bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Authentic Experience in Tourism and Commodification
Authors: COŞKUN Güliz
Published: June 2021

Defining authenticity and authentic experience is a complex process. The actual meaning of authenticity is ‘original’; however there are different interpretations based on various perspectives such as objectivism, constructivism and post-modernism. Under current changing and globalizing environment, cultural boundaries are weakening and traditions lose their meanings. Power and politics play important role in heritage preservation and authorization of the authentic experience. The search for authentic experience has become a main drive for people to travel recently. The increase in the demand for authentic products and experience led to the commodification o cultural elements. On the other hand, this type of tourism creates job for local people and guided them to explore their culture deeper. Authentic experience reinforces stereotypes and breaks them at the same time. Different variables such as globalization, capitalism, standardization should be considered in authenticity research. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of authenticity in touristic experience be reviewing relevant literature.
Smart Medicine Reminder and Vending Machine
Authors: Lohar Prof. Suprriya , Daphal Shrutika , Salgar Soni , Sarkar Samiksha
Published: June 2021

In this project a Smart Medicine Reminder and Vending Machine has been developed. Many old people have the tendency of missing the medicines or taking the medicines at wrong time. Often, they require someone to give them the medicines. Hence it is required to design a Medication Reminder Device that can help old people and many other patients to take medication on schedule. In situations like the CoVid-19 pandemic there is a physical contact between the patient and the caretakers, doctors. So, the devicedeveloped is capable of delivering medicine at prescribed time in which care-taker of the patient can store medicine in small boxes which will drop out according the time entered. Arduino IDE software platform and Arduino Mega along with RTC, servo motors, LCD, MP3 player, LED, Rotary Encoder with push button, IR sensor as hardware are used to build this project.
Real-Time Monitoring of Covid-19 in Scotland
Authors: Calder-Gerver Giles , Mazeri Stella , Haynes Samuel , Simonet Camille , Woolhouse Mark , Brown Helen
Published: June 2021

Background

To manage the public health risk posed by COVID-19 and assess the impact of interventions, policymakers must be able to closely monitor the epidemic's trajectory.

Methods

Here we present a simple methodology based on basic surveillance metrics for monitoring the spread of COVID-19 and its burden on health services in Scotland.

Results

We examine how the dynamics of the epidemic have changed over time and assess the similarities and differences between metrics.

Discussion

We illustrate how our method has been used throughout the epidemic in Scotland, explore potential biases and conclude that our method has proven to be an effective tool for monitoring the epidemic's trajectory.
Public Health Scotland - the First Year: Successes and Lessons
Authors: Phin Nick
Published: June 2021

Over its first year Public Health Scotland (PHS) played a key role in the national vaccination programme by providing professional leadership and expertise. We expedited the reporting of all aspects of the pandemic, and accelerated rapid evidence reviews. We contributed to rigorous research showing that: vaccination reduced hospitalisation by 90%, and the transmission of COVID-19 within households by 55%; hence vaccination works. Lessons for the future included strengthening whole genome sequencing to manage COVID-19 and to prepare for future pathogens. COVID-19 also stimulated the redesign of many health and social care services: by exploiting digital media; by implementing evidence on reducing barriers to service delivery; and by greater integration - of projects rather than organisations - enabling groups who had not worked together to address common issues. PHS and partners soon recognised the need to mitigate the adverse impact of the pandemic on existing inequalities. So we aim to ‘build back fairer’ as the pandemic recedes, by pursuing PHS's four priorities: poverty; children and young people; place and community; and mental health and well-being.
Ensino e aprendizado sobre dignidade e Direitos Humanos a partir da pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Klein Ana Maria
Published: June 2021

A violação dos Direitos Humanos no Brasil persiste apesar do reconhecimento constitucional da dignidade humana e dos Direitos Humanos. A educação é uma via importante para formar sujeitos de direitos capazes de olhar para esta realidade e atuar na sua transformação. O Brasil conta com planos e diretrizes que orientam o desenvolvimento da Educação em Direitos Humanos em todos os níveis e modalidades educacionais. Este tipo de educação pressupõe caminhos metodológicos capazes de promover a reflexão e a problematização da realidade. A pandemia da Covid-19 que afetou e afeta todo o planeta durante o ano de 2020 nos confronta diariamente com a necessidade de garantir os Direitos Humanos das pessoas em nome da sua dignidade. Este artigo propõe-se a refletir sobre as possibilidades de ensino e aprendizagem a partir da problematização do contexto de pandemia em sala de aula. 
 
