bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Middle Powers Revisited: “Good Citizens” of the World Majority
Authors:   Leading Researcher, Institute for International Studies, MGIMO University, Silaev Nikolai Yu.
Published: October 2024

Recent international developments have given new relevance to the concept of middle power and necessitated its clarification. The states of the World Majority, with their growing potential and desire for a role in shaping the international order, could be termed as new middle powers or—to adapt an originally liberal metaphor of “good international citizens” to the new global reality—as good citizen of the World Majority. The list of new middle powers is potentially unlimited, with World Majority citizenship open to anyone ready to accept it.
Five Years Without the INF Treaty: Lessons and Prospects
Authors:   Research Fellow, Institute for International Studies, Department of International Relations and Foreign Policy of Russia, MGIMO University, Chekov Alexander D.
Published: October 2024

This article focuses on regional ground-launched missiles in the context of the Russia-U.S.-China strategic triangle. It studies the bilateral nature, limited scope, and asymmetric limits/ reductions of the INF Treaty; considers the military and symbolic significance of regional ground-launched missiles in comparison with their sea- and air-launched counterparts; and examines the reasons for the INF Treaty’s termination, future U.S. deployments, and Russian and Chinese responses. In conclusion it describes two possible U.S. deployment scenarios and analyzes possibilities for minimizing the unfolding arms race.
Evaluation of Tumour-Associated Macrophages and Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Expression in Invasive Breast Carcinoma and Their Association with Prognostic Parameters
Authors: Ahmad Affandi Khairunisa , Sediqi Mohammad Faiq , Muhammad Naznin , A. Talib Norlelawati , Che Al Hadi Shahidah , Abdullah Suhaila
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Recent breast cancer research has focused on tumour microenvironment (TME). Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the key players in TME as they provide pro-tumorigenic milieu for tumour progression and metastasis. These macrophages are primarily regulated by colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) secreted by breast cancer cells. This study investigated the association of localization of TAMs infiltration within breast carcinoma and CSF-1 expression by cancer cells with the pathological prognostic parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TAMs were assessed in 128 cases of invasive breast carcinoma by CD163 immunohistochemical expression. The median TAM density in both the tumour nest and tumour stroma was utilized to classify TAMs into categories of low and high infiltration. The cancer cells were immunostained with anti-CSF-1 antibody and the staining intensity was evaluated as low or high expression. RESULTS: High nest and stromal TAMs were associated with higher tumour grades (p=0.005 and p=0.0001, respectively) whereas only high stromal TAMs showed significant association with negative oestrogen and progesterone receptors status (p=0.001 and 0.001, respectively); and triple-negative subtype (p=0.002). High CSF-1 expression was significantly associated with high stromal TAMs (p=0.031). High CSF-1 expression was associated with tumour grade and positive HER2 status (p=0.008 and 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSION: TAMs in tumour nest and stroma showed varying degrees of association with the clinicopathological parameters. High CSF-1 expression was associated with unfavourable prognostic parameters. Therefore, the evaluation of TAMs and CSF-1 expressions could potentially serve as prognostic markers and cellular targets for novel treatment modality in invasive breast cancers.
The Management Outcome of Heart Failure Reduced Ejection Fraction with or without Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor
Authors: Suliman Ayman , W. Isa Wan Yus Haniff , Wu Jin Teng
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure is associated with recurrent admission, higher mortality and low quality of life. Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) is a novel agent that has been used for treating heart failure reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients. Thus, it is interesting to evaluate the effect of ARNI on the reverse cardiac remodelling, rehospitalization, cardiac biomarker and quality of life in HFrEF patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case controlled study was conducted to assess the treatment outcome of HFrEF with or without ARNI. During the study, the patients’ basic demography, co-morbidities, baseline echocardiography (ECHO) findings, NYHA classification, NT-pro BNP levels and KCCQ score were evaluated. The patients’ admission history within 90 days from initiation of ARNI or non ARNI were obtained retrospectively. A follow up ECHO was obtained after at least 3 months of intervention. RESULTS: A total of 81 patients were recruited in which 54 patients were on ARNI and 27 were on non ARNI treatment. There was a statistically significant improvement of ejection fraction, left ventricular internal diameter end diastole and systole, and left ventricular end-systolic volume in ARNI group. The NYHA class was also noted to improve after ARNI treatment. The NT-proBNP value was lower whereas the KCCQ score was higher in ARNI group compared to non ARNI group. CONCLUSION: HFrEF patients with ARNI treatment had better reverse cardiac remodelling effect, cardiac biomarker and quality of life compared to non ARNI treatment. Furthermore, patient received ARNI demonstrated improved heart failure classification after treatment
Prevalence of the Unmet Needs and its Predictors among Working Mothers of Children with Epilepsy Attending Specialist Hospitals in Kelantan
Authors: Abdullah Noor Aida , Bakar Raishan Shafini , Ab Rahman Azriani , Sukeri Surianti , Yahaya Nor Azni
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Unmet needs arise when everyday assistance is lacking. Epilepsy's unpredictability creates significant work-family conflict for working women, potentially leading to increased unmet needs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the factors related with the unmet needs of working mothers with children with epilepsy (CWE) in Kelantan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A crosssectional study using the validated Malay version of the Family Needs Survey questionnaire was conducted among 204 working mothers aged 18 to 60 of CWE attending specialist hospitals in Kelantan. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: The highest unmet need was for community services (81.6%), followed by information (71.9%), social support (53.1%), financial (43.2%), explaining to others (28.9%), and family functioning (28.4%). Having follow-ups at tertiary hospitals reduced the unmet need score for information (B=-0.669, 95%CI=-1.276,0.081, p=0.021) and social support (B=-1.454, 95%CI=-2.225, -0.683, p=<0.001). Living in nuclear types of family reduced the unmet need score for community services (B=-0.669, 95%CI=-1.276,0.081, p=0.021) and information (B=-1.216, 95%CI=-1.965,-0.466, p=0.002). Working in the government sector increased the unmet need score for social support (B=0.437, 95% CI=0.062, 1.454, p=0.033). Full-time employment (B=-0.761, 95%CI=-1.244,-0.279, p=0.002) reduced the unmet need score for family functioning. Contract employment status (B=0.566, 95%CI=0.074,1.058, p=0.024) increased the unmet need score for family functioning. CONCLUSION: Mothers of CWE working in the government sector, under contract employment, and seeking follow-up care in secondary hospitals were related to higher unmet needs. The study findings may assist policymakers in introducing a child-friendly employment policy and flexible working arrangements among working parents of children with chronic illnesses such as epilepsy.
Upregulation Mechanism of CCND1 in Apoptosis on MCF-7 Cell Line upon Treatment with Quranic Verses
Authors: Wan Taib Wan Rohani , Syed Bidin Sharifah Norshah Bani , Tuan Johari Syed Ahmad Tajudin , Umar Roslan , Ismail Imilia
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Ruqyah Shar'iyyah, one of the complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has shown therapeutic benefits in breast cancer by utilizing Quranic verses in reducing symptoms and enhancing their quality of life as a result of invasive standard therapies. However, scientific evidence is required to demonstrate Ruqyah Shar'iyyah's effectiveness on gene expression and molecular pathways in carcinogenesis. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Ruqyah Shar’iyyah on breast cancer cell line on apoptosis and CCND1 expression in related signaling pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS : MCF-7 cell lines were treated with direct recitation of several Quranic verses for 12 hours and 24 hours. Cell viability was observed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The expression of CCND1 was determined using RT-qPCR technique. The molecular mechanism and signalling pathways were evaluated using Reactome database for in silico analysis. RESULTS: Cell viability data showed 95.69% and 93.54% exhibiting slight reduction for 12-hour treatment in untreated and treated MCF-7, respectively. Meanwhile more reduction was observed in 24-hour treatment with 95.11% in untreated cell line as compared to 92.34% in treated cell line. The cell morphology also exhibited apoptotic activity in the treated group for both two time points. Gene expression analysis of CCNDI also demonstrated upregulation with 1.81-fold change. The data was supported by the in-silico analysis in which 25 relevant significant signalling pathways related to CCND1 highlighting the role of the gene in breast cancer development. CONCLUSION: CCND1 may have a function in signalling pathways that control the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells.
REPRODUCING THE HUMANITIES
Authors: Merican Ahmad Murad
Published: October 2024

