bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Melalui Model Problem Based Learning pada Materi Sistem Bumi dan Tata Surya
Authors: Hestiningsih  , Winarno Nanang , Juliana Erna
Published: January 2025

Kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa masih rendah karena siswa menghafal materi lebih dari mereka memahami konsep belajar dengan menganalisis dan mengevaluasi mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa melalui penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah yang dibantu oleh modul flip dalam mata pelajaran ilmiah dengan materi pada Bumi dan Sistem Matahari.
Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 7D di SMPN 4 Bandung, dengan total 19 siswa. Penelitian ini hampir eksperimental. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan beberapa pilihan pertanyaan dan teknik tes esai. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif data. Berdasarkan diskusi, hasil pre-test untuk keterampilan berpikir kritis memperoleh skor rata-rata 28,47 dengan skor tes rata-ratanya 71,5. Sementara itu, hasil tes pos untuk keterampilan berpikir kritis menerima skor rata-rata 18,27 dengan skor tes pertengahan 90,26. Ini menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa setelah menerima pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Dan juga dapat diperoleh bahwa nilai tes perhitungan N-Gain adalah 0.3 ≤ 0.6 ≤ 0,7, sehingga peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa diklasifikasikan sebagai moderat.
Kemudian jika nilai signifikansi melalui tes Wilcoxon adalah 0.000 < 0,005 maka hipotesis diterima. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari model pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada peningkatan keterampilan berpikir matematika kritis siswa.
SANTRI GENERASI Z SEBAGAI NAVIGATOR NILAI AGAMA DAN TRADISI DI ERA DIGITALISASI
Authors: Khoirul Adib  , Brillian Nurin Nada
Published: January 2025

Santri Generasi Z memegang peran sentral dalam menghadapi era digitalisasi. Menurut data dari Databooks, pada tahun ajaran 2020/2021, sekitar 4,37 juta santri tersebar di 30.494 pondok pesantren di seluruh Indonesia. Mereka menggunakan teknologi sebagai sarana untuk memelihara dan menyebarkan nilai-nilai agama serta tradisi yang mereka anut. Santri Generasi Z tidak hanya menjadi pemeluk nilai tradisi di pondok pesantren, tetapi juga agen perubahan yang aktif berkontribusi pada kemajuan pesantren dan masyarakat. Dengan keterampilan digital yang mereka miliki, mereka memanfaatkan aplikasi keagamaan, platform pembelajaran online, dan media sosial untuk memperdalam pemahaman agama, menjaga identitas keislaman, dan memperkuat budaya pesantren. Dalam konteks ini, jumlah santri yang mencapai 4,37 juta menjadi indikator kekuatan dan potensi besar mereka dalam mempertahankan warisan keislaman dan tradisi di tengah dinamika teknologi yang terus berkembang. Kesadaran dan aktifitas santri Generasi Z menjadi cermin harapan untuk menjaga dan memajukan nilai-nilai luhur pesantren di era modern ini dengan tetap berjalan sesuai koridor sebagai seorang santri.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Sekolah Terhadap Minat Belajar SiswaPada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Di SMP Attaqwa 01 Babelan - Bekasi
Authors: Rahayu Elphina , Marzuki Muhammad Abid
Published: January 2025

Mutu sebuah sekolah dilihat     dari lingkungan sekolah, di mulai dari pengelolaan sekolah, lingkungan sekolah yang sehat dan di dukung dengan fasilitas yang memadai maka akan mendukung tumbuh kembangnya siswa secara optimal, dan siswa bebas mengeksplorasi dan mengimplementasikan ilmunya dari hasil belajar di kelas. Lingkungan sekolah dengan minat belajar menjadi rantai yang tidak bisa dipisahkan, karena faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar di sekolah salah satunya yaitu faktor dari lingkungan.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Attaqwa 01 Babelan pada semester 2tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan dideskripsikan secara kuantitatif dengan populasi sebesar 146 dengan sampel yang diambil 5% dari populasi sebesar 107 siswa dengan menggunakan teknik sampel Probability Sampling. Pengumpulan data tersebut menggunakan metode observasi, angket dan dokumentasi yang dianalisis melalui uji rxy (taraf signifikansi), dan uji KD, mengetahui apakah ada atau tidaknya pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel X (lingkungan sekolah) dengan variabel Y(minat belajar siswa), maka perlu dilakukan adanya uji t.
Berdasarkan uji rxy didapati sebesar 0,74 yang terletak antara 0,71 – 0,90, artinya terdapat korelasi yang tinggi atau kuat. Lalu berdasarkan hasil uji t didapat thitung sebesar 11,270 sedangkan ttabel sebesar 1,984 dengan taraf nyata 0,05 Df 105, demikian dapat dinyatakan H0 di tolak dan Ha diterima karena thitung lebih besar daripada ttabel. Berdasarkan Uji KD didapati kontribusi variabel X terhadap variabel Y sebesar 54,76% sedangkan 45,24% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa lingkungan sekolah memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMP Attaqwa 01 Babelan Desa Babelan Kota, Kec. Babelan, Kab Bekasi.
An Unusual Case of Refsum Disease
Authors: Muhammad Sharjeel
Published: January 2025

