bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Libre évolution et naturalité en forêt : définitions et métriques associées
Authors: Gosselin Frédéric , Génot Jean-Claude , Lachat Thibault
Published: March 2022

Depuis son apparition dans la conservation de la nature, la notion de naturalité est très souvent employée pour les écosystèmes forestiers. La multitude de termes pour caractériser les forêts “naturelles” reflète la complexité de ce concept. Nous proposons dans cet article d’analyser les relations entre libre évolution et naturalité, et de distinguer les deux grands types de naturalité : biologique et anthropique — la naturalité anthropique comprenant la notion de libre évolution ou de spontanéité des processus. Nous proposons ensuite une synthèse des métriques employées dans la littérature scientifique pour mesurer ces deux types de naturalité en forêt. Les métriques liées à la naturalité biologique se focalisent sur les stades âgés et sénescents, celles concernant la naturalité anthropique sont plus centrées sur les prélèvements de bois passés (durée depuis la dernière exploitation, intensité des prélèvements…). Nous discutons enfin de ces notions considérées dans un contexte plus large — pas uniquement forestier ; cela nous amène à aborder les biais relatifs au choix des métriques, le lien entre biodiversité et naturalité, l’état de référence dans un contexte de changement global et la relation entre libre évolution et ré-ensauvagement.
« Que voit-on dans une forêt en libre évolution que l'on ne voit pas ailleurs ? », trois regards complémentaires
Authors: Garrigue Joseph , Larrieu Laurent , Boisson Bernard
Published: March 2022

Le regard de Joseph Garrigue : chronique d’une observation naturaliste sensible. Le regard de Laurent Larrieu : des espaces forestiers en libre évolution : Pourquoi ? Où ? Comment ? Que dit la science ?
Outre leur grande valeur patrimoniale intrinsèque, les forêts faiblement anthropisées offrent un refuge à la biodiversité spécifique des milieux forestiers, jouent un rôle important dans l’atténuation des effets du changement climatique et servent d’observatoires pour mieux comprendre le fonctionnement des écosystèmes forestiers naturels ainsi que de références pour développer une gestion basée sur l’imitation des processus naturels. La mise en libre évolution sur le très long terme d’espaces forestiers vise à augmenter la proportion de forêts faiblement anthropisées. Cette revue de littérature précise les caractéristiques que devraient avoir ces espaces forestiers pour pleinement jouer le rôle qui leur est assigné. Bien que les connaissances scientifiques sur le sujet soient encore fragmentaires, nous pensons qu’elles sont à ce jour suffisantes pour optimiser les initiatives de mise en place de surfaces en libre évolution par les gestionnaires de forêts.
Le regard de Bernard Boisson : les forêts rendues à l'oubli pluriséculaire comme référentiels pour recentrer le progrès et réaccorder la société
Les forêts en libre évolution ont une valeur de référentiel perceptuel pour inspirer et recentrer différemment toute gestion territoriale du plus rural au plus urbain. Cette prise de conscience nécessite l’inclusion de domaines de connaissances inhérents aux sciences humaines et aux approches culturelles sensibles en sachant que seule une humanité régulée est compatible avec une nature régulée et que cela implique la plus grande maturité interdisciplinaire entre nous tous. La nature non-domestiquée réveille l’humain inconditionné. Face à un mal-être social latent dans les paysages artificiels : « le déracinement humain dans des lieux déracinés », cette prise de conscience se révèle en grand antidote.
Les trajectoires paléoécologiques comme cadre d'identification des références écosystémiques
Authors: Robin Vincent
Published: March 2022

L’identification d’une référence écosystémique est une démarche essentielle à tous projets de gestion, conservation, ou restauration écologique. Néanmoins, c’est une démarche qui reste délicate car elle s’avère encore largement discutée, autant dans la communauté des sciences de l’environnement que dans le domaine de la gestion de l’environnement. Nous proposons ici d’aborder cette démarche de l’identification des références écosystémiques par le prisme des approches dites rétrospectives, de paléoécologie ou d’écologie historiques, qui permettent d’appréhender les trajectoires écologiques à long terme. Ainsi, nous présentons une synthèse de l’état des connaissances sur l’évolution passée des forêts, depuis le début de l’Holocène, et nous dressons un panorama sur cette notion de références écologiques, et les façons de les identifier rétrospectivement.
About Adaptive Identification of Bouc-Wen Hysteresis
Authors: Karabutov Nikolay
Published: March 2022

The adaptive identification method developed to evaluate the parameters of the Bouc-Wen hysteresis (BWH). The adaptive approach based on the use of adaptive observers. We synthesize adaptive identification algorithms using the second Lyapunov method. The boundedness of adaptive system processes shown in coordinate and parametric spaces. We prove exponential dissipativity of processes in an adaptive system. Estimating method proposed for signaling uncertainty in the system.
Terrestrial fate and effects of nanometer-sized silver
Authors: Johnson David , Boyd Robert , Bednar Anthony , Banks Cynthia , Weiss Charles , Coleman Jessica , Suedel Burton , Steevens Jeffery
Published: March 2022

