bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transfer Learning-Based Condition Monitoring of Single Point Cutting Tool
Authors: Naveen Venkatesh S. , Arun Balaji P. , Elangovan M. , Annamalai K. , Indira V. , Sugumaran V. , Mahamuni Vetri Selvi
Published: July 2022

Machining activities in recent times have shifted their focus towards tool life and tool wear. Cutting tools have been utilized on a daily basis and play a vital role in manufacturing industries. Prolonged and incessant operation of the cutting tool can lead to wear and tear of the component, thereby compromising the dimensional accuracy. The condition of a tool is estimated based upon the surface quality of the machined component, condition of the machine, and the rate of production. Maintaining the tool health plays a vital role in enhancing the productivity of manufacturing industries. Numerous efforts were experimented by the researchers to maintain the tool health condition. The drawbacks of conventional diagnostic techniques include requirement of high level of human intelligence and professional expertise on the field, which led the researchers to develop intelligent and automatic diagnostic tools. There are many techniques suggested by researchers to detect the condition of single point cutting tool. This article proposes the use of transfer learning technology to detect the condition of single point cutting tool. First, the vibration signals were collected from the cutting tool and plots were made which will work as input to the deep learning algorithms. The deep learning algorithms have the capability to learn from the plots of vibration signals and classify the state of the single point cutting tool. In this work, the pretrained networks such as VGG-16, AlexNet, ResNet-50, and GoogLeNet were employed to identify the state of the cutting tool. In the pretrained networks, the effect of hyperparameters such as batch size, solver, learning rate, and train-test split ratio was studied, and the best performing network was suggested for tool condition monitoring.
Ultrasound-Guided Median Nerve Electrical Stimulation to Promote Upper Limb Function Recovery after Stroke
Authors: Li Rui , Lu Jingyi , Wang Meiqi , Zhang Ping , Fang Hongmei , Yang Kunli , Wang Liuyan , Zhuang Jianlin , Tian Zhihe , Yang Jianming , Luo Qing , Yang Zhufen , Chin Kai Ling
Published: July 2022

Peripheral electrical nerve stimulation enhances hand function during stroke rehabilitation. Here, we proposed a percutaneous direct median nerve stimulation guided by ultrasound (ultrasound‐guided median nerve electrical stimulation, UG-MNES) and evaluated its feasibility and effectiveness in the treatment of stroke patients with upper limb extremity impairments. Sixty-three stroke patients (2-3 months of onset) were randomly divided into control and UG-MNES groups. Both groups received routine rehabilitation and the UG-MNES group received an additional ultrasound-guided electrical stimulation of the median nerve at 2 Hz, 0.2 ms pulse-width for 20 minutes with gradual intensity enhancement. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity motor function (FMA-UE) was used as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes were the Functional Test for the Hemiplegic Upper Extremity (FTHUE-HK), Hand Function Rating Scale, Brunnstrom Stages, and Barthel Index scores for motor and daily functions. All the participants completed the trial without any side effects or adverse events during the intervention. After 4 weeks of intervention, the functions of the upper limbs on the hemiplegic side in both groups achieved significant recovery. Compared to the control group, all evaluation indices used in this trial were improved significantly in the UG-MNES group after 2 and 4 weeks of intervention; particularly, the first intervention of UG-MNES immediately improved all the assessment items significantly. In conclusion, the UG-MNES is a safe and feasible treatment for stroke patients with upper limb extremity impairments and could significantly improve the motor function of the affected upper limb, especially in the first intervention. The UG-MNES could be an effective alternative intervention for stroke with upper limb extremity impairments.
Efficacy of High-Dose Vitamin C Infusion on Outcomes in Sepsis Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: El Driny Wessam A. , Esmat Ibrahim M. , Shaheen Sara M. , Sabri Nagwa A.
Published: July 2022

Background. Critically ill patients have an increased requirement for vitamin C in sepsis and these patients have low levels of vitamin C. The researchers validated the efficacy of high-dose vitamin C intravenous infusion (IVI) in patients with sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation. Methods. Forty patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups (20 each) in a 1 : 1 ratio in accordance with the vitamin C treatment regimen: Group I (GI): patients received 1.5 g/6 h vitamin C in 50 ml of dextrose 5% in water (D5W) IVI over 30 minutes for 4 consecutive days; Group II (GII): patients received 100 mg vitamin C/day as a first single dose in 50 ml of D5W IVI over 30 minutes and the other three subsequent doses were 50 ml of plain D5W IVI over 30 minutes for 4 consecutive days. Primary outcomes were the change in sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score at day 7, the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and the plasma vitamin C level. The glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, duration of vasopressor therapy, and 28-day mortality were secondary outcomes. Results. The change in SOFA score at day 7 showed a significant difference between GI and GII (

p
<
0.001

). The incidence of early VAP was significantly lower in GI (

p
=
0.044

). Vitamin C levels showed a significant rise in GI at day 1 and day 4 (

p
<
0.001

and

p
<
0.001

, respectively). GPX activity of day 4 and day 7 was significantly higher in GI (

