bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the “combination punch” effect of heterogeneous environmental regulation linkage on carbon productivity
Authors: Han Dongri , Lv Xiaoli , Yan Su
Published: January 2024

Building an effective environmental regulation “combination punch” to improve carbon productivity is of great significance for achieving the “dual carbon” goal. Taking 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in my country as research cases, the Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method is used to explore the impact of command-and-control, market incentive, voluntary and recessive environmental regulation linkages on carbon productivity. The research found that: ① A single type of environmental regulation antecedent condition does not constitute a necessary condition for the improvement of carbon productivity, and the linkage of heterogeneous environmental regulation has a significant “combination punch” effect on the improvement of carbon productivity. ②There are three configuration paths to achieve high carbon productivity, namely active environmental protection under the leadership of market incentive, government restraint and public supervision and promotion type I, and government restraint and public supervision and promotion type II. ③ There is a potential substitution relationship between the combination of robust market incentive and robust voluntary environmental regulation and a single robust command-and-control environmental regulation. The conclusions can provide policy suggestions and useful references for formulating an effective and diversified environmental regulation tool portfolio.
Bone marrow fibrosis in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and its correlation with clinicopathological factors
Authors: Hu Xiumei , Dai Xiangyang , Guo Xinmeng , Jiang Xingran , Li Yunlong , Zhao Hongying , Lu Jun , Li Xue , Jin Mulan
Published: January 2024

Background: Our study aimed to determine the incidence, patient characteristics, and clinical outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma (NDMM) with bone marrow fibrosis (BMF).
Methods:
The clinical data, histological features, and clinical outcomes of patients with NDMM were collected. Reticular fiber staining was performed on the enrolled cases, the degree of reticular fiber hyperplasia was graded, and the incidence of BMF was calculated. The differences in clinical data, histological features, and clinical outcomes between the BMF+ group and the BMF– group were compared.
Results:
The study involved a consecutive series of 146 patients with NDMM. The incidence of MF-0, MF-1, MF-2, and MF-3 was 7.53% (11/146), 34.93% (51/146), 51.37% (75/146), and 6.16% (9/146), respectively. Patients with MF-2 and MF-3 were classified as the BMF+ group, and those with MF-0 and MF-1 were classified as the BMF- group. The incidence of BMF, namely MF-2 and MF-3, was observed to be 57.53% (84/146). A significant correlation was identified between the pattern of infiltration and BMF (P<0.001); furthermore, BMF was associated with a diffuse infiltration pattern. The overall survival (OS) of the BMF+ group (39.177 months; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 34.031–44.323) was lower than that of the BMF- group (45.430 months; 95% CI: 39.524–51.337), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.221). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the BMF+ status was not associated with OS in patients with NDMM (P = 0.381,0.748).
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that BMF is linked to a diffuse infiltration pattern, and its occurrence is not related to the prognosis of patients with NDMM. Thus, this study provides a basis for further exploring the value of BMF in the diagnosis and treatment of NDMM.
Radio Signal Classification by Adversarially Robust Quantum Machine Learning
Authors: Wu Yanqiu , Adermann Eromanga , Thapa Chandra , Camtepe Seyit , Suzuki Hajime , Usman Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Radio signal classification plays a pivotal role in identifying the modulation scheme used in received radio signals, which is essential for demodulation and proper interpretation of the transmitted information. Researchers have underscored the high susceptibility of ML algorithms for radio signal classification to adversarial attacks. Such vulnerability could result in severe consequences, including misinterpretation of critical messages, interception of classified information, or disruption of communication channels. Recent advancements in quantum computing have revolutionized theories and implementations of computation, bringing the unprecedented development of Quantum Machine Learning (QML). It is shown that quantum variational classifiers (QVCs) provide notably enhanced robustness against classical adversarial attacks in image classification. However, no research has yet explored whether QML can similarly mitigate adversarial threats in the context of radio signal classification. This work applies QVCs to radio signal classification and studies their robustness to various adversarial attacks. We also propose the novel application of the approximate amplitude encoding (AAE) technique to encode radio signal data efficiently. Our extensive simulation results present that attacks generated on QVCs transfer well to CNN models, indicating that these adversarial examples can fool neural networks that they are not explicitly designed to attack. However, the converse is not true. QVCs primarily resist the attacks generated on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Overall, with comprehensive simulations, our results shed new light on the growing field of QML by bridging knowledge gaps in QML in radio signal classification and uncovering the advantages of applying QML methods in practical applications.
Performance evaluation of Trichoderma reseei in tolerance and biodegradation of diuron herbicide in agar plate, liquid culture and solid-state fermentation
Authors: Reyes-Cervantes Alejandro , Robles-Morales Diana Laura , Tec-Caamal Edgar Noe , Jiménez-González Angélica , Medina-Moreno Sergio Alejandro
Published: January 2024