Although engineered nanomaterials are active components in a wide variety of commercial products, there is still limited information related to the effects of these nanomaterials once released into the terrestrial environment. A high number of commercial applications use silver nanoparticles (nAg) due to its anti-microbial activity. This may be of concern for waste management since nAg could be applied to soil (e.g., biosolids) or disposed of in traditional landfills, which could lead to possible leaching into surrounding soil. This report aims to provide additional insight into the fate and effects of nAg in terrestrial systems. The studies in this report examine the leachability of nAg in field soil and compares the soil migration to bulk (i.e., micron-sized) silver; examine the ecotoxicity of nAg to earthworms in four field soils spanning several different soil orders; and examine the behavioral effects of earthworms when exposed to engineered nanoparticles in field soil. These data provide additional insight into engineered nanoparticle fate and effects to terrestrial receptors in field soils, an important distinction from laboratory-generated soils. These data will also assist ecological risk assessors to better determine the acute environmental risks of nAg in terrestrial ecosystems with different soil compositions.
Upaya Membentuk Keluarga Sakīnah pada Keluarga Penghafal Alquran
Authors: Muna Muzalifatul , Munir Moh.
Published: March 2022

The memorization of the Qur'an that has a family, of course, becomes increasingly mandatory, namely taking care of the family well and maintaining memorization. It happened to the four families memorizing the Qur'an in the village of Nglewan. Their activities are often preoccupied with practicing the Qur'an to make their obligation to take care of the family to be not maximal. The purpose of this study is to explore how the fulfillment of the rights and obligations of the husband and wife in the family of memorization of the Qur'an and how efforts to solve problems in the family of memorization of the Qur'an in the village of Nglewan Ponorogo. This research used qualitative descriptive approaches and interviews and observations to collect data. Based on the results of this study can be concluded, First, the fulfillment of the rights and obligations of the husband and wife to the family of memorization of the Qur'an in Nglewan Village as a whole is by Islamic law. Because of the fact on the ground, husband and wife have tried to carry out their obligations even though their application is still less than optimal. They also must keep the Qur'an. Second, efforts to solve problems with the family of memorization of the Qur'an in Nglewan Village as a whole have been applied by Islamic law. Because of the effort to resolve it using deliberation and to advise each other until they make peace.

Bagi penghafal Alquran yang sudah berkeluarga tentu menjadi bertambah kewajibannya, yaitu mengurus keluarga dengan baik dan menjaga hafalan. Sebagaimana terjadi pada keempat keluarga penghafal Alquran di Desa Nglewan. Aktifitas mereka yang kerap kali disibukkan dengan mengamalkaan Qur’an sehingga menjadikan kewajibannya mengurus keluarga menjadi tidak maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggali bagaimana pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban suami istri pada keluarga penghafal Alquran dan bagaimana upaya penyelesaian problematika pada keluarga penghafal Alquran di Desa Nglewan Ponorogo. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan wawancara maupun observasi, sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan, Pertama, pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban suami istri pada keluarga penghafal Alquran di Desa Nglewan secara keseluruhan sudah sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Karena fakta dilapangan suami dan istri sudah berusaha untuk melaksanakan kewajibannya meskipun dalam penerapannya masih kurang maksimal. Dikarenakan mereka juga mempunyai kewajiban untuk menjaga hafalan Alquran. Kedua, upaya penyelesaian problematika pada keluarga penghafal Alquran di Desa Nglewan secara keseluruhan sudah diterapkan sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Karena upaya untuk menyelesaikannya dengan cara musyawarah dan dengan saling menasehati hingga mereka berdamai.
Geographic Atrophy After Reabsorption of Pigment Epithelial Detachment (GARPED) Study
Authors: Peng Enoch , Adrean Sean D
Published: March 2022

Background: To describe the occurrence, rate of geographic atrophy (GA) expansion, and changes in visual acuity (VA) after reabsorption of subfoveal pigment epithelial detachments (PED).Methods: Included patients had reabsorption of a PED followed by GA. Patients underwent clinical examination with SD-OCT. Images were classified by size with grading occurring post reabsorption. VA was recorded pre reabsorption, post, and over time.Results: The average age of the cohort, consisting of 22 eyes from 19 participants, was 86.9 years at reabsorption. Prior to reabsorption, the VA was 20/80 and then declined to 20/200 (p=0.001). There was no significant VA change after the initial loss with reabsorption. The average initial lesion size of GA was 0.987 mm2 with an average growth rate of 0.274 mm/year.Conclusions: This study longitudinally examined GA growth rate in patients with reabsorbed PEDs. These patients started with a drusenoid or serous PED, had a dramatic reduction in vision and GA that occurred in place of the PED. These GA lesions have a slower growth rate and a smaller area of onset. They do not show significant VA change after reabsorption. As we enter the era of potential GA therapy, these patients may not benefit from current treatments under investigation.
Comparison of the performance of the UV/ZrO2 and UV/H2O2/ZrO2 photocatalytic oxidation processes in the aqueous phase degradation of ethidium bromide
Authors: Samarghandi Mohammad Reza , Rashtbari Yousef , Ghotekar Suresh , Ahmadi Shabnam , Igwegbe Chinenye Adaobi , Ghosh Soumya , poureshgh yousef , Rahmani Zahra
Published: March 2022

