bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Multi-Munition Joint Damage Effects on Command Vehicle of Missile Position
Authors: He Zheng , Wang Zaicheng , Wei Yubiao , Kang Hui
Published: December 2024

For the command vehicle of the missile position, the damage effects of a single small munition are limited, necessitating coordinated multi-munition strikes to achieve effective damage. To evaluate the damage effectiveness of the command vehicle under the attack of multiple small munitions, this paper proposes a multi-munition joint damage assessment model based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), target damage tree, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. This model comprehensively considers the cumulative damage effects and coupled damage effects of fragments and shock waves, achieving an accurate assessment of the damage level of the command vehicle under multi-munition strikes. Simulation analysis of the damage effects on the command vehicle under different numbers of munitions, strike azimuths, and munition intervals shows that for the small fragmentation munitions used in this study, the damage probability of the command vehicle increases with the number of munitions, exhibiting marginal effects, and the sensitivity to strike azimuth decreases; for different munition quantities and various munition distribution intervals, uniform distribution yields the optimal damage effect.
Numerical Simulation Model of Projectile In-bore Motion Parameters Based on Interior Ballistics Theory
Authors: Li Chaowei , Qin Peiyu , Lu Kewei , Zhang Ningchao , Ma Tianli
Published: December 2024

In modern warfare, artillery systems serve as crucial equipment, and their firing accuracy directly impacts their overall capability to strike targets. Especially under local warfare conditions, the demand for shooting accuracy of large-caliber artillery and small-caliber naval guns is increasingly high. This paper focuses on the interior ballistics design of artillery by constructing an accurate model of the projectile’s in-bore motion.
Laser Ultrasonic Inspection of Carbon Fiber-Titanium Alloy Composite Gun Barrel
Authors: Tang Zhenhe , Duan Jian , Sun Yan , Sun Liangwen , Bao Zhaofu , Zhu Xiaolin , Chen Long , Liu Xiaoyu , Liu Zenghua
Published: December 2024

Thanks to the development and application of composite material reinforced metal based components, the high strength and lightweight requirements of weapons and equipment have been further met. Non-destructive testing for detecting interface delaminations between dissimilar materials, as well as identifying internal defects within each material layer, is an important means to ensure equipment quality and reliability. This paper proposes a laser ultrasonic guided wave field detection and imaging method for identifying defects in carbon fiber-titanium alloy composite gun barrels. The method involves using a pulsed laser to excite ultrasonic guided waves, scanning the gun barrel, receiving wave field signals through a piezoelectric wafer, and imaging defects in the gun barrel based on frequency domain instantaneous wavenumbers. The results indicate that the proposed method can effectively detect and locate delamination and internal defects in carbon fiber-titanium alloy composite materials.
Synthesis modification of PBDMS and its rheological research
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Zhu Ziqiang , Ouyang He , Zhang Yanan , Hu Yubing
Published: December 2024

Polyborosiloxane (PBDMS) is a non-Newtonian fluid that is a type of shear thickening gel (STG). This thesis focuses on the effects of the molar ratio of hydroxyl-capped polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-OH) and boric acid (BA), inorganic filler silica on the rheological properties of PBDMS. Firstly, the infrared spectra of PBDMS were collected using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), which indicated that PBDMS had strong infrared absorption peaks at 690 cm-1, 866 cm-1, which was a sign of Si-O-B bond synthesis, thus proving the synthesis of PBDMS. The shear thickening ability of PBDMS was then tested by dynamic shear testing. The shear thickening effect of PBDMS was quantified by absolute shear thickening effect (ASTE) and relative shear effect (RSTE). The results showed that the synthesised PBDMS displayed a significant solid-liquid transition point, and the energy storage modulus (G’) could be increased by three orders of magnitude with good solid-liquid properties. Moreover, By blending with silica during the synthesis of PBDMS, the G’ of PBDMS at high frequencies can be increased, which is due to the fact that not only the generation of coordination bonds but also the clustering of silica occurs at high frequencies. And when the ratio of PDMS-OH to BA was 1/1, PBDMS had the best processing and rheological properties, showing good solid-liquid characteristics and strain rate sensitivity.
Research on laser detection method against smoke and dust interference based on polarization modulation
Authors: Tan Yuran , Zha Bingting , Weng Junyang , Chen Mingxi
Published: December 2024