The paper seeks to examine the corpus of Mevlana Jalaluddin Rumi (d. 1273) in light of establishing new ways of constituting the Human and Social Sciences. It is based on the assumptions that the existing social and human sciences are anthropocentric in nature, and were produced within a culture and civilization that placed man as the centre and the measure of things. That crucible which has become the origin for the production of knowledge operated within a chaotic West in the early modern and the modern periods. Thus, knowledge produced has been secular and disenchanted and sees man as a material object par excellence. As a result, modern man has lost his sense of origin, why he lives and whither he is going. The Infinite Wisdom to Man does not return to the Primordial, but develops a Faustian trajectory. This paper reattaches Rumi’s corpus to academic and intellectual levels as it informs daily life and consciousness. We need to reconsume the tenets of a ‘devolutionist’ History, Art, Sociology, Anthropology and Philosophy. It asks what the Mathnawi and the Fihi Mafihi can contribute to the Humanities from the Islamic perspective. How can they be used to restructure another mode of knowing? What disciplines can the Rumi corpus produce (or reproduce)? The significance of this paper is that it suggests a universalization, and thence, a deethnicization of the Social and Human Sciences, thus embracing the universal while mitigating the uniqueness of man in both his microcosmic and macrocosmic environments.
MORE THAN TOLERANCE
Authors: Quadir Tarik
Published: October 2024

