bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prednisone for the Treatment of Acute Nonspecific Mesenteric Lymphadenitis
Authors: Pavlovic Momcilo , Rokvic Zeljko , Berenji Karolina
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Acute nonspecific mesenteric lymphadenitis refers to a common pediatric problem that has no specific treatment.
CASE REPORT: In our study, we describe seven children presenting with abdominal pain as the main symptom of a disease. All patients were treated with prednisone 1 mg/kg (max 40 mg daily) for a maximum of 5 days. In addition, we evaluated the intensity of the pain using a numeric rating scale and achieved a clinically important difference in acute pain relief of 85.3%. After administering corticosteroid therapy, the abdominal pain resolved after 1.7 (1–4) days in all children without any other disturbances.
CONCLUSION: In selective patients with mesenteric lymphadenitis, prednisone can be used as an acceptable form of treatment to reduce the duration of abdominal pain.
Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure Tool for Evaluating the Educational Environment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Farooqi Faraz Ahmed , Khan Soban Qadir , Khabeer Abdul , Ali Saqib , Al-Ansari Asim
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review was to study the literature evaluating the educational environment by using DREEM tool and compute overall mean DREEM score by using Meta-analysis. Further, variation in DREEM score was also studied by distributing studies into different time periods.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and Web of Science databases, followed by review and analysis. All the studies which used DREEM as a tool, published from 1997 to December 2015 were included. Heterogeneity between the studies was assessed by I2-coefficient and Q-statistics. Where significant heterogeneity existed random effect, model was used. Egger’s symmetric test and Begg’s funnel plot was used to study possibility of publication bias. The PRISMA Guideline for systematics review was used.
RESULTS: Out of 128 published DREEM studies, 43 passed the criteria and included in analysis. Overall mean DREEM score through Meta-analysis was 2.426 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.34-2.52). Studies were divided into two groups for analyzing the time effect. Mean score of the studies published during 1997 to 2009 (group 1) was 2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.35-2.64) and for the studies from 2010 to 2015 (group 2) was 2.39 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.29-2.5).
CONCLUSION: Overall DREEM score was more towards positive side than negative. Current review revealed that DREEM has not been used as predictor for achievement of any medical college instead it can be used to predict high and low achievers in a medical school. This review can signify DREEM to be suitable and consistent tool showing learning environment of institute and student’s prerequisites.
Evaluation of Post-operative Pain after Irrigation Using End-vented NaviTip Tips versus Vibringe Sonic Irrigating System in Teeth with Acute Pulpitis with Apical Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mohamed Ali Mohamed Elsaeed , Magdy A. , Hussien W.
Published: October 2020

AIM: This clinical study was conducted to evaluate and compare the post-operative pain after the using of two different irrigating techniques: Vibringe sonic irrigating system with end-vented NaviTip and conventional needle with end-vented NaviTip immediate postoperatively and 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h and 7 days utilizing a numerical rating scale (NRS).
METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with acute pulpitis with apical periodontitis were involved in this study. Root canals were prepared using NiTi ProTaper Universal rotary system then randomized into two equal groups according to the technique used for irrigation Group A, Vibringe sonic irrigating system with end-vented NaviTip and Group B, conventional syringe with end-vented NaviTip® irrigating tip. The needles of irrigation were penetrated 2 mm shorter than the working length. The trial design of this study is a parallel randomized controlled trial.
RESULTS: All demographic data, clinical and radiographic findings, and modified NRS scores obtained from patients were statistically analyzed. Results showed that there was no statistically difference between the two groups regarding the demographic data, prevalence of pre-operative pain, after 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h and 7 days, while in both groups, there was a statistically significant decrease in pain intensity preoperatively compared with all other time periods.
CONCLUSION: There is no statistical significance difference between Vibringe sonic irrigating syringe with endvented needle and conventional syringe with end-vented NaviTip, while in both groups, there was a statistically significant decrease in pain intensity preoperatively compared with all other time periods.
A Rare Case of Double Belly Soleus Muscle
Authors: Fakoya Adegbenro Omotuyi John , Flint Jessica , Gonzalez Maria C. Garcia , Williams III J. Bowman , Afolabi Abayomi Gbolahan , Thomas McCracken
Published: October 2020

The rare anatomical anomaly of a double belly soleus muscle has been associated with some clinical and non-clinical correlations in patients. With symptomatic patients, usually not presenting until 20–30 years old, pain is exacerbated by long walks, running, and standing for long periods of time. This presentation could mimic the properties of a soft tissue tumor, thus misleading physicians. The discovery of the double belly soleus muscle is noticed while in surgery, biopsy, computed tomography scan, or magnetic resonance imaging machine. We herewith present a rare case of double belly soleus on the left and right posterior lower leg region of a 58-year-old female cadaver. This article will help bring awareness to the signs and symptoms of this rare anatomical anomaly.
Herbaria Mundi: An image centric approach to manipulation of specimens from multiple collections
Authors: Hyam Roger
Published: October 2020

Addressing the challenges of the Climate Emergency and the Biodiversity Crisis requires us to understand how the world's vegetation is changing. This is not a trivial task,especially in highly diverse tropical areas.

Frequently, the only way to characterise vegetation is to make voucher specimens of the plants present and identify them later in the lab.

Fortunately there are extensive reference collections carefully curated in herbaria. Unfortunately specimens and expertise are dispersed over hundreds of different herbaria spread across many countries. It would be more efficient if scientists could see and manipulate specimens independently of where they are stored, especially as travel becomes more difficult due to both the need to reduce carbon emissions and virus spread.

