bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An efficient [bmim]oh catalysed the condensations of aromatic aldehydes and diethyl malonate
Authors:   Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Nguyen Thi Thuy Duy , Tran Hoang Phuong ,   Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city
Published: June 2018

The rapid and green procedure for the Knoevenagel reaction between aromatic aldehydes and diethyl malonate was developed by using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide, [Bmim]OH, as an efficient catalyst. The condensations showed good yields with a wide range of aromatic aldehydes in solvent-free condition and short reaction times. [Bmim]OH was easy to recover and could be reused several times without significant loss of catalytic activity.
In vitro expression of enolase from Streptococcus suis serotype 2 and its antigenicity
Authors:   Carlo Urbani Centre, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Nguyen Hoang Bach ,   Department of Microbiology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Nguyen Thi Dang Khoa ,   Carlo Urbani Centre, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy,   Department of Microbiology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tore Gessica ,   Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Italy, Le Van An ,   Carlo Urbani Centre, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy,   Department of Microbiology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Alberti Alberto ,   Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Italy
Published: June 2018

Streptococcus suis serotype 2(SS2) is one of the most important pathogens in the porcine industry and an important zoonotic agent. The absence of suitable vaccine or virulence markers makes SS2 infections more difficult to control. An immunoproteomics approach is used for identifying antigenic proteins in SS2 recognized enolase, which may represent strain-specific antigenic proteins and potential protective antigens. This study aims to clone, express enolase gene from SS2 and use western blotting to evaluate the antigenicity. Enolase gene from the SS2 strain was amplified with specific primers. The obtained PCR product was inserted into an expression vector, pGEX-4T1. The recombinant vector was then transformed into BL21 cells for protein expression. Subsequently, the immunological activity of the recombinant enolase was tested by western blotting with human sera in the convalescent phase. The glutathione S-transferase (GST)-tag fusion enolase was purified by glutathione sepharose affinity chromatography for further studies. The SS2 recombinant enolase was successfully expressed in E. coli. The western blotting analysis demonstrated that enolase has an antigenic property, which is recognized by patients naturally infected with SS2.
The applications of massive parallel sequencing (next-generation sequencing) in research and molecular diagnosis of human genetic diseases
Authors:   Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec International Hospitals, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Hieu T. , Le Huong T.T. ,   Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec International Hospitals, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Liem T. ,   Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec International Hospitals, Hanoi, Vietnam, Lou Hua ,   Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, LaFramboise Thomas ,   Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Published: June 2018

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a high throughput sequencing technology, which has revolutionized both basic and clinical research of the human genetic disorders. This technology is also called massively parallel sequencing (MPS) due to its ability to generate a huge amount of output data in a cost- and time-effective manner. NGS is widely utilized for different sequencing applications such as targeted sequencing (a group of candidate genes), exome sequencing (all coding regions), and whole genome sequencing (the entire human genome). With NGS, a variety of genomic aberrations can be screened simultaneously such as common and rare variants, structural variations (amplifications and deletion), copy-number variation, and fusion transcripts. NGS technologies combined with advanced bioinformatic analysis have tremendously expanded our knowledge. On the one hand, the basic research area involves direct use of NGS to identify novel variations and determine human disease mechanisms. On the other hand, clinical research is being advanced by high-throughput genetic tests with high resolution and clinically relevant genetic information for molecular diagnoses of human disorders. In this communication, we introduce NGS technologies and review a few key areas where NGS has made a significant impact, with an emphasis on the application of NGS to the identification of the molecular bases of human genetic diseases.
Constructing a molecular genotyping assay for rs11077 based on real-time polymerase chain reaction high resolution melting (PCR HRM) technique for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients
Authors:   Center for Research and Application in Bioscience, Pham Thi Hao , Nguyen Thanh Huy ,   Center for Research and Application in Bioscience, Truong Minh Phung ,   Center for Research and Application in Bioscience, Le Thi Thuy Hang ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Food Industry, Quan Quoc Dang ,   Center of Science and Technology Development, Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union, Le Quang Tri ,   7A Military Hospital, Nguyen Hoang Chuong ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh city
Published: June 2018

XPO5 codes for the nuclear transport factor exportin-5, which is a membrane-bound protein. This gene is responsible for the transport of pre-miRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasmic compartments, thereby adjusting the whole miRNA expression level. The reduction of the miRNA levels was recorded when XPO5was knocked down. rs11077 is found in the 3′UTR region of XPO5, and this SNP might affect mRNA stability and be associated with the altered expression of XPO5. This leads to the universal suppression of miRNA expression profiles, thereby mediating the HCC survival. HCC patients bearing C/C and A/C genotypes of rs11077 had a survival rate of 60% after 3 years; and this rate was reduced to 24.7% with HCC patients bearing the A/A genotype. In this study, we constructed a molecular assay based on a real-time PCR HRM technique for rs11077 genotyping. We successfully designed the primer pair for the real-time PCR HRM of rs11077. We also found the optimal concentration of MgCl2 to arrive at a clear differentiation of the three genotypes of rs11077. Thereafter, we characterised the analytical specificity and the precisions of the molecular assay. The SNP genotyping results were compared between the real-time PCR HRM and nucleotide sequencing. Finally, we evaluated the molecular assay on 123 human blood samples. The rs11077 genotyping assay in this study could be used for the prognosis of HCC patients.
Establishment of multiplex PCR for detection of genes related to Quinolone resistance
Authors:   Dept. of Molecular Biology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, Trung Ngo Tat , Quyen Dao Thanh ,   Dept. of Molecular Biology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hoan Phan Quoc ,   Dept. of Molecular Biology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, Velavan Thirumalaisamy P.P. ,   Institute of Tropical Medicine, Tübingen University, Germany, Song Le Huu ,   Dept. of Molecular Biology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam,   aculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: June 2018

