bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is L1 Transfer Operative at the Syntax-Discourse Interface? The Acquisition of Null and Overt Subjects in L2 Turkish
Authors: ÇINAR Oktay
Published: October 2022

Recent studies on L2 acquisition focus on how interface-related properties are acquired at the end state grammars. Proposed as part of this theme, the Interface Hypothesis (Sorace & Filiaci, 2006; Sorace, 2011) claims that the syntax-discourse interface is particularly challenging to acquire, irrespective of the L1 and L2 of the speakers. On the other hand, the Full Transfer / Full Access Hypothesis (Schwartz & Sprouse, 1996) predicts that L2 acquisition is L1-constrained and UG is directly accessed. This study tests these assumptions on the acquisition of null and overt subjects in L2 Turkish to understand whether L1 transfer operates in the domain that needs the mapping of syntax on the discursive knowledge. This was tested in a study on advanced Korean and Japanese L2 Turkish speakers (n=27) by employing contextualized grammaticality judgment task (CGJT). In this task, participants were asked to judge whether the contextualized sentences they read were pragmatically odd or not (for each condition n=4). The discursive constraints (topic continuity and topic shift) on the use of null and overt subjects were not violated in the first two conditions. However, the latter two conditions violated the discursive constraints, rendering unacceptable null and overt subject constructions. The results of the CGJT revealed that the L2 participants were insensitive to the discourse of null and overt subject distribution. Since the very same constraints that regulate the null and overt subject distribution hold both in the L1 and L2 of the speakers, this finding suggests that L1 transfer is not operative at the syntax-discourse interface, which is in line with the claim that the properties at this interface cannot be fully acquired as postulated by the Interface Hypothesis.
Cinsel Saldırı ve Çocuğun Cinsel İstismarı Sanıklarının Mahkemedeki İletişimsel Amaçları
Authors: TANRIVERE Utku
Published: October 2022

Yasal süreçlerde dil kullanımı, adli dilbilimin en temel inceleme konularından birisi olsa da Türkçe bilimsel yazında bu konuda yapılmış çalışma sayısı oldukça azdır. Bunun bir nedeni adli dilbilimin Türkiye’de henüz kısa bir süredir çalışılması, diğer bir nedeni ise gerçek adli veriye erişimde yaşanılan zorluklardır. Bu çalışma ile Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun 102 ve 103. maddelerinde tanımlı cinsel saldırı ve çocuğun cinsel istismarı suçlamalarıyla yargılanan sanıkların mahkemede vermiş oldukları ifadeler üzerinde altsözce çözümlemesi yapılarak, ifade bölümlerindeki iletişimsel amaçların tespit edilmesi ve bu amaçlara ilişkin nitel bulguların ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmiştir. Açık kaynaktan elde edilen veri üzerinde yakın okuma ile gerçekleştirilen çalışma neticesinde beş farklı altsözcenin varlığı tespit edilmiş; bunlar kabul etme, reddetme, hafifletme, sempati ve suçlama olarak adlandırılmıştır. Altsözcelerin içeriği ve görünümlerine ilişkin bilgiler, bu adları taşıyan başlıklar altında sunulmuştur. Bulguların, gelecekte hem özgül biçimde bu konuda hem de genel olarak (betimleyici) adli dilbilim bağlamında yapılabilecek ileri çalışmalara dair umut verici olduğu görülmüştür.
ОЦІНКА ПРОЗОРОСТІ ТА ВІДКРИТОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ МІСТ
Authors: Ахромкін Євген Михайлович , Кучменко Віталій Олександрович , Заблодська Дар’я Вадимівна
Published: October 2022

A democratic society has to have an access to the public information because it wants to influence the decision of issues directly related to their interests. The issues of openness and transparency have become very relevant for Ukrainian cities due to Ukraine joining the international Open Government Partnership Initiative. This determines the need for constant analytical research and evaluation in order to improve activities in this context. The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of the evaluation of the openness and transparency of the cities of Ukraine before the war. Methods used in the research: survey, quantification, ranking, scoring, etc. The hypothesis of the study was the assumption that the assessment of the openness and transparency of the cities of Ukraine before the war will be significantly different from the assessment in the post-war period, therefore, it is necessary to carry out analytical studies in order to fix it. Presenting main material. The conducted studies of the results of the evaluation of the openness and transparency of the cities of Ukraine before the war allowed us to come to the conclusion that according to the transparency rating, which evaluates the transparency of the activity of city councils in the 100 largest cities of Ukraine and demonstrates the level of implementation of best practices, Mariupol was the leader in 2021.  The accountability rating (to what extent the declared obligations of the city authorities are commensurate with practice) also shows that Mariupol was the best in 2021. According to the results of the ranking of Ukrainian cities according to the level of transparency and openness of data within the City Competitiveness Index, Bakhmut became the best. It has been established that representatives of small businesses demonstrate better awareness of data openness issues than representatives of medium and large businesses. The average assessment of the availability of information about the budget, regulatory acts and public procurement (by size) in points shows that all organizational and legal forms of business have almost equal access to this information, and the best informed about the issues of data openness in Ukrainian cities are representatives of the construction and real estate transactions. The modern time fragment of the "Open Government Partnership" Initiative is defined. The originality and practical significance of the study lies in fixing the evaluation of the openness and transparency of Ukrainian cities in 2021 for comparison with the evaluation after the war. Conclusions. The analysis of the results of the evaluation of the openness and transparency of Ukrainian cities shows that Ukraine has achieved positive results in the context of providing public information to society. Further research consists in evaluating the openness and transparency of Ukrainian cities in the post-war period.
Triterpenos como Inibidores de Fusão: Uma Nova Estratégia no Combate ao Vírus HIV
Authors: De Souza M. V. N. , Gonçalves R. S. B. , Ferreira M. L. , Ventura M. T. , Peralta M. A.
Published: October 2022

A Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (SIDA) é uma das doenças mais assustadoras no mundo. Inúmeros esforços têm sido realizados na descoberta de novos agentes terapêuticos, capazes de combater o VIH-1 (Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana tipo 1). Atualmente, a FDA (Food and Drug Administration) tem aprovado vinte e dois medicamentos anti-SIDA, classificados em quatro categorias; os nucleosídeo-nucleotídeo inibidores da transcriptase reversa (zidovudina, abacavir, lamivudina, estavudina, didadosina, zalcitabina, entricitabina e tenofovir), os não nucleosídeonucleotídeo inibidores da transcriptase reversa (nevirapina, efavirenz e delavirdina), inibidores de protease (saquinavir, ritonavir, lopinavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, tipranavir, fosamprenavir, darunavir e atazanavir) e os inibidores de fusão (enfurvitida). Esta última classe representa uma promissora área de pesquisa, pois previne a entrada do vírus VIH na célula hospedeira, sendo uma importante estratégia no combate ao surgimento de vírus resistentes aos medicamentos comumente utilizados. Devido a importância de estratégias alternativas no combate ao vírus VIH e a relevância dos produtos naturais na descoberta de novos fármacos, esse artigo tem como objetivo apresentar triterpenos antifusão como uma promissora classe de agentes anti-VIH.
Potential Antibacterial of Binahong Leaf Extract Against Bacteria Enterococcus faecalis ATCC® 29212™ (in vitro)
Authors: Nasution Minasari , Ameta Primasari  , Ika Astrina  , Siregar Arfi Luthfiyah
Published: October 2022

Binahong is a plant widely found in Indonesia and has been used for generations, but only by inheritance without much optimal research. Enterococcus faecalis is bacteria that cause many problems in the oral cavity such as periradicular lesion. The purpose of this study was to determine the zone of inhibition, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Binahong leaf extract against bacteria Enterococcus faecalis ATCC® 29212TM concentrations of 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, and 60%, chlorhexidine 0,2% as positive control and DMSO as a negative control. The experimental method used for the research with a post-test only control group design, pure bacteria prepared in the microbiology laboratory, and Binahong leaf extract used in the chemical laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA) at the University of North Sumatera. Five treatments of Binahong leaf extract concentration were tested as samples four times. MBC and MIC measurements of Binahong leaf extract against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC® 29212TM were exchanged for each concentration. Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) and Nutrient Broth incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. The ANOVA test data is analysed, followed by the Post Hoc test. The average inhibition zone of 100% concentration was 14.19 mm, 90% was 12.25 mm, 80% was (10.19 mm), 70% was 8.81 mm, 60% was 0.00 mm, chlorhexidine 0,2% was 20.88 mm, and DMSO was 0.00 m). The conclusion is that the best inhibition zone has a concentration of 100%, MBC was at 100%, and MIC was at 60%.
Photoacoustic F-Mode imaging for scale speciﬁc contrast in biological systems
Authors: Kolios Michael , Moore Michael J. , Hysi Eno , Fadhel Muhannad N. , El-Rass Suzan , Xiao Yongliang
Published: October 2022

In photoacoustic (PA) imaging, time domain reconstruction techniques are the current gold standard for image formation. While these techniques provide high-resolution spatial maps of optical absorption, they neglect the structural information encoded in the frequency domain of the broadband PA signals. In this work, we introduce a frequency domain technique for PA image formation, termed F-Mode. By leveraging information contained in the frequency content of PA signals, F-Mode can be used to generate images with scale-speciﬁc contrast. To demonstrate the robustness of our technique, we apply F-Mode to datasets acquired using both PA tomography and PA microscopy systems, utilizing linear array and singleelement transducers with central frequencies ranging from 40–400MHz. Here we show that the technique can be used to: differentiate between vessels and microspheres of different size in phantoms, enhance visualization of organelles in cultured cells, and selectively display single blood vessels in vivo in zebraﬁsh larvae.
Prospective Study of Attachment as a Predictor of Binge Eating, Emotional Eating and Weight Loss Two Years after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Leung Samantha E. , Wnuk Susan , Cassin Stephanie , Jackson Timothy , Hawa Raed , Sockalingam Sanjeev
Published: October 2022

