Investigation of the consistency of changes in the wavelet phase characteristics of heliocosmic and climatic variables and changes in the components of the word water balance. Part 3
Authors: Alekseev Valeriy I. 
Published: November 2023

The relevance of research is due to the need to establish the true causes and patterns of changes in the hydrometric characteristics of the global water balance as a whole and its components, natural environments on Earth.

Purpose of research: to establish patterns and causes of changes in the components of the global water balance on Earth: trends in the increase in water mass reserves, dynamics of the water balance of the South Seas of Europe, the Black Sea, dynamics of levels of the Indian Ocean, Western and Central Pacific Ocean, Eastern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, level fluctuations of the World Ocean, changes in sea ice cover, river resources, reservoirs, variability of sea levels in the Arctic Ocean according to observations at coastal stations, changes in the balance of ice masses in glacial areas, changes in interseasonal thawing in the permafrost zones of the continent.

Objects of research: time series of heliocosmic, climatic variables, hydrometric characteristics of the components of the global water balance.

Methods of research: developed by the author, a method for interaction of observations of a variable or variables with groups of specified heliocosmic and climatic factors in the frequency and time domains, obtained using wavelet transformations of observations with the calculation of phase-frequency and phase-time characteristics in equal time intervals; comparative analysis of changes in the obtained phase characteristics of groups of variables with the calculation of their consistency matrices and the construction of graphs in the frequency and time domains.

Main results of research: in the observed time intervals, in the trend of periodic changes in the reserves of water masses (glaciers, groundwater, lakes, reservoirs) in the frequency domain, significant negative unidirectional influences of changes in heliocosmic and multidirectional influences of climatic variables are observed; changes in the reserves of the World Ocean are more influenced by multidirectional changes in climatic factors compared to the unidirectional influences of heliocosmic factors; the frequency bands of changes in water mass reserves are less than the frequency bands of heliocosmic factors, due to the influence of climatic factors; The variability of water mass reserves on Earth is significantly and unidirectionally consistent with changes in evaporation, evaporation and precipitation on land, and in different directions with changes in cloudiness on the continents. Similar patterns are observed in changes in the water balance of the South Seas in Europe, the Black Sea, sea ice cover, river resources, reservoirs on land, ice mass balances in glacial areas, and interseasonal thawing in the permafrost zones of the continent. In the dynamics of the levels of the Indian, Western and Central Pacific, Eastern Pacific and Atlantic, fluctuations in the level of the World Ocean, significant multidirectional changes in levels in the frequency domain are observed on the effects of heliocosmic variables with the greatest influences of solar activity and long-term solar insolation, the Ap-index of geomagnetic activity, the parameter the ratio of plasma pressure to magnetic solar wind, changes in the ozone layer in the ionosphere, changes in the speed of rotation of the Earth, the influence of climate variables in the frequency domain with the greatest influences of solar radiation, precipitation, atmospheric processes, PTV is significant. The variability of sea levels in the Arctic Ocean, as observed at coastal stations, is characterized by significant multidirectional changes in the frequency domain due to the influence of heliocosmic and climatic factors, multidirectional mutual consistency of the component levels of the ocean seas, caused by anomalous changes in the Earths magnetic field in areas of the Northern Hemisphere. In changes in the phase-time characteristics of groups of factors, lattice structures of differently and unidirectional changes in variables are observed, characterizing the cyclical nature of climate change on Earth.