bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) of Taiwan: thirty-seven species from Yangmingshan, including one new genus and twenty-two new species
Authors: HUANG KUN-WEI , WANG CHIN-FAH
Published: June 2019

This work describes and illustrates two families, five subfamilies, 20 genera, and 37 species of Eriophyoidea, including one new genus and 22 new species, from Yangmingshan (Northern Taiwan): Taicolopodacus primus gen. et sp. nov. (infesting Helicia formosana), Colopodacus rubrus sp. nov. (infesting Glochidion rubrum), Col. parallelus sp. nov. (infesting Hydrangea angustipetala), Nothopoda taiwanensis sp. nov. (infesting Melastoma candidum), Pangacarus formosanus sp. nov. (infesting Callicarpa formosana), Cosella fleshneri (Keifer) (infesting Helicia formosana), Cos. viburniae Huang et Wang (infesting Viburnum luzonicum), Cos. parvifloriae sp. nov. (infesting Itea parviflora), Cos. kadsuriae sp. nov. (infesting Piper kadsura), Cos. chinensis sp. nov. (infesting Symplocos chinensis), Gammaphytoptus commune sp. nov. (infesting Lindera communis), Acaphyllisa communiae sp. nov. (infesting Lindera communis), Aca. duplicella sp. nov. (infesting Symplocos chinensis), Neopentamerus octcellus Huang (infesting Lindera communis, Smilax lanceifolia and Smilax china), Tumoris sanasaii Huang (infesting Symplocos chinensis), Phyllocoptes calirubi Keifer (infesting Rubus croceacanthus), Calepitrimerus proprius sp. nov. (infesting Lindera communis), Cal. scutulatus sp. nov. (infesting Symplocos chinensis), Neometaculus beecheyaus sp. nov. (infesting Ficus erecta beecheyana), Abacarus rotundus sp. nov. (infesting Smilax china), Aba. bambusae (Channabasavanna) (infesting Bambusa oldhamii), Aba. tomentosus Huang & Wang (infesting Bridelia monoica), Aba. aralioidus Huang (infesting Trochodendron aralioidea), Aba. floritulus Huang (infesting Miscanthus floridulus), Aculopus monices Huang (infesting Bridelia tomentosa), Apodiptacus coniunctus sp. nov. (infesting Machilus thunbergii), Apo. styracus Huang (infesting Styrax formosana), Asetadiptacus phaeostictaus sp. nov. (infesting Prunus phaeosticta), Diptacus glaber sp. nov. (infesting Rubus sp.), Dip. acuminatus sp. nov. (infesting Litsea acuminata), Dip. tristylaus Huang (infesting Saurauia tristyla), Diptilomiopus cumminis Chakrabarti et al. (infesting Eurya chinensis and E. japonica), Dip. aralioides Huang (infesting Trochodendron aralioidea), Dip. candidus sp. nov. (infesting Melastoma candidum), Dip. decem sp. nov. (infesting Callicarpa formosana), Catarhinus palmifolies Huang (infesting Setaria palmifolia), and Asetacus obscurus sp. nov. (infesting Helicia formosana). Keys to species of eriophyoid mites from Yangmingshan are provided.
New bryozoan taxa from a new marine conservation area in New Zealand, with a checklist of Bryozoa from Greater Cook Strait
Authors: GORDON DENNIS P.
Published: June 2019

Seven new species of cheilostome Bryozoa are described from the new Taputeranga Marine Reserve on the south coast of Wellington City, New Zealand. Four of them [Catenicella pseudoelegans (Catenicellidae), Celleporina wellingtonensis and Osthimosia sirena (Celleporidae), and Reteporella aurantiaca (Phidoloporidae)] were discovered during a month-long “BioBlitz” to determine aspects of the biodiversity of the Marine reserve ahead of its official gazetting and are so far known only from the marine reserve. The remaining species [Electra oligopora (Electridae), Fenestrulina littoralis (Microporellidae), and Rhynchozoon zealandicum (Phidoloporidae)] occur both in the reserve and elsewhere on the New Zealand coast and this paper resolves long-standing taxonomic problems concerning their status, each of the three having previously been attributed to other species. All seven occur in the littoral zone, some extend into deeper water, and all are apparently endemic. With the addition of the new species, the bryozoan fauna of Greater Cook Strait comprises 232 species (13 undescribed/undetermined) and, for the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone, 953 marine species (of which 331 remain undescribed or undetermined).
Three new species of Oppiidae from Turkey (Acari: Oribatida)
Authors: TOLUK AYŞE , AYYILDIZ NUSRET
Published: June 2019

Three new species of oribatid mites of the family Oppiidae Sellnick, 1937, Rhinoppia exobothridialis sp. nov., Rhinoppia emarginata sp. nov. and Oppiella (Perspicuoppia) turcica sp. nov. are described and illustrated based on adult specimens collected from Artvin Province, Turkey. Diagnoses for the genera and an identification key for the species of Oppiella (Perspicuoppia) are provided.
Two new species of the genus Brithura Edwards from China, with a key to world species (Diptera, Tipulidae)
Authors: LIU QIFEI , Yang Ding
Published: June 2019

