bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of free gas transport system in Shenhu area of the SCS
Authors: liu xueqin , sun zhiwen
Published: October 2023

The natural gas hydrate deposit area in the Shenhu area in north of the South China Sea (SCS) is an important position to carry out research on hydrate exploration and development. Strengthening the understanding of the gas hydrate accumulation and migration system in the Shenhu area will help to scientifically evaluate and guide the hydrate resource potential and exploration work in this area. Based on the space time slice analysis of coherent and instantaneous frequency attribute, the distribution position and importance of the two NWW-SEE deep faults and the splitting structure of SW direction angle are clarified; Two types of natural gas migration models in the study area are constructed: the deep fault control type and the splitting control type; The deep gas diffusion vortex is found, and it is inferred that there is a deep gas source between the two fault layers. It is clear that there are three migration modes of natural gas in the study area: free gas phase diffusion, water-soluble gas phase migration with water medium and buoyancy of independent gas phase; and the migration path and mode of natural gas was proposed in the study area.
Emerging Trends in Hydrogen and Synfuel Generation: A State-of-the-Art Review
Authors: ALHASSAN MANSUR , Jalil Aishah Abdul , Owgi Abdelrahman Hamad Khalifa , Hamid Muhamed Yusuf Shahul , Bahari Mahadi Bin , Tran Thuan Van , Nabgan Walid , Hatta Abdul Hakim , Khusnun Nur Farahain Binti , Amusa Abiodun Abdulhameed , Nyakuma Bemgba Bevan
Published: October 2023

The current work investigated emerging fields for generating and consuming hydrogen and synthetic Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuels, especially from detrimental greenhouse gases, CO2 and CH4. Technologies for syngas generation ranging from partial oxidation, auto-thermal, dry, photothermal, and wet or steam reforming of methane were adequately revised alongside biomass valorisation for hydrogen generation, water-electrolysis, and climate challenges due to methane flaring, production, storage, transportation, challenges, and opportunities in CO2 and CH4 utilisation. Under the same conditions, dry reforming produces more coke than steam reforming. However, combining the two techniques produces syngas with a high H2/CO ratio, which is suitable for producing long-chain hydrocarbons. Although the steam methane reforming (SMR) process has been industrialised, it is well known to consume significant energy. However, coke production via catalytic methane decomposition, the prime hindrance to large-scale implementation of these techniques for hydrogen production, could be addressed by coupling CO with CO2 conversion to alter the H2/CO ratio of syngas, increasing the reaction temperatures in dry reforming, or increasing the steam content fed in steam reforming. Optimised hydrogen production and generation of green fuels from CO2 and CH4 can be achieved by implementing these strategies.
Assessment of direction changes in waste electrical and electronic equipment management in Poland
Authors: Przydatek Grzegorz , Kanownik Włodzimierz
Published: October 2023

The growing amount of waste electrical and electronic equipment indicates the need to verify the effectiveness of its management both nationally and globally. The conducted analysis of the WEEE economy in Poland over five years confirmed the increase in the mass of collected equipment by 16.64%. The maximum yearly mass of electrical and electronic equipment introduced to the market during this period was 607 240 Mg, with the average value exceeding 500 000 Mg. The category with the largest mass of WEEE collected was for waste code 20 01 36, exceeding 235 000 Mg, while the highest weight accumulation rate of waste, 45.98 kg per capita, was recorded in one of the smallest voivodeships of Poland. This result showed the diversity of WEEE accumulation on a national scale. Overall, a noticeable increase has occurred in the WEEE accumulation rate as the gross domestic product has increased, despite the decrease in population. The analysis based on the waste accumulation indicators, including socioeconomic factors, confirmed the need to develop forms of WEEE recovery and recycling to transition to a circular economy.
Hypofractionated Versus Conventional Fractionation External Beam Radiotherapy in Intermediate and High Risk Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Samuel Eileen , Zaman Saliha , Bakar Muhammad Abu , Fareed Muhammad Mohsin
Published: October 2023

