PID). Mutations in lipopolysaccharideresponsive beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) gene, are the most common genetic alterations amongst CVID patients. To date, there are no published studies to compare clinical and immunologic features of LRBA-deficient patients with those who do not harbor any known genetic mutations. Therefore, this study aims to compare the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of Iranian patients with LRBA-deficiency and CVID with no known genetic alterations.
Methods: We performed a longitudinal study on patients who had been diagnosed with CVID. Demographic and clinical features were obtained via the databank of the Iranian Registry of Primary Immunodeficiencies, and the direct interviews with patients. To assess the presence of LRBA or other genetic mutations, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used. Immunologic characteristics of patients were evaluated using flow cytometry, nephelometry, and conventional blood counts. The current study is conducted at Tehran’s Children Medical Center and is approved by the ethics committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Results: Between March 2013 and October 2019, we enrolled 30 patients with LRBA-deficiency and 13 patients with CVID, who had no identified genetic mutations. Regarding clinical features, there were no significant differences for the prevalence of infections at different sites (lung, sinuses, and middle ear) among the two groups (all P-values > 0.05). However, the incidences of autoimmune disorders and enteropathy were significantly higher among LRBA-deficient cases (P < 0.001). In serum levels of immunoglobulins, there were significant differences for IgG and IgM between the two groups (P-values of 0.014 and 0.004, respectively); however, this was not seen for IgA and IgE levels. Likewise, we did not see any significant differences for the cluster of differentiation (CD) markers between the two groups (all P-values > 0.05).
Conclusion: Compared to the CVID patients with no identified genetic mutations, LRBA-deficient patients have a significantly greater chance of parental consanguinity and developing autoimmune disorders and enteropathy, and have significantly higher values of serum IgG and IgM. The rate of infectious complications and other basic laboratory features, do not show significant differences between the two groups.
Comparison of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Among X-Linked and Autosomal Recessive Agammaglobulinemia
Authors: Mardi Parham , Jamee Mahnaz , Eslamian Mohammad Hossein
Published: January 2022

Background: Congenital agammaglobulinemia is an inborn error of immunity, resulting in the impairment of effective antibody production. Agammaglobulinemia may be due to X-linked or autosomal genetic abnormalities. The primary defect in X-Linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) and autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia (ARAG) is the B cell precursors’ failure to mature B-lymphocytes and, ultimately, plasma cells. This study aims to evaluate the differences in clinical and paraclinical characteristics of XLA and ARAG patients.
Method: A total of 58 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. The data were extracted from the Iranian primary immunodeficiency registry (IPIDR). Forty-eight of the patients were diagnosed with XLA, while the other ten were diagnosed with ARAG. Measures including demographic data, clinical manifestations, and laboratory data of the patients were compared between the groups.
Results: Patients with ARAG, presented manifestations at an earlier age and had a lower diagnosis delay compared to XLA patients. However, the mortality rate was not significantly affected. The pattern of organ involvement also differed between the two groups, as patients with ARAG showed manifestations that are more chronic in nature (e.g., autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, and allergy). In contrast, XLA patients were more prone to infections and other associated complications (e.g., meningitis, sinusitis, diarrhea, and bronchiectasis). Meningitis was exclusively observed in the XLA group. The number of CD19+ B cells was significantly higher in the ARAG group (P=0.002), While the level of IgM was significantly higher in the XLA group (P=0.045).
Conclusion: Identifying the clinical presentations of XLA and ARAG, may assist clinicians in early diagnosis in the setting of limited available genetic studies.
Comparing the Effects of Folic Acid and Cyproheptadine on Appetite, Weight, and ADHD Symptoms in Children with ADHD: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Mostafavi Seyed-Ali , Hosseinzadeh Payam , Nojoumi Mandana , Asadian-Koohestani Fatemeh
Published: January 2022