Teaching and learning about dignity and Human Rights from the Covid-19 pandemic
The violation of Human Rights in Brazil persists despite the constitutional recognition of human dignity and Human Rights. Education is an important way to form persons under law capable of looking at this reality and acting on its transformation. Brazil has plans and guidelines that guide the development of Human Rights Education at all levels and educational modalities. This type of education presupposes methodological paths capable of promoting reflection and problematizing reality. The Covid-19 pandemic that affected and still affects the entire planet during the year 2020 confronts us daily with the need to guarantee the people’s human rights on account of their dignity. This chapter aims to reflect on the possibilities of teaching and learning by problematizing the context of the pandemic in the classroom.
Keywords: Human Rights Education. Human dignity. Covid Pandemic-19.
Dignidade: condição humana compartilhada
Authors: Reis Helena Esser dos
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo visa discutir avanços e recuos no processo histórico de construção da ideia de dignidade humana, a fim de contribuir com o dossiê “Ciência e política: diálogos sobre a dignidade humana em tempo de pandemia”. Nossa abordagem será filosófica e partirá da concepção de dignidade humana como valor da pessoa. Com base no pensamento jusnauralista moderno, investigaremos o indivíduo livre e igual do estado de natureza buscando compreender a tensão entre singularidade e individualismo que, embora presente nesta na concepção de indivíduo, aprofunda-se no séc. XIX.  Discutiremos, então, a relação com o outro (indivíduo e comunidade) a fim de evidenciar que a aniquilação de vínculos comuns tende a conduzir as pessoas a condições sociais e políticas de subordinação e opressão. O problema que se põe, então, a ser investigado é o reestabelecimento dos vínculos. Rousseau e Tocqueville encontram na empatia em vista do sofrimento da outra pessoa o caminho contraporem-se à corrosão dos vínculos. O respeito à dignidade humana como uma condição compartilhada emerge junto com a solidariedade.  
 
Dignity: shared human condition
This article aims to discuss the advances and retreats in the historical process of building the idea of human dignity, in order to contribute with the dossier “Science and politics: dialogues on human dignity in pandemic times”. We will use a philosophical approach that starts in the idea of human dignity as one’s value.  Based on the modern jusnaturalism thinking, we will investigate the state of nature of the free and equal individual, pursuing to understand the tension between singularity and individualism that, although is present in the idea of the individual, deepens in the 19th century. Then, we will discuss the relationship with the other (individual and community) in order to show that the annihilation of common attachments tends to drive people to social and political conditions of subordination and oppression. So, the problem that is being investigated is the reestablishment of attachments. Rousseau and Tocqueville find in the empathy towards the suffering of the other the path, opposing to the extinction of the attachments. The respect to human dignity as a shared condition emerges together with solidarity. 
Keywords: Individual. Singularity. Individualism. Solidarity. Human dignity.
Sosyal ve kültürel faktörlerin etkisi altında Jorge Luis Borges’in “El Sur” (Güney) isimli kısa öyküsünün Türkçe ve İngilizce çevirilerinin karşılaştırmalı çözümlemesi
Authors: Ortaç Neslihan
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışma Arjantinli yazar Jorge Luis Borges’in ‘El Sur’ (Güney) isimli hikâyesinin İspanyolca aslından Türkçe ve İngilizceye yapılan çevirilerini sosyal ve kültürel etkenleri de göz önünde bulundurarak karşılaştırmalı bir çözümleme yapmayı hedeflemektedir. Çevirmenler kaynak ve erek kültürlerin özelliklerini tahlil ederek yeri geldiğinde ekleme yeri geldiğinde eksiltme vb. yollarla bu hikâyeyi kendi dillerine kazandırmışlardır. Kültürlerarası zenginliğin artması ve iletişimin ilerleyebilmesi için yapılan çeviriler farklı dünyaların birbirlerine ev sahipliği yapmasına olanak tanır. Edebi hayatı boyunca metafiziksel, fantastik ve tamamen sübjektif ürünler ortaya çıkaran Borges, büyülü gerçekçilik akımının öncelikli isimleri arasında yerini almıştır. Böylesine düşünceleri ve kalemi kuvvetli bir yazara ait öykünün tahlilinde ilk olarak kültürlerarasılık konusundan bahsedeceğiz, hemen ardından bahsi geçen hikâyenin Türkçe ve İngilizce çevirileri üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yapacağız. Çeviride yaşanan kültürel ve sosyal etkenlerin aktarımda yarattığı sıkıntılar, kaynak ve erek kültürlerin birbirleriyle olan ya da olmayan etkileşimleri makalemizin çıkış noktalarını oluşturacaktır.
“Gün Olur Asra Bedel” romanında hâldeki olayların olay örgüsüne nakşedilişi ve romanda anlatım tekniklerinin kullanılışı
Authors: Demir Sueda
Published: June 2021

Cengiz Aytmatov, Kırgız edebiyatının önde gelen isimlerinden olup ünü dünyaya yayılmış bir yazardır. Toplumsal problemlere ışık tuttuğu eserleriyle edebiyatımızda yeri dolmayacak şahsına münhasır bir edebiyat insanıdır. Sovyet dönemi yazarı olarak yetişmiş ve eserlerinde Türk’ün Sovyet elinden çektiği zulmü anlatmıştır. Bunu bazen sezdirmeden ve bazen de aleni olarak yapmıştır. Sözünü edeceğimiz, Gün Olur Asra Bedel, Cengiz Aytmatov’un roman türünde tek eseridir. 1980’de kaleme alınmıştır. Aytmatov, Kırgız toplumunun portresini çizmiştir. Gün Olur Asra Bedel’de yazarımız, Kazangap’ın vefat ve defni arasında geçen bir zamandan bahsederken, geriye dönüşlerle birden fazla olaya açıklık getirmiştir. Hâldeki olaylarda yalnızca olup bitenlerin seyri verilmemiş; çeşitli tarihi olaylara, geleneklere, örf-âdetlere değinilerek, Boranlı halkının günlük hayatı ve kültürü verilmiştir. Bu bakımdan Aytmatov edebiyatımıza, oldukça zengin kültür numunelerini bünyesinde toplayan bir eser kazandırmıştır.
ANÁLISE DE RESTAURAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA ATRAVÉS DE INDICADORES EM ÁREA DE REFLORESTAMENTO NO PARQUE ESTADUAL MATA DOS GODOY, LONDRINA, PR
Authors: Kuhlewein Lilian Buss Cardoso , Queiroga Joel Leandro De
Published: June 2021

