bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Specialist Sales Aspects in Recruitment Process
Authors: Yllikäinen Maria
Published: June 2022

The labor shortage of experts will increase as current experts retire, which has moved the recruitment culture closer to expert sales. The competitiveness of companies is also affected by the availability of experts in the labor market. The aging population of globally developed countries is bringing an unprecedented labor shortage to the labor market. As companies globalize, the nature of work has spread around the world. For experts, Covid-19 brought more and more opportunities for work, teleworking, and this in itself has changed the situation in the labor market. The importance of recruitment and communication in the direction of significant change. The automation of the industry and various job search platforms have made the job more demanding than previous passive recruitment.The purpose of this study is to investigate the commercialization of current expert recruitment. It is also intended to take into account the importance of identifying specialty sales as part of the recruitment process. The accelerated process and the aging of the population have changed the skills needs of recruitment professionals that this study seeks to identify. By identifying and comparing different theoretical and practical methods, we aim to detect change in the recruitment process through research. Recruitment itself has been more passive in the past and sales active interaction. At the moment, it is not enough to open a job to find the right expert, but as part of finding the right expert, expert recruitment includes a variety of recruitment consultants, sourcing experts, headhunters and headhunting services. The study highlights the model that followed the recruitment stages from a sales perspective. This model allows the use of sales tools as part of the recruitment process.
Economic Impact of COVID-19 on Real Estate Prices in Slovakia
Authors: Adamuscin Andrej , Panik Miroslav , Golej Julius
Published: June 2022

The Slovak real estate market is relatively young compared to developed countries. Real estate is one of the assets with a low risk of loss, but also with low liquidity. Real estate prices are subject to changes caused by economic cycles. Due to the rapidly changing market conditions, already realized real estate is considered a relatively certain investment, while investments in its construction are marked by high risk. Real estate prices are determined by several socio-economic and demographic factors.The COVID-19 disease also raised levels in the real estate market. None of us expected the crisis caused by the new coronavirus. Although many forecasters agree that the economic crisis is a phenomenon that recurs cyclically about every 10 years, few would have predicted the enormous global proportions it could have.The article aims to answer the questions of how the corona crisis-affected real estate prices in Slovakia and how prices will develop until the end of 2021.
The Impact of Covid-19 on Students. A Multi-correspondence Analysis
Authors: Guadalupe-Lanas Jorge , Cruz-Cárdenas Jorge , Arias-Flores Hugo , Zapata Mireya
Published: June 2022

The present paper has the aim of analyze the effects of Coronavirus disease 2019 on students’ lives. With that objective we carry out a multiple correspondence analysis which seeks to account for the existing structures in the relationships between variables included in that study. It also allows us to look at the relationships from the sublevels of the categories of each variable. The key areas where negative effects on household income have affected students are related to the number of household members receiving income, the type of income the head of household receives, and the amount of money received by the household. The main results are related to a significant correlation in the purchases of food before COVID-19 and the purchase of clothing before and after COVID-19. This finding is important because it shows a close relationship between the purchases of goods and services (food and clothing) among the respondents. Additionally, the variables related to the type of income of the head of the household before and after COVID-19 are highly correlated. Likewise, the amount of income before and after COVID-19 and income recipients before and after the pandemic are also correlated, but less significantly. Finally, the labor stability has changed drastically for some students and family workers.
Effects of Return to Work after the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Arias-Flores Hugo , Pérez-Vega Doris , Guadalupe-Lanas Jorge
Published: June 2022

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic transformed the lives of all people. The vaccination process worldwide, in a way, is creating the necessary conditions to return to face-to-face attendance in daily work activities. In this sense, the research focuses on establishing whether people who are working in person have been affected by their daily activities in their work environment with other colleagues. An online survey was conducted, from which a total of N = 202 participants was taken. Aspects related to efficiency and effectiveness in the workplace, and whether stress affected their performance, were addressed. The results show that the biggest stress for participants is having to share activities with larger groups of people, regardless of whether biosecurity standards are respected.
The Impact of Refugees on Economic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Kowarsch Dandan , Wang Jingyu
Published: June 2022

