bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 2018 North Greenland polynya observed by a newly introduced merged optical and passive microwave sea-ice concentration dataset
Authors: Ludwig Valentin , Spreen Gunnar , Haas Christian , Istomina Larysa , Kauker Frank , Murashkin Dmitrii
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Observations of sea-ice concentration are available from satellites year-round and almost weather-independently using passive microwave radiometers at resolutions down to 5 km. Thermal infrared radiometers provide data with a resolution of 1 km but only under cloud-free conditions. We use the best of the two satellite measurements and merge thermal infrared and passive microwave sea-ice concentrations. This yields a merged sea-ice concentration product combining the gap-free spatial coverage of the passive microwave sea-ice concentration and the 1 km resolution of the thermal infrared sea-ice concentration. The benefit of the merged product is demonstrated by observations of a polynya which opened north of Greenland in February 2018. We find that the merged sea-ice concentration product resolves leads at sea-ice concentrations between 60 % and 90 %. They are not resolved by the coarser passive microwave sea-ice concentration product. The benefit of the merged product is most pronounced during the formation of the polynya. Next, the environmental conditions during the polynya event are analysed. The polynya was caused by unusual southerly winds during which the sea ice drifted northward instead of southward as usual. The daily displacement was 50 % stronger than normal. The polynya was associated with a warm-air intrusion caused by a high-pressure system over the Eurasian Arctic. Surface air temperatures were slightly below 0 ∘C and thus more than 20 ∘C higher than normal. Two estimates of thermodynamic sea-ice growth yield sea-ice thicknesses of 60 and 65 cm at the end of March in the area opened by the polynya. This differed from airborne sea-ice thickness measurements, indicating that sea-ice growth processes in the polynya are complicated by rafting and ridging. A sea-ice volume of 33 km3 was produced thermodynamically.
Airborne radionuclides and heavy metals in high Arctic terrestrial environment as the indicators of sources and transfers of contamination
Authors: Łokas Edyta , Zaborska Agata , Sobota Ireneusz , Gaca Paweł , Milton J. Andrew , Kocurek Paweł , Cwanek Anna
Published: July 2019

Abstract. A survey of airborne radioactive isotopes (137Cs,
238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, and 210Pb) and trace metals (Pb,
Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Al) in tundra soils and cryoconite hole material sampled
from several locations in the Kaffiøyra region of Spitsbergen revealed
significant variability in spatial concentration. Lithogenic radionuclides
(230Th, 232Th, 234U, 238U) show less variability than
the airborne radionuclides because their activity concentrations are
controlled by mixing of local material derived from different types of
bedrock. Activity ratios of the artificial radionuclides in most cryoconite samples
differ from global fallout signatures. The contribution of radionuclides
from additional and more specific sources might be enhanced by
non-continuous exposure of cryoconite to atmospheric deposition. We assumed
that the main source of Pu, which was detected only in cryoconite samples,
is derived from nuclear tests and non-exploded weapons-grade material.
Approximately one-third of the total observed Pu activity concentration is
238Pu, most likely originating from the SNAP9A satellite re-entry,
which was powered by a 238Pu thermoelectric generator. In samples from
Waldemarbreen the influence of glacial local morphology on the capability of
cryoconite for trapping and accumulating airborne radionuclides is apparent.
Local glacial morphology plays an important role in determining the
accumulation of airborne pollutants. Trace metal concentrations in soils
were typical or slightly higher than concentrations characteristic for the
natural background; the 206Pb∕207Pb signature was also close to
the natural ratio of the parent rocks. Conversely, trace metal
concentrations in cryoconite samples (Pb and Cd) were higher than in soil
samples and exceeded natural values. Cryoconite is an effective monitor of
the spread of artificial radionuclides and heavy metals in their surrounding
environment.
The Role of the Director of Educational Units and the Participation of the Teachers' Association in the Decision-making Process. An Overview of the Greek’s Education System
Authors: Platis Vasileios , Argyropoulou Athena
Published: July 2019

The present paper examines the concept of leadership, the types of leadership and especially the role that the Director plays regarding decision making in the Greek education system. It reviews the literature on the Greek case and through the negotiation and commentary of a specific example from the daily routine of the Greek school, demonstrates how important it is for the Director tooperate democratically and use the presence of the Teachers' Association for the benefit of the school.
Las dos caras de la patrimonialización: memoria local y poética de la ausencia
Authors: Galaz-Mandakovic Damir
Published: July 2019

Este artículo reflexiona sobre los procesos de patrimonialización atestiguados en las últimas décadas en América Latina, los cuales tienen dos caras. La primera de ellas está relacionada con un proceso de descolonización y de descentralización del saber histórico, lo que ha significado la emergencia de regímenes de identidad cultural y la reivindicación de algunas memorias locales mediante las arquitecturas. Sin embargo, en una segunda parte, se analiza cómo estos procesos de patrimonialización encierran una lógica que aglutina turistifcación, la mercantilización, el fetiche y la poética de una ausencia.
Ética y responsabilidad social de las empresas públicas. Caso Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería distrital de Azogues
Authors: Flores-Ortega Jorge Miguel , Guaman-Herrera Patricia Guadalupe , Manzanares-Ordoñez Karen Denisse , Ormaza-Andrade Jorge Edwin
Published: July 2019