Background: Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) treated with methylphenidate may lose their appetite and body weight. In this study, an attempt was to compare the effects of folic acid with cyproheptadine on appetite, weight, and symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity in children with ADHD who are taking methylphenidate.
Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial performed on 7-12 year old children who were diagnosed with ADHD, treated with methylphenidate, and complained of appetite loss. In the first visit, anthropometric measurements were performed and then mothers completed the ADHD rating scale, Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, and visual analogue scale for appetite. Then, the participants were randomly assigned to receive either cyproheptadine (4 mg/day), or folic acid (1 mg/day). All assessments were repeated after 8 weeks.
Results: Twenty-four children in the cyproheptadine group and 23 in the folic acid group (19 boys in each group) completed the study and statistical analyses were performed. The hyperactivity score significantly decreased in the folic acid group compared with the cyproheptadine group (p=0.035). However, the change in attention deficiency scores between groups was not significant. During the study, only girls in the folic acid group had significant body weight increase in contrast to other subgroups.
Conclusion: Improving hyperactivity symptoms in the folic acid group along with better growth especially in girls reveals the clinical superiority of folic acid over cyproheptadine.
Autolesão em estudantes adolescentes de uma escola pública
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Carla de Oliveira Paulo , Leite Rafael Franco Dutra , Couto Vilma Valéria Dias
Published: January 2022

Estudo descritivo de caráter exploratório que fez uso combinado de métodos quantitativos e qualitativos, realizado num município do interior mineiro, em 2019, com objetivo de analisar a ocorrência e as características da autolesão entre adolescentes de uma escola pública. Aplicou-se questionário de autorrelato baseado na Escala de Comportamento de Autolesão, e a interpretação dos dados se deu por estatística descritiva e pela análise de conteúdo temática. Participaram 112 estudantes do Ensino Fundamental II, dos quais 63% do sexo feminino; entre 11 a 16 anos; 59% relataram ter realizado autolesão pelo menos uma vez na vida, principalmente se morder, cutucar ferimento, se bater e se cortar; em 56% a autolesão ocorreu nos últimos 12 meses. Emergiram três categorias: Autolesão e intenção suicida; Razões da autolesão; e Diálogos e narrativas dos estudantes sobre autolesão. O alívio de sentimento negativo foi a principal explicação para autolesão, associando à depressão, bullying e problemas familiares. As/os pesquisadas/os consideram a autolesão um problema relevante, polêmico e pouco abordado pela escola. A abertura de espaços de diálogos na escola para esta demanda mostra-se essencial para o enfrentamento da autolesão em escolares.
Condições de saúde de detentos em um presídio da região meio oeste Catarinense
Authors: Santos de Oliveira Rosemari , Bordignon Somensi Lincon , Locatelli Claudriana
Published: January 2022

Este é um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, transversal e quantitativo, realizado em 2019 através da análise dos prontuários das pessoas privadas de liberdade no município de Caçador–SC, com objetivo de analisar as condições de saúde da população carcerária. Coletaram-se dados sociodemográficos, histórico de hábitos e vícios, doenças, uso de medicamentos, realização de teste rápido e consultas médicas. A análise se deu por estatística descritiva e ocorreu através do teste de Qui-quadrado. Considerou-se prontuários de 266 detentos (com superlotação), sendo: maioria do sexo masculino (96,24%); 20 a 39 anos (72,26%); pardos (48,04%) e brancos (44,53%); desempregados (45,7%); solteiros (61,57%), baixa escolaridade (52,94% até fundamental); uso de benzodiazepínicos (28,38%), uso de antidepressivos (18,02%) e de antipsicóticos (14,44%); consumo de tabaco (58,2%), seguido da maconha (44,53%); 95,31% dos homens e todas mulheres realizaram testes rápidos para hepatite B, sífilis e HIV no momento da admissão, e em dias subsequentes à entrada, tanto homens quanto mulheres, duas consultas médicas. O consumo de álcool, maconha e crack mostrou correlação com depressão. O contexto apresentado, mostra a necessidade de investimentos em políticas públicas para melhoria na prevenção de doenças e promoção da saúde de pessoas com privação de liberdade.
Quimioterápicos antineoplásicos intravenosos: conhecimento de enfermeiros intensivistas
Authors: De Paula Vanessa Galdino , De Souza Louise Pereira , De Almeida Luana Ferreira , De Andrade Karla Biancha Silva , De Paula Danielle Galdino , Pereira Sandra Regina Maciqueira
Published: January 2022