Introdução: os projetos de restauração de áreas degradadas têm por finalidade planejar a implantação de um novo ecossistema em áreas onde, por causa antrópica ou não, a cobertura vegetal existente foi parcial ou integralmente suprimida. O acompanhamento do desenvolvimento das espécies plantadas na área em restauração torna-se imprescindível e há a necessidade do estabelecimento de indicadores que permitam avaliações periódicas durante todo o desenvolvimento do projeto, possibilitando um monitoramento efetivo na área e verificando se os objetivos estabelecidos estão sendo alcançados. Objetivo: analisar o processo de restauração ecológica de um reflorestamento com espécies nativas denominado “Projeto Primavera” no Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy (PEMG) através da aplicação de protocolo de monitoramento de áreas em restauração por uma matriz universal de indicadores ecológicos, a fim de obter dados que pudessem indicar o grau de desenvolvimento do ecossistema analisado. Material e métodos: em uma área mais homogênea deste reflorestamento, com borda próxima a área de floresta nativa do PEMG, foram alocadas 5 parcelas amostrais de 12m x 12m para coleta de dados. Quatro indicadores universais foram analisados: cobertura do solo, estratificação, estádio sucessional e presença de espécies lenhosas invasoras. Resultados: o indicador cobertura de solo foi obtido a partir da medida linear da projeção das copas das espécies marcadas em cada parcela e o valor final da porcentagem foi superior a 80%, indicando conformidade adequada. Quanto à estratificação, a área estudada possui dois estratos, um mais uniforme e outro com algumas espécies emergentes. Quanto ao estádio sucessional à fitofisionomia, a área foi considerada como uma capoeirinha/capoeira, estando então os indicadores estratificação e estádio sucessional fitofisionomia na conformidade adequada, isto é, não é necessário nenhum tipo de intervenção adicional. Não se observou a presença de espécies lenhosas invasoras na área analisada, porém, foi observada uma considerável invasão por Panicum maximum Jacq. (capim-colonião). Considerou-se crítica esta situação, uma vez que em nenhuma parcela evidenciou-se um banco de plântulas, ou seja, foi detectada ausência de um sub-bosque regenerante. Conclusão: foi considerado necessário o controle desta espécie gramínea invasora, e avaliações periódicas da regeneração natural para o sucesso da restauração ecológica deste projeto de reflorestamento.
Danışanların Psikolojik Danışma Sürecinde Algıladıkları Yaşantı ve Davranış Değişimi Düzeylerinin Bazı Değişkenlere Göre Yordanması
Authors: GÜMÜŞKAŞIK Aslıhan , DENİZLİ Serkan
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, psikolojik danışma süreci sonunda danışanların göstermiş oldukları yaşantı ve davranış değişim düzeyinin danışanların algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeyi, cinsiyeti, katılmış oldukları oturum sayısı ve problem çözme tarzlarına göre incelenmesidir. Araştırma betimsel bir alan araştırmasıdır. Araştırmanın örneklemi orta ve büyük ölçekteki 12 devlet üniversitesinde RPD lisans programında öğrenim gören psikolojik danışman adaylarının psikolojik yardım sunduğu 200 danışandan oluşmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ), Problem Çözme Envanteri (PÇE), Yaşantı ve Davranışlarda Değişim Ölçeği (YADA) ve araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan Bilgilendirilmiş Onay Formu ile bilgilendirme mektupları kullanılmıştır. Danışanların yaşantı ve davranışlardaki değişim düzeylerinin danışanların katılmış oldukları oturum sayısı, cinsiyeti, algılanan sosyal destek ve problem çözme becerisi değişkenlerine göre yordanıp yordanmadığını incelemek için çoklu doğrusal hiyerarşik regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına bakıldığında, danışanların cinsiyetinin, algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeylerinin ve katılmış oldukları oturum sayısının psikolojik danışma sürecinde algıladıkları yaşantı ve davranış değişim düzeyini yordamada anlamsız bulunduğu görülmüştür. Danışanların aceleci problem çözme, kaçıngan problem çözme, değerlendirici problem çözme, kendine güvenli problem çözme, planlı problem çözme tarzı puanları, yaşantı ve davranışlarda değişim düzeyi puanlarını yordamada istatistiksel olarak anlamsız bulunmuştur. Bu problem çözme tarzları ile danışanların algıladıkları yaşantı ve davranış değişim düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Sadece danışanların düşünen tarz problem becerisi ile algıladıkları yaşantı ve davranış değişimi düzeyi arasında anlamlı ve olumsuz bir ilişki olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
İngilizce Öğrenmeye Yönelik Motivasyon Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: KARAYAZGAN Beylü , SARACALOĞLU Asuman Seda
Published: June 2021

