bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konstruksi Nalar dan Pola Pembacaan Maq?s{Id al-Shar?‘ah dalam Filsafat Hukum Islam Ibn Taym?yah
Authors: Prihantoro Hijrian Angga
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to track the construction of maq?s}id al-shar?‘ah reasoning and reading patterns of maq?s}id al-shar?‘ah according to Ibn Taym?yah perspective. The study of the philosophy of Islamic Law in the perspective of Ibn Taym?yah in Islamic thought is still not much discussed, even not yet formulated with a comprehensive framework of construction of reason. Maq?sid al-shar?‘ah in Ibn Taym?yah’s perspective has a reciprocal reading pattern in quadric jalb al-mas}lah}ah and daf‘ al-mafsadah at one time simultaneously. These quadrics here are relational dialectics between min j?nib al-wuj?d and min j?nib al-‘adam. Ibn Taym?yah as one of the most knowledgeable scholars of science has a unique reading pattern on how the legal texts (ay?t al-ah}k?m) and their intentions (al-maq?s}id) are dialecticalized.
Rekonsiliasi antara Islam dan Local Wisdom dalam Kontekstualisasi Hadith tentang Larangan Tashabbuh
Authors: L Sulaemang , Hadi Nur , Amir Abdul Muiz
Published: June 2020

This article focuses on the study of the contextualization of the meaning of the h}ad?th about tashabbuh using both macro and micro socio-historical study approach. The study was conducted to find the significance of the meaning contained in the h}ad?th about the prohibition of tashabbuh, using the study of h}ad?th literature and historical sources. The results of the study found that; (1) the study of the hadith about prohibition of tashabbuh cannot be understood by only using a textual-literal approach, because it can only narrow down the meaning of h}ad?th, so it is more likely to lead to a funda-mentalist-radicalist understanding; (2) Studying the h}ad?ths is to find the meaning behind the text, context, and contextualization of the h}ad?th, theologically norma-tive aims to maintain the faith dan the belief in tawh?d, while socially cultural aims to relize the Islamic founda-tion as tolerance and rahmah; (3) there are two types of tashabbuh in the theological-normative domain; showing absolute prohibition, and social welfare; showing skill as long as it does not conflict with the basic rules of shari'ah and realizes maslahat for human life.
Konstruksi Metodologi Fiqh al-Bukh?r? dan Kegagalan Pembentukan Mazhab
Authors: Fathoni Hasyim Muh.
Published: June 2020

The popularity of al-Bukh?r? as the expert of h}ad?th is indisputable; he reached his top figure; his name becomes a guarantee of his h}ad?th validity; besides, he is also well-known as the expert of Islamic law (faq?h). However, his expertise in Islamic law is often disregarded. In fact, the authority of al-Bukh?r? in Islamic law reaches its peak as an absolute mujtahid (mujtahid mut}}laq). This phenomenon raised some questions. Firstly, is al-Bukh?r? affiliated with one of the established Sunn? madhhabs? When a mujtahid has reached his absolute rank, he needs of his own fiqh methodology construct-ion, other than following another methodology. Secondly, does al-Bukh?r? have his own methodology? Frankly, an absolute mujtahid has an opportunity to establish his own madhhab ordained to his name. Thirdly, why is al-Bukh?r?’s madhhab unpopular among Sunn? maddhabs? This article found that al-Bukh?r? is not affiliated to certain madhhabs, then explored the methodology formation as well as other factors underlying the failure of formation of al-Bukh?r?’s madhhab.
Model Moderasi Beragama Berbasis Pesantren Salaf
Authors: Nurdin Ali , Syahrotin Naqqiyah Maulidatus
Published: June 2020

Nahdlatul Ulama adalah salah satu organisasi Islam terbesar di Indonesia yang memiliki dan mengedepankan prinsip tawasut} (moderat). Pondok Pesantren Salaf Al-Anwar merupakan salah satu pondok pesantren berbasis paham Nahdlatul Ulama’ dan menganut ajaran Ahl as-sunnah wa al-Jama>ah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan model moderasi beragama yang dikembangkan dan diimplementasikan Pondok Pesantren Salaf Al-Anwar, Sarang, Rembang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis deskriptif-kualitatif  dengan data penelitian yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan informan dan hasil pengamatan. Hasil penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bahwa model moderasi beragama yang dilakukan di Pondok Pesantren Al-Anwar adalah model penerapan sistem pendidikan dengan berbasis kurikulum salafi dengan materi pesan berbasis pada kitab-kitab tura>th. Model ini merupakan salah satu media yang efektif  dalam menanamkan sikap moderat bagi para santri dan masyarakat. Kiai sebagai pewaris perjuangan para ulama’ memiliki kredibilitas yang kuat dalam menanamkan sikap moderat bagi para santri dan masyarakat.  Implementasi moderasi beragama di pesantren dapat dilakukan melalui sikap dan perilaku santri yang selalu berpedoman pada dua prinsip pemikiran yang telah ditanamkan dan dikembangkan di pesantren, yaitu; pertama, santri harus memiliki keilmuan khusus sebagai bekal untuk dirinya sendiri dan ilmu umum untuk menghadapi masyarakatnya. Kedua, santri dalam menyelesaikan problema masyarakat dan bangsa harus selalu merujuk kepada empat pilar bangsa, yang disingkat PBNU, yaitu; Pancasila, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI), dan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945
Review of sources of financing social innovations
Authors: Kołodziej-Hajdo Marta
Published: June 2020