Refsum disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of phytanic acid in plasma and tissues due to deficiency of the enzyme phytanoyl-CoA hydroxylase that break down phytanic acid. This case report presents a 55-year-old male patient with Refsum disease exhibiting classical symptoms such as retinitis pigmentosa, peripheral neuropathy, hearing loss, and skeletal abnormalities, however he had some atypical features of very small pupil (microcoria). Management primarily involves dietary restrictions, particularly the avoidance of foods rich in phytanic acid. Additionally, symptomatic treatment aimed at managing the neurological and sensory impairments was already employed. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care in mitigating the progression of Refsum disease and improving the patient's quality of life.
Types of Anisometropia in Children 5-15 Year of Age Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Saima Ghufran  , Matiullah
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study aimed to determine the types of anisometropia in patients presenting in a Tertiary Care Hospital.
Study design:This was a prospective, descriptive study.
Duration and Settings of the Study: This study was conducted at Al-Nafees Medical Hospital from December 2022 to February 2023.
Methods: All new patient from 5-15 years old children diagnosed of having anisometropia of more than or equal to 1.00DS who attended the Tertiary Care Hospital during the study periodwere included.
Results: Out of 50 patients, most patients (56%) were in the 5-10 year age group while 44% were in the 11-15 year age group. Astigmatic anisometropia was the most common types of anisometropia (48%) followed by hyperopic anisometropia (40%). The frequency of patients with anisometropia of 1to 2.9 DS was more common in age group 11-15 year. The frequency of anisometropia was higher in female children.
Conclusion: The high frequency of anisometropia was more common in female patients. In children age 5-15, the eyes should be examined once a year because it is the age when most children are affected and are notable to recognize it.
Niclosamide-Lipid Conjugates: A Novel Strategy for Targeting Inflammatory Pathways in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Mishra Aditya , Nelumbo nucifera  , Swati Priya Nayak  , Manas Kumar Sha  , Kiran Kanta Nanda
Published: January 2025

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that causes thick mucus to build up in the lungs and other organs, leading to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Current treatments primarily manage symptoms, but newtherapies targeting the disease itself are needed. The STAT3 and Notch signaling pathways are involved in CF's progression, with STAT3 contributing to inflammation and Notch promoting fibrosis. Niclosamide, an existing drug, can inhibit these pathways but faces challenges in clinical use. This study proposes the development of Niclosamide Lipid-Drug Conjugate nanoparticles (Niclo-LDCs), using Octadecylamine as a lipid carrier, to enhance drug delivery and bioavailability. We hypothesize that Niclo-LDCs could effectively inhibit STAT3 and Notch signaling, reducing lung inflammation in CF patients. This approach has the potential to offer a novel therapeutic strategy by targeting the underlying mechanisms of CF. Further research could pave the way for new treatments that address the disease at its source.
Pro-Angiogenic Role of Zinc Oxide in Wound Healing: Exploring thePotential of Zinc Supplementation for Enhanced Repair
Authors: E. Gunavanth  , Pudi Hemanth Kumar
Published: January 2025

Vildagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor used in managing type 2 diabetes, either alone or in combination with other therapies. It works by increasing the half-life of incretins like GLP-1 and GIP, enhancing insulin secretion.Beyond glycemic control, vildagliptin exhibits anti-inflammatory and vasculoprotective properties, suppressing the NF-κB pathway and reducing inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8. It also helps regulate lipid metabolism, lowering triglycerides, cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels. Vildagliptin improves vascular health by promoting nitric oxide synthesis, reducing vascular stiffness, and aiding in blood pressure control. Its potential antithrombotic effects, combined with its impact on endothelial function and inflammation, suggest a role in reducing atherosclerosis progression
Kvinnen og havet
Authors: Hamm Christine
Published: January 2025

“Women and the Sea: Vigdis Stokkelien’s Apocalyptic Novels from the 1970s and Blue Humanities”
In the two novels Sommeren på heden [Summer on the heath] (1970) and Lille-Gi- braltar [Little-Gibraltar] (1972), Norwegian writer Vigdis Stokkelien explores how women relate to the sea. She shows how capitalism and militarism violate both na- ture and the female body. Stokkelien’s stylistic devices create the effect of a subma- rine temporality thatreveals the protagonists as entangled, something that simulta- neously provokes the need for liberation.
Mellem klasseresignation og kvindeutopi
Authors: Lund Nicklas Freisleben
Published: January 2025

“Between Class Resignation and Female Utopia: Grete Stenbæk Jensen’s Konen og æggene and the Female Working-class Literature of the 70s”
Centered on analysis of Danish author Grete Stenbæk Jensen’s debut novel Konen og æggene (1973), the article revisits the female working-class literature of the 1970s and argues for the need to re-think the political nature of this often devalued and marginalized chapter of Danish literary history. Thus, the article challenges the widespread preconception of the decade’s working-class literature as ideologically unambiguous and politically agitational by demonstrating how Konen og æggene is characterized by a significant tension between what is conceptualized as the novel’s inherent class resignation and its rudimentary female utopia.
Om ingen tar bort skräp är snart en stad förstörd
Authors: Friis Elisabeth
Published: January 2025