El presente artículo gira en torno a la necesidad de considerar a las organizaciones actuales como entes sociales responsables; organizaciones que transmitan valores éticos que apliquen no solo en las empresas sino también en la sociedad. Existe un sinnúmero de normas, reglamentos y códigos que se han de seguir para comprender la importancia del trabajo, la organización y el intercambio monetario. Por lo tanto, ética y responsabilidad social empresarial son términos vigentes que toda empresa debe de considerar como relevantes. En esta investigación se realizó un enfoque de la ética y la responsabilidad en las organizaciones, los negocios, etc., teniendo como caso el del Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería distrito Azogues, incluyendo cómo definen los autores estos conocimientos, que son muy importantes dentro de la empresa.
El neuroaprendizaje en la enseñanza de las matemáticas: la nueva propuesta educativa
Authors: Rivera-Rivera Edwin
Published: July 2019

En este artículo se presenta el neuroaprendizaje mediante estudios e investigaciones desarrolladas en el área de las matemáticas. De igual modo, se presenta esta nueva ciencia, la cual no se había pensado antes y que ahora se visualiza con mayor profundidad, en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en el área de las matemáticas. Se le da un gran énfasis a la figura del maestro y a cómo este, al tener un conocimiento bien formado de la manera que aprende el estudiante, puede realizar mejor su labor como docente. Aquí se verá el cerebro como ese órgano del ser humano que puede reforzarse para su propio beneficio a medida que se conoce más. Todos los estudios realizados hasta el día de hoy nos muestran que esta ciencia del “aprender como aprendemos” irá cambiando la manera de cómo las personas nos enfrentamos y nos enfocamos en la diversidad de problemas y situaciones que debemos conocer para mejorar todo el proceso educativo, psicológico y biológico.
Papel de los directores exitosos en centros escolares de educación media. Caso San Salvador
Authors: Campos-Morán Saúl
Published: July 2019

El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar el papel de los directores exitosos en el nivel de educación media en El Salvador, es decir, valorar su desempeño y buenas prácticas de gestión de la institución que representaban. El tipo de estudio fue ex post facto (Montero y León, 2007), con diseño transversal. El instrumento utilizado fue un cuestionario de percepción, el cual se aplicó a cinco grupos de participantes, entre los que se incluyó la valoración del propio director y la perspectiva de su éxito según docentes, personal administrativo, estudiantes y asesores pedagógicos del Ministerio de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología. La investigación se llevó a cabo en los 14 departamentos de El Salvador, con una muestra de 291 centros escolares. Entre los resultados principales, se aprecia que todos los departamentos tienen una percepción media/positiva sobre el currículo; que los directores y docentes se muestran inconformes con el acceso a la tecnología que se tiene en los centros, pero los administrativos y estudiantes muestran una satisfacción media con el acceso y los recursos de los que disponen, y que los sistemas de evaluación implementados por los directores son percibidos como una oportunidad de mejora.
Actitud, percepción y tolerancia a la violencia en estudiantes de la generación milenio
Authors: Burgos-Ocasio Hilda , Pinilla-Díaz Ana R.
Published: July 2019

El presente estudio fue uno de tipo exploratorio, con el propósito de estudiar las diferencias por género de la generación milenio en actitudes, percepción y tolerancia hacia la violencia. Se realizó con una muestra por disponibilidad de 78 estudiantes universitarios, de una universidad pública en Puerto Rico. Se administró una hoja de información sociodemográfca y la Escala de Actitudes, Percepción y Tolerancia a la Violencia (PinillaDíaz y Burgos-Ocasio, 2012). Se analizaron las estadísticas descriptivas para los datos sociodemográfcos y las diferencias entre grupos, por género, con t de Student, para las variables dependientes: actitud, percepción y tolerancia a la violencia. En la variable actitud hacia la violencia [t (75) = t -3.758, p =.001.] no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre hombres (M = 53.789, D.E. = 6.115) y mujeres (M = 59.590, D.E. = 4.271). Esto se reportó también en la variable percepción a la violencia, hombres (M = 79.083, D.E. = 23.916), y mujeres (M = 88.667, D.E. = 19.598) [t (70) = -1.698, p =.097]. Por otro lado, se encontraron diferencias significativas en (M = 27.522, D.E. = 22.520), y mujeres, (M = 22.580, D.E. = 3.441) [t (71) =3.796, p = .001]. La magnitud de las diferencias en promedios fue una grande (eta cuadrado = .17). En otro aspecto, el género femenino presentó diferencia en sus niveles de actitud y tolerancia. Se discuten las implicaciones de la exposición a la violencia, del género y de la generación milenio y la necesidad de desarrollar investigaciones entre estas variables y la desconexión moral los niveles de tolerancia, al compararlos entre hombres.
Las defensorías de las audiencias de los medios de comunicación en El Salvador
Authors: Calles Minero Camila , Monterroza Matute Leida
Published: July 2019

