bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Erythema nodosum in rheumatic diseases
Authors: Egorova О. N. , Belov В. S.
Published: April 2019

The review is devoted to erythema nodosum (UE), which is a typical variant of septal panniculitis without vasculitis and is a  nonspecific immune inflammatory syndrome. Often, UE acts as one of the symptoms of systemic pathology, including rheumatic  diseases (RH), sarcoidosis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, cancer, etc., which can cause late diagnosis and, accordingly, the  appointment of adequate therapy.
Pedagogika ogólna jako wprowadzenie do humanistyki – hermeneutyka kapitału symbolicznego i odzyskiwanie ciemnych iskier tradycji
Authors: Maliszewski Krzysztof
Published: April 2019

Pedagogika ogólna jako miejsce formułowania podstawowej myśli pedagogicznej nie stanowi zamkniętego pola o określonej tematyce, ale punkt widzenia określający to, co istotne we wszystkich subdyscyplinach pedagogiki oraz w praktyce wychowawczej. Zadaniem tak pomyślanej pedagogiki ogólnej jest wprowadzanie całej dziedziny w newralgiczne debaty humanistyki – dostarczanie kontekstów do nieustannego (re)definiowania tego, co pedagogiczne. A ponieważ humanistyka to w dużej mierze hermeneutyczna „praca w tradycji”, pedagogika ogólna jawi się jako perspektywa troski o tradycje pedagogiki. Niniejszy tekst tak właśnie lokuje pedagogikę ogólną, starając się jednocześnie odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czym jest, a czym nie jest produktywna troska o tradycję.
Edukacja jako symulakrum
Authors: Głażewski Michał
Published: April 2019

Artykuł odnosi się do pojęcia symulakrum, metafory stworzonej przez Jeana Baudrillarda w pracy Symulakry i symulacja w 1981 r., w którym stara się on zbadać związki między rzeczywistością, symbolami i społeczeństwem, a w szczególności określić znaczenie i symbolikę – kultury i mediów, które są zaangażowane w konstruowanie rozumienia wspólnej egzystencji. Symulakry to kopie, przedstawiające rzeczy, kopie, które albo od początku nie miały oryginału, albo już pierwotny, źródłowy oryginał zatraciły. Symulacja jest imitacją działania rzeczywistego procesu lub systemu w czasie. Celem rozważań artykułu jest rozbiór zakresu semantycznego symulacyjnej funkcji edukacji w kontekście pytania o przydatność metafory symulakrum jako heurystycznego narzędzia tej analizy. Praca składa się z czterech części: 1. Edukacja – uściślenie terminologiczne; 2. Pytanie o symulacyjną funkcję edukacji; 3. Symulakrum jako heurystyczne narzędzie analizy edukacji; 4. Edukacja jako symulakrum hipermarketu.
Organization of health-preserving activities of the headmasters of general educational institutions
Authors: Gres Oksana , Ionova Elena , Partola Viktoriia
Published: April 2019

The technology stages for the implementation of health-preserving activities by the manager of the general educational institution (GEI) were substantiated, namely: orientational (the development of the orientation of the manager of the GEI for the implementation of health-preserving activities, which is facilitated by familiarization of managers with the most important problems and experience of health development through education and comprehensive promotion of teacher training, considering their  personal needs and interests); cognitive (strengthening of the epistemological potential of the manager by systematization and generalization of professionally significant knowledge and ideas about the basics of human health and management of its preservation in the process of education); activity-productive (practical actions to plan, ensure, motivate and control the health-preserving of schoolchildren, which requires improvement of the set of skills associated with the implementation of management functions, and involves the use of active-discussion forms and methods of education and self-educational work).
Działanie Ducha Świętego w przekazie słowa Bożego
Authors: Urbanek Beata
Published: April 2019

Nowy Testament w wielu miejscach przedstawia związki pomiędzy Duchem Świętym a słowem Bożym. Po pierwsze, dar Ducha konieczny jest do rozpoznania, przyjęcia i zrozumienia słowa przekazywanego bezpośrednio przez Boga człowiekowi. Następnie przepowiadanie słowa oraz wzbudzenie i rozwój wiary dokonuje się Jego mocą, to znaczy Duch oddziałuje nie tylko na głosiciela, lecz także na odbiorców. Skuteczność głoszenia wynika właśnie z działania Ducha Świętego. W końcu, także spisane na kartach Biblii słowo Boże wywiera wpływ na czytelnika i słuchacza, gdyż tchnie Duchem.
Atitudes negativas em relação à aprendizagem da lí­ngua inglesa: resistência, ideologia e o processo de autoexclusão
Authors: Anjos Flávius Almeida dos
Published: April 2019