Herbaria Mundi is an application demonstrating how how this can be achieved using CETAF Specimen IDs and IIIF (International Image Interoperability Framework). The application mimics the way a botanist might work in a physical herbarium by enabling the gathering of specimens into groups and side-by-side comparison of specimens, but differs in that one can search for and manipulate specimens in multiple herbaria as if they were stored in a single collection.

Voucher specimens are often not added to herbaria mainly because they do not add enough value to material already in the collections. Herbaria Mundi therefore includes the ability for researchers to upload specimen images to Zenodo and for them to appear in the user interface as if they were in an institutional herbarium.

This proof of concept application is being developed as part of Task 4.3 of the Synthesys+ project funded by the European Commission.

Two things need to occur to take this concept into production.

More herbaria need to adopt the use of CETAF specimen identifiers and the IIIF image API.

Botanists need to prioritise which features they would like developed first.

More herbaria need to adopt the use of CETAF specimen identifiers and the IIIF image API.

Botanists need to prioritise which features they would like developed first.

The poster will be a catalyst to discuss how these things can be achieved.
Clinical observation of generalized sarcoidosis with damage of bones
Authors: Chaplynska Nataliia , Rudnyk Viktoriia , Skrypnyk Liubov , Matkovska Nataliia
Published: October 2020

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology, at the basis of which there is an inflammatory granulation epithelioid process without a pronounced exudative reaction and without caseous necrosis. This disease has various manifestations.

The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical case of generalized sarcoidosis with bone lesion in a patient M., born in 1987. There were performed X-ray examinations, computed tomography (CT), fibrobronchoscopy, determination of calcium levels, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), soluble IL-2 receptor in the blood. Dynamic observation was performed for 10 months.

The patient started methylprednisolone therapy at a dose of 20 mg/day. Significant positive effect of this treatment was noted.

Thus, when patients complain of the bone and joint system problems, examination plan should include radiological examination of thoracic organs, which will allow us to avoid late diagnosis of sarcoidosis or other multisystem diseases that may have similar clinical manifestations.
The Theme of the Exodus in Russian Folklore: The “Pharaoh” Mythical Creatures, According to the Archive of the Estonian Literary Museum
Authors: Boganeva Elena , Kõiva Mare
Published: October 2020

In this article, we will consider the Russian folklore retellings of the Exodus, with special emphasis on the narratives about mythical creatures called “pharaohs”. The current analysis is based on a Russian collection of folklore. The data were collected in the 1920–‘40s in the territories of Estonia, Russia, and Latvia (Lutsi region, Estonian settlement) in the context of Slavic belief systems and legends about these characters. Currently, folklore materials are stored in the archive collection of the Estonian Literary Museum (ELM) (Tartu), and in the Skriptoorium. The article gives an overview of the most characteristic motifs, the origin, appearance, and habitat of these mythical creatures. The actions of the Pharaohs are described in more detail.
“Zoopoetic Dwelling”: The Ecology of the Connectedness of Animal and Human Homes and Dwelling Through Folklore and Literary Representations
Authors: Golež Kaučič Marjetka
Published: October 2020

The act of dwelling and physical dwellings is not an exclusively human domain: all spaces, environments and homes of various animals are included. The question of whether an animal merely exists or also lives and dwells forms the basis of the article. We examine the types of environment in which nonhuman animals live either together with people or independently and those where they build their dwellings. We look at the difference between dwelling and building. We will present three viewpoint models that consider animals, their dwelling and physical dwellings on the basis of folkloristic, anthropological, philosophical, eco-critical, and critical-animalistic findings. They are the anthropocentric, anthropomorphic, and zoo-centric models as they appear in the works of Fran Erjavec (Domače in tuje živali v podobah, 1868-1873), Richard Adams (Watership Down, 1972) and Iztok Geister (Narava, kot jo vidi narava, 2010). The way these works present animals and their dwellings, more or less closely reflecting reality, will aid in determining whether these dwellings are part of nature or culture. We will be asking, for example, whether the beaver’s dwelling is an architectural masterpiece or merely a result of instinctive behaviour. Our starting point is based on the understanding that animals are persons and, as such, are capable of dwelling and intentionally producing their physical dwellings.
La puntuación babilónica del Targum de Jeremías en relación con la del texto hebreo
Authors: Ribera Josep
Published: October 2020

La finalidad de este artículo es demostrar que la masora babilónica, que se encuentra en el arameo del Targum, refleja una calidad de vocalización superior a la del texto hebreo. Se aducen algunos ejemplos, tomados de manuscritos del Targum de Jeremías pertenecientes a la puntuación babilónica antigua y media, en apoyo de esta afirmación.
Orígenes y presente del fundamentalismo judío
Authors: Vándor Jaime
Published: October 2020

Como respuesta a la pregunta de si puede llamarse fundamentalismo a cierta ortodoxia judía, cuyos adeptos habitualmente se denominan no fundamentalistas sino ultrarreligiosos, se describen los distintos rasgos que la caracterizan. Sus inicios pueden enmarcarse en la confrontación del movimiento de la Haśkalâ con el inmovi­lismo conservador. Pese a su número reducido, ejercen una considerable influencia en el Estado de Israel, donde las posturas pro y antirreligiosas se han venido radicali­zando en las últimas décadas hasta convertirse en un peligro para la convivencia. Tal violencia latente puede aflorar a la superficie una vez que la situación política del Estado en la región quede estabilizada.
Las Inscripciones fenicias del Tell de Doña Blanca (IV)
Authors: Cunchillos Jesús-Luis
Published: October 2020

