bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Basti in Manasaroga - A Review
Authors: Raksha SD  , Seethadevi P
Published: November 2024

Absolute health is a constitute of a healthy mind in a healthy body. While defining health, Ayurveda clarifies the importance of maintaining the clarity of mind, the sense organs, and the body’s normal physiological functions. Ayu (life) is an amalgamation of Shareera, Indriya, Satwa, and Atma which signifies the concept of psychosomatism in Ayurveda. WHO states, “Health is a complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. The increase in the level of stress in today’s time gives a huge surge of Manovikara. In Ayurveda many references of Manas and the treatment of Manovikara are available. Manovikara is caused by vitiated Vata Dosha i.e., (Prana, Udana, and Vyana Vayu). Vata Dosha is said to be the controller and prompter of Manah. Basti Karma is the most important among Panchakarma procedures due to its multidimensional approaches. It is the major and most successful treatment modality for Vata Vikaras, Acharya Charaka mentioned Basti Karma as Ardha Chikitsa while some authors consider it as the Purna Chikitsa for Vataja Vikaras. It is effective in treating diseases of almost all Srotas where Vata Dosha is involved. Here an attempt is made to project at one place the available references of Basti Chikitsa in Manovikara.
Structural geological surveys and improvement of tectonic understating of the Pre-Ordovician/Tertiary Graben boundary in vicinity of Nicolaus Copernicus Polar Station, Svalbard
Authors: Giletycz Slawomir Jack
Published: November 2024

Researchers around the globe are on a quest to develop solutions to mitigate and prevent global warming and climate change. This includes facilitating the switch to renewable energies. Assistant Professor Slawomir Jack Giletycz, Director of the Polar Research Station in Svalbard and
part of the Structural Geomorphology Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences at National Central University in Taiwan, is interested in glacial retreat in Svalbard, Norway. As the Earth warms, glaciers are melting and land that was previously buried by glaciers is being exposed. By studying
this land, researchers can glean new insights. For example, Giletycz and his collaborators are performing geological mapping of areas that have been recently exposed to subaerial conditions due to the glacial retreat. They are working to develop new geological maps and interpret tectonic and
structural settings. The researchers are also investigating fluvial system development and surveying particular glaciers. They are using unmanned aerial vehicles to capture aerial images of entire glacier river systems and can use the images to build a digital surface model that can be used
in applications such as QGiS or ArcGiS. In the long term, they can monitor the development of glacier fluvial systems such as sediment discharge. Another focus for the researchers is conducting plaeocoast surveys of the Kaffiøyra plain in western Svalbard. Excitingly, the researchers
are the first humans to study Svalbard in this way and, through this work, they will make significant contributions to geological mapping and underpin geology, tectonics and structures.
Transcriptome amplification and fusion gene detection using ultra-trace cells derived from cytology specimens
Authors: Amemiya Kenji
Published: November 2024

Tumours are complex and despite scientific breakthroughs, there is much to be elucidated about cancer and its mechanisms. By personalising treatment, outcomes can be improved and genetic analysis is key to this as it allows genetic alterations to be identified and treatment to be precisely
targeted. Dr Kenji Amemiya is a cytotechnologist and Chief Clinical Laboratory Technician at the Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital Genome Analysis Center (GAC). He is working to better understand the complex inner landscape of cancer and therefore improve cancer detection, diagnosis and
treatment. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) specimens are typically used for genetic testing but there are drawbacks to this, including the FFPE DNA becoming damaged during the fixation process with formalin, resulting in low quality and quantity of DNA. Amemiya is collaborating
closely with Chairman of the GAC, Professor Emeritus Masao Omata. They are interested in the use of cytology samples instead of tissue samples in genome analysis, as a less invasive method. Survival rates are increased when genomic analysis is utilised in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
In one project, Amemiya, Omata and the team explored the potential of performing NGS analysis with archived cytological specimens (ACSs). They utilised an integrated NGS platform called the Oncomine Dx Target Test Multi-CDx system to compare the quantity and quality of extracted nucleic acids,
the sequencing quality control (QC) and the detected variants between ACSs and FFPE tissues. They found that the RNA integrity was higher in ACSs and there was no difference in sequencing results, compared with FFPE tissues.
Elucidation of pathophysiology of intracranial aneurysms based on metagenome analyses of oral bacteria
Authors: Koseki Hirokazu
Published: November 2024