The aim of this article is to explore the relationship between refugees and the host country’s economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean using a simulation modeling approach. There is a large body of work on the topic using statistics. However, one big challenge of conducting econometrics methods to unveil any correlation is that regressions are data dependent. Since the current available refugee data doesn’t truly represent the reality as there has been a quite substantial number of unregistered Venezuelan refugees in Latin America and Caribbean region since 2015. Using agent-based simulation modeling approach overcomes the challenges of data issue and passes by strict assumptions for an OLS regression to produce BLUE outcomes. In our ABM model, agents represent labors, defined as age between 16 and 65, and Venezuelan refugees. To evaluate the impact on gender inequality on employment in the host country, despite of age, agents also carry the attributes of gender, work capability, average education years, birth (matured female only), and death. Three countries Venezuela, Colombia, and Chile are modeled as patches in Netlogo . Countries own the attributes of GDP and GDP per capita at macro level. The simulated result based on the initial values suggests that in Latin America and the Caribbean, refugee growth and host country’s economy are positively correlated. In contrast, the simulated results suggest that the higher fertility rate negatively affects the labor value added outcomes. It could imply the more female refugees in the host country, the lower GDP will be. We also found that the life expectancy is correlated to economic growth, labor’s work capacity, and education years. Life expectancy could be an indicator of the overall quality of human capital. In brief, the findings might imply labor value added output or labor capacity is the driver of economic growth.
The Relationship Between National Culture and Risk-taking Among Countries: Should Researcher Rethink Competition?
Authors: Kuforiji John , Abdelrahim Yousif
Published: June 2022

This study explores the indirect impact of the cultural values of masculinity, individualism, and collectivism on a country's risk-taking levels using the risk-takers national-centric and cultural theories in fifty-one countries. The authors used secondary data from various sources, Sobel Test Calculator, bivariate, and multiple regression analysis to examine their hypotheses. Data sources incorporated were Hofstede's website study in 2011. In addition, data for the competition were obtained from the Global Competitiveness Report 2019 website. Furthermore, data for risk-taking were obtained from the Our World in Data website in 2019. Finally, data for the gross domestic product per capita income (PKY), country market capitalization (CMK), and country gross domestic product growth volatility (PDPGV) were borrowed from the World Bank's World Development Indicators 2019. The research results demonstrate a significant, positive, and indirect relationship between individualism and the country's risk-taking levels through competition. In addition, the results reveal a negative, significant indirect relationship between collectivism and a country's risk-taking levels throughout the competition. Nevertheless, the indirect relationship between masculinity and a country's risk-taking levels throughout the competition is not insignificant. These study findings contribute to the literature by illustrating the indirect impacts of national culture on unreasonable risk-taking decisions throughout the competition. According to the standard economic theories, corporate decisions should be decided only by economic considerations such as profit maximization. However, this study's findings show that culture and competition should be considered for risky corporate decisions. The results are harmonious with previous studies proving that cultural values shape how firms make decisions that are affected by the levels of competition and their national culture. Practitioners could use these study findings to improve culture training programs as well as international finance and international management applications. The findings could also strengthen the growing awareness among finance scholars, management scholars, and formal academic institutions.
Innovative Transport Technologies of Ukraine: Sustainable Development, Economy, Infrastructure
Authors: Yakymchuk Alina , Svets Mykola , Ostapiuk Nataliia , Zayachkivska Oksana
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The state and development of the national economy depend on the sustainable development of transport. Increasing productivity of the economy branches determines the formation of the basis for achieving sustainable devel-opment for both states and individual territories. The aim of this investigation is an optimizing of activity of transport system of Ukraine, to develop international cooperation between Ukraine and European Union in the field of introduction of innovation technologies on transport. The authors examine the condition of Ukraine’s transport system, its production activities, and, in particular, the perspectives of introduction of innovative technologies in national transport system. A set of measures for economic stimulating the transport system has been offered. The state of the Ukrainian transport infrastructure has been analyzed and the possibilities of introduction of transport innovations, which are successful in the European Union, have been revealed. Keywords: Transport System Integration Economic Policy Transport Innova-tions
Oppression Among Nations: Does It Influence Country’s Corruption?
Authors: Abdelrahim Yousif , Eltoum Russina , Hassan Riham
Published: June 2022

Abstract—This research study empirically examines the relationship between oppression and corruption levels at the country level among one-hundred-fifty-three countries (153). The authors used Ibn Khaldun Theory of Education to develop the discussion and support the hypothesis. To test the study hypothesis, the study utilized secondary data from Freedom Human Index (2020), co-published by the Cato and the Fraser Institutes, and Corruption Perception Index (2020) developed by Transparency International. The authors in the study applied weighted least squares regression analysis, and the study results show a positive and significant relationship between oppression and corruption among countries. This study contributes to the literature by empirically identifying and validating a new factor influencing many countries' corruption. The results could also help policymakers understand the roots of corruption and reconsider new policies that eradicate corruption from its starting sources. The authors also discuss future research, the study limitations, and the study implications.
Motivations, Success Factors and Challenges of Open Innovation for Start-ups
Authors: Popescu Florentin , Warmenhoven Rob
Published: June 2022