What is the Qur’ān’s stance towards religions other than Islam? May non-Muslims find salvation? If they do, as the Qur’ān seems to suggest in verses 2:62 and 5:69 explicitly, how does that make sense in light of verses which seem to deny this possibility for those who subscribe to any understanding of God which differs from that of Islam? We look for the answers mostly in the verses that are related to Judaism, Christianity, their adherents, religious diversity, and the ultimate criterion for salvation. We conclude that the Qur’ān takes a generous stance towards the other two Abrahamic traditions and their adherents; moreover, verses 2:62 and 5:69 are fully justified in view of the nature and function of the primordial human nature (fitrah), the heart, and the true meaning of submission to God. In short, the Qur’ān’s stance towards other religions goes well beyond mere tolerance.
Теоретические предпосылки применения инструментов искусственного интеллекта при реализации трехзвенной модели судебной и правоохранительной деятельности в Республике Казахстан
Authors: Дулатбеков Н.О. , Бачурин С.Н.
Published: October 2024

Целью настоящего исследования является обоснование необходимости использования инструментов искусственного интеллекта в судебной и правоохранительной деятельности, в условиях построения новой трехзвенной модели. Происходящие изменения в Республике Казахстан в части реформирования законодательства в целом, и уголовного, уголовно-процессуального в частности, на фоне развития технологий, связанных с искусственным интеллектом, заставляют переосмыслить ранее устоявшиеся в науке теоретические положения о первостепенном значении человека при реализации правосудия. Разработка собственных качественных информационных систем и продуктов в Республике Казахстан в банковском секторе, агрегаторов продаж товаров и услуг, образовании становится ярким подтверждением о необходимости их создания и в такой чувствительной сфере, как правосудие. Каков объем их внедрения, задачи и цели пока не определены, поскольку ранее имевшая место научная дискуссия по данному направлению исследований к каким-либо конкретным результатам не привела. Отдельным направлением авторы обозначили теоретические предпосылки применения инструментов искусственного интеллекта в исследовании вопросов при реализации трехзвенной модели судебной и правоохранительной деятельности в Республике Казахстан. Проведенное исследование позволило сделать вывод о целесообразности и рациональности использования инструментов искусственного интеллекта в рамках национального права, в том числе на ранних этапах досудебного производства по уголовным делам, с активным использованием криминалистического потенциала и заканчивая реализацией правосудия в судебных стадиях.
Правовое регулирование закупок субъектами квазигосударственного сектора в Республике Казахстан: проблемы и пути решения
Authors: Мороз С.П. , Тен В.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены особенности правового регулирования закупок субъектами квазигосударственного сектора в Республике Казахстан в современных условиях. Неоднократно Глава государства Касым-Жомарт Кемелевич Токаев говорил о необходимости реформирования системы государственных закупок и унификации ее с системой закупок субъектами квазигосударственного сектора, но проблемы остаются нерешенными, и ситуация принципиально не изменилась даже с принятием 1 июля 2024 г. нового Закона Республики Казахстан «О государственных закупках». Долгое время проблемы, связанные с организацией и проведением закупок субъектами квазигосударственного сектора, только копились и практически не решались. Но время для кардинального реформирования пришло, нужно самым серьезным образом пересмотреть существующие подходы к правовому регулированию отношений в сфере государственных и квазигосударственных закупок. В этой связи авторами обосновывается необходимость разработки и принятия нового Закона Республики Казахстан «О государственных и иных связанных с ними закупках», в сферу регулирования которого следует включить, наряду с государственными закупками, закупки субъектами квазигосударственного сектора и другие закупки товаров, работ и услуг, поскольку наряду с субъектами квазигосударственного сектора есть и другие аффилированные с государством участники, но для них всех должны быть установлены единые правила их организации и проведения.
Effects of several culinary herbs and spices on gut microbiota
Authors: Alhomsi Ahmad , Kılıç Bayraktar Mukaddes
Published: October 2024

The microbiome of human beings, especially the gut microbiota, appears to be the most potent element of the human body responsible for health and disease. Various herbs and spices often used in cooking and exceptionally high in bioactive substances like polyphenols, terpenes, and flavonoids are getting more attention for their proposed effect on gut health. This study aims to examine the links between culinary herbs and spices and the gut microbiome and to review the latest research findings. Human microbiota has a variable number of bacteria, and the composition and properties of their microbiomes depend on diet, lifestyle, and environmental factors. The current literature demonstrates that phytochemicals in spices and herbs can modify gut microbiota, which may result in lower inflammation, better digestion, and prevention of non-communicable diseases. It has been proven with further studies that herbs such as cinnamon, ginger, turmeric and rosemary are beneficial for the intestines and have shown positive results in animal and human studies. In conclusion, adding culinary herbs and spices to the diet provides a straightforward but powerful means to preserve a healthy gut microbiota, and supports overall better health.
Breast Cancer in Young Women: Analysis of Incidence, Clinicopathological Profile and Biological Behaviour in a Tertiary Care Institute from South India
Authors: B Sai Sanmathi , Narayanan Geeta S , PS Amogh , BR Kiran Kumar
Published: October 2024