Eğitimin temel faktörlerinden biri olan motivasyon, öğrencilerin özellikle yabancı dil eğitimi gibi anlamakta zorlandıkları derslerde ihmal edilmemesi gereken bir boyuttur. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin İngilizce öğrenmeye yönelik motivasyon düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla Likert-tipi bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Bunun için, literatür taramasından hareketle bir ön-test oluşturulmuş ve uzmanların değerlendirilmesine sunulmuştur. Uzmanların önerileri doğrultusunda yapılan değişikliklerden sonra, ölçeğin güncellenmesi için 554 üniversite İngilizce hazırlık sınıfı öğrencisi ile ilk uygulama yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerliğini belirlemek üzere açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach-α güvenirlik katsayısı ise 0.91 olarak bulunmuştur. Faktör analizi sonuçları, ölçeğin toplam varyansın %40’ını açıklayan iki faktöre sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Ölçek, üzerinde yapılan değişikliklerden sonra 545 üniversite İngilizce hazırlık sınıfı öğrencisine uygulanmış, geçerliği belirlemek amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğine ilişkin Cronbach alfa katsayıları, içsel motivasyon boyutu için 0.94, dışsal motivasyon boyutu için ise 0.97 olarak bulunmuştur. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile elde edilen uyum indeksleri incelendiğinde ki kare değeri serbestlik derecesine bölündüğünde 4.53 değeri bulunmuştur. Bu şekilde, 32 maddeden oluşan geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir.
ARAFTA KİMLİKLER: UZUNYAYLA ÇERKESLERİNDE KİŞİ VE SÜLALE İSİMLERİ
Authors: ÇATALKILIÇ Didem
Published: June 2021

Kişilerin sahip oldukları isimler ve soyadları kimi zaman etnik ve dini kimliklerle bağlantılı olmuştur. İsimler çalışma konumuz olan Kafkasya için de bu işleve sahiptir. Nitekim Çerkeslerin Osmanlı coğrafyasına sürgünü çocuklarına verdikleri isimleri etkilemiştir. Sovyetler Birliği’nin yıkılmasına kadar Çerkesler Anadolu coğrafyasına özgü isimler kullanmayı tercih etmişler, STK’laşma süreciyle birlikte etnik kimliklerini vurgulayan isimler kullanmaya başlamışlardır. Sülale isimleriyse Kafkasya’da ve Osmanlı’da kişinin nesebini belirterek soyadı işlevi görmüştür. Ancak 1934 soyadı kanunuyla Çerkes toplumu Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin verdiği soyadlarına sahip oldular. Biz bu çalışmada 2017 ve 2020 yıllarında Kayseri’nin Pınarbaşı ilçesine bağlı Çerkes köylerinde alan çalışmamız esnasında kaynak kişilere sorduğumuz sorularla isim ve soyadlarının durumunu inceleyeceğiz. Nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı, gelişigüzel örneklem modeline göre kaynak kişilere ulaştığımız bu çalışmadaki veriler fenomenolojik analiz yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada tanıklıklar üzerinden kişi ve sülale isimlerinin etnik kimlikle bağlantısının açıklanması amaçlanmaktadır. Yaptığımız çalışmada kişilerin çocuklarına hafızayı ve kimliği canlı tutacak Çerkeslere özgü tarihi ve mitolojik isimler vermeyi tercih ettikleri görülmüştür.
ВИВЧЕННЯ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ПИСЕМНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ З АЛАЛІЄЮ
Authors: Трофименко Людмила , Ільяна Валентина
Published: June 2021

Статтю присвячено висвітленню науково-теоретичних та практичних підходів до дослідження психолінгвістичних компонентів писемного мовлення та умов його формування у дітей з алалією. Науково обґрунтовано та репрезентовано методику діагностики із зазначених позицій, наведено приклади найбільш показових завдань. Водночас розглянуто особливості впливу стану сформованості усного мовлення на оволодіння читанням з метою визначення можливої кореляції між первинним мовленнєвим розладом та типами дислексичних помилок.
REPEAT AND REPEAT FUNCTIONS IN FICTION TEXT
Authors: Yusupova Munira , Oripova Musavar , Abdukarimova Feruza , Rachabova Mohira
Published: June 2021

This article analyzes repetitions as linguistic means for the logical construction of an utterance, for additional actualization of the utterance. The ways and methods of realization of repetitions for creation of mood, expression of the situation, emphasizing the necessity and relevance of this linguistic phenomenon have been investigated.
ОБ’ЄКТИВАЦІЯ КОНЦЕПТУ WOMAN В АНГЛОМОВНІЙ ЛІНГВОКУЛЬТУРІ ТА ЙОГО ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ПРИ ПЕРЕКЛАДІ НА НІМЕЦЬКУ МОВУ
Authors: Жигоренко Ірина , Мінькова Ганна
Published: June 2021

В дослідженні здійснено етимологічний аналіз лексеми woman; методом семантичної інтерпретації даних з найбільш авторитетних лексикографічних джерел англійської та німецької мови; виявлено прототипові значення цього слова; за допомогою словникових дефініцій встановлено логічний зміст імені концепту WOMAN, розкрито його суттєві та відмінні ознаки і якості; з’ясовано напрямки концептуалізації, описано фреймову структуру концепту WOMAN. Досліджено механізми збереження концептуального змісту англійського оригіналу при перекладі на німецьку мову.
THE 2003 WAR AND İTS INFLUENCE IRAQİ-TURKİSH RELATİONS
Authors: Baghirova Aida
Published: June 2021

