bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Juglone: A Versatile Natural Platform for Obtaining New Bioactive Compounds
Authors: dos S. Moreira Caroline , Santos Thaís B. , Freitas Rosana H.C.N. , Pacheco Paulo A.F. , da Rocha David R.
Published: August 2021

Juglone is a metabolite produced by several species of plants, in particular Juglans nigra.
Additionally, juglone is a 1,4-naphthoquinone that has several biological actions. Antimicrobial, antifungal,
sedative, oxidizing, antihypertensive, and especially anti-proliferative actions have been described
for juglone. This justifies that 1,4-naphthoquinone is a privileged structure for Medicinal
Chemistry, and it is useful for the development of new prototypes with varied actions. In this work,
we make a profound review of juglone synthesis methodology, the biological actions of juglone, and
mainly the synthesis and pharmacological actions of juglone derivatives. We hope that the potent
biological actions described for these derivatives in this review will stimulate the continuous design,
synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of new juglone derivatives.
Sequence Analysis, Structure Prediction of Receptor Proteins and In Silico Study of Potential Inhibitors for Management of Life Threatening COVID-19
Authors: Chatterjee Abhik , Basak Hriday Kumar , Saha Soumen , Ghosh Joydeep , Paswan Uttam , Karmakar Sujoy , Pal Ayon
Published: August 2021

Background:

Treatment of the Covid-19 pandemic caused by the highly contagious and pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 is a global menace. Day by day, this pandemic is getting worse. Doctors, scientists and researchers across the world are urgently scrambling for a cure for novel corona virus and continuously working at break neck speed to develop vaccines or drugs. But to date, there are no specific drugs or vaccines available in the market to cope up with the virus.

Objective:

The present study helps us to elucidate 3D structures of SARS-CoV-2 proteins and also to identify natural compounds as potential inhibitors against COVID-19.

Methods:

The 3D structures of the proteins were constructed using Modeller 9.16 modeling tool. Modelled proteins were validated with PROCHECK by Ramachandran plot analysis. In this study, a small library of natural compounds (fifty compounds) was docked to the hACE2 binding site of the modelled surface glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 using AutoDock Vina to repurpose these inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Conceptual density functional theory calculations of the best eight compounds had been performed by Gaussian-09. Geometry optimizations for these molecules were done at M06-2X/ def2-TZVP level of theory. ADME parameters, pharmacokinetic properties and drug likeness of the compounds were analyzed using swissADME website.

Results:

In this study, we analysed the sequences of surface glycoprotein, nucleocapsid phosphoprotein and envelope protein obtained from different parts of the globe. We modelled all the different sequences of surface glycoprotein and envelop protein in order to derive 3D structure of a molecular target, which is essential for the development of therapeutics. Different electronic properties of the inhibitors have been calculated using DFT through M06-2X functional with def2-TZVP basis set. Docking result at the hACE2 binding site of all modelled surface glycoproteins of SARSCoV- 2 showed that all the eight inhibitors (actinomycin D, avellanin C, ichangin, kanglemycin A, obacunone, ursolic acid, ansamiotocin P-3 and isomitomycin A) studied here were many folds better compared to hydroxychloroquine which has been found to be effective to treat patients suffering from COVID-19. All the inhibitors meet most of the criteria of drug likeness assessment.

Conclusion:

We expect that eight compounds (actinomycin D, avellanin C, ichangin, kanglemycin A, obacunone, ursolic acid, ansamiotocin P-3 and isomitomycin A) can be used as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Veterinary Regenerative Therapy: Basic Physiology
and Clinical Applications
Authors: Chandra Vikash , Mankuzhy Pratheesh , Sharma G. Taru
Published: August 2021

Background:

The consistent, self-renewal capability and wide-ranged differentiation potential
during specific physiologic conditions mark stem cells as a novel candidate not only for
biomedical research and regenerative therapy but also as an alternative source in research related to
life sciences. This vital and distinct characteristic of stem cells enables them to offer unprecedented
hope in treating many diseases and disorders, which are otherwise difficult to treat. Several efforts
are still being undertaken to enhance the efficiency of MSCs for better therapeutic applications.

Objective:

In the recent past, several studies have been conducted regarding the isolation of stem
cells from diverse sources and are being used clinically in veterinary regenerative therapy. However,
to date, only a few systemic studies are available. This study provides a comprehensive analysis
of the findings from basic and applied research conducted on stem cell therapeutics with particular
emphasis on animals.

Result:

On the basis of their sources, stem cells can be classified as adult or embryonic stem (ES)
cells. Physiologically, the ES cells have the capability to differentiate into all body cells and develop
into the normal adult organism, whereas adult stem cells serve as a repair system by restoring damaged
tissues of the body. The adult stem cells referred to as Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can
be derived from various adult body organs, whereas embryos give rise to embryonic stem cells.
MSCs possess the unique property of proliferation, trans-differentiation, and secretion of important
biomolecules to create a microenvironment, which is immunosuppressive and stimulates native
MSCs of damaged tissue. MSCs being immunocompromised cells can be used in autologous as
well as in allogenic mode.

