bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring the Service Quality of E-Commerce and Competitive Strategies
Authors: Chang Shu-Fong , Chang Jen-Chi , Lin Kuo-Hua , Yu Bin , Lee Yu-Cheng , Tsai Sang-Bing , Zhou Jie , Wu Chao , Yan Zi-Chun
Published: January 2015

The global online shopping market has exhibited consistent growth, exceeding an annual average growth rate of 10% from 2006 to 2010; however, the online shopping market in Taiwan demonstrated an astounding growth rate, surpassing 35% during the same period. In the current competitive and rapidly expanding market environment, shopping website providers must establish effective methods for measuring and improving service quality to increase customer satisfaction levels. In this study, four service quality dimensions of the e-core service quality scale (E-S-QUAL; efficiency, system availability, fulfillment, and privacy) were used to measure the service quality of shopping websites. Subsequently, the simultaneous importance-performance analysis (SIPA) method and analytical Kano model were integrated to analyze the market competition strategies adopted among members of the shopping website industry. Finally, suggestions are provided regarding potential management methods for the case companies.
Quasi Float Time Revealing when Evaluating Construction Schedules Based on Discounting
Authors: Bolotin Sergey , Kotovskaya Marina , Ptuhin Ivan , Ptuhina Irina , Chahkiyev Ilya , Ćetković Jasmina
Published: January 2015

The article gives reasons for the calculation method of horizon planning based on the analysis of space-cost analogy. The latent regularities have been found out to make it possible to define the functional dependence between planning horizon and discount rate which is used for investment construction projects performance evaluation. Derivation of the formula has been presented herein, which allows calculating the changes in work in the function duration due to quasi float time of its start provided discounted estimates of the up-to-date cost of work are invariant.
Construction of Temporary Accommodation Camp and Selection of Optimal Type of Building
Authors: Birjukov Aleksandr , Bolotin Sergey
Published: January 2015

Surveys performed nationwide show that mobile temporary accommodation camps are being manufactured by more than 200 specialized enterprises (without considering the minor manufacturers) acting under different ministries and agencies. According to the analysis performed, today 26 basic mobile structural systems consisting of 18 conveyor-type and 8 demountable-type systems are being used on a national basis. Today national manufacturers are producing more than 250 types of container-type buildings and facilities which differ in functionality, capacity, climatic category, price and other technical-and-economic indexes. Use of mobile accommodation complexes is characterized by certain advantages. Basic criterion for mobile accommodation camp construction consists in its timely commissioning. Basic predicted indexes affecting the cost of temporary accommodation camp could serve as an endorsement of the forwarded standpoint.
Spatial and Technological Design Principles of Mountain Resort Hotels
Authors: Radovic Goran
Published: January 2015

Tourism and tourism industry today represents one of the bearers of the economic development of many countries. Hotel is main tourist-catering accommodation facility and its design and functionality must be in accordance with the needs and demands of tourists. Mountain hotel is a distinctive type and vacation hotel which has its own characteristics in terms of the needs of guests and therefore to please the needs of guests, mountain hotels have particular kinds of content and areas that are not encountered in other types of hotels. For this reason, architecture, external landscaping, views, interiors, equipment and comfort are the main characteristics of the mountain hotel.
Revitalization as the Principle of Architectural Heritage Protection – Case Study of Serbia and Russia
Authors: Penić Milja , Murgul Vera , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

This article elicits restoration experience regarding heritage-listed buildings in the cities of Nish (Serbia) and Saint-Petersburg (Russia). Protection of architectural heritage having cultural and historical value is increasingly gaining in importance in modern society so it is necessary to establish the principles of intervention, when and to what extent it is necessary or desirable. The principles applied in this field make continuous progress and there are new, innovative techniques that are the subject of this case study. Revitalization of Villa Zivkovic (Serbia, the city of Nish) offers an analysis of technically advanced and innovative approach to active protection in the context of sustainable development while preserving the potential cultural value of this important building, representing the movement of early Modern. The article also deals with existing standards for conservation of cultural heritage objects in Saint-Petersburg, (Russia). The structure of protection areas for cultural heritage of historically developed central districts of Saint-Petersburg is presented herein. The article presents assigned for imposing constraints on restoration activities with respect to historical buildings.
Redevelopment Project of Shuvalovsky Park
Authors: Makarevich Svetlana , Pavlov Sergey , Terleev Vitaly
Published: January 2015

The paper presents the results of work dedicated to the problem of redevelopment historical parks, as well as attracting the attention of investors to the problem of reconstruction and creation of a modern urban park with necessary infrastructure. The current state of the park were examined and proposed zoning of the territory with the historical component. In the project used visual, graphical and analytical methods obtaining and processing information.
Program- and Goal-Oriented Approach to Organization of Monitoring Deformations of Buildings and Structures
Authors: Volkov Viktor , Smirnov Vladimir
Published: January 2015

