bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANDC: an early warning score to predict mortality risk for patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Weng Zhihong , Chen Qiaosen , Li Sumeng , Li Huadong , Zhang Qian , Lu Sihong , Wu Li , Xiong Leiqun , Mi Bobin , Liu Di , Lu Mengji , Yang Dongliang , Jiang Hongbo , Zheng Shaoping , Zheng Xin
Published: May 2020

Background: Patients with severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) will progress rapidly to acute respiratory failure or death. We aimed to develop a quantitative tool for early predicting mortality risk of patients with COVID-19.Methods: 301 patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Main District and Tumor Center of the Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Wuhan, China) between January 1, 2020 to February 15, 2020 were enrolled in this retrospective two-centers study. Data on patient demographic characteristics, laboratory findings and clinical outcomes was analyzed. A nomogram was constructed to predict the death probability of COVID-19 patients.Results: Age, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, D-dimer and C-reactive protein obtained on admission were identified by LASSO regression as predictors of mortality for COVID-19 patients. The nomogram demonstrated good calibration and discrimination with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.921 and 0.975 for the derivation and validation cohort, respectively. An integrated score (named ANDC) with its corresponding death probability was derived. Using ANDC cut-off values of 59 and 101, COVID-19 patients were classified into three subgroups. The death probability of low risk group (ANDC < 59) was less than 5%, moderate risk group (59 ≤ ANDC ≤ 101) was 5% to 50%, and high risk group (ANDC > 101) was more than 50%, respectively.Conclusion: The prognostic nomogram exhibited good discrimination power in early identification of COVID-19 patients with high mortality risk, and ANDC score may help physicians to optimize patient stratification management.
How to Analyze Cancer Progression in COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Bhattacharjee Atanu , GajendraK.Vishwakarma  , Banerjee Souvik , Shukla Sharvari
Published: May 2020

Background: The constant news about the coronavirus is scary. It is not possible to separate treatment for Cancer due to COVID-19. An effective treatment comparison strategy is needed. We need to have a handy tool to understand cancer progression in this unprecedented scenario. Linking different events of cancer progression is the need of the hour. It is a methodological challenge.Methods: This article is dedicated to explore the time lag effect and make statistical inference about the best experimental arm using Accelerated failure time model and regression methods. The work is presented as the occurrence of other events as a hazard rate after the first event (relapse). The time lag effect between the events is linked and analyzed. Results: The results are further analyzed and presented to show the efficacy of our study. An accelerated failure time model is also applied with the transition states and the dependency structure between the gap times are explained using auto-regression. The effects of Arms are compared using the coefficient of auto-regression and accelerated failure time (AFT) models.Conclusions: We provide the solutions to overcome the issue with interval between two consecutive events in motivating head and neck cancer (HNC) data. COVID-19 is not going to leave us soon. We have to carry several cancer clinical trials in presences of COVID-19. We presented a comprehensive analytical strategy to analyze cancer clinical trial data during this pandemic.Keywords: COVID-19, Accelerated Failure Time, Proportional Hazard Model, Bayesian, Auto-Regression.
Estudo das características da produção, comercialização e qualidade de produtos derivados de jabuticaba no município de Sabará-Minas Gerais, Brasil.
Authors: Neves Nathália Andrade , Fernandes Luiza Aparecida Carneiro , Valente Maria Emilia Rodrigues , De Barros Frederico Augusto Ribeiro , Stringheta Paulo César
Published: May 2020

O Festival da Jabuticaba, evento tradicional em Sabará-MG, ocorre graças à Associação dos Produtores de Derivados de Jabuticaba de Sabará (ASPRODEJAS), o qual os membros produzem e comercializam diversas iguarias a partir da fruta. Objetivando conhecer as características de produção, comercialização e o potencial do município para a obtenção de um selo de indicação geográfica (IG), foram aplicados questionários às produtoras e coletadas amostras de geleias e licores para análise da qualidade. Os resultados mostraram uma produção de caráter artesanal e comercialização informal. Algumas das geleias e licores analisados apresentaram-se fora dos padrões de qualidade estabelecidos na legislação e apresentaram falta de padronização na forma de obtenção. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a criação de um selo de IG no município é pertinente, embora seja notória a necessidade de investimento em infraestrutura e capacitação técnicas para a obtenção de produtos de maior qualidade.
CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EARLY-ONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS IN PRETERM INFANTS
Authors: Klymenko Tetiana , Kosenko Kateryna
Published: May 2020

Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among premature infants. Conducting high-quality epidemiological monitoring is an important condition for effective tactics treatment neonatal infections and improving the quality of medical care for this category of newborn.

The aim. Determination of the value of microbiological triggers in the blood in various clinical options for EONS in preterm infants.

Materials and methods. Clinical and microbiological data on 50 prematurely born newborns with EONS were selected. The analysis of the frequency of detected bacteremia, the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms and the clinical characteristics of neonatal sepsis.

Results. In the study, sources of infection were detected in 94 % of cases. Positive blood cultures were obtained in 17 (34 %) newborns with EONS. 61.5 % of all cases of bacteremia were caused by coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS). Gram-negative pathogens were detected in 23.5 % of positive blood cultures, representatives of this group were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. The overall mortality rate from EONS was 30 %.

