bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between Sleep Status and Myopia in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study in Shenzhen
Authors: Zong Zhiqiang , Wang Renjie , Zhang Yi , Wu Xiaoyan , Xu Shaojun , Tao Fangbiao
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the association between sleep status and myopia in children and adolescents.Methods: Stratified cluster sampling a total of 30,188 schoolchildren from 14 schools located in 6 streets (Xinxiang, Songgang, Shiyan, Fuyong, Shajing and Xinan) of Baoan District in Shenzhen, China. The demographic characteristics of schoolchildren, information of self-reported myopia and their sleep status in the last 1 month were collected through using a standardized questionnaire. χ2-test was used to compare differences in myopia rates among children and adolescents in different sleep status. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of sleep status with myopia in children and adolescents.Results: The self-reported myopia rates was 49.8% among children and adolescents in Shenzhen. In primary, junior high and senior high students, the myopia rates were 25.6%, 62.4%, and 75.7%, respectively. After controlling for confounders, the results of multiple logistic analysis showed that night sleep duration < 7h/d (OR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.87-2.19), falling asleep at a fixed time (no) (OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.08-1.20), getting up at a fixed time in the morning (no) (OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.19-1.37), putting off sleeping on weekends ≥ 2 h/d (OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.17-1.41) and Putting off getting up on weekends ≥ 2 h/d were risk factors (OR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.13-1.34). After stratified by grade, social jet lag was not associated with myopia among senior high students.Conclusion: Insufficient sleep duration was positively associated with self-reported myopia, irregular patterns of sleep and social jet lag increased the risk of myopia among schoolchildren. Myopia prevention and control among children and adolescents should not only ensure adequate sleep, but also develop a habit of regular sleep.
AI - Based Framework for Private Cloud Computing
Authors: R DHAYA , R Kanthavel
Published: September 2021

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are computational simulations that are "trained" using information and expert input to duplicate a professional's choice given the same data. Only using one private cloud storage service to store information can cause a variety of issues for the system administrator. Knowledge providers, scalability, efficiency, privacy, and the potential of vendor support are examples of such concerns. Distributing information across several cloud storage services, comparable to how data is dispersed between various physical disk drives to increase error detection and increase productivity, is a possible approach. Moreover, because multiple private cloud providers have varying pricing strategies and service quality, maximizing the efficiency and profitability of many cloud providers at the same time is difficult. Based on access permission behaviors, this study presents a methodology for dynamically modifying network management rules across several cloud providers. The goal of this research is to look into how to reduce both the estimated cost and delay periods for numerous cloud providers. The architecture was put into practice in a cloud storage systems emulator, which simulated the complexity and effectiveness of numerous cloud providers in a real-world context. In particular, the architecture was evaluated in a variety of cloud storage environments. The outcomes of the platform's testing revealed that many cloud methods were successful.
Title Page Predictive Value of Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Yu Yue , Wang Suyu , Wang Pei , Xu Qiumeng , Zhang Yufeng , Xiao Jian , Xue Xiaofei , Yang Qian , Xi Wang , Wang Junnan , Huang Renhong , Liu Meiyun , Wang Zhinong
Published: September 2021

Background

Inflammation plays a key role in the initiation and progression of atrial fibrillation (AF). Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) has been proved to be a reliable predictor of many inflammation-associated diseases, but little data are available on the relationship between LMR and AF. The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of LMR in predicting all-cause mortality among AF patients.
Methods

Data of patients diagnosed with AF were retrieved from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III (MIMIC-III) database. X-tile analysis was used to calculate the optimal cutoff value for LMR. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to assess the association of LMR and 28-day, 90-day and 1-year mortality. Additionally, a propensity score matching (PSM) method was performed to minimize the impact of potential confounders.
Results

A total of 3,567 patients hospitalized with AF were enrolled in this study. The X-tile software indicated that the optimal cutoff value of LMR was 2.67. A total of 1,127 pairs were generated and all the covariates were well balanced after PSM. The Cox proportional-hazards model showed that patients with the low LMR (≤ 2.67) had a higher 1-year all-cause mortality than those with the high LMR (> 2.67) in the study cohort before PSM (HR = 1.640, 95% CI: 1.437–1.872, P < 0.001) and after PSM (HR = 1.279, 95% CI: 1.094–1.495, P = 0.002). The multivariable Cox regression analysis for 28-day and 90-day mortality yielded similar results.
Conclusions

The lower LMR (≤ 2.67) was associated with a higher risk of 28-day, 90-day, and 1-year all-cause mortality, which might serve as an independent prognostic predictor in AF patients.
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells for prevention of acute myocardial infarction induced heart failure: Study protocol of a phase III randomized clinical trial
Authors: Attar Armin , Monabati Ahmad , Montaseri Mohammad , Vosough Massoud , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Kojouri Javad , Abdi-Ardekani Alireza , Izadpanah Peyman , Azarpira Negar , Pouladfar Gholamreza , Ramzi Mani
Published: September 2021