A new program-and goal-oriented approach is offered for organization of geodetic monitoring of deformations of buildings and structures, which unlike the deterministic approach requiring strict adherence to the basic provisions of scientifically unjustified, obsolescent regulatory materials, helps synthesize the main parameters of the repeated geodetic observations on a scientifically justifiable basis with representativeness and ample reliability of determining deformation characteristics of buildings and structures.
Reconstruction of Courtyards in Historical Buildings of Saint-Petersburg – Ways to Improve Quality of Interior Space
Authors: Murgul Vera
Published: January 2015

Courtyards in historical building of Saint-Petersburg can be normally featured with an insufficient level of light and solar exposure and poor natural airing. They are often turned into parking places causing even worse air quality there. The article deals with construction experience of atriums in the historical center of Saint-Petersburg. Possibilities to have internal yards made of glass in accordance with protection regularities for cultural heritage-listed objects of Saint-Petersburg have been analyzed herein. Glazing of secluded yards is suggested to be performed pursuing the aim to improve quality of courtyards environment.
Evolution of Application of Neogothic Forms in the Russian Architecture of the XVIII-XIX Centuries
Authors: Yamshanov Igor , Murgul Vera , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

The publication is devoted to development of Neogothic architecture in Russia. The little-known facts concerning features of a Neogothic stylistics of the XVIII-XIX century are considered.
Optimizing Transport-Logistic Cluster Freight Flows of a Port Megacity on the Basis of GIS
Authors: Kotikov Jurij , Kravchenko Pavel
Published: January 2015

The issues of optimizing road cargo flow of the transport and logistics cluster (TLC) of a port metropolis, for example, St. Petersburg are regarded. The need to clear the central part of the city of warehouses and freight lines, to transfer them to the ring roads area is highlighted. Being the hub of the international transport corridor (ITC), St. Petersburg requires the implementation of "Foreland-Hinterland" and "Hub-and-Spoke" logistics concepts. Special emphasis is placed on the need to optimize the allocation of traffic flows and the possibility of solving this issue in the GIS ArcGIS environment. The issue of justification of withdrawing the routes of the cargo flows from the city center to the ring roads is solved quantitatively.
Reforms of St. Petersburg Municipal Services Regulatory Bodies in the First Half of XIX Century
Authors: Zolotareva Milena
Published: January 2015

One can track the changes in state policy on work of the city regulatory bodies in the first half of XIX century in the sphere of provision of urban amenities and construction using the example of St. Petersburg, as the capital was the center of governmental attention in the discussed period. The government had the task “to start off the mechanism” of faultless functioning for the State Duma and the city in general. Analyzing the legislative basis of the time, one can say that the search for the solution lay in the sphere of increasing of real estate property volumes and revenues received from their use.
Analysis of Compatibility of Contemporary Residential Housing in Nis with Current Standards in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Kondić Slaviša , Živković Milica , Tanić Milan , Keković Aleksandar , Petrović Marjan , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

Contemporary housing in the Republic of Serbia is significantly influenced by political and social changes, at the end of XX and the beginning of XXI century. Drastic increase of poverty, as a consequence of these changes, reflected on housing market. Reduction of apartment size, and lower construction quality were primary methods of reducing apartment cost. These cost reduction strategies induced numerous problems in the exploitation of apartments. In the last few years the attempts were made to regulate housing market by new legislation. This paper analyses compatibility of existing housing units, constructed in this period, with new Standard. The objective of the paper is to determine the extent of deviation of from new legislative in order to evaluate the need for the reconstruction as well as for potential correction of the Standard.
Modern Principles of Air Exchange Concept in Premises of Different Purpose
Authors: Pozin Gary , Grimitlin Alexander
Published: January 2015

Modern scientific principles of air exchange and air distribution calculations are meant in the development of calculation methods based on complex consideration of stream flows and approximative models regularity – i.e. system of heat-air balance equations compiled for specific volumes of the premise. The article defines most significant factors affecting the formation of gas, moisture and velocity fields in the premise, namely: heat emission sources, intake streams, descending convective air flows occurring near cold surfaces, heat losses (or intakes), draft ventilation (general exchange and local). Issues regarding determination of intake air volumes and distribution of the above inside the premises were considered in close interrelation with each other (i.e. principle of air exchange and air distribution conjoint calculation). Consistency of calculation methods has been repeatedly proved with physical models and in field conditions.
Selection of Hot Water Supply Metering Devices for Residential Buildings
Authors: Pukhkal Viktor , Jurmanov Boris
Published: January 2015

