bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The application of cell-free DNA methylation patterns in critical illnesses protocol v1
Authors: Jang David
Published: December 2024

The use of liquid biomarkers in clinical medicine are typically employed to gaugeseverity of disease, prognosis and to monitor response to treatment. Whilevarious biomarkers have been employed in clinical medicine with variableperformance characteristics, the use of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) have gainedincreased traction as a novel biomarker in a wide range of disease states suchas cancer and trauma. While the quantification of cfDNA have been correlatedwith disease severity, the use of methylation pattens of cfDNA can be used tolocalize the site of injury that may have implications regarding prognosis andtherapeutics. We propose a procedure using samples in a swine model of cardiacarrest where carbon monoxide is being used as a therapeutic to demonstrate ourmethod and feasibility to obtain plasma cfDNA methylation patterns to helpidentify tissue origin with potential application in critical care medicine.
Microbiota in cancer diagnosis, therapy and prevention
Authors: Solenova L. G. , Ryzhova N. I. , Belitsky G. A. , Antonova I. A. , Kirsanov K. I. , Yakubovskaya M. G.
Published: December 2024

Background. An in-depth study of the participation of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of tumors has opened up new opportunities for the development of alternative approaches to the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of malignant neoplasms.

Aim. To summarize the data on the practical use of microbiota profile features as a marker of carcinogenesis and diagnosis, as well as to consider its participation in the combined treatment and prevention of cancer.

Materials and methods. A literature search was carried out in the databases NCBI MedLine (PubMed), Scopus, web of Science using keywords that determine the purpose of the study. Results from original studies, meta-analyses, randomized controlled clinical trials, and traditional, systematic, and umbrella reviews published in recent years were analysed.

Results. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the composition of the microbiota associated with the pathogenesis of oncological diseases make it possible to use them as markers for determining the risk of developing malignant neoplasms and predicting a wide range of tumors. The mechanisms that determine the use of the microbiota in anticancer therapy are diverse. The effect on the immune system is the most significant. Of great interest are artificially created hybrid nanoparticles covered with a membrane of bacterial vesicles and tumor cells to activate specific antitumor immunity. In terms of cancer prevention, the use of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics discovered by I.I. Mechnikov was fundamentally substantiated.

Conclusion. The complex of scientific genomic and epigenetic data obtained in mechanistic and epidemiological studies on the role of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of tumors is currently evaluated as the most significant result justifying its practical application as a component of cancer diagnosis, therapy and prevention.
Frequency of postoperative complications and level of quality of life in breast cancer patients during constructive plastic surgery depending on the type of implant
Authors: Monogarova M. A. , Isich B. N. , Brosse A. V. , Istranov A. L. , Ivanov D. O. , Nasyrov R. A. , Gorlanov I. A. , Bit-Sava E. M.
Published: December 2024

Background. In recent years, the availability of reconstructive plastic surgery has reached a new level. when performing an oncological operation, the question arises about choosing further reconstruction tactics: through one-stage or through delayed reconstruction. In the vast majority of cases, tissue expanders/implants are used for simultaneous breast reconstruction, but it is still unclear which allograft allows achieving the best aesthetic results of the operation without increasing the incidence of postoperative complications. In this review, we assessed the impact of the type of implant on aesthetic satisfaction with the result of reconstruction and the incidence of postoperative complications in patients with breast cancer.

Aim. To evaluate the impact of the type of implant during reconstruction on the risk of postoperative complications and quality of life in patients with breast cancer.

Materials and methods. A search for relevant sources was carried out in PubMed, MedLine, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, Cyber Leninka, SpringerLink, e-Library, publications from 2010 to 2022 were studied, with an analysis of the evidence-based experimental and clinical base on the most modern issues breast reconstruction. Results. Having analyzed articles published over the past 15 years, we can clearly conclude that performing reconstructive plastic surgery in patients with breast cancer using various types of implants improves the quality of life and improves the aesthetic result of reconstruction according to the BREAST-Q questionnaire, regardless of the type and type of implant used.

Conclusion. The use of anatomical implants in breast reconstruction compared to round ones reduces the risk of rupture, rippling, and the frequency of symmetrizing operations, but increases the risk of infectious complications and repeated operations to replace/remove the implant. The use of textured implants reduces the incidence of capsular contracture relative to smooth ones. High satisfaction with the aesthetic outcome of reconstruction, as measured by the BREAST-Q questionnaire in patients with silicone implants, is not equivalent to an improvement in general health status (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire 30).
Features of albino rats and Wistar rats as biomodels for preclinical research
Authors: Treshchalin M. I. , Polozkova V. A. , Yazeryan S. G. , Pereverzeva E. R.
Published: December 2024

Background. In the experimental study of potential medicines, animal studies are of the greatest prognostic importance. Domestic authors performed most of the experimental toxicological work on rats of outbred colonies (mongrel (albino) and wistar). The variability of numerous literature data obtained over a long time range on the physiological parameters of mongrel rats and wistar rats indicates the need for their comparative characteristics in one study.

Aim. To evaluate the main indicators for wistar and albino rats used in assessing the acute and chronic toxicity of pharmaceutical compounds and to determine the physiological characteristics of the animals in these colonies.