Ethidium bromide reaches the receiving waters and threatens the aquatic ecosystems due to its wider usage in biological laboratories. In the present work, ZrO2 NPs (a photocatalyst) was selected for the photocatalytic removal of EtBr using UV/ZrO2, and UV/H2O2/ZrO2 processes. The effects of working parameters including pH (2-10), contact time (5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min), dosage of ZrO2 NPs (0.1-1.0 g/L), initial EtBr concentration (1, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mgL−1), and H2O2 concentration (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 ml/L) on the photocatalytic degradation of EtBr were investigated at 25±2°C. The photocatalytic degradation kinetic parameters were evaluated via the pseudo-first-order model. Finally, the COD was determined to estimate the organic pollutant reduction capability of the processes used in this research. The UV/H2O2/ZrO2 (100%) was more effectual than the UV/ZrO2process (94%) at pH: 8, ZrO2: 0.5g/L, and H2O2: 0.5 ml/L, EtBr concentration: 50 mg/Land 60 min; which gave COD removals of 71.3and 30.7%, respectively. The UV/H2O2/ZrO2 kinetics data followed the pseudo-first-order rate reaction. As a result, photocatalysis process is a useful method for removing EtBr since 100% EtBr reduction was observed using the UV/H2O2/ZrO2 process.
Molecular Characterization of ESR1 Variants in Breast Cancer
Authors: Heeke Arielle L , Elliott Andrew , Feldman Rebecca , O'Connor Hazel F , Pohlmann Paula R , Lynce Filipa , Swain Sandra M , Nunes Maria R , Magee Daniel , Oberley Matthew J , Swenson Jeffrey , Vidal Gregory , Isaacs Claudine , Schwartzberg Lee , Korn W Michael , Tan Antoinette R
Published: March 2022

Purpose:Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations and fusions typically arise in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer after aromatase inhibitor therapy, whereby ESR1 is constitutively activated in a ligand-independent manner. These variants can impact treatment response. Herein, we characterize ESR1 variants among molecularly profiled breast cancers.Methods:DNA next-generation sequencing (592-gene panel) data from 9860 breast cancer samples were retrospectively reviewed. Gene fusions were detected using the ArcherDx fusion assay or whole transcriptome sequencing (N = 344 and N = 4305, respectively). Statistical analyses included Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests.Results:An ESR1 ligand binding domain (LBD) mutation was detected in 8.6% of tumors evaluated and a pathogenic ESR1 fusion was detected in 1.6%. The majority of ESR1 LBD mutations/fusions were from estrogen receptor (ER)-positive samples (20.1% and 4.9%, respectively). The most common ESR1 LBD mutations included D538G (3.3%), Y537S (2.3%), and E380Q (1.1%) mutations. Among biopsy sites, ESR1 LBD mutations were most observed in liver metastases. Pathogenic ESR1 fusions were identified in 76 samples (1.6%) with 40 unique fusion partners. ESR1 variant (mutation/fusion) samples more frequently expressed androgen receptor (78.0% vs 58.6, p<0.0001) and less frequently immune checkpoint proteins than ESR1 wild-type (PD-1 20.0% vs 53.4, p<0.05; immune cell PD-L1 10.0% vs 30.2, p<0.0001).Conclusion:We have described one of the largest series of ESR1 fusions reported. ESR1 LBD mutations were commonly identified in ER-positive disease. Limited data exists regarding the clinical impact of ESR1 fusions, which could be an area for future therapeutic exploration.
The relations between business model efficiency and novelty, and outcome performance while accounting for managed competition contract
Authors: IJntema Rutger , Barten Di-Janne , Duits Hans , Tjemkes Brian , Veenhof Cindy
Published: March 2022

Background
– Since 2006, with managed competition, business principles have been introduced to foster efficient healthcare. In the Netherlands and elsewhere, managed competition is expressed by a contract between a health insurer and a physiotherapy primary healthcare organisation (PTPHO). In such a managed healthcare environment, PTPHOs have to attain outcomes. Business model designs (efficiency and novelty) may enhance outcome performance. Research on both managed competition contract and business model designs in relation to the dependent variable PTPHO-centred outcome performance is new to the primary healthcare context. This study aims to describe the relations between business model efficiency and novelty, and PTPHO-centred outcome performance, while accounting for managed competition contract in Dutch healthcare.
Methods
– A quantitative cross-sectional design was adopted. By means of a questionnaire, the concepts were investigated among PTPHO managers. Theory-based expectations were set up and multiple linear regression analyses were applied.
Results
– Business model novelty and business model novelty moderated by managed competition contract both show a significant positive relation with PTPHO-centred outcome performance. Managed competition contract, business model efficiency, and business model efficiency moderated by a managed competition contract, show no relation with PTPHO-centred outcome performance.
Conclusions
- There seem to be positive relations between business model novelty and PTPHO-centred outcome performance on its own and moderated by managed competition contract. No relations seem to exist with business model efficiency. The combination of persistent use of health insurer-driven managed competition contracts and a naturally efficient Dutch physiotherapy sector may have left too few means for physiotherapy organisations to contribute to healthcare reforms and perform PTPHO-centred outcomes. PTPHO managers may want to shift their attitudes towards novel business models. The authors suggest optimising contracts towards provider-driven healthcare reform, including novelty requirements and corresponding reimbursements.
Tumor cytokine profile of renal cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Lee Moon Hee , Laajala Essi , Kreutzman Anna , Järvinen Petrus , Nísen Harry , Mirtti Tuomas , Hollmén Maija , Mustjoki Satu
Published: March 2022

PurposeRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 90% of all renal cancers and is considered highly immunogenic. Although many studies have reported the circulating peripheral cytokine profiles, the signatures between the tumor tissue and matching healthy adjacent renal tissue counterparts have not been explored. We aimed to comprehensively investigate the cytokine landscape of RCC tumors and its correlation between the amount and phenotype of the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Experimental Design We analyzed the secretion of 42 cytokines from the tumor (n=50) and adjacent healthy kidney tissues (n=24) with a Luminex-based assay. We further explored the differences between the tissue types, as well as correlated the findings with clinical data and detailed immunophenotyping of the TILs. ResultsUsing an unsupervised clustering approach, we observed distinct differences in the cytokine profiles between the tumor and adjacent renal tissue samples. The tumor samples clustered into three distinct profiles based on the cytokine expressions: high (53.2% of the tumors), intermediate (25.5%), and low (21.3%). Most of the tumor cytokines positively correlated with each other, except for IL-8 that showed no correlation with any of the measured cytokine expressions. Furthermore, the quantity of lymphocytes in the tumor samples analyzed with flow cytometry positively correlated with the chemokine-family of cytokines, IP-10 and MIG. Positive correlations were also observed between CD4+, CD8+ T cell PD-1 expressions and IL-8, suggesting a suppressive role of the chemotactic cytokine, even in T cell inflamed tumors. ConclusionsOur study highlights the distinct cytokine profiles in RCC and provides insights to potential biomarkers for the treatment of RCC.
Huge Left Atrial Myxoma: About 2 Cases Resected in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: NZOMVUAMA Alphonse Ndonga N'sungu , MUTUALE Cédric Nyombo , KONGO Roger Minga , MBANZULU Irène Nsolani , NSIALA Joseph Makunza
Published: March 2022

BackgroundMyxoma is the most common cardiac tumor, found in 75-80% of cases in the left atrium. It can grow quietly and therefore reach a large size before being symptomatic. Poor availability of echocardiography also contributes to delayed diagnosis. In Sub-Saharan African countries, myxoma diagnosis can be missed for many patients. Myxoma resection surgery, although technically simple, is not always possible, because of the lack of cardiac surgery development. The aim of this report is to describe the first two consecutive resection cases of huge left-atrial myxoma performed in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and to discuss the specificities of this surgery in this low-resource context.Case presentationTwo patients, 54 and 48 years old, were diagnosed with giant myxoma of the left atrium in the management of progressive dyspnea The first patient's transthoracic echocardiography revealed a pedunculated atrial mass (37X48mm) on the interatrial septum, passing through the mitral valve. For the second patient, the mass (64X26mm) was attached to the roof of the left atrium and protruded into the mitral valve, with significant mitro-tricuspid regurgitation The first patient underwent a simple resection of the myxoma. For the second patient, it was associated to a mitro-tricuspid annuloplasty. The postoperative course was simple for the first patient, but the second patient developed a biventricular failure requiring vasoactive drugs. Both patients were discharged alive from the hospital on postoperative days 10 and 12, respectively. They are regularly followed up and are doing well 2 years after surgery.Discussion and conclusionSurgical resection is the only effective treatment of myxoma. Our first results are encouraging The poor availability of the echocardiography is a challenge in the diagnosis of myxoma. The development of cardiac surgery in DRC and ongoing country-level efforts to address diagnostic challenges for these often silent tumors will allow us to expect more resections to be performed locally and larger series published.
Perspectives of Nurses and Managers on the Standards and Quality of Care in eThekwini District’s Long-Term Care Facilities, South Africa: A Qualitative study
Authors: Kalideen Letasha , Wyk Jacqueline M van , Govender Pragashnie
Published: March 2022

Background: Long-term care facilities (LTCFs) aim to help residents to maintain physical, mental, and psychosocial well-being; prevent a decline in the resident’s condition; maintain and improve residents’ health and rights. Nurses and managers play a major role in running LTCFs and ensuring that care provided to each resident meets the standard and quality required. This study explored the perspectives of nurses and managers on the standards and quality of care in eThekwini district’s LTCFs, South Africa.Methods: An explorative, qualitative study was conducted with a purposively sampled set of Nurses (N=12) and Managers (N=12) from three LTCFs in the eThekwini district. Data were collected through group interviews (GI), focus group discussions (FGDs), and dyad interviews (DI). The audio-recorded GI, FGDs, and DI were manually transcribed verbatim and exposed to a thematic analysis.Results: A total of five main themes (standard of care, human resources, management and responsibilities, resident centred care and technology), and 29 subthemes. Nutrition and medication safety were unique subthemes related to the standard of care for nurses, and infection control and accountability for managers, but standard operating procedures, falls, and uniformity of care emerged from both nurses' and managers' data. Job security, job satisfaction, and salary were unique subthemes related to human resources for nurses, and scope of practice for managers, but grievance, staff ratio, and terms of employment emerged from both nurses' and managers' data. Teamwork, marketing, and performance review were unique subthemes related to management and responsibilities for managers, but training and development, incentive, and infrastructure emerged from nurses' and managers' data. An individual care plan was a unique subtheme related to resident centred care for nurses, and stimulation, adjustment, and micro-society rules for managers, but continuous assessment and psychological well-being emerged from both nurses' and managers' data. Access and communication and filtering of information were unique subthemes for managers related to technology, but documentation emerged from both groups. Conclusion: This study’s findings suggest the need to improve the standard and quality of care provided by LTCFs in eThekwini district’s LTCFs, South Africa.
Economic Efficiency of Turmeric Production: South-Western Ethiopia
Authors: Melese Tsegaye , Gurmis Nigus
Published: March 2022