Experimental measurements of actual hot water consumption in residential building have been performed. It was established that distribution of hot water for domestic needs has random character and constitutes non-stationary process. It was proposed for hot water supply systems calculation to employ “rated mode of water consumption”. Rated mode is a simplified mathematical description of entire ordered collection of hourly consumptions anticipated during rated period of hot water supply system operation. Most precise description of water consumption rated mode may be obtained with coefficient of general hourly discontinuity at 98% coverage. Selection of hot water metering devices for residential house requires that operating flow rate of water meter should correspond by maximum to residential building water consumption parameters. Methods of calculation of daily water volumes passing through water meter at flow rates lower than transient flow rate value for the specified device were proposed.
Objective Estimation of the Use of Windproof and Weatherproof Membranes in Double Skin Facades
Authors: Smirnov Igor , Shesterova Ekaterina , Nemova Darya , Petrichenko Mikhail
Published: January 2015

In this article provides a reasoned justification for the use of weatherproof membranes from fiberglass in double skin facades according to the criteria for optimum design of heat and humidity regime. The experiment of membranes' flammability was carried out. The article presents the results of the membrane’s effect on the flow into double skin facades.
Modeling of Natural Gas Transportation and Distribution in Low Pressure Gas Pipelines
Authors: Gnezdilova Olga , Shedrina Galina , Amelin Vasily
Published: January 2015

It is known that the area of the implementation of automated systems for remote control of the technological processes of gas transportation and distribution, as well as its commercial metering and consumption is set for the settlements with population exceeding 100 thousand people. It has a centralized structure, including the lower level − controlled stations, and the upper level − central dispatcher board, which is implemented in the form of automation-equipped workstations connected using computer networks.
Designing Filtraring Equipment Forwater Wells of the Municipal Water Intakes in the City of Kursk
Authors: Akulshin Anatoliy , Kobelev Nikolay , Polivanova Tatyana , Kretova Valeria , Kobelev Vladimir
Published: January 2015

The issue of the development of filters for water wells, which work in hydrological conditions of Kursk water intakes,is discussed in the article. The article presents the main parameters forchoosing filtering equipment, its modern design and manufacturers.The basic problems arising whilewater well filtersoperation and the ways of solving these problems are presented. The paper givesa design of easily retrievable filter recommended for hydrogeological conditions of water intakes of Kursk.
Determination of Wastewater Purification Index under Joint Action of Several Pollution Sources in Marine Water Areas
Authors: Bezborodov Sergey , Zemlynaya Nina
Published: January 2015

Active use of marine water areas makes necessitate a rational ecological planning of human activities in the coastal zones. The difficulty of solving environmental problem is that in marine water aria come pollutants from many sources of all kinds. In our research for solve the problem of determining the requirements for water users on the basis of prediction formed functional for each pollutant and source of pollution. Minimizing this functional under various constraints define the requirements for each water users.
Experimental Modeling and Electrochemical Analysis of Salted Oily Wastewaters
Authors: Simonenko Elizaveta , Starkov Vyacheslav , Molodkina Ludmila , Chusov Alexander N.
Published: January 2015

The results of potentiometric titration and determination of the specific conductivity of mineralized oily wastewater from landfill areaand the results of the analysis of individual and combined model systems (bicarbonate, phosphate and hydrogen sulphide) at different volume ratios and a wide range of mineral saltsconcentrations were compared. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of studied wastewater buffer system were defined.
Energy Performance of Particle Settling in Cyclones
Authors: Strelets Ksenia , Petrochenko Marina , Girgidov Armen
Published: January 2015

The most common way of how to purify gas from the solid and fluid air contaminant particles contained therein is the flow deformation and removal of particles under the action of inertial forces. This approach is realized in the cyclone system. To estimate the particles settling regularity and to optimize the construction of the cyclone device mathematic models of movement of particles in the rotational flow are used. Nowadays a number of mathematic models which describe this process are used. Normally the impact of the rotational flow turbulence is not taken into account in the existing models. Essentially new possibilities to estimate the particles settling regularity are provided by using the model of the turbulent diffusion with the finite velocity (DFV) which is demonstrated in the article.
Increase the Energy Efficiency of the Multi-Story Apartment Building
Authors: Vatin Nikolay , Nemova Darya , Ibraeva Yulia , Tarasevskii Philipp
Published: January 2015

The article presents a structural analysis of the energy consumption of multi-story residential building, which based on analysis of the actual data flow and heat consumption data and energy audit for assessing the condition of the heating system. Methods been proposed to improve energy efficiency. The calculation shows the need and economic feasibility of the implementation of organizational and technical measures proposed in the article.
The Increase of the Thermal Shielding Level for a Residence Building of 1-528 KP Series
Authors: Vatin Nikolay , Nemova Darya , Kazimirova Alexandra , Gureev Kirill
Published: January 2015

In article the structural analysis of power consumption of the building of house series 1-528 KP is carried out, on the basis of the analysis of actual data of heat consumption and the carried-out tool energy audit the data, allowing to estimate a condition of systems of heating, power supply, water supply are obtained. Actions for energy efficiency increase are offered. It is shown need and economic feasibility of performance of the organizational and technical actions offered to realization on economy of thermal and electric energy.
Sustainable City Development: Implementation Practices in Riga
Authors: Zajacs Aleksandrs , Zemitis Jurgis , Prozuments Aleksejs , Tihomirova Kristina , Borodinecs Anatolijs
Published: January 2015