Background: Results from recent clinical trials on bone marrow mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) transplantation show that this intervention can help reduce the incidence of heart failure (HF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, no study has evaluated the effect of the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a clinical endpoint such as HF.Methods: This single-blinded, randomized, multicenter trial aims to establish whether the intracoronary infusion of umbilical cord-derived Wharton’s jelly MSCs (WJ-MSCs) helps prevent HF development after AMI. The study will enroll 360 patients 3 to 7 days following AMI. Only patients aged below 65 years with impaired LV function (LVEF < 40%) will be included. They will be randomized (2:1 ratio) to either receive standard care or a single intracoronary infusion of 107 WJ-MSCs. The primary outcome of this study is the assessment of HF development during long-term follow-up (3 years).Results: Data will be collected until Nov 2024. Thereafter, the analysis will be conducted. Results are expected to be ready by Dec 2024. We will prepare and submit the related manuscript in accordance with the SPIRIT guidelines. Conclusions: This study will help determine whether or not the infusion of intracoronary WJ-MSCs in patients with AMI will reduce the incidence of AMI-induced HF.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05043610, Registered 14 September 2021 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05043610
The genomic landscape of canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identifies distinct subtypes with clinical and therapeutic implications
Authors: Giannuzzi Diana , Marconato Laura , Fanelli Antonella , Licenziato Luca , De Maria Raffaella , Rinaldi Andrea , Rotta Luca , Rouquet Nicole , Birolo Giovanni , Fariselli Piero , Mensah Afua , Bertoni Francesco , Aresu Luca
Published: September 2021

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoid neoplasm in dogs, being characterized by a remarkable degree of clinical heterogeneity not completely explained by molecular data. This poses a major barrier to understanding the disease and response to therapy or when using dogs with DLBCL in clinical trials. We performed an integrated analysis of genome, exome and RNA sequencing in a cohort of 77 canine DLBCL to define the genetic landscape of this tumor. A wide range of signaling pathways and cellular processes were found in common with human DLBCL, but the frequencies of the most recurrently mutated genes were different overall. We developed a prognostic model integrating clinical, exonic variants and transcriptomic features to predict outcome in dogs with DLBCL. These results comprehensively define the genetic drivers of canine DLBCL and can be prospectively utilized to identify new therapeutic opportunities.
Multivariate meta-analysis of multiple outcomes: characteristics and predictors of borrowing of strength from Cochrane reviews
Authors: Hattle Miriam , Burke Danielle L. , Trikalinos Thomas , Schmid Christopher H. , Chen Yong , Jackson Dan , Riley Richard D.
Published: September 2021

Objectives

Multivariate meta-analysis allows the joint synthesis of multiple outcomes accounting for their correlation. This enables borrowing of strength (BoS) across outcomes, which may lead to greater efficiency and even different conclusions compared to separate univariate meta-analyses. However, multivariate meta-analysis is complex to apply, so guidance is needed to flag (in advance of analysis) when the approach is most useful.
Study design and setting

We use 43 Cochrane intervention reviews to empirically investigate the characteristics of meta-analysis datasets that are associated with a larger BoS statistic (from 0 to 100%) when applying a bivariate meta-analysis of binary outcomes.
Results

Four characteristics were identified as strongly associated with BoS: the total number of studies, the number of studies with the outcome of interest, the percentage of studies missing the outcome of interest, and the largest absolute within-study correlation. Using these characteristics, we then develop a model for predicting BoS in a new dataset, which is shown to have good performance (an adjusted R2 of 50%). Applied examples are used to illustrate the use of the BoS prediction model.
Conclusions

Cochrane reviewers currently use univariate meta-analysis methods, but our prediction model for BoS helps to flag when a multivariate meta-analysis may also be beneficial in Cochrane reviews with multiple binary outcomes. Extension to non-Cochrane reviews and other outcome types is still required.
Coral-inspired hierarchical structures for sunlight harvesting
Authors: Torres Juan Felipe , Tsuda Kaoru , Murakami Yasushi , Guo Yifan , Hosseini Sahar , Asselineau Charles-Alexis , Taheri Mahdiar , Drewes Kurt , Tricoli Antonio , Lipiński Wojciech , Coventry Joe
Published: September 2021

