bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATING THE SAFETY AND THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF INTRAVENOUS HYDROGEN NANOBUBBLE INFUSIONS IN A HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC RAT MODEL
Authors: Hernowo Aditya Tri , Widyarti Sri , Aristyani Sherry
Published: August 2024

Hydrogen has emerged as a promising candidate due to its antioxidant properties and potential to modulate electron flow, enhancing mitochondrial energy metabolism and reducing oxidative stress. In this study, hypercholesterolemia male Wistar rats were utilized to investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous hydrogen nanobubble solution (HNB). The study assessed serum lipid levels, complete blood count, and organ health following HNB administration compared to positive (simvastatin) and negative controls. Bayesian statistics were used to validate the findings. The administration of HNB did not adversely affect the immediate survival of the rats on a high fat diet (HFD), whereas simvastatin significantly reduced survival rates. It showed a dose dependent immunomodulatory effect, reducing white blood cell, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts. It also influenced erythropoiesis, as indicated by increased red blood cell counts and hemoglobin levels. A significant elevation in platelet counts was observed, suggesting potential effects on platelet production or lifespan. The study also noted changes in liver enzyme levels, with HNB indicating potential hepatoprotective effects. Furthermore, HNB treatment decrease in mean fat droplet count, suggesting a mitigation of diet induced hepatic steatosis. The findings suggest that HNB may serve as a protective agent against the deleterious effects of a high-fat diet, offering immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective benefits. This study provides a foundation for considering HNB as a potential therapeutic intervention for hypercholesterolemia and warrants further investigation into the long-term impacts of nanobubble treatment on diet induced pathologies. The consistency of results across traditional statistical significance and Bayesian evidence strengthens the validity of the observed treatment-specific effects.
EFFECT OF CLITORIA TERNATEA ON FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR: MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDY
Authors: Kurniawati Erna Yovi , Pramono Noor , Hidayat Syarief Thaufik , Mahati Endang
Published: August 2024

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women that is characterized by hormonal imbalances, anovulation, and ovarian cysts. Folliculogenesis, which is the process of follicle development, is perturbed in PCOS, leading to irregular menstrual cycles and fertility issues. Clitoria ternatea, a medicinal plant with potential hormonal regulatory properties, is of interest for exploring its effects on folliculogenesis and PCOS management. In this in silico study, we employed molecular docking techniques to investigate the interaction between bioactive compounds from Clitoria ternatea and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR), a key regulator of folliculogenesis. AutoDock Vina and PyRx software were used to predict the binding affinities and interactions between the ligands and FSHR. The results of our in silico study indicate that bioactive compounds from Clitoria ternatea exhibit a strong binding affinity for FSHR. These compounds form stable interactions with the receptor, suggesting a potential regulatory effect on FSHR activity during folliculogenesis. The findings from this in silico study suggest that Clitoria ternatea may play a role in modulating folliculogenesis by interacting with FSHR. Further experimental studies, including in vitro and in vivo studies, are warranted to validate these computational predictions and explore the potential therapeutic implications of Clitoria ternatea in managing PCOS related folliculogenesis disorders.
The virtual antivenom prediction of tamarind compounds as inhibitor against Ophiophagus hannah phospholipase A2
Authors: Zahira Najma , Kurnianingsih Nia , Kurniawan Nia
Published: August 2024

Ophiophagus hannah has significant medical important among snakebite cases. The enzyme Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is crucial for venom impacts in life-threatening symptoms. However, specific antivenom against this species remains under explored. This study aimed to analyze the potential of secondary metabolites from tamarind as PLA2 protein inhibitor specifically from Ophiophagus hannah venom using in-silico approaches. The sequences and three-dimensional structure of the PLA2 protein from O. hannah were physicochemicaly predicted using ProtParam. Virtual screening, drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity profiles of metabolite compound from Tamarind was performed using SwissADME. All ligands were downloaded from PubChem database. Molecular docking was carried out using PyRx and visualized using Discovery Studio 2016 software. All tamarind’s compounds are safe for long term administration because they displayed minimum risk for hepatotoxicity and AMES. The best interaction of secondary metabolites with PLA2 is owned by quercetin. Future in-vitro and in-vivo studies are needed to evaluate the use of secondary metabolite compounds as specific alternatives of antivenoms.
Anthropometric Study of Canthal Index among Yorubas of Owo Origin in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: GO Owhefere
Published: August 2024