“If No One Removes the rubbish, a City is Quickly Destroyed: Women’s Time Revisited with Julia Kristeva and Maja Ekelöf”
This article reads Swedish author Maja Ekelöf’s Report from a Floor Bucket (1971) in light of Julia Kristeva’s concept of Women’s time (1979). The form of Ekelöf’s diary from a life as a single mother with five children and night work as acleaning lady is characterised by the reproductive temporality in which she finds herself but also negotiates with otherforms of time listed by Kristeva: linear and monumental time.
L’institution universitaire en Fransaskoisie : un exemple de la diversité culturelle cosmopolite dans l’Ouest canadien
Authors: Poplyansky Michael
Published: January 2025

À la suite de Joseph-Yvon Thériault, de Michel Bock et de François-Olivier Dorais, entre autres, nous proposons de nous interroger sur la mission de l’« université » en contexte francophone minoritaire. Nous nous intéressons à une des communautés les plus marginalisées au sein de la francophonie canadienne : la communauté fransaskoise. Nous présenterons d’abord, en guise de première partie, un bref rappel chronologique de l’histoire de l’institution universitaire en Fransaskoisie. Par la suite, nous analyserons les programmes qui y ont été développés. Depuis plus d’un siècle, les fransaskois ont pu maintenir une présence au niveau universitaire, même si l’enseignement était certes limité à quelques disciplines. Par ailleurs, l’institution universitaire a toujours eu un fort pouvoir symbolique. Dans la troisième partie de cet article, en nous basant sur des archives institutionnelles ainsi que sur des sources médiatiques, nous montrerons que si l’université fransaskoise s’inscrivait jadis dans le récit national canadien-français, elle se veut, depuis les années 2000, partie prenante d’une « diversité cosmopolite » postnationale.
Apprentissage en ligne en contexte de diversité culturelle et linguistique à l’école secondaire de langue française en Ontario
Authors: Cissé Fatou , Bélanger Nathalie
Published: January 2025

Cet article porte sur la conception et l’enseignement de cours en ligne dans le contexte de l’école secondaire de langue française en Ontario relativement à la reconnaissance de la diversité culturelle et linguistique des élèves. Des entretiens auprès de membres responsables de la conception des cours et du personnel enseignant ont été menés. L’analyse s’intéresse aux paradigmes et aux approches qui guident la conception de cours en ligne, à la flexibilité et à la variété de leurs composantes, à la communication qui y est prévue et à la sensibilité culturelle qui en ressort. Les résultats révèlent des approches et des pratiques qui exploitent peu ou mal certaines composantes disponibles et limitent l’apport même des élèves dans la construction des connaissances et la reconnaissance de la variété linguistique.
El proyecto inédito de estación de autobuses para Valencia de Javier Goerlich
Authors: Calvé  Mascarell Óscar
Published: January 2025

El Archivo Histórico del Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Valencia conserva un inédito proyecto de estación de autobuses de Valencia firmado por Javier Goerlich Lleó en 1953. El Proyecto de estación de autobuses sobre solares de la antigua Casa de Misericordia en la calle de Guillem de Castro representó la ulterior concepción en el amplio repertorio de iniciativas imaginadas de estaciones de autobuses municipales en la capital del Turia: gestada al calor de una auténtica revolución liderada por Amalio Hidalgo (a la postre uno de los artífices de las dos únicas estaciones que sí fueron construidas en la ciudad), propone un enclave hasta entonces nunca barajado. No menos importante, presenta un encomiable aparato gráfico donde dialogan diseño y funcionalidad. Como otros muchos proyectos del prolífico arquitecto, nunca fue ejecutado. Este estudio desempolva el expediente para sacarlo de un ostracismo de más de siete décadas.
Retos para el desarrollo sostenible de la industria textil. Un recorrido desde la aparición de las indianas en Europa hasta el momento presente.
Authors: Deltoro Rosa
Published: January 2025

La aparición de las indianas en Europa fue un factor determinante en el proceso hacia la industrialización. Europa supo convertir el proceso artesanal de estampación en un método preindustrial. La mecanización de los procesos y las nuevas tecnologías propias de la industrialización no han hecho más que acelerar el proceso productivo generando grandes beneficios económicos pero también una importante huella medioambiental. Las fuertes demandas de la moda rápida y el creciente consumo de la sociedad actual ponen en peligro la fauna, flora y las comunidades humanas de nuestro planeta. Este artículo analiza, a través de una breve revisión histórica, el impacto de los tejidos estampados provenientes de Oriente, su influencia en la sociedad europea y en el proceso de industrialización del textil, reflexionando sobre los retos a los que se enfrenta la industria de la moda para alcanzar la sostenibilidad.
El doble proceso teleológico y poietico en la formación en creatividad publicitaria
Authors: Bermejo-Berros Jesús
Published: January 2025