The present work evaluated the performance of the fungus Trichoderma reesei to tolerate and biodegrade the herbicide diuron in its agrochemical presentation in agar plate, liquid culture, and solid-state fermentation. The tolerance to diuron was characterized through a non-competitive inhibition model, showing higher tolerance on the PDA agar plate (Ki=98.63 mg L− 1) than liquid culture with glucose and ammonium nitrate as carbon and nitrogen sources (Ki=39.4 mg L− 1). Diuron biodegradation was characterized through the model of inhibition by the substrate. Trichoderma reesei had a maximum radial growth rate (vrmax) of 1.17 cm d− 1 on agar plate. In liquid culture, Trichoderma reesei biotransformed diuron in 3,4-dichloroaniline using the amide group from the diuron structure as a carbon and nitrogen source, with a maximum specific growth rate (µmax) of 0.0245 h− 1 and a yield of the biomass on the substrate (YXD) of 0.154 mg mg− 1. In solid-state fermentation with a mix of barley straw and agrolite (70:30) as support-substrate, the maximum diuron removal percentage (97.26%) was reached with a specific aeration rate of 1.0 vkgm, inoculum of 2.6x108 spores g− 1, and an initial diuron concentration of 160.81 mg kg− 1. The diuron removal in solid-state fermentation by sorption on the barley straw and agrolite was discarded compared with the removal magnitude of the biosorption and biodegradation mechanisms of Trichoderma reesei. The Trichoderma reesei performance in its tolerance and capability to remove diuron in liquid and solid culture media displays its potential to be used in bioremediation technologies of herbicides polluted sites.
Association of dietary inflammatory index, serum inflammatory factors and osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study from Xinjiang, China
Authors: Tong Min , Zhang Huanwen , Li Yuanyuan , Fu Wenhui , Luo Tao , Dai Jianghong , Huang Yifei
Published: January 2024

Background
Previous studies have found the inflammatory potential of the diet is associated with a variety of chronic non-communicable diseases characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammatory response. However, the relationship between dietary inflammatory potential and organismal inflammatory status and osteoporosis has been less studied. This study aims to investigate the relationship between inflammatory diet, inflammatory state and osteoporosis in Xinjiang multi-ethnic population.
Methods
Participants consisted of 4452 adults aged 35 to 74 years from Xinjiang, China. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was calculated using dietary data collected by the semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, and information about osteoporosis was derived from quantitative ultrasound measurements. The relationship between DII, inflammatory factors and osteoporosis was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, and the non-linear association between DII and osteoporosis was further analyzed using restricted cubic splines.
Results
The results showed pro-inflammatory diets were associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis (T3 vs T1: OR = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.44, 2.45) and that there was no non-linear relationship between DII and the risk of osteoporosis. Increased concentrations of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17, and IL-23 were associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis.
Conclusions
The risk of osteoporosis can be reduced by increasing the consumption of an appropriate anti-inflammatory diet.
WITHDRAWN: The economic effect of sex and germinated sprout feed onthe growth performance of new hybrid broiler chickens for environmental adaptation in Egypt
Authors: Arafa Abdelsatar
Published: January 2024

In this study, a total of 360 one-day-old birds (180 males and 180 females) of a new hybrid broiler (WINZY line 105) were raised to 8 weeks of age. Birds were randomly taken to be similar in body weight (33.9 ± 0.58) and divided into four groups (90 birds in each group) in three replicates (30 birds/replicate). The experimental groups involved a 2X 2 factorial arrangement, two sex groups (male (M) and female (F)), and two types of rations (basal diet from one day up to 56 days and basal diet plus germinated sprouts from 28 to 56 days of age). The birds were reared in controlled, semi-closed houses in winter, aiming to simulate the effects of sex and ration type on productive, physiological and economic efficiency for environmental adaptation. Sex is the main determinant of broiler performance. Compared with females, males had significantly (P≤01) greater body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, carcass weight and economic efficiency. Body weight, feed intake and feed conversion gain were improved for the chicks fed a basal diet plus germinated sprout feed in comparison to those of the other groups fed only basic rations. The carcass yield, abdominal fat percentage, total antioxidant capacity, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein content were greater for males fed a basal diet plus germinated sprouts than for those in the other groups, and the net return economic efficiency percentage was also greater. In conclusion, the use of germinated sprout feed improved birds' productivity and physiologic and economic efficiency, especially in males. This work highlighted the importance of breeding characteristics and feeding type on the growth performance of broilers and will help to select and improve their traits against environmental stresses.
Exploring the Vibrational Characteristics of Wind Turbine Drivelines
Authors: Mohamedi Walid
Published: January 2024