Background/aims: It has been shown that quinolone resistance arises due to mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the drug targets. This study aimed to optimise a multiplex PCR assay to track plasmid-mediated low-level quinolone resistance profiles.Subjects and methods: A multiplex PCR-based-method in which the primers were already established by our team. About 44 samples were collected from 44 patients who enrolled in this study by using surgical site infection (SSI).Results: By targeting the conserved domains of qnrA, qnrB, qnrS and the qnrVC gene families, the primer number was reduced significantly to only four pairs in one multiplex PCR. Using multiplex PCR, 3/44 SSI samples were found to be carrying fluoroquinolone-resistance genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qnrVC).Conclusion: A multiplex PCR for detecting pathogens as well as identifying quinolone resistance genes all in one reaction was successfully established.
DNA barcoding, an approach for molecular identification of Huyen-sam (Scrophularia L.) samples collected in Northern Vietnam
Authors:   Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Bui Manh Minh , Vu Anh Tuan ,   General Department of Logistics - Techniques, Vu Phuong Nhung ,   Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Pham Quang Cu ,   General Department of Logistics - Techniques, Nguyen Dang Ton ,   Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology,   Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Huynh Thi Thu Hue ,   Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology,   Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
Published: June 2018

Huyen-sam (Vietnamese name) which belongs to Scrophularia L. genus is a valuable herb. This medicinal plant is classified as Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. Huyen-sam roots, which contain a large amount of bioactive compounds, have a similar morphology to its relatives.DNA barcodes promise to be a precise and reliable tool for distinguishing the processed Huyen-sam materials from their counterfeits. However, studies about using DNA barcodes for classification of Scrophularia L. in Vietnam are not available. Here, we conducted a taxonomic analysis of eight Scrophularia L. samples collected from the mountain areas of Northern Vietnam. Based on the combined sequence data of ribosomal nuclear ITS, a part of chloroplast rbcL gene and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer, phylograms of Scrophularia L.were generated by both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood bootstrap method. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the tested samples have a sister relationship to S. ningpoensis. Hopefully, the analysis strategy that we used would contribute to further phylogenetic analyses of medicinal plants of Vietnam in the future.
BWTaligner: a genome short-read aligner
Authors:   Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Nguyen Lam , Trinh Xuan Thi ,   Faculty of Information Technology, Hanoi Open University, Trinh Hien ,   Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Tran Dang Hung ,   Hanoi National University of Education, Nguyen Cuong ,   Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology
Published: June 2018

The development of next-generation sequencing tech-nologies has helped sequence large genomes easily, producing a huge number of short-reads - small frag-ments of DNA. Despite the existence of many developed alignment tools, mapping short-read datasets to the reference genome, a crucial step of genome analysis, still remains a challenge. In this study, we develop a short-read alignment program, BWTaligner, based on the Burrows-Wheeler transform compression - exact and inexact matching. We tested it on the paired-end read data simulated from chromosome 9 of the rice genome to compare the alignment and single-nucleo-tide polymorphism (SNP) calling between our aligner and BWA - the preferred alignment program. The re-sults showed that the BWA delivers higher recall and F-score, while BWTaligner has better precision in high coveragedepth.
GAYA PENCERITAAN DALAM CERPEN “PEMBUNUHAN DI PROPINSI SUNGAI”
Authors: Sarmianti Sarmianti
Published: June 2018

In this paper, the writer undertook a study on the short story "Pembunuhan di Propinsi Sungai" written by Taufik Ikram Jamil. The study was carried out by utilizing the theory of genetic structuralism and stylistic. Genetic structuralism was selected based on the assumption that literary works are the product of an author, so they are influenced by socio-cultural background of their author. Stylistics was used as aids in understanding the science of typical languages in the literature. From the analysis, it was found that all elements intrinsically are intertwined in showing the meaning of the story well. The theme of the story which is a reflection of the circumstances of the people of Riau Malay is presented with a unique storytelling style that makes this story more interesting and special. The frame of the fairy tale, Kisah 1001 Malam is appropriate for displaying a surreal story.AbstrakPada tulisan ini, penulis melakukan telaah terhadap cerpen “Pembunuhan di Propinsi Sungai” karya Taufik Ikram Jamil. Telaah dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan teori strukturalisme genetik dan stilistika. Strukturalisme genetik dipilih berdasarkan asumsi bahwa karya sastra adalah hasil produk seorang pengarang, karena itu ia akan mendapat pengaruh dari latar belakang sosial budaya pengarangnya. Stilistika digunakan sebagai ilmu bantu dalam memahami bahasa -bahasa yang khas dalam karya sastra. Dari analisis ditemukan bahwa seluruh unsur intrinsik terjalin baik dalam menampilkan makna cerita. Tema cerita yang merupakan refleksi dari keadaan yang menimpa masyarakat Melayu Riau disajikan dengan gaya penceritaan yang unik membuat cerita ini unggul dan khas. Bingkai dongeng Kisah 1001 Malam sangat tepat digunakan untuk menampilkan cerita yang surealis.
NOVEL NEGERI 5 MENARA: SEBUAH TINJAUAN DIDAKTIS
Authors: Marlina Marlina
Published: June 2018