Ancorado em pressupostos teóricos da Linguí­stica Aplicada, este artigo versa sobre posicionamentos desfavoráveis em relação à aprendizagem da lí­ngua inglesa, no contexto da escola pública regular. Desse modo, a temática central em torno de que gira este trabalho são as atitudes negativas em relação à aprendizagem da lí­ngua inglesa, cuja raiz está na resistência dos aprendizes em aprender a lí­ngua inglesa e na ideologia dominante. Ao ter tal atitude, aprendizes acabam permitindo a consolidação do processo de autoexclusão da aprendizagem. O objetivo deste artigo é tratar da origem das atitudes negativas e a sua relação com a desmotivação. A reflexão proposta aqui evidencia a necessidade de se ter uma postura crí­tica frente í s atitudes negativas, buscando desvendar as suas origens a fim de extingui-las. Ainda são apresentados resultados de uma pesquisa etnográfica, realizada com dois grupos de estudantes, oriundos da escola pública, na cidade de Cachoeira, no Recôncavo Baiano, cujo objetivo foi investigar a ocorrência das atitudes negativas. A pesquisa que englobou aplicação de questionário, entrevista com alunos e observação de aulas, dentre diversos achados interessantes, levou à compreensão do que realmente acontece no contexto instrucional.
Os mecanismos enunciativos na produção de leitura de uma crônica por uma agente-leitora universitária
Authors: Gonçalves Fabí­ola Mônica da Silva , Ferreira Sandra Patrí­cia Ataí­de
Published: April 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar uma situação de linguagem gerada pela produção de leitura de uma crônica por uma agente-leitora universitária. Para tanto, optou-se pela perspectiva teórica e epistemológica do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD). Ademais, este trabalho aborda como componente central a última camada do folhado textual por colaborar com a discursividade e a produção de sentidos na interação com o texto (BRONCKART, 2007). Em termos do posicionamento enunciativo, o ISD esclarece a regência das vozes, na visão bakhtiniana, como expressas no texto que corporificam diversas avaliações sobre determinados aspectos do conteúdo temático veiculados neste instrumento de mediação de linguagem verbal (VIGOTSKI, 2004; 2009; BAKHTIN, 1992/2003; GENETTE et al, 1986; GENETTE, 1979). Assumiu-se o enfoque de pesquisa qualitativa (GIL, 2009) e a produção dos dados consistiu em uma sessão de entrevista com uma estudante universitária do curso de Pedagogia de uma Universidade pública federal de Recife/PE, identificada ficticiamente por Sofia, que também já atuava como professora no momento da pesquisa. Como resultado, observou-se que Sofia produziu uma compreensão de leitura por meio de ações de linguagem interconectadas entre autor-texto-leitor, concepção esta que embasa uma posição de leitura ativa, colaborativa e crí­tico-reflexiva (MARCUSCHI, 2008; ORLANDI, 2006). Então, fica patente que ler não é apenas decodificar, uma vez que o ato de compreender o que se lê é uma atividade vinculada í s práticas socioculturais, e o gênero de texto é um dos materiais semióticos que favorece a comunicação verbal entre os agentes de linguagem envolvidos numa situação comunicativa.
A escrita processual do gênero textual carta de reclamação no ensino fundamental
Authors: Alves Ana Paula Martins , Serafim Mônica de Souza , Nogueira Marí­lio Salgado
Published: April 2019