Bariatric surgery remains the most effective treatment for severe obesity, though post-surgical outcomes are variable with respect to long-term weight loss and eating-related psychopathology. Attachment style is an important variable affecting eating psychopathology among individuals with obesity. To date, studies examining eating psychopathology and attachment style in bariatric surgery populations have been limited to pre-surgery samples and cross-sectional study design. The current prospective study sought to determine whether attachment insecurity is associated with binge eating, emotional eating, and weight loss outcomes at 2-years post-surgery. Patients (n = 108) completed questionnaires on attachment style (ECR-16), binge eating (BES), emotional eating (EES), depression (PHQ-9), and anxiety (GAD-7). Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between attachment insecurity and 2-years post-surgery disordered eating and percent total weight loss. Female gender was found to be a significant predictor of binge eating (p = 0.007) and emotional eating (p = 0.023) at 2-years post-surgery. Avoidant attachment (p = 0.009) was also found to be a significant predictor of binge eating at 2-years post-surgery. To our knowledge, this study is the first to explore attachment style as a predictor of long-term post-operative eating pathology and weight outcomes in bariatric surgery patients. 
Effect of Increasing the Dietary Protein Content of Breakfast on Subjective Appetite, Short-Term Food Intake and Diet-Induced Thermogenesis in Children
Authors: Bellissimo Nick , Fansabedian Tammy , Wong Vincent C.H. , de Zepetnek Julia O. Totosy , Brett Neil R. , Schwartz Alexander , Cassin Stephanie , Suitor Katherine , Rousseau Dérick
Published: October 2022

Dietary protein affects energy balance by decreasing food intake (FI) and increasing energy expenditure through diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) in adults. Our objective was to investigate the effects of increasing the dietary protein in an isocaloric breakfast on subjective appetite, FI, blood glucose, and DIT in 9–14 y children. Two randomized repeated measures designs were used. In experiment 1, 17 children (9 boys, 8 girls) consumed isocaloric meals (450 kcal) on four separate mornings containing: 7 g (control), 15 g (low protein, LP), 30 g (medium protein, MP) or 45 g (high protein, HP) of protein. Blood glucose and subjective appetite were measured at baseline and regular intervals for 4 h, and FI was measured at 4 h. In experiment 2, 9 children (6 boys, 3 girls) consumed the control or HP breakfast on two separate mornings, and both DIT and subjective appetite were determined over 5 h. In experiment 1, all dietary protein treatments suppressed subjective appetite compared to control (p < 0.001), and the HP breakfast suppressed FI compared with the LP breakfast and control (p < 0.05). In experiment 2, DIT was higher after HP than control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, increasing the dietary protein content of breakfast had favorable effects on satiety, FI, and DIT in children. 
Food Addiction Is Associated with Binge Eating and Psychiatric Distress among Post-Operative Bariatric Surgery Patients and May Improve in Response to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Authors: Cassin Stephanie , Leung Samantha E. , Hawa Raed , Wnuk Susan , Jackson Timothy , Sockalingam Sanjeev
Published: October 2022

The current study examined clinical correlates of food addiction among post-operative bariatric surgery patients, compared the clinical characteristics of patients with versus without food addiction, and examined whether a brief telephone-based cognitive behavioural therapy (Tele-CBT) intervention improves food addiction symptomatology among those with food addiction. Participants (N = 100) completed measures of food addiction, binge eating, depression, and anxiety 1 year following bariatric surgery, were randomized to receive either Tele-CBT or standard bariatric post-operative care, and then, repeated the measure of food addiction at 1.25 and 1.5 years following surgery. Thirteen percent of patients exceeded the cut-off for food addiction at 1 year post-surgery, and this subgroup of patients reported greater binge eating characteristics and psychiatric distress compared to patients without food addiction. Among those with food addiction, Tele-CBT was found to improve food addiction symptomatology immediately following the intervention. These preliminary findings suggest that Tele-CBT may be helpful, at least in the short term, in improving food addiction symptomatology among some patients who do not experience remission of food addiction following bariatric surgery; however, these findings require replication in a larger sample. 
Median lethal Dose and Acute Toxicity of Rosa canina L: In-Vivo Study
Authors: Zaman Mahmood Jasim  , Ghaith Ali Jasim  , Ibrahim Saleh Abbas
Published: October 2022

Rosa canina belongs to rosacea family. Rosa. canina has a high concentration of phyto-constituents such as flavonoids, carotenoids, triterpene and vitamins as vitamin C, E, and A Rosa canina have an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant

 

effects. The antioxidant effect belongs to presence of large quantities of phytochemicals such as flavonoids and polyphenols. Rosa canina has been used for arthritis gout, osteoarthritis, urinary tract disorder, diabetes, inflammation and cancer. After grinding the leaves of Rosa canina, they are extracted by using ethanol solvent (cold extraction method), then the extract concentrated by rotary evaporator at 40 c° and leaving it to dry.   Median lethal dose (LD50) has been examined on 84 mice (male and female) divided into seven groups, each one contains 12 (6 male and 6 female). The animals were monitored for signs and any behavior changes after administration of Rosa canina ethanol extract. Acute toxicity study was done on 20 rats (male and female for fourteen days. The weight of animals was taken at day 0, 7, and 14. At day fourteen, relative organ weight as well as histopathological examination for (heart, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, abdominal stomach, testes and ovaries) were taken. In addition to the serum biochemical tests for) blood glucose, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST and total bilirubin (were done at day fourteen. The result of this study, indicated that lethal dose 50 was 16.527 gram/kilogram. Acute toxicity study, revealed that there is no significant difference between relative organ weight of controlled and treated groups for all organs that were selected and mentioned above. In addition, there is no significant difference between serum biochemical tests for both controlled and treated groups. Finally, no changes have been found between controlled and treated groups regarding histopathology examination due to the p value was P ˃ 0.05.

Conclusion

According to the presented study, ethanol extract of Rosa canina showed wide range of safety depending on the result of lethal dose 50h (16.527 g/kg). Therefore, the extract considered nontoxic. No cytotoxic effect appeared by using ethanol extract of Rosa canina in acute toxicity study. This belongs to the results obtained, which include no significant difference between control and treated male and female rats in biochemistry tests and histopathological examination.
PERSONAL DATA AS A CIVIL LAW CATEGORY
Authors: РУЗАНОВА Валентина Дмитриевна
Published: October 2022

In the context of the development of information technologies, there is an urgent need to strengthen the protection of personal data, including by actively involving them in the sphere of civil law regulation and by expanding the application of the private law enforcement mechanism. Purpose: to substantiate the possibility of legal recognition of personal data as a civil law category and to identify the main directions of the legislation development in this area. Methods: methods of comparison, description, interpretation, formal and dialectical logic, legal-dogmatic and the method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: the research gives an opportunity to reveal the characteristics of personal data, which allow legally recognizing them as intangible benefits, acting as objects of civil rights; to establish the ratio of the right of a citizen to the protection of personal data and his right to privacy as independent, but intersecting concepts; to substantiate the role of the Federal Law «On Personal Data» as a law determining the basic conceptual apparatus in the field of personal data; to propose a conceptual approach to the formation of the legal regime of personal data by identifying general provisions and establishing specific legal regimes.
GAPS IN THE LEGAL REGULATION OF EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS IN THE INVESTIGATIVE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: ГОЛЬЦОВ Владимир Борисович , ГОЛОВАНОВ Николай Михайлович , ИГБАЕВА Гузель Римовна
Published: October 2022

The article considers the terminology used while regulating employment relations in the bodies of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the fact that these relations have a significant specificity, which should be taken into account, but is not always taken into account when issuing departmental normative legal acts of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. The article offers options of elimination of existing shortcomings in the use of terms «worker», «employee» in relation to the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. Purpose: to identify gaps in the legal regulation of employment relations in the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. Methods: the authors apply empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; specific scientific methods: legal-dogmatic and interpretation of legal norms. Results: the study reveals the dual nature of employment relations in the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. The features of regulating the legal status of a staff member of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation and the content of his professional activities make it possible to identify gaps in the legal technique and legal language of the normative legal acts of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation.
THE CONCEPT OF A CRIMINAL OFFENSE IN THE LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: СЕЙТЕНОВ Калиолла Кабаевич
Published: October 2022

The concept of «criminal offense» occupies an important place in the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The relevance and necessity of solving this issue is indicated in the Concept of Legal Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2030. At the same time, an analysis should be carried out from the practice of criminal proceedings in the countries of the world whose criminal legislation contains this legal category. In the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, there are definitions of «criminal misdeed» and «criminal act», but there is no definition of «criminal offense», which is important for the doctrine of criminal law and the practice of applying criminal legislation. The purpose of this article is to present the author's concept of the need for an analysis and legislative consolidation of the concept of «criminal offense» in the criminal law of the Republic of Kazakhstan and to define its features. The scientific novelty of the article is determined by a fundamentally new approach to the identification of signs of a criminal offense and its formulation in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article uses general scientific and specific scientific methods of research, in particular, methods of historical and comparative legal analysis. The object of the study is the social relations arising within the framework of the institution of a criminal offense, and the subject is the rules of criminal law governing the legal nature of the institution of a criminal offense. Results: 1) in the criminal legislation of Kazakhstan, the most important and basic is the institution of a criminal offense, there are theoretical approaches to the concept of a criminal offense, while there is no legislative definition of it; 2) the concept of a criminal offense and the definition of its signs are of crucial importance for the practice of applying the criminal law and regulatory decisions of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan, it is essential that this concept be enshrined in law, which corresponds to the implementation of the country’s main criminal policy.
Hate in the service of love: the negative therapeutic reaction revisited in couple therapy
Authors: Poulton James , Hassin Sefi
Published: October 2022

