bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Staff Training and Agro-processing Industry in Nigeria. A study of some selected Agro-industries in Nigeria
Authors: Ayo-Balogun A.O. , Ewuoso H.O. Al’Hassan
Published: July 2023

Training and development is a continuous exercise which aim at developing competences and enhance the individual’s capacity to contribute optimally to the development of the organisation. The aim of this study is to examine training and development as a means of driving agro-industry capacity in Nigeria. A survey research design was adopted for the study. The study was carried out in three states in southwest Nigeria. Multi stage sampling techniques was adopted to select 150 respondents in five Agro-Based industries (i.e. salt processing industry, production of flour, Maida and semolina, fruits processing industries, milk processing industries and seed processing and preservation industries). The necessary data were gathered with the aid of questionnaire distributed to 150 respondents in selected industries. The psychometric property (reliability and validity) of the instrument of data collection (questionnaire) were tested using Cronbach alpha and component factor analysis respectively. The data were analysed by means of simple linear regression with the aid of SPSS. It was revealed from the result of the analysis that there exist a positive significant relationship between Agro-processing industry and Training and Development in Nigeria. Hence, the study recommends that massive awareness should be made by Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute in order to enhance agro industry capacity in Nigeria and the Training institute should run efficient and effective mandatory training programmes bi-annually.
CARA MEMPERTAHANKAN NILAI KEISLAMAN DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-AZIZ POLAMAN MANISRENGGO PADA MASA COVID-19
Authors: Wawan Hermawan Efendi
Published: July 2023

Pendidikan pesantren sejak awal kehadirannya telah memiliki ciri khas tersendiri dengan sistem nilai yang berbeda dengan pendidikan-pendidikan diluar pesantren. Sistem yang mengakar di pesantren adalah keikhlasan, kemandirian, keteladanan, keserdehanaan, serta spritualitas yang terus berjalan mengikuti perkembangan dan kemjuan zaman, tetapi pesantren tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai keislaman , nilai yang diajarkan dipesantren adalah nilai-nilai yang menitik beratkan pada sifat-sifat ilahiyah, bukan pada materi,Pondok pesantren adalah lembaga pendidikan terkenal dengan kebudayaan yang khas, baik dari pola hidup yang bersahaja dan asketik, hingga tradisi pendidikan yang berkarakter. tradisi pesantren ini selalu dijaga dengan hati-hati, bahkan dari awal berdirinya sampai hari ini. Seiring perputaran zaman, sistem yang dulu masih menjadi sebuah yang kontemporer, sekarang telah menjelma menjadi sesuatu yang konvensional, dari yang paling modern menjadi tradisional dan ortodoks.
PENGEMBANGAN SDM MELALUI KEGIATAN KKN ABDI DESA DAN KERJA SOSIAL GUNA MENCAPAI KEMANDIRIAN DESA AMBAT KECAMATAN TLANAKAN KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Fachrizi Ach. resa
Published: July 2023

Abstrak: Pelaksanaan pengembangan SDM di Desa Ambat perlu dukungan kualitas sumber daya yang melaksanakan pengembangan tersebut. Dalam hal ini mahasiswa peserta Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) dari berbagai program studi dan fakultas di Universitas Madura menjadi ujung tombak dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pengembangan SDM melalui kegiatan KKN abdi desa dan kerja sosial di Desa Ambat. Hal ini dilakukan karena mahasiswa peserta KKN tersebut sudah menempuh ilmu berdasarkan mata kuliah yang diampuh selama hampir 4 tahun. Harapannya dengan ilmu yang sudah ditempuh tersebut dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan SDM di Desa Ambat. Dari permasalahan yang terkait dengan rendahnya kualitas SDM yang kurang memiliki kompetensi, maka penulis tertarik untuk membahas pengembangan SDM melalui kegiatan KKN abdi desa dan kerja sosial terhadap masyarakat Desa Ambat Kecamatan Tlanakan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan gairah partisipasi masyarakat dengan kegiatan sosialisasi dan kegiatan peningkatan skill lainnya guna mendukung peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia yang berorientasi kemandirian masyarakat dalam mendukung terciptanya desa mandiri. Pelaksanaan program kegiatan dibagi menjadi 3 (tiga) divisi yakni, divisi ketahanan pangan, divisi pendidikan dan divisi kesehatan. Kegiatan pengembangan SDM melalui abdi desa dan kerja sosial di Desa Ambat Kecamatan Tlanakan Kabupaten Pamekasan sangat bermanfaat bagi penduduk Desa Ambat. Dengan adanya kegiatan pengembangan SDM melalui abdi desa dan kerja sosial ini diharapkan sebagai bahan masukan bagi para pengambil keputusan agar mengoptimalkan peran serta semua komponen masyarakat dalam rangka keberhasilan program Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs).

