bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Educational Equity
Authors: Habinshuti Gonzague , Koutras Spyros , Bizimana Benjamin
Published: October 2024

This research addresses the challenges militating the transition of deaf learners from secondary education to higher education in Rwanda. The specific objectives are to conduct an in-depth analysis of the existing challenges militating the transition of deaf learners from secondary to higher education in Rwanda, evaluate the effectiveness of existing inclusive policies, investigate the extent to which inclusive policies in Rwanda, and formulate context-specific measures for facilitating the transition of deaf learners from secondary education to higher education. The study will employ a mixed methods approach, combining surveys, interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis. The research sample will comprise 96 individuals, including deaf graduates from secondary school, educators, policymakers, parents, and advocacy groups. Findings are expected to facilitate policy reform, improve educational practices, and empower deaf learners, fostering a more inclusive and equitable educational system.
Divergent Paths
Authors: Al Badawi Habib
Published: October 2024

This study provides a comparative analysis of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 and Lebanon's development challenges in the 21st century, examining the factors behind Saudi Arabia's progress in implementing its ambitious vision and the systemic issues hindering Lebanon's growth. The research explores governance, economic policies, social reforms, and geopolitical influences in shaping these divergent paths. By analyzing key factors such as natural resource management, institutional capacity, political stability, and strategic planning, the study highlights the critical roles of vision, leadership, and institutional capacity in driving sustainable development. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers in the Middle East and other developing regions, enhancing the understanding of effective development strategies in diverse socio-economic contexts.
Healthcare Disparities and Access to Medical Services
Authors: Moustafa Housam Fahed
Published: October 2024

This chapter delves into the significant variations in healthcare and medical quality and accessibility and availability across the Middle East region between the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and some of its neighboring countries. This approach compares the countries, highlights the factors contributing to this disparity, and explores the root causes of these disparities. These factors include economic inequality and GDB, social factors such as habits and traditions, political and security instability with its accompanying incidents, geographic barriers and terrain characteristics, and the different plans for present and potential investments in healthcare infrastructure. The study will employ a comparative analysis methodology, examining both quantitative and qualitative data from various sources, including government reports, academic literature, and international health organizations. The insights gained can inform policy decisions, resource allocation, and healthcare interventions. They will also work on decreasing, as much as possible, the healthcare disparities between them.
Migration and Its Effects on Regional Development
Authors: Nabulsi Hussein
Published: October 2024

The chapter explores the profound impact of migration on region's development. It analyzes both the internal and external migration patterns and their implications on economic growth, labor markets, demographic changes, and social structures. The chapter also addresses the role of remittances, the brain drain phenomenon, and the integration of migrants into host communities, providing a nuanced understanding of how migration shapes regional development and contributes to the broader developmental landscape of the west, European, and Middle East countries. The aim is to illustrate the impact of migration in motivating young people in light of the stifling crisis and the undeclared economic siege, which has had a major impact on the increase in youth anxiety about their future, high unemployment rates, and their suffering due to the state's policy and successive governments, poor leadership, and failure to organize capabilities and programs to enable them to work, to move the country towards sustainable economic, social, health, and environmental development.
Introduction to Labor Market Dynamics and Employment Inequality
Authors: Awad Ghina
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores labor market dynamics and employment inequality, providing a comprehensive analysis of the factors that shape labor markets and contribute to disparities in employment opportunities. delving into the theoretical frameworks that underpin labor market analysis, including supply and demand, human capital theory, and labor market segmentation. Key themes include the structural changes in labor markets driven by globalization, technological advancements, and demographic shifts. This chapter examines how these changes influence employment patterns, job quality, wage disparities, and occupational mobility. Special attention is given to the role of education and skills development in enhancing employability and reducing inequality.
The Role of International Aid and Development Assistance
Authors: Zeineddine Ali
Published: October 2024

The Middle East is a region marked by profound developmental disparities, shaped by a complex interplay of historical, political factors. This chapter examines the role of international aid and development assistance in addressing these disparities, focusing on both the successes and challenges of such interventions. It provides a historical overview of aid strategies, from post-colonial reconstruction to contemporary sustainable development initiatives, highlighting key theories such as dependency theory, modernization theory, and neoliberalism. The chapter explores the impact of major international organizations, including UN agencies, the World Bank, and various non-governmental organizations (NGOs), on the region's development. Through case studies of countries like Lebanon, Iraq, and Yemen, it analyzes the effectiveness of aid in promoting stability, economic growth, and social development. The chapter concludes by discussing the future of international aid in the Middle East, offering recommendations for enhancing its impact in addressing the region's ongoing challenges.
Systemic Shocks and Their Impact on the Confidence of Beirut Residents in the Performance of the Lebanese Government
Authors: Khalil Laure Abi
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the impact of the systemic shocks that occurred in Lebanon in 2020 on the behavior of Beirut citizens, particularly concerning the lockdown policy implemented by the Lebanese government during the COVID-19 pandemic to mitigate the risk of infection. A sample was taken to study citizens' trust in government decisions during the quarantine period and to track changes in their behavior after the three systemic shocks they experienced within a year. Following these systemic shocks, health policies, especially lockdown measures in Lebanon, were not as effective as expected. This indicates the inefficacy of the lockdown policies imposed by the government, which lasted for an extended period and were disrupted by systemic shocks, hindering sustainable development.
Reducing Developmental Disparities in the Middle East
Authors: Mokdad Mohamad
Published: October 2024