Pulsed laser detection is widely utilized in various fields due to its high accuracy and excellent directionality. However, the presence of smoke and dust particles can interfere with laser detection, leading to misidentification or missed targets. Existing studies have indicated that smoke and dust particles can depolarize polarized light, providing a potential means for mitigating smoke interference. Despite this, current research lacks systematic analysis of the transmission characteristics of different polarization states in smoky environments, and methods for smoke interference resistance based on polarization characteristics have not been fully explored. With the Monte Carlo method and Stokes vector analysis this study establishes a multiple scattering simulation model for pulsed polarized lasers in smoke and dust, By examining the echo characteristics of various polarized lasers, significant differences are identified in the degrees of polarization of laser echoes under horizontally polarized light and 45° linearly polarized light, both with and without a target. As a result, a detection method to counteract smoke and dust interference is proposed, utilizing polarized lasers and differentiating based on variations in echo Stokes vectors and degrees of polarization.
Research on Numerical Simulation of the instantaneity of a Mechanical Impact Fuze
Authors: Yang Shanglin , Wang Yabin , Luan Donglin , Guo Pengda
Published: December 2024

The instantaneity of a fuze refers to the time interval between the projectile’s impact on the target and the completion of detonation. This parameter is a critical indicator for evaluating the performance of ammunition. To investigate the factors influencing instantaneity, a numerical simulation was conducted on the process of a projectile striking a target under different conditions, including impact angle, fuze material, and target material. The simulation results, under 12 different conditions, produced acceleration curves and instantaneity for the firing device. Through the analysis of the results, the study establishes key design principles for the firing device of the fuze: the protection design of the ignition device and the selection of the ignition strategy should consider the maximum and minimum impact angles and target hardness. Choosing an ignition device with a low structural strength or a fuze body material with lower hardness and strength can enhance the fuze’s instantaneity The target hardness and impact angle greatly affect the fuze’s instantaneity of the fuze, and appropriate structural strength should be selected in the design.
In Situ Raman Observation of Zinc-Induced Electrochemical Activation of a Layered Manganese Acetate Tetrahydrate Nanosheets
Authors: Yang Bo , Cheng Biyao , Zhao Zhenyu , Yang Wei , Wang Xiaozhuo
Published: December 2024

Rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are considered as a potential candidate for large-scale energy storage. Herein, a novel layered manganese acetate tetrahydrate (MnAT) nanosheets is reported as cathode for ZIBs. The unique layered structure is conducive to the insertion/extraction of Zn2+ in MnAT. Moreover, crystal water molecules as structural pillars can further enlarge the layer spacing, which will improve the Zn2+ intercalation kinetics of MnAT. Compared with pristine manganese acetate (MnA), MnAT exhibits a relatively high reversible capacity of 139.2 mAh g−1 and good rate/cycling performance. The energy storage mechanism of MnAT cathode was also investigated by in-situ Raman spectra. During the initial charging, partial MnAT undergoes conversion reaction to form intermediate MnO which further oxidized into MnO2. Simultaneously, Mn dissolution enabled MnAT to be activated material, resulting in the formation of Mn defects in MnAT. This work will provide new insights into the Mn-based materials as ZIBs cathode.
Research on Miniature Three-Axis Switch Used in Fuze
Authors: Liang Hanwen , Jia Senqing , Guo Hua , Wang Lifang , Song Rongchang , Zhou Xingzong
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a miniature three-axis switch based on precision mechanical processing technology. A dynamic analysis of the three-axis switch is conducted, and the standard S-type micro-spring is optimized for design requirements. A contact enhancement design with flexible contacts on the mass block is proposed, and the structural design of a layered three-axis sensitive three-axis switch is completed. Finite element simulation methods are used to analyze the stiffness modal properties, multi-directional closure thresholds, and contact performance of the three-axis switch.
Heat Generation Measurement of MOSFET in High-Frequency Transformer Circuits
Authors: Cheng Jiale , Zhang Yinghao , Cheng Xiangqun , Liu Yang
Published: December 2024

With the miniaturization of semiconductor devices, heat generation management for Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) is of vital importance. High-frequency switching of MOSFETs is a key component in the operation of transformer circuits. Thus, gaining a deeper understanding of MOSFET heat generation under these high-frequency operating conditions is essential. In this study, we present a transformer circuit based on Pulsed Width Modulation (PWM) regulation and provide a reliable method to measure the temperature variation of MOSFET. We found that higher working frequency usually leads to a higher heat accumulation and thus a higher temperature change.
YOLOv8-MDS: A YOLOv8-Based Multi-Distance Scale Drone Detection Network
Authors: Chen Mingxi , Zheng Zhen , Sun Haoran , Ma Dong
Published: December 2024

Drones have become widely used across various fields, showcasing their capabilities while also raising significant security and privacy concerns. Current detection methods, such as radar, radio frequency, and acoustic detection systems, face issues like high costs and poor interference resistance. The rapid development of computer vision has led to the emergence of visual-based drone detection solutions. To address the challenge of varying drone sizes at different distances impacting visual detection, this paper constructs a multi-distance scale drone dataset with images captured at different distances and environments. Additionally, a Multi-Distance Scale Feature Attention Module (MDS-Module) is proposed and integrated into the neck of the model via leap connections to enhance global feature detection. Furthermore, to account for the typically rectangular nature of drone anchor boxes, the EIoU loss function is used in the detection head to improve the model’s detection capability for drone targets. we conducted comprehensive ablation and comparative experiments on the improved model. The experimental results demonstrate that incorporating the Multi-Distance Scale Feature Attention Module significantly enhances the model’s ability to detect drone targets across multiple distance scales.
Intelligent target recognition method for infrared/laser composite fuze
Authors: Yan Jiangyi , Duan Rongxin , Wang Zhi , Zheng Gaoxiang , Zhou Peicheng , Yang Panxiong , Wang Keyan
Published: December 2024