Kata kunci: pengembangan, SDM, desa mandiri
Radar and Environment-based Hail Damage Estimates using Machine Learning
Authors: Ackermann Luis , Soderholm Joshua , Protat Alain , Whitley Rhys , Ye Lisa , Ridder Nina
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Large hail events are typically infrequent, with significant time gaps between occurrences at specific locations. However, when these events do happen, they can cause rapid and substantial economic losses within a matter of minutes. Therefore, it is crucial to have the ability to accurately observe and understand hail phenomena to improve the mitigation of this impact. While in-situ observations are accurate, they are limited in number for an individual storm. Weather radars, on the other hand, provide a larger observation footprint, but current radar-derived hail size estimates exhibit low accuracy due to horizontal advection of hailstones as they fall, the variability of hail size distributions (HSD), complex scattering and attenuation, and mixed hydrometeor types. In this paper, we propose a new radar-derived hail product that is developed using a large dataset of hail damage insurance claims and radar observations. We use these datasets coupled with environmental information to calculate a Hail Damage Estimate (HDE) using a deep neural network approach aiming to quantify hail impact, with a critical success index of 0.88 and a coefficient of determination against observed damage of 0.78. Furthermore, we compared HDE to a popular hail size product (MESH), allowing us to identify meteorological conditions that are associated with biases on MESH. Environments with relatively low specific humidity, high CAPE and CIN, low wind speeds aloft and southerly winds at ground are associated with a negative MESH bias, potentially due to differences in HSD or mixed hydrometeors. In contrast, environments with low CAPE, high CIN, and relatively high specific humidity aloft are associated with a positive MESH bias.
Preparing for the unprecedented
Authors: Golding Brian , Ebert Elizabeth , Hoffmann David , Potter Sally
Published: July 2023

Abstract. In 2021, several weather disasters occurred in which conditions surpassed recorded extremes. Analysis of the performance of warning systems in these disasters by the WWRP HIWeather project shows that in most, but not all cases, there was adequate forewarning of the magnitude of the event, but that lack of preparedness and/or communication failures led to loss of life in particularly vulnerable groups. Using information from the HIWeather value chain database, we present an overview of key aspects of each event – the weather and its impact, the forecasts, the warnings, and the responses – followed by some results of a comparative analysis of warning performance and some conclusions about critical components of a successful warning system. In the light of this analysis we conclude with a checklist of key components in the design of an effective warning system for unprecedented weather events.
UAV approaches for improved mapping of vegetation cover and estimation of carbon storage of small saltmarshes: examples from Loch Fleet, northeast Scotland
Authors: Hiles William , Miller Lucy Catherine , Smeaton Craig , Austin William Edward Newns
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Saltmarsh environments are recognised as key components of many biophysical and biochemical processes at the local and global scale. Accurately mapping these environments, and understanding how they are changing over time, is crucial for better understanding these systems. However, traditional surveying techniques are time-consuming and are inadequate for understanding how these dynamic systems may be changing temporally and spatially. The development of Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology presents an opportunity for efficiently mapping saltmarsh extent. Here we develop a methodology which combines field vegetation surveys with multispectral UAV data collected at two scales to estimate saltmarsh area and organic carbon storage at three saltmarshes in Loch Fleet (Scotland). We find that the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values for surveyed saltmarsh vegetation communities, in combination with local tidal data, can be used to reliably estimate saltmarsh area. Using these area estimates, together with known plant community and soil organic carbon relationships, saltmarsh soil organic carbon storage is modelled. Based on our most reliable UAV-derived saltmarsh area estimates, we find that organic carbon storage is 15–20 % lower than previous area estimates would indicate. The methodology presented here potentially provides a cheap, affordable, and rapid method for saltmarsh mapping which could be implemented more widely to test and refine existing estimates of saltmarsh extent and is particularly well-suited to the mapping of small areas of saltmarsh habitat.
Geochemical characterisation and protolith restoration of metamorphic rocks at Lazishao graphite mine, Sichuan
Authors: Cheng Wenqi , Yu Haijun , Wang Xue , Kong Decai , Long Bo
Published: July 2023

