bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Simulation of Stress Concentration and Intraocular Pressure in Corneas Subjected to Myopic Refractive Surgical Procedures
Authors: Shih Po-Jen , Wang I-Jong , Cai Wen-Feng , Yen Jia-Yush
Published: October 2017

Recent advances in the analysis of corneal biomechanical properties remain difficult to predict the structural stability before and after refractive surgery. In this regard, we applied the finite element method (FEM) to determine the roles of the Bowman’s membrane, stroma, and Descemet’s membrane in the hoop stresses of cornea, under tension (physiological) and bending (nonphysiological), for patients who undergo radial keratotomy (RK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), or small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). The stress concentration maps, potential creak zones, and potential errors in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements were further determined. Our results confirmed that the Bowman’s membrane and Descemet’s membrane accounted for 20% of the bending rigidity of the cornea, and became the force pair dominating the bending behaviour of the cornea, the high stress in the distribution map, and a stretch to avoid structural failure. In addition, PRK broke the central linking of hoop stresses and concentrated stress on the edge of the Bowman’s membrane around ablation, which posed considerable risk of potential creaks. Compared with SMILE, LASIK had a higher risk of developing creaks around the ablation in the stroma layer. Our FEM models also predicted the postoperative IOPs precisely in a conditional manner.
Silicon Photonics Transmitter with SOA and Semiconductor Mode-Locked Laser
Authors: Moscoso-Mártir Alvaro , Müller Juliana , Hauck Johannes , Chimot Nicolas , Setter Rony , Badihi Avner , Rasmussen Daniel E. , Garreau Alexandre , Nielsen Mads , Islamova Elmira , Romero-García Sebastián , Shen Bin , Sandomirsky Anna , Rockman Sylvie , Li Chao , Sharif Azadeh Saeed , Lo Guo-Qiang , Mentovich Elad , Merget Florian , Lelarge François , Witzens Jeremy
Published: October 2017

We experimentally investigate an optical link relying on silicon photonics transmitter and receiver components as well as a single section semiconductor mode-locked laser as a light source and a semiconductor optical amplifier for signal amplification. A transmitter based on a silicon photonics resonant ring modulator, an external single section mode-locked laser and an external semiconductor optical amplifier operated together with a standard receiver reliably supports 14 Gbps on-off keying signaling with a signal quality factor better than 7 for 8 consecutive comb lines, as well as 25 Gbps signaling with a signal quality factor better than 7 for one isolated comb line, both without forward error correction. Resonant ring modulators and Germanium waveguide photodetectors are further hybridly integrated with chip scale driver and receiver electronics, and their co-operability tested. These experiments will serve as the basis for assessing the feasibility of a silicon photonics wavelength division multiplexed link relying on a single section mode-locked laser as a multi-carrier light source.
Measurement of Crystalline Silica Aerosol Using Quantum Cascade Laser–Based Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Wei Shijun , Kulkarni Pramod , Ashley Kevin , Zheng Lina
Published: October 2017

Inhalation exposure to airborne respirable crystalline silica (RCS) poses major health risks in many industrial environments. There is a need for new sensitive instruments and methods for in-field or near real-time measurement of crystalline silica aerosol. The objective of this study was to develop an approach, using quantum cascade laser (QCL)-based infrared spectroscopy (IR), to quantify airborne concentrations of RCS. Three sampling methods were investigated for their potential for effective coupling with QCL-based transmittance measurements: (i) conventional aerosol filter collection, (ii) focused spot sample collection directly from the aerosol phase, and (iii) dried spot obtained from deposition of liquid suspensions. Spectral analysis methods were developed to obtain IR spectra from the collected particulate samples in the range 750–1030 cm−1. The new instrument was calibrated and the results were compared with standardized methods based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. Results show that significantly lower detection limits for RCS (≈330 ng), compared to conventional infrared methods, could be achieved with effective microconcentration and careful coupling of the particulate sample with the QCL beam. These results offer promise for further development of sensitive filter-based laboratory methods and portable sensors for near real-time measurement of crystalline silica aerosol.
Transcription factor TFEB cell-autonomously modulates susceptibility to intestinal epithelial cell injury in vivo
Authors: Murano Tatsuro , Najibi Mehran , Paulus Geraldine L. C. , Adiliaghdam Fatemeh , Valencia-Guerrero Aida , Selig Martin , Wang Xiaofei , Jeffrey Kate , Xavier Ramnik J. , Lassen Kara G. , Irazoqui Javier E.
Published: October 2017

Understanding the transcription factors that modulate epithelial resistance to injury is necessary for understanding intestinal homeostasis and injury repair processes. Recently, transcription factor EB (TFEB) was implicated in expression of autophagy and host defense genes in nematodes and mammalian cells. However, the in vivo roles of TFEB in the mammalian intestinal epithelium were not known. Here, we used mice with a conditional deletion of Tfeb in the intestinal epithelium (TfebΔIEC) to examine its importance in defense against injury. Unperturbed TfebΔIEC mice exhibited grossly normal intestinal epithelia, except for a defect in Paneth cell granules. TfebΔIEC mice exhibited lower levels of lipoprotein ApoA1 expression, which is downregulated in Crohn’s disease patients and causally linked to colitis susceptibility. Upon environmental epithelial injury using dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), TfebΔIEC mice exhibited exaggerated colitis. Thus, our study reveals that TFEB is critical for resistance to intestinal epithelial cell injury, potentially mediated by APOA1.
Live Cell Imaging Reveals pH Oscillations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae During Metabolic Transitions
Authors: Dodd Benjamin J. T. , Kralj Joel M.
Published: October 2017

