bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Megacystis in the first trimester of pregnancy: Prognostic factors and perinatal outcomes
Authors: Lesieur Emmanuelle , Barrois Mathilde , Bourdon Mathilde , Blanc Julie , Loeuillet Laurence , Delteil Clémence , Torrents Julia , Bretelle Florence , Grangé Gilles , Tsatsaris Vassilis , Anselem Olivia
Published: September 2021

Objective

To determine whether bladder size is associated with an unfavorable neonatal outcome, in the case of first-trimester megacystis.

Materials and methods

This was a retrospective observational study between 2009 and 2019 in two prenatal diagnosis centers. The inclusion criterion was an enlarged bladder (> 7 mm) diagnosed at the first ultrasound exam between 11 and 13+6weeks of gestation. The main study endpoint was neonatal outcome based on bladder size. An adverse outcome was defined by the completion of a medical termination of pregnancy, the occurrence of in utero fetal death, or a neonatal death. Neonatal survival was considered as a favorable outcome and was defined by a live birth, with or without normal renal function, and with a normal karyotype.

Results

Among 75 cases of first-trimester megacystis referred to prenatal diagnosis centers and included, there were 63 (84%) adverse outcomes and 12 (16%) live births. Fetuses with a bladder diameter of less than 12.5 mm may have a favorable outcome, with or without urological problems, with a high sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (87.3%), area under the ROC curve = 0.93, 95% CI (0.86–0.99), p< 0.001. Fetal autopsy was performed in 52 (82.5%) cases of adverse outcome. In the 12 cases of favorable outcome, pediatric follow-up was normal and non-pathological in 8 (66.7%).

Conclusion

Bladder diameter appears to be a predictive marker for neonatal outcome. Fetuses with smaller megacystis (7–10 mm) have a significantly higher chance of progressing to a favorable outcome. Urethral stenosis and atresia are the main diagnoses made when first-trimester megacystis is observed. Karyotyping is important regardless of bladder diameter.
Health knowledge, health behaviors and attitudes during pandemic emergencies: A systematic review
Authors: Rincón Uribe Fabio Alexis , Godinho Rejane Célia de Souza , Machado Marcos Antonio Santos , Oliveira Kleber Roberto da Silva Gonçalves , Neira Espejo Cristian Ariel , de Sousa Natalia Carvalho Vianna , de Sousa Leonardo Lucas , Barbalho Marcos Vinicius Monteiro , Piani Pedro Paulo Freire , Pedroso Janari da Silva
Published: September 2021

Background

People with good health knowledge present a conceptual and objective appropriation of general and specific health topics, increasing their probability to express health protection and prevention measures. The main objective of this study was to conduct a rapid systematic review about the effects of health knowledge on the adoption of health behaviors and attitudes in populations under pandemic emergencies.

Methods

A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA checklist and the Cochrane method for rapid systematic reviews. Studies searches were performed in APA PsycNet, Embase, Cochrane Library and PubMed Central. Studies published between January 2009 and June 2020 and whose primary results reported a measure of interaction between health knowledge, health attitudes and behaviors in population groups during pandemics were included. A review protocol was recorded in PROSPERO (CRD42020183347).

Results

Out of a total of 5791 studies identified in the databases, 13 met the inclusion criteria. The included studies contain a population of 26099 adults, grouped into cohorts of health workers, university students, clinical patients, and the general population. Health knowledge has an important influence on the adoption of health behaviors and attitudes in pandemic contexts.

Conclusions

The consolidation of these preventive measures favors the consolidation of public rapid responses to infection outbreaks. Findings of this review indicate that health knowledge notably favors adoption of health behaviors and practices. Therefore, health knowledge based on clear and objective information would help them understand and adopt rapid responses to face a pandemic.
A multivariate statistical evaluation of actual use of electronic health record systems implementations in Kenya
Authors: Ngugi Philomena , Babic Ankica , Were Martin C.
Published: September 2021

Background

Health facilities in developing countries are increasingly adopting Electronic Health Records systems (EHRs) to support healthcare processes. However, only limited studies are available that assess the actual use of the EHRs once adopted in these settings. We assessed the state of the 376 KenyaEMR system (national EHRs) implementations in healthcare facilities offering HIV services in Kenya.

Methods

The study focused on seven EHRs use indicators. Six of the seven indicators were programmed and packaged into a query script for execution within each KenyaEMR system (KeEMRs) implementation to collect monthly server-log data for each indicator for the period 2012–2019. The indicators included: Staff system use, observations (clinical data volume), data exchange, standardized terminologies, patient identification, and automatic reports. The seventh indicator (EHR variable Completeness) was derived from routine data quality report within the EHRs. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine how individual facility characteristics affected the use of the system.

