bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЕЛЕКТРОННИЙ УРЯД ЯК ФОРМА ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ВЛАДИ І ГРОМАДЯН: УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ
Authors: Жезняк М. М.
Published: December 2021

У зв’язку із впровадженням нових технологій в управлінській діяльності виникає потреба у глибокому аналізі наявних процесів діджиталізації державного управління. В контексті існування інформаційного суспільства потрібно враховувати всі аспекти сучасних технологій, зокрема й можливості та ефективність функціонування електронного уряду як ефективного механізму взаємодії громадян та держави.

Існують проблеми щодо впровадження електронного уряду як такого через недосконалість нормативно-правового регулювання деяких процесів та перспективи подальшого їх впровадження. Наприклад, вибори з використанням мережі Інтернет, збільшення кількості державних послуг, що надаються державою не безпосередньо в будівлях органів державної влади, а дистанційно, відкритість публічних даних для розбудови демократичного суспільства та безпека даних громадян, що знаходяться в електронних базах держави.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ ПОНЯТЬ «НАЦІОНАЛЬНА БЕЗПЕКА» І «ДЕРЖАВНА БЕЗПЕКА» У ПОЛІТИКО-ПРАВОВОМУ ДИСКУРСІ
Authors: Куц Г. М.
Published: December 2021

У статті здійснено концептуалізацію понять «національна безпека» та державна безпека» у політико-правовому контексті. Категорія національної безпеки є ширшою, ніж категорія державної безпеки, що є важливим маркером демократичності політичної системи певної держави.

Аргументовано, що у концептуальній демаркації понять «національна безпека» та «державна безпека» вагомого значення набуває тип політичного режиму в державі. Чим більш розвинуте демократичне суспільство, тим легше виявити концептуальні відмінності між обома дефініціями. За умов домінування недемократичного політичного режиму у державі (тоталітаризм/авторитаризм) концептуальні ознаки цих понять «зливаються», що врешті призводить до їх ототожнення.
WAYS OF FORMING PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS-TO-BE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE IN MODERN PR CHINA
Authors: PENG Chen
Published: December 2021

Modern reality and the demands of society put forward new requirements not only for the content of the future primary school teachers professional training (timely updates, variety of information, etc.), but also for the forms of the educational process organization. The variety and number of forms and methods that were used in the educational process during the training process of a future primary school teacher will definitely have a positive effect on the tools that the teacher himself/ herself will use in the practice activity. This article makes an attempt to present the forms of the primary school teachers-to-be educational processorganisation during the professional training course in educational institutions in PR China. Forms that are actively used and have a long historical and pedagogical tradition (mainly collective ones) as well as the ones that have not yet become widespread and are only being tested by the Chinese pedagogical practice are analyzed. The study is made as a part of «A Comparative Study on Professional Development of Primary School Teachers in China and South Korea» research program (registration number ZKNUC2017038)
THE ELDERLY CHARACTERS IN DRAMAS OF TENNESSEE WILLIAMS
Authors: GAIDASH Anna
Published: December 2021

One of the disturbing issues represented in Williams’ dramas is old age along with aging. The paper analyzes elderly characters in the network of playwright’s selected texts of different periods, in particular, “The Glass Menagerie”, “Sweet Bird of Youth”, “The Night of the Iguana” and “Milk Train Doesn’t Stop Here Anymore” as well as his lesser-known works “The Frosted Glass Coffin” and “This is the Peaceable Kingdom or Good Luck God” from the perspective of literary gerontology. The representative of the literary traditions of the American South, Williams demonstrates in his dramas the vulnerability and fragility of aging. The tragedy of old age in Williams’ plays is detected in the old age/youth antinomy. The character of a lonely aging woman or a spinster takes often the center stage. Williams’s treatment of his female characters’ (Princess Alexandra and Flora Goforth) sexuality challenges the ageist assumption that older women do not have or should not have intimate relationships. The dramatist renders the mentioned above characters sexually visible in the older woman/younger man relationships without pretence or concealing the corporeal transformations. The close reading of six dramas by Tennessee Williams demonstrates the anxiety of aging and old dramatis personae reflecting social ills. The study discerns the foreshadowing of the epigraphs (from poetry by E. Cummings, H. Crane, E. Dickinson, W. Yeats) implying the anxious aspects of aging and “third age” in four major Williams’s works; the dramatist’s late style represented by “The Frosted Glass Coffin” and “This is the Peaceable Kingdom or Good Luck God” manifests the explicit gerontophobia through rather grotesquely realistic than poetic imagery in the texts’ plot-lines.
Sampling Theoretically for Comparison
Authors: Adebayo Adeyemi , Ackers Barry
Published: December 2021

Sampling has historically been one of the major challenges of the comparative research approach. These sampling challenges primarily result from the way researchers select the cases/samples for the study. In this regard, researchers have to a large extent tended to employ non-probability convenience and purposive sampling techniques. Even though it may be argued that these sampling approaches need not be theory driven as samples tend to evolve in the process of research, more often than not, these sampling methods, especially in comparative research designs, while skewing research attention towards over-researched countries and cases, wealthy nations and incomparable cases, also introduce an element of bias into sampling and therefore into research findings. Thus, this paper argues for a move away from the simplicity of purposive and convenience sampling, to one of the more robust forms of theoretical sampling, in order to improve the research rigour associated with the comparative methodological approach. This paper accordingly postulates this may be achieved by engaging in some form of theoretical sampling. In this regard, this paper describes a two-phase method for generating comparative samples from theories, involving six distinct steps.
Experimental techniques in the wind tunnel of naval architecture faculty
Authors: Obreja Dan
Published: December 2021

The implementation of innovative solutions in the field of shipbuilding requires the continuous development of research infrastructure. The hydro-aerodynamic problems of fluid flow around the hulls can be solved with numerical and/or experimental techniques. In any case, the validation of the numerical solutions is performed in specialized hydro-aerodynamic laboratories by means of the experimental model tests. In this context, a wind tunnel was developed at the Naval Architecture Faculty of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, in order to measure the aerodynamic forces and moments or the speed and pressure distribution on the hull, generated by the wind action. This paper presents the most important types of problems that can be experimentally approached in the aerodynamic tunnel and the specific experimental equipments. The wind tunnel development was financed from the university funds.
Experimental model tests to improve a tanker resistance performance
Authors: Obreja Dan
Published: December 2021

