bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Opera Be Brought to the Masses?
Authors: Currie Graeme , Hobart Carrie
Published: July 2002

Addresses the question as to whether opera can be brought to the masses
(defined as socio‐economic groups other than A and B). First, it
describes the methodology used in collecting the data. Goes on to
describe and analyse the audience profile of opera‐goers, and
non‐opera‐goers, in terms of demographic, psychographic, and geographic
analysis, and to establish reasons for attendance and non‐attendance
among different social groups, based on culture, motivation, and
attitude. Finally, makes recommendations in the form of a marketing mix
to encourage a wider audience for opera.
Putting the Byte on Family
Authors: Moss Karen
Published: July 2002

Since Family Assurance started life in 1975 the society has grown to
become the UK′s largest tax‐exempt friendly society. In 1994 the first
phase of a new computer system – FACE, for Family Assurance Client
Environment – will come on‐stream. Describes how the core of the new
system, the in‐house marketing database, was set up to optimize direct
mailing activity, improve client selection for mailings and help
determine campaigns and product design. Assesses the success of the
system so far and potential benefits in the future.
Intelligent marketing information systems:
Authors: Amaravadi Chandra S. , Samaddar Subhashish , Dutta Siddhartha
Published: July 2002

Marketing knowledge and expertise are a critical corporate resource
for carrying out strategic decision making that supports marketing
functions. Intelligent marketing information systems (IMkIS) can offer a
way for marketing managers to share knowledge and expertise. Such
sharing could help improve the economics and effectiveness of the
marketing function. Traditional marketing information systems (MkIS) are
limited in their managerial support capabilities. Unlike MkIS, an IMkIS
incorporates, among other features, the use of a knowledge base of
marketing strategies. Discusses the shortcomings of an MkIS and then
offers a framework of IMkIS relationships illustrating information
exchanges among various subgroups of the organization. Furthermore,
offers a design of an IMkIS based on this framework. Demonstrates the
creation of a knowledge base by capturing the strategic marketing moves
of a corporation for the case of PepsiCo, by using published information
sources. Of course, production versions of such systems will make use of
in‐house corporate knowledge. Provides illustrative queries. Discusses
implications for IMkIS for the present and future.
Strategic dimensions in marketing planning
Authors: Kinra Neelam
Published: July 2002

Asks to what extent the process of strategic marketing planning is
different among large and small‐to‐medium‐sized companies. Reports on a
survey undertaken into approaches to strategic dimensions in marketing
planning among a sample of television manufacturing companies. Finds
that while a broad customer orientation does indeed prevail among large,
medium and small companies, they are only vaguely conscious of their
mission or business purpose. Claims that despite this fact, management
philosophies and corporate image are strongly supportive to the
development of marketing strategies. Finds evidence that shows that
large‐sized companies see more prospects in terms of intensive growth
strategies through market penetration in the domestic market, with
future prospects being identified in terms of new product development in
the domestic market, rather than in exploring new market development
possibilities in overseas markets. Small/medium‐sized companies are more
concerned with market development through identifying new untapped
segments in the domestic market. Concludes that the majority of firms
being small in size, strategic marketing planning as it is being
practised requires much more consistency between company mission,
objectives and stated growth strategies despite the dynamism in the mood
of the industry itself.
Allocating the promotional budget: revisiting the advertising and promotion‐to‐sales ratio
Authors: Stewart David
Published: July 2002

Examines in detail a recent model devised to explain the ratio of promotional expenditure to sales, based on only three variables: market growth, market share, and their interaction. Although its simplicity would suggest that it offers a powerful tool for managing promotional budgets, finds that when the model is applied to a particular consumer market, it is inadequate. Suggests and tests some improvements to the model.
Global marketing challenges and opportunities for manufacturers’ representatives
Authors: Stephens Marilyn
Published: July 2002

Global marketing expansion is being widely promoted in both the professional and domestic communities. Domestic markets alone cannot provide the revenue and growth opportunities required by many business organizations. Many business firms want to sell in international markets but lack the expertise and financial resources to sell overseas effectively. In domestic markets, manufacturers’ representatives currently provide the sales function for many such firms, especially small manufacturers. Investigates the potential role that manufacturers’ representatives will play in global marketing expansion. A survey of 119 representative agencies was made to identify and study their experiences and/or perceptions about expanding their client base to world markets. Results show that 60 per cent of representatives were optimistic about their future opportunities in a global economy but were hardly aggressive (up to now) when it comes to entering world markets. Over 80 per cent of the representatives had enquiries from foreign principals, but only 47 per cent initiated the contacts. Moreover, only 23 per cent sought global markets for their current principals’ products.
Marketing public relations: conceptual legitimacy or window dressing?
Authors: Kitchen Philip J. , Papasolomou Ioanna C.
Published: July 2002