Materials and methods. Female albino and wistar rats of the same age were used in the experiment. The animals were kept in the same conditions according to international ethical standards. The condition, behavior, body weight, peripheral blood parameters, feed intake, daily diuresis, neurological reactions, mass coefficients of internal organs were evaluated.

It was found that in wistar rats, body weight increases significantly more slowly, its weekly increase is ≈4–5 %, in Albino ≈10 %. The number of red blood cells and hemoglobin levels are significantly lower, the volume of red blood cells is larger, and the hemoglobin content is higher for Albino rats. For wistar, an increased level of anxiety in the open field test and a lower variability of the arithmetic mean error were demonstrated.

Conclusion. The features of the physiological parameters of the studied colonies of mongrel rats are within the reference intervals. The choice in favor of Albino rats or wistar rats in modeling preclinical experiments depends on the type and objectives of the study. when studying the neurotoxicity of drugs, the increased anxiety level of wistar rats should be taken into account.
COMPARISON OF DERIVATIZATION AND SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION OF A SET OF AROMATIC ALDEHYDES AND DIALDEHYDES FOR GC/FID DETERMINATION IN AQUEOUS SAMPLES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mosendz Anastasiia , Zui Maryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Background. One of the main advantages of chromatography is the ability to separate and simultaneously determine a large number of compounds. In the case of the analysis of aldehydes, in addition to the optimization of chromatographic separation and detection, methods are designed to include sample preparation and derivatization with the selection of optimal conditions. Among the methods available in the literature, there are some that enable the determination ranging from a few to 80 or more carbonyl compounds simultaneously, with varying sensitivity. The aim of this work was to investigate the differences in derivatization using O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine and in the solid-phase microextraction of a number of aromatic aldehydes and dialdehydes during determination using gas chromatography.

Methods. The methods of solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography (with a flame ionization detector) were used in this work. For measurements that required avoiding the possible impact of solid-phase extraction conditions on the results, liquid extraction with hexane was used.

Results. The study has shown that derivatization parameters such as pH and reaction time differ slightly for aromatic aldehydes and dialdehydes, while the effect of ionic strength during solid-phase microextraction can lead to both an increase as well as a decrease in the analytical signal depending on the structure (nature) of the aldehyde and its derivative. The histograms and graphical dependences of the peak areas of analytes on the parameters of derivatization and solid-phase microextraction presented in this paper illustrate the effect of different sample preparation conditions on the analytical signal of aldehydes and, therefore, on the sensitivity of the determination.

Conclusions. In this work, the effect of parameters of derivatization and solid-phase microextraction of aldehydes of different nature, aromatic and dialdehydes, on gas chromatography with flame ionization detection determination was investigated. It was found that the optimum temperature for solid-phase microextraction for most aldehydes is 80 ℃, for 2-furaldehyde the analytical signal decreases by 30 % from the maximum when the temperature increases from 50 to 80 ℃, and the transition from 1 to 10 % sodium chloride content in aqueous solution reduces the analytical signal by 40 % for dialdehydes. Considering the above, a significant loss in sensitivity is observed for some of the aldehydes studied in the determination of a mixture of aldehydes. Therefore, when determining the analytes, it is necessary to differentiate the conditions of derivatization and solid-phase microextraction of aromatic aldehydes and dialdehydes, and sample preparation of samples containing 2-furaldehyde should be carried out individually under different conditions.
THE INTERPRETER’S TALENT AND SCHOOLING (SOME OBSERVATIONS OF A MILITARY TRANSLATOR)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, RADCHUK Vitaliy
Published: December 2024

Background. An interpreter shares his impressions and experience of helping to train Ukrainian soldiers in British military camps.

Results. The author considers the factors that facilitate military interpretation and those that complicate it. In particular, he names among the former the specific objectivity, or subject concreteness of training, the systematic nature of terminology, and the integrity of terminology systems, and he mentions among the latter dialect (non-standard) pronunciation and territorial variation of the English language. Postulating the idea that even a lightning-fast translation remains a comprehension of the original, the article touches upon the problem of the speed of oral re-expression, and regards the correlation in the translation process between the skill of automatic substitution and the need for analysis and explanation of the speaker's statements by the go-between, who is enabled to control the degree of understanding of the parties by clarifying the meaning of what the speaker has said and by finding out whether the listeners understand the translation version and in what way.

Discussion and conclusions. The author provides examples of the replenishment of Ukrainian military terminology with anglicisms, including abbreviations, assessing and summarizing the tendencies of neologization of the professional lexicon through borrowings. He draws attention to the need to harmonize the pronunciation (and hence the spelling) of a term in translation and discusses the terms, not infrequent, that combine logical components of meaning with figurative and emotional ones. He emphasizes the importance of a professional level of pronunciation, diction, voice and hearing for an interpreter. These qualities of the trade, in view of the researcher, are unfairly underestimated in university programs and time-tables. The fact that many of the best military interpreters are unqualified but motivated civilian self-taught individuals leads the author to believe that the talent of an interpreter is formed and manifested in early childhood along with other basic language skills, including the ability to re-express oneself within the mother tongue, the richness of which is recognized to be a measure of intelligence.
SPECIFICITY AND FUNCTIONS OF THE LATIN LANGUAGE DISCOURSE IN “A CRAZY GREEK” THOMAS NASHE’S PROSE
Authors:   Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Fedoriaka Liudmyla
Published: December 2024

B a c k g r o u n d. The article explores the specificity of the Latin language discourse functioning in the works of the Elizabethan writer Thomas Nashe (1567-1601?) The novel “The Unfortunate Traveller” (1593) and the pamphlet “Pierce Penniless” became here the subject of research as Nashe quotes Ovid most often in them. Classical humanitarian education at Saint Jones college, sincere interest in ancient literature and culture, brilliant knowledge of Latin stimulated the usage of Latin expressions in his works, and also, these factors made it possible to determine the peculiarities of the Latin language discourse in Th. Nashe’s satirical fiction.

