bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of living museum and storynomic tourism based on tri hita karana in kaba-kaba village, tabanan bali
Authors: Udayani Made Mutiara Putri , Wirawan Putu Eka , Pratama I Gede Krisna Yoga Putra
Published: February 2022

Tourism is currently the sector most affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the momentum of this pandemic is considered a transition period to reorganize Indonesia's tourism. One of them is the development of the tourism sector in the development of tourist villages. The tourism interest that occurred made the author of this study conceptualizes the development of special interest tourism with the concept of living museum and storynomic tourism located in Kaba-Kaba Village, Tabanan, Bali based on Tri Hita Karana. The concept was chosen because Kaba-Kaba Village has a cultural heritage in the form of Puri in which there is an ancient site. This research uses qualitative methods with a data approach through observation in the form of interviews and literature studies. The results showed that the concept of living museum and storynomic tourism is very appropriate for the development of Kaba-Kaba tourist village because tourist products in the form of relics of historical heritage sites become a capital of interest for the development of special interest tourism. With the development of Living Meseum and Storynomic Tourism where Tri Hita Karana as the foundation of cultural tourism can directly fall into the hands of the community where this makes the tourist village that is directly managed by local champions in Kaba-Kaba Village.
“Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos y Parque Marino Islas Diego Ramírez-Paso Drake” Lupas en Cabo de Hornos – Telescopios en Atacama
Authors: Rozzi Ricardo , Massardo Francisca
Published: February 2022

Chile se ha consolidado como una plataforma internacional para la investigación astronómica con el establecimiento de grandes telescopios y observatorios para investigar el espacio exterior, el macrocosmos, desde el desierto de Atacama. En los años 1950s, el camino para el establecimiento de los observatorios astronómicos de Chile se inició con expediciones a lomo de mula de (Silva 2019). El año 2000, en el extremo sur de Chile, en el Cabo de Hornos se inició la investigación del “espacio interior”, el microcosmos, investigando con lupa líquenes, musgos, algas, invertebrados, aves, y sus interrelaciones a distintas escalas en desde el Parque Omora en Puerto Williams. El 2021, hemos adjudicado el nuevo Centro Internacional Cabo de Hornos (Cape Horn International Center, CHIC) que ha sido adjudicado como Centro de Excelencia con Fondos Basales de la Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID). CHIC integra las ciencias naturales y sociales, las humanidades, la educación y la ética para apreciar múltiples formas de conocimiento ecológico sobre la biodiversidad y cuidarla (Figura 1). Para investigar desde la escala de nuestro planeta hasta la escala de pequeños organismos, y utilizará la infraestructura del Centro Subantártico Cabo de Hornos que proporciona una plataforma científica para el estudio del cambio global desde el extremo austral de Chile
The use of specialized electronic educational resources for preparing students for computer science Olympiads
Authors: Zaslavskaya Olga Yu. , Lyubutov Oleg D.
Published: February 2022

Problem and goal. The article deals with the problem of improving the preparation of students for computer science Olympiads with the help of a specialized electronic educational resource (EER). Methodology. The research uses the analysis of existing EER to prepare for computer science Olympiads. Results. The assumption is put forward about the need to create a specialized EER for preparing students for computer science Olympiads, the requirements for it are formulated, interface and the operating procedure of EER are described. Conclusion. The use of the EER considered in the article makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of preparing students for participation in computer science Olympiads.
Features of programming training of future teachers of informatics
Authors: Levchenko Irina V. , Sadykova Albina R. , Abushkin Dmitry B. , Kartashova Lyudmila I. , Kondratyeva Viktoria A. , Moiseev Viktor P.
Published: February 2022

Problem and goal. The problem of identifying approaches to training in programming of future teachers of informatics in the context of technologization of modern society is considered. The aim is to determine the features of teaching programming to informatics students of pedagogical universities, as well as the formation of a system of programming languages for teaching future teachers of informatics. Methodology. To solve this problem, a range of research methods was used: analysis of regulatory documents that determine the priority tasks of education and of research and scientific and methodological publications of foreign and domestic scientists, as well as training experience in programming of informatics students of pedagogical universities; reflection of the content of the knowledge gained; identification of approaches to teaching programming for future teachers of informatics. Results. An analysis of the experience of programming teaching to students of pedagogical universities was carried out, including the personal experience of teachers, which made it possible to identify such relevant in modern conditions approaches to teaching future teachers of informatics programming as fundamental and multilevel; specifics of teaching programming, taking into account the professional and pedagogical orientation of the training of future teachers of informatics, are determined; a multilevel system of programming languages for teaching future teachers of informatics is proposed. Conclusion . In the context of the dynamically developing field of information technology and the growing interest in programming, it is important to provide school education with teachers of informatics who have competencies in the field of programming, ready to teach modern programming languages to schoolchildren.
Protected water habitats in the landscape area “Augšdaugava”
Authors:   Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Boikova Elmīra , Eņģele Lelde , Līcīte Vita , Suško Uvis ,   The Latvian Fund for Nature
Published: February 2022