One of the urgent challenges that small and medium enterprises face is the need to follow a continuous growth-path, particularly essential for Start-ups where global challenges force companies to look for even smarter ways to grow. If entrepreneurs agree with the idea that not all smart people work for their company, the embracement of the paradigm of ‘Open Innovation’ is a logical step. In other words, a company does not have to be the owner of an idea to benefit from an idea. Henceforth open innovation explores and exploits knowledge by sharing the innovation processes with third parties creating new opportunities for companies to profit from innovation. However, despite the growing literature on open innovation, so far, there has been little discussion on how start-ups can benefit from open innovation. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the concept of open innovation and to develop insights on how Open Innovation can benefit entrepreneurs who are in the process of creating their own start-up company. Studies in this review employed, show that there is not a generally accepted definition of what open innovation is and how it can be applied to companies in general and start-ups in specific. Additionally, it was noted that most studies in the field have only focused on open innovation using the perspective of a larger company. Very little was found in the literature on the start-up perspective. Therefore this paper discusses the reasons and motives of why students start-ups are encouraged to adopt open innovation practices. Moreover, the success factors and challenges that start-up face that implements open innovation practices are vital for all entrepreneurs to study as via open innovation start-ups can overcome the initial barriers that most start-ups face. This paper focusses on different dimensions of open innovation for students - Open Innovation vs Closed Innovation; Inbound vs Outside-in Innovation; Antecedents of open innovation; models of Open innovation; Success factors and Challenges - and serves as a guiding tool for student entrepreneurs to self-assess their start-up, so they can adapt and change in their start-up before an open innovation practice can be successfully implemented. Taken together, the open innovation paradigm should be in the mind-set of every student entrepreneur right from the start of the development of the business idea and the implementation of the business model, so consequently, the chance of a profitable and sustainable business future will increase for the start-up company.
Effects of Social Cues on Robot’s Gaze and Head Rotation on Users’ Perception
Authors: Xiaoyu Jia , Chen Chien-Hsiung
Published: June 2022

The social cues embodied by social robots may greatly affect people’s impressions of them, thereby affecting the human-robot interaction (HRI) experience. This study focuses on the impact of two social cues on participants’ impressions in human societies, i.e., robot eyes blinking and head rotating. The conclusion was generated as follows: (1) The social cues of social robots in specific scenes included rotating head or blinking eyes, can improve participants’ perception of robots on anthropomorphism, animacy, likeability and perceived intelligence. (2) The social cues of robots will attract the attention of visitors to a certain extent, leading them to follow the robot on the tour. (3) At the same time, the ability to attract attention is limited. On the one hand, social robots need to have more social cues to bring people a feeling of being alive and intelligent. On the other hand, according to different usage scenarios, the attributes of social cues should also be different.
Challenges in Research Projects on Augmented Reality in the Domain of Mechatronic and Robotic Applications
Authors: Bauer Benedict , Wittenberg Carsten
Published: June 2022

The team of the Otto Rettenmaier Research Laboratory for Digitalization at Heilbronn University has been working for years on research projects for interaction with robots as well as a mechatronic factory system using augmented reality (and also virtual reality as well as quite simply via mobile devices - keyword BYOD). As AR Device usually a Microsoft Hololens is used, in the VR area a system of HTC Vive is available in the lab. Other mobile devices are smartphones as well as tablets from different manufacturers.A number of different implementation challenges have been identified in the projects, some of which are quite different. As a main issue is certainly the combination of industrial components such as the robots with the systems that are used for the augmented reality applications. The AR applications and systems typically originate from the gaming world and are not aligned with typical industrial communication standards in terms of issues such as data communication and more. As described, one technical hurdle that has emerged is the communication between the interaction devices and the mechatronic systems. In the industrial world - based on the topic of Industry 4.0 and the associated developments - the OPC UA communication architecture has emerged. However, OPC UA -quasi as an industrial standard- is of course established as a standard in entertainment technology.In addition, there are questions about the development environment. This is predetermined on the side of the mechatronic systems by the products from the control technology, but relatively free on the side of the AR/VR applications. The bridge between these worlds must be developed in the projects anyway. The bandwidth of the respective engines for the development of AR/VR applications, on the other hand, is very broad and very dynamic - meaning that the possible range of functions changes with every update.The biggest challenges, however, come from the actual application scenarios based on industrial production. The classical interaction concepts, which are given for example by the respective operating terminals of robots and are known to the user, can only be transferred to the virtual or extended space with great difficulty. Furthermore, the mapping of the actual production environment in the virtual world is of course a very big problem.The article explains the hurdles encountered in the various research projects and the solutions developed in the projects as well as the questions that are still open.
Multidimensional, Intuitive and Augmented Interaction Models for Robotic Surgery
Authors: Giugliano Giovanna , Capece Sonia , Buono Mario
Published: June 2022