Background:
The treatment options of intermediate and high risk prostate cancer include radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, and androgen deprivation therapy. Hypofractionated radiotherapy is becoming more popular lately due to better understanding of the radiobiology of prostate cancer and favorable logistics. We compared the toxicity and efficacy of hypofractionated versus conventional fractionation external beam radiotherapy in patients with intermediate and high risk localized prostate cancer treated at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore (SKMCH & RC).
Methodology:
We retrospectively conducted this study on 114 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma who underwent treatment at SKMCH & RC from 2013-2018. These patients were treated with radical radiotherapy along with hormonal therapy as per indication. Data was collected from electronic hospital system and analyzed by SPSS version 23.
Result:
Our study showed that out of total 114 patients, 12% (n=14) had an age range of 48-60 years, 56% (n= 64) were between 61-70 years and 32% (n= 36) were older than 71 years. Mean age was 68 years (61-75) and 93.4% had ECOG PS of 0-1. 88% of patients had stage III-IVA disease at the time of diagnosis with only 21% (n=24) with nodal involvement. Mean PSA was 33 ± 39 SD while mean GS was 7 ± 0.9 SD. 21% (n=24) had intermediate risk while 79% (n=89) were of high risk. Moreover, only 7 patients (30%) in intermediate risk group had PSA < 8 ng/mL and only two patients had GS above 7. In contrast, among high risk patients, 15 of them (19%) had PSA <8 ng/mL and 32 patients (41%) had GS above 7. 68% patients received ADT for ≤ 2 years. Furthermore, 89% (n=102) received radiotherapy with 69% of patients receiving dose of 60 Gy in 20 fractions while 31% got 70-76 Gy in 28-38 fractions. The patients who received hypofractionated dose, 14 % (n=10) developed grade 2 proctitis and 8% (n=6) developed grade 2 cystitis. In contrast, those who received conventional dose, only 3 patients developed grade 2 GI toxicity and 2 patients had grade 2 GU toxicity. 10 % patients (n=13) had biochemical failure while 12% (n=14) developed distal metastasis. 5 year overall survival for hypofractionated radiotherapy versus conventional dose was 100 % and 90% respectively with 95% CI and p= 0.3 (clinically insignificant), whereas 5 year disease free survival was 100 % and 75% for hypofractionation versus conventional EBRT respectively with 95% CI and p= 0.04 (clinically significant).
Conclusion:
Hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients with intermediate and high risk localized prostate cancer has better disease free survival at the expense of higher risk for proctitis and cystitis but no difference in overall survival as compared to conventional dose of radiation.
‘If I’m ill, I want you to do this...even if I tell you not’: A multi-perspective qualitative study exploring experiences of making ‘self-binding’ advance decisions with service users, carers, and clinicians
Authors: Stephenson L. A , Owen Gareth , Keene Alex Ruck , Rifkin Larry , Gergel Tania
Published: October 2023

Background
There is increasing international interest in mental health advance decision-making (ADM) for people with episodic severe mental illness who are at high risk of experiencing mental capacity loss and distressing involuntary treatment when unwell. ‘Self-binding’ (SB), sometimes known as a Ulysses contract, involves making advance requests for involuntary treatment. It is the most ethically controversial form of ADM but one that policy makers and researchers must engage with as evidence suggests it is supported by service users. This study aims to inform debate and policy through exploring the experience of service users, carers and health professionals involved in making ADM documents which include provision for ‘self-binding’.
Methods
We recruited service users diagnosed with bipolar disorder, with experience of compulsory treatment and fluctuating mental capacity during severe episodes of illness. We conducted interviews with these service users plus supporting family members/friends and clinicians before and after drafting self-binding ADM (SB-ADM) documents. Interviews were thematically analysed by an interdisciplinary team.
Results
75 interviews were analysed. The sample comprised 15 service users, 14 family members/friends and 18 clinicians. Key themes were: self-binding, feeling oppressed, being mis/unheard, addressing trauma, losing mental capacity, risking hope, building alliance. Two outlying categories were identified: radical refusals and radical requests.
Conclusions
This is, to our knowledge, the first study of stakeholder experience of drafting SB-ADM. The findings illuminate the complex psychological context within which SB-ADM occurs and challenge assumptions found in conceptual literature that the driving motivation for self-binding is achieving personal autonomy. Instead, this study suggests stakeholders are more invested in relational autonomy - using collaborative SB-ADM to build alliance and preserve interpersonal systems challenged by episodes of illness. Crucially, the data highlighted the potential harms if service user advance decisions are not accessed or applied by clinicians. Future research should focus on developing health professional training which includes awareness of the enabling psychological factors for SB-ADM and longitudinal lived experience studies which explore SB-ADM outcomes.
Methodology to Evaluate CO2 Emissions of Light-Duty Vehicle for Real-World Driving from Multiple Laboratory Testing
Authors: Tan Dan , Tan Jianwei , Liu Ming , Xu Hualong , Ge Yunshan
Published: October 2023

The influence of CO2 on Earth’s climate warming is significant. To quantitatively evaluate CO2 emissions in different test cycles, eight China 6 light-duty vehicles were tested under WLTC, CLTC-P and one RDE test, respectively. This study indicated that the CO2 emissions in all three test cycles were influenced by factors such as test weight, vehicle shape, and transmission. Additionally, the RDE test was also affected by road traffic conditions and driving style. There was a strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.99) between the CO2 emissions of CLTC-P and WLTC. The coefficients for Low Speed and High Speed were greater than 1, while the coefficient for Medium Speed was less than 1. Vehicle speed was the primary factor influencing CO2 emissions at Low Speed, whereas acceleration was the main factor at Medium Speed. Furthermore, there was also a strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.99) between the CO2 emissions of RDE and WLTC/CLTC-P, with coefficients close to or exceeding 1. Comparatively, utilizing data from both WLTC and CLTC-P provided more consistent errors compared to using only the measured CO2 emissions from either test. Overall, the estimated CO2 emissions using all three methods remained within an acceptable range under the four conditions.
Can structure optimization of mining industry reduce carbon emission in China? Evidence from kernel density estimation and PVAR approach
Authors: Luo Dejiang , yi Tingting , wang Xingyue , liang Yuan
Published: October 2023