Este artículo muestra los resultados de una investigación cualitativa sobre la factibilidad y aceptación de las defensorías de las audiencias en El Salvador, como un mecanismo para fortalecer el derecho a la información de la población salvadoreña, y con ello, mejorar la calidad de los contenidos que se ofrecen. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad y grupos focales con periodistas y líderes de opinión. Se buscó la opinión de los directores y dueños de medios, pero no se obtuvo ninguna respuesta. Los resultados fueron analizados en ATLAS.ti. La conclusión principal es que El Salvador no está listo para la creación de defensorías de las audiencias, pese a que se tiene claridad en que los contenidos mediáticos no son de la mejor calidad y no responden a los intereses de la población.
Aplicación del Internet de las cosas en el registro automatizado de asistentes.
Authors: Flores-Cortez Omar Otoniel , Rosa Verónica Idalia
Published: July 2019

Se denomina internet de las cosas (IoT, siglas del inglés) al área de aplicación de la informática que estudia los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos para el diseño e implementación de dispositivos dotados de sensores y conectividad, permitiendo el fácil control o monitoreo de estado de estos objetos a través del internet. Es dentro de este campo de estudio que se enfocó el presente trabajo, cuyo objetivo principal fue el proponer nuevo conocimiento científico sobre el uso de tecnologías y técnicas del IoT; en la solución de una situación problemática específica: el registro automatizado de los asistentes a un recinto o aula. La investigación realizada propuso el diseño, desarrollo y validación de un sistema IoT de bajo costo, para el registro automatizado vía internet de asistentes, basado en la información recogida por sensores electrónicos inalámbricos dispuestos en la entrada del lugar. El resultado principal de esta investigación fue dividido en diferentes bloques: un circuito electrónico, el firmware para plataforma IoT y la visualización al usuario. Los conocimientos científicos y las técnicas de IoT aportan gran ayuda en el diseño de soluciones de bajo coste y sus aplicaciones van mucho más allá de la realizada durante esta investigación, siendo un fundamento muy importante en el desarrollo de ambientes inteligentes.
Standardized, Patient-specific, Postoperative Opioid Prescribing After Inpatient Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Chen Eric Y. , Betancourt Lauren , Li Lulu , Trucks Emma , Marcantonio Andrew , Tornetta Paul
Published: July 2019

Background:

Opioid-related mortality has increased over the past 2 decades, leading to the recognition of a nationwide opioid epidemic and prompting physicians to reexamine their opioid prescribing practices. At our institutions, we had no protocol for prescribing opioids upon discharge after inpatient orthopaedic surgery, resulting in inconsistent and potentially excessive prescribing. Here, we report the results of the implementation of a patient-specific protocol using an opioid taper calculator to standardize opioid prescribing at discharge after inpatient orthopaedic surgery.

Methods:

The opioid taper calculator is a tool that creates a patient-specific opioid taper based on each patient's 24-hour predischarge opioid utilization. We implemented this taper for patients discharged after inpatient orthopaedic surgery at our two institutions (Boston Medical Center and Lahey Hospital and Medical Center—Burlington Campus). We compared discharge opioid quantities between orthopaedic patients postimplementation and quantities prescribed preimplementation. We also compared discharge opioid quantities between orthopaedic and nonorthopaedic surgical services over the same time period.

Results:

Nine-months postimplementation, a patient-specific taper was used in 74% of eligible discharges, resulting in a 24% reduction in opioids prescribed at discharge, along with a 35% reduction in variance. Over the same time frame, a smaller reduction (9%) was seen in the opioids prescribed at discharge by nonorthopaedic services. The most notable reductions were seen after total joint arthroplasty and spinal fusions. Despite this reduction, most patients (65%) reported receiving sufficient opioids, and no substantial change was observed in 30-day postdischarge opioid prescription refills after versus before protocol implementation (1.58 versus 1.71 fills per discharge).

Discussion:

Using the opioid taper calculator, a patient-specific taper can be successfully used to standardize opioid prescribing at discharge after inpatient orthopaedic surgery without a substantial risk of underprescription.

Level of Evidence:

Level II
The Need for Incorporating Sustainability Thinking into Higher National Diploma Electrical/Electronic Engineering Curriculum in Nigeria
Authors: Mukhtar Nasiru , Saud Muhammad Sukri Bn
Published: July 2019

The fundamental substance employed for energy, construction, smelting and shipbuilding before eighteenth century was wood. However, with the advent of industrial revolution, changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had an overwhelming consequence on the socio-economic life of the society. This causes natural resources to decline and demand for them to incredibly increase, which led the humanity to fell into intertwined crises of environmental, economic and social systems. To change the situation, paramount changes of thinking and mindset are required and education is the key. This study therefore, explored the perceptions of electrical/electronic lecturers in the polytechnics on the need to incorporate sustainability thinking into Higher National Diploma electrical/electronic engineering curriculum in Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study through qualitative research design. Sixty-five (65) electrical/electronic lecturers in the polytechnics within the states under the study made up the target population, and only senior lecturers were selected to participate in the study. This is because of their experience in teaching electrical/electronic courses in the institutions. The authors conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews to generate data used in answering the research questions. The authors transcribed and thematically analyzed the data. Findings revealed a common view in which the participants indicated an urgent need for incorporation of sustainability thinking in to the said curriculum. Findings also showed the possible benefits of incorporating sustainability thinking to include environmental protection, economic prosperity, social wellbeing and technical sustainability. The authors recommended a model for incorporating sustainability thinking into HND electrical/electronic engineering curriculum.
Does Audit Committee Reduce Earnings Management in Banks? Evidence from Tunisian Context
Authors: Zgarni Amina , Fedhila Hassouna
Published: July 2019