Abstract. This study determined the deposit characteristics and geochemical features of metamorphic rocks from the Lazishao graphite deposit in order to reconstruct the metamorphic protoliths and palaeo-sedimentary environment. The results show that the SiO2 content of the metamorphic rocks is high (55.60 % to 77.94 %), while Na2O is 0.22 % to 1.85 %, K2O is 1.87 % to 3.45 %, K2O > Na2O, and K2O/Na2O + K2O > 0.5. The fractionation degree of light rare earth elements (LREEs) is greater than that of heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), with LREE/HREE ratios of 3.09 to 8.77; LaN/YbN is 2.72 to 10.75, with a mean value of 9.69. The rocks have moderate negative Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.50 to 0.89, mean = 0.64). Ionic lithophile elements (e.g., Rb, Ba, and K) are relatively enriched, but Sr is relatively depleted. The graphite-bearing metamorphic rocks in the study area originated from sedimentary rocks, mainly mudstone and greywacke. The palaeo-sedimentary environment was a low-salinity terrestrial freshwater body in a cold or moderately cold climatic zone.
Deconstruction of tropospheric chemical reactivity using aircraft measurements: the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) data
Authors: Prather Michael J. , Guo Hao , Zhu Xin
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The NASA Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) completed
four seasonal deployments (August 2016, February 2017, October 2017, May 2018), each with regular 0.2–12 km profiling by transecting the remote
Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean basins. Additional data were also acquired for the Southern Ocean, the Arctic basin, and two flights over Antarctica.
ATom in situ measurements provide a near-complete chemical characterization
of the ∼ 140 000 10 s (80 m by 2 km) air parcels measured
along the flight path. This paper presents the Modeling Data Stream (MDS), a
continuous gap-filled record of the 10 s parcels containing the chemical
species needed to initialize a gas-phase chemistry model for the budgets of
tropospheric ozone and methane. Global 3D models have been used to calculate
the Reactivity Data Stream (RDS), which is comprised of the chemical
reactivities (production and loss) for methane, ozone, and carbon monoxide,
through 24 h integration of the 10 s parcels. These parcels accurately
sample tropospheric heterogeneity and allow us to partially deconstruct the
spatial scales and variability that define tropospheric chemistry from
composition to reactions. This paper provides a first look at and analysis of
the up-to-date MDS and RDS data including all four deployments (Prather et
al., 2023, https://doi.org/10.7280/D1B12H). ATom's regular profiling of the ocean basins allows for weighted averages to
build probability densities for the key species and reactivities presented here.
These statistics provide climatological metrics for global chemistry models,
e.g., the large-scale pattern of ozone and methane loss in the lower
troposphere and the more sporadic hotspots of ozone production in the
upper troposphere. The profiling curtains of reactivity also identify
meteorologically variable and hence deployment-specific hotspots of
photochemical activity. Added calculations of the sensitivities of the
production and loss terms relative to each species emphasize the few
dominant species that control the ozone and methane budgets and whose
statistical patterns should be key model–measurement metrics. From the
sensitivities, we also derive linearized lifetimes of ozone and methane on a
parcel-by-parcel basis and average over the basins, providing an
observational basis for these previously model-only diagnostics. We had
found that most model differences in the ozone and methane budgets are
caused by the models calculating different climatologies for the key species
such as O3, CO, H2O, NOx, CH4, and T, and thus these ATom
measurements make a substantial contribution to the understanding of
model differences and even identifying model errors in global tropospheric
chemistry.
Point-scale multi-objective calibration of the Community Land Model (version 5.0) using in situ observations of water and energy fluxes and variables
Authors: Denager Tanja , Sonnenborg Torben O. , Looms Majken C. , Bogena Heye , Jensen Karsten H.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. This study evaluates water and energy fluxes and variables in combination with parameter optimization of version 5 of the state-of-the-art Community Land Model (CLM5) land surface model, using 6 years of hourly
observations of latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, groundwater recharge,
soil moisture and soil temperature from an agricultural observatory in
Denmark. The results show that multi-objective calibration in combination
with truncated singular value decomposition and Tikhonov regularization is a powerful method to improve the current practice of using lookup tables to define parameter values in land surface models. Using measurements of
turbulent fluxes as the target variable, parameter optimization is capable
of matching simulations and observations of latent heat, especially during
the summer period, whereas simulated sensible heat is clearly biased. Of the
30 parameters considered, the soil texture, monthly leaf area index (LAI) in summer, stomatal
conductance and root distribution have the highest influence on the
local-scale simulation results. The results from this study contribute to
improvements of the model characterization of water and energy fluxes. This work highlights the importance of performing parameter calibration using
observations of hydrologic and energy fluxes and variables to obtain the optimal parameter values for a land surface model.
Tropical Andosol organic carbon quality and degradability in relation to soil geochemistry as affected by land use
Authors: Anindita Sastrika , Finke Peter , Sleutel Steven
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Land use is recognized to impact soil geochemistry on the centennial to millennial timescale, with implications for the distribution and stability
of soil organic carbon (SOC). Young volcanic soils in tropical areas are subject to much faster pedogenesis, noticeable already on the centennial or
even decadal timescale. As land use is a recognized factor for soil formation, it is thus conceivable that even relatively recent land use conversion in
such areas would already bear a significant impact on the resulting formed soils., e.g., in terms of content of pedogenic oxides. Very scarce
observational evidence exists, so such indirect implications of land use on SOC cycling are largely unknown. We here investigated SOC fractions,
substrate-specific mineralization (SOC or added plant residue), and net priming of SOC as a function of forest or agricultural land use on Indonesian
volcanic soils. The content of oxalate-extracted Al (Alo) correlated well with organic carbon (OC) associated with sand-sized aggregates,
particularly in the subsoil. The proportion of SOC in sand-sized ultrasonication-resistant (400 J mL−1) aggregates was also higher in
agricultural land use compared to pine forest land use, and a likewise contrast existed for Alo. These combined observations suggest that enhanced
formation of Al (hydr)oxides promoted aggregation and physical occlusion of OC. This was, importantly, also consistent with a relatively lesser
degradability of SOC in the agricultural sites, though we found no likewise difference in degradability of added 13C-labeled ryegrass or
in native SOC priming between the pine forest and agricultural land uses. We expected that amorphous Al content under agricultural land use
would mainly have promoted mineral association of SOC compared to under pine forest land use but found no indications for this. Improved small-scale
aggregation of tropical Andosols caused by conversion to agriculture and high carbon input via organic fertilizer may thus partially counter the
otherwise expectable decline of SOC stocks following cultivation. Such indirect land use effects on the SOC balance appeared relevant for correct
interpretation and prediction of the long-term C balance of (agro)ecosystems with soil subject to intense development, like the here-studied tropical Andosols.
Responses of dissolved organic carbon to freeze–thaw cycles associated with the changes in microbial activity and soil structure
Authors: Kim You Jin , Kim Jinhyun , Jung Ji Young
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Arctic warming accelerates snowmelt, exposing soil surfaces with shallow or no snow cover to freeze–thaw cycles (FTCs) more frequently in early spring and late autumn. FTCs influence Arctic soil C dynamics by increasing or decreasing the amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC); however, mechanism-based explanations of DOC changes that consider other soil biogeochemical properties are limited. To understand the effects of FTCs on Arctic soil responses, we designed microcosms with surface organic soils from Alaska and investigated several soil biogeochemical
changes for seven successive temperature fluctuations of freezing at
−9.0 ± 0.3 ∘C and thawing at 6.2 ± 0.3 ∘C for 12 h each. FTCs significantly changed the following soil variables: soil CO2 production (CO2), DOC and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) contents, two DOC quality indices (SUVA254 and A365 / A254), microaggregate (53–250 µm) distribution, and small-sized mesopore (0.2–10 µm) proportion. Multivariate statistical analyses indicated that the FTCs improved soil structure at the scale of microaggregates and small-sized mesopores, facilitating DOC decomposition by soil microbes and changes in DOC quantity and quality by FTCs. This study showed that FTCs increased soil CO2 production, indicating that FTCs affected DOC characteristics without negatively impacting microbial activity. Soil microaggregation enhanced by FTCs and the subsequent increase in microbial activity and small-sized pore proportion could promote DOC decomposition, decreasing the DOC quantity. This study provides a mechanism-based interpretation of how FTCs alter DOC characteristics of the organic soil in the active layer by incorporating structural changes and microbial responses, improving our understanding of Arctic soil C dynamics.
Trajectories of psychosocial working conditions and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a Swedish register-based cohort study
Authors: Pan Kuan-Yu , Almroth Melody , Nevriana Alicia , Hemmingsson Tomas , Kjellberg Katarina , Falkstedt Daniel
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVES: While psychosocial working conditions have been associated with morbidity, their associations with mortality, especially cause-specific mortality, have been less studied. Additionally, few studies considered the time-varying aspect of exposures. We aimed to examine trajectories of job demand–control status in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), suicide, and alcohol-related mortality.