Conclusions. The incidence of sepsis confirmed by a positive blood culture was 34 %. The most common cause of EONS is CoNS, low incidence of group B Streptococcus sepsis has been established. The most frequent septicopymic sources of infection were the lungs, which is expressed in the high incidence (94 %) of X-ray pneumonia in the structure of the EONS.
PROSPECTS FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS HEAVING OF LOCALLY- DISTRIBUTED BREAST CANCER
Authors: Vinnik Yuriy , Belevtsova Yulia , Sadchikova Marina
Published: May 2020

Improving the efficiency of treatment of locally distributed forms of breast cancer (BC) patients is relevant. The aim of the study: to determine the possibility of increasing the efficiency of treatment of patients with locally distributed BC by supplementing it with the determination of the expression of TOP2 alpha and beta-tubulin III genes in the primary tumor during various chemotherapy regimens. Method. 139 patients with locally distributed BC were examined. Patients received 2-4 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAChT) according to the TC (docetaxel + cyclophosphamide) and TAC (docetaxel + doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide) regimens, subsequent surgical intervention and 2–4 courses of AchT according to the FAC regimen. Immunohistochemical (IHCh) study of the levels of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone (PR), epidermal growth factor (HER2) in tumors was conducted. The expression of TOP2 alpha and beta-tubulin class III genes was determined using PCR. Statistical data processing was performed using the program Stastistica for Windows 6. 0, Excel. Results. In the third cycle of chemotherapy, patients were transferred from the TC scheme to the TAC scheme. The frequency of the FPR increased 4 times in the group of patients with a triple negative tumor subtype compared with patients with luminal B. A combination of low expression of the class III beta-tubulin gene with high expression of TOP2 alpha in tumor tissue was found in 64.5 % of patients treated according to the TAC + cross over regimen and in 56.3 % of cases according to the TC regimen. A change in the receptor status of MLN after NAChT was detected in some cases. Conclusions. The combination of high expression of TOP2 alpha with low expression of class III beta-tubulins can be considered as a predictive sign of full pathomorphological response when using taxane-containing locally distributed BC. These markers can be recommended for determination in MLN (along with definition of ER, PR, HER2) in order to increase the effectiveness of AchT.
CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PLATELETS AND LEUKOCYTES IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF A HYDROGEN SULFIDE DONOR
Authors: Kravchuk Alexander , Rozova Kateryna
Published: May 2020

The aim of the research. The influence of hydrogen sulphide donor on some structural characteristics of platelets and leukocytes in patients with arterial hypertension was studied.

Materials and methods. The survey involved patients (men) with hypertension aged 30–60 years, who were divided into 2 age groups: 30–40 years and 40–60 years. Control groups (healthy men without signs of hypertension) were randomized by age. Electron microscopic and morphometric research methods were used in the investigation.

Results. Electron microscopic and morphometric evaluation of the structure of these cells has shown that it undergoes significant changes depending on patient’s age. In the persons of the older age group, the cells contained a reduced number of dense δ-granules and increased – α-granules, which may indicate an impaired serotonin balance and increased susceptibility to thrombogenesis. The younger age group presented structural changes in platelets in a reversed order. Adding hydrogen sulphide donor at a dose of 400 mg per day (phytopreparation Full Spectrum Garlic – Swanson Health Products, USA) to the traditional therapy of arterial hypertension leads to positive changes in the ultrastructure of the studied cells aimed at restoring the balance of serotonin, reducing the tendency to thrombogenesis, increasing the energy capacity of the mitochondrial apparatus.

Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that detected effects significantly depend on the patient’s age (younger people respond more intensively) and the duration of the use of hydrogen sulphide donor (longer use is accompanied by more pronounced positive changes).
Prognostic factors of functional results of surgery for idiopathic (primary) epimacular membranes: the duration of epimacular proliferation. Part 1
Authors: Toropygin S. G. , Nazarova S. V. , Dawarah H. , Maslov A. N.
Published: May 2020

Part 1 of the review presents types of epimacular membranes (EMM), their epidemiology and management standard, topography of normal fovea seen on the optical coherence tomography, as well as dependence of functional results of surgery on disease duration.
Chronic tympanic membrane perforation closure: from historical aspects to modern methods
Authors: Svistushkin V. M. , Zolotova A. V. , Mokoyan Zh. T. , Artamonova P. S.
Published: May 2020

The article presents the different grafts for chronic tympanic membrane perforation closure. The types of surgical treatment of chronic otitis media are described in a historical aspect. The initially proposed vascularized skin grafts were quickly replaced by a range of connective tissue autografts. Authors indicated a few studies in which fascia lata, venous wall, periosteum were used for myringoplasty. However, these tissues are not widely used in otosurgery. The special attention is given to the comparative studies on the outcomes of closure with fascial and cartilage grafts. The last ones are currently most commonly used for myringoplasty. Nonetheless, the use of each of these grafts is associated with indicated in the literature advantages and disadvantages. The cartilaginous grafts allow to close rather big perforations, but with lack of flexibility and pliability. On the other hand, flexible perichondrium and fascia improve the mechanical properties of neotympanic membrane yet increasing the risk of retraction and reperforation. Therefore, the search of alternative treatment for chronic tympanic membrane perforation is lasting at present. There are many studies on regenerative medicine in foreign literature. The tissue engineering approach allows to repair the damaged tissue due to proliferation of pluripotent cells and activation of their migration. The tympanic membrane regenerative potential eliminates the need for external stem cells and allows to use less complicated “in situ” tissue engineering technique. The key of this technique is the combination of the regeneration regulating factors with temporary supporting scaffolds. The authors also describe the advantages of the modern tissue engineering approach and prospects for its further application to clinical practice.
Analysis of surgical treatment results of patients with chronic rhinitis
Authors: Svistushkin V. M. , Shchennikova E. S. , Sin’kov E. V. , Sobolev V. P.
Published: May 2020