In the context of complex environment, the intelligent target recognition method for infrared/laser composite imaging fuze encounters the following challenges: 1) The dearth of infrared/laser composite imaging fuze data hampers the advancement and implementation of deep learning technology in fuze target recognition; 2) The extant infrared/laser composite imaging fuze target recognition methods exhibit suboptimal recognition accuracy in complex terrain and ground conditions, which predisposes them to early or false explotions. To address the aforementioned issues, we have constructed infrared/laser composite imaging target and background dataset in diverse scenes, terrains and features, which provides effective data support for the intelligent recognition of composite imaging fuze. Additionally, we have designed a cross-modal fusion attention mechanism and an invariant feature learning method. The method facilitates the fusion of multimodal complementary information and the intelligent recognition of multi-scale and multi-morphology targets in complex scenes. Furthermore, they enhance the accuracy of the composite imaging fuze, enabling it to adapt to complex terrains. This enhances the combat effectiveness of composite imaging fuze in complex environments, while also offering technical support for the intelligentization of target recognition systems in future ballistic fuze.
Research on Identification of Fire Signal of a Certain Type of Rocket
Authors: Guo Pengda , Wang Yabin , Luan Donglin , Yang Shanglin
Published: December 2024

To assess the contradiction between ballistic safety and ignition reliability in traditional rocket projectile inertial initiation mechanisms, this study focuses on the recognition of graze bursting ignition signals for a specific type of rocket projectile. By utilizing a finite element numerical simulation method to model the small-angle impact of the rocket projectile on a target, the overload information can be extracted from the ignition mechanism. The accuracy of the simulation model can be validated by comparing it with data obtained from live ammunition tests. Through a series of simulations, the ignition threshold can be determined by the maximum velocity change vector within different time windows of the ignition mechanism. And the integration algorithm is used to accumulate the overload value of the ignition mechanism in the time window to judge whether the velocity change threshold is reached, and then judge whether to output the ignition signal. The algorithm verification shows that the algorithm can effectively identify the ignition signal under the set ignition threshold. This method provides a basis for recognizing the graze bursting ignition signal.
Study on the cutting performance of linear jet on abandoned ammunition under different initiation modes
Authors: Guan Siman , Wang Zhijun , Ji Qing , Hao Ruijie
Published: December 2024

The traditional shaped charge is often used to detonate the projectile charge when dealing with abandoned ammunitions. This disposal method cannot meet the requirements of resource conservation and environmental protection. Based on the “penetration without detonation” damage characteristics of low-density jet to shelled charge, a linear shaped charge simulation model was established by using PTFE and its composite materials as liner materials. The process of cutting 122 mm abandoned ammunition by jet formed under different initiation modes was simulated. The results show that the pressure and propagation velocity of one-dimensional plane detonation wave formed by surface initiation charge are greater than those of divergent detonation wave formed by point initiation charge. The PTFE jet formed by the two initiation methods can not completely cut the abandoned ammunition. The PTFE/Cu jet formed by the surface initiation could completely cut the abandoned ammunition and don’t detonate the internal charge. Subsequently, the explosive is poured out and reused by high-temperature melting to achieve the purpose of saving resources. This study will provide a green approach for the disposal of abandoned ammunition.
Study on the temporal-spatial evolution process of axial preformed fragment power field
Authors: Hao Ruijie , Yi Jianya , Guan Siman
Published: December 2024

The temporal-spatial evolution process of fragment power field is the basis for calculating the state of fragment-target encounter and damage assessment. In order to accurately describe the temporal-spatial evolution process of the fragment power field of the axial preformed fragment warhead, the numerical simulation method is used to analyse the fragment dispersion characteristics of different warheads, and the fragment velocity attenuation model is established by programming. The numerical simulation results are used as the initial value to substitute into the model to obtain the temporal-spatial evolution process and the hitting target process of the fragment power field. The results show that the multi-layer fragments will collide many times under the action of detonation load, and the collision will lead to the decrease of the average velocity of the same fragment layer and the increase of the scattering angle. After increasing the number of fragments, the outer fragments are more concentrated, but the average velocity is significantly reduced, and the fragment miss rate increases. This study can provide a calculation basis for the state of fragment-target encounter and the static and dynamic explosion test of fragment warhead.
A prediction approach for partial properties of filament wound composite tube considering fiber winding prestressing
Authors: Yin Dongmei
Published: December 2024