The aim of the chapter is to present currently available as well as the potential sources of financing for social innovations. The method of desk research was used in the work, also a review of published prior research, internet resources and analytical reports. The conducted research indicates that the key factor of successful social innovation financing should be the extension of both financing instruments and the respective regulations. The conclusions refer primarily to the application of innovative financing instruments and the development of cross-sectoral cooperation.
Haste intramedular de fíbula nas fraturas maleolares do tornozelo - técnica cirúrgica e revisão da literatura
Authors: Giordano Vincenzo , Giannoudis Peter V , Boni Guilherme , Pires Robinson Esteves , Fukuyama Junji Miller , Godoy-Santos Alexandre Leme , Koch Hilton Augusto
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Nosso objetivo é descrever a técnica de fixação intramedular (IM) da fíbula no tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas maleolares do tornozelo. A redução é realizada sempre de forma percutânea: quando o traço de fratura é oblíquo simples, utilizamos uma pinça de redução de pontas e quando a fratura apresenta padrão multifragmentar, usa-se tração longitudinal e rotação. Isso reduz as complicações relacionadas à redução aberta e fixação interna com placa. A técnica demonstrou ser simples e reprodutível. Além disso, essa forma de fixação permite apoio precoce do peso corporal, o que acelera o processo de reabilitação e potencialmente acelera a cicatrização da fratura. A fixação IM da fíbula mostrou-se uma opção viável para a fixação do maléolo lateral nas fraturas do tornozelo, devendo ser considerada no arsenal do cirurgião.
Por uma Moeda Parcialmente Conversível: Uma Crítica a Arida e Bacha
Authors: OREIRO JOSÉ LUÍS , PAULA LUIZ FERNANDO DE , SILVA GUILHERME JONAS C. DA
Published: June 2020

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma avaliação crítica da hipótese de Arida-Bacha de que um prêmio de alto risco sobre a dívida externa e interna brasileira é consequência da conversibilidade limitada da conta de capital brasileira. Argumenta-se no presente trabalho que esta hipótese não é fundamentada nem em bases teóricas ou empíricas. A literatura teórica de conversibilidade da conta de capital não estabelece relação entre os controles de capital e o prêmio de risco sobre a dívida interna ou externa. A experiência recente da economia brasileira mostra que as taxas de juros reais ainda são muito altas, apesar da crescente liberalização da conta de capital. Testes econométricos envolvendo o prêmio de risco sobre a dívida externa brasileira e os índices de liberalização da conta de capital desenvolvidos por Cardoso e Goldfjan (1998) mostram que essas variáveis não cointegram. Assim, não é possível estabelecer a existência de uma relação de longo prazo entre a liberalização da conta de capital e o prêmio de risco, como seria de se esperar se a hipótese de Arida-Bacha estivesse correta.
Topografia e morfometria do timo em aves (Gallus gallus domesticus) da linhagem Ross 308 AP (AP95)
Authors: Freitas Adriana Garcia de , Pereira Cheston Cesar Honorato , Calábria Kênia Cristina , Silva Marina Carla Bezerra da , Silva Frederico Ozanam Carneiro e
Published: June 2020

Resumo Objetivou-se descrever a topografia e morfometria do timo em 30 aves domésticas da linhagem Ross 308 AP (AP95), 15 machos e 15 fêmeas, com idade de 14 a 16 semanas e massa corporal média de 2,1 kg e 1,7 kg, respectivamente nos machos e fêmeas. Após a fixação em solução aquosa de formol a 10%, as peças foram dissecadas. Os lobos tímicos localizavam-se desde o terço cranial do pescoço até os ossos claviculares, de forma linear, longitudinal e lateralmente no pescoço, paralelos ao nervo vago, veia jugular externa e artéria comum do nervo vago. Os lobos apresentaram formatos ovalados e triangulares e o número foi de quatro a oito. Agrupando os lobos de acordo com a localização no pescoço, nos terços cranial, médio e caudal, as médias de comprimento x largura x espessura variaram, nessa ordem, de 1,93 a 52,1 mm, 0,98 a 23,15 mm e 0,32 a 8,52 mm. O timo das aves AP95 apresentou características topográficas e morfológicas similares àquelas de outras linhagens, porém, quanto à morfometria, foram observadas características singulares.
Effects of supplementation with combination of polyunsaturated oils in diet of horses in maintenance and during marcha training
Authors: Sá Ana Isabela Alves Diniz e , Melo Stephânia Katurchi Mendes , Manso Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro , Manso Filho Helio Cordeiro
Published: June 2020