Concentrating solar thermal (CST) is an efficient renewable energy technology with low-cost thermal energy storage. CST relies on wide-spectrum solar thermal absorbers that must withstand high temperatures (> 700°C) for many years, but state-of-the-art coatings have poor optical stability. Here, we show that the largely overlooked macro-scale morphology is key to enhancing both optical resilience and light trapping. Inspired by stony-coral morphology, we developed a hierarchical coating with three tuneable length-scale morphologies: nano- (~ 120 nm), micro- (~ 3 µm) and macro-scales (> 50 µm). Our coating exhibits outstanding, stable solar-weighted absorptance of > 97.75 ± 0.04% after ageing at 850°C for more than 2,000 hours. The scalability of our coating is demonstrated on a commercial solar thermal receiver, paving the way for more reliable high-performance solar thermal systems.
Past and future trends of civil airport emissions in China, from 2010 to 2030
Authors: Wang Kai , Wang Xiaoqi , Cheng Shuiyuan , Cheng Long , Wang Ruipeng
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to study the trend of aircraft emission in China. The multiyear emission inventories of HC, CO, NOX, SO2 and PM2.5 in the period 2010–2030 were developed. Results show that the total amount of all targeted pollutants from China's civil airports climbed from approximately 82407 tons in 2010 to 164275 tons in 2019. It is expected that the total amount of pollutants will reach 400845 tons by 2030. Pollutant emissions had the lowest growth rate in 2019 and the highest growth rate in 2013 (4.1% and 13.3%, respectively). From 2013 to 2019, the rate of increase in airport pollutant emissions began to decline. In 2019, the emissions of HC, CO, NOX, SO2 and PM2.5 are 6251, 53614, 97059, 6248 and 1102 tons, respectively. COVID-19 had a significant impact on airport emissions. By comparing the statistical value and the predicted value of airport emissions in 2020, we found that COVID-19 reduced the emissions of ZHHH and national by 46.33% and 30.45% respectively. In 2019, the East has the highest contribution rate of 27.6%, and Xinjiang has the lowest contribution rate of 3.6%. The emissions of the seven aviation regions were in the order of east > central south > southwest > north > northeast > northwest > Xinjiang.
Contribution of the Banking Sector for Economic Growth, Case of Ethiopian Banks
Authors: ALEMU ABIYOT , G. abebe
Published: September 2021

Financial institutions, especially the banking sector plays a crucial role in models of economic growth. It is an essential component of investments; bank Profit/Loss, banks deposits, banks advances and Interest Earning have considerable effect on economic activity and long-term economic growth. The view that, strong financial sector performance has the key to economic growth was reflected in the development strategies and plans in many countries. In Ethiopia, the development of the financial sector is limited, the contribution to GDP is also very low, and most of the banks attention to is on similar services and commercial activities in the domestic banking areas rather than diversified and international banking services. After selection of the study variables the researchers were described the economic growth function of the nation using the GDP Model to show the contribution of deposits, investments, advances, profitability and interest earning on GDP. This study is important to the practitioners, policy makers, and potential researchers by providing recommendable solutions those mitigate the obstacles in banking sector and providing conducive financial and economic theories and models important for the banking institutions and other concerned parties. The general objective of this study is to evaluate the contribution of the banking sector for the growth of GDP of the nation, more specifically it evaluate or measure the contribution of deposits, investments, advances, profitability, and interest earning on GDP of the nation. The appropriate research design adopted for this study was descriptive. From the total of 19 private and public banks in Ethiopia 5 banks were purposely selected (1 public and 4 private) for this study. Secondary sources of data were used for the analysis. All secondary data were collected from the different official publications of respected banks, annual reports and National bank of Ethiopia for five years (2009-2013 GC). The collected data were analyzed with the use of the SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences) program 20v. The percentage, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, correlation and multiple regressions were utilized. The finding shows that Deposit, Investment, Advances, profitability, and Interest earned by Banks have significant effect on the GDP growth of the Nation. The percentage share to GDP in the sector was increased from time to time with an average of 22%, 11%, 18%, 0.86%, and 1.2% respectively.
Economic efficiency and constraints of maize production under shifting cultivation farming system in low land of Gudeya Bila district, Oromia national regional state, Ethiopia: Stochastic frontier approach
Authors: Tesema Tolesa
Published: September 2021

Traditionally farming system of rural area in Ethiopia is based on producing maize without oxen ploughing which is characterized with clearing land by their own land and cultivating it without oxen ploughing. Thus for many years the farmers of Ethiopia are unable to meet their food security. This situation is continued currently in the study area in which the production system of maize is based on producing advanced methods of production that need improvements of efficiency of farmers .Therefore these studies analyze economic efficiency and constraints of maize production under shifting in the low land farming of Gudeya Bila district. The study was conducted using cross-sectional data collected during the 2020/2021 production year from 154 randomly selected sample households. To estimate the level of technical, allocative and economic stochastic production frontier model was employed and Tobit model was used to identify factors affecting technical, allocative and economic efficiency of sample households.The mean technical, allocative and economic efficiency were 78.78%, 69.99% and 56.66% respectively. The Tobit model results shows that education levels, family size, farm size, construction of terrace, frequency of extension contact, uses of credit, participation in off/non-farm activities and shifting cultivation had a significant positive effect on technical efficiency. Livestock holding and participation in off/nonfarm activities have positive effects and distance to plot were found to have negative effect on allocative efficiency while family size, soil conservation practice, credit, extension service, off/non-farm activities were found to have positive effect and distance to plot is negative influence on economic efficiency. The main conclusion steaming from this analysis was there is the possibility to enhance the efficiency of maize producers in the study area. Thus policies and strategies of the government should be directed towards the contraction of terrace, shifting from shifting cultivation to oxen farming, producing by fragmented of land rather than focusing only on single plot.
Comparative observation of two types of limb salvage surgery on limb function and quality of life in patients with knee joint osteosarcoma
Authors: Hou Zi-Wei , Bai Wen-Zhe , Xu Ming , Zheng Kai , Yu XiuChun
Published: September 2021

