bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿Debo tratar un síndrome coronario crónico de alto riesgo invasivamente desde el inicio? Si, en la mayoría de casos
Authors: Ortiz Zegarra César Antonio , Custodio - Sánchez Piero , Rojas De La Cuba Paol , Mori-Pinedo Gorki , Coloma-Araniya Ricardo , Gonzales-Álvarez Bertha , Nolte-Rickards Christian
Published: January 2021

El síndrome coronario crónico (SCC) previamente conocido como enfermedad coronaria estable, es la principal causa de mortalidad en el mundo; en el Perú es una de las más importantes. Esta patología presenta una naturaleza dinámica que resulta en diferentes escenarios clínicos que pueden ser modificados mediante diversas opciones terapéuticas, una de ellas es el tratamiento intervencionista coronario, principalmente en pacientes de alto riesgo isquémico definido como una isquemia mayor al 10% de toda la masa ventricular izquierda. Por esta razón analizamos la información más relevante y actual disponible para concluir que el tratamiento del síndrome coronario crónico de alto riesgo isquémico, luego de una evaluación individual, correspondería a un manejo invasivo desde el inicio que, si bien no impactarían en la mortalidad o eventos cardiovasculares, sí contribuiría a mejorar la calidad de vida, considerando, además, la incompleta disponibilidad de todas las opciones terapéuticas para el manejo sintomático de esta patología, el limitado acceso al manejo de eventos cardiovasculares agudos en nuestro medio así como el riesgo de efectos adversos e interacciones medicamentosas.
Oclusión total crónica coronaria y lesiones en bifurcaciones, lecciones del manejo contemporáneo: reporte de caso.
Authors: Uribe-Londoño Carlos Esteban , Ramirez Ramos Cristhian Felipe , Vanegas-Cardona Diego , Castilla-Agudelo Gustavo , Aranzazu-Uribe Mateo
Published: January 2021

La enfermedad coronaria que involucra las oclusiones crónicas y las lesiones en bifurcación continúa siendo un reto para el cardiólogo intervencionista. La mejora en las técnicas ha permitido tener una mayor tasa de éxito; sin embargo, la mejor estrategia de intervención es desconocida en este subgrupo de pacientes con oclusiones crónicas y lesiones en bifurcaciones asociadas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente en quien, en una angiografía por estudio de dolor torácico, se evidencia una oclusión total crónica y una lesión en bifurcación que fueron tratadas de manera exitosa por intervencionismo coronario.
Características actuales y factores de riesgo de mortalidad en Choque Cardiogénico por Infarto de Miocardio en un hospital Latinoamericano
Authors: Guzmán-Rodríguez Rosario , Polo-Lecca Gracia , Aráoz-Tarco Ofelia , Alayo-Lizana Carlos , Chacón-Diaz Manuel
Published: January 2021

Objetivo. Conocer las características clínicas y determinar los factores relacionados a mayor mortalidad en pacientes con choque cardiogénico (CC) por infarto de miocardio en un hospital de referencia peruano.

Materiales y métodos. Cohorte única prospectiva donde se evaluó la presentación, tratamiento y complicaciones de pacientes con CC por infarto de miocardio atendidos entre marzo 2019 a agosto 2020 en el Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular - INCOR. Se evaluaron los factores relacionados con mayor mortalidad hospitalaria y en el seguimiento, además del uso del score IABP shock II en la población de estudio.

Resultados. Cuarenta pacientes fueron incluidos, el 75% con CC por disfunción ventricular izquierda, la mayoría varones con edad de 75 (69-82) años. Un 50% de casos presentaron CC luego del ingreso a emergencia. Los pacientes estratificados mediante el score IABP shock II como bajo, intermedio y alto riesgo, tuvieron una mortalidad intrahospitalaria de 37,5; 71;4 y 91,6% respectivamente. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue 70%, mayor en mujeres, mayores de 75 años y en los que desarrollaron el CC durante la hospitalización. En el análisis univariado, el lactato sérico > 4 mmol/L al ingreso se relacionó con mayor mortalidad (HR:2,8; IC:1,6-3,6, p=0,009). La sobrevida hasta el término del estudio fue de 12,8%.

Conclusiones. EL CC por infarto de miocardio representa una entidad clínica de elevada mortalidad a pesar de la revascularización y el tratamiento disponible en nuestra realidad. El mayor predictor de mortalidad fue el valor de lactato sérico mayor a 4 mmol/L al ingreso. El score IABP shock II demostró ser un buen parámetro para estratificar el riesgo de muerte en nuestra población.
The Speed of Movement of Artificial Space Objects and Its Determination Using Incoherent Scatter Radar
Authors: Pulyaev Valerii , Emelyanov Leonid , Miroshnikov Artem
Published: January 2021