The mining sector, a significant component of the economy, is under intense pressure to cut carbon emissions in order to help China meet its targets of "carbon peaking" by 2030 and "carbon neutrality" before 2060. Mining carbon emissions are significantly influenced by technical advancement and mining activity intensity. The effect of mining industry industrial structure and energy structure on mining industry carbon emissions, however, has not yet been explored. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association between the mining structure and carbon emissions. Kernel density estimation was used to analyze the dynamic evolution of mining industry carbon emission intensity in China and the eastern, central, and western regions; a Panel-VAR model was used to analyze the factors impacting the carbon emission intensity of the mining industry. Results revealed different downward trends in carbon emission intensity in China and the eastern and central regions, with the most obvious decline in mining industry emission intensity in the economically developed eastern region. At the national level, the percentage of large and medium-sized mines, the average production of individual mines, and the energy consumption structure of the mining industry are the key factors affecting the carbon emission intensity of the mining industry, but the degree of influence of these factors varies among different regions of China. Based on the findings, comprehensive policy recommendations are made to reduce carbon emissions in the Chinese mining industry.
Efficacy and Safety of HIP1601 (Dual Delayed-release Esomeprazole) 40mg in Erosive Esophagitis Compared to HGP1705 (Delayed-release Esomeprazole) 40mg: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Non-inferiority Study
Authors: Lim Hyun , Park Jong Kyu , Chung Hyunsoo , Lee Si Hyung , Park Jae Myung , Park Jung Ho , Kim Gwang Ha , Shin Sung Kwan , Hong Su Jin , Lee Kwang Jae , Park Moo In , Jung Hye-Kyung , Kim Hyun-Soo , Sung Jae Kyu , Jeon Seong Woo , Choi Suck Chei , Moon Jeong Seop , Kim Nayoung , Park Jong-Jae , Hong Sung Hee , Kim Na Young , Jung Hwoon-Yong
Published: October 2023

Background
Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective drugs for treating acid-related disorders. However, once-daily dosing with conventional PPIs fail to fully control acid secretion over 24 h. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of HIP1601 (dual delayed-release esomeprazole) and HGP1705 (delayed-release esomeprazole) in patients with erosive esophagitis (EE).
Methods
We enrolled 213 patients with EE randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive 40 mg HIP1601 (n = 107) or HGP1705 (n = 106) once daily for 4 or 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was the EE healing rate, confirmed by endoscopy at week 8. GERD-related symptoms and treatment-emergent adverse events were compared between both groups.
Results
By week 8, the estimated healing rates of EE were 97.8% and 96.8% in the HIP1601 and HGP1705 groups, respectively, with a 95% confidence interval of -4.7 to 7.2. After 4 or 8 weeks of treatment, the EE healing rate at week 4, complete resolution rate of symptoms, time to sustained resolution of symptoms, and number of rescue medications used were similar in both groups. The proportion of heartburn- and acid regurgitation-free nights by week 4 were higher in the HIP1601 group compared to the HGP1705 group, but the difference did not reach clinical significance (87.7% vs. 85.8%, P = 0.514, 87.5% vs. 85.8%, P = 0.774). The number of adverse events did not differ significantly between the two groups.
Conclusions
The efficacy and safety of HIP1601 40 mg were comparable to those of HGP1705 40 mg for the treatment of EE and symptomatic improvement of GERD.
Trial registration
NCT04080726 (https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04080726), registration date: 06/09/2019
Synthesis of Chlorfenazole from o -Chlorobenzonitrile Extracted from Expired Tear-Gas Grenade
Authors: Hu Zhangyan , Zhang Faheng , Mao Yongyang , Li Chen , Chen Lei , Sun Fubing , Liu Dandan , Gu Yanlong
Published: October 2023

Tear gases were originally manufactured as weapons that could severely disable or kill enemy troops. Though banned in war, these chemicals are still used in domestic policing. Due to ammunition management rules, a large number of tear-gas grenades are scrapped every year and need to be safely destroyed. o-Chlorobenzonitrile (CS) is commonly used as the tear-inducing agent in tear-gas grenade. Herein, we report a novel method to valorize waste CS. It includes (i) extraction of CS from expired tear gas grenade, and (ii) a Lewis acid-catalyzed reaction of CS and o-phenylenediamine to synthesize chlorfenazole, a commercialized benzimidazole-based drug used to treat intestinal nematodoses.
Study on micromolecular mechanical properties of C-atom reinforced SBR polymer composites
Authors: Chen Hongyue , Liu Siyuan , Fan Jingdao , Li Pengfei
Published: October 2023