Addition of glucose to starved Saccharomyces cerevisiae initiates collective NADH dynamics termed glycolytic oscillations. Numerous questions remain about the extent to which single cells can oscillate, if oscillations occur in natural conditions, and potential physiological consequences of oscillations. In this paper, we report sustained glycolytic oscillations in single cells without the need for cyanide. Glucose addition to immobilized cells induced pH oscillations that could be imaged with fluorescent sensors. A population of cells had oscillations that were heterogeneous in frequency, start time, stop time, duration and amplitude. These changes in cytoplasmic pH were necessary and sufficient to drive changes in NADH. Oscillators had lower mitochondrial membrane potentials and budded more slowly than non-oscillators. We also uncovered a new type of oscillation during recovery from H2O2 challenge. Our data show that pH in S. cerevisiae changes over several time scales, and that imaging pH offers a new way to measure glycolytic oscillations on individual cells.
RNase 7 participates in cutaneous innate control of Corynebacterium amycolatum
Authors: Walter Stephanie , Rademacher Franziska , Kobinger Nicole , Simanski Maren , Gläser Regine , Harder Jürgen
Published: October 2017

Nondiphtheria corynebacteria are typical members of the skin microbiota. However, in addition to being harmless inhabitants of healthy skin commensal skin-derived corynebacteria such as C. amycolatum occasionally also cause infections. This suggests that human skin must harbor adequate mechanisms to control the growth of corynebacteria on the skin surface. Here we show that keratinocytes are able to detect the presence of C. amycolatum leading to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-dependent induction of the antimicrobial protein RNase 7. C. amycolatum-mediated induction of RNase 7 was also confirmed in a human 3D skin equivalent. The functional relevance of these findings was demonstrated by potent antimicrobial activity of RNase 7 against C. amycolatum and C. xerosis. In addition, the capacity of human stratum corneum to restrict the growth of C. amycolatum was significantly attenuated when RNase 7 was inactivated by a specific RNase 7-neutralizing antibody. Taken together, the interaction of RNase 7 with C. amycolatum indicates that RNase 7 may function as important effector molecule to control the growth of corynebacteria on human skin.
Fungal community structure of fallen pine and oak wood at different stages of decomposition in the Qinling Mountains, China
Authors: Yuan Jie , Zheng Xiaofeng , Cheng Fei , Zhu Xian , Hou Lin , Li Jingxia , Zhang Shuoxin
Published: October 2017

Historically, intense forest hazards have resulted in an increase in the quantity of fallen wood in the Qinling Mountains. Fallen wood has a decisive influence on the nutrient cycling, carbon budget and ecosystem biodiversity of forests, and fungi are essential for the decomposition of fallen wood. Moreover, decaying dead wood alters fungal communities. The development of high-throughput sequencing methods has facilitated the ongoing investigation of relevant molecular forest ecosystems with a focus on fungal communities. In this study, fallen wood and its associated fungal communities were compared at different stages of decomposition to evaluate relative species abundance and species diversity. The physical and chemical factors that alter fungal communities were also compared by performing correspondence analysis according to host tree species across all stages of decomposition. Tree species were the major source of differences in fungal community diversity at all decomposition stages, and fungal communities achieved the highest levels of diversity at the intermediate and late decomposition stages. Interactions between various physical and chemical factors and fungal communities shared the same regulatory mechanisms, and there was no tree species-specific influence. Improving our knowledge of wood-inhabiting fungal communities is crucial for forest ecosystem conservation.
Nomogram for Predicting Cardiovascular Mortality in Incident Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Xia Xi , Zhao Chen , Luo Qimei , Zhou Qian , Lin Zhenchuan , Guo Xiaobo , Wang Xueqin , Lin Jianxiong , Yang Xiao , Yu Xueqing , Huang Fengxian
Published: October 2017

Cardiovascular mortality risk is high for peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients but it varies considerably among individuals. There is no clinical tool to predict cardiovascular mortality for PD patients yet. Therefore, we developed a cardiovascular mortality risk nomogram in a PD patient cohort. We derived and internally validated the nomogram in incident adult PD patients randomly assigned to a training (N = 918) or a validation (N = 460) dataset. The nomogram was built using the LASSO Cox regression model. Increasing age, history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes were consistent predictors of cardiovascular mortality. Low hemoglobin and serum albumin, high hypersensitive C-reactive protein and decreasing 24 hours urine output were identified as non-traditional cardiovascular risk predictors. In the validation dataset, the above nomogram performed good discrimination (1 year c-statistic = 0.83; 3 year c-statistic = 0.78) and calibration. This tool can classify patients between those at high risk of cardiovascular mortality (high-risk group) and those of low risk (low-risk group). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly different in the internal validation set of patients for the high-risk group compared to the low-risk group (HR 3.77, 2.14–6.64; p < 0.001). This novel nomogram can accurately predict cardiovascular mortality risk in incident PD patients.
SERS-fluorescence bimodal nanoprobes forin vitroimaging of the fatty acid responsive receptor GPR120
Authors: Xiao Lifu , Parchur Abdul K. , Gilbertson Timothy A. , Zhou Anhong
Published: October 2017

Multi-functional hybrid nanoparticles are synthesized for fluorescence-SERS bimodal imaging of GPR120in vitro.
Catalytic transient leaving group for atom-economic synthesis of allenes from 2-alkynols
Authors: Zhang Wanli , Huang Chaofan , Yuan Yuan , Ma Shengming
Published: October 2017

An atom economic approach to multi-substituted allenes from propargylic alcohols with water as the only byproduct has been established.
Roles of conformational disorder and downhill folding in modulating protein–DNA recognition
Authors: Chu Xiakun , Muñoz Victor
Published: October 2017