The end of the Cold War and decline of the bipolar structure of the international relations led to significant changes of the foreign policy strategy and tactic of a large number of countries. During the late 1990’s, especially after the Gulf War, new approaches in relation with the neighbouring countries were being shaped in the regional policy of Iraq and Turkey. After the 2003 War and the post-war years the relations between two countries developed successfully in many spheres despite the existing problems. This became largely possible due to diversification of foreign policy of Iraq and Turkey: the first lost the status of one of the leading states of the region, and the second was confirmed in the status of the leader of the Middle East. The article considers bilateral relations after the war in 2003 and until 2010’s.
MULTIMORBIDITY PATTERNS OF THE FRAGILITY PHENOTYPE IN OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: Lupascu-Volentir Felicia , Soric Gabriela , Popescu Ana , Negara Anatolie
Published: June 2021

It was highlighted that the osteoporosis and co-morbidities can lead to the worse of the frailty nursing homes elderlies through the various aspects. An association was observed between FRAX, low level of 25 OH Vitamin D and geriatric syndromes with an increased risk of falls and hip fracture at the frails group. According to the cluster analysis (k-means method), the most relevant indicators that separated the clusters were: age category, gender, clinical scale of frailty, comorbidities, geriatric syndromes and daily drugs used. The results obtained characterize the profile of institutionalized elderlies and can be used as a basis for the development of effective strategies, aimed at reducing physical, cognitive and social frailty.
Presentación
Authors: Hematología y Oncología Congreso de Investigación
Published: June 2021

La Asociación Colombiana de Hematología y Oncología (ACHO) presenta el número especial de la Revista Colombiana de Hematología y Oncología, con la recopilación de resúmenes de trabajos de investigación expuestos en el Primer Congreso de Investigación en Hematología y Oncología realizado en Cartagena en el año 2013 y en el segundo congreso de la misma especialidad llevado a cabo en Santa Marta en el año 2015. Para estas versiones del Congreso, los autores presentaron trabajos en los campos de hematología, oncología, hematopatología, patología oncológica, hematología y oncología pediátrica, enfermería, bacteriología y otros temas afines relacionados con el quehacer de la ACHO. Este número tiene el fin de divulgar los resúmenes de los productos de investigación en los campos de hematología y oncología en el contexto colombiano, por parte de profesionales de la salud, entidades, instituciones hospitalarias, entes gubernamentales, universidades y sociedades científicas, así como incentivar la investigación en la especialidad y la publicación del nuevo conocimiento generado.
Tieteenalojen identiteett ien rakentuminen oppi- ja tietokirjoissa
Authors: Satokangas Henri
Published: June 2021

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Korona ja kaupunkitila
Authors: Oikarinen Essi , Kosunen Hanna , Hotakainen Tiina
Published: June 2021

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Resensi Buku: Sosiologi Agama dari Klasik Hingga Postmodern
Authors: Aritonang Arthur
Published: June 2021

Resensi buku
Peranan Spiritualitas Misioner terhadap Pelayanan Jemaat GKI Paulus Jayapura
Authors: Rieuwpassa Julita Anastasya
Published: June 2021

Persoalan pokok dalam tulisan ini yaitu bagaimana upaya mengembangkan dan mengaktualisasikan spiritualitas misioner dalam pelaksanaan pelayanan di jemaat GKI Paulus Jayapura, sehingga hal-hal yang menjadi penghambat dalam pelaksanaan pelayanan dapat diatasi dengan semestinya. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa jemaat perlu untuk mengembangkan dan mengaktualisasikan spiritualitas misioner dalam melaksanakan pelayanannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dengan menyadari perlunya setiap anggota jemaat untuk memiliki dan mengembangkan spiritualitas misioner dalam pelayanan, maka perlu diusahakan suatu upaya alternatif berupa pembinaan dan pengajaran agar dapat meningkatkan pemahaman setiap anggota jemaat akan spiritualitas misioner sehingga bisa tercipta pelayanan yang ideal. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Dengan menggunakan metode ini, maka dapat diperoleh gambaran secara sistematis tentang keadaan jemaat GKI Paulus Jayapura dalam hal pemahaman serta proses-proses yang berlangsung, sesuai dengan pengamatan dan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dan dapat menguraikan masalah yang dihadapi.
Makna “Injil yang Lain” dalam Galatia 1:6-7
Authors: Prianto Robi , Lawira Kezia , Novianto Novianto
Published: June 2021