The following two new species of the genus Brithura Edwards from China are described: B. jinpingensis sp. nov. and B. guangxiensis sp. nov. A key to the world species of the genus Brithura is presented.
One new genus and five new species of Rhyncaphytoptinae from China (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Diptilomiopidae)
Authors: XUE XIAO-FENG , SONG ZI-WEI , HONG XIAO-YUE
Published: June 2019

One new genus and five new species of the Rhyncaphytoptinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Diptilomiopidae) from China are described and illustrated. They are Brevulacus jilinensis sp. nov. on Quercus sp. (Fagaceae), Cuihuacarus longituberis gen. nov. & sp. nov. on Cotoneaster sp. (Rosaceae), Rhinophytoptus sericeaomeiensis sp. nov. on Rosa sericea spp. omeiensis (Rosaceae), Rhinotergum shaoguanense sp. nov. on Ulmus sp. (Ulmaceae) and Rhyncaphytoptus funali sp. nov. on Salix sp. (Salicaceae). All the eriophyoid mite species described here are vagrants on the undersurface of host leaves.
New species of Neotanais Beddard, 1886 (Crustacea, Tanaidacea) from the deep sea of the tropical and southern East Atlantic Ocean
Authors: WEIGMANN SIMON , GUERRERO-KOMMRITZ JÜRGEN
Published: June 2019

As part of the sampling efforts during the DIVA-II expedition several Tanaidacea of the genus Neotanais were captured in the Guinea and the Cape Basin in the tropical and southern East Atlantic Ocean. Two different species were sampled, Neotanais rotermundiae sp. n. from the Guinea and Neotanais guskei sp. n. from the Cape Basin. The distribution of both species is limited to these basins. A full description for both species is presented. Neotanais guskei sp. n. is the largest Neotanais reported for the South Atlantic Ocean.
Ubatubaneura, a new genus of the Corynoneura group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: WIEDENBRUG SOFIA , TRIVINHO-STRIXINO SUSANA
Published: June 2019

Male, female, pupa, and larva of Ubatubaneura atlantica n. gen., n. sp. from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest are described based on specimens collected from the surface of stones in low order streams and reared in the laboratory. The adults can be separated from other members of the Corynoneura group on the right-angled dorsolateral region of the head and on the terminal flagellomere of the antenna having a triangular apex surrounded by sensilla chaetica. The pupa can be distinguished by the presence of two long, taeniate L-setae on segments III–V, the presence of only non-taeniate L-setae on segments VI–VIII, and by having three macrosetae ventrally on the anal lobe. The 5-segmented antenna of about 1/2 the length of the head, antennal blade not longer than the flagellum, bifid SI, short body setae, and apically split subbasal seta on the posterior parapod are diagnostic characters differentiating the larva from other genera. Several characters in the male, pupa, and larva indicate that Ubatubaneura has a basal position within the Corynoneura group of genera. Preliminary keys to the males, females, pupae, and larvae for most genera of the Corynoneura group are given.
A review of the hyperiidean amphipod superfamily Lanceoloidea Bowman & Gruner, 1973 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea)
Authors: ZEIDLER WOLFGANG
Published: June 2019

A taxonomic review of the superfamily Lanceoloidea is presented, based predominantly on collections held by the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Prior to this review the superfamily consisted of three families, Lanceolidae with five genera, Chuneolidae with one genus and Microphasmidae with three genera. The family Lanceolidae is here restricted to two genera, Lanceola and Scypholanceola. The other three genera previously included in this family, Prolanceola, Metalanceola and Megalanceola all have characters that differ significantly from Lanceola (and Scypholanceola) as well as from each other; characters which are considered important enough to warrant their removal from the family. Thus, three new families are proposed to accommodate them; Prolanceolidae fam. nov. for Prolanceola, Metalanceolidae fam. nov. for Metalanceola and Megalanceolidae fam. nov. for Megalanceola. In addition, a new genus, Megalanceoloides gen. nov. is proposed for Megalanceola remipes (Barnard, 1932) because it posses characters that differ significantly from M. stephenseni (Chevreux, 1920), the type species of the genus Megalanceola. Lanceola is the most speciose genus with fourteen species recognized in this review, including two new species, L. gruneri sp. nov. from the Tasman Sea and L. galatheae sp. nov. from the tropical north-eastern Indian Ocean. Scypholanceola consists of two species and Prolanceola, Metalanceola, Megalanceola and Megalanceoloides gen. nov. are currently all monospecific. The family Chuneolidae remains unchanged, with one genus and three species. The family Microphasmidae is here restricted to two genera, Microphasma and Microphasmoides; both are monospecific. The genus Mimonecteola is removed from Microphasmidae and placed in a new family, Mimonecteolidae fam. nov., because it posses several significant characters that set it apart from Microphasma (and Microphasmoides). Six species of Mimonecteola are recognized in this review, including M. macronyx Barnard, 1932 which is considered a valid species based on an examination of the type, and additional material from the Dana collections, and one new species, M. carlsbergi sp. nov., from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean off South Africa. Keys are provided for families, genera and species and all species are illustrated.
A new large didelphid of the genus Thylophorops (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae), from the late Tertiary of the Pampean Region (Argentina)
Authors: GOIN FRANCISCO J. , ZIMICZ NATALIA , DE LOS REYES MARTÍN , SOIBELZON LEOPOLDO
Published: July 2019