To develop potential of the cities in the field of energy efficiency improvements and use of renewables, there is a need for new and more ambitious goals in line with the actual situation. Growing concern of smart city development and urban resilience has become increasingly embedded in urban planning, national security and energy policy. One of the main city documents focused on actions and measures to be implemented in City is Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP), which is the key document in which the Covenant signatory outlines how it intends to reach its CO2 reduction target by 2020.
Taking into account specifics of modern cities and future city development at Smart City level the existing SEAP should be enhanced. Nowadays it is necessary to bring existing standalone energy actions at cross sector level in order to ensure urban resilience. Currently there are 3414 cities across the Europe and eastern partners which already have developed SEAP. The paper draws attention to areas with high impact to smart city development. In terms of Smart Cities the most powerful actions are those which directly affect at least these three sectors - energy, ICT and transport.
Paper provides some good practice examples from the city of Riga. The losses of the heat transmitted to consumers by JSC "Rigas Siltums" - main heat supplier of Riga have been decreased by 667 thous. MWh or 2.45 times in comparison to year 1996/1997. Following the completion of reconstruction of the boiler houses, construction of a biofuel fired water heating boiler, construction of the biofuel fired cogeneration plant, installation of flue gas condensers for biofuel fired boilers at the DHP the share of biofuel utilization within the fuel balance of the JSC „RĪGAS SILTUMS” will reach 20.4% in fiscal year 2013/2014. The total energy produced from renewable energy sources since 01.01.1996 until 8.04.2014 is 920463.107 MWh.
The project “Heat meters automatic remote reading system” proved to be a successful and reliable solution for the control and accounting of consumed heat, as well as related tasks enabling “online communication” with 8000 individual heating units throughout the Riga city.
Development and introduction of electric cars and filling station infrastructure in Riga was one more step on the way to the SMART CITY status. Despite a fairly long payback period electric cars are quite beneficial solution for some companies whose activities are related with vehicles’ high mileage within the city as LLC “Rigas Satiksme
Thermal Insulation Features of Residential Historical Buildings in the Case of Saint-Petersburg
Authors: Murgul Vera , Pukhkal Viktor , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

Stiff requirements for power consumption in buildings made it necessary to keep historical buildings of Saint-Petersburg warm. The majority of buildings in the historical center of Saint-Petersburg are historical and cultural monuments under protection.Existing protective regulations do not allow any changes in front facades of buildings rich in architectural decorations. However, courtyard facades, as a rule, can be exposed to exterior changes. This gives grounds for different approaches to heat facades of historical buildings. The article mainly focuses on internal heating of front facades. A construction for heating exterior walls based on extrusion-type polystyrene foam panels has been suggested herein. A required thickness of insulating material has been determined and moisture regime for insulated and non-insulated exterior walls has been analyzed. Recommendations to choose constructions for internal insulation of exterior walls in historical buildings of Saint-Petersburg have been elaborated.
Fire Resistance of Non-Crack Resistant Flexural Reinforced Concrete Elements
Authors: Belov Vyacheslav , Morozov Valery
Published: January 2015

In developed countries only loss of property because of fire makes annually up to 2% of their national income [9, 15]. The bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures at high temperature impact is lost within several dozens of minutes [1, 3, 5, 10, 12, 18, 25]. Disappointing statistics of increase of both the number of fires and the scope of damage due to them aggravates the actual problem of determination of reinforced concrete structures fire-endurance. The main problems and methods of evaluation of reinforced concrete structure fire resistance are stated. Within the framework of block approach to evaluation of strain of flexural reinforced concrete elements with cracks, design model of reinforced concrete thermo-force resistance is made. Extended nomenclature of influences of high temperature at fire on decrease of performance of bearing reinforced concrete structures is considered. Empirical dependencies of strength and strain characteristics of concrete and reinforcement on high temperatures are used. Proposals on specification of evaluation of fire resistance of statically indeterminate reinforced concrete structures are formulated.
Energy-Efficient Modernization of the Nobel’s Mansion in Saint Petersburg: Solar Energy Supply Potential
Authors: Aronova Ekaterina , Radovanović Željka , Murgul Vera , Vatin Nikolay , Shvarts Maxim
Published: January 2015