El articulo propone la lectura e interpretación de tres inscripciones aparecidas en el Tell de Doña Blanca (Puerto de Santa Maria, Cádiz). Las dos primeras reproducen, probablemente, el comienzo de dos antropónimos. La tercera, anterior al 750 a. C., es un fragmento del hombro de un ánfora fenicia, Sagona 2, en la que aparece inscrito el topónimo Acre.
El ex libris de Cipriano de la Huerga
Authors: Fernández Tejero Emilia , Fernández Marcos N.
Published: October 2020

El ex libris de Cipriano de la Huerga consiste en una mano que sale de un fondo de nubes u olas y empuña un taladro; el emblema va rodeado por cinco círculos concéntricos y la inscripción latina auditus per verbum Dei, la hebrea לי אזן ןאנכי לא מךיתי יחןח פתח y la griega Tῶ Xριστῶ. Los autores mantienen que el ex libris no es obra del editor, Juan de Brocar, sino del propio de Cipriano de la Huerga, a la luz de los escritos del autor, en especial de su comentario al salmo 130.
La fiscalidad extraordinaria de las aljamas de judíos de la corona de Aragón (1309-1317)
Authors: Roigé Prim Bertrán
Published: October 2020

Se analizan seis subsidios extraordinarios pedidos por Jaime II a las aljamas de judíos de la Corona de Aragón, entre 1309 y 1317. Se observa la tendencia a pactar la remisión de parte del valor tasado de cada aljama. Hay que destacar la distinta evolución de las tasaciones sobre los conjuntos de aljamas de cada reino de la Corona de Aragón. Entre las fechas referidas, se pasa de la preponderancia fiscal de las aljamas catalanas a verse éstas desplazadas por la importancia del conjunto de las aragonesas.
El crédito judío en las villas navarras del camino de Santiago: Monreal (1357-1384)
Authors: Carrasco Juan
Published: October 2020

Desde las diversas funciones que desempeñó la villa de Monreal -final de etapa de la ruta de peregrinación, taller de acuñación monetaria y burgo castral- cabe observar y, en cierta medida, explicar su desarrollo y posterior trayectoria urbana. El autor analiza los cinco registros del sello conservados, que cubren el período de 1357 a 1384, casi coincidente con el reinado de Carlos II de Évreux. Tanto de forma directa (74,5 %), como a través de las compraventas (10,23 %), la intervención de los "banqueros" judíos casi monopoliza la actividad crediticia de este mercado. La familia Abolfada es la que controla casi el 40 % del número de créditos negociados en este mercado; le siguen en importancia los Ensabrun, Açaya y Macarel. La clientela, estimada en algo más de un centenar, procede de Monreal y de otros pequeños lugares de la cuenca de Lumbier-Aoiz.
Sobre la reorganización de la aljama de los judios de Lérida (1400-1408)
Authors: Casas Nadal Montserrat
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se analizan dos documentos otorgados por Martin I de Aragón, en los años 1400 y 1408, a favor de la aljama de judíos de la ciudad de Lérida. Ambos documentos contienen normativas locales que afectan exclusivamente a la comunidad judía. Los capítulos otorgados por el monarca, a petición de los represen­tantes de la aljama, están destinados a rehacer la aljama destruida, tanto física como institucionalmente, después del asalto de 1391. Los aspectos más relevantes de estas reformas y normas privilegiadas se refieren a la reconstrucción del espacio urbano y su repoblación, impulso de la economía, reforma de la administración y obtención de exenciones fiscales de forma temporal.
Les juifs dans le Commentaire du Décret de Gui Terré
Authors: Dahan Gilbert
Published: October 2020

La posición de Gui Terré, carmelita catalán, obispo de Mallorca y de Elna (muere en 1342), parece representar un endurecimiento en la historia general de la política eclesiástica en relación con el judaísmo. El presente estudio examina de su comentario al Decreto de Graciano (texto fundamental del corpus de derecho canónico) los pasajes relativos a los judíos o al judaísmo. Se extraen datos interesantes sobre la definición del judío y el lugar que se le ha otorgado en una sociedad cristiana; sus afirmaciones son más matizadas de lo que se podría inferir de la asimilación que él hace del judaísmo al ateísmo, pero se perciben en él signos claros de la transformación de las mentalidades al final de la Edad Media.
Desentrañando el comentario de Cipriano de la Huerga al Salmo 130
Authors: Fernández Marcos N. , Fernández Tejero Emilia
Published: October 2020

Los autores tratan de aclarar algunos de los problemas que suscitan las dos ediciones latinas del comentario de Cipriano de la Huerga al Salmo CXXX, y su relación con los dos ejemplares que se conservan en traducción castellana del siglo XVI. Concluyen que la edición latina de 1555 remodela e incluso amplia la de 1550, e incorpora al texto del comentario el apéndice de lemas hebreos. La traducción castellana se realizó a partir de la edición de 1555, y el ejemplar del Instituto «Valencia de Don Juan» es más fiel que el de Coimbra.
Ode Hébraïque de Joseph de Meyrargues au pape Clément XIV. Carpentras ca. 1774
Authors: Nahon Gérard
Published: October 2020

El estudio de la vida intelectual de los judíos de Aviñón y del Condado Venesino constituye un desideratum de la investigación científica al que contribuye este artículo con la publicación de dos poesías litúrgicas inéditas. Una de ellas es un cántico (ms. n° 1774 del Instituto Ben Zvi de Jerusalén) compuesto en 1774 en honor del papa Clemente XIV, Lorenzo Ganganelli, -particularmente favorable a los judíos- que revela la existencia y la obra de un ministro oficiante de Carpentras, Joseph de Meyrargues, autor de esta pieza y de otras composiciones poéticas. Otra de estas composiciones también se publica aquí por vez primera, según el ms. 2610 de la Biblioteca Inguimbertina de Carpentras.
Más teatro francés en judeoespañol
Authors: Romero Elena
Published: October 2020