Explores the development of the marketing public relations (MPR) concept examining the arguments advanced concerning MPR’s emergence and legitimacy to be a separate marketing or PR discipline. Some marketing academics suggest that MPR should be incorporated into the marketing discipline whereas the majority of PR academics argue that MPR represents a further attempt by marketeers to “hijack” PR, incorporating it into the promotional mix. Indeed, certain academics claim that MPR may evolve into a new marketing or PR discipline separate from corporate public relations. The research is compared with the findings from a review of pertinent literature. Exploratory findings indicate that what MPR represents is merely a new term for PR applied to marketing promotion. However, the fact that a new label has been applied does not amount to the emergence of a new marketing discipline. MPR would appear to enjoy a growing importance in the expensive world of marketing communication activities.
The five Vs ‐ a buyer’s perspective of the marketing mix
Authors: Bennett Anthony R.
Published: July 2002

Advances the case for a new marketing paradigm: a paradigm that is driven by the needs of the market, rather than the organization. Examines the notion of targeting, from the perspective of the buyer, a concept labelled by the author as “buyer disposition” ‐ the process undertaken by buyers when sourcing a product or service. Argues that the disposition of the buyer towards a product or service, or supplier, during the sourcing process can be represented by five criteria, termed the “five Vs”: value, viability, volume, variety and virtue. Proposes that the five Vs can be used in conjunction with the marketing mix to enable a supplier or provider to achieve a more detailed understanding of the buying process, and ultimately of product/service adoption. Argues that a fundamental understanding of buyers’ needs and wants, through the eyes of the buyer, will help to generate a stronger and more strategic focus on the achievement of marketing objectives.
Brand strategy needs turning back to front
Authors: van Mesdag Martin
Published: July 2002

Defines the purpose of a brand as the profitable continuity of the organization that owns it, and the priority of the brand owner as the determination of the exact group of people for whom it caters and then to establish, maintain and strengthen the growth of the brand. Discusses the issues of brand compatibility, brand personality, brand naming and exploitation of a brand.
Methodology issues in cross‐cultural sourcing research ‐ a primer
Authors: Tamer Cavusgil S. , Das Ajay
Published: July 2002

Methodological consistency and rigour continue to be remaining challenges in cross‐cultural research. Scholars need to reach a degree of standardization in the choice and application of research methods in conducting research across national and cultural boundaries. Seeks to propose a general framework for conducting cross‐cultural research and to demonstrate the use of such a framework to a specific research domain ‐ global sourcing activities. In the process reviews the existing empirical work in global sourcing and illustrates the application of appropriate research procedures.
Americansogo shosha:American trading companies in the twenty‐first century
Authors: Herbig Paul , Shao Alan T.
Published: July 2002

Japanese General Trading Companies orsogo shoshashave been instrumental in the phenomenal Japanese economic miracle of the last 40 years. In 1982, the USA passed the Export Trading Company Act to home grow its ownsogo shoshas; to date the Act has been ineffective ‐ yet the need remains. Examines what trading companies are and what functions they perform. Observes the steps that need to be taken to make them profitable and successful. Postulates that trading companies are an integral part of this country’s future.
Maximising the effectiveness of Web‐based marketing communications
Authors: Hoey Clive
Published: July 2002

Explores the nature and potential of marketing communications in hypermedia, and assesses the role of computer‐mediated communication to assist the marketing communications mix. The activities of one company (MCB UP Ltd) are reviewed, as it develops its Web site towards a high value‐added, effective and integrated marketing communications environment. Explains why Internet marketers must provide high value‐added Internet resources, allowing communication both with and between players in the organisation’s supply chain. The impact of computer‐mediated “connectivity” and “interactivity” is discussed in terms of the effectiveness of Web‐based marketing communications. Commercial opportunities for capitalising on the marketing potential of “virtual communities” are identified. Examples of how such communities may be created and sustained are presented.
Communication in the salesperson/customer dyad: an empirical investigation
Authors: Gillis Claire , Pitt Leyland , Robson Matthew J. , Berthon Pierre
Published: July 2002

The “Sales Orientation‐Customer Orientation (SOCO)” scale, is a popular and insightful measure used for determining the degree to which salespeople have a long‐term‐oriented, customer‐focused selling approach. Endeavours to investigate applicability of the SOCO scale in the context of the pharmaceutical industry’s salesperson‐general practitioner relationship. Found that the SOCO scale possesses reliability. Furthermore, discovers a significant rift between a salesperson’s perception of his/her orientation and their customer’s perception of his/her particular orientation.
Information as a product: not goods, not services
Authors: Freiden Jon , Goldsmith Ronald , Takacs Scott , Hofacker Charles
Published: July 2002