Methodological features of registration and separation of coherent radar reflections from space objects and elements of “space debris” operating in orbit are considered. Registration occurs against the background of signals that are scattering of the probe radio wave on particles of the ionospheric plasma. Methods of how to obtain information about the components of the velocity vector of these objects in near-earth space with the help of specialized ground-based radar facilities are analyzed. Their disadvantage is the unreliable control of weak reflections from the elements of “space debris” if they have a small (up to centimeters) scattering cross section. The authors proposed to use the existing high-energy radar installations. Using the signals after the analog-to-digital conversion generated in quadrature, it is proposed to calculate the phase characteristics of the coherent reflection. The radial velocity of the objects along the radar beam is calculated by isolating the Doppler phase difference and statistically averaging these values ​​in the time of reflection. Similarly, by analyzing the time spent in the radar beam, the velocity component associated with the horizontal movement along the Earth’s surface is calculated. Real examples are given, when in one of the observation sessions on the reflection of a signal from a space object, the phase shift in each of its periods is calculated, and then, using the formula, proposed by the authors, the vertical component of the velocity of this object is calculated. Analyzing the observation time of this object in the beam of the transmitter antenna, an example of the calculation and the component of its horizontal velocity is shown. The block diagram of the radar used to calculate the specified parameters of the movement of space objects is presented. The developed approach is an effective solution of many practical problems in those industries that ensure the operation of spacecraft, ensuring the safety of space stations, optimal placement of objects in orbit, etc.
Keywords: Incoherent scatter radar, space objects, coherent reflection, signal phase characteristics, radial and horizontal speed
Implementation of Fingerprint Assist Wending Machine with Recharge Option
Authors: Deshmukh Ankush S. , Kalamkar Bhushan S. , Jadhav Sumedh. S.
Published: January 2021

In this paper we propose an implementation technique for coffee vending machine with the goal of getting recharge option for customer using fingerprint-based authentication. We implement the proposed design based on Advance Virtual RISC (AVR) microcontroller. The circuit is tested and compared with the existing embedded technology. Among the various biometric traits (e.g., face, iris, fingerprint, voice), Fingerprint-based authentication has the longest history, and has been successfully adopted in both forensic and civilian applications. Advances in fingerprint capture technology have resulted in new large scale civilian applications. The purpose of this article is to give an overview of fingerprint-based recognition and discuss research opportunities for making these systems perform more effectively.
SIMULATION OF VSC BASED HVDC TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR THE INTEGRATION OF WINDFARM INTO GRID
Authors: R MAHALAKSHMI. , USHA P.
Published: January 2021

Wind energy has huge potential to become major source of renewable energy for the modern world. For integrating wind farms to the AC grid, HVDC transmission systems have several advantages over AC transmission systems. This paper presents the design and control of voltage source converter based HVDC system for integration of wind farms in to AC grid. The designed VSC-HVDC system performance under steady state conditions and various transient conditions are presented. The PSCAD/EMTDC software package is used for the simulation studies.
SOLAR POWERED THREE PHASE MOTOR FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS
Authors: S MOHAN , DINESH M. N.
Published: January 2021

The Power electronics plays a vital role in the conversion and control of the electrical power for various applications such as heating & lightning control, electrochemical processes, DC & AC electrical machine drives, electrical welding, active power line filtering, static var compensator and many more.The main aim of the paper is to analyze and design of a current fed push pull DC-DC boost converter to integrate three phase electric motor through inverter. The regulated output which is obtained by the developed converter is fed to a typical load side inverter, and then to the various loads. To analyze the CFPP DC-DC converter in different operating cycles. The hardware circuit will be designed to test for the required output.Among the existing DC/DC converters, current-fed push-pull (CFPP) converter is a better option owing to its voltage boosting, isolation and compact characteristics.
VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY FOR COLOR IMAGES
Authors: AO ASHWATHIMESANGLA
Published: January 2021

Visual cryptography is a secret sharing scheme for encrypting a secret image, it is a perfectly secure way that allows secret sharing without any cryptographic computation, which is termed as Visual Cryptography Scheme (VCS). In this paper secret image is divided into shares (printed on transparencies), and each share holds some information. At the receiver this shares are merged to obtain the secret information which is revealed without any complex computation. The proposed algorithm is for color host image, divided into three color planes Red, Green, Blue and merged with secret image which is binarized and divided into shares. The decoding requires aligning the result obtained by merging color host image and shares, so as to obtain the secret image.
Authentication Based on Texture Analysis And SVM Classification
Authors: Mohanty Sanjay Kumar , Pattnaik Prasant Kumar
Published: January 2021

This paper presents for identification and here used a fusion mechanism that amalgamates both, a Canny Edge detection and a Circular Hough Transform to detect the iris boundaries in the eye’s digital image. We then applied the Gabor Wavelet filter instead of using 1D Log-Gabor filter in order to exact the deterministic patterns in a person’s iris in the form of a feature vector. By comparing the quantized vectors using the Hamming Distance operator, we determine finally and for classification used Support vector Machine.
Embedded Controller in Farmers Pump by Solar Energy
Authors: Ganesh K. , Girisha S. , Kannan G. Amirtha
Published: January 2021