Results

213 facilities spanning 19 counties participated in the study. The mean number of authorized users who actively used the KeEMRs was 18.1% (SD = 13.1%, p<0.001) across the facilities. On average, the volume of clinical data (observations) captured in the EHRs was 3363 (SD = 4259). Only a few facilities(14.1%) had health data exchange capability. 97.6% of EHRs concept dictionary terms mapped to standardized terminologies such as CIEL. Within the facility EHRs, only 50.5% (SD = 35.4%, p< 0.001) of patients had the nationally-endorsed patient identifier number recorded. Multiple regression analysis indicated the need for improvement on the mode of EHRs use of implementation.

Conclusion

The standard EHRs use indicators can effectively measure EHRs use and consequently determine success of the EHRs implementations. The results suggest that most of the EHRs use areas assessed need improvement, especially in relation to active usage of the system and data exchange readiness.
RGB images-based vegetative index for phenotyping kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)
Authors: Han Gyung Doeok , Jang GyuJin , Kim Jaeyoung , Kim Dong-Wook , Rodrogues Renato , Kim Seong-Hoon , Kim Hak-Jin , Chung Yong Suk
Published: September 2021

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an industrial crop used as a raw material in various fields and is cultivated worldwide. Compared to high potential for its utilization, breeding sector is not vigorous partially due to laborous breeding procedure. Thus, efficient breeding methods are required for varieties that can adapt to various environments and obtain optimal production. For that, identifying kenaf’s characteristics is very important during the breeding process. Here, we investigated if RGB based vegetative index (VI) could be associated with traits for biomass. We used 20 varieties and germplasm of kenaf and RGB images taken with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for field selection in early and late growth stage. In addition, measuring the stem diameter and the number of nodes confirmed whether the vegetative index value obtained from the RGB image could infer the actual plant biomass. Based on the results, it was confirmed that the individual surface area and estimated plant height, which were identified from the RGB image, had positive correlations with the stem diameter and node number, which are actual growth indicators of the rate of growth further, biomass could also be estimated based on this. Moreover, it is suggested that VIs have a high correlation with actual growth indicators; thus, the biomass of kenaf could be predicted. Interstingly, those traits showing high correlation in the late stage had very low correlations in the early stage. To sum up, the results in the current study suggest a more efficient breeding method by reducing labor and resources required for breeding selection by the use of RGB image analysis obtained by UAV. This means that considerable high-quality research could be performed even with a tight budget. Furthermore, this method could be applied to crop management, which is done with other vegetative indices using a multispectral camera.
Under-five mortality and associated factors in southeastern Ethiopia
Authors: Kitila Firaol Lemessa , Petros Rahel Milkias , Jima Gebi Hussein , Desalegn Tewodros , Sorsa Abebe , Massey Isaac Yaw , Zhang Chengcheng , Yang Fei
Published: September 2021

Background

In the year 2019, around 5 million children under age five died and most of the deaths happened in developing countries. Though large numbers of deaths are reported in such countries, limited availability of data poses a substantial challenge on generating reliable estimates. Hence, this study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with under-five mortality in southeastern Ethiopia.

Methods

A register based cross sectional study was conducted from 1st September 2014 to July 2019 in Asella teaching and referral hospital. A total of 4901 under-five age children registered on the admission and discharge book of pediatric ward with complete information were included for the analysis. Data entry and analysis were conducted using Epidata Version 7 and SPSS version 21, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used to explore the characteristics of the study participants and their condition at discharge. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with its 95% Confidence interval and P-value less than 5% was used to decide the statistically significant association.

Results

The prevalence of under-five mortality among admitted children in Asella Teaching and Referral hospital was 8.7% (95% CI 7.91–9.50%). Post-Neonatal and Child mortality were found to be 9.1% and 8.18%, respectively. Moreover, large numbers of death (45.2%) were seen within the first 2 days of admission. Address (AOR:1.4(1.08–1.81)), HIV status (AOR:4.64 (2.19–9.8)), severe acute malnutrition (AOR:2.82 (2.03–3.91)), hypovolemic shock (AOR:4.32 (2.31–8.1)), type I diabetes with DKA (AOR:3.53(1.34–9.29) and length of stay in the hospital for ≤2 days (AOR: 4.28 (3.09–5.95)) as well as 3–4 days (AOR: 1.48 (1.02–2.15)) were among the identified predictors.

Conclusions

Though childhood mortality is swiftly decreasing, and access and utilization of health care is improving in Ethiopia, our study found large prevalence of under-five mortality, 8.7% and higher number of deaths in early days of admission. Improving the quality of service has a paramount importance in reducing the mortality and managing associated factors contributing to under-five mortality among admitted children.
Conflict driven displacement and child health: Evidence based on mother’s nationality from Jordan Population and Family Health Survey
Authors: Malik Manzoor Ahmad , Akhtar Saddaf Naaz , Albsoul Rania Ali , Alshyyab Muhammad Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Armed conflicts result in greater vulnerability and socioeconomic inequality of populations besides risking their health and well-being. Conflict intensifies the health needs and risks the life and well-being of individuals at large through displacement. Therefore, our study aims to apprise the interventions to which children under-five living in Jordan are especially at risk for acute respiratory infections, diarrhea, and fever in the conflict circumstances.