The “Augšdaugava” protected landscape area was established already in 1990, but the elaboration of the environment protection plan for this largest landscape area in Latvia is still in progress. The nature park “Daugavas loki” as part of this landscape area was established in 1990 and the nature park already has the protection and management plan (2010–2022). The upper Daugava river valley forms the central axis of the protected landscape area and is included in the Natura 2000 network. The complex of the Daugava River with nine large meanders and small, natural unaltered rivers, crossing the ravines, belongs to the Annex I habitat type 3260. This area is also rich in mineral springs and spring fens. There are about 30 lakes with different eutrophication impacts in the area. The possible threats, nature values, and water ecosystem services are discussed.
Instrumen Asesmen Bagi Pendidik Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Biologi Berbasis Problem Based Learning
Authors: Suriyani Meri , Susanti Try , Putra Darma
Published: February 2022

This study aims to produce PBL based assessment instruments (problem based learning) that are made to measure learning process for educators, in this case, the researcher will focus on the discussion about attitude. This research is an instrument development research adapted from ADDIE model, this model there are 5 stages: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. Data collection and data analysis using different questionnaires and given to expert / expert teams and users of assessment instruments. To find out the feasibility of the instrument, the questionnaire was given to 3 expert teams / experts and got the score category 88%, then the score result on the assessment instrument is "Eligible" is used, instruments are also strengthened by small group and field trials. To find out the effectiveness and practicality of the disseminated instrument to several schools (implementation) of the instrument, the effectiveness questionnaire was given to 3 principals / users and obtained the score category 88%, then the scores result of the assessment instrument is "very Effective". In order to know the practicality of the instrument, the questionnaire of practicality was given to 3 principals / users and obtained the score category of 88%, then the scores result of the assessment instrument is "Very Practical".
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan instrumen asesmen berbasis PBL (problem based learning) yang dibuat untuk mengukur proses pembelajaran bagi pendidik, dalam hal ini, peneliti akan memfokuskan pada pembahasan tentang sikap. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan instrumen yang diadaptasi dari model ADDIE, model ini terdapat 5 tahap yaitu: analysis, design, development, implementation dan evaluation. Pengumpulan data dan analisis data menggunakan angket yang berbeda dan diberikan kepada tim ahli/pakar dan pengguna instrumen asesmen. Untuk mengetahui kelayakan instrumen, angket diberikan ke 3 tim ahli/pakar dan didapatkan kategori skor 88%, maka hasil skor terhadap instrumen asesmen ini adalah “Layak” digunakan, kelayakan instrumen diperkuat juga dengan adanya uji coba kelompok kecil dan lapangan. Untuk mengetahui keefektifan dan kepraktisan instrumen disebar kebeberapa sekolah (implementasi), angket efektifitas diberikan ke 3 kepala sekolah/pengguna dan didapatkan kategori skor 88%, maka hasil skor terhadap instrumen asesmen ini adalah “Sangat Efektif”. Untuk mengetahui kepraktisan instrumen, angket praktikalitas diberikan ke 3 kepala sekolah/pengguna dan didapatkan kategori skor 88%, maka hasil skor tersebut diperoleh bahwa penilaian oleh kepala sekolah terhadap instrumen asesmen ini adalah “Sangat Praktis”.
Analisis Perangkat Pembelajaran Biologi SMA Dalam Mengembangkan Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa
Authors: Rahmawati Desti , Rahman KN Aditya , Usman Usman , Rifqiawati Ika , Lestari Iing Dwi
Published: February 2022

Problem solving skills are 21st century skills that are developed in the learning process through learning tools made by the teacher. The purpose of this research was to determine the suitability of high school biology learning tools in developing student problem solving skills. This research is a qualitative research with a case study method. The data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation. The data used in the research interview data and documentation of learning tools including lesson plans, syllabus and daily test questions. Data sources came from biology teachers and students from 8 SMANs in Banten. The results showed that the biology learning device at 8 SMAN Banten reached 46.6% in the sufficient category. As for the details, namely the suitability of the lesson plan with the syllabus reached 75,4% in the appropriate category, while the results of the RPP analysis in developing problem solving skills were 53,6% in the sufficient category, and daily test questions in developing problem solving skills reached 10,3% in very lacking category.
Abstrak. Keterampilan pemecahan masalah merupakan keterampilan abad 21 yang dikembangkan dalam proses pembelajaran melaui perangkat pembelajaran yang dibuat oleh guru. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kesesuaian perangkat pembelajaran biologi SMA dalam mengembangkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah siswa. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu data hasil wawancara dan dokumentasi perangkat pembelajaran meliputi RPP, silabus dan soal ulangan harian. Sumber data berasal dari guru biologi dan siswa dari 8 SMAN di Banten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran biologi di 8 SMAN Banten mencapai 46,4% dengan kategori cukup. Adapun dengan rincian yaitu kesesuaian RPP dengan silabus mencapai 75,4% pada kategori sesuai, sedangkan hasil analisis RPP dalam mengembangkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah yaitu 53,6% pada kategori cukup, dan soal ulangan harian dalam mengembangkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah mencapai 10,3% pada kategori sangat kurang.
Development of an Authentic Assessment Model in Mathematics Learning: A Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Approach
Authors: Widana I Wayan , Sopandi Agus Tatang , Suwardika Gede
Published: February 2022

STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) approach in mathematics learning is very suitable for improving higher-order thinking skills. However, the ability of teachers to develop authentic assessment models based on the STEM approach is still low. This study aims to develop an authentic assessment model suitable for learning based on the STEM approach in mathematics at Senior High School. This study used a Research & Development design adapted from the Borg & Gall model. Data were collected using a validation sheet and a questionnaire. The data source was 269 teacher respondents selected using multistage random sampling technique, while two experts from higher education as validators and 21 senior high school math teachers experienced as panellists were determined by purposive sampling technique. Data were analysed through a quantitative approach. The product of this research is an authentic assessment model consisting of twenty project tasks. The results of the analysis show that 16 project tasks with very good quality and four project tasks with good quality, declared appropriate and in accordance with the STEM approach-based learning.
Perceptions on the Utilization of Mobile Technologies for Learning among Postgraduate Students
Authors: Falade Ayotunde A. , Aladesusi Gboyega Ayodeji , Ogunlade Oyeronke Olufunmilola
Published: February 2022

This study determined the perceptions of the utilization of mobile technologies for learning among Postgraduate Students in Kwara State. The study adopted survey approach. The population for this study was made up of all the postgraduate students in Kwara State. Proportional sampling techniques were used to allocate a number of respondents in each school based on their estimated population using Israel Model. The instrument for data collection was an adapted questionnaire. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used to answer the research question and test the stated hypotheses with the aid of stastistical product and service solution (SPSS) version 20.0 at 0.05 level of significant. The findings indicated that postgraduate students had positive perception of the utilization and ease of use of mobile technologies for learning. No significant difference exists in the postgraduate students’ perception of the utilization of mobile technologies for learning based on gender and the field of study. The study concluded that learning can be enhanced among postgraduates’ students if appropriate mobile technologies are deployed for learning. Therefore, postgraduate students are encouraged to deploy mobile technology for learning irrespective of their gender.
Augmented Reality Trends in Teaching English Tenses: The Case of Non-English Education Students
Authors: Yelia Yelia , Efriza Dony , Hendrayani Santi
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine a classroom action research about using augmented reality media to improve non-English students’ tenses mastery. The study was carried out in two cycles and each cycle consists of four stages, including plan, action, observation, and reflection. The participants of the study were a class of students of economic education study program, faculty of teacher training and education at a public university in Jambi who were taking English subject. The data of the study were taken from a test and observations in collecting the data. The results of the data analysis indicated that there was an increase from the first cycle to the second cycle. Moreover, the research results showed that: 1) augmented reality created a good atmosphere in the teaching and learning activities; 2) augmented reality made the students understand the use of tenses easily; and 3) the students became more active and attractive in the teaching and learning activities. It can be concluded that the use of augmented reality can improve students' tenses mastery.
Analyzing the Initiation- Response and Feedback Patterns and Its Impact on the Interaction between Teacher and Students in English Classroom
Authors: Putri Eka Barahma , Vianty Machdalena , Silvhiany Sary
Published: February 2022

This study was based on the phenomenon of classroom interaction in enhancing students’ language skills in English classes using the 2013 curriculum. This study investigated the dominant initiation- response and feedback [IRF] patterns and its impact on the interaction between the teacher and the tenth-grade students during classroom spoken discourse. This qualitative research involved a teacher of English and four classes. The data were collected via classroom observations and semi-structured interviews. The findings of the study showed that in the IRF pattern, the most dominant pattern was initiation. The teacher dominated the classroom during the lesson and the IRF pattern had positive impacts on students’ English when the teacher asked questions. The teacher needed to understand what questions students needed to ask to respond well because it must be in line with the 2013 curriculum, which places students at the center of learning. Teachers needed to use more various feedbacks from the IRF pattern. It can be seen from the observation that the teacher did not use feedback much when students responded to the initiation from the teacher because feedback is essential to increase student motivation, confidence, and evaluation.
The Effect of Locus of Control on Learning Achievement during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nasir Nasir , Mustafa Sriyanti , Sulvianti Sulvianti , Azizah Nur
Published: February 2022

