bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Citric acid-assisted synthesis of FeFe(CN)6 with reduced defects and high specific surface area for aqueous zinc–sodium hybrid batteries
Authors: Yang Chaoqiao , Zhao Ya , Fan Jiaxin , Li Lin , Zhou Jinxia , Wang Keliang , Lu Fenglian , Sun Hongmei
Published: June 2024

With citric acid as an additive, low-defect C-FeFe(CN)6 with small grain size and high specific surface area was successfully prepared using a controlled crystallization method.
Enhancing the high-temperature energy storage properties of PEI dielectrics by constructing trap-rich covalently cross-linked networks via POSS-functionalized BNNS
Authors: Zhou Yijie , Zhang Zongwu , Tang Qiufan , Ma Xiaoyan , Hou Xiao
Published: June 2024

The covalent crosslinked network constructed by BNNS@POSS in PEI achieves co-regulation of interfaces and traps, balances the dielectric constant and breakdown strength, and improves the energy density and charging/discharging efficiency of PEI.
Revealing the full potential of CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells: advancements towards enhanced performance
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Ismail , Shahiduzzaman Md. , Rafij Junayed Hossain , Tamang Asman , Akhtaruzzaman Md. , Hamad Almohamadi , Uddin Jamal , Amin Nowshad , Nunzi Jean-Michel , Taima Tetsuya
Published: June 2024

Cesium lead iodide bromide (CsPbIBr2) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have improved stability compared to other perovskite compositions.
The anti-correlation effect of alkyl chain size on the photovoltaic performance of centrally extended non-fullerene acceptors
Authors: Duan Tainan , Wang Jia , Zuo Xiaochan , Bi Xingqi , Zhong Cheng , Li Yulu , Long Yuhong , Tu Kaihuai , Zhang Weichao , Yang Ke , Zhou Huiqiong , Wan Xiangjian , Zhao Yan , Kan Bin , Chen Yongsheng
Published: June 2024

Contrary to previous results, a unique anti-correlation effect of alkyl chain size on the photovoltaic performance of acceptors was observed.
Synergizing ICP-MS, STEM-EDXS, and SMPS single particle analytics exemplified by superlattice L10 Pt/Fe aerosol nanoparticles produced by spark ablation
Authors: Olszok Vinzent , Rembe Philipp , Grieb Tim , Wijeyeratnam Eshan J. , Rosenauer Andreas , Weber Alfred P.
Published: June 2024

Spark ablation was used to continuously synthesize bimetallic L10 Pt/Fe nanoparticles in an aerosol process involving a furnace and hydrogen as a reducing process gas.
Methylene blue removal using a nanomagnetic support: a response surface approach
Authors: do Nascimento Moraes Calazans Thais Ribeiro , Lima Barizão Ana Carolina de , de Andrade Silva Thais , Campos Fabiana Vasconcelos , Cassini Sérvio Tulio Alves , Nardy Ribeiro Araceli Veronica Flores , de Godoi Pereira Madson , Cunegundes Guimarães Marco Cesar , de Oliveira Jairo Pinto , Ribeiro Joselito Nardy
Published: June 2024

Textile wastewater is commonly released into water bodies without appropriated treatment, resulting in environmental damages.
Cesium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals synthesized via supersaturated recrystallization at room temperature: comparison of one-step and two-step processes
Authors: Idosa Dula Adugna , Abebe Mulualem , Mani Dhakshnamoorthy , Paduvilan Jibin Keloth , Thottathi Lishin , Thankappan Aparna , Thomas Sabu , Kim Jung Yong
Published: June 2024

Over more than a decade, lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have been popular as a next-generation semiconductor for optoelectronics.
Bubbling resilient 3D free-standing nanoporous graphene with an encapsulated multicomponent nano-alloy for enhanced electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhu Linshan , Li Qingqing , Hu Yixuan , Wu Xin , Reddy Kolan Madhav , Li Kaikai , Xie Guoqiang , Liu Xingjun , Qiu Hua-Jun
Published: June 2024

A two-step dealloying combined with CVD method was designed to prepare a multicomponent nanoalloy encapsulated in a free-standing nanotubular graphene network, which make the catalyst highly durable even under strong bubbling conditions.
Construction of fully π-conjugated, diyne-linked conjugated microporous polymers based on tetraphenylethene and dibenzo[g,p]chrysene units for energy storage
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Gamal , Sharma Santosh U. , Wang Pei-Tzu , Ibrahim Mervat , Lin Meng-Hao , Liu Cheng-Liang , Ejaz Mohsin , Yen Hung-Ju , Kuo Shiao-Wei
Published: June 2024

Using a palladium-catalyzed alkyne–alkyne coupling reaction, we successfully synthesized a TPE-Diyne CMP as an organic electrode for supercapacitor applications.
Utilizing an electrolyte additive to modulate interfaces and enhance anode discharge performance in aqueous magnesium–air batteries
Authors: Jianchun Sha , Xue Li , Zhoulin Liu , Jiaxin Bao , Lianhui Li , Jie Tian , Yiqiang Yang , Weilong Chen , Wenhong Liu , Zhiqiang Zhang
Published: June 2024

Aqueous Mg–air batteries possess tremendous potential for future energy storage applications owing to their inherent advantages in terms of safety and cost-effectiveness.
Photocatalyzed sulfoximination/amidation of (Het)arylethenes tethered N-tosyl amide: a versatile entry to sulfoximidoyl β- and γ-lactams
Authors: Li Chengtan , Yang Yuming , Zheng Xiaolan , Zhang Cairong , Cai Hui , Lin Weilong
Published: June 2024