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with polyunsaturated oil on lipid and mineral blood biomarkers in two different groups of horses. Was used 6 healthy horses in maintenance (MT-g) and 10 healthy horses in marcha gait training (GT-g). The MT-g and the GT-g received 100mL and 300mL/day/animal of combination of polyunsaturated oils, respectively, during 8 weeks. Blood was collected in pre-test and after 4 and 8 weeks, after overnight fasting and it was measured: total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, NEFA, LPS, glycerol, Ca, P, Mg, and Cl. The supplementation produced significant increase in NEFA and reduction in lipase in both groups. In addition, the LPS content in both groups had a large decrease (~35%) from the pre-test to the 8th week of supplementation. In the MT-g, the LDL cholesterol and glycerol increased significantly after 4 weeks but returned to the pre-test levels after 8 weeks, and the triglyceride content decreased (~62%) after 4 weeks. The total cholesterol concentration in the GT-g increased after 4 weeks (~70%), but after 8 weeks it decreased to levels similar to those observed in the pre-test. The mineral biomarkers increased in the MT-g and GT-g, after 8 weeks. In the MT-g and in the GT-g, Ca decreased. In conclusion, supplementation with a combination of polyunsaturated oils increased NEFA concentration and reduced LPS activity in both groups, unlike the concentrations of the other biomarkers that showed different variations between groups, indicating that both NEFA and LPS the changes in their concentrations during supplementation may be more sensitive and more indicated for these types of evaluation. In addition, some blood mineral concentrations reduced significantly in both groups of horses, and thus, they need to be evaluated in horses under chronic oil supplementation
Leaf blade area estimate of Digitaria pentzii under different cutting Heights
Authors: Bezerra Raul Caco Alves , Leite Mauricio Luiz de Mello Vieira , Almeida Mirna Clarissa Rodrigues de , Lucena Leandro Ricardo Rodrigues de , Simões Vicente José Laamon Pinto , Sales Aldo Torres
Published: June 2020

Abstract Pasture studies require information on leaf area, as it is one of the main parameters for evaluation of plant growth. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate the leaf blade area of pangolão grass (Digitaria pentzii Stent.) using non-destructive methods by regression model analysis. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with three cutting heights (10, 15, and 20 cm) and four replications. Three hundred leaf blades of pangolão grass were randomly collected, and their respective lengths (L) and widths (W) determined using a digital caliper. The leaf blade area of pangolão grass was estimated by the gravimetric method, using linear and power regression models to explain the leaf blade area as a function of the product of L and maximum W. The real leaf blade area presented an average value of 18.64 cm2, ranging from 4.29 to 45.95 cm2. The leaf blade area of pangolão grass, regardless of cutting height, was estimated with greater accuracy by the power model. The power model, Ŷ=LW1.007, can be used to estimate the leaf blade area of pangolão grass based on leaf blade L and W values.
Co-treatment of wounds in rabbit skin with equine platelet-rich plasma and a commercial ointment accelerates healing
Authors: Rezende Rodrigo Supranzetti de , Eurides Duvaldo , Alves Endrigo Gabelline Leonel , Venturini Guilherme Costa , Felipe Rodrigo Lopes de
Published: June 2020

Abstract Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is beneficial in the healing process of reconstructive surgeries, contributing to the stimulation of angiogenesis; however, heterologous plasma has been shown to be more effective. The objective of this study was to verify, by macro- and microscopic evaluation, whether PRP accelerates the healing process as compared to a commercial ointment containing gentamicin, sulfanilamide, sulfadiazine, urea, and vitamin A (study ointment). This study used 24 white New Zealand rabbits, aged 12 months, and each weighing approximately 3 kg. The animals were separated into 4 equal groups and underwent wound induction through skin removal in the thoracic (study wound) and lumbar (control wound) dorsal midline. Study wounds were co-treated with equine PRP and the study ointment. Control wounds were treated with only the study ointment. Group I underwent histological evaluation 3 days after the skin removal procedure, group II after 7 days, group III after 14 days, and group IV after 21 days. A skin fragment was collected from each animal for histological evaluation. The co-treatment with heterologous equine PRP and the study ointment accelerated the healing process in the surgically induced skin wounds, confirming the acceleratory effect of PRP on wound healing.
Parkinson’s disease: coping and coexistence
Authors: Valcarenghi Rafaela Vivian , Alvarez Angela Maria , Nunes Simony Fabíola Lopes , Hammerschimidt Karina Silveira de Almeida , Costa Maria Fernanda Baeta Neves Alonso da , Siewert Josiane Steil
Published: June 2020

Abstract Objective: To know the ways of coping when living with Parkinson’s disease. Method: The methodological framework used was the Grounded Theory. Thirty people diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease registered at the Parkinson Santa Catarina Association, SC, Brazil. participated in the in-depth interview. After the data coding process, five people with the disease validated the findings. Data collection took place between September 2013 to April 2014. Results: The categories that emerged were: Share activities with people with Parkinson’s disease; Have family support; Seek healthy living: activities for self-esteem and quality of life. Discussion: The study highlights the importance of family company in promoting patient stability and self-esteem, where family support helps in coping with the health condition. Conclusion: It was possible to know the ways of coping to live with the disease, especially in sharing experiences with peers; family support, leisure activities, and lifestyle changes; Such characteristics are pertinent to the health care of people with neurodegenerative diseases.
Os Temores na Formação e Prática da Medicina: Aspectos Psicológicos
Authors: Castro Fabrício Cavion
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Estuda-se a formação médica no Brasil e no mundo, procurando-se abordar alguns aspectos desde as origens deste profissional até a visão atual da atividade. O desenvolvimento psíquico do estudante e a fase do ciclo vital em que se encontra são realçados, a fim de adequar as motivações que o levam à procura da profissão num contexto de estruturação pessoal da personalidade, considerando-se, contudo, a expressão da formação médica vigente que atua em seus conflitos, dificuldades e aspirações essenciais. Apresenta-se a figura do médico, abordando sua representação e relação de seu simbolismo na evitação do ser humano frente à morte. São discutidas as expectativas culturais e sociais. Por fim, são pontuados os currículos atuais questionando-se sua composição e as modificações já consideradas e aplicadas. Sugere-se um equilíbrio psicoemocional e ambiental do educando como objetivo de ensino, a fim de reduzir nele os fatores de ansiedade que caracterizam seu contato com os próprios temores.
Academética: Um Novo Método de Estudo Continuado sobre Ética Médica e Bioética
Authors: Athanazio Rodrigo Abensur , Lemos Kleuber Moreira , Fonseca Dayanne Costa , Cunha Monaliza Santos da , Braghiroli Maria Ignez F. Melro , Almeida Alessandro de Moura , Nuñez Geila Ribeiro , Ramos Ana Cláudia Nogueira , Barbetta Marcelo Campos , Bitencourt Almir Galvão , Lordelo Marina da Rocha , Rocha Ivana Maria , Soares Alana Santos , Neves Nedy Cerqueira , Nery Filho Antônio
Published: June 2020