Learning during the Covid-19 pandemic is a challenge for students and has an impact on learning achievement. This study aimed to determine the effect of locus of control on learning achievement during the covid-19 pandemic. This research was conducted at one state junior high school, Soppeng Riaja, South Sulawesi by using a quantitative approach. Data were obtained by using a questionnaire and documents of learning achievement data in the form of report cards. The collected data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistical data analysis showed that the average score of student learning achievement was in the moderate achievement category, meaning that during the COVID-19 pandemic, students’ learning abilities did not significantly decrease in achievement. Therefore, it was considered that students could still learn properly even though it was done online. Furthermore, the results of the analysis of the inferential data indicated that the locus of control had a positive effect on the learning achievement of students. Thus, it can be concluded that the locus of control of students while studying during the Covid-19 pandemic was quite good and had a positive influence on the progress of learning achievement.
The Validation of the Information Systems Success Model: LMS Integration during Covid-19
Authors: Miftahuddin Miftahuddin , Prasojo Lantip Diat , Akalili Awanis
Published: February 2022

This study adapted DeLone & McLean information system success model (D&M IS success model) regarding the implementation of learning management system (LMS) during Covid-19. Six variables are included; system quality, information quality, service quality, system usage, user satisfaction, and net benefits with 23 initial items. A total of 279 undergraduate students from a public university in Indonesia participated in this study. The factor structure of the instrument was investigated using a survey design. The survey data were calculated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Six variables emerged from the EFA methods, establishing a valid and reliable model; a few items were eliminated due to cross-loading. The suggested model was successfully mapped as a consequence of the results. The CFA confirmed that the instrument was suitable for the Indonesian setting. The findings led to the development of 19 reliable and valid items. The measured scale has psychometric qualities, allowing for future research with a tool to capture D & M IS success model technology integration.
OB-Newborn TEACH Cards: A Curricular Tool for Maternal-Child Rotations That Influences Patient Care
Authors: Hahn Thomas W. , Regner Caitlin , Metzger Emily , Zakletskaia Larissa , Birstler Jen
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) teaching is most successful when integrated with patient care, but finding time for teaching on inpatient rotations is difficult. Obstetrics (OB)-Newborn TEACH (Teaching Evidence-based medicine And Clinical topics in the Hospital) Cards is a curricular tool for efficient teaching sessions on maternity care rotations. We evaluated the impact of OB-Newborn TEACH Cards on resident EBM attitudes and skills, exposure to clinical topics, and patient management.
Methods: OB-Newborn TEACH Cards includes 56 cards on obstetrics and newborn topics with background and foreground discussion questions. Residents on a family medicine maternal-child service completed pre- and postrotation surveys to assess the cards’ impact on EBM attitudes and skills. Faculty and residents also completed point-of-care surveys to assess the self-reported influence on management decisions.
Results: Of 24 potential resident participants, 58% completed pre- and postrotation surveys, which showed significant increase in perceived EBM skills like applying evidence to a clinical scenario (P=.04), but a decrease in reported attitudes that EBM is realistic (P=.028) and useful (P=.025). Residents agreed the cards exposed them to a variety of topics. Point-of-care surveys (n=58) indicated that 57% of the time respondents used a card to learn about a topic not related to a specific patient. When used to learn about specific patients, the cards influenced self-reported patient care 44% of the time.
Conclusion: OB-Newborn TEACH Cards are a promising inpatient teaching tool for improving perceived EBM clinical application, exposing residents to maternal-child topics, and influencing patient care decisions.
Fatal piglets diarrhea caused by a novel Chromobacterium haemolyticum
Authors: Zhang Leyi , zhang peng , Xu Ge , Liang Tairun , Peng Jiawei , Wu Shoutang , Yang Ningjia , Wang Lin , Liu Yanling , Zhang Xinming , Xu Zheng , Song Changxu
Published: February 2022

Chromobacterium haemolyticum is a fatal gram-negative bacterium,
which had been found that has the ability to infect human. In this
study, we detected a nonpigmented, β-hemolytic gram-negative bacillus
from fecal samples of piglets with severe diarrhea and death. Analysis
of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated it was most closely related to
Chromobacterium haemolyticum, however only with 79% identities,
indicating that this bacterium may be a new type of
Chromobacterium haemolyticum. Diarrhea was reproduced in
experimental pigs with one of the isolates strains, designated GDHYZ30
strain. Intramuscular injection of the GDHYZ30 strain can cause death of
the piglets, and irrigated challenge induced piglets diarrhea. To
further elucidate the mechanism of pathogensis of this bacterium, whole
genome sequencing was used to analyze and annotate the GDHYZ30 strain.
The full-length genome of the strain was 4785117bp, the G+C content was
62.67%, and it encoded 4398 genes, in which 57 drug resistance genes,
and 390 virulence factors were included. It is worth noting that this
novel Chromobacterium haemolyticum has been isolated from several
other pig farm water samples and pig feces samples with unexplained
diarrhea. To our knowledge this is the first report that a novel
Chromobacterium haemolyticum as a new pathogen causing diarrhea
and death in piglets and transmiting through water sources. And the
genetic characteristics of the bacteria are analyzed by whole gene
sequencing, which provides a reference for the prevention of human and
animal infections and food safety.
Opportunistic vegetation in quarry soil restoration from semiarid South East Spain: pines and spontaneous species.
Authors: Luna-Ramos Lourdes , Lazaro R , Miralles Isabel , Sole-Benet Albert
Published: February 2022