La creatividad publicitaria ha sido conceptualizada como un proceso exclusivamente poietico. Sin embargo, esta investigación aporta evidencia empírica de la necesidad de un doble proceso teleológico y poietico en la invención. Los participantes, estudiantes universitarios de publicidad (N= 142), son repartidos en dos grupos, genérico y teleológico. Durante seis semanas, cada grupo sigue un método formativo diferente en creatividad publicitaria. Antes (pretest) y después (postest) de la fase intermedia de formación, crean un producto publicitario. Los resultados muestran la influencia del método formativo. Las creaciones finales del grupo teleológico tienen mayor eficacia publicitaria. Ésta se explica porque el grupo genérico sólo utiliza en su actividad inventiva operaciones poieticas mientras que el teleológico realiza un doble proceso creativo teleológico y poietico. Este estudio desarrolla la teoría creativa del doble texto articulado y contribuye a mostrar la necesidad de incluir en la formación universitaria en creatividad publicitaria este doble proceso teleológico y poietico que no había sido indagado hasta ahora.
Innovación versus renovación pedagógica. Reseña del I Congreso Internacional La renovación pedagógica ayer y hoy. Una mirada crítica a la transformación de la educación. Universidad de Valladolid, 17-18 de octubre de 2024
Authors: Martínez Bonafé Jaume
Published: January 2025

Los días 17 y 18 de octubre pasado se celebró en el Campus María Zambrano (Segovia) de la Universidad de Valladolid, el I Congreso Internacional “La renovación pedagógica ayer y hoy. Una mirada crítica a la transformación de la educación”. Organizado por la Cátedra de Estudios sobre la Escuela Segoviana y la Renovación Pedagógica, reunió cerca de 150 asistentes, profesores y estudiantes de las áreas de educación de diferentes universidades de España y Latinoamérica.
Las sesiones del Congreso mostraron una dinámica organizativa alternativa al tradicional formato de ponencias y comunicaciones, con abiertas posibilidades de participación muy acordes con la temática de la renovación pedagógica. Durante las sesiones y también en los pasillos y cafeterías, se produjeron intensos debates alrededor de una idea central: la renovación pedagógica, tanto en su tradición histórica como en su actual presencia en diferentes escuelas fomentada por diferentes colectivos docentes, constituye una oportunidad para avanzar en la reflexión crítica y un potente laboratorio de alternativas para el cambio y la mejora de la educación.
Lo intransitivo de la educación
Authors: Arnold Rolf
Published: January 2025

El pensamiento sistémico es un pensamiento holístico. Rompe con los supuestos mecanicistas y lineales según los cuales todo fenómeno (por ejemplo, una anomalía del comportamiento) puede remontarse a uno o varios factores condicionales que somos capaces de reconocer de manera prosaica. En cambio, el pensamiento sistémico parte de una epistemología que aborda a fondo la cuestión de cómo las y los observadores construyen realidades y las dan por sentadas como la única realidad que es igual para todos, una educación rutinaria que les ciega cada vez más ante lo que está a punto de surgir.
El conocimiento y la experiencia altamente cultivada pueden perjudicar la resonancia con la otra parte porque socializan a los profesionales responsables (personal docente, de orientación, directivo, etc.) en la ilusión de un sabidurilla separada que pierde las conexiones. E acompañamiento de los procesos de transformación –ya sean de enseñanza-aprendizaje o de dirección– requiere expertos en no-saber (cf. Arnold 2019) si se quiere apoyar efectos verdaderamente profundos y sostenibles a nivel de resultados.
En el corazón del profesionalismo que se incluye a sí mismo se encuentra, por tanto, una actitud específica que se apoya en los valores y criterios de una visión humanista del ser humano y una relación dialógica, por un lado, y una reflexión que se autoincluyente a sí misma y un enfoque prosaico de la eficacia, por otro.
Cuando enseñar se torna en desafío: obstáculos y estrategias a la hora de insertar la perspectiva de género en las aulas de historia
Authors: Boix Vicente Alba María
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación examina los obstáculos que emergen entre el alumnado a la hora de introducir la perspectiva de género en la enseñanza de la historia, así como las estrategias que el profesorado implementa para hacerles frente. Se utiliza, para ello, una metodología cualitativa que triangula tanto entrevistas a docentes, como observaciones de aula y análisis de materiales producidos por el propio estudiantado, lo que permite una comprensión profunda de las dinámicas educativas actuales. De este modo, se identifican resistencias significativas, especialmente entre los alumnos varones, lo que conlleva una creciente polarización ideológica dentro de las aulas de secundaria y bachillerato. No obstante, en respuesta a ello, son numerosas las y los docentes que, motivados por su compromiso con la equidad y los Derechos Humanos, implementan diversos métodos con el fin de seguir abordando estas temáticas de manera continua, lo que pone de manifiesto la importancia de abogar por un enfoque educativo crítico que contrarreste los discursos de odio emergentes y fomente un ambiente de aprendizaje verdaderamente inclusivo.
Race as the basis of 'völkisch' historiography
Authors: Ploeckinger Othmar
Published: January 2025

This article addresses changes in scientific thought in the 19th and early 20th centuries in Germany and Austria, which favoured the development of a historiography based on concepts of race. The rise of the natural sciences and particularly, of biology and the theory of evolution, led to a multifaceted realignment of social and historical interpretative patterns, at the centre of which guiding concepts such as race and nation were reinforced. Linguistics made a significant contribution to the hierarchisation of races and peoples, which continued to prevail, even when marginalised in the developing scientific disciplines of ethnology, anthropology and prehistory. These developments ultimately fed into a völkisch historiography that became increasingly independent of academic life and laid the foundation for a new National Socialist historiography.
Liquid-Cooled Thermoelectric Modules: Potential for Efficient Water Harvesting Through Air Condensation
Authors:   Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Bandung 40559, Indonesia, Prasetyo Bowo Yuli , Yuliane Aindri ,   Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Bandung 40559, Indonesia, Rosulindo Parisya Premiera ,   Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Bandung 40559, Indonesia, Wang Fujen ,   Department of Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Energy Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
Published: January 2025