The canthus is the angle where the upper and lower eyelids converge. The terms "inner canthus" and "outer canthus" refer to the medial and lateral canthuses, respectively. The aim of this study is to determine the inner, and outer canthal distance as well as canthal index between males and females of Owo origin in Ondo State, Nigeria. This study adopted the descriptive cross-sectional survey of the quantitative design. For each subject, the inner canthal distance and outer canthal distance was measured and recorded while the canthal index was calculated. Data obtained for this research was analysed using descriptive statistics (Mean and Standard deviation) to test the hypotheses of this study and inferential statistics (t-test) to describe the nature of the data. The statistical test was done with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 24.0). Results showed that in the outer canthal distance, the mean value in male was statistically significantly greater than in females (p<0.05). Results also showed that in the inner canthal distance, the mean value in male was statistically significantly greater than in females (p<0.05). It was concluded that there was a significant sexual dimorphism in canthal parameters among Owo males and female population.
AULAS ONLINE NA EDUCAÇÃO: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE O USO DAS TECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Bonifácio João Marcos , Bonifácio Pedro Lucio , Cardoso Haroldo Junior Martins , Passos Ana Maria Amorim
Published: August 2024

A Tecnologia é uma grande aliada da educação no século XXI, o ensino nas escolas e colégios no mundo inteiro vem mudando a cada ano que se passa com o seu uso. As salas de aula podem ter retroprojetores, salas de informática com computadores e laboratórios com peças de robótica para desenvolver lógica de programação e ajudar os alunos a desenvolver projetos práticos. No ano de 2020 aconteceu uma pandemia relacionada ao COVID-19, as pessoas foram refém de um vírus, os alunos das escolas brasileiras não puderam ter aulas presenciais, uma parte deles acessando somente os conteúdos via aparatos tecnológicos ou impressos enquanto parte dos alunos teviram bastante dificuldade com acesso a internet e ao conteúdo das aulas devido a realidade ser bem diferente para as escolas. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é mostrar que a tecnologia pode ser uma grande ferramenta na educação com as aulas online, as metodologias foram qualitativas e descritivas para realizar a pesquisa com questionários para professores. O resultado da pesquisa constatou que a tecnologia é a principal forma em termos estruturais para ajudar os professores nas suas aulas no século XXI.
Does Tax Audit Enhance Tax Compliance? The Role of Tax Education and Fear-Appealing Messages
Authors: Oduro Richard , Frimpong Josephine , Mensah Emmanuel Ewusi
Published: August 2024

The study explores the role of tax education and fear-appealing messages in the linkage between tax audit and tax compliance among corporate entities. Data was collected from 205 corporate entities using questionnaire as an instrument. The data was analysed using the PLS-SEM. It was observed that tax audit enhances tax compliance among corporate entities. Again, while tax education partially mediates the linkage between tax audit and tax compliance, fear-appealing messages negatively moderate the relationship between the two. The study concluded that regular tax education during tax audits enhances tax compliance but does not release threatening messages to taxpayers. It was recommended that tax revenue authorities should increase tax audit frequency and educate tax payers during the audit exercise. This has the tendency to improve the level of tax compliance among corporate entities.
Pengaruh Customer Experience terhadap Repurchase Intention dengan Brand Trust sebagai Mediating Variabel di Monochrome Coffee & Kitchen Kota Padang
Authors: Markis Nova Kurnia Julisri , Ferdian Feri , Saladin Khairani
Published: August 2024

This research is motivated by the discovery of issues related to the low percentage of repurchase intention among customers of Monochrome Coffee & Kitchen in Kota Padang. Complaints about customer dissatisfaction with the products, services, facilities, and the lack of confidence in the 19 Monochrome brand itself have resulted in a reluctance to repurchase products and services at Monochrome Coffee & Kitchen. The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of customer experience on repurchase intention with brand trust as a mediating variable at Monochrome Coffee & Kitchen in Kota Padang. This research is a quantitative type with a causal associative approach, utilizing purposive sampling method, and involving 265 respondents. The data collection method involves distributing questionnaires to respondents based on a Likert scale that has been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis is conducted using SPSS and SEM (PLS). From this research, it is found that customer experience is categorized as fairly good with a percentage of 59%, repurchase intention is categorized as fairly good with a percentage of 52%, and brand trust is categorized as good with a percentage of 44%. The research results can be observed from the t-statistic and p-values based on SEM (PLS) data analysis, which concludes that customer experience (X) has a significant influence on repurchase intention (Y), customer experience (X) has a significant influence on brand trust (Z), brand trust (Z) has a significant influence on repurchase intention (Y), and customer experience (X) has a significant influence on repurchase intention (Y) through brand trust (Z) as a mediating variable. This implies that all hypotheses in this research are accepted.
Kajian Kualitatif Peran Stakeholders Dalam Pengembangan Daya Tarik Wisata Kampung Sarugo di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota
Authors: Aini Nur , Putra Trisna
Published: August 2024