The primary aim of this project is to develop and atomize the solar farmers pump (water pump) considering the power supply, direct current (DC), Alternating current (AC), inverter frequency, a well, water level in the well, submersible monoblock pump. Here we introduce an advanced technique with GSM module. The solar pumps which work by utilizing the energy from the SOLAR ARRAYS and the power from the PV are stored in a battery. The power from the battery is inverted and given to the pump for irrigation. This pump is also controlled by the GSM module. The use of GSM mode is to start and stop working of pumps using mobile phone; the water level monitoring is also done by the GSM mode which this also provides the message for each hour. This is done with the embedded C in PIC16F877A microcontroller. The main advantage of this project is optimizing the power and also saving government’s free subsidiary electricity (22% of total power production in India). This proves an efficient and economy way of irrigation and this will automate the agriculture sector.
Correlation of Abnormal Pap Smears with Histopathologic Results: Philippine General Hospital Experience (2014-2017)
Authors: Argamosa Dahlia Teresa Ramirez , Ang Mark Angelo C. , Abelardo Agustina D. , Diwa1 Michele H. , Maquiling Christopher Alec A.
Published: January 2021

Objectives. To evaluate abnormal Papanicolau smear results at the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) for the past four years by comparing abnormal smear cytology with histologic interpretations. Possible causes of discrepant results were also determined.

Methods. All Pap smears released as abnormal from January 2014 to December 2017 and the corresponding available biopsies were retrieved. Discrepancy between cytologic and histology diagnosis was assessed and pairs with major discordance were reviewed.

Results. There were a total of 30,237 conventional pap smears signed out of which 239 (0.79%) were abnormal and only 56 (23%) had a subsequent tissue biopsy. The overall concordance rate is 75% while strict or absolute concordance rate is 32%. The overall discordance rate is 25%. Positive predictive value is highest for pap smears signed out as atypical glandular cells favor neoplastic (AGC-NEO) (100%), followed by malignant (93%), high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (83%), and then atypical squamous cells cannot exclude an HSIL (ASC-H) and atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS), both at 67%.

Conclusions. Considering that the Philippine General Hospital is a referral and academic center, we have a low percentage of abnormal pap smears compared to other developing countries and even a lower percentage of patients who had subsequent biopsies. Cytohistologic correlation detected interpretative as well as sampling errors, and the aim is to work on these deficiencies by improving quality assurance protocols and modifying current local practices of both pathologists and clinicians.
Effect of Personality, Power, and Emotion on Developing the 2017-2022 Philippine Health Research Agenda: A Case Study
Authors: Libunao Alejandra M. , Sales Reneepearl Kim P. , Lopez Jaifred Christian F. , Alcido Ma. Rowena H. , Geroy Lester Sam A. , Oraño Joseph V. , Estanislao Rafael Deo F.
Published: January 2021

Background. Social dynamics, specifically personalities, power dynamics, and emotions, have been shown to influence the methods, outputs, and quality of multi-stakeholder processes, especially the development of a national health research agenda.

Objective and Methods. Using a case analysis approach utilizing related conceptual frameworks, the paper determined how personalities, power dynamics, and emotions affected the research priority-setting exercise, identified lessons learned, and recommended how to effectively manage these social dynamics in consultations. Data gathering methods were participant observation and process documentation, results of which were codified and analyzed.

Results. Dominant personalities, stakeholders with power, and stakeholders that openly expressed dissatisfaction were most likely to attempt to change the methods and final outputs of the consultation, with varying level of success. Other dominant personalities used their power constructively for a smooth flow of generating and agreeing on ideas.

Conclusion. In this case, social dynamics was shown to heavily influence the decision-making process, thus underlining its importance in organizing multisectoral representation. Effectively managing social dynamics may thus have to consider building trust and respect between participants, mediating discussions, reaching a mutually beneficial solution, and establishing and implementing mutually agreed house rules. The significant role of facilitators in developing a climate for truly inclusive participation must also be recognized.
A Combination Treatment of Antioxidants, Bone Graft and Platelet-rich Fibrin Increases the Number of Osteoblasts in the Post-tooth Extraction Socket of Wistar Rats
Authors: Marlie Hengky , Apriantika Indira , Rubianto Muhammad , Maduratna Ernie
Published: January 2021

Background. Worldwide, periodontitis has the highest prevalence among the oral diseases. New medications are needed to repair the damage brought by periodontitis. Previous studies have been done to investigate agents such as antioxidants and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in oxidative stress. These studies focused on the role of antioxidants in periodontitis and other related systemic conditions. The aim of this study was to determine if antioxidants in combination with bone graft and PRF can increase the number of osteoblasts for new bone growth.

Methods. Twenty-seven (27) Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups. In the first group, the postextraction tooth socket was filled with blood (control). In the second group, the socket was filled with antioxidants and bone graft. In the third group, the socket was filled with antioxidants, bone graft, and PRF. On day 14, the rats were euthanized and the tissue fixations were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) for histologic examination of the osteoblasts. One-way ANOVA was used as statistical test.Results. Statistical test showed that there were significant differences in the number of osteoblasts in all the 3 groups (p=0.000).

