bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the levels of Vitamin K2 and Vitamin D3 in women patients with osteoporosis and heart diseases
Authors: E. Majeed Muhannad , Abd-Alwahab Wijdan I. A. , M. Marbut Mousa
Published: January 2024

A Cross-Sectional study that includes an assessment of the relation of the physiological and immunological factors among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and heart diseases who attended Samarra General Hospital in Salah AL-Din Governorate The study started from January 2022 to November 2022 on a study population whose ages ranged from 45-70 years, their total number is 100 women, 25 of whom are healthy women who are considered as a control group, and 75 of them are represented by groups of patients that were distributed into three main groups: 25 women with Heart disease only include myocardial infarction and 25 women with osteoporosis only and 25 women with Heart disease and osteoporosis blood samples were collected from patients and healthy subjects and then serum separated for testing. The present study was designed to obtain more clarification of some Antioxidant changes in women patients with osteoporosis and heart diseases and Body mass index. and find out the role of some Biochemical parameters like Vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 in the serum of women patients with osteoporosis and heart diseases the result of biochemical parameters including Vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 showed significant decreases (P<0.05) in patient groups comparison with the control group.
A review on involvement of gut microbiota in insulin dependent diabetes
Authors: Sarkar Diptendu , Das Kamalesh
Published: January 2024

Type 1 diabetes, which is insulin-dependent, is the most common autoimmune illness in children. It even can cause mortality in young adults. Genetic, epigenetic, as well as external factors all have the potential to influence this illness. This condition may be brought on by a major alteration in the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Recent study data on those with Type 1 diabetes along with additional animal specimens lends more credence to the idea that variations in the overall makeup of the gut microbiome precede the onset of the condition. In this instance our focus is on the correlation underlying alterations in the makeup of the microbiota in the intestines and the onset of Type 1 diabetes, as well as any potential biological causes of this occurrence and evidence-based measures that might be taken to avoid it.
The pecten oculi comparison of the different bird species
Authors: Mahmood rajab Jehan , D. Salman Shaima , Kadhum Yasamin Abdul-amer
Published: January 2024

The pecten oculi is a unique and highly specialized structure found in the eyes of birds. It is a thin, folded, fan-like membrane that extends from the optic nerve region into the vitreous fluid of the eyeball. This membrane is primarily composed of pigment cells, an extensive network of blood vessels, and a thick basal lamina. The pecten's main function is to supply nutrients and oxygen to the retina, maintain the internal eye temperature, and support sharp vision, especially during activities such as migration and hunting. The number of folds in the pecten varies between diurnal and nocturnal birds, with diurnal birds generally having larger and more complex pecten structures. The pigmentation of the pecten, especially at the apical and peripheral regions, plays a role in protecting the blood vessels from UV radiation and oxygen radicals. Different bird species exhibit variations in the number, size, and thickness of pecten folds, reflecting their specific visual requirements. For example, species like the emu have a more primitive, pleated pecten, while birds like the seagull and quail have a greater number of folds and capillaries. Additionally, the presence of melanocytes and their interactions with capillaries and blood vessels contribute to the pecten's structural integrity. The study of the pecten oculi's histology reveals that it is essential for the bird's visual health and can be linked to their lifestyle and environmental conditions. The structure and size of the pecten are tailored to the bird's daily activities, with diurnal birds having larger and more complex pecten structures compared to their nocturnal counterparts. This specialized organ's morphology and vascularization are crucial for delivering nutrients to the retina and protecting it from UV radiation. In summary, the pecten oculi is a remarkable anatomical feature in the avian eye, and its structure and function are closely related to the lifestyle and visual requirements of different bird species. This study provides valuable insights into the diverse adaptations of the pecten across bird species and its significance in maintaining avian visual health.
The role of PET-CT-Scan in the initial staging of lymphoma
Authors: Jabbar Rajaa Aziz , Waheed AL Esawi Riyadh
Published: January 2024

Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission's significance in lymphoma is currently growing. Previous research and literature have shown that FDG-PET has a higher diagnostic and staging accuracy than CT-scan for lymphoma. FDG-PET still has a drawback in the anatomical localization of the pathology. This study's goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) for the initial staging of lymphoma. This prospective study involved 100 patients (39 females and 61 males) with an age rate from 3 to 69 years old (average 38 years). All patients were referred for tomography– computed tomography–computed tomography PET-CT- scan which proved by biopsy as Lymphoma for initial staging with Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose–Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography Scan. The median patient age 38 (range 3 – 69) years, Males dominant represented 61%. Among the studied group, 60 patients had Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and the remaining 40% with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) The mean SUV values were significantly increased with the advancing stage, (P. value 0.008). ROC analysis revealed that SUV was a good predictor of an advanced stage of malignancy, at an optimal cutoff point of ≥ 3 (SUV).
The effect of cross-reactivity on trained innate immunity
Authors: Salih Ali Abeer , Abed Hamzah Mahmood , Abed Saif Mazeel , Alubadi Alia Essam Mahmood
Published: January 2024

