bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L'énonciation invisible. Un pas vers l'imaginaire
Authors: Beyaert-Geslin Anne
Published: May 2020

Focused on manifestation, semiotics has nevertheless constantly considered its surroundings, the imaginary that makes the image and gives it meaning. The article tries to problematize this relationship. It separates the picture from its imaginary share, the image, and seeks to support its general propositions on plastic analyzes, a painting by Francis Bacon, an installation by Abdelkader Benchamma and another installation by Adrien M and Claire B. It focuses on reductions and the tipping points of the picture, where the “opening” occurs, striving for a structuring of its proposals. It thus instructs both sides of the enunciation, an enunciation centered on the visible and an invisible enunciation still premeditated by the enunciation.
Rethinking the phonological process of /s/ voicing assimilation in Spanish: An acoustic comparison of three regional varieties
Authors: Sedó Beatriz , Schmidt Lauren B. , Willis Erik W.
Published: May 2020

Spanish is described as having an /s/ regressive voicing assimilation process by which the sibilant is voiced when followed by a voiced consonant. However, experimental studies documenting the nature of the process – including variation in its realization across speech varieties – are limited. The current study presents an acoustic analysis of the phonetic nature of the process, including an analysis of the linguistic and social factors which influence voicing of the /s/. Using an identical controlled phrase elicitation task, rates and location of voicing within the /s/ segment were compared across three varieties of Spanish: Mexican Spanish (Mexico City) and two Peninsular varieties (León and Vitoria). Different voicing rates and different linguistic voicing predictors were found across dialects. The data suggest that /s/ voicing before a voiced consonant is far from a categorical process in Spanish, with variable rates of application between 43% and 63%. We propose that, based on the data, /s/ voicing in Spanish is, in fact, better understood as a progressive voicing process (i. e. continuation of voicing from the previous vowel), and that the linguistic factors that condition voicing can be explained in part through articulatory and aerodynamic mechanisms. We also discuss the phonetics and phonology of the process.
“No one wants you” – a qualitative study on the experiences of receiving rejection from tertiary care pain centres
Authors: Nøst Torunn Hatlen , Stedenfeldt Mona , Steinsbekk Aslak
Published: May 2020

Background and aims

Four out of 10 referrals to tertiary care pain centres in Norway are not granted pain centre treatment, confirming earlier research on that this group of patients struggle to access the highest standard of care. Still, no study investigating how people with chronic pain experience rejections from pain centres was found. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate how people with chronic pain experience receiving a rejection from tertiary care pain centres after being referred by their general practitioners (GPs).

Methods

This was a qualitative study with semi-structured individual interviews with 12 persons, seven men and five women, rejected from the four different pain centres in Norway. The data were analysed thematically using systematic text condensation.

Results

The pain centre rejection created strong reactions, partly because the rejection was perceived as a refusal from the health care system as a whole. This was especially so because the pain centre was regarded as the last remaining treatment option, and given the rejection, they were now declined help by the experts in the field. Even though some informants had received an explanation for why they had not been granted pain centre treatment, a prominent experience was that the informants found it difficult to understand why their referral had been rejected given the severity of their pain. The incomprehensibility of the rejection together with a feeling of lack of future treatment options, increased the hopelessness and frustration of their situation and made it challenging to move on and search for help elsewhere.

Conclusions

The experiences with the pain centre rejections indicate that the rejection can have grave consequences for each individual in the following months. An improved system for how to handle expectations towards referrals, including prepare for the possibility of rejection and how to follow up a rejection, seems warranted.

Implications

Because a pain centre rejection most likely is received by persons in a vulnerable position, there should be available health care services to help them understand the rejections. And furthermore, help them to move from disappointment and hopelessness, towards an experience of empowerment and reorientation, by for instance planning further actions and interventions, and thereby, acknowledge their need for help.
A Strategy for the Use of the Cross Recurrence Quantification Analysis
Authors: Aparicio Teresa , Pozo Eduardo F. , Saura Dulce
Published: May 2020

In this work, our goal is to analyze the use of the Cross Recurrence Plot (CRP) and its quantification (CRQA) as tools to detect the possible existence of a relationship between two systems. To do that, we define three tests that are a bivariate extension of those proposed by Aparicio et al. (Aparicio, T., E. Pozo, and D. Saura. 2008. “Detecting Determinism Using Recurrence Quantification Analysis: Three Test Procedures.” Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 65: 768–787, Aparicio, T., E. F. Pozo, and D. Saura. 2011. “Detecting Determinism Using Recurrence Quantification Analysis: A Solution to the Problem of Embedding.” Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics 15: 1–10) within the context of the Recurrence Quantification Analysis. These tests, based on the diagonal lines of the CRP, are applied to a large number of simulated pairs of series. The results obtained are not always satisfactory, with problems being detected specifically when the series have a high degree of laminarity. We study the identified problems and we implement a strategy that we consider adequate for the use of these tools. Finally, as an example, we apply this strategy to several economic series.
The Berlin Process. Bringing the Western Balkan Region Closer to the European Union
Authors: Griessler Christina
Published: May 2020