Este é um estudo transversal, descritivo, exploratório, realizado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital universitário em 2018, com o objetivo de identificar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros acerca da administração e descarte de quimioterápicos antineoplásicos intravenosos. Utilizou-se questionário autoaplicável, com três partes: (caracterização, administração e descarte). A análise foi realizada por estatística descritiva e aplicação do teste de hipótese de Wilcoxon. Participaram 20 enfermeiros, das quais: 90% do sexo feminino; 70% com idade entre 20 a 30 anos; 40% com 1 a 5 anos de formação; 40% possuíam especialização e destes, 62,5% em terapia intensiva; 70% possuíam um emprego e 50% trabalhavam na instituição há mais de 1 ano; todos conheciam os procedimentos a serem realizados antes da administração desses medicamentos; 95% identificaram os equipamentos de proteção individuais necessários; 90% definiram acidente ambiental e seu descarte; 85% apontaram as providências no acidente pessoal e 80% souberam caracterizá-lo; porém nenhum dos pesquisados sabiam acerca da legislação ligada a quimioterápicos antineoplásicos. Não houve diferença significativa entre erros e acertos (p valor ?0,05). Observou-se a necessidade de sensibilização e capacitação dos enfermeiros quanto às legislações referentes ao descarte e ao Kit de derramamento.
A participação familiar em programas de intervenção precoce
Authors: Marini Bruna Pereira Ricci , Della Barba Patrícia Carla de Souza
Published: January 2022

Estudo transversal, descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem mista, realizado em 2016 no estado de São Paulo, com o objetivo de identificar, sob a ótica dos profissionais, como se dá a participação familiar em serviços de Intervenção Precoce destinados a crianças entre zero e cinco anos. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário e de entrevistas semiestruturadas audiogravadas. Participaram 32 profissionais de nove serviços de Intervenção Precoce, localizados na área de abrangência do Programa São Paulo pela Primeiríssima Infância. A análise dos dados foi feita segundo técnicas de estatística descritiva e da metodologia de análise de conteúdo. As famílias têm baixa participação nas etapas do processo de intervenção, a saber: Avaliação, Planejamento, Desenvolvimento das intervenções, Reavaliação e Planejamento da alta. Construiu-se quatro núcleos temáticos: Desafios da percepção à ação; Parceria profissional-família; Impacto dos pré-conceitos; e Perspectiva real de participação. Verificou-se reduzida participação das famílias nos serviços, especialmente no controle, decisão e contribuição ativa, mostrando-se barreiras a serem superadas na busca pela implementação de práticas reconhecidas como mais eficazes.
Monitoria de pesquisa em saúde: ferramenta para formação do acadêmico em enfermagem
Authors: Gomes Lucas Fernando Antunes , Molina Nayara Paula Fernandes Martins , Goulart Bethania Ferreira
Published: January 2022

Este é um relato de experiência realizado em 2019, numa cidade do interior mineiro, com objetivo de descrever as percepções do discente-monitor a respeito da disciplina de Pesquisa em Saúde. Houve a participação de 12 horas semanais, num total de mais de 100 horas, considerando então uma atividade além da sala de aula (disciplina de 45 horas). Houveram quatro atividades de treinamento e a construção de uma plataforma de trabalho junto aos discentes que o monitor apoiaria. A monitoria acadêmica proporcionou ao monitor o crescimento individual e profissional, possibilitando expandir seus conhecimentos na área de pesquisa científica, bem como o aperfeiçoamento do binômio ensino-aprendizado. Participar do programa de monitoria para um discente que almeja seguir a trajetória acadêmica propiciou o começo da construção profissional e, com a ajuda das docentes, foi possível trilhar um caminho e familiarizar-se com diversas metodologias de ensino.
Knowledge of recommended dietary cholesterol allowance in an academic community
Authors:   Babcock University, Nigeria, Anyasor GN , Adetunji JA , Ibrahim HO , Adekunle A
Published: January 2022

