bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL CASE OF CHRONIC NONSPECIFIC INFLAMMATION AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF OBESITY IN A CHILD WITH PRADER–WILLI SYNDROME
Authors:   Samara Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital named after N.N. Ivanova, Samara, Russia, Skvortsova O.V. , Migacheva N.B. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia, Mikhaylova E.G. ,   Samara Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital named after N.N. Ivanova, Samara, Russia,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia, Rakcheeva D.A. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
Published: October 2022

The phenomenon of chronic nonspecific inflammation in obesity has attracted increasing interest from researchers in recent years. The data on the pathogenetic relationship of these conditions are widely presented in scientific publications. Moreover, according to the results of some studies, chronic non-infectious inflammation is stronger in patients with syndromal and monogenic forms of obesity than with alimentary obesity. The described clinical case presents chronic nonspecific inflammation coupled with complex search for the underlying cause of the inflammatory reaction manifested by a long-term change in laboratory hematological parameters in a child with Prader-Willi syndrome. Differential laboratory and instrumental diagnostics and evaluation of the results of dynamic monitoring make it possible to correctly interpret the identified disorders and timely suspect the formation of chronic non-infectious inflammation against the background of obesity.
SARCOPENIC OBESITY PREVALENCE IN CHILDREN WITH CONSTITUTIONAL-EXOGENOUS OBESITY
Authors:   Endocrinology Research Centre of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Okorokov P.L. , Vasyukova O.V. ,   Endocrinology Research Centre of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Bezlepkina O.B. ,   Endocrinology Research Centre of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2022

Currently there are no unified diagnostic criteria for the sarcopenic obesity, the prevalence of which is growing along with an increase in the number of obese people worldwide. The bioimpedance analysis of body composition is widely used to assess the body composition. In 2021, M.Sc. Isabel Gätjens (Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel) et al. proposed to use the ratio of fat mass to lean body mass as a new criterion for the sarcopenic obesity in children aged 5 to 17 years old. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in children with constitutional-exogenous obesity (CEO) according to the proposed criterion. Materials and methods: 557 children were included in a single-center retrospective cohort study, of which 266 (47%) boys and 291 (53%) girls, aged 7 to 17 years old (age 14.3 [12.7; 15.5] years) with CEO who underwent inpatient examination at the Endocrinology Research Centre of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia (Moscow, Russia) in Feb. 2018 - Feb. 2022. All of the children were assessed for the body composition using the bioimpedance analysis. The value of the ratio of fat mass to lean mass >90th percentile for the corresponding gender and age (according to M.Sc. Isabel Gätjens et al..) is defined as a criterion for sarcopenic obesity in children. Results: the sarcopenic obesity was determined in 88.68% of children with CEO without statistically significant difference between boys and girls (86.06% and 91.06%, respectively, p=0.54). Conclusion: an extremely high prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in children and adolescents with CEO was revealed. Further studies needed to assess the contribution of sarcopenic obesity to the development of metabolic disorders and obesity-associated diseases in childhood.
K obchodu na čínském severozápadě v neolitu a době bronzové
Authors: Maršálek Jakub
Published: October 2022

The northwestern China, encompassing modern provinces of Gansu and Qinghai, was in the historical periods a hub of long-distance trade connecting centers of Chinese polities with Central Asia and the Near East. The northwestern region started to fulfill this role as early as in the beginning of the Bronze Age, i. e. in the first half of the 2nd millennium BC, when bronze metallurgy and new domesticates were introduced there from the west; at the same time, some prestigious artefacts originating in the complex societies of the middle Yellow River valley penetrated the region from the east. Some luxurious materials, such as turquoise and cowrie seashells are then sometimes regarded as components of the developing long-distance exchange in the east-west direction. However, it is pointed out here that appearance of these substances in the Northwest predated emergence of the East-West trade in the Early Bronze Age Period. Moreover, as the earliest finds of both the turquoise and the seashells within the Northwest concentrate in the mountain regions of the modern Qinghai Province, it is suggested that these materials were objects of exchange between the farmers settled in the central areas of the Northwest and the foragers living on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
Plant Novices and Experts Differ in Their Value of Plant Type, Price, and Perceived Availability
Authors: Behe Bridget K. , Knuth Melinda J. , Rihn Alicia , Hall Charles R.
Published: October 2022

Individuals with greater plant knowledge likely differ in purchase behavior compared to those with less plant knowledge. The goal of this study was to investigate consumer preferences for plants based on availability, price, and type, comparing plant experts with novices. Researchers employed an online survey and sub-contracted with a survey panel to recruit participants, yielding 1,010 complete and useful responses. Participants responded to a 10-item plant knowledge test adopted from Knuth et al. (2020). The number of correct answers to the knowledge test was used to categorize respondents into plant novice and expert groups (those intermediate in plant knowledge were excluded from analyses) and differences were explored. Experts had a slightly higher percentage of females compared to novices, were eight years older, and were slightly more educated compared to novices. Experts spent nearly twice as much on plants in 2021 as novices and bought more plants but from fewer plant categories. Plant type was the most important contributor to the expert's purchase decision, followed by price, and then availability. Novices valued more (had a higher mean utility score) plants that were moderately common when compared to experts, while experts valued rare plants more than novices.
Susceptibility of Rhododendron to Azalea Lace Bug, Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott)
Authors: Garrison Ryan R. , Tobin Patrick C.
Published: October 2022