p
=
0.005

and

p
=
0.014

, respectively). CRP levels of day 4 and day 7 were significantly higher in GII (

p
<
0.001

and

p
<
0.001

, respectively). There was a significant difference in 28-day mortality (

p
=
0.038

) and duration of vasopressor therapy (

p
=
0.033

) in GI compared to GII. Conclusion. The early use of high-dose vitamin C intravenous infusion in patients with sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation in combination with the standard treatment for sepsis lowered the incidence of VAP, increased the antioxidant status, and improved the illness severity. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT04029675).
Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase Protects against Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Ameliorating Renal Hypoxia
Authors: Wang Ting-ting , Du Yi-wei , Wang Wen , Li Xiang-nan , Liu Hong-bao
Published: July 2022

Xanthine oxidase (XO) utilizes molecular oxygen as a substrate to convert purine substrates into uric acid, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide, which is one of the main enzyme pathways to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) during septic inflammation and oxidative stress. However, it is not clear whether XO inhibition can improve sepsis-induced renal hypoxia in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI) mice. In this study, pretreatment with febuxostat, an XO-specific inhibitor, or kidney knockdown of XO by shRNA in vivo significantly improved the prognosis of SI-AKI, not only by reducing the levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β in peripheral blood but also by improving histological damage and apoptosis, reducing the production of ROS, and infiltrating neutrophils and macrophages in the kidney. More importantly, we found that pharmacological and genetic inhibition of XO significantly improved renal hypoxia in SI-AKI mice by a hypoxia probe via fluorescence staining. This effect was further confirmed by the decrease in hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression in the kidneys of mice with pharmacological and genetic inhibition of XO. In vitro, the change in XO activity induced by lipopolysaccharide was related to the change in hypoxia in HK-2 cells. Febuxostat and XO siRNA significantly relieved the hypoxia of HK-2 cells cultured in 2% oxygen and reversed the decrease in cell viability induced by lipopolysaccharide. Our results provide novel insights into the nephroprotection of XO inhibition in SI-AKI, improving cell hypoxia by inhibiting XO activity and reducing apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Prediction of Conversion from CIS to Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Afzal H. M. Rehan , Luo Suhuai , Ramadan Saadallah , Khari Manju , Chaudhary Gopal , Lechner-Scott Jeannette
Published: July 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Early diagnosis of MS is highly desirable as treatments are more effective in preventing MS-related disability when given in the early stages of the disease. The main aim of this research is to predict the occurrence of a second MS-related clinical event, which indicates the conversion of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to clinically definite MS (CDMS). In this study, we apply a branch of artificial intelligence known as deep learning and develop a fully automated algorithm primed with convolutional neural network (CNN) that has the ability to learn from MRI scan features. The basic architecture of our algorithm is that of the VGG16 CNN model, but amended such that it can handle MRI DICOM images. A dataset comprised of scans acquired using two different scanners was used for the purposes of verification of the algorithm. A group of 49 patients had volumetric MRI scans taken at onset of the disease and then again one year later using one of the two scanners. In total, this yielded 7360 images which were then used for training, validation, and testing of the algorithm. Initially, these raw images were taken through 4 steps of preprocessing. In order to boost the efficiency of the process, we pretrained our algorithm using the publicly available ADNI dataset used to classify Alzheimer’s disease. Finally, we used our preprocessed dataset to train and test the algorithm. Clinical evaluation conducted a year after the first time point revealed that 26 of the 49 patients had converted to CDMS, while the remaining 23 had not. Results of testing showed that our algorithm was able to predict the clinical results with an accuracy of 88.8% and with an area under the curve (AUC) of 91%. A highly accurate algorithm was developed using CNN approach to reliably predict conversion of patients with CIS to CDMS using MRI data from two different scanners.
Application of Genetic Optimization Algorithm in Financial Portfolio Problem
Authors: Li He , Shi Naiyu
Published: July 2022

In order to address the application of genetic optimization algorithms to financial investment portfolio issues, the optimal allocation rate must be high and the risk is low. This paper uses quadratic programming algorithms and genetic algorithms as well as quadratic programming algorithms, Matlab planning solutions for genetic algorithms, and genetic algorithm toolboxes to solve Markowitz’s mean variance model. The mathematical model for introducing sparse portfolio strategies uses the decomposition method of penalty functions as an algorithm for solving nonconvex sparse optimization strategies to solve financial portfolio problems. The merging speed of the quadratic programming algorithm is fast, and the merging speed depends on the selection of the initial value. The genetic algorithm performs very well in global searches, but local search capabilities are insufficient and the pace of integration into the next stage is slow. To solve this, using a genetic algorithm toolbox is quick and easy. The results of the experiments show that the final solution of the decomposition method of the fine function is consistent with the solution of the integrity of the genetic algorithm. 67% of the total funds will be spent on local car reserves and 33% on wine reserves. When data scales are small, quadratic programming algorithms and genetic algorithms can provide effective portfolio feedback, and the method of breaking down penalty functions to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of algorithm combinations is widely used in sparse financial portfolio issues.
Machine Learning Based Prediction of Output PV Power in India and Malaysia with the Use of Statistical Regression
Authors: Yadav Ojaswa , Kannan Ramani , Meraj Sheikh T. , Masaoud Ammar
Published: July 2022