Water is one of the essential natural resources for the sustaining life of all beings on this planet. In general, groundwater is used to meet daily needs, although the availability of this water source becomes a major concern, particularly in some areas with limited access to it. Air condensation is a solution for providing water in such areas. This study aims to explore the potential of utilizing the thermoelectric technology as an alternative solution for water provision. An experiment is conducted using a system consisting of single liquid-cooled thermoelectric cooling devices/modules (TECs). Three types/variants of TECs with different cooling capacities are tested at three different operating voltages. During the tests, changes in physical quantities are recorded for analysis, along with amount of water produced. The results demonstrate notable performance differences between all TEC variants. The highest cooling capacity is achieved by the TEC-1 variant, albeit with higher current usage. The TEC-3 variant delivers the lowest performance of all. TEC-2 obtains the highest water yield, producing 46.9 g of water at 12 V, while TEC-1 and TEC-3 produce 34.4 and 13.2 g, respectively. The highest condensation rate, i.e., 3.72%, is achieved by TEC-2, at 9 V, while the lowest energy consumption, i.e., 3.74 kWh/L, is shown by TEC-2, at 12 V.
Regulation of effect of halogen and oxygen-containing element doping on negative differential resistance and spin-filtering of α-2-graphyne nanoribbon
Authors: LI Xiaobo , LIU Shuaiqi , HUANG Yan , MA Yu , DING Wence ,   Xiangjiang Laboratory, School of Microelectronics and Physics, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China,   School of Intelligent Engineering and Intelligent Manufacturing, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China
Published: January 2025

With the gradual increase in size requirements for integrated circuit fabrication, the research on the miniaturization of electronic device is increasingly favored by more and more scientists. In this work, the edge modifications of the electronic band structure of α-2-graphyne and electronic transport characteristics of its devices are systematically investigated by employing the density functional theory combined with non-equilibrium Green's functions. The research results of the band structures doped with halogens or oxygenated group show that when the various elements are doped into the antiferromagnetic configuration of α-2-graphyne, the materials exhibit unique semiconductor properties. In particular, the periodic structure of α-2-graphyne with the O-doping exhibits relatively complex band structures near the Fermi level. It can be found that the electronic devices doped with F, Cl, O, OH show obvious negative differential resistance (NDR) and spin filtering effects. Among them, the NDR effect of the device with O doping (M4) shows particularly significant feature, and its peak-to-valley ratio in the antiparallel case is as high as 136. However, the peak-to-valley ratio reaches 128 in the antiferromagnetism configuration. In addition, the intrinsic physical mechanism of the NDR effect is further dissected by calculating the transmission spectra and local densities of states in the parallel case and antiparallel case. At the same time, the spin filtering efficiency of the device reaches a value as high as 84% at an applied voltage of -0.4 V in the parallel case and 79% at -1.6 V in the antiparallel case. By analyzing the electron transport paths of the M4, the intrinsic mechanism of the spin-filtering properties can be clearly understood for the devices based on the α-2-graphyne nanotibbons. This research has significant application value in the hot research t areas such as novel logic devices, integrated circuits, and micro/nano-electronic machines.
Recognising depression in non-human primates: a narrative review of reported signs of depression
Authors: van Oosten Jonas C. P. , Ploeger Annemie , Sterck Elisabeth H. M.
Published: January 2025

Major depressive disorder (depression) is a highly heterogenous human mental disorder that may have equivalents in non-human animals. Research into non-human depression teaches us about human depression and can contribute to enhance welfare of non-human animals. Here, we narratively review how signs of depression in non-human primates (NHPs) can be observed based on symptoms of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Furthermore, we propose diagnostic criteria of NHP depression and we review reports on signs of depression in NHPs. We diagnose an NHP with depression when it shows a core sign (depressed mood or anhedonia) alongside at least three other DSM-5-derived signs of depression. Results show that four out of six observable signs of depression are present in NHPs, occasionally lasting for months. However, only a group of six NHPs in one study met our proposed criteria for a diagnosis of depression. We call for more research into the co-occurrence of depressive symptoms in individual NHPs to establish the prevalence of depression in NHPs.
Evaluation of Metabolic Characteristics of Brain Tumours Utilising 31-Phosphorus MR Spectroscopy in 3T MRI: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kannan Nivetha , Sathyanathan Babu Peter
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The characterisation of brain tumours is predominantly based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for structural details and invasive histopathology for certainty. MR spectroscopy, a non invasive technique has provided access to the novel field of metabolomics in-vivo. Proton (H+) MR spectroscopy has gained unanimous acceptance as a neuroimaging technique. In addition, 31-Phosphorus MR spectroscopy provides insight into the energetics of normal and abnormal tissues.