Materials and methods

Secondary data analysis is used in the present study. We used a weighted sample of around 9650 children from Jordan Population and Family Health Survey (JPFHS), 2017–18. Bivariate analysis including prevalence rates were used to examine the distribution of socio-demographic characteristics of children. The study has also used multinomial logistic regression model, in order to evaluate the variations in the probability of nationality of under-five children living in Jordan.

Results

“Syrian nationalist” children have a higher relative risk of ARI (RRR = 1.19, [1.08, 1.32]), and “Other-nationalist” children have two times greater risk of ARI compared to “Jordanian children.” The relative risk of diarrhea is lower among “Syrian nationalist” and “Other-nationalist” children compared to “Jordanian children.” Children belong “Other-nationalist” are found to be less relative risk of fever (RRR = 0.9, [0.80, 1.01]) than “Jordanian children.”

Conclusions

Our study concludes that conflict-driven displacement has an immediate effect on child health through access, availability, and affordability of health care services, resulting in more significant health care risks. However, sufficient investment is required to address such adversities that affect the health care system due to uneven demand as experienced by the Jordanian health care system. Thus, collaborative efforts through global partners can play a significant role in the countries facing the challenges of managing these health care emergencies.
The genesis of TRANSMISSIONS, an online DIY TV show
Authors: Noorali Hana
Published: September 2021

In March 2020 when COVID-19 collectively forced us into isolation, it became clear that all forms of community were more important than ever. It was (and still remains) vital that we find mechanisms to support each other through this precarious time. In the extraordinary landscape that we have found ourselves in, it is clear that many artists, writers and thinkers have had (and continue to have) exhibitions, opportunities and subsequent fees cancelled for the foreseeable future. In response to this, TRANSMISSIONS was established. It is an online platform that commissions artists, writers and thinkers to share their work within a classic DIY TV show format. This text reflects on the genesis of the project.
A spike in the midst of a slow revolution
Authors: Satz Aura
Published: September 2021

Feelings of claustrophobia, numbing paralysis, endless loops of uncertainty, a crisis of care, the lack of any safety nets, governmental or otherwise. This coupled with a newfound stillness, staying local, making do with what is available, nearby and small scale. The pandemic has led us all to question what the practice is and how it can be sustainable when it relies so much on infrastructure and collaboration. What is left when you are stripped bare of the conditions of making, the support systems, the materials, the immediacy of being a body that interacts with and in the world and is now living in a state of suspended animation through a screen. It has tested our patience on all fronts. The restlessness of staying put in one place. The intolerable fixity of staring at a screen. The nightmarish tunnel-vision of an unimaginable future.
The festival that never was
Authors: Cruz María Palacios
Published: September 2021

I am holding an object. It is tinted blue and shaped like a small book. On the cover, a young man holds both hands up to the sky as in a celestial salute. The image is a still from Kevin Jerome Everson’s 2017 film IFO. The object is the catalogue for the 2020 edition of the Courtisane Festival, where a retrospective of Everson’s work ought to have taken place in April 2020. I say ‘ought to’ because the Courtisane Festival – like so many other events in 2020 – was cancelled. The surviving catalogue is a strange object, both a record of something that was and was not.
Report from Costa Rica
Authors: Espinach Fernando Chaves
Published: September 2021

Back in March 2020, the Costa Rica International Film Festival was the first major local event cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As in many other places over the following weeks, it was just the first of a series of cancellations and postponements that would throw the film and moving image community into disarray. The first response by local artists was, as elsewhere, to share much of their work online for the benefit of an art-hungry audience that saw how little by little most institutions entered a crisis they have not recovered from. In normal times, screenings of new work are somewhat rare in the country, and the local festivals do not prioritize new moving image art.
Temenos 2022
Authors: Beavers Robert
Published: September 2021

Once while speaking with art students in a class at the Vienna art academy, I listened to their fears for their future and their questions about how to continue, frequently mentioning their parents’ concern; and I thought how helpful it would be if they could experience the nature of the Peloponnese and the imaginative freedom that I associated to filmmaking and Greece. I continue to hope that the Temenos screenings might give a certain number of individuals an experience of freedom that comes from a temporary removal from one’s own environment and immersion in the different scale of time that Markopoulos’s Eniaios provides.
Arctic Cinemas and the Documentary Ethos, Lilya Kaganovsky, Scott MacKenzie and Anna Westerstahl Stenport (eds) (2019)
Authors: Maclennan Ruth
Published: September 2021

Review of: Arctic Cinemas and the Documentary Ethos, Lilya Kaganovsky, Scott MacKenzie and Anna Westerstahl Stenport (eds) (2019)

Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 384 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-25304-029-9, h/bk, $85.00

ISBN 978-0-25304-030-5, p/bk, $36.00
The first isolation and detection of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from swollen head syndrome-infected broiler flocks in Iraq
Authors: Al-Hasan Baraa Akeel , Alhatami Abdullah O. , Abdulwahab Husam Muhsen , Bustani Ghadeer Sabah , Alkuwaity Eman Abdul Wahab
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim: The swollen head syndrome (SHS) makes up complex diseases that infect the upper respiratory tract in poultry and causes several economic losses. Furthermore, this syndrome is considered one of the multifactorial etiological agents. Therefore, this study isolated and molecularly detected Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) in poultry. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at 67 broiler farms that had birds observed to be infected with the SHS from September 2018 until August 2019. Subsequently, swabs were collected from their trachea, infraorbital sinuses, and lungs, after which obtained samples were treated through two methods: (a) The direct method, by uploading samples on FTA cards, and the indirect method using a transport media. Afterward, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the directly treated samples; howeverAQ1, the culture method, followed by PCR, was used to analyze the indirectly treated samples. Next, a partial 16S RNA gene was isolated using four positive PCR products, after which the effect of 16 antibiotics was studied on the seven local ORT strains isolated. Results: The quantity of ORT isolated using the direct method was 28 (41.7%) samples, which were all positive for the strain. Identification was by direct molecular identification (RT-PCR) from samples loaded on FTA cards. Alternatively, 7 (10.4%) ORTs were detected from the indirect method, as obtained using the culture method and biochemical tests. Then, PCR was subsequently used to confirm the results. As observed, 784 bp bands were shown for all seven ORT isolates. Furthermore, results revealed a significant difference in the detection of ORT strains between direct and indirect methods, with p-value (<0.05) and standard deviation of the error ±0.038 for the direct, then ±0.061 for the indirect method. For further analysis on the strain types, four 784 bp PCR products were taken, then partial 16S ribosomal sequence typing was conducted. All these four strains were found to be recorded in NCBI for the 1st time as a local Iraqi strain, with accession numbers (MN931657, MN931656, MN931655, and MN931654). Notably, results also showed that all isolated strains were multidrug-resistant. Conclusion: From the results, ORT is proposed to be implicated as one of the etiological factors that cause SHSs in poultry. Phylogenetic analysis of the current ORT bacterial strains also showed that they are closely related to the Egyptian isolates.
Vállalati hálózatok és versenyképességi tényezők a magyar gazdaságfejlődésben - Nyugat-Dunántúl példája
Authors: Győrffy Ágnes , Pogátsa Zoltán
Published: September 2021

A tanulmány vizsgálódási területe a vállalati hálózatok kialakulásának feltérképezése, a létrejövő minták leírása. Az első részben a vállalati hálózatok elméletének fontosabb eredményeit és irányait tekintik át. Ezt a második részben a három empirikus felmérés eredményeinek bemutatása követi. Mivel azonban a hálózatosodással kapcsolatban inkább csak kezdeményeket, jeleket, mintsem jól működő és tipizálható hálókat találtak, ezzel szemben a válaszadókból szinte kérés nélkül is áradt a vállalat helyzetére, gazdasági környezetére, kilátásaira vonatkozó információ, a harmadik részben összegyűjtötték ezeket is. A szerzők a tanulságok összegzésével zárják a kutatási beszámolót.
Hegymenetben a vezetési tanácsadási ipar
Authors: Gonda György
Published: September 2021

A szerző cikkében a tanácsadási ipar jelenlegi trendjét vizsgálja. Bemutatja azokat a jellemzőket, amivel ez a terület ma rendelkezik. A globális kép bemutatása mellett a hazai helyzetet is elemzi.
Use of thermal analysis for the detection of calcium oxalate in selected forms of plastering exposed to the effects of Serpula lacrymans
Authors: Cígler Žofková Drahomíra , Frankl Jiří , Frankeová Dita
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the interaction of metabolic products of a wood-destroying fungus of the dry rot species (Serpula lacrymans (Wulfen) P. Karst.) with a commonly used lime mortar. Mortar samples used in the presented experiment were made mostly in laboratory conditions so as to make it possible to set input conditions and to determine initial properties of the examined samples. Matured lime mortar samples were placed in cultivation boxes with a growth of Serpula lacrymans and exposed to its action for a predetermined period of time. For a comparison, mortar samples taken “in situ” from real structures were also subjected to the experiment. The examined samples were subjected to a thermal analysis and a comparative measurement by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of the measurement of infected samples were compared with the results obtained in the reference (control) samples. The experiment carried out was focused on assessing the presence of calcium oxalate, which is secreted into the surroundings of the mycelium during the active growing of Serpula lacrymans.
Duty cycle and radiation estimates using maximum load transfer point for optimization of a 100KVA photovoltaic system
Authors: Terán Rodríguez Sergio Alejandro , Rojas Caicedo Franklin Jonathan , Inga Ortega Esteban Mauricio
Published: September 2021

In this document, the variation of temperature and radiation in a 100 kW photovoltaic assembly is connected to a 25 kV network through a DC-DC booster converter and a three-phase three-phase voltage source converter (VSC). Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is implemented in the elevator converter using a Simulink® model that uses the technique of 'Incremental Conductance + Integral Regulator'.