For many years, the negative therapeutic reaction (NTR) was regarded as a form of resistance arising solely in individual psychoanalytic treatment. The possibility, however, that the NTR may also appear in couples has recently emerged as worthy of exploration. After presenting a case in which NTR dynamics predominate, and reviewing analytic literature about the NTR, the authors propose a conceptualisation of a couple-based form of the NTR that relies upon both paradoxical motivations and paradoxical uses of projective and introjective identification. The countertransference reactions these couples tend to induce in therapists will also be explored, and methods for their management will be suggested.
Atypical Features of Chikungunya Infection
Authors: Dutta Pradip Kumar , Dutta Arup , Rashid Md Mamunur , Dutta Sudipa
Published: October 2022

Typical chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection results in an acute febrile illness characterized by fever, severe joint pain and rash. Although chikungunya is generally not considered life threatening, atypical clinical manifestations resulting in significant morbidity have been documented, especially during epidemics. Our review is intended to elicit clinicians awareness of the atypical and severe forms of the disease in our region, as a way to potentially improve the outcomes of such life-threatening conditions.

JCMCTA 2017 ; 28 (1) : 3 - 7
Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis: Case Report on a Rare Genetic Disease
Authors: Chowdhury Goutam , Kayasthagir Pradip Kumar , Chowdhury Abhijit
Published: October 2022

Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare inborn progressive lipid storage disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance pattern.The multisystem disease causes decreased bile acid synthesis alongside cholesterol and cholestanol deposition in various tissue sites. This case report focuses on describing a middle-aged Bangladeshi male patient presented chiefly with neurological symptoms of CTX who received treatment with Chenodeoxycholic Acid (CDCA.

JCMCTA 2017 ; 28 (1) : 72 - 75
The Impact of Brand Experience on Brand Engagement with Meditating Role of Brand Love and Brand Trust
Authors: Valikchali Morteza Asghari
Published: October 2022

The present study aims to investigate the impact of brand experience on brand engagement with mediating role of brand love and brand trust. Within the literature, there have been a select few studies that have focused on these factors in case of Bank Melli Iran. To this end, a case study approach was utilized in which 384 customers of Bank Melli Iran in Sari (both male and female) were selected based on available non-random sampling method and the formula of Cochran to participate in this study. Data collection method was library and field type. In the field method, we used the standard questionnaire. To evaluate the validity while using content validity, structural validity (convergent, divergent validity and composite reliability) was also used. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by Cronbach's alpha test. The results of convergent, divergent and composite reliability studies showed a good fit of measurement models, and also the results of Cronbach's alpha study showed a good reliability of each variable. After ensuring the validity and reliability of the research questionnaire, the final data collection was performed and the results were analyzed using structural equation modeling under partial least squares (PLS). Finally, the results showed that brand experience, both directly and indirectly, mediated by brand love and brand trust, has a positive effect on brand engagement.
Motivation and Work Engagement of the Millennials in the Workplace: Youkang Company Experience
Authors: Yu Xianglan
Published: October 2022

Organizations today are increasingly having a bigger proportion of millennial employees as part of their workforce. To be among others, millennial employees are competitive, civic-minded, open-minded on diversity, and achievement-oriented. They seek challenge, growth, and development; a fun work life and work-life balance. Like other generations, millennial employees need to be managed and motivated towards higher levels of performance and productivity. This research aimed to determine the relationship between the level of motivation and the level of work engagement of the employees of Youkang Company. This study used a descriptive correlational survey to collect data, with 79 millennials in the Youkang company as participants. In addition, the researcher conducted informal interviews with millennials in the Youkng company. Weighted mean, T-test and Pearson's test are some of the statistics techniques employed. Through general findings of the study, more opportunities for interaction, design more training activities, develop a reward and recognition program, regularly provide positive feedback, continuously improve the work environment and considering the model of motivation and work engagement in designing future employee programs are recommended.
HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS VAGINAL BIRTH AFTER CESAREAN SECTION; İSTANBUL EXAMPLE
Authors: MAMUK Rojjin , YILMAZ ESENCAN Tuğba
Published: October 2022

Rapidly increasing cesarean birth rates around the world continue to cause concern. Repeated cesarean sections are the most important causes of this increase. Vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) is a good solution, but is not used widely enough in clinical practice. This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to determine the attitudes of healthcare professionals towards VBAC and the factors that affect them. The study was conducted at a maternity hospital in Istanbul and sample included 254 healthcare professionals. The data were collected using a personal information form and the VBAC Attitudes Form. Percentages, means, Pearson’s chi-squared test, the Kruskal-Wallis H test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used. The threshold for statistical significance was p
Field performance of progenies of Pinus radiata selected for resistance to Diplodia-associated shoot dieback
Authors: Burdon Rowland D. , Low Charles B.
Published: October 2022