The development of tourism in Kampung Sarugo, which is a popular tourist destination, is highly dependent on the participation and support of various stakeholders. The less than optimal role of the contribution of stakeholders to tourism development is the reason for the importance of this research being carried out. The purpose of this study is to identify relevant stakeholders, analyze the uses and roles of stakeholders, analyze the relationships between stakeholders, and inhibiting aspects. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative, as well as information gathering methods including interviews, documentation, and observation. The findings show that various groups, including academia, business, community, government, and society, are involved in the creation of tourist attractions. There are three categories of stakeholders: primary, key, and secondary. The role of stakeholders is reflected in the roles of policy creators, coordinators, facilitators, implementers and accelerators.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan di Restoran Bebek Garing Tengah Sawah
Authors: Ramadhan Rexa Priyatna W , Waryono Waryono , Harmawan Violintikha
Published: August 2024

The initial implementation of this research was based on observations and supported by comments on Google review. From the results of observations and Google reviews, problems were found regarding service quality and customer satisfaction at the Bebek Garing Tengah Sawah Restaurant. The purpose of this research is to determine the influenced of service quality on customer satisfaction at Bebek Garing Tengah Sawah Restaurant. This research is a quantitative descriptive using a causal associative method. The population of the study were all customers who visited the Bebek Garing Tengah Sawah Restaurant. The sample in this study amounted to 248 people taken through a purposive sampling technique. Collecting data information in this study used a questionnaire with a Likert scale of 4 scores which were tested for validity and reliability. Testing the analysis prerequisites with the normality and homogeneity tests of the data. The data is then tested for the hypothesis with a simple linear regression test and test the coefficient of determination. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the positive influence of service quality on customer satisfaction, service quality had an effect of 20.7% on customer satisfaction and the other 79.3% was an influence caused by variables that were not in this study.
PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA DAN KONFLIK PERAN GANDA TERHADAP STRES KERJA PADA GURU PEREMPUAN YANG SUDAH MENIKAH
Authors: Aryani Linda , Silvia Annisaa
Published: August 2024

Bekerja sebagai guru sekaligus ibu rumah tangga bukanlah hal yang mudah dan penuh tantangan bagi seorang perempuan, Kondisi ini dapat menimbulkan gejala stres pada guru perempuan seperti kelelahan, pusing, mudah tersinggung, dan perasaan depresi. Faktor yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya stres kerja adalah beban kerja dan konflik peran ganda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh beban kerja dan konflik peran ganda terhadap stres kerja pada guru perempuan yang sudah menikah. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah guru SMA perempuan di Kecamatan X yang berjumlah 142 orang dengan karakteristik sudah menikah dan mempunyai anak minimal 1 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tiga skala yaitu skala stres kerja, skala beban kerja, dan skala konflik peran ganda. Dengan analisis regresi berganda, analisis data menunjukkan hasil koefisien korelasi sebesar 111,834 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (p<0,01). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara stres kerja guru perempuan yang sudah menikah ditinjau dari beban kerja dengan konflik peran ganda. Sumbangan efektif beban kerja dan konflik peran ganda terhadap stres kerja sebesar 61,1%, dengan rincian sumbangan efektif beban kerja dan konflik peran ganda sebesar 42,5% 19,2%. Terdapat perbedaan stres kerja pada guru perempuan yang sudah menikah, dilihat dari usia.
Representasi Budaya Batak Toba Dalam Film “Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap” (Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes)
Authors: Pratiwi Widya , Matondang Armansyah , Andary Ria Wuri
Published: August 2024

Film adalah contoh bentuk media komunikasi massa. Film yang menonjolkan budaya Indonesia, khususnya budaya masyarakat batak toba adalah film “Ngeri Ngeri Sedap” Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui representasi budaya batak toba dalam pemaknaan denotasi, konotasi dan mitos. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan mengklasifikasi adegan berdasarkan tujuh unsur budaya universal Koenjaraningrat (1979) dan metode analisis semiotika Roland Barthes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tujuh representasi budaya batak toba dalam film “Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap” antara lain: Bahasa, Sistem Kemasyarakatan (martutur), Sistem kesenian (gondang sabangunan), Sistem peralatan hidup dan teknologi (ulos dan rumah bolon), Sistem religi dan upacara keagamaan (upacara adat sulang-sulang pahompu, mangulosi) serta Sistem mata pencaharian hidup (bertani), sistem pengetahuan.
Correlation of Meaning of The Garebeg Mulud Traditional Ceremony Series: Sekaten, Gamelan and Tourism
Authors: Hakim Lutfi Maulana , Kusumastiti Weka
Published: August 2024