En el presente artículo se estudian tres obras de teatro en judeoespañol que son sendas versiones de El avaro y El matrimonio forzado de Molière y de Esther de Racine; además del examen de varios aspectos de estas obras, también se lleva a cabo un análisis comparativo de los textos con sus respectivos originales.
De la Praia da Estação au Conseil municipal de la culture : Mobilisations citadines et droit à la ville à Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brésil)
Authors: Bosredon Pauline , Carsalade Flavio
Published: October 2020

Depuis le début des années 2000, la municipalité de Belo Horizonte cherche à convertir le secteur de son ancienne gare ferroviaire en quartier culturel. A cette fin, le maire Marcio Lacerda (2009-2016) interdit par décret toutes les manifestations sur la place de la gare, prenant prétexte de la protection du patrimoine. Cet article analyse les différentes voies empruntées par la revendication du droit à la ville, depuis les mobilisations originales de rue jusqu’à la participation institutionnelle. Après avoir présenté le mouvement de protestation, l’article aborde la création de nouveau canaux de négociation avec la population et met en lumière comment l’institutionnalisation de la contestation tend à affaiblir la richesse des formes alternatives d’expression.
Produzindo casas de papel: As engrenagens da securitização de ativos imobiliários residenciais no Brasil.
Authors: Abreu Marlon Altavini de , Melazzo Everaldo Santos , Ferreira João Vitor de Souza
Published: October 2020

Este artigo analisa a expansão do processo de financeirização do setor imobiliário no Brasil. Pretende-se contribuir com o debate a respeito dos mecanismos que transformam um ativo físico, com baixa liquidez e elevado custo de transação, em um ativo financeiro, com elevada liquidez e sem entraves a sua circulação, enfatizando os tipos de contratos e dívidas securitizadas que subordinam a produção habitacional às métricas e expectativas de ganhos do mercado financeiro e integram distintos mercados imobiliários por meio da padronização e da reunião de dívidas imobiliárias em um único termo de securitização. A escala geográfica aqui considerada é a nacional e o foco recai sobre um instrumento financeiro específico, os Certificados de Recebíveis Imobiliários (CRI), que articulam as engrenagens do conjunto de transformações que passaram a integrar, estruturar e coordenar o circuito de investimentos em ativos imobiliários no Brasil. São utilizados os valores totais de CRI emitidos entre os anos de 2011 e 2016, ressaltada a relevância da Caixa Econômica Federal, instituição pública que desempenha a muito o papel de mais importante agente financiador da habitação e são detalhadas as localizações das habitações securitizadas, explorando as dimensões da homogeneização dos produtos, disseminação espacial e seletividade territorial que paulatinamente produzem, comercializam e fazem circular casas de papel.
Fronteiras terrestres da Espanha: os enclaves e as disputas geopolíticas
Authors: Filho Camilo Pereira Carneiro , Zanoni João Lucas
Published: October 2020

Os limites internacionais terrestres da Espanha são resultado de tratados internacionais e disputas bélicas que ocorreram ao longo da história. No princípio do século XXI nos confins do território espanhol ainda existem áreas que são objeto de disputas interestatais. Trata-se de um conjunto de enclaves, cuja posse, em alguns casos, é reivindicada concomitantemente por Madri e por países vizinhos. O presente artigo traz uma análise dos tratados de fronteira e do histórico de disputas entre países que conformam os atuais limites dos territórios de Andorra, Llívia, Olivença, Gibraltar, Ceuta e Melilla. Objetiva aferir o papel do Estado como protagonista, à frente de organismos supranacionais, no sistema internacional contemporâneo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, sob a ótica das Relações Internacionais, da História e da Geografia Política, pautada ainda em revisão bibliográfica e enriquecida com trabalho de campo nas fronteiras da Espanha e mapas feitos pelos autores.
Study on Numerical Oscillations of Forming Load Occurring in Forward Open Cold Extrusion
Authors: Meena Akash , Yoo Jae Dong , Kim Kwang Min , Chung Wan Jin , Joun Man Soo
Published: October 2020

A forward open cold extrusion process is evaluated to reveal the sensitivity of forming load to numerical factors including number of total degrees of freedom, time step size and mesh size. The allowable reduction of area was examined by varying number of finite elements and the total solution steps to determine the reliability, in which the results are affected significantly by the positions of the lowest and highest nodal points in contact with the die. An investigation of the oscillations of the forming load in forward open extrusion revealed a set of critical numerical conditions that minimize unwanted oscillatory behavior. The limits of the material initial radii were obtained, suggesting that rigid plasticity with rigid dies is inappropriate for simulations of forward open cold extrusion with extreme reduction of area. Due to artificial numerical deformation of the rigid zone and die elastic deformation thus each of which has a non-negligible influence on the maximum reduction of area.
Shearing and Shaving Process of Stainless Steel Wire at Micro Scale
Authors: Chang Chao Cheng , Hung Tzu Hsiang , Chang Jung Shu
Published: October 2020