Trained immunity is a new concept of innate immune memory which gives enduring protection through developing adaptive features against foreign reinfection, through many studies, when any pathogen invades the human body a series of metabolic alterations occur and lead to epigenetic reprogramming of various transcriptional innate immune pathways due to different types of endogenous and exogenous antigens which have similar epitopes that trigger cross-protective immunity which is represented by the heightened trained innate immune response to various reinfections due to cross-reactivity of these similar epitopes of various antigens by trained innate immune cells specially (monocytes and macrophages), this concept has been used previously unintentionally and currently can be used as potential therapeutic strategies for immunological management of various diseases such as cancer, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and ot
Doctor Patient Type of Language Used and Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence in Kibera Informal Settlement in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Koech Beatrice , Sikolia Geoffrey , Macharia Nancy
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To explore the type of language used on tuberculosis treatment adherence in an informal settlement in Nairobi County, Kenya.

Methodology: This was by a descriptive qualitative research design. The sample size was 67 and comprised 10 healthcare workers and 57 TB patients. Purposive sampling technique was used to sample the participants. The study conducted 37 unstructured in-depth interviews and 3 focus group discussions. Data analysis was conducted by first translating the data, then transcribing the verbatim of the in-depth unstructured interviews and focus group discussions. The transcribed data was later analyzed using thematic analysis. Data was presented using tables, bar charts and pie charts.

Findings: The findings of the study indicated that majority of the tuberculosis patients found that the type of language used by the healthcare workers when communicating with them determined whether they would adhere to treatment or not. If the language used was not well understood by the patient or if the healthcare worker used complex language, then the patient was not likely to adhere to treatment. The findings further indicated that more than half of the patients were fluent in Swahili language while the remaining patients only had basic knowledge of the language. Sixty percent that is 34 of the participants were fluent in Swahili language whereas thirty- eight percent that is 22 patients had basic knowledge of the language, and one did not understand the language and opted to communicate with the help of an interpreter. Seventy percent that is 40 of the patients indicated that when the healthcare workers communicated with them in simple language they were more likely to adhere to TB treatment. Findings from the healthcare workers indicated that Swahili was the preferred language used by both the healthcare workers and the tuberculosis patients. If a patient did not understand Swahili language, the healthcare workers would look for an interpreter who would then translate to the patient the required information. The use of complex medical language was only used when the healthcare workers were communicating amongst themselves.

Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice and Policy: The constructs of the theories informed the study in terms of treatment adherence by emphasizing the benefits of seeking healthcare early. On practice, healthcare workers needed to be aware of type of language used when interacting with their patients as they are likely to affect their patients’ adherence to treatment. Based on these findings, policymakers should ensure that all healthcare workers should use simple language that is, the use of plain common words to make it easier for the patients to understand. In addition, any health messages, appointment cards or any other TB information whether spoken or written meant for the patients, should be designed in a language that is simple for the patient to comprehend.
Educación policial y derechos humanos como capacitación de los oficiales de planta UNES-GUÁRICO
Authors: Pereira Carpio José Gregorio
Published: January 2024

En el contexto del sistema educativo policial de la UNES, deben seguirse implantando injerencia principios y fundamentos legales derivados de la ley de Educación Universitaria de las Leyes de Policía, de los parámetros derivados del Sistema Educativo Policial y de las normas que dan vida a esta casa de estudio. En cuanto a la participación de la directiva y docentes en el proceso de la educación policial y derechos humanos en la Universidad Nacional Experimental de la Seguridad  Centro de Formación Guárico, atribuyen el hecho de que esta institución, debe estar comprometidas en la solución de los  problemas de seguridad que aquejan al país,  contribuyendo a contrarrestar, la violación de los derechos humanos y las libertades públicas; la crisis de los valores ciudadanos, la ausencia de educación cívica; el alto índice de violencia, delitos y contravenciones; la irracionalidad en el uso  de los recursos naturales y las condiciones óptimas de solidaridad entre otras. El propósito fundamental de esta investigación es: Interpretar la educación policial y derechos humanos como componente de capacitación de los oficiales de planta en la Universidad Nacional Experimental de la Seguridad centro de formación Guárico. Es de mencionar que se realizó una investigación cualitativa, cuyo método fue el hermenéutico, donde se utilizó como técnica la entrevista a profundidad, de los datos obtenidos de los sujetos informantes, se realizó un análisis de contenido, categorización, estructuración contrastación y triangulación de donde surgieron los basamentos que dieron origen a la producción científica planteada.
Las TICs en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los estudiantes de educación básica
Authors: Villagómez Ruiz Carlos Arturo , Yugcha Véliz Jhosep Raphael , Zuñiga Delgado Mireya Stefania
Published: January 2024