The initial residual prestress in the filament-wound products would affect their mechanical properties. Based on the multi-scale homogenization principle, this work proposes a method to predict the equivalent elastic properties of the filament-wound composites which can consider fiber winding prestressing. Combining with the quasi three-dimensional laminated plates theory, the bridging model with considering the thermal stress is adopted in this prediction model. Through this model, the effects of the fiber pre-tension and curing cooling temperature on the equivalent axial elastic modulus of the filament wound glass fiber/epoxy tubes are analyzed. In additions, the equivalent outer diameters of these tubes are also forecasted. Most of the results obtained by this theoretical model are close to the experimental results in the reference. It indicates that this model is reliable to some extent, and it can provide a reference for the design of properties of the filament wound composite tube.
Strategy for Calculating the Speed of Trans Media Small Targets Using Stereo Vision Fusion Object Detection
Authors: Dong Yi , Kong Xiaofang , Xia Yan , Wan Minjie
Published: December 2024

The velocity calculation of the projectile entering water involves fluid dynamics, shock wave propagation and other aspects of the problem. Traditional photoelectric, radar and laser velocimeters suffer from reduced accuracy due to trans-media effects. At the same time, the projectile entering the water will create a large splash, which affects the parameter measurement of the projectile entering water. In order to address the above problems, a trans-media projectile entry system is constructed, a binocular high-speed camera is used to capture the dynamic process of the projectile entering the water, and a deep learning model is trained for the detection of the projectile target, which assists in the computation of the projectile’s three-dimensional coordinates and then. calculates the speed of the projectile at the moment it enters the water. The experimental results show that the binocular camera provides a better reconstruction of the 3D coordinates of the projectile, and the target detection combined with edge detection makes it easier to obtain the contour information as well as the pixel coordinates of the projectile. The mAP0.5 of the target detection model is 95.43%. Using this target detection model to extract useful images of projectile water entry frames from the video stream saves more than 90% of the time compared with manual extraction, providing an efficient calculation for calculating the velocity of trans media small targets.
Study of thermal decomposition and mechanical sensitivity of ETPE propellants
Authors: Zhang Ning , Gao Xifei , Xin Yanping , Zhang Weihai , Liu Changyi , Wu Haohao , Xue Chen , Chen Lei , Zhang Na , Zhang Yuxuan , Sun Shixiong , Luo Yunjun
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the thermal decomposition characteristics and mechanical sensitivity of ETPE propellant were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), vacuum stability tester (VST), impact sensitivity tester and friction sensitivity tester, and the main factors affecting the safety performance of ETPE propellant were studied. The results show that ETPE propellant has good thermal stability under 185°C. The combustion activation energy of ETPE propellant is slightly lower than that of HTPB propellant. By using 100°C heating method, the net added gas of ETPE propellant is 0.81ml/g, which meets the evaluation standard of stability qualification, and the propellant did not spontaneously combust under various high temperature test conditions. By reducing the amount of fine AP and controlling the amount of RDX, it is conducive to reducing the probability of the “hot spot” generated by the propellant under the external excitation energy, reducing the mechanical sensitivity of propellant and improving the safety performance of propellant.
Analysis and Experimental Study of Rocket Impact Velocity
Authors: Sang Manxian , Cao Haijun , Cao Wenjun , Li Peng , Ma Yue , Xuan Liu Ying , Shi Yongpeng , Li Shu , Yue Dongxu , Zhang Kuan
Published: December 2024

In order to study the dynamic process of rocket impacting on the front seal cover of the directional tube of the storage and transportation box during launching, the finite element model of rocket and the seal cover of the directional tube was established, and the dynamic dynamic process of the seal cover before launching was simulated and analyzed by Ansys/Ls-dyna dynamic analysis software. The influence of different impact velocity impulse on the structure and performance of the rocket fuze component is studied to obtain a reasonable impact velocity. Combined with the test to further verify the accuracy of the simulation analysis results, it can be concluded that: through a reasonable design of the rocket impact cap, the rocket head fuze component can reliably break the front seal cover of the directional tube without affecting its own structure and performance.
Integrated Aerodynamic-Ballistic Performance Analysis of Morphing Missiles with Deformed Cross-sections
Authors: Zhang Ziyang , Wang Xugang , Chen Jinquan
Published: December 2024