Background: A severe outbreak of Diplodia-associated dieback of Pinus radiata D.Don shoots in 1967 prompted a pilot programme of selection for resistance to dieback. Plus trees were selected in 1970 for absence of dieback, growth and tree form, and seed collected.
Methods: Twenty open-pollinated progenies plus two control lots were field-tested on two sites, and assessed around 6.5 years after planting. Alternative measures of shoot dieback were recorded, as were dbhob and scores for growth and form variables. Data were analysed for seedlot differences, heritability estimates and various genetic correlations.
Results: Dieback at one site allowed good resolution of progeny differences, whatever the dieback measure. Remarkably, no response to field selection for resistance was evident, unlike in a glasshouse inoculation trial. Nor did progeny rankings correlate with those in the inoculation trial. Between the trial sites no clear seedlot rank changes were evident for any trait.
Conclusions: The disparity with results from the inoculation trial is unexplained, although a role of endophyte status is postulated. Together with non-recurrence of past dieback outbreaks, the disparity means that selection for field resistance is not promising.
Real-World Registry Study Confirms Fondaparinux Over Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for NSTEMI
Authors: Jernberg Tomas , Szummer Karolina
Published: October 2022

The pivotal Fifth Organization to Assess Strategies in Acute Ischemic Syndromes (OASIS-5) trial demonstrated that fondaparinux was non-inferior to enoxaparin in reducing ischaemic outcomes in patients with a non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). However, fondaparinux was associated with a lower number of patients experiencing major bleeding events. Based on these results suggesting a better benefit-to-risk ratio over enoxaparin, the European Society of Cardiology recommended fondaparinux as the first-line anticoagulation therapy in patients with an NSTEMI in 2007. A registry study conducted in Sweden provides real-life clinical data and confirms the clinical relevance of fondaparinux use over low-molecular-weight heparin in routine clinical care. This article aims to review the place of fondaparinux in acute coronary syndrome patients, and to provide an analysis of clinical trial data along with real-life data.
The Fontan Circulation
Authors: Sathananthan Gnalini , Lowe Boris S. , Hornung Tim S.
Published: October 2022

The original Fontan procedure was first introduced in the 1970s. The concept behind this surgical technique was revolutionary. It has subsequently transformed the lives of children born with complex congenital heart disease which was once thought to be inoperable and resulted in early death. The procedure itself has had several modifications over the decades, with subsequent improvements in long-term outcomes for these patients. Fontan patients are now surviving well into adulthood and the majority are able to live wholesome fulfilling lives. There are, however, a small proportion who are faced with the negative long-term physiological effects of this unconventional circulation. Early detection and management of these patients is the key to their long-term survival.
Main results of observations of changes in bottom biota and ichthyofauna of the Large Aral Sea in the period 2002–2017
Authors: Sapozhnikov Philipp V. , Kalinina Olga Yu.
Published: October 2022

undergone significant metamorphism of the water area, the level of total mineralization of water in various parts of it, the coastline, the composition of bottom sediments and the bottom surface – and the biota inhabiting it. The investigations carried out on the material of the IORAN expeditions made it possible to trace the main changes in the bottom biota and ichthyofauna of the Large Aral Sea during the stage of ultragalinization of waters (the process of steady salting, which continues beyond the ultra-galaline physiological barrier of 75 ppt), during the stage of changes from 2002 to 2017. The last species of fish (Caspian aterin Atherina boyeri caspia and Black Sea plaice Platichthys flesus luscus), and mollusks (Syndosmya segmentum) inhabiting the Large Sea disappeared by 2004, with an increase in total mineralization in shallows above 90 ppt. Of the representatives of the bottom macrofauna, by 2015 only the larvae of the chaeronids Baeotendipes noctivaga have survived, from the pelagic-bottom by 2017, the crustacean Artemia parthenogenetica. The most diverse group of organisms
inhabiting the ultra-galaline Aral during the studied stage were bottom microphytes (mainly diatoms and cyanoprokaryotes): in the newly formed biotopes stable associations of these creatures were formed, some of which were preserved in the Aral Sea, adapting to an extremely changing environment, others were planted, despite the growth of mineralization, and the third gradually died out. Against the background of the general growth trend of mineralization, it was possible to distinguish between the main formations of bottom microphyte cenoses.
The transport and accumulation processes of the anthropogenic radionuclides in the Black Sea
Authors: Esin Nikolay V. , Krylenko Vyacheslav V.
Published: October 2022

The mechanism of transport and accumulation of anthropogenic radionuclides (137Cs) in the Black Sea is analyzed on the basis of data obtained within the framework of the IAEA international project RER/2/003. The features of the sedimentation of the contaminated suspended matter to the shelf, the continental slope and the abyssal plain. The estimation of the value of 137Cs accumulated on different parts of the sea bottom is given. On the example of transport and sedimentation patterns of radionuclides, analogies with a similar process in passive suspensions entering the sea are carried out. The influence of extreme natural phenomena on the described processes is noted.
The Digital Humanities as a Framework for Refining and Retooling the Humanities in Africa: A Case Study of the University of Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Ope-Davies Tunde
Published: October 2022