The objective was to know the effect of amendments and mulch (pine
woodchips) on three planted autochthonous species in two substrates six
years after the beginning of the restoration. But because this kind of
mulch contained pine cones, pine seedlings appeared after the first year
of the restoration; new objectives were added to the initial one: to
know if organic amendments influence pine growth among planted
vegetation, and if there were competition among planted species,
opportunistic species and pines. Essential soil parameters, plant cover
and diversity and pine growth were measured and statistically processed
with correlation analyses, ANOVA and Detrended Correspondence Analysis.
Six years after restoration organic amendments, applied all over the
plots contributed significantly to explain the differences on the tested
variables. The combined effects of the two substrates and the two
organic amendments effectively enhanced soil properties recovery, but
they also facilitated the establishment and entry of new species in
addition to planted vegetation, driving a differential plant
development. The number of pines, as well as their coverage, depended on
the interaction between the amendment and the substrate: a) only one
amendment favoured the pines and b) the way the amendment works depended
on the substrate. Planted vegetation cover and total plant cover from
amended plots doubled that of control plots. Results indicate the
potential suitability of organic amendments, pine chips mulch and
derived opportunistic species for restoring post-mining areas.
SUCCESSFUL COMBINED IMMUNOTHERAPY OF MALIGNANT GLIOMAS OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Dolgopolov Igor , Chkadua Georgij , Rykov Maxim
Published: February 2022

The incidence of high-grade malignant gliomas (MG) ranges from 35 to
46% of all central nervous system tumors. Despite combined therapy
including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy overall five-year survival
does not exceed 10%. Our study included 9 patients, median age 10 years
(2-19). 3 pts had anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), 4 pts had glioblastoma
multiforme (GBM) and 2 pts had diffuse brainstem glioma (BSG). The
median time to the first relapse was 12 months, to the second one– 5
months. The protocol of immunotherapy included combined administration
of autologous dendritic cell-based vaccine (DV) and repeated
intrathecal/intraventricular injections of donor allogenic
immunocompetent cells (alloIC) for at least 2 years. Four of 9 pts are
alive and well 82, 23, 71 and 67 months after the immunotherapy start (2
pts with GBM in the 3rd and 2nd relapse, and 2 pts with AA in the 1st
relapse and 2nd, respectively). Three of them are in CR proved by PET
with 11C methionine and free of any therapy for more than 15 months. One
pt with 2nd relapse of metastatic GBM is currently in SD status and on
immunotherapy for 23 months. Five pts died from disease progression
within 2 – 4 months from the start of immunotherapy. Over the period of
treatment the pts received a median of 19 (4 to 60) alloIC injections
and 16 (2 to 44) DV administrations. Immunotherapy could be an
attractive option for treating patients with gliomas irresponsible to
conventional therapy and is worthy of further investigation.
MOLECULAR STUDY OF BIOFILM PRODUCTION BY METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors:   Dept. of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq, Mohamad Dlnya
Published: February 2022