The mansion of the Nobel family is one of the most featured world recognized monuments of the city of Saint-Petersburg. The article deals with a reconstruction option of the Nobel’s mansion space aimed at gaining extra area to be used for the purpose of solar power generation. Photovoltaic systems are suggested to be used as an alternative energy resource to ensure in-house demand for heating. Inputs of solar radiation on the surfaces oriented in different directions have been estimated herein. A computation method and estimations for energy production of PV-modules placed under conditions of partial shading cased by the building’s wings have been presented herein as well. An optimal inclination angle of the modules with respect to the horizon, which can ensure maximum energy gains under weather conditions of Saint-Petersburg, has amounted to 35°.
Climate Changes in the Light of Relation between Highly Developed Countries and the Rest of the World
Authors: Komatina Dragan , Paunovic Zaric Sanja , Alihodzic Jasarovic Ema , Kosanović Saja , Murgul Vera , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

The paper deals with the influence of eight most developed countries (G8) to climate changes, as well as with reflection of those changes to other countries of the world, which have the same right of the planet as a common home. The beginning of 21st century, technological expansion, economic shifting, the struggle for dominance in economic resources, economic turbulences due to lack of an idea on economic prosperity are the factors which put over than 3/5 of the Earth's population in an unenviable position. The influence of „giants“ to climate changes and decisions regarding planet's preservation, puts without an alternative over 6 billion inhabitants in a position of second class citizens which do not have the power required for resistance to the influence of the strong economic lobby of highly developed countries.
The Architectural Concept of the Building with Low Energy Consumption
Authors: Perlova Elena , Karpova Svetlana , Rakova Xeniya Mikhailovna , Bondarenko Evgeny , Platonova Maria , Gorshkov Alexander S.
Published: January 2015

Energy-efficient construction has been developing only since recent times; however, the field of its application is surprising. Why is it so? First, there is the continuous increase of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. In such case, there is an urgent necessity to reduce the volume of fuel consumed as a whole. Second, energy recourses become expensive due to decreasing of renewable energy sources. Consequently, energy savings become a global question. One of the areas to reduce energy consumption is housing, which consumes approximately 30 to 40% of all energy resources. Presently, there are countries that have lower intakes of energy for heating buildings already and they are entering the near future with technology of the construction of buildings with zero energy consumption. The object of this work is to design a demonstration model of a building with energy consumption close to zero. The current article describes activities that reduce energy consumption of the building by selecting the rational architectural planning and three-dimensional solution.
Distance Learning System Moodle for Training of Specialists in the Field of Civil Engineering
Authors: Gamayunova Olga , Vatin Nikolay , Rechinsky Alexandr , Razinkina Elena
Published: January 2015

One of the new educational technologies that have proven of their effectiveness is the e-Learning. In many countries e-learning covers all levels of education and is widely used not only in universities but also in high school and in the organization of corporate (postgraduate) training. The article discusses the use of distance learning system Moodle for training of specialists in the field of civil engineering.
The Benefits of Authorized Training Center Autodesk for Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Tuchkevich Eugenia , Rechinsky Alexandr , Vatin Nikolay , Zolotova Julia , Tuchkevich Vladimir
Published: January 2015

The labour market dictates the principles of computer design, engineering and construction training. Knowledge of the latest information technologies is the main of them. A necessary condition for successful learning is teaching staff. Teachers should not only actively work in the design industry but have professional certification in leading programs of Autodesk.The value of certification as an independent evaluation of professionalism is growing every day. The aim of this work is to highlight the issue of benefits Authorized Training Center (ATC) Autodesk. Analyzing experience of ATC Autodesk SPbPU authors make conclusion how much ATC Autodesk is useful for higher education institutions.
Results of the Admission Campaign: Which is the Future Specialist in the Field of Civil Engineering?
Authors: Gamayunova Olga , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

In recent years, increases the pace of industrial and civil construction, as well as the scale of buildings under construction. Appear new building materials and technologies. Increased the need for skilled personnel in the field of civil engineering. Construction professions are in stable demand with school leavers. Following the results of the admission campaign in major universities of St. Petersburg, which train specialists for the construction industry, the competition and the passing score were high. The article analyzes the results of the admission campaign of this year, in particular, admission to the Civil Engineering Institute of St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University which is one of the most respected construction faculties of Russia.
The Role of the Future Civil Engineers' Motivation in the Foreign Language Learning
Authors: Kukushkina Maria
Published: January 2015

The article is dedicated to the changes happening in the sphere of higher education and concerning the foreign language education of the future civil engineers. The research held studies the main motivational factors for English language learning among the students of the Institute of Civil Engineering. The conclusions made are meant to improve the system of technical students’ foreign language education .
Experimental Testing of Retaining Walls of Precast Elements
Authors: Bonić Zoran , Davidović Nebojša , Prolović Verka , Romić Nikola , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

In contemporary construction practice is increasingly being applied flexible retaining structures of mechanically stabilized earth, gabions and precast elements. Although widely used only recently, their benefits are proven and widely accepted. The first part of the paper provides an overview of the possible ways of using of precast elements in the construction of retaining walls. The second part gives a detailed overview of the experimental testing of stability of retaining walls of prefabricated betonblok elements. The effect of static loads on the wall was examined in the first, and the effect of the dynamic loads in the second experiment. The results are analyzed and recommendations for future research are given.
Specific Features of Calculating Underground Structures Erected with Use of Freezing Method
Authors: Sakharov Igor , Paramonov Vladimir
Published: January 2015