Resumo: A consciência de que a prática médica deve estar fundamentada na postura ética dos profissionais leva à crescente importância de um ensino de ética continuado e aprofundado, que ressalte os valores morais e humanos e o comprometimento social dos estudantes. Buscando adequar-se a esse novo paradigma, estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Bahia aceitaram a sugestão da criação, em novembro de 2000, de um grupo denominado Academética - Associação de Acadêmicos para o Estudo da Ética Médica e Bioética. Os objetivos traçados pela equipe são: continuar o contato com o conteúdo da disciplina Ética Médica, aprofundando e atualizando as discussões acerca de Ética Médica e Bioética, e desenvolver trabalhos ligados a este assunto. As discussões de temas são realizadas através do estudo de artigos, vídeos e estímulo à partidpação dos estudantes em congressos, palestras e afins. Desta forma, a Academética se constitui em mais uma ferramenta para que os alunos durante a graduação na faculdade de Medicina possam desenvolver o senso crítico e conhecimento acerca de assuntos que englobem a Ética Médica e Bioétia.
Bioquímica como Disciplina Básica em Medicina: Esquemas e Soluções de Problemas
Authors: Beckhause Patrícia Fernanda , Almeida Elzira Maria de , Zeni Ana Lúcia Bertarello
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Nos últimos 50 anos a grade curricular dos cursos de Medicina tem permanecido fundamentalmente inalterada. A manutenção dessa estrutura curricular, bem como a metodologia de ensino, e apenas uma forma de atingir os objetivos da formação do profissional médico.1 Numa visão simplista, os alunos, motivados por uma ansiedade natural, são envolvidos num ambiente onde as disciplinas do ciclo básico, distanciadas da realidade da prática médica, são uma moratória à espera do amadurecimento do aluno2. Nesse contexto, as disciplinas básicas se desvinculam das do ciclo profissionalizante, de forma a interferir com as motivações dos alunos ingressantes e também dos professores do ciclo básico. Este artigo tem a finalidade de avaliar o grau de importância atribuído por alunos a uma disciplina do ciclo básico do curso de Medicina e o nível de aprendizagem e entendimento, sendo que esta disciplina é oferecida logo após o primeiro semestre de Bioquímica no curso de Medicina na Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB).
As Motivações dos Médicos para a Especialização em Homeopatia
Authors: Salles Sandra Abrahão Chaim
Published: June 2020

Resumo: A Homeopatia é uma prática médica que tem se expandido nos setores público e privado de assistência médica de nosso pais. Pouco se sabe sobre o perfil deste profissional e sobre as características de sua prático. Em 1998 iniciou-se o projeto Perfil do Médico Homeopata. Este trabalho apresenta parte dos resultados obtidos neste projeto, que procurou investigar: as razões que levam o médico a buscar a especialização em Homeopatia; aspectos do ato médico incorporados ou modificados após a realização do curso de especialização em Homeopatia e a relação profissional entre o homeopata e outros médicos não homeopatas. Foram utilizados questionários semiestruturados que foram aplicados, na primeira fase a uma amostra casual simples, estratificada por estados, de 110 médicos homeopatas formados entre 1988 e 1998 presentes ao Congresso Brasileiro de Homeopatia de 1998. Na segunda fase questionário semelhante foi enviado por cinco diferentes instituições de ensino de Homeopatia a todos os seus formados no mesmo período, resultando em amostra de 285 médicos que responderam ao questionário enviado. A terceira fase buscou esclarecer e aprofundar, através de entrevistas a onze homeopatas selecionados, aspectos sugeridos pelas fases anteriores. Os resultados aqui apresentados mostram que os médicos buscam a Homeopatia por diversas razões, onde se destacam a insatisfação com os resultados que obtém na sua prática médica, com o tipo de abordagem do doente e da doença que ela lhe propõe e com a falta de recursos para lidar com determinadas queixas; outras razões são a busca de uma medicina que considere o indivíduo em sua totalidade e o fato de terem observado em familiares, pacientes ou em si mesmo, resultados positivos com a Homeopatia.
Fatores que Orientam a Escolha do Curso Médico
Authors: Azevedo Arelusa Guedes de , Tollendal Carolina Brasil , Nogueira Diana das Graças , Bartels Fernanda de Paula , Paula Fernando Castro de , raldo F ranciane Maria Marzano Be
Published: June 2020