When intracranial aneurysms occur in arteries, this can lead to weakening of the arterial wall and subarachnoid haemorrhage, which can result in death. Intracranial aneurysms can’t be diagnosed without cerebrovascular imaging tests and there are few clues to indicate their presence.
Neurosurgeon Assistant Professor Hirokazu Koseki, Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan, is looking for novel ways to predict the presence of intracranial aneurysms before they rupture. He is investigating the role of oral bacteria, which have been associated
with cerebral haemorrhage and dementia, in order to clarify the relationship between oral bacteria and aneurysms. In unprecedented work, he and the team want to map this relationship based on severity of periodontal disease and will utilise metagenomic analysis of saliva to identify the bacterial
strains that might contribute to the neuropathology. They will also take samples from the walls of the aneurysms to precisely decipher which bacterial strains can be directly associated with them. The work will enable researchers to establish simple and inexpensive targeted treatment for intracranial
aneurysms and is also anticipated to have knock-on effects, being used for the screening of inherent risk factors for the occurrence of intracranial aneurysms. Although there are known risk factors, patients without any of the risk factors can still develop intracranial aneurysms or subarachnoid
haemorrhages. Building on existing research that points to association between oral microbiology and neuropathology, Koseki is working to identify further risk factors that might help in diagnosing intracranial aneurysms in patients.
A Study on the Physiological Diversity of Hand Bathing under Different Conditions
Authors: Nakano Hajime
Published: November 2024

Achieving the best outcomes and ensuring patients are as comfortable as possible are crucial goals for healthcare professionals. Hospital stress has been linked to worsening patient outcomes and so it is important to implement methods for keeping patients calm. Targeting the autonomic
nervous system through hand bathing could provide answers. Associate Professor Hajime Nakano and his collaborators at the Faculty of Nursing, Josai International University, Japan, used precise tools to measure the heart rates of patients bathing their hands in waterbaths maintained at carefully
controlled temperatures. The researchers used a probe to non-invasively measure brain activation and found that hand bathing decreased sympathetic nervous system activity, increased parasympathetic nervous system activity and produced feelings of relaxation. Nakano and the team conducted another
study in which they activated the sympathetic nervous system in volunteers with mental arithmetic and found that hand bathing significantly suppressed the activation. This led them to posit that thermal stimulation has the potential to impact the stress responses in patients and their motivation
in a bidirectional manner, which indicated significant possibilities for clinical applications. The researchers are keen to explore how altering the temperature of the hand bath can positively impact patients and an optimum temperature be selected. The team wants to ensure that interventions
are tailored to the unique needs of patients and, as such, observed responses under different conditions and collected vast data that has enabled them to consider a research design that accommodated individual differences.
Key players join forces to advance global health
Authors: Annette Lucy
Published: November 2024

A new landmark partnership between Novo Nordisk Foundation, Wellcome and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation was announced at the Novo Nordisk Foundation’s Global Science Summit in Denmark in May 2024. The goal of the partnership is to accelerate global health research and
development (R&D). At the Summit, thought leaders and policymakers from across the world came together to discuss global health challenges and inspire innovative solutions. Ahead of the event, Mads Krogsgaard Thomsen, CEO of Novo Nordisk Foundation, said: ‘By bringing together around
150 leading experts from across disciplines, sectors and geographies, we hope to catalyse the development of new knowledge that can lead to transformative, accessible solutions for people facing disease, food insecurity and the devastation wrought by climate change’. As these challenges
are closely interconnected, their resolution requires an interdisciplinary approach. Novo Nordisk Foundation, Wellcome and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation will collaborate for three years and have each committed US$100 million to fund research for innovative solutions to overcome
health challenges. Krogsgaard Thomsen said: ‘By pooling the vast experience and unique expertise of each organization ‐ across research, technology, innovation, and enterprise ‐ we can make advances that wouldn’t otherwise be possible’. Initially, the organisations
will focus on climate and sustainability and infectious diseases, pooling their resources and knowledge to push forward research in these key areas. This will help overcome bottlenecks created by scientific research occurring in silos.
Development and validation of a self-esteem improvement program for family caregivers with dementia ‐ Utilizing ICT
Authors: Saito Yoshihiro
Published: November 2024

The sense of caregiving burden can be significant among family caring for people with dementia and can impact mental health. Research to find ways to alleviate this burden is extremely important. Dr Yoshihiro Saito, Faculty of Nursing, Reiwa Health Sciences University, Japan, is leading
a team working to develop and validate a self-esteem improvement programme designed for family caregivers of those with dementia. The project was inspired by Saito experiencing firsthand the stresses placed on family carers of people with dementia. The goal of the programme is to reduce the
self-blame of dementia family caregivers and is informed by Saito’s expertise in cognitive behavioural therapy. A key part of the programme is self-compassion in order to help caregivers realise their worth. Ultimately, the aim is that, through the programme, caregivers can be kinder
to themselves and realise the value and significance of their efforts. Alongside heading up this project, Saito is a supervisor for the Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Training Programme of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in Japan, focusing on popularising cognitive behavioural therapy
and training the next generation. In this role, he listens to and reviews recordings of cognitive behavioural therapy sessions, providing practical advice. In the context of Japan’s ageing population, there will be an increase in people with dementia and family caregivers. Therefore,
Saito's work will be hugely beneficial in assisting those with dementia, caregivers and society.
Multidisciplinary co-development of a chronic constipation management education programme for older people with dementia and the establishment of a model facility
Authors: Naito Tomoyoshi
Published: November 2024