To analyze the impact of various cross-sectional shapes and tailfin configurations on the flight performance of morphing missiles, an integrated aerodynamic and ballistic performance analysis was conducted on gliding extended-range missiles as the primary research subject. Utilizing an engineering algorithm, we calculated the lift-drag characteristics across different cross-sectional shapes and tailfin configurations, identifying the ellipticity ratio as the pivotal parameter influencing the missile’s lift-drag ratio, which correlates positively with overall performance. Configurations with greater ellipticity ratios demonstrate a lift-to-drag ratio advantage in the subsonic speed range, which can counteract the performance losses post-transonic range and improve the missile’s aerodynamic capabilities. The “+”shaped tailfin configuration demonstrated a lift-to-drag ratio advantage at all test speeds and showed no performance inconsistencies between speed ranges. Ballistic simulations indicate that configurations with ellipticity ratios of 1.25 and 1.50 achieve range increases of 8.9% and 19.5%, respectively, over the standard circular cross-section. Ellipticity ratio has a positive correlation with the maximum range, and the growth rate of this range slightly increases with greater ellipticity. The research findings elucidate how cross-sectional deformation contributes to the enhancement of missile performance and offer technical guidance for the design of related projects.
A pulse power supply module for launching fire extinguishing bombs
Authors: Jia Wenxiao , Zhang Yazhou , Li Zhenxiao
Published: December 2024

Electromagnetic launching technology has a wide range of applications and can replace conventional launching technology in many fields. In order to expand the application of this technology, the design of an induction coil type launcher that can launch fire extinguishing bombs, large-scale simulated bird bodies and other thrown bodies was completed, consisting of a four-stage coil capable of launching 10kg thrown body at an initial velocity of more than 100m/s. In order to meet the integration requirements of the launcher body, the design of a compacted pulsed power module matched to the launcher was carried out. According to the characteristics of multi-stage coil launching, the pulse discharge circuit is designed by adopting the continuity-front type topology to avoid the possible problem of induced voltage damage to the device; based on the technical specifications of the launcher, the types and parameters of the pulse power devices in the module are determined and the launch simulation is carried out for verification; measures such as high specific energy devices, shared electrodes structure, and built-in discharge devices are adopted to make the module meet the compactness requirements. The module has a rated energy storage capacity of 100kJ, a maximum operating voltage of 10kV, and a specific energy of 1.2MJ/m3. The short circuit discharge experiment and the coil discharge experiment shows that the module’s discharge capacity and structural strength satisfy the design requirements; and the actual launching experiment shows that four modules of the same type are used as the excitation source of the coil-type launcher, which can project a 10kg thrown body with an initial velocity of 103m/s at an operating voltage of 8kV.
Numerical Study on Interior Ballistics of Artillery by Using Two-dimensional Two-phase-flow Model Coupled with Heat Loss Model of Barrel
Authors: Feng Yuan , Wang Yuwei , Zhu Wenfang
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the numerical model of two-dimensional two-phase-flow interior ballistics coupled with heat loss of barrel was established. By using this model, the interior ballistic processes of a small-caliber artillery with different charge mass were simulated. The distribution and evolution characteristics of interior ballistic parameters, such as pressure and the motion of propellant, were obtained, and the influence of heat loss of barrel on ballistic performance was analyzed. The results showed that with an increase in charge mass, chamber pressure would be increased, the interior ballistic time would be reduced, the burnout performance of propellant would be increased, the heat transfer coefficient and heat flux during interior ballistics would be raised. As a result, the maximum value of inner wall temperature would be enhanced with an increase in charge mass. In addition, the heat loss effect of barrel would lead to a decrease in maximum chamber pressure, muzzle pressure and muzzle energy. With a decrease in charge mass, the ratio between heat loss of barrel and muzzle energy would be raised.
Interior Ballistic Calculation and Analysis of Sudden Change of Motion Resistance of a Caliber Projectile in Bore
Authors: Guo Yinghua , Li Ruijing , Zhu Wenfang , Feng Yuan , Chen Pengjie
Published: December 2024

In this paper, three models are established to analyze and calculate the bore explosion phenomenon of a gun, namely, constant volume combustion model, classical interior ballistic model and one-dimensional two-phase flow. From the calculation results, the one-dimensional two-phase flow model has the largest calculation value, followed by the constant volume combustion model, while the classical interior ballistic calculation value is the smallest, and the one-dimensional two-phase flow model considers the situation closer to the actual situation. The calculation results of one-dimensional two-phase flow model show that the lag of the projectile will form a certain pressure shock behind the projectile, and the amplitude of the shock is negatively correlated with the decrease of the lag speed. In this accident, because the propellant basically burns, the pressure oscillation belongs to pure gas phase oscillation, and it does not produce abnormal pressure pulse and acceleration oscillation at the bottom of the projectile, but gradually converges, which does not cause the main charge of the projectile to detonate in the bore.
Study on the Ballistic Performance of Ceramic/UHMWPE Composite Armor Plates with Fiber Constraints
Authors: Xiang He , Peng Xiangfei , Yang Yang , Niu Mu
Published: December 2024