Climate change and pollution are serious issues that are driving people to adopt renewable energy instead of fossil fuels. Most renewable energy technologies rely on atmospheric conditions to generate power. Solar energy is a renewable energy source that causes the least environmental damage. Solar energy can be converted to electricity, which necessitates the use of a PV system. This study presents a design, which analyses the output power performance of PV, using machine learning technique in India and Malaysia; using this, we would get the predicted amount of solar power using different weather conditions for both India and Malaysia. This study is divided into two sections, such as the data collection section and the implementation system. Dataset was collected from a weather NASA website, which took various weather parameters, based on which the model will be evaluated. The proposed research work is developed using ANN and is an amalgamation of statistical regression and neural networks, which help the model to get high accuracy by helping the model learn more complex relationships between parameters, which is able to evaluate the output power performance of photovoltaic cells with different environmental condition parameters in India and Malaysia. The ANN models are found to successfully predict PV output power with root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.5565, which was used as a measure of our model’s accuracy. This ANN model also outperforms other models available in the literature. This will have a noteworthy contribution in scaling the PV deployment in countries such as India and Malaysia and will increase the share of PV power in their national power production, as it would give the industry and the two countries an idea as to how the predicted output PV power would vary based on weather conditions, such as temperature.
Fracture Behavior of Ion-Nitrided AISI 4140 Steel in accordance with Variable Applied Current Density
Authors: Park Hyun Jun , Kim Bum Soo , Ahn Chi Sung , Cho Kyun Taek , Moon Kyoung Il , Kim Sang Sub
Published: July 2022

In this study, the fracture behavior of AISI 4140 low-alloy steel nitrided with respect to the applied current density was investigated. A series of rotary bending fatigue tests were performed with various loads (350, 400, 450, and 500 N) at a constant rotational speed of 2000 rpm. The results show that the increase in the fatigue strength of the steel (up to 35%) strongly depends on the compound layer formed during the nitriding process. In addition, the compressive stress generated by nitrogen-ion bombardment and implantation had an advantageous effect on the substantially enhanced fatigue strength; it acted as a protective layer to secure the surface from any external impact. It was found that fatigue strength is increased with increasing fracture toughness index on the surface on the sample. It had the highest fracture toughness index and fatigue strength at about 0.85 mA/cm2 of applied current. The findings of this study will pave the way for applications in related industries.
Optimization Drive on a Flat Tire Vehicular System for Autonomous E-Vehicles Using Network Distribution Simulations
Authors: Sivamaran V , Manoharan Hariprasath , Teekaraman Yuvaraja , Kuppusamy Ramya , Radhakrishnan Arun
Published: July 2022

The run-on flat tire is an important technology in the area of vehicle safety technology. Nowadays, traveling by a personal vehicle from one place to another has increased due to the increase in the global economy. The main problem that is faced while traveling is tire puncture. The tire may get punctured by any sharp objects on the road such as screws and iron pins that traps the tire surface. A situation like this may be overcome by the usage of the drive on a puncher tire device which will be used to reach the destination without any need for a puncher shop. Using this device will reduce the damage of the tire and tube. This device is portable and can be placed in a vehicle itself. For this reason, a design has been developed by the CATIA 3D experience. The drive on a puncher tire device was designed using the software developed by the Dassault systems named CATIA 3D experience. Aluminum alloy was chosen as the base material to design and simulate this product. Also, the network distribution simulations were used to develop the mathematical equations to check the adequacy of the model. This device is very useful while traveling long distances if any puncher will occur. The sensors were attached to the product to receive the signal from the vehicle, so that the vehicle will run smoothly for a short distance. Drive on a puncher tire will be suitable for both two- and four-wheeler vehicles and also useful for all the areas like villages, towns, panchayats, and cities. If the tire is puncher, we cannot drive the vehicle; hence, a skating device is fixed at a tired bottom, which is used to move the vehicle. The proposal will be beneficial for a huge number of people who own two and four wheelers. This design and simulation will address the problem of the two- and four-wheeler owners traveling long distances.
Effect of Cryotherapy plus Flurbiprofen Axetil for Pain Management in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy
Authors: Gao Ping , Wang Wenyun , Yang Wenhui , Yan Tingting , Zhang Biaoxin
Published: July 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of cryotherapy using ice pops for physical analgesia and preventive analgesia using flurbiprofen axetil for pain management in children undergoing tonsillectomy. Methods. A total of 120 children scheduled for tonsillectomy were recruited after assessment for eligibility and assigned to a control group (group C), flurbiprofen axetil group (group F), cryotherapy group (group I), and cryotherapy plus flurbiprofen axetil group (Group FI) via the random number table method. Groups F and FI were given 1 mg/kg of flurbiprofen axetil through intravenous injection 30 min before surgery, while group C received an equal amount of saline at the same time point. Groups I and FI received sweet ice pops for pain relief after recovery from anesthesia. The modified Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (mCHEOPS) scores and pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED) scores at 5 minutes (T1), 30 minutes (T2), 60 minutes (T3), 4 hours (T4), and 24 hours (T5) postoperatively, and the incidence of postoperative complications in the children were recorded by investigators who were masked to the grouping results. Results. From T1 to T4, significantly lower mCHEOPS scores and PAED scores were observed in group F, group I, and group FI versus those in group C (