Recent decades have witnessed an explosion in the quantity of information being produced, which in turn has created vast opportunities for information‐based businesses. The time has come for information to be treated as a unique product along ‐ side goods and services. But is information an intangible good or an imperishable service? In this paper we discuss the unique properties of information as a product and propose that information be distinguished conceptually and thus marketed differently from both goods and services. We offer recommendations for marketing practice that apply uniquely to information. Finally, implications for marketing theory, marketing research, and directions for future research into the marketing of information are presented.
IMC: a consumer psychological perspective
Authors: Hackley Christopher , Kitchen Philip
Published: July 2002

The concept of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) is receiving increasing attention in many academic and practioner media, primarily from an organisational perspective. Yet, influence of integrated communications programmes on consumers is difficult to establish in the literature. Consideration of IMC seems unpromising unless the concept itself can be grounded within a psychological perspective of consumer cognition. This paper is an attempt to conceptually explore these concerns. The paper commences with a discussion of broad issues facing contemporary research in marketing communications and strongly suggests that multidisciplinary approaches may offer greater insight than unidisciplinary ones. The authors then briefly, and selectively, introduce questions concerning the psychological assumptions underpinning theoretical work in marketing communications and speculate on implications these assumptions may have for a consumer psychology of IMC. The final strand of the argument considers the cognitivist notion of social cognition and contrasts this with the social constructionist view with regard to theoretical implications both views may have for a psychology of integrated marketing communications. We conclude by suggesting possible interpretations with practical implications for marketing communications practitioners.
Do consumers’ star signs influence what they buy?
Authors: Mitchell V.‐W. , Tate Elizabeth
Published: July 2002

Original and provocative findings that date of birth could have an effect on consumption prompted replication of this exploratory work. Date of birth potentially combines the measurement advantages of demographics with the psychological insights of psychographics when interpreted through an astrological framework. Using a different general household survey data set, consumption was again found to vary by date of birth within the alcohol, leisure and cigarette markets. Implications for segmentation and promotion are discussed.
International purchasing practices of US and Indian managers: a comparative analysis
Authors: Motwani Jaideep , Ahuja Suraj
Published: July 2002

The study of US and Indian managers has been undertaken in response to the continuous increase in global activity in the area of purchasing. This study is a step in the direction of fulfilling the information requirements of purchasing managers around the globe. Based on the statistical findings, it can be concluded that there existed a significant difference in the purchasing practices of US and Indian managers. Recommendations and future directions are provided.
A customer‐focused planning approach to make‐to‐order production
Authors: Yeh Chung‐Hsing
Published: July 2002

Presents a customer‐focused approach to effective planning of make‐to‐order production, in which production activities are driven by customer orders and all products are made to customers’ specifications. The approach plans, schedules, and co‐ordinates production activities, based on the needs of individual customer orders. In particular, an integrated bill of material and routeing data structure is used to effectively organise production data in response to product specifications of customer orders. It facilitates the creation of production jobs with varying routeings and material requirements. A job‐oriented finite capacity scheduling system is used to effectively accommodate specific needs of individual customer orders. It allows for realistic setting of delivery dates and negotiation of order changes. Key features of the approach presented show its effectiveness in planning multi‐item customer orders and multi‐level products.
Extending the value of ERP
Authors: Hillman Willis T. , Hillary Willis‐Brown Ann
Published: July 2002

Two distinct phases of ERP have been identified. The first phase refers to the changes that an organization undergoes in transforming from the old system and “going live” with the ERP system. The second phase, also called the second wave of ERP, refers to the actions subsequent to ERP implementation, that enable the organization to achieve the full capabilities and benefits of ERP. The paper examines the problems organizations frequently experience with ERP implementations, and suggests strategies for extending the value of ERP systems.
Flow manufacturing – necessity, benefits, and implementation: a case study
Authors: Motwani Jaideep , Mohamed Zubair M.
Published: July 2002

In this case study, flow manufacturing implementation at Acme International, a toilet bowl and seat manufacturer, is described. Flow manufacturing, is a pull‐driven strategy; its main principle is that daily production rate can be synchronized with demand. Thus, customer service is improved while costs are reduced through improved quality, minimum or zero inventory, and elimination of non‐productive time by rearranging equipment and personnel. In the case of Acme, the lead time was reduced by 68 percent while at the same time the defect rate was reduced by 62.5 percent.
A Method for Assessing JIT Effectiveness
Authors: Kazazi Abolfazl
Published: July 2002