The chapter explores strategic policy interventions aimed at bridging the developmental gaps prevalent across the Middle Eastern region. This analysis delves into the root causes of developmental disparities, encompassing economic, social, and political dimensions. By examining successful policy models and tailoring them to the unique socio-economic landscapes of Middle Eastern countries, this chapter provides a comprehensive framework for policymakers. Key recommendations include fostering inclusive economic growth, improving access to quality education and healthcare, enhancing governance and institutional capacities, and promoting regional cooperation. This chapter underscores the importance of holistic, evidence-based policy approaches that are adaptable and resilient to the dynamic challenges faced by the region. Through a combination of theoretical insights and practical examples, this work aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on sustainable development and equitable growth in the Middle East.
Resistance of the Steel Lap Joints Connected by Spot Welding and Brazing
Authors: Both Ioan , Ungureanu Viorel , Burca Mircea , Popescu Alin , Cristian Antonio-Andrei , Biholar Aurelia-Ioana
Published: October 2024

Welding technologies are constantly evolving, and their applicability is expanding, considering also the construction domain. Steel structures benefit from the advances in welding technologies due to the use of thin gauge steel sheets which can now be connected at high quality and automatically. The resistance of the connection between the thin steel sheets is crucial for the durability and safety of a structure made of built-up thin-walled cold-formed steel elements. Generally, self-drilling screws or bolts are used for the connection between thin-walled elements, but the quantity of time and manpower necessary for a large number of connections demands an improved solution. Conventional welding techniques are unsuitable for joining thin sheets, ranging from 0.4 to 1.0 mm to thicker ones measuring 1.0 to 3.5 mm. This article compares the results of an experimental investigation into lap joints connected by spot welding and MIG brazing with the design code provisions. The study examines single-lap joints in steel sheets of 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mm thickness, connected using these welding technologies. The results obtained are then compared with analytical relations and processed according to EN 1990. Depending on the thickness of the connected sheets, spot welding can lead to two failure modes: button pull-out fracture and interfacial fracture. MIG brazing, a welding technology that deposits material below the melting point of the base material, is known for its advantages, such as low energy consumption, spatter-free operation, high welding speed, and compatibility with thin sheet metals. However, its application in the structural engineering of cold-formed elements lacks documentation. In the study, the MIG brazed specimens failed in the heat-affected zone of the connection. The results indicate the dependence of the spot weld lap joint resistance on the connected sheets' thickness, while the resistance of the MIG brazed lap joints is influenced by the minimum thickness of the connected steel sheet. The study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solutions, evaluate their performance, and establish the limits of their applicability. A statistical interpretation of the results highlights the precision and reliability of joint resistance.
Effects of Cold Gas Tungsten Arc Welding on Dissimilar DHP-CW024A Copper/304 SS Thin Lap Joint
Authors: Denora Vito , Contuzzi Nicola , Rashkovets Mariia , Posa Paolo , Angelastro Andrea , Casalino Giuseppe
Published: October 2024

Copper and stainless steel possess distinct properties that make them suitable for different applications (i.e. e-mobility, nuclear power plants, etc.). However, the high thermal conductivity of copper presents a significant challenge in welding. In fact, researchers have explored various fusion welding processes for joining copper to steel and concluded that fusion welding is generally difficult or even unsuitable for obtaining sound and defects free joints. The present study investigated the feasibility of dissimilar lap joint between copper and stainless-steel thin plates using Cold Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (CGTAW) without a filler material and with no significant geometrical distortion of welded plates. The weld was created by consecutive partially overlapped spots, whose welding time varied between 100 and 150 ms, in upgraded conventional TIG machine equipped with cold TIG welding function. Samples made with 150 ms welding time showed a near-uniform distribution of equiaxed copper grain microstructure, while those obtained with 100 ms exhibited significant differences in grain size with the presence of steel inclusions in globule and vortex shapes. The joints demonstrated exceptional flexibility, allowing it to be bent up to a 180º angle without any visible damage. The maximum tensile strength of sample obtained with a welding time of 150 ms was 220 MPa with a fracture located in the heat-affected zone. The sample welded with a welding time of 100 ms exhibited 171 MPa of tensile strength with the fracture along the melting spot area due to pronounce mixing of welded materials. All the samples showed ductile behavior in the fracture zone. Eventually, the application of CGTAW resulted in promising at obtaining joint with good mechanical properties.
The Synthesis of MOFs of ZnImBImZnO through Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Methods
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sayekti , Naufal Widyan Muhammad , Rofiqoh Fitri Ali , Sari Umi Apriliana , Rani Nilam Cahya , Nugroho Abiyoga , Lestari Witri Wahyu , Saraswati Teguh Endah
Published: October 2024