Lactamization through C–N bond formation between CC and amide motifs enables access to various sulfoximidoyl lactams via a 1,2-diamination process.
Photo-induced synthesis of fluoroalkylated quinolinones via an iron-catalyzed LMCT decarboxylation process
Authors: Song Zhuoheng , Guo Lin , Yang Chao , Xia Wujiong
Published: June 2024

A general synthesis of fluoroalkylated quinolone compounds using a visible-light-induced iron catalyzed LMCT method is reported herein.
One-pot multistep synthesis of 1-fluoroalkylisoquinolines and fused fluoroalkylpyridines from N-fluoroalkyl-1,2,3-triazoles
Authors: Kubíčková Anna , Voltrová Svatava , Kleman Adam , Klepetářová Blanka , Beier Petr
Published: June 2024

Microwave heating of N-fluoroalkyl-1,2,3-triazoles proceeding via ketenimines and difluoroazadienes provided 1-fluoroalkyl-3-fluoroisoquinolines.
Structural features of biobased composite foams revealed by X-ray tomography
Authors: Morankar Swapnil , Mort Rebecca , Curtzwiler Greg , Vorst Keith , Jiang Shan , Chawla Nikhilesh
Published: June 2024

X-ray tomography reveals the heterogeneous and complex internal structures of biobased polymer foams, which are correlated with their mechanical properties.
Palladium(ii), platinum(ii), and silver(i) complexes with 3-acetylcoumarin benzoylhydrazone Schiff base: Synthesis, characterization, biomolecular interactions, cytotoxic activity, and computational studies
Authors: Elsayed Shadia A. , Elnabky Islam M. , Aboelnga Mohamed M. , El-Hendawy Ahmed M.
Published: June 2024

New Pd(ii), Pt(ii), and Ag(i) of 3-acetylcoumarin benzoylhydrazone Schiff base were synthesized and characterized. Their anticancer activity, interaction with biomolecules, and molecular docking have been evaluated.
Development of spray pyrolysis-synthesised Bi2O3 thin films for photocatalytic applications
Authors: Sydorenko Jekaterina , Krunks Malle , Katerski Atanas , Grzibovskis Raitis , Vembris Aivars , Mere Arvo , Spalatu Nicolae , Acik Ilona Oja
Published: June 2024

The deposition of Bi2O3 thin films and the photocatalytic efficiency of the obtained films.
Efficient hydroxyl radical generation of an activatable phthalocyanine photosensitizer: oligomer higher than monomer and nanoaggregate
Authors: Li Li , Liao Yalan , Fu Shuwen , Chen Zixuan , Zhao Tinghe , Fang Luyue , Li Xingshu
Published: June 2024

An oligomer model based on an activatable photosensitizer was constructed using an intelligent molecular design and supramolecular regulation strategy and demonstrated enhanced ˙OH generation compared to the model of monomer and nanoaggregate.
A multi-resonance emitter with five-membered thiophene as the π-core enables efficient, narrowband and reduced efficiency roll-off OLEDs
Authors: Li Linjie , Li Jiaqi , Guo Lixiao , Xu Yincai , Bi Yifan , Pu Yexuan , Zheng Pingping , Chen Xian-Kai , Wang Yue , Li Chenglong
Published: June 2024

A multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter with five-membered thiophene as the π-core is first developed. The corresponding OLEDs exhibit high efficiency, narrowband emission and reduced efficiency roll-off simultaneously.
Manipulation of Cs0.1FA0.9PbI3 crystallization behavior towards efficient carbon-based printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells
Authors: Wang Jinjiang , Wang Dongjie , Zhang Yang , Chen Yiwen , Huang Tianhuan , Zhu Wending , Zhang Zheling , Huang Yu , Xiong Jian , Xiang Dinghan , Zhang Jian
Published: June 2024

High-efficiency MPSCs with a PCE of 18.06% were prepared by introducing PACl to manipulate perovskite crystallization in a triple-mesoporous structure.
Structural stabilities, electronic structures, and superconductivity properties of GexS1−x compounds under high pressure
Authors: Sun Yibo , Cao Bohan , Wang Xinwei , Chen Jiajin , Duan Defang , Tian Fubo , Cui Tian
Published: June 2024

The figure illustrates our main findings of GexS1−x compounds with the phase transition and ground states of GexS1−x compounds under a pressure of 0–130 GPa.
A Keggin-based hybrid solid emerged as a promising candidate for CO2-mediated photocatalytic N-formylation of amines
Authors: Sood Parul , Bhatt Sakshi , Bagdwal Harshita , Joshi Arti , Singh Ashi , Jain Suman L. , Monika Singh
Published: June 2024

Activity of Keggin cluster based solids (C5H7N2)5[CuW12O40] (PS-97), for efficient photocatalytic N-formylation of various substituted anilines and morpholine with CO2.
Recent progress in layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries: stability, phase transition and solutions
Authors: Chen Xiaoqin , Wang Chenkai , Zhao Yu , Wang Yongxin , Yin Xiaoju , Zhang Naiqing
Published: June 2024

Due to their cost efficiency and the sustainable availability of sodium resources, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as an economical alternative or additional choice to the well-established lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), particularly within extensive energy storing configurations.
An all-in-one aPAN/MXene@Ag–Ag2S nanofibrous aerogel for efficient oil/water separation, solar interfacial evaporation and photocatalytic degradation of high-concentration dyes
Authors: Wulayimujiang Busaremu , Guo Fang , Ma Qianyu , Wen Yong , Yang Yang , Huang Hongyan , Xie Quanpei , Shen Meng , Liu Jinxin , Cheng Si
Published: June 2024