The invasive azalea lace bug, Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott), is one of the most damaging insect pests of the genus Rhododendron, especially azaleas. Feeding by nymphs and adults reduces the aesthetic value of infested plants. Rhododendron spp. (L.) and cultivars are a major component of public and private landscapes in the Pacific Northwest, as well as other parts of the U.S.. Variability in the susceptibility of Rhododendron to S. pyrioides has been previously examined but generally on a limited number of Rhododendron species and cultivars. We measured the susceptibility of 71 Rhododendron species, varieties, and cultivars over two years, selecting plants across the phylogenetic tree of Rhododendron, and quantified the proportion of leaf damage caused by S. pyrioides. We observed that trichome presence did not predict S. pyrioides damage. Plants from the subgenus Azaleastrum were the significantly most susceptible subgenus, and all sampled plants from this subgenus had measurable damage. In contrast, plants from the subgenus Hymenanthes were the significantly least susceptible, and most Hymenanthes plants had no measurable damage. This study provides a guideline for using host plant resistance to S. pyrioides in plant selection, and emphasizes the potential for S. pyrioides management if susceptible azaleas are to be used in the landscape.

Species used in this study: Azalea lace bug, Stephanitis pyrioides, Rhododendron spp.
Traducción directa y comunicación escrita en educación con enfoque intercultural
Authors: Félix Benites Edwin Daniel , Villa Calderón Adonías Julia , Suaña Díaz Olinda , Janqui Guzmán Lucrecia
Published: October 2022

El artículo muestra los resultados del estudio sobre la influencia de la traducción directa en la comunicación escrita de estudiantes de escuelas interculturales bilingües de la provincia de Andahuaylas (Apurímac, Perú). Para ello se diseñó un experimento con cinco módulos didácticos que contienen ejemplos en lengua quechua y la metodología de traducción directa de palabras, frases, oraciones y texto. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 97 estudiantes de dos colegios; se utilizó análisis estadístico descriptivo y correlación de Pearson con significancia α = 0.05, para lo que se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS 25. Se obtuvo que la única correlación significativa fue entre traducción de palabras y frases (p-valor < 0.05), siendo ésta, además, muy fuerte y positiva (R > 0.90). Se concluyó que el método de traducción directa de lengua adquirida (español) a lengua nativa (quechua) influye de manera favorable en el desarrollo de la capacidad comunicativa escrita de los estudiantes.
State of uncertainty. Zeitgemässes über Ungewisses
Authors: Dreiding Michelle
Published: October 2022

Der Beitrag untersucht zunächst an den Beispielen des Gesundheitswesens und der Bildung, in welcher Form wir vor, während und nun scheinbar auch nach der Coronapandemie der Maxime der Effizienz und der konstanten Handlungssaufforderung ausgesetzt sind. Gleichzeitig, so sagt die ehemalige deutsche Bundeskanzlerin Angela Merkel, befinden wir uns gegenwärtig in einem Zustand, der von Ungewissheit und offenem Ausgang geprägt ist ­– einem state of uncertainty. Es handelt sich um einen Zustand, der scheinbar unvereinbar ist mit dem Dogma der Effizienzsteigerung. Anhand der Denkfigur der Wiederholung, so wie sie unter anderem von Sigmund Freud gedacht wurde, und der von der Philosophin Donna Haraway eingeforderten «Sympoetik» wird untersucht, wie sich das Denken nachhaltig und verantwortungsbewusst in ungewissen Zeiten ausgestalten kann, ohne dabei zwingend in übereifrigem Aktionismus zu münden.
Telemonitoring of elderly with hypertension and type 2 diabetes at the primary care level: Protocol for a multicentric randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Mihevc Matic , Zavrnik Črt , Mori Lukančič Majda , Virtič Tina , Prevolnik Rupel Valentina , Petek Šter Marija , Klemenc Ketiš Zalika , Poplas Susič Antonija
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) represent a significant burden for the public health system, with an exceptionally high prevalence in patients aged ≥65 years. This study aims to test the acceptability, clinical effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of telemonitoring in elderly patients with AH and T2D at the primary care level.

Methods

A m ulti-centre, prospective, randomized, controlled t rial w ill be conducted. Patients a ged ≥ 65 y ears with AH and T2D will be randomized in a 1:1 proportion to a mHealth intervention or standard care group. Patients in the intervention group will measure their blood pressure (BP) twice weekly and blood glucose (BG) once monthly. The readings will be synchronously transmitted via a mobile application to the telemonitoring platform, where they will be reviewed by a general practitioner who will indicate changes in measurement regimen or carry out a teleconsultation. The primary endpoint will be a change in systolic BP (SBP) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) relative to standard care up to 12 months after inclusion. Secondary endpoints will be a change in other observed clinical variables, quality-of-life indexes, and costs.

Expected results

Telemonitoring will be an acceptable method of care associated with significant reductions in SBP and HbA1c levels and an increase in quality-of-life indexes in the intervention group. However, the cost-effectiveness threshold (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio below €25,000/quality-adjusted life year) might not be reached.