Conclusion:

In veterinary therapeutics, MSCs equipped with engineering and pharmaceutical modifications
are offered as potential candidates in the treatment of wound healing, nerve injury,
bone/ligament injury, etc., and also bear a great hope for the improvement of udder health and milk
production in animals.
Predictors of Booster Engagement Following a Web-Based Brief Intervention for Alcohol Misuse Among National Guard Members: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Coughlin Lara N , Blow Frederic C , Walton Maureen , Ignacio Rosalinda V , Walters Heather , Massey Lynn , Barry Kristen L , McCormick Richard
Published: August 2021

Background

Alcohol misuse is a major health concern among military members. Reserve component members face unique barriers as they live off base with limited access to behavioral health services. Web and app-based brief interventions are a promising means to improve access to treatment for those who misuse alcohol, with the use of booster sessions to enhance effectiveness, solidify gains, and reinforce changes. However, little is known about who will engage in booster sessions.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate booster engagement across booster delivery modalities (Web and Peer) and identify participant-specific factors associated with booster session engagement.

Methods

Following a brief web-based alcohol misuse intervention in National Guard members (N=739), we examined engagement in a series of three booster sessions. Using unadjusted and adjusted models, demographic and clinical characteristics that may serve as predictors of booster session engagement were examined across the 2 arms of the trial with different types of booster sessions: peer-delivered (N=245) and web-delivered (N=246).

Results

Booster session completion was greater for Peer than Web Booster sessions, with 142 (58%) service members in the Peer Booster arm completing all three boosters compared with only 108 (44%) of participants in the Web Booster arm (χ23=10.3; P=.006). In a model in which the 2 groups were combined, socioeconomic factors predicted booster engagement. In separate models, the demographic and clinical predictors of booster engagement varied between the 2 delivery modalities.

Conclusions

The use of peer-delivered boosters, especially among subsets of reserve members at risk of lack of engagement, may foster greater uptake and improve treatment outcomes.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02181283; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02181283
Adapting to the Pandemic: Protocol of a Web-Based Perinatal Health Study to Improve Maternal and Infant Outcomes
Authors: Tzilos Wernette Golfo , Countryman Kristina , Mmeje Okeoma , Ngo Quyen M , Zlotnick Caron
Published: August 2021

Background

The identification of interconnected health risks during the perinatal period offers an opportunity to prevent negative maternal and infant health outcomes. Marijuana, opioid, and other substance use during pregnancy is a rapidly growing public health concern with significant and costly health consequences for the woman and the developing fetus. Pregnant persons who misuse substances are disproportionately more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors resulting in sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which are on the rise in this population and can lead to adverse effects on maternal health and on fetal development.

Objective

Our goal is to continue testing an innovative and low-cost technology-delivered intervention, the Health Check-Up for Expectant Moms (HCEM), which simultaneously targets alcohol and drug use and STI risk during pregnancy, both of which are on the rise during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We describe the ways in which we have adapted the web-based HCEM intervention to continue recruitment and study enrollment during the pandemic.

Results

Study recruitment, visits, and participant safety assessments were all successfully modified during the initial year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to in-person recruitment that occurred prepandemic, remote recruitment yielded a greater proportion of women enrolled in the study (83/136, 61.0% vs 43/52, 83%) in a shorter period (12 months vs 7 months).

Conclusions

Despite study challenges related to the pandemic, including time and effort adapting to a remote protocol, remote recruitment and visits for this study were found to constitute a successful approach.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03826342; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03826342

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/30367
Peer Review of “Social Media Polarization and Echo Chambers in the Context of COVID-19: Case Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Buente Wayne
Published: August 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report.
Identification of novel mutations in Emirati subjects with Autosomal Dominant Familial Hypercholesterolemia (ADFH) in the United Arab Emirates by whole exome sequencing (WES): The WORTH study (Whole exOme sequencing of emiRaTi FH subjects) (Preprint)
Authors: Banerjee Yajnavalka , Al Mahmeed Wael , Karuvantevida Noushad , Shahzadi Syeda Kiran , Al-Sheikh Ali Alawi
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal-dominant disorder and is characterized by elevated serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) that could dramatically increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). FH is predominantly associated with mutations in three major genes, LDL receptor gene (LDLR), the apolipoprotein B gene (APOB), and the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 gene (PCSK9).

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the present work will be to identify novel FH-causing genetic variants in Emirati patients diagnosed with autosomal dominant FH, using Simon-Broome diagnostic criteria (SBDC).

METHODS

Genomic DNA will be isolated from 30 patients diagnosed as definite FH using SBDC on the basis of the presence of family history of tendon xanthomas. Genomic DNA will be sheared into 100-400 bp, subjected to Illumina paired-end DNA library preparation, enriched for target sequences and will be sequenced using the HiSeq 2000 platform (Illumina).