P
<
0.05

). At T2, group FI showed significantly lower mCHEOPS scores and PAED scores versus groups F and I (

P
<
0.05

). There were no significant differences in the mCHEOPS scores and PAED scores between the four groups at 24 h postoperatively (

P
>
0.05

). The differences in the documented postoperative complications between the four groups did not come up to the statistical standard (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Cryotherapy plus flurbiprofen axetil for pain management significantly mitigates post-tonsillectomy pain and delirium in children and facilitates recovery, with no significant adverse events.
Hub Gene Screening Associated with Early Glaucoma: An Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Tian Rui , Li Fuqiang , Che Songtian , Song Meijiao , Liu Lu , Guo Rong , Li Zhuoya , Hu Xiaomin , Zhang Hui
Published: July 2022

Background. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type of glaucoma. The potential influence of some DEGs on the progression of POAG was still incomplete. In this study, we integrated transcriptome data with clinical data to investigate the relationship between them in POAG patients. Methods. The gene expression profile (GSE27276) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used to identify DEGs. The LIMMA package of R was used to identify the DEGs (Diboun et al., 2006). The adjusted

P

values (adj

P

value) were calculated instead to avoid the appearance of false-positive results. Genes with |log2 fold change (FC)| larger than 1 and adj

P

value < 0.01 were taken as DEGs between PH and PC samples. GO (Gene Ontology) function and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of the DEGs were constructed. Results. A total of 182 DEGs were identified through our analysis, of which 119 genes were upregulated and 63 genes were downregulated. GO enrichment analysis illustrated that these DEGs were mostly enriched into haptoglobin binding, antioxidant activity, and organic acid binding. KEGG enrichment analysis illustrated that these DEGs were mostly enriched into Staphylococcus aureus infection. The most significant module was identified by MCODE consists of 8 DEGs, and BCL11A is the seeded gene. The second most significant module consists of 5 DEGs, and IL1RN is the seeded gene. Conclusion. Our results demonstrate the potential influence of some DEGs on the progression of POAG, providing a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the pathogenesis, which may contribute to future investigation into the molecular mechanisms and biomarkers.
Loureirin A Exerts Antikeloid Activity by Antagonizing the TGF-β1/Smad Signalling Pathway
Authors: Ma Hui , Duan Xingwu , Zhang Runtian , Li Hang , Guo Yang , Tian Ye , Huang Min , Chen Guangshan , Wang Zi , Li Lingling
Published: July 2022

It has been recently shown that loureirin A (LA), a major active component of resina draconis, might be effective in the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis. We examined whether LA could inhibit the formation of keloids. To investigate the pharmacological effects of loureirin A on keloid formation and the underlying mechanisms. CellTiter-Blue viability assays were used to examine the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts (KFs) that were treated with LA. Fibroblast migration was evaluated using a cell migration assay. Immunofluorescence staining was used to measure the expression of α-SMA in KFs. RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the mRNA expression of Col-I, Col-III, α-SMA, Bax, and Caspase-3, while Western blotting was used to evaluate the protein expression of Col-I, Col-III, α-SMA, Bax, Caspase-3, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3. LA inhibited the proliferation of KFs and suppressed the migration and TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation of KFs. In addition, LA downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of Col-I, Col-III, and α-SMA while promoting the mRNA and protein levels of Bax and Caspase-3. Moreover, LA downregulated the protein levels of p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 in cultured TGF-β1-treated KFs ex vivo. These results show that LA has an antikeloid effect on KFs by suppressing the TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway. Our findings suggest that LA may be a potential candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of keloids.
New-Onset Cancer Cases in FDA's Sentinel System: A Large Distributed System of US Electronic Healthcare Data
Authors: Haug Nicole R. , Wagner Anita K. , McGlynn Katherine A. , Leonard Charles E. , Nguyen Michael D. , Major Jacqueline M.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Evaluations of cancer etiology and safety and effectiveness of cancer treatments are predicated on large numbers of patients with sufficient baseline and follow-up data. To assess feasibility of FDA's Sentinel System's electronic healthcare data for surveillance of malignancy onset and examination of product safety, this study examined patterns of enrollment surrounding new-onset cancers.