It is not sufficient just to make the decision to implement just‐in‐time
(JIT) and then let events run their course. It is important also to have
in place an auditing procedure that can monitor that JIT is being
implemented efficiently and correctly. These procedures should ideally
monitor performance and ensure that potential benefits are being
derived. Items in the present checklist are based on both entensive
examination of JIT literature, in order to identify major factors, and
three years′ study of JIT implementation. The procedure monitors 77
items, divided into five groups, covering all aspects of manufacturing
organization.
Computer integrated manufacturing
Authors: Anjard Ronald P.
Published: July 2002

The hope that profitability can be increased or maximized with
automation has been the driving force for computer integrated
manufacturing (CIM). The CIM concept is a combination of all
production‐related activities to be completely integrated by means of
computer‐supported systems. Provides an overview of the various
objectives and uses of CIM in manufacturing industry.
Expert systems in the marketing organization
Authors: Stone Robert W. , Good David J.
Published: July 2002

Examines the value of expert systems in marketing organizations
through a national mail survey of 117 marketing executives. All the
examined respondents reported the successful use of expert systems in
their organizations. The results indicate that while expert systems
provide operational benefits (e.g. they assist in making decisions more
quickly), they also present new problems (e.g. increased security needs)
that the adopting organization must consider. Based on these results,
discusses implications for managers regarding the encouragement of the
adoption and use of expert systems. Also presents questions concerning
expert systems which require additional investigation.
The effect of discretion, outcome feedback, and process feedback on
employee job satisfaction
Authors: McAfee Bruce , Quarstein Vernon , Ardalan Alireza
Published: July 2002

A recent article reported that employees′ performance increased
when they were allowed to chose the production method and were provided
with the outcome feedback on their performance. Extends that study by
analysing the effect of discretion, outcome feedback, and process
feedback on employee satisfaction. The results of the experiments
indicate that, although providing discretion and outcome feedback
improved employee satisfaction, the improvement was statistically
insignificant. The more interesting result indicates that satisfaction
was significantly improved when employees were provided with process
feedback in addition to discretion and outcome feedback.
Cutting the paper chain with EDI
Authors: Hodgson Robert
Published: July 2002

Until electronic data interchange (EDI) reaches a business manager
audience, it still has inertia to overcome. These are the people who can
harness the real advantages that EDI developments provide and to whom
the article is addressed. Discusses all the practical problems of
implementing EDI, from the initial choice of the type of system to
common problems with electronic trading partners. Includes the three
main types of EDI systems and the advantages of each, together with some
basic design criteria for EDI software. Places emphasis on the impetus
that EDI can give to change dated working practices. This is the real
commercial secret of EDI.
Just‐in‐time implementation in the Scottish electronics industry
Authors: Mould Gill , King Maureen
Published: July 2002

Central Scotland has been successful in replacing many of its
traditional industries with a network of over 300 electronics
manufacturers and suppliers creating the area popularly known as
“Silicon Glen”. Silicon Glen appears to be a very suitable
site for the implementation of just‐in‐time (JIT) production systems
with both electronics manufacturers and suppliers concentrated in the
same geographical area. Contrasts the theory and practice of JIT
implementation in “Silicon Glen” and assesses its success in
six companies currently operating JIT production systems. The main
conclusion is that JIT has been implemented in a variety of forms, with
companies selecting the aspects of JIT that are most suitable for their
manufacturing process and competitive strategy. JIT is proving highly
successful and is bringing substantial gains in quality and efficiency.
PC‐based financial software: emerging options
Authors: Tavakolian Hamid
Published: July 2002

When an organization acquires a computer system, accounting is
normally the first business application that is computerized. In the
past most business had to develop their own accounting software, or
continue to operate without one, because of the lack of suitable
off‐the‐shelf accounting software packages. In recent years, software
companies have been developing a wide spectrum of accounting software
packages and currently there are well over 100 accounting software
packages on the market ranging from simple cheque‐book programs to
powerful modular systems. Selecting the right accounting package has
become increasingly complex, and a business needs to evaluate various
accounting packages to select one that will best satisfy the company′s
current and future financial information needs.
The most useful software for executives
Authors: Chiusolo Eric , Kleiner Brian H.
Published: July 2002

