bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies on resistance to erosion of nickel and its alloys to be used in elements of fluid - flow machines
Authors: Waliszyn Aleksandr , Adamkiewicz Andrzej
Published: September 2019

The article presents results of studies on metal resistance to erosive damage taking place under the influence of hydraulic cavitation. On the basis of earlier research, a hypothesis on fatigue character of erosive wear and a dependence of metal resistance to
erosive damage on its crystalline lattice structure has been assumed. To verify this hypothesis, metals with different crystalline
lattice structures like steel 45 (flat-centred structure), nickel 200/201 and nickel alloy Monel 400 (hexagonal structure) have been
tested at a cavitation-strike stand. Results obtained there confirmed the assumed hypothesis, at the same time justifying the use of
nickel protective coatings in fluid-flow machines.
Intelligent Forecasting of Automatic Train Protection System Failure Rate in China High-speed Railway
Authors: Kang Renwei , Wang Junfeng , Cheng Jianfeng , Chen Jianqiu , Pang Yanzhi
Published: September 2019

Intelligent and personalized dynamic maintenance and spare parts configuration of high-speed railway have been the main trend
to guarantee the safety capability of trains. In this paper, a new Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system failure rate calculation
method is proposed, and the delay time and embedded dimension are determined by C-C algorithm. Then the phase space is reconstructed from one-dimensional time series to high-dimensional space. Based on chaotic characteristics of failure rate, a short-term
intelligent forecasting model of failure rate of ATP system is established. The actual failure statistics from 2010 to 2018 are used as
samples to train and test the validity of the model. From prediction results, it shows that the proposed chaos prediction model has
an accuracy of 99.71%, which is better than the support vector machine model. Through the intelligent prediction of failure rate,
this paper solves the maintenance inflexibility and imbalance of supply and demand of spare parts configuration.
Problems in assessing the durability of a selected vehicle component based on the accelerated proving ground test
Authors: Kosobudzki Mariusz , Stańco Mariusz
Published: September 2019

The paper presents the results of the analysis of the durability of elastic elements occurring in the special-purpose 4x4 off-road
truck suspension using data obtained during an accelerated proving ground test conducted during off-road driving. The limitations in access to material data present at the stage of the initial selection of the component (lack of fatigue strength data) are
indicated and an alternative analytical method for fatigue strength estimation is given. The differences in the obtained results and
their most important sources are pointed out. A method for using a generalized durability index d as a parameter independent of
the subassembly material data is also described. The indicator can be used to assess the influence of resultant loads (recorded)
appearing during the vehicle operation in the determined road conditions on the durability of the subassembly under study and to
associate their value with the type of the test road section.
As ideias econômicas de Mauá e o liberalismo nos trópicos (1860-1878)
Authors: Gambi Thiago F. R. , Cosentino Daniel D. V.
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste texto é analisar as ideias de Mauá sobre o progresso econômico, a moeda e o crédito, e o câmbio, a partir de seu depoimento ao relatório oficial sobre a crise de 1857, dos artigos que escreveu sobre o meio circulante intitulados “Questões econômicas: a situação monetária do Brasil”, publicados no Jornal do Comércio em abril de 1878, e, finalmente, de sua Autobiografia. Avaliaremos como a realidade brasileira da época e os próprios negócios de Mauá moldaram suas ideias econômicas e, ao mesmo tempo, como essas ideias apareceram no debate econômico, a fim de influenciar os rumos da política econômica do Império. A análise procurará mostrar como Mauá, uma figura típica de seu tempo, foi capaz de produzir ideias econômicas coerentes que espelham tanto sua filosofia liberal como a prática dos negócios e da política imperial.
Using social networking technologies to promote language socialisation: English as foreign language teachers' perceptions in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Khatmah , Thompson Celia
Published: September 2019

Teachersâ€™ beliefs play a key role in their selection of language teaching methodologies; they affect teachersâ€™ pedagogical practices and behaviours and are consequently integral in shaping the language learning classroom environment. This study investigated the beliefs of teachers of English as a foreign language (EFL) in relation to the concept of â€˜language socialisationâ€™ (LS) and its pedagogical application through the use of social networking technologies (SNTs) in a Saudi university language learning context. Data comprised a survey, which was administered to a total of 28 EFL teachers, of whom five male instructors were interviewed. Findings showed that the majority of teachers reported positive associations with LS as a teaching method, as well as positive responses towards the use of SNTs in the EFL classroom despite the fact that most participants had never used SNTs in their teaching. It can be concluded that, while the EFL teachers in this study acknowledged the potentially important role that SNTs could play in enhancing studentsâ€™ language learning and socialisation, their lack of first-hand classroom experience with SNTs reflected the fact that there was little access to and training in the use of these technologies. This lack of provision needs to be addressed as a matter of urgency to ensure that Saudi EFL teachers and their students are given an opportunity to engage critically with innovative technologies that may enhance the quality of their pedagogical experiences.
Keywords: English as foreign language teachers in higher education in Saudi Arabia, English as a foreign language, language socialisation, social networking technologies
Investigating (Im)politeness in online forums between English speakers and English as a foreign language learners
Authors: Alipour Mohammad , Tajfar Soroor
Published: September 2019

This study investigated the use of (im)politeness and disagreement in online discussion forums among English speakers and English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. It also explored how internet forum browsers judge (im)politeness and parameters of relational work ((in)appropriateness and negatively/positively marked behaviour) in disagreement. Three hundred and sixty disagreement responses were analysed following a list of disagreement strategies. The most frequent strategy applied by English speakers was 'making scornful and humiliating statements', while EFL learners used 'showing unmitigated disagreement' and 'showing smileys' as the highest and lowest ones. Most of the strategies used by English speakers were judged as polite and appropriate, but neither negatively nor positively marked, while 13 types of EFL strategies were considered as polite, but neither appropriate and positively marked nor inappropriate and negatively marked. Further, the three parameters had positive relationships with one another. This study provides worthwhile information for improving teaching communication skills in EFL courses.