M e t h o d s. Different methods were used to determine the specificity of the Latin discourse in the two works of Th. Nashe. Analytical, synthetic, and cultural historical methods were prioritized for the literary and critical understanding of texts. Textological, stylistic, biographical and interpretive research methods were chosen for the analysis.

R e s u l t s. The author of the article came to the conclusion that his favorite classic writer was Ovid as sentences from his “Amores” enrich the texts of most English writer’s works. The usage of Latin quoting clearly indicates erudition, encyclopedic knowledge and inexhaustible creative energy of one of the most intelligent “university wits” Th. Nashe. However, the main goal of this article was to establish the functionality of Ovid’s words.

C o n c l u s I o n s. The analysis of several fragments from the novel and the pamphlet allowed to state that Latin-language Ovid’s maxims underwent changes in the satirical context of the Elizabethan writer’s works. As a result. They lose the emotional and pragmatic meaning inherent in the original text and begin to play the role of an intensifier of the English author’s satirical imperatives.
A Parameter-Oriented FFT Signal Processing App
Authors: Akkaya Sıtkı
Published: December 2024

In power systems, noise, harmonics, and interharmonics arise in electrical signals due to varying sources and loads, affecting signal purity. Continuous monitoring and accurate analysis of electrical signals are mandatory. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) continuously analyzes electrical signals using sliding windows per the IEC-61000-4-7 standard. Parameters from this analysis are compared with threshold values specified in the IEEE-1159 standard. However, variable conditions and factors like sampling frequency, measurement window, main frequency, additional component frequencies, and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) cause measurement errors. These challenges complicate accurate measurement, leading to errors in preventive measures and control procedures. Understanding the effects of these parameters and improving methods is crucial. The Visible Thinking pedagogical framework is effective in this achievement. This study highlights the importance of parameter selection for FFT and investigates FFT responses to different parameters with synthetical and experimental signal examples. It also presents measurement errors due to signal changes, and a basic interface design shows these errors. Small changes, like a 1/2000 shift in sampling frequency, a 0.5 Hz shift in fundamental frequency, or a 1/1000 difference in the measurement window, cause significant errors. These findings underscore the need for careful parameter selection for accurate computation and signal monitoring, showing the need for FFT method improvements to adapt to changing conditions.
Development of a Functionalized SiO2 Supported Ni Nanoparticles Based Non-Enzymatic Amperometric Dopamine Sensor
Authors: Yildirim Yunus Emre , Güler Muhammet
Published: December 2024

In the present work, a novel electrochemical dopamine (DA) sensor depending on Nickel (Ni) nanoparticles decorated (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) modifed silica (SiO2) was fabricated. Hence, Ni@SiO2-APTES was synthesized by the conventional wet-impregnation method. The structure of the compozite was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized Ni@SiO2-APTES was loaded on glassy carbon working electrode (GCE). Also, Nafion (Nf) was drop-casted on Ni@SiO2-APTES/GCE to stabilize the electrode. The fabricated Nf/Ni@SiO2-APTES/GCE working electrode was electrochemicaly evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and amperometry. CV and EIS results indicated that Ni nanoparticles increased both the conductivity and sensitivity of the working electrode. The linear detection range for DA was found to be 0.2 – 252 µM with limit of detection (LOD) was 0.07 µM depending on S/N of 3. The sensitivity was found to be 578.26 µA mM-1 cm-2 depending on the active surface area of the modified working electrode. The sensor exhibited excellent selectivity in the electrolyte solution including ascorbic acid, glucose, fructose, sucrose, mannose, uric acid, and phenylalanine. The sensor had satisfactory repeatability and reproduciblity. It was observed that the sensor showed an electrocatalytic response of 95.33% after 28 days. According to this result, it was concluded that the sensor was extremely stable within the studied time period. The applicability of Nf/Ni@SiO2-APTES/GCE was tested using dopamine HCl injection (200 mg/5 mL).
Age and punishment in Roman Criminal Law
Authors: Świrgoń-Skok Renata
Published: December 2024

This article takes a closer look at the issues of the influence of age on punishment in Roman criminal law. It does not deal in detail with the issue of the influence of an offender’s age on the emergence of criminal responsibility in Roman law, as this issue has already been the subject of many scientific publications. On the other hand, an answer was sought to the question of how the age of the offender affected the scope of the punishment imposed on him. For, as the source material indicates, Roman law protected not only immature persons, who did not yet have a proper understanding of the unlawfulness of their actions, but also older persons, whose age made it impossible to serve their sentence. In addition, an attempt was made to answer the question of whether and how the age of the victim of a crime may have influenced the sentence, especially in the case of sexual offences defined as stuprum.
Estrategias de contenido de las principales universidades españolas en TikTok
Authors: Cuesta-Martínez Carlos , Zomeño-Jiménez Daniel , Ramón-Beltrán Mario
Published: December 2024