In the business world, financial information disseminated by companies reveals an undeniable importance, and this is an unavoidable necessity for any decision- making of the various stakeholders (investors, lenders, customers, employees, public authorities, etc.). This study aims to determine the nature of the impact of the introduction of an audit committee on the financial reporting quality, in particular the earnings management, in the banking context. Through the static panel method and a sample of all Tunisian commercial banks, over a period from 2001 to 2014, the study shows, surprisingly, that the audit committee is a catalyst for earnings management.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Language Teaching Vol 12 No 8
Authors: Yu Gavin
Published: July 2019

Reviewer acknowledgements for English Language Teaching, Vol. 12, No. 8, 2019
The Relationship between Working Capital Management and Profitability
Authors: Alsulayhim Nasser A.
Published: July 2019

Working capital management is an important concept that could influence companies in many ways. An efficient management of working capital can help a company to manage its finances and increases its profitability. This study investigates the relationship between working capital management and profitability in non-financial companies listed in the Saudi Stock Exchange. A sample of 67 companies is used for a period of ten years (2007-2016). Quantitative method using multiple linear regression and pooled data set is used for analysis. The results indicate a positive relationship between working capital management and profitability. However, each company could have a different optimal level of working capital and could require different strategies to increase profitability. This study is limited to non-financial companies listed in the Saudi Stock Exchange. This study is a positive contribution to working capital management literature as it uses a relatively large sample, a longer time period, and multiple profitability proxies in the context of Saudi Arabia which has few researches in this area.
Enhancing Pre-Service Teachers’ Integration of STEM Education into Home Economics Lessons Through A Professional Development Program
Authors: Saratapan Narumon , Pitiporntapin Sasithep , Hines Lisa M.
Published: July 2019

This research was aimed to assess whether a newly developed professional development (PD) program enhances STEM-based teaching practices among pre-service home economics teachers. The activities in this PD program were divided into three parts: knowledge about STEM education, lesson plan development, and implementation of STEM-based lessons. Using three pre-service home economics teachers as case studies, data were collected throughout the PD program from group discussions, observations, interviews, and review of documentation. Data were analyzed using content analysis. The findings demonstrated that the pre-service teachers gained more confidence with integrating STEM education into their lesson plans as a result of the PD program. In addition, they were able to link content about home economics to other disciplines. This integration provided more opportunities for students to test their own ideas, ask questions, and apply 21st century skills. STEM knowledge, school context, students’ learning style, and time constraints were identified as the main factors that impacted their teaching practices. Results from this study provides insight on how to better prepare teachers outside of the STEM disciplines with integrating STEM content into their teaching practices and provides a framework for future research.
Scoring Rubric of Problem-Solving on Computing Science Learning
Authors: Lertyosbordin Chacharin , Maneewan Sorakrich , Yampinij Sakesun , Thamwipat Kuntida
Published: July 2019

Office of basic education commission of Thailand firstly declared the indicator for computing science of the students in primary education and secondary education in 2018. The important of computing science is to develop the learners to solve the questions of computing science by using technology correctly. To gain the effective learning management in computing science, the method of evaluation is so important. This research aimed to create the test of solving on computing science for the teachers to use in school and applied in computing sciences in schools and improved better in the future. The evaluation on quality for validity of the test found that the test of solving in computing science gain the item of congruence (IOC) at 1.00 and reliability was show harmonization at the level of “much” (RAI = 0.94).
The Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Learners of Arabic in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Al-Busaidi Fatma Yousuf
Published: July 2019

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the sociocultural factors influencing learners of Arabic as a foreign language in the Sultanate of Oman. A qualitative inquiry approach was adopted for the study, using in-depth interviewing, and students’ diaries to understand how the sociocultural context impact non-Arab learners of Arabic in the Sultanate of Oman. Twenty-two non-native learners of Arabic participated to describe their experience of learning Arabic with special emphasis on the Omani culture and social milieu. The findings of the study showed that these learners experienced three main sociocultural factors which affected their learning of Arabic in Oman. Specifically, it was found that these factors were associated with the lack of encouragement given to learning Arabic in the Sultanate of Oman, the characteristics of the Arabic language programs in the country, and finally difficulties in adjusting to the cultural differences. These factors were further divided into different sub-categories and these were analysed and discussed in detail. Studying the sociocultural circumstances elucidate the development and proficiency of foreign language acquisition from a new perspective.
The Impact of a Play-Based Training Program on Reducing the Negative Effects of Students Abuse and Improving Their Self-Esteem
Authors: Aldmour Hisham Ali
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a play-based program on reducing the effects of student’s abuse and to improving their self-esteem. To achieve this goal, a sample was selected and composed of 60 male and female abused students. They were divided into two groups: control group and experimental group which both consisted of 30 students. The experimental group was divided into two groups: the first consisted of 15 male students, while the second consisted of 15 female students. The measure of exposure to abuse and the self-assessment scale were applied as an anterior and posterior test of both experimental and control groups. The experimental group was only exposed to training through the training program.