Ballistic ceramic with high hardness, high compressive strength, and low density is one of the most important materials in modern armor due to its resistance against high-speed bullet penetration. However, its poor ductility results in extensive fragmentation during penetration, significantly reducing the effective protection area of the armor. In this study, a three-dimensional constraint was employed to investigate the influence of such constraint on the anti-penetration performance of ceramic/UHMWPE composite armor. Using the same winding method, three types of ceramic tiles were constrained with aramid fiber, and ceramic composite armor was prepared. The anti-penetration performance and ceramic panel damage mode of composite armor with different sizes were analyzed based on the GJB 4300A-2012 standard. The results show that the effect of fiber constraint on the ballistic performance of ceramic composite armor has a size effect. For small-size ceramic tiles, the amplitude of the enhancement in protection performance by fiber constraint is less than that of the decay in protection performance. As the size of the ceramic tile increases, its sensitivity to constraint decreases, and the ceramic volume involved in ballistic response increases, resulting in improved ballistic performance of the armor. The constraint effect also plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of the armor structure. After bullet impact, the armor maintains higher structural stability due to the reinforcing effect of fiber, not only enhancing its single-shot resistant ability but also significantly enhancing its resistance to continuous impacts.
The suppression of the common mode interference based on the matched transient voltage
Authors: Sun Liwei , Li Yong , Zhao Jicheng , Mi Changwei
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a new method to suppress the common mode (CM) conducted interference of brushless DC motor (BLDCM). In the proposed method, the effect of the delay on the CM conducted interferences is analyzed and the average output CM voltage is selected as the feedback variable to suppress the CM conducted interference. With the feedback variable, a compensation method is presented to reduce the CM conducted interference by regulating the duty cycle or the phase shift. The method is simple which makes highly reliable. Moreover, no extra hardware is required which saves design cost. The effectiveness is verified through the simulation and experiment, and the simulation and experimental results shows it is effective in the low and medium frequency.
Research on the design of the magazine lifting mechanism based on double scissor structure
Authors: Hua-Ting Wang , Chen Chen , Ke Huang , Chen-Xu Huang , Lei Chen
Published: December 2024

In view of the urgent needs of lightweight and modularization of a certain type of vehicle-mounted anti-aircraft gun, a design scheme of the magazine lifting mechanism based on the double scissor structure is proposed, the mathematical model of the lift and fulcrum of the hydraulic cylinder based on the principle of virtual displacement is established, the sensitivity of different fulcrum position parameters to the distance between the lift and the fulcrum of the hydraulic cylinder is studied, the local optimal solution is determined and the optimal lift design is realized by considering the actual installation space constraints, and the structural stiffness is verified to meet the design requirements through finite element simulation calculation. It provides a certain technical basis for the design of lightweight magazine lifting mechanism.
Study on the influence of outer liner material on the formation and penetration behavior of coated explosively formed projectile
Authors: Haiyuan Bie , Yuanfeng Zheng
Published: December 2024

The formation mechanism of the coated explosively formed projectile is revealed, which mainly includes the double liner impact stage, the radial coating closing stage and the metal precursor penetrator stretching stage. The results of mechanism analysis show that the edge of the variable thickness outer liner near the explosive is thinner, resulting in the impact collapse velocity of the edge is higher than that of the center, and the outer liner closes forward and collides with the sub-diameter reactive liner, thus forming a metal precursor penetrator with the outer liner as the main body and a large-diameter projectile with the reactive material. When the outer liner material is replaced with copper, steel, titanium and aluminum in turn, the tip velocity of the coated explosively formed projectile increases, the metal precursor penetrator and the trailing coated projectile can be formed. The penetration of steel target by coated explosively formed projectile is studied, the simulation shows that the penetration of steel target by coated explosively formed projectile with copper outer liner is about 1.50 CD (charge diameter), and the main penetration process concludes the hole opening of the metal precursor penetrator and the expansion with the entry of the trailing coated projectile. When the liner material is replaced with copper, steel, titanium and aluminum in turn, the density of the liner material reduces, the tip velocity of the coated explosively formed projectile increases, and the penetration depth of the steel target reduces.
Research on a Maximum Attack Zone Calculation Strategy for Air-to-Air Missiles
Authors: Peng-Cheng Cai , Yong-Liang Chen , Ya-Lei Bai , Zheng Gong
Published: December 2024

The maximum attack zone of an air-to-air missile is significant for enhancing the effectiveness of beyond-visual-range combat. Firstly, the target aircraft and missile models are established, as well as the missile-target relative motion model. Then, two sets of mid-course composite guidance strategies and a miss-distance-relaxation simulation strategies are proposed. The impact of miss distance is introduced into the traditional golden section search optimization, and the optimization results of the traditional golden section search are improved by relaxing the restraints on miss distance. Finally, the effects of the improved composite guidance strategy and the miss-distance-relaxation simulation strategies are verified through the simulation results of the maximum attack zone. The results show that the proposed simulation and guidance strategies can achieve a larger missile attack range.
Analysis of peak resistance and water stability of wheeled amphibious vehicles with initial trim angle
Authors: Zhongyi Xu , Xinjian Ruan , Zhiyong Yang , Jingyi He , Mengjie Zhang , Meng Gao
Published: December 2024