Aim: To metabolically characterise brain tumours and compare them with normal brain parenchyma using 31-Phosphorus spectroscopy by obtaining applicable parameters for evaluation, diagnosis and grading of brain tumours.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Barnard Institute of Radiology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from December 2019 to December 2021. The study included 32 patients diagnosed with brain tumours based on conventional MR imaging, followed by histopathology, and 10 normal healthy volunteers who underwent 31-Phosphorus MR spectroscopy using a customised birdcage 31-P dual-tuned head coil on a Siemens 3-Tesla MRI scanner (Rapid Biomedical, Wurzburg, Germany). The phosphorus metabolites and ratios analysed included Phosphodiesters {Glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPE) and Glycerophosphocholine (GPC)}, Gamma Adenosine Triphosphate (γ-ATP), Phosphocreatine (PCr), and Inorganic Phosphate (Pi). The metabolite ratios assessed were GPC/GPE, GPC/Pi, GPC/PCr, GPC/γ-ATP, GPE/Pi, GPE/PCr, GPE/γ-ATP, PCr/Pi, PCr/γ-ATP, and Pi/γ-ATP. Additionally, pH was derived. The values were recorded within the tumour, in the peritumoural oedema, and in the normal-appearing contralateral brain parenchyma. These values were compared with each other and also with the brain parenchymal values of the controls. Oneway Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the metabolite ratios observed in various sites.

Results: The subjects included 13 females and 19 males, with a mean age of 41.7 years and 43.4 years respectively. A mild alkalinisation trend was observed within the brain tumours (pH 7.1±0.12) compared to the control group (7.05±0.02). Significantly increased GPE/γ-ATP and PCr/γ-ATP values, as well as significantly decreased PCr/Pi values, were observed within the tumour in comparison to the control group (p-value <0.05). Gliomas and metastases showed relatively higher pH compared to the controls (7.05±0.02). High-grade gliomas exhibited alkaline pH compared to low-grade gliomas, with a p-value of 0.000439. Significant differences were noted between gliomas and metastases compared to the control group.

Conclusion: A 31-Phosphorus MR spectroscopy has provided new insights into cellular metabolism in the pathological brain and has enhanced the understanding of the ongoing pathomechanisms in various brain tumours.
Bacterial Stalk Rot (Dickeya zeae) and Its Impact on Maize: The Emerging Silent Invader
Authors: Jha Shivani , Prajapati Sunil Kumar
Published: January 2025

Bacterial stalk rot caused by Dickeya zeae has emerged as significant threat to maize production globally. This pathogen previously known as Erwinia chrysanthemi pv zeae, is very notorious for its ability to cause severe yield losses, sometimes upto 98.8% depending on the climatic conditions. This disease is particularly prevalent in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions, thriving in high temperature and moisture conditions. Dickeys zeae has been characterized by morphological, molecular, physiological methods and virulent factor is found out to be pectolytic enzyme responsible for degradation of pectin present in cell wall component of plant. Bacterium survives in host debris and serves as primary source of inoculum. Symptoms can appear at any stages of crop growth from sowing to harvesting. Water soaking and rotting of basal stem mainly leaf sheath which emits foul smell. This pathogen has broad host range including sorghum, maize, rice, tomato, potato, brinjal, chilli and other grasses which makes its very difficult to manage this disease. It found to be severe in heavy rainfall area and stagnant water conditions by creating systemic disease infecting vascular tissues of plant. This pathogen can survive upto 3-6 months in soil having maize crop residues. Current control measures such as cultural, biological, physical, mechanical approaches have proven ineffective. No chemicals are found to be completely effective against this, although some are commercially available. This pathogen is soil borne and destructive in nature, complete resistance has not been identified. Therefore, identification and development of resistant cultivars are great strategy to combat bacterial stalk rot. Among all control measures, host plant resistance will be most economical and time consuming. Bacterial stalk rot is destructive pathogen causing great economic losses hence requires great attention to manage it effectively.
Estudo Prospectivo para a Transferência Tecnológica de Uso de Casca de Banana como Despoluente de Águas Tratadas e Rios
Authors: Morais Ana Luisa , Moreira Isabela , Pimenta Renaide , Ghesti Grace Ferreira
Published: January 2025

O agronegócio tem força significativa na economia brasileira. O resíduo gerado vem acompanhado de consequências ambientais relacionadas à poluição do ar, da terra e, principalmente, das águas. Nesse ínterim, surgem tecnologias de economia circular para redução dos danos causados pelo agronegócio, como aquelas capazes de despoluir a água contaminada por pesticidas utilizados na produção de grãos. A eficaz pesquisa laboratorial realizada pelo Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA) da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) utilizou casca de banana para remoção dos pesticidas atrazina e ametrina, largamente utilizados nas plantações de cana-de-açúcar e de milho, e de águas poluídas. Por meio de uma prospecção tecnológica ativa, foi possível traçar uma estratégia de transferência tecnológica e concluir que a tecnologia é embrionária e pouco difundida, recomenda-se então a criação de uma empresa startup para elevar o grau de desenvolvimento tecnológico. Vale destacar que se trata de um invento que não atende aos requisitos de patenteabilidade, logo a transferência tecnológica ocorrerá mediante contrato de know-how.
Análise das Patentes sobre o Uso das Sementes de Pracaxi, Murumuru e Ucuúba em Cosméticos na Plataforma Orbit
Authors: Dantas Patricia de Oliveira , Vilela Junior Dalton Chaves
Published: January 2025