After completing the data collection, the means and standard deviations of the performance of the experimental and control groups were calculated on the study scales. The multivariate variance analysis was also conducted to identify the impact of the training program on gender. The results of this study showed statistically significant differences at the mean level (α ≤ 0.05) between the performance mean of experimental and control groups. These differences were in favor of the experimental group that improved their level of self-esteem and decreased the level of exposure to abuse. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α ≤ 0.05) between the female and male performance means.
Determining the Challenges Faced by Syrian Refugees Students at Jordanian Camps According to Their Perspective: A Case of Universities Role to Supporting
Authors: AbduRazak Luma Fakhir , AL Mawdieh Reda Salamah , Karam Asaad Ali , Yousef Aljaafreh Abdulsalam , Elias Al-Azzaw Mohammed
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to identify the most important challenges facing the Syrian refugee university students in Jordan camps, and the universities’ role in supporting them from their perspective, by providing answers to the following questions: What are the challenges that facing the Syrian refugee university students in Jordanian camps from their perspective? And what kind of support could Jordanian universities provide for the Syrian refugee university students from their perspective? This study employs a quantitative and qualitative approach and intends to explore the challenges and opportunities for Syrian refugee students in Jordan. The results show that the large number of Syrian Refugee University Students at Jordanian camps present challenges for local communities in meeting the needs of both the refugees and the host universities. Refugees face multiple challenges in Jordan:(1) Financial shortcomings; (2) legal issues including lack of documentation and restrictive host country policies; (3) Psychological and Family challenges. Findings of the study add to the understanding of the vital role of higher education in improving living conditions and giving a sense of hope for the future. The study offers policy and program recommendations to decision- and policy-makers for the national and international communities, donors and other institutions with the overall goal to improve and guide further practice and research in supporting access to higher education.
A Computational Study of 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane Ring Opening by Bromide and Acetate Anions Considering Electrophilic Activation with Cations of Alkali Metals
Authors: Yutilova Kseniia , Bespal’ko Yuliia , Shved Elena
Published: July 2019

Ring opening of 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane via the nucleophilic substitution with bromide and acetate anions was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It was shown that the geometry of the transition states and the activation parameters of the reactions correspond to those of SN2-like mechanism. The nature of localized transition states was analyzed using More O’Ferrall – Jencks plots. The quantum chemical simulations of the potential energy surface for the ring-opening reaction of oxirane by nucleophiles confirmed the theoretical assumptions about the favored path of interactions, which is a backside α-attack of nucleophile. The effect of alkali metal cation (Li+, Na+, K+) on that path was estimated. It was found that the electrophilic activation with alkali metal cation is more pronounced in the reaction of 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane with dissociated ions, than with ionic pairs.
Remodeling of Diaphyseal Diameter of Forearm Bone in a Child. Case Report
Authors: Saeki Masaomi , Yamamoto Michiro , Hirata Hitoshi
Published: July 2019

We present a case of remodeling of the diaphyseal diameter of a forearm bone in a child. A 12-year-old boy had a narrow diameter of the radial diaphysis following the removal of a buried plate. The diameter of the radial diaphysis was decreased by half. Osteotomy and internal fixation were performed without graft harvesting from another site of autologous bone. The diameter of radial diaphysis was sufficiently remodeled.
Gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos: um estudo de caso no município de Crato (CE)
Authors: Oliveira Esdras Alex Freire de , Gonçalves Jamily Freire , Homem Ivan Cézar Alencar , Januário Thays Lorranny da Silva , Sabiá Rodolfo José
Published: July 2019

A geração dos resíduos sólidos nas últimas décadas tornou-se uma preocupação mundial perante o crescimento acelerado e desordenado dos centros urbanos. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo desenvolver um estudo sobre o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) realizado pela prefeitura no município de Crato (CE). O procedimento metodológico possui caráter qualitativo, a partir da apresentação de aspectos teóricos, pesquisas de campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Nos resultados alcançados, constatou-se que o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos no município de Crato (CE) ocorre de maneira inapropriada, pois utiliza-se o lixão a céu aberto para sua destinação final e o lançamento de efluentes sanitários em rios sem nenhum tratamento. Ficaram evidentes também as poucas ações de reciclagens voltadas para a redução dos rejeitos e a falta de consciência ambiental por parte da população do município. Dessa forma, para alcançar uma gestão ambiental ecologicamente sustentável, é necessário a atuação conjunta entre a sociedade, órgãos públicos e privados, para que desenvolva um adequado gerenciamento de RSU nesse município.
Modelagem de algoritmo para sistema de informação ambiental de gerenciamento de resíduos de construção e demolição
Authors: Sousa Josafá Costa
Published: July 2019