The article regards the problems arising in building the underground structures and, in particular, escalator tunnels under the built-up areas. In case of a thick mass of weak water-saturated soil such tunnels are frequently made with the use of freezing method. The purpose of this article consists in evaluating influence of the established and degrading ice structures on soils deformations and objects contacting with them. It is offered to assess this influence using the finite elements method contemplating a consecutive solution of temperature tasks and the tasks of stress and strain state of soil in time in 3D erection. The article describes briefly the formula part and specific features of calculating temperatures and deformations of soils. By way of example a calculation of defrosting deformations around an inclined tunnel for one of the deep-laid subway stations in Saint-Petersburg has been made. The data of performed calculation are closely approximated to the full-scale measurements.
Some Aspects of Maintaining Inclined Tunnel Escalators in St. Petersburg
Authors: Bardyshev Oleg , Gordienko Valeriy
Published: January 2015

The authors of the article discuss some aspects of inclined tunnel escalators in St. Petersburg metro, related to the aging of the equipment and the necessity of its replacement in accordance with the new regulations; they propose some options for solving the existing problems.
Secure work of escalators could be achieved and maintained by two ways: by designing new models of escalators with modern technologies at the basis, as well as by constant control over existing escalators working conditions during exploitation period. Authors show that the introduction of new regulatory requirements has asked for improving the design of escalators with the decrease of their lateral dimension in order to accommodate four machines in a tunnel.
Authors also proposed methods of examining technical conditions of escalators at the final stage of their service life with the aim of extending it as well as for periodic evaluation of their technical condition using magnetic and magneto-acoustic technology in addition to the usual procedures.
Improving Technological Processes for Borehole Drilling in Construction Using Vibration Impact
Authors: Verstov Vladimir , Judina Antonina
Published: January 2015

In this article generalized results of the analysis theoretical and experimental research are presented, as well as the data on the wide-scale implementation of vibration technology for drilling boreholes for various construction purposes. Applying various types of vibration or impact vibration onto a pipe extracted from the ground allows significant decreasing of the static force, thus making it possible to avoid using high-power hoisting equipment (cranes or hydraulic hoisting jacks), avoid damaging the pipe in the process, as well as significantly decrease the costs and improve productivity. We present the data on construction processes whose efficiency can be significantly improved by using vibration on some working organs used during drilling boreholes for various construction purposes.
Coastal Ice Investigation on the Site of Further Bridge Construction - Sveagruva, Svalbard, Norway
Authors: Agafonov Anton , Ksenofontova Daria , Shkhinek Karl
Published: January 2015

Sveagruva is a mining settlement in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard, lying in the head of Van Mijenfjord. A bridge to the opposite site of the fjord is planned to be constructed for further mine development, so investigations of coastal ice forces on one of the future bridge suspensions were held.
Hydropower Potential Estimations and Small Hydropower Plants Siting: Analysis of World Experience
Authors: Arefiev Nikolay , Badenko Nikolay , Ivanov Timofey , Kotlyar Sofiya , Nikonova Olga , Oleshko Vyacheslav
Published: January 2015

Current paper is dedicated to the analysis of world experience in automated estimations of hydropower potential and identification of places for prospective small hydropower plants construction. Emphasis is put on initial data, methodology and software used by researchers worldwide.
Multicriterion Optimization of Power Sites Location on the Watercourse
Authors: Sidorenko Gennady Ivanovich , Alimirzoev Artem Surenovich
Published: January 2015

In this article we have explored the issue of optimization of HPP site location in a cascade depending on social-economic, environmental and energy limitations taking into account available cadastre of water power resources. A multicriterion problem of optimization on the network was formulated. Pareto optimal solution of this problem was obtained by means of the developed mathematical model of optimization of the HPP site location in the cascade. The optimization algorithm to solve this problem has been developed
Impact Wave on Port Mole in during Construction
Authors: Sharova Vera , Kantarzhi Igor , Giang Tran Long
Published: January 2015

During construction of port breakwater, especially if it is built from the sea, waves interact with the walls, having different finite lengths [3]. In this paper, tasks, connected with definition of wave loads on structure and scour near the structure on walls of finite length, are considered. To study these processes the special experiments have been carried [3, 8]. It were measured the wave loads on the walls of finite length and it was studied the formation of scour near the structure. A comparison was made of the experimental data with the existing analytical solutions and with experiments.
Characteristics of Bulk Carriers with Respect to the Developing Export Coal Terminals on the Far East of Russia
Authors: Kuptsov Nikolay
Published: January 2015