Turmeric is widely grown in the southwestern region of Ethiopia, specifically in Bench-Sheko and Sheka zones. Nevertheless, different evidence shows in terms of productivity it was not satisfactory. The study aimed towards estimate allocative and economic efficiencies levels, to detect factors affecting allocative and economic efficiencies in Sheko and Yeki districts. To conduct this research the data were collected from 360 sample Turmeric producers. Cobb-Douglas, and Tobit models were used to analyze efficiency, and determinate, correspondingly. Accordingly, the average, allocative and economic efficiencies were 60.78% and 44.71, correspondingly. Average allocative efficiency implies a prospect to decrease the cost of inputs by 39.22%. Turmeric yield was certainly and meaningfully affected by area, worker, oxen, Seed, chemicals, plus urea. Tobit regression outcome showed economic efficiency was absolutely and meaningfully influenced by the extension agent interaction, credit utilization, and market information. Strategies focus to inspire, and increase the delivery of credit, support the present farm extension structure, and provide relevant marketing information needed to expand the economic efficiency of turmeric.
Longitudinal Associations Among Physical Activity and Sitting with Endocrine Symptoms and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Latent Growth Curve Analysis
Authors: Lucas Alexander R , Kim Youngdeok , Lanoye Autumn , Franco Robert Lee , Sutton Arnethea L , LaRose Jessica Gokee , Ross Masey , Sheppard Vanessa B
Published: March 2022

Purpose We aimed to determine whether physical activity (PA) may mitigate side effects of adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET), or whether prolonged sitting may exacerbate them. AET often causes debilitating endocrine symptoms that compromise quality of life (QOL) in women diagnosed with hormone receptor positive breast cancer (BC). Methods We examined longitudinal patterns among PA and sitting with endocrine symptoms and QOL over 3 years in 554 female BC survivors undergoing AET using parallel process latent growth curve models. Results At baseline, women were a mean age of 59 years, mostly white (72%), with overweight/obesity (67%), and approximately 50% being within 1 year of diagnosis. Unconditional models showed a significant increase in PA (P<.01) over time but no change in sitting. Endocrine symptoms, general and BC-specific QOL all got significantly worse over time (P<.01). Parallel process models showed no cross-sectional or longitudinal associations between PA and endocrine symptoms, but higher PA was associated with higher QOL (P=.01). Increases in PA were not associated with changes in QOL. Conversely, higher baseline sitting time was associated with worse endocrine symptoms, general and BC specific QOL (Ps<.01), yet worse baseline endocrine symptoms were associated with a slower rate of increase in sitting (P<.01). Better baseline QOL was also associated with an increase in sitting (Ps<.01) while an increase in sitting was associated with reductions in symptoms (P=.017). Model fit statistics (x2, CFI, TLI, SRMR) were acceptable. Conclusion Both PA and sitting are important for managing symptoms and maintaining QOL in BC survivors.
Low shear stress induces inflammatory response via CX3CR1/NF-κB signal pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Huang Haozhong , Ren Peile , Zhao Yiwei , Weng Huimin , Jia Chunsen , Yu Fengxu , Nie Yongmei
Published: March 2022

Purpose Low shear stress has been reported to induce atherosclerosis. In the present study,the objective of our study is the comprehensive identification of CX3CR1 / NF-κB signaling pathway involved in low shear stress( LSS) -induced inflammation in HUVECs through protein profiling and cell function experiment.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cell was cultured onglass slides and placed in a parallel plate flow chamber. M199 culture medium was used for low laminar shear stress at 4. 14 dyn/cm2, 2 h for the testing group, CX3CR1 sh-RNA and NF-κB inhibitor PDTC are used to block the effects of CX3CR1 and P65. The expression levels of the protein were determined by western blot analysis. Mononuclear cell adhesion assays and scratch assays are used to detect cell adhesion and migration.Results Western blotting analyses revealed that compared with the controls，there is a significant increase in the expression of CX3CR1, nucleusP65,intercellular adhesion molecule-1( ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 ( VCAM-1) and Interleukin-6( IL-6), while the expression of cytosolic P65 and IκB was significantly reduced in human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVECs) treated with LSS. CX3CR1 Sh－RNA was use to reveal its effect on LSS-in-duced inflammation. Further, specific NF-κB P65 inhibitors( PDTC) were used to reveal the downstream NF-κB P65 exclusively involved in LSS-induced inflammation in HUVECs, this effect can be abrogated by CX3CR1 sh-RNA and NF-κB inhibitors. Monocyte adhesion assay and scratch test revealed LSS promotes adhesion of monocytes and migration of cells, this effect can be abrogated by CX3CR1 sh-RNA and NF-κB inhibitors. LSS is involved in the expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines, which are important for the initiation of endothelial inflammation-related atherosclerosis.Conclusions The activation of CX3CR1 /NF-κB signaling pathway induced by low shear stress in endothelial cells may lead to the future therapeutic targets of atherosclerotic inflammation.
KAT7 promotes radioresistance through upregulating PI3K/AKT signaling in breast cancer
Authors: Ma Yan , Chen Xiaohua , Ding Ting , Zhang Hanqun , Zhang Qiuning , Dai Huanyu , Zhang Haibo , Tang Jianming , Wang Xiaohu
Published: March 2022