Transcription factors search for their target DNA siteviaa mix of conventional 3D diffusion and 1D diffusion along the DNA molecule. We find that the presence of conformational disorder on the protein domain that binds DNA enables a gliding mode that results in accelerated 1D diffusion.
Design of an efficient coherent multi-site single-molecule rectifier
Authors: Perrin Mickael L. , Doelman Matthijs , Eelkema Rienk , van der Zant Herre S. J.
Published: October 2017

We propose the design of a multi-site single-molecule diode with a rectification ratio exceeding a million.
Thermodynamic assessment of the oxygen reduction activity in aqueous solutions
Authors: Tripkovic Vladimir
Published: October 2017

The hydrogen bonding of hydrophilic oxygen reduction intermediates to water has large effects on scaling relations and volcano plots.
A study on the diffusivity of polymers in crowded environments with periodically distributed nanoparticles
Authors: Huang Xiao-Wei , Peng Yi , Huang Jian-Hua , Luo Meng-Bo
Published: October 2017

Two novel diffusion behaviors of polymers at low temperature: a minimum at an intermediate inter-particle distance and oscillation with polymer length.
CO2 reduction catalysis by tunable square-planar transition-metal complexes: a theoretical investigation using nitrogen-substituted carbon nanotube models
Authors: Chan Yu-Te , Tsai Ming-Kang
Published: October 2017

The CO2 reduction capabilities of transition-metal-chelated nitrogen-substituted carbon nanotube models (TM-4N2v-CNT, TM = Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pt or Cu) are characterized by density functional theory.
Theoretical study on the gas adsorption capacity and selectivity of CPM-200-In/Mg and CPM-200-In/Mg–X (–X = –NH2, –OH, –N, –F)
Authors: Liu Xiao-le , Chen Guang-hui , Wang Xiu-Jun , Li Peng , Song Yi-bing , Li Rui-yan
Published: October 2017

The CO2 absorption capacity of MOFs at 273 K and 1 bar.
Adsorption of AuxCuy (x + y = 1, 2, 3) nanoclusters on the anatase TiO2(101) surface and their catalytic activity: a density functional theory study
Authors: Jiang Zong-You , Zhao Zong-Yan
Published: October 2017

The adsorption of AuxCuy (x + y = 1, 2, 3) nanoclusters on the anatase TiO2(101) surface were studied in detail using density functional theory. The introduction of Cu atoms in Au clusters not only significantly reduces the cost, but also changes the catalytic process of Au/TiO2, which may be helpful to some catalytic reactions.
High thermoelectric performance of α-MgAgSb for power generation
Authors: Liu Zihang , Mao Jun , Sui Jiehe , Ren Zhifeng
Published: October 2017

α-MgAgSb based materials have recently gained popular attentions as a new promising p-type candidate for power generation.
Metal-free synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles using surfactants in aqueous medium
Authors: Kumar Amrendra , Ramanand Ramanand , Tadigoppula Narender
Published: October 2017

An efficient and metal-free method has been developed for the synthesis of polysubstituted pyrrole derivatives with combination of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Triton X-100 surfactants using water as a solvent at room temperature in 2–6 h and under microwave conditions (10 min) with good to excellent yields.
A highly-occupied, single-cell trapping microarray for determination of cell membrane permeability
Authors: Weng Lindong , Ellett Felix , Edd Jon , Wong Keith H. K. , Uygun Korkut , Irimia Daniel , Stott Shannon L. , Toner Mehmet
Published: October 2017

A passive pumping, single-cell trapping microarray was developed to monitor volumetric change of multiple, single cells following hypertonic exposure.
Characterization of the superlattice region of a quantum cascade laser by secondary ion mass spectrometry
Authors: Michałowski Paweł Piotr , Gutowski Piotr , Pierścińska Dorota , Pierściński Kamil , Bugajski Maciej , Strupiński Włodek
Published: October 2017

Non-uniform oxygen contamination in the superlattice region of a quantum cascade laser measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry.
Fast-switching electrochromic properties of mesoporous WO3 films with oxygen vacancy defects
Authors: Koo Bon-Ryul , Ahn Hyo-Jin
Published: October 2017

Mesoporous WO3 films with oxygen vacancy defects fabricated via camphene show multifunctional electrochromic properties of ultrafast switching speeds and high coloration efficiency.
Perfluorinated HDAC inhibitors as selective anticancer agents
Authors: Walton James W. , Cross Jasmine M. , Riedel Tina , Dyson Paul J.
Published: October 2017

Perfluorinated histone deacetylase inhibitors show more potent cytotoxicity and greater selectivity towards ovarian carcinoma cells over human embryonic kidney cells, compared to the clinically-approved inhibitor, SAHA.
Glass surface modification via Cu(0)-mediated living radical polymerization of fluorinated and non-fluorinated acrylates
Authors: Enayati Mojtaba , Abbaspourrad Alireza
Published: October 2017

The glass surface was modified via Cu(0)-mediated living radical polymerization of butyl acrylate and trifluoroethyl methacrylate by using the grafting from and grafting to methodologies.
Thiol–ene polymerization of oligospiroketal rods
Authors: Wessig Pablo , Schulze Tanja , Pfennig Alexandra , Weidner Steffen M. , Prentzel Sascha , Schlaad Helmut
Published: October 2017

The nucleophilic thiol–ene (thia-Michael) reaction between molecular rods bearing terminal thiols and bis-maleimides was investigated.
Photo-crosslinkable comb-type copolymers bearing a benzophenone moiety for the enhanced swelling kinetics of hydrogels
Authors: Lee Eunsu , Kim Dowan , Yang Seung Yun , Oh Jin-Woo , Yoon Jinhwan
Published: October 2017