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a promising class of materials that have a wide range of applications, from gas storage to catalysis. The synthesis of MOFs from the ZnImBImZnO framework has been carried out using hydrothermal and solvothermal methods. By using different metal-ligand molar ratios and solvents, we have discovered that MOFs can be formed both in DMF and water solvents. The products obtained were studied using various techniques, including SEM, PSA, and FTIR, to confirm their formation Our research has shown that MOFs synthesized with different concentrations and solvents show different size distributions. This suggests that the choice of solvent and concentration can be used to control the size and morphology of the MOFs. Furthermore, we have found that the formation of the MOFs framework also directs the morphology of the Zn(II)-imidazole complex and ZnO NFs. Our results provide important insights into the synthesis and properties of MOFs. Moreover, the contact angle measurement data for the ZnImBImZnO framework indicates that it is unequivocally hydrophilic. By understanding the factors that influence the properties of MOFs, we can design new materials with specific properties tailored to different applications. This exciting research area has the potential to revolutionize many fields, from energy storage to drug delivery. Our results provide important insights into the properties of MOFs and pave the way for developing new materials with tailored properties.
Assessing Statistical Methods for Generating Forecasts for COVID-19
Authors: Siriwardena S. M. D. G. A. , Dharmaratne G. , Amaratunga D.
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, a persistent global health emergency that has affected almost all facets of daily life, was initially discovered in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Since that time, the virus has rapidly spread over the globe, causing serious social and economic upheavals necessitating the need for reliable forecasting methods. This study compares ten distinct models to predict the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Sri Lanka, aiming to assess the performance of statistical models using limited and volatile real-world data characterized by trends, random peaks, and autocorrelations. In addition to the classical ARIMA model, various smoothing and filtering techniques were explored to capture the unique characteristics of the data. The model consistencies in multiple-day predictions were demonstrated, and robust evaluation criteria, along with non-robust measures, were utilized to enhance the effectiveness of the evaluation process. The results highlight the effectiveness of traditional smoothing and filtering strategies such as Simple Exponential Smoothing, Holt’s Exponential Smoothing, and the Smoothing Splines technique coupled with the ARIMA model. This study also discovered that the ARIMA model, when applied directly to the original data without using any smoothing or filtering approaches, failed to forecast adequately, thereby demonstrating the insufficiency of the ARIMA model on its own to provide credible forecasts when given a volatile set of data.
Sharp-pointed Foreign Body Ingestion in a Child: A Unique Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Totadri Varsha Madhavnarayan , Mohanty Subrat Kumar , Tudu Harish Chandra , Praharaj Dibyalochan , Giri Suprabhat , Gupta Shivam
Published: October 2024

Accidental foreign body ingestion is commonly encountered in clinical practice, especially among children.Concern arises especially when the ingested foreign body is a sharp object due to the risk of perforation, mucosal injury, and impaction in the gut. Of inadvertently ingested foreign bodies, 10%–20% require endoscopic removal and <1% require open surgical intervention.Endoscopic management, though popular, still remains difficult due to the inaccessibility of certain points in the bowel. Here, we describe a 7-year-old male child who presented to us on March 31, 2024, with a history of accidental ingestion of an iron nail 2 days prior. Although colonoscopic retrieval was the first mode of management undertaken on the basis of impaction in the distal ileum, the same was not successful. Eventually, the child was placed on conservative management and the nail was passed per rectally spontaneously on defecation after 3 days of observation.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the ileum: A case report highlighting diagnostic imaging and surgical intervention
Authors: Khanna Swati , Prakash Adity , Swain Basanta Manjari , Mohanty Sudhansu Sekhar
Published: October 2024

Gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma, a form of extranodal variant of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), poses diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific symptoms. Constituting 30%–40% of extranodal NHL cases, GI lymphomas frequently involve the stomach, small bowel, and ileocecal region. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is noted as the predominant form of extranodal NHL. This report describes the diagnostic imaging and surgical intervention in an unusual occurrence of ileal DLBCL in a man aged 60. Initial ultrasound and subsequent comprehensive evaluation using contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed extensive ileal wall thickening, aneurysmal dilatation in the affected segment, a few enlarged pelvic lymph nodes, and heterogeneously enhancing deposits in the mesentery. The surgical intervention included right hemicolectomy and ileocolic anastomosis, revealing a 10-cm ileal mass and the mesenteric deposit. Histopathological analysis identified high-grade B-cell NHL, suggestive of DLBCL-germinal center subtype.
Understanding epigenetics in health and human diseases – An overview
Authors: Agarwal Avarna , Padhan Prasanta
Published: October 2024

Epigenetics, the study of heritable changes in gene expression without alterations to the DNA sequence, is crucial for the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors influencing human health. This overview traces the historical evolution of epigenetics, from early conceptualizations by Valentin Haecker and Conrad Waddington to modern insights such as epigenetic editing. Key mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs are explored, highlighting their roles in various diseases including cancer, cardiovascular conditions, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic disorders. The influence of environmental factors on epigenetic plasticity underscores the importance of lifestyle choices in health outcomes. Promising therapeutic strategies using epigenetics pave the way for personalized medicine. This comprehensive review emphasizes the need for an integrative approach to health that considers the dynamic relationship between genetics, environment, and epigenetics.
Automated microbiological diagnosis of bloodstream infections
Authors: Mukherjee Adrish Kumar , Baral Shivangi , Mohapatro Smrutishree , Nayak Soumya , Pathi Basanti Kumari
Published: October 2024