Las universidades están desarrollando estrategias de contenido en redes sociales como TikTok para lograr una mayor conexión con sus públicos objetivos (especialmente, las nuevas generaciones), conseguir diferenciación y construir reputación. Por ello, se plantea analizar la relevancia que tiene TikTok entre las principales universidades españolas, así como clasificar las tipologías de contenido predominantes en el contenido que producen y caracterizar los formatos y narrativas más destacados en sus estrategias de comunicación. Para ello, se han analizado 227 publicaciones de TikTok en perfiles de cuatro universidades españolas pertenecientes al segundo semestre del curso 2022/2023. El análisis muestra una priorización por los contenidos de entretenimiento que apelan a códigos y tendencias propios de la plataforma, como memes, entrevistas a estudiantes o su día a día mediante trends y shitposting. También destaca la presencia mayoritaria de conductores/expertos en las piezas analizadas, así como el predominio de vídeos de corta duración.
Potential for Development of Mosque-Based Halal Tourism in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Rachman Abdul , Muizzudin  , Haura Arie , Aisyah Defy R. Simatupang
Published: December 2024

This research analyzed and explored the potential for developing mosque-based halal tourism on the island of Lombok, which is known as the Island of a Thousand Mosques and is rich in culture and nature. Several mosques in Lombok have historical value, architectural beauty, and regional culture, which can be used as a unique tourist activity experience for Muslim and foreign tourists visiting mosques in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province. This research used a descriptive qualitative method to describe the potential for developing mosque-based halal tourism in Lombok. Primary data sources were obtained through interviews and observations at the Hubbul Wathan Mosque or the Mataram Islamic Center Mosque, a mosque that is used as a halal tourist destination. This research shows that the potential for developing mosque-based halal tourism is very large and has an innovative concept because it can increase the number of tourists and increase the variety of halal tourist destinations in Lombok. This research also explored important aspects of developing halal tourism, including accommodation facilities, halal food, and activities based on Islamic culture. Mosque-based halal tourism centers can offer a holistic experience for Muslim tourists, including visiting historic mosques, learning about local Islamic culture, and enjoying regional halal culinary specialties. The potential for developing mosque-based halal tourism in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province, is an attractive opportunity to attract more Muslim tourists and foreign tourists to visit mosques in Lombok.
Qualitative Study on the Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Agency Problem in Microenterprise Financing in Baitul Maal wa Tamwil
Authors: Martiana Andri , Kassim Salina , Zakariyah Habeebullah , Siti Raihanun
Published: December 2024

Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT), a financial cooperative organization, managed by people, can provide informal funding for households. However, the agency problem poses challenges for financial institutions operating in that micro sector, as financiers may struggle to monitor borrower characteristics, efforts, or profitability, leading to inefficiencies in the microcredit market. Further research is needed to determine the root causes of these problems. Empirical investigations show that the recommended methodology has not been effective, indicating a need for better methodological amendments and critical reevaluation. This study investigates factors affecting agency problems in microenterprise financing using a qualitative approach. The study involved 49 participants from eight selected BMTs, academics, and regulators, who were interviewed, observed, and analyzed for in-depth understanding. Data verification was done through triangulation, and reliability was ensured through transcript review, accurate codes, and continuous comparison with codes using NVivo. According to the study's findings, member behavior, incomplete financial analysis, lack of human resources, poor communication, Sharia compliance concerns, and lack of Islamic financial literation led to agency problem in BMT. The formation of this issue is predominantly due to poor management, inadequate levels of assistance, and incompetent management. The study reveals that issues in BMT microenterprise finance are primarily due to poor management, inadequate assistance, and incompetence. The problem is exacerbated by member behavior, incomplete financial analysis, lack of human resources, poor communication, Sharia compliance concerns, and lack of Islamic financial literacy. The study recommends adopting agency theory, increasing operational efficiency, strengthening member education, and managing compliance concerns. Practical suggestions include improving regulatory frameworks and training programs.
DÜYÛN-I UMÛMÎYYE-İ OSMANİYE VARİDAT-I MAHSUSA İDARESİ MEMURİN NİZAMNAMESİ’NİN TATBİKİNE DAİR BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Dağ Mustafa
Published: December 2024