The significance of understanding these vibrational characteristics cannot be overstated. It serves as a foundational element for enhancing the overall reliability of wind turbines. Identifying and comprehending the root causes of vibrations empower maintenance teams to optimize strategies, addressing issues before they escalate into major concerns. This proactive approach is instrumental in preventing catastrophic failures, minimizing downtime, and ultimately ensuring the extended longevity of wind energy systems. As we navigate through the vibrational landscape of wind turbine drivelines, this detailed exploration aims to shed light on the nuanced dynamics at play. By doing so, we contribute to the collective knowledge base that fuels advancements in wind energy technology. From the intricacies of mechanical resonance to the impact of external forces, this examination provides valuable insights that pave the way for more resilient and efficient wind turbine designs in the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions.
Assessing Inter-rater Reliability of the Dental Practicality Index and the American Association of Endodontists Endodontic Case Difficulty Assessment Form among Undergraduates
Authors:   Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Liew Amy Kia Cheen , Abdullah Dalia ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Soo Eason ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Yahaya Norziha ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: January 2024

Dental Practicality Index (DPI) and American Association of Endodontists Endodontic Case Difficulty Assessment (AAECDA) form potentially can guide clinicians in making clinical decisions and triaging in large practices and academic settings. Nonetheless, the reliability and validity should be evaluated before institution-wide implementation. This study aimed to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of the DPI and AAECDA forms. Ten randomly selected, trained students rated 25 cases with both forms. The itemby-item inter-rater and overall reliability were estimated with Gwet’s agreement coefficient (AC2) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. The association between clinical decisions and the scores was analysed with the Generalised Estimating Equation. The inter-rater reliability of DPI was generally very good (AC2 = 0.81–1.00), except context (good; AC2 = 0.718; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.575–0.861). The inter-rater reliability of AAECDA was generally very good (AC2 = 0.81–1.00) and good (AC2 = 0.61–0.80), except the radiographic appearance of the canal(s) (fair; AC2 = 0.424, 95% CI = 0.263–0.585). Moderate overall inter-rater reliability of AAECDA (ICC = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.38–0.70) and DPI (ICC = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.48–0.77) was observed. Referral to an endodontist was positively associated with AAECDA score (odds ratio [OR] = 1.323, 95% CI = 1.145–1.52, p < 0.001). The decision of tooth extraction was positively associated with the DPI score (OR = 1.983, 95% CI = 1.539–2.555; p < 0.001). In conclusion, DPI and AAECDA are methods with moderate inter-rater reliability when used among dental students.
Azerbaijan Digital Hub: Strategy in Action
Authors: Gasymly Vusal
Published: January 2024

The article explores the digital transformation landscape under pandemic and post-pandemic conditions. As global internet traffic continues to surge, nations worldwide are prioritizing digital strategies to keep pace with this rapid transformation. Azerbaijan, an oil-rich country seeking economic diversification, has taken a strategic approach to become a key player in the digital landscape.
Neqsol Holding, utilizing its capital from the oil and gas industry, initiated the Azerbaijan Digital Hub, a comprehensive program comprising the Digital Silk Road, a Regional Data Center, an Internet Exchange Point, and the development of a digital ecosystem. The hub aims to reshape the internet map along the Silk Way and thrive amidst disruptive changes through three consecutive stages: ideation, incubation, and scaling.
The article highlights the strategic choices made by Azerbaijan in establishing the Digital Hub and its potential impact on the nation's economy. It presents the shift from the «Castles» quadrant to the «Connectors» quadrant, adopting new power models and values for sustainable growth. The dynamic capabilities of the Digital Hub are explored, emphasizing its transformative nature and adaptability to rapid technological advancements.
In conclusion, the article suggests that the success of the Azerbaijan Digital Hub depends on effective management of continuous change, fostering a culture of innovation, and leveraging strategic advantages through mergers, alliances, and investments. By navigating a complex and uncertain environment, the Digital Hub can solidify its position as a crucial player in the digital era.
ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TRANSFORMATION OF ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Nalbandyan A. A. , Savinskiy A. V. , Finley J. T.
Published: January 2024

This article examines new technologies that enable government and business to accelerate their digital transformation and even change its scope. Digitalization is inextricably linked to the innovative development model of both private company and state in order not to lag behind in the global technology race. With the rapidly developing digital economy and the increasing use of artificial intelligence, the problem of applying these technologies in public administration is becoming more and more urgent. The development of effective strategies and methods for integrating new technologies into public administration processes is crucial for increasing the efficiency and transparency of government and various economic processes, improving the provision of services to citizens, and ultimately for ensuring sustainable and balanced development of society and the economy. Nevertheless, the application of such technologies in public and private administration brings with it a number of challenges and problems. For example, it is related to ethical and legal issues of using artificial intelligence, the problem of data security and cybersecurity, as well as the need to train qualified specialists capable of working with these technologies. In this context, the relevance of the topic of this article is determined by the need for an in-depth study of the potential for the application of digital transformation technologies in public administration, economics and finance.
INFLATION IN THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY AND THE INFLUENCE OF AN EXTERNAL FACTOR: FEATURES, PATTERNS
Authors: Ruzina E. I.
Published: January 2024

