bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entrevista com Cláudio Souto e Solange Souto
Authors: Botelho Junqueira Eliane
Published: September 2021

A pesquisadora Profa. Dra. Eliane Botelho Junqueira realizou esta entrevista com os sociólogos do direito Cláudio Souto e Solange Souto. Esta entrevista registra uma pesquisa de Eliane Junqueira sobre o Ensino e a Pesquisa e sociologia do direito no Brasil. Esta entrevista conta com comentários da entrevistadora.
Quando Casanova virou o rosto e tapou os ouvidos
Authors: Oliveira Luciano
Published: September 2021

O célebre suplício de Damiens, ocorrido na segunda metade do século XVIII e relegado ao esquecimento, foi ressuscitado na segunda metade do século XX com a publicação de Vigiar e Punir, de Michel Foucault, que abre o livro com sua descrição, seguida da transcrição do regulamento de uma prisão em 1832, onde silêncio, trabalho e oração substituem o esquartejamento a que Damiens foi submetido, pois nos regimes penais modernos a pena, em vez de tripudiar sobre os corpos, tem por objetivo o adestramento das almas – o que hoje chamaríamos de “ressocialização”. Por que isso aconteceu? Para Foucault, a substituição dos suplícios em praça pública pela prisão apenas expressa um “remanejamento do poder de punir”, visando a produção de corpos politicamente “dóceis” e economicamente produtivos, nada tendo a ver com um “progresso do humanismo”, como quer a doutrina penal. O artigo, mobilizando uma bibliografia pouco divulgada no Brasil, propõe uma releitura da crítica foucaultiana ao “humanismo penal” de autores como Beccaria e outros, sustentando a tese de que, ao lado de razões utilitárias, as reformas penais do século XVIII também expressam uma nova sensibilidade contra os castigos físicos.
Applying Mobile Technology to Sustain Physical Activity After Completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation: Acceptability Study
Authors: Elnaggar Abdelaziz , von Oppenfeld Julia , Whooley Mary A , Merek Stephanie , Park Linda G
Published: September 2021

Background

Many patients do not meet the recommended levels of physical activity after completing a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program. Wearable activity trackers and mobile phone apps are promising potential self-management tools for maintaining physical activity after CR completion.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the acceptability of a wearable device, mobile app, and push messages to facilitate physical activity following CR completion.

Methods

We used semistructured interviews to assess the acceptability of various mobile technologies after participation in a pilot randomized controlled trial. Intervention patients in the randomized controlled trial wore the Fitbit Charge 2, used the Movn mobile app, and received push messages on cardiovascular disease prevention and physical activity for over 2 months. We asked 26 intervention group participants for feedback about their experience with the technology and conducted semistructured individual interviews with 7 representative participants. We used thematic analysis to create the main themes from individual interviews.

Results

Our sample included participants with a mean age of 66.7 (SD 8.6) years; 23% (6/26) were female. Overall, there were varying levels of satisfaction with different technology components. There were 7 participants who completed the satisfaction questionnaires and participated in the interviews. The Fitbit and Movn mobile app received high satisfaction scores of 4.86 and 4.5, respectively, whereas push messages had a score of 3.14 out of 5. We identified four main themes through the interviews: technology use increased motivation to be physically active, technology use served as a reminder to be physically active, recommendations for technology to improve user experience, and desire for personal feedback.

Conclusions

By applying a wearable activity tracker, mobile phone app, and push messages, our study showed strong potential for the adoption of new technologies by older adults to maintain physical activity after CR completion. Future research should include a larger sample over a longer period using a mixed methods approach to assess the efficacy of technology use for promoting long-term physical activity behavior in older adults.
Ecological Momentary Assessment of Bipolar Disorder Symptoms and Partner Affect: Longitudinal Pilot Study
Authors: Yerushalmi Mor , Sixsmith Andrew , Pollock Star Ariel , King David B , O'Rourke Norm
Published: September 2021

Background

The World Health Organization ranks bipolar disorder (BD) as the 7th leading cause of disability. Although the effects on those with BD are well described, less is reported on the impact of BD on cohabiting partners or any interactions between the two; this requires in vivo data collection measured each day over several months.

Objective

We set out to demonstrate the utility of ecological momentary assessment with BD couples measured using yoked smartphone apps. When randomly prompted over time, we assumed distinct patterns of association would emerge between BD symptoms (both depression and hypo/mania) and partner mood (positive and negative affect).

Methods

For this pilot study, we recruited an international sample of young and older adults with BD and their cohabiting partners where available. Both participants and partners downloaded separate apps onto their respective smartphones. Within self-specified “windows of general availability,” participants with BD were randomly prompted to briefly report symptoms of depression and hypo/mania (ie, BDSx), positive and negative mood (ie, POMS-15; partners), and any important events of the day (both). The partner app was yoked to the participant app so that the former was prompted roughly 30 minutes after the participant with BD or the next morning if outside the partner’s specified availability.