For the countries of the Western Balkans, the path to membership in the European Union (EU) has been particularly tortuous. Its slow progress has created frustration among applicant countries. In 2014 Germany, stepping into the political void that had formed, inaugurated what has come to be known as the Berlin Process, an initiative aimed at injecting new energy into the dormant EU enlargement process. The author examines the political activities initiated between 2014 and 2019, analysing the official documentation of the Berlin Process along with publications such as policy papers and media commentaries. She concludes that although meaningful and proactive measures have been taken, such efforts have not been successful in persuading or enabling the Western Balkan states to implement the political and economic reforms required for EU accession.
Retracing Labor in Yugoslav Socialism . Reflections on Research and Archival Approaches
Authors: Vukliš Vladan
Published: May 2020

This study merges two perspectives, the historiographical and the archival, in order to capture and analyze key elements relating to issues encountered in records-based research into the labor history of Yugoslav socialism. In combining ongoing historiographical (social and labor history) and theoretical (archival science) research with auto-ethnographic, practice-based reflections, the author outlines several observations, facts, and propositions, which may be of help to both researchers and archivists. The essay accepts the recent resurgence of Yugoslav labor history as a premise upon which it discusses key problems relating to fieldwork, local and historical case study research, obstacles relating to communication and information, as well as pressing issues in the field of the archival profession, upon which it elaborates possible strategies and practical solutions to remedy the current conditions.
Assessment of two different methods of calculating a heating demand
Authors: Turcsányi Peter , Sedláková Anna
Published: May 2020

Phenomenon of today′s era is lowering overall energy performance and greenhouse gas emissions. European Union and its members came from an “uncontrollable” fossil fuel usage to an era of dependence reduction from fossil fuel usage. EU industry is now in era of utilizing renewable energy sources. Construction industry is responsible for 40% of total energy performance of EU; hence the great emphasis on energy effective design on new buildings as well as importance on energy effective renovation of already constructed buildings. Effort on lowering total energy performance in construction industry has signed on research on new project solutions, new insulation materials and new building services technologies which are maximizing energy gain from renewable energy sources. Simulation software and different engines are more than helpful tool when predicting building thermal behaviour. That is why simulation software is used more often in the process of designing energy efficient buildings or in the process of energy performance optimization of existing buildings. simulation and analytics itself, is dealing with simulation of chosen buildings (family houses) on heating demand based on the newest knowledge of constructions and materials. Results of heating demands of different family houses were confronted against heating demands calculated according national standards – using non-variable conditions. Next, the differences between two calculation approaches were characterized in percentages.
Real time executable model for dynamic heat flow analysis of a solar hydrogen reactor
Authors: Menz Steffen , Lampe Jörg , Tröltzsch Uwe , Weiler Philipp , Pahl Arne , Fend Thomas , Seeger Thomas
Published: May 2020

A real time executable model developed for dynamic heat analysis of a solar hydrogen reactor is described and characterized. To calculate the local distribution of radiation caused by multiple reflection inside the solar receiver the radiosity method is used. Significant optical characteristics including reflectance, transmittance and absorption are investigated related to the used materials and operating conditions. Furthermore, the influence on the model behavior is presented by variation of optical parameters. Simulation results are presented, which show good agreement with experimental data.
Finite volume analysis of the temperature distribution during transurethral resection of the prostate
Authors: Morgenstern Tino , Richter Daniel , Himmel Jörg , Kanoun Olfa , Klöckner Stephan , Wang Dinan
Published: May 2020

In prostate surgery the transurethral resection (TURP) represents the gold standard which is based on monopolar (M-TURP) and bipolar techniques (TURis). The investigation of the thermal behavior is one of the most important research topics in this type of surgery procedures. Here monopolar systems have been well investigated. The research on electrical and thermal behavior of bipolar systems was initiated about two decades ago. Previous studies focused on thermal behavior according to Joule heating, but did not gain information about the temperature distribution close to the active electrode of the resectoscope. Therefore, the numerical simulations on the temperature distribution near the active electrode of the resectoscope with a finite volume method are presented in this study, which takes blood perfusion into account. The results have shown that the influence of the blood perfusion process can be ignored for regions which are more than 0.4 mm away from the active electrode. This is based on two different blood perfusion models.
The passive voice in scientific writing through the ages: A diachronic study
Authors: Leong Alvin Ping
Published: May 2020

Diachronic studies on scientific writing have indicated an increase in the use of passives from the seventeenth to the twentieth century. With the current shift in focus towards making scientific writing more accessible, there is less certainty on the extent of passive use in the modern era. Although the use of the active voice is presently encouraged, the findings from available studies are mixed. There are also few diachronic studies involving recent articles. This present study investigated the trend in passive use from the nineteenth century to the present day using 80 articles from a multidisciplinary science journal covering four time periods (1880, 1930, 1980, and 2017). The study found that the extent of passive use was stable from 1880 to 1980 (occurring in about 29–36% of all clauses) but declined in 2017 (averaging below 25%). The study also found a decline in the use of finite passives to describe methodological actions and a corresponding increase in the use of first-person pronouns in the 2017 articles. Further work involving a larger corpus and an understanding of writer decisions in the composing process is needed.
English at the periphery: Evidence from Indonesian popular novels
Authors: Martin-Anatias Nelly
Published: May 2020