Conclusion

This study will provide new evidence for scaling up telemonitoring network at the primary care level and modifying telemonitoring protocols to achieve the best clinical and cost-effective outcomes.
Remote consultations in general practice – A systematic review
Authors: Vodička Staša , Zelko Erika
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Remote consultations in general practice can be very useful form of telemedicine, which is basically a way to exchange medical information to improve the clinical health of patients when the patient and their general practitioner (GP) are not on the same place at the same time. This concept was developed in the 1980s to provide health care to patients who lived in remote areas.

Methods

We were interested in researching what kind of remote consultations are available in general practice and what is the usage of these methods. We used four keywords – remote consultation and general practice or family medicine or primary care – and we searched in four different scientific databases: Medline–PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and IEEX Xplore.

Results

We used a PRISMA diagram to identify studies and search the four main databases, we investigated 48 full text articles and when we applied our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 studies were included in this systematic review.

Conclusions

This systematic review covers the topics of remote consultation versus a traditional or classic physical consultation. Studies have shown its importance prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, and its value while in the mist of the pandemic then caring for infected patients. We have found that remote consultation is necessary, but it must be an improvement on the previous system. Teleconsultations can reduce the number of visits, especially during lockdown situations, with both patients and GPs satisfied with the method, but we should not forget that a physical consultation cannot be fully replaced by a remote consultation due to the limitations of the latter.
The relationship between politics, legal system and financial reporting on fraud
Authors: Singh Kishore , Boolaky Pran , Omoteso Kamil
Published: October 2022

Motivation: Fraud is a challenging problem. Its economic effects are clear – worse public services, less financially stable and profitable companies, charities deprived of resources needed for charitable purposes and diminished levels of disposable income of everyone. In every sector globally, fraud has an adverse impact on the quality of life. Fraud threatens the effective and efficient utilization of resources and hence is of great concern to industries, the whole community and academia. Research Question: Does political regime moderate the relationship between financial reporting regime and on fraud? Does the legal system moderate the relationship between financial reporting regime and on fraud? What is the impact of financial reporting regime, legal regime and political regime on fraud at national level? Idea: This study investigates how political, legal and financial reporting impacts on fraud at a country level and whether any triangular effects exist. Data: Country level data published by ACFE, World Fact book, Deloitte IAS Plus Report, IFAC Report and Economic Intelligence Unit Report on Democracy Index for 106 countries for the years 2010 to 2014 was used. Tools: To test study’s hypotheses and to determine the interactive effects of legal regime, political regime and financial reporting regime on fraud, a three-way ANOVA is used. To determine the impact of the independent variables on fraud, pooled regression analysis is used. Findings: The findings provide both theoretical and empirical evidence on the interaction effects of political, legal and financial reporting regimes on fraud. Political and legal regime has a significant interaction with financial reporting on fraud as posited by political accountability theory and legal theory. Even the main effects of each regime separately are statistically significant. Contribution: given the complex nature of frauds, the study is relevant to regulators, practising auditors, legal and political experts and politicians engaged in the debate on frauds and how to address this harmful act at a cross country level. When collusion exists between executive, legislative oversight in a full democratic regime is weakened, impacting the mechanism of fraud minimisation.
The pandemic shake-up of the world economy: statistical characteristics of the economic indices' dynamics in 2020
Authors: Seidametova Zarema Seidalievna , Temnenko Valerii Anatolievich
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is a detailed description of the changes that took place during the "pandemic" 2020 in the distribution of the countries of the world according to the main economic indices and a comparison of these changes with the annual dynamics of the indices of the "pre-pandemic" 2018. These changes are described using statistics from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and Transparency International. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the explicit graphical and verbal description of the dynamics of economic indices in 2020 using the construction of histograms and two-dimensional graphs. Comparison of these distributions in 2020 with similar distributions in 2018 makes it possible to identify, as a result, the difference between the pandemic shake-up and the annual dynamics of the economic coefficients in the "calm", "equilibrium" year for the world economy.
Transformation of the limits of freedom: from philosophical to socio-political knowledge
Authors: Lavrukhina Irina Mikhaylovna , Glushko Irina Vasil'yevna
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the change in the understanding of the essence and boundaries of freedom, due to the specifics of the consideration of freedom in philosophical and socio-political knowledge. In the philosophical ontological-transcendental approach, Freedom is presented as a kind of ontological reality, transcendent to other types of being, it turns into the Absolute. According to S. Kierkegaard, freedom arises from fear of nothingness and manifests itself in God-proportionate acts of creation by man of a fundamentally new area of being. N. Berdyaev defines freedom as the baseless basis of being, as the primary power to create. In the procedural-transcendental approach, Freedom appears as a special state of human essence, which is achieved in acts of transcendence. I. Kant, G. Fichte understand freedom as a special state of the transcendental subject. K. Jaspers, J.-P. Sartre, A. Camus freedom is an act and the result of entering into existence. Freedom in the sphere of public relations is concretized in the concept of "social freedom", in political science the concept of "regulated freedom" is formed. As a result, the narrowing of the boundaries of freedom is clearly observed: Freedom as the Absolute - social freedom as a mental attitude and a socially programmed opportunity to choose options for action - regulated freedom, a pattern of behavior non-violently adopted by a person.
Conceptual forms of knowledge and intentiality of typological reflection
Authors: Lustin Yuri Mikhailovich
Published: October 2022