We describe Thylophorops lorenzinii sp. nov. (Marsupialia, Didelphidae), the largest known didelphid opossum, living or extinct. Its type specimen comes from Late Pliocene levels at Punta San Andrés, southeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. With an estimated body mass between 4.8 and 7.4 kg, it obviously surpasses that of the (up to now) largest didelphid, the living Didelphis virginiana Kerr. In addition to its larger size, the new species differs from T. chapalmalensis Ameghino and T. perplanus Ameghino in that its lower molars have more labially salient hypoconids and proportionally large hypoconulids which are not antero-posteriorly compressed.
Phylogenetic relationships within the Pylochelidae (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea): A cladistic analysis based on morphological characters
Authors: LEMAITRE RAFAEL , MCLAUGHLIN PATSY A. , SORHANNUS ULF
Published: July 2019

Phylogenetic relationships within the “symmetrical” hermit crab family Pylochelidae were analyzed for 41 of the 45 species and subspecies currently considered valid. In the analyses, 78 morphological characters comprised the data matrix and the outgroup consisted of Thalassina anomala, a member of the Thalassinidae, and Munida quadrispina, a member of the Galatheidae. A poorly resolved strict consensus tree was obtained from a heuristic parsimony analysis of unweighted and unordered characters, which showed the family Pylochelidae and the subfamilies Pylochelinae and Pomatochelinae to be monophyletic taxa – the latter two groups had the highest Bremer support values. Additionally, while the subgenus Pylocheles (Pylocheles) was strongly supported, the subgenera Xylocheles, and Bathycheles were not. More fully resolved trees were obtained when using implied weighting, which recognized the monotypic subfamilies Parapylochelinae, Cancellochelinae and Mixtopagurinae. The subfamily Trizochelinae was found to have four distinct clades and several ambiguously placed taxa.
Genetic evidence for cryptic speciation in the freshwater shrimp genus Atyaephyra de Brito Capello (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae)
Authors: MUÑOZ JOSÉ E. GARCÍA , RODRÍGUEZ ANTONIO , RASO J. ENRIQUE GARCÍA , CUESTA JOSÉ A.
Published: July 2019

The species Atyaephyra desmarestii (Millet, 1831) has a wide geographic distribution in freshwater habitats, rivers and lakes, spanning from North Africa to the Middle East, a large part of Europe and some Mediterranean islands. This wide distribution, together with the disjunct nature of freshwater populations, makes A. desmarestii a candidate taxon to undergo processes of cryptic speciation. To test this assumption, in the present study two mitochondrial genes (16S and COI) were used to examine the diversity between selected populations across the distribution range of this species. The data support three clearly distinguishable groups of haplotypes. The largest one includes the majority of the west European populations and the North African ones, belonging to Atyaephyra desmarestii desmarestii. Within this group the genetic composition found for the Portuguese specimens does not support the validity of Atyaephyra rosiana de Brito Capello, 1867 as a different species, and is therefore here proposed to represent a synonym of Atyaephyra desmarestii. The second European group includes two Greek populations which must be considered as a different species and are tentatively identified as Atyaephyra stankoi (Karaman, 1972) according to geographic distribution. This species-level distinction is supported by high genetic differences, although morphological differentiation is not clear at present. The third group comprises only one sequence from Iraq whose value of genetic variability for 16S could support A. mesopotamica Al-Adhub (or A. orientalis Bouvier) as a valid species. Unfortunately, there are no COI sequences available for this specimen that could be used to confirm its status.
Change in Relationship between the East Asian Winter Monsoon and the East Asian Jet Stream during the 1998–99 Regime Shift
Authors: Song Se-Yong , Yeh Sang-Wook , Park Jae-Heung
Published: June 2019

A composite analysis was conducted on the reanalysis dataset for 1979–2016, along with an idealized model experiment to show that the relationship between the East Asian jet stream (EAJS) and the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) is nonstationary. The relationship between EAWM and the EAJS weakened during the late 1990s. This decadal change in the EAJS–EAWM relationship was mainly due to a change in the secondary circulation across the EAJS between two contrasting periods, induced by the northward shift of the EAJS. A possible mechanism associated with the decadal change in meridional displacement of the EAJS is proposed. The enhanced convective activity in the western tropical Pacific after the late 1990s results in stronger Hadley circulation that could have contributed to the northward displacement of the Hadley circulation boundary latitude. Subsequently, this leads to the northward shift of the EAJS. Therefore, it is necessary to define a new EAJS index to account for the EAWM variability based on the change in the oceanic and atmospheric mean state across the late 1990s.
Some Expectations for Submesoscale Sea Surface Height Variance Spectra
Authors: Callies Jörn , Wu Weiguang
Published: June 2019