This study investigates the symbolic power of English in contemporary Indonesia as represented by Indonesian popular texts published following the New Order era (1966–1998) (popularly known as theReformasiera). English, a language that entered the Indonesian linguistic landscape quite late, is still treated as a foreign language by many Indonesians but has been increasingly visible in popular texts since theReformasi. This era has witnessed a political and societal turmoil that has resulted in expanded freedom of speech including more linguistic freedom overall. Using interpretive textual analysis, this study investigates how the popular narratives9 Summers, 10 Autumnsand theMs. B series,published in theReformasiera, maneuver English in their texts. The findings suggest that popular texts function as effective sociolinguistic sites to reveal the power of English and its societal entrenchment in contemporary Indonesia. They also show that English has been granted a special spotlight and status by many writers and characters in their novels, highlighting its significance in contemporary Indonesian popular texts.
Plasma cholesterol in Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Wang Pan , Zhang Huihong , Wang Yan , Zhang Miao , Zhou Yuying
Published: May 2020

Background

The relationship between the apolipoprotein E (APOE)-ε4 allele, triglyceride (TG) level, and cholesterol level and an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been well established, but their relationship with behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is not well-known.

Methodology

The levels of TGs, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein were measured in bvFTD and AD patients and in normal controls (NCs). DNA was extracted, and APOE was genotyped.

Results

The APOE-ε4 allele frequency was higher in the AD group than in the NC group, but no difference was found between the AD and the bvFTD groups. The bvFTD group had higher LDL than the AD group, and significant differences were also found for the cholesterol level in the dementia groups compared with the NC group. Elevated LDL level was positively correlated with appetite and eating score in the bvFTD group. Compared with the AD patients and NCs without the APOE-ε4 allele, those with the APOE-ε4 allele had higher TC, but its correlation with the bvFTD group was absent.

Conclusions

The bvFTD and the AD groups had higher cholesterol levels. The APOE-ε4 allele and eating behavior might modify lipid metabolism in dementia. TG and cholesterol analyses may offer a new opportunity for targeted treatments.
Universalism vs. “All Under Heaven” (Tianxia / 天下) – Kant in China
Authors: Feger Hans
Published: May 2020

The discourse on freedom that Kant unfolds in his writings on the history of philosophy, especially in his essay Idea for a Universal History with Cosmopolitan Intent (1784), is a constitutive component of the moral perspective whose key concept is the notion of freedom. This is why critical philosophy, as Kant says, has its own “chiliastic expectation”, and the critical philosopher is a prophet who himself “occasions und produces the events he predicts”. Questions concerning the proper use of freedom – how does freedom position itself in the individual ethics of each person when he/she wants to act morally, how does it position the community in legal ethics when it merges in a liberal state through the peacemaking function of the law, or how does the community of states position itself in international law when, with cosmopolitan intent, freedom devotes itself to a utopian peace mission – these are always questions concerning the concept of freedom which has emerged from a critical process of arbitration.
Hinduistische Tempel im südasiatischen Stil in deutschen Städten
Authors: Luchesi Brigitte
Published: May 2020

In Deutschland heimisch gewordene Hindus aus Südasien, die für ihre Götterverehrung bisher Räumlichkeiten in vorhandenen Gebäuden benutzten, haben begonnen, eigene Tempel zu errichten. Bisher wurden drei derartige Verehrungsstätten fertiggestellt, zwei weitere befinden sich im Bau. Die äußere Gestaltung orientiert sich in allen Fällen an traditionellen hinduistischen Sakralbauten, wie sie vor allem auf Sri Lanka und in Südindien begegnen. Dieser Stil zeichnet sich vor allem durch Aufbauten auf den Tempeldächern und über dem Eingang aus, an denen vielfältige Skulpturen göttlicher Wesen angebracht sind. Gründe für die Entscheidung für solche aufwendigen und kostspieligen Projekte sind im Wunsch nach Gebäuden zu suchen, Bezüge zur ehemaligen Heimat herzustellen und eigene kunstvolle Baukunst zu demonstrieren. Sie speisen sich aber auch aus dem Bedürfnis, die Gottheiten in Gebäuden verehren zu können, die überkommenen hinduistischen Vorstellungen von sakralen und sakralisierbaren Götterbehausungen entsprechen.
Cultural Tourism Routes as Incubators for Innovation and Economic Diversification: A Potential Analysis in the Framework of the New Silk Road Initiative in Azerbaijan
Authors: Schuhbert Arne , Thees Hannes , Herbold Valentin , Weinreiter Johanna , Kantsperger Markus
Published: May 2020