Resumo: A escolha pela carreira médica é determinada por vários fatores e vem sendo pesquisada e discutida em muitas escolas médicas. Já em 1951, iniciou-se a abordagem sobre vocação médica e até hoje são diversas e controversas as opiniões dos estudiosos. Ana Mercês Bock afirma que a ideia de vocação é exatamente não ter vocação nenhuma. Entretanto, o jornalista Alexandre Garcia descreve que a carreira médica é uma vocação para super-homem. “Quem tiver vocação para super-homem, vira médico”. Existem fatores determinantes antes de ingressar na faculdade e os fatores que orientam o estudante durante o curso médico a decidir-se por ser médico. Assim, uma família de médicos; círculo de amizades; matérias preferenciais no colégio, como biologia; fatores psicológicos, por exemplo, ter enfrentado problemas e situações infantis. Direcionam o adolescente pela escolha da Medicina.
Phase I Study of Ramucirumab Plus Merestinib in Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Safety, Preliminary Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetic Findings
Authors: Saleh Mansoor , Cassier Philippe A. , Eberst Lauriane , Naik Gurudatta , Morris Van K. , Pant Shubham , Terret Catherine , Gao Ling , Long Amanda , Mao Huzhang , McNeely Samuel , Wagner Erin K. , Carlesi Roberto M. , Fu Siqing
Published: June 2020

Trial Information

Click here to access other published clinical trials.

Lessons Learned

The combination of the antivascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 monoclonal antibody, ramucirumab, and the type II MET kinase inhibitor, merestinib, is tolerable. Preliminary efficacy data suggest that the combination may provide clinical benefit to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Further development of this combination would likely necessitate the identification of subsets of patients with mCRC where the clinical benefit is of clinical relevance.

Background

This study evaluated safety, preliminary efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of ramucirumab plus merestinib in patients with MCR previously treated with oxaliplatin and/or irinotecan.

Methods

Open-label phase Ia/b study comprising 3+3 dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) observation and expansion parts. Treatment was ramucirumab 8 mg/kg on days 1 and 15 and merestinib 80 mg once daily (QD; 28-day cycle). Primary objective was safety and tolerability. Secondary objectives were pharmacokinetics and preliminary antitumor activity. Exploratory objective was biomarker associations.

Results

Safety findings: DLT (proteinuria) of 7 phase Ia patients (the expansion part started at the initial recommended dose level); 16 patients (70%) with grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs); 10 patients (43%) with grade ≥3 treatment-related TEAEs. The most common grade ≥3 treatment-related TEAEs were fatigue (4 patients [17%]) and increased blood alkaline phosphatase, diarrhea, and hypertension (2 patients each [9%]). One patient discontinued treatment because of cholestatic hepatitis. Geometric mean trough concentrations at cycle 1, day 15, were ramucirumab, 24.8 μg/mL; merestinib, 130 ng/mL. No complete or partial response was seen; 12 patients (52%) achieved stable disease. Median progression-free survival was 3.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6–4.4). Median overall survival was 8.9 months (95% CI: 3.5–12.7). There were no associations between genetic alterations and efficacy.

Conclusion

Ramucirumab plus merestinib is tolerable and may have clinical benefit in biomarker-unselected, heavily pretreated patients with mCRC.
Visibility and impact of the Cuban dental scientific output, Scopus 1995-2017
Authors:   Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma. Hospital General Universitario ", Corrales-Reyes Ibraín Enrique ,   Carlos Manuel de Céspedes",   . Granma, Cuba., Fornaris-Cedeño Yasmany ,   Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Manuel Fajardo". La Habana, Cuba.| Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía. La Habana, Cuba., Dorta-Contreras Alberto Juan ,   Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Dr. Miguel Enríquez. Laboratorio Central del Líquido Cefalorraquídeo (LABCEL). La Habana, Cuba., Pacheco-Mendoza Josmel ,   Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola. Unidad de Investigación en Bibliometría. Lima, Perú.
Published: June 2020

Aim: To identify the differences between Cuban scientific research published in highly visible journals and the rest of the national dental scientific output. Materials and Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using 1995-2017 data from the Scopus data-base. The following search strategy was used: country (Cuba), subject area (dentistry), publication source (Journals), article type (Original Research, Review Article). Bibliometric indicators of output, visibility, leadership, collaboration and impact were examined. Result: 521 articles were published in 21 Journals, of which 20 are international and 13 are within the first quartile (Q1), led by Clinical Oral Implants Research. There was a prevalence of Spanish language publications, without collaboration, and in Revista Cubana de Estomatología. The Cuban scientific leadership significantly diminishes in the journals located in the highest visibility quartile (Q1) (p=0.0144). The high dependency of citation-based indicators, as well as international collaboration, in rela-tion to the journals’ quartile, was confirmed. Conclusion: The national scientific output in first quartile journals that has the biggest influence on the scientific international community is dependent on international collaboration to reach high levels of visibility and impact, and the national scientific output is not still able to systematically generate research that impacts in a significant way the scientific international community.
Is the Dawn of the Robot Lawyer upon us? The Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Future of Lawyers
Authors: Gravett Willem Hendrik
Published: June 2020

