bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The case report of the impact of coach self-supportive behaviors on the communication effectiveness with depressed athletes: The mediating role of intrinsic motivation
Authors: Zeng Jing , Liu Kun , Qin Li , Shi Yan
Published: December 2024

Rationale:

Coach autonomy-supportive behaviors are a crucial factor in the communication effectiveness with athletes experiencing depressive moods. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between coach autonomy-supportive behaviors and the communication effectiveness with athletes experiencing depressive moods is of significant importance for promoting effective communication between coaches and athletes. This study employs in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and stepwise regression analysis, using purposive sampling to investigate coaches and athletes experiencing depressive moods from various regions, levels, genders, and sports in China. The study examines the impact of coach autonomy-supportive behaviors on their communication effectiveness, as well as the mediating role of intrinsic motivation variables, measuring and testing these variables.

Patient concerns:

The participants care about whether the coach’s autonomous support behavior can promote communication between them and the coach.

Diagnoses:

The athletes participating in the test have a certain degree of depression.

Interventions:

For these athletes, coaches adopt autonomous support behavior in training practice to support their decision-making and meet their psychological needs.

Outcomes:

Coach autonomous support behavior has a positive supportive effect on the communication effect between athletes with depressive emotions and coaches.

Lessons:

(1) Coach autonomy-supportive behaviors can positively predict the communication effectiveness between coaches and athletes experiencing depressive moods; (2) Intrinsic motivation partially mediates the relationship between coach autonomy-supportive behaviors and communication effectiveness between coaches and athletes experiencing depressive moods. The study concludes that coaches can promote athletes’ intrinsic motivation by supporting and encouraging them to make their own choices and affirming the outcomes of those choices. This approach can alleviate athletes’ depressive moods and foster their willingness to actively communicate and share their feelings with coaches, thereby enhancing communication effectiveness.
Effects of cilostazol on cognitive function and dementia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Xiaofang , Ren Qiuxia , Zhi Jianxia , Chen Quanhui , Luo Kaifa , Yu Liheng , Jiao Shusheng
Published: December 2024

Background:

Cilostazol is an antiplatelet drug and is used for stroke prevention and symptomatic peripheral vascular disease. Studies have reported the effects of cilostazol on cognitive function, but the results are inconsistent and have not been systematically assessed.

Methods:

We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for relevant clinical studies. The primary outcome was the change in Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) scores from baseline to the last available follow-up. The secondary outcome was dementia risk. Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for combining MMSE scores, and the pooled odds ratios and 95% CIs were used to calculate the association between use of cilostazol and dementia risk.

Results:

Overall, 8 eligible studies met inclusion criteria were pooled in meta-analysis. Though with a trend toward favoring cilostazol, the pooled changes in MMSE scores from baseline showed no significant difference in mild cognitive impairment and dementia patients (mean differences 1.02, 95% CI −0.53 to 2.57, P = .195). For secondary outcome, cilostazol reduced the risk of dementia in patients without prior history of dementia (pooled odds ratios 0.90; 95% CI 0.87 to 0.92; P = .000).

Conclusion:

These results suggest the potential for cilostazol treatment in the suppression of cognitive decline and prevention of progression to dementia. However, the lack of blinding in most studies is likely to cause an overestimation of the effect sizes, and further well-designed studies are also needed.
Effect of migration on fertility and family planning: The case of Kayseri in Türkiye
Authors: Doğan Mehmet , Özdemir Fatma , Dağlituncezdi Çam Şeyma
Published: December 2024

Many factors such as religious beliefs, cultural structure, the perspective of the host country toward refugees, and the course of the migration process can affect the family planning and fertility behaviors of refugees. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of Syrian refugee pregnant women in the Kayseri province of Türkiye regarding fertility characteristics and family planning. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 290 pregnant Syrian refugee women. In the study group, 58.3% of the participants were 18 years of age or younger when first married. In the study group, 39.0% had 4 or more pregnancies and the average number of pregnancies was 3.12 ± 1.60. The rate of refugee pregnant women who stated they were undecided regarding the knowledge, attitude, and behavior items about family planning ranged from 33.8% to 72.4%. Of the participants, 22.1% received family planning education. The mean number of pregnancies of the participating women was high. In addition, the rate of undecided respondents was high for the knowledge, attitude, and behavior items related to family planning. In conclusion, fertility behaviors should be planned by expanding family planning services. In this way, negative outcomes, especially in maternal and child health, can be prevented.
Correlation of miRNAs with infarct volume in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review
Authors: Yang Yanmeng , Wang Guangming , Tang Yanlong
Published: December 2024

Background:

Rapid diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains challenging, and reliable biomarkers are needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small noncoding regulatory RNA molecules present in the serum, plasma, and saliva. miRNAs are considered to be sensitive biomarkers of tissue damage because of their high stability and relative tissue specificity. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the correlation between miRNAs and infarct volume in patients with AIS, to provide a basis for predicting ischemic stroke onset and improving prognosis in the clinic, among others.