METHODS: The study population consisted of around 4.5 million individuals aged 16-60 years in Sweden in 2005. Job control and demands were respectively measured using job exposure matrices (JEM). Trajectories of job control and demands throughout 2005–2009 were identified using group-based trajectory modelling, and job demand–control categories were subsequently classified. Deaths in 2010–2019 were recorded in the national cause of death register. Cox regression models were used.

RESULTS: A total of 116 242 individuals died in 2010–2019. For both job control and demands, we identified four trajectories, which were parallel to each other and represented four levels of exposures. Low control and passive jobs were associated with higher all-cause, CVD, and suicide mortality among both men and women. High strain jobs were associated with higher all-cause and CVD mortality among men, while low control, passive jobs, and high strain jobs were associated with higher alcohol-related mortality among women.

CONCLUSIONS: The trajectories identified may suggest stable levels of job control and demands over time. Poor psychosocial working conditions are related to all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and these patterns vary to some extent between men and women.
Salp Swarm Algorithm to solve Cryptographic Key Generation problem for Cloud computing
Authors: Kaleem Waseem , Sajid Mohammad , Rajak Ranjit
Published: July 2023

Cryptographic keys are long strings of random bits generated using specialized algorithms and help secure data by making it unpredictable to any adversary. Cryptographic keys are used in various cryptographic algorithms in many domains, i.e., Cloud computing, Internet-of-Things (IoT), Fog computing, and others. The key generation algorithms are essential in cryptographic data encryption and decryption algorithms. This work proposed a cryptographic key generation algorithm based on Shannon entropy and the Salp Swarm algorithm (SSA) for generating randomized keys. The proposed Cryptographic Key Generation algorithm utilizes the dynamic movement of salps to create high-quality, robust, and randomized keys against attacks. The transfer function and quantization method convert a salp into a cryptographic key. The proposed Cryptographic Key Generation algorithm has been evaluated on four transfer functions against three state-of-the-art swarm intelligence metaheuristics, i.e., particle swarm optimization, BAT, and grey wolf optimization algorithms. The keys of eight different bit lengths, i.e., 512, 256, 192, 128, 96, 80, 64, were generated and evaluated due to their applications in the different encryption algorithms, i.e., AES, DES, PRESENT, SIMON, SPECK, and 3DES. The simulation study confirms that the proposed key generation algorithm effectively produces secure cryptographic keys.
Design, Performance and Economic evaluation of a 4kW Grid-interactive Solar PV Rooftop in Odisha using Pvsyst
Authors: Yadav Renu , Gautam Anamol , Pradeepa Palraj
Published: July 2023