19. yüzyıl Osmanlı açısından savaşların ve ekonomik bunalımların yaşandığı bir asır olmuştur. Gelir kaynaklarının azalışı bu bunalımı derinleştirmiştir. Devlet yöneticileri çözümü dış borçlara başvurmakla bulmuştur. Bu çerçevede 1854 yılında Kırım Savaşı nedeniyle başlatılan dış borçlanma serüveni 1876 yılında moratoryum ilanına kadar devam etmiştir. Alacaklı Avrupalı devletler ise borçlarını tahsil etmek için 1881 yılında Düyûn-ı Umûmîyye İdaresi’ni kurmuşlardır. Bu idareye altı çeşit verginin tahsil ve harcama yetkisi verilmiştir. 1928 yılında faaliyetlerine son verilecek olan bu idareye imparatorluk genelinde faaliyet yürütme yetkisi tanınmıştır. Bu nedenle idare geniş bir kadro yapılanması oluşturmuştur. Düyûn-ı Umûmîyye İdaresi, faaliyetlerini kesintisiz ve organize bir şekilde yürütmek için istihdam politikasını şekillendiren nizamnameyi 1901 yılında hazırlamıştır. Düyûn-ı Umûmîyye-i Osmaniye Varidat-ı Mahsusa İdaresi Memurin Nizamnamesi adıyla hazırlanmış olan bu metnin incelenmesiyle yapılan bu çalışmada idarenin istihdam politikası temel amaç olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çerçevede idarenin kuruluşu, idarenin örgütsel yapısı, kadro yapılanması ve memurların özlük hakları nizamname metni çerçevesinde değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, özellikle nizamnamede yer alan hükümlerin imparatorluk genelinde uygulamadaki karşılıkların neler olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Nitel araştırma yöntemiyle hazırlanan bu çalışma doküman incelemesine uygun olarak oluşturulmuştur. İmparatorluğun farklı bölgelerinde gerçekleşen gelişmelere dair örnekler, arşiv belgelerinin yanı sıra araştırma-inceleme eserlerden istifade edilerek değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler nizamnamede yer alan hükümlerin genellikle imparatorluk sahasında tatbik edilebildiğini göstermektedir.
KÖY ENSTİTÜLERİNDE SOSYAL VE KÜLTÜREL FAALİYETLER
Authors: Kurt Elif , Akandere Osman , Yıldız Yılmaz Nihal
Published: December 2024

Cumhuriyet’ in ilanı ile başlayan eğitim seferberliğinde köye öğretmen yetiştirme görevini ülkemize özgü kurumların başında gelen Köy Enstitüleri üstenmiştir. Dönemin Millî Eğitim Bakanı Hasan Âli Yücel ve İsmail Hakkı Tonguç’ un çabalarıyla 17 Nisan 1940 tarihinde kurulan Köy Enstitüleri, öğrencilerin çağdaş eğitim yoluyla maddi ve manevi çalışmalarını uygarlık düzeyine getirmeyi amaçlayan bir eğitim felsefesi benimsemiştir. Köy Enstitüleri müfredatında yer alan kültür derslerinde sanatsal, bedensel ve kültürel faaliyetlere oldukça fazla yer verilmiştir. Bu derslerden müzik, resim, spor, ulusal oyunlar, tiyatroya gerekli önem verilerek alanında uzman kişiler tarafından eğitimler sağlanmıştır. Bu eğitimlerin sonunda yurdun dört bir tarafında öğrencilere öğrendiklerini sergileme olanakları sunulmuştur. Enstitülerde okuma alışkanlığı kazandırmak amacıyla müfredatta yer alan serbest okuma saatlerine oldukça fazla önem verilmiştir. Yerli ve yabancı yazarlar tarafından yazılan eserler, öğrencilere okuma becerisi yanında yazma becerisi de kazandırmıştır. Çok sayıda yazılan kitap eleştirileri, piyesler, şiirler, haberler dergilerde yayınlanmıştır. Yaparak ve yaşayarak öğrenme yaklaşımını tam anlamıyla benimseyen Enstitülerde teorik olarak işlenen derslerin uygulamaları sınıf dışında bahçelerde, atölyelerde ya da yakın il veya ilçelerde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulama dersleri ile kültürel amaçlı inceleme gezilerinde öğrenciler yakın çevrelerindeki enstitülere giderek bilgi alışverişinde bulunmuşlardır. Gittikleri bölgelerde hem enstitülere hem de halka yönelik olarak imece yoluyla yardımlarda bulunmuşlardır. Enstitülerdeki tüm öğrenciler bu faaliyetlere katılım göstererek hep birlikte etkileşim içerisinde bulunmuşlardır. Bu sayede, öğrencilerin sosyal ve kültürel eğilimleri, yurt sevgisi, yardımlaşma, görev ve sorumluluk duygularını gelişip güçlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin toplumsal yaşamın gerekliği olan iş bölümü ve birlikteliğe alışmaları bu sayede daha kolay olmuş aynı zamanda da kalıcı hale gelmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen olarak gittikleri bölgelere öğrenmiş oldukları sosyal ve kültürel faaliyetleri aktararak çeşitlilik sağlanmasına olanak sağlamışlardır. Tüm bunların temelinde Cumhuriyetin hedeflerine uygun, geleceğe güvenle bakabilen, kültürünü benimseyen ancak yeni kültürler öğrenmeye açık olan bireylerin yetişmesi sayesinde küllerinden doğan kalkınmış bir ülke ortaya çıkacaktı. Tek yapılması gereken var güçleri ile çalışmak, çalışmak ve yine çalışmaktı!
ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİNİN II. MEŞRUTİYET İLE İTTİHAT VE TERAKKİ’YE BAKIŞI
Authors: Tütüncü Gülsüm
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin İkinci Meşrutiyet (II. Meşrutiyet) ile İttihat ve Terakki’ye bakışını genel bir tutum değerlendirmesi yaparak açıklamaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda cevabı aranan araştırma soruları; Cumhuriyet’in ilk kuşakları II. Meşrutiyet ile İttihat ve Terakki’yi birbirinden ayırmış mıdır? Yoksa bir bütün olarak mı görmüşlerdir? Tutumlarının olumlu ya da olumsuz olmasını etkileyen nedenler nelerdir? Çeşitli araştırmacıların savunduğu gibi İttihat ve Terakki ile Cumhuriyet’in Kemalist İdeolojisi arasındaki devamlılık Cumhuriyet’in ilk kuşakları tarafından dile getirilmiş midir? olarak belirlendi. Cumhuriyeti kuran kadroların çoğu II. Meşrutiyet döneminde az ya da çok rol almışlardı. Geçmişte içinde bulundukları bir döneme ilişkin tutumları bu yaşanmışlığın etkisi altındadır. Ayrıca Cumhuriyet’in II. Meşrutiyet ile İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’ne karşı takındığı tutum, kişisel tutumlara etki etmektedir. Araştırma sorularının cevaplandırılması ve tutumun belirlenmesi için kullanılan başlıca kaynaklar; Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin süreli yayınlarında başta Akşam, Son Posta, Milliyet ve Cumhuriyet gazetelerinde yayınlanan çoğunluğu hatırat kapsamında olan tefrikalardır. Tefrikaların içerdiği bilgiler öznel olmakla birlikte İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’nin tarihini oluşturmak için arşivine başvurulamaması nedeniyle değerlidirler. II. Meşrutiyet ile İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’nin tarih yazınının en fazla çalışılan konularından olması sebebiyle konuya ilişkin başlıca kitaplar değerlendirilerek, literatürün yaklaşımı da tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın kaynaklarına ilişkin tanıtım ve analiz çalışmanın başına dahil edilmiştir. Çalışma tutuma ilişkin bulgu ve değerlendirmelerini son bölüm olan “Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde Tefrikalara göre II. Meşrutiyet ile İttihat ve Terakki’ye Bakış” başlığı altında sunmaktadır. Sonuç bölümünde araştırmanın bulguları dahilinde araştırma sorularının yanıtları oluşturulmuş ve tefrikaların tutumlarına ilişkin hazırlanan tablo ışığında Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin İkinci Meşrutiyet ile İttihat ve Terakki’ye bakışı tespit edilmiştir.
İNGİLİZLER BOĞAZİÇİ KIYILARINDA: BİR İNGİLİZ MADEN YATIRIMCISI JOHN FRANCİS HOLCOMB READ (J.F.H.R.)’İN, SARIYER BAKIR MADENİNİ ELDE ETME ÇABASI
Authors: Erdem Sevim
Published: December 2024

