bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA (CONTRA A MULHER) NO BRASIL EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA (COVID-19)
Authors: Maciel Maria Angélica Lacerda , Dos Santos Maria Cecília Bonfim , Cruz Marli Braga , Lira Maria Gabriela Cardoso , De Almeida João Aristides Tomaz , De Souza Carlos Alberto Costa , De Lacerda Filho Elias Cosme , Paiva Felipe José Lima , Pereira Gabriel Da Silva , Alves Matheus Gomes Lins
Published: July 2020

A pandemia da Covid-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019), causada pelo corona vírus (SARS-CoV-2) já registra casos em quase todo o mundo. A Covid-19 é uma doença respiratória de alto potencial de contágio. Diante desse quadro de ameaça à saúde global, governos têm adotado diversas medidas, dentre elas o isolamento social, apontado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) como uma das estratégias mais eficazes na contenção da propagação viral. O isolamento consiste na manutenção das pessoas em suas residências. Porém, enquanto para alguns o isolamento representa proteção diante da Covid-19, para outras populações tal situação se configura como ameaça, como nos casos de violência doméstica. Tal tipo de violência se configura como um fenômeno complexo que pode atingir diferentes populações (crianças, mulheres, idosos). Em razão disso, no presente trabalho discutiremos sobre a violência que atinge as mulheres. Autoridades especializadas têm alertado para o aumento no número de casos de violência doméstica durante a pandemia. O objetivo do presente trabalho é discutir estratégias de enfrentamento à violência contra a mulher em situações de isolamento social por conta da pandemia. Discute-se desde a atuação conjunta de órgãos que visem assegurar a integridade física e psicológica, até possíveis contribuições da Análise do Comportamento para tais estratégias, reforçando o compromisso político do (a) analista do comportamento diante de questões sociais relevantes. Esperamos que as discussões levantadas no presente trabalho possam auxiliar no planejamento de medidas protetivas que, se eficazes, permaneçam após a pandemia.Palavras-chave: Análise do Comportamento; Violência Doméstica; Pandemia; Covid-19.
SERVIÇO EM ABA PARA INDIVÍDUOS COM TEA: CONTINUAR O SERVIÇO PRESENCIAL EM TEMPOS DE COVID-19?
Authors: Canovas Daniela De Souza , Da Cruz Maria Tereza Monteiro , De Andrade Maria America Coimbra
Published: July 2020

A prestação de serviço em Análise do Comportamento Aplicada (ABA), para indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e outros transtornos do desenvolvimento, consiste em um serviço de atendimento presencial realizado por um aplicador, em geral envolvendo atendimento individualizado (1:1), em uma carga horária semanal elevada (em geral 20 a 40 horas semanais). O TEA é considerado como um espectro amplo, que inclui casos leves, moderados até casos severos, que apresentam maior gravidade do transtorno e inclusive podem envolver comportamentos de risco (agressivos e/ou autolesivos). Por esse motivo, os atendimentos têm uma importância grande para os indivíduos quanto ao desenvolvimento de habilidades e diminuição de comportamentos-problema. Dessa forma, no cenário atual, diante da pandemia de COVID-19 e das recomendações de órgãos de saúde e governamentais para realizar isolamento social, os analistas do comportamento que prestam esse serviço se encontram diante de um dilema ético em relação a continuar ou não os serviços presenciais. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de realizar uma análise de risco versus benefício e propor um processo de tomada de decisão para o analista do comportamento (com relação a continuar ou não os serviços presenciais), baseada em: 1. Literatura científica e recursos disponíveis na área para os profissionais, incluindo documentos disponíveis no Brasil e no exterior; 2. Análise de riscos versus benefício caso a caso; 3. Variáveis importantes do contexto e realidade brasileiros; 4. Experiência clínica na área de prestação de serviços para indivíduos com TEA.Palavras-chave: Análise do Comportamento Aplicada (ABA); prestação de serviços; ética; COVID-19; Transtorno do Espectro Autista.
Empleo del preparado 114 T.E. como abreviador del parto
Authors: Gómez Palacino Jesús Alberto , Sánchez Torres Fernando
Published: July 2020

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en 100 casos obstétricos correspondientes a pacientes en trabajo de parto, la mitad de las cuales recibieron la droga en experimentación clínica (114 T.E.) y la otra mitad recibió placebos. La vía de administración fué siempre la venosa en dosis de 5 mgr. y las pacientes, en igualdad de condiciones, eran normales tanto desde el punto de vista general como en su aspecto obstétrico. Cincuenta de ellas eran primigestantes y cincuenta multigestantes.Se registró la actividad uterina por medio del tocógrafo de Loránd y se utilizaron como parámetros comparativos los tiempos de dilatación cervical a partir de 5 cm. y la duración del período expulsivo; se obtuvo el porcentaje de abreviación.Se observaron además los posibles efectos secundarios sobre la madre y la acción de la medicación sobre el recién nacido.
Nefropatías en el estado grávido-puerperal
Authors: Blank Boris , Flores José H. , Mosquera José E. , Hliba Ernesto , Ortiz Sara , Fenández Marta
Published: July 2020

En una era en que las distancias ya no existen porque las imágenes, los sonidos y los seres humanos se trasladan a velocidades increíbles, la estructura y la dinámica de la comunidad exigen del profesional la capacidad de visualizar y abordar los problemas de salud con criterio integral.
The consensus rye microsatellite map with EST-SSRs transferred from wheat
Authors: Vidakovic D. O. , Perovic D. , Semilet T. V. , Börner A. , Khlestkina E. K.
Published: July 2020