Methods:

Using a retrospective cohort of patients based on administrative claims, we identified incident events of 19 cancers among 292.5 million health plan members from January 2000 to February 2020 using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnosis codes. Annual incident cases were stratified by sex, age, medical and drug coverage, and insurer type. Descriptive statistics were calculated for observable time prior to and following diagnosis.

Results:

We identified 10,697,573 incident cancer events among members with medical coverage. When drug coverage was additionally required, number of incident cancers was reduced by 41%. Medicare data contributed 61% of cases, with similar duration trends as other insurers. Mean duration of follow-up prior to diagnosis ranged from 4.0 to 4.6 years, whereas follow-up post diagnosis ranged from 1.1 to 3.3 years. Approximately a third (36.1%) had at least 2 years both prior to and following diagnosis.

Conclusions:

The FDA Sentinel System's electronic healthcare data may be useful for characterizing relatively short latency cancer risk, examining cancer drug utilization and safety after diagnosis, and conducting surveillance for acute adverse events among patients with cancers.

Impact:

A national distributed system with electronic health data, the Sentinel system provides opportunity for rapid pharmacoepidemiologic assessments relevant in oncology.
RASGRF1 Fusions Activate Oncogenic RAS Signaling and Confer Sensitivity to MEK Inhibition
Authors: Hunihan Lisa , Zhao Dejian , Lazowski Heather , Li Man , Qian Yuping , Abriola Laura , Surovtseva Yulia V. , Muthusamy Viswanathan , Tanoue Lynn T. , Rothberg Bonnie E. Gould , Schalper Kurt A. , Herbst Roy S. , Wilson Frederick H.
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

The identification of actionable oncogenic alterations has enabled targeted therapeutic strategies for subsets of patients with advanced malignancies, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We sought to assess the frequency of known drivers and identify new candidate drivers in a cohort of LUAD from patients with minimal smoking history.

Experimental Design:

We performed genomic characterization of 103 LUADs from patients with ≤10 pack-year smoking history. Tumors were subjected to targeted molecular profiling and/or whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing in search of established and previously uncharacterized candidate drivers.

Results:

We identified an established oncogenic driver in 98 of 103 tumors (95%). From one tumor lacking a known driver, we identified a novel gene rearrangement between OCLN and RASGRF1. The encoded OCLN-RASGRF1 chimera fuses the membrane-spanning portion of the tight junction protein occludin with the catalytic RAS-GEF domain of the RAS activator RASGRF1. We identified a similar SLC4A4-RASGRF1 fusion in a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line lacking an activating KRAS mutation and an IQGAP1-RASGRF1 fusion from a sarcoma in The Cancer Genome Atlas. We demonstrate these fusions increase cellular levels of active GTP-RAS, induce cellular transformation, and promote in vivo tumorigenesis. Cells driven by RASGRF1 fusions are sensitive to targeting of the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions:

Our findings credential RASGRF1 fusions as a therapeutic target in multiple malignancies and implicate RAF-MEK-ERK inhibition as a potential treatment strategy for advanced tumors harboring these alterations.

See related commentary by Moorthi and Berger, p. 2983
Membrane-Anchored and Tumor-Targeted IL12 (attIL12)-PBMC Therapy for Osteosarcoma
Authors: Yang Qing , Hu Jiemiao , Jia Zhiliang , Wang Qi , Wang Jing , Dao Long Hoang , Zhang Wendong , Zhang Sheng , Xia Xueqing , Gorlick Richard , Li Shulin
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown great promise for treating hematologic malignancies but requires a long duration of T-cell expansion, is associated with severe toxicity, and has limited efficacy for treating solid tumors. We designed experiments to address those challenges.

Experimental Design:

We generated a cell membrane-anchored and tumor-targeted IL12 (attIL12) to arm peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) instead of T cells to omit the expansion phase for required CAR T cells.

Results:

This IL12-based attIL12-PBMC therapy showed significant antitumor efficacy in both heterogeneous osteosarcoma patient-derived xenograft tumors and metastatic osteosarcoma tumors with no observable toxic effects. Mechanistically, attIL12-PBMC treatment resulted in tumor-restricted antitumor cytokine release and accumulation of attIL12-PBMCs in tumors. It also induced terminal differentiation of osteosarcoma cells into bone-like cells to impede tumor growth.

Conclusions:

In summary, attIL12-PBMC therapy is safe and effective against osteosarcoma. Our goal is to move this treatment into a clinical trial. Owing to the convenience of the attIL12-PBMC production process, we believe it will be feasible.
Presumably Corneal Graft Rejection after COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Maryam , Hooshmandi Sadid , Jafari Mina , Hassanpour Kiana
Published: July 2022