El desarrollo de la tecnología que vivimos hoy ha afectado el desarrollo de las personas y de la sociedad, y la educación no puede escapar a esta realidad. El uso de la tecnología en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en todos los niveles se ha vuelto esencial bajo la influencia de la pandemia de Covid-19. Por tanto, el propósito general de este estudio es describir la importancia de los tics en el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Para lograrlo se utilizó un enfoque mixto. La encuesta se realizó a 201 participantes, y la muestra incluyó a 134 participantes de instituciones educativas, entre estudiantes de educación superior, docentes, directores de la Escuela Primaria Sebastián Benalcázar del estado de Salitra, Guayaquil para el ciclo escolar 2021-2022. Resulta que el uso de la tecnología es importante porque permite una mejor organización, un uso adecuado de la tecnología y con el conocimiento adecuado se debe poder utilizarla de la mejor manera, entendiendo y gestionando así la controlabilidad. Los requisitos de elementos tan básicos como información, habilidades y hábitos permiten determinar la necesidad de utilizar la tecnología.
Evaluación del aprendizaje: Una hermeneusis desde la formación continúa en la planta profesoral UNES Guárico
Authors: Romero Pérez Rosmelly Rafaela
Published: January 2024

La evaluación se concibe como resultados esperados bajo unos criterios razonables a partir de la realización de unas actividades de aprendizaje, pero como evaluar no es sólo medir en todo proceso evaluativo se precia incorporar una interpretación contextual de la medida en el sentido de que la necesaria objetividad de la medida se conjuga con la valoración en base a la subjetividad e intersubjetividad. Es por ello que se requiere una formación continua dirigida a los docentes. La investigación tuvo como objetivo general: Interpretar la evaluación del aprendizaje desde las competencias y formación continua en la planta profesoral de CEFO UNES Guárico. Dentro del mismo contexto, se orienta en un paradigma la posmodernidad, Existencialista. Enfoque epistémico denominado Postpositivista Interpretativo y el método utilizado fue el Hermenéutico. En relación a los medios de recolección de la información, se utilizó la observación participante, de los datos obtenidos de los 03 actores sociales, se realizó un análisis de contenido, categorización, estructuración, contrastación, triangulación de donde emerge el producto científico final. En consideración a loa actores y el proceso de interpretación se puede decir que la formación continua se convierte en la médula espinal del proceso evaluativo, ya que toma total relevancia al promover en su propuesta un proceso formal, con características idóneas que apoyen a los docentes en los aspectos que requieren fortalecer, ya sea la elaboración de un expediente de evidencias que dé cuenta de la manera en que el docente lleva al aula la práctica educativa y sobre todo de qué manera sus alumnos perciben y se apropian del conocimiento transmitido.
Penerapan Metode Cutting Plane dalam Meminimumkan Biaya Pakan Ikan (Studi Kasus: Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Sumatera Utara)
Authors: Pratama Rahman , Siregar Rosman
Published: January 2024

Dinas Perikanan Dan Kelautan Provinsi Sumatera Utara memproduksi tiga jenis benih ikan yang diberi makan dengan lima jenis pakan yaitu S99, Fengli, CP 781, MS Preo, dan Prima Feed LP. Dinas Perikanan Dan Kelautan tersebut tidak pernah menentukan berapa banyak yang harus disediakan untuk memproduksi benih ikan sehingga harus mengeluarkan biaya yang lebih besar. Agar perusahaan dapat memproduksi pakan ikan dengan biaya yang seminimal mungkin maka akan diterapkan penyelesaian permasalahan tersebut menggunakan model linear programming dan diselesaikan dengan metode cutting plane. Metode ini diselesaikan dengan menggunakan metode simpleks, jika satu atau lebih variabel basis yang memiliki nilai pecahan maka akan ditambahkan kendala gomory. Selanjutnya, diselesaikan dengan metode dual simpleks sampai tidak ada lagi variabel basis yang bernilai pecahan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh bahwa nilai optimal biaya pengeluarannya sebesar Rp. 12.152.000 perbulan.
Problematika Penentuan Hari Tarwiyah dan Arafah dalam Perspektif Ilmu Falak
Authors: Ritonga Marataon , Rakhmadi Arwin Juli , Putraga Hariyadi , Hidayat Muhammad
Published: January 2024

For a long time, Muslims were facing problems related to the determination of the Tarwiyah and the Arafat fasting day. In this case, whether Muslims should follow the Saudi Arabian calendar or the local one. In this study, Muslims differ in opinion, some argue that they should follow the Saudi Arabia calendar and others say that enough to follow the national calendar. The absence of unified calendar resulted in many problems faced by Muslims in assigning their holidays such as Ramadan, Shawwal, and Dhulhijah. To achieve Muslim unification in conducting various religious rituals, Muslims must have a unification dating system in order to realize togetherness in determining the worshipping time. This research is literature research. Thus the data that used in the form of books, journals, and other references. The results concluded that the determination of Tarwiyah and f Arafat Day until now still provides dispute among Muslims, there are those who argue specifically in determining the Dhulhijah beginning must be oriented to the Saudi Arabia kingdom’s determination. While others argue that assigning the worshipping time does not have to follow Saudi Arabia, just adhering to the nation’s determination
Unifikasi Kalender Hijriyah Umat Muslim di Indonesia
Authors: Julianti Alvionita , Tanjung Dhiauddin
Published: January 2024