Os Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD) ocasionam um grande impacto negativo ao meio ambiente em decorrência de manejo inadequado em obras civis. Dessa forma, necessita-se de uma maior quantidade de matérias-primas em função das perdas ocorridas nas construções civis, tornando imperioso a redução aos impactos ao meio ambiente. Portanto, a informatização e sistematização de processos e registros operacionais em obras é relevante no gerenciamento de resíduos de construção. Nesse trabalho, o objetivo é demonstrar um modelo de algoritmo computacional para a criação de um sistema de gerenciamento de resíduos de construção e demolição civil direcionado às empresas de pequeno porte, baseado na linguagem de modelagem gráfica de sistema com orientação a objetos. Tem-se a finalidade de alcançar a redução, a minimização, o reaproveitamento, a reciclagem e a destinação final adequada para os resíduos produzidos em obras de civis, observando os normativos legais e as práticas de sustentabilidade. A metodologia aplicada foi a observação direta em canteiros de obras residenciais, comerciais e edifícios de múltiplos pavimentos, com identificação e catalogação dos processos executivos nas etapas construtivas. Aplicou-se também a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica, publicações acadêmicas especializadas, metodologia de pesquisa documental em planilhas orçamentárias e memoriais descritivos de obras para subsidiar as informações na modelagem do sistema. Tem-se como resultado e discussão um modelo de algoritmo computacional gráfico de sistema de gerenciamento de resíduo de construção e demolição. Esse trabalho tem proposição para a área acadêmica, a área de tecnologia da informação e principalmente para o campo da sustentabilidade em obras civis no que concerne o manejo dos Resíduos de Construção e Demolição.
PLASMA PARAMETERS AND KINETICS OF ACTIVE SPECIES IN HBr + Cl2 + O2 GAS MIXTURE
Authors: Efremov Aleksandr M. , Betelin Vladimir B. , Kwon Kwang-Ho , Snegirev Dmitriy G.
Published: July 2019

In this work, we performed the combined (experimental and model-based) study of gas-phase plasma characteristics for HBr + Cl2 + O2 gas mixture under conditions of low-pressure inductive 13.56 MHz discharge. The data on internal plasma parameters, plasma chemistry as well as the steady-state plasma composition were obtained using a combination of Langmuir probe diagnostics and 0-dimensional (global) plasma modeling. Both experimental and modeling procedures were carried out at constant total gas pressure (p = 10 mTorr), input power (W = 500 W), bias power (Wdc = 200 W) and O2 fraction in a feed gas (y(O2) = 11 %). The variable parameter was the HBr + Cl2 mixing ratio, which was changed in the range of 0 – 89 % Cl2. It was found that, under the given set of experimental conditions, the substitution of HBr for Cl2: 1) results in increasing both mean electron energy and electron density; 2) causes the mon-monotonic (with a maximum at ~ 45 % Cl2) change in Br atom density; and 3) provides an increase in O atom density at y(O2) = const. The possible impacts of HBr + Cl2 mixing ratio on Si and SiO2 etching kinetics were estimated through the analysis of model-predicted fluxes for plasma active species (Br, Cl and O atoms, positive ions).
La valutazione della disabilità ai fini del riconoscimento dell’indennità di accompagnamento nel soggetto ultra-sessantasettenne
Authors: Alessandrini Sergio
Published: July 2019

Older people, the fastest growing part of population, are at the highest risk of acquired disability or cognitive decline and, as a consequence, their claim to receive support services, among which the Attendance Allowance for permanent personal assistance, is increasing. This benefit was introduced in the Italian Civil Incapacity system with the law 18/1980 and some relevant innovations were added with the Law 508/1988 and the Decree 509/1988. From a medico-legal point of view, these regulations, define on the one hand the necessary requirements to get a pension (non-contributory), that is physical and or mental disease determining the incapacity for work and, for infra-18 and over-65-year olds, require the “persistent difficulties” to carry out the “tasks and activities” proper to their age. On the other hand, the Law n. 508/1988 identifies also the necessary conditions to get the Attendance Allowance, for those who are unable to get around and/or are unable to carry out daily life activities without the permanent help of a caregiver.Therefore, these regulations specifically provide, first of all, the recognition of the highest level of severity of the “persistent difficulties” concerning the “tasks” and “activities” of the over 65s (prerequisites) and then the judgment for the Attendance Allowance. However, there are considerable difficulties with the assessment of this kind of disability. In fact, we have specific references about incapacity for work indicating the evaluation path and the guide for the rating of permanent impairment (Ministerial Decree 5 February 1992), but there aren’t specific normative and assessment indications about the ability to perform “tasks and activities” in over-65-year-olds (age requirement has become over 67s since January 2019) which allows the risk of a wide evaluating discretion.Italian institutions, like Ministry of Health or INPS (Italian Institute of Social Security) and others officially involved, have attempted to explain and clarify the above-mentioned rating process, but with unsatisfactory results and in some cases even with regressive ones, producing real distortions and interpretative stretches. The author, therefore, after presenting the medico-legal issues for the evaluation of older adults’ disability based on the current regulations, also criticizes the widely found practice of using an atypical, not multidisciplinary, comprehensive geriatric assessment made only for this purpose and elaborate by a single specialist. In fact, the results of a geriatric assessment, like any other Health Certification, is useful to complete the medical history of the subject alleging disability and, therefore, it must be validated by a proper and extensive medico-legal evaluation.
UTICAJ KOGNITIVNE DISONANCE NA PONAŠANJE POTROŠAČA
Authors: Gluhović Nikola
Published: July 2019