The Garebeg Mulud celebration is one of a series of traditional ceremonies included in the Yogyakarta Palace Hajad Dalem event which is held annually. Garebeg Mulud itself is one of the celebrations of the Hajad Dalem ceremony whose series of events are quite long because, in the Muludan ceremony, there is a Sekaten celebration whose series of events lasts for 7 days. now many people interpret garebeg mulud as the same as the sekaten night market. at the same time, sekaten is only one of the series of events at gerbeg mulud which is full of meaning. this research aims to explain more about the series of Garebeg Mulud ceremonies and the meaning and philosophy embedded in each series of events from Miyos Gongso to Bedhol Songsong. This series of Hajad Dalem events is not only a celebration but ultimately also a tourist attraction for the community. Public interest in attending the Hajad Dalem ceremony is very high. This positive reaction creates a sense of love, and care and continues to preserve this noble culture
Curriculum Implementation Index for Geography Learning in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kurnianto Fahmi Arif , Pangastuti Era Iswara , Nurdin Elan Artono , Wahyuono Trio
Published: August 2024

Curriculum changes often occur in Indonesia. However, studies regarding the gap between curriculum planning and implementation are still very limited.Â  Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the Curriculum Implementation Index for Geography Learning in East Java. In this study, we used a curriculum implementation index for geography subjects. This study used purposive sampling with several considerations, such as the region distribution of geography teachers and school accreditation. The number of respondents is determined by selecting the person directly related to geography learning and its relation to curriculum implementation. We observed 30 geography teachers to determine curriculum implementation. The curriculum implementation index was used to evaluate consistency between curriculum planning and implementation, as indicated by teachersâ€™ activities and several concepts in geography learning. The results show that the readiness of teachers to implement the curriculum in the laboratory, literature, and media aspects is in the low category. This is indicated by a laboratory index of 1.03, a literature index of 1.58, and a media index of 1.87. This low index means that geography learning does not meet the 2013 curriculum standards, especially in physical geography material, which needs laboratories and media to explain concrete concepts in geography learning. Implementing the 2013 curriculum in geography learning has not met the characteristics of the concrete idea of geography learning, which requires visualization for physical and environmental aspects.Keywords: Curriculum Implementation; Geography Learning; Index; East Java
Urbanization Analysis of Land Surface Temperature Modeling in the Peri-Urban of Surakarta
Authors: Noviani Rita , Marfuah Istiyanti Nur , Saputra Aditya Eka
Published: August 2024

The rapid development of urban areas characterized by urbanization has caused various impacts, such as LST. The Peri-Urban area of Surakarta City is one of the areas that experiences similar conditions. This study aims to measure urbanization through the urban form, population, and land urbanization and modeling urbanization of Land Surface Temperature. The method used in this study is modeling using Ordinary least squares (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). Data processing tools to support this research are ArcGIS and Google Earth Engine. The combination of ArcGIS and Google Earth Engine makes LST modeling more accurate. The measurement results show that the urbanization rate in the peri-urban area of Surakarta City, based on the parameters of land urbanization and urban form, tends to move to the South and West sides with a higher population in areas close to Surakarta City. The results of this study show that GWR modeling is better at explaining the relationship of urbanization with LST than OLS models based on AICc numbers. The relationship of urbanization with population parameters, population density, percentage of built-up land, and urban form with LST using the GWR model of 66.17% and the OLS model reveals that urbanization.Keywords: GWR; LST; OLS; Urbanization; Urban form
Identification of Urban Expansion Driving Factors using CA-Markov model: a Case Study Demak and Jepara Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Hanafi Fahrudin , Setiawan Fajar , Putro Sutanto Trijuni
Published: August 2024

Land cover changes are a critical concern in a developing country where rapid urbanization and population growth intersect with environmental dynamics. Understanding the driving forces behind these changes is essential for sustainable development and effective land management.Â This study analyzes land cover changes in Demak-Jepara regency, Indonesia, over a 20-year period using Landsat data. The objective is to identify the dominant factors driving the increase in built-up areas, considering both natural and human-induced factors. Factors such as road distance, existing build area, and natural features are evaluated.Â Using ArcGIS and Idrisi Selva's Land Change Modeler, land cover data is processed, and Cellular Automata-Markov analysis is conducted. The study considers a cell size of 30 x 30 meters and a time step of 5 years from 2001 to 2009. Transition persistence analysis identifies significant factors, validated using 2020 land cover data through AUC (Area Under the Curve) and ROC (Relative Operating Characteristic) analysis. The combination of natural and human-induced factors (scenario-C) shows the highest AUC value of 0.9406, indicating better conformity with 2020 land cover. Dominant factors in scenario C include roads, existing built-up areas, river order, and slope gradient. Results reveal that road development and proximity to existing settlements are the primary drivers of land cover changes. Natural factors like river order and slope gradient have a lesser impact, while the coastline has minimal influence. These findings highlight the importance of considering both natural and human-induced factors in land use planning. They provide valuable insights for policymakers andÂ land managers in making informed decisions for sustainable development and land use strategies.Â Keywords:Â Land Cover Changes; Driving Factors;Â Natural Factors; CA-Markov; Sustainable Development
Economic Development of Communities with Sustainable Living Approach in Block A Ex-Million-Hectare Land Project in Mangkatip Village
Authors: Nasir Darmae , Wisman Yossita , Hidayat Nasrullah
Published: August 2024