Chronic constipation (CC) is prevalent among the elderly population and particularly those with dementia. Associate Professor Tomoyoshi Naito, School of Nursing, Seirei Christopher University, Japan, is exploring supportive care of elderly patients with dementia. He is working with
collaborators to develop a multidisciplinary CC management education programme for healthcare professionals involved with elderly patients suffering from dementia. The researchers will also build a model facility to implement and verify the impact of the programme. Part of this research concerns
gaining a more in-depth understanding of management and care techniques, based on the Japanese Chronic Constipation Treatment Guidelines from 2017, especially in relation to the diet and differentiation of chronic functional constipation. The goal is to reduce the number of painful medical
procedures by enhancing therapy, exercise therapy, lifestyle guidance and making it possible to select step-by-step drug therapy. The programme will be executed at two facilities in Japan, targeting specialist caregivers who work with elderly patients with dementia, including doctors, nurses,
pharmacists and other healthcare professionals. They will receive basic education on chronic constipation in elderly people with dementia, as well as practical training on the management of CC in addition to self-training and evaluations based on case studies. In a randomised controlled trial,
Naito sought to verify the impact of bowel training as a treatment for CC and found that, together with the training, encouraging patients to use appropriate defecation posture significantly improved the condition. This was associated with a corresponding improvement in the mental health and
wellbeing of patients and caregivers.
Development of an augmented reality (AR) glasses system for medical safety measures using artificial intelligence (AI)
Authors: Tanaka Kohei
Published: November 2024

Medical errors are not generally disclosed but they do happen and vary in severity. By prioritising patient safety, Dr Kohei Tanaka, a clinical engineer from the Tokyo University of Technology, wants to find a solution for preventing medical errors or, at the very least, ensuring they
don’t escalate into serious incidents. The solution Tanaka is working on combines artificial intelligence (AI) with augmented reality (AR) glasses. The idea is that the glasses will provide medical professionals with accurate and reliable information at critical times. By providing them
with rapid access to real-time data, the expectation is that this will reduce critical errors. As part of the validation process, newly qualified nurses will compare current training methods with training using his AR glasses and also complete a questionnaire on the viability of the glasses.
So far, the researchers have been able to verify the retention of data provided through the glasses for a period of about three months and believe large-scale verification will reveal the mechanism of long-term memory in the future. By providing accurate, up-to-date information in a visual
(still images and video) and auditory format, the glasses assist with the rapid delivery of critical data. However, there remain question marks regarding how much data can be effectively presented to the operator at the point of use as information overloading is to be avoided. The system included
a voice-synthesised text reading guide as well as the display through the bone conduction earpiece within the device, which means the user can continue with the procedure while listening to the voice guide, reading reliance on visuals and thereby increasing safety.
Terminal care of villages
Authors: Choi Heewon
Published: November 2024

Japan’s population is declining and experts believe that the loss of some declining villages will have a nationwide impact. To tackle this, new planning theories are crucial. At the Department of Architecture, National Institute of Technology, Oyama College, Associate Professor
Heewon Choi has been exploring the concept of ‘terminal care of villages’. He believes it is important for planners from government agencies to work with the local community to make decisions about the future of such villages and that this will also help other countries experiencing
population-related challenges. Choi believes that end of life care is something that urban entities should receive and that related decisions should be made by the local community from the region in question rather than by experts, based on data. Choi is seeking to define the need for terminal
care of villages and will achieve this by analysing objective data and the structure of the decision-makers in village planning. The data collected by Choi and the team includes geographic information system (GIS) data, population data and spatial-data acquired through questionnaires, interviews
and workshops. Once the large bank of data was collated across numerous locations, the researchers were able to perform statistical analyses. Choi has encountered challenges in the form of disseminating the idea of ‘terminal care of villages’ among Government officials and fellow
researchers who have questioned the ways in which Choi’s policy is novel. But where existing policies aim to provide livelihood support for residents and boost newcomer numbers, Choi’s concept focuses on supporting struggling villages with a view to eventual closure of the settlement.
Exploring the Impact of Malaysia's Culinary Heritage on Tourism and Economic Development
Authors: Ahmad Shariff Siti Nor Fadillah , Omar Massyittah , Jalis Mohd Hairi , Indriastuti Maya
Published: November 2024

Local cuisine, including culinary heritage, is frequently seen as the foundation of destination/place marketing strategies to forge strong local economies and foster a sense of destination/place. This research investigates the culinary heritage themes, focusing on a multi-ethnic country like Malaysia, to market the country in driving local tourism industry and economic growth. A comprehensive analysis of academic literature triangulated with secondary data was employed in this research. Results indicated that local flavours are often highlighted to promote Malaysia’s culinary heritage and identity. Hence, future research could delve deeper into marketing strategies within the multi-ethnic, place/destination, and culinary heritage tourism industries.
User Satisfaction of Accessibility to Public Transportation
Authors: Abdul Rahman Rima , Mohd Noor Harifah , Imang Ubong , Tartaglia Mario
Published: November 2024