Results

Four couples provided 312 matched BD symptom and partner mood responses over an average of 123 days (range 65-221 days). Both were GPS- and time-stamped (mean 3:11 hrs between questionnaires, SD 4:51 hrs). Total depression had a small but significant association with positive (r=–.14; P=.02) and negative partner affect (r=.15; P=.01]. Yet total hypo/mania appeared to have no association with positive partner affect (r=–.01; P=.87); instead, negative partner affect was significantly correlated with total hypo/mania (r=.26; P=.01). However, when we look specifically at BD factors, we see that negative partner affect is associated only with affrontive symptoms of hypo/mania (r=.38; P=.01); elation or loss of insight appears unrelated to either positive (r=.10; P=.09) or negative partner affect (r=.02; P=.71). Yet affrontive symptoms of hypo/mania were significantly correlated with negative affect, but only when couples were together (r=.41; P=.01), not when apart (r=.22; P=.12). That is, these angry interpersonal symptoms of hypo/mania appear to be experienced most negatively by spouses when couples are together.

Conclusions

These initial findings demonstrate the utility of in vivo ambulatory data collection in longitudinal mental health research. Preliminary analyses suggest different BD symptoms are associated with negative and positive partner mood. These negative effects appear greater for hypo/mania than depressive symptoms, but proximity to the person with BD is important.
Applying Mobile Technology to Sustain Physical Activity After Completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation: Acceptability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Elnaggar Abdelaziz , von Oppenfeld Julia , Whooley Mary A , Merek Stephanie , Park Linda G
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Many patients do not meet the recommended levels of physical activity after completing a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program. Wearable activity trackers and mobile phone apps are promising potential self-management tools for maintaining physical activity after CR completion.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the acceptability of a wearable device, mobile app, and push messages to facilitate physical activity following CR completion.

METHODS

We used semistructured interviews to assess the acceptability of various mobile technologies after participation in a pilot randomized controlled trial. Intervention patients in the randomized controlled trial wore the Fitbit Charge 2, used the Movn mobile app, and received push messages on cardiovascular disease prevention and physical activity for over 2 months. We asked 26 intervention group participants for feedback about their experience with the technology and conducted semistructured individual interviews with 7 representative participants. We used thematic analysis to create the main themes from individual interviews.

RESULTS

Our sample included participants with a mean age of 66.7 (SD 8.6) years; 23% (6/26) were female. Overall, there were varying levels of satisfaction with different technology components. There were 7 participants who completed the satisfaction questionnaires and participated in the interviews. The Fitbit and Movn mobile app received high satisfaction scores of 4.86 and 4.5, respectively, whereas push messages had a score of 3.14 out of 5. We identified four main themes through the interviews: technology use increased motivation to be physically active, technology use served as a reminder to be physically active, recommendations for technology to improve user experience, and desire for personal feedback.

CONCLUSIONS

By applying a wearable activity tracker, mobile phone app, and push messages, our study showed strong potential for the adoption of new technologies by older adults to maintain physical activity after CR completion. Future research should include a larger sample over a longer period using a mixed methods approach to assess the efficacy of technology use for promoting long-term physical activity behavior in older adults.
Using Social Media for Peer-to-Peer Cancer Support: Interviews With Young Adults With Cancer (Preprint)
Authors: Lazard Allison J , Collins Meredith K Reffner , Hedrick Ashley , Varma Tushar , Love Brad , Valle Carmina G , Brooks Erik , Benedict Catherine
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Web-based social support can address social isolation and unmet support needs among young adults with cancer (aged 18-39 years). Given that 94% of young adults own and use smartphones, social media can offer personalized, accessible social support among peers with cancer.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the specific benefits, downsides, and topics of social support via social media among young adults with cancer.

METHODS

We conducted semistructured interviews with young adults with cancer, aged between 18 and 39 years, who were receiving treatment or had completed treatment for cancer.

RESULTS

Most participants (N=45) used general audience platforms (eg, Facebook groups), and some cancer-specific social media (eg, Caring Bridge), to discuss relevant lived experiences for medical information (managing side effects and treatment uncertainty) and navigating life with cancer (parenting and financial issues). Participants valued socializing with other young adults with cancer, making connections outside their personal networks, and being able to validate their emotional and mental health experiences without time and physical constraints. However, using social media for peer support can be an emotional burden, especially when others post disheartening or harassing content, and can heighten privacy concerns, especially when navigating cancer-related stigma.

CONCLUSIONS

Social media allows young adults to connect with peers to share and feel validated about their treatment and life concerns. However, barriers exist for receiving support from social media; these could be reduced through content moderation and developing more customizable, potentially cancer-specific social media apps and platforms to enhance one’s ability to find peers and manage groups.

CLINICALTRIAL
Patients’ and Providers’ Perspectives on and Needs of Telemonitoring to Support Clinical Management and Self-care of People at High Risk for Preeclampsia: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Aquino Maria , Griffith Janessa , Vattaparambil Tessy , Munce Sarah , Hladunewich Michelle , Seto Emily
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide, with a global prevalence at 2%-8% of pregnancies. Patients at high risk for preeclampsia (PHRPE) have an increased risk of complications, such as fetal growth restriction, preterm delivery, abnormal clotting, and liver and kidney disease. Telemonitoring for PHRPE may allow for timelier diagnosis and enhanced management, which may improve maternal and perinatal outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to determine the perceptions and needs of PHRPE and their health care providers with respect to telemonitoring through semistructured interviews with both groups. This study explored (1) what the needs and challenges of monitoring PHRPE are during pregnancy and in the postpartum period and (2) what features are required in a telemonitoring program to support self-care and clinical management of PHRPE.