This study was designed to assess the plasma cholesterol level and consumer awareness of recommended dietary cholesterol allowance in an academic environment. A total of 100 structured questionnaires were randomly distributed within Babcock University community, Ilisan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria. Ninety seven (97) completed questionnaires were retrieved. Venous blood samples of 60 volunteered participants were also collected for biochemical assays involving plasma levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose concentrations. Results showed that 53(54.6%), 75(77.3%) and 74(76.3%) of the females, non- vegetarians and respondents in sciences, respectively had previous knowledge of the term “dietary cholesterol”. Females 34(35.1%), non-vegetarians 48(49.5%) and respondents in sciences 50(51.5%), respectively were aware of t he negative effect of excess dietary cholesterol consumption. In addition, 35(36.1%), 64(66%) and 40(41.2%) of females, non- vegetarians and respondents in sciences consumed poultry eggs at least once a week. Males 35(36.1%), females 35( 36.1%), non- vegetarians 54(55.7%) and respondents in sciences 61(62.9%) had never checked their blood cholesterol level. Males 31(32%), non-vegetarian 47 (48.5%) and respondents in sciences 40(42.2%) were not aware of the recommended dietary cholesterol allowance and they ate fried foods and confectionaries sometimes. Further study revealed that mean plasma total cholesterol (141.73 ± 20. 51 mg/dl), LDL- cholesterol (69.80 ± 9.86 mg/dl), triglyceride (209.16 ± 15.58 mg/dl), and glucose (52.27 ± 7.94 mg/dl) concentrations in males were slightly elevated compared to the total cholesterol (141.36 ± 9.75 mg/dl), triglyceride (205. 43 ± 6.55 mg/dl), LDL- cholesterol (55.52 ± 4.03 mg/dl) and glucose (48.93 ± 3.18 mg/d l) concentrations in females while HDL-cholesterol concentrations of males (30.10 ± 11.96 mg/dl) were significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to those of females (44.75 ± 9.21 mg/dl). Plasma lipid and glucose concentrations of the respondents under the normal body weight category were significantly low (P<0.05) compared to those in overweight and obese body weight categories. Thus, this investigation indicated an inadequate level of awareness and practice of the recommended dietary cholesterol allowance among the educated.
Paleolithic hunter-gatherers’ dietary patterns: Implications and consequences
Authors:   University of Jordan, Jordan, Al-Domi H
Published: January 2022

The human diet has passed through several revolutionary changes since the introduction of agriculture, which has led to substantial modifications in individuals’ nutrition behavior. Overwhelming evidence supporting that diet is a key environmental risk factor affecting the now rampant incidence of the diseases of affluence such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancer. Findings on the health implications of low carbohydrate-high protein diet are inconsistent and controversial. Unlike modern humans, it was argued that the eating patterns of the Paleolithic hunter-gatherers could have beneficial effects on human health by reducing diet-induced chronic lifestyle diseases. Hence, the objective of this review was to outline the main aspects of Paleolithic hunter-gatherers’ dietary patterns and its main long-term health consequences. Paleolithic diet is based on the assumption that our hunter-gatherer ancestors were nourished on low carbohydrate-high protein diet. Yet, the majority of literature on Paleolithic diet is anecdotal and reflects two opposite viewpoints. First, advocates and proponents argued that human’s genome could have been modified a little since the early stages of agriculture. Thus, genetically, humans remain Stone Agers adapted for a Paleolithic dietary regimen. As such, consuming a diet similar to that consumed during the Paleolithic era would be more compatible with our genetic makeup and might reduce the occurrence of diet-related lifestyle diseases. Second, critics asserted that the Paleolithic dietary recommendations and restrictions are not evidence-based. Adherents of Paleolithic nutrition claimed that modern populations who maintained Paleolithic lifestyle are totally free of the diseases of affluence. Nonetheless, information about the Paleolithic diet have been drawn from studies of surviving hunter-gatherer populations, archeological records, and analysis of wild plants and animals plus other methods. Recommendations of the Paleolithic nutrition are not based on interventional studies, thus the adoption of which could have negative health consequences. Hence, before adopting low carbohydrate-high protein diet, it seems logical to undertake a well designed population-based longitudinal studies to evaluate the long-term health consequences of the Paleolithic nutrition.
Effect of organic fertilizers on physical and chemical quality of sugar loaf pineapple (Ananas comosus L) grown in two ecological sites in Ghana.
Authors:   Radiation Technology Center- Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute,  Legon-Ghana, Owureku-Asare M , Agyei-Amponsah J , Agbemavor SWK , Apatey J , Sarfo AK , Okyere AA , Twum LA , Dodobi MT ,   2 Nuclear Agriculture Research Centre-Biotechnology and Nuclear Agricultural Research Institute, Legon-Ghana
Published: January 2022