Methods:

From the search of published Chinese and English literature in PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases up to July 1, 2023, we performed a descriptive summary of the included studies. And use of 12 quality evaluation items and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to assess the quality of included studies.

Results:

This systematic review included 17 studies with articles involving 1443 cases were included in the data extraction for a total of 18 miRNA indicators. Among them, 9 indicators were positively associated with infarct volume in patients with AIS, including endothelial microvesicles-miR-155, miR-146b, miR-181c, miR-182, miR-34a, miR-92a, miR-122-5p, miR-451a, and miR-409-3P.

Conclusions:

This study shows that miRNA can be used as a biomarker for AIS, reflecting the severity of neurological deficits in this patient and providing a basis for clinical judgement of the patient’s prognosis.
Primary sarcomatoid carcinoma of the trachea: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yu Xiuwen , Huang Mingqi , Ge Haiyan , Yang Junjie , Huang Bin , Xu Jialing
Published: December 2024

Rationale:

Primary sarcomatoid carcinoma of the trachea (PSCT) is a rare malignant tumor of the lower respiratory tract. Pathological types of tracheal sarcomatoid carcinoma (TSC)s include pleomorphic carcinomas, giant cell carcinomas, spindle cell carcinomas, pulmonoblastomas, and carcinosarcomas. At present, there are limited reports on PSCT, and pathologists lack sufficient knowledge about it.

Patient concerns:

Here, we report a case of malignant neoplasm involving the left posterior wall of the initial tracheal segment, characterized by atypical spindle cells and a small number of high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.

Diagnosis:

Spindle-shaped cells were moderately heterotypic, with 8/10 nuclear divisions (high-magnification field), and no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the interstitium. Squamous epithelial cells showed moderate-to-severe atypia with regional cytoplasmic transparency. Immunohistochemistry: Fusiform tumor cells expressed vimentin, epithelial markers were negative, the Ki-67 proliferation index was 40%, and epithelial markers were expressed in squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.

Interventions:

After the biopsy diagnosis was confirmed, part of the tumor was removed by tracheoscopy under general anesthesia in the respiratory department of a superior hospital. A pathological diagnosis of TSC was made and local radiotherapy was performed.

Outcomes:

As the tumor could not be completely cured, the patient experienced repeated coughing and shortness of breath and died of the disease 15 months later.

Lessons:

Pathological morphology and immunohistochemical analyses deepen our understanding of the pathological features of TSC and provide a diagnostic reference for clinicians who will encounter such cases in the future.
Severe Epstein–Barr virus encephalitis with peripheral nerve damage: A case report
Authors: Luo Aidi , Li Chang , Zhao Jing , Wu Yujuan , Fu Rong
Published: December 2024

Rationale:

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a B-lymphotropic double-stranded DNA virus. Most people infected with EBV are asymptomatic infection. Its clinical symptoms are rarely manifested as EBV encephalitis, and peripheral nerve damage is even rarer.

Patient concerns:

We report a case of a 49-year-old woman with a history of fever. The initial symptoms were numbness and weakness in the right hand, followed by slurred speech. Electromyography showed severe damage to the median nerve of the right wrist (involving sensory and motor fibers). Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple lesions in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres on T2 FLAIR images, and T1-enhanced images showed abnormal enhancement of the adjacent leptomeninges. Human herpesvirus 4 (EBV) has been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (NGS). After antiviral treatment, the patient’s symptoms continued to worsen.

Diagnosis:

Severe EBV encephalitis complicated with peripheral nerve damage.

Interventions:

Antiviral, hormone therapy.

Outcomes:

At the patient’s condition progressed, a new infarction occurred in the right frontal lobe lesion, with repeated high fever, rapid deterioration of multiple organ function, sudden respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, and death.

Lessons:

In patients with signs of encephalitis, cerebrospinal fluid NGS should be used as early as possible to confirm the diagnosis of EBV encephalitis. Timely and accurate treatment of central nervous system infections is expected to reduce the mortality rate and improve the quality of life of patients in later stages.
Preoperative prediction of microvascular/nerve invasion in locally advanced gastric cancer by differentiation and enhanced CT features
Authors: Ren Xiu-Chun , Liang Pan
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to determine whether differentiation and enhanced CT features can preoperatively predict microvascular/nerve invasion in locally advanced gastric cancer. Retrospective analysis of the CT and pathological data of 325 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer confirmed by pathology in our hospital from July 2011 to August 2023. The patient’s age, gender, tumor location, T stage, N stage, TNM stage, differentiation, Lauren classification, as well as tumor thickness, tumor longest diameter, plain CT value, arterial CT value, venous CT value, arterial phase enhancement rate, and venous phase enhancement rate were assessed. This study included a total of 325 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer and 189 patients (58.15%) with microvascular/nerve invasion. The results of the univariate analysis showed that gender, location, T stage, N stage, TNM stage, differentiation, Lauren classification, tumor thickness, and longest diameter of the tumor were associated with microvascular/nerve invasion (P < .05). Multivariate analysis suggested that TNM stage and differentiation were independent risk factors for microvascular/nerve invasion. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the diagnostic efficacy of the combined parameter of TNM stage and differentiation was better than that of the single parameter, in which area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.819 (95%CI: 0.770–0.867), 66.7%, and 83.8%, respectively. Differentiation and enhanced CT are helpful in predicting whether microvascular/nerve invasion occurs in locally advanced gastric cancer before operation, especially the combined parameters of TNM stage and differentiation.
Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome of pregnancy with acute massive cerebral infarction: A case report
Authors: Hu Xinxing , Liu Meihong
Published: December 2024

Rationale:

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is the most serious type of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) and can be easily confused with other disorders, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombocytopenia syndromes. Timely diagnosis of CAPS poses considerable challenges due to its rarity and the fact that clinicians often lack knowledge of the disease.

Patient concerns:

A 21-year-old patient was 32 weeks and 5 days pregnant when she presented to the hospital with a 7-hour history of sudden onset of left-sided limb weakness with no apparent cause. Lupus anticoagulant and/or anticardiolipin antibodies were positive. Head magnetic resonance imaging + magnetic resonance angiography + diffusion weighted imaging: right temporo-occipital insula, right basal ganglia and bilateral radial corona-hemispheric center showed multiple acute-phase cerebral infarction changes and right middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Diagnoses:

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome.

Interventions:

By intracranial artery thrombectomy and anticoagulation with low-molecular heparin.

Outcomes:

The patient’s left limb muscle strength recovered to grade 5. A healthy baby boy was delivered by cesarean section. Both mother and child are safe.

Lessons:

The rarity of CAPS is such that misdiagnosis often occurs, culminating in serious complications and even death, emphasizing the need for early recognition, timely diagnosis and immediate treatment. In CAPS that improves with treatment, monitoring and prevention of recurrence is also essential.
Temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles morphometry and morphology in healthy subjects and individuals with temporomandibular dysfunction: An anatomical, radiological, and machine learning application study
Authors: Polat Sema , Öksüzler Fatma Yasemin , Öksüzler Mahmut , Çoban Önder , Tunç Mahmut , Yüksel Hazal Duyan , Özşahin Esin , Göker Pinar
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to compare the morphometric and morphologic analyses of the bone structures of temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles on Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 62 healthy subjects and 33 subjects with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMDS) aged between 18 and 56 years. In addition, a machine learning (ML) pipeline involving the Random Forest classifier was used to automatically detect TMDS. Thirty parameters (including age and gender) associated with the condylar process, articular tubercle, mandibular fossa, ramus mandible, joint space, and masticatory muscles were examined using CBCT. Well-known steps including scaling, feature selection, and feature extension are used to build the ML pipeline. Among 30 parameters, angle between mediolateral axes of both the head of mandible, medial pterygoid muscle thickness (PMT), distance between the most superior point of head of the mandible and the mandibular fossa bone surface opposite, medial joint space, lateral joint space, articular tubercle inclination, mandibular fossa depth head of the mandible’s length, and angle between the ramus mandible long axis and the coronal plane values showed significant differences between healthy subjects and TMDS. Additionally, from the above measurements, all parameters (except PMT) were significantly lower in TMDS than in healthy subjects. Moreover, the results show that it is possible to automatically detect temporomandibular dysfunction with an f1-score of 0.967 when arming our ML pipeline with feature selection and extension. The reference values of the condylar process, articular tubercle, mandibular fossa, ramus of mandible, and joint space may play a key role in increasing of the success of the surgical procedure, or the assessment/differentiating of the TMD. ML is capable of detecting TMD in an automatic and highly accurate way. Hence, it is also concluded that ML can be useful for cases requiring making automatic and highly correct predictions.
Relevance of oxidative stress for small intestinal injuries induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: A multicenter prospective study
Authors: Baba Yuki , Kawano Seiji , Takaki Akinobu , Kono Yoshiyasu , Horii Joichiro , Takahashi Sakuma , Kawai Daisuke , Kobayashi Sayo , Okada Hiroyuki
Published: December 2024