This study argues that, potentially, digital humanities (DH), though an emerging research and disciplinary orientation, has the capacity to refine and retool the humanities and liberal arts. Beginning with some theoretical issues in DH, still in its infancy in Africa, the study focuses on the activities at the Centre for Digital Humanities, University of Lagos (CEDHUL) as a case study. The methodology adopted included eliciting relevant data from some of the ongoing DH projects at the Centre. In the discussion section, I demonstrate the use of some digital tools such as SketchEngine, 1 MAXQDA 2 Voyant Tools 3 and AntConc 4 in some discourse-based projects. The study submits that, with the deployment of digital tools for research projects and the sustenance of capacity programmes such as the Lagos Summer School in Digital Humanities (LSSDH), the prospects of DH in Africa offer rewarding possibilities for retooling humanities disciplines in different regions on the continent. Our DH works also offer some fresh perspectives and understanding of underexplored and understudied social data in Africa.
Central Baykal Crustal Earthquakes Location Method
Authors: Belyashov A. V. , Tubanov Ts. A.
Published: October 2022

Some methodological issues of the improved location of local earthquakes, recorded by the Baykal seismic network, are considered. Hypocenter location improvement is performed by combination of widely used techniques into the integrated technological line, moreover some of these techniques will be used in their new capacity. For example, for the first time for the Baykal area in the Hypoellipse software the following parameters, obtained from Wadati diagrams, will be used: origin time (To), defined with the peak determination factor, is to apply as an objective measure of the location accuracy; Vp/Vs ratio - as a fixed for each of the stations input parameter. In addition, to calculate the travel times in Hypoellipse software a multi-component velocity model (as equivalent of 3D model) have been used also for the first time for the area of investigations.
Seasonal influence of temperature on changes in the frequencies of standing waves of structures according to seismic observations
Authors: Gromyko P. V. , Seleznev V. S. , Liseikin A. V.
Published: October 2022

Buildings and structures are objects of increased responsibility. Under certain conditions, they are subject to negative impacts caused by the impact of various natural and man-made factors on them. It is necessary to monitor both the technical condition of the object and the dynamic influences acting on it, possibly carrying danger both for the structure and for its parts. SEF USGS RAS has developed a method for continuous monitoring of the physical condition of structures, which allows determining the values of natural frequencies of structures from records of a continuously recording seismic station and, if significant deviations from their initial values are detected, drawing conclusions about the condition of structures. reasons for changing the dynamic state of the structure. This study will show the results of such work within the framework of the infrastructure of the Akademgorodok of Novosibirsk, where the results of observations of the natural oscillation frequencies of several residential buildings are presented. During the observations, the influence of external temperature on them was revealed - an increase in ambient temperature leads to an increase in the values of the frequency of natural oscillations, and a decrease in temperature leads to a decrease in values. The greatest change in the frequency of natural vibrations of buildings occurs in summer, at temperatures above 30 degrees C, when there is a great contrast between daytime and nighttime temperatures.
On the resonance effect in the building from an industrial installation
Authors: Kokovkin I. V. , Seleznev V. S.
Published: October 2022

For the long-term operation of buildings and structures, their technical control is necessary, due to the influence of various factors, both natural and man-made. This work is aimed at developing ways to control the state of a residential building, by monitoring based on the study of the natural frequencies. The work used seismological data obtained on a ten-story building located in the Novosibirsk Academgorodok, determined the first three vibration modes and their frequencies. The imposition of a monochromatic signal from the operation of a large industrial compressor located a kilometer from the building on one of its natural frequencies was revealed. The possibility of the building entering resonance is estimated. Despite the fact that the resonant oscillations observed in this case are not so significant in amplitude, it is necessary to monitor such influences to prevent possible damage.
The Kaiser effect in sedimentary rocks on the example of deposits of the Vertoletnaya area in Tomsk region
Authors: Tsvetkov S. S. , Kolesnikov Yu. I. , Zharasbaeva D. K.
Published: October 2022

The acoustic emission memory effect (Kaiser effect) discovered in 1953 by the German scientist Joseph Kaiser is widely used as one of the methods of non-destructive testing of materials. In addition, according to acoustic emission data, it is possible to estimate the level of stresses experienced by rocks in reservoir conditions. In this paper, we consider the results of recording acoustic emission in sedimentary rock samples from the Mesozoic part of the section of Western Siberia. The studying features of the manifestation of acoustic emission signals was carried out on the main lithological varieties (medium-grained sandstone, mudstone, siltstone, sandstone with carbonate cement). In total, 43 samples were analyzed under uniaxial loading and 1 sample under pseudo-triaxial loading. The results of the study are graphs of the dependence of the total number of acoustic emission signals from the stress. The dependence of the number of acoustic emission signals on the group of sedimentary rocks is determined.
Sintering simulation of the yttrium oxide with a large number of grains using the phase-field method
Authors: Prokhorov D. I. , Bazaikin Ya. V. , Lisitsa V. V.
Published: October 2022