Esta pesquisa investigou o processo de apropriação do gênero carta de reclamação, com base em uma Sequência Didática, de alunos do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública municipal de Fortaleza. No ambiente escolar, diversas ocasiões de escrita e de fala são oferecidas aos alunos, sem que estas sejam necessariamente o objeto de um ensino sistemático. No entanto, Schneuwly e Dolz (2004) defendem que os alunos se apropriem de noções, de técnicas e de instrumentos necessários ao desenvolvimento de suas capacidades de expressão oral e escrita, em situações diversas de comunicação, é preciso criar contextos de produção precisos e efetuar atividades ou exercí­cios múltiplos e variados relacionados í s caracterí­sticas de cada gênero textual. Pautamo-nos nos pressupostos de Schneuwly e Dolz (2004) e Boissinot (1992) para identificarmos os elementos constituintes do gênero carta de reclamação e analisarmos a progressão temática no gênero escolhido. Os dados evidenciaram que as dificuldades relativas ao domí­nio da estrutura composicional do gênero em estudo estão relacionadas à orientação didática dos trabalhos pedagógicos em sala de aula. Constatamos, ainda, que os alunos que apresentaram fuga total ao tema na produção inicial conseguiram desenvolver a temática nas duas últimas produções; a progressão temática, apresentada por meio da reclamação, seguida de reivindicação, também, foi aprimorada pelos redatores e, por fim, verificou-se a adequação das reclamações feitas nas últimas cartas produzidas.
Development of Algorithms and Software Systems for Motion Control of a Robotic Tillage Unit
Authors: Lobachevsky Yakov P. , Lonin Sergey E. , Alekseev Ilya S. , Goncharov Nikolay T. , Afonina Irina I. , Il'chenko Ekaterina N.
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Automation of agricultural machinery is aimed at solving specific practical tasks: control and maintenance of the technological process quality, increasing labor productivity as well as crop yields. The method of "precision farming" is economically expedient, since it is a direct saving of technological material, as well as it helps reducing the negative impact on the environment and farm produce. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to review and analyze the main aspects required to develop the algorithms and software for motion control systems for a robotic tillage unit. (Materials and methods) To implement process control, it is necessary to control the direction of travel along a specified path, change the speed of movement depending on the engine load, switching the transmission gears. Physical-and-mechanical characteristics of the unit are rather heterogeneous and depend on weather conditions. Therefore, the algorithm for controlling the power of the robotic mobile unit must take into account, as much as possible, variations in the external effects of drawbar properties and the motion resistance, as a random factor. (Results and discussion) The authors have developed an imitation model representing the movement of a robotic unit. For the simulation, use has been made of a cyclic trajectory of the unit movement, consisting of two types of sections: the rectilinear ones reflecting the soil tillage pattern, and the turn areas where the unit makes a turn along a curvilinear trajectory around a certain center. (Conclusions) The implementation of robotic technologies in agricultural production result in increased technical, technological, production and economic indicators of agricultural units in field work, increased labor productivity, reduced time required for fieldworks, more rational use of bioenergy resources, increased yields of agricultural crops and reduced environmental impacts.
Determination of the Dielectric Loss Factor of a Grain-Air Mixture of Wheat
Authors: Budnikov Dmitriy A.
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The paper presents the data on the energy intensity of the heat treatment of grain during post-harvest processing caused by both the cost of energy and the grain moisture content. The development of processing modes using electrical technologies, in general, and electromagnetic fields, in particular, can make it possible to reduce the cost of these processes. Heat treatment is applied to the grain of various crops at the stages of drying, disinfection, preparation for feeding, etc. When developing them, it is necessary to take into account the types of applied electrical technologies, such as, for example, infrared fields, microwave fields, etc. (Research purpose) To determine the dielectric properties (dielectric loss coefficient) of a wheat grain-air mixture with a moisture content of 11-30 percents with a layer density of 220-660 kilogram per cubic meter. (Materials and methods) The authors present a diagram of a laboratory installation, carried out experimental studies to determine the dielectric loss coefficient of a fluidized bed of wheat grain. (Results and discussion) The authors conducted a two-factor experiment to determine the effect of moisture and density of a grain bulk on the dielectric loss factor, which determines the power absorbed from the microwave source. As a result, they obtained the studied relationships. (Conclusions) It was found that the dielectric loss coefficient at a grain moisture content of 11-30 percents is in the range of 0.18-0.42 for a dense grain bed of 660 kilogram per cubic meter, 0.06-0.15 for a fluidized bed (440 kilogram per cubic meter); and for a weighted bed (220 kilogram per cubic meter) 0.1-0.3. The authors calculated a dependence of the dielectric loss coefficient of a wheat grain-and-air layer on the grain moisture content and the layer density, which can be described by a polynomial model of a second power. The study showed that fluidization of the grain bed increases the efficiency of the microwave field, as due to a decrease in the dielectric loss coefficient, the depth of field penetration into the layer increases. It is recommended to use the microwave field in a dense bed of grain when drying wheat, thus reducing moisture from 16 to 14 percent.
Development and Determination of the Parameters of a Capacitive Seed Sowing Sensor for Row Crops
Authors: Zavrazhnov Anatoliy I. , Lobachevskiy Yakov P. , Pustovarov Nikita Yu.
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The development of a universal control system requires designing unified seed sowing sensors that allow controlling the sowing of seeds of different crops. (Research purpose) To provide theoretical grounds for the determination of parameters and installation location of a capacitive seeding sensor. (Materials and methods) In the course of the study, the authors have made theoretical calculations of the seed travel trajectories in mechanical and pneumatic sowing machines using the Mathcad and Microsoft Excel software systems, at various sowing machine frequencies: 11.5; 17.5 and 26.0 revolutions per minute as well as the calculation of the electrical parameters of the designed seeding sensor. Laboratory studies of the trajectory have been performed at the same rotational speeds of the sowing unit disc using high-speed seeding surveys on an experimental installation with subsequent processing of the obtained video materials. The optimum installation angle of the sensor has been experimentally studied from 0 to 67.5 degrees with a pace of 22.5 degrees to minimize the travel time of seeds through the sensitive area of the sensor, and as a result, to increase the sensor resolution using the developed software. (Results and discussion) Geometric and electrical parameters of the designed sowing sensor have been obtained, and its optimum location has been determined. (Conclusions) In the course of laboratory studies, data similar to the calculation results have been obtained; the relative value of the convergence coefficient between experimentally obtained and theoretical indicators does not exceed 0,55, provided these values are obtained at a distance less than the radius of seeds. The authors have experimentally determined the minimum distance between the sensor plates, which amounts to 20 millimetre, and calculated the electrical parameters of the sensor. They have also stated that the height of the sensitive zone should be at least 5 millimeters for reliable metering of individual seeds under these conditions. The obtained data allowed designing an experimental seeding sensor to determine the optimum angle and the sensor installation site. It has been concluded, that in order to minimize the travel time of seeds in the sensitive area of the sensor, the latter should be installed perpendicularly to the flight trajectory of the seeds.
Challenges to the mediatization of religion in Russia: towards a normative model
Authors: Khroul Victor Mikhailovich
Published: April 2019

Examining the development of religious media in Russia for last decades, author states low academic interest to this field of study and finds two main challenges to religious media. The first is deeply rooted in the post-communist religiosity - mostly nominal than practicing, the second challenge is caused by low impact of religious values on Russian media system in general and Russian TV in particular. Values dialogue faces three general problems: a) lack of values consensus, b) lack of religious selfarticulation and c) low level of social dialogue in the public sphere. Supporting British scholar N. Couldry’s call to the models of normative debate, author proposes a normative model of religious institutions and media professionals dialogue optimization, based on “pluralism - dialogue - consensus” concept of J. Habermas. The proposed model is focused on the basic principles of transparency and availability of the well-articulated religious values in a public sphere and presumes certain expectations from the religious institutions and media professionals. If “operationalized” from theoretical level to practical empirical indicators, the model could serve as a tool, matrix, check-list for the evaluation of the present condition for dialogue between religion and media in particular society.
Humor as a tool of political discourse: from media personalities to candidates for the presidency
Authors: Zhadanova Viktoriia Valeryevna , Shirobokov Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: April 2019

The research is concentrated on the increasing popularity of political context in humour if we take into account the state fragility, identified the manipulative properties of humorous content in general, as well in the research we have tried to evaluate the contribution that ridiculous things in speech make while shaping public opinion. Considering the changes in the sense of joke formation and formats of presenting content on TV by the leading production-company of Ukraine Studio “Quarter 95”, the authors concluded that both satirical and serious stand-ups or politically colored TV-series have a deep influence on the formation of civil position - the attitude towards the media person gains the nature of politically painted trust thanks to sharpness of reflection of real problems which disturb the population. By means of popular culture and television Vladimir Zelensky together with the group have opportunity to recite their citizenship. Above all, the result of the formation of public sentiments by the creative elite serves as a platform for electoral trust. The mentioned idea allows us to state that humor as a tool of political discourse is a weapon that gives visible results in the electoral campaign.
“Museum as a medium” concept: problem setting
Authors: Desyaeva Natal’ya Dmitrievna , Ryazanova Victoria Andreevna
Published: April 2019