Teorija kognitivne disonance od velike je važnosti za naprednije razumijevanjeponašanja potrošača, ali i kod pojačanog interesovanja preduzeća za prepoznavanje,sagledavanje i analiziranje postkupovnog ponašanja potrošača. U radu se istražujufaktori koji utiču na stvaranje kognitivne disonance, naročito kod donošenja odluka okupovini proizvoda i/ili usluga. Takođe, u radu se nastoji definisati problemidentifikovanja određenog spektra vrijednosti, vjerovanja i emocija koji su međusobnonekompatibilni i sa kojima se suočavaju potrošači tokom odlučivanja, te ponuditirješenja za prevazilaženje ovih problema.Cilj rada prepoznaje se u istraživanju uticaja i implikacija kognitivne disonance narazličite aspekte postkupovnog ponašanja potrošača kod kupovine proizvoda i/ili usluga.
PRISTUP SEKTORA MALIH I SREDNJIH PREDUZEĆA IZVORIMA FINANSIRANJA: PERSPEKTIVA FEDERACIJE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
Authors: Kokorović Jukan Meldina , Kozarević Emira , Nuhanović Senija
Published: July 2019

Ovaj rad istražuje problem malih i srednjih preduzeća (MSP) vezane za pristup izvorima finansiranja uFederaciji Bosne i Hercegovine (FBiH). Fokus istraživanja je na analiziranju potreba MSP za eksternimfinansiranjem, karakteristikama nedavno dobijenih eksternih izvora finansiranja te preprekama zadobijanje finansijskih izvora, kao i da se pomogne u razumijevanju budućih potreba MSP i finansijskeklime. Kako bi se procijenila adekvatnost pristupa finansiranju MSP u FBiH, istraživanje je provedenokorištenjem SAFE metodologije Evropske centralne banke, i to na uzorku MSP u FBiH. Podaci suprikupljeni u 2016. godini, a uzorak je činilo 80 MSP. Adaptirani upitnik za ovo istraživanje kreiran jena način da analizira percepcije MSP u FBiH u pogledu dostupnosti i adekvatnosti finansijskihproizvoda/usluga, koje nude banke i druge finansijske institucije. Očekuje se da će istraživanje pružitiinformacije o identifikaciji problema iz perspektive MSP prilikom traženja eksternih finansijskih izvorai može se koristiti kao smjernica za poboljšanje postojećeg institucionalnog okvira u FBiH radi boljegpristupa finansijama za MSP.
CHALLENGING EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN MODERN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Janičić Radmila
Published: July 2019

The paper gives theoretical and practical approach to challenging educational process in modern environment.In first part of paper, present theoretical aspects of educational process through history and time, by leadingauthors in the field of education. Educational process comes from traditional form of teaching to integratedlearning process, which includes information technology platforms, modern holistic marketing approach,modern approach to presentation in class room, interactive discussion with students, and use of mobileplatforms and new concept of relationship with students, based on dialogue. Also, business environment haschanged and has impacted educational process. In second part of paper, is presented theoretical aspects ofstudent’s behavior through time, from traditional concept of listening lectures, to the interactive learningprocess and dialogue with colleagues and professors. Also, changing business environment bring to educationalprocess new topics, new professions. There is emphasizing that new generation need integrated approach,based on both traditional knowledge methodologies and information technologies platforms. Younggenerations love to share knowledge, educational experiences and have strong feeling for connection withothers, to learn more, to travel, to get experiences. Young generations are mobileand in looking for knowledgeand nontraditional professions. Professors have to follow these educational and business changes. In third partof paper, is presented empirical research about student’s behavior in modern educational process and newbusiness environment. Empirical research includes questionnaire and focus group by students about their newneeds, wishes and feelings in modern educational process in modern environment. Empirical research presentswhat drives students in education, in getting knowledge..
Diferença de estatura e desigualdade de género: que argumentário sociológico?
Authors: Messu Michel , Albuquerque Cristina
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo procura enfatizar a necessidade de, no âmbito da sociologia, distinguir os argumentos de explicação científica e os argumentos de explicação ideológica. Por via de um exemplo referente à diferença de estatura entre os dois sexos, são explicitadas e discutidas as incongruências epistemológicas da passagem de julgamentos de facto a julgamentos de valor. Estes exigiriam, desde logo, a clarificação dos pressupostos inerentes à respetiva enunciação. Neste sentido, procura-se argumentar que, ao mudar de quadro explicativo, se pode passar, sub-repticiamente, do registo factual ao registo valorativo, atribuindo, assim, a uma diferença de estatura o sentido de uma desigualdade de género.
O sentido de voto dos eleitores residentes no estrangeiro, 1976-2011
Authors: Belchior Ana Maria , Lisi Marco , Abrantes Manuel , Azevedo Joana
Published: July 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar o sentido de voto dos portugueses residentes no estrangeiro durante o período democrático (1976-2011), em eleições legislativas, europeias e presidenciais, assim como o papel do sistema de partidos no estrangeiro na mobilização eleitoral e na explicação do sentido de voto. As duas tendências mais importantes que emergem dizem respeito: em primeiro lugar, ao acentuado decréscimo da participação eleitoral deste eleitorado nos dois círculos da emigração, em todos os tipos de eleições; e, em segundo lugar, a uma sistemática maior concentração de votos nos dois principais partidos, em especial no PSD no que respeita ao círculo de fora da Europa.
Four erroneous beliefs thwarting more trustworthy research
Authors: Yarborough Mark , Nadon Robert , Karlin David G
Published: July 2019