An ‘all-in-one’ aPAN/MXene@Ag–Ag2S aerogel with combined oil/water separation, solar interfacial evaporation, and photodegradation capacities was developed for efficiently purifying high-concentration dyeing effluents under natural sunlight.
Interrogating the CISS effect in chiral and paramagnetic organic radicals: the impact of the molecular spin over the total spin polarization
Authors: De Sousa J. Alejandro , Mayorga-Burrezo Paula , Míguez-Lago Sandra , Catalán-Toledo José , Ramos-Tomás Raúl , Ortuño Ana , Zotti Linda A. , Palacios Juan José , Campaña Araceli G. , Veciana Jaume , Crivillers Núria
Published: June 2024

Enantioenriched PTM radical self-assembled monolayers on gold/nickel are prepared. Their spin filtering ability is not observed experimentally. The lack of CISS observation is explained by DFT quantum transport calculations.
Battery waste-derived functional materials for the capture and removal of harmful gases
Authors: Gupta Nishesh Kumar
Published: June 2024

The waste-to-wealth concept of utilizing battery-waste derived functional materials in toxic gas removal application.
Finite‐time control for a quadcopter UAV in the application of wildfire monitoring
Authors: Mawanza Joewell , Agee John , Bhero Ernest
Published: June 2024

This article investigates the problem of monitoring wildfires using a quadcopter uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) subject to external perturbations and nonlinear uncertainties. A finite‐time control scheme is designed for the quadcopter UAV to monitor the elliptical propagation of a wildfire. The control scheme is composed of an improved nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control (NFTSMC) and a higher order sliding mode observer (HOSMO). The HOSMO is constructed first to estimate external perturbations, nonlinear uncertainties, and incomplete system states resulting from the system's uncertainties. Then, a novel NFTSMC is developed that utilizes the estimated system states. The Lyapunov theorem is used to demonstrate that the quadcopter UAV can elliptically monitor a wildfire, and the tracking error can rapidly converge to zero within a finite time. Comparative simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Attack detection method for encrypted wave‐variable‐based bilateral control systems
Authors: Miyazaki Tetsuro , Shono Naoto , Teranishi Kaoru , Kanno Takahiro , Kawase Toshihiro , Kogiso Kiminao , Kawashima Kenji
Published: June 2024

This study presents an energy‐based attack detection method involving an encrypted bilateral control system using wave variables. In the considered bilateral control system, the leader and follower receive the follower's force information and the leader's velocity information, respectively, through the wave variables. The considered attack model multiplies the wave variables by an attack parameter, which is possible due to the malleability of the encryption scheme. The bilateral control system will be destabilized if the attacker chooses a relatively large parameter value. This motivates in developing a passivity observer for each leader and follower side to compute the total energy and constructing an energy‐based detection method that can be incorporated into the encrypted bilateral control system and is summarized in the presented theorem. Furthermore, this study provides a specific design for reasonable threshold parameters concerning the control system energy. The theorem and the experimental validation confirm that the developed encrypted wave‐variable‐based bilateral control system with the proposed attack detector is secure and effective as a countermeasure against malleability‐based attacks.
A flexible flux adjustable variable flux leakage starter‐generator for helicopters
Authors: Chen Hainiu , Fang Shuhua , Qin Ling , Wang Yicheng , Xu Qiangren
Published: June 2024

A variable flux leakage starter‐generator structure designed for helicopters is proposed. The research focuses on investigating the current distribution mechanism of the d‐q axis to determine the feasibility of incorporating variable flux leakage (FL) in the machine model. By investigating the magnetic circuit models of machines under various operating conditions, we aim to uncover the performance advantages of variable FL starter‐generator for helicopters in different scenarios. Subsequently, a variable flux leakage starter‐generator is designed, and a prototype is implemented successfully. The experimental results validate the accuracy of the theoretical analysis conducted.
Electric vehicle load forecasting based on convolutional networks with attention mechanism and federated learning method
Authors: Bian Ruien , Wang Long , Liu Yadong , Dai Zhou
Published: June 2024

Accurate forecasting of electric vehicle (EV) load is essential for grid stability and energy management. EV load forecasting is influenced by multiple factors. At present, the load forecasting model for EVs mainly uses collected sample data to build a data‐driven model. But these algorithms need to collect all the data together to train the model, ignoring the privacy of each data collection source. In a competitive market environment, each device service provider is not willing to share the sample data they store. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes an EV load diagnosis algorithm considering data privacy. Firstly, a convolutional neural network with dual attention mechanism is constructed as the basic time series forecasting model. The association rule algorithm is used to select weather data with strong associations as the inputs of the model. Each service provider uses local data to perform deep learning network. All models are then trained using a federated learning framework. During the entire training process, historical data is stored locally, and only model parameter information is shared and interacted; thus data privacy is protected. Finally, the validity of the algorithm in this paper is verified by using real collected EV load data.
Hiding image into image with hybrid attention mechanism based on GANs
Authors: Zhu Yuling , Dong Yunyun , Song Bingbing , Yao Shaowen
Published: June 2024