RESULTS

Blood samples from FH-diagnosed Emirati people have been collected. Genomic DNA from 22 people has successfully been isolated, amplified for targeted exons and sent for sequencing.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will prove to be the first step in building an effective cascade screening program for the diagnosis of FH, tailored for the Emirati, population.
Associations Between Online Pornography Consumption and Sexual Dysfunction in Young Men: Multivariate Analysis Based on an International Web-Based Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Jacobs Tim , Geysemans Björn , Van Hal Guido , Glazemakers Inge , Fog-Poulsen Kristian , Vermandel Alexandra , De Wachter Stefan , De Win Gunter
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Expanding access to the internet has resulted in more and earlier consumption of online pornography. At the same time, a higher prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) among young men is seen. Increased pornography consumption has been suggested as a possible explanation for this rise.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to better understand associations between problematic pornography consumption (PPC) and ED.

METHODS

A 118-item survey was published online, and data collection took place between April 2019 and May 2020. Of the 5770 men who responded, the responses from 3419 men between 18 years old and 35 years old were analyzed. The survey used validated questionnaires such as the Cyber Pornography Addiction Test (CYPAT), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C). The estimated amount of porn watching was calculated. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed. For the multivariable analysis, a logistic regression model using a directed acyclic graph was used.

RESULTS

According to their IIEF-5 scores, 21.48% (444/2067) of our sexually active participants (ie, those who attempted penetrative sex in the previous 4 weeks) had some degree of ED. Higher CYPAT scores indicating problematic online pornography consumption resulted in a higher probability of ED, while controlling for covariates. Masturbation frequency seemed not to be a significant factor when assessing ED.

CONCLUSIONS

This prevalence of ED in young men is alarmingly high, and the results of this study suggest a significant association with PPC.

CLINICALTRIAL

Research Registry researchregistry5111; https://tinyurl.com/m45mcaa2
Studies on Microbial Contaminants Associated with Arecanut Leaf Sheath Plates
Authors: Revathi R.M. , Adivappar Nagarajappa , Patil Suresh , Sudeep H.P. , Swathi H.C.
Published: August 2021

Arecanut is being grown in an area of 2.71 lakh ha in Karnataka and contributes 65 per cent area to the country. Arecanut sheds the leaf sheath and they are widely used for consumption and packing of food in various occasions. The survey was conducted to know the microbial contaminants associated with leaf sheath plates and during the survey visited to 30 plates manufacturing units situated in Shivamogga and Davanagere districts in Karnataka. Randomly collected areca plates were used for laboratory study to know the contaminants. From these, fungal and bacterial contaminants were isolated and identified by cultural, morphological and biochemical studies. The result revealed that Rhizopus stolonifer, Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Trichoderma harzianum and prevalence of Pseudomonas sp. (32×10-6 cfu/ml), Bacillus sp. (19×10-6 cfu/ml), Micrococcus sp. (12×10-6 cfu/ml) and E. coli (4×10-6 cfu/ml) were observed in contaminated plates under laboratory studies. The study concluded that the prevalence of fungi and bacteria may cause deleterious effects on human health is a chance factor. In future, it is required to concentrate on the sterilizing process which may prevent the health hazardous on human beings.
Detection of Genetic Polymorphisms using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Plants after Seed Treatment with Biotic and Abiotic Agents
Authors: Al-Yasiri Zahraa Abid Nima , Al-Alwani Basheer , Al-Janabi Jawad K. Abood
Published: August 2021

Trigonella foenum-graecum L. is a widely used herb in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic polymorphisms in fenugreek plants following the treatment of fenugreek seeds with different combinations of biotic and abiotic agents using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR technique. We assessed the effects of two strains of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum (Th-1 and Th-2), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and Aloe vera gel (AVG) on growth parameters of fenugreek plants. Combinations of Th-1, MeJA, AVG significantly increased fenugreek root length, shoot length, shoot fresh weight, number of true leaves, and chlorophyll content. The Th-2 isolate, on the other hand, markedly slowed plant development (except for root length which was not affected significantly). In contrast, the combination with MeJA had no considerable effect on all growth measures, whereas the combination with VAG resulted in a substantial drop in shoot height and chlorophyll content when compared to other growth parameters that were unaffected. The present study has shown that the PCR amplification of DNA, using five primers for RAPD analysis, produced 62 DNA fragments that could be scored in all genotypes. The total number of polymorphic bands was 26, and the average percentage of polymorphism was 54.21%. The RAPD-PCR results showed that the treatment of fenugreek seeds with Th-1 alone or in combination with MeJA and AVG induced polymorphisms in fenugreek leaves.
Microbiological Surveillance of Hospital Environment in Chevella, India
Authors: Laxmi Rajamanickam Venkata , Ramya A. , Vanaja S. , Vijayalakshmi Payala
Published: August 2021