Conclusion. The number of osteoblasts was significantly increased in the post-extraction tooth socket treated with a combination of antioxidants, bone graft, and PRF.
Factors Influencing Dental Caries in HIV/AIDS Patients
Authors: Palupi Retno , Sosiawan Agung , Wening Gilang Rasuna Sabdho , Ramadhani Aulia
Published: January 2021

Background. Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) / Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most significant public health challenges in Surabaya, Indonesia where the greatest number of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) among key populations is in areas served by Sememi Public Health Center. HIV-infected persons have a greater risk for developing dental caries, such as salivary gland enlargement, and decreased salivary glands function. Given the fact that PLWHA are at high risk of dental caries, utilization of dental health service among PLWHA are still low. Objective. This study aims to know the factors influencing dental caries in HIV/AIDS patients.Methods. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted on 16 HIV-seropositive individuals. They were asked to complete a WHO questionnaire concerning basic oral health and quality of life. Dental caries was assessed using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Whole stimulated saliva samples were also collected.Results. Nine out of 16 respondents had low salivary flow rate (56.3%). One patient had low DMF-T score (6.3%) and eight had high DMFT score (50%). Among seven respondents who had normal salivary flow rate (43.8%), two of whom had low DMFT score (12.5%) and five of whom had high DMFT score (31.3%).Conclusion. People living with HIV/AIDS have high DMFT and low salivary flow rate.
ANÁLISE DE MACROESTRUTURAS SINTÁTICO-SEMÂNTICAS GERADAS PELO PREDICADO NOMINAL
Authors: Busse Sanimar
Published: January 2021

Apresenta-se neste texto um roteiro de análise na tentativa de identificar estruturas que comandam o processo de argumentação no interior do enunciado. Pretende-se verificar como se organizam os processos textuais a partir da relação entre predicado nominal e as estruturas sintáticas que o ladeiam. A transposição teórica pretendida, dada no nível da frase e especificamente instaurada no léxico do verbo, é orientada para o nível macrotextual, em que o predicado nominal mostra-se nuclear, criando, porém, um ambiente para a dimensão definida com referência ao texto. Transpondo a proposição do autor, que se pauta basicamente em operadores argumentativos, entende-se que a relação núcleo e seus ladeadores representa uma pista que, de um lado, assegura os intentos do produtor do texto, e, de outro, direciona a interpretação do interlocutor. Portanto, o ato de asseveração fica na dependência das intenções do produtor do texto e revela-se por meio de estruturas sintáticas macrotextualmente definidas.
A LITERATURA AFRICANA PELO VIÉS DO LIVRO DIDÁTICO
Authors: Sousa Denise Dias de Carvalho
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre o livro didático de língua portuguesa do ensino médio, evidenciando o espaço das literaturas africanas nas propostas de leitura, análise e interpretação textual. Para tanto, tomaram-se como corpus deste estudo livros do 1º ao 3º ano (três de cada ano), a saber: 1- Português linguagens, de Willian Cereja e Thereza Magalhães (2013); 2- Ser protagonista: língua portuguesa, de Rogério de Araújo Ramos (2013), e 3- Língua portuguesa, de Roberta Hernandes Alves e Vima Lia Martin (2013).  As coleções foram investigadas tendo como base estudos teóricos, os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) do ensino médio; as Orientações Curriculares para o Ensino Médio (OCEM); o Guia de Livros Didáticos: 2015 – Língua Portuguesa do E.M. e a Lei 10.639/ 03.
NO TEMPO DOS SONHOS: A PRESENÇA DA INTERTEXTUALIDADE NA CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA NARRATIVA FICCIONAL
Authors: Hülsendeger Margarete Jesusa
Published: January 2021

No livro Sonhos de Einstein (2014), o físico, escritor e ensaísta Alan Lightman, escreve um conjunto de pequenos contos apresentando trinta diferentes mundos, nos quais o tempo é o personagem principal. Os mundos criados por Alan Lightman não estão identificados por nomes, mas por datas, abrangendo um período de dois meses – de 14 de abril até 28 de junho – de um mesmo ano, 1905. Esse recorte temporal só tem sentido para quem conhece o protagonista do que Lightman chamou “Interlúdios” – breves textos intercalados entre os contos –, o físico alemão Albert Einstein. Portanto, neste artigo foram analisados alguns desses mundos, procurando na apresentação dos contos estabelecer relações não só com outras obras artísticas, mas também com ideias oriundas da ciência e da filosofia, demonstrando que todos os textos estão ligados de alguma forma.
CONVERSAÇÃO SOBRE ÁRVORES E LINGUAGEM ATRAVÉS DO ABISMO DA HISTÓRIA: SOBRE DOIS POEMAS DE BRECHT E CELAN
Authors: GALLE Helmut Paul Erich
Published: January 2021