The term “bloodstream infection” (BSI) describes the existence of live microorganisms in the blood that have the potential to alter hemodynamic and clinical features, trigger an inflammatory response in the host, and have significant repercussions. Although viruses, fungi, bacteria, and protozoa can all cause bloodstream infections (BSIs), bacteria are the primary cause. When treating patients, it is critical to identify the bacteriological agent and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern as soon as possible. Blood samples from suspected BSI patients are run through automated culture systems to isolate bacteria. Two automated techniques for bacterial growth detection are BacT/Alert 3D and Bactec (BD), followed by Vitek-2’s AST and identification.
Mental Foramen as a Guide to Establish Sexual Dimorphism among Eastern Indian Population: An Observational Cross-sectional Study on Dry Bones
Authors: Biswas Soumali , Saha Joydip , Majumdar Arijit , Poddar Ratnadeep , Ghosh Suchismita , Kar Maitreyee
Published: October 2024

Context:

The study deals with a role of mental foramen in determining the sexual dimorphism of mandibles as well as generating the sufficient data for the dental surgeons regarding location and measurements of the same.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to determine the location of mental foramen with respect to the different bony points of mandible and the presence of accessory foramen, if any and to establish sexual dimorphism among mandibles in relation to mental foramen and assessing the role of mento-submental angle for the same.

Settings and Design:

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Medical Colleges of West Bengal.

Materials and Methods:

Two hundred and eighty dry mandibles were used. Digital images were captured with digital camera after placing the bones in anatomical position for suitable views. Measurements were taken with the help of ImageJ software. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Measures of central tendency were determined. Significance was tested using the Chi-square test or unpaired Student’s t test, as applicable.

Results:

Most of the mental foramina were in line with the second premolar tooth or between the first and second premolars. Distance from the alveolar margin and the diameters of foramen were statistically significant among the genders. Mento-submental angle was significantly lower in males as compared to females being <115° and >115°, respectively. The prevalence of accessory mental foramen was very low in both genders.

Conclusions:

Sexual dimorphism can be well established from the morphometry of mental foramen of mandibles in the Eastern Indian population.
Sinonasal Ringertz Tumor
Authors: Harugop Anilkumar Suryadev , Saxena Tanishtha , Amin Dhawal Alias Dhruv Nilesh , Dawar Ansh
Published: October 2024

Inverted papilloma is a benign epithelial tumor characterized by ingrowth into the ectodermal Schneiderian membrane in the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses. A 35-year-old male patient presented to our Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Outpatient Department with complaints of left-sided nasal obstruction for 4 years. Histopathological examination was reported as inverted papilloma. The patient recovered well without any evidence of residual lesion.
Impact of Yoga Practice on Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance in Overweight and Obese Individuals – A Pilot Study
Authors: Shelke Abhijeet , Kawade Ramesh , Bhattacharya Subhradeep , Sarkar Vishal , Selvaraj Neevhashiny
Published: October 2024

Objective:

This pilot study was designed to analyze the effect of yoga on cardiometabolic functions in overweight and obese individuals.

Methods:

A prospective interventional study was carried out at a tertiary care center in India for 8 weeks. A total of 50 participants were enrolled in the study of which only 29 were regular in yoga intervention. Participants between 25 and 60 years of age, overweight and obese individuals with body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, and those willing to adhere with all the instructions including avoidance of caffeine throughout the study period were included in the study. Baseline demographic details, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical measurements were recorded before and after yoga intervention.

Results:

After 8 weeks of daily yoga intervention, data of 29 regular attendees were analyzed. The mean age was 44.2 ± 12.3 years and females (72.4%) were predominant than males (27.6%). Homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (P < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (P < 0.001), fasting insulin (P < 0.006), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (P < 0.001), and glycosylated hemoglobin (P = 0.001) were statistically significant, before and after yoga intervention. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was observed in lipid profiles such as total cholesterol (P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P < 0.001), very LDL (P < 0.005), and triglycerides (P < 0.001) before and after yoga intervention.

Conclusion:

Yoga intervention demonstrated an improved lipid profile and glucose intolerance which subsequently advances cardiometabolic health. However, findings are limited by small sample size and pilot study.
Dual-chamber pacing confers better myocardial performance and improves clinical outcomes compared to single-chamber pacing
Authors: Mohan Bishav , Batta Akash
Published: October 2024

The deleterious effects of long term right ventricular pacing are increasingly being recognized today. Current clinical practice favors the implantation of dual-chamber permanent pacemaker which maintains atrioventricular synchrony and is associated with better quality of life. However, despite the popular belief and common sense surrounding the superiority of dual-chamber pacing over single chamber pacing, the same has never been conclusively verified in clinical trials. Some observational evidence however, does exists which supports the improved cardiac hemodynamics, lower the rate of atrial fibrillation, heart failure and stroke in dual-chamber pacing compared to single-chamber pacing. In the index study by Haque et al , right ventricular pacing, particularly in ventricular paced, ventricular sensed, inhibited response and rate responsive pacemaker adversely impacted the left ventricular functions over 9-months compared to dual pacing, dual sensing, dual responsive and rate responsive pacemaker. Although there are key limitations of this study, these findings does support a growing body of evidence reinstating the superiority of dual chamber pacing compared to single chamber pacing.
Effects of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and asymptomatic heart failure
Authors: Laimoud Mohamed H , Raslan Ismail R
Published: October 2024

Sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been increasingly used with proven efficacy in patients with heart failure (HF), regardless of diabetes status. Grubić Rotkvić et al recently published an observational study on SGLT2i therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and asymptomatic HF. They found that the use of SGLT2i led to reduced cardiac load and improved cardiovascular performance, reinforcing the evolving paradigm that SGLT2i are not merely glucose-lowering agents but are integral to the broader management of cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study by Grubić Rotkvić et al contributes to the growing body of literature supporting the early use of SGLT2i in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy, offering a potential strategy to mitigate the progression of HF. Future larger studies should be conducted to confirm these findings, and explore the long-term cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2i, particularly in asymptomatic patients at risk of developing HF.
Wybrane współczesne zasady funkcjonowania światowych agencji informacyjnych. Studium przypadku aktywności Associated Press, Reutera oraz Agence France‑Presse
Authors: Piasecka‑Strzelec Renata
Published: October 2024

Niniejsze opracowanie stanowi studium przypadku, w którym przedstawiono ważniejsze tendencje rozwojowe współczesnych, globalnych agencji informacyjnych na przykładzie trzech najważniejszych instytucji o zasięgu światowym: Associated Press (AP), Reuters oraz Agence France‑Presse (AFP). Problematyka badawcza artykułu koncentruje się wokół zmian wynikających z przystosowania się światowych agencji informacyjnych do zaawansowanego stadium kultury cyfrowej oraz potrzeb dynamicznie rozwijającego się społeczeństwa informacyjnego. Uwzględniono wpływ takich zjawisk, jak dezinformacja oraz pandemia COVID-19. Dokonano analizy piśmiennictwa naukowego oraz posłużono się analizą jakościową zawartości przekazów internetowych. Materiał badawczy stanowiły źródła udostępniane przez omawiane instytucje na oficjalnych witrynach internetowych oraz publikacje prasowe zamieszczane przez portale branżowe. Wyniki badań umożliwiły ukazanie wpływu nowych technologii na zasięg oddziaływania, zawartość oraz dystrybucję serwisów agencyjnych. Wskazano na formy działalności oraz standardy pracy światowych agencji informacyjnych typowe dla początku trzeciej dekady XXI wieku, podkreślając nowe funkcje oraz przełomowe znaczenie skierowania oferty do młodych odbiorców. W kontekście czwartej rewolucji przemysłowej poruszono kwestię wzrastającego udziału sztucznej inteligencji w pracy redakcyjnej.
Tiktokizacja social mediów w perspektywie wieku użytkowników. Analiza wykorzystywania mediów społecznościowych na podstawie zogniskowanych wywiadów grupowych
Authors: Durmaj Małgorzata
Published: October 2024

Praca rozpoczyna się przedstawieniem zjawiska zmiany ekosystemu social mediów polegającego na ich tiktokizacji. Głównym celem autorki jest omówienie, jak zmiany te wpływają na zachowania odbiorcze internautów w kontekście ich wieku. Przeprowadzono badania z wykorzystaniem zogniskowanych wywiadów grupowych w dwóch grupach wiekowych (osoby wkraczające w wiek senioralny/seniorzy [59–74 lata], a także młodzież/młodzi dorośli [23–27 lat]). Efekt stanowi porównanie sentymentów, motywacji i wzorców użytkowania mediów społecznościowych – a w nich form tiktokowych – wśród internautów z uwzględnionych przedziałów wiekowych. Wyniki wskazują na uwarunkowane wiekiem preferencje w zakresie wykorzystywanych form przekazów oraz aktywności w sieci. W obydwu grupach widać podobieństwa i różnice w ramach użytkowania mediów społecznościowych i dostępnych w nich materiałów wideo. Rozważania, osadzone w szerszych dociekaniach teoretycznych, poszerzają rozumienie konsumpcji i roli mediów w różnych grupach wiekowych.
Gwiazda (1869–1870) Hipolita Stupnickiego jako przykład czasopisma dla kobiet – zarys monograficzny
Authors: Krasińska Izabela
Published: October 2024

W artykule podjęto próbę monograficznego opracowania Gwiazdy – jednego z czasopism dla kobiet ukazujących się w okresie zaborów. Periodyk drukowany był we Lwowie w latach 1869–1870. Skupiono się na jego genezie, cechach formalno-wydawniczych oraz zawartości treściowej. Omówiono też działalność prasotwórczą Hipolita Stupnickiego, który był m.in. wydawcą i redaktorem odpowiedzialnym Gwiazdy. Przedstawiono również wybranych współpracowników periodyku, gdyż nie wszyscy podpisywali się imieniem i nazwiskiem, co utrudnia identyfikację tych osób, a przez to uniemożliwia szersze osadzenie analizowanego pisma w kontekście społeczno-historycznym. Jak wykazała analiza zawartości treściowej wszystkich wydanych numerów Gwiazdy w liczbie 33, redakcja wyrażała konieczność utrzymania ról przynależnych kobiecie oraz mężczyźnie. Kobiety na jej łamach przedstawiano jako dobre, uległe mężom żony, jako córki posłuszne rodzicom, jako kochające matki, oszczędne i dobre gospodynie domowe, a przy tym osoby bogobojne, skromne, z pokorą znoszące czekające je wyzwania i odporne na trudy codziennej egzystencji. Twórcy pisma z niechęcią odnosili się do kobiet wykształconych bądź modnie ubranych według paryskich trendów. Przygotowując artykuł, posłużono się metodą jakościowej analizy zawartości prasy oraz metodą historyczno-krytyczną źródeł i literatury przedmiotu.
Polski plakat prasowy 1948–1989 – opracowanie na podstawie zbiorów Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie
Authors: Kotecki Andrzej
Published: October 2024