Pineapple has a large demand for plant nutrients and for this reason; fertilization is almost mandatory where the fruit is destined for sale. As consumer demand for organic food grows, organic production and certification is seen as a valuable alternative for smallholder farmers in developing countries. This study sought to investigate the effects of different organic fertilizers on the physical and chemical quality of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) cultivated in two different ecological zones in Ghana. Organic fertilizers treatments were POME (Palm oil meal effluent), Phos-K (PH), Yara (Y) and combination of Phos-K and POME (PH+P) and Yara + POME (Y+P) in the ratio of 1:1. Soil without fertilizer was control. A farmer field demonstration and an on-station experimental trial were conducted parallel at Nsakyi and at the Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute (BNARI) research farm, respectively. The experiment was laid out in the Randomised Completely Block Randomized Design (RCBD) with five fertilizer treatments and four replications. Sugar loaf pineapples were harvested at 17 months upon maturity, washed, peeled, and juice extracted for analyzing vitamin C, Total Soluble Solids, pH, Titratable acidity, juice yield and colour. Fruits were weighed with Sartorius scale and percentage weight loss estimated over 15 days. The weight loss of pineapples treated with POME (25.56 ± 0.62 %) from BNARI farm was significantly (p<0.05) higher than all the other pineapple treaments. pH of all pineapple samples significantly (P<0.05) differed for all the different fertilizer treatments for both farms. Phos-K significantly (p<0.05) enhanced the vitamin C content of pineapples from both ecological sites Lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) for juice of pineapple treated with Phos-K from BNARI farm was significantly (p<0.05) higher, than samples from Nsakyi farms indicating desirable visual appeal for sugar loaf pineapples. Organic fertilizers significantly (p<0.05) influenced the pH, vitamin C and juice yield of pineapples grown in the two different ecological zones. Irrespective of the ecological differences in Nsakyi and BNARI farm sites, the application of Phos-K to pineapple significantly (p<0.05) increased the juice yield which is a desirable quality of pineapple. Thus the application of Phos-K organic fertilizer, better improved the physical and chemical quality attributes of pineapple. However, there is the need to conduct further work on application rate and utilization efficiency of organic fertilizers that will produce maximum pineapple quality and yield.
Agricultural vulnerability to climate change in Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Authors:   University of Benin, Nigeria, Atedhor GO
Published: January 2022