Purpose of the study is substantiate the relationship between conceptual forms of cognition and the intentionality of typological reflection as the basis of the subject-semantic sphere of personality. The novelty of the work lies in the identification of the epistemological component of the typological potential of the individual's reflection, which is aimed at improving the epistemological experience of practical activity. In the aspect of intellectual synthesis, the objectivity of reflection as a typological-cognitive factor of meaning-forming characteristic has been proved. As a result of the study, the communicative-pragmatic essence of epistemological experience is concretized as the basis of the epistemological construct of the unity of conceptual forms of cognition and typological reflection in the structure of the activity of the subject of sociality.
Personnel management of the sectoral economy of the territory: the relationship of professional training and practical activities
Authors: Vorobyov Nikolay Nikolaevich , Vasyukova Viktoriya Alekseyevna , Ckua Dmitry Gerorgievich
Published: October 2022

The study highlights the issues of modeling processes of a socio-economic nature, examines the problems and reveals the factors influencing the construction of an algorithm for the relationship between education systems and professional fitness in practice. The purpose of the study is to develop the theoretical and practical foundations of human resources management of the territory, substantiate a verified algorithm for evaluating the effectiveness of the vocational education system and the compliance of graduates with the level of demand in the labor market. In our opinion, studies of economic processes undoubtedly affect the social side of the development of the territory. In this connection, the study pays attention to the relationship of such processes. At the same time, the results of efficiency in managing the economy of the territory are concentrated on the development of innovative activities and the professional level of education of the population. According to the results of the study, an assessment of the current state of affairs for a certain subject of the Russian Federation is given, but some aspects touched upon in the study require an additional information block. The considered structural factors are determined in the share influence, which allows us to conclude about the regulation of processes with external and internal influence.
Business model of an oil refinery in the context of digital transformation
Authors: Koronatov Nikolai Nikolaevich , Kalyazina Sofia Evgenievna , Levina Anastasia Ivanovna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to develop a business model for a refinery and, on this basis, to propose a strategic map for the digital transformation of the refinery. The article notes that it is very important and relevant for oil refineries to be actively involved in global digitalization processes. However, for a number of objective reasons, digitalization in this industry is slower than in a number of other industries. Scientific novelty lies in the application of the Business model canvas tool to analyze the full cycle of oil refining from exploration and production to the transfer of the finished product to the end consumer. As a result, a business model of an oil refinery developed with the help of Business model canvas tool was proposed. On this basis the main strategic directions of the digital transformation of the oil refinery are proposed.
Stability in the development of rural areas in the context of ensuring the security of the state
Authors: Matyushonok Alexandr Alexandrovich , Kotenev Alexandr Dmitrievich , Krizhevskaya Nataliya Nikolaevna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the theoretical views of the problems of rural areas and develop an author's approach aimed at fundamentally changing the existing situation in the conditions of modern macroeconomic instability. The authors focused on the importance of applying, first of all, measures of a financial and economic nature. At the same time, the necessity of using an integrated approach in solving updated problems was noted. The analysis of the theoretical elaboration of the stated issues indicates the fragmentation of views and a one-sided approach to their solution. The scientific novelty of the presented material is the author's position on the problem of attracting young professionals to the countryside, by providing target places in agricultural educational organizations, which implies obtaining the profession most in demand in rural areas with their further employment.
Efektivitas Program Pengentasan Kemiskinan: Studi di Nagari Sungai Pinang
Authors: Retno Retno Anggraini , Indraddin Indraddin , Indraddin Indraddin , Azwar Azwar
Published: October 2022

Poverty is a very complicated problem to solve, even though there have been many poverty alleviation programs that have been intensified by the goverment. Both form the Soeharto era to the current era of Joko Widodo administration. The program is either empowerment or charity. However , property alleviation programs cannot reduce poverty rates, one of which is in Nagari Sungai Pinang where the poverty rate has increased. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of poverty alleviation programs in Nagari Sungai Pinang. This research analysis tool uses the theory of community empowerment according to Jim Ife. The research methodology use a qualitative approach and observation methods, in-depth interviews, documentation studies ang Focus Group Discussions(FGD). This study shows that the poverty alleviation program in Nagari Sungai Pinang cannot be said to be effective. Either the program is empowering or Charity. This is because there is no proper management and group responbility for each of these aids.
Tekanan Kapitalis dan Jatuhbangunnya Wanatani Krui di Sumatra
Authors: Gilbert David E
Published: October 2022

We present a brief description of the processes that have led to changes in Krui's damar agroforests. To explain these changes, we use the idea of a 'capitalist squeeze', where factors of reproduction and economy - drought, inheritance patterns, and local trade relations - combine with state and agribusiness pressure. We integrate remote sensing data at the historical level of damar agroforestry with deforestation data and small oil palm plantations throughout Krui. In January 2016, we carried out a two-week quick assessment at Krui agroforestry to assess the yield of damar per hectare and the arrival of sawmills paying high prices for resin wood. Participant observation, interviews (n=12), and focus group discussions (n=3) established that previous collaborative efforts had failed to protect the Krui damar forests from extensive felling, mostly by smallholders taking advantage of high prices of damar timber and oil palm. Attention to the capitalist squeeze bring a focus to the need to create social relations that are just, inclusive, and egalitarian in the production of resin itself.
Kepanikan Moral dan Politics of Moral di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Lestari Yayuk
Published: October 2022