The ship resistance is one of the most important hydrodynamics performances, being related to the contractual ship speed. The experimental model tests can be used to measure and improve the resistance performance. In this paper, the possibility of using the experimental techniques in order to improve a tanker model resistance is demonstrated, based on a bulbous bow modelling solution. In this context, the results obtained in the Towing Tank of the Naval Architecture Faculty of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, related to a tanker model resistance with and without bulbous bow are presented. The bulbous bow form was realised based on the hydrodynamics principles adapted to the bow forms of the tanker. In the case of the bulbous bow solution, a significant reduction of over 8% of the tanker model resistance was obtained, in the design speed domain.
On seakeeping capabilities evaluation of a large off-shore barge
Authors: Domnisoru Leonard
Published: December 2021

Usual specially designed barges are involved in the off-shore operations that have to be evaluated by several criteria, inclusive of the seakeeping capabilities. The paper includes a comparative seakeeping study of two constructive versions for a large off-shore barge with a length of 189 m, having different breadths 40 m and 50 m. Both constructive versions are on the full cargo 23000 t condition. The seakeeping analyses are done with our own software DYN-OSC, developed by linear potential Lewis’s strip theory. The seakeeping studies are done in oblique irregular waves with a maximum height of 12 m and for the off-shore barge maximum operation speed of 7 knots. The results of this comparative study reveal the differences in the seakeeping operation capabilities for the two off-shore barge constructive versions.
Ship concept for cleaning the navigable inland water of floating debris
Authors: Bleoju Anca , Pohilca Alin , Tudose Daniela-Ioana , Mocanu Costel Iulian
Published: December 2021

Rivers like the Danube crossing many countries gather floating debris. These countless times block locks, access roads to ports, access walkways on the berths of passenger ships and more.

The paper presents the studies carried out in order to design a ship for the collection of these floating debris. Several variants have been chosen, of which one will be presented that is optimal from the point of view of the propulsion installation and especially of the wave front that it produces during the operation of waste collection and navigation to the place of unloading.

In order to optimize the shapes of the ship, the NUMECA calculation program was used. It provides important data on the wavefront produced by the ship.
Electric propulsion of ships and its advantages for anchor lifting towing vessels
Authors: Maimon Dan
Published: December 2021

This article is describing the way of construction and operation of an oscillating water column system in order to recover as much as possible from the waves energy. The oscillating water column plant is used for the production of electrical energy by tidal currents, and it is currently the most widespread and economical method for the conversion of wave motion. The environmental impact of these infrastructures remains very low: no emissions of gas or any waste during their operation. In addition, the swell is a formidable source of energy.
Shapes’ optimisation using numerical naval hydrodynamics of a Ro-Ro double ferry with electric propulsion to cross the Danube
Authors: Sava Nichita , Moise Liviu , Tudose Daniela-Ioana , Mocanu Costel Iulian , Gavan Eugen
Published: December 2021

One of the crucial problems of the 21st century is pollution. Regarding a low carbon footprint, thorough research efforts are being made to minimise fuel gas emissions. Ships, through the powers established for propulsion and the fossil fuels used, are some of the most toxic human inventions. Scientist in many European countries and beyond are developing studies either to reduce emissions from propulsion engines or to design body shapes of ships with low forward resistance and to find electric propulsion solutions. This paper carries out studies of naval hydrodynamics to find body shapes that generate the lowest resistance to advance. Thus, using hydrodynamic observations and with the help of the NUMECA calculation program, two different hulls are studied in order to establish the optimal shape with the lowest forward resistance. Furthermore, acknowledging the limited aquarium of the inland waters, an important aspect to approach is the size of the waves as well as their length. In order not to cause damage to existing shores and facilities, the waves produced by the floating body must have minimum heights and wavelengths.
Evaluation of the vertical strenght of a 3000 tdw barge using the equivalent beam approach
Authors: Perijoc Dumitru-Silviu , Domnisoru Leonard
Published: December 2021

For the preliminary design stage, the evaluation of vertical strength is mandatory for the preliminary scantling of the structure. This paper presents the evaluation of the vertical sectional efforts by equivalent beam approach, using the 3D-CAD lines plan of a 3000 tdw barge and mass diagram. For numerical analysis the own program P_QSW is used, for sagging and hogging wave condition, ship headings 0 and 45o, wave height max. 1.2 m. The vertical sectional efforts are compared with the maximum bending moment and shearing force prescribed by the classification societies for the 3000 tdw preliminary vertical strength assessment.
Pandemia y gobiernos locales en el interior de la Provincia de Buenos Aires:
Authors: Nicolao Julieta , Calvento Mariana , Piersanti Analuz
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del artículo es realizar una reflexión empíricamente informada en torno al impacto reciente de la pandemia por el COVID-19 sobre las estrategias de inserción internacional de los gobiernos locales. La hipótesis que orienta el análisis asume que se observa una incidencia positiva de la crisis sanitaria global sobre los intereses y motivaciones, así como en las herramientas disponibles para las administraciones locales de cara a su accionar internacional. El trabajo, sustentado en un amplia revisión y análisis documental, centrado en los gobiernos municipales del interior de la Provincia de Buenos Aires en base a las experiencias de Tandil y Pergamino, revela que ambos se sirvieron de su trayectoria de internacionalización logrando no sólo sostener una agenda activa en este plano, sino también, incluyendo las relaciones internacionales como parte de la actuación local para enfrentar la crisis. En ese sentido, mientras Pergamino se recostó más en sus políticas unilaterales de comercio exterior, Tandil mantuvo una performance más integral, con énfasis en sus relaciones multilaterales, a través de la participación en redes de ciudades.
Foreign Language Speaking Skills Development through Creating Situations of Verbal Communication
Authors: Tarasenko S.
Published: December 2021