In anticipation of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) wide-swath altimetry mission, this study reviews expectations for sea surface height (SSH) variance spectra at wavelengths of 10–100 km. Kinetic energy spectra from in situ observations and numerical simulations indicate that SSH variance spectra associated with balanced flow drop off steeply with wavenumber, with at least the negative fourth power of the wavenumber. Such a steep drop-off implies that even drastic reductions in altimetry noise yield only a modest improvement in the resolution of balanced flow. This general expectation is made concrete by extrapolating SSH variance spectra from existing altimetry to submesoscales, the results of which suggest that in the extratropics (poleward of 20° latitude) SWOT will improve the resolution from currently about 100 km to a median of 51 or 74 km, depending on whether or not submesoscale balanced flows are energetic. Internal waves, in contrast to balanced flow, give rise to SSH variance spectra that drop off relatively gently with wavenumber, so SSH variance should become strongly dominated by internal waves in the submesoscale range. In situ observations of the internal-wave field suggest that the internal-wave signal accessible by SWOT will be largely dominated by internal tides. The internal-wave continuum is estimated to have a spectral level close to but somewhat lower than SWOT’s expected noise level.
Factors Affecting the Inland and Orographic Enhancement of Sea-Effect Snowfall in the Hokuriku Region of Japan
Authors: Veals Peter G. , Steenburgh W. James , Nakai Sento , Yamaguchi Satoru
Published: June 2019

The Hokuriku region along the west coast of the Japanese island of Honshu receives exceptionally heavy snowfall accumulations, exceeding 500 cm from December to February near sea level and 1300 cm at high elevation sites, much of which is produced by sea-effect systems. Though the climatological enhancement of snowfall is large, the lowland–upland snowfall distribution within individual storms is highly variable, presenting a challenge for weather forecasting and climate projections. Utilizing data from a C-band surveillance radar, the ERA5 reanalysis, and surface precipitation observations, we examine factors affecting the inland and orographic enhancement during sea-effect periods in the Hokuriku region during nine winters (December–February) from December 2007 to February 2016. The distribution and intensity of precipitation exhibits strong dependence on flow direction due to three-dimensional terrain effects. For a given flow direction, higher values of boundary layer wind speed and sea-induced CAPE favor higher precipitation rates, a maximum displaced farther inland and higher in elevation, and a larger ratio of upland to lowland precipitation. These characteristics are also well represented by the nondimensional mountain height H^, with H^<1 associated with a precipitation maximum over the high elevations and a larger ratio of upland to lowland precipitation, and H^>1 having the opposite effect. Nevertheless, even in high enhancement periods, precipitation rates decline as one moves inland from the first major mountain barrier, even over high terrain. These results highlight how the interplay between sea-effect and orographic processes modulates the distribution and intensity of precipitation in an area of complex and formidable topography.
A Jim Crow State of Mind: The Racialization of Space in the McKinney, Texas Pool Party Incident
Authors: Harris Combs Barbara
Published: July 2019

Violence against Black bodies is not new, but contemporary discussions of these matters often focus on police or other state-sanctioned violence against male Black bodies. While this is important, it ignores the perils all Black bodies face as they navigate White spaces. In this article, I utilize an analytical framework, which highlights intersectional bodies in order to expose the extent to which a Jim Crow-like mentality about where people belong still persists in U.S. society. I examine the 2015 McKinney, Texas, pool party incident as a case study to demonstrate how gender and the social status of children operated to imperil Black (and Brown) bodies in the social environment of a predominantly White upper middle-class suburban neighborhood. I offer a counternarrative reading of the incident utilizing a framework I term bodies out of place, a critical extension on critical race theory scholarship and the work of Nirmal Puwar (2004). The article makes an important contribution toward understanding White epistemologies of ignorance with respect to the existence and maintenance of continuing racial oppression and White supremacy in society.
The Andhra Sahitya Parishat: Language, nation and empire in colonial South India (1911–15)
Authors: Reddy Gautham
Published: July 2019

The Andhra Sahitya Parishat or the Telugu Academy as it was also known occupied a definitive role in the formation of a Telugu public and the development of Telugu literary activism in the early twentieth century. This essay revisits the early years of the Andhra Sahitya Parishat (1911–15) in order to examine questions related to the origins of ‘Telugu Classicism’ and its relationship to Indian negotiations with colonial modernity. By reviewing the Parishat’s membership, early interventions in public literary controversies, and its successful attempts to position itself as a nationalist intermediary, this essay produces new insights on the emergence and aspirations of an English-educated Telugu middle class. Ultimately, it demonstrates that Telugu Classicism was an integral dimension of early twentieth-century projects to modernise the Telugu language and constructively contributed to the imagination of Telugu as a ‘national’ as well as ‘classical’ language in an era of British imperialism.
Fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on resonance-based sparse signal decomposition with optimal Q-factor
Authors: Lu Yan , Du Juan , Tao Xian
Published: June 2019

When a localized defect is induced, the vibration signal of rolling bearing always consists periodic impulse component accompanying with other components such as harmonic interference and noise. However, the incipient impulse component is often submerged under harmonic interference and background noise. To address the aforementioned issue, an improved method based on resonance-based sparse signal decomposition with optimal quality factor ( Q-factor) is proposed in this paper. In this method, the optimal Q-factor is obtained first by genetic algorithm aiming at maximizing kurtosis value of low-resonance component of vibration signal. Then, the vibration signal is decomposed based on resonance-based sparse signal decomposition with optimal Q-factor. Finally, the low-resonance component is analyzed by empirical model decomposition combination with energy operator demodulating; the fault frequency can be achieved evidently. Simulation and application examples show that the proposed method is effective on extracting periodic impulse component from multi-component mixture vibration signal.
Management information sources and communication strategies for commercially oriented smallholder beef cattle producers in Limpopo province, South Africa
Authors: Mapiye Obvious , Makombe Godswill , Mapiye Cletos , Dzama Kennedy
Published: July 2019