The global decline of fossil fuels has required the development of alternative energy sources to satisfy the electricity demand. This article assesses and inaugurated the viability of grid-interactive photovoltaic systems providing electricity to a residential load. Since the average solar irradiation in Odisha is 1156.39 W/m2, a 4-kW rooftop solar photovoltaic system can produce 17.8 kWh of electricity per day (5.5 sunshine hours).  Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions are reduced by 113 tonnes for every 4 kWp produced, which is equal to planting 181 trees. This 4kW device is analyzed with a PVsyst (V7) program for a residential load consumption of kWh/day. The device consists of 16 photovoltaic modules, each with a 320 Wp value, that are arranged in two strings of eight modules each. The efficacy of the photovoltaic arrays, surplus energy pumped into the grid, usable AC energy, efficiency ratio, and various losses occurring in the photovoltaic system are all evaluated in the simulation outcome. The paper promotes using photovoltaic systems as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly energy source.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL APPEARANCE ANXIETY OF ADULT INDIVIDUALS ON FOOD PREFERENCE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
Authors: ÇOMAK Niran , ARSLAN Müge
Published: July 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of social appearance anxiety of adult individuals who applied to a private nutrition and diet clinic in Istanbul province on their food choice and its relationship with anthropometric measurements.

Method: Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) and Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) including questions on participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and nutritional status were performed face to face. Data were analyzed with SPSS v26 (IBM Inc., Chicago, II, USA) package program.

Results: Mean age of participants was 40.03±12.12 years, mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.93±5.41kg/m², waist circumference was 88.97±18.17 cm., hip circumference was 101.66±17.52cm., waist/hip ratio was 0.88±0.09 cm., waist/height ratio was 0.53±0.10 cm. 197 participants were male and 313 were female. Females’ median total “SAAS” score (U=25352; p
THE CHOICE OF A SOURCE OF THERMAL ENERGY IN HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE REQUIREMENTS OF DECARBONIZATION AND ENERGY CONSERVATION
Authors: NIYAKOVSKII A. , LARINA D. , BATENKOVA A.
Published: July 2023

A system of scientifically based criteria has been developed to evaluate and optimize the operation of heat supply systems sources, taking into account their energy efficiency, the type of primary energy carriers used and CO2 emissions into the atmosphere.

Using the developed system of criteria, numerical studies were performed and new results were obtained showing a quantitative relationship between the degree of thermodynamic efficiency of the source of the heat supply system, the type of primary fuel or primary energy carrier used and the volume of CO2 emissions.

Based on the results of numerical studies, scientifically based recommendations have been developed for the selection of a heat supply source in heat supply systems in order to ensure high efficiency of primary fuel and energy use while reducing carbon dioxide emissions.
RATIONALE AND SCHEMES USE RANKING MEASURING SYSTEMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND INTELLIGENT ANALYSIS WATER DISPOSAL MODES
Authors: SHTEPA V. , ZOLOTYH N. , KIREEV S.
Published: July 2023

Based on the analysis of environmental shortcomings in the functioning of centralized sewerage systems, the technological feasibility of using ranking measuring systems for impact monitoring in order to prevent a negative technogenic impact on geoecosystems is substantiated. Structural schemes for the practical implementation of such solutions have been developed and proposed. Structural models have been created for the use of intelligent ranking measuring systems to predict the ecological state of wastewater disposal systems and water bodies with a reduction in the risks of emergency situations.
Regulatory Role of Human Neutrophil Peptides (HNP1-3) on Interleukin-6 Production in Early Childhood Caries
Authors: Kareem Sarah Jamal , Al-Ghurabi Batool Hassan
Published: July 2023

Background: Dental caries is one of preschool children’s significant common infectious chronic diseases. Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most prevalent chronic childhood disease worldwide. HNP 1-3 are part of the non-oxidative antimicrobial mechanisms of neutrophils and can increase innate immunity by stimulating pro-inflammatory responses. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by various nonimmune and immune cells responsible for regulating many aspects of the local immune response.

Aim of Study: This study was conducted to evaluate the salivary levels of HNP1–3 in children with dental caries and to study the effect of the HNP1–3 level on the secretion of IL-6 in this disease.

Materials and Methods: Eighty children 4-5 years old were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups; 40 children with ECC as the study group and 40 caries-free children as the control group who matched the study group in age and gender: oral examination and measurement of clinical parameters of caries experience determined by dmfs index. Saliva samples were taken from all subjects. ELISA assay was carried out to estimate salivary levels of HNP1–3 and IL-6.

Results: The current study found a significant elevation (P<0.05) in mean levels of HNP1-3 and IL-6 among children with ECC compared to caries-free children. Moreover, salivary HNP1-3 level showed a significant positive correlation with IL-6. On the other hand, there was no significant correlation between HNP1-3 and dmfs, whereas there was a positive correlation with IL-6.

Conclusions: These findings indicated that high levels of HNP1–3 and IL-6 may play a crucial essential ECC, and a positive correlation between them confirms the effect of antimicrobial peptides on cytokine production.
Beyin Tümörü Tanıları İçin YOLOv7 Algoritması Tabanlı Karar Destek Sistemi Tasarımı
Authors: YILMAZ Serhat
Published: July 2023