This study investigated the effects of the die clearance on the shearing and shaving processes of the stainless steel (SUS316LVM) wire at micro scale. A die set was developed and installed on a precession press equipped with a load cell and a displacement sensor to conduct experiments. By using different punches in the same die set, the specimens prepared from 316LVM stainless steel wires with 0.5 mm diameter were first sheared and then shaved. Experimental results show that the burnished area of the sheared edge increases with the reduction of the clearance between the punch and die in the shearing process. The clearance also significantly affects the load curves. Moreover, the shaving process does increase the burnished area on the shaved edge of the specimen. By an appropriate feed in the shaving process, it is possible to trim the extra material from the sheared edge that results in a nearly complete burnished surface on the shaved edge of the stainless steel wire. This research provides a basis for understanding of the die clearance effect on the shearing and shaving processes at micro scale.
Anti-Inflammatory and Proresolving Effects of the Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Adrenic Acid
Authors: Brouwers Hilde , Jónasdóttir Hulda S. , Kuipers Marije E. , Kwekkeboom Joanneke C. , Auger Jennifer L. , Gonzalez-Torres Mayra , López-Vicario Cristina , Clària Joan , Freysdottir Jona , Hardardottir Ingibjorg , Garrido-Mesa José , Norling Lucy V. , Perretti Mauro , Huizinga Tom W. J. , Kloppenburg Margreet , Toes René E. M. , Binstadt Bryce , Giera Martin , Ioan-Facsinay Andreea
Published: October 2020

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites are potent regulators of inflammation. Generally, omega (n)-3 PUFAs are considered proresolving whereas n-6 PUFAs are classified as proinflammatory. In this study, we characterized the inflammatory response in murine peritonitis and unexpectedly found the accumulation of adrenic acid (AdA), a poorly studied n-6 PUFA. Functional studies revealed that AdA potently inhibited the formation of the chemoattractant leukotriene B4 (LTB4), specifically in human neutrophils, and this correlated with a reduction of its precursor arachidonic acid (AA) in free form. AdA exposure in human monocyte-derived macrophages enhanced efferocytosis of apoptotic human neutrophils. In vivo, AdA treatment significantly alleviated arthritis in an LTB4-dependent murine arthritis model. Our findings are, to our knowledge, the first to indicate that the n-6 fatty acid AdA effectively blocks production of LTB4 by neutrophils and could play a role in resolution of inflammation in vivo.
IgA Triggers Cell Death of Neutrophils When Primed by Inflammatory Mediators
Authors: Wehrli Marc , Schneider Christoph , Cortinas-Elizondo Fabiola , Verschoor Daniëlle , Frias Boligan Kayluz , Adams Olivia Joan , Hlushchuk Ruslan , Engelmann Christine , Daudel Fritz , Villiger Peter M. , Seibold Frank , Yawalkar Nikhil , Vonarburg Cédric , Miescher Sylvia , Lötscher Marius , Kaufmann Thomas , Münz Christian , Mueller Christoph , Djonov Valentin , Simon Hans-Uwe , von Gunten Stephan
Published: October 2020

IVIG preparations consisting of pooled IgG are increasingly used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. IVIG is known to regulate the viability of immune cells, including neutrophils. We report that plasma-derived IgA efficiently triggers death of neutrophils primed by cytokines or TLR agonists. IgA-mediated programmed neutrophil death was PI3K-, p38 MAPK–, and JNK-dependent and evoked anti-inflammatory cytokines in macrophage cocultures. Neutrophils from patients with acute Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or sepsis were susceptible to both IgA- and IVIG-mediated death. In contrast to IVIG, IgA did not promote cell death of quiescent neutrophils. Our findings suggest that plasma-derived IgA might provide a therapeutic option for the treatment of neutrophil-associated inflammatory disorders.
The GM-CSF Released by Airway Epithelial Cells Orchestrates the Mucosal Adjuvant Activity of Flagellin
Authors: Vijayan Aneesh , Van Maele Laurye , Fougeron Delphine , Cayet Delphine , Sirard Jean-Claude
Published: October 2020

The TLR5 agonist flagellin is a potent adjuvant and is currently being developed for use in vaccines. The mechanisms that drive flagellin’s activity are influenced by its administration route. Previous studies showed that lung structural cells (especially epithelial cells lining the conducting airways) are pivotal for the efficacy of intranasally administered flagellin-containing vaccines. In this study, we looked at how the airway epithelial cells (AECs) regulate the flagellin-dependent stimulation of Ag-specific CD4+ T cells and the Ab response in mice. Our results demonstrate that after sensing flagellin, AECs trigger the release of GM-CSF in a TLR5-dependent fashion and the doubling of the number of activated type 2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s) in draining lymph nodes. Furthermore, the neutralization of GM-CSF reduced cDC2s activation. This resulted in lower of Ag-specific CD4+ T cell count and Ab titers in mice. Our data indicate that during pulmonary immunization, the GM-CSF released by AECs orchestrates the cross-talk between cDC2s and CD4+ T cells and thus drives flagellin’s adjuvant effect.
A giant adrenal hemorrhagic pseudocyst mimicking a parapelvic renal cyst: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ates Erhan , Kol Arif , Gokce Gokce Su , Yıldız Ahmet Emre , Erol Haluk
Published: October 2020

Adrenal pseudocysts are rare, nonfunctional, asymptomatic cystic masses that originate from the adrenal gland and are usually located in the suprarenal area. They are usually incidentally discovered during imaging, but diagnosis can be challenging because they are similar to benign and malignant cystic lesions of the adrenal gland and adjacent organs. We describe a giant, adrenal hemorrhagic pseudocyst that was atypically located, extending from the middle to the lower poles of the kidney, admixed with a renal cortical cyst.
Visual impairment and refractive error amongst school-going children aged 6–18 years in Sekhukhune District (Limpopo, South Africa)
Authors: Magakwe Tshubelela S.S. , Xulu-Kasaba Zamadonda N.Q. , Hansraj Rekha
Published: October 2020