Introduction.Chronic nasal congestion caused by edema of inferior turbinate affect 20% of population and strongly influences their quality of life. Pharmacological treatment of chronic rhinitis is considered to be the first line therapy. However, if conservative treatment is not effective and clinical signs are not disappearing the question about relevant surgical treatment is arising. Nowadays there are many methods of exposure on mucosa of the inferior turbinate. Considering high incidence of the pathology surgical treatment is of current importance in modern otorhinolaryngology.

Objective.Assessment of the effectiveness and comparison of the period of rehabilitation after submucosal laser destruction by laser beam with wavelength 1,56 and after submucosal destruction by radiosurgical instruments Ellman Surgitron with a frequency of 4 MHz in patients with chronic rhinitis.

Methods.60 patients were included into the study aged from 18 to 80 years old with chronic rhinitis. All the patients were admitted to the department to perform surgical treatment. Semiconducted laser with wavelength 1,56 and radiosurgical instrument Ellman Surgitron with frequency of 4 MHz were applied to the treatment. We assessed SNOT20 score, endoscopic features, anterior active rhinomanometry and saccharin test results in all patients following the surgery.

Conclusions.The data we have obtained provide the basis for choosing semiconductor laser as more effective and safe technique for the treatment of patients with chronic rhinitis.
The role of herbal medicine in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis
Authors: Maltseva G. S. , Karpishchenko S. A.
Published: May 2020

The article presents our own research data on systemic immunity status in patients with chronic tonsillitis (CT) and microbiological profile of the flora isolated from the tonsils in CT. The study showed that phagocytic index in neutrophils decreased by 81.9% and the phagocytosis in neutrophils reduced by 67.2% in patients with CT. We studied microbial flora of the tonsils and its persistent properties in CT. The steps for that were as follows: we evaluated the antilysocyme (ALA), anti-interferon (AIA), anticomplementary (ACA) activities of the isolated microorganisms as possible ways to stand against the oxygen-independent mechanism of phagocytosis. Most strains of Staphylococcus aureus had ALA, AIA and AСA, while most strains of Streptococcus pyogenes had ALA, less frequently AСA and did not show AIA. We found antibacterial polyresistance in 56.0% of pathogens among the selected strains in the examined patients with CT. A comparative analysis of species antibiotic resistance showed that the largest number of multiresistant strains were S.aureus - 62.0%. The set of revealed persistent properties of chronic tonsillitis pathogens serves as underlying rationale for the search for new methods of therapy using drugs of non-antibacterial origin, affecting the factors of bacteria resistance to inborn and acquired immunity. It is possible, and necessary that attention be paid to phytotherapy in the search for such new methods. Tonsilgon N is one of the complex phytotherapeutic products, which efficacy and safety has been proven in clinical trials, and the main pharmacological properties are confirmed in in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies. It contains marshmallow root, chamomile flowers, horsetail grass, walnut leaves, yarrow grass, oak bark, and dandelion grass. The clinical studies revealed that it has positive effect on the dynamics of both clinical and microbiological, immunological parameters in patients with chronic tonsillitis. All these things allow us to recommend that this complex herbal product be more often included into the comprehensive treatment of chronic tonsillitis.
Alternative methods of delivering steroids to the middle ear in treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Svistushkin V. M. , Nikiforova G. N. , Morozova S. V. , Gergiev V. F. , Ershova E. N.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is the most common pathology of polyethological sound perception. Systemic glucocorticosteroid therapy has long been considered the main treatment method. In recent years, topical therapy has been of great interest. However, intratympanic injections cause considerable discomfort to the patient and require about 1 hour per day to perform the procedure.

Materials. In order to modernize and reduce the time spent on delivering steroids into tympanic cavity, this article considers the experience of managing 41 patients with sudden unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Patients of the first group received dexamethasone 4 mg / ml in a volume of 1 ml by catheterization of the auditory tube, followed by introduction into the tympanic cavity. Patients of the second group were divided into 2 subgroups: in the first subgroup, dexamethasone 4 mg / ml in a volume of 0.5 ml was administered into tympanic cavity through a pre-imposed hole in the eardrum using a radio-wave device, and patients of the second subgroup received a classic intratympanic injection of dexamethasone 4mg / ml 0.5 ml after application anesthesia of the eardrum. The audiometry was performed before treatment, after 1, 2 weeks, 1 and 6 months.

Results. The average time spent in the clinic of patients of the first group was 30 minutes, while patients of the first subgroup of the second group had 20 minutes a day. The longest time in the clinic was 2 subgroup of patients from 2 groups-about 1 hour.