By this research were decided most suitable bulk carriers for the upcoming developing terminals at the Far East of Russia (20 000 ‑ 190 000 DWT).
Prodrome in Experimental Investigation the Thermal Shielding Systems in Enclosure Structures
Authors: Vatin Nikolay , Togo Issa , Bespalov Vladimir , Kuzmenkov Dmitriy , Panteleev German , Smirnitskiy Dmitriy
Published: January 2015

This work is devoted to description the outset of research the modern thermal shielding systems on the model of house, and desired outcome. Results can be basement for modernisation of building regulation, in prospect. Experiment consists in tests conducting and drafting of troubleshooting guideline.
Empirical-Statical-Dynamical (ESD) Methodology for Extrapolation of Rock Mass Properties for Construction of Tunnels
Authors: Zafirovski Zlatko , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

The investigation in rock masses in interaction with engineering structures is extremely important in a process of design of tunnels. The main problem is how to extrapolate the parameter from the zone of testing to the whole volume that is of interes for interaction analyses of the system rock mass-structure. In this article Empirical-Statical-Dynamical (ESD) methodology of extrapolation is presented. The basis of the methodology lies in combination of the results from geotechnical and geophysical testings and rock mass classification, connected with definition of adequate regressive models.
Influence of Chemical Additives on Radiation Stability of Concrete - Theoretical Basis and Evaluation Method
Authors: Pustovgar Andrey , Medvedev Vyacheslav
Published: January 2015

The influence of additives on the radiation stability of the concrete will occur through the influence of radiation changes of hardened cement paste on radiation changes of concrete and can be quite significant. The test sequence was produced according to the modified method described in case [11]. The samples were prepared in the form of prisms with the following dimensions: 10 mm x 10 mm, 30 mm. Measurement series were produced after each heating and cooling sequence. Then the difference between the values before and after heating was calculated.
Application of Styrofoam in the Elements of Building Constructions
Authors: Kostić Radinko , Pukhkal Viktor , Vatin Nikolay , Murgul Vera
Published: January 2015

The article presents the possibilities for the contemporary application of Styrofoam in the elements of building structures. Having in mind that Styrofoam belongs to a group of highly flammable materials, 5 % of combustion retarder - so called "retardant" - needs to be added to the amount when produced for structural building elements. That kind of Styrofoam is called "self-extinguishing" contrary to "normal" that does not contain that substance. The Article also shows the way in which building elements are constructed (external and interfloor construction), made out of Styrofoam using "Plastbau" technology. A possibility to use exterior wall panels ‘Plastbau’ under weather conditions of Saint-Petersburg has been considered. Temperature distribution along a wall’s section as well as a heat flow going through a building enclosure ‘Plastbau’ have been also analyzed herein.
Effect of Air-Entraining Agent LHD on the Technological Properties of Concrete Mix Containing Superplasticizer S-3
Authors: Barabanshchikov Yuri , Komarinskiy Mihail
Published: January 2015

Investigated coeffect of superplasticizer S-3 and air-entraining agents LHD (wood chemical additive) on workability, cohesion and air entrainment of concrete mix. Found that under introducing an additive LHD into the concrete mix comprising supeplastifikator S-3, the mobility of the concrete mix is reduced despite the fact that the additive LHD itself is a plasticizer. Decreased mobility from the introduction 0.1 % LHD makes: slump Abrams - 5-6 %, slump flow - 18-22 %. At the same time LHD additive contributes significantly air entrainment and reduce separating water and mortar. Effect of increasing the connectivity of the concrete mix associated with air entrainment. Regardless of the LHD additive S-3 additive does not reduces water separating, and does not have air-entraining action, and virtually no effect on air entrainment caused by the addition of LHD. With increasing content in the concrete mix additives LHD regardless of dosage S-3 amount of entrained air increases from 3 to 7%, and water separation is reduced to almost 0. Thus, synergy additives S-3 and LHD against plasticize the concrete mix was negative, but a positive effect has been observed in respect of connectivity concrete mix.
The Influence of Precompression on Strength and Strain Properties of Concrete under the Effect of Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Korsun Volodymyr I. , Korsun Artem
Published: January 2015

The article introduces the results of the experimental research and analytical expressions used to describe the dependence of strength, modulus of elasticity and ultimate strain of concrete on the level of long-term precompression at elevated temperatures up to 200°C.
Short-Time Creep of Concrete
Authors: Kharlab Vyacheslav , Maslennikov Alexander
Published: January 2015