Microsatellite (SSR) markers with known precise intrachromosomal locations are widely used for mapping genes in rye and for the investigation of wheat-rye translocation lines and triticale highly demanded for mapping economically important genes and QTL-analysis. One of the sources of novel SSR markers in rye are microsatellites transferable from the wheat genome. Broadening the list of available SSRs in rye mapped to chromosomes is still needed, since some rye chromosome maps still have just a few microsatellite loci mapped. The goal of the current study was to integrate wheat EST-SSRs into the existing rye genetic maps and to construct a consensus rye microsatellite map. Four rye mapping populations (P87/P105, N6/N2, N7/N2 and N7/N6) were tested with CFE (EST-SSRs) primers. A total of 23 Xcfe loci were mapped on rye chromosomes: Xcfe023, -136 and -266 on chromosome 1R, Xcfe006, -067, -175 and -187 on 2R, Xcfe029 and -282 on 3R, Xcfe004, -100, -152, -224 and -260 on 4R, Xcfe037, -208 and -270 on 5R, Xcfe124, -159 and -277 on 6R, Xcfe010, -143 and -228 on 7R. With the exception of Xcfe159 and Xcfe224, all the Xcfe loci mapped were found in orthologous positions considering multiple evolutionary translocations in the rye genome relative to those of common wheat. The consensus map was constructed using mapping data from the four bi-parental populations. It contains a total of 123 microsatellites, 12 SNPs, 118 RFLPs and 2 isozyme loci.
O CAMINHO DE UMA HISTÓRIA CONTADA: A NARRAÇÃO EM A CASA DA MADRINHA DE LYGIA BOJUNGA
Authors: Soncini Gabriela Regina
Published: July 2020

Apoiando-se nas reflexões de Walter Benjamin (1994), Mikhail Bakhtin (1992), Carlo Ginzburg (2001) e outros, o presente estudo propõe uma leitura de A casa da madrinha, obra escrita em 1978, pela autora brasileira Lygia Bojunga. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o ato de contar histórias que induz o protagonista a buscar a casa mágica e encantada de uma madrinha ausente da narrativa. A análise mostra como o enredo principal engendra a possiblidade de narrativas alternativas e intercomunicantes na obra de Bojunga. Os elementos poéticos e simbólicos presentes em tais narrativas convidam os leitores a imaginar diferentes desfechos para a história.
DROP PAINTING: UM CASO DE INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE NO ENSINO BILÍNGUE
Authors: Vieira Barbosa Isabela , Da Silva Fistarol Caique Fernando
Published: July 2020

Esse artigo visa discutir reflexões sobre a aprendizagem a partir de uma experiência interdisciplinar em uma Escola que possui a organização do currículo a partir do ensino bilíngue. Esta escola trabalha os planejamentos com ênfase na interdisciplinaridade e esta pesquisa pauta-se por meio de um estudo de caso entre os componentes curriculares de Arts e a língua inglesa. Para este estudo de caso, optou-se pela observação das ações decorrentes das atividades de uma sequência didática planejada para duas turmas de primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma Escola da Rede Particular bilíngue de Santa Catarina. A análise dos dados gerados ocorreu por meio da perspectiva histórico-cultural com pressupostos da interdisciplinaridade. Os dados apontam que a sequência didática possibilitou desenvolver práticas pedagógicas que enriqueceram o aprendizado e estímulo em língua inglesa e ampliaram a bagagem cultural dos estudantes. E essas práticas pedagógicas trabalhadas em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar bilíngue possibilitam o ensino integrado, não fragmentado em uma perspectiva de aprendizagem conceitual atrelado ao desenvolvimento linguístico.
MUDANÇAS NA AÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA DO ENSINO MÉDIO PARA PROMOÇÃO DO LETRAMENTO LITERÁRIO.
Authors: Alves dos Santos Rodrigo
Published: July 2020

Quando se trata de discutir ações para a promoção de um letramento que forme, de fato, usuários competentes da língua portuguesa, o ensino médio brasileiro é, sem sombra de dúvidas, um contexto que requer uma reflexão mais apurada, dadas a suas dificuldades de entregar para a sociedade jovens com uma qualificação minimamente desejável para egressos desse nível de formação. Nesse âmbito dos anos finais da educação básica brasileira, mais complexa ainda é a questão da formação do leitor crítico de textos literários desejado pelos discursos oficiais que regulam o ensino de língua materna no país. Ante a esse cenário, o presente ensaio vem refletir sobre as alterações que as novas perspectivas teóricas para o ensino de língua materna impõem ao trato com o texto literário no universo da sala de aula do ensino médio e sobre como tais alterações apontam para a necessidade de que também a ação do professor de língua portuguesa nesse contexto se modifique. Trata-se, aqui, de uma reflexão que vem atender a uma demanda de professores de língua portuguesa dos anos finais da educação básica brasileira que, em vários cursos de formação continuada, sempre questionam sobre que novos direcionamentos podem ser aplicados aos modos de conduzir a abordagem do texto literário junto ao público jovem que o ensino médio brasileiro potencialmente atende.
A ESSÊNCIA LEITORA DO PROFESSOR COMO INFLUÊNCIA PARA A FORMAÇÃO DE ALUNOS LEITORES
Authors: Da Silva Santos Hádrya Jacqueline , Guimarães Morais Solange Santana
Published: July 2020