This type of research is Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method research, namely planning, observing, implementing and evaluating activities together in empowerment activities. Data collection techniques were collected using questionnaires and interviews from the community. This research shows that a sustainable livelihood development program in the context of community economic development on a rural scale needs to be carried out, as is the case with Mangkatip Village, a village located in the Ex-Peatland Project Area (PLG). The people's economy in Mengkatip Village is still based on agriculture and is highly dependent on natural resources. A community economic development approach with a sustainable livelihood approach can be implemented in household economic development in a Mengkatip village. Developing a household economy based on a sustainable livelihood approach is a responsible way to maintain ecological and social balance. The Million Hectare Land Project is a project that is considered to cause various environmental problems. Not only about the physical environment but also about society and the humanities. To address this, a sustainable approach has been taken. Therefore, planning for economic empowerment through sustainable resource development is very important in areas experiencing environmental degradation.Keywords: Development; Social Economy; Sustainable.
The role of the principle of proportionality in the development of modern constitutionalism
Authors: Romashko A. O.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the formal and substantive interrelationship between the principle of proportionality and modern constitutionalism, elucidating the essence of the phenomenon of constitutionalism through its characteristics and the role of the principle of proportionality in its establishment and development. Based on the works of domestic and foreign researchers on constitutionalism, it has been assumed that the key value and feature of modern constitutionalism is the limitation of state arbitrariness, the inadmissibility of unjustified interference (restriction) of human rights and freedoms, and the partnership relations between the individual and the state. This, in turn, must be guaranteed, ensured, measured, and evaluated by specific legal instruments, one of the most important and applicable of which is the principle of proportionality. The impact of the principle of proportionality on the development of constitutionalism is analyzed through its function and purpose, demonstrating the direct dependence of the exercise of state power based on the constitution and in accordance with the principle of the rule of law on the adherence to the principle of proportionality by public administration.
The provision that real constitutionalism can only be discussed when all its values are considered and protected in the process of law-making and law enforcement, not at an abstract-formal level, but in each specific case of interference (restriction) of human rights, subjected to a consistent and structured proportionality test, has received further development.
It is concluded that the principle of proportionality plays a key role in the development of modern constitutionalism. Considering the contemporary challenges faced by human rights and freedoms, it has been concluded that the principle of proportionality is the safeguard intended to protect human rights and freedoms by addressing questions regarding the legitimate aim of certain state actions, the necessity of such actions, the adequacy and relevance of the means chosen by the state to achieve such an aim, the balance between the potential benefit for public interests and the extent of the restriction of rights, etc., which is a crucial factor not only in ensuring but also in developing modern constitutionalism.
Execution of decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine: separate doctrinal approaches
Authors: Bielova M. V. , Danko V. Y. , Byelov D. M.
Published: August 2024