Ability to speak is the most essential skill since it is the basic for communication. For improving speaking skill, students need lots of practice, encouragement and correction. This paper examines the peculiarities of educational process organization regarding developing foreign language speaking skills of students in higher educational establishments. It analyzes the main specific features of speaking, as one of the most valued skills in learning a foreign language. A range of problems in teaching language oral speech are considered and analyzed. The main difficulties and reasons for the lack of progress in teaching speaking skills are given and characterized along with the main prerequisites for successful enhancement of these skills. There are many factors that influence the speaking skill of the students. Some factors come from the teacher, some other come from the student itself. According to many teaching theorists, speaking skill can be developed through communicative activities. This paper examines what the role of the teacher is in order to improve the learners’ skills, the features of oral communication that need to be improved and which strategies can be used to overcome the difficulties. The paper also describes some types of language activities that stimulate students' speaking. Some measures to solve the problems are recommended to be taken.
Evaluación de la selectividad y efectividad de distintos herbicidas para el control de malezas en el cultivo de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) en Corrientes
Authors:   , Pinto Ruiz Gabriel Antonio
Published: December 2021

El cultivo de mandioca es importante en la alimentación de millones de personas a nivel mundial por sus raíces amiláceas para consumo fresco, obtención de fécula o alimentación animal. La interferencia de las malezas es uno de los pocos factores que le son adversos, pudiendo ocasionar una pérdida total de rendimiento del cultivo. El control manual de las mismas representa entre el 30–45% del costo de producción, por lo cual una opción de menor costo sería el empleo de herbicidas, los cuales deben controlar a las malezas y no dañar al cultivo o hacerlo en forma muy leve. El objetivo fue evaluar distintos principios activos o mezclas de herbicidas para el control químico de malezas en el cultivo de mandioca. Los ensayos se emplazaron en Corrientes, Argentina mediante un diseño completamente al azar con un arreglo factorial de 13 tratamientos de control de malezas en dos campañas agrícolas. Los herbicidas y dosis (g ia ha-1) fueron, pre-emergentes: Diuron (400 y 625), Clomazone (500 y 1000), S-metolacloro (960 y 1920) y Pendimetalin (900), post-emergentes dirigidos: Paraquat dicloruro (621), Glifosato (1620ea), Saflufenacil+Glifosato (24,5+1080ea) e Imazetapir (100ea). Además, se incorporaron un testigo sin control y un control carpido. Las variables medidas fueron: fitotoxicidad, altura de plantas, stand de plantas, abundancia-cobertura de malezas, MS de malezas y variables productivas del cultivo. La campaña agrícola 2018–2019 registró una precipitación acumulada mayor que en 2019–2020. El Diuron fue el herbicida pre-emergente que mayor efecto fitotóxico obtuvo, llegando a presentar mortandad de plantas con la dosis más alta en la campaña de mayor precipitación. De los herbicidas post-emergentes dirigidos, el Imazetapir fue el que mayor efecto fitotóxico generó al cultivo, llegando a inhibir la producción en ambas campañas. Los tratamientos de control de malezas Glifosato y Saflufenacil+Glifosato no afectaron el rendimiento de raíces tuberosas.
Application of the global computing curriculum guidelines and skills frameworks for competency discovery and analysis: a case study of data analytics
Authors: Erturk Emre
Published: December 2021

The current global computing curriculum guidelines including MISI2016, IT2017 and IS2020 are built to promote and facilitate competency-based higher education programs development and to enhance graduate employability. Their applications however are facing challenges in understanding, interpretation and operationalization. Taking data analytics and data engineering, this study shows how these guidelines are used to discover and analyze competencies, the boundaries between typical IT and IS programs and between IS undergraduate and postgraduate programs and further, the gaps for these programs to fill to incorporate professional practice competencies. The global skills frameworks are invoked and SFIA 7 is used to assist analysis.
REMOTE MONITORING OF ENERGY PRODUCTION AND EFFICIENCY
OF AN OFF-GRIDD PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
Authors: Radoi Radu-Iulian , Dumitrescu Liliana , Chirita Alexandru-Polifron , Vladut Nicolae-Valentin
Published: December 2021

In remote locations where people are required to live, such as weather stations in mountain areas, astronomical observatories etc., it is necessary to provide electricity for the operation of equipment and for domestic needs. The optimal solution is the use of photovoltaic energy. Owners of solar systems can remotely monitor the operation of the photovoltaic plant via the Internet (LTE, LoRa). The operating parameters of the solar installation can be seen in real time or can be adjusted. The article presents theoretical aspects, the hardware structure of monitoring equipment and remote monitoring software, which allow the analysis of the production and efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) installation.
“WOMEN's STRIKE”: THE PROBLEM OF ABORTION IN THE MIRROR OF POLITICAL STRUGGLE IN MODERN POLAND
Authors: Timofeeva O.V.
Published: December 2021

The article attempts to trace the impact that the "women's strike" had on the positions of forces in the issue of abortion in modern Poland. The author draws attention to the reaction to the Constitutional Court of Poland and its changes over the past period. The author discovers that only political parties that do not play a significant role in political life are willing to support the protesters on the women's agenda, and that a significant opposition party, as a result of the tightening of the abortion legislation, is coming to an understanding of the need to revise its program in relation to abortion.
PROBLEMS OF WESTERNIZATION OF THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN POLITICAL CULTURE
Authors: Denisov S.A.
Published: December 2021