Este artigo se compromete a destacar o papel do professor na formação leitora dos alunos, principalmente se aquele for um leitor ativo. Sabe-se, portanto, que é no âmbito escolar que a leitura deve ser cada vez mais aprimorada, tendo o docente como ferramenta essencial nesse processo. Além disso, é de suma importância que se avaliem os fatores que muitas vezes impossibilitam a prática e o incentivo à leitura por parte do professor. Assim, para melhor dissertar sobre o assunto, o estudo conta com contribuições de Isabel Solé (1998), Ezequiel Theodoro da Silva (1987), Pedro Demo (2006), Marisa Lajolo (1993), Marcos Bagno (2006), entre outros pesquisadores. Esta pesquisa é relevante por repensar a importância do professor como mediador de leituras, contribuindo para o melhoramento das metodologias a serem trabalhadas no processo de incentivo à leitura, além de fornecer sugestões metodológicas que podem ser aproveitas pelo docente durante a sua prática de ensino.
Safety and security in the age of global tourism
Authors: Kővári István , Zimányi Krisztina
Published: July 2020

Safety and security have always been indispensable condition for travel and tourism. Research and education also has to face the issues of security and safety in tourism in order to prepare future specialists of the industry by incorporating new results of research to academic curricula.
Portuguese agriculture and its role in multifunctional rural development
Authors: Ventura-Lucas Maria Raquel , Marques Carlos , De Belém Martins Maria , Fragoso Rui
Published: July 2020

AsinEurope,agricultureinPortugalissupposedtofulfill a multiplicity of roles. It should contribute to supply Portuguese population with quality and safe food, to be viable in a global, competitive, dynamic and aggressive market, to preserve precious cultural landscapes across country through sustainable land management, to assist rural areastobeattractiveandfeasibleandtosupportemployment and social cohesion. Nevertheless, adjustments are expected to adapt to new environmental conditions, mainly climate change, to minimize weaknesses, to hold new opportunities and face new challenges. Otherwise, increases on human desertification, rural areas abandonment and consequent negative effects on territory are predictable.
The application of balanced scorecard in team sports
Authors: Becsky András
Published: July 2020

The present article discusses the application possibilities of the Balanced Scorecard strategic planning and controlling device for businesses managing team sports with the goal of professional efficiency and its long term sustainability.
Isaac Kandel e a constituição de redes entre Brasil e Estados Unidos
Authors: Silva Rabelo Rafaela
Published: July 2020

Em setembro de 1925, Isaac Kandel, professor do Teachers College da Columbia University, iniciou viagem de estudo a serviço do International Institute pela América do Sul. A viagem, que durou aproximadamente um ano, teve como destinos Argentina, Chile, Uruguai e Brasil. O presente artigo tem como objetivo explorar o itinerário de viagem de Kandel bem como a constituição de redes, especificamente no Brasil, oferecendo subsídios para os estudos que focam a relação entre EUA e Brasil no campo educacional, partindo das noções de circulação, redes (intelectuais/sociais) e hibridação com base em autores como Burke, Chartier e Fuchs. Entre as fontes mobilizadas estão publicações de Kandel, relatórios de viagem, correspondência e jornais disponíveis no acervo da Hemeroteca Digital da Biblioteca Nacional. Percorrendo as conexões que Kandel estabeleceu no Brasil, é possível identificar a formação de uma rede intrincada de relações que conecta educadores brasileiros aos EUA, principalmente por meio do Teachers College.
Sprawozdanie z XVII Międzynarodowej Studenckiej Konferencji Naukowej „Ekonomia wobec wyzwań współczesnego świata” organizowanej przez Naukowe Koło Ekonomistów na Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim na Wydziale Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii 11 grudnia 2019 roku
Authors: Ziobrowska Justyna
Published: July 2020

Sprawozdanie.
Problem zastosowania Charakterystyk Produktów Leczniczych do celów innych niż pozwolenie na dopuszczenie do obrotu
Authors: Zawierucha Weronika
Published: July 2020

Zakończony sukcesem proces rejestracji produktu leczniczego jest związany z zaakceptowaniem dokumentu Charakterystyki Produktu Leczniczego (dalej: ChPL). W artykule poruszony zostaje problem związany z wykorzystaniem dokumentu, jakim jest ChPL, do celów innych niż pierwotnie założony, czyli dopuszczenia leków do obrotu. Koncerny farmaceutyczne chcące zarejestrować nowy produkt leczniczy nie są zobowiązane do podania w ChPL wszystkich możliwych zastosowań leku ani do uaktualniania zawartych w niej informacji. Lekarz natomiast ma obowiązek wykonywać zawód zgodnie ze wskazaniami aktualnej wiedzy medycznej. Pojęcie „wskazania aktualnej wiedzy medycznej” należy uznać za szersze niż pojęcie „wskazania do stosowania” w ChPL i lekarz powinien leczyć poza wskazaniami rejestracyjnymi, ale zgodnie z wiedzą medyczną, płynącą ze źródeł naukowych. Poruszone zostały problemy wynikające z rozdźwięku, jaki powstaje między wskazaniami do stosowania CHPL a aktualną wiedzą medyczną. Jak powstaje dokument CHPL i do czego służy? Kto jest nim związany i w jakich okolicznościach? Jaki jest związek refundacji leków z ChPL i jakie zagrożenia płyną z oparcia listy refundacyjnej na tym dokumencie? Czym jest stosowanie pozarejestracyjne leków i co leży u źródła tego zjawiska? Jak kształtuje się odpowiedzialność lekarza w związku z zastosowaniem ChPL do celów innych niż wydanie pozwolenia na dopuszczenie do obrotu?
Postępowanie reprywatyzacyjne w Polsce
Authors: Wielgus Kamil
Published: July 2020