The article deals with the main tasks of modern museums and the intersection of these tasks with the activities of the mass media. Creative museum spaces are becoming part of the media space, which necessitates their new positioning and study within the framework of the scientific specialization “journalism (philological sciences)”. The authors consider the functionality of museums as a new medium of communication, identify the most successful forms of presenting information, identify criteria identical with new media for evaluating the effectiveness of museum content. The authors emphasize the importance of the “museum as a medium” concept in terms of cross-platform and digitalization.
Zaufanie i odpowiedzialność modalnością generatywną w procesie wtórnej integracji osób karanych a lokalna sieć wsparcia w procesie przystosowania się wykluczanych do środowiska życia
Authors: Bałandynowicz Andrzej , Kieszkowska Anna
Published: April 2019

Humanizowanie systemu sprawiedliwości karzącej obejmuje pomoc w bezpośrednim rozumieniu oraz proces uczenia człowieka, aby zmienić zależność i niesamodzielność w stan samoorganizowania i osobistego kierowania swoim życiem. Oddziaływania pomocowe nie powinny być przeszkodą do indywidualnego rozwoju jednostki i wyzwolenia dynamizmu samopotwierdzenia. W procesie uczenia zaś należy uszanować możliwości i godność człowieka, gdyż wówczas jednostka, która spotyka się z szacunkiem odzyskuje wartość personalistyczną i może dobrowolnie uznać konieczność poprawy swojej sytuacji.Przystosowanie się winno być oparte na określonym systemie norm i wartości całego ogółu społecznego, wytyczającym określone cele i plany życiowe, które wraz z opiekunem mógłby wdrażać i realizować były więzień w środowisku życia.
Twórczość codzienna jako wartość w procesie readaptacji
Authors: Cudowska Agata
Published: April 2019

W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano znaczenie twórczości codziennej w procesie resocjalizacji. Przedstawiono różne ujęcia ludzkiej kreatywności jako podmiotowej cechy osobowej, podkreślając jej sens w intersubiektywnej przestrzeni aksjologicznej, oraz jej wymiar indywidualny i społeczny. Twórczość codzienną wpisano w narrację autorskiej koncepcji twórczych orientacji życiowych i wyeksponowano jej znaczenie w procesie twórczej resocjalizacji, w kształtowaniu się nowej tożsamości wychowanka. Scharakteryzowano niektóre uwarunkowania twórczości codziennej, zwrócono szczególną uwagę na możliwości rozwoju podmiotowej kreatywności dzięki kształtowaniu kultury twórczości w instytucjach oświatowych, w tym także resocjalizacyjnych.
Bezpieczeństwo jako fundament budowania procesu resocjalizacji, readaptacji i reintegracji w środowisku lokalnym.
Authors: Klonowska Iwona
Published: April 2019

Tekst traktuje o roli szeroko rozumianego bezpieczeństwa, jako niezbędnego fundamentu, do realizacji procesu resocjalizacji, reintegracji i readaptacji w środowisku lokalnym. Tylko poprawnie funkcjonujące otoczenie, kierujące się obowiązującymi, zgodnymi z prawem normami, jest zdolne do kreowania rzeczywistości koniecznej dla readaptacji, reintegracji i resocjalizacji jednostki.Otoczenie o którym mowa to środowisko lokalne którym dokonywać się powinny wspomniane procesy readaptacji, reintegracji, jak i proces resocjalizacji, który oparty winien być głównie na pracy na potencjałach i twórczym oddziaływaniom przy wsparciu środowiska lokalnego. W tekście odwołano się do koncepcji human security, wybranych teorii bezpieczeństwa rozumianych jako fundament oddziaływań na jednostki. Omówiono także znaczenie więzi społecznych i koncepcję ruchomych przestrzeni stanowiących przykład współdziałania instytucji i społeczeństwa. Rozważania konkluduje odniesienie do kapitału ludzkiego i społecznego tkwiącego w jednostkach. Tak szeroko rozumiane bezpieczeństwo służy tworzeniu dobrych podwalin pod właściwie realizowane procesy.
Rodzina w percepcji i ocenie osób odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności
Authors: Chańko – Kraszewska Anna
Published: April 2019

Definiując rodzinę jako system powiązanych elementów, pozostających ze sobą we wzajemnych relacjach, zakłada się, iż zrozumienie poszczególnych jej części nie jest możliwe w odseparowaniu od całości. Rozerwanie więzi przez izolację jednego z jej członków, doprowadza do zaburzeń systemu i konieczności przeorganizowania go. Jeśli jednostka zostaje umieszczona w instytucji penitencjarnej, skazana jest na długotrwałe wykluczenie ze swojej rodziny, co w konsekwencji prowadzi do rozregulowania systemu, a nawet - w sytuacji nieumiejętności poradzenia sobie ze zmianą - rozpadu rodziny.
Wybrane sposoby ochrony kobiet doświadczających przemocy małżeńskiej – uwarunkowania prawne a ocena praktyków
Authors: Halicka Małgorzata , Halicki Jerzy , Kramkowska Emilia , Czykier Krzysztof , Szafranek Anna
Published: April 2019