The debate about the unification of the Muslim Hijriyah calender in Indonesia has often been the subject of controversy throughout the years. These conditions are accurate in accordance with the principles of the Hijri Calender at the time of determining the beginning of the Hijri month. Muslims in Indonesia other than those who have adopted a permanent Hijri calender which is aligned with Shari’a and science.  With this one Hijri calender reference togetherness in worship can be established for all Muslim communities in Indonesia. In Indonesia itself there are several schools and methods to determine the beginning of the Hijri month. Including Nahdathul Ulama and Muhammadiyah in their determination using the reckoning and rukyat methods. The government should organize seminars and national conferences on the unification of the Hijri calender in Indonesia so that the desire for no difference between the determination of the beginning of the month for worship will be formed.
Penetapan Waktu Wajib Zakat Fitrah Dalam Perspektif Fikih dan Ilmu Falak
Authors: Mahzan Mahzan , Ismail Ismail
Published: January 2024

The determination of the mandatory time to issue zakat fitrah has been dominated by the perspective of jurisprudence, even though the time of issuing zakat fitrah is closely related to the Hijri calendar system. Currently, the criteria in the preparation of the Hijri calendar system have varied, in Indonesia alone, there are criteria for the true hisab of the hilal title, there are also the criteria for the true hisab of imkan rukyat, and there are also the criteria for the rukyah hilal. In the perspective of jurisprudence, the mandatory time to issue zakat fitrah is the night of 1 Shawwal for people who live from Ramadan to enter Shawwal, if one of the months is not found, then it is not mandatory to issue zakat fitrah for him. In terms of science, the beginning of the Hijri month is greatly influenced by the criteria used, there are hisab criteria and there are rukyat criteria. It is very likely that there is a difference in the determination of 1 Shawwal between the two criteria. This difference will have an impact on the mandatory time to issue zakat fitrah. This study concluded that the mandatory time to issue zakat fitrah depends on the criteria for determining the beginning of the Hijri month that he believes, so the difference in determining the mandatory time to issue zakat fitrah is very wide open as long as the criteria for the Hijri calendar have not been uniform.
Telaah Terhadap Formulasi Perhitungan Awal Bulan dalam Kitab Klasik al-Mandzumah al-Daliyah Karya Muhammad Faqih Maskumambang
Authors: Muslim Rifki , Izzuddin Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Determining the beginning of the month in Islam indeed occupies a very central position, because with this determination Muslims can carry out a ritual of worship in a certain month with reverence. The determination of the beginning of the month is inseparable from the role of the ulema who has expressed his thoughts in his work which specifically discusses the determination of the beginning of the month. Many methods have been adopted by the scholars in expressing their thoughts, ranging from simple methods that produce inaccurate calculations, to complex and detailed calculations that produce accurate calculations. Of course these scholars rely on clear sources with their scientific sanad. One of the scholars who expressed his thoughts on determining the beginning of the month was Kyai Faqih Maskumambang which he put in his book entitled al-Madzumah al-Daliyah fi Ma'rifati awail al-asyhuri al-Qamariyah. This study explores the calculations in the book, with the formulation of the problem: how are the calculations in the book al-Mandzumah? And examine what the advantages and disadvantages of the book. The results of this study found that the calculations are simple (urfi) while the advantages are easy to learn and understand. The drawback is that there is no detailed correction so that the calculation results are not very accurate
Unifikasi Kalender Rasydhul Qiblah Harian Wilayah Sumatera Barat
Authors: Sakirman Sakirman
Published: January 2024

Part of one of the obligatory conditions that must be fulfilled when Muslims perform the prayer service is facing the face and all members of the body towards the Qibla. The main problem with Qibla's direction is the long distance between the Kaaba and the mosque as a place of worship for Muslims. West Sumatra is an area thick with religious nuances, there are many mosques as places of worship for Muslims. So, the Qibla direction of the mosque must be accurate with the Kaaba. One method that can be used is to use the sun's shadow reflected by an object. The utilization of sunlight in determining the Qibla direction with this model is known as Rashdul Qiblah. This paper examines the importance of the unification of the Rasydhul Qiblah calendar with the central point of the district capital and the center of the regional capital of West Sumatra. The validity of the rashdul qiblah calendar at the center of the regency capital in the West Sumatra region can be used by the districts within it. This type of research is field research using a descriptive-analytical model. The results of a study of areas located in the center of the district capital of West Sumatra show that the timing of the implementation of the rashdul qiblah for the districts covering the center of the district capital has a time difference that can still be tolerated.
Syahādah Hilal Non Muslim dalam Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif Indonesia
Authors: Zulfiah Zulfiah , Idrus Husni
Published: January 2024