Autor podjął się próby krótkiego ujęcia zagadnienia reprywatyzacji w Polsce oraz zaproponowania swojego stanowiska. Niewątpliwie zjawisko to jest jedną z licznych patologii państw postkomunistycznych. Funduje poważny konflikt wartości zarówno z punktu widzenia prawnego, jak i aksjologicznego między interesem kolektywu z indywidualnymi podmiotami. Co więcej, Polska jest jedynym krajem, który ostatecznie nie rozstrzygnął na korzyść żadnej ze stron — w porównaniu do swoich geograficznych sąsiadów. Autor proponuje rozwiązanie zagadnienia reprywatyzacji z zastosowaniem instytucji dawności.
Cybersecurity and Custom Regulations as Trade Barriers in ASEAN e-Commerce: Case of Indonesian e-Commerce
Authors: Pratamasari Annisa
Published: July 2020

ASEAN countries show tremendous potential for e-commerce growth. Boasting its 650 million population and massive internet users, ASEAN proves to be a significant market for e-commerce and digital economy in general. Nonetheless, there are still some significant barriers in e-commerce trade, both traditional and non-traditional barriers of trade. Those barriers include a lack of harmonized regulations between the ASEAN Member States, high tariff duties on imported goods, and weak consumer protections (and overall cybersecurity) in the region. This study explores these barriers, which hinder ASEAN's goal to achieve more robust growth in the digital economy, particularly in terms of the legal framework (custom harmonization) and cybersecurity. In order to delve more deeply into these impediments of e-commerce trade, this article also attempts to present a study case of Indonesia's e-commerce as the most prominent and most promising player in ASEAN. Keywords: ASEAN, e-commerce, digital trade, digital economy  Negara-negara ASEAN menunjukkan potensi luar biasa bagi pertumbuhan e-commerce. Dengan jumlah penduduk 650 juta dan banyaknya pengguna internet, ASEAN terbukti menjadi pasar yang signifikan bagi e-commerce dan ekonomi digital secara umum. Meskipun demikian, masih terdapat beberapa hambatan signifikan dalam perdagangan e-commerce, baik hambatan perdagangan tradisional maupun non-tradisional. Hambatan-hambatan itu termasuk kurangnya regulasi yang harmonis antara negara-negara anggota ASEAN, bea masuk yang tinggi untuk barang-barang impor, dan lemahnya perlindungan konsumen (serta keamanan cyber secara keseluruhan) di dalam kawasan. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi hambatan-hambatan yang menghambat tujuan ASEAN untuk mencapai pertumbuhan yang lebih kuat dalam ekonomi digital, terutama dalam hal kerangka hukum (harmonisasi aturan) dan keamanan cyber. Untuk menggali lebih dalam hambatan-hambatan perdagangan e-commerce ini, tulisan ini juga mencoba untuk menyajikan studi kasus e-commerce Indonesia sebagai pemain terbesar dan paling menjanjikan di ASEAN. Kata-kata kunci: ASEAN, e-commerce, perdagangan digital, ekonomi digital
Factors Inhibiting Indonesia-Timor Leste Border Delimitation in Manusasi Village (2014-2018)
Authors: Putri Novitasari Annisa , Pertiwi Sukmawani Bela
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas faktor penghambat delimitasi batas darat yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Indonesia dan Timor Leste pada unresolved segment di Desa Manusasi periode 2014-2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan issue-level approach dari kajian sengketa wilayah yang menyatakan bahwa kombinasi faktor kewilayahan dan visibilitas domestik merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap dinamika sengketa wilayah. Dalam hal ini, dinamika sengketa yang masih berlangsung namun relatif stabil disebabkan karena kombinasi kewilayahan yang memiliki nilai, baik tampak maupun tidak tampak, namun visibilitas di level nasional kurang. Argumennya, wilayah yang memiliki nilai tertentu akan sulit diselesaikan sehingga memerlukan waktu lama. Namun kurangnya visibilitas sengketa diantara masyarakat di level nasional membuat tensi tetap stabil dikarenakan absennya tekanan dari masyarakat kepada pemerintah untuk menyelesaikan sengketa ini. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kombinasi kedua faktor ini juga berpengaruh dalam kasus delimitasi batas darat Indonesia-Timor Leste di Manusasi hingga 2018.Kata Kunci: Delimitasi Batas Darat, Indonesia-Timor Leste, Desa Manusasi (Bijael Sunan-Oben)This research aims to discuss factors inhibiting land border delimitation between Indonesia and Timor Leste on the unresolved segment in Manusasi Village between 2014 and 2018. This research uses issue-level approach from the study of territorial dispute which stated that the combination of territoriality and domestic visibility are among factors contributing to the dynamics of territorial disputes. In this case, the dynamics of the dispute which was still ongoing yet relatively stable is the result of the combination of its territoriality which is salient for its tangible or intangible value. However, the lack of visibility among audience at the national level keep the tension of the dispute stable because of the lack of pressure from the society to the government to solve this dispute. This research found that the combination of these two factors also contributes to the case of land border delimitation between Indonesia and Timor Leste in Manusasi until 2018.Keywords: Land Border Delimitation, Indonesia-Timor Leste, Manusasi Village (Bijael Sunan-Oben)
Adaptations possibles de la conduite du troupeau allaitant aux situations extensives
Authors: D’HOUR P. , REVILLA R. , WRIGHT I.A.
Published: July 2020