METHODS

This study used a qualitative descriptive approach, and thematic analysis was conducted. PHRPE and health care providers from a high-risk obstetrical clinic in a large academic hospital in Toronto, Canada, were asked to participate in individual semistructured interviews. Two researchers jointly developed a coding framework and separately coded each interview to ensure that the interviews were double-coded. The software program NVivo version 12 was used to help organize the codes.

RESULTS

In total, 7 PHRPE and 5 health care providers, which included a nurse practitioner and physicians, participated in the semistructured interviews. Using thematic analysis, perceptions on the benefits, barriers, and desired features were determined. Perceived benefits of telemonitoring for PHRPE included close monitoring of home blood pressure (BP) measurements and appropriate interventions for abnormal BP readings; the development of a tailored telemonitoring system for pregnant patients; and facilitation of self-management. Perceived barriers to telemonitoring for PHRPE included financial and personal barriers, as well as the potential for increased clinician workload. Desired features of a secure platform for PHRPE included the facilitation of self-management for patients and decision making for clinicians, as well as the inclusion of evidence-based action prompts.

CONCLUSIONS

The perceptions of patients and providers on the use of telemonitoring for PHRPE support the need for a telemonitoring program for the management of PHRPE. Recommendations from this study include the specific features of a telemonitoring program for PHRPE, as well as the use of frameworks and design processes in the design and implementation of a telemonitoring program for PHRPE.
Comparison of Machine Learning Classifiers to Predict Patient Survival and Genetics of High-Grade Glioma: Towards a Standardized Model for Clinical Implementation (Preprint)
Authors: Pasquini Luca , Napolitano Antonio , Lucignani Martina , Tagliente Emanuela , Dellepiane Francesco , Rossi-Espagnet Maria Camilla , Vidiri Antonello , Villani Veronica , Ranazzi Giulio , Stoppacciaro Antonella , Romano Andrea , Di Napoli Alberto , Bozzao Alessandro
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Radiomic models outperform clinical data for outcome prediction in high-grade gliomas (HGG). Many machine learning (ML) radiomic models have been developed, mostly employing single classifiers with variable results. However, comparative analyses of different ML models for clinically-relevant tasks are lacking in the literature.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to compare well-established ML learning classifiers, including single and ensemble learners, to predict clinically-relevant tasks for HGG: overall survival (OS), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, O-6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification and Ki-67 expression in HGG patients, based on radiomic features from conventional and advanced MRI. Our objective was to identify the best algorithm for each task in terms of accuracy of the prediction performance.

METHODS

156 adult patients with pathologic diagnosis of HGG were included. Three tumoral regions were manually segmented: contrast-enhancing tumor, necrosis and non-enhancing tumor. Radiomic features were extracted with a custom version of Pyradiomics, and selected through Boruta algorithm. A Grid Search algorithm was applied when computing 4 times K-fold cross validation (K=10) to get the highest mean and lowest spread of accuracy. Model performance was assessed as Area Under The Curve-Receiver Operating Characteristics (AUC-ROC).

RESULTS

Ensemble classifiers showed the best performance across tasks. xGB obtained highest accuracy for OS (74.5%), AB for IDH mutation (88%), MGMT methylation (71,7%), Ki-67 expression (86,6%), and EGFRvIII amplification (81,6%).

CONCLUSIONS

Best performing features shed light on possible correlations between MRI and tumor histology.
Authors’ Response to Peer Reviews of “Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of College Students in India: Cross-sectional Web-Based Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Chaudhary Amar Prashad , Sonar Narayan Sah , TR Jamuna , Banerjee Moumita , Yadav Shailesh
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

These are author responses to peer review.
Enhanced surveillance for covid-19 response in Lagos State, Nigeria: lessons learnt, 2020 (Preprint)
Authors: Umeh Gregory Chukwuemeka , Abubakar Khalid , Akinmusire Peter , Isa Adamu M. , Zauro Aminu , Aliyu Larai T. , Aminu Gadama , Akeem Busari , Kida Adamu M. , Ahmed Abba D. , Danbatta Gidado , Ishiaku Barde D. , Zorto Philip , Bello Adamu , Zubairu Mahmud , Korir Charles , Braka Fiona , Abdelrahim Khalid , Yenyi Samuel , Onyibe Rosemary , Ramadan Otim P. , Chukwuji Martin , Esan Memuna , Nwaeke Clement , Madubu Dauda , Banda Richard , Abdus-salam Ismail A. , Ihekweazu Chikwe , Abayomi Akinola E.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

The SARS-CoV-2, the novel virus which causes the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has changed the world. No aspect of humanity is untouched from health, aviation, service industry, politics, economy, education, and entertainment to social and personal lives, since the outbreak of influenza-like illness in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The Lagos State COVID-19 response team deployed enhanced surveillance through Active Case Search (ACS) for Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) at health facilities and communities in the 20 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Lagos State. Lagos State was the first state in Nigeria to deploy this specific surveillance strategy for Nigeria’s COVID-19 response.