Surgical robotics in operating rooms is an innovative and rapidly evolving field, and performance levels need to be improved. Despite technological advances, there are still many limitations in surgeon-robot interaction, such as the lack of tactile feedback from the surgeon and visualization issues arising from the surgeon's position relative to the operating table. Therefore, among the challenges of robotic surgery is the design of efficient and ergonomic human-machine interaction systems that can improve and enhance the capabilities of the surgeon and the robot (Boyraz et al., 2019) while ensuring risk reduction and high levels of ergonomics and safety. This will improve the surgeon's perception and eliminate possible accidental contact with tissues and injuries. In this scenario, the contribution illustrates the reconnaissance and analysis activities carried out to identify the limitations and advantages of the current interfaces and visualization technologies applied to robotic surgery to verify their usability and the ways of surgeon-robot interaction.
Quantifying the Influence of Image Quality on Operator Reaction Times for Teleoperated Road Vehicles
Authors: Hoffmann Simon , Willert Felix , Hofbauer Markus , Schimpe Andreas , Diermeyer Frank
Published: June 2022

Teleoperated Driving (ToD) is a widely acknowledged concept applied to handle edge-case situations in automated vehicles. In ToD, a human operator judges and resolves these situations based on video streams. Due to varying network coverage, the compression level of these video streams and therefore the resulting image quality (IQ) are adjusted dynamically. In the presented work, the effect of IQ on task performance is investigated. We hypothesize that IQ impacts the operator’s reaction time to dynamic obstacles, and therefore influences safety. We conducted a user study to test this hypothesis. Subjective and objective data were collected. The results reveal that IQ has a significant influence on the operator’s task performance.
The Use of Drone Technologies Within the Built Environment of South Africa.
Authors: Nicolai Jensen Benjamin , Uys Eljane , Cook Laetitia
Published: June 2022

As the 4th Industrial Revolution technologies continue to recast the practices of multiple industries, there is an opportunity for the South African Built Environment to hop on the bandwagon of this technical evolution. Within the country’s-built environment, the focus of the paper was upon reporting on the feasible symbiotic relationship of the construction industry and drone technology.Based on previous literature with regards to drones in the construction industry of South Africa, it was found that many practitioners were eager to investigate the possible use of drones however the main concern was the cost. Therefore, the question of what legal drone and data processing program could feasibly be incorporated by practising professionals into the different construction stages of development was investigated.To produce evidence, results and derive conclusions on the question; an exploratory study of academic journals and articles along with manufacturer specifications was conducted. First off, the paper motivates that through the versatility of drones and the processing programs abilities many current construction practices can become more efficient. It was found though, through interviews with practising professionals, that the only damper on optimising the versatility of drones in South Africa was the legislation.To guide the results of exploration practising professionals were interviewed to provide a baseline on the current use of drones in South Africa. The interviews revealed that before starting to look at a drone, a processing program or the cost thereof the legislation governing drone usage in South Africa must be understood and complied with. Throughout the paper, the legal requirements have been stated to inform the construction industry of these requirements. To follow this, professional drones and data processing programs available and their cost were tabulated to answer the question. However, it was concluded that a drone cannot be limited to a single stage in a construction project because of its multifaceted functionality. Furthermore, it is dependent on the size of the project and the skill of the pilot to whether a drone is a feasible option for each construction project.Future research may need to be done to further refine the study. Practical research tests to see how drones perform on South African construction sites may provide critical results to elaborate on, and provide additional data. Another aspect to be further researched is the legal cost of a drone in terms of time and money to critically answer whether outsourcing or in house drone services are the future of construction company’s practices.
Sustainable Design of Commercial and Residential Complexes - An Example of Wantun Community Project
Authors: Wei Xia , Bonenberg Wojciech , Zhou Mo , Wang Jinzhong
Published: June 2022