Plakat jest jedną z form graficznej sztuki użytkowej, której zasadniczym celem jest propagowanie lub popularyzowanie, informowanie o różnorodnych sferach życia społecznego. Każda dziedzina aktywności człowieka posiada plakaty jej dotyczące. Nie inaczej sytuacja przedstawia się w przypadku prasy codziennej (dzienników), jak również innych wydawnictw periodycznych, takich jak tygodniki, miesięczniki itp. Plakaty, czyli tzw. „sztuka ulicy”, powstawały na zamówienie wydawnictw prasowych czy też poszczególnych redakcji. W kontekście szeroko rozumianej prasy plakaty ją reklamujące, propagujące nabierają szczególnego znaczenia. Z samego założenia prasa, zwłaszcza ta codzienna, sama w sobie stanowi element propagandy, czy to państwowej, czyli rządowej, czy też np. partyjnej. Niemal identyczne założenie przyświeca plakatom. Znajdująca się w warszawskim Muzeum Niepodległości kolekcja plakatów, która stanowi podstawę niniejszego opracowania, liczy ponad 8000 pozycji. W tym zbiorze prace dotyczące interesującego nas tematu to 125 tytułów. Powstały one na przestrzeni ponad 40 lat. Najstarszy pochodzi z roku 1948, a ostatni, czyli najmłodszy, powstał w 1989 roku. Tak znaczną liczbę oraz rozpiętość czasową w zakresie ich powstawania można uznać za reprezentatywną dla całości tego zagadnienia. Należy również zwrócić uwagę na fakt, że wiele spośród nich powstało w pracowniach najlepszych polskich grafików. Wśród nich nie zabrakło tych najbardziej znamienitych, zaliczanych do twórców i kontynuatorów tzw. Polskiej Szkoły Plakatu. Przygotowane opracowanie niewątpliwie nie wyczerpuje tematu, jednak może ono stanowić punkt wyjścia do dalszych badań i analiz tego zagadnienia. Do chwili obecnej ta grupa tematyczna w zakresie sztuki plakatu była najczęściej umiejscawiana w grupie plakatów społeczno-politycznych. Nadszedł chyba jednak czas, by ten zakres tematyczny doczekał się własnych opracowań monograficznych.
Johann Jakob Bodmers Arbeit an der Ästhetik
Authors: Hees-Pelikan Johannes
Published: October 2024

Über Bodmers unverwechselbaren Schweizer Beitrag zur modernen Gesellschafts- und Wertordnung im 18. Jahrhundert Johannes Hees-Pelikans Studie erschließt die ästhetischen, moralischen und kritischen Schriften des Zürcher Gelehrten Johann Jakob Bodmer praxeologisch. Die Texte des Aufklärers, Geschichtslehrers und Literaten werden so nicht nur im historischen Kontext der europäischen Aufklärung erforscht, sondern vor allem auch an die jüngste Methodendiskussion angeschlossen. Bodmers Weg zur Ästhetik führt über die moralische Bewertung von Alltagspraktiken wie Gartenpflege, Körperpflege, Umgang zwischen Ehegatt:innen und Freunden usw., die er entweder im Leben oder in der Literatur beobachtet. Weil diese Beobachtung selbst auf literarische Verfahren angewiesen ist, weisen Bodmers Schriften eine ganz besondere Diskurspraktik auf, die seiner ästhetischen und ethischen Theorie ihren spezifischen Zuschnitt verleiht. Bodmer leistet so einen unverwechselbaren Schweizer Beitrag zu den Grundlagen der modernen Gesellschaft und ihrer Wertordnung: Nicht von der hohen Warte der Vernunft aus schaut er auf die Welt, sondern er leitet die ästhetischen Gesetze des moralisch guten Handelns aus dem "echten Leben" ab.
Оценка засухоустойчивости образцов картофеля
Authors: С.В. Лихненко
Published: October 2024

Модифицирован метод диагностики устойчивости к засухе картофеля по росту первичных корней в растворе осмотика, имитирующего засуху. Опыт проводили на озелененных 2-сантиметровых ростках. Экспериментально подобран раствор сахарозы с осмотическим давлением 0,6 Мпа. Выделили 2 устойчивых к засухе генотипа. Для ранжирования образцов по засухоустойчивости применяли коэффициент относительного ростакорней.