Cultural routes are today a widespread phenomenon throughout the Industrialized Countries (IC) and have become more and more prominent as a tool for tourism development in recent years (Flognfeldt, 2005:37; Meyer, 2004:5). For countries in the Southern Caucasus, who profit from their bridging position between Europe and Asia, the planned revival of the Ancient Silk Road (ASR) in form of the New Silk Road (NSR) offers substantial potentials for economic diversification by means of tourism as a catalyzing industry. On the case of Azerbaijan, this study analyzes the potential to trigger regional economic diversification within the existing national destination-system in a framework of route development. To this end, the methodological approach builds upon a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods to diagnose the current degree of cluster maturity in the system, following the question of how Azerbaijan as a system of regional destination can access the transnational route system of the NSR.
Elucidating the physical properties of the molybdenum oxide Mo4O11 and its tantalum substituted variant Mo2Ta2O11
Authors: Zoller Michael , Bubnova Rimma , Biryukov Yaroslav , Haussühl Eiken , Pöttgen Rainer , Janka Oliver , Penner Simon , Praty Corsin , Fitzek Harald , Winkler Jörg , Filatov Stanislav , Huppertz Hubert
Published: May 2020

Although γ/η-Mo4O11 and Mo2Ta2O11 are used in a variety of industrial applications and can easily be synthesized in a chemical vapour transport (CVT) process or reactions in silica ampoules, respectively, only few data are available concerning their physical properties. In this paper, we further explore the properties of the three compounds with respect to their thermal and magnetic behavior, surface composition, and Raman spectroscopic properties.
Solution of the Riemann problem for an ideal polytropic dusty gas in magnetogasdynamics
Authors: Chauhan Astha , Arora Rajan
Published: May 2020

The main aim of this paper is, to obtain the analytical solution of the Riemann problem for a quasi-linear system of equations, which describe the one-dimensional unsteady flow of an ideal polytropic dusty gas in magnetogasdynamics without any restriction on the initial data. By using the Rankine-Hugoniot (R-H) and Lax conditions, the explicit expressions of elementary wave solutions (i. e., shock waves, simple waves and contact discontinuities) are derived. In the flow field, the velocity and density distributions for the compressive and rarefaction waves are discussed and shown graphically. It is also shown how the presence of small solid particles and magnetic field affect the velocity and density across the elementary waves. It is an interesting fact about this study that the results obtained for the Riemann problem are in closed form.
On biological signaling
Authors: Nimtz Günter , Aichmann Horst
Published: May 2020

Presently, nerve pulse propagation is understood to take place by electric action pulses. The theoretical description is given by the Hodgkin-Huxley model. Recently, an alternative model was proclaimed, where signaling is carried out by acoustic solitons. The solitons are built by a local phase transition in the lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) of a biologic membrane. We argue that the crystal structure arranging hydrogen bonds at the membrane surface do not allow such an acoustic soliton model. The bound water is a component of the LLC and the assumed phase transition represents a negative entropy step.
Chemical composition and biological activities of Dipterocarpus cornutus Dyer essential oil
Authors: Salleh Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan , Khamis Shamsul , Rahman Muhammad Nurakmal Abdul , Nafiah Mohd Azlan
Published: May 2020

The design of this study was developed to examine the chemical composition, anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory inhibitory activities of the essential oil of Dipterocarpus cornutus Dyer from Malaysia. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the essential oil revealed 20 components, representing 94.6% of the oil. The major components identified were α-gurjunene (50.6%), α-selinene (8.3%), spathulenol (5.7%), and bicyclogermacrene (5.4%). Anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activity were also evaluated using the Ellman method and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme, respectively, in which the essential oil revealed weak inhibitory activity against the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (I%: 30.2%) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (I%: 32.5%), while moderate inhibitory activity was reported in the LOX (I%: 70.2%). The approach adopted in this study and results are reported for the first time which could be useful for the characterization, pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications of the essential oil from Dipterocarpus genus.
Bioinsecticides based on plant essential oils: a short overview
Authors: Isman Murray B.
Published: May 2020

Interest in the discovery and development of plant essential oils for use as bioinsecticides has grown enormously in the past 20 years. However, successful commercialization and utilization of crop protection products based on essential oils has thus far lagged far behind their promise based on this large body of research, most notably because with the exceptions of the USA and Australia, such products receive no special status from regulatory agencies that approve new pesticides for use. Essential oil-based insecticides have now been used in the USA for well over a decade, and more recently have seen use in the European Union (EU), Korea, and about a dozen other countries, with demonstrated efficacy against a wide range of pests and in numerous crop systems. For the most part these products are based on commodity essential oils developed as flavor and fragrance agents for the food and cosmetic industries, as there are formidable logistic, economic, and regulatory challenges to the use of many other essential oils that otherwise possess potentially useful bioactivity against pests. In spite of these limitations, the overall prospects for biopesticides, including those based on essential oils, are encouraging as the demand for sustainably-produced and/or organic food continues to increase worldwide.
Structure and Electronic State in a Fluid Alkali Metal: Synchrotron Radiation Studies
Authors: Matsuda Kazuhiro , Tamura Kozaburo
Published: May 2020