High-rise commercial and residential buildings are a type of building that has been developing rapidly in urban centers in recent years. With the continuous development of urbanization, it has an increasing impact on the sustainable development of the human living environment, and the study of the sustainable design of such high-rise commercial and residential buildings is a matter of great urgency. Human society has entered the ecological era, and all aspects of the social economy are increasingly labeled as eco-friendly and sustainable in the development process. High-rise commercial and residential buildings, because of their comprehensive functions, are bound to bring the defects of high energy consumption and high pollution. Therefore, the design of high-rise commercial and residential buildings should be based on the principle of sustainable design, scientific and reasonable planning of the building plan, and the implementation of high utilization rate of building functions to ensure that the building can comply with the principles of ecological and environmental protection and sustainable development, which is the development trend of high-rise commercial and residential building planning and architectural design at present and for a long time in the future. This paper analyzes the necessity of sustainable design for commercial and residential complexes in modern cities, and examines the sustainable design of high-rise commercial and residential complexes in detail in terms of the plan layout of building units and traffic organization design, taking into account the design practice of the Wantun community.
Frontier Analysis of Resilience Research in Design Ecology
Authors: Pan Xiaoxi
Published: June 2022

The epidemic has once again made urban resilience a core argument for responding urban crises while ensuring urban safety. As an important research field of design ecology, resilience make contributes to build a healthier and sustainable city, which urgently need further research and development. This paper takes 11896 literature retrieved from the Web of Science TM core collection database and 629 literature retrieved from CNKI from 2006 to 2021 as the research object. Using CiteSpace scientific knowledge visualization software, combined with literature content analysis and interpretation, this paper sorts out the general situation of its development then identifies research hot spot and frontier. Results show that:(1)the previous studies mainly focus on resilient cities, sponge cities, stormwater management, resilient landscapes, sustainable design and blue-green infrastructure; (2) the frontier of resilience research in design ecology is: climate change, community resilience, disaster response, risk assessment, etc. In addition, compared with foreign scientific research orientation, domestic research mainly focuses on practical applications in planning and design, lacking systematic theoretical and technical research support. In conclusion, points out the shortage of resilience research and how to put forward the future research. Finally, it meets the needs of building resilient cities in the 14th Five-Year Plan, providing guidance and method reference for the follow-up researches of resilience.
The effects of the San Gottardo Base Tunnel System on the transformation of cross-border land and its contribution to a more circular economy
Authors: Tello Zaira
Published: June 2022

The San Gotthard railway base tunnel, located in Switzerland, connects the cities of Ersfeld with Bodio, has an extension of 57 km, and was inaugurated in June 2016. Its construction has generated an integral system, with the purpose of achieving efficient operation. These types of projects generate permanent transformations in urban environments and landscape. Without long-term articulated policies, directed only at economic competitiveness or national development, and leaving aside policies for protecting the environment and strengthening existing infrastructures and intermodal transport, run the risk of being political instruments that devastate the territories where they are implanted.The first project of the San Gotthard base tunnel dates back to 1961, since that date a number of variants have been made to the project in relation to the financing plan, routes, connections, commercial strategies, capacity for transporting people and merchandise, works compensation, among others. At the time the final project was finalized, the intervention of the confederation at different scales was fundamental, generating a set of actions and international agreements that are part of the so-called "Gothard System", adopting measures with a wide variety of areas and among them reveals that it is possible to execute an adequate policy of managing the waste generated by the construction of the tunnel and of transferring merchandise traffic from road to rail through the Swiss Alps.The Gotthard Base Tunnel is considered the longest in the world; it took 17 years to build and thousands of workers to complete. It is part of the European Rhine-Alps rail freight traffic corridor, which runs from the cities of Rotterdam and Zeebrugge in the Netherlands to the Italian city of Genoa. This transport and logistics infrastructure is essential for the correct development of this commercial and communication corridor, the complexity of its operation reaches different scales: transnational, national, multilateral, regional and subnational.The purpose of this study is to develop an approach that shows the experience in Switzerland and the effects of the construction of the San Gotthard base tunnel in the creation of complementary works, such as agricultural and environmental compensations, projects that enhance the intermodal system. Three levels of analysis were identified that involve the cities located in Switzerland and Italy. At the Milan-Zurich metropolitan level, Mendrisio-Stabio-Arcisate-Varese-Gallarate cross-border level, and at the local level the Swiss cantons of Ticino, Uri and Grigioni. Additionally, a brief comparative analysis is carried out with the future base tunnel that will link the French city of Lyon with the Italian city of Turin, in order to identify some of the effects produced by the construction of the San Gotthard base tunnel on the border between Switzerland and the north of Italy.
Enhancing Rural Sustainable Development and Rural Innovation through Adaptive Design Strategies
Authors: Zhou Mo , Bonenberg Wojciech , Wei Xia , Qi Ling
Published: June 2022