Background:Staphylococci are a group of bacteria that cause diseases ranging from minor skin infections to life-threatening bacteremia. Biofilm formation was determined by a number of methods and is available to detect the capability of staphylococci to colonize the biomedical devices. The icaA and icaD have been reported to play a significant role in biofilm formation. Objective:To achieve and detect the molecular basis of adhesion properties in respect to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Methods:Clinical samples were taken from Burn patients; identified and Methicillin susceptibility was tested. The genes icaA and icaD were amplified in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and the polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and aligned with the previous recorded sequences online. Results:There was a great correlation between the presence of icaD genes and the slime production. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus did not reveal any correlation between icaA and icaD and slime layer production; nonetheless, a correlation was noticed between icaD alone and a biofilm production Conclusion:The present findings indicated that methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was able to form biofilm. None of the methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates harboured icaA; while 100% of them contained icaD. Keywords:Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, icaA, icaD gene Citation:Mohamad DA. Molecular study of biofilm production by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(3&4): 191-200. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.3&4.5
Role of Forced Expiratory Volume in Third second (FEV3) as An Alternative to Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) in Assessing Bronchodilator Response in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases
Authors:   Merjan Teaching Hospital, Babylon, Iraq, Jizar Alaa , Hashim Zeinab ,   Dept. of Physiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Jasim Ahmed ,   Dept. of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: Spirometry is a physiological procedure used as a diagnostic tool for disease diagnosis; e.g. obstructive pulmonary diseases such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The bronchodilator test is a method of measuring lung capacity changes following inhalation of a short-acting bronchodilator drug that dilates the airway, this test helps to diagnose, evaluate and differentiate asthma from COPD. Objective: To evaluate the role of forced expiratory volume in third second (FEV3) as an alternative for forced vital capacity (FVC) in assessing bronchodilator response in patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases. Methods: The study a case-control, comparative study done from November 2018 to November 2019. The cases involved divided into 2 groups; patients group included (80) patients with chronic obstructed pulmonary diseases (asthma and COPD) and control group included (160) apparently healthy peoples aged and sex matched. Lung function was measured using a standard protocol and electronic table spirometry. Bronchodilator test was done for each patient with chronic obstructed defect on spirometer. Results: There was no significant difference between (FVC), FVC% and (FEV3), FEV3% respectively before bronchodilator and there was no significant difference after bronchodilator in patients. There was no significant difference between FEV1/FVC, FEV1/FVC % and FEV1/ FEV3, FEV1/FEV3% respectively before bronchodilator and there was no significant difference after bronchodilator in patients. Conclusion: FEV3 can be used as an alternative to FVC in patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases for assessing bronchodilator response. Keywords: Spirometry, Bronchodilator test, FVC%, FEV3%, FEV1/FVC%, FEV1/FEV3% Citation: Jizar AY, Hashim ZH, Jasim AH. Role of forced expiratory volume in third second (FEV3) as an alternative to forced vital capacity (FVC) in assessing bronchodilator response in patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases. Iraqi JMS. 2020; 18(2): 94-100. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.18.2.2
The Association Between Iron Deficiency and Febrile Seizures in Children Below 5 Years
Authors:   Dept. of Pediatrics, Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, Shaheed Ahmed , Abbas Sawsan ,   Dept. of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: Febrile seizures are prevalent in children aged between 6 months and 5 years with an incidence of 2-5%. Iron deficiency is the most common hematologic disease of infancy and childhood with a period of incidence that coincides with the time of febrile seizures. Although the most common manifestation of iron deficiency is anemia, it is frequently the source of a neurologic disorders in pediatrics, including developmental delay, seizure, stroke, breath-holding episodes, pseudo tumor cerebri, and cranial nerve palsies. Objective: To investigate the association between iron deficiency and febrile seizures. Methods: Two groups (80 for each) of 6 months to 5 years old febrile children were subjected to the study between 1st of Oct. 2017 to 1st of Oct. 2018. The first group, cases, included children with febrile seizures admitted to the Pediatric Ward in Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, whereas the control group, included febrile children, visited the hospital during the same period for febrile illness. History was taken, physical examination was done. Blood count indices, serum iron, total iron binding capacity and serum ferritin were estimated. Lumber puncture was done in some of the patients. Statistical Analysis was done using t-test and Chi-square test (x2), P-value was considered significant if less than 0.05. Percentages and Odds ratio were estimated. A prevalence of 20-25% among cases is considered clinically relevant. Results: Both groups were comparable for age and gender (17.5±8.81) and (17.6±8.54) months, male: female ratio was (1.75:1 and 1.2:1). Family history of febrile seizure were seen in 25% and 13.75% respectively. Simple febrile seizure was found in (72.5%). The blood indices were lower in patients than the control group and statistically have significant difference in hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, serum iron and serum ferritin level with a P-value less than 0.05. A total of 36 (45%) of the cases had iron deficiency, compared to 12 (15 %) of control respectively with P-value less than 0.05. Conclusion: Iron deficiency was more frequent among children with febrile seizure than those with febrile illness alone. The results suggest that iron deficiency may be a risk factor for febrile seizure. Keywords: Febrile seizure, infants, children, iron deficiency anemia Citation: Shaheed AH, Abbas SA. The association between iron deficiency and febrile seizures in children below 5 years. Iraqi JMS. 2020; 18(2): 110-116. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.18.2.4
Effect of 8-Week Exercise Program on Bone Biomarker Osteocalcin and Bone Histomorphometry Features in Male Rats
Authors:   Dept. of Physiology, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Saladin, Iraq, Musleh Alaa , Hashim Zainab ,   Dept. of Physiology, College of Medicine, AlNahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Jaafar Haider ,   Dept. of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: The anabolic effect of physical exercise on osseous tissue is related to mechanical effort, leading to the osteogenic response by causing dynamic changes, which stimulate osteocytes through fluid shifts in their canalicular network. They produce signaling molecules that regulate bone formation and absorption by osteoblast and osteoclasts. Objective: To study the effect of 8-week exercise training programs on the histomorphometry of male rat femur bone including weight, length, thickness and the bone formation biomarker (osteocalcin). Methods: The study was done in the labs of College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, from September 2019 to February 2020. A thirty adult healthy male rat (albino rat), were selected and divided into three groups; the group (A) of rats with exercise training programs of treadmill running, for 8 weeks. The control group, (B) were kept under free movements without exercise. The group (C) was kept under restricted movements in small cages. Tail blood sample were obtained twice from all animals; at zero day and after 8 weeks, for measurement of osteocalcin. Then after 8 weeks all animals were sacrificed and dissected for extraction of femoral bone for measuring bone length, weight, thickness and bone ultrastructure under light microscope by staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Results: The osteocalcin, femoral bone weight, length, thickness, haversian thickness and lamellar thickness showed significant increase in value of group A in comparison to group B and group C which show a significant decrease in femoral bone thickness, haversian thickness, lamellar thickness, and osteocalcin level. Conclusion: Exercise training has an anabolic effect on bone, in contrast to restriction movement that cause catabolic effect on bone. Osteocalcin increases with exercise and could be used as a marker in monitoring the exercise program therapy. Keywords: Femoral bone weight, length, thickness, haversian thickness, lamellar thickness, osteocalcin Citation: Musleh AM, Hashim ZH, Jaafar HA. Effect of 8-week exercise program on bone biomarker osteocalcin and bone histomorphometry features in male rats. Iraqi JMS. 2020; 18(2): 145-154. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.18.2.9.
Initial Task Engagement: Unlocking the Value of Fit and Non-Fit to Improve Audit Judgments
Authors: Hong Bright (Yue)
Published: February 2022