Negeri 5 Menara is a very inspiring novel. It could motivate youth to fight for success. Ahmad Fuadi’s novel published in Jakarta by Gramedia in 2009 contains some didactic values required by young generation. In order to elaborate them descriptive method and pragmatic theory are used. Among ten didactic values put forward by Ali (1984), there are three of them indentified in the novel by using qualitative approach i.e. the determination covering study hard, work hard, and high spirit; the value of divinity that is sincerity (ikhlas); and the value of skill i.e. the training of leadership and motivation.AbstrakNovel Negeri 5 Menara merupakan novel yang sangat inspiratif. Novel ini memberikan motivasi kepada generasi muda untuk berjuang meraih kesuksesannya. Novel karya Ahmad Fuadi yang diterbitkan di Jakarta oleh Gramedia pada 2009 ini mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan yang dibutuhkan generasi muda. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan teori pragmatis, nilai-nilai pendidikan yang terangkum dalam novel ini dapat dijabarkan. Dari sepuluh nilai pendidikan yang dikemukakan Ali (1984), tiga di antaranya terlihat dalam novel ini melalui pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu nilai kehendak, mencakupi belajar dengan giat dan tekun, bekerja dengan keras, dan bersemangat yang tinggi; nilai ketuhanan, yakni bersifat ikhlas, dan nilai keterampilan, yakni melatih jiwa kepemimpinan dan memotivasi secara handal.
ASPEK LINGUISTIK DAN KEBERTERIMAAN DALAM PENERJEMAHAN
Authors: Rachmawati Raja
Published: June 2018

Translation does not only deal with language problems but also cultural problems. There are transferring language and culture in translation. Some aspects needs more attention in translation such as linguistics aspects which involve phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, and psycholinguistics. These aspects are able to give a strong basic for a translator to be a good translator. Another aspect that is also important is about form and meaning aspects. Meaning may appeared from various aspects such as the structure of languages, the situation of using language, and the social and culture of languages. The equivalence problems in target language are able to be coped with by giving definition, elaboration, or giving the explanation to the words. A translator should be able to process his translation well in the and a translator also should consider linguistics aspect, acceptability aspects, and politeness. High and low acceptability rate is also influenced by elaborating translator politeness in the translation.AbstrakPenerjemahan bukan sekadar persoalan bahasa, tetapi juga menyangkut masalah budaya. Terdapat alih bahasa dan budaya dalam penerjemahan. Beberapa aspek perlu mendapat perhatian dalam penerjemahan seperti aspek-aspek linguistik yang mencakup fonologi, morfologi, sintaksis, semantik, pragmatik, sosilinguistik, dan psikolinguistik. Aspek-aspek ini dapat memberikan dasar yang kuat bagi seorang ahli bahasa agar dapat menjadi penerjemah yang baik. Hal yang perlu mendapat perhatian adalah unsur bentuk dan makna. Makna bisa ditimbulkan dalam berbagai konteks, makna bisa muncul karena struktur bahasa, situasi penggunaan bahasa, dan sosio-kultur budaya. Masalah keterpadanan makna dalam bahasa sasaran dapat diselesaikan dengan menempuh cara memberikan definisi, elaborasi, atau menerangkan kata-kata tersebut. Penerjemah harus mengolah hasil terjemahannya dengan baik dalam proses penerjemahan. Penerjemah juga harus mempertimbangkan aspek-aspek linguistik, aspek keberterimaan, dan kesantunan berbahasa. Tinggi rendahnya nilai keberterimaan juga dipengaruhi oleh kesantunan berbahasa penerjemah dalam menguraikan hasil terjemahan.
CERITA RAKYAT “ASAL-USUL PULAU HALANG”: ANALISIS FUNGSI VLADIMIR PROPP
Authors: Maulina Yeni
Published: June 2018