Image steganography is the art of concealing secret information within images to prevent detection. In deep‐learning‐based image steganography, a common practice is to fuse the secret image with the cover image to directly generate the stego image. However, not all features are equally critical for data hiding, and some insignificant ones may lead to the appearance of residual artifacts in the stego image. In this article, a novel network architecture for image steganography with hybrid attention mechanism based on generative adversarial network is introduced. This model consists of three subnetworks: a generator for generate stego images, an extractor for extracting the secret images, and a discriminator to simulate the detection process, which aids the generator in producing more realistic stego images. A specific hybrid attention mechanism (HAM) module is designed that effectively fuses information across channel and spatial domains, facilitating adaptive feature refinement within deep image representations. The experimental results suggest that the HAM module not only enhances the image quality during both the steganography and extraction processes but also improves the model's undetectability. Stego images are mixed with varying levels of noise in the training process, which can further improve robustness. Finally, it is verified that the model outperforms current steganography approaches on three datasets and exhibits good undetectability.
Practical aspects of measuring camera‐based indicators of alcohol intoxication in manual and automated driving
Authors: Zemblys Raimondas , Ahlström Christer , Kircher Katja , Finér Svitlana
Published: June 2024

Camera‐based Driver Monitoring Systems (DMS) have the potential to exploit eye tracking correlates of alcohol intoxication to detect drunk driving. This study investigates how glance, blink, saccade, and fixation metrics are affected by alcohol, and whether possible effects remain stable across three different camera setups, as well as when the driver is out‐of‐the‐loop during level 4 automated driving (Wizard‐of‐Oz setup). Thirty‐five participants drove on a test track first sober and then with increasing intoxication levels reaching a breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) of 1‰. Linear Mixed‐Effects Regression analyses showed that with increasing intoxication levels, eye blinks became longer and slower, glances and fixations became fewer and longer, and more attention was directed to the road area, at the expense of more peripheral areas. Fixation and blink metrics were more robust to changes in automation mode, whereas glance‐based metrics were highly context dependent. Not all effects of alcohol intoxication could be measured with all eye tracking setups, where one‐camera systems showed lower data availability and higher noise levels compared to a five‐camera system. This means that lab findings based on higher quality eye tracking data might not be directly applied to production settings because of hardware limitations.
Driver behaviour recognition based on recursive all‐pair field transform time series model
Authors: Xu HuiZhi , Xing ZhaoHao , Ge YongShuai , Hao DongSheng , Chang MengYing
Published: June 2024

To standardize driver behaviour and enhance transportation system safety, a dynamic driver behaviour recognition method based on the Recurrent All‐Pairs Field Transforms (RAFT) temporal model is proposed. This study involves the creation of two datasets, namely, Driver‐img and Driver‐vid, including driver behaviour images and videos across various scenarios. These datasets are subject to preprocessing using RAFT optical flow techniques to enhance the cognitive process of the network. This approach employs a two‐stage temporal model for driver behaviour recognition. In the initial stage, the MobileNet network is optimized and the GYY module is introduced, which includes residuals and global average pooling layers, thereby enhancing the network's feature extraction capabilities. In the subsequent stage, a bidirectional GRU network is constructed to learn driver behaviour video features with temporal information. Additionally, a method for compressing and padding video frames is proposed, which serves as input to the GRU network and enables intent prediction 0.2 s prior to driver actions. Model performance is assessed through accuracy, recall, and F1 score, with experimental results indicating that RAFT preprocessing enhances accuracy, reduces training time, and improves overall model stability, facilitating the recognition of driver behaviour intent.
Data‐driven predictive control of perturbed buck converters using a modified iterative feedback tuning algorithm
Authors: Moradi Kamran , Zamani Pourya , Shafiee Qobad
Published: June 2024

The most challenging aspect of utilizing model predictive controllers (MPCs), particularly those involving power electronic applications, is the extraction of a model that accurately represents the behavior of the studied system. Concerning the use of power electronic applications, as long as an MPC is used, adjusting the controller parameters brings difficulties. In addition, as the number of elements increases, it becomes harder to get the best control law out of the model. To do away with the need for model extraction, this study presents an offline data‐driven approach in conjunction with the MPC that can optimally adjust the MPC parameters based on the iterative feedback tuning (IFT) algorithm called the iterative feedback predictive controller (IFPC). The proposed method eliminates concerns regarding selecting an optimal number of algorithm iterations, thereby reducing operating costs, by introducing a modified IFT called feedback‐based IFPC (FIFPC) while simultaneously achieving optimal MPC parameters. The proposed method is applied to a constant voltage load (CVL) connected less‐than‐ideal buck converter, that is, one with perturbed filter elements and variable loads. A robust stability analysis (RSA) is performed under normal operating conditions to investigate the robustness behavior of the proposed controller. Simulation studies are presented to evaluate the proposed controller under different scenarios, such as step and abrupt load changes and measurement noise, compared with the well‐known model‐based and data‐enabled predictive controller (DeePC) approaches in the MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Interleaved ZVS DC‐DC converter with ultrahigh step‐down and flexible gain
Authors: Eskandary Wahid , Monfared Mohammad , Nikbahar Ali , Mahdave Ahmad
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a novel non‐isolated ultrahigh step‐down interleaved DC‐DC converter with an extremely extended duty cycle based on the series capacitor and coupled‐inductor techniques. The proposed converter utilizes a three‐winding coupled inductor (TWCI) to enhance the step‐down conversion ratio. In contrast to conventional coupled inductor‐based step‐down converters, its voltage gain improves as the turn ratio approaches unity. Consequently, coupled inductors have significantly lower winding losses. Furthermore, there is no extra constraint on the turn ratio of the TWCI. It results in a highly flexible voltage gain and more design freedom. Other advantages of the employed series capacitor and coupled inductor techniques can be listed as, zero voltage switching (ZVS) condition for all switches, significant reduction of the total switching device power (SDP) and recovery of the energy of leakage inductors. They all reduce power losses and costs. Steady‐state analysis, derivation of voltage gain and design considerations are discussed in detail. Finally, a 200 W, 400‐to‐12 V experimental prototype is implemented to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed converter.
Analysis of the vehicle's flow based on the neural network and the SIFT method
Authors: Ivliev Victor , Ivliev Evgeniy , Obukhov Pavel , Obukhov Alexander
Published: June 2024