In 1993 Russia announced the westernization of its political system. Its main institutions were enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation (democracy, republic, separation of powers, rule of law). However, the researchers note that the reform failed. Russia only simulates the transition to Western standards of life. The author of the study sets himself the task of identifying the reasons for failure in the nature of the country's political culture. Applying a dialectical and materialistic approach to the problem, the author reveals the influence of the economic system of the country, the social structure of society, imitative changes in the political system, socialization, and traditions of society on the nature of the political culture of Russia. Based on his previous research, the author introduces a number of new explanatory theories. In his opinion, the movement towards the Western model is slowed down by the administrative class which does not want to lose its dominant position. It is not ready to move to a competitive political system, in which it loses its power and turns into a bureaucracy dependent on public politicians representing society. The service intelligentsia is engaged in spreading the public consciousness that is beneficial to the administrative class. Together, they support the type of consciousness of the population that is beneficial to them. Western political ideology is spread in society by the civil intelligentsia, but its significance is not great. The majority of the population agrees with the rule of the administrative class and votes in support of it. Therefore, there is no competitive political system in Russia. The mass consciousness of Russians remains irrational, which allows them to control it with the help of symbolic actions. It retains such archaic features as herd status and infantilism. An infantile person needs a master who decides for him in which direction society will develop, organizes this development, takes care of the population. People express dissatisfaction with this master, but accept his power and obey him. The degree of westernization of Russia's political culture is still very insignificant. The author defines it as 3 points out of 10. The political culture of Russia will be westernized as competitive capitalist relations develop in the country. Competition rules based on the law will gradually be introduced into the political life of the country.
Külszíni bányászati robbantások szeizmikus hatása az erdőbényei andezitbányában
Authors: Szarvas Beáta , Virág Zoltán
Published: December 2021

A bányászati célú robbantások egyik kísérőjelensége a kőzetben terjedő szeizmikus hatás. Ennek mértéke befolyásolható különböző megoldásokkal, így káros hatása elkerülhető, de a jelenlétével mindig számolni kell. A rezgések nagyságát geofonnal mérhetjük, amit a hatósági előírások évente egyszer kötelezővé is tesznek a bányaüzem számára. Egy kiválasztott kőbányához közeli lakott területen végzett korábbi szeizmikus ellenőrző mérések eredményei kerülnek bemutatásra. A mért értékeket összehasonlítjuk a robbantásokkor és a jelenleg érvényes szabályzatok előírásaival.
Szerelősor hatékonyságjavítása Lean módszerekkel
Authors: Veress Gábor
Published: December 2021

A cikkben az OTDK-n 2. helyezést elért dolgozatom rövidített tartalmát mutatom be, amely a mindennapi munkám során szerzett Lean elvű folyamatfejlesztési tapasztalataim eredményeinek egy részét összegezi. Először a Lean elvű folyamatfejlesztés általános módszertanát ismertetem. Ezt követően egy adott multinacionális vállalatnál vizsgált valós termelési folyamatban felmerülő konkrét gyakorlati problémák elemzésének bemutatására kerül sor. Majd a – 3 problémakörbe rendszerezett – feltárt problémák Lean módszerekkel történő megoldására konkrét, a gyakorlatban már meg is valósított fejlesztési javaslatokat teszek. A cikk egyedi és gyakorlatorientált, mivel valós ipari gyakorlati példát mutat be a Lean módszerekkel történő folyamatfejlesztésre.
Additív fémnyomtató szerszámgépek
Authors: Kiss Lotár László
Published: December 2021

A 3D-nyomtatás, mint újszerű gyártási módszer egyre inkább terjed, és borítja fel a megszokott ipari konvenciókat. Míg eddig leginkább műanyag alkatrészek gyártásában kapott főszerepet, jelenleg egyre jobban terjednek a fém alapanyagú verziók is. Neves szerszámgép gyártók, mint pl. a DMG Mori, vagy a GE szállnak versenybe egymással, hogy a technológiát megvalósító berendezéseket alkossanak az ipar számára, ahol pedig egyre növekvő piaca van az ilyen gépeknek. Cikkem igyekszik választ adni arra a kérdésre, hogy hol van a helye ezeknek az eszközöknek az iparban, tekinthetőek-e szerszámgépeknek és alkalmazhatóak-e rájuk a szerszámgépek felépítését leíró/feltáró eljárások.
A villamosenergia-felhasználás változása
Authors: Lipták Róbert , Hadházi Tibor
Published: December 2021

A tanulmány a jelenlegi villamosenergia felhasználást, valamint a közeljövőben prognosztizálható villamos energia fogyasztást mutatja be, továbbá ezen fejlesztések és lehetséges beruházásokat írja le. A folyamatosan növekvő villamosenergia igény egy részét képesek vagyunk az újonnan létesülő megújuló energiaforrásokkal üzemelő erőművekkel ellátni, azonban továbbra is jelentős az import energia függőségünk. Nem csak a villamosenergia iránti igény növekszik évről évre, hanem a napi csúcsterhelések is évről évre egyre nagyobbak. Éves szinten a hazai villamosenergia-igény több mint harmadát importból fedezzük. Ennek több oka is ismeretes. Egyrészt a hazai erőműpark elöregedett, így hatékonyságuk jelentősen eltér az elvártaktól, így üzemeltetésük sok esetben nagyobb költséggel jár, mint amennyiért a megtermelt villamos energiát el tudják adni; másrészt a külföldi termelők a kiemelkedő hatékonyságú erőműveik miatt, Az üvegházhatás és globális felmelegedés megakadályozáshoz a megújuló energiaforrások kapacitásának további bővítése szükséges. Valamint alap- és menetrendtartó erőművek építésére is szükség van. További kérdés még, hogy a jövőre tekintve, hogyan változhat meg a villamosenergia-termelés, hogyan lehet környezetbarátabb, illetve az egyre nagyobb fogyasztói igényeket miként lehet kielégíteni.
MOTERŲ ŽINIOS APIE RIBOJAMUS KOSMETIKOS GAMINIŲ INGREDIENTUS NĖŠTUMO METU
Authors: Diana Barragan Ferrer , Jesus Manuel Barragan Ferrer , Mickienė Žaneta , Bielinytė Monika
Published: December 2021