The practice of law has been largely shielded from technological developments in the course of the past 50 years. While the ways in which legal professionals process and share information have evolved with new technologies — primarily with the emergence of personal computers, email and the internet — these technologies have not fundamentally transformed it. However, if media reports are to be believed, advances in technology in general — and the field known as "Artificial Intelligence" (AI) in particular — are on lawyers' doorsteps, and the legal industry is on the cusp of radical change. Fuelled by big data, increased computing power and more effective algorithms, AI has the potential to fundamentally transform the way in which legal work is done, the way in which law firms conduct business, and the way in which lawyers deal with clients. A number of technologies that fall under the AI umbrella, such as machine learning, natural language processing, deep learning and others, have already brought about the automation of many tasks that were, until recently, performed exclusively by humans because they required human intelligence. AI systems can also be used to perform many tasks that lawyers routinely perform, such as contract analysis, case prediction and e-discovery. And, according to proponents, these emerging technologies can do it cheaper, faster and more efficiently. This contribution examines the notion that recent advances in technology will "disrupt" the legal profession. It first describes the astonishing advances in technological progress, especially the recent rise of AI. It then considers the technologies and areas of legal practice most susceptible to this disruption. It concludes by envisaging what AI might mean for the legal profession, and how current technological trends might, in a relatively short period of time, transform the way in which legal services are delivered.
THE ORNITHOLOGICAL CONCEIT SPHERE IN ETHNOGRAPHY AND LITERATURE (based on the work “The Worldview of Ukrainian People” by I. Nechyi-Levyts’ky and poems by Vasyl’ Holoborod’ko)
Authors: Naumenko Nataliia
Published: June 2020

The author of this article analyses the lyric poems by Vasyl Holoborod’ko published in 1999 and 2013 as the artistic principles to actualize the theoretical statements of Ivan Nechyi-Levyts’ky, displayed in the work The Worldview of Ukrainian People. The relevance of this article is conditioned by the need to thoroughly study the ethnographical treatises scrutinized to contemporary literary works, in order to widen the paradigm of novel literary analysis, particularly comparative. Therefore, the objectives of this article are to show the ways of the writers to reveal the interaction between man and nature, particularly using the animalistic (ornithological first of all) imagery. The base for this research is I. Nechui-Levyts’ky’s work The Worldview of Ukrainian People as well as lyrical cycles Ukrainian Birds in Ukrainian Landscape (excerpted from The Words in Needle-pointed Shirts, 1999) and White Indoor Plants (2013).

The studies of Holoborod’ko’s verses with a bird for the standing-out image through the prism of ‘The Worlview…’ by Nechui-Levyts’ky showed the following. The interpretation of a folklore image is similar for both writers, and each of them would be free to choose the proper verbal form to embody it, should it be a scientific work or a rhymed narration. The different massifs of lexica (common words, terms, dialectal words, archaisms, onomatopoeias, neologisms) organically coexist in Holoborod’ko’s lyrics as the elements of a special artistic idiolect to create the unique ornithomorphic thesaurus (as T. Pastukh defined it) in every verse. What is the most important, this kind of lyrics is an evidence of re-creation of the unity between man and nature with a help of word, especially its internal form; I. Nechui-Levyts’ky tended to call it ‘pantheism.’ This fact opens the perspectives for further comparative studies of theoretical and artistic masterpieces within the framework of mutual complementation and enrichment of stylistic paradigms revealed in them.
ORIENTAL DISCOURSE OF I.S. NECHUY-LEVYTSKY
Authors: Hrytsyk Lyudmyla
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the "oriental" works of I. Nechuy-Levytsky in which the
author comprehends the peculiarities of cultural types, Arabic, Hindu, Chinese,
focuses on what is common and different about them; the factors identified by the author
as the most important in models of cultural types (religious, geopolitical, historical,
cultural, etc.) are traced. In this aspect the works of I. Nechuy-Levytsky are analysed, in
particular fairy tale "The Two Brothers", Hindu legend "Offended and Not Offended", as
well as the Chinese section of the treatise "Ukrainians on literary summons with Moscow"
which is regarded as the first essay in the history of ancient Chinese literature in Ukraine.
The role of I. Nechuy-Levytsky in the development of academic and artistic types
of orientalism is shown.
REALISM AND MYTHOLOGY IN IVAN NECHUY-LEVYTSKY’S OEUVRE (based on the story “Starosvitski Batiushky ta Matushky”)
Authors: Zhukovska Halyna
Published: June 2020

The article covers the features of the artistic embodiment of the mythological (biblical and antique) motifs and images in the story-chronicle of Ivan Nechuy Levytsky “Old-World fathers and mothers”, the foundations of mythology in the artistic text, the relations between mythology and realism are investigated. It is noted that Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky as a master of realistic prose in his work truly reproduces the daily life and life of the peasants of the Bohuslav region of the first half of the nineteenth century. Mainly focusing on the artistic modeling of the images of two priests – Khariton Mossakovsky and Mark Balabukh and the descriptions of the lives of their families, the author details internal (desire, thought, dreams, feelings) and the external existence of peasants, who are actively involved in social processes. It is proved that the use of mythological images and motifs in the narrative structure of a realistic story becomes a vivid means of disclosing a character or a life situation. Mythologism ornaments a realistic work, fills with vivid colors, deepens the emotional and narrative background, enriches the text.
RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGE OF REZEKNE ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Ceriņa Sandra
Published: June 2020