A three-layer microscopic model with Fe atoms as the top and bottom layer and SBR polymer composites as the middle layer and SBR polymer composite was established and studied. By adding C atoms as reinforcement, the stabilityand elastic modulus and frictional coefficient changes of SBR polymer composites before and after adding C atoms were studied. In this study, the molecular dynamics method was used to change of elastic modulus was observed by stretching, compression and shear of the SBR polymer composite; The simulation shows that after adding C atom the elastic modulus of SBR polymer composite increased, the friction coefficient of polymer composite upper and lower decreases and the relative atomsic concentration, temperature, velocity, overall temperature average, kinetic energy, total energy and MSD in the thickness direction are reduced after adding C atoms. The stability of SBR polymer composites is enhanced, and the deformation under shear is weakened. In addition, it is found that the binding energy between SBR polymer composites and Fe atoms is reduced after adding C atoms.The stability of SBR polymer composites is improved during use.This work provides a method for studying the properties of rubber composites by studying the enhancement of the stability of SBR polymer composites from the microscopic point of view.
Constant and Variable Heat Shock Effects on Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Mortality and Biological Traits in the Context of Climate Change
Authors: Bicer Erinç Celik , Sak Olga , Er Aylin
Published: October 2023

One of the most significant global challenges is the rising temperatures attributed to climate change and the increasing presence of pest insects. The changes in the biological characteristics of invasive and harmful insect species due to continuously rising temperatures endanger various ecosystems, especially agriculture. The effects of different heat shocks (constant and variable) on the life history traits and mortality rates of the great wax moth Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were examined to better understand the lethality and physiological impacts of global warming. The research indicates that higher temperatures lead to a shorter life span and as the exposure to constant temperature increases, the mortality rate of insects rises. For G. mellonella subjected to constant heat shock, LTemp50,99 was determined as 42.645 and 45.137°C. In constant heat shock, the larval spinning was prolonged, pupal time, pupal period, and adult emergence time were shortened. Under this heat shock, matured individuals’ weights remained largely unaltered besides longevity and fecundity of the adult population reducing. In variable heat shock, while the larval spinning and pupal period were unaffected, pupal time and adult emergence time were shortened. Additionally, adult’s weights maturing under variable heat shock was unaffected besides longevity significantly shortening and fecundity fluctuating. This study predominantly addresses the interplay between elevated temperatures and harmful insects, depending on the type of heat shock exposure, highlighting the consequences of climate change and global warming on physiological attributes and mortality patterns within G. mellonella.
Sciatica caused by spinal epidural abscess as the initial clinical presentation of colon cancer: a rare case report and review of literature
Authors: Lu Kuan-Yu , Chiang Chang-Jung , Hsieh Yueh-Ying , Chen Chia-Hsien , Lee Mei Hui , Yen Min-Hsuan , Lu Po-Wen , Wu Lien-Chen
Published: October 2023

Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed forms of cancer, and it is associated with several common symptoms and signs. Sciatica is not considered one of these. However, in this article, we present a case of colorectal cancer manifesting symptoms of sciatica alone. The sciatica was the result of a spinal epidural abscess caused by the pathogen Streptococcus gallolyticus diagnosed by intraoperative pus culture. Although without typical signs of colorectal cancer, the presence of this pathogen prompted further tumor evaluation, ultimately leading to the discovery of a sigmoid adenocarcinoma. In rare cases, sciatica caused by S. gallolyticus infection of the spinal epidural space may serve as the initial presentation of colorectal cancer. Physicians should be aware of the strong association between S. gallolyticus and colorectal cancer. Based on what we currently know about the condition, we recommend a systematic assessment of occult neoplasia for patients with S. gallolyticus infection.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts exosomes promote prostate cancer metastasis through miR-500a-3p/FBXW7/HSF1 axis under hypoxic microenvironment
Authors: Niu Yinong , Liu Zhanliang , Lin Zhemin , Jiang Mingxin , Zhu Guangyi , Xiong Tianyu , Cao Fang , Cui Yun
Published: October 2023