Moterys ne visada žino apie galimą žalingą kosmetikos gaminių ingredientų poveikį nėštumo metu. Kenksmingų komponentų poveikis gali pasireikšti naudojant didelį kosmetikos gaminių kiekį, nes viename produkte esančios ribojamos medžiagos, naudojamos leistinos koncentracijos, yra saugios vartotojui ir neturi įtakos nei motinai, nei vaisiui. Moterys nėštumo metu gali naudoti net keliasdešimt kosmetikos produktų, kurių kenksmingų medžiagų koncentracija sumuodamasi gali viršyti saugias ribas. Pastaraisiais metais dažniau kalbama apie kosmetikos ingredientų naudingumą ir veiksmingumą. Skatinama naudoti kuo daugiau įvairių kosmetikos produktų, tačiau nutylima apie jų komponentų galimą žalingą poveikį nėščiajai ir vaisiui. Tyrimo tikslas − atskleisti moterų žinias apie ribojamus kosmetikos gaminių ingredientus nėštumo metu. Tyrimui atlikti buvo naudojama anketinė apklausa. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad dauguma moterų nepakankamai žino apie kenksmingus kosmetikos gaminių ingredientus, tokius kaip konservantai, kvapiosios medžiagos, retinolis, UV filtrai, triklozanas, tirpikliai ir gyvulinės kilmės hormonai, kurie nėštumo metu gali turėti įtakos moteriai ir vaisiui. Dauguma respondenčių žinojo, kad kosmetikos gaminiuose gali būti ir sunkiųjų metalų, bet nežinojo, kokį neigiamą poveikį jie gali sukelti nėštumo metu.
DEZINFEKCIJOS POVEIKIS DANTŲ ATSPAUDŲ IR PAGAMINTŲ DANTŲ PROTEZŲ MIKROBINEI TARŠAI
Authors: Pliuščikaitė Emilė , Vaičiulevičienė Albina , Vasilavičiūtė Inga , Mačiulienė Daiva
Published: December 2021

Bakterijos ir mikroorganizmai ne tik egzistuoja žmonių aplinkoje ir buityje. Kai kurie patogenai gyvena žmogaus organizme. Žmogus neišvengia kasdienio sąlyčio su mikroorganizmais, kurie iš aplinkos patenka ant rūbų, rankų, odos, plaukų, ne išimtis ir burnos ertmė. Tyrimo tikslas − įvertinti dezinfekcijos poveikį dantų atspaudų ir dantų technikų pagamintų dantų protezų mikrobinei taršai. Burnos ertmės užterštumo būklę lemia ne tik aplinkos veiksniai, bet asmeninė ir burnos higiena, paveldimumas, bendroji sveikatos būklė. Dėl prastos burnos ertmės higienos, bakterijų ir mikroorganizmų kiekis nekontroliuojamai auga. Planuojant protezavimą, neįmanoma apsieiti be alginatinių ar silikoninių atspaudų. Visa tai, kas buvo paciento burnoje, gali užteršti atspaudą, kuris yra pagrindinis dantų techniko įrankis. Ši mikroorganizmų plitimo grandinė tarp paciento, odontologo ir dantų techniko vadinama kryžminio užteršimo pavojumi [7].
SKIRTINGOSE LIETUVOS VIETOVĖSE SURINKTŲ ŽIEDADULKIŲ EKSTRAKTO ANTIMIKROBINIS VEIKIMAS
Authors: Maželienė Žaneta , Lingytė Gintarė , Dailidaitė Evelina , Viliušienė Ingrida
Published: December 2021

Įvadas. Pasaulio sveikatos organizacijos (PSO) duomenimis, bakterijų atsparumas antibiotikams kelia didelę grėsmę visame pasaulyje ir sunkina infekcinių ligų gydymą [1]. Manoma, kad apie 70 proc. bakterijų, kurios sukelia infekcinius susirgimus ligoninėse, yra atsparios bent vienam iš gydymui naudojamų antibiotikų. Ši situacija skatina ieškoti kitų sprendimų, vienas iš jų – bičių produktus naudoti kaip natūralius antibiotikus dėl jų antimikrobinio veikimo.

Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti skirtingose Lietuvos vietovėse surinktų žiedadulkių ekstraktų antimikrobinį veikimą. Tyrimo metodika. Atliktas įvairiuose Lietuvos ūkiuose surinktų žiedadulkių skirtingos koncentracijos ekstraktų mikrobiologinis tyrimas. Nustatytas 50 žiedadulkių ekstraktų mėginių antimikrobinis poveikis dešimties etaloninių bakterijų kultūrų ir grybelio Candida albicans atžvilgiu. Tyrimo duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant aprašomąją statistiką, skaičiuojant dažnius bei grupių palyginimą pagal Kruskal Wallis, tyrimo duomenys apdoroti Microsoft Excel 2019 programa.

Tyrimo rezultatai. Nustatyta, kad stipriausią antimikrobinį poveikį turėjo D žiedadulkių, surinktų Kaišiadorių rajone, ekstraktas. D ekstrakto antimikrobinis poveikis Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes atžvilgiu nustatytas esant 0,025 ml ekstrakto 1 agaro ml. Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris ir grybelį Candida albicans, išskyrus Escherichia coli, ekstraktas veikė esant jo 0,0375 – 0,05 ml agaro 1 ml. Žiedadulkių ekstraktas gramteigiamąsias bakterijas veikia stipriau, lyginant su gramneigiamosiomis. Šis skirtumas siejamas su gramteigiamų ir gramneigiamų bakterijų ląstelės sienelės struktūros skirtumais.

Išvados. Stipriausią antimikrobinį veikimą turi žiedadulkės, surinktos Kaišiadorių rajone. Nustatyta, kad žiedadulkių ekstraktai stipriau veikia gramteigiamąsias bakterijas, lyginant su gramneigiamosiomis.
OVERPARENTING IN EDUCATION REALITY: TEACHER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Navickienė Lijana , Kupčikienė Ilona , Stasiūnaitienė Eglė , Tokgöz Mehmet , Koçak Emrah
Published: December 2021

Most parents would agree that parenting is extremely complex and challenging. It is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social and intellectual development of a child from infancy throughout a person’s life. Children are not born successful or unsuccessful. It is up to the parents and their behaviours to become what they become later. Normative or healthy parenting is a precondition for a child’s success, self-confidence, and autonomy. Meanwhile, non-normative, unhealthy parenting or overparenting may have a harmful impact on a child’s social skills and overall life.