La conduite de la plupart des troupeaux de vaches allaitantes, basée sur l’utilisation de l’herbe pâturée ou conservée, est déjà extensive. Modifier la date de vêlage permet d’adapter la conduite du troupeau aux ressources fourragères. Lorsque la production d’herbe est suffisante pour satisfaire les besoins alimentaires du couple vache-veau, faire vêler les vaches au début de la période de végétation accroît la part de l’herbe pâturée dans l’alimentation du troupeau et limite ainsi les besoins en fourrages récoltés. Inversement, si la production des prairies est insuffisante, les vaches peuvent vêler pendant l’hivernage et être taries au pâturage. Leurs performances de reproduction sont alors préservées. Dans ces conditions plus difficiles, la durée de lactation peut être raccourcie, ce qui dissocie les besoins de la mère et du jeune. Les troupeaux de bovins allaitants peuvent contribuer à l’entretien des espaces herbagers avec des ajustements de la conduite du pâturage, par exemple en allongeant la durée de pâturage au-delà de la période de végétation active. Une augmentation du chargement à certaines périodes clés limite l’extension de végétations indésirables. Les races adaptées aux conditions extensives se caractérisent par leurs bonnes aptitudes maternelles et leur aptitude à mobiliser puis reconstituer leurs réserves corporelles et à ingérer des fourrages grossiers.
TUTELA EFETIVA DOS DIREITOS DOS DEFICIENTES: ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA DECISÃO DA ADI N°5753/2015
Authors: Souza Oliveira Camilla Luise , Corrêa Solis Neves Helen
Published: July 2020

Este artigo discute sobre os direitos das pessoas com deficiência e o amparo dado pela ordem jurídica vigente no Brasil, iniciando com o conceito de pessoa com deficiência, desenvolvendo-se a partir de analise dos principais aspectos de uma decisão tutelando interesses sobre educação, do Supremo Tribunal Federal, deste grupo de cidadãos. Toma-se por base o acórdão proferido e a petição inicial do processo, finalizando com o conluio de opinião com a decisão destinada ao caso.
A INDISPONIBILIDADE DO BEM JURÍDICO VIDA E O DIREITO DE MORRER DIGNAMENTE
Authors: Marques Fernando Tadeu , Gurzone Tessaro Amanda
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo, expõe o estudo acerca da Eutanásia, exibindo o conceito, a evolução histórica sobre o procedimento e suas classificações. Teve-se por objetivo demonstrar a legalidade da prática desse método para assegurar à pessoa o exercício dos direitos fundamentais, uma vez que, o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro não permite esse procedimento, tanto no atual Código Penal brasileiro, quanto no Anteprojeto do Novo Código Penal. Por meio desse estudo foi desempenhada a análise de casos concretos, dos cuidados paliativos como alternativa e das legislações atinentes. Retrata sobre a indisponibilidade do bem jurídico vida. Apresenta o direito ao testamento vital e sua implantação. Por fim, discorre sobre o direito à morte digna, exercendo autonomia sobre a própria vida. Desse modo, este presente estudo teve por resultado que, a legalização da eutanásia é necessária para garantir ao indivíduo a liberdade de escolha em realizar este procedimento e que seja realizado de um modo seguro com respaldo em lei.
PERSPECTIVE TRENDS OF ACCOMMODATING SPSTL SB RAS COLLECTIONS
Authors: Bakhteeva T. V. , Pankratyeva M. V. , Fedotova O. P.
Published: July 2020

The library stock is a very complicated object, which key characteristic is a strict order of documents it consists of. The quality of library activities and effectiveness of library functioning as a whole depend on how it is organized. The stock arranging – as the process of its organization – presupposes search and taking decisions on the optimal regulating of documents in the stock. Rational stock arranging considerably increases operativeness of servicing readers thanks to reduction of time wastes for searching and delivering the documents asked, that, undoubtedly, is an important factor in the sphere of services provision, taking into account the speed of today life. Due to the active growth of documents’ quantity, that is characteristic for depository libraries, the need in vacant space increases yearly, selection and search for sources in the stock are getting more complicated. Besides, the problem of lack of space for stocks accommodation is connected with substantial widening of functions and changing the libraries growth, taking place under exterior conditions influence.  The urgent necessity for searching modern and  effective ways to solve this problem has become  the basic reason for specialists of the State Public  Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian  Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPSTL  SB RAS) to pay attention to, determined the  principle task: to work out the complex of measures for optimal arrangement of the Library stocks. Based on the materials, gained in the course of work from all departments that hold collections, and with their direct collaboration the document “Strategy of accommodating SPSTL SB RAS collections for the period of 2020–2030” has been created. The object of the article is to give the notion about the current situation and possible decisions of the abovementioned problem in the largest library in Siberia and the Russian Far East.
Leader-Following Control System Design Based on Back-stepping Control Strategy
Authors: Lee Dong-Hun , Tran Duc-Quan , Kim Young-Bok
Published: July 2020