The fast responding 3D hydrogel object was fabricated using developed photo-crosslinkable copolymers bearing grafted PNIPAm and a benzophenone moiety.
Factors influencing fast ion transport in glyme-based electrolytes for rechargeable lithium–air batteries
Authors: Saito Morihiro , Yamada Shinya , Ishikawa Taro , Otsuka Hiromi , Ito Kimihiko , Kubo Yoshimi
Published: October 2017

To elucidate the factors affecting Li-ion transport in glyme-based electrolytes, six kinds of 1.0 M tetraglyme (G4) electrolytes were prepared containing a Li salt (LiSO3CF3, LiN(SO2CF3)2, or LiN(SO2F)2) or different concentrations (0.5, 2.0, or 2.7 M) of LiN(SO2CF3)2.
Ni3+ doped cobalt–nickel layered double hydroxides as high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors
Authors: Sun H. M. , Ye Y. X. , Tian Z. F. , Wu S. L. , Liu J. , Liang C. H.
Published: October 2017

Ni3+ doped Co0.55Ni0.45-LDHs present a high rate specific capacitance and good cycling stability as supercapacitor electrode materials.
Secondary school chemistry teacher's current use of laboratory activities and the impact of expense on their laboratory choices
Authors: Boesdorfer Sarah B. , Livermore Robin A.
Published: October 2017

In the United States with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)'s emphasis on learning science while doing science, laboratory activities in the secondary school chemistry continues to be an important component of a strong curriculum. Laboratory equipment and consumable materials create a unique expense which chemistry teachers and schools must deal with if laboratory activities are part of the chemistry curriculum. While other barriers impacting teachers' use of laboratory activities have been researched, the impact of expense on teachers' choices is not as clear. This study sought to understand secondary school chemistry teachers' current laboratory practices and the impact expense has on their use of laboratory activities in their classroom. Using an online survey and follow-up interviews, the study found that a majority of secondary chemistry teachers surveyed use laboratory activities, though not always including scientific practices advocated by NGSS. The frequency of laboratory activities used by teachers was not statistically impacted by school type, available funds for materials, or processes to obtain funds, but was impacted by teachers' personal ideas. Interviews provided more information about the teachers using laboratory activities regularly and those not. While most teachers are using laboratory activities regularly at the current funding levels, expense, in terms of monetary and time expenses, was shown to impact the specific choice of laboratory activity. Implications for chemistry curriculum reform including the usage of laboratory activities in chemistry courses are discussed along with implications for chemistry teacher professional development.
One-dimensional diamondoid polyaniline-like nanothreads from compressed crystal aniline
Authors: Nobrega Marcelo M. , Teixeira-Neto Erico , Cairns Andrew B. , Temperini Marcia L. A. , Bini Roberto
Published: October 2017

One-dimensional diamondoid polyaniline-like nanothreads combine the outstanding mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes with the versatility of NH2 groups.
Hexathioalkyl sumanenes: an electron-donating buckybowl as a building block for supramolecular materials
Authors: Shoji Yoshiaki , Kajitani Takashi , Ishiwari Fumitaka , Ding Qiang , Sato Hiroyasu , Anetai Hayato , Akutagawa Tomoyuki , Sakurai Hidehiro , Fukushima Takanori
Published: October 2017

The synthesis and assembly behavior of hexathioalkyl sumanenes, having a different feature of surface electrostatic potential from non-substituted sumanene, are described.
Amino acid/crown ether hybrid materials: how charge affects liquid crystalline self-assembly
Authors: Bader Korinna , Neidhardt Manuel M. , Wöhrle Tobias , Forschner Robert , Baro Angelika , Giesselmann Frank , Laschat Sabine
Published: October 2017

Introduction of charge simply converted non-conventional tyrosine/crown ether liquid crystals into ionic liquid crystals under change of mesophase type.
Discovery of a novel, large pore phase in a bimetallic Al/V metal–organic framework
Authors: Depauw Hannes , Nevjestić Irena , Wang Guangbo , Leus Karen , Callens Freddy , De Canck Els , De Buysser Klaartje , Vrielinck Henk , Van Der Voort Pascal
Published: October 2017

A new series of bimetallic COMOC-2(V)/DUT-5(Al) frameworks are developed and fully characterized.
Alterations in endothelin type B receptor contribute to microvascular dysfunction in women who have had preeclampsia
Authors: Stanhewicz Anna E. , Jandu Sandeep , Santhanam Lakshmi , Alexander Lacy M.
Published: October 2017

Microvascular dysfunction originating during a preeclamptic pregnancy persists postpartum and probably contributes to increased CVD risk in these women. One putative mechanism contributing to this dysfunction is increased vasoconstrictor sensitivity to endothelin-1 (ET-1), mediated by alterations in ET-1 receptor type-B (ETBR). We evaluated ET-1 sensitivity, ETAR, and ETBR contributions to ET-1-mediated constriction, and the mechanistic role of ETBR in endothelium-dependent dilation in vivo in the microvasculature of postpartum women who had preeclampsia (PrEC, n=12) and control women who had a healthy pregnancy (HC, n=12). We hypothesized that (1) PrEC would have a greater vasoconstrictor response to ET-1, and (2) reduced ETBR-mediated dilation. We further hypothesized that ETBR-blockade would attenuate endothelium-dependent vasodilation in HC, but not PrEC. Microvascular reactivity was assessed by measurement of cutaneous vascular conductance responses to graded infusion of ET-1 (10−20–10−8 mol/l), ET-1 + 500 nmol/l BQ-123 (ETAR-blockade), and ET-1 + 300 nmol/l BQ-788 (ETBR-blockade), and during graded infusion of acetylcholine (ACh, 10−7–102 mmol/l) and a standardized local heating protocol with and without ETBR-inhibition. PrEC had an increased vasoconstriction response to ET-1 (P=0.02). PrEC demonstrated reduced dilation responses to selective ETBR stimulation with ET-1 (P=0.01). ETBR-inhibition augmented ET-1-mediated constriction in HC (P=0.01) but attenuated ET-1-mediated constriction in PrEC (P=0.003). ETBR-inhibition attenuated endothelium-dependent vasodilation responses to 100mmol/l ACh (P=0.04) and local heat (P=0.003) in HC but increased vasodilation (ACh: P=0.01; local heat: P=0.03) in PrEC. Women who have had preeclampsia demonstrate augmented vasoconstrictor sensitivity to ET-1, mediated by altered ETBR signaling. Furthermore, altered ETBR function contributes to diminished endothelium-dependent dilation in previously preeclamptic women.
Quels sont les besoins de traitement chez l’adulte ? Une évaluation sur 258 cas par l’IOTN
Authors: Gebeile-Chauty Sarah , Birraux William
Published: October 2017