This study evaluates user satisfaction with the bus in urban areas to improve public transportation services. Thus, bus facilities, bus accessibility, safety, and fare are critical dimensions for investigating user satisfaction when accessing buses in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. A total of 450 questionnaires were collected using a descriptive design and quantitative approach. The results show that the factors that need to be emphasized are bus accessibility and public transport facility factors. This study assists transportation authorities in addressing low-satisfaction areas to improve bus services and enhance overall public transportation use.
Management of Kemiren Tourist Village Based on Culture in Banyuwangi Regency
Authors: Rohimah  , Anom I Putu , Sudiarta I Nyoman , Suardana I Wayan
Published: November 2024

The tourism sector drives Indonesia's economy, utilizing cultural diversity for development and preservation. Village tourism focuses on rural experiences, emphasizing cultural, natural, and creative attractions. Kemiren Village in Banyuwangi, East Java, is known for preserving Osing heritage through traditional customs, attracting more tourists, especially during events like the Tumpeng Sewu festival. Challenges in managing cultural-based tourism include the need for professional and sustainable practices to benefit the local community and attraction owners. Further research is essential to create a sustainable model for cultural tourism management in Kemiren Village.
A Framework for Sociodemographic Analysis and Disease Severity among Children during COVID-19
Authors: Abu @ Abu Bakar Azlina , Mohd Shahid Nadiatul Syima , Azmi Alia , Sulistyorini Lilis
Published: November 2024

Rapidly spreading infectious diseases pose a significant public health risk, necessitating immediate action to prevent the disease at the societal level. Regardless of the disease phases, both pandemics and endemics transition threatened children’s health. The complex interactions between social health determinants and urbanization may impact new and reemerging infectious diseases, which necessitates specific intervention and management. Post-COVID-19 communities reported infected children with mild or severe symptoms in developed and developing countries. This research proposed a conceptual framework and structured analysis for determining the sociodemographic characteristics and severity of COVID-19 among children in Melaka during pandemic and endemic transition phases.
Educational Zakat Aid in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Johari Mohd Erfino , Anas Norazmi , Ali Mohd Marzuki , Mohd Noor Mohd Syukri , Mohamed Noh Abd Munir , Al Bakour Fawzi
Published: November 2024

Misusing educational zakat aid challenges higher education institutions (HEIs). Thus, a qualitative case study was conducted using a semi-structured interview with selected Malaysian zakat experts to identify the concept of educational zakat aid from the Islamic perspective and among the HEI students in Malaysia. The findings showed that the educational zakat aid is a form of Islamic principle's social justice implementation, grounded on the needs of prioritized asnaf students who face difficulties in payments of tuition fees, cost-of-living funds, learning equipment, medical assistance, emergency assistance, natural disaster assistance, additional academic aid, as well as mobility fee funding.
Drainage Fluid Amylase as a Biomarker for the Detection of Anastomotic Leakage After Low Anterior Resection of Rectal Cancer: A Two-center Study
Authors: ISHIYAMA YASUHIRO , HIRANO YASUMITSU , YAMATO MISUZU , AKUTA SOHEI , YOSHIZAWA MASATOSHI , FUJII TAKATSUGU , OKAZAKI NAOTO , HIRANUMA CHIKASHI , SAKURAMOTO SHINICHI
Published: November 2024

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the utility of measuring amylase levels in drainage fluid (DFA) for early, non-invasive detection of anastomotic leakage (AL) in undergoing low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer. Patients and Methods: This prospective observational cohort study analyzed drainage fluid samples from patients who underwent LAR for rectal cancer at two medical centers between February 2021 and December 2023. DFA levels were measured on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, and 5. AL was confirmed by clinical evidence and radiological imaging. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of DFA. Results: Of 120 LAR cases, AL occurred in five (4.16%). DFA levels on POD 3 and 5 were significantly higher in the AL than in the non-AL group (p<0.0001). DFA on POD 5 had the highest diagnostic accuracy for early AL detection, with an area under the curve of 0.99, achieving 100% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity at a cutoff of 846 U/l. A DFA >846 U/l predicted AL with negative predictive and positive predictive values of 83.3% and 100%, respectively, on POD 5. Conclusion: Measuring DFA is a non-invasive, simple and cost-effective method for early AL detection in patients with rectal cancer undergoing LAR. Our findings also suggested that drain placement may be useful for the early detection of AL through DFA measurement.
Los muertos de la pandemia: Una mirada optimista
Authors: Sánchez Álvaro
Published: November 2024