Several reports revealed that oxidative stress was involved in the mouse model of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs)-induced small intestinal mucosal injuries. Thus, we aimed to investigate in the prospective clinical study, that the relevance of oxidative stress balance in small intestinal mucosal injury in NSAIDs users. We prospectively included 60 patients who had been taking NSAIDs continuously for more than 3 months and exhibited obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (number UMIN 000011775). Small intestinal mucosal injuries were assessed by capsule endoscopy (CE), and reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) levels and oxidant capacity (OXY) adsorbent test were performed to investigate the relevance of oxidative stress balance. More than half of the patients (N = 32, 53%) had small intestinal mucosal injuries by CE, and 14 patients (24%) had ulcers. The incidence of ulcers was relatively higher in nonaspirin users. Serum OXY levels were significantly lower in the mucosal injury group (P = .02), and d-ROM levels were significantly higher in the ulcer group (P < .01). In aspirin users, d-ROM and OXY levels did not differ significantly with respect to mucosal injuries or ulcers. However, in nonaspirin users, OXY level was significantly lower in the mucosal injury group (P = .04), and d-ROM levels were significantly higher in the ulcer group (P = .02). Nonaspirin NSAIDs-induced intestinal mucosal injury is associated with antioxidant systems, resulting in increased oxidative stress.
Percutaneous nephroscopy combined with ultrasound-guided negative-pressure suction for the treatment of perirenal hematoma
Authors: Zou Zhonglin , Liu Rui , Liu Zhengyu , Deng Yuanzhong
Published: December 2024

Percutaneous renal puncture drainage is needed in patients with perirenal hematoma (PRH, renal around hematoma) with poor conservative treatment. Early and thorough removal of hematoma is closely related to the recovery of patients, but percutaneous renal drainage is not effective in some patients. The clinical data of 5 patients with PRH treated in the first affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2020 to June 2024 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 4 males and 1 female, with an average age of 58 (43–79) years. The hematoma was located on the left in 2 cases and on the right in 3 cases. The average maximum diameter of hematoma was 10.0 (6.4–13.4) cm. There were 2 cases of fever and low back pain. Three cases were complicated with hypertension. Severe hematuria occurred in 1 case. There were 1 case of PRH after rupture of renal tumor, 1 case of PRH after percutaneous nephrolithotomy, 1 case of PRH after percutaneous renal drainage and 2 cases of PRH after ureteroscopic stent implantation. All the 5 patients underwent percutaneous nephroscopy combined with ultrasound negative pressure aspiration under general anesthesia. The operation time, postoperative drainage tube indwelling time, postoperative hospital stay, treatment effect and complications were analyzed. All the 5 operations were completed successfully, including 3 cases of single channel and 2 cases of double channel. The average operation time was (30–90) min, the average postoperative drainage tube indwelling time was 18 (6–30) days, and the average postoperative hospital stay was 15 (6–36) days. Abdominal computed tomography examination before discharge showed that the PRH was significantly reduced or even disappeared. Among them, 1 patient developed thrombocytopenia, which was related to the long-term use of teicoplanin before operation, and there were no serious complications during and after operation. The average follow-up time was 4 (1–12) months, and there was no recurrence of hematoma. Up to now, there is still no ideal treatment for large PRH. Percutaneous nephroscopy combined with ultrasound negative pressure aspiration under general anesthesia might be a feasible method for the treatment of giant renal around hematoma.
IgD-CD38br lymphocyte affect myocardial infarction by regulating the glycerol to palmitoylcarnitine (C16) ratio: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Ying , Ding Shuang , Wang Zhengyan , Li Jingyuan , Jia Yuyan
Published: December 2024

Myocardial infarction, a type of coronary artery disease, results from various factors such as genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, and immune system regulation. The exact causal links between immune cells, plasma metabolites, and myocardial infarction are currently unclear. Therefore, our study employed the Mendelian randomization approach to explore these potential causal relationships. To investigate the impact of immune cells on the risk of myocardial infarction mediated by alterations in plasma metabolite levels, we employed the Mendelian randomization (MR) framework. Our analysis utilized 5 distinct MR techniques (inverse variance weighted [IVW], weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode) to evaluate causal relationships among 731 immune cell types, 1400 plasma metabolites, and myocardial infarction. Genetic instruments for immune cells and metabolites were identified using data from a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the robustness of our results, identify potential heterogeneity, and examine possible pleiotropic effects. IVW results indicated that IgD-CD38br lymphocytes was a risk factor for myocardial infarction, whereas IgD-CD38br lymphocytes also acted as a protective factor against myocardial infarction. Additionally, the glycerol to palmitoylcarnitine (C16) ratio was identified as a protective factor for myocardial infarction. IgD-CD38br lymphocytes could exert a detrimental effect on myocardial infarction by negatively regulating the glycerol to palmitoylcarnitine (C16) ratio, with the mediation effect ratio being 9%. IgD-CD38br lymphocytes potentially increase the risk of myocardial infarction by negatively affecting the glycerol to palmitoylcarnitine (C16) ratio. This finding opens avenues for developing early diagnostic tools and targeted therapies for myocardial infarction.
Unveiling the mystery: Investigating the debate surrounding mitochondrial DNA copy number and Sjögren syndrome using Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhou Jie , Xu Yixin , Wang Haitao , Chen Chao , Wang Kun
Published: December 2024

Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and Sjögren syndrome (SS). However, the conclusions remain inconclusive, with conflicting findings. The genome-wide association study summary statistics for mtDNA copy number were obtained from 2 sources: a cohort of 465,809 White individuals from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium and the UK Biobank, and a dataset of 395,718 UK Biobank participants. Additionally, we obtained 2 sets of genome-wide association study summary statistics for SS through datasets from FinnGen and the UK Biobank, involving a total of 809,836 participants. Furthermore, we conducted a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis, primarily utilizing the inverse variance weighted method, complemented by 4 other validation methods, to explore the association between mtDNA copy number and SS. Following our comprehensive investigation, no discernible causal relationship was identified between mtDNA copy number and SS in either the training or validation cohorts (inverse variance weighted, P 
> .05). Similarly, the reverse Mendelian randomization analysis yielded negative results (inverse variance weighted, P 
> .05). Furthermore, all analyses indicated an absence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Our analysis revealed no causal relationship between mtDNA copy number and SS.
Blood routine test-based biomarkers is related to bone mineral density in elderly patients with chronic heart failure: A retrospective study
Authors: Chen Lan , Xu Fan , Tong Qian , Wang Guofu
Published: December 2024

Background:

Our previous studies suggested that bone mineral density (BMD) correlated with the severity of chronic heart failure (HF) as classified by the New York Heart Association (NYHA) and that blood routine test (BRT)-based biomarkers, including hemoglobin, red blood cells (RBCs), lymphocytes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammation index, were significantly related with BMD in general population.

Objective:

This work aimed to evaluate the relationship between BRT-based biomarkers and BMD in elderly patients with chronic HF.

Methods:

It was a retrospective study. BRT and BMD were measured on the same day. Chi-square analysis and 1-way analysis of variance or the Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to compare categorical variables and continuous variables, respectively. Correlation analysis was performed by the Spearman correlation test.

Results:

A total of 1049 participants were enrolled. Hemoglobin, RBCs, white blood cells, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammation index were significantly different among different NYHA groups. The Spearman correlation test showed that lumbar vertebrae 2-4 (L2–L4) BMD was closely related to hemoglobin and RBC, and that femoral neck BMD was also significantly correlated with hemoglobin and RBC, white blood cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets. Furthermore, stratified analysis in different NYHA classes demonstrated, only in NYHA class I and II groups, hemoglobin was significantly related to L2–L4 and femoral neck BMD.

Conclusion:

BRT-based biomarkers were significantly different among different NYHA groups, which deserves further investigation and application in the future.
Xuebijing and somatostatin against acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and network pharmacology
Authors: Cao Ji-Ping , Piao Xiang-Hua , Zhu Long-Xun , Feng Pan-Feng
Published: December 2024

Background:

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common pancreatic disease. Xuebijing injection (XBJ) combined with somatostatin in the treatment of AP is frequently used in clinical practice. There is, however, a lack of high-quality evidence-based evidence and network pharmacology to regard the therapeutic efficacy and pharmacological mechanisms.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential therapeutic targets and pharmacological mechanism of XBJ in AP using integrating evidence-based medicine and network pharmacology.

Methods:

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Weipu, and Wanfang databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials of XBJ combined with somatostatin (experimental group) versus somatostatin alone (control group) in the treatment of AP were collected. After extracting data from the literature that meets the inclusion criteria, and using the Cochrane Scale to evaluate the quality of the literature, we used Rev Man 5.3.0 statistical software to perform meta-analysis of the effective rate, the disappearance time of abdominal pain and bloating, the recovery of gastrointestinal motility, serum-related indicators, inflammatory factors, ventilator evacuation time, and hospitalization time. A network pharmacology is used to analyze the potential active ingredients and related crucial targets of the XBJ in the treatment of AP, and we explored key regulatory pathways and potential biomarkers related to XBJ for AP with integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Results:

It was significant that the total effective rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group (P < .05). The time of recovery of gastrointestinal motility, serum-related indicators, inflammatory factors, ventilator withdrawal time, and hospitalization time were significantly lower than that of the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P < .05). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, tumor protein P53, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, Jun Proto-Oncogene, SRC Proto-Oncogene, Heat Shock Protein 90 Alpha Family Class A Member 1, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 were identified as the key hub of the protein–protein interaction network according to an analysis of network centrality. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, the main pathways are involved in PI3K–Akt signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