Introduction : L’objectif de cette étude épidémiologique était d’évaluer le besoin de traitement orthodontique sur un échantillon d’adultes vivant en France. Matériels et méthodes : L’indicateur retenu était la composante dentaire IOTN (Index of orthodontic treatment need). Résultats : Sur les 258 adultes évalués, 37 % des patients avaient un besoin important et 21 % un besoin modéré; 29 % des 35 ans et moins avaient un besoin de traitement important contre 47 % des plus de 35 ans, le besoin de traitement augmentant avec l’âge. Les anomalies occlusales les plus fréquemment rencontrées étaient les migrations dentaires suite à un édentement non compensé (situation qui concernait 22 % des sujets). Il s’agissait de la seule anomalie occlusale dont la fréquence augmentait significativement avec l’âge. Parmi les patients ayant un édentement non compensé, deux tiers avaient des migrations dentaires nécessitant un traitement orthodontique. Discussion : Certes largement utilisé dans la littérature, l’indicateur IOTN est discuté : toutes les caractéristiques évaluées sont des éléments susceptibles de perturber la longévité, le fonctionnement ou encore l’esthétique de la denture excluant ainsi toute autre considération. Le besoin de traitement chez l’adulte en France serait donc supérieur au besoin chez l’adolescent et augmenterait avec l’âge essentiellement du fait des pertes dentaires non compensées.
L’orthodontie d’Alexis Schange en 1841
Authors: Philippe Julien
Published: October 2017

Introduction : Alexis Schange fut l’un des premiers praticiens à disposer de moulages exacts des arcades dentaires, grâce à l’invention du porte-empreinte par Delabarre. Ainsi ses diagnostics furent-ils plus précis et ses appareils mieux ajustés que ceux de ses prédécesseurs. Matériels et méthodes : À travers une présentation de l’Orthodontie avant Schange, puis l’apparition des premiers moulages, l’auteur nous présente ce qu’Alexis Schange a apporté à l’Orthodontie. Discussion : En 1841, Schange publia un «Précis sur le redressement des dents». Cet ouvrage, clair et pédagogique est, sans doute, le meilleur de la longue période pendant laquelle l’orthodontie fut exclusivement européenne.
Quelles sont les caractéristiques céphalométriques des « bons » et des « mauvais » dans les dessins animés ?
Authors: Weiss Alexandre , Villat Cyril , Poitel Alban , Gebeile-Chauty Sarah
Published: October 2017

Introduction : L’objectif de l’étude est de rechercher le lien entre certaines caractéristiques physiques du visage et l’intention de donner un caractère psychologique «bon» ou «mauvais» aux personnages de dessins animés. Matériels et méthodes : Nous avons réalisé 60 tracés céphalométriques et comparé, à l’aide de tests statistiques, les profils. Résultats : Le profil «mauvais» se rapprocherait plus du profil «normal» humain réel que le profil «bon». Les profils perçus dans les dessins animés comme «bons» seraient stéréotypés. Ainsi, tout profil sortant de la norme peut être interprété comme désagréable et associé à des traits de caractères «mauvais». Le profil-type du personnage «mauvais» possède un nez plus long (proéminence nasale plus grande), une proéminence mentonnière plus importante (angle cutané H plus important) et un étage supérieur plus grand que l’étage inférieur, ce qui est l’inverse du profil-type du personnage «bon». Discussion : Ces portraits types traduisent et influencent les préjugés (inconscients) du jeune et moins jeune spectateur (et du dessinateur) envers ses semblables.
Effets de la disjonction maxillaire rapide sur la rétention des canines chez les patients présentant un déficit squelettique transversal maxillaire
Authors: Wolff Julien , Rinkenbach Renaud , Grollemund Bruno , Wagner Delphine
Published: October 2017

Introduction :Cette étude porte sur les effets de la disjonction maxillaire rapide sur la propension à l’inclusion canine chez des patients présentant un déficit transversal squelettique maxillaire.Matériels et méthodes :En suivant la méthode par sectorisation décrite par Ericson et Kurol et modifiée par Lindauer,et al., une série de clichés panoramiques (OPT) pris avant et après disjonction a été étudiée en comparant l’évolution de la position de la pointe de la canine maxillaire en fonction de son recouvrement ou non par rapport à l’incisive latérale homolatérale, en fonction du côté et du sexe. La cohorte était constituée de 193 patients, tous traités par disjoncteur palatin soudé sur bagues.Résultats :Une amélioration statistiquement significative concernant la position de la canine maxillaire a été observée toutes catégories confondues. Le traitement par disjonction est efficace dans 87 % des cas de notre échantillon. Il n’existe pas de différences significatives en fonction du côté et du sexe.
Perception esthétique de la position verticale des bords libres des incisives latérales maxillaires dans l’arc du sourire
Authors: Stolz Sophie , Lefebvre François , Bolender Yves , Kanter Daniel
Published: October 2017