OBJECTIVE

We documented the methods, findings, and review of the active case search for acute respiratory infections, part of COVID-19 response in 20 LGAs of Lagos State, between 1st April and 15th May 2020.

METHODS

We utilized descriptive and quantitative approaches to describe and assess the impact of the Active Case Search (ACS) for Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in health facilities and communities in 20 LGAs of Lagos State between 1st April and 15th May 2020.

RESULTS

We found a significant difference in mean scores of suspected COVID-19 cases (M=60, SD=109, before ACS for ARI compared to M=568, SD=732, after ACS for ARI, P=0.0039), confirmed cases (M=10, SD=19, before ACS for ARI compared to M=144, SD=187, after ACS for ARI, P=0.0028) and contacts (M=56, SD=116, before ACS for ARI compared to M=152, SD=177, after ACS for ARI, P=0.044) before and after ACS for ARI in 20 LGAs of Lagos State, between 1st April and 15th May 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

The deployment of the Lagos State government’s polio-eradication structure for the COVID-19 response is both innovative and effective. The response to COVID-19 requires robust surveillance, credible and timely communication, collaboration, coordination among government, inter-governmental organizations (e.g., WHO), non-governmental organizations, and citizens to succeed and limit the medical, economic, social, and personal losses to the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Patient-Screening Tool for Clinical Research Based on Electronic Health Records Using OpenEHR: Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Li Mengyang , Cai Hailing , Nan Shan , Li Jialin , Lu Xudong , Duan Huilong
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

The widespread adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) has facilitated the secondary use of EHR data for clinical research. However, screening eligible patients from EHRs is a challenging task. The concepts in eligibility criteria are not completely matched with EHRs, especially derived concepts. The lack of high-level expression of Structured Query Language (SQL) makes it difficult and time consuming to express them. The openEHR Expression Language (EL) as a domain-specific language based on clinical information models shows promise to represent complex eligibility criteria.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to develop a patient-screening tool based on EHRs for clinical research using openEHR to solve concept mismatch and improve query performance.

METHODS

A patient-screening tool based on EHRs using openEHR was proposed. It uses the advantages of information models and EL in openEHR to provide high-level expressions and improve query performance. First, openEHR archetypes and templates were chosen to define concepts called simple concepts directly from EHRs. Second, openEHR EL was used to generate derived concepts by combining simple concepts and constraints. Third, a hierarchical index corresponding to archetypes in Elasticsearch (ES) was generated to improve query performance for subqueries and join queries related to the derived concepts. Finally, we realized a patient-screening tool for clinical research.

RESULTS

In total, 500 sentences randomly selected from 4691 eligibility criteria in 389 clinical trials on stroke from the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) were evaluated. An openEHR-based clinical data repository (CDR) in a grade A tertiary hospital in China was considered as an experimental environment. Based on these, 589 medical concepts were found in the 500 sentences. Of them, 513 (87.1%) concepts could be represented, while the others could not be, because of a lack of information models and coarse-grained requirements. In addition, our case study on 6 queries demonstrated that our tool shows better query performance among 4 cases (66.67%).

CONCLUSIONS

We developed a patient-screening tool using openEHR. It not only helps solve concept mismatch but also improves query performance to reduce the burden on researchers. In addition, we demonstrated a promising solution for secondary use of EHR data using openEHR, which can be referenced by other researchers.
Role of spasticity severity on the balance of post-stroke patients (Preprint)
Authors: Mahmoudzadeh Ashraf , Nakhostin Ansari Noureddin , Naghdi Soofia , Ghasemi Ehsan , Shaw Brandon S , Shaw Ina
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Lower limb spasticity, as is common following a cerebrovascular attack (CVA) or stroke, can affect the balance and gait of patients. This then not only affects independence, and quality of life, but also increases the risk for other concerns, such as falling and an increased sedentariness, which could further affect health outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to evaluate the effect of ankle plantar flexor spasticity severity on balance and to determine the relationship between the spasticity severity with ankle proprioception, passive range of motion (ROM), and balance confidence in post-stroke patients.

METHODS

Twenty-eight post-stroke patients were divided into two groups based on the level of ankle plantar flexor spasticity according to the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS) as a High Spasticity Group (HSG) (MMAS>2) (n=14) or a Low Spasticity Group (LSG) (MMAS≤2) (n=14). The MMAS scores, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Questionnaire, postural sway in the open and closed eyes conditions, timed up and go (TUG) test, ankle dorsiflexion passive range of motion (ROM), and ankle joint proprioception were measured.

RESULTS

No significant (p>0.05) differences were found between the LSG and HSG in terms of balance confidence, dynamic balance, and ankle dorsiflexion ROM. In addition, postural sway in the open and closed eye conditions was not significantly different in both the LSG and HSG for both the less affected and affected limbs. Similarly, posturography indicators in the open and closed eye conditions were not significantly different in both the LSG and HSG for both the less affected and affected limbs. However, ankle joint proprioception in terms of repositioning error angle was significantly (p≤0.05) better in the LSG compared to the HSG (p=0.01). There was also a significant relationship between TUG scores and balance confidence in the HSG(r=-0.55, p=0.04)

CONCLUSIONS

Our data suggests that several aspects of balance needs to be considered in the assessment and rehabilitation of post-stroke patients and there is a need to monitor entire patterns of activities to support wider engagement in rehabilitation activities.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/16045
Evolution of COVID-19 Tweets about Southeast Asian Countries: Topic Modelling and Sentiment Analyses (Preprint)
Authors: Mathayomchan Boonyanit , Taecharungroj Viriya , Wattanacharoensil Walanchalee
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Emergence and evolution of online discourse on Twitter concerning the COVID-19 pandemic are crucial for public health and public relation officials to understand the prevailing perception of the disease and its impact. Despite the global scale of this pandemic, comparison and contrast of topics, sentiment and emotions of tweets among countries are limited. Further, most previous studies covered a short timeframe due to the recency of the event and the large volume of tweets.