A partir de la declaratoria de pandemia el 11 de marzo de 2020 por parte del director general de la Organización Mundial de la Salud - OMS, la humanidad adquirió una condición inédita para ese entonces los casos reportados de COVID-19 se habían multiplicado por 13 fuera de la República Popular de China, más de 118.000 casos en 114 países y 4.291 personas habían perdido la batalla contra la enfermedad ; el responsable de dicha promulgación fue la presencia de un virus de medidas no mayor a doscientos nanómetros, el cual requiere de un huésped, para generar muerte y efectivamente ocasionó una de las más grandes lamentaciones colectivas experimentadas por el mundo, en los últimos tiempos.
Comportamiento de los determinantes sociales de la salud en venezolanas migrantes gestantes en Colombia
Authors: González Arango Marco Tulio , Amador Ahumada Concepción Elena
Published: November 2024

Objective: Establish the social determinants of health in pregnant migrant women from Venezuela settled in a city in Colombia.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, where the social determinants of health were analyzed in 79 pregnant migrant women who attended the prenatal control program of a health institution, through data from primary and secondary sources (structured survey and medical records records).
Results: It was found that 87% of these women had an irregular migratory situation, 97.5% are not insured in the Colombian health regime, 67% do not have a vaccination regimen and 79.7% do not consume the essential micronutrients during pregnancy. About their stay in Colombia, 89.8% experienced treatment compatible with xenophobia and 60.7% discrimination based on gender. Also 96% of those surveyed consider that their life are in danger due to the conditions and 69% feel dissatisfied with the Colombian migratory care network.
Conclusions: The results show the negative health conditions of pregnant women who migrate under forced conditions, making it necessary to recognize this situation as a public health problem and strengthen support networks in countries that receive forced migratory people, guaranteeing a comprehensive and differentiated care for all migrants, especially those who belong to populations with a high degree of vulnerability, such as pregnant women.
Relación de las corrientes del pensamiento con el concepto de salud emitido por Georges Canguilhem
Authors: Pérez Dulima , Ascendra Asleidy , Zuleta M Bertha , Monterroza C Yudis
Published: November 2024

Antes de pretender establecer una posible relación de las corrientes del pensamiento con el estatuto epistemológico del concepto de salud de Georges Canguilhem, es necesario mencionar aspectos relevantes de la biografía de este autor, Georges Canguilhem (1904-1995) fue un filósofo francés e historiador de la ciencia, siendo profesor de filosofía realiza sus estudios de medicina por razones filosóficas y no médicas, su tesis de grado como médico fue “la visión crítica de lo normal y lo patológico” según Lecourt, Canguilhem no tenía en un principio, afanes epistemológicos respecto a la medicina, quería más bien tener claridad sobre la técnica, o más bien el arte médico (1). Fue formado bajo la influencia del idealismo Kantiano de sus maestros (Lagneau y Alain), con el pasar del tiempo, cambió su trayectoria y se separa del idealismo de Kant pero conserva alguno de sus motivos inspiradores (2).
Prácticas para el cuidado apropiado en el hogar en menores de 5 años que realizan padres y/o cuidadores
Authors: Marsiglia-López Diana , Ruidíaz-Gómez Keydis , Cuello-Sierra Alberto Elías , Madero-Zambrano Kendy
Published: November 2024

Objective. Evaluate the application of the Integrated Care for Childhood Illnesses (ICCI) strategy in Cartagena, for the appropriate care at home (component 3). Materials and methods. Descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional research study, with a sample of 323 parents and/or caregivers, the questionnaire on key practices of the ICCI strategy was applied. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of the information. Results. 37.2% of the parents offer breast milk and other liquids during an illness and only 22% offer it exclusively. Within the complications to feed during a disease, the most representative sign was: lack of appetite with 60.7%, home remedies are administered with high frequency 81.1%, the most common infusions being chamomile (41.8%) and lemon balm (28.8%). The strategies to correct children’s behavior were: talks to them (61.9%), scolds them (57.9%) and hits them (43.7%). Lastly, the frequent strategies to avoid accidents are plug covers (40.6%) and avoiding kitchen access (45.8%). Finally, home care practices and the type of caregiver (father and mother) were not statistically significant. Conclusions. The evaluated practices in regard to the appropriate care component at home of child under five years old in a community of Cartagena, are not practiced satisfactorily.
Keywords: Child Care, Child Health Services, growth and development
La salud como derecho, avances y desafíos en personas con discapacidad en América Latina
Authors: Piragauta-V Natalia , Casallas-M Ana Lucia , Buitrago-E María Teresa
Published: November 2024