In this study, a motion control problem for the vessels towed by tugboats or towing ships on the sea is considered. The towed vessels including barge ships are need to have assistance of tugboats. Combining two vessels, some work purposes in the sea or harbor area can be completed. In this study, the authors give newly developed mathematical model and control system strategy. Especially, the system model fully presenting the physical characteristics of two vessels are derived. For controlling the system effectively, it is considered that the towed vessel has no power propulsion system but the rudder is activated to improve the maneuverability. Considering the strong nonlinearities included in the vessel dynamics, the modelled system is presented by nonlinear system without linearization of nonlinear parameters. Thus, the control system for the towed vessel is designed based on the nonlinear control scheme. Exactly, the back-stepping control method is applied to its motion control. Also, the PID control method is applied for comparing with the proposed control strategy.
Using Appreciative Inquiry to Dismantle Medical Student Mistrust Against their Universities: An Egyptian Study
Authors: Abouzeid Enjy , F. Wasfy Nourhan , El-Zoghby Safaa , Atwa Hani , Shalaby Sherein , Zaghloul Nancy , Ahmed Marwa , Hegazy Nagwa , Amin Hebat Allah , Shehata Mohamed , Ahmed Samar
Published: July 2020

Students’ anxiety due to the COVID-19 pandemic was expressed by some medical students in the form of anger and mistrust. This study aims to explore the reasons for mistrust between students and faculty among medical schools in Egypt that have flared during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a three-phase exploratory qualitative study depending on thematic emergence from appreciative interviews (AI) sessions. Students are revealed to be very well-educated regarding contemporary medical education concepts. The most important factors from the student perspective were the presence of a well-designed assessment system aligned with the learning outcomes and teaching methodologies and the presence of extracurricular activities and soft skills, respectively. A balanced student life respecting their mental health was found important to increase trust. A roadmap to breaking the mistrust must be planned on several pivots: curriculum structure, extracurricular life, communication strategies, and identifying student roles in their learning and in decision making.
The Research Progress of Electrophysiological Technology in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Syeda Afsarunnesa , Fan Li
Published: July 2020

Ovarian hypofunction or primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a common cause in the etiology of female infertility. It is a heterogeneous disorder, affecting approximately 1% of women before the age of 40. The characteristics of POI are menstrual disorders, including amenorrhea and delayed menstruation, accompanied by a raised gonadotrophin level and decreased estradiol level. In recent years, electrophysiology (EP) technology has been advancing rapidly in the diagnosis and treatments of numerous diseases. According to studies, bioelectrical stimulation (BES) therapy is an electrophysiology technology that plays significant roles in numerous diseases, including on the thin endometrium in patients with POI. In this review, the overall research progress of this electrophysiological technology has been discussed in relation to the advancement of primary ovarian insufficiency.
B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) As a Target for New Drug Development in Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Abramson Hanley N.
Published: July 2020

During the past two decades there has been a major shift in the choice of agents to treat multiple myeloma, whether newly diagnosed or in the relapsed/refractory stage. The introduction of new drug classes, such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulators, and anti-CD38 and anti-SLAMF7 monoclonal antibodies, coupled with autologous stem cell transplantation, have approximately doubled the disease’s five-year survival rate. However, this positive news is tempered by the realization that these measures are not curative and patients eventually relapse and/or become resistant to the drug’s effects. Thus, there is a need to discover newer myeloma-driving molecular markers and develop innovative drugs designed to precisely regulate the actions of such putative targets. B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), which is found almost exclusively on the surfaces of malignant plasma cells to the exclusion of other cell types, including their normal counterparts, has emerged as a specific target of interest in this regard. Immunotherapeutic agents have been at the forefront of research designed to block BCMA activity. These agents encompass monoclonal antibodies, such as the drug conjugate belantamab mafodotin; bispecific T-cell engager strategies exemplified by AMG 420; and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapeutics that include idecabtagene vicleucel (bb2121) and JNJ-68284528.
Seven Challenges in the Multiscale Modelling of Multicellular Tissues
Authors: Fletcher Alexander , Osborne James
Published: July 2020

The growth and dynamics of multicellular tissues involve tightly regulated and coordinated morphogenetic cell behaviours, such as shape changes, movement, and division, which are governed by subcellular machinery and involve coupling through short- and long-range signals. A key challenge in the fields of developmental biology, tissue engineering and regeneration is to understand how relationships between scales produce emergent tissue-scale behaviours. Recent advances in molecular biology, live-imaging and ex vivo techniques have revolutionised our ability to study these processes experimentally. To fully leverage these techniques and obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the causal relationships underlying tissue dynamics, computational modelling approaches are increasingly spanning multiple spatial and temporal scales, and are coupling cell shape, growth, mechanics and signalling. Yet such models remain technically challenging: modelling at each scale requires different areas of technical skills, while integration across scales necessitates the solution to novel mathematical and computational problems. This review aims to summarise recent progress in multiscale modelling of multicellular tissues and to highlight ongoing challenges associated with the construction, implementation, interrogation and validation of such models.
The Computation of the Output Gap in Polish Economy in the Light of the Secular Stagnation Scenario (Sustainability Antithesis)
Authors: Szaruga Elżbieta
Published: July 2020