Indonesia is a country that regulates religious life as reflected in the first principle of Pancasila. One of the religious lives regulated by the state is determining the start of the month of Ramadan and two holidays. The determination of the start of the months of Ramadhan, Shawwal and Zulhijjah is determined through an isbat session held by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. The isbat session was held after the hilal rukyah team carried out hilal rukyah at the agreed rukyat locations from Sabang to Meurauke. Through a descriptive juridical approach, this research tries to find the position of non-Muslim crescent testimony in determining the beginning of the month in Indonesia. From existing data sources it can be concluded that the shahadah of non-Muslims can be accepted as an assistant, not as a determinant in determining the start of the Hijriah month.
TM. Ali Muda (w. 2005 M) Karya dan Kontribusinya dalam Bidang Ilmu Falak
Authors: Rakhmadi Arwin Juli , Kasduri Mario , Qorib Muhammad , Ritonga Habibullah , Fanreza Robie , Cemda Abdul Rahman
Published: January 2024

TM. Ali Muda is a North Sumatran astronomy figure who came from Aceh. His work and contribution in the field of astronomy is beyond doubt. His thinking in the matter of determining the beginning of the month is to combine calculations and field observations. However, the tendency of his calculation (hisab) is also quite dominant which is shown by his analysis in various issues of celestial jurisprudence. Meanwhile, in the matter of matlak and Eid al-adha, the hajj-related services whose implementation is only in Mecca, according to him, are obliged to hold on to the matlak of Mecca, while those whose implementation is not only in Mecca are obliged to hold on to their respective matlak
Dyslexia and Inclusion: Triple R Model for Teaching Vocabulary to Dyslexic and Regular English Language Learners Co-Existing in the Mainstream Classroom. (Case Study)
Authors: Bhawani H. W. , Willaddara N.
Published: January 2024

Dyslexia is a learning disability that primarily affects language skills such as reading, writing, and spelling. Due to the lack of awareness and expertise on the condition, dyslexic learners face numerous academic, social, and emotional complexities. The purpose of this case study was to design an instructional model to teach vocabulary to both dyslexic and regular ELLs in the mainstream classroom. To develop the instructional model secondary and primary data were collected. Foe the primary data collection two subject matter experts, experienced teachers, and dyslexic learners were selected employing purposive sampling and data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. This study resulted in proposing the Triple R model; an original instructional model designed by the researcher. The findings of the study revealed several objectives an instructional model to teach both dyslexia and regular ELLs in the mainstream classroom should achieve, Further, findings also proposed that information processing theory, a right-brain approach, dyslexic and inclusive strategies would be beneficial to develop an instructional model. Finally, the Triple R model was developed by the researcher taking the challenges, needs, and goals of dyslexic learners into account and incorporating information processing theory, a right-brain approach and dyslexic-friendly, and inclusive strategies emerged in the data analysis. In mainstream English classrooms where the dyslexic population does not benefit from regular teaching methods teachers, schools, and educational decision-makers can adopt the Triple R model to help both regular and dyslexic ELLs simultaneously.
Human Resources Planning in the Organization Goal Achievement at Achievers University Owo
Authors: OLADIMEJI Bayode Samue , OLORUNFEMI Ifedayo Ade , OLANITORI Idowu Paul , BOLANLE Olasoji Margaret
Published: January 2024

Human resource planning is unique and greatest imperative human resource practice in an organization. Organizations depend on abundant of human resource planning to control their current position and future needs of manpower. The purpose of this research was to examine the human resources planning in Achieving Organizational Goals at Achievers University Owo by reviewing different literature on human resource planning. This research reviews the literature relating to human resource planning and it focuses on the objectives of human resource planning with focus on key structure that bring human resource planning and reputation of human resource planning to the organization, therefore, the research hired Logit Regression Technique with long likelihood (dichotomous variable) that age and educational level of employees determine organisation goals to be achieved. Ninety (90) questionnaires were served on Achievers University Staff to get data for the work (making the sample size). The findings depicts that impact of age and educational level of employee felt in line descriptive knowledge of human resources managers and key strategies decision making can predict how organisational goals wave with level of education put in place by employees that had been hired/employed/recruited into that organisation also, study has showed that Achievers University Owo, Ondo state, can harness more from the little human resources at her disposer by exposing deeper knowledge about the institution goals to employees and keying them along the system which will bring proper planning and long run achievement to the school and products coming out of it.
Sustainability Reporting and Financial Performance of Oil and Gas Companies Listed in Nigeria
Authors: OKUTU Nelson , ADEGBIE Folajimi F.
Published: January 2024