It is indicated that the key problem in the activity of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine is ensuring the implementation of its decisions. Without solving this issue, it is impossible to guarantee the supremacy of the Constitution, the principle of separation of powers and the existence of an independent judicial branch of government as a separate institution. Ignoring the decisions of the constitutional control body undermines the very system of checks and balances, the authority of the Basic Law and the constitutional order in the country in general. These principles underlie the implementation of decisions of constitutional courts, the purpose of which is to ensure constitutional legality. In Ukraine, the mechanism for the implementation of the decisions of the Central Committee of Ukraine has already been developed in general, but there are problems related to the non-implementation of some of its decisions for a long time. Therefore, the task of further improvement of this mechanism and its proper legislative regulation remains relevant.
The authors claim that Ukraine has already developed a mechanism for implementing decisions of the Constitutional Court. However, this system is not perfect, which is evidenced by the fact of non-execution of individual court decisions. Therefore, the issue of continuing the work on improving the existing mechanism for implementing decisions of the body of constitutional jurisdiction, securing it properly at the legislative level, remains urgent. At the same time, the problem of the quality of such execution comes to the fore, for the solution of which it is necessary to develop criteria for the effectiveness of the execution of court decisions, which will allow to assess the quality of the legal acts that are introduced and the work of the responsible entities. Both outlined problems definitely need further thorough scientific research.
In addition, according to the authors, it should be noted that the issues of the legal nature of the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the criteria for the effective implementation of its decisions remain interacting categories and, therefore, require thorough scientific study. At the same time, clarifying the legal force of the Court’s legal positions is complicated by the lack of their legislative definition, by a certain difficulty in understanding the role and place of the body of constitutional jurisdiction in the system of state power. At the same time, the legal positions have a normative and mandatory character, reflected in the acts of the KSU. The need to ensure their immutability follows from the principles of legal certainty and stability of the Constitution. However, the possibility of revising some legal positions in connection with the change in the socio-political structure of the state is gaining relevance.
Types and characteristics of human rights limitations
Authors: Kostenko I. , Semeshchuk A.
Published: August 2024

The scientific article explored various aspects of limitations on human rights and freedoms, including their classification, mechanisms, and application features. The article highlighted the distinction between direct restrictions on rights and limitations on their implementation, as well as voluntary and compulsory limitations.
The main principle of the study was to ensure a balance between the protection of individual rights and the state’s need to ensure security and order. Various types of limitations that may arise in times of war or emergency were analyzed in detail, taking into account their legality, proportionality, and justification.
Restrictions on human rights are only temporary in nature. Human rights can be limited only if this is directly provided for by the Constitution of Ukraine and does not contradict the norms of international law. Only in this case, restrictions can be considered legitimate and legal.
It is also necessary to say that from the point of view of practical application, the problem of the relationship between private rights and state activity is particularly important for constitutional law: on the one hand, the state, and on the other, a person. We mean that the state is created by people for themselves, in order to protect their rights, but again, the state arises as a response to the inability of human society to live without it, without its power and limitations, the state becomes, as it were, the highest manifestation of social organization and order, the only guarantor of security, stability and development.
To date, the issue of restrictions on human and citizen rights in the rule of law by state authorities has become the most urgent. The main facts of violation of human and citizen rights are violations by the state, as well as violations by individuals.
The legislation of Ukraine stipulates that the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen can be limited only to the extent that it is necessary for the security of the state, the population and the defense of the country. Therefore, the establishment of certain prohibitions caused by the specified legal regime should be of an exclusively temporary nature.
The article also discussed the classification of human rights based on their content and the possibility of limitation, providing a basis for further research in this area. Thus, important aspects of restricting human and citizen rights were revealed, contributing to an understanding of their essence and scope.
Hague choice of court convention: current state of affairs and application issues
Authors: Aleksiichuk V. V.
Published: August 2024

The article provides a scientific and practical analysis of international legal aspects relating to the issue of determining the exclusive jurisdiction of a dispute by means of a choice of court agreement, which is quite relevant, since the ratification of the relevant Convention, which was signed in 2014, took place during the martial law regime, which complicates the process of implementing the provisions of the Convention in the Ukrainian legal system.
The author analyses the current Ukrainian legislation in the area of determining the jurisdiction of private law relations with a foreign element, in particular, proceedings in cases related to the jurisdiction determination procedure, and international documents in the area of choice of court agreements, such as the Laws of Ukraine «On International Private Law», «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine in connection with the Ratification of the Convention on Choice of Court Agreements», the Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements and the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. The author identifies certain problems of enforcement of the choice of court agreement in the judicial system of Ukraine and issues of procedural protection of the parties to the agreement.
It is noted that currently there is no definition of an exclusive choice of court agreement in national legislation and there are problems in the enforcement of a Ukrainian court decision by other states where no agreement on legal assistance has been concluded. The difficulty of applying the Convention on Choice of Court Agreements in comparison with the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards has been proven, which may lead to differences in the practice of use among the countries that are parties to the Convention.
The author identifies the need to expand Article 4-1 of the Law of Ukraine «On Private International Law» and improve the implementation of disputes involving an exclusive choice of court agreement.
The author emphasises the need to resolve problematic issues, as this will positively affect the international legal image of the state and prepare further legislative changes for more effective synthesis of the legal systems of Ukraine and the EU member states.
Determining general and specific subject matters of proving in cases on establishing child’s place of residence
Authors: Anishchenko K. M.
Published: August 2024