Classical Malay literature in prose is classified in the form of folklore. The plot of folklore describes phenomena and object that exist, by explaining aspects of composition and structure, or aspects of the processes and changes. In other words, in order to determine the origin of an object or objects in folklore, the phenomenon of the object or objects must be recognized first. It is known as original motifs of folklore. Folklore based on structuralism approach sought to facilitate understanding in terms of language or text used. In a fairy tale actors and its properties can be changed, but actions and their role remains the same. Vladimir Propp divided 31 functions of folklore by linking the events and actions of different that have the same meaning, or imply the same conduct. Folklore of the Asal Usul Pulau Halang has sixteen Vladimir Propp's functions. The function in this folklore was developed starting from the first function, the function of IX, the function of X, the function of XII, the function of XIV, the function of the XV, the function of XVI, the function of the XIX, the function of XX, the function of XXI, the function XXIII, the function of XXIV, the function of XXV, the function of the XXIX, the functions of XXX, and the functions of XXXI.AbstrakKarya sastra Melayu klasik yang berbentuk prosa tergolong pada bentuk cerita rakyat. Alur cerita rakyat menggambarkan fenomena dan objek-objek yang ada, dengan menjelaskan aspek komposisi dan struktur, atau aspek proses dan perubahannya. Dengan kata lain, untuk mengetahui asal-usul suatu benda atau objek dalam cerita rakyat, terlebih dahulu mengenal fenomena benda atau objek tersebut. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, maka dikenal cerita rakyat bermotif asal-usul. Cerita rakyat berdasarkan pendekatan strukturalisme diusahakan untuk mempermudah pemahaman dari segi kebahasaan atau teks yang digunakan. Dalam sebuah cerita dongeng para pelaku dan sifat-sifatnya dapat berubah, tetapi perbuatan dan peran mereka tetap sama. Vladimir Propp membagi 31 fungsi dengan mengaitkan berbagai peristiwa dan perbuatan berbeda-beda tetapi mempunyai arti yang sama, atau mengisyaratkan perbuatan yang sama. Cerita rakyat "Asal-usul Pulau Halang" memiliki enam belas fungsi Vladimir Propp. Fungsi dalam cerita rakyat "Asal-usul Pulau Halang" dibangun mulai dari fungsi I, fungsi IX, fungsi X, fungsi XII, fungsi XIV, fungsi XV, fungsi XVI, fungsi XIX, fungsi XX, fungsi XXI, fungsi XXIII, fungsi XXIV, fungsi XXV, fungsi XXIX, fungsi XXX, dan fungsi XXXI.
"LANCANG KUNING ATAWA SITI ZUBAIDAH" KARYA DASRI AL-MUBARY: SEBUAH PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Kurniati Chrisna Putri
Published: June 2018

This  study  discusses  Lancang Kuning  atawa  Siti  Zubaidah  by Dasri  Al-Mubary.  The problem in this research about outlook on life, hierarchical structure, and the condition of cultured patriarchal society in the drama. The purpose of this study is to describe the way of  life,  a  hierarchical  structure,  and  the  condition  of  civilized  society  patriarchy.  The theory used is sociology literature. This is a qualitative study using literature. The primary data  is drama Lancang Kuning atawa Siti Zubaidah  in a book entitled Obladi Oblada written  by Dasri Al-Mubary  works  published  by  the Yayasan  Sagang, Pekanbaru,  2006, 169  pages  thick.  The  conclusion  of  this  research  is  that  there  is  harmony  human relationship  with  God  and  harmony  of  human  relationships  with  human.  Structure hierarchy  within  the Malay  community  consists  of  four  layers.  The  role  and  position  of women  in a patriarchal society culture make women can not be separated  from domestic work.  The  existence  of  stereotypes  in  society  create  the  assumption    that    the  notion  of women are as sex objects.Abstrak  Penelitian ini membahas Lancang Kuning atawa Siti Zubaidah Karya Dasri Al-Mubary. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini tentang pandangan hidup, struktur hierarki, dan kondisi masyarakat berbudaya patriarki dalam drama.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pandangan hidup, struktur hierarki dan kondisi masyarakat berbudaya patriarki. Teori yang digunakan  sosiologi  sastra. Penelitian  ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi  pustaka.  Data  primernya  bersumberkan  drama  Lancang  Kuning  atawa  Siti Zubaidah  dalam  buku  yang berjudul  Obladi  Oblada  karya  Dasri  Al-Mubary  yang diterbitkan  oleh  Yayasan  Sagang,  Pekanbaru,  2006,  setebal  169  halaman. Kesimpulan yang  dapat  diambil  dalam  penelitain  ini  adalah  adanya  keselarasan  hubungan  antara manusia  dengan  Tuhan  dan  keselarasan  hubungan  antara  manusia  dengan  manusia. Struktur  hierarki  dalam masyarakat  Melayu  terdiri  dari  empat  lapisan.  Peran  dan kedudukan perempuan di masyarakat yang berbudaya patriarki membuat perempuan belum bisa  lepas  dari  pekerjaan  domestik.  Adanya  stereotip  dalam  masyarakat  melahirkan anggapan perempuan sebagai objek seks.
PERBANDINGAN CERITA “MAHLIGAI KELOYANG” DAN “KOBA MALIN DEMAN”
Authors: Sabakti Sri
Published: June 2018