Injil adalah Kabar Baik dari Allah tentang Kristus. Berita mengenai keselamatan yang bukan dari Allah tidak bisa disebut sebagai Injil. Paulus dalam Galatia 1:6-7 menegur jemaat Galatia karena telah beralih dari Injil kepada suatu ajaran keselamatan yang lain yang Paulus sebut sebagai “injil yang lain”. Artikel ini meneliti apa yang dimaksud mengenai “Injil yang lain” dalam Galatia 1:6-7. Melalui metode penelitian historis-gramatikal, penulis menemukan bahwa “Injil yang lain” yang dimaksud oleh Paulus adalah suatu ajaran yang menambahkan budaya sebagai suatu kewajiban yang harus dilakukan orang Kristen untuk memperoleh keselamatan yang sempurna.
YOUTH POLICY AS A WAY IN PREVENTING SOCIAL RISKS
Authors:   Master of Human Sciences Ablai Khan KazUIR and WL, Almaty , Kazakhstan, Abdrazakova L. , Abzhaparova L. ,   Doctor Phd Ablai Khan KazUIR and WL,Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The article gives an analysis of one of the modern forms of international youth activities, which are significant mechanism in the formation of a positive image of the country in the youth environment which is based on the experience of foreign countries. Authors refer to the history of appearance term “international youth diplomacy”. The attempt to describe role of youth diplomacy in organized youth environment, identified some problematic aspects, as well as basic its development vectors within the framework of organizations and youth institutions.
THE ROLE OF THE KYZYLORDA PERIOD IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   teacher of the Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abaya Almaty, Kazakhstan, Jalmagambetov E.A. , Aziretbergenova E.Zh. ,   candidate of historical sciences, senior lecturer, Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abaya Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The Kyzylorda period in the development of the education system of Kazakhstan occupies a special place. The center's move to the city of Kyzylorda gave a new impetus to the political and public life of the region. Young people seeking education started coming to the city of Kyzylorda from other regions. After assigning the status of the capital in the city of Kyzylorda began to open up new educational institutions. The Kazakh Institute of education and medical schools moved from Orenburg. The city has opened educational schools of the first and second categories. Special boarding schools were opened for people living in remote areas. The work of boarding schools was constantly monitored by special commissions. In 1925, the famous writer Gabiden Mustafin worked and studied in the city of Kyzylorda. Also, S. Mukanov, A. Kenzhin and other representatives of the Kazakh intelligentsia worked in the education system.
KAZAKH INTELLIGENTSIA IN THE EARLY ХХ-TH CENTURY AND THE NATIONAL IDEA
Authors:   PhD,Senior lecturer of al-Farabi Kazakh national University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kumganbayev Zh.Zh. , Mekebayev T.K. ,   PhD, Associate Professor of al-Farabi Kazakh national University, Almaty,Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

In XXth century the Muslim movement Turk and Muslim peoples against the colonialist yoke of imperial power had democratic character based on the national, cultural and political demands. It was the ideology of the movement of Turk and Islamic Defenders parties. The formation of the Muslim movement was caused by intolerable and colonizing burdens, poor sociopolitical situation of Turk and other Muslim nations under Russian colony. The colonial policy the imperial power aimed at Russification of all spheres of social life led to the crisis and stalemate life of Muslim nations under the empire. This angered the Muslims and encouraged them to fight for independence. And also by assessing the connection between the Turkic consolidation and the current political situation, movements of direction and ideas aimed at uniting the Turkic peoples are determined. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the activities of representatives of the national intelligentsia and the revival of national ideologies. The activity of representatives of the national intelligentsia in the early XX-th century in the formation of the national idea was considered in the article
AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE US AND THE TALIBAN: START A DIALOGUE
Authors:   PhD Student, Department of Regional Studies, Faculty of International Relations, L .N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan city, Kazakhstan, aitzhanov@list.ru, Aitzhanov D.A. , Nursultanova L.N. ,   Professor, Department of Regional Studies, Faculty of International Relations, L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan city, Kazakhstan, 2012nura@bk.ru
Published: June 2021

The authors of the article analyze the situation in Afghanistan: establishing dialogue with Taliban and signing an agreement on a ceasefire, timing of withdrawal of the US military, the economic situation and the protracted political crisis. The role of Russia, China, Iran and Pakistan in addressing this issue is touched. The positions of Russia and China on Afghanistan are similar: strengthening of national army, law enforcement agencies, as well as respect for human rights and freedoms. Iran fears that Pakistan will be able to intervene in Afghanistan’s domestic policy and is therefore taking steps to establish cooperation with the Taliban. The main goal of Pakistan in Afghanistan is to further strengthen its influence in this country and prevent a strong rapprochement with India.
EURASIANISM AND THE ROLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN IN INTEGRATION PROCESSES İN EURASİA
Authors:   PhD, Scientific Researcher, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University, Amirbek А.А. , Tazhibayev R. ,   Acting Associate Professor, Department of International Relations,Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: June 2021

The Republic of Kazakhstan declared independence after the collapse of the bipolar world order and faced many problems in the sphere of economy and security. Since the first day of independence, the country has been solving these problems within the framework of integration processes in Eurasia. Kazakhstan pursues a constructive, balanced, multi-vector foreign policy, and maintains active cooperation with various integration organizations. The research will analyze the role of the Republic of Kazakhstan in integration processes, as well as the Eurasianism concept.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE SELJUK EMPIRE
Authors:   Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, candidate of pedagogical sciences,acting assistant professor, Zulpykharova E. , Dzhumadullaeva А. ,   Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, candidate of pedagogical sciences,acting assistant professor
Published: June 2021

Another great difficulty in economic policy, the decline of previous state systems and protracted internal wars, campaigns of conquest were severely affected economic structures. The Seljuk Empire was politically based on the military, and the economy could not be regulated by the army. The solution of social problems, which will become more and more complex, has become relevant. The Seljuk sultans used the best method to get out of the complicated situation and improve the economic situation. Seljuk rulers allocated large sums of money from the treasury for the construction of large canals, ponds and irrigation systems in all settlements. The main roads and bridges were reconstructed. The main trade routes were strictly controlled, the safety of the caravans was ensured, and thousands of caravanserais were built along all the main roads to facilitate their movement.
SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATIONS AS AN ELEMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF PROFESSIONAL COMMUNITIES OF HISTORIANS OF KAZAKHSTAN)
Authors:   Candidate of historical sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of State History underCommittee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republicof Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Chernienko D.A.
Published: June 2021