The switching duty cycle is optimized by an MPPT controller that uses the technique of 'Incremental Conductance + Integral Regulator'. This MPPT system automatically modifies the duty cycle to generate the voltage required to extract the maximum power.
Mechanical model of extrinsic muscles of the eyeball
Authors: Talero-Maldonado Jesica Liceth , Espinosa-Medina Ricardo Alonso
Published: September 2021

The mathematical modeling of the physiological behavior of extraocular muscles in ocular rotation, contributes to the learning of the oculomotor system and the development of technologies for the control of devices, through the precise prediction of the ocular displacement path. We propose in this article a mechanical model of eye movement, which incorporates the physiological properties of extraocular muscles in the force-elongation relationship and the action of agonist and antagonist muscles. An easy to understand model is presented that allows the analysis of forces applied in muscle contraction, the variation of extraocular muscle length, which generates rotation of the eye and the vector interpretation of the direction in the space towards which the eye directs the view, in movements of adduction, abduction, elevation and depression. The proposed model allows a simplification of the mathematical description, compared with other models, in relation to the action of the mechanical elements (springs and dampers) that represent the anatomical and physiological components of the contractile mechanics of the extraocular muscles. The implementation of the proposed model could serve in the future in the development of technologies that emulate horizontal or vertical eye movements for the control of devices.
Mobile application for the detection of black Sigatoka
Authors: Tovar-Martínez Yurley Tatiana , Bejarano-Martínez Arley , Calvo-Salcedo Andrés Felipe
Published: September 2021

Black Sigatoka is one of the main problems that affect the quality and production of the banana crop, it´s because of this, the development of systems to detect diseases, generate an important tool for the monitoring and control carried out by the farmer. The proposed system leverages hardware on mobile devices to implement computer vision techniques to determine the percentage of affected area of the plant.

The smartphone is used to acquire data and capture the disease through images. The detection of diseased pixels is then performed through a segmentation algorithm with histogram analysis. A model for the calculation of the affected area is then computed. Finally, the information is presented through the user interface.

To validate the proposed method, a database is created with images taken by the application to compare it´s efficiency through the RMS error between manual segmentation and the result of the algorithm. Finally, usability and response time tests are performed.
Design and Implementation of an Embedded system
Authors: Ochoa Guevara Nancy Edith , Rosas Jiménez Nelson Felipe , Camargo Bareño Carlos Iván , Castillo Quintero Luceli
Published: September 2021

This article presents the design and implementation of an embedded system called TES ROv2.0 non-invasive, capable of capturing and transmitting relevant biomedical signals such as: electrocardiography signals, heart rate, oxygen saturation in the blood and arterial pressure with the Support from the Clinical Information System called "SARURO", in which a detailed process of these biomedical signals is visualized and carried out by a doctor or specialist, without direct contact with the patient. Therefore, researchers have been able to affirm that integrated systems are tools that offer great versatility in the medical information market, allowing acquisition, adaptation, transformation in remote places, without linking operation to a single communication alternative, making the Telemonitoring system more versatile in its functionality to transmit over WPAN, WLAN, LAN and CELULARE networks.
Topography, the primary basis of the reconstruction of a traffic accident
Authors: Rodríguez Ortega Fabio Nelson
Published: September 2021

The following document applied to the investigation and reconstruction of traffic accidents, seeks to conceptualize the serious errors that exist in many public and private institutions when considering that the reconstruction of a traffic accident is to determine the vehicle speed, with one or more physical equations or in the worst case, a 2D or 3D animation of an alleged traffic accident dynamics, as well as explain confused concepts and procedures in the field of criminal investigation, specifically in the reconstruction of traffic accidents. Starting from the premise that the reconstruction of a violent  in traffic death essentially seeks the identification and clearancing of variables in the investigation, also exposing not very clear concepts regarding the topic of interest; from the above, important errors are determined in the concepts that we have of what is a forensic reconstruction, the hypotheses that are used in the sketch of traffic accidents in Colombia and the great errors that exist in the matter of fixing physical evidence (EF).
PRM navigation in trading drone and Gazebo simulation
Authors: Pineda Torres Franklin , Arias Barragán Luis Alejandro
Published: September 2021