Introduction : L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer la perception esthétique de différents niveaux verticaux des bords libres des incisives latérales maxillaires dans l’arc du sourire. Matériels et méthodes : Une photographie frontale du sourire d’une femme caucasienne a été altérée numériquement pour obtenir une image où les bords libres des incisives latérales maxillaires étaient symétriquement tangents à l’arc du sourire. Ces bords libres ont ensuite été déplacés verticalement par incréments de 0,5 mm. La valeur était considérée positive pour un déplacement en direction occlusale, négative en direction gingivale. Quatre autres images ont ainsi été obtenues en déplaçant les bords libres de +0,5 mm à -1,5 mm. Les cinq images ont été notées sur une échelle visuelle analogique par trois groupes d’évaluateurs : orthodontistes, chirurgiens-dentistes, profanes. Une analyse statistique des données a été réalisée. Résultats : Les profanes ont préféré, dans l’ordre, des incisives latérales tangentes à l’arc du sourire, un décalage de +0,5 mm et enfin un décalage de -0,5 mm. Les orthodontistes et les chirurgiens-dentistes ont préféré, dans l’ordre, un décalage de -0,5 mm, puis un décalage nul. Discussion : L’appréciation esthétique du sourire, concernant les rapports verticaux entre les bords libres des dents antérieures, diffère entre les profanes et les professionnels mais elle est similaire pour les orthodontistes et les chirurgiens-dentistes. La situation la plus consensuelle sur le plan esthétique, tant du point de vue des professionnels que de celui des profanes, est celle qui correspond aux bords libres des incisives latérales tangents à l’arc du sourire.
Intérêt prophylactique et thérapeutique des chewing-gums sans sucre en orthodontie. Une étude menée auprès de professionnels de santé et de patients
Authors: Ferney Pauline , Clauss François , Offner Damien , Wagner Delphine
Published: October 2017

Objectif : L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer le niveau de connaissances des professionnels de santé bucco-dentaire et des patients au sujet du rôle prophylactique et thérapeutique de la consommation des chewing-gums sans sucre. Matériels et Méthodes : Une étude transversale monocentrique de perception portant sur le niveau d’information relatif aux effets de la consommation des chewing-gums sans sucre a été menée auprès de 135 patients adolescents, âgés de 11 à 17 ans, porteurs d’un dispositif orthodontique fixe et traités au sein de l’Unité Fonctionnelle d’Orthopédie Dento-Faciale du pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, et de 34 praticiens au sein de l’Unité Fonctionnelle d’Orthopédie Dento-Faciale et d’Odontologie Pédiatrique. Les données ont été recueillies entre mai 2016 et juillet 2016. Deux questionnaires distincts, à la terminologie adaptée, ont été élaborés pour chacune des deux populations, ils abordent les mêmes thématiques. Résultats : La majorité des individus des deux populations étudiées pensent que la consommation de chewing-gum sans sucre entraîne un risque accru de décollement ou de fracture de l’appareil orthodontique et qu’elle ne permet pas une diminution de la douleur orthodontique. Discussion : Nos résultats corroborent le fait que les connaissances, le plus souvent acquises de façon empirique, sont à l’encontre des données de la littérature actuelle. L’évaluation du niveau de connaissance prouve qu’il existe un réel déficit d’information quant aux intérêts prophylactiques de la consommation des chewing-gums sans sucre chez les patients porteurs d’un dispositif orthodontique. Conclusions : Cette étude met en évidence le besoin de campagnes d’information et de prévention bucco-dentaire destinées aussi bien aux professionnels de santé qu’au grand public portant sur les intérêts prophylactiques et antalgiques des chewing-gums sans sucre dans le cadre des traitements orthodontiques.
Ernährungsempfehlungen beim metabolisch-vaskulären Syndrom
Authors: Lechner Katharina , Erickson Nicole , Lechner Benjamin , Horn Florian
Published: October 2017

Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death globally. Poor diet constitutes a key factor in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease and has become the leading risk factor for disability and death worldwide. Therefore, addressing suboptimal nutrition is of key prognostic relevance in primary and secondary prevention of metabolic vascular syndrome.

Metabolic vascular syndrome is a multidimensional network of acquired cardiometabolic risk factors closely related to insulin resistance (IR) and concomitant hyperinsulinemia. IR, being the underlying cause of metabolic vascular syndrome and certain types of cancer, should attract the attention of every clinician. As changes in lipoprotein metabolism are one of the earliest indicators of metabolic dysfunction, a relevant biomarker for identifying individuals with IR is the TAG/HDL-C ratio.

IR – and concomitant metabolic vascular risk – can be effectively treated by lifestyle intervention. If IR is present, dietary carbohydrate restriction has consistently been shown to be superior to dietary fat restriction in reversing metabolic dysfunction. The beneficial effects of carbohydrate restricted diets on metabolic vascular risk are independent of BMI – diet quality therefore confers patient benefit beyond weight reduction.

The effect of single nutrients on isolated lipid surrogate markers such as LDL-C does not capture their global effect on metabolic vascular risk.

Targeting IR with a low glycemic load, real food diet will reduce overall energy density and will improve all risk factors of metabolic vascular syndrome. In particular, replacing refined carbohydrates with healthy fats in the context of a Mediterranean style-, low carbohydrate and calorie-unrestricted dietary pattern has been shown to significantly reduce burden of metabolic vascular disease.
Biomarker in der Diagnostik, Therapie und Prognose infektiöser Lungenerkrankungen
Authors: Unnewehr M. , Kolditz M. , Windisch W. , Schaaf B.
Published: October 2017

Biomarker spielen eine bedeutende Rolle im Management infektiöser Lungenerkrankungen, wenngleich bisher nur ansatzweise gezeigt werden konnte, dass biomarkergestützte Therapien klinischen Strategien überlegen sind.