Keywords: (Im)Politeness, disagreement, English as a foreign language learners, interactional and discursive approach, online forum
The effect of watching captioned TV series on speaking accuracy of Iranian advanced EFL learners
Authors: Tajgozari Mostafa
Published: September 2019

The present study aimed to find out the effect of watching captioned TV series on speaking accuracy of Iranian advanced English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learner. To do so, 66 advanced learners were selected out of 104 ones, using Oxford Placement Test. The researchers assigned the participants randomly into three groups, one control and two experimental, each including 22 learners. One of the experimental groups watched the series with English subtitles and the other group with Persian subtitles while the control group (CG) watched the same series without any subtitles. The form of the pre-test and post-test was semi-structured interview. Before the treatment, the participants were asked questions about friendship, similar to the theme of the series and after the treatment they were asked the same questions as the post-test. The results indicated that both English and Persian subtitling had a positive impact on the accuracy of Iranian advanced English learners. Furthermore, it was found that oral accuracy did not considerably change in the CG, but there were significant improvements in English subtitle and Persian subtitle groups in oral accuracy. Moreover, the study has insights and implications for EFL/English as second language teachers and curriculum designers.

Keywords: Advanced English as a Foreign Language learners, English subtitles, Persian subtitles, speaking accuracy
Supervision de cas : une dépression rebelle
Authors: Shapiro Robin , Hofmann Arne , Grey Earl
Published: September 2019

Supervision de cas est une nouvelle rubrique régulière du Journal of EMDR Practice and Research. Dans cet article, un clinicien EMDR (désensibilisation et retraitement par les mouvements oculaires) décrit brièvement le cas difficile d'un homme, Georges, qui avait été orienté en EMDR pour le traitement d'une dépression ayant débuté plus de deux ans auparavant. Après traitement de tous ses souvenirs traumatiques, il reste aujourd'hui gravement déprimé et son thérapeute demande comment avancer efficacement. Des réponses sont données par trois experts. Le premier, Robin Shapiro, décrit une liste complète d'étiologies possibles : attachement, traumas précoces, facteurs génétiques ou autres causes biologiques, avec les traitements appropriés (EMDR, états du moi ou médicaments). Le second expert, Arne Hofmann, passe en revue le traitement administré et propose d'autres cibles de traitement, suggérant au thérapeute d'aborder la croyance de son client que “rien ne changera” et d'essayer le protocole EMDR inversé. Le troisième expert, Earl Grey, recommande que le clinicien se concentre sur les traumas “t”, même si le client les trouve peu ou pas perturbants, et explique comment développer et mettre en œuvre un “plan de ciblage réparateur de l'ensemble du cours de la vie”.
Patients’ and tutors’ evaluations of Medicine students’ consultations in General Practice/Family Medicine in Coimbra
Authors: Santiago Luiz Miguel , Silva Inês , Simões José Augusto
Published: September 2019

Background Undergraduate teaching of General Practice/Family Medicine (GP/FM) must ensure students acquire the necessary competencies and skills to perform an adequate GP/FM consultation with adequate annotations (the SOAP model) and classifications.Objective To study and to correlate students’ evaluation by tutors and patients in specific consultations in the formal practical evaluation of GP/FM Curricular Unit of the Integrated Masters on Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra (IMM-FMUC) in the academic years of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019.Methods Observational study of the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 academic years of the assessment grids for tutor’s evaluation of SOAP performance and fluency in consultation and for patient’s evaluation of the student ‘performance, in the convenience sample of those who chose to be so evaluated.Results We studied a population of 435 (67,7%) out of a universe of 646 students, 125 (28,7%) males, ns by sex and academic year who performed this evaluation. In a mark up to 20 from tutors, difference was found for Plan (P) mark, higher in 2018-2019 (18,38±2,18 vs 18,54±2,11, p=0,005) of the SOAP methodology evaluation. Patients’ evaluation was not different 19,34±1,70 vs 19,35±1,40, p=0,091. A positive significant correlation was found between tutors and patients marks (ρ=0,278; p<0,001), as well as between tutor mark and final mark (ρ=0,958; p<0,001) and patient and final marks (ρ=0,465; p<0,001). Final marks were not different in both years, 18,61±1,38 vs 18,78±1,15, p=0,158.Conclusions This innovative model of evaluation of student’s performance in medical appointment, showed a significant positive moderate correlation between patients’ and tutors’ marks in the setting of GP/FM at the IMM-FMUC, and was not different between years. Yearly evaluation must be continued.
Design of a Conceptual Framework of Performance Improvement of Academic Department Chair
Authors: Mirzazadeh Azim , Jalili Mohammad , Fotouhi Akbar , kohan nooshin
Published: September 2019

