A STUDY ON ASSESSMENT OF EFFECT OF SAMYOGA VIRUDDHA AHARA CONSUMPTION ON METABOLIC SYNDROME IN 35 - 50 YEAR OLD MEN AND WOMEN OF MUMBAI
Authors:   Masters in Specialised Dietetics, Department of Food Nutrition, and Dietetics, Sir Vitthaldas Thackersey College of Home Science (Autonomous), SNDT Womens University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (W), Mumbai - 400049, Maharashtra, India., Kanchwala Ruqaiyah , Battalwar Rekha ,   Associate Professor, Department of Food, Nutrition, and Dietetics, Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science (Autonomous), Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Womens University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (W), Mumbai - 400049, Maharashtra, India., Madan Jagmeet ,   Principal and Professor, Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science (Autonomous), Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Womens University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (W), Mumbai - 400049, Maharashtra, India., T. Salunke Ajay ,   Principal and Professor, KGMittal Ayurved College, Netaji Subhash Road, Marine Drive, Mumbai - 400002, Maharashtra, India.
Published: July 2022

Background: Metabolic Syndrome is now a growing epidemic spanning rapidly across the world. The increasing prevalence is observed in developing countries, developed countries as well as underdeveloped countries indicating, the weight of the current situation and the need for immediate worldwide action at governmental, public, community and clinical level. Ayurveda, one of the most ancient medical sciences emphasizes the importance of diet (Ahara), in determining an individuals health. It states that consumption of food in the wrong combination, dosage, sequence, quantity, method of cooking, processing results in disturbance at molecular level, which progresses into development of various diseases. In the present day scenario, due to modernisation we observe a change in the lifestyle of individuals and the prevalence of metabolic disorders like - diabetes and cardiovascular disorders has increased. The following study aimed at assessing the effect of Samyoga Viruddha Ahara Consumption on of Metabolic Syndrome in 35 - 50 year old men and women of Mumbai Aim: To assess the effect of Samyoga Viruddha Ahara Consumption on Metabolic Syndrome in 35 - 50 year old men and women. Materials and Methods: The study was a Cross sectional Observational Study carried out on 97 participants between age 35 -50 years, residing in Mumbai, selected with random sampling method. The participants were enrolled into health camps, where demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, and dietary information was recorded using self-designed questionnaire. Biochemical analysis was carried out on venous blood sample drawn from each participant after a 12 Hour Fast and analysed for lipid profile (HDL-C and TG) and Fasting Plasma Glucose. After receiving blood reports indicating HDL-C and TG levels, participants were diagnosed for presence or absence of metabolic syndrome using the NCEP ATP III Criteria. All 97 participants were administered the Samyoga Viruddha Ahara Frequency Questionnaire and correlation between dietary patterns, Samyoga Viruddha Ahara Consumption Frequency and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its risk factors was established. Data was analysed using SPSS Version 25 for Windows. Statistical analysis was carried out using Mann Whitney U Test, Pearsons Correlation and Spearmans Correlation tests were carried out to analyse frequency and correlation between anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, blood levels with nutrient intake. Rank Point Biserial Correlation was used to analyse correlation between prevalence of metabolic syndrome and Samyoga Viruddha Ahara Frequency.The p value of <0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: Higher prevalence of MetS (52.6%) observed in participants compared to non-MetS (47.4%). Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome was found to be higher in Males compared to females. (p = 0.003). Anthropometric parameters such as - Weight, BMI, Waist Circumference were observed higher in MetS compared to non-MetS (p<0.05). Average Systolic and Diastolic blood Pressure of participants with MetS was higher than non-MetS (p<0.05). Higher prevalence of Hypertensive and Prehypertensive individuals in MetS group compared to non-MetS. Higher levels of HDL-C found in non-MetS compared to MetS (p<0.05), whereas High TG observed in MetS compared to non-MetS (p<0.05). Significant positive correlation between caloric consumption with weight (p = 0.031), muscle mass (p = 0.005), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.006), diastolic Blood Pressure (p = 0.015). Significantly positive correlation between weight, BMI, Waist Circumference, Hip circumference, Waist to Hip Ratio, Body Fat Percentage, Muscle Mass, Blood Pressure (SBP and DBP), with Frequency of Consumption of Samyoga Viruddha Ahara found. Conclusion: Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in study population was 52.6%, with higher prevalence observed in males than in females. Dietary patterns of participants as reflected by 24-Hour Dietary recall and Samyoga Viruddha Ahara Consumption Frequency Questionnaire showed higher consumption of Samyoga Viruddha Ahara in participants with Metabolic Syndrome and a positive correlation of higher consumption with increased Body weight, BMI, Waist Circumference, Waist Circumference, and Blood Pressure. Therefore reducing Consumption of Samyoga Viruddha Ahara (Incompatible Food Combinations), in diet may reduce prevalence of metabolic Syndrome and its Components like - obesity, dyslipidaemia, elevated Blood Pressure.