Aims and Objectives: There is an increasing incidence of breast cancer in young women and many of these patients are considered to have more aggressive disease biology. The study aimed to find out the demographic profile, clinicopathological profile, and management details in patients under the age of 40 years treated for breast cancer in a tertiary care institute.
Materials and Methods: The study retrospectively analysed all the females with biopsy proven breast cancer treated at our oncology department between January 2012 and December 2018. Patients aged below 40 years were stratified from the total breast cancer patients. The data related to demographic profile, clinical staging, pathological staging, hormonal status and treatment details were collected from medical records for the patients and analysed.
Results: A total of 1056 biopsy proven breast cancer patients were treated during the study period. Out of which, the breast cancer patients under the age of 40 years were 161 (15.24%). The mean age at presentation was 33 years. Maximum patients were between the age group of 35 to 40 years (45.4%). Most of the patients were presented with Stage III (44%). Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma, Grade II was the most common histologic type and grade. ER (Oestrogen Receptor) positivity seen in 49% of patients and PR (Progesterone receptor) Positivity in 49.7% and 46% had HeR2 Positivity.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that the incidence of breast cancer patients under the age of 40 years is increasing. These patients tend to have higher grade tumours, Her2 Positive and triple-negative breast cancer. Young patients presenting with breast lumps should undergo all standard screening and diagnostic investigations must be carried out for early diagnosis and proper interventions.
Analyzing the Salivary Antioxidant Capacity in Children before and after Dental Caries Restoration: A Comparative Scientific Investigation
Authors: Mohammed Hajira Kunju , Anjana Gopalakrishnan , Sindhu Edakkadath Raghavan , Purushothaman Binitha Ponnamparambil
Published: October 2024

Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as a biomarker to investigate oxidative stress in different pathological conditions. The primary goal is to compare the TAC levels in saliva before and after the restoration of carious teeth. Additionally, the study aims to explore potential differences in TAC between genders with the intention of establishing a possible link between salivary TAC and dental caries.
Materials and Methods: In this research, we employed a random selection process to assemble two cohorts: Group I, comprising 27 male individuals, and Group II, encompassing 27 females, all falling within the age bracket of 7 to 10 years. Saliva samples were procured from each participant both thirty days prior to and subsequent to the restorative dental intervention. To gauge the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), we employed Cayman’s antioxidant assay kit and quantified the outcomes employing a nanodrop instrument.
Results: The obtained data was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 18.0. The paired t-test was used to compare the TAC levels before and after the restorative procedure within each group (Group I and Group II). The results revealed that after restoration, both Group I and Group II showed a significant increase in TAC levels compared to before restoration (P = 0.000). Additionally, the Student t-test was employed to compare the TAC levels between Group I (males) and Group II (females). Interestingly, the study observed that the TAC of saliva was significantly higher in males compared to females, both before and after the restoration of carious teeth.
Conclusion: Our research demonstrated reduced TAC levels in areas affected by dental caries, and these levels exhibited a significant rise following the restoration of all carious teeth. Consequently, it can be deduced that the evaluation of caries activity and the effectiveness of its treatment can be facilitated through the assessment of salivary factors, which holds promise for applications in preventive dentistry.
Clinical Significance: TAC can be employed as a biomarker and a therapeutic target because a reduced TAC level before restoration is a sign of infection.
Comparative Study of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Dhaka Saroj , Kamboj Nishant , Sharma Neeti , Kumar Rajesh Kumar , Harsh Kamlesh Kumar , Jakhar Shankar Lal
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare treatment response and toxicity profile among two groups of unresectable locally advanced head and neck malignancies receiving concurrent chemo-radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone after completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Material and methods: Total 50 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (inj. paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 D1, Cisplatin 80mg/m2 divided in 2 days & inj 5FU 1gm/m2 iv d1&d2). Then randomly allotted into above two groups to receive 66 Gy fractionated RT alone versus RT along with concurrent 3 weekly inj Cisplatin 80mg/m2 divided in two days. Disease response was evaluated by RECIEST criteria.
Result: All patients tolerated treatment well, no major adverse effects were monitored in two groups. There was no significant statistical difference in treatment response, which was found 88% vs 80% in concurrent CTRT vs RT alone. However toxicity profile was higher in concurrent CTRT group. The 6 months PFS were 83.3% and 78.3% in CTRT and RT alone groups respectively; (X2 =0.196, p value= >.05).
Vulvar Melanoma in the Elderly Treated with Surgery and Rradiotherapy: A Case Report
Authors: Bumanlag Honeylyn C. , Billod Jimmy A.
Published: October 2024