Microbiological air contamination in operation theatres (OTs) and labor rooms (LRs) is a major risk factor for surgical site infection. Routine monitoring in vulnerable areas such as OTs and LRs should always be performed as part of infection control to evaluate the contamination by microorganisms and monitor for the presence of nosocomial agents. The present study is aimed to isolate and identify various pathogens in a hospital environment. The research was performed in the Bacteriology lab, Microbiology Department, Dr.Patnam Mahender Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Chevella, Ranga Reddy district, Hyderabad, India between November 2017 and November 2020 for a period of 3 years. Surface swabbing and settle plate techniques were two sampling techniques used in the analysis. A total of 3492 samples were collected from various hospital surface sites and 5 OTs and LR sites and equipment via the swab technique, while a Petri plate gravitational settling (passive) sampling method was selected for the collection of air samples and all these samples were properly transferred to the microbiology laboratory and processed by standard microbiological protocols. A total of 3492 surface swabs were taken from 5 OTs, LR sites and equipment from the hospital. Out of these 294 (8.42%) were culture positive and 3198 (91.58%) were culture negative. Among 294 microbial isolates, the highest number was reported from Bacillus spp. 212 (72.11%) and least number was from Pseudomonas spp. 6 (2.04%). Through air sampling methods, bacterial isolates were isolated from OTs and LR of various clinical departments and it was found that the highest bacterial count was reported from general surgery (677 CFU/m3) followed by orthopaedics (585 CFU/m3). Most of the microbial isolates isolated from OTs and LR of clinical departments found be species belonging to Bacillus spp. and Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS). In developing countries, routine indoor air quality management in healthcare facilities needs to be constantly monitored and appropriate measures are taken to detect and prevent acquired infections in hospitals. Settle plate methods for air and surface swabbing, also in resource-limited settings, are very useful, simple and cost-effective techniques for OT and LR monitoring.
IOT Based Energy Meter Monitoring and Controlling
Authors: Varun B.
Published: August 2021

This paper aims at developing a system which helps in monitoring the readings from an energy meter and controlling the switching of energy meter. This system also has tamper switch, which helps in illegal removing of energy meter cabinet and alerts the authorities in the form of text message.
Cross-Layer Routing for Outage Minimization in Multihop Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Dutta Partha Sarathi
Published: August 2021

In this study, cross-layer approach for joint routing and power allocation problem is formulated in an optimization framework for end-to-end outage minimization under the constraint of total permissible transmission power. A closed form solution for optimal transmission power is obtained following the extraction of routing metric. The scheme is referred as minimum end-to-end outage probability (MEO) strategy. A distributed implementation of the proposed strategy is also presented. Simulation results prove that our proposed MEO routing and power allocation strategy succeeds in achieving significant improvement of end-to-end outage probability over MEO routing and equal power allocation scheme.
A Survey on Exchanging Data Using MQTT Protocol in Arduino
Authors: Shaikh Arefa Shafique
Published: August 2021

In the coming years, sensors will likely grow in every aspect of our lives. Several activities explain how the Internet of Things (IoT) will have an impact on almost all aspect of our lives and why security is at the top of the list of IoT challenges. Device to Device communications (D2D) in IoT are forecast and another major concern within the use of IoT is to make sure device security, D2D connectivity and high quality data. Therefore, a proper communication protocol is required to fix this issues. To address this, we purpose the use of Message Queue Telemetry Transport(MQTT)protocol to transfer data between devices, as it is more secured. MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a publish/subscribe messaging protocol which works on top of the TCP/IP protocol. The key feature of MQTT is its light weight, adds flexible authentication and bandwidth efficiency. The result of this study is transferring high quality data securely using MQTT protocol.
Micro Grid Operation Cost Reduction Using Particle Swarm Optimizer and Eagle Strategy
Authors: Gnanaprakash M.
Published: August 2021

As a result of rapid financial development and natural disasters, energy efficiency research, and high-quality electricity alternative energy options, as well as efficient electricity sources. In particular, the use of green energy sources has become a hot issue; As a result, distributed electricity supply in the micro grid is the basis for the achievement of the vital objectives of successfully providing the customer with currency and stability. The article proposes a hybrid metaheuristic approach based on the Eagle strategy Technique (ES) and Particular Swarm Optimizing (PSO) Technology, which will minimize low-voltage running costs from a renewable energy source such as an electricity generator, solar panels, wind generators, micro turbines and fuel cells. The cost optimization problem is set up as a nonlinearly constrained problem. In order to maximize distributed generation, a mathematical problem must be solved. The proposed hybrid solution is evaluated on low-voltage micro grids, and its optimal performance is compared to that of other hybrid approaches and variety of other metaheuristic techniques
Investigation of Performance Indicator for Public Transit Connectivity in Multi-Modal Transportation Network of NCT Delhi
Authors: Upadhyay Abhishek
Published: August 2021