OBJECTIVE

The purposes of this research were to (1) identify the multiplicity of public discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic and how they evolved, (2) compare and contrast sentiment levels and (3) compare emotions about countries over time.

METHODS

The research scope covered ten countries in Southeast Asia (SEA). We analysed 115,553 tweets that mentioned these countries from 22 January 2020 to 31 July 2021 using a topic modelling algorithm (latent Dirichlet allocation — LDA), VADER and NRC sentiment analyses.

RESULTS

We identified the emergence and evolution of twelve topics that were further grouped into early, parallel and late discourse. Each country had distinct topics and trends depending on differing internal and external factors. Sentiment improved with positive tweets of hope and fell when negative narratives including military and politics predominated. Four emotions that are prevalent during the pandemic were trust, fear, anticipation and sadness.

CONCLUSIONS

This research detected the many divergent phases and faces of the pandemic on Twitter, the intertwined discourse of a double disaster and the role played by an infodemic on place brand association. Our results will assist public health and public relations officials to better understand how public discourse emerged and evolved with the COVID-19 pandemic.

CLINICALTRIAL
Economic spillover from Natural Protected Areas to conventional tourist destinations
Authors: Lara Pulido José Alberto , Guevara Sanginés Alejandro , Pérez Cirera Vanessa , Arias Martelo Camilo , Jiménez Quiroga Carmina Isabel
Published: September 2021

This paper examines the role of Natural Protected Areas (NPAs) as a source of economic spillovers for mass tourism destinations in Mexico. An econometric model was used to explain the number of booked rooms in tourism destinations as a function of proximity to NPAs, controlling for destination characteristics. A conservative estimate suggests that some rooms booked by foreign visitors can be explained by proximity to NPAs. Our results open public policy options, such as a compensating mechanism from conventional tourism to fund NPAs and show that they would be economically efficient and contribute to sustainability.
Comparison of Various Spectral Indices for Optimum Extraction of Tropical Wetlands Using Landsat 8 OLI
Authors: Ali Syamani D. , Hartono Hartono , Danoedoro Projo
Published: September 2021

This research specifically aims to investigate the most accurate spectral indices in extracting wetlands geospatial information taking South Kalimantan, Indonesia, as an example of wetlands in tropical areas. Ten spectral indices were selected for testing their ability to extract wetlands, those are NDVI, NDWI, MNDWI, MNDWIs2, NDMI, WRI, NDPI, TCWT, AWEInsh, andAWEIsh. Tests were performed on Landsat 8 OLI path/row 117/062 and 117/063. The threshold method which was used to separate the wetland features from the spectral indices imagery is Otsu method. The results of this research showed that generally MNDWIs2 was the most optimal spectral indices in wetlands extraction. Especially tropical wetlands that rich with green vegetation cover. However, MNDWIs2 is very sensitive to dense vegetation, this feature has the potential to be detected as wetlands. Furthermore, to improve the accuracy and prevent detection of the dryland vegetation as wetlands, the threshold value should be determined carefully.
Current Dynamics and Water Column Stability in Indonesian Waters Based on Hydrodynamics Model
Authors: Kisnarti Engki Andri , Ningsih Nining Sari , Putri Mutiara R , Hendriati Nani
Published: September 2021

Monsoon currents and Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) have an essential role in the current Indonesian water system. The movement of current/water masses with non-uniform bathymetric conditions will affect the water column's stability in Indonesian waters. Therefore, this study aims to obtain the current dynamics and stability of the water column in Indonesian waters, based on a hydrodynamic model termed the HAMburg Shelf Ocean Model (HAMSOM). The results of the model are data of current, temperature, salinity, and density. The data is used to study the dynamics of seawater in Indonesian waters. The water column's stability is examined by calculating the Brunt Väisälä frequency values (N2) based on the density data generated. The results show that monsoon currents were stronger in shallow waters because the stratification did not change. Meanwhile, the maximum N2 value occurs at the surface to a depth of 80-100 m with a range of 0.0000-0.0006 cycle s-1. The study also produces an understanding of the condition of Indonesia's stability (N2 positive), both spatially and temporally.
The Impact of the Interaction between Madden-Julian Oscillation and Cold Surge, on Rainfall over Western Indonesia
Authors: Wijayanti Agita Vivi , Hidayat Rahmat , Faqih Akhmad , Alfahmi Furqon
Published: September 2021