Starting from a commercial drone AR Dron Parrot 2.0, an autonomous navigation process is developed with a PRM probabilistic route planner in real time, through a ROS network between the drone and the Gazebo simulation software. Using the robotics system toolbox from software Matlab that interacts with Gazebo, it is possible to study the desired trajectory planner, in addition, the creation and connection of the ROS network on the Linux operating system, where the navigation algorithm is analyzed from the practical vs., simulation points of views. The errors that are presented are minimal, taking into account the propagation delays and the control algorithm; this is in charge of receiving location information in order to correct and minimized the mean square error.
Analysis of temperature control effect in fluidized bed coffee roaster
Authors: Campo-Ceballos Diego Andrés , Barco-Sotelo Kevin Jancarlo , Dorado-Ipia Hector Fabian , Gaviria-López Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2021

One of the main sources of economic income in Colombia's agricultural sector is the marketing of coffee with a high contribution to the country's economy. However, trends in coffee industry 4.0 show that the coffee roasting process is where more value aggregation is presented and at the same time is one of the most complex because multiple factors are involved such as grain moisture, volume, variety and heat and mass transfer variables. The main objective of this work was to design and implement a fluidized bed system for the study of the effect of temperature control on the physical properties of roasted coffee from Cauca-Colombia. The development of the work was addressed in 4 sequential phases: CAD design, Digital manufacture, temperature control design and the systems analysis. The proposed fluid bed system features a control system for the RoR (rate of rise) that can be adjusted between 3 to 20°C/min, and provide a prediction in the events of the standard roasting profile (Turning Point, Yellow, First Crack, Development time, Second Crack, Drop).
Robots colaborativos para el apoyo de limpieza en piscinas
Authors: Amador-Nava Miguel Ángel , Magadán-Godínez Jesús Emmanuel , Martínez-Díaz José Ángel , Galicia-Mejía Rubén , Oliva-Moreno Luz Noé
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se describe el diseño y la implementación de un robot tipo acuático para trabajar como un sistema distribuido para la limpieza superficial de piscinas. La comunicación se realiza mediante la red WLAN entre el robot y una computadora personal con el objetivo de implementar algoritmos de control que permitan optimizar las rutas y poder experimentar con perturbaciones en el medio. Para la recolección de la suciedad se utiliza una malla colectora para contener objetos que flotan como lo pueden ser hojas de árbol. Estos robots están fabricados en acrílico, acetato de etileno y vinilo utilizados para flotar; Cuentan con la electrónica de potencia y control, sensores de proximidad, motores, un magnetómetro y módulo de comunicación inalámbrica.
Sistema de captura de variables cinéticas de bicicletas horizontales para simulación
Authors: Caro-Zapata Santiago , Vasco-Marín Juan Pablo , Duque-Urrego Daniel , Henao-Aguirre Sofía Catalina , Gallego-Londoño Jonathan
Published: September 2021

En este estudio se desarrolló un sistema que mide la velocidad, el ángulo de giro y la fuerza de frenado en bicicletas o triciclos en modo estático, controlando la resistencia al pedaleo electromecánicamente, abriendo la posibilidad de usar el sistema en conjunto con un simulador de realidad virtual para computador, con el objetivo de ofrecer una nueva herramienta de rehabilitación para amputados de miembro inferior que usan prótesis. Se dividió el estudio en dos etapas, la primera fue una prueba de concepto implementada sobre una bicicleta, evaluando los requerimientos del sistema, las posibles soluciones, los acoples necesarios para los sensores y actuadores seleccionados con el fin de evaluar la efectividad del funcionamiento. En la segunda etapa se acopló el sistema a una bicicleta horizontal de tres ruedas mediante ajustes y mejoras, para finalmente evaluar el desempeño del sistema. Los sensores y actuadores implementados, en conjunto con los sistemas de acople apropiados, los cuales funcionaron de acuerdo con lo esperado, de manera que, con un protocolo de comunicación apropiado con un simulador, se genera una nueva alternativa de rehabilitación para amputados.
Transept zachodni w romańskiej katedrze św. św. Wita, Wacława i Wojciecha na Praskim Grodzie
Authors: Oles Kamila
Published: September 2021

The Romanesque Cathedral of Saints Vitus, Wenceslaus and Adalbert in Prague was erected as a double-chancel basilica with western transept. Occidental transverse nave and two choirs is intrinsic and distinctive feature of this basilica that indicates architectural ideas from which the Cathedral had originated. Alas, the basilica has, hitherto, been rather interpreted in isolation and without considering the broader European architecture context and by detaching the western transept from its topographic context. This has discouraged scholars from rigorous analysis of the origins of the form, which resulted in the creation of arbitrary and stereotypical narrative instead. This paper presents new interpretation of the Cathedral which tracks the links between the basilica and double-choir churches with western transept in Central Europe. In addition, this research builds on spatial analysis which identifies the relationships between the Cathedral and the landform of Prague Castle.
Assessing the Role of Sentiment in the Propagation of Fiscal Stimulus
Authors: Jia Bijie , Kim Hyeongwoo , Zhang Shuwei
Published: September 2021