Background

We compared the differences of Joint-preservation Limb Salvage (JPLS) and Joint-prosthesis Replacement Surgery (JPRS) on limb function and quality of life in patients with osteosarcoma in the knee.
Methods

This retrospective study evaluated the postoperative outcomes of patients treated with JPLS and JPRS for osteosarcoma around the knee between November 2000 and January 2019. All patients were followed up at 1 year postoperatively. Patients' lower extremity function, knee function, and quality of life were evaluated during follow-up using the MSTS score, IKDC score, and SF-36 score.
Results

The patients were divided into two groups: the joint-preservation group (16) and the prosthetic-replacement group (19). All 35 patients received a successful operation, and all incisions healed in one stage after surgery. At 12 months after the operation, the median MTST score in the joint-preservation group was 27(range 24 to30), higher than 24(range 13 to 30) in the prosthetic-replacement group (P < 0.05, Table 2). The median IKDC score in the joint-preservation group was 82.5(range 53 to 95), higher than the 60(range 41 to 80) in the prosthetic- replacement group (P < 0.05, Table 2). The SF-36 scores of physiological and social functions were higher in the joint-preserving group than those in the prosthetic-replacement group (P < 0.05), and there were no significant differences between the groups in the other indexes (P > 0.05). Comparing the distribution of each item in the MSTS and IKDC scoring criteria between the joint-preservation and the prosthetic-replacement group revealed that the limb function, pain, satisfaction, support assistance, and the walking and gait of the joint-preservation group were superior to those of the prosthetic-replacement group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in knee flexion between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the joint-preservation group performed superior to the prosthesis-replacement group in terms of pain, swelling, twisting, softening of the leg, movement downstairs, sitting up from a chair, kneeling, squatting, running straight, jumping up with the injured leg and landing, and quickly stopping or starting (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