Przemoc małżeńska jest trudnym doświadczeniem, na zawsze albo na bardzo długo burzącym spokój życia rodzinnego, odbierającym pokrzywdzonym poczucie bezpieczeństwa – jedną z najważniejszych potrzeb człowieka. Wobec tego problemu nie można pozostać obojętnym. W związku z tym system prawny państwa zapewnia określone mechanizmy, mające chronić osoby doznające przemocy. Czy są to narzędzia skuteczne? Przedkładany artykuł omawia to zagadnienie, udzielając odpowiedzi na tak postawione pytanie, w oparciu o wyniki badań zrealizowanych w ramach międzynarodowego projektu SNaP „Special Needs and Protection Orders” z programu Daphne III. Badania o charakterze jakościowym (wielokrotne studium przypadku) przeprowadzono wśród praktyków, na co dzień zawodowo zajmujących się przemocą w rodzinie, uzupełnione zostały o wyniki analizy akt z Sądu Rejonowego w Białymstoku. W zależności od reprezentowanego obszaru pomocy, wybrane sposoby ochrony kobiet doświadczających przemocy małżeńskiej oceniane są przez praktyków inaczej, bardziej lub mnie pozytywnie. Polaryzacja opinii jest rzeczą naturalną. Nie ulega jednak wątpliwości, iż skuteczność zapewniania bezpieczeństwa osobom pokrzywdzonym w wyniku agresywnych zachowań domowników jest coraz większa, a o wciąż istniejących niedomaganiach systemu trzeba mówić, by zostały one w przyszłości udoskonalone.
A escassez do trabalho médico e os desafios no setor público
Authors: Bianchessi Jessica Vargas , Abreu Adriana Leal
Published: April 2019

RESUMOA centralidade do papel do médico na área da saúde e a dificuldade de atrair novos profissionais é motivo de preocupação dos gestores no serviço público. O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral identificar os fatores envolvidos na captação e retenção de médicos em uma fundação pública de direito privado. Tratou-se de estudo aplicado quanto à natureza da pesquisa, descritivo quanto aos objetivos, com abordagem qualitativa e documental com uso de dados secundários. Os resultados demonstraram que a remuneração e as condições de trabalho são fatores que contribuem para fixação de médicos. O estudo possibilitou identificar desafios a fim de promover ações de gestão que confiram às instituições públicas maior atratividade aos profissionais.Palavras-chave: equipe médica; setor público; recursos humanos; gestão em saúde. ABSTRACTThe centrality of the doctor in health area and the difficulty of attracting new professionals is a matter of concern for managers in the public service. The present study aimed to identify the factors involved in capturing and retaining physicians in a public foundation under private law. It was an applied study regarding the nature of the research, descriptive about the objectives, with a qualitative and documentary approach with use of secondary data. The results showed that remuneration and working conditions are factors that contribute to the fixation of physicians. The study made it possible to identify challenges in order to promote management actions that give public institutions greater attractiveness to professionals.Keywords: medical staff; public sector; human resources; health management.
Pulmonary Surfactant Preparations and Surfactant Therapy for ARDS in Surgical Intensive Care (a Literature Review)
Authors: Rosenberg O. A.
Published: April 2019

Introduction.Despite the fact that clinical studies of pulmonary surfactants conducted over many years have demonstrated their efficacy for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which led to their approval for use inRussia andBelarus, only a few similar positive results have been achieved in other countries. This calls for an extensive literature review for intensive care professionals.

Materials and methods.Using the data from 87 papers this review covers the composition, properties, methods of administration and delivery strategies of surfactant in the treatment and prevention of ARDS in patients with sepsis, severe complex injuries, inhalation injuries and a range of complications associated with thoracic and cardiovascular surgical procedures, massive blood transfusions, severe obstetric pathologies and the A/H1N1 pneumonia.

Results.The early administration of natural pulmonary surfactants within 24 hours following the onset of ARDS as a part of the ARDS combination treatment or prevention drives down the time on mechanical ventilation to six days or shorter, prevents ventilator-associated and hospital-acquired pneumonias, bringing the respiratory failure mortality rate down to 15–20%.

Discussion.Offering the first attempt to discuss the causes of failure of Phase III multicenter clinical trials outsideRussia andBelarus, this review outlines recent developments in synthetic and powdered pulmonary surfactant preparations.

Conclusion. Pulmonary surfactants are highly effective as a part of complex therapy in ARDS treatment and prevention, resulting in two to four fold drop in ARDS mortality rate. The timing of administration is seen as the key factor of the efficacy of surfactant therapy, explaining the differences in clinical trials results from different countries.
Professional Limitations and Capabilities of People with Various Disabilities
Authors: Misiak Małgorzata Dorota
Published: April 2019

The availability for work and durability of employment of disabled people depends on a range of factors. These are factors of demographic-social, cultural, economic, legal, organizational-institutional nature. These are also factors of biomedical nature (psychological-personal and medical) that shape individual functional abilities of the individual, i.a. the nature of cognitive processes, knowledge acquisition, development of skills and competences that are significant from the point of view of professional path, efficiency of work that is provided, mobility, flexibility or adaptability skills. The aim of this paper is to discuss functional nature of people with various disabilities in the context of professional limitations and capabilities.
Economic development possibilities of the city of Suchedniów
Authors: Miernik Adam Andrzej
Published: April 2019

Suchedniów is a city located in the northern part of the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship and has a rich industrial history. Since the turn of the 80's and 90's, the city has not found any effective ways for the local development. The aim of the presented article is to explore the development possibilities of Suchedniów with an indication of tourism and spa. Another goal is to analyze the tourist preferences of Polish residents, which give the picture of tourism and the sense of its development in the city. Another purpose of this article was to investigate the current health resort situation in Poland to find out whether the city's health-related development is justified. The adopted research methodology was based on surveys conducted among Polish citizens. These data provided information about the tourist preferences of Polish people. The received information also showed development trends in tourism in Poland. Another, alternative research method was critical analysis of literature and available information on the Internet. In this case, the internet is a very important source of information, because dynamic changes in this sector cause the information in the literature to be outdated. Conclusions resulting from the article show that there is a possibility of introducing tourist and health development paths in Suchedniów. Research and analysis shows that Suchedniów has the possibilities and conditions to go away from the industrial model and face towards tourism and spa. The present conditions and tourist preferences of Poles are also conducive to this type of transformation.
El motor metafórico y la fundamentación retórico-cultural de su activación
Authors: Albaladejo Tomás
Published: April 2019