Centrality plays a crucial role as agencies at the federal and state level focus on expanding the public transit system to meet the demands of a multimodal transportation system. Transit agencies have a need to explore mechanisms to improve connectivity by improving transit service. This requires a systemic approach to develop measures that can prioritize the allocation of funding to locations that provide greater connectivity, or in some cases direct funding towards underperforming areas. The concept of centrality is well documented in social network literature and to some extent, transportation engineering literature. However, centrality measures have limited capability to analyze multi-modal public transportation systems which are much more complex in nature than highway networks. In my study area, we propose measures to determine Network centrality from a QGIS SOFTWARE which is based on graph theoretic approach for all levels of transit service coverage integrating routes, schedules, socioeconomic, demographic and spatial activity patterns. The objective of using Network centrality as an indicator is to quantify and evaluate transit service in terms of prioritizing transit locations for funding; providing service delivery strategies, especially for areas with large multi-jurisdictional, multi-modal transit networks; providing an indicator of multi-level transit capacity for planning purposes; assessing the effectiveness and efficiency for node/stop prioritization; and making a user friendly tool to determine locations with highest connectivity while choosing transit as a mode of travel. The proposed analysis offers reliable indicators that can be used as tools for determining the transit connectivity of a multimodal transportation network.
Ontology-Based Approach of E-government for Interoperability
Authors: Tshering Younten
Published: August 2021

There is a need for the exchange and sharing of knowledge between the department of government in the e-government system. Therefore, this paper ‘Ontology-Based Approach of E-government’ will discuss the scope of interoperability. With the e-government ontology, there will be proper semantics by using web ontology language (OWL) which helps to give clearer relation and semantics. To have an ontology, knowledge management is important and architecture/framework design is essential. The development of the e-government system is to serve citizens and organizations. However, e-government systems with heterogeneous database and distributed in nature have made difficult to integrate or interoperate. Therefore, developing a knowledge base (KB) is the major task that e-government focuses on. With KB definition and description, it will ensure clarity about e-government services. Knowledge management is important for e-government and the use of ontology is an effective way in semantic technologies. This ontology will enhance the processing of services and data between different departments in government. This kind of ontology will give a common understanding of knowledge and interoperability between the different departments of government. It will also offer effective and efficient value towards the e-government services by which citizens will be benefitted eventually.
Experimental Analysis of Abrasive Diamond Tool Wear and their Cutting Force in Stone Machining Process
Authors: Balasubramanyam N.
Published: August 2021

Stone machining with a diamond tool is a common procedure for producing both standard items and design shapes, such as tiles, slabs and so on. During the entire deep sawing process of a granite work piece with finite length cutting procedure in stone processing, force components acted on the saw-blade. The work is split into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical section discusses the features of diamond blades, cutting process methodology, and stone mining and processing methods. The practical portion of the project focuses on the wear of diamond blades when cutting stone, notably granite. The overall weight of the cutting blade and the loss of tooth height as a function of time are used to determine blade wear for two cutting blades from different manufacturers. There is a linear relationship between the two measured values. The findings serve as the foundation for a cost-benefit analysis of both diamond wheels.
A Brief Review on Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Bhargava Udayagiri R
Published: August 2021

Photo-voltaic (PV) devices such as a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) is a source of energy that converts incident photon or solar radiation to usable electricity. DSSCs are fast becoming a viable and interesting alternative to the traditional inorganic photo-voltaic devices to address the demerits of the inorganic PV devices like the use of expensive noble metals and high-cost chemical synthesis processes. A DSSC functions with two main components, i.e., a photo-sensitizer that absorbs incident light and a semiconductor onto which it is adhered to and a conductive glass housing such as Florine-doped Tin Oxide (FTO) or Indium-doped Tin Oxide (ITO), between which the sensitizer, semiconductor and an electrolyte are sandwiched. The semiconductor is preferably a wide-band semiconductor, of which the commonly used semiconductors in a DSSC are made of a nanoparticle layer of Titanium dioxide (TiO2), Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Tin oxide (SnO2). The utility of these solar cells with a diverse number of natural photo-sensitizers for use as an alternative PV device is described. Currently, there are an abundance of natural sources that could be used to obtain photo-sensitizers from, such as, micro and macro algae, plants, bacteria, etc. leading to increased importance in renewable energy sector and has gained traction to be a viable renewable energy resource. In addition to the functioning of an organic DSSC, various characteristics of the pigments used as photo-sensitizers are described here. Patents filed regarding eco-friendly and natural Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells have been increasing as of late and holds substantial promise.
Ontology-Based Recommender System of Online Courses
Authors: Tshering Younten
Published: August 2021

Nowadays it is observed that everyone is learning new things to progress in their career through the internet and online courses. Online courses are the best source of learning, and it is helping students, graduate students, and employees to enhance their knowledge and skills. With the increased information on the internet about online courses, it has made it difficult for the learners to make decisions on courses that meet their requirements. A wide range of online courses are available on the internet from different organizers or providers and finding information regarding online courses from many websites is a challenging and time-consuming process. Therefore, we developed an ontology with a common knowledge base that provides a recommendation to help the learners to select the most appropriate course depending on their requirements. For this purpose, classes (subclass and superclass) and their properties (object properties and data properties) with constraints (facets) were defined depending on the scope and domain specified by the Competency Questions (CQs). Next, the ontology was populated with instances to test and check the consistency of the ontology with the reasoner. After testing and querying the ontology using SPARQL in protégé, it is concluded that the ontology developed is consistent and perfectly meets the requirements which were defined by domain to answer the CQs. With this kind of ontology, one can find interesting courses with different categories and get recommendations on courses based on requirements. For the future scope, ontology can include more categories of courses and real instances for a better recommendation.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF POLY HERBAL ANTI AGING FACE CREAMS
Authors: Giradkar Pooja
Published: August 2021