The scientific article is focused on studying the topical issue of determining the general and specific subject matters of proving in cases on establishing child’s place of residence. It has been noted that the number of family disputes on establishing children’s place of residence has increased due to the ongoing armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine.
The author of the article has proved that the correct definition of the subject matter of proving in cases on establishing child’s place of residence has important practical and theoretical significance.
The author of the work supports the position of scholars (Ya. M. Sadykov and others) regarding the possibility of distinguishing the general subject matter of proving within a specific category of civil cases and the specific subject matter of proving depending on the circumstances of a certain civil case.
Determining the general subject matter of proving in cases on establishing child’s place of residence it is necessary to ensure the best interests of a child (preamble to the Law of Ukraine “On the Protection of Childhood”).
The author of the article has supported the conclusion (V.O. Kucher) about the possibility of distinguishing the following general subject matter of proving in cases on establishing child’s place of residence: the circumstances characterizing the parties in the case (personal and moral characteristics of a mother and a father, availability of permanent income, proper living conditions, etc.). Characteristics that can negatively affect the upbringing of a child, as well as establishment of his / her place of residence, can be: abuse of alcoholic beverages, narcotic substances, being under dispensary supervision, being brought to criminal or administrative liability, immoral behavior, bad habits; relations between parents and a child (fulfilment by parents of duties defined by law; mutual understanding between each parent and a child; the possibility of creating proper and safe conditions for a child’s life, upbringing, development and education); circumstances related to a child (age of a child, his / her health status, special needs of a child, consent of a child to live with one of the parents, personal loyalty of a child to each of the parents); other circumstances that are important for the case.
The author of the work has concluded that the specific subject matter of proving depends on the circumstances of a certain civil case.
Institutional and legal prerequisites for the formation of the highest authorities of the Ukrainian People’s Republic of the Directory period during the Hetmanate (May 21 - December 14, 1918): historical and legal research
Authors: Dzeiko Zh. O.
Published: August 2024

A historical and legal study of the institutional and legal prerequisites for the formation of the highest authorities of the UPR during the Directory during the Hetmanate (May 21 – December 14, 1918) was carried out.
The process of formation of bodies that have gone through the evolution from public to the highest state bodies of the UPR during the Directory, began during the functioning of the Ukrainian State. The struggle for the restoration of the UPR was carried out by: the Ukrainian National Union, the Directory, the Council of Heads of State Affairs, the Council of Commissars, the Revolutionary Committee.
Of greatest importance in the struggle against the Hetman was the creation of party and trade union organizations on May 21, 1918. Ukrainian National-State Union, which in August 1918 was renamed the Ukrainian National Union – an alternative public body to the existing state apparatus, which claimed to be transformed into a constituent state power.
The directory was created on November 14, 1918. Ukrainian National Union. Links of this public institution were: the head of the Directory and members of the Directory, one of whom was the Chief Ataman. At the beginning of December 1918 departments were established under the Directory.
In the process of struggle for the creation of the UPR in December 1918 the Council of Commissars was created – a public authority, which in fact was a prototype of the executive body of the UNR.
After the abdication of power by the Hetman of Ukraine on December 14, 1918 The Directory, the Council of Commissars acquired the legal status of the highest bodies of state power of the UPR. Soon, instead of the Council of Commissioners, the Directorate created the Council of People’s Ministers – the government of the UPR.
The formation of the UPR during the Directory was facilitated by the revolution in Germany, the support of the Entente. The stage of the struggle between the supporters of the Directory and the Hetman (May 21 – December 14, 1918) can be considered as the preparatory stage for the formation of the highest authorities of the UPR during the Directory, which was imposed on the period of the existence of the Ukrainian State.
Good conscience of the debtor in the bankruptcy procedure: legal and moral and psychological dimension
Authors: Selevko V. , Fedosenko N.
Published: August 2024

At the current stage, the issue of bankruptcy of legal entities has been thoroughly worked out, has clearly defined and justified legal and economic mechanisms, works effectively not only in the world, but also in Ukraine. However, the issue of bankruptcy of individuals remains unresolved. The main problem is the ethical and psychological aspect of the bankruptcy procedure of an individual. Here there is a conflict of interests between the protection of the rights and freedoms of an individual as a citizen and the protection of the rights and interests of creditors.
The article examines the good faith of the debtor in the bankruptcy procedure, focusing on legal and moral and psychological dimensions. The bankruptcy procedure is a complex process that affects both the legal position of the debtor and his psychological state. The good faith of the debtor is defined as a key principle that ensures the fairness and efficiency of bankruptcy procedures.
The legislative framework that regulates the good faith of the debtor in Ukraine is analyzed, in particular the requirements for the behavior of the debtor at various stages of bankruptcy. The legal consequences of unscrupulous behavior are considered, such as the possibility of bankruptcy rejection or the imposition of additional sanctions.
The moral and psychological dimension of good faith includes ethical norms and principles that influence the debtor’s decisions and his interaction with creditors and other interested parties. The psychological pressure experienced by the debtor during the bankruptcy procedure can affect his ability to act in good faith, so it is important to take this aspect into account when evaluating his behavior.
The article also explores the socio-psychological consequences of bankruptcy, such as stigmatization and loss of reputation, which can affect the debtor’s integrity. Proposals are made to improve legislation to ensure greater transparency and fairness in bankruptcy procedures, as well as recommendations to support debtors on a psychological level. The changes proposed by the authors of the article will contribute to increasing the level of good faith of debtors, ensuring a fair and humane approach to solving bankruptcy problems.
The main ways of improving the conclusion of transactions
Authors: Flyazhnikova Y. V. , Yuzko T. M.
Published: August 2024