The article presents a vehicle counting system based on TensorFlow neural network models and the SIFT machine vision method. An experimental comparison was made of five detectors consisting of metaarchitecture (Faster R-CNN, SSD) and neural networks extracting features (Resnet V1 100, Inception V2, Inception Resnet V2 and Mobilenet V1). The main aspects of these detectors are analyzed, such as accuracy, speed, memory consumption, the number of floating point operations per second and the number of trainable parameters of convolutional neural networks. The calculation of vehicles is carried out by an algorithm based on the SIFT method. This algorithm compares the descriptors of all vehicles in the frame at the current time with the descriptors at the previous time. Based on the maximum match of the descriptors, the algorithm assigns the vehicle identification number from the previous frame, and in the absence of matches creates a new identification number. This approach will make it possible to calculate vehicles more accurately and assess their trajectory and speed.
Sustainable practices in the agro-industrial complex: A pathway to enhanced ecological stewardship
Authors: Kondratenko Ilya , Gudoshnikova Yulia , Kotova Olga , Agapitova Lyudmila
Published: June 2024

This article delves into the transformative potential of sustainable practices within the agro-industrial complex, positing them as crucial for advancing ecological stewardship and ensuring the long-term viability of our planet’s ecosystems. It critically examines the current environmental challenges posed by conventional agro-industrial operations, including soil degradation, water scarcity, and biodiversity loss, driven by the relentless pursuit of productivity and efficiency at the expense of ecological balance. Through a comprehensive review of recent innovations and case studies, the paper highlights effective strategies and technologies that promote sustainability in the agricultural sector, such as precision farming, organic agriculture, integrated pest management, and the use of renewable energy sources. It also explores the role of policy frameworks, market mechanisms, and community engagement in fostering a more sustainable agro-industrial paradigm. By synthesizing findings from diverse contexts, this article argues that integrating sustainable practices into the agro-industrial complex is not only essential for preserving environmental integrity but also for enhancing food security, farmer livelihoods, and resilience to climate change. The conclusion calls for a concerted effort among stakeholders to prioritize sustainability in agricultural policies and investments, thereby paving the way for a more ecologically responsible and economically viable agricultural future.
Possibility of decorative cement production in the Republic of Armenia
Authors: Meymaryan Armine , Chilingaryan Nikolay
Published: June 2024

The raw materials for the synthesis of white cement clinker were determined through physicochemical analyses of the raw material sources in the Republic of Armenia, including production waste. Subsequently, decorative cement with various tints is produced using processed white clinker as the base. Kaolinite clay utilization from the Atan mine, which is an aluminosilicate component, is more suitable, primarily because its composition contains a relatively low level of coloring oxides, especially Fe2O3. For the carbonate component, limestone travertine from the Ararat mine, which contains a small amount of iron oxide, was chosen. Calculations were performed for the raw mix and clinker using these mentioned components. A suitable composition of the raw mixture, which has undergone calcination, is carefully chosen. Various amounts of NaSiF6 mineralizer were added to the raw mixture to reduce the sintering temperature. The optimal firing temperature and cooling conditions for the resulting clinker were determined. It has been demonstrated that cooling the clinker with water further enhances its whiteness.
Need for precise nuclear structure data for reactor studies
Authors: Henning Greg , Chebboubi Abdelhazize , De Saint-Jean Cyrille , Estienne Magali , Fallot Muriel , Giot Lydie , Kerveno Maëlle , Litaize Olivier , Mougeot Xavier , Porta Amanda , Serot Olivier , Vallet Vanessa
Published: June 2024

This paper highlights the strong need for precise nuclear structure and decay data measurements in order to perform high-quality modelling on nuclear reactors and other applications. The context of nuclear data evaluation, as well as the importance of low uncertainty evaluations, will be first presented. The importance of such data for interpreting nuclear data experimental measurements is stressed throughout. To demonstrate this, we will explain how mass and charge-dependent fission yields, decay data (in particular for the purpose of residual heat calculations), and inelastic neutrons scattering cross section rely on nuclear structure and decay information and how new and higher quality in such data can lead to improved accuracy in the precision of evaluated nuclear data.
Ärztliche Kooperationen und Gesetz zur Modernisierung des Personengesellschaftsrechts (MoPeG)
Authors: Meschke Andreas
Published: June 2024

Das MoPeG modernisiert das Personengesellschaftsrecht in vielen Bereichen. Es bietet vor allem Neuregelungen im Bereich der Außenrechtsfähigkeit, des Gesellschaftsregisters, der Geschäftsführung und Vertretung, der Haftung, dem Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Auflösung und Fortführung bei Beendigung der Mitgliedschaft von Gesellschaftern und bei Beschlussmängelstreitigkeit. Die Möglichkeiten zu Freiberufler-Personenhandelsgesellschaften tatsächlich zu nutzen, ist im ärztlichen Bereich den Ärztekammern überantwortet, dem diese jedoch bislang nicht nachgekommen sind.
Wie gestalte ich die Basistherapie bei rheumatologischen
Patient*innen mit maligner Vorerkrankung?
Authors: Schmalzing Marc
Published: June 2024