Objective: To describe the progress on the right to health of people with disabilities in Colombia and other countries in Latin America. Materials and Methods: A review of the available documents covering the right to health for disabled population in Latin America, published between 2010 and 2020 was carried out. Results: It was found that there is a noticeable heterogeneity in the conception and approach of the documentation found to address the right to health on population with disabilities, partly due to the conception of disability, which continues being a biomedical approach rather than the biopsychosocial approach. Conclusions: The right to health is one of the most violated one in the disabling population, affected by restrictions such as barriers to access for services and by the non-coverage of needs, therefore, affecting quality of life and provoking its declining. The contribution of this review is to persist on the need to move forward in a coordinated and consensual way standardizing criteria allowing exhaustive diagnoses and to unify the regional perspective regarding this issue,  enabling a dynamic vision including changes over time, in the coverage of this right as well.
Síndrome Poliglandular Autoinmune: Revisión de una condición clínica subestimada
Authors: Dulcey S Luis Andrés , Theran Juan Sebastián , Caltagirone Raimondo
Published: November 2024

Objective: Literature review about the  autoimmune polyglandular syndrome from the epidemiological and clinical-therapeutic point of view. Materials and Methods: A detailed scientific literature searching was done from the last 30 years including the terms Autoimmune Diseases, Endocrinology, Genetics, Genetic Counseling, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome through the Pubmed database. 50 references in English of the greatest impact were selected. Results: Polyglandular autoimmune syndromes are multifactorial diseases with at least two coexisting autoimmune-mediated endocrinopathies. In most endocrinopathies, the autoimmune process causes an irreversible loss of glandular function. Juvenile or type I is monogenetically inherited, while in adult patients several susceptibility polymorphism genes occur. This is relevant for a timely diagnosis at early stages in the detection of polyglandular autoimmunity in patients with monogranular autoimmune disease and/or patients with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome with first-degree relatives. In adults, the most prevalent form is the combination of type 1 diabetes with autoimmune thyroid disease. Conclusions Early detection of specific autoantibodies and specific latent risk organ dysfunction is recommended to alert those who manage this type of patients, as well as an appropriate genetic counseling.
Caracterización del estadio renal e identificación de comorbilidades asociadas a enfermedad renal crónica en Antioquia, 2019-2021
Authors: Pismag C Aida L. , Flórez Z Valentina , Mercado E Erika Y. , Jaramillo A Patricia E. , Mesa S Manuela
Published: November 2024

Objective: To characterize renal stages and identify comorbidities associated with chronic kidney disease in a population over 50 years old. Materials and methods: We used a descriptive, cross-sectional study based on bivariate analysis with description of quantitative and qualitative variables, in 88 clinical histories of patients from the renal unit of two health institutions in Antioquia. Results: it was found that 80, 6% of patients presented anemia with a decreased hemoglobin (mean 9.56 g/dL); the most frequent comorbidities were: hypertension in 81.8% of the participants, diabetes 45.5%, dyslipidemia 29.5%, smoking 20.5% and obesity 12.5%. Stage 5 was the most common in the target population. Conclusion: In the study population the most common comorbidities were presented with the following frequency: hypertension 65.09%, diabetes 30.09%, chronic renal disease predominated in those up of 60 years of age on stage 5, which was the prevalent. Normocytic normochromic anemia was evidenced in most patients.
Salud pública y salud colectiva. ¿Ejes diferenciadores o complementarios?
Authors: Sánchez Caraballo Álvaro
Published: November 2024