This article is devoted to consideration and proposals regarding the main ways of improving the conclusion of transactions in civil law. The deed in civil law is considered as the main element of annulment, change, or termination of civil legal relations between their participants.
The article draws attention to the peculiarities of the conclusion of deeds, and also considers the difficulties that arise in judicial practice in distinguishing the concept of “deeds” from related concepts.
At the same time, this article analyzes some aspects of judicial practice arising from the problem of understanding and defining unilateral transactions, where it is noted that they include: issuance and cancellation of a power of attorney; acceptance or preservation of the done thing; notification by one co-owner to other co-owners about the sale of their share in joint ownership; property sale proposal; a public promise of a reward for finding a lost thing; drawing up, changing and revoking a will; acceptance of inheritance and rejection of it, etc.
Also, this article takes into account the fact that when considering disputes about the invalidity of transactions, courts need to distinguish between invalid and unconcluded transactions, that is, those that do not have the necessary conditions for their conclusion established by law (for example, there is no agreement on all the essential conditions provided for by law.
In the conclusions, the main ways of improving the conclusion of transactions are proposed, which include the following: economic - the conclusion of transactions is carried out in order to ensure and improve the state of the general economy of the country; political - the conclusion of transactions in civil law between participants in civil legal relations ensures the general well-being of the state and the well-being of society in general; social – the conclusion of transactions between participants in civil legal relations is determined by the social policy of the state, where the legal status of a person and a citizen plays a significant role; legal - the conclusion of transactions in civil law is determined by legal aspects, where transactions are concluded between participants in civil legal relations in accordance with the current provisions of normative legal acts; cultural - it is planned to carry out cultural and educational work, which will involve the implementation of certain measures that will have a positive effect on the improvement of the procedure for concluding transactions between participants in civil legal relations in accordance with the requirements of current legislation.
Higher legal education in Ukraine: vectors of reforms
Authors: Hryshchenko A. I.
Published: August 2024

It is indicated that the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, which has been going on for the third year, and the progress of European integration processes taking place in our country, require overcoming challenges in the field of higher legal education. One of the important such challenges is the increase in demand from employers for qualified graduates of higher educational institutions who have modern theoretical and practical training in the fields of tax, administrative, contractual, economic and corporate law. At the same time, there is a high demand among employers for specialists who specialize in the field of corporate relations for legal support of the business activities of international corporations working in the agricultural and other sectors of the Ukrainian economy; participation in international and national arbitration and commercial courts in the consideration of corporate disputes in the interests of companies that do not fulfill their obligations in favor of counterparties that maintain relations with the aggressor state or sanctioned persons; judicial protection of corporate rights of foreign and domestic investors; protection in international arbitrations of the interests of Ukrainian business companies that supply material property for the Armed Forces of Ukraine in case of violation of their obligations to them by foreign companies; participation in legal proceedings regarding the recovery of funds and other assets from sanctioned persons in favor of Ukraine or its business entities, etc.
The article examines ways of reforming higher legal education in the conditions of armed aggression of russian federation against Ukraine and its European integration into the European Union. The current requirements of employers for law graduates of higher educational institutions are analyzed. The proposed vectors of reforming the educational process, in particular, from the corporate law course, through the introduction of innovative educational programs that meet international world standards, including EU requirements in the field of higher legal education. The need to develop and use interdisciplinary educational programs for the training of lawyers is substantiated. It is recommended that a separate section in these programs provide for the teaching of a corporate law course. Suggested topics from this course include, in particular, corporate law under martial law; adaptation of Ukrainian corporate legislation to the legislation of the European Union - status and prospects; the accession of Ukraine to the European Union as a factor in its victory over russian aggressor country and other topics. A comparative analysis of EU directives and regulations and Ukrainian legislation regulating corporate relations was made.