Software, to be useful to executives, must be flexible, easy‐to‐use
and enable executives to digest vast amounts of information in a way
that diminishes their computer inhibitions. Describes the
characteristics and technical aspects of executive information systems
(EISs), a class of software that meets the requirements of executives in
all their many and varied roles.
Beyond MRPII: a new approach to manufacturing planning and simulation
Authors: Chambers Nick
Published: July 2002

Describes the capabilities and applications of new, cost‐effective advanced planning systems software designed to run alongside and improve the value and performance of existing manufacturing resource planning (MRPII) systems by adding comprehensive, iterative and accelerated simulation to achieve optimization of all factors before committing to business‐critical decisions.
Windows of opportunity: timing and entry strategies
Authors: Ridgman Tom
Published: July 2002

Looks at the importance of product development in business and considers why, with so much attention being directed to process improvement, the success rate is still so low. Contends that while there are critical competences and a convergence towards a “best” process the problems often arise in the translation from the generic to the specific project. Identifies two new tools ‐ a time‐based approach to process mapping and the decision node analysis technique ‐ and suggests that these, together with a focus on risk management, can assist in developing a tailored approach to improving new product development.
Network‐based project planning and scheduling
Authors: Khamooshi Homayoun
Published: July 2002

Discusses the twofold purpose of this study, first to introduce a number of measures devised to be used in comparing and evaluating two schedules for the same project, second to present and evaluate a heuristic procedure developed in this research for solving the resource constrained project scheduling problem. Posits that the new procedure is based on the notion that a project can be partitioned into a number of sections and there is no obligation to use a single policy all the way through all the sections of project. Shows that this research is also an attempt to bridge the gap between the theory and practice by eliminating the question of which priority rule to use for which project. Develops a new model showing that selecting from a number of priority rules is not required and, using the measures of performance introduced, decides on a suitable schedule from the schedules produced under varied assumptions is shown to be much easier. Concludes with suggestions for further research.
Business process re‐engineering: lessons from the past
Authors: Drago William , Geisler Eliezer
Published: July 2002

Examines problems that have arisen over the past four years in the application of business process re‐engineering (BPR) to “real world” companies. Major problem areas include lack of sufficient preparation, problems associated with implementation, organizational weaknesses, weaknesses inherent in BPR and problems that develop in the aftermath of BPR. Then provides guidelines to minimize the emergence of these problems and improve the potential for success of future re‐engineering efforts.
The status of information systems department: the effects of downsizing
Authors: Udo Godwin J.
Published: July 2002

In today’s volatile economy, organizations are constantly exploring avenues to remain competitive. Information systems (IS) downsizing is one of the strategies used by many organizations in continued efforts for survival. There are considerable risks and rewards to the various units within the firm including the IS department associated with downsizing strategy. Empirical studies that evaluate the impact of the process on the IS department are needed to help organizations better manage their information technologies and systems. This study investigates the real impacts of IS downsizing on the IS department as perceived by IS managers of those companies whose IS had been downsized. With a pre‐tested survey instrument, the study compares 12 critical characteristics of 98 IS departments before and after the downsizing process. The gains and drawbacks of IS downsizing are also analysed based on key indicators that are emphasized in the literature. The results indicate that IS downsizing has definite benefits and drawbacks. The findings also show that the net gains on some of the key indicators are not as significant as the IS downsizing proponents may claim.
A comparative analysis of manufacturing practices of small vs large West Michigan organizations
Authors: Motwani Jaideep G. , Jiang James J. , Kumar Ashok
Published: July 2002

This study was initiated to develop insights into the strategic directions and operational priorities West Michigan manufacturing organizations are setting for themselves. Specifically, this study examines the applicability and actual implementation of operations strategy elements by small and large West Michigan manufacturing organizations. Sixty‐seven West Michigan firms participated in this study. The results indicate that large firms are more advanced when it comes to the implementation of six of the seven operations strategies.
Objectives for adopting advanced manufacturing systems: promise and performance
Authors: Small Michael H.
Published: July 2002

Presents the results of an exploratory investigation of the level of importance that firms place on several business and technical objectives when they are considering AMT adoption. Mail survey data obtained from 125 manufacturing firms in the USA that had adopted a wide variety of AMT are used in this analysis. On average, these firms had placed the highest levels of importance on improving product quality, reducing manufacturing leadtimes, reducing per unit production costs and improving responsiveness to changing customer needs. Lower levels of importance were reported for the market‐based objectives of increasing market share and gaining earlier entrance to market. In addition, although firms had also ascribed lower levels of importance to the organizational adaptation benefits of developing an integrated organization and developing management expertise, they were satisfied that implementation of the technologies had a positive influence on achieving these benefits. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the 15 benefits that were investigated in this study can be viewed as representing three interdependent dimensions: technical/operational objectives, total quality management‐based objectives, and business or marketing‐based objectives.
The new generation office environment: the home office
Authors: Tunyaplin Suratin , Lunce Stephen , Maniam Balasundram
Published: July 2002