Herbal cosmetics are defined as beauty products which possess desirable physiological movement like recuperating, smoothing appearance, improving and molding properties due to the natural fixing.. Herbal Cream is a polyherbal plan that comprises of the concentrates of Aloe barbadensis, Ocimum sanctum, Azadirachta indica and Curcuma longa, Cedro oil, Myristica fragrans, Olium rosae (Rose Oil), Orange Oil, Daucus carota, Prunus dulcis and Ocimum sanctum.. Herbs such as aloe vera leaf, turmeric, banana, neem, papaya, cucumber and other plants are used as herbs in cosmetics. In the current exploration article, the polyherbal face cream is ready by utilizing following fixing that is concentrate of Curcuma longa, Solanum lycoperisum, Carica papaya, Daucus carota, rose oil, olive oil, almond oil, refined water. Solanum lycoperisum is utilized as an enemy of oxidant and forestalls the skin maturing.Olive oil moistures the skin, papaya nourishes the skin and curcumin acts as an antimicrobial agent. The skin maturing is essentially brought about by annihilation of collagen layer in skin which can be forestalled by utilizing almond oil. The pre-arranged polyherbal cream was assessed for the pH, spreadability, homogeneity, thickness, extrudability, invitro dissemination examines, color test, expulsion test, skin bothering and antimicrobial investigations. Among every one of the pre-arranged creams F2 and F3 is discovered to be best details as contrast with another. The total percent drug discharge from the pre-arranged polyherbal cream is discovered to be the 93%.
ONLINE LEARNING DURING LOCKDOWN PERIOD OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A STUDENT PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Gaglani H
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has impinged on the people irrespective of their nationality, age, income, or gender. It has hit almost all the sectors of the economy and education is no exception. In response to lockdown norms, Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and universities had to close their premises. However, HEIs were quick to replace traditional classrooms with online learning. In response to this researcher has made an attempt to assess the perspective of MBA students towards Online Learning (OL) compared to the traditional classroom learning (CL) in the Nagpur region of Maharashtra. The sample includes fourth semester & second semester MBA students for the academic year 2019-2020. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire constructed in Google form. A total number of 601 students from five different MBA colleges in the Nagpur region participated in the study. Data were recorded in excel and analyzed. The result indicates that students are comfortable with online learning but still would like to prefer traditional face-to-face learning as it provides experiential learning.
EVALUATION OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL STANDARDS OF VIPARIT LAJJALU (BIOPHYTUMSENSITIVUM LINN.) AND IT’S EFFECT ON SPERM AND QUALITY OF SPERM IN ADULT MALE WISTAR RAT
Authors: Zade D
Published: August 2021

The present study was undertaken to evaluate physicochemical standards of viparit lajjalu (biophytumsensitivum linn.) And its effect on sperm and quality of sperm in adult male wistar rat. In our daily activities, medicinal plants are widely used by traditional medical practitioners to treat various diseases. One of those used as traditional folk medicine is in various conditions such as stomach ache and burning sensation, inflammation, arthritis, wounds, gonorrhea, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, asthma, cough, degenerative joint disease, urinary calculus, diabetes, snake bite, viparitlajjalu (biophytumsensitivum linn) of the family oxalidaceae. It has ethanobotanical articles that explain the aphrodisiac activity and sterility activity of the same plant. Due to different opinions on the activity on sperm of b. Sensitivum linn, the proper scientific study should be done for an accurate conclusion of the effect on sperm. Thus, there is a requirement to study the effect of b. Sensitivum linn. And as positive control erandamoola(the root of ricinuscommunis linn.) On quantity and quality of sperms serum testosterone, serum fsh, lh, prolactin levels and testicular cells in adult male wistar rat. Reference standard randomized animal experimental study of 18 (3x 6 group) adult male wistar rats will be done as an animal model. The adult male wistar rats will be kept under observation for 4 to 5 days in a normal diet and environment before the intervention. Evaluation of physicochemical standards of viparitlajjalu (biophytumsensitivumlinn.) And its effect on sperm and quality of sperm in adult male wistar rat.according to the observation and results, an appropriate discussion and conclusion will be formulated.
MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG ELDERLY IN INDIA: A SOCIAL WORK STUDY AND ITS INTERVENTION
Authors: Diyali Chandrakala
Published: August 2021