A survey was conducted to identify management information sources and communication channels used by commercially oriented smallholder beef cattle producers ( n = 62) in Limpopo province, South Africa. A total of 62 commercially oriented smallholder farmers under the Limpopo Industrial Development Corporation-Nguni cattle project were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to collect data. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse data on farmers’ demographic and farm characteristics, sources of information and communication channels used. A multinomial logistic regression model was used to evaluate factors that influenced farmers’ choices of information sources and communications channels used. Findings show that government extension (53% of the respondents) and other farmers (30%) were the major sources of management information for the farmers. Based on the logistic regression results, the decision to choose government extension as the main source of information was mainly influenced by respondents’ gender ( p = 0.001) and access to training ( p = 0.023). Communication was mainly through farm-to-farm visits (56%) and the use of mobile phones (30%). Based on the current findings, the infusion of modern information communication technologies such as mobile phone-based innovations with the existing government extension service could further strengthen the capacity of farmers to share information among themselves as well as providing feedback to extension agents. Furthermore, it is essential to take cognizance of farmers’ socio-economic factors when identifying and characterizing their management information sources and communication strategies.
Book review: Ghazala Jamil, Muslim Women Speak: Of Dreams and Shackles
Authors: Sharma Rachana
Published: July 2019

Ghazala Jamil, Muslim Women Speak: Of Dreams and Shackles, New Delhi: Yoda Press, 2018, 189 pp., ₹595 (Hardback). ISBN: 978-93-28-000-6.
Social Isolation as Stigma-Management: Explaining Long-Term Unemployed People’s ‘Failure’ to Network
Authors: Peterie Michelle , Ramia Gaby , Marston Greg , Patulny Roger
Published: July 2019

Social networks play an important role in helping people find employment, yet extant studies have argued that unemployed ‘job-seekers’ rarely engage in ‘networking’ behaviours. Previous explanations of this inactivity have typically focused on individual factors such as personality, knowledge and attitude, or suggested that isolation occurs because individuals lose access to the latent benefits of employment. Social stigma has been obscured in these debates, even as they have perpetuated stereotypes regarding individual responsibility for unemployment and the inherent value of paid work. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 80 unemployed Australians, this article argues that stigma-related shame is an important factor in networking decisions. First, it demonstrates that stigma is ubiquitous in the lives of the unemployed. Second, it identifies withdrawal from social networks and disassociation from ‘the unemployed’ as two key strategies that unemployed people use to manage stigma-related shame, and shows how these strategies reduce networking activities.
Involvement of the gallbladder in the course of viral hepatitis A in childhood
Authors: Velev Valeri , Popov Metodi , Tomov Latchezar , Golemanov Branimir
Published: June 2019

The course of acute hepatitis A (AHA) in childhood is most often benign. There are relatively few reports of gallbladder involvement during such infection and its consequences. We discuss the cases of 75 children (mean age = 4.5 years) with confirmed AHA. Clinical and laboratory evaluation upon admission were classical for AHA. Only two children had normal bilirubin levels and 38.7% had visible involvement of the gallbladder with wall thickening of >3 mm, while six met criteria for acute acalculous cholecystitis. There appears to be no clear relationship between thickening of the gallbladder wall and transaminase levels, but a significant relationship with total and direct bilirubin levels ( P < 0.05). Ultrasonographic examination should therefore be carried out in each case of AHA and follow-up should be performed with greater caution, if there are changes in the gallbladder wall.
Control concepts for image-based structure tracking with ultrafast electron beam X-ray tomography
Authors: Windisch Dominic , Bieberle Martina , Bieberle André , Hampel Uwe
Published: July 2019

In this paper, a novel approach for tracking moving structures in multiphase flows over larger axial ranges is presented, which at the same time allows imaging the tracked structures and their environment. For this purpose, ultrafast electron beam X-ray computed tomography (UFXCT) is being extended by an image-based position control. Application is scanning and tracking of, for example, bubbles, particles, waves and other features of multiphase flows within vessels and pipes. Therefore, the scanner has to be automatically traversed with the moving structure basing on real-time scanning, image reconstruction and image data processing. In this paper, requirements and different strategies for reliable object tracking in dual image plane imaging mode are discussed. Promising tracking strategies have been numerically implemented and evaluated.
‘Hard hearts’ resounding now: anatomising race, resistance, and community in The Merchant in Venice (2016) and Julius Caesar (2017)
Authors: Henderson Diana E
Published: July 2019