The method of diagnosing potato drought resistance by the growth oprimary roots in an osmotic solution simulating drought has been modified. The experiment was carried out on green 2-centimeter sprouts. A sucrose solution with an osmotic pressure of 0.6 Mpa was experimentally selected. 2 drought-resistant genotypes were identified. The relative root growth coefficient was used to rank the samples according to drought resistance.
The contribution of scientists of the institute of developmental physiology to the study of human coordination abilities
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution ", Lyakh V.I. ,   Institute of Child Development, Health and Adaptation",   , Moscow
Published: October 2024

The article presents the achievements of scientists of the Institute of Developmental Physiology in the field of human coordination abilities research attained over the past 80 years.
How Can Philosophy Change the World?
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Security Studies, Serbia, Bodin Milenko
Published: October 2024

In the text, I deal with a topic that I think is a kind of a main motive of the FELIX ROMULIANA International School of Philosophy since it was founded 30 years ago. Relying on the trend of Serbian philosophical thought in the second half of the twentieth century, which is mostly marked by the attempt to affirm the opinion against totalitarianism and the attempt to see philosophy as a combination of theoretical and practical thinking and action, it is constantly asking about the ways of philosophical effectiveness. The paper therefore analyzes the philosophical ability to pose the question of man and the world, the limitations of humanism as a concept that conditions or even determines to some extent philosophical constructions of concepts about reality. All the way to facing the challenges of endangering the world as a human civilization. And announcements of the obligation of philosophical thinking to be an effective thought of security of human perspective.
BUSINESS ЕTHICS – DEFINING FEATURES AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, Bouzova Pepa
Published: October 2024

Business ethics is one of the areas of philosophy with the most direct impact on society. It contributes to changing people’s expectations from business and to realizing its social functions. Among the defining features is the alignment between ends and means, challenging the traditional understanding that profit is the only goal. Doing good as an end in itself cannot be considered as such a goal. Next, we place the guarantee of the rights of all participants in the economic competition and the balance of interests in it. The analysis is carried out from the positions of the value-normative approach in ethics. It is related to compliance with the values accepted in a given community.
CORPUS HERMETICUM and the meta-space of the current world crisis
Authors: Kljakic Ljubomir
Published: October 2024

Newspapers, magazines and publishing houses, bookstores, public forums, institutes, discussions and conversations characteristic of the local public scene during the seventies and eighties of the 20th century, were the most vital part of the intellectual climate of that time; the real events were articles, books or public, as a rule polemical, performances of the protagonists of critical theory. Today’s absence of the public scene and the entire infrastructure without which neither the public scene nor the critical public are possible - specialized papers, magazines, publishing houses, institutes, associations, public forums - testifies to the depth of the radical change that has taken place and is ongoing. How and why it happened is the subject of the following paper
THE SOCRATIC INTELLECTUALISM
Authors:   Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Faculty of Philosophy, Katić Nemanja
Published: October 2024

The subject of this inquiry is the analysis of the so-called Socratic intellectualism that was put forward by Socrates’ student, Plato, in his dialogue Protagoras. The two leading questions that we shall raise are: how does Plato formulate this position, and can it actually be ascribed to Socrates (as it is traditionally done)? Firstly, we shall address the part of the dialogue in which Plato, through Socrates, lays down this position, while trying to explicate its formulation and the argument that Plato offers for it. Secondly, by looking at the context of the dialogue itself, that is, by trying to see what are the main questions that are raised — what virtue is, can it be taught, and is it the skill that sophists propose to teach — we shall try to show, through a careful reading of the dialogue, that the Socratic intellectualism, a position traditionally ascribed to Socrates, but a radical consequence of sophistical skill that Protagoras proposes to teach, which Socrates unravels through his elenctic method.
Some problems of contemporary philosophy
Authors:   University of Priština – Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Philosophy, Serbia, Bratina Sibin
Published: October 2024

The influence of philosophy in the modern era is no longer as visible in today’s century as it was in the last. Philosophers themselves have been worried about her future and her confinement to universities for decades. Also, vast majority of people no longer see the purpose and benefit of philosophy itself, and in that context, there has been talk of a crisis in philosophy itself for a long time. It has long been oppressed by contemporary media culture and university totalitarianism. Philosophy should be given free rein and not confined to standard forms. In the Balkans, philosophy had a much greater influence until the 1980s than it does today. A large country, like Yugoslavia, was much more favorable for the work of large publishers and translation companies, for the simple reason that the market was much larger. With the collapse of the state, the vast majority of publishers, who could boast of significant philosophical work, either shut down or significantly reduced the scope of their work. This stopped the process of efficient translation of works from foreign languages and reduced the number of possible places for the publication of local thinkers. Recently, there has been a certain degree of increase in publishing work, but it seems that their visibility is still not at the previous level, not because of modern media possibilities, but because of modern media culture.
The Linguistic Turn from George Orwell to Kajica Milanov
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy, Serbia, Prelević Duško
Published: October 2024

As is well known, Karl Marx wrote in the 11th thesis on Ludwig Feuerbach that philosophers should change the world, not just interpret it. What he omitted to say is that the “world” can be changed to some extent through interpretation itself, primarily the part that relates to social reality. The later sequence of events confirmed this thesis, given that the political and ideological struggle for a correct understanding of history or the establishment of an appropriate value system depended to a large extent on which discourse would be imposed. In literature, this phenomenon was neatly treated by George Orwell, and shortly after him, Kajica Milanov also presented illuminating insights on this matter in emigration. The paper provides brief comments on relevant places from the works of these two authors.
Hitit ve Mısır Arasında Yapılan Kuruštama Antlaşması ve Kadeš Barışını Hazırlayan Şartlar
Authors: gavaz özlem sir
Published: October 2024