The consideration is given to a specific component of the creep of concrete which becomes apparent within one day from the moment of load application, the so called “short-term creep”. Since the entire creep of concrete is conditioned by its water content, the short-time creep must be assigned to the most mobile water – capillary water. As far as the capillary water behavior is determined by the capillary forces acting in it, the short-term creep of concrete is considered and described in the present work as expression of capillary forces. Such description is based on a modified capillary theory of concrete shrinkage: creep is interpreted as forced shrinkage arising due to the fact that application of load leads to disturbance of hygrometric equilibrium of concrete and environment. In view of the mentioned creep interpretation as the forced shrinkage the isotropic loading of the body is considered. The purpose of this work is to determine the degree in which the capillary forces are source of the short-term creep of concrete.
Development of the Nanomodified Filler for Asphalt Concrete Mixes
Authors: Vysotskaya Marina , Rusina Svetlana
Published: January 2015

In work need of detailed studying of a water phase of a bituminous emulsion about concentration of emulsifier in its structure, and also compatibility with the concrete mineral material used in production is proved. It is offered to bring improvements in a technique of development of a compounding of a bituminous emulsion at a stage of studying and selection of a water phase.
Optimization of Provide Compositions Bitumen Emulsions, for Example the Cationic Emulsifier
Authors: Vysotskaya Marina , Korotkov Аlex
Published: January 2015

In work need of detailed studying of a water phase of a bituminous emulsion about concentration of emulsifier in its structure, and also compatibility with the concrete mineral material used in production is proved. It is offered to bring improvements in a technique of development of a compounding of the bituminous emulsion at a stage of studying and selection of a water phase. Found that in the manufacturer's recommended ranges there is no effective emulsifier concentration having a sinusoidal dependence. Samples of bituminous emulsions prepared using an emulsifier in the range of effective concentrations obtained depending confirmed. As objects of research in work emulsifiers of one of leading producers were used AkzoNobel: RedicoteE-11 и RedicoteEМ-44.
Influence of Cladding Material on the Vapor Permeability of Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate (LECA) Concrete
Authors: Dunaevskaya Julia , Zaborova Daria , Churakov Artemy , Korsun Artem
Published: January 2015

The demand for town houses using the constructions of lightweight conrete is growing rapidly in recent time. One of the most common building materials for cottage construction is lightweight aggregate blocks. An important role for lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) concrete plays such a property as vapor permeability. This paper presents the results of vapor permeability test of the samples, the analysis and recommendations for construction of the building. These samples were taken from the LECA concrete blocks covered by unidentified cladding, of which one of the town houses was under construction in the North-West of Russia. An assumption has been made that the unidentified cladding may cause losses to the building’s wall enclosure.
Special Aspects of Hydration Process of Microfine Cement
Authors: Ivanova Irina , Pustovgar Andrey , Eremin Aleksey , Adamtsevich Aleksey
Published: January 2015

The aim of the present research was to determine special features of hydration process of two commercial microfine cements compared to CEM I 42.5N cement with similar mineralogical composition. The influence of cement fineness and composition on the hydration process was investigated by isothermal calorimetry of cement pastes and quantitative X-ray powder diffraction of hydration products at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days.
Theory and Practice of Functioning Machines for Vibratory Agitation
Authors: Kuzmichev Viktor , Lyalinov Anatoly
Published: January 2015

The article tackles a mechanism of vibration effect on the construction mixes in two representations: corpuscular and phenomenological. It is known that the construction mixes belong to heterogeneous systems, where processes take place in case of vibration effect that are characterized by tixotropy property, i.е. inversability of interaction forces between the particles in case of imposition and removal of mechanical effects. It has been stated that it is more reasonable to find the qualitative and quantitative relations of various processes (phenomena) in the form of generalized relationships obtained by the methods of similarity theory and dimensions of quantity. Presented are the criterial dependencies of changing efficient viscosity of mixes under effect of vibration from the process working parameters. Proposed are the modified Reynolds and Froude criteria for the mixes vibrating processes.
It is reasonable to use the method of object internal vibratory protection when designing the vibratory agitation equipment helping reduce the level of vibration influence on the environment on the one hand, and use the vibratory effects on the material being processed to a maximum extent, on the other hand. In order to implement this method it is proposed to use the equalized eccentric vibration exciters. A number of industrial samples of vibration mixers have been presented.
Construction of Road Embankment with Waste Materials
Authors: Šešlija Miloš , Radović Nebojša , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

Fly ash represents a residue that occurs as a product of burning finely milled particles of coal in thermal power plants. The fly ash in the construction of embankments in road construction can be used with or without the addition of binders. For the construction of embankment from the ashes, aside embankments (trapezoid shape) are placed. Justification of this study is the fact that so huge amounts of this material are left aside, while there are great possibilities for using of natural materials in the construction of roads.
Application of Continuum Damage Mechanics Approach for the Strength Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Constructions
Authors: Benin Andrey
Published: January 2015

Finite-element modeling of reinforced concrete structure fracture process was carried out using models of nonlinear concrete with damage accumulation. Mechanism of cracks initiation in reinforced concrete structures was ascertained and kinetics of cracks growing in concrete due to corrosion of rebars was obtained. Fracture processes of road bridge fragment and railway bridge ballastless bed under corrosion of rebars was simulated.