Comparando dois poemas de Bertolt Brecht e de Paul Celan, o artigo discute a forma como ambos autores tematizam a atitude ética do poeta e a própria linguagem lírica em relação às atrocidades históricas. O poema de Celan pode ser considerado uma paródia (séria) de Brecht, que se apropria das palavras do modelo, radicalizando a diagnóstico: o poema deve manter uma distância consciente de uma linguagem contaminada por usos inumanos.
UMA OUTRA CULTURA DE APRENDIZAGEM? Fatores determinantes para a aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras na Alemanha
Authors: VOERKEL Paul
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é uma descrição, em linhas gerais, das abordagens de aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras na Alemanha. O pano de fundo é constituído por uma política proativa de fomento às línguas, a nível europeu, que existe há mais de 40 anos e que determina tanto a forma do processo educativo quanto o valor atribuído ao domínio das línguas estrangeiras. Esta orientação ao multilinguismo é um dos fatores decisivos que facilitam a aquisição de idiomas estrangeiros pelos alemães.
Assessment of In Vitro Sun Protection Factor of Plant Extracts by Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Method
Authors: Bhandari Geeta ,   Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, SBS University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, Baurai Shruti ,   Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, SBS University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Published: January 2021

Exposure to sunlight can trigger various biological responses ranging from sun-burn, erythema to skin cancer. Synthetic sunscreen formulations available in market pose variety of adverse effects. Therefore, formulation of the herbal sunscreen formulation and evaluation of its sun protection activity is an important aspect in the cosmetic industry. The purpose of present study was to evaluate the sun protection factor (SPF) of aqueous and methanolic extract of Aloe barbadensis miller and Cocos nucifera by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy method. Methanolic extract of Cocos nucifera showed the highest SPF value (3.2) amongst all extracts. The results indicated presence of active components responsible for ultraviolet absorption which may be extracted from these plant extracts and maybe used in sunscreens preparations for better protection against sun rays.
Comparative Analysis of Gluten Content of Raw and Processed Materials
Authors: Chandra Sonaksh
Published: January 2021

Abstract-Gluten intolerance /allergies is now a silently rising problem world-wide. Gluten is a protein composite found in cereals, wheat, rice, barley and certain oat varieties. It also causes Celiac disease which is an autoimmune disease (most severe form of gluten intolerance), resulting from glutenintoleranceandisbasedongeneticintolerance. The only therapeutic treatment for the patients with gluten allergies and celiac disease is a strict gluten free diet. Rising demand for gluten free products is a task for the bakers and manufacturers to eliminate gluten completely from their products which is technically not possible. This draws the attention to the fact that mandatory analysis in this field is required. The aim of this work is to find a way to reduce the gluten content in the available materials, and also to find the source of gluten contamination after processing of raw materials. It wasnotedthatgarlicandsugarcontainingcombination were found effective and showed decrease in gluten content and that they were better additivities in the processing process than rest of others.
Membangun Framework Repository Source Code Algoritma Komputer pada Platform Web
Authors: Amrullah Amrullah , Mutasar Mutasar
Published: January 2021

Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 programmer dihadirkan platform CMS, Web builder yang mempercepat pembuatan program seperti create templete responsive/dinamis, CRUD dan grafik namun belum adanya framework untuk membangun source code pada platform web yang memecahkan alur proses pada sebuah algoritma sehingga akan membantu programmer/peneliti dalam menyelesaikan masalah aritmatika/logical proses pada sebuah algoritma/metode jika di-implementasikan kedalam source code platform web HTML, PHP, CSS. Urgensi permasalahan ini harus adanya sistem repository yang menyediakan source code algoritma komputer meliputi (expert system, data mining, decision system, artificial intelligence, kriptografi/security computer, system information, searching, image processing). Adanya repository ini akan memberikan kemudahan dalam menghasilkan source code algoritma/metode komputer untuk dapat digunakan sebagai, modify,combine, comparation, example, trying, testing , implementation, sehingga akan mudah dalam penyelesaian program penelitian dan membantu mempercepat laju skill programmer/peneliti di perguruan tinggi.
Discourses that Inform the Chilly Climate in Math and Physics
Authors: Parson Laura , Ozaki C. Casey
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to uncover and describe the institutional classroom practices of STEM education at a Midwest research university (MRU). Using the framework of feminist standpoint theory, this study explored the everyday experiences of undergraduate women in math and physics to provide a unique perspective on the STEM education teaching and learning environment. In analysis of student interviews, faculty interviews, classroom observations, and instructional documents, we found that the difficult and intimidating aspects of the teaching and learning environment that created challenges for women participants were guided by STEM discourses of individualism, competition, and difficulty. These findings indicate that recent efforts to reduce the “chilly” climate have been unsuccessful because the discourses that motivate the chilly climate have not changed. Recommendations include revising the STEM institution to one that is inclusive for non-man students by identifying and revising the teaching and learning practices motivated by the discourses of competition, individualism, and difficulty.
A Tale of Two Programs: Broadening Participation of Underrepresented Students in STEM at Loyola Marymount University
Authors: Berube David , Eubanks-Turner Christina , Mosteig Edward , Zachariah Tomas
Published: January 2021