En este artículo me ocupo del motor metafórico como componente de un modelo teórico de la metáfora con fundamentación retórico-cultural. El motor metafórico es estudiado en la dimensión de producción y en la dimensión de recepción y es explicado como el componente central del modelo teórico de la metáfora puesto que proporciona al modelo un equilibrio dinámico entre los procesos de creación y los procesos de interpretación de las metáforas. La función de los elementos culturales en la activación y el funcionamiento del motor metafórico es un activo para la construcción del código comunicativo retórico-cultural que conecta a los autores y a los receptores en la comunicación literaria y retórica. Se analiza el caso del personaje cervantino Preciosa y su pandereta como fundamentos culturales de una metáfora del Romancero gitano de García Lorca.
Angiographic performance of a novel sirolimus-coated balloon in native coronary lesions: the FAtebenefratelli SIrolimus COated NATIVES prospective registry
Authors: Cortese Bernardo , Pellegrini Dario , Latini Roberto A. , Di Palma Gaetano , Perotto Anna , Orrego Pedro S.
Published: April 2019

Aims

To evaluate the angiographic performance of a novel sirolimus-coated balloon (SCB) in de novo coronary lesions.

Methods

Out of an all-comer prospective registry of patients treated with the SCB at our center from April 2016 to September 2017, we selected those treated for a de novo stenosis on a native vessel, with a scheduled angiographic control at at least 4 months after the index procedure. We performed a centralized, blinded core-lab adjudicated quantitative coronary angiography analysis. Primary endpoint was late lumen loss. Secondary endpoints were binary restenosis and target-lesion revascularization.

Results

A total of 27 patients with native coronary arteries treated with SCB and with angiographic follow-up entered the study; seven patients were excluded because a stent was implanted at the lesion site during the index procedure. The degree of calcification (assessed with coronary angiography) was high in six patients (30%) and the average lesion length was 20.52 ± 6.88 mm. The reference vessel diameter was 2.32 ± 0.44 mm and the percentage diameter stenosis was 67 ± 12. Procedural success was obtained in all patients. After a median of 6.6 ± 2.5 months, late lumen loss was 0.09 ± 0.34 mm and the percentage diameter stenosis was 31 ± 18. We observed two cases (10%) of binary restenosis which underwent subsequent target-lesion revascularization: in one a drug-eluting stent was implanted, whereas the other patient was treated with paclitaxel-coated balloon. No myocardial infarction or death was observed during follow-up.

Conclusion

The use of a novel SCB in native coronary arteries was associated with good angiographic outcome at 6-month follow-up.
Kulturwissenschaft in den Philologien. Das Beispiel der deutschen Germanistik und Anglistik
Authors: Greilich Susanne
Published: April 2019

Nach langen Jahren der Debatten hat sich die Kulturwissenschaft in den philologischen Fächern in Deutschland etabliert. Sowohl hinsichtlich der programmatischen Auseinandersetzung als auch der wissenschaftlichen Praxis scheint eine Phase der vorläufigen Konsolidierung erreicht, die sich gleichwohl durch eine große Bandbreite im begrifflichen Verständnis und der konkreten Ausgestaltung von Kulturwissenschaft auszeichnet. Der Beitrag zeichnet diese Bandbreite auf der Grundlage von jüngeren Positionsbestimmungen und Einführungsbänden nach. Dabei gilt das Augenmerk den ‚Nachbarphilologien’ der Romanistik, spezifischer: der Germanistik und Anglistik.
Rancang Bangun Program menggunakan Metode Fuzzy untuk Penilaian Aspek Palemahan pada Sistem Subak (Studi Kasus pada Sistem Subak di Kawasan Warisan Budaya Dunia Catur Angga Batukau)
Authors: Nugraha Kadek Dwi Ananda , . Sumiyati , Budisanjaya I Putu Gede
Published: April 2019

Abstrak

Subak merupakan sebuah lembaga yang bertugas dalam mengatur air irigasi secara tradisional. Subak dalam aktivitasnya berlandaskan pada Tri Hita Karana (THK). Salah satu aspek dari Tri Hita Karana (THK) yang  dinilai adalah aspek palemahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang suatu program untuk menilai kondisi aspek palemahan dalam sistem subak menggunakan Matlab-GUI berbasis logika fuzzy yang diberi nama Sistem Informasi TAKSU (Tri Hita Karana Subak). Dalam membuat toolbox fuzzy tahapan yang paling penting untuk dilakukan adalah merancang rule. Perolehan data dilakukan dengan metode survei, pengamatan secara langsung dan pengukuran. Data yang telah dikumpulkan selanjutnya akan diberi nilai dan dianalisis dengan logika fuzzy. Subak dinilai dengan menggunakan tiga rentang nilai yaitu Baik = 3, Sedang = 2, Kurang = 1. Program ini terdiri dari input, algoritma yang merupakan fungsi dari perancangan yang dilakukan pada toolbox fuzzy Matlab dan output sebagai hasil dari program tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil validasi yang dilakukan pada dua sampel subak diperoleh nilai pada Subak Jatiluwih adalah 2.23 dengan kriteria Agak Baik dan Subak Puring 2.73 dengan kriteria Baik. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa program ini dapat beroperasi dengan baik

Kata kunci: aspek palemahan, GUI Matlab, logika fuzzy, Subak, Tri Hita Karana (THK).