This paper studies the dynamic effects of the fiscal policy shock on private activity using an array of vector autoregressive models for the post-war U.S. data. We are particularly interested in the role of consumer sentiment in the transmission of fiscal stimulus. Our major findings are as follows. Private spending fails to rise persistently in response to government spending shocks, while they exhibit persistent and significant increases when the sentiment shock occurs. Employing not only linear but also nonlinear state-dependent VAR model estimations, we show that the government spending shock generates consumer pessimism in all phases of business cycle resulting in subsequent decreases in private activity, which ultimately weakens the effectiveness of the fiscal policy. Our counterfactual simulation exercises confirm the important role of sentiment in propagating fiscal stimulus to private spending.
DesPat: Smartphone-Based Object Detection for Citizen Science and Urban Surveys
Authors: Getschmann Christopher , Echtler Florian
Published: September 2021

Data acquisition is a central task in research and one of the largest opportunities for citizen science. Especially in urban surveys investigating traffic and people flows, extensive manual labor is required, occasionally augmented by smartphones. We present DesPat, an app designed to turn a wide range of low-cost Android phones into a privacy-respecting camera-based pedestrian tracking tool to automatize data collection. This data can then be used to analyze pedestrian traffic patterns in general, and identify crowd hotspots and bottlenecks, which are particularly relevant in light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. All image analysis is done locally on the device through a convolutional neural network, thereby avoiding any privacy concerns or legal issues regarding video surveillance. We show example heatmap visualizations from deployments of our prototype in urban areas and compare performance data for a variety of phones to discuss suitability of on-device object detection for our usecase of pedestrian data collection.
Citizen Needs – To Be Considered
Authors: Maas Franzisca , Wolf Sara , Hohm Anna , Hurtienne Jörn
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we argue for and present an empirical study of putting citizens into focus during the early stages of designing tools for civic participation in a mid-sized German town. Drawing on Contextual and Participatory Design, we involved 105 participants by conducting interviews, using Photovoice and participating in a local neighbourhood meeting. Together with citizens, we built an Affinity Diagram, consolidated the data and identified key insights. As a result, we present and discuss different participation identities such as Motivated Activists, Convenience Participants or Companions and a collection of citizen needs for local civic participation, e. g., personal contact is irreplaceable for motivation, trust and mutual understanding, and some citizens preferred to “stumble across” information rather than actively searching for it. We use existing participation tools to demonstrate how individual needs could be addressed. Finally, we apply our insights to an example in our local context. We conclude that if we want to build digital tools that go beyond tokenistic, top-down ways of civic participation and that treat citizens as one homogeneous group, citizens need to be part of the design process right from the start. Supplemental material can be retrieved from https://osf.io/rxd7h/.
Towards Resilient Critical Infrastructures – Motivating Users to Contribute to Smart Grid Resilience
Authors: Egert Rolf , Gerber Nina , Haunschild Jasmin , Kuehn Philipp , Zimmermann Verena
Published: September 2021

Smart cities aim at improving efficiency while providing safety and security by merging conventional infrastructures with information and communication technology. One strategy for mitigating hazardous situations and improving the overall resilience of the system is to involve citizens. For instance, smart grids involveprosumers—capable of producing and consuming electricity—who can adjust their electricity profile dynamically (i. e., decrease or increase electricity consumption), or use their local production to supply electricity to the grid. This mitigates the impact of peak consumption periods on the grid and makes it easier for operators to control the grid. This involvement of prosumers is accompanied by numerous socio-technical challenges, including motivating citizens to contribute by adjusting their electricity consumption to the requirements of the energy grid. Towards this end, this work investigates motivational strategies and tools, including nudging, persuasive technologies, and incentives, that can be leveraged to increase the motivation of citizens. We discuss long-term and side effects and ethical and privacy considerations, before portraying bug bounty programs, gamification and apps as technologies and strategies to communicate the motivational strategies to citizens.
Non-canonical word order as a measure of syntactic complexity in advanced L2 German
Authors: Lecouvet Mathieu
Published: September 2021

A major issue in SLA research concerns the operationalization of syntactic complexity, in particular the need for fine-grained measures that go beyond the traditional focus on syntactic elaboration. Following recent findings that have demonstrated the potential of syntactic diversity for providing a more detailed picture of how complexity develops across languages and proficiency levels, the present study argues for the use of two types of non-canonical structures, passives and argument inversions, as indices of syntactic complexification in advanced L2 German writing. Based on 75 argumentative texts written by experienced L2 learners of German (B2 to C2 CEFR levels), we addressed the question to what extent learners’ use of non-canonical word order is a hallmark of advanced proficiency compared to measures of syntactic elaboration. The results revealed a considerable increase in the frequency of argument inversions from B2 to C1 and highlighted the interrelationship between diversity and elaboration in learner compositions.
Le cas Napoléon
Authors: Bilate Danilo
Published: September 2021