“Financial performance (FP) is a subjective measure of how well a firm can use assets from its primary mode of business and generate revenues. The term is also used as a general measure of a firm’s overall financial health over a given period.” A company’s financial performance refers to its health as a whole and the money it makes from its operations. Allocating resources effectively to meet objectives and boost profits is at the heart of this practice. The integrity of Nigeria’s oil and gas data relies on it completely. The sustainability of oil and gas in Nigeria is becoming questionable due to environmental factors that were not properly accounted for, and this prompted the researcher of this study to zero in on the effect of corporate social responsibility on the bottom lines of Nigeria’s publicly traded oil and gas firms. This study used an ex-post facto method for its research, using data from secondary sources such as annual reports and the Nigerian stock market. Inadequate CSR reporting and a failure to adequately reflect the financial performance of listed oil and gas firms have been noted in numerous works of literature. Using panel data analysis, the research correlated CSR reporting with the profitability indicators return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and return on capital employed (ROCE) of publicly traded oil and gas firms. This study looks at 10 Nigerian oil and gas firms that are traded on public markets. A filter was used with a census sampling strategy. Firms that (1) were permitted to trade before January 1, 2010, or (2) are still listed as of December 31, 2020 are eligible for review. In addition, the organization must publicly disclose yearly reports pertinent to the time under investigation. As a result of not meeting these criteria, four of the original eight firms were eliminated. Secondary sources were consulted to get the data needed. EViews 10, a statistical programme, was used to analyze the data for this research. The regression analysis showed that CSR reporting increases ROA by a small but favourable amount. The return on equity, however, was shown to be positively correlated with environmental sustainability. Finally, a statistically insignificant positive correlation was found between social sustainability and return on investment (ROI). Therefore, this study concludes, based on the data provided, that sustainability reporting significantly affects the company’s financial performance for listed oil and gas businesses in Nigeria. Based on the findings of this study, oil and gas companies in Nigeria should make public disclosure of their sustainability efforts a top priority if they want to improve their bottom lines. Compliance in the industry as a whole can be improved if policymakers and standard-setting organizations work together to make it easier for industries to design and execute sector-specific reporting regulations.
Exploring Hurdles in Elevating Social Studies Education: Unravelling the Assessment Conundrum at St. Peters ‘B’ Junior High School
Authors: Kwame Edmond , Tawiah Amable
Published: January 2024

The study sought to examine the challenges facing assessment techniques in the teaching Social Studies in Nsoatere Community JHS in. The research design selected for the study was descriptive survey. The data collection was questionnaire. The population for the study consisted of Social Studies teachers. A population of 15 were all included in the study through census method. The key findings of the study according to the specific objectives were: Social Studies teachers practice formative assessment, insufficient time for assessment is the major challenge facing Social Studies teachers and students are unable to realise their mistakes due to absence of feedback. From the finding these conclusions were made according to the specific objectives: teachers focused on the type of assessment that leads to clarification and modification of teaching methods, insufficient time for assessment prevents Social Studies teachers from using appropriate assessment procedures and tools for conducting good assessment and teacher’s assessment and evaluation procedures in Social Studies in the JHS are not valid and reliable. These recommendations were made: Social Studies teachers at the JHS should also consider the other types of assessment procedures, heads of schools are to make sure Social Studies lessons are given more ample time to aid assessment in the subject and Social Studies teachers should make sure any assessment and evaluation procedures and tools used in Social Studies in the Junior High School are valid and reliable as they promote feedback.
THE DEGREE OF POSSESSION OF FUNCTIONAL LANGUAGE SKILLS AMONG STUDENTS WITH MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES IN SPECIAL EDUCATION SCHOOLS IN THE STATE OF KUWAIT
Authors: Fahad AL-MALAABI Fahad
Published: January 2024

The study aimed to identify the degree to which students with intellectual disabilities in special education schools in the State of Kuwait possess functional language skills. The study used the descriptive survey method. For the purposes of the study, a questionnaire consisting of (24) items was prepared, divided into four domains: functional listening, functional speaking, functional reading, and functional writing. It was distributed to a sample of students with intellectual disabilities in the State of Kuwait, which amounted to (156) male and female students, who were answered by their teachers. The results of the study showed that the estimates of the degree of possession of functional language skills among students with intellectual disabilities in special education schools in the State of Kuwait, the functional language skills were average in all domains. In light of the results, the study recommended the need to use various educational programs in order to develop the language skills of students with intellectual disabilities
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING IN INTERPRETING LEARNING BEHAVIOR
Authors: RAHMAOUI Souad
Published: January 2024

The individual learns through the classical link, procedural and conjugation, by trial and error, clairvoyance, imitation, motivation, goal, etc., and we will focus on addressing this intervention on the classical conditioning and how it occurs according to its laws. The classical stipulation, represented by the Russian psychologist Pavlov, who conducted many experiments on animals and observed that animals respond to the natural stimulus (food, for example) by drooling, and if food is accompanied by another stimulus such as light or the sound of a bell for a relatively long period of time, its saliva will descend when ringing the bell or lighting the lamp, which is considered an abnormal stimulus (conditional) for drooling. One of the characteristics of this learning is that it turns off, that is, it may disappear after a while, but it can return spontaneously
Learning Stress as Perceived by Students and Coping Strategies Adopted by Them to Overcome It in Selected Nursing College of Haldwani
Authors: Rawat Varsha , Parashar Anil Kumar , Negi Uma , Soyam Dayabati , Sharma Maneesh
Published: January 2024