We report two cases of corneal graft rejection following immunization with COVID-19-inactivated vaccine Sinopharm and describe the practical implications of this phenomenon in the clinical setting. A 36-year-old woman with a history of unilateral repeated PKP received the first dose of inactivated Sinopharm vaccine. Seven days later, she presented with symptoms and signs of unilateral corneal graft rejection on slit-lamp examination. A 54-year-old woman with a history of unilateral PKP secondary to herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) developed signs of unilateral corneal graft rejection just a week after injection of the first dose of the similar vaccine. Rejection in both patients was treated successfully with topical steroids. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of corneal graft rejection following the COVID-19-inactivated Sinopharm vaccine which occurred through the short period after the injection. We hypothesized that the rejection is the result of an allogenic reaction and the immunogenic role of aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant of this type of vaccine. However, as the second case had a history of rejection following the HSK, a reactivation could not be definitely ruled out. Ophthalmologists should consider these types of adverse reactions after COVID-19 immunization and also monitor a close follow-up of graft health postimmunization. Patients should be informed about the signs and symptoms of rejection, urgent referral, and treatment.
Pathophysiologische Mechanismen und Behandlung von Dermatomyositis und immunvermittelten nekrotisierenden Myopathien: Ein fokussiertes Review
Authors: Kamperman Renske G. , van der Kooi Anneke J. , de Visser Marianne , Aronica Eleonora , Raaphorst Joost
Published: July 2022

Idiopathische entzündliche Myopathien (IIM), allgemein als Myositis bekannt, sind eine gemischte Gruppe von seltenen Autoimmunerkrankungen, die hauptsächlich Skelettmuskeln betreffen, obwohl auch andere Organe oder Gewebe beteiligt sein können. Das wichtigste klinische Merkmal der Myositis ist eine subakute, fortschreitende, symmetrische Muskelschwäche in den proximalen Armen und Beinen, während Subtypen der Myositis auch außermuskuläre Merkmale wie Hautbeteiligung, Arthritis oder interstitielle Lungenerkrankung (ILD) aufweisen können. Zu den etablierten Untergruppen der IIM gehören die Dermatomyositis (DM), die immunvermittelte nekrotisierende Myopathie (IMNM), das Antisynthetase-Syndrom (ASyS), die Myositis bei Overlap-Syndrom (OM) und die Einschlusskörpermyositis (IBM). Obwohl sich die klinischen Merkmale dieser Untergruppen überschneiden, deuten die großen Unterschiede in den klinischen Manifestationen der IIM auf unterschiedliche pathophysiologische Mechanismen hin. Es ist bekannt, dass verschiedene Komponenten des Immunsystems bei der IIM eine wichtige Rolle spielen, obwohl die genauen pathophysiologischen Mechanismen, die zu den Muskelschäden führen, noch unbekannt sind. Die derzeitige Behandlung, die aus Glukokortikoiden und anderen immunsuppressiven oder immunmodulierenden Wirkstoffen besteht, führt häufig nicht zu einer anhaltenden positiven Reaktion und ist mit verschiedenen unerwünschten Wirkungen verbunden. Es wurden neue therapeutische Ziele identifiziert, die die Ergebnisse bei Patienten mit IIM verbessern könnten. Ein besseres Verständnis der sich überschneidenden und abweichenden pathophysiologischen Mechanismen der wichtigsten Untergruppen der Myositis ist notwendig, um die Behandlung zu optimieren. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es, über die jüngsten Fortschritte bei DM und IMNM zu berichten.
Uma história de amor pela terra: o fenômeno literário de Torto arado – entrevista com Itamar Vieira Junior
Authors: Noro Natália Souza , Gonçalves Marta Aparecida Garcia
Published: July 2022

Bibiana e Belonísia, irmãs protagonistas do romance Torto Arado, têm suas vidas entrelaçadas por um trágico incidente. O enredo se passa no interior da Bahia, na Chapada Diamantina, uma região que recebeu um contingente grande de trabalhadores, submetidos a situação degradante de trabalho, análoga à escravidão, terra que o escritor baiano Itamar Vieira Junior percorreu como servidor do Incra e que o inspirou a escrever uma história de resistência, de insubordinação social, pela força do povo, pela força da paisagem e das histórias de vida das pessoas que ali habitam: uma verdadeira saga épica, conforme reitera o próprio autor nesta entrevista.  O romance é narrado em primeira pessoa por três narradoras, que se alternam, uma em cada um dos três capítulos que compõem o livro, uma força de vozes femininas que vai dar vida e poder à narrativa. É essa narrativa de resistência, intrigante e atemporal, premiada no Brasil e no exterior, que constitui o tema da entrevista realizada com Itamar Vieira Junior.
A catalogue of the types of rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) deposited in the collection of Johan Heinrich Hochhuth in the National Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Authors: GLOTOV SERHII V. , MARTYNOV ALEXANDER V. , SHAVRIN ALEXEY V.
Published: July 2022

Type specimens of Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) from the collection of J.H. Hochhuth (1810–1872) deposited in National Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv) are currently being catalogued and illustrated. This catalogue presents information about 103 type specimens (14 holotypes, 80 lecto- and paratypes, and nine syntypes) belonging to 67 nominal species. Several lectotypes are designated: Conurus erythrocephalus Hochhuth, 1849, Aleochara solida Hochhuth, 1849, Trogophloeus kiesenwetterii Hochhuth, 1851, Ocypus pullus Hochhuth, 1849, Philonthus armeniacus Hochhuth, 1851, P. interpunctatus Hochhuth, 1860, and P. subopacus Hochhuth, 1851.
On the taxonomy of genus Termioptycha Meyrick, 1889 (Pyralidae, Epipaschiinae) with description of two new species and two new species records from India
Authors: RANJAN RAHUL , SINGH NAVNEET , KIRTI JAGBIR SINGH
Published: July 2022