Compared with joint-prosthesis replacement surgery, joint-preservation limb salvage performed better joint function and quality of life. The findings provide a signal of superiority for JPLS to JPRS but further investigation is warranted in multicentre trials.
Avaliação do conhecimento de acadêmicos de Farmácia sobre plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos
Authors: Iukava Lidia Kazue , Coradette Carlos Daniel de Siqueira , Zago Priscila Megda João Job , Meotti Fabiane Lucila , Perfeito Heris Lorenzi dos Santos , Otenio Joice Karina , Jacomassi Ezilda , Boleta-Ceranto Daniela de Cassia Faglioni
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre plantas medicinais e medicamentos fitoterápicos em uma instituição de ensino superior da Região Sul do Brasil a Universidade Paranaense - UNIPAR, considerando a importância da fitoterapia para a formação profissional dos cursos de Farmácia. Foi desenvolvido, um estudo quantitativo e descritivo, aplicando um questionário, pelo Google Formulários, para avaliar o conhecimento sobre as plantas e fitoterápicos, com todos os 23 acadêmicos do 4º ano do curso de farmácia. Os resultados demonstraram que 60,9% dos alunos faz uso de alguma planta medicinal, 95,7% dos acadêmicos aprendeu utilizar plantas medicinais na faculdade e as plantas mais citadas foram: hortelã, hibisco e boldo, 95,7% respondeu que indicaria uso de fitoterápicos e plantas medicinais para outras pessoas, 87% dos acadêmicos responderam que talvez faça uma especialização em plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos. Este estudo demonstra que os acadêmicos, utilizam plantas medicinais com certa frequência, adquiriram informações provenientes da Universidade e do saber tradicional adquirido, havendo a necessidade de maior conhecimento sobre a importância do aperfeiçoamento profissional, com a realização de especialização, considerando o potencial da fitoterapia.
Saúde bucal de crianças com microcefalia associada ao Zika vírus
Authors: Costa Hannah Pereira , Da Silva Andrade Kauana , Oliveira José Jhenikártery Maia de , Silva Fábio Victor Dias , Ferreira Artemisa Fernanda Moura , Brito Camila Santos de Mattos , Oliveira Rosa Virginia Dutra de , Cardoso Andreia Medeiros Rodrigues
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: descrever sobre as condições bucais das crianças com Microcefalia associada ao Zika vírus. Metodologia: Estudo transversal realizado com 13 crianças atendidas no projeto institucional e multidisciplinar "Atenção Integrada às crianças com microcefalia por Zika vírus" e seus respectivos cuidadores. Foi realizado entrevista com os cuidadores e de exame clínico bucal nas crianças, sendo coletados dados sobre características sociodemográficas e econômicas, hábitos de higiene, comportamentais e alimentares, assim como as características oclusais e os índices clínicos odontológicos (ISG, IPV e ceo-d). Os dados foram analisados de maneira descritiva e através do teste Wilcoxon no software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 20. Resultados: A maioria das crianças eram do sexo feminino (53,8%), entre 24 e 35 meses (76,9%) e a mãe era o principal cuidador (76,9%). Em relação aos hábitos das crianças, 61,5% apresentavam alimentação semissólida, com frequência de escovação diária de duas vezes ou mais (46,2%), utilizavam mamadeira (76,9%) e chupeta (53,8%). As crianças não apresentavam cárie, o ISG e IPV foram considerados satisfatórios. Além disso, 92,3% das crianças rangiam os dentes durante a noite, 61,5% apresentavam mordida aberta anterior, sobressaliência aumentada (84,6%) e cronologia de erupção alterada (84,6%) Conclusão: As crianças apresentavam erupção dentária tardia, presença de facetas de desgastes, chave de canino com classificação I, mordida aberta anterior e sobressaliência aumentada. Além disso, possuíam frequência de escovação satisfatória, alimentações semissólida, usavam mamadeira e chupeta. A partir dos índices odontológicos, observou-se que as crianças apresentavam uma saúde bucal satisfatória.
Avaliação da cor de resinas compostas através dos métodos visual e digital
Authors: Sarmento Anderson da Silva , Oliveira Hélio Gabriel Fernandes , Andrade Kauana da Silva , Silva Fábio Victor Dias , Oliveira José Jhenikártery Maia de , Cardoso Andreia Medeiros Rodrigues , Lima Júnior Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a correspondência de cor das resinas compostas em relação à Escala Vita, através do método visual e do método digital. Material e método: Trata-se de um estudo laboratorial in vitro realizado com 24 corpos de prova, utilizando resinas compostas de 8 diferentes marcas de resinas, nas cores A1, A2 e A3, os quais foram submetidos à análise de tomada de cor, tanto pelo método visual quanto pelo método digital com auxílio de um scanner. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e analítica por meio do Teste Qui-quadrado e o Teste de Fisher para comparar as frequências das coincidências pelo método visual e digital, de acordo com a marca, cor e método. Resultados: 41,67% das resinas apresentaram correspondência de cor quando avaliadas pelo método visual, enquanto o método digital apresentou 29,17% de correspondência de cor. As cores propostas não foram identificadas nem pelo método digital e nem pelo método visual (92.6%), com diferença significativa (p<0,05). Quando comparado as frequências de coincidências, houve mais coincidências pela identificação da cor pelo método visual do que pelo método digital (p<0,05). Conclusão: Os métodos digital e visual clássico apresentaram pouca correspondência entre a cor proposta pelos fabricantes e a cor obtida após a polimerização das resinas. E quando comparadas as frequências de coincidências das cores, estas foram mais identificadas pelo método visual do que pelo método digital.
Acesso aos serviços de saúde bucal na atenção primária antes e durante o contexto da pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Nóbrega Waleska Fernanda Souto , Silva Gustavo Correia Basto  da , Barbosa Danilo Vieira , Cavalcanti Sérgio d'Ávila Lins Bezerra
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar como se deu o acesso aos serviços odontológicos na atenção primária à saúde (APS) na Paraíba entre os anos de 2019 e 2020. Metodologia: Foram coletados do Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica (SISAB) dados referentes às primeiras consultas odontológicas, tratamentos concluídos e vigilância em saúde bucal dos anos de 2019 e 2020. Após coletados os dados foram tabulados no Microsof Excel e em seguida analisados no SPSS versão 24.0. Resultados: Primeiras consultas odontológicas e tratamentos concluídos apresentaram uma queda vertiginosa entre os anos de 2019 e 2020 que pode ser atribuída às orientações de suspensão do atendimento odontológico eletivo durante a pandemia de Covid – 19. Conclusão: mudanças restritivas como a suspensão dos procedimentos eletivos, restringiu o acesso da população aos serviços odontológicos, podendo acarretar mudanças ainda não conhecidas e incomensuráveis na necessidade de tratamento, bem como na saúde bucal e qualidade de vida dos usuários do serviço.
Gnedenko Forum
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2021

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Association between Hypomagnesemia, COVID-19, Respiratory Tract and Lung Disease
Authors: Faa Gavino , Saba Luca , Fanni Daniela , Kalcev Goce , Carta Mauro
Published: September 2021