This paper examines the discourse surrounding morality and politics. Taking the setting in West Sumatra, this paper intends to explore how local politicians use the issue of moral politics by spreading fear without solid evidence. The purpose of this article is to look at the intersection between morality and politics from the perspective of the sociological framework of “moral panics”, where the authorities, especially the government and religious institutions, are still the holders of authority to control the moral standards of society. By using the basis of adat and religion, the government negates LGBT groups for political purposes to gain mass support.
Jaringan Bonding Kapital Sosial Petani Melestarikan Mekanisme Adaptasi Kolektif Petani
Authors: Wulansari Ica -
Published: October 2022

Farmers community neeed collective adaptive capacity to cope with climate change. The aimed of this research was to identify and analysis the network of social capital to preserve collective adaptation mechanism. This study adopted a qualitative approach to the type of descriptive. In analysing this research, the writer used coding analytics to find out the thematic category through social capital concept. The findings indicated that the bonding network of farmer was consist of access of knowledge, collective planning mechanism of planting paddy crop and formal institution of farmer groups. The bonding network had succeeded sustaining adaptive collective mechanism due to the existence of knowledgeable farmers. Meanwhile, this collective adaptive mechanism was strengthened by social interaction between farmer`s bonding network and bridging network. This interaction effectively to build collective planning capacity based on farmers group learning.
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN PRESIDEN NOMOR 82 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG STRATEGI NASIONAL KEUANGAN INKLUSIF
Authors: Lukmanul Hakim
Published: October 2022

Strategi Nasional Keuangan Inklusif sebagaimana tertuang dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 82 Tahun 2016 tentang Strategi Nasional Keuangan Inklusif didefinisikan sebagai kondisi ketika setiap anggota masyarakat mempunyai akses terhadap berbagai layanan keuangan formal yang berkualitas secara tepat waktu, lancar, dan aman dengan biaya terjangkau sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan kemampuan dalam rangka meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah metode yuridis normatif dengan studi kepustakaan seperti literature, perundang-undangan, dan jurnal . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia telah mempunyai kepastian hukum dengan adanya Peraturan Presiden Nomor 82 Tahun 2016 tentang Strategi Nasional Keuangan Inklusif dan telah diimplementasikan serta ditunjang dengan peraturan lain yang terkait Seperti POJK Nomor 76 Tahun 2016 tentang Peningkatan Literasi dan Inklusi Keuangan Disektor Jasa Keuangan Bagi Konsumen serta POJK terkait perlindungan konsumen sebagai salah satu program OJK untuk memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen.
PENERAPAN HUKUMAN KEBIRI TERHADAP PELAKU KEJAHATAN SEKSUAL ANAK SEBAGAI PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ANAK SELAKU KORBAN KEJAHATAN SEKSUAL
Authors: Rizka Junisa Dayani
Published: October 2022

Dewasa ini banyak sekali kasus-kasus yang sedang marak terjadi di masyarakat yaitu kasus kejahatan seksual yang terjadi kepada anak. Seperti kasus kekerasan seksual pada anak yang menjadi korban pedofilia, kasus pemerkosaan, kasus pemerkosaan dan pembunuhan. Hal ini membuat Indonesia darurat kejahatan seksual terhadap anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Adapun spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan menggambarkan masalah yang ada (deskriptif-analitis), sedangkan metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dan dokumen yang akan dianalisis secara deskriptif- analitis yaitu studi pustaka dan dokumen. Indonesia sudah menjadi darurat seksual dengan adanya berbagai macam kasus kejahatan seksual terhadap anak. Untuk menanggulangi kasus kejahatan seksual terhadap anak pemerintah membuat suatu aturan terbaru dengan adanya pidana tambahan yang berupa kebiri. Pidana tambahan kebiri terhadap pelaku kejahatan seksual terhadap anak diatur didalam Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2016 Tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 tentang Perlindungan Anak (Perppu tentang Kebiri) Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak.
PERBANDINGAN PRODEO DI PENGADILAN AGAMA DAN PENGADILAN NEGERI (STUDI KASUS KOTA MALANG)
Authors: Silvana Indriani Rosita
Published: October 2022