Creating the image of an educational institution and promoting it in society highlights the positive in the educational establishment itself and in the activities of educators, thereby encouraging the recruitment of students to the educational establishment. In comparison to other Latvia higher education institutions, Rezekne Academy of Technologies is rated lower than other universities because it is not in the capital, therefore students choose to study in higher education institutions of the capital. The author of the study researched Latvian inhabitant opinions about the image of Rezekne Academy of Technologies and concluded that the academy should work on improving and promoting its image at the academy's premises, outing and on social networks to attract students. Research used the survey of Latvian population and compilation of literature sources.
THE REGIONAL SYSTEM OF QUALIFICATIONS: FUNCTION IN THE TOURISM AND LOGISTIC INDUSTRY
Authors: Andreyanova Inna , Rozhkova Anna
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the research is to identify the functioning role of the regional system of qualifications through the features of the development of relevant professions system in tourism and logistics industry within the digital economy field. The problem of research is associated with contradictions in the regional labor market due to low demand for former professions as well as the devaluation of the educational system because of the lack of technology in the process of educative and other alternative platforms and profiled sites development. The novelty of the research is in the application of the institutional approach of the strategic model of interaction for the implementation of professional standards in the actualization of qualifications in the labor market as well as employment by means of design and professional examination sites. The main conclusions of the research are expressed by the fact that the model of interaction of the three forces in the implementation of the institutional approach to the development of the regional system of qualifications as a tool for modifying the economic and labor potential of the Pskov region is presented on the principles of competitive advantage including the working out, modification and implementation of educational programs in the tourism area.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NET SALARY UNDER LATVIAN AND LITHUANIAN TAX LEGISLATION
Authors: Lukša Sņežana
Published: June 2020

Wages are remuneration for the use of human labour at a given time, it is a social guarantee for the well-being of people, and each worker has a significant net salary on hand, formed by applying labour taxes to gross wages. In Latvia, the tax system is constantly changing, such changes have a negative impact on economic outcomes and citizens' incomes, because labour tax rates remain relatively high, the tax burden for minimum wage recipients is high and they cannot fully benefit from tax incentives. The study carried out a theoretical description of net salary, calculated and compared the impact of labor taxes on the net salary size of the worker in Latvia and Lithuania.
NICHE MARKET
Authors: Volkov Ilya
Published: June 2020

This article examines the definition of the term 'niche market' particularly in how to find a niche and make it your own. It argues definition of niche and that in order to progress in this field, there needs to be a clearer understanding of the objectives. After examining current theory and definitions, the article uses the examples of niche market's companies as case studies to explore current thinking around niche market. The author suggests possible ways for development of the niche market in the future. The article gives a comprehensive and clear idea of the current understanding of niche market. This article will be useful in my own research as I develop a clear theoretical framework to improve policy of niche market's companies and possible ways of framing niche market's situation for the future.
THE DECISIONS OF THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY ARE ACCEPTED WITHOUT HOLDING THE SHAREHOLDERS MEETING
Authors: Aleksejevs Sergejs
Published: June 2020

The Commercial Law sets out precisely the issues, the decision of which is only within the competence of the shareholders' meeting. By contrast, Article 215 of the Commercial Law grants participants the right to make decisions without convening a meeting of participants. What was the aim of the legislator in granting such rights to a member of the company? Another legal instrument was created for the decision of the participants, when the convening of the meeting of the participants is not mandatory and necessary. However, was there really a mechanism for assisting participants in decision-making when there was a need for a quick qualitative decision? This problem undoubtedly requires an in-depth additional study.
CRIMINAL AND CRIMINAL NATURE OF BRIBERY
Authors: Gibala-Lesiņa Valda
Published: June 2020

Bribery is one form of corruption. It is a socio-political problem that has a devastating effect on public administration and on the development of society. The aim of the work is to provide a concept of bribery, criminal and criminal characterization. To look at the problems and specificities of the bribery qualification by studying the current trends of the case-law. Research methods have been used in the work - analysis and comparison of Latvian and foreign literature. Analysis of investigations and case-law. By making their generalisations and conclusions.
CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES AGAINST INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS UNDER THE LEGISLATION OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Kjakšta Juna
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the issues of criminal law ensuring the protection of intellectual property in some European countries. The author explores the European legislation on responsibility for violation of intellectual rights. Special attention is paid to the structure of legal regulation of criminal liability for these offenses. Active integration of Latvia into the world community, joining the World Trade Organization, joining the relevant international agreements in this regard, forces the intellectual property protection issues to be oriented towards developed European countries. When looking for positive law enforcement practice, it is necessary to analyse national legal provisions that have a wealth of experience in combating intellectual property violations and are members of the TRIPS Agreement. In this context, it seems appropriate to refer to the legislation of other European countries that have a wealth of experience in dealing with encroachments on intellectual property.
INITIATION OF THE CASSATION PROCEDURE IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Laganovska Kristīne
Published: June 2020

On June 14, 2018, the Constitutional Court delivered the judgment in the case no. 2017-23-01 On Compliance of the Second and the Third Part of Section 573 of the Criminal Procedure Law with the First Sentence of Article 92 of the Constitution of the Republic of Latvia. The Constitutional court held to recognise the second and the third part of Section (573) of the Criminal Procedure Law, insofar it provides that the matter on initiating cassation proceedings in criminal procedure is decided by one judge, without providing reasoning for refusal to initiate cassation proceedings in criminal procedure, as being incompatible with the first sentence of Article 92 of the Constitution of the Republic of Latvia. Subsequently, the Criminal Procedure Law was amended and amendments came into force on October 25, 2018. The amendments provide that in order to decide on an issue regarding the initiation of cassation proceedings, cassation complaint or protest shall be examined by three judges. The composition of the court and the time when the court will be decided on the initiation of the cassation proceedings shall be notified to the person who lodged the complaint or protest, as well as to the person whose rights and interests are violated by the complaint or protest.
SIGNIFICANCE AND PECULIARITIES OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA
Authors: Žemčiugov Aleksandr
Published: June 2020