Background The academic department chair occupies a significant position within academic medicine. The present study was designed to identify major factors that may influence on effective performance of academic department chair. This factors is presented in the form of conceptual framework. Methods First, a literature review was conducted. Then, the perceptions of stakeholders were collected via two focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. In the next step, a framework was developed to help performance improvement of department chairs. Finally, the Performance Improvement Plan (PIP) was developed. Results Four theme statements were formulated. After that, the conceptual framework of performance improvement of academic department Chair developed. Based this conceptual framework, factors lead into performance improvement of academic department chair include: performance evaluation, job and work design, planning for change and resiliency, educational and non-educational support, motivational efforts, organization culture and organizational knowledge management. Conclusions We designed a framework for performance improvement of academic department chair. It is important because it recognizes the process that top managers would look out for maintain quality in academic departments. The main point of the framework is to choose the proper intervention to performance improvement of department chairs.
Correlation between Antibiotic Resistance of Main Gram-Negative Pathogens and Antibiotic Consumption in a General Hospital of China
Authors: Shen Shaoqing , Wang Rui , Wang Jin , Cai Yun
Published: September 2019

Purpose Our hospital is a newly established hospital in China, which is located in the tropics. Better depicting antibiotic consumption and antibiotic resistance may help better develop and implement an antibiotic stewardship with regional characteristics.Methods Total antibiotic prescriptions, patient days and microbiological data from January 2014 to December 2017 were collected. Antibiotic use density (AUD) was expressed as daily defined dose (DDD) and normalized per 100 patient-days. The resistance rates of Gram-negative pathogens against commonly used antibiotics were calculated. The relationship between antibiotic consumption and bacterial resistance rate was described by Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results Different from mainland China, A. baumannii was the leading Gram-negative pathogen, followed by K. pneumoniae , E. coli and P. aeruginosa . The AUD was gradually increased from 2014 to 2016, while it was slowly decreased in 2017. Ceftazidime/tazobactam, levofloxacin and meropenem were the top three consumed antibiotics. The proportion of multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria was increased (>40%) before 2016, and it was decreased in 2017. The prevalence of MDR A. baumannii and MDR P. aeruginosa was correlated with the AUD of β-lactam/lactamase inhibitors, fluoroquinolones and carbapenems. The increased AUD of meropenem had positive effects on the incidence of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa .Conclusions Our study showed that there was an association between the resistance density of Gram-negative pathogens and the consumption of β-lactam/lactamase inhibitors, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. Collectively, a multifaceted antimicrobial stewardship is necessary to decrease resistance density of available antibiotics.
Speech act in Indonesian language teaching: an ethnography communication study
Authors: Widiasri Dewa Ayu , Budiarsa Made , Sudipa I Nengah , Satyawati Made Sri
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the verbal form and function of students' speech acts in the classroom, using the ethnographic approach Hymes communication in order to express the way they interact in class. Data was gained from the speech acts of students and teachers during the learning process. Furthermore, this study applied a qualitative descriptive approach. From the results of the study, it is found that the verbal form and function of directive speech acts in classroom were questioning, commanding, and advising.
La filosofía política de la Escuela de Frankfurt
Authors: Bokser Liwerant Judith
Published: September 2019

La Escuela de Frankfurt representa una de las modalidades más relevantes que asumieron la teoría y la práctica socio-cultural y política en la modernidad del siglo XX, caracterizada ésta por transformaciones radicales que cuestionaron los paradigmas conceptuales vigentes en torno a la realidad, por la permanente incertidumbre, por la crítica de sus propias verdades y por la conjunción entre la apertura a lo nuevo, el escepticismo y la utopía.
 En este artículo se exploran los alcances de su propuesta de refundamentación de la teoría, así como las implicaciones de la teoría crítica como teoría política. Las formulaciones presentadas (de Horkheimer y Marcuse) permiten identificar un perfil de la teoría crítica que la ubica como corriente filosófica del siglo XX.
Patrimonialismo y modernización
Authors: Rodríguez Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2019

Reseña del libro de Gina Zabludovsky, Patrimonialismo y modernización, México, FCE-UNAM, 1994.
Loyal past, fickle future: The effects of temporal thinking on consumers' variety-seeking behaviors
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Guo Zhaoyang
Published: September 2019

In two studies, we investigated the effect of temporal thinking (past thinking vs. future thinking) on variety-seeking behaviors. In Study 1, 228 Chinese college students were recruited as participants, and they chose promotional items from a simulated supermarket in a behavioral laboratory.
The findings indicated that, compared to participants who were not in a temporal-thinking condition, when participants had recalled a past event, they chose items from fewer categories in the promotional gift-selection task, and those who had imagined a future event chose from more categories.
We uncovered that familiarity seeking associated with past thinking and novelty seeking associated with future thinking were the underlying mechanisms that presented two different psychological paths. However, in a real-choice task, the temporal-thinking effect was attenuated by self-irrelevant
thinking (Study 2, 272 Chinese college students recruited as participants). We also found the temporal distance showed no influence on the temporal-thinking effect, regardless of whether the time cues were given (Study 1) or not given (Study 2).
Coworker feedback seeking and feedback environment in China: An expectation states theory approach
Authors: Gong Zhenxing , Liu Mengshuang , Xin Di , Gilal Faheem Gul , Yin Kui , Zhang Na
Published: September 2019