The water resistance of wheeled amphibious vehicles directly affects their water performance, and indicators such as navigation trim angle and center of gravity heave value directly affect their water stability performance. The initial trim angle of amphibious vehicles has a significant impact on these indicators, which is very important in wheeled amphibious vehicle design. This article studies the influence of initial trim angle on the water resistance, navigation trim angle, and heave value at the center of gravity of a certain wheeled amphibious vehicle through model test, providing relevant basis for designing the initial trim angle of this wheeled amphibious vehicle.
Application Research on Improving Few shot Semi supervised Network In Fault Diagnosis of Rocket Artillery Rotation Machine
Authors: Zheng Xinlei , Zhang Zhipeng , Liang Tongjia , Liao Rui , Tang Jie , Yang Dewu
Published: December 2024

The success of fault diagnosis based on deep learning is attributed to a large number of labeled samples. However, in the application of fault diagnosis for artillery rotating devices, the scarcity of labeled samples can easily lead to overfitting of deep learning, making it difficult to train satisfactory diagnostic models. To address this issue, we proposes using an improved few shot semi supervised network to expand the limited labeled samples. Firstly, the network utilizes a relative position matrix to map the original time-series dataset to two dimensions, which are then fed into the ResNet18 network for processing image data to extract features. Then, in semi supervised learning, threshold selection based on instance credibility inference (ICI) is used to screen the pseudo label expansion labeled dataset with high confidence. Finally, the classifier is optimized by using the extended dataset to achieve fault diagnosis. The experiment shows that the improved network method has achieved excellent fault diagnosis performance, promoting the engineering application of artillery health management.
Function survival probability simulation of armoured vehicles against armour piercing bullet fragments
Authors: Shen Zhiwei , Li Nan , Tao Zhiguo , Li Jishan
Published: December 2024

The formation and evolution process of armour penetrating by 12.7mm armour piercing bullet is investigated. The survival probability calculation model of key functional part of armoured vehicles is established. Through statistics, at the situation of non-lining material, the maximum scattering angle can reach 54 degrees, while, with the protection by the lining material, the maximum scattering angle can be reduced to 12 degrees. The overall kinetic energy of fragments reduces with increasing the scattering angle. The lining material exhibited the energy absorbing function. The results show that the maximum kinetic energy with the protection by the lining material is 44% of the circumstances of non-lining material. Through the arrangement of the lining material and functional part position, the functional survival probability of ammunition and vehicle control can be improved significantly.
A Tolerance Precision Control Method Based on the Internal and External Double-layer Pressure Screw Limits
Authors: Chengcheng Sun , Hongping Ma , Zhongwang Tian
Published: December 2024

In order to solve the problem that the assembly axial clearance of large-diameter mechanical trigger fuze delay device is large in the fuze body, a tolerance precision control method based on the internal and external double-layer pressure screw limits is proposed. The internal and external double-layer screw threads constitute two sets of independent redundant dimensional chains in distribution direction and value. The final assembly accuracy of the delay device is adjusted by the internal and external double-layer pressure screw mutually. The minimum coaxiality deviation of assembly can achieve 0 deviation, and the average accuracy of assembly coaxiality is increased by about 30.69%, which has obvious effect in reducing axis eccentricity.
Output-only time-varying modal parameter online identification method and engineering application based on TARMA model
Authors: Yu Lei , Ma Qing-Hua , Wang Zhi-Yi , Li Ze-Yang
Published: December 2024

The modal parameters of long-range cruise weapon systems are typically obtained through finite element analysis and ground vibration testing. However, due to the inability to simulate the system’s time-varying characteristics under flight conditions, it is customary to conduct finite element modelling or ground vibration testing based on several representative operating scenarios. Subsequently, the flight modal frequency of the system is derived through numerical interpolation. This repetitive modelling, analysis, and ground testing process is both time-consuming and resource-intensive. This paper delves into the data-driven output-only identification approach, developing a recursive identification method solely based on the output, which incorporates a time-varying auto-regressive moving average (TARMA) model. By introducing a forgetting factor, the method effectively tracks the system’s time-varying characteristics, enabling rapid and accurate acquisition of the time-varying mode of long-range guided missiles even under unknown excitation conditions. Focusing specifically on the time-varying modal identification challenge posed by a long-range cruise missile, this study performs a frequency spectrum analysis of flight telemetry data. By comparing this analysis with ground vibration experimental data, the disparities between the in-flight and ground modes are elucidated. Leveraging the recursive identification method, the time-varying modal parameters of the flight telemetry data are successfully identified. The alignment between the identified results and the spectral analysis outcomes validates the effectiveness of the proposed online identification technique for time-varying modal parameters, thereby serving the engineering requirements for finite element model refinement and attitude control system design in long-range cruise missiles.
Analysis and Decoupling Study of the Coupling Effects on Projectile Acceleration Parameters
Authors: Li Chaowei , Liu Wei , Wang Yu , Ma Lintao
Published: December 2024