Sağlık alanında derin öğrenme algoritmalarının karar destek sistemleriyle bağdaştırılması her geçen gün daha tutarlı teshişler ve etkin tedavilerin önünü açmaktadır. Sağlık çalışanları, daha fazla veri, belge ve deneyim içeren karar verme modelleri ile etkileşime geçerek hızlı ve doğru kararlar alabilmektedir. Derin öğrenme modellerindeki gelişmelerle birlikte, imge ve video görüntülerinden doğru ve hızlı bir şekilde nesne tespiti için evrişimsel sinir ağları gibi mimariler yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Evrişimsel sinir ağları üzerine inşa edilen nesne tespit modellerinde, eğitim aşamasından geçtikten sonra test aşamasında önce nesnenin tahmini yapılır ve belirlenen nesne çerçeve içine alınarak tespit aşaması tamamlanır. Bu çalışmada, YOLO algoritması kullanılarak beyin tümörlerinin ve konumlarının MR görüntüleri üzerinde tespiti hedeflenmiştir. YOLOv7 ve YOLOv7-tiny algoritmaları üzerinde 3203 eğitim görüntüsü kullanılarak model eğitimleri tamamlanmıştır. Bunu, çok sayıda klinik deneyimin karar destek sistemine aktarılması olarak yorumlamak yanlış olmayacaktır. Model eğitim çıktılarının başarımı kesinlik, hatırlama ve F1 puanı gibi ölçütler açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Eğitim görüntüleri haricinde test ve doğrulama görüntüleri de oluşturulmuştur. Görüntüler “makesense.ai” kullanılarak etiketlenmiştir ve Google Colab üzerinden eğitimleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tespitlerde %97’lere varan doğruluklar elde edilmiştir. YOLO algoritmasının karar destek sistemlerinin doğruluğunu arttırması farklı sağlık kurumlarındaki tanılar arasında tutarlılığı sağlayacak, kişisel kaynaklı tespit hatalarını en aza indirgeyecek ve izlenecek tedavi prosedürlerini olumlu yönde etkileyecektir.
Using Manual and Automatic Summarization: What Should Students Consider in Writing a Summary?
Authors: Nur Fitria Tira
Published: July 2023

Writing a summary related to reading and writing. Writing a summary of a text not only helps students assimilate what they have read by highlighting and connecting the key points but also enables them to articulate their thoughts in writing. It means that a summary must be brief, accurate, and written in individual words. This study describes teaching summarization both manual and automatic summarization for students. This research is library research. The analysis shows that writing and summarizing a journal article is a common task for students. Students can read articles for summaries, plan good summaries, and write summaries to completion. Writing a summary can be manual or online (automatic) summarization. Manually, students need to consider several points before writing a summary including avoiding using personal pronouns, making sentences as objective as possible, beginning by defining the problem statement, discussing the author’s methodology, describing the research results, connecting the main ideas featured, do not conclude, provide the interpretation, avoid using direct quotes from journal articles, use appropriate tenses and improve students writing design. Students must check their self-evaluation of summarising skills, such as expressing the central idea or theme as a statement/declarative, assessing the quantity, quality, and order of the evidence, constructing evidence for inferential reasoning, paraphrasing details in their words, and avoiding common pitfalls. While automatic summarisation involved an online summarizer tool. Many summarization tools are available for English languages with abundant resources. However, students need to consider the benefits and the limitations.
Statistical Modelling of Home Advantage and Away Disadvantage of Turkish Super League Teams
Authors: KUVVETLİ Umit , VUPA ÇİLENGİROĞLU Özgül
Published: July 2023

It is a fact that for all sports branches, being home or away is one of the most critical factors influencing the outcome of the game. Although there are many studies on Home Advantage (HA), most of these studies have been made specifically for leagues as a whole, and the number of studies examining HA at the team level is quite limited. In this study, the HA and away disadvantage (AD) values were calculated, using Poisson regression, for each team played at least 3 seasons in the Turkish Super League between 2000/2001 and 2021/2022 seasons, based on the goals they scored and conceded in their home and away matches. According to the results of the study, 32 of the 34 teams included in the analysis were found to have a home advantage that statistically varied between 56.2% and 81.8%. Evaluations using AD determined that AD values ranged between 46.7% and 65.4% and only 9 teams did not have an away disadvantage in the league. However, the results of the study indicated that the main factor determining the ranking in the league is the away disadvantage of the teams. The reason why the teams have different HA and AD values can be shown as the effect of the spectators, and different game tactics applied in home and away matches.
De lo femenino a lo feminista, representación del cuerpo- territorio a partir de los hilos en el aula de Geografía Política
Authors: Jiménez Rodríguez Eva Citlali , Ibarra García María Verónica
Published: July 2023

El patriarcado al ser un elemento estructural de la sociedad está presente en todas las esferas de la vida, incluida la educación formal impartida en los colegios. Por eso, se requieren metodologías de intervención en el aula que estimulen la reflexión sobre las desigualdades y violencias contra las mujeres, que atraviesen las emociones, para que puedan ser aprendizajes significativos. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar una intervención en el aula, a partir de representaciones espaciales con la técnica de bordado a mano, con el fin de revalorizar las habilidades asociadas a lo femenino y emitir un mensaje contra la violencia de género de la sociedad. Y así, posicionar a la geografía escolar con un sentido de producción de espacios mejores y justos para todas y todos los integrantes de la sociedad. Al presentarse una actividad que tradicionalmente se asocia con lo femenimo, pero al ser subvertida por el feminismo como una acción revolucionaria, esta se convierte en una estrategia que permite visibilizar la historia y las experiencias de las mujeres que resisten la violencia patriarcal, se atraviesa el cuerpo a partir de los relatos en el aula.
Acceso y ejercicio de cargos directivos en el ámbito universitario: Mujeres, poder y el “techo de cristal”
Authors: Jorquera Torres Natai
Published: July 2023