We empirically explored the impact of feedback seeking, including feedback inquiry and monitoring, on the coworker feedback environment via coworker identification. Participants were 264 employees who worked in research and development, design, and technology sectors of industrial enterprises
in China. The results indicated that feedback monitoring, feedback inquiry, and coworker identification were all positively related to the coworker feedback environment after controlling for the effects of demographic variables. Further, coworker identification fully mediated the relationship
between feedback inquiry/monitoring and the coworker feedback environment. Our findings expand understanding of the feedback loop by bridging the gap between coworker feedback seeking and the coworker feedback environment. We recommend that coworkers encourage employees' feedback-seeking behavior
so that the workplace feedback environment motivates them to ask for the help they need to work independently.
Family leisure and subjective well-being: Do patterns and timing matter?
Authors: Chen Chen-Yueh , Lin Yi-Hsiu , Lee Chen-Yin , Lin Yen-Kuang , Chen Wen-Ing , Shih Jing-Rong
Published: September 2019

We examined the relationship between family leisure and subjective well-being by exploring the type and timing of family leisure activities. We used convenience sampling to recruit 711 adolescents, and conducted a hierarchical linear regression and one-way analysis of variance for data
analysis. Results showed that participants who were more involved in a high number of either core or balance family leisure activities had higher subjective well-being. In addition, participants (vs. their counterparts involved in few core or balance family leisure activities) highly involved
in both core and balance family leisure activities had higher subjective well-being. Further, participants (vs. all their counterparts) involved in the fewest family leisure activities all year round had lower subjective well-being. These results implied that participants' subjective well-being
was correlated with patterns and timing of family leisure. Education practitioners and parents should be aware that subjective well-being can be improved by appropriate allocation of time spent on different types of family leisure activities.
OBSTETRIC PROBLEMS IN HIV-INFECTED WOMEN
Authors: Yakovleva O. V. , Glukhova T. N. , Rogozhina I. E.
Published: September 2019

Objective: to study the features of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in HIV-infected women in the Saratov region according to a retrospective analysis of case histories for 2013–2018. Materials and methods. A retrospective clinical and statistical analysis of the course of pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period was carried out according to medical records of 282 HIV-infected pregnant women who were treated at the State Agrarian Medical Center (Engels, Saratov Region, Russia) in 2013–2018. (main group). The comparison group consisted of patients who were not infected with HIV who were treated at the SAUS EOC in 2013–2018. To assess the statistical significance of differences, the standard statistical analysis software package STATISTICA 10,0 was used. Results. Compared to 2013, in 2018, the age of HIV-infected pregnant women has decreased (p<0,05). HIV-infected people are less likely to go to a maternity clinic before the 12th week of pregnancy (p<0,05). A high frequency of co-infection of HIV-infected women with urinary infection (p<0,05) and genital tract (p<0,05), hepatitis C viruses (p<0,05) and B (p<0,05), and syphilis was found anamnesis (p<0,05). A high susceptibility of these women to viral infections was noted: acute respiratory viral infection (p<0,05), genital herpes virus (p<0,05), cytomegalovirus infection (p<0,05). The incidence of sexually transmitted infections is high: urogenital chlamydia (p <0,05), trichomonas colpitis (p<0,05). HIV-infected pregnant women have an increased incidence of anemia (p<0,05), chronic pyelonephritis (p<0,05), and skin diseases (p<0,05), and body mass deficiency is more common (p<0,05). In case of HIV infection, the frequency of operative delivery (p<0,05), premature birth (p<0,05), the frequency of formation of a low-weight fetus at a time of gestation (p<0,05), as well as perinatal mortality (p<0,05). The reserve for reducing perinatal mortality for newborns from HIV-infected mothers is in the pregravid period, testing for HIV, hepatitis C virus, correction of the patient’s weight, elimination of the iron deficiency condition, detection and rehabilitation of urogenital foci. When taking to a dispensary account, control and correction of anemia, chronic infectious diseases, monitoring of the state of the vaginal biocenosis are necessary, in the second half of pregnancy — control of fetal growth.
THE ETHNIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMBINATION OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS IN WOMEN WITH INFERTILITY AND GENITAL TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Leshchenko O. Ya. , Malanova A. B.
Published: September 2019