In the present research paper we describe two new species of Epipaschiinae, Termioptycha gnathospina Ranjan, N. Singh & Kirti, sp. nov. and Termioptycha almae Ranjan, N. Singh & Kirti, sp. nov. and report of two species, Termioptycha cornutitrifurca Rong & Li, 2017 and Termioptycha bilineata (Wileman, 1911) for the first time from India. An updated checklist of all the Termioptycha species is provided.
Does Education Make Local Elected Officials More Efficient?
Authors: Joshi Gaurav , Joshi Amit
Published: July 2022

In recent past, various Indian States have enacted legislations prescribing minimum educational qualification norms for contesting elections to Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)—rural self-government bodies—claiming that this would enhance the effectiveness of these local elected officials. The current study is an attempt to investigate the conceptual basis for such an assertion through analysis of existing literature and practices. The study proposes that educational qualification has a significant direct impact on effectiveness of the elected PRI representatives. Furthermore, their educational qualification also determines the extent to which capacity-building training imparted to elected PRI representatives enhances their effectiveness as elected officials. Thus, educational qualification has been identified as both an independent/predictor variable as well as a Moderator.
Finance Commissions and Disaster Risk Funding: A Paradigm Shift in Methodology by Fifteenth Finance Commission
Authors: Sharma Sanjay
Published: July 2022

Disaster risk financing has been in practice since the Second Finance Commission in the form of a Margin Money Scheme. Later, it was replaced with a Calamity Relief Fund and a National Calamity Contingency Fund (NCCF)/National Disaster Relief Fund (NDRF). These funds were based on expenditure-based funding, from which a state is provided relief funds based on its past expenditure. There have been a lot of discrepancies as states like Uttarakhand, with high hazard risk vulnerability, received ₹1,158 crore, and Haryana, comparatively a less hazard risk vulnerability state, received ₹1,699 crore for 2015–2020 from the State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF). States and other agencies like National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) have been demanding, for replacing this expenditure-based funding with a state-specific hazard/disaster risk vulnerability for a long time. The Fifteenth Finance Commission addressed this long-standing demand by incorporating an innovative methodology for disaster risk funding. It made a slight departure from the past method and included area, population and disaster risk index for calculating a state’s share in disaster risk funding. This article analytically examines the past and present methodologies of disaster risk funding by applying quantitative and qualitative research methods.
An Analysis of Factors Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Grief Following Comrade Loss
Authors: Yehene Einat , Martin Yossi , Goldzweig Gil
Published: July 2022

This study explored how “inhibiting factors” associated with military-bereavement impact combatants’ psychological sequelae following comrade loss. One hundred six eligible Israeli combat male-soldiers completed the Texas-Revised-Inventory of Grief, the post-traumatic-stress-disorder symptoms scale (PSS), the Male Role Norms Scale, the Social Acknowledgment Questionnaire, and a scale assessing Military Encouragement to Grieve (MEG-8). Time since loss had no impact on soldiers' levels of PSS or prolonged grief. Regression analysis indicated that higher masculinity-perception and disapproval from the family predicated higher PSS, above and beyond grief. Conversely, lower disapproval from the family, and higher disapproval from the general community, predicted higher grief, above and beyond PSS. Also, military encouragement significantly mediated the positive relationship between masculinity and sense of social-recognition. The results show how inhibiting factors contribute differently to the perpetuation of PSS and grief. This interplay sheds light on soldiers’ “external” and “internal” loss processes of traumatic bereavement. The practical implications to treatment are also discussed.
Whose Public Virtue? Exploring Freedom of Information Efficacy and Support
Authors: Wagner A. Jay
Published: July 2022

Little is known about public perceptions of how FOI laws influence government operations or impact citizens’ daily lives. A large representative sample of U.S. adults was surveyed for support of FOI laws and perceptions of FOI efficacy. Findings showed advanced education and higher perceptions of general government efficacy to be strongly significant in predicting both support for FOI and greater FOI efficacy. Males and liberal respondents also demonstrated significance in predicting support for FOI and higher FOI efficacy, while individuals identifying as Black race was a significant negative predictor in support for FOI and whether FOI improved government operations and accountability.
Creating tactile graphics in school settings: A survey of training experience, competence, challenges, and future support needs
Authors: Park Jinseok , Hong Sunggye
Published: July 2022