Chromatin-modifying enzymes are commonly altered in cancers, but the molecular mechanism by which they regulate cancers remain poorly clear. Here, we demonstrated that KAT7, a lysine acetyltransferase, was upregulated in breast cancer. KAT7 expression level was negatively correlated with prognosis survival of breast cancer patients. KAT7 silencing suppressed breast cancer radioresistance in vitro. Mechanistically, KAT7 activated PIK3CA transcription, leading to enhanced PI3K/AKT signaling and radioresistance. Overexpression of AKT or PIK3CA restored radioresistance suppression due to KAT7 inhibition. Moreover, Overexpression of KAT7, but not KAT7 acetyltransferase activity-deficient mutants promoted AKT phosphorylation, PIK3CA expression, and radioresistance suppression due to KAT7 inhibition. In conclusion, our results identified KAT7 as a new target predicting radioresistance in breast cancer patients.
Calcification of Long-lived Coral Reef Builders in a Rapidly Changing Ocean: the Tara’s Transpacific Message
Authors: Canesi Marine , Douville Eric , Montagna Paolo , Taviani Marco , Stolarski Jarosław , Bordier Louise , Dapoigny Arnaud , Coulibaly Eric Herman , Simon Anne-Catherine , Agelou Mathieu , Iwankow Guillaume , Allemand Denis , Planes Serge , Moulin Clémentine , Reynaud Stéphanie
Published: March 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Evaluation of climate change impact on Legedadi and Dire Reservoir using R-R-V criteria
Authors: Alebel Surafel , Tura Amare
Published: March 2022

This study mainly deals with evaluation of the climate change impact on Legedadi and Dire reservoirs which is found in north-east Awash River Basin, Ethiopia using the reliability, resilience and vulnerability indices (RRV-criteria). Projection of the future climate variables is done by using Max Planck Institute for Meteorology – Earth System Model (MPI-ESM). In the present study, future rainfall MPI-ESM product corrected by using BFTV (Bias factor time variance).The 1996–2016 was taken as baseline period against which comparison was made. A hydrological model, HEC-HMS was utilized to simulate Runoff in the study area. The performance of the model was assessed through calibration and validation process and resulted NSE = 0.87 and PEV = 7.5% during calibration and NSE = 0.84 and PEV = 7.85% during validation. The projected future climate variables has two future time series, the first future time series (2020–2049) and the second future time series (2050–2089), for both future time series an increasing trend evaporation from the open water surface of reservoirs in watersheds of Legedadi and Dire reservoirs when the projected average maximum temperature and Minimum temperatures increase from the baseline period and precipitation shows a fluctuation event. Evaluation to the base and the future period average annual inflow volume shows an increase of 2.44% and decrease 0.99% at Dire reservoir and an increase of 5.15% and decrease 1.15% at Legedadi reservoir during 2040s and 2080s periods respectively for CMIP5 and CMIP6 (MPI-M).In general analysis of the reservoirs with current and future CMIP5 and CMIP6 MPI-ESM RCM climate change output indicates that the reliability and resilience of the reservoirs is sensitive to precipitation change than change in temperature on differing dimensionless vulnerability of the reservoirs doesn’t demonstration extraordinary difference for both the change in precipitation and temperature.
A Triple-Classification for The Evaluation of Lung Nodules Manifesting as Pure Ground-Glass Sign: A CT-Based Radiomic Analysis
Authors: Yu Ziyang , Xu Chenxi , Zhang Ying , Ji Fengying
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To construct a noninvasive radiomics model for evaluation of pathologic degree and individually treated strategy for patients with the manifestation of imageology-ground glass nodules (GGNs) on CT images.Methods: The retrospective primary cohort investigation included the patients with GGNs on CT images who underwent resection between June 2015 and June 2020. The intratumoral regions of interest were segmented semi-automatically and radiomics features were extracted from the intratumoral and peritumoral regions. After feature selection by Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy (mRMR) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) regression, Random Forest (RF) model was generated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was calculated to evaluate each classification. Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) was applied to interpret the radiomics features.Results: In this study, 241 patients including atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) or adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) (n = 72), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) (n = 83) and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) (n = 86) were selected for radiomics analysis. Four intratumoral radiomics features and one peritumoral feature were finally identified by the triple RF classifier with an average area under the curve (AUC) of 0.951 (0.953 for AAH/AIS, 0.934 for MIA, 0.965 for IAC, in the training set) and 0.935 (0.938 for AAH/AIS, 0.940 for MIA, 0.926 for IAC, in the validation set) for evaluation of the GGNs.Conclusion: The triple classification based on intra- and peritumoral radiomics features derived from the non-contrast CT images had a satisfactory performance, which may be used as a noninvasive tool for preoperative evaluation of the pure ground-glass nodules and developing individualized treatment strategy.
Therapeutic Ultrasound for Glaucoma (TUG) as a possible Neuroprotective Treatment for Glaucoma
Authors: Schwartz Donald , Schwartz Donald
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the potential for a low power, low frequency non-invasive ultrasound to offer neuroprotection to glaucoma patients. Methods: This a retrospective study of patients previously treated with the TUG device on one eye and the contralateral eye as a matched control. The study is an analysis of the imaging taken of these eyes before and after the TUG treatment with the specific finding of changes in the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL)Several small studies were previously performed using the TUG device for glaucoma from 2009 through 2014. The largest of these studies was a one year prospective, controlled 2 branch study. It was published in 20145. A total of 43 patients were treated in these small studies to evaluate intraocular pressure effect by the TUG device. A few charts reviewed did not have an image of the contralateral eye. Some parts of the analysis focused on the effect of the treated eye relative to time after treatment. Therefore, comparison was not available, but valuable information was found. A change from HRT imaging to OCT imaging took place, and for this reason there was a decrease in the cohort number to 31 whose data allowed comparison between the treated and non-treated eyes. Only those whose imaging was performed on the same instrument before and after treatment were included. All patients selected for these studies had open angle glaucoma including pigmentary, pseudoexfoliation, trauma and post complicated intraocular surgery. Typically, only one eye was treated with the TUG device. The eye with the higher intraocular pressure was chosen to be treated. If the intraocular pressures were equal, a coin flip determined which eye was to be treated. Usually, a decrease in intraocular pressure was observed in the treated eye, with a smaller effect found in the non-treated eye. If there were an increase in the intraocular pressure at some time after treatment, the patient was given the option of pharmaceuticals, laser treatment or additional TUG treatments to lower the pressure again. Results: A total of 31 patients whose records were still available who met the additional criterion of having imaging on the same imaging instrument (either HRT or OCT) before and after TUG treatment. Most of this group of patients had only one treatment with the device in one eye. Comparison of the Treated eye to the non-treated eye revealed a mean increase in the RNFL after treatment of +11.8% and a decrease in the non-treated eye of –5.1%. The comparison was p<0.0017Conclusion: This small retrospective study reveals a new potential treatment for glaucomatous optic nerve damage with the use of the TUG low power ultrasound.
High frequency ultrasound examination of inflammatory skin lesions
Authors: Jovanovic Dragan L , Ljubenovic Milanka , Jovanovic Maja R Slavkovic , Stevanovic Goran , Petrovic Aleksandar , Pesic Pavle
Published: March 2022