Placing two innovative, high-profile stagings of Shakespeare in dialogue, this essay emphasises the power of re-citations, both as aural echoes and as tableaux, across dramatic genres. Building on Martin Luther King’s self-quotation within his anti-Vietnam address, it reveals how the Compagnia de’ Colombari’s site-specific The Merchant of Venice, performed in the originary Jewish Ghetto, and the New York Public Theater’s Julius Caesar, which created a national furore, each employed non-traditional casting and Shakespeare’s Act 4 emphasis on threatened yet suspended male-on-male violence to create complex political theatre, addressing historical ethnic and racial inequalities within ‘the fierce urgency of now’.
Basal astrocyte and microglia activation in the central nervous system of Familial Hemiplegic Migraine Type I mice
Authors: Magni Giulia , Boccazzi Marta , Bodini Antonella , Abbracchio Maria P , van den Maagdenberg Arn MJM , Ceruti Stefania
Published: July 2019

Background

Gain-of-function missense mutations in the α1A subunit of neuronal CaV2.1 channels, which define Familial Hemiplegic Migraine Type 1 (FHM1), result in enhanced cortical glutamatergic transmission and a higher susceptibility to cortical spreading depolarization. It is now well established that neurons signal to surrounding glial cells, namely astrocytes and microglia, in the central nervous system, which in turn become activated and in pathological conditions can sustain neuroinflammation. We and others previously demonstrated an increased activation of pro-algogenic pathways, paralleled by augmented macrophage infiltration, in both isolated trigeminal ganglia and mixed trigeminal ganglion neuron-satellite glial cell cultures of FHM1 mutant mice. Hence, we hypothesize that astrocyte and microglia activation may occur in parallel in the central nervous system.

Methods

We have evaluated signs of reactive glia in brains from naïve FHM1 mutant mice in comparison with wild type animals by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.

Results

Here we show for the first time signs of reactive astrogliosis and microglia activation in the naïve FHM1 mutant mouse brain.

Conclusions

Our data reinforce the involvement of glial cells in migraine, and suggest that modulating such activation may represent an innovative approach to reduce pathology.
Dissolving “Wicked” Problems: Beyond Institutionalist and Participatory Approaches to Land Title Regularization
Authors: Pipkin Seth
Published: July 2019

A central contribution of institutionalist approaches to planning has been to illustrate how planners’ constraints can also present opportunities for creative action. Through an ethnographic case analysis of a successful land title regularization project on the South Texas-Mexico border, this paper identifies two critical factors not reducible to institutional features: groups’ perceptions of shared needs (vulnerabilities) and the range of actions that groups recognize as legible and valid for addressing these needs (repertoires). These additional factors reveal how planners can dissolve apparent “wicked” problems by allowing disparate group perspectives to transform the means and ends of planning intervention.
Phosphorylation of CRY1 Serine 71 Alters Voluntary Activity but Not Circadian Rhythms In Vivo
Authors: Vaughan Megan , Jordan Sabine D. , Duglan Drew , Chan Alanna B. , Afetian Megan , Lamia Katja A.
Published: July 2019

Circadian clocks allow organisms to anticipate repetitive changes in their environment such as food availability, temperature, and predation. While they most clearly manifest at the behavioral level, driving sleep-wake cycles, for example, they also provide critical temporal regulation at the level of individual tissues. Circadian clocks within organs act to ensure that each tissue is functioning in a coordinated manner to anticipate the needs of the organism as a whole but also allow for adaptation of organs to their local environment. One critical aspect of this environment is energy availability, which is communicated at the cellular level via changes in metabolites such as ATP, calcium, and NADH. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is both sensitive to fluctuations in secondary metabolites and capable of resetting the circadian clock via destabilization of the core clock components CRY and PER. Phosphorylation of serine 71 of CRY1 by AMPK destabilizes CRY1 by decreasing its interaction with binding partner PER2, thus enabling greater association with the SCF complex substrate adaptor FBXL3. Here, we describe a transgenic mouse harboring germline mutation of CRY1 serine 71 to alanine. Unexpectedly, this mutation does not affect the steady-state level of CRY1 protein in mouse livers or quadriceps. We also did not detect changes in either behavioral or molecular circadian rhythms, but female Cry1S71A mice exhibit decreased voluntary locomotor activity compared with wild-type littermates. Together, these findings suggest that phosphorylation of CRY1 serine 71 is not required for the regulation of circadian rhythms under normal physiological conditions. However, it may be involved in responding to metabolic challenges or in other aspects of physiology that contribute to voluntary activity levels.
Impact of Making Dental Care Affordable on Quality of Life in Adults Aged 45 Years and Older
Authors: Naavaal Shillpa , Griffin Susan O. , Jones Judith A.
Published: July 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between self-reported ability to afford dental care and quality of life in adults aged 45 years and older. Method: We used publicly available cross-sectional data from the 2008 National Health Interview Survey and its oral health supplement for 11,760 adults aged 45+ years. The increased probabilities of reporting dental problems attributable to an inability to afford dental care were estimated from multivariate models and combined with respective dental problem disability weights from the Global Burden of Disease to measure loss in quality of life. Results: Prevalence of reported inability to afford dental care, severe tooth loss, severe periodontitis, and untreated caries were 11.9%, 8.5%, 14.3%, and 37.9%, respectively. Inability to afford dental care was associated with an increase of 0.017 disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per person per year under base case and 0.020 DALYs under generous assumptions. Conclusion: Making dental care affordable could improve adult’s (age 45 and above) quality of life at a reasonable cost.
The European Court of Human Rights supervising the execution of its judgments
Authors: Glas Lize R.
Published: July 2019