The effectiveness of combination therapy of XBJ and somatostatin on AP is likely to be better than somatostatin. In addition, XBJ and somatostatin synergistically treated AP through a multi-pathway network.
Elevated Cathepsin B enzyme levels: a potential risk indicator for rheumatoid arthritis: Insights from a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Hou Ruolin , Liu Xin , Zhang Changzhen , Cai Shuiqi , Liu Chengyi , Huang Qun
Published: December 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that significantly impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. Observational data have consistently pointed towards an associative relationship between cathepsins and the development of RA. Nonetheless, the establishment of a definitive causal nexus between members of the cathepsin family and the pathogenesis of RA remains elusive. In this study, we harnessed the principles of Mendelian randomization (MR) to interrogate the putative causal association between cathepsins and RA, and a series of sensitivity analyses were used to test the reliability of the MR results. Forward MR analyses substantiated a significant genetic correlation between the genetically predicted levels of Cathepsin B and the predisposition to RA, elevated levels of Cathepsin B exhibit a significant association with an increased risk of RA (OR = 1.0727, 95% CI: 1.0171–1.1314, P = .0098). In the reverse MR and multivariable MR analyses, no significant causal relationship was identified between cathepsins and RA. The findings suggest that Cathepsin B may serve as a biomarker for RA, thereby offering significant implications for the advancement of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the management of RA.
Long-term follow-up after acute mercury poisoning-induced pneumonitis following cinnabar heating: A rare case report
Authors: Nguyen-Dang Khoa , Dau-Nguyen Anh-Thu , Tran-Ngoc Nguyen , Duong-Minh Ngoc , Dang-Vu Thong , Nguyen-Ngoc Sang , Vu-Hoai Nam , Le-Quoc Hung
Published: December 2024

Rationale:

Among 3 forms of mercury, elemental mercury vapor presents the highest threat due to its potential to cause acute pneumonitis. The management of acute mercury vapor poisoning remains unclear, particularly in acute lung injury. We present a case of mercury vapor poisoning resulting from the heating of cinnabar, successfully treated with high-dose corticosteroids and chelation therapy, and follow-up over 6 months.

Patient concerns:

A 47-year-old female patient was admitted to the Emergency Department due to dyspnea, chest tightness, and weakness following cinnabar heating.

Diagnoses:

Upon admission, she presented with tachypnea and respiratory failure. During the first 5 days, the respiratory failure rapidly progressed, requiring high-flow nasal cannula support, and showed no improvement with broad-spectrum intravenous (IV) antibiotics and 80 mg daily IV methylprednisolone. Total blood and urinary mercury levels were measured to confirm the diagnosis.

Interventions:

Upon confirmation of acute pneumonitis due to mercury vapor poisoning, the patient was administered high-dose methylprednisolone (500 mg IV per day) and chelation therapy, which led to subsequent improvement.

Outcomes:

Six months after discharge, the patient completely recovered, as evidenced by chest imaging and pulmonary function tests.

Lessons:

Heating elemental mercury can cause pneumonitis, leading to acute respiratory failure. A detailed history is crucial for diagnosis. High-dose methylprednisolone should be considered in patients who do not respond to lower doses. Patients should be monitored afterward to detect residual pulmonary fibrotic changes.
PLUS-M Mobility Values of Osseointegration Patients: How do Osseointegration Limb Replacement Prosthesis Users Compare to Traditional Socket Amputee Prosthesis Users?
Authors: Page Brian Joseph , Sheridan Gerard A , Greenstein Michael D , Hoellwarth Jason S , Reif Taylor J , Rozbruch S. Robert
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of this study was to compare osseointegration limb replacement prosthesis users (OI-LRPU) to normative published PLUS-M values for traditional socket prosthesis users (TSPU). The secondary aim was to investigate whether patient factors were predictive of PLUS-M scores.

DESIGN

Retrospective review of all patients who underwent OI maintained in a prospectively maintained registry. All patients (N = 63) were invited to complete a PLUS-M survey. 30 patients completed the survey (15 femoral OI, 15 tibial OI).

RESULTS

The OI-LRPU cohort’s composite median scores and inter-quartile ranges for the PLUS-M Raw Score, PLUS-M T-score, and PLUS-M percentile score were 57 (46-60), T-score 62.5 (51.275 – 71.4) and 89.5 (54.95 – 98.4). PLUS-M T-scores were higher in the OI-LRPU compared with the age and etiology matched literature-reported outcomes in TSPU for above-knee (p = 0.027) and below-knee (p = 0.029) amputees. Tibial OI scores were slightly higher than femur OI scores but did not reach statistical significance. PLUS-M raw (p = 0.047) and PLUS-M percentile scores (p = 0.041) were significantly improved for younger patients at the time index amputation. Regression analysis supported this finding.