Rheumatologische Therapie bei Patient*innen mit Malignomanamnese ist mit
komplexen Fragestellungen verbunden. Die European Alliance of Associations for
Rheumatology (EULAR) hat Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit Basistherapie bei
Patient*innen mit malignen Vorerkrankungen erarbeitet. Diese wurden in der
vorläufigen Version auf dem EULAR Kongress 2023 vorgestellt. Die wichtigsten
Empfehlungen werden herausgegriffen und vor dem Hintergrund aktueller Literatur
kommentiert. Die Therapie von Inflammation erscheint wichtig um das Krebsrisiko
zu reduzieren. Bei Patient*innen mit maligner Vorerkrankung sollten
Januskinaseninhibitoren (JAKi) und Abatacept zurückhaltend und nur mit Vorsicht
eingesetzt werden. Bei Vorerkrankung mit einem soliden Malignom werden
Anti-Zytokininhibitoren und bei Lymphomen Rituximab bevorzugt. Rheumatologische
Therapie bei malignen Erkrankungen, die sich nicht in Remission befinden,
bedürfen einer interdisziplinären Therapieentscheidung.
Gerinnungsaktive Medikation bei endoprothetisch versorgter proximaler Femurfraktur - Komplikationen und Mortalität unter Berücksichtigung des Versorgungszeitpunktes als Qualitätskriterium
Authors: Neumann Christoph Johannes , Kaiser Tim Dario , Smektala Rüdiger
Published: June 2024

Es wird international über den optimalen Operationszeitpunkt älterer Patienten mit proximaler Femurfraktur diskutiert. Eine vorbestehende Antikoagulation scheint ein wesentlicher Grund für die Verzögerung der operativen Frakturbehandlung zu sein. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Komplikations- und Sterblichkeitsraten bei älteren, antikoagulierten Hüftfrakturpatienten zu untersuchen, die zeitgerecht (< 24 h) bzw. verzögert (> 24 h) operiert wurden.

Unsere Analyse basiert auf Daten der externen stationären Qualitätssicherung aus Nordrhein-Westfalen als bevölkerungsreichstem deutschen Bundesland. Wir identifizierten 13201 Patienten mit proximaler Femurfraktur unter gerinnungsaktiver Medikation und einem Mindestalter von 65 Jahren, die von Januar 2015 bis Dezember 2017 behandelt wurden.

Eine verzögerte Operation war mit signifikant höheren Komplikations- und Mortalitätsraten verbunden. Mit Ausnahme einer vorbestehenden Herzinsuffizienz konnten keine Komorbiditäten identifiziert werden, die einen klaren Hinweis darauf geben könnten, warum eine Operationsverzögerung eingetreten ist.

In den meisten Fällen ist bei Patienten mit gerinnungsaktiver Medikation aufgrund schwerwiegender Begleiterkrankungen insgesamt mit einem schlechteren Behandlungsergebnis zu rechnen. Wurden diese Patienten verspätet operiert, waren die Behandlungsergebnisse nochmals deutlich schlechter. Um das Risiko von Komplikationen zu verringern, sollte daher eine Operation mit einer Verzögerung von > 24 h vermieden werden.
Placenta and Intestinal Injury in Preterm Infants
Authors: Garg Padma , Weitkamp Jörn-Hendrik , McDonald Anna G. , Cilvik Sarah N. , Mir Imran , Shenberger Jeffrey S. , Olaloye Oluwabunmi , Konnikova Liza , Kallapur Suhas G. , Garg Parvesh M.
Published: June 2024

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal conditions affecting 6 to 10% of low-birth-weight infants and remains a leading cause of death. The risk factors associated with NEC are complex and multifactorial, including preterm birth and intrauterine exposure to inflammation and hypoxia. Chorioamnionitis has been associated with intestinal injury in animal and human clinical studies. This review presents current evidence about the clinical impact of the intrauterine environment on intestinal injury during pregnancy and postpregnancy. We present information from our own clinical and laboratory research in conjunction with information collected from an extensive search in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus. Prospective multicenter studies, including accurate and precise clinical, maternal, and laboratory predictors (e.g., inflammatory biomarkers), will help identify the mechanisms associated with the placental pathology, the development of NEC, and the impact of in utero-triggered inflammation on the clinical outcomes. Filling the knowledge gap to link the inflammatory surge to postnatal life will aid in identifying at-risk infants for NEC in a timely manner and facilitate the development of novel immunomodulatory treatments or interventions to improve the outcomes of these vulnerable infants.

Key Points
Effects of Sleep-Disordered Breathing on Daytime Brain Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Shibata Hiroki , Noda Akiko , Mao Yuanjie , Iwamoto Kunihiro , Okuda Masato , Okada Ippei , Miyata Seiko , Taoka Toshiaki , Yasuma Fumihiko
Published: June 2024

Introduction Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to examine the influence of SDB on daytime brain activity in the community-dwelling older adults.

Material and Methods There were 81 consecutive volunteers aged 60 years or older (mean age 70.5 ± 4.8 years) who participated in the present study. Daytime brain activity was assessed by measuring the peak cortical oxygenated hemoglobin (OxyHb) levels and area under the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) curve. The respiratory event index (REI) and 3% oxygen desaturation index (3%ODI) were evaluated using a home sleep-apnea test.