This paper highlights two programs that successfully support underrepresented students in STEM disciplines at Loyola Marymount University (LMU). ACCESS (A Community Committed to Excellence in Scientific Scholarship) is a program that focuses on academics and critical thinking skills, which provides a threeweek residential component for incoming students and continued mentoring during their first year in college. The LMU McNair Scholars Program is one of over 150 McNair Scholars Program sites federally-funded by the U.S. Department of Education and has the overarching goal of increasing number of graduate degrees awarded to students from underrepresented segments of society. For both ACCESS and McNair, we give an overview of each program and detail about components of the programs that have led to success. In addition, we specifically address the rewards and challenges when providing mentorship at multiple levels.
STEAM Programming as a Pathway to Foster Positive Academic Self-Efficacy and Positive Self-Concept
Authors: Best Merci , Best Robin , Dickter Cheryl
Published: January 2021

Multicultural individuals are underrepresented in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Therefore, the current study is focused on exploring STEAMtrix, a STEM out-of-school time (OST) education program that incorporates the arts for kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12) students. The study explores whether STEAMtrix could lead to the formation of positive STEM-specific self-efficacy and self-concept. Specifically, the study examined whether STEAMtrix could improve multicultural students’ interest and awareness of careers within the STEM pipeline. Thirty-eight students from multicultural backgrounds at a medium-sized community center participated in STEAMtrix. Explicit measures of STEM self-efficacy and both explicit and implicit measures of self-concept were collected before and after programming. Results demonstrated that the STEAMtrix curriculum increased STEM self-efficacy in some domains and improved implicit self-concept. This study offers insight into how community organizations and school systems can promote early access, positive self-efficacy, and positive self-concept in relation to STEM educational experiences during OST.
The honor and respect of Women: A comparative study based on Quran o Sunnah and current practices in Pakistan
Authors: Naeem Dr. Gulnaz , Sadia Mahvish
Published: January 2021

Islam honors both men and women and assigns several rights and duties on both of them. These rights and duties are based on their physique and nature for a proper family setup and peaceful society. In fact, it is the great initiative of Islam that it has banned female infanticide. Similarly, it is not important that Islam allows them to get education but it is their duty to get education. In addition, proper nourishment, health and security are among basic rights of women. Above all, she is the very first school to train and educate future’s leaders. However, as the current practices of some Muslims are different from the glorious principles of Quran o Sunnah that’s why there is doubt in some minds regarding the honor and respect of women in Islam. To clarify this doubt, there are several verses in Holy Quran which show their honor and dignity. Similarly, the sayings and practices of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) are enough to respectfully deal with women either they are mothers, sisters, daughters or wives. The only issue is, to implement these injunctions and to practice them in the society.
Mariano José de Arce, primer bibliotecario
Authors: Núñez Hague Estuardo
Published: January 2021

Mariano José de Arce nació en Arequipa en 1781, en un hogar. muy modesto que pudo proporcionarle sólo escaso apoyo familiar. Pero su clara inteligencia revelada desde tempranos años en una escuela parroquial para niños pobres despertó el interés de sus maestros para destinarlo al servicio de Ia Iglesia. A comienzos de 1822, San Martín delegó el Mando Supremo en el Marqués de Torre Tagle y se alejó de Lima en procura de Bolívar. Entre las disposicionesque dejó en cartera para que su reemplazante las hiciera efectivas, estuvo la del nombramiento de Mariano José de Arce para dirigir la Biblioteca Nacional conel título de Primer Bibliotecario.
La nueva actualidad de Vigil
Authors: Basadre Jorge
Published: January 2021

Francisco de Paula González Vigil fue dos veces Director de la Biblioteca Nacional de Lima. La primera entre fines de 1836 v principios de 1838. La segunda se inició en 1845. Al empezar este nuevo período en el cargo antedicho, había abandonado ya la política nacional y la vida tacneña que tanto le preocupó entre 1826 y 1840. Entonces fue muy activa su labor en el Parlamento y en el periodismo. Famosa se hizo su acusación en 1832 en la Cámara de Diputados contra el Presidente Gamarra. Sin embargo, siguió en los años posteriores las alternativas de la vida pública nacional desde lejos; y, cuando 10 estimó conveniente, escribió varias veces acerca de eIla con la rotundidad y la franqueza en él peculiares. Su preocupación mayor fue entonces la de continuar, ahondar y publicar los escritos doctrinarios por medio de los cuales creía cumplir su más alto deber intelectual y moral.
Un testigo en la historia de la Biblioteca Nacional
Authors: .
Published: January 2021