The European Convention on Human Rights (‘Convention’) provides that the Committee of Ministers shall supervise the execution of the European Court of Human Rights’ (‘Court’) judgments. This article aims to address the question whether, despite what the Convention provides, the Court is involved in supervising the execution of its judgments. Additionally, this article addresses the question what the Court does when it is engaged in this exercise. In order to answer these two questions, four aspects of the Court's practice that are linked to the execution process are examined. These are the four aspects of interest: just-satisfaction judgments under Article 41 ECHR, follow-up cases concerning individual measures, follow-up cases concerning general measures and the pilot-judgment procedure. The analysis of these aspects will lead to the conclusion that the Court indeed engages in supervising execution, but also that this does not mean that the Court is taking on the Committee's task and that supervising execution has not become in any way part of the Court's day-to-day work.
Epidemiological study of major pelvic fracture in Hong Kong and analysis of predictors for mortality
Authors: Kwong Wing Yan , Yang Marc LC , Wong Oi Fung , Lui Chun Tat , Tsui Kwok Leung
Published: June 2019

Objectives and Background

Pelvic fracture causes significant mortality and morbidities. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of patients with pelvic fracture in Hong Kong and to determine the factors predicting mortality. The result could help to identify high-risk patients who might benefit from more intensive evaluation and intervention.

Method:

Five hundred and eight patients (age > 12 years old) with pelvic fractures were identified from the trauma registries of four designated trauma centres in Hong Kong from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2012. Patient baseline characteristics and outcomes were analysed. Stepwise logistic regression was performed to identify independent clinical predictors for mortality.

Result:

Mean age was 45.4 ± 19.2 years, 43.3% were female, mean length of hospital stay was 27.9 ± 42.4 days and mean length of intensive care unit stay was 4.8 ± 6.8 days. Injury severity score was 28.9 ± 18.7, revised trauma score was 7.2 ± 2 and 30-day mortality was 20.9%. Stepwise logistic regression identified patient’s age, presenting systolic blood pressure, initial Glasgow Coma Scale, injuries to the thoracic and abdominal regions, first base excess and the volume of red blood cell transfusion required within the first 6 h to be independent risk factors predicting mortality.

Conclusion:

Pelvic fracture is associated with significant risk of mortality in major trauma patients. Clinical characteristics obtained during emergency department resuscitation can help in selecting patients for timely aggressive interventions.
Narrowing the set of complex systems’ possible design solutions derived from the set-based concurrent engineering approach
Authors: Ammar Randa , Hammadi Moncef , Choley Jean-Yves , Barkallah Maher , Louati Jamel , Haddar Mohamed
Published: June 2019

Nowadays, complex systems are dominating our contemporary as well as professional lives. These modern technical products are considered as mechatronic systems which incorporate mechanics with electronics, software, and control in various domains mainly transport, medicine, and robotics. The development of these modern technical products is thus so tough. Hence, mechatronics’ critical challenges are to be not only well understood but also supported by practical models and tools in order to overcome this difficulty. Moreover, using the traditional design method which is point based is inefficient as it leads to a huge decrease in the innovation potential through limiting the design space to few solutions, an important increase in the cost of the product as well as production delay due to the great number of iterations. Some product development practices have shifted from using the “fixed-point design” approach to the “set-based design” one. Indeed, the set-based concurrent engineering widely considers a set of possible solutions and then shrinks the number of possibilities in order to converge toward a final solution. Yet, since this approach is too difficult to be put into action, a small number of industries in the field of mechatronics use the set-based concurrent engineering concept. Accordingly, this work aims to develop a novel method for the purpose of facilitating the development of a complex product based on the set-based concurrent engineering method and its implementation in an industrial setting by developing an algorithm to find the set of possible solutions to the design problem and narrow this set to merge toward the final solution. Finally, this algorithm is implemented using “Python” language.
Safe neoadjuvant trastuzumab-based treatment in HER2 + inflammatory early breast cancer in a glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient postmenopausal woman: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Cunquero-Tomás Alberto J , Ávila-Andrade Claudio D , Milara Javier , Javier Karla , Iranzo Vega , Camps Carlos
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a basic antioxidant pathway for erythrocytes, being its deficiency the most common gene mutation worldwide. As breast cancer is one of the most frequent tumors, many of these patients may present with G6PD deficiency prior treatment without notice.

Case report

We present the case of a woman deficient for G6PD with the diagnosis of Stage IIIB (cT4d cN1 cM0) HER2-enriched early breast cancer.

Management and outcome

The patient underwent neoadjuvance with trastuzumab and anthracycline-free chemotherapy, based on docetaxel (75 mg/m2, 120 mg) and carboplatin (AUC 5, 560 mg). She did not present hemolytic crisis and no blood transfusions were needed. She achieved a good pathologic response and completed one-year adjuvant trastuzumab without incidences.