Napoleon Bonaparte is a veritable “case” for Nietzsche: he does not reduce Napoleon to a single image, but he rather builds up an ambiguous image of Napoleon for years without trying to define a final result. This ongoing construction is due to Nietzsche’s deep admiration for Napoleon that, however great it may be, does not avoid a certain distancing. Defined as the synthesis of Unmensch and Ubermensch, Nietzsche regards Napoleon as an extraordinary human being because of his immorality when he exercised power. It is precisely this extraordinary nature that makes Napoleon a model for understanding the concept of the Ubermensch.
Utopien des Übergangs. Don Quixote und Zarathustra
Authors: Kerger Henry
Published: September 2021

The subject of this article points beyond a purely literary or literary-historical approach. The question is, whether and how a human being is able to change the (social) conditions of their life by changing himself through transition into another form of existence. In order to overcome established (social) conditions and one’s self, it is necessary to begin with a vision, a utopian dream. Those who pursue the utopian dream of overcoming their current (social) conditions must acknowledge their own good and evil, that is, their position vis-a-vis equality and justice, law and morality. The person itself, and its personality, is revealed in the relation between the utopia of changing its current way of life and its social reality. The ultimate question is: what is the essence of humanity, the ecce homo? Both the transition into a new form of being and the utopian dream differ decisively in Don Quixote and Zarathustra. It is not my concern to compare them as literary figures.
Nietzsche’s Compassion
Authors: Özen Vasfi O.
Published: September 2021

Nietzsche is known for his penetrating critique of Mitleid (now commonly rendered as “compassion”). He seems to be critical of all compassion but at times also seems to praise a different form of compassion, which he refers to as “our compassion” and contrasts it with “your compassion” (BGE 225). Some commentators have interpreted this to mean that Nietzsche’s criticism is not as unconditional as it may seem - that he does not condemn compassion entirely. I disagree and contend that even though Nietzsche appears to speak favorably of some forms of compassion, he regards the nature of all compassion to be fundamentally bad. Furthermore, I suggest that Nietzsche’s discussion on different forms of compassion have significant implications for achieving greatness and meaning in life. More specifically, I argue that, for Nietzsche, “our compassion,” however regrettable qua compassion it is, may give occasion for a rare and peculiar insight into “co-suffering” with others, which in turn results in overcoming compassion entirely. I also argue that although Nietzsche objects to compassion, he approves of a form of what feminist theorists might now call “anticipatory empathy.” Even though a large body of literature has evolved over Nietzsche’s critical evaluation of compassion, his understanding of a non-compassionate response to suffering is, in my view, rather overlooked and should receive more attention.
Nietzsche’s Entomology: Insect Sociality and the Concept of the Will
Authors: Landgraf Edgar
Published: September 2021

The article traces Nietzsche’s references to insects in his published and unpublished writings against the backdrop of his study of the entomological research of his time (esp. through his reading of Alfred Espinas’s Die thierischen Gesellschaften). The first part of the article explores how Nietzsche’s entomology allows us to add a posthumanist perspective to the more familiar poststructuralist readings of Nietzsche, as the entomological research he consulted offered him a model for understanding how rudimentary processes can lead to the formation of structures and higher organizations with emergent properties. The second part of the article revisits Nietzsche’s conceptions of the will and the will to power against the backdrop of his references to insect sociality and the influence of Wilhelm Wundt. It shows that Nietzsche’s deconstruction of the will as an umbrella concept and his will to power are attempts to model the emergence of complex edifices from simple operations under which physical, psychological, and social phenomena must be thought to arise. The article concludes with a reflection of the social and political relevance of what Nietzsche identifies as modernity’s “disgregation of the will.”
Nietzsche and Music
Authors: Ercole Venessa
Published: September 2021

As the relationship between music and philosophy in Nietzsche’s thought and life continues to fascinate, new approaches to the treatment of music in Nietzsche studies have emerged which take seriously the importance of music, not only in Nietzsche’s life, but for his philosophical project as a whole. While Nietzsche’s often-quoted claim that life without music would be a mistake was once treated as a quip, the quality and breadth of the works reviewed here demonstrate that this invaluable area of Nietzsche’s thought is finally receiving the rigorous treatment it deserves. The works below each offer new and valuable insights on this exciting and growing area of Nietzsche studies which aid us in understanding where to place Nietzsche’s most loved art form in the framework of his philosophy.
Recent Work on Nietzsche’s Social and Political Philosophy
Authors: Patton Paul
Published: September 2021

Against a widely supported view that Nietzsche was not a political thinker, there have been a number of edited collections and monographs devoted either to Nietzsche’s politics or, what is not quite the same thing, relationships between his thought and contemporary political philosophy. What is striking about this secondary literature is the degree of divergence among the positions taken. The books discussed in the present review provide further illustration of this diversity. This applies not only to the question whether he was or was not a political thinker, but also to the further question what kind of political thinker.