Conclusions. Radio-wave myringotomy is the safest and most convenient method. The smallest amount of time spent on the patient was observed in the subgroup of intratympanic injections that performed radio-wave miringotomy. It has been proved that the methods of topical treatment are not inferior in efficiency to each other.
Aborcja chemiczna w domu? Nowa forma stosowania pigułki aborcyjnej RU-486 we Włoszech
Authors: Kobyliński Andrzej
Published: May 2020

Głównym celem artykułu jest analiza sporu dotyczącego stosowania aborcji chemicznej we Włoszech. Aborcja chemiczna jest również znana jako aborcja farmakologiczna lub medyczna. W kwietniu 2017 r. władze regionu Lacjum – region centralny, do którego należy Rzym – wydały rozporządzenie pozwalające na stosowanie aborcji chemicznej poza szpitalem. W ten sposób Lacjum stało się pierwszym regionem we Włoszech, w którym recepty na tabletki aborcyjne zaczęli wypisywać lekarze poradni rodzinnych. Aborcja chemiczna nie tylko uśmierca nowe życie ludzkie na pierwszym etapie jego rozwoju, ale w niektórych przypadkach jest także niebezpieczna dla życia i zdrowia kobiet. Globalne zjawisko aborcji medycznej otwiera dziś nowy etap sporu filozoficznego o początek ludzkiego życia i uznanie ludzkiego zarodka jako istoty ludzkiej od momentu poczęcia.
Cardiovascular Disease among Patients with Diabetes: The Current Scenario in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Robert Asirvatham Alwin , Al Dawish Mohamed Abdulaziz
Published: May 2020

One of the well-recognized conditions linked to diabetes mellitus (DM) is cardiovascular
disease (CVD). Those affected by DM face greater risk for early onset of CVD. Although huge strides
have been made in cardiovascular therapy and prevention, with striking results in decreasing diabetesrelated
coronary mortality in developed countries, the morbidity and mortality due to CVD continue to
remain high among patients with diabetes. While there is an increasing incidence of cardiovascular
event survivors with DM across the world, the number of DM patients with higher cardiovascular risk
is predicted to soar, presenting a massive challenge for health care systems globally, including Saudi
Arabia. A report of the Saudi Scientific Diabetes Society indicates that more than 50% of patients with
DM die due to cardiovascular causes. In fact, Saudi Arabia globally ranks among the top 10 countries
in the prevalence of diabetes. However, the incidence of CVD and its risk factors among patients with
diabetes in Saudi Arabia have not yet been well documented. This review aims to present an overview
of CVD among patients with DM in Saudi Arabia, through a comprehensive review of currently available
published literature. The findings indicate that diabetes linked CVD burden in Saudi Arabia is expected
to exponentially increase to a very high degree unless a wide-ranging epidemic control program
is initiated. The findings emphasize the need for maintenance of a healthy diet accompanied by exercise,
an active lifestyle and weight control measures among the population. It is essential that the health
care system focus on raising awareness among the population, and implement appropriate measures for
prevention, early detection and suitable management of CVD among patients with DM.
A Randomized Control Study on the Effectiveness of Holistic Health Practice Program on a Group of Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: WONG Wai Fun. , LUK Andrew Leung.
Published: May 2020

Background:

From adolescents transitioning into professional healthcare team members, nursing students need to face different kinds of challenges during their journey of nursing study. Are nursing students ready and prepared to take care of themselves before taking care of others?

Aim:

Few studies were found on the holistic health of nurses in Macao. This study aims to explore the health status of a group of first-year undergraduate nursing students and to investigate whether a holistic health practice program can enhance their holistic health, self-esteem, and self-efficacy after they participate in the program.

Methods:

A randomized control study was used. Students in both the experimental and control groups filled in an online pre-test questionnaire, which consisted of some demographic information and the following measurement tools including, the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II), the Self-Esteem Scale (ESTEEM), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). The experimental participants had to undergo an additional 6-sessions program on holistic health practice. After the intervention, all participants in both groups were invited to complete an online post-test questionnaire, which was the same as the one used in pre-study.

Results:

Results showed that participants’ physical activity was the lowest score in 6 domains, followed by their health responsibility. On the other hand, their spiritual growth scored the highest. The study found that participants who had attended the holistic health practice program had significantly enhanced their holistic health, self-esteem, and self-efficacy.

Conclusion:

This study provided some ground data of the holistic health status of nursing students in Macao. It also demonstrated that the Holistic Health Practice Program is effective in promoting holistic health, self-esteem, and self-efficacy among junior nursing students.
Chemical Composition and Antibacterial, Anti-biofilm and Anti-virulence
Activities of Plant Extracts Against Human Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Mulat Mulugeta , Khan Fazlurrahman , Pandita Archana
Published: May 2020

Background:

Bacterial multi-drug resistance is one of the serious issues in the worldwide.
The majority of drug resistance developed by bacteria is derived from the formation of biofilm
and the production of several virulence factors.

Objective:

To combat the emerging drug resistance nature of bacteria, we have used some
medicinal plants such as Stevia rebaudiana, Cymbopogon flexuosus, Matricaria chamomilla,
Ocimum sanctum, Phyllanthus amarus and Thymus vulgaris for the extraction of active
molecules that can inhibit the biofilm formation and bacterial growth.