Although rare, vulvar melanoma is the second most common histological type of vulvar cancer, representing around 10% of all malignant tumors involving the vulva presenting typically in post-menopausal women. The data on vulvar melanoma consists almost entirely of case studies and small retrospective series. A standardized approach to the diagnosis and management of vulvar melanoma is not available. In this paper, a case of vulvar melanoma in remission is described and a review of the current literature is presented. A 73-year-old, G5P5 (5-0-0-5), complained of a 3-year history of intense vaginal pruritus. A biopsy was done at the site of the hyperpigmented patch revealing vulvar melanoma. CT scan was done before surgery and revealed negative lymph node invasion nor metastasis. The patient underwent a radical vulvectomy followed by adjuvant radiotherapy which offered remission of disease for 5 years.
Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia Infection in Breast Cancer Receiving Dose-dense Chemotherapy: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Mina Alfred Patrick , Bonci Eduard-Alexandru , Cardoso Fatima , Sousa Berta
Published: October 2024

We herein report 3 cases of breast cancer who developed Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia during dose-dense chemotherapy. The patients developed fever, fatigue, and cough on the 4th to 5th cycle of chemotherapy. Chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed ground-glass opacities, later on confirmed PCP as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed. They were treated with Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) for 3 weeks, with clinical improvement. The first case was able to complete subsequent cycles of chemotherapy with TMP-SMX prophylaxis. The second case omitted the remaining cycles of chemotherapy and proceeded with adjuvant hormonal and radiotherapy. The third case also discontinued subsequent cycles and proceeded with surgery. All 3 cases didn’t developed complications nor recurrence of infection on their subsequent treatments. Clinicians must be vigilant in recognizing those at risk for PCP especially among cancer patients undergoing dose-dense chemotherapy. Moreover, as the infection is life-threatening, early treatment must be initiated to prevent serious complications. Prophylactic antibiotic must be considered if there is a high-risk for recurrence of infection, thus preventing delay in surgery or adjuvant therapies.
Rare Case Report of Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: N V Vinin , Murugavel Hareni , Aravind Sithara , Ravikumar Vibha
Published: October 2024

Small cell bladder carcinoma (SCBC) is a very rare entity. Compared to urothelial carcinoma they are more aggressive and have higher probabilities for metastases. Due to the aggressive nature of small cell bladder cancer, early diagnosis and treatment is imperative for the greatest chance of survival. We had two cases of non metastatic Small cell bladder carcinoma presenting at our institute and both were treated with definitive radiotherapy. One patient on follow up developed skeletal metastases and succumbed to disease, while the other patient is alive and disease free after 6 years. Here we present the challenges in diagnosis and treatment, and outcome of two SCBC patients treated at our institute.
Outcomes of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Oropharynx in Elderly Patients Treated with External Beam Radiation Therapy - A Retrospective Study from Tertiary Care Cancer Center - India
Authors: Ramanaiah Kaluvoya , S Sadanand , V V Gautam , B Mukesh , M Sai Pranav , M,N Arunkumar
Published: October 2024

Background: Majority of Elderly patients with oro-pharyngeal Squamous cell (OPSCC) are treated with External beam Radiation Therapy(EBRT) alone, the benefit of chemotherapy after 70years is doubtful, we aim to analyze outcomes and morbidity in elderly OPSCC treated with EBRT.
Methods: Retrospective study, all patients with Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma histology, more than or equal 70 years of age, having performance status Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0-2, All stages other than metastatic disease, who were registered and treated with Radical radiation therapy alone at our institute from January 2015 to December 2018 were included. Having ECOG performance status 3-4, Patients treated with brachytherapy, or concurrent chemoradiation, synchronous primaries, re-irradiation are excluded from this study. Entire cohort of 30 patients (25 male, 5 female) were treated with EBRT, who received total dose 50Gy to 66Gy were included for analysis.
Results: 90% of cases (27/30) were locally advanced (Stage III & IV), At median follow up duration of 18months (range 1 to 81 months), at 3, 4, and 5 years OS was 36.7% (95% Confidence interval (CI) = 19.4% - 54%), 23.3% (95% CI = 8.2% - 38.4%) and 19.4% (95% CI = 5.1 - 33.7%) respectively.
Conclusion: compared to young, elderly OPSCC has poor outcomes, this subset may do as well as young people if treated with multi modality treatment with proper selection. By addressing the risk factors , using preventive measures, early detection , and ensuring access to the adequate health care facilities are pivotal in reducing the burden of cancer. Poor representations of this subset of population in clinical trails, facing challenges treating with multi modality approach may be one of the reason for poor outcomes compared to the young patients, needs prospective trails specifically focusing on this group of patients should be performed.
Cadmium Exposure and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Protocol of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Soleimani Yaser , Mahmoudi Sheyda , Daraei Mahdi , Varseh Mahdieh , Khalafi Fatemeh , Jahazi Mohammad Amin , Khorsand Soroush , Yadollahi Farsi Maryam , Soleimani Mahna , Aryanejad Ali , Karamian Saeideh , Mosavi Jarrahi Alireza
Published: October 2024