Discussion

Although the role of HER2 and trastuzumab in oxidative stress is not yet completely understood, we suggest that trastuzumab may be a suitable agent for treatment in patients with HER2-enriched breast cancer in a non-oxidative chemotherapy scheme, with acceptable responses and no triggering hemolytic crisis.
Telemedicine in the Management of ADHD: Literature Review of Telemedicine in ADHD
Authors: Spencer Thomas , Noyes Elizabeth , Biederman Joseph
Published: July 2019

Objective: Telemedicine has been used successfully in several medical specialties with favorable patient outcomes, satisfaction, in a cost-effective manner. However, its use in the context of ADHD remains unclear. Our main aim was to investigate what is known about the use of telemedicine in ADHD. Method: We conducted a systematic search of the literature assessing telemedicine in ADHD in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Medline. Included were original articles published in English with the main aim to assess the use of telemedicine in ADHD. Results: Only 11 articles met our inclusion and exclusion criteria, coming from only three systematic trials of telemedicine in ADHD. The studies suggest that telemedicine is valued by its users, is well accepted, and is associated with improved outcomes. Conclusion: The limited research indicates that telemedicine has potential to expand the delivery of clinical services to patients with ADHD. More work is needed to further evaluate this finding.
Reducing Hallway Disruptions in Elementary Students Using a Modified Timely Transitions Game
Authors: VanMaaren Victoria , Daniels Stephanie , Ignacio Peter , McCurdy Merilee , Skinner Christopher H.
Published: June 2019

Inappropriate behaviors are common during hallway transitions. Researchers have successfully reduced hallway transition times using the Timely Transitions Game, which involves applying interdependent group rewards delivered contingent upon a class’s transition time. A multiple-baseline design was used to evaluate effects of a modified Timely Transitions Game (i.e., a response cost component was added to typical Timely Transition Game procedures) on inappropriate hallway transition behavior across three elementary summer program classrooms. Visual analysis of a repeated-measures graph and statistical analysis suggested that the modified Timely Transitions Game caused immediate, consistent, and meaningful reductions in inappropriate transition behaviors across classrooms. The modified Timely Transitions Game may be an effective prevention and remediation procedure consistent with approaches focusing on reducing inappropriate behavior via the application of behavioral strategies. Discussion is focused on the need for additional studies to evaluate longitudinal effects and the generalizability of the current findings.
Microperimetric changes and fixation stability status after half-dose photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Gulkas Samet , Sahin Ozlem
Published: July 2019

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy on central retinal sensitivity, status of fixation stability, and choroidal thickness in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Methods:

In total, 22 eyes of 22 patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy were enrolled, and all the eyes received indocyanine green angiography-guided half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy. Best-corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and retinal sensitivity in the central 10° and status of the fixation stability are assessed by MAIA microperimetry, and optical coherence tomography findings (central macular thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness) were evaluated at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after the half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy.

Results:

Subretinal fluid was completely resolved in 9 eyes at 1 month and in 17 eyes at 3 months. There was recurrence in two eyes at 6 months and five of the eyes had a persistent subretinal fluid through all the time points. Best-corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and retinal sensitivity improved significantly 6 months after half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy. Fixation stability did not change in either follow-up visit. Central macular thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness decreased significantly at 6 months of the visits compared to baseline. There was not any systemic and ocular side effect after the treatment.

Conclusion:

This study shows that there is significant improvement in best-corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and retinal sensitivity after half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy. The status of fixation stability remained unchanged in the eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy after half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy. Furthermore, half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy is also effective in decreasing central macular thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness.
Clinical outcomes and dislocation rates after hip reconstruction using the Bioball system
Authors: Dabis John , Hutt Jonathan R , Ward David , Field Richard , Mitchell Philip A , Sandiford Nemandra Amir
Published: July 2019

Introduction:

Instability accounts for 1/3 of revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) performed in the UK. Removal of well-fixed femoral stems in rTHA is challenging with a risk of blood loss and iatrogenic damage to the femur. The Bioball universal adaptor (BUA), a modular head neck extension adaptor, provides a mechanism for optimisation of femoral offset, leg length and femoral anteversion. This can avoid the need for femoral stem revision in selected cases. The aim of this study is to present the clinical results and rate of instability following revision with this BUA at a minimum of 2 years follow-up.

Patients and methods:

A review of our prospectively collected database was performed. All patients treated with the Bioball device were included. Clinical and radiologic review were performed pre- and post-surgery. Specific enquiry for instability was made. The Oxford Hip Score (OHS), EuroQol (EQ-5D) score and WOMAC scores were calculated pre-and post-operatively. Complications were recorded.

Results:

32 rTHA procedures were performed using the Bioball device between 2013 and 2016. 4 patients did not wish to complete post-operative questionnaires. 2 patients (2/28, 7%) complained of recurrent dislocations following their rTHA procedure. 1 patient complained of instability but no dislocation. The median pre-operative EQ-5D was 0.195 (range −0.07–0.85), OHS was 20 (range 5–43) and WOMAC was 29.8 (range 15.5–52.3). The median EQ-5D was 0.85 (range 0.59–1), OHS was 39 (range 21–48) and WOMAC was 91.1 (range 44.5–99.2) at final follow-up. There were significant improvements in the EQ-5D ( p = 0.0009), OHS ( p = 0.0004) and WOMAC ( p = 0.0001).

Conclusion:

The BUA is associated with significant functional improvement and relatively low dislocation rates in revision THA. It is a viable option for use in the revision setting.