Indonesia merupakan negara hukum (Rechsstaat) yang mengakui dan melindungi hak asasi manusia (HAM) di setiap individu tanpa membedakan status dan strata sosial, sehingga semua orang berhak mendapatkan perlakuan yang sama di hadapan hukum. Persamaan dihadapan hukum harus diimbangi dengan pola perilaku seseorang dalam mendapatkan keadilan bagi masyarakat yang tidak mampu membayar biaya perkara di pengadilan untuk mendapatkan pelayanan perkara prodeo di pengadilan. Prodeo merupakan bantuan hukum yang diberikan oleh pemerintah kepada masyarakat yang tidak mampu secara ekonomi untuk berperkara di Pengadilan dengan melampirkan surat keterangan tidak mampu dari lurah atau kepala desa setempat yang dilegalisasi oleh camat. Bagi yang tidak mampu maka panjar biaya perkara ditaksir Rp. 0,00 dan ditulis dalam Surat Kuasa Untuk Membayar (SKUM), didasarkan pasal 273 – 281 RBg. Karena semua orang berhak untuk mendapatkan keadilan di Pengadilan. Dalam tingkat pertama, para pihak yang tidak mampu atau berperkara secara prodeo. Perkara secara prodeo ini ditulis dalam surat gugatan atau permohonan bersama-sama (menjadi satu) dengan gugatan perkara. Dalam posita surat gugatan atau permohonan disebutkan alasan penggugat atau pemohon untuk berperkara secara prodeo dan dalam petitumnya Pemerintah memberikan anggaran untuk orang yang tidak mampu melalui Pengadilan Agama yaitu DIPA (Daftar Isian Pelaksanaan Anggaran). Dasar hukum yang digunakan majelis hakim tidak menjelaskan secara rinci. Karena majelis hakim adalah sebagai praktisi hukum dan salah satu tugasnya menafsirkan undang-undang untuk memberi putusan yang adil untuk masyarakat.
KAJIAN MENGENAI PEMBATASAN IJIN PENDIRIAN HOTEL UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Dinarjati Eka Puspitasari
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian ini membahas mengenai pembatasan ijin mengenai pendirian hotel untuk mewujudkan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Kota Yogyakarta dengan menerbitkan Peraturan Walikota Yogyakarta Nomor 77 Tahun 2013 tentang Pengendalian Pembangunan Hotel. Untuk pendirian hotel berbagai syarat perizinan harus dipenuhi seperti IPT (Izin Pemanfaatan Tanah), AMDAL dan/atau UKL-UPL sebagai syarat untuk mendapatkan IMB serta izin HO (Izin gangguan). Di samping itu, peran Pemerintah dalam upaya pembatasan ijin mengenai pendirian hotel untuk mewujudkan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Kota Yogyakarta dengan pemberian moratorium penerbitan IMB dari mulai 1 Januari 2014 sampai dengan 31 Desember 2016.
PAJAK PERTAMBANGAN MINERAL BUKAN LOGAM DAN BATUAN SEBAGAI PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KABUPATEN LUMAJANG
Authors: Randita Dwianggri Poeri
Published: October 2022

Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) adalah penerimaan yang diperoleh dari sumber-sumberdalam wilayah daerahnya sendiri yang dipungut berdasarkan peraturan-peraturan daerahsesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Pajak mineral bukan logam danbatuan (pajak bahan galian golongan C) merupakan salah satu sumber penerimaan pajakdaerah yaitu pajak kabupaten/kota. Objek pajak mineral bukan logam dan batuan adalahpengambilan mineral bukan logam dan batuan. Kabupaten Lumajang memiliki potensipertambangan mineral bukan logam dan batuan yang melimpah. Untuk memelihara danmempertahankan ketersediaan sumber daya alam, khususnya bahan galian mineral bukanlogam dan batuan di Kabupaten Lumajang, perlu diatur pengelolaannya. Dalam hal terjadikebocoran PAD dari sektor Pajak pertambangan mineral bukan logam dan batuan, Negaramempunyai hak untuk melakukan penagihan utang pajak. Upaya yang dapat dilakukanpemerintah terhadap kebocoran pembayaran pajak dan retribusi pertambangan mineralbukan logam dan batuan terhadap kebocoran PAD yaitu dengan melakukan penagihanhutang.
STUDI HUKUM KRITIS: PEMBATASAN ASAS KEBEBASAN BERKONTRAK DALAM PERJANJIAN YANG POSISI PARA PIHAKNYA TIDAK SEIMBANG
Authors: Melisa Febriani
Published: October 2022

Asas kebebasan berkontrak (freedom of contract; contract vrijheid) memberikan keterbukaankepada setiap individu untuk membuat kontrak dengan pihak lain dan merupakan asas yangpenting dalam mendorong transaksi-transaksi ekonomi di masyarakat. Asas ini menjadi dasardari seluruh bentuk kontrak yang dibuat oleh para pihak. Asas kebebasan berkontrakmenekankan bahwa para pihak menurut hukum bebas untuk menentukan hal-hal apa saja ingindicantumkan dalam kontrak. Tentunya kebebasan yang dimaksud tidaklah mutlak, terdapatpembatasan-pembatasan yang dianggap perlu dalam rangka menciptakan keadilan dankeseimbangan terutama pada kontrak-kontrak yang para pihaknya memiliki posisi tawar yangtidak seimbang. Pembatasan-pembatasan tersebut secara konkrit telah diupayakan dalamhukum Indonesia dan dalam tulisan ini dianalisis dengan teori critical legal studies.
TINJAUAN NORMATIF PERAN DEWAN KEAMANAN PERSERIKATAN BANGSA-BANGSA (PBB) DALAM MENJAGA PERDAMAIAN DUNIA (Studi kasus KONFLIK ANTARA RUSIA DAN UKRAINA)
Authors: Dewi Aisyah  , Arlina Permanasari
Published: October 2022