The research was aimed to gather teachers’ experiences about the existing parenting behaviours and to reveal the dominant parenting patterns that may be observed in nowadays child-raising practices. For this aim the research instrument was constructed designing of which was based on a specific focus on different areas of unhealthy, non-normative parenting. An international study was conducted that led to identification of the key aspects of the experience of teachers working with the overprotective parents and their children. 262 teachers from Portugal, Slovenia, Turkey, Romania and Lithuania participated in the survey.

The study findings served to reveal the dominant behaviours of overparenting observed by the teachers The findings also allowed to define the difficulties that teachers face in dealing with overparenting parents and overparented children.

The study was conducted in the framework of the international project “Overparenting – allow your children to make mistakes”, project No. 2020-1-PT01- KA204-078497.
PLASMA COAGULATING AND NON-COAGULATING STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPP. IN SKIN SAMPLES FROM DOGS AND THEIR RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS
Authors: Maželienė Žaneta , Aleksandravičienė Asta , Petrauskaitė Aušrinė , Viliušienė Ingrida , Šakienė Daiva
Published: December 2021

Staphylococci are human and animal mucosal surface and skin commensals that can cause a variety of infections, such as purulent skin infections, otitis externa, pyoderma, urinary tract infections, and postoperative infections. Dog skin is one of the protective barriers for animals. However, dogs can have and transmit a variety of microorganisms on their skin, including staphylococci. Most studies have compared plasma coagulating and non-coagulating Staphylococcus spp. by dog breeds, sex, and coat length. The aim – to identify plasma coagulating and non-coagulating Staphylococcus spp. in skin samples from dogs and its resistance to antibiotics by place of residence. Staphylococci were detected in more than half of the samples tested, one third of which were plasma coagulating and the remaining two thirds were non-coagulating plasma. Plasma non-coagulating staphylococci were mainly increased among dogs living at home and plasma coagulating – among dogs living outdoors, the difference between these groups is statistically significant. Staphylococcus aureus was predominantly resistant to penicillin and clindamycin, while plasma non-coagulants were resistant to fusidic acid.
NAUJAGIMIUS NUŽUDŽIUSIŲ MOTERŲ EKSPERTINIŲ TYRIMŲ, ATLIKTŲ VALSTYBINĖJE TEISMO PSICHIATRIJOS TARNYBOJE, 2015-2020 M. DUOMENŲ ANALIZĖ IR PALYGINIMAS SU 1994-2014 M. ANALIZĖS DUOMENIMIS
Authors: Martinkienė Vaiva
Published: December 2021

Neonaticidas – naujagimio nužudymas per 24 valandas nuo gimimo, dažniausiai įvykdomas motinos. VTPT prie SAM 1994-2020 m. laikotarpiu ekspertizėse tirtos 74 motinos, nužudžiusios savo naujagimius: 59 motinos 1994-2014 m. laikotarpiu ir 15 motinų 2015-2020 m. laikotarpiu. Pirmojo laikotarpio moterų amžiaus vidurkis buvo 27,9 m., antrojo laikotarpio duomenimis išliko panašus – 27,5 metų. Nuo 1994 m. iki 2003 m. dėl įvykdyto neonaticido buvo atlikti trijų nepilnamečių motinų ekspertiniai tyrimai, vėliau nepilnamečių nebuvo tirta. 1994-2014 m. dominavo 25-30 m. amžiaus moterų grupė, 2015-2020 m. dominavo vyresnių – 30-35 m. amžiaus moterų grupė. Pirmuoju laikotarpiu dauguma tirtų moterų buvo netekėjusios, vienišos – 71,2 proc., antruoju laikotarpiu didesnė dalis moterų gyveno su sutuoktiniu ar sugyventiniu – 53 procentai. Vertinant kūdikius nužudžiusių moterų traumines patirtis, buvo nustatyta, kad apie pusė jų turėjo trauminių patirčių vaikystėje, tačiau dauguma (apie 80 proc.) tiek pirmojo, tiek antrojo laikotarpio motinų iki neonaticido nebuvo stebėtos ar gydytos psichiatrų. Pirmuoju laikotarpiu 18,6 proc. kūdikius nužudžiusių moterų ekspertizės metu nenustatyta jokio psichikos sutrikimo, kitai daliai moterų nustatyti įvairūs psichikos sutrikimai: asmenybės sutrikimas (35,6 proc.), priklausomybė alkoholiui (18,6 proc.), intelekto defektas (11,9 proc.), depresinis sutrikimas (10,2 proc.) ir šizofreninio spektro sutrikimas (5,1 proc.). Antruoju laikotarpiu asmenybės sutrikimas buvo nustatytas 33,3 proc., priklausomybė alkoholiui −20 proc., intelekto sutrikimas − 20 proc., psichikos sutrikimo nenustatyta 26,7 proc. kūdikius nužudžiusių moterų. Visos kūdikius nužudžiusios moterys neturėjo kriminalinės praeities. Didesnė dalis abiem laikotarpiais tirtų neonaticidą įvykdžiusių motinų iki kūdikio nužudymo jau turėjo vaikų: atitinkamai 61 proc. ir 67 proc. Abiem laikotarpiais kūdikio nužudyme dominavo nenorimo vaiko motyvas: atitinkamai 44 proc. ir 80 proc. atvejų. Tik pirmuoju laikotarpiu (1994-2014m.) buvo nustatytas psichotinis – 5,1 proc. ir altruistinis – 10,2 proc. naujagimio nužudymo motyvas. Abiem laikotarpiais neonaticidą įvykdžiusios moterys naudojo aktyvius nužudymo metodus (smaugė, skandino, dusino): atitinkamai 90 proc. ir 80 proc. atvejų. Tirta vienintelė moteris, savo šeimoje turėjusi 4 biologinius ir 2 suvestinius vaikus, įvykdžiusi pakartotinį kūdikio nužudymą (2015 m. ir 2017 m.). Tik maža dalis abiem laikotarpiais tirtų kūdikius nužudžiusių motinų buvo pripažintos nepakaltinamomis: atitinkamai 18,4 proc. ir 20 proc. atvejų.
RESPUBLIKINĖS VILNIAUS PSICHIATRIJOS LIGONINĖS PACIENTŲ SAVIŽUDYBĖS KRIZĖ COVID-19 PANDEMIJOS AKIVAIZDOJE
Authors: Salialionė Ieva , Vaskelienė Ieva
Published: December 2021