The article describes purposeful political initiatives for the formation of civil society institutions and the necessity of putting more scientific attention to the problems of their development in modern realities is justified. Their significance as an important element in the system of interaction with authorities on the examples of existing public associations of historians and on realization of actual objectives in the sphere of education and science is grounded. It was concluded that the establishment and operation of public associations of professional historians correspond to the trends of socio-political and ideological democratization of independent Kazakhstan and the principles of the state «historical policy». It was highlighted that communities perform not only scientific, but also important social functions – advisory, attitudinal and educational. The directions and subjects for further study of problems and tasks of modern historical science, features of functioning of formal and informal corporations of professional historians of Kazakhstan are proposed.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION OF SEMIPALATINSK REGION IN 1980-1990
Authors:   dоctоral student, Kazakh humanitarian and legal innоvatiоn University Kazakhstan, Semey, E-mail: aigul_bоl@mail.ru, Baіgapanоva A.B. , Adilbaeva A.S. ,   dоctоr оf histоrical Sciences, Kazakh humanitarian and legal innоvatiоn University Kazakhstan, Semey
Published: June 2021

The article describes the socio – economic situation of the Semipalatinsk region in the 1980s and 1990s, i.e. the problem of economy and industry and housing of the population of the region, the contribution of enterprises, collective farms and state farms to the development of the region. The main directions of economic development of the Soviet Union until 1990. Development of Agriculture, opening of branded stores. It is planned to strengthen industrial discipline, as well as the life and health of the population of the region. "I don't know," he said, " but I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know. National Education in the region, including the presence of a small number of clubs that study in the Kazakh language. It is reported about the production of products in the region during this period, the pace of development of transport activities, and the opening of stores that provide goods.
ACTUAL ISSUES OF RESEARCH OF ATTILA’S INVASION OF NOTHERN ITALY
Authors:   Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of World History, historiography and source studies, Academician, Director of the Scientific-Research Center on World History Studies, Al-Farabi Kazakh National Universitye-mail: kalkaman.zhumagulov@kaznu.kz, Zhumagulov K.T. , Sadykova R.O. ,   Candidate of historical sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of World History, historiography and source studies, Al-Farabi Kazakh National Universitye-mail: raikhan.sadykova@gmail.com
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the evolution of international relations in Europe in the middle of the 5th century, which involved a struggle for hegemony between the Hunnish Empire ruled by Attila on the one hand and both of the Roman Empires - on the other hand. By the late spring of 452, Attila had gathered capable troops and went ahead with launching a new campaign into Italy, the heart of the Roman Empire. The Byzantine diplomacy managed to send Attila against the West and may have played its role in this. The Hun aristocracy and hordes are thought to spur their ruler into launching the campaign to capture new spoils of war too. At all events, it is necessary for us to objectively reconstruct the events of the Italian campaign
KAZAKHSTAN-CHINESE RELATIONS AND CHALLENGE OF FOREIGN FORCES
Authors:   1st year doctoral student of the Department of Regional Studies, LN Gumilyov Eurasian National University,Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Kakar Kanat
Published: June 2021

In 2013, China's Silk Road Initiative, the One Belt One Road project, was first mentioned in Kazakhstan and has been widely discussed by major countries and international organizations. Kazakhstan's participation in this project, a resource-rich country in Central Asia, has attracted world attention, and the impact of external forces on Central Asia will have its own impact on the implementation of this project. The interests of countries such as Russia and the United States in Central Asia and the views of international organizations are important factors in the implementation of this project. This article examines the relations between China and Kazakhstan in the framework of the "One Belt - One Road" initiative and the competition of external forces influencing it, their views on the project, their interests, the project and competing projects, and highlights important international organizations and agreements. and the toothed conclusion is pronounced.
THE MODELS OF STATE-CONFESSIONAL RELATIONS IN THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT
Authors:   PhD student, Kazakh Humanitarian Juridical Innovative University,Semey, Yang Li , Marmontova T. ,   PhD in History, professor the Institute of Diplomacy. Academy the Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan,Nur-Sultan
Published: June 2021

In this paper, described the results of research about the evolution of state-confessional relations in the recent period. Authors were identified 3 main models of state-confessional relations: theocracy, the liberal model, and a model involving a strict separation state and church. Was make a comparative analysis of these models, indicating that theocracy was historically the first, and is now preserved in a form close to the classical type in the Vatican and Saudi Arabia. In the liberal states, such as Germany and Norway is possible to transfer some of the functions of the state to church communities. The third model takes place in the post-Soviet space, in China. It is due to the rigid separation state and church. The main conclusion of the authors is the recognition of the fact of the serious influence of religion on the social situation in the state.
EL MANEJO DE LOS DATOS PERSONALES DENTRO DE LOS CONTRATOS INDIVIDUALES DE TRABAJO
Authors: Gómez Briones Orlando Jacinto
Published: June 2021