Metastasis is the main cause of deaths in prostate cancer (PCa). However, the mechanisms of PCa metastasis remain unknown. In this study, severe hypoxia was identified in primary lesions of metastasis PCa (mPCa). The exosomes secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) significantly promoted PCa metastasis in vitro and in vivo. miRNA sequencing analysis and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) experiments indicated miR-500a-3p was significantly increased in CAFs exosomes under hypoxia. RT-qPCR, western blotting, and dual luciferase reporter assays were used to identify FBXW7 was a target of miR-500a-3p. Using immunohistochemistry, we found a decrease in FBXW7 expression with PCa progression, while there was an increase in HSF1 expression. After FXBW7 plasmid transfection, the metastasis ability was suppressed and HSF1 expression significantly decreased in PCa cells. These data indicated that CAFs exosomes promote PCa metastasis through miR-500a-3p/FBXW7/HSF1 axis under hypoxic microenvironment. Targeting hypoxia or exosomal miR-500a-3pmay provide a potential treatment strategy for the management of PCa.
Thala_screen/lintas – Developing a Mobile Application to Identify Screening Targets in the Extended Family of Thalassemia
Authors: Susanah Susi , Sari Nur Melani , Rakhmilla Lulu Eva , Febrianti Sindy Amalia , Permana Dea Aprilianti , Winyarti Winyarti
Published: October 2023

Background
Thalassemia poses a double burden on medical care and healthcare financing. Due to the high prevalence and the number of affected people which tends to increase in Indonesia, a national prevention and control program is the best rational approach to be implemented. Tailoring to limited resources, screening through the cascade method within extended families with thalassemia patients as index cases seems to be an appropriate approach. To address this, the Thala_screen/LINTAS mobile application was developed as a tool to determine screening targets within extended families with index cases.
Methods
The development of the application followed four phases. Firstly, content creation involved literature research, discussions with five experts, and pedigree design. Secondly, a trial phase by a forum group discussion was conducted with 30 subjects to evaluate the application's acceptability and user experience through quantitative and qualitative research. Thirdly, content validation was performed using an assessment sheet, which was reviewed by the experts twice. Lastly, a usability study was conducted with 25 parents of thalassemia patients at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, using ABCs questionnaires after using the application.
Results
The application's content data was aligned with its objectives, including family demographic data presented in a pedigree chart. The initial dataset included thalassemia registry data. Quantitative research showed an 80.25% acceptability rate, while qualitative research indicated that the application provided was relevant, useful, and presented in an appealing format. However, accessibility received an unsatisfactory response initially, which improved after reevaluation, raising the total validity index from 0.63 to 0.86. The usability study revealed favorable mean scores for the action (2.92) and behavior (0.85) sections, indicating the subjects' interest and ease of using the application.
Conclusion
This study showed that the Thala_screen mobile application was an acceptable and feasible tool for identifying thalassemia carrier screening targets in extended families.
Mediating effects of family management on health-related quality of life of Indonesian parents whose children with leukemia
Authors: Arifah Siti , Pookboonmee Renu , Patoomwan Autchareeya , Kittidumrongsuk Prasong
Published: October 2023

Background Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is one indicator of successful treatment of children's leukemia. It was influenced by many factors, including family management, one of the family variables. According to the family management framework, family management is a mediator that mediates between several factors and the health-related quality of life of children with specific diseases. This study aimed to evaluate mediating effects of family management on the relationship between several contextual influences and pediatric HRQoL of families with leukemia children in Indonesia. Methods This cross-sectional study involved parents of children with leukemia during active treatment recruited by purposive sampling from three hospitals in Java Island, Indonesia, starting from January 2021 to May 2022. Parents answered the questionnaire and interview to evaluate family management, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Cancer Module (PedsQL-C) to measure children’ HRQoL, the Multidimensional Illness Severity Questionnaire used to investigate the disease severity, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support to assess the social support. Descriptive statistics and path analysis were used to analyze family management as a mediator between family income, family structure, social support, geographic location, age of child, severity of disease, and HRQoL as the response variable. Results Based on 202 parents who completed the questionnaire found that social support and the severity of the disease significantly influenced both components of family management. Social support positively affected Easy Family Management (EFM) (β = .330, p = .000), while the severity of disease negatively influenced EFM (β = − .342, p = .000). In contrast, social support negatively affected Difficulty in Family Management (DFM) (β = − .137, p = .006), and severity of disease positively influenced DFM (β = .384, p = .000). Moreover, both of EFM and DFM had mediated the only relationship between severity of disease and health-related quality of life with p-value < 0.05. Conclusion This study partially supported the Family Management Style Framework. Social support and family management as modifiable factors should be adjusted to develop specific interventions and strategies to improve the quality of life of children.
The influence of depression and antidepressants on driving performance: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Kamphuis Kas G. , Goldenbeld Charles , Kuzminskaite Erika , Davidse Ragnhild J. , Penninx Brenda W.J.H.
Published: October 2023