According to economic theory and practice, for decades, inflation as a process and phenomenon has been immanent in any market and/or mixed economic system. Being one of the forms of expression of macroeconomic instability, inflation reflects the state of "health" of the national economy. The study of its features and modern patterns, as well as country-specific aspects in order to reduce the negative consequences of cyclical fluctuations, is extremely actualized in conditions of the level of international instability that is currently observed and, of course, exerts its pressure on the situation in the Russian Federation. The article examines the dynamics, factors, features and patterns of inflationary processes in the Russian Federation over the past 5 years, since, according to the author, they are largely related to the sanctions pressure that the national economy cannot but feel since 2014. The article shows the fundamental and growing role of the leading countries of the world economy, primarily the Group of Seven, in global inflationary processes. These States, as follows from the study, have failed to adjust their national regulatory systems to new phenomena in the world. Thus, the BRICS countries have much more stable economic systems, as well as transform national monetary policy instruments and use more modern methods. At the same time, despite the record number of external economic sanctions, the Russian economy can be characterized as quite successful and stable, although it retains a number of problems, including internal ones, the most important tool for solving which is import substitution. Based on the data from the international database of UNCTAD, a comparative analysis of the dynamics of inflation in the Russian Federation and in other countries of the world with the global situation as a whole was carried out.
SOLUCIONES BASADAS EN LA NATURALEZA: UN ANÁLISIS BIBLIOMÉTRICO DE TENDENCIAS PASADAS, PRESENTES Y FUTURAS
Authors: Quevedo Beltrán Miguel Angel , Sotomayor Diego A.
Published: January 2024

Las soluciones basadas en la naturaleza (SbN) son un tema de investigación que últimamente está adquiriendo mayor interés debido a sus iniciativas internacionales. Aquí, desarrollamos un análisis bibliométrico utilizando software de código abierto para comprender mejor las tendencias temáticas dentro de la producción de investigación internacional. Se buscó en la literatura utilizando la base de datos Scopus desde 2016 (año de definición oficial de SbN por parte de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza), hasta 2023 y se encontraron 293 documentos que comprenden artículos, capítulos de libros, reseñas, ponencias de congresos y notas científicas, entre otros. El proceso de revisión de documentos se realizó mediante el uso de un software de código abierto para obtener tendencias y gráficos de mapeo científico. Se analizó la producción científica relacionada con autores, palabras clave, instituciones y países para descubrir las tendencias en el área de investigación de SbN. Los hallazgos indicaron que entre 2016 y 2023, la investigación de SbN tuvo una tasa de aumento anual del 777.2 %, un promedio de 11.43 citas por documento y una tasa de colaboración internacional del 43.69 %. El cambio climático, los servicios ecosistémicos y la biodiversidad fueron temas amplios y transversales, mientras que otros temas, como la gestión del agua, el uso de la tierra y la participación de las partes interesadas, evolucionaron para volverse más especializados e integradores de nuevos enfoques y métodos, junto con estos temas transversales. Finalmente, las posibles brechas o direcciones podrían cubrirse con el uso de nuevas tecnologías como la inteligencia artificial y la evolución en temas específicos como la seguridad hídrica y los peligros hidrometeorológicos de maneras más integradoras.
Inhibitory Effects of Tricyclic Antidepressants on Human Liver Microsomal Morphine Glucuronidation: Application of IVIVE to Predict Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Humans
Authors: Uchaipichat Verawan
Published: January 2024

Background::

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are commonly co-administered with morphine as an adjuvant analgesic. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of information concerning metabolic drug-drug in-teractions (DDIs) resulting from TCA inhibition on morphine glucuronidation.

Objective::

This study aimed to (i) examine the inhibitory effects of TCAs (viz., amitriptyline, clomipramine, imipramine, and nortriptyline) on human liver microsomal morphine 3- and 6-glucuronidation and (ii) evalu-ate the potential of DDI in humans by employing in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) approaches.

Method::

The inhibition parameters for TCA inhibition on morphine glucuronidation were derived from the in vitro system containing 2% BSA. The Ki values were employed to predict the DDI magnitude in vivo by us-ing static and dynamic mechanistic PBPK approaches.

Results::

TCAs moderately inhibited human liver microsomal morphine glucuronidation, with clomipramine exhibiting the most potent inhibition potency. Amitriptyline, clomipramine, imipramine, and nortriptyline competitively inhibited morphine 3- and 6-glucuronide formation with the respective Ki values of 91 ± 7.5 and 82 ± 11 μM, 23 ± 1.3 and 14 ± 0.7 μM, 103 ± 5 and 90 ± 7 μM, and 115 ± 5 and 110 ± 3 μM. Employing the static mechanistic IVIVE, a prediction showed an estimated 20% elevation in the morphine AUC when co-administered with either clomipramine or imipramine, whereas the predicted increase was <5% for ami-triptyline or nortriptyline. PBPK modelling predicted an increase of less than 10% in the morphine AUC due to the inhibition of clomipramine and imipramine in both virtual healthy and cirrhotic populations.