The Madden-Julian Oscillation and Cold Surge phenomena have been known to cause increased rainfall, with the capacity to trigger hydrometeorological disasters, in western Indonesia. However, further investigations are required regarding the interaction between these phenomena on rainfall pattern. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the interaction between MJO and CS over western Indonesia, particularly by using land-based rainfall observation data from multiple stations, as previous studies were dominated by the use of gridded data from remote observations. This study utilized in-situ observation data obtained from 4329 weather observations and rain stations between 1989 and 2018.  Subsequently, quality control performed based on data availability exceeding 70% over a 30-year period resulted in 303 selected stations to be used for further analysis. Meanwhile, the RMM index, as well as reanalysis data of mean sea level pressure and 925 hPa meridional wind, were also applied for MJO and CS identification. According to the composite analysis, the effect of CS on MJO phases tends to increase precipitation by about 50%, over western Indonesia, with maximum increase ranging from 200 to 400% over the northeastern coast of Sumatra, around Karimata Strait (Riau Islands and West Kalimantan), as well as the northern coast of Java. These areas are exposed to the sea and have direct access to the wind-terrain interaction. In addition, the highest rainfall anomaly due to the MJO-CS interaction occurs around Karimata Strait, followed by northern Sumatra and Java, with spatially averaged rainfall anomaly reaching 5 mm/day over the area.
Identifikasi Bidang Gelincir Zona Rawan Longsor Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Di Ruas Jalan Toraja – Mamasa
Authors: Kamur Sudarwin , Awal Samsi , Iskandar Ahmad
Published: September 2021

Abstrak. Metode geolistrik tahanan jenis merupakan salah satu dari metode geofisika yang dapat mendeteksi aliran listrik di bawah permukaan bumi. Salah satu aplikasi metode geolistrik tahanan jenis adalah dapat mengidentifikasi bidang gelincir pada daerah rawan longsor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bidang gelincir pada daerah rawan lonsor di ruas jalan Toraja – Mamasa. Hasil dari pengukuran geolistrik tahanan jenis dipadukan dengan hasil pengeboran di beberapa titik agar tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam proses interpretasi batuan yang diduga sebagai penyebab terjadinya tanah longsor. Informasi tentang perlapisan tanah tersebut digunakan untuk mengetahui batas-batas ketidakstabilan pada lapisan tanah yang dapat menjadi acuan dalam pengembangan wilayah, khususnya ruas jalan Toraja - Mamasa. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh nilai resistivitas yang berbeda-beda untuk setiap batuan. Variasi resistivitas yang diperoleh dimulai dari 0 – 978 Ωm. Nilai resistivitas batuan pada bidang gelincir di lokasi penelitian berada pada bidang batas 50-300 Ωm. Batuan  penyusunnya berupa batupasir lempung, lava andesit dan basalt. Abstract The resistivity geoelectric method is one of the geophysical methods that can detect the flow of electricity below the earth's surface. One application of the resistivity geoelectric method is to identify the slip field in landslide prone areas. The research aimed to discover slip area of landslide prone zone at the segment road of Toraja-Mamasa. The results of the geoelectric resistivity measurements are combined with the results of drilling at several points so that there are no errors in the process of rock interpretation which are thought to be the cause of landslides. Information about the soil layers is used to determine the boundaries of instability in the soil layer which can be used as a reference in regional development, especially the Toraja - Mamasa road segment. In this research, it was obtained different resistivity values for each rock. The resistivity variation obtained started from 0 - 978 Ωm. The rock resistivity value in the slip plane at the research location is in the 50-300 Ωm boundary fields. The rocks lithologies are clay sandstones, andesite lava and basalt.
Optimalisasi Model Artificial Neural Network Menggunakan Certainty Factor (C-ANN) Untuk Pemetaan Kerawanan Tanah Longsor Skala Semi-Detil di DAS Bendo, Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Bachri Syamsul , Sastro Bangun Utomo Kresno , Sumarmi Sumarmi , Naufal Fathoni Mohammad , Eka Aldianto Yulius
Published: September 2021