El propósito de este estudio de casos es analizar las percepciones acerca del acceso, ejercicio y obstáculos que experimentan las mujeres que ocupan puestos de poder en las organizaciones universitarias. La investigación se desarrolla desde un enfoque cualitativo, que, a través de la técnica de entrevistas semiestructuradas, ahondó en los discursos y significados de seis mujeres que ejercen cargos directivos en la Universidad de Chile y la Universidad de Valencia. Los principales resultados son transversales a las particularidades contextuales y territoriales de la investigación,  evidenciando la persistencia de modelos androcéntricos y patriarcales tanto en las posibilidades de acceso, donde opera el techo de cristal, como en dinámicas internas de las instituciones, expresadas en barreras o prácticas culturales, sociales e incluso organizacionales, que aún afectan la posibilidad de construir espacios igualitarios y justos en puestos de alta responsabilidad en la universidad.
Santiago A. López Navia: «25-33». Visor Libros, 2022. 60 págs.
Authors: Carmona Rodríguez Manuel
Published: July 2023

Reseña del poemario 25:33, galardonado con el XX Premio de Poesía Emilio Alarcos, escrito por Santiago A. López Navia.
El patrimonio como elemento de identidad: Las Colecciones Reales de Patrimonio Nacional
Authors: Valverde Merino José Luis
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo analiza las claves que componen el significado actual del patrimonio cultural y su percepción a través de la Historia, aplicándolo a la realidad específica del Patrimonio Nacional de España.  
Para abordar el papel que los bienes culturales ejercen en el mundo contemporáneo, el autor traza un recorrido histórico hasta nuestros días, ilustrando con ejemplos la interconexión de los movimientos históricos en la consideración de los bienes culturales. 
Especialmente interesante es la interpretación que da a la nueva sensibilidad internacional que provoca la ampliación del concepto de patrimonio cultural en el siglo XX. En su discurso hace hincapié en la proyección simbólica, social, utilitaria y de identidad colectiva, tanto para la comunidad que la genera como para la humanidad en su conjunto. 
La experiencia laboral y el conocimiento de Patrimonio Nacional de José Luis Valverde, le permite desgranar las señas de identidad de este amplísimo conjunto de bienes monumentales, naturales y paisajísticos, colecciones histórico-artísticas, fondos bibliográficos y documentales que estuvieron al servicio de la Corona española y se reparten por los Reales Sitios y fundaciones monásticas de los Reales Patronatos. 
El autor resalta su naturaleza específica y el servicio institucional para la Jefatura del Estado, compatibilizado con el uso público para los fines culturales, científicos y docentes que la ley le encomienda. Para la ejecución eficaz de sus objetivos, se describen puntualmente las áreas de gestión de Patrimonio Nacional, como responsable de la custodia, almacenamiento, conservación y restauración, documentación, investigación, gestión, difusión y promoción de las colecciones reales.
Los retos para la reparación de las comunidades del paisaje sonoro del Caribe colombiano: una revisión del caso de la masacre del El Salado
Authors: Velandia Silva César Augusto , Uribe Sarmiento John Jairo
Published: July 2023

Entre el 16 y el 22 de febrero de 2000, en la comunidad de El Salado, en la región caribeña de los Montes de María, Colombia, un comando paramilitar (ejército promovido por las fuerzas de ultra derecha del Estado Colombiano), perpetró la muerte de 66 personas entre hombres, mujeres y niños, utilizando su música tradicional, manipulando sus instrumentos después de cada asesinato o violación brutal. El capítulo indaga en las acciones del Estado colombiano en el intento de reparación de los profundos daños infringidos a la manifestación del patrimonio inmaterial perteneciente al paisaje sonoro de los tambores, pitos, cantos y gaitas del Caribe colombiano; y la discusión que lo anterior plantea como alternativas para la construcción de paz.
La gerencia estratégica en las firmas de consultoría venezolanas. Aproximación a un constructo apoyado en los clásicos gerenciales
Authors: Ostos Richard
Published: July 2023

El mundo de la consultoría está cambiando los modelos de pensamientos acerca del manejo de gestión de empresas, los mismos, están siendo utilizados como factores teóricos para un sin número de emprendimientos y planes de negocios en empresas consultoras, desde la década de los 2000 hasta nuestros días, estamos hablando de más de veinte (20) años de fulgurantes y avasallantes empresas consultoras, que están rompiendo el molde establecido de una manera disruptiva. Le toca el turno a la administración establecer criterios de modelos estratégicos para cada uno de los actores y crear caldos de cultivos para las competencias perfectas y armónicas en las organizaciones; el presente artículo tiene por objeto desarrollar una aproximación multidimensional de la administración estratégica sobre la base de una investigación documental a partir de los clásicos gerenciales permitiendo que se puedan responder las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cuáles son las metas estratégicas comerciales utilizadas en las empresas de consultoría gerencial venezolanas?¿Cuáles son las características más significativas que describen a los actores principales en un entorno organizacional en las empresas de consultoría gerencial en Venezuela? O ¿Cuáles son los elementos más resaltantes de las empresas de consultoría gerencial en Venezuela? Entre otras consideraciones, vale la pena estudiar el fenómeno venezolano en relación con las empresas consultoras y sus problemáticas en las áreas de administración.
Optimizing The Role Of Indonesia's Islamic Financial Industry :Empirical Analysis Of Its Impact on Economic Growth
Authors: Febby Rhamadhani Rika , Fanani Ahmad
Published: July 2023