Tyrimu siekta išsiaiškinti, kokio amžiaus, lyties ir kokius psichikos sutrikimus turintys VšĮ Respublikinės Vilniaus psichiatrijos ligoninės (RVPL) pacientai dažniau išgyvena savižudybės krizes, ar pandemija padažnino savižudybės krizes ir kokios grupės buvo labiausiai paveiktos. Tyrimo imtis – visi RVPL pacientai, kuriems nuo 2019 m. I ketvirčio iki 2021 m. II ketvirčio buvo atliktas savižudybės krizę išgyvenančių asmenų psichosocialinis vertinimas (N = 1323; amžius: nuo 10 iki 91 m., vid. 37,61 m.; 51,8 % vyrų ir 48,2 % moterų). Nustatyta, kad moterų imtyje savižudybės krizė dažniausiai pasitaiko 10–19 m. amžiaus, vėliau dažnis pastoviai mažėja; vyrų imtyje savižudybių krizių dažnis didėja nuo 10–19 m., pasiekia piką 30–39 m. amžiaus, o vėliau mažėja. Rečiausiai savižudybės krizes išgyvena 80> m. vyrai. Moterų imtyje savižudybės krizė dažniausia tarp pacienčių, kurių pagrindinė diagnozė yra šizofrenijos spektro sutrikimas; vyrų imtyje – asmenybės sutrikimas. Daugiau nei pusei savižudybės krizę išgyvenančių pacientų diagnozuotas sutrikimas dėl psichoaktyviųjų medžiagų (PAM) vartojimo. Dažniausia sutrikimų kombinacija – sutrikimas dėl PAM vartojimo kartu su asmenybės sutrikimu, ypač 20–49 m. amžiaus vyrų grupėje. Potrauminio streso sutrikimo diagnozė nustatoma ypač retai (0,5% atvejų). Tiriamuoju laikotarpiu (nuo 2019 m. I ketvirčio iki 2021 m. II ketvirčio) bendrasis savižudybių krizių dažnis nepakito, tačiau nustatyti pokyčiai atskirose grupėse: daugėja savižudybių krizių 30–39 m. ir 80> m. vyrų grupėse, tarp vyrų, kuriems nustatyti sutrikimai dėl PAM vartojimo ir organiniai psichikos sutrikimai; ir 70–79 m. moterų grupėje.
THE ROLE OF INFORMAL CAREGIVERS FROM THE COMMUNITY NURSE’S PERSPECTIVE: QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Blaževičienė Aurelija , Vaškelytė Alina , Kunčienė Aušra
Published: December 2021

Patients with chronic health care conditions who require long-tern care are nursed at home, therefore, there is a shift in responsibility for their care from paid formal caregivers to unpaid family members. Aim of this study was to assess the role of informal caregiver’s in-home care from the community nurse’s perspective. Thirty-one nurses, providing home care services to patients with special needs requiring constant care, participated in five semi-structured focus-group discussions. The data analysis was based on descriptive phenomenology.

Three distinct phases in the development of informal caregiver–nurse relationship was uncovered: (1) the first phase is associated with the organization of home care in the family context, (2) the management of possibilities and challenges faced by informal caregivers in-home care phase; (3) the impact of home care on informal caregivers‘ quality of life and health phase.

This study result shows that in organizing home care for the elderly are lack of cross-sectoral cooperation and teamwork between informal caregivers and community nurses. Therefore, informal caregivers must accept a new role in life as a provider of care, advocating, and supporter roles. Furthermore, as a result of daily fatigue, the informal caregivers‘ quality of life is deteriorating and their social exclusion is increasing.
TĖVŲ ŽINIOS APIE SEKRETO IŠSIURBIMĄ IŠ TRACHEOSTOMOS VAMZDELIO, SLAUGANT VAIKĄ NAMUOSE
Authors: Juozapavičienė Rasa , Kostyliovienė Silva , Inputaitė Odeta , Grinkevičiūtė Dovilė
Published: December 2021

Vaikų, sergančių lėtinėmis ligomis ir (arba) negalių ar turinčių specialiųjų sveikatos poreikių, gydymas, slauga ir priežiūra reikalauja daug sveikatos priežiūros sistemos išteklių, todėl daugėja vaikų, gyvenančių ir slaugomų namuose. Siekiant užtikrinti namuose slaugomų vaikų gyvybines funkcijas, pagerinti jų gyvenimo kokybę ir išvengti komplikacijų, gali būti suformuojama tracheostoma, taikoma deguonies terapija, netgi dirbtinė plaučių ventiliacija (DPV). Ligoninė, vaikų intensyviosios terapijos ar vaikų skyrius nėra skirti šeimoms ir neorientuoti į vaiko raidą, mokymąsi ar šeimos socialinį gyvenimą, todėl vaikai, kuriems suformuota tracheostoma, gali būti slaugomi ir prižiūrimi namuose. Vaiko, kuriam suformuota tracheostoma, išvykimas iš ligoninės į namus reikalauja specialių technologijų, finansinių išteklių, šeimos ir bendruomenės slaugytojų mokymų bei pirminės sveikatos priežiūros ir kitų specialybių sveikatos priežiūros specialistų gebėjimo rūpintis vaiku. Tėvai turi prisiimti atsakomybę už kompleksinių vaiko priežiūros poreikių patenkinimą. Vaikų, kuriems suformuota tracheostoma, slauga namuose yra labai sudėtingas procesas, kadangi netinkama priežiūra ar slaugymo klaidos gali kelti pavojų vaiko sveikatai ir gyvybei. T. Karaca (2016) teigia, kad tracheostomos priežiūra apima ne tik gleivių išsiurbimo procedūrą, vamzdelių valymą ir keitimą, tvarsčių keitimą, tačiau ir infekcijos bei kitų komplikacijų prevenciją bei gydymą, oro drėkinimą, vaiko mitybą ir kitus slaugos aspektus. Nuo technologijų priklausomi vaikai gali būti saugiai prižiūrimi namuose, tačiau šeimos nariai turi būti išmokyti vaiko priežiūros, turėti reikiamų priemonių bei įrangą ir gauti socialinę paramą. Tyrimais įrodyta, jeigu tėvai yra tinkamai apmokyti, vaiko slauga namuose gali būti kokybiška, išvengiant neigiamų padarinių vaiko sveikatai ir gyvybei.