Many rural areas have been facing declining during the rapid urbanization process in various different countries. How to keep rurally sustainable developing with their own characteristics in order to sustain diversification? There are plenty of strategies to boost the rural economy and improve living conditions. This paper is taking a case study from the rural areas in the Greater Poland region, the assessment of adaptive design connecting the strategies to boost the rural development and innovation solutions have been traced during the research work. Furthermore, increasing the local job opportunities and providing innovative technologies for farming and local firms are good proposals, which are beneficial to the rural sustainable revitalization. Adaptive design combing with local regional conditions can provide a guideline for improving rural life quality and preserving the environment in rural areas.
Water as a project material: Designing the Tagus Estuary Riparian Limits
Authors: Anastasia Caterina
Published: June 2022

Today, especially at a time of mobility restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we recognise the attraction of riverside promenades as well as green areas and paths along drainage corridors. As the water network has become a generator of new urban facades and a trigger of territorial regeneration, it has also come to represent a way towards improving inhabi-tants’ wellbeing and social cohesion. This work analyses 21 realised riverside regeneration projects located in the ‘City of the Tagus Estuary’ – the city set along the Tagus Estuary water system (Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal). The focus is on quality factors and components that work together with the visual stimuli of the green/blue scenes. The work concludes that proximity to water, as a ‘project material’, requires conscious design of the land-water interface and its accessibility, with relevance for the ways of using and contemplating the estuarine landscape.
Influence of soundscape in the experience of an urban area: a case study in Rome
Authors: Aletta Francesco , Asdrubali Francesco , Rosaria De Blasiis Maria , Evangelisti Luca , Guattari Claudia
Published: June 2022

Over the last years several studies have demonstrated how the same environment can lead to different perceptual outcomes if the surrounding sounds change. Soundscape studies promote a user-centred approach for the characterization and management of acoustic environments in cities. There are several available protocols to gather perceptual data about how people experience the soundscapes in urban areas, and the most common tool is the “soundwalk”, a procedure where a group of people walks and stops at given locations in order to assess the acoustic environment, using some sound-related attributes (e.g., calm, pleasant, vibrant, chaotic, etc.). This research aims at evaluating the influence that different acoustic conditions together with specific environmental ones can induce on the pedestrians’ perception. In particular, the analysis was carried out within an artistically significant and culturally relevant urban district characterized by different traffic conditions, such as the archaeological area of the Colosseum in Rome. For this purpose, a soundwalk combined with a sound levels measurement campaign was organised in the archaeological area outside the Colosseum, during daytime and night time conditions, with a group of students applying the Method A of the ISO/TS 12913-2:2018, which addresses soundscape data collection. The results show how the correlations between the subjective responses and the measured data are significant and they can vary if the surrounding changes, both in terms of acoustical characteristics and environmental ones.
Opportunities and challenges of citizen participation in the territorial planning system in Ecuador
Authors: Vivanco Lorena , Ordoñez Alfredo , Pacurucu Natalia , Orellana-Alvear Boris
Published: June 2022

Fragmented public action and the limitations to coordinate national and local public policies with the involvement of citizens need to generate spaces and mechanisms for citizen participation linked to the planning processes of the different levels of government. In Ecuador (2008), citizen participation is a constitutional right of mandatory compliance for the entities and instruments part of the National Decentralized System of Participatory Planning. This study aims to analyze the normative aspects of the citizen participation system for territorial planning at the national and subnational level its opportunities. It challenges to promote the involvement of citizens in the formulation and updating of territorial planning instruments. To this end, an in-depth reading of national legislation is carried out, contrasted with the methodological guidelines of the official planning guides and information obtained from interviews with those who participate in the planning process. The results show that the structure of the participation model established constitutionally after a decade of operation has been limited to a legal process of mandatory compliance by the different levels of government. Participation spaces have been developed only at consultative and information levels. Then, there are no legitimacy processes of territorial planning instruments, which are necessary to implement normative and methodological adjustments that contribute to a new culture of the public planning to build the future development of the territory and its ordering.
Zoning according to type of urban land: The case of Isidro Ayora canton, Guayas, Ecuador.
Authors: Cabrera Fausto , Rafael Hechavarría Hernández Jesús , Sánchez Lorena
Published: June 2022