Deficiencies identified in complex audit tasks suggest room for improvement in audit judgments. I propose that aligning an auditor's focus (prevention/promotion) and mindset (concrete/abstract) in a compatible way can induce an experience of “regulatory fit” that improves judgments compared to “regulatory non-fit.” Results are more complex than previously thought. I find that fit versus non-fit improves judgments, but only for auditors who are initially less engaged in the judgment task. For auditors who are initially more engaged, non-fit versus fit improves judgments. A second experiment provides converging evidence. Prior research finds strong evidence that fit improves performance versus non-fit. The possibility that non-fit could improve performance has received little attention. By conceptualizing initial task engagement and identifying it as a key moderator, my study suggests that non-fit also has value, and that assessing auditor preexisting conditions before prescribing interventions is important for improving judgments.
Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Edmodo Mengenai Materi Virus
Authors: Maryanto Agus , Ardi Ardi , Alberida Heffi
Published: February 2022

Guru berperan sangat penting dalam memilih dan menggunakan media yang digunakan untuk membantu proses pembelajaran namun masih banyak ditemui kurangnya media pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru, sehingga siswa kurang mampu memahami materi pembelajaran secara maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis validitas media pembelajaran e-learning berbasis edmodo tentang materi virus untuk peserta didik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan Model 4D. Subjek penelitian ini adalah dua orang dosen dan satu orang guru sebagai validator penggunaan e-learning. Teknik analisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Tahap pengujian kelayakan media ini dilakukan dengan cara validasi produk oleh pakar. Hasil validasi menunjukkan nilai rata-rata 92,56 dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil validasi ini ditinjau dari beberapa kategori yaitu aspek kelayakan isi, aspek kebahasaan, aspek sajian dan aspek kegrafikan. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu angket validitas. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat membuat siswa menjadi tertarik dan lebih mudah mengerti dengan materi yang diberikan. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran Berbasis Edmodo ini baik dan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Media Pembelajaran Berbentuk Kartu dengan Metode Permainan UNO pada Materi Protista
Authors: Aulya Rahmi , Zulyusri Zulyusri , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: February 2022

Saat proses pembelajaran biologi pada materi protista guru telah menggunakan media berupa power point serta video dan untuk pemantapan materi guru menggunakan LKPD yang sudah dirancang. Namun kelemahan dari media pembelajaran yang digunakan tersebut masih belum bisa menarik perhatian peserta didik dalam mempelajari materi Protista. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kebutuhan pengembangan media pembelajaran berbentuk kartu dengan metode permainan UNO pada materi protista. Studi dilakukan dengan metode survei. Sampel penelitian yaitu 30 peserta didik yang dipilih secara acak pada 5 kelas yang berbeda dan satu orang guru biologi Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu angket. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan angket kepada peserta didik dan guru biologi melalui google formulir. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data statistik deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik membutuhkan media pembelajaran tambahan pada materi protista, kriteria media pembelajaran yang dibutuhkan oleh peserta didik yaitu materi yang disampaikan lengkap, singkat, padat dan disertai gambar dan menggunakan metode permainan. Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbentuk kartu dengan metode permainan UNO dapat menjadi solusi dari permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh guru dan peserta didik khusunya pada materi protista.
Lembar Kerja Siswa Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik dengan Materi Struktur dan Fungsi Tumbuhan untuk Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Purwanti Maya , Ristiono Ristiono
Published: February 2022