La relación laboral es aquella que inicia, cuando una persona que se denomina como patrón, contrata a otra bajo su subordinación a otra persona llamada empleado o trabajador bajo con un “Contrato”, con el fin de prestar algún servicio, siendo esta acción el comienzo de la entrega de datos personales, ya que cada patrón como representante de la empresa, solicita al trabajador ciertos datos personales, los cuales tiene que ser acreditados con documentos por parte de el trabajador, para si generar confianza profesional, moral y jurídica entre patrón y trabajador, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo el analizar los ordenamientos jurídicos que protegen los datos personales y cual es su control desde la Carta Magna hasta la ley con menor jerarquía, bajo un método el cual nos lleve a una amplia recolección de datos con el propósito de conjuntarlos y sacar los pretendido en esta investigación. “Los datos personales” son todos los que acreditan nuestra identidad, ya que son todos aquellos que nos identifican como personas, los cuales deben de tener un debido tratamiento y resguardo, para este mismo resguardo se necesita un documento idóneo de el resguardo de estos mismos datos y tiene como nombre “Aviso de Privacidad” el cual tiene como objetivo en velar que todo lo referente a los datos personales sean protegidos, por ser un derecho fundamental.
Surface deposition of marine fog and its treatment in the WRF model
Authors: Taylor Peter Allan , Chen Zheqi , Cheng Li , Afsharian Soudeh , Weng Wensong , Isaac George A. , Bullock Terry W. , Chen Yongsheng
Published: June 2021

Abstract. There have been many studies of marine fog, some using WRF and other models. Several model studies report over-predictions of near surface liquid water content (Qc) leading to visibility estimates that are too low. This study has found the same. One possible cause of this overestimation could be the treatment of a surface deposition rate of fog droplets at the underlying water surface. Most models, including the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) Model, available from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), take account of gravitational settling of cloud droplets throughout the domain and at the surface. However, there should be an additional deposition as turbulence causes fog droplets to collide and coalesce with the water surface. A water surface, or any wet surface, can then be an effective sink for fog water droplets. This process can be parameterized as an additional deposition velocity with a model that could be based on a roughness length for water droplets, z0c, that may be significantly larger than the roughness length for water vapour, z0q. This can be implemented in WRF either as a variant of the Katata scheme for deposition to vegetation, or via direct modifications in boundary-layer modules.
Observations on hygroscopic growth and phase transitions of mixed 1, 2, 6-hexanetriol ∕ (NH4)2SO4 particles: investigation of the liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) dynamic process and mechanism and secondary LLPS during the dehumidification
Authors: Ma Shuaishuai , Chen Zhe , Pang Shufeng , Zhang Yunhong
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols consisting of organic and inorganic
components may undergo liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) and
liquid–solid phase transitions during ambient relative humidity (RH)
fluctuation. However, the knowledge of dynamic phase evolution processes for
mixed organic–inorganic particles is scarce. Here we present a universal and
visualized observation of LLPS, efflorescence and deliquescence transitions
as well as hygroscopic growth of laboratory-generated mixed 1, 2,
6-hexanetriol / ammonium sulfate (AS) particles with different
organic–inorganic mole ratios (OIR = 1:4, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1 and 4:1) with
high time resolution (0.5 s) using an optical microscope operated with a
video camera. The optical images suggest that an inner AS solution phase is
surrounded by an outer organic-rich phase after LLPS for all mixed
particles. The LLPS mechanism for particles with different OIRs is found to
be distinct; meanwhile, multiple mechanisms may dominate successively in
individual particles with a certain OIR, somewhat inconsistently with
previously reported observations. More importantly, another phase separation
in the inner AS solution phase, defined as secondary LLPS here, is observed for
OIR = 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 particles. The secondary LLPS may be attributed to
the formation of more concentrated AS inclusions in the inner phase and
becomes more obvious with decreasing RH and increasing AS mole fraction.
Furthermore, the changes in size and number of AS inclusions during LLPS are
quantitatively characterized, which further illustrate the equilibrium
partitioning process of organic and inorganic components. These experimental
results have significant implications for the revelation of complex phase
transitions of internally mixed atmospheric particles and evaluation of
liquid–liquid and liquid–solid equilibria in thermodynamic models.
The importance of antecedent vegetation and drought conditions as global drivers of burnt area
Authors: Kuhn-Régnier Alexander , Voulgarakis Apostolos , Nowack Peer , Forkel Matthias , Prentice I. Colin , Harrison Sandy P.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The seasonal and longer-term dynamics of fuel accumulation affect fire seasonality and the occurrence of extreme wildfires.
Failure to account for their influence may help to explain why state-of-the-art fire models do not simulate the length and timing of the fire season or interannual variability in burnt area well.
We investigated the impact of accounting for different timescales of fuel production and accumulation on burnt area using a suite of random forest regression models that included the immediate impact of climate, vegetation, and human influences in a given month and tested the impact of various combinations of antecedent conditions in four productivity-related vegetation indices and in antecedent moisture conditions.
Analyses were conducted for the period from 2010 to 2015 inclusive.
Inclusion of antecedent vegetation conditions representing fuel build-up led to an improvement of the global, climatological out-of-sample R2 from 0.579 to 0.701, but the inclusion of antecedent vegetation conditions on timescales ≥ 1 year had no impact on simulated burnt area.
Current moisture levels were the dominant influence on fuel drying.
Additionally, antecedent moisture levels were important for fuel build-up.
The models also enabled the visualisation of interactions between variables, such as the importance of antecedent productivity coupled with instantaneous drying.
The length of the period which needs to be considered varies across biomes; fuel-limited regions are sensitive to antecedent conditions that determine fuel build-up over longer time periods (∼ 4 months), while moisture-limited regions are more sensitive to current conditions that regulate fuel drying.