Stress is a feeling of emotional and physical tension that can occur at any event which makes students feel frustrated, angry, nervous and anxious. Nursing students are always at risk of stress because they are being a part of skill training programme and provide direct care to the patient. Whereas, learning stress is mental distress for students with anticipated disappointment associated with failure to expected academic performance and also ignorance to the possibility of such failure. The present study aimed to compare the learning stress as perceived by Nursing students and coping strategies adopted by them to overcome learning stress in a selected nursing college of Haldwani. Nainital, Uttarakhand. Quantitative research approach with descriptive comparative design was used. The simple random sampling technique was used for selection of 94 BSc Nursing 2nd year students. Data collection questionnaire consisted of demographic variable a structured stress scale developed after focus group interview to assess learning stress, and modified CIS to assess coping strategies adopted by nursing students. The result revealed that maximum (n=36, 76.60%) of nursing students were within the age group of 18-21 year. Maximum (n=40, 81.10%) were female, most of nursing students (n=22, 46.80%) lived in hostel. Overall perceived stress of learning stress among nursing students was at moderate level. Nearly 81.10 percent students in college A fell in moderate level of learning stress whereas, college B students had 93.60 percent moderate level of learning stress. The findings related coping strategies adopted by nursing students of college A and college B were inadequate. Comparing the level of stress between two colleges, the mean and SD value of college A nursing students was 159.04±31.55 and for college B students it was 165.55±26.04, with the mean difference of 6.51 which was statistically not significant at p≤0.005. To conclude, nursing students encounter moderate to high level of learning stress and also adopted different coping strategies. However, management should take measure to overcome academic stress by taking stress manag
Knowledge and Attitude of Mothers regarding Nocturnal Enuresis and its Management among Primary School Children
Authors: MP Chavadannavar
Published: January 2024

A descriptive study was conducted on knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding nocturnal enuresis and its management among primary school children. The target population was mothers of primary school children. Convenient sampling technique was used to select 100 mothers of primary school children at selected areas of Hassan. The self administered structured questionnaire and attitude scale was designed to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding nocturnal enuresis and its management among mothers of primary school children. Overall findings of the study clearly showed that 55 percent of the mothers had inadequate knowledge and 91 percent of the mothers had neutral attitude regarding nocturnal enuresis and its management. There is a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (r = +0.184). There is no significant association between knowledge and attitude with selected socio demographic variables. Regarding the demographic variables, 51 percent of them were in age group of 26-30 years, all were Hindus and married, majority (81%) of sample had secondary education, 76 percent of samples were housewife, majority (75%) were belongs to nuclear family, 72 percent of samples had two children, and 78 percent of them had information from relatives, friends, neighbors. The overall mean knowledge and attitude scores were 48.30 percent with SD 3.441 and 68.65 percent with SD 5.81 respectively
A Study to Assess the Level of Student Empowerment and Explore the Challenges and Perceived Barriers among Undergraduate Nursing Students in a Selected College of Nursing
Authors: Sharma Mahima , Sharma Pranjal
Published: January 2024

Student empowerment is the process in which the learner attains the ability to direct one’s own self and utilises it to make independent decisions which bring out the benefit to the individual as well as to the society. Student nurses are the future of the healthcare system, who need to be motivated to steer the wheels of learning. In this process of learning a teacher plays a vital role in inculcating the ability to choose and drive self-decision power. A cross sectional descriptive design was adopted to assess the level of empowerment, challenges and perceived barriers using purposive sampling technique. The study was performed in 1st and 2nd semester nursing students in 3rd and 4th year of College of Nursing AFMC. The study demonstrated no low level of empowerment while 5.83 percent were moderately empowered and 96.16 percent students were highly empowered, which is inconsistent with other studies, majority of which showed moderate level of empowerment. The reason behind high level of student empowerment can be that it was conducted in Category A, NAAC-accredited premier nursing institute. As the study showed high level of empowerment, further research is needed on a larger scale to assess level of empowerment and challenges faced in order to develop measures and strategies to enhance the level of empowerment among nurses. Such students show job satisfaction, productivity and high standards of nursing care.
Amatör Erkek Basketbol Oyuncularında Tüm Vücut Vibrasyon Egzersizlerinin Spor Performansı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Van Der Veer Pınar , Kardeş Kübra , Büyük Cemre , Tanrıverdi Pervin , Nidal Lamia , Attar Youssef
Published: January 2024