Reports the results of a preliminary study of a new work environment, the home office (HO). This study was designed to develop a test instrument that would facilitate the investigation of a set of variables that might influence the corporate decision to relocate employees from the employer’s office space to the employees’ homes. Additionally, the paper seeks to identify the variables that will affect both the employer and the employee, for example, employee productivity and costs of employment. This report does not attempt to generalize concerning the population of home office employees, nor does it attempt to generalize the current employer perspective of the telecommuting employee, but rather it attempts to identify numerous variables that should be investigated in more detail.
Post‐NAFTA production and sourcing development in the maquiladora program
Authors: Helio Yang Y.
Published: July 2002

The maquiladora program is an important part of the economy in North America. A significant share of intra‐industry trade has been generated between the USA and Mexico. The imports and exports from maquiladoras to the USA continue to grow under NAFTA. However, non‐maquiladora sectors are growing at a faster pace. Non‐US foreign direct investment, particularly from Asian and European companies, is a current trend in maquiladoras. A cluster concept is now developed among new maquiladoras from Asia and Europe to remain competitive in an increasingly price‐sensitive market, to maintain consistent quality standards in a high‐volume environment, and to fulfill the NAFTA’s rules of origin provision. Maquiladora production is now shifting from lower‐skilled, labor‐intensive assembly to advanced production technologies. Obstacles still remain in Mexico’s infrastructure and regulations to its market. There are some debates on the future of maquiladoras after January 1, 2001, the theoretical expiration date of maquiladoras. However, the complementarity of the US and Mexican economies should nonetheless sustain incentives for production sharing and sourcing.
Strategic scanning and interpretation revisiting: foundations for a software agent support system ‐ Part 2: scanning the business environment with software agents
Authors: Liu Shuhua
Published: July 2002

Executive information systems, or strategic management support systems for senior managers, have traditionally addressed how to satisfy some predefined information needs of managers and how to help them in analyzing or solving predefined problems. They are usually not flexible enough to capture messages and signals from the business world that indicate impending opportunities or problems. In this paper we introduce a software agent approach into scanning support systems. We made a review of software agent fundamentals to understand what an agent is; what it can do and cannot do; what are the components of an agent; and how an agent can be constructed. We then examined its relevance in offering active scanning support to managers. An agent‐based support system is proposed. Useful software agents needed to constitute the system are identified. Tasks of the agent components are analyzed.
An Evaluation of Postgraduate Management Education for Project and
Property Managers
Authors: Briffett Clive
Published: July 2002

Management education is a vital component in the training process for
all building professionals and increasing emphasis is being placed on
inculcating an effective management ability in addition to specialist
technical skills. Outlines the philosophy employed in the design and
development of two MSc courses for project and property managers in the
School of Building & Estate Management, Faculty of Architecture &
Building, National University of Singapore. Makes an evaluation of the
experience gained through five years of operation and proposes the
nature of future changes. The need for Singapore to enhance the quality
of its human resources as a marketable commodity both regionally and
internationally is perceived as an important requirement for maintaining
future business success and continued economic growth and survival.
Management needs are ever‐changing and diverse and a recognition of the
skills and expertise required in the market is considered to be of
paramount importance in the design of future curriculum development.
Asset Registers and Asset Rents for Local Authorities
Authors: French Nick
Published: July 2002

Considers the management of the valuation exercise required of local
authorities to enable them to include asset valuations in their balance
sheets after 1994. Examines the problems and opportunities which may
come with the development of an asset register and asset rents and, in
particular, the valuation principles to be employed.
Property Management and Compulsory Competitive Tendering
Authors: Putt Tom
Published: July 2002

The extension of compulsory, competitive tendering to professional
services, against a background of local government reform is generating
an atmosphere of organizational and operational uncertainty. Examines
some of the issues arising out of the twin processes and highlights some
of the areas where questions need to be answered. Both initiatives are,
however, dynamic and ongoing, with the only certainty being change!
Should the valuer be the insurer of all of the client’s risks?
Authors: Lee Rosalind
Published: July 2002

Discusses the issue of damages in the Court of Appeal decision in Banque Bruxelles Lambert SA v. Eagle Star Insurance [1995]. Suggests that policy issues, whether or not made explicit, must inevitably be considered in reaching a conclusion as to which party ought to be liable for damages for economic loss due to a fall in the property market. To do otherwise is to risk making the valuer the insurer of all of the client’s risks.
Managing public sector property assets: the valuation issues
Authors: Dent Peter
Published: July 2002