Many folklores have same motives, but different in development adjust to the community that support the story. Differences in the development of the story in folklore shows the influences of local cultures to the storyteller. The differences cause various versions of folklore. It is also seen in folklore Mahligai Keloyang from Indragiri Hulu Regency and Koba Malin Deman from Rokan Hulu Regency. Therefore, this study aimed to find the similarities and the differences of the two folklores. The analysis of the similarities and differences of The legend Mahligai Keloyang and Koba Malin Deman applied dynamic structuralism theory, the theory which does not only emphasizes the intrinsic elements, but also pay attention to extrinsic elements in literature. Due to the fact that the study was also intended to compare two folklores, the research method used is descriptive comparative method. Based on the analysis of the structure of the story, it is found that there are similarities and differences in the stories Mahligai Keloyang and Koba Malin Deman which includes elements of the theme, the characters, the settings, and the plots. Based on the analysis of the cultural values in the folklores, some similarities and differences of religious values, moral values, and social values are found.AbstrakBanyak cerita rakyat yang mempunyai motif yang sama, tetapi berbeda pengembangannya disesuaikan dengan masyarakat pendukung cerita tersebut. Perbedaan pengembangan cerita dalam cerita rakyat memperlihatkan adanya pengaruh budaya lokal kepada si pencerita. Perbedaan itulah yang menimbulkan berbagai versi cerita rakyat. Hal ini juga terlihat dalam cerita rakyat “Mahligai Keloyang” dari Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu dan “Koba Malin Deman” dari Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan kedua cerita rakyat tersebut. Analisis terhadap persamaan dan perbedaan cerita legenda “Mahligai Keloyang” dan “Koba Malin Deman” dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori strukturalisme dinamik, yaitu teori yang tidak hanya menekankan pada unsur-unsur intrinsik, tetapi juga memerhatikan unsur ekstrinsik dalam karya sastra. Karena penelitian ini juga bermaksud membandingkan dua cerita rakyat, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif komparatif. Berdasarkan analisis struktur cerita didapati bahwa persamaan dan perbedaan yang terdapat dalam cerita “Mahligai Keloyang” dan “Koba Malin Deman” meliputi unsur tema, tokoh, latar, dan alur. Mealui analisis nilai budaya pada kedua cerita rakyat tersebut diperoleh persamaan dan perbedaan tentang nilai agama, nilai moral, dan nilai sosial.
BATOMBE: WARISAN BUDAYA BANGSA DARI NAGARI ABAI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Krisna Eva
Published: June 2018

“Batombe” is an oral tradition of the Nagari Abai society at Sangir Batanghari Subdistrict, South Solok District, West Sumatra Province. Batombe is exchanging rhymes (berbalas pantun) which is performed as an entertainment on the wedding party (baralek). Batombe is identical with Great House (Rumah Gadang) Nagari Abai which is a unique house because it is a long traditional custom house that has many rooms. It reaches 21 rooms. The rhymes in batombe tends to deliver a feeling of lilting so the singers often drift into the atmosphere of the show. Therefore, as part of community life, batombe often cause a negative effects for the singers soul. This paper describes various things, such as: who batombe singer is; the time to perform this activity; the relationship between batombe and Great House (Rumah Gadang) at Nagari Abai; and the negative effects caused by batombe for the singers. This paper based on the fact that in oral tradition there is a close relationship between text and the speakers and text with context (place, time and atmosphere), a multidisciplinary approach is used in this paper, such as historical, sociological, anthropological, and psychological approach. The method used is descriptive analysis method.AbstrakBatombe adalah tradisi lisan masyarakat Nagari Abai, Kecamatan Sangir Batanghari, Kabupaten Solok Selatan, Provinsi Sumatra Barat. Batombe adalah tradisi berbalas pantun yang dilakukan sebagai hiburan pada pesta pernikahan (baralek). Batombe identik dengan rumah gadang Nagari Abai yang unik, yakni rumah adat dengan ruangan yang sangat panjang hingga 21 ruangan. Pantun-pantun batombe cenderung menyampaikan perasaan yang mendayu-dayu sehingga para pedendangnya sering hanyut ke dalam suasana pertunjukan. Oleh sebab itu, sebagai bagian dari kehidupan masyarakat, seringkali batombe menyebabkan efek negatif bagi (kejiwaan) para pedendangnya. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan berbagai hal, seperti penutur batombe, waktu untuk melakukan batombe, hubungan batombe dengan rumah gadang di Nagari Abai, dan efek negatif yang ditimbulkan batombe bagi pedendangnya. Tulisan ini bertolak dari kenyataan bahwa pada tradisi lisan terdapat hubungan erat, antara lain seperti teks dengan penutur dan teks dengan konteks (tempat, waktu, dan suasana). Pendekatan multidisipliner digunakan pada tulisan ini, yakni pendekatan historis, sosiologis, antropologis, dan psikologis. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif.
KETIDAKADILAN GENDER TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL PADUSI KARYA KA’BATI
Authors: Nasri Daratullaila
Published: June 2018

This thesis is a feminism criticism to a literature created by women. Related to the feminism criticism, the thesis is in the purpose to discover any kind of gender injustices to women in literatures. The injustices happened to women and written by women in Padusi novel are obviously different from literatures written by men. In order to discover the injustices, descriptive analysis method was used for this thesis. The injustices discovered in Padusi novel are: women subordination, negative stereotype to women, and the burden of double job. Gender injustice caused by patriarchy system in society. This patriarchy system is not only being applied by men only, but also by women. Matrilineal system cannot prevent the injustice. If literature (novel) is considered as a reflection of society, then Padusi novel which taking Minangkabau custom as its background that profess matrilineal system has reflected it.AbstrakTulisan ini merupakan kritik sastra fiminis terhadap karya sastra yang diciptakan oleh perempuan. Berkaitan dengan kritik sastra feminis tersebut, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bentuk-bentuk ketidakadilan gender yang dialami oleh perempuan dalam karya sastra. Ketidakadilan gender yang dialami perempuan dan ditulis oleh perempuan dalam novel Padusi tersebut tentu berbeda dengan karya sastra yang diciptakan laki-laki. Untuk mengungkapkan ketidakadilan gender, tulisan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Ketidakadilan gender dalam novel Padusi tersebut ditemukan dalam bentuk subordinasi perempuan, stereotipe negatif terhadap perempuan, dan beban kerja ganda. Ketidakadilan gender tersebut disebabkan budaya patriarki yang sudah melekat dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Budaya patriarki tidak saja diperankan kaum laki-laki, tetapi juga dimainkan oleh perempuan. Sistem kekerabatan matrilineal tidak menjamin tidak terjadinya ketidakadilan gender. Jika karya sastra (novel) dianggap sebagai cermin masyarakat, novel Padusi berlatarkan kebudayaan Minangkabau —menganut sistem kekerabatan matrilineal—telah merefleksikan hal tersebut.
Kecenderungan Kecemasan Neurotik Willy Wonka dalam Novel Charlie and The Chocolate Factory Karya Roald Dahl
Authors: Pratama Hadju Anang Viki
Published: June 2018

Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep psikoanalisis karena adanya kecenderungan kecemasan neurotik pada karakter utama di Charlie and The Chocolate Factory, sebuah novel karya Roald Dahl. Studi ini mengkaji karakter kepribadian Willy Wonka sebagai tokoh utama yang mengarah pada kecemasan neurotik yang dipengaruhi oleh tiga sistem kepribadian, yaitu id, ego, dan superego. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aspek apa saja yang membuat Willy Wonka mengalami kecemasan neurotik dan tindakan yang dilakukan untuk meminimalkan rasa kecemasan tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa Willy Wonka mengalami rasa cemas, gugup, dan panik akibat pengalaman traumatis sejak dulu. Oleh sebab itu, Willy Wonka sengaja mengadakan kompetisi sebagai bentuk alasan bagi mekanisme pertahanan dirinya untuk berpikir mencari cara terbaik dalam mengurangi kecemasannya sementara waktu. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap pemahaman pikiran manusia dan objek signifikansi antara sastra dan kondisi psikologis.
Outcomes following deep brain stimulation lead revision or reimplantation for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Frizon Leonardo A. , Nagel Sean J. , May Francis J. , Shao Jianning , Maldonado-Naranjo Andres L. , Fernandez Hubert H. , Machado Andre G.
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

The number of patients who benefit from deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson’s disease (PD) has increased significantly since the therapy was first approved by the FDA. Suboptimal outcomes, infection, or device failure are risks of the procedure and may require lead removal or repositioning. The authors present here the results of their series of revision and reimplantation surgeries.

METHODS

The data were reviewed from all DBS intracranial lead removals, revisions, or reimplantations among patients with PD over a 6-year period at the authors’ institution. The indications for these procedures were categorized as infection, suboptimal outcome, and device failure. Motor outcomes as well as lead location were analyzed before removal and after reimplant or revision.

RESULTS

The final sample included 25 patients who underwent 34 lead removals. Thirteen patients had 18 leads reimplanted after removal. There was significant improvement in the motor scores after revision surgery among the patients who had the lead revised for a suboptimal outcome (p = 0.025). The mean vector distance of the new lead location compared to the previous location was 2.16 mm (SD 1.17), measured on an axial plane 3.5 mm below the anterior commissure–posterior commissure line. When these leads were analyzed by subgroup, the mean distance was 1.67 mm (SD 0.83 mm) among patients treated for infection and 2.73 mm (SD 1.31 mm) for those with suboptimal outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with PD who undergo reimplantation surgery due to suboptimal outcome may experience significant benefits. Reimplantation after surgical infection seems feasible and overall safe.
Endoscope-assisted contralateral transmaxillary approach to the clivus and the hypoglossal canal: technical case report
Authors: Pamias-Portalatin Eva , Mahato Deependra , Rincon-Torroella Jordina , Vivas-Buitrago Tito , Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo , Boahene Kofi O.
Published: June 2018

Clival lesions are still considered surgically complex due to their anatomical location. Critical structures, such as the internal carotid arteries (ICAs), cavernous sinuses, cranial nerves, and brainstem, may be encased within the lesion. Although advances in endoscopic endonasal approaches have provided new routes to these lesions, exposure and resection of clival tumors through the endonasal route remain a technical challenge. Here, the authors report a left-sided endoscopic transmaxillary approach to access the right aspect of the clivus and the hypoglossal canal.

A 35-year-old woman presented with progressive right 6th cranial nerve palsy. MRI revealed a contrast-enhancing right petroclival chondrosarcoma that involved Meckel’s cave and extended into the right hypoglossal canal. An endoscopic-contralateral-transmaxillary approach through a left sublabial incision was used to access the right petroclival region and right hypoglossal canal. A left maxillary osteoplastic flap was elevated to expose the left maxillary sinus. This was followed by a left medial maxillectomy, gaining access to the left posterior nasal cavity. The posterior third of the left inferior turbinate and nasal septum were removed to access the right side of the petroclival region. Near-total resection was achieved without any vascular or neurological complications. A thin shell of residual tumor was left behind due to involvement of vital structures, such as the ICA, and further treated with proton-beam radiotherapy.