CONCLUSIONS

OI-LRPU demonstrate improved functional mobility outcome scores relative to TSPU. PLUS-M functional scores were improved for younger patients at time of index amputation.
Association of First Trimester Nuchal Septations With Abnormal Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Duan Yuping , Guo Daoning , Huang Dan
Published: December 2024

This retrospective study included 311 patients who had increased nuchal translucency (NT ≥3 mm) or nuchal septations (NSs) during the first trimester from January 2018 to December 2020. These patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) patients with NT thickness between 3 and 5 mm and without NS (NT 3–5 mm group, n = 131), (2) patients with NT thickness >5 mm and without NS (NT >5 mm group, n = 105), and (3) patients with NS (NS group, n = 75). The incidence of abnormal pregnancy outcomes was 92.0% in the NS group, which was significantly higher (both P's < 0.01) compared with that in the NT 3–5 mm group (57.3%) and NT >5 mm group (75.2%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis illustrated that the sonographic evidence of NS was associated with a higher risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes compared with NT 3–5 mm (odds ratio [OR] = 8.552; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.411–21.441; P < 0.01) and NT >5 mm (odds ratio [OR] = 3.636; 95% CI: 1.391–9.524; P < 0.01). After NT measurement entered the multivariate logistic regression as a continuous confounder, patients with NS were still associated with a higher risk of composite abnormal outcomes compared with those without NS (odds ratio [OR] = 4.820; 95% CI: 1.877–12.380; P < 0.01). In conclusion, the presence of NS during the first trimester was significantly associated with a high risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes.
Restoring naturalness via conjugate fermions
Authors: Angelescu Andrei , Bally Andreas , Goertz Florian , Hager Maya
Published: December 2024

We propose a novel mechanism for canceling the leading order contribution to the potential in composite Higgs scenarios. The mechanism relies on the splitting of a pseudoreal representation of the global symmetry into a complex representation and its conjugate of the unbroken group. We identify two cosets one of which includes a custodial symmetry. A numerical analysis is performed in a phenomenological three-site model and the resulting fine-tuning is analyzed. The canceling of the leading order potential results in a drastic reduction of the fine-tuning. For a symmetry breaking scale of the strong sector as high as f=1600  GeV, fine-tuning can be as good as 10% or even better. We discuss a possible interpretation in the 5D holographic dual. Unique signatures of the model include quarks with baryon number B=2/3 with highly distinctive decays which can be looked for at the LHC.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Probing the effect of microstructural difference of AZ91D magnesium alloys on the corrosion resistance of phosphate conversion coatings
Authors: Zhou Peng , Chen Zikun , Wang Duo , Yu Baoxing , Zhang Chunyan , Zhang Tao , Xiao Jintao , Sun Jingli , Wang Xiaoxue , Yuan Yong , Wang Fuhui
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper was to compare the electrochemical homogeneity of AZ91D after various heat treatment processes, and its influence on the growth, composition, microstructure and corrosion resistance of phosphate conversion coatings.

Design/methodology/approach

The electrochemical activity of different heat-treated Mg alloys was evaluated via scanning vibrational electrode technique; the characterization of the microstructure and phase composition of coatings was conducted using a scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The corrosion resistance was evaluated by electrochemical tests and accelerated neutral salt spray tests.

Findings

T6 treatment increased the electrochemical homogeneity, while T4 treatment decreased the microstructure homogeneity of AZ91D magnesium alloy, due to the existence of residual Al-Mn impurity phase. The phosphate conversion coating (PCC) on T6 heat-treated Mg alloys showed the most compact microstructure and the best corrosion resistance, while the coating on the T4 heat-treated Mg alloy exhibited the worst microstructure and corrosion resistance.

Originality/value

The microstructure and protectiveness of coatings are related to the homogeneousness of Mg alloy: an Mg substrate with a more heterogeneous electrochemical reactivity yields a PCC with less protectiveness, which could be explained by the difference of precipitation kinetics at the metal/electrolyte interface.
The impact of parental stress, executive function and communication skills on challenging behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Ranjbar Fatemeh , Dadgar Hooshang , Azizi Masoud , Dalvand Hamid
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine the concurrent influence of parental stress, executive functions and communication skills on challenging behaviors in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). These behaviors are frequently exhibited by children with ASD and can be attributed to a variety of factors, including the child’s environment and their own level of development.

Design/methodology/approach

The current investigation was cross-sectional. Based on the inclusion criteria, 74 children with ASD were chosen, including those aged 4–7 years and 11 months, those with a moderate level of ASD and those without medical conditions or accompanying issues. Convenience sampling was implemented.

Findings

In children with ASD, challenging behaviors were observed to be significantly correlated with all three factors of parental stress, executive functions and communication skills (p < 0.05). Additionally, the executive functions were the most effective predictor of the frequency of challenging behaviors in these children. Furthermore, parental stress was the most effective predictor of the severity of challenging behaviors.