Abstract

Subak is an institution in charge of regulating the irrigation traditionally. System Subak activities are based on Tri Hita Karana (THK). One aspect of Tri Hita Karana (THK) is the palemahan aspect. The purpose of this research was to develop a program to assess the condition of palemahan aspect in subak system using Matlab-GUI based fuzzy logic that named TAKSU Information System (Tri Hita Karana Subak). In creating a fuzzy toolbox, the most important step to do is to design rules. Data were collected by survey method, direct observation and measurement. The data were categorized by value and then analyzed with fuzzy logic. Subak were assessed by using three value criteria that were Good = 3, Medium = 2, Less = 1. This program consists of input, an algorithm which is a function of the design carried out on the fuzzy Matlab toolbox and output as a result of the program. Based on the results of the validation carried out on two samples of subak, the value of Subat Jatiluwih was 2.23 with the criteria of Good and Subak Puring was 2.73 with the criteria of Good. These results indicate that this program can operate properly.

Keyword : palemahan aspect, Matlab-GUI, fuzzy logic, Subak, Tri Hita Karana (THK).
Dinamika Suhu Pengomposan Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga dengan Keranjang Bio Komposter
Authors: Madrini I. A. Bintang , Sulastri Ni Nyoman
Published: April 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan unsur hara makro dan mikro sampah rumah tangga yang divariasikan dengan sekam padi dalam bio komposter atau bioreaktor garden bag. Metode pengomposan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode windrow system. Material sampah organik rumah tangga berperan sebagai sumber nitrogen dan sekam padi sebagai sumber karbon atau sebagai bulking agent sehingga C/N ratio bahan baku memenuhi syarat  pengomposan.Hasil analisis beberapa parameter material sampah organik rumah tangga dan sekam padi yaitu kadar air (%):76,29 dan 9,48, kadar organik (%): 98,17 dan 77,92, pH: 4,32 dan 6,56, Salinitas (mS/cm): 4,03 dan 0,21, C:N ratio :15,72 dan 112,57, total N (%): 0,87 dan 3,81, kadar lemak (%BB): 13,27 dan 9,48, vitamin C (mg/a00 g): 65,11 dan 92,99 untuk masing-masing bahan. Analisis parameter unsur hara makro dan mikro material sampah organik rumah tangga dan sekam padi menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing bahan baku memenuhi syarat pengomposan. Pada proses pengomposan, suhu diamati dari hari ke-2 sampai hari ke-14. Fase termofilik dicapai pada hari ke-2 yaitu suhu mencapai 43 OC  setelah proses aklimasi campuran kedua material. Suhu optimal atau puncak suhu yang dicapai dalam pengomposan sebesar  55OC pada hari 9 ~10 lalu mengalami penurunan suhu dihari selanjutnya, pengamatan dilakukan selama 14 hari untuk melihat dinamika perubahan suhu dari fase termofilik ke fase mesofilik.
THE ACTIVITY TEST OF KAPOK SEED (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn.) EXTRACT ON MALE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) MATING BEHAVIOR
Authors: Wirastuti Dessy Sukma , Wiratmini Ngurah Intan , Sudirga Sang Ketut
Published: April 2019

Kapuk randu (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki banyak manfaat untuk masyarakat. Tanaman ini dimanfaatkan sebagai penahan tanah dari erosi, tanaman peneduh, bahan pengisi kasur dan pakan ternak. Saat ini biji kapuk randu banyak dikembangkan sebagai bahan obat kontrasepsi herbal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak biji kapuk randu (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn.) terhadap perilaku kawin tikus (Rattus norvegicus) jantan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 kelompok perlakuan dan 8 ulangan yaitu P0 (aquades dan tween 80), P1 (0,07 mg/kg BB ekstrak biji kapuk randu), P2 (0,12 mg/kg BB ekstrak biji kapuk randu), P3(0,24 mg/kg BB ekstrak biji kapuk randu). Pemberian perlakuan ekstrak biji kapuk dilakukan selama 33 hari dengan pengamatan perilaku kawin dilakukan 3 hari sekali. Parameter yang diamati untuk menilai adanya perilaku kawin adalah jumlah kissing vagina, jumlah mount jumlah intromission. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji kapuk randu memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap perilaku kawin tikus jantan yang ditunjukkan dengan menurunnya jumlah kissing vagina, jumlah mount dan jumlah intromission tikus jantan kelompok perlakuan.
OIL CONTENT, KINSHIP RELATIONSHIPS AND BIODIESEL POTENCY OF Sterculia foetida L. IN BADUNG REGENCY, DENPASAR AND ROTE (NTT)
Authors: Ndolu Midel Delfi Wehelmina , Arpiwi Ni Luh , Suriani Ni Luh
Published: April 2019

Kepuh (Sterculia foetida L.) merupakan tanaman non-pangan penghasil minyak yang bisa dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik biji, kandungan minyak, hubungan kekerabatan dan kualitas biodiesel dari biji kepuh (Sterculia foetida L.) di Kabupaten Badung, Kota Denpasar dan Rote. Penelitian dilakukan pada Desember 2016 – Mei 2017. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan terhadap karakteristik biji, menganalisis kandungan minyak dan kualitas biodiesel dari minyak kepuh (Sterculia foetida L.). Kandungan minyak tertinggi diperoleh dari Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar yaitu di Monang-Maning 1 sebesar 41,13%, sedangkan terendah dari Rote di Oemasi 4 sebesar 14,80%. Hubungan kekerabatan antara karakteristik biji dan kandungan minyak terbentuk 2 kelompok dengan indek similaritas 93,5%. Kualitas biodiesel di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar memiliki angka asam yaitu 0,34 mg-KOH/g dan Rote yaitu 0,44 mg-KOH/g, angka iodin di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar yaitu 44,41 dan Rote yaitu 48,53. Angka penyabunan di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar yaitu 187,93 dan Rote yaitu 194,94, angka setana di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar yaitu 64,02 dan Rote yaitu 61,92. Kadar air di Kabupaten Badung, Kota Denpasar maupun Rote 0,2 dan viskositas di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar 12,23 cSt dan Rote 9,22 cSt. Kualitas biodiesel diperoleh telah memenuhi ketentuan SNI 2015, kecuali viskositas.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF Streptomyces spp. PRODUCING CHITINASE ENZYME FROM SEWAGE MUD
Authors: Parwati Putu Ayu , Kawuri Retno , Watiniasih Ni Luh
Published: April 2019