Although the use of high-frequency (higher than 20MHz) ultrasound dates back to the 1980s, its use has not yet become routine in everyday dermatological practice. High-frequency ultrasound is now used as an additional diagnostic method, primarily in the examination of cutaneous tumors. Only a few examinations dealt with the possibilities of high-frequency ultrasound in the examination of inflammatory skin changes We wanted to analyze the echographic manifestations of inflammation in different inflammatory dermatoses. The analyzed skin lesions were biopsied and the clinical diagnosis was confirmed pathohistologically, and the pathohistological characteristics were corelated with echographic manifestations. Regarding inflammation, cellularity of lesions (presence and amount of inflammatory infiltrate), oedema, dilated lumen of blood vessels was the most significant pathohistological changes that reflect on echosonografic manifestation of inflammatory skin lesions. In addition to collagen (its amount and distribution), the echogenicity of inflammatory skin changes is significantly affected by the cellularity of changes, and both hypercellularity (primarily inflammatory infiltrate) and hypocellularity (changes in the type of blisters). Monitoring of these data can potentially be used in monitoring the evolution of the disease, but also in monitoring the effectiveness of applied therapy in certain dermatoses.
Gross motor development and malnutrition in Ecuadorian children: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Cavagnari Brian , Guerrero-Vaca Darío Javier , Carpio-Arias Tannia Valeria , Duran Samuel , Vinueza-Veloz Andrés Fernando , Robalino-Valdivieso María Paulina , Morejón-Terán Yadira Alejandra , Vinueza-Veloz María Fernanda
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of the present work was to study the relationship between malnutrition and gross motor development. Methodology: Sample included 6087 infants under 24 months of age, participants of the ENSANUT-ECU study. To evaluate nutritional status we calculated z-scores by sex for body mass index/age (BAZ) and height/age (HAZ). Six gross motor milestones were evaluated: sitting without support, crawling, standing and walking with support, standing and walking without support. Data was analysed using logistic regression models in R.ResultsIndependently form age, sex and other socio-economic factors, the achievement of three gross motor milestones was significantly associated to nutritional status: sitting without support, crawling and walking without support. Compared to infants with normal HAZ, the odds of sitting without support was significantly lower among infants at risk of chronic undernutrition (OR, 0.688; 95%CI, 0.496–0.954) or with chronic undernutrtion (OR, 0.601; 95%CI, 0.433–0.833). The odds of crawling (OR, 0.730; 95%CI, 0.635–0.860) and walking alone (OR, 0.741; 95%CI, 0.590–0.933) were also significantly lower among infants with chronic undernutrition in comparison to infants with normal HAZ. In general obesity/overweight were not associated with the achievement of gross motor milestones, except for sitting without support. Obese infants showed higher a odds of sitting without assistance in comparison with children with normal BAZ (OR, 1.650; 95%CI, 1.160–2.245).ConclusionsChronic undernutrition is related to delayed gross motor development. In Ecuador, public health measures are needed to be implemented in order to prevent malnutrition and its detrimental effects on infant development.
Food Insecurity During COVID-19 in Children with End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chan Melvin , Mokiao Reya , Wilson Amy C. , Pottanat Neha , Hingorani Sangeeta , Starr Michelle
Published: March 2022