Structure and electronic state in a fluid alkali metal have been investigated by using synchrotron radiation. X-ray diffraction and small angle X-ray scattering measurements of fluid rubidium (Rb) were carried out for observing local and intermediate atomic arrangements, and X-ray Compton scattering measurements were carried out for observing electronic state in the fluids. Variation in physical quantities obtained by these measurements has revealed a particular density range of the fluid, where the stability problem of the electron gas becomes an issue.
Velocity-Based Training: From Theory to Application
Authors: Weakley Jonathon , Mann Bryan , Banyard Harry , McLaren Shaun , Scott Tannath , Garcia-Ramos Amador
Published: May 2020

Velocity-based training (VBT) is a contemporary method of resistance training that enables accurate and objective prescription of resistance training intensities and volumes. This review provides an applied framework for the theory and application of VBT. Specifically, this review gives detail on how to: use velocity to provide objective feedback, estimate strength, develop load-velocity profiles for accurate load prescription, and how to use statistics to monitor velocity. Furthermore, a discussion on the use of velocity loss thresholds, different methods of VBT prescription, and how VBT can be implemented within traditional programming models and microcycles is provided.
Association of a point mutation (m.9176T>G) of the MT-ATP6 gene with Leigh syndrome: A case report
Authors: Khailany Rozhgar A. , Gilani Naser , Ozaslan Mehmet , Safdar Muhamad , Al-Shamari Ihsan , Kanabe Belan O. , Saadat Khandakar A. S. M. , Homayounvash Javad , Monfaredan Amir , Al-Attar Mustafa S. , Arslan Ahmet
Published: May 2020

Leigh Syndrome (LS) is an uncommon progressive neurodegenerative mitochondrial disorder. The condition is characterized by progressive mental and developmental disabilities (psychomotor regression) and commonly brings about death within a few years of diagnosis, more often due to respiratory failure. In a small number of patients the disorder does not manifest until adulthood. The principal indications of Leigh syndrome found in early stages typically are diarrhea, vomiting, and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), which disturbs eating. These problems usually result in powerlessness to develop and put on weight under the normal rate (failure to thrive). Serious movement and muscle problems are basic in Leigh syndrome. In this case report, we introduce the molecular and clinical features of a 19-year-old female as proband, and also, we study other members of the family consequently. The m.9176T>G heteroplasmic mutation in the MT-ATP6 gene was detected by high-resolution melt (HRM) and DNA sequencing techniques. Similarly, the m.9176T>G was heteroplasmic in the mother. In conclusion, this report in compliance with previous studies underlines the necessity of further research on prenatal distinguishing proof of the responsible mutations and avoidance of the disease in families with known cases.
The predictive value of vascular endothelial growth factor-A gene polymorphism for clinical outcomes among acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients: A single center prospective study
Authors: Kutia Inna M. , Kopytsya Mykola P. , Hilova Yaroslava V. , Petyunina Olga V. , Berezin Alexander E.
Published: May 2020

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiopoetic factor; its variability in circulating levels is mediated by expression of specific VEGF-A gene variants. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of VEGF-A gene polymorphism in clinical outcomes of STelevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.

Methods: For the study, 135 patients with acute STEMI and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled. The G634C polymorphism in VEGF-A gene was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction at baseline. The 6-month combined clinical endpoint was then determined. Design: The study was an open prospective single-center cohort study.

Results: The entire patient population was distributed into two groups based on the G634G-genotype (n = 70) and combination of G634C and C634C-genotypes (n = 65). Unadjusted multivariate regressive logistic analysis showed peak troponin I levels at admission, Killip class of heart failure > 2, GC/CC polymorphisms in VEGF-A gene, and dynamic increase of NT-pro brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and VEGF-A levels for 6 months, which were independent predictors for the combined clinical endpoint. After adjustment for dynamic changes of NT-proBNP and VEGF-A levels, we found that GC/CC polymorphisms in the VEGF-A gene was an independent predictor of clinical outcome. Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that STEMI patients with GG VEGF-A genotype had a lower frequency of clinical combined endpoint accumulation when compared to those who had GC/CC VEGF-A genotypes (Log-rank p = 0.02).