Materials & Methods:

Each extracted compounds were checked for anti-bacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-virulence activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic
bacteria. Soxhlet method of extraction was used for obtaining crude extracts. Agar disc
diffusion and 96-wells microplate spectroscopic reading were used to detect the antibacterial
and antibiofilm properties of extracts. Crystal violet staining was used for the detection of
biofilm cells. GC-MS analysis was carried out to identify the chemical constituents present in
the extracts.

Results:

At a concentration of 25 mg mL-1
, the highest antibacterial activities were obtained in
M. chamomilla acetone extract (CHAAC) against E. coli (17.66±1.15 mm), S. Typhimurium
(13.66±1.52 mm) and S. sonnei (14±1.73 mm). M. chamomilla chloroform extracted (CHACE)
showed effective against S. aureus (30±2 mm) and P. aeruginosa (13.66±1.52 mm). The
minimum inhibitory concentration of crude extracts derived from M. chamomilla was 0.
781mg.mL-1
against S. aureus. Furthermore, the oil extract from C. flexuosus (LEGO)
exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus (at 0.781 µg mL-1
). The potent
anti-biofilm activity was observed in G. superba (KALO) against E. coli (78.6%) and S.
typhimurium (79.1%), and V. negundo (VNO) against S. Typhimurium (87.3%). Furthermore, the GC-MS analysis showed the presence of active chemical constituents in the extracts which
might have been effective anti-bacterial, anti-biofilm, and anti-virulence properties.

Conclusion:

The extracts from the medicinal plant showed antibiofilm, anti-virulence
(attenuation of pyocyanin, LasA, vilacein, and swarming motility) activity towards the
pathogenic bacteria. GC-MS analysis confirms the presence of an active component in the
extracts. Future study is required to purify the bioactive molecules and elucidate the molecular
mechanism of antibiofilm and anti-virulence properties.
Etikus vezetés, egy kutatás kezdetén
Authors: Barizsné Hadházi Edit
Published: May 2020

Jelen tanulmányban az etikus vezetés témakörét járom körbe. Betekintést nyújtok az etikus vezetés megközelítési lehetőségeibe, irodalmi áttekintést adok az etikus vezetés fogalmáról, bemutatom a témakörhöz kapcsolódó legfontosabb empirikus kutatásokban alkalmazott mérési módszereket. Kísérletet teszek arra is, hogy egy kutatás első eredményeiről beszámoljak: egy kisebb minta adatainak elemzésén keresztül próbálok képet kapni a magyar vezetők etikus vonásairól. S hogyan kapcsolódik ez az Ipar 4.0 kihívásaihoz? A választ onnan közelíteném meg, hogy az új technológiák megjelenése mellett (amelyek már önmagukban is magukban hordoznak etikai kérdéseket), ezen új kihívások között a vezető figyelmének fókusza továbbra is részben az alkalmazottak felé irányul. Amennyiben ő maga etikus, megfelelő példát mutat beosztottjainak, ezzel dolgozóit is etikus magatartásra ösztönzi, ami a vállalat számára több szempontból is versenyelőnyt biztosít, mind a terméket/szolgáltatások piacán, mind pedig a munkaerőpiacon. Tanulmányommal fel szeretném tehát hívni a vezetők, menedzserek figyelmét arra, hogy az új technológiák és az emberi tényező együttesen hozzák meg az új sikereket, s hogy ennek egyik lehetséges útja az, hogy tudatosan etikusan vezetik cégüket, etikus szervezeti kultúrát alakítanak ki.
A digitalizáció helyzete a magyar élelmiszer-feldolgozó ágazatban
Authors: Debrenti Attila Sándor
Published: May 2020

A különböző technológiáknak köszönhetően, mint például a nanotechnológia, a következő évtizedek teljesen átalakítják az egyes termelési folyamatokat, ágazatokat. Az információs technológia rohamos fejlődésének köszönhetően, az ipari folyamatok digitalizációja és automatizációja új kihívások elé állítja az élelmiszergazdasági szereplőket. A magyar élelmiszeripari vállalkozások akkor lesznek képesek lépést tartani versenytársaikkal és lesznek nyertesei a következő évtizedeknek, ha eredményesen tudják adaptálni ezeket a technológiákat. Ehhez azonban arra van szükség, hogy kiemelten foglalkozzanak a digitalizációval, a digitális stratégiával úgy, hogy a beruházásokat, a technológiaváltásokat és a kutatási-fejlesztési tevékenységet ebbe az irányba tereljék. A digitalizáció a jövő egyik meghatározó iránya, éppen ezért éreztem fontosnak, hogy egy kutatás során vizsgáljam a magyarországi élelmiszeripari vállalkozások digitalizációjának szintjét, az informatikai infrastruktúrát és Internet használatot, a vállalatirányítási rendszerek, a döntéstámogató és üzleti elemző eszközök használatát és szerepét, valamint a vállalkozások felkészültségét az Ipar 4.0 technológiai váltással kapcsolatban. A kérdőívre adott 205 értékelhető válasz alapján elmondható, hogy a válaszadó magyar élelmiszeripari vállalkozásoknak csak igen kis hányada rendelkezik digitális stratégiával és csak kevés az olyan vállalkozás ahol van olyan személy, akinek a feladatkörébe tartozik a digitális átalakítás.
The Landscape of Civil Society Organizations in the Economy of Kosovo
Authors: Vllasaj Kushtrim
Published: May 2020