Conclusion::

The results suggest that the likelihood of potential clinical DDIs arising from tricyclic antide-pressant inhibition on morphine glucuronidation is low.
Understanding the Challenges Associated with Approval of Anticancer
Products to Facilitate the Regulatory Approvals: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sharma Pinky , Jhawat Vikas , Singh Jatinder , Dutt Rohit
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

Oncological medications face a myriad of challenges, including technological,
pre-clinical, clinical, and manufacturing, that lead to regulatory approval delays or failures. The present
study aims to identify some challenges encountered by researchers or regulators during the development
of novel cancer therapies.

Methods:

The present cross-sectional observational study used a mixed-method design methodology.
The participants were selected via a non-random sampling method via self-selection and snowballing
approach. A survey questionnaire was developed and circulated among the selected participants as a
hard copy or email or a Google form. Open-ended and closed-ended questions were incorporated to
identify the regulatory challenges faced during oncology drug development. The responses were collected
from September 2021 to June 2022. These responses were then coded and themes were identified
for the challenges.

Results:

A total of 87 responses were obtained for the questionnaire among the individuals contacted.
Seven themes were identified from the collated responses that depicted the challenges for the regulatory
approval of anticancer drug products. The majority of responders (38.2%) suggested reduced
approval time whereas endpoint selection and study design were considered as a challenge by 12.0%
of responders each. Furthermore, 6.0% of responders admit that timely interaction with the regulators
is also a challenge that delays approval. Many challenges also exist during the product development
phase; hence, 12.0% of responders reported safety issues, and 22.0% of responders reported technical
issues during manufacturing as the cause of regulatory failure. Moreover, 12.0% of responders suggested
the need for improvements in regulatory guidelines for oncology drug development.

Conclusion:

The survey indicates a lack of Indian guidelines for anticancer products, whereas limited
guidance is available from other countries such as Europe or the United States. Thus, the survey
points to the necessity for improvement in the regulatory guidelines and drug approval process to address
the challenges unique to cancer drug development.
Impact of Ramadan Fasting on Cardiometabolic and Inflammatory
Biomarkers among Saudi Adults with Diabetes
Authors: Aljahdali Abeer , Al-Maiman Reham , Al-Orf Saada , Bawazeer Nahla
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims:

Diabetes is prevalent in Saudi Arabia. As dietary concerns are
central in patients with diabetes, the impact of fasting on health during Ramadan is potentially
significant. Decreased meal frequency and changes in food type and amount affect body weight
and metabolic profiles. This study aimed to investigate the association between Ramadan fasting
and anthropometric measurements and cardiometabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in Saudi
adults with diabetes.

Methods:

Sixty-eight Saudi adults with diabetes, admitted at the University Diabetes Centre in
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were enrolled in this study. Participants were evaluated at the following
time points: six weeks before Ramadan (pre-fasting) and at least 15 days after the initiation of
Ramadan (peri-fasting). Anthropometric measurements and cardiometabolic and inflammatory
biomarker levels were assessed during both visits.

Results:

After accounting for confounding factors, Ramadan fasting was found to be associated
with reduced body weight (kg), waist circumference (cm), and hip circumference (cm). Increased
log high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and decreased log interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein
levels were observed.

Conclusions:

Ramadan fasting was associated with increased HDL-C levels and decreased anthropometric
measurements and inflammatory cytokine levels. These results support the beneficial
role of Ramadan fasting in reducing cardiometabolic abnormalities and inflammation in
adults with diabetes.
Montelukast Ameliorates 2K1C-Hypertension Induced Endothelial
Dysfunction and Associated Vascular Dementia
Authors: Gupta Surbhi , Singh Prabhat , Sharma Bhupesh
Published: January 2024

Background:

Declined kidney function associated with hypertension is a danger for
cognitive deficits, dementia, and brain injury. Cognitive decline and vascular dementia (VaD)
are serious public health concerns, which highlights the urgent need for study on the risk factors
for cognitive decline. Cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT1) receptors are concerned with regulating
cognition, motivation, inflammatory processes, and neurogenesis.

Objective:

This research aims to examine the consequence of montelukast (specific CysLT1 antagonist) in renovascular hypertension 2-kidney-1-clip-2K1C model-triggered VaD in experimental animals.