Este artigo investiga a prospecção tecnológica para inovação, focando nas patentes de sementes de pracaxi, murumuru e ucuúba em cosméticos, destacando a importância da biodiversidade amazônica para a bioeconomia. A exploração desses recursos permite entender as tendências e o papel desses produtos na bioeconomia, apesar de esse campo ainda ser pouco explorado. A pesquisa foi realizada na plataforma Orbit Intelligence, e os dados de patentes foram sistematizados para apoiar as ações estratégicas no desenvolvimento de tecnologias patenteadas. A análise revelou 103 patentes de pracaxi (67 ativas), 209 de murumuru (135 ativas) e 56 de ucuúba (35 ativas), indicando interesse na proteção do conhecimento, gerando, assim, processos mais inovadores e sustentáveis. Este estudo contribui para a valorização da sociobiodiversidade amazônica e para a expansão da bioeconomia por meio de cosméticos mais naturais e eficazes.
Empreendedorismo Social: o papel da inovação social como ferramenta de política pública no desenvolvimento socioeconômico em comunidades subdesenvolvidas
Authors: Castro Ana Paula Ferreira Lopes , Lopes Maria Márcia Ferreira , Silva Glória Maria Marinho
Published: January 2025

O artigo aborda o papel do Empreendedorismo Social e da Inovação Social como instrumentos de políticas públicas para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico em comunidades subdesenvolvidas. Utilizando a metodologia de revisão sistemática Methodi Ordinatio, foram analisados diversos estudos, considerando o índice de relevância, o fator de impacto das revistas, o número de citações e o ano de publicação. O estudo enfatiza a importância da governança e dos recursos para o sucesso das empresas sociais, além do envolvimento da comunidade na inovação social. Destaca-se também a capacidade da inovação social em preencher lacunas sociais e de mercado, exemplificada por programas de desenvolvimento local. Além disso, ressalta-se a colaboração das microempresas com a comunidade e o desenvolvimento sustentável. Conclui-se que o empreendedorismo social é uma força dinâmica que conecta inovação social, desenvolvimento local e compromisso com causas sociais, enfatizando a importância de estratégias eficazes, de recursos adequados e de disseminação de conhecimento para promover mudanças sustentáveis.
Estudo Prospectivo Aplicado a Fibras Naturais Utilizadas na Composição de Absorventes Higiênicos e de Fraldas Infantis Descartáveis
Authors: Silva Leticia , Pereira Neila de Paula
Published: January 2025

A crescente preocupação ambiental está motivando pesquisadores a buscarem alternativas de tecnologias inovadoras para o plástico, um dos materiais mais prejudiciais ao meio ambiente devido à sua não biodegradabilidade e por sua difícil reciclagem. Produtos de uso diário, como absorventes higiênicos e fraldas descartáveis, que contêm plástico, agravam esse problema, impulsionando a necessidade de soluções mais sustentáveis. Dessa forma, o artigo teve como proposta um estudo prospectivo para mapear fibras naturais vegetais aplicadas ao desenvolvimento de bioplásticos, visando a uma produção mais sustentável e ecologicamente responsável de bens de consumo. Para o levantamento prospectivo, foi utilizada a base de dados Derwent World Patents Index (DWPI) que apresentou como resultado preliminar 1.000 documentos de patentes. Entre os resultados apresentados, destaca-se a identificação das fibras de bambu, de bananeira e de coco como as mais aplicadas em fraldas e em absorventes descartáveis, além de apontar a liderança dos países e das empresas asiáticas em registros de patentes com predominância no mercado.
Prospecção Tecnológica de Nanocosméticos: cenário atual e tendências alinhadas à bioeconomia
Authors: Anunciação Talita Andrade da , Báo Sônia Nair , Silva Victor Carlos Mello da , Silveira Ariane Pandolfo
Published: January 2025

A bioeconomia atrela o desenvolvimento sustentável a inovações biotecnológicas. A nanotecnologia pode ser uma aliada por meio do uso consciente da biodiversidade, particularmente na produção de nanocosméticos. A pesquisa em bases patentárias auxilia no esclarecimento do contexto tecnológico de uma área e pode direcionar a cadeia produtiva relacionada. Este trabalho objetivou realizar uma prospecção patentária em diferentes bases e avaliar as tendências no setor, alinhando o avanço tecnológico dos nanocosméticos aos preceitos bioeconômicos. Foram exploradas as bases Patentscope, Espacenet e INPI. Os dados foram tabulados pelo Microsoft Excel 2016, seguidos da elaboração de gráficos e tabelas. Os resultados indicaram os EUA e a China como os maiores depositantes no setor de nanocosméticos. Entretanto, esses resultados não refletem somente tecnologias que envolvem especificamente o uso de compostos naturais em patentes. Os dados do INPI sugerem que a sustentabilidade em nanocosméticos é um tema emergente no Brasil, sublinhando sua relevância.
CERTIFICADOS DE ENERGIA RENOVÁVEL - CONCEITUAÇÃO ATRAVÉS DE UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA
Authors: De Matos Thiago Filipe
Published: January 2025