Background: Refractive error (RE) and visual impairment (VI) remain major problems affecting school-going children worldwide.Aim: To determine the prevalence and distribution of VI and RE in school-going children aged 6–18 years.Setting: The study was conducted in Sekhukhune District, Limpopo, South Africa.Methods: A multistage random sampling method was used to select school-going children aged 6–18 years from Grades 1 to 12. A total of 326 learners went through eye examinations, which included visual acuity (VA) measurement using a logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution chart, autorefraction under cycloplegia and ocular health assessment.Results: The prevalence of uncorrected, presenting and best-corrected VA of 0.30 M or worse in the better eye was 12.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.70–15.80), 12.3% (95% CI, 8.70–15.80) and 2.1% (95% CI, 0.60–3.70), respectively. Refractive error accounted for 80% (95% CI, 67.6–92.4) of all causes of VI. Myopia was the most prevalent RE (50.7%; 95% CI, 38.8–62.7), followed by astigmatism (36%; 95% CI, 24.3–47.3) and hypermetropia (13.6%; 95% CI, 5.30–21.6). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of RE and VI between males (50.7%; 95% CI, 38.8–62.7) and females (49.3%; 95% CI, 37.3–61.2). Refractive error and VI were higher amongst children aged 14–18 years: 56.7% (95% CI, 44.9–68.6) and 60% (95% CI, 44.8–75.20), respectively.Conclusion: The prevalence of RE and VI amongst school-going children in Sekhukhune District was high, highlighting the need for school visual screening and strategies to address these conditions in that area.
Euphemism in Biblical Hebrew and the euphemistic ‘bless’ in the Septuagint of Job
Authors: Mangum Douglas T.
Published: October 2020

The Septuagint (LXX) generally approached the antiphrastic, euphemistic use of ברך [bless] with a literal translation of ברך with εὐλογέω. This choice produced a Hebraism, as the Greek verb is not generally used antiphrastically. The translators may have expected the Greek audience to track with the figurative usage. Job contains four of the six uses of this euphemism, and LXX Job is evenly split between the use of εὐλογέω and the use of more creative renderings. These creative renderings in Job 1:5 and 2:9 reflect the exegesis of the translator.Contribution: The contribution of this research article is its focus on the phenomenon of euphemism in Biblical Hebrew and the implications of non-literal renderings in the Septuagint for a theologically-significant Hebrew euphemism. The article fits within the scope of the journal as a contribution to this special collection on the Septuagint.
Симметрии Вирасоро многокомпонентных систем Гельфанда-Дикого
Authors: An Ling , Li Chuanzhong
Published: October 2020

Изучаются дополнительные симметрии и $\tau$-функции многокомпонентных иерархий Гельфанда-Дикого, которые включают в себя такие классические интегрируемые системы, как многокомпонентные иерархии Кортевега-де Фриза и Буссинеска. С помощью различных редукций выводятся многокомпонентные иерархии Гельфанда-Дикого типов B и C. Показано, что выживают не все потоки их дополнительных симметрий. Найдено, что генераторы дополнительных симметрий для многокомпонентных иерархий Гельфанда-Дикого типов B и C различаются, а вид их дополнительных потоков одинаков.
Patterns of ethical issues and decision-making challenges in clinical practice among Ghanaian physiotherapists
Authors: Nyante Gifty , Andoh Caleb , Bello Ajediran
Published: October 2020

Objectives: To determine the patterns of ethical issues and decision-making challenges encountered by practicing physiotherapists in Ghana.Design: This is a cross-sectional study in which the stratified sampling technique was adopted to sample the participants.Setting: The study involved physiotherapists at the private healthcare setting and from different levels of public healthcare facilities.Participants: Eighty-two duly registered physiotherapists who were practising in Ghana participated in the study.Interventions: Participants completed a 30-item questionnaire related to ethical issues and challenges encountered in making ethical decisions. Data analysis was premised on the frequency of occurrence of ethical tensions and difficulty in decision making which were dichotomized as 'high' and 'low' issues, and 'extreme' and 'low' difficult decisions, respectively.Results: The age range of the participants was 21-49 years (mean 31.5 ± 1.4years). 18 (22%), 31 (37.8%) and 33 (40.2%) physiotherapists practice in the primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare settings respectively. 56 (68.3%) and 43 (52.4%) of the participants affirmed that 'establishing priorities for patient's treatment amidst limited time resources' was the most frequently encountered and the most extremely difficult ethical issue to make a decision on respectively. Whereas, limiting physical therapy services for personal or organizational gains sub-theme was the least occurred issue which was also the least difficult to make a decision on as indicated by the respective 16 (19.5%) and 18 (22.0%) physiotherapists.Conclusion: A wide range of primary and secondary ethical issues were reported by the sampled physiotherapists, which tend to pose difficulty during the decision-making process in practice.Keywords: Ethical issues; code of ethics; decision making; physiotherapy practice, ethical judgementFunding: The research work was self-funded by the authors.
The Handicapping «Forgetting» of Waste Workers in the Approach of Education to the Sustainable Development of Society
Authors: Tchamou Blandine
Published: October 2020

Among the problems of postmodernism, the article will make a reasoned plea for waste management education for sustainable development. While some academics criticize the term "development" as a paradigm of endless utopian capitalist evolution, there is a consensus on the need to change society's relationship to the world and to adopt more appropriate behaviours.