Siswa cenderung pasif dan hanya menerima informasi dari guru. Dengan demikian, kegiatan pembelajaran berpusat pada guru. Maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan bahan ajar lembar kerja siswa (LKPD) berbasis pendekatan saintifik dengan materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan untuk Kelas VIII SMP. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan dengan menggunakan model 4-D. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode nontes berupa angket yang diberikan kepada ahli desain, ahli materi, ahli bahasa untuk menguji kelayakan, serta respon guru dan peserta didik untuk menguji kemenarikan. Jenis data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian adalah data kualitatif yang dianalisis menggunakan data kuantitatif berupa data angka dan diinterpretasikan dengan pedoman kriteria kategori penilaian untuk menentukan kualitas produk. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh rata-rata nilai validasi LKPD berbasis pendekatan saintifik adalah 93,56 %. LKPD sudah valid dan dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Nilai rata-rata uji praktikalitas oleh guru adalah praktis dengan kriteria sangat praktis dan hasil uji praktikalitas oleh siswa adalah sangat praktis. Maka lembar kerja siswa (LKPD) berbasis pendekatan saintifik tentang materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan untuk Kelas VIII SMP sudah layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Media Kartu Permainan Berbasis Truth or Dare Play (TODP) pada Materi Virus
Authors: Rahmi Sagita Nea , Yogica Relsas
Published: February 2022

Media pembelajaran merupakan suatu perantara untuk menyampaikan pesan-pesan dalam pembelajaran. Hanya saja kenyataan di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua guru mampu menyediakan media pembelajaran yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan produk media kartu permainan berbasis TODP pada materi virus. Penelitian ini tergolong ke dalam jenis penelitian pengembangan, yang dikembangkan dengan menggunakan model IDI. Model pengembangan IDI terdiri dari tiga tahap yakni tahap pendefinisian, pengembangan, dan penilaian. Subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini yakni 29 orang siswa SMA, 1 orang guru, serta 2 orang dosen yang berperan sebagai validator. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, serta penyebaran angket. Instrumen yang digunakan yakni instrumen uji validitas media yang terdiri dari uji validitas isi, kebahasaan, penyajian, serta kegrafikan. Analisis validasi kartu Truth or Dare Play dilakukan dengan memberikan skor jawaban dengan empat alternatif jawaban yang disusun menurut skala Likert yang kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata pengujian validitas media yakni 87,54% dengan kategori valid. Selanjutnya, pada hasil praktikalitas menunjukkan nilai rata-rata 92,35% untuk guru dengan kategori sangat praktis dan 93,83% untuk peserta didik dengan kategori sangat praktis. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa media kartu permainan berbasis Truth or Dare Play (TODP) pada materi virus valid serta layak untuk dikembangkan dan diimplemntasikan dalam pembelajaran karena mampu meningkatkan minat serta motivasi belajar peserta didik.
Mendukung Transformasi Digital melalui Penyusunan Program Studi Software Engineering
Authors: Marwati Arum , Wahyudin Ade , Utomo Ardian Setio , Iza Noor , Halwa Elfa Nuzila
Published: February 2022

STMM sebagai institusi di bidang perguruan tinggi memiliki peran dalam menjawab tantangan tersebut dengan menghasilkan lulusan-lulusan yang cakap dan unggul di bidang digital. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk dapat menyusun program studi baru yang dapat menghasilkan SDM unggul di bidang digital. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif menggunakan studi kasus. Penelitian dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap, yaitu: analisis pasar, analisis kebutuhan industri, analisis internal STMM, penyusunan prodi baru hasil yang sesuai dengan Kerangka Kualifikasi Nasional Indonesia (KKNI) dan Standar Nasional Pendidikan Tinggi (SNPT) dilanjutkan dengan analisis kebutuhan sarana dan prasarana prodi baru. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan desk research dan focus group discussion dengan pimpinan dan para dosen. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah analisis awal untuk menyusun pembentukan program studi baru di STMM Yogyakarta. Kajian ini berisi visi dan misi, tujuan, sasaran, profil lulusan, standar kompetensi lulusan, bahan kajian, dan materi pembelajaran prodi baru. Hasil penelitian dapat menjadi bahan kajian untuk meningkatkan peran STMM dalam memenuhi kebutuhan SDM yang terampil digital. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah Program studi Software Engineering diharapkan mampu mencetak SDM yang memiliki keterampilan digital dan berkontribusi untuk pembangunan Indonesia maupun global agar potensi digital Indonesia tidak tertinggal.
Analysis of Higher Order Thinking Skills in English Lesson Plans
Authors: Hemas Made Diana Ayu , Wedhanti Nyoman Karina , Juniarta Putu Adi Krisna
Published: February 2022

Sejalan dengan perkembangan pendidikan abad 21 yang saat ini menekankan pada berpikir kritis, analisis masalah, pemecahan masalah, pengambilan keputusan, dan penciptaan sesuatu yang baru. Hal ini menuntut guru untuk menggunakan paradigma baru dalam merancang RPP yang menunjukkan Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Pelaksanaannya tidak berjalan sesuai rencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi isi RPP terkait indikator Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS). Desain penelitian kualitatif dengan studi dokumen digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Data diperoleh secara kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi, analisis dokumen, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) tidak tercantum dalam keseluruhan RPP tetapi hanya terdapat di beberapa bagian. Aspek terintegrasi HOTS adalah kompetensi dasar dan indikator. Hasil ini berimplikasi pada guru bahasa Inggris untuk mengembangkan penerapan Higher Order Thinking (HOTS) dalam isi RPP.