The endoscopic-contralateral-transmaxillary approach provides a direct surgical corridor and good lateral visualization of the skull base vasculature. This approach allows wide maneuverability around the ICA and hypoglossal canal, which, in this case, allowed maximal tumor resection with full preservation of neurological function.
Sagittal splitting of the temporalis muscle for encephalo-myo-synangiosis to prevent ischemic complications due to a swollen temporalis muscle without inhibiting collateral developments in patients with moyamoya disease
Authors: Machida Toshio , Higuchi Yoshinori , Nakano Shigeki , Izumi Masaki , Ishige Satoshi , Fujikawa Atsushi , Akaogi Yuichi , Shimada Junichiro , Ono Junichi
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

Encephalo-myo-synangiosis (EMS) is an effective revascularization procedure for the treatment of moyamoya disease (MMD). However, the temporalis muscle used for EMS sometimes swells and causes ischemic complications by compressing the underlying brain. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of sagittal splitting (SS) of the muscle for prevention of ischemic complications and its impact on the postoperative development of collateral vessels.

METHODS

In this historical case-control study, we analyzed 60 hemispheres in adult patients with MMD who underwent EMS using the temporalis muscle from December 1998 to November 2017. The muscle was divided anteroposteriorly by coronal splitting, and the anterior, posterior, or both parts of the muscle were used for EMS in 17, 4, and 39 hemispheres, respectively. In cases performed after 2006, the muscle was halved by SS, and the medial half was used for EMS to reduce the muscle volume (n = 47). The degree of postoperative muscle swelling was evaluated by measuring the maximum thickness of the muscle on CT scans obtained 3 to 7 days after surgery. The collateral developments of the anterior deep temporal artery (aDTA), posterior deep temporal artery (pDTA), and middle temporal artery (MTA) were assessed using digital subtraction angiography and MR angiography performed 6 months or more after surgery.

RESULTS

SS significantly reduced the temporalis muscle thickness from 12.1 ± 5.0 mm to 7.1 ± 3.0 mm (p < 0.01). Neurological deterioration due to the swollen temporalis muscle developed in 4 of the 13 hemispheres without SS (cerebral infarction in 1, reversible neurological deficit in 2, and convulsion in 1) but in none with SS. There were no significant differences in the postoperative collateral developments of the aDTA, pDTA, and MTA between hemispheres with and without SS. The MTA more frequently developed in hemispheres with EMS in which the posterior part of the muscle was used (30/37) than those in which this part was not used (4/16) (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

SS of the temporalis muscle might prevent neurological deterioration caused by the swollen temporalis muscle by reducing its volume without inhibiting the development of the collateral vessels.
Sacroiliac joint arthrodesis for chronic sacroiliac joint pain: an anterior approach and clinical outcomes with a minimum 5-year follow-up
Authors: Murakami Eiichi , Kurosawa Daisuke , Aizawa Toshimi
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

The authors evaluated the outcomes of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) arthrodesis via an original anterior approach to the upper anterior surface of the SIJ in patients with a minimum of 5 years’ follow-up.

METHODS

The authors performed anterior SIJ arthrodesis in 45 patients between 2001 and 2015. Of these patients, 27 (11 men and 16 women; mean age at surgery 49 [24–86] years) were followed up for a minimum of 5 years (average 113 months, range 61–157 months). In the 14 patients in the earlier period of this study, the authors used an anterior approach to expose the SIJ by separating the iliac muscle from the iliac bone and performed internal fixation. In the 13 patients later in the study, the authors changed to a pararectal approach, which involved an incision along the lateral border of the rectus abdominal muscle. Then, extraperitoneally, the upper anterior surface of the SIJ was exposed between the psoas major muscle and the iliac muscle.

RESULTS

Among the 27 patients, 21 had unilateral anterior arthrodesis alone, 4 required additional posterior arthrodesis, and 2 required pelvic ring arthrodesis because of later pain on the opposite side. In the 21 patients with a unilateral anterior arthrodesis, outcome according to the modified Macnab criteria was excellent in 7, good in 11, and fair in 3. Outcomes were excellent, good, fair, and poor in 1 patient each among the 4 with additional posterior fusion. Outcomes were good and poor for 1 patient each among those with pelvic ring arthrodesis. All 27 patients demonstrated bone union of the SIJ on CT. Lateral femoral cutaneous neuralgia developed in 7 of the 27 patients; 6 patients had undergone the initial anterior method and 1 the later method.

CONCLUSIONS

Anterior SIJ arthrodesis was effective in most patients with severe SIJ pain resistant to conservative therapy. This approach has the advantage of direct curettage and bone graft into the wide area of the SIJ, which result in good bone union. In particular, the authors’ current pararectal approach could decrease the potential risk of lateral cutaneous injury.
Autologous cervical fascia duraplasty in 123 children and adults with Chiari malformation type I: surgical technique and complications
Authors: Dlouhy Brian J. , Menezes Arnold H.
Published: June 2018

OBJECT

Techniques for combined extradural and intradural decompression with expansile duraplasty for Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) have been well described, with various allogenic and autologous materials used for duraplasty. However, the approach and surgical technique used for duraplasty in our treatment of CM-I and developed by the senior author in the 1990s has not been described.

METHODS

A prospective database was initiated in March 2003 to denote the use of cervical fascia for duraplasty and incorporate an ongoing detailed record of complications during the surgical treatment of children and adults with CM-I with and without syringomyelia. A total of 389 surgeries for CM-I were performed on 379 patients from March 2003 to June 2016. A total of 123 posterior procedures were performed on 123 patients in which both a posterior fossa extradural and intradural decompression with duraplasty (extra-intradural) was performed. In this paper the authors describe the surgical technique for harvesting and using cervical fascia for duraplasty in the surgical treatment of CM-I and analyze and discuss complications from a prospective database spanning 2003–2016.