Computer simulation of the sintering process makes it possible to study the internal properties of the sample, the measurement of which by chemical or physical methods can be difficult and expensive. The interest in studying the properties of yttrium oxide is caused by the fact that it can be used to deactivate sorbents from calcium oxide, which are used to absorb carbon dioxide. The most promising approach to sintering modeling is the phase-field method. However, when using this method, with an increase in the number of grains in the sample, the requirements for computing resources significantly increase. Therefore, when studying the properties of large samples of yttrium oxide, a special approach to the implementation of the phase-field method is necessary. The paper describes an algorithm that allows tracking individual grains to reduce computational effort and shows the possibility of modeling the sintering of samples consisting of 8000 grains.
Calculation of Effective Electrophysical Properties of Asphalt Concrete Layer in Order to Assess Its Qualitative Composition
Authors: Shtabel N. V. , Shtanko E. I. , Dobrolubova D. V.
Published: October 2022

The development of a non-contact technique for the road surface quality control without extracting samples for analysis is an extremely urgent task. The paper proposes to evaluate the influence of the granulometric composition of the road surface sample on its effective electromagnetic properties. This will make it possible to assess the thickness and actual content of the paved surface according to the data of non-contact measurements. It will be possible to obtain the functional relationships between the measured effective values (dielectric permeability and/or electrical resistance) and the qualitative composition of the numerically studied samples of the road surface, considered at this stage as a homogeneous medium with characteristic effective electromagnetic properties. Mathematical modeling of the samples considering their heterogeneous internal structure is performed by the vector method of finite elements. The effective properties of the medium are determined by direct modeling in a three-dimensional calculation domain approximated by its internal geometry and physical properties to the asphalt concrete sample.
Interactive software for processing and modeling oil well resistivity logs as part of a two-dimensional interpretation approach
Authors: Asanov O. O. , Petrov A. M. , Nechaev O. V. , Danilovskiy K. N.
Published: October 2022

Resistivity well logging is widely used to identify reservoir rocks and evaluate their oil potential. However, the integral nature of the rock response to the field excited by the logging tool leads to the fact that the tool signal opposite the target formation is influenced by a well filled with drilling fluid, overlying sediments, drilling fluid filtrate invasion into the formation, etc. Today's widespread methods of resistivity logs interpretation are based on excessive simplifications, which in complex conditions leads to errors in determining the oil saturation coefficient of the target reservoir, costs of testing water-saturated intervals and missing the potentially promising reservoirs. The paper presents the results of developing new interactive software for working with well logging data and geoelectric model of the environment, focused on a 2D approach to interpreting resistivity logs. The use of a 2D axisymmetric geoelectric model of the medium as a base allows one to correctly take into account the above factors when interpreting practical data. Original realization of user interaction with geoelectric model of near-wellbore space takes into account the features of 2D approach to resistivity logs interpretation and provides convenience of work with multilayer models. The computing server AlondraCore integrated with the software supports resistivity logs simulation using two types of forward problem solvers: high-precision finite-element and fast neural network-based ones. The finite-element algorithms provide high log simulation accuracy with the ability to adjust the tool parameters. On the other hand, the neural network-based algorithms provide fast solution of forward problems for common logging tools.
Application of asymptotic solution of Helmholtz equation in Full Waveform Inversion
Authors: Gadylshin K. G. , Neklyudov D. A. , Protasov M. I.
Published: October 2022

This study considers the Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) method based on the asymptotic solution of the Helmholtz equation. We provide frequency-dependent ray tracing to get the wavefield used to compute the FWI gradient and calculate the modelled data. With a comparable quality of the inverse problem solution as applied to the standard finite-difference approach, the speed of calculations in the asymptotic method is an order of magnitude higher. A series of numerical experiments demonstrate the approach's effectiveness in reconstructing the macro velocity structure of complex media for low frequencies.
Modeling of unsteady flows of multiphase viscous fluid in a pore space
Authors: Gondyul Е. А. , Lisitsa V. V.
Published: October 2022

The authors have developed and implemented a numerical algorithm to model unsteady flows of a viscous multiphase isothermal fluid by finite difference method using the projection method for the numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equation. The projection method implies splitting the initial system of equations by physical processes, in which convective transport and the effect of the pressure gradient are separately taken into account. As a result, at each step, it is necessary to solve the Poisson equation to find the pressure field. The solution of SLAE is performed by a parallel direct solver based on LU decomposition. An explicit scheme is used to solve the Cahn-Hilliard equation to update the phase field, the parameter of which is taken into account when adding surface forces to the Navier-Stokes equation. Computational experiments showing qualitative and quantitative agreement with experimental and numerical data from the literature are presented.