Past research on the financial sector, which includes the whole financial services industry and is connected to economic growth, has remained scarce. The three main Islamic financial industry sectors in Indonesia—Islamic Capital Market, Islamic Banking, and Islamic Non-Bank Financial Industry—and their contributions to economic growth between 2014Q1 and 2021Q3 were empirically studied in the current study. The ARDL Bound-test for Cointegration and Error Correction Model was applied to the quarterly data (ECM). Three of the four research variables—sharia stocks, Sukuk, and sharia insurance—were found to have a considerable impact on GDP, whereas Islamic banking had no such impact. Islamic banks in Indonesia must therefore maximize funding for the productive sector. Future policies ought to take into account maximizing the contribution of the Islamic financial sector to economic growth.
The Impact of Digital Fashion Week on Fashion Trends in China
Authors: Dai Ruicheng
Published: July 2023

In an era of complex diversity, China's fashion trends are in the midst of a torrent of change, swept along by the ever-changing media, changing public aesthetics and, above all, the new consumerism brought about by the Covid-19 epidemic. Amid this torrent, digital fashion week is bursting through the boundaries of the fashion industry with the force of a mushroom while influencing the soil in which it was born in a new and changing form. This paper dissects the existing format and characteristics of digital fashion week, analyses the changes made to the original commercial sales format and the importance of the rise of digital fashion week, reviews the most common digital media technologies used in digital fashion week and their impact on the fashion show industry, gains insight into and grasps the impact that digital fashion week has had on fashion trends in terms of design, manufacturing, and marketing, and concludes with a Finally, the limitations of digital fashion week and the future direction of related developments are reasonably analyzed and predicted.
Study on the installation of bus lane entrances at signal intersections
Authors: Lv Yue , Lei YanHong , Han Shixing , Hong Bin
Published: July 2023

This article analyzes the feasibility of setting up bus lanes at intersections. Firstly, a multi-objective optimization model for signal control is established. Vissim simulation software is used to output delay data for different types of vehicles at intersections, and the feasibility of bus lanes at intersections is analyzed. The results show that setting bus lanes can improve bus speed and shorten travel time to a certain extent. The calculation results of the theoretical model can provide a reference for parameter calibration of the simulation model, and the simulation results can be compared and analyzed with the calculation results of the theoretical model to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical model and ensure the accuracy of the final benefit evaluation results. Provide theoretical reference for the setting of bus lanes.
Forest management scheme based on simulated annealing algorithm
Authors: Li Bowen , Chen Shu , Yang Hanjun
Published: July 2023

Climate change is posing a great threat to human survival, and the technology to achieve carbon sequestration with forests is gaining attention which focuses on effective and balanced forest management.To measure the combined value of the forest, mathematical expressions for forest products, biodiversity,potential carbon sequestration, recreational and cultural uses are constructed separately. Then, using the preference factor weighting method, an expression for the radius of influence of the forest can be constructed from the above expressions. The forest is abstracted as a rectangular area, and the integrated value of the forest is reflected by drawing a circle with the impact point as the center and the impact radius as the radius. This is intuitive and transforms the problem of forest management plan into a layout problem.Using the simulated annealing algorithm to solve, the forest management plan is obtained.
Quantitative Trading of Stocks Based on TD3 Algorithm
Authors: Yu Kaitian
Published: July 2023

Intelligent and efficient stock analysis can help investors and institutions judge stock trends, improve investment returns, and avoid investment risks. The use of deep reinforcement learning methods to process stock data and provide investment recommendations has important research value. This question proposes to use the TD3 algorithm to implement a deep reinforcement learning model, introduce commonly used stock technical indicators, design reward and action functions, and use them to backtest recent stock trading data. Finally, comparing it with the moving average strategy and other deep reinforcement learning models, it was found that in the past decade of historical data, the annualized rate of the moving average strategy was 10% -15%, while the annualized rate of the TD3 algorithm was 23% -25%. This indicates that the TD3 algorithm can help investors or institutions make judgments and effectively improve investment returns.
Classification of Ancient Glass Based on Logistic Regression and K-means Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Shi Ruimeng , Chen Shoupeng , Han Duanduan
Published: July 2023

Ancient glass is easy to weather, after a large number of internal and external elements exchange, its composition ratio will change, thus affecting the correct judgment of the type of glass. In order to classify the types of glass, this paper first preprocessed the data, analyzed the classification rules of high-potassium glass and lead-barium glass by using logistic regression, and got a classification model that could identify the types of glass according to the content of chemical components. Next, K-means clustering algorithm is adopted to divide lead, barium and high potassium into A and B respectively according to the content of silica. After that, the rationality test was carried out on the clustering results. The test index was the belongingness of the sample to its category, and the clustering results passed the rationality test. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the clustering results was carried out.