Unfortunately, waste management is not "thought" as a cultural need for education, but as a stack of sensitization actions and the prescription of an ideal of cleanliness linked to the efficiency of the function. Waste abandoned in inappropriate spaces (litter) and made 'visible' by the abandonment of masks related to the health crisis is not taken into account in expectations of improvement, creating the 'dropping out' of a large part of the population according to Vygotsky's theory in the proximal development zone. In the same movement, the sensitization action for better waste management is carried out by invisibilisation and maintaining the segregation of waste workers, present in all living areas, in contact with actual behaviour. Workers in the waste sector are ignored and invisible, even in the recent information report presented to the national assembly on "precarious" jobs in the link. Taking into account the resources offered by the educational sciences, particularly the pedagogy of decision-making could help to change the role of these professionals to improve the relationship between citizens and their waste, as is already the case in some municipalities.
O fenômeno da pós-verdade
Authors: Ávila Araújo Carlos Alberto
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o fenômeno da pós-verdade, a partir de uma sistematização de trabalhos realizados por diferentes autores de diferentes ciências e países. Essa sistematização está estruturada da seguinte forma: primeiro, são apresentados alguns fatores relacionados com as causas que produziram o fenômeno; a seguir, são apresentadas algumas de suas características; ao final, são identificadas algumas de suas consequências ou implicações. Conclui-se que o fenômeno precisa ser compreendido além de sua dimensão tecnológica ou de ações individuais: ele precisa ser entendido como uma cultura, uma mentalidade, associada a outros fenômenos como o declínio da razão, da valorização da democracia, do multiculturalismo e o crescimento da cultura do ódio.
De amor e velhice
Authors: Caetano Kati Eliana , Boroski Marcia
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as paixões de afeto entre casais idosos em consonância com formas de vida específicas que se contrapõem a imagens e imaginário da manifestação figurativa e visual da velhice. Para tanto, tomamos como empírico que articula nosso raciocínio o projeto de Ari Seth Cohen intitulado Advanced Love (2018), que retrata e entrevista casais representativos de diversos gostos estéticos, reproduzindo na vestimenta, na corporalidade e nas suas falas uma partilha sensível da vida em comum encarnada em várias materialidades. O conjunto fotografado coloca de início o pressuposto de um debate que divide os sujeitos pela tríade do excesso, meio termo e falta. Historicamente, o meio termo aparece como a marca do equilíbrio, do bom senso e do bom gosto (ou bom tom), como já enunciava Aristóteles na Ética a Nicômaco, reportando-se a vários segmentos da vida. No empírico examinado, rompe-se com essa visão unificada de um "bom gosto" ou "bom senso" que deveria ser partilhado pelas pessoas idosas. O projeto de Cohen obriga, ao contrário, a repensá-los em termos que suplantam as adequações sociais do amor e dos modos de se darem a ver e aponta para um encontro modulado e de coexistência. O raciocínio teórico-analítico de abordagem do corpus articula-se com postulados da semiótica discursiva em alguns de seus desdobramentos: análise figurativa e plástica da imagem, estudos das práticas interacionais e das formas de vida em suas diversas instâncias de integração, de signos, estratégias, práticas e experiências vividas.
Mais do que nunca, refletir sobre gêneros jornalísticos
Authors: Pelegrini Ratier Rodrigo
Published: October 2020

Raras são as obras que se apresentam como referências incontornáveis desde seu lançamento. É o caso de Gêneros Jornalísticos – Estudos Fundamentais, organizada por José Marques de Melo e Francisco de Assis. Recém-publicada, a coletânea traz o melhor de mais de meio século da reflexão nacional sobre gêneros jornalísticos. Falar sobre gêneros e compreender suas identidades, como sustentam os organizadores na apresentação da antologia, é voltar-se ao próprio exercício do jornalismo, correspondendo a parcela significativa da formação de profissionais e pesquisadores.
CROSS-POLLINATION OF SUGAR CANE
Authors: Cowgill H. B.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
Título en español
Authors: Fernando Abruña  , José Rodríguez  , Servando Silva
Published: October 2020

Se estudió el efecto de los factores de acidez de dos Ultisols y un Oxisol sobre la producción de granos par sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench). Todos los factores de acidez se correlacionaron íntimamente con los rendimientos, pero se lograron coeficientes de correlación más altos con el porcentaje de saturación con Al y la razón Al/bases en el caso del suelo Corozal arcilloso y con el pH y el porcentaje de saturación con Al en el caso del subsuelo. En el suelo Coto, aunque también se lograron coeficientes de correlación altamente significativos, los mismos no fueron tan altos como los obtenidos en el suelo Corozal y en su subsuelo. Aunque casi todos los contenidos de los constituyentes químicos de las hojas se redujeron notablemente a extremos de acidez, el fósforo mostró las variaciones más notables. La correlación de éste con la producción fue significativa en el suelo y el subsuelo Corozal. Esto también fue cierto con respecto al P y los factores de acidez de dichos suelos. Las correlaciones fueron más altas en al caso del subsuelo. El contenido de Ca en las hojas no estuvo correlacionado con los factores de acidez, como en el caso de otros cultivos, tales como sojas y maíz.
Título en español
Authors: F. W. Martin  , M. Rhodes
Published: October 2020

Raíces de 30 cultivares y líneas, y de 310 plantas de semilla no seleccionadas de batata se evaluaron como rebanadas hervidas. Rebanadas finas de 75 selecciones de las arriba mencionadas se frieron en aceite de soya y se evaluaron como frituras. Por el color, dulzura y textura en la boca se clasificaron las 310 plantas en 25 de 27 clases teóricas. La poca dulzura estaba asociada con textura seca. La frecuencia de defectos en rebanadas hervidas se determinó. Se obtuvieron dos tipos de frituras, uno del tipo de galleta dulce y uno similar a la papa. Las características de calidad eran más o menos independientes unas de las otras y de otras características medidas. Se calcularon los coeficientes de correlación entre las evaluaciones de frituras con su sabor, fragilidad, falta de residuo de aceite y apariencia. Las altas evaluaciones no estaban correlacionadas significativamente con la dulzura. Las batatas sirven para frituras de tipo galleta dulce y tipo papa. Sin embargo, sus propiedades antes de freir no son guías confiables para lograr batatas fritas de buena calidad.
Título en español
Authors: J. Román  , D. Oramas  , J. Green
Published: October 2020