Considers the nature of local authority assets within the context of overall management objectives. Raises questions about the categorization of public assets and the way in which they are perceived by local authorities. Analyses research undertaken to examine the compilation of asset registers, the methods for the valuation of these assets, the appropriateness of such methods and the resulting explanations of value. Assesses the recently completed exercise undertaken by UK authorities to record their property asset stock and suggests, in the longer term, how such an exercise could be modified to incorporate more appropriate means of valuing some of its assets.
Scholarly monographs: why would I want to publish electronically?
Authors: Armstrong C.J. , Lonsdale R.E.
Published: July 2002

Looks at the implications of electronic scholarly monograph publishing for authors, publishers and readers. It stems from original research undertaken by the authors in 1998 as part of the JISC Electronic Libraries Programme (eLib). Since the formal completion of the work both authors have remained active in the area and have monitored new developments. The project included a comprehensive literature search and review; a survey of UK and international publishers of electronic monographs by means of an interrogation of their Web sites, and case studies conducted with selected UK publishers. A separate investigation of the publishers of national bibliographical sources and services was also undertaken, and UK university libraries were surveyed by means of an e‐mail questionnaire. Offers a description of the structure of electronic monograph publishing, including the roles of the various parties involved in the publishing process, and addresses such issues as provision, costing, authoring and editorial responsibilities and challenges. An analysis of the issues associated with the characteristics of Web monographs is provided, together with a delineation of the nature of narrative content, added value components, subject orientations and quality control. Concludes with a brief consideration of some of the challenges that confront the user of electronic scholarly monographs, including issues of access.
NACO versus ISAN: prospects for name authority control
Authors: Snyman M.M.M. , Jansen van Rensburg M.
Published: July 2002

A traditional model of name authority control (the Name Authority Cooperative Program (NACO)) and the International Standard Author Number (ISAN), which was proposed in a previous article, are compared. This comparison is drawn in terms of the following criteria: input required during the standardisation of names; support for universal bibliographic control; promotion of collaboration between libraries and information services with regard to resource sharing and shared cataloguing; support for quality interaction between the user and information; saving of costs and time; and finally, the accommodation of future changes. Based on these results, the more effective method of the two is proposed for the standardisation of names.
Prospects for the global Internet: new techniques for delivering rich digital collections to users world‐wide
Authors: Dempsey Bert J.
Published: July 2002

Every user of the World Wide Web understands why the WWW is often ridiculed as the World Wide Wait. The WWW and other applications on the Internet have been developed with a client‐server orientation that, in its simplest form, involves a centralized information repository to which users (clients) send requests. This single‐server model suffers from performance problems when clients are too numerous, when clients are physically far away in the Network, when the materials being delivered become very large and hence stress the wide‐area bandwidth, and when the information has a real‐time delivery component as with streaming audio and video materials. Engineering information delivery solutions that break the single‐site model has become an important aspect of next‐generation WWW delivery systems. Intends to help the information professional understand what new directions the delivery infrastructure of the WWW is taking and why these technical changes will impact users around the globe, especially in bandwidth‐poor areas of the Internet.
bibweb: an Internet training course for public libraries
Authors: Hasiewicz Christian
Published: July 2002

Competent Internet‐based library services can only be offered if appropriately qualified staff are available. To promote this development in Germany the Bertelsmann Foundation and its project partner, the ekz.bibliotheksservice GmbH are developing a special Web‐based Training Course for Librarians. Progress to date is described.
Information overload and “just‐in‐time” knowledge
Authors: Hanka Rudolf , Fuka Karel
Published: July 2002

We are all experiencing information overload. In the same way that the printing press has revolutionised the publishing industry, the Internet is revolutionising the amount of information available today. The ease with which electronic information can be stored, distributed and manipulated is threatening to enhance rather than to alleviate the information overload. We need to develop methodologies that will enable us to access relevant information at the time when it is required. The WaX system has been designed as a knowledge management tool for general practitioners to enable them to access the information they require within 15 to 30 seconds. It has been piloted in several regions in the UK with very positive results.
Interlending and document supply: a review of recent literature – XLI
Authors: Gould Sara
Published: July 2002

Reviews recently published literature in the field of resource sharing and e‐journal access. Considers recent articles on the value of consortial membership and licensed access to electronic journals. Also looks at published articles in the area of aggregators, reference linking, performance measurement, document delivery in public libraries, and new trends and developments in a number of countries world‐wide.
Electronic Document Delivery – Towards the Virtual Library
Authors: Brandreth Michael , MacKeigan Clare
Published: July 2002