İngiltere’de XVIII. yüzyılda başlayan sanayileşme süreci XIX. yüzyılda artarak devam etmiştir. İngiltere’nin artan üretim kapasitesi onu bir yandan hammadde temin edebileceği bir yandan da mamul mallarını satabileceği coğrafyalara yöneltmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti ekonomisi de XIX. yüzyılın ilk yarısından itibaren İngiltere ile daha sıkı ilişkiler içerisine girmeye başlamıştır. Tanzimat’la birlikte ticaret, altyapı yatırımları ve finans sektöründeki İngiliz etkisi belirgin bir şekilde artmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti, İngiliz sanayisine hammadde sağlayan devletlerden biriydi ve İngiltere’ye yapılan ihracatın en önemli kalemlerinden birini yeraltı kaynakları oluşturmuştur. Yeraltı kaynakları işlenmek üzere İngiltere’deki sanayi bölgelerine gönderilmiştir. Boğaziçi kıyılarında yer alan Sarıyer bakır madeni de İngiliz maden yatırımcılarının (Mösyö İvan ve ortakları, Mösyö Sava gibi) ilgi duyduğu bakır sahalarından biri olmuştur. Sarıyer bakır madeninin işletme hakkı 13 Eylül 1865’te iltizam usulü ile Hayriye Tüccarından Hacı Ali Ağa ve ortağı Bakırcı Lazari’ye yirmi beş seneliğine verilmiştir. Ancak İngiliz yatırımcılarının bu madene olan ilgisi devam etmiş ve John Francis Holcomb Read (J.F.H.R.) gibi isimler maden imtiyazını ele geçirme çabasında bulunmuştur. Bu makalede özellikle John Francis Holcomb Read’in Sarıyer bakır madeni imtiyazını ele geçirme isteği, teşebbüsü ve İngilizlerle yaşanan tartışmalı süreç ele alınmıştır. Makale, İngiltere’nin Osmanlı yeraltı kaynaklarına yönelik ilgisini ve bu çerçevede yaşanan ekonomik ve siyasi dinamikleri anlamak açısından önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır.
Инновационный подход design thinking для стимулирования креативности + "3с" студентов-русистов в билингвальной образовательной среде Словакии
Authors: Petrikova Anna
Published: December 2024