Civil society organizations (CSOs) in the scientific literature have been studied broadly from various aspects such as cultural, political, social and economic. But as far as the last one is concerned, there is still a research gap because there is a lack of study about their contribution to economies under development, such as Kosovo, and which must be filled because of its importance. This paper tends to analyze the present situation of CSOs in Kosovo and their potential contribution to economic activity. Highlighting the activities, the structure and the place of these organizations in the economy will be the approach, in the beginning, to pave the way for further study of specific areas related to them. The methodology established contains analyses of secondary sources that are done by using data from the Ministry of Public Administration of Kosovo, Kosovar Index of Civil Society which is a regular report of the Kosovar Civil Society Foundation (KCSF), and other supplementary data. However, this will proceed after the scientific conceptual issues of CSOs and their place within the economy. Finally, the results show that civil society in Kosovo is very diverse with organizations in different sectors, and the economic activity sector consists of mostly agricultural NGOs.   In transition countries, CSOs are seen as an alternative that improves a particular sector. Thus far, there are over 10,000 organizations established in Kosovo, but relative studies suggest only 1000 to be active. Furthermore, their activity and contribution to economic development is little known so far, while the main problem of the economy remains unemployment.
Egy bútoripari cég gyártásütemezése során fellépő nehézségek döntéstámogatása
Authors: Bakon Krisztián , Holczinger Tibor
Published: May 2020

„Egy bútoripari cég gyártásütemezése során fellépő nehézségek döntéstámogatása” című munkánk során bemutatásra kerül egy konkrét bútoripari cég működése és a működése során tapasztalt nehézségek, melyeket valamilyen módon igyekeznek elhárítani, hogy a cég működését ezek ne akadályozzák.  Ezek után bemutatásra kerül, hogy milyen módon kívántuk elérni a termeléstervezés támogatásához készített rendszert. Különböző verziók szerint részletezve, hogy aktuálisan milyen célt kívántunk elérni, miközben olyan eredményeket mutatunk, amelyek jól szemléltetik a rendszer fejlődését. Továbbá érintjük a fejlesztés nehézségeit, mely Java nyelven készült el. A rendszer fejlesztése során elért utolsó verzió és az általa készített eredmények is bemutatásra kerülnek. A rendszer alkalmassá vált a bemeneti paraméterek feldolgozása után olyan ütemezési algoritmusok felhasználásával eredményt készíteni, mely a termeléstervezés során fontos döntések meghozatalakor segíthetnek.
Az e-book-termékek használatának kutatási irányai és a termékfejlesztésben alkalmazható eredményei
Authors: Légrádi Miklós
Published: May 2020

A tanulmány célja a hazai és nemzetközi e-book használati és olvasási preferenciákra fókuszáló tudományos kutatások feltárása. A témához köthető saját primer kutatási eredmények összehasonlításra kerülnek a vizsgált e-book kutatások eredményeivel. Az elemzés alapján elkészül az e-book és az e-reader Kotler-féle termékmodellje. A hazai és a külföldi e-book / nyomtatott könyvkiadási trendek és számok áttekintésével kiegészítve a cikk felvázol további javasolt kutatási irányokat, és  az eddigi kutatási eredmények alapján ajánlásokat tesz az e-book és e-reader termékek fejlesztési irányaira.
Összefüggés a népesség növekedése és az urbanizáció között
Authors: Novák Norbert
Published: May 2020

Jelen cikk fő célja, hogy megvizsgáljam milyen trendek indultak el az urbanizáció terén, illetve hogy miként hat ez a vidékre és az életszínvonal változására. A globalizáció, az új ágazatok megjelenése és a hagyományos mezőgazdasági dominancia csökkenése új lehetőségeket és kihívásokat teremt. A városi és vidéki környezet változó tendenciáihoz hasonlóan az emberek preferenciái is nagyon változatosak, életük során változhatnak. A nagyváros és a kisváros közötti különbség eltérő életmódot tesz lehetővé. Alapvetően hasonló infrastrukturális lehetőségekkel rendelkeznek (mindkettő város), de a nagyobb városok mennyiségi és minőségi szempontból nagyon különböznek a kisvárosoktól. A kisvárosok előnye lehet például a nyugodtabb és egészségesebb életmód, de ez nem feltétlenül igaz minden tekintetben. A fejlődő és fejlett országok urbanizációjának eltérő tulajdonságai között az eltérő időbeli lefutást és az eltérő nagyságrendet is említhetjük [1]. A fejlett országokban ugyanis hosszú idő alatt és kevesebb embert érintve zajlott a városrobbanás szakasza, mint a fejlődőkben [2]. Városi népességnövekedés üteme az utóbbi csoportban 1950 és 1975 között 4,04%, 1975 és 2000 között 3,6%, 2000 és 2030 között pedig várhatóan 2,4% lesz. A Föld és az egész emberiség manapság számos kihívással néz szembe, és ez a tendencia a jövőben is folytatódni fog. A bolygó túlnépesedése és a változó étkezési szokások nagy nyomást gyakorolnak a mezőgazdaságra és a vidékre is. A vidékre összpontosító kutatások többnyire a vidéki térségek különféle funkcióinak elemzésére irányulnak.
Turisztikai célú támogatás hatásának vizsgálata a vállalati versenyképességre
Authors: Nagy Tünde , Darabos Éva
Published: May 2020