Serangan Federasi Rusia merupakan pelanggaran terang-terangan terhadap Piagam PerserikatanBangsa-Bangsa dan hukum internasional. Dalam menjalankan kewajiban Dewan Keamanan PBByang tercantum dalam Piagam Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) telah mengupayakan dalammenangani konflik Rusia dengan Ukraina oleh Dewan Keamanan dengan mengeluarkan Resolusidalam menjaga Perdamaian dan Keamanan dunia. Dalam hasil Resolusi yang dikeluarkan PBBtidak menghasilkan apapun penyebabnya adalah Rusia mempunyai Hak Veto terhadap resolusitersebut. Tujuan penulisan yakni mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor penyebab dan dampakdari konflik Rusia dan Ukraina terhadap berbagai negara, peran Dewan Keamanan dan MajelisUmum. Metode penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan digunakan penulisdengan maksud untuk memperoleh data yang lengkap dan dapat dipertanggung jawabkankebenarannya melalui buku-buku, literatur-literatur, catatan-catatan, dan laporan-laporan yangada
PENGGUNAAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DALAM PERANG DARI ASPEK PRINSIP PEMBEDAAN
Authors: Muhammad Fikri Ridwansyah  , Amalia Zuhra
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam mengenai prinsip pembedaan,menjelaskan kepada pembaca Artificial Intelligence dalam perang dapat berupa apa danmenghubungkan pembahasan tersebut dengan prinsip pembedaan untuk mengetahui apapenggunaan dari Artificial Intelligence dalam peperangan diperbolehkan. Penelitian ini termasukjenis penelitian Deskriptif. Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi menyebabkanperkembangan peradaban pada era ini dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan manusia. Teknologiyang menjadi patokan peradaban ini bisa dilihat dari terciptanya Artificial Intelligence(AI)/Kecerdasan buatan, hal ini merupakan bukti nyata bahwa perdaban manusia terusberkembang. Umumnya teknologi tersebut dipakai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sepertipenggunaan smartphone, smart tv, dan mobil pintar. Namun teknologi Artificial Inteligence tidakhanya terbatas hanya pada di kehidupan sehari-hari, melainkan pada bidang militer pun ArtificialIntelligence digunakan. Sistem kecerdasan buatan menjalankan sejumlah benda-benda militerseperti pesawat tanpa awak, drone, dan bahkan aplikasi peretasan pada bidang militer. ArtificialIntelligence ini sendiri belum memiliki aturan khusus dari peraturan internasional manapun,tetapi kita bisa melihat pada Pasal 36 Protokol Tambahan I Tahun 1977, yang dimana pada pasaltersebut menjelaskan tentang betapa flexibelnya hukum humaniter karena peraturannyamengikuti perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEK) pada masa ini. Dalam halprinsip pembedaan bagaimanapun juga tidak boleh ada penduduk sip yang menjadi korbanperetasan atau hal-hal lain yang disebabkan oleh Artificial Intelligence ini.
DAMPAK KONFLIK RUSIA-UKRAINA TERHADAP PERJANJIAN PERSAHABATAN ANTAR RUSIA DAN UKRAINA
Authors: Julian Daniel  , Arlina Permanasari
Published: October 2022

Hubungan internasional atau hubungan antarbangsa merupakan sebuah interaksi manusiaantarbangsa baik secara individu, ataupun kelompok yang dilakukan secara langsung maupunsecara tidak langsung. Adanya sejumlah negara besar di dunia ini merupakan suatu kenyataanyang tidak dapat dibantah lagi. Ketidakmerataan sumber daya alam dan industri yang mendorongnegara-negara untuk bekerja sama memunculkan suatu norma agar setiap negara tidak hanyamementingkan kepentinganya saja, melainkan segala tindakan atau hubungan yang dibuatdengan negara-negara lain harus memperhatikan kaidah-kaidah hukum internasional yangtimbul baik berdasarkan perjanjian internasional, kebiasaan internasional, prinsip hukum umumserta putusan penhadilan dan pendapat para sarjana, organisasi internasional ataupun lembagainternasional sehingga tercapainya suatu tertib hukum yang tidak mengganggu perdamaian,keamanan internasional serta keadilan.
COMPETÊNCIA E MECANISMOS DE BLINDAGEM DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL
Authors: Magalhães Rebecca Bianca de Melo
Published: October 2022

O STF passou por um processo relativamente recente de fortalecimento político ao longo das mudanças institucionais ocorridas, sendo possível identificar nas constituições brasileiras uma escala evolutiva em atribuições e mecanismos de blindagem desde 1984 a 1988. Este trabalho se propõe a organizar aspectos institucionais do Supremo Tribunal Federal no tocante à sua estrutura organizacional, contexto histórico em que se formou e como seria possível analisa-lo comparativamente a outros tribunais constitucionais semelhantes – Corte Constitucional Federal da Alemanha e com a Suprema Corte mexicana. Para tanto, o objetivo inicialmente é tratar da trajetória do Supremo Tribunal Federal, com ênfase nas mudanças institucionais ocorridas após a Constituição de 1988 e a consequente ampliação de sua esfera de atuação na política brasileira.
DIREITO, CIDADANIA E REGULAMENTAÇÃO DA MÍDIA NO BRASIL: DEBATES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Silva Marques Rodolfo , Ivan Bourscheid Junior , Stumpf González Rodrigo
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo busca propor uma discussão a respeito do Direito e da Cidadania considerando-se o acesso à informação, o direito à comunicação e a regulamentação da mídia. Escolhe-se o Brasil como locus, pelas suas peculiaridades e pelas demandas sociais em relação ao tema – além de ser o campo de atuação dos autores dessa pesquisa. Como método de investigação, opta-se pela revisão de literatura com a operacionalização conceitual, fazendo uso também da nuvem de palavras e da linha do tempo para reforçar os argumentos. Como conclusões, identifica-se que Direito e Cidadania são categorias conceituais que precisam seguir juntas, além de considerar que a reforma na regulamentação da mídia, no Brasil, como aparato jurídico, é uma condição essencial para o exercício do direito à informação e para uma melhor observação da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil.
PROVA E O FATO
Authors: Silva Beclaute Oliveira
Published: October 2022