The growth and development of urban land in the head of the Isidro Ayora canton, Guayas province in Ecuador, lacks adequate zoning and territorial planning. This research paper identifies factors such as homogeneous areas based on geographic, physical and socioeconomic variables. As a starting point, the current model of urban land use was established through the municipal cadastre. This information was corroborated and supplemented with the collection instruments and the applied methodology. The zoning proposal according to the type of urban land yielded satisfactory results when carrying out the analysis under a systemic approach of the variables that intervene in the decision-making process. The planning of the territory, its potential, and the territorial trends are focused on sustainability development.
Urban Sustainable Transportation: Environmental Aspect
Authors: Averkyna Maryna
Published: June 2022

The paper deals with the analysis the environmental aspect of Urban sustainable transportation. The role of ecological situation in cities for maintenance of urban sustainable transportation is comprehensively examined. The author pointed out that the estimation of the rate emission level Nitrogen dioxide is crucial for im-proving current situation in Urban management. The proposed models were esti-mated using data collected in the cities by World Bank and were compared to de-termine which of them presented the best fit end the variables. The estimated models were useful in highlighting how different urban transportation factor to in-fluence on the rate of Nitrogen dioxide emission level.
Early Impact of COVID-19 on Private Sector Income Earners Homeownership Delivery in Nigerian Cities: Issues and Possible Solutions
Authors: Ebekozien Andrew , Aigbavboa Clinton
Published: June 2022

Studies showed that the private sector positively influences the country’s economic growth. The Nigerian Government housing policies and programmes tailored towards homeownership may not have favoured the private sector. The COVID-19 crisis might have compounded the issue. There are scarce studies concerning private sector income earners’ (PSIE) homeownership in the COVID-19 era. Therefore, the paper investigated the perceived early negative impacts of COVID-19 on PSIE and proffered measures to improve homeownership across Nigerian cities. Given the unexplored dimension of the issue, a qualitative research method was employed via virtual interviews. Thirty semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted with knowledgeable participants across Nigeria. Each geo-political zone was represented, and saturation was achieved. The researchers collated the data and thematically analysed them. Findings show that housing policies and programmes are pro-public sector homeownership. Also, it reveals that the private sector businesses are worse hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings will offer a rich insight into the influence of COVID-19 on PSIE and contribute towards informing key stakeholders, especially government, to revamp housing policies and programmes towards private sector homeownership in Nigeria’s cities.
Strategic urban planning of the banks of the Daule river: Case study in Guayas, Ecuador.
Authors: Alvarez Macias Dennisse , Rafael Hechavarría Hernández Jesús , Pin Maria
Published: June 2022

The strategic location of the neighborhood “Entrada a Daule” on the banks of the Daule River has led to a disorderly increase in informal settlements over the past decades as result of its proximity to the city of Guayaquil. This study proposes an urban planning that is oriented towards sustainable, organized, and planned development contemplating conditions for environmental development, economic and social growth that are conceived in the assessed region. Therefore, based on the identified variables, it is sought to meet the following objectives: inclusive and equitable resilient urban planning; strengthen local govern through a real citizen participation by carrying out the “Right to the City”; and characterize the existing natural element of the territory as a limiting factor in the creation of land use regulations. In summary, the urban intervention plan aims to recover the dynamics and landscape environmental characterization of the region to achieve a sustainable and comprehensive future in terms of city projection and construction policies.
The Future of Facility Management: A Case for Digital Twin
Authors: Akinshipe Olushola , Aigbavboa Clinton , Anumba Chimay
Published: June 2022