A turizmus ma a világon kétség kívül stratégiai fontosságú. Magyarország esetében is elmondható, hogy nagymértékben járul hozzá a gazdaság teljesítményéhez, valamint a foglalkoztatásban betöltött szerepe sem vitatható. A nemzetgazdasági súlyából adódóan mindenképpen elemzésre alkalmas területet jelent, azonban az összetettségből adódóan gazdasági teljesítményének, versenyképességének számbavétele rendkívül bonyolult feladat. A két közvetlenül leginkább kapcsolódó ágazat, a szálláshely-szolgáltatás és vendéglátás teljesítményén keresztül mérhető leginkább. Jelen tanulmány nem is szándékozik a turisztikai ágazat egészének teljesítményét mérni, célja vállalati oldalról, a vállalati versenyképesség számviteli adatokból mérhető, egy részterületének a vizsgálata. A konkrét vizsgálat tárgya 8 turisztikai célú támogatást kapott vállalat jövedelmezőségi helyzete.
A megújuló energiaforrások szerepe az energia előállítás és felhasználás területén
Authors: Csipkés Margit
Published: May 2020

A megújuló energiák szerepe az energiagazdálkodásban egyre nagyobb mind az Európai Unióban, mind Magyarországon. A megújuló energiaforrások felhasználásának elég nagy köre van már jelenleg (közlekedés, fűtés, világítás, stb), ezért célszerű ezen energiaforrásokkal foglalkozni a 2020. év küszöbén. A megújuló energiaforrásokból előállított energia alkalmazásával csökkenthető az üvegházhatású gázok kibocsátása, illetve a folyamatosan problémát okozó olaj- és gáz piactól való függőség is csökkenthető. Az elmúlt 10 év energia adatait áttekintve megállapítható, hogy a megújuló energiaforrások az Európai Unión belül egyre jelentősebb szerephez jutnak. Ezen megállapítást azzal támasztom alá, hogy a megújuló energiaforrásokból előállított energiának a bruttó energiafogyasztáson belüli részaránya szinte megduplázódott az elmúlt néhány év alatt.
The Pressure Characteristics of the Released Gases from Sand Cores
Authors: Mádi Laura Johanna , Budavári Imre , Varga László
Published: May 2020

The core packages used for the production of castings are generally made from cores of different quality (no- bake phenol, HB-phenol, and HB-furan) and resin quantity, to meet the various requirements for the casting. In our research, the effect of the amount of resin on the pressure of the gases evolved from the cores was investigated. Experiments have shown that increasing the amount of resin has a different effect on different binder systems.
Necrosis avascular: complicación en un paciente joven
Authors: Jardón Gómez Alejandro , King Ana Cristina , Pacheco Díaz Carlos
Published: May 2020

The clinical presentation of a proximal femoral fracture is completely different between young and adult patients. Unlike closed proximal femoral fractures, the incidence of exposed fractures is found in the young population between 15 and 30 years of age. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is one the complications we can find in this type of fractures. Avascular necrosis (AVN or osteonecrosis) is defined as the interruption of blood supply to the femoral head due to trauma, infectionalcohol or steroid use, resulting in bone necrosis, joint collapse and osteoarthrosis. The treatment will depend on the clinical presentation, age of the patient and when the diagnosis is made. This is a case report of a 16-year-old patient with a gunshot wound on the hip. Surgical cleansing and closed reduction plus internal fixation with a nail in the center of the spine were performed. A 3-year clinical and radiographic follow up was made, observing the evolution of the fracture and the subsequent avascular necrosis that the patient presented.
Key words: Proximal femoral fracture; hip; avascular necrosis (AVN, osteonecrosis); open fracture; osteoarthritis.
Considering the Sub-Regional Cooperation in East-Central Europe – Some Conclusions on Integrating and Disintegrating Tendencies in the Sub-Regional Dialogue
Authors: Wieclawski Jacek
Published: May 2020

This article discusses the problems of the sub-regional cooperation in East-Central Europe. It formulates the general conclusions and examines the specific case of the Visegrad Group as the most advanced example of this cooperation. The article identifies the integrating and disintegrating tendencies that have so far accompanied the sub-regional dialogue in East-Central Europe. Yet it claims that the disintegrating impulses prevail over the integrating impulses. EastCentral Europe remains diversified and it has not developed a single platform of the sub-regional dialogue. The common experience of the communist period gives way to the growing difference of the sub-regional interests and the ability of the East-Central European members to coordinate their positions in the European Union is limited. The Visegrad Group is no exception in this regard despite its rich agenda of social and cultural contacts. The Russian-Ukrainian conflict confirms a deep divergence of interests among the Visegrad states that seems more important for the future of the Visegrad cooperation than the recent attempts to mark the Visegrad unity in the European refugee crisis. Finally, the Ukrainian crisis and the strengthening of the NATO’s “Eastern flank” may contribute to some new ideas of the sub-regional cooperation in East-Central Europe, to include the Polish-Baltic rapprochement or the closer dialogue between Poland and Romania.

Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v10i1.251
Neoliberalism and Gender Equality: Canadian Newspapers’ Representations of the Ban of Face Coverings at Citizenship Ceremonies
Authors: Previsic Ivana
Published: May 2020

In late 2011, Canada’s Conservative government banned face coverings for those taking oath at citizenship ceremonies. The ban was unequivocally interpreted by the press to be targeting veil-wearing Muslim women. This paper analyzes newspaper coverage in the month following the announcement of the policy. It argues that most commentators conceptualized citizenship to be a neoliberal tool of rescuing veiled Muslim women from their male oppressors and making them more like the equal/neoliberal “us” and/or as a reward for those who already are or will become equal/neoliberal. Most non-Muslim commentators constructed gender oppression as the reason for which veiled women should (not) become citizens. Gender equality in Canada was represented as a key national value and inequality was erased or minimized and presented as a Muslim problem. In attempting to deflect these arguments, most Muslim commentators silenced gender inequality among Muslims by arguing that veiled Muslim women choose the practice and by relegating gender oppression to Western societies, thereby constructing veiled Muslim women as ideal neoliberal subjects worthy of Canadian citizenship.

 

Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v11i1.253
Introduction to Volume 11 (2)
Authors: Margolin Andrey
Published: May 2020

not available

 

Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v11i2.1193
Criteria and Methodologies for Assessing Efficiency of Environmental Government Programs in the Russian Federation
Authors: Margolin Andrey
Published: May 2020

Existing approaches to performance evaluation for environmental government programs require improvement. In the Russian context, the obstacles to objective evaluation include: target indicators for state programs are not set according to SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) criteria; the importance of budget efficiency indicators for investment decision-making is underestimated; and, some approaches to ex post evaluation of government programs are oversimplified. Specific recommendations are given that would allow improvement of the methodology for ex ante appraisal and ex-post evaluation of environmental programs. A flowchart is developed to guide decision-making on whether to terminate or continue the program on the basis of its overall evaluation rating, which is calculated using a modified Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART), and the degree of conformity between actual and planned volume of financing. The flowchart represents a formalized procedure for the adjustment of the program implementation period and schedules for the achievement of target values for individual indicators; review of target indicator values; funding amounts and schedules; and change of management. A case study of two Russian environmental programs, Pure Water and Water Industry Development, is used to test the approaches recommended by the author.

 

Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v11i2.1190
Accommodation of Interests of the State, Business and Civil Society in Environmental Projects Implemented Through Public Private Partnership in the Russian Federation
Authors: Margolin Andrey , Krasnoshchekov Valentin
Published: May 2020

Environmental projects have a number of distinctive features, among them an increased capital/output ratio, relatively high risks, lengthy payback periods, and outcomes that are hard to evaluate using financial indicators. Public private partnership (PPP) appears to be a viable approach for the implementation of such projects; however, existing mechanisms for the accommodation of long-term interest of the state, business and civil society are inadequate to ensure their success. In this context, the author presents an algorithm of multi-criteria analysis to evaluate the social efficiency of PPP-based environmental projects, which takes into account the impact of both financial and non-financial outcomes and includes crowdsourcing public opinion into the final decision-making process. Special priority is given to the assessment of multiplicative effects, as their role and impact on the feasibility of investment are often underestimated. The author’s conclusions and recommendations are illustrated using the case study of a construction project for a municipal solid waste processing facility.

 

Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v11i2.1191
Carbon Emissions Embodied in Russia’s Trade: Implications for Climate Policy1
Authors: Makarov Igor , Sokolova Anna
Published: May 2020

According to the current international climate change regime, countries are responsible for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that result from economic activities within their national borders, including emissions from producing goods for export. At the same time, imports of carbon-intensive goods are not addressed by international agreements, including the Paris Agreement that was adopted in 2015. This paper examines emissions embodied in Russia’s exports and imports based on the results of an input-output analysis. Russia is the second largest exporter of emissions embodied in trade and the large portion of these emissions is directed to developed countries. Because of the large amount of net exports of carbon-intensive goods, the current approach to emissions accounting does not suit Russia’s interests. On the one hand, Russia, as well as other large net emissions exporters, is interested in the revision of allocation of responsibility between exporters and importers of carbon-intensive products. On the other hand, both the commodity exports structure and relatively carbon inefficient technologies make Russia vulnerable to the policy of “carbon protectionism,” which can be implemented by its trade partners.

 

Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v11i2.1192
The European Union’s Policy towards its Eastern Neighbours: The Crisis in Ukraine
Authors: Shaban Tatsiana
Published: May 2020

The European Union’s neighbourhood is complex and still far from being stable. In Ukraine, significant progress has occurred in many areas of transition; however, much work remains to be done, especially in the field of regional development and governance where many legacies of the Soviet model remain. At the crossroads between East and West, Ukraine presents an interesting case of policy development as an expression of European Union (EU) external governance. This paper asks the question: why was the relationship between the EU and Ukraine fairly unsuccessful at promoting stability in the region and in Ukraine? What was missing in the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in Ukraine that rendered the EU unable to prevent a conflict on the ground? By identifying security, territorial, and institutional challenges and opportunities the EU has faced in Ukraine, this paper underlines the most important factors accounting for the performance of its external governance and crisis management in Ukraine.

 

Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v12i2.1310