A relação entre prova e fato é tema antigo, mas que gera debate acalorada até os dias de hoje. No presente artigo, é realizada uma análise das diversas concepções acerca da prova – concepções declaratórias e concepções constitutivas – e, numa perspectiva crítica, demonstra-se a insuficiência delas, enquanto modelos de explicação suficientes do fenômeno. Neste trabalho, tanto o fato como a prova são tratados como enunciados linguísticos e dialógicos. É nesta perspectiva, em que a prova é analisada como componente do universo discursivo, que se percebe a relação com o fato, já que são categorias da mesma espécie, embora com funções distintas. O vínculo entre a prova e o fato é uma relação de referibilidade e, desta relação, é possível perceber a autonomia da prova enquanto fenômeno que transcende o direito processual.
ENGRENAGENS INTERNAS DO CONSELHO NACIONAL DE JUSTIÇA
Authors: Costa Filho José Vinicius da , Ferreira Thiago Augusto de Oliveira Marinho , Gonçalves Marcos José
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo analisa o funcionamento interno dos órgãos que integram o Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ). A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, é descritiva e se utiliza das ferramentas de revisão bibliográfica e análise documental para evidenciar relevantes engrenagens da instituição. Os resultados indicam: i) que existem alguns espaços de poder valorizados pelo regimento interno do CNJ ocupados por magistrados da cúpula judicial (Presidência, Corregedoria e Secretaria-Geral); ii) esses espaços valorizados possibilitam controle de determinados aspectos da agenda e na possibilidade de propor normas; iii) as competências/atribuições do plenário são permeadas por questões atinentes à Independência, Accountability e Gestão do Judiciário. Trata-se de esforço para contribuir com a agenda de estudos sobre o conselho judicial brasileiro, particularmente por explorar um prisma ainda pouco debatido pelos pesquisadores da área.
Objective Assessment of Cardiopostural Control and its Improvement after Yoga Training using Wii Balance Board and Heart Rate Variability in Young Girls with Flat Foot
Authors: Upadhyayula Aditya , Preetham B. Shashi , Mudunuru Aswin Kumar , Fatima Farheen , Reddy Bhavya , Sri P. Sushma Sai , Srinivas M.
Published: October 2022

Objective:

Bipedalism in humans demanded robust postural control systems to maintain balance and equilibrium during variety of volitional activities. Adaptive learning is a key characteristic of these control systems. Postural control and balance are associated with autonomic changes trying to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis during postural imbalances, which are specifically important in conditions like flat foot. Yoga training could help such cases to achieve better postural balance and autonomic state. Young adolescent girls with flat foot were studied in comparison to normal girls and flat foot boys.

Materials and Methods:

Sixteen girls and 11 boys with flat foot were subjected to posturography on Wii Balance Board connected wirelessly to PowerLab 15T. Wireless heart rate belt was used to acquire RR intervals. Vrikshasana was chosen as the suitable asana for 4-week training. Displacement of center of pressure (COP) and heart rate variability was analyzed using LabChart pro software before and after yoga training.

Results:

COP displacement in flat foot subjects is away from the center during erect stance and sway toward sides. Flat foot girls showed significant greater displacements and lesser correction after yoga compared to flat foot boys (P < 0.05). Flat foot girls also showed lesser recovery in LF% and RMSSD after 4-week yoga training.

Conclusion:

Studying the autonomic changes during voluntary postural imbalance on balance board provide real-time picture of internal state in flat foot individuals. The sympathetic dominance would account for preparedness and adaptation in postural control systems. This state improved with yoga training toward better cardiac vagal tone.
Hypertension in Women: The Current Understanding and Future Goals
Authors: Goyal Prerna , Chhabra Shibba Takkar , Jyotsna M.
Published: October 2022

Hypertension is one of the major contributing risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Despite enormous advances in the preventive cardiology, hypertension remains the leading cause of death and disability in women. The article aims to focus on the gender specific differences in hypertension, and existing gaps in the current understanding of high blood pressure (BP) in women. Apart from epidemiological differences, hypertension in men and women has distinct pathophysiological mechanisms, impact on cardiovascular system, awareness and control. Prevalence of hypertension is higher in men than women till menopause; following this the prevalence rises steeply in women, and exceeds that of men above 75 years of age. Women with their estrogenic environment are relatively protected from high BP as their hormonal/chromosomal profile govern expression of alternate renin angiotensin axis (RAS) pathway and anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, anti-proliferative immune cells whereas in males, classical RAS driven inflammatory, pro-hypertensive and proliferative milieu confers higher risk of hypertension. Thus, immunotherapy can have a potential therapeutic role in the treatment of hypertension in future. Cardiovascular consequences of high BP are worse in women than men in majority of trials. Women are now getting more aware of hypertension but the control of BP still remains poorer than men, especially in older age group. There are some noteworthy pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenomics gender differences in response to various antihypertensive drugs, which can be taken into consideration while choosing a particular class of drugs in female population. Standard treatment guidelines recommend same BP targets and management strategies in both the genders, but the trials so far have not been designed in a way to draw women specific conclusions on optimal cut-offs for diagnosis and treatment of BP due to under representation of women in majority of trials. More women centered analysis in future hypertension research projects can provide better scientific insights in various clinical aspects of hypertension.