In the field of building and construction, a digital twin model of all physical information substantially enhances decision making all through the individual stages in the life cycle of a facility starting from the preconstruction activities to deconstruction. In essence, digital twin can increase efficiency in building construction, management, and deconstruction. Based on this, the current study aims to understudy the benefits of application of digital twin to the built environment and building management systems. The study reviewed archived literature on digital twin, facility management, building management systems and the built environment. Findings from this study revealed the importance of digital twin in the built environment. Digital twin technology is a means to efficiently accomplish tasks in the building and construction industry. It can be used to mitigate cost and risks in the probable chance that something goes wrong. The predictive nature of digital twin is a massive game-changer for effective forecasting in building management; hence there is an imperative need to seek its advancement within the building industry.
Scales of Gentrification in intermediary cities: A challenge for Ecuadorian territorial planning
Authors: Ordoñez Alfredo , Orellana-Alvear Boris , Calle-Jimenez Tania , Orellana Esteban
Published: June 2022

Intermediate cities have specific characteristics due to their size, population, economy, and regional dynamics. The metropolises represent poles of attraction that do not allow the development of the surrounding villages. These poles absorb peripheral accentuations during their boundary expansion processes. Not far from this phenomenon, it is observed that intermediate cities act similarly in front of smaller towns, having a repeated effect than their higher similes. The relationship between villages leads to emigration and population immigration and can be confused with gentrification processes. For this reason, it is necessary to differentiate the original inhabitants of neighborhoods or areas that have been displaced from those who have preferred to change their place of residence by free will. The various study scales are directed towards understanding the phenomenon within a block, neighborhood, sector, city, and finally territory, with the desire to understand the gentrifying phenomenon's propagation speed.
Knowledge city vs smart city: Approaches and development areas
Authors: Cueva-Ortiz Sonia
Published: June 2022

Knowledge Cities (KC) and Smart Cities (SC) have made significant investments with influence throughout the world in only four decades. This has occurred although these concepts are still being developed, being urgent to advance in their understanding. This article focuses on comparing these types of cities, seeking to understand their approaches, the fields of study in which they are developed and the lines of action in which they are projected. A mixed methodology is applied, qualitative to deepen the concepts and quantitative through the VOS viewer software, which is used to process more than two thousand articles indexed in Scopus. We found that the KC is formed around the notion of change of the productive matrix and develops issues related to its urban spatial and social conformation. While the SC concept is developed in the technological sciences, relating more to the use of the internet of things (IoT), big data, cloud computing, and its application in the city.
Territorial strategic plan focused on the sustainable urban-environmental micro-zoning of the Puerto Jeli parish, Santa Rosa canton, Ecuador 2021.
Authors: Isabel Romero Maria , De Jesús Calero Proaño Laura , Pin Maria
Published: June 2022

In recent years, research has been carried out related to territorial and urban planning in municipalities of Ecuador. However, there are still municipal organizations that have neglected urban parishes, ignoring places frequented by tourists and local citizens, such as Puerto Jelí, recognized for its gastronomy, high economic potential and tourist opportunities. The present work focuses on developing an essential structure based on an urban-environmental micro-zoning that results in ordering the territory of the study sector in an integral way under sustainable development guidelines, which will allow the development of the strategic plan to enhance the process of making and improve the quality of life of the inhabitants as an agent of exchange of goods and services, wealth creation, innovation and development.
Experimentation in open sea of the composite structures for the sustainable development of aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Gabriela Ene Alexandra , Mihai Carmen , Jomir Mihaela
Published: June 2022

Protecting water and marine resources - and ensuring their environmental status - is one of the pillars of EU environmental policy. The acceleration of the process of loss of marine biodiversity or of essential goods to the ecosystem has required the adoption of special measures on nature and biodiversity (Sixth Community Environment Action Program). The process of recovering the natural bio filter from the coastal area of the sea coast requires the development of ecological methods designed to increase populations of epibiotic organisms that are filters capable of accelerating the restoration of marine quality in tourist areas - leisure on the coast. The modular system designed and developed by our specialists is intended both for the extension of the natural epibiont bio filter in traditional coastal areas, and for the cultivation for food purposes of mussels - Mytillus Galloprovincialis - the largest bivalve in the Black Sea and oysters - Crassostrea gigas. The location of the modular system has the following specific hydro meteorological characteristics: the winds in the northern sector have the highest dominance and intensity, the orientation of the Romanian Black Sea coast (from north to south) favors the dominance of currents parallel to the shoreline, and the structure of the substrate is composed of an alternation of submerged rocks and stony platforms covered with terry mud. The system has been successfully tested until the third stage of development of the epibiont organisms, the tests continuing at present. The presented solutions will contribute to the restoration of the sea filters, by ensuring an optimal breeding place for a variety of marine organisms.