Conclusion: The G634C polymorphism in the VEGF-A gene was found to be an independent predictor for 6-month clinical combined endpoint in STEMI patients.
Transformaciones en la legislación familiar y en la moralidad de los grupos familiares de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Agoff María Carolina , Cid Claudia Esthela Espinoza
Published: May 2020

En México las familias han sufrido considerables transformaciones de carácter estructural y sociocultural y es posible observar que ya no se rigen por un canon normativo único. Este artículo se propone analizar si, a la luz de los cambios tanto en las prácticas como en la legislación de familia y de género, han habido modificaciones también en los valores y las normas de convivencia familiar y en el modo en que éstos se legitiman moralmente en la Ciudad de México. En un sentido más amplio, se busca analizar la moralidad de los intercambios de grupos familiares residentes en la señalada ciudad. Los hallazgos que se presentan acá provienen de una investigación cualitativa en la que se llevaron a cabo 10 grupos de discusión con mujeres de la capital de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos sobre convivencia, distribución de tareas y cuidado en sus familias. Los resultados sugieren que los nuevos estándares de justicia social y un contexto de ampliación de derechos para mujeres, adultos mayores y niños favorecen el surgimiento de una nueva moralidad en las familias, muy diferente al modelo heteronormativo de familia.***Transformações na legislação familiar e na moralidade dos grupos familiares da Cidade do México***No México as famílias têm sofrido consideráveis transformações de caráter estrutural e sociocultural. É possível observar que já não são mais regidas por um cânone normativo único. Este artigo propõe-se a analisar se, à luz das mudanças tanto nas práticas como na legislação de família e gênero, tIn: havido modificações também nos valores e nas normas de convivência familiar e no modo como estas se legitimam na Cidade do México. Num sentido mais amplo, busca-se analisar a moralidade das mudanças nos grupos familiares residentes na referida cidade. Os achados que apresentamos resultam de uma pesquisa qualitativa para a qual realizou-se dez grupos de discussão com mulheres da capital dos Estados Unidos Mexicanos sobre convivência, distribuição de tarefas e cuidado In: suas famílias. Os resultados sugerIn: que os novos padrões de justiça social e um contexto de ampliação dos direitos de mulheres, adultos e crianças favorecIn: o surgimento de uma nova moralidade nas famílias, muito diferente do modelo heteronormativo de família.Palavras-chave: Direito. Grupos familiares. Moralidade.
Changing how we build hydropower infrastructure for the common good: lessons from the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Moran Emilio Federico
Published: May 2020

Infrastructure projects like roads and hydroelectric dams are meant to help achieve national economic development goals in Brazil and the Amazon. In the case of hydropower dams, they have a very specific goal: that of producing energy from water sources. Unfortunately, that objective is frequently associated with environmental and social damages that result from the construction of dams. In the Amazon these damages are more serious in terms of the impacts on biological and cultural diversity. The research for this paper is based on 5 years of study by an interdisciplinary team using survey and ethnographic methods, both qualitative and quantitative. This history is repeated frequently, and it becomes necessary to ask what types of changes would be necessary to hydropower projects to begin to have social and environmental positive results. This paper explores the causes of the problems posed by dams and suggests solutions in the process of approval, construction and operation of hydropower dams that could lead to better outcomes for the common good of society.***Mudando a maneira como construímos a infraestrutura hidrelétrica para o bem comum: lições da Amazônia brasileira***Projetos de infraestrutura como estradas e hidrelétricas são usados para o desenvolvimento econômico e nacional no Brasil e na Amazônia. As hidrelétricas, em particular, têm um foco na produção de energia de fontes hídricas. Infelizmente, frequentemente, esse objetivo está associado a danos ambientais e sociais que resultam da construção das barragens hidrelétricas. Na Amazônia tais danos são ainda mais sérios em termos dos impactos sobre a diversidade biológica e cultural. Esta pesquisa de cinco anos envolveu uma equipe interdisciplinar usando métodos de survey, etnográficos, qualitativos e quantitativos. Esta história se repete com frequência e torna-se necessário questionar quais alterações seriam necessárias para que projetos hidrelétricos possam gerar resultados mais positivos em termos ambientais e sociais. Este trabalho explora as causas dos problemas causados pelas hidrelétricas e sugere soluções de melhorias dos processos de aprovação, construção, e operação desses empreendimentos a fim de alcançar o bem comum da sociedade.Palavras-chave: Hidrelétricas. Barragens. Avaliação de impactos sociais. Avaliação de impactos ambientais. Desmatamento. Reassentamento.
All-dielectric Metamaterial for Electromagnetically-induced Transparency in Optical Region
Authors: Linh Pham The , Ninh Nguyen Thi Viet , Quang Nguyen Dinh , Lam Tran Tien , Ngoc Nguyen Van , Khuyen Bui Xuan , Hien Nguyen Thi , Lam Vu Dinh , Tung Bui Son
Published: May 2020