The research problem was formulated as a question: are demand-supply shocks affecting the opening up of a negative or positive output gap? The hypothesis was formulated: demand-supply shocks have a significant impact on the opening up and deepening of the negative output gap, thereby causing real GDP to shrink or potential GDP to grow. The spatial range applies to Poland and the time period - 2008:Q1-2019:Q4. The methodology consists of three stages: the first is the decomposition of the time series using the TRAMO/SEATS on the components: seasonality, trend-cycle, irregular; the second - the decomposition of the trend-cycle component using the Hodrick-Prescott filter into two separate components; the third is the calculation of the output gap; forecast with VECM and IRF approximation. The ouput gap is in the range of - 11% to +10%. After cleaning it, the shock elements are between -2.2% and 2%. Demand-supply shocks open up and widen the negative output gap. Based on forecasts, the output gap will be positive by the end of 2022, close to 0% (optimal scenario), rising to 5% (optimistic scenario) and negative, deepening to -4% (pessimistic scenario). Two of these scenarios point to a growing risk of secular stagnation.
COVID-19 Outpatients – Early Risk-Stratified Treatment with Zinc Plus Low Dose Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin: A Retrospective Case Series Study
Authors: Scholz Martin , Derwand Roland , Zelenko Vladimir
Published: July 2020

Objective: To describe outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the outpatient setting after early treatment with zinc, low dose hydroxychloroquine, and azithromycin (the triple therapy) dependent on risk stratification. Design: Retrospective case series study. Setting: General practice. Participants: 141 COVID-19 patients with laboratory confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in the year 2020. Main Outcome Measures: Risk-stratified treatment decision, rate of hospitalization and all-cause death. Results: Of 335 positively PCR-tested COVID-19 patients, 127 were treated with the triple therapy. 104 of 127 met the defined risk stratification criteria and were included in the analysis. In addition, 37 treated and eligible patients who were confirmed by IgG tests were included in the treatment group (total N=141). 208 of the 335 patients did not meet the risk stratification criteria and were not treated. After 4 days (median, IQR 3-6, available for N=66/141) of onset of symptoms, 141 patients (median age 58 years, IQR 40-67; 73% male) got a prescription for the triple therapy for 5 days. Independent public reference data from 377 confirmed COVID-19 patients of the same community were used as untreated control. 4 of 141 treated patients (2.8%) were hospitalized, which was significantly less (p<0.001) compared with 58 of 377 untreated patients (15.4%) (odds ratio 0.16, 95% CI 0.06-0.5). Therefore, the odds of hospitalization of treated patients were 84% less than in the untreated group. One patient (0.7%) died in the treatment group versus 13 patients (3.5%) in the untreated group (odds ratio 0.2, 95% CI 0.03-1.5; p=0.16). There were no cardiac side effects. Conclusions: Risk stratification-based treatment of COVID-19 outpatients as early as possible after symptom onset with the used triple therapy, including the combination of zinc with low dose hydroxychloroquine, was associated with significantly less hospitalizations and 5 times less all-cause deaths.
Impact of COVID-19 on Education in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Aborode Abdullahi , Anifowoshe Olaitan , Ifeoluwapo Ayodele Tolorunju , Rebecca Iretiayo Akinjo , Oluwafemi David Ogunjemilua
Published: July 2020

The eruption of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected every sphere of life and may forever change how we have always lived and conducted our businesses, and no one can resist the wind of change that is blowing. Of all the sectors of governance, the educational sector, particularly at the tertiary level, appears to have been most greatly affected and therefore requires a more pragmatic approach to resolution. As of 29th June, Sub-Sahara Africa has reported 382,190 cases of COVID-19. In rejoinder to the virus epidemic, several Sub Sahara African governments implement the resolution to slam learning institutions to enclose the infection. Consequently, advanced schooling institutions obliged to reorganize their loom, becoming more digitally become forward, and changing to online platforms.
Investigation on Solid State Phase Transformations in a 2510 Duplex Stainless Steel Grade
Authors: Calliari Irene , Breda Marco , Gennari Claudio , Pezzato Luca , Pellizzari Massimo , Zambon Andrea
Published: July 2020

Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steels are very prone to secondary phases formation related to ferrite decomposition at high temperatures. In the present paper the results on secondary phase precipitation in a 2510 Duplex Stainless Steel, heat treated in the temperature range 850-1050 °C for 3-30 minutes are presented. The precipitation starts at grain boundaries with a consistent ferrite transformation for very short times. The noses of the TTP curves are at 1000 °C for σ-phase and at 900 °C for χ-phase, respectively. The precipitation sequence involves a partial transformation of χ into σ, as previously evidenced in 2205 and 2507 grades. Furthermore, the experimental data were compared to the results of Thermo-Calc calculations.
Did COVID-19 Lockdown Brew “Amphan” into a Super Cyclone?
Authors: Vinoj Velu , Swain Debadatta
Published: July 2020