Reduced funding, global competition and technological change are forcing
libraries and information centres to turn to new methods of providing
services. Publishers of scientific and technical information expect
printed journals to remain their primary product for several more years,
despite the advent of electronic journals. Library collections will
continue to be largely paper‐based, but clients will demand much faster
document delivery services from them. Many libraries must also maximize
the investment in their collections by expanding their clientele.
Electronic scanning of documents coupled with transmission over
high‐speed, high‐capacity networks offers a potential solution to these
problems. For more than a year, CISTI has been using proprietary imaging
workstations to supply documents to one of its branches. Much more
flexibility is needed to reach the disparate receiving equipment used by
a varied Canadian and international clientele. Describes experience with
the Ariel Workstation, developed by the Research Libraries Group, and
CISTI′s own work towards a generic imaging workstation, able to transmit
to a variety of receivers including identical scanning workstations,
other workstations, facsimile machines and microcomputers with facsimile
boards. Ability to rationalize library collections is seen as an
important consequence.
Information Access versus Document Supply: The International Visual Arts Information Network Project
Authors: Rees Jeremy
Published: July 2002

Image content opens up exciting possibilities for stand‐alone media, distributed networks, on‐line networks and on‐site publishing from information systems for use by the general public, for research, collection management, education and distance learning. These developments coincide and overlap with widespread new questioning and thinking as to the role of museums in relation to their diverse publics and also have many parallels in the library world. They raise difficult questions about intellectual property rights – copyright protection, fair remuneration and complex questions concerning moral rights. Clearly international co‐operation, working partnerships and consortia are going to gain further importance and significance.
Interlibrary lending and document delivery in the Caribbean: the
perplexing reality
Authors: Ferguson Stephney
Published: July 2002

Interlending and document delivery in the English‐speaking
Caribbean is described as presenting a perplexing picture. In the face
of scarce resources where one would expect interlending traffic to be
well developed, a pilot study conducted in 1989 revealed otherwise and a
recent informal survey confirmed that there has been very little change
since then in spite of improvements in communications. Reciprocal
borrowing and access seem to be the norm within territories and
traditional attitudes and behaviour persist. Recognizes the impact of
sectoral information networks and examines the prospects for the future.
Interlibrary lending statistics
Authors: Huse Roy , Sumsion John
Published: July 2002

In February 1994, the Library and Information Co‐operation Council
recommended a review of co‐operation among library and information
services and asked the Library and Information Statistical Unit to deal
with the statistical aspects. The report was published in March 1995 and
examines and compares the range of interlibrary lending (ILL) statistics
currently collected to establish how far they are adequate and
consistent, reviews present procedures and makes recommendations for the
future. The report′s conclusions are based on the assumption that the
present regional system will continue and are presented in three broad
areas: for individual libraries to improve the accuracy and to reduce
the work involved in data collection; for regional organizations to
extend the scope of published statistics and to improve their
presentation; and at the macro level to remove some incompatibilities
and to propose a more effective overall presentation. Recommendations
are designed to enhance, improve and verify the accuracy of ILL
statistics and by reducing clerical work and the risk of error to see
that the data already collected are available to a wider audience.
Using C++ templates to implement finite element classes
Authors: Bittencourt Marco L.
Published: July 2002

Presents the development of object‐oriented finite element classes based on the concept of parameterized types of templates of the C++ programming language. Two parameter array classes were implemented which are used extensively in other classes. The implementation was simple, resulting in a set of manageable, efficient and simple C++ finite element classes. Initially, object‐oriented programming concepts, C++ templates and template array classes are presented. The finite element classes and some examples using those classes are also discussed.
Multi‐domain fluid‐structure interaction analysis with a stable time domain BEM/FEM coupling procedure
Authors: Lie S.T. , Yu G.
Published: July 2002

The time domain BEM/FEM coupling procedure is applied to 2‐D multi‐domain fluid–structure interaction problems. The fluid domain is acoustic and modeled by taking advantage of the BEM scheme that is suitable to either finite or infinite domains. The structure is modeled by elastodynamic finite elements that can be either linear or nonlinear. The input impact, which can be either plane waves or non‐plane waves, can either be forces acting directly on the fluid–structure system or be explosion sources in the fluid. The far field or near field explosion sources, which are difficult to be simulated for finite element analysis, are very easy to be simulated here by boundary element modeling as internal sources. The stability problem is solved by using the linear θ method, which makes the BEM scheme stable. The numerical results are compared with analytical solutions for two examples.