Background: Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with a poor prognosis, and its etiology involves a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Among environmental factors, cadmium, a toxic heavy metal, has been implicated in carcinogenesis and is found in various industrial processes, tobacco smoke, and certain foods. Previous studies examining the association between cadmium exposure and pancreatic cancer risk have reported inconsistent findings, necessitating a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify this relationship.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines to identify relevant studies from electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies included observational designs (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) that investigated the association between cadmium exposure and pancreatic cancer risk in human populations. Data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and meta-analysis were conducted using established protocols. Subgroup analyses were performed based on study characteristics and exposure assessment methods.
Results: The systematic review and meta-analysis included a comprehensive assessment of the existing literature on cadmium exposure and pancreatic cancer risk. Pooled analysis of eligible studies revealed a potential association between cadmium exposure and an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. However, the magnitude and consistency of this association varied across studies, highlighting the complexity of environmental exposures and their impact on cancer risk. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity and assess the robustness of the results.
Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis contribute to the current understanding of the relationship between cadmium exposure and pancreatic cancer risk. While the findings suggest a potential association, further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clarify the role of cadmium in pancreatic carcinogenesis. These results underscore the importance of environmental risk factors in cancer development and highlight the need for public health interventions aimed at reducing cadmium exposure and improving cancer prevention strategies.
Analysis of the Influence of Prior Experience & Product Knowledge on the Decision to Make Brand Switching Mediated by Satisfaction in Purchasing Adventure Motorcycles
Authors: Hasan Muhamad Fuat , Utami Sasi , Laely Nur , Marwanto IGG Heru
Published: October 2024

This study aims to ascertain and evaluate the Prior Influence of Experience, Product Knowledge, and Satisfaction on Consumer Decisions Performing Brand Switching in Purchasing Motor Adventure Products. Technique Sampling is determined by purposive sampling, where there are criteria respondents, but it also uses the accidental method of determining the sample based on coincidence where anyone happens to meet the researcher which can be used as a sample by distributing questionnaires to members of the adventure motorcycle community The analytical technique applied is the descriptive analysis technique, Partial Last Square (PLS) statistical analysis method for looking for inner models, outer models, and hypotheses. The results of this study show acceptance of the entire hypothesis, namely the existence of a noteworthy and favorable influence on prior experience (X1), product knowledge (X2), and satisfaction factors (X3) on Consumer Decisions to Brand Switching in Purchasing Motorcycle Adventure Products.
The Impact of Agile Leadership on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable
Authors: Pratama Rifky Marda , Almansur Fauzan
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of agile leadership on employee performance through job satisfaction at PT Jago Bahasa Inspira, a service company that provides English language learning services located in Kediri. This type of research is descriptive research with a quantitative approach using the path analysis method. Sampling was carried out using the random sampling method. The research results show that: agile leadership has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction, agile leadership has a significant positive effect on employee performance, and agile leadership has a significant positive effect on employee performance through job satisfaction Agile leadership and job satisfaction have a strong relationship, especially among young workers (Gen Z). Because there is a tendency to choose a workplace based on a non-toxic boss. Job satisfaction has a close relationship with employee performance, where high levels of job satisfaction tend to decrease positively with increasing individual performance. When employees feel satisfied with their work environment and working conditions, this can motivate them to contribute more to their tasks. Companies are advised to continue to maintain agile leadership while still paying attention to salary systems and promotions to continue to improve employee performance.
Validation and Practicality Test of Grammar Cards Website for 10th Grade Students
Authors: Ramadhanti Safhira Fauzia , Elfiza Rona , Subroto Gatot
Published: October 2024

The students face some difficulties in the English course, especially in learning grammar. Their grammar mastery is low and there are no instructional media specifically used for learning grammar in the English class for online and offline sessions. This research aims to determine the validation and test the feasibility of Grammar Cards Website as instructional media for learning grammar in English course. The participants of this research are 22 students of X MIPA 3 in SMAN 5 Tanjungpinang. The design of this research is qualitative. The process in qualitative data is collected from validation sheets and the practicality test questionnaire. The result of the study shows that Grammar Cards Website is valid and feasible to be used as instructional media in English grammar learning for 10th grade students. Grammar Cards Website instructional media is easy, attractive, and useful.
English Language Teaching Strategies in Developmentally Appropriate Practice
Authors: Putri Natasya , Nopita Dewi , Satria Benni
Published: October 2024