Background
The public health impact of depression is large, as depression affects social and work functioning as well as physical health outcomes. A less explored topic is to what extent depression affects public health by impacting on road safety. To determine whether depression and antidepressant use have impact on driving safety and thereby public health, we systematically reviewed literature that examines their association with objectively assessed driving performance outcomes.
Methods
Two systematic literature reviews were performed, one for depression – driving performance (DEP-DP) and one for antidepressants – driving performance (AD-DP). Three online databases (PubMed, PsychINFO, Embase) were searched from Jan 1st 1997 through December 31st 2022. Estimates of effect sizes, Hedges’ g, were reported for standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP), speed, speed deviation, reaction time, visual perception, stress tolerance and reactivity, vigilance, sustained attention and selective attention. Meta-analyses were performed by calculating pooled estimates when at least three studies reported on the same outcome.
Results
For DEP-DP, only two studies could be included, both indicating poorer driving performance in depressed persons, but pooled estimates could not be calculated as not enough studies tested similar driving performance outcomes. For AD-DP, seven studies were included and pooled estimates could be calculated for four outcomes: reaction time, vigilance, selective attention and SDLP. AD users were less vigilant compared to healthy controls (3 studies, n=104, g=-.49, 95% CI -.85; -.13). No significant difference could be demonstrated for reaction time (3 studies, n = 93, g=.52, 95% CI -1.97; 3.00), selective attention (3 studies, n=104, g=-.45, -1.10; 0.19) or SDLP (3 studies, n=74, g=.06, 95% CI -1.15; 1.26).
Conclusions
Although various studies reported poorer driving performance in depressed persons as well as antidepressant users, a consistent picture is limited by the small number of studies and diverse driving performance outcomes used. Only a significant impact of antidepressant use on vigilance could be indicated, but as no comparison was made with depressed non-users, it is difficult to interpret such findings. More research is needed into the separate effects of depression and antidepressants on objectively assessed driving performance.
Preparation of Co3O4 nanoparticles in a lyotropic liquid crystal medium and their application in anti-bacterial, anti-cancer and catalytic activities
Authors: Santhiya N. , Meyyathal PR. , Umadevi S.
Published: October 2023

Preparation of Co3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) via a chemical reduction method at room temperature in a lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) medium is described. A mixture of triton X-100 and water in the ratio 2.1:2.9 (wt%) exhibited LLC having a hexagonal structure in the temperature range 25-29°C. The NPs were prepared in this medium by reducing cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2.6H2O) using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) resulting in nearly spherical particles having a size of ∼100nm. The LLC medium facilitated a controlled growth of the NPs and also provided stabilization for the NPs by preventing their aggregation. The anti-bacterial activity of the particles indicated a significant activity towards gram-negative bacteria. Anticancer activity against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 showed an impressive IC50 value of 30.8 µg/mL. Additionally, the efficiency of the Co3O4 NPs as catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and degradation of a dye named methylene blue was evaluated; the apparent rate constant values calculated for these reactions were 1.8´10-2 min-1 and 3.1´10-2 min-1 respectively. Besides, particles displayed efficient activity till 5th cycle.
The impact of UK social distancing guidance on the health and wellbeing of disabled people during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative exploration
Authors: Nicholls Lucy , McKinlay Alison , Berger Rachael , Fancourt Daisy , Burton Alexandra
Published: October 2023

Background The sudden introduction of social distancing measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant lifestyle changes for the UK population. People living with physical disabilities were deemed to be at greater risk of complications following COVID-19 infection and were subjected to stricter social distancing guidelines. But gaps remain in our understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions affected the health and wellbeing of people with physical disabilities. Such understanding is vital to ensure equitable future pandemic preparedness for people living with physical disabilities.
Methods We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with 31 people living in the UK between May 2020 and January 2022. All participants self-identified as having a physical disability that affected their mobility, sight, or hearing. We analysed the data using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results Six themes were identified that described the impact of the pandemic on health and wellbeing: i) adaptations to healthcare provision led to a deterioration in health; ii) exacerbations of inequalities in access to public space due to social distancing guidelines; iii) experiences of hostility from able-bodied people; iv) loss of social lives and encounters; v) difficulties maintaining distance from others and subsequent fear of infection and vi) strategies to support mental health and coping when confined to the home.
Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing health and social inequalities experienced by disabled people. The disproportionate impact of the pandemic on service provision and social connections resulted in challenging circumstances for disabled people who faced unmet medical needs, deteriorating health, and at times, hostile public spaces. Disabled people’s experiences need to be incorporated into future pandemic or health-related emergency planning to ensure equality of access to services and public spaces to ensure their health and wellbeing is supported and maintained.
Assessing Primary Health Care Provider and Organization Readiness to Address Family Violence in Alberta, Canada: Development of a Delphi Consensus Readiness Tool
Authors: Sehgal Anika , Montesanti Stephanie , Zaeem Lubna , McManus Carrie , Squires Suzanne , Silverstone Peter
Published: October 2023