The complexity of COVID-19 is also related to the multiple molecular pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2, which is able to cause type I pneumocyte death, trigger intravascular coagulation, interfere with the renin-angiotensin system, dysregulate iron metabolism, ending with the insurgence of a cytokine storm which may lead to death. Old adults with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes are among the high-risk category groups more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Magnesium has been reported to play a major role both in physiology and in pathology, particularly in elderly people, regulating cytotoxic functions of natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In spite of the absence of controlled trials, the possibility of magnesium supplementation for supportive treatment in patients with COVID-19 should be encouraged. This could be useful in all phases of the COVID-19 disease.
Prognostic Genomic Predictive Biomarkers for Early-Stage Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Moon Hojin , Nguyen Alex , Lee Evan
Published: September 2021

Aims:

Our goal is to find predictive genomic biomarkers in order to identify subgroups of early-stage lung cancer patients that are most likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy with surgery (ACT).

Background:

Receiving ACT appears to have a better prognosis for more severe early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients than surgical resection only. However, not all patients benefit from chemotherapy.

Objective:

Preliminary studies suggest that the application of ACT is associated with a better prognosis for more severe NSCLC patients compared to those who only underwent surgical resection. Given the immense personal and financial costs associated with ACT, finding the patients who are most likely to benefit from ACT is paramount. Thus, the purpose of this research is to utilize gene expression and clinical data from lung cancer patients to find treatment-associated genomic biomarkers.

Methods:

To investigate the treatment effect, a modified-covariate regularized Cox regression model with lasso penalty is implemented using National Cancer Institute gene expression data to find genomic biomarkers.

Results:

This research utilized an independent validation dataset involving 318 lung cancer patients to validate the models. In the validation set with 318 patients, the modified covariate Cox model with lasso penalty were able to show patients who followed their predicted recommendation (either ACT for low-risk group or OBS for the high-risk group, n = 171) have higher survival benefits than 147 patients who did not follow the recommendations (p < .0001).

Conclusion:

Based on validation data, patients who follow our predicted recommendation by genomic biomarkers selected from the proposed model will likely benefit from ACT.
The Extrapulmonary Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Majeed Mohsin , Noor Tayyaba
Published: September 2021

SARS-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the latest strain of coronavirus that causes the viral infection, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The initial studies on the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) focused on respiratory outcomes of this viral infection. More recent research on the mechanism of action of SARS-CoV-2 shows that the virus enters the cells through the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor. This receptor is present not just in the cell membranes of respiratory cells but also in the cell membranes of cells present in other organs of the body. This enables the virus to have severe outcomes in the body beyond the respiratory system. Providing a possible immunizing agent against coronavirus is a major challenge pertaining to the fact that ongoing pandemic has already taken millions of lives. This paper discusses the extrapulmonary effects of COVID-19, with an emphasis on clinical manifestations, mechanism of action, and special focus to management considerations in each of these cases. The essential therapeutics and treatments proposed for dealing with the COVID-19 infection have also been discussed. While the answer to whether these therapies work, successfully controlling the immunoinflammatory response is still unclear, ongoing trials of multiple drugs for this purpose are an excellent way to ultimately reach a product that works successfully.
Phospholipid-containing films for improved drug release
Authors:   University of Waterloo, School of Pharmacy, Huang Jiahao , Wettig Shawn
Published: September 2021

Phospholipids from natural sources can delay liquid-liquid phase separation and improve supersaturation for active pharmaceutical ingredients with poor water-solubility in aqueous media. Researchers have developed oral films containing phospholipids to enhance the dissolution efficiency of hydrophobic pharmaceutical ingredients. Phospholipid-based oral films provide an alternative approach for compounding pharmacies to formulate drugs with poor water solubility.
Zalacca fruit consumption to reduce nausea and vomiting in trimester I pregnant women in Banjarnegara District
Authors: Fajri Umi , Sari Dian Nirmala
Published: September 2021

Introduction : Nausea and vomiting occur in 80-85% of pregnancies during the first trimester with annoying vomiting symptoms in 52%. The way to deal with nausea and vomiting is pharmacochemical by consuming fresh fruit, namely zalacca. In 100 mg of zalacca fruit contains B6 0.2 mg which can reduce nausea.

Objectives : To  find out that zalacca fruit can reduce nausea and vomiting in pregnant women in the 1st trimester.

Methods : The research used was a quasy experimental design with a pretest posttest control group design. The variables in this study were zalacca fruit, nausea and vomiting. The number of samples is 30 respondents. The treatment group received 100 mg of zalacca fruit and B6 3 x 10 mg per day for 10 days while the control group received anti-nausea therapy, namely B6 3 x 10 mg / day for 10 days, before the intervention, the control group and the treatment group would get pre-test (assessment of nausea and vomiting) and then continued with the intervention for 10 days and ended with a post test (assessment of nausea and vomiting). Data analysis was univariate, bivariate using the Repeated Measure Anova (Test of Between-Subjects Effect) test.