El hombre como ser social a través de todo su proceso histórico evolutivo ha tenido una conexión indisoluble con el medio ambiente y de especial condición como éste ha influido en su salud. Precisamente, esa misma relación intrínseca, es la que ha posibilitado avances en el desarrollo todos los campos de la ciencia y desde luego, los cambios profundos que se han propiciados por los avances en el desarrollo científico; la ciencia a través de sus diversas disciplinas ha contribuido en la construcción no sólo teórica sino también operativa de la salud y desde luego de la salud pública, la cual se ha moldeado teóricamente en una serie de soportes conceptuales en procura del bienestar del colectivo. Sin embargo, estas columnas teóricas no están exentas de tensiones y contradicciones sino también de reputaciones contextuales, históricas y sociales (1).
Abordaje integral de la persona geriátrica en la atención primaria en salud
Authors: Manjarrez-Montes Jesús Alberto , Horta-Gómez Catalina Luz
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Consolidar la evidencia científica validada para la valoración de la persona adulta mayor con el fin de un abordaje integral durante el proceso de atención primaria en salud. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura centrada en la investigación de los últimos 10 años en relación con las técnicas y escalas para la evaluación integral del usuario geriátrico en atención primaria, utilizando criterios de búsqueda predefinidos y análisis estructurado al consultar las tres principales bases de datos de información médica. Resultados: las técnicas y escalas de valoración del usuario geriátrico identificadas se consolidan en dos categorías: calidad de vida y morbilidad percibida; en ellas es de relevancia la necesidad de aplicación de las herramientas diagnósticas para la evaluación detallada del estado funcional, movilidad y estado nutricional para una atención primaria efectiva. Discusión: La evaluación integral permite resolver problemas de salud menores que se expresan como síntomas aislados de malestar, dolor, incomodidad en general asociados al funcionamiento de los órganos y sistemas corporales, los cuales interactúan en el sujeto afectando los sistemas corticales; lo anterior conduce a deterioro de la percepción de calidad de vida al estar asociándose con síntomas afectivos como depresión, tristeza, minusvalía; al identificar y tratar la causa de estos trastornos menores abordando sus necesidades específicas se mejora la calidad de vida y el bienestar de los adultos mayores. La revisión destaca la necesidad de mantener un enfoque integral y holístico para optimizar el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las condiciones médicas subyacentes. Conclusión. En Atención Primaria en Salud (APS) es fundamental el abordaje integral de las condiciones de vida y salud de los sujetos en la edad de adulto mayor.
Trastorno por estrés post traumático: Efecto neuropsiquiátrico del conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Zapata Suárez Zakira
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Analizar desde la neuropsiquiatría el efecto del conflicto armado y violencia en los últimos 50 años sobre la salud mental de los residentes en zonas en conflicto. Metodología: El tipo de estudio es descriptivo retrospectivo utilizando la estrategia de revisión bibliográfica. Se utilizó como población de referencia información localizada en 18 libros, 12 bases de datos, 154 artículos, revistas, 37 informes y 64 registros web de sitios oficiales. Resultados: El estrés post traumático de las personas residentes en áreas de conflicto armado es un efecto que tiene fundamentada su base en las teorías neurobiológicas relativas a la actividad o rol de la corteza cerebral, por cuanto la exposición continuada al estresor altera la conectividad  funcional y la sincronización (neuroadaptación, neuroinflamación, cambios metabólicos y estructurales a nivel de la corteza cerebral), todo lo cual altera el sistema neural generando disturbios funcionales en la secuencia de las actividades mentales con lo cual se presentan las manifestaciones de las alteraciones en la conducta. Conclusiones: Bajo la exposición a riesgos de morir o de ver morir a otros, los sistemas de interacción ambiente-individuo son percibidos como negativos, lo cual altera la bioquímica y funcionamiento corporal perjudicando la prospección de los individuos al ser éstos dinámicos, permanentes y bidireccionales
Aspectos normativos y técnicos claves para la vinculación de emprendedores del sector hortofrutícola a cadenas de valor de alimentos procesados
Authors: Prada Forero Luz Esperanza , Botina Azain Blanca Lucía , Moreno Rodríguez Jenny Milena , Guatava Redondo Camila Alexandra , Aya Rodríguez Jorge Eduardo , García Muñoz María Cristina
Published: November 2024

Las frutas y hortalizas tienen un rol determinante en la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional (SAN). Su consumo habitual se asocia a un menor riesgo de enfermedad y mortalidad, así como a la prevención de la depresión, la ansiedad y enfermedades crónicas, como la diabetes o el cáncer. Por su aporte de vitaminas, minerales y compuestos funcionales permiten alcanzar una alimentación saludable, por lo que su demanda es permanente y tienen gran mercado en diferentes presentaciones y estados. En general, las frutas y hortalizas se comercializan en fresco sin la aplicación de buenas prácticas de manejo lo que, aunado a la sobreproducción en época de cosecha, contribuyen con el 62 % de las pérdidas de los alimentos. Como alternativa para la reducción de pérdidas surge el procesamiento como una opción viable para que los productores accedan a otros mercados, ofrezcan productos con agregación de valor, de mayor vida útil y mayor concentración de compuestos activos, con lo que se mejoran sus márgenes de rentabilidad. No obstante, para que esta alternativa sea viable, rentable y sostenible, es importante que los emprendedores rurales que incursionen en la producción de alimentos procesados conozcan y apliquen la normativa y cuenten con tecnologías que les permitan aumentar las posibilidades de éxito.
Technology Readiness Level and Self-Reported Health in Recipients of an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rosenmeier Natasha , Busk David , Dichman Camilla , Nielsen Kim Mechta , Kayser Lars , Wagner Mette Kirstine
Published: November 2024

Background

Approximately 200,000 implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are implanted annually worldwide, with around 20% of recipients experiencing significant psychological distress. Despite this, there are no ICD guidelines addressing mental health as part of rehabilitation programs, which primarily focus on educating patients about their condition and prognosis. There is a need to include elements such as emotional distress, social interactions, and the future use of technologies like apps and virtual communication in ICD rehabilitation, without increasing the burden on health care professionals.

Objective

This study aimed to demonstrate how data from the Readiness for Health Technology Index (READHY), combined with sociodemographic characteristics and exploratory interviews, can be used to construct profiles of recipients of an ICD, describing their ability to manage their condition, their need for support, and their digital health literacy. This aims to enhance health care professionals’ understanding of different patient archetypes, serving as guidance in delivering personalized services tailored to the needs, resources, and capabilities of individual recipients of ICDs.