Se realizaron dos pruebas de campo para evaluar el efecto de oxamyl 24 L para combatir nematodos e incrementar la producción de ñames, Dioscorea rotundata Poir de alta calidad. Este nematicida se evaluó como tratamiento de inmersión para la semilla, tratamientos al surco y al follaje y combinaciones del tratamiento al follaje con los tratamientos a la semilla y al surco. Al aplicar oxamyl 24L al follaje en combinación con el tratamiento de la semilla y con el tratamiento a la semilla solamente se obtuvieron aumentos significativos en el rendimiento de ñames de alta calidad. Si se logrará conseguir una autorización para usar oxamyl 24 L para ñames en Puerto Rico se proveería al agricultor con otro producto eficaz contra los nematodes, además del producto granulado (aldicarb 10G) que actualmente puede usarse.
Título en español
Authors: Jaime Vélez-Santiago  , J. A. Arroyo-Aguilu
Published: October 2020

Los rendimientos anuales y estacionales de forraje verde (GF), forraje seco (DF) y proteína bruta (CP) se determinaron en siete gramíneas que se abonaron con 2,240 y 4,480 kg de un abono 15-5-10 por ha y año durante 765 días consecutivos. Según aumentó el nivel de abono aumento la producción de GF, DF y CP en todas las gramíneas. Las mejores productoras de GF en el nivel intermedio de abono fueron las pangola de tallo fino, guinea común y Makueni. Las Bermuda Coastcross-1 y Callie fueron las más ricas en materia seca (DM) al nivel intermedio de abono; sin embargo, la Callie superó en DM a las demás en el nivel alto de abono. Las mejores productoras de DF en el nivel intermedio de abono fueron pangola de tallo fino, guinea común, Makueni y Bermuda Coastcross-1. En la dosis intermedia de abono, la mejor productora de CP fue la pangola de tallo fino, que sobrepasó significativamente a las yerbas Makueni, Callie, estrella y malojilla. Las mejores productoras de GF en la dosis intermedia de abono por lo general resultaron buenas productoras en la dosis alta. La gramínea Makueni fue la mejor productora de DF en la dosis alta de abono y superó significativamente a las yerbas Bermuda Coastcross-1, estrella y malojilla. Las gramíneas pangola de tallo fino, guinea común, Bermuda Coastcross-1 y Callie superaron en producción de CP a la malojilla en la dosis alta de abono. La pangola de tallo fino sobrepasó significativamente en producción de DF total a las yerbas guinea común, estrella y malojilla en tres cortes desde el 15 de octubre de 1977 al 27 de febrero de 1978. En adición, se presentan valores del contenido en nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio, calcio y magnesio de las siete yerbas en los dos niveles de abonamiento.
EFFICACY OF MK-401 (4-AMINO-6 TRICHLOROETHENYL-1,3 BENZENEDISULFONMIDE) AGAINST FASCIOLA HEPATICA IN ARTIFICIALLY INFECTED CALVES
Authors: Delfín de León  , John Fernández-Van Cleve
Published: October 2020

EFFICACY OF MK-401 (4-AMINO-6 TRICHLOROETHENYL-1,3 BENZENEDISULFONMIDE) AGAINST FASCIOLA HEPATICA IN ARTIFICIALLY INFECTED CALVES
STATUS OF BOVINE FASCIOLIASIS IN PUERTO RICO AS DETERMINED BY SLAUGHTERHOUSE STUDIES
Authors: Anne D. Frame  , Pedro Bendezú  , Roberta E. Shoup  , Carlos Torres
Published: October 2020

STATUS OF BOVINE FASCIOLIASIS IN PUERTO RICO AS DETERMINED BY SLAUGHTERHOUSE STUDIES
Título en español
Authors: Megh R. Goyal  , Rubén Guadalupe Luna  , Evangelina Recio de Hernández  , Luis E. Rivera  , Elvin Caraballo
Published: October 2020

En el Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrícola de Fortuna se evaluó el efecto de diferentes niveles de riego (mojado-T1, humedo- T2, seco-T3) y la densidad de siembra (S1, S2, S3, S4) sobre el desarrollo de la cebolla var. Texas Grano 502 regada por goteo durante diciembre de 1982. Los parámetros evaluados fueron la separación por tamaño y el porcentaje de distribución en cada una de las diferentes clases (USDA), porcentaje total de só1idos, porcentaje de desechos, volumen, peso y densidad de las cebollas y rendimiento comercial. Los bulbos fueron significativamente más grandes a un nivel de 5% en el tratamiento T2 comparado con los tratamientos T1 y T3 en las clases de tamaño X y XII. Más del 50% de las cebollas estaban entre las clases 6 a 12, en contraste con menos del 5% en las clases del l al 5 y del 16 a l19, respectivamente. El tratamiento de dos hileras de cebollas a cada lado de la línea de goteo contribuyó a un rendimiento significativamente mayor a un nivel de 5% comparado con el de una sola hilera a cada lado. El tratamiento mojado propició rendimientos mayores comparado con el tratamiento seco a un nivel de 5%. Las diferencias en rendimiento no fueron significativas a un nivel de 5% entre los tratamientos mojado y húmedo. Los bulbos fueron más pesados cuando se aumentó 1a distancia de siembra de 7.5 cm. a 15 cm.