The Mental Health has been the biggest issue or concern in the era of globalized/liberalized /urbanized world irrespective of one’s stage of life; due to resultant side effects of women empowerment (increasing female work force participation), disintegration of joint family system and a shift from the community based society to individualized society. Therefore, the badly hit population is the most vulnerable population like elderly, due to receding of conventionally existing care and support in the family situation. These sections of the population face many physical and psycho-social and emotional health challenges which need to be identified and acknowledged. India accounts for about 6.6% of the Mental and neurological disorders among the elderly of the total disability (DALYs: Disability adjusted life years) for this age. The recent data also shows that approximately 15% of elderly in India suffer from mental disorder. As per the estimate of2010 dollar’s value; the mental health conditions will incur about 1.03 trillions of the economic loss to the country between 2012-2030.There are many organized team of Mental health workforce (per 100,000 populations) that includes psychiatrists (0.3), nurses (0.12), psychologists (0.07) and social workers (0.07). The elderly sufferings with both clinical and non-clinical mental health problems are helped by the team, through the journey of diagnosis to treatment but the Social Workers are the professionals who have a deep understanding, knowledge and skills to understand the human life stage in the entire life span. Hence, with the multi-sectorial and multi-dimensional strategies the social workers focuses on the preventive, promotive, protective treatment measures for the integrated and holistic life journey in the golden phase of their life.
SLEEP QUALITY IN MIDDLE-AGED WOMEN: FOCUS ON THE IMPACT OF DAYTIME DROWSINESS, PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF DISEASE, AND SUNLIGHT EXPOSURE TIME
Authors: Kim Eun Ju
Published: August 2021

Middle age is the stage between maturity and old age among the developmental stages of life. During this period, in addition to physi-cal changes due to aging and endocrine imbalance, adaptation to various psychological and social changes occur including changing roles in the family, social support system, and loss of relationships between individuals. It is also a time to re-evaluate yourself and your life. Purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of daytime drowsiness, presence or absence of disease, and sunlight expo-sure time on the sleep quality of middle-aged women. The subjects of this study were 125 women middle-aged 40-60 years old, wom-en who were not currently receiving any disease or hormone therapy. Subjects personally recorded on the mobile questionnaire using their mobile phone face to face, and data were collected in compliance with ethical guidelines. Data were collected using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality and Questionnaire on Daytime Drowsiness. According to research results, presence or absence of disease and daytime drowsiness were variables affecting sleep quality in middle-aged women. These two factors were able to explain the sleep quality of middle-aged women by 17.8% and it was statistically significant. However, the time of exposure to sun-light did not affect. In order to improve the quality of sleep in middle-aged women, non-drug interventions with fewer side effects that can improve sleep effects are needed. Therefore, when developing nursing intervention for improving sleep quality in middle-aged women, it is necessary to consider the conditions of disease and daytime drowsiness identified in this study.
ANALYSIS OF PERI-OPERATIVE BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS IN VARIOUS ANESTHETIC APPROACHES IN NON-DIABETIC AND DIABETIC PATIENTS: COMPARATIVE STUDY FROM CENTRAL INDIA
Authors: Sharma Vidushi
Published: August 2021

Surgical procedures cause a stress response, which results in biochemical and hormonal changes. Elevated blood sugar is the most well-known metabolic disorder. Inadequate glycemic regulation affects perioperative morbidity and mortality. The hyperglycemic reaction varies depending on the anesthetic agent and technique used. The study's aim is to compare non-diabetics and diabetics in terms of the degree to which blood sugar levels rise as a measure of stress during anesthesia and surgery under different anesthetic techniques (controlled). Ninety adult patients (30 to 55 years old) underwent various elective surgeries lasting 60 to 90 minutes under three anesthetic techniques (general (GA), epidural (EA), and spinal (SA)) at a tertiary healthcare center in Central India. 45 of the patients were not diabetic and 45 were diabetics under care. Blood sugar levels were compared between three techniques in each group and between similar techniques in both groups. Blood sugar fluctuation is less with regional techniques and much less with spinal analgesia in diabetics and non-diabetics. Wherever possible, regional techniques can reduce a diabetic's response to surgical stress. The need for an intraoperative insulin regimen may not be required in all procedures, but it is more dependent on the length and severity of the procedure. Glycemic regulation is easier in spinal anesthesia than in general anesthesia since the stress response to surgery is comparatively lower. Where necessary, we prefer spinal anesthesia to epidural and general anesthesia for minimizing surgical stress response.
Optimal local unitary encoding circuits for the surface code
Authors: Higgott Oscar , Wilson Matthew , Hefford James , Dborin James , Hanif Farhan , Burton Simon , Browne Dan E.
Published: August 2021