Hitit Devleti kuruluşundan itibaren, Anadolu’daki merkezi otoriteyi sağlamlaştırmış ve rotasını
Yukarı Mezopotamya ile Kuzey Suriye’de bulunan zengin liman kentlerine çevirmiştir. Hititler bu
bölgede hâkimiyet kurmak için türlü türlü stratejiler geliştirmişler ve izledikleri etkin dış politika
hamleleriyle dönemin güçlü devletleri Mısır, Babil ve daha sonra da Asur ile rekabet eder bir pozisyona
ulaşmışlardır ve böylelikle İmparatorluk Dönemi’nin başlarından itibaren, Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nin
süper güçlerinden biri haline gelmişlerdir. Hitit ve Mısır Devletleri arasındaki ilişkiler ise I.
Šuppiluliuma’dan itibaren daha etkin ve aktif bir hal almıştır. Olasılıkla bu kraldan önce Hitit ve Mısır
arasında yapılan Kuruštama Antlaşması’nın I. Šuppiluliuma zamanında ihlal edilmesi iki devlet
arasındaki ilişkilerin zarar görmesine neden olmuştur. Özellikle Hitit Prensi Zannanza’nın ölümü ile
neredeyse kopma durumuna gelen ilişkiler, Kadeš savaşını tetikleyen nedenlerin başında gelmektedir.
Savaştan yaklaşık on altı yıl sonra akdedilen barış antlaşması, iki devlet arasındaki ilişkilerin
normalleşmesine ve güçlenen Asur tehlikesine karşı ortak önlem alınmasına olanak tanımıştır. Bu
çalışma, Kadeš barışı öncesi Hitit ve Mısır Devletleri arasında yapılan öncül bir müttefiklik
antlaşmasına işaret etmekte ve iki barış arasındaki ilişkileri detaylıca ele almaktadır.
Geleneksel Keçecilikte Usta Çırak İlişkisi ve Günümüzdeki Durumu
Authors: girgiç salih
Published: October 2024

Dünyada her kültürde görülmeyen keçecilik ve keçe, geçmişte yaylak kışlak arasında yaşayan toplulukların günlük hayatında büyük öneme sahipti. Günümüzde de yünün doğal ve sağlıklı bir malzeme olması bununla beraber farklı sanat disiplinlerinde kullanılabilirliği keçenin daha fazla üretilmesine, keçecilik mesleğinin de daha fazla araştırılmasına neden olmaktadır. Geleneksel, kültürel veya sanatsal değeri olan, kaybolmaya yüz tutmuş keçeciliğe dair yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde söz konusu mesleği usta-çırak ilişkisi özelinde ele alan çalışma yapılmadığı gözlenmektedir ve bu durum araştırmanın önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmada, keçecilik mesleği özelinde “usta-çırak ilişkisinin” tarihsel süreç içerisindeki gelişimi ile günümüzdeki durumunu tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Amaç doğrultusunda “Keçecilik özelinde mesleki aktarım olan usta-çırak ilişkisinde nasıl bir dönüşüm yaşanmıştır?” problematiğinin cevapları aranmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda keçecilik mesleğinin aktarım araçlarından olan usta-çırak ilişkisinin tarihsel süreçteki evrimini ve günümüzdeki durumunu keşfedebilmek için nitel yöntemlerden olan etnografik vaka analizi kullanılmıştır. Doküman incelemesi, katılımcı gözlem ve yapılandırılmamış görüşme teknikleri bu araştırmanın veri toplama araçlarını oluşturmaktadır. Doküman incelemesi, gözlem ve görüşme veri toplama araçlarıyla elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır.
1862 Gümrük Tarifesinde Osmanlı İhracat Ürünleri
Authors: saçlı namık
Published: October 2024

Osmanlı Devleti 1861-1862 senelerinde Batılı ülkelerle bir dizi ticaret antlaşması yapmış ve sonrasında antlaşmaların eki sayılan Gümrük Tarife Defterleri düzenlemiştir. Bu defterlerde taraf devletlerin ihraç ürünleri ayrıntılı bir şekilde listelenmekte ve ürünlere gümrük vergisi için esas teşkil edecek bedeller tayin edilmektedir. Osmanlı ihraç listeleri tüm devletlerle yapılan tarife cetvellerinin hepsinde birebir aynıdır. Çalışmanın amacı Osmanlı ihraç ürünlerinin kategorize edilmiş bir hâlini ortaya koymaktır. Bu sebeple defterlerde adı geçen emtia detaylı bir sınıflandırmaya tabi tutulup analiz edilmiştir. Sınıflandırma için gümrüklerde kullanılan standart ve modern bir ürün tasnif sistemi kullanılmıştır. Sistem ilkesel olarak ürünlerin nerelerde kullanıldığından ziyade hammaddeleri referans almaktadır. Bu sayede farklı sektörlerde kullanılan ürünlerin hangi kategorinin içinde olması gerektiği de bir sorun olmaktan çıkmaktadır. Yapılan sınıflandırma sayesinde Osmanlı’nın ihraç ürünleri üzerinden üretim dinamikleri, eğilimler, sektörler ve sanayileşme seviyesi kısıtlı da olsa izlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Döneme dair yapılan çeşitli çalışmalarda ülke ekonomisinin bir tarım ekonomisi olduğu iddiaları bulunmaktadır. Çalışmamızda ihraç ürünleri ortaya konularak tarım ürünleri dışında da ürünlerin varlığı gösterilmiştir. Çalışmanın 19. yüzyıl iktisadî dinamikleri, sektörleri ve emtia tarihi üzerine yapılacak sonraki araştırmalara katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.