Metamaterial (MM) is emerging as a promising approach to manipulate electromagnetic waves, spanning from radio frequency to the optical region. In this paper, we employ an effect called electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) in all-dielectric MM structures to create a narrow transparent window in opaque broadband of the optical region (580-670 nm). Using dielectric materials instead of metals can mitigate the large non-radiative ohmic loss on the metal surface. The unit-cell of MM consists of Silicon (Si) bars on Silicon dioxide (SiO\(_{2}\)) substrate, in which two bars are directed horizontally and one bar is directed vertically. By changing the relative position and dimension of the Si bars, the EIT effect could be achieved. The optical properties of the proposed MM are investigated numerically using the finite difference method with commercial software Computer Simulation Technology (CST). Then, characteristic parameters of MM exhibiting EIT effect (EIT-MM), including Q-factor, group delay, are calculated to evaluate the applicability of EIT-MM to sensing and light confinement.
Comparison of Muscle Cross-sectional Area and Lumbar Muscle Strength According to Degenerative Spinal Diseases
Authors: Cho Ji-Hoon , Lee Ki-Hyuk , Lim Seung-Taek , Chun Buong-O
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in the cross - sectional area (CSA) of multifidus and Iliopsoas muscles and the lumbar extension muscle strength according to degenerative spinal diseases (LHI; lumbar herniation of intervertebral disc group, SS; spinal stenosis group, S; spondylolisthesis group).METHODS The CSA of multifidus and Iliopsoas muscles size were measured by PACS(Picture Achiving and Communication System) using MRI at the L4/5 level and lumbar extension muscle strength (72˚, 60˚, 48˚, 36˚, 24˚, 12˚, 0˚) was measured using lumbar extension machine(MedX) in 97 patients of degenerative spinal diseases(male: 57, female: 40). The collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using the SPSS program.RESULTS The results of this study showed that the CSA of total and right multifidus muscle in the LHI was significantly higher than that of the S (p <.05; p <.05) in the male group. The difference between the left and right CSA of multifidus in the LHI group was significantly higher than that of the SS (p <.05) in the male group (p <.05) and total group (p <.05). The CSA of iliopsoas muscle in the S was significantly higher than that of the LHI in the male and total group (p <.05; p <.05). In case of lumbar extension muscle strength, the S showed significantly higher muscle strength at 36 and 48 degrees than that of the SS in the male group. In the total group, LHI showed significantly higher muscle strength at 60 degrees of lumbar extension muscle strength than that of the S.CONCLUSION Multifidus muscle appears to be a key factor in prevention and treatment intervention in low back pain patients. In particular, in the case of S group, exercise therapy for strengthening the multifidus muscle is need for the rehabilitation.
The Relationship between Dynamic Balance Ability and Low Limb Isokinetic Muscle Function of Elite Judo Athletes
Authors: Lee Jong Baek , Kim Young Kyun
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between lower extremity isokinetic muscle strength and dynamic balance ability of elite judo athletes and improve the efficient dynamic balance ability of athletes.METHODS A total of 26 male and female judo national candidates (13 males and 13 females) were participated. Isokinetic strength and dynamic balance in three consecutive areas of the lower limbs (knee, hip, waist) were measured. Multiple regression analysis step selection method was used to analyze the correlation between isokinetic strength measurement variables and dynamic balance ability. In addition, the results were analyzed by dividing the difference of fitness variables between male and female athletes and male and female athlete groups.RESULTS The male athlete group showed higher muscle strength in all areas of isokinetic strength (p <.01). Stability was statistically significantly higher (p <.05). There was interrelationship between the lower extremity isokinetic strength and the dynamic balance of the lower extremities in male and female athletes. The trunk flexion showed the highest correlation with the dynamic balance in the male athletes, and trunk flexion and hip extension in female athletes.CONCLUSIONS The trunk muscle strength showed the highest correlation with the dynamic balance ability in male and female athletes.
Compressive behaviour of fired-clay brick and lime mortar masonry components in dry and wet conditions
Authors: Bompa D. V. , Elghazouli A. Y.
Published: May 2020

This paper examines the fundamental mechanical properties of masonry elements incorporating fired-clay bricks and hydraulic lime mortars under ambient-dry and wet conditions, corresponding to 48 h submersion in water. In addition to complementary material characterisation assessments, two types of specimens are tested: cylindrical cores in compression, and wall elements in compression. Overall, a detailed account of more than 50 tests is given. Apart from conventional measurements, the use of digital image correlation techniques enables a detailed assessment of the influence of moisture on the constitutive response, confinement effects and mechanical properties of masonry components. The uniaxial compressive strengths of wet brick elements and brick–mortar components, resulting from tests on cylindrical cores with height-to-depth ratios of around two, are shown to be 13–18% lower than those in ambient-dry conditions. The tests also show that enhanced confinement levels in brick units mobilise 67–92% higher strengths than in the corresponding unconfined cylinders. Moreover, experimental observations indicate that the presence of significant confinement reduces the influence of moisture on the mechanical properties as a function of the brick and mortar joint thickness and their relative stiffness. As a result, the failure of wet masonry walls in compression is found to be only marginally lower than those in ambient-dry conditions. Based on the test results, the influence of moisture on the constitutive response and mechanical properties of masonry components is discussed, and considerations for practical application are highlighted.
A Phase II, Single-Arm, Open-Label, Bayesian Adaptive Efficacy and Safety Study of PBI-05204 in Patients with Stage IV Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Roth Marc T. , Cardin Dana Backlund , Borazanci Erkut Hasan , Steinbach Margaux , Picozzi Vincent J. , Rosemury Alexander , Wadlow Raymond Couric , Newman Robert A. , Berlin Jordan
Published: May 2020

Lessons Learned

This trial evaluating a novel plant extract, PBI-05204, did not meet its primary endpoint of overall survival but did show signals of efficacy in heavily pretreated mPDA. PBI-05204 was generally well tolerated, with the most common side effects related to treatment being vomiting (23.7%), nausea (18.4%), decreased appetite (18.4%), and diarrhea (15.8%). Additional trials are needed to explore the role of PBI-05204 in cancer treatment.