This research aimed to know what are English Language Teaching Strategies in Developmentally Appropriate Practice. developmentally appropriate practice was a learning activity that recognized that each student had different needs and abilities. In developmentally appropriate practice, students were provided with various choices in terms of learning materials, teaching methods, and assessment. The qualitative research was a research design for this research. The study was conducted in SMPN 1. The subject of the research was an English teacher of SMPN 1 Tanjungpinang. The researcher used a purposive sampling technique to select the subject. The researcher only chose an English teacher for the subject of the study because in the school, there was only one teacher implementing developmentally appropriate practice. The research used observation, interview, and documentation as instruments to collect data. English Language Teaching Strategies in Developmentally Appropriate Learning used by teachers were Video-assisted learning (VAL), Picture Stories, Context Clues, and Group-Work strategies.
El emprendimiento femenino en el sector turístico: un análisis bibliométrico
Authors: Rodríguez Vera Ainhoa del Pino , Rando Cueto Dolores , De Las Heras Pedrosa Carlos
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El emprendimiento femenino en el sector turístico impulsa el desarrollo económico, fomenta la igualdad de género y promueve la innovación. Las mujeres emprendedoras diversifican la oferta turística, crean empleo y revitalizan comunidades locales. Metodología: Este estudio analiza la investigación sobre turismo y emprendimiento femenino usando la base de datos Web of Science, abarcando las últimas dos décadas. Sus objetivos son identificar tendencias, patrones de publicación, áreas geográficas con mayor actividad investigadora, y determinar las revistas, autores y palabras clave más influyentes en este campo. Resultados: El análisis bibliométrico revela cómo ha evolucionado la investigación y destaca las regiones con mayor actividad. Discusión: El emprendimiento femenino es crucial para el desarrollo económico y la igualdad de género en el turismo, aunque persisten desafíos como la falta de investigación en algunas regiones y barreras a la participación femenina. Conclusiones: El estudio subraya la creciente importancia del papel de la mujer en el turismo y ofrece una base para futuras investigaciones y políticas que promuevan la igualdad de género y el crecimiento económico sostenible.
Experiencia y prácticas educativas: Percepciones del profesorado de matemáticas en secundaria en Melilla
Authors: Mohamed-Chemlali Nabil , Hossein-Mohand Hassan , Hossein-Mohand Hossein , Osuna-Acedo Sara
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La enseñanza de las Matemáticas requiere un sólido desarrollo profesional docente y una comprensión profunda de las prácticas educativas. Metodología: El estudio cuantitativo y transversal empleó un cuestionario cerrado, dirigido a 73 docentes de secundaria y bachillerato de matemáticas en Melilla, con una muestra final de 61 docentes. El cuestionario, distribuido vía Google Forms, incluyó 107 preguntas en 23 indicadores y 5 dimensiones. Resultados: La experiencia influye en la conciencia sobre errores comunes del alumnado, siendo mayor en docentes con más años de enseñanza. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la evaluación del aprendizaje del alumnado según la experiencia. Los docentes con más experiencia mostraron mayores habilidades para organizar la dinámica en el aula. Discusión: La experiencia mejora la identificación y manejo de errores comunes y la organización del aula. Sin embargo, la evaluación del aprendizaje no varía significativamente con la experiencia, sugiriendo otros factores influyentes. Conclusiones: La experiencia docente es importante en la enseñanza de matemáticas, pero la formación continua es esencial para todos los docentes para asegurar una enseñanza efectiva y de alta calidad.
Estándares para las dimensiones antropométricas de la mano de la población mexicana
Authors: Rodríguez-Vega Graciela , Rodríguez-Vega Dora Aydee
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Los desórdenes musculo-esqueléticos son riesgos de salud ocupacional que pueden disminuirse mediante el uso de máquinas y diseño de herramientas y estaciones de trabajo adecuados. A pesar de su importancia en Ergonomía, los estándares antropométricos de la mano han sido poco estudiados. El objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar estándares para la población mexicana, analizar las diferencias de género y comparar los datos con los de otras poblaciones. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un muestreo antropométrico de la población mexicana (2.275 hombres, 562 mujeres). Se recolectaron cuatro dimensiones antropométricas de la mano: longitud y ancho de la mano, longitud de la palma y diámetro de agarre. Resultados: Se presentan estadísticas básicas (media, desviación estándar, y percentiles 5, 50, y 95). Los resultados indican diferencias significativas entre ambos sexos de la población mexicana en las cuatro dimensiones estudiadas. Discusión: Se observaron diferencias significativas con los datos de otras poblaciones (principalmente países asiáticos), inclusive con países latinoamericanos, incluyendo estudios previos de México. No se encontró evidencia del desarrollo de datos similares considerando un amplio rango de edad, ambos géneros y tamaño de muestra. Conclusiones: Los datos presentados pueden utilizarse en el diseño de herramientas de mano, máquinas, productos, y estaciones de trabajo.
Improving additive manufacturing for housing construction
Authors: Rakhimov R. Z. , Mukhametrakhimov R. K. , Ziganshina L. V.
Published: October 2024