Background Family violence, which includes intimate partner abuse, child abuse, and elder abuse, is a serious public health concern. Primary healthcare (PHC) offers a vital opportunity to identify and address family violence, yet barriers prevent the effective implementation of Family violence interventions in PHC settings. The current paper aims to enhance family violence identification and response in Alberta's PHC settings by exploring readiness factors. Methods An integrated knowledge translation approach, combining implementation science and participatory action research, was employed to develop a readiness assessment tool for addressing family violence within PHC settings in Alberta. The research involved three phases: phase 1 encompassed a realist-informed rapid evidence assessment, phase 2 engaged a panel of healthcare experts to explore readiness components in the Alberta context, and phase 3 utilized a 3-round Delphi consensus-building process to refine indicators. Results Key findings from a rapid evidence assessment highlighted five main models/tools for assessing readiness to implement family violence interventions in PHC settings. In phase 2, additional concepts were identified through exploration with healthcare expert panel members, resulting in a total of 16 concepts for assessing family violence readiness within the Alberta context. The 3-round Delphi consensus-building process involved nine panelists, who collectively agreed on the inclusion of all concepts and indicators, yielding a total of 60 items for the proposed readiness assessment tool for addressing family violence in PHC within Alberta. Conclusion The current study lays the groundwork for future family violence intervention programs, offering insights into key components that promote readiness for implementing comprehensive programs and supporting PHC organizations in effectively addressing family violence.
Use of Himplant® for Correction of Residual Deformity Following Prior Treatment of Peyronie’s Disease: A Case Series
Authors: Elist James , Levine Laurence , Desouky Elsayed , Moon Daniel , Wilson Steven
Published: October 2023

Over the years, numerous non-surgical and surgical treatment options have been explored for Peyronie’s disease (PD). Current options may result in incomplete correction of the deformity, which can be bothersome to the patient. This is a two-center case series of three patients who had previously undergone treatment for PD. Patient data was collected, including demographics, PD characteristics, previous treatments, and outcomes. Patient 1 underwent plication with extratunical grafting. Patient 2 underwent a series of Xiaflex injections and then subsequent plication for residual curvature. Patient 3 underwent a series of Xiaflex injections. The Himplant® subcutaneous silicone penile prosthesis was placed in a standardized manner in all cases. Follow-up evaluation was conducted to assess the effectiveness and patient satisfaction following the Himplant® procedure and to report on associated complications. Our case series demonstrates the potential effectiveness and benefits of using Himplant® to correct residual penile deformity and enhance penile girth in patients after PD treatment. Based on our limited experience, we would consider offering Himplant® implantation when the residual curvature is < 40° and the penile indentation does not cause instability/buckling during penetrative sexual activity. Further research and larger studies are warranted to validate these findings and assess long-term outcomes and patient-reported satisfaction.
Environmental innovation and international migration of inventors
Authors: Etzo Ivan , Takaoka Sumiko
Published: October 2023

We study the effects of migrant inventors on environmental innovation activity for sustainable development. We focus on the migration of inventors from (to) countries that specialize in patent applications grouped into eight environment-related technology domains. Using the novel dataset created by Pellegrino et al. (2023) and a weighting scheme to construct the migrant inventor variables, we create accurate measures of the stock of immigrant and emigrant inventors. We find a positive and significant impact of migrant inventors on the green innovation activity of both receiving and sending countries. The results indicate that environmental innovation rises with R&D expenditure, international trade, air pollution (CO2 emissions), and the number of natural disasters. Our results are robust to the instrumental variable approach, a falsification test for the main explanatory variables, a dynamic model specification (path dependency hypothesis), a different set of lagged control variables, and inventors’ data tracked over time.
Relationship Between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Chronic Respiratory Disease: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Jia Guobing , Guo Tao , He Chengshi
Published: October 2023

Background
Although many studies have found an association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and chronic respiratory disease, the conclusions are not uniform across studies and the exact relationship remains unclear.
Methods
We explored the bidirectional causal relationship between H. pylori infection and chronic respiratory disease using a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) method. Data on exposure and outcomes were obtained from the publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) database, data on H. pylori infection were obtained from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) database, while chronic respiratory disease from the FinnGen database. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used as the primary statistical method.
Results
MR analyses showed that genetically predicted H. pylori infection had no effect on any of the five chronic respiratory diseases under the Wald ratio and IVW methods. The three MR methods, IVW, MR-Egger, and weighted median (WM), showed that H. pylori infection did not have an effect on any of the four chronic respiratory diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and bronchiectasis). The IVW method showed that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) was associated with a H. pylori infection risk reduction (OR = 0.97; p = 0.041), which was not significant using the MR-Egger and WM methods.
Conclusion
Our results found that H. pylori infection had no effect on chronic respiratory diseases, and asthma, COPD, lung cancer, and bronchiectasis have no effect on H. pylori infection, whereas IPF has a mild protective effect against H. pylori infection.
Chronic Pain Healthcare workers’ challenges in pain management and receptiveness towards VR as an adjunct management tool: a qualitative study
Authors: Li Lydia Weiling , Tan Hui Yi , Khaing Nang Ei Ei
Published: October 2023