Originality/value

In previous research, the examination of the concurrent impact of factors that influence challenging behaviors demonstrated by children with ASD was restricted to the child’s level (executive functions and communication skills), whereas environmental factors such as parental stress were disregarded. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first research to look at the concurrent influence of three crucial factors: parental stress, executive functioning and communication abilities on challenging behaviors in children with ASD. The findings suggest that interventions targeting challenging behaviors in children with ASD may benefit from addressing the child’s executive function difficulties and parental stress.
Adaptation to climate change in pastoral communities: a systematic review through a social-ecological lens
Authors: Cho Matilda Azong , Mutanga Onisimo , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to apply a socio-ecological systems framework to demonstrate that pastoral adaptation to climate change necessitates a comprehensive approach.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors evaluated the depth of knowledge regarding pastoral adaptation in Africa using bibliometric and content-based analyses.

Findings

The analysis of 40 eligible articles, conducted through R Studio, revealed a significant emphasis on climate change adaptation measures. However, there was a noticeable scarcity of research on the role of governance, policy and institutional interventions.

Research limitations/implications

The scope of the research is limited to the African continent.

Practical implications

This research shed light on how inadequate governance structures and insufficient institutional support, particularly in terms of skills and capacity-building, hinder pastoral communities’ resilience. These limitations may potentially affect pastoral livelihoods adversely, with severe consequences for food security and poverty levels in Africa.

Social implications

A comprehensive understanding of the challenges pastoralists face in Africa to adapt to climate change will assist in defining high-level policies and interventions to improve pastoral communities’ adaptation actions.

Originality/value

The study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach to ensure a thorough and systematic investigation. Furthermore, using an established framework and clearly defined methods will greatly aid in replicating the research.
Identification of feature selection techniques for software defect prediction by using BCF-WASPAS methodology based on Einstein operators
Authors: Rehman Ubaid ur , Mahmood Tahir
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This research focuses on a very important research question of determining the appropriate feature selection methods for software defect prediction. The study is centered on the creation of a new method that would enable the identification of both positive and negative selection criteria and the handling of ambiguous information in the decision-making process.

Design/methodology/approach

To do so, we develop an improved method by extending the WASPAS assessment in the context of bipolar complex fuzzy sets, which leads to the bipolar complex fuzzy WASPAS method. The approach also uses Einstein operators to increase the accuracy of aggregation and manage complicated decision-making parameters. The methodology is designed for the processing of multi-criteria decision-making problems where criteria have positive and negative polarities as well as other ambiguous information.

Findings

It is also shown that the proposed methodology outperforms the traditional weighted sum or product models when assessing feature selection methods. The incorporation of bipolar complex fuzzy sets with WASPAS improves the assessment of selection criteria by taking into account both positive and negative aspects of the criteria, which contributes to more accurate feature selection for software defect prediction. We investigate a case study related to the identification of feature selection techniques for software defect prediction by using the bipolar complex fuzzy WASPAS methodology. We compare the proposed methodology with certain prevailing ones to reveal the supremacy and the requirements of the proposed theory.

Originality/value

This research offers the first integrated framework for handling bipolarity and uncertainty in feature selection for software defect prediction. The combination of Einstein operators with bipolar complex fuzzy sets improves the DM process, which will be useful for software engineers and help them select the best feature selection techniques. This work also helps to enhance the overall performance of software defect prediction systems.
Continued engagement intention with social media influencers: the role of experience
Authors: Pandit Ameet , McLeay Fraser , Zaveri Moulik M. , Al Mursalin Jabir , Rosenberger Philip J.
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The emergence of social media platforms has revolutionized how brands develop partnerships with social media influencers (SMIs). However, users are seeking more meaningful engagement with SMIs, and little is known about how brands can shift their focus from transient engagements to continued engagement that builds long-term brand–consumer relationships. Extant research has provided inconsistent findings regarding consumer engagement behavior. To address this knowledge deficit, we contribute to the consumer engagement literature by developing and testing a conceptual model that explores and explains the relationships between the factors that influence continued engagement intention (CEI), a form of behavioral intention.

Design/methodology/approach

A literature review was conducted to identify gaps and develop a theoretically informed conceptual model and hypotheses. Survey data from 604 Instagram SMI followers were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling using SmartPLS 3.3.3 to assess the structural model relationships and conduct post hoc analysis.

Findings

The findings suggest that it is important to positively influence consumer responses to elicit CEI. Furthermore, homophily attitudes toward SMIs moderate the relationship between SMI experience and CEI.

Practical implications

Brands must work with SMIs to create positive SMI experiences and develop CEI. Furthermore, SMIs should focus on brands that fit their lifestyles to enhance homophily attitudes and forge CEI.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature by combining social exchange and flow theories to develop and test a holistic framework for examining CEIs regarding SMIs and brands. The findings show that creating positive SMI experiences benefits brands seeking CEI.