Methods:

2K1C tactics were made to prompt renovascular hypertension in mature male rats.
Morris water maze was employed to measure cognition. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum
nitrite levels, aortic superoxide content, vascular endothelial activity, brain’s oxidative stress
(diminished glutathione, raised lipid peroxides), inflammatory markers (IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α),
cholinergic activity (raised acetylcholinesterase), and cerebral injury (staining of 2, 3, 5-
triphenylterazolium chloride) were also examined.

Results:

Montelukast in doses of 5.0 and 10.0 mg kg-1 was used intraperitoneally as the treatment drug. Along with cognitive deficits, 2K1C-operated rats showed elevated MAP, endothelial
dysfunction, brain oxidative stress, inflammation, and cerebral damage with diminished serum
nitrite/nitrate. Montelukast therapy significantly and dose-dependently mitigated the 2K1Chypertension-provoked impaired behaviors, biochemistry, endothelial functions, and cerebral infarction.

Conclusion:

The 2K1C tactic caused renovascular hypertension and associated VaD, which was
mitigated via targeted regulation of CysLT1 receptors by montelukast administration. Therefore,
montelukast may be taken into consideration for the evaluation of its complete potential in renovascular-hypertension-induced VaD.
S-Dihydrodaidzein and 3-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)-benzamide, Two New
Potential β-estrogen Receptor Ligands with Anti-adipogenic Activity
Authors: Torres-Rojas María F. , Mandujano-Lazaro Gilberto , Lopez-Camarillo Cesar , Ramirez-Moreno Esther , Mendez-Alvarez Domingo , Rivera Gildardo , Marchat Laurence A.
Published: January 2024

Background:

The elucidation of molecular pathways associated with adipogenesis has
evidenced the relevance of estrogen and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). The positive effects of ERβ
ligands on adipogenesis, energy expenditure, lipolysis, food intake, and weight loss, make ERβ an
attractive target for obesity control. From ligand-based virtual screening, molecular docking, and
molecular dynamic simulations, six new likely ERβ ligands (C1 to C6) have been reported with
potential for pharmacological obesity treatment.

Objective:

In this study, the effect of molecules C1-C6 on adipogenesis using the murine 3T3-L1
cell line was evaluated.

Methods:

Cell viability was assessed by MTT assays. Lipid accumulation and gene expression
were investigated by ORO staining and real-time quantitative RT-PCR experiments, respectively.

Results:

Cell viability was not significantly affected by C1-C6 at concentrations up to 10 μM. Interestingly,
treatment with 10 μM of C1 (S-Dihydrodaidzein) and C2 (3-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)-
benzamide) for 72 h inhibited adipocyte differentiation; moreover, ORO staining evidenced a reduced
intracellular lipid accumulation (40% at day 7). Consistently, mRNA expression of the adipogenic
markers, PPARγ and C/EBPα, was reduced by 50% and 82%, respectively, in the case of
C1, and by 83% and 59%, in the case of C2.

Conclusion:

Altogether, these results show the two new potential β-estrogen receptor ligands, C1
and C2, to exhibit anti-adipogenic activity. They could further be used as lead structures for the
development of more efficient drugs for obesity control.
Computational Approaches Molecular Docking and MD Simulation
Establishes the Potential COVID-19 Main Protease Inhibitors from
Natural Products
Authors: Zehra Areesh , Nisha Raquibun , Kumar Abhishek , Nandan Durgesh , Ahmad Iqrar , Mahapatra Debarshi Kar , Patel Harun , Maity Biswanath , Kumar Pranesh
Published: January 2024

Aim:

COVID-19 was classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization
(WHO) on March 11, 2020. No reliable cure, however, was found. To prevent viral replication,
complementary therapy with antiviral and antimalarial medications were used. However, due to
their synthetic origin, they have a lot of side effects. To overcome this bane natural origin drugs
were repositioned.

Background:

As repositioned drugs do not undergo a pro-long process of pre-clinical trial, hence,
they play an excellent role in the spillover of pathogens. The main protease (6LU7) enzyme found
in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SAR-CoV-2) is essential for viral replication.
Thus, it acts as a hotspot in drug discovery.

Objective:

A molecular docking computational approach was used to determine the ability of the binding contract between the selected 3D-models of COVID-19 protease target and proposed natural compounds pristimerin, amazoquinone, kendomycin, celastrol, 20-epi-isoguesterinol, phenanthrenequinone,
taxodione, maytenoquinone, hippeastrine, ammothamnine, 28-hydroxy isoiguesterin, hemanthamine,
alisol-B, stigmasterol, β-pinene,and β-sitosterol through Autodock v.1.5.6 software.

Method:

The present study is designed to perform in-silico studies using molecular docking (Autodock tool v.1.5.6), Discovery Studio 2017 R2 client, Patch dock, SWISS-ADME prediction, and
molecular simulation (Desmond simulation package of Schrodinger) between 6LU7 and natural
origin compounds.