The world witnessed one of the largest lockdowns in the history of mankind ever, spread over months in an attempt to contain the contact spreading of the novel coronavirus induced COVID-19. As billions around the world stood witness to the staggered lockdown measures, a storm brewed up in the urns of the rather hot Bay of Bengal (BoB) in the Indian Ocean realm. When Thailand proposed the name “Amphan” (pronounced as “Um-pun” meaning ‘the sky’), way back in 2004, little did they realize that it was the christening of the 1st super cyclone (Category-5 hurricane) of the century in this region and the strongest on the globe this year. At the peak, Amphan clocked wind speeds of 168 mph (Joint Typhoon Warning Center) with the pressure drop to 925 h.Pa. What started as a depression in the southeast BoB at 00 UTC on 16th May 2020 developed into a Super Cyclone in less than 48 hours and finally made landfall in the evening hours of 20th May 2020 through the Sundarbans between West Bengal and Bangladesh. Did the impact of the COVID-19 induced lockdown drive an otherwise typical pre-monsoon tropical depression into a super cyclone?
Development and Application of a Patient Group Engagement Prioritization Tool for Use in Medical Product Development
Authors: Perry Brian , Dombeck Carrie , Smalley Jaye Bea , Levitan Bennett , Leventhal David , Patrick-Lake Bray , Brennan Linda , McKenna Kevin , Hallinan Zachary , Corneli Amy
Published: July 2020

Patient group engagement is increasingly used to inform the design, conduct, and dissemination of clinical trials and other medical research activities. However, the priorities of industry sponsors and patient groups differ, and there is currently no framework to help these groups identify mutually beneficial engagement activities. Methods: We conducted 28 qualitative, semi-structured interviews with representatives from research sponsor organizations (n=14) and patient groups (n=14) to determine: 1) how representatives define benefits and investments of patient group engagement in medical product development and, 2) to refine a list of 31 predefined patient group engagement activities. Results: Patient group and sponsor representatives described similar benefits: engagement activities can enhance the quality and efficiency of clinical trials by improving patient recruitment and retention, reduce costs, and help trials meet expectations of regulators and payers. All representatives indicated that investments include both dedicated staff time and expertise, and financial resources. Factors to consider when evaluating benefits and investments were also identified as were suggestions for clarifying the list of engagement activities. Discussion: Using these findings, we refined the 31 engagement activities to 24 unique activities across the medical product development lifecycle. We also developed a web-based prioritization tool (https://prioritizationtool.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/) to help clinical research sponsors and patient groups identify high priority engagement activities. Use of this tools can help sponsors and patient groups identify the engagement activities that they believe will provide the most benefit for the least investment and may lead to more meaningful and mutually beneficial partnerships in medical product development.
The Cosmological OTOC: Formulating New Cosmological Micro-Canonical Correlation Functions for Random Chaotic Fluctuations in Out-of-Equilibrium Quantum Statistical Field Theory
Authors: Choudhury Sayantan
Published: July 2020

The out-of-time-ordered correlation (OTOC) function is an important new probe in quantum field theory which is treated as a significant measure of random quantum correlations. In this paper, with the slogan "Cosmology meets Condensed Matter Physics" we demonstrate a formalism using which for the first time we compute the Cosmological OTOC during the stochastic particle production during inflation and reheating following canonical quantization technique. In this computation, two dynamical time scales are involved, out of them at one time scale the cosmological perturbation variable and for the other the canonically conjugate momentum is defined, which is the strict requirement to define time scale separated quantum operators for OTOC and perfectly consistent with the general definition of OTOC. Most importantly, using the present formalism not only one can study the quantum correlation during stochastic inflation and reheating, but also study quantum correlation for any random events in Cosmology. Next, using the late time exponential decay of cosmological OTOC with respect to the dynamical time scale of our universe which is associated with the canonically conjugate momentum operator in this formalism we study the phenomena of quantum chaos by computing the expression for {\it Lyapunov spectrum}. Further, using the well known Maldacena Shenker Stanford (MSS) bound, on Lyapunov exponent, λ≤2π/β, we propose a lower bound on the equilibrium temperature, T=1/β, at the very late time scale of the universe. On the other hand, with respect to the other time scale with which the perturbation variable is associated, we find decreasing but not exponentially decaying behaviour, which quantifies the random correlation at out-of-equilibrium. Finally, we have studied the classical limit of the OTOC to check the consistency with the large time limiting behaviour.
Demographic Performance of Helicoverpa zea Populations on Dual and Triple-Gene Bt Cotton
Authors: Rabelo Marcelo M. , Paula-Moraes Silvana V. , Pereira Eliseu Jose G. , Siegfried Blair D.
Published: July 2020

Insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are valuable tools for pest management worldwide, contributing to the management of human disease insect vectors and phytophagous insect pests of agriculture and forestry. Here, we report the effects of dual and triple Bt toxins expressed in transgenic cotton cultivars on the fitness and demographic performance of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), a noctuid pest known as cotton bollworm and corn earworm. Life-history traits were determined for individuals of three field populations from a region where H. zea overwintering is likely. Triple-gene Bt cotton cultivars expressing Cry and Vip3Aa toxins killed 100% of the larvae in all populations tested. In contrast, dual-gene Bt cotton expressing Cry1Ac+Cry1F and Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab2 allowed population growth with the intrinsic rate of population growth (rm) 38% lower than on non-Bt cotton. The insects feeding on Bt cotton plants expressing Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab2, Cry1Ac+Cry1F, or Cry1Ab+Cry2Ae exhibited reduced larval weight, survival rate, and increased development time. Additionally, fitness parameters varied significantly among the insect populations, even on non-Bt cotton plants, likely because of their different genetic background and/or previous Bt toxin exposure. This is the first report of the comparative fitness of H. zea field populations on dual-gene Bt cotton after the recent reports of field resistance to certain Bt toxins. These results document the population growth rates of H. zea from an agricultural landscape with 100% Bt cotton cultivars. Our results will help to refine models designed to predict resistance evolution and improve insect resistance management for Bt crops.