Genital TB is the cause of tubal-peritoneal infertility in 60–95% of clinical observations. The aim of the study was to reveal the peculiarities of reproductive disorders and combinations of sexually transmitted infections and conditionally pathogenic microflora in women with genital tuberculosis in Russian and Buryat ethnic groups. Materials and methods. The main group consisted of 92 women 32,7±4,8 years with tuberculosis of genital organs, 56 (61%) Russians and 36 (39%) Buryat. 115 women without genital tuberculosis 31,4±7,1 years, respectively, Russian and Buryat women made a comparison group. Results. The frequency of tubal peritoneal infertility among Russians and Buryats was 67,9% and 63,9%, (Pc2>0,05) in the main group. The duration of infertility for more than 5 years was 55,6% Russian and 37,5% Buryat (Pc2<0,05) in the main group. The combination of trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, chlamydia and viral infection was more often detected in women with reproductive disorders and genital tuberculosis 60,9% versus 45,2% (Pc2>0,05) without statistical difference in ethnic groups. Viral infection (cytomegalovirus and herpes of type 1, 2) was significantly more often detected in women with genital tuberculosis than in  28,3% versus 14,8%, (Pc2<0,05). Conclusion. A high incidence of genital infections and opportunistic microflora was detected in women at risk of genital tuberculosis with reproductive disorders irrespective of the presence of genital tuberculosis — 81,6%, indicating that clinical manifestations of genital tuberculosis and its combination with sexual infections in women with infertility are not specific. Experts detect Urogenital TB already in irreversible anatomical changes when the prospects of recovery of reproductive function are unsatisfied even using modern IVF.
CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF BRAIN DAMAGE IN HIV INFECTION
Authors: Azovtseva O. V. , Viktorovа E. A. , Murochkin V. V. , Shelomov A. S. , Bakulina E. G. , Veber V. R.
Published: September 2019

A feature of the HIV epidemic is currently a large number of comorbid and severe forms of the disease, with frequent involvement in the pathological process of the brain. Methods of in vivo verification of brain damage in clinical practice is sufficient, but in some cases they are limited by financial availability and time factor. Correct and timely deciphering of the nature of brain damage is necessary for the choice of treatment tactics, and as a consequence, reducing mortality. Objective: to study the epidemiology, clinic and pathomorphology of brain damage in HIV infection in conditions of urgent and planned admission of patients to a specialized hospital. Materials and methods. Clinical and pathomorphological studies of HIV-infected patients (n=85) receiving specialized medical care were carried out. The final diagnosis was made taking into account clinical, laboratory and morphological data on the classification of ICD-10 in accordance with the domestic requirements of the formulation of comorbid diagnosis. Conclusion. Brain lesions are clinically and morphologically detected in most HIV-infected patients. Opportunistic and secondary diseases with brain damage have their clinical picture, but it is not specific. From the timely decoding of the nature of brain damage depends on the choice of treatment tactics and, as a consequence, reducing the risk of death. Therefore for verification of the etiological agent, you need to conduct a comprehensive examination: clinical (neurological, psychological distress) and laboratory (cellular composition of CSF protein level and glucose) and bacteriological (seeding of CSF on the flora, on Wednesday Saburo to identify mushrooms on medium Bactec and Lowenstein-Jensen medium for detection of M.tuberculesis); immunological (number of CD4-lymphocytes, at.gondii IgM, at.gondii IgG antibodies), molecular genetic (HIV RNA; DNA HSV1, 2; VZV DNA; DNA EBV; CMV DNA; DNA ВГЧ6; T.gondii DNA; DNA of M.tuberculesis; DNA Cr.neoformans; JC virus DNA) and radiological (MRI brain) research methods. The structure of brain damage in deceased patients was dominated by toxoplasmosis in 28,8% of cases; neuroinfection of unspecified etiology in 28,8% and herpesvirus lesion in 11,9%. Rarely met: tuberculosis 8,47%; candidiasis 8,47%; PML 3,39%; cryptococcosis 3,39%; b-cell lymphoma with brain metastases 3,39%.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS, COMBINED WITH HIV INFECTION IN THE TB FACILITY OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE, DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF DRUG RESISTANCE OF THE PATHOGEN
Authors: Borovitsky V. S.
Published: September 2019

The aim: the effectiveness of the treatment tuberculosis combined with HIV infection in TB facilities of the Federal Penitentiary Service (FSIN), depending on the type of drug resistance. Materials and methods. 239 prisoners sick TB with HIV co-infection. Age: from 19 to 56 years. Results. At 50% Patients with tuberculosis, co-infected with HIV infection at Anti-tuberculosis Institution Federal Penitentiary Service will be discontinued as a result of bacterial excretion microscopy within 2 months with drug-sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mb) 3 months from the mono-and poly-resistant and 4 months multidrug resistant (MDR). By results of seeding for 3 months drug-sensitive Mb, mono-and poly-resistant; and 4 months MDR. Will be closed cavity disintegration within 3 months from the mono-resistant, 4 months for drug-sensitive Mb, 5 months with poly- and MDR Mb.
DEMOGRAPHIC AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIV-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN IN SAINT-PETERSBURG
Authors: Mozaleva O. L. , Samarina A. V.
Published: September 2019