Result :  Showed that there was an effect of consuming zalacca fruit to reduce nausea (p = 0.000) and vomiting with a value of p = 0.012.

Conclusion : Consumption of 100mg zalacca can reduce nausea and vomiting in 1st trimester pregnant women.
Resilience affecting the recurrence rate of schizophrenia patients in health community centre, Gamping 2, Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Nurcahyati Fiki Aji , Ners Mulyanti , Kamala Rosma Fyki
Published: September 2021

Background: The rate of recurrence level in schizophrenia patients is still high. Schizophrenic patients experience various decreases in cognitive, emotional, social behavior, and brain functions, so that an optimal attitude of resilience is needed. Schizophrenic patients with good resilience can reduce the risk of recurrence.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between resilience and recurrence rate of schizophrenia patients in Health Community Centre, Gamping 2, Sleman.

Methods: This research was a quantitative research with a cross sectional design. Sampling technique used is simple random sampling. There were 44 schizophrenic patients for the sample in Health Community Centre, Gamping 2, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The instrument used was demographic data to measure recurrence, the CD-RISC10 questionnaire with the Kendall Tau test.

Results: This research was a quantitative research with a cross sectional design. Sampling technique used is simple random sampling. There were 44 schizophrenic patients for the sample in Health Community Centre, Gamping 2, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The instrument used was demographic data to measure recurrence, the CD-RISC10 questionnaire with the Kendall Tau test.
Conclusions: There is a relationship between resilience and recurrence on schizophrenia patients in  Health Community Centre, Gamping 2, Sleman
The effect of SPEOS method and music therapy on breastmilk production in primipara postpartum mothers
Authors: Setyawan Titik , Erisna Maya , Ariyanti Ida , Wahyuni Sri
Published: September 2021

Background: Breastmilk production on the 2nd to 3rd day after delivery is still low and it can lead to breastfeeding adequacy problem. Hormonal constitute one of many factors that causing this condition. Therefore, there is a need for non-pharmacological interventions to increase breastmilk production in primpipara postpartum mothers.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the SPEOS method (stimulation of endorphins, oxytocin, and suggestive massage) and classical music therapy on breastmilk production in primipara postpartum mothers.

Methods: This study was a quasi-experiment with pretest and post-test with control group design. A total of 34 postpartum mothers from the first day to the fourth day were selected in this study randomly and were divided into an experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test was used for statistical analysis.

Results: The average breastmilk production after the administration of the SPEOS method and music therapy interventions was increased significantly from 4.35 ml to 46.66 ml (p=0.0001) compared to control group 5.48 ml to 19.07 ml (p=0.0001).

Conclusions: The combination of the SPEOS method and music therapy is effective in increasing breastmilk production in primipara postpartum mothers.
Relationship between social economic status and family’s clean and healthy behavior (PHBS) in Tesa Village, Laenmanen District, 2020
Authors: Manek Brigita Dina , Rian Matilda Bupu , Bilimangngi Atalia
Published: September 2021

Background: Economy is the main factor related to the implementation of PHBS in Tesa village, Malaka Regency.

Objectives : This study aims to determine the relationship between Social economic Status and Clean and Healthy Family Behavior (PHBS) in Tesa Village, Malaka Regency in 2020. Methods: The research design is a correlational analytic study. The design of the study is correlational analytic study. The population is all family in Tesa village N = 124 respondents with a simple random sampling technique obtained 94 samples of respondents. The instrument used was a questionnaire sheet about social economic status and PHBS.The instrument used was a questionnaire sheet about social economic status and PHBS. The results were analyzed by using the proportional cluster.

Results: The results of the research show that almost all (76.6%) had good Clean and Healthy Behavior (PHBS) and nearly half 47 (50.0%) had the Prosperous Social-Economic II status. The results from cross tabulation shows the relationship between Social Economic status and PHBS which is found that there were 33 respondents (34.0%) with moderate PHBS. The result of statistical test using Spearman rank test shows p=0.000 is smaller than the value of α=0.05 (0.000< 0.05) so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. This means that there is a relationship between the social economic status of the family and PHBS in 2020.

Conclusions: It can be concluded that the higher the social economic status of the family between education, work and overall economic conditions, the better the behavior of a clean and healthy life is expected and the family will protect it more by seeking health-related information 
The use of corn in trimester i pregnant women againts complaints of trimester I pregnant women at Lohia District, Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi in 2020
Authors: Alam Hilda Sulistia , Altahirah Sutrisna
Published: September 2021

Background: Hemoglobin (Hb) is a protein molecule containing iron from red blood cells and myoglobin in the muscles which functions to carry oxygen from the lungs to all body tissues and brings back carbon dioxide from all body tissues to the lungs to be excreted from the body. Hb level during pregnancy is very important because it affects the condition of the mother and fetus. If the Hb level of pregnant women is low, it can cause anemia. Symptoms of anemia are dizziness, pallor, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and decreased appetite. One of the foods that are good for pregnant women to consume is corn. It contains vitamins B1, B6, B9, B12, Biotin and pantothenic acid to metabolize carbohydrates, coenzymes, increase endurance, overcome nausea and vomiting, Hb formation and prevent anemia.