Basketbol, oyuncuların spor ile ilişkili özel beceri ve yeteneklere sahip olmasını gerektiren bir spor dalıdır. Fiziksel performansı geliştirmek için tüm vücut vibrasyonunun (TVV) atletler üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmış ancak bunun basketbol oyuncularının ısınma programına eklediğinde ortaya çıkan etkisi yeterince incelenmemiştir. Bu çalışmada, ısınma programına eklenen TVV aleti ile yapılan egzersizlerin, amatör basketbol oyuncularının performansını oluşturan kuvvet, endurans, zıplama, çeviklik, hız ve basketbola özgü şut performansı gibi parametrelere olan etkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya yaş ortalamaları 19,59 olan 17 amatör erkek basketbol oyuncusu dahil edildi. Katılımcıların sosyodemografik bilgileri ve antropometrik ölçümleri kaydedildi. Sporcuların alt ekstremite kas kuvveti handheld dinamometre ve vertikal sıçrama testi, esneklikleri otur uzan testi, enduransları Beiring Sorenson testi, çeviklikleri T testi, hızları 10 metre sprint testi, isabetleri AAHPERD şut performans testi ve kavrama kuvvetleri jamar ile ölçüldü. Basketbolcular, 4 hafta boyunca, rutin ısınma programına eklenen TVV ile squat, şınav ve lunge egzersizlerini yaptılar. Uygulanan 4 haftalık program sonrasında TVV’nin quadriceps femoris (p=0,001), tibialis anterior (p=0,002), gluteus maximus (p=0,019), gluteus medius (p=0,003), gastrosoleus (p=0,006), rectus abdominis (p=0,040) ve el kavrama (p=0,006) kuvvetlerini arttırdığı bulundu. TVV’nin performansı gösteren T testi (p=0,047), vertikal zıplama (p=0,008) ve Y denge testi (sol posteriolateral p=0,008, sağ posteriomedial p= 0,019) sonuçlarına da anlamlı katkısı olurken esneklik, endurans, hız ve basketbola özgü şut performansı sonuçlarına etkisi görülmedi (p>0,05). Çalışmamızın sonucunda TVV’nin kas kuvvetine etkisi görülürken basketbola özgü performansa ait değerleri geliştirmediği gösterilmiştir. Bu nedenle TVV’nin performansa uzun süreli etkisinin araştırılması gerekmektedir.
Preparation And Characterization of Adsorbent From Leather Off-Cuts: A Potential Wastewater Decontaminant
Authors: Anas Muhammad Lawan , Paschal Feka Danauta , Ojochenemi Alpha Samuel , Cynthia Benjamin
Published: January 2024

The preparation and characterization of Adsorbent from leather off-cuts was prepared by cutting the off-cuts and then pulverize into powder using grinding. The treatment which was used to characterized the leather off-cuts in NaOH, EDTA, and H2SO4  at different molarity, subsequent characterization using FTIR was done. The result obtained varies at different molarity treatment. The NaOH treatment shows a progressive reduction to amine absorption of dechroming frequencies of 3254.61 CM-1, 3247.20 CM-1, 2917.61 CM-1, 2918.30 CM-1, 2917.63 CM-1 correspond to 0.2M, 0.4M, 0.6M, 0,8M, and 1.0M respectively. For H2SO4 , a similar trend was observed with a little fluctuation in the absorption band. For EDTA, the absorption from 3525.91 CM-1 , 3366.53 CM-1, 3522.24 CM-1 and 3517.45 CM-1 respectively was observed.
Improving Students' Reading Comprehension of Narrative Text Through Problem Based Learning
Authors: Rianti Rianti , Yuniati Mira , Tandiana Soni T , Muzdalipah Ipah , Supriyono Yusup
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted to improve students' reading comprehension of English narrative texts through problem-based learning at SMAN 5 Tasikmalaya Class X in the 2022/2023 academic year. This research is concerned with how using problem-based learning can improve students' reading comprehension of narrative texts. This research uses classroom action research. This is carried out in two cycles. Data can be classified into qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data was analyzed using observation and interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed using students' pretest and posttest scores. Based on qualitative data, this research found that the use of problem-based learning can effectively improve students' reading comprehension. Students can obtain information from the text well. The reading text provided can make students feel interested and can improve their ability to analyze the text. As a result, they perform better understanding. The findings of this research are also supported by the results of the average student reading comprehension score which increased well from 68 in cycle I to 80 in cycle II. In short, the use of problem-based learning can improve students' reading comprehension of narrative texts.
Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi melalui Tugas Membaca: Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Desain Pembelajaran
Authors: The Hery Yanto
Published: January 2024

Studi kasus ini melihat pengaruh pembelajaran berbasis tugas terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi (HOTS) mahasiswa pada tugas mata kuliah Desain Pembelajaran. Mahasiswa menyelesaikan tugas dalam bahasa Indonesia setelah mempelajari modul dalam bahasa Inggris atau dengan menerjemahkannya ke bahasa Indonesia. Empat puluh tujuh mahasiswa berpartisipasi dalam proses pembelajaran. Mahasiswa melakukan refleksi belajar setelah mengerjakan tugas untuk mengevaluasi HOTS. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis tugas memiliki dampak yang positif terhadap HOTS. Membaca secara ekstensif, dengan atau tanpa bantuan alat penerjemahan, dapat meningkatkan pemahaman. Tes objektif yang dirancang dengan baik memberikan evaluasi yang efektif terhadap pemahaman konsep. Refleksi menunjukkan tantangan yang dihadapi siswa dalam pembelajaran, menggarisbawahi pentingnya membaca komprehensif dan membaca berulang-ulang agar dapat berhasil menyelesaikan tugas. Penelitian ini memperkuat bukti bahwa pembelajaran berbasis tugas dapat meningkatkan HOTS, menunjukkan manfaat menyeluruh dari membaca komprehensif dan perlunya evaluasi yang dirancang dengan baik serta evaluasi diri.