Background
Food insecurity, an important social determinant of health among children, has become more common during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children with chronic diseases including end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are at higher risk of food insecurity due to their complex care needs, medication burden, and dietary restrictions. No data exists describing food insecurity prevalence in pediatric ESKD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
Food insecurity was assessed among families of children (age 0-18 years) with ESKD on chronic dialysis at two pediatric academic medical centers. Families were screened in April 2020 using the Hunger Vital Sign, a validated 2-question screening tool. We assessed impact of COVID-19 on food insecurity. We compared serum phosphorus “pre-COVID” (January/February 2020) to “during COVID” (April/May 2020).
Results
A total of 29 families enrolled in this study. 62% (18/29) of children with ESKD lived in food insecure households, and of those, 72% (13/18) reported that COVID-19 had worsened their food insecurity status. During the COVID-19 pandemic, food insecure patients experienced greater rise in their serum phosphorus levels (p=0.03) and decreased likelihood of having adequate phosphorus control (p=0.03).
Conclusion
Food insecurity was common among children with ESKD on chronic dialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children with food insecurity had a greater increase in their phosphorus levels during the pandemic than did food secure children. Further exploration into how food resources such as an onsite food pantry impacts food insecurity and phosphorus control in children with ESKD is essential.
To Study Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Expression of Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor and Her-2/Neu in Prostate Carcinoma
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Khanna Menka , Kaur Harjot , Gupta Rajeev
Published: March 2022

Background: Prostate carcinoma is leading cause of cancer related deaths amongst men. This study evaluated expression of ER, PR, HER-2/neu in Prostatic carcinoma and its correlation with Gleason score and other clinical parameters.

Methods: 50 histopathologically proven PCa cases were subjected to IHC for ER, PR, HER-2/neu.

Result:  Most common age group involved was 61-80years. Retention of urine was most frequent complaint.  Most prominent Gleason score was (3+4) and group grade was 2. ER expression in tumor epithelial cells was 24% and in stromal cells was 36%. PR expression in stromal cells was 32%. HER-2/neu Cytoplasmic positivity was seen in 6% cases. It was seen that with increase in Gleason grade, ER, PR, HER-2/neu positivity was decreased.

Conclusion: ER, PR, HER-2/neu can be used as biomarkers in PCa management.
Morphology of WBCs on Peripheral Blood Smear of COVID 19 Positive Patients
Authors: Khandelwal Dr Archana , Shrivastava Rashmi , Pawar Shubhangi , Pandey Avantika
Published: March 2022

Background: Covid-19 pandemic has affected almost all the inhabited areas on our planet. Researchers are working hard to bring this disease to its resolution. There is emerging evidence everyday to point towards the altered parameters in our body. Complete blood picture and peripheral blood smears are also showing considerable changes. These changes can help to raise suspicion of Covid-19 infection at the earliest. This can help us in future to differentiate from diseases with similar findings on peripheral blood smear.    

Methods: This is a prospective observational study in which 500 peripheral smears of Covid-19 infected patients were observed and the findings were recorded. All the morphological changes in WBCs, total WBC count and neutrophilic lymphocyte ratio were recorded over a span of six months from June2020-December 2020. This data was analyzed statistically.

Result: Our study reveals that there is not much change in WBC counts in initial stage of the disease. Increased Neutrophil Lymphocyte ratio is seen in almost all the patients as the disease progresses. Presence of toxic granules in the cytoplasm of cells of neutrophilic series was the earliest noticeable change in the morphology of WBCs. Earliest response is seen in lymphocytes as azurophilic granules in cytoplasm and large indented nuclei.

Conclusion: With the above study, we can conclude that there are significant and specific changes observed in the morphology of WBCs of the affected patients. This simple and easily available test can be an effective tool in helping to raise suspicion of the infection. This in turn will lead to early diagnosis and treatment.
INVESTIGACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA Y FORMACIÓN EN POSGRADOS.
Authors: Moya Ureta Carlos
Published: March 2022

En general, toda referencia a la Investigación universitaria debiera significar las diferentes prácticas de investigación y también la formación a la investigación. Nos referimos al trabajo de los investigadores universitarios y a la formación de investigadores en y desde la universidad. Lamentablemente no es así. La tradición académica separa la Docencia de la Investigación, como si fueran dos esferas separadas entre ellas. Se mencionan como si fueran dos funciones o dos misiones diferentes. La Docencia debe ser investigativa, desde sus inicios. Los aprendientes deben encontrar desde el comienzo de su formación no solo a docentes que exponen bien sus materias sino la oportunidad de inmergirse en una cultura de la indagación. Incorporase a la ciudadanía de las preguntas.