Background
Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that affects individuals physically and mentally. Reliance on pharmacotherapy for pain management comes with risks of analgesic misuse and dependence. Hence, non-pharmacologic treatment plays a crucial role in pain management. Virtual reality is a novel method in chronic pain management. However, there is little understanding about healthcare providers’ perspectives on the use of virtual reality technology in managing chronic pain. This study aims to explore the current management challenges faced by chronic pain healthcare providers and their perspectives on using virtual reality as adjunctive therapy in managing chronic pain.
Method
Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted among all chronic pain healthcare providers in a tertiary hospital. The interviews were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis.
Results
Eight chronic pain healthcare providers participated in this study. Financial issues were cited as one of the biggest barriers for utilisation of non-pharmacological treatment. Participants highlighted the importance of psychosocial support from family and healthcare providers. Challenges identified included absence of patient engagement and lack of awareness about pain management among healthcare providers as well as the lack of an integrated multidisciplinary approach in our healthcare system. Participants were receptive towards the use of virtual reality in chronic pain management and offered ample opinions and suggestions for its application in chronic pain management.
Conclusions
A multilevel, multifaceted approach is needed to improve chronic pain management. Virtual reality technology could be considered as an adjunct therapy to address some of the challenges and limitations identified in this study.
Identification of Key Genes and Pathways Governing T-DM1 Resistance in OE-19 Esophageal Cancer Cells through Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Yazdani Fateme , Mottaghi-Dastjerdi Negar , Ghorbani Abozar , Soltany-Rezaee-Rad Mohammad , Montazeri Hamed , Khoshdel Farzane , Guzzi Pietro Hiram
Published: October 2023

Introduction
: Esophageal Cancer (EC) ranks among the most common malignancies worldwide. Most EC patients acquire drug resistance to chemotherapy either intrinsically or acquired after T-DM1 treatment, which shows that increasing or decreasing the expression of particular genes might influence chemotherapeutic sensitivity or resistance. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of the altered expression of genes involved in EC drug resistance and developing new therapeutic methods are essential targets for continued advancement in EC therapy.
Methods
The present study aimed to find critical regulatory genes/pathways in the progression of T-DM1 resistance in OE-19 EC cells. Expression datasets were extracted from GEO omnibus. Gene interactions were analyzed, and the protein-protein interaction network was drawn. Then, enrichment analysis of the hub genes and network cluster analysis of the hub genes was performed. Finally, the genes were screened in the DrugBank database as therapeutic targets.
Results
In the current study nine hub genes were identified in TDM-1 resistant EC cells (CTGF, CDH17, THBS1, CXCL8, NRP1, ITGB5, EDN1, FAT1, and PTGS2). the KEGG analysis highlighted the IL-17 signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction pathway as the most important pathways; cluster analysis also showed the significance of these pathways; therefore, the genes involved in these two pathways, including CXCL8, FSCN1, PTGS2, SERPINE2, LEF1, THBS1, CCN2, TAGLN, CDH11, ITGA6 were searched in DrugBank as therapeutic targets. The DrugBank analysis suggests a potential role for Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in reducing T-DM1 drug resistance in EC.
Conclusion
This comprehensive bioinformatics analysis deeply explains the molecular mechanisms governing TDM-1 resistance in EC. The identified hub genes and their associated pathways offer potential targets for therapeutic interventions. Moreover, the potential role of NSAIDs in mitigating T-DM1 resistance presents an intriguing avenue for further investigation. This research contributes significantly to the field and establishes a basis for further research to enhance treatment efficacy for EC patients.
A Study of the Effects of Learning and Practicing Motor Skills on Cognitive Abilities and Psychological Well-being Among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Javanmard Gholam Hossein , Javanmard Shahin
Published: October 2023

Background
Older adults' mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can affect their daily activities. Therefore, researchers have developed a variety of rehabilitation strategies for this impairment. This study examines the impact of learning and practicing motor skills on the cognitive functioning and psychological well-being of patients suspected of being affected by MCI.
Method
For this purpose, 32 patients aged 55-75-year-old men were selected among people suspected of having MCI syndrome by interviewing and psychological evaluation by a psychologist and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Nejati cognitive ability tests (2013) (which evaluates seven cognitive abilities: memory, inhibitory control and selective attention, decision making, planning, sustained attention, social cognition, and cognitive flexibility) and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (1989) (which evaluates five psychological well-being factors; life satisfaction, happiness, self-esteem, self-control, and self-efficacy) was implemented on the groups. Three months and three weekly sessions were organized for the experimental group, in which movement skills (adapted from authentic martial arts) were taught and practiced. The multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) statistical method analyzed the pre-and post-test data.
Conclusion
The results showed that learning and practicing movement skills impacted brain functioning, improving several cognitive abilities and aspects of psychological well-being in older adults who were believed to suffer from MCI syndrome. Furthermore, from a theoretical standpoint, these findings are consistent with the results of neuroscience and specific theories that see cognition as a type of movement-dependent brain functioning.