The use of additive manufacturing in construction can significantly reduce the speed of construction of an object, labor costs, waste, reduce the risks of industrial injuries, etc. Despite a number of existing advantages of these technologies, their implementation in construction is associated with various problems, one of which is the need to ensure the required adhesion strength of printed layers. There are a number of studies devoted to solving this problem and creating effective materials for additive construction production, mainly based on cement binders; to a much lesser extent, these studies are available in the field of mixtures based on gypsum and mixed (gypsum-cement-pozzolanic) binders. The purpose of this work is to develop a scientifically based technological solution for improving additive technologies for low-rise housing construction using gypsum-cement-pozzolanic mixtures (GCPS) by regulating recipe-technological factors that provide increased adhesion strength of printed layers. Based on the results of the research, a technological solution has been developed to improve the technology of additive construction production of GCPM by regulating the kinetics of the increase in plastic strength of the mixture when it is modified with a multifunctional complex additive, which makes it possible to ensure the viability of the mixture required for 3D printing in the range of 0–50 minutes, significantly reduce the defectiveness of the extrudate during the 3D printing process, and increase the adhesion strength of the printed layers. It has been established that the adhesion strength of layers printed without a technological break from the GCP concrete mixture, modified with multifunctional complex additive, is 65% higher compared to the base composition, and when a technological break lasts 6 hours, it is 25% higher, which confirms its effectiveness in additive manufacturing.
Orthodox church architecture of the Kuban settlements of the late 18th – first half of the 19th century
Authors: Subbotin O. S.
Published: October 2024

A retrospective analysis of the history of the architecture of Orthodox churches in Kuban from the end of the 18th to the first half of the 19th century was carried out on specific objects of religious architecture. The historical approach allows us to consider these objects as unique elements of the architectural and urban heritage of the period under study. The special value of Orthodox churches in the concept of forming a holistic environment of urban and rural settlements is indicated. The main means of artistic expression based on volumetric planning techniques, with the help of which the compositional image of the temple is created, are noted. The presented illustrative material graphically displays the scientific content, executed on certain visual images of religious architecture structures and visually complements the text material. Great importance is given to the current issues of integrity and sustainable balance of modern buildings and structures with previously erected religious architecture objects and monuments of historical and cultural heritage.
The Determinants of Industrial Output in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis
Authors: Amjid Afaq , Shah Mukamil , - Noorulain
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the determinants of industrial growth in Pakistan through an empirical analysis of quarterly data spanning from 1970 to 2022. Industrial growth is the dependent variable, while the inflation rate, rate of exchange, foreign direct investment, gross fixed capital formation, and terms of trade are independent variables. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was employed due to the mixed stationarity, as indicated by the augmented dickey-fuller test. The results reveal a positive long-run relationship between FDI and industrial growth, as well as between gross fixed capital formation and industrial growth. Conversely, a negative relationship is observed between the exchange rate and industrial growth, and between the interest rate and industrial growth. All variables to be statistically significant, except for terms of trade. Furthermore, the inflation rate and rate of exchange show a reducing impact on industrial growth, while FDI and gross fixed capital formation contribute positively to industrial growth.
Effect of Interpregnancy Interval on Pregnancy Outcome in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Koirala Poonam , Koirala Ishita , Pun Sunita , Karna Shweta
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Interpregnancy interval has a major impact on the maternal and fetal health worldwide. Women with short interpregnancy interval show higher rates of low birth weight and preterm babies. So this study aimed to study the effect of interpregnancy interval on pregnancy outcomes.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care center after taking ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number:229/080/081(6-11)E2). Data from September 1st, 2023 to January 30th, 2024 was collected. All multigravida women with singleton pregnancy after 28 weeks of gestation who delivered in our hospital with previous birth were enrolled in the study. Convenience sampling method was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. The data was entered and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26.0Results: Among the women , 31 (3.57%) women had short interpregnancy interval ≤18 months whereas 836 (96.43%) had interpregnancy interval of >18 months. The mean age of the women was 28 years. Previous cesarean section was common indication of cesarean section 27 (87.09%) among women with short interpregnancy interval. These women had higher rates of preterm and low birth weight babies 11(35.58%) & 15(48.38%).Conclusions: Women with short interpregnancy interval ≤18 months had higher preterm births and low birth weight babies. Pregnancy induced hypertension, hypothyroidism and gestational diabetes were increased in women with interpregnancy interval of >18 months.