Internal ballistic parameter testing is crucial for evaluating artillery performance and design, with projectile acceleration being a core parameter. During the firing process, projectile acceleration parameters can easily be coupled with the projectile’s modal effects and the transverse effects of triaxial accelerometers, leading to inaccurate measurements. Therefore, this paper innovatively proposes a data decoupling method to improve the accuracy of acceleration measurements. Firstly, the internal ballistic firing mechanism and the transverse effects of triaxial accelerometers are analyzed. Secondly, a simulation analysis of the projectile modal is conducted, combined with the projectile’s motion state within the barrel, to determine the modal orders and frequencies under axial stretching and compression vibration modes. Thirdly, shock tests are performed on triaxial accelerometers using a shock table to establish the relationships between triaxial acceleration signals. Finally, the projectile modal, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), and the transverse effects of triaxial accelerometers are combined to decouple the acceleration signals. A comparison between the decoupled acceleration signals and theoretical data shows that the error is reduced from 8.1% to 3.2%, significantly improving the accuracy of the acceleration signals.
Study on the Micromechanical Interface Response Behavior of Propellants Based on Nano-Impact Testing
Authors: Wen Junjie , Wu Yi , Yang Junsen , Xia Hanqing , Hou Xiao
Published: December 2024

This study utilizes a nano-impact experimental platform to investigate the stress-strain response of propellant interfaces with two different binders, HTPE and GAP. The mechanical behavior of HTPB-AP and GAP-AP interfaces was examined at the nano-scale under varying strain rates, with experiments conducted at rates up to 100 s−1. These experiments successfully captured the strain rate-dependent mechanical properties of both propellant components and their interfaces. The experimental results align well with the rate-dependent power-law viscoplastic constitutive models developed for HTPE, HTPE/AP, GAP, and GAP/AP interfaces, validating the model’s effectiveness in describing the viscoplastic behavior of these materials and their interfaces. The study demonstrates that interfaces generally exhibit lower stress responses compared to bulk materials. HTPE shows higher initial stress responses and more pronounced strain hardening than GAP.
Design and Optimization of Multi Contact Flexible Feet for Humanoid Robots
Authors: Han Lianqiang , Li Yuxi , Zhang Jintao , Li Zhengyu
Published: December 2024

Humanoid robots can traverse various terrains using a bipedal motion mode, thus possessing good mobility. In recent years, the application scenarios of humanoid robots have expanded to outdoor and even wild environments, where dynamic interactions with complex environments generate significant external impact forces, affecting the robot’s stable motion. This paper designs a flexible bionic foot, optimizing the elastic coefficient of the cushioning structure by constructing a multi-contact flexible dynamic model. Through simulations and experiments, compared with a flat foot, the flexible foot designed in this paper can effectively reduce external impact forces.
Optimization Method for the Attack Trajectory of Loitering Munitions Based on Damage Pre-assessment
Authors: Yunhao Zhang , Juan Li , Jie Li , Yihai Wang , Yonghui Shi
Published: December 2024

In order to take into account the traditional terminal damage research while designing the trajectory of loitering munitions, this paper deduces a quantitative method which takes the detonation decision of loitering munitions as the input and outputs the damage effect on the power system of the target vehicle. A two-layer optimization model aiming at improving the damage effect and reducing the trajectory length is established, and a trajectory optimization method based on genetic algorithm is designed. The results of numerical simulation show that this optimization method can effectively and stably improve the damage effect of loitering munitions on the power system of the target vehicle, and the genetic algorithm can quickly converge to obtain the optimal trajectory solution. The work contributes to the application of terminal damage research in the overall design of loitering munitions and lays a good foundation for promoting the intelligent damage research of loitering munitions.
Thermal stability of 80 wt.% hydroxylamine nitrate/water
Authors: Kang L M , Xu S , Zhu C G , Xu F Y , Zhang J X , Wu X L , Luo Y M , Yang N
Published: December 2024

Liquid propellant systems are seeking alternatives to highly toxic hydrazine, with efforts focused on finding safer replacements. Hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) as a high-energy ionic liquid is one of them. The purpose of the study is to investigate thermal characteristics of 80 wt.% hydroxylamine nitrate/water by DSC, thermal explosion and ARC tests and to evaluate its thermal hazard. The two decomposition stages for HAN were researched and the apparent activation energies were obtained by Ozawa-Doyle and Kissinger methods. Furthermore, thermal explosion temperature values acquired by DSC and thermal explosion at a constant heating rate were compared. The ARC test revealed the maximum self-heating rate and the time to maximum rate, which were used to classify the thermal hazard risk. Meanwhile, the gas generation of 80 wt.% HAN/water and HAN-based liquid propellant was compared, relating to the explosive hazard. The study is expected to provide valuable insights into the development, preservation, and transportation safety of HAN.