Result:

The results of docking study performed between 6LU7 and compounds pristimerin, amazoquinone, kendomycin, celastrol, 20-epi-isoguesterinol, phenanthrenequinone, taxodione, maytenoquinone, hippeastrine, ammothamnine, 28-hydroxy isoiguesterin, hemanthamine, alisol-B,
stigmasterol, β-pinene, and β-sitosterol, showed binding energy as -9.68, -7.34, -5.34, -4.63, -4.24,
-4.13, -4.08, -3.85, -3.83, -3.7, -3.6, -3.57, -3.54, -3.39, -3.18, and -3.03 Kcal/mol, respectively. It
can be shown that the Pristimerin-6LU7 protein complex was maintained throughout the simulation since the ligand RMSDs varied with a maximum value of 4.2Å during the first 10 ns, followed by more stable interactions for the remaining time of the simulation.

Conclusion:

The goal of the current work was to find inhibitors for both prophylactic and
therapeutic usage in COVID-19 patients.
Aksesibilitas Bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di SLB Negeri Sukoharjo
Authors: Prajalani Yuniviana Nur Hari
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine and evaluate the availability of facilities and accessibility of buildings in the SLB Negeri Sukoharjo for children with special needs, especially blind and physical impairment. The research method used is a qualitative research. Data were collected by observation, documentation, and interview techniques. Data analysis using qualitative description by comparing data obtained from the field with the standard provisions according to the Minister of Public Works Decree Number 30 of 2006 which regulates the technical guidance of facilities and accessibility of buildings and the environment. The results showed that accessibility for the blind and physical impairment in SLB Negeri Sukoharjo less accessible. Therefore, there needs to be improvement efforts in some parts of the building of SLB Sukoharjo to make it more accessible for PwDs.
Inclusive Education in Indonesia from The Perspective of Widyaiswara in Center for Development and Empowerment of Teachers and Education Personnel of Kindergartens and Special Education
Authors: Ediyanto Ediyanto , Atika Iva Nandya , Kawai Norimune , Prabowo Edy
Published: January 2024

Since 2009, Indonesia has an excellent commitment and effort in the field of inclusive education. The government provides equal opportunities in education. Through Centre for Development and Empowerment of Teachers and Education Personnel of Kindergartens and Special Education (PPPPTK TK & PLB), the government provides training and services to teachers in the field of inclusive education and special education. The teacher trainers in PPPPTK TK & PLB are called WidyaIswara. The purpose of this study is to know the implementation of inclusive education in Indonesia from the perspective of WidyaIswara of PPPPTK TK & PLB. The research used qualitative method. This research was conducted on March 2nd, 2017 in PPPPTK TK & PLB located in Bandung, Indonesia. Data were collected using a questionnaire in the interview related to perceptions about special and inclusive education. The interview process used the instrument in interview form to experts that called WidyaIswara with closed-ended questions. A total of 3 Expert in Inclusive Education in PPPPTK participated in this activity. From the findings and discussion of the research, explained about WidyaIswara's perception about: 1) Awareness of students to go to school, 2) Grouping of students with special needs in special and general schools, 3) Distribution of Special Schools in Indonesia, 4) Supporting educational facilities and infrastructure in special and inclusive schools, 5) Teacher in special and inclusive Schools, 6) Learning Activities, 7) Children with special needs after graduation at a level of education, and 8) Government efforts.
Family Protective Factors as the Basis for Helping Children With Special Needs Increasing Resilience
Authors: Hendriani Wiwin
Published: January 2024

The number of children with special needs which tend to increase have not been followed by the enhancement on people's knowledge and understanding on their developmental characteristics. Discrimination upon these children come not only from other people in their environment but also often from their own families. In this stressful situation, they are possibly having a lot of difficulties in following educational program and enhancing their academic, social and other life skills. The important aspect that makes some of them adaptive in facing adversity or stressful condition is resilience. The aim of this study was describing family protective factors that can be used as the basis for helping children with special needs increasing their resilience. This study used qualitative approach. Participants consist of four families that have child with special needs. All of those families reside in Surabaya. Data were collected through interview with each family member, observation with general guidance and field notes. Thematic analysis was used as data analysis technique. Eight protective factors found as the result of this study: (1) Family independence; (2) Patience and sincerity in experiencing the problems; (3) The persistence; (4) Positive communication; (5) Togetherness and support among family member; (6) Other social support; (7) Activeness in accessing information and openness to situational changes; (8) Similarity positive respond between parents. The paper concludes with a discussion of these findings, as well as explanation about steps that can be taken by parents in strengthening the protective factors, which will support childrens with special needs to increase their resilience.
Combining Digital and Molecular Approaches Using Health and Alternate Data Sources in a Next-Generation Surveillance System for Anticipating Outbreaks of Pandemic Potential
Authors: Ramos Pablo Ivan P , Marcilio Izabel , Bento Ana I , Penna Gerson O , de Oliveira Juliane F , Khouri Ricardo , Andrade Roberto F S , Carreiro Roberto P , Oliveira Vinicius de A , Galvão Luiz Augusto C , Landau Luiz , Barreto Mauricio L , van der Horst Kay , Barral-Netto Manoel ,   ÆSOP Collaborating Teams
Published: January 2024