Tyrimo tikslas − atskleisti tėvų žinias apie sekreto išsiurbimą iš tracheostomos vamzdelio, slaugant vaiką namuose.
Tyrimas buvo vykdomas 2019 m. lapkričio mėn. socialiniame tinkle „Facebook“ esančioje grupėje „Vilties spindulėlis“. Tyrime dalyvauti buvo pakviesti tėvai, auginantys ir slaugantys namuose vaiką, kuriam suformuota tracheostoma. Buvo naudojama kiekybinė tyrimo strategija ir vykdoma anketinė apklausa. Tyrime dalyvavo 24 respondentai.

Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad pusė tėvų savo žinias apie tracheostominio vamzdelio priežiūrą vertina puikiai, daugiau nei trečdalis − gerai ir tik maža dalis – vidutiniškai. Tėvams trūksta žinių apie taisyklingą sekreto išsiurbimą iš tracheostominio vamzdelio, apie sekreto siurbimo slėgio parinkimą pagal vaiko amžių, apie sekreto išsiurbimo laiką ir dažnį. Nemaža dalis respondentų žino, kad esant tirštam sekretui, galima naudoti NaCl 0,9% tirpalą.
RANKOS TRAUMĄ PATYRUSIŲ ASMENŲ VEIKLOS PROBLEMŲ IR EMOCINĖS BŪKLĖS STEBĖJIMAS NAMUOSE PO REABILITACIJOS
Authors: Gintilienė Milda , Pranskaitytė-Bielevičienė Aistė , Dūdaitė Beatričė
Published: December 2021

Rankų traumos visais laikais buvo ir yra labai aktualios. Rankomis atliekami kasdieniai veiksmai, o traumų metu gali būti sužalojamos funkcijai svarbios struktūros, apribojami rankos judesiai, neigiamai veikiantys kasdienę veiklą, sutrikdomi įvairūs žmogaus gyvenimo aspektai [4]. Dažnai patyrę traumą asmenys užsidaro namuose, o toks socialinis pasyvumas labai paveikia asmens gyvenimą, jo galimybes ir padėtį visuomenėje bei socialinius santykius [3]. Tyrimo metu buvo siekiama atskleisti rankos traumą patyrusių asmenų veiklos problemas bei emocinę būklę namuose po reabilitacijos. Buvo aiškinamasi, kokių problemų kyla rankos traumą patyrusiam asmeniui kasdienėje veikloje, kaip pasikeitė jo darbinė veikla, koks traumos poveikis laisvalaikio veiklai ir kokie emocinės būklės pokyčiai, patyrus traumą. Duomenų rinkimui buvo taikytas stebėjimas pagal darbo autorių sudarytą stebėjimo protokolą ir pusiau struktūruotas interviu su iš anksto parengtais pagrindiniais atviro tipo klausimais. Tyrime dalyvavo informantė, automobilių eismo įvykio metu patyrusi abiejų rankų kaulų dauginius lūžius. Atlikta gautų duomenų turinio analizė, parodžiusi, kad rankos traumą patyrusiems asmenims sunku prisitaikyti prie veiklos problemų, nes jos kelia diskomfortą, trikdo kasdienę veiklą. Daugiausiai problemų kelia apsirengimo, valgymo, savipriežiūros veikla. Rankos trauma sutrikdė informantės darbinę veiklą, nes dėl patirtų sužalojimų ji negalėjo tęsti mokslų ir įgyti norimos profesijos ar užsiimti mėgstama laisvalaikio veikla. Emocinė būklė keitėsi nuolat, bet tyrimo metu informantė buvo susitaikiusi su situacija ir stengėsi būti kuo labiau nepriklausoma nuo kitų.
ERGOTERAPIJOS STUDENTŲ KARJEROS GALIMYBIŲ VERTINIMAS COVID-19 PANDEMIJOS SĄLYGOMIS
Authors: Girčytė Morta , Gintilienė Milda , Pranskaitytė-Bielevičienė Aistė
Published: December 2021

Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti ergoterapijos studentų karjeros galimybes COVID-19 pandemijos sąlygomis. Tyrime dalyvavo 78 ergoterapijos studijų programos studentai, kurių amžiaus vidurkis 21,12±3,29 metai. Beveik du trečdaliai (62,8 proc.) tyrimo dalyvių, baigę ergoterapijos studijas, ketina dirbti ergoterapeutais. Didžioji dalis (60,3 proc.) studentų ergoterapeutais tikisi įsidarbinti Lietuvoje. Didesnis atlyginimas yra emigraciją skatinantis veiksnys. Daugiau kaip pusė respondentų nurodo, kad pandemijos laikotarpiu yra labiau patenkinti, nei nepatenkinti ergoterapijos studijomis ir nusiteikę tęsti reabilitacijos mokslų studijas. Studentai, vertindami studijų procesą, labiausiai patenkinti dėstomų nuotolinių paskaitų ir praktinių darbų turiniu ir iš dėstytojų sulaukiamu grįžtamuoju ryšiu. Didžioji dauguma sutinka, kad aukštosios mokyklos organizuoja projektus ir konferencijas studentų žinių gilinimui, suteikia studentams patogias prieigas prie mokslinės literatūros duomenų bazių ir aukštosios mokyklos bibliotekos. Pasiūlymus pateikę studentai labiausiai pabrėžia kontaktinių užsiėmimų, dėstytojų aktyvumo, studentų akademinio sąžiningumo užtikrinimo priemonių poreikį ir studijų kainos koregavimo klausimą.