Streptomyces merupakan bakteri dari kelompok Actinomycetes. Genus ini diketahui dapat memproduksi berbagai senyawa aktif diantaranya antibiotik, antiviral, dan enzim. Enzim yang dapat ditemukan pada bakteri dan jamur yaitu salah satunya enzim kitinase. Enzim kitinase yang diproduksi oleh bakteri lebih baik dibandingkan kitinase dari sumber lain karena dengan waktu yang relatif singkat dapat melakukan proses perkembangbiakan. Bakteri kitinolitik merupakan agen pengendalian hayati terhadap jamur patogen maupun serangga hama yang sangat potensial karena aktivitas kitinase yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi, mengetahui karakteristik Streptomyces spp. dari lumpur selokan dan uji aktivitas enzim kitinase. Aktivitas enzim kitinase diketahui melalui zona bening yang terbentuk pada media uji. Hasil penelitian diperoleh lima spesies Streptomyces spp. dari  sampel lumpur selokan yang diisolasi dengan karakteristik yang berbeda-beda. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa dari lima spesies Streptomyces spp., dua spesies yaitu Streptomyces sp.3 dan Streptomyces sp.5 mampu memproduksi enzim kitinase, sementara tiga spesies Streptomyces lainnya tidak memproduksi enzim kitinase.  Streptomyces sp.3 memproduksi enzim kitinase dengan terbentuknya zona bening sebesar 1,85±0,07 cm dan pada Streptomyces sp.5 terbentuk zona bening sebesar 0,65 ±0,14 cm . Berdasarkan data tersebut Streptomyces sp.3 dan Streptomyces sp.5 memiliki potensi sebagai bakteri kitinolitik yang memiliki manfaat sebagai agen pengendalian hayati.
Escherichia coli Content Test and Total Bacteria on Meat and Organ in Cattle Slaughterhouses of Denpasar City and Badung Regency
Authors: Anjarina Putu , Kawuri Retno , Yulihastuti Dwi Ariani
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menguji kandungan E. coli dan cemaran total bakteri daging sapi bagian punggung, daging bagian paha, usus, hati, limfa dan paru di Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) di Kota Denpasar dan kabupaten Badung, Bali. Hasil kandungan E. coli yang diperoleh dari Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) Pesanggaran pada sampel paha sebesar 70 APM/100g dan RPH Mambal pada sampel usus sebesar 70 APM/100g. Sampel limfa dari kedua RPH memiliki nilai yang paling rendah yaitu 30 APM/100g. Nilai yang telah dijabarkan dapat dikatakan melebihi ambang batas yang diperbolehkan oleh BPOM (2009) yaitu batas maksimum cemaran E. coli 1 x 101 APM/100g. Hasil penelitian total bakteri yang diperoleh dari sampel yang diambil di RPH Pesanggaran pada sampel limfa menunujukkan hasil yang paling besar yaitu 14x104 CFU/g, sedangkan nilai yang terkecil berasal dari sampel usus yaitu 2x104 CFU/g. Hasil total bakteri yang berasal dari RPH Mambal nilai sampel yang terbesar dimiliki oleh sampel limfa sebesar 13x104 CFU/g, sedangkan nilai hasil terkecil dimiliki oleh sampel paha 1x104 CFU/g diperbolehkan BPOM (2009) yaitu 1x104 CFU/g. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan sampel daging paha, daging punggung, usus, hati, paru dan limfa memiliki nilai total cemaran E. coli dan cemaran bakteri yang melebihi batas standar yang diperbolehkan oleh BPOM Bali.
The Effect of Feeding Some Macro Algae (Ulva sp., Gracilaria sp., Halymenia sp.) On the Growth of Haliotis squamata Abalone
Authors: Damayanti Desi , Yusup Deny Suhernawan , Rusdi Ibnu
Published: April 2019

Teknologi produksi benih dan pakan abalon Haliotis squamata telah berhasil dikembangankan oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Laut, Gondol, sedangkan pakan untuk pendederan juvenil abalon masih memerlukan pengembangan lebih lanjut untuk memperoleh bahan pakan yang optimum untuk pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan beberapa jenis alga makro segar (Ulva sp., Gracilaria sp., Halymenia sp.) yang diberikan dalam komposisi tunggal ataupun kombinasi (7 komposisi) terhadap pertumbuhan juvenil abalon H. squamata. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 3 kali ulangan. Percobaan dilakukan dalam keranjang plastik ukuran 287 x 140 x 52 mm dengan kepadatan 25 ekor (berat badan 1,75 ± 0,08 g, panjang cangkang 21,96 ± 0,34 mm, lebar cangkang 13,37 ± 0,24 mm). Pengukuran abalon dilakukan setiap 2 minggu sekali, dan pemeliharaan abalon dilakukan selama 87 hari dengan pemberian pakan setiap 2 hari sekali. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa perlakuan dengan pemberian pakan kombinasi Ulva sp., Gracilaria sp., dan Halymenia sp. memberikan pertumbuhan yang paling baik pada berat badan (BB), panjang cangkang (PC), serta lebar cangkang (LC), berturut-turut yaitu 4.70±0.20 g, 30.61±0.44 mm, serta 18.94±0.26 mm, sedangkan perlakuan pakan Halymenia sp. yang terendah.  Nilai rasio konversi pakan (FCR) terendah yaitu pada perlakuan Ulva sp. dan Halymenia sp. 13,55±1,06, dan tertinggi yaitu pada perlakuan Gracilaria sp. 23,89±2,63.