Globally, millions of lives are impacted every year by infectious diseases outbreaks. Comprehensive and innovative surveillance strategies aiming at early alert and timely containment of emerging and reemerging pathogens are a pressing priority. Shortcomings and delays in current pathogen surveillance practices further disturbed informing responses, interventions, and mitigation of recent pandemics, including H1N1 influenza and SARS-CoV-2. We present the design principles of the architecture for an early-alert surveillance system that leverages the vast available data landscape, including syndromic data from primary health care, drug sales, and rumors from the lay media and social media to identify areas with an increased number of cases of respiratory disease. In these potentially affected areas, an intensive and fast sample collection and advanced high-throughput genome sequencing analyses would inform on circulating known or novel pathogens by metagenomics-enabled pathogen characterization. Concurrently, the integration of bioclimatic and socioeconomic data, as well as transportation and mobility network data, into a data analytics platform, coupled with advanced mathematical modeling using artificial intelligence or machine learning, will enable more accurate estimation of outbreak spread risk. Such an approach aims to readily identify and characterize regions in the early stages of an outbreak development, as well as model risk and patterns of spread, informing targeted mitigation and control measures. A fully operational system must integrate diverse and robust data streams to translate data into actionable intelligence and actions, ultimately paving the way toward constructing next-generation surveillance systems.
Frameworks, Dimensions, Definitions of Aspects, and Assessment Methods for the Appraisal of Quality of Health Data for Secondary Use: Comprehensive Overview of Reviews
Authors: Declerck Jens , Kalra Dipak , Vander Stichele Robert , Coorevits Pascal
Published: January 2024

Background

Health care has not reached the full potential of the secondary use of health data because of—among other issues—concerns about the quality of the data being used. The shift toward digital health has led to an increase in the volume of health data. However, this increase in quantity has not been matched by a proportional improvement in the quality of health data.

Objective

This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the existing frameworks for data quality dimensions and assessment methods for the secondary use of health data. In addition, it aims to consolidate the results into a unified framework.

Methods

A review of reviews was conducted including reviews describing frameworks of data quality dimensions and their assessment methods, specifically from a secondary use perspective. Reviews were excluded if they were not related to the health care ecosystem, lacked relevant information related to our research objective, and were published in languages other than English.

Results

A total of 22 reviews were included, comprising 22 frameworks, with 23 different terms for dimensions, and 62 definitions of dimensions. All dimensions were mapped toward the data quality framework of the European Institute for Innovation through Health Data. In total, 8 reviews mentioned 38 different assessment methods, pertaining to 31 definitions of the dimensions.

Conclusions

The findings in this review revealed a lack of consensus in the literature regarding the terminology, definitions, and assessment methods for data quality dimensions. This creates ambiguity and difficulties in developing specific assessment methods. This study goes a step further by assigning all observed definitions to a consolidated framework of 9 data quality dimensions.
Embodied Conversational Agents for Chronic Diseases: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Jiang Zhili , Huang Xiting , Wang Zhiqian , Liu Yang , Huang Lihua , Luo Xiaolin
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Embodied conversational agents (ECAs) are computer-generated animated humanlike characters that interact with users through verbal and nonverbal behavioral cues. They are increasingly used in a range of fields, including health care.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aims to identify the current practice in the development and evaluation of ECAs for chronic diseases.

METHODS

We applied a methodological framework in this review. A total of 6 databases (ie, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, and Web of Science) were searched using a combination of terms related to ECAs and health in October 2023. Two independent reviewers selected the studies and extracted the data. This review followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) statement.

RESULTS

The literature search found 6332 papers, of which 36 (0.57%) met the inclusion criteria. Among the 36 studies, 27 (75%) originated from the United States, and 28 (78%) were published from 2020 onward. The reported ECAs covered a wide range of chronic diseases, with a focus on cancers, atrial fibrillation, and type 2 diabetes, primarily to promote screening and self-management. Most ECAs were depicted as middle-aged women based on screenshots and communicated with users through voice and nonverbal behavior. The most frequently reported evaluation outcomes were acceptability and effectiveness.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review provides valuable insights for technology developers and health care professionals regarding the development and implementation of ECAs. It emphasizes the importance of technological advances in the embodiment, personalized strategy, and communication modality and requires in-depth knowledge of user preferences regarding appearance, animation, and intervention content. Future studies should incorporate measures of cost, efficiency, and productivity to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the benefits of using ECAs in health care.