A demanda por Certificados de Energia Renovável (REC) está relacionada à necessidade de se demonstrar o uso de energia renovável na matriz energética das instituições e países, aderente a uma economia de baixo carbono, ao Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo (MDL) e aos padrões sobre gestão de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade e Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG). Estes certificados, REC ou selos verdes, possibilitam a rastreabilidade de uma energia limpa e atende a diversos protocolos na elaboração de inventários sobre redução de emissão de gases de efeito estufa. Este trabalho apresentará o contexto em que os certificados estão inseridos e seus diversos conceitos, através de uma revisão sistemática. Os resultados obtidos possibilitam discernir o uso deste termo em alguns países e compreender como é a aplicação deste recurso em diferentes localidades no mundo.
Grande capital e o sentido do desenvolvimento capitalista em uma formação econômico-social: proposta de uma cartografia categorial
Authors: Oliveira de Carvalho Senra Gabriel
Published: January 2025

A categoria de grande capital é central para a delimitação do sentido do desenvolvimento capitalista em determinada formação econômico-social, e buscamos demonstrá-lo com base no papel que cumpre na definição das referências setoriais, tecnológicas, organizacionais e produtivas para o conjunto da acumulação de capital. Da mesma maneira, o grande capital constitui o polo dinâmico do padrão de reprodução do capital, o qual estrutura as relações políticas entre as diferentes classes sociais e delimita o horizonte de possibilidades do exercício do poder político.
Mark Fisher e educação: realismo capitalista e reformas empresariais
Authors: Carluccio de Andrade Vinícius , Vidotte Mativi Rafael
Published: January 2025

Este artigo objetiva mobilizar o arsenal teórico desenvolvido por Mark Fisher, filósofo e teórico cultural britânico que viveu de 1968 a 2017, para compreender as reformas empresariais na educação, com um viés crítico e a partir da luta de classes, em consonância com a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica. Analisa-se e define-se, por conseguinte, o que é o realismo capitalista, nó central nos escritos fisherianos, embasando-se tanto em livros e em artigos do autor quanto em comentadores posteriores. Em seguida, após entender como se manifesta essa aceitação tipicamente relutante permeada por fatalismo e conformismo, discute-se como as reformas empresariais representam a privatização da educação, mercantilizada, sob aquilo que Fisher denominou de ontologia empresarial.
Governo Bolsonaro, bolsonarismo e neofascismo
Authors: Maciel David
Published: January 2025

No governo Bolsonaro o processo de transição autoritária iniciado com o golpe de 2016 se aprofundou e acelerou, consumando a passagem da democracia de cooptação para a democracia restrita graças à sua luta incessante pela instalação de um regime fascista. A perspectiva neofascista do bolsonarismo contribuiu para o governo Bolsonaro reforçar os elementos fascistas no interior da autocracia burguesa. Os processos de militarização do governo, fascistização do aparato estatal, policialização da existência e de mobilização para um novo golpe aprofundaram as mudanças para a democracia restrita, sem, porém, lograr ultrapassá-la
Tecnologia e fetichismo na crítica da economia política
Authors: Mello Gustavo
Published: January 2025

O artigo se propõe a analisar o lugar da tecnologia na crítica marxiana da economia política. Para tanto, parte-se de uma discussão sobre a natureza e a forma social da tecnologia, como dimensão distintiva da sociabilidade humana, e sobre a sua conversão, na modernidade, em uma segunda natureza, a partir dos conceitos de trabalho alienado e de fetichismo do capital, e da crítica da ideologia do progresso. No momento seguinte, faz-se uma exposição de categorias como a da subsunção formal e real do trabalho ao capital, e dos conceitos de manufatura e grande indústria, que permitem compreender a constituição de um estofo material adequado ao capital por meio da subsunção da ciência e da tecnologia à dinâmica de acumulação. Dessa análise se extrai aportes teóricos para a análise do processo contemporâneo de inovação tecnológica, que servirão para sustentar, por fim, a importância da crítica da economia política para a análise de fenômenos sociais recentes, notadamente a chamada plataformização do trabalho.
Assessing The Impact Of Competency, Motivation, And Discipline On Employee Performance: The Mediating Role Of Information Technology At PT Garansi Usaha Nasional Syari'ah
Authors: Heri Dody , . Handriyono , Awwaliyah Intan Nurul
Published: January 2025

This explanatory research explores the mediating role of information technology in the relationship between
competency, motivation, discipline, and employee performance at PT Garansi Usaha Nasional Syari'ah.
Designed as a causality study, the research tests hypotheses to uncover the relationships and influences among
the variables. The study examines three independent variables—competency (X1), motivation (X2), and
discipline (X3)—with information technology (Z) as the intervening variable and employee performance (Y) as
the dependent variable. Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) analysis was utilized,
employing the SmartPLS 4.0 software for data processing. The results reveal that competency and motivation do
not significantly impact employee performance directly, while discipline has a significant direct effect.
Competency and motivation significantly influence information technology, but discipline does not. Information
technology significantly impacts employee performance and mediates the relationship between competency and
performance. However, it does not mediate the relationships between motivation or discipline and performance.
This study provides new insights into the strategic role of information technology in enhancing employee performance and offers practical recommendations for integrating IT solutions to optimize human resource outcomes