Background

Survival for metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDA) is dismal, and novel agents are needed. PBI-05204 is a modified supercritical carbon dioxide extract of Nerium oleander leaves. Oleandrin, the extract's major cytotoxic component, is a cardiac glycoside that has demonstrated antitumor activity in various tumor cell lines with a mechanism involving inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and through downregulation of mTOR.

Methods

A phase II, single-arm, open-label study to determine the efficacy of PBI-05204 in patients with refractory mPDA therapy was conducted. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), with the hypothesis that 50% of patients would be alive at 4.5 months. Secondary objectives included safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall response rate. Patients received oral PBI-05204 daily until progressive disease (PD), unacceptable toxicity, or patient withdrawal. Radiographic response was assessed every two cycles.

Results

Forty-two patients were enrolled, and 38 were analyzed. Ten patients were alive at 4.5 months (26.3%) with a median PFS of 56 days. One objective response (2.6%) was observed for 162 days. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 63.2% of patients with the most common being fatigue, vomiting, nausea, decreased appetite, and diarrhea.

Conclusion

PBI-05204 did not meet its primary endpoint for OS in this study. Recent preclinical data indicate a role for PBI-05204 against glioblastoma multiforme when combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A randomized phase II trial is currently being designed.
Interpretation of aeromagnetic data for estimation of Curie point depth in Sokoto Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Taufiq Suleiman , Nneka Okeke Francisca , Obiora Daniel Nnemeka
Published: May 2020

This research studied the estimation of the Curie point depth isotherm using aeromagnetic data across Sokoto Basin, Northwest, Nigeria. The study area lies within the longitudes of 3–7° east and latitudes of 10–14° north. The residual–regional separation was carried out on the total magnetic intensity using polynomial fitting of the second order. The residual map that formed the basis for analysis and interpretation was divided into 30 spectral blocks. Hence, the log of the spectral energies was plotted against the frequency using a spectral program plot developed with Matlab. The obtained results of centroid depth and depth to the top boundary were used in estimating the Curie point depth isotherm, which serves as the depth at which the crust and uppermost mantle magnetic materials cease to be magnetic. Interestingly, the results obtained from the spectral analysis of the study area, where an average depth to the top boundary of 2.2 6 km was obtained, indicated a good spot for hydrocarbon potential. The Curie point depth within the study area varied between 5.96 and 74.29 km with an average depth of 18.99 km. Impliedly, the results obtained from the Curie point depth isotherm indicated a good source of geothermal potential in the study area.
Pile contribution to slope stability: application to open quays
Authors: Lopes Francisco R. , Freire Tamara C. , Campos Thiago D. G. , Lacerda Willy A. , Gomes Roney M.
Published: May 2020

Foundation piles can contribute to the stability of a slope thorough which they are installed as they have to be sheared or fail in bending for the full collapse of the slope. The classical design of open quays, consisting of a piled platform with a slope beneath, can benefit from the consideration of the piles for its overall stability. The methods currently available for the consideration of piles are the limit equilibrium method (LEM) and the finite-element method. Although the former requires some side computations for the pile contributions, it has the advantage of identifying the failure mode. This can be used to make changes to the piling design in order to increase pile contribution to stability. The LEM approach, by Bishop's method, which considers circular slip surfaces, is particularly practical. A typical quay is studied with both approaches and the main parameters of such projects – pile density, slope angle and soil shear strength – are evaluated. The results of the analyses indicate that the consideration of the piles leads to an increase in the factor of safety of the slope. It is also suggested that the LEM approach can be used to advantage in everyday practice.
Value engineering using load-cell test data of barrette foundations – La Maison, Dubai
Authors: Manoj Sujatha , Choudhury Deepankar , Alzaylaie Marwan
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a case history of the design, Osterberg load-cell testing, value engineering and revised design by back-analysis of reinforced concrete barrette foundations, resulting in a reduction of barrette length by about 11%, for the 100-storey La Maison tower in Dubai. Rectangular barrettes were selected as an efficient foundation system to transfer 55 MN load per barrette after comparing the design with equivalent-sized circular piles. Bidirectional static load test results were back-analysed using a finite-element model to modify the barrette length. The stiffness parameters were modified after calibrating against the load-cell results, which was matched with a 20% modulus of elasticity from geophysics tests. The relation between unconfined compressive strength and skin friction was back-calculated and compared with commonly used methods in the UAE. Finite-element analysis of a group of barrettes with revised length showed settlement within the limit values. Revising the barrette length by about 11% resulted in significant savings in both cost and construction time.