The meaning of the Constitution is significant in our society life given it is the supreme law of the country, regulating the most important relations between the Human Being, the Society and the State. This can be define as an agreement of the society, coordinating different interests. Therefore, in the article, the significance of the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania as well as its peculiarities are analysed. The peculiarities of the Constitution revealed through its mandatory nature for all the entities of the legal relationship, through its stability, the supreme legal power, consistency, consolidation of the fundamental values, etc.
Eczema herpeticum in a child in the first year of life: a clinical case report
Authors: Vahitov H M , Makhmutova A G , Ziyatdinova L M , Pospelov M S
Published: June 2020

This article describes up-to-date information about aetiology and pathogenesis of course of herpetic eczema. The authors highlighted new approaches to diagnosis and therapy of Kaposi varicelliform eruption in children of early age. It was described the results of own observations of the child in the first year of life with Kaposi varicelliform eruption and experience of application-sorption therapy in the treatment of this disease. The high efficiency of application-sorption therapy in skin lesions caused by combination of infection and allergy in children was noted. The clinical case examined allowed to assess the full complexity of differential diagnostic approaches in verification of eczema herpeticum. For a wide range of paediatricians and surgeons, algorithms for diagnosis and therapeutic tactics were described in the case of Kaposi varicelliform eruption.
Risk factors for rebleeding in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding
Authors: Valeev M V , Timerbulatov Sh V
Published: June 2020

Aim. To analyze the results of treatment of patients with ulcerative bleeding, to identify the main risk factors for rebleeding in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding.

Methods. A retrospective analysis of the treatment results of 240 patients with acute peptic ulcer bleeding who were hospitalized in the Beloretsk Central District Hospital from 2008 to 2018 was carried out. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 52 patients with rebleeding, group 2 188 patients in whom rebleeding did not occur.

Results. Rebleeding in patients with peptic ulcer was observed in 21.7% of cases. The surgical rate was 22.9% and mortality 6.3%. Based on the obtained data, rebleeding should recognize as a risk factor for death [odds ratio (OR) 68.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.8 to 539.7; p 0.001]. Surgical treatment for rebleeding had unsatisfactory results (postoperative mortality in group 1 26.8%, in group 2 0). Risk factors for rebleeding in peptic ulcer bleeding include localization of the ulcer on the lesser curvature of the stomach (OR=2.37; 95% CI=1.18 to 4.74) and the posterior wall of the duodenum (OR=3.84; 95% CI=1.69 to 8.73), as well as Forrest type IIA ulcer (OR=2.67; 95% CI=1.55 to 6.48). Forrest IIc and III ulcers reduce the risk of rebleeding (OR=0.24; 95% CI=0.10 to 0.56). It was found that a shock index, a decreased level of total protein and red blood cells, and an increasing level of urea have a statistically significant relationship with rebleeding in peptic ulcer bleeding.

Conclusion. Rebleeding in patients with peptic ulcer is a serious complication of the disease that significantly increases mortality, and predicting the risk of rebleeding is one of the possible tools that can improve treatment outcomes and reduce mortality.
Experience of the laparoscopic-assisted stoma creation use in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Brezhnev D G , Khvostovoi V V , Frolova O G , Moskalev A S , Makhova O Yu
Published: June 2020

Aim. To demonstrate the advantages of laparoscopic surgery in patients with colorectal cancer compared to traditional surgical intervention.

Methods. A retrospective analysis of 40 patients treatment (the main group) in the Department of abdominal Oncology of the Kursk Regional Oncology Center for the period 20172019, who had a pronounced violation of the passage through the intestine due to stenosing by the tumour, was conducted. As a control group, 30 people who underwent open surgery in the volume of a colostomy for the period 20172019 was taken.

Results. According to the average duration of surgical intervention, the groups significantly differed (p 0.05), the average duration of surgery in the laparoscopic group was less 40.513.6 min, with laparotomy 54.518.5 min. The volume of blood loss during the operation was greater in the control group and reached 7540 ml against, 10.55.5 ml the differences were statistically significant (p 0.05). The average length of stay in hospital in the laparoscopic group was 41 days, which is significantly less than in patients who underwent laparotomy 114 days (p 0.05). Postoperative complications occurred in 10% of patients in the control group: seroma of the median wound in 2 patients, ligature fistula in 1 patient. There were no postoperative fatalities in both groups.

Conclusion. The comparison of methods of surgical intervention showed that the results of laparoscopic operations are much better than traditional open operations in patients with colorectal cancer since they significantly reduce the duration of the rehabilitation period, accompanied by minor blood loss.
Syrinx
Authors: Ward Tessy
Published: June 2020

Syrinx is a collection of poems addressing one speaker’s experience with chronic
illness and pain, and her identification with the disabled community. The manuscript
articulates the pressure to uphold societal norms while combating disability stigmas.
The poems investigate the grieving of one’s own body as it fails the mind, and the
constant struggle to maintain relationships with others.