Methods

Overall, 79 recipients of an ICD participated in a survey assessing technology readiness using the READHY. The survey also collected sociodemographic data such as age, sex, and educational level. Self-reported health was measured using a Likert scale. Cluster analysis categorized participants into profiles based on their READHY scores. Correlations between READHY scores and self-reported health were examined. In addition, qualitative interviews with representatives from different readiness profiles provided deeper insights.

Results

Four technology readiness profiles were found: (1) profile 1 (low digital health literacy, insufficient on 5 dimensions), (2) profile 2 (sufficient on all dimensions), (3) profile 3 (consistently sufficient readiness on all dimensions), and (4) profile 4 (insufficient readiness on 9 dimensions). Participants in profile 4, characterized by the lowest readiness levels, were significantly younger (P=.03) and had lower self-reported health (P<.001) than those in profile 3. A correlation analysis revealed that higher READHY scores were associated with better self-reported health across all dimensions. Qualitative interviews highlighted differences in self-management approaches and the experience of support between profiles, emphasizing the essential role of social support toward the rehabilitation journeys of recipients of an ICD. Two patient vignettes were created based on the characteristics from the highest and lowest profiles.

Conclusions

Using the READHY instrument to create patient profiles demonstrates how it can be used to make health care professionals aware of specific needs within the group of recipients of an ICD.
Exploring the Accuracy of Ab Initio Prediction Methods for Viral Pseudoknotted RNA Structures: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Medeiros Vasco , Pearl Jennifer , Carboni Mia , Zafeiri Stamatia
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

The prediction of tertiary RNA structures is significant to the field of medicine (eg, messenger RNA [mRNA] vaccines, genome editing) and the exploration of viral transcripts. Though many RNA folding software programs exist, few studies have condensed their locus of attention solely to viral pseudoknotted RNA. These regulatory pseudoknots play a role in genome replication, gene expression, and protein synthesis.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to explore 5 RNA folding engines that compute either the minimum free energy (MFE) or the maximum expected accuracy (MEA), when applied to a specified suite of viral pseudoknotted RNAs that have been previously confirmed using mutagenesis, sequence comparison, structure probing, or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

METHODS

The folding engines used in this study were tested against 26 experimentally derived short pseudoknotted sequences (20-150 nt) using metrics that are commonplace while testing software prediction accuracy: percentage error, mean squared error (MSE), sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), Youden’s index (J), and F1-score. The data set used in this study was accrued from the Pseudobase++ database containing 398 RNAs, which was assessed using a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Base pairings within a given RNA sequence were deemed correct or incorrect following Mathews’ parameters.

RESULTS

This paper reported RNA prediction engines with greater accuracy, such as pKiss, when compared to previous iterations of the software and when compared to older folding engines. This paper also reported that when assessed using metrics such as the F1-score and the PPV, MEA folding software does not always outperform MFE folding software in prediction accuracy when applied to viral pseudoknotted RNA. Moreover, the results suggested that thermodynamic model parameters will not ensure accuracy if auxiliary parameters, such as Mg2+ binding, dangling end options, and hairpin-type penalties, are not applied.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first attempt at applying a suite of RNA folding engines to a dataset solely comprised of viral pseudoknotted RNAs. The observations reported in this paper highlight the quality between difThis is the first attempt at applying a suite of RNA folding engines to a data set solely comprising viral pseudoknotted RNAs. The observations reported in this paper highlight the quality between different ab initio prediction methods, while enforcing the idea that a better understanding of intracellular thermodynamics is necessary for a more efficacious screening of RNAs.ferent ab initio prediction methods while enforcing the idea that a better understanding of intracellular thermodynamics is necessary for a more efficacious screening of RNAs.
Virtual Reality for Pediatric Postoperative Pain Management: Exploring Methods and Efficacy – Narrative Review (Preprint)
Authors: Kalsotra Sidhant , Froass Dillon , Gupta Aneesha , Amaya Sebastian , Tobias Joseph D. , Olbrecht Vanessa A.
Published: November 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Ineffective postoperative pain management is associated with several negative consequences, including increased morbidity, impaired physical function and quality of life, delayed recovery, prolonged opioid use during and after hospitalization, and increased healthcare costs. Traditional pain management therapies, including pharmacological interventions, have several drawbacks, particularly in children, with growing concerns over long-term opioid abuse. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for pain management in various clinical settings. VR technology immerses individuals in computer-generated environments, providing them with multisensory experiences that can distract and engage their attention, ultimately reducing their perception of pain. Evidence from various studies demonstrates beneficial effects of using VR for pediatric pain management, with improvements in pain outcomes, including decreased pain intensity and pain symptoms, as well as reduced need for rescue analgesia. Throughout this review, we address the major concepts related to VR, the use of VR in differing clinical situations, various VR-based therapy methods, and the practicality of VR to alleviate pain, as well as several key findings to date and future directions.