Results The peak OxyHb and area under the NIRS curve were significantly lower in the participants with REI ≥ 15/h than those with REI < 15/h. The body mass index (BMI), REI, 3%ODI, and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) scores were significantly correlated with peak OxyHb levels (BMI: r = -0.202, p = 0.035; REI: r = -0.307, p = 0.003; 3%ODI: r = -0.321, p = 0.003; and ESS score: r = -0.287, p = 0.005). Also, the BMI, REI, and 3%ODI were significantly correlated with the area under the NIRS curve (BMI: r = -0.306, p = 0.003; REI: r = -0.326, p = 0.002; and 3%ODI: r =-0.313, p = 0.002), and BMI was a significant factor associated with the area under the NIRS curve.

Conclusions Brain activity during wakefulness was associated with SDB and BMI severity. A simple NIRS may yield unique information for characterizing the decline in daytime brain activity of the community-dwelling older adults.
Tolnaftate-Loaded Ethosomal Gel for Topical Delivery: Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation
Authors: Priya Sneh , Shridhar Preethika , Shekhara Kshema , Shenthar Susheela , Kudva Suraksha K.
Published: June 2024

Objectives Tolnaftate (TOL) is used as a topical antifungal agent but has poor skin penetration. Therefore, the present study is designed to formulate an ethosomal gel of TOL to enhance drug penetration through the skin.

Methods Using the cold method ethosomal formulations with different concentrations of ethanol and soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC) were formulated. The formulation of ethosomes was characterized by vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential, % drug entrapment efficiency (EE), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimized ethosomal formula was incorporated in a 1% Carbopol hydrogel dosage. Evaluation of in vitro penetration of prepared gel was performed on goat skin using Franz diffusion cells and compared with conventional gel.

Result The ethosomal formulation EF5 showed the highest % EE (76.82%) with a small vesicle size of 210.1 nm and was selected as the optimized formulation. The SEM result shows that the vesicles were spherical, smooth, and in the 200-nm range. In vitro, permeability study shows that steady-state flux of TOL from ethosomal and conventional gels were 6.667 and 3.685 µg/cm/h, respectively (p < 0.001). It indicated that the flux of Ethosomal hydrogel (EHG) is 2.0-fold higher than conventional hydrogel (CHG); this may be due to the flexible nature of ethosomes and ethosomal core containing ethanol, which dissolves the lipid bilayer of skin and overcomes the barrier. In vitro, an antifungal study shows that the incorporation of TOL in ethosomal hydrogel retains their activity.

Conclusion From the results, it was concluded that TOL topical ethosomal gel for antifungal activity will possibly be a good choice.
Delayed Presentation of Baffle Obstruction in an Adult Post–Mustard Repair of Transposition: Computed Tomography Demonstration
Authors: Nandi Debanjan , Malhi Amarinder Singh , Shaw Manish , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: June 2024

Atrial switch surgery is performed in patients with transposition of the great arteries. One of the complications of this surgery is obstruction of the baffle created. We describe the computed tomography findings of one such case where there was delayed presentation of recurrent Mustard baffle obstruction in addition to pulmonary venous drainage obstruction in an adult previously operated on for intra-atrial repair of transposition of the great arteries.
Laboratory Testing for Fibrinogen Disorders: From Routine Investigations to Research Studies
Authors: Undas Anetta
Published: June 2024

Congenital and acquired fibrinogen disorders often have heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and are challenging from a laboratory perspective. Fibrinogen determination using the Clauss method remains the gold standard, while the reproducibility and significance of the thrombin time and the reptilase time are limited. Molecular testing for causative mutations in fibrinogen genes is now recommended to confirm the diagnosis of congenital fibrinogen disorders. Research assays are used to evaluate alterations to fibrin formation and properties of plasma and purified fibrinogen-derived clots, characterized by fiber thickness, the number of branches, and pore sizes. Fibrin clot permeability (permeation, porosity) using a hydrostatic pressure system represents the most commonly used method for evaluating fibrin network density. Reduced clot permeability, which denotes the reduced size of an average pore in the network, results in tighter fibrin networks, typically associated with impaired susceptibility to lysis, leading to a thrombotic tendency. Biophysical properties of fibrin clots are largely assessed using rheometry, with atomic force microscopy and nanorheology being increasingly used in disease states. Thromboelastography and thromboelastometry, a simple modification of rheometry, have been used, mainly in intensive care units, for more than 50 years. Given growing evidence for altered fibrin clot properties in diseases with elevated risk of venous and arterial thromboembolism and in some bleeding disorders, further work on standardization and validation of the assessment of fibrin clot characteristics is needed. This review summarizes the current methods used to evaluate fibrinogen abnormalities in both diagnostic and research laboratories.
Learning to think: Deterritorialization in Mona Lisa Smile and Dead Poets Society
Authors: P.J Arya , R Bhuvaneswari
Published: June 2024