Objectives  : This study aimed to determine the benefits of corn in trimester I pregnant women against complaints of pregnant women in trimester I.

Methods : This research was a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest two group design approach in Lohia District, Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi in 2020 with simple random sampling and the subjects in this study consisted of 20 in intervention and 20 in controls. The data collection technique was done by using an observation sheet to record the Hb measurement results. The t-test was used as a sample analysis test to determine the benefits of corn.

Results : The results showed that in the first trimester of pregnant women, there was a significant increase in Hb levels after being given corn (Zea Mays) with P value = 0.000 <α = 0.05.

Conclusion : The benefits of giving corn to trimester I pregnant women against complaints of trimester I pregnant women
Education of fetal movement counting: an effort to increase knowledge and compliance of pregnant women to do self-assessment of fetal wellbeing
Authors: Samutri Erni , Endriyani Lia
Published: September 2021

Background: Decreased movements of the fetus can indicate decrease supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and increase the risk of fetal compromised, even stillbirth. Providing accurate information on fetal movements will help mother to make right decision when dealing with decreased fetal movements. This study aims to determine the effect of fetal movement counting education on knowledge and compliance of pregnant women in performing fetal movement counting.

Method: This pre-experimental study allocated 32 pregnant women at 28-37 weeks gestation to practice daily fetal movement counting for 3 weeks. The intervention was a package of fetal movement counting education and practice for 3 weeks. Knowledge on fetal movement counting was measured 4 times by a validated questionnaire and compliance was measured in the end of intervention. Friedman test was used to analyze the changes of women knowledge on fetal movement counting.

Results: The results showed that there was an increase in women knowledge on fetal  movement counting from 52.94% to 86.10% at the end of intervention, by the highest score in the technihue for fetal movement counting (93.67%). Comparison of 4 measurement periods showed significant changes in knowledge (p <0.000), with a tendency of rise in knowledge. The compliance in performing fetal movement counting was high about 96%.

Conclusion: Education of fetal movement counting will increases the knowledge regarding fetal movement. Providing appropriate education and continuous follow-up will increase women’s awareness on the importance of fetal movement monitoring and rise up their compliance to do so.
Supportive Care Interventions for People With Cancer Assisted by Digital Technology: Systematic Review
Authors: Marthick Michael , McGregor Deborah , Alison Jennifer , Cheema Birinder , Dhillon Haryana , Shaw Tim
Published: September 2021

Background

Although relatively new, digital health interventions are demonstrating rapid growth because of their ability to facilitate access and overcome issues of location, time, health status, and most recently, the impact of a major pandemic. With the increased uptake of digital technologies, digital health has the potential to improve the provision of supportive cancer care.

Objective

This systematic review aims to evaluate digital health interventions for supportive cancer care.

Methods

Published literature between 2000 and 2020 was systematically searched in MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus. Eligible publications were randomized controlled trials of clinician-led digital health interventions to support adult cancer patients. The interventions included were determined by applying a digital health conceptual model. Studies were appraised for quality using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool.

Results

Twenty randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. Interventions varied by duration, frequency, degree of technology use, and applied outcome measures. Interventions targeting a single tumor stream, predominantly breast cancer, and studies involving the implementation of remote symptom monitoring have dominated the results. In most studies, digital intervention resulted in significant positive outcomes in patient-reported symptoms, levels of fatigue and pain, health-related quality of life, functional capacity, and depression levels compared with the control.

Conclusions

Digital health interventions are helpful and effective for supportive care of patients with cancer. There is a need for high-quality research. Future endeavors could focus on the use of valid, standardized outcome measures, maintenance of methodological rigor, and strategies to improve patient and health professional engagement in the design and delivery of supportive digital health interventions.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42020149730; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=149730
Chloe for COVID-19: Evolution of an Intelligent Conversational Agent to Address Infodemic Management Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Siedlikowski Sophia , Noël Louis-Philippe , Moynihan Stephanie Anne , Robin Marc
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

There is an unprecedented demand for infodemic management due to rapidly evolving information about the novel COVID-19 pandemic. This viewpoint paper details the evolution of a Canadian digital information tool, Chloe for COVID-19, based on incremental leveraging of artificial intelligence techniques. By providing an accessible summary of Chloe’s development, we show how proactive cooperation between health, technology, and corporate sectors can lead to a rapidly scalable, safe, and secure virtual chatbot to assist public health efforts in keeping Canadians informed. We then highlight Chloe’s strengths, the challenges we faced during the development process, and future directions for the role of chatbots in infodemic management. The information presented here may guide future collaborative efforts in health technology in order to enhance access to accurate and timely health information to the public.