В статье проанализирован инновационный подход дизайн-мышления в контексте подготовки студентов-билингвов к будущей профессии преподавателя русского языка и литературы. Актуальность темы вызвана необходимостью формирования комплекса сквозных компетенций, обуславливающих готовность будущих специалистов к успешной карьере в быстро меняющихся современных условиях. В статье обосновано использование инновационного подхода design thinking в рамках курса «Основы интеркультурной и педагогической коммуникации», который посещают словацкие и украинские студенты. Редизайн курса соответствует цели обновления национальной системы в соответствии с Европейскими стандартами качества образования. Результаты наблюдения, процесса обучения, а также опроса подчеркивают эффективность данного подхода в стимулировании не только творческого мышления, но и других важных навыков, таких как: критическое мышление, коммуникация, сотрудничество.
“When a Lipan Woman Refuses Extinction”: Margo Tamez’s Dissidence against Settler-Colonial Violence at the U.S. | Mexico Border
Authors: Bańka Ewelina
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the collection of poetry, Father | Genocide,  by Lipan Apache poet, hersorian, and activist Margo Tamez. The work represents Tamez’s critique of border politics in the Texas-Mexico border region rooted in settler-colonial genocidal practices that have fragmented and traumatized generations of the Lipan Apaches and violently exploited their traditional lands. The border wall imagery remains central in the book and is used by the poet to demonstrate that the colossal structure is not only a material barrier but a manifestation of the ongoing physical, ideological, cultural, and psychosocial oppression. Truthing about the Lipan Apache peoples’ resilient existence in the shadow of the wall, Tamez creates a poetic story in which she restores, nurtures, and celebrates her people’s body, mind, and spirit. In so doing, she continues the role of Nde´ isdza´ ne´ (the People-Women)—traditional law-keepers who have governed, protected, and chronicled the life of Lipan Apache communities for generations.
Unmet Need for Family Planning in Spatial Analysis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Musafaah Musafaah , Haji Darise Lasari Hadrianti , Makful Martya Rahmaniati , Eryando Tris
Published: December 2024

Background: The unmet need for family planning is an indicator in monitoring and evaluating family planning programs in the decentralization era. Spatial analysis is an analytical tool that can understand the existence of family planning disparities among regions. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the application of spatial analysis in research related to the unmet need for family planning and to review its results.
Methods: The databases used in the literature search are PubMed, Scopus, and SpringerLink. The keywords used in the search were: “unmet need for family planning” OR “unmet need for contraception” AND (spatial OR geographic). Full-text articles from 2013 to 2022 were included.
Results: Of the 334 identified articles, 3 (three) articles were reviewed. The three studies used spatial analysis at the level of spatial data exploration by using global and local Moran Index tests, Getis-Ord Gi* local statistics, and natural break spatial techniques.
Conclusion: The use of advanced spatial analysis such as GWR and other regression analyzes is needed to investigate factors associated with regionally specific unmet need for family planning so that policy makers can allocate resources effectively
Addressing Challenges of Implementing Community First Responder Models based on National and International Experiences: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Naboureh Abbas , Farrokhi Mehrdad , Ahmadi Shokoufeh , Saatchi Mohammad , Layeghi Fereydoun , Khankeh Hamidreza
Published: December 2024

Background: This systematic scoping review aimed to investigate and delineate the dimensions of the Community First Responder (CFR) model implemented in emergency medical services (EMS) across different countries. The primary focus was on identifying key components and characteristics associated with CFR programs.
Methods: This study conducted an extensive search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) and grey literature sources (Google Scholar, official sites) until Mar 2023 using keywords related to community first responders. Initially, 14,135 articles were found. After removing duplicates and similar titles, 37 articles were reviewed. The analysis covered training, motivation, public awareness, emotional support for responders, coordination with ambulance staff, program development, and the impact on patient outcomes.
Results: This review revealed key dimensions and components common to CFR models worldwide. Notable findings included insights into the significance of training, the motivating factors for individuals joining CFR groups, public awareness regarding the role of CFRs, the importance of emotional support for CFRs, effective coordination with ambulance staff, development requirements of CFR programs, and the consequential effects of plan implementation on patient outcomes.
Conclusion: This systematic scoping review offers valuable insights into CFR models worldwide, enhancing understanding of their effectiveness, challenges, and capabilities. Its recommendations can influence policy, guide future research, and strengthen CFRs' contributions to emergency medical services.
Male Breast Cancer Biology, Screening, Treatment, and Follow-Up: A Narrative Review
Authors: Akbari Morteza , Nasiri Hadi , Ziaee Mojtaba
Published: December 2024

Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare type of cancer that affects men, accounting for only 1% of all cancers in men and all breast cancer cases worldwide. Its rarity is due to the differences in male endocrine function and the smaller amount of mammary tissue in males. Due to its infrequency, there is limited knowledge about the disease, and treatment recommendations are often based on extrapolation from clinical trial data involving female breast cancer patients. Men with MBC typically present in their 50s or older and may mistake a suspicious breast mass for a benign condition called gynecomastia. Various known risk factors contribute to breast cancer in men. Currently, there are no international randomized control trials (RCTs) specifically focused on MBC, and management guidelines are primarily derived from studies conducted among female patients. Localized and resectable cases of breast cancer typically require surgical intervention, followed by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or potentially utilizing recent advancements in immune-oncology agents. A comprehensive approach that involves a multidisciplinary team ensures appropriate treatment and can lead to favorable outcomes. However, screening for MBC is limited due to the lack of large-scale international RCTs demonstrating its effectiveness in reducing MBC-related mortality.
Factors Affecting the Subjective Health Status of Middle-Aged Retirees in Korea
Authors: Moon Heakyung , Noh Wonjung
Published: December 2024