Mona Lisa Smile (2003) and Dead Poets Society (1989) are two American films that made audiences across the globe reflect their learning paradigms. A rhizomatic educational ambiance helps to transform students from a state of stasis into dynamic individuals as it deterritorializes them from indoctrination by arborescent principles put forth by the ideological apparatuses of family, educational, and cultural institutions to an individual space where they can define themselves. This research paper attempts to look at Mona Lisa Smile and Dead Poets Society as visual texts that attempted to comment upon the rigidities that existed in America during the ‘Fifties’. The conclusion provides a comparison of the learning outcomes in the two sets of learners in the films selected and describes the reasons why students in Mona Lisa Smile metamorphosize into dynamic individuals committed to a definite career path.
Control of the effective value of the critical current of the RF SQUID by the high-frequency electromagnetic field
Authors: Shnyrkov V. I. , Lyakhno V. Yu. , Kalenyuk О. A. , Mindich D. G. , Leha O. O. , Shapovalov A. P.
Published: June 2024

An analysis of the influence of the high-frequency electromagnetic field on the amplitude-frequency and signal characteristics of RF SQUID and experimental verification are carried out. At low parameter βL, the RF SQUID behavior is well described analytically by the theoretical model. In experiment, basic operation scheme is used in which the interferometer is inductively connected to a resonant circuit driven by RF current at a frequency close to the resonance frequency of the circuit. It is shown that parameter βL, which distinguishes between hysteretic and nonhysteretic regimes, can be effectively adjusted to a desired value by applying the high-frequency field of a certain amplitude and frequency much higher than circuit resonance frequency. A significant increase in the conversion factor and sensitivity of the RF SQUID during this adjustment is discussed.
Research on S-type fiber Bragg grating acceleration sensor for low-frequency vibration monitoring
Authors: Hong Li , Zhang Ruiming , Zhang Ruilei
Published: June 2024

The acquisition of low-frequency vibration signals in earthquake exploration is a crucial aspect of seismic exploration technology. Addressing the difficulty current fiber optic sensors face in monitoring low-frequency vibrations, this paper proposes an acceleration sensor based on S-type Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG). First, an FBG acceleration sensor model is established and theoretically analyzed. Then, the impact of structural parameters on the sensor’s sensitivity and natural frequency is examined, employing the ANSYS finite element analysis software for static stress and modal simulation analysis. Finally, a prototype is developed, and a low-frequency vibration testing system is assembled to test the sensor’s performance. The results show that the sensor has a natural frequency of 34 Hz, operates in a frequency band of 0.2–14 Hz, has a dynamic range of 63.5 dB, a lateral interference of less than 3%, a sensitivity of ∼274.45 pm/g, good linearity, and is insensitive to temperature. The findings provide a reference for the development of similar sensors and further exploration of the lower frequency limit.
Extended curvature birdcage coil design for localized magnetic field in 9.4 T MRI for multiple mouse imaging
Authors: Hernandez Daniel , Nam Taewoo , Lee Eunwoo , Lee Jae Jun , Kim Kyoung-Nam
Published: June 2024

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for preclinical analysis is useful for testing medical procedures, therapies, and drug development. Preclinical MRI uses small animals, such as mice, for multiple studies. Preclinical studies are often needed to control target mouse models with different parameters; thus, performing simultaneous MRIs is desired to reduce study time and provide a fair comparison. In this study, we propose a variation of a birdcage coil that is capable of providing the same field intensity for each mouse compared to a traditional birdcage coil configuration. The arrangement of the proposed birdcage coil produces a uniform and strongly localized magnetic |B1|-field in each of the four target mice. The design involves rotating the legs of the birdcage coil so that the current distribution produces a uniform field inside each mouse. Electromagnetic simulations were performed to validate the proposed design. The proposed design exhibited a better field intensity than the reference linear, circularly polarized mode birdcage coils and an eight-channel loop array coil. The proposed customized birdcage coil arrangement promises a better field intensity and uniformity across multiple mouse imaging using 9.4 T preclinical MRI scanners.
Source localization for neutron imaging systems using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Saavedra Gary , Geppert-Kleinrath Verena , Danly Chris , Durocher Mora , Wilde Carl , Fatherley Valerie , Mendoza Emily , Tafoya Landon , Volegov Petr , Fittinghoff David , Rubery Michael , Freeman Matthew S.
Published: June 2024

The nuclear imaging system at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a crucial diagnostic for determining the geometry of inertial confinement fusion implosions. The geometry is reconstructed from a neutron aperture image via a set of reconstruction algorithms using an iterative Bayesian inference approach. An important step in these reconstruction algorithms is finding the fusion source location within the camera field-of-view. Currently, source localization is achieved via an iterative optimization algorithm. In this paper, we introduce a machine learning approach for source localization. Specifically, we train a convolutional neural network to predict source locations given a neutron aperture image. We show that this approach decreases computation time by several orders of magnitude compared to the current optimization-based source localization while achieving similar accuracy on both synthetic data and a collection of recent NIF deuterium–tritium shots.
DC flux crosstalk reduction with dual flux line
Authors: Niu Zhengqi , Gao Wanpeng , He Xiaoliang , Wang Yifan , Wang Zhen , Lin Zhi-Rong
Published: June 2024

Flux-tunable superconducting qubits offer the potential for quantum information processing and simulation. However, flux crosstalk complicates achieving precise qubit frequency control, as characterizing and compensating for it becomes more challenging when scaling up circuits. In this study, we propose a design featuring a dual flux line for flux-tunable superconducting qubits, consisting of a pair of parallel current lines directing the current back to the enclosure. We conduct experimental comparisons of the DC flux crosstalk between the dual flux line design and the traditional one-way approach within a single chip. We observe a significant reduction in the DC flux crosstalk when utilizing the dual flux line, as supported by electromagnetic field simulations. Our design introduces an approach to scaling up flux-tunable superconducting circuits while maintaining a modest on-chip footprint.