Although climate change is global threat, developing countries have been identified as most vulnerable owing to their low adaptive capacities. In Nigeria, while the impacts of climate cut across diverse sectors, agriculture remains the most susceptible due to the predominance of rainfed agriculture. This paper examines agricultural vulnerability to climate change in eight selected rural settlements in Sokoto State, Nigeria adopting the integrated approach which combines environmental and socio- economic determinants . Monthly rainfall, rain days and temperatures (minimum and maximum) data for Sokoto (1951- 2010) were sourced from the archives of the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Lagos. The annual rainfall, total of rain days and mean temperature were computed a nd used for the trends analyses of the climatic variables while t he annual drought intensities for Sokoto synoptic weather station were computed from the annual rainfall data. Data on the environmental and socio -economic determinants of agricultural vulnerability to climate change were collected from 234 selected farmers using structured questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the relationship between the agricultural vulnerability of the sampled farmers and the determinants. Stepwise regression was used to resolve the issue of multi -collinearity in the independent variables and consequently enhance the strength of the model. Results show that while there were downward trends of annual rainfall and rain days in Sokoto, annual mean temperatures show upward trend. Annual droughts were of slight and moderate intensities during the period under review. The results also revealed that unreliable rainfall, desertification, increasing temperatures, scarcity of pastures and inaccessibility to cred it facilities accounted for 86% of the variation of agricultural vulnerability to climate change in the selected settlements in Sokoto State . The paper concludes that the determinants of agricultural vulnerability to climate change in the selected settlements in Sokoto State connote environmental and socio -economical stressors. The paper, therefore, recommends development of irrigation projects and planned grazing as well as provision of soft and accessible loan facilities to local farmers on a sustainable basis .
Optimization and Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria with Higher Mannitol Production Potential
Authors: Saleena Lejaniya Abdul Kalam , Chandran Deepak , Geetha R. , Radha R. , Sathian C.T. , Kumar Manoj , Sureshkumar R. , Marthandan V. , . Radha
Published: January 2022

Background: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is considered as food-grade microorganism with generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status. Both hetero-fermentative and homo-fermentative LAB have the ability to produce mannitol as metabolic end product in normal fermentation. Methods: Ten LAB isolates selected were detected for its mannitol production potential using colorimetric assay in preliminary study. Later selected four isolates of LAB with better mannitol production were further optimized at different culture conditions. A total of 540 mannitol combinations were obtained after optimization. All the observations were statistically analyzed using response surface methodology. Biochemical and molecular assays were carried out to identify the isolates. Result: The isolate L8 produced mean mannitol content of 1.635 g/L, 0.345967 cell densities, at pH 7.0 and temperature 42°C with agitation of 100 rpm was selected with optimum response surface optimization because of its higher mannitol production. Biochemical and molecular assays identified higher mannitol producers, L4 as Enterococcus faecium strain Gr17, L6 as Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain 6870, L8 as Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides culture IMAU: 11666 and L9 as Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum strain NMB8.
Polymorphism Study of POU1F1 Gene in Mandya and NARI-Suwarna Sheep
Authors: Abhilash H.R. , Kumar S. Naveen , Nagaraja R. , Yathish H.M. , Jagadeeswary V.
Published: January 2022

Background: The mutations in POU1F1 gene result in deficiency of GH, PRL and TSH-â expression and thus have an indirect effect on development and reproduction. The present study was conducted to determine and compare the polymorphism of POU1F1 gene in Mandya and NARI-Suwarna Sheep. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 50 each of Mandya and NARI-Suwarna sheep and genomic DNA was isolated following Miller’s high salt method. PCR-RFLP analysis was performed for exon 3 and exon 4 regions of POU1F1 gene, whereas, PCR-SSCP analysis was performed for exon 6 region of POU1F1 gene. Result: The PCR products of sizes 365 bp, 508 bp and 501 bp for exon 3, exon 4 and exon 6 regions of POU1F1 gene, respectively were successfully amplified. PCR-RFLP analysis of exon 3 and exon 4 regions of POU1F1 gene with AluI and EcoRI restriction enzymes, respectively revealed monomorphism in both Mandya and NARI-Suwarna sheep. The PCR-SSCP analysis of exon 6 region of POU1F1 gene revealed two patterns, P1 and P2 with frequencies of 98 and 2 per cent, respectively in Mandya sheep and 90 and 10 per cent, respectively in NARI-Suwarna sheep. The alignment of P1 and P2 pattern sequences revealed two SNPs (109 G greater than C and 112 T greater than A) in Mandya sheep, whereas 3 SNPs (218 T greater than G, 225 G greater than A and 264 T greater than A) were revealed in NARI-Suwarna sheep. Polymorphism was successfully established at exon 6 region of POU1F1 gene.