El 23 de agosto de 1821 en afirmación del derecho de los pueblos libres, al conocimiento y acceso a la cultura, San Martín crea la Biblioteca Nacional delPerú y el 17 de setiembre de 1822 preside la solemne ceremonia de inauguración. Testigo presencial del acontecimiento fue un pequeño y valioso libro, integrante de la colección, donada por San Martin, para constituir los fondos iniciales de la institución.
Advancing on large-scale trends of apparent organic matter reactivity in marine sediments and patterns of benthic carbon transformation
Authors: Freitas Felipe S. , Pika Philip A. , Kasten Sabine , Jørgensen Bo B. , Rassmann Jens , Rabouille Christophe , Thomas Shaun , Sass Henrik , Pancost Richard D. , Arndt Sandra
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Constraining the mechanisms that control organic matter (OM) reactivity and, thus, degradation, preservation and burial in marine sediments across spatial and temporal scales is key to understanding carbon cycling in the past, present, and future. However, we still lack a quantitative understanding of what controls OM reactivity in marine sediments and, as a result, how to constrain it in global models. To fill this gap, we quantify apparent OM reactivity (i.e., model-derived estimates) by extracting reactive continuum model parameters (a and v) from observed benthic organic carbon and sulfate dynamics across 14 contrasting depositional settings distributed over five distinct benthic provinces. Our analysis shows that the large-scale range in apparent OM reactivity is largely driven by the wide variability in parameter a (10−3
Interaction of soil water and groundwater during the freezing-thawing cycle: field observations and numerical modeling
Authors: Xie Hong-Yu , Jiang Xiao-Wei , Tan Shu-Cong , Wan Li , Wang Xu-Sheng , Zeng Yijian
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Freezing-induced water migration and groundwater level decline are widely observed in regions with shallow water table, but many existing studies trying to quantify freezing-induced groundwater migration do not account for water level fluctuations induced by freezing and thawing. Here, detailed field observations of liquid soil water content and groundwater level fluctuations at a site in the Ordos Plateau, China are combined with numerical modeling to show groundwater and soil water dynamics controlled by wintertime atmospheric conditions and topographically-driven lateral groundwater inflow. By comparing simulation results with and without lateral groundwater inflow, we find lateral groundwater inflow leads to an alleviated freezing-induced water level decline and enhanced freezing-induced water migration. At the field site with a lateral groundwater inflow rate of 1.03 mm/d, compared with the case without lateral groundwater inflow, the water level decline decreases from 40 cm to 15 cm, and the increased total water content in the frozen zone enhances from 0.071 to 0.106. By calculating the budget of groundwater, the mean upward flux of freezing-induced groundwater loss is 1.46 mm/d for 93 days, and the mean flux of thawing-induced groundwater gain is as high as 3.94 mm/d for 32 days. The study enhances our understanding of the mechanisms controlling water redistribution between saturated and unsaturated zones and the water budget in the freezing-thawing cycle. The fluxes of groundwater loss and gain in the freezing and thawing stages obtained in the current study can be useful for future studies on two- or three-dimensional transient groundwater flow in semi-arid regions with seasonally frozen soils.
La construcción de la identidad profesional del docente
Authors: Prieto Parra Marcia
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo analiza la necesidad e importancia de construir la identidad profesional del docente en un contexto reflexivo. investigan. y colegiado. dado que contribuye al mejoramiento de la calidad de su ejercicio profesional y de la

formación de los estudiantes. La construcción de la Identidad profesional es un proceso -individual y colectivo- que se inicia en la formación inicial del docente y se prolonga durante todo su ejercicio profesional. La reflexión crítica permite a los futuros profesores contextualizar el proceso educativo vinculándolo con los factores socioculturales y políticos que lo condicionan. La investigación facilita la construcción de la realidad educativa desde diferentes aproximaciones y, consecuentemente, alcanzar una comprensión sistemática de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Al reflexionar e investigar los profesores recuperan la práctica de la cooperación y el trabajo colegiado, identificando y redescubriendo la riqueza y potenciamiento del sentido de comunidad. La construcción de la identidad profesional y el consiguiente desarrollo de la profesión, no es ni puede ser una tarea ajena o impuesta desde afuera sino que constituye una responsabilidad compartida entre todos los profesionales de la educación .
La formación de educadores de párvulos y su vinculación con la teoría educacional de la infancia
Authors: Alarcón Quezada Dina
Published: January 2021

Se presenta una visión panorámica de la formación de educadores de infancia en Chile como una forma de destacar las ideas y concepciones básicas que han constituido, reorientado y proyectado la teoría de la educación de este nivel en nuestro país, Pata ello se visualiza la sostenida vinculación evidenciada entre los enfoques de formación del profesional de la educación con la teoría de la misma, a través de los cien años transcurridos desde la primera experiencia en este sentido observada a nivel internacional con la creación del primer Jardín Infantil. Se identifican los esfuerzos realizados en el país por la aplicación de modelos pedagó-gicos clásicos y por la búsqueda de un enfoque de formación profesional que, sin desmerecer los orígenes universales de ella, la enriquezca, amplíe y refleje la idiosincrasia y necesidades específicas de esta infancia en nuestro país.

La intención es destacar que la educación del menor de 8 años en Chile sobrepasa el rol asistencia! invocado sistemáticamente por las políticas educacionales y que no sólo cautela su supervivencia y socialización primaria, sino que trasciende dicho rol asumiendo como su que-hacer específico el desarrollo de todos los ámbitos de la personalidad de los niños propiciando la formación de un ser pensante, integral en interacción con el medio.