RESULTS

The authors found that cervical fascia can be harvested in patients of all ages (2–61 years old) without difficulty, and it provides a good substitute for dura in creating an expansile duraplasty in patients with CM-I. Cervical fascia is an elastic-like material with a consistency that allows for a strong watertight closure. Harvesting the cervical fascia graft does not require any further extension of the incision superiorly or inferiorly to obtain the graft. Complications were uncommon in this study of 123 children and adults. The risk of any type of complication (aseptic meningitis, CSF leak, pseudomeningocele, infection, development of hydrocephalus, and need for ventriculoperitoneal shunt) for the 78 patients in the pediatric age group was 0%. The risk of complication in the adult group was 6.7% (1 patient with aseptic meningitis and 2 patients with CSF leak).

CONCLUSIONS

Autologous cervical fascia is easy to obtain in patients of all ages and provides an effective material for duraplasty in the treatment of CM-I. Complications from the combination of both an extradural and intradural decompression with autologous cervical fascia duraplasty are uncommon.
Hybrid vascular intervention for a giant cervical carotid artery aneurysm in a clopidogrel-hyporesponsive child
Authors: Ocal Osman , Yilmaz Mustafa , Peynircioglu Bora , Bilginer Burcak , Peker Ahmet , Arat Anil
Published: June 2018

Aneurysms of the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) in pediatric patients are rare and mostly treated surgically. The authors present the case of a child with a giant extracranial ICA aneurysm presenting with gradual airway compression. A plan was made to explore the aneurysm surgically and straighten the associated carotid artery kinks during the operation to enable further endovascular treatment if primary reconstruction of the carotid artery proved not to be possible. Finally, the aneurysm was successfully treated with staged hybrid intervention, which consisted of surgical correction of parent artery kinks followed by endovascular implantation of stent grafts. The child tolerated the procedure well without adverse events. A craniocervical CT angiogram at 5 months showed patency of the stent construct and relief of airway compression. However, a follow-up CT angiogram at 14 months showed total occlusion of the ipsilateral carotid artery without clinical sequelae and complete cessation of airway compression. The management of this was unique since the patient is the first reported case of clopidogrel hyporesponsiveness in a child undergoing neurovascular intervention with prasugrel monotherapy. Point-of-care testing–based adjustment of prasugrel necessitated education of the patient’s family regarding the loss of effect of the prasugrel tablets upon crushing and contact with air.
An Overview of Literary Multilingualism
Authors: Rossich Albert
Published: June 2018

The study of literary works involving two or more languages, a phenomenon that has been historically much more abundant than we might think, raises a variety of problems that critics have often minimized or ignored, such as the difficulties that texts written in different languages cause when we want to ascribe them to a particular national literature. This article aims to present and classify this heterogeneous procedure, present in all periods of the history of literature, and to evaluate the various intentions behind it. It studies the forms of literary multilingualism (alternation, confusion and language mixture) and the purposes that guide them (rhetorics of display, desire for verisimilitude, willingness to parody, a reflection of diglossia), with reference to a variety of examples from different literatures.
A Cognitive Analysis of Characters in Swedish and Anglophone Children's Fantasy Literature
Authors: Alkestrand Malin , Owen Christopher
Published: June 2018

In Justice in Young Adult Speculative Fiction, Marek C. Oziewicz argues, ‘it is possible to study scripts through the lens of the author's cognition, through the reader's cognition, or as a textual matter with an implied author and reader’ (9–10). Here we propose a fourth method for studying scripts in children's literature: as a textual matter. Unlike previous research in the field, we argue that neither the implied author nor the implied or real reader's cognition is necessary for a cognitive analysis to offer insights about a literary text. A cognitive analysis of characters can demonstrate how each character's cognitive embodiment of their intersectional subject position contributes to the progression of a text's plot and themes.

By analysing the mimetic, synthetic and thematic dimensions of character (Phelan), we maintain an ontological distinction between humans and characters – a prerequisite for applying cognitive theories to characters. In order to demonstrate the broad applicability of our approach, we analyse the cognitive scripts of the protagonists in two portal-quest fantasies from two different countries. Taliah Pollack's Saga Swärd: Omskakare och världsresenär [Saga Sword: world shaker and traveller] was published in Sweden in 2012; Tahereh Mafi's Furthermore dates from 2016 and was published in the US.
Mary and the Mystery of the Strange Crying: Elements of the Detective Story in The Secret Garden
Authors: Oppermann Eva
Published: June 2018

This contribution demonstrates how Burnett adopts several devices typical of detective fiction, namely clues, secondary secrets, interrogations, Gothic elements and the investigating outsider in a closed (and reclusive) society, in The Secret Garden in order to introduce tension and the motif of a riddle to solve her masterpiece. She also for the first time uses character qualities to develop Mary into a character with a talent to rely on her own observations and draw the correct conclusions. Thus she becomes the prototype of the girl sleuth who will become important in later detective fiction for children. This so far neglected aspect provides new insight into both the novel's plot structure and its main character's special qualities.