The surface code is a leading candidate quantum error correcting code, owing to its high threshold, and compatibility with existing experimental architectures. Bravyi et al. (2006) showed that encoding a state in the surface code using local unitary operations requires time at least linear in the lattice size L, however the most efficient known method for encoding an unknown state, introduced by Dennis et al. (2002), has O(L2) time complexity. Here, we present an optimal local unitary encoding circuit for the planar surface code that uses exactly 2L time steps to encode an unknown state in a distance L planar code. We further show how an O(L) complexity local unitary encoder for the toric code can be found by enforcing locality in the O(log⁡L)-depth non-local renormalisation encoder. We relate these techniques by providing an O(L) local unitary circuit to convert between a toric code and a planar code, and also provide optimal encoders for the rectangular, rotated and 3D surface codes. Furthermore, we show how our encoding circuit for the planar code can be used to prepare fermionic states in the compact mapping, a recently introduced fermion to qubit mapping that has a stabiliser structure similar to that of the surface code and is particularly efficient for simulating the Fermi-Hubbard model.
Keragaman, Dominasi Tikus Silvatik, Kepadatan Pinjal dan Kewaspadaan Pes di Daerah Fokus Pes di Kecamatan Cepogo Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Raharjo Jarohman , Wijayanti Tri
Published: August 2021

One of rodent borne diseases that exist in Indonesia is pes with flea as vector and rat as reservoir. The objective of this research were to find out the diversity, dominance of rats, the density of  rat and fleas as monitoring efforts for vigilance  of plague transmission. The study was conducted  in September-October 2016 in Wonodoyo and Kembang Kuning village, Cepogo Sub District of Boyolali District. The research is descriptive with cross sectional approach. Samples collection were conducted by rats survey used  single live trap in the silvatic area.  The results showed  that  rats trap success in Wonodoyo village was 3.8% (38 rats) and 1,1% (11 rats) in Kembang Kuning village. Four kind of silvatic rats were Rattus exulans, R. tiomanicus, Niviventer fulvescens and Maxomys surifer. Most of the rats caught (73.68%) in Wonodoyo Village were infested with fleas, while in Kembang Kuning Village it was 27.27%. All of fleas identified as Stivalius cognatus. The specific and general flea index value of S. cognatus in Wonodoyo Village is 2.66; Kembang Kuning Village is 0.45. Early vigilance is very important to do to prevent the transmission of bubonic plague originating from silvatic rats in Cepogo District, particularly in Wonodoyo Village.
Leptospira pada Tikus dan Badan Air serta Riwayat Penularan Penderita di Daerah Baru Kasus Leptospirosis di Bantul
Authors: Sholichah Zumrotus , Wahyudi Bondan Fajar , Sianturi Corry Laura Junita , Astuti Novia Tri
Published: August 2021

In 2017 leptospirosis cases occur in new areas in Bantul where cases have never been previously reported. Cases still occur in 2018 with an interval of two months after the first case. Preventive and curative efforts in the context of controlling cases have been carried out by the local health office, in addition to these control efforts, it is also necessary to know the presence of Leptospira in rats and water bodies in the area as well as the history of patients transmission. This study was conducted to provide epidemiological data, especially the status of Leptospira in rats as reservoir animal and water bodies as well as a history of patient activity as basic data for leptospirosis control in Gilangharjo Village.  This cross-sectional study was conducted at the case location in RT 03 Jodog, Gilangharjo Village, Pandak District, Bantul Regency, which was conducted in April 2018. Leptospira infection status was carried out on rats and water bodies by molecular examination, while the history of transmission based on interviews with patients and the result of the examination of Leptospira status. Rat species caught were dominated by R.tanezumi, R. norvegicus and B. indica. Positive rat infected with Leptospira were found in B. indica while in water bodies Leptospira contamination was not found. Infected rat can be a source of transmission for humans and other animals. Most of the patient's activities were carried out in the fields and at home, all of the patients had wounds that were not treated, and had a history of contact with rats that might transmit Leptospira to humans.
Efektivitas Tablet Bacillus thuringiensis H-14 Isolat Salatiga terhadap Jentik Aedes aegypti pada Dua Sumber Air yang Berbeda
Authors: Wardani Arum Triyas , Wigati RA. , Rahardianingtyas Esti , Wianto Rendro , Nugroho Arief
Published: August 2021

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a vector-borne disease that is still a health problem in Indonesia. One of the DHF control effort is to control the larvae of the mosquito vector using Bacillus thuringensis H-14. The weakness of this metode is its short residual effect.  This study aims to determine differences in the effectiveness of B. thuringiensis H-14 tested in two different water sources, namely well water and PDAM water in people's houses and its residual effects in the field. The study used a quasi-​experimental, which include laboratory and field experiments in March to September 2017. The research was carried out by producing B. thuringensis H-14 Salatiga isolates in the form of slow release tablets, testing the efficacy and measuring their effectiveness to Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae in two kinds of water sources. The results showed that the content of B. thuringiensis Salatiga isolate in slow release tablets weighing 125 mg was 5 mg. The efficacy test at laboratory scale showed that the LC50 was 0.436 ppm and the LC90 was 2.440 ppm. The effectiveness test in the field of LC50 (PDAM water) is 0.098 ppm and (well water) is 1.909 ppm, while LC90 (PDAM water) is 0.186 ppm and (well water) is 0.909 ppm. The efficacy assay results showed there was no significant difference in the effect of B. thuringiensis tablet between well water and PDAM water. B. thuringiensis H-14 tablets were effective in controlling Ae. aegypti larvae more than 80% until the 7th day in field testing.