Kerawanan longsor di DAS Bendo termasuk dalam kerawanan kelas sedang hingga tinggi. Sampai dengan saat ini, pemetaan rawan longsor di DAS Bendo baru dilakukan pada  skala pemetaan 1:250.000. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemodelan pemetaan kerawanan longsor di DAS Bendo pada skala semi-detil. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah optimalisasi model artificial neural network menggunakan certainty factor (C-ANN). Peta kerawanan dibangun berdasarkan faktor pengontrol tanah longsor yang berkorelasi positif terhadap kejadian longsor menggunakan Certainty Factor. Sedangkan pemodelan prediksi kerawanan menggunakan model ANN, khususnya arsitektur BPNN (back-propagation neural network). Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa model C-ANN (7 variabel independen) memiliki nilai AUC (0,916) lebih tinggi daripada model ANN (0,778). Faktor redundansi data, multikolinieritas data, dan proporsi kejadian longsor terhadap cakupan wilayah penelitian mengakibatkan ketidakpastian dalam data variabel independen. Melalui penelitian ini ditemukan hasil bahwa kondisi kerawanan longsor di DAS Bendo masuk kategori tinggi, khususnya pada lereng atas Gunung Ijen, Rante, dan Merapi. Landslide disaster in DAS Bendo is categorized as moderate to highly susceptible. Until today, landslide hazard mapping in DAS Bendo has been carried out with a scale 1:250.000. This study aimed to model landslide susceptibility mapping on a semi-detailed scale. The method used in this research was the integration of the Certainty Factor with Artificial Neural Network models (C-ANN).The development of susceptibility mapping based on factors that positively correlate to landslide events using Certainty Factor. While the susceptibility prediction model using the ANN model, specifically the BPNN (back-propagation neural network) architecture. Modelling results show that the C-ANN model (7 independent variables) has an AUC value (0.916) higher than the ANN model (0.778). Data redundancy factors, multicollinearity of data, and the proportion of landslide events to the study area's coverage resulted in uncertainty in the independent variable data. This research found that the Landslide hazard in the Bendo Watershed is in the high category, especially on the upper slopes of Mount Ijen, Rante, and Merapi.
Subjetividad, movimientos sociales y hegemonía en la obra de Martín Retamozo
Authors: Riveros Castañeda Sergio Daniel
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo busca analizar la trayectoria de la producción intelectual de Martín Retamozo, quien ha forjado una apuesta teórico-conceptual y metodológica que tiene como propósito la reconstrucción explicativa y reflexiva del movimiento piquetero, su papel en la construcción de hegemonía y las disputas por el orden social en la sociedad argentina. Lo anterior será posible a partir de la hipótesis de que la experiencia de articulación entre las dos lógicas políticas existentes en Argentina —la de los movimientos sociales y la hegemónica, representada en el gobierno nacional-popular del kirchnerismo— supuso una lucha contra un adversario común, el neoliberalismo. Con ello, se busca contribuir a un diálogo entre las miradas analíticas que se construyen en torno a estas dos lógicas.
La búsqueda de personas desaparecidas en Chile: ¿necesidad de un complemento humanitario?
Authors: Sferrazza Taibi Pietro
Published: September 2021

La búsqueda de las víctimas de desapariciones forzadas es una problemática que ha generado una discusión profunda e interdisciplinaria. Al igual que otros países latinoamericanos, Chile está enfrentado a este problema, puesto que no se ha podido recuperar e identificar a la gran mayoría de las víctimas de las desapariciones cometidas en la dictadura de Augusto Pinochet desde 1973 hasta 1990. La presente investigación se cuestiona sobre el modelo de búsqueda ideal para enfrentar esta catástrofe. Asumiendo un enfoque sociojurídico, este artículo se adentra en las discusiones teóricas sobre los modelos de búsqueda, reflexiona sobre la manera en que la búsqueda se ha realizado en Chile desde la dictadura hasta el presente e intenta proponer algunos principios generales para la implementación de un modelo complementario que combine, coordine y conecte la persecución penal de los perpetradores por medio del proceso judicial y la búsqueda de las personas desaparecidas por la vía administrativa. A la luz de un contexto local, este artículo pretende aportar nuevas miradas al diálogo sobre la búsqueda que está desarrollándose en el marco de varias disciplinas de las ciencias sociales.
Tolerancia social a la mano dura: apoyo a la tortura y medidas de excepción en México
Authors: Silva Forné Carlos , Padrón Innamorato Mauricio , Pinta Sierra Patricia
Published: September 2021

La crisis de inseguridad que vive México desde hace ya más de una década ha dirigido la mirada hacia las instituciones de seguridad pública y justicia. Si bien se ha buscado profesionalizar y democratizar a cuerpos que cuentan con una muy baja confianza social, el logro de tal objetivo enfrenta, entre otros obstáculos, los diversos niveles de apoyo de la población hacia prácticas autoritarias para combatir el crimen. En este contexto particular, es de gran interés conocer las opiniones y actitudes de los mexicanos hacia la tortura y otras medidas violatorias de los derechos humanos. Utilizando la Encuesta Nacional de Cultura Constitucional de 2011, así como una encuesta original de Percepción sobre la Práctica de la Tortura de 2015, el presente estudio analiza las condiciones de su apoyo y muestra cómo los encuestados avalan en buena medida que torturen a “delincuentes” las mismas instituciones de seguridad de las que se desconfía y teme.
El Estallido Social chileno de 2019: un estudio a partir de las representaciones e imaginarios sociales en la prensa
Authors: Riffo-Pavón Ignacio , Basulto Óscar , Segovia Pablo
Published: September 2021

El objetivo general de este artículo consiste en describir e interpretar la manera en que operan las categorías de representaciones e imaginarios sociales en la prensa tradicional y alternativa chilena en torno al contexto del denominado “estallido social” de octubre de 2019. Esta investigación, de carácter cualitativo, recurre al análisis de discurso para acceder a dichas nociones vehiculizadas a través del lenguaje, en textos noticiosos de la prensa tradicional (El Mercurio) y alternativa (El Ciudadano) en Chile. Este trabajo revela una disputa en la construcción noticiosa del conflicto, en la cual se visibilizan representaciones e imaginarios que se ajustan a los intereses y principios editoriales de dichos medios. Asimismo, se constata la relevancia de la articulación de las categorías antes mencionadas para adentrarse en explicaciones más profundas y holísticas de la construcción noticiosa y de los elementos socioculturales movilizados. Este artículo  invita a prolongar el estudio de las luchas semánticas y narrativas que buscan conservar las representaciones e imaginarios dominantes frente a aquellos que persiguen instituir nuevas significaciones que orienten el devenir de la sociedad chilena.
A Literature Curated Profile of miRNA IN Modulating Multi-Drug Resistance for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Samanta Ankita
Published: September 2021