Background: Countries that are becoming aging societies are struggling to establish financial support policies due to their increasing numbers of retired people. In particular, the increase in middle-aged retirees has been reported as unusual and influenced by various factors. This study aimed to identify the subjective health conditions of middle-aged retirees and explore the factors that help provide basic data for developing health-related programs for them.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 7,893 people who participated in the 6th Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging in 2016. Among them, the data of 315 participants were analyzed. A theoretical framework guided the use of multiple regression analysis to examine the factors related to the subjective health status of middle-aged retirees.
Results: The significant factors influencing the subjective health status were socioeconomic status (middle/high: β=.14, P=.005), number of chronic diseases (β=-.11, P=.035; above 2: β=-.38, P<.001), depression (β = -.17, P<.001), and retirement satisfaction (β=.32, P<.001).
Conclusion: This study can help policymakers create effective retirement programs for middle-aged individuals and re-socialize them by enhancing physical and psychological support.
Unlocking Success: Determining Predictors of High-Performance among COMBI Community Health Volunteers in Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya
Authors: Izmanuddin Fitri Abdul Razak Muhammad , Fauzi Fatimah Ahmad , Zulkefli Nor Afiah Mohd
Published: December 2024

Background: Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) are crucial in achieving universal health coverage and vital in public health activities, including the COMBI (Communication for Behavioral Impact) approach for dengue prevention and control and assessing the performance of COMBI CHVs are essential in evaluating the program effectiveness. We aimed to measure the level of performance and determine predictors of high-performance among COMBI CHVs in Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 among 285 COMBI CHVs from 5 health operational zones in Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. The CHVs were stratified proportionately, with 45.5% of respondents randomly selected from each stratum based on their zones. Self-administered questionnaires assessed their performance level and associated factors, including training, supervision, knowledge, motivation, and job satisfaction. Chi-square and Multiple Logistic Regression tests were used to determine the factors and predictors of high-performance COMBI CHVs.
Results: The prevalence of high-performance COMBI CHVs was 59.3%, significantly associated with training factors (experience, duration, and adequacy of training), supervision factors (being supervised, supervision frequency, and encouragement from supervision), motivation and job satisfaction level. As for significant predictors, having at least one day of training (AOR=14.557), being supervised by medical personnel (AOR=4.997), having a high motivation level (AOR=5.538) and having a high job satisfaction level (AOR=4.562) were more likely to have a high-performance level.
Conclusion: Training duration, supervisor background, motivation and job satisfaction can contribute to high-performance levels among COMBI CHVs, which can applied in evidence-based policies and strategies for performance improvement and more effective community healthcare delivery.
Longitudinal Association between Employment Pressure and Suicidal Ideation among Recent Graduates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Chen Mingsheng , Zheng Mingjuan
Published: December 2024

Background: The aim was to explore the relationships among employment pressure, ego depletion, negotiable fate, and recent graduates’ suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A total of 2703 recent graduates completed two times questionnaires that measured employment pressure, ego depletion, negotiable fate and suicidal ideation in the current study.
Results: 1) employment pressure positively predicts suicidal ideation among recent graduates; 2) ego depletion mediates the association between employment pressure and recent graduates’ suicidal ideation; and 3) negotiable fate moderates the associations of employment pressure with ego depletion and suicidal ideation, while the relationships of employment pressure with ego depletion and suicidal ideation are stronger for recent graduates with a strong belief in negotiable fate.
Conclusion: Ego depletion and negotiable fate play a significant role between employment pressure and recent graduates’ suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. This still needs to be noted in the post-epidemic era.
Butterfly Pea and Roselle Combination Extracts Reduce V-CAM, ICAM, and IL-6 Levels in High Fat Atherogenic Diet Rats
Authors: Harefa Karnirius , Ritonga Ahmad Hafizullah , Safitri Riri , Aritonang Barita , Gurusinga Rahmad , Irmayani Irmayani , Wulan Sri
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis, driven by inflammation and oxidative stress, increases the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Flavonoids in butterfly pea and roselle are known for their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. While their individual effects on cardiovascular health have been studied, no studies have explored the combined impact on atherosclerosis biomarkers, including vascular cell adhesion molecules (VCAM)-1, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and interleukin (IL)-6. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the synergistic effects of butterfly pea and roselle combination extracts (BPRCE) on these biomarkers.METHODS: A study with a post-test control group design using 36 male white rats was performed. The rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups; 1 group was fed with standard feed, while 5 groups were fed with a high-fat atherogenic diet (HFAD) to create atherosclerosis rat models. The HFAD rats were given either no treatment, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC), 300, 400, or 500 mg/kgBW BPRCE. Serum levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and IL-6 of rats were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods.RESULTS: Increasing doses of BPRCE resulted in a significant reduction in VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and IL-6 compared to the other groups. The group with the highest dose, 500 mg/kgBW BPRCE, showed the greatest reduction of VCAM-1 level (32.73±3.57 pg/mL), ICAM-1 level (5.68±1.17 ng/mL), and IL-6 levels (21.49±4.62 pg/mL).CONCLUSION: Administration of BPRCE in atherosclerosis rats model reduces VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. This study showed that using BPRCE as a traditional remedy for preventing and treating CHD at an optimal dose of 500 mg/kgBW might be a potential future application in reducing atherosclerosis biomarkers.KEYWORDS: VCAM-1, ICAM-1, IL-6, butterfly pea, rosella, atherosclerosis