Analysis of the epidemiological and demographic characteristics of HIV-infected pregnant women is important for organizing effective care for this group of patients and further reducing the frequency of mother-to-child transmission. Between 2014 and 2017 in Saint-Petersburg, there were 2524 deliveries in HIV-infected women who were observed during pregnancy, mainly in the Saint-Petersburg AIDS Center (AIDS Center). The average frequency of perinatal HIV transmission over the study period in the city was 1,3%, which is lower than the average for Russia. Out of 2524 women recently confined, 1858 HIV-infected women, who were observed during pregnancy at the AIDS Center in 2014–2017, were enrolled. Risk groups for perinatal HIV transmission in Saint-Petersburg are HIV-infected pregnant women: external or internal migrants, women with late registration at the dispensary registration for pregnancy in the antenatal clinic and the AIDS Center and, accordingly, late initiation of perinatal HIV transmission, active consumers of surfactants, pregnant women with low adherence to observation in medical institutions and to getting antiretroviral agents. The increase in coverage of the city’s population with HIV testing reveals new infections, including among women of reproductive age, as well as their partners. The timely use of ARV at the planning stage of pregnancy reduces perinatal HIV transmission and the risks of opportunistic diseases. The availability of medical care and free distribution of ARV drugs to all pregnant women who applied to the AIDS Center helps to reduce perinatal HIV transmission, including among internal and external migrants who do not have a permanent registration in Saint-Petersburg. Counseling women at the planning stage and during pregnancy by various specialists of the AIDS Center (gynecologists, infectious disease specialists, psychologists, narcologists) allows one to form a commitment to monitoring, to receiving ARV, giving up bad habits, to reduce the incidence of HIV-dissidence.
THE CHANGE IN THE INCIDENCE OF SOME HERPES VIRUS INFECTIONS IN POPULATIONS WITH A HIGH PREVALENCE OF HIV INFECTION
Authors: Bayanova T. A. , Kudryavtseva D. P. , Plotnikova Yu. K. , Botvinkin A. D.
Published: September 2019

Objective: to characterize the structure and dynamics of the incidence of herpes virus infections (recorded in statistical forms) in a region with a high prevalence of HIV infection. Materials and methods. The state medical statistics for the Irkutsk region for the first 20 years after the start of the spread of HIV infection (2002–2017) was used as the material for the study. At the first stage, a retrospective analysis of the incidence of herpes virus infections was performed. The long-term incidence of herpes virus infections among children, adolescents and adults was compared with the prevalence of HIV infection in the population with the calculation of the Spearman correlation. At the second stage, a cohort study was conducted. The incidence rates of cytomegalovirus infection were compared in a cohort of patients with HIV infection and among the rest of the population. Relative risks of cytomegalovirus infection detection were assessed over the years 2008 and 2015. Conclusion. By 2017, the prevalence of HIV infection in the general population reached 1,7%. There was a direct strong correlation (0,7–0,8) between the prevalence of HIV infection and the incidence of chickenpox, infectious mononucleosis and cytomegalovirus infection. Starting in 2007, incidence of herpes virus infections was increased among children as well as among adults. In 2008–2015 the relative risk of cytomegalovirus infection in a cohort of HIV patients increased from 70,1 to 130,3. The incidence of herpes simplex among HIV patients was also increased.
Glucolipotoxicity, β-Cells, and Diabetes: The Emperor Has No Clothes
Authors: Weir Gordon C.
Published: September 2019

Reduction of β-cell mass and function is central to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The terms glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, and glucolipotoxicity are used to describe potentially responsible processes. The premise is that chronically elevated glucose levels are toxic to β-cells, that elevated lipid levels in the form of circulating free fatty acids (FFA) also have toxic effects, and that the combination of the two, glucolipotoxicity, is particularly harmful. Much work has shown that high concentrations of FFA can be very damaging to β-cells when used for in vitro experiments, and when infused in large amounts in humans and rodents they produce suppression of insulin secretion. The purpose of this Perspective is to raise doubts about whether the FFA levels found in real-life situations are ever high enough to cause problems. Evidence supporting the importance of glucotoxicity is strong because there is such a tight correlation between defective insulin secretion and rising glucose levels. However, there is virtually no convincing evidence that the alterations in FFA levels occurring during progression to diabetes are pathogenic. Thus, the terms lipotoxicity and glucolipotoxicity should be used with great caution, if at all, because evidence supporting their importance has not yet emerged.
Antithrombin III in the prevention of thrombotic complications in high risk patients undergoing liver transplantation
Authors: Kuznetsova N. K. , Klychnikova E. V. , Zhuravel S. V. , Olisov O. D. , Utkina I. I. , Novruzbekov M. S. , Reshetnyak V. I.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. Recent studies have indicated an increased incidence of thrombotic vascular complications after liver transplantation. The reasons may be associated with surgical technique and “unbalanced” hemostasis in patients with diffuse liver diseases. The imbalance is determined by the deficiency of physiological procoagulants and anticoagulants due to a reduced protein-synthesis function of the liver in chronic hepatocyte injury. At the same time, 90% of all spontaneous antithrombin activity is associated with antithrombin III.

Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of using antithrombin III concentrate in liver transplant patients.

Material and methods. A retrospective study included 46 patients undergoing liver transplantation who had nonocclusive thrombosis in the portal vein system prior to surgery and postoperative venous or arterial thrombosis.

Results. The treatment results were compared between the group with antithrombin III concentrate and the control group in patients with portal vein thrombosis before surgery and postoperative venous or arterial thrombosis; the antithrombin III activity dynamics in the early postoperative period was assessed; the incidence of infectious, and vascular complications and the mortality rates were analyzed.