A range of problems currently undermines public trust in biomedical research. We discuss four erroneous beliefs that may prevent the biomedical research community from recognizing the need to focus on deserving this trust, and thus which act as powerful barriers to necessary improvements in the research process.
Epimutations are associated with CHROMOMETHYLASE 3-induced de novo DNA methylation
Authors: Wendte Jered M , Zhang Yinwen , Ji Lexiang , Shi Xiuling , Hazarika Rashmi R , Shahryary Yadollah , Johannes Frank , Schmitz Robert J
Published: July 2019

In many plant species, a subset of transcribed genes are characterized by strictly CG-context DNA methylation, referred to as gene body methylation (gbM). The mechanisms that establish gbM are unclear, yet flowering plant species naturally without gbM lack the DNA methyltransferase, CMT3, which maintains CHG (H = A, C, or T) and not CG methylation at constitutive heterochromatin. Here, we identify the mechanistic basis for gbM establishment by expressing CMT3 in a species naturally lacking CMT3. CMT3 expression reconstituted gbM through a progression of de novo CHG methylation on expressed genes, followed by the accumulation of CG methylation that could be inherited even following loss of the CMT3 transgene. Thus, gbM likely originates from the simultaneous targeting of loci by pathways that promote euchromatin and heterochromatin, which primes genes for the formation of stably inherited epimutations in the form of CG DNA methylation.
Two mechanisms regulate directional cell growth in Arabidopsis lateral roots
Authors: Kirchhelle Charlotte , Garcia-Gonzalez Daniel , Irani Niloufer G , Jérusalem Antoine , Moore Ian
Published: July 2019

Morphogenesis in plants depends critically on directional (anisotropic) growth. This occurs principally perpendicular to the net orientation of cellulose microfibrils (CMFs), which is in turn controlled by cortical microtubules (CMTs). In young lateral roots of Arabidopsis thaliana, growth anisotropy also depends on RAB-A5c, a plant-specific small GTPase that specifies a membrane trafficking pathway to the geometric edges of cells. Here we investigate the functional relationship between structural anisotropy at faces and RAB-A5c activity at edges during lateral root development. We show that surprisingly, inhibition of RAB-A5c function is associated with increased CMT/CMF anisotropy. We present genetic, pharmacological, and modelling evidence that this increase in CMT/CMF anisotropy partially compensates for loss of an independent RAB-A5c-mediated mechanism that maintains anisotropic growth in meristematic cells. We show that RAB-A5c associates with CMTs at cell edges, indicating that CMTs act as an integration point for both mechanisms controlling cellular growth anisotropy in lateral roots.
Novel Approach to Introducing an Ultrasonography Curriculum With Limited Instructor Resources
Authors: Evans Danika K. , Thiessen Molly E.W.
Published: July 2019

Context

Ultrasonography is becoming more prevalent in clinical practice, but medical schools looking to implement preclinical training are limited by financial and faculty resources.

Objective

To design a single-instructor model to save faculty resources and to determine whether this model is effective at teaching ultrasonography to preclinical medical students.

Methods

This single-instructor model included 3 components: (1) flipped classroom, where students watched an online lecture covering examination techniques; (2) in-person scanning sessions, where students scanned each other after the instructor went through lecture content and pathologic images, a video camera to show probe placement and examination technique, and a live feed from an ultrasonography demonstration; and (3) feedback on written examination questions and course evaluations.

Results

When compared with a traditional ultrasonography curriculum, which requires approximately 600 instruction hours annually, this program required 96 hours. Students reported appreciation of exposure to ultrasonography but expressed desire for smaller group sizes and greater individual instruction. Students performed well on written test questions, with the first-year class answering 88% correctly and the second-year class answering 90.6% correctly.

Conclusions

Although this educational format was used successfully to teach introductory ultrasonography to preclinical students, feedback suggested that students would prefer more individual instruction. The authors look toward implementing a peer-instructor format, forming smaller laboratory groups, and improving skill assessment.