Etablierte Indikationen für die Verwendung von Biomarkern sind die Steuerung der antibiotischen Therapiedauer der ambulant erworbenen Pneumonie (CAP) über PCT, die Entscheidung gegen Antibiotika im ambulanten Bereich über CRP oder PCT sowie die Verlaufsevaluation der CAP aus der Kinetik von CRP oder PCT.

Für die Prognosebeurteilung der CAP stehen die Standard-Biomarker der akuten Organdysfunktion wie z. B. Leukozyten- und Thrombozytenzahl, Kreatinin/Harnstoff sowie Laktat in Zusammenschau mit der Klinik im Vordergrund.

Das MR-pro-ADM könnte die Diagnostik in Zukunft weiter bereichern. Ein völlig neuartiges und zukünftig vielsprechendes Konzept ist die genetische Transkriptomanalyse.
Optische Kohärenztomografie in der Neurologie – Methodik und Anwendung in Forschung und Klinik
Authors: Zimmermann Hanna , Brandt Alexander , Paul Friedemann
Published: October 2017

Die hochauflösende optische Kohärenztomografie (OCT) als nicht-invasives und rasch anwendbares bildgebendes Verfahren zur Untersuchung und Quantifizierung neuro-axonalen Schadens an der Netzhaut hat in den letzten Jahren zunehmend Eingang in die klinische Forschung inclusive interventioneller Studien in der Neurologie, v. a. auf dem Gebiet entzündlicher Erkrankungen, gefunden. Aktuell ist die OCT in der Lage, die Schädigung bzw. Veränderung verschiedener Netzhautschichten (z. B. der Nervenfaserschicht, der Ganglionzellschicht oder der inneren Körnerschicht) bei zahlreichen neurologischen Erkrankungen wie Optikusneuritis, Multiple Sklerose, Neuromyelitis optica, Susac-Syndrom aber auch primär neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen wie M. Parkinson, M. Alzheimer oder spinozerebellären Ataxien darzustellen. In vielen Fällen konnte eine gute Korrelation zwischen mit der OCT quantifizierter struktureller Netzhautschädigung und funktionellen visuellen Beeinträchtigungen inclusive der visuellen Lebensqualität gezeigt werden, was die klinische Relevanz der OCT-Befunde unterstreicht. Ob diese neue bildgebende Technologie Eingang in die klinische Routine-Diagnostik finden wird und für die Diagnostik und Verlaufsbeurteilung individueller Patienten geeignet ist, wird aktuell intensiv erforscht. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Grundzüge der OCT-Technologie und die wichtigsten OCT-Befunde in Assoziation mit funktionellen Visusbefunden mit einem Schwerpunkt auf den entzündlichen Erkrankungen, für die bislang die meisten Daten vorliegen. Schließlich wird der mögliche zukünftige Einsatz in klinischen Studien und der klinischen Routine diskutiert.
Schwerer hämorrhagischer Schock bei einem 93-jährigen Patienten nach diagnostischer Pleurapunktion
Authors: Rupprecht H. , Dormann H. , Gaab K.
Published: October 2017

Eine Verletzung der Interkostalgefäße bei einer Pleurapunktion ist eine seltene iatrogene Komplikation und betrifft vor allem geriatrisches Patientengut. Wir berichten über das Notfallmanagement bei einem 93-jährigen Patienten mit schwerem hämorrhagischen Schock nach einer diagnostischen Pleurapunktion.
SICKO. Development of a Multi-Disciplinary Training-Concept for Paediatric Oncology
Authors: Tiroke Petra , Sänger Birte , Mücke Urs , Berndt Lea , Wittenbecher Henrike , Grigull Lorenz
Published: October 2017

Background Treating children with cancer requires multiple different skills. For the healthcare personnel (HCP) in Germany the practice of ongoing training to improve professional skills is almost non-existent. Therefore, we developed a programme called ‘SICKO’ to support HCPs skills and attitudes by means of a multidisciplinary workshop.

Methods Following a qualitative analysis, we then designed a modular (3 day) workshop. During day one (8 h) participants learn practical skills, the fundamentals of chemotherapy, and effective communication skills. Workshop day 2 (8 h) includes education regarding the complications of cancer therapy (e. g. tumour-lysis syndrome, delayed methotrexate excretion), and their management. Topics during day 3 (8 h) include ‘breaking bad news’, conflict management in the team, infusion-related complications and ‘crew resource management’ (CRM).

Results 43 nurses and 33 physicians participated between 2013 and 2015. All participants highly recommend the workshop. Participants felt that knowledge increased significantly after workshops and were more confident regarding challenging communications.

Discussion/Conclusions Although long-term effects have not yet been evaluated, ‘SICKO’ offers the opportunity for HCP to train and experience simulated day-to-day challenges in the field of paediatric oncology.
Validity and Reliability of the Apple Watch for Measuring Heart Rate During Exercise
Authors: Khushhal Alaa , Nichols Simon , Evans Will , Gleadall-Siddall Damien , Page Richard , O'Doherty Alasdair , Carroll Sean , Ingle Lee , Abt Grant
Published: October 2017