Para dejar esto en claro, se comparan teorías y políticas educacionales adviniendo que, en los sistemas nacionales de educación, no siempre se percibe coherencia plena entre lo postulado por la teoría y la política que la pone en práctica.
Orientaciones de un currículo universitario de competencia, desde una perspectiva holística
Authors: Romeo Cardone Julia
Published: January 2021

El tema de las competencias en el currículo contemporáneo constituye uno de los asuntos más abordados en el mundo de hoy, tanto en Chile como en el extranjero. En este trabajo se discute el enfoque con que se opera, estimándose necesario abrirse a otras posturas, desde una perspectiva más analítica, favorecedora de contrastes que permiten tomar conciencia del significado de la(s) opción(es) por adoptar. De este modo, se plantea la existencia de orientaciones de caracteres filosofante, psicologizante, economizante y socio-politizante.
THE SCHOOL EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH PROGRAMME: TOWARDS A PRACTIONERS’ PERSPECTIVE IN THE LATIN AMERICAN CONTEXT
Authors: Sandoval-Hernández Andrés , Barrón Pastor Juan Carlos
Published: January 2021

Based on the Lakatos’ notion of research programmes, this paper analyses the structure of the School Effectiveness Research Programme as it has been developed mainly in the UK and USA, and reviews the main criticisms that have recently risen, stressing those regarding its adherence to a positivist epistemology and the lack of context-sensitive models for school effectiveness.

The paper concludes in outlining some possible basis for a new research programme which would suit better the Latin American social reality. This programme would include shifting towards a more critical epistemology and the use of a methodology and theoretical-conceptual tools that would allow the design of context-sensitive (both, micro and macro contexts) models for school effectiveness promoting a gradual inclusion of practitioners’ perspectives.
El profesor de inglés universitario
Authors: Díaz Larenas Claudio , Solar Rodríguez María Inés
Published: January 2021

Este estudio aborda, en una primera fase, las concepciones pedagógicas de un grupo de diez profesores de inglés universitarios que ejercen en una universidad privada del Consejo de Rectores de la octava región en Chile. Las concepciones pedagógicas constituyen una base conceptual, personal, subjetiva y dinámica que tiene un impacto significativo en la actuación pedagógica de estos profesores y en su concepción del cambio en educación. Mediante un estudio de caso que incorpora una entrevista semi-estructurada y observaciones no participantes, se ha indagado sobre las concepciones pedagógicas de estos profesores respecto de la enseñanza y aprendizaje del inglés en contextos universitarios.
Realidades locales y pertinencia sociocultural en proyectos de educación inicial
Authors: Pezo Orellana Luis , Führer Führer Ariel
Published: January 2021

Las políticas actuales en materia de primera infancia apuntan a un aumento significativo de la cobertura en programas de educación inicial. Ante esta situación, se hace necesaria la valoración y puesta en práctica de medidas estratégicas

que dialoguen y se ajusten a las necesidades e intereses locales, lo que introduce un criterio de pertinencia sociocultural que contribuye a mejorar la aplicación de políticas en términos de efectividad, impactos sociales y calidad educativa. En este artículo, se aportan reflexiones acerca del tema sobre la base de los resultados obtenidos en un estudio llevado a cabo en la localidad de Batuco, en donde se analizan las características del contexto local y las percepciones de las madres

respecto a la educación inicial de sus hijos.
Encountering Parallels: A Functional Overview of Piano History
Authors: Duffek Mihály
Published: January 2021

The study describes the three-hundred years’ long development of the piano from the unusual point of view of the parallels between the piano itself and the performing arts, piano pedagogy and scores editing. Each of these components has its own power to induce changes and influence development, which also gives rise to the possibility of individual development in the examined period. The topic becomes complicated when we begin to take into account the effects of these elements. We can see a complete system, where the parallels really do meet, and finally produce a high level of the art of piano music in Europe. Keywords: piano, edition of scores, piano pedagogy, piano art
The Notation of the 20th and 21st Century Choral Music
Authors: Török Ágnes
Published: January 2021

The Avant garde schools required a notation style different from the traditional one both in instrumental and vocal music. This study points to the historical background of contemporary notation and the interdependence of the graphic representation of sound and notation. The illustrations are primarily quotes selected from the Hungarian choir literature and further material is used to introduce the authentic elements used for modes of expression. Key words: choral music, contemporary musical notation, graphic elements, chance
The Social Dimensions of Listening to Music
Authors: Váradi Judit
Published: January 2021

Cultural heritage is a socially created and interpreted narrative, which becomes interpretable through cultural transfer (Sagrillo, 2018). The role of culturally creative communities in shaping and maintaining cultural constructs has always been decisive. Lasting values are determined by cultural choice. Through crossing cultural and historical boundaries, music a deeply coded discourse establishes communication at all times. The experience and emotional effects produced by music are based on previous experiences, emotional reactions, and memories. The art of listening to music has always been governed by the social norms and etiquette of the period, which also dictate the nature and quality of reception. The history of listening to music has, however, enjoyed little academic attention. Since it is an unobservable and amorphous phenomenon, it was defined as a natural receptive process for a long time. Only in recent decades has the question come into focus as various disciplines have explored short-term and long-term transformative processes to reveal the effect of social, political, and economic characteristics of several eras. Keywords: listening to music, musical experience, receiving competence, concert