This study investigated training experience, self-reported competence, challenges, and future support needs of Teachers of Students With Visual Impairments (TVIs) in creating tactile graphics. The researchers developed an online survey to gain information about what training the teachers previously experienced, how competent they perceived in tactile graphic creation skills, and their challenges and support needs. Almost half of the participants had no training experience in creating tactile graphics. Participants with training responded that attending conference or workshop sessions and searching online resources were relatively more helpful. The participants with more than 3 days of training experiences self-rated their competencies than those with less training. As a lack of time and resources was identified as challenges, we suggest using online tactile graphics supporting TVIs to save time and efforts for creation work across various subject areas. Supporting the needs in three-dimensional printing requires more training experiences in hardware/software skills and collaborations with experts to create realistic hands-on materials for learning of students with visual impairments.
Primary high-grade serous cancer arising from uterosacral ligament endometriosis: two case reports
Authors: Chen Ming , Zhang Yuedi , Xu Manman , Liu Duo , Yang Yang , Yao Shuzhong
Published: July 2022

Although high-grade serous cancer (HGSC) accounts for >70% of ovarian epithelial cancers, it is rarely associated with endometriosis. No previous study has reported an association between the malignant transformation of uterine ligament endometriosis and HGSC. Here, we reported two cases of Chinese female patients with HGSC arising from endometriosis in the uterosacral ligament. They had a long-term history of endometriosis and dysmenorrhea. Both were diagnosed with HGSC at stage IIB. They underwent operations and six cycles of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin and have remained disease-free to date. Genomic analysis showed no known/suspected pathogenic variations or somatic homologous recombination deficiency in the two cases. In conclusion, these rare cases of HGSC from endometriosis might indicate a new origin of ovarian type II carcinoma. Patients with a long-term history of endometriosis and sudden aggravation of dysmenorrhea or vaginal bleeding should be aware of the possibility of endometriotic malignant transformation.
The effects of prosocial lyrics music on attentional bias
Authors: Ma Xie , Hu Qijun , Xia Liu , Zhang Xinyue , Tao Yun
Published: July 2022

Music is one of the most common social media in people’s lives, and music with prosocial lyrics can promote an individual’s prosocial behaviors. The social information processing model points out that an individual’s behavior is affected by the selective processing of attentional information. This study used a spatial cue paradigm to compare the differences in attentional bias for prosocial cues between music with prosocial and neutral lyrics. The results show that music with prosocial lyrics can induce attentional engagement toward prosocial words, but not difficulty in attentional disengagement. This study revealed that individuals are more likely to pay attention to prosocial information after listening to music with prosocial lyrics, and that attention may play an important role in the impact of music on individuals’ behaviors.
Do the Big Five personality traits interact to predict life outcomes? Systematically testing the prevalence, nature, and effect size of trait-by-trait moderation
Authors: Vize Colin E , Sharpe Brinkley M , Miller Joshua D , Lynam Donald R , Soto Christopher J
Published: July 2022

Personality researchers have posited multiple ways in which the relations between personality traits and life outcomes may be moderated by other traits, but there are well-known difficulties in reliable detection of such trait-by-trait interaction effects. Estimating the prevalence and magnitude base rates of trait-by-trait interactions would help to assess whether a given study is suited to detect interaction effects. We used the Life Outcomes of Personality Replication Project dataset to estimate the prevalence, nature, and magnitude of trait-by-trait interactions across 81 self-reported life outcomes ( n ≥ 1350 per outcome). Outcome samples were divided into two halves to examine the replicability of observed interaction effects using both traditional and machine learning indices. The study was adequately powered (1 − β ≥ .80) to detect the smallest interaction effects of interest (interactions accounting for a Δ R2 of approximately .01) for 78 of the 81 (96%) outcomes in each of the partitioned samples. Results showed that only 40 interactions (5.33% of the original 750 tests) showed evidence of strong replicability through robustness checks (i.e., demographic covariates, Tobit regression, and ordinal regression). Interactions were also uniformly small in magnitude. Future directions for research on trait-by-trait interactions are discussed.
Human Value-Oriented Management: A Meta-Synthesis of Contributions by Professor S. K. Chakraborty
Authors: Kar Subhasree , Tripathi Shiv , Sahoo Deepak Kumar
Published: July 2022

The role of Indian ethos in management practices is explored by several management scholars and practitioners. Professor Sitangshu Kumar Chakraborty (popularly known as Professor S. K. Chakraborty, hereinafter referred to as SKC in this article) is one of the pioneering scholars of human value-oriented management practices and has made significant contributions in linking the management knowledge and practices to classical Indian ethos and Vedantic wisdom. In today’s technologically advanced and economically fast-paced world, there is a rising concern about falling human values in work and in personal life, which must be addressed to understand the deeper meaning of work and a higher purpose in life. SKC’s innovative approaches to human values in management education for practising managers are quite significant in this regard. This article is a sincere attempt to explore and synthesize the contributions of SKC to the human value-oriented management that evolved around the fundamental pillars of classical Indian ethos and Vedantic wisdom and the implication of those values for today’s managers to realign their managerial practices. This article is based on a bibliometric analysis of published articles drawn from secondary sources and is a tribute to the life and legacy of SKC on human value-based management.