Conclusion. The antithrombin III concentrate administration during liver transplantation and in the postoperative period contributes to a rapid normalization of antithrombin III activity in blood, the decrease in mortality and in the incidence of infectious and thrombotic complication rates.
“Pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis in a kidney transplant recipient”, about the paper by the authors R.O. Kantariya, A.V. Vatazin, A.B. Zulkarnayev, V.A. Stepanov from Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute n.a. M.F. Vladimirskiy, Moscow, Russia, published in Transplantologiya Journal No. 2, 2019
Authors: Kaabak M. M.
Published: September 2019

Кантария Р.О., Ватазин А.В., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Степанов В.А. Туберкулез легких и кишечника у реципиента почечного трансплантата. Трансплантология. 2019;11(2):141–149. https://orcid.org/10.23873/2074-0506-2019-11-2-141-149
DESA TRUNYAN: MASYARAKAT DAN KEBUDAYAANNYA
Authors: PramithaYasa Febby , Wardana Putra Yana
Published: September 2019

DESA TRUNYAN: MASYARAKAT DAN KEBUDAYAANNYAolehI Gede Febby Pramitha Yasa dan I Putu Putrayana WardanaFeby_guanteng@gmail.com , putra.yana@undiksha.ac.idPendahuluanBali merupakan sebuah pulau yang berada di wilayah Indonesia. Bali merupakandestinasi wisata terbaik yang berada di Indonesia. Selain keindahan alamnya yangmempesona bali juga terkenal dengan budayanya serta tradisinya yang khas dan tidakdimiliki oleh daerah lainnya.Salah satu tradisi yang sekaligus menjadi destinasi wisata terbaik yang berada diBali adalah desa Trunyan. Desa yang berada di kecamatan Kintamani ini mampu memikatwisatawan domestik maupun internasional dengan keunikan budayanya dan tradisinya.
Molecular-genetic and phenotypic characteristics of desmoid-type fibromatosis
Authors: Muzaffarova T.A. , Novikova O.V. , Sachkov I.Yu. , Kipkeeva F.M. , Ginter E.K. , Karpukhin A.V.
Published: September 2019

Desmoid-type fibromatosis (DF) is a rare mesenchymal tumor occurring in only 2 to 4 people per 1,000,000 population a year. Desmoid tumors are either seen sporadically or in individuals with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). The etiology of sporadic DF is uncertain. The aim of this study was to estimate the potential significance of germline mutations in the APC gene in patients with sporadic DF. APC exons were amplified, studied using conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis and then Sanger-sequenced. The obtained data were processed in Statistica 10. Mutations were detected in 6 (12%) of 51 participants with sporadic DF. Those 6 patients shared a typical DF phenotype characterized by early age of onset (5.8 years on average, in contrast to the patients without APC mutations, who developed DF at 19 years of age; p = 0.02), severe clinical course, multifocal localization on the trunk, and poor prognosis. All of the detected APC mutations were localized to the 3'-end of the gene. For the purpose of comparison, we analyzed a sample of 12 patients with FAP-associated DF. Of those patients, 6 carried mutations in the APC gene. In the analyzed sample, the patients with FAP and the mutant APC gene developed DF at older age (35 years) than the patients with sporadic DF (p = 0.004) and their tumors were not multifocal. This means that sporadic and FAP-associated desmoids have different phenotypes in patients with APC mutations. Patients with sporadic tumors have mutations at the 3'-end of the APC gene more often than individuals with FAP-associated DF. To our knowledge, this is the first study to characterize the subtype of sporadic desmoid fibromatosis phenotypically determined by germline mutations in the APC gene.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for assessing neovascularization of carotid atherosclerotic plaque
Authors: Evdokimenko A.N. , Chechetkin A.O. , Druina L.D. , Tanashyan M.M.
Published: September 2019

Neovascularization of a carotid atherosclerotic plaque (AP) is associated with an increased risk of stroke. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is a widely used method for imaging intraplaque neovascularization in vivo. Unfortunately, there are no standardized guidelines for CEUS interpretation. The aim of this study was to identify the most reliable method for CEUS-based assessment of AP neovascularization. Seventy-eight AP were removed during carotid endarterectomy in 73 patients, of whom 5 had AP on both sides, and examined morphologically. All patients underwent preoperative duplex scanning and CEUS; Sonovue was used as a contrast agent. AP neovascularization was assessed on a 4-grade visual scale and with 3 different quantitative methods using QLAB software. On the visual scale (method 1), poorly (37%) and moderately (51%) vascularized plaques were the most common. Quantitative analysis (data were presented as Me (Q1; Q3)) revealed that the number of blood vessels per 1 cm2 of the plaque (method 2) was 16 (10; 26), the ratio of the total vessel area to the plaque area (method 3) was 6% (3; 9), and AP ROI (method 4) was 2.6 dB (1.8; 4.1). Significant correlations were demonstrated between the results produced by method 2 and method 3 (р < 0.0001), method 3 and method 2 (p = 0.0006), and between pathomorphological findings and the results produced by methods 1–3, especially method 2 (p < 0.004). AP ROI brightness did not correlate with other results. The presence of hyperechoic components (calcifications) in AP dramatically reduced the reliability of US-based intraplaque neovascularization assessment. The most accurate CEUS-based quantitative method for assessing intraplaque neovascularization is estimation of blood vessel number per 1 cm2 of the plaque.
A hegemonia às avessas no Programa Mais Educação
Authors: De Almeida da Silva Jamerson , Pinto Silva Katharine
Published: September 2019