Abstract: At present, cancer is one of the major causes of death, affecting millions of people each year. Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) remains the major clinical obstacle in cancer treatment. Till date various mechanisms of MDR has been elucidated which includes- over expression of drug transporter, defect in cell cycle and apoptotic machinery, induction of autophagy, alteration in drug metabolism and drug target. microRNAs (miRNAs) are an extensive class of 22 nucleotide long non coding RNAs which are involved in gene regulation. Recent work has underlined the involvement of miRNA in cancer development with several studies regarding their involvement in drug resistance, thereby holding much promise for developing novel and more effective therapy for cancer treatment. This review presents the mechanisms of MDR and focuses on the profile of miRNA in regulating MDR in cancer treatment. Keywords: miRNA, Cancer, Multi-drug resistance, Drug target, Drug transporter, Apoptotic machinery.
Niveles de actividad física y gasto frente a pantallas en escolares: diferencias de edad y género
Authors: Portela-García Cristina Andrea , Vidarte-Claros Armando
Published: September 2021

Introducción: Cada vez se masifican las tecnologías electrónicas de pantalla entre la población infantil, práctica que ha llevado a un estilo de vida sedentario incrementa los riesgos para la salud de los individuos. Objetivo: Asociar la actividad física y el uso de pantallas, con el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el género en escolares urbanos de la ciudad de Popayán entre 10 a 12 años. Materiales y métodos: Muestreo aleatorio simple, 440 escolares en edades entre los 10 y 12 años (220 niños/220 niñas). Se realizó la encuesta Physical activity Questionnaire for Older Children-PAQ-C. Estudio prospectivo transversal comparativo, de análisis univariado y bivariado. Resultados: Existe la asociación entre niveles de actividad física moderados y las horas de uso de pantallas (X2=598,6; p=0,00); así como también entre el nivel de actividad física y el sexo de los escolares (X2=13,551; p=0,004). Conclusiones: Los niveles de actividad física y el uso de pantallas demuestran que los escolares que usan con mayor frecuencia la televisión, el computador y los videojuegos, despliegan la actividad física en niveles de moderada a baja.
Cohesión familiar y factores relacionados en adolescentes escolarizados
Authors: Gómez-Velásquez Santiago , Matagira-Rondón Giselly , Agudelo-Cifuentes Maite Catalina , Berbesi-Fernández Dedsy Yajaira , Morales-Mesa Santiago Alberto
Published: September 2021

Introducción: El nivel de cohesión de un núcleo familiar permite caracterizar los vínculos y relaciones que existen entre sus miembros y constituye un insumo fundamental para el desarrollo de políticas y programas de intervención en la familia. Objetivo: Identificar factores asociados a la cohesión familiar en adolescentes del Municipio de Envigado. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal, de fuente de información primaria, con una muestra de 1008 estudiantes de dos colegios de Envigado. Se utilizó la escala de cohesión familiar, de Depresión de Zung, de Habilidades Sociales de Gismero, y preguntas sociodemográficas y de consumo de sustancias. Resultados: El 61,5% de los adolescentes se encontraban sin riesgo de alcoholismo, el 73,8% sin dependencia a drogas, un 16,5% tenían riesgo de depresión y un 81,7% presentaban buenas habilidades sociales. La prevalencia de cohesión familiar fue 96,6%. La satisfacción con la familia y la ausencia de depresión, se asociaron a buena cohesión familiar. Conclusiones: La presencia de depresión en el adolescente y un alto nivel de insatisfacción con el núcleo familiar son factores asociados a la falta de cohesión familiar; factores como la violencia intrafamiliar, las habilidades sociales y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas no presentaron asociación con la variable de interés.
Violencia intragénero entre parejas homosexuales en universitarios de Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Redondo-Pacheco Jesús , Rey-García Pilar Alejandra , Ibarra-Mojica Angela Nathalia , Luzardo-Briceño Marianela
Published: September 2021

Introducción: Las investigaciones sobre violencia en la pareja se han centrado principalmente en el estudio de las parejas heterosexuales y son escasos los datos sobre la violencia de parejas del mismo sexo en el noviazgo. Objetivo: Analizar la violencia intragénero entre parejas homosexuales en universitarios de Bucaramanga. Materiales y métodos: Investigación cuantitativa con muestreo tipo bola de nieve mediante el cual se obtuvo una población de 132 participantes mayores de 18 años. Se aplicó el instrumento pre-validado Lista de Chequeo de Experiencias de Maltrato en la Pareja. Los datos se analizaron con el software SPSS, versión 23, mediante la prueba X2 y ANOVA Unidireccional, considerando un α=0,05. Resultados: El 91,7% de los participantes fue violentado por lo menos con una de las conductas de estudio, la violencia predominante en las parejas fue la psicológica, seguida de la violencia emocional, la violencia física, la violencia sexual y, por último, la violencia económica. Se encontraron diferencias significativas para algunos ítems del instrumento entre hombres y mujeres. Conclusiones: La violencia psicológica tuvo mayor presencia en los participantes.