We examined the validity and reliability of the Apple Watch heart rate sensor during and in recovery from exercise. Twenty-one males completed treadmill exercise while wearing two Apple Watches (left and right wrists) and a Polar S810i monitor (criterion). Exercise involved 5-min bouts of walking, jogging, and running at speeds of 4 km.h−1, 7 km.h−1, and 10 km.h−1, followed by 11 min of rest between bouts. At all exercise intensities the mean bias was trivial. There were very good correlations with the criterion during walking (L: r=0.97; R: r=0.97), but good (L: r=0.93; R: r=0.92) and poor/good (L: r=0.81; R: r=0.86) correlations during jogging and running. Standardised typical error of the estimate was small, moderate, and moderate to large. There were good correlations following walking, but poor correlations following jogging and running. The percentage of heart rates recorded reduced with increasing intensity but increased over time. Intra-device standardised typical errors decreased with intensity. Inter-device standardised typical errors were small to moderate with very good to nearly perfect intraclass correlations. The Apple Watch heart rate sensor has very good validity during walking but validity decreases with increasing intensity.
Ro-vibronic transition intensities for triatomic molecules from the exact kinetic energy operator; electronic spectrum for the C̃ 1B2 ← X̃ 1A1 transition in SO2
Authors: Zak Emil J. , Tennyson Jonathan
Published: October 2017

A procedure for calculating ro-vibronic transition intensities for triatomic molecules within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation is reported. Ro-vibrational energy levels and wavefunctions are obtained with the DVR3D suite, which solves the nuclear motion problem with an exact kinetic energy operator. Absolute transition intensities are calculated both with the Franck-Condon approximation and with a full transition dipole moment surface. The theoretical scheme is tested on C̃ 1B2 ← X̃ 1A1 ro-vibronic transitions of SO2. Ab initio potential energy and dipole moment surfaces are generated for this purpose. The calculated ro-vibronic transition intensities and cross sections are compared with the available experimental and theoretical data.
Influence of iron substitution by selected rare-earth ions on the properties of NiZn ferrite fillers and PVC magneto-polymer composites
Authors: Ušák Elemír , Ušáková Mariana , Dosoudil Rastislav , Šoka Martin , Dobročka Edmund
Published: October 2017

Nickel-zinc ferrites are very important soft magnetic materials from the point of view of diverse technical applications (such as, e.g., various electronic devices and components) for their high magnetic permeability and permittivity, low core loss, high resistivity, high Curie temperature as well as mechanical strength and chemical stability. Due to their good absorbing properties, they can be used as microwave absorbing and shielding materials with the aim of decreasing the environmental pollution caused by non-ionizing microwave radiation. The ferrite material incorporated into the polymer matrix creates qualitatively new magneto-polymer composite material taking benefits from both components. The properties typical for polymers (elasticity, mouldability, etc.) are combined with good high-frequency magnetic parameters, thus allowing to utilize these materials, e.g., in high-frequency applications where especially flexibility of composite materials plays a key role. Small amounts of selected rare-earth (RE) ions, in particular Y3+, La3+, Eu3+ and Gd3+ have been embedded into the nickel-zinc ferrite that has been used as the magnetic filler in magnetic polymer composites with polyvinylchloride (PVC) acting as the polymeric matrix. The effect of various types of rare-earth ions on the structural as well as quasi-static and dynamic (electro)magnetic properties of the ferrite fillers as well as ferrite/PVC composites, in particular the frequency dispersion of the complex permeability, has been studied.
Spectroscopic properties of photosystem II reaction center revisited
Authors: Gelzinis Andrius , Abramavicius Darius , Ogilvie Jennifer P. , Valkunas Leonas
Published: October 2017

Photosystem II (PSII) is the only biological system capable of splitting water to molecular oxygen. Its reaction center (RC) is responsible for the primary charge separation that drives the water oxidation reaction. In this work, we revisit the spectroscopic properties of the PSII RC using the complex time-dependent Redfield (ctR) theory for optical lineshapes [A. Gelzinis et al., J. Chem. Phys. 142, 154107 (2015)]. We obtain the PSII RC model parameters (site energies, disorder, and reorganization energies) from the fits of several spectra and then further validate the model by calculating additional independent spectra. We obtain good to excellent agreement between theory and calculations. We find that overall our model is similar to some of the previous asymmetric exciton models of the PSII RC. On the other hand, our model displays differences from previous work based on the modified Redfield theory. We extend the ctR theory to describe the Stark spectrum and use its fit to obtain the parameters of a single charge transfer state included in our model. Our results suggest that ChlD1+PheoD1− is most likely the primary charge transfer state, but that the Stark spectrum of the PSII RC is probably also influenced by other states.
Theoretical spectroscopic parameters for isotopic variants of HCO+ and HOC+
Authors: Mladenović Mirjana
Published: October 2017

Theoretical spectroscopic parameters are derived for all isotopologues of HCO+ and HOC+ involving H, D, 16O, 17O, 18O, 12C, and 13C by means of a two-step procedure. Full-dimensional rovibrational calculations are first carried out to obtain numerically exact rovibrational energies for J = 0–15 in both parities. Effective spectroscopic constants for the vibrational ground state, ν1, ν2, and ν3 are determined by fitting the calculated rovibrational energies to appropriate spectroscopic Hamiltonians. Combining our vibration-rotation corrections with the available experimental ground-state rotational constants, we also derive the new estimate for the equilibrium structure of HCO+, re(CH) = 1.091 98 Å and re(CO) = 1.105 62 Å, and for the equilibrium structure of HOC+, re(HO) = 0.990 48 Å and re(CO) = 1.154 47 Å. Regarding the spectroscopic parameters, our estimates are in excellent agreement with available experimental results for the isotopic variants of both HCO+ and HOC+: the agreement for the rotational constants Bv is within 3 MHz, for the quartic centrifugal distortion constants Dv within 1 kHz, and for the effective ℓ-doubling constants qv within 2 MHz. We thus expect that our results can provide useful assistance in analyzing expected observations of the rare isotopologues of HCO+ and HOC+ that are not yet experimentally known.