Analisa a concepção de educação integral do Programa Mais Educação, nova estratégia do governo federal para a educação integral em tempo integral na escola pública brasileira. Por meio da análise de documentos que fundamentam o programa, constatamos uma concepção intercultural, assentada numa gestão intersetorial e sistêmica, instrumentos de democratização e inovação capazes de melhorar a qualidade da educação.
O crescimento da liberdade como fim educacional: a relação entre o pensamento reflexivo e a liberdade na obra de John Dewey
Authors: Correa Rômulo , Matos José
Published: September 2019

Propõe analisar a relação entre o cultivo do pensamento reflexivo e o crescimento da liberdade individual, tendo como fonte principal a obra Como Pensamos (1933), de John Dewey. Para ele, a finalidade da educação é formar indivíduos livres, capazes de direcionar sua conduta e adaptar as condições do ambiente a seu favor. Nesse caso, o crescimento da liberdade é um efeito da educação que estimula o indivíduo ao exercício contínuo do pensamento reflexivo. O presente discurso procura mostrar por que o conceito evolutivo de liberdade de Dewey é mais eficiente do que a teoria educacional criticada por ele, que confunde liberdade com espontaneidade e, por causa disso, considera a criança livre para dirigir suas atividades. Essa confusão resulta na condenação da autoridade do professor e na perigosa ideia de que o ser humano imaturo não precisa de direção externa para alcançar a liberdade.
A educação em direitos humanos para amenizar os conflitos no cotidiano das escolas
Authors: Zluhan Mara , Raitz Tânia
Published: September 2019

Destaca a importância da educação para favorecer a cultura da paz e da solidariedade nas escolas. Diante das diferentes violências expressas cotidianamente na sociedade, a educação em direitos humanos aparece como uma alternativa para buscar respostas aos inúmeros conflitos existentes nas escolas e no seu entorno. Ao entender-se que a escola é o germe de modificação do indivíduo, que traz em si a essência de tal modificação por meio das potencialidades que pode desenvolver, deve-se colocar o aluno no centro desse processo e pensar em uma educação que possa valorizá-lo e respeitá-lo em suas diferenças e, ao mesmo tempo, mostrar que o seu futuro pode ser construído com base na cidadania.
Currículos de formação de professores de língua portuguesa: instituições autônomas e o poder de sua história
Authors: Penin Sonia , Galian Cláudia , Valdemarin Vera
Published: September 2019

Baseia-se em uma pesquisa interinstitucional que focaliza o âmbito mais amplo em que são formuladas e implementadas as políticas de formação de professores no Estado de São Paulo. Tem por objetivo contribuir para a elucidação das forças presentes em movimentos de reforma curricular nos cursos de licenciatura, cotejando dados e aspectos socioculturais e institucionais circundantes. A análise incide sobre projetos pedagógicos de dois cursos de Letras de duas universidades públicas paulistas. Essas instituições desenvolveram, nos últimos anos, projetos ou ações de formação de professores para a escola básica, e é nesse contexto que se inserem os projetos pedagógicos analisados, que são tomados como exemplos de caminhos diferenciados que as universidades traçam, influenciadas pela história de cada instituição. O procedimento de pesquisa adotado foi a análise documental e o conceito de currículo em processo orientou as reflexões desenvolvidas. Reafirma-se, como em outros estudos, que a necessária integração entre saberes pedagógicos e saberes provenientes da área de referência continua sendo tarefa difícil, que as circunstâncias na criação dos cursos e a formação superposta deixou suas marcas nas instituições e que as tentativas para superá-la constituem exemplos esparsos e não modelos generalizados, o que ressalta a relevância da continuidade das pesquisas sobre o currículo dos cursos de licenciatura.
Memorial de formação escrito no decorrer da prática docente: aprendizagens sobre alfabetização e letramento
Authors: Albuquerque Mayra , Frison Lourdes Maria , Porto Gilceane
Published: September 2019

Tem como objetivo apresentar a pesquisa acerca das aprendizagens realizadas por uma acadêmica do curso de licenciatura em Pedagogia, descritas em um memorial reflexivo, enquanto bolsista do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação a Docência (Pibid). Para análise do memorial de formação escrito pela bolsista ao longo de sua atuação no programa, utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo, da qual emergiram duas diferentes categorias: a) contribuições do Pibid na formação acadêmica; b) efeitos do Pibid na aprendizagem dos alunos atendidos pelo programa na escola de atuação. Conclui-se que a bolsista realizou atividades estratégicas que potencializou sua aprendizagem, como também estimulou a aprendizagem dos alunos da escola envolvidos no programa.
Ensino colaborativo para o apoio à inclusão escolar: práticas colaborativas entre os professores
Authors: Vilaronga Carla , Mendes Enicéia
Published: September 2019

Para uma educação que atenda às demandas de todos os alunos, é necessário pensar em estratégias que busquem o sucesso na aprendizagem, entre elas o modelo de ensino colaborativo, quando o professor da sala comum trabalha em colaboração com o docente de educação especial. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar as experiências práticas de ensino colaborativo dos professores de educação especial do município de São Carlos-SP, que participaram de uma formação na temática em 2011. O estudo é baseado na pesquisa-ação colaborativa. Os dados analisados trazem exemplos de